bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Economic Viability of Steam as an Alternative to Preplant Soil Fumigation in California Strawberry Production
Authors: Xu Yan , Goodhue Rachael E. , Chalfant James A. , Miller Thomas , Fennimore Steven A.
Published: April 2017

One challenge of conducting research regarding agricultural production systems is that field trials are time consuming and expensive, limiting their scale and scope. Thus, policymakers and producers benefit from researchers extracting as much information as possible from each trial. We used the Monte Carlo techniques and the sensitivity analyses to enhance our analysis of the competitiveness of steam as an alternative to fumigation for preplant soil disinfestation in California strawberry production. Chloropicrin + 1,3-dichloropropene 59.6:39 (CP + 1,3-D) resulted in higher mean net returns than did steam. However, the Monte Carlo analysis showed that in one field trial there was a high probability that steam would be more profitable, whereas in the other it was quite unlikely. We also assessed the change in economic performance of steam when it was applied combined with soil amendments of mustard seed meal (MSM). Switching from steam to steam + MSM would have reduced mean net returns. The Monte Carlo results showed that steam + MSM performed at least as well as steam alone around half the time. We evaluated factors that were likely to affect the net returns, defined as total returns minus treatment, weeding, and harvest labor costs, of using steam in the near future. Reductions in application time increased net returns. A decrease in the price of propane increased net returns.
In Vivo Chromosome Doubling of Prunus lusitanica and Preliminary Morphological Observations
Authors: Schulze Justin A. , Contreras Ryan N.
Published: April 2017

Prunus lusitanica (2n = 8x) and Prunus laurocerasus (2n = 22x) are evergreen woody shrubs commonly used in landscapes across the United States and Europe. To reduce the difference in ploidy between these species and with the expectation of successful hybridization, an experiment was performed to double the chromosome number of P. lusitanica. Colchicine was applied at 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8% (w/v), and 125 µM oryzalin as a viscous liquid to the apical meristem of open-pollinated P. lusitanica seedlings. Solutions were semisolidified using 0.55% agar (w/v). Cellular penetration was increased by adding 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (v/v) in all groups except oryzalin. As a result, three chromosome doubled (2n = 16x) plants, one 2n = 12x plant, and 14 cytochimeras (2n = 8x + 16x) were recovered. Application of 125 µM oryzalin had a meristem-survival rate of 17%, statistically lower than all other treatments. The oryzalin treatment also produced the highest number of altered ploidy seedlings. Oryzalin at 125 µM was the most effective chromosome doubling agent in this experiment. Phenotypic examination indicated that chromosome doubled (2n = 16x) plants displayed shorter stems, thicker leaves, and fewer but larger guard cells than the untreated controls.
Comparison of Three Production Scenarios for Buxus microphylla var. japonica ‘Green Beauty’ Marketed in a No. 3 Container on the West Coast Using Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Ingram Dewayne L. , Hall Charles R. , Knight Joshua
Published: April 2017

Three scenarios for production of Buxus microphylla var. japonica [(Mull. Arg.) Rehder & E.H. Wilson] ‘Green Beauty’ marketed in a no. 3 container on the west coast of the United States were modeled based on grower interviews and best management practices. Life cycle inventories (LCIs) of input products, equipment use, and labor were developed from the protocols for those scenarios and a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to determine impact of individual components on the greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) and the subsequent carbon footprint (CF) of the product at the nursery gate and in the landscape. CF is expressed in global warming potential (GWP) for a 100-year period in units of kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalents (kg CO2e). The GWP of the plant from Scenario A (propagation to no. 1 to 3 container) was 2.198 kg CO2e with variable costs of $4.043. Scenario B (propagation to field to no. 3 container) would result in a GWP of 1.717 kg CO2e with variable costs of $2.880 and take a year longer in production than the other two models. The GWP of Scenario C (propagation to no. 1 to no. 2 to no. 3 containers) would be 3.364 kg CO2e with variable costs of $5.733. Containers, transplants/transplanting, irrigation, and fertilization input products and associated activities accounted for the greatest portion of GHG and variable costs in each scenario. Pruning, assembling/load trucks, pesticides, and chlorination were other important components to variable costs of each scenario but had little impact on GWP. Otherwise, the major contributors to GWP are also major contributors to cost.
Primed Acclimation of Papaya Increases Short-term Water Use But Does Not Confer Long-term Drought Tolerance
Authors: Vincent Christopher , Rowland Diane , Schaffer Bruce
Published: April 2017

Primed acclimation (PA) is a regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategy designed to improve or maintain yield under subsequent drought stress. A previous study showed photosynthetic increases in papaya in response to a PA treatment. The present study was undertaken to test the duration of the PA effect when papaya plants were challenged with severe drought stress. Potted plants were stressed at 1, 2, and 3 months after conclusion of a PA treatment consisting of 3 weeks at soil water tension (SWT) of −20 kPa. Measurements included leaf gas exchange, root growth, and organ dry mass partitioning. PA did not reduce net CO2 assimilation (A) during the deficit period. At the end of the PA period, total dry matter accumulation per plant and for each organ was unaffected, but proportional dry matter partitioning to roots was favored. After resuming full irrigation, A increased and whole plant water use was more than doubled in PA-treated plants. However, water use and A of PA-treated plants decreased to reconverge with those of control plants by 6 weeks after the PA treatment. Over the course of the study, PA plants maintained lower stem height to stem diameter ratios, and shorter internode lengths. However, these changes did not improve photosynthetic response to any of the water-deficit treatments. We conclude that papaya exhibits some signs of stress memory, but that rapid short-term acclimation responses dominate papaya responses to soil water deficit.
Foliar Calcium Applications Do Not Improve Quality or Shelf Life of Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, or Blueberry Fruit
Authors: Vance Amanda J. , Jones Patrick , Strik Bernadine C.
Published: April 2017

