bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Financial management methods and ways to optimize costs
Authors: Sukhina Nadezhda , Lebedeva Ekaterina , Zhuravlev Pavel , Chernykh Inna , Kotova Xenia , Hajiyev Hafis
Published: January 2022

The article discusses financial management methods and ways to optimize costs. Management of the cost of production of enterprises is a systematic process of formation of costs for the production of all products and the cost of individual products, control over the fulfillment of tasks to reduce the cost of production, identification of reserves for its reduction. Enterprise cost management is a component of the enterprise management system as a whole. Therefore, in general terms, let us dwell on some aspects of enterprise management in order to understand the essence of cost management. Management - the activities of an enterprise aimed at realizing the objectives of the management object, subject to the rational use of available resources.
Family legal protection against domestic violence: Protective measures and some processual aspects of the procedure
Authors: Ćorac Sanda
Published: January 2022

Domestic violence is a widespread and deeply rooted social problem. With the aim of stopping violence and preventing further manifestations of domestic violence, the Family Law prescribes protection measures, but also a special procedure for protection against domestic violence. The goal of this paper is to analyze some processual aspects of this procedure and the challenges that the courts are faced, especially as regards the beginning of the procedure, i.e. a legal nature of lawsuits for protection against domestic violence, a special urgency of the procedure and deviations from the principle of disposition, as well as the measures for protection against domestic violence and the criteria by which the court is guided in the procedure of their passing.
Significance of the "pollutant pays" principle and the analysis of the European framework for a civil liability for damages caused by activities dangerous to the environment
Authors: Drašković Bojana , Perović Olga
Published: January 2022

The right to a healthy environment is an absolute priority of the modern society. A specific economic instrument aimed at protecting the environment at a global level is the compensation for environmental pollution, based on a principle of environmental protection called "pollutant pays". The essence of a civil liability for environmental damage is that potential pollutants should adjust their activities to the requirement of causing minimal changes in the environment and reducing the risk of damage to a minimum. In addition to the significance and characteristics of the "pollutant pays" principle, the paper presents the provisions of the Act on Environmental Protection. There is also included an analysis of the provisions of the Convention on civil liability for damage caused by environmental hazards, and the provisions of the Environmental Liability Directive related to the protection and elimination of environmental damage.
Detection, consequences and influence of injuring a child by a corporal punishment as a method of upbringing
Authors: Petrović Katarina
Published: January 2022

Upbringing of a child and choosing a method, consciously or unconsciously, has existed since parenting. The aim of this paper is to present the choice of a violent method in upbringing - a corporal punishment of a child, the way how it affects a child's development and consequences it can cause. Having in mind the complex and sensitive character of the phenomenon, the topic was explored from the aspect of a legal science, but also from the point of non-legal disciplines, such as psychology, sociology of a family and pedagogy. Observations of the achievements from the point of a child`s psychology are of an exceptional importance for the analysis of the consequences that a corporal punishment has on a child. The conclusion indicates that, although the family environment is the most desirable environment for a child, the choice of violent methods in education affects the proper growth and development of children, and it can lead to both temporary and permanent consequences related to a child`s mental and physical health as well as its emotional development. There are difficulties in determining how violent parenting affects a child's emotional and physical safety and health, unless the result is a more serious physical injury or death. Although the responsibility lies primarily with the family and the activities of the parents, in practice, the most desirable approach is a close cooperation of all adults working with children, including educators, doctors and the whole society.
Correction: Agencification of public administration in the transition process (2021, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 108-118)
Authors: Editorial board
Published: January 2022

In the article of the author Škorić Milica PhD under the title "Agencification of public administration in the transition process" published in the journal Law - theory and practice(issue number 3, vol. 38, p. 108). Due to the technical mistake the incorrect DOI has been published. The Editorial board apologies to the author and our readers. Instead 10.5937/ptp21031085 correct DOI is 10.5937/ptp2103108S.
Rekonstrukcija polusastavljenog pisanja i pisanje diverba (verbalizacija teksta Njegoševog Šćepana Malog)
Authors: Marojević Radmilo
Published: January 2022

U ovom radu razmatra se tekstologija riječî koje nisu potpuno srasle te se pišu sa crticom (divizom), kao i pisanje diverba, specifičnih sraslica u kojima se ostvaruju tautovokalski i heterovokalski diftonzi. U radu se primjenjuje poredbena analiza primjerâ iz Šćepana Malog s kontekstima iz prethodna dva Njegoševa spjeva - Gorskog vijenca i Luče mikrokozma i iz srpske narodne balade o plemenitoj Asan-aginici
Attachment style and partnership success: The mediating role of forgiveness
Authors: Ranđelović Kristina , Goljović Nikola , Mladenović Nataša
Published: January 2022

