bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Construção do nome social de pessoas trans e aspectos relacionados em um município de porte médio do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Binotto Felipe Somavilla , Brum Valquíria Martins de , Silva Layanne Almeida da , Unfer Beatriz , Tôrres Luísa Helena do Nascimento
Published: February 2024

Resumo O trabalho analisou o processo de construção do nome social e aspectos relacionados em pessoas trans de um município de porte médio do Sul do Brasil. Foram utilizados dados qualitativos de um estudo de método misto descritivo e exploratório. Incluíram-se pessoas autodeclaradas trans com 18 anos ou mais. Foram conduzidos três grupos focais com dez participantes. Estes, com idade variando entre 19 e 52 anos, apresentam nome social documentado, porém metade ainda não fez a alteração nos registros civis. A técnica da análise de conteúdo produziu duas categorias: “construção do nome social como instrumento de validação da identidade trans” e “impactos da construção do nome social na autoaceitação e nas relações familiares e sociais”. Os resultados reforçam a importância do respeito ao nome como forma de contribuição para a afirmação de gênero de sujeitos trans. O nome esteve atrelado às suas vivências, individualidades e valores. Seu uso adequado, muito mais do que o cumprimento de uma legislação, significou respeito às possibilidades diversas da existência humana. Espera-se que os resultados apresentados possam ser utilizados como ferramenta de reconhecimento acerca das questões e nuances que permeiam a construção do nome social, bem como contribuam para a validação identitária.
Os impactos da violência entre mulheres em relação íntima: uma revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Mota Fabiana Lobo , Almeida Margareth Aparecida Santini de , Machado Dinair Ferreira
Published: February 2024

Resumo O objetivo é identificar impactos culturais, sociais e de saúde causadas pela violência na parceria íntima (VPI) em mulheres homoafetivas (MOH) e biafetivas (MOB). Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura que buscou e analisou estudos indexados nas bases de dados PubMed e Lilacs, sendo considerados os idiomas: inglês, português e espanhol. O estudo buscou responder a seguinte pergunta de pesquisa: “Quais impactos a VPI traz para as MOB e MOH?”. Foram encontrados 42 estudos e após aplicado os critérios de exclusão, 19 compuseram a amostra final. Os dados foram analisados a partir da metodologia de análise de conteúdo, modalidade análise temática de Bardin (2009). A análise na íntegra dos artigos revelou duas categorias: 1) A violência na parceria íntima e os impactos socioculturais; e 2) A violência na parceira íntima e os impactos na saúde. A vivência de situações de violência na parceria íntima entre mulheres homo e/ou biafetivas afeta suas dimensões socioculturais e de saúde, já que elas estão sob o viés da dupla vulnerabilidade: mulher em relações homo/biafetivas. Existe também invisibilidade do fenômeno nos serviços de saúde já que os profissionais não são formados para abordar as diferentes orientações sexuais entre mulheres e menos ainda as situações de violência advindas dessas relações.
The impacts of violence among women in intimate relationships: an integrative literature review
Authors: Mota Fabiana Lobo , Almeida Margareth Aparecida Santini de , Machado Dinair Ferreira
Published: February 2024

Abstract The aim is to identify cultural, social and health impacts caused by intimate partner violence (IPV) in homoaffective (MOH) and biaffective (MOB) women. This is an integrative literature review that sought and analyzed studies indexed in the PubMed and Lilacs databases, considering the following languages. The study sought to answer the following research question: “What impacts does IPV bring to MOB and MOH?”. Forty two studies were found and after applying the exclusion criteria, 19 went into the final sample. Data were analyzed using the content analysis methodology, Bardin’s thematic analysis modality (2009). The full analysis of the articles revealed two categories: 1) Intimate partner violence and sociocultural impacts; and 2) Intimate partner violence and health impacts. The experience of situations of violence in intimate partnerships between homo and/or biaffective women affect their sociocultural and health dimensions, since they are under the bias of double vulnerability: women in homo/biaffective relationships. There is also an invisibility of the phenomenon in health services, since professionals are not trained to address the different sexual orientations among women and even less the situations of violence resulting from these relationships.
Prevalência e fatores associados ao comportamento sexual de risco de adolescentes escolares brasileiros
Authors: Monte Layanne Lima , Rufino Andréa Cronemberger , Madeiro Alberto
Published: February 2024

Resumo O artigo avaliou a prevalência e fatores associados ao comportamento sexual de risco (CSR) de adolescentes escolares do Brasil. Trata-se de estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, 2019, com amostra representativa de adolescentes escolares brasileiros do 9º ano do ensino fundamental. Foram avaliadas características sociodemográficas, comportamentais, de saúde sexual e reprodutiva, de saúde mental e de sociabilidade, orientações recebidas na escola e autoimagem corporal. Caracterizou-se o CSR como o não uso de preservativo na última relação sexual. Os dados foram analisados por modelo hierarquizado com regressão robusta de Poisson. A prevalência de CSR foi de 40,3%, com menor proporção na região Norte (37,4%). Houve maior prevalência do CSR entre adolescentes do sexo feminino, cuja primeira relação sexual ocorreu com 13 anos ou menos, que foram vítimas de violência sexual, que praticaram bullying e que usaram drogas ilícitas, cigarro e álcool. Aqueles que usaram preservativo na primeira relação sexual apresentaram menor prevalência de CSR. A alta prevalência de CSR entre adolescentes escolares no Brasil, aliada ao conhecimento dos fatores associados, deve propiciar o estabelecimento de estratégias para favorecer a melhoria na saúde sexual e reprodutiva desses jovens.
Prevalence and factors associated with risky sexual behavior among Brazilian school adolescents
Authors: Monte Layanne Lima , Rufino Andréa Cronemberger , Madeiro Alberto
Published: February 2024

