bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN BIAYA LINGKUNGAN DALAM PERLINDUNGAN SUMBERDAYA ALAM DAN KELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Santoso Arif Dwi
Published: August 2020

Pada dekade belakangan ini, perusahaan dituntut untuk ikut andil dalam  perlindungan lingkungan dan bertanggung jawab terhadap kondisi sosial masyarakat di sekitar perusahaan. Dampak dari aktivitas produksi atau jasa suatu perusahaan dapat menimbulkan berbagai masalah lingkungan yang merugikan berbagai pihak. Hal ini merupakan suatu beban sosial, yang harus diatasi bersama secara serius. Tanggung jawab perlindungan lingkungan oleh perusahaan otomatis akan berdampak pada kinerja keuangan perusahaan akibat dengan bertambahnya biaya operasional. Pencatatan dan perhitungan biaya akibat pengelolaan lingkungan merupakan sebuah konsep yang membantu perusahaan dalam mengatur dan memperkirakan dampak-dampak bisnis dalam bentuk penyederhanaan unit moneter. Konsep ini dikenal dengan Akuntansi Manajemen Lingkungan yang memfokuskan pada bantuan perusahaan dalam permasalahan lingkungan dengan mencatat seluruh aktivitas produksinya untuk dilaporkan dalam laporan biaya lingkungan perusahaan. Makalah ini akan mengulas secara detail tentang pengelolaan akutansi manajemen lingkungan pada suatu perusahaan. Pembahasan akan mengupas tentang pengertian,model dan pengukuran dana lingkungan yang efektif.kata kunci: akutansi manajeman lingkungan, biaya lingkungan, perusahaan
IMPLEMENTASI TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR SIAP MINUM DAN PENGEMBANGAN USAHA GALON AIR SIAP MINUM Studi Kasus : Penerapan Teknologi Pengolahan Air Siap Minum Di SMK Al-Kahfi, Sumbawa
Authors: Yudo Satmoko , Sitomurni Amita Indah
Published: August 2020

Abstrak Kebutuhan penduduk akan air bersih terutama untuk minum dan masak sangat tinggi, ini sejalan dengan pesatnya pertumbuhan penduduk di perkotaan. Permasalahan yang ada saat ini adalah kondisi kualitas dan kuantitas air bersih sangatlah terbatas. Salah satu pemenuhan kebutuhan akan air minum penduduk perkotaan adalah dengan mengkonsumsi air minum dalam kemasan dan air minum isi ulang. Untuk membantu masyarakat Sumbawa dalam pemenuhan sebagian kebutuhan air minum, PTL, BPPT telah membangun instalasi pengolahan air siap minum (ARSINUM) di SMK Al-Kahfi, Sumbawa. Peralatan pengolah air siap minum yang dibangun mempunyai kapasitas 10.000 liter per hari dan selain digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air minum asrama siswa juga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air minum masyarakat sekitarnya. Untuk keberlangsungan unit ARSINUM tersebut, dibutuhkan pengelola yang dapat merawat dan mengoperasikan unit dengan baik dan memasarkan air minum hasil produksi kemasyarakat luas. Metodologi yang digunakan pada implementasi teknologi pengolahan ARSINUM adalah pengumpulan informasi, survei dan interview, observasi serta analisis SWOT. Evaluasi hasil implementasi alat pengolah ARSINUM menunjukkan bahwa diperlukan strategi pemasaran yang baik yang didukung oleh keunggulan-keunggulan unit ARSINUM, dan diperlukan sistem transportasi yang baik pula untuk mendistribusikan galon isi ARSINUM ke masyarakat. Kalau transportasi tidak direncanakan dengan baik, maka hal ini akan meningkatkan harga jual air minum. Kata kunci: teknologi pengolahan air siap minum, usaha galon air minum,  engelola arsinum.
TEKNOLOGI PENANGANAN EMISI GAS DARI INSINERATOR SAMPAH KOTA
Authors: Prasetiyadi Prasetiyadi , Wiharja Wiharja , Wahyono Sri
Published: August 2020

Proses pembakaran sampah kota melalui insinerator akan menghasilkan uap panas yang bisa dimanfaatkan  untuk membangkitkan energi listrik, akan tetapi pada proses ini juga menghasilkan output berupa flue gas yang didominasi oleh partikel (fly ash) dan gas beracun seperti: HCl, SO2, NOx, HF, Hg, Cd dan Dioxin. Sebelum dibuang ke udara bebas, flue gas tersebut harus diolah agar memenuhi baku mutu lingkungan. Teknologi penanganan partikel dan gas polutan tersedia dan dapat dibuat dengan berbagai kapasitas. Untuk menangani flue gas dari insinerator sampah digunakan Quencher untuk menekan laju pembentukan kembali dioksin dan furan setelah proses pembakaran,  Spray Drying Absorption (SDA) untuk mengikat gas asam dan  logam berat serta bag filter untuk menangkap partikel. Selain itu digunakan ID Fan dan Cerobong Asap untuk pengatasi pressure drop yang terjadi akibat pengoperasian peralatan APC dan melepas ke udara.
SURVEI LAUT DALAM RANGKA MENGURANGI RESIKO HAMBATAN DALAM PENGGELARAN KABEL ELEKOMUNIKASI BAWAH LAUT DI SELAT KARIMATA
Authors: Muljawan Djunaedi , Haryadi Yudo , Ardhyastuti Sri , Rahardian Rahadian , Sudaryanto Agus , Ilyas M , Riyadi Adi Slamet
Published: August 2020

