bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controlled polymerization of aniline against templating oxide nanostructures
Authors: Simukaitis Matas , Purnell Grace , Zander Zachary , Kuhn Danielle , Sun Yugang
Published: December 2024

Article
Controlled Polymerization of Aniline against Templating Oxide Nanostructures

Matas Simukaitis 1, Grace Purnell 1, Zachary Zander 2, Danielle Kuhn 2 and Yugang Sun 1,*

1 Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
2 U.S. Army DEVCOM Chemical Biological Center, Research & Technology Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA
* Correspondence: ygsun@temple.edu
Received: 6 November 2024; Revised: 30 November 2024; Accepted: 3 December 2024; Published: 4 December 2024
 

Abstract: Conducting polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes with strong broadband optical absorption have been synthesized using single-crystalline MnO2 nanotubes as a solid-state oxidant that can oxidize aniline to induce polymerization in acidic solutions. The smooth surfaces and high crystalline integrity of the MnO2 nanotubes provide the appropriate reactive solid/liquid interface and templating effect to enable the transformation of the MnO2 nanotubes into PANI nanotubes. Such templated chemical transformation can be extended to silica-coated MnO2 nanotubes, allowing the synthesis of silica-coated PANI nanotubes, which are challenging to be synthesized through direct coating silica on PANI nanotubes due to the low wettability between PANI and silica. The versatile chemistry of the outer silica shells opens the possibility of modifying the as-synthesized PANI nanotubes, which usually inconveniently graft other interesting motifs.
A study of inter taluk disparities in literacy- A case study of Bidar district
Authors:   UGC Post-Doctoral Fellow, Department of Studies in Geography, University of Mysore, 570006, Mysuru, Minutha V , Jayashree P
Published: December 2024

Literacy rate is one of the important demographic elements, which is a good measure of human progress towards modernization. Literacy is considered as an index of socio-economic and cultural development of the society. Indian Literacy is characterized with sharp differences in between the male and female, rural and urban areas and various population subgroups. In this paper aims to study the inter taluk disparities in literacy of Bidar District. The present study is based on Secondary source data; it has been collected from District Census Hand Book of Bidar District. The comparisons are summarized here for two period’s i.e. 2001 and 2011. The collected information has been compiled and put in the form of maps, graphs and tables for further analysis. Maps are prepared using GIS software techniques. Data is analyzed through simple quantitative techniques like percentage. It has been observed that, in all taluks of bidar district experiences greater regional disparities in the literacy. We found that literacy rate in study area was 60.9 % in 2001 which is increased to 70.51% in 2011. And also found that the urban literacy is significantly greater than the rural literacy which is coexisting to the wider gender disparities from the rural to the urban population.

Keywords: Disparities; SocioEconomic development; GIS
Exploring the Drought Scenario of Namakkal through Standardized Precipitation Index
Authors:   Department of Geography, School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Tamil, Nadu - 625021, Madurai, India, Vinothkanna S , Emayavaramban V , Ramaraj A P , Senthilraja K
Published: December 2024