Abstract This article evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB) among Brazilian school adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study with data collected from the National Survey of School Health, 2019 edition, with a representative sample of 7th grade of elementary school to 3rd year of high school Brazilian school adolescents. This work evaluated sociodemographic, behavioral, sexual and reproductive health, mental health, sociability characteristics, medical advice received at school, and body image. RSB was characterized as the non-use of a condom during sexual intercourse. The data were analyzed using hierarchical Poisson regression modeling. The prevalence of RSB was of 40.3%, with the lowest proportion appearing in the North region (37.4%). The highest prevalence of RSB was found among female adolescents, whose first sexual intercourse occurred at 13 years of age or under, who were victims of sexual violence, who practiced bullying, and who used illicit drugs, cigarettes, and alcohol. Those who used a condom during their first sexual intercourse showed the lowest prevalence of RSB. The high prevalence of RSB among Brazilian school adolescents, together with the knowledge of the associated factors, serves to define strategies to favor improvements in the sexual and reproductive health of these young people.
The failure of postmodern biopolitics: some notes on travesti beautification technologies and practices
Authors: Vartabedian Julieta
Published: February 2024

Abstract Based on the ethnographic work I conducted with a group of Brazilian travesti sex workers in Rio de Janeiro and Barcelona, this article aims to analyze how they adopt technologies to transform and beautify their bodies that question the biomedical model of our society: their bodies are not read as “docile”, “healthy”, or “productive” since they do not “fit into”, nor pretend to fit into the dominant sexual binary. On the other hand, beauty - as a political and transformative field - is one of the main elements that travestis have to find their place in the world through their (trans)national displacements: they are self-constructing as social subjects who claim some intelligibility while they become beautiful travestis. Therefore, travestis believe that beauty is a (transitory) space of liberation that, ultimately, reveals how certain biopolitical technologies have failed to produce undisciplined bodies and beautiful travestis who - through their survival - rebel against a heteronormative power that considers that their bodies are not worthy of mourning and, consequently, “deserve to die”.
A Lotus or a Dragon? - The orientalization and fetishization of Asian women’s bodies
Authors: Pires Isabel
Published: February 2024

Abstract This article stems from interviews conducted with Chinese women residing in Lisbon, aged 18-34, during the initial phase of fieldwork (2021/2022). As an outcome of my Anthropology Ph.D. project, the focus here is on comprehending the perception of Asian women within the realm of everyday life as fetishized entities and how they persist in (re)shaping their identities. By primarily examining visual “yellow fever” depictions (in Hollywood cinema through films like “The World of Suzie Wong”, “Madame Butterfly”, “Miss Saigon”, and the “Year of the Dragon”, along with interracial Pornography), I endeavor to delve into the impact of “race”, “sexual fetishization”, and the ubiquitous propagation of stereotypical imagery on the lives of the individuals I engage with.
“Me prende, DeleGata!” - performatividades de gênero na construção da beleza como uma arma estética e discursiva de poder entre delegadas da Polícia Civil
Authors: Silva Daniele Andrade da , Uziel Anna Paula
Published: February 2024

Resumo O presente artigo aborda as construções performáticas de gênero de delegadas de polícia atuantes no estado do Rio de Janeiro. A partir da utilização da Cartografia como método de pesquisa, acompanhamos percursos, conexões e processos de construção de feminilidades, acionadas e performadas por nossas entrevistadas para constituírem um local de respeito e destaque dentro e fora da Instituição, usando a beleza como ferramenta estética e discursiva de poder, a partir da classe performática DeleGata. Foram realizadas entrevistas de manejo cartográfico com nove delegadas lotadas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, com idades entre 30 e 59 anos. Embora a polícia valorize historicamente ideários reconhecidos como masculinos, como força e virilidade, as performatividades de gênero operadas pelas delegadas permitem uma feminilização da polícia. A figura/enunciação da DeleGata, que constrói uma imagem da mulher delegada, fazendo supor uma unidade, significa a produção de sujeitos políticos, assim como ideias e valores que atingem um padrão comunicativo e performático, visibilizando certa mulher que ornamenta - com sua beleza - e que surpreende - com sua inteligência - ao mesmo tempo. Assim, a DeleGata coloca em ação extremos aparentemente antagônicos: beleza-inteligência, sensualidade-poder, feminilidade-força e produzem um regime social e simbólico de produção de corpos e feminilidades.
Everything is similar, everything is different! Trichorhina (Oniscidea, Platyarthridae) from Brazilian caves, with descriptions of 11 new species
Authors: Campos-Filho Ivanklin Soares , López-Orozco Carlos Mario , Carpio-Díaz Yesenia M. , Borja-Arrieta Ricardo Luis , Gallão Jonas Eduardo , Taiti Stefano , Sfenthourakis Spyros , Bichuette Maria Elina
Published: February 2024

