bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circular Economy Disclosure in Sustainability Reporting: The Effect of Firm Characteristics
Authors: Vitolla Filippo , L’Abate Vitiana , Petruzzella Felice , Raimo Nicola , Salvi Antonio
Published: January 2023

The circular economy is increasingly establishing itself as a model capable of overcoming the current linear economy of production and consumption recognized as unsustainable by society. Its relevance has also attracted the attention of academics, interested not only in the implementation methods of the circular economy, but also in the ways in which companies communicate information about them. However, although in recent years some scholars have begun to investigate the circular economy disclosure (CED), research on this topic is still in an embryonic state. In fact, in the academic literature there are only a few studies related to the CED and its drivers. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating, under the lens of stakeholder theory, the effect of firm characteristics on the level of CED. To this end, it firstly involves the use of a manual content analysis of the sustainability reports drawn up by 88 international companies to measure the level of CED and, secondly, a regression model to test the impact of the firm characteristics. Empirical results demonstrate a positive effect of firm size, financial leverage and firm profitability on the level of CED. The results have important practical implications for firms and policymakers.
The Influencing Factors of the Carbon Trading Price: A Case of China against a “Double Carbon” Background
Authors: Zeng Shaolong , Fu Qinyi , Yang Danni , Tian Yihua , Yu Yang
Published: January 2023

The Carbon trading price (CTP) can best reflect the fluctuations of the carbon trading market. This paper comprehensively analyzes the CTP mechanism of China’s carbon trading market, discusses the main factors affecting China’s CTP, which include macroeconomic factors, energy price factors, policy factors, and environmental factors, and provides three hypotheses. In order to highlight and test the three hypotheses about the CTP, five representative carbon trading pilot markets were included: Beijing, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Hubei, and Guangdong, and the daily average price data (over years) were adapted from January 2017 to December 2021, using a dynamic heterogeneous panel PMG model. The current paper selects the China air quality index (AQI), Bohai-Rim steam-coal price index (BSPI), Liquefied natural gas index (LNGI), and the Shanghai stock exchange industrial index (SSEII) as the explanatory variables. The empirical results show that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the CTP, AQI, energy price, and macroeconomics. Strengthening environmental governance, optimizing the energy structure, and expanding the carbon trading market coverage should be adopted to improve the China carbon emission trade exchange (CCETE) and stabilize the CTP.
Evolution of Ecotourism in Coastal Indigenous Communities: Comparison of the Case Studies of La Ventanilla and La Escobilla in Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Cordon Clara , Carmena Beatriz , Giménez Martín C. , García José L. , Calderon-Guerrero Carlos
Published: January 2023

The state of Oaxaca is one of the most economically depressed in Mexico, and this has been recently aggravated by various geopolitical and ecological events that make the lives of its inhabitants even more precarious. There is a strong interest in accelerating the state’s development with sustainable alternatives. Within the neighbouring communities of La Ventanilla and La Escobilla in the Coast of Oaxaca, the promotion of the protection and productive use of sea turtles through ecotourism has been introduced. However, the two communities have observed different socio-economic development rates. This article aims to analyse these two case studies and why La Ventanilla has made ecotourism its livelihood, whereas, in La Escobilla, it has been a source of problems. The objective is, therefore, to analyse the evolution of their ecotourism initiatives and draw a comparison between both communities to understand the differences. This objective was evaluated through surveys, expert observation, and subsequent SWOT analyses (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats). In the next step, TOWS Optimum Strategic Alternative matrices were created to establish strategies for future proposals. The authors found a clear disparity between the two communities in terms of Strengths—La Ventanilla is 55% higher than La Escobilla— and Weaknesses—La Escobilla is 43% higher than La Ventanilla. The possible suggested causes could be “sanctuary status”, “urban planning”, “different origins of the problems”, “diversification of the ecotourism product”, and “external focus”. Consequently, community empowerment, sustainable urban planning, the creation of a diversification plan for ecotourism activities, or a dissemination strategy, in addition to project proposals with external research organisations and NGOs, are considered essential strategies for the success of the ecotourism plan and thus for the sustainable development and conservation of sea turtles.
Analysis of Controllability of Fractional Functional Random Integroevolution Equations with Delay
Authors: Abuasbeh Kinda , Shafqat Ramsha , Alsinai Ammar , Awadalla Muath
Published: January 2023

Various scholars have lately employed a wide range of strategies to resolve two specific types of symmetrical fractional differential equations. The evolution of a number of real-world systems in the physical and biological sciences exhibits impulsive dynamical features that can be represented via impulsive differential equations. In this paper, we explore some existence and controllability theories for the Caputo order q∈(1,2) of delay- and random-effect-affected fractional functional integroevolution equations (FFIEEs). In order to prove that random solutions exist, we must prove a random fixed point theorem using a stochastic domain and the mild solution. Then we demonstrate that our solutions are controllable. At the end, applications and example is illustrated which indicates the applicability of this manuscript.
New Results on Integral Operator for a Subclass of Analytic Functions Using Differential Subordinations and Superordinations
Authors: Salman Fatima Obaid , Atshan Waggas Galib
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we discuss and introduce a new study using an integral operator wk,μm in geometric function theory, especially sandwich theorems. We obtained some conclusions for differential subordination and superordination for a new formula generalized integral operator. In addition, certain sandwich theorems were found. The differential subordination theory’s features and outcomes are symmetric to those derived using the differential subordination theory.
Solution of Fredholm Integral Equation via Common Fixed Point Theorem on Bicomplex Valued B-Metric Space
Authors: Mani Gunaseelan , Gnanaprakasam Arul Joseph , Ege Ozgur , Fatima Nahid , Mlaiki Nabil
Published: January 2023

