bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Yaban hayatı geliştirme sahalarına ilişkin olumsuz yerel algıların belirleyicileri
Authors: Korkmaz Mehmet , Zenbilci Mevlüt , Koca Ahmet , Ünal Yasin
Published: September 2024

Günümüzde insan kaynaklı faaliyetler ile iklim değişikliği başta olmak üzere ortaya çıkan çevresel sorunlar nedeniyle doğal kaynak değerlerinin korunması ve sürdürülebilir yönetimi çok daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu amaçla bazı alanlara farklı koruma statüleri verilmektedir. Koruma statüleri, yerel halk için birtakım kısıtlamaları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu kısıtlamalar özellikle ekonomik içerikli kayıplar oluşturması nedeniyle yerel halkta koruma kararına yönelik olumsuz algılar oluşturabilmektedir. Olumsuz yerel algılar, alanın koruma hedeflerine ulaşmada önemli bir engel oluşturabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Bozdağ Yaban Hayatı Geliştirme Sahası örneğinde yaban hayatı geliştirme sahalarına ilişkin yerel algıların belirleyicileri ortaya konulmuştur. Veriler anket tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Veri değerlendirme yöntemi olarak lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre aileden göç, hayvan yetiştiriciliği, meraların yeterliliği ve yaban hayatı geliştirme sahası ilanı dolayısıyla yaşanacak gelir kaybı kaygısının olumsuz algıların oluşmasında etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Diagnostic accuracy of haematological indices in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in a resource poor setting: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nnamani Kenechi O. , Nnamani Chioma P. , Ezeudu Chijioke E. , Edokwe Emeka S. , Elo-Ilo Jacinta C. , Iloh Kenechukwu K. , Anyanwu Onyinye U. , Ekwebene Chukwudalu O. , Chigbo Chisom G. , Ugochukwu Ebelechukwu F. , Ezechukwu Clement C.
Published: September 2024

Background: Where the newer methods for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis are not available, reliability of simple and inexpensive haematological indices as predictors of neonatal infection becomes useful. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of total white blood cell count (TWBC), immature-to-total neutrophil ratio (I/T ratio) and micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (micro-ESR) in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 120 neonates hospitalized at the Special Care Baby Unit (SCBU) of a tertiary institution whose parents/caregivers wrote informed consent were recruited while neonates with gross congenital abnormalities (obvious neural tube defects, gastroschisis) and those whose caregivers refused to give consent were not recruited. A proforma was used to document neonatal and laboratory information. Data were analysed, appropriate proportions were used to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of TWBC, I/T ratio and m-ESR. Test of association for categorical variables were done using Chi-square test and T-test for comparison of mean between babies with and without sepsis. P value was set at <0.05.
Results: Associations between TWBC, I/T ratio and neonatal sepsis were statistically significant (p=0.015, 0.020 respectively). There was a statistical difference between the mean I/T ratio in babies with and without sepsis. (p=0.032). The sensitivities of I/T ratio, m-ESR and TWBC were 83.2%, 53.3% and 46.7% respectively while their specificities were 40.0%, 61.1% and 76.7% respectively.
Conclusions: Hospitals in resource poor-settings, where blood culture cannot be obtained readily, I/T ratio can be used to detect neonatal sepsis.
Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of COVID-19 patients in tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh
Authors: Dey Suman , Miah M. Abdur Rahim , Ghosh Chanchal Kumar , Danish Mohammed Reazuddin , Majumdar Meghla , Rahman Mustafezur , Tanjum Tasmia , Reza Samim
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The worldwide pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 has continued to progress and increasing information is becoming available about the incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms as well as abnormal liver functions test of the patients who are infected. Patients with severe disease are more likely to developed gastrointestinal symptoms specially diarrhea and altered liver functions test.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in COVID-19 inpatients department of BSMMU and DMCH, Dhaka. In total 140 patients, 95 male and 45 female were included in this study.
Result: About 42% patients belonged to mild COVID-19 group, 17% moderate and 41% severe COVID group. In our study 58 (41.4%) patients had diabetes mellitus, 47 (33.6%) had hypertension, 42 (30%) had ischemic heart disease, 11 (7.8%) had bronchial asthma, 8 (5.7%) was obese, 5 (3.5%) had hypothyroidism. Cough was the predominant symptoms in 114 (81%) patients followed by fever 110 (79%), shortness of breath 57 (41%), body ache 51 (36%), sore throat 33 (23%), anosmia 21(15%), others 10 (7%). Among gastrointestinal manifestations anorexia (32.1%) was most common symptoms followed by diarrhoea (29.3%), nausea (16.4%), vomiting (11.4%), abdominal pain (10%) and GI bleeding (2%). GI symptoms were the initial presentation in 18% patients.
Conclusion: This study revealed that gastrointestinal manifestations were present in a significant portion of patients. Diarrhoea was a common GI symptom. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the initial presentation of COVID-19.
Evaluation of peripheral vertigo: an observational vertigo
Authors: Sarkar Mahadev , Barman Dipjyoti , Shekhawat Sunaina
Published: September 2024