Abstract The present work describes 11 new species of the genus Trichorhina from Brazilian caves in the states of Bahia, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, and São Paulo. Moreover, the distribution of T. tomentosa has been expanded to include the states of Mato Grosso and Minas Gerais. Additionally, a distribution map and a key for all Brazilian species of Trichorhina, including epigean ones, are provided.
Clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine therapy for female stress urinary incontinence: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Yanan , Zheng Han , Miao Yiqun , Zhao Shuliang , Sun Wenting , Zhang Yuanyuan
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Method: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched for articles published up to September 2022. Variables were analyzed using weighted mean difference (WMD), standardized mean difference (SMD), odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Eight studies containing 744 patients were included in this study. The results demonstrate that TCM therapy had more advantages in improving the clinical outcome of SUI patients (OR = 2.90, 95%CI:1.92–4.37, P = 0.000), reducing the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) score (WMD = –2.41, 95%CI:–2.83– –1.98, P = 0.000), reducing 1-h urinary pad leakage urine volume (WMD = –1.86, 95%CI:–2.23– –1.49, P = 0.000) and increasing Maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) (SMD = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.61–1.11, P = 0.000). Conclusion: TCM therapy is effective in improving urinary incontinence symptoms, urodynamics, and quality of life in patients with SUI. This article provides a reference for the application of TCM therapy in women with urinary incontinence.
Logical model of reception and risk classification for women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia
Authors: Silva Sandra Cristina de Souza Borges , Brandão Paula Soares , Cardoso Gisela Cordeiro Pereira , Paes Graciele Oroski , Trotte Liana Amorim Correa , Stipp Marluci Andrade Conceição
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the validation of the Logical Model of Reception and Risk Classification for women with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia in a high-risk maternity hospital. Method: Evaluative research with a quantitative approach. The elaboration and validation of the Logical Model were systematized in stages related to the scope review, preparation of the document guided by the Donabedian model and validation by 12 stakeholders, aiming at the assessment of the Content Validation Index. Results: The problem that gave rise to the intervention was elaborated, supporting the construction of the Logical Model. Agreement was reached on 24 items, reaching a Content Validation Index of 0.99. Stakeholders included contributions regarding correlations between elements of the structure and process. Conclusion: The document achieved high content validity and could contribute to decision-making by managers in the Reception and Risk Classification sectors for women with pre-eclampsia and/or eclampsia.
Analysis of the relationship between perceived stress level and death anxiety in individuals with COPD
Authors: Genç Zeliha Büyükbayram
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress level and death anxiety in individuals with COPD. Method: It was planned with a descriptive and relational screening design. It was carried out with the participation of 132 patients diagnosed with COPD. The study data were collected through Patient Information Form, Perceived Stress Scale, and Death Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used in data analysis. Results: The COPD patients’ total perceived stress scale and perceived insufficient self-efficacy and perceived stress/distress subscale mean scores were found as 32.75 ± 5.32, 15.81 ± 3.60, and 16.93 ± 2.97, respectively. The patients’ Anxiety total scale mean score was determined to be 6.96 ± 3.40. A positive and statistically significant relationship was found between COPD patients’ Perceived Stress total scale mean score and their Death Anxiety Scale mean score (F = 4.332, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Perceived stress level of COPD patients was found to be at a high level, while their death anxiety level was determined as moderate. It was also determined that as perceived stress levels of the patients increased, their death anxiety levels also increased.
Prevalência e fatores associados à realização de exames pré-natais na pandemia de COVID-19: um estudo transversal
Authors: Fabri Eduarda Rockenbach , Canônico Simone Biff , Silva Rosane Meire Munhak da , Ferreira Helder , Zilly Adriana , Contiero Ana Paula
Published: February 2024

Resumo Objetivo Identificar a prevalência da realização dos exames de pré-natal e seus fatores associados, durante a pandemia de COVID-19, em uma regional de saúde brasileira. Método Pesquisa transversal, descritiva, realizada em três maternidades públicas, com 408 puérperas, por meio de inquérito e consulta de prontuários e cartão da gestante. Utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado assumindo nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados Houve baixa prevalência na realização dos exames de pré-natal, sendo 67% no primeiro trimestre, 59,2% no segundo e 48,98% no terceiro. A raça não branca e o início do pré-natal após a 14ª semana estão associados à baixa realização dos testes sorológicos/bioquímicos. Conclusão e implicações para a prática A realização dos exames do pré-natal não ocorreu de forma satisfatória durante o período pandêmico, possibilitando verificar a existência de lacunas na qualidade da assistência pré-natal. Em situações adversas, como ocorrido na pandemia de COVID-19, o enfermeiro pode utilizar de estratégias que garantam a continuidade e integralidade da assistência pré-natal, especialmente entre as populações de maior vulnerabilidade.
Polarização ideológica entre deputados federais no Brasil (2005-2021)
Authors: Borba Julian , Ferreira Matheus G. M. , Silva Gregório U. L. da , Amorim Lucas de C. de
Published: February 2024