A successful partnership implies one's ability to attract and retain a partner. Readiness to forgive contributes to the renewal and improvement of broken relationships, while an attachment style plays an important role in the formation of internal 'working models' that serve as 'guidelines' for the formation of new relationships. The goal of this study was to investigate whether there is a connection between attachment and success in maintaining a partnership, and if so, whether that relationship is direct or mediated by the capacity to forgive. Based on the results obtained with the Mediation Analysis with Multiple Mediators, we found that insuffcient effort in the process of finding a partner is not directly associated with Avoidance, i.e., the negative working model of others; this connection is created indirectly through the strategy to avoid forgiveness. The sample used in this study is representative and included 387 participants, 82,7% of which were female participants between 18 and 40 years of age (AS = 23,90; SD = 4,22). The instruments used were the Mating Effort Scale (Apostolou et al., 2018), Partner Selectivity Scale (Apostolou et al., 2018), the Scale for Success in Finding a Partner (Apostolou et al., 2018), the Tendency to Forgive Scale (McCullough, Root, & Cohen, 2006), Affective Partner Attachment Scale (Brennan, Clark & Shaver, 1995). The results obtained indicate that insufficient effort in the process of finding a partner is not directly associated with Avoidance; this connection is created indirectly through the strategy to avoid forgiveness (ab=-,043, [-,077, -,017]). As for the connection between Effort and Anxiety, it is mediated by the Revenge dimension (ab = -,051, [-,080, -,026]). Forgiveness avoidance has been shown to be a statistically significant mediator in the relationship between Failure to Find a Partner and Avoidance (ab = -,029, [-,052, -,010]). All obtained mediations are partial. This research shows that success in maintaining a relationship, selectivity when looking for a partner and the effort invested to start and maintain a relationship are closely associated with a person's emotional development: his/her vision of him/ herself, vision of others and emotional capacity developed through life, such as the tendency to forgive. The findings of this research would be much more valuable if the research was conducted on both partners in a certain relationship and if the situation related to forgiveness was kept under control, which is a recommendation for other studies.
Implementation of INHERET, an Online Family History and Cancer Risk Interpretation Program for Primary Care and Specialty Clinics
Authors: McCain Lynn A. , Milliron Kara J. , Cook Amanda M. , Paquette Robert , Parvaz Jasmine B. , Ernst Susan D. , Kittendorf Anne L. , Harper Diane M. , Zazove Phillip , Arthurs Jim , Tippie Jerry A. , Hulswit Bailey , Schroeder Lee F. , Keren David F. , Merajver Sofia D.
Published: January 2022

Background: Individuals at increased risk for cancer are ascertained at low rates of 1% to 12% in primary care (PC). Underserved populations experience disparities of ascertainment, but data are lacking. INHERET is an online personal and family history tool to facilitate the identification of individuals who are eligible, according to guidelines, to be counseled on germline genetic testing and risk management. Patients and Methods: INHERET data entry uses cancer genetics clinic questionnaires and algorithms that process patient data through NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology and best practice guidelines. The tool was tested in silico on simulated and retrospective patients and prospectively in a pilot implementation trial. Patients in cancer genetics and in PC clinics were invited to participate via email or a card. Informed consent was completed online. Results: INHERET aimed to integrate patient data by algorithms based on professional and best practice guidelines to elicit succinct, actionable recommendations that providers can use without affecting clinic workflow or encounter length. INHERET requires a 4th-grade reading level, has simple navigation, and produces data lists and pedigree graphs. Prospective implementation testing revealed understandability of 90% to 100%, ease of use of 85%, and completion rates of 85% to 100%. Physicians using INHERET reported no added time to their encounters when patients were identified for counseling. In a specialty genetics clinic, INHERET’s data were input, on average, within 72 hours compared with 4 to 6 weeks through standard care, and the queue for scheduling patients decreased from 400 to fewer than 15 in <6 months. Conclusions: INHERET was found to be accessible for all education and age levels, except patients aged >70 years, who encountered more technical difficulties. INHERET aided providers in conveying high-risk status to patients and eliciting appropriate referrals, and, in a specialty clinic, it produced improved workflows and shortened queues.
Sistemas de manejo e parâmetros da matéria orgânica de um solo do cerrado baiano, Brasil
Authors: Feitosa Júnior Francisco Rubens , Reis Diony Alves , Portella Roberto Bagattini , Santos Jackson Roberto de Souza , Perina Fabiano José , Bogiani Júlio Cesar
Published: January 2022

Este trabalho objetivou avaliar um Latossolo Vermelho-amarelo de textura Franca-arenosa no Oeste da Bahia, Brasil, cultivado com soja (S) sob plantio convencional (PC) e sistema plantio direto (SPD), utilizando como parâmetros, o Carbono Orgânico Total (COT), a Biomassa Microbiana do Solo (BMS), a Respiração Basal do Solo (RBS), o Quociente Microbiano (qMic), o Quociente Metabólico (qCO2), a Densidade do Solo (Ds) e os Estoques de Carbono (Est_C). O delineamento experimental foi de casualização por blocos com quatro repetições sendo os tratamentos T1: Soja sob Plantio Convencional (S_PC) e T2: Soja sob Sistema Plantio Direto (S _SPD), tendo como referência, um Cerrado nativo (CN), de fitofisionomia 'Campo sujo', adjacente à área experimental. Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas camadas 0,00 a 0,05; 0,05 a 0,10 e 0,10 a 0,20 m. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à ANOVA e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Duncan ao nível de significância de p ≤ 0,05. Os resultados evidenciam que o SPD, em relação ao PC, promove os valores do COT, da BMS, do qMic e reduz os valores de qCO2 nas camadas do solo avaliado. Além disso, o SPD promoveu os valores dos Est_C, contrastando com os valores observados no solo sob PC. Conclui-se que a SPD melhora a qualidade do solo em comparação ao PC, porque favorece os estoques de carbono.
Socialfaglig analyse – processer, vidensformer & perspektiver i myndighedsarbejdet på børne- og ungeområdet
Authors: Matthiessen Annemette , Andersen Lotte , Schnohr Katrin Leicht
Published: January 2022