Background: Vertigo (internal) refers to the perception of self-motion even when there is no actual movement or the perception of distorted self-motion during normal motion of the head. Approximately 6.5% of individuals may encounter peripheral vestibular issues at some stage during their lifetimes.
Methods: All patients attending the outpatient department of ENT and SMCH with the chief complaint of vertigo or dizziness had been subjected to a general physical examination, local examination of the ear, nose, and throat, examination of the vestibular system, postural tests, and cerebellar function tests. Pure Tone Audiometry, VNG (Videonystagmography), and radiological investigations as per requirement.
Results: The study included 38 patients diagnosed with peripheral vertigo throughout the course of one year. Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) was the most common condition (60.5%), followed by Meniere's disease (7.9%) and acute vestibular neuritis (13.2%). Chronic Bilateral vestibulopathy, persistent perceptual postural dizziness (PPPD), and mobile third window phenomenon were less prevalent.
Conclusions: This study concludes that early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent peripheral vertigo, which is more common in the elderly population and compromises their quality of life.
Study of various reconstructive modalities in management of diabetic foots
Authors: Ghelani Nilesh B. , Shah Sankit D. , Ribadia Purandar H. , Shah Ankit N. , Patel Dhruv V.
Published: September 2024

Diabetic foot ulceration is the most common complication seen in the patient with diabetes with lifetime risk of a foot ulcer as high as 25%, which is the most critical risk factor for lower-extremity amputation. In this study, we have reviewed our experiences with diabetic foot and established an algorithm for surgical reconstruction of diabetic foot. We studied 50 patients and clinical findings based on predisposing factors, complications, treatment and sequalae were studied, analysed and discussed. Split thickness skin graft, local or distant flap surgery was planned according to patient factors. The best possible option was chosen to cover the defect. Patient was monitored in post- operative period for any signs of flap failure and appropriate measures were taken, if required to treat such complications. Out of 50 cases studied, 29 (58%) patients were managed with split thickness skin graft. 14 (28%) patients were managed with flap surgery. Various post operative complications were managed accordingly. The choice of reconstructive modality in the management of diabetic foot ulcers should be based on the specific characteristics of the wound and the patient's overall condition. Skin grafts are suitable for larger wounds over dorsum of foot and wounds over non weight bearing area of sole, while flaps provide stable, supple, durable and sensate coverage. To prevent recurrence, well-padded flap with sensate coverage is needed. Ultimately, the selection of the appropriate reconstructive modality should be made to ensure the best possible outcome for the patients.
Kimura’s disease: a rare post auricular recurrence
Authors: Patel Tithi B. , Sharma Rachit Y. , Shah Drashya V. , Shah Vipulkumar V.
Published: September 2024

Kimura's disease is a rare, chronic inflammatory condition of unknown cause, predominantly affecting individuals of Southeast Asian descent. It typically manifests in the head and neck region, presenting as deep subcutaneous nodules or masses, with peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Regional lymphadenopathy and salivary gland involvement are often associated with the disease. We report a case of a 38-year-old Indian woman diagnosed with Kimura’s disease. She presented with a painless swelling on the right side of her face, located behind the ear, which had been gradually increasing in size over six months. Routine hematological, imaging, and histopathological evaluations confirmed the diagnosis. The patient was started on prednisolone at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day, with close monitoring and additional supportive treatment. She showed remarkable clinical improvement, with a substantial reduction in the size of the swelling and lymph nodes, exceeding 50%. This case underscores the importance of considering Kimura’s disease in the differential diagnosis for middle-aged South Asian adults with gradually expanding facial swellings. It also emphasizes the significance of early diagnosis and prompt intervention to reduce complications and facilitate quick recovery.
Correlation between optical coherence tomography angiography measured vessel density and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in moderate primary open angle glaucoma cases and normal controls
Authors: Priya R Jaya , B Radhakrishnan  , Naveena M
Published: September 2024

: Aim of this study was to establish a correlation between findings obtained from Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) thickness measurements in a series of moderate Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) cases and normal controls.

In this observational cross-sectional study a total of 100 eyes were included, comprising 50 eyes with glaucoma and 50 control eyes without glaucoma. All participants underwent comprehensive anterior and posterior segment evaluations, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement using Goldmann applanation tonometer, gonioscopy, visual field testing, and OCT imaging, which included OCT-A. The OCT-A imaging was performed using the RTvue XR Avanti by Optovue. Two types of analysis were conducted: a comparative analysis between the normal and glaucomatous groups using an unpaired t-test to assess differences in RNFL thickness and vessel density values, and a correlation analysis within each group to examine the strength of correlation between RNFL loss and reduction in vascular density.

The results showed a significant reduction in vessel density index in all quadrants of glaucomatous eyes compared to normal eyes. Moreover, this reduced vessel density was found to be significantly correlated with the reduction in RNFL thickness in glaucoma patients. Specifically, the uperior and inferior quadrants exhibited the strongest correlation with each other.

