bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motivational Differences between 5K Runners, Marathoners and Ultramarathoners in Poland
Authors: Rozmiarek Mateusz , Malchrowicz-Mośko Ewa , León-Guereño Patxi , Tapia-Serrano Miguel Ángel , Kwiatkowski Grzegorz
Published: June 2021

The aim of the study was to determine the reasons for practicing different running distances (5K run, marathon, and ultramarathon), and to analyze the differences in each type according to gender, age, and marital status. An empirical study was conducted during the 2020 Karkonosze Winter Ultramarathon, 20th PKO Poznan Marathon, and 5K run—Parkrun Poznan and City Trail, over the course of which we interviewed 925 runners. A total of 267 ultramarathoners, 493 marathon runners, and 165 Parkrun and City Trail participants took part in the cross-sectional study, which used the diagnostic survey method. The questionnaire employed the division of motives used by the Motivation of Marathoners Scale (MOMS) by Masters et al., adapted to the Polish language by Dybała. No significant differences were found in any of the disciplines based on gender or marital status, although the results showed that weight concern increased with increasing age range in all the running distances analyzed. In addition, in 5K run and marathon runners, weight concern decreased in the 36 to 50 age range, but subsequently increased in those over 51 years of age. Therefore, it will be important for coaches and other professionals to consider athletes’ age when trying to understand their motives to participate in different disciplines.
Improved Salp Swarm Algorithm with Simulated Annealing for Solving Engineering Optimization Problems
Authors: Duan Qing , Wang Lu , Kang Hongwei , Shen Yong , Sun Xingping , Chen Qingyi
Published: June 2021

Swarm-based algorithm can successfully avoid the local optimal constraints, thus achieving a smooth balance between exploration and exploitation. Salp swarm algorithm (SSA), as a swarm-based algorithm on account of the predation behavior of the salp, can solve complex daily life optimization problems in nature. SSA also has the problems of local stagnation and slow convergence rate. This paper introduces an improved salp swarm algorithm, which improve the SSA by using the chaotic sequence initialization strategy and symmetric adaptive population division. Moreover, a simulated annealing mechanism based on symmetric perturbation is introduced to enhance the local jumping ability of the algorithm. The improved algorithm is referred to SASSA. The CEC standard benchmark functions are used to evaluate the efficiency of the SASSA and the results demonstrate that the SASSA has better global search capability. SASSA is also applied to solve engineering optimization problems. The experimental results demonstrate that the exploratory and exploitative proclivities of the proposed algorithm and its convergence patterns are vividly improved.
Blind Recognition of Forward Error Correction Codes Based on a Depth Distribution Algorithm
Authors: Mei Fan , Chen Hong , Lei Yingke
Published: June 2021

Forward error correction codes (FEC) are one of the vital sections of modern communication systems; therefore, recognition of the coding type is an important issue in non-cooperative communication. At present, the recognition of FEC codes is mainly concentrated in the field of semi-blind identification with known types of codes. However, based on information asymmetry, the receiver cannot know the types of channel coding previously used in non-cooperative systems such as cognitive radio and remote sensing of communication. Therefore, it is important to recognize the error-correcting encoding type with no prior information. Although the traditional algorithm can also recognize the type of codes, it is only applicable to the case without errors, and its practicability is poor. In the paper, we propose a new method to identify the types of FEC codes based on depth distribution in non-cooperative communication. The proposed algorithm can effectively recognize linear block codes, convolutional codes, and Turbo codes under a low error probability level, and has a higher robustness to noise transmission environment. In addition, an improved matrix estimation algorithm based on Gaussian elimination was adopted in this paper, which effectively improves the parameter identification in a noisy environment. Finally, we used a general framework to unify all the reconstruction algorithms to simplify the complexity of the algorithm. The simulation results show that, compared with the traditional algorithm based on matrix rank, the proposed algorithm has a better anti-interference performance. The method proposed is simple and convenient for engineering and practical applications.
New Results for Oscillation of Solutions of Odd-Order Neutral Differential Equations
Authors: Cesarano Clemente , Moaaz Osama , Qaraad Belgees , Alshehri Nawal A. , Elagan Sayed K. , Zakarya Mohammed
Published: June 2021

Differential equations with delay arguments are one of the branches of functional differential equations which take into account the system’s past, allowing for more accurate and efficient future prediction. The symmetry of the equations in terms of positive and negative solutions plays a fundamental and important role in the study of oscillation. In this paper, we study the oscillatory behavior of a class of odd-order neutral delay differential equations. We establish new sufficient conditions for all solutions of such equations to be oscillatory. The obtained results improve, simplify and complement many existing results.
Common Best Proximity Point Results for T-GKT Cyclic ϕ-Contraction Mappings in Partial Metric Spaces with Some Applications
Authors: Goswami Nilakshi , Roy Raju , Mishra Vishnu Narayan , Sánchez Ruiz Luis Manuel
Published: June 2021

The aim of this paper is to derive some common best proximity point results in partial metric spaces defining a new class of symmetric mappings, which is a generalization of cyclic ϕ-contraction mappings. With the help of these symmetric mappings, the characterization of completeness of metric spaces given by Cobzas (2016) is extended here for partial metric spaces. The existence of a solution to the Fredholm integral equation is also obtained here via a fixed-point formulation for such mappings.
General Summation Formulas Contiguous to the q-Kummer Summation Theorems and Their Applications
Authors: Vyas Yashoverdhan , Srivastava Hari M. , Pathak Shivani , Fatawat Kalpana
Published: June 2021

