bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identidades culturais em Uma pálida visão dos montes, de Kazuo Ishiguro
Authors: Andrade Tassiana Calsavara
Published: November 2023

Escrever sobre o passado, principalmente assumindo uma posição de distanciamento, pode gerar grandes reflexões. O romance Uma Pálida Visão dos Montes, de Kazuo Ishiguro apresenta essa característica e uma forma de escrita que o transforma em uma obra singular. Neste artigo, através de base teórica acerca da construção de identidade e da cultura, juntamente com os trechos do romance de Ishiguro, conexões serão feitas e ponderações sobre como a identidade cultural não é algo imutável, mas é construída a partir do desenvolvimento e movimento de cada um.
Estruturas de ficção nos jogos de ausência/presença em Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit e Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close
Authors: Araújo Laura Ribeiro
Published: November 2023

Em Oranges are not the Only Fruit e Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close encontramos obras pós-modernas de literatura em língua inglesa com protagonistas que se apoiam estruturas de ficção para dar sentido ao trauma que vivenciam em suas próprias realidades. Jacques Rancière, em seus vários escritos sobre literatura, aponta para o potencial da ficção em munir-nos com essas estruturas e definir o que é ou não apreensível no empírico que nos rodeia diariamente. Nesse artigo, reflito sobre o modo como ambos os romances se valem dessa mesma lógica estruturante na construção e subsequente superação do trauma por meio da redistribuição do sensível que lhes é particular.
“#PorQueEu?”: análise discursiva-crítica de representações racistas orientadoras de abordagens policiais
Authors: Oliveira Hellyel Fontes , Carvalho Alexandra Bittencourt de
Published: November 2023

Este artigo analisa, discursiva e criticamente, as representações discursivas que orientam abordagens policiais, em relatos nos posts de divulgação da campanha #PorQueEu? no Instagram. Para tanto, apropriamo-nos da Teoria Social do Discurso (Fairclough, 2016 [1992]) e de teorias sociais que abordam a filtragem racial (Anunciação; Trad; Ferreira, 2020; Pinc, 2014). Tendo como método o modelo tridimensional do discurso de Fairclough (2016 [1992]), analisamos e descrevemos os fenômenos linguísticos e as categorias macrossemânticas identificadas nos relatos, interpretamos discursivamente os dados para, enfim, explanarmos criticamente sobre as ideologias raciais ali operadas. Observamos que as abordagens policiais são estimuladas pela identidade racial e potencializadas pelas representações racistas, produzidas por policiais, a partir da faixa etária, do potencial de consumo e do espaço urbano em que corpos negros circulam.
ethos (des)encaixados do conto "Senhor Diretor", de Lygia Fagundes Telles
Authors: Gomes Marcos Vinicius Rodrigues , Moura Sérgio Arruda de
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo é uma análise do conto Senhor Diretor, de Lygia Fagundes Telles, sob a perspectiva teórica da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, segundo a proposta de Dominique Maingueneau. Relacionando a AD aos estudos de literatura, o foco da análise é a noção de encaixamento de ethos nos textos literários. Assim, o estudo busca mostrar como se constrói o ethos da personagem narradora e como ele se articula ao ethos da autora. O conto mencionado constitui o corpus da pesquisa, que se realiza com base no levantamento bibliográfico indicado. Por fim, concluiu-se que, ao longo de um discurso fragmentado, a personagem tenta construir um ethos moralista e conservador, mas revela um ethos amargurado e infeliz com sua trajetória num mundo machista. A discrepância entre os ethé concede o tom irônico da narrativa, na qual a autora critica a sociedade burguesa de uma época marcada pela ditadura militar.
Amora e a existência lésbica: a autorrepresentação na literatura de autoria feminina
Authors: Moraes Izabelly Tavares de
Published: November 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar, na obra de Natalia Borges Polesso, elementos da existência lésbica que são apresentados através da autorrepresentação. Foram selecionados para o corpus do trabalho os contos “Como te extraño, Clara”, “Flor, flores, ferro retorcido”, e “Diáspora lésbica”, presentes em sua coletânea Amora (2021). Os contos selecionados para o corpus do trabalho possuem personagens que fogem da representação estereotipada da lesbianidade, trazendo exposição de múltiplas experiências e identidades lésbicas. O estudo se baseia nas teorias elaboradas por Adrienne Rich (2012), Monique Wittig (2022), Hélène Cixous (2022), Audre Lorde (2019), dentre outros autores que se fizeram necessários para a análise dos contos.
Relações de posse no falar de Fortaleza: uma análise variacionista de fatores extralinguísticos
Authors: Ferreira Sara Alexandre , Silva Francisco de Assis Pereira da , Araújo Aluiza Alves de
Published: November 2023