Foliar calcium (Ca) products are applied by many berry growers to enhance fruit quality and shelf life without evidence that these applications increase fruit Ca or impact fruit characteristics when applied at rates recommended on the product label. The objectives of this study were to determine if fruit or leaf Ca increases when several formulations of liquid Ca products are applied to developing fruit, and to assess any resulting changes in fresh market quality of berries. Products were applied in strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa L., ‘Hood’ and ‘Albion’), raspberry (Rubus idaeus L., ‘Tulameen’ and ‘Vintage’), blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus, Watson, ‘Obsidian’ and ‘Triple Crown’), and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., ‘Spartan’, ‘Liberty’, ‘Draper’, and ‘Legacy’). Calcium formulations tested were Ca chloride (CaCl2), CaCl2 + boron, Ca silicate, Ca chelate, and Ca acetate, which were compared with a water-only control. The rates used for each product were within ranges specified on the label and supplied equal amounts of Ca per ha for each treatment; the Ca concentration varied from 0.05% to 0.3% depending on the cultivar and the volume of water required for good coverage. All products were applied with a backpack sprayer, except in a separate trial where a backpack and electrostatic sprayer were compared in ‘Draper’ and ‘Legacy’. Treatment applications were started at the early green fruit stage and were repeated three or four times, depending on duration of berry development and cultivar. Fruit were harvested into commercial clamshells 4 days to ≈4 weeks after the final application of Ca from an early harvest at commercial ripeness. Data collected included berry weight, rating of fruit appearance and flavor, firmness, skin toughness, total soluble solids (TSS), and weight loss and nesting (collapse of fruit) during storage (evaluated at ≈5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-days postharvest). Fruit and leaves were sampled at harvest to determine Ca concentration. There was no evidence of spotting or off-flavors due to Ca applications. Compared with the control, none of the Ca treatments or method of application changed leaf or fruit Ca concentration, fruit quality, firmness, or shelf life in any crop or cultivar tested.
Anaesthetic management of thoraco‐omphalopagus twins with congenital heart disease for separation surgery
Authors: Dogar Samie , Hamid Muhammad , Khan Ausaf , Shamim Faisal , Khan Fauzia
Published: April 2017

Conjoined twins' separation surgery poses challenges to anaesthetists due to the variable degree of cross circulation, difficulty in positioning, bleeding and limitations of space for sharing between two anaesthetic teams. We present the anaesthetic management for separation surgery of three‐months old conjoined twins. Both babies had congenital heart disease, with one baby hypertensive and commenced on enalpril pre‐operatively. A pre‐operative multi‐disciplinary meeting between all stake holders and a full environment simulation was performed and was helpful. The problems encountered included difficulty in percutaneous central venous line placement requiring surgical cut down and intra‐operative bleeding requiring vasopressor therapy and postoperative intensive care unit stay.
Assessment of Quantum Annealing for the Construction of Satisfiability Filters
Authors: Azinović Marlon , Herr Daniel , Heim Bettina , Brown Ethan , Troyer Matthias
Published: April 2017

Satisfiability filters are a new and promising type of filters for
set membership testing. In order to construct satisfiability filters, it
is necessary to find disparate solutions to hard random
kk-SAT
problems. This paper compares simulated annealing, simulated quantum
annealing and WalkSAT, an open-source SAT solver, in terms of their
ability to find such solutions. The results indicate that solutions
found by simulated quantum annealing are generally less disparate than
solutions found by the other solvers and therefore less useful for the
construction of satisfiability filters.
Diseño de un modelo de programación lineal para la planeación de producción en un cultivo de fresa, según factores costo/beneficio y capacidades productivas en un periodo temporal definido
Authors: Sánchez Pineda Daniel Enrique , Ramirez Torres Natalia Lizzeth
Published: April 2017

El sector hortifrutícola es considerado como una de las vías de ingreso de la población colombiana.  Actualmente el departamento de Cundinamarca se destaca como el mayor productor de fresa, con una participación del 63,4% en la producción nacional. La fresa, conocida en el ámbito científico como fragaria vesca, presenta alto consumo gracias a las cualidades de aroma, color y acidez que presenta. La planta de la fresa, se caracteriza por ser perenne, al formar nuevos tallos de forma constante. Un cultivo de fresa, presenta una duración promedio de dos años, seccionados en etapas de funcionamiento. Son escazas las metodologías, que permitan generar una planeación de la producción a nivel frutícola, teniendo en cuenta el comportamiento colombiano. Es por ello que el estudio desarrollado incluye una propuesta de diseño para la planeación de la producción de fresa; teniendo en cuenta factores de costo/beneficio en un cultivo; a partir de programación lineal. Se muestra la formulación matemática y una verificación teórica de su funcionamiento y se evidencia el modelo a nivel teórico es funcional, permitiendo establecer un sistema de verificación de capacidades productivas, de acuerdo a parámetros de entrada específicos.
Análisis preliminar de un servicio expreso derivado de la ruta P8 del Sistema Integrado de Transporte Masivo (SITM) Metrolínea en Bucaramanga
Authors: González-Jiménez Sergio Alonso , Hernández-Moreno Carlos Javier Leandro , Rueda-Sosa Daniel Eduardo
Published: April 2017