Drought has long been recognized as one of the major causes of human distress and is a natural disaster that claims so many fatalities annually. Droughts are a series of climate events that often hit South Asia, causing significant water shortages, economic losses and adverse social consequences. Water scarcity can be said as the cause and effect of drought. It is not possible to avoid droughts. But drought preparedness can be developed and drought impacts can be managed. The success of both depends, amongst the others, on how well the droughts are defined and drought characteristics quantified. Hence, preparedness to drought should form the important part of national environmental policies. The degree of drought preparedness varies considerably from one country to another. Average annual normal rainfall of Namakkal is found to be 678 mm. Among the monsoons, southwest monsoon (SWM) had higher amount of average rainfall followed by northeast monsoon (NEM) rainfall. Annual extreme SPI negative value was found over Tiruchengode as -4.52. Frequency of SPI is maximum of 20 in Namakkal and drought years varied from 3 to 6 annually. Paramathy and Senthamangalam experience a maximum of 8 drought years in SWM. The frequency of negative SPI value is varied from 16 to 21and interestingly no extreme drought events are noted in NEM. The study based on SPI will be helpful for assessing the drought severity. Keywords: Rainfall; SWM; CV; Drought; SPI
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Land Use Pattern in Bagalkot City: Using GIS Techniques
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of studies in Geography, Rani Channamma University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, Bagade Basavaraj R , Dubey Anupama
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the use of GIS and Remote Sensing in mapping Land Use Land Cover in Bagalkot district. The land use/land cover (LULC) pattern of a region in time and space is an outcome of natural and socio-economic factors and their utilization by man after construction Upper Krishna Project in Bagalkot city change in the land use land cover in Bagalkot city Karnataka, land use system is not a homogeneous process. Hence, land use manipulation by human beings is widespread and has become a serious threat to watershed services including stream flow regulation, soil erosion control, and low-flow augmentation at both micro-and macro-level catchments. The Understanding of Land Use through supervised and unsupervised classification of Land use by using RS and GIS technology helps in understanding the driving mechanism that causes land-use change. Therefore, an attempt will make to prepare LULC map of Bagalkot city, Karnataka by using Supervised and unsupervised classification. The classification will be developing through an unsupervised classification approach that will find prominent features of the area. However, analysis of supervised classification from multitemporal satellite imageries estimated 10 land use/ land cover. With respect to the rate of changes in the Bagalkot city. Bagalkot city is in the northern part of Karnataka state, situated in the interior of the Deccan Plateau or Bailusime region. The introduction of planning to Indian cities has been the most recent phenomena. The creation of linguistic states necessitated the construction of planned cities, some of them completely fresh. This included Chandigarh, the most notable example, Bhubaneshwar, Gandhinagar, Dispur and Bokaro, for administrative purposes and Navi Mumbai, New Bangalore, Noida for catering further expansion of the city. Navanagar Resettlement plan consists of acquisition of lands for locating the new Bagalkot town and making all arrangements to provide basic infrastructure in the new town. The plan of new township provides adequate and reasonable resettlement for the project displaced families and also allows sufficient scope for further development of the town for additional population. Hence, The Understanding of Land Use through supervised and unsupervised classification of Land use by using RS and GIS technology help in understanding the driving mechanism that causes land use change. Therefore, an attempt is made to prepare since this study is time-bound, the researcher has selected an area that is geographically small and easily manageable from thepoint of investigation and analysis.
Keywords: GIS technology; supervised; unsupervised classification; LnadUse Landcover
Implication of Rural Development Programme: A Case Study of Ramanagara District
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Government First Grade College, Bangalore, Shivanna M B
Published: December 2024

Around 75% of the district population is living in rural areas. People in rural areas should have the same quality of life as is enjoyed by people living in sub urban and urban areas. Ramanagara is situated in the south of the SouthKarnataka. It is positioned between 12˚ 54’ to 13˚ 53’ North latitude 75˚ 04’ and 76˚ 21’ East longitude. To Examine the socio-economic status of the people before and after implementation of rural development programmes in selected villages. The present study completely depends on secondary data. For the secondary source, published and unpublished data and data collected from the government and semi-government offices, or department will be used. The present research work is being carried out with the help of survey of India topographical maps and maps supplied by district planning.

Keywords: Rural development programme, MGNREGA
Spatial Distributional Patterns of Public Healthcare Centers in Bidar District: Using Nearest Neighbour Analysis
Authors:   UGC Post Doctoral Fellow, Department of Studies in Geography, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka|, Minutha V , Jayashree P
Published: December 2024

The spatial distribution of healthcare centres is uneven as the human population on the earth’s surface and the factors for such uneven distribution is almost similar. The uneven distribution of health centres are observed even at micro level not only between the regions but within the region also depending up on the demand for the health care centers and the supply of the patients. This paper aimed to map the spatial distributions of public healthcare centers in Bidar District. It would assist the stakeholders and responsible authorities in the planning for health service delivery. The Secondary data related to health care centres are collected from various offices like District Health Office and Taluk Health Office. The base map of study area has been geo-referenced and digitized using ARC GIS software. The Global positioning system (GPS) was adopted to take the coordinate of all the existing Public health centers in the study area. The nearest neighbour was used to identify the spatial patterns of distribution of Public healthcare service centers. Whether these health centers were distributed spatially, clustered, dispersed or randomly. The results of the average nearest neighbour analysis revealed that, the distribution of public health centers are randomly distributed. The Rn value of the health centres in the district is 1.2300. There is a significant difference in the spatial patterns of distribution of public health centres in Bidar district.

Keywords: Spatial; Health centers; Nearest Neighbor Analysis; GIS; GPS Introduction
Trends in Urbanization: A Case Study of Rayalaseema Region, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors:   Associate professor, Department of Geography, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, Chendrayudu N , Babu A Udaya
Published: December 2024

The developing countries are experiencing an urban trends in recent decades. The growth of urban population increase in developing countries roughly doubled that experienced in west at compared to the level of development (Kasrda and Chenshaw, 1991). During the last 50 years, developing countries are urbanising at a much rapid pace than the developed countries. Asia alone accounted for 50.4 percent of the total urban population of the world. India is one of Asian country also experiencing urbanization. Further, in Indian sub-continent pace of urbanization quit vary among the states and even region of the states this paper aims at studying the trends of urbanization in Rayalaseema region Andra Pradesh, India.

