bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health expenditure, life expectancy, fertility rate, CO2 emissions and economic growth Do public, private and external health expenditure matter
Authors: sabra Mahmoud
Published: January 2023

This article aims to detect empirically, the nexus dynamic interrelationships between health expenditure, totally and disaggregated, economic growth, fertility rate, life expectancy and CO2 emissions in six middle-income MENA countries, namely, (Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, and Tunisia), during 2000 to 2019. We employ an advanced econometric technique, Dynamic Panel Data system analysis, which allows estimating time rarely variant variables. Article results show a significant and robust positive association between health expenditure and economic growth, in one hand, and negative associations between economic growth and all which of, fertility rate, life expectancy and CO2 emissions, on the other hand. Moreover, a negative nexus between fertility rate and life expectancy has been detected. Public, private and external health expenditure affect economic growth positively and significantly, meanwhile affect fertility rate negatively, except health public expenditure, which seems to encourage fertility rate. This indicates that disaggregated health expenditure matters for examination. Furthermore, negative impact of CO2 emissions on growth and life expectancy can crowd out health expenditure positive impacts on both growth and life expectancy. A series of recommendations have been introduced such as increasing health share in public spending, and for more effective government health expenditure and control pollution and CO2 emissions. Furthermore, health spending, policies and system has to function as well to mitigate impacts of high fertility, in marginalized, rural and fungible population and areas. This article shines a light on the notable issues in the area, whereas high fertility rate, limited government health expenditure, high employment and low awareness for pollution and environment degradation.
The Effect of Athletic Mental Energy on Psychological Skills and Attitudes toward Soccer
Authors: İslam Ahmet
Published: January 2023

For optimal performance in soccer, high-level technical, tactical, and physical competencies are required, but they are not enough. Research shows that successful athletes apply psychological skills for high performance and need the presence of psychological aspects in sports. In this context, in addition to physical characteristics in soccer, psychological aspects should also be at a high level and in a solid structure. Therefore, the training of mental processes is very important in soccer. This paper explored whether soccer players’ athletic mental energy (AME) mediated their psychological skills in soccer (PSIS) and attitudes toward soccer (ATS). It established a hypothetical model examined by means of the Sobel test. The sample was composed of 295 soccer players from the Turkish 2021-22 soccer leagues. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Soccer Psychological Skills Scale-16 (SPSIS-16), the Soccer Attitude Scale (SAS-26), and the Athletic Mental Energy Scale (AMES). Participants’ ATS were positively correlated with their AME and PSIS. Their AME was positively correlated with their PSIS. Moreover, AME mediated PSIS and ATS. The findings verified the model. Trainers and coaches must brief soccer players about the relationship between AME, PSIS, and ATS. The theoretical model will bring innovation to the field of sports sciences, pave the way for further research, and will contribute to the literature.
Optimizing the planning of crop transformation to adapt to climate change in Ninh Phuoc district, Ninh Thuan province
Authors:   Faculty of Land and Real Estate Management, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Ngo Thuy M. , Le Triet M. ,   Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Loi K.
Published: January 2023

Optimizing agricultural land use plans to suit natural conditions, economic development, and environmental protection, especially adaptation to climate change has scientific and practical significance. In this paper, we proposed an optimal crop structure transformation plan according to economic, social and environmental objectives based on using a multi-objective linear planning model and GIS technology. The multi-objective linear planning model supported the determination of the optimal land used structure and GIS technology, assisting the planner in the spatial arrangement of land use. This study was carried out in Ninh Phuoc district, Ninh Thuan province. The results obtained imply high practical significance and could expand the research scale for the whole Ninh Thuan province and other localities with similar conditions.
The Challenges for Implementation of Policies Causing A Delay in Mass Immunization Against Covid-19: A Cross Sectional Qualitative Study
Authors: Amjad Areeb , Anwar Asfar , Ali Shujaat , Waseem Farah , Khan Hadia , Hidayat Mariyah
Published: January 2023

Objective: To investigate the policy barriers leading to hindrance in mass immunization of Covid-19 in Pakistan. Study design: A cross-sectional qualitative study was Duration of study: study was conducted from October 2021 to April 2022 Place of study: was conducted on 106 individuals at 4 vaccination centers of Lahore, including Expo center, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and research center (PKLI), Lahore Developmental Authority (LDA) sports complex, Railway dispensary Model Town. Methodology: It covered interviews, focus group discussions and filling in of semi- structured questionnaires from the general public visiting the vaccination center. Individual interviews of hospital administrators and focused group interviews of general public visiting various hospitals of Lahore, including Jinnah Hospital, Services hospital, Lady Wallington hospital and University of Lahore Teaching Hospital were also included in this study. The data obtained was transcribed and analyzed by using SPSS software version 21. The theme we chose was Politically Informed Views and the subthemes were common hurdles, common myths, different vaccine brands, lack of awareness and conspiracy theories. Results: The results were significant (P<0.05) with the levels of different variables as: Common hurdles 41%; Common myth 25%; Religious Aspects 17%; Different brands 7% ; Lack of awareness 10% respectively. Each variable showed a remarkable difference from considered standard SOPs. Conclusion: To increase the vaccination drive, proper implementation of the already established government policies, with better surveillance and monitoring of the vaccine centers is required. Awareness among the general population should also be increased to debunk myths and motivate them. Keywords: COVID-19, vaccination, immunization, Sino-pharm, Sino-vac.
Validation of Levels of Decorin as A Reliable Biomarker of Osteoarthritis: Comparison of Serum and Synovial Fluid Levels
Authors: Anwar Rizwan , Habib Bilal , Mustafa Yasir , Kazi Asma , Farooq Omer , Nishat Mufassar
Published: January 2023