En este artículo se presenta un análisis preliminar para la implementación de un servicio expreso derivado de la ruta P8 del SITM Metrolínea en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga Colombia. Se revisaron los antecedentes referentes a metodologías adoptadas en servicios expresos o servicios de parada limitada, identificando factores influyentes para la efectiva implementación del servicio. Los datos que respaldan el análisis se han tomado de encuestas realizadas a los usuarios de la ruta en estudio y de observaciones efectuadas en paradas y estaciones del SITM, vehículos de la ruta y el corredor de la ruta. Se analizan las posibles modalidades de servicio expreso junto con la evaluación de las condiciones actuales de la ruta P8, del SITM y del área metropolitana. Se concluye que el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga y el SITM necesitan mejoras, primordialmente en infraestructura, para la efectiva implementación de un servicio expreso que cumpla con la demanda y necesidades de los usuarios.
Aplicación de los ejes de Schwartz como metodología de prospectiva tecnológica al modelo universitario-empresa en el contexto colombiano
Authors: Montoya Peláez Mauricio , Aguirre Alvarez Yenny Alejandra , Arango Palacio Isabel Cristina , Zuluaga Mazo Abdul
Published: April 2017

Han sido numerosos los trabajos generados desde la academia con el fin de evidenciar las relaciones existentes entre Empresa-Universidad-Gobierno. Este artículo pretende abordar la metodología de los Ejes de Schwartz como una de las estructuras más completas y acertadas que evidencia el modelo colaborativo existente entre estos tres actores. Para esta construcción se parte de una terminología clave, se determina el problema de investigación, luego se plantea el alcance con sus respectivos objetivos, después se realiza el desarrollo metodológico por medio de la aplicación de los ejes al contexto colombiano; para lo que se construye una lista del tema de estudio, definición del mapa con los ejes y futuros posibles, luego se analizan los resultados, y finalmente se generan conclusiones y recomendaciones. Como resultado principal de esta reflexión, se evidencia una fuerte tendencia en la transformación hacia una universidad empresarial, haciendo hincapié en la formación y la toma de riesgos, donde algunas empresas actúan incluso como universidades.
Analysis of mine water from four decommissioned pits in south-western Ghana – implications for remediation programmes for mine closure
Authors: Anim Frank , Nyankson Emmanuel , Nyame F. K.
Published: April 2017

Research into water quality status of accumulated water in decommissioned pits is a grey area in Ghana and could be of significant benefit in the effectiveness of remediation of pits after mining. Water sampled from four decommissioned pits in Amansie West District were analysed for their water quality status. Seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters for determining water quality were reported as well as their average values. In general, the ion concentrations varied from season to season but were within World Health Organization (WHO) maximum permissible limits (MPL) with the exception of boron. Similar observation was made for heavy metals/trace elements analysed, with the exception of As and Fe. Seasonal and average concentrations of As were higher than the WHO MPL. Similarly, the mid-season concentration of Fe recorded from a water sample collected from one pit was higher than WHO limits. Turbidity levels were significantly higher in two pits. The studies revealed that some parameters for water quality determination were above WHO acceptable limits for potable water, an indication that the effect of mining on water quality from water bodies investigated persisted after mine closure. Hence remediation programmes should be broadened to include effective reclamation of mine water accumulated in pits during mine closure.
A strategic framework for sustainable water resource management in small island nations: the case of Barbados
Authors: Emmanuel Kwame , Clayton Anthony
Published: April 2017

Physical scarcity of freshwater is often given as the reason for water shortages, but it is usually its management that can either create or resolve the problem. This will be illustrated by the case of Barbados. The water management issues are typical of many small island states, some of which are particularly vulnerable to water scarcity, especially in the context of climate change. Barbados experiences extended interruptions in the water supply, mainly in northern and eastern parishes. Supplies of freshwater are relatively sparse, but it will be argued that it is the policy regime that ensures that water is inefficiently supplied, allocated and used, and so is the primary cause of supply interruptions. The objectives of this paper are to establish a theoretical framework for sustainable water resource management and frame a strategy for Barbados which reconciles demand and supply of water while taking into account environmental, economic and social interests. The mixed methodology involved semi-structured interviews of policy makers and practitioners from the water, tourism, agriculture and planning sectors, as well as a household survey.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Pantoja Vencelau Jackson
Published: April 2017

