bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATING INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND THERMAL COMFORT USING DIFFERENT VENTILATION SYSTEMS UNDER IRAQI CLIMATE
Authors: Mahdi Ala'a A , Abbas Sara
Published: May 2019

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) of indoor environment as well as qualityconsiderations are important element in the study of energy consumption, thermal comfortand indoor air quality in buildings. This paper investigate a comparison work betweenimpinging jet, displacement, and mixing ventilation systems for an isothermal and nonisothermalventilated room for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) and thermal human comfort underIraqi climate. For IJV system, draught discomfort is the issue of most concern since itsupplies cooled air directly to the occupied zone. This study investigated a number of factorsinfluencing draught discomfort and temperature stratification in an office environment. Theconsidered factors, supply airflow rate and supply air temperature. RNG K-? turbulencemodel was used with the turbulent flow. The second aspect included numerical analyses byadopting ANSYS FLUENT15 code to generate simulation models. A square shaped airsupply device was used with [0.1 times room height (h)] outlet terminal height from the footlevel end. The IJV system proved more efficient than displacement and mixing ventilationsystems. The Air Distribution Performance Index (ADPI) obtained for an isothermal andnon-isothermal ventilated room adopting IJV system gave best values (0.80, 0.83)respectively compared with the other two ventilation systems.
EFFECT OF ADDING BORON CARBIDE (B4C) TO POLYMER FOR PRODUCING SURFACE COMPOSITE BY FRICTION STIR PROCESSING
Authors: Habeeb Bashaer A , Al-Roubaiy Ahmed O
Published: May 2019

Friction stir processing (FSP) is a new solid state technique, it is employed for theimprovement of the mechanical properties of a material and the production of surface layercomposites instead of conventional processing technologies. This research aims to study theability of applying Friction Stir Processing (FSP) to modify the surface of high densitypolyethylene (HDPE) reinforcing by B4C with a particle size of 0.4?m, Groove in themiddle of HDPE surface made to fill by B4C. Varity in the groove depth (0.6, 1.2 and1.8)mm used according to B4C ratio on HDPE substrate particles. Friction stir process wascarried out, using tool with cylindrical shape of pin and shoe tool to produce surface layercomposite. The effect of processing parameters including rotational and transverse speeds onthe mechanical properties of composite layer was studied. Wear test results show apronounced improvement in wear resistance of HDPE surface through reinforcementadditions of B4C at a ratio (5%, 10% and 15% ), where wear rate improved by (60%, 71%and 63%) respectively, as compared with as received HDPE, the surface compositeHDPE/B4C have good wear resistance. Hardness test results indicate that the hardness ofcomposite layer reinforced with (5%,10% and 15%) particles improved by( 26%, 35% and28% )respectively as compared with received HDPE. OM revealed that high tool rotationalspeed resulted in homogeneous distribution of B4C particles and vice versa.
THE EFFECT OF FINS PERFORATION AND MATERIAL TYPE ON THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF A HEAT SINK UNDER NATURAL CONVECTION
Authors: Hussein Maha A , Makhoul Mohammed I
Published: May 2019

An experimental study was done to investigate the effect of fin geometrymodification and material type on heat dissipation from a heat sink under natural convection.v-corrugated solid fin and v-corrugated perforated fin were designed for this purpose.Aluminum and Copper metals were selected in designing the fins because their wideapplication in cooling and heating equipment. Three different voltages 110, 150 and 200 Vsupplied to the heat sink to study their effects on the fins performance. Each experimentrepeats two times to reduce the error and the data recorded after reaching the steady stateconditions. The utilization of solid and perforated v-corrugated fins is compared. The resultsshowed that perforated fins dissipated heat more than corresponding solid by 15.4, 34 and32% for aluminum, and 2.7, 2.1 and 4.3% for copper fin in the three voltages. Also, theresults indicated that the heat loss by solid copper fin is greater by 56, 72 and 92% thancorresponding solid aluminum fin and for perforated fin case by 38, 31.7 and 51.9 % at110,150 and 200 V respectively.
STUDYING THE EFFECT OF POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE (PVP) ON CHARACTERIZATION OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED BY SOL – GEL METHOD
Authors: Kareem Shaima'a J
Published: May 2019

In this paper, studying synthesis zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) via sol - gel methodand effect of adding polymer in preparation its solution. Zinc nitrate hexahydrate,Polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP, distilled water and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were used asprecursor materials. Crystallization behavior of the ZnO was studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD). Nanoparticles phases can change from amorphous to wurtzite structure at thecalcination temperature (500 °C) and crystallite size by Scherrer’s formula about (21.131)nm for samples prepared with distilled water and (20.035)nm for samples prepared withdissolved PVP. Morphological and structural properties were investigated by scanningelectron microscopy (SEM). FT-IR spectra was indicated characteristic absorption bands ofZnO. UV-Vis absorption spectrum was shown a typical spectrum for ZnO nanoparticles.Finally, the results were shown the samples with dissolved PVP has smaller particles size,less agglomeration and narrow distribution but less purity phase when compared withsamples prepared with distilled water.
ELECTRODEPOSITION OF COPPER POWDER FROM MIXTURE SULPHATE –CHLORIDE ACIDIC SOLUTION
Authors: Jasim Sundus A
Published: May 2019

