bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Folklore Archives of Pskov State University: From field recordings to remote access
Authors: Lishenko Nadezhda
Published: April 2016

Here is a brief analysis of the folk fund of Pskov State University. The purpose is study the process of obtaining the folklore collections in an electronic form, accessible to remote users. The article contains the location of folklore materials – scientific and educational regional laboratory of philological research. It describes the objects and the structure of the funds and passport data of materials, examples of passport data of materials, describes the content of the collections. Expedition activity of the University began in 1977. Technical means of recording changed from tape recorder to electronic recorder. Nowadays the collection has more than 1,000 audio tapes. Most of them are digitized. Handwritten fund folklore archive in Pskov State University consists of student transcripts and audio commentaries on them. There are indications of some of the genre features of the archive. There is mentioning on wedding folklore, folk-listed holidays in church calendar. The names of festivals and songs remain largely a local name, with the exception of the Easter ritual songs in the yards, known among folklorists as valachobny. The article refers to over 30 types of folk songs that are stored in the archives of the Pskov State University, lists the genre of children's folklore, points the features of fairy-tales of the Pskov region in line with the types of ciphers fabulous on "Comparative index of subjects: The Eastern Tale" (L., 1979), and also discloses the concept of "supporting material". In the archive there are developed principles of scientific systematization and classification of folk materials. The principles of scientific and folk materials classification were developed. Systematic work for the storage of folklore materials is conducted up to date with the use of information techniques. Three thematic electronic data-base were established. The first is devoted to tales of the Pskov region. The second one gathers collection of verbal stories about the Great Patriotic War. The third database is dedicated to children's folklore. The article describes the structure of the databases and opportunities for research, compares search capabilities at the index (G. Ploschuk, 2003). Folklore Pskov region: Index of materials folklore archive PSPI. Part 1 and Part 2. Pskov: PSPI named after Kirov), and with the help of an electronic database. The access to the database is local. However, in the scientific and educational laboratory of the regional philological research in Pskov State University much work is done actively developing the resource of remote access. The author comes to the conclusion that the stages which folk songs are going through before they become an object of study for the researcher, are links in one chain.
Significant intersections Daugavpils Region Artists Association during from 1998 till 2013
Authors: Folkmane Mairita
Published: April 2016

Daugavpils Region Artists Association (DRAA) is a professional creative organization, which now comprises 37 artists from different generations, schools and professional industry: painters, graphic artists, sculptors, textile artists, potters, stage designers, etc. DRAA was founded in 1998. Organization is to promote conditions for creativity, to promote the association's creative work, to defend artists' creative freedom, moral, economic, social rights and professional interests. In its 15 years of existence, Daugavpils Region Artists Association organized exhibitions in Latvia and abroad, promoted the development of visual culture in Latgale and combined local professional artists in their own activities. Besides to those artists actively developed their own individual artistic work through exhibitions, participation in international and Latvian plenaries, residencies and master classes. Significant work has been done documenting the artists' creative work. Artistic activity of the group has seen more active and less saturated periods. At this time DRAA has become significant in the context of Latvian art and has created interest among partners in Lithuania, Belarus, France, etc. Due to the personal initiative DRAA artists exhibited their works in group exhibitions and had solo exhibitions in Lithuania, Belarus, Germany, Estonia, Russia, Austria, Poland, France, Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Spain, Uzbekistan, Finland, Switzerland, Italy. During DRAA existence the artists held around 150 solo exhibitions and participated in over 500 group exhibitions in Latvia and abroad. In period from 1998 to 2013th DRAA implemented various activities related to art, which positively influenced and enriched the cultural life of Daugavpils, contributed to the city and state recognition of cultural space. A leading role in driving of this process belongs to the personalities in the DRAA group – to its leaders Līga Čible and Romualds Gibovskis. Group of artists could achieve its aims only if state and local government will provide a moral and material support in order to develop the area of education, the arts process documentation and work procurement issues. Only cooperation between different institutions can create an attractive and modern cultural facilities on the eastern border. Article aims to collect information on the artists DRAA professional activities from 1998 to 2013th year describe the group of main areas of activity and reflect the most significant achievements.
Art Education in Latgale in the 20th-21st Century
Authors: Paurs Vladislavs
Published: April 2016

