bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kết quả bước đầu phẫu thuật nội soi tuyến giáp qua đường tiền đình môi dưới tại bệnh viện Trung ương Huế cơ sở II
Authors: Nguyễn Xuân
Published: August 2023

TÓM TẮT

Mục tiêu: Hiện nay phẫu thuật nội soi đường tiền đình môi dưới ngày càng được áp dụng nhiều trong điều trị bệnh lý tuyến giáp trên thế giới cũng như tại Việt Nam. Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích đánh giá kết quả bước đầu phẫu thuật nội soi tuyến giáp qua đường tiền đình môi dưới.

Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu trên 22 bệnh nhân được phẫu thuật nội soi qua đường tiền đình môi dưới tại Bệnh viện Trung Ương Huế cơ sở II trong thời gian từ 5/2022 đến 6/2023.

Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình 29,05 tuổi; tất cả là nữ giới. Trên siêu âm kích thước trung bình khối u là 27,82 mm. Thời gian phẫu thuật trung bình 98,86 phút. Không có trường hợp chuyển mổ hở. Tất cả trường hợp đều không có biến chứng sau mổ. Thời gian sưng nề sau mổ trung bình 2,68 ngày. Không có trường hợp nào chảy máu sau mổ, nhiễm trùng, tổn thương thần kinh. 100% bệnh nhân hài lòng về kết quả thẩm mỹ.

Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi tuyến giáp qua ngả tiền đình môi dưới là phương pháp an toàn, hiệu quả và thẩm mỹ cao.

ABSTRACT

Evaluate the initial results of endoscopic thyroid surgery via transoral vestibular approach at Hue Central Hospital base II

Objective: Nowadays, endoscopic surgery via transoral vestibular approach is increasingly applied in the treatment of thyroid gland diseases worldwide as well as in Vietnam. We conducted this study to evaluate the initial results of endoscopic thyroid surgery via transoral vestibular approach.

Methods: Prospective study on 22 patients who underwent endoscopic surgery via transoral vestibular approach at Hue Central Hospital, branch II during the period from 1/2022 to 12/2023.

Results: The average age was 29.05, 100% were female. On ultrasound, the average tumor size was 27.82 mm. The average surgery time was 98.86 minutes. There were no cases of conversion to open surgery. All cases had no postoperative complications. The average postoperative swelling time was 2.68 days. There were no cases presented bleeding, infection, or nerve damage. 100% of patients were satisfied with the cosmetic results.

Conclusion: Endoscopic thyroid surgery via transoral vestibular approach is a safe, effective and highly aesthetic treatment method.
Bước đầu đánh giá tính an toàn và hiệu quả của phác đồ điều trị hỗ trợ có TS-1 trên bệnh nhân ung thư dạ dày giai đoạn II - III sau phẫu thuật triệt để
Authors: Nguyễn Kim
Published: August 2023

TÓM TẮT

Đặt vấn đề: Ung thư dạ dày là loại ung thư phổ biến, hóa trị hỗ trợ sau mổ đem lại lợi ích về sống còn cho bệnh nhân giai đoạn II - III, với TS-1 là một thuốc mới đang được sử dụng ngày càng rộng rãi ở Việt Nam.

Đối tượng, phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả hồi cứu và tiến cứu trên 45 bệnh nhân được điều trị tại bệnh viện Ung Bướu TPHCM từ tháng 1/2020 đến tháng 12/2022. Mục tiêu: đánh giá giá tính an toàn, khả năng dung nạp và hiệu quả của phác đồ TS-1/SOX hỗ trợ trong ung thư dạ dày giai đoạn II - II

Kết quả: 8,9% bệnh nhân có tác dụng phụ độ 3 (giảm tiểu cầu, triệu chứng thần kinh ngoại biên, tăng AST, giảm bạch cầu hạt), không có tác dụng phụ độ 4 - 5. 35,6% bệnh nhân bị trì hoãn do tác dụng phụ của hóa trị (TS-1 là 20,8%, SOX là 52,4%, p = 0,027). Tỉ lệ giảm liều TS-1 là 25% ở nhóm TS-1 và nhóm SOX là 23,8% (p = 0,811). Tỉ lệ sống còn không tái phát tại thời điểm 6 tháng, 1 năm, 2 năm và 3 năm lần lượt là 100%, 96,1%, 61,5% và 50%

Kết luận: Phác đồ hóa trị hỗ trợ có TS-1 trong ung thư dạ dày giai đoạn II - III là an toàn với độc tính chấp nhận được và khả năng dung nạp cao. Do nghiên cứu này có cỡ mẫu nhỏ nên hiệu quả của phác đồ cần được khảo sát thêm.

ABSTRACT

INITIAL EVALUATION OF THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF ADJUVANT TS-1 BASED CHEMOTHERAPY IN STAGE II - III GASTRIC CANCER AFTER D2 GASTRECTOMY

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and in Vietnam. Adjuvant chemotherapy is proved to provide survival benefit for patients in stage II - III. TS-1, which is a new agent, has been more commonly used in Vietnam in this setting.

Methods: 45 gastric cancer patients stage II - III were treated with adjuvant TS-1/SOX regimen at Ho Chi Minh city Oncology Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022. Objectives: To evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of TS-1/SOX regimens in adjuvant therapy for stage II-III gastric cancer in Ho Chi Minh city Oncology Hospital.