This paper studies the preparation of Copper powder from Copper Sulphate aqueoussolution(CuSO4.5H2O), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and copper chloride (CuCl2.2H2O)by usingthe process of electro-deposition. Process of Powder deposition have been investigated forcopper powder, it is a fine layer on cathode electrode by using the value of different fromcurrent densities (0.12, 0.14, 0.16, and 0.18) A/cm2.as it is noticed the weight of the powderrises with there is of current density. Diffractions of X-ray (XRD) revealed high crystallinityand pure copper powder not contain impurity or oxides. Size of the Crystallite has beenmeasured by Scherrer's Formula about (38.44 -43.161) nm. Optical microscopes haverevealed the particles of copper have dendritic shapes. The size of Particles analyzermeasured the size of a particle which is about (2.4 – 8.7) ?m.
CAD DESIGN AND CONTROL OF TRIPLE INVERTED-PENDULUMS SYSTEM
Authors: Hussein Mustafa T
Published: May 2019

This work is aimed to study the dynamic behavior and control of the triple invertedpendulumsystem. A nonlinear dynamic model of the inverted-pendulums fixed on a cart,based on CAD model is developed. The Lagrange equation is used to obtain the nonlineardynamic models of the system. The dynamic model is then linearized around operatingpoint. An augmented dynamic model using the linearized model is also derived. Two controlapproaches are used to stabilize the pendulums in vertical position. First approach: StateFeedback Control based on the linearized model is used to generate the input force control tostabilize the system. Second approach: Model Predictive Control is designed based onaugmented dynamic Model to control the motion of the system. In order to verify thedeveloped model and the chosen controller gains several simulations for different carts’paths are carried out. Several 3D animations are also presented to verify the usefulness ofthe designed CAD model and the controllers. As a future work: the 3D model of the tripleinverted-pendulum system gives a valuable resource for virtual reality work. Beside, anotheradvanced control approach can be applied on the derived dynamic model.
STUDYING THE IMPROVEMENT OF TENSILE STRENGTH OF LOW ALLOY HIGH STRENGTH STEEL WELDS USING AN ECONOMICAL TECHNIQUE
Authors: Jilabi Abdul Sameea J
Published: May 2019

Low alloy steels are particularly used in manufacturing several parts in the heavyengineering industries, agricultural equipment and dies which may be subject to servicefailure, and thus may need to be repaired by one of the welding processes. The weldabilityof steels is determined by their sensitivity to cracks that can be prevented by the use ofspecial welding procedures which are often expensive and difficult to use. Manual metal arcwelding of low alloy high strength steels was done firstly, using a cheap electrode (OK46.00), followed by the use of an economical technique which depends on coiling copperwires with different diameters around the cheap electrode. The expensive electrode (OK73.68) was also used for comparison. Results showed an increase in the tensile strength (712MPa) and weld joint efficiency (83.8%) when the expensive iron powder low hydrogencovering electrode (OK 73.68) was used. On the other hand, the tensile strength wasdecreased to (206 MPa) and the weld joint efficiency to (24.2%) when the cheap electrode(OK 46.00) was used. Coiling a (0.6 mm) dia. copper wire around the (OK 46.00) electrodeincreased the tensile strength and weld joint efficiency to (510 MPa) and (60%) respectively.
DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF SANDWICH PLATE WITH DIFFERENT CORE CONFIGURATION UNDER ACTION OF IMPULSIVE LOADING
Authors: Nemah Ammar M , Obied Hatem H
Published: May 2019

Steel sandwich structures with honeycomb and corrugated cellular cores have demonstrated the capability of supporting significant static bending loads while also enabling effective mitigation of impulse loads, the main objectives to use these structures is weight reduction and isolate or reduce the deflection and stress. This research aims to study the effect of dynamic load on the dynamic properties of various types of sandwich cores then find the best model that withstand high stresses and dissipate loads with less mass was possible. The studied model of sandwich is of dimensions (500x500x100) mm with five cells. Four types of steel sandwich plate (SSP) finite element models of various core types have been created: (1) triangle corrugated core, (2) trapezoid corrugated core, (3) square honeycomb and (4) out-of plane hexagonal honeycomb, the mass of various types was constant with value of 13.75 kg. The SSP types were compared by using ANSYS (15.0) APDL software.The finite element models are examined under the effect of transient concentrated stepped load of (350N) during 10ms. The time history response showed that the minimum von-Mises stress and minimum deflection occur at triangle corrugated SSP with values of stress (12.5Mpa) and deflection (3.8 ), but in energy absorption the square honeycomb is the best type with reduction of stress (99.65%) and reduction of deflection of (98.95%).
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON NUMERICAL MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTS OF THE CUTTING TEMPERATURE IN MAGNETIC ABRASIVE FINISHING PROCESS
Authors: Kadhum Dr. Ali H
Published: May 2019

In Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) process the cutting temperature is generated from two sources, from the electromagnetic flux (electrical heat), and from magnetic abrasive brush due to the friction force (mechanical heat). The cutting temperature has significant effects upon the condition of the surface, whereas it is less studied than the other parameters. In this study, an attempt has been made to simulate and investigate the influence of cutting parameters on the cutting temperature, to improve the thermal effect by MAF process. The aims of this study was to determine the distribution of the cutting temperature in the working gap, numerically and experimentally, then compared the results. In addition, to determine the most influence parameters affecting on the cutting temperature for Brass alloy CuZn28. Two dimensional Finite Element Models (FEM) with two software’s were developed to predict the temperature by dynamic electric and magnetic field, the first was DEFORM 10.2 used to calculate the mechanical heat and the second was COMSOL5.2 used to calculate the electrical heat. Sixteen tests designed according to Taguchi matrix through the orthogonal array (OA) L16 (). There are four various parameters that, have a large impact on cutting temperature, with four levels (rotational speed (A), working time (B), current (C), and working gap (D)). The analysis of the variance (ANOVA) technique was utilized to analysis the results, by using the statistical software (MINITAB-17). From the results, it is concluded that the Numerical modeling gives a very good comparison with the values of experimental tests. The maximum difference between the numerical and experimental temperature for brass CuZn28 is less than (9%).
EFFECT OF LUBRICANT TEMPERATURE ON THE DYNAMIC AND STABILITY BEHAVIOR OF NANO-LUBRICATED JOURNAL BEARING
Authors: Abass Basim A , Hamzah Zainab S
Published: May 2019

The effects of lubricant temperature on the dynamic behaviour of Nano-lubricated finite length journal bearings has been investigated in the present work. Modified time dependent Reynolds equation include the effect of oil film temperature was perturbed in order to calculate the eight dynamic coefficients (four stiffness, and four damping) required to evaluate the dynamic characteristics of the journal bearing, the oil film temperature was obtained by solving numerically the energy and heat conduction equations simultaneously with the Reynolds equation using appropriate boundary conditions. Suitable viscosity temperature model has been used to consider the effect of oil film temperature. The bearing lubricated with oil containing Titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles dispersed in to the base oil with various particle concentration. The effect of adding TiO2 Nano-particles with various particle concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) in order to enhance its viscosity has been discussed. A validation to the mathematical model and the computer program written in Fortran90 prepared to solving the governing equation has been carried out by comparing the result for the dynamic coefficients (stiffness and damping) obtained in the present work with that obtained by Sheeja and Prabhu . The results seen to be in a good agreement with percentage of error less than 2%. The results obtained in the present study show that the bearing stiffness coefficients increases by 30% while the damping coefficients increased by 27% when the bearing lubricated with Nano lubricant that contains TiO2 Nano particles with particle concentration of (1.5%).
HEURISTIC METHOD FOR SOLVING CELL FORMATION PROBLEM IN CELLULAR MANUFACTURING SYSTEM BASED ON HAMMING DISTANCE
Authors: Hamza Sanaa Ali , Jehad Ammar
Published: May 2019

Cell Formation (CF) problem considers as the most important issue in the CellularManufacturing (CM) system particularly the design step. CF deals with the creation ofmachine cells (MCs) and part families (PFs). Numerous methods, algorithms andmathematical models were proposed and used in the literature for solving the CF problem.The current paper used a heuristic method based on the hamming distance to form MCs&PFs, this proposed method calculates the hamming distance for the parts, firstly thenrearranges them based on the results to shape the PFs. Afterward, the hamming distance wascalculated for machines, then the machines rearranged based on the results to form the MCs.Three datasets from the literature were utilized to validate the proposed method. Fiveperformance measures were used for comparison and evaluation, these measures areExceptional Elements EE, Percent of Exceptional elements PE, Voids, Grouping EfficiencyGE and Machine Utilization MU. The results referred to the outperforms of the hammingdistance based method comparing with the best known results in the literature. Among thetotal 20 performance indexes: three are better than, twelve are equal to and five are almostequivalent to the best known results. On the other hand, the proposed hamming distancebased method is effectual particularly in terms of the number of machine cells and PE.
PREDICTION AND ENHANCEMENT OF THICKNESS REDUCTION IN MULTI-POINT FORMING PROCESS USING ANOVA ALGORITHM
Authors: Abaas Tahseen F , Younis Karem M , Mansor Khalida K
Published: May 2019

Multipoint forming is an engineering concept which means that the working surface of the dieand/or punch is made up of hemispherical ends of individual active elements (called pins), whereeach pin can be independently, vertically displaced using a geometrically reconfigurable die,precious production time is saved because several different products can be made withoutchanging tools. The aim of this work is to present the effect of many parameters (blank Holdertypes, rubber thickness and forming speed) on the reduction of thickness for brass with 0.71 mmthickness. This research is concentrate on the development of predictive models to estimate theminimum deviation in thickness using analysis of variance (ANOVA), minimum thicknessdeviation has been modeled. In the development of this predictive model, blank holder, rubberthickness and forming speed have been considered as model parameters. Arithmetic theminimum thickness deviation used as response parameter to assess the thickness reduction ofMultipoint forming parts. The data required has been generated, compared and evaluated to theproposed models that obtained from experiments. Taguchi algorithm is used to predict theeffect of forming parameters on thickness reduction in forming process of Brass (65-35) basedon orthogonal array of L9. The analysis of variance was used to find the best factors that effecton the thickness deviation, The result of this research is the contribution of blank holder types,rubber thickness and forming speed with respect to minimum thickness deviation is (69.195,18.1 and 12.733) % respectively.
PENGEMBANGAN STRATEGI MOVIE LEARNING PADA PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER SEKOLAH DASAR KELAS 2 DI SD SILATURAHIM ISLAMIC SCHOOL BEKASI DAN SDIT AL FIKRI BEKASI
Authors: Chatib Munif
Published: May 2019