The notion of symmetry is the main property of a metric function. The area of fixed point theory has a suitable structure for symmetry in mathematics. The goal of this paper is to find fixed point and common fixed point results in a bicomplex valued b-metric space for mixed type rational contractions with control functions. Some well-known literature findings were generalized in our main findings. We provide an example to strengthen and validate our main results. As an example, in the context of bicomplex-valued b-metric space, we develop fixed point and common fixed point results for the rational contraction mapping.
Composite Score of Readiness (CSR) as a Data Reduction Technique for Monitoring the RTS Process in Footballers following ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Oleksy Łukasz , Mika Anna , Kielnar Renata , Szczudło Miłosz , Racheniuk Henryk , Adamska Olga , Rzepko Marian , Królikowska Aleksandra , Reichert Paweł , Prill Robert , Stolarczyk Artur
Published: January 2023

In recent years, many studies on the safe return to sport (RTS) have been published, but there are still no clear and validated guidelines. After ACL reconstruction between limbs, asymmetry of muscle strength affects knee mechanics during walking and running, and asymmetrical joint kinematics and kinetics are considered as a strong risk factor of musculoskeletal injury. Therefore, proper diagnosis of any motor deficits remaining after ACL reconstruction seems particularly important. The aim of this study was to analyze how many tests should be included in the RTS test battery and which of them are most indicative for functional deficits related to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Sixty-five male football players (age 18–25 years) were divided into three groups: ACL group—after ACL rupture and reconstruction, mild injury group—post mild lower limb injuries, and the control group—without injuries. They performed five tests: Functional Movement Screen, Tuck Jump Assessment, Y-balance Test, Hop Test for Distance, and Isokinetic Test. The Composite Score of Readiness (CSR) index was calculated and expressed as the sum of z-scores. The multiple regression model for all tests was calculated, and then redundant variables were excluded. We observed that all tests significantly influenced the final CSR index. The Y-balance Test, Tuck Jump Assessment, and Isokinetic Test for knee flexion influenced the final CSR index the most, which means that these tests are greatly indicative of functional deficits related to ACL reconstruction. The strength of the extensor (quadriceps) muscle and the quadriceps/hamstring ratio appeared to be non-sensitive for testing functional deficits related to ACL reconstruction. If the test battery includes 4–5 tests, it better differentiates the athletes following ACL reconstruction from those after mild injuries, even if they all were cleared to play.
An Approach for Blockchain and Symmetric Keys Broadcast Encryption Based Access Control in IoT
Authors: Mihaljević Miodrag J. , Knežević Milica , Urošević Dragan , Wang Lianhai , Xu Shujiang
Published: January 2023

This paper considers the problem of data access control when the subscribers are IoT devices with initialization that cannot be updated during the entire life cycle. A generic framework and a particular instance for conditional data access control within IoT are proposed. The generic framework is based on the employment of a dedicated secret key-based broadcast encryption scheme where encrypted credentials for conditional data access is available in the blockchain and encrypted data subject to conditional access are available in an off-chain source of streaming data. Reduction of the keys management overhead in comparison with a straightforward decryption keys delivery is experimentally illustrated. An instance of the proposed framework built over the Ethereum blockchain platform is developed and experimentally evaluated.
Jacobi and Lyapunov Stability Analysis of Circular Geodesics around a Spherically Symmetric Dilaton Black Hole
Authors: Blaga Cristina , Blaga Paul , Harko Tiberiu
Published: January 2023

We analyze the stability of the geodesic curves in the geometry of the Gibbons–Maeda–Garfinkle–Horowitz–Strominger black hole, describing the space time of a charged black hole in the low energy limit of the string theory. The stability analysis is performed by using both the linear (Lyapunov) stability method, as well as the notion of Jacobi stability, based on the Kosambi–Cartan–Chern theory. Brief reviews of the two stability methods are also presented. After obtaining the geodesic equations in spherical symmetry, we reformulate them as a two-dimensional dynamic system. The Jacobi stability analysis of the geodesic equations is performed by considering the important geometric invariants that can be used for the description of this system (the nonlinear and the Berwald connections), as well as the deviation curvature tensor, respectively. The characteristic values of the deviation curvature tensor are specifically calculated, as given by the second derivative of effective potential of the geodesic motion. The Lyapunov stability analysis leads to the same results. Hence, we can conclude that, in the particular case of the geodesic motion on circular orbits in the Gibbons–Maeda–Garfinkle–Horowitz–Strominger, the Lyapunov and the Jacobi stability analysis gives equivalent results.
The Canonical Forms of Permutation Matrices
Authors: Li Wen-Wei , Hou Xin , Wang Qing-Wen
Published: January 2023

