bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hadis-Hadis tentang Amalan Untuk Orang yang Telah Wafat (Analisis Pemahaman Ulama Perti pada Majalah Soearti)
Authors: Saputra Edriagus , Mudin Kia , Fata Azamel
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the understanding of the hadith of the Perti scholars contained in Soearti magazine which discusses the deeds intended for the deceased, to eliminate differences among the community and can produce a complete understanding of the scholars related to the hadith. This study uses a qualitative method with a library research model (library review). Data sources consist of primary data sources, namely Soearti magazine and the main book of hadith, and secondary data sources, namely the results of relevant research from books or journals. The results of this study are about understanding the traditions of the practices carried out for people who have died, namely: first, the validity of the hadiths contained in the Soearti magazine which explains the practices aimed at people who have died are valid (Maqbul) and narrated by Imam Bukhari and Muslims. While the understanding of the hadith about the practice given to people who have died is allowed and Soearti magazine states, that the practice reaches the person who dies, so that it can provide convenience and benefits for the person who died, such as praying and reading the Qur'an. and alms and other deeds.
Pelaksanaan Sistem Kewarisan Islam di Indonesia: Analisis pada Adat Mayarakat Melayu Kota Dumai
Authors: Susanti Neneng Desi , Hasibuan Kalijunjung
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the inheritance system that has developed in Indonesia, which focuses on the Malay community in the city of Dumai. This study chose these communities due to the strength of adat which is intersecting with the system of inheritance in Islam. The research method used is qualitative based on case studies. Traditional research informants, religious leaders, and the Malay community of Dumai City. Data collection techniques using observation interviews and documentation studies.. The results of this study indicate that theoretically the kinship system in Indonesia can be distinguished into three patterns, namely the patrilineal system, the matrilineal system, and the parental or bilateral system. Malay customary inheritance law in the city of Dumai is influenced by the partilineal kinship system, also known as the sulhu distribution system. The customary inheritance law system that is used is more Islamic law where the share of men is more than double that of women. Inheritance distribution is carried out by traditional/religious leaders and attended by heirs in family meetings. By continuing to separate high inheritance, low inheritance and the inheritance of husband and wife (parents), only after that the division of this inheritance can be distributed to their heirs based on Islamic law. However, after knowing the parts of each inheritance. By continuing to maintain the house left by the heirs and still looking after one of the parents who is still alive and helping relatives who are in need or less fortunate.
Dimensi Sekularitas dan Spiritualitas: Pencarian Format Integrasi Ilmu dalam Membangun Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Nasril Yeny , Salminawati Salminawati , Usiono Usiono
Published: September 2024

Exploring the Dimensions of Secularity and Spirituality: A Series of Science Integration for Islamic Education Curriculum Development. The emergence of the terms secularity and spirituality arises because there is a stream of human understanding that seeks to separate religion from the social life of society, this concept is known as secular understanding. Conversely, there is also a human understanding that combines harmoniously between religion and social life. This understanding is certainly used as a basic material in the construction of the Islamic education curriculum. The purpose of this research is to know the concept of secularity and spirituality as well as the concept of integration of science for the construction of Islamic education curriculum. This research uses a qualitative method with a library research approach with inductive data analysis. The results of this study indicate that secularity and spirituality must have equality and harmony in the implementation and creation of the curriculum, so that it will be able to print students with understanding and religious content (spiritualization) and real life (secularity). This research can be used as a reference material in the development of Islamic education curriculum construction which currently must adapt to the times.
Islamic Communiation Strategy of Public Relations of Solok District in Disseminating Regional Development Iformation
Authors: Ardi Supri , Arif Ernita , Azwar Azwar
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze the Islamic communication strategy implemented by the public relations department of Solok Regency. Emphasizing the social construction of reality through the social constructivism paradigm, this research focuses on understanding how these strategies are formulated. This research uses qualitative research methods with descriptive methods, examining public communication management and the dissemination of development information. The analysis uses descriptive qualitative methods, including the stages of data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results revealed that it is important to understand local social and cultural dynamics in formulating effective communication strategies. The research reveals the importance of a broader stakeholder engagement approach to managing public and development communication in Solok District, which may include involving the general public, non-governmental organizations and the private sector. By encouraging such collaboration, this research argues that the effectiveness of public communication and community participation in development efforts can be significantly enhanced. This contribution highlights the need for inclusive communication strategies for successful development initiatives.
Pendidikan Multikultural Paradigma Moderasi Beragama Perspektif Imam Al-Ghazali
Authors: Irmawati Irmawati , Mardiana Dina
Published: September 2024