This paper provides three classes of q-summation formulas in the form of general contiguous extensions of the first q-Kummer summation theorem. Their derivations are presented by using three methods, which are along the lines of the three types of well-known proofs of the q-Kummer summation theorem with a key role of the q-binomial theorem. In addition to the q-binomial theorem, the first proof makes use of Thomae’s q-integral representation and the second proof needs Heine’s transformation. Whereas the third proof utilizes only the q-binomial theorem. Subsequently, the applications of these summation formulas in obtaining the general contiguous extensions of the second and the third q-Kummer summation theorems are also presented. Furthermore, the investigated results are specialized to give many of the known as well as presumably new q-summation theorems, which are contiguous to the three q-Kummer summation theorems. This work is motivated by the observation that the basic (or q-) series and basic (or q-) polynomials, especially the basic (or q-) gamma and q-hypergeometric functions and basic (or q-) hypergeometric polynomials, are applicable particularly in several diverse areas including Number Theory, Theory of Partitions and Combinatorial Analysis as well as in the study of Combinatorial Generating Functions. Just as it is known in the theory of the Gauss, Kummer (or confluent), Clausen and the generalized hypergeometric functions, the parameters in the corresponding basic or quantum (or q-) hypergeometric functions are symmetric in the sense that they remain invariant when the order of the p numerator parameters or when the order of the q denominator parameters is arbitrarily changed. A case has therefore been made for the symmetry possessed not only by hypergeometric functions and basic or quantum (or q-) hypergeometric functions, which are studied in this paper, but also by the symmetric quantum calculus itself.
Molecular Mechanisms during Hepatitis B Infection and the Effects of the Virus Variability
Authors: Campos-Valdez Marina , Monroy-Ramírez Hugo C. , Armendáriz-Borunda Juan , Sánchez-Orozco Laura V.
Published: June 2021

The immunopathogenesis and molecular mechanisms involved during a hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection have made the approaches for research complex, especially concerning the patients’ responses in the course of the early acute stage. The study of molecular bases involved in the viral clearance or persistence of the infection is complicated due to the difficulty to detect patients at the most adequate points of the disease, especially in the time lapse between the onset of the infection and the viral emergence. Despite this, there is valuable data obtained from animal and in vitro models, which have helped to clarify some aspects of the early immune response against HBV infection. The diversity of the HBV (genotypes and variants) has been proven to be associated not only with the development and outcome of the disease but also with the response to treatments. That is why factors involved in the virus evolution need to be considered while studying hepatitis B infection. This review brings together some of the published data to try to explain the immunological and molecular mechanisms involved in the different stages of the infection, clinical outcomes, viral persistence, and the impact of the variants of HBV in these processes.
Modular Lentiviral Vectors for Highly Efficient Transgene Expression in Resting Immune Cells
Authors: Fichter Christina , Aggarwal Anupriya , Wong Andrew Kam Ho , McAllery Samantha , Mathivanan Vennila , Hao Bailey , MacRae Hugh , Churchill Melissa J. , Gorry Paul R. , Roche Michael , Gray Lachlan R. , Turville Stuart
Published: June 2021

Gene/cell therapies are promising strategies for the many presently incurable diseases. A key step in this process is the efficient delivery of genes and gene-editing enzymes to many cell types that may be resistant to lentiviral vector transduction. Herein we describe tuning of a lentiviral gene therapy platform to focus on genetic modifications of resting CD4+ T cells. The motivation for this was to find solutions for HIV gene therapy efforts. Through selection of the optimal viral envelope and further modification to its expression, lentiviral fusogenic delivery into resting CD4+ T cells exceeded 80%, yet Sterile Alpha Motif and HD domain 1 (SAMHD1) dependent and independent intracellular restriction factors within resting T cells then dominate delivery and integration of lentiviral cargo. Overcoming SAMHD1-imposed restrictions, only observed up to 6-fold increase in transduction, with maximal gene delivery and expression of 35%. To test if the biologically limiting steps of lentiviral delivery are reverse transcription and integration, we re-engineered lentiviral vectors to simply express biologically active mRNA to direct transgene expression in the cytoplasm. In this setting, we observed gene expression in up to 65% of resting CD4+ T cells using unconcentrated MS2 lentivirus-like particles (MS2-LVLPs). Taken together, our findings support a gene therapy platform that could be readily used in resting T cell gene editing.
The Role of Phylogenetics in Discerning HIV-1 Mixing among Vulnerable Populations and Geographic Regions in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nduva George M. , Nazziwa Jamirah , Hassan Amin S. , Sanders Eduard J. , Esbjörnsson Joakim
Published: June 2021

