bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of E-Isomer of α-Hydrazone Phosphonates via Nucleophilic Addition of Trialkyl Phosphite to Nitrile Imines (NIs) and DFT Calculations
Authors: Polat Çakır Sıdıka , Altınışık Sinem
Published: June 2024

Nitrile imines (NIs) belong to the nitrilium betaine family of 1,3-dipoles. Due to their high reactivity, NI compounds cannot be isolated and must be generated in situ before undergoing the desired transformation. NI derivatives were prepared by the utilization of N-phenyl hydrazine chloride precursors in the presence of a base. The title compounds α-hydrazone phosphonates have the potential to be biologically active and may serve as a precursor compound for other biologically active substances like amino phosphonic acids. Shortly, they are highly significant compounds in medicinal and synthetic chemistry. The derivatives of α-hydrazone phosphonate are synthesized by the nucleophilic addition of trialkyl phosphite to in situ generated NI derivatives and obtained in 44-95% isolated chemical yields. It is worth noting that only the E-isomer of the α-hydrazone phosphonates was obtained. Structural analyses of the α-hydrazone phosphonates were conducted by using proton and carbon NMR analysis along with FTIR. The researchers also performed DFT calculations including structural parameters (bond length, bond angle, and dihedral angle), HOMO and LUMO energy levels, and the zero-point vibrational energy (ZPE) for both E and Z geometric isomers of unsubstituted phenyl α-hydrazone phosphonate.
CZECH ETYMOLOGIES
Authors: Varbot Zh.
Published: June 2024

Object of the paper is etymological analysis of two Czech words. (1) plápoliště ‘free area; haystack' is interpreted as derivative of plápolati ‘burn' with semantic evolution of the noun *‘scorched earth' → ‘free area'→ *‘grassy scorched earth, haymaking' → ‘haystack'. (2) viziti ‘torment', vízeti se ‘perish' is interpreted as cognate with Old-Czech. súžiti ‘press', vězěti ‘be kept, be arrested' and derivative of *vęzti ‘tie'.
AN OUTLINE OF THE ONOMASTIC ESSAY ON MYCONIM BLAGVA
Authors:   Institute for the Serbian Language of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Kalezić Maja
Published: June 2024

The work is an etymologico-phytonomastical essay in which by detailed semasyologico-onomasiogical analysis is reconstructed the process of naming unit Blagva - the name for fungus that is encountered in codices , herbals, collections and other records representing in latissimo sensu traditional terminological lexicons from the so called pre-Linnaean systemic period - by an onomatourgos, considering social opportunities that we read from codes hidden in the iconic names structure a posteriori assumed to belong more often to the semantic field in which the names for the so-called toxins from nature are obtained, which is why it can be understood the reason why traditional onomaturgos or why traditional compilers of folk botanical nomenclatures felt that these strikingly different bioentities should be included among botanicals - thus incorporating them as mini-corpus of bio-onomastic designs for reference realia within the systematics and nomenclatures of the wider botanical corpora .
TYPES OF TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS IN CLOSELY RELATED LANGUAGES (CORPUS RESEARCH)
Authors: Pinkhasik I.
Published: June 2024

In the paper, based on the material of the lexical-semantic field "Food" in Russian and Czech, is shown what types of translation equivalents are used to convey the names of food and culinary products, what strategies translators choose during the translation process, what translation transformations and in what way turn out to be useful in conveying lexemes denoting food. The advantages and disadvantages of using different corpora of the Russian and Czech languages while choosing translation equivalents of this kind are discussed.
Prolonged multi‐country outbreak of Listeria monocytogenes ST173 linked to consumption of fish products
Authors:   European Food Safety Authority
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Between 2012 and 2024, a prolonged outbreak of 73 cases of L. monocytogenes ST173 infections (‘My2’ ‐cluster) has been ongoing in Belgium (5), Czechia (1), Germany (39), Finland (2), Italy (1), the Netherlands (20), and the United Kingdom (UK) (5). Fourteen deaths have been recorded as associated with this outbreak. Males aged over 60 years represent the most affected population group. Most patients with available information from case interviews report consuming various fish products before illness. Among 73 cases, an ongoing ‘My2’ sub‐cluster 1 was identified with 38 cases reported in six EU countries and the UK.
The ‘My2’ sub‐cluster 1 includes 83 non‐human isolates, of which 48 are food isolates and six are environmental isolates with traceability data corresponding to 37 fish products (different typologies) and 12 fish manufacturers (located in six EU countries and one third country). The epidemiological and traceability information did not allow identification of a single common point or food business operator in the traceability of all products. Five countries reported the implementation of control measures.
The whole genome analysis (WGS) analysis, the tracing evidence, and the detection in fish products between 2017 and 2024 suggest that the strain has been geographically spread in Europe for several years, most likely originated from a past single source high up in the production chain, and has been established in different fish processing plants. Overall, the evidence supports the hypothesis of fish products as the vehicle of infections.
Given the detection of the outbreak strain in multiple types of fish products and its wide circulation in the EU/EEA fish production chain, new cases are likely to be reported. Corrective measures should be implemented in the plants where the contamination is detected, and further investigations should be carried out to identify the point of entry and prevent possible re‐contamination.
РЕСУРСИ РЕЗИЛЬЄНТНОСТІ ОСІБ З ТРАВМАТИЧНИМ ДОСВІДОМ
Authors: Малімон Людмила , Пархоменко Вікторія
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Theoretical study of resilience and the resources that determine the difference in its manifestation after critical situations, as well as empirical research on the mechanisms and resources that promote the development of resilience in people with traumatic experiences because of the war in Ukraine.
Methods. Methods of theoretical analysis of scientific literature on the problem; methods of empirical research using a set of psychodiagnostic techniques; methods of mathematical statistics. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated for statistical data processing.
Results. According to the results of theoretical analysis, the concept of "resilience" is considered as both a process and an outcome of successful adaptation to difficult life situations, especially through mental, emotional, and behavioral flexibility and adaptation to external and internal challenges. The empirical study revealed positive correlations of psychological resilience with resources (crisis coping strategies) "B – Belief & values" (r=0.591), “C – Cognition, thought” (r=0.540). A directly proportional correlations was also found between the overall impact of the event, the level of intrusion and avoidance with the crisis coping strategy "I – Imagination" (r=0.505; r=0.607; r=0.506), between the level of avoidance and the resource “S – Socialization” (r=0.632), between the level of intrusion and “C – Cognition, thought” (r=0.491).
Conclusions. Individuals whose crisis coping strategies are based on faith (in God, in people, in miracles, or in themselves and their mission), belief systems, values and meanings, the activation of mental abilities, the ability to think logically and critically, assess situations, learn new ideas, plan, gather information, analyze problems, and solve them rationally, exhibit higher resilience indicators. Those who have higher level of impact of event and manifestations of specific PTSD symptoms more frequently use imagination, memories, and creativity to cope with crises. The level of avoidance positively correlates with the use of social ties, social support, and communication to cope with crises, and the level of intrusion positively correlates with the use of cognition and cognitive strategies.
The difficulties hindering EFL teachers from using metaphor-based teaching
Authors: Boussaid Youness
Published: June 2024

