bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF MODIFIED PULMONARY REHABILITATION PROGRAMME ON IMPROVEMENT OF MORBIDITIES IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) PATIENTS
Authors: A Chavda Poonam , A Thummar Neti , B Daxini Arvind , N Patel Jaimin
Published: December 2022

Background : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is
characterized by slow emptying of the lung during forced expiration and measured by FEV1/FVC ratio. Objectives: To assess the difference in the
patient's level of symptoms (MMRC Grading), psychological assessment (PHQ9),objective parameters (6 Minute Walk Test, Spirometry) after
giving modied pulmonary rehabilitation. Material and Methods:An analytical study was carried out on 150 participants attending our hospital
who were enrolled after their informed and written consent, Demographic data, history, physical examination, and psychological assessment were
conducted of all the patients. The total duration of the study is of 18 months. Out of that one patient is followed for 12 weeks during which during the
rst 6 weeks of the study patients were given pharmacotherapy as per Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines
and for the next 6 weeks patients were given pharmacotherapy with pulmonary rehabilitation. Results: Out of 150 patients , the majority of the
patients presented with MMRC grade 2 or 3 at the initiation of study and at the end of the study, their grades were improved. The value of spirometry
testing, 6 Minute walk test, and the PHQ9(Psychological assessment) score was also improved at the end of the study as compared to the initiation
of the study. Conclusion: Pulmonary rehabilitation plays a sentinel role in management of COPD and it increases the survival of COPD patients
REVERSIBLE POSTERIOR LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY SYNDROME OR PRESS IN A PRIMIGRAVIDA WITH TWIN PREGNANCY WITH POSTPARTUM ECCLAMPSIA (PPE): A CASE REPORT
Authors: Srivastava Saumya , Hariharan Harita
Published: December 2022

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS), also known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), is a rare
neurological disorder and patients with eclampsia, suffering from it has a high probability. PRES is a clinico-radiological syndrome characterised
by headache, seizures, altered mental status, and disturbed vision. It involves white matter vasogenicedema that affects the posterior occipital and
parietal lobes of the brain. In the present study, we report a case of a 24-year-old primigravida with twin pregnancy (dichorionicdiamniotic) of 36
weeks and four days associated with mild pregnancy induced hypertension leading to the development of PRES after PPE postpartum ecclampsia.
COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN DENGUE PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN A GOVERNMENT HOUSING COMPLEX, KOLKATA, INDIA
Authors: Patra Mahua
Published: December 2022

In India, dengue fever is an emergent public health problem and the leading cause of hospitalization and death among children also. For sustainable
prevention and control of dengue community participation is essential. The aim of the study is to explore social, economic and cultural factors that
promote or discourage participation in these community activities to gain more participation from the community. Acensus survey was performed
in a government housing estate of Kolkata city with face-to-face interviews, focus group discussion and observation. I found that in educated
people also knowledge regarding prevention is very low. They had some half-knowledge or misconceptions which leads the worst condition. The
attitude was mostly negative. Practices were deadly. Government and non-governmental organisations should be immediately proactive to
motivate people for active community participation to prevent dengue.
STUDY OF SERUM ZINC LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH FEBRILE SEIZURES
Authors: Khadpe Tanmay , Kondekar Alpana
Published: December 2022

Background: Febrile seizures are the most common cause of convulsions in children and a frequent cause of emergency hospital admissions.
Trace elements like Zinc are found in small quantities in the body but have important structural functional roles in a variety of biological processes.
There are studies identifying the role of hypozincemia in febrile seizures but so far no studies have documented hyperzincemia in febrile seizures.
An objective was to study the association between serum zinc levels and febrile seizures in children in our set up. The study was cross Methods:
sectional study done in B.Y.L. Nair Hospital, Mumbai, India from January 2017- November 2018 . A total of 147 children aged 6 months to 6 years
fullling our inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled for the study. Children were classied into 3 groups of 50 each. Out of 3 groups rst
group comprised of febrile seizure cases. The other 2 groups were control with rst being the febrile patients without convulsions and the other
being children without any history of fever or convulsion. The concentration of serum zinc was measured by colorimetric method using a Fully
automated analyser. The three groups included in the study were compared with respect to serum zinc level. All data was analysed with SPSS
(Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and variables were analysed with t-test, chi-square test and ANOVA test. All p-values below 0.05 were
considered statistically signicant. Out of 147 children enrolled, majority of t Results: he children in case group were between 6 to 12 months
(46.8%). Mean serum zinc level in cases was 112.5 ugm/dl. Serum zinc level was found signicantly high in cases of simple febrile seizures as
compared to the controls (P<0.05). Amongst 47 cases 34.04% cases had hyperzincemia and 27.65% cases had hypozincemia. Thus cases with
dysregulation in Zinc levels were 61.7%. This study reveals that there is a Conclusion: positive correlation between dysregulation (high as well as
low) in serum zinc levels and febrile convulsions
VALIDATION OF THE BRAZILIAN ALTERNATIVE VERSION OF THE MONTREAL ASSESSMENT (MOCA): PILOT STUDY
Authors: G Pecorari Alana , A I Carol , V F Valmir , F. Z Izadora , F Bertolucci Paulo H , F Zétola Viviane H
Published: December 2022

