bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Как учатся взрослые: факторы выбора образовательных программ
Authors: Коршунов Илья Алексеевич , Тюнин Аркадий Михайлович , Ширкова Наталия Николаевна , Мирошников Максим Сергеевич , Фролова Ольга Алексеевна
Published: May 2021

На основе данных опроса сотрудников и работодателей малых и средних компаний в работе проанализированы факторы, влияющие на выбор образовательных программ и форматов обучения, в том числе среди различных профессиональных групп.
Обнаружено, что картина имеющихся дефицитов навыков значительно различается по мнению работодателей и работников: работодатели отмечают, что у сотрудников не развиты необходимые предприятию компетенции, а работники больше внимания уделяют преодолению дефицита навыков, необходимых для их индивидуального карьерного роста. Работники обращают внимание на внешние атрибуты (удобное расписание, бренд организации), а работодатели больше внимания уделяют содержанию образовательной программы (результативности и специфике приобретаемых навыков для своих сотрудников). Ориентация работодателей на содержательные характеристики образовательной программы объясняется приоритетом накопления специфического человеческого капитала, соответствующего потребностям конкретного предприятия, а ориентация сотрудников на внешние условия реализации — более высокой оценкой полученной квалификации другими работодателями.
Результаты исследования показали приоритет информального обучения, используемого для устранения дефицита навыков респондентами с высшим и средним профессиональным образованием. Данные варианты обучения расцениваются работниками в качестве наиболее эффективных и позволяют компенсировать недостаток неформального обучения. Установлено, что преобладающее большинство работников предпочитает учиться в собственной организации от опытных коллег,также ценится и считается наиболее рейтинговым документ об образовании, выданный университетом.
Статья может быть интересна широкому кругу специалистов в сфере образования взрослых, руководителям HR-служб и подразделений дополнительного образования университетов, а также руководителям предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса с целью оптимизации процесса обучения персонала.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ соглашения о предоставлении гранта: 075-15-2020-928).
Доверие как мост над пропастью неуверенности между властью и обществом
Authors: Ильичева Людмила Ефимовна , Кондрашов Андрей Олегович , Лапин Андрей Викторович
Published: May 2021

В сложившихся условиях повышенных социальных рисков, связанных с негативными правовыми, духовными и морально-этическими последствиями перехода в новый цифровой технологический уклад, актуализация проблемы доверия населения к власти вызвана растущим разрывом между социально-экономическими и политическими ожиданиями людей и выполнением властью своих обещаний. В этих обстоятельствах доверие к проводимой государством политике становится ключевым фактором, способным придать гражданам уверенность в будущем, повысить их личную ответственность и эффективность их деятельности. Доверие детерминировано общей мировоззренческой позицией власти, бизнеса и гражданского общества по основным приоритетам и важнейшим направлениям развития, закрепляемым в соответствующем общественном договоре. В таком обществе участники могут ассоциировать себя с конструктом «мы-группа», означающим взаимное доверие и учет интересов других в соответствии с духом солидарности. Анализ предпосылок и вероятных путей достижения состояния «мы-группа», предпринятый в статье, показывает принципиальную возможность управления доверием населения к власти путем согласования интересов основных акторов.
 Благодарность. Статья написана при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, грант №20-011-31357 «Технологии управления доверием к власти, упреждения угроз и вызовов региональной социально-политической стабильности».
Глобальное информационное онлайн-пространство в 2020 г.: динамические характеристики
Authors: Шариков Александр Вячеславович
Published: May 2021

Статья описывает результаты исследования, цель которого – выявить динамические характеристики глобального информационного онлайн-пространства в 2020 г. Данное условное пространство рассматривается в языковых и тематических границах, предоставляемых системой FACTIVA, специализирующейся на мониторинге информации политического, экономического и социального характера с использованием ресурсной базы из более чем 30 тыс. онлайн-источников (крупнейшие мировые СМИ, информационные агентства и др.) на 25 языках, которые, по состоянию на 3 марта 2021 г., репрезентировали 91,7% контента интернета.
Подтверждена тенденция расширения интернета, проявившаяся также в увеличении количества материалов, составляющих ресурсную базу системы FACTIVA. Обнаружена недельная цикличность производства новых материалов, которая объясняется чередованием будних и выходных дней. Выявлена привязка к традициям различных стран в организации выходных дней в зависимости от преобладания типа культуры (христианской, мусульманской и пр.). В странах христианской традиции минимум новых публикаций наблюдается по воскресеньям, в мусульманских странах — по пятницам. Пик количества материалов в глобальном масштабе приходится на четверг. В научный обиход введены два новых динамических концепта, описывающих изменчивость появления онлайн-материалов. Первый — «глобальный медиавсплеск», описывающий существенный рост количества продуцируемых материалов в течение нескольких дней по сравнению с аналогичными днями предыдущей недели.  Второй — «глобальный медиашторм», проявляется в сравнении с предыдущим месяцем. Сильными предложено считать глобальные медиавсплески и медиаштормы, при которых количество материалов увеличивается минимум на 15%.
Глобальный медиашторм не всегда связан с краткосрочными сенсационными материалами. Так, глобальный медиавсплеск, переросший в медиашторм, был зафиксирован в связи с убийством иранского генерала Касема Сулеймани и последующими событиями. А мощнейший глобальный медиашторм, при котором сильных глобальных медиавсплесков не наблюдалось, обусловлен пандемией COVID-19.
Благодарность. Работа выполнена на факультете коммуникаций, медиа и дизайна в рамках научно-исследовательского проекта «Трансформация картины мира в глобальном информационном онлайн-пространстве под влиянием пандемии COVID-19».
Probabilistic model-based fault diagnosis for the cavities of the European XFEL
Authors: Nawaz Ayla , Herzog né Hoffmann Christian , Graßhoff Jan , Pfeiffer Sven , Lichtenberg Gerwald , Rostalski Philipp
Published: May 2021