Objective: The proteoglycan decorin, which plays an important part in the aetiology of osteoarthritis as well as a role in the binding of collagen, was the focus of this study's background information and objectives (OA). This investigation was carried out with the objectives of determining the levels of decorin in the blood and synovial fluid of patients who suffered from knee OA and determining whether or not these levels had a correlation with OA and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) score. Place of Study: Islam medical college Sialkot Duration: December 2021 to May 2022 Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 60 persons were enrolled in the study and control groups: 30 people with knee osteoarthritis and 30 people with other knee sjoint problems. For the purpose of determining how well the knee functions, the WOMAC score was utilised.Both the levels of decorin in the blood and the levels of decorin in the synovial fluid were analysed by means of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We used a technique known as binary logistic regression, which contained both a single and a multi-categorical predictor, in order to evaluate the potential risk factors for OA. This allowed us to determine which characteristics would increase the likelihood of developing OA. Results: It was discovered that the levels of serum decorin in the group that was diagnosed with OA were statistically and considerably higher than the levels found in the group that acted as the control (P 0.001). There was not a significant difference in the amounts of decorin found in synovial fluid between those who had OA and the control group. WOMAC score (OR)=1.073, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.032-1.116, P<0 .001 This association between OA and high serum decorin levels was shown to be statistically significant (OR=1.114, 95%CI: 1.030–1.205, P=0.007). OA was demonstrated to be strongly linked with high serum decorin levels. There was shown to be a positive association between the levels of serum decorin and the WOMAC score in patients who had OA. Conclusions: An increase in serum decorin levels may be indicative of changes in the structure of the extracellular matrix.The fact that there is a positive connection between the serum decorin level and the WOMAC score lends credence to the previous assertion that this conclusion is correct. It was found that having a higher WOMAC score and having higher serum decorin levels are both risk factors associated with osteoarthritis (OA). On the other hand, there was no link found between osteoarthritis and the amount of decorin found in the joint fluid.
Comparative Biochemical Investigations of Over Doze Diazepam in Albino Rats. An Experimental Forensic Study
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Rana Mohsana Urooj , Shahid Amna , Anwar Azra , Ali Muhammad Ikram , Saqib Alina , Qureshi Javed Anver , Shuja Naveed , Shuja Arslan
Published: January 2023

Objective: The aims and objectives of current study was to identify the consequences of over doze Diazepam in biological system. Study Design: It is an experimental Forensic Study in which biological effects of over doze of Diazepam was measured on Albino Rats. Place and Duration of study: Present study was conducted in animal house of Lahore Medical & Dental College. Experimental Albino Rats were purchase from the University of Lahore. Time of duration of this study was 3 month from 20, March 2022 to June 2022. Methodology: Total 20 male albino Rats of approximately 100 gm of weight were selected and divided them into four different groups. In Group A, 5 individuals were control while in group B, group C and group D, there were 5 rats in each group and they were treated orally with 0.2mg/kg, 03mg/kg and 0.4mg/kg Diazepam respectively. Blood pH, serum Creatinine, serum Bicarbonate serum ALT and AST levels were measured after 10, 20 and 30 days of intervals of time. Blood sample were collected from tail in container after centrifugation. Results: Significant (P≤0.05) changes were seen in serum Creatinine, serum Bicarbonate, and serum Alanine transaminase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels of study groups after 30 days than 10 and 20 days. Maximum variations were seen in group-D (1.5±0.01, 42.01±0.02, 47.01±0.04, 49.05±0.01, 7.40±0.02), (1.5±0.01, 47.01±0.02, 101.01±0.04, 139.05±0.01, 7.40±0.02) and (0.6±0.04, 20.10±0.01, 10.02±0.02, 14.01±0.01, 7.35±0.04) as compared with control. Conclusion: In this study it was concluded that over dose of Diazepam caused hepatic toxicity by increasing serum ALT and AST levels and reduces glucose levels. The hepatic toxicity and hypoglycemia may cause death. In study groups the serum Creatinine, serum Bicarbonate levels also showed a significant (P≤0.05) variation in study groups as compared with control. Keywords: Diazepam, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine transaminase, Creatinine, Bicarbonate, hypoglycemia
Determining Social Intelligence of Dental Students ar Various “Academic Levels by Trosmo Social Intelligence Scale”
Authors: Ali Hina , Imtiaz Muhammad , Mehmood Khizer , Manji Salima Naveed , Khanum Afshan
Published: January 2023