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a screening tool designed to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The current version used in
Brazil, MoCA-BR, did not have a reliable cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese and has structural aws that might lead to a higher rate
of false-positives. In previous stages of this study, the Alternative Version of the MoCA-BR was developed, with changes in the sections: Memory
and Delayed Recall, Language and Naming. to verify the inuence of cross-cultural Objectives: adaptation on the performance of cognitive tools,
and the applicability and internal accuracy of the Alternative Version of the MoCA-BR. a pilot, prospective, monocentric, longitudinal, Methods:
and analytical study. Both versions of the test were applied in a randomized and cognitively healthy population, between 18 and 60 years, within a
medium interval of 54,56 days (median = 32 days) between the questionnaires. out of 104 part Results: icipants, 70 were included (64.3% female,
40.2 years). The alternative version was superior in the naming domain (p < 0.001), and in the adapted sentence within the language domain (p =
0.003). There were no signicant differences within the delayed recall domain. The alternative version showed good internal consistency, with a
Cronbach's alpha coefcient of 0.75. The cut-off point suggested by the study is 27 points, with sensitivity and specicity of 91.3% and 79.2%,
respectively. Cultural factors affect the accuracy of cognitive tests, and Conclusions: adaptation is essential for their use in different countries.
COURSE AND OUTCOME OF PREGNANCIES COMP
Authors: Kocijancic Belovic Dusica , Bogicevic Iva , Brezic Nebojsa , Aksam Slavica , Dotlic Jelena
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication in pregnancy. Patients with GDM have a higher risk for
hypertensive pregnancy disorders, giving birth to a macrosomic newborn and developing polyhydramnios that can cause premature birth. Aim: The
study aimed to examine the course and outcome of pregnancies complicated with GDM. Material and methods: This study included 41 pregnant
womenwithmonofetal pregnanciestreated due toGDMattheClinic forGynecology andObstetrics oftheUniversityClinicalCenter ofSerbia during a
three months period. GDM was conrmed by an oral glucose tolerance test after 24th week of pregnancy. Results:Average age of patients was 32.5 ±
5.55 years. The mean body weight was 87.32 ± 16.22 kg while women in average gained 9.86 ± 3.9 kg during pregnancy. Body Mass Index did not
impact pregnancy outcome. Pathological glycemias were recorded in 51.2% women even on antidiabetic diet. Out of 18 cases of accelerated fetal
growth, 77.8% were of pregnant women with pathological values of postprandial glycemia (p = 0.03). Still averageApgarscore of examined children
was mostly good (8.78 ± 4.54). Signicantly more children (66.7 %) that needed prolonged hospitalization after birth were of mothers who had
pathological PPG (p = 0.41). Conclusion: Pregnancies with GDM require intensive monitoring of the mother and fetus, more frequent inpatient
treatment,preventionof complications anda timelydecisionfordelivery,inthe interestofthebestpossiblemetabolichealthofthemother andnewborn.
A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE INDEX TESTING PROGRAM FOR MANICALAND AND MATABELELAND SOUTH PROVINCES, ZIMBABWE, 2022
Authors: Dumisani Mugauri Hamufare , Mugurungi Owen , Chirenda Joconiah , Tshimanga Mufuta
Published: December 2022

Background: Zimbabwe has been implementing Index contact tracing and testing (ICT) since 2019 to expedite epidemic control and accelerate
the identication of people living with HIV. We identied two comparable provinces (structure, catchment, and location) yet with contrasting HIV
prevalence rates to evaluate the program and develop recommendations that can enhance program performance. A process Methodology:
evaluation of the ICT program was conducted in 8 randomly selected districts shared between Manicaland and Matabeleland South provinces. A
logical framework model was applied to evaluate program inputs and processes, correlated with outputs and contributions toward outcomes.
Microsoft Excel 2021 was used to summarize data as frequencies and proportions. W Results: e recruited 1,393 health workers over one year shared
between Manicaland, 57.1% (n=795) and Matabeleland South 42.9% (n=598). An overall 80.6% (n=14,500) of the targeted Rapid test kits and
84.9% (n=24,200) of HIVST kits were supplied, resulting in intermittent shortages in both provinces. A copy of the ICT register was supplied per
facility against an average of 3 entry points each. Manicaland conducted 33.5% of their targeted ICT trainings against 80% for Matabeleland.
Program implementation was scored at 62.2% for Manicaland and 81.8% for Matabeleland South. Manicaland scored an HIVST reactivity rate of
7.7% (871/11,320) whilst Matabeleland South documented a reactivity rate of 6.2% (679/10,890) against a target of 10%. Both provinces scored
above 60% of their target for the identication of HIV-positive individuals (Manicaland: 61.1%, Matabeleland South: 79.5%). An overall positivity
yield of 62.8% (n=742/1,181) was obtained among index contacts. Index testing proved to be a resourc Conclusion: e-intensive HIV testing model
yet highly effective in identifying individuals living with HIV among index contacts. The resource demand is justied by the high positivity yield
which can be aided by implementation delity, critical to expediting epidemic control by mopping up clients living with HIV without the
knowledge thereof.
IS MICRO-ENVIRONMENT A HURDLE IN GENETIC ENHANCEMENT OF YIELD IN PIGEONPEA?
Authors: Saxena K.B. , Nigam S.N.
Published: December 2022