O Brasil sempre foi exemplo no enfrentamento da AIDS, desempenhando o papel de protagonista no cenário internacional e recentemente, reafirmou seu compromisso pelo fim da epidemia até 2030, ao aderir às estratégias globais do Programa Conjunto das Nações Unidas sobre HIV/AIDS – UNAIDS e Organização Mundial da Saúde – OMS.
IMAGEM DO ENFERMEIRO SOB A ÓTICA DO ACADÊMICO DE ENFERMAGEM
Authors: Souza Rosimere Vieira , Alves Luanna Carolina , Barra Lorena Lobo Leite Bhering , Fernandes Luiza Marques , Salgado Patrícia De Oliveira , Viegas Selma Maria da Fonseca
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: conhecer a imagem do enfermeiro frente ao acadêmico de enfermagem. Metodologia: estudo de caso qualitativo fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva do Cotidiano, realizado com 26 participantes do 9º período de uma instituição de ensino superior. Os dados foram coletados por meio da entrevista individual e analisados segundo Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: a imagem se postula em um profissional essencial na área da saúde, que organiza o setor, gerencia ações, lidera a equipe, presta assistência aos pacientes e é referência para outros profissionais. Conclusão: a (des)valorização do profissional foi um dos aspectos na construção dessa imagem e na percepção positiva/negativa do acadêmico frente ao futuro na profissão.Descritores: Educação em Enfermagem, Imagem, Prática Profissional, Pessoal de Saúde, Enfermagem.IMAGE OF NURSE UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE NURSING ACADEMICObjective: to know the image of the nurse in front of the nursing academic. Methodology: a qualitative case study based on the Comprehensive Sociology of Daily Life, carried out with 26 participants from the 9th period of an institution of higher education. The datas were collected through the individual interview and analyzed according to the Thematic Content Analysis. Results: The image postulates itself in a essencial professional in the health area, which organizes the sector, manages actions, leads the team, provides assistance to patients and is a reference for other professionals. Conclusion: The (de) valuation of the professional was one of the aspects in the construction of this image and in the positive / negative perception of the academic towards the future in the profession.Descriptors: Education, Nursing, Image, Professional Practice, Health Personnel, NursingIMAGEN DE ENFERMERAS DE LA PERSPECTIVA DE ENFERMERIA ACADÉMICOObjetivo: conocer la imagen de la enfermera en el estudiante de enfermería. Metodología: estudio de caso cualitativo basado en la sociología comprensiva de la vida cotidiana, que se celebró con 26 participantes del noveno período de una institución de educación superior. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas individuales y se analizaron mediante análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: La imagen se postula un profesional esencial en el campo de la salud, que organiza el sector, gestiona las acciones, dirige el equipo, ayuda a los pacientes y es un punto de referencia para otros profesionales. Conclusión: La (des) valoración profesional fue uno de los aspectos de la construcción de la imagen y la percepción positiva / negativa frente académico del futuro en la profesión.Descriptores: Educación en Enfermería, Imagen, Práctica Profesional, Personal de Salud, Enfermería.
FAST HUG: UM ALIADO NA MANUTENÇÃO DIÁRIA DOS CUIDADOS DE ENFERMAGEM AO PACIENTE CRÍTICO
Authors: Santos Rebeca Ramos , Henrique Danielle De Mendonça , De Almeida Luana Ferreira , Penteado Maridalva De Souza , Pereira Sandra Regina Maciqueira , Santos Dayanne Pamela Da Silva
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: compreender se enfermeiros consideram relevante a utilização do Fast Hug (FH) na assistência ao paciente crítico. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, de abordagem quanti-qualitativa, realizado em uma UTI de um Hospital Universitário do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: das 17 enfermeiras participantes, 11 não conheciam o FH, 10 não haviam trabalhado em instituição que o utilize. O item profilaxia de trombose foi considerado o mais difícil de avaliar por 8 delas; a maioria (15) acreditou ser necessária sua implementação no setor, sendo sugeridas as seguintes estratégias: utilizá-lo na avaliação do paciente, passagem de plantão, checklist e visita multiprofissional. Conclusão: as enfermeiras demonstraram interesse em aplicar o FH, compreendendo sua relevância.Descritores: Terapia Intensiva, Checklist, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Segurança do Paciente.FAST HUG: AN ALLY IN THE DAILY MAINTAIANCE OF NURSING CARE FOR CRITICAL PATIENTSObjective: To understand if nurses consider the use of Fast Hug (FH) in the care of critically ill patients to be relevant. Methodology: a descriptive study, quantitative and qualitative research, carried out in the intensive care unit of a University Hospital of Rio de Janeiro. Results: 11 of the nurses did not know the FH, while 10 never worked in an institution that uses it. Thrombosis prophylaxis was considered the most difficult to assess (08); the majority 15 believe that it is necessary to apply in the sector, the following strategies are suggested: it is used in patient evaluation, shift changes, checklist, multidisciplinary visit. Conclusion: nurses showed interest in applying FH, understanding its relevance.Descriptors: Critical care, Checklist, Nursing care, Patient safety.FAST HUG: UN ALIADO EN EL MANTENIMIENTO DE LOS CUIDADOS DE ENFERMERÍA AL PACIENTE CRÍTICOObjetivo: Para entender si las enfermeiras consideran relevante la utilización Del Fast Hug (FH) em la asistencia a los pacientes en estado crítico. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, pesquisa cuantitativo-cualitativa, llevado a cabo em la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un Hospital Universitario de Río de Janeiro. Resultados: 11 de las enfermeras no conocía el FH, 10 nunca ha trabajado en una institución que lo utiliza. La profilaxis de latrombosis se considera el más difícil de evaluar (08); 15 cree que es necessária aplicación em el sector, se sugieren lãs siguientes estrategias: se utiliza em La evaluación del paciente, cambios de turno, checklist, visita multidisciplinaria. Conclusión: Las enfermeiras mostraron interes en aplicar el FH, compreendendo supertinencia.Descriptores: Cuidados críticos, Checklist, Atención de Enfermería, Seguridad del paciente.
ATUAÇÃO ÉTICA DO ENFERMEIRO FRENTE AOS ERROS DE MEDICAÇÃO
Authors: Mangilli Daniela Cavanholi , Assunção Maria Terezinha da , Zanini Maria Teresa Brasil , Dagostin Valdemira Santina , Soratto Maria Tereza
Published: April 2017