Background/Introduction: Social intelligence is of great importance in the life of health care professionals because it is a significant factor of prediction and interpretation of human behavior in various contexts of social and clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to determine social intelligence of dental students at various academic levels by Trosmo Social Intelligence scale. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at various dental colleges of Pakistan. Re-validated Trosmo social intelligence questionnaires were distributed to undergraduate dental students to assess their social intelligence at various academic levels. Likert scale was used to assess the opinions and attitudes of the respondents. Results: The study consisted of 403 participants, of which 129 (32%) were male and 236 (58.6%) were female. The minimum age of the respondents was 18 and 28 being the maximum. The average values of social intelligence at various academic levels are as follows: 1.944 for BDS 1, 1.980 for BDS 2, 1.87 for BDS 3, 2.053 for BDS 4, respectively. Nor growth in all three component of social intelligence was identified. Conclusion: There is insignificant change in social intelligence of students at various academic levels and no significant link is found between the three dimensions of social intelligence and the upgrading academic levels, which is concerning. Keywords: Social intelligence; academic levels; TROSMO scale; dental students, social skills, clinical practice, healthcare, human behavior, professionalism, curriculum
Diagnostic Accuracy of Hyomental Distance Ratio (HMDR) for Prediction of Difficult Laryngoscopy in Patients Undergoing Surgery Under General Anesthesia Using Tracheal Intubation
Authors: Ashraf Samina , Ahmed Taoseef , Khurshid Hana , Ahmed Qadeer , Khan Kiran Riaz , Aslam Tayyeba
Published: January 2023

Background: To keep the airway open, a flexible plastic tube (ETT) is inserted into the trachea during tracheal intubation. Even when done correctly, tracheal intubation requires much clinical experience, and catastrophic problems can occur. Mandibular space has been estimated using hyomental distance (HMD), although HMD has only been found to provide a limited amount of diagnostic accuracy on its own. In order to determine how well the Hyomental Distance Ratio (HMDR) predicts difficult laryngoscopy, we conducted this study. Objectives: Using the Cormack and Lehane classification as the gold standard, the objective is to assess the diagnostic validity of the Hyomental Distance Ratio (HMDR) for the prediction of challenging laryngoscopy in patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia. Materials & Methods: The department of anesthesiology and the general surgery operating rooms at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital in Lahore conducted this cross-sectional study over the course of six months in 2015–2016. The approach of non-probability purposive sampling was applied. Informed consent was acquired, and patient demographics were recorded. The researcher herself then assessed patients for HDMR. In order to determine if a patient had a difficult or normal laryngoscopy, HDMR was determined. After that, the researcher performed a laryngoscopy on the patients. If the vocal cords were visible, the mouth was opened, and the case was assessed using the Cormack and Lehane classification (CL), with easy or difficult laryngoscopy being designated. SPSS version 20 was used to enter and analyse all of the data. Results: The patients in our study had a mean age of 43.23 11.63 years and a male to female ratio of 1.5:1. In this study, 43.91% of patients had an HDR difficult intubation. HDR's difficult intubation has a sensitivity of 95.05%, a specificity of 96.12%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 95.65% when using CL as the gold standard. Practical Implication: According to this study, this strategy can be applied accurately in other hospitals. Government should establish guidelines for using the most trustworthy techniques as the benchmark in healthcare settings. Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, the HMDR is a viable diagnostic tool for anticipating challenging laryngoscopy in patients having general anaesthesia with tracheal intubation. According to this study, this strategy can be applied accurately in other hospitals. Government should establish guidelines for using the most trustworthy techniques as the benchmark in healthcare settings. Keywords: Laryngoscopy, difficult intubation, Cormack Classification, difficult surgery
Information Dissemination during COVID-19 Pandemic among Postgraduate Allied Health Sciences Students in Pakistan
Authors: Jabeen Misbah , Shahjahan Muhammad , Farid Ghulam
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study determines the information dissemination during the Covid-19 pandemic and examine the impact on the educational activity of postgraduate students in Allied Health Sciences institute in Pakistan. Methodology: Present quantitative study is based on survey method that was carried out to assess the effectiveness of information dissemination during Covid-19 pandemic among postgraduate allied health science students in different universities in Lahore Pakistan. Finding: The response rate of the study remained 80%. Majority of users, about 69.5% (n=66) students responded that they did not have challenges in information dissemination during Covid-19, while 30.5% (n=29) students respond that the information was poor. Respondents of the study found highly satisfied with the efficiency of library on providing e-services during Covid-19 (P-Value = 0.487). usability of libraries in information dissemination in which 74 (78%) responded that libraries provide access to reliable and trustworthy Covid-19 pandemic information via different media. 75(79%) students are agreed on providing awareness sensitization on how to restrain the spread of Covid-19 pandemic, online and offline services provided by libraries to allied health science students, challenges faced by libraries in the dissemination of information 77 (81%) Students respond that there is inadequate skills and knowledge of utilizing the Internet resources and services. The recommendations of the study might be beneficial to enhance the effectiveness of resources and services of universities libraries. Keywords: University Library; Library Website; Library User; Covid-19 Pandemic; Information Dissemination; Information Technology; Post Graduate Allied Health Science, Students.
Physician’s Knowledge and Skill to Complete the Certificate of Cause of Death According to who Guidelines A Survey Among the Doctors of A Tertiary Care Hospital at Lahore\
Authors: Maqsood Muhammad , Maqsood Faizan , Bashir M. Zahid , Dawood Muhammad , Butt M. Kashif , Khattak Umaima Manzoor
Published: January 2023