This research aims to analyze Imam al-Ghazali's thoughts as the foundation of the paradigm of religious moderation in multicultural education. Imam al-Ghazali is a prominent scholar who advocates views that support religious moderation, tolerance, and interfaith harmony. This research uses the literature method to analyze and summarize Imam al-Ghazali's thoughts and understand how these views can be applied in the context of multicultural Islamic Religious Education. The research findings show that Imam al-Ghazali's thought reflects a strong paradigm of religious moderation. He emphasized the importance of a balanced understanding of religion, as well as values such as tolerance, compassion and peace in Islam. These concepts have significant relevance in the context of a multicultural society, where religious and cultural differences are an unavoidable reality. Islamic education based on Imam al-Ghazali's thought can play an important role in promoting better interfaith understanding, reducing conflict, and building harmonious relationships in multicultural societies. This research underscores the importance of revitalizing the paradigm of religious moderation in Islamic education and integrating it into the Islamic education curriculum. The implications of this research highlight the need for efforts in developing Islamic education that emphasizes the values of religious moderation as a path to a more inclusive, tolerant and peaceful society in the era of multiculturalism.
O uso de tecnologias assistivas para promover a inclusão de alunos com tea na aprendizagem matemática: estratégias e desafios
Authors: Obnesorg Josiana Manuela da Silva , Melo Junior Madson Fernandes de , Zarpellon Cayttano Saul de Sá , Silva Erivonaldo Alves da , Silva Wankleber de Farias , Silva Carla Michelle da , Silva Antônio Veimar da
Published: September 2024

Este estudo investiga o uso de tecnologias assistivas para promover a inclusão de alunos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na aprendizagem matemática. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e bibliográfica, utilizou as bases de dados Scielo e Lilacs para a coleta de dados, enfocando artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos. A análise de conteúdo permitiu identificar temas como tipos de tecnologias assistivas, estratégias de implementação, benefícios e desafios. As tecnologias assistivas, como aplicativos e softwares educativos, demonstraram ser ferramentas eficazes para auxiliar na compreensão de conceitos matemáticos abstratos, seguir instruções e realizar tarefas de forma independente. Além disso, estas tecnologias promovem um ambiente de aprendizagem mais acessível e adaptado às necessidades específicas dos alunos com TEA. A pesquisa aponta que, embora existam desafios na formação de professores e na implementação dessas tecnologias, os benefícios são significativos, contribuindo para a inclusão e o desenvolvimento acadêmico dos alunos. Conclui-se que as tecnologias assistivas são fundamentais para a educação inclusiva, oferecendo suporte individualizado e melhorando a interação e o desempenho acadêmico dos alunos com TEA.
Research on the Association Analysis of Online Learning Behaviors Based on the Apriori Algorithm
Authors: Tang Zheng , Jiang Zhengwei , Li Ying , Yuan Haowei , Han Jiayu , Chen Chao
Published: September 2024

In the context of rapid development of information technology, online education has become an important driving force for innovation in the field of education. This study aims to deeply analyze the intrinsic connection between online learning behaviors and students’ academic achievements. By applying the Apriori algorithm to mine association rules in learning behavior data, it reveals the key behavioral factors affecting academic performance, providing a scientific basis for optimizing online teaching strategies and improving learning outcomes.
Design of Photovoltaic Solar Panel Intelligent Tracking System based on 51 Single Chip Microcomputer
Authors: Liang Kaicheng , Yan Luotao , Wei Weixin , Qiao Liangjie , Wang Hao
Published: September 2024

With the continuous development of renewable energy, photovoltaic power generation as an important clean energy, has been widely concerned. At present, due to the fixed position of the photovoltaic generation version after installation, it cannot follow the sun to move, making the utilization efficiency of solar energy is low. In this paper, an intelligent tracking system for photovoltaic solar panels based on 51 microcontroller is designed. The system compares the light intensity in real time by installing photoresistors on the left and right sides of the solar panels to determine the best position and control the stepper motor to rotate in this direction, so as to effectively improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy.
Modelo organizacional para evaluar la calidad de la administración en las organizaciones deportivas
Authors: Aguilera Rivera Alberto Rafael
Published: September 2024

La globalización y los avances tecnológicos han transformado el alcance de las entidades deportivas. Hoy se requiere que el análisis de este tipo de organizaciones se aborde desde teorías y modelos caracterizados por una visión moderna; su estudio debe realizarse a partir de conocimientos integrales que inicien con el análisis del tipo y la calidad de la administración con la que cuenta para operar y gestionar de manera adecuada y profesional. Esto implica que se analice todo lo que requiere la gestión y operación organizacional. El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de exponer un modelo organizacional que evalúe la calidad de la administración en las organizaciones deportivas, dado que deben operar eficientemente en ambientes muy competidos, no sólo en el espacio deportivo sino en el económico, no importando su carácter público, privado o social.  Para tal propósito se toma como referencia la teoría organizacional al respecto de la evaluación de una organización y se propone un modelo propio adecuado con sus respectivas adaptaciones, adiciones y mejoras al ámbito deportivo, para este tipo de entidades, concluyendo en el aporte que se tiene como instrumento que sirve para determinar de manera racional, coherente y profesional la calidad de administración en una organización que tiene en el deporte su razón de ser y existir.
A Study on the Evaluation of Image-Guided Treatment Use in Radiotherapy Centers in Türkiye
Authors: Şenışık Ahmet Murat
Published: September 2024