To reduce global HIV-1 incidence, there is a need to understand and disentangle HIV-1 transmission dynamics and to determine the geographic areas and populations that act as hubs or drivers of HIV-1 spread. In Sub-Saharan Africa (sSA), the region with the highest HIV-1 burden, information about such transmission dynamics is sparse. Phylogenetic inference is a powerful method for the study of HIV-1 transmission networks and source attribution. In this review, we assessed available phylogenetic data on mixing between HIV-1 hotspots (geographic areas and populations with high HIV-1 incidence and prevalence) and areas or populations with lower HIV-1 burden in sSA. We searched PubMed and identified and reviewed 64 studies on HIV-1 transmission dynamics within and between risk groups and geographic locations in sSA (published 1995–2021). We describe HIV-1 transmission from both a geographic and a risk group perspective in sSA. Finally, we discuss the challenges facing phylogenetic inference in mixed epidemics in sSA and offer our perspectives and potential solutions to the identified challenges.
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Alters the Expression of Male Mouse Scent Proteins
Authors: Oldstone Michael B. A. , Ware Brian C. , Davidson Amanda , Prescott Mark C. , Beynon Robert J. , Hurst Jane L.
Published: June 2021

Mature male mice produce a particularly high concentration of major urinary proteins (MUPs) in their scent marks that provide identity and status information to conspecifics. Darcin (MUP20) is inherently attractive to females and, by inducing rapid associative learning, leads to specific attraction to the individual male’s odour and location. Other polymorphic central MUPs, produced at much higher abundance, bind volatile ligands that are slowly released from a male’s scent marks, forming the male’s individual odour that females learn. Here, we show that infection of C57BL/6 males with LCMV WE variants (v2.2 or v54) alters MUP expression according to a male’s infection status and ability to clear the virus. MUP output is substantially reduced during acute adult infection with LCMV WE v2.2 and when males are persistently infected with LCMV WE v2.2 or v54. Infection differentially alters expression of darcin and, particularly, suppresses expression of a male’s central MUP signature. However, following clearance of acute v2.2 infection through a robust virus-specific CD8 cytotoxic T cell response that leads to immunity to the virus, males regain their normal mature male MUP pattern and exhibit enhanced MUP output by 30 days post-infection relative to uninfected controls. We discuss the likely impact of these changes in male MUP signals on female attraction and mate selection. As LCMV infection during pregnancy can substantially reduce embryo survival and lead to lifelong infection in surviving offspring, we speculate that females use LCMV-induced changes in MUP expression both to avoid direct infection from a male and to select mates able to develop immunity to local variants that will be inherited by their offspring.
Editorial—Modelling of Floods in Urban Areas
Authors: Leandro Jorge , Shucksmith James
Published: June 2021

Understanding the risk of flooding in urban areas is a societal priority [...]
The Decision of an Eco-Friendly Reservoir Operation Scheme Based on a Variable Set
Authors: Chen Hai-Tao , Li A-Long , Wang Wen-Chuan , Zhao Zhao
Published: June 2021

The river ecosystem has the characteristics of the coexistence of clarity and ambiguity. The starting point of eco-friendly reservoir operation is to fully consider the ecological water requirements of the lower reaches of the reservoir, so it also has the characteristics of clarity and vagueness. The fuzzy theory is an excellent tool to realize the quantification of fuzzy concepts. In this paper, the variable set theory (VS) is introduced into the decision-making field of eco-friendly reservoir scheduling scheme optimization. Taking Ertan Hydropower Station as an example, the scheduling scheme optimization is carried out. To verify the effectiveness of the evaluation method, this paper compares and analyzes the evaluation results of the fuzzy set evaluation method and the composite fuzzy matter-element method. The results show that the variable fuzzy set method has the advantages of rigorous theory, a concise model, and simple calculation, and the decision result is reasonable and reliable. This research can provide new ideas for the decision-making research of engineering.
Note on the Application of Transient Wave Packets for Wave–Ice Interaction Experiments
Authors: Klein Marco , Hartmann Moritz , von Bock und Polach Franz
Published: June 2021

This paper presents the transient wave packet (TWP) technique as an efficient method for wave–ice interaction experiments. TWPs are deterministic wave groups, where both the amplitude spectrum and the associated phases are tailor-made and manipulated, being well established for efficient wave–structure interaction experiments. One major benefit of TWPs is the possibility to determine the response amplitude operator (RAO) of a structure in a single test run compared to the classical approach by investigating regular waves of different wave lengths. Thus, applying TWPs for wave–ice interaction offers the determination of the RAO of the ice at specific locations. In this context, the determination of RAO means that the ice characteristics in terms of wave damping over a wide frequency range are obtained. Besides this, the wave dispersion of the underlying wave components of the TWP can be additionally investigated between the specific locations with the same single test run. For the purpose of this study, experiments in an ice tank, capable of generating tailored waves, were performed with a solid ice sheet. Besides the generation of one TWP, regular waves of different wave lengths were generated as a reference to validate the TWP results for specific wave periods. It is shown that the TWP technique is not only applicable for wave–ice interaction investigations, but is also an efficient alternative to investigations with regular waves.
Improved Streamflow Calibration of a Land Surface Model by the Choice of Objective Functions—A Case Study of the Nakdong River Watershed in the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Lee Jong Seok , Choi Hyun Il
Published: June 2021

