bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Software Package for Ensuring the Security of Web Projects Based on CMS WordPress
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Bakhracheva Yulia , Panin Aleksej ,   Volgograd State University, Aleeva Arina ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2021

For every company that develops modern Internet projects, one of the most important tasks is to ensure the necessary level of information protection in its web project. When an Internet project developing company consistently protects its information system, it creates a reliable and secure environment for its activities on the World Wide Web. Damage, leakage, lack and theft of information from the site will inevitably lead to a decrease in the level of trust in the organization as a whole, as well as to problems with the law, which is always a loss for each company. For example, there may be losses from the bad reputation of the developer, the lack of customers, the costs of resuming the stable operation of an Internet project based on the WordPress content management system, or the loss of important information contained in the system. In the paper, an algorithm of the software complex was developed, which includes three main blocks: data acquisition and backup creation, processing of information about the system, and the use of protection mechanisms. A software package has been developed to ensure the security of web projects based on CMS WordPress.
Analysis of Electromagnetic Compatibility of Microprocessor Relay Protection and Automation Devices
Authors:   MPEI Branch in Volzhsky, Zenina Elena
Published: December 2021

In the modern conditions of the development of the electric power complex, relay protection and automation devices play a special role related to protection against possible damage resulting from violations of normal operating modes, both of individual elements and the entire power system as a whole. This, in turn, directly affects the reliable and stable functioning of the main power elements and electrical equipment. Damage to the power part of the equipment of an electric grid complex can be caused by changes in the main parameters of the normal mode: a change (increase) in currents leads to overloads and, in the limit, to short circuits, a decrease in voltage leads to an avalanche of voltage and disruption of the operation of electric motors connected to the damaged section, and an increase in voltage leads to overvoltages in certain sections. In addition, violations associated with a decrease in the transmitted active power lead to a change in frequency, and a violation of the reactive power balance leads to a change in voltage in certain sections, which generally leads to noncompliance with the power balance and loss of stable operation of the power system. The main reasons for failures in operation, false and excessive triggering of microprocessor relay protection devices are considered. The main ways of solving the problem of electromagnetic compatibility in the electric power industry are identified. A solution is proposed to improve the reliability of the operation of microprocessor relay protection devices and the way of development of the problem of electromagnetic compatibility in the electric power industry is shown.
The concept of a Hardware-Software System for Protecting IIoT Devices
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Lobyzov Viktor , Shevtsov Vadim ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2021

The Internet of Things is a new trend in the development of information technologies, actively spreading as interconnected functional nodes that by default have the means to ensure interaction directly with each other, or with the external environment. The development of such networks is a phenomenon that can radically change the world economy, as well as social processes. As a result of the application of this layer of information technologies, the need for direct human control over actions and operations will be eliminated. One of the most common household examples is a “smart home” – a computer network of interconnected devices using various data transfer protocols with the ability to access this network from an external network. So, thanks to IoT, it is possible to configure devices in the house by remote access. The paper deals with the main security methods against attacks and threats of IIoT devices. The information infrastructure was analyzed, an idea of the architecture of IIoT systems was obtained, and the information transmission path was identified. An analysis of the IIoT regulatory framework governing security, architecture and data exchange in IIoT systems has been carried out, documents governing the Industrial Internet of Things have been identified. The best communication protocol has been identified. Subsequently, the threats of the protocol were selected, and possible means and methods of protection were identified. For IIoT gateways, the concept of a hardware-software complex was presented as a prototype, and a comparison was made with existing solutions.
Development of Innovative Materials for Forensic Examination
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Ermakova Tatyana , Vasiliev Vasily ,   Volgograd Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Akatyev Vladimir ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2021

In the production of experimental studies related to the modeling of the behavior of human soft tissues in such widespread types of forensic examinations as forensic ballistic, tracological, forensic examination of cold and throwing weapons, forensic medical-use bioimitators. Human corpses, animal carcasses, and their living individuals are used as such objects, but in recent decades, with the development of chemistry and chemical technology, various artificial substitutes have become increasingly widespread – colloidal systems based on gelatin, soap, mixtures of petroleum petrolatum, as well as specialized compositions. Among the main advantages of using soft tissue substitutes are the following: visibility of the results obtained, availability of synthetic materials, uniformity of structure, reproducibility of experimental results with a statistically reliable amount, as well as, if necessary, the possibility of varying mechanical parameters for physical modeling of the characteristics of human biological tissues within the framework of an expert experiment. The paper proposes a technology for obtaining a reusable synthetic compound that allows modeling the properties of human soft tissues. The synthetic compound provides the transfer of general patterns of morphology of the formed gunshot injuries, similar to gunshot wounds on biological materials.
On the Influence of Carbon Nanotubes on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Zaporotskova Irina , Kalinichenko Vladislav ,   National Research Technological University “MISiS”, Kozhitov Lev ,   National Research Technological University “MISiS”, Zaporotskov Pavel ,   Volgograd State University, Kislova Tatyana ,   Volgograd State University
Published: December 2021