Background: The medical document certifying the cause of death provides vital data to develop health policies. In spite of very comprehensive guidelines issued by the WHO for thecompletion of death certificates; very few certificate arefound errorfree which might be due to lack of knowledge and practice on the part of physicians issuing that certificate.Purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and competencies of a doctor in completing a death certificate. Methods: This study was cross-sectional. The population of this study was physicians of a tertiary care hospital of Lahore. A structured questionnaire along with a case scenario was given to 137 physicians having variable working experiences, performing in different clinical departments of a tertiary care hospital of Lahore.The participants were asked to complete the component of cause of death of the certificateonly. The percentage of omissions done by the doctors during the completion of said section was analyzed using the chi square test to establish the association between participant’s characteristics and their relevant responses. Results: Among 137participants working in different clinical departments of a Tertiary Care Hospital at Lahore, 89% were having less than 5 years’ experience and 11% having more than 5 years’ experience. 53% were qualified from public sector, 24% from private sector and 23% from foreign institutes. 77% doctors identified immediate cause of death incorrectly, 83 % did not identify and interpret underlying cause of death correctly; 90 % did notidentify contributory cause of death correctly. In46 % cases mechanism/mode of death was confused with the cause of death. Practical Implication: The correct completion of death certificates would provide an accurate and genuine mortality index essential for framing a national health policy. Conclusion: Physician’s knowledge and skill of completing the death certificates is very deficient and alarming which necessitate periodical and regular training of the physicians on completing the death certificates as per guidelines of the WHO to get an appropriate and valid health statistics effective for future public national health policies and strategies. Keywords (MeSH): Death certificate completion, Medical certification of cause of death, Physician’s knowledge, skill to complete death certificate, Mortality index
Trends of Indications and Complications of Stoma in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Alam Prabej , Khan Rihan Aslam , Ali Mehwish , Qureshi Naeem Akhtar , Bhutto Amanullah , Rajar Ihsanullah , Shamim Zainab
Published: January 2023

Objective: To identify the indications and complications of the stoma. Methods: The study covered all patients who attended Outpatients department of General Surgery, Ziauddin Hospital in Karachi and met the inclusion criteria. After describing the study's process, hazards, and benefits, informed permission was obtained. The patients were followed after 4 weeks in the clinic and assessed for Indications (enteric perforation, intestinal tuberculosis, penetrating injury, intestinal obstruction, blunt abdominal trauma). Complications (excoriation, non-functioning stoma, retraction, prolapsed, stenosis of Stomas, wound infection). The proforma that is supplied at the end was filled out with all the acquired data and utilised electronically for research. Results: The mean age of patients was 38.5 ± 7.4 years and the body mass index was 26.8 ± 6.2 kg/m2. The most common indication for stoma was intestinal tuberculosis (41.0%) followed by enteric perforation (27%). The most common complications of stoma were non-functioning stoma (34.4%) followed by excoriation (23.9%). Stoma indication due to enteric perforation was significantly more common in patients aged between 16 and 40 years (p=0.003). Other indications were not significantly associated with age, BMI, and age. The rate of excoriation was 52 (20.1%) in patients with BMI of more than 24 kg/m2 which is significantly higher as compared to patients with lower BMI (p=0.029). The other complications were not significantly different between the age groups, BMI categories, and gender. Conclusion: The most frequent indications and consequences, respectively, were determined to be non-functioning stomas and intestinal tuberculosis. Reduced stoma development and related problems can be achieved with early detection and treatment of TB and enteric fever. Keywords: Indications, Complications, Stoma, Management, Intestinal Stoma, Ostomy, Colostomy
El ciclo de la exclusión farmacéutica: pandemias, vacunas y daños globales
Authors: Gómez Garmendia Jon
Published: January 2023

Hace dos décadas, en el número 23 de la presente revista se hizo pública la denuncia de Javier Martorell en torno al no acceso a los antirretrovirales para hacer frente a la pandemia del VIH/sida a finales del siglo xx y comienzos del siglo xxi. Una exclusión por la que países como Sudáfrica u organizaciones como Treatment Action Campaign se enfrentaron a las grandes farmacéuticas para garantizar el acceso a dichos medicamentos esenciales. En este texto, partiendo de la memoria de esta lucha, se pretende demostrar que todavía hoy, con una pandemia como la del COVID-19, los problemas y las desigualdades en el acceso siguen siendo identificables. Mientras pocos países acaparan una cantidad ingente de dosis, en África o Asia la disponibilidad es inferior.
Defender el territorio en tiempos de pandemia en México
Authors: Linsalata Lucía , Alvarado Pizaña Paulino , Hernández González Rodrigo Rubén
Published: January 2023