The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EuXFEL) is a complex system with many interconnected components and sensor measurements. We use factor graphs to systematically design a probabilistic fault diagnosis method for its cavity system. This approach is expandable to further subsystems and considers uncertainties from measurements and modeling. After representing a model of the cavity system in the factor graph framework, we infer marginal distributions, e. g., of the fault classes using tabulated message-passing definitions. The emerging fault diagnosis method consists of an unscented Kalman filter-based residual generator and an evaluation of the residuals using a Gaussian mixture model. We include message-passing definitions for the training of the Gaussian Mixture Model from noisy data using the expectation-maximization algorithm.
Konzept und Anwendung Autonomer Industrie 4.0-Komponenten auf Basis Agenten-basierter Ansätze
Authors: Wein Stephan , Dassen Yannick , Pallasch Christoph , Miny Torben , Storms Simon , Brecher Christian
Published: May 2021

Die Entwicklung dezentraler Produktionssysteme und -netzwerke stellt die Produktionstechnik vor neue Herausforderungen hinsichtlich der Beherrschung der Komplexität und Realisierung einer durchgängigen Verfügbarkeit einzelner Akteure. Neben den klassischen Ansätzen der Steuerungstechnik, wie Leitsystemen, werden zunehmend auch autonome Steuerungssysteme eingesetzt, die zur Reduktion der Komplexität und Befähigung dezentraler Prozesse beitragen. Im Rahmen der Initiative Industrie 4.0 werden daher Ansätze untersucht, die digitale Abbilder mittels Verwaltungsschalen zur autonomen Entscheidungsfindung und selbstständigen Koordination befähigen. Der vorgeschlagene Ansatz kombiniert Verwaltungsschalen und Agentenarchitekturen mit dem Ziel der Erstellung autonomer Industrie 4.0-Komponenten. Das vorgestellte Konzept wird anhand typischer Anwendungsbeispiele aus der drahtlosen Gerätekommunikation in der industriellen Automatisierung und der Forstwirtschaft demonstriert. Während in der Forstwirtschaft die Dezentralität der Prozesse und Akteure, die Komplexität der Interaktionen sowie fehlende Vernetzung diese vor besondere Herausforderungen bei der Realisierung einer digitale Produktionsinfrastruktur stellt, müssen bei der Nutzung funkbasierter Kommunikation in der industriellen Automatisierung Funkressourcen, Geräteverbunde und Prozessabläufe aufeinander abgestimmt werden.
Creating confidence in chemistry among students using ‘unboiling’ versus ‘unfrying’ of an egg: seasoning a food-science workshop with inquisitiveness, experimentation and research-dependent applications
Authors: Ghose Aditi
Published: May 2021

The announcement of the rare feat of ‘unboiling an egg’ in 2015 by biochemists from University of California, Irvine and Australia was more than just a chemistry demonstration. Pulling apart tangled proteins and allowing them to refold, the new technique not only prevented ‘misfolding’, thus also eliminating the chances for formation of useless products, but also speeded up the process by a factor of thousands. This technology promised transforming industrial and research production of proteins – affecting cheese flavouring and cancer treatment alike. A survey of 50 odd students in 2020, willing to enroll for an online Food-Science Workshop revealed, 72% did not believe that such an act like ‘unboiling an egg’ was possible, leave alone its being prevalent and essential. Delving into the nuances of this ‘egg-unboiling’ technology whilst contrasting it with ‘egg-unfrying’, our Workshop Incredible Edibles introduced sustainable-science in the guise of food-science. It is how lysozyme, urea, along with Maillard reaction, amino acids and sugars came together in the discussions that determined the gentle transition of these non-believers to hard-core fanatics of chemistry −76% participants admitted to having “discovered a whole new way to look at food” in the post-session survey. This article shall elucidate these results.
Structural, electronic, magnetic and mechanical properties of the full-Heusler compounds Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) and Mn2NiGe
Authors: Asli Naima , Dahmane Fethallah , Mokhtari Mohamed , Zouaneb Chahrazed , Batouche Mohammed , Khachai Houari , Srivastava Vipul , Naqib S. H. , Al-Douri Y. , Bouhemadou Abdelmadjid , Khenata Rabah
Published: May 2021

