bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Compact Metamaterial-based Coil Element for Combined 1H/23Na MRI at 7T
Authors: Svejda Jan Taro , Rennings Andreas , Erni Daniel
Published: April 2020

High static magnetic flux densities in the field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow X-nuclei-based imaging and spectroscopy as well as the utilization of electromagnetic metamaterials. A compact dual-tuned coil element based on a metamaterial transmission line which achieves a quarter-wave resonance at the two distinct operating frequencies of the hydrogen and sodium nuclei is presented. In addition, first combined 1 H/23Na MRI measurement results from a structured phantom are shown and discussed.
Multimode electric ring resonator (ERR) for ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with multi-notch band
Authors: Vendik I B , Rusakov A S
Published: April 2020

The electric ring resonator (ERR) is widely used for a design of metamaterials. The planar multimode ERR is considered as a promising structure for a design of multiband microwave devices. The ultra-wideband (UWB) planar antenna with multi-notch band is designed as a circular metallic patch fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) loaded with the ERR. To achieve the notched characteristics at desirable frequencies, the multimode ERR is incorporated into the CPW feedline of the planar UWB antenna. The notched frequency band is controlled by dimensions of the ERR structure. The antenna demonstrated a VSWR lower than 2.5:1 and consistent monopole-like, omnidirectional radiation patterns over a 4.8:1 bandwidth. A prototype of the antenna with physical dimensions of 50×50×1.52 mm demonstrates multi-notch characteristic at 3.5, 5.8, and 7.5 GHz in the 2.5 - 12 GHz frequency range
Ultra-thin gold films: towards 2D metals for photonic and optoelectronic applications
Authors: Volkov V S , Yakubovsky D I , Stebunov Y V , Kirtaev R V , Ermolaev G A , Mironov M S , Novikov S M , Voronin K V , Arsenin A V
Published: April 2020

Fabrication of continuous ultra-thin (<10 nm) and ultra-smooth gold films on different substrates is reported. Using a variety of electrical, optical and structural characterization techniques, we show that monolayer MoS2 can be superior to more conventional adhesion/seeding layers as an optical substrate for realizing ultra-thin gold films. Our results show that optical losses in ultrathin gold films increase with decreasing thickness due to the fine-grained structure and the presence of a small number of voids, however, they exhibit metallic properties down to a thickness of 3-4 nm.
TMOKE enhancement in structured all-dielectric iron-garnet films with waveguide modes
Authors: Voronov A A , Ignatyeva D O , Kozhaev M A , Levy M , Karki D , Belotelov V I
Published: April 2020

The idea of using nanostructured all-dielectric structures to enhance magneto-optical effects instead of plasmonic ones is attracting much interest. The use of dielectric materials allows one to avoid significant energy losses that are present in metals. In this paper, an experimental research of TMOKE effect in 1D dielectric magnetic structures was performed. Experimental results demonstrate a significant enhancement of TMOKE, as well as a high transparency and high Q-factor of the obtained resonances, which opens up broad opportunities for the use of such structures as light modulators.
Scanning probe microscopy cantilevers improvement for advanced research and manipulation at nano scale.
Authors: Krasnoborodko S Yu , Vysokikh Yu E , Bulatov M F , Churikov D V , Shevyakov V I
Published: April 2020

Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a widely used method for the different kind of objects investigation. It allows to obtain information about the surface topography including its mechanical and electromagnetic characteristics at nano scale. SPM also could be used for manipulation of nanoobjects. The most popular and widely used SPM methods are atomic force (AFM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). Both of them based on measuring interaction between sample and cantilever (probe). Type of cantilever its curvature radius, coating, resonant frequency, hardness and other parameters significantly influence on the SPM images. Scientist constantly improving process of probes producing to fit the current demands. It is important to keep in mind that collected AFM data could contain not only direct information about the sample but also it might be a convolution of the sample and cantilever in case then the tip size comparable with the studied object. Convolution effect limits the AFM resolution [1]. Thus one of the most important task for researchers is to minimize this effect by reducing tip size both for AFM and MFM methods.
Interference and wave propagation in a plasmonic Al2O3-Au-Al2O3 ridge waveguide
Authors: Yankovskii G M , Kornienko V V , Shaimanov A N , Ignatov A.I. , Merzlikin A M , Baryshev A V
Published: April 2020

Performance of plasmonic ridge waveguides of different length formed on fused silica substrates has been studied experimentally and theoretically. All the waveguides were single-mode ones, had a width of 70 μm, and their cross-section had a structure of Al2O3-Au-Al2O3 sandwich–10 nm-thick Au film deposited between 240 nm- and 70 nm-thick Al2O3 top layer and bottom layers. To shape sidewalls, the wave guiding sandwich was etched through its depth. The waveguides were terminated by 1D gratings etched in the sandwich for light coupling/decoupling. The optimized input grating had an elliptical shape for focusing plasmon waves upon excitation, and the output grating was a conventional one. It was found that the traveled plasmonic waves decoupled and visualized themselves as interference patterns in the output grating area. We study propagation of these waves for a set of waveguides with lengths of 0.5-1 mm and demonstrate their main characteristics–the propagation length and attenuation factor.
Vacuum optomechanics of optically levitated objects
Authors: Brzobohaty Oto , Damkova Jana , Svak Vojtech , Siler Martin , Jakl Petr , Simpson Stephen , Marago Onofrio , Donato Maria-Grazia , Filip Radim , Zemanek Pavel
Published: April 2020