Keywords: Urbanisation; Trends; Demographic asp Introduction
Implications of Rural Development Programmes on Socio-Economic and Higher Education Status of Kudlur Grama Panchayat Ramanagara District, Karnataka State
Authors:   Associate Professor, HOD of Department of Geography, Government First Grade College, Bangalore, Shivanna M B
Published: December 2024

The development of rural areas and the rural people has been primary concern in the economic planning and development process. It is now realized that to emerge as a strong and modern Ramanagara district and to secure its rightful place in the comity of district, a sustainable development in rural areas is an essential prerequisite to make Ramanagara district modern, strong, secure its rightful place.

Keywords: Rural development, Higher education, Grama panchayat, Socio-economic
Geographical Study of Occupational Structural Changes in Karnataka
Authors:   Professor, Department of Studies in Geography, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India, Jayashree P , Minutha V , Ramya R , Raj Yamuna B
Published: December 2024

The occupational changes of a nation refer to the percentage of its work force employed in various economic ventures. To put it in other words, articulating the number of the total working populations employed in agriculture and associated activities and the number of them involved in the manufacturing and service sectors can be identified from the occupational changes of the nation. Occupations depend upon the degree of economic development and sophistication of country. Occupational structure influences many aspects of population in a region. The occupational characteristics of population are reflected in the working force, dependency load, employment, and unemployment. Since the region is predominantly dependent upon primary activities especially agriculture and allied activities, engagement of large section of population in this sector was observed, however with the constant socio-economic changes the proportion of population share in the primary activities have been constantly declining. Improved access to education and growing dominance of the service sector have diverted the occupational engagement especially millennial population from primary sector directly to tertiary sector specifically. The occupational engagement in the secondary sector was observed to be least in the region. The concept of occupational changes creates the environmental problems and is studied at present. The situation linked to each other in the type of problems, so it is necessary to investigate the occupational structure in the study area.

Keywords

Occupational, Access, Dominance
Spatial Changes in Landuse Pattren in Tumkur District (1985-86 and 2005-06) Karnataka, South India
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Government First Grade College Vijayanagara, Bangalore-104, Kumar K R Prasanna
Published: December 2024

The study of landuse and landuse change is of great importance in geographical studies. If not only helps to understand the temporal change but also is spatial variations. The positive or negative changes in the landuse have its bearing on the socio-economic and technological changes that have taken place during the same period in a region. And also it helps in identifying the other causes that have attributed for the changes undergone over time in the area of investigation. In the following paragraphs the spatial variations in different landuses during the period from 1985-86 and 2005-06, have been analyzed with the help of percentage changes in landuse pattern in Tumkur district

Keywords

Landuse, Spatial Variations
Precision Land Use and Land Cover Classification Using Google Earth Engine: Integrating Random Forest and Support Vector Machine Algorithms
Authors:   Research Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Sultana Salma , Inayathulla M
Published: December 2024

Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) classification plays a pivotal role in understanding and managing environmental resources. This study presents a novel methodology utilizing sentinel satellite data in conjunction with two robust machine learning algorithms: Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector machine (SVM) on Google Earth Engine platform. Sentinel data, renowned for its high- resolution multispectral imagery, provides rich information for classification. Google Earth Engine provides access to vast geospatial datasets and computational resource, enabling effective analysis. RF and SVM, distinguished for their ability to handle complex dataset, are employed to optimize classification accuracy. A systematic work flow for preprocessing of Sentinel imagery is outlined, followed by implementation of RF and SVM algorithm with a focus on accurately classifying vegetation, built-up areas, barren land and water bodies. Evaluation metrics including overall accuracy and kappa coefficient demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology. A compelling study demonstrates the utility of RF and SVM within GEE for precise LULC mapping, highlighting their pivotal role in supporting informed decision-making for environmental planning and conservation initiatives.

Keywords

GEE, SVM, RF, Sentinel Data, LULC
Temporal Evolution of Land Use Patterns in Tamil Nadu: A Satellite-Based Analysis
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Studies in Geography, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Sushmitha S , Chandrashekara B
Published: December 2024

To study the dynamics of different land cover categories and their implications, this paper compares Land Use Land Cover (LULC) data for the state of Tamil Nadu over the years 2005–2006, 2011–2012, and 2015–2016. The study reveals important trends in the region's changing land usage through quantitative measurement and scientific interpretation. The steady growth of urban built-up areas, which shows continuing urbanization and rural development processes, is one of the main conclusions. Simultaneously, the amount of land used for agriculture is somewhat declining, suggesting possible changes in agricultural practices or land use patterns. Additionally, the data shows a worrying decrease in the amount of forest cover, highlighting the necessity of conservation initiatives to lessen environmental damage. While wetland areas showed noticeable variations, barren and wasteland areas remained relatively steady, indicating the intricate interaction between natural processes and human activity. In summary, this study highlights the significance of implementing sustainable land management strategies to tackle the obstacles brought about by urbanization, industrialization, and environmental preservation in Tamil Nadu.