This paper aims to assess the knowledge of metaphor-based teaching among teachers by investigate the obstacles that hinder them from incorporating metaphor-based teaching into their instructional strategies. This study makes use of a questionnaire to collect data from EFL teachers worldwide. The results show that the difficulties most faced by teachers when using metaphor-based teaching include the unsuitability of the topic, the difficulty of the topic, the unavailability of materials, time constraints, extra workload, and metaphor-based teaching not fitting students’ expectations and needs. The research also touches on some countermeasures to deal with the difficulties teachers face when using metaphor-based approach. The results indicate the importance of reevaluating teacher training programs and refocusing teachers' instructional efforts on incorporating metaphor-based teaching, which is often overlooked and not fully acknowledged in language classrooms.
Criteria for Subordination in Slovenian Multi-Clause Sentences
Authors: Gabrovšek Dejan
Published: June 2024

The article explains and demonstrates criteria for subordination and points out that not all criteria can be applied to all constructions considered subordinate, so it is better to posit that there are different degrees of dependency instead of only subordination and coordination: the more criteria for subordination a particular construction fulfils, the more subordinate it is.
Analiza imeničkih složenica u engleskom jeziku građevinske struke sa stajališta tehničke poruke
Authors: Špiranec Ivana
Published: June 2024

U korpusu od 1116 dvorječnih engleskih imeničkih složenica imenica + imenica iz područja građevinarstva analiziraju se nazivi sa stajališta tehničke poruke. Riječ je o nazivima koji nastaju kombiniranjem riječi. Nazivi su ekscerpirani iz stručnih i znanstvenih časopisa iz područja građevinarstva. Svakoj složenici pridružena je skraćena definicija pojma te semantička odrednica s obzirom na tehničku poruku. Analizom su obuhvaćeni i klasificirani primjeri nemetaforičnih i metaforičnih i/ili metonimijskih terminoloških imeničkih složenica. Želi se pokazati da su metaforičke složenice također transparentne, tj. da je moguće razotkriti motiviranost ukupnog značenja složenice njezinim sastavnicama ako se u analizi rabe metafora i metonimija. Razlika je u tome što takve kreativne terminološke složenice rabe procese metaforizacije i metonimizacije u većoj mjeri negoli je to slučaj u transparentnima. S obzirom na tehničku poruku složenice, analiza je iznjedrila 23 različite odrednice semantičkih odnosa između predatribucijske imenice i osnovne imenice, a s pododrednicama ih je ukupno 66. Metaforični nazivi ukazuju na interakciju znanja o struci i znanja o svijetu jer se novi pojmovi konceptualiziraju i imenuju pomoću već poznatih pojmova iz općega jezika.
Wpływ ograniczenia naprężenia na stabilność masy skalnej
Authors: Georgieva Temenuga , Paneiro Gustavo , Ajdanlijsky George , De Silva Matilde Horta Costa , Neves Paula Falcão
Published: June 2024