Resumo O artigo analisa a polarização ideológica dos deputados federais brasileiros entre 2005-2021. Utiliza como base empírica surveys realizadas com parlamentares durante o período (Brazilian Legislative Survey [BLS] e o Latin American Elites project of the University of Salamanca [PELA-USAL]). São encontradas evidências que os parlamentares brasileiros se tornaram mais liberais em temas culturais e com posições em favor do mercado acerca das questões econômicas. Quando as posições são analisadas por partido e sua localização no eixo esquerda/direita, encontraram-se evidências de uma maior diferenciação entre os partidos à medida que nos afastamos de 2005. Porém, isso não significa que estejamos diante de um sistema partidário polarizado. O mais correto seria afirmar que estamos diante de um quadro de partidos mais diferenciados num sistema não polarizado.
Trend of incompleteness of the Robson Classification variables in the Live Birth Information (SINASC) in the state of Paraná, Brazil, 2014-2020
Authors: Falavina Larissa Pereira , Fujimori Elizabeth , Lentsck Maicon Henrique
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the incompleteness of the Robson Classification variables in the Live Birth Information System (Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos - SINASC), in the state of Paraná, and its trend, 2014-2020. Methods: This was a time-series study that analyzed six variables, according to health macro-regions. Incompleteness was classified (percentage of “ignored” and “blank fields”) as follows: excellent (< 1.0%); good (1.0-2.9%); regular (3.0-6.9%); poor (≥ 7.0%). Prais-Winsten regression was used to estimate trends. Results: A total of 1,089,116 births were evaluated. The variable “cesarean section before the onset of labor” was classified as poor in 2014 (39.4%) and 2015 (44.3%) in the state and in all macro-regions, but with a decreasing trend in incompleteness. The variables “gestational age” in the North and Northwest macro-regions, and “parity” and “number of fetuses” in the Northwest macro-region showed an increasing trend. Conclusion: Most of the variables evaluated showed low percentages of incompleteness with a decreasing trend, but there is a need to improve the completion of some variables.
Tendência de incompletude das variáveis da Classificação de Robson no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) no estado do Paraná, 2014-2020
Authors: Falavina Larissa Pereira , Fujimori Elizabeth , Lentsck Maicon Henrique
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a incompletude das variáveis da Classificação de Robson no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc) do Paraná e sua tendência, 2014-2020. Métodos: Estudo de séries temporais que analisou seis variáveis, segundo macrorregionais de saúde. Classificou-se a incompletude (percentual de campos “ignorados” e “em branco”) em: excelente (< 1,0%); bom (1,0-2,9%); regular (3,0-6,9%); ruim (≥ 7,0%). Utilizou-se regressão de Prais-Winsten para estimar tendências. Resultados: Foram avaliados 1.089.116 nascimentos. A variável “cesárea antes do trabalho de parto iniciar” classificou-se como ruim, em 2014 (39,4%) e 2015 (44,3%), no estado, e em todas as macrorregionais, porém com tendência decrescente de incompletude. As variáveis “idade gestacional” no Norte e Noroeste, e “paridade” e “número de fetos” no Noroeste apresentaram tendência crescente. Conclusão: A maioria das variáveis avaliadas mostrou baixos percentuais de incompletude com tendência decrescente, mas é preciso melhorar o preenchimento de algumas variáveis.
DESAFIOS PEDAGÓGICOS NO ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE SARS-CoV2 NO IF SUDESTE MG - CAMPUS RIO POMBA
Authors: Barbosa Lívia Maria dos Reis , Botelho Margareth Evangelista , Ferreira Debora Rezende , Silva Vanessa Riani Olmi
Published: February 2024

Diante da necessidade do isolamento social causada pela pandemia, as aulas presenciais foram suspensas dando lugar ao ensino remoto emergencial (ERE). Essa migração abrupta não permitiu nenhum planejamento ou preparação dos atores envolvidos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Nesse contexto, coube ao docente o desafio de adaptar-se a essa nova realidade atípica. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com o presente estudo, descrever as características e desafios enfrentados pelos professores do IF Sudeste MG - Campus Rio Pomba durante o ERE e seus impactos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Para isso, foi utilizado um questionário estruturado com participação de 41 docentes. Dificuldades relacionadas a formação pedagógica, uso de ferramentas tecnológicas e de metodologias ativas de ensino (MAE) e processo adaptativo dos docentes foram evidenciadas. Docentes não consideraram o ERE capaz de suprir eficientemente os objetivos das disciplinas, apesar de considerarem que houve apoio institucional necessário. A autoavaliação do desempenho docente durante o ERE foi predominantemente positiva. Antes do ERE, o uso de MAE era menor, especialmente entre os docentes acima de 40 anos e homens, além disso, as dificuldades do uso de MAE aumentaram com a idade, sendo que mais homens relataram não as utilizar. A adaptação ao ERE foi considerada mediana e, mais docentes de 40 a 49 anos relataram insatisfação com o ambiente de trabalho. Docentes acima de 40 anos e mulheres tiveram maior incidência de sintomas psicológicos negativos no ERE. Esse trabalho evidencia o desafio que os docentes passaram durante o ERE, especialmente para aqueles maiores de 40 anos e mulheres.
Structural assessment of an ASR-affected reinforced concrete bridge
Authors: Kirchner H , van Rooyen J , van der Spuy P F , van Zijl G P A G
Published: February 2024