Mn-Ni based full-Heusler alloys belong to novel half-metallic compounds with a promising set of physical properties for applications as functional materials. Based on first principles calculations, the electronic structures, the magnetic and mechanical properties of Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) and Mn2NiGe full-Heusler alloys have been investigated in detail. The results revealed that the Mn2NiGe with Hg2CuTi type structure is more stable; on the other hand, for Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn), the Cu2MnAl type structure is more stable. The Mn2NiGe alloys are found to be half-metallic with an integer value of total magnetic moment of 4 μB which makes them interesting materials in the field of spintronics. The Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) alloys exhibit metallic character in both Hg2CuTi and Cu2MnAl type structures. The calculated B/G ratios for all the considered compounds Ni2Mn(Ge,Sn) and Mn2NiGe are greater than 1.75; therefore, these alloys are ductile, and the calculated Cauchy’s pressure is positive, which also classified these compounds as ductile materials.
The Lê-Trịnh Government’s Documentary Practices and Relationship with the Qing during the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Yoshikawa Kazuki
Published: May 2021

During the eighteenth century, the Vietnamese government relied on local chieftains to govern its northern uplands, including the Sino-Vietnamese border region. In Lạng Sơn Province—an intermediary point for diplomatic documents traveling from the Lê-Trịnh government to the Qing—the government constructed a documentary system that gave local chieftains considerable political responsibility. Under this system, local chieftains were responsible for administering tax collection and some forms of military service, researching the titles and positions of Qing officials, purchasing Qing calendars, and forwarding official documents. Thus, these local chieftains played important roles in eighteenth-century Sino-Vietnamese relations and politics.
Preparation of high water-absorbing hydrogel based on grafted micro/nano cellulose
Authors: Gala Suri , Mao Yi , Bao Xiuchun , Ma Bing , Pan Yanfei , Huang Jintian
Published: May 2021

An absorbent hydrogel with high-permeable solution resistance was prepared by free radical polymerization and crosslinking, by the process of micro/nano cellulose grafting with acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid (AMPS). Imbibition swelling curves revealed that absorbency of the hydrogel reached 70.2, 483.9, and 436.7 g/g in 0.9 wt% sodium chloride solution, 3 wt% urea solution, and rainwater, respectively. Fourier transform infrared results confirmed that acrylic acid (AA) and 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propyl sulfonic acid (AMPS) were grafted onto the micro/nano cellulose surface and the fiber structure persisted. Analysis with a confocal laser scanning microscope showed many pores on the polymer’s surface. Roughness became larger after grafting, which was conducive to water absorption capacity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that the main morphology of micro/nano cellulose did not change. BET results showed the presence of mesopores and macropores, which made the absorbent hydrogel highly permeable, allowing the internal and external absorbent groups to absorb water. H NMR confirmed that the cellulose was grafted with water-absorbent groups. In addition, lamellar structure and porous network morphology showed graft reaction occurred on the surface of micro/nano cellulose. The hydrogel has potential for agriculture and forestry, including in desertified and self-irrigated areas.
Beitrag zu den Vortrag L. Gerő: "Problematik des ungarischen Kunstdenkmalschutzes"
Authors: Banner János
Published: May 2021

X
Peretsényi László régészeti dolgozataiból
Authors: Kanozsay Margit
Published: May 2021

X
Skimmed Milk Flocculation Technique for Waste Water v1
Authors: Abraham Dilip , Raghava Mohan Venkata , not provided gkang
Published: May 2021

The direct examination of waste water is difficult due to low and fluctuating concentrations of microorganisms and because concentration procedures are usually organism and/or matrix specific and most techniques have high or unknown variability parameters. One-step skimmed milk flocculation (SMF) has been proposed as an efficient method to concentrate viruses in all types of environmental water matrices such as river water, seawater, groundwater and wastewater. The organic flocculation procedure is easy and fast to be carried out; it requires a simple laboratory infrastructure, thus eliminating costly equipment, in addition to the low cost of the inputs necessary to be performed. The aim of this study is to perform skimmed milk flocculation procedure in order to detect SARS-CoV-2 recovery from the waste water.
Coral Carbohydrate Assay for 96-well plates v1
Authors: B Bove Colleen
Published: May 2021

This protocol is designed to work with coral host tissue slurry that has been processed by airbrushing to remove the tissue from the skeleton and after removal of symbiont cells and homoginization. This protocol will allow quantification of carbohydrate concentrations of samples using 96-well plates for rapid assessment. This protocol was adapted from Masuko et al 20051. For calculation of carbohydrate concentrations, follow the directions presented in the materials section or use the custom Markdown file that can be found on my GitHub (CarbohydrateAssay_96wellplate). 1. Masuko T, Minami A, Iwasaki N, Majima T, Nishimura S, Lee YC. Carbohydrate analysis by a phenol-sulfuric acid method in microplate format. Anal Biochem. 2005 Apr 1;339(1):69-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2004.12.001. PMID: 15766712.
Law and Digitalization: Some Academic Illusions and Practical Issues
Authors: Leksin Ivan V.
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes two interrelated issues: the influence of digitalization upon the key phenomena that the legal theory deals with and the degree to which digitalization of actual processes reflects in the construction of the legislative provisions. The author examines the body of recent papers on these issues and the content of the Russian electoral and referendum legislation affected by the digitalization processes. He criticizes the unduly broad approach to understanding digitalization the Russian legal scholars tend to use and questions the applicability of the respective word to the most important legal phenomena. Above all, it comes necessary that the law can lend itself to digitization, while by no means it can be digitalized. Among the practical challenges the author emphasizes the need to rethink or redesign the structure of the usual legal relations exposed to the digital context. Vocabulary update and other superficial amendments to the existing legal provisions are quite an insufficient answer to this challenge. A careful and sophisticated revision of legislative construction is required in order to deal with the digitization issues, while currently the mentioned need often remains without due attention of the lawmakers
Correlation of International and Russian National Law with Regard to Environmental Protection of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Mursaliev Araz O.
Published: May 2021

