bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Pediatric Oligodendroglioma: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Goel Nicholas J. , Abdullah Kalil G. , Lang Shih-Shan
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Pediatric oligodendroglioma (pODG) is a rare primary brain tumor that remains poorly understood. Demographics, outcomes, and prognostic factors were analyzed in 346 pODG cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Methods: Gender, race, age, tumor location, tumor size, tumor grade, extent of resection, and use of radiotherapy were evaluated with respect to overall survival (OS) by univariate and multivariate analysis. These factors were assessed in the pediatric cohort and 5,753 adult oligodendroglioma cases for comparison. Results: The mean OS in pODG was 199.6 months. Five- and 10-year survival rates were 85 and 81%. pODG arose less frequently in the frontal lobe than adult tumors (53 vs. 22%) but was more common in the temporal lobe (32 vs. 18%) and extracortical regions (19 vs. 5%, p < 0.0001). pODG presented with smaller size (55 vs. 24%, p < 0.0001) and lower grade (72 vs. 54%, p < 0.0001) than adult tumors. Tumor location, size, grade, use of radiotherapy, and extent of resection were significant prognostic factors. Size and grade were much stronger prognostic factors in children than adults. While children with oligodendroglioma survive much longer than adults on the whole, there was no difference in outcome between children with high-grade tumors and adults with high-grade tumors. Conclusion: pODG differs significantly from adult oligodendroglioma along a number of demographic and tumor factors at a population level, and key prognostic factors influence survival differently in pODG than in adult disease.
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Test: Old Uncertainties, New Perspectives, and Value in 46,XY Disorders of Sex Development
Authors: Bertelloni Silvano , Russo Gianni , Baroncelli Giampiero I.
Published: November 2017

The human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) test represents a key step in assessing Leydig cell function in prepubertal males, but differences in terms of hCG doses, number of injections, and sequence of blood drawing are published in the literature, showing poor standardization. The few available data in healthy boys are summarized here. A recombinant hCG (rhCG) formulation might permit overcoming some controversies as well as avoid the potential biological risk related to the injection of extractive hormones. Studies in humans are scarce, but they indicate that 250 µg rhCG in a single dose may represent a useful scheme for the dynamic evaluation of Leydig cell function in children as well as in adults. The main indication for hCG testing in childhood is the investigation of 46,XY disorders of sex differentiation. The test must also be considered in order to investigate the presence of functional testicular tissue when gonadal peptide hormones cannot be measured.
Effect of a Shortened Duration of FOLFOX Chemotherapy on the Survival Rate of Patients with Stage II and III Colon Cancer
Authors: Ji Woong Bae , Hong Kwang Dae , Kim Jung-Sik , Joung Sung-Yup , Um Jun Won , Min Byung-Wook
Published: November 2017

Background: FOLFOX chemotherapy is widely used as an adjuvant treatment for advanced colon cancer. The duration of adjuvant chemotherapy is usually set to 6 months, which is based on a former study of 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy. However, the FOLFOX regimen is known to have complications, such as peripheral neuropathy. The aim of this study was to compare the survival rates and complications experienced by patients receiving either 4 or 6 months of FOLFOX chemotherapy. Methods: Retrospective data analysis was performed for stage II and III patients who underwent radical resection of colon cancer. We compared the 5-year survival rates and the occurrence of complications in patients who completed only 8 cycles of FOLFOX chemotherapy with patients who completed 12 cycles of chemotherapy. Results: Among 188 patients who underwent adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy for stage II or III colon cancer, 83 (44.1%) completed 6 months of FOLFOX chemotherapy and 64 (34.0%) patients discontinued after 4 months of chemotherapy. The 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates did not show a significant difference. Patients in the 6-month group had peripheral neuropathy more frequently (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Five-year overall and disease-free survival were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Large-scale prospective studies are necessary for the analysis of complications and survival rates.
Overexpression of the Transmembrane Protein IQGAP3 Is Associated with Poor Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer
Authors: Oue Naohide , Yamamoto Yuji , Oshima Takashi , Asai Ryuichi , Ishikawa Akira , Uraoka Naohiro , Sakamoto Naoya , Sentani Kazuhiro , Yasui Wataru
Published: November 2017

Objective: Spheroid colony formation is a useful method of cancer stem cell (CSC) characterization. We previously showed that the IQ motif containing the GTPase-activating protein 3 gene (IQGAP3) is upregulated in spheroid body-forming gastric cancer (GC) cells compared with parental cells. We investigated IQGAP3 expression in GC. Methods: IQGAP3 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 165 GC cases. RNA interference was used to inhibit IQGAP3 expression in GC cell lines. Results: In non neoplastic gastric mucosa, weak staining of IQGAP3 was observed in the foveolar epithelium, while GC tissue showed stronger, more extensive staining. Of the 165 GC cases, 34 (21%) were positive for IQGAP3 expression. GC cases positive for IQGAP3 were found more frequently in stage II/III/IV cases than in stage I cases. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that IQGAP3 expression is an independent prognostic classifier of GC patients. Both the number and size of the spheres formed by MKN-74 cells were significantly reduced by knockdown of IQGAP3. The phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 was inhibited by knockdown of IQGAP3. Conclusion: These results suggest that IQGAP3 plays an important role in gastric CSCs. The location of IQGAP3 on the cell membrane makes it a potential therapeutic target for GC.
Survival Rates in Closed and Open Vitrification for Human Mature Oocyte Cryopreservation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Youm Hyun Sik , Choi Jong-Ryeol , Oh Daesik , Rho Yong Ho
Published: November 2017

