bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wash-In Silver Nanoparticle Laundry Additive Was Not Effective in Reducing Bacterial Load on Wrestling Apparel
Authors: Karcher Suzanne C. , Bearer Alexander , Fletcher Madisen P. , Young Linda Mull , Beaschler Ronald , Motz Vicki Abrams
Published: June 2024

Context

The best practice for cleaning wrestling mats is using a residual disinfectant with continued antibacterial action. Recently available wash-in silver additives claim to confer a residual effect to fabric.

Objective

To test the efficacy of laundering with a wash-in silver additive in reducing athletes’ exposure to potentially infectious microbes on apparel.

Design

A 4-part controlled laboratory study/parallel group comparison study. (1) To test whether fabrics in athletic clothing would be affected differently, we applied bacteria to control fabrics washed in detergent alone and test counterparts washed in detergent plus wash-in silver additive. Bacteria were applied to fabrics, extracted, plated, incubated, and counted. (2) To see if wash-in silver affected various bacteria differently, we washed cotton t-shirts with detergent alone or with detergent plus wash-in silver. We applied 4 bacterial species commonly found in the wrestling environment. Bacteria were extracted, plated, incubated, and counted. (3) To see if wash-in silver was effective in reducing bacterial contamination during practice, 32 collegiate wrestlers paired off with one wearing a test silver-treated t-shirt and their partner wearing a control shirt. Wrestler rotations exposed shirts to 2, 4, or 8 wrestlers. Identical swatches of fabric were cut from the t-shirts. Bacteria were extracted, plated, incubated, and counted. (4) We simulated prolonged/repeated bacterial exposure as occurs during tournaments by applying bacteria directly to silver-treated and untreated singlet material repeatedly over time. Test samples were taken at regular intervals to see if bacterial growth was inhibited by the presence of the silver nanoparticles. Bacteria were extracted, plated, incubated, and counted.

Setting

Laboratory and practice.

Participants

Collegiate Division III wrestling team.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Wash-in silver would be considered effective if a statistically significant reduction in bacterial count was observed at 95% confidence.

Results

Wash-in silver reduced bacterial growth at low levels of contamination but did not significantly reduce bacterial growth at levels seen during contact sport competitions. This was true for all bacterial species and all fabrics tested.

Conclusions

The environmental and potential health risks in using a wash-in silver nanoparticle laundry additive in the wash cycle for clothing worn by wrestlers outweigh any potential infection control benefits to these athletes. We do not currently recommend adopting wash-in silver treatment as part of the laundering regimen for wrestling programs until further testing of alternate methods of silver impregnation into sports fabrics has been investigated.
Inclusivity in youth ministry praxis and the challenge of mainline church attrition
Authors: Droege Michael W. , Nel Malan
Published: June 2024

Despite a century of professional development in youth ministry, the American church continues to face generational attrition. This article explores this paradox, employing practical theology to scrutinise the historical praxis and philosophies shaping 20th-century youth ministry. I have taken Nel’s work on inclusive missional ecclesiology as my basic point of departure, analysing four interconnected ‘texts’: Ecclesiological perspective, a historical review of youth ministry evolution, adolescents’ developmental locus within congregations, and a qualitative study featuring interviews with members from seven American churches involved in youth ministry. The investigation highlights the necessity for a paradigm shift in youth ministry from an exclusive programme to a more inclusive missional approach. It urges recognising adolescents as equals in congregational life, fostering an environment that not only retains but also nurtures them as indispensable community members. By adhering to this reformed vision, the church can address the persistent crisis of generational attrition effectively, encouraging the collaborative growth of the American church with the active participation of its adolescent members. It suggests a path forward that sees youth not as future church, but active contributors to the contemporary church ecosystem.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This research guides churches in considering the theological, sociological, and developmental implications of adolescent inclusion through the lens of missional ecclesiology, suggesting adolescent inclusion is critical to contextual missional praxis.
Evaluation of physical fitness in Indian children by EUROFIT test battery
Authors: Yadav Sashi Bala , Sathe Prachi Khandekar , Karotiya Purnima , Sathe Abhinav , Kumar D. Vijay
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Physical activity is a key component in maintaining and improving health, including physical, mental, and emotional health. Fitness tests are usually assessed in laboratories or on field. Field tests, as compared to laboratory tests, are widely used for their lower costs, and less time of administration. The EUROFIT test battery is a reliable field test for assessing fitness in children.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate physical fitness through flexibility, agility, speed, balance, endurance, and strength tests using the EUROFIT test battery in children involved in sporting activities and those who are not regularly involved.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out on 40 kids of primary class from a school in Kolkata, attending sports classes and general studies. For the sports category, we included children who were engaged in outdoor sports, whereas nonsports group comprised kids who did not participate in regular outdoor sports activities. Anthropometric measurement and the physical fitness tests were executed in a definite order and a comparative study was done between sports and nonsports groups.

Results:

Students having sports backgrounds performed significantly (P < 0.05) better than nonsports in five out of nine assessed parameters of the EUROFIT Test Battery.