This study presents a preliminary investigation into the use of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) in radiotherapy centers in Türkiye, based on survey data. Radiation therapy technologists were administered a 67-item Internet-based questionnaire. The first five items focused on demographic data, while the remaining items pertained to IGRT applications in the clinics where the technicians worked. Statistical data of the answers obtained were used in SPSS 28.0. While evaluating the study data, descriptive statistical methods (frequency, percentage) were used. A total of 314 individuals participated in the survey, with 45.9% (n=144) being female and 54.1% (n=170) being male. The study focused on patients with stomach (20.6%), rectum (18.9%), prostate (17.6%), head and neck (14.5%), lung (14.3%), and breast (13.9%) cancers. It was observed that megavoltage (MV) ports (35.7%) were used more frequently during daily checks. It has been stated that 1-25 MV ports are drawn daily. This is followed by Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT) and kilovoltage (kV) port checks. In our country, it is seen that important steps have been taken in IGRT and its use is quite common. It has been observed that the technical infrastructure and manpower in the clinics are sufficient. It is predicted that the development of systems that reduce the doses received by patients and employees with IGRT and the development of wage policies will increase the use of IGRT. We hope that this result will be supported by future large-scale studies. Although we think that the use of IGRT is at an adequate level, there are differences in practices between clinics. It is thought that the establishment of national protocols for the use of IGRT will be in favour of patients and technicians.
A Retrospective Analysis of Cultural Patriarchy in Majid Rafizadeh’s A God Who Hates Women: A Woman’s Journey Through Oppression
Authors: Meena P. , Devi S. Rema , Rajammal P. Pandia
Published: September 2024

Cultural patriarchy is the male dominance practiced in the name of culture in a society. Majid Rafizadeh, an Iranian American author, businessman, political scientist, and academician, is known for his distinguished writings on gender equality in Middle Eastern regions. His famous novels are A God Who Hates Women: A woman’s journey through oppression and My Story of Child Marriage. The present study has chosen Majid Rafizadeh’s autobiographical novel, A God Who Hates Women: A woman’s journey through oppression, to determine a retrospective analysis of cultural patriarchy. The methodology of the present study uses textual analysis from qualitative research to analyze the selected novel. The current research emphasizes that the oppression of women is due to male dominance. Hence, the culture of that particular society instills this dominance in the minds of men. It is evident in the selected novel. Society’s culture determines the roles and performances of men and women in both private and public areas. Thus, culture influences people’s collective consciousness. Religion, on the other hand, instructs the people to follow a code of conduct to protect their cultural heritage. Furthermore, the current study analyzes the chosen novel using Judith Butler’s gender performativity theory and Raymond William’s dominant, residual, and emergent cultural concepts. The current research is an attempt to analyze cultural patriarchy to propose a solution for achieving gender equality in society.
Pembelajaran Terpadu Tipe Webbed Berbasis Permainan Tradisional untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wahyuningtyas Putri , Mustofa Ma'ruf , Anggraini Ade Eka , Dewi Radeni Sukma Indra
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan hambatan dan keefektifan dalam penerapan perangkat pembelajaran terpadu tipe webbed berbasis permainan tradisonal yang dapat diketahui dari aktivitas siswa, hasil belajar dan respon siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan Hannafin dan Peck yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu tahap pertama analisis keperluan, kedua desain, ketiga pengembangan dan implementasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN Toyoresmi Kabupatan Kediri. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V tahun ajaran 2023/2024 dengan jumlah 24 siswa yang terdiri dari uji coba terbatas 6 siswa dan uji coba luas 18 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, angket, dan adapun hasil yang diperoleh dari uji coba terbatas pada hasil belajar diperoleh rata – rata 76,6 dan 50% dan uji coba luas pada hasil belajar diperoleh rata – rata 80 dan 83,3%. Dari angket yang diperoleh, rata – rata siswa juga menyatakan bahwa pembelajaran terpadu webbed berbasis permainan tradisional yang sudah dilaksanakan dirasa mudah untuk mengikutinya, karena didukung dari cara guru mengajarnya serta BAT dan LKPD sehingga siswa merasa berminat dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Proses pembelajaran di SDN Toyoresmi berjalan dengan baik, namun juga terdapat hambatan yang terjadi berkaitan cara menghitung luas dan keliling layang – layang.
Peran Guru dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Kerja di Lingkungan Sekolah
Authors: Rizkiyana Muhammad Fadlan , Suhardi Imelda Syintha Dewy , Dewi Ratna Sari
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini membahas peran guru dalam mengembangkan karakter kerja keras di lingkungan sekolah. dan  bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana guru dapat meningkatkan motivasi siswa dan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan melalui pengembangan karakter kerja keras. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode metode kualiitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, partisipan, wawancara mendalam, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa guru memiliki peran penting dalam mengembangkan karakter kerja keras siswa melalui berbagai strategi; Guru dapat menanamkan nilai-nilai kerja keras kepada siswa melalui contoh dan keteladanan, serta melalui pembelajaran di kelas dan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, Guru dapat memberikan motivasi dan dorongan kepada siswa untuk bekerja keras dengan menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang positif dan kondusif, serta dengan memberikan penghargaan atas prestasi siswa.
Perencanaan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal untuk Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Yuniarti Nadhrah Finni , Sirozi M.
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perencanaan berbasis kearifan lokal dalam Pendidikan Agama islam (PAI) yaitu untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran PAI dengan cara mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal ke dalam proses pembelajaran. Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) memegang peran penting dalam membentuk karakter dan moral generasi muda bangsa. Guru PAI sebagai ujung tombak dalam proses pembelajaran harus memiliki kompetensi yang memadai untuk melaksanakan tugasnya secara efektif. Salah satu strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru PAI adalah dengan menerapkan perencanaan berbasis kearifan lokal. Kearifan lokal merupakan warisan budaya yang mengandung nilai-nilai luhur dan dapat menjadi sumber pembelajaran yang bermakna bagi peserta didik. Konsep perencanaan berbasis kearifan lokal untuk peningkatan kompetensi guru PAI. Dimulai dengan menjelaskan pentingnya peningkatan kompetensi guru PAI dan peran kearifan lokal dalam pendidikan karakter. Selanjutnya, dibahas tentang langkah-langkah dalam perencanaan berbasis kearifan lokal. Adapun langkah-langkahnya yaitu mulai dari identifikasi kearifan lokal yang relevan, pengembangan materi pembelajaran berbasis kearifan lokal, hingga penerapan pembelajaran dan evaluasi hasil pembelajaran dan dapat memberikan gambaran tentang potensi perencanaan berbasis kearifan lokal untuk meningkatkan kompetensi guru PAI dan mewujudkan pendidikan karakter yang berkualitas.
Pengembangan E-LKPD Berbasis Liveworksheet Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dalam Pembelajaran IPAS Materi Letak Geografis Wilayah Indonesia Kelas V SD
Authors: Bella Vanessa , Kristin Firosalia
Published: September 2024