Results: 8,9% patients had grade 3 adverse effects (thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy, elevated AST, neutropenia), there were no patients had grade 4 - 5. 35,6% cases delayed chemotherapy due to adverse effects (TS-1 group and SOX group is 20,8% and 52,4%, respectively, p = 0,027). Reduced dosage rate of TS-1 is 25% in TS-1 group and 23,8% in SOX group (p = 0,811). 6-month, 1 - year, 2 - year and 3 - year disease-free survival rates are 100%, 96,1%, 61,5% và 50%, respectively.

Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy with TS-1 - based regimens in stage II - III gastric cancer is safe and well tolerated, with acceptable adverse effects. Due to small sample size, the efficacy of the regimens is needed to be further evaluated in other studies.
Using consensus and cooperative reflective journal writing instructional strategies to enhance students’ achievement in Biology
Authors: Adejimi Saheed Ayodeji , Shivoga William Aino , Nzabalirwa Wenceslas
Published: August 2023

Teachers are supposed to adapt their teaching-learning process based on classroom interaction to suit the learning conditions of learners to produce a complete learning community that is intellectually and behaviourally sound. This can only be achieved in a serene, friendly, and collaborative environment. This study determined the effects of consensus and cooperative reflective journal writing instructional strategies on students’ achievement in biology, with gender moderating at two levels. A pretest-posttest control group quasi-experimental design with a 3X2 factorial matrix was adopted. The treatment lasted for six weeks. The sample consisted of 305 senior secondary school II students in Ibadan metropolis, Oyo state, Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was the Students’ Biology Achievement Test (SBAT). The generated data were analysed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANCOVA) and the Bonferroni post-hoc test. The results of the study revealed that consensus and cooperative reflective journal writing strategies improved students’ achievement in biology. The results also revealed that gender affected students’ achievement in biology. Treatment and gender did not affect students’ achievement in biology. The study concluded that the strategies adopted enhance students’ achievement in biology and, therefore, recommended to be adopted in biology classrooms
Refining the Stellar Parameters of τ Ceti: a Pole-on Solar Analog
Authors: Korolik Maria , Roettenbacher Rachael M. , Fischer Debra A. , Kane Stephen R. , Perkins Jean M. , Monnier John D. , Davies Claire L. , Kraus Stefan , Le Bouquin Jean-Baptiste , Anugu Narsireddy , Gardner Tyler , Lanthermann Cyprien , Schaefer Gail H. , Setterholm Benjamin , Brewer John M. , Llama Joe , Zhao Lily L. , Szymkowiak Andrew E. , Henry Gregory W.
Published: August 2023

To accurately characterize the planets a star may be hosting, stellar parameters must first be well determined. τ Ceti is a nearby solar analog and often a target for exoplanet searches. Uncertainties in the observed rotational velocities have made constraining τ Ceti’s inclination difficult. For planet candidates from radial velocity (RV) observations, this leads to substantial uncertainties in the planetary masses, as only the minimum mass (

m
sin
i

) can be constrained with RV. In this paper, we used new long-baseline optical interferometric data from the CHARA Array with the MIRC-X beam combiner and extreme precision spectroscopic data from the Lowell Discovery Telescope with EXPRES to improve constraints on the stellar parameters of τ Ceti. Additional archival data were obtained from a Tennessee State University Automatic Photometric Telescope and the Mount Wilson Observatory HK project. These new and archival data sets led to improved stellar parameter determinations, including a limb-darkened angular diameter of 2.019 ± 0.012 mas and rotation period of 46 ± 4 days. By combining parameters from our data sets, we obtained an estimate for the stellar inclination of 7° ± 7°. This nearly pole-on orientation has implications for the previously reported exoplanets. An analysis of the system dynamics suggests that the planetary architecture described by Feng et al. may not retain long-term stability for low orbital inclinations. Additionally, the inclination of τ Ceti reveals a misalignment between the inclinations of the stellar rotation axis and the previously measured debris disk rotation axis (i
disk = 35° ± 10°).
Type W and Type 15bn Subgroups of Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernovae: Premaximum Diversity, Postmaximum Homogeneity?
Authors: Könyves-Tóth Réka , Seli Bálint
Published: August 2023

In this study, we analyze the postmaximum spectra of a sample of 27 Type I superluminous supernovae (SLSNe-I) in order to search for physical differences between the so-called Type W and Type 15bn subtypes. This paper is a continuation of Könyves-Tóth & Vinkó and Könyves-Tóth. In the former, it was revealed that not all SLSNe-I show the W-shaped absorption feature between 4000 and 5000 Å in the premaximum spectra, and two new SLSN subgroups were disclosed. In the latter, physical differences in the premaximum phases were studied. For completeness, postmaximum data are analyzed in this paper. It is concluded that in terms of photospheric temperature and velocity, Type W and Type 15bn SLSNe-I decrease to a similar value by the postmaximum phases, and their pseudo-nebular spectra are nearly uniform. The relation between the photometric and spectroscopic phases (Φ) between the two subgroups was examined, and it was found that the Φ of Type W SLSNe-I increases monotonically with time, while Type 15bn objects tend to show larger Φ before peak brightness, which evolves slowly. Pseudo-equivalent width (pEW) calculations show that the pEWs of the wavelength range between 4166 and 5266 Å evolve differently in the cases of the two subtypes, while the other parts of the spectra seem to evolve similarly. It was found that the host galaxies of the studied objects do not differ significantly in their star formation rate, morphology, stellar mass, and absolute brightness. The main difference behind the bimodality of Type W and Type 15bn SLSNe-I therefore is in their premaximum evolution.
Besede nedoumljivega: apofatična poetika Semjona Franka
Authors: Gudović Milosav
Published: August 2023