We will introduce to vacuum levitation of objects and present our recent theoretical and experimental results related to the behaviour of micro- and nanoparticles placed into nonlinear optical potentials in underdamped regime.
Doping of resonant silicon nanodisks for efficient optical heating in the near-infrared range
Authors: Zograf George , Makarov Sergey , Petrov Mihail
Published: April 2020

All-dielectric nanophotonics attracted high interest during last years in the field of thermal applications and optical heating mainly due to the ability of electromagnetic field localization inside the nanostructures due to different resonant modes excitation. However, most conventional dielectrics and semiconductors (e.g. silicon, germanium etc.) are transparent in the near-IR, and, thus, optical heating in this region becomes a challenging task. In this work, we reveal that carrier doping can significantly increase optical heating of a resonant silicon nanodisk, without changing its optical properties dramatically. In addition, semiconductor nanostructures support high-Q thermally responsive Raman signal, which can be used as the temperature sensor at the nanoscale. We believe, that such approach might be very effective for numbers of applications, including bio-medical ones, by working in the’biological tissue window’.
Effect of pH culture and dosage of chitosan nanoemulsion on the effectiveness of bioflocculation in harvesting Chlorella sp. biomass
Authors: Erdawati  , Kanza Mutia , Saefurahman Ganjar , Hidayatuloh Syarif , Kawaroe Mujizat
Published: April 2020

Chlorella sp. is a microalga with a size of less than 30 μm that requires a dewatering process to separate its biomass from the culture media, for instance using the flocculation method. In this study, chitosan nanoemulsion was used as the bioflocculant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of harvesting Chlorella sp. biomass using chitosan nanoemulsion with varied doses and predetermined pH levels. The pH and bioflocculant dose affected the amount of biomass recovered during the harvesting process. The results showed that treatment at pH 9 and a dose of 2 gL−1 bioflocculant achieved the highest harvesting efficiency of 98.7%. The characterization of bioflocculant was carried out in the form of proximate analyses on chitosan nanoemulsion which resulted in 95% ash and 90% water contents. The appearance tests showed characteristics of yellow in color, sour aroma, and gel-shaped texture. The physical tests were also performed resulting in a pH of chitosan nanoemulsion of 4.3, viscosity of 15.5 cps, and a density of 1.912 cm/g. This study indicated that chitosan nanoemulsion is considered efficient for use as an alternative bioflocculant for harvesting Chlorella biomass.
Extraction of silicon dioxide from rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) with variation ignition temperature
Authors: Hapsari I L , Irzaman  , Indro M N
Published: April 2020

Rice straw is the largest wastes of the rice plant. Usually, rice straw is only burned after the harvest process by farmers, even though rice straw contains 75% of silicon dioxide. The temperature of ignition is one important process of extracting silicon dioxide. This variation of ignition temperature will affect characteristics of the silicon dioxide. This research used the ignition temperature of 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C. In the first step, rice straw is burned using matches then the powder is washed using 3% HCl and then rinsed using distilled water, and the ignition process in the furnace with different temperatures was set up. Temperature of 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C have a range of electrical conductivity values from 50 Hz – 5 MHz, 10245.37 Hz – 5 MHz, and 11502.15 Hz – 5 MHz that categorized as semiconductors and produces silicon dioxide with a purity of 80.97% atoms, 99.99% atoms, and 61.53% atoms. Silicon dioxide with an ignition temperature of 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C has a degree of crystallinity respectively at 25.82%, 44.24%, and 45,61%.
Transesterification of kesambi oil (Schleichera oleosa l.) using nano ZnO-CuO/γ-alumina solid catalyst
Authors: Asri N P , Yuniati Y , Hindarso H , Hidayat N , Siswa I , Puspitasari D A , Suprapto S
Published: April 2020

Nano alumina-supported zinc oxide-copper oxide (ZnO-CuO/γ-Al2O3) solid catalyst that is coded by NZCA, has been successfully synthesized and used to produce biodiesel from Kesambi (Schleichera olesosa l.) oil (KO). The catalyst was synthesized using a combination of precipitation, impregnation, and gel process. Before being used for transesterification of kesambi oil, NZCA catalyst was characterized using the X-ray diffraction (X-RD), Brunauer-Emmett Teller (BET), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) methods. The transesterification process was conducted in a glass batch type reactor with refluxed methanol. The effect of loading ZnO (wt.% to alumina), reaction temperature, and amount of catalyst (wt.% to kesambi oil) on the yield of biodiesel were investigated, respectively. The results showed that the catalyst of NZCA was potentially used for transesterification of kesambi oil. The highest biodiesel yield of 89.21% was achieved.
Effect of number of recycling time on physical and mechanical properties of binderless particleboards from jatropha press cake
Authors: Fahma Farah , Kartika Ika Amalia , Yani Mohamad
Published: April 2020

