bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green nanotechnology for plant bacterial diseases management in cereal crops: a review on metal-based nanoparticles
Authors: SHAFQAT Usman , MAQSOOD Awais , ISHFAQ Aneeza , MUSTAFA Sadia , RASHEED Yumna , MAHMOOD Faisal , HASSAN Muhammad U. , AL-KHAYRI Jameel Mohammed , ALDAEJ Mohammed Ibrahim , SATTAR Muhammad Naeem , Abdel-Sabour REZK Adel , ALMAGHASLA Mustafa Ibrahim , SHEHATA Wael Fathi , SHALABY Tarek Abdelaziz
Published: September 2023

Cereals are an important source of nutrients for animals. Several diseases cause severe yield loss in cereal crops. Bacterial diseases result in varying yield losses across cereals: Wheat (5-40%), maize (15-98.9%), rice (20-70%), pearl millet (3-35%), and oats (15-49%). Diseases may be bacterial diseases, fungal or viral. Bacterial diseases are traditionally treated by pesticides. Chemically synthesized pesticides are toxic and hazardous to the environment. Nanotechnology is emerging and novel field for agriculture, especially in plant pathology as a strong antimicrobial agent. Nanoparticles have been synthesized in various ways i.e., biological, physical, and chemical methods. Chemical and physical methods of nanoparticles are costly and toxic to the environment. The biological method for the synthesis of nanoparticles is eco-friendly and economical. Microorganisms or plant extracts are used for metal nanoparticle synthesis. The application of nanoparticles in agriculture has a wide scope and it can bring nano-revolution. This review summarizes the antibacterial activity of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles and their role in bacterial disease management of cereals.
Genetic diversity and population structure of tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) variants from Antalya province, Turkey
Authors: GÜLLER Abdullah , USTA Mustafa , RANDA-ZELYÜT Filiz
Published: September 2023

In this study, bioinformatic analyses were carried out according to the fully coded CP and MP gene regions of the agent, using six novel tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) variants obtained from the production greenhouses in Antalya, where the infection was first detected in Turkey and global variants. Molecular evolutionary analyses using both CP and MP gene regions showed that all variants were distributed in three major clades. Population dynamics studies for both gene regions have shown that there was very low nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity. The low haplotype diversity for the CP and MP genes indicated almost no recombination status. A strong negative selection was determined for CP and MP gene regions, dN/dS= 0.0877 and dN/dS=0.2104, respectively. Neutrality test results revealed that ToBRFV populations are in an expansion phase. Pairwise comparisons were performed between populations separated in the geographic hierarchy as American, European, and Asian variants, and the findings showed intense gene flow and high genetic similarity (FST<0,33 and migration rate >1). The results of this study reveal the recent population structure of the virus and suggest that necessary precautions should be taken in the international seed trade against contaminated seeds.
Finans Alanında Makine ve Derin Öğrenmenin Kullanılması: Lisansüstü Tezlerde Sistematik Literatür Taraması
Authors: CEYHAN İsmail Fatih
Published: September 2023

İnsanoğlu makinelerin insanlar gibi düşünebildiği ve hareket edebildiği bir çağın başlangıcında bulunuyor. Bu durum her ne kadar ürkütücü görünse de, akademide ilgi gören ve üzerinde artan miktarda çalışmalar gerçekleşmeye başlanan bir konudur. Makine öğrenmesi ve derin öğrenmeyle oluşturulan yapay zeka pek çok alanda olduğu gibi, finans alanında da çokça kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmalar içerisinde yurt içinde ve yurt dışında yayınlanan makale, kitap, kitap bölümleri, sempozyum bildirileri olduğu gibi, gerçekleştirilen yüksek lisans ve doktora tezleri de yer almaktadır. Bu tür çalışmalarda gelinen son durumu tespit etmek ve literatürdeki boşlukları ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla sistematik literatür taramaları yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen ve uygulama bölümlerinde finans alanında makine öğrenmesi ve derin öğrenme tekniklerinin kullanıldığı lisansüstü tezler sistematik literatür taraması ile incelenmektedir. Araştırma, 2018-2023 yılları arasındaki dönemde yapılan çalışmaları kapsamaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, konuyla ilgili yapılan tezlerde makine ve derin öğrenme yöntemlerinin en çok finansal enstrümanların gelecekteki fiyatlarının tahminlemesinde, ardından sırasıyla finansal risklerin tespit edilmesinde, kurumsal finansal başarısızlık ve iflas tahmininde ve ayrıca portföy optimizasyon modellerinde kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. İlgili dönem boyunca, yapılan tez çalışmalarının sayılarında artan bir grafik bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmalarda genellikle birden fazla algoritmanın uygulamadaki başarıları karşılaştırılarak en başarılı sonuçlar belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. En çok çalışılan tez konusunun makine öğrenmesiyle kredi riskinin analizi olduğu, ardından makine öğrenmesiyle hisse senedi fiyat tahmininin geldiği ortaya çıkmıştır. En çok kullanılan algoritmaların karar ormanı, karar ağacı ve uzun-kısa dönem hafıza algoritmaları olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Lisansüstü tez konusu olarak sosyal bilimlerden daha çok, fen bilimleri temel alanında tercih edildiği ve yazılan tezlerin en çok bilgisayar mühendisliği ana bilim dalında hazırlandığı, ardından işletme ana bilim dalında hazırlanan tezlerin geldiği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Pan-Cancer Analysis of the LOX Family Reveals that LOX Affects Tumor Prognosis by Affecting Immune Infiltration
Authors: Zheng Chunlong , Chu Yan , Zhang Nian , Jia Ting , Li Yuanyuan , Jiang Tao , Sun Jianyong
Published: September 2023

The lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene family encodes for a group of copper-dependent enzymes that play a crucial role in the cross-linking of collagen and elastin fibers in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Dysregulation of LOX gene expression has been implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer. Several studies have shown that the LOX gene family is involved in cancer progression and metastasis. The goal of this article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the LOX family's role in pan-cancer multiplexes. We utilized pan-cancer multi-omics sequencing data from TCGA to investigate the relationship between LOX family genes and tumors at four different levels: mutation, copy number variation, methylation, and gene expression. In addition, we also examined the relationship between LOX family genes and tumors at the cell line level using tumor cell line sequencing data from CCLE. Taking into account the impact of LOX family genes on lung cancer, we developed a LOX family lung cancer prognostic model to forecast the disease's prognosis. Our findings revealed that LOXL2 had the highest mutation frequency in tumors, while all four LOX family genes experienced some degree of copy number variation in diverse tumors. We observed that LOX, LOXL1 to LOXL3 were predominantly highly expressed in tumors including LUAD. The expression trends of LOX and LOXL1 to LOXL3 were consistent across tumor cell lines, but differed somewhat from LOXL4. Utilizing 25 LOX family-related genes, we constructed a LOX family prognostic model that performed well in predicting the prognosis of lung cancer. Through pan-cancer analysis, we gain further knowledge of the role of LOX family genes in different tumors, offering a novel pathway for future research into the relationship between LOX family genes and tumors.
Malestar psicológico y síntomas psicopatológicos en pacientes recuperados de COVID-19
Authors: Freschi Diego , Del-Valle Macarena
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el malestar psicológico y los síntomas psicopatológicos en pacientes recuperados de COVID-19. Se trabajó con metodología mixta, cuali-cuantitativa.
Método: Participaron del estudio 131 adultos de entre 21 y 76 años (68,7 % habían padecido COVID-19), quienes completaron un cuestionario personal y el Inventario de Síntomas de Derogatis Revisado [SCL 90-R]. Adicionalmente se efectuaron 10 entrevistas semi-estructuradas en pacientes recuperados de COVID-19 que debieron hospitalizarse a causa de la enfermedad.
Resultados: Los resultados indicaron que los participantes recuperados de COVID-19 reportaban mayores niveles de malestar y síntomas psicopatológicos luego de su recuperación, en comparación con los participantes que no contrajeron la enfermedad. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) para casi todos los indicadores, a excepción de Sensibilidad interpersonal e Ideación paranoide (p = 0,06). Además, los pacientes que fueron hospitalizados, pero no fueron intervenidos con respiración asistida, presentaron indicadores más altos para Somatizaciones y para Obsesiones y compulsiones en comparación al grupo que fue internado con respirador (p < 0,05). Complementariamente, el análisis cualitativo sugiere que los participantes hospitalizados experimentaron malestar y distintas consecuencias por la internación y la enfermedad.
Conclusiones: Los resultados están en línea con lo reportado en la literatura y sugieren la importancia de la contención psicológica como complementaria a la recuperación física.
Savaşların Değişimi Meselesi Çerçevesinde Alman Birliği ve I. Dünya Savaşları
Authors: ÇONA Ömer
Published: September 2023

Uluslararası İlişkilerde ve teknolojide meydana gelen değişim, savaş kavramının niteliğinde kapsamlı değişiklikler meydana getirmiştir. Bunda tarihteki önemli kırılma noktaları, bilimsel gelişmelere bağlı olarak yeni tekniklerin keşfi ve sistemik düzeydeki dönüşümler etkili olmuş, böylelikle savaşın biçimi, stratejisi ve araçları dönüşüme uğramıştır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 19.yy’ın ikinci yarısında Avrupa’da yükselişe geçen Prusya’nın, Alman Birliği’ni kurma yolunda yaptığı savaşlar ve 20.yy’ın başında tüm dünyayı etkileyen I. Dünya Savaşı’nı, Sanayi Devrimi’nin yarattığı teknolojik dönüşüm çerçevesinde inceleyerek, bu dönüşümün harbin tabiatı üzerinde nasıl bir değişim meydana getirdiğini analiz etmektir. Bu maksatla çalışmada Prusya’nın, Danimarka, Avusturya ve Fransa ile 1861-1870 yılları arasında Alman Birliği’nin kurulması adına yaptığı savaşlar ile I. Dünya Savaşı’nın, savaşların doğasının değişimine olan etkileri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.

Çalışmada Prusya’nın Alman Birliği’ne giden yolda yaptığı savaşlar ve müteakip süreçte I. Dünya Savaşı’nın Sanayi Devrimi’nin bir çıktısı olduğu, bu bağlamda da endüstriyel harbin örneklerini yansıttığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Bununla birlikte çalışmada, Alman Birliği Savaşları’nın, taktik ve stratejik açıdan I. Dünya Savaşı’nı etkilediği; I. Dünya Savaşı’nda edinilen tecrübelerin ve çıkarılan derslerin ise II. Dünya Savaşı’nın karakteristiğini belirlediği değerlendirilmesinde bulunulmuştur.
La coopetencia interempresarial. Descripción teórica y aplicación a sectores tecnológicos
Authors: Blázquez Jiménez Carmen , Sanchis Joan Ramon
Published: September 2023