A huge number of factors controls rock mass failure, but it is mainly influenced by the state of stress and in particular on the bearing capacity and failure mechanism of the massif. The evaluation of rock mass strength in confined and unconfined compression, as well as its tension strength, are key issues to understand rock mass behaviour prior to failure. A connection between the laboratory analyses of the rock mass and the practical use of the obtained data is presented in the current work. The strength properties, confinement effect and failure mechanisms are successfully studied in volcanic rock specimens from an underground mine. In order to estimate the confinement effect on rock mass strength properties, different confined compression stresses on rock specimens are applied. In addition, the crack initiation and propagation in rock samples are observed and rock mass failure mechanisms are studied. The obtained data is used for stability analyses of an underground openings through determination of the safety factor. The obtained results of the safety factors underlined the influence of the confining stress on the rock mass. The tendency of increasing values of the shear safety factor and decreasing values of the tensile safety factor as confinement increases is found. This is an important observation that would allowed more accurate predictions of the stable and unstable zones of the underground openings to be carried out, and thus the stability of the rock mass to be improved.
Wpływ właściwości dielektrycznych na ogrzewanie rud siarczkowych w polu elektromagnetycznym
Authors: Znamenáčková Ingrid , Dolinská Silvia , Láčik Jaroslav , Hredzák Slavomír , Briančin Jaroslav
Published: June 2024

Microwave heating is a form of high-frequency electromagnetic radiation. The heating of primary and secondary mineral raw materials in the microwave field depends primarily on their dielectric and thermal properties. The condition is the absorption of microwave radiation. Dielectric heating of materials occurs immediately after placing them in an electric high-frequency field. Knowledge of the dielectric characteristics of mineral raw materials is an important assumption for the use of electromagnetic radiation at the intensification of technological treatment methods. Most mined minerals consist of several mineral components that have different dielectric properties. Most sulphides are well heated in a microwave field. Conversely, tailings components of ores, such as quartz, are transmission materials. The study of dielectric properties involves measurements of the complex relative permittivity ε*, which consists of a real and an imaginary part. The imaginary part of permittivity “loss factor” represents the measure of dielectric losses in the material. Microwave heating of sulphide ores and concentrates such are chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, galena depends on their chemical composition and content of impurities. The article describes the influence of dielectric properties on heating of chalcopyrite in microwave field. SEM analyses of studied samples are presented.
Badanie mieszaniny metan-wodór w rurociągach pionowych
Authors: Darie Marius , Vlasin Nicolae , Prodan Maria , Burian Sorin , Pupăzan Gabriela , Moldovan Lucian
Published: June 2024

The paper presents an assessment of issues regarding the separation phenomena of methane-hydrogen mixtures in vertical pipelines. In the first part of the paper, the explosion risk is underlined. Thus, the widespread use of methane in both the industrial and domestic sectors is well known. In practice, due to recent trends, the injection of hydrogen into dedicated methane installations, the differences in densities can lead to separation phenomena which have an unfavorable effect on the operating regimes of equipment using this mixture and also, on the risk of explosion. The use of hydrogen in the industry is not new, but the increasing impact in terms of the number of users may involve a higher number of accidents due to the increased field of probability of hazardous situations in terms of explosions. The second part presents the used methods. The diffusion and gravitational separation are presented as phenomena having opposite effects. The used methods are theoretical and simulation approaches. The theoretical model is based on a nondynamic model. Therefore, no time parameter was not involved in the model. A linear dependence with the height of the concentration variation was observed for the range of heights considered. The conducted simulation underlined the same conclusion regarding the magnitude of gravitational separations in the methane-hydrogen mixtures. The main conclusion of the approach is that the separation phenomenon effect due to the gas density differences is negligible. The approach also revealed, as expected that the higher level of pipe is exposed to a higher risk of increased hydrogen concentration.
Spinel chromianowy z dunitów masywu Inagli i ich termobarometria tlenowa (tarcza ałdańska, platforma syberyjska)
Authors: Okrugin Alexander
Published: June 2024

The Inagli dunite-peridotite-shonkinite zonal-ring intrusive with platinum-chromite mineralization is located on the Aldan shield of the Siberian Platform. Considering the structure, rock composition and ore mineralization, it is similar to the platinum-bearing zonal massifs of the "Ural-Alaskan" type, but this intrusive differs from the latter in its geological position. In order to clarify the physical and chemical conditions of formation of the Inagli massif, the mineral composition of rocks, especially сhromite-containing dunites, peridotites and shonkinites, as well as platinum-chromitite ore segregations, has been studied in detail. The rocks of the Inagli massif, from dunites to shonkinites, including peridotites, clinopyroxenites, and alkaline syenites, form a single continuous series. This is confirmed by a clear dependence of the composition of olivine, pyroxene, phlogopite and chromian spinel on the content of MgO in rocks. They were formed from the initial high-potassium picrite melt, which, during rising, underwent gradual decompression solidification and formed a cylindrical diapir-like body at the near-surface level in the Early Cretaceous. This occurred as a result of subduction processes related to the formation of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogenic belt along the southern framing of the Siberian craton. The values of oxygen volatility (lgfO2) for dunites, peridotites, shonkinites, chromitites and olivine-chromite inclusions in the isoferroplatinum of the Inagli massif, calculated using the method of the olivine-spinel oxygen thermobarometer of Ballhaus-Berry-Green (BBG), form a single trend FMQ+(2-4) in the range 620-11400C, i.e. along the band by 2-4 units of lgfO2 exceeding the fayalite-magnetite-quartz (FMQ) buffer. Such a rather narrow range of variation in the values of O2 fugacity in a wide interval of temperature indicates good comparability and reliability of the data obtained. At the same time, there is a natural decrease in temperature intervals for the formation of olivine-chromite parageneses (in 0С): with isoferroplatinum – (1140-680); in chromitite segregations – (980-710); in dunites – (930-620); peridotites – (890-770) and shonkinites – (840-710). The results obtained almost completely coincide with the field of values for dunites and chromitites from the Platinum-bearing belt of the Urals, given by other researchers. In terms of redox parameters, platinum-bearing zonal ultramafic-mafic massifs of the Ural-Alaskan and Aldanian types are close to more oxidized peridotites with a long history in the lithosphere. They differ significantly from the peridotites of the Beni-Bousera massif, as well as abyssal peridotites of the oceanic ridge systems, and others, which are formed under more reduced conditions corresponding to the range between FMQ, carbon-oxygen-CO (ССО) and iron-wustite (IW) buffers.
Zastosowanie predykcyjnych zależności efektów pęcznienia dla podłoży drogowych
Authors: Pruška Jan , Šedivý Miroslav , Pavelcová Veronika
Published: June 2024