We address classification of permutation matrices, in terms of permutation similarity relations, which play an important role in investigating the reducible solutions of some symmetric matrix equations. We solve the three problems. First, what is the canonical form of a permutation similarity class? Second, how to obtain the standard form of arbitrary permutation matrix? Third, for any permutation matrix A, how to find the permutation matrix T, such that T−1AT is in canonical form? Besides, the decomposition theorem of permutation matrices and the factorization theorem of both permutation matrices and monomial matrices are demonstrated.
Applications on Topological Indices of Zero-Divisor Graph Associated with Commutative Rings
Authors: Rayer Clement Johnson , Jeyaraj Ravi Sankar
Published: January 2023

A topological index is a numeric quantity associated with a chemical structure that attempts to link the chemical structure to various physicochemical properties, chemical reactivity, or biological activity. Let R be a commutative ring with identity, and Z*(R) is the set of all non-zero zero divisors of R. Then, Γ(R) is said to be a zero-divisor graph if and only if a·b=0, where a,b∈V(Γ(R))=Z*(R) and (a,b)∈E(Γ(R)). We define a∼b if a·b=0 or a=b. Then, ∼ is always reflexive and symmetric, but ∼ is usually not transitive. Then, Γ(R) is a symmetric structure measured by the ∼ in commutative rings. Here, we will draw the zero-divisor graph from commutative rings and discuss topological indices for a zero-divisor graph by vertex eccentricity. In this paper, we will compute the total eccentricity index, eccentric connectivity index, connective eccentric index, eccentricity based on the first and second Zagreb indices, Ediz eccentric connectivity index, and augmented eccentric connectivity index for the zero-divisor graph associated with commutative rings. These will help us understand the characteristics of various symmetric physical structures of finite commutative rings.
Cell Factory for Phenylnaphthacenoid Polyketide Production
Authors: Maglangit Fleurdeliz , Deng Hai
Published: January 2023

Covering 2009–2022. Phenylnaphthacenoid polyketides have gained significant interest in recent years owing to their potent antibacterial and anticancer activities. Notably, more than 100 members of this class of natural products have been discovered from various Streptomyces species by different research groups including ours over the last 13 years. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the discovery, chemical diversity, and bioactivity of phenylnaphthacenoid polyketides. The current review also highlights the cell factory for phenylnaphthacenoid production: (1) native strains, (2) mutant strains, (3) heterologous expression, and (4) biocatalytic halogenations. Furthermore, current challenges and future opportunities are also presented as a guide for researchers to explore them more purposefully.
Recent Advances in Si-Compatible Nanostructured Photodetectors
Authors: Douhan Rahaf , Lozovoy Kirill , Kokhanenko Andrey , Deeb Hazem , Dirko Vladimir , Khomyakova Kristina
Published: January 2023

In this review the latest advances in the field of nanostructured photodetectors are considered, stating the types and materials, and highlighting the features of operation. Special attention is paid to the group-IV material photodetectors, including Ge, Si, Sn, and their solid solutions. Among the various designs, photodetectors with quantum wells, quantum dots, and quantum wires are highlighted. Such nanostructures have a number of unique properties, that made them striking to scientists’ attention and device applications. Since silicon is the dominating semiconductor material in the electronic industry over the past decades, and as germanium and tin nanostructures are very compatible with silicon, the combination of these factors makes them the promising candidate to use in future technologies.
Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction of Ptaquiloside in Bracken Fern
Authors: Kim Min Kook , Kang Ji Soo , Kundu Amit , Kim Hyung Sik , Lee Byung-Mu
Published: January 2023

This study was conducted to determine the optimal boiling time to reduce ptaquiloside (PTA) and to carry out a risk assessment for PTA, a representative toxic substance found in bracken fern (BF; Pteridium aquilinum), which is frequently consumed as food in East Asian countries. High-performance liquid chromatography showed that the concentration of PTA in BF was reduced by up to 99% after boiling for 20 min. Risk assessment results showed that the cancer margin of exposure (MOE; ≥ 25,000 = safe) to PTA for an average daily exposure scenario after boiling BF for 20 min was considered safe. In addition, the non-cancer MOE (≥ 300 = safe) to PTA under an average daily exposure scenario after BF boiling for 20 min was considered safe. However, human exposure to PTA was considered unsafe under the non-boiled BF exposure and maximum daily exposure scenarios. Therefore, boiling BF for at least 20 min is recommended before consumption, to reduce exposure to PTA as much as possible.
Chemical Composition and Transgenerational Effects on Caenorhabditis elegans of Seasonal Fine Particulate Matter
Authors: Yang Rongying , Ge Pengxiang , Liu Xiaoming , Chen Wankang , Yan Zhansheng , Chen Mindong
Published: January 2023

