bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Review of recent data in Starinar 64 regarding the sites of Belovode and Plocnik
Authors: Sljivar Dusko
Published: January 2016

Archaeological investigations at Belovode and Plocnik, settlements of Vinca
culture, have been conducted for an extensive number of years. The most
intriguing contents were the archaeometallurgical finds, located partly
within defined contexts, indicating an early metallurgy which had originated
and developed within the Vinca culture. This aspect has been a primary
objective in the investigations and expert interpretations to date. The
metallographic and chemical analyses were agreed upon and carried out with
UCL, Great Britain, confirming the basic assumptions published by the
authors of the research. In the course of the archaeological investigations,
several other elements, important for the understanding of the metallurgical
process, were defined, such as the transportation of the raw materials,
copper oxide ores, to settlements where, in the primary stages, further
processing took place. Layers of coal, used to fuel the process, were
discovered underneath and around the settlement at Belovode. Metallurgical
installations for smelting were partially reconstructed based on later
analogous Bronze Age sites in Cyprus. These are, for certain, solid starting
points for further research into the entire production process, from the
mining works through to the manufacturing of the finished products. This
factual situation was also the basis for a critical review of the paper by
the authors Radivojevic-Kuzmanovic, published in the previous issue of
Starinar. The text contains a number of improvisations along with
generalised observations in the concluding remarks, without citing authors
who have been addressing this issue for decades, all of whom, to a greater
or lesser extent, from different perspectives, point to the metallurgical
aspects of Vinca culture. Their paper represents a compilation of previously
published results on the metallurgy of Vinca culture along with a large
proportion of illustrative contributions. The main objections are twofold in
nature - scientific, due to a number of manipulations of the situations and
finds documented in the archaeological papers, accompanied by inaccurate
technical descriptions and citing of published papers, and ethical, due to
the infringement of copyrights and disregard of collegial agreements.
Economic theory of distributism
Authors: Djurkovic Misa
Published: January 2016

this paper, the economic theory of distributism has been analyzed. In the
first place, the author explains that the distributism is a social thought
which emerged in the Anglo-American world as the development of social
teachings in the Roman Catholic Church. Although it has not received the
status the main schools in modern economic thought have, distrubutism
persists as a specific direction of socio-economic thinking. The paper
particularly investigates the ideas of classical distibutism. The author
focuses on two basic books by Gilbert Chesterton and two most important
economic books by Hilaire Belloc. These authors have insisted on the problem
of society moving towards the so-called servile state in which a small number
of capitalists rule over mass of proletarians who are gradually coming under
slavery status, which is sanctioned by the law. For the purpose of remedying
this tendency and collectivism, they proposed a series of measures for a
repeated broad distribution of ownership over the means of production.
Finally, there is an overview of this idea and its development throughout the
twentieth century, finishing with contemporary distributists like John
Medaille and Alan Carlson.
Development opportunities for rural areas of Serbia
Authors: Zekic Stanislav , Matkovski Bojan
Published: January 2016

The large regional diversity, economic backwardness, unfavourable demographic
trends as well as the dependence of agricultural production, represent the
main characteristics of rural areas in Serbia. Halting further socio-economic
decline of the village is possible only through the restoration of economic
capacity, which is to a greater extent achievable through the development of
non-agricultural activities. Diversification of income and activities of
rural households would raise the quality of life for the rural population,
especially in terms of income positions, while infrastructural improvement
and development of the service sector, to some extent, would be a consequence
of this process and a clearly formulated national rural policy. That policy
in Serbia should be in line with the ?European? model, where the focus is
shifting from sectoral to regional approach and significant support for the
achievement of the set goals represent the pre-accession EU funds.
Distribution of Time Interval between the Modifications of Result Sets Cardinalities in Random Databases
Authors: Velcescu Letitia
Published: January 2016

In this paper, we propose a method to estimate the probability distribution of the time interval which ellapses between the modifications of the cardinality in a random database query’s result set. This type of database is important either in modeling uncertainty or storing data whose values follow a probability distribution. The result that we introduce is important from the point of view of the database optimization, providing a useful method for an integrated module. In previous research on random databases the sizes of some relational operations results were investigated. This kind of information is rather useful in an analytical database which provides decision-making support. The result we particularly aim to present in this paper concerns the transactional random databases, addressing its specific functionality. It will be proven that the interval of time between the cardinalities changes is exponentially distributed. The proof is based on the technique of the Markovian Jelinski-Moranda model, which is used in the reliability of software programs.
Screening the Resilience of Short-Rotation Woody Crops to Climate Change
Authors: Chhin Sophan
Published: January 2016