Penelitian dan pengembangan dilatar belakangi hasil observasi yang menunjukkan bahwa LKPD yang ada pada saat ini masih konvesional yaitu menggunakan LKPD berbasis cetak sehingga kurang menarik bagi peserta didik. Hal ini juga kurang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman sekarang yang seharusnya dapat membuat LKPD yang interaktif dengan memanfaatkan teknologi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan, kepraktisan, keefektifan dari E-LKPD berbasis liveworksheet untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis pada kelas V SD. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan R&D (Research and Development) dengan model ADDIE yang memeliki tahapan yaitu analysis, design, development, implementation dan evaluation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa E-LKPD berbasis liveworksheet memiliki kelayakan untuk digunakan dengan perolehan presentase ahli media sebesar 89% dengan kategori sangat layak, ahli materi sebesar 84% dengan kategori layak, dan ahli praktisi sebesar 98% dengan kategori sangat layak. E-LKPD berbasis liveworksheet ini juga praktis untuk digunakan berdasarkan hasil respon peserta didik sebesar 91% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Keefektifan dari E-LKPD berbasis liveworksheet memperoleh presentase sebesar 61,20% dengan kategori cukup efektif.
اثر التحرش اللفظي على العامل النفسي لدى طالبات كلية علوم الرياضة في الجامعة الاردنية
Authors: انس محمد خير رشيد كايد
Published: September 2024

هدفت الدراسة التعرف الى اثر التحرش اللفظي على العامل النفسي لدى طالبات كلية علوم الرياضة في الجامعة الاردنية ، و استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي لما يتناسب و طبيعة هذه الدراسة ، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من طالبات كلية علوم الرياضة في الجامعة الاردنية مرحلة البكالوريوس والدراسات العليا وعددهم (754) طالبة  ، وتم اختيار مجموعة عشوائية مكونة من ن = (92) طالبة وتم توزيع الاستبيان الذي قام بإعداده الباحث عليهن ، ولمعالجة بيانات الاستبيان استخدم الباحث برنامج الحزم الاحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية spss للحصول على المتوسطات الحسابية و حساب معامل الثبات الفا كرونباخ  والانحراف المعياري للفقرات و الرتب و التصنيف و الاهمية النسبية ، و اظهرت اهم النتائج ان 25% من عينة البحث قد تعرضو للتحرش اللفظي و ان معايير الحكم على عبارات الاستبيان تراوحت بين (2.30-4.26) وهي بين المتوسط والمرتفع من حيث تأثر العامل النفسي من التحرش اللفظي الواقع على الطالبات ولم تظهر النتائج اي فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين طالبات الدراسات العليا و البكالوريوس كمتغير للمؤهل العلمي .و يوصي الباحث بعمل ورشات اجتماعية للتعريف و التوعية  بمخاطر و اثار التحرش اللفظي وتأثيره على العامل النفسي في  المجتمع المحلي و الاكاديمي ، ووضع و تفعيل قوانين لردع و منع انتشار هذه الظاهرة و عدم التهاون في تطبيقها ، وعمل دراسات حول اشكال التحرش اللفظي و غير اللفظي و اقتراح حلول للحد منه .
A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS AVALIAÇÕES DE IMÓVEIS NO DIREITO IMOBILIÁRIO
Authors: Monteiro Mychayanny de Almeida Santiago , Ventura João Ricardo de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