In 2018, the legal status of the Caspian Sea was clearly defined. Hence, the issue of sustainable development takes the centre stage. Regional legal regime of environmental protection may develop through the transfer of executive functions provided for in the intergovernmental convention and entrusted to the national authorities of the Caspian States to a single competent authority in order to improve their efficiency. The article is aimed at studying the issues of correlation between international legal rules on the Caspian Sea environmental protection and Russian national legislation in order to identify the optimal scope of executive functions that can be transferred to a regional intergovernmental organization, as well as to identify promising directions for further development of the applicable national legislation. The author shows that for a more efficient environmental protection of the Caspian region the Caspian states need a single regional intergovernmental body that coordinates their environmental activities, collects data and information on pollution on a centralized and timely basis, and regularly performs assessment of the Caspian region environment. Further, the author also shows the need for further development of applicable national legislation in the context of the concept of integrated coastal management
Application of pantohematogen dry for treatment of discirculatory disorders in chronic prostatitis (experimental and clinical study)
Authors: Tihonov Igor V. , Tityaev Igor I. , Kasyanov Denis S. , Chekushin Ramil H.
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE: To study in experiment and in clinical conditions the effectiveness of the preparation pantogematogen dry, obtained from the blood of a maral, for the correction of dyscirculatory disorders in the prostate gland.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental and morphological part of the work was performed on 90 male Wistar rats with local venous congestion in the small pelvis due to ligation of the internal iliac veins. Animals of the main group (n = 30) underwent enteral correction with dry pantohematogen (in a daily dose of 10 mg per 100 g of animal weight) starting from the 7th day after modeling the disease, the course was 14 days. The rats of the 2nd group (n = 30) after modeling of venous stasis were not treated. Group 3 consisted of intact animals. During the clinical phase of the study, 61 patients with chronic congestive prostatitis were treated. All patients received standard therapy, and patients in the treatment group (n = 30) additionally received highly dispersed aerosol transrectal irrigation with an aqueous solution of pantohematogen, daily, for a course of 10 procedures.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Morphological examination of the prostate gland of laboratory animals with experimental discirculatory prostatitis and its subsequent enteral correction with panthematogen dry indicated significant differences compared with animals of the 2nd group. A tendency towards restoration of the normal structure of the prostate, its metabolism, regional and organ blood and lymph outflow, improvement of the drainage-detoxification and transport activity of its regional lymph nodes was noted. In the clinical part of the study, the effectiveness of the use of pantogematogen in patients with chronic congestive prostatitis was shown. At the end of the course of treatment in patients of the 1st group, the disappearance of pain (in 72.4% of cases) and dysuric (in 86.2% of cases) syndromes was observed, and in the rest a decrease in their intensity. According to the TRUS of the prostate in patients of the 1st group, after treatment in 52% of cases, a decrease in the volume of the prostate was noted.

CONCLUSIONS: The results of an experimental clinical study indicate the prospects for the inclusion of pantogematogen in the complex therapy of patients with chronic congestive prostatitis.
Purulent-septic complications in patient with renal calyx diverticulum
Authors: Zamyatnin Sergey A. , Gonchar Irina S. , Tsygankov Andrey V.
Published: May 2021

The calyx diverticulum is a cavity lined with urothelium that communicates through a narrow canal with the renal calyx-pelvis system. Most calyx diverticula are 0.5 to 2.0 cm in diameter and require surgical treatment exclusively for clinical manifestations of associated diseases. The most common complications of this nosology include urolithiasis and recurrent urinary tract infections. This article presents a rare case of a large diverticulum of the middle group of the calyces of the left kidney. The dimensions of the cavity filled with urine were 10 cm, which resulted in recurrent pyelonephritis, paranephritis and urosepsis.
Cytogenetic Analysis of Alburnus escherichii (Teleostei: Leuciscidae) in Turkey
Authors: ALPASLAN Zafer , ARSLAN Atilla
Published: May 2021