Sustainable woody biofeedstock production systems require a reliable supply of woody biomass that could be affected by future climate change. However, there is limited understanding of the climatic sensitivity of short rotation woody crops, such as hybrid aspens. The general objective of this study is to identify climatically resilient hybrid aspen clones for woody biomass feedstock development. Specifically, tree-ring analysis methods (dendrochronology) were used to quantify the influence of climate on stem growth rates of hybrid aspens by measuring year-to-year changes in tree-ring width from different cultivars of hybrid aspen and relating annual growth patterns with past instrumental climate records (i.e., temperature and moisture index). Tree-ring analysis was conducted on a full-sib progeny plantation of different cultivars of hybrid aspens (Populus × smithii derived from different geographical variants of aspen parents: trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) and bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata) located on Michigan State University property in the Sandhill Research Area (42.7°N latitude; 84.5°W longitude). Overall, the hybrid aspen families examined in this study were more sensitive to moisture related stressors compared to a weaker or no response to temperature stressors. By the end of the 21st century (2071–2100), 11 out of the 18 hybrid aspen families will be vulnerable to future changes in moisture stress, while the remaining families were screened to be resilient to future changes in moisture stress.
Inhibitory Effect of Crocin(s) on Lens α-Crystallin Glycation and Aggregation, Results in the Decrease of the Risk of Diabetic Cataract
Authors: Bahmani Fereshteh , Bathaie Seyedeh , Aldavood Seyed , Ghahghaei Arezou
Published: January 2016

The current study investigates the inhibitory effect of crocin(s), also known as saffron apocarotenoids, on protein glycation and aggregation in diabetic rats, and α-crystallin glycation. Thus, crocin(s) were administered by intraperitoneal injection to normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The cataract progression was recorded regularly every two weeks and was classified into four stages. After eight weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the parameters involved in the cataract formation were measured in the animal lenses. Some parameters were also determined in the serum and blood of the rats. In addition, the effect of crocin(s) on the structure and chaperone activity of α-crystallin in the presence of glucose was studied by different methods. Crocin(s) lowered serum glucose levels of diabetic rats and effectively maintained plasma total antioxidants, glutathione levels and catalase activity in the lens of the animals. In the in vitro study, crocin(s) inhibited α-crystallin glycation and aggregation. Advanced glycation end products fluorescence, hydrophobicity and protein cross-links were also decreased in the presence of crocin(s). In addition, the decreased chaperone activity of α-crystallin in the presence of glucose changed and became close to the native value by the addition of crocin(s) in the medium. Crocin(s) thus showed a powerful inhibitory effect on α-crystallin glycation and preserved the structure-function of this protein. Crocin(s) also showed the beneficial effects on prevention of diabetic cataract.
Challenging or Reinforcing the Gender Divide?
Authors: Gustafsson Jessica , Nielsen Poul Erik
Published: January 2016

This chapter aims to deepen the understanding of how the appropriations of new communication technologies in dramatic changing communication ecologies interrelate with social and cultural changes in contemporary rural and urban Kenya, focusing on gender and space. The study, which is set in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya, is based on a 799 household's survey concerning gendered access and usage of media and ICT and 80 life-world interviews with men and women on their appropriations of new media. The chapter concludes that the interrelation between new media and gender is complex. To a large extent the media usage reflects the patriarchal structure in Kenya and reinforces gendered spaces but new media also offer new spaces that challenge prevailing norms. Suggesting that new technologies can simultaneously function as vehicles of transformation and reproduce power relations and cultural patterns.
Integrated Platform for the Lifestyle Change and Holistic Approach to Personalized Prevention and Self-Management of Patients with High Blood Pressure
Authors: Giokas Kostas , Costarides Vassilia , Koutsouris Dimitris
Published: January 2016

High Blood Pressure (BP) is the main risk factor for stroke and a major risk factor for heart attack and kidney disease. EU countries policies on lifestyle measures and self-management in lowering BP including making dietary changes and exercising are emerging and increasing. We aim to addresses preventive solutions for citizens by improving adherence to life style changes as well as therapy compliance by patients' education and monitoring of compliance. Our vision is aimed at creating a systemic solution for health promotion and disease prevention to support hypertensive citizens and healthcare professionals in co-producing healthy management and preventive care actions leading to behavioral changes. We will try to join the concept of prevention centered on a) promotion of subject empowerment, b) engagement of citizen at risk, c) provision of physicians with user-friendly devices, d) supporting behavioural changes of citizens in the adherence of lifestyle protocols, e) introduction of innovative organizational models to improve healthcare system performance
mHealth
Authors: Sagahyroon Assim
Published: January 2016

The increasing computing power of mobile electronic devices coupled with advances in sensing and wireless technology have paved the way for mobile health (mHealth) to play a major and innovative role in the health sector. This chapter discusses the use of mHealth in the monitoring and diagnosis of sleep-related diseases with a particular emphasis on sleep apnea since it is considered to be one of the most prevalent disorders. Apnea symptoms and the physiological signals associated with it are described with an overview of the current sensing technology used to capture and record these signals. The chapter continues to discuss the integration of sensors with todays' mobile devices to offer mhealth platforms that allow for the monitoring, diagnosis and management of sleep apnea. We conclude by discussing the current limitations of the mHealth technology and discuss possible future enhancements.
Computer Virus Models and Analysis in M-Health IT Systems
Authors: Zimeras Stelios
Published: January 2016