Osnovne poetične ideje Semjona Ludvigoviča Franka (1877–1950) lahko rekonstruiramo na podlagi splošnih estetskih sodb v okviru sistema religiozne misli, ki ga je predstavil v delu Nedoumljivo (1938). Pojem nedoumljivega je os Frankove (meta)ontologije, zato se je moral znajti tudi v naslovu tega prispevka. Preden se lotimo interpretacije razprav in študij, v katerih ruski mislec neposredno tematizira samo pesništvo, moramo osvetliti širši okvir njegovega implicitnega poetičnega stališča. Nedoumljivo je filozofsko ime za prarealnost, ki je nobena pozitivna opredelitev ne more zaobjeti. Iz prve in zadnje globine realnosti se rojevata tako zunanji, predmetni, kot notranji, intimni svet človeškega doživljanja. Zato sta pristna estetika in poetika dolžni spremljati ta (meta)ontološki akt poíesis, namesto da bi se zapletali v dualizem notranje (subjektne) in zunanje (objektne) dejanskosti. Frankove interpretacije pesništva izhajajo iz intuicije negativne, apofatične razsežnosti, ki sebe samo izraža tudi v delih jezikovne umetnosti. Poezija je v svoji najčistejši obliki izraz in odtis (Ausdruck), sled Nedoumljivega v besedah. Naloga poetike kot teoretskega in interpretativnega poglabljanja v smisel ustvarjalnega izraza je ohraniti in ne dokončno razvozlati, dešifrirati ta odtis, pečat negativnega.
Viscoelastic Adhesion and Friction in Sliding Contacts
Authors: Carbone Giuseppe , Menga Nicola
Published: August 2023

We present our recent study on adhesive contacts of viscoelastic materials sliding against rigid substrates. Ultimately, the theory addresses the combined effect of viscoelasticity and adhesion in sliding contacts, with specific focus on the sliding frictional behavior. Compared to the adhesiveless case, we show that a significant enhancement of hysteretic friction occurs in the presence of adhesion, in agreement with long-standing experimental evidence. The presented formulation allows to investigate the effect of sliding velocities ranging from extremely slow to very high, thus taking into for local viscoelasticity, occurring at the edges of the contacts (crack tips), and bulk viscoelasticity, occurring in the bulk deformable material.
Diamagnetic Susceptibility of a Hemi-Cylindrical Quantum Dot in the Presence of an Off-Center Donor Atom
Authors: Mommadi O. , Chouef Soufiane , Boussetta Reda , Hbibi Mohammed , Belamkadem Laaziz , Chnafi M. , El Hadi Mohamed , El Moussaouy Abdelaaziz , Duque Carlos Mario , Duque Carlos Alberto , Kerkour El Miad Abdelhamid , Falyouni Farid
Published: August 2023

In this paper, we have studied the electron-donor atom diamagnetic susceptibility confined in a hemi-cylindrical quantum dot (QD). It is analyzed specifically how the impurity location affects diamagnetic susceptibility. The 3D Schrödinger equation in hemi-cylindrical QD was solved using the finite difference method within the effective mass approximation. This is accomplished by performing our system's Hamiltonian in hemi-cylindrical geometry. We have demonstrated that the hemicylindrical size and impurity position have a significant impact on the diamagnetic susceptibility. When the impurity is localized in the center of the nanostructure for the hemi-cylindrical QD, the diamagnetic susceptibility reaches its greatest value.
Simulation Modeling of an Inhomogeneous Medium, in Particular: Round, Triangular, Square Shapes
Authors: Pasternak Viktoriya , Ruban Artem , Surianinov Mykola , Shapoval Svetlana
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes and develops an algorithm for the operation of the powder backfill process using vibration oscillations. The results of the study make it possible to predict the main properties of particles of any shape. The developed computer simulation model also provides for the superposition of horizontal and vertical oscillations. It should be noted that the difference between them is that the main one for the implementation of horizontal oscillations is the X - coordinate, and for vertical ones – the Y - coordinate. It is also important that the model algorithm provides for simultaneous application of vibration oscillations, which makes it possible to study the influence of the history of the backfill process. It should also be noted that in this scientific study, a number of experiments were conducted, the change in porosity during the imposition of oscillations was studied, and graphs of the obtained experimental dependences were constructed. Porosity from the main parameters of the bunker, in particular: width and height, is also studied. The obtained results made it possible to record the optimal porosity of the backfill with a reliable deviation error (± 1%).
Social Success of the Women Workers in the Garment Industry in Sri Lanka: A Case of Women Workers in Katunayake Free Trade Zone
Authors: Weerakkody S. S.
Published: August 2023