Keywords

Land Use Land Cover (LULC), Tamil Nadu, Urbanization, Agricultural land, Forest cover, Conservation efforts, Sustainable land management
O enfoque interdisciplinar das práticas corporais de aventura no ensino médio integrado
Authors: Lima André Suêldo Tavares de , Monteiro Vanessa Cavalcante Tavares
Published: December 2024

Este artigo buscou entender o enfoque interdisciplinar das Práticas Corporais de Aventura (PCAs) no Ensino Médio Integrado, mediante as bases conceituais da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT). Tratou-se de um estudo desenvolvido exclusivamente a partir de fontes bibliográficas. Tanto as fontes revisadas quanto a literatura que serviu de base para a realização desta pesquisa destacam as PCAs e sua importância na formação integrada profissional de nível médio. Esta integração acontece a partir da relação dialógica do componente curricular Educação Física aos demais da formação básica e profissional, a fim de promover a aproximação entre diversos saberes e áreas do conhecimento, proporcionando ao estudante a aquisição de conhecimentos que contribuam no mundo do trabalho, exercício crítico da cidadania e para sua emancipação. Sendo assim, observou-se que tal abordagem possibilita o rompimento de formas tradicionais de ensino, associando teoria e prática, capaz de ampliar o diálogo entre os conhecimentos dos diferentes componentes curriculares. E, portanto, contribui na formação humana integral e emancipatória, prevista nos normativos da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica – EPT.
Projeto Escola nas Estrelas Dourados (ENED): divulgação científica em ação na extensão universitária
Authors: Martinez Isabella Guedes , Gomes Iris da Silva , Santos Elias Batista dos
Published: December 2024

A Astronomia desde os nossos antepassados intriga e fascina o ser humano, fazendo-o questionar sobre seu lugar no universo, bem como o futuro da humanidade. É a partir deste contexto que a divulgação desta ciência se faz importante para a democratização do acesso de informações, proporcionando novas descobertas para a comunidade. Pensando nisso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as ações pedagógicas desenvolvidas em um curso do Projeto de Extensão Escola nas Estrelas Dourados, realizado em uma das escolas do município de Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul. A atividade central do curso incluía a ministração de palestras e oficinas em que se buscava promover a interação e a inclusão dos discentes. O curso foi organizado em uma sequência didática constituída por cinco encontros, tendo como público-alvo os estudantes do Ensino Médio. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa-ação e, para a produção de informações, utilizou-se a observação participante e as conversas informais. Os resultados indicaram que há um campo rico de possibilidades para a exploração dos conceitos fundamentais da Astronomia no contexto das aulas de Ciências; que a estratégia de encontros semanais pode fazer avançar o processo de divulgação científica nas escolas; e que a ação pedagógica organizada a partir dos princípios da interdisciplinaridade com utilização intencional de Metodologias Ativas pode contribuir para a emergência de uma cultura de estudos sobre Astronomia no âmbito escolar.
Território educativo: ações integradoras e intersetoriais de um projeto em instituições de educação infantil
Authors: Lima Aline Patricia Campos Tolentino de , Tetzlaff Íris Maria Bosco
Published: December 2024