Computer viruses have been studied for a long time both by the research and by the application communities. As computer networks and the Internet became more popular from the late 1980s on, viruses quickly evolved to be able to spread through the Internet by various means such as file downloading, email, exploiting security holes in software, etc. Epidemiological models have traditionally been used to understand and predict the outcome of virus outbreaks in human or animal populations. However, the same models were recently applied to the analysis of computer virus epidemics. In this work we present various computer virus spread models combined with applications to e-health systems.
ISYDE-2008 Study presentation The Italian Survey on cardiac rehabilitation: a snapshot of current cardiac rehabilitation programmes and provides in Italy
Authors: Tramarin Roberto , De Feo Stefania , Ambrosetti Marco , Griffo Raffaele , Maslowsky Franco , Vaghi Paola
Published: January 2016

The Italian Society of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention (GICR) has developed the ISYDE-2008 survey with the purpose to take a detailed snapshot in terms of number, distribution, facilities, staffing levels, organization, and programme details of CR units in Italy and to compare actual provision with the recommendation of National GL for CR and secondary prevention.The study will be carried out with a web-based questionnaire running on the GICR website in 2 weeks from Jan. 28 to Feb. 10, 2008. The first part of the questionnaire is designed to collect information on the institutional organization of the CR unit, on its location and functional relationships within the hospital, on the number of beds for inpatient CR units and hours of activity for outpatient and home–based services, on the composition of the core and multidisciplinary teams, and finally on the components of CR programmes.In the second part of the survey, CR directors will be requested to report for each patient discharged during the 2 weeks of the study, indications for admission to CR, time of enrolment, comorbidity, complications, risk profile, diagnostic procedures, exercise and educational programme, discharge modalities, treatment at discharge and follow-up schedule.More than 2300 pts are expected to enter in the survey, whose results depicting the status of CR in Italy will be available within April 2008.
Metabolic syndrome and related dietary intervention among patients with coronary and peripheral arterial disease attending cardiovascular rehabilitation programs
Authors: Ambrosetti Marco , Mariani Paola
Published: January 2016

Aim of the study: To provide estimates of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral arterial obstructive disease (PAOD) attending cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, as well as related dietary needs targeted on the single core components of the syndrome. Methods: Observational study enrolling 209 patients (males 75%, mean age 65±8 yrs.) referred to a CR facility because of silent ischemia (11%), chronic stable angina (28%), acute coronary syndrome (41%), or peripheral arterial disease (20%). The MS was diagnosed according to the 2005-modified NCEP ATP III criteria. Dietary regimens were classified into four areas of intervention (weight control, lipid control, glycaemic control, and blood pressure control) and compared in patients with and without MS. Results: MS accounted for 26% of all patients, with the highest prevalence (31%) among those admitted after acute coronary syndromes. All four dietary regimens were significantly more prescribed (p< 0.001) among patients with MS as compared to controls, with low sodium (95%) and low fat (90%) diets as the most represented patterns. All patients with MS were prescribed multiple dietary patterns, with adoption of a comprehensive low energy, low fat, and low glucose diet in up to one fifth of cases. Conclusion: Patients with CAD or PAOD referred to CR programs often display an high cardiometabolic risk and need a broad regimen of dietary modification.
Delayed repair of esophageal perforation due to transoesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Omorphos Savvas , Kotoulas Christophoros , Homer Jarrod James , McLaughlin Kenneth Edward
Published: January 2016

Since its introduction into clinical practice in the 1980s, transesophageal echocardiography has become an invaluable tool in cardiac surgery having only a few cases of serious complications reported in the literature. We report a novel case of delayed surgical repair of esophageal perforation due to transesophageal echocardiography in cardiac surgery and reviewed the anecdotal literature.
Does 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT have a role in the management of pulmonary and extra pulmonary sarcoidosis?
Authors: Carbone R. , Douroukas A. , Arena V. , Cantalupi D. , Balleari E. , Ghio R. , Pelosi E.
Published: January 2016

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Italian survey on CArdiac RehabilitatiOn and Secondary prevention after cardiac revascularization: ICAROS study. A survey from the italian cardiac rehabilitation network: rationale and design
Authors: Griffo Raffaele , Fattirolli Francesco , Temporelli Pier Luigi , Tramarin Roberto
Published: January 2016

In this paper, the Italian Association for Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation (GICR) presents the rationale and design of the “Italian survey on CArdiac RehabilitatiOn and Secondary prevention after cardiac revascularization (ICAROS)”. The survey is a prospective, longitudinal, multicentric survey, with a on-line web-based data collection. Its design corresponds to the survey’s goal, i.e. to describe accurately in the Italian cardiological setting, through a representative number of cardiac rehabilitation centers belonging to the GICR national network, the characteristics, content and effects in the medium term of cardiac rehabilitation (CRP) inpatient or outpatient programs offered to patients after coronary artery bypass (CABG) or percutaneous revascularization (PTCA). The primary aims of the study are: a) to define the principal clinical characteristics of patients who have undergone PTCA or CABG and have been admitted to a CRP program; b) to identify the components of the CRP programs in terms of diagnostic procedures and assessment tests performed, treatments administered, educational programs and physical exercise interventions employed; c) to identify and analyze drug treatments prescribed at discharge from the acute facility and those prescribed at the end of the CRP program; d) to verify the clinical outcome during the course of the CRP program and at 6 months and 1 year after the end of the post-acute CRP program, as well as patients’ adherence to the prescribed pharmacological therapy and to the recommended life styles, and the achievement and maintenance of the targets in relation to the modifiable risk factors; e) to define the consumption of major healthcare resources (major cardiac events, hospital re-admission, emergency care access, specialist visits) during the first year following a CRP program. The survey population will consist of all patients consecutively discharged in the period November 3 - 30, 2008 at the end of an inpatient, day-hospital or outpatient CRP programme after CABG (isolated or associated to valve or ascending aorta surgery) or PTCA (rescue, primary or elective). There are no age, sex or other patient selection criteria. Based on ISYDE 2008 data analysis, we plan to recruit approximately 1300-1400 patients, 75% of whom with post CABG diagnosis and 25% with post PTCA diagnosis. Preliminary results of the survey are expected in the late winter 2009.
Family history of cardiovascular disease as a risk factor for coronary artery disease in adult offspring
Authors: Hoseini Kianoosh , Sadeghian Saeed , Mahmoudian Mehran , Hamidian Reza , Abbasi Ali
Published: January 2016