Impact of swelling can be observed in a wide range of civil and engineering structures. In the case of swelling in the subsoil of roadbeds, the destruction of the road pavement in cuts or collapse of slopes of cut is a frequent occurrence. Problems with deformation from swelling can also occur in the case of bridge abutments based on pile trestles. The unpleasant fact is that the impact of swelling can occur even after a long time. In the case of roads, high swelling pressures can lead to total destruction of the structure of the pavement even after years of operation. The susceptibility of soil to swelling can be described using swelling parameters. These parameters can be measured directly in the laboratory and in situ or indirectly estimated from empirical correlations. The paper describes the prediction of swelling processes using indirect measurements based on the methodology "Identification and solution of problems of soils prone to swelling" certified by the Ministry of Environment of the Czech Republic.
Zbieranie danych przestrzennych za pomocą bezzałogowego statku powietrznego
Authors: Simeonova Gabriela , Antova Gergana , Mickrenska Christina
Published: June 2024

The paper briefly discusses the nature and advantages of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as a spatial data acquisition method. This method and its possibilities are subject of scientific research in the area of geodesy, cadaster, architecture, construction of infrastructure objects and facilities, agricultural activities, cultural and historical heritage and even more over the last decades. This publication discusses in short, the principles and possibilities for creating a three-dimensional data model using the advantages of unmanned aerial vehicle. The building of University of Architecture, civil engineering and geodesy, situated in Semkovo resort, Blagoevgrad district is selected for the purpose of the task. Classical land surveying measurements with a total station and the data collected with an unmanned aerial vehicle are used for the creation of the three-dimensional model. A comparison and evaluation of the obtained model is made. The result of this evaluation indicates that the technology of unmanned aerial vehicle is efficient for representation of high-quality data with a wide scope of advantages such as high range, fast data collecting and processing.
Lokalizacja wlotów kratek ściekowych w celu zapewnienia skutecznego odwodnienia ulic w procesie projektowania ulic i planów nawierzchni w Bułgarii
Authors: Ilieva Emiliya
Published: June 2024

This study analyses the existing requirements and standards for determining the locations of grate inlets on streets in Bulgaria. Effective drainage in street design is essential for managing stormwater runoff and preventing urban areas from flooding during heavy rains. To choose optimal locations of grate inlets plays a crucial role in this process. Solving this task is related with designing street slopes in grading plans and designing sewer systems. This article presents an approach, based on successful practices used in the USA and Australia, by proposing a hydraulic based procedure for locating grate inlets in the design process. The technique is adopted to all Bulgarian requirements and standards. As a main criterion it is suggested to use the maximum allowable water spread on the pavement of the traffic lanes. The proposed method considers various factors, such as longitudinal and cross slope, size of grate inlet, design frequency period, intercepted and bypass flow. It starts with determination of the grate inlet locations on continuous grade, then incorporates the specific sag points in vertical curves and intersections. It can be used in the process of designing streets and their grading plans to optimize the drainage efficiency of streets in Bulgaria. It is hydraulic reasoned, very flexible, and easy to apply for different street sections with different features. Implementing this approach can solve the problem of unclarity in locating grate inlets in Bulgaria. Also, the presented procedure could be used as a base to fill gaps in the existing Bulgarian regulations and manuals, related to the drainage of streets in urban areas.
Porównanie geologii prezentowanej na przekroju poprzecznym i obserwowanej w terenie - lekcja z odkrywki węgla brunatnego Tomisławice, Zagłębie Konińskie w Polsce Centralnej
Authors: Wachocki Robert , Dziamara Mariusz , Klęsk Jakub , Widera Marek
Published: June 2024

This article briefly focuses on comparing geological information shown in a cross-section with field data. An example from the Tomisławice opencast mine, where the first Mid-Polish lignite seam (MPLS-1) is currently exploited for electricity production, is used where two sites present large and even surprising differences. In the first case, they are due to technical reasons, i.e., wet drilling. The second case is most likely caused by the compaction of peat during its transformation into lignite. The obtained results clearly indicate that the actual geological structure observed in the field may differ significantly from that which is interpreted on the geological cross-sections based on borehole data.
Mapowanie geologiczne, stratygrafia, paleontologia i mineralizacje paleozoiku wokół kamieniołomu Valério i Muzeum Trylobitów (Geopark Arouca), Canelas, Północna Portugalia
Authors: Figueiredo Manuel , Couto Helena , Valério Manuel
Published: June 2024