Social analyse anses for en kernekompetence i myndighedsarbejdet på børne- og ungeområdet. Forfatterne har i en forskningsoversigt undersøgt, hvordan socialarbejdere med myndighedsopgaver på børn- og ungeområdet udfolder social analyse i praksis og er nået frem til tre pointer, som sætter spørgsmålstegn ved det eksisterende professionsideal om social analyse. Pointerne handler om idealet om, at socialarbejderen kan arbejde med en klar opdeling i beskrivelse, analyse og vurdering, at fælles metoder og redskaber kan være et vigtigt supplement til socialfaglige skøn i arbejdet med systematik, og endelig at vidensgrundlaget for sagsarbejdet i stigende grad lader til at være kollektivt organiseret og sanktioneret fremfor at være individuelt.
Las propuestas de políticas económicas alternativas en América Latina: el caso de México.
Authors: Vidal Gregorio
Published: January 2022

En el texto se analiza el proyecto de política económica que se está ejecutando desde finales de 2018 por el gobierno de México. Es una propuesta que expresamente y según sus propios términos se distancia del neoliberalismo. Es el caso de otros proyectos de gobierno presentes en varios países de la región durante gran parte de la primera década hasta mediados de la pasada del siglo actual. En todos los casos son propuestas específicas que toman distancia de diversos elementos de la agenda del Consenso de Washington. A la fecha en México, cómo en otros países del área se lleva adelante la política económica alternativa en condiciones de un débil crecimiento, presente aún antes de la pandemia de COVID-19. El proyecto contempla una notable redistribución del gasto público, destinando recursos a un conjunto de programas sociales que buscan atender a sectores específicos de la población, principalmente por medio de transferencias directas de efectivo. Igualmente, se considera una recuperación del sector energético dotando a las empresas del Estado de la capacidad para satisfacer la demanda interna de gasolinas y otros petrolíferos, como de organizar y dirigir el sistema de generación, distribución y comercialización de electricidad. Además de la redistribución del gasto público no hay cambios relevantes en materia de política fiscal y, menos aún, de política monetaria. Entre los resultados está una tendencia a la baja en la inversión como proporción del PIB. Es un contexto en el que será muy difícil tener un crecimiento económico importante que fundamente mejoras en la distribución del ingreso y creación de instituciones que den soporte a un amplio Estado de Bienestar.
El Castell d’Amor al "Tirant lo Blanch" (capítols LIII-LV): espectacle, iconografia i literatura
Authors: Mahiques Climent Joan
Published: January 2022

Una celebració festiva del Castell d’Amor, esdevinguda el 1215 a Treviso, consistí a dramatitzar una batalla d’homes que assetjaven un castell defensat per dones, que llançaven als contrincants flors o altres objectes inofensius. Altres testimonis medievals posteriors atorguen a aquest patró un embolcall cortesà —el déu Amor és senyor de la fortalesa— i també una lectura al·legòrica del matrimoni com a punt de trobada per als promesos. El Tirant lo Blanch desenvolupa aquests matisos als capítols liii-lv. Més concretament, en un dels nombrosos espectacles programats per celebrar unes noces reials, diversos grups de gent armada intenten, un grup rere d’altre i sense aconseguir-ho ningú, entrar per força en un castell de fusta governat pel déu Amor. Després, la reina, acabada de casar, s’atansa al castell i adreça al déu pagà unes paraules que el convencen perquè obri la porta a ella i a tothom. Amb aquesta tradició al·legòrica també s’hauria de relacionar un altre setge amorós representat al capítol ccccxxxiv, que oposa els fets d’armes de Tirant a les paraules suplicants de Carmesina. A més, tots aquests episodis adapten referents sacres a la casuística de l’amor cortès. Aquest article té l’objectiu de contextualitzar i interpretar el passatge tirantià del Castell d’Amor a la llum de la literatura, la iconografia i la pompa cívica a l’edat mitjana.
Caylus y el "Tirant": un anticuario universal y una novela
Authors: Montoya Uriarte Huayta
Published: January 2022

En este artículo estudiamos la figura de Anne-Claude-Philippe de Tubières de Grimoard de Pestels de Lévis, Conde de Caylus (París, 1692-1765), en su interés por la literatura y las antigüedades de Valencia. Primero presentamos una breve semblanza biográfica del personaje; luego revisamos su participación en la primera edición y traducción francesa del Tirant lo Blanc, y finalmente, lo recordamos difundiendo los hallazgos arqueológicos de Sagunto. Ponemos al personaje en relación con Nicolas Fréret y Jean-Baptiste Souchay, y con Gregorio Mayans y Manuel Martí. Además, con su tío, el Duque de Caylus, gobernador de Valencia.  Las relaciones quedan establecidas a los dos lados de los pirineos.
Historia y propaganda: el prólogo del libro de caballerías
Authors: Izquierdo Andreu Almudena
Published: January 2022