There are a number of Free Trade Zones (FTZ) in Sri Lanka, which house a variety of industrial businesses, including garment manufacturers. Most of the workers on the factory floor are women who work as machinists. Scholars highlight labor exploitation, gender subordination, and social perceptions in the apparel sector. But there is no research to explore the social success of women employees in the apparel sector. This research adds to the literature by providing empirical information from the Sri Lankan clothing industry about the success of women in the Sri Lankan apparel industry. A qualitative approach utilizing information gathered from interviews with female shop floor employees in the garment industry who work in export processing zones (EPZs). Thematic analysis was used as the analysis tool to process the research. The analysis identifies how those women workers started their careers as women machinists at a young age, and with time, they successfully adapted to the job role and the evolution of their lives through social aspects. Contrary to the social acceptance within the Sri Lankan context that women prefer government jobs, women have mentioned they prefer and that it is better to be a woman machinist. Finally, this paper concludes that women machinists have succeeded in their lives in social aspects by achieving work-life balance, well-structured families with educated children, and recognition and respect from the villagers and the whole society.
Long-Term Effects of Cyclophosphamide in Sustained Remission in Childhood Steroid-resistant Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Hidayati Eka L. , Saputro Dimas D. , Bestari Laksmi , Munasir Zakiudin , Rafli Achmad
Published: August 2023

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a chronic renal disease that can progress into end-stage renal disease within 5 years if no remission occurs. Achieving optimal remission is important to obtain better outcomes of treating childhood steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). This study aimed to determine the survival, long-term outcomes, and factors associated with the sustained remission of SRNS patients after cyclophosphamide therapy. We retrospectively studied 33 children (24 boys) with SRNS treated with cyclophosphamide therapy over 2 years. Relapse-free survival was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. The determinants of long-term remission were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses using Cox's proportional hazard models. The median age at the onset of NS was 3.0 years (range: 7 months to 14.0 years). The median age at the initiation of cyclophosphamide therapy was 5.0 years (range: 1.0–15.0 years). The mean cumulative cyclophosphamide dose was 155.61 ± 16.31 mg/kg body weight. In total, 18 of 33 (54.5%) children remained in remission for 2 years after cyclophosphamide therapy, and 10 of 15 patients who relapsed (66.67%) became steroid sensitive. Relapse-free survival after cyclophosphamide therapy was 78.8%, 69.7%, and 54.5% after 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively. Cox's proportional hazard regression identified no association between remission 2 years after cyclophosphamide therapy and other factors, such as age at the onset of SRNS, type of resistance, hypertension, hematuria, administration route of cyclophosphamide, and cumulative dose (all P >0.05). Cyclophosphamide therapy appeared to be beneficial for children with SRNS for sustaining 2-year remission with a 54.5% relapse-free survival rate.
Risk Factors and Utility of Intraoperative Arteriovenous Fistula Blood Flow Level as a Surrogate Marker of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease
Authors: Shindo Mitsutoshi , Morino Junki , Minato Saori , Kaneko Shohei , Mutsuyoshi Yuko , Yanai Katsunori , Ishii Hiroki , Matsuyama Momoko , Kitano Taisuke , Miyazawa Haruhisa , Ito Kiyonori , Shimoyama Hirofumi , Ueda Yuichiro , Hirai Keiji , Hoshino Taro , Ookawara Susumu , Morishita Yoshiyuki
Published: August 2023

An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) can fail for different reasons at each stage after its creation. The study aimed to analyze the associations of the clinical and laboratory parameters, including the intraoperative AVF blood flow, with AVF failure at different periods (3 weeks and 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 months) after the AVF's creation and to evaluate the usefulness of the intraoperative AVF blood flow as a surrogate marker of AVF failure in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study that included 130 patients with ESRD who underwent the creation of new radiocephalic AVFs. The associations of the preoperative clinical and laboratory parameters and intraoperative flow with AVF failure in the different observation periods were investigated. Intraoperative AVF blood flow was significantly associated with AVF failure from 3 weeks to 24 months (P <0.05). Hemoglobin level and the size of the anastomosis were significantly associated with AVF failure at 6 months (P <0.05). In the analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curve, intraoperative AVF blood flow was significant from 3 weeks to 24 months (P <0.05). The intraoperative blood flow with the greatest sensitivity and specificity was 205–225 mL/min. Intraoperative blood flow was independently associated with AVF failure from 3 weeks to 24 months after the AVF's creation. An intraoperative AVF blood flow of >225 mL/min is crucial for long-term AVF patency. The intraoperative AVF blood flow level could be a surrogate marker of AVF failure in ESRD patients.
Renal Involvement in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome: A Case Series of Three Cases with Various Clinicopathological Presentations
Authors: Agnani Bhawna , Solanki Ranjana , Hemrajani Deepika
Published: August 2023