Keberhasilan pendidikan sebuah negara tercermin dari kualitas karakter pemimpin dan masyarakat negara tesebut. Pendidikan karakter sudah tidak bisa lagi dianak tirikan, dipandang sebelah mata atau hanya sebagai jargon-jargon kebaikan tanpa jelas aplikasinya di sekolah. Dalam system pendidikan di Indonesia pendidikan karakter sebenarnya sudah mendapat tempat, namun sayangnya, banyak tenaga pendidik yang masih kebingungan cara penerapannya kepada peserta didik, baik secara konten maupun dalam hal metode penyampaiannya. Akhirnya, banyak tenaga pendidik mengajarkan tema karakter terjebak dalam metode ceramah, satu arah, tidak menyenangkan peserta didiknya. Ketika hal tersebut terjadi bertahuntahun, hasilnya adalah peserta didik belum mampu memunculkan karakter positifnya dalam pergaulannya sehari-hari. Berdasarkan kondisi di atas, penelitian ini berusaha memberikan solusi dari rumusan masalah belum populernya strategi movie learning dalam pembelajaran yang bertemakan karakter, dengan mengangkat judul Pengembangan Strategi Movie Learning Pada Pendidikan Karakter Sekolah Dasar Kelas 2 di SD Silaturahim Islamic School Bekasi dan SDIT Al Fikri Bekasi. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model rancangan Dick & Carey dengan 9 tahap dan menggunakan model uji coba triangulasi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah para peserta didik kelas 2 Sekolah Dasar, dengan ditambah data dari 2 (dua) pihak yang terkait, yaitu pihak ahli media dan pihak tenaga pengajar. Dari hasil uji coba di lapangan (di kelas), diperoleh temuan yang cukup menggembirakan bahwa strategi movie learning sangat efektif untuk mengajar tema karakter. Produk ini jika dikembangkan lebih luas akan menjadi revolusi pembelajaran karakter. Pemahamam peserta didik tentang tema karakter yang diajarkan sangat maksimal.
PENANGKAPAN IDE BACAAN SISWA SMP LABSCHOOL UNESA KETINTANG SURABAYA PASCA GERAKAN LITERASI
Authors: Hidayat Thamrin
Published: May 2019

Pencanangan Surabaya Kota Literasi telah dilakukan Walikota Surabaya pada 2 Mei 2014. Pencanangan Kota Literasi berlanjut pada setiap sekolah-sekolah yang ada di Surabaya. Pengejawatahannya kegiatan literasi dilakukan limabelas menit setiap pagi sebelum pelajaran dimulai. Untuk mengetahui adakah dampak dari pelaksanaan literasi terhadap penangkapan ide bacaan siswa dan bagaimanakah tanggapan siswa terhadap pelaksanaan literasi tersebut, diadakan penelitian untuk melihat tingkat penangkapan ide bacaan dengan menggunakan metode bacaan rumpang, sedangkan tanggapan siswa terhadapat pelaksanaan dengan menggunakan wawancara maupun angket. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan literasi menghasilkan tingkat ide bacaan para siswa sangat baik dan tanggapan siswa tentang pelaksanaan literasi sangat positif. Kekurangan adalah bahan bacaan yang kurang bervariasi.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP BERPIKIR KREATIF DAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SD ALISLAH SURABAYA
Authors: Khikmawati Nurul
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan berpikir kreatif siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA melalui penggunaan model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament pada siswa kelas V-A SD Al-Islah Surabaya. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Untuk desain penelitiannya yaitu One Group Pretest-Posttest. Di dalam penelitian ini pembelajaran dilakukan dalam satu kali pertemuan dengan waktu 4x35 menit. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan pretest dan posttest. Untuk menentukan perangkat pembelajaran layak digunakan atau tidak, maka perangkat pembelajaran dilakukan validasi oleh pakar kemudian didapatkan hasil yang akan dihitung menggunakan percentage of aggremant. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Uji t-test yang digunakan untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh ```model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament terhadap berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament terhadap berpikir kreatif siswa diperoleh nilai correlation (nilai korelasi) sebesar 0.659 artinya memiliki hubungan kuat dan positif atau sangat berpengaruh terhadap berpikir kreatif siswa. Sedangkan untuk nilai correlation (nilai korelasi) hasil belajar (kognitif) siswa sebesar 0.756, artinya model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament memiliki hubungan kuat dan positif atau sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar (kognitif) siswa. Sehingga dari penelitian ini dapat di ambil simpulan bahwa model pembelajaran Team Games Tournament dapat mempengaruhi berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar (kognitif) siswa.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PENGEMBANGAN BUKU AJAR BIOLOGI UMUM MATERI BIOTEKNOLOGI BERBASIS PENELITIAN UNTUK MAHASISWA S1 PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI INSTTITUT TEKNOLOGI DAN SAINS NAHDLATUL ULAMA PASURUAN
Authors: Fadhilah Rizka Elan
Published: May 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kebutuhan pengembangan buku ajar Biologi Umum materi Bioteknologi untuk mahasiswa S1 Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi Institut Teknologi dan Sains Nahdlatul Ulama Pasuruan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, angket, dan wawancara. Berdasarkan analisis kebutuhan diketahui bahwa (1) capaian pembelajaran: mahasiswa mampu mendeskripsikan peranan bioteknologi dan mengimplementasikannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari (2) materi yang disajikan dalam proses pembelajaran kurang aplikatif (3) mahasiswa kurang menggunakan sumber belajar yang baik (4) pemahaman mahasiswa terkait materi Bioteknologi masih tergolong rendah (5) mahasiswa sulit mengakses buku-buku perkuliahan. Hasil penelitian ini digunakan sebagai dasar pengembangan buku ajar Biologi Umum materi Bioteknologi berbasis penelitian untuk mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Biologi Institut Teknologi dan Sains Nahdlatul Ulama Pasuruan.
Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Siddiqua Umme Iffat
Published: May 2019