In his paper the author deals with the origin of art education and the ways of its development in Latgale. The first significant art school was founded in Daugavpils in the 1920s and operated till the middle of the 20th century. After changing the statehood of Latvia during World War II it was reorganized into a vocational school and was closed in the post-war period. In the 1950s due to the initiative of Latgalian culture enthusiasts there was opened Rezekne Branch of Riga Secondary School of Applied Art. The school is still existing and functioning nowadays as a Secondary School Of Design and Art. In 1990 there was observed a significant change in art education when there was opened the first higher education institution of art in Rezekne – Latgale Branch of Art Academy of Latvia. Later on in 1992 in Daugavpils there was renewed “Sun School” and in 1996 at Daugavpils University there was founded the Art Department. In 2006 the first students of design programs were enrolled into the Faculty of Education and Design of Rezekne Higher Education Institution. Opening of art schools contributed to: - increase of cultural and educational level in Latgale; - development of skills in obtaining crafts of applied arts; - facilitation of the art's understanding in the society; - creation of opportunities to organize art education in Latgale. Existence of art schools encouraged: - to improve education of teachers and lecturers and develop creative skills; - to motivate students to participate in cultural activities and exhibitions; - to improve and develop the traditional types of Latgale applied art in a creative way. Art education in the 20th-21st Century gave opportunities: - to obtain higher education in art in Latgale, acquire new professions in the field of art and design; - to improve competences of teaching staff in exhibitions, workshops, conferences, projects; - to increase the creative-scientific level of lecturers by participation in international exhibitions and conferences; - to cooperate with universities in Latvia and abroad, exchange art exhibitions of their students and lecturers. In the 20th-21st Century there is a wide vocational network of art schools in Latgale. There are established two art secondary schools and three higher education institutions where artists or designers can acquire the appropriate education.
Porcelain decoration design, tableware shape construction and surface location schemes for pattern
Authors: Brants Inese
Published: April 2016

My pedagogic work as a porcelain painting teacher brought to my attention the problems of connecting two-dimensional painting or decor with three-dimensional shape. This paper presents my research on the contradictions between porcelain decor and shape and provides insight into shape construction of objects and, consequently, shape designer’s contribution to tableware design. Understanding of tableware shape structure is equally helpful for the artists creating decoration designs and for the museum researchers describing collection items. By selecting and analyzing the images of porcelain decoration of different time periods, the basic principles of pattern organizing and decoration layout that follows shape design can be determined. The study used qualitative and selective methods of research, including visual material selection and interpretation. The visual material for the analyses was collected in The Museum of the History of Riga and Navigation, Riga Porcelain Museum, The Art Museum Riga Bourse, Victoria and Albert Museum in London, Sèvres Ceramics Museum in Paris, The State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Herend Porcelain Museum in Hungary and Augarten Porcelain Museum in Vienna.
Belarusian scientist Nikolay Kasperovich about Formation of the Latvian national art
Authors: Lisov Alexander
Published: April 2016

In summer of 1927 the Belarusian philologist, historian and ethnographer Nikolay Ivanovich Kasperovich (1900-1937) effectuated a mission to Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania to study local history practices and pedagogical experience of neighboring countries. At that time he held the post of Academic Secretary of the Central Bureau of Regional Studies at the Belarusian Academy of Sciences. This trip to Finland and to Baltic states lasted from June 28 to September 10, 1927. In Latvia N. I. Kasperovich stayed in Riga and Daugavpils. Several of his publications are dedicated to Latvian literature and to prose and poetry of the Belarusian-speaking writers from Latvia. Special article was written by him about fine art in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, it was published in 1928. Evaluations given there by N. I. Kasperovich are very noticeable in the context of his understanding of the problems of formation of national art, comprehension of the content of this concept, understanding of similarities and differences of the formation of national schools of art in Latvia and in Belarus. Here we also can see important parallels with art of Estonia and Lithuania. This article attempts to analyze the views of N. I. Kasperovich on the problem of forming of national art school in Latvia. Through this it is possible to consider ideas of the scientist about formation of national art in Estonia, Lithuania and Belarus. A trip to young Baltic states neighboring Belarusian SSR, a study of their cultural experience created the prerequisites for comparative analysis.
Description of Stalin’s Period Architecture in the Soviet Union
Authors: Apele Diāna
Published: April 2016

In the history of architecture a majority of researchers chronologically distinguish the term “Stalin’s architecture” from the mid 1930’s to the mid 1950’s. However, the author of the article has chosen the period from the 1950’s to 1960’s because in the further research the selected object shall be the Centre of Culture and Education in Rezekne (former cinema “Zvaigzne”) which was launched only in 1957 and which is an outstanding example of socialistic realism of that time in the architecture of Latvia. The article deals with the implementation of the totalitarian system and its ideology in architecture. The article does not provide detailed and multifaceted analysis of totalitarism – its aim is to explore and analyse the brightest samples of architecture in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Socialistic Republic of Latvia in the 1950’s and 1960’s during the period of socialistic realism. The methods applied in the research are based on the exploration of scientific and publicistic materials revealing the evidence of the respective period in architecture.
Regional Features of the Pskov Folk Tales
Authors: Bolshakova Natalia
Published: April 2016