In this study, cytogenetic properties of A. escherichii were investigated using standard Giemsa staining, C-banding, and Ag-NOR staining techniques. The karyotype of Sakarya bleak, the diploid chromosome number was 2n = 50, consists of six pairs of metacentric, 12 pairs of submetacentric, and seven pairs of acrocentric autosomes (NF=86). No morphologically distinguishable heteromorphic sex chromosomes were detected in the karyotype. While most autosomes had centromeric and pericentromeric C-heterochromatin (some chromosomes slightly) blocks, the other autosomal pairs were C-negative. Also, the short arm of the eleventh submetacentric chromosome pair was entirely C-positive. The nucleolar organizer regions were localized in medium-sized submetacentric autosomal pairs. Active NORs associated with the C-heterochromatin were observed in the whole of the short arm of the eleventh chromosome pair, and their active NORs were homomorphic. The banded karyotypes of A. escherichii were reported in this study for the first time. Significant findings obtained in this research may contribute to cytotaxonomy of Alburnus species in Anatolian and Europe.
A clinical study of elective hysterectomies for benign lesions
Authors: Meena Mamta , . Urvashi , Kachawaha C. P. , Fatehpuriya Dharmendra Singh
Published: May 2021

Background: Hysterectomy is widely used for treating a variety of gynecologic conditions. Most hysterectomies are elective and are performed to treat benign indications. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the benign indication of hysterectomy, choice of surgical approach, safety and clinical aspect of hysterectomy as a surgical procedure and to correlate the findings with histopathological reports of the specimen.Methods: The present series represents a clinical study of 120 cases of elective hysterectomies for benign lesions. Out of which 73 were done by abdominal and 47 by vaginal route. Finally, all operated specimen were subjected to histological examination.Results: The main indications for elective hysterectomy were leiomyoma 53 (44.2%), prolapse 47 (39.2%) and dysfunctional uterine bleeding 11 (9.2%). Type of operation performed were mainly total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy in 60% cases and vaginal hysterectomy with anterior and posterior repair in 38.3% cases. The mean duration of surgery and average blood loss was more in vaginal procedure (90 min and 100ml) compared to abdominal (70 min and 80ml) respectively. Vaginal hysterectomy was associated with less morbidity and a smoother convalescence than abdominal hysterectomy. In 81.2% cases of abdominal hysterectomies correspondence of indication with histopathological report (HPR) were found, in vaginal 74.5% cases corresponded their histopathological report with their symptoms and investigations. Associated adnexal pathology was found in 8.3% cases. There was no mortality during the whole study period.Conclusions: Hysterectomy for benign pelvic lesions is a safe procedure and an important component of health care for women.
Study of clinical spectrum of hyperbilirubinemia with frequency of glucose six phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in neonates
Authors: Goel Keshawati , Srivastava Anshuman
Published: May 2021

Background: Jaundice is defined as visible reflexion of serum hyperbilirubinemia on mucous membranes and skin as yellowish discoloration. The frequency of icterus among neonates is about 1 in 2500-5000 live births. When there is disparity between the production of bilirubin, conversion from unconjugated to conjugated bilirubin and excretion of bilirubin results in jaundice. Unconjugated bilirubin is usually harmless but it can also cross blood-brain barrier causing neurotoxicity or kernicterus.Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study which is carried out in the department of paediatrics of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh from December 2019 to November 2020 on 74 neonates who required admission for hyperbilirubinemia.Results: The most common jaundice occurred in neonates were idiopathic or breastfeeding jaundice as the neonates were breast fed (47.29%). The second most common cause was ABO incompatibility leading to jaundice in 27 (36.48%) neonates. Incidence of neonatal Sepsis, G6PD deficiency, hypothyroidism and cephalhematoma was 22.9%, 4.1%, 2.70% and 4.1% respectively. Polycythemia contributed to 1.35% and the frequency of hyperbilirubinemia in infants of diabetic mother’s or GDM was 10.8%. Rh incompatibility was seen in 13.5%.Conclusions: G6PD deficiency is a significant cause for NNHB and the cases with pathological jaundice if left untreated may lead to severe neurological deficits and lifelong disabilities, hearing impairment, mental retardation, seizures and movement disorders. Hence we recommend G6PD screening in every newborn with significant hyperbilirubinemia to reduce morbidity and mortality.
The key complications of beta thalassemia major: a review and update
Authors: Chiew Jia Ying , Thiruchelvam Jeevitha , Bin Rahmat Mohd Azlan , William Stephanie Priscilla , Bin Shafien Zikril Iman , Banerjee Kishore Gopal
Published: May 2021

Thalassemia is a heterogeneous group of genetic disorder with the defective synthesis of one or more globin chains. β-thalassemia is a global disease with high prevalence in Africa, Southeast Asia and Mediterranean countries. In Malaysia, the α and β-thalassemia are the commonest. In the articles that we reviewed, transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia is highly associated with complications related to thalassemia such as cardiovascular disease, endocrine disorders, skeletal deformities and others. Following advancements in β-thalassemia major treatment, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality in β-thalassemia major patients. Thalassemia-associated cardiac pathology includes several conditions, such as myocardial dysfunction, arrhythmias and atrial fibrillation. Endocrine disorders, caused by iron deposition in the gland, resulting in impaired endocrine function. The commonest presentation is short stature followed by impaired puberty, abnormal thyroid function and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, skeletal complications remain a challenge. The most prevalent complications are malocclusion of the teeth, frontal bossing and chipmunk facies whilst osteoporosis, osteopenia and fracture are seen in a minority of the patient. Although comprehensive care has resulted in long-term survival and good quality of life, poor management will lead to complications that increase the treatment cost. However, genetic study (DNA analysis) examines the deletions and mutations in the α and β-globin-producing genes that help to correct diagnosis and improve management in thalassemia patients.
Long term oral azithromycin versus functional endoscopic sinus surgery in patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis: a comparative study
Authors: Yadav Garima , Yadav Mayank , Nautiyal Deeksha , Anand T. S.
Published: May 2021