La coopetición es una relación dual entre empresas a través de la cual estas compiten y cooperan de forma simultánea. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar sus fundamentos teóricos y demostrar sus principales beneficios, en especial en los sectores tecnológicos. La metodología utilizada ha sido doble: un análisis bibliométrico, realizado mediante la Web of Science, y del cual se ha deducido su evolución, autores y teorías y tipología; y un análisis de casos, en los sectores de la automoción y de la telefonía, utilizando como fuentes de información diferentes revistas y artículos, y del cual se ha deducido sus principales beneficios y costes. Los resultados del trabajo muestran los principales beneficios que se pueden conseguir gracias a las sinergias que se consiguen con la coopetición. Con el estudio en profundidad de diferentes empresas de automoción y en concreto el caso de Samsung-Apple del sector de la telefonía, se concluye que la coopetición es un reto, pero a la vez es una elección muy útil para afrontar todos los avances tecnológicos en un mercado en constante evolución, donde ambas empresas consiguen beneficios mutuos y proporcionalmente mayores. Se hace necesario la realización de estudios empíricos, tanto cualitativos como cuantitativos, que demuestren la utilidad de la coopetición como estrategia de innovación en sectores altamente tecnológicos y como una fuente de ventajas competitivas para las empresas.
O bairro onde moro: tecendo conhecimentos geográficos pela construção de mapas afetivos
Authors: Costa Pereira Correia Silvia Letícia , Coelho Lastória Andrea
Published: September 2023

Este artigo discute a produção de conhecimentos geográficos por jovens moradores de periferias urbanas, a partir da construção de mapas afetivos. O texto, tributário de um estudo de pós-doutoramento, contou com a participação de quinze jovens selecionados a partir da técnica 'bola de neve'. Para a coleta dos dados da pesquisa recorremos à metodologia proposta por Bomfim (2010), denominada mapas afetivos, que utiliza desenhos, sentimentos e qualidades além de outros elementos discursivos. Destes emergiram categorias a exemplo do pertencimento, atração, insegurança e destruição e que originaram metáforas reveladoras da relação de afetividade sujeito-lugar. As metáforas do bairro-história, bairro-acolhimento, bairro-festa, bairro-desarrumação e bairro-comércio sugerem uma articulação com conhecimentos geográficos potencialmente produzidos na relação no/com/o bairro. A discussão evidencia que para entender o bairro onde moro e a tessitura dos conhecimentos geográficos pela construção de mapas afetivos, há que se investir no enredamento, há que se apostar num ensino de Geografia como expressão da vida cotidiana extrapolando a objetividade e as subjetividades dos sujeitos corporificados, assinalados no corpo/mente/sentimento dos atores sociais com o espaço que edificam. Os conhecimentos geográficos potencialmente emergidos destas metáforas traduzem-se em sentidos, produções e significações dos sujeitos e evidenciam tessituras múltiplas de conhecimentos enredados no lugar convergindo para a construção de aprendizagens.
Arqueología, participación ciudadana y educación patrimonial: encuentros y desencuentros
Authors: Jiménez-Esquinas Guadalupe , Castro -Fernández Belén
Published: September 2023