In this study, the binderless particleboards from jatropha press cake were recycled five times. The effects of number of recycling times on physical and mechanical properties of the particleboards were investigated. This information is important to determine how many times the recycling process is carried out so that the physical and mechanical properties will still meet the standards. The mechanical properties of the produced particleboard (modulus of rupture/MOR and modulus of elasticity/MOE) tended to decrease linearly with the increasing number of recycling process up to the 5th recycle. The produced particleboard had a density of the target of 0.9 g/cm3 with the condition of pressing temperature of 180 °C and the pressing press of 200 kgf/cm2 for 10 min. Thickness swelling, water absorbance, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and internal bonding of the produced particleboard did not meet the standard of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5908. Therefore, the protein which serves as a natural adhesive has not maximally functioned in the binding with the particles of the jatropha press cake.
A prospect to develop Chlorella industry in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Dahril Tengku , Mulyadi Aras , Eddywan
Published: April 2020

A Prospect to develop Chlorella industry has been conducted since 2015 to 2018. The pure chemical and waste water from oil palm industry as culture media of Chlorella sp. were used in this study. Result of this study indicated that pure chemical and palm oil waste water can promote the growth and product of Chlorella sp. The best growth of Chlorella sp. was found at pure chemical with cell density reached 1.6 x 107 cells/ml and biomass reached 1.24 g/l. The high growth of Chlorella sp. in palm oil wastewater was found at concentration of 20 % with cell desity of 6.6 x 106 cells/ml and biomass reached about 0.36 g/l. The concentration of nitrate in pure chemical culture medium was decreased from 15.43 to 1.46 and in palm oil wastewater was decreased from 13.8 mg/l at the beginning to 2.4 mg/l at the end and phosphate was decreased from 45.822. mg/l to 4.98 mg/l at the beginning to 0.17 mg/l at the end of 14 days culture period. Chlorella powder that was produced in pure chemical medium in this study can be used as Chlorella powder in capsule for human being and from palm oil wastewater medium can be used as supplement food for animal husbandry (calves) in Riau Province.
Verification of security measures for smart substations based on visualized simulation
Authors: Bao Wei , Wang Ke , Gao Xiang , Song Jie , Zeng Ping , Zhou Desheng , Zhu Haoyu , Geng Qi
Published: April 2020

Due to the application of network communication for smart substations, the security measures of secondary equipment become implicit and complicated, which makes it difficult to verify the security measures. This article proposes a strategy for the verification of security measures for smart substations. Firstly, based on SCD, ICD and SPCD, the model for smart substations is constructed. Secondly, a formalized description mechanism for security measures is presented for computer processing. Finally, the security measures are verified through the simulation on MATLAB/Simulink. Through the application of a 220kV smart substation, it proves that the verification scheme is intuitional and effective.
Stochastic Dispatching of Wind Power Considering Errors of Power Prediction
Authors: Shuiyao CHEN , Wenjin CHEN , Xu HE , Bo WANG , Jun ZHANG , Huichao WANG
Published: April 2020

Aiming at the stochastic dispatch problem brought by wind power, the expected model of wind power considering the errors of power prediction is established according to stochastic programming theory. And the calculation steps based on Monte Carlo stochastic simulation and genetic algorithm are proposed. An IEEE 30-bus example with wind farms is given to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. The result shows that the stochastic dispatch method based expected value model can quantify the uncertainty caused by the prediction error of wind power well and optimize the expected value of wind power accommodation. It plays a positive role in improving dispatching level and promoting wind power accommodation.
Vacancy trapping meachanism of multiple hydrogen/helium atoms in fcc-Fe: A first-principles study
Authors: Zhao Sen , He Bin , Wang Fei , Li Rusong , Niu Libo , Qu Xin
Published: April 2020

Using first-principles calculations, we studied the dissolution and diffusion behaviors of H/He atom in perfect fcc-Fe and vacancy capture multiple H/He atoms meachanism in fcc-Fe. The calculation results show that H/He atom prefers to occupy octahedral site, and they diffused along octahedral site-tetrahedral site-octahedral site in perfect fcc-Fe. Inside vacancy, H atom prefers to occupy octahedral site, while He atom prefers to occupy the vacancy center. The exist of H/He atom would decrease the vacancy formation energy. According to capture energies, a vacancy can trap five H atoms in fcc-Fe, but more He atoms can be accommodated even when the number of He atoms reaches sixteen. Therefore, the result provides an important theoretical basis to research the mechanism of hydrogen and helium embrittlement.
Sensory descriptive analysis of green tea: correlation with chemical components
Authors: Tang Yingman , Yu Xinyu , Zhang Yi , Lu Xuefeng , Liu Qianqian , Jia Yangyang , He Chunlei
Published: April 2020

Quantitative descriptive analysis was used to determine the taste of 12 Sichuan green tea, and to analyze the correlation between the chemical components and taste attributes of tea infusions. The results showed that there is an interaction between the taste properties of tea, and the main taste attributes were bitterness and astringency, while the related components were catechin and tea polyphenols, and the effects of caffeine were still to be further investigated.
Determination of total dissolved nitrogen in seawater based on Sequential Injection Analysis
Authors: Zhang Y M , Zou Y , Shi Q , Wang Y , Sun Z L , Wang Q , Liu Y
Published: April 2020