Para muchos pueblos y comunidades que habitan en suelo mexicano, la pandemia, resultado de la expansión del virus SARS-COV-2, ha significado penuria y zozobra, con la salud y la vida en vilo, pero también un tiempo de alerta y reorganización ante la profundización de las amenazas contra los territorios por parte del Gobierno nacional. Así ha sido para la Asamblea de Defensores del Territorio Maya Múuch’ Xíinbal, que hace frente al Tren Maya, y para el Frente de Pueblos en Defensa de la Tierra, el Agua, y el Aire de Morelos, Puebla y Tlaxcala (Fpdta-MPT), que resiste contra el Proyecto Integral Morelos (PIM). En las siguientes páginas esbozaremos una mirada sobre lo que la pandemia ha implicado para la lucha de ambas organizaciones.
Maternidad doble en México: cuidar la vida y el agua en el hogar en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Cruz Rosel María de los Ángeles
Published: January 2023

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha generado que las mujeres asuman el cuidado de otras personas y del agua debido al aumento de su uso por el lavado constante y la temporada de sequía en México. Los cuidados de las mujeres hacia la naturaleza se han analizado, por un lado, desde la noción apolítica de la ecomaternidad y, por otro, a partir de construcciones de género y de poder, como la división sexual del trabajo. El objetivo del artículo es aproximarse al cuidado y la gestión del agua en el hogar como labor sostenida por la ecomaternidad. Se argumenta que se refuerzan al invisibilizarlos en cifras y a través de medidas en apariencia neutras, y se sostiene que es necesario visibilizarlo como trabajo ambiental en el espacio doméstico.
La urgencia de la ética ambiental en tiempos del coronavirus: Una propuesta de la economía ecológica
Authors: Rosas Sánchez Gabriel Alberto
Published: January 2023

La pandemia provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 es una manifestación de la perturbación humana de los sistemas ecológicos. La falta de valoración ética de la naturaleza nos ha conducido a una crisis ambiental y sanitaria que exige respuestas a futuro. En este trabajo se plantea la necesidad de la ética ambiental como forma de conservar la vida del planeta frente al pragmatismo ecológico imperante. Para ello, se toma la economía ecológica como marco analítico, epistemológico y práctico que haga de la ética ambiental un principio de conservación de la humanidad y de cuidado ecológico que permita el desarrollo de alternativas económicas para la recuperación pospandémica.
Dificultades en tiempo de COVID para cumplir con la seguridad alimentaria en las escuelas municipales de São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Sales de Sousa Luana Gabriela , Hidalgo López Carelia Rayen
Published: January 2023

La pandemia ocasionada por el COVID-19 nos encontró inmersos en una crisis civilizatoria en la que el hambre y la pobreza continúan siendo un flagelo y una violación de los derechos humanos fundamentales, acrecentando la inseguridad alimentaria. En Brasil, los Gobiernos de los estados realizaron modificaciones para el cumplimiento del Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar (PNAE) en este tiempo de pandemia. Al analizar el cumplimiento de dicho compromiso en el estado de São Paulo, encontramos que la creciente crisis socioeconómica ha afectado al programa, que ya venía sufriendo insuficiencias presupuestarias, producto de una inflación acumulada que alcanzó casi el 10 por ciento en este periodo excepcional. Tuvieron lugar cambios legales para el traslado de recursos a los padres o responsables de los estudiantes, afectados también por el alto desempleo y que se enfrentan a los elevados precios de productos en compras detalladas. Concluimos que, ante la compleja situación sociopolítica y económica de Brasil, la necesaria existencia del PNAE requiere de ajustes para cumplir con el objetivo de desarrollo saludable de los estudiantes, además de con el propio derecho a la educación.
¿El COVID-19 cambió la percepción de la naturaleza? Un análisis de las representaciones sociales durante la pandemia en Argentina
Authors: van Aert Peter , Calvelo Laura , Marina D’Atri Andrea , Duarte de Medeiros Dulcinea , Romina Mansilla Paula , Pescader Carlos , Rojas Facundo , Wagner Lucrecia
Published: January 2023

La pandemia de COVID-19 desató discusiones sobre la relación sociedad-naturaleza y sobre la crisis civilizatoria, consecuencia de la dominación antrópica del ambiente. Este trabajo parte de la hipótesis de que las experiencias singulares producidas por la pandemia alteran las representaciones acerca de la naturaleza y generan nuevas perspectivas.

Nos propusimos analizar estas representaciones y sus transformaciones. Nos preguntamos cómo es concebida la naturaleza, si existe una dualidad percibida entre naturaleza y sociedad o no. Analizamos los cambios generados por el escenario pandémico, con el énfasis puesto en las percepciones y comportamientos y, en especial, en la reflexión sobre esta relación en la pospandemia.