Objetivo: identificar a atuação ética do enfermeiro frente aos erros de medicação. Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória e de campo. Realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com 10 enfermeiros. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: a atuação ética do enfermeiro frente aos erros de medicação inclui a tomada de decisão em relação às intercorrências com o paciente; ações educativas com a equipe de enfermagem; registro do erro e aplicação de penalidades. Conclusão: considera-se imprescindível a educação permanente dos profissionais para a prevenção e redução de erros de medicamentos, possibilitando a segurança do paciente e qualificação do serviço.Descritores: Ética, Erros de medicação, Segurança do paciente, Enfermagem.ETHICAL ROLE NURSES FACE WITH MEDICATION ERRORSObjective: to identify the work ethics of nurse facing medication errors. Qualitative, descriptive, exploratory field research. Semi-structured interview was held with 10 nurses. Data analysis was carried out from the analysis of content. Results: the ethic of the nurse facing medication errors include decision-making in relation to complications with the patient; educational activities with the nursing staff; error log and the application of penalties. Conclusion: it is considered vital the permanent education of professionals for the prevention and reduction of medication errors, patient safety and service qualification.Descriptors: Ethics, Medication errors, Patient safety, Nursing.ENFERMERÍA ÉTICA FRENTE A LOS ERRORES DE MEDICACIÓNObjetivo: identificar la ética de trabajo de la enfermera frente a errores de medicación. Investigación cualitativa, descriptiva, exploratoria y campo. Entrevista semiestructurada se realizó con 10 enfermeras. Análisis de datos se llevó a cabo a partir del análisis de contenido. Resultados: la ética de la enfermera frente a errores de medicación incluyen la toma de decisiones en relación con las complicaciones con el paciente; actividades educativas con el personal de enfermería; registro de errores y la aplicación de sanciones. Conclusión: se considera imprencíndivel la formación permanente de profesionales para la prevención y reducción de errores de medicación, seguridad del paciente y calificación de servicio.Descriptores: Ética, Errores de Medicación, Seguridad del Paciente, Enfermería.
Comparison of Post-Operative Muscular Strength Between Gamma Nailing and Hemiarthroplasty System in Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Noda Mitsuaki , Saegusa Yasuhiro , Takahashi Masayasu , Noguchi Chisa , Yoshikawa Chihiro , Mikami Hiroshi , Gotouda Akira
Published: April 2017

Background:

The current study focuses on the comparison of postoperative muscular strength around the hip joint of patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated either by cephalo-medullary (CM) nailing or a new bipolar hip prosthesis (BHP), an especially attached device to secure displaced greater trochanteric fragment.

Methods:

Twenty patients treated with CM nailing were age- and sex- matched with a control group of 20 patients treated with BHP. Maximum isometric forces at the bilateral hip joint were measured during the follow up period. Means of 3 measurements were represented.

Results:

The mean and standard deviation values (kg) of muscle strength at the non-operative/ operative side in the CM nailing group were as follows: flexion strength 9.5±4.7/8.5±4.9 (P=0.06), extension strength 6.2±3.5/5.5±3.7 (P=0.08), abduction strength at 0 degrees 7.7±3.5/6.2±2.8 (p=0.002), abduction strength at 10 degrees 5.5±2.0/4.2±2.0 (p=0.001). In the BHP group, mean and standard deviation values of muscle strength at the non-operative/ operative side were as follows: flexion strength 6.5±2.8/6.0±3.4 (P=0.08), extension strength 4.4±0.9/4.4±0.6 (P=0.83), abduction strength at 0 degrees 5.1±1.9/5.0±1.6 (p=0.12), and that at 10 degrees 4.7±1.4/4.6±1.3 (p=0.10).

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrate that CM nailing may cause a 25-30% decrease in postoperative muscle strength around the hip joint, particularly during hip abduction. With the new BHP, greater trochanter reduction is achieved allowing early weight bearing and maintaining strength in abduction. Surgeons should consider postoperative muscular strength as one of the necessary factors for selection of the appropriate surgical procedure.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III.
A Functional MRI-Based Model for Individual Memory Assessment in Patients Eligible for Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection
Authors: Strandberg Maria , Mannfolk Peter , Stenberg Lars , Ljung Hanna , Rorsman Ia , Larsson Elna-Marie , van Westen Danielle , Källén Kristina
Published: April 2017

Title:

A functional (f) MRI-based model for individual memory assessment in patients eligible for temporal lobe resection.

Aim:

To investigate if pre-operative fMRI memory paradigms, add predictive information with regard to post-surgical memory deficits.

Methods:

Fourteen pharmacoresistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) patients accepted for Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection (ATLR) were included. A clinical risk assessment score (RAS 0-3) was constructed from structural MRI, neuropsychological testing and hemisphere dominance. fMRI lateralization indices (LIs) over frontal language and medial temporal regions were calculated. Predictive value from clinical risk scoring and added value from fMRI LIs were correlated to post-surgical memory change scores (significant decline -1 SD). Verbal memory outcome was classified either as expected (RAS 2-3 and post-operative decline; RAS 0-1 and intact post-operative verbal memory) or as unexpected (RAS 2-3 and intact post-operative verbal memory post-surgery; RAS 0-1 and post-operative decline).