Este artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência vivenciado pelas autoras que participaram da elaboração, implementação e acompanhamento do projeto “Criança de direitos e desejos” fundamentado na perspectiva de território educativoque aconteceu em instituições de Educação Infantil durante os anos de 2022 e 2023 em um munícipio do interior paulista. O projeto teve como principais objetivos a articulação de diferentes agentes sociais, equipamentos públicos, parceiros e sujeitos para a prática pedagógica contextualiza; mobilizar a comunidade na compreensão do território como oportunidade de aprendizagem e estruturar reflexões sobre as práticas pedagógicas integradoras nos territórios educativos que respeitem os bebês e crianças como sujeitos de direitos e desejos. O conceito de território educativo contempla a escola como agente social que dialoga com a sua comunidade no entorno bairro-escola, estabelecendo também o diálogo com a região que lhes são comuns (entre as escolas) que formam o território, tendo por meta final o diálogo com a cidade, ou seja, os territórios juntos formavam uma rede que dialoga entre si, potencializando a confluência para um diálogo educador e educativo, em que todos possam aprender de forma integral. Como considerações finais o relato de experiência das ações de integração e intersetoriais do projeto contribuiu para o entendimento da escola que forma indivíduos capazes de se reconhecer como agentes de mudança, contribuindo para uma formação integral dos bebês e crianças.
The Rule of Work Environment and Discipline on the Performance of Bank Muamalat Employees in Sorong City
Authors: Damanik Lisa Gresti Sella , Edwar Rizka Cintya , Landjang Xenia Irene Sandy , Mangopo Yuni Riskita
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of work environment and work discipline on improving the performance of Muamalat Bank employees throughout Sorong City. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. The number of samples used was 36 Muamalat Bank employees throughout Sorong City. The 36 respondents are permanent employees from Bank Muamalat and the reason the author used a sample of permanent employees is because they tend to have a higher commitment to the organization because they have invested time and energy in the long term. The data collection technique was by distributing and distributing questionnaires to predetermined samples. Furthermore, it was processed using the SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science) analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that (1) the work environment has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Muamalat Bank employees throughout Sorong City, (2) work discipline has a negative and insignificant effect on the performance of Muamalat Bank employees throughout Sorong City. So it can be concluded that hypothesis 1 can be accepted while hypothesis 2 is not accepted.
Risk and Return Analysis on Cryptocurrency Investment
Authors: Hardiyanti Siti Epa
Published: December 2024

The global crypto market has garnered attention from investors due to its high return potential, yet the extreme volatility and associated risks pose significant concerns. This study aims to analyze the risks and returns of cryptocurrency investments using a quantitative approach on global crypto market data. The methods employed include volatility analysis using the GARCH model, as well as risk and return evaluation through CAPM. The results indicate that cryptocurrencies exhibit significantly higher volatility compared to traditional assets, with substantial return potential but accompanied by high risk. These findings imply the need for stricter diversification strategies and risk management for crypto investors to optimize returns and minimize losses.
Presentación
Authors: Hinojosa Rita
Published: December 2024

Presentación del número 37 de Nodo.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE OUTCOME OF ILEOSTOMY VERSUS COLOSTOMY FOR TEMPORARY DIVERSION OF RECTAL ANASTOMOSIS
Authors: HASSAN HK , HUSSAIN S , SHABBIR A , AKHTAR N , RASHEED U , ULLAHA S
Published: December 2024

Temporary diversion with a stoma is often required in patients undergoing rectal resection for rectal cancer to minimize anastomotic complications. Loop ileostomy and loop colostomy are the two common options for fecal diversion. Despite their widespread use, the comparative outcomes regarding morbidity and complications of these procedures, especially in the context of temporary diversion, remain debatable. Objective: To compare the outcomes of loop ileostomy and loop colostomy for temporary rectal diversion in cancer patients undergoing rectal resection. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the General Surgery Department of Nishtar Hospital, Multan from June 2024 to November 2024. A total of 150 rectal cancer patients undergoing anterior resection were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups; Group A included 75 patients undergoing loop ileostomy and Group B included 75 patients undergoing loop colostomy. The primary outcome was to perform a comparison between morbidity outcomes after stoma formation and closure between both procedures. Patients were followed up after every 2-4 weeks in OPD after stomal construction and reversal. Results: After stomal construction, the incidence of complications between both groups was similar. Overall morbidity occurred in 23 patients (30.6%) in group A and 21 patients (28%) in group B. The parastomal hernia was the most common complication in the study population in 31 patients (20.6%), the difference in both groups was insignificant (20% vs 21.3%) (p=0.78). After the stomal reversal, 4 (8%) in group A and 1 (1.9%) in group B had anastomotic leaks, however, the difference was insignificant (p=0.19). 50 (66.7%) patients in the ileostomy group and 51 (68%) patients in the colostomy group underwent stoma reversal. Complications after reversal were similar with the most common complication being wound infection (14 vs 7.9%) (p=0.53%). Conclusion: The outcomes of loop ileostomy and loop colostomy for temporary diversion of rectal anastomosis in patients with rectal cancer were comparable. Larger, randomized studies are needed to verify our findings.
Research advances on conjugated microporous polymer-derived photocatalysts toward solar-to-hydrogen production
Authors: Zhong Linfeng , Han Dongmei , Yu Dingshan
Published: December 2024