ASR (alkali-silica reaction) has long been acknowledged as a key consideration when designing concrete structures in South Africa. This study raises awareness of the influence of ASR on the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete bridge structures. Aggregate type plays a role in how the ASR develops over the structural life cycle. Greywacke aggregate is found to be prominent in ASR-affected structures within the Western Cape region, and in the structure that was investigated. ASR decreases concrete tensile strength, compressive strength, and E-modulus over time. To develop a standardised approach that can be replicated on other bridge structures, a simply supported rectangular reinforced concrete bridge deck slab was analysed. The slab was modelled according to the construction drawings, including the reinforcement detailing, to determine the ultimate shear and moment resistance according to the code (BS 1972) used for the original design, and current Eurocode standards, for both unaffected and ASR-affected concrete. Traffic load was determined from the relevant TMH7 standard, and from weigh-in-motion data collected at a station on the high-traffic-volume route crossing the bridge. Due to compressive strength being the least affected material property by ASR deterioration, the ultimate resistance to original design loads was found to be sufficient.
A climate-impact-related transport infrastructure risk assessment for the City of Cape Town
Authors: Lane-Visser T E , Vanderschuren M J W A
Published: February 2024

Climate-related severe weather events pose a threat to transport infrastructure. Damage to transport infrastructure, in turn, threatens access to socio-economic opportunities (such as employment, healthcare and education). The aim of this paper is to quantify the volume of transport infrastructure at risk of weather-related hazards in the City of Cape Town, and to estimate the direct economic value thereof. Geographical Information Systems are used to overlay areas that are highly exposed to climate-related threats on the city's transport network and infrastructure, enabling the identification and quantification of the volume of infrastructure at risk. Cost estimates for the rehabilitation or reconstruction of this infrastructure obtained from various experts in the South African transport arena are applied to calculate the economic value of the infrastructure at risk. In total, the transport infrastructure at high risk in the case city is valued at R20 billion. Fires and coastal flooding pose the greatest threat. The analysis presented can inform planners and decision-makers on how to improve the resilience and where to reduce the vulnerability of transport infrastructure in the city.
Use of a biocompatible polymer to enhance tailings transportation and reduce water consumption at a coper-cobalt-zinc plant
Authors: Jeong Y. , Kim K.
Published: February 2024

Excess water can lead to instability and even failure in tailings storage facilities (TSFs). Simply reducing the amount of water in TSFs could be the best way to ensure the safety of nearby communities. In this case study we investigated the effects of reducing the water content in tailings slurry at a copper-cobalt-zinc mine in Mexico. An environmentally friendly polymer was used as a drag reduction agent (DRA) to offset the increase in solids percentage. The potential effects of the increased solids concentration on the tailings transportation system were also assessed. A series of 'what if' studies was conducted to assess whether adding the polymer would allow the solids concentration to be increased without changing the pressure loss in the tailings pipeline. The studies entailed conducting pipe loop tests to investigate these changes under various solids/ polymer concentrations and then constructing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation model using the test results. The validated model was used to determine the optimal polymer percentages needed to maintain the same pressure loss under baseline (30% solids) conditions, and to assess the potential risks (clogging, increased erosion rates) to the pipelines. The potential water savings were found to be significant, varying from about 1.852 Mm3/a at 35% solids to 3.915 Mm3/a at 45% solids.
COVID-19 in pregnancy: A cross-sectional study on clinical features, disease severity, and health outcome
Authors: Amin Rozhin , Sohrabi Mohammad-Reza , Zali Ali-Reza , Hannani Khatereh
Published: February 2024