One of the most interesting and promising materials of our time is carbon nanotubes. Most applications of nanotubes are associated with the possibility of combining them with other materials in the form of alloys, mixtures, composites or hybrid materials. In particular, the idea of including carbon nanotubes as a filler in various polymer-based matrices (for example, traditional polymers such as thermoplastics, thermosetting materials or elastomers, as well as conjugated polymers) for the formation of polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites has revolutionized materials science and engineering. The introduction of carbon nanotubes into the composite structure affects the structure and properties of the polymer binder, as well as the composite material as a whole. Currently, there are no experimental developments on the basis of which the introduction, distribution and stabilization of the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in polymer composites would be implemented in industrial technology. The development of the most effective methods for introducing carbon nanotubes into polymer materials and determining their effect on the physical and mechanical properties of polymers is an urgent and priority task. It is possible that these methods will be able to find application in the industrial production of polymer composite materials intended for use and operation in various extreme conditions (whether it is high temperatures, erosion, high force exposure or highly acidic/highly alkaline environments). The main physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene samples saturated with carbon nanotubes taken at different concentrations (0; 0.01; 0.05 and 0.1 wt. %), who found that the addition of CNT in large quantities negatively affects the tensile and bending strength limits, which may be associated with an increase in the degree of heterogeneity of the structure and the appearance of large agglomerates, which will be points of stress concentration. With an increase in the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes in the polymer nanocomposite, the tangent of the dielectric loss angle increases, which leads to better conductivity of the sample containing a larger number of nanotubes. This may be due to the fact that nanotubes become conductors of electric current in the volume of the polymer matrix.
Specificity of Socio-Economic Processes in the Hungarian Microregion
Authors:   University of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Kárász Katalin
Published: December 2021

The Kunhegyesi District is the most disadvantaged district in the Northern Great Plain Region of Hungary. The aim of this study, which serves as a basis for a social comparative analysis of the District’s settlements in the future, is to understand the demographic processes. Population in the District has been steadily decreasing since 2011 besides lower income levels, poorer health indicators and a higher proportion of premature mortality. Two out of three children are disadvantaged, while the vast majority of young people drops out of secondary school without any qualification. The higherthan-average proportion of Roma population alone does not explain worsening economic output, economic performance has nothing to do with ethnic origin. Reasons are rather to be found in the deterioration of social mobility of the past two decades. Similarly to areas with a higher proportion of Roma population, the District also undergoes an exodus of nonRoma, resulting in ghettoization, thereby further diminishing chances of social mobility. Thanks to social inclusion and recovery programs, as well as the commitment of local Roma stakeholders, promising changes are coming true with an increase in qualification and employment levels and a decrease in the number of disadvantaged children, question is whether development is sustainable in the long run, and also, whether the District has a potential to independently selfsustain social development.
Financial Stability of Regional Budgets in Conditions of Cyclic Development of the Russian Economy. Part 2
Authors:   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Zhuravleva Tatyana , Semenova Elena ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Goltsova Olga ,   Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to financial stability assessment of regional budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the conditions of cyclical development of the national economic system. The authors identified the regional budgets of the following regions of the Russian Federation as objects of research: Rostov region, Republic of Kalmykia and Orel region. Financial and economic performance of the administration of budgets of these territorial units for the period 2010–2019, which are reflected in the previous article (Part 1) of the authors, were taken as the subject. The purpose of the article is to reflect the features of the practical application of the methodology presented by the authors for the analysis of changes in the financial stability of regional budgets of specific regions against the background of the impact of external economic forces (decrease in world energy prices, sanctions to Russian companies and entrepreneurs). The relevance of the research topic is connected with the demand for a high-quality and objective financial analysis of the budgets of specific regions of the Russian Federation against the background of the general economic crisis affecting all the main spheres of society, as well as negatively influencing economic and social policy, both at federal and regional levels. When making generalized assessments and conclusions about the dynamics of changes in the level of financial stability of the regional budgets of Rostov region, the Republic of Kalmykia and Orel region, the authors suggested a system of indicators characterizing the budget in the following main areas: budget efficiency, financial stability, as well as the balance of the revenues and expenditures of the regional budget. On the basis of analytical research, the authors found that regions characterized as financially stable have the following features: presence of a highquality and well-functioning process of planning and administration of the regional budget; effective use of the potential of region’s industrial resource base; active investment in projects, both promising, profitable, and socially significant. In the course of the study of regions with a low level of financial independence (the Republic of Kalmykia and Orel region), the authors noted that the consistently worsening economic sphere in the Russian economy leads to an acceleration of the rates of the degradation of social and economic situation of the entire region, thereby reducing financial opportunities of the corresponding budget, what consequently results in the decrease in the quality of life of the population of the regions under analysis.
Foreign and National Experience of Implementation of Infrastructural Projects and Territorial Development Programs
Authors:   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Patrakeeva Olga
Published: December 2021

