bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Last Breakfast with Aunt Jemima and Its Impact on Trademark Theory
Authors: Deborah R. Gerhardt
Published: March 2022

The generally-accepted law and economics theory of trademarks fails to explain why a brand owner would ever walk away from a trademark that generates financially lucrative returns.  In 2020, that is exactly what happened again and again as brand owners pledged to abandon racially explicit marks in the weeks following George Floyd’s murder.  As citizens became more attuned to the experiences of those depicted in racial marks, the owners of Aunt Jemima, Uncle Ben’s, the Cleveland Indians, the Redskins, the Dixie Chicks, Lady Antebellum and others announced these brands’ days were numbered.  By evoking racist stereotypes, they became a moral liability.  They could not be authentically unifying if they promoted values inconsistent with contemporary notions of equality and anti-racism.  This Article situates the adoption of racially explicit brands in a historic context and explores the reactions of the targeted communities.  It then explains why multiple legal challenges to these federal trademark registrations failed.  The traditional law and economics paradigm used to justify and explain trademark law does not account for strategic trademark decisions driven by values and expressive community connections.  While law and economics captures the essential message a symbol must communicate to function as a mark, it neglects to explain why some marks fail or, in spite of spectacular success, may be abandoned.  When a theory cannot account for what is happening in practice, it is time to reach for new tools to help explain the significant role trademarks play in reflecting and leading cultural dynamics. 

The consumer investment framework is ideally suited to fill this theoretical gap.  It accounts for expressive and value driven decision making.  It embraces the many ways we engage with marks apart from the point of purchase.  In addition to purchasing trademarked products, people invest trademarks with time, meaning, and money.  Open dialogue between brand managers, influencers, and fans facilitates connections through shared values.  By accounting for brand meaning, communities, and values, the consumer investment theory provides a better framework for understanding the abandonment of racist imagery in a way that traditional law and economics cannot.  Where law and economics fails to function as an explanatory paradigm, the consumer investment model provides a theoretical framework for understanding how trademarks function if they are to succeed and what qualities make them resilient enough to remain resonant in a constantly changing cultural environment.
Some Career Reflections on Research and Scholarship in Mathematics Education
Authors: Reys Robert
Published: March 2022

Reflections on the Field of Mathematics Education
Privacy as the Price of Drug Access
Authors: Karas Laura
Published: March 2022

In response to the recent increase in FDA-approved specialty drugs and escalating specialty drug prices, drug companies now offer patient support programs (“PSPs”) for eligible patients prescribed a particular pharmaceutical drug. Such programs encompass both financial assistance for the purchase of a specialty drug and behavioral services, including nursing support and injection training, intended to improve drug adherence. Although ostensibly gratuitous, these programs have a steep and underappreciated cost: disclosure of protected health information. In effect, patient support programs compel patients to trade protected health information for drug access. This Article provides the first in- depth examination of the legal and ethical concerns associated with patient support programs. Enrollment in a drug company’s patient support program furnishes the company with linked patient- and prescriber- identifying information for each enrollee, data which may enable drug companies to target marketing to patients and healthcare providers with an otherwise unattainable degree of precision. Moreover, once a drug company acquires an enrollee’s protected health information pursuant to a valid Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) authorization, a drug company faces few limits on downstream uses of those data. This Article illuminates a possible role for patient support program-mediated data collection in two unlawful drug company practices: (1) kickback schemes in coordination with foundations that cover pharmaceutical drug copays, and (2) “product hopping” to a new brand-name drug formulation after patent expiration of an older formulation. The current regime for health data privacy in the United States lacks adequate safeguards to prevent drug companies from exploiting patient support program-derived data to the detriment of patients. The Article ends by proposing practical modifications to the HIPAA Privacy Rule to modernize HIPAA’s protections vis-à-vis health data transferred from covered entities to noncovered entities such as drug companies.
Intelligent Legal Tech to Empower Self-Represented Litigants
Authors: Schmitz Amy , Zeleznikow John
Published: March 2022

Legal technologies, or “legal tech,” are disrupting the practice of law and providing efficiencies for businesses around the globe. Indeed, legal tech often conjures up notions of billion-dollar businesses and highly sophisticated parties. However, one branch of legal tech that holds particular promise for less sophisticated parties is access to justice (“A2J”) through the use of online dispute resolution (“ODR”). This is because ODR uses technology to enable online claim diagnosis, negotiation, and mediation without the time, money, and stress of traditional court processes. Indeed, courts are now moving traffic ticket, landlord-tenant, personal injury, debt collection, and even divorce claims online. The hope is that legal tech such as online triage and dispute resolution systems will provide means for obtaining remedies for self- represented litigants (“SRLs”) and those who cannot otherwise afford traditional litigation. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the growth of online processes, including court and administrative processes that traditionally occurred in person. Nonetheless, these online processes seem focused mainly on case management and communication, neglecting the need for more imaginative and innovative uses of technology. Accordingly, this Article proposes a six-module system for ODR programs and identifies gaps in development where new technologies are needed to advance A2J. Indeed, there is great room for the development of Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) and data analytics to assist SRLs and others in pursuit of remedies and justice.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, INDEPENDENSI DAN PERILAKU DISFUNGSIONAL AUDITOR TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT DI MODERASI OLEH RELIGIUSITAS
Authors: Tianingsih Putri , Rustiana Siti Hamidah , Sarwoko Haris
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine "The Effect of Auditor's Competence, Independence and Dysfunctional Behavior on Audit Quality in Moderation by Religiosity" (Empirical Study of Public Accounting Firms in South Jakarta). The type of research used is quantitative research with primary data sources. The population in this study is a public accounting firm in the South Jakarta area and the sample in this study are auditors who work at public accounting firms in the South Jakarta area. The number of samples in this study were 103 auditors. Quantitative data analysis was performed using the Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) technique which was processed through the WarpPls 7.0 software. Based on the research results and the results of hypothesis testing, it shows that 1) competence has a positive and significant effect on audit quality, 2) independence has a positive and significant effect on audit quality, 3) dysfunctional behavior has a positive but insignificant effect on audit quality, 4) religiosity does not have a moderate effect competence on audit quality, 5) religiosity is not able to moderate the effect of independence on audit quality, 6) religiosity is not able to moderate the effect of auditor dysfunctional behavior on audit quality.