Long-term streamflow simulations of the Land Surface Models (LSMs) are necessary for the comprehensive evaluation of hydrological responses to climate change. The high complexity and uncertainty in the LSM modelling require the model calibration to improve the simulation performance and stability. Objective functions are commonly used in the calibration process, and the choice of objective functions plays a crucial role in model performance identification. The Kling and Gupta Efficiency (KGE) has been widely used in the hydrological model calibration by the measure of the three components (variability, bias, and correlation) decomposed from the Nash and Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). However, there is a clear tendency of systematic errors in the peak flow and/or water balance of streamflow time series optimized by the KGE calibration when the correlation between simulations and observations is relatively low. For a more balanced optimal solution of the KGE, this study has proposed the adjusted KGE (aKGE) by substituting the normalized correlation score in the KGE. The proposed aKGE was assessed by long-term daily streamflow simulation results from the Common Land Model (CoLM) for the calibration (2000–2009) and validation (2010–2019) periods in the Nakdong River Watershed, Korea. The case study demonstrated that the aKGE calibration can improve the simulation performance of high flow and annual average flow with a slightly inferior correlation of flows compared with the KGE and NSE criteria.
My work in the oncology center yesterday and today
Authors: Fehretdinova Zemfira
Published: June 2021

After graduating from the Samara State University, the graduates of the Faculty of the Higher Nursing Education found employment in various fields. I work as a medical statistician at the SHI Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary in Ulyanovsk. Since the introduction of information technologies, the work of the statistician and of the departments of the institution has changed, which increased the efficiency and the speed of performance. To date, cancer care remains pertinent for the population of the Ulyanovsk region, so the article touches on the structure and features of prevention, examination, and treatment of patients with oncology diseases in the Ulyanovsk region.
Satisfaction with relationships in the team as a criterion for assessing the psychological climate of the team of Samara Diagnostic Center
Authors: Romanova Evgenia
Published: June 2021

Satisfaction with the relationships in the team and, as a result, the created favorable socio-psychological climate makes it possible to effectively manage human resources and improve the results of the organization as a whole.
Mercado de trabalho no Brasil
Authors: Costa Carvalho Mariana
Published: June 2021

Este artigo discute os elementos principais da formação social e econômica brasileira reproduzidos no mercado de trabalho, com ênfase no fim do regime escravista e constituição da força de trabalho livre. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa de base documental, reunindo triangulação de dados primários e secundários, abarcando revisão bibliográfica e apreciação de elementos histórico-concretos do mercado de trabalho, tendo como fonte órgãos oficiais de produção de indicadores sócio-econômicos. Na fase atual, de financeirização e crise de realização do valor, as principais marcas do trabalho envolvem maior expressão de informalidade, precarização e flexibilização das relações. Somam-se os elementos estruturantes da formação social e econômica brasileira que aprofundam a superexploração do trabalho e recaem, mais fortemente, na população negra.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF THE ORGANIZATION
Authors: Даутхаджиева М.Х. , Дакаева З.С.
Published: June 2021

Данная статья посвящена исследованию подходов к управлению социальными процессами в организации. Авторы рассматривают структуру системы управления социальными процессами, приводят характеристику ее основных компонентов. Они подчеркивают, что решению социальных проблем трудового коллектива организации способствует социальное планирование. В связи с этим к организации социального планирования предъявляются особые требования. По их мнению, важное значение в системе управления социальными процессами имеет структура управления, вид и тип которой во многом зависят от особенностей объекта управления. Авторы считают, что управление социальными процессами в организации должно строиться с учетом основных законов и принципов управления. При этом реализация законов и принципов социального управления осуществляется за счет применения различных методов управления. Эффективность управления социальными процессами в организации будет зависеть от наличия оптимальной системы управления и грамотного использования ее компонентов.
ARCHEOLOGICAL MONUMENTS OF THE SHATOY DISTRICT OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC (MATERIALS FOR THE ARCHEOLOGICAL MAP)
Authors: Ахмаров А.У. , Исаев С.Х.
Published: June 2021

В статье, продолжающей серию публикаций в рамках многолетнего проекта Центра археологических исследований АН ЧР по составлению карты археологических памятников Чечни, собраны и приведены в хронологическом порядке краткие сведения об истории открытия и научного изучения археологических памятников и случайных находок на территории Шатойского района Чеченской Республики. Также составлен полный перечень всех известных на сегодняшний день памятников археологии, а также случайных находок на территории исследуемого района. По каждому памятнику в отдельности дана краткая историческая справка (географические координаты, тип и хронологические рамки памятника, кем и когда был открыт и исследован). Все известные на сегодняшний день памятники археологии данного района нанесены на схематическую карту.

The article, which continues the series of publications, in the framework of the multi-year project of the Center for Archaeological Research of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic on mapping the archaeological sites of Chechnya, summarizes and presents in chronological order the history of the discovery and scientific study of archaeological monuments and random finds in the Shatoy District of the Chechen Republic faces. Also, a complete list of all known today archeological monuments, as well as random finds on the territory of the study area, is compiled. A brief historical background is given for each monument separately (geographical coordinates, type and chronological framework of the monument, by whom and when it was discovered and investigated). All currently known monuments of archeology in the area are plotted on a schematic map.
EVALUATION OF THE SOCIAL SPHERE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN
Authors: Прокофьева А.И.
Published: June 2021

В условиях экономического кризиса и ухудшения макроэкономической ситуации возникают проблемы текущего финансирования социальной сферы и снижения уровня обеспеченности объектами общественной инфраструктуры. Приоритет отдается вводу в эксплуатацию дошкольных образовательных учреждений, в то время как вводу физкультурно-оздоровительных комплексов в РБ практически не уделяется внимание. Потребность в строительстве и вводе в эксплуатацию объектов социальной сферы растет, в то время как выделение финансовых средств на данные цели сокращается, что представляет собой большую проблему и требует привлечения дополнительных источников финансирования. Также ряд проблем имеется в сфере здравоохранения и в отношении развития инфраструктуры сельских территорий. Автор приходит к выводу, что институт ГЧП в Республике Башкортостан находится на стадии развития. Государство пока ориентируется на крупные проекты, а менее капиталоемким проектам не уделяется должного внимания. Подобная безынициативность говорит о необходимости притока высококвалифицированных кадров, понимания сущности и значимости партнерства.