Yield stagnation in pigeonpea remains a serious concern. Since most cultivars in the past were bread using pedigree method, it seems that this
method was ineffective in increasing the crop productivity. To get insight into this failure, 10 highly inbred parents and their F2 bulks were
examined by comparing their single plant yield variances. Surprisingly, the inbred parents exhibited high inter-plant variability; and their F2s were
less variable than their one or both the parents. These unusual observations were attributed to the interaction of individual plants with unspecied
micro-environmental factors prevailing in their vicinity, both below and above the ground. Under such circumstances, the selections had low
heritability and unpredictable performance in the subsequent generation. Since these factors cannot be targeted through breeding, it is suggested
that the breeders should try other breeding approaches such as bulk, composites, and single pod descent. The pedigree method of breeding,
however, will continue to have its utility in the genetic enhancement of qualitative traits like yield.Yield stagnation in pigeonpea remains a serious concern. Since most cultivars in the past were bread using pedigree method, it seems that this
method was ineffective in increasing the crop productivity. To get insight into this failure, 10 highly inbred parents and their F2 bulks were
examined by comparing their single plant yield variances. Surprisingly, the inbred parents exhibited high inter-plant variability; and their F2s were
less variable than their one or both the parents. These unusual observations were attributed to the interaction of individual plants with unspecied
micro-environmental factors prevailing in their vicinity, both below and above the ground. Under such circumstances, the selections had low
heritability and unpredictable performance in the subsequent generation. Since these factors cannot be targeted through breeding, it is suggested
that the breeders should try other breeding approaches such as bulk, composites, and single pod descent. The pedigree method of breeding,
however, will continue to have its utility in the genetic enhancement of qualitative traits like yield.
CONTEMPORARY TERRORISM: A WORLD SYSTEM PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Orji Leonard C. , Dike Oluchi G. , Ibok Mary Etim
Published: December 2022

A trajectory view of the world system perspective reveals a fundamental engagement of protest against the ways we have thought or come to know the world around us. This realization only serves as an expression of the real protest concerning the deep inequalities of world system which have become politically central in our current times. This paper draws theoretical resources from the world system perspective and capping it with the terminal current unitary world and the place of terrorism in such system. Peripheral analysis of the world system was undertaken to expose the place and roles of nations globally and domestically in the development of contemporary terrorism. Lopsided economic structure, injustice, poverty and deprivation were identified as major factors facilitating the use of terrorist’s strategies by poor nations (referred to as semi-periphery nations) and individuals in drawing attention to their plights. A review of the western economic mechanism (Globalisation) and how it engenders terrorism in the present world was undertaken. An excursion was also undertaken to explore the various instances of global terrorism and the Nigerian situation as well as the analysis of the fundamental reasons behind terrorism and the modern-day tools for terrorists with a view to advancing some antidotes towards addressing global and domestic terrorism and its implications for national development. The paper concludes by advocating that irrespective of the divide we find ourselves we must all return to the pristine foundation of rational humanism and the reinstatement of mutually beneficial relations between the human world and the natural world.
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC, COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS AND FEAR OF CRIME AS CORRELATES OF SELF-REPORTED HEALTH STATUS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors: Adejoh Samuel Ojima , Attoh Franca , Akinbode Gabriel Aunde , Elias Peter , Abiodun Ajijola
Published: December 2022

The main objective of this study was to examine the influence of socio-demographic characteristics, community characteristics and fear of crime on self-reported health status among residents in selected communities in Lagos, Nigeria. The study was conducted in four selected communities in Lagos, namely Mushin, Idi-Oro, Idi-Araba and Surulere. Cross-sectional design survey was used to select 799 respondents using stratified sampling technique. Data were analysed at univariate, bivariate and ordinal logistic regression using SPSS version 22.0. Majority of the respondents rated their self-reported health status as excellent to good. The findings show that education increases the chances of achieving excellent to good selfreported health status; that female respondent reported excellent to good self-reported health status compared to the male respondents Also, Christians and Muslims reported excellent to good self-reported health status. Safely walking alone at night/day in the community positively affected self-reported health status. Fear of crime has direct relationship with self-reported health status. Sociodemographic, community characteristics and fear of crime influence self-reported health status. Policy on crime control should be specific at reducing fear of crime at individual and community levels to promote healthy individuals and communities.
Evaluation of the Results of Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Posterior Wall and Posterior Column Fracture of Acetabulum by Reconstruction Plate and Screw by Kocher-Langenbeck Approach
Authors: Ahmed Khandaker Ehthesam , Siddika Munira Afroz , Qasem Md. Fazlul Haque , Khan Habibur Rahman , Mostafa Anup
Published: December 2022