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is defined as inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, a well-established class of anti-bacterial agents, which also have anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was designed to compare the role of azithromycin with surgical management in patients with chronic-rhinosinusitis.

Methods: The study population included 60 adult patients with symptomatic CRS refractory to 3 weeks of medical therapy. The patients were divided in two groups with 30 patients in each group. One group of patients received oral Azithromycin as main treatment for 12 weeks while the other group of patients underwent sinonasal surgery. Symptom scoring and endoscopic scoring were done previous to the treatment and at 1 month and 3-month follow-ups.

Results: A good subjective as well as objective outcome in terms of symptom improvement was obtained with in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with Surgical intervention as compared to those patients who received long term oral Azithromycin.

Conclusions: We advocate that patients suffering from chronic sinonasal disease should be initially targeted with maximal medical therapy using an oral macrolide for at least 3 months. After this patient should be assessed and surgery considered in those cases refractory to medical therapy.
Role of electronystagmography as a definitive tool in evaluation of vertigo: a clinical study
Authors: Nandyal C. B. , . Ramchandra
Published: May 2021

Background: Vertigo is one of the most distressing symptoms. It is difficult to identify, practically impossible to measure and not easy to treat. Electronystagmography (ENG) objectively records eye movements and thus tests the functional integrity of vestibulo-ocular reflex and its connections from inner ear to the brain. Hence, this present study was taken to evaluate the role of ENG in the diagnosis of vertigo, to know the peripheral, central and other causes of vertigo and to know the side of lesion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ENG in the diagnosis of vertigo, to know the peripheral, central and other causes of vertigo and to know the side of lesion.

Methods: This study included 60 patients who presented with primary complaints of vertigo or dizziness. Patients were subjected to ENG under optimal conditions and the results were obtained in the form of a graphical recordings after analysis of the ENG data.

Results: Of the 60 patients subjected to ENG, a peripheral cause was seen in 33 patients. 21 patients were diagnosed with benign positional paroxysmal vertigo (BPPV), whereas 06 patients showed a central lesion of the vestibular system.

Conclusions: ENG acts as a useful screening tool to differentiate between peripheral cause of vertigo and central cause of vertigo. It has special significance in localizing the side of the lesion. Hence, ENG has proven to be a useful first line investigation in the diagnosis of vertigo.
PRODUÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE IOGURTE ADICIONADO DE POLPA DE SERIGUELA
Authors: Araújo Ana Beatriz Medeiros , Azevedo Jonas Ariel de Souza , Rodrigues Thais Jaciane Araújo , Gouveia Deyzi Santos , Véras Ítala Viviane Ubaldo Mesquita
Published: May 2021

O mercado de alimentos saudáveis e funcionais tem crescido nos últimos anos e um dos produtos que ganhou bastante destaque foi o iogurte, principalmente quando é elaborado com diferentes sabores de frutas. A presente pesquisa foi conduzida com o objetivo de elaborar e caracterizar iogurte adicionado de polpa de seriguela, a fim de desenvolver um novo produto com características típicas da região Nordeste. Foram elaboradas três formulações de iogurte com a polpa de seriguela nas proporções de 15, 25 e 35% da polpa. As análises físico químicas realizadas foram pH, acidez titulável, teor de água, teor de cinzas e proteína. Os valores obtidos para pH (4,01 - 4,15), acidez titulável (0,66 - 0,68%) e proteína (2,05 - 2,16%) não mostraram grandes alterações mediante as diferentes concentrações de polpa de seriguela e, portanto, sem diferença significativas ao nível de 5% de probabilidade pelo teste de Tukey. Os teores de água foram inversamente proporcionais às quantidades de polpa adicionadas, variando de 79,54 a 80,91%. O teor de cinza (0,49 - 0,58%) variou de forma esperada, sendo maior em maiores concentrações de polpa.  Portanto, a produção de iogurte adicionado de polpa de seriguela é considerada viável, tendo em vista que contribuirá para a diversificação do setor lácteo e para o melhoramento das características físico-químicas do produto.
The Problem of Induction in the Context of Antithesis “Psychologism - Antipsychologismˮ
Authors: Khodikova Nina A.
Published: May 2021