The severity of vascular compromise demonstrated a significant correlation with the extent of retinal nerve fiber loss in patients with glaucoma. OCT-A can serve as a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis of glaucoma and monitoring its progression.
Comparison of retinal nerve fiber thickness in emmetropes, myopes and hyperopes using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Gunasekaran Gokulappriya , Vendhan Ezhil , Devi Sozhama , Shiva Lavanya , Kannan R Rajesh
Published: September 2024

Aim of this study was to analyze retinal nerve fiber layer thickness by using spectral domen Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in different refractive status (emmetrops, myopes and hypermetrops).

A cross-sectional study involved 150 patients aged 18-40, with and without refractive errors. Three groups (Emmetropic, Myopic, Hypermetropic) were tested using spectral domain OCT after pupil dilation, comparing RNFL thickness.

In this study, 150 participants were categorized into three groups: emmetropia, myopia, and hypermetropia. The age group most represented was 21-25 years, comprising 35.3% of the sample. Of the total, 80 were male (53.3%), and 70 were female. Among males, 22 patients were emmetropia, myopia in 31 and hypermetropia in 27. The mean axial length for emmetropia was 23.54 ± 0.48 SD, myopia was 24.53 ± 0.48 and hypermetropia was 22.36 ± 1.11. Hypermetropia was further categorized into low-grade 22.49 ± 1.06 SD, moderate 22.26 ± 1.12 SD and high-grade 22.45 ± 1.00 based on axial length.

Myopic individuals exhibited significant RNFL thinning, particularly in the inferior and superior quadrants, resembling early glaucoma-related changes. This has implications for glaucoma suspect evaluations.
A study on intraocular pressure variation in primigravida and multigravida in trimesters of pregnancy and puerperium
Authors: Samal Arun , Mohanty Asit , Sahoo Kamala Kanta
Published: September 2024

To study intraocular pressure variation in primigravida and multigravida in trimesters of pregnancy and puerperium.

This is a cross sectional and hospital based study of intraocular pressure (IOP) assessment of 693 female patients of non-pregnant, 1 trimester, 2nd trimester and 3 trimesters of pregnancy and puerperium during routine ocular examination. This study carried out in nine groups of 77 in each group.

In primigravida the mean IOP was 14.31 ± 1.78 mmHg, 14.82 ± 2.09 mmHg, 12.86 ± 1.75 mmHg in first, second and third trimesters respectively. In multigravida the mean IOP was 14.38 ±1.97 mmHg, 14.36 ± 2.01 mmHg, 12.71 ± 1.63 mmHg in first, second and third trimesters respectively. In primigravida puerperal period the mean IOP was 14.55 ± 1.88 mmHg and in multigravida puerperal period the mean IOP was 14.04 ± 2.52 mmHg. Mean IOP during whole period of pregnancy was 14.00 ± 1.87 mmHg and 13.81 ± 1.08 mmHg in primigravida and multigravida respectively. Control group IOP was 15.92 ± 2.11 mmHg.

There is a trend of decrease of intraocular pressure during pregnancy and comes towards no pregnant level during puerperal period both in primigravida and multigravida. IOP decreased more towards second and third trimester of pregnancy. There was variation of IOP in primigravida and multigravida during pregnancy and puerperium. IOP was significantly low in multigravida than primigravida. The higher IOP in primigravida could be due to antenatal and postnatal anxiety and stress and sleeplessness. Pregnancy related effect on IOP is usual phenomenon and temporary.
Expert opinion on the prescription practice of artificial tear formulations for the management of dry eye disease in Indian settings: A questionnaire-based survey
Authors: Manjula S  , Kumar M Krishna
Published: September 2024

Clinical studies suggested that Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Hyaluronic acid (HA) were equally effective in treating DED, other studies have shown that one treatment option outperforms the other.So, this study aimed to explore expert opinions on the use of artificial tear formulations for the effective treatment of dry eye disease (DED) in Indian settings, specifically focusing on prescribing practices for different severity levels of DED.

The cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study in which data was collected through a multiple-response questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 22 questions, covering various aspects such as the clinical characteristics of DED patients and the utilization of artificial tear formulations at different stages of the disease.

Among the 54 respondents, 63% of them observed a higher prevalence of DED in individuals aged 25 to 40 years. Furthermore, 77.77% of respondents identified burning or stinging in the eyes as a significant symptom of aqueous deficiency in DED patients. As a first-line treatment for mild DED, 51.85% of participants recommended 0.5% Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) eye drops, while 44.44% suggested using combination eye drops containing polyethylene glycol and Propylene glycol (PEG-PG) for moderate DED cases. In the case of severe DED, the majority (68.52%) of respondents preferred prescribing sodium Hyaluronate (SH) eye drops.

Experts have recommended the use of CMC eye drops to provide temporary relief from itchiness and pain caused by eye dryness, wind exposure or sun exposure. They have recommended the prescription of 0.5% CMC eye drops three times daily for mild DED patients.
Association of lipid profile with primary open angle glaucoma in non-obese patients
Authors: Agarwal Aashna , Singh Luxmi , Sharma Kanika , Bansal Vaishali
Published: September 2024

Hyperlipidemia has been shown to be associated with Glaucoma as well as increased intra ocular pressure (IOP). We conducted a case control study to further study the association of Lipid profile with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) in non-obese patients.