 

Keywords: Competence, Independence, Auditor Dysfunctional Behavior, Religiosity
SEASONAL INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN VEGETABLES FROM OLUKU DUMPSITE AND A FARM LAND IN EDO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Aisien E. T.
Published: March 2022

Without a doubt, plants take up toxic substances such as heavy metals which are transferred along the food chain. These constrain should not be overlooked due to the importance of vegetables in the human diet, hence this study was aimed to determine the heavy metal concentrations in green leafy vegetables from Oluku dumpsite and a nearby farm during the dry season (2020) and the rainy season (2021). In this study, samples (green leaves, water leaves, bitter leaves and fluted pumpkin leaves) were randomly collected and analyzed using the dry ashing method and atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. Results obtained showed that chromium and manganese concentrations were above the permissible limits set by FAO/WHO guideline values in all the samples, except bitter leaves which were within the FAO/WHO safe limit. The other heavy metals (mercury, lead, cobalt, cadmium and copper) analyzed were below the detectable limit of the atomic absorption spectrophotometer used. This study revealed that dumpsites and lands close to the dumpsite should not be used in the cultivation of vegetables because green leaves, water leaves and pumpkin leaves bioaccumulated chromium and manganese above the FAO/WHO safe limit for consumption.
İSLAMİ FİNANS ENDÜSTRİSİNDE DENETLEME, GÖZETİM VE STANDARTLAŞMA: TKBB DANIŞMA KURULU VE AAOIFI STANDARTLARI ÜZERİNE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR ANALİZ
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Fatih
Published: March 2022

TKBB Danışma Kurulu, kuruluş yılı olan 2018’den bu yana, Pay Senedi İhracı ve Alım Satımı, Teverruk, Murabaha ve Kefalet başlıklarında dört adet standart yayınlamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, söz konusu dört standardın AAOIFI standartlarındaki karşılıklılarıyla aralarındaki ortak ve farklı yönlerin ortaya konulmasıdır. Çalışmada standartlar, içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, TKBB Danışma Kurulu ve AAOIFI standartlarının özü itibariyle benzer hükümleri içerdiği, tali konularda aralarında kısmi farklılıkların olduğu tespit edilmiştir. TKBB Danışma Kurulu tarafından yayınlanan standartların AAOIFI standartlarına göre konuları daha ayrıntılı olarak incelediği çalışmanın bulguları arasındadır. Hisse senetleri, kefalet ve özellikle de murabaha ile ilgili standartların çok benzeştiği, bununla birlikte teverruk işlemiyle ilgili TKKB Danışma Kurulu standardının daha katı bir tutumla konuyu ele aldığı saptanmıştır.
中風病患姿勢控制評估量表及柏格氏平衡量表使用於可行走的慢性中風病患之比較
Authors: 吳韋廷 吳韋廷 , Wei-Ting Wu 韓紹禮 , Shao-Li Han 楊輝宏 , Hui-Hong Yang 楊韻臻
Published: March 2022

臨床上中風病患姿勢控制評估量表及柏格氏平衡量表常被使用於評估中風病患的平衡功能，柏格氏平衡量表因為地板效應，並不適合用來評估急性中風或嚴重失能的中風病患。本研究聚焦於可行走的慢性中風病人，共收案23人，發現中風病患姿勢控制評估量表及柏格氏平衡量表之間具有統計學上的高度相關（斯皮爾曼等級相關係數為.93, P<0.05），但因中風病患姿勢控制評估量表更為全面並且施作更省時，對可行走的慢性中風病人是更好的選擇。另外我們也發現中風病患姿勢控制評估量表的動態項目與拿掉閉眼行走項目的柏格氏平衡量表之間具有更高度相關（斯皮爾曼等級相關係數為.99, P<0.05），是否能取代柏格氏平衡量表作為中風的預後因子需要未來更多的研究。

 