The paper identified and systematized ethno-linguistic, communicative and pragmatic features linguageographical Pskov tales. Study was carried out on the material of the manuscript prepared for publication of a collection of rough folk tales which have been written down in Pskovshchina during the period since the 70th of the XX century. We used the traditional system – structural methods, and methods of communicative dialects. Performed work showed that untreated tale, especially sounding, has all the features of dialect discourse, such as: pronounced intention of the speaker, dialogic speech. Content analysis allowed to reveal the historical and cultural significance of a corpus of fairy tales, which can serve as a source of information about the archaic features of traditional peasant life of the local toponymy. Language of tales reflects characteristics of the Pskov national dialects in phonetic, lexico-semantic, grammatical levels, keeping signs of boundary language space.
Knitting in the History of Fashion
Authors: Degeniene Virginija
Published: April 2016

Knitting technique is rarely mentioned in overview of costume history. Fashion theorists' attention to knitting is also insignificant because this technique never had significant influence on fashion changes. The intention of article is to overview the evolution of knitting, to inquire about its historic roots and its place in fashion history, to present knitting as creative process and contemporary technology that takes even greater part in world of fashion. I wanted to deny established stereotype that knitting is only handiworks or women's pastime. Gathered, analyzed and systemized information unveils interesting panorama of knitting as creating process having old traditions. Originated in old past, created with extremely simple tools now knit product became a branch of textile and fashion industry. Life of contemporary man is hardly imaginable without knit products. New knitting technologies enter into fashion industry and promote variety and progress of the product.
MUSIC AS ALTERNATIVE TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ADULT PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
Authors: Moceviciene Aldona
Published: April 2016

Each person's life pattern depending on the personalities are different from other individuals while life model is characterized by the same criteria: human individuality, human vital activity, an individual's ability to carry out those activities, activities influencing factors (biological, psychological, socio – cultural, environmental, political – economical), the individual's life expectancy. Optimizing the life quality of people with disabilities are three very important indicators which develops others to personal self-awareness, self-development and self-expression: integration into society, socialization and self-realization. Social Care House goal – to ensure the rational and efficient network of services that fully meet the needs of residents and allow full integration into community. Using music therapy techniques can be developed auditory and visual perception, language sharpness, motion flexibility and coordination and body control what can be applied meaningfully and efficiently in everyday life, at the same time as helping for a person to adapt in the environment and facilitating persons near communication. Object of research – individuals with moderate to profound intellectual disability optimization the quality of life through music / art therapy techniques. Study aims – to investigate adults with intellectual disabilities life quality optimization in the context of music therapy methods and techniques. In this work was used qualitative and quantitative research methods: theoretical, diagnostic, empirical.
Region Community in Communication Theory
Authors: Murinska-Gaile Sandra
Published: April 2016

The aim of the report is to determine how local and regional newspapers represent local communities and how their communicative integration has been promoted. Mass media, establishing community cognition about its existence, involvement into the community, identification and belonging to the community, represent a perfect model of interaction between community and communication. During the content analysis of the press publications of local newspapers of Latgale region the typological characteristics and classification are emphasized, the role of the press in the development of the region inhabitants is defined, the direction and structure of the editorial board activities, newspapers’ content, authors and genres are inspected. The practice of local journalism varies in different places; there are some common trends but specific characteristics are noticed in each local community. They are being affected by social context, which is characterized by regional values and culture, since they correspond to the community and individual interaction as well. It is possible to see differences both in community structure, spread and in expressions of local newspapers within the region.
Joseph Conrad – Interaction of Literature and Music
Authors: Opincāne Mārīte
Published: April 2016

The aim of the paper is to investigate the role of music in Joseph Conrad’s life and works, as well as study the reflection of the writer’s writings in the works of the 20th and 21st centuries’ world composers. The research has been based on the synthesis of the different methods – biographical, historically- cultural, literary-historical and semiotical. The cultural layer of J. Conrad’s artistic world view is essential also in Latvian literature and culture, and it can be viewed in the context that is topical in modern Latvian literary theory. Research of the Western literary icons is topical at present. Excellent knowledge and comprehension of music influenced the development of J. Conrad as a personality and a writer. And the outstanding literary works of the modernist writer inspired the composers of the 20th and the 21st centuries all over the world to create the famous music compositions.
Logotype as a part of brand visual identity
Authors: Strode Aina , Stikute Inga
Published: April 2016

Aim of the article – to analyse the nature of corporate style and the development of logo, to take a qualitative research (case studies), evaluating specificities of the universities’ logo design in Latvia. This article studies and explains interrelated concepts of logo and corporate style. The analysis of Latvian universities logo shows the original unity of logo and national emblem which moving away over time. Logos of Latvian universities are characterized by a combination of symbols and fonts, visible in both location and the specialization and symbols of knowledge and growth. The logo design indicates trend towards minimalism that is successful, recognizable brand feature.
Music and Ideology: Musical School in Rezekne after World War II
Authors: Čakša Valda
Published: April 2016