Background: Historically, acetabular fracture therapy was generally insufficient, leaving many patients with incapacitating pain, mobility limitations, and joint failure. It's caused by high-velocity injuries and affects young, economically productive people. Proper treatment including optimum surgical care should be offered, especially in our uninformed and fiscally unstable society, to preserve lives and reduce long-term consequences and impairments. This research aims to examine and manage the posterior wall and column of acetabular fracture, focusing on aspects the treating physician may influence. Objectives: To assess the outcome of open reduction and internal fixation of posterior wall and column fracture of acetabulum which may help the orthopaedic surgeons to take appropriate measures as needed. Materials and Methods: 15 posterior acetabular fracture patients were studied. Cases were clinically and radiologically diagnosed in NITOR's emergency or outpatient departments (NITOR). All patients had open reduction and internal fixation by Kocher-Langenback technique. 1 hour 55 minutes was average operating time 21-day average hospital stay. Per- and post-op were uneventful. Patients were released with follow-up appointments. Patients were clinically and radiologically examined at each follow-up. Results: Most injuries were from RTAs (86.66 percent ). Most patients had left acetabular injuries (66.66 percent). Posterior wall acetabular fractures were more common (53.33%) than posterior column and wall fractures (33.33 percent). Most patients had surgery within 2 weeks after injury (60 percent ). 4 (26.66%) and 6 (40%) patients had good clinical and radiological outcomes following surgery. Most patients' clinical (46.66%) and radiological outcomes were favorable (53.33 percent). About 20% of patients were clinically and radiologically fair. 6.6% of patients had poor physical result, while none had poor radiological outcome. 20-40-year-olds had a largely ..........
Outcome of Tympanoplasty with Cortical Mastoidectomy in Tubotympanic Type of CSOM
Authors: Haque Dr. Zubaidul , Karim Dr. Abdul , Sarker Dr. Dipan Kumar , Ullah Dr. Md. Oli , Islam Dr. Md. Ariful
Published: December 2022

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the most common ear diseases in under developing countries. Otolaryngologists debate whether to perform tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy when treating CSOM. Objective: To see the outcome of tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy for hearing gain and grafting success. Methods: This observational study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2018 to June 2020. A total of 30 patients who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy were enrolled in this study. Following enrollment, the condition of the pinna, preauricular region, postauricular region, and external auditory canal were examined. The location and extent of the tympanic membrane perforation, the state of the remaining tympanic membrane, the health of the middle ear mucosa, and the ossicles were all examined during the otoscopy. Tuning fork tests, tests for facial nerve integrity, and fistula tests were also carried out. The hearing level was assessed by pure-tone audiometry with masking. Results: Among 30 patients’ females were 53.3% and males were 46.7%. All of the patients ranged in age from 16 to 60, with the majority of them falling between the ages of 21 and 30. Most of the patients came from middle-class families, and the majority of patients were from rural areas. The majority of patients showed unilateral ear involvement. Most often, the central malleolar region was perforated, then the anterior central region and the posterior central region. The most frequent perforation size was medium, followed by small, large, and subtotal. The pre- treatment bone conduction threshold was 11.74± 4.42 dB, which was reduced to 10.14 ±3.70 dB after treatment (p<0.05). The pre-treatment air conduction threshold was 39.78± 8.76 dB, which was reduced to 26.45 ±9.19 dB after treatment (p<0.05). The pre-treatment air-bone ..
Prevalence of Hypertension among Prostate Cancer Patients: A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Udoh Elijah Asuquo , Essiet Ifiok Udo , Usoro Anthony Joseph
Published: December 2022

Background: Prostate cancer is a global health problem affecting men in their advancing years. Both prostate and hypertension incidence increases with age. Human and animal studies have attempted to explain an association between the two disease entities. The interplay of androgen activity has been strongly suggested. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension among prostate cancer patients. Materials and methods: One hundred and nineteen (119) patients with prostate cancer were studied. Information retrieved from their case notes included biodata, clinical, laboratory, imaging and prostate biopsy results. Hypertensive men were selected based on preceding history of hypertension or absence of such history for non-hypertensives. Results: mean age of patients was 68.68±8.38 years ranging from 48 to 91 years. Non–hypertensives were slightly older than hypertensive men (Table 1). Mean Gleason score was 7.97±1.15 and mean prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 56.20±37.30 ng/ml. Most men were in their 8th decade of life (table 2i).The prevalence of hypertension was 43.7%. Most of them had prostate specific antigen in excess of 10.0ng/ml and Gleason score of 9. Hypertensive men were also associated with slightly higher Gleason score and prostate specific antigen values. Conclusion: Evaluation of hypertensive men should include a full urological assessment to diagnose those at increased risk of prostate cancer bearing in mind documented high prevalences associated with both disease conditions.
To Study the Arthroscopic Management of Meniscal Injury of Knee Joint and its Functional Outcome at a Rural Care Centre
Authors: Mishra Dr. Aakash , Herode Dr. Prafulla , Sanap Dr. Amol
Published: December 2022