Background and purpose: We examined the correlation between the scores of the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (PASS) and those of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) among ambulatory patients with chronic stroke. If the PASS scores are strongly correlated with the BBS scores, the PASS would be a superior alternative for evaluation because it can be administered faster and is more comprehensive. Methods: The PASS and BBS scores of 23 independently ambulatory patients with chronic stroke were collected and analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation. Because the BBS includes more items for assessing dynamic balance function, we also analyzed the correlation between the scores of the changing posture subscale of the PASS and the scores of the BBS. Results: The Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r) between the BBS and PASS scores was .93 (P<0.05), that between the changing posture scores and BBS scores was .87 (P <0.05). Conclusions: Our study indicated that among ambulatory patients with stroke, the PASS and BBS scores were strongly correlated. Thus, the PASS is a superior alternative for evaluating patients with stroke because it is faster to administer and more comprehensive. Contrary to our hy-pothesis, the degree of the correlation between the changing posture scores and the BBS scores was not higher than that of the correlation between the PASS and BBS scores. Nev-ertheless, we believe that the PASS is still a more effective test for evaluating balance func-tion among ambulatory patients with stroke.

 
General Education Sucks: So Teach the Great Identities
Authors: Glanzer Perry L.
Published: March 2022

Although there are many reasons why one could consider current manifestations of general education a disaster area, this article focuses on its ethical failures. First, I will demonstrate the central importance of moral purposes to justifications for general education. Second, I will describe how the failure to connect the moral aims that originally animated general education to a complex understanding of our fundamental identity, alongside a general marginalization of moral discourse in the academy, has produced an inability to match the content of general education to the moral ends used to justify it. Rather than the incoherent approach to general education used today, I argue that general education should focus on the individual that the university is ultimately meant to serve—the student. Such a shift requires, as John Dewey noted, nothing short of a revolution. Higher education certainly provides students with tools but it provides students no direction as to what is worth building, I propose a general education that instructs students about, and cultivates capacities toward excellence in, the great human identities (e.g., neighbor, friend, citizen, family, steward of nature and culture, race, gender, etc.).
Using a Motivation Model and Student Data to Redesign General Education Courses: An Examination of a Faculty Development Approach
Authors: Jones Brett D. , Biscotte Stephen , Becker Trudy Harrington
Published: March 2022

The aim of this article is to explain a faculty development approach used with faculty who teach general education courses. The purpose of the professional development was to help faculty intentionally create a class environment that engages students. Key to this process was introducing faculty to a research-based motivation model that they could use to assess and redesign their instruction. This motivation model used students’ perceptions of a course as a starting point to identify areas in which the course could be improved. This article describes the six steps of the authors’ faculty development approach, provides a case study of an instructor who participated in the faculty development, and provides a reflection on the strengths and weaknesses of the approach with the hope that this approach may be useful to others. This faculty development approach may be especially useful to faculty who teach general education courses because students in those courses may be less motivated and engaged if they do not perceive that the courses align directly with their major and career goals.
“Dontcha Wanna Boogie Woogie”
Authors: Stallings L. H.
Published: March 2022

Building upon Mecca Jamilah Sullivan’s theory of the choreopoem as a queer form emphasizing a poetics of difference, as well as Omi Osun Jones’s concept of theatrical jazz, this article reassesses Ntozake Shange’s boogie woogie landscapes to argue that the choreopoem serves as an embodied futurist solution for resolving cisgender bias, as well as femme phobia and transphobia in theater, film, and television casting and performance training.
Dear ’Zake: In Appreciation
Authors: Davenport Doris
Published: March 2022

This article is a poetic tribute to Ntozake Shange as well as an appreciative, celebratory analysis (or presentation) of some major aspects of her poetry.
İhracatçı Firmaların Yoğunlaşma Etkisi İle Sanayi Üretim Oranı ve Reel Efektif Döviz Kuru Değişimleri Arasındaki İlişki: 2012-2019 Yılları Arası Türkiye Örneği
Authors: ÇANCI Metin , ALABAYIR Aykut , MUZIR Erol
Published: March 2022

İhracatçı firmaların dünya ticaretinden elde ettikleri pay ve bu payın zaman içerisinde gösterdiği seyir, ihracat hacminin sürekli olarak artırılmasının amaçlandığı ülke ekonomileri açısından kritik önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma, Türkiye İhracatçılar Meclisi’nin “İlk 1000 Firma Araştırması” yıllık raporlarına göre ilk bin içerisinde yer alan çelik ve otomotiv endüstrisi firmaları arasından seçilen ve her biri 10 adet anonim şirketten oluşan iki ayrı örnekleme ait mali verileri üzerinde odaklanarak, ilgili sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren ihracatçı firmaların 2012-2019 yılları arasında dünya ticaretinde sahip oldukları ihracat paylarını tespit ve mukayese etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca, sanayi üretim oranı ve reel efektif döviz kuru değişimlerinin global ihracatta sahip olunan pay üzerindeki muhtemel etkileri sektör bazında sorgulanmaktadır. Satış geliri ve yurtdışı satış geliri oranı değişkenlerinin kontrol değişkenleri olarak alındığı doğrusal panel veri modellerinin sonuçları ışığında; kontrol değişkenlerinin, beklendiği üzere, her iki sektörde de dünya ihracatındaki pay değişkeni üzerinde aynı yönde bir etki meydana getirdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Ancak bu etkinin otomotiv sektörü için daha belirgin olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.
Empty Gardens: Dealing with Sadness and Mourn
Authors: Pusrna Dregha
Published: March 2022