Tendo por base os fundamentos da teoria da variação e mudança linguística empiricamente orientada por Weinreich, Labov e Herzog (2006 [1968]), este artigo se propõe a analisar os fatores extralinguísticos que condicionam as relações de posse das formas nosso/a(-s) e da gente nos dados do corpus do Projeto Descrição do Português Oral Culto de Fortaleza – PORCUFORT (Fase II). As variáveis extralinguísticas consideradas são sexo, faixa etária, tipo de inquérito, naturalidade dos pais, escolaridade (IES pública ou particular) e localidade (por região). O banco de dados de nossa pesquisa conta com 70 informantes, extraídos dos tipos de inquéritos DID (Diálogo entre Informante e Documentador) e D2 (Diálogo entre Dois Informantes), estratificados de acordo com o sexo, a faixa etária e o tipo de registro, contando com um total de 509 ocorrências. O programa estatístico GOLDVARB X selecionou, por ordem de relevância, os grupos de fatores faixa etária e regional como favorecedores da variante da gente. Os achados mais notáveis indicam que a forma de posse da gente ainda apresenta contextos de restrição de ocorrência. Disso extraímos que a variante inovadora, na comunidade de fala culta fortalezense, mostra-se ainda estar distante de ser implementada.
Vozes ao vento: a representação da polifonia e da carnavalização no romance El viento que arrasa
Authors: Barbosa Amanda Dezan , Pinto Ana Carolina Teixeira
Published: November 2023

A escritora argentina contemporânea Selva Almada vem ganhando espaço na literatura latino-americana pela originalidade de sua escrita. Suas narrativas possuem como característica estarem inseridas em espaços afastados dos grandes centros urbanos e capitais, mostrando as relações estabelecidas nos cotidianos das personagens que vivem nesses locais, sendo muitas vezes marcados por tragédias, violências e solidão. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o romance de estreia desta autora, intitulado El viento que arrasa, através da ótica das teorias da Polifonia e Carnavalização. Para esta análise, se utilizou como aporte teórico os estudos de Mikhail Bakhtin, considerando que este é o principal teórico dos conceitos a ser discutidos, partindo de seu conceito de Carnavalização, primeiramente delineado em seu livro Problemas da poética de Dostoiévski e posteriormente desenvolvido em A cultura popular na Idade Média e no Renascimento: o contexto de François Rabelais, bem como outros autores que se debruçam sobre sua obra como José Luiz Fiorin (2018), e Paulo Bezerra (2008) e sobre a escrita de Almada, como Sarlo (2012), Martínez (2019). Considerando a Carnavalização como um fenômeno no qual se derrubam as barreiras hierárquicas, sociais e ideológicas, promovendo o livre contato entre os homens (BAKHTIN, 1997), é possível perceber, neste romance, a utilização de diversos elementos carnavalescos no desenvolvimento da narrativa, principalmente em duas das personagens do romance: Reverendo Pearson e Gringo Brauer, que possuem vozes que se contrapõem umas às outras, revelando a presença das mésalliances carnavalescas, relacionadas principalmente a aproximação das esferas do sagrado e do profano, além do ritual de coroação- destronamento em praça pública do rei do carnaval, o riso e a profanação. A partir desta reflexão, foi possível perceber a presença de elementos polifônicos e carnavalescos dentro da narrativa que juntos formam o "mundo invertido" proposto pela Carnavalização. Para além disso, verifica-se a importância científica deste trabalho por possibilitar uma melhor compreensão sobre a escrita ficcional de Selva Almada evidenciando a importância da obra desta escritora e da contemporaneidade de suas narrativas.
Aprendendo estratégias programáticas através de características comporta- mentais
Authors:   , Aleixo David da Silva
Published: November 2023

Nos últimos anos, a pesquisa em síntese de estratégias programáticas tem despertado bastante interesse dos pesquisadores por gerar programas que podem ser interpretados por humanos, sendo até mesmo possível modiﬁcá-los manualmente. Entretanto, sinteti- zar estratégias programáticas é uma tarefa desaﬁadora devido à necessidade de realizar uma busca não diferenciável em um grande espaço de programas. Deste modo, utiliza-se atualmente uma abordagem de self-play para guiar a busca. No entanto, essa abordagem geralmente fornece um fraco sinal para guiar a busca, uma vez que o self-play só é ca- paz de avaliar o desempenho de um programa em relação a outros programas. Assim, enquanto pequenas mudanças em um programa podem não melhorar o seu desempenho, tais mudanças podem representar passos na direção de um programa mais eﬁciente. Nessa dissertação, apresentaremos duas abordagens que utilizam características comportamen- tais para guiar a busca. A primeira utiliza as características comportamentais provenien- tes de um oráculo através do processo de clonagem comportamental para aprender um sketch de uma estratégia programática. Em nossos experimentos, observamos que até mesmos oráculos fracos podem prover informações úteis, ajudando na síntese. Testamos nossa proposta de aprendizado de sketch juntamente com os algoritmos de busca Simu- lated Annealing e UCT como sintetizadores. Com isso, tentamos sintetizar as melhores respostas aproximadas para uma estratégia tradicional do Can’t Stop e para o vencedor da competição de 2020 do MicroRTS. Nosso método foi capaz de sintetizar estratégias programáticas mais fortes do que os oráculos originais e derrotaram as estratégias alvo. Em nossa segunda abordagem, propomos um algoritmo de busca de dois níveis que busca concorrentemente no espaço de programas e em um espaço de características comporta- mentais. Nossa hipótese é que um algoritmo de self-play em conjunto com uma função baseada em características pode gerar um forte sinal para auxiliar a síntese. Enquanto ambas as funções são usadas para guiar a pesquisa no espaço do programa, a função de self-play é usada para guiar a pesquisa no espaço de características, com o objetivo de permitir a seleção de características com maior probabilidade de levar a programas vitoriosos. Testamos nossa hipótese no MicroRTS, um jogo de estratégia em tempo real. Nossos resultados mostram que a busca de dois níveis sintetiza estratégias mais fortes do que métodos que buscam apenas no espaço do programa. Além disso, as estratégias que nosso método sintetiza obtiveram a maior taxa de vitórias em um torneio simulado com vários agentes, incluindo os melhores agentes das duas últimas competições do MicroRTS. Palavras-chave: Inteligência Artiﬁcial. Síntese de Programas. Algoritmo de Busca. Jogos.
Employment of RPA (Remotely Piloted Aircraft) in Identifying Imperfections in the Asphalt Pavement of the Transoeste Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System
Authors:   State University of Rio de Janeiro, Engineering Faculty, Department of Cartography, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Antoun Netto Sergio Orlando , Conceicao Miranda Joao Victor Da ,   State University of Rio de Janeiro, Engineering Faculty, Department of Cartography, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Guerra Neto Hélio Lopes ,   Michigan State University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, East Lansing, MI, Vieira Barbalho Leonardo ,   Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Polytechnic School, Department of Transport Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Bocafoli Righi Rodolfo Vale ,   State University of Rio de Janeiro, Engineering Faculty, Department of Cartography, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Published: November 2023