Kajian ini dilaksanakan dalam rangka rencana penggelaran kabel telekomunikasi (PT. Moratelindo) antara Pulau Kalimantan dengan Pulau Belitung. Untuk menghubungkan kedua pulau tersebut kabel akan melalui Selat Karimata. Usulan jalur kabel Â atau rute kabel ditentukan melalui Desk Top Study yang dilaksanakan oleh Balai Teknologi Survei Kelautan-BPPT dengan memanfaatkan informasi dan data sekunder sebagai usulan awal jalur survei. Ada beberapa potensi resiko yang bisa mengakibatkan hambatan dan kerugian pada saat penggelaran kabel, yang mana hal ini tidak bisa diidentifikasi dari data sekunder. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan survei laut, kajian dan analisis hasil survei untuk mengurangi resiko tersebut. Metoda survei laut yang diterapkan dalam kajian ini meliputi survei hidrografi, survei geofisika dangkal, dan pengambilan contoh sedimen. Hasil survei menunjukan adanya beberapa lokasi berpotensi bisa menyebabkan hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pengeelaran kabel yang disebabkan adanya objek objek berbahaya didasar laut, kelerengan dasar laut yang tajam, penurunan permukaan dasar laut, adanya terumbu karang dan kanal. Dari analisis data dan analisis potensi resiko, hasil survei laut bukan merupakan revisi perubahan rute yang besar. Namun demikian survei laut ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengurangi hambatan pada saat proses penggelaran mengingat bahwa mesin penggelar kabel adalah mesin yang mahal sehingga kerugian yang diakibatkan tidak dilakukan survei laut akan jauh lebih besar apabila tidak dilakukan survei laut.Â Â Kata kunci: Survei laut, mengurangi, resiko, hambatan, penggelaran kabel
KONDISI SOSIAL-EKONOMI DAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR LUBANG BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA
Authors: Yudo Satmoko , Hernaningsih Taty
Published: August 2020

Sejak tahun 2000 an industri pertambangan batubara khususnya di Kalimantan semakin marak, hal ini membawa dampak yang sangat merugikan bagi lingkungan. Kini ribuan lubang bekas tambang dibiarkan tanpa pengelolaan dan tidak dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk sekitarnya. Lubang bekas penambangan yang ditinggalkan pada akhir kegiatan tambang tanpa adanya perencanaan pemanfaatan berpotensi menimbulkan dampak yang tidak diinginkan bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat sekitarnya. Dua lubang tambang bekas tambang sejak tahun 2010 sampai saat ini belum dimanfaatkan baik oleh perusahaan maupun masyarakat di sekitarnya. Untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat tentang keberadaan lubang bekas tambang maka telah dilakukan survei ke beberapa penduduk di sekitar lubang bekas tambang tersebut. Hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat sebagian besar setuju dengan rencana pemanfaatan lubang bekas tambang sebagai reservoir sumber air khususnya sebagai air bersih. Sebagian kecil masyarakat mempunyai pemikiran selain sebagai sumber air yaitu sebagai obyek wisata, tambak ikan nila, tempat pemancingan ikan dan untuk pengairan  sawah dan ladang.  Hasil survey ini akan menjadi dasar pertimbangan dalam merencanakan bentuk pemanfaatan dari void tersebut.  Kata kunci :lubang bekas tambang, persepsi masyarakat, reservoir sumber air.
WASTE EXCHANGE LIMBAH ONGGOK TAPIOKA DENGAN PROSES BIOLOGIK UNTUK PERIPTAAN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID
Authors: Ummi Nurul , Aviantara Dwindrata B
Published: August 2020

Onggok merupakan sisa dari proses penyarian singkong dengan cara pengepresan dalam produksi tapioka. Komposisinya yang didominasi oleh pati dan serat kasar membuka peluang pemanfaatan limbah onggok sebagai medium fermentasi padat untuk produksi PUFA. Periptaan PUFA secara biologik lazim menggunakan kapang Aspergillus. Aspergillus mampu menghasilkan asam lemak menyerupai asam lemak yang diperoleh dari minyak kelapa sawit, yakni linolenat dan linoleat. Kapang Aspergillus juga dikenal memiliki kemampuan mendegradasi bahan organik termasuk limbah sehingga berpotensi untuk diterapkan dalam mengolah limbah onggok, ampas tahu, molase serta dedak padi. Dengan memanfaatkan onggok sebagai media fermentasi padat seta sumber karbon dalam produksi PUFA maka terdapat potensi pengurangan biaya operasional dalam produksi PUFA. Hal ini akan meningkatkan keunggulan daya saing dalam produksi PUFA termasuk meningkatnya aspek kinerja dari sudut pandang lingkungan. Memanfaatkan limbah sebagai bahan baku dalam proses produksi merupakan penerapan nyata konsep waste to product atau waste exchange dalam membangun industri proses yang selaras dengan kaidah Sustainanle Consumption and Production. kata kunci : onggok, asam lemak tak jenuh, fermentasi padat, waste exchange, sustainable consumption and production, kualitas lingkungan
PEMETAAN POTENSI MATAAIR DI PULAU BALI
Authors: Rahardjo Noorhadi
Published: August 2020