The studied area, a sector in the reverse limb of the Valongo Anticline adjacent to the Museum of Trilobites and to Valério’s Quarry (Canelas, Arouca), is located in the Central-Iberian Zone of the Iberian Massif. The main objective of this study was to obtain a detailed geological map, through the recognition of the lithologies, stratigraphic units, fossils, structures and mineralizations. The Palaeozoic succession from Cambrian to Carboniferous was studied, with the exception of the Devonian, which does not outcrop in the area. Regarding lithologies, a succession of volcano sedimentary layers has been found in Cambrian (Montalto Formation, Middle Cambrian) and in the Lower Ordovician (Santa Justa Formation), either underlying Floian massive quartzites (Tremadocian?) or overlying Floian massive quartzites (Floian). At the top of the Middle Ordovician (Valongo Formation, Dapingian-Darriwilian), near the contact with the Upper Ordovician (Sobrido Formation, Hirnantian), a ferruginous layer with abundant siliceous nodules occurs. In the base of the Sobrido Formation, massive quartzites underlie diamictites. Concerning the fossil record, abundant icnofossils such as Cruziana and Planolites were identified in the quartzites of the Lower Ordovician. Also, different somatofossils occur in the Middle Ordovician slates, namely trilobites (between the largest trilobites in the world) and other arthropods, graptolites, cephalopods, brachiopods, gastropods, bivalves and echinoderms (cystoids and crinoids). In Silurian, besides quartzites (Rhuddanian), light grey slates bearing graptolites, namely Monograptus (Llandovery), are dominant. In Carboniferous (Gzhelian) breccias, sandstones and slates with plant fossils, namely with articulated plants and ferns, occur. Regarding the mineral resources of the area, beyond the slates of Middle Ordovician (Valongo Formation) exploited in Valério’s Quarry, there is a Roman mining work, the Gralheira d'Água mine (Au-As type mineralizations), associated to the Lower Ordovician (Santa Justa Formation) quartzites and volcano sedimentary layers, exploited for gold. Antimony mineralizations (Sb-Au type mineralizations) associated to the volcano-sedimentary succession of the Cambrian-Ordovician transition, were found and studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The final work resulted in a geological map, covering an area of 1200m by 900m, at a scale of 1: 3,400.
Planowanie terenów rolniczych w Bułgarii - obecna funkcjonalność prawodawstwa i perspektywy
Authors: Moteva Milena , Parashkevova-Simeonova Desislava
Published: June 2024

Development Planning for the Agricultural Territory is a problematic activity in Bulgaria in terms of the existing legal requirements. Bulgarian legislation contains certain gaps in regulating and technically ensuring the agricultural land planning. This is well settled in relation to the other types of territories like the Urban, Forest, and Protected ones, which planning rules and activities are regulated in details. The purpose of the paper is firstly to justify the necessity of improving and detailing the legal regulations for the agricultural land development planning, and secondly to suggest some expert approaches for improving and harmonization of legislation in connection with registration of the agricultural property by Agricultural Territory Development Plan (ATDP), Restored Property Map (RPM) and Cadastral Map (CM). The current legal grounds for planning development of the agricultural land in Bulgaria are presented and analysed. Lack of detailed regulations on their scope, content and operation have been found. It is also a matter of applicability of the newly created municipal CMs in settling land relations such as purchases and sales of land, inheritances, divisions, and changing the primary purpose of use of Agricultural Territory for construction. The completeness of CM with information about the quality of agricultural lands is still not regulated by Cadaster and Property Register Act. The paper contains specific proposals for amendments in Spatial Planning Act, Cadastral and Property Registry Act and Agricultural Land Ownership and Use Act.
Wpływ działalności antropogenicznej w dorzeczu górnego Dunaju na reżim temperatury wody Dunaju w Bratysławie
Authors: Pekárová Pavla , Miklánek Pavol , Pekár Ján
Published: June 2024

The man activity in the basin affects the water temperature in the increasingly higher levels (construction of water reservoirs, construction of thermal and nuclear power plants or drainage of waste water to streams). In this paper, we focused our attention on the evaluation of the impact of anthropogenic activity to increase the thermal load of the Danube River for the period 1926–2020 at the Bratislava (Slovakia) station. In the first part, the long-term trends of a series of monthly and annual water temperatures in the Danube (period 1931–2020) are identified. In the second part, the dependence of the range of daily water temperature values is analysed at the temperature of the atmosphere in Vienna. The impact of an increase in the temperature of the Danube water due to human activity was tried to identify for lower, average, and higher flows (for Danube discharge at Bratislava water gauge 1500 m3s-1, 2000 m3s-1, and 3000 m3s-1) by comparing two periods: 1932–1961, and 1991–2020. As the effect of water heating in the river stream is most noticeable during low flow (dry) periods and high air temperatures, only daily water and air temperature data from the warm months between May and September were used in the calculations. At monthly flow rates of 1500 m3s-1, the water temperature was, on average, 0.5°C higher during the period of 1991–2020 than it was during the period of 1932–1960. This growth could be attributed to human activities in the Danube basin above Bratislava (warming of water in the built tanks, the wastewater flow to the Danube flow, etc.)
Niedawne tsunami na świecie (2020-2023) - porównania między modelowaniem a pomiarami
Authors: Partheniu Raluca , Tiganescu Alexandru , Placinta Anica Otilia
Published: June 2024