Este artículo presenta las conclusiones de mi tesis doctoral. Tras el análisis del conjunto de prólogos de libros de caballerías castellanos, se muestran los resultados obtenidos en relación con la presencia de elementos ligados a la realidad histórica coetánea de las obras, que va unida a las menciones de tipo propagandístico que buscan ensalzar a los destinatarios de los textos y a sus familias. El prólogo caballeresco da un paso más allá de los tópicos retóricos habituales para entablar una conexión con diferentes aspectos históricos reales. Finalmente, se ofrece un panorama evolutivo de los acontecimientos culturales e ideales caballerescos a lo largo del Quinientos.
«Como oiréis adelante se dirá»: nacimiento del héroe y profecías en "Philesbián de Candaria" (1542)
Authors: Tomasi Giulia
Published: January 2022

En el artículo se deslindan algunas de las estrategias narrativas utilizadas por el anónimo autor de Philesbián de Candaria (1542), con las que se crea una mayor expectación hacia la segunda parte de la obra, de la que no se tiene noticia. Se analizan las profecías en las que se aprecia la virtualidad de una serie de acontecimientos por venir y se destacan los motivos del nacimiento del héroe epónimo, en los que se vislumbra el cambio de rumbo que supondría el relevo generacional del hipotético segundo libro.
Subcellular proteomics of dopamine neurons in the mouse brain
Authors: Hobson Benjamin D , Choi Se Joon , Mosharov Eugene V , Soni Rajesh K , Sulzer David , Sims Peter A
Published: January 2022

Dopaminergic neurons modulate neural circuits and behaviors via dopamine (DA) release from expansive, long range axonal projections. The elaborate cytoarchitecture of these neurons is embedded within complex brain tissue, making it difficult to access the neuronal proteome using conventional methods. Here, we demonstrate APEX2 proximity labeling within genetically targeted neurons in the mouse brain, enabling subcellular proteomics with cell-type specificity. By combining APEX2 biotinylation with mass spectrometry, we mapped the somatodendritic and axonal proteomes of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Our dataset reveals the proteomic architecture underlying proteostasis, axonal metabolism, and neurotransmission in these neurons. We find that most proteins encoded by DA neuron-enriched genes are localized within striatal dopaminergic axons, including ion channels with previously undescribed axonal localization. These proteomic datasets provide a resource for neuronal cell biology, and this approach can be readily adapted for study of other neural cell types.
A Study on Moral Education Planning Program in Bangladesh: Based on Total Quality Management
Authors: Billah Md. Masum , Rezaull Karim Mohammad
Published: January 2022

This qualitative research is intended for further study to further strengthen the standard to identify the steps of the Moral Education Planning Program (MEPP) based on the Total Quality Management (TQM) in the learning system of the ancient and modern civilization of Bangladesh. As expected, the results of this research can be used as an instruction by the modern quality basic school in implementing TQM-based MEPP as preventive measures to address the moral crisis nowadays. Data from this research were collected for primary sources using interview strategy and documentation. All of this data is collected and analyzed, using a variety of inductive data analysis techniques. Deming [1] An emerging philosophy of management is total quality management. TQM was developed by William Deming. Total quality management has gained wide acclaim and popularity in industry and production nowadays as well as in schools, colleges, universities. Schools have begun to explore the possibility of applying the TQM philosophy to education, which requires a number of changes in any educational institution, especially in leadership and the position of mind (attitudes) and activities of instructors, in the association or every community, in monitoring the educational technique’s, in the evaluation as a result, in the culture to share, in the school environment and especially in interpersonal relationships. According to Wiyani [2], based on the results of the study; it was found that there are four (4) steps involved in the TQM-based MEPP planning. First, to create a vision and mission of the school in the indulgence of MEPP; second, creating character and achievement of quality assurance with MEPP; Third, improve the quality of qualified homeroom teachers to assist in the implementation of MEPP; Fourth, to develop a Standard Operating System (SOS) of ethical or moral values for students to assist in the implementation of MEPP.
Comparative Study of Hematological and Histopathological Alterations in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus Exposed to Industrial Waste Effluents
Authors: Orimoloye A. M.
Published: January 2022

In recent decades the level of foreign compounds in aquatic ecosystems such as heavy metals, pesticides and other persistent organic pollutants has increased alarmingly as a result of domestic, industrial and agricultural effluent. This research therefore examined the histopathological and haematological effects of industrial effluent on Orechromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus. The histopathology and haematology parameters of the fishes exposed to graded doses of the effluent were assessed using conventional techniques. The results of the haematological assessment of the fishes shows a steady and significant (P < 0.05) reduction in the PCV of the tilapia from 23% (control) to 10%  and 25% (control) to 18% in catfish exposed to 6.25 ml/L of the effluent, the RBC count reduced with increase in the concentration of the effluent from 2.60 x 106/L (control) to 1.15 x 106/L (tilapia) and from 2.80 to 1.72 x 106/L (catfish) in the sample exposed to 6.25 ml/L of the effluent. Also, the values of Hb concentration reduced from 7.73 g/dL to 3.10 g/dL (tilapia) and from 8.33 to 5.17 g/dL (catfish). However, the WBC count increased from 4800.33 x 103/L to 9500.30 x 103/L (tilapia) and from 5300.30 x 103/L to 7800.50 x 103/L (catfish) in those exposed to 6.25 ml/L of the effluent. In the histological assessment of the gills of the fishes, the tilapia fish exposed to 6.25ml/L of the effluent recorded an extensive damage, distortion and thickening of the tilapia fish gill lamellae. Also, there was loss of secondary lamellae and loss of gill raker filaments of the catfish. The liver cells of tilapia had many monocytes (kuppfer cells) while there were mild increase in the number of kuppfer cells of the catfish. The kidney artery of tilapia was filled with leucocytes while there were cellular proliferation (hyperplasia) and less of melanin deposits in the kiney cells of catfish. These are indications that the industrial effluent contain toxicants that are dangerous to the fish health.
Use of Tracheostomy in COVID-19 Patients and it’s Effects on Healthcare Workers
Authors: Dixit Kriti , Singh Chandra Veer
Published: January 2022

Tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients needs important decision making and surgical planning, especially since it’s an aerosol-generating procedure and poses a threat to the health care personnel involved. Various public health agencies have recognized that some particular health care procedures considerably increase the risk of transmission of respiratory pathogens because they produce aerosols.

Severe infection with SARS-CoV-2 [COVID-19] causes respiratory illness resulting in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure that put patients in need of intrusive mechanical ventilation. Because it is linked to longer use of sedatives, narcotics, muscle palsy leading to a longing desire for invasive central catheters, and the patient's stationary position inflicting line infection and pressure injuries to the skin, prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation usually results in ventilator-associated pneumonia and other complications.

If patients are projected to be ventilator-dependent for a lengthy period of time, surgical treatment is considered once every 7–10 days for automatically ventilated patients. However, due to the risk faced by the health care workers, it has been recommended by organizations such as WHO, that health personnel must take appropriate measures so as to minimize the risk of contracting the deadly virus. This includes wearing personal protective equipment [PPE] while performing the procedure. An N-95[or above] face mask, face shield, latex gloves, full-body disposable cover, foot covers are some of the contents of personal protective equipment [PPE].

Our goal is to provide authoritative guidance to healthcare providers and healthcare systems and to highlight the possible effects of the accumulating experiences, currently available evidence, and historical lessons, tracheostomy decisions during the current COVID19 epidemic. Because incubated patients have a poor prognosis and there is a danger of transfer to providers through this highly aerosolizing procedure, the pathway of tracheostomy placement has changed.
Association of Depression with Polypharmacy among Diabetic Patients of Geriatric Age Group in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Thakkar Yachika , Zilate Sarju
Published: January 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus, one of the common serious conditions among the elderly and depression is frequent finding as a Comorbidity. Polypharmacy is common in diabetes and In diabetic senior people, it has been linked to depression. Polypharmacy, especially among the elderly, is a consistent predictor of inappropriate medication. Approaching and analysing the prescription pattern in elderly diabetic patient will rationalize the drug utilization. The current research is to access the co-relation of polypharmacy in geriatric diabetic patient and accompanying depression.

Objectives: To assess depression and polypharmacy and correlate their association in diabetic patients of geriatric age group.

Methodology: This is questionnaire based cross sectional observational study. This shall be conducted in geriatric population attending Medicine department [OPD and IPD] [AVBRH], DMIMS, Sawangi [M], Wardha, Maharashtra, India. The depression will be assessed using Geriatric Depression scale. The Polypharmacy will be assessed using contingency table and odds ratio.

Expected outcome: It is hypothesized that geriatric diabetic patients with depression [GDS>= 6] are at higher risk of encountering polypharmacy.

Conclusion: To upgrades standards of life of senior diabetic patients, prescribing procedures should be reviewed.
Fast Identification of the Crystallographic Orientation of Violet Phosphorus Nanoflakes with Preferred In‐Plane Cleavage Edge Orientation
Authors: Zhang Lihui , Li Xiaobo , Yao Fenfa , Li Longren , Huang Hongyang , Zhao Xuewen , Liu Shuhao , Cheng Yonghong , Xu Hua , Zhang Jinying
Published: January 2022

Semiconducting layered violet phosphorus, the most stable phosphorus allotrope, has recently been successfully produced with large single crystal sizes and high yields. A promising anisotropy is expected by the reduced symmetry of violet phosphorus in various properties. The in‐plane crystallographic anisotropy and cleavage edge orientation are especially important to the exfoliated 2D structures for their electronic, photonic, magnetic, and mechanic applications. However, the anisotropy of violet phosphorus has not been studied. Here, a fast and nondestructive way is reported to identify the crystallographic orientation of 2D violet phosphorus nanoflakes by a single polarized Raman spectrum. The 2D violet phosphorus nanoflakes have been found to have preferred in‐plane cleavage edges along ‐[P2][P8][P2][P9]‐ tubular strands with <1, 1, 0> edge alignment. The b‐axis (a‐axis) direction has been demonstrated to be easily identified that forms an angle of 45° or 135° from the cleavage edge by the intensity of Ag mode, especially the appearance or disappearance of 491 cm–1, under parallel configuration using polarized Raman scattering. A simple and fast method has been developed to identify the crystallographic orientation of violet phosphorus nanoflakes by a single Raman spectrum to obtain the corresponding a‐axis and b‐axis.
Bimodal Turn‐On Fluorescent Probe for Photophysical and Electrochemical Detection of Human Serum Albumin in Clinical Samples
Authors: Saha Pranay , Moitra Parikshit , Bhattacharjee Urmimala , Bhattacharya Santanu
Published: January 2022