The aim of the article is to reflect the processes and problems of musical education renewal, which the teachers of Rezekne Secondary Music School faced under the circumstances of sovietisation, by evaluating to what extent the old elite (pre-war elite of National Conservatory) could adapt to the new circumstances and to what extent it was allowed by the regime. The article is based on the historical analysis of a discourse by evaluating the texts of documents available in the archives and identifying the dominant circumstances under which they have been created. In order to evaluate the principles of ideology influence and formation of social reality, the author compares the texts of the documents and conclusions found there with the opinions of representatives from various scientific areas on the features of musical life in that period of time. During the research, the author established that, on the one hand, the external factors and those, which are subjected to ideology, characterize the activity of the school; however, on the other hand, there are also the internal, as well as determined and retained factors of traditional requirements of music acquisition.
MICROTONAL INTONATION FROM COMPOSER’S, PERFORMER’S AND CONCERT-AUDIENCE’S PERSPECTIVE: THE CASE OF GYÖRGY LIGETI’S Hora lungă FOR VIOLA SOLO
Authors: Īvāne Karlīna
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study is to explore the microtonal intonation, i.e., pitch lowered by a quarter-tone, in György Ligeti’s (1923-2006) „Hora lungă” for viola solo. It is examined from three points of view: composer’s, performer’s, and concert-audience’s. The artistic reasons for the use of microtonality in this piece were explored in Ligeti’s own and other written sources. The difficulties performer encounters hitting the microtonal pitch on viola (corresponding to the 11th harmonic in the overtone series) were investigated practicing the piece by the author of this paper herself. Two methods of practicing microtonal intonation were tested. Firstly, the out-of-tune (“false”) sounding pitch was searched by ear. Secondly, the validity of the second method – listening to harmonics of open C string was proofed, measuring pitch frequencies of open string harmonics in 16 recordings, including the author’s. Finally the perception of microtonal intonation by 26 subjects in live concert setting was tested. Pitch frequencies of performed excerpts were also analysed. Additionally, 17 subjects were interviewed about the perception of microtonal intonation. It was concluded that the appropriate way to practice microtonal intonation is to search the out-of-tune sounding pitch by ear, while other method – listening to open string harmonics, could be questionable as frequency measurements of harmonics showed that 11th harmonic deviated largely from the target. Perception test results have shown that both musicians and non-musicians were able to hear by a quartertone lowered pitch in the author’s performance. Frequency analysis has shown that microtonal intonation in the author’s performance was reliable. From answers in questionnaires and additional interviews it could be concluded that the composer’s intention to create the impression of a „strange, magical, nostalgic world” through the use of microtonal intonation worked, although it remains unclear, if the result would be similar without preparatory explanations before the interviews.
Students Learning Research Process in Fashion Design in the Context of Sustainability: Development of New Products from Non-traditional Materials
Authors: Mežinska Silvija , Baniene Jolanta
Published: April 2016

The article analyzes one of the most pressing problems of waste-utilization. In other words looking at nearby objects, taking into account the long-term evolution of the planet. Introducing the processing facilities, promotion of unexpected and interesting design solutions, providing unnecessary items on a „second breath”. It is shown that environmental friendliness is not boring or very difficult, but interesting and promising. An introduction to students, setting up a facility to learn how to apply the principles of composition, artistic expression and harmonization measures, and learn about the design and manufacturing technology, new materials, original techniques and learn to creatively apply knowledge and professional practice. In particular, attention is drawn to high-quality and thorough completion of tasks. The aim of the study: sustainability awareness and development of the research competence of prospective designers, exploring the usage of non-traditional material within professional fashion design and design studies in the context of sustainability. The methods of research- theoretical -analysis of the literature, empirical – qualitative research methods such as the analysis of the study tasks implemented by the Rezeknes Augstskola and Utenos Collegia study programs “Clothes design and technology”, observation and analysis of students’ creative activity.
THE ESSENCE OF MENTAL TRAINING AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ITS USE IN THE VIOLIN TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS OF PUPILS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: Mērija Vilnīte Fiona , Marnauza Māra
Published: April 2016

The subject of mental training has gained a great deal of attention in the field of sports psychology and various authors have shown that many of the components of mental training transfer successfully to a musical setting (Green, Gallwey, 2012). Yet the explanations for its success, why this may depend on certain conditions and whether there are special considerations for musicians, have remained relatively obscure (Johnson, 2003). Additionally, mental training is more frequently used in both sports and music with already-trained practitioners; the few studies that explore the components of mental training with children are currently in the field of sport (e.g. Orlick, McCaffrey, 1991; Julien, 2002; Li-Wei et al, 1992) and therefore do not address the specifics of learning a musical instrument. The aim of this paper is to investigate the premise of mental training and to assess opportunities for its use in the one-to-one violin teaching and learning process of primary school-aged pupils. The applied methods: Analysis of the scientific literature on mental training, its connections to literature in neuroscience and primary school age-related studies; teaching observations. Relevant conclusions: Children from a young age have mental imagery abilities and there are opportunities for the use of mental training in the violin teaching and learning process of pupils in the primary school age group. A synthesis of the literature on mental training, neuroscience and empirical teaching observations suggests that for mental training to be most beneficial, it should be introduced consciously and purposefully within the teaching and learning process.
Essence of Visual Communication in Contact with a User
Authors: Zvonņikova Ineta , Strode Aina
Published: April 2016

