bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality of working life of surgeons in multidisciplinary hospitals
Authors: Bochkov Maxim , Spirin Vladimir , Ruta Artem , Shelekhova Tatiana , Zaitseva Marina
Published: February 2024

The quality of work life can directly affect both the general wellbeing and safety of the employee. Quality of work life (QWL) is a concept reflecting the employee’s satisfaction with the conditions of his/her labor activity. It can influence work capacity, labor productivity and - if neglected - cause professional burnout of the employee. The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of work life of surgeons in multidisciplinary hospitals using the Walton questionnaire. The study was conducted among surgeons in Saratov and Engels. The quality of work life was assessed using the 35-item Walton questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions and Student’s independent t-test were used to analyze the data. Seventy-four surgeons participated in the study, with a mean age of 38.9 years (± 4.3) and mean years of experience of 8 years (± 4.33). The majority (89.2%) rated their QWL as average. The criteria selected as the most influential on overall QWL: ability development and general living space received the highest and lowest scores from the respondents, respectively. In addition to improving the workplaces, equipment and instruments used by surgeons, comprehensive improvement of all factors affecting the quality of work life is needed.
Assessment of innovative support of the agricultural industrial complex
Authors: Тagoev Jumakhon , Nabiev Bahodur , Komilov Nizomiddin , Ramazoni Asomuddini , Vohidov Aliakbar
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the issue of innovative support for the agroindustrial complex of the Republic of Tajikistan. An assessment is made of the current state and level of investment in the agricultural sector and agricultural enterprises. It is noted that innovation is the main lever for the development of agricultural production. In justifying the need for an innovative – investment approach to the use of land resources, one should proceed from the understanding that the loss of valuable productive lands, soil degradation, the current decline in their fertility and the deterioration of environmental functions from the standpoint of awareness of the limitations of land resources should be considered as a threat to economic independence and even national security. It should be noted that in conditions of climate warming and water shortage, an innovative method of cultivation, including drip irrigation technology, is the main factor in the efficient use of water resources and at the same time obtaining high yields. Proposals for introducing innovations and conducting research in the field of agriculture are presented. At the same time, the process of foreign investment in agricultural enterprises was analyzed and discussed, its importance in the modern conditions of agriculture of Tajikistan was noted.
Selection of early ripe eggplant varieties resistant to root-knot nematodes
Authors: Nadjiev Juraxon , Jumanov Dilshod , Amirov Xumoyddin , Karimov Abduxoliq , Norsaidova Zuxra
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of many years of research with the aim of creating eggplant varieties and hybrids with early valuable economic traits and traits resistant to root-knot nematode. In the breeding nursery, 3 second-generation eggplant hybrids (F2), obtained as a result of generational research in 2005-2013, were studied. The lines were characterized by growth period, early ripening, fruit weight, shape, color, plant type, etc. At the end of the growing season, the lines were dug up, assessed for damage by root nematodes and selected for the root system. As a result of the research, 16 early ripening lines were identified with high productivity and quality of fruits, resistant to nematodes and other economically valuable traits. In particular, the early, high-yielding, nematode-resistant line L-32-3 was transferred to the State Variety Test in 2021 under the name Globus variety.
Research and exploration on cymatics in sound visualization
Authors: Yun Gao , Jiali Xia
Published: February 2024

The article reveals the connection between kinematics and music. Cymatics is a process by which sound can be visualized on a physical substance, and then captured in a photograph. For example, a kinematic image can be tracked through the impact of the speaker on the sand scattered on the plate. Thus, a fluctuating frequency expressed in Hertz will show an unusual result on the plate. The sound that propagates from the speaker in the environment provokes the mobility of sand on the plate, moreover, quite peculiar. Sand, as it travels from the area of the vibrating sections of the plate to places where the vibration does not reach, creates interesting forms of a symmetrical nature (lines, ovals, waveforms, ellipses and even straight edges). Those areas of the plate in which the vibration does not fall are called nodal points and lines.
Emerging technologies are revolutionizing the rootstock rooting process in agricultural engineering through in vitro techniques
Authors: Bamatov Dzhabrail M. , Daudov Ismail L. , Arsanov Magomed M.
Published: February 2024

This article endeavors to showcase the seamless integration of cutting-edge technologies into the agricultural sector, with a specific emphasis on their application within biotechnology laboratories specializing in in vitro cultivation. The pioneering technology at the heart of this project centers on the automated detection of viral symptoms in micro-cut rootstocks grown in nutrient-rich substrates. Furthermore, we will delve into a comparative analysis, contrasting laboratories equipped with automated processes against those devoid of such advancements, specifically in the context of in vitro cultivation of subject-rooted plants in identical nutrient-rich environments. The anticipated annual financial gains stemming from the incorporation of an automated system into the in vitro laboratory are projected to reach an impressive 1.8 million Russian rubles.
Resource-based planning strategies
Authors: Tkachev Sergey , Klevanskiy Nikolay , Safiullin Ilnur , Scherbakov Alexander , Safin Airat , Bedenko Iraida
Published: February 2024