Conclusion:

The result of the study showed better results in all tested variables in sports group children than nonsports participants. Our study provides valuable fitness data for children, which has utility for health and fitness screening, profiling, monitoring, and surveillance.
Evaluation of gunshot injuries to long bones from pneumatic weapons using a human thigh model. Part I. Introduction and assumptions. Discussion of shot ballistics. Human thigh model = Ocena uszkodzeń postrzałowych kości długich z broni pneumatycznej z wykorzystaniem modelu uda ludzkiego. Część I. Wstęp i założenia. Omówienie balistyki śrutów. Model uda ludzkiego
Authors: Wilk Mateusz , Chowaniec Elżbieta , Chowaniec Małgorzata , Chowaniec Czesław
Published: June 2024

Introduction. In accordance with the Polish law, pneumatic weapons are weapons that use compressed gas to set a bullet in motion and generate a discharge energy of more than 17J. In recent years, Poland has seen an increase in crimes committed with pneumatic weapons. The research aim of the present study was to measure the velocity of selected 5.5 mm and 6.35 mm caliber shot and to create a model of a human thigh using a pig femur.

Material and methods. This study used Air Arms Hi-Power Xtra FAC cal. 5.5 mm and FX Bobcat Mk II cal. 6.35 mm carbines and Haendler& Natterman’s Spitzkugel, Hollow Point and Baracuda cal. 5.5 mm and 6.35 mm lead shot and Excite Apollo cal. 5.5 mm and Black Max Lead-Free cal. 6.35 mm lead-free shot. The velocity of the shot at a distance of 10 m was measured and its kinetic energy was calculated; pig femurs were measured and CT imaging was performed.

Results. The 5.5mm caliber shot reached velocities between 253 m/s and 278 m/s, obtaining energies between 27J and 44J. The 6.35 mm cal. shot reached velocities between 242 m/s and 254 m/s and energies between 52J and 59J. Pig femurs had an average weight of 410 g, a length of 239 mm, and a shaft diameter at mid-length of 30.6mm. The thickness of pig femur shaft walls was variable. A ballistic model of the human thigh was created using gelatin available in Poland.

Conclusions:
1. The number of registered crimes with pneumatic weapons and the wide access to pneumatic devices with the possibility of design modifications justify the initiation of experimental studies on the assessment of gunshot injuries from pneumatic weapons.
2. The parameters of the shaft of a pig femur obtained from pigs weighing about 115 kg are similar to those of a human adult femur, which makes it possible to create a human thigh model.
3. Of the 5.5 mm cal. shot, the highest impact energies were generated by barracuda type shot, and of the 6.35 mm cal. shot, it was barracuda type and lead-free shot.
4. The thickness of the bony layer of the pig femur shaft is heterogeneous; the posterior wall of the shaft is the thickest, the lateral wall is the thinnest; however, it shows the greatest individual variability.
Artificial intelligence in forensic medicine and related sciences – selected issues = Sztuczna inteligencja w medycynie sądowej i naukach pokrewnych – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Szeremeta Michał , Janica Julia , Niemcunowicz-Janica Anna
Published: June 2024

Aim. The aim of the work is to provide an overview of the potential application of artificial intelligence in forensic medicine and related sciences, and to identify concerns related to providing medico-legal opinions and legal liability in cases in which possible harm in terms of diagnosis and/or treatment is likely to occur when using an advanced system of computer-based information processing and analysis.

Materials and methods. The material for the study comprised scientific literature related to the issue of artificial intelligence in forensic medicine and related sciences. For this purpose, Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched. To identify useful articles, such terms as „artificial intelligence,” „deep learning,” „machine learning,” „forensic medicine,” „legal medicine,” „forensic pathology” and „medicine” were used. In some cases, articles were identified based on the semantic proximity of the introduced terms.

Conclusions. Dynamic development of the computing power and the ability of artificial intelligence to analyze vast data volumes made it possible to transfer artificial intelligence methods to forensic medicine and related sciences. Artificial intelligence has numerous applications in forensic medicine and related sciences and can be helpful in thanatology, forensic traumatology, post-mortem identification examinations, as well as post-mortem microscopic and toxicological diagnostics. Analyzing the legal and medico-legal aspects, artificial intelligence in medicine should be treated as an auxiliary tool, whereas the final diagnostic and therapeutic decisions and the extent to which they are implemented should be the responsibility of humans.
NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS TO THE STOCHASTIC SYSTEMS WITH FRACTIONAL OPERATORS
Authors: Akınlar Mehmet Ali
Published: June 2024

Fractional-stochastic differential equations are widely used tools to simulate a wide - range of engineering and scientific phenomena. In this paper, the applicability of the approach of indeterminate coefficients to various fractional-stochastic models is examined. These models have a fractional white noise term and are mostly produced by fractional-order derivative operators. We also investigate applications of a polynomial chaos algorithm to stochastic Lotka-Volterra and Benney systems. Fractional-stochastic equations are entirely novel systems that have the potential to function as models for a wide range of scientific and engineering phenomena. It is noted that fractional-order systems with uncertainty or a noise term can benefit from the effective use of Galerkin-type approaches in this article.
Pentingnya Badan Intelijen Pertahanan dalam Non-Combat Military Mission: Instrumen Perhatian Khusus untuk Peningkatan Kapasitas dan Kapabilitas Pertahanan
Authors: Arbani Muhammad
Published: June 2024

This research will focus on the importance of Defense Intelligence Agencies in Non-Combat Military Missions. This research method will use a qualitative approach with case studies to explore the importance of the Defense Intelligence Agency in Non-Combat Military Missions. The data will be collected through in-depth interviews with defense experts, intelligence analysts, and military personnel involved in non-combat missions, as well as through analysis of related documents and official reports. As a result, Military Intelligence has a vital role to play in defense policymaking by providing information to anticipate and confront potential threats, enabling comprehensive threat assessment, and supporting defense diplomacy with accurate intelligence. The establishment of the Defense Intelligence Agency under the Secretary of Defense was proposed because it could coordinate intelligence with military operations, speed up decision-making, and support non-combat missions with strategic intelligence. The agency also strengthens Indonesia's defense diplomacy by providing information for strategic planning and supporting collaboration with the local defense industry, which contributes to enhanced national defense capabilities and economic growth. To be effective, the intelligence function of the Defense Intelligence Agency must synergize with the existing intelligence community, to support Indonesia's mission to become an Asian Tiger.
ANALYSIS OF CONDITIONS PROMOTING TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN AN GIANG PROVINCE IN REGIONAL LINKAGES
Authors: Chau To Minh , Anh Bui Hoang
Published: June 2024