Problem Statement: Grief is not a disease or a sign of weakness. We experience this emotional turbulence as we progress in life. Any significant loss can trigger feelings of emptiness and searching for internal resources to heal and to move on. Purpose: Where grief is our natural response to loss, bereavement implicates death of a loved one. This rollercoaster process of adaptation to an irreplaceable loss can vary in people. What helps us cope in grief is our support system, our beliefs as well as looking at future. Methods: Focus group intervention for grief was done by using The Brief COPE that measures the frequency of engaging in behavioural and cognitive strategies for coping with general life stressors. Results: Responses showed recent deaths, to loss of romantic relationships and break ups in friendships as the antecedents to ongoing grief. To overcome feelings of despair, people engaged into act of kindness towards someone to relieve sadness. Gratitude was seen as a protective factor towards grief especially in the younger population. Conclusion: Any form of grief brings with it vulnerability and needs time to recover. It is vital to look for coping skills where self-care is most important. Coping skills were discussed where journaling thoughts, opening to friends, and seeking professional help were seen to be most favourable.
Persuasion Strategies in Presidential Election Speeches
Authors: Wabeen Nguyatan
Published: March 2022

Politics is a process of making decisions by the distribution of power and resources in order to put certain political, economic and social ideas into practice. For political messages to be delivered to the target community through political discourse, many strategies have been employed to fulfill the purpose of persuading to the audience. The study investigates the persuasive strategies utilized in Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump’s 2016 presidential election speeches. Adopting the persuasion theory by Aristotle (1984), the study aims to uncover the kinds of persuasive strategies used by the two politicians. The data was analyzed using descriptive qualitative method basing on quantitative information. The findings showed that the process of manipulation of the two politicians was fostered by multiple persuasive strategies; in which they reflected different distribution of persuasive strategies to serve their political stands and ideologies. While Donald Trump spread his persuasion with the priority of pathos arousing the audience’s fear and anger, Hillary Clinton was more inclined to make full use of ethos and logos in her presidential election speeches.
Constitución y voto electrónico
Authors: Martínez Dalmau Rubén
Published: March 2022

El paulatino establecimiento del voto electrónico ha planteado la necesidad de argumentar la adecuación de su regulación jurídica con los principios y derechos constitucionales, en particular los relacionados con el principio democrático y el derecho al sufragio. Aunque no cuentan con la misma implantación ni posibilidades en la actualidad, existe un símil problemático entre el voto electrónico presencial y el remoto que necesita ser analizado a la luz de la Constitución. El presente artículo realiza un primer acercamiento a las consideraciones constitucionales del voto electrónico, se adentra en la relación con el principio democrático y analiza la principal jurisprudencia emanada de los órganos de control de la constitucionalidad alemán y austríaco en los últimos años.
La verificabilidad exhaustiva (end-to-end) del voto por Internet: una buena solución con algunas dudas legales
Authors: Barrat I Esteve Jordi
Published: March 2022

En este artículo se analiza la eficacia de las verificaciones electorales en el sistema tradicional de sufragio en papel y, a partir de ello, se aplica la misma metodología de análisis al voto por Internet poniendo de relieve ciertos retos jurídicos no resueltos. Se examina el sistema de verificación exhaustiva en la emisión del sufragio por Internet aplicado en Noruega y se exponen algunas dudas sobre la aplicación por terceros de los sistemas de verificación, las posibles discrepancias entre dos o más verificaciones y la necesidad de un marco legal sobre la implementación de la verificación exhaustiva.
La implementación del voto electrónico en el Ecuador. Experiencias en las elecciones seccionales 2014
Authors: Tapia Ramírez Héctor
Published: March 2022

El 23 de febrero de 2014, Ecuador celebró sus elecciones seccionales para designar prefectos, viceprefectos, alcaldes y concejales. La novedad de esta elección fue la implementación del voto electrónico en las localidades de Azuay, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas y La Morita. Esta incorporación se planteó con el propósito de garantizar el derecho político de los ciudadanos, brindar mejoras en infraestructura y afianzar la confianza de la población con los organismos electorales nacionales. La implementación de esta nueva modalidad de voto es un paso más hacia las próximas innovaciones tecnologías que se incorporarán en el sistema electoral ecuatoriano.
Amenazas y vulnerabilidades de los sistemas de voto electrónico remoto
Authors: Morales Rocha Víctor Manuel
Published: March 2022

Los sistemas de voto electrónico remoto ofrecen ventajas importantes para los votantes. Estos deben satisfacer, al igual que cualquier sistema de votación empleado, algunas características de seguridad que garanticen la integridad de una elección. El cubrir dichas características no siempre es fácil, ya que aun cuando se dispone de técnicas y mecanismos robustos de seguridad, existen factores que pueden poner en riesgo una elección. Estos factores frecuentemente son derivados de acciones humanas, accidentales o intencionadas. Este trabajo describe los requisitos de seguridad que debería cumplir un sistema de voto electrónico remoto. Posteriormente, se presenta las principales amenazas y vulnerabilidades asociadas a este tipo de sistemas, las cuales deben ser consideradas antes de implementarse el voto electrónico remoto en cualquier elección.
Feminismo y sufragio 1931-1955
Authors: Miloslavich Túpac Diana
Published: March 2022