Issues of energy saving and increasing energy efficiency, being one of the main mechanisms for ensuring sustainable development of the Russian economy, are becoming especially relevant. In this regard, the role of planning energy-saving measures, including the development of resourcebased strategies, is increasing. The article is devoted to the consideration of the current problem of a resource-oriented strategy for multi-project planning. The purpose of the study is related to the presentation of the developed resource-based methods and algorithms. The problem was formulated and formalized using scheduling schemes and priority rules. For numerical experimentation, a prototype of a multi-project planning program and a test task, including 15 projects, were developed. The task contains 450 requests for the implementation of project work, as well as connections between the subsequent/preceding work of each project. The developed program layout, in addition to carrying out calculations using the presented algorithms, visualizes the results of numerical experimentation in the form of Gantt charts and resource consumption diagrams. The performance of the developed methods and algorithms has been confirmed. Conclusions and discussion of the study results are presented.
Theme of Khmer document classification in the field of agriculture based on the use of Naïve Bayes method with keywords
Authors: Sovila Srun , Tak Kean , Chamroen Khim , Begun Olga V. , Dmitrieva Irina A. , Overchenko Elena S.
Published: February 2024

By the empower of the technology and the Internet, there are huge amount of electronic text documents becoming available from day to day. Seeking information in the field of agriculture numerous collection is required well organized documentations that could be automated using text classification. Naïve Bayes, one of the most popular classification methods, is conducted with many languages such as English and Thai in order to do the classification such as post classification, document classification with preferable accuracy. In this paper, we will apply the Naïve Bayes method with Khmer full text search to improve the search result and user preference.
Pole placement with minimum gain and sparse static feedback
Authors: Sevinov Jasur , Kadirov Yorkin , Boeva Okila , Boybutaev Sanjar , Rasulov Abdikhoshim
Published: February 2024

The work addresses the issue of developing polar positioning algorithms for linear control systems with despotic thinning constraints on a static feedback matrix. The design of sparse-limiting feedback control systems is considered to be one of the more complex issues, but the issue of defining the sparse feedback matrix, which allows the selection of eigenvalues or, in other words, the placement of poles, has not been fully studied. Algorithms for determining the eigenvalues, i.e., solving the problem of pole placement and finding the optimal solution of the technological process control system are considered in the work. The results of numerical analysis confirmed the effectiveness of these algorithms, which allows them to be used in solving practical problems of synthesizing adaptive control systems for technological objects.
Needles carbon pool structure in pine stands growing on abandoned farmland in subtaiga/forest-steppe zone of Сentral Siberia
Authors: Vais Andrey , Nemich Victor , Mamedova Sevinch , Mikhaylov Pavel , Nepovinnykh Artem
Published: February 2024

Studying green biomass carbon pool makes it possible to assess carbon sequestration potential of both forests stands and individual trees. Such a study is highly relevant considering the fact that pine stands are replacing abandoned farmlands in Central Siberia. The criterion used to differentiate pine forests was the stand density. Modelling the stands structure (in terms of number of trees and needles carbon pool) considering trees diameter, showed that the Gaussian function is the most adequate. The stands diameter structure differs from the needles carbon pool structure. Trees average for a specific stand sequester the most carbon by their needles. Thus, forest managers should focus on saving medium-sized pine trees. In recent year, there has been a gradually increasing global temperature, which influence both the growth rate and the structure of forest stands. As a result, an equation was obtained that consider the change in the average diameter, standard deviation and maximum temperature extremes.
The problem of the Aral Sea drying up and its impact on the physical development of children in the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Makhmudova Sitora , Pulatova Sabokhat
Published: February 2024

Currently, one of the largest global environmental disasters in recent history is the Aral Sea tragedy, which by its environmental, climatic, socio-economic and humanitarian consequences poses a direct threat to the sustainable development of the region, health, gene pool and future of the people living there. The problem of the Aral Sea has left its imprint on the physical development of children in this region, and there is a tendency to change the physique of children in the direction of reduction of some dimensional features. This article is devoted to the results of the study of figures of preschool children in the Republic of Uzbekistan in order to identify changes in the dimensional characteristics of children.
Predicting the concentration of brominated trihalomethanes in drinking water
Authors: Malkova Maria , Yalaletdinova Alina , Kantor Evgeny
Published: February 2024