The Brazilian Road network is constantly used by the population and its maintenance is an essential charge to ensure the performance of the pavement. Therefore, the verification of asphalt conditions is extremely relevant to analyze their structural and functional qualities. It is noteworthy that this verification is usually performed by technicians manually being the results slow and often with impalpable and partial analysis. Given this, we see the need to study the benefits of obtaining this information indirectly without the need for inloco man. In this work we will focus on the use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft System to obtain the images that will enable the analysis of asphalt conditions. The place where the study will take place is the corridor of BRT Transoeste in Rio de Janeiro, which connects the region of Barra da Tijuca to Santa Cruz and Campo Grande, passing through Guaratiba and Recreio dos Bandeirantes. The following procedures will be adopted: Flight Planning with RPAS observing GSD Ground Sample Distance advocated by the scientific literature, field support using GNSS NTRIP technology, processing of images obtained with the use of Agisoft software and generating Orthorectified Orthophoto. Finally, the main objective of the work is to verify the potential of the metric quality of the images from RPAS in identifying damage to the asphalt surface
Concept of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics with Special Focus on Herbal-Drug Interaction
Authors:   Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon, FOKUNANG Charles Ntungwen , Mbong Grace Annih ,   Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Cameroon
Published: November 2023

The study of how xenobiotics undergo the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) is conceptualized as pharmacokinetics. An understanding therefore of the PK properties is crucial and plays an important contribution in the drug discovery and development of new chemical entities. Drug metabolism is linked to the metabolic breakdown of drugs (xenobiotic metabolism) by enzyme or living organisms. The pathway involved in this process can lead to the bio-transformations that occurs in most living organisms. The drug metabolic action facilitates the detoxification process except in special circumstances where the metabolites (break down products) can lead to toxic effects. Under such circumstances the study of drug metabolism is termed as pharmacokinetics, which constitutes an important discipline as a branch of pharmacology. Herbal natural products have been used to prevent and treat diseases worldwide since the creation of mankind. However, the efficacy, safety and quality of herbal bioactive metabolites depends on the multiple components absorbed in the body and their pharmacokinetics. This review attempts to give an insight into the concept of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics with special consideration on PK drug-herbal interactions, mechanisms, metabolizing enzymes involved and transporters implicated in the determination of the PK of xenobiotics.
Detection Methods of Counterfeit Drugs: A Systemic Review
Authors:   Dwam Medical, Riyadh, KSA, Ajlouni Abdul-Wali Ajlouni , Abdulrahman Mesheal AL ,   Forensic Medical Services Center, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, KSA
Published: November 2023

Counterfeit medicines are one of the major challenges facing pharmaceutical supply chains and patient safety and are a serious problem in countries around the world. These drugs represent a major threat to the patient’s life, to the real drug manufacturers, and to the country’s image. The problem of substandard/ counterfeit/counterfeit/counterfeit medical products is more serious in countries with weak health regulatory systems and fragile health infrastructure. These characteristics increase the risk of manufacturing and/or distributing medicinal products that do not comply with national and regional health regulations, putting patients at risk. High and variable prices, insufficient access to affordable medications, and drug shortages are incentives for actions, activities, and behaviors that lead to SSFFC medical products. These problems must be addressed from a public health perspective. In this paper, the authors will provide a direct and simple comparison between the five most popular detection techniques used to analyze and characterize various genuine and generic pharmaceutical brands, as an approach to analyzing counterfeit pharmaceutical products, as many genuine and generic products are classified as counterfeit and vice versa. The combination of analytical results provides a comprehensive characterization of counterfeit medical products. This information is essential for patient safety and to assist authorities in their mission to combat counterfeit products. The findings could help police, regulatory, and health bodies reduce the burden of combating counterfeit medicines and the consequences that occur if they are not detected and used.
Anteseden Nilai Merek Berbasis Kreasi Bersama dalam Perdagangan pada Media Sosial
Authors: Aryandika Ardiaz Ajie , Kurniawati Fathimah
Published: November 2023