The aim of the article is to examine the problematics of the visual communication at the building complex of Rezekne Higher Education Institution on a basis of the theoretical research into the essence and the sense of the visual communication in contact with a user. Methods of the research – theoretical study of the literature and internet sources. In the article the author summarised information about means, forms and methods of visual communication for creation of information design. Understanding of the information design as a sphere. Historical facts of the visual communication. Research analysis of the Wyzowl service on the way how human brains process verbal, textual and visual information. How efficient environment graphical design impacts people. Navigation in man’s everyday life. Facts of the research into orientation skills in environment in Tübingen City. Problems of building cartography and ways of their solutions. Wayfinding system architecture.
2. EL DERECHO FUNDAMENTAL DE ACCESO A LA JUSTICIA. UNA VISIÓN DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA INTERAMERICANA
Authors: Curci Juan Inacio Perez
Published: April 2016

Teniendo en consideración que el derecho de acceso a la justicia se proyecta sobre diversos aspectos, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objeto presentar el tratamiento que el mismo ha recibido en el derecho internacional, fundamentalmente en el sistema interamericano de protección de derechos humanos. Al acercarse a la problemática del acceso a la justicia, uno no debe conformarse con un análisis netamente normativo, sino que se debe reclamar su ponderación fáctica y demandar exigencias -diagrama institucional, humano y funcional, que permitan garantizar su vigencia y respeto en los hechos.
6. A APLICAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DA COOPERAÇÃO NO ÂMBITO DO PROCESSO JUDICIAL ELETRÔNICO
Authors: Fincato Denise , Carvalho George Jales
Published: April 2016

A sociedade moderna, cada vez mais tecnológica, vem sofrendo constantes mudanças, cujos reflexos atingem a ciência do Direito. Gradualmente o uso da tecnologia é implementado no âmbito jurídico, de modo a facilitar o acesso e a celeridade processual. Nessa perspectiva, coube ao Poder Judiciário implementar um processo judicial eletrônico que permitisse uma maior participação das partes no resultado do processo, tornado-o mais democrático e participativo. Nesse estudo buscou-se estabelecer uma discussão, em face do novo Código de Processo Civil, acerca da aplicação do princípio da cooperação no âmbito do processo judicial eletrônico de modo a permitir a democratização do processo sem esquecer da tão almejada celeridade processual. Faz-se necessário, mediante a análise do referido princípio, refletir acerca do quanto o princípio da cooperação poderá promover um maior diálogo entre as partes, de modo a garantir uma decisão mais justa e efetiva.
5. A CRISE DO DIREITO NA PÓS-MODERNIDADE E A NECESSIDADE DA DECISÃO JUDICIAL ADEQUAR-SE ÀS TRANSFORMAÇÕES SOCIAIS
Authors: SILVA Jaqueline Mielke
Published: April 2016

Na pós-modernidade, a sociedade concentra-se cada vez mais no sistema jurídico, na medida em que com ele deve se integrar. Assim, o direito contemporâneo só se legitima se não estiver em contradição com os ideais de justiça e de vida pós-tradicionais que se tornam decisivos para a cultura e convívio social. As argumentações aparecem como processos de entendimento mútuo e são reguladas de modo a que proponentes e oponentes possam examinar as pretensões de validez que se tornaram problemáticas. A decisão judicial deverá estar em consonância com esse processo de entendimento mútuo.
10. GÉNERO, ESTEREOTIPOS Y VIOLENCIA CONTRA LA MUJER
Authors: ALONSO Silvina Andrea
Published: April 2016

El artículo trata sobre género y estereotipos, y la situación actual en la Argentina.
1. OS DIREITOS HUMANOS NA VISÃO DE HERRERA FLORES
Authors: GRUBBA Leilane Serratine
Published: April 2016