This study was conducted in An Giang province, Vietnam, to analyze factors affecting tourism development in An Giang province in regional linkages, including geographical location, tourism resources, infrastructure, tourism development policies, and safety and security in tourism. The study uses methods of synthesizing documents and comparative statistics to find conditions that promote tourism development in An Giang province. The factor analysis results show the advantages and disadvantages, from which there are reasonable solutions to develop tourism in An Giang province in regional linkages.
 

 Article visualizations:
UMA NARRATIVA SÓCIO-HISTÓRICA SOBRE A FLEXIBILIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO NO BRASIL: trabalho em transformação
Authors: Camargo Larissa Fernandes , Ferreira Thais da Silva , Jacob Ivan Lucon Monteiro
Published: June 2024

A flexibilização global, concomitante às transformações paradigmáticas no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, sob o influxo do avanço tecnológico e em sintonia com as premissas do neoliberalismo, potencializa a precarização e o fenômeno do subemprego. Neste cenário, emerge como objetivo deste estudo a análise dos impactos socioeconômicos e sociais decorrentes da precarização e informalização do trabalho contemporâneo, fundamentada por meio da análise através dos postulados do materialismo histórico. A presente investigação, caracterizada como uma revisão narrativa da literatura, de caráter qualitativo, possibilitou a abrangência de obras recuperadas por meio dos bancos de dados Google Acadêmico e Scielo com a utilização dos descritores alienação do trabalho, flexibilização e precarização do trabalho. Conclui-se, mediante a contextualização literária, que tais aspectos de mudança no contexto laboral exercem um impacto considerável na tessitura social, traduzindo-se em uma persistente alienação do trabalho e na instauração da denominada “uberização,” cujas consequências reverberam na precarização das condições laborais, impactando adversamente a saúde física, mental e a dignidade da classe trabalhadora.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Boaes Giovanni
Published: June 2024

Este editorial tem como objetivo apresentar o número 32 da revista, destacando tanto algumas circunstâncias do processo editorial quanto os textos que compõem o corpus desta edição.  Esta apresentação pretende situar os leitores no contexto editorial e motivá-los à leitura.
Gestión de residuos sólidos y la sostenibilidad ambiental en Lambayeque
Authors: Vidarte Domingo Jorge Luis Davila , Castañeda Nelson Enrique Huangal , Uceda Héctor Augusto Gamarra , Morales Roger Antonio Anaya , Bravo Wesley Amado Salazar
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo hace parte de la revisión documental acerca de la gestión de los residuos sólidos y la sostenibilidad ambiental en Lambayeque. El objetivo general, analizar la gestión de los residuos sólidos y la sostenibilidad ambiental en Lambayeque. Es un gran desafio para las autoridades y requiere también la participación activa de la comunidad. En el diálogo virtual: “Avances, desafíos y prioridades en la agenda ambiental y de gestión de riesgos de desastres en la región Lambayeque 2022- 2026”, organizado por La Mesa de Concertación de Lambayeque, se identificaron los principales desafíos que Lambayeque tiene que enfrentar en los próximos 4 años. El objetivo específico, determinar las estrategias para mejorar la gestión de los residuos sólidos y la sostenibilidad ambiental en Lambayeque. Es necesario un mayor financiamiento, capacitar al personal, realizar programas sostenibles de sensibilización y de cultura ambiental, apoyar la creación de un centro piloto municipal de acopio de residuos y un programa de formalización de recicladores. Además, un mayor apoyo y orientación por parte del Ministerio del Ambiente - MINAM y mejorar la buena gestión y manejo de los residuos de la actividad constructiva. Metodología, en la presente investigación se han seleccionado 33 documentos, realizados en el periodo 2018 - 2024; incluyendo: artículos científicos, artículos de revisión e información de sitios web de organizaciones reconocidas. Las palabras claves utilizadas en las búsquedas fueron: Gestión de residuos sólidos, sostenibilidad ambiental y Lambayeque. Resultados, para mejorar la gestión de los residuos sólidos y la sostenibilidad ambiental en Lambayeque es necesario un mayor financiamiento, capacitar al personal, realizar programas sostenibles de sensibilización y de cultura ambiental, apoyar la creación de un centro piloto municipal de acopio de residuos y un programa de formalización de recicladores. Conclusiones, es un gran desafio para las autoridades y requiere también la participación activa de la comunidad. En el diálogo virtual: “Avances, desafíos y prioridades en la agenda ambiental y de gestión de riesgos de desastres en la región Lambayeque 2022- 2026”, organizado por La Mesa de Concertación de Lambayeque, se identificaron los principales desafíos que Lambayeque tiene que enfrentar en los próximos 4 años. Es necesario un mayor financiamiento, capacitar al personal, realizar programas sostenibles de sensibilización y de cultura ambiental, apoyar la creación de un centro piloto municipal de acopio de residuos y un programa de formalización de recicladores. Además, un mayor apoyo y orientación por parte del Ministerio del Ambiente - MINAM y mejorar la buena gestión y manejo de los residuos de la actividad constructiva.
Meningkatkan Efektivitas Manajemen Sekolah dalam Penerapan Pendidikan Inklusif di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Kinanthi Tsabita Khansa , Wardani Dira Kusuma , Sarie Amalya Cantika , Marini Arita
Published: June 2024