Este trabajo es parte de la investigación de la Red del Estudio Nacional Colaborativo de Representaciones sobre la Pandemia en Argentina (Encrespa),[1] y tiene como objetivos comprender las transformaciones en curso, producir conocimiento aplicable a políticas de sostenibilidad y reflexionar sobre el rol de la producción de conocimiento científico ante los desafíos de la pospandemia.
Todas las opresiones se conectan: pandemia y liberación total
Authors: Ordóñez Charpentier Angélica
Published: January 2023

La producción y el procesamiento de carne animal son actividades insostenibles desde el punto de vista ambiental y social. Los modos de la agricultura moderna, específicamente la ganadería industrial, han promovido el surgimiento de más enfermedades zoonóticas, convertidas en pandemias. Además, es una industria contaminante, atenta contra los derechos de quienes trabajan en sus plantas, disminuye la biodiversidad, contribuye al cambio climático y fomenta la diseminación de patógenos en sus instalaciones y comunidades aledañas. En una crítica a las granjas industriales cárnicas (por su forma de producción insostenible y su crueldad hacia los animales —humanos o no—), se propone que la liberación total es un enfoque que trasciende la dicotomía animal-humano, sociedad-naturaleza y puede convertirse en un cambio paradigmático que contribuiría a enfrentar el colapso socioecológico que experimentamos actualmente.
Ecología política de la pandemia: Sufrimiento y acción política de los pueblos indígenas ante el COVID-19 en la región Otomí-Tepehua, México
Authors: Castillo Oropeza Oscar Adán , Delgado Hernández Edgar
Published: January 2023

En el presente artículo se define qué es la ecología política de la pandemia, cómo se presentan el sufrimiento y la acción política indígena a partir del COVID-19 en el municipio de Tenango de Doria, en la región Otomí-Tepehua, ubicada al nororiente del estado de Hidalgo, México. Se trata de discutir cómo las relaciones de poder político-económicas inciden en la transformación/explotación/producción de la naturaleza y de qué manera han generado las condiciones propicias para el advenimiento de la pandemia, como síntesis del caos civilizatorio socioambiental a escala global. En ese sentido, se resalta el modo en que las comunidades indígenas en este lugar perciben y experimentan una condición de sufrimiento comunitario y cuáles son las acciones políticas que han desarrollado para resistir, protegerse y hacer frente a tal situación. Para ello, se usan observaciones de campo, entrevistas semiestructuradas a dos informantes clave, datos oficiales y sistemas de información geográfica.
Abejas nativas para reexistir: desalambrar los vínculos con la red de vida de nuestros territorios
Authors: Valencia Rita
Published: January 2023

La crisis de las abejas se ha centrado en una especie, Apis mellifera, sin nombrar que lo que está enferma es nuestra forma de relacionarnos con ellas, nuestra ontología relacional. Al abrir la mirada a la gran diversidad de abejas, nos permitimos sentir y saber la compleja red de relaciones que conforman la vida. Esto nos recuerda que los pueblos originarios de Abya Yala han desarrollado diversos tipos de vínculos con las abejas nativas, que son parte de prácticas pluriversales de ser/estar en el mundo. Sin las abejas nativas, nos resultará imposible revertir la devastación de nuestros territorios propia del Plantacionceno/Capitaloceno.
Vigilantes nocturnos: el Frente Juvenil en Defensa de Tepoztlán
Authors: de Orbe Larisa
Published: January 2023

Se aborda un movimiento de resistencia de jóvenes surgido en 2011 ante la imposición de un proyecto carretero en Tepoztlán, México, que representó un proceso de despojo y de desmantelamiento parcial de procesos comunitarios y de bienes comunes para favorecer la dinámica moderna capitalista. Se visibilizan algunos episodios del movimiento en los que la producción de lo común y las relaciones de interdependencia surgieron como respuesta a dispositivos micropolíticos de producción de subjetividad impuestos por el Estado, el patriarcado adultocéntrico y la lógica del capital.
Ecología e igualdad. Hacia una relectura de la teoría sociológica en un planeta que se ha quedado pequeño
Authors: Barcena Hinojal Iñaki
Published: January 2023

Dijo Jorge Riechmann, en la presentación de este libro en Madrid el pasado mes de enero, que se trata de un texto de cerca de setecientas páginas fascinantes sobre las cuestiones que el ecologismo social debe plantearse ante la situación de extralimitación que vivimos. Creo que es una buena forma de resumirlo. A mi entender, la idea central de este profundo libro es que no es bueno engañarse con el consuelo del «ya inventaremos» tanto tecnológica como sociopolíticamente, aparcando sine die los problemas de la escasez (de materiales) y de la entropía (energética).
Desalambrar territorios y saberes: Proceso de Liberación de la Madre Tierra y horizonte del wët wët fxi’zenxi (buen vivir)
Authors: Fajardo Camacho Andrea ,   Minga de Comunicación del Proceso de Liberación de la Madre Tierra
Published: January 2023

La dinámica del capital ha significado la aniquilación sistemática de las formas de vida en los territorios en disputa. Así, el bosque seco tropical del valle del río Cauca, Colombia, hoy es un desierto verde formado por grandes extensiones de monocultivo de caña.

Luego de cientos de acuerdos incumplidos por el Estado, en diciembre de 2014, un grupo de comuneras y comuneros del pueblo nasa entraron a las fincas de algunas de las familias más ricas del país para liberar la tierra del monocultivo de caña; se nombraron «Proceso de Liberación de la Madre Tierra» (PLMT), y desde entonces han liberado más de seis mil hectáreas.