The paper presents a method for predicting the content of brominated trihalogen methanes in drinking water depending on turbidity, chromaticity, oxidizability of water source water and chlorine dose. It was found that the mathematical approach associated with the shift of time series of water quality indicators is appropriate to use only for describing the content of bromodichloromethane depending on water quality indicators (turbidity, color and oxidizability). The introduction of chlorine dose as an independent variable into the multiple regression equation does not improve the quality of the model.
Study of particulate emissions when using special wires for underwater welding
Authors: Chernousov Vladimir , Kirichenko Konstantin , Pogodaev Anton , Gridasov Alexander , Kalinin Yuri , Kholodov Alexey , Parshin Sergey , Dokuchaev Ilya , Golokhvast Kirill
Published: February 2024

The article describes the study to evaluate the emissions to atmospheric air of airborne nano- and microparticles generated during underwater welding in seawater from Ajax Bay (Sea of Japan) using special wires and coated electrodes. The most commonly used underwater industrial production processes were selected: semi-automatic (mechanized) underwater welding with a welding wire, manual welding with electrodes, and semi-automatic (mechanized) underwater cutting with a welding wire for cutting. An aerosol particle counter was used to determine the mass concentration of fine aerosol particles in the air of the working area above the aquarium. The highest number of suspended particles in the atmospheric air was observed in the process of underwater welding with a welding electrode. Comparing the welding wire and the welding electrode for underwater welding, it can be concluded that the welding wire is less dangerous for people, which is confirmed by the lower amount of suspended particles emitted into the atmospheric air during its use.
Spatial distribution of plant phytocomplexes on the hilly-ridge sandy territories of the Don basin
Authors: Vlasenko Marina , Salugin Alexandr
Published: February 2024

The aim of the research was to establish spatial patterns of placement of the most productive areas of pasture phytocenoses and to assess biodiversity on the sandy massifs of the Don basin. The objects of research are herbaceous plant communities on geomorphologically different sections of the Ilovlinsky sand massif. Methods of mathematical statistics of the MATLAB package and the SURFER program were used to process and analyze the results. Regression analysis was carried out by the generalized linear regression method. The dependence of the yield of pasture grasses on the projective cover is determined. The results of a statistical regression model describing this relationship in the form of a logistic function are presented. The features of the ecosystem of plant communities on open and medium-grown sands are revealed.
Production of organomineral fertilizers based on local raw materials and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms
Authors: Voqqosov Zuxriddin , Ikramova Maftuna , Olimjanova Madina
Published: February 2024

This article deals with production of organomineral fertilizers based on local raw materials cattle dung local ores (Kyzilkum phosphorite flour and Navbahor bentonite) and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Based on the experiments the following results were obtained. During 60 days the raw materials selected for the experiment were used in optimal proportions: cattle dung: bentonite: nitrogen-fixing microorganisms solution (100:5:0-4) and the main chemistry of organomineral fertilizers obtained on the basis of cattle dung. bentonite. phosphorite flour and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Composition (CD:B:PF:NFM=100:5:5:(0-4)) was analyzed. The physico-chemical and commercial properties of the obtained new type of organomineral fertilizers were studied. The contents of organomineral fertilizer samples were analyzed by modern physicochemical methods. Composting cattle dung with local ores and processing the resulting mixture with a solution containing nitrogen-fixing microorganisms allows to further increase humic substances. assimilable forms of phosphorus and. most importantly. increase. Due to the biofixation of atmospheric molecular nitrogen. the amount of nitrogen increased by 3.4- 4.6 times.
Study of thermal state, water absorption and strength properties of composite polymerpolymer binders
Authors: Rakhmanov Sharifjon , Nishonov Utkirbek
Published: February 2024

In this article, in order to improve the heat-water resistance and strength properties, the modification of urea-formal- dehyde polymeric materials is considered by introducing melamine and acrylonitic resins and reactive compounds into their composition. Shown by identifying the optimal ratios of urea-formaldehyde, melamine and acrylonitrile resins and the corresponding reactive compounds in increasing the heat-water resistance and shear strength of adhesive joints based on them, replacing expensive phenol-formaldehyde resins used in gluing basalt fibrous masses in the production of build- ing heat-insulating sheet materials.
Develоpment оf а thermоcаtаlytic sensоr fоr mоnitоring ethyl аlcоhоl vаpоrs in humаn exhаled аir аnd prоcess gаses
Authors: Abdurakhmonov Ergashboy , Murodova Zulfiya B. , Abdurakhmanova Zamira , Salimova Shohista
Published: February 2024

In this work, highly sensitive thermocatalytic methods and selective devices for observe the content of ethanol vapor in the air and waste industrial gas mixtures have been developed. The main indicators of the developed sensors for the determination of ethanol were assessed. The possibility of creating highly sensitive, selective sensors using measuring and compensation thermosensitive sensor elements containing catalysts of varying activity in relation to the components of complex gas-air mixtures has been experimentally confirmed. The created sensors allow the selective determination of ethanol vapor in a mixture of various gases. The scope of application of the developed sensors is environmental monitoring of atmospheric air and process gases, pre-trip and pre-shift examination of drivers, analysis in treatment rooms, clinics and clinics to accurately determine the clinical condition of patients, etc. Sensors can also be used as a means of self-monitoring.
Solubility in manganese sulfate-ammonium sulfate-water system
Authors: Isakova Oygul M. , Turayev Zokirjon , Ergasheva Ziyoda Sh. , Mamayunusova Manzura G. , Ikramov Muboshir X.
Published: February 2024