In this paper, we established a sequential injection method to monitoring the concentration of total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) in seawater, which combined with an UV-thermal digestion. The sequential injection method consumes less reagents and less time, mixes more evenly than the flow injection method. TDN detection process mainly includes three parts: the digestion process of conversion organic nitrogen to nitrate, the reduction process of nitrate to nitrite, and the process of reaction between nitrite and chromogenic agent. The UV-thermal digestion that transforms dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) into nitrate has the highest digestion efficiency. The nitrate reduction process with a UV lamp is considered a greener choice which avoids the toxic substance and complicated operation of cadmium column reduction. We analyzed the optimal concentrations of all the reagents used in the experiment with the univariate experimental design. The reaction conditions were optimized by using three kinds of DON, which were C2H5NO2, CH4N2S and C10H14N2Na2O8. Under the optimal reaction conditions, we tested the seawater in the Qingdao Sculpture Garden and the recovery rate of adding standard. In May, the TDN concentration of seawater in Qingdao Sculpture Garden was 122.94μg/L, the relative standard deviation was 0.34%. The recovery rate was as high as 99.94% to 100.39%. The outcomes indicate that the proposed method can apply to the potential in-situ monitor.
Development of deep sea ARV cables physical characteristics
Authors: Peng Chen , Shangkui Yang , Yongzhan Cao , Shuyun Zhu , Yuwang Liu , Zhuang Ge , Shihong Bai
Published: April 2020

Aiming at the challenging frontier problem of umbilical cable properties theory, which has been puzzled by this kind of robot for many years but has not been solved yet, this paper proposes an umbilical cable properties modelling method based on Kirchhoff elastic bar theory. This method analyzes the force on the umbilical cable member in the equilibrium state, obtains the Kirchhoff equation of the mobile cable in the equilibrium state, and then establishes the physical characteristics model of the mobile cable, and obtains the form of umbilical cable and the stress on the end point by solving the model. The new modelling theory research on the physical characteristics of deep-sea umbilical cable carried out in this paper is expected to solve the problem of “unclear” problems of deep-sea slender umbilical cable, get rid of the dilemma of “blind man and elephant”, and provide guarantee for the safe and efficient operation of deep-sea robots.
Analysis of the Influence of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on Electricity Demand in China and the United States: based on GTAP-Dyn Model
Authors: Zhang Lili , Wang Xiang , Tang Rui
Published: April 2020

The GTAP-Dyn model was used to study the impact of the tax cuts and jobs act on the economic structure and electricity demand in China and the United States. According to the main content of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the main products of trade friction, and the major countries participating in the tax cuts, three policy scenarios including US tax reform, trade barriers, and competitive tax cuts were designed. The results show that Countries competing for tax reduction benefit China’s economic growth, industrial structure optimization and electricity intensity enhancement.
Numerical Simulation of Unstable Flow in Cooling Pump of Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Shen Chunhao , Zhang Haoyang , Si Qiaorui , Xia Shuijing , Huang Kaile , Yuan Jianping
Published: April 2020

Cooling pump is an important device to ensure the reliable and stable working of the internal combustion engine. As the size of the structure is limited by space, its internal flow is complex. To explore the internal flow of cooling pump, the numerical simulation of the full flow field of the model pump under different flow conditions is carried out by using the Detached-Eddy Simulation (DES) model, and the unstable flow characteristics in the flow-path are analyzed. The results show that the intensity of pressure fluctuation near the tongue is the highest and the flow deterioration is the most serious. Under the condition of small flow rate, the area of flow separation is from the tongue to the outlet, return vortices and rotating stall occur in the impeller flow-path, and the outlet vortices dominate the vibration characteristics of the cooling pump. The lowest non-uniformity coefficient of impeller inlet corresponds to the 0.7Q
d working point in high efficiency area, but the vertical degree of outflow is same, which is close to the ideal flow direction, and the velocity distribution of flow-path section becomes more uniform with the increase of flow rate. The change of flow rate will affect the unstable degree of the inlet flow, thus affecting the flow rate of the working fluid flowing into the impeller. The unstable degree of the inlet is more serious when the cooling pump works under the condition of small flow rate. The research results can provide some theoretical reference for the structural design of cooling pump.
Optimum design of downhole chokes with high sulfur content and large pressure difference
Authors: Huiyun Ma , Yuan Jiang , Qiang Yin , Fangfang Zhang , Shaowei Chen , Yanxin Lv , Guoping Lei
Published: April 2020