Infrastructural investment differs significantly from the forecasted indicators because of global demand. The politicization and overregulation of global infrastructure market negatively affects its growth. The effectiveness of state programs depends on quality of the institutional environment. The paper analyses approaches to the implementation of national programs in China, USA, Great Britain, and Germany. China’s high economic growth rate is due not only to low cost of labor, but also to the fact of joining the World Trade Organization and large-scale infrastructure investments. Successful experience of infrastructural programs’ implementation in the UK is mostly due to the fact that the selection of projects is based on their social and economic significance and is made in accordance with the goals of public policy. Public and private partnership (PPP) is a popular mechanism for infrastructure projects’ financing. However, there are cases of inefficient public and private partnership (PPP) projects. Risks of a private partner may not correspond to the level of required profitability even under conditions of strategic decision making when project is supported by the state. Infrastructural bonds are an effective tool for public and private partnership (PPP) in conditions of a shortage of credit resources for the construction of expensive infrastructural facilities. Risks associated with project implementation can be reduced thank to management quality. Public control encourages the state to evaluate large infrastructural projects in terms of economic benefits and potential environmental, and social consequences. The issues of infrastructural development are relevant for Russian regions. The gap between demand and actual investment is 1.63% of GDP. National infrastructure projects should be implemented in accordance with goals and objectives of strategies of social and economic development.
Legal Barriers and Risks of Regional Economy Digitalization
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Yakhtin Vasily
Published: December 2021

The scientific article is dedicated to the study of existing regulatory and legal barriers that prevent the digitalization of the regional economy. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to create a favorable legal environment for the digitalization project development. In addition, the significance of the research topic is determined by the possible occurrence of national state interests’ threats. The general scientific research methods were used when writing the article, such as the analysis of normative legal acts, the study and generalization of information, classification. The article contains a conclusion about the current normative project activity trends of regional economy digitalization in the Russian Federation. By the end of 2019, less than half of the Russian Federation’s regions have developed economy digitalization programs. This fact is based on the lack of understanding of economy transformation concept among the authorities. Moreover, this situation is caused by the imperfectness of the methodological base. The article also identifies the “weak spots” of the domestic industry legislation that hinder the “digital economy” development and lead to the occurrence of threat to national state interests. Particular importance in the context of ensuring the national interests of the Russian Federation have legislative gaps on the use of citizens’ personal data as well as the information constituting state, banking, and medical secrets. The conducted research will allow participants of strategic planning at all levels of administration and subjects of law-making in the Russian Federation to form draft normative legal acts containing necessary provisions for the effective economy transformation in the context of digitalization.
Social Media As a Tool of Influence on Regional Audience of the Russian Media
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Pyankova Svetlana , Ergunova Olga ,   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Batova Vera ,   Penza State Technological University, Motorin Artem ,   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: December 2021