En este artículo, caracterizaremos el doble desafío de la lucha del PLMT: poner un límite a la voracidad de los monocultivos de la industria cañera y regenerar vínculos sociales y ecológicos mediante dinámicas organizativas, que apuestan por otras formas de vida colectiva.
Cuidar es resistir: saberes y experiencias de mujeres en conflictos socioterritoriales
Authors: Aedo María Paz
Published: January 2023

En la actual hegemonía civilizatoria, cuerpos y territorios han sido convertidos en insumos para sostener el crecimiento económico. Los cuidados, la biodiversidad, la calidad del agua, del aire y de los suelos tienen menos valor que la energía y los materiales necesarios para alimentar el constante aumento de la demanda de bienes y servicios. Esta dinámica extractivista es responsable de la crisis socioecológica a escala local y global.

En plena crisis, emergen organizaciones de mujeres cuyas prácticas de cuidado y búsqueda de justicia conforman entramados vitales, redes de saberes y afectos contrahegemónicos, que encarnan otros modos de convivencia entre las personas, los bienes comunes y los territorios. En este artículo se observan los cuidados de las mujeres en comunidades altamente vulneradas por el extractivismo en Chile, como fuerzas micropolíticas capaces de subvertir la histórica subordinación de sus cuerpos y de sus territorios.
Improving fifth-grade students’ higher order thinking skills through thematic problem-based learning module: A research and development
Authors: Jicardo  , Haenilah Een Yayah , Perdana Ryzal
Published: January 2023

This study was aimed to develop a thematic problem-based learning module that was feasible and effective in improving students' fifth-grade students’ higher order thinking skills (HOTS). This research adopted a research and development (R&D) model proposed by Borg & Gall. The participants were 40 fifth-grade students purposively chosen in an elementary school in the City of Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Data were collected using valid and reliable test instruments and analysed using a paired sample t-test with a significance level of 0.05. The findings indicate that the average pre-test was 39 and the post-test was 81. The average score on the pre-test and post-test for the control group was 45 and 75, respectively. Then, the paired sample t-test (Sig 2-tailed) of the experimental class was undertaken, receiving a significance value of 0.000 or less than 0.05, while the control class received a significance value of 0.000 or less than 0.05. Therefore, the findings that the thematic problem-based learning module significantly improves fifth-grade students’ higher order thinking skills.
Emerging market economies and sustainable development of global economies-challenges and opportunities
Authors: Thirunavukkarasu Dr.S. , Pradha T. Lakshmi
Published: January 2023

Emerging Market Economies (EMDE) are facing challenges and the performance of the Large Emerging Market (LME) economies are also with issues of concern and makes global development a fix. The global slowdown and financial crisis bring uneven development. Adding to this, epidemics like COVID-2019 also pushed the world economies down by at least 0.04 percent with its cascading effects to come in the future. The trade positions in the EMDE regions were weak due to uncertainties and lower demand for commodities. The financial markets were in stress, investment has reduced, lower capital, low productivity, lesser business climate etc., in the EDMEs. The real GDP of EDMEs is expected to grow an average of 6.2 percent during 2017-21 and it is 0.3 percent lower than 2016 position. Advanced economies perform comparatively lower in the world output. The output of Emerging and Developing Asian countries output was 6.6 percent in 2017 and it declined to 6.4 percent in 2019
Bitlis Vilayetindeki Süryani Varlığı (1870-1920)
Authors: UĞURLU Muhammed
Published: January 2023

Osmanlı Devleti, birçok farklı mezhep, din ve millete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. İslam hukuku ile yönetilen bir devlet olduğundan dolayı bünyesindeki muhtelif milletleri, millet sistemine göre yönetmiştir. Millet sistemiyle Osmanlı Devleti tebaasını Müslim ve gayrimüslim olarak ikiye ayırmıştır. 1789 yılına kadar genel olarak millet sisteminde sıkıntı olmamakla birlikte Fransız İhtilalı’nın getirmiş olduğu ayrılıkçı ve bağımsız düşünceler neticesinde sistemde aksaklıklar meydana gelmiştir. Sistemin bozulması ile birçok yerde isyanlar patlak vermiştir. Batılı devletlerin azınlık isyanlarını desteklemesi, azınlıkların yaşadıkları yerlerde sosyal ve siyasal ilişkilerin yeni bir boyut kazanmasına neden olmuştur. Bu durum azınlıklar arasında bulunan Süryanilerin, Bitlis bölge halkı ile ilişkilerine ve Süryanilerin devlet ile ilişkilerinde farklı tesirler göstermiştir.

Eşkıyaların Süryanilere saldırması, Süryanilerin de eşkıyaları devlete şikâyet etmeleriyle, devlet Süryanileri korumaya azami gayret göstermiştir. Bölgedeki diğer bir millet olan Ermenilerin Süryanilere karşı göstermiş olduğu saldırgan ve asimile politikalarına karşılık devlet gereken hassasiyeti göstermiş, gereken tedbirleri almıştır. Bir Süryani’nin, Ermenilerin bölgede karışıklık çıkaracaklarına dair haberi devlete ihbar etmesi, Süryanilerin devlete sadakatini göstermesi açısından önemli bir husustur.