The use of social media has evolved and adapted through the emergence of the phenomenon of online transactions based on social media, giving rise to commerce on social media. Commerce on social media has also become a new form of e-commerce business model that integrates web and social technologies into commercial features that form an interactive environment for online shopping. This research aims to analyze the influence of consumer interactivity (which consists of consumer-consumer interaction, and consumer-producer interaction), social support and relationship quality in commerce on social media. The research method used is a quantitative research strategy with a survey method and uses a sample of 200 respondents. The sampling method used in this research was nonprobability sampling with purposive type. Data was collected using a questionnaire distributed online. The data analysis method used is simple and multiple regression analysis. The next implication for companies is to develop a strategy to involve consumer interaction (co-creation) so that it can trigger consumers to participate continuously in developing brand value and is in accordance with the main objective of this research. This research can provide an understanding of how customers engage in brand value creation activities in commerce on social media.
EXPLORING SCHOOL HEADS' FINANCIAL LEADERSHIP IN BAGUIO CITY: UNLOCKING PROFICIENCY
Authors: Lunio-Toctocan Clair T. , Gatao-wa Evelyn P. , Comila Marjory M. , Dangbis Eleonor Kate F. , Saldo Maritis L. , Almazan Danica Zandra Q.
Published: November 2023

This study looked into the financial practices used by school heads in public elementary schools in Baguio City, Philippines. It specifically looked at the relationship between the understanding levels of ten school heads and their gender, experience, educational background, and attendance at accounting and financial management courses. The research employed a qualitative methodology at the Baguio City, mainly utilizing interviews as a means of data collection, with other methods including observation and analysis. Manual analysis was done on the phenomenological qualitative data that came from in-depth interviews and were backed up by documentation. The findings demonstrate that there is a substantial relationship between the level of accounting and financial management skills and participation in financial training sessions, educational background, and past experience as a school head. However, the knowledge of accounting and financial management in schools is not greatly influenced by variables like gender, prior teaching experience, or prior assistant teaching experience. It is noted that most school heads and accounting clerks handle financial concerns on behalf of the school; most teachers and school clerks are not directly involved in these affairs.
Exploring Secondary School Students’ Perceptions of Indigenizing Mathematics Pedagogies: A Path to Inclusive Mathematics Education in Southern Province, Zambia
Authors: Kadonsi Kaziya , Kenneth Dr. Muzata Kapalu , Magdalene Dr. Simalalo
Published: November 2023

The study investigated secondary school students’ perspectives on incorporating indigenous elements into math teaching in Zambia’s Southern Province. Conducted in Kalomo District, the research involved 343 participants. It utilized a Mixed Methods Sequential Explanatory Design, combining critical realism and pragmatism. The sample included 326 individuals for quantitative analysis (math teachers and Grade 12 pupils) and 17 for qualitative insights (community members, District Education Board representatives, and school administrators). Results indicated that teachers believed integrating indigenous knowledge in math education would heighten students’ interest and involvement. They saw openness in students towards incorporating cultural elements, especially when using native languages and examples. Additionally, teachers had confidence in students’ capacity to use local instances in math teaching, suggesting potential benefits for understanding and retention of concepts. This positive stance implied that indigenous integration could enhance learning outcomes. The study revealed that the students were generally receptive to indigenizing pedagogies and practices in the teaching of mathematics education. The study found that students responded positively to this approach, as it allowed them to see the connections between mathematics and their own cultural backgrounds. The study revealed that incorporating cultural perspectives and indigenous knowledge can enhance students’ understanding, engagement, and problem-solving skills in mathematics.
The main factors influencing the development of consumer lending in Russia
Authors:   Moscow University of Finance and Law MFUA, Moscow, Russia, Lozhkin A.A.
Published: November 2023

In the modern world, credit plays an important role in the economic system of any country. Its necessity is reflected in the formation of free funds, the availability of needs for them; in the interaction of both cash and non-cash turnover; in the influence on the processes of production, sale and use of products, in the organization of an increase in the scale of activities of market participants; as well as in the expansion of international cooperation and foreign economic relations. Within the framework of state economic relations, consumer lending increases consumer demand for services and durable goods, which accelerates their implementation and increases budget revenues. With the right lending system, the indicator of the difference in the financial condition of various social groups decreases, thereby reducing the social difference. The author of the article investigates the main factors influencing the development of consumer lending in Russia. The study is based on the analysis of data, statistics and economic indicators, as well as consideration of current trends in the banking sector and consumer behavior. The author of the article analyzes the influence of economic factors, regulation, changes in consumer preferences, and other key aspects on the dynamics of consumer lending in the country.
Features of constructing a multi-attribute model of the information environment for sustainable development of transport infrastructure
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, Podoplelova V.A. ,   Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the features of constructing a multi-attribute model of the information environment for the sustainable development of transport infrastructure. The concept of groups (categories) based on infrastructure attributes for information technology tools is introduced. A classification of infocommunication technologies for transport infrastructure is given, including applications for transport management, supply chain implementation, automation of transport operations and transport infrastructure management. It is noted that it is advisable to form a multi-attribute model of the information environment for the sustainable development of transport infrastructure based on a hierarchical approach. It is concluded that a multi-attribute decision-making model is built on the basis of combined procedures that combine standard MADM methods and specialized algorithms.
The importance of priority national projects in ensuring sustainable development of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Forging plant of the public joint stock company Kama Automobile Plant, Naberezhnye Chelny, Republic of Tatarstan, Russiayumen Industrial University, Tyumen, Russia, Grashchenkova N.V.
Published: November 2023