In the context of competition between the traditional media among themselves and with new media, it is important to improve the methods of influence on the regional audience for the achievement of the goals and survival on media markets of federal entities of the Russian Federation. The study analyzes how effectively traditional media use all the opportunities provided by social networks, and suggests a way to improve media adaptation to new formats of interaction with regional audience. The article analyzes the approaches to the definition and distinctive characteristics of social networks in the social media system, describes the possibilities of social networks in the influence on the audience, identifies the specificity of social media impact on the regional audience in media communities. A content analysis of six media communities was carried out. An analysis of the effectiveness of their impact on the regional audience of the social network was also made. On the basis of the study, a model of effective impact on the regional audience of social networks in media communities is suggested. The model takes into account the content strategy, content list and picturing of posts, interaction with the audience, manipulation, community monetization, visual design and assessment of the community effectiveness. With the help of the proposed model of influence on the regional audience of Russian media, it is possible to improve qualitatively the indicators of the community. It is assumed that the described model will allow establishing friendly relations with the audience and increase the efficiency of achieving the commercial goals of publications through the monetization of the community. The suggested model can be used at the planning stage of creation of a new community, which is suitable for both regional publishing houses and is based on the preferences of the audience of the social network which is identified in the content analysis.
Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Pregnant COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Doroshenko Dmitriy A. , Rumyantsev Yuriy I. , Konisheva Olga V. , Samorukova Alla S. , Vechorko Valeriy I. , Adamyan Leyla V.
Published: December 2021

Background. The new coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which has arisen as a result of infection SARS-CoV-2, which causes severe respiratory syndrome, is characterized by high morbidity, mortality and is a big problem in the health sector. The aim to use 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) in combination with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the assessment of left ventricular longitudinal strain (LVGLS) in pregnant women with confirmed coronavirus infection, hospitalized in the O.M. Filatov Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 15, Moscow, Russian Federation. Methods. The results of STE were analyzed in 102 pregnant women with confirmed coronavirus infection at the hospital stage of treatment. Results. There was no decrease in LVGLS values in pregnant women with COVID-19 without a history of cardiovascular pathology. There was also no additional decrease in the LVGLS value in pregnant women with COVID-19 and initially reduced LVGLS in the presence of a cardiovascular history (the results were consistent with those in pregnant women with concomitant cardiovascular pathology, but without a new coronavirus infection). Conclusions. In pregnant women with COVID-19 without a history of concomitant pathology, STE did not provide additional information regarding possible subclinical left ventricular dysfunction.
Study of Antimicrobial Resistance in Recreational Water Bodies
Authors: Roy Udita , GuhaPolley Soumi
Published: December 2021

Thc development and proliferation of antibiotic resistance in pathogen, commensal and environmcntal microorganisms is a major heallh conccrn. The natural environment may act as a site of propagation and maintenance of antibiotic resistance and greatly depends on various human activities.
The anthropogenic activities leading to rise and dissemination of antibiotic resistance should be studied extensively. Recreational water bodies can act both as the recipient and reservoir of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and thus serve as a potent site of horizntal transfer of antibiotic
resistant genes and dissemination of the same to environmental microbes. In the current study, water samples of recreational water bodies were investigated as possible sources of antibiotic resistant bacterial population. Water samples from RabindraSarobar of Kolkata was surveyed and antibiotic
resistance patern of gram negative fecal coliforrnswere mainly evaluated. Many of them were found to be Multidrug resistant(MDR) which is of great concem to the public health.
Edaphic components of Mangrove Dominated Lothian And Prentice Island In Sundarbans North -East Coast of India.
Authors: Del Amlan , Ghosh Debaleena , Ghosh Phanibhusan , De Tanm Kumar
Published: December 2021

Physico-chcmical analysis of mangrove soils in two islands (Prentice and Lothian) in sundarban areas were carried out and compared to highlight the quality of the soils that facilitate the existence as well as survival various flora and fauna to play immense role in the stability of the environment. Study revealed that there were slight differences in the grain size, pH, organic carbon and exchangeable calcium (Ca12) and magnesium (Mg12) content in soils of these two islands. The litter of the mangrove forest might. play vital role not only on the variation of carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) and carbon to phosphorous ratio (C/P) but also retention ability of these essential nutritional elements in soils. Ca+2and Mg+2were the principal cations as observed in exchange reactions. Potassiun ion (K+) recorded comparatively higher values than the sodium ion (Na+) in these soils probably due to more amnily for K+uptake in the existing biotic community as well as trapping capacity by edaphic components in these areas.
Review on Graphene Nanoparticle Composites
Authors: Ghosh Ankita , Samaddar' Soma
Published: December 2021