Background: Meniscal tears are the most common injury of the knee, with an incidence of meniscal injury resulting in meniscectomy of 66 per 100,000 populations per year. Menisci are essential for the normal function of the knee joint. In the modern diagnosis of meniscal injury and planning of the appropriate intervention, a good patient history and clinical examination have been supplemented with precise non-invasive imaging. Conservative approach has moved, with the correct indication, towards surgical treatment. Interestingly, the very first treatment for meniscal lesions was repair and not resection, suggesting that keeping the meniscus in place was the right approach all along. Aim and Objective: To study the Arthroscopic Management of Meniscal Injury of Knee Joint and its Functional Outcome Material and Methods: A prospective study was carried out among patients with meniscal injuries of knee joint and getting admitted under orthopaedic department at rural care center. All patients having meniscal injuries having age between 20 to 60 years, getting confirmed of meniscal injury on MRI and willing to participate were considered for the study. Thus such 50 cases were studied and evaluated. Patients with infection in and around the knee joint were excluded from the study. Data analysis was done using Software Open Epi version 2.3.1. Results: Mean age in years was 42.8+4.6. Majority 60% were females. Common mode of injury was road traffic accident (75%). Medial meniscus was commonly involved (80%). 48% cases showed good functional outcome, 32% showed excellent and 10% showed fair outcome. Complications were seen among 13% cases. Conclusion: The need to accurately evaluate the knee injuries is very crucial for the proper management and outcome; otherwise it will lead to chronic debility to the patient. Arthroscopy can accurately detect, localize and characterize various internal derangements of the knee joint and help in arriving at a correct anatomical diagnosis ...
To Study the Role of Arthroscopy in Management of Degenerative Osteoarthritis of Knee: A Prospective Study
Authors: Bhagade Dr. Karan , Herode Dr. Prafulla , Ghorpade Dr. Kailash , Kandarkar Dr. Sanket M. , Sonar Dr. Swapnil
Published: December 2022

Background: Degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee joint, is typically the result of wear and tear and progressive loss of articular cartilage. Common clinical symptoms include knee pain that is gradual in onset and worse with activity, knee stiffness and swelling, crepitus. Patients with knee osteoarthritis have decreased levels of physical activity in comparison to their healthy counterparts. Aim: To study the role of arthroscopy in management of degenerative osteoarthritis of knee. Material and methods: A prospective study was carried out among patients having symptoms and signs of degenerative OA knee coming to Orthopedic OPD at Pravara Rural Medical College. Patients more than 50 years of age, medically fit for surgery, failed to improve on conservative treatment and willing to participate were considered for the study. Thus such 30 cases were studied. All cases were treated by arthroscopic interventions. Statistical analysis was done using open epi version 2.3.1. Results: Mean age was 58.7+12.4 years, majority being females 60%. 14% cases had meniscal tear. On Kellgreen and Lawrence’s arthroscopic grading majority had grade II and III. On final outcome on follow up showed excellent results. 48% excellent, 42% good, and 10% fair. Conclusion: Arthroscopic intervention is an effective method for treatment of degenerative osteoarthritis of knee in patients with negligible complications due to its minimally invasive nature and early mobilization. Patients with grade I and grade II degenerative osteoarthritis have good results.
Aetiopathologiacl Pattern of Intestinal Obstruction among Different Age Group
Authors: Dewan Dr. Md. Nayeem , Das Dr. Prosunto Kumar , Mamun Dr. Abu. Masud Al , Ahamad Dr. Farid Uddin , Jahan Dr. S. M. Sarwar , Rakib Dr. Shaikh Adnan
Published: December 2022

Background: Intestinal obstruction demands early diagnosis and proper management to reduce morbidity and mortality. The morbidity and mortality is still high despite modern medical and technical facilities. This study was undertaken to highlight the aetiopathological pattern of intestinal obstruction among different age group for early diagnosis and management. Thus reducing the fatal outcome by preventing complications. Objective: To evaluate aetiopathological pattern of intestinal obstruction among different age group. Methods: This cross sectional observation study was done in the Surgery Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, from July 2008 to 2009. Total 150 cases of clinically diagnosed obstruction were included in this study. All cases were clinically evaluated followed by thorough investigations and their causes were established. The final diagnoses were based on preoperative findings and in some cases histopathological findings of the respected specimen. Result: 150 Patients were included in this study with the median age 34.5+10.9 years. Male to Female ratio3:1.Clinical diagnosis demonstrates that nearly half(48%) of the patients had inguinal hernia,13.3% had post operative bands and adhesions,12.5% had intestinal; tuberculosis,12.7% had intestinal maligacy, 6.7% had volvulus of sigmoid colon. In this study of association of causes of intestinal obstruction in relation to age showed that young adults (Age-35 or below) had higher frequency of inguinial hernia (55.2%) compared to those that were middle aged or elderly (more than 35 years of age) P<0.05 indicating significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: This study showed inguinal hernia to be significant cause of intestinal obstruction in young adults compared to those who were middle-aged or elderly. Inguinal hernia though always not complicates but it should be taken seriously as a potential cause of intestinal obstruction and elective operation should be advocated whenever .......
Outcomes of Conservative versus Operative Management in Fracture Shaft Tibia and Fracture Shaft Femur in Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Mahajan Dr. Swapnil , Herode Dr. Prafulla , Patel Dr. Het
Published: December 2022