The article examines the problem of sustainable development of the Russian Federation in conditions of global economic turbulence. It is noted that the course chosen by Russia for the implementation of priority national projects allows the country to develop dynamically and sustainably. It is emphasized that even in difficult conditions of severe sanctions, the Government finds funds to finance priority national projects. We conclude that Russia, in conditions of global economic turbulence, is developing dynamically and sustainably and is heading towards achieving global sustainable development goals through the successful implementation of priority national projects.
A Study on the Relationship between Emotion Regulation Strategies,Five-Factor Personality Traits and Mental Health of College Students in Private College
Authors:   College of Education, Geely University of China, Li YUAN
Published: November 2023

Private university students are an important part of Chinese college students. Exploring private university students' mental health status and its influencing factors will help college counselors and psychological counselors to carry out mental health education work. This study focuses on the analysis of the relationship between emotion regulation strategies, personality traits and mental health, and mainly uses questionnaire survey to obtain effective data of 266 college students in private universities. Through the difference test, correlation analysis and regression analysis of the three variables, it is found that students in private universities are more inclined to use cognitive reappraisal strategy. Among the five personality factors, agreeableness, Neuroticism, Extraversion and conscientiousness have significant differences in demographic dimension. Freshmen scored significantly higher than seniors in total mental health scores, self-denial, depression and anxiety. Students who had served as class leaders had better mental health status than students who had not served as class leaders. The expression inhibition strategy of emotion regulation strategy can significantly predict the level of mental health, and neuroticism and extraversion play a complete mediating role between them. Neuroticism and conscientiousness had the greatest effect on the total score of mental health. Extraversion and conscientiousness had a negative effect on self-denial, while neuroticism had a positive effect on depression and anxiety.
Review on Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Carbon Sink in Agroecosystem
Authors:   Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Jiachen WANG ,   Zhengzhou University, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology,   Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ziyan LIU ,   Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,   Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zheyu YIN ,   Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,   College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhihui BAI ,   Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,   College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xuliang ZHUANG ,   Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences,   College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Published: November 2023

Globally, mankind is facing an increasingly severe challenge of climate change, and the vast majority of countries are making sustained efforts to solve the problem. Agroecosystem is not only an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, but also has a large potential of carbon sink, so research on greenhouse gas mitigation and carbon sink in agroecosystems is an important initiative to address the challenge of climate change. However, the current domestic research on carbon sinks mainly focuses on forests, grasslands and oceans, and there are relatively few studies on carbon sinks in agroecosystems. Studies on greenhouse gas emission reduction is also mainly concentrated in the fields of industry, energy and lacks the attention in the field of agriculture. Therefore, the research on greenhouse gas mitigation and carbon sink in agroecosystems needs to be carried out urgently. This paper systematically reviewed the research progress to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sinks in agroecosystem, and focused on the role of a series of agricultural management measures, such as agricultural waste disposal, fertilizer management and soil improvement in reducing emissions and increasing sinks in agroecosystem, and put forward relevant suggestions and prospects for the measures to reduce emissions and increase sinks in agroecosystem and the future research direction, with a view to providing useful reference for agricultural practice and realize green and sustainable agricultural production.
ENREDAMIENTO SOCIAL EN LA REFORESTACIÓN DE LA MICROCUENCA BALSAPAMBA-RÍO CRISTAL FRENTE AL CAMBIO CLIMÁTICO
Authors: Alcivar-Torres Luis Antonio , Cobos-Mora Fernando , Onofre-Zapata Ronny , Goyes-Cabezas Miguel Ángel
Published: November 2023