Se presenta una reflexión crítica sobre las relaciones entre arqueología comunitaria y educación patrimonial desde una dimensión controversial. Se toma como objeto de estudio el proyecto “Costa dos Castros” (Oia, Pontevedra), por ser una iniciativa comunitaria con fuerte propósito de transformación social. La riqueza arqueológica de este municipio, doce poblados castreños ubicados en unos ocho kilómetros de costa y decenas de petroglifos lo convierten en un caso singular, cuya conservación comporta la participación de distintos agentes sociales con intereses y puntos de vista no coincidentes. Desde la interacción disciplinar entre la Antropología Social y la Didáctica de las Ciencias Sociales se busca analizar algunas limitaciones con las que este proyecto se encuentra, reivindicar el papel de las personas en la construcción y conservación de su identidad cultural, y fomentar la implicación social hacia el entorno. Para ello, se analizan tanto los modelos de relación arqueología-sociedad en línea con los de educación patrimonial, para asentar conceptos e introducir debates, como el conflicto patrimonial implícito en el proyecto “Costa dos Castros”. El estudio muestra que un modelo de relación arqueología-sociedad que da protagonismo a la comunidad es clave para el desarrollo de una concepción simbólica-identitaria del patrimonio, el cuestionamiento de la relación y el compromiso con los lugares ordinarios, así como la resignificación del entorno mediante un aprendizaje experiencial y contextualizado.
Sanger Tree of Life Sample Homogenisation: PowerMash v1
Authors: Denton Amy
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the homogenisation of tissue samples for DNA and/or RNA extraction intended for long read sequencing or RNA-Seq, using the Diagnocine PowerMasher II tissue disruptor. This process is highly effective for the disruption of tissue samples weighing less than 25 mg from all taxonomic groups covered by the Tree of Life Programme except for plants, fungi, protists, sponges and corals. Larger samples are not processed through this method due to difficulties in achieving homogenisation. Crustaceans and molluscs are particularly challenging samples. The output of this protocol is a sample that can be directed toward any of the Sanger Tree of Life DNA and RNA extraction protocols.
Sanger Tree of Life RNA Extraction: Automated MagMax™ mirVana v1
Authors: Juliana Vionette do Amaral Raquel
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the automated extraction of RNA from multiple different tissue samples intended for RNA-Seq using the MagMax™ mirVana total RNA isolation kit and the Thermo Fisher KingFisher™ Apex. This process is highly effective for the majority of taxonomic groups covered by the Tree of Life Programme, however, challenging samples include corals, jellyfish and annelids. The output of this protocol is a highly concentrated RNA extract which can be diluted and submitted for RNA-Seq on Illumina NovaSeq.
Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Fragmentation: Diagenode Megaruptor®3 for LI PacBio v1
Authors: AB Bates Adam
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the fragmentation of HMW DNA from one of the MagAttract v.2, Plant MagAttract v.3, or Plant MagAttract v.4 Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA extraction protocols, using the Diagenode Megaruptor®3. This process is highly effective for the clean-up and shorter fragment removal from DNA extracts from all of the taxonomic groups covered by the Tree of Life Programme, with DNA sheared into an average fragment size range of 12–20 kb. However, highly concentrated or viscous samples are challenging. The output of this protocol is sheared DNA which can be directed towards Fragmented DNA clean up, with either the Manual or Automated SPRI protocols. This protocol was adapted from Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Fragmentation: Diagenode Megaruptor®3 for PacBio HiFi in order to process samples resulting from the Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Extraction: Automated MagAttract v.2, Automated Plant MagAttract v.3 and Automated Plant MagAttract v.4 protocols. Acronyms HMW: high molecular weight SPRI: solid-phase reversible immobilisation LI: low-input HiFi: high fidelity
Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Fragmentation: Diagenode Megaruptor®3 for PacBio HiFi v1
Authors: Todorovic Maja
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the fragmentation of HMW DNA from either the MagAttract v.1, Plant MagAttract v.1, or Plant MagAttract v.2 Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA extraction protocols, using the Diagenode Megaruptor®3. This process is highly effective for DNA extracts from all of the taxonomic groups covered by the Tree of Life Programme, with DNA sheared into an average fragment size range of 12–20 kb. However, challenging samples include those that are highly concentrated or highly viscous, as well as samples which contain contaminants or impurities following DNA extraction. The output of this protocol is sheared DNA which can be directed towards fragmented DNA clean up, with either the Manual or Automated SPRI protocols. This protocol has since been updated to Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Fragmentation: Diagenode Megaruptor® 3 for LI PacBio in order to process samples resulting from the Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Extraction: Automated MagAttract v.2, Automated Plant MagAttract v.3 and Automated Plant MagAttract v.4 protocols. Acronyms and abbreviations HMW: high molecular weight SPRI: solid-phase reversible immobilisation HiFi: high fidelity LI: low input
Sanger Tree of Life Sample Homogenisation: Covaris cryoPREP®Automated Dry Pulverizer v1
Authors: Pablo Narváez-Gómez Juan
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the procedure for cryogenic homogenisation of tissue samples using the Covaris cryoPREP® Automated Dry Pulverizer CP02. The protocol is designed for DNA and/or RNA extraction aimed at long-read sequencing or RNA-Seq applications. The method is particularly effective for disrupting tissues with a mass exceeding 25 mg across all taxonomic groups studied in the Tree of Life Programme. However, it is not advisable for samples smaller than this, due to inherent tissue loss during processing. Additionally, the technique has limitations when applied to fibrous plant tissues and samples rich in polysaccharides (e.g., macroalgae and molluscs), where it may result in either insufficient disruption or excessive tissue loss. The resultant sample is compatible with any Sanger Tree of Life DNA and RNA extraction protocols as well as Hi-C library preparation.
Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Extraction: Automated MagAttract v.2 v1
Authors: oatley graeme
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the automated extraction and SPRI of HMW DNA from multiple different tissue samples from a variety of species intended for long-read sequencing using the Qiagen MagAttract HMW DNA extraction kit and the Thermo Fisher KingFisher™ Apex. This process is effective for a wide variety of taxonomic groups covered by the Tree of Life Programme, excluding plants and fungi. The output of this protocol is HMW DNA, which depending upon yield and genome size of the species, can be directed towards either HMW DNA Pooling, HMW DNA Fragmentation: Diagenode Megaruptor®3 for LI PacBio or HMW DNA Fragmentation: g-Tube for ULI PacBio. This protocol was adapted from Sanger Tree of Life HMW DNA Extraction: Automated MagAttract v.1 to include a pre-shear SPRI of the HMW DNA extracted. Acronyms HMW: high molecular weight SPRI: solid-phase reversible immobilisation LI: low input ULI: ultra-low input
Sanger Tree of Life Sample Preparation: Triage and Dissection v1
Authors: Jay Jessie
Published: September 2023

This protocol describes the process of sample preparation for the extraction of DNA and/or RNA from the wide variety of samples processed by the Tree of Life Core Laboratory as part of the Tree of Life Programme. It also describes the triage steps and recommended weight requirements for the different taxonomic groups covered by the Tree of Life programme. The output of this protocol is a sufficient amount of sample that can be directed towards any of the Sanger Tree of Life Sample Homogenisation protocols.
Unravelling the neurochemical maze: neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and novel drug modes of action based on epilepsy pathophysiology
Authors: Dhall M. , Kadian R. , Sharma P. , Hooda A. , Kumar P. , Mudgal P. , Singh K. , Arya A. , Rani N.
Published: September 2023