A simple, easy to synthesize, cost‐effective fluorescent turn‐on sensor is developed for the selective detection of human serum albumin (HSA) in both biological and environmental samples. The biosensor is unique with qualities of rapidly quantifying HSA levels both at lower and higher concentrations in divergent bio‐fluids with high sensitivity. This probe has also been successfully used for the quantitative determination of serum albumin levels in a large number of patients’ samples having different clinical manifestations. Electrochemical detection of HSA concentrations can also be achieved with this biosensor using a potentiostat. Thus, this probe offers a unique potential of diagnosing HSA levels directly from patient samples using its bimodal (i.e., photophysical and electrochemical) properties, which are hitherto unknown to date.
Anisotropic Sliding Behaviors of Gas Bubbles upon Ferrofluid‐Infused Orthonormal Tracks (FOTs) Under Magnetic Stimuli
Authors: Bian Yucheng , Zhu Suwan , Ye Chunyang , Chen Chao , Xu Bing , Zhang Yiyuan , Zhang Cong , Wang Xinghao , Hu Yanlei , Li Jiawen , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru
Published: January 2022

Manipulating gas bubbles in aqueous environment exhibits both scientific and technological significance in pressure sensors, mineral flotation, and sewage disposal. Recently, the emerging ferrofluid liquid‐infused porous surfaces (FLIPS) with excellent bubble magnetism‐responsive functions have attracted great attention. Although current studies have focused on the isotropic bubble motion on FLIPS, the dynamic bubble slipping behaviors on anisotropic FLIPS has not been clarified yet. Herein, a kind of ferrofluid‐infused orthonormal tracks (FOTs) with periodic micro‐grooved structures by one‐step femtosecond laser ablation is reported, exhibiting anisotropic slipping behaviors of underwater bubbles along two orthogonal directions on FOTs. Further investigation suggests that the bubble slipping distance, that is, the interfacial resistance, is subject to the ferrofluid infusion and the external driving velocities. It is revealed that the disparity of slipping resistance is mainly related to the interfacial dissipation and the anisotropic menisci reshaped by magnetic stimuli along two orthonormal directions of FOTs. Finally, relying on the anisotropic slipping motion of gas bubbles, typical applications including bubble screening and bubble‐assisted optical shutter are demonstrated. This study should provide new insight into bubble slipping dynamics on lubricant‐infused surfaces and prompt the development of optofluidics.
4‐(Dimethylamino)pyridine‐Catalyzed (3+2) Annulation of Pyrazoledione‐Derived Morita–Baylis–Hillman Carbonates with 2‐Arylideneindane‐1,3‐Diones: An Access to Dispirocyclic Compounds
Authors: Liao Jianning , Xu Jiaqing , Wu Yongjun , Hou Yuxia , Guo Hongchao
Published: January 2022

A 4‐(dimethylamino)pyridine‐catalyzed (3+2) annulation of pyrazoledione‐derived Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) carbonates with 2‐arylideneindane‐1,3‐diones has been developed to afford various multifunctional spiropyrazole derivatives in 16–99% yields with 3:2–>20:1 diastereoselectivities. As a type of Lewis‐base receptor, the pyrazoledione‐derived MBH carbonates will function as a key substrate in organocatalyzed annulation reactions for diverse syntheses of pyrazolinone‐containing dispirocyclic compounds.

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Fish Capsules: A System for High‐Throughput Screening of Combinatorial Drugs
Authors: Tang Minghui , Duan Xin , Yang Anqi , He Shijie , Zhou Yajing , Liu Yuxin , Zhang Lu , Luo Xuan , Shi Peng , Li Honglin , Lin Xudong
Published: January 2022

Large‐scale screening of molecules heavily relies on phenotyping of small living organisms during preclinical development. However, deep profiling candidate therapeutics on whole animals typically requires laborious manipulations and anesthetic treatment using traditional techniques or automated tools. Here, a novel fish capsule system that combines automated zebrafish encapsulating technology and droplet microarray strategy for in vivo functional screening of mono/polytherapies is described. This platform enables automated, rapid zebrafish orientation and immobilization in agarose to generate large‐scale fish capsules by using a microfluidic device. Based on the effect of discontinuous dewetting, the prompt trapping of fish capsules in the aqueous arrays is successfully demonstrate. This system provides the capability to integrate pharmaceutical treatments with real‐time multispectral microscopic imaging in a simple, pipetting‐free and highly parallel manner. Coupling with machine learning algorithms, a small library of compounds is screened and analyzed, and clues about how to exploit compound combinations as therapeutic candidates are obtained. It is believed that this proposed strategy can be readily applied to multiple fields and is especially useful in the exploration of combinatorial drugs with limited amounts of samples and resources to accelerate the identification of novel therapeutics for precision medicines.
“Everybody in this room can understand”: A qualitative exploration of peer support during residency training
Authors: Jain Aarti , Tabatabai Ramin , Schreiber Jacob , Vo Anne , Riddell Jeffrey
Published: January 2022

Objectives

Though peer support groups are often utilized during residency training, the dynamics, content, and impact of social support offered through peer support are poorly understood. We explored trainee perceptions of the benefits, drawbacks, and optimal membership and facilitation of peer support groups.

Methods

After engaging in a peer support program at an emergency medicine residency program, 15 residents and 4 group facilitators participated in four focus groups in 2018. Interview questions explored the dynamics of group interactions, types of support offered, and psychological impacts of participation. The authors conducted a reflexive thematic analysis of data, performing iterative coding and organization of interview transcripts.