Assessing the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reveals unique challenges for pregnant women, who experience distinct clinical manifestations and health outcomes compared to their non-pregnant counterparts. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features, disease severity, and health outcomes of COVID-19 in pregnant women and compare them to those of non pregnant women. In this population-based study, we included all women diagnosed with COVID-19 across the province of Tehran during the first two years of the epidemic. Descriptive statistics, the chi-squared test, and the logistic regression model were applied. Overall, 79,338 non-pregnant women and 3249 pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 were included. Pregnant women were most commonly in the age group of 25 – 34 years (54%, n = 1758), while the age group of 34–44 had the highest representation among non-pregnant women (56%, n = 44,492). After accounting for age and comorbidities, pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of requiring intensive care (odds ratio [OR] 1.38, confidence interval [CI] 1.223 – 1.564). However, the probability of dying due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection was lower in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women (OR 0.55, CI 0.394–0.793). Cough (41%) and fever (30%) were the most frequent clinical presentations in pregnant women, whereas cough (57%) and muscle ache (38%) were the most common symptoms in non-pregnant women. Furthermore, diarrhea (P < 0.001) and skin lesions (P < 0.001) were reported more frequently by pregnant patients than non-pregnant patients. A significant prevalence of diabetes (P < 0.001), hypertension (P < 0.001), cancers (P < 0.001), and chronic hematological diseases (P < 0.001) was observed in pregnant patients. In conclusion, COVID-19-infected pregnant women exhibit different clinical manifestations and a more severe clinical course but have better health outcomes compared to their non-pregnant counterparts.
Negation and Its Ideological Implications in Inaugural Addresses
Authors: Fadil Wasan N. , Jewad Hamid G.
Published: February 2024

The study of ideology in literary and political texts is the concern of any critical study including critical stylistics. The current paper deals with the ideological positioning of Joe Biden’s and Bill Clinton’s inaugural addresses. The researchers adopt one toolkit called negation with its various categories of Critical Stylistics, as suggested by Jeffries (2010) in order to uncover the ideologies that are hidden in the presidents’ inaugural addresses. To explore the ideology in each category of negation, qualitative and quantitative approaches are adopted. The findings reveal that negating steers the text in an effective way, especially in the syntactic category. What is more, since these are inaugural addresses, most of the ideologies are positive such as unity, democracy, and indiscrimination.
Student Performance in Machine Translation Training: Assessment and Exploration
Authors: Shih Chung-ling
Published: February 2024

The present research aims to conduct a process-oriented analysis to measure whether a group of graduate students enrolled in a translation course made steady progress in their performance of identifying machine translation (MT) errors and post-editing MT drafts of company web texts and news texts. A mixed methods approach consisting of quantitative and qualitative analyses was used. The findings show that there was a steady decline in the average number of MT errors that students could not spot or correctly identify in their three assignments. However, there was no significant improvement in student MTPE performance, with only a slight decrease in errors in the final MTPE assignment, which still remained worse than the first one. Finally, student responses in their reflection essays indicated that their reception of MT and MTPE had shifted from negative denial to positive acceptance. Overall, the findings of the present study reveal the need to extend the period of MTPE training for students. Incorporating MT training into the translation course has proven to be worthwhile for students, as it helps to dispel students’ previous misconception about MT and MTPE.
Delineation of Male Characters: A Meninism Perspective in Kiran Nagarkar’s Jasoda
Authors: D Kaneshka N , R Kannan
Published: February 2024

Gender norms have been examined as a women's issue in the 21st century. While the position of men is always problematic, they appear to be the cause of the protagonist's hardships in fiction. The intersection of patriarchy in fiction demeans mature male characters and asserts that males are the source of oppressive hegemonic masculinity. The modern society must recognise neglected masculine characters in literature. The primary objective of this paper is to highlight the neglected gender in society and literature. Meninism is underrepresented and functions in isolation, even in literature, and this must be acknowledged. The female characters in Jasoda by Kiran Nagarkar are powerful, independent, and supportive, but the male characters are hegemonic and dominant. In novels that focus on women, the male position of privilege is emphasised while the expectations he carries go unacknowledged. Despite increased freedom in society, gender equality is affected by societal misunderstandings about meninism. Gender equality focuses on the oppression of women, while society ignores the suffering of the other gender. This study is an attempt to express the unspoken grief of masculine identity in women-centric literature.
Legal-alegal-ilegal. El secuestro y asesinato de Gloria Lara de Echeverry
Authors: Corzo Laverde Herwin
Published: February 2024

En la década de 1980 la represión legal e ilegal alcanzó uno de sus máximos niveles en la vida política y social de Colombia. En este contexto, Gloria Lara de Echeverry fue secuestrada y asesinada. Estado de excepción, torturas, falsos testimonios, criminalización mediática, todos estos, métodos en tránsito entre la legalidad, la alegalidad y la ilegalidad que convierten a este caso en un punto de concentración de la historia política de Colombia y del funcionamiento del Estado y su derecho. El objetivo de este texto es ofrecer una perspectiva teórica desde la cual entender esta historia, guiada por el método conocido como process tracing, el cual se nutrió del análisis conjunto del archivo judicial y fuentes secundarias históricas y teóricas. Se concluye que la operación conjunta de la legalidad con sus contrarios y contradictores estuvo determinada por la existencia de un contexto sociopolítico liminal, el estado de excepción, la ocurrencia de un caso foco —affaire— y la referencia a una organización de horizonte subversivo.
Performance analysis of serial and shunt microwave switches designed with p-i-n diodes of different semiconductor materials
Authors: Leija Hernández Gabriela , López Bonilla José Luis , Iturri Hinojosa Luis Alejandro
Published: February 2024