The brain is extremely complicated three dimensional structures made up of interconnected neurons and neuroglia cells. It entails all type of functions of our body whether we are healthy or in disease conditions. Brain is accountable for our connectivity with the surroundings; all this is performed by an organized and systemic electrical activity of neurons by which they communicate messages to and from the brain. The abnormal electrical activity leading to the intense outburst of impulses, results in the development of epilepsy. Epilepsy is typified by recurrent, unprovoked seizures as a result excessive, hypersynchronous discharge of neurons occurs in the brain. Nearly 1% of the population throughout the worldwide is suffering from epilepsy and almost 75% begins at childhood. The patients almost one third are resistant to current available antiepileptic drugs. We don’t have the deep knowledge of the pathophysiology of the disease which can prove useful in further research for drugs with new mechanisms of action for diseases. This paper covers the role various neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Our objective is to introduce the scientists with that aspect of the disease which may prove useful for further development of new drugs of epilepsy to overcome the resistance shown by the patientsorithm.
Variable clinic-EEG trajectories in male patients with PCDH19 clustering epilepsy
Authors: Dmitrenko D. V. , Sharkov A. А. , Domoratskaya E. А. , Usoltseva A. А. , Volkov I. V. , Pyankov D. V.
Published: September 2023

Background. The association between the protocadherin-19 (PCDH19) gene and epilepsy suggests that the X-linked inherited form of its pathogenic variant affects only women. Recent data has described males with somatic mosaicism, whose clinical picture is similar to the common manifestations in females.

Objective: to report on three new cases of PCDH19 clustering epilepsy in male patients.

Material and methods. Clinical data were collected from different centers through personal communication between authors, which means that the structured cohort was not tested. For all patients a next generation sequencing-based custom epilepsy gene panel and whole-exome sequencing by NextSeq 500 (Illumina Inc., USA) were performed.

Results. All patients had a previously described mosaic variants in PCDH19 gene (NM_001184880.1). According to the electroencefalographic data, all patients had a diffuse slowdown of the background rhythm, interictal regional/multiregional epileptiform activity and ictal focal pattern in the frontotemporal regions. Brain magnetic resonance imaging at the age of 3 years showed delayed myelination without focal abnormalities in 2 patients.

Conclusion. Early recognition of the above features should improve early diagnosis and long-term management of patients with epilepsy and PCDH19 mutations.
Estimation of the Density and Cumulative Distribution Functions of the Topp-Leone Distribution
Authors: Benkhelıfa Lazhar
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we estimate the probability density function and the cumulative distribution function of the Topp-Leone distribution. We use the maximum likelihood estimation, uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimation, least squares estimation, weighted least squares estimation, Cramér-von Mises estimation, Anderson-Darling estimation and method of percentile estimation. The consistency of these methods is illustrated in a simulation study. Finally, a real data set is given to assess the performance of proposed methods.
A New Nickel(II) Complex Derived From Bisthiocarbohydrazone: Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Kaya Yeliz
Published: September 2023

A new complex with composition [Ni(L)(PPh3)] (PPh3 = triphenylphosphine) was obtained from the reaction of 1,5-bis(salicylidene)thiocarbohydrazone (L) with an equimolar amount of [NiCl2(PPh3)2]. The complex was identified by FT-IR, 1H NMR and UV-Vis spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. The solid state structure of [Ni(L)(PPh3)] was established by X-ray diffraction analysis. It was determined that the complex, whose nickel center has a distorted square planar configuration, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group I2/c. Bisthiocarbohydrazone (L) binds to the nickel center through its phenolate O, azomethine N and thioenolate S atoms in a dianionic tridentate mode. The antioxidant capacity of L and Ni(II) complex was examined using the CUPRAC (cupric reducing antioxidant capacity) method. Also, the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method was used to test free radical scavenging activity of the compounds. Antioxidant activity results showed that L exhibited better activity than Ni(II) complex.
An Analytical Approach to Contaminant Transport with Spatially and Temporally Dependent Dispersion in a Heterogeneous Porous Medium
Authors: Kushwaha Sujata , Yadav Raja Ram , Kumar Lav Kush , Roy Joy
Published: September 2023

This study presents an analytical solution to the one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation (ADE) for a semi-infinite heterogeneous aquifer system with space and time-dependent groundwater velocity and dispersion coefficient. The dispersion coefficient is assumed to be proportional to the groundwater flow velocity. In addition, retardation factor, first-order decay and zero-order production terms are also considered. Contaminants and porous media are assumed to be chemically inert. Initially, it is assumed that some uniformly distributed solutes are already present in the aquifer domain. The input point source is considered uniformly continuous and increasing nature in a semi-infinite porous medium. The solutions are obtained analytically using the Laplace Integral Transform Technique (LITT). The nature of the concentration profile of the resulting solution for different parameters in different time domains is illustrated graphically.
Exploration of Seasonal Metal Pollution in Karacaören II Dam Lake Sediment Samples using X-ray Fluorescence Method
Authors: Apaydın Gökhan , Köksal Oğuz Kağan , Cengiz Erhan , Şirin Murat , Baltas Hasan , Tıraşoğlu Engin
Published: September 2023

In this study, the seasonal metal pollution of sediment samples taken from twelve distinct notes of the Karacaören II Dam Lake was examined. The quantity of metal in soil samples was determined using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. The geoaccumulation index and enrichment factor expressions were created using the metal concentrations found in the sediments. Seasonal values at the local, state, and international levels were compared to the findings. The ratios of the elements copper, zinc, lead, arsenic, nickel, chromium, and mercury, measured in parts per million (ppm), were found to be 42-96, 53-78, 11-14, 4-7, 233-244, and 611-711, respectively. There is also discussion of the sediments' elemental composition and degree of pollution. In contrast, it was found that the Urbach energy increased from 0.246 eV to 0.630 eV with increasing levels of V2O5. These synthetic glasses' densities and molar volumes were also investigated and discussed.
Determination of Caffeine in Human Plasma by Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Yerlikaya Fırat , Sağlam Onursal
Published: September 2023