There are three objectives of this research. First, to map springs location, second to know spring characteristic and third to calculat springs potency for domestic use. To reach these aims, springs location were plotted on map base on its coordinate. Springs characteristic were analysed descriptively by spatial analysis base on geologic, geomorphologic and hydrogeologic conditions. Springs potency were calculated base on its discharge, whereas domestic use was determined 60 l/person/day for rural and 120 l/person/day for urban area. The study shows, that springs distribution in Bali Island are not homogeny Springs appearance were controlled by geologic structure as fault and rock contact. The differences of discharge also depend on the structure. Contact between volcanic rock (tuff and lahar) from Buyan-Bratan-Batur Formations with another rock formation in its surrounding result many springs appereance with high discharge. Beside that, orohydrology properties of Agung Mount as strato volcanic result springs belt in a certain elevation and each slope changing. Base on calculation, springs potency in Bali Island are 628.800 m3/month,whereas the domestic use is 9.079.990 m3/month. So, the springs potency is just 6,9% from domestic use in Bali Island.Key words : springs potency, springs distribution, springs characteristic
STUDI BIONOMIK VEKTOR MALARIA DI KECAMATAN KALIBAWANG, KULONPROGO
Authors: Windarso dkk Sardjito Eko
Published: August 2020

The increasing of malaria cases in recent years at Kecamatan Kalibawang has been suspected correspond with the conversion of farming land-use which initiated in 1993. Four years after the natural vegetation in this area were changed become cocoa and coffee commercial farming estates, the number of malaria cases in 1997 rose more than six times, and in 2000 it reached 6085. This study were aimed to observe whether there were any differences in density and diversity of Anopheles as malaria vector between the cocoa and mix farming during dry and rainy seasons. The results of the study are useful for considering the appropriate methods, times and places for mosquito vector controlling. The study activities comprised of collecting Anopheles as well as identifying the species to determine the density and diversity of the malaria vector. Both activities were held four weeks in dry season and four weeks in rainy season. The mea-surement of physical factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were also conducted to support the study results. Four dusuns which meet the criteria and had the highest malaria cases were selected as study location. Descriptively, the results shows that the number of collected Anopheles in cocoa farming were higher compared with those in mix horticultural farming; and the number of Anopheles species identifi ed in cocoa farming were also more varied than those in the mix horticultural farming.Key words: bionomik vektor malaria, anopheles,
PERANCANGAN MENGGUNAKAN PROGRAM VISUAL BASIC 6 UNTUK PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR DENGAN AERATED LAGOON
Authors: Subagio Heru
Published: August 2020

Dimension of aerated lagoon and another unit operation in this system can easy counted by this software. This software uses VISUAL BASIC6 computer language. Waste water treated have pH between 6.5 and 8, biodegradable waste and BOD less than 500. This waste water treatment need big fi eld and separate far away from people because bad smelt.This software also will guess BOD output and fl ow diagram this system.Key words: aerated lagoon, biodegradable, BOD, pH
PERLAKUAN ETHYL METHANE SULFONATE (EMS) PADA ENTEROBACTER AEROGENES AY-2 DARI LIMBAH METAN FERMENTASI UNTUK PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI GAS HIDROGEN
Authors: Rachman Mahyudin Abdul
Published: August 2020

Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2 mutant is known for hydrogen gas producer which ws obtained from the sludge of methane fermentation and the yield is 1.5 fold higher than wildtype. Hydrogen gas production can be gain via NADH oxidation in anaerobic metabolic pathway by blocking organic acid production. Metabolic pathway can be changed by mutagenesis. Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2 mutated with ethyl methane sulfonate in logarithmic phase with consentration 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 Î¼l/ml cell suspention during 120 minute. Mutation that result lowest survival ratio (0,01%) was 14 Î¼l EMS/ml cell suspention is repeated with variation incubation time, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minute. 166 double mutant colony has been collected and choosen randomly. The choosen 43 colony was fermented in glycerol complex medium for determining ten double mutant with the highest H2 production. Double mutant AD-H43 is a highest H2 producer that increase 20% H2 production from AY-2 and has a decrease lactid acid production, 31% less from AY-2. Increasing H2 production in double mutant AD-H43 is caused by lactate dehydrogenase deffi cient.Keywords: Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), H2 and methane sludge
ANALISIS PRODUKSI EMISI CO2 BERDASARKAN PRAKIRAAN PEMAKAIAN ENERGI 2008-2030 DI INDONESIA TERHADAP DUNIA
Authors: Nurdyastuti Indyah
Published: August 2020

An increase on population and income of people will be followed by an increase on the energy utilization. As consequence, the CO2 emission from the energy utilization also increases that has impact on increasing environmental problem. The increase of CO2 emission can be reduced by the utilization environment friendly energy source and technology such as using low carbon energysource and increasing the effi ciency of energy technology. In 2008, most of CO2 emission from energy utilization in the world was contributed from OECDcountries. Most of the CO2 emission from the energy utilization was from electric generation sector. The CO2 emission from energy source is infl uenced by carbon content and combustion system that used in the utilization. Total CO2 emission in the world was almost 33.932 million ton that about 1,3% or 438 million ton was contributed from Indonesia. These emission is estimated to increase in thegrowth rate of 3,5% per year until 2030.Key words: CO2 emission, energy utilization.
EVALUASI KUALITAS PERAIRAN DALAM PEMBENIHAN IKAN KERAPU TIKUS (Cromileptis altivelis) Di HATCHERY PERAIRAN TANJUNG RIAU BATAM
Authors: Aliah Ratu Siti
Published: August 2020

An evaluation of the water quality at the hatchery of Tanjung Riau was conducted to understand the water quality status at the several place of the hatchery unit such as brood stock tanks, larva rearing tank, water storage tank, fi ngerling tank as well as the source of the water supply. The water quality status of Tanjung Riau generally is in a good condition to support the hatchery activities, but for turbidity and salinity were in the exceed and below the normal status and its infl uence on the spawning activity. To overcome the problem on the spawning of the brood stock, the improving of water supply with higher salinity and low turbidity should be set up to ensure the succeeded of the spawning.Key words : Water quality, grouper brood stock, hatchery,Tanjung Riau Batam
CEMARAN CENDAWAN MISELIA STERIL DAN PENGENDALIANNYA
Authors: Ahmad Riza Zainuddin
Published: August 2020