In recent years, graphene has attracted atlcntion. Grapheneis a thick planar sheet of Sp2 bonded carbon atoms. Its lattice is honey comb structure. Graphene is one of the most rising material due to its various fascinatingl properties. From recent study it is proved that
graphene based composites with different nanoparticle show extensive applielltion. In this review we focus on recent developement in the synthetic approach, properties and the facilities of use of graph nanoparticle comosites. The advantages of graphene-nanupartide composites are specifically
observed in catalytic reactions, electrochemical sensing, detection by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, purification of waterusing adsurbent and other applications are discussed here.
Indian sacred groves: Floristic diversity, Ecology and conservation
Authors: Manna Saikat , Roy Anirban
Published: December 2021

Practice of conservation of biological diversity in India had been carried out since dates back and sacred groves, the socially protected forest patches, are such classic evidence. Since pre-Vedic period, India has its legacy of harbouring numerous sacred groves almost in every part
ofthe country especially in the Western Ghats , and North-East Himalayan region. These small fragmented forest patches are well known especially for sustaining rich biological heritage, entailing ecological history of the region and being a local biodiversity hotspot through in-situ
conservation of both floral and faunal components especially the rare and endemic ones. Sacred groves also represent ideal community organization for functioning of many ecological processes providing valuable ecosystem services like soil and water conservation, nutrient cycling and many more.
Tn India, various systems of traditional conservation practices have been reported as the country is known for its socio-cultural diversity. In the past few decades, the existence of sacred groves is being challenged through serious lhrcals like cncroachment, loss of belief in taboos and many
modern developmental practices. It is the need of hour to protect these ecological heritage by adopting integrated sustainable management practices through communlity involvement and convergence of various schemes of different sectors.
Physical exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy for reducing behavioral and psychological symptoms in elderly with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials
Authors: RODRIGUES Susana Lígia da Silva , SILVA Jamily Matias da , OLIVEIRA Maria Clara Cordeiro de , SANTANA Charleny Mary Ferreira de , CARVALHO Kaliandra Meneses , BARBOSA Breno José Alencar Pires
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Background: Elderly people with dementia may exhibit behavioral and psychological symptoms throughout the course of disease. Non-pharmacological therapies, such as regular physical activity, are considered strategies for managing these symptoms. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether participation in physical exercise programs is effective in reducing behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms in elderly people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods: A literature review was carried out in MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases from 2010 to 2020. The eligible studies were randomized clinical trials involving elderly people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia and assessing changes in neuropsychiatric and psychological symptoms as primary or secondary outcomes. The studies had a group with only physical exercise as an intervention compared to a control group. Results: Of 175 publications identified in the initial survey, only 7 studies met the eligibility criteria. Four out of 7 studies demonstrated positive effects in reducing behavioral symptoms, while the others did not report differences between gains according to the type of protocol. Conclusions: Moderate to intense aerobic and muscle strengthening exercises may have a potential benefit in the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia, but studies varied in their conclusions. This review indicates the need for further intervention studies to investigate, as a primary outcome, the absolute effect of physical exercise and its impact on behavioral and psychological symptoms in elderly people with MCI dementia, especially in the early stages of the disease.
The historical differential diagnosis of the disease that afflicted Aleijadinho, the famous 18th century Brazilian sculptor
Authors: SOHLER Renato Puccioni , DE LIMA Leonã Santana , ZATTA Vinícius Zanotti , CHAMBRIARD Claude Jacques , DE FREITAS Marcos Raimundo Gomes
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Background: The famous Brazilian Baroque sculptor named Antônio Francisco Lisboa, known as “Aleijadinho” (1738–1814), suffered from a deforming disease of the lower and upper limbs. The condition was characterized by atrophy, paresis and amputation. His face was also affected, with inflammation of the eyelids, deviation of the labial commissure, drooping of the chin and lower lip, giving him a sinister expression. Despite the disabling and chronic illness, he produced several works of great expression in the 18th and 19th centuries. Some of them were declared World Heritage Sites by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Objective: To discuss the historical differential diagnosis of Aleijadinho’s disease through a narrative review of the literature. Methods: Scientific articles were searched in databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed and Lilacs using the term “Aleijadinho”. Subsequently, data were collected in articles and books about the possible diseases of the sculptor. Results: Since the first clinical report on the sculptor, several historians and doctors have attempted to establish a diagnosis and several hypotheses have been proposed such as: syphilis, yaws (frambesia tropica), rheumatoid arthritis, Hansen’s disease (leprosy), thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger disease), zamparina, cardina, porphyria cutanea tarda, stroke, amyloidosis, trauma and/or scurvy. Conclusions: Based on the literature, the authors conclude that the most likely diagnosis of Aleijadinho’s disease is consistent with leprosy.
Elaboração e validação de uma escala diagramática para a queima bacteriana do alho
Authors: Marcuzzo Leandro Luiz , Paulakoski Aline Cristina , Patricio Diego Inácio , Fernandes José Mauricio Cunha
Published: December 2021