Pendidikan inklusif bertujuan untuk memberikan kesempatan belajar yang setara bagi semua siswa, termasuk mereka yang memiliki kebutuhan khusus. Peningkatan efektivitas pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar memerlukan dukungan yang kuat dari manajemen sekolah. Melalui pelatihan guru, penyediaan fasilitas yang memadai, dan dukungan khusus bagi siswa, pendidikan inklusif dapat diimplementasikan dengan lebih baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka, mengumpulkan data melalui pembacaan literatur atau sumber tertulis seperti buku, jurnal, artikel, dan penelitian terdahulu. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa peran manajemen sekolah sangat penting dalam mengatasi tantangan implementasi dan meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan inklusif. Kolaborasi yang baik antara berbagai pihak dapat membantu mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan dan menciptakan masyarakat yang lebih inklusif.
Analysis of the Determining Factors of Generation Z's Interest in Working in the Agricultural Sector In Bima Regency
Authors:   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Mataram, Indonesia, Awaludin Muhammad , Maryam ST ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Mataram, Indonesia, Fadliyanti Luluk ,   Faculty of Economic and Business, University of Mataram, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of the high interest of generation Z in Bima Regency in choosing to work in the agricultural sector. This research aims to analyze the influence of various factors, such as family economic conditions, environment, personality, motivation, and farming experience, on Generation Z's interest in choosing to work in the agricultural sector in the Bima Regency area. The type of research used is quantitative-descriptive. The population is generation Z, aged 15–24 years, who work as farmers or in the agricultural sector in six sub-districts in Bima Regency, namely Lambu, Monta, Wera, Langgudu, Belo, and Sape, with a total sample of 322 respondents. Primary data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation using questionnaire instruments and Google Forms. The data analysis was carried out using the multiple linear regression method. The results of the analysis show that partially family economic factors, environment, personality, motivation, and farming experience have a positive and significant effect on generation Z's interest in working in the agricultural sector in Bima Regency. Meanwhile, simultaneously, family economic variables, environment, personality, motivation, and farming experience have a positive and significant effect on generation Z's interest in working in the agricultural sector in Bima Regency.
Influence of Performance Appraisal Practices on Employee Performance in Kenya, A Case of Eldowas in Gishu County
Authors:   ., Wanjiru Mercy , Odenyo Dr. Mary ,   .
Published: June 2024

Representative execution is basic for a firm to support its monetary reasonability in the present business climate. Each association's prosperity is to a not set in stone by the efficiency of its representatives. Subsequently, expanding representative efficiency has arisen as a basic issue for the achievement and supportability of endeavors. The objectives of this study were: to determine the influence of evaluation to assess the influence of management by objective to establish the influence of performance appraisal and to evaluate the influence of 360 degree appraisal on employee performance at Eldoret Water and Sanitation Company. This study would be significant to the management of Eldoret Water and Sanitation Company as it will aid them in decision making and policy formulation, further, the findings also would be beneficial to both current and future researchers as it will act as reference point and literature review. The study was guided by goal setting, management by objective and expectancy theories. This study's target population was 405 workers. The sample size of the study was 121 workers who were picked by the use of random sampling technique. The gathered data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation, and percentages as well as inferential statistics which included multiple linear regression. Tables were used to present the analyzed data. The study found that evaluation methods had significant positive relationship with employee performance, as indicated by a coefficient of .474, similarly, management by objective was found to have a positive impact on employee performance, with a coefficient of .401. The study concluded that evaluation methods had positive perception among respondents towards performance evaluation. Lastly, the study recommended that ELDOWAS should continue in utilizing performance evaluation as a valuable tool for identifying areas of improvement and setting clear performance expectations.
Análisis de la Mortalidad Materna Asociada a COVID-19 en Gestantes: Impacto Demográfico y Clínico en el Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia
Authors:   Universidad del Sinu Elías Bechara Zainúm. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Montería. Córdoba. Colombia, Vidal Avilez Julia Susana
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Analizar la Mortalidad Materna Asociada a COVID-19 en Gestantes y establecer el impacto Demográfico y Clínico en el Departamento de Córdoba, Colombia 2021. Método: Estudio descriptivo y correlacional-analítico con un enfoque cuantitativo, transversal y retrospectivo, enfocado en la mortalidad materna por COVID-19 en Córdoba, Colombia, durante 2021. Se utiliza datos del Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, seleccionando gestantes diagnosticadas con COVID-19 y excluyendo aquellas con otras patologías.
Optimización de la Comunicación entre Cirujanos e Instrumentadores Quirúrgicos para la Seguridad del Paciente: Evidencia y Perspectivas
Authors:   Programa de Instrumentación Quirúrgica. Facultad Ciencias de la Salud. Universidad Libre. Barranquilla, Colombia, Díaz-Pérez Anderson
Published: June 2024