: With the approval from Institutional Ethics Committee (ICE) and written informed consent, 100 adult patients were included in the case control study. The methods applied in the study adhered to the tenets of the declaration of Helsinki. 50 non-obese POAG patients of above 40 years aged were included as cases and another 50 without Glaucoma were taken as controls. Patients were further subjected to biochemical investigation of the serum lipid profile performed by Vitros 5600.

: Mean total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were found to be significantly higher in non-obese POAG cases as compared to that in controls (p<0.05), whereas mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly lower in non-obese POAG cases as compared to that in controls (p<0.001). The odds of high cholesterol levels to be associated with POAG in non-obese are statistically significant (p<0.001).

: The study demonstrated a relationship of serum lipid levels with risk of primary open angle glaucoma.
Study of prevalence of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies in a tertiary centre: An important but often forgotten cause of ophthalmic headache
Authors: Shwetha Hebbale Ramakrishna , Bhat Archana , Ramesh Anisha , Maria Delmin
Published: September 2024

To study the presence of non strabismic binocular vision anomalies in young patients presenting with headache. 

A prospective, non-interventional study of 110 patients was conducted for a period of one year in our tertiary eye care institute after obtaining informed consent and taking into consideration the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients presenting with asthenopic symptoms were subjected to thorough ophthalmic examination. After excluding refractive errors, patients were further subjected to detailed orthoptic evaluation (including accommodation and convergence assessment). Other non-ocular causes of headache were ruled out by appropriate referrals.

Out of 110 patients, 33% were found to have accommodative insufficiency, 14% were having convergence insufficiency and 4% showed both accommodative and convergence insufficiency. 49% patients showed no extraocular muscle imbalance and were referred to relevant specialities for further evaluation.

It is important to perform a thorough evaluation of patients presenting with headache for the presence of non strabismic binocular vision anomalies after ruling out other ophthalmic causes.
Dissolution method development and validation of brexpiprazole
Authors: Patole Mansi , Bendale Atul , Pathan Vasim , Narkhede Sushil , Revar Namrata , Jadhav Anil G
Published: September 2024

A stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was established and validated for the determination of Brexpiprazole in bulk drug-using 1260 Infinity HPLC having column Hemochrom C-8, 25 cm X 4.6 mm x 5 µ, USP Apparatus Type II (Paddle), and sonicator. The prepared mobile phase was filtered as per the standard procedure. Analysis was carried out at wavelength 227 nm, flow rate 1ml per minute, 18-22 °C temperature, with an injection volume of 50 µl with time 21 minutes.

It was found that interference of diluent and placebo is not more than 0.5% of Brexpiprazole. The individual % recovery was found to be between 97.0% to 100.0%, the linearity was within the range of 10- 60 µg mL with a Correlation Coefficient of 0.999, Slope of the regression line was found to be 1299178.9578 which means all parameters were found to be within range. In precision % RSD for % released dissolution values were found to be 99.16, in robustness, all the parameters like change in the flow rate, wavelength, and in RPM shows that the developed method was robust.

The proposed approach performed well in terms of sensitivity, precision, accuracy, linearity and range, robustness. The well-known RP-HPLC method for the study of Brexpiprazole was shown to be trustworthy, as well as easy, consistent, cost-effective, and exact. For quality control or routine quantification, this method is applicable to determine Brexpiprazole in a bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. This developed method required less time.
Phytochemical characterization and biological evaluation of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) extracts: A systematic experimental study
Authors: Dwivedi Mahendra
Published: September 2024

Lemongrass () is widely used in traditional medicine, with growing interest in its pharmacological properties. This study aims to systematically investigate the phytochemical composition and biological activities of lemongrass extracts, focusing on optimizing extraction methods and evaluating their therapeutic potential.

Various extraction techniques were employed, including solvent-based methods (ethanol, methanol, and water) and green extraction approaches (ultrasound-assisted and microwave-assisted extraction). Phytochemical profiling was conducted using qualitative and quantitative techniques, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The biological activities of the extracts were assessed through in vitro assays for antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS), antimicrobial (agar diffusion), anti-inflammatory (COX inhibition), and cytotoxicity activities (on HeLa, MCF-7, and HEK-293 cell lines).

Ethanol extracts showed the highest yield of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic acids. These extracts also exhibited significant antioxidant activity with DPPH and ABTS assays. The antimicrobial tests revealed strong activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, while the COX inhibition assay indicated notable anti-inflammatory effects. Cytotoxicity studies demonstrated selective toxicity toward cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7) with minimal effects on normal cells (HEK-293).

