RESEARCH OF AEROSOL APPLICATION SYSTEMS FOR APPLYING LUBRICATING MATERIAL IN THE «WHEEL-RACK» CONTACT
Authors: Voronin Serhii , Stefanov Volodymyr , Suranov Oleksii , Hamora Vitalii , Stefanov Sergii 
Published: July 2024

The article discusses various methods  of lubricating the «wheel-rail» contact  zone aimed at reducing friction  coefficient and improving the  efficiency  of energy resource  utilization, safety of movement, and  environmental indicators. Technologies for delivering lubricating materials to this zone, such as lubricating rods, stationary systems using brushes, or railhead applicators, are outlined. The article highlights issues with existing technologies, including excessive lubrication, the need for component replacements, high lubricant material consumption, and uneven or incorrect  application. It is emphasized that  precision in the application and dosage of lubricating material is crucial to prevent its transfer onto the wheel and rail surfaces, which could reduce  traction. The aerosol method of  applying lubricant to the wheel edge is stated to be more accurate and cost-effective. The article mentions the  company «SKF» and their EasyRail  systems utilizing nozzles with the SP9-2 and SP9-2-S7 metering valves. Schematic representations of the  nozzle and its working principle are  provided. Sécheron is also mentioned, offering a nozzle for spraying lubricant onto the wheel edge through a two-tube system for oil and oxygen supply. An image of this company's nozzle is  included. The text delves into the  equipment of the lubrication system by Sécheron, specifically detailing the product's technical characteristics. Information about the development and manufacturing of the locomotive wheel flange lubrication system by the company "Scientific and Production  Firm «Yugtekhnotrans» is presented. The article introduces the TrainSys-AL system for lubricating the rail  head/running surface, providing a detailed description of its features and  technical specifications, including the use of friction modifiers «HeadLub 90» and «RailLub». The products of the  company Dropsa are mentioned,  specifically the spray valve of the  1132330 series for the lubrication system of railway rolling stock and tracks. The overall context of the text is oriented towards the technical aspects and features of modern lubrication systems in railway transport.The study reviews existing designs of rail and wheel lubrication devices, revealing that there is no ideal design that meets all requirements for  material consumption and precision in applying lubricating material. Consequently, a new nozzle for aerosolized oil spray is developed, and a laboratory setup for researching this process is manufactured. The setup operates on compressed air and  includes a compressor with a reservoir tank for stabilizing nozzle operation. The hydraulic scheme of the setup is described, with key elements such as a ball valve, pressure reducing valve, pressure gauge, tank, and nozzle. The preparation of the setup for operation and its functioning principle are demonstrated. Research results indicate that the developed setup effectively sprays both dense and liquid lubricants depending on the air  pressure and nozzle diameter. Graphs illustrating lubricant consumption for different types of lubricants and  various nozzle parameters are  provided.