While numerous studies have demonstrated the adverse effects of fine particulate matter (PM) on human health, little attention has been paid to its impact on offspring health. The multigenerational toxic effects on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) were investigated by acute exposure. PM2.5 and PM1 samples were collected and analysed for their chemical composition (inorganic ions, metals, OM, PAHs) in different seasons from April 2019 to January 2020 in Lin’an, China. A higher proportion of organic carbon components (34.3%, 35.9%) and PAHs (0.0144%, 0.0200%) occupied the PM2.5 and PM1 samples in winter, respectively. PM1 in summer was enriched with some metal elements (2.7%). Exposure to fine PM caused developmental slowing and increased germ cell apoptosis, as well as inducing intestinal autofluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. PM1 caused stronger toxic effects than PM2.5. The correlation between PM component and F0 generation toxicity index was analysed. Body length, germ cell apoptosis and intestinal autofluorescence were all highly correlated with Cu, As, Pb, OC and PAHs, most strongly with PAHs. The highest correlation coefficients between ROS and each component are SO42− (R = 0.743), Cd (R = 0.816) and OC (R = 0.716). The results imply that OC, PAHs and some transition metals play an important role in the toxicity of fine PM to C. elegans, where the organic fraction may be the key toxicogenic component. The multigenerational studies show that PM toxicity can be passed from parent to offspring, and gradually returns to control levels in the F3–F4 generation with germ cell apoptosis being restored in the F4 generation. Therefore, the adverse effects of PM on reproductive damage are more profound.
Improving Energy Literacy to Facilitate Energy Transition and Nurture Environmental Culture in Vietnam
Authors: Khuc Quy Van , Tran Mai , Nguyen Thuy , Thinh Nguyen An , Dang Thao , Tuyen Dang Trung , Pham Phu , Dat Luu Quoc
Published: January 2023

Concern about energy depletion has risen because of industrialization and consumerism, pushing a transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. To this end, every group within society, especially the youth, should be made responsible for confronting and/or mitigating environmental problems. This study advances the understanding of young adults’ intentions to learn about energy conservation and its influencing factors, as well as contributes to the literature on environmental management and environmental culture and development. We used a systematic random sample technique to conduct a large-scale online survey with 1454 students from 48 different Vietnamese universities and employed Bayesian regression model to analyze the data. The initial research indicates that young adults are highly concerned about the environment, but more work has to be done to turn perceptions into actions. The majority of respondents—nearly 83%—want to increase their energy-saving knowledge, and around 50% are interested in enrolling in an energy course. Their decision regarding participation in an energy course is largely influenced by their perception and income. Women were more inclined to take energy-saving courses, and people who lived in rural areas had a stronger desire to increase their knowledge. Our research has various policy implications for promoting energy transformation and/or nurturing environmental cultures associated with environmental education improvement in Vietnam and beyond.
Stochastic Modelling of HIV-1 Replication in a CD4 T Cell with an IFN Response
Authors: Sazonov Igor , Grebennikov Dmitry , Savinkov Rostislav , Soboleva Arina , Pavlishin Kirill , Meyerhans Andreas , Bocharov Gennady
Published: January 2023

A mathematical model of the human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) life cycle in CD4 T cells was constructed and calibrated. It describes the activation of the intracellular Type I interferon (IFN-I) response and the IFN-induced suppression of viral replication. The model includes viral replication inhibition by interferon-induced antiviral factors and their inactivation by the viral proteins Vpu and Vif. Both deterministic and stochastic model formulations are presented. The stochastic model was used to predict efficiency of IFN-I-induced suppression of viral replication in different initial conditions for autocrine and paracrine effects. The probability of virion excretion for various MOIs and various amounts of IFN-I was evaluated and the statistical properties of the heterogeneity of HIV-1 and IFN-I production characterised.
Dual Infection of Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E Virus— What Is Known?
Authors: Sayed Ibrahim M.
Published: January 2023

Viral hepatitis is an infection of human hepatocytes resulting in liver damage. Dual infection of two hepatotropic viruses affects disease outcomes. The hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are two enterically transmitted viruses; they are single-stranded RNA viruses and have common modes of transmission. They are transmitted mainly by the fecal-oral route and ingestion of contaminated food, though the HAV has no animal reservoirs. The HAV and HEV cause acute self-limiting disease; however, the HEV, but not HAV, can progress to chronic and extrahepatic infections. The HAV/HEV dual infection was reported among acute hepatitis patients present in developing countries. The impact of the HAV/HEV on the prognosis for acute hepatitis is not completely understood. Studies showed that the HAV/HEV dual infection increased abnormalities in the liver leading to fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) with a higher mortality rate compared to infection with a single virus. On the other hand, other reports showed that the clinical symptoms of the HAV/HEV dual infection were comparable to symptoms associated with the HAV or HEV monoinfection. This review highlights the modes of transmission, the prevalence of the HAV/HEV dual infection in various countries and among several study subjects, the possible outcomes of this dual infection, potential model systems for studying this dual infection, and methods of prevention of this dual infection and its associated complications.
Comparison of PB1-F2 Proximity Interactomes Reveals Functional Differences between a Human and an Avian Influenza Virus
Authors: Mettier Joëlle , Prompt Clémentine , Bruder Elise , Da Costa Bruno , Chevalier Christophe , Le Goffic Ronan
Published: January 2023