The article examines the problem of induction posed by D. Hume and the connection of possible approaches to its solution with the adoption of psychological or antipsycholistic approaches in logic and epistemology. It demonstrates that a positive solution to the problem of induction is associated with the adoption of psychological attitudes and, apparently, is not allowed in the antipsychological approach on the example of D.S. Mill and K. Popper. The article affirms the thesis that psychologism in its modern forms (metapsychologism, mild psychologism) presupposes various ways in which the problem of induction can be positively solved.
Moving Research on International new Ventures Forward: A Systematic Reviews on Case Studies
Authors: Leão Pablo , Santos Renato Souza
Published: May 2021

Objective: We delve into the rapid internationalization literature to provide a literature review on the most recent empirical research on international new ventures (INVs). We focus on reporting how the literature on INVs has evolved through the lenses of case studies, and we highlight issues on the use of INVs concepts.Method: We conducted a systematic review of 99 case studies articles related to international new ventures published in leading journals in all areas of knowledge within management. We performed a two-cycle coding and a thematic analysis.Main Results: We have found researchers are applying INV and BG concepts interchangeably, thus incorrectly. Scholars have not considered nor discussed the theoretical implications of dropping and adding criteria when selecting cases. We also found the research in INV has thematically evolved as scholars have increasingly studied the post-internationalization moment of these companies.Relevance/originality: We contribute to the INV's literature by demonstrating the theory is now evolving to understand the post-internationalization moment of these companies. We also discuss the implication of selecting cases disregarding the criteria that qualify them as INVs.Theoretical/methodological contributions: Our research contributes with a discussion on the implications of loosely applying the INVs concepts and offers insights on how the literature has evolved.
The (Greatest) Fragment of Classical Logic that Respects the Variable-Sharing Principle (in the FMLA-FMLA Framework)
Authors: Szmuc Damian E.
Published: May 2021

We examine the set of formula-to-formula valid inferences of Classical Logic, where the premise and the conclusion share at least a propositional variable in common. We review the fact, already proved in the literature, that such a system is identical to the first-degree entailment fragment of R. Epstein's Relatedness Logic, and that it is a non-transitive logic of the sort investigated by S. Frankowski and others. Furthermore, we provide a semantics and a calculus for this logic. The semantics is defined in terms of a \(p\)-matrix built on top of a 5-valued extension of the 3-element weak Kleene algebra, whereas the calculus is defined in terms of a Gentzen-style sequent system where the left and right negation rules are subject to linguistic constraints.
Antibacterial Potential of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Carica papaya
Authors: Kushwaha M.S. , Nayak Anju , Rai A.K. , Bordoloi S. , Gupta V. , Jogi J. , Shakya P. , Himani K. , Gupta B.
Published: May 2021

Background: Drug resistant bacteria related health problems are major concern globally and search for newer and most effective antibacterial agents is the urgent need to combat with these challenges. The study was undertaken with the aim of isolating and identifying endophytic fungi associated with Carica papaya and assessing their potential as antibacterial agents. Methods: Carica papaya plants were collected from different locations and endophytic fungi were isolated and characterized phenotypically and genotypically by microscopy, colonial characteristics and ITS gene sequencing, respectively. Antibacterial activity of endophyte was assessed against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella Typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, using the agar plate diffusion assay method with Ciprofloxacin as a positive control. Result: Thirty four (34) fungal endophytes of two genera Fusarium and Penicillium were recovered from 60 samples of Carica papaya and they showed the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, the endophytic fungi have the potential to be used as an antibacterial agent.
Long-Term Outcomes in Children with Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Authors: Henley Megan , Hill Lindie , Inman Sydney , King Molly , Lopez Sam , Mahaffey Carley
Published: May 2021

The purpose of our critically appraised topic is to combine the best evidence regarding the long-term outcomes in children with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) regarding posture and movement, gross and fine motor control, and activities of daily living (ADL) performance. The final portfolio contains eight articles. The study designs of these articles include a retrospective cohort study, two retrospective non-randomized studies without a control group, a retrospective review, a nationwide follow-up questionnaire analysis study, a case report, a case series, and a multiple quantitative case study. All studies related directly to our evidence-based PICO question and were used to determine the best evidence of the long-term outcomes in children with AFM. Overall, our findings showed that functional improvements were seen in most i ndividuals, however, this varied from complete to incomplete recovery along with some persistent motor and functional deficits. Every case is different depending on when they were diagnosed, and how quickly they were able to implement a rehabilitation program into their everyday routine.
Estimating ADWF at Sewage Treatment Plants
Authors: de Haas David , Ng Stuart , Dahl Nick , Baulch Dean
Published: May 2021