El debate sobre el sufragio femenino en el Perú se presenta en dos momentos importantes de nuestra historia, para adquirir derechos políticos fundamentales para las mujeres: durante la Asamblea Constituyente de 1931 y en los debates parlamentarios del Congreso de la República 1945-1948 y 1950- 1956. Paralelamente, una militancia femenina se constituía en el Partido Aprista a cargo de Magda Portal y su base social a la demanda por el voto femenino. Este artículo busca ampliar la documentación sobre la historia del voto femenino en nuestro país y el papel de las feministas pioneras en el periodo 1931-1956.
Photobiomodulatory effects of multi wavelength diode lasers on the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Yavagal Chandrashekar M , Vikaraman KS , Yavagal Puja C , Borkar Tanay , Chaurasia Pinki , Kalmani Basavanth Reddy
Published: March 2022

Photobiomodulation is currently trending as a potential stimulator of several cell lines including human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSc) proliferation and differentiation. This study evaluated the Photo-biomodulatory effects of different wavelength diode lasers on HDPSc proliferation and differentiation. Dental pulp stem cells were recovered from human mature premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons, isolated and cultured followed by irradiation with different wavelength laser diodes (660 nm, 450nm and 810nm, 100 mW, all standardized to continuous mode, for 3 minutes at a distance of 1cm from the cells). Cell proliferation was analyzed at 1, 3, and 5 days by flow cytometry. Cell differentiation was analyzed by Alizarin Red Staining at days 7, 14 and 21. Cell proliferation and differentiation were compared with a negative control where cells were maintained in a culture medium without any irradiation and a positive control where pulp cells were cultured in a growth induction medium - Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). One -Way and Repeated measures ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD post Hoc test were used for statistical analysis. Proliferating cells were significantly higher in the positive control and Infra-red-PBM groups compared to other groups. (Day 3: p=0.002, Day 5: p=0.00).
Comparative assessment of changes in microflora in delayed and immediately placed implant
Authors: Jalaluddin Mohammad , Awasthi Naman , Kumar V Santhosh , Shetty Uttam S , Devi Konsam Bidya , Varghese Thomas
Published: March 2022

Aim of the present study was to assess the changes in microflora in delayed and immediately placed implant. In this study, a total of 30 implant areas in 30 patients were analyzed. The study group consists 14 male and 16 female participants in the age range of 20-40 years. The patients were randomly divided into two groups (15 patients in each group). Group A: Immediate Implant Placement, Group B: Delayed Implant Placement. Implant placement done accordingly. The materials and media used for the study were sterilized. One day before, sample collection and implant placement, complete mouth scaling, and polishing were done. Sites to be sampled were isolated with sterile cotton rolls. Bacterial culture media used in the study include blood agar, Kanamycin blood agar, and Kanamycin‑vancomycin blood agar. The samples were collected in the following stages- preoperative stage, After 24 hrs postoperative, After 7 days postoperative, on the day of prosthesis placement, 1st month follow‑up, 2nd month follow‑up. These following samples were tested to calculate the growth of the following pathogenic microorganisms: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia.
Effectiveness of mindfulness meditation on bio-psychological parameters among adolescence in selected nursing colleges at Madurai
Authors: Gopalsamy Gomathy , Raman Raman , Asirvatham Asirvatham
Published: March 2022

Background: There is a correlation between self-esteem in adolescents and depression, Anxiety and stress and Mindfulness meditation is effective to reduce these factors and gives relaxation among adolescents. The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation on low self-esteem, depression,  anxiety and stress among Students from selected Nursing colleges at Madurai, Tamilnadu, India. Methods: An Experimental design was employed for this study with participation of 300 students in Madurai in Tamilnadu. A structured DASS scale applied to ask about depression, anxiety and stress, and Rosenberg scale was administer to find the level of Self-esteem  before and after  Administration mindfulness meditation. Results: Students with low self-esteem were revealed that there is significance different in mean score of depression among experimental group that 15.2 in pre test and post test 8.6 where as in control group there is no significance difference subsequently Anxiety, stress, self esteem pre test score was 15.0, 17.8, 22.1 and post test score was 9.9, 12.7, 28.3. This shows significant change after administration of mindfulness meditation. Conclusions: Self-esteem is associated with anxiety, depression, and stress, which significantly affect students’ quality of life.
De la oposición al gobierno y viceversa
Authors: Arriola Francisco Joel
Published: March 2022

Entre 2009 y 2019 se sucedieron dos gobiernos de la ex guerrilla del Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN) en El Salvador. Sin embargo, después de una década de derrotar al partido tradicional del empresariado hegemónico salvadoreño, el FMLN fue desplazado hasta una tercera posición por una nueva formación de derechas. En este artículo se analizan los factores que produjeron los triunfos electorales del partido de izquierda en 2009 y 2014 y aquellos otros que lo condujeron a la derrota en 2019.
estuche de plata para la Constitución española de 1931
Authors: Herradón Figueroa María Antonia
Published: March 2022