La innovación puede solucionar problemas, cuando se pone en uso o es aceptada, y será exitosa al ser implementada en un sistema determinado, considerando los diferentes factores que influyen en su adopción y producción de resultados positivos. Entre las causas posibles del fracaso de una innovación están la falta de comunicación en todos los niveles de la organización, por lo que el “enredamiento” se considera como el establecimiento de relaciones entre los actores que participan en una organización social de una determinada innovación, para el intercambio de ideas y experiencias perfeccionando la innovación aplicada. El presente artículo analiza la ejecución de un proyecto ambiental-social desarrollado en el año 2012-2013 en la microcuenca Balsapamba Río Cristal-El Salto, cuyos problemas han sido la falta de comunicación con las comunidades ribereñas, dando como consecuencia una baja identificación con el proyecto y una escasa participación durante la instalación, conservación y su mantenimiento, además evalúa el impacto de la innovación en la calidad de vida de los pobladores. El objetivo del proyecto fue el recuperar las riberas mediante la reforestación con especies de caña guadua, garantizar el suministro de agua en la comunidad y reducir la susceptibilidad ante inundaciones. Como resultado se denota el déficit de comunicación y establecimiento de relaciones sociales adecuadas para el cumplimiento de los objetivos del proyecto a largo plazo, y se concluye que el enredamiento de nuevos actores, la inclusión de los agricultores y el cambio del modelo de innovación lineal a un modelo de enredamiento puede rescatar el trabajo desarrollado.
AGROTURISMO COMO FUENTE DE EMPRENDIMIENTO COMUNITARIO. CASO DE ESTUDIO:
Authors: Gortaire-Díaz David , Contreras-Moscol Daniel , Ramirez-Romero Elma , Almache-Granda Gabriela
Published: November 2023

El turismo rural integra naturaleza, cultura y participación activa de los locales, cuyo objetivo es mejorar la condición de vida de la comunidad al aprovechar los flujos económicos que el mismo produce. Sin embargo, no se han encontrado estudios para analizar el potencial del agroturismo en el recinto La Colombia Alta, ubicada en la provincia de Bolívar, Ecuador.

 

Por lo tanto, el presente caso de estudio tuvo como propósito analizar las prácticas empíricas de la principal promotora en dicha localidad y evaluar el impacto del agroturismo en el sector; al estudiar y describir la percepción y grado de satisfacción de los turistas para identificar los aspectos prioritarios a mejorar. Este estudio es mixto, bajo un enfoque descriptivo, de corte longitudinal, realizado a través de entrevistas, encuestas y visitas de campos siendo las principales técnicas e instrumentos de recolección de datos. Los hallazgos probaron que 1. el perfil de la principal promotora emprendedora del sector coincide con los de otros estudios. 2. la percepción de los visitantes fue positiva (91,4%) y nivel de satisfacción difiere 3. el nivel de impacto del agroturismo en el sector tiene una incidencia positiva (80% de los turistas estiman regresar e incurrencia a la fecha de 3.14 veces). Por consiguiente, se recomienda llevar la continuidad del caso, tras la aplicación de acciones de cambio a mejoras en base a las sugerencias dadas en este artículo. Los resultados podrían tener implicaciones en el campo investigativo del agroturismo local y a su aplicación real para el mejoramiento de las necesidades de las comunidades.
PRODUCCIÓN DE CUYES (CAVIA PORCELLUS) BAJO UN SISTEMA DE CRIANZA EN JAULAS EN BABAHOYO-ECUADOR
Authors: Bonifaz-Ramos Verónica de los Ángeles , Guzmán-Acán Fabricio Armando , Arellano-Gómez John Javier , Sánchez-Morán Sara Susana
Published: November 2023

En el centro de Producción de Especies Menores de la Universidad Técnica de Babahoyo – Ecuador, se evaluó el efecto de tres pastos tropicales Pennisetum sp (T1); Panicum máximum (T2), Pennisetum Purpureum (T3), como componente alimenticio de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) en la etapa de Cría, Recría y Acabado durante 12 semanas, se utilizó 45 animales destetados,

 

distribuidos en tres tratamientos con tres repeticiones y 5 unidades experimentales cada uno; se evaluó el Comportamiento Productivo, distribuido bajo un Diseño Completamente al Azar (DCA), los resultados experimentales obtenidos fueron sometidos a un Análisis de Varianza para las diferencias (ADEVA), y Separación de Medias según Tukey a los niveles de significancia de (P ? 0.05 y P ? 0.01). Los resultados indican que la mejor conversión alimenticia se obtuvo con T2:7,34 volviéndola más eficiente, no obstante, con T1 se lograron los mejores resultados para las variables peso final 1201,04 (g); ganancia de peso 826,6 (g); peso a la canal 769,22 (g) ; rendimiento a la canal 64,04 (%); consumo de forraje verde 4618,64(g); consumo de concentrado 2016,35 (g); consumo total 6.634,99(g) y un Beneficio/Costo de 1,99, razones suficientes para ser considerado como un alimento dentro de la producción de cuyes en el trópico; entre algunas de las ventajas de la crianza en jaulas es el mayor aprovechamiento de área techada, así como la facilidad de limpieza, menor desperdicio de alimento y un mayor control sanitario.
PRODUCCIÓN ACUÍCOLA DE TILAPIA NILÓTICA (OREOCHROMIS NILO-TICUS) EN ESTANQUE RÚSTICO DE ÁREAS RURALES, METETÍ, DARIÉN
Authors: Samaniego Keysi , Conde Leonel , Sánchez Celibet , López Edgar , Chang Andrés , Pile Edwin
Published: November 2023