Most influenza viruses express the PB1-F2 protein which is regarded as a virulence factor. However, PB1-F2 behaves differently in avian and mammalian hosts, suggesting that this protein may be involved in the species barrier crossings regularly observed in influenza viruses. To better understand the functions associated with this viral protein, we decided to compare the BioID2-derived proximity interactome of a human PB1-F2 from an H3N2 virus with that of an avian PB1-F2 from an H7N1 strain. The results obtained reveal that the two proteins share only a few interactors and thus common functions. The human virus protein is mainly involved in signaling by Rho GTPases while the avian virus protein is mainly involved in ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis. PB1-F2 H3N2 interactors include several members of the 14-3-3 protein family, a family of regulatory proteins involved in many signaling pathways. We then validated the interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and were able to show that the association of H3N2-PB1-F2 with YWHAH increased the activity of the antiviral sensor MDA5, while H7N1-PB1-F2 had no effect. Collectively, these results show that PB1-F2 can associate with a large range of protein complexes and exert a wide variety of functions. Furthermore, PB1-F2 interactome differs according to the avian or human origin of the protein.
An Old Acquaintance: Could Adenoviruses Be Our Next Pandemic Threat?
Authors: Saint-Pierre Contreras Gustavo , Conei Valencia Daniel , Lizama Luis , Vargas Zuñiga Daniela , Avendaño Carvajal Luis Fidel , Ampuero Llanos Sandra
Published: January 2023

Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are one of the most important pathogens detected in acute respiratory diseases in pediatrics and immunocompromised patients. In 1953, Wallace Rowe described it for the first time in oropharyngeal lymphatic tissue. To date, more than 110 types of HAdV have been described, with different cellular tropisms. They can cause respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, even urinary tract inflammation, although most infections are asymptomatic. However, there is a population at risk that can develop serious and even lethal conditions. These viruses have a double-stranded DNA genome, 25–48 kbp, 90 nm in diameter, without a mantle, are stable in the environment, and resistant to fat-soluble detergents. Currently the diagnosis is made with lateral flow immunochromatography or molecular biology through a polymerase chain reaction. This review aimed to highlight the HAdV variability and the pandemic potential that a HAdV3 and 7 recombinant could have considering the aggressive outbreaks produced in health facilities. Herein, we described the characteristics of HAdV, from the infection to treatment, vaccine development, and the evaluation of the social determinants of health associated with HAdV, suggesting the necessary measures for future sanitary control to prevent disasters such as the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, with an emphasis on the use of recombinant AdV vaccines to control other potential pandemics.
The D405N Mutation in the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 Inhibits Spike/Integrins Interaction and Viral Infection of Human Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Bugatti Antonella , Filippini Federica , Messali Serena , Giovanetti Marta , Ravelli Cosetta , Zani Alberto , Ciccozzi Massimo , Caruso Arnaldo , Caccuri Francesca
Published: January 2023

Severe COVID-19 is characterized by angiogenic features, such as intussusceptive angiogenesis, endothelialitis, and activation of procoagulant pathways. This pathological state can be ascribed to a direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lung ECs. Recently, we showed the capability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect ACE2-negative primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HL-mECs). This occurred through the interaction of an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif, endowed on the Spike protein at position 403–405, with αvβ3 integrin expressed on HL-mECs. HL-mEC infection promoted the remodeling of cells toward a pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic phenotype. The RGD motif is distinctive of SARS-CoV-2 Spike proteins up to the Omicron BA.1 subvariant. Suddenly, a dominant D405N mutation was expressed on the Spike of the most recently emerged Omicron BA.2, BA.4, and BA.5 subvariants. Here we demonstrate that the D405N mutation inhibits Omicron BA.5 infection of HL-mECs and their dysfunction because of the lack of Spike/integrins interaction. The key role of ECs in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis has been definitively proven. Evidence of mutations retrieving the capability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect HL-mECs highlights a new scenario for patients infected with the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, suggesting that they may display less severe disease manifestations than those observed with previous variants.
Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ortiz-Saavedra Brando , Montes-Madariaga Elizbet , Cabanillas-Ramirez Cielo , Alva Niza , Ricardo-Martínez Alex , León-Figueroa Darwin , Barboza Joshuan , Mohanty Aroop , Padhi Bijaya , Sah Ranjit
Published: January 2023