Natural gas resources are abundant in southwest China, but the exploitation environment with high pressure and sulfur always affects the working performance of downhole chokes, which in turn restricts the output of natural gas. In this paper, a high sulfur resistance fixed downhole choke is designed for high temperature (120°C), high production rate and high pressure difference (105MPa) sand-producing Wells. Through the nozzle discharge model to simulate the flow of the fluid through the nozzle, with Bono Maleev method to predict the hydrate formation conditions of downhole choke for the design of the structure. According to the failure forms of different parts, the materials were optimized, and the high sulfur resistant 3YC51 alloy, hard alloy and wear and corrosion resistant sulfur resistant rubber were selected through the test to improve the service life of the choke in the high sulfur high-pressure gas well and ensure the reliability of the tool. The results of numerical analysis on the tool holder and the pressure test of the Laboratory seal show that the choke designed has a good sealing and pressurization performance in the high temperature and high pressure difference environment of 120°C and 105MPa, and it can realize the function of lowering the pressure at the bottom of the well under this working condition, meeting the feasibility requirements. Through this design, the design and improvement of high sulfur gas well tool and new choke has guiding significance.
Numerical study on sealing performance of supercritical carbon dioxide compressor dry gas seal
Authors: Wu Jun , Zhao Xufeng , Zhao Zhenxing , Dai Lu , Lao Xingsheng , Lv Weijian
Published: April 2020

Aiming at the serious problem of gap leakage between the stator and rotor of the supercritical carbon dioxide compressor, the dry gas seal scheme for centrifugal compressor of small S-CO2 power system is designed in this paper. The sealing characteristics of the single-stage spiral groove dry gas seal in the S-CO2 operating environment are studied by the large-scale commercial CFD numerical analysis software ANSYS CFX. The leakage characteristics of the S-CO2 dry gas seal at different film thicknesses are obtained. The results show that the S-CO2 dry gas seal leakage flow rate increases linearly with the increase of the film thickness. The dry gas seal leakage flow rate under different film thickness is 0.04%∼0.45% of the S-CO2 compressor flow rate, which can meet the leakage requirements of the centrifugal compressor shaft end seal in the small S-CO2 power system.
Key technologies and development trends of intelligent manufacturing and robot application
Authors: Chen Xingyu , Ren Guoqiang
Published: April 2020

In recent years, the overall development status of artificial intelligence in China is relatively good, and it has received extensive attention and attention from people from all walks of life.In particular, reviewing the history of the entire smart manufacturing industry, China’s overall development in this field is very fast, but there are still many aspects that need to be reformed and innovated.Therefore, this paper analyzes the key technologies of intelligent manufacturing and robot application, and predicts its future development trend, which is of substantial significance to the future sustainable development of the industry.
UAV-based Regional Environmental Monitoring IoT System
Authors: Yang Ni , Li Bin
Published: April 2020

The UAV regional environmental monitoring system has the characteristics of various functions and simple operation. Relevant staff can ensure effective monitoring of regional temperature and humidity by means of specific mobile networks and flight control of drones. Based on past work experience, this paper summarizes the content of program demonstration and system design, and discusses the software flow design of regional environmental monitoring IoT system from five aspects: process design review, overall structure, topology diagram module, information query display module and system test.
Study on Frost Heaving Evaluation of Typical Soil Samples along Qinghai-Tibet Highway
Authors: Ji Yanjun , Zhang Xuelin , Chen Liang , Hu Yupu
Published: April 2020

Based on the geological survey data of 167 boreholes along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, the relationship between frost heaving force and natural density and water content of soil samples was analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the natural density along the line is concentrated from 1.9 g·cm−3 to 2.2 g·cm−3. The frost heaving force decreases with the increase of the natural density. Frost heaving force is affected by natural density in three stages. The frost heaving force increases with the increase of natural water content, which can be divided into three stages, too. The surface water system is developed and the water content in the shallow layer is relatively large, which makes the frost heaving force reach 37kPa, which is the maximum along the line.
Steady-state Operational Characteristics for Condenser and Correlative Equipment
Authors: Hao Wu , Yingzhe Hou , Chunguo Wang
Published: April 2020

Effective control of condenser backpressure and outlet supercooling plays important role in thermal deaeration process. The backpressure model of condenser is established to analyse the pressure and temperature impact of circulating water flow, circulating water temperature and suction capacity of air ejector. The steady-state control characteristics and ability of the above factors to backpressure are analyzed.
Research and Application of Soft Switching Technology in Power Dispatching Communication Network
Authors: Tang Wei , Jiang Hai , Long Jiao , Liu Qing , Shi Ji
Published: April 2020

Softswitch is the development direction of next-generation networks, which can better achieve network convergence and service convergence. Soft switching technology has gradually replaced circuit switching technology has become an inevitable trend. This paper analyzes the meaning of softswitch technology and the problems existing in China’s electric power dispatching network, and elaborates the specific application of softswitch in the electric power dispatching communication private network, and hopes to provide some inspiration for the research in this field.
Risk Analysis of High Pressure Gas Pipeline Leakage Based on Bow-tie Model and IAHP
Authors: Zhang Yu , Lv Shuran , Wang Wanqing
Published: April 2020