Abstract not available

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 1
Association of The Size of Hernial Defect Over Post- Operative Outcomes Following Mesh Repair of Incisional Hernia
Authors: Ali Md Shahajahan , Sharif Sayeed Bin , Md Abdullah Kazi Shah
Published: May 2019

Background: Incisional hernia is a common complication of abdominal surgery. The success and postoperative outcomes of hernia repair depends upon many factors and out of these, the size of the hernial defect plays an important role.

Objectives: To determine whether the size of the hernia defect had any impact over post-operative outcomes following prolene mesh repair of incisional hernia.

Materials and Methods: Total 52 patients of incisional hernia who underwent prolene mesh repair by onlay technique were selected in this study. Patients were divided into three groups according to the size of hernial defect, as <5cm (small group), 5-10 cm (medium group) and >10cm (large group).

Result: Respiratory problems were observed in 3 (42.9%) out of 7 subjects of hernial defect size >10 cm and 2 (6.2%) Out of 32 subjects of hernial defect size 5-10 cm. No subject of hernial defect size <5cm had respiratory problem. Wound infection was observed in 2 (15.4%) out of 13 subjects of hernial defect size <5 cm, 3(9.4%) Out of 32 subjects of hernial defect size 5-10 cm and 4(57.1%) out of 7 subjects of hernial defect size >10 cm. Pain was persistent in 3(5.8%) out of 52(100%) subjects more than 6 months after hernioplasty where 2 (28.6%) out of 7 subjects of hernial defect size >10 cm and 1(3.1%) out of 32 subjects of hernia defect size 5-10 cm. So, larger hernial defect was significantly associated with more pain persistence (p= 0.019).

Conclusion: Larger hernial defect is associated with more post-operative complications and increase morbidity.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 2-6
Bacteriological Profile of ESBL Producing Bacteria With Their Antibiotic Resistance Pattern
Authors: Khatun Mst Monira , Sharif Md Mofazzal , Haque AKM Enamul , Arifin Saiful , Mohammad Ali Khondoker
Published: May 2019

Background: Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) can cause infections, such as kidney infections, wound infections or in severe cases, blood infection. If a patient is prone to infection and the infection is caused by ESBLs, it can be more difficult to treat, because many of the commonly used antibiotics will not work against ESBLs.

Materials and Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to evaluate samples submitted for culture and sensitivity at Clinical Laboratory of North Bengal Medical College Hospital, Sirajganj the general objective identify the causative organisms and their antimicrobial resistance pattern.

Results: Majority of subjects (37.5%) were from 46-60 years age group. ESBL resistance was significantly related with age groups and educational status. Resistance was not related with gender distribution, occupation, family size and yearly family income. Detection rate of ESBL production among Pseudomonas spp were (91.67 %), followed by Klebsiella spp. (83.33 %), Proteus spp. (69.49%), Esch. Coli (64.42 %) and others (82.35 %). Aztreonam, Ampicillin, Amoxyclave and Piperacillin were more resistant antibiotics against ESBL producing organisms.

Conclusion: ESBL antibiotic resistance pattern should be determined in chronic Gram negative infection for effective treatment.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 7-12
Pattern of Injuries Suffered by Patients Treated for Alleged Assault at Sherpur Upazilla Health Complex, Bogra, Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Amirul Hossain , Chowdhury Sanjeela Nahreen , Rahman Md Zubaidur , Yesmin Laila , Rahaman Md Ashfakur
Published: May 2019

Background: In Bangladesh, violence plays a detrimental role in our daily lives directly or indirectly. The country experiences high levels of violence, with incidents of violence being reported in mass media daily.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to assess the demographic and social factors associated with assault incidents as well as to establish the type of injuries suffered by the victims of assault.

Materials and methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional survey, undertaken at the casualty department of the Sherpur Upazilla Health Complex, Bogura, Bangladesh from 12th November 2016 to 11th December 2016. All patients who attended for injuries due to alleged assault (interpersonal violence) and met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. A total of 72 patients were assaulted which are selected as subjects of the study out of 131 casualties.

Results: The majority of the victims were males (51.38%), 27.76% were single and 90.27% were of Muslims. The age group of the majority (31.94%) ranged between 21 and 30 years. Most the respondents (68.05%) had injuries to more than one part of the body. Among the assaulted patients, 65.27% had more than one type of injury. The majority of the victims of assault (58.33%2) were admitted for in-hospital treatment.