Background and aims: There is controversy about the role of positive family history as an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of family history on presentation of coronary artery disease in adult offspring, and on its severity. Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study at Tehran Heart Center (University of Tehran Medical Sciences), 6399 patients with established coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography for standard indications were assessed. Coronary artery disease was defined as atherosclerotic involvement of more than 50% in at least one major coronary artery. Results: 953 patients (14.9%) had a verified positive family history of coronary artery disease, of whom 193 patients (20.2%) and 215 patients (22.5%) had paternal and maternal positive history, respectively. The mean age of clinical onset of ischemic heart disease in patients with a positive history was significantly lower than patients with no history (p < 0.001). Left main coronary lesion was significantly more frequent in patients with positive history (p = 0.017). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that presentation of coronary artery disease in the form of acute coronary syndrome was significantly more prevalent in the background of positive family history (odds ratio, OR = 1.44, 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.14-1.83, p = 0.002), especially above 45 years old. Conclusion: These findings indicate that positive family history is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease which strongly predisposes to the atherosclerotic process at younger ages; therefore, these patients should be evaluated and managed more intensively for other risk factors.
О зависимости структуры пограничного слоя от краевых условий в сингулярно возмущенной краевой задаче с кратным корнем вырожденного уравнения
Authors: Butuzov Valentin Fedorovich
Published: January 2016

Рассматривается двухточечная краевая задача для сингулярно
возмущенного дифференциального уравнения второго порядка в случае,
когда вырожденное уравнение имеет двукратный корень. Показано,
что структура пограничных слоев существенно зависит от степени
близости заданных краевых значений решения к корню вырожденного
уравнения, что обусловлено кратностью корня.
Библиография: 4 названия.
Modelos en la enseñanza secundaria: EL BARCO SOLAR
Authors: Arnau Sabatés Maria José
Published: January 2016

Presentamos un modelo físico para la enseñanza de algunos elementos básicos de mecánica de fluidos en enseñanza secundaria (cuarto curso de E.S.O.). El modelo consiste en una botella de plástico con algunos elementos añadidos que pretenden reproducir a pequeña escala las propiedades de estabilidad y el movimiento de un barco. Una placa solar proporciona la energía para un pequeño motor que mueve el artefacto. Esta práctica fue desarrollada con un grupo de estudiantes y ganó el premio Experimenta 2008 de la Universidad de Valencia (España).
La Prova Cangur en la Comunitat Valenciana
Authors: Esteban-Romero Ramon
Published: January 2016

La Prova Cangur, con más de cinco millones de participantes en todo el mundo, se ha convertido durante los últimos años en uno de los principales canales de difusión de las Matemáticas entre los jóvenes de todo el mundo. En esta nota describimos la Prova Cangur y comentamos algunas de sus características en la Comunitat Valenciana.
El papel de los coordinadores en la Olimpiada Matemática Internacional
Authors: Esteban-Romero Ramon
Published: January 2016

En esta nota se describe el papel de los coordinadores en la Olimpiada Matemática Internacional.
Proteine Bolognese
Authors: Cubarsi R. , Vázquez E. , Villaverde A.
Published: January 2016

Se modeliza la penetración de una versión modificada de la proteína verde fluorescente llamada GFP en el citoplasma y el núcleo de una célula de mamífero. El modelo matemático proporciona una primera aproximación al experimento, con una disminución progresiva de la tasa de fluorescencia a medida que la luminosidad total va aumentando hasta saturarse. Sin embargo, se detecta una desviación localizada del modelo propuesto, debida a un proceso que no se realiza de forma totalmente diferenciable. El fenómeno es explicable a partir de la irrupción brusca de GFP en el citoplasma y el núcleo por la debilitación o permeabilización de sus membranas, y por la obstrucción del flujo de GFP por la membrana nuclear. El modelo matemático proporciona pues información relevante sobre la desviación del patrón que se ha adoptado. Con la finalidad de unificar del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), y de acuerdo con las directrices del Proceso de Bolonia, las asignaturas de los nuevos planes de estudios han sufrido una re- visión a fondo de sus contenidos. Para que la nueva metodología de sus frutos, es necesario diseñar un temario muy optimizado, en el que cada tema entronque con temas de otras asignaturas. El  caso  presentado  evidencia  como  la  Modelización  Matemática  es útil para aplicar y revisar los conocimientos adquiridos en diversas asignaturas, de matemáticas y biología en este caso, además de ser una forma eficaz de estimular el aprendizaje, ya que muestra la utilidad de lo que se estudia.
Cálculo de cubicaciones mediante aproximación funcional e integración: Un caso práctico para alumnos de ingeniería
Authors: Cisneros Francisco Javier , Morillas Samuel , Camarena Joan Gerard
Published: January 2016