The contamination of fungi is an important problem which must be known and controled. Mycelia sterile is one of contaminated fungi which is seldom known and must be studied. Different morphology, reproduction and physiology of this fungi is important to study because of the strategy for its control. The aim of this research is to study mycelium sterile and the procedure for its controll. The observation was conducted on fungi suspected included mycelia sterile for 3 years at IRCVS Mycology laboratory. Isolation, identification and re inoculation in agar medium wasconducted on suspected fungi as mycelia sterile. The results show that 10 fungi are mycelia sterile. From this research result, it can concluded that mycelium sterile is a contaminating fungi and it is assumed that it can be controlled.Keywords: Mycelia sterile, contamination, control.
PERKEMBANGAN PRADEWASA DAN LAMA HIDUP IMAGO Psyttalia sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), PARASITOID LARVA LALAT BUAH Bactrocera dorsalis HEND (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Pujiastuti Yulia
Published: August 2020

The objective of the research were to investigate level parasitization, immature development period, longevity of adult parasitoids, along with number of progeny and parasitoid sex of Psyttalia sp. attacking larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis. This experiment was conducted in Laboratory of Entomology, Department Plant Pest and Diseases Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University from March to September 2007. The result showed that the average level of parasitization of Psyttalia sp. reached 24.24%. The highest one was 30% and the lowest was 16.7%. The immature development period of Psyttalia sp. ranged from 24-31 days with average 27.5 days. Longevity of imago parasitoids which stored at 5 0C was 14.1 days. In the research, the progeny of parasitoids which produced was females with percentage of females reached 59.99% and percentage of males reached 39.99%.Keywords: fruit flies, Bactrocera dorsalis, parasitoid, Psyttalia sp.
KAJIAN KEMAMPUAN MUTAN BAKTERI Pseudomonas sp MENDEGRADASI BENZENA DALAM MIKROKOSMOS AIR TANAH
Authors: Fahruddin Fahruddin
Published: August 2020

Mutation induction with UV can increase microbe capacity in do metabolite includes in mendegradasi polutanâ€™s material. mutagenesis UVâ€™s result from isolat wildtipe Pseudomonas sp (ICBB33p) gotten two mutants which is ICBB33 4 and ICBB33 18. To the effect this research is done to test isolatâ€™s ability that mutant bacteria is deep degradation benzene by compares with isolat parental or wildtipe. Mutant application is done on ground water microcosm that contains to concentrate benzene 125 ppm results benzene concentration decreases 17,82 ppm (86%) for ICBB33â€™S mutant 4 and 13,37 ppm (89%) for ICBB33â€™S mutant cell 18 , meanwhile parentalâ€™s cell stills to remain benzene concentration as big as 35,8 ppm (70%) of startup concentration 125 ppm. Decrease concentrates benzene, followed by population amount step-up bacteria cell and COâ€™s amount step-up 2 one that resultant.Key word: biodegradasiâ€™s capacity step-up, UV- mutation, benzene, mutant.
TINJAUAN MANFAAT KOMPOS DAN APLIKASINYA PADA BERBAGAI BIDANG PERTANIAN
Authors: Wahyono Sri
Published: August 2020

Application of chemical fertilizer without adding organic mater causing land poor in nutrients and low of microbial diversity. It causes dedradation of land fertility. This situation can be solved by applying of compost. Nevertheless, macronutriens content of compost are low, it has advantages such as improving physical soil properties, soil permeability, porosity, structure, water holding capacity, etc.Compost application effect is depend on the type of plant and physico-chemical properties of soil, compost characteristics, doses and time of compost application. Compost aplication is agronomically and economically benefit for farming activities that is in line with the organic farming.Key words: Compost, fertilizer, agricultural
TEKNIK BIOFLOKULASI Alcaligenes latus PADA INDUSTRI TAPIOKA UNTUK MENGURANGI PENCEMARAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Retnani Yuli
Published: August 2020

Almost all of the tapioca industries in Bogor are small scale industries and have not implemented the cleaner production practices yet. Results of the survey showed that careless in discharging process of solid and liquid wastes and the absent of waste treatment caused pollution. Utilization of solid waste to handle liquid waste is one of the application of cleaner production. Onggok as solid waste has been utilized to minimize the negative effect of the liquid tapioca waste. It is used as medium of Alcaligenes latus. The microbecan grow well in glucose produce from the onggok in concentration of 5 g/l and fermentation period of 30 days. Treatment with biofloculation reduced liquid waste turbidity by 54%, TSS 60%, BOD by 33%, COD by 34% and cyanide content by 41%. Treatment with biofloculation and dilution reduce turbidity by 89%, TSS by 91%, BOD by 62%, COD by 70% and cyanide content by 78%. Finally, combination of biofloculation, aeration and dilution treatment reduce turbidity by 93%, TSS by 95%, BOD by 71%, COD by 74% and cyanide content by 35%.Key words: biofloculation, solid and liquid waste tapioca, Alcaligenes latus
ORIENTASI EKONOMI DALAM SISTEM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DOMESTIK TERPADU DI INDONESIA
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto
Published: August 2020