A avaliação imobiliária é um componente crítico no direito imobiliário, fornecendo uma base sólida para transações justas e transparentes. Este processo meticuloso envolve a análise de documentos relevantes ao imóvel e a realização de uma "Due Diligence", para mitigar riscos em transações imobiliárias, seja em compra, venda ou locação. Através da avaliação, determina-se o valor real do imóvel com segurança, considerando todas as regras, normas e condições aplicáveis. Isso é essencial, por exemplo, em processos judiciais de renovação e revisional de aluguel, onde a avaliação serve como meio de prova. Além disso, a avaliação imobiliária pode acelerar o processo de compra e venda, aumentando em até 70% as chances de encontrar um comprador para a região especificada. Também garante a aplicação de um valor justo em partilhas de bens e recuperação judicial, protegendo o patrimônio do proprietário de ser depreciado. O método mais utilizado é o Comparativo Direto de Dados de Mercado, que deve ser realizado conforme a norma NBR 14653, levando em conta aspectos específicos do imóvel para estipular um preço alinhado ao mercado.
CONSTIPAÇÃO INTESTINAL CRÔNICA GRAVE EM CRIANÇA: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Froes Ana Claudia Fontoura , Fradico Pollyanna Faria , Silva Vitor Aurélio de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

Neste relato de caso, observa-se uma entidade nosológica que afeta até 30% das crianças com pico de incidência na fase pré-escolar. Apesar da incidência alta, a constipação intestinal é frequentemente subvalorizada e, em casos crônicos, pode levar a dificuldade de socialização da criança, constrangimento, além de infecções e idas frequentes ao sistema de emergência. Neste relato, examinamos uma das causas de constipação crônica na infância, a doença de Hirschsprung, ou aganglionose intestinal. Através de uma análise clínica e histopatológica, acompanhamos não somente o aspecto orgânico da doença, mas as complicações sociais que a paciente apresenta. Ao final, o diagnóstico é determinado e o tratamento assim como a resposta do paciente são apresentados.
Big and Little Feet Provincial Profiles: Ontario
Authors: Dobson Sarah , Fellows G. Kent
Published: September 2024

This communiqué provides a summary of the production- and consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions accounts for Ontario, as well as their associated trade flows. It is part of a series of communiqués profiling the Canadian provinces and territories.1 In simplest terms, a production-based emissions account measures the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions produced in Ontario. In contrast, a consumption-based emissions account measures the quantity of greenhouse gas emissions generated during the production process for final goods and services that are consumed in Ontario through household purchases, investment by firms and government spending. Trade flows refer to the movement of emissions that are produced in Ontario but which support consumption in a different province, territory or country (and vice versa). For example, emissions associated with the production of an Ontario manufactured good that is exported to Quebec for sale are recorded as a trade flow from Ontario to Quebec. Moving in the opposite direction, emissions associated with the production of Alberta crude oil that is refined in Ontario and sold as motor gasoline to an Ontario consumer are recorded as a trade flow from Alberta to Ontario. For further details on these results in a national context, the methodology for generating them and their policy implications, please see the companion papers to this communiqué series: (1) Fellows and Dobson (2017); and (2) Dobson and Fellows (2017). Additionally, the consumption emissions and trade flow data for each of the provinces and territories are available at: http://www.policyschool.ca/embodied-emissions-inputs-outputs-datatables-2004-2011/.
Softwood Lumber – Some Lessons from the Last Softwood (Lumber IV) Dispute
Authors: Feldman Elaine
Published: September 2024

The checkered history of softwood lumber disputes between Canada and its southern neighbour stretches back to the 1800s, with five of them occurring since 1982. Two years ago, the settlement obtained in 2006 expired and most Canadian softwood lumber exporters now face a combined countervailing and anti-dumping duty rate from the Americans of around 27 per cent. On the surface, the last dispute, known as Lumber IV, appeared to be a squabble over subsidization and dumping of Canadian softwood lumber exports. However, closer scrutiny revealed that this dispute was really about commercial interests triumphing over policy – the U.S. lumber industry wanted to ensure it kept a certain share of the market at the highest price possible. Complicating attempts to resolve any dispute is the fact that Canada is not a single entity in the lumber business; interest in quota or duties varies across regions as do the countervailing (CVD) and anti-dumping (AD) rates that the U.S. imposes on particular Canadian producers. These variations thus create almost a divide-and-conquer situation in which one group of producers feels others are getting an advantage. The Canadian industry instead should be standing together as much as possible, creating a united front in any dispute with the U.S. Drafting new policy and resorting to litigation to settle Lumber IV failed because the potential settlement got bogged down by the drawbacks of both of those routes. Policy failed because it quickly became clear that the U.S. was going to act with impunity to determine whether there was a subsidy, regardless of what the trade rules permitted. And litigation created an endless loop in which contradictory rulings were handed back and forth between NAFTA panels and the U.S. International Trade Commission, stalling any resolution. Lumber IV also taught the Canadians that taking their complaints to both NAFTA and the World Trade Organization, which does not order a refunding of wrongly collected duties, only further muddied the hoped-for outcome. It took political will on the part of both the U.S. and Canada to finally reach a solution. Nevertheless, Chapter 19 of NAFTA played a key role in establishing the 2006 softwood lumber accord between the U.S. and Canada, and the return to Canada of approximately $4 billion of the $5 billion worth of duties deemed to have been wrongly collected by the Americans. A renegotiation of NAFTA that would see the elimination of Chapter 19, which the U.S. has called for, would make the settlement of Lumber V much more difficult, politicized and litigious. The absence of Chapter 19 could also threaten other Canadian industries should the U.S. proceed with industry requests to impose CVD and/or AD duties (Boeing and its complaint against Bombardier being the most recent example).
Social Policy Trends- Labour Force Participation Rate of Women with Young Children
Authors: Wilkins Margarita (Gres) , Kneebone Ronald D.
Published: September 2024

LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATE OF WOMEN WITH YOUNG CHILDREN In Alberta, the percentage of women with young children and an employed spouse, who are active in the workforce has remained unchanged since the early 1990s. The labour force participation rate is a measure of the percentage of a well-defined group of individuals that is an active participant in the labour force. That is to say, they are either employed or actively seeking employment. The graph shows the labour force participation rate, in Alberta, Quebec, and Ontario, of women with an employed spouse and at least one child under the age of 6 years. Data is shown for each year since 1976. In Quebec in 1976, only 30% of women with an employed spouse and a young child were actively engaged in the work force. The percentage was higher in Alberta (37%) and Ontario (40%), but still well-below what we observe today. Between 1976 and the mid- 1990s, the participation rates were increasing by similar amounts in all three provinces. Since that time, the participation rate of women with at least one young child has continued to increase in Quebec and, to a lesser extent Ontario, but it had stagnated in Alberta.
Opening Canada’s North: A Study of Trade Costs in the Territories
Authors: Fellows G. Kent , Tombe Trevor
Published: September 2024

Challenged by remote locations, small populations, rugged terrain and (at times) difficult climate conditions, Canada's territories rely heavily on imported goods to maintain their standards of living. At the same time, industries in the territories are highly reliant on access to export markets – especially the large and growing resource sectors of the region. But these trade flows face significant costs that improved infrastructure may help mitigate. A northern transportation corridor could help, and has recently gained prominence following recent reports and hearings by the Senate of Canada. The potential gains are large. This paper estimates trade costs in Canada's North. We find policy-relevant trade costs (those trade costs that policy changes may help lower) are substantial. The regulatory differences, time delays and lower infrastructure quality that inhibit trade add between 20 to 30 per cent to the cost of a delivered good for Yukon and Northwest Territories and over 60 per cent for Nunavut. Infrastructure may be a large cause of higher trade costs. We find that distance-related costs are 45 per cent higher per kilometre for trade with a territory than for trade between two provinces. The region’s economy, productivity, income and investment are significantly lower as a result. Using a detailed model of the Canadian economy, we find that lowering these barriers – such as through improving northern transportation infrastructure – could add up to $6.5 billion to Canada’s GDP, with most of that gain occurring in the territories. For the Yukon, Nunavut and Northwest Territories the gains equal about $40,000 per person, which is a 50 per cent increase in productivity. The Senate’s advocacy for reducing trade barriers is encouraging and the federal government broadly supports knocking down these barriers. It is time for all three levels of government to work together to create policies on, and funding for, improved infrastructure in Canada’s North and near-North.
Gains from Trade for Canada’s North: The Case of a Northern Infrastructure Corridor
Authors: Fellows G. Kent , Tombe Trevor
Published: September 2024

In the 19th century, building the Canadian Pacific Railroad was a crucial element for successful and profitable trade between populated and developing portions of southern Canada. In the 21st century, that crucial element could be a northern corridor that eases east-west trade through Canada’s North. Two recent Senate reports, supported by federal Transportation Minister Marc Garneau, concluded such a project could “unlock significant economic opportunities for our Country.” We explore this possibility. Canada’s North relies heavily on imports for many important goods and services, especially manufactured products, agricultural goods, and professional and scientific services. While imports account for 28 per cent of spending for Canadian provinces, that figure stands at 35 per cent for the Yukon, 39 per cent for the Northwest Territories and 40 per cent for Nunavut. Exports are also critical, especially for the Northern resource sector, which exports 80 per cent of production compared to 66 per cent for the provinces. But due to its vast geography, sparse population, challenging weather and poor trade infrastructure, the costs of trading are large; the gains liberalization equally so. In this paper, we summarize recent analysis that quantified the magnitude and consequences of trade costs with and between Canada’s territories. We find that while distance matters, it matters much more for the territories. Specifically, we find the per-mile trade costs are 45 per cent larger for the territories than the provinces, suggesting lower quality infrastructure is an important cause. The gains from lowering such costs are large. We find the combined annual GDP of Nunavut, Yukon and the Northwest Territories could increase by nearly $4.7 billion – a massive increase of roughly 50%. A northern corridor providing better trade infrastructure would benefit provinces and territories alike. And while the initial outlay for northern infrastructure including multiple transportation modes would be significant, the long-term gains in GDP may justify such costs.
Energy and Environmental Policy Trends: The Invisible Cost of Pipeline Constraints
Authors: Fellows G. Kent
Published: September 2024