En este trabajo presentamos un caso práctico donde aplicamos aproximación funcional e integración para resolver un problema del ámbito de la ingeniería civil y la edificación. En particular, se trata de calcular el volumen involucrado en un movimiento de tierras a partir de una serie de puntos del terreno y de la parcela resultante. El caso propuesto se puede plantear como ejercicio práctico para alumnos de ingeniería con el fin de motivar el aprendizaje de las herramientas matemáticas utilizadas. Compararemos el cálculo propuesto con el cálculo tradicional a fin de observar las ventajas que presenta.
La resolución de problemas como instrumentos para la modelización matemática:Ejemplos para la vida real
Authors: Romero Sánchez Sixto , Rodríguez Isabel Mª , Benítez Rocío , Romero José , Salas Isabel Mª
Published: January 2016

ESPAÑOl: No hace muchos años que los investigadores en Educación Matemática han centrado su atención en el diseño de actividades basado en la modelización matemática de situaciones reales con el convencimiento de obtener una mayor garantía en la ganancia, por parte de nuestros alumnos, del aprendizaje matemático, y por ende en la enseñanza por parte de los enseñantes. El trabajo que presentamos, en el contexto del CURSO DE VERANO-2014-Matemáticas a lo largo de la vida, en las IV Jornadas de Modelización Matemática,  pretende utilizar la Resolución de Problemas (RdP´s) como un instrumento útil y necesario para llegar al concepto de Modelización Matemática.

INGLÉS:

Not many years ago that researchers in mathematics education have focused on designing activities based on mathematical modelling of real situations with the conviction to get a better guarantee on profit, by our students, the mathematical learning, and thus teaching by the teachers. The work presented in the context of the Summer-2014-Mathematics throughout life, in the Fourth Conference on Mathematical Modelling, intends to use the Problem Solving (PS) as a useful and necessary tool to reach the concept of Mathematical Modelling.

 
Identidades de gênero no movimento funk: um estudo explanatório crítico de notícias jornalísticas brasileiras
Authors: Gomes Maria Carmen Aires
Published: January 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n1p183

Neste artigo analiso as designações escolhidas pelos veículos Tititi, Site R7 e Site G1 para representarem as MC’s Xuxu, Transnitta e Mulher Banana e as temáticas sobre transgeneridade, sexualidade e sexo, geradas em função da heterogeneidade textual e discursiva. Meu objetivo é problematizar a forma como as práticas midiáticas jornalísticas (tanto de revista, como de jornal) designam, denominam e atribuem vozes às MC’s, que são transmulheres, corpos femininos generificados. Serão analisados três textos noticiosos extraídos da revista popular Tititi e dos sites R7 9 (Grupo Record) e G1 (Rede Globo de produções), que fazem parte de um corpus documental do projeto Corpo na mídia impressa e televisiva: representações de vulnerabilidade social e diferença na sociedade contemporânea. Os dados serão analisados à luz de uma proposta transdisciplinar que dialoga os princípios epistemológicos da análise de discurso textualmente orientada – ADTO – (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001; 2003; CHOULIARAKI E FAIRCLOUGH, 1999), das pesquisas epistemológicas e ontológicas sobre identidades de gênero, sexualidade e sexo (LOURO, 2007; BUTLER, 2010; CESAR; 2014; BENTO, 2015) e do debate sobre corpo como construto semiótico (LE BRETON, 2003, 2010, 2014).

 
O entrelugar da tradução literária: as exigências do mercado editorial e suas implicações na formação de identidades culturais
Authors: Branco Sinara De Oliveira , Maia Iá Niani Belo
Published: January 2016

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n1p213

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre a tradução literária, considerando os efeitos advindos das necessidades do mercado editorial, que apontam o que deve ser traduzido e como, influenciando a formação de identidades culturais. Para tanto, serão discutidas questões teóricas sustentadas especialmente por Venuti (1995; 1998), Arrojo (1996), Katan (1999), Lefevere (2003) e Berman (2012).  Cientes de que a tradução de um texto literário demanda do tradutor a aplicação de estratégias tradutórias que satisfaçam o mercado editorial, bem como o público alvo, tomamos por base o contexto anglo-americano, elaboramos uma reflexão para entender como se desenvolve a construção da imagem do “Outro” e como as relações de poder se realizam nas estruturas sociais a partir da tradução literária.