Environmental life cycle assessment on Integrated solid waste management hasdeveloped rapidly during the 1990s and has reached a certain level of harmonisation and standardisation. LCA has mainly been developed for analysing material products, but can also be applied to services, e.g. treatment of a particular amount of solid waste. This paper discusses some methodological issues which come into focus when LCAs are applied to solid waste management systems. The following issues are discussed. (1) Open-loop recycling allocation: besides taking care of a certain amount of solid waste, many treatment processes also provide additional functions, e.g. energy or materials which are recycled into other products. Two important questions which arise are if an allocation between the different functions should be made (and if so how), or if system boundaries shouldÂ be expanded to include several functions. (2) Multi-input allocation: in waste treatment processes, different materials and products are usually mixed. In many applications there is a need to allocate environmental interventions from the treatment processes to the different input materials. (3) Time: emissions from landfills will continue for a long time.An important issue to resolve is the length of time emissions from the landfill should be considered. Effective schemes need the flexibility to design, adapt and operate systems in ways which best meet current social, economic and environmental conditions. These are likely to change over time and vary by geography. The need for consistency in quality and quantity of recycled materials, compost or energy, the need to support a range of disposaloptions and the benefit of economies of scale, all suggest that integrated waste management should be organized on a large-scale, regional basis. Any scheme incorporating recycling, composting or waste-to-energy technologies must be market-orientated. There must be markets for products and energy.Keywords : municiple solid waste management, economic orientation of waste
MASALAH DAN ALTERNATIF TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR UNTUK MASYARAKAT MISKIN KOTA
Authors: Herlambang Arie
Published: August 2020

Clean water to poor communities who live in crowded municipal area is stillexpensive and a luxury. This condition is evidenced by the number of people whouse ground water for their daily water, because water taps still seems expensivefor them. Diarrheal disease is still relatively high for Indonesia, where nearly 16thousand people suffer from diarrhea due to poor sanitation. To help the poor inthe city, there are several alternative technologies that can be applied to publicaccess to clean water and adequate low-cost, including ground water treatmenttechnology with a filter system equipped with an ultraviolet sterilizer, or ozonegenerators, or using ultrafiltration, if possible can also use the reverse osmosismembrane that for fresh water. Arsinum is the best alternative should be chosenfor fulfilled potable water in slump area.Keywords : Sanitation, water treatment technology, portable water, low-cost, slump area
AIR LIMBAH INDUSTRI BIOETANOL BERBAHAN BAKU UBI KAYU SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PRODUKSI BIOGAS
Authors: Mulyanto Adi
Published: August 2020

As a tropical country, Indonesia has riches of biomass. Cassava is one of biomass which contains plenty of carbohydrate. Carbohydrate then is utilized as a source for producing bioethanol. In producing of bioethanol, the process also yield side product named vinasse.Â Vinasse is produced from distillation process of solution containing ethanol which has concentration between 7 and 10%. Vinasse contents very high organic substances with COD and BOD concentration amounting of 30,000 mg/L and 27,000 mg/L respectively. Vinasse was then treated in an anaerobic process by using fixed bed digester. Anaerobic fixed bed digester volume was 225 L. The digester was provided with support materialsmade from cutted PVC pipe. The support materials has void volume of 93%. Therefore, the effective volume of the digester was 209 liters. The digester was operated by upflow mode. Research result from this experiment will be utilized as basic design for producing biogas at a bioethanol plant located in Lampung Tengah. Capacity of the plant is 8,000 litres of bioethanol per day. Whereas the vinasse produced is 100,000 litres per day.Keywords: bioethanol, vinasse,fixed bed digester, biogas, casava waste water
ANALYSIS OF RAW WATER SUSTAINABILITY AT BABON WATERSHED (A Case Study of Semarang City)
Authors: M., dkk Raymond
Published: August 2020

Babon Watershed (DAS) is one of the watersheds which one located are Central Java. It has been used as a source of raw water for agriculture, industry, drinking water and other household needs. That needs to be assessed the level of sustainability in watershed management of the raw water. This study aims to analyze the sustainability index and the statusÂ of management of raw water from the three dimensions of sustainability. Analysis methods used â€œmultidimensional scalingâ€ (MDS) called Rap WARESMA. The results are expressed in index form and the status of sustainability. The analysis showed that the ecological dimension ofsustainability are at less status (26.54%), dimension less sustainable economicstatus (43.18%) and socio-cultural dimension to the status of sustainable enough(50.83%). Of the 30 attributes that were analyzed contained 15 attributes influencing sensitive to the index and the status of sustainability with a verysmall error at 95% confidence level.keywords: watershed, multidimensional scaling, water, sustainability watershed management
XYLANASE, AN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY BLEACHING AGENT FOR PULP AND PAPER: Characterization And Stabilization Study Of Bacillus licheniformis I-5 CRUDE Xylanase
Authors: Wahyuntari., dkk Budiasih
Published: August 2020