The production of phosphorus-containing fertilizers involves the use of mineral acids and phosphate raw materials. In the production process and finished fertilizers, the existence of calcium phosphates, ammonium, sulfuric or nitric and phosphoric acids is possible. Enriched superphosphate contains monocalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate dihydrate, phosphoric acid. During ammoniation, monoammonium phosphate can also be formed. The solubility of the components in the manganese sulfate-ammonium sulfate-water system was studied by the visual-polythermal method in the temperature range from -1.0°С to 27.0°С. The phase diagram limits the regions of ice crystallization, ammonium sulfate, manganese sulfate and chemical compound. A solubility diagram was plotted and a new compound (ammonium sulfate + marganes sulfate + water) (NH4)2Mn(SO4)2*6H2O was isolated. The new compound was identified by chemical, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and IR spectroscopic analyses. To physicochemically substantiate the behavior of marganese sulfate under the conditions of production of enriched superphosphate, the interaction of marganese sulfate with monocalcium phosphate was studied by the method of isomolar series in 0.01 M solutions.
Technology of obtaining micronutrient fertilizers based on micronutrient secondary raw materials of the industry
Authors: Uktamov Dilmurod , Aliyeva Mukhayyo
Published: February 2024

The article presents the research results of obtaining nitrogenphosphorus- calcium-microelement fertilizers by adding suspensions obtained by activating phosphorite with microelement industrial waste in different proportions to the superphosphate mass formed by decomposition of Central Kyzylkum phosphorite flour at different rates of sulfuric acid in laboratory conditions. Experiments were carried out with low-quality phosphorite flour, non-enriched phosphorite flour and washed-burned (thermoconcentrate) phosphorite concentrates (UzDSt 2825:2014) obtained on the basis of phosphorites of the Central Kyzylkum. Also, in order to obtain superphosphate fertilizers with microelements, secondary raw materials with acidic microelements of the РН environment formed during molybdenum processing of Almalyk mining and metallurgical combine joint-stock company were used. Studies have shown that under the influence of micronutrients (copper, zinc, molybdenum, etc.), important physiological and biochemical processes can be controlled, thereby increasing the yield and quality of agricultural products. The use of microelements together with basic fertilizers is an effective and economically important (convenient) agrochemical method. The purpose of the research is to implement new types of phosphoric fertilizers based on incomplete standards of mineral fertilizers and acids, which are widely used in agriculture, or their salt mixtures, using trace element salts and secondary raw materials containing trace elements of hydrometallurgy.
Optimization of parameters and operating modes of the unit for preparing soil for planting rice in Burundi
Authors: Niyomuvunyi Angelos , Tarasenko Boris , Drobot Viktor , Dzjasheev Abdul-Mudalif , Yumagulova Venera , Miroshikhina Ekaterina , Zyryanov Vladimir
Published: February 2024

In Burundi, according to ISTEEBU projections, the area of arable land per household could be around 0.3-0.5 ha over 20-25 years. In modern conditions, the use of large tractors is possible only on the Imbo plain and in the Kumoso basins in the east of the country. At the same time, the practice of polyculture does not contribute to the mechanization of agriculture. Under these conditions, the use of walk-behind tractors will facilitate the work, since instead of machines with passive plow and disk working bodies, it is more rational to use machines with active, rotary working bodies, such as tillage cutters, which are characterized by high quality loosening of the arable layer and soil mixing with fertilizers. However, when working with a walk-behind tractor, the operator is subject to high physical stress and vibration, which affects his health. There is also no fertilization operation.
Digitalization of planning for low-rise development of rural areas
Authors: Mavzovin Vladimir , Klevanskiy Nikolay , Timokhova Oksana , Kiyamov Ilgam , Sabitov Linar
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the current problem of low-rise development of settlements in rural areas. The presence of federal and regional legislative initiatives at the strategic level of planning is noted. The purpose of the study is related to the development of methods and algorithms for the current planning of low-rise buildings. The stated task is considered as a multi-project planning problem. The problem was formulated and formalized using scheduling schemes and priority rules. For numerical experimentation, a model of a multi-project planning program and a test task were developed, including 27 projects of various buildings with household buildings. The task contains 504 requests for the implementation of project work, as well as the work requirements for workers of various specialties, construction mechanisms and funding levels. The developed program layout, in addition to carrying out calculations using the presented algorithms, visualizes the results of numerical experimentation in the form of Gantt charts and resource consumption diagrams. The performance of the developed methods and algorithms has been confirmed. Conclusions and discussion of the study results are presented.
Problems of using GMOs in agriculture
Authors: Andreev Dmitriy
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the problems of using GMOs in agriculture. Conclusions regarding the benefits and risks of using GMOs in agriculture are drawn based on existing scientific works. The main problem associated with the presence of gaps and information vacuum due to the lack of scientific research on GMOs and the specifics of their impact on plants and living organisms is highlighted. Some recommendations for solving the problems of using GMOs in agriculture are given.
The results of determining the parameters of the shell device in experimental research
Authors: Imomqulov Umidjon , Mamasoliyeva Sevara , Soataliyev Diyorbek , Imomqulov Shuxratjon , Idrisov Husanjon
Published: February 2024