O artigo tem por objeto os direitos humanos, especificamente a teoria da reinvenção dos direitos humanos, formulada pelo jusfilósofo espanhol Joaquín Herrera Flores. A partir da problematização das violações de direitos humanos, o artigo buscará apresentar, como hipótese, a teoria da reinvenção e as suas seis decisões iniciais, que problematizam e criticam a concepção de direitos humanos ocidental e universalizada. Diante disso, no primeiro capítulo será apresentada a teoria da reinvenção dos direitos humanos e se explicará os seus pressupostos éticos e epistemológicos. A ênfase será dada na concepção de direitos humanos da teoria da reinvenção. No segundo capítulo, serão abordadas as seis decisões iniciais da teoria da reinvenção, assim como a crítica formulada à concepção tradicional e universalista dos direitos e os seus pressupostos epistemológicos. Por fim, considerou-se que a teoria da reinvenção apresenta uma crítica consistente das violações de dignidade humana no mundo contemporâneo e, além disso, possibilidades teóricas novas para se pensar a garantia da vida digna.
Nutritional Recommendations—We Must Get Them Right at Last
Authors: Lardinois Claude K ,   Emeritus Professor Endocrinology Division, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, US; Medical Director, American Health Care, Rocklin, California, US
Published: April 2016

Obesity is a serious health concern and a burden on the healthcare system. Efforts by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee have accomplished little in reducing the obesity epidemic. Recommendations based on observational studies have serious flaws. Randomized controlled studies are needed but human nutrition research is very difficult to do well. The time has come to call it what it is and tell patients that they weigh too much because they consume too many calories.
Predictors of Scalp Hair Thinning in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Ikhena Deborah E , Williams Joanne , Naqvi Nighat , Pal Lubna ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, US,   Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, US,   Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, US,   Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, US
Published: April 2016

Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of perceived scalp hair thinning (SHT) among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study of women with PCOS to determine the prevalence and predictors of SHT in this population. The sample included 263 women presenting to a reproductive endocrinologist at a tertiary care teaching institution for symptoms relating to PCOS. The main outcome measures were symptoms of PCOS including SHT, quality of life, hormonal and metabolic parameters. Clinical, hormonal and metabolic predictors of SHT were determined utilizing multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: SHT was acknowledged by 27% of subjects. Advancing age (p=0.024), subjective hirsutism (odds ratio [OR] 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.91), disturbed sleep (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.1–3.4) and smoking (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.0–3.9) were associated with significantly increased likelihood of SHT (p<0.05). Serum androgen levels did not relate to SHT. On analyses adjusting for age, body mass index, race, and smoking status, abnormal two-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OR 9.9, 95% CI 3.1–30.2), serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.97–0.99), and skipped meals (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.3–7.3) were independent predictors of SHT in women with PCOS. Conclusions: Similar to acanthosis nigricans, our data identify SHT as a phenotypic reflection of concomitant metabolic burden in women with PCOS.
Application of reporter strains for new antibiotic screening
Authors: Sergiev P.V. , Osterman I.A. , Golovina A.Ya. , Laptev I.G. , Pletnev P.I. , Evfratov S.A. , Marusich E.I. , Leonov S.V. , Ivanenkov Ya.A. , Bogdanov A.A. , Dontsova O.A.
Published: April 2016

Screening for new antibiotics remains an important area of biology and medical science. Indispensable for this type of research is early identification of antibiotic mechanism of action. Preferentially, it should be studied quickly and cost-effectively, on the stage of primary screening. In this review we describe an application of reporter strains for rapid classification of antibiotics by its target, without prior purification of an active compound and determination of chemical structure
The in vivo study of the medicinal composition property of doxorubicin as a part of colloidal nanoparticles with the address fragment
Authors: Sanzhakov M.A. , Ignatov D.V. , Kostryukova L.V. , Druzhilovskaya O.S. , Medvedeva N.V. , Prozorovskyi V.N. , Ipatova O.M.
Published: April 2016

The use of targeted transport systems for drug delivery is a promising approach to improve pharmacokinetics of drug substances, accumulation in the lesion. In this study we have obtained and characterized the pharmaceutical composition of doxorubicin in colloidal nanoparticles equipped with targeted conjugates based on folic acid and biotin with dodecylamine. The inclusion of the address fragments into colloidal nanopartical was carried out without surface and drug substance modification The accumulation of anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin in tumor tissue was compared in Lewis lung carcinoma mouse models after intravenous administration of the composition of colloidal nanoparticles with targeted conjugates biotin-dodecylamine and folic acid-dodecylamine or free doxorubicin. It was shown that the doxorubicin accumulation in tumor tissue when administered in drug compositions with targeted fragments are 2 times higher for the folic acid-dodecylamine conjugate and 1.4 times higher for the biotin-dodecylamine conjugate
Effect of xenobiotics on microrna expression in rat liver
Authors: Gulyaeva L.F. , Chanyshev M.D. , Kolmykov S.K. , Ushakov D.S. , Nechkin S.S.
Published: April 2016