The most recent monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak is mostly affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) who participate in high-risk sexual behaviors, which is typically the case among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers, according to clinical and epidemiological statistics. The objective of this research is to determine the epidemiological situation of HIV and smallpox co-infection. Until 1 October 2022, a thorough evaluation of the literature was conducted utilizing the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were evaluated based on the criteria for selection. Fifty-three studies met the selection criteria. A total of 6345 confirmed cases of monkeypox were recorded, and 40.32% (n = 2558) of these cases also had HIV co-infection. In addition, 51.36% (n = 3259) of the men (91.44%; n = 5802), whose ages ranged from 18 to 71 years, exhibited MSM-specific sexual behaviors. Co-infection with these two viruses can be especially dangerous because it can exacerbate the symptoms of both diseases and make them more difficult to treat. People with HIV are more vulnerable to certain infections, including monkeypox, because their immune systems are weakened. Therefore, it is important that they take measures to prevent infection, such as avoiding contact with infected animals, risky behaviors, and maintaining good hygiene.
Economic Cost of Drought and Potential Benefits of Investing in Nature-Based Solutions: A Case Study in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Ciasca Bruna Stein , Klemz Claudio , Raepple Justus , Kroeger Timm , Acosta Eileen Andrea P. , Cho Se Jong , Barreto Samuel , Bracale Henrique , Cesário Fernando
Published: January 2023

Despite its rich water resources, Brazil is increasingly facing extreme hydrologic events such as droughts and floods. The Sao Paulo Cantareira water supply system (CWSS) offers an opportunity to examine the potential economic benefits of nature-based solutions (NbS) to improve water security and reduce the economic cost of drought. This study explores the potential benefits under a counterfactual NbS land-use scenario compared to actual land use and assesses the economic viability of NbS investments in the CWSS. Specifically, we estimate the economic cost of the 2014–2015 drought in Sao Paulo state for the industrial and water sectors served by the CWSS. We estimate the potential avoided costs under the NbS scenario and conduct a cost–benefit analysis of the NbS scenario investments, including both water supply and carbon sequestration benefits. We estimate that the economic losses of this single drought event totaled BRL 1.6 billion. If NbS had been implemented, this cost could have been reduced by 28%. A cost–benefit analysis that includes only the water supply or both the water supply and carbon sequestration benefits indicates that the NbS scenario has a positive net present value of BRL 144 million and BRL 632 million, respectively. Thus, our results highlight the economic viability of the hypothetical NbS investment in mitigating extreme climatic events.
A Simple Method to Assess Key Soil Hydraulic Properties
Authors: Alaoui Abdallah
Published: January 2023

We devised a simple infiltrometer to easily assess soil infiltration capacity and key soil hydraulic properties considering the impact of soil structure on soil infiltration. We conducted two series of five in situ infiltration experiments each on undisturbed forest and grassland soil of contrasting bulk densities and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), and one on six soil columns with mineral soil and various textures without structure. Finally, we measured Ks, saturated water content and the van Genuchten parameters of these soils. Based on the obtained results, we found the best correlations to be exponential correlations between clay content and infiltrated water volume on the one hand and between clay content and the hydraulic properties on the other hand in all cases. Considering the infiltrated volume obtained by the infiltrometer and the measured soil parameters in mineral soil columns as references, we hypothesized that any change in hydraulic parameters of the natural soil is proportional to the change in infiltration volume. Thus, a second term accounting for water volume changes was therefore included in the correlation equations. The first validations of Ks values in forest soil showed good agreement with the laboratory measurements. Further investigations are needed to extend our validation to other soils with various textures.
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for Private Wells in Flood-Impacted Areas
Authors: Gitter Anna , Boellstorff Diane E. , Mena Kristina D. , Gholson Drew M. , Pieper Kelsey J. , Chavarria Carlos A. , Gentry Terry J.
Published: January 2023

Microbial contamination of private well systems continues to be a prominent drinking water concern, especially for areas impacted by floodwaters. Hurricane Harvey deposited nearly 60 inches of rain, resulting in extensive flooding throughout Houston, Texas, and neighboring counties. A sampling campaign to test private wells for fecal indicator bacteria was initiated in the weeks following flooding. Escherichia coli concentrations measured in wells were utilized in a quantitative microbial risk assessment to estimate the risk of infection for both drinking water and indirect ingestion exposure scenarios. Derived reference pathogen doses indicated that norovirus (1.60 × 10−4 to 8.32 × 10−5) and Cryptosporidium (2.37–7.80 × 10−6) posed the greatest health risk via drinking, with median health risk estimates exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s modified daily risk threshold of 1 × 10−6 for a gastrointestinal infection. Bathing (1.78 × 10−6), showering (4.32 × 10−7), and food/dish washing (1.79 × 10−6) were also identified to be exposure pathways of health concern. A post-flood microbial risk assessment of private wells in the Gulf Coast has not previously been conducted. Estimating these health risks can provide scientifically supported guidance regarding which well water practices are safest, especially when well water quality is unknown. Developing this guidance is critical as coastal communities experience increased vulnerability to flooding.
Trend Analysis of Selected Hydroclimatic Variables for the Hornad Catchment (Slovakia)
Authors: Kubiak-Wójcicka Katarzyna , Nagy Patrik , Pilarska Agnieszka , Zeleňáková Martina
Published: January 2023