Results

Discussions with experienced senior residents and alumni normalized residents’ workplace struggles and provided them with insights into the trajectory of their residency experiences. Vulnerable group dialogue was enhanced by the use of “insider” participants; however, residents acknowledged the potential contributions of mental health professionals. Though groups occasionally utilized maladaptive coping strategies and lacked actual solutions, they also enhanced residents’ sense of belonging, willingness to share personal struggles, and ability to “reset” in the clinical environment.

Conclusions

Participants offered insights into the benefits and drawbacks of peer support as well as optimal peer group composition and facilitation. Support groups may be more effective if they engage a complementary model of alumni and pre‐briefed psychologist facilitators, avoid fatalism, and aim to foster intimate connections among residents. These findings can inform the development of future initiatives aiming to create a safe space for trainees to discuss workplace stressors.
Metal Free Synthesis of Coumarin Containing Hetero[n]helicene like Molecules with TICT and AIE Properties
Authors: Soni Rina , Soman Shubhangi S.
Published: January 2022

Coumarin containing hetero[n]helicene like molecules were synthesized using three component Povarov reaction followed by two dehydrogenation steps in good yields. Synthesis and photophysical properties of coumarin containing multifunctional helicene like molecules were found to be affected by substitution on pendant phenyl ring. Coumarin containing hetero[6]helicene like derivative 10 f showed bright yellow emission in solution, thin film, and solid state. Coumarin containing hetero[6]helicene like compound 13 e showed bright blue emission in solution, thin film, and solid state. The structures of intermediate compounds were confirmed by a single crystal X‐ray analysis. These structures were compared with DFT optimized structures for the helicity parameters. DFT calculations provided good correlation with observed photophysical properties of compounds 10 f and 13 e.
A Molecular Pump Facilitates Mechanical Adsorption Away from Equilibrium
Authors: Simeth Nadja A.
Published: January 2022

Artificial molecular pumps that perform unidirectional motion on the molecular scale have been used to design systems operating away from equilibrium. Crafting such pumps onto a surface allows their unidirectional movement to be organized in a confined environment as well as the active pumping of adsorbents from the bulk solution to the surface. This study led to the discovery of the phenomenon of mechanisorption and paves the way for the construction of highly complex organized molecular architectures.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Tertiary β‐Boryl Amides by Conjunctive Cross‐Coupling of Alkenyl Boronates and Carbamoyl Chlorides
Authors: Wilhelmsen Christopher A. , Zhang Xuntong , Myhill Jesse A. , Morken James P.
Published: January 2022

Synthesis of versatile β tert‐boryl amides is accomplished by conjunctive cross‐coupling of α‐substituted alkenyl boron “ate” complexes and carbamoyl chloride electrophiles. This reaction can be accomplished in an enantioselective fashion using a palladium catalyst in combination with MandyPhos. The addition of water results in enhanced chemoselectivity for the conjunctive coupling product relative to the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling product. Transformations of the reaction products were examined as well as application to the synthesis of (+)‐adalinine.
Preparation of humic acid water‐retaining agent‐modified polyurethane sponge as a soilless culture material
Authors: Song Jie , Li Long , Niu Yu Hua , Ke Ru Yuan , Zhao Xuan
Published: January 2022

Based on the structural characteristics of the polyfunctional groups of humic acid (HA), a HA water‐retaining agent (HAA) was prepared by the polymerization of an aqueous solution using potassium humate, acrylic acid, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and bentonite. HAA was obtained by the polymerization of an aqueous solution using an assembly ligand, and a polyurethane (PU) sponge was used as a carrier to mix HAA in the foaming process of the PU sponge to obtain the HAA‐modified PU (HAA‐PU) sponge matrix. The HAA‐PU sponge prepared with the HAA‐to‐PU mass ratio of 1:4 had the strongest foaming volume and water absorption. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal stability analysis showed the successful preparation of the HAA‐PU sponge substrate, which allowed for the slow entry or storage of moisture and nutrients. The results of the pea seedling growth test on the HAA‐PU sponge and soil CK (control check) group showed that the emergence rate of the HAA‐PU group was>60%. It was not affected by the amount of watering and provided plants with long‐term water and nutrition. The chlorophyll, and vitamin C content of pea seedlings grown in the HAA‐PU sponge group were higher than the soil CK group.
Enhancement of polylactic acid films properties by incorporation of starch nanocrystals
Authors: Martins Paola Chaves , Latorres Juliana Machado , Machado Ana Vera , Martins Vilásia Guimarães
Published: January 2022

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer used in films production; however, it has some limitations. Thus, strategies can be used to improve the characteristics of these materials such as the incorporation of starch nanocrystals (SNCs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to add potato and rice SNCs in PLA matrix in the melt to obtain PLA films with structural reinforcement to improve its properties. The SNCs were produced by acid hydrolysis and incorporated to the matrix in 0.5 and 1 wt% amounts. The films were then produced by bioriented tubular extrusion and characterized with several techniques. Films containing 1 wt% of potato SNCs showed an increase in tensile strength, elongation, and glass transition temperature, but a reduction in water vapor permeability. Therefore, the use of potato SNCs as a structural reinforcement for PLA films improved the properties of the films making them suitable candidates for several other applications.
Properties and characterization of novel expanded dickite based composite phase change material
Authors: Su Hao , Ding Mingtao , Yang Kuo , Li Ye , Zhang Zehai , Li Fangfei , Xue Bing
Published: January 2022