In the conditions of economic crisis and deterioration of macroeconomic situation, there are problems of current financing of social sphere and decrease in level of provision with objects of public infrastructure. Priority is given to the commissioning of pre-school educational institutions, while the commissioning of sports and recreation complexes in the Republic of Belarus is almost not paid attention. The need for construction and commissioning of social facilities is growing, while the allocation of funds for these purposes is reduced, which is a big problem and requires additional sources of funding. Also, there are a number of problems in the health sector and in relation to the development of infrastructure in rural areas. The author comes to the conclusion that the PPP Institute in the Republic of Bashkortostan is at the stage of development. The state is still focused on large projects, and less capital-intensive projects are not given due attention. Such lack of initiative indicates the need for an influx of highly qualified personnel, understanding the nature and importance of partnership.
FORMATION OF THE ORGANIZATION HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND LIMITATIONS
Authors: Цуцулаева Б.Р.
Published: June 2021

Для обеспечения устойчивого развития хозяйствующих субъектов адекватная система управления персоналом, нацеленная на достижение стратегических целей организации, имеет критически важное значение. При этом следует учитывать значительное количество факторов внутренней и внешней среды, которые непосредственно влияют на параметры системы управления персоналом. В статье выделены ключевые факторы, условия и ограничения, которые на наш взгляд, следует учитывать при построении системы управления персоналом производственных организаций.

To ensure the sustainable development of business entities, an adequate personnel management system aimed at achieving the organizations strategic goals is of critical importance. In this case, a significant number of factors of the internal and external environment that directly affect the parameters of the personnel management system should be taken into account. The article highlights the key factors, conditions and limitations, which, in our opinion, should be taken into account when building the personnel management system of production organizations.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭЛЕКТРОМАГНИТНОГО ПЕРЕМЕШИВАНИЯ НА ТЕПЛООБМЕННЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ В КРИСТАЛЛИЗАТОРЕ МНЛЗ
Authors: Эльдарханов А.С. , Нурадинов А.С. , Уздиева Н.С. , Ахтаев С.С.-С.
Published: June 2021

Исследовано влияние электромагнитного перемешивания жидкого металла в кристаллизаторе МНЛЗ на процессы тепло-и массобмена в нем. Показано, что при увеличении интенсивности электромагнитного перемешивания затвердевающего металла увеличивается отвод тепла от затвердевающего металла и уменьшается время его полного затвердевания,что позволяет увеличить скорость разливки.
Efektivitas Temperatur dan Waktu Pemasakan terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan pada Sirup Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) menggunakan Vacuum Evaporator
Authors: Syakdani Adi , Purnamasari Indah , Larassakti Dwi Okta
Published: June 2021

Umumnya, sirup dibuat dari buah-buahan yang mengandung gula. Namun, sirup juga bisa dibuat dari daun, salah satunya adalah daun binahong. Daun binahong mengandung senyawa fenol tinggi, asam askorbat dan antioksidan sebagai penangkal radikal bebas. Dalam membuat sirup, suhu dan waktu memasak adalah salah satu faktor penting dalam mendapatkan sirup berkualitas SNI. Proses pemasakan dan pemekatan sirup daun binahong menggunakan evaporator vakum dengan variasi suhu (45, 50 dan 55oC) dan waktu (30, 60, 90 dan 120 menit). Dalam penelitian ini, aktivitas antioksidan sirup daun binahong diuji dengan metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikilhidrazil), uji viskositas dan uji organoleptik. Hasil terbaik dari analisis antioksidan dan organoleptik yang telah dilakukan adalah perlakuan suhu 50oC dengan waktu memasak 60 menit, dengan aktivitas antioksidan tinggi 60,3950% dan lebih stabil selama penyimpanan. Selain itu, berdasarkan hasil analisis organoleptik, perlakuan rasa terbaik pada suhu itu adalah 3,28 (suka), warna 2,63 (dianggap suka) dan bau 1,78 (tidak suka).
Faktor Determinan yang Mempengaruhi Gizi Kurang Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pasar Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2021
Authors: Ana Sapitri  , Maria Septiana
Published: June 2021