Few high magnitude earthquakes were generated worldwide in the last three and a half years, some of which triggered tsunami waves. We took into account all the events during the interval January 2020 - June 2023. There was a total of 15 earthquakes (5 in 2020, 5 in 2021, 2 in 2022, 2 in 2023) which lead to moderate and/or small tsunami waves (above 0.1 m), having magnitudes higher than 7, but also one earthquake with magnitude below 7 (6.8) which lead to very small tsunami waves generation. Not all the high magnitude earthquakes resulted in tsunami waves, depending on the depth, focal mechanism and / or other parameters (distance to shore, local conditions, etc.). From tsunami measurements point of view, we considered the most relevant ones and studied only the events that lead to measured waves higher than 0.5 m. The most significant ones are 5 events: 23rd of June 2020 (15:29 UTC), Near Coast of Oaxaca Mexico, M7.4 (maximum waves 0.68 m); 19th of October 2020 (20:55 UTC) South of Alaska M7.4 (maximum waves 0.76 m); 10th of February 2021 (13:20 UTC) Southeast of Loyalty Island, M7.7 (maximum waves 0.78 m); 4th of March 2021 (19:28 UTC) Kermadec Island region, M8.1 (maximum waves 0.56 m) and 19th of September 2022 (18:05 UTC), Coast of Michoacan Mexico M7.6 (maximum waves 0.79 m). We compared, in this paper, the values of sea level measurements with the results of the tsunami simulations, using the parameters of each earthquake (latitude, longitude, magnitude, depth, focal mechanism). The modeling simulations were accomplished using TRIDEC Cloud software, provided by the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany. When comparing the values between the two types of data (measured vs. computed), the results show that some simulations overestimate the measured values, others underestimate it. More studies are necessary for a better numerical assessment of sea level, in order to be more precise and closer to the real measurements. Future work might include using two or three different modeling software, for the same earthquake parameters, and comparing the results.
Termografia rozległego zielonego dachu przedszkola w Brno-Komín
Authors: Mohapl Martin , Jílek Jan
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the behavior of an extensive green roof in winter. The behavior of the green roof of the Kindergarten Brno – Komín is described in the case study. The condition of the roof was determined using thermovisual technology. An extensive green roof shows significant temperature differences in winter compared to roofs without vegetation. The vegetation layer on roofs partially acts as an insulating layer. From this structure, the ventilation shafts and sanitary equipment emerge thermally. As part of thermography, the influence of the revision segment on heat conduction was determined. The overall thermal technical condition was evaluated using a thermal camera.
Uji Vigor Benih Cabai (Capsicum sp) dengan Metode Radicle Emergence Menggunakan Analisis Citra Digital
Authors: Budiman Candra , Wirianto Hafidz Ade , Suhartanto Rahmad
Published: June 2024

Penggunaan metode radicle emergence sebagai uji vigor benih cabai dilakukan untuk mendapatkan waktu pengujian mutu benih yang lebih cepat dan akurat. Penerapan teknologi pengolahan citra digital dengan software imageJ bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data kuantitatif informasi benih berupa diameter/panjang benih, dan panjang radikula pada setiap interval pengamatan. Pengamatan kemunculan radikula dilakukan selama tiga jam sekali dimulai pada interval 72 jam hingga 126 jam. Uji vigor Radicle emergence yang telah ditetapkan ISTA adalah mengamati perkecambahan benih yang memiliki panjang radikula sebesar 2 mm untuk menduga mutu benih yang diuji. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengamati jumlah benih yang memiliki empat kategori panjang radikula yaitu ≥ 1mm, ≥ 2mm, ≥ 50%panjang benih(PJB), dan ≥ panjang benih (PJB), dan melakukan analisis korelasi pada beberapa tolok ukur mutu benih di laboratorium (daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, potensi tumbuh maksimum, dan kecepatan tumbuh) dan di persemaian (jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, dan persentase daya tumbuh). Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran menggunakan citra digital pada kategori panjang radikula ≥ 1mm (interval 84 jam) dan ≥ 2 mm (interval 93 jam) memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan tolok ukur vigor benih, sedangkan pada kategori panjang radikula ≥ 50%PJB dan ≥ PJB hanya memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan indeks vigor dan kecepatan tumbuh.
Kata kunci: vigor benih, radicle emergence, pengolahan citra digital, panjang radikula, kecepatan tumbuh benih
Estimasi Jejak Karbon pada Budidaya Ubi kayu dari Berbagai Dosis Pupuk NPK dan Karbon Organik Tanah
Authors: Santosa Edi , Anwar Syaiful , Hartono Arief , Pramuhadi Gatot , Diaguna Ridwan , Zaman Sofyan , Agusta Herdhata
Published: June 2024