RESUMO A queima bacteriana do alho causada por Pseudomonas marginalis pv. marginalis é a principal bacteriose foliar na cultura. Pouco se conhece sobre a epidemiologia dessa doença e para sua avaliação não existe uma escala ilustrativa que descreva o quantitativo de severidade nas folhas. Com base nisso, esse trabalho teve como objetivo elaborar e validar uma escala diagramática para a doença. O trabalho foi realizado através da digitalização de 108 folhas de alho coletadas no Instituto Federal Catarinense - Campus de Rio do Sul com diferentes graus da doença. As imagens foram processadas para verificar o percentual de tecido lesionado presente na folha. A validação foi realizada por oito avaliadores sem e posteriormente com auxílio da escala diagramática com 30 folhas de alho com diferentes níveis de severidade. Obtiveram-se os valores representativos de 21, 37, 45, 56, 63 e 85% de severidade para compor a escala diagramática O uso da escala diagramática proporcionou maior acurácia e precisão das estimativas visuais para a avaliação da queima bacteriana do alho.
Influence of previous crops and fungicide seed treatment in the incidence and control of damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani in cotton seedlings under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Goulart Augusto César Pereira
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to verify the influence of previous crops and fungicide seed treatment in the incidence and control of damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani in cotton seedlings under greenhouse conditions. This experiment was carried out during two years at Embrapa Western Agriculture, in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. In addition to cotton (treated and untreated seeds) and fallow, the following cover crops were tested as previous crops: black oats, millet, corn, forage sorghum, soybean, common beans, crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), brachiaria (Urochloa ruziziensis) and brachiaria (Urochloa ruziziensis) + crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea). The fungicide mixture used as treatment to cotton seeds was triadimenol + pencycuron + tolylfluanid (50 + 50 + 30 g a.i./100 kg seeds). Seeds from cotton and previous crops were sown in soil contained in plastic trays and pots; the seeds were placed in individual and equidistant 3cm-deep wells. Inoculation of R. solani was obtained by homogeneously distributing the fungal inoculum onto the substrate surface (2.5g/tray and 0.34g/pot). The fungus was grown for 35 days on autoclaved black oat seeds subsequently ground to powder using a mill (1mm). Damping-off was daily evaluated from the seventh day after sowing. There was a significant effect of the interaction previous crops x fungicide treatment (P<0.05). The fungicide seed treatment was efficient in controlling seedling damping-off caused by R. solani and its effect was potentiated when grasses were the previous crops. Use of grasses such as brachiaria (Urochloa ruziziensis), black oats, millet, corn and forage sorghum as previous crops, besides fallow, significantly contributed to a smaller R. solani population in the soil, which resulted in lower rates of cotton seedling damping-off. On the other hand, using cotton continuously, as well as the legumes soybeans, beans, crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea), and brachiaria (Urochloa ruziziensis) + crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea) as previous crops to cotton, was consistently associated with higher rates of seedling damping-off, contributing to the increase or at least the maintenance of R. solani inoculum in the soil. The highest damping-off percentages were observed in plots under continuous cotton cultivation without fungicide seed treatment. The present results reinforce the need of improving damping-off control in cotton seedlings by adopting integrated management programs in areas infested with R. solani.
CHANGES OF SERUM CARDIAC TROPONIN I IN EXERCISE STRESS TEST AND AFTER EXERCISE
Authors: Mu Dinghong , Feng Jingjing , Sun Fangxia
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiac Troponin (CTN) has a strong organ specificity, which indicates that myocardial injury is present. However, it is worth noting that the increase does not suggest that the myocardium necessarily presents ischemic necrosis. Objective: To observe the changes in serum kerocalin I (CTNI) content after exercise, explore the effects of exercise training on hematocytes and that cause damage to myocardial cell stimulation. Methods: 18 rats were divided into three groups in this study, and three exercises were conducted separately. Results: After 6 weeks of exercise training, the number of red blood cells increased and the content of troponin I (CTNI) in the serum also significantly increased. The serum CTNI of the disposable large strength group was significantly higher than that of the quiet group (P <0.001). The serum CTNI in the 6-week exercise group was significantly higher than that of the quiet group (P <0.001), but the serum CTNI level between the two sports groups was not different. Conclusions: The motion training model used in this study can improve the number of red blood cells in the blood, improve synchronous blood capacity, and help the body's aerobic capacity increase. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