The article presents the optimal technological parameters of the device for increasing the quality indicators of the technological process of treating the seeds of agricultural crops with chemical drugs before planting or sowing, and coating the hairy seeds with low dispersion. According to it, when the shovel with a curved surface is installed 10-15° before the break point from the inner walls of the drum, taking into account the angle of friction of the seeds, the number of rotations of the shelling drum of the device is n=25...30 min-1, its angle of inclination relative to the horizontal axis It is stated that the goal can be achieved when β=40°.
Physiological response of Phlox paniculata L. varieties to different growing conditions of Western Siberia
Authors: Butenkova Alina N. , Belaeva Tatiana N. , Shmakova Galina A.
Published: February 2024

Physiological indicators of plants are essential characteristics of plant adaptation to adverse environmental factors. Phlox paniculata varieties (originated from North America) introduced into the southern taiga subzone of Western Siberia experience stress caused by numerous factors. The physiological response to different growing conditions of the southern taiga subzone of Western Siberia was analyzed for 3 varieties of Ph. paniculata. The study employed handheld optical instruments for vital analysis of plant physiological parameters: a compact LI-600P porometer (LI-COR) and a CI-710 leaf spectrometer (CID Bio-Science). Stomatal conductance of phlox leaves in partial shade studied with respect to different varieties was found to virtually remain unchanged. The studied varieties exhibit different degree of resistance to water deficiency. The variety ‘Stanislas’ was found to be resistant to insufficient soil humidity and light, it can be grown in both moderately shaded areas and arid conditions. The studied varieties showed high indices of anthocyanins and carotenoids under good light conditions and natural humidity, which indicates these conditions as the most stressful for Ph. paniculata due to a high degree of water and temperature stress. The greatest difference in the measured indices was found for the variety ‘Antarktida’, which indicates its susceptibility to water deficiency.
Power distribution mechanisms with friction control in the transmission of a road train with an active trailer-dissolution
Authors: Dobretsov Roman , Kalimullin Marat , Karnaukhov Andrey , Voinash Sergey , Kiyamov Ilgam , Sabitov Linar
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the experience of using gear controlled power distribution mechanisms in transport engineering as part of a dynamic stabilization system for high-speed ground vehicles. An overview of the sources on this issue is given. It is shown that the issue of increasing the lateral stability against skidding is relevant in modern conditions and has received a mathematical description mainly in the application to passenger cars. Attention is paid to theoretical studies of Russian scientists involved in the problem of power distribution control in transmissions of transport vehicles and tractors for various purposes. A solution to the problem of full control over the distribution of torques in a transmission containing several drive axles is proposed in the form of a structural diagram of a transmission based on the use of controlled gear power distribution mechanisms. The considered solutions are applicable for monohull vehicles and road trains with an active trailer link. Methods for determining external parameters (gamma of gear ratios) for interaxle and interwheel controlled power distribution mechanisms are proposed in the application to the case of turning a road train with an active trailer-dissolution having an electromechanical transmission.
Using vegetation indices to identify high chlorophyll tree cover in floodplains for carbon sequestration
Authors: Poletaev Arseniy , Lisetskii Fedor
Published: February 2024

The dynamics of changes of Chlorophyll vegetation index (CVI) and Red-edge chlorophyll index (CIRE) for plant cover during the springsummer period on river floodplains has been studied. Landscape sections with high photosynthetic activity were identified through GIS analysis. Various types of plant communities that accumulated chlorophyll during certain time periods, have been determined, as well as the areas of these types. A list of measures was proposed for plots of vegetation with an active accumulation of chlorophyll, and for plots where it is observed decreasing of its level, as well as for plots with an absence of considerable change of the content of chlorophyll level.
Species heights of Siberian spruce on the Yenisei Ridge
Authors: Shevelev Sergey , Mikhaylov Pavel , Vorobeva Irina , Vais Andrey , Romanova Larisa , Artemyev Oleg , Nemich Victor
Published: February 2024