Status gizi kurang dan gizi buruk memberi konstribusi terhadap angka kematian balita, dimana angka kematian balita (AKABA) di Kota Prabumulih Tahun 2019 berjumlah 6 yang tersebar di beberapa puskesmas dari angka tersebut didapatkan AKB kota prbumulih tahun 2019 adalah 4,4 per 1000 kelahiran hidup. Berdasarkan laporan seksi Kesehatan dinkes Prabumulih tahun 2019 terdapat 142 balita cengan gizi kurang atau sebesar 0,8% dan Puskesmas yang paling tinggi angka gizi kurangnya yaitu Puskesmas Pasar sebesar 91 balita. Gizi menjadi bagian yang sangat penting dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, Apabila seorang anak terkena difisiensi gizi maka kemungkinan besar anak akan mudah terkena infeksi Oleh karena itu diperlukan suatu identifikasi melalui penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pendidikan, pemberian makan, dan pendapatan mempengaruhi terjadinya gizi kurang pada balita agar kita dapat keluar dari masalah gizi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey analitik cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan Purposive Sampling yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian sebanyak 90 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendidikan rendah berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya gizi kurang dimana nilai X2 hitung > X2 tabel (4,406 > 3,841), Pemberian makan Ibu yang kurang berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya gizi kurang pada balita hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil uji statistik nilai X2 hitung > X2 tabel (21,607 > 3,841), Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil penelitian Pendapatan keluarga tidak berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya gizi kurang pada balita hal ini terlihat dari hasil uji statistik nilai X2 hitung < X2 tabel (1,667 < 3,841).
Full-phase Voltage Restorer in a Four-wire Circuit of 0.4/0.23 kV when one of the 6 (10) kV Supply Phases of the Transformer Breaks
Authors: Орлов П.С. , Круду О.Н.
Published: June 2021

Рассмотрены проблемы повышения надёжности электроснабжения потребителей и снижение электротравматизма в электроустановках. При обрыве одной из питающих фаз силового трансформатора напряжением 6(10) кВ созданное авторами устройство восстановления полнофазного напряжения в четырёхпроводной сети 0,4/0,23 кВ позволяет восстановить питающее напряжение. Это достигается использованием уникальных свойств аналоговых устройств – трёхфазных электрических сетей и трёхфазных силовых трансформаторов с первичной и вторичной обмотками, включёнными по схеме «звезда с нулём - звезда с нулём», запитанных от четырёхпроводной сети. При утрате питания от любого одного из четырёх питающих проводов за счёт неразрывности магнитных потоков и обратимости электрических машин автоматически (после физического отключения утраченной фазы) устройства восстанавливают полнофазное напряжение в первичной и во вторичной обмотках трансформатора.

The problems of increasing reliability of power supply to consumers and reducing electrical injuries in electrical installations are considered. When one of the supply phases of a 6 (10) kV power transformer breaks, the full-phase voltage restorer in a 0.4/0.23 kV four-wire network created by the authors allows restoring the supply voltage. This is achieved by using the unique properties of analog devices – three-phase electric networks and three-phase power transformers with primary and secondary windings, connected according to the scheme "star with zero – star with zero" powered from a four-wire network. When power is lost from any one of the four supply wires due to the continuity of magnetic flows and the reversibility of electrical machines, the devices automatically (after physically disconnecting the lost phase) restore full-phase voltage in the primary and secondary windings of the transformer.
KAJIAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN HUKUMAN MATI WARGA NEGARA INDONESIA DI NEGARA ASING (Kasus Eksekusi Mati Tuti Tursilawati Tenaga Kerja Indonesia di Arab Saudi)
Authors: Makatita Juviella Natali Christi
Published: June 2021

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana Implementasi Hukum Internasional terhadap pelaksanaan hukuman mati dan bagaimana Tanggung jawab Negara Indonesia terhadap pelaksanaan hukuman mati Tuti Tursilawati di Arab Saudi dikaitkan dengan Hukum Internasional di mana dengan metode penelitian hukum normatif disimpulkan bahwa: 1. Dalam perjuangan melindungi hak-hak asasi manusia, hukum internasional sudah mengupayakan penghapusan hukuman mati yang masih saja diterapkan di berbagai Negara. Upaya perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia ini dapat dilihat dari usaha-usaha penghapusan hukuman mati oleh hukum internasional yang dituangkan dalam berbagai instrumen hukum internasional dan dalam statute-statutta Mahkamah Internasional. Walaupun instrumen-instrumen hukum ini tidak secara eksplisit melarang hukuman mati, tetapi bersamaan dengan beberapa additional protocols yang secara tegas melarang hukuman mati, hukum hak asasi manusia internasional telah menunjukkan konsistensi dalam tujuan implisit yaitu mewujudkan penghapusan total di kemudian hari. 2. Pelaksanaan hukuman mati terhadap Tuti Tursilawati merupakan tanggung jawab Negara Indonesia. Pemerintah Indonesia sudah berusaha untuk melakukan perlindungan bagi warga negaranya. Hal ini merupakan kewajiban yang harus dipenuhi oleh Negara Indonesia, berlaku di mana pun warga negaranya berada. Pemerintah Indonesia juga sudah melayangkan protes kepada pemerintah Arab Saudi karena telah mengeksekusi Tuti Tursilawati tanpa pemberitahuan. Hal ini menggerakkan pemerintah Indonesia yang dengan segera meminta Arab Saudi untuk menandatangani perjanjian Mandatory Consular Notification.Kata kunci: hukuman mati; hukum internasional;
PENERAPAN PIDANA MATI TERHADAP PENGEDAR NARKOTIKA DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Sembel Novelinda S. G.
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif yuridis, dengan sumber dan jenis data menggunakan data sekunder yaitu buku-buku, peraturan-peraturan, jurnal-jurnal hukum, dokumen-dokumen publikasi, kamus, artikel dsb. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan, serta pengolahan data menggunakan metode editing, sistematisasi dan Interpretasi, kemudian analisis data menggunakan data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada dasarnya hukum internasional tidak menghendaki hukuman mati, tetapi instrument tidak secara tegas melarang praktik hukuman mati. Mereka berusaha membatasi penjatuhan hukuman mati hanya pada kejahatan luar biasa sesuai. Di Indonesia, proses penerapan dan penegakan pidana mati terhadap pengedar Narkotika sesuai dengan keputusan MK yang mengatakan penjatuhan pidana mati harus atas dasar putusan pengadilan, maka dalam prosedur pemidanaan melalui tata cara pelaksanaan dalam praktek di Indonesia, eksekusi mati tidaklah pasti walaupun putusan pidana mati telah mendapatkan keputusan hakim yang bersifat tetap, dan pelaksanaan pidana mati masih harus menunggu upaya hukum luar biasa (grasi) yang sangat lama tetapi wajib ditempuh oleh terpidana. Di sisi lain, jika dilihat dari bertambahnya jumlah tindak pidana Narkotika di Indonesia, proses penegakan dengan pidana mati ini sama sekali tidak memberi efek jera atau sekedar dapat menakut-nakuti pelaku pengedar lainnya. Begitupun jika mengacu pada kajian prinsip dan asas konstitusional bahwa harusnya aturan yang lebih rendah dalam hal ini ialah Undang-Undang Narkotika, harus berpegangan pada aturan yang lebih tinggi dalam hal ini Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 yang merupakan dasar rujukan hukum yang berisi instruksi-instruksi untuk menyelenggarakan kehidupan negara dan kesejahteraan sosial.Kata Kunci: Pidana Mati, Narkotika, Hak Asasi Manusia
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP KAWASAN TANPA ROKOK DI KOTA MANADO
Authors: John Dion Samuel
Published: June 2021