Introducción: La comunicación efectiva entre profesionales de la salud es crucial para la seguridad del paciente en entornos quirúrgicos. La OMS y el Ministerio de Salud enfatizan su importancia como una meta internacional para mejorar la calidad de la atención. Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de la comunicación efectiva entre Cirujanos e Instrumentadores (a) Quirúrgicos (a) sobre la seguridad y los resultados del paciente en el entorno quirúrgico, identificando estrategias de mejora basadas en la evidencia.
Infiltración incisional con ketamina o bupivacaína para la analgesia pos cesárea segmentaria
Authors:   Especialidad en Anestesiología. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad del Zulia., Atencio Pérez Marigladys
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Comparar la efectividad analgésica de la infiltración de la incisión de Phannenstiel con ketamina o bupivacaína para la analgesia posoperatoria de pacientes llevadas a cesárea segmentaria en el Hospital Central Dr. Urquinaona, de Maracaibo, Venezuela. Métodos: Investigación comparativa con diseño cuasi-experimental, que incluyó 70 gestantes programadas para cesárea segmentaria electiva bajo anestesia epidural con bupivacaína más fentanilo, divididas aleatoriamente para recibir infiltración incisional con ketamina (Grupo A) o bupivacaína (Grupo B).
Atomic Clocks Dependent on the Ether Wind
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Budkavlevägen 5, S-14174 Segeltorp, Sweden, Erik Persson John
Published: June 2024

This article is analyzing the frequency stability of atomic clocks.
Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Gören Hastalarda Diyaliz Yeterliliği ile Deneyimledikleri Semptomlar Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Özlem
Published: June 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastaların
deneyimledikleri semptomlar ile diyaliz yeterliliği arasındaki
ilişki incelemek amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel tanımlayıcı türdeki çalışma
Nisan 2023-Ocak 2024 tarihleri arasında 109 hemodiyaliz
tedavisi alan hasta ile yürütüldü. Veriler ‘Hasta Veri Toplama
Formu’ ve ‘Diyaliz Semptom İndeksi’ kullanılarak toplandı.
Hastaların diyaliz yeterliliğini değerlendirmek için diyalitik
madde klirensi değeri ve üre redüksiyon oranı kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 62,06±12,75 ve Diyaliz
Semptom İndeksi puan ortalaması 22,26±13,58 idi. Hastaların
diyalitik madde klirensi ortalaması 1.71±0.34, üre redüksiyon
oranı ise %73,49±8,64 idi. Hemodiyaliz hastalarının en sık
(%81,7) ve en şiddetli (2,01±1,23) deneyimlediği semptom
yorgun hissetme idi. Hemodiyaliz hastalarının Diyaliz Semptom
İndeksi puan ortalaması ile hemoglobin düzeyi (r=-0,231;
p=0,01), albümin düzeyi (r=-0,223; p=0,02) arasında negatif,
fosfor düzeyi arasında ise (r=0,190; p=0,48) pozitif yönlü bir
ilişki vardı. Hastaların Diyaliz Semptom İndeksi puan
ortalaması ile diyalitik madde klirensi ve ve üre redüksiyon
oranı arasında bir ilişki yok idi (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Hemodiyaliz hastalarının deneyimlediği semptomların
şidetti düşük, sıklığı yüksekti. Hastaların en sık ve en şiddetli
deneyimlediği semptom yorgun hissetme idi. Hastaların
hemoglobin ve albümin seviyesi düştükçe hastaların deneyimlediği semptomlar arttı. Hastaların deneyimlediği semptom şiddeti
ve diyaliz yeterliliği arasında bir ilişki bulunmadı. Hemodiyaliz
tedavisi gören hastalarda diyalizin yeterli olmasına rağmen
deneyimledikleri semptomların sıklığı yüksek idi. Sağlık
profesyonellerinin sistematik olarak hastaların deneyimledikleri
semptomları da rutinde değerlendirmeleri önerilmektedir.
The Role of International Trade Agreements in Shaping Labor Standards and Worker Rights
Authors: Wanjiru Mary
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the role of International Trade Agreements in Shaping Labor Standards and Worker Rights
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: The study revealed that trade agreements have both positive and negative impacts on labor standards depending on the specific provisions, implementation strategies, and contextual factors. While some agreements contribute to the convergence of labor standards and promote improvements in areas such as workplace safety and environmental regulations, others may lead to downward pressure on labor standards due to intensified competition and weakened enforcement mechanisms.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Neo-liberal theory, dependency theory & institutional theory may be used to anchor future studies on the international trade agreements in shaping labor standards and worker rights. Enhance the capacity of international organizations and national governments to monitor and enforce labor standards effectively within the framework of trade agreements. This includes investing in robust inspection systems, implementing transparent reporting mechanisms, and providing adequate resources for enforcement agencies. Embed comprehensive social clauses in trade agreements that prioritize the protection of labor rights and promote decent work for all. These clauses should encompass core labor standards as defined by the International Labour Organization (ILO), along with provisions for non-discrimination, gender equality, and social protection.
Innovaciones en Resonancia Magnética: Potencial de la Espectroscopia Multivoxel
Authors: Guerci Cristian Carlos , Correa Facundo
Published: June 2024