Sjogren's syndrome is a prevalent and underdiagnosed systemic disease that primarily affects epithelial tissue. It may affect renal function, either as an epithelial disease causing tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) or as an immune complex-mediated glomerulopathy. These lesions may cause a variety of clinical features, both overt and occult. The epithelial disease is mediated by B and T cells. The prevalence of renal involvement in primary Sjogren's syndrome has been reported to range approximately from 10% to 30%. Patients with renal involvement in primary Sjogren's syndrome may have renal manifestations, such as renal tubular acidosis (RTA) Type I, TIN, diabetes insipidus, nephrolithiasis, and Fanconi syndrome. Distal RTA was reported more commonly than proximal RTA, which can present as acute hypokalemic paralysis. We present three cases of primary Sjogren's syndrome with significant renal involvement and various clinicopathological presentations.
Changes in Optimal Stimulation Frequency with Time for Gait Disturbances in Patients with PD after STN-DBS—A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kola Sruthi , Rangam Ravi Prakash , Kandadai Rukmini M , Alugolu Rajesh , Kedasi Raghuram , Swamygowda Pavan , Prasad VVSRK , Meka Sai Sri Lakshmi , Fathima Syed T. , Borgohain Rupam
Published: August 2023

Aim:

To assess the changes in frequency parameters of STN-DBS stimulation over 6 months required to optimize gait in PD patients.

Methods:

It’s a single center, open label longitudinal study of PD patients after STN-DBS with gait disorders. Gait assessment using stand–walk–sit (SWS) test and freezing of gait (FOG) scores were done at baseline and after 6 months. Gait was assessed in five frequencies settings, that is, 60 Hz, 90 Hz, 130 Hz, 180 Hz and stimulation “OFF” during medication ON state. Voltage was maintained.

Results:

Fifteen post-deep brain stimulation (DBS) patients were included. Mean duration after surgery was 3.73 ± 2.82 years. In SWS and FOG at baseline, five patients have good response at 180 Hz frequency, five at 130 Hz, one at 90 Hz, two patients at 60 Hz, one both 60 and 90 Hz, and one at both 90 and 180 HZ. And after 6 months out of the 13 patients who were able to perform the test, four patients had good response at 180 Hz frequency, four at 130 Hz, two at 90 Hz, one each for 60 Hz and battery OFF state, and one for both 130 Hz and 180 Hz. At 6 months, four patients had good response at the same frequency as baseline, while 11 patients have change in frequency from baseline.

Conclusion:

Optimal frequency for gait varies in patients—both low and high frequency may be useful. Optimal frequency for improving gait changes over period of time. Regular assessment and changing frequency may improve gait after DBS.
Genkwanin Suppresses Mitochondrial Dysfunction to Alleviate IL-1β-elicited Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Degradation of Extracellular Matrix in Chondrocytes Through Upregulating DUSP1
Authors: Xu Kanna , Wang Haoran , Wu Zhongqing
Published: August 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a form of chronic degenerative disease contributing to elevated disability rate among the elderly. Genkwanin is an active component extracted from Daphne genkwa possessing pharmacologic effects. Here, this study is designed to expound the specific role of genkwanin in OA and elaborate the probable downstream mechanism. First, the viability of chondrocytes in the presence or absence of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) treatment was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay was used to assess cell apoptosis. Inflammatory response was estimated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. In addition, immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were utilized to measure the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated proteins. Dual-specificity protein phosphatase-1 (DUSP1) expression was tested by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot. Following DUSP1 elevation in genkwanin-treated chondrocytes exposed to IL-1β, inflammatory response and ECM-associated factors were evaluated as forementioned. In addition, 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide staining was to assess the mitochondrial membrane potential. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level was examined with ATP assay kit, and RT-qPCR was used to test mitochondrial DNA expression. Results indicated that genkwanin administration enhanced the viability while ameliorated the apoptosis, inflammatory response, and ECM degradation in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. Besides, genkwanin treatment fortified DUSP1 expression in IL-1β-exposed chondrocytes. DUSP1 interference further offsets the impacts of genkwanin on the inflammation, ECM degradation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in IL-1β-challenged chondrocytes. In short, genkwanin enhanced DUSP1 expression to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction, thus ameliorating IL-1β-elicited inflammation, apoptosis, and degradation of ECM in chondrocytes.
Superior Hip Dislocation in a Child
Authors: Dharmshaktu Ganesh Singh
Published: August 2023

Superior hip dislocation is a rare entity reported in the medical literature. Superior hip dislocation in the pediatric age is even rarer. Careful clinical and radiological assessment helps to diagnose these injuries early for their appropriate management. We, hereby, describe a case of superior hip dislocation in a 10-year-old child following fall from a tree. The characteristic attitude of limb and radiological correlation helped in prompt diagnosis which was then followed by an emergent closed and successful reduction. The stable and concentric reduction was achieved and no re-dislocation was noted in the follow-up of 8 months. The child shall be under periodic review for future complications such as avascular necrosis, arthritis, or femoral head deformity among other potential complications.
Predilection for Birth Companionship among Antenatal Women of North India: Experience of a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Dahiya Priyanka , Aggarwal Gargi , Kour Gagandeep , Kansal Richa
Published: August 2023

Background:

In the accomplishment of respectful maternal care, the birth companion of choice is a well-known cost-effective, beneficial intervention with evidence of improved labor and delivery outcomes. However, there is paucity regarding the status of women’s desire for birth companionship. The following study was directed to assess the prevalence of predilection for birth companionship and factors influencing it among antenatal women in Karnal city of North India.