 
Arquetipo y homofobia en el relato mexicano de temática gay
Authors: Gutiérrez León Guillermo
Published: January 2016

En este trabajo se pretende analizar cómo autores de diversas generaciones han contribuido al arraigo en el inconsciente colectivo, y en la misma literatura, a fijar valores y juicios predeterminados por los dogmas religiosos e ideologías de las instituciones gubernamentales. Para poder entender la evolución de los patrones del arquetipo y la homofobia, el análisis se realizará tomando en cuenta el orden cronológico en que se suceden los relatos, que van de la Revolución al término de la primera década del nuevo siglo, es decir cien años. También se analizarán los tratamientos estéticos y narrativos en los relatos.
Recepción e influencia de la literatura hispanoamericana en Corea
Authors: Hwang Soo-Hyun
Published: January 2016

A medida que el concepto de "nación" se ha debilitado en estos últimos años, y de forma muy rápida, el límite convencional de la cultura se está desvaneciendo y el mundo se mueve hacia un orden cultural integrado, a través de intercambios constantes entre las culturas, a pesar de las barreras discriminatorias. La literatura, en este sentido, no es una excepción y es necesario discutir la relación entre la literatura coreana y la hispanoamericana desde la perspectiva de la literatura comparativa. El presente estudio ofrece una mirada más cercana al proceso y a los distintos aspectos del modo en que las obras de los escritores hispanoamericanos han sido aceptadas en Corea del Sur. La literatura hispanoamericana se ha introducido en Corea desde principios del siglo XX y se extendió rápidamente a partir de los ochenta, cuando la controversia literaria del posmodernismo se desató y las obras de Borges y García Márquez fueron presentadas a los lectores coreanos. Sería interesante examinar los aspectos sobre cómo los escritores hispanoamericanos como Neruda, Borges y García Márquez se han integrado en la literatura coreana. En esta etapa, sin embargo, es difícil determinar si su influencia es suficientemente permanente como para convertirse en un linaje, o simplemente se trata de un fenómeno temporal. No obstante, la literatura hispanoamericana seguirá expandiendo interrelaciones crecientes con la coreana más allá de las fronteras, ejerciendo una gran influencia entre sí.
Diplomacia, inteligencia exterior y secreto diplomático frente a los desafíos de la era global
Authors: Zamora Carlos Murillo
Published: January 2016

En las últimas décadas, sobre todo tras el fin de la Guerra Fría, se han producido cambios profundos en el sistema internacional, que hoy se caracteriza por una nueva arquitectura y la construcción de un nuevo orden internacional; además algunos eventos particulares y revelaciones sobre las tareas de los agentes diplomáticos y de inteligencia han conducido a variaciones en dos instituciones claves de las relaciones internacionales: diplomacia e inteligencia, a lo cual se suma la revolución en las tecnologías de información y comunicación, y plantea serios cuestionamientos sobre el secreto diplomático. Este constituye un recurso fundamental en la gestión de la diplomacia, tanto en la vía de obtener información para la toma de decisiones como en la de transmitir los mensajes a la población del país en donde se acredita al diplomático. En el artículo se usa como ejemplo el caso de Costa Rica.
Inteligencia Estratégica en un mundo globalizado en Latinoamérica: Retos y desafíos en el siglo XXI
Authors: Saavedra Boris
Published: January 2016

La inteligencia en general ha sido catalogada como algo misterioso por las experiencias históricas en Latinoamérica así como por el desconocimiento en general sobre la verdadera esencia de la inteligencia como actividad primordial del Estado. Este trabajo se enfoca en el análisis del papel de la Inteligencia Estratégica como elemento fundamental de la política pública de seguridad y defensa de la nación en Latinoamérica. Los cambios ocurridos en los albores del presente siglo para la recolección y análisis para la producción de inteligencia son fundamentales. El análisis del poder, internet, la tecnología digital, robótica y computadoras inteligentes son responsables de los cambios más acelerados de nuestra historia. La Inteligencia Estratégica requiere una reforma integral de funcionamiento, en cinco aspectos a destacar: 1) Distinción en materia de competencia de los organismos de inteligencia. 2) la dependencia de los organismos de inteligencia. 3) Limitar la asignación de competencias en materia de inteligencia interior. 4) Establecimiento de un órgano de coordinación al máximo nivel del Estado y 5) Controles externos eficaces. Estos aspectos son imprescindibles para un sistema de inteligencia estratégico acorde con las exigencias del presente y futuro.
Effect of Leadership Styles, Organizational Climate and Ethos of Work on Employee Productivity (PT. HP Metals Indonesia the Powder Coating)
Authors: Nasution Ade Parluangan , Mahargiono Ponco Bambang , Soesatyo Yoyok
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study is to investigate and examine the effect of leadership style on employee productivity, identify and examine the effect of organizational climate on employee productivity, to identify and examine the effect of the work ethic on employee productivity, in order to know and examine the variables that have the most impact level dominant on employee productivity PT. HP Metals Indonesia part Powder Coating.