The work is based on materials from 15 sample plots laid out in mixed spruce stands of the Yenisei Ridge, with a relative completeness in the range of 1.62-1.27, belonging to the green moss group of forest types. Based on the data obtained, the features of changes in spruce species heights and their interdependence with other taxation characteristics were established. The results of data processing indicate the need to develop a set of taxation standards for the Yenisei Ridge region.
Prospects of application of modern technologies of remote sensing of the earth in the forest industry
Authors: Makunina Yana , Dolmatov Sergey , Orekhovskaya Alexandra , Scherbakov Alexander , Zyryanov Vladimir , Razetdinov Ilgiz
Published: February 2024

Currently, forest enterprises are characterized by depletion of forest resources and their significant remoteness. To solve a whole range of tasks related to forest management, monitoring of the environmental situation, control of the forest fire situation, remote sensing systems of the Earth have been developed and, to date, are successfully used. At the moment, such systems are located in almost every region, allowing dispatch centers to quickly perform their work. On the basis of the centers there are several operators who transmit information to the forestry and monitor a lot of video surveillance cameras in real time. Cameras help to detect fires and various smoke points much faster and more efficiently than satellite photography. However, the existing methods for detecting fires in forests have long been outdated and require the introduction of modern auxiliary engineering software solutions in this process. Research and development of systems that allow tracking fires that may be located far from human habitats, and their implementation in the work of forest protection enterprises is a top priority in the Ministries of Forestry.
Reduced Interhemispheric Coherence and Cognition in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)—A Quantitative EEG Study
Authors: Gerstner Thorsten , Henning Oliver , Løhaugen Gro , Skranes Jon
Published: February 2024

Background Magnetic resonance imaging in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) children showed altered connectivity, suggesting underlying deficits in networks, which may be related to cognitive outcome. Functional connectivity has been of interest in neurophysiological research with quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) as useful tool for measuring pathology, not detectable by normal EEG. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the EEG interhemispheric coherence (ICoh) in children diagnosed with FASD compared with healthy controls and to relate the results to cognitive scores.

Method Analysis of ICoh in 81 FASD children (4-Digit Code) compared with 31 controls. The children underwent cognitive assessment, and EEG was performed and used for analysis. Group comparisons and analysis of covariance interaction models were used to test for differences between FASD and controls but also to look for differences between FASD subgroups. Significant findings were correlated to cognitive scores.

Results Lower ICoh was found in the frontal and temporal derivations in the FASD group. When comparing FASD subgroups, children with fetal alcohol syndrome had lower ICoh occipital. Reduced ICoh in the temporal alpha band was correlated with lower performance IQ in the FASD group.

Conclusion Our findings could imply hypoconnectivity between the hemispheres with impact on cognition. We suggest that EEG coherence analysis could be a sensitive parameter in the detection of electrophysiological abnormalities in FASD with possible clinical relevance. These results may indicate that QEEG could be used as biomarker for FASD. However, further research is needed to determine the role of QEEG analysis in the diagnosis of FASD.
Impact of Age on the Relationship between Cross-Clamp Time and Mortality in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Mukharyamov Murat , Kirov Hristo , Caldonazo Tulio , Doenst Torsten
Published: February 2024

Age is an independent risk factor for mortality even when all known comorbidities are considered. Thus, other factors may additionally contribute to the age-associated risk. We performed a systematic literature search and identified 161 manuscripts, of which 32 studies (18,256 patients) were analyzed. Cross-clamp time correlated with observed mortality. The increase in mortality risk with cross-clamp time was much greater in older patients than in younger patients. The log odds ratio (OR) for age and cross-clamp time was 0.07 and 0.01, respectively, which was highly significant for both independent risk factors. Age accelerates the increase in mortality risk with increasing aortic cross-clamp times.
Oncologic outcomes of screen-detected and non-screen-detected T1 colorectal cancers
Authors: Laclé Miangela M. , Moons Leon M. G. , van der Schee Lisa , Haasnoot Krijn J. C. , Elias Sjoerd G. , Gijsbers Kim M. , Alderlieste Yasser A. , Backes Yara , van Berkel Anne-Marie , Boersma Femke , ter Borg Frank , Breekveldt Emilie C.H. , Kessels Koen , Koopman Miriam , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , van Leerdam Monique E. , Rasschaert Gertjan , Schreuder Ramon-Michel , Schrauwen Ruud W.M. , Seerden Tom C.J. , Spanier Marcel B.W. , Terhaar sive Droste Jochim S. , Toes-Zoutendijk Esther , Tuynman Jurriaan B. , Vink Geraldine R. , de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel Wouter H. , Vleggaar Frank P.
Published: February 2024

Background The incidence of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased with the implementation of CRC screening programs. It is unknown whether the outcomes and risk models for T1 CRC based on non-screen-detected patients can be extrapolated to screen-detected T1 CRC. This study aimed to compare the stage distribution and oncologic outcomes of T1 CRC patients within and outside the screening program.