Methodology:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center over 3 months in Karnal city of North India. A total of 423 antenatal women were accessed by systematic random sampling using a face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi data version 4.6 and transformed to SPSS version 25. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed, and variables with a P ≤ 0.2 on bivariable analysis were taken for multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to detect the association, and a P < 0.05 in the multivariable analysis was used to declare statistical significance.

Results:

The prevalence of desire for birth companionship was 59.1%. Women with planned pregnancy (AOR = 2.9; [95% CI 1.67–5.04]), first or second gravida (AOR = 3.375 [1.670–6.818]) and between 18 and 25 years of age (AOR = 6.087 [2.28–16.22]) had a significant desire for birth companionship.

Conclusions:

The desire for birth companionship among pregnant women was high in this study. Improving women’s decision-making power, emphasis on planned pregnancy and antenatal education classes were the areas of improvement to increase the desire of women for a labor companion.
A Rare Presentation of Vesicocutaneous Fistula as Groin Abscess after 8 Years of Laparoscopic Mesh Repair of Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Singh Smriti , Bello A. , Haque M.
Published: August 2023

Laparoscopic mesh repair of inguinal hernia is common but rarely associated with vesicocutaneous fistula as a complication. The most common implications are mesh erosion and migration due to inappropriate strategies in the selection of the mesh type, size, and placement of mesh. This case study reports a 74-year-old man who suffered immense physical, mental, and cosmetic hardship due to a vesicocutaneous fistula postlaparoscopic mesh repair of an inguinal hernia performed 8 years ago. He presented with groin abscess secondary to vesicocutaneous fistula, diagnosed with high inflammatory markers and computed tomography abdomen pelvis. Groin abscess was drained and identified vesicocutaneous fistula which was managed conservatively.
Challenges of Rural Health Care in India and Digitalization of Health Care
Authors: Kumar Raman , Grover Alka
Published: August 2023

India is currently the most populous country in the world, with pressing unmet needs of the population living in rural and remote areas. Digitization of health care has opened a new window to solve public health challenges of the communities as it has the potential to remove the physical barrier between urban and rural areas. Several mHealth applications have been introduced in the recent 2–3 years in India. mHealth apps are being used to deliver health-care information, reminders, and support to rural communities. For health-care managers, digitalization makes their work of supply chain management easier in rural areas, ensuring that essential health-care resources are available to the communities in a more efficient manner.
Appraisal of Endometrial Sampling and Clinic-radio-pathological Correlation: Analysis of 153 Cases
Authors: Beniwal Atul , Dahiya Priyanka , Shah Heena Pradeep , Sharma Upender
Published: August 2023

Background:

Endometrial sampling is a safe and effective diagnostic procedure in evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), infertility cases, and in studying response of endometrium to various therapies. This study was directed to analyze the clinico-radio-pathological spectrum of endometrial samples in these cases as well as to classify various lesions of endometrium.

Methodology:

A prospective cross-sectional study over 2-year duration was carried out in a tertiary care center, and a total of 153 endometrial samples received in the department of pathology, meeting inclusion criteria, were included. Clinical details were obtained from the patient case files. A systematic approach was followed to process the samples and checklist was used for reporting the endometrial biopsy.

Results:

Heavy menstrual bleeding (29.4%) was the most common clinical presentation in cases of AUB. Precursor lesions were the most common diagnosis on histopathology (23.7%), followed by normal physiological endometrium (21.7%). More than 50% of cases of infertility had no specific pathology in the endometrium.

Conclusions:

Owing to an underlying pathology, endometrium demonstrates varied patterns of disease spectrum. Each diagnostic modality has its own limitations and advantages. Hence, clinic-radio-pathological is essential for correctly diagnosing an endometrial pathology.
Assessment of Services Available in Public Health Facilities among High Priority Districts of Jharkhand under Reproductive Maternal Newborn Child Health + Adolescence
Authors: Shikha Swati , Kumar Abhishek
Published: August 2023

Background:

The reproductive maternal newborn child health + adolescence (RMNCH + A) strategy is based on the provision of comprehensive care through the five pillars, or thematic areas, of reproductive, maternal, neonatal, child, and adolescent health, and is guided by central tenets of equity, universal care, entitlement, and accountability. This study aims to assess the services available in public health facilities among the selected high-priority districts (HPDs) of Jharkhand under RMNCH + A and also to compare the services available in public health facilities among different HPDs of Jharkhand under RMNCH + A.

Materials and Methods:

The proposed study was an observational study done by the Department of PSM/Community Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, with a total duration of the study (24 months) (April 2015–March 2017). Supportive supervision (SS) was conducted in the HPDs selected as Palamu, Latehar, Lohardaga, Gumla, and Simdega of Jharkhand state. The Government of India SS checklist was used during the field visits as data collection tool. After visit, compiled report was prepared as observations.

Results:

The observations of the visits were done under three broad headings of health-care utilization, health system, and service delivery in a comparative manner for all the five HPDs. It was found that outpatient department numbers and deliveries of pregnant women were maximum at district hospitals. Some logistics such as comprehensive abortion care needs to be ensured at the health facilities. Immunization services were available in almost all the selected facilities. Supply of few drugs such as albendazole, salbutamol, and zinc needed to be ensured so that it can be served to the poor and deprived population of the selected districts.