Isolate I-5 was isolated from Ciseeng hot spring, West Java and was identified as Bacillus licheniformis I-5. The isolate produces extracellular xylanolytic enzymes on Oatspelt containing Luria broth agar medium. Optimal activity of the crude enzyme was Â observed at 50ÂºC and pH 7. The effect of sodium dodecyl sulphate, b-mercaptoethanol and Triton-X100 were observed. Incubating the crude enzyme in 1.5% SDS and 1.5% b-mercaptoethanol at 50oC for 90 minutes then adding Triton-X100 at final concentration of 3.5% for 45 minutes only reduced 5.75% of the initial enzyme activity. SDS/PAGE and zymogram analysis showed that at least two xylanolytic enzymes presence in the crude enzyme. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated about 127 and 20kD. The enzyme hydrolysed xylan into xylobiose, xylotriose and other longer xylooligosaccharides. Thermal stability of the crude enzyme was observed at 50, 60, and 70oC and pH 7 and 8. The results showed that the half time of the crude enzyme incubated at 50, 60, and 70oC pH 7 was 2 hours 55 minutes; 2 hours 33 minutes and 1 hour 15 minutes respectively. The half time at 50, 60 and 70oC, pH 8 was 2 hours 48 minutes; 1 hour 22 minutes and 1 hour 9 minutes respectively.keywords: Xilanase, Bacillus licheniformis I-5, thermal stability
FIXED MONITORING SYSTEM FOR MONITORING GAS GENERATED IN WASTE LANDFILL
Authors: Wahjono Heru Dwi
Published: August 2020

Gas produced by landfill is bio-gas that has a high concentration of methane that could cause global warming if not controlled. Good management of a landfill in controling the production of methane gas, can be used as an alternative sources of energy to produce electrical energy. Monitoring of methane gas production needs to be done continuously for the energy conversion process can take place perfectly without polluting the environment. Fixed monitoring system described in this paper is the result of design and development including hardware and software of monitoring technology for methane gas to facilitate research in doing observations of a landfill performance.keywords : final disposal, landfill gas, methane, landfill performance, fixed landfill gas monitoring system
INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY IN DISTRICT PANDEGLANG USING OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE (OSS)
Authors: Wahjono Heru Dwi
Published: August 2020

Clean water needs in almost all regions in Indonesia became a very important thing nowadays, although the areas not experiencing drought. This is due to existing water is no longer eligible for use as daily life water. In some areas the water have been polluted and certain natural conditions make it difficult for population to get their water. Pandeglang district is one of disadvantaged areas that experiencing problems of clean water needs, although this area has water resources are abundant. To help residents in solving this problem, it will be required an information of water treatment technology that can be widely accessed by residents in the Pandeglang district. By using opensource software applications, the information system for water treatment technology can be developed to provide information of appropriate technology needs for solving the problem of providing clean water in Pandeglang.keywords : information system for technology, clean water management, waste water treatment, environmental technology, hypertext document, free open sourcesoftware (OSS).
DETERMINING THE DESALINATION UNIT COMPOSITION FOR COSTAL AREAS AND SMALL ISLANDS USE ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS
Authors: Setiadi Imam , Hartaja Dinda Rita K.
Published: August 2020

Selection of the appropriate composition desalination units can be done with a variety of method approaches, one of the method is the Analytic Hierarchy Process. In determining the desalination unit with AHP method to consider is setting a goal, an alternative criteria and pairwise comparison. Research for the determination of the exact composition of the desalination unit in order to achieve sustainable drinking water suppy in coastal areas and small islands has been conducted. The results of the study are as follows, the energy demand of 50.83%, operator costs of 26.64%, maintenance costs of 14.13% and chemical requirement 8.4%. For an alternative composition desalination unit of RO 10 m3 / day is the best alternative composition with value of 59.61%, the composition of the next alternative is RO 20 m3/ day of 30.40% and the last alternative of the desalination unit composition is RO 120 m3/ day of 09.99%.Key words : Desalination, Mukti Stage Flash Composition, AHP
REVIEWS OF ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS ON WASTE WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Hernaningsih Taty
Published: August 2020

Waste water treatment by industry usually uses chemicals that may lead to additional environmental pollution load. On the other hand, water demand increases and environmental regulations regarding waste water disposal requirements that apply more stringent. It is necessary for waste treatment technique that accommodate this requirement. Electrocoagulation process is a technique of wastewater treatment that has been chosen because the technique is environmentally friendly. This paper will review some of the research or application electrocoagulation process which is conducted on industrial waste water. Types of industrial waste water that is to be reviewed include: industries batik, sarongs, textiles, palm oil, slaughterhouses, food, leather tanning, laundry, pulp and paper. Overview reviewed in this research include the waste water treatment process in several processing variations such as: change in time, electricity and kind of electrodes. The results of the research with electrocoagulation process in the industry are the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, Chrome, phosphate, surfactants, color turbidity influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. The results of the study with electrocoagulation process in the industry is the removal efficiency of TSS, COD, BOD5, chromium, phosphate, surfactant, turbidity color that are influenced by several factors including time, strong current, voltage, distance and type of electrode and pH. It is hoped the information presented in this article can be a reference for similar research for the improvement of research on the process ektrokoagulasi.Key words: elektrocoagulation, removal eficiency, environmental friendly
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF ONLINE MONITORING SYSTEM INSTALLATION IN CILIWUNG RIVER
Authors: Yudo Satmoko
Published: August 2020

Ciliwung River flows through the city center and passes through the village, dense housing and slums. So that the river is experiencing the most severe pollution mainly household waste water and industrial pollution compared with other rivers that flow in Jakarta. One of the efforts to control pollution of the river is by monitoring the water quality of the river. This monitoring should be carried out continuously online to analyze the quality of water entering or residing in the water bodies. To support the plan of installing online monitoring system of river water quality is necessary to know the perception of people who are in locations where the system installed. This is done with the aim to socialized the implementation plan and to determine the support and participation of the public in the vicinity. The results of this study show that the majority of the population supports the installation of technology online water quality monitoring in the Ciliwung River. With the hope that people can know directly how the conditions of Ciliwung River water quality.Key words: Ciliwung river, online monitoring of water quality technology, public perception
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION OF DOMESTIC WWTP OFFICE BUILDING AND ALTERNATIVE TO OVERCOME THEM (CASE STUDY : PT. USAHA GEDUNG BDN, JAKARTA)
Authors: Rahardjo Petrus Nugro , Widayat Wahyu
Published: August 2020