Results:

RAS for verbal memory decline exhibited a specificity of 67% and a sensitivity of 75%. Significant correlations were found between frontal language LIs and post-operative verbal memory (r = -0.802; p = 0.017) for left (L) TLE and between medial temporal lobe LIs and visuospatial memory (r = 0.829; p = 0.021), as well as verbal memory (r = 0.714; p = 0.055) for right (R) TLE. Ten patients had expected outcome and four patients had an unexpected outcome. In two MRI-negative RTLE patients that suffered significant verbal memory decline post-operatively, fMRI identified bilateral language and right lateralized medial temporal verbal encoding. In two LTLE patients with MRI pathology and verbal memory dysfunction, neither RAS nor fMRI identified the risk for aggravated verbal memory decline following ATLR.

Conclusion:

fMRI visualization of temporal-frontal network activation may add value to the pre-surgical work-up in epilepsy patients eligible for ATLR. Frontal language patterns are important for prediction in both L and RTLE. Strong left lateralized language in LTLE, as well as bilateral language combined with right lateralized encoding in RTLE, seems to indicate an increased risk for post-operative verbal memory decline.
Microbiota of Vibrio sp. in the hepatopancreas of cultured white pacific shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Albuquerque C Renata , S Giselle Cristina , Lima A Rayza , RC Edirsana Maria , SFV Regine Helena
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of vibrios in the hepatopancreas of cultured shrimp. Materials and methods. Vibrios from the hepatopancreas of fifteen samples of five specimens each, of apparently healthy Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were isolated, identified and quantified. Results. The vibrio density ranged from 430 to 2,400 MPN g-1 (rs MPN cm-1=-0.114; rs MPN g-1 = 0.211). Thirty isolations were obtained, most of which belonged to the species V. cholerae (n=11) and V. parahaemolyticus (n=7). Conclusions. The outcomes of the present study suggest that, even in the absence of symptoms of vibriosis, the microbiota of the hepatopancreas of cultured shrimp may include sucrose positive and negative vibrios.
Valoración diagnóstica de enzimas hepáticas en perfiles bioquímicos sanguíneos de vacas lecheras
Authors: Noro Mirela , Cid T Pía , Wagemann F Catalina , Arnés V Verónica , Wittwer M Fernando
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la asociación, sensibilidad (Se) y especificidad (Es) de las enzimas glutamato deshidrogenasa (GDH, EC: 1.4.1.3), aspartato aminotransferasa (AST, EC: 2.6.1.1) y g-glutamil transpeptidasa (GGT, EC: 2.3.2.2) como indicadores de daño hepático en perfiles bioquímicos sanguíneos de vacas lecheras. Materiales y métodos. Se analizaron los valores de la actividad plasmática de GDH, AST y GGT, obtenidos de 1566 vacas correspondientes a 112 perfiles bioquímicos realizados en rebaños lecheros. Se determinó la asociación entre la actividad de las enzimas y el área bajo la curva (ABC) y la Se y la Es mediante curva ROC considerando la presencia de daño hepático cuando GDH>30 U/L o GGT>39 U/L. Resultados. La AST presentó mayor asociación con la GDH (r=0.55) que la GGT (r=0.44), así como una mayor ABC (p=0.01) al utilizar GDH>30 U/L para indicar daño hepático. El grado de asociación entre AST y GGT fue de r=0.42. La sensibilidad de la AST para detectar daño hepático, utilizando el punto de corte de referencia del laboratorio (>150 U/L), fue inferior que al emplear GGT (>39 U/L). El punto crítico de máxima Se y Es de la curva ROC para daño hepático se obtuvo con AST>110 U/L, valor que incrementó la concordancia diagnóstica con la GDH (Kappa >0.300), pero no con la GGT. Conclusiones. La actividad plasmática de AST en vacas lecheras se asocia mayormente con la de GDH que con la de GGT y su límite de referencia para predecir daño hepático correspondería a >110 U/L.
Analysis of mdr1-1Δ mutation of MDR1 gene in the “Cimarron Uruguayo” dog
Authors: Gagliardi B Rosa , García G Cristina , Llambí D Silvia , Arruga L María
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjective. The aim of this paper is to analyze the frequency of the mdr1-1D mutation of the MDR1 gene in a dog sample of the Uruguayan Cimarron breed with the objective of increasing the knowledge of this breed’s genome. Materials and methods. Thirty-six animals of this breed were analyzed. The MDR1 gene region, which includes the location where the mutation would be present, was amplified by PCR. Results. The mutation was not detected in any of the analyzed Uruguayan Cimarron. Conclusions. The lack of described ivermectin intoxication cases in veterinary clinic in this breed is explained by the lack of the mutation object of this study. The sequence studied in Cimarron dogs is kept compared to other breeds, except Collies and related breeds (Border Collie, Bearded Collie, Old English sheepdog).
Lesiones en órganos de cerdos posdestete, inducidas por el lipopolisacárido de E. coli
Authors: Gutiérrez V Cristian , López H Albeiro , Parra S Jaime
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la ingestión de varios niveles de Lipopolisacárido (LPS) de E. coli sobre las manifestaciones clínicas y lesiones en órganos de cerdos recién destetados. Materiales y métodos. El trabajo de campo se realizó en el Centro San Pablo, perteneciente a la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. El estudio se realizó con 52 cerdos destetados (6.5±0.5 kg) a los 21 días de edad. Los animales fueron alimentados durante 10 días con una dieta basal compuesta de leche y algunos de sus derivados, adicionada con cuatro niveles de LPS (0, 0.3, 0.5 y 1.0 μg/ml de alimento). Los cerdos se sacrificaron escalonadamente los días 1, 5, 7 y 10 posdestete y se tomaron muestras de intestino delgado, estómago, hígado, páncreas, corazón, pulmón, riñón y bazo. El monitoreo clínico y paraclínico se realizó diariamente durante la investigación. Para determinar la ganancia de peso, los animales fueron pesados el día del destete y el día del sacrificio. Resultados. Hubo diferencia (p<0.01) en las variables peso de los órganos y ganancia de peso, donde los animales que consumieron el mayor nivel de LPS presentaron los menores valores, llegando a su mínimo nivel el día 10 posdestete. Las variables presentación de: lesiones macroscópicas, diarreas, y temperatura rectal, aumentaron con el nivel de inclusión de LPS en la dieta, llegando a su máximo nivel el día 10 posdestete (p<0.01). Conclusiones. El LPS de E. coli provoca la inhibición del crecimiento corporal y de los órganos en estudio y una alta incidencia de diarreas