This study examines the trends in air temperature, precipitation and flow rates over a 50-year observation period (1961–2010) and compares two periods, 1961–1985 and 1986–2010. The research was carried out in terms of annual and monthly values. The research area is the Hornad River in Slovakia. The main aim of the study was to examine the evolution of precipitation, air temperature and flows in the Hornad River catchment area, as well as to identify the regions (sub-catchments) most vulnerable to climate change. Increasing trends in air temperature in the years 1961–2010 were found to be statistically significant (the Sen’s slope was between 0.0197 and 0.0239). On the other hand, a statistically significant downward trend in flows was recorded only at the Stratená station (a small mountain catchment, where the Sen’s slope was −0.0063). The remaining upward and downward trends were not statistically significant. Greater differences in the course of the trends were recorded on a monthly basis in individual multi-years. Increasing trends in air temperature were statistically significant from May to August in the period 1961–2010. No trends in precipitation were recorded in the period 1961–2010, and only an upward trend in precipitation was recorded in June from 1986–2010.
Parametrization of Eddy Mass Transport in the Arctic Seas Based on the Sensitivity Analysis of Large-Scale Flows
Authors: Platov Gennady , Iakshina Dina , Golubeva Elena
Published: January 2023

The characteristics of eddy mass transport are estimated depending on the values of the parameters of a large-scale flow that forms under the conditions of the shelf seas in the Arctic. For this, the results of numerical simulation of the Kara Sea with a horizontal resolution permitting the development of mesoscale eddies are used. The multiple realizations of eddy mass flux resulting from a numerical experiment are considered as a statistical sample and are analyzed using methods of sensitivity study and clustering of sample elements. Functional dependencies are obtained that are closest to the simulated distributions of quantities. These expressions make it possible, within the framework of large-scale models, to evaluate the characteristics of the cross-isobathic eddy mass transport in the diffusion approximation with a counter-gradient flux. Numerical experiments using the SibCIOM model showed that areas along the Fram branch of the Atlantic waters trajectory in the Arctic as well as the shelf of the East Siberian and Laptev seas with adjacent deep water areas are most sensitive to the proposed parametrization of eddy exchanges. Accounting for counter-gradient eddy fluxes turned out to be less important.
Water-Quality Prediction Based on H2O AutoML and Explainable AI Techniques
Authors: Madni Hamza Ahmad , Umer Muhammad , Ishaq Abid , Abuzinadah Nihal , Saidani Oumaima , Alsubai Shtwai , Hamdi Monia , Ashraf Imran
Published: January 2023

Rapid expansion of the world’s population has negatively impacted the environment, notably water quality. As a result, water-quality prediction has arisen as a hot issue during the last decade. Existing techniques fall short in terms of good accuracy. Furthermore, presently, the dataset available for analysis contains missing values; these missing values have a significant effect on the performance of the classifiers. An automated system for water-quality prediction that deals with the missing values efficiently and achieves good accuracy for water-quality prediction is proposed in this study. To handle the accuracy problem, this study makes use of the stacked ensemble H2O AutoML model; to handle the missing values, this study makes use of the KNN imputer. Moreover, the performance of the proposed system is compared to that of seven machine learning algorithms. Experiments are performed in two scenarios: removing missing values and using the KNN imputer. The contribution of each feature regarding prediction is explained using SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations). Results reveal that the proposed stacked model outperforms other models with 97% accuracy, 96% precision, 99% recall, and 98% F1-score for water-quality prediction.
Changes in clinical and neuropsychological parameters in children with chiasmal-sellar tumors operated on via endoscopic transsphenoidal and transcranial approaches
Authors:   1Federal State Budgetary Institution «Almazov National Medical Research Centre» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Burmistrova A. V. , Shmeleva O. O. ,   1Federal State Budgetary Institution «Almazov National Medical Research Centre» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Bart V. A. ,   1Federal State Budgetary Institution «Almazov National Medical Research Centre» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Cherebillo V. Yu. ,   2Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Khachatryan W. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «Almazov National Medical Research Centre» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: January 2023

The aim of the research was to study changes in clinical and neuropsychological deficits in children with neoplasms of the chiasmal-sellar region (CSR) operated on via transcranial and endoscopic transsphenoidal approaches. The analysis of clinical and neuropsychological examination and surgical treatment of 24 children with CSR tumors was carried out. Two leading neuropsychological symptom complexes in children with CSR neoplasms were identified. Changes in neuropsychological parameters in children with CSR neoplasms during the studied observation period do not directly depend on the volume of the tumor. In the early postoperative period, timely correction of the identified fluid and electrolyte disorders is necessary for better recovery of the patient’s neuropsychological deficit. The preservation of cognitive functions in children after the removal of a CSR neoplasm is influenced not so much by the volume of the tumor or surgical access, as by the gentle technique of the operation.
Genre et citoyenneté en Italie
Authors: Bimbi Franca
Published: January 2023

Women's Citizenship and the Welfare State Cultures in Italy.