In general, the main problem of domestic wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for office buildings in Jakarta is the incompatibility between the surface load of wastewater and the capacity of WWTP. At the beginning a capacity of WWTP is already predetermined and corresponding to the rate of wastewater generated. But because of the demands of the means for the benefit of various business, so that the capacities of the office building should be developed. This case occurred on PT. Usaha Gedung BDN. Four environmental parameters, namely TSS, Ammonia, Grease & Oil and COD, produced from the WWTP still exceeded the allowable quality standards. Therefore PT. Usaha Gedung BDN immediately needs WWTP capacity development plan which is adequate. Various types of technology have been widely available and ready to be used to overcome the problems of the WWTP. But on this occasion it is advisable to develop the existing WWTP facilities by adding a new WWTP unit. The first WWTP is functioned as the preliminary processing unit and the new WWTP will become an advanced processing unit. The use of a combination of anaerobic-aerobic biofilter will be relied upon to reduce pollutants that can qualify water quality standards in accordance with applicable regulations.keywords : problem identification, domestic wwtp, advanced processing
Noise Komunikasi dalam Penanganan WABAH COVID-19 (Studi Deskriptif-Kualitatif Penanganan Covid-19 di NTB)
Authors: Nur Muhammad Jamiluddin , Andhita Pundra Rengga , Safitri Baiq Vira
Published: August 2020

Muhammad Jamiluddin Nur[1], Pundra Rengga Andhita[2], Baiq Vira Safitri[3]ABSTRACTThis study aims to describe the communication noise that occurs in the process of handling the Covid-19 outbreak in NTB. This research is important to be carried out to provide insight of communication science. In addition, this research can also be a government reference in composing effective communication in handling current and future outbreaks, especially related to communication noise. The method used in this research is descriptive-qualitative. Thus, the data presented is qualitative data. Quantitative data is only used by researchers to strengthen argumentation. Data sources in this research are various mass media, books, research reports that are relevant to this research topic. The researcher presents this research by describing the cases then analyzing the case with the relevant concepts and references. After that, researchers draw conclusions based on the results of the analysis based on observations and searches of various sources. This study found that there was communication noise in the Covid-19 handling process in NTB. The noise is physical, technical, semantic, and psychological noise. Physical noise affects people with disabilities because they receive less attention. Technical noise affected the process of aid distribution and outreach of the Covid-19 outbreak. Semantic noise causes the public insight into the concepts used by the government. Psychological noise makes people not follow the government's appeal.Keyword: Noise, Communication, Covid-19[1] Universitas Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, jamilnur@unram.ac.id[2] Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Surakarta, Indonesia, pra702@ums.ac.id[3] Universitas Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia, b.vira.safitri@gmail.com
Relación entre sobrecarga y competencias del cuidar en cuidadores informales de personas con enfermedades crónicas
Authors: Del Ángel-García Julia Elena , León Hernández Rodrigo César , Méndez Santos Gregorio , Peñarrieta de Córdoba Isabel , Flores-Barrios Florabel
Published: August 2020

Introducción. El desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas y sus posibles complicaciones conllevan la necesidad de recibir cuidados de alguna persona del entorno social o familiar, quien se convierte en cuidador informal. Al desempeñar su rol, esta persona puede experimentar situaciones o características propias del cuidador que repercuten en las competencias del cuidar y sobrecarga, aspectos que podrían afectar la díada cuidador-cuidado. Objetivo. Identificar la relación entre competencias del cuidar y sobrecarga en cuidadores informales de personas con enfermedades crónicas. Metodología. Estudio transversal-correlacional, n= 259 cuidadores informales de personas con enfermedades crónicas, usuarios de dos hospitales generales de Tamaulipas, seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico, intencional. Se aplicó una cédula de datos sociodemográficos, instrumento Zarit y CUIDAR. Para el análisis, se aplicó estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados. Los cuidadores fueron mayormente mujeres, con parentesco de hija y esposa. Se detectó una correlación negativa y estadísticamente significativa (rs= -.160, p= 0.01) entre la sobrecarga y competencias del cuidar. Discusión. El perfil de los cuidadores de este estudio concuerda con la literatura internacional. La correlación entre las variables de investigación se ha documentado en escasos estudios, por lo que representa un avance de conocimiento en el ámbito de los cuidadores. Conclusión. Se evidenció una correlación que se puede interpretar de la siguiente manera: “a mayor sobrecarga, menor competencias del cuidar”. Hallazgo que evidencia necesidades en conocimientos y habilidades para ejercer de forma óptima el rol de cuidador y por ende, tener la capacidad de afrontar situaciones de sobrecarga.
Understanding of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine on Swimming Shoulder
Authors: Shen Jian , Yang Fan , Huang Pengsong , Jin Bin
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Swimming shoulder refers to shoulder pain syndrome which is caused by repeated impinges on shoulder joints among swimmers. It is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain among swimmers with high incidence. Swimming shoulder can affect the systematization of swimmers' training and the improvement of their training level and performance, which is a difficult problem for many swimmers, coaches, medical staff and sports medical doctors. Therefore, attention should be paid to the treatment of swimming shoulder in daily diagnosis and treatment.
Entraves e perspectivas de um curso de formação sobre Economia Solidária em universidades: relato de caso
Authors: Pires Sanyo Drummond , Silveira Renan Gabriel Oviedo
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo apresenta os resultados de um projeto de extensão estruturado como curso, voltado para a capacitação na área da Economia Solidária. Inicialmente voltado para capacitar membros de gestões municipais e estudantes universitários, o projeto foi marcado por uma série de problemas, que levaram à sua extinção prematura, e não consecução total dos objetivos propostos. Os problemas enfrentados foram então analisados a partir de uma reflexão sobre as formas de institucionalização da relação da universidade pública, e principalmente das incubadoras, com a economia solidária. Ao final do artigo são feitas propostas de revisão do modelo de institucionalização dessa relação, e sugeridas ações específicas que poderiam ser adotadas.
Implementasi Patient Centered dan Palliative Care Pada Pasien Life Limiting Illness Di Rumah Sakit PKU Gamping Yogyakarta
Authors: Rosa Elsye Maria , Rochmawati Erna , Sulistyowati Ekorini
Published: August 2020