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) is a sustainable energy technology that directly produces green and renewable hydrogen fuel from water under the drive of solar energy, achieving the conversion from solar energy to hydrogen energy, while the critical mission toward highly efficient PHE is to develop efficient and durable semiconductor catalysts. In this context, the newly-emerged conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been considered as prospective candidates for efficient PHE due to their low density, good light absorption, high surface area, permanent microporous, and wide availability of synthesis methods. In particular, their molecular customizability and modifiability enable the effective encoding of desirable light-harvesting moieties and photo-catalytically active units into the conjugated polymer backbone for high-performance PHE. Herein, this review provides a brief summary on the latest advancements based on CMP-derived photocatalysts for PHE. First, the synthesis methods, reaction routes, and photoactive units of CMP photocatalysts are elucidated. Subsequently, the feasible methods regarding how to improve the PHE performance of CMPs by expanding light absorption, improving the separation and transport of photogenerated carriers, and promoting surface reactions are put forward. Finally, potential challenges and future prospects for CMP-derived photocatalysts are also discussed.
Heart Failure in Diabetes Mellitus: the Pathogenesis and Treatment
Authors: Xu Yiyang
Published: December 2024

People with diabetes mellitus are more likely to develop heart failure, and those with both conditions often experience a worse prognosis compared to heart failure patients without diabetes. This paper will summarize the pathogenesis of diabetic heart failure and propose treatment and prevention options for diabetic patients with heart failure based on the existing literature and data results. Both types of diabetes lead to high blood sugar levels, which, along with diabetes itself, exert different effects on the heart. As time goes on, it causes heart failure. The outcome demonstrates how chronically elevated blood sugar levels can lead to inflammation and accelerate the development of heart failure. Significant roles are also played by oxidative damage, insulin resistance, and other variables. It has been demonstrated that altering one's lifestyle can avoid diabetic heart failure and improve the quality of life for individuals with asymptomatic diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
Brain computer interface for diagnosis of ASD
Authors: Wang Yuqi
Published: December 2024

ASD, or Autism Spectrum Disorder, is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly impacts an individual's social communication abilities and overall communication skills. Traditional diagnostic methods for ASD face several challenges, including a high degree of subjectivity and difficulties in early identification, which can delay crucial interventions. In this context, Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology emerges as a promising solution. BCI technology offers the capability to provide real-time and objective data on neural activity by directly interpreting brain signals. The paper begins by detailing the clinical characteristics of ASD, highlighting the diverse range of symptoms and behaviors that can manifest in affected individuals. It also discusses the limitations of current diagnostic methods, emphasizing the need for more objective tools. Following this, the fundamental principles and classifications of BCI technology are explained in depth, outlining how it works and the various types of BCIs available. Specific application cases of BCI technology in the diagnosis of ASD are presented, illustrating its practical utility in clinical settings. In conclusion, the paper summarizes the key points discussed and anticipates future developments in the field.
Association between Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene rs4680 SNP and rs165599 SNP and schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of case-control studies
Authors: Li Zibo
Published: December 2024

The relationship between schizophrenia and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Catechol-O-MethylTransferase (COMT) gene has been investigated in numerous research, yielding varying conclusions. The investigation aimed to perform a meta-analysis for the purpose of determining the combined impact measure of the association of the COMT gene rs165599 SNP and ra4680 SNP with schizophrenia. The effect size used to assess the relationship between these two SNPs and schizophrenia was the odds ratio (OR). R studio was used to achieve the pooled ORs. Additionally, for the sake of assessing bias of publications, this paper utilize the Egger's test. Meta-analyses involving 19 independent studies have not revealed a statistically significant association between rs4680 and rs165599 SNPs and schizophrenia; however, the A versus A genetic model regarding rs4680 SNP has demonstrated a positive association with schizophrenia (OR=0.86,95% CI = 0.75-0.99, I= 42%,P= 0.04), which is dependent on two studies. According to this study, there may be no association between the COMT gene rs16599 SNP and rs4680 SNP and the risk of schizophrenia or its psychopathological symptoms.
Effect of sleep disturbances on depression
Authors: Gao Shangxi
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the relationship between sleep disorders and depression, highlighting the complex interplay between various influencing factors. This article will analyze the influence of sleep disorders on depression from three aspects: pathological mechanisms, different age groups, and lifestyle factors. The analysis began with pathological mechanisms, particularly the role of neurotransmitter systems, including histamine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin, all of which significantly regulate sleep and mood states. Dysregulation of these neurotransmitters can exacerbate sleep disturbances, thereby increasing the risk of depression. The researchers also examined the age factor and found that sleep deprivation in adolescents impaired emotion regulation and significantly increased the risk of depression. In contrast, older adults with sleep disorders were three times more likely to develop depression over time. In addition, lifestyle factors such as dietary habits, exercise, and use of electronic devices were explored. A balanced diet and regular physical activity have been shown to improve sleep quality and reduce depressive symptoms. In contrast, the use of electronic devices, especially at bedtime, is associated with poorer sleep outcomes and a higher risk for depression owing to the damaging effect of blue light on melatonin secretion.
Application of Nanotechnology in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Song Boshi
Published: December 2024