THE INVISIBLE COST OF PIPELINE CONSTRAINTS Over much of the last decade pipeline constraints and the resulting apportionment of pipeline capacity have meant reduced returns on Alberta’s Oil Exports. There is a natural price discount between the US benchmark West Texas Intermediate (WTI) Crude oil price and the Canadian benchmark Western Canada Select (WCS) price. This differential reflects the lower quality of WCS relative to WTI and the costs associated with pipeline tolls to transport this oil from Alberta to US refining hubs. However, at present western Canada is experiencing significant pipeline capacity constraints which have dramatically increased this discount relative to historical levels.
Where in the World are Canadian Oil and Gas Companies? 2015
Authors: Larson Braeden
Published: September 2024

Studying the year-over-year global presence of Canadian oil and gas companies in 218 countries provides a comprehensive picture of industry trends and patterns of exploration, production and service abroad. The Where in the World (WIW) project began tracking these trends in 2011. This paper examines the 2015 data, which reveal a variety of fluctuations in the level of Canadian companies’ activities overseas between 2013 and 2015. While 161 Canadian oil and gas companies were active in 96 countries in 2015, the number of exploration and production companies operating worldwide dropped that year. However, also in 2015, Canadian production of oil, natural gas liquids (NGL) and natural gas actually grew in six out of seven global regions analyzed in this report. As well, the number of Canadian oil and gas service companies operating abroad remained stable from 2013 to 2015, even though the number of active service companies dropped in four out of seven global regions. A total of 108 Canadian companies specializing in exploration and production (E&P) were busy in 77 countries in 2015, a decrease of more than seven in two years. They produced a cumulative 1,126,648 barrels of oil equivalent per day (boe/d), which accounted for 0.79 per cent of the world’s production of oil, NGL and natural gas – a substantial figure despite a 37 per cent drop in the number of such companies since 2013. The majority of both Canadian exploration and service took place in North America, reinforcing the fact that the United States remains Canada’s largest trading partner, despite a 33 per cent decrease in Canadian exploration and production activity there. However, Europe moved up from being fifth for Canadian E&P in 2013 to third just two years later. 2015 also marked another milestone in the WIW project – it recorded the fewest number of active Canadian companies abroad since the project began in 2011. Between 2013 and 2015, 64 Canadian E&P companies ceased operating overseas. The dramatic drop globally in oil and gas prices in 2014 doubtless played a major role in this decline. Acquisitions, such as Repsol S.A.’s purchase of Talisman Energy, which removed it from the analysis after the first quarter of 2015, accounted for some of the decline. So did cessation of operations in the oil and gas industry for some companies, including those that switched to new areas of operation altogether, and relocation out of Canada for others. Shutdowns due, for example, to bankruptcy also factored into the reasons for the decline abroad. Also in 2015, 53 Canadian oil and gas service companies spread their expertise and technology among 54 foreign countries. And while their activity increased in the Americas, particularly with 22 per cent growth in the United States, it declined in the Asia and Oceania region. Overall, 2015 was notable for a marked decrease in the international presence of Canadian companies compared with 2011, the first year of the WIW project, when 255 companies were active in 106 countries.
Energy and Environmental Policy Trends: Carbon Rebates Unlikely to Undermine Incentives
Authors: Fellows G. Kent , Tombe Trevor , Boyd Brendan
Published: September 2024

Effective April 1, 2019 the Government of Canada will tax carbon emissions in Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, and New Brunswick. Ninety per cent of the revenue will be rebated directly to households. By 2022, the rebate to Saskatchewan households will average $1,400 annually.
Preparation and Characterization of Hydroxy Propyl Allyl Guar Gum
Authors: Arora Gopal , Prakash Jay , Varshney Swati
Published: September 2024

The primary objective of this work is to synthesize and characterize Hydroxy Propyl Allyl Guar Gum (HPAGG), a modified Guar gum derivative whose functional qualities are intended to be improved. To enhance its usefulness in a range of applications, hydroxypropyl and allyl groups were chemically added to guar gum during the preparation of HPAGG. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), which revealed important functional group transformations, was used to verify the structural integrity and successful modification. The derivative's thermal stability was assessed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), The process of modification resulted in morphological changes that were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). the thorough description highlights HPAGG's potential for cutting-edge applications in sectors like pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and nanocomposites . Key words:-Hydroxy propyl allyl guar gum, FTIR , SEM and TGA
Supply Chain Mastery: Strategies for Seamless Operations
Authors:   SMIT, Techno India Group (TIG), Kolkata, West Bengal, India, PIN-700091, Debgupta Dr. Indranil , Bhattacharyya Somoshree ,   Data Analyst, Satisfic Pte Ltd, 229 Mountbatten Road, Singapore-398007
Published: September 2024