Tras la promulgación de la Constitución de 1931, el Congreso de los Diputados acordó conmemorar el acontecimiento mediante el encargo de una edición circular de la norma y su correspondiente estuche. El artículo ofrece un análisis de la trayectoria recorrida por esta pieza en sus noventa años de historia, desde los primeros diseños que le dieron forma, hasta su valoración en la actualidad en cuanto objeto simbólico, presentando además a Juan José, el artista madrileño que la firmó.
PENGARUH INSENTIF TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA KARYAWAN BAGIAN PERGUDANGAN PADA PT.BUKIT ASAM (PERSERO) TBK TANJUNG ENIM
Authors: Jalaludin
Published: March 2022

This study aims to knowing "Is there an incentive effect on employee performance Part Warehousing At PT. Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk Tanjung Enim ". Discussion of the results obtained value b = 0,467, the value of b is the value of the variable incentive (X). After the value b obtained subsequent search for a value that is the value of work performance variables (Y) employees Part Warehousing At PT. Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk Tanjung Enim. And obtained the simple linear regression equation is Y = 23.996 + 0.467 X. This value has meaning if incentives (X) increased 0,467 one unit then the job performance (Y) employees Part Warehousing At PT. Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk Tanjung Enim will increase by 0,467. The results of the analysis obtained correlation coefficient r = 0.600. This means incentives (X) have positive influence and tightly enough on job performance (Y) employees Part Warehousing At PT. Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk Tanjung Enim. The result of the analysis is terminated unknown coefficient value = 0.36 or 36% means that incentives (X) contribute to job performance (Y) by 36%. This means incentives of contributions or donations have strong enough on employee performance Part Warehousing At PT. Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk Tanjung Enim and the remaining 64% are influenced by other factors not examined
BENEFÍCIOS DO MINDFULNESS COMO TERAPIA COMPLEMENTAR E INTEGRATIVA NA PREVENÇÃO E NO TRATAMENTO DOS TRANSTORNOS MENTAIS MENORES
Authors: Lima Caroline , Ferreira Gomides Lindisley
Published: March 2022

Introdução: Os Transtornos Mentais Menores (TMM) estão entre os mais frequentes no mundo, com incidência em mais de 300 milhões de pessoas com queixas de ansiedade, estresse e/ou depressão. Além do tratamento científico tradicional, o uso de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICS) tem sido sugerido como promoção de controle emocional e qualidade de vida (QV), com destaque para o Mindfulness, terapia cognitiva baseada na atenção plena. Métodos: Diante disso, a presente pesquisa propôs reunir dados sobre o uso da técnica nos TMM. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa nas bases de dados PubMed e BVS, por meio da associação dos descritores Mindfulness, com i) TMM, ii) Ansiedade, iii) Depressão e iv) Estresse, com análise de dados segundo PICOT. Resultados: Dentre os benefícios do Mindfulness estão flexibilidade psicológica, modificações comportamentais positivas, auto aceitação e independência emocional, refletindo na redução de sintomas depressivos, ansiedade, com concomitante aumento da QV, sugerindo a eficácia da técnica como ferramenta preventiva e de tratamento complementar frente aos TMM. As limitações do estudo foram o pouco tempo de intervenção dos trabalhos; a dificuldade de monitoramento do paciente em seu ambiente domiciliar. Além desses, outro fator pontuado foi o critério de confiabilidade de que o paciente, uma vez comprometido, realizou a prática diariamente. Contudo, a atenção plena e o controle da respiração, por apenas alguns minutos, gera aprendizado e adaptação, trazendo benefícios de neuroplasticidade a longo prazo. Conclusão: Destaca-se a importância de divulgar o Mindfulness e os seus benefícios, contribuindo para a promoção da saúde mental, bem-estar e QV dos praticantes.
INTEGRITAS PENGHULU DALAM PELAYANAN NIKAH: Memotret Pelayanan Publik Pada Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Sebagai Bentuk Reformasi Birokrasi
Authors: Abidin Zainal , Effendi Arif
Published: March 2022

Abstract: The bureaucratic reform program has opened new public colors in Indonesia. Various government agencies have been conducting reforms in various sectors that have been a weak point for public services. One of them is public service to the ministry of religious affairs. The religious ministry continues to work on wedding services at the district office of religious affairs (KUA). The district office of religious affairs, has been tidying up to the changes that become the necessity of bureaucratic reform. One of the fundamental changes is a new form of wedding service. Today the implementation of public services is still faced with conditions that have not been in accordance with the needs and changes in various areas of life in society. Various cases such as illegal charges and gratification indicate the lack of integrity that some of the Penghulu in district office of religious affairs. Therefore, it takes the role of various elements to continue to coaching in building the integrity of district office of religious affairs employees, especially on Penghulu.
URGENSI KETERLIBATAN ORANG TUA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DARING ANAK DITINJAU DARI FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ANAK IBNU SINA
Authors: Ulfah Yetty Faridatul , Ridhoi Oong , Sridadi S
Published: March 2022