Conclusion:

It was concluded from the study that under various public health facilities are available at different health centers of the state which are being utilized by the beneficiaries in huge numbers. Some facilities still need to be strengthened and some logistics availability needs to be ensured.
Exercise and Sleep Affect Blood Pressure and Blood Sugar of Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Gulia Sonia , Kalyani C. Vasantha , Rohilla Kusum K
Published: August 2023

Aim:

Hypertension is a major worldwide health issue because of its great prevalence. This study’s aim was to check the effects of exercise and sleep on blood pressure (BP) and blood sugar among hypertensive patients.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a descriptive study that was conducted on 545 hypertensive patients at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, using validated self-structured questionnaire tools.

Results:

Hypertensive patients bio-demographic characteristics, sleep, exercise, and physical activity were examined and presented as frequency and percentage. Majority of hypertensive patients were male (55%), illiterate (25%), and their sleeping were OK during the night (38%). Their mean systolic BP (SBP) was 156.17 ± 15.83 mmHg, the diastolic BP was 91.81 ± 12.93 mmHg, and random blood sugar was 127.27 ± 6.06 g/dl, respectively. Among hypertensive patients doing regular exercise (0.009*) and a good sleep pattern (0.000*) help in the reduction of SBP at 0.05 level of significance.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of hypertension is significant and regular exercise and good sleep habits can help hypertensive patients to lower their SBP.
Emerging therapeutic options for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review
Authors: Tidwell Jasmine , Balassiano Natalie , Shaikh Anjiya , Nassar Mahmoud
Published: August 2023

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic and progressive immune-mediated cholangiopathy causing biliary tree inflammation and scarring, leading to liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. Diagnosis of PSC is challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and overlap with other liver diseases. Despite the rising incidence of PSC, there is no proven medical therapy that can alter the natural history of the disease. While liver transplantation (LT) is the most effective approach for managing advanced liver disease caused by PSC, post-transplantation recurrence of PSC remains a challenge. Therefore, ongoing research aims to develop better therapies for PSC, and continued efforts are necessary to improve outcomes for patients with PSC. This article provides an overview of PSC’s pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management options, including LT trends and future aspects. It also highlights the need for improved therapeutic options and ethical considerations in providing equitable access to LT for patients with PSC. Additionally, the impact of liver transplant on the quality of life and psychological outcomes of patients with PSC is discussed. Ongoing research into PSC’s pathogenesis and post-transplant recurrence is crucial for improved understanding of the disease and more effective treatment options.
Tenofovir alafenamide significantly increased serum lipid levels compared with entecavir therapy in chronic hepatitis B virus patients
Authors: Lai Rui-Min , Lin Shan , Wang Miao-Miao , Li Na , Zhou Jia-Hui , Lin Xiao-Yu , Chen Tian-Bin , Zhu Yue-Yong , Zheng Qi
Published: August 2023

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic and progressive immune-mediated cholangiopathy causing biliary tree inflammation and scarring, leading to liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. Diagnosis of PSC is challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and overlap with other liver diseases. Despite the rising incidence of PSC, there is no proven medical therapy that can alter the natural history of the disease. While liver transplantation (LT) is the most effective approach for managing advanced liver disease caused by PSC, post-transplantation recurrence of PSC remains a challenge. Therefore, ongoing research aims to develop better therapies for PSC, and continued efforts are necessary to improve outcomes for patients with PSC. This article provides an overview of PSC’s pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management options, including LT trends and future aspects. It also highlights the need for improved therapeutic options and ethical considerations in providing equitable access to LT for patients with PSC. Additionally, the impact of liver transplant on the quality of life and psychological outcomes of patients with PSC is discussed. Ongoing research into PSC’s pathogenesis and post-transplant recurrence is crucial for improved understanding of the disease and more effective treatment options.
Stages of care for patients with chronic hepatitis C at a hospital in southern Brazil
Authors: Vaucher Manoela Badinelli , Silva Camila Ubirajara , Varella Ivana Rosângela Santos , Kim Arthur Yu-Shin , Kliemann Dimas Alexandre
Published: August 2023

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic and progressive immune-mediated cholangiopathy causing biliary tree inflammation and scarring, leading to liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease. Diagnosis of PSC is challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms and overlap with other liver diseases. Despite the rising incidence of PSC, there is no proven medical therapy that can alter the natural history of the disease. While liver transplantation (LT) is the most effective approach for managing advanced liver disease caused by PSC, post-transplantation recurrence of PSC remains a challenge. Therefore, ongoing research aims to develop better therapies for PSC, and continued efforts are necessary to improve outcomes for patients with PSC. This article provides an overview of PSC’s pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management options, including LT trends and future aspects. It also highlights the need for improved therapeutic options and ethical considerations in providing equitable access to LT for patients with PSC. Additionally, the impact of liver transplant on the quality of life and psychological outcomes of patients with PSC is discussed. Ongoing research into PSC’s pathogenesis and post-transplant recurrence is crucial for improved understanding of the disease and more effective treatment options.
A study of geometric understanding via logical reasoning in Hong Kong
Authors: Poon Kin-Keung , Leung Chi-Keung
Published: August 2023