El estudio evaluó el costo de la alimentación de la tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) en estanques rústicos como una forma de contribuir al desarrollo de la acuicultura a pequeña escala en zonas rurales y periurbanas de la región. Los trabajos de investigación se llevaron a cabo en la Finca de la Universidad de Panamá. Las variables evaluadas fueron el crecimiento de los peces (longitud y peso), el consumo y el costo del alimento utilizado. Los resultados mostraron un incremento del 111.4% en la longitud total y del 311.2% en el peso de los animales, así como un consumo total de alimentos de 0.30g/g de peso del animal, lo que representó un costo aproximado de 0.42 balboas/kg, sólo considerando la alimentación. Esto sugiere que el cultivo de tilapia en estanques rústicos es una alternativa viable para la producción con bajos costos en la alimentación, lo que hace de ésta una buena opción para los productores de pequeñas granjas.
EFECTO DE LA RAZA, ÉPOCA DEL AÑO, MES Y HORARIO EN LAS RESPUESTAS FISIOLÓGICAS Y PRODUCTIVAS DE CABRAS LECHERAS EN AMBIENTE TROPICAL HÚMEDO
Authors: Cedeño Héctor , Ríos Karina , Pile Edwin , Saavedra Roberto , Sánchez-Galán Enrique , Pimentel Tamara , Remy Gabriel , Grajales-Cedeño Joseph
Published: November 2023

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la influencia de la raza, época del año, mes y horario del día en las respuestas fisiológicas y productivas de cabras lecheras Saanen y Parda Alpina, en clima tropical húmedo. Se usaron 20 animales, diez cabras para cada grupo racial, las cuales fueron manejadas en sistema estabulado y evaluadas desde enero hasta agosto de 2022. Hubo variación observada para el índice de temperatura y de humedad ITH, lo cual indicó que el horario de 12:00 a 1:00 p.m. (mediodía) presentó un mayor ITH con 79,57 durante la época seca y 79,39 la época lluviosa, en comparación a los horarios de 6:00 a 7:00 a.m. y de 4:00 a 5:00 p.m. con ITH 73,62 época seca y 76,13, respectivamente. Mientras que, en la época lluviosa, los horarios de 6:00 a 7:00 y 4:00 a 5:00 p.m. presentaron ITH con 73,96 y 78,48, respectivamente. La frecuencia respiratoria, latidos cardíacos, la temperatura rectal y superficial no presentaron diferencias significativas (p>0,05) entre las razas. Sin embargo, hubo comportamiento distinto en los meses y horarios (p<0,05). Las cabras presentaron producción promedio diaria 1,85 ± 0,05 kg Saanen y 1,65 ± 0,05kg Parda Alpina y producción acumulada a 250 días, 482,0 ± 41,26 kg raza Saanen y 365,00 ± 39,08 kgParda Alpina.  Las cabras de razas Saanen y Parda Alpina, independientemente de la época y mes del año, son susceptibles al estrés por calor moderado-alto durante el mediodía cuando el ITH supera las 77 unidades en ambiente tropical húmedo.
Implementation of ergonomics and lean manufacturing principles to improve work environment and performance of soccer ball production line
Authors: Hussain Farah , Uzair Muhammad , Islam Muhammad Awais , Shafiq Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Value addition and performance improvement are important to deal with increasing local and global market competitiveness. Interventions and automation based on Lean and ergonomics principles have strong influence on performance improvement of the production systems. This study focuses on implementation of lean manufacturing and ergonomics principles to improve work environment and performance of the soccer manufacturing production line. Work visualization and value stream mapping (VSM) techniques were employed to identify the opportunities for improvements. Time of value and non-value-added activities is recorded using time study method. Working postures and associated risk factors are evaluated using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. Lean manufacturing principles are employed to minimize wastes and non-value added activities. Similarly, improvements in work environment are made through ergonomics interventions. Various models comprising different levels of lean and ergonomics interventions were evaluated through simulation before actual implementation. The results of the finalized model in terms of decrease in cycle time (8.64 to 7.018 seconds), increase in daily production (20505 to 24176 soccer balls), and improved work environment are evident of performance improvements in all aspects. The integration of lean and ergonomics principles leads to improve the productivity and working environment for workers in soccer ball manufacturing industry.
Pretreatment of Carbon Steel with Hybrid Film Modified with Different Natural Inhibitors (Garlic and Cocoa)
Authors: Butski Soares Santos Sérgio Leonardo , Pereira da Silva Brunela , de Freitas Fernanda Gabriel , Aoki Idalina Vieira , Capelossi Vera Rosa
Published: November 2023

One way to protect carbon steel from corrosion is through pretreatment and corrosion inhibitors, such as the use of silane layers that can protect against corrosion. In this study, the corrosion resistance of the tetraethyl orthosilicate/3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane hybrid film modified with garlic peel powder or cocoa shell powder on carbon steel was evaluated. By electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) it was observed that the incorporation of inhibitors promoted higher values of impedance modulus compared to the bare metal substrate or in the absence of inhibitor, and the concentration of 1.77 g/L provided the best performance for both natural inhibitors. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that the addition of inhibitors to the hybrid film promoted better hydrolysis in the formation of the films. By the scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy it was noted that there was the formation of the hybrid film on the metal surface, and the insertion of the inhibitor to the silane film enabled the formation of grains that precipitate from the deposition of the inhibitor on the substrate surface. The scanning vibrating electrode technique shows that the inhibitors improved corrosion resistance of the hybrid film, corroborating with the EIS analysis. The contact angle shows that the presence of the inhibitor in the silane film makes it less hydrophilic. The roughness profile shows that the hybrid film with cocoa has the highest roughness represented by a higher average value of average roughness (Rz).
Effect of Oil/Water Intermittent Wetting on CO2 Corrosion in the Presence of Acridine and Myristic Acid
Authors: Norooziasl Neda , Young David , Brown Bruce , Singer Marc
Published: November 2023