Pernyataan bahwa rokok berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan juga sudah jelas disebutkan pada Konsideran huruf a dan b Peraturan Bersama Menteri Kesehatan dan Menteri Dalam Negeri No. 188 Tahun 2011/MENKES/PB/I/No. 7 Tahun 2011 yang menyatakan bahwa asap rokok terbukti dapat membahayakan kesehatan individu, masyarakat dan lingkungan sehingga perlu dilakukan tindakan perlindungan terhadap paparan asap rokok. Bahwa dalam rangka melindungi individu, masyarakat dan lingkungan terhadap paparan asap rokok, pemerintah daerah perlu menetapkan kawasan tanpa rokok. Di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, khususnya di Kota Manado, pemerintah daerah telah menerapkan kebijakan hukum tentang kawasan tanpa rokok melalui Peraturan Daerah Kota Manado No. 5 Tahun 2017 tentang Kawasan Tanpa Rokok dan Peraturan Gubernur Sulut No. 31 Tahun 2017 tentang Kawasan Tanpa Asap Rokok. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaturan hukum terhadap kawasan tanpa rokok menurut peraturan perundang – undangan serta bagaimana penerapan kebijakan hukum tentang kawasan tanpa rokok di Kota Manado. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, yaitu dengan melakukan pendekatan kepada peraturan perundang – undangan dan konsep – konsep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan. Pengaturan terhadap kawasan tanpa rokok dapat didapati pada Pasal 115 Undang – Undang No. 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, Peraturan Bersama Menteri Kesehatan dan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 188/MENKES/PB/I/2011 Nomor 7 Tahun 2011 tentang Pedoman Pelaksanaan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok, serta Peraturan Pemerintah No. 109 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengamanan Bahan Yang Mengandung Zat Adktif Berupa Produk Tembakau Bagi Kesehatan. Penerapan kebijakan hukum tentang kawasan tanpa rokok di Kota Manado didapati adanya kekosongan hukum, dalam hal ini tidak adanya Peraturan Walikota mengenai pembentukan Satuan Tugas Penegak Kawasan Tanpa Rokok guna menerapkan peraturan daerah tersebut.Kata kunci : rokok; kawasan tanpa rokok; Kota Manado;
As linhas poéticas da educação e da pesquisa em Jorgge Menna Barreto e Ricardo Basbaum
Authors: De Godói Souza Vagner
Published: June 2021

Ricardo Basbaum e Jorgge Menna Barreto são artistas, pesquisadores e professores universitários, têm um corpo teórico consistente de textos, incluindo dissertação e tese, se engajam em publicações, oficinas e palestras. Eles ilustram a conexão entre a universidade e os mais variados circuitos da arte através da educação e da pesquisa, até o momento em que essas questões não são apenas condições institucionais, mas são, antes, qualidades constitutivas de seus projetos poéticos. Assim, o propósito deste estudo, a partir de uma perspectiva historiográfica da arte, é delimitar a importância para a arte contemporânea das linhas poéticas tanto da educação quanto da pesquisa, ambas parte de um fenômeno maior de interesse da arte sobre o conhecimento.
appXchain: Application-Level Interoperability for Blockchain Networks
Authors: Madine Mohammad , Salah Khaled , Jayaraman Raja , Al-Hammadi Yousof , Arshad Junaid , Yaqoob Ibrar
Published: June 2021

Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize industries by offering decentralized, transparent, data provenance, auditable, reliable, and trustworthy features. However, cross-chain interoperability is one of the crucial challenges preventing widespread adoption of blockchain applications. Cross-chain interoperability represents the ability for one blockchain network to interact and share data with another blockchain network. Contemporary cross-chain interoperability solutions are centralized and require re-engineering of the core blockchain stack to enable inter-communication and data sharing among heterogeneous blockchain networks. In this paper, we propose an application-based cross-chain interoperability solution named appXchain which allows blockchain networks of any architecture type and industrial focus to inter-communicate, share data, and make requests. Our solution utilizes the decentralized applications as a distributed translation layer that is capable of communicating and understanding multiple blockchain networks, thereby delegating requests and parameters among them. The architecture uses incentivized verifier nodes that maintain the integrity of shared data facilitating them to be readable by the entities of their network. We define and describe the roles and requirements of major entities of inter-operating blockchain networks in the context of healthcare. We present a detailed explanation of the sequence of interactions needed to share an Electronic Medical Record (EMR) document from one blockchain network to another along with the required algorithms. We implement the appXchain solution with Ethereum-based smart contracts for two hospitals and also present its cost and security analysis. We have made our smart contracts code and testing scripts publicly available.
Demand Shifting as a Profitable Strategy for Solar Plant Operators
Authors: Leilaeioun Ashling
Published: June 2021

As solar electricity generation increases, the daytime net
load (total load less solar generation) decreases, reducing prices in the
middle of the day. These low prices reduce motivation to invest in more solar
electricity. In this study, the correlation between net load and price is
quantified on a seasonal average basis, and used to predict resulting hourly
price changes if demand can be shifted from evening peak hours to mid-day when
solar generation is greatest. The results suggest such a strategy will be of
economic benefit to solar generators by increasing the price at mid-day for all
electricity delivered, while reducing the price and thus total expenditures for
energy during evening peak hours, with a net overall savings for energy consumers.
These financial benefits motivate solar plant owners and developers to promote load-shifting,
both to increase the revenue from current solar plants and to create demand for
more solar plants.
Законодавче забезпечення системи територіального планування в україні
Authors: Вишневський Д.С.
Published: June 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням розвитку містобудівних систем. Територіальне планування є основою розвитку містобудівних систем, адже визначає перспективи соціально-економічного, культурно-побутового, екологічного та інших процесів життєдіяльності населення територій.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Dan Motivasi Berprestasi Terhadap Kinerja Guru Sekolah Dasar Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Ali Ardi Hendri
Published: June 2021

This study aims to look at the effect of competence and achievement motivation on the performance of primary school teachers with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. The sample in this study amounted to 143 elementary school teachers, samples were taken using stratified random sampling. The researcher used path analysis as data analysis technique. This study found that (1) Teachers’ competence  and achievement motivation influence simultaneously and partially on job satisfaction (2) Teacher’ competence, achievement motivation and job satisfaction simultaneously affect teachers’ performance, but the competence do not directly and significantly affect the performance of primary school teachers. But the competence affects teachers' performance indirectly through job satisfaction.
An arachnoid cyst you don’t see every day
Authors:   Neurology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania, Lupescu Ioan-Cristian , Lupescu Ioana-Gabriela ,   Radiology and Imaging Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Cerban Razvan ,   “Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Gheorghe Liliana ,   “Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,   Gastroenterology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania, Anghel Daniela ,   Neurology Department, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: June 2021

A 53 years-old male, diagnosed with ulcerative colitis and liver cirrhosis due to HCV infection, was hospitalized at the Gastroenterology Department for paraclinical workup, prior to inclusion on the liver transplantation waiting list. The patient was known with a gigantic arachnoid cyst and presented a transient ischemic attack one year prior, for which treatment with aspirin was initiated. Consequently, we performed a brain MRI examination, which disclosed a left-sided gigantic arachnoid cyst with mass effect, midline shift of 9 mm and subfalcine herniation. No focal neurologic deficits or signs of increased intracranial pressure were found on neurological examination. Following neurosurgical evaluation, the presence of the cyst was not deemed to be a contraindication for liver transplantation.
Fabrication and Characterization of α-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Dispersed Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Mamun Muhammad Abdullah Al , Sabur Md. Abdus , Gafur Md. Abdul , Aftab Hrithita , Rahman G.M. Shafiur
Published: June 2021

Hematite(α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel process and further mixed with epoxy resin to obtain the nanocomposites. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis revealed that α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles have an average diameter of about 30 nm, also illustrated the crystal structure and morphology of the nanomaterials. Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the functional groups that were present in α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles, neat epoxy andα-Fe2O3/epoxy nanocomposites. Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) analysis exhibits the magnetic hysteresis curve and revealed that α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were superparamagnetic. Tensile testing was performed to obtain the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, young modulus and required energy to deform the materials. Vickers micro-hardness test showed the surface hardness of the nanocomposites. Flexural strength also measured, which indicate the strength of nanocomposites against bending. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) measurement showed the thermal properties of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and its influence into the epoxy matrix. UV-Vis spectroscopy was performed to obtain the optical band gap energy of the nanocomposites.  DC-resistivity measurements showed a significant influence of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles on the dc-electrical properties of the epoxy matrix.