The purposes of the study reported herein were to identify the common mistakes in geometry made by junior secondary school students in Hong Kong, and to compare the students' performance in geometry with their results in a logic test. A geometry test and a logic test were developed and administered to a sample of 554 students aged between 13 and 14. The students in schools with a higher level of academic achievement were found to obtain higher scores in the geometry test. In addition, a strong correlation was found between students' achievement in geometry and their fundamental logical reasoning ability. The findings offer grounds for reflection on the geometry curriculum currently in place in junior secondary schools in Hong Kong.
More than Counting Beats: Connecting Music and Mathematics in the Primary Classroom
Authors: Trinick Robyn , Ledger Gail , Major Karen , Perger Pam
Published: August 2023

Connections between music and mathematics have been of interest to scholars as far back as the time of Pythagoras. In Aotearoa-New Zealand, the use of songs and chants as aids for memorising information such as number patterns and names of geometrical shapes is common practice in early childhood centres and primary classrooms. While such practices are beneficial for purposes of recall, the authors of this article share the belief that, if we also examine the thinking processes involved in music and mathematics learning, there are more profound connections between the two domains that could enhance mathematical learning. The combination of music and mathematics and the analogous concept development that may arise equates to more than a sum of the constituent parts. In this article, three educators share their teaching experiences involving mathematics and music. Each narrative is discussed from a theoretical perspective, bringing together the tacit knowledge of experienced teachers and their perceptions of how the two fields are related, supported by, and build on research in their respective fields. The intention of the article is to establish a foundation for further research in the field.
The Relationship between Teacher Efficacy, and Students' Trigonometry Self-Efficacy and Achievement
Authors: Sarac Ayse , Aslan Tutak Fatma
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between teacher efficacy to student trigonometry self-efficacy and student trigonometry achievement. The study included 16 high school teachers and their tenth grade students (n=571). Teacher efficacy was studied in terms of general teaching efficacy, mathematics teaching efficacy, and trigonometry teaching efficacy. No significant relationship was found between general teaching efficacy or mathematics teaching efficacy and student-related variables. The t-test results show that students of teachers who had high trigonometry teaching efficacy got higher scores on the trigonometry self-efficacy scale than students of teachers with low trigonometry teaching efficacy. Between these two groups of students' achievement test scores, on the other hand, no significant difference was found. The results underline the importance of teachers' trigonometry teaching efficacy for students' trigonometry self-efficacy, as well as the importance of measuring self-efficacy in a task-specific way.
Early Curricular Experiences with Nonnumeric Quantities, Evidence of an Enduring Perspective
Authors: Venenciano Linda
Published: August 2023

In this study we explore possible long-term effects of an adaptation of the El'konin-Davydov elementary grades curriculum, Measure Up or MU. The objectives for the study are to assess how students relate an equation of nonnumeric quantities to a length representation, and if former MU students develop and retain a perspective characteristic of the curriculum. Data were collected from thirteen former MU students and a group of fourteen peers who were instructed together with the MU students in identical middle and high school programs, but did not receive MU instruction. Findings show that former MU students reasoned about lengths as generalized quantities, applied a method for marking and labeling quantities, and justified a representation of relationships given by an equation. Implications are discussed for how a measurement context in elementary mathematics supports meaning making in the later study of algebra, particularly with regard to variables and multiple representations.
Preservice Elementary Teachers' Understanding of Operations for Fraction Multiplication and Division
Authors: Whitehead Ashley , Walkowiak Temple A.
Published: August 2023

This study examined preservice elementary teachers' change in their understanding of fraction operations while taking a mathematics methods course focused on grades 3-5. The preservice teachers (n = 48) completed an assessment before and after the course's unit on the teaching and learning of fractions. Specifically, the preservice teachers were asked to explain why the traditional algorithms for multiplication and division of fractions work. Additionally, they were asked to identify errors in students' work and provide rationales for why the strategies were faulty. All responses on the pre- and post-assessments were coded using an existing framework for the assessment of understanding. Paired t-tests indicated a statistically significant improvement on most items on the assessment and on the total test score. However, an in-depth analysis of how the scores changed gave insights into the proportion of preservice teachers who demonstrated no change, improvement, or regression on each question. The percent of teachers improving on each question ranged from 33% to 46%. Implications for mathematics teacher education programs and future research are discussed.
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN TEACHERS AND STUDENTS ARE INTRODUCED TO MATHEMATICAL INVESTIGATIONS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors: Nivera Gladys Celis
Published: August 2023

A mathematical investigation (MI) encapsulates the reform movement in mathematics education by addressing content and process simultaneously and providing a novel opportunity for students to develop thinking skills and good mental habits. However, introducing MI to teachers and students who are used to routinized teaching approaches and pen-and-paper testing presents many challenges. This study introduced MI to two junior classes and the mathematics teachers of a regular public high school. After the MI orientation workshops, the students engaged in the processes of pattern-finding, problem posing, conjecturing, verifying, and proving. Data were gathered through focus group discussions, interviews, observations, teachers' reflection notes, audiotapes, and analysis of students' outputs. The challenges of doing MI included the teachers' and students' lack of exposure to and/or competence in the investigative processes, the teacher's traditional views and teaching practices, and some sociosystemic factors in schools. Issues raised here could give insights into the areas where teachers and students needed reinforcement and how teachers could redesign mathematics instruction to focus on the development of processes and thinking skills needed for investigations.