This policy of limited face-to-face meetings (PTM) indicates that 50% of students have been allowed to study in schools, while the rest still hold learning at home. Thus, the presence of parents in assisting children's education is very important, especially when learning online at home during the covid 19 pandemic. Social mobility, increasing and enriching scientific information are very necessary for parents because they assist their children for 24 hours in educating and teaching science and morals. This research applied library research. Secondary data was a data collection technique used in this study classified indirectly to the object of study. Secondary data sources were obtained from national and international journals related to distance learning during the covid-19 pandemic and children's moral education according to Ibnu Sina. Technique of data analysis was carried out through four stages encompassing data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusions. According to Ibnu Sina’s perspective in educating children, parents must understand the purpose of educating children, the children's education curriculum, children's learning processes, children's learning methods. If the sequence is understood and done as well as possible, it will be easy to educate and teach children in any condition, including during covid pandemic period.
Cosmostigma (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae): A New Generic Record for Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
Authors: Kamble Mayur , Singh Lal , Murugan Chidambaram
Published: March 2022

The genus Cosmostigma Wight is reported for the first time for the flora of Andaman & Nicobar Islands. A short description with photographs of the species is provided here for easy identification.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI BAURAN PEMASARAN KERIPIK PISANG (STUDI KASUS UKM SELERAKU BANJARNEGARA)
Authors: Sarno Sarno , Raditya Fanny Tri
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah; a) mengetahui penerapan strategi bauran pemasaran; b)

mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambat strategi bauran

pemasaran keripik pisang dengan memperhatikan kondisi internal dan eksternal

usaha. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Participatory Action

Research (Penelitian Aksi Partisipatif) yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara deskriptif.

Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Analisis data yang

digunakan adalah analisis bauran pemasaran dan analisis SWOT (Strength,

Weakness, Opportunity, Threatment). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ; a)

Penerapan strategi bauran pemasaran meliputi strategi produk, strategi harga, strategi

tempat, dan strategi promosi; b) faktor kekuatan meliputi bahan baku melimpah,

motivasi usaha kuat, merk dagang, P-IRT, halal, kualitas produk, dan tingkat

keterampilan. Faktor kelemahan seperti akses pemasaran, kerjasama pemasaran,

jaringan distribusi, tingkat adopsi teknologi, dan permodalan; c) faktor yang menjadi

peluang meliputi diversifikasi produk, pemasaran online, kebutuhan konsumen, pasar

ekspor, dan pengembangan usaha. Faktor ancamannya perubahan selera konsumen,

persaingan pasar bebas, kebijakan impor, produk sejenis di pasar, dan produk

substitusi; d) posisi perusahaan berada pada Kuadran I progresif yang berarti

perusahaan dalam kondisi baik dan mantap. Strategi pengembangan bauran

pemasaran yang dapat dilakukan adalah mamanfaatkan keberadaan bahan baku

melimpah disertai adanya motivasi kuat, merk dagang, P-IRT, halal, kualitas produk,

tingkat keterampilan, untuk mengembangkan usaha dan memperluas pasar ekspor

dengan cara meningkatkan diversifikasi produk secara maksimal. Hasil produknya

dapat dipasarkan secara online sehingga dapat memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen
Rational Drug Therapy of Peptic Ulcer Disease In Patients Admitted To Gastroenterology Ward of LRH Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Shams Farrah , Samoo Nawaz , Ali Fawad , Nawaz Faiza , Asif Uzma , Gul Alia
Published: March 2022

The present study was conducted from 12 Sep.2019 to 10 Nov. 2019 at the Gastroenterology ward, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Pakistan, aiming to accurately investigate the Peptic Ulcer Disease state, signs and symptoms, to ensure complete information about drug therapy and patients response. Peptic ulcer disease is defined as an upper gastric mucosal rupture due to acid hat results in the formation of ulcers that extend beyond the muscular mucosa to the submucosa. Peptic ulcer is characterized by abdominal pain, change in appetite, unexplained weight loss, nausea, vomiting, heart burn and dark, tarry stools. Spicy and acidic foods, Stress and restless lifestyle were considered to be the leading causes of peptic ulcer. However the Helicobacter pyloribacterium is responsible for up to 60% stomach ulcers. Frequent use of painkillers, old age, obesity Smoking, excessive alcohol use, too little sleep, type O blood and chronic stress, are the risk factors of peptic ulcers. Acute peptic ulcers results from taking aspirin or anti-inflammatory drugs. Chronic peptic ulcer represents a profound loss of substance. Data from a total of10 patients (6 female and 4 male)of all age, having various peptic ulcer diseases were involved in this study. It was concluded that most of the female patients (60%) were having peptic ulcers as compared to male patient (40%). It was found that 30-40 years old peptic ulcer patient percentage was 20%.Moreover it was observed that frequent use of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs has been found to be the main causes of peptic ulcers
Identification of Patients having Pre-ACS Pain Impending Cardiac Events & Their Risk Management
Authors: Zeeshan Muhammad , Khan Abdul Ghaffar , Ali Usman , Mumtaz Hassan , Ismail Muhammad
Published: March 2022