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to determine caffeine (CAF) in human plasma. The plasma samples were extracted by protein precipitation using CAF-D3 as an internal standard (IS). The chromatographic separation was performed on GL Sciences InertSustain C18 Column (4.6 x 50 mm, 5 µm) maintained at 40 °C with a mobile phase consisting of formic acid, water, and methanol at a 1 mL/min of flow rate using two separate lines. CAF was detected and identified by mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive ions and multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The MRM transitions of m/z 195.10 > 138.00 for CAF and 198.10 > 141.10 for IS were used for quantification. The standard curve was linear in the range of 10 - 10000 ng/mL for CAF. The within-batch precision and accuracy were evaluated by analyzing QC samples at five different concentration levels with six replicates in a batch. The between-batch precision and accuracy were determined by analyzing three different batches. The within-batch accuracy and precision was -8.76% - 9.61% and 0.95% - 7.22%, respectively. The between-batch accuracy and precision was -7.47% -1.42% and 1.83% - 8.66%, respectively. The results of the intra- and inter-day precision and accuracy studies were within the limits. The validated method applied to a pharmacokinetic study and the test product containing 60 mg CAF administered to total of 12 subjects. The mean ± SD of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was found to be 147.94 ± 139.39 ng/mL and the mean ± SD of area under the plasma concentration-time curve from zero to last measurable concentration (AUC0-tlast) was found to be 1119.59 ± 1468.30 h.ng/mL for the fasting conditions. The median time to reach peak plasma concentration (Tmax) was found to be 12.00 (6.50 - 12.00). The developed and validated method can be used for bioavailability and bioequivalence studies in human plasma samples.
Topical repellents for malaria prevention
Authors: - -
Published: September 2023

This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Gabaldn Figueira JC, Wagah MG, Adipo LB, Wanjiku C, Maia MF. Topical repellents for malaria prevention. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2023. Issue 8. Art. No.: CD015422. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD015422.pub2.
Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections
Authors: - -
Published: September 2023

This publication is the Russian translation of the Plain Language Summary (PLS) of the Cochrane Systematic Review: Williams G, Hahn D, Stephens JH, Craig JC, Hodson EM. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2023. Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001321. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001321.pub6.
A New Posthole Seismometer at Concordia Permanent Research Facility in the Heart of the Icy East Antarctic Plateau
Authors: Bès de Berc Maxime , Zigone Dimitri , Danecek Peter , Steyer Alain , Zanolin Francesco , Maggi Alessia , Thoré Jean-Yves , Bernard Armelle , Blumentritt Hervé , Lambotte Sophie , Lévêque Jean-Jacques , Rivera Luis , Alemany Olivier , Possenti Philippe , Vallée Martin , Stutzmann Eléonore , Cavaliere Adriano , Cotte Nathalie , Marino Stefano , Gombert Baptiste , Marie-Sainte Wenceslas , Leroy Nicolas , Pardo Constanza , Pesqueira Frédérick , Broucke Céleste
Published: September 2023

In the Southern Hemisphere, the prevalence of oceans and the difficulty of access to land result in reduced coverage of seismological stations, limiting our detailed knowledge of Earth’s structures and of large earthquakes sources. This situation is exacerbated inside the antarctic continent, where only two permanent seismic stations are currently available (IU.QSPA at South Pole and G.CCD). The CCD station, built in early 2000s with state-of-the-art surface instrumentation and located at the French–Italian Concordia base (75° S, 123° E), has been providing seismological data since 2008. However, it suffers from several problems: the vault is deformed by the hydrostatic pressure of the snow, the firn waveguide traps anthropogenic noise from the base causing strong noise below 1 s, and a coupling defect limits the performance above 30 s on the horizontal channels. To ensure the continuity of CCD and to improve its overall performance, we started in 2014 to plan the installation of a borehole seismometer at the site. In this article, we describe in detail this renovation of CCD and some examples of data analysis. The new borehole sensor shows that short-period disturbances are largely attenuated (−20 dB at 0.1 s) compared to the surface installation and that the horizontal channels have a lower noise level at long periods (−8 dB at 100 s). Data for all components are below the standard noise model between 0.1 and 0.2 s, which makes this sensor one of the quietest installations in the world for this bandwidth. For periods >600 s we observe atmospheric pressure-related perturbations on the vertical component. Despite this problem, the new CCD borehole station is a success with better-than-expected performances at all periods <600 s. The data produced are now distributed in the world’s data centers as G.CCD.20 and we encourage the scientific community to use the data for all studies requiring seismograms from Antarctica.
Self-Assembly Mechanism and Analysis of Smectic Mesophase Induction in Binary Systems of 4-(4-Alkoxyphenylazo)benzonitriles and Dodecyloxybenzoic Acid
Authors: Smirnova Аntonina I. , Giricheva Nina I. , Lapykina Elena A. , Usol'tseva Nadezhda V.
Published: September 2023