Ubi kayu atau singkong merupakan komoditas industri dan komponen penting pada ketahanan pangan di Indonesia, tetapi informasi jejak karbon dari kegiatan budidaya masih terbatas. Jejak karbon adalah salah satu pendekatan untuk memahami sumber emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) yang berguna untuk mitigasi pemanasan global. Penelitian bertujuan melakukan asesmen jejak karbon budidaya ubi kayu pada berbagai taraf pupuk NPK dan karbon organik tanah (C-org). Penelitian dilakukan pada September 2022 hingga Mei 2023 di Kebun Percobaan IPB Jonggol. Data emisi diestimasi menggunakan skenario tier 1. Budidaya ubi kayu memiliki jejak karbon 2,511.2-10,641.4 kg CO2-eq ha-1 tergantung dosis NPK dan C-org. Budidaya mengemisikan karbon rata-rata 6,455.5 kg CO2-eq ha-1 dengan emisi langsung 4,532.3 kg CO2-eq ha-1dan tidak langsung sebesar 1,923.2 kg CO2-eq ha-1. Input NPK dan pupuk kandang menyumbang emisi langsung terbesar yakni berturut-turut 36.99% dan 54.96%. Pada waktu yang bersamaan, budidaya menskuestrasi karbon 27,445.1- 61,684.2 kg CO2-eq ha-1 (rata-rata 51,032.4 kg CO2-eq ha-1) sehingga budidaya memiliki neraca karbon positif yang berarti mengurangi GRK, yakni sebesar 24,933.9-54,493.1 kg CO2-eq ha-1 (rata-rata 44,577.0 kg CO2-eq ha-1). Berdasarkan regresi, tingkat C-org 4.8% dan dosis NPK (15-15-15) 440.7 kg ha-1 memberikan pengurangan (offsets) emisi GRK maksimum. Upaya mencapai budidaya ubi kayu rendah emisi diprioritaskan melalui pengurangan input pupuk misalnya dengan mengembalikan limbah biomasa budidaya.
Kata kunci: emisi karbon, emisi GRK, ketahanan pangan, rendah emisi, singkong
Analisis Hubungan Etnosains Fisika Terhadap Alat Transportasi Tradisional Cidomo di Pulau Lombok
Authors: Hasan Yulia , Firdaus Fahmi , Syukur Abdul
Published: June 2024

Cidomo merupakan alat transportasi tradisional di Pulau Lombok yang memiliki hubungan etnosains dalam konteks materi fisika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis etnosains pada cidomo dalam konteks materi fisika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan etnosains fisika terhadap alat transportasi cidomo, yang mencakup materi pembelajaran seperti momentum, kinematika, dinamika gerak, elastisitas bahan, dan kesetimbangan benda tegar. Kesimpulannya, penelitian ini berhasil menganalisis hubungan etnosains pada cidomo dalam konteks materi fisika, menunjukkan bagaimana pengetahuan lokal dan ilmiah dapat saling melengkapi dalam pemahaman konsep fisika.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Discovery Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN 4 Mataram
Authors: Hidayah Amanatul , Subarinah Sri , Pramestie Wulandari Nourma , Baidowi Baidowi
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk LKPD berbasis discovery learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 4 Mataram Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024 pada materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation And Evaluations). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 32 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1) LKPD berbasis discovery learning pada materi SPLDV memiliki kualitas valid dengan validitas sebesar 84%, 2) kriteria sangat praktis dengan nilai praktikalitas sebesar 90%, 3) dan berkriteria efektif dengan perolehan uji N-Gain sebesar 0,71 dengan kategori tinggi. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 78%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD berbasis discovery learning ini berkategori valid, praktis, dan efektif dan dapat digunakan pada kegiatan pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah.
An Analisis Epistemological Obstacle Berdasarkan Kesalahan Menyelesaikan Soal Matematika Materi Segitiga Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Mataram Tahun Ajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Ainun Yusri , Sridana Nyoman , Kurniati Nani , Sarjana Ketut
Published: June 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan epistemological obstacle berdasarkan kesalahan menyelesaikan soal matematika terkait materi segitiga siswa kelas VII di SMP Negeri 3 Mataram. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode pengambilan data meliputi tes dan angket. Sampel dipilih dari kelas VII-4 SMP Negeri 3 Mataram dimana metode pencarian sampel dilakukan dengan tes. Penentuan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Sampel yang dipilih sebanyak 6 siswa berdasarkan hasil tes dan dikelompokkan ke dalam 3 kelompok dengan setiap kelompok masing-masing terdiri dari 2 siswa kategori kesalahan tinggi, sedang dan rendah untuk kemudian diberikan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis epistemological obstacle yang dialami siswa yaitu epistemological obstacle konseptual dengan persentase 56,99%, epistemological obstacle prosedural dengan persentase 95,70% dan epistemological obstacle teknik operasional dengan persentase 79,57%.  Siswa dengan kategori kesalahan tinggi, persentase epistemological obstacle konseptual sebesar 100%, epistemological obstacle prosedural sebesar 100%, dan epistemological obstacle teknik operasional sebesar 100%. Sedangkan untuk siswa dengan kategori kesalahan sedang, persentase epistemological obstacle konseptual sebesar 66,67%, epistemological obstacle prosedural sebesar 100%, dan epistemological obstacle teknik operasional 89,86%. Terakhir untuk siswa dengan kategori kesalahan rendah, persentase epistemological obstacle konseptual sebesar 5,56%, epistemological obstacle prosedural sebesar 72,22%, dan epistemological obstacle teknik operasional 33,33%.
Pengembangan E-Modul Matematika Berbasis Etnomatematika Tanimbar
Authors: Batkunde Yoseph , Nifanngelyau Jakobus
Published: June 2024