Evaluación del perfil metabólico lipídico en cerdas gestantes y su relación con la nutrición fetal
Authors: Duque G Pamela , Campos G Rómulo , López G Arnobio
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Evaluar el metabolismo lipídico de cerdas gestantes como respuesta a la modificación del nivel graso de la dieta y su efecto sobre la nutrición fetal a través de indicadores metabólicos. Materiales y métodos. Cincuenta y seis cerdas gestantes primíparas o multíparas se seleccionaron para suministrarles una dieta sin adición de grasa extra (SAp o SAm) o con adición de grasa extra (AGp o AGm). La dieta SA consistió en suministrar 3 kg/día de una dieta comercial convencional, en la dieta AG se redujo el maíz y se incluyó aceite de soya para proporcionar 20% de grasa extra. Las muestras sanguíneas se colectaron a los 85, 100, 113 días de gestación y a las 24 horas posparto, asimismo, al 50% de los lechones nacidos vivos de cada camada. Se analizaron concentraciones séricas de colesterol (CT), triglicéridos (TG), lipoproteínas de alta (HDL) y baja densidad (LDL), ácidos grasos no esterificados (NEFA) y betahidroxibutirato (BHB). Resultados. Las concentraciones séricas de HDL, LDL, CT, NEFA, BHB y TG, (p<0.01) aumentaron tanto en las cerdas primíparas como multíparas al día 100 y 113, pero disminuyeron a las 24 horas posparto. Los metabolitos sanguíneos en los lechones bajo la influencia de los dos tratamientos presentaron diferencias significativas (p<0.01). Conclusiones. No se encontró efecto de la modificación de la grasa en la dieta sobre LDL y NEFA; para los restantes indicadores se presentó diferencia en las cerdas en gestación. No se encontró correlación entre los indicadores metabólicos de las madres y los lechones.
Leptospirosis porcina: prevalencia serológica en establecimientos productores de la República Argentina
Authors: Petrakovsky M Jessica , Tinao Julio , Esteves M Jorge
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Detectar la presencia de anticuerpos contra Leptospira sp en cerdos que no presentaban sintomatología clínica, pertenecientes a establecimientos de producción porcina ubicados en todo el territorio de la República Argentina. Materiales y métodos. La asignación de predios y muestras se realizó en forma proporcional a los registrados en cada provincia a lo largo de todo el país. En total se estudiaron 1.524 predios, de los cuales se tomaron 19.872 muestras de suero y en la primera etapa se procesaron 3.631 de los mismos. Este estudio toma en consideración zonas identificadas por provincia, municipio y predios. Los sueros fueron analizados por la técnica de MAT (prueba de microaglutinación). Resultados. El 30% de las muestras resultaron positivas a la prueba tamiz empleada (primera etapa del MAT). La mayoría presentó coaglutininas a dos o a tres serovariedades. Al realizar la titulación de los sueros (segunda etapa del MAT), el porcentaje de positividad se mantuvo, siendo los serovares de mayor prevalencia Castellonis e Icterohaemorrhagiae. El 90% de las muestras presentó un título final de 1:200. Conclusiones. La existencia de sueros positivos en todas las provincias indica el contacto de los animales con la leptospira a lo largo de todo el país.
Estructura genética poblacional del gen lactoferrina bovino en vacas Holstein del departamento de Antioquia
Authors: Rodríguez C Nancy , López H Albeiro , Echeverri Z Julián
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Estimar algunos parámetros de estructura poblacional en una población Holstein del departamento de Antioquia. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó con 427 vacas de la raza Holstein pertenecientes a 5 municipios del departamento de Antioquia. La genotipificación se llevó a cabo usando la técnica de PCR-PFLPs. La Heterocigocidad observada (Ho) y Heterocigocidad esperada (He), la prueba de Hardy-Weinberg (HW) y la estructura y diferenciación genética entre las poblaciones se calculó mediante los parámetros F de Wright, evaluados mediante el software GENEPOP. Las frecuencias alélicas y genotípicas se evaluaron con el método descrito por Hartl. Resultados. Las frecuencias genotípicas encontradas fueron 0.61, 0.34 y 0.05 para los genotipos AA, AB y BB respectivamente y las frecuencias de los alelos fueron 0.78 y 0.22 para A y B, encontrándose la población en equilibrio de HW. La heterocigocidad fue media entre poblaciones (Ho=0.368). Los valores FIS, FST y FIT de la población total fueron -0.0717, 0.0099 y -0.0611. Conclusiones. No fue posible asumir endogamia, ni exogamia en los municipios analizados, exceptuando el municipio de San Pedro de los Milagros, en cuyo caso se percibe de manera más fuerte el efecto del mejoramiento genético y la disminución de la heterocigocidad.
Micorrizas arbusculares asociadas al pasto angleton (Dichathium aristatum Benth) en fincas ganaderas del municipio de Tolú, Sucre-Colombia
Authors: Pérez C Alexander , Peroza C Víctor
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. El presente estudio consistió en caracterizar el porcentaje de colonización de hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares (HMA); asociados a la rizósfera del pasto Angleton (Dichanthium aristatum) Benth de fincas ganaderas del municipio de Tolú, departamento de Sucre, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se muestrearon en total 35 fincas ganaderas, de las cuales se tomaron 10 muestras de suelo con raíces por finca a una profundidad de 20 cm. De cada muestra se aislaron esporas de HMA, se hizo separación de morfotipos y su respectiva identificación a través de claves taxonómicas. De las raíces colectadas se determinó el porcentaje de colonización utilizando métodos de coloración. Resultados. Los ANAVA multifactorial entre las variables densidad de esporas/100 g de suelo y porcentaje de colonización en función a zonas y corregimiento mostraron diferencias altamente significativas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el 92% de las especies encontradas corresponden a características de hongos HMA similares al género Glomus, el 4% al género Gigaspora y el 4% restante a Paraglomus. Conclusiones. Este estudio preliminar realizado en el Caribe colombiano muestra la diversidad, densidad poblacional y el porcentaje de colonización de HMA asociadas al pasto Angleton en condiciones de siete corregimientos pertenecientes a dos zonas agrológicas del municipio de Tolú, departamento de Sucre.
Especies promisorias para el ecoturismo en “Campo Aventura Roca Madre”, Toluviejo-Sucre, Colombia
Authors: Sampedro-M Alcides , Álvarez-P Angel , Domínguez Luz M. , Herrera-M Ivonne
Published: April 2017