Conclusion: The study revealed that majority of typical victims of assault treated at Health Complex was males between the ages of 21 and 30 years suffering from minor injuries, mainly to the abdomen and chest.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 13-16
Position of Knot and Relation With Working Hand in Hanging Cases- A Medico Legal Study
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Rahman Farial Naima , Rahman Zubaidur , Biswas Prodip
Published: May 2019

Background: Hanging is the most common form of violent asphyxial death in our country. Typical and atypical variety of hanging depends on position of knot at the victim body.

Objective: The objective of this study was to find out the position of knot of ligature material and relation of knot with the working hands in hanging cases along with socio demographical status of the study subjects.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted among 574 Autopsy cases of hanging victims at the Dhaka Medical College Morgue during the period January 2013 to December 2015.

Results: Out of 574 cases, 159 (27.71%) were male and 415 (72.29 %) female. Among them 304(52.96%) were married and 270(47.04%) were unmarried. Most of the victims 269(46.86%) were from the age group 21- 30 years. Considering the knot, most were situated at right side of neck 281 (48.95%), followed by left side 235 (40.94%), at the nape of neck 50(8.71%) and in front of neck below chin 8(1.39%). Most of the study subjects were right handed. Dopatta (orna) was the commonest 237(41.28%) ligature material. 556 (96.86%) cases had some form of ligature mark in neck. Most of the victims 401(69.86%) hanged themselves at night. 545 body (94.95%) were recovered from inside the living rooms. 472 (82.23%) victims had complete suspension and 102 (17.77%) were cases of partial hanging.

Conclusion: To reduce the number of suicidal hanging cases a well designed and comprehensive programme is needed, which will identify the causative factors and prevent of suicidal behaviors of affected persons.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 17-20
Monopolar Diathermy Tonsillectomy Versus Dissection Method Tonsillectomy
Authors: Salam Md Abdus , Alam Md Mahbub , Ahmed Rezwan , Mahmud Md Sultan
Published: May 2019

Background: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide by otorhinolaryngologists for different indications. Tonsillectomy is often performed as day-case surgery, which increases the demands of a satisfactory postoperative pain control and a low risk of early postoperative bleeding.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the Monopolar diathermy and Dissection methods of tonsillectomy and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages during surgery, convalescence.

Materials and Methods: Two hundred children were recruited for this study during the period of five years from January, 2014 to December, 2018 at Otolaryngology department of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital (KYAMCH). Subjects between the age of 5 and 25 years listed for tonsillectomy were included. Subjects were recommended not to have aspirin within the 2 weeks before surgery.

Results: The mean duration of operation was found 10.6±0.4 minutes in group A and 17.0±0.7 minutes in group B. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. At 1st day, 11(11.0%) patients had throat pain in group A and 23(23.0%) in group B. At 2nd day, 14(14.0%) patients had throat pain in group A and 25(25.0%) in group B. Which were statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups.

Conclusion: The monopolar diathermy tonsillectomy appears to cause less bleeding, postoperative pain and less time consuming in compare with the dissection tonsillectomy although patients experience slightly more pain than dissection Method.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 21-24
Sonological Evaluation of Causes of First Trimester Bleeding
Authors: Chowdhury Salma , Hasan Tanvirul , Islam Mir Moyeedul , Nargis Susmita , Moniruddin ABM
Published: May 2019

Background: Per vaginal bleeding in the first trimester is a common obstetrical situation ranging from an insignificant episode to life threatening emergency. The major causes are abortion, ectopic and molar pregnancies.

Objectives of study: Ultrasonography is playing an increasing role in diagnosis of causes of Per vaginal bleeding in the first. This study was taken up to evaluate the value and utility of ultrasonography in correlation to the clinical findings of Per vaginal bleeding in the first trimester (sonographic evaluation).

Materials and Methods: In this prospective study all obstetric cases (with a history of per vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy between April, 2015 to November, 2015 (of 8 months) were included. A complete general physical examination including pelvic examination was done to arrive at a clinical diagnosis. Patients were then subjected to ultrasound examination. Clinical and ultrasound findings were correlated. We attempted to indentify the causes of vaginal bleeding occurring in the first trimester by clinical and trans-abdominal sonography and to evaluate the outcomes after instituting appropriate obstetric management.

Results: Fatytun of all obstetric cases (200) had the First trimester bleeding (incidence being 21%). The common causes were abortion (85.68%), molar (9.52%) and ectopic (4.80%) pregnancies. The bleeding cases were common in the younger age group 21 to 25years, more in the multigravida within 5 to 8(47%) weeks of gestational age. The commonest cause of bleeding was threatened abortion (28.57%). Early institution of treatment after proper diagnosis has decreased morbidity, at times mortality of women. Ultrasound had not only clinched the diagnosis but also helped in timely management of first trimester vaginal bleeding.

Conclusion: Ultrasound is a simple, non-invasive diagnostic modality available in the current day practice to diagnose and to manage first trimester vaginal bleeding.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 25-30
Evaluation of Radiographic Measurement of Mental Foramen in Selected Urban Population
Authors: Sarker Sutapa , Roy Siba Pada , Chowdhury Tazdik G , Rahman Dilruba , Hossain Md Mahfuz , Saki Nusrat , Ahmed Gazi Ikhtiar
Published: May 2019

Background: To determine the most common position of both mental foramen in selected Bangladeshi population.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study. Convenient sampling technique was used. For this seventy five panoramic radiographs of Bangladeshi population were taken from Out Patient Department of MH Samorita dental unit, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Result: The most common Horizontal position of the mental foramen was in line with second premolar (position 4). In vertical axis, the location of MF in lower half of body of mandible was found in all OPGs (100%).