This research is an explanatory research or study the explanation, the research describes causal relationships between variables through hypothesis testing. The numbers of sample in this study are 98 respondents. The independent variables consist of: Leadership styles (X1), Organizational Climate (X2), Work Ethics (X3). The dependent variable in this study is Productivity employee (Y). While, the technique of analysis using multiple linear regression analysis
Based on the analysis in this study showed that the variables of leadership style, organizational climate, work ethic on employee productivity responded well by employees. Aspects of leadership style that followed targeted Climate employee srated the organization has also been rated as good, especially on the cooperation between employees and management, while at the work ethic of employee srated very high, especially on adherence to regulations, adherence to labor standards and work ethics. And employee productivity is also very positive response from almost all three elements, namely timeliness, quality of work and quantity of work.
The Relationship between the Feeling of Psychological Security among Talented Adolescents at Gifted and Talented Schools in Ajloun Governorate in Jordan and Academic Achievement Level
Authors: Alnawasreh Faisal Issa
Published: January 2016

This study aims to disclose the relationship between the feeling of psychological security among talented adolescents at Gifted and Talented Schools in Ajloun Governorate/Jordan and Academic Achievement level, and its relationship to some demographic factors: (gender, class). In order to achieve the objectives of the study, it was used Maslow scale of feeling of security, and it was developed by Al-diwani and Al-dirani (1983) to match the Jordanian Arab environment, and to identify and ensure validity and reliability, the sample consisted of 100 talented students were selected randomly from class of supreme basic and secondary schools. It was analyzed the data through the arithmetic averages standard deviations and value of (t), the multi variance analysis correlation coefficient between psychological security & academic achievement, and the study came up with some results including: that the level of psychological security between the talented students ranged between medium, high. And there is statistically significant effect when (α≤0.05) between psychological security and its dimensions at class factor for the seventh class (12 years) and there is statistically significant effect when α≤0.05 between  psychological security and its dimensions at the gender factor in favor of females. And there is a positive correlation relationship between psychological security and its dimensions and academic achievement among the talented. And the results were discussed in the light of the theoretical framework & previous studies, it was suggested some recommendations on the basis of the results of the study.
A Hybrid Global Optimization Method Based on Genetic Algorithm and Shrinking Box
Authors: Ramadan Saleem Z.
Published: January 2016

This paper proposes a hybrid genetic algorithm method for optimizing constrained black box functions utilizing shrinking box and exterior penalty function methods (SBPGA). The constraints of the problem were incorporated in the fitness function of the genetic algorithm through the penalty function. The hybrid method used the proposed Variance-based crossover (VBC) and Arithmetic-based mutation (ABM) operators; moreover, immigration operator was also used. The box constraints constituted a hyperrectangle that kept shrinking adaptively in the light of the revealed information from the genetic algorithm about the optimal solution. The performance of the proposed algorithm was assessed using 11 problems which are used as benchmark problems in constrained optimization literatures. ANOVA along with a success rate performance index were used to analyze the model.
Based on the results, we believe that the proposed method is fairly robust and efficient global optimization method for Constrained Optimization Problems whether they are continuous or discrete.
John Zorn et Tzadik : genèse d’un projet discographique
Authors: Féron François-Xavier
Published: January 2016

Fondée en 1995 par John Zorn, Tzadik est une maison de disques indépendante qui a publié en 20 ans plus de 700 albums répartis à travers une douzaine de collections différentes. À l’image de son directeur artistique, Tzadik se distingue par son éclectisme et son goût prononcé pour l’expérimentation sonore et l’hybridation des genres musicaux. Afin de mieux comprendre les origines et les spécificités de cette maison de disques, nous nous sommes penché sur la carrière et la personnalité de Zorn, revenant sur ses collaborations avec différentes maisons de disques dont Nonesuch, rappelant l’importance qu’il accorde au contenu visuel de ses albums, soulignant ses liens étroits avec le Japon où son actuel associé Kazunori Sugiyama lui avait confié dès 1992 la direction artistique du sous-label (sous-étiquette) Avant.
MHC-compatible bone marrow stromal/stem cells trigger fibrosis by activating host T cells in a scleroderma mouse model
Authors: Ogawa Yoko , Morikawa Satoru , Okano Hideyuki , Mabuchi Yo , Suzuki Sadafumi , Yaguchi Tomonori , Sato Yukio , Mukai Shin , Yaguchi Saori , Inaba Takaaki , Okamoto Shinichiro , Kawakami Yutaka , Tsubota Kazuo , Matsuzaki Yumi , Shimmura Shigeto
Published: January 2016

Fibrosis of organs is observed in systemic autoimmune disease. Using a scleroderma mouse, we show that transplantation of MHC compatible, minor antigen mismatched bone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs) play a role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Removal of donor BMSCs rescued mice from disease. Freshly isolated PDGFRα+ Sca-1+ BMSCs expressed MHC class II following transplantation and activated host T cells. A decrease in FOXP3+ CD25+ Treg population was observed. T cells proliferated and secreted IL-6 when stimulated with mismatched BMSCs in vitro. Donor T cells were not involved in fibrosis because transplanting T cell-deficient RAG2 knock out mice bone marrow still caused disease. Once initially triggered by mismatched BMSCs, the autoimmune phenotype was not donor BMSC dependent as the phenotype was observed after effector T cells were adoptively transferred into naïve syngeneic mice. Our data suggest that minor antigen mismatched BMSCs trigger systemic fibrosis in this autoimmune scleroderma model.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of Substituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Isoindolines via a Silver(I) Triflate‐Promoted Tandem Reaction
Authors: Xing Siyang , Ren Jing , Wang Kui , Cui Hong , Yan Han , Li Wenrui
Published: January 2016

A new silver(I) triflate‐promoted tandem reaction comprising the ring opening of aziridines and a Michael reaction has been developed. Using secondary amines or primary amines as nucleophiles, this methodology allows for the synthesis of cis‐1‐alkyl‐4‐aminotetrahydroisoquinolines or cis‐1,3‐disubstituted isoindolines in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities, respectively. Besides, easy operation and mild reaction conditions are also notable features of this tandem reaction.