A performance analysis of serial and shunt microwave switches based on p-i-n diodes of different semiconductor materials is presented. The materials analyzed are Si, GaAs, SiC, GaN, InP and GaSb. The serial type microwave switch designed with GaSb, GaAs, Si and GaN-ZB p-i-n diodes reach the lowest values of insertion losses compared to other materials. A 0.2dB inser-tion loss difference is perceived between GaSb and SiC6H p-i-n diodes. The optimal results of isolation for frequencies less than 10GHz is obtained with switches designed with SiC and GaN p-i-n diodes. The shunt type switches designed with GaN p-i-n diodes reach the lowest values of insertion losses compared to other materials. Approximately 0.2 dB insertion loss differences between the responses of GaN and Si pin diodes in the frequency of 40 GHz and a difference of 0.4 dB at 60 GHz frequency were identifi ed. GaN p-i-ndiodes are most recommendable for the design of shunt switch devices.
Modeling of genetic regulatory networks in the differentiation of neural crest stem cells to sensory neurons by means of boolean networks
Authors: Aráus Patiño Jorge Marcelo , Groot Restrepo Helena , González Barrios Andrés Fernando
Published: February 2024

In the present study we have generated a GRN comprising the process by which neural crest stem cells develop to two types of sensory neurons (Propioceptors and Nocioceptors). We have also been able to find patterns of regulation (motifs) that act cooperatively to control such process. Surprisingly, these motifs take place in similar stages during the development of erythrocytes from hematopoietic stem cells. Regarding the complexity of the GRN found, we then used Random Boolean Networks (RBN) for this purpose, which showed key components as well as the dynamics of the process through changes in initial conditions. Finally, the motifs were reflected in the model, suggesting insights for further studies.
Immobilization of Jacobsen type catalysts on modified silica
Authors: Cubillos Jairo , Grajales Edwing , Vásquez Santiago , Montes de Correa Consuelo
Published: February 2024

Several immobilized Jacobsen type catalysts were covalently anchored on modified SiO2 using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APTES) as a reactive surface modifier. Characterization of the heterogeneous catalysts, as well as their precursors, by FTIR, DR UV-VIS, TGA and AAS confirms the successful immobilization of chiral Mn(III) salen complexes. These catalysts were examined for the diastereoselective epoxidation of R-(+)-limonene with in situ generated dimethyldioxirane (DMD) as oxidizing agent, yielding 1,2-epoxide as the main product. When compared to homogeneous catalysts, under similar experimental conditions, only a slight selectivity decrease over heterogeneous catalysts was observed. The immobilized catalysts were used three times maintaining the initial selectivity. However, after reusing them more than three times, selectivity to 1,2-epoxide decreased. FTIR results suggest partial degradation of the catalytic species. Despite the immobilization method was chosen to minimize changes in the structure of the homogeneous catalysts the diastereoselectivity (d.e.) of heterogeneous catalysts underwent a remarkable decay.
Low temperature catalytic adsorption of NO over activated carbon honeycomb (ACH) monoliths
Authors: López Diana , Hoyos Jorge A. , Mondragón Fanor
Published: February 2024

An activated carbon honeycomb (ACH) monolith was developed for the adsorption of NO at 30ºC. For ACH monoliths preparation carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and coal tar pitch were used as binder and co-binder, respectively. The effects of the addition of O2 and the presence of copper as catalyst were studied. For the Cu-impregnated activated carbon monolith samples, the presence of O2 favored NO adsorption by increasing the breakthrough time and the adsorption capacity.
Feature extraction of facial action units combining kernel methods and independent component analysis
Authors: Álvarez Damián Alberto , Fetecua Juan Gabriel , Orozco Álvaro Ángel , Castellanos César Germán
Published: February 2024

The work described in this paper presents a methodology for characterizing facial action units (AUs), which represents the subtle change of facial expressions, based on Kernels Methods perform a nonlinear maping of data and looking for directions to the projections of the data in feature space through independent component analysis (ICA). The methodology validation was done on Cohn-Kande database. Image preprocessing was done through histogram equalization, a whitening on data with Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA), for that the mapped in feature space search a lineal structure of the input data, finally we applied ICA for make the projected distribution of data is at least possible Gaussian. The results were 96.64% accurate for average recognition of three combinations of facial AUs of the whole face more neutral faces. Mainly changes that occur between rapid transitions of AUs instantly shown were detected. Additionally the proposed methodology can reduce the size of the feature space because data only in terms of independent components, are presented so as to use only those variables that provided greater information, which reduces the complexity of the classifier.
Parameter optimization in general Scan methods
Authors: Rodríguez Corvea Laureano , Casas Cardoso Gladys , Silveira Díaz Pavel , Díaz Rosell Félix Arley , Grau Abalo Ricardo
Published: February 2024

The present work shows an application of Experimental Design to the methods for disease cluster detection: Classic Scan and Fuzzy Scan. A non parametric experimental design for two factors is used. The fundamental target is to study the influence of the values of the parameters: the length width and the Scan step in order to determine optimum values.
Electronic voting protocol from bilinear pairings
Authors: Gallegos García Gina , Gómez Cárdenas Roberto , Duchén Sánchez Gonzalo
Published: February 2024