RESUMENObjetivo. Determinar las especies de flora y fauna más importantes para el desarrollo del ecoturismo, en una localidad del departamento de Sucre, Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un listado de las especies de flora y fauna observadas en el sendero ecológico de un centro de ecoturismo en Toluviejo, Sucre y se calculó su abundancia, importancia económica, estado de conservación y adaptaciones, que fueron evaluadas mediante un índice de importancia potencial para el ecoturismo, que suma los valores que se asignan a las variables consideradas de interés. Resultados. Se detectaron 18 especies promisorias de fauna, de 91 especies observadas y 16 especies vegetales de 53 observadas. Los animales de mayor potencial ecoturístico resultantes, fueron: Dendrobates truncatus y Saguinus oedipus, especies endémicas de Colombia, seguidas por Basiliscus basiliscus, Atta sp., Morpho peleides, Lycorea halia y Ara ararauna; todas estas con una alta abundancia y fácil detección. Dentro de las plantas, Anacardium excelsum obtuvo el mayor índice de importancia, como resultado de su endemismo y sus adaptaciones. Las especies Piper auritum, Matayba escrobiculata, Tabernaemontana cymosa y la comúnmente conocida como jazmín de monte, fueron fácilmente detectables y abundantes, además Brownea ariza y Tabebuia rosea resultaron las más representativas por la belleza de sus flores. Conclusiones. Se determinaron las especies que pueden ser de interés para los ecoturistas y esto hace posible mejorar el producto que se oferta a partir de profundizar en su conocimiento.
PAN-Immobilized PVC-NPOE Membrane for Environmentally Friendly Sensing of Cd(II) Ions
Authors: Moersilah Moersilah , Siswanta Dwi , Roto Roto , Mudasir Mudasir
Published: April 2017

A simple, cheap and environmentally friendly analytical method of Cd(II) in the aqueous system has been developed by immobilization of 1-(2-pyridilazo)-2-naphtol (PAN) in poly vinyl chloride (PVC) matrix and nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizer. Upon contact with Cd(II) in solution, the color of sensor membrane changes from dark yellow to dark red, which is due to the formation of Cd(II)–PAN complex. The best sensing results were obtained at pH 8.0 and λmax 558 nm. The dimension of the proposed sensor membrane was 0.8 cm x 2 cm with a thickness of 0.05 mm, the volume of sample was 2 mL with the Cd(II) concentration range of  0 – 1.2 ppm. The limit of detection of the method was found to be 0.432 + 0.104 ppm, which was reversible. The proposed methods have been applied in the determination of Cd(II) in water samples after addition of internal standard.
A Rapid and Simple High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination of Levofloxacin in Human Plasma
Authors: Notario Dion , Martono Sudibyo , Ikawati Zullies , Hakim Arief Rahman , Jannah Fathul , Lukitaningsih Endang
Published: April 2017

A simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for quantifying LEV in human plasma. Chromatographic separation was performed under isocratic elution on a Luna Phenomenex® C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column. The mobile phase was comprised of acetonitrile, methanol, and phosphate buffer 25 mM pH 3.0 (13:7:80 v/v/v) and pumped at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. Detection was performed by UV detector at a wavelength of 280 nm. Samples were pre-treated with acetonitrile followed by centrifugation, evaporation, and reconstitution step. The method proved linear (r = 0.995), sensitive (LLOQ and LOD was 1.8 and 0.6 µg/mL respectively), accurate (% error above LLOQ ≤ 12% and LLOQ ≤ 20%), precise (RSD ≤ 9%), robust in the ranges of 1.8-28.8 µg/mL, rapid (separation time not more than 10 min), and simple (use no organic additive in mobile phase). The method was showed reliable for quantifying LEV in human plasma.