The essay tries to analyse the different phases of women's citizenship in Italy between the post-Second World War period to the forthcoming unification of Europe. It intends to show that over the past fifty years there has been an important change in the ethics of the "gift relationship". From being a model for female identity and a paradigm for solidarity within the family, it has become an important value in the public sphere -thanks to policies of social justice and the development of the right of citizenship. The present phase can be read in two different -but not mutually exclusive -ways. The transformations of the family and the women's presence in political institutions seems to guarantee some important prerogatives for womens. At the same time, the prospect of economic and political crisis brings out the deep contradiction between the promotion of gender equality, the unemployment trends and the New-Right approach to the Welfare state.
I. Le cas des fonctionnaires et des agents à statut réglementaire des entreprises publiques
Authors: Fortino Sabine
Published: January 2023

A partir de trois études empiriques réalisées dans diverses organisations du secteur public français, l’auteur montre dans ce texte quelques-unes des évolutions très contemporaines de la division sexuelle du travail. L’observation de ces évolutions comme de la situation faite aux femmes, dans un milieu social davantage «protégé » que le secteur privé, révèle trois grands paradoxes que S. Fortino va successivement explorer : une mixité sociale des effectifs de ce secteur inégalement atteinte ou aléatoire ; une mixité sans égalité entre les sexes ; enfin, à travers l’exemple de la formation scolaire et continue, de son utilisation par les fonctionnaires et agents féminins à statuts réglementaires... la reproduction -modifiée et déplacée -de la division sexuelle du travail. En filigrane, la question que pose ce texte est d’actualité et ce, non seulement pour le champ du travail, mais pour le champ politique aussi. A quoi servent le droit, les règles négociées collectivement quand, malgré l’arsenal législatif et juridique existant, survivent et se perpétuent des pratiques discriminatoires visant à contourner ces mêmes règles collectives, voire à s’y substituer ?
Peur, amour et technique : ambiguïtés et ambivalences des femmes
Authors: Berg Anne-Jorunn
Published: January 2023

Les femmes sont peu visibles dans les techniques de l'information et de la communication. Mais peut-on expliquer cette invisibilité par leur peur de la technique ? C'est en tout cas une explication souvent admise dans les débats publics. Cet article présente l'étude détaillée du récit que fait une femme de son expérience avec le Minitel. Il semblerait, à première vue, que la crainte est bien ce qu'elle éprouve dans sa relation avec la technique. Pourtant, une analyse minutieuse de ses interactions avec la technique dans le contexte de la vie quotidienne montre que le concept de peur est inadéquat. À son tour, cette analyse met en lumière la question de la méthodologie : comment faut-il explorer la complexité ? En effet, la façon dont cette femme décrit ses liens avec un certain nombre de techniques révèle la complexité du rapport existant entre le genre et la technique, de leur enchevêtrement. Il est particulièrement intéressant de voir comment elle négocie les significations de ce rapport. L'analyse du récit de son expérience avec la technique me conduit à développer les implications théoriques du déterminisme technologique dans la construction du genre comme différence.
Les paradoxes de la mondialisation
Authors: Hirata Helena Sumiko , Le Doaré Hélène
Published: January 2023

Ce texte montre d’abord, par la présentation de ce numéro, comment la prise en considération des rapports sociaux de sexe/genre ouvre deux directions d’analyse : 1) défiance et critique-déconstruction du concept de mondialisation ; 2) essai de réflexion sur ce que signifie le contexte actuel dénommé «mondialisation» pour le travail et l’emploi des femmes, mais aussi pour leurs mouvements sociaux et même pour... la pensée féministe aujourd’hui. Il présente ensuite deux textes dont le statut, très différent, témoigne de l’esprit dans lequel ce numéro a été conçu - l’intégration de points de vue divers -, l’un portant sur les mutations actuelles du travail et de l’emploi (H. Hirata) et l’autre portant sur les mouvements sociaux (H. Le Doaré).
Entre l'Église, l'usine et la famille. Histoire de vie d'une ouvrière coréenne
Authors: Jeon Seok-Hyoun , Kergoat Danièle
Published: January 2023

Cet entretien a été effectué dans le cadre d'une thèse portant sur les trajectoires professionnelles et familiales des ouvriers et des ouvrières en Corée du Sud. Il s'agit ici d'une jeune femme de trente-trois ans, mère d'un petit garçon et enceinte de sept mois. Elle vit à Séoul, mariée à un ouvrier, elle est elle-même ouvrière dans l'électronique (la même usine) depuis quinze ans. Nous avons dû effectuer des coupes dans cette histoire de vie mais nous avons essayé de garder les traits saillants d'une industrie qui, pour nous, rappelle le XIX e siècle (les dortoirs ouvriers par exemple) et le libéralisme économique le plus avancé (délocalisations, sous-traitance, travail à flux tendu). Simultanément, nous avons tenté de conserver, malgré les coupes nécessaires (l'entretien a duré trois heures, s’est déroulé en deux temps, a été difficile), l'évolution du rapport au travail chez cette femme, la simultanéité, chez un même individu, de ce qui nous paraît être un ordre ancien (division sexuelle du travail, famille, culte des ancêtres) et de la modernité (électronique mais aussi aide ménagère du mari). A souligner enfin que cette femme n'est d'aucune façon un «cas » pour un lecteur coréen : une autre façon de nous interroger sur mondialisation et rapports sociaux de sexe, sur évolution et pérennité de la division sexuelle du travail.