Conclusion: The knowledge about the position of the mental foramen may be helpful to the dental surgeons to achieve full anesthesia after nerve block.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 31-34
Major Depressive Disorder Among Patients Suffering From Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Alom Md Shamshul , Monzur Md Sultan E , Sharif Md Mofazzal , Rahman Md Zillur
Published: May 2019

Background: Depression is now a recognized independent risk factor of coronary artery disease. Postmyocardial infarction (MI) patients with a clinician-diagnosed depressive disorder or self-reported depressive symptoms carry a 2.0- to 2.5-fold increased relative risk of new cardiovascular events and cardiac mortality.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression among patients suffering from MI.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study carried out in the department of Cardiology in collaboration with department of Psychiatry at North Bengal Medical College Hospital (NBMCH) Sirajganj, Bangladesh, during the period of July 2016 to December 2017 among purposively selected 50 patients attended the Cardiology in-patient department of NBMCH.

Results: The heighest number of respondents (30%) were from 41-50 years of age group. Among the respondents, 68% were male and 32% were female. Most of them were married (80%), muslim (78%), completed higher secondary level of education (26%), businessmen (38%) and of rural background (60%). Total numbers of depression were 28 (56%), among them, 17 were males and 11 were females.

Conclusion: This study reflects that post MI patients experienced significantly higher rate of depression. So we should pay attention for their cardiac management as well as to evaluate depression

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 39-42
Outcome of Nasolabial Flap in Buccal Mucosal Reconstruction in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Rokonuzzaman - , Rahman Md Zahedur , Islam Md Shahidul
Published: May 2019

Background: Surgical defects of oral cavity and orofacial region are challenging because of the aesthetic and functional demands and dynamic nature of the area. A multitude of reconstructive options are available and with the advent of musculocutaneous flaps and free microvascular tissue transfer, orofacial reconstruction has entered an era of sophistication whereby repair of defects of all types and sizes has become possible.

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the functional outcome, surface texture and complications of nasolabial flap for reconstruction in the buccal mucosal defects.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted 20 patients with clinical histological diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC;T1-T3 ) involving buccal mucosa attending in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department of Dhaka Dental College and Hospital during this study period were included purposively in the study. All patients were treated by excision of the lesion and subsequent reconstruction of the defect by nasolabial flap. If indicated then patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. They were examined preoperatively, immediate postoperatively, on discharge and 3 months after operation. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistics (version 20) software. To find out the significance of the result one way ANOVA was conducted and the Post Hoc Test was done by LSD.

Results: Among 20 patients 15% (3) patients developed infection, 15% (3) patients developed dehiscence. Trismus occurred in 5% (1) patient. In assessment of interincisal opening of the patients, 90% (18) presented with adequate interincisal opening but it has been reduced in 10% (2) patients after radiotherapy. In 90% (18) patients surface texture of the flap were smooth and in 10% (2) were partially smooth.

Conclusion:The nasolabial flap has proved to be a useful and reliable option for reconstruction of defects of the buccal mucosa in order to allow wound closure without tension and maintain oral function.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 48-53
Single Atrium- A Case Report
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Arifur , Rahman Md Lutfar , Saha Jayanta Kumar , Islam ASM Shariful , Rahman Mezanur , Munshi Prakash Chandra , Tamal Taslim Yusuf
Published: May 2019

Single atrium is a rare congenital heart disease in which there is developmental absence of both septum primum and secondum part of atrial septum. this report of rare case is to share our experience in surgery for Single atrium. Patient with single atrium with persistant left superior venacava (PLSVC) and left sided Inferior venacava (IVC) underwent gluteryldehye treated autologous pericardial patch closure, separating the two atria and leaving the coronary sinus, both PLSVC and Left IVC in the right atrial side and drainage of all four pulmonary vein into Left atrium. Post operatively there was no conduction defects in electrocardiogram and echocardiogram showed no residual shunt across the neoatrial septum. The long-term survival of surgical correction of single atrium is good. To avoid injury to the conduction system one has to be utmost careful by keeping the sutures remote and superficial from the bundle.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 54-56
First Trimester Rupture of Scarred Uterus After Use of Mifepristone, Misoprostol A-Case Report.
Authors: Begum Fatema , Akhter Sheuly , Shakil Shariful Islam
Published: May 2019

Uterine rupture is a disastrous obstetric complication, occurring mostly in second and third trimesters. The risk of uterine rupture markedly increases with previous uterine surgeries. Termination of early pregnancy failure by misoprostol is common. However, its use in women with scarred uterus is speculative and usually puts the obstetricians in a stressful condition. Here we present a case of rupture of a scared uterus in the first trimester after using mifepristone and misoprostol. A 25 years old parous lady presented with uterine rupture after taking mifepristone and misoprostol by herself to induce abortion for unwanted pregnancy. Immediate laparotomy was done and the defect was repaired. Termination of pregnancy in a woman with scarred uterus by mifepristone and misoprostol can lead to uterine rupture. It should be used cautiously under close supervision or other routes (vaginal or oral).