Estimating and understanding Average Dry Weather Flow (ADWF) is fundamental to the planning, design, and operation of sewage treatment plants (STPs). This paper reviewed methods for estimation of ADWF, in four general groups: Rainfall-based; Equivalent person (EP) based; Basic statistical (Percentiles); and ‘Novel’. The ‘Novel’ methods identified were: Histogram/ Mode; Antecedent Precipitation Index (API); Ratio of Short Term and Long-Term Moving Averages; K-means Clustering; Diurnal Profile Smoothing; and Kernel Density Estimation. EP-based methods were not considered useful because they shift the uncertainty from rainfall and/or flow data to population and/or loading data. The other methods were tested using datasets for two STPs of similar size (ADWF approximately 1.2 to 1.3 ML/d) in northern New South Wales, one of which is more prone to wet weather inflow/ infiltration (I/I). On balance of simplicity and performance against more complex methods, we recommend the Histogram/ Mode and/or the Percentile methods for routine reporting. For larger and more complex assignments (e.g., design projects, planning studies), it is recommended that one or more of the alternative high-performing methods described in this paper (e.g., Ratio of moving averages; Kernel Density Estimation) be employed for ADWF checks. Relatively large datasets (at least one year of daily flow totals) should be used and the results compared against the estimates from simpler methods.
Environmental Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals by Exploring Chemical Fractions, Leachability, Bioavailability in Road Dusts from Steel-Industrial City (Anshan), Northeastern China
Authors: Zong Yutong , Xiao Qing , Malik Zaffar , Lu Shenggao
Published: May 2021

This study evaluated chemical fractions, potential leachability, and bio-accessibility of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in road dusts from the steel-industrial city (Anshan), Northeastern China. Chemical fractions of heavy metals were determined using Tessier sequential extraction method. The environmental risk assessment was evaluated using short-term extraction tests: TCLP, PBET, and CaCl2. Sequential extraction analysis reveals that Cr and Ni primarily existed in residual form. The non-residual fraction of heavy metals decreased in the order of Zn (average 57.78%)> Cu (39.16%)> Pb (30.73%)≈ Cd (30.67%)> Ni (19.06 %)> Cr (8.7%%). The results showed that Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb, which were extremely concentrated in potentially mobile fractions, had highly potential environmental risks. The mobility of Cd and Zn was usually higher than those of Cr, Cu, Pb and Ni, which means that Cd and Zn have higher hazardous to ecosystem. The order of bioavailability identified by PBET method was generally Zn>Cd>Pb>Ni>Cu>Cr. There was a significantly relationship between PBET, TCLP-test and bioavailable parts (F1+F2+F3+F4, SUM4) of sequential extraction, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that toxicity and bioavailability of heavy metals were not only depended on RDs properties, but also lied on the total heavy metals.
Classification Model for Heart Disease Prediction With Feature Selection Through Modified Bee Algorithm
Authors: Velswamy Karunakaran , Velswamy Rajasekar , Swamidason Iwin Thanakumar Joseph
Published: May 2021

Now-a-days a healthcare field produces a huge amount of data, for processing those data some efficient techniques are required. In this paper, a classification model is developed for heart disease prediction and the attribute selection is carried out through a modified bee algorithm. The prediction of heart disease through models will help the practitioners to make a precise decision about patient health. Heart disease dataset is obtained from the UCI repository. Dataset consists of 76 features and all those seventy-six features have not contributed equal information during the time classification. In the entire attributes, some of the attributes have contributed a large amount of information at the time of classification and some of the attributes have contributed only a small amount of information during the classification task. In this paper, a modified bee algorithm is used to identify the best subset of features from the entire features in the dataset i.e., in the training phase of classification only retain those features that are contributing more information during classification and it will reduce the training time of classifiers. The experiment is analyzed with a obtained reduced subset of features by using the following classifiers such as Support Vector Machine, Navie bayes, Decision tree and Random forest. The experimental result shows that the Support Vector Machine classifier will provide a good classification accuracy, true positive rate, true negative rate, false positive rate and false negative rate compared to Navie bayes and Random forest tree classifier.
Selenium Promotes Sunflower Resistance to Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum by Regulating Redox Homeostasis and Hormonal Signaling Pathways
Authors: Chen Zhiying , Sun Huiying , Hu Ting , Wang Zehao , Wu Wenliang , Liang Yue , Guo Yanbin
Published: May 2021

Sclerotinia wilt of sunflower caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating disease causing serious loss. Selenium (Se) has a benefit effect to plant in stress tolerance. In this study, sunflower leaves treated by foliar application of Se were inoculated with S. sclerotiorum. Pathogenesis on the inoculated leaves and transcript levels of plant genes involved in redox homeostasis and hormonal signaling pathways were examined. Se could be detected after the foliar application and was mainly transformed to selenomethionine in sunflower. Consequently, Se pretreatment delayed the necrosis development caused by S. sclerotiorum and alleviated the adverse effects derived from pathogen infection by differentially balancing the regulation of enzymes involved in the redox homeostasis. Specially, the cat expression increased to alleviate its downregulation responded to pathogen infection at the earlier infection stage (12 hour post inoculation, hpi) while the pod, gpx, apx, and nox expressions decreased to alleviate their responsive upregulation at the later infection stages (24 and 36 hpi). Se pretreatment enhanced the regulation of genes involved in hormonal signaling pathways, in which the AOC and PAL expressions increased to enhance its upregulation induced by pathogen infection for improving resistant responses at the earlier infection stage (12 hpi), as well as the AOC and PDF expressions increased at the later infection stages (24 hpi). Besides, the EIN2 expression increased to alleviate its downregulation at all of infection stages. Our results suggested that Se plays the beneficial effect on the resistant responses to S. sclerotiorum infection. This study provided a clue to improve the sustainable management of Sclerotinia wilt on sunflower by Se foliar application.