Natural gas is a kind of inflammable and explosive high-risk gas, and its transportation mainly depends on high-pressure pipelines. Serious pipeline leaks can cause fires and explosions. These accidents will cause loss of life and property to residents along the line. Therefore, it is very important to conduct risk analysis on high-pressure gas pipelines. In this paper, the Bow-tie model is used to conduct a strict logical reasoning on the causes and consequences of pipeline leakage, and a complete and clear risk evaluation index system for high-pressure gas pipelines is proposed. Secondly, the improved analytic hierarchy process (IAHP) is used to calculate the weight of each indicator and sort the weights. The calculation shows that the equipment plays a major role in the first-level indicators. Among the secondary indicators, the safety equipment, alarm system, natural disasters, operational misoperations, safety inspection errors, and design misoperations account for a significant weight ratio. The evaluation results of various factors are basically consistent with the actual situation. The research results can provide a reliable basis for the daily safety management of gas pipelines.
Life Cycle Cost Prediction of Substation Based on Advanced PSO and Least Squares Support Vector Machine
Authors: Yi Xiong , Chuanyu Xiong , Wu Wen , Zhiwei Xiong , Lie Li , Xiaohong Liao , Lipin Sun , Qiupeng Zhou , Yuxin Zou , Shuang Liao , Yue Ming , Ting Guo , Li Ma
Published: April 2020

The rapid prediction of the full life cycle cost of substation has guiding significance for the construction of substation. In this paper, a substation full life cycle cost prediction model based on advanced particle swarm optimization (advanced PSO, APSO) least squares support vector machine is established. The relevant characteristic index of the substation life cycle is used as the input of the model, and the output is the substation full life cycle cost. The simulation results are compared with the prediction results of APSO optimized LS-SVM, traditional LS-SVM, BP neural network four prediction models and related performance indicators. The simulation results show that the APSO optimized LS-SVM model has better prediction accuracy, and can predict and evaluate the life cycle cost quickly and accurately during substation design and construction, and improve the economics of substation construction.
An automatic update framework for fault diagnosis machine on BOG compressor
Authors: Xie Guangyao , Zeng Yuyun , Zhu Wenbo , Wu Zhongkun , Liu Jingquan
Published: April 2020

The fault diagnosis onBoil-off Gas(BOG) compressor is necessary for the safety and economic benefits in operation. This paper proposed an automatic update framework for diagnosis machine on BOG compressor. Data discretization is applied to transform data through expert experience to Bayesian network. This framework is able to update diagnosis models from expert experience provided by operators.
Study on the Preparation of Water-storage Capsules and its Effect on the Quality of Cigarettes
Authors: Wang Hao , Zheng Han , Zhan Jianbo , Zhang Ying , Li Geng , Wang Xu , Cheng Liang , Kong Linghan , Yu Zhenhua , Xie Jiao , Li Liwei , Yu Tingting , Yu Yao , Yu Jiang , Ding Haiyan , Yue Baoshan
Published: April 2020

The contents of existing cigarette capsules are basically the storage of ester soluble flavors and fragrances. In this paper, several new kinds of water-storage cigarette capsules were prepared. The influence of the new water-storage cigarette capsules before and after break on the quality of cigarette smoke has been comparably studied with usual samples without capsules. The experimental results show that the moisture content of the smoke increases significantly after water-storage cigarette capsules are pinched, the closer the placement position is to the suction end, the longer the moisture continues. Once the position of capsules in the filter rods is settled, moisture content of the smoke is related to capsule size and moisture keeping. The larger the size of the cigarette capsules is, the higher the moisture content of the smoke is. In the case of total particle content, samples with capsules after pinching is higher than that before pinching, and the content of tar of samples with capsules after pinching is lower than that before pinching, and there was no significant difference in the indexes of CO and suction times. Water-storage capsules are an effective way to reduce harmful smoke and tar, and that to improve the sensory quality of smoking. Water-storage capsules will have broad development and application prospects in the future.
Level of Erosion Hazard in Buffer Zone of Great Forest Park Sultan Syarif Hasyim Riau
Authors: Hadinoto Hadinoto , Suhesti Eni , Ikhwan Muhammad
Published: April 2020

The buffer zone of Great Forest Park Sutan Syarif Hasyim, is adjacent to the conservation area that must be protected. Conditions of this hilly area there are water dams and some areas open because of forest burning. In the area there are traces of human activities to open and work the land. This will result in erosion, which impacts the silting of the dam. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of erosion hazard. This research uses survey method. Data retrieval is done by field checks. The data taken, among others; land cover or land use pattern and soil type at the study site. The result of calculation of erosion rate value by using USLE formula then classified into five classes, which is very light, light, medium, heavy, and very heavy. The level of erosion hazard for the area around the dam at the study site shows the category from mild to moderate. The lowest alleged soil erosion is found in the forest and highest in agricultural crops. The area of agricultural crops has a category of erosion hazard at a moderate level with an estimated erosion of 68.19 tonnes / ha / year. And areas with forest cover in the category of light erosion hazard with an estimated erosion of 27.15 tonnes / ha / year
Comparison of Measurement Results in the Breaking System Between Copper Electrodes, Aluminum and Mixed Iron on Solid and Swamp Clay
Authors: Setiawan David , Situmeang Usaha , Monice
Published: April 2020