Electronic voting has been an active research area since two decades, which involves using information systems and cryptographic schemes in order to reduce costs and human mistakes as well as increase process speed, without discard its security. In the literature there exist some proposals, which are based on the difficult to resolve mathematical problems such as: prime factorization or discrete logarithm, both of them from Public Key Cryptography. In this paper we describe an electronic voting protocol that meets privacy, transparency and robustness by using a scheme from Identity Based Cryptography. The proposed protocol is divided in four main phases: set-up, authentication, voting and counting and involves a distributed responsibility model, with t out of n entities that are required during the counting phase to decrypt the votes. The paper includes a correctness test to show how the protocol works.
Analysis and convergence of weighted dimensionality reduction methods
Authors: Riaño Rojas Juan Carlos , Prieto Ortiz Flavio Augusto , Sánchez Camperos Edgar Nelson , Acosta Medina Carlos Daniel , Castellanos Domínguez Germán Augusto
Published: February 2024

We propose to use a Fisher type discriminant objective function addressed to weighted principal component analysis (WPCA) and weighted regularized discriminant analysis (WRDA) for dimensionality reduction. Additionally, two different proofs for the convergence of the method are obtained. First one analytically, by using the completeness theorem, and second one algebraically, employing spectral decomposition. The objective function depends on two parameters U matrix being the rotation and D diagonal matrix weight of relevant features, respectively. These parameters are computed iteratively, in order to maximize the reduction. Relevant features were obtained by determining the eigenvector associated to the most weighted eigenvalue onthe maximum value in U. Performance evaluation of the reduction methods was carried out on 70 benchmark databases. Results showed that weighted reduction methods presented the best behavior, PCA and PPCA lower than 17% while WPCA and WRDA higher than 45%. Particularly, WRDA method had the best performance in the 75% of the cases compared with the others studied here.
Classification of atmospheric aggressiveness in Colombia using multivariate statistical methods
Authors: Delgado Juan , Castaño Juan Guillermo , Correa Esteban , Restrepo Alex , Echeverría Félix
Published: February 2024

Studies of atmospheric corrosion often require a classification of environments based on their aggressiveness, which involves the processing of a large amount of data related to weather and pollution variables. In this work, a classification of different Colombian environments, under which the main power transmission lines are placed, was made based on weather data and using the cluster analysis method. Based on this classification, 21 representative sites were chosen to perform field measurements of corrosionof steel and galvanized steel, deposition of SO2 and chloride, temperature and time of wetness. With this information, atmospheres were classified again and correlations were established between atmospheric variables, exposure time and corrosion, using regression models and multivariate statistical methods.
Modelo de asignación predictivo de longitudes de ondas en redes WDM teniendo en cuenta dispersión residual y tráficos unicast/multicast con QoS
Authors: Sierra Javier , Donoso Yezid
Published: February 2024

El tráfico de Internet está en constante crecimiento y con él las aplicaciones del tipo unicast/multicast con diferentes requerimientos de Calidad de Servicio (QoS). Esto es motivo para que las Redes de Transporte Ópticas (OTN) deban continuar su evolución hacia redes completamente ópticas (sin conversiones Óptico-Electrónico-Óptico: OEO). S/G Light-tree es una arquitectura de los nodos de las redes all-OTN que permite el optimo enrutamiento y/o manejo de tráficos unicast/multicast empleando el concepto de Traffic Grooming (TG, granularidad de tráfico) en un ambiente óptico. Las técnicas de grooming así como los algoritmos de asignación y enrutamiento propuestos hasta el momento no tienen en cuenta los fenómenos que se pueden prestar en la fibra óptica, los cuales atenúan o alteran las diferentes longitudes de onda en las redes WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing). La dispersión cromática es un fenómeno que deforma los pulsos transmitidos en una fibra óptica y el efecto depende de la longitud de onda empleada en la transmisión. En este artículo, se propone un modelo predictivo de asignación de longitudes de ondas basado en cadenas de Markov que tiene en cuenta la dispersión residual en redes WDM que soportan traffic grooming y tráficos unicast/multicast con requerimientos de QoS. Los resultados de las simulaciones realizadas muestran que el modelo propuesto mejora la probabilidad de bloqueo de tráficos con requerimientos de QoS.
Algoritmo de votación incremental INC-ALVOT para clasificación supervisada
Authors: Escobar-Franco Uriel , Sánchez-Díaz Guillermo
Published: February 2024

En este trabajo, se presenta un algoritmo incremental para clasificación supervisada llamado INC-ALVOT (algoritmo de votación incremental). Este algoritmo permite manejar conjuntos de datos mezclados, los cuales no se almacenan en la memoria principal. Además, el algoritmo permite incorporar nuevos objetos en el conjunto de datos inicial, realizando un número mínimo de operaciones para la clasificación de nuevos objetos con el conjunto de datos expandido. Se presentan los resultados obtenidos al aplicar el algoritmo propuesto en diversos conjuntos de datos reales comparado con el algoritmo clásico de votación ALVOT.