Lemongrass extracts, particularly those obtained via ethanol extraction, exhibit promising antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. These findings highlight its potential for pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications, warranting further investigation in vivo and in clinical trials.
A novel system architecture of intelligent adaptive cruise control for safety aspects
Authors: Cihan Onur , Musul Zeynep
Published: September 2024

Following industrial and safety standards for autonomous vehicles, Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is a widely employed Advanced Driving Assistance System (ADAS) feature in modern vehicles. ACC currently facilitates speed control based on the driver's desired speed value. This study introduces a significant advancement: the Intelligent Adaptive Cruise Control (IACC) feature, accompanied by the development of a control system architecture poised to make noteworthy contributions in scientific, economic, and social dimensions through its integration into autonomous vehicles. The design incorporates crucial elements such as Traffic Sign and Limit Recognition (TSLR), ADAS features, and Global Positioning System (GPS) data, primarily enhancing driver safety through these supportive features. The main focus revolves around designing a system architecture that accommodates these new features to ensure safe driving. The creation of the IACC system architecture is approached using Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE). Through this MBSE methodology, system-level diagrams were crafted, and security considerations were systematically addressed. Several scenarios were devised to evaluate the contributions and were subsequently tested and analyzed. The architecture places particular emphasis on the security aspects of IACC. Leveraging the TSLR feature, the system interprets traffic signs and acquires speed limit data from external sources, preventing the vehicle's speed from exceeding the specified limit. The comparison between the set speed value and the speed limit ensures adherence to safety parameters.
In such scenarios, the system enhances driver support on winding roads by utilizing GPS data to recognize the vehicle in front. This approach significantly elevates the reliability of the IACC feature, particularly in terms of safety sensitivity, when compared to other adaptive cruise control concepts.
NOx emission reduction through selective catalytic reduction using copper-based Y zeolite catalyst: experimental investigation and characterization
Authors: Yakaryılmaz Ali Cem , Özgür Tayfun
Published: September 2024

Growing concerns surrounding global warming and environmental degradation have prompted the widespread adoption of various emission control methodologies, with a particular emphasis on reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) stands out as a highly effective technique, applicable not only to large-scale industrial machinery but also to smaller vehicles, aimed at converting NOx emissions into less harmful nitrogen (N2) using specialized catalysts and reductants. This particular study focuses on synthesizing copper-based Y zeolite and conducting experiments using ethanol as a reductant in the exhaust stream of a two-cylinder diesel engine operating under different loads. Furthermore, the catalyst was subjected to thorough characterization using techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis. Results indicate that as temperature and engine load increase, the efficiency of NOx conversion also improves. The highest conversion rate, reaching 94.67%, was achieved at 260°C under a 5 kW load. Additionally, average conversion rates of 90%, 90.70%, and 92.62% were observed for loads of 1 kW, 3 kW, and 5 kW, respectively. These findings not only highlight the effectiveness of SCR technology in reducing NOx emissions but also underscore the potential of copper-based Y zeolite catalysts in this regard. The comprehensive characterization of the catalyst provides valuable insights into its structural and chemical properties, paving the way for further advancements in emission control strategies.
Advancing predictive maintenance: a comprehensive case study through industry 4.0
Authors: Taş Ülge
Published: September 2024

The paper is focused on predictive maintenance in the automotive industry with a specialization in technologies related to Industry 4.0. The emergence of predictive maintenance with Industry 4.0 technologies is also called Maintenance 4.0. The article describes specific Industry 4.0 technologies, such as supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and Predictive Maintenance (PdM), that are being implemented in manufacturing companies. The sample for the case study consisted of a paint shop from the automotive sector that operates in Turkey. In the data collection step, SCADA collected data from pressure sensors to create a historical database for PdM. The purpose of this article is to illustrate, through a case study, the importance of PdM using SCADA using Industry 4.0 instruments such as the Internet of Things and big data. 18 filters, which were replaced every 6 months during preventive maintenance, are now replaced at different intervals through PDM after this study. Based on SCADA data, a total of 2 filters experience blockage in both the primer and topcoat paint processes every 6 months. Over a 12-month period, an extra 9 filters are blocked across all processes. Furthermore, within a 24-month timeframe, a total of 7 more filters become blocked in the entirety of the operational processes. The results showed that the PdM combination increased the effectiveness of care by 45.83%.
Application of Machine Learning for Crises Factor Significance Analysis
Authors: Semyonov Semyon
Published: September 2024

This paper focuses on the main factors of economic crises. The factors are analysed via machine learning models. The article provides the detailed analysis of scientific papers of applications of machine learning for crises analysis. The article discusses an application of two machine learning algorithms, decision trees and gradient boosting. Decision trees are created by dividing data into subsets based on the value of the input features. The gradient boosting is an ensemble method, which is trained by combining many small models to create a final model. A detailed analysis of scientific research of machine learning applications for crises analysis is performed. The factors consists of macroeconomic indicators, stock market data and socio-political factors. The data is analyzed using statistical time series analysis and the data is standardized for machine learning models. Model parameters are selected based on the data using cross-validation method. The most effective models are used to analyze the significance of crises factors. The results show the potential of using machine learning models in crisis analysis. The conclusion provides with a potential for development of new tools for early detection of crises and strategic planning by government agencies. Future directions for research include improvement of statistical interpretation of machine learning results, application of more complex models  and creation of real-time analysis systems.
Fundamentals of Modeling Algorithmic Decisions in Corporate Management
Authors: Romanova Anna
Published: September 2024