Etnomatematika merupakan paradigma matematika realistik yang mengintegrasikan budaya masyarakat setempat dengan materi pembelajaran di sekolah sedangkan matematika realistik memiliki empat pendekatan yaitu benda konkret, model konkret, model formal, dan matematika formal. Pendekatan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan matematika peserta didik melalui pengetahuan matematika yang terkandung dalam budaya siswa sendiri dengan modul etnomatematika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran matematika berbasis etnomatematika Tanimbar. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 31 orang dengan rincian 7 siswa dan 1 guru untuk uji coba kelompok kecil dan 20 siswa dan 3 guru untuk uji coba dalam pembelajaran. Instrumen dan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket, observasi, tes, dan wawancara untuk memperoleh data tentang kualitas produk bahan ajar dalam bentuk e-modul matematika berbasis etnomatematika Tanimbar yang diperoleh pada saat uji coba e-Modul. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitati, masukan, tanggapan, kritik dan saran perbaikan melalui angket dan hasil tes pencapaian hasil belajar, sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara terhadap penggunaan e-Modul matematika berbasis etnomatematika Tanimbar. Kesimpulan akhir menunjikan bahwa pengembangan E-Modul Matematika berbasis Etnomatematika Tanimbar sangat valid/sangat layak digunakan untuk pembelajaran siswa SMP dengan presentase 91,7 % dan memperoleh hasil uji coba dalam pembelajaran dengann nilai rata-rata ketuntasan siswa pada PB1 dan PB2 adalah sebesar 88,5 % dengan kategori sangat baik.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL EEK PADA PEMBELAJARAN PGL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII SMPN 1 JONGGAT
Authors: Sakti Agung purnama , Sripatmi Sripatmi , Lu’luilmaknun Ulfa , Turmuzi Muhammad
Published: June 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model eksplorasi, elaborasi dan konfirmasi (EEK) pada pembelajaran persamaan garis lurus terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Jonggat tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Penelitian Quasi Eksperimen ini dirancang dengan menggunakan post-test only non-equivalent control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Jonggat tahun ajaran 2023/2024. Dua kelas yang dipilih sebagai sampel yaitu kelas VIII B sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII A sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes hasil belajar siswa (post-test), RPP, LKPD dan lembar observasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu statistik parametrik dengan hasil  yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajar kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Dimana rata-rata hasil belajar kelompok eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rata-rata hasil belajar kelompok kontrol. Hasil uji effect size diperoleh nilai d sebesar 1,5 dengan kriteria tinggi. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang tinggi penerapan model eksplorasi, elaborasi dan konfirmasi terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Jonggat.
Development of an Integrated Project-Based Learning Module Based on Black Soybean Ethnoscience to Improve Students' Science Process Skills
Authors: Anggrella Dita Purwinda , Sudrajat Ahmad Kamal
Published: June 2024

Science process skills are one of the 21st-century skills that are important to optimize to train students to be skilled in solving problems. However, facts in the field show that science process skills are still relatively low because teachers do not yet understand how to develop science process skills, and there is a lack of teaching materials based on a scientific approach to developing science process skills. This research aims to develop an integrated Project-based Learning (PjBL) module for black soybean ethnoscience that is valid, practical, and effective for improving students' science process skills. The model for product development is ADDIE. The product's effectiveness was tested using a quasi-experiment with research subjects consisting of 91 students (46 experimental and 45 control group students). The results of the module developed meet valid and practical criteria. The results of product effectiveness tested using quasi-experiments show that the integrated PjBL module of black soybean ethnoscience effectively improves science process skills. They are increasing students' science process skills due to using contextual phenomena in learning.
Development of Interactive Mobile Learning (IMOLE) Learning Media Assisted by iSpring Suite to Improve IPAS Learning Outcomes in Elementary Schools
Authors: Khasanah Nikmatul , Setyasto Novi
Published: June 2024

The lack of student activity in the learning process at SDN 1 Loram Kulon has an impact on student learning outcomes. This research is Research and Development which refers to the ADDIE model. This research aims to develop and test the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of Interactive Mobile Learning (Imole) assisted by iSpring Suite. The population in this study was 32 people with 12 small-scale test subjects in class VI students and 21 large-scale test subjects in class V at SDN 1 Loram Kulon. Data collection techniques use test (pretest-posttest) and non-test techniques in the form of observations, questionnaires, interview results, and documentation data. Validation results by material expert validators and media experts show that Interactive Mobile Learning (Imole) assisted by iSpring Suite has met the valid criteria with an average score of 93%. Based on the pretest-posttest results, it is known that Interactive Mobile Learning (Imole) assisted by iSpring Suite is effective in improving student learning outcomes with the result of an increase in the average pretest score of 50.95 to 84 at the time of the posttest and the N-gain test results obtained  The gain value is 0.70 in the high category. Based on the results of the response questionnaire distributed, very positive responses were obtained from teachers and students. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Interactive Mobile Learning (Imole) assisted by iSpring Suite is effective in improving science and science learning outcomes and is feasible and practical to use in the learning of class V students at SDN 1 Loram Kulon.