EFFECT OF CHINESE MEDICINE ON MUSCLE FATIGUE OF ATHLETES
Authors: Jin Ma
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Traditional Chinese medicine has a very good effect on the treatment of exercise fatigue. However, if it is not handled actively and effectively, it can cause serious adverse effects on the body and lead to many diseases. Objective: To study the effect of TCM diagnosis and treatment on athletes’ exercise-induced muscle fatigue. Methods: The results of the study were analyzed by comparing the experimental data in the experimental group and the control group. Results: A paired t test was conducted on the experimental results of the experimental intervention group and the data of the control group. It was found that regardless of individuals being male or female, the paired t test results of the experimental group and the data of the control group were all P < 0.05, showing significant differences in the paired data. Conclusions: In the experiment, all the treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine had an obvious effect in the treatment of exercise fatigue, and reduced the recovery time of exercise fatigue at different degrees. Contrastive analysis shows that traditional Chinese medicine is effective in the treatment of exercise fatigue. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) IMAGE IN REPAIRING TENDON INJURY IN ATHLETES
Authors: Li Hongliang
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: endon injury can usually be divided into the following types: fracture, dislocation, compression, bone insert, tendon injury, among which dislocation and compression are more common. Objective: To evaluate the application value of Computed Tomography (CT) image in tendon display. Methods: CT scan of the hands and feet was performed in our hospital for suspected tendon lesions. The CT and MRI data of 61 patients with tendon injury were retrospectively analyzed, and the diagnostic efficiency of CT and MRI were compared and analyzed. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of 61 patients was 89.71% (61/68). Except for chronic tendon injury (12/19), the diagnostic accuracy of other lesions was 100%. The sensitivity of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of hand tendon injury was 94.7% and 90.7%, the specificity was 99.3% and 98.6%, and the coincidence rate was 97.7% and 96.3%. Conclusions: CT images are accurate in localization and characterization of tendon injury, with high sensitivity and specificity, and can provide accurate anatomical basis for surgery. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
HIGH INTENSITY SPORTS PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHY BONE TISSUE
Authors: Fu Zhonghu , Gao Lijun
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise can promote the growth and development of bones and delay bone loss; it is more effective when started young. Objective: This paper analyzes the impact of human exercise on human bone health. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on elementary school students, and basic physical fitness monitoring was conducted. The physical fitness monitoring indicators covered ten items such as height and weight. Results: After the questionnaire survey and physical examination, it was found that there are differences in various physiological indicators between students who exercise frequently compared with students who exercise less frequently. Conclusion: Physical exercise can promote skeletal tissue development, therefore, young people should increase the practice of physical exercise. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON INCREASING THE MAXIMUM OXYGEN UPTAKE OF SKELETAL MUSCLE
Authors: Dong Gongwu , Wang Yu
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Aerobic exercise can improve the physical function of athletes and increase the oxygen content in skeletal muscles. This has a significant reference value for evaluating training effects and judging sports fatigue. Objective: Maximum oxygen uptake is one of the most critical indicators of aerobic work capacity. The thesis analyzes the medical promotion effect of physical exercise on the oxygen content of skeletal muscle. Methods: The thesis performed aerobic exercises on two groups of young rowers. Athletes in group A performed high-load exercise, and athletes in group B performed low-load exercise. At the same time, we placed a detector on the athletes’ skeletal muscle to test the volunteer's muscle oxygen content and other physiological indicators. Results: Comparing high-load exercise and low-load exercise, the maximum oxygen uptake and the utilization rate of the maximum oxygen uptake when reaching the anaerobic net were 10% and 16% higher, respectively. There was no difference in the activity of muscle enzymes between the two groups. Conclusions: After aerobic training, the muscle's oxygen utilization capacity is strengthened. Physical exercise promotes the maximum oxygen uptake of skeletal muscles. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
MEDICAL PROMOTION EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON PARKINSON'S DISEASE
Authors: Liu Hui , Sun Chang , Zhang Tengteng , Zhang Fengjiao , Zou Hongxu , Song Yunna , Xiao Zhangbo