Using a combination of experimental methods (polarizing optical microscopy, IR spectroscopy), the two-component systems consisting of 4-dodecyloxybenzoic acid (BA) and 4-(4-alkoxyphenylazo)benzonitriles (BN-n, n = 8, 10, 12) have been studied. The mesophase existence ranges of the systems depending on the length of alkyl substituents of the component BN-n were established. The possibility of formation as well as stability of heterodimeric complexes with a hydrogen bond –COOH···NC – were analyzed by DFT/B97D/6-311++G** method. In all obtained equimolar BN-n:BA (1:1) systems SmA phase was induced, which manifests itself enantiotropically in wide temperature ranges. With the help of computer simulation, it was shown that, unlike homodimers, the expected BN···BA H-complex has an angular structure, which cannot ensure the formation of the SmA phase. To elucidate the mechanism of mesophase formation in BN-n:BA systems, we calculated the energies of intermolecular interaction in homo- and heterodimers, and analyzed the experimental IR spectra of equimolar BN-n:BA systems. The spectra represent a superposition of the spectra of associates BN···BN and cyclic dimers of acid BA···BA. Therefore, we suggest that the BN···BA type H-complexes cannot form in equimolar BN-n:BA mixtures. Instead, a structure consisting of alternating layers of BA···BA dimers and BN···BN associates is formed. The layers of the acid dimer play the main role in the formation of SmA phase. It is noted that –COOH group, in contrast to such proton-donor groups as –NH2, –NH–, –OH, does not form hydrogen bonds with the proton-acceptor –CN group.
Cataract referral pattern among Indian optometrists: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Goswami Sarbojeet , Chakraborty Shreya , Mishra Khushbu , Chaurasiya Ritesh Kumar , Saifi Gulafsha
Published: September 2023

According to WHO (World Health Organization), cataract is the second leading cause for visual impairment or blindness globally. In the Indian context, Optometrist’s role in identification and appropriate referral of cataracts requiring surgery is of utmost important. The aim of the current study was to investigate the knowledge and cataract referral pattern among Indian optometrists.

A cross-sectional study was carried out on 262 optometrists by distribution of a validated, well-structured questionnaire with data on participant demographics and optometric assessment practises, including participant age group and gender, primary clinical practise location, objective patient visual assessment methods, referral criteria for cataract surgery, and factors to be taken into account when deciding where and when to refer patients for cataract surgery was made. The analysis of survey questions with Likert scales was done using ordinal logistic regression. Categorical variables between groups were evaluated using Chi-square test. Statistical Significance was considered if P was less than 0.05.

Visual acuity less than 6/18 and glare sensitivity were common benchmarks for cataract referral. A significant proportion of optometrists indicated driving dependent (55%), current employment (33%), high visual demand (31%) and post-operative vision less than 6/18 in other eye (34%) as important factors for urgent referral for cataract surgery to Ophthalmologists. Majority of the participants indicated surgical costs (53.8%), surgeon skills (56.9%) and caring environment/caring staff (49.2%) as extremely important factors in deciding where to refer for cataract surgery.

While optometrists were able to refer patients for cataract surgery based on changes in visual acuity, Indian optometrists should also assess contrast sensitivity and take that into consideration when making this decision.
Anatomical and visual outcomes after vitreoretinal surgery in paediatric retinal detachment
Authors: Meena Chanchal , Nainiwal Sanjeev K , Harsolia Ram Swaroop
Published: September 2023

Paediatric vitreoretinal surgery (PVRS) has unique set of challenges compared to surgery in adult eyes. An understanding of ocular growth and development is an important consideration in PVRS. Changes in ciliary body dimensions with age may affect how sclerotomies are placed, so as to avoid iatrogenic damage to the peripheral retina.

To study the visual and anatomical outcomes after vitreoretinal surgery in paediatric age group after retinal detachment.

In this prospective interventional study, 20 consecutive patients aged 18 years or younger undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for retinal detachment were included. A detailed ocular and systemic history was recorded from all patients. Pre and postoperative data were collected. All the evaluated eyes were followed up to 3 months. Outcome of surgery was measured in terms of improvement in visual acuity and retinal status.

Twenty eyes of 20 patients were evaluated with male predominance (75%) and mean age of the patient was 16.4±2.01. Most common etiology was found to be trauma (65%) followed by myopia (30%). Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) was done in 50% patients, lensectomy with vitrectomy was done in 15%, scleral buckle (SB) surgery was done in 25% cases, where as PPV-SB was done in 10% cases. Improvement in visual acuity was noted in 85% cases. Primary anatomical success was achieved in 80% cases.

PPV was the major surgical procedure in our study due to complexity of RD. Postoperative visual rehabilitation was also done to fight amblyopia as far as possible.
In bag IOL implantation with Cionni ring: A case report
Authors: Ul Kadir Syeed Mehbub , Akther Rehana , Shahid Md Abdul Muntakim , Salam Mohammad Abdus , Abdullah Muhit
Published: September 2023

The supertemporal subluxation of the lens due to zonular weakness is one of the hallmarks of ocular signs with Marfan's syndrome. Cionni capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation can help to overcome this issue and correct the capsular bag decentration. We describe the visual outcome, intra and post-surgical findings of phacoemulsification with Cionni capsular tension ring and PCIOL implantation in a case of an 18-year-old-boy presented with the features of a typical Marfan’s syndrome.
Artificial intelligence in dentistry: A boon or bane?
Authors: Priyadarshi Surbhi , Jaggi Palak , Gautam Jahnvi , Agarwal Nisha , Srivastava Rangoli
Published: September 2023

This article provides an overview of the application of the intelligent technology in healthcare especially in the various specialities of dentistry and how much it has enhanced the quality of care being provided. Artificial intelligence is widely gaining popularity in various other sectors and is thought to be useful in the healthcare industry for diagnostic purposes and eventually with time programming, the technology to help healthcare personnels to carry out less invasive procedures.
Comparative evaluation of nickel titanium rotary instruments on canal transportation and centering ability in curved canals by using cone beam computed tomography: An in vitro study
Authors: Krishnaveni Krishnaveni , Kalla Nikitha , Reddy Nagalakshmi , Udayar Sharvanan
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to compare canal transportation and centering ability of different nickle titanium systems using Cone beam computed tomography in curved canals.