AbstrakLife limiting illness (LLI) adalah penyakit yang tidak memiliki harapan untuk dapat disembuhkan, bahkan kematian akan menjadi konsekuensi langsung dari penyakit yang dideritanya. Pendekatan komprehensif yang dapat diberikan pada  pasien dengan Life limiting illness (LLI), untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yaitu dengan menerapkan Patient Centered Care dalam pemberian Perawatan Palliative. Tujuan Pengabdian masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kemampuan petugas kesehatan di RS dalam memberikan pelayanan bagi pasien LLI mengunakan pendekatan Patient Centered Care dan Palliative care. Metode yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan petugas adalah dengan menggunakan pelatihan dan role play mengenai peran masing-masing profesi dalam memberikan asuhan kepada pasien LLI. Kemampuan petugas terlihat pada Kepatuhan petugas dalam melakukan pelayanan pada pasien LLI, terlihat pada hasil Kepatuhan pengisian rekam medis secara terpadu oleh semua petugas kesehatan. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat dengan menggunakan metode pelatihan dan role play ini secara signifikan mempengaruhi peningkatan kekampuan petugas dalam mengasuh pasien LLI. Hasil yang paling terlihat adalah pengisian rekam medis secara terpadu yang diisi oleh petugas kesehatan.Kata kunci: kepatuhan petugas; palliative care; patient centered care. The Implementation Patient Centered and Palliative Care In Life Limiting Illness Patients At PKU Gamping Yogyakarta Hospital AbstractLife limiting illness (LLI) is a disease that has no hope of being cured, even death will be a direct consequence of the illness. A comprehensive approach that can be given to patients with Life Limiting illness (LLI), to improve the quality of service is to apply Patient Centered Care in the provision of Palliative Care. Community service aims  to improve the ability of health workers in hospitals to provide services for LLI patients using the Patient Centered Care and Palliative care approaches. The method used to improve officers can use to training and role play regarding the role of each profession in providing care to LLI patients. The ability of officers is seen in the Compliance of officers in providing services to LLI patients, seen in the results of Compliance in filling medical records in an integrated manner by all health workers. The results of community service by using training methods and role play significantly influence the increase in the ability of officers to care for LLI patients. The most visible result is filling medical records in an integrated manner filled by health workers.Keywords: compliance health service; palliative care; patient centered care.
Koronan valossa ja varjossa
Authors: Sireni Maarit
Published: August 2020

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Photometric analysis of eclipsing binary stars
Authors: AL-Abudi Bushra Qassim
Published: August 2020

In this paper, photometric analysis of two short period group of the eclipsing binaries (RS CVn); RT And and BH Vir is presented. New physical and geometric parameters were obtained by performing two computer modeling. The first model is software package PHOEBE based on the Wilson–Devinney method, and the second is Binary Maker 3 (BM3).Our results are in good agreement with those obtained using the same modeling.
Adaptive inter frame compression using image segmented technique
Authors: Ismeel Ban Sabah
Published: August 2020

The computer vision branch of the artificial intelligence field is concerned with developing algorithms for analyzing video image content. Extracting edge information, which is the essential process in most pictorial pattern recognition problems. A new method of edge detection technique has been introduces in this research, for detecting boundaries.

           Selection of typical lossy techniques for encoding edge video images are also discussed in this research. The concentration is devoted to discuss the Block-Truncation coding technique and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coding technique. In order to reduce the volume of pictorial data which one may need to store or transmit, the research modifies a method for video image data compression based on the two-component code; in this coding technique, the video image is partitioned into regions of slowly varying intensity. The contours separating the regions are coded by DCT, while the rest image regions are coded by Block-Truncation Coding. this hybrid coding technique called segmented image coding (SIC). Also in this paper A modify of the four step search for motion Estimation technique was produce. for searching scheme has been introduced which is contributed in decreasing  the motion estimation  searching time of the successive inter frames.
Modelling of electron trajectories inside SEM chamber concerning mirror effect phenomenon
Authors: Khaleel Imad H.
Published: August 2020

A computational investigation is carried out to describe the behaviour of reflected electrons upon a charged insulator sample and producing mirror effect images. A theoretical expression for the scanning electron path equation is derived concerning Rutherford scattering and some electrostatic aspects. The importance of the derived formula come from its correlation among some of the most important parameters that controls the mirror effect phenomena. These parameters, in fact, are the trapped charges, incident angle and the scanning potential which investigated by considering its influences on the incident electrons. A pervious experimental operation requirements are adopted for operating the introduced expression. However, the obtained results are almost encouraged for using the presented expression to simulate the electron trajectory in sense of mirror effect.