Since 2014, several artificial intelligence systems have been officially appointed to management positions in international companies. Thus, it can be said that a paradigm shift in management decision-making is currently taking place: from a situation where artificial intelligence simply serves as a tool to support directors or board committees, we are moving to a situation where artificial intelligence controls the decision-making process. One of the key questions now is whether it is worthwhile to deal with law as a computation at all. High-quality computational law is the most important condition for the successful development of modern human civilization. The need to create algorithmic legislation for technical systems has already been considered by famous mathematicians, in particular, Gottfried Leibniz and Pierre Laplace. Despite the fact that the great thinkers of the past were able to foresee the basic principles that could form the basis for constructing reasoning by technical systems, at that time they did not have the necessary technical and social tools. The article proposes a methodology for creating a reference book (dictionary) for formulating algorithmic foundations of management decisions. The considered reference (dictionary) model is aimed at offering a reference base for the formation of policies of autonomous AI systems, which will allow all interested users to express informed consent or disagreement with the decisions made by AI systems. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first reference (dictionary) model for modeling algorithmic decisions of autonomous AI systems for corporate governance purposes.
Discretization as a Necessary Intellectual Function in Natural and Artificial Systems
Authors: Tarasenko Vladislav
Published: September 2024

This paper addresses the formation of discrete representations from continuous processes by intelligent systems of varying natures. It explores a range of philosophical approaches—such as monism, sensationalism, dualism, physicalism, behaviorism, cybernetics, and semiotics—that present different interpretations of how intelligence and consciousness transform continuous phenomena into discrete forms. The limitations of existing theories in articulating the mechanisms underlying this transformation are critically examined.
By incorporating the concept of discretization, which is traditionally associated with digital signal processing, into interdisciplinary research on artificial intelligence (AI) and cognitive sciences, the paper provides a novel perspective on the functions of both natural and artificial intelligence. Discretization emerges as a pivotal function of AI, enabling the conversion of continuous processes into discrete representations. An analogy is drawn between the discretization occurring in human consciousness and the mechanisms employed in artificial intelligence, underscoring the significance of forming discrete representations in the realms of perception and intellectual information processing.
A discussion of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle within the context of discretization reveals how this process can lead to information loss and uncertainty within artificial intelligence systems. The concept of discretization has the potential to immensely enrich our understanding of information processing in human consciousness, elucidating how unique sensations and qualities of the perceived world are constructed, and how these processes relate to notions of self-organization and strange loops, as proposed by Douglas Hofstadter.
Furthermore, the exploration of qualia contributes to the argument that qualia—which represent a collection of conscious, subjective experiences—must inherently include a discretization function as a fundamental aspect of organizing subjective perceptions. If this proposition holds true, then the philosophical zombie presented in Chalmers's thought experiment becomes conceptually untenable, rendering his criticisms of physicalism and materialism less convincing.
This research offers new avenues for exploring the interaction between continuous and discrete phenomena, thereby proposing directions for future investigations in the philosophy of consciousness and the cognitive sciences.
O direito ao esquecimento, a internet e suas interfaces com a sustentabilidade
Authors: Cristina Suzin Jaine , Márcio Cruz Paulo
Published: September 2024

As transformações tecnológicas, que têm conduzido a humanidade à atual era digital, provocam mudanças nas relações sociais, na política, na economia, na educação e em inúmeras outras searas do convívio humano e demandam do Direito solução por novos meios de pacificação social, uma vez que os antigos já não são mais capazes de mitigar como dantes. O presente trabalho tem por objeto a análise da insustentabilidade do Armazenamento de Dados na Internet para o meio ambiente. Nesse sentido, é estudada a viabilidade do Direito ao Esquecimento enquanto ferramenta para a emergência da Sustentabilidade, o qual tem a capacidade de minimizar a disponibilização de informações pessoais que causam constrangimento aos seus titulares, além de contribuir a efetivação das dimensões ambiental, social e econômica da sustentabilidade. Essa constatação evidencia-se diante da redução dos gastos energéticos e uso de materiais não renováveis, mais qualidade de vida para os cidadãos que preferem não ser expostos à rede mundial de computadores, e a redução dos custos de manutenção dos data centers.
Interseção entre a teoria do reconhecimento de Axel Honneth e os direitos da personalidade
Authors: Siqueira Dirceu Pereira , Silva Juvêncio Borges , Pomin Andryelle Vanessa Camilo
Published: September 2024