Methods Data from T1 CRC patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2017 were collected from 12 hospitals in the Netherlands. The presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) at diagnosis was compared between screen-detected and non-screen-detected patients using multivariable logistic regression. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze differences in the time to recurrence (TTR), metastasis-free survival (MFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival. Additionally, the performance of conventional risk factors for LNM was evaluated across the groups.

Results 1803 patients were included (1114 [62%] screen-detected), with median follow-up of 51 months (interquartile range 30). The proportion of LNM did not significantly differ between screen- and non-screen-detected patients (12.6% vs. 8.9%; odds ratio 1.41; 95%CI 0.89–2.23); a prediction model for LNM performed equally in both groups. The 3- and 5-year TTR, MFS, and CSS were similar for patients within and outside the screening program. However, overall survival was significantly longer in screen-detected T1 CRC patients (adjusted hazard ratio 0.51; 95%CI 0.38–0.68).

Conclusions Screen-detected and non-screen-detected T1 CRCs have similar stage distributions and oncologic outcomes and can therefore be treated equally. However, screen-detected T1 CRC patients exhibit a lower rate of non-CRC-related mortality, resulting in longer overall survival.
Noninvasive diagnostic imaging of pelvic venous disorders
Authors: Szkodziak Filip , Wozniak Slawomir , Szkodziak Piotr Robert , Pyra Krzysztof , Paszkowski Tomasz
Published: February 2024

It is estimated that chronic pelvic pain (CPP) may affect up to 24% of women. Unfortunately, very often, despite extensive diagnostics, the cause of CPP remains unknown. The pathophysiology of CPP could be explained to a large extent by the occurrence of pelvic venous disorders (PVD). Although pelvic venography is still considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of PVD, noninvasive diagnostic imaging techniques seem to be instrumental in the initial identification of patients with PVD. This literature review aimed to analyze and evaluate the usefulness of noninvasive diagnostic imaging techniques like transvaginal ultrasonography, transabdominal ultrasonography, magnetic resonance, and computed tomography in the diagnosis and identification of patients with PVD. Forty-one articles published between 1984 and 2023 were included in this literature review. Based on this literature review, we conclude that the clinical application of noninvasive diagnostic techniques in the diagnosis of PVD seems to be very promising. Future studies investigating the role of noninvasive diagnostic imaging techniques in the diagnosis of PVD are required.
487 - Adult atopic dermatitis is associated with impaired oral health and oral dysbiosis - a case-control study
Authors: Shahin Aaya , Leshem Yael A , Taieb Yossi , Baum Sharon , Barzilai Aviv , Jedda Danielle , Sharon Efrat , Koren Omry , Coppenhagen-Glazer Shunit , Hazan Ronen , Houri-Haddad Yael , Greenberger Shoshana
Published: February 2024

Background

Previous studies linked chronic oral diseases to skin disorders such as psoriasis. However, data about oral health and oral microbiota in atopic dermatitis (AD) is sparse.

Objectives

To compare the oral health status and oral microbiota of AD patients and healthy controls.

Methods

This was a prospective sex and age- matched case-control study comparing adult participants with and without dermatologist-verified AD. Exclusion criteria included recent use of oral, topical, or systemic medication that could affect oral health or microbiome assessment. Oral health indices including Gingival Index, Plaque Index, Oral Hygiene Index, Caries Severity Index and prosthodontics status, were assessed by a dentist. Samples of oral flora were collected and subjected to high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis for microbiome analysis.

Results

Forty-five AD participants and 41 non-AD controls were recruited. The two groups had no significant differences in terms of their demographic and clinical characteristics, except for the higher rate of atopic co-morbidities in the AD group (p<.001). Compared to the control group, participants with AD had significantly poorer plaque (p=0.04) and oral hygiene indices (p=0.04) and a trend towards higher gingival index (p=0.05). The results of the Faith phylogenetic diversity (FDR) test indicated that the oral microbial diversity in the AD group was significantly higher (α-diversity, FDR-adjusted p=0.0007) when compared with the control group. Characterization of the similarities and differences in the composition of the microbial communities between the samples (β-diversity) from the AD patients and controls indicated that they clustered separately. The groups showed significant dissimilarity and distinct clustering of microbial abundance (FDR-adjusted p=0.001). Importantly, higher community diversity was previously linked to periodontitis and gingival disease. Furthermore, AD patients had a significantly increased abundance of taxa correlated with oral diseases and decreased abundance of oral health-associated bacteria.