Introducción: La espectroscopia multivoxel en resonancia magnética (ERM) emerge como una técnica innovadora en la identificación de lesiones neurológicas, permitiendo un análisis químico detallado y una resolución espacial superior. Este estudio se propone demostrar las ventajas de esta tecnología, particularmente en el diagnóstico de condiciones tales como infartos cerebrales, tumores y desórdenes metabólicos. A través de una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura y un análisis crítico de casos, la investigación busca proporcionar un marco para la mejora de investigaciones futuras, enfatizando en la importancia de la ERM en el campo médico. Material y métodos: La investigación se basó en una metodología de revisión y análisis de casos seleccionados. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en bases de datos especializadas para recopilar artículos y estudios pertinentes. La información obtenida se combinó y analizó críticamente. Resultados: La ERM es una técnica avanzada que brinda información detallada sobre la composición química del cerebro, ofreciendo una resolución espacial mejorada y una cobertura anatómica más amplia, lo cual es crucial para la identificación precisa de lesiones neurológicas como infartos, tumores y trastornos metabólicos. Su aplicación es fundamental en el diagnóstico médico, permitiendo la evaluación detallada de los metabolitos cerebrales y la correlación de los cambios metabólicos con ubicaciones anatómicas específicas, lo que la diferencia de otras modalidades de neuroimagen que miden la actividad cerebral de manera indirecta. Conclusión: La ERM se ha establecido como un avance significativo en la neuroimagen, gracias a su capacidad para analizar la composición química del tejido cerebral de manera detallada. Derivada de la resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN), la ERM se apoya en la alineación de núcleos atómicos en respuesta a campos magnéticos y radiofrecuencias, permitiendo la adquisición de espectros de múltiples unidades volumétricas o voxels, que ofrecen una resolución espacial precisa correlacionando cambios metabólicos con ubicaciones anatómicas específicas. Este desarrollo tecnológico, con mejoras en la potencia del imán y sensibilidad de los detectores, ha optimizado la resolución espacial y los tiempos de adquisición, haciendo de la ERM una herramienta esencial en la investigación cerebral para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de afecciones neurológicas, incluyendo la detección y caracterización de tumores cerebrales y enfermedades neurodegenerativas, donde los cambios metabólicos pueden preceder a los cambios estructurales visibles en imágenes convencionales.
Change in anticoagulation therapy prescription in relation to severe epistaxis
Authors: Zpěváková Dagmar , Beneda Vojtěch , Světlík Martin
Published: June 2024

Summary Introduction: Epistaxis is vascular bleeding in the area of the nasal mucosa. Anticoagulation therapy increases the incidence of epistaxis. Anticoagulants are divided into direct and indirect depending on their effects. Direct anticoagulants are primarily novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs). Warfarin belongs to the group of indirect anticoagulants. Methodology: The retrospective study evaluates the benefit of the introduction of NOACs for otorhinolaryngology in connection with the occurrence of severe epistaxis. A comparison was done of the number of hospitalized adult patients with epistaxis over the course of 6 years during warfarin and NOAC treatment who were hospitalized with epistaxis at the ENT department of KNTB in Zlín between 2017–2022. The patient’s age and gender were also monitored. The severity of epistaxis was evaluated in relation to the used nasal packing and general anesthesia. The relationship with SÚKL data on the number of issued anticoagulant drugs is described. Results: During 6 years, a total of 221 patients were hospitalized for epistaxis, 32 were taking warfarin, and 20 were taking NOACs. The average age of patients with anticoagulant treatment was 78 years, represented by 61.5% men and 38.5% women. Over the years, we see a decrease in the number of epistaxis cases in warfarin patients; with NOACs the number is stationary. According to SÚKL statistics on preparations delivered to pharmacies in 2017 and 2022, there was a decrease in the prescription of warfarin by 44%; on the contrary, an increase of NOAC was up to 170%. Conclusion: With the decrease in the prescription of warfarin, we observe a reduced number of hospitalizations with severe epistaxis with this type of treatment. On the contrary, the increase in anticoagulation therapy with preparations from the NOAC group does not lead to an increase in the incidence of epistaxis, which also benefits the ENT field. Key words epistaxis – anticoagulants – NOAC – warfarin
CONDITIONERS OF DEMOCRATIC MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC BASIC EDUCATION SCHOOLS
Authors: Folha De Araújo Oliveira Mirian
Published: June 2024

This article is the result of a Doctoral Thesis in education whose object of study was to analyze institutional evaluation as a mechanism that enhances democratic management, investigating resonances of this relationship in public basic education schools. One of the paths was the identification of factors that have acted as conditions for democratic management. One of the conditions for the democratic management of public schools concerns management reforms, implemented in Brazil in recent decades, influenced by the neoliberal model of public administration. The second condition refers to the formation of educational policy discourse, which has been influenced by global and international networks in the process of formulating national policies, especially multilateral agencies that offer sponsorship for the implementation of certain national policies. A bibliographical research pointed out similar difficulties in different regions of Brazil regarding the limitations of implementing Democratic Management, highlighting the need to break with clientelistic and authoritarian management practices.
KẾT QUẢ XỬ TRÍ CẮT CƠN CO GIẬT Ở TRẺ TỪ 2 THÁNG ĐẾN 60 THÁNG TUỔI THEO PHÁC ĐỒ APLS TẠI KHOA CẤP CỨU VÀ CHỐNG ĐỘC BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG
Authors: Ngô Anh Vinh , Nguyễn Thị Uy , Hoàng Thị Huế , Lê Ngọc Duy
Published: June 2024