The grounding system or so-called grounding system is a security system from a possible electrical surge such as lightning. A good containment system will be influenced by the type of electrode used and the condition of the soil where the electrode is implanted. In this study, the authors compared 3 (three) electrodes, namely copper electrodes, aluminum electrodes and mixed iron electrodes which were implanted in 2 (two) different soil conditions, namely in swamp soil and solid clay. From the measurement results obtained data that the copper electrode is better than the aluminum electrode and the mixed iron in solid clay conditions, whereas in the wetland conditions, the three electrodes received very little measurement results between copper electrode, aluminum electrode and mixed iron electrode. Based on the standard grounding resistance value set in the PUIL where the earthing resistance and the whole grounding system shall be no more than 5 ohms so to obtain the value, the depth of the copper electrode under solid clay conditions shall be implanted deeper than the marshland conditions. From the results of the comparison at a depth of 80cm, the resistance value of the earthing copper electrode on solid clay is 952 ohm and in the swamp soil is 71.07 ohm, the Aluminum Electrode in solid clay is 995.5 ohm and swamp soil is 68.52 ohm and iron the mixture on clay is 1052 ohm and swamp soil 76.55 ohm.
Plant Response Due to Inoculation of Fr.Mull Earthworm (Pontoscolex Corethrurus): Pakchoy (Brassica Rapa L) Context
Authors: Lidar Seprita , Surtinah
Published: April 2020

The study aimed to determine the effect and number of Pontoscolex corethrurus Fr.Mull earthworms which gave the best effect on pakcoy crop production. The experiment was conducted experimentally with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 levels of treatment with 3 replications with observation parameters were plant height, number of leaves, leaf width and consumption weight. Observation data were analyzed statistically by variance, if F calculated was greater or equal to F Table 5%, followed by Duncan's multiple distance test at 5% level. Inoculation of the Pontoscolex corethrurus earthworm Fr.Mull can improve the growth and production of Pakcoy plants, with the best number of earthworms being 8 per pot.
Ecological Wisdom of Oral Tradition: Surface and Deep Structure Tension in Preserving the Lake Environment
Authors: Anwar Khairil
Published: April 2020

This study is about ecological wisdom as the content of oral traditions. The oral tradition lives in its people who live in various topographic nature. Oral tradition is closely related to the local environment. The people living around the lake have the oral tradition in form of legends, myths, and fairy tales. The existence of the oral tradition contains the tension between the surface and deep structure of the environmental preservation. Surface structure is supported by 'modern' humans, on the contrary, deep structures are used by 'traditional' humans. This phenomenon is caused by the advancement of knowledge and technology. For traditional humans, oral traditions have the function. However, for modern humans, it makes no sense. In addition, the oral tradition has meaning as the system of production and reproduction from ecological and environmental material for the benefit of human beings. Ecological wisdom gives enlightenment to make green moral human character in using of nature for sustainable development.
Adaptation of Azolla Mycrophyla to Brackish Water Ecosystem
Authors: Effendi Irwan , Saputra Eko , Tanjung Afrizal , Elizal
Published: April 2020

Azolla microphylla is a tropical and subtropical fern with a length of 1.5-2.5 cm. Some genera can grow in brackish waters, but these biota are more commonly referred to as freshwater plants. Utilization of this macrophyte as fish and livestock feed (cattle, goats, ducks, ducks and chickens) have been introduced in some part of the world. Therefore, it is necessary to know the best way to adapt the fern into brackish water ecosystem and examine the potential for growth in such environment. In this study, two adaptation methods were performed, namely instant adaptation (IA) method and the step by step adaptation (SSA) method. A number of 25-liter plastic basin were filled with 20 l of freshwater or sea water, salt marsh sediment (500 g) and fermented chicken manure (500 g) and used as experimental unit. In the IA approach, the water salinity was adjusted from the beginning at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppt, planted with fern and observed for 21 days. While in the SSA method, the fern was firstly grown on an experimental unit of 0 ppt for 7 days. Then the water salinity was increased of 1 ppt every 7 days, until day 49. All experimental units were observed daily, including; survival rate, absolute growth, total growth, doubling time, and histological observations of leaves, rhizomes and macrophyte roots. The study showed that in IA aproach, A. microphyla grew normally only in salinity 0 ppt (freshwater). In 5 ppt experimental unit, the organisms survived until day 14. Similarly, at 10 ppt, the macrophytes grew and branched up to day 7. While the treatment of salinity 15 and 20 ppt A. microphylla survived up to 5 and 3 days only, respectively. In SSA method, the fern grew well and the population increased until day 49 at salinity 6 ppt. From the study can be suggested that in case of growing A. mycrphylla in brackish water ecosystem, the organism can be cultivated at salinity below 6 ppt by using step by step method of adaptation.
Ecological Analysis of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei) Cultivation: Rokan Hilir and Dumai Context
Authors: Effendi Irwan , Elizal
Published: April 2020