Conclusion

AD appears to be associated with poorer oral health and oral dysbiosis, and thus, there is a need to increase the awareness of both patients and physicians about oral health.
524 - Efficacy of upadacitinib and dupilumab on achieving stringent and composite skin and itch outcomes: an indirect comparison of adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis
Authors: Armstrong April W , Hong H Chih-Ho , Calimlim Brian M , Buessing Marric G , Crowell Marjorie M , Silverberg Jonathan I
Published: February 2024

Introduction/Background

Efficacy of upadacitinib has been assessed in trials including Measure Up 1 (NCT03569293), Measure Up 2 (NCT03607422), and Heads Up (NCT03738397). Measure Up 1 and Measure Up 2 assessed efficacy of upadacitinib 30mg and upadacitinib 15mg against placebo, while Heads Up assessed efficacy of upadacitinib 30mg in a head-to-head trial against dupilumab 300mg. Network meta-analysis has shown that upadacitinib 30mg and upadacitinib 15mg are among the most efficacious targeted systemic therapies, but prior indirect comparisons have not evaluated stringent and composite measures of efficacy.

Objectives

To indirectly compare upadacitinib and dupilumab on stringent and composite measures of skin clearance and itch resolution.

Methods

A population-adjusted indirect comparison using covariate adjustment as a treatment effect calibration was conducted using individual patient data from Measure Up 1 and 2 and Heads Up. Specifically, the indirect comparison model estimated how upadacitinib 15 mg would have performed if included in Heads Up by adjusting for patient-level covariates (age, gender, race, country, previous use of systemic therapy, disease duration, baseline validated Investigator Global Assessment scale for AD score, and baseline Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI]). Absolute response rates at weeks 4 and 16 were estimated for the following outcomes: no/minimal itch (Worst Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale [WP-NRS] score of 0/1), 100% improvement in EASI (EASI 100), achievement of both ≥90% improvement in EASI (EASI 90) and WP-NRS 0/1, and achievement of both EASI 100 and WP-NRS 0/1. The analysis was conducted on adult patients, aligned with the intention-to-treat population for the clinical trials, and utilized non-responder imputation.

Results

Across all outcomes assessed, the estimated absolute response rates were greatest for upadacitinib 30 mg, followed by upadacitinib 15 mg, and then dupilumab. This pattern was observed at week 4 on the achievement of WP-NRS 0/1 (upadacitinib 30 mg: 34.2% | upadacitinib 15 mg: 18.2% | dupilumab: 7.9%), EASI 100 (8.5% | 4.7% | 1.8%), EASI 90 & WP-NRS 0/1 (21.9% | 10.6% | 3.3%), and EASI 100 & WP-NRS 0/1 (6.4% | 3.5% | 1.2%). This ranking was maintained at week 16 for WP-NRS 0/1 (35.4% | 22.5% | 16.2%), EASI 100 (28.4% | 22.2% | 7.9%), EASI 90 & WP-NRS 0/1 (32.2% | 19.6% | 12.4%), and EASI 100 & WP-NRS 0/1 (19.6% | 12.7% | 4.2%).

Conclusions

For adults with moderate-to-severe AD, upadacitinib 30 mg appears to be the most efficacious treatment in attaining stringent and composite outcomes after 4 and 16 weeks, followed by upadacitinib 15 mg, and then dupilumab.
526 - Efficacy of upadacitinib vs dupilumab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: analysis of time spent in itch response state from the Heads Up study
Authors: Blauvelt Andrew , de Bruin-Weller Marjolein , Kwatra Shawn G , Gooderham Melinda J , Kim Brian , Liu Yingyi , Chu Alvina D , Ofori Sarah , Platt Andrew , Calimlim Brian M , Silverberg Jonathan I
Published: February 2024

Introduction/Background

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense and debilitating pruritus – its most burdensome symptom – and requires long-term control. Results from the Heads Up trial (NCT03738397) found that upadacitinib (UPA) 30 mg was superior to dupilumab (DUPI) 300 mg for improving itch as indicated by increases in the percent of improvement from baseline for Worst Pruritus NRS scores (WP-NRS).

Objective

This analysis compared the proportion of days patients treated with UPA or DUPI spent in itch response states indicated by WP-NRS.

Methods

Heads Up was a 24-week head-to-head phase 3b multicenter, randomized, double-blind study comparing UPA 30 mg to DUPI 300 mg in adults with moderate-to-severe AD. We compared the proportion of days patients treated with UPA or DUPI spent in an improved-itch state (WP-NRS improvement ≥4 relative to baseline; among patients with baseline WP-NRS ≥4) or a state of no/minimal itch (WP-NRS 0/1; among patients with baseline WP-NRS >1).

Results

Participants included 673 patients randomized into two groups: those taking UPA (N=342) or DUPI (N=331). At 4 and 16 weeks, patients treated with UPA vs DUPI spent a greater proportion of days in an improved-itch state (week 4: 50.0% vs 19.3%; week 16: 60.4% vs 35.7%), and in a state of no/minimal itch (week 4: 22.1% vs 4.3%; week 16: 34.4% vs 11.4%).

Conclusions

Treatment of moderate-to-severe AD with UPA 30 mg daily resulted in a greater proportion of days spent with meaningful itch improvement (WP-NRS improvement ≥4) and more time with no/minimal itch (WP-NRS 0/1) compared to treatment with DUPI over 4 and 16 weeks.