Mục tiêu: đánh giá kết quả xử trí cắt cơn co giật ở trẻ em theo phác đồ cấp cứu nhi khoa nâng cao (APLS: Advanced Pediatric Life Support). Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 61 bệnh nhân từ 2 tháng đến 60 tháng tuổi có cơn co giật và được xử trí cắt cơn tại khoa Cấp cứu và Chống độc - Bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương. Kết quả: hầu hết bệnh nhân cắt được cơn co giật ở bước 1 (chiếm 75,5%). Trong các thuốc cắt cơn co giật, midazolam tiêm tĩnh mạch được sử dụng nhiều nhất chiếm 77%, tiếp theo là sodium valproate (19,7%), midazolam tiêm bắp (14,8%), diazepam thụt hậu môn (13,1%) và midazolam duy trì (9,8%). Tỉ lệ cắt cơn co giật thành công của midazolam tiêm tĩnh mạch, midazolam tiêm bắp, diazepam thụt hậu môn lần lượt là 71,7%, 88,9% và 75% và sự khác biệt giữa các thuốc không có ý nghĩa thống kê (p>0,05). Thời gian cắt cơn trung bình của midazolam tiêm tĩnh mạch ngắn nhất với 1,0 ± 0,5 (phút) và midazolam tiêm bắp là 2,0 ± 0,7 (phút) diazepam là 2,5 ± 0,5(phút). Kết luận: hầu hết bệnh nhân được cắt cơn co giật ở bước 1 và midazolam là thuốc được sử dụng nhiều nhất. Midazolam là thuốc cắt cơn co giật hiệu quả ở trẻ em trong đó midazolam tiêm bắp ưu tiên lựa chọn khi bệnh nhân chưa có đường truyền tĩnh mạch.
KHẢO SÁT ĐA HÌNH GEN MMP-3, MMP-9 TRÊN THAI PHỤ BÌNH THƯỜNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN HÀ NỘI
Authors: Nguyễn Thanh Thúy , Nguyễn Duy Ánh , Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Thảo , Lê Ngọc Anh
Published: June 2024

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát đa hình gen MMP-3, MMP-9 trên thai phụ bình thường tại bệnh viện Phụ sản Hà Nội tại Việt Nam. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên 120 thai phụ để xác định tính đa hình gen MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) và MMP-9 (-1562 C>T) bằng kĩ thuật PCR-RFLP. Kết quả: Tần số alen 6A của đa hình gen MMP-3 chiếm ưu thế 90,8% vì vậy tỷ lệ kiểu gen 6A/6A là cao nhất, không có thai phụ nào mang kiểu gen 5A/5A. Đối với đa hình gen MMP-9, tần suất alen C và kiểu gen đồng hợp CC chiếm đa số (85,8%; 73,3%). Tần suất phân bố alen của hai đa hình đều tuân theo định luật Hardy Weinberg. Đa số (60%) thai phụ có kiểu gen 6A/6A của đa hình MMP-3 kết hợp với kiểu gen CC của đa hình MMP-9. Kết luận: Tỷ lệ thai phụ mang kiểu gen đồng hợp tử 6A/6A đối với đa hình MMP-3 và kiểu gen CC đối với đa hình MMP-9 chiếm phần lớn lần lượt là 81,7% và 73,3%
MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN TỔN THƯƠNG ĐỐM TRẮNG TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN CHỈNH NHA CỐ ĐỊNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN RĂNG HÀM MẶT TRUNG ƯƠNG HÀ NỘI NĂM 2023
Authors: Trần Thị Ngọc Anh , Nguyễn Ngọc Ánh , Hoàng Tuấn Hiệp
Published: June 2024

Mục tiêu: Mất khoáng men răng hay tổn thương đốm trắng (TTĐT) là một trong những nguy cơ phổ biến nhất trên bệnh nhân nắn chỉnh răng, đặc biệt trên nhóm bệnh nhân sử dụng khí cụ nắn chỉnh răng cố định nhưng vệ sinh răng miệng kém. Việc xác định tỷ lệ TTĐT quanh mắc cài trên răng vĩnh viễn ở bệnh nhân nắn chỉnh răng sẽ giúp bác sĩ trong tiên lượng, dự phòng cũng như quá trình điều trị cho bệnh nhân. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: 90 bệnh nhân, đang điều trị nắn chỉnh răng tại Bệnh viện Răng Hàm Mặt Trung ương Hà Nội (BV RHMTW HN) bằng khí cụ cố định từ 1 tháng trở lên trên hàm răng vĩnh viễn, bệnh nhân đươc đánh giá tỷ lệ, vị trí, mức độ tổn thương đốm trắng sau 1 tháng điều trị. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ TTĐT chiếm tỷ lệ 55,6%, trong đó 8,2% có TTĐT trên tổng số răng. 1% số răng trong số răng bị tổn thương hình thành lỗ sâu. Hàm trên và hàm dưới răng bị tổn thương lần lượt tỷ lệ là 10,9% và 5,4%. TTĐT chiếm tỷ lệ 60,7% ở nhóm BN điều trị từ 1-6 tháng và 63,6% ở nhóm điều trị từ 7- 12 tháng. Kết luận: Bệnh nhân đang điều trị chỉnh nha có tỉ lệ mắc TTĐT cao, hàm trên nhiều răng tổn thương hơn hàm dưới, nhóm răng trước có tỉ lệ tổn thương cao nhất, vị trí thường gặp là phía lợi so với mắc cài. Vì vậy, ta phải đưa ra những biện pháp dự phòng phù hợp cũng như tiên lượng được trong quá trình điều trị.
PHÂN TÍCH CHI PHÍ – HỆ QUẢ CỦA CEFTAROLINE FOSAMIL TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ NHIIỄM TRÙNG DA – MÔ MỀM CÓ BIẾN CHỨNG Ở NGƯỜI LỚN TẠI VIỆT NAM
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Hải Yến , Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh Nga , Lê Đặng Tú Nguyên , Phan Thanh Dũng
Published: June 2024