If you're experiencing angina (UA), an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), or sudden cardiac death, you're suffering from an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Southeast Asia, particularly Pakistan, has seen a dramatic rise in the prevalence of the disease. We aimed to identify incidence of Pre-ACS pain and to find out its association with future risk of any cardiac events. Methods: Islamabad's KRL hospital hosted this Cross-Sectional Study from November 2021 to February 2022. All the patients presenting with the diagnosis of ACS for the first time were included in our study. Inferential statistics were performed using SPSS version 23 and the Chi square test. Results: There were 72.7% men and 27.3% women. The average age was 57.12years. NSTMI was found in 30% of patients, followed by Anterior Wall MI in 20% and Acute Coronary Syndrome in 14.7%. Of the total population, 28% were in the normal BMI range and 49% were overweight or obese. BMI, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, fast food eating, smoking and exercise all have a significant p value when it comes to predicting cardiac events in patients. Conclusion: About 80% to 90% of people who experience acute chest syndrome (ACS) do so for no apparent reason. Consistent medical investigations are required to rule out the possibility of underlying ischemic heart disease. To identify the communities at risk, a grading approach is required.
Awareness of Augmentative and Alternative Communication among Final Semester Students of SLP
Authors: Shahbaz Nimra , Rashid Amna , Khan Muhammad Azzam , Naz Arshad Mehmood , Noreen Hafsa , Hassan Syed Bilal , Faridi Tallat Anwar
Published: March 2022

The ability to communicate with words is one of a person's distinguishing characteristics. People who have lost their ability to talk are unable to communicate effectively for whatever reason. The acquisition (AAC) approach was implemented as a viable alternative for assisting these individuals. Objective: To find out awareness of augmentative and alternative communication among final semester students of SLP. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in seven major institutes of Lahore (University Of Lahore, Riphah International University, King Edward Medical University, School Of Allied Health Sciences, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Punjab University, NUR International University). Final semester students of BS or MS program in SLP were included in the study. The research employed the convenient sampling methodology and standardized questionnaire was used having 26 questions, with responses obtained through an online form and survey. SPSS17 was used to analyze data collected from 50 respondents. Results: Overall awareness was calculated of respondents regarding Augmentative and Alternative communication. Results indicated that 32(65.71%) of final semester students of speech language pathology have adequate knowledge about AAC technology, 10(18.40%) did not significant knowledge about AAC technology while 8(15.89%) totally unfamiliar about AAC technology. Conclusion: After analysis it was concluded that majority of students had awareness of AAC. Most of Lacking was seen in students who did not have good academic exposure and did not practice with patient of AAC.
Dauginimo priemonėmis spausdinti periodiniai leidiniai, saugomi Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekos Senosios periodikos fonde
Authors: Grybienė Aida
Published: March 2022

Darbe apžvelgiama Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekos Retų spaudinių skyriaus Senosios periodikos fonde saugomų XIX–XX a. periodinių leidinių (laikraštėlių, žurnalų, informacinių biuletenių, vienkartinių leidinių), išleistų dauginimo priemonėmis – hektografu, rotatoriumi, kopijavimo aparatu, kolekcija. Pateikiamas 255 pavadinimų sąrašas lotyniškais ir kirilikos rašmenimis. Esminiai žodžiai: periodika; laikraščiai, žurnalai; biuleteniai; vienkartiniai leidiniai; hektografas; šapirografas; rotatorius; mimeografas.
Towarzystwo Zjednoczonych Ziemianek na północnym Mazowszu (1892–1939)
Authors: Mysiakowski Mariusz
Published: March 2022

Założone w 1892 r. stowarzyszenie pod statutową nazwą Towarzystwo Zjednoczonych Ziemianek z przyszłą siedzibą główną w Warszawie było pierwszą, a zatem najstarszą tego typu i o takim rozmachu organizacją-instytucją kobiecą o profilu społeczno-oświatowo-gospodarczo-rolnym, na podstawie której powstawały kolejne organizacje, w tym pierwsze w Kanadzie, potem w Anglii, budujące swoje statuty na wzorze polskim.
Prohibition of abuse of (Community) law: The creation of a new general principle of EC law through tax
Authors: de la Feria Rita
Published: March 2022

The Court of Justice has been alluding to abuse and abusive practices in its rulings for more than thirty years.For a long time however the significance of these references was unclear. Not many commentators delved into this issue, and the few that did doubted whether the references by the Court to abuse amounted to the development of a general Community principle of abuse of law. This state of affairs has changed radically within the last few years, largely due to jurisprudential developments within the field of tax. This paper analyses the evolution of the Court’s case law on abuse, from the first cases on free movement of services, to the latest rulings on taxation. It then considers whether the case law developed by the Court, on what has been designated as “prohibition of abuse of law”, does indeed amount to a new general principle of Community law.
Collusion in vertical relations under Article 81 EC
Authors: Lianos Ioannis
Published: March 2022

The starting point of this study is that EC competition law does not draw any distinction between horizontal and vertical relations when it comes to the definition of the concept of agreement under Article 81 EC.

This approach could make sense if vertical and horizontal agreements were considered as equally harmful to competition. However, since the enactment of Regulation 2790/99 and the emergence of a more economic approach in interpreting Article 81 EC, competition law focuses less on the protection of the freedom of action of distributors and recognizes that vertical agreements may bring important efficiency gains from which the consumers may ultimately benefit. The concept of agreement, which is of little practical significance in cartel cases, has thus been interpreted restrictively so as to limit the scope of Article 81 with regard to vertical restraints. It is submitted that, while the aim of reducing the scope of Article 81 to vertical agreements may be legitimate, the formalistic approach currently followed by the courts in defining the concept of agreement is theoretically and practically flawed. The study will advance an alternative approach for the definition of the concept of agreement, in particular for vertical relations.