The effect of a paraffinic model oil (LVT-200)-containing select surface-active compounds (myristic acid and acridine) on CO2 corrosion with and without intermittent wetting has been studied. Observations have shown that the presence of myristic acid in the oil phase does not affect the corrosion behavior due to its lack of partitioning in the water phase. However, after direct contact between the oil phase-containing myristic acid and the metal surface, there was a significant decrease in the corrosion rate. This phenomenon gradually diminished at pH 4.0 but was more persistent at pH 6.5. The presence of acridine in the oil phase was shown to have a strong inhibitive effect at pH 4.0, even during the partitioning step. The partitioning of acridine from the oil phase to the water phase at pH 4.0 was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy results. However, there was no inhibitive effect conferred by the presence of acridine on the corrosion rate at pH 6.5. An experimental methodology was developed that facilitated improved simulation of the effect of intermittent oil/water wetting on CO2 corrosion. The electrochemical current response during the oil/water intermittent wetting cycles showed that the persistency of model oil (without surface-active compounds) on the mild steel surface is only a matter of seconds. Corrosion rate measurements showed that the presence of myristic acid renders the oil layer more persistent after intermittent wetting compared to one-time direct contact.
Opioid dose risk, clinician and patient characteristics, and adherence to opioid prescribing recommendations in chronic non-cancer pain
Authors: Coleman Christa , Lennon Robert P. , Robinson James M. , Tuan Wen-Jan , Sehgal Nalini , Zgierska Aleksandra E.
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aims to assess associations between morphine-equivalent daily dose (MEDD) of opioids, clinician and patient characteristics, and prescriber adherence to guidelines for long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) in chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) and to elucidate potential relationships associated with increased-risk opioid prescribing.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: Academic health system's 33 primary care clinics.

Patients: Adults (≥18 years old) prescribed LTOT (10 + outpatient prescriptions in the past year) for CNCP.

Main outcome measure(s): Electronic health record data on prescribed opioids (for MEDD), clinician/patient characteristics, and adherence rates to LTOT guideline-concordant recommendations.

Results: A total of 2,738 patients were eligible, 61.6 percent Lower, 15.7 percent Moderate, and 22.7 percent Higher Risk MEDD (<50, 50-89, and ≥90 mg/day, respectively). Higher MEDD correlated (p < 0.001) with Medicare insurance, current cigarette smoking, higher pain intensity and interference scores, and the presence of opioid use disorder diagnoses. Male clinicians more frequently prescribed (p < 0.001) and male patients were more likely to be prescribed (p < 0.001) higher MEDD compared to their female counterparts. Higher Risk MEDD was associated with higher coprescribed benzodiazepines (p = 0.015), lower depression screening (p = 0.048), urine drug testing (p = 0.003), comparable active treatment agreement (p = 0.189), opioid misuse risk screening (p = 0.619), and prescription drug monitoring checks (p = 0.203).

Conclusions: This study documented that higher MEDD was associated with risks of worse health outcomes without improved adherence to opioid prescribing guideline recommendations. Enhanced clinician awareness of factors associated with MEDD has the potential to mitigate LTOT risks and improve overall patient care.
Opioid and benzodiazepine utilization patterns in metropolitan and rural Texas
Authors: Hutchison Robert W. , Carhart Joseph
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Although many drugs are implicated in the crisis, opioids and concomitant sedatives are associated with increased overdose risk in both rural and urban communities. Individuals in rural areas are up to 5-fold more likely to experience adverse outcomes related to opioids. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate concomitant use of opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions in Texas, compare metropolitan and rural differences, and use these data to inform clinicians and to help develop harm reduction strategies.

Methods: Prescribing data were extracted from the Texas Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) public use data file, the statewide monitoring program administered by the Texas State Board of Pharmacy. An overlapping drug combination prescription day was defined as any day in which a patient had at least one of the overlapping drug types—eg, opioid + benzodiazepine, opioid + benzodiazepine + carisoprodol.

Results: In Texas, 47.4 percent of the counties with the highest number of overlapping days (per patient) bordered other states. Providers who practice in rural areas prescribe opioid and benzodiazepine medications with 8.2 more overlapping days per quarter.

Discussion: Taking both opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions is associated with increased overdose risk. Opioid prescription data provide a distinct view into the opioid epidemic that allows all states and counties to view the trends of opioid utilization. There are only a few studies using PDMP data to compare urban and rural trends.

Conclusions: Rural patients had more benzodiazepine and opioid days overlap than urban patients. The prevalence is higher among older adults and providers who practice in rural areas (average 8.2 more days per quarter). Our findings in Texas indicate a trend downward in overlap for both rural and urban areas over the last year of measurement. However, rural areas are still significantly higher.