Mục tiêu: Phân tích chi phí hệ quả của việc sử dụng Ceftaroline fosamil (Ceftaroline) so với một số kháng sinh kinh nghiệm ở người bệnh người lớn nhập viện với chẩn đoán nhiễm trùng da – mô mềm có biến chứng tại Việt Nam. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu áp dụng phương pháp mô hình hóa sử dụng mô hình cây quyết định. Quan điểm nghiên cứu là quan điểm cơ quan chi trả Bảo hiểm Y tế, với khung thời gian phân tích được tính từ thời điểm nhập viện của người bệnh cho đến khi xuất viện. Kết quả: Phân tích chi phí hệ quả ghi nhận tỷ lệ điều trị thành công của Ceftaroline và các kháng sinh so sánh từ 95% - 99%, và tổng chi phí điều trị cho mỗi người bệnh bằng Ceftaroline cao hơn so với Vancomycin và Carbapenem khoảng 3,5 triệu, và thấp hơn các kháng sinh mới khác 4 – 9 triệu. Từ quan điểm của cơ quan chi trả, việc sử dụng kháng sinh khởi đầu Ceftaroline giúp làm tăng tỷ lệ điều trị thành công và tăng tổng chi phí điều trị so với Vancomycin + Carbapenem; Clindamycin + Carbapenem; tiết kiệm chi phí và tăng tỷ lệ điều trị thành công so với Tigecyclin; tiết kiệm chi phí và tỷ lệ điều trị thành công thấp hơn so với Linezolid + Carbapenem. Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng nhiều nhất đến chênh lệch chi phí và hệ quả lần lượt là thời gian điều trị bằng Ceftaroline và kháng sinh so sánh đối với chi phí; và tỷ lệ điều trị thành công bằng kháng sinh khởi đầu Ceftaroline đối với hệ quả. Kết quả phân tích độ nhạy xác suất cho thấy xác suất tiết kiệm chi phí khi người bệnh sử dụng Ceftaroline so với khi dùng kháng sinh Vancomycin 1g q12h + Carbapenem 500mg q8h, Linezolid 600mg q12h + Carbapenem 500mg q8h, Clindamycin 600mg q8h + Carbapenem 500mg q8h, Tigecyclin 50mg q12h lần lượt là 23,4%, 85,9%, 14,5% và 73,3%. Kết luận: Ceftaroline là một lựa chọn kháng sinh mới tiềm năng trong điều trị nhiễm trùng da và mô mềm với hiệu quả cao hơn các kháng sinh thường gặp trong điều trị. Chi phí tăng thêm của Ceftaroline cần được xem xét trong bối cảnh đề kháng kháng sinh gia tăng và sự cần thiết phải đảm bảo tính sẵn có của kháng sinh trong danh mục.
Examination of Science and Art Center Course Materials According to Maker Differentiation Principles
Authors: Kaynar Hamza , Kurnaz Ahmet , Şentürk Barışık Canan
Published: June 2024

The main factor in the emergence of this research is that the current educational materials prepared for gifted students are not based on a theoretical basis, curriculum differentiation and models are not taken into consideration in the preparation of activities for gifted students, gifted education principles are not reflected in the curricula, and applications related to gifted students are not monitored and evaluated. This study aims to examine the activities included in the supplementary course materials prepared for Science and Technology in Science and Art Centers according to the Maker-Banks Differentiated Instruction Assessment Model. In line with the research objective, a total of 31 activities in the field of science and technology were examined for students included in the support education program prepared in 2022 by the Directorate General of Special Education and Guidance Services. The "Instruction Program Evaluation Form According to the Maker-Banks Model" was used as the data collection tool. It was concluded that the activities included in the supplementary course materials prepared for Science and Technology in Science and Art Centers do not meet the content and process conditions according to the Maker-Banks Differentiated Instruction Assessment Model. It was found that the activities met the conditions of economy, reasoning, teaching pace, openness, exploratory learning, higher-order thinking, real-life problems, and product evaluation. When new activities and materials are prepared for gifted students, the criteria that were weak in the Maker-Banks Model in this study can be strengthened. The qualities of the prepared activities can be evaluated according to the criteria in the Maker-Banks Model. It is believed that this study will pave the way for new studies by evaluating activities prepared for areas other than science and technology and for different grade levels according to the criteria in the Maker-Banks Model.
Relationship between work posture and core muscle endurance with lower back disability among farmers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kadek Novi Anggreni  , Made Hendra Satria Nugraha  , Ari Wibawa  , I Gusti Ayu Artini
Published: June 2024

Background: Farmers rely on physical performance for their livelihood, and non-ergonomic working postures can lead to lower back pain, reducing core muscle endurance and resulting in lower back disability. This study examines the relationship between work posture and core muscle endurance with lower back disability among farmers.
Methods: This research used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional study. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The total sample obtained in this study was 106 participants. Data collection included posture assessment using the rapid entire body assessment (REBA), measurement of core muscle endurance using the prone bridge test, and measurement of lower back disability using the modified Oswestry disability index (MODI).
The inclusion criteria for this study were farmers aged 26-45 working as farmers in Pancasari Village, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency. Conversely, the exclusion criteria were the presence of a history of Spearman's rho and a condition of injury that limits the prone bridge test. Furthermore, the obtained data was analyzed using Spearman's rho test.
Results: The non-parametric analysis of work posture on lower back disability obtained a p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.849. Core muscle endurance against lower back disability obtained a value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient r = -0.825, which is statistically significant that the higher the work posture score of the subject has means the higher incidence of lower back disability and also the higher of core muscle endurance the subject has, mean lower incidence of lower back disability among farmers.
Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship, with a high correlation, between work posture and core muscle endurance and the occurrence of lower back disability in farmers.