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 57-59
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Trachea: Two Case Report
Authors: Chowdhury Islam U , Sharif Md Mofazzal , Islam Md Shahidul , Hossain Afzal , Amin Ashiul , Hai Md Abdul
Published: May 2019

Primary carcinoma of trachea also known as adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenocyst, malignant slyndroma. This tumor mostly occurs in the salivary gland (minor), lacrimal gland, trachea, paranasal sinuses and others. And also can occur in female reproductive tract, Bartholin gland and cervix. Carcinoma trachea is one of the very rare cases. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of trachea is one of the very rare cases. This type of carcinoma is very slow growing cancer. Usually patients present with dyspnoea, asthma or bronchitis. After confirmed diagnosis 1st indication is surgery, if patient is not fit for surgery, can go to the laser ablation then Radio therapy. Our two cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of trachea are, one is 30 years old female patient, her initial diagnosis was May, 2012 and another one 48 old male patient with history of smoking, his initial diagnosis was on July 2003. Both the patients are still alive. Now the female patient has bilateral pulmonary metastasis from September 2017. After treatment carcinoma of trachea can be metastasised to lung, brain, liver or others organs. Usually it happened after 12-15 years from initial diagnosis. However carcinoma of trachea has good prognosis if early diagnosed and treated.

KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 60-63
The Comparison of Methods for Generating Prime Numbers between The Sieve of Eratosthenes, Atkins, and Sundaram
Authors: Khairina Nurul
Published: May 2019

Prime numbers are unique numbers. Prime numbers are numbers that only have a dividing factor consisting of numbers 1 and the number itself. The prime numbers from 1 to n that are relatively small can be generated manually, but a prime number generator algorithm is needed to generate prime numbers on a large scale. This study compares three prime number generator algorithms, namely: The Sieve of Eratosthenes, The Sieve of Atkins, and The Sieve of Sundaram. These three sieve algorithms have their own differences in generating prime numbers. The Sieve of Eratosthenes uses a simpler method by crossing multiples of prime numbers and marking them as non-prime numbers. The Sieve of Atkins uses several requirements for quadratic equations and modulus in determining prime numbers. The Sieve of Sundaram has an algorithm similar to The Sieve of Atkins, but there are requirements for linear equations to determine prime numbers. This study aims to see a comparison of these three algorithms in terms of accuracy and speed in generating prime numbers on a large scale. The results of this study indicate The Sieve of Eratosthenes, Atkins and Sundaram algorithms can generate large numbers of prime numbers with good accuracy, this was tested by the Fermat Primality Test Algorithm. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study, The Sieve of Eratosthenes have a faster time to generate prime numbers on a large scale than the other two algorithms.
TBE in Serbia
Authors: Petrović Vladimir , Ristanović Elizabeta , Potkonjak Aleksandar
Published: May 2019

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was first isolated in the former Yugoslavia in 1953 from the blood of infected human patients in Slovenia.
TBE in Slovakia
Authors: Kerlik Jana
Published: May 2019

The former Czechoslovak Republic was one of the first countries in Europe where the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was identified.
TBE in South Korea
Authors: Song Joon Young
Published: May 2019

Although no human case of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has been documented in South Korea to date, surveillance studies have been conducted to evaluate the prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in wild ticks.
TBE in Sweden
Authors: Lundkvist Åke
Published: May 2019

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was isolated for the first time in Sweden in 1958 (from ticks and from 1 tick-borne encephalitis [TBE] patient).
TBE in Ukraine
Authors: Erber Wilhelm , Vuković Janković Tamara
Published: May 2019

Available data indicate that infection with tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the most common arbovirus infection in Ukraine.
Ultraviolet Radiation Effect on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Common Species from Northeastern Mexico
Authors: Foroughbakhch Pournavab Rahim , Bacópulos Mejía Elly , Benavides Mendoza Adalberto , Salas Cruz Lidia , Ngangyo Heya Maginot
Published: May 2019

Light is the only key factor essential for plant growth, and ultraviolet (UV) rays, the harmful part of solar radiation, have the ability to decrease the metabolic rate in photosynthesis, causing deterioration in their growth. Accurate handling of the ultraviolet light that reaches the crops allows the improvement of different aspects of production, such as the shape and color of the plants, the precocity of the crops, and an improvement in the control of pests and diseases. The present study was carried out with the purpose of studying the responses in terms of germination and growth of four plant species—Glycine max, Triticum aestivum, Helianthus annuus, and Pinus maximartinezii—exposed to different doses of UV-C and UV-B radiation, for evaluation through the standard germination and accelerated aging tests, registering the germination rate (GR) and vigor (V), the number of normal seedlings (NS), and the average lengths of radicle (ALR) and plumule (ALP). Seeds treated with UV-C radiation showed a significant difference (p <0.05) between treatments (doses) and species, both in the standard germination and accelerated aging tests for the ALR and ALP variables. Seeds of G. max showed low sensitivity in both tests, with the dose 43.20 kJ/m2/day. The seeds of H. annuus and P. maximartinezii showed high sensitivity in both tests under UV-C radiation, with the doses 8.64 kJ/m2/day and 0.864 kJ/m2/day, respectively. Both tests under UV-B radiation showed a significant difference (p < 0.01) between species and treatments in the variables NS and ALP, with the minimum dose (T2).