Effectively integrating logistics and supply chain management is crucial for organizations to thrive in today’s dynamic global market. This study explores the synergistic relationship between these two essential areas, focusing on their interconnections and their collective impact on operational efficiency and effectiveness across various industries. Logistics operations, from raw material procurement to final product delivery, play a central role in supply chain management, with the common objective of achieving cost-effective fulfillment. This article examines the complexities of this relationship, highlighting the importance of collaboration, technological integration, real-time data sharing, and strategic planning. It further demonstrates how aligning logistics and supply chain management improves flexibility, resilience, and responsiveness. Through case studies and real-world examples, the report shows how these interdependent disciplines help organizations adapt to market changes, enhance customer satisfaction, and gain a competitive edge. Ultimately, this study contends that integrating logistics and supply chain management is a crucial factor for achieving corporate success in a complex and demanding global market. Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Logistics Integration, Operational Efficiency, Agility and Resilience, Global Market Dynamics
Uridical Reviewon Drug And Cosmetics Imported Chinese Products That Do Not Include Indonesian Language Labels
Authors: Yeyen Handoyo  , Mohammad Roesli  , Bastianto Nugroho
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to find out the consumer protection for imported Chinese medicinal and cosmetic products that do not include Indonesian language. This research uses the method. Result The form of consumer protection against the distribution of imported Chinese medicinal and cosmetic products that do not include Indonesian is a form of preventive protection, namely a form of protection with the existence of several regulations such as the UUPK, while repressive protection itself cannot be carried out optimally, this is because consumers themselves do not report when product incompatibilities occur.
State capacity, mining and community relations in Peru: How sustained multi-sectoral dialogue can help secure the country's role in global supply chains
Authors: Sabatini Christopher , Binetti Bruno
Published: September 2024

With its rich reserves of copper, Peru is poised to play a key role in global supply chains for projects to reduce carbon emissions and enable the transition to a green economy. But the polarized nature of Peruvian politics is a significant obstacle to realizing this potential. Political instability and the steady turnover of ministers and civil servants in relevant ministries over recent years have affected the capacity of the Peruvian state to promote an inclusive national vision for its mining industry. At the same time, fragmentation among political parties has hampered the capacity of the political system to represent consistent and coherent policy interests.

Ahead of presidential and parliamentary elections scheduled for 2026, now is the time to initiate a broad dialogue with different layers of society – including government, citizens and the private sector – over the future vision and agenda for Peru as a mining economy. To make this happen, this research paper argues that convening a series of broad-based multi-sectoral dialogues is essential to develop inclusive points of consensus on mining, development and to secure Peru’s place in global supply chains.
Global Value Chains, Trade and Structural Transformation in Developing Countries
Authors: Kromtit Matthew J.
Published: September 2024

The study explores the role of global value chains (GVCs) – related trade and conventional trade in the structural transformation of resource-rich and non-resource-rich developing countries. Using data from various sources the study adopts panel data fixed effects estimation to achieve its objectives. The results show that the share of domestic value added in gross GVC-related exports and conventional trade have the tendency to aggravate employment and value addition respectively in the agricultural sector of Non-Resource-Rich Countries (NRRCs). In Resource Rich Countries (RRCs), the findings show that conventional trade has negative and significant impact on value-added in manufacturing while the share of foreign value added in gross GVC-related trade reports positive and significant impact on share of labour employment in services but not on the value added in the sub-sector. Thus, developing countries must be willing to pay the huge price for correcting their structural imbalances by increasing investments in the development of domestic capabilities and infrastructure which are important ingredients for the development of GVCs and trade. Hence, the study contributes to the literature on the effect GVCs could have on structural transformation particularly in developing countries in terms of the performance of the economic sub-sectors and their employment shares. The sub-sample approach gives unique evidence on the subject as it relates to the natural resource endowments in developing countries.
Adaptación y validación al contexto de la actividad físicodeportiva española del Mindfulness Inventory for Sport en adultos practicantes
Authors: MORENO-MURCIA Juan Antonio , HUÉSCAR HERNÁNDEZ Elisa , GEA ESCÁMEZ Antonio
Published: September 2024

The objective of this study was to adapt and validate the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport (MIS) in adults in Spain,since it is the first measurement scale of mindfulness oriented to sport but there is no evidence to examine its validityin the Spanish version. For this, a sample of 337 physical exercise practitioners with an average age of 41 years wasused, who were measured the mindfulness and the level of physical exercise in free time. Various descriptive, internalconsistency, correlation and confirmatory factor analyzes were carried out. After confirmatory factor analysis, the scale(χ2(33, 337) = 175.56, p = .000, χ2/gl = 2.01, CFI = .90, IFI = .90, RMSEA = .07) presented adequate values in addition tobe invariant by sex These results support the three dimensions of the scale on consciousness, absence of prejudice andreorientation. The internal consistency obtained from the respective dimensions was above .70. Consciousness correlatednegatively with the absence of prejudices and positively with reorientation and physical exercise in free time, in addition,the latter correlated positively with reorientation. This study has made it possible to provide a valid and reliable scalewith initial evidence to evaluate mindfulness in Spanish practitioners of physical and sports activity.