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Asymmetric α‐Hydroxylation of β‐Indanone Esters and β‐Indanone Amides Catalyzed by C‐2′ Substituted Cinchona Alkaloid Derivatives
Authors: Wang Yakun , Yin Hang , Qing Hai , Zhao Jingnan , Wu Yufeng , Meng Qingwei
Published: January 2016

The highly catalytic asymmetric α‐hydroxylation of β‐indanone esters and β‐indanone amides using peroxide as the oxidant was realized with a new C‐2′ substituted Cinchona alkaloid derivatives. The two enantiomers of α‐hydroxy‐β‐indanone esters could be obtained by simply changing the oxidant. This protocol allows a convenient access to the corresponding α‐hydroxy‐β‐indanone esters and α‐hydroxy‐β‐indanone amides with up to 99% yield and 98% ee.

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Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones with Modified Grubbs Metathesis Catalysts: On the Way to a Tandem Process
Authors: Renom‐Carrasco Marc , Gajewski Piotr , Pignataro Luca , de Vries Johannes G. , Piarulli Umberto , Gennari Cesare , Lefort Laurent
Published: January 2016

Herein, we report the successful transformation of a 1st generation Grubbs metathesis catalyst into an asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) catalyst. Upon addition of a chiral amine ligand, an alcohol and a base, the 1st generation Hoveyda–Grubbs catalyst (HG‐I) was found to promote the enantioselective reduction of acetophenone to 1‐phenylethanol. After optimizing the order of addition and the reaction conditions, the substrate scope was assessed leading to enantiomeric excesses up to 97% ee. NMR experiments were run in order to get information about the in situ‐generated ATH catalyst. Furthermore, the possibility to perform olefin metathesis and ketone transfer hydrogenation sequentially in one pot was demonstrated, and the first tandem olefin metathesis–ketone asymmetric transfer hydrogenation was carried out.

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A 31‐year trend of the hourly precipitation over South China and the underlying mechanisms
Authors: Fu Shenming , Li Deshuai , Sun Jianhua , Si Dong , Ling Jian , Tian Fuyou
Published: January 2016

On the basis of a newly developed intensive hourly observational precipitation dataset, the precipitation trend of South China was investigated. Results indicate that the hourly precipitation over South China featured a significant increasing trend, particularly for the extreme precipitation category. The trend is mainly due to the increasing frequency of the precipitation events. A possible mechanism accounting for this increasing trend was proposed: the global warming may be the original forcing for the trend, through its modulation on activities of the western Pacific subtropical high, but the low‐level vorticity is the most important direct trigger.
Transapical implantation of a self‐expandable aortic valve prosthesis utilizing a novel designed positioning element
Authors: Liu Xiaopeng , Tang Yue , Luo Fuliang , Tian Yi , Li Kai , Sun Jiakang , Jia Liujun , Wang Wei
Published: January 2016

Objectives

To evaluate a new transapical system which utilizes a novel designed positioning element and a two‐step positioning mechanism for easy and accurate implantation of transcatheter valves.

Background

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is an important treatment option for non‐surgical patients with severe aortic stenosis. However, accurate placement of the transcatheter valve remains challenging.

Methods

Self‐expandable aortic valve prosthesis with a flexibly connected, annulus‐like positioning element was implanted through a transapical approach in 12 pigs. The positioning element was separated and can be released independent of the valve prosthesis. During valve implantation, firstly, the positioning element was unsheathed and fixed into the aortic sinus. Then, the prosthetic valve was guided to an anatomically oriented position and deployed. Six animals were followed up to 180 days.

Results

With the help of the positioning element, all 12 valves were successfully deployed at the anticipated site. The valve release procedure took an average of 7.3 ± 2.5 min. The mean transvalvular pressure gradient was 2.8 ± 1.1 mm Hg at valve deployment. Of the six chronic animals, the mean transvalvular pressure gradient was 3.0 ± 1.0 mm Hg on day 7, and 2.9 ± 1.6 mm Hg on day 180 (P = 0.91). No migration, embolization, or coronary obstruction was observed during surgery and at necropsy. Pathological examination showed anatomically correct positioning of the prosthetic valve without signs of thrombosis or calcification.

Conclusions

In this study, we confirmed the feasibility of the J‐Valve transapical system for transapical implantation through a two‐step process. Satisfactory hemodynamic and pathological performance during a follow‐up of 180 days was demonstrated. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.