Background: Tibia is more often involved in open fractures because of its subcutaneous location. Severe open fractures of tibia are associated with high complication rate and poor long term outcomes. 70% of pediatric tibial fractures are isolated injuries and approximately 30% of pediatric shaft tibia fractures are associated with fibula fracture. AIM: The aim is to study clinical and radiological outcomes of patient with tibial and femoral fractures, who are treated with closed reduction and internal fixation with nailing versus treated conservatively by casting. Material and method: 40 cases with femur or tibia fractures treated with nailing and conservatively between 1st January 2022 to 30thNovember 2022 at rural medical college, loni a rural tertiary care hospital was analyzed retrospectively out of which 16 patients treated conservatively and 4 patients underwent operative management for tibia fractures while 16 patients were treated operatively and 4 patients treated conservatively for femur fractures. Results: Total 40 patients of shaft femur and shaft tibia fractures were treated conservatively with cast application and Closed reduction and internal fixation by elastic nailing. In comparision for simple transverse fracture, we can conclude that in most patients fracture can be treated conservatively to minimize soft tissue damage but only in unacceptable criteria for conservative management we can opt for minimally invasive procedure like TENS nailing. Conclusion: Immobilization time is shorter in surgical group but we have started mobilizing with cast application. It is the only advantage of surgical management which has been given in conservatively managed patients. Outcomes after 3 months.
Prevalence of Dyslipidaemia in Lichen Planus in a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Islam Dr. Mohammad Saiful , Nahar Dr. Shamsun
Published: December 2022

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory papulosquamous disorder affecting the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails. It is clinically characterized by small, flat-topped, shiny, polygonal violaceous papules that may coalesce into plaques. It is believed that LP represents a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disorder. Chronic inflammation causes disturbances in the lipid metabolism. A link between dermatological disorders and dyslipidemia has been established in the recent past. When this dyslipidemia becomes prolonged it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke & metabolic syndrome. Proper evaluation & early detection reduced the burden of dyslipidaemia in patients with Lichen planus. Objectives: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in patient with lichen planus. Materials & Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Total sample size was 100. Patients with lichen planus aged >18 years of age and of both sexes were enrolled for study. Clinical examination and relevant investigation were done meticulously. Serum lipid profile was evaluated based on NCEP/ATP III criteria. Data was processed and analysed with the help of computer program SPSS and Microsoft excel. Quantitative data expressed as mean and standard deviation and qualitative data as frequency and percentage. Comparison was done by tabulation and graphical presentation in the form of tables, pie chart, graphs, bar diagrams, histogram & charts etc. Results: in this study maximum incidence was seen in the 4th decade (e.g., 57.0%), mean age of the patient was 53.42±8.5 years. Male and female ratio was 4.88:1. On evaluation of serum lipid level, 28 patients found borderline to high total cholesterol level (> 200 mg/dl) with mean value 167.57 mg/dl ± 47.84. Abnormal Serum LDL cholesterol was detected in 32 patients with mean value 126.16 mg/dl ± 47.29. Serum HDL ......
A Comparative Study of Tympanoplasty with or without Mastoidectomy in Tubotympanic Type of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Authors: Haque Dr. Zubaidul , Sarker Dr. Dipan Kumar , Karim Dr. Abdul , Ullah Dr. Md. Oli , Ali Dr. Md. Miraz , Quamruzzaman Dr. Md.
Published: December 2022

Background: One of the most frequent ear illnesses in underdeveloped countries is chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). In the treatment of CSOM, otolaryngologists debate whether to perform tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy. Objective: To compare the outcome of tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy in the treatment of tubotympanic type chronic suppurative otitis media. Methods: This comparative study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2019 over a period of 02 years. A total number of 60 patients who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy were enrolled in this study. After enrollment the condition of the pinna, preauricular region, postauricular region and external auditory cannal were examined. On otoscopy, site and size of perforation of tympanic membrane, condition of the rest of the tympanic membrane, condition of the middle car mucosa and the ossicles were also examined. Tuning fork tests, test for facial nerve integrity and fistula test were performed. Hearing level was assessed by pure tone audiometry with masking. Enrolled patients were grouped into two groups. Patients who underwent type- 1 tympanoplasty alone kept in group A and who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy kept in group B. Complete blood count, blood urea, serum creatinine, random sugar, ECG and X-ray chest P/A view were done routinely. Results: Females were 76.7% in group-A and 53.3% in group-B. All patients were of age between 16 to 60 years and most of them were in the age group of 21-30 years. Majority of the patients were from rural area and maximum patients were from middle class family. In most of the patients unilateral ear involvement was observed. Perforation site was central malleolar in maximum cases followed by anterior central and posterior central. Perforation size was ........
To Assess Knowledge and Practice of Hypertensive Patients Regarding Prevention of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ahommed Faruk , Hossain Mohammad Moyazzam , Hossain Abul
Published: December 2022

Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally. More people die annually from CVDs than from any other cause. An estimated 17.5 million people died from CVDs in 2012, representing 31% of all global deaths. Good knowledge and practice is required for prevention and control of myocardial infarction. Objective: To assess knowledge and practice of hypertensive patients regarding prevention of myocardial infarction. Methods: A cross-sectional hospital based study was conducted at Cardiology Dept. Islami Bank community Hospital Faridpur and 250 Bedded General Hospital, Gopalgonj, Bangladesh January to June 2021. Among 100 hypertensive patients were included. Purposive sampling method was used to select calculated number of study participants. Data was collected by interview method using structured questionnaire and descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyze the data. Results: Total 100 hypertensive respondents, more than half (54.0%) had high level of knowledge whereas 46.0% had low level of knowledge regarding prevention of MI. Similarly, 56.0% had good practice and were taking the appropriate preventive measures of MI, though, 44.0% had poor practice. This study revealed that knowledge level was significantly (P=0.002) higher among female (73.2%) than to male (43.2%). This study found significant association of knowledge with gender, education and socio-economic status. In the same manner, there was significant association of practice with awareness of disease. Conclusion: Heart disease is a significant problem among adult population. So assessing the knowledge regarding preventive heart disease could be the effective measure to prevent heart disease. Thus, further awareness regarding prevention of MI needs to be provided to hypertensive patients and large scale study should be planned to identify the determinants of knowledge and practice of prevention of MI among hypertensive patients.
Outcome of Surgical Repair of Vesicovaginal Fistula-A Comparative Study between Transabdominal and Transvaginal Route
Authors: Chowdhury Dr. Md. Tanuwar Islam , Mostofa Dr. Munshi Akid , Rana Dr. Md. Masud , Hossain Dr. Muhammad Faruk , Maoya Dr. Md. Mostakim , Alam Dr. Ankhi Nury
Published: December 2022

Background: The management of VVF involves a multi-modal technique. Surgical repair remains the treatment of choice for VVF. The repair could be undertaken through the transabdominal or transvaginal route. Although the vaginal route was the commonest route employed in the repair of VVF, it is clearly associated with post-operative incontinence, high recurrence and low success rate. Objectives: To compare the outcomes of surgical repair of vesicovaginal fistula between transabdominal and transvaginal Route. Methods: This prospective comparative study intended to compare the outcomes between surgical repair of vesicovaginal fistula- between transabdominal and transvaginal route. A total of 50 cases of VVF patient planned for surgical repair of VVF in Dhaka Medical College Hospital from April 2017 to September 2018, included in this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cases were randomly allocated to group A (Transabdominal repair of VVF) and group B (Transvaginal repair of VVF). Each group consisted of 25 patients. The outcome variables were success rate of operation, post-operative complication, post-operative pain, post-operative hospital stay and recurrence. Data were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: No significant differences were found regarding age (p=0.3921), etiology (p=1.000), fistula number (p=0.4174), haematuria (p=0.667), vaginal bleeding (p=1.000), wound infection (p=0.4174) and hospital stay (p=0.4828) between two groups. Post-operative incontinence (p<0.0448) was less in group A than group B cases. Success rate is higher in group A in comparison to group B (p<0.0223). Conclusions: Trans-abdominal route is better than trans-vaginal route in VVF repair. It significantly reduces post-operative incontinence and recurrence of VVF. Success rate is also high in trans-abdominal route than trans-vaginal route. So, VVF repair by trans-abdominal route is safe and effective.
The Anesthesia Techniques for Reductions Intraoperative and Postoperative Complication and Post-Operative Morbidity and Mortality of Stroke Patients
Authors: Sorowar Dr. Moutusi , Habib Dr. Muhummmad Ahosan , Ahmad Dr. Imranuddin , Arna Dr. Samia Mehreen
Published: December 2022

Background: Stroke during surgery is the most dreaded complication for both the patient and the medical team. Stroke risk during surgery reportedly varies across procedures. In minor, non-neurologic, and non-cardiac surgeries, its occurrence is typically low. Objective: In this study our main objective is to evaluate anesthesia techniques for reductions intraoperative and postoperative complication and post-operative morbidity and mortality of stroke patients in ICU. Method: This Retrospective study was carried out at the Department of surgery, Khulna Medical College Hospital, Khulna from January 2020 to January 2021 where 100 patients who underwent different types of surgery were randomized to receive thoracic epidural analgesia along with general anaesthesia in Group-A (50 patients) and only GA in Group-B (50 patients) were included the study. Result: During the study, most of the patients belong to 41-50 years age group for both Group A (48%) and group B (42%). Most of the patients in group A faced cardiac surgery, 50% and in group B most of the patients faced neurologic surgery before stroke, 50%. In group A 80% patients had ischemic and 20% had hemorrhagic. Whereas in group B 85% patients had ischemic and 15% had hemorrhagic. Plus, in group A total 90% patients stay in hospital 6-10 days where as group B it was 15%. Moreover, in group A mortality rate was 20% where as in group B it was 25%. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that combining TEA and GA during surgery reduces the risk of stroke for patients to a similar extent as GA alone. Even more research is required for a more favorable result.
The Efficiency between Azithromycin vs Doxycycline in Patients with Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Haider Dr. Md. Sohel
Published: December 2022