The research was aimed to analyzed ecologically feasibility and prospective of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) cultivation in Rokan Hilir Regency and City of Dumai. The sudy was conducted from January 2017 to April 2018 in 5 sub-districts; Sungai Sembilan (City of Dumai), Sinaboi, Rimba Melintang, Bangko and Batu Hampar (Rokan Hilir District), Riau Province, Indonesia. Water samples were collected at the Senepis River, Nyamuk River, Sinaboi River, Teluk Dalam River, RKT plot and Camp Pemda in the Diamond Raya Timber concession area. It was noted; pH (5.22-7.0), salinity (5.0 to 22.5), phosphate (0.4-1.263 mg/L), ammonia (0.03-0.352 mg/L), nitrate (0.346-0.379 mg/L), CO2 (15.980-123.685 mg/L) DO (2.7-5.7 mg/L) COD (70.4-114.4 mg/L), BOD (4.85-6.4 mg/L) and number of Coliform bacterial cells (7.0-233.05 cfu/100 ml). The dominant species of fish caught in river waters are common species, as in zooplankton, phytoplankton, benthos, and manngrove community. Based on species data, abundancy index, diversity index, homogenity index and dominance index shows that the waters are still in normal condition. The study conclude the area is still in normal condition and suitable for Pacific white shrimp cultivation.
Selected Firms Environmental Variables: Macroeconomic Variables, Performance and Dividend Policy Analysis
Authors: Romus Masteven , Anita Rizqa , Abdillah Muhammad Rasyid , Zakaria Nor Balkish
Published: April 2020

This study aims to investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables such as gross domestic product (GDP) and interest rate of Bank Indonesia toward dividend policy through return on assets (ROA). The population in this study is the Property and Real Estate Company Sector listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) which amounted to 48 companies. While the sampling is done by using purposive sampling approach so that the sample in this research is determined 10 Company. Data analysis techniques use multiple linear regression. The result of this study shows that GDP growth rate has a positive effect on firm performance. Interest rate of Bank Indonesia has no significant effect on firm performance. GDP growth rate has a positive effect on dividend policy. Furthermore, interest rate of BI has no significant effect on dividend policy. In addition, firm performance has a positive effect on the dividend policy.
Regional Development Environment: Implementation, Realization & Contribution of Revenue in Pematangsiantar
Authors: Siregar Robert Tua , Sinaga Rudi Salam , Nasution Ilham Ramadhan , Nasution Chairika , Panjaitan Ferry , Modifa Ira
Published: April 2020

The objective of this study was to analyze the local financial capacity of Pematangsiantar in the course of duty governance, development and community development, the contribution and growth of local taxes, the effectiveness of financial management, the projections and trends of the Local Revenue sources, Admission Local Revenue, and the prospect of Regional Income of Pematangsiantar during Fiscal Year 2015-2017 and the contribution of regional revenue to regional development in Pematangsiantar. The result of this research shows that the Realization of Regional Revenue of Pematangsiantar contributed an average of 93.81 percent, according to the assessment criteria, and the subject included in the category of effective is above 90%. This means that local governments of Pematangsiantar was appropriate and realistic in planning revenue can be seen from their achievements. Contributions and regional revenue growth has increased, indicating their maximum effort in intensification and extensification reception of the Local Taxes and Levies. Discussion of research is with the original income as one source of revenue which shall be used to finance expenditure in order to realize a more equitable development with intensification and extensification of the Local Revenue in line with its potential.
Exploring Three Varieties of Sweet Corn (Zea Mays Saccharata, Sturt) In Pekanbaru: Exciting Agronomic Crops
Authors: Surtinah Surtinah
Published: April 2020

The results of the research have been obtained three varieties of sweet corn that produce high. The three varieties are tested in Bukit Raya sub-district. The research aim is to get the highest production varieties in Bukit Raya crater. The treatment design was three varieties of sweet corn, and the environmental design used was a complete randomized design, the mean difference test for treatment using Duncan distance test. The parameters observed were weighted cob weight, cob weight without weight, long unsweetened cobs, and sugar content. The varieties that provide the best production and the highest sugar content in Bukit Raya Subdistrict are varieties of Bonanza
Policy Impact Areas of Spatial Plan Investment Climate of Business Plantation in Riau Province
Authors: Hasnati Hasnati , Yalid Yalid
Published: April 2020

The problems of this study sets on how the RTRW policy impact on the investment climate in Riau plantation fields?, then, how the efforts made in the middle of the lack of certainty RTRW policy towards investment in plantations in Riau Province?. This sociological study employ a survey to revealed that the fundamental phenomena that affect the investment climate in the province of Riau is the completion of the RTRW. It is a law that underlies the use of space/land. Therefore, the effect of the completion of this RTRW enormous impact because almost all areas of business will be affected. This is because each investment will obviously be a need for land/land for business activities. However, until this study RTRW by law Riau province has not been established, because there are still problem resolution status of forest in the Ministry of Forestry. Of course, the local government of Riau Province including the districts/cities in Riau did not dare to take the risk of a new legal issue licenses for plantation investments. That is all there is no certainty RTRW Riau provincial government did not dare to give permission for the investor field plantation to use the land. Investment in the plantation business which has been running until now is only an investment based on the provisions of the RTRW long. However, it will not be given permission for a new investor to acquire new land anyway. Despite promising a significant contribution to the income of Riau Province. Last issue of discourse RTRW Riau Province will be completed soon. Estimates in February 2017 RTRW Riau will soon be passed.