Using bioinformatics analysis we selected microRNAs which could bind 3'-UTR-region of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes. Three microRNA miR-21, -221, -222, their potential targets might be mRNA for CYP1A1, and two microRNA miR-143, miR-152 for CYP2B1 accordingly were selected for experimental verification. Expression level of these microRNAs in rat liver upon benzo(a)pyrene (BP), phenobarbital (PB), and DDT induction was determined using RT-qPCR method. In rats treated by both BP, and DDT the hepatic content of miR-21, -221, -222 significantly demonstrated a 2-3-fold decrease. The decrease in miR expression was accompanied by a considerable (5.5-8.7-fold) increase in the CYP1A1-mediated EROD activity. The expression of miR-143 remained unchanged after the PB treatment, while the expression of miR-152 increased by 2 times, however, the (10.5-fold) increase in PROD activity of CYP2B was much higher. In the DDT-treated liver PROD activity increased by 20 times, the expression of miR-152 didn't change, and the expression of miR-143 increased by 2 times. The bioinformatics analysis of interactions between microRNAs and targets showed that the studied miRs can potentially bind 3'-end of AhR, ESR1, GR, CCND1, PTEN mRNA. Thus, the expression profile of miR-21, -221, -222, -143, -152 might change under the xenobiotics exposure. In silico analysis confirmed, that microRNAs target not only cytochrome P450 mRNA but also other genes, including those involved in hormonal carcinogenesis, they also can be regulated with studied miRs
Effect of melatonin instillations on the clinical course of experimental uveitis and biochemical processes in tears and aqueous humor
Authors: Chesnokova N.B. , Beznos O.V. , Lozinskaya N.A. , Beyshenova G.A. , Nesterova T.V.
Published: April 2016

Acute immunogenic uveitis was modeled in rabbits via the subcutaneous and intravitreal injections of normal horse serum. We studied the effect of instillations of 0.1% melatonin solution on the clinical course of uveitis and biochemical parameters of tear fluid and aqueous humor: antioxi-dant activity, protein concentration and a2-macroglobulin level. Melatonin instillations decreased clinical manifestations of uveitis. We found that the antioxidant activity in tears of the rabbits treated with melatonin was substantially higher and the a2-macroglobulin level lower than in untreated animals. Antioxidant activity in aqueous humor taken on day 10 of uveitis was also twice higher while protein and a2-macroglobulin levels were 1.5-2 times lower than in untreated animals. These data indicate that instillations of melatonin increase the local antioxidant activity and decrease the acuity of inflammation and permeability of hematoophthalmic barrier in uveitis
Classification models of structure - P-glycoprotein activity of drugs
Authors: Grigorev V.Yu. , Solodova S.L. , Polianczyk D.E. , Raevsky O.A.
Published: April 2016

Thirty three classification models of substrate specificity of 177 drugs to P-glycoprotein have been created using of the linear discriminant analysis, random forest and support vector machine methods. QSAR modeling was carried out using 2 strategies. The first strategy consisted in search of all possible combinations from 1¸5 descriptors on the basis of 7 most significant molecular descriptors with clear physico-chemical interpretation. In the second case forward selection procedure up to 5 descriptors, starting from the best single descriptor was used. This strategy was applied to a set of 387 DRAGON descriptors. It was found that only one of 33 models has necessary statistical parameters. This model was designed by means of the linear discriminant analysis on the basis of a single descriptor of H-bond (SCad). The model has good statistical characteristics as evidenced by results to both internal cross-validation, and external validation with application of 44 new chemicals. This confirms an important role of hydrogen bond in the processes connected with penetration of chemical compounds through a blood-brain barrier
The activity of redox-regulatory systems in the tumor and its surrounding tissues in various histological types of tumor
Authors: Surikova E.I. , Goroshinskaja I.A. , Nerodo G.A. , Frantsiyants E.M. , Malejko M.L. , Shalashnaja E.V. , Kachesova P.S. , Nemashkalova L.A. , Leonova A.V.
Published: April 2016

According to modern concepts cancer is a complex dynamic system having multiple relationships with both the immediate environment and with remote nonmalignant tissues and organs. Changes in the redox balance in them can result in disruption of the normal tissue control. Understanding of the biology of redox processes in a particular tumor and its surroundings, and of their functioning mechanisms is necessary for the development of new anti-cancer strategies based on the effects on the redox state of the tumor and surrounding tissue. Thus the aim of this work was to investigate activity of enzymatic systems influencing the redox state in the tumor tissue, peritumoral area and nonmalignant tissue (taken along the line of resection) for different histological types of tumors. The data obtained showed a similar level of reduced glutathione (GSH) in tumor tissues of gastric adenocarcinoma and vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, but its dynamics in the tissues surrounding the tumor was different. In contrast to the gastric adenocarcinoma the carcinoma of the vulva had a significant level of GSH and higher activity of glutathione dependent enzymes in the tumor tissue and its peritumoral area compared with the surrounding nonmalignant tissue. The results indicate that there are differences in the functioning of the redox regulatory systems in the tumor tissue and its surrounding tissues of various histological origin and localization, possibly due to different mechanisms involved in maintenance of the redox balance in the originally nonmalignant tissue
The effect of antioxidants on in vivo and in vitro methemoglobin formation in erytrocytes of patients with Parkinson`s disease
Authors: Makletsova M.G. , Rikhireva G.T. , Poleshuk V.V. , Grjakalov K.V. , Timerbaeva S.L. , Fedorova T.N.
Published: April 2016