The field of medicine has witnessed revolutionary changes in recent years due to rapid advancements in science and technology. Among these transformations, nanotechnology has emerged as a highly promising tool with significant potential for revolutionizing various aspects of healthcare. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the application of nanotechnology in the field of regenerative medicine, with particular emphasis on its impact on bone and skin remodeling. By leveraging the unique properties of nanomaterials, such as their high surface area-to-volume ratio and ability to interact with biological systems at the molecular level, researchers have been able to enhance the effectiveness of regenerative treatments. In bone remodeling, nanotechnology facilitates better integration of implants and promotes the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts, leading to improved bone regeneration. Similarly, in skin remodeling, nanomaterials contribute to accelerated wound healing, enhanced collagen deposition, and reduced scarring. These advancements not only improve the outcomes of traditional regenerative therapies but also open new avenues for developing more efficient and targeted approaches to tissue engineering.
Development, effectiveness, and future directions of HPV vaccines
Authors: Zhang Yihan
Published: December 2024

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines used to prevent sexually transmitted diseases caused by HPV. HPV infection is the leading causation that causing the cervical cancer. Specifically, high-risk-type, for instance, HPV-16 and HPV-18, are also connected with some other cancers. This article summarizes the development mechanism, availability, clinical trials, and problems faced by HPV vaccines. Currently, there were three approved HPV vaccines, including bivalent vaccine, quadrivalent vaccine, and nine-valent vaccine, which can prevent different types of HPV infection. The widely utilization of HPV vaccines has notably diminished the occurrence of diseases that are connected with HPV, especially to guard against cervical cancer. However, research on therapeutic HPV vaccines is still in its early stages, and the results of existing studies in terms of effectiveness and side effects are not ideal. Despite this, therapeutic vaccines remain a promising area in HPV research. This article summarizes the mechanism and effect of preventive HPV vaccines, explores the current status of therapeutic vaccine development, and provides basic information for future HPV vaccine research. Future research should focus on developing more targeted therapeutic vaccines and continue to improve preventive vaccines to cover more high-risk HPV types.
The Application Progress of Optogenetics in Neuroscience and Behavioral Studies
Authors: Xu Qizheng
Published: December 2024

Optogenetics, as an emerging interdisciplinary technology, has enabled the precise manipulation of neuronal activity by combining optical and genetic approaches. This paper summarizes the application of optogenetics in neuroscience and behavioral research and introduces its research background and topics. The application of optogenetics in neuronal activity regulation, neural loop resolution, exploration of learning and memory mechanisms, and treating neurological diseases were focused on. By combining a literature review and case analysis, we analyze the core principles of optogenetics and the technical points of optogenetics and demonstrate their potential applications in different research scenarios. The types and properties of photosensitive proteins and their application strategies in experiments are detailed, demonstrating the unique advantages of optogenetics in revealing the mysteries of neurobiological processes. The results show that optogenetic technology provides a powerful tool to reveal the mysteries of neurobiological processes, but it still faces challenges such as light transmission efficiency and gene delivery safety in practical applications. This paper summarizes the advantages and limitations of optogenetics and prospects for its future direction, providing an important reference for the continuous development of neuroscience and behavioral research.
A novel regulatory mechanism of the MAPK signaling pathway: the negative regulatory role of MKP-1 and its pathophysiological significance
Authors: Wei Ziyue
Published: December 2024

he increasing number of diseases associated with aberrant MAPK signaling underscores the need for a deeper understanding of its regulatory mechanisms: the MAPK pathway is closely associated with cellular responses to various stimuli, and its dysregulation can cause pathologies. This study focuses on the regulatory mechanisms of the MAPK signaling pathway and the role of MAPK phosphatase (MKP) in regulating its activity. The goal of this study is to elucidate the specific function of MKP in the regulation of MAPK signaling and to identify potential therapeutic targets for diseases associated with MAPK dysregulation. In this study, the interaction between MKP and MAPK signaling was investigated using cellular models and biochemical experiments. The primary targets were cells expressing MAPK and MKP, and protein-protein interactions and signaling dynamics were analyzed using methods such as co-immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry. According to this study, MKP is crucial for the exact temporal and spatial modulation of MAPK signaling through its negative regulation. An imbalance in this balance can lead to pathological conditions. This study highlights the importance of MKP in cellular homeostasis and highlights its potential as a therapeutic agent.
Research on the Exoskeleton Enhancing Human Touch
Authors: Sha Yanqing
Published: December 2024