Neste trabalho, é abordada a relação entre a teoria do reconhecimento de Axel Honneth e os direitos da personalidade, tendo em vista que tanto aquela quanto estes pretendem promover as características singulares do ser humano em um contexto de intersubjetividade. Assim, o objetivo geral da pesquisa é verificar se a teoria do reconhecimento de Axel Honneth articula-se com a proteção dos direitos da personalidade. Como objetivos específicos, tem-se: a) verificar alguns contributos filosóficos para a formação da teoria do reconhecimento; b) examinar ingerências da sociedade nas singularidades do indivíduo e c) analisar como a luta por reconhecimento conecta-se com a proteção dos direitos da personalidade. A pesquisa é exploratória e a técnica de pesquisa empregada é a documental, de abordagem qualitativa. Utiliza-se, também, o método dedutivo, partindo-se da hipótese que a teoria do reconhecimento está amalgamada aos direitos da personalidade porque estes visam tutelar atributos únicos do indivíduo, sem os quais este seria um todo irrealizado.
Economia gig e a vida laboral digital: qual é o futuro da regulação normativa?
Authors: De Carvalho Ramos André , Bucci Daniela
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo analisa como o Estado (ou de associações de Estado em processos de integração) reage em relação à falta da proteção tradicional conferida aos trabalhadores pelo regime jurídico dos direitos humanos, no que diz respeito aos direitos trabalhistas, nos denominados “mercados laborais digitais” e se os “trabalhadores de aplicativos” devem ter seus direitos sociais protegidos de forma ampla. Nesta perspectiva, analisou-se a regulação futura da União Europeia e a regulação brasileira sobre o tema, neste caso, notadamentedos precedentes judiciais; buscou-se ainda traçar os parâmetros normativos internacionais sobre os direitos econômicos e sociais, inclusive aqueles identificados na Opinião Consultiva n. 27 da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos e o conceito de gig economy e as novas dinâmicas das relações de emprego na era digital, destacando o fenômeno da uberização do trabalho. O método utilizado é empírico qualitativo por dedução.
Interaksi Nisbah Daun: Buah dan Perlakuan Pupuk Daun pada Kualitas Buah Abiu (Pouteria caimito Radlk.)
Authors: Thamara Aria , Susanto Slamet , Matra Deden Derajat , Widodo Winarso Drajad
Published: September 2024

Abiu (Pouteria caimito Radlk.) is a plant of Sapotaceae family that can be consumed fresh, processed, or as a medical product. The fruit and leaves of this plant contain bioactive compounds. This research aims to inform the interaction between leaf:fruit ratio treatment and foliar fertilizer on the quality of the abiu fruit. The study was conducted at Kebun Balungbang Jaya, Dramaga, Bogor, West Java Province, from July 2022 to November 2022. The experiment used a factorial split plot design. The main plot was a leaf:fruit ratio treatment (N1, 45 leaves:1 fruit, and N2, 30 leaves:1 fruit) on each tertiary branch, and the tiller plot was foliar fertilizer (P1: 1 g L-1, P2: 2 g L-1, and P3: 3 g L-1), which consisted of 3 replications. The results showed that treatment of the leaf-fruit ratio and foliar fertilizer did not affect the quality of the abiu fruit. The interaction between leaf:fruit ratio and foliar fertilizer had a significant effect on ATT, as indicated by the lowest acidity value in the leaf:fruit ratio treatment of 45:1 and a fertilizer concentration of 1 g L-1 with a value of 0.12% but has no significant effect on the external and internal quality of other fruits.
 
Keywords: Bioactive compounds, sapotaceae, tertiary branch, titratable acidity
Respons Agronomi dan Fisiologi Genotipe Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Budi Daya Berkelanjutan
Authors: Subarjo Subarjo , Dulbari Dulbari , Dewi Ratna
Published: September 2024

Efforts to maintain rice production in the future face many challenges, including the availability of increasingly narrow land, attacks by plant pest organisms, and declining land fertility due to improper cultivation systems. More than 70% of rice fields are in a disturbed ecological status due to cultivation technology that could be more environmentally friendly, which can interfere with the sustainability of rice self-sufficiency. An environmentally friendly rice cultivation system needs to be developed. This study aims to measure the agronomic and physiological responses of 3 rice genotypes in sustainable cultivation systems. The experiment used a Group Random Design on 3 rice genotypes (black, red, and white) in both conventional and sustainable cultivation systems.  The research was carried out in the experimental garden of Polinela Organic Farm, Lampung State Polytechnic, from September 2020 to September 2021. The results showed that the plant, leaf greenery, number of tillers, number of panicles, grain weight per panicle, and biomass weight were not significantly different between conventional and sustainable cultivation. At the same time, the harvest and production indices per hectare were significantly different. The physiological responses to the photosynthesis and transpiration rates differed markedly in conventional and continuous cultivation. In contrast, the conductance of stomata did not differ significantly in both cultivation systems. The red rice genotype is the best, and it has a broader adaptation to conventional and sustainable cultivation systems.
 