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and older people. Some studies have shown that sports can reduce its impact on physical functions. Objective: Based on the abovementioned research background, this paper explores the effect of moderate physical exercise on muscle tone and body posture of patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods: The article selected 72 Parkinson patients admitted to our hospital's Parkinson's Medical Center from 2019 to 2020. These were divided into a basic drug treatment group and a sports intervention group. The Ashworth score, walking speed, walking cycle, and walking distance of the two groups were recorded. At the same time, we performed statistical data analysis on the two sets of data obtained. Results: Compared with the basic treatment group, the modified Ashworth score of the sports intervention group decreased after treatment (P<0.01). The walking speed of the sports intervention group increased, the walking cycle was shortened, and the distance of repeated steps increased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Appropriate physical exercise can reduce muscle tone in patients with Parkinson's disease. It helps them increase their pace and improve small gait symptoms. Sports can help Parkinson patients adjust their body posture and promote their clinical treatment. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAINING AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ATHLETES
Authors: Han Bo , Wang Baosen
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Studying the biomechanical characteristics of lower limb muscles during depth jumps is of great significance, but it is also important in meeting the practical needs of strength training. Objective: To explore the musculoskeletal exercise training and mechanical characteristics of athletes’ lower limbs. Methods: Analysis and discussion of the test results of kinematics, dynamics and the EMG of 8 muscles of the lower extremity when athletes jump at different falling heights and different motion states. Results: only by using different falling heights in a certain proportion can training efficiency be improved and the training effect of depth jumps reach the practical purpose of sports training. Conclusions: from the point of view of exercise physiology, the generation, storage and reuse of muscle elastic deformation energy and the reflex regulation of the central nervous system are the main reasons for the economic and efficient contractive ability of the extensor muscle group of lower limbs during depth jumps. From the point of view of muscle mechanical properties, the centrifugal contractility of lower limb muscles is the primary factor that determines the athletes’ lower limb muscle explosive push ability. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
MEDICAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVEL ON PROMOTING WOMEN'S CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH
Authors: Bao Jing
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Several studies have shown that insufficient physical activity has gradually become an independent risk factor for chronic diseases such as all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease. Objective: We screened women with different physical activities for cardiovascular risk factors by setting up questionnaires and conducting health examinations. This research can provide some theoretical basis for women's health maintenance. Methods: This study evaluated the level of physical activity, cardiovascular risk factors, and the cardiopulmonary function of urban women aged 40-49. We tested the fundamental physiological indicators of volunteers, as well as blood sugar, blood lipids, blood pressure, etc. Results: Women who practice a great deal of physical activity had lower BMI and body fat percentage. Their physiological indicators were healthier than those with a low amount of physical activity. Conclusion: Physical education programs have a significant effect in improving the physical fitness of the human body. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
BIOMECHANICAL ENERGY METABOLISM MODEL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
Authors: Jin Lu
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: This is a study on the reasonable organization and collocation of sports health elements in different sports forms, and how this is reflected through scientific exercise instructors. Objective: To improve the effect of sports medicine on the biomechanical energy metabolism of human health. Methods: The biomechanical model of knee joint stress was used to analyze the mechanical behavior of knee joint flexion, such as movement and contact; the variation law and peak value of stress on the contact surface of the tibiofemoral joint were obtained. Results: Based on the changes of stress on tibiofemoral joint contact surface and the peak value of the data obtained in this paper, the model and data basis were provided for guiding scientific sports training and sports medicine treatment, preventing knee joint sports injury, knee joint inflammation, and reasonably improving sports performance. Conclusions: Sports medicine is effective in improving human health. The objects of clinical exercise guidance include all people, from infancy to the old age. The function of exercise is recognized in the effect of the whole process of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of a variety of clinical diseases. The effectiveness of exercise in the whole process of disease is also recognized. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.