Background: One of the most prevalent illnesses affecting the pilosebaceous unit is acne vulgaris. In spite of doxycycline's status as a go-to anti-acne drug, alternative options have been explored owing to the drug's negative effects and contraindications. Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the efficiency between azithromycin vs. doxycycline in patients with acne vulgaris. Method: This cross sectional study carried out at tertiary hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. A total of 200 Patients who met the diagnostic criteria were enrolled in the study if they didn’t have a history of taking systemic and topical treatment for their acne during the past four and two weeks respectively and hadn’t received oral isotretinoin for the past 6 months. After taking informed consents, patients were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to two treatment groups: n=100 control group received 100 mg doxycycline daily for three months which considered as group A and n=100 case group received 500 mg azithromycin consecutive three days in a week for three months is considered as group B. All patient received instructions about correct method of taking the drugs. Results: During the study, most of the patients belong to 20-30 years age group, 48% and 60% were female. After getting the course, in group A good improvement seen in 46% cases, followed by 38% cases had moderate improvement, 7% had mild improvement, 6% had no improvement. Whereas in group B good improvement seen in 49% cases, followed by 42% cases had moderate improvement, 9% had mild improvement, 3% had no improvement. In addition, gastrointestinal side effects are more frequently seen with doxycycline (12%) than azithromycin (4%). Plus, dermatologic adverse effects of doxycycline (4%) are higher than azithromycin (1.5%). Conclusion: Because of its extended half-life and lack of serious side effects, azithromycin is a viable alternative to the standard treatment of inflammatory acne with .....
Analysis of the Hardness, Nano Indentation and Nano Roughness of NiTi Orthodontic Arch wires
Authors: Chahine Dr. Nafez
Published: December 2022

Objective: The aim was to observe the modification of NiTi arch wires mechanical characteristics before and after their use and to highlight that when shape memory and super elasticity are stressed, hardness and roughness are also altered. Materials and methods: Samples of used and new 0.016-0.022- and 0.016-inch archwires made by American Orthodontics (AO), AZDent and Ortho Classic (OC) were retrieved from 192 patients. They were analyzed using an Atomic Force Microscope, a hardness tester and SEM. The arches were classified into various categories: the qualitative factors that include manufacturers, type, usage, age, gender, size and location. The quantitative factors include roughness (nm) and hardness (Vickers). The analysis was divided into three parts, comparison of new arches for all three companies, comparison of used arches between all three and comparison between new and used arches company by company. Results: As expected, the acquired results revealed a decrease in the hardness value (ΔHV~50 Vickers) of the retrieved samples after 4–6-week oral installation compared to the control samples, as well as increased surface roughness and porosity. AZDent brand bows have the smallest drop in hardness. The AO brand arches proved to be the roughest while those manufactured by AZDent were the smoothest. It should also be noted that 0.016-0.022 arches showed the most degradation. Conclusion: We was able to demonstrate that the mechanical properties of NiTi arches (shape memory and super-elasticity) appear to differ significantly before and after intra-oral usage. That mean the old arch wires have fewer mechanical properties than the new one and, in this situation, we need to find a solution to avoid this problem.
Arteriovenous Malformation of the Face Involving the Right Temporal Region: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Berrezouk Dr. Maroua , Abir Badreddine , Lakouichmi Mohammed , Abouchadi Abdeljalil
Published: December 2022

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the face is an uncommon condition. Clinical manifestations typically include local pain, pulsatile mass, headache, and less frequently, necrosis and hemorrhage. This study discusses and illustrates an unusual case of progressively progressive AVM of the right temporal region of the face in a 33-year-old woman. The diagnosis of vascular malformation was evoked on angio-CT. The treatment was surgical and consisted of complete removal of the tumor after vascular ligation. Histology confirmed the diagnosis.
Pancreatic Tuberculosis: A Diagnosis Dilemma; About A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hala Aouroud , Hanane El Abbassi , Jihane Rizkou , Khadija Krati
Published: December 2022

Pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare entity despite the high prevalence of tuberculosis in the world and in Morocco in particular. The pancreas, an organ normally protected against this infection, is only affected by hematogenous diffusion or not by contiguity through the peripancreatic lymph nodes. Its clinical expression can be either in the form of a pancreatic mass simulating a cancer, or an obstructive jaundice. The diagnosis, difficult to make, is often made only after surgical exploration. Here, we report a case of pancreatic pseudo-tumoral tuberculosis, presented with abdominal pain and weight loss.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Claval Paul
Published: December 2022

APRESENTAÇÃO: A FESTA E A CIDADE
PRÉSENTATION
Authors: Claval Paul
Published: December 2022

PRÉSENTATION:  LA FÊTE ET LA VILLE