Keywords: agronomy, conventional sysem, physiology, rice genotype, sustainable system
Pengaruh Bokashi Limbah Kulit Kopi pada Bibit Pepaya (Caraca Papaya L.) Calina
Authors: Suhada Hadisfied Rama , Trisnaningsih Umi , Wahyuni Siti
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of the proportion of coffee peel bokashi in the planting medium on the growth of papaya plant seedlings (Carica papaya L.) cv Calina. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture Screenhouse on Jalan Perjuangan, Cirebon City, at an altitude of 5 m above sea level. The research was conducted from May 2022 to June 2022. The experimental method used with a completely randomized design. The treatment consisted of 4 proportions of bokashi in the planting media, each of which was repeated 6 times so that there were 24 experimental units. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 polybags. The total papaya plant seeds used were 240 seeds. The treatments studied were: K0 = top soil, K1 = 250 g bokashi + 1 kg soil, K2 = 500 g bokashi + 1 kg soil, and K3 = 750 g bokashi + 1 kg soil. The results showed that the proportion of coffee peel waste bokashi significantly affected the growth of papaya plants. Using 500 g coffee skin waste bokashi in 1 kg of soil had the best effect on plant height, stem diameter, plant growth rate, number of leaves, root volume, root length, root ratio, and net assimilation rate.
 
Keywords: coffee peel, bokashi, papaya
Aplikasi Ekstrak Mimosa invisa L. dan Pupuk NPK Dosis Rendah dalam Pengendalian Hama dan Patogen Padi Gogo
Authors: Rahayu Ahadiyat Yugi , Djatmiko Heru Adi , Syarifah Risqa Naila Khusna
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of Mimosa invisa L. weed extract application and a low dose of NPK fertilizer on the intensity of pest attack and pathogen infection on upland rice. This research has been done using Split Plot Design with 3 replications. The main plot was the dose of NPK fertilizer (50% and 100% NPK). The subplot was the concentration of weed extract (0, 1.25, 1.67, 2.5, and 5% concentrations). The variables observed include the intensity of grasshopper and case worm attack, Cercospora sp. that causes brown spots, and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae that causes bacterial leaf blight. The results showed that the application of weed extract under a low dose (50% NPK) has not been able to suppress the intensity of grasshopper and case worm attacks, and the intensity of the pathogen causes brown spots and bacterial leaf blight. However, 2,5% and 5% concentrations of weed extract can potentially suppress pathogen infection that causes brown spots on upland rice.
 
Keywords: grasshopper, brown spots, Mimosa invisa L.weed extract, case worm, bacterial leaf blight, NPK fertilizer
Efektivitas Bahan Pembenah Tanah pada Dinamika Fosforus dengan Perunutan Isotop 32P dan Hasil Jagung di Ultisol Jasinga
Authors: Robifahmi Nur , Hanani Muftia , Bachtiar Taufiq , Flatian Anggi Nico
Published: September 2024

Soil conditioners can accelerate the recovery of soil physical, chemical, and/or biological quality, thus optimizing soil productivity. The 32P isotope tracing technique was used to determine the contribution of P from soil amendments in the form of lime, biochar, and compost, as well as to study their effects on P fertilization efficiency and corn yield. The treatments included lime, biochar, compost, and combinations of these three materials. The parameters analyzed were corn yield and P contribution from P sources. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of soil amendments to increase P uptake, growth, and yield of corn, as well as to determine the P contribution from lime, biochar, and compost to corn plants using the 32P isotope tracing technique. The results on Ultisol soil from Jasinga, Bogor, showed that the combination of 3 t ha-1 lime + 15 t ha-1 biochar + 15 t ha-1 compost resulted in the highest grain weight of 45.942 g per plant; the contribution of P from the carrier materials to the grain of the combination of 3 t ha-1 lime + 15 t ha-1 biochar + 15 t ha-1 compost was 44.945 mg per plant. In conclusion, the combination of these soil conditioners can increase P availability and corn production on Ultisol soil from Jasinga, Bogor.
 
Keywords: soil conditioner material, 32P isotope tracer technique, Ultisols
Impact of petroleum contamination on soil properties in Absheron Peninsula, Azerbaijan
Authors: Guliyev Alovset , Islamzade Rahila , Suleymanova Parvana , Babayeva Tunzala , Aliyeva Azade , Haciyeva Xayala
Published: September 2024

This study aims to assess the extent of hydrocarbon and heavy metal contamination in soils from specific areas on Azerbaijan's Absheron Peninsula, including Absheron, Suraxanı, and Baku, and to evaluate the impact of this contamination on soil properties. Soil samples were analyzed for Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) and heavy metals, including aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and iron, alongside assessments of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. The results revealed significant contamination across all studied areas, particularly in Suraxanı, where TPH levels reached 190 ± 20 mg/kg, exceeding the environmental standard of 100 mg/kg. Similarly, Suraxanı soils exhibited alarmingly high concentrations of heavy metals, with aluminum at 30,128 ± 1,500 mg/kg, arsenic at 50.94 ± 2.5 mg/kg, and cadmium at 0.153 ± 0.01 mg/kg, all surpassing acceptable limits. These contaminants severely degraded soil health, evidenced by increased bulk density (1.7 g/cm³ in Suraxanı) and reduced soil porosity. Microbial activity, a key indicator of soil fertility, was also markedly lower in contaminated regions, with the total bacterial count in Suraxanı being less than half that of the uncontaminated area. The findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive soil management practices and stricter environmental regulations to mitigate contamination's adverse effects and protect both ecosystems and public health in Azerbaijan’s petroleum contaminated areas.