Methemoglobin formation was examined in erytrocytes of 16 patients with Parkinson`s disease (PD) (stage 3-4 by the Hoehn and Yahr scale). The patients receiving levodopa-containing drugs (madopar, nakom) were also treated with intramuscular injections of mexidol (daily dose 100 mg/day) for 14 days. Control group included 12 clinically healthy persons. The erythrocyte methemoglobin content was determined by electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) using the EPR signal intensity with g-factor 6.0. The methemoglobin content was significantly higher in erythrocytes of PD patients than in healthy donors. The complex therapy with mexidol normalized the methemoglobin content in erythrocytes of PD patients. Incubation in vitro of erythrocytes of donors and PD patients with acrolein increased the methemoglobin content, while incubation with carnosine normalized the methemoglobin content in erythrocytes of PD patients. Prophylactic (i.e. before acrolein addition) and therapeutic administration of carnosine to the incubation system with acrolein decreased the methemoglobin content to its initial level. Results of this study suggest that inclusion of the antioxidants mexidol and carnosine in the scheme of basic therapy of PD may reduce side effects associated with methemoglobinemia
The profile of plasma non-esterified fatty acids in children with different terms of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Akmurzina V.A. , Petryairina E.E. , Saveliev S.V. , Selishcheva A.A.
Published: April 2016

Composition and quantitative content of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were investigated in plasma samples of healthy children (12) and children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) (31) by gas chromatography (GC) after preliminary NEFA solid-phase extraction from plasma lipids. There was a significant (p<0.001) 1.6-fold increase in the total level of NEFA regardless of the disease duration. In the group of DM1 children with the disease period less than 1 year there was an increase in the arachidonic acid (20:4) content (30%) and the oleic acid trans-isomer (18:1) content (82%), and also a decrease in the docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n3) content (26% ) and the docosapentaenoic acids (22:5 n-6) content (60%). In the group of DM1 children with prolonged course of this disease the altered NEFA levels returned to the normal level
DIMENSIÓN FORMATIVA DE LA ACCIÓN ARTÍSTICA. EXPERIENCIAS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN DE CONOCIMIENTO NACIDAS EN LA NUBE
Authors: Saura Pérez María Ángeles
Published: April 2016

Disponemos de teléfonos móviles y ordenadores personales cuyo software nos permite trabajar desde casa como artistas o diseñadores. La sensibilidad y la ética pueden brillar por su ausencia, pero los abundantes recursos digitales de los que disponemos incrementan nuestra capacidad de expresión, de emitir mensajes visuales multimedia complejos. La RED, entendida como espacio artístico habitable, permite el desarrollo de proyectos sencillos pero muy eficaces para el desarrollo de nuestra capacidad de percepción visual y sensibilidad artística y social. Construimos en la nube nuestra identidad virtual. Los docentes podemos, desde ella, favorecer la integración social de nuestros estudiantes y el desarrollo de muchas competencias culturales, artísticas y digitales para el tratamiento de la información.
RESEÑA A: J. CABERO Y J. BARROSO, NUEVOS RETOS EN TECNOLOGÍA EDUCATIVA
Authors: Sánchez Antolín Pablo
Published: April 2016
Avaliação da fertilidade do solo por Agricultura de Precisão e Convencional
Authors: Sousa Saulo Saturnino , Moreira Silvino Guimarães , Castro Gustavo Franco de
Published: April 2016

O estudo de caso foi feito com o objetivo de comparar as metodologias de amostragem de solo por agricultura de precisão (AP) e agricultura convencional (AC) para avaliação da fertilidade de solos. Amostras de solo foram obtidas por AC e AP em dez áreas cultivadas com milho e soja, de forma rotacionada, em uma propriedade localizada em Inhaúma, região central do estado de Minas Gerais. As amostras foram analisadas e interpretadas com recomendação de corretivos e fertilizantes para cada uma das glebas. Comparando-se os dados médios de fertilidade entre os dois métodos de amostragem, observaram-se poucas diferenças para a maioria dos nutrientes, com exceção do P. Os resultados evidenciaram que os solos apresentam alta fertilidade, independentemente do método de análise. Os mapas de fertilidade mostraram que há diferenças de fertilidade nas glebas, com necessidade de corretivos em alguns pontos. Embora seja difundido na prática que em solos de alta fertilidade não existam benefícios em se adotar a AP, por causa do custo de amostragem, o mapeamento da fertilidade pela AP permite mais segurança na interpretação e recomendação de corretivos e fertilizantes.