Expanded dickite as the carrier of loading polyethylene glycol (PEG), a novel composite phase change material (PCM) is synthetized. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, specific surface area test, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry are used to characterize and evaluate the expanded dickite carrier and the composite PCMs. The results show that the heat released by the reaction of potassium chlorate and urea promotes the layer expansion of dickite to form a net‐like porous structure. Two kinds of expanded dickite (EDU1 and EDU2) carriers are prepared by modulating the amount of potassium chlorate. EDU2 carrier with full layer expansion possesses a PEG load rate of 179.3%. The higher PEG load rate of EDU2 is attributed to its developed pore structure, and the hydrogen bond formed between PEG and expanded dickite. Composite PCM using EDU2 as the carrier has a higher latent heat of 98.22 J g−1and good thermal cycling stability.
Electron Regulation of Single Indium Atoms at the Active Oxygen Vacancy of In2O3(110) for Production of Acetic Acid and Acetone through Direct Coupling of CH4 with CO2
Authors: Ma Denghui , Cao Zexing
Published: January 2022

The production of acetic acid and acetone from the direct coupling of CO2 and CH4 on the doped In2O3(110) surface has been studied by extensive first‐principles calculations, and the Ga or Al substitution for the single In atom at the active oxygen vacancy of In2O3(110) can stabilize the reaction species and reduce the free energy barrier of the rate‐limiting C−H activation for the conversion of CO2 and CH4 to acetic acid. Herein, the metal doping lowers the energy level of partially empty s and p orbitals of In1 at the oxygen vacancy site and manipulates its electronic properties, resulting in the activity improvement. The stable intermediate with the newly‐formed CH3COO* has the available In1 site for subsequent CH4 activation, which may initiate the direct C−C coupling of CH3COO* and CH3* to yield C3 species on the doped In2O3(110). These findings suggest that the metal doping of the active oxygen vacancy opens an avenue for the carbon‐chain growth through heterogeneously catalytic coupling of CO2 and CH4.
Mixed H∞ and passive event‐triggered control for Markovian jump systems with sensor saturation under cyber‐attacks
Authors: Li Tianrui , Wang Weiqun , Chen Weimin
Published: January 2022

This paper addresses the mixed H∞ and passive event‐triggered control problem for a class of Markovian jump systems subject to sensor saturation and cyber‐attacks. By taking the effects of sensor saturation and randomly occurring cyber‐attacks into consideration, a closed‐loop output feedback Markovian jump system model is established under the proposed event‐triggered mechanism. Then, based on Lyapunov stability theory and integral inequalities technique, some sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the resulting closed‐loop system is stochastically stable and satisfies a prescribed mixed H∞ and passive performance. Subsequently, the output feedback gains can be derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities by using the matrix decoupling approach. Finally, numerical example and comparison results are provided to show the effectiveness of the approach proposed in this paper.
Dual‐layered hydrogels allow complete genome recovery with nucleic acid cytometry
Authors: Hatori Makiko N. , Modavi Cyrus , Xu Peng , Weisgerber Daniel , Abate Adam R.
Published: January 2022

Targeting specific cells for sequencing is important for applications in cancer, microbiology, and infectious disease. Nucleic acid cytometry (NAC) is a powerful approach for accomplishing this because it allows specific cells to be isolated based on sequence biomarkers that are otherwise impossible to detect. However, existing methods require specialized microfluidic devices, limiting adoption. Here, a modified workflow is described that uses particle‐templated emulsification (PTE) and flow cytometry to conduct the essential steps of cell detection and sorting normally accomplished by microfluidics. Our microfluidic‐free workflow allows facile isolation and sequencing of cells, viruses, and nucleic acids and thus provides a powerful enrichment approach for targeted sequencing applications.
Classification of the superior mesenteric artery
Authors: Balcerzak Adrian , Tubbs Richard Shane , Waśniewska‐Włodarczyk Anna , Rapacka Elżbieta , Olewnik Łukasz
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to characterize the branching pattern and morphology of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and also to create a new SMA classification, which seems necessary for clinicians performing surgery in this anatomical area. The anatomical variations in the branching patterns of the SMA were examined in 30 cadavers fixed in 10% formalin. Morphometric measurements were then obtained twice by two researchers. In the proposed classification system, Type I, characterized by all normal branches—inferior pancreatoduodenal artery, ileocolic artery, right colic artery, middle colic artery and intestinal arteries—occurred in 53.33% of the specimens. Type II, characterized by absence of the inferior pancreatoduodenal artery, was present in 26.67%. Type III, characterized by absence of the right colic artery, was present in 3.33%. Type IV, characterized by a common trunk for the inferior pancreatoduodenal artery and middle colic arteries, was observed in 3.33%. Type V, characterized by an aberrant hepatic artery and absence of the inferior pancreatoduodenal artery, was observed in 13.33%. The origin of the SMA was at the Th12/L1 level in 10% of cases, at L1 in 43.33%, at L1/L2 in 36.67%, and at L2 in 10%. The SMA is characterized by high morphological variability, the variants being associated with distinct clinical aspects. The introduction of a new, structured, anatomical classification seems necessary for all clinicians.