Ninety mandibular molars with angle of curvature ranging from 10°– 40° were randomly allocated into six experimental groups containing 15 teeth in each group. Preinstrumentation scans were taken with CBCT with constant exposure parameters before and after instrumentation. Six grouped specimens were instrumented with Wave One, Twisted File, Hyflex CM, K3XF, ProTaper Next, NeoNiTi file respectively. Post instrumentation the specimens were scanned by CBCT to obtain postoperative images. The amount of root canal transportation and centering ability of the instrument were determined. Statistical analysis on collected data was performed using One way analysis of ANOVA, and post-hoc Tukey test (p<0.0.5).

K3XF group showed significantly higher transportation values in the apical third (2mm) than TF group (p=0.01) and Hyflex CM group (p=0.03). The coronal transportation values are higher than the apical values but with no significant difference between them (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in centering ratio values between the six groups (p>0.05) at any of the level.

: All the file systems can be safely used, showing satisfactory preservation to the original canal shape with preference of TF files.
Oral health status of adults aged 18 years and above residing in Ghaziabad district – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Doliya Kanchan , Gupta Kalash , Sharma Dipanshi , Mehrotra Kartiki , Gupta Ritu , Gupta Bhuvan Deep
Published: September 2023

Dental caries and periodontal disease are the most common oral diseases. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the oral health status of adults aged 18 years and above visiting the various outreach camps in the Ghaziabad District.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 336 participants of Ghaziabad District. Dental caries in form of DMFT and periodontal status was recorded based World Health Organization (WHO) criteria-2013. The Statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

In total, 336 respondents completed the survey among which 216 (64.3%) were males and 120 (35.7%) were females. Majority of the study subjects belonged to low socioeconomic background. The prevalence of dental caries was found to be 44.34 % and periodontal disease was 81.8% respectively. Individuals belonging to lower socioeconomic status has significantly higher caries prevalence when compared to upper and middle class individuals. (p ≤ 0.05)

Mounting evidence has demonstrated the essential role of oral health in a long and healthy life. The oral health status of the participants indicates low awareness in majority of the population of Ghaziabad District and only a small number of participants made routine dental visits. The findings can aid planning strategies for oral health care among the population.
Guía para la acción climática en municipios y gobiernos regionales: hacia territorios carbono-neutrales y resilientes ante el cambio climático
Authors: Rakes Kayla , Urriola-Cuevas Carlos , Pica-Trelles Andrés , Gonzales Luis , Perez Gonzalo , Sime Matias , Briceño Pérez Sandra , Figueroa Vladimir , Harris Jordan , Talbot-Wright Hipólito , Vogt-Schilb Adrien
Published: September 2023

El cambio climático ya lo están experimentando las comunidades. El aumento de las temperaturas y los eventos climáticos extremos no sólo afectan el medio ambiente; también afecta nuestra vida cotidiana y el funcionamiento de nuestra sociedad. Sus impactos son evidentes en todas las regiones del mundo y Chile, en particular, es altamente vulnerable. Frente a esta urgencia, en junio de 2022 Chile adoptó la Ley Marco de Cambio Climático, la que estableció como meta alcanzar la carbono-neutralidad y resiliencia ante el cambio climático a más tardar en el año 2050; adicionalmente, obliga a los municipios y gobiernos regionales a elaborar planes de acción comunal de cambio climático y planes de acción regional de cambio climático, respectivamente. En este contexto, esta guía busca empoderar a los líderes regionales y comunales para que actúen de manera decisiva en la lucha contra el cambio climático; identifica las transformaciones necesarias para un futuro carbono neutral y resiliente junto con las acciones climáticas para implementar este cambio, superando sus barreras e inspirando a sus comunidades. Este documento fue desarrollado a partir de talleres con actores claves a nivel nacional, regional y comunal, además del análisis de literatura y la revisión de experiencias en la región. La guía identifica las transformaciones y propone acciones para aumentar la resiliencia enfrentando los desafíos climáticos que amenazan nuestras comunidades, como olas de calor, sequías, incendios forestales, e inundaciones interiores y costeras. También propone acciones para reducir emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero provenientes de las industrias de la energía, edificios, transporte, bosques y naturaleza, agroalimentario, y residuos. Ejemplos de acciones climáticas sugeridas en esta guía incluyen la arborización urbana con especies nativas, la reutilización de aguas grises, la instalación de aires acondicionados para enfriamiento y calefacción, instalación de vías exclusivas para buses, la restauración de bosques y humedales, y la provisión de centros de recolección de reciclables. Para apoyar esta acción climática, la guía además identifica las claves del éxito, propone una hoja de ruta y entrega un set de herramientas transversales, como posibles opciones de financiamiento, instrumentos administrativos facilitadores y análisis de competencias legales a nivel municipal y regional. Por último, se entregan recomendaciones para fomentar las acciones climáticas, las que también pueden ser incorporadas en los planes de acción regional de cambio climático y los planes de acción comunal de cambio climático.