Genel olarak Süryanilerin Bitlis bölgesinde devlete karşı olumsuz bir politika izlemediği görülmüştür. Osmanlı Devleti zor bir süreç içerisinde olmasına rağmen Süryanilerin devlete gösterdikleri sadakatten dolayı devlet, Süryanilerin haklarını korumak için gerekli hassasiyeti göstermiştir.
The Current Understanding of Fathers Influence on Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Development in Adolescence: A Brief Review
Authors: Jampol Phoenix , Chapman-Lopez Tomas , Gallucci Andrew , Forsse Jeffrey
Published: January 2023

The influence that parents and caregivers have on childhood development is understood and validated. Current research is focused on psychological, social, physical, and spiritual health. Though, in recent years, the early development of cardiometabolic diseases has increased among younger individuals at earlier time periods. The full extent behind the rapid development of these diseases remains unclear. Therefore, the specific influence that each parent or guardian potentially has on future cardiometabolic health development in children and adolescence is an area of growing interest. Significant research has been performed to conclude that the mother has a crucial role in proper childhood development. However, there is limited amount of published research that has isolated the specific role that fathers have on future physiological health outcomes in relation to cardiometabolic health. Thus, the focus of this brief literature review was to ascertain the current influence that a paternal parent has on cardiometabolic health development throughout childhood and adolescence. The results of the review are limited to studies focused on physical growth, nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular disease. For many of the studies, the father’s role was assessed as a secondary or tertiary variable, and not as a primary factor or outcome. Based on the scarce amount of literature involving the father’s role in influencing cardiometabolic health outcomes, a clear consensus cannot be fully ascertained, and future research into this area is severely needed.
Los pueblos de indios del valle de Jauja en la sierra central del Perú y su configuración urbana y rural, siglo XVIII
Authors: Hurtado Ames Carlos H.
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo tiene por finalidad estudiar las características generales de estos pueblos de indios del valle de Jauja en la sierra central peruana durante el siglo XVIII. Proponemos que estas unidades poblacionales no son de naturaleza homogénea. Vale decir, aunque hay pueblos que tienen una naturaleza rural, otros tienen una naturaleza urbana, y funcionaron como “villas de facto”, principalmente las que tenían la categorización de “cabecera”. En tanto ello, la confluencia de españoles e indios cohabitando un mismo espacio urbano es más usual de lo que se pueda suponer, y marcan una característica notable de la región, que sería la de un espacio de integración.
La transición hegemónica en la visión de Agustín Edwards: Londres versus Nueva York
Authors: Garay Vera Cristián , Colletti Franklim
Published: January 2023

La Primera Guerra Mundial caducó la hegemonía europea y potenció a Estados Unidos, a Japón y, en los años siguientes, a la Unión de Repúblicas Soviéticas. En ese marco de cambios que ya estaban planteándose en 1919 sobre el futuro del sistema internacional, se produjo el descenso británico y el ascenso estadounidense que cuestionó la perspectiva filobritánica de la política exterior chilena. Estados Unidos entraba a la guerra con más peso decisorio, y eso implicaba una mayor presencia política y económica a nivel mundial. Presentamos el documento enviado por el embajador chileno en Reino Unido, Agustín Edwards McClure, titulado Memorándum sobre si Nueva York será el nuevo centro financiero del Mundo del 9 de julio de 1919, cuyo análisis se realiza transcribiendo, además, el original.
La programación biopolítica de la Capital Federal durante la última dictadura cívico-militar en Argentina (1976-83)
Authors: Blengino Luis Félix , Dalmau Iván Gabriel
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analiza la programación biopolítica de la Capital Federal durante la última dictadura cívico-militar en Argentina (1976-83). Específicamente, enfocaremos la lectura en una serie de documentos que resultan fundamentales para desentrañar la manera en que se problematizó el rediseño urbanístico de la ciudad capital bajo la intendencia de facto del Brigadier Osvaldo Cacciatore. Por lo tanto, buscaremos reconstruir cómo se problematiza el control de “lo monstruoso” en esta programación del espacio urbano. Indagaremos, entonces, la forma en que se racionaliza la práctica de gobierno del medio a través de la que se busca “depurar” la ciudad. En dicho contexto, revisaremos la constitución del mérito como carta de ciudadanía.
Populist Foreign Policy and Mobilization in Bolivia
Authors: Plagemann Johannes , Heras Rodríguez Carlos , Destradi Sandra
Published: January 2023

The goal of this article is to explore the role of mobilization in the foreign policies of populists in power. To do so, we focus on the main features and changes of Bolivia’s foreign Policy under its populist president Evo Morales (2006-2019) with regard to its two most prominent conflictive bilateral relations, with the US and Chile. In both domains, Morales departed from the foreign policy of previous governments. By ending cooperation with the US, the Morales government sought to establish a sovereign counternarcotics policy in line with its core constituency’s demands of legalizing coca crops. On the key issue of relations with Chile seeking to negotiate a sovereign access to the Pacific Ocean, the Morales government exhibited more continuity initially. However, by referring the stalemated conflict to the International Court of Justice, Morales eventually changed his country’s approach to finding a resolution. Tracing Morales’ discourse over time reveals an intensification of populist as well as hostile rhetoric in periods of domestic political instability. Thus, our findings support the theoretical expectation of a particularly close link between domestic politics and foreign policy under populists in power. Thereby, populism may lead to a more conflictive foreign policy in some cases. However, neither does populist mobilization over foreign policy matters necessarily drive foreign policy change, nor does it preclude genuine bilateral dialogue.