The integration of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) with exoskeleton systems offers a unique potential to enhance and restore human sensory and motor capabilities. This review delves into both invasive and non-invasive BCI technologies, with a special emphasis on the practical application of electroencephalography (EEG). It critically assess the effectiveness and limitations of EEG in controlling exoskeletons, while providing a detailed comparison of various control methods, including direct neuromuscular stimulation, neurofeedback, and machine learning-based intelligent strategies. Additionally, this review addresses the technical challenges faced by integrated systems, particularly in performing complex tasks and delivering real-time feedback, such as the intricacies of signal decoding, system stability, and user adaptability. The conclusion underscores the importance of future research in enhancing system reliability and accuracy, refining user interfaces, and developing novel algorithms to improve performance and user experience. This review aims to equip researchers in the field with a robust theoretical framework and practical insights, facilitating further advancements in the synergy between BCI and exoskeleton technologies.
Advances in Metabolomics based on Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhou Yuexin
Published: December 2024

Metabonomics, as systems biology's most downstream "omics, is the integrity of the system function change important branch discipline of life. Metabonomics is a research field that focuses on complex biological systems, and there are numerous types of common biological samples, such as biological fluids (urine, saliva, serum, plasma, bile, cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, tears, pancreatic juice, and intestinal juice, etc.), animal or human tissue (tumor, liver, brain, adipose tissue, etc.), and cells. Metabonomics typically employs two categories of commonly used research methods: mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research progress in the field of metabonomics within the medical field. The focus is on disease diagnosis, drug research and development, as well as their relationship to nutrition, toxicology, sports medicine, and other related areas. This review is based on an analysis of mass spectrometry. Despite the significant progress made in science, technology, and research, metabolics research still faces a multitude of challenges and opportunities. The ongoing development and innovation of mass spectrometry technology are crucial for the field's advancement. While mass spectrometry has played a pivotal role in metabolomics research, there is a pressing need to enhance its performance in order to improve sensitivity, resolution, and analysis throughput.
Application of brain-computer interface in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Liu Hongyan
Published: December 2024

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease and gradual freezing disease, is a rare disease. At present, it mainly relies on drug therapy and supportive therapy, but the therapeutic effect is not significant. With the progress of medical technology and computer science, brain-computer interface technology, also known as BCI, has been developed in recent years. Previous studies have shown that BCI can be used to help patients with dyskinesia recover and assist patients with brain injury to recover after operation. With further research, the central nervous system signal is transformed into the external environments instruction. For patients with ALS and AD, it is possible to communicate with the outside world through BCI technology. This paper mainly discusses the application in the treatment of ALS to realize barrier-free communication between ALS patients and the outside world. This paper mainly introduces ALS, brain-computer interface technology, and case analysis and explores the application of brain-computer interface technology in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The conclusion is that this treatment method is obviously superior to the traditional method, but it has not been widely popularized and needs further study.
Advancements for artificial ligaments: enhancing biological activity and antibacterial performance
Authors: Yuan Xiaorou
Published: December 2024

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is one of the most frequently performed orthopedic procedures, particularly for athletes seeking to restore knee stability and function. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is widely used for artificial ligaments due to its durability and chemical stability. However, PETs inherent limitations, including poor osteoconductivity and biocompatibility, contribute to graft failure and postoperative infections. Recent advancements in surface functionalization, including the incorporation of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and bioactive glass, have significantly improved PET's osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, promoting enhanced bone integration and healing. Additionally, innovations in antibacterial coatings, such as silver nanoparticles and polydopamine, have demonstrated potential in reducing infection rates and improving the longevity of implants. This review highlights these technological advances, emphasizing how biomaterials and surface modifications are transforming the performance of PET-based artificial ligaments, leading to more successful ACL reconstructions and improved patient outcomes.
Prediction of surgical outcomes in ovarian cancer based on CT imaging
Authors: Li Jingshu
Published: December 2024

This study aims to investigate the commonly used prediction models for the outcomes of ovarian cancer surgery. The study will select 71 cases from the TCGA-OV dataset and divide them into a training set (n=51) and a validation set (n=20) at a ratio of 7:3. The project is based on PyRadiomics Python3.0.1 and extracts 107 basic image features from the image group data, including first-order statistics, shape, gray-level co-occurrence matrix, gray-level size zone matrix, GLRLM, etc. On this basis, the LASSO algorithm is used for feature dimensionality reduction. In building the model, a fuzzy matrix is used to analyze multiple evaluation indicators, including the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). This study hopes to provide more precise diagnostic and treatment plans for patients, with the goal of achieving better treatment outcomes.