Background/Aims: Survival of warmed oocytes is the first part and is one of the most important aspects of in vitro fertilization following oocyte cryopreservation. There is no definite conclusion about the difference in survival rates between closed and open vitrification for oocyte cryopreservation. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a difference in survival rates between closed and open vitrification for cryopreservation of human mature oocytes. Methods: A literature search was performed using the MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase databases. A total of 4 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results: In the frequentist meta-analysis, the random effects model showed no statistically significant difference in survival rates between closed and open vitrification (risk ratio [RR] 0.8873, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.7658–1.0280). However, an effect size deviation of the RR from 1.0 and a borderline trend of the 95% CI were noted. In the Bayesian meta-analysis, the posterior probability that closed vitrification would decrease the survival rate when compared to that with open vitrification was 83.04% for the random effects model. Conclusion: It is not yet possible to conclude that closed vitrification is an aseptic alternative to open vitrification in human mature oocyte cryopreservation.
Diário póstumo de Eugênio Montale
Authors: Guareschi Égide
Published: November 2017

Este ensaio pretende examinar a abrangência de alguns elementos paratextuais, a partir dos delineamentos teóricos de Gérard Genette, que foram importantes na tradução brasileira de Diário Póstumo, obra poética de Eugênio Montale. Esse livro póstumo é dedicado à poeta Annalisa Cima e, além de possuir uma linguagem penetrante e íntima, é entremeado por referências extratextuais e pelas sutilezas do estilo montaliano, as quais desafiam os tradutores de sua obra.
Inno a Roma: Giovanni Pascoli, il Virgilio Moderno
Authors: Santi Elena , Peterle Patricia
Published: November 2017

Inno a Roma [Hino a Roma] nasce como tradução de autor. Apresentado pela primeira vez em 1911 no concurso nacional para o Natal de Roma, no cinquentenário do Reino, é o próprio Giovanni Pascoli que, depois de tê-lo ampliado, traduz os próprios hexâmetros latinos in hendecassílabos italianos. Sua língua, quase desde o seu surgimento em italiano, é declaradamente uma tentativa de traduzir outra língua, um classicismo não apenas de pensamento e de argumento, mas antes lexical e linguístico. Como se encaixa nesse panorama a tradução de Aloysio de Castro? Em qual contexto se elabora essa tradução? Como dialogam as imagens que intervêm para acompanhar o texto na versão brasileira? O que nos diz a presença dessa coletânea como unicum da produção de Pascoli em português? Este artigo se propõe esclarecer estas e outras questões, com base numa análise textual e material das obras em discussão.
O diálogo intercultural pelo paratexto: notas do tradutor Pasquale Aniel Jannini
Authors: Loverro Dayana
Published: November 2017

Pasquale Aniel Jannini foi um tradutor, ensaísta e professor universitário italiano, tendo atuado principalmente na Universidade La Sapienza de Roma. Era francesista por formação e desenvolvia pesquisas em diversas vertentes acadêmicas. Dentre elas, dedicava-se aos estudos literários em língua portuguesa, do Brasil e de Portugal, e à tradução. Traduziu do português ao italiano alguns textos e obras de escritores como João Guimarães Rosa e Vinicius de Moraes. A partir das notas de rodapé de Orfeo Negro, tradução em italiano da obra Orfeu da Conceição, de Vinicius de Moraes, este artigo busca observar – através do paratexto – de que forma ocorrem determinados diálogos interculturais expressos entre os textos de partida e de chegada.
Storia "interna" e storia "esterna" dei testi: copertine di romanzi in Italia e in Brasile
Authors: Wataghin Lucia , Debenedetti Sara
Published: November 2017

O artigo propõe considerações sobre a função das capas – parte da história “externa” das obras – de uma série de romances de autores da Einaudi, como Pavese, Ginzburg, Calvino e Levi, publicados também em tradução brasileira. Comparar as capas dos mesmos romances nos dois países estimula reflexões sobre sua função como elementos das estrategias editoriais de venda e como espelho do contexto social e cultural da recepção das obras.
Efficacy of the RADPAD Protection Drape in Reducing Operators’ Radiation Exposure in the Catheterization Laboratory
Authors: Vlastra Wieneke , Delewi Ronak , Sjauw Krischan D. , Beijk Marcel A. , Claessen Bimmer E. , Streekstra Geert J. , Bekker Robbert J. , van Hattum Juliette C. , Wykrzykowska Joanna J. , Vis Marije M. , Koch Karel T. , de Winter Robbert J. , Piek Jan J. , Henriques José P.S.
Published: November 2017

Background—

Interventional cardiologists are increasingly exposed to radiation-induced diseases like cataract and the stochastic risk of left-sided brain tumors. The RADPAD is a sterile, disposable, lead-free shield placed on the patient with the aim to minimize operator-received scatter radiation. The objective of the trial was to examine the RADPAD’s efficacy in a real-world situation.

Methods and Results—

In the current, double-blind, sham-controlled, all-comer trial, patients undergoing diagnostic catheterization or percutaneous coronary interventions were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to a radiation absorbing shield (RADPAD), standard treatment (NOPAD), or a sham shield (SHAMPAD). The sham shield allowed testing for shield-induced radiation behavior. The primary outcome was the difference in relative exposure of the primary operator between the RADPAD and NOPAD arms and was defined as the ratio between operator’s exposure (E in µSv) and patient exposure (dose area product in mGy·cm
2
), measured per procedure. A total of 766 consecutive coronary procedures were randomized to the use of RADPAD (N=255), NOPAD (N=255), or SHAMPAD (N=256). The use of RADPAD was associated with a 20% reduction in relative operator exposure compared with that of NOPAD (
P
=0.01) and a 44% relative exposure reduction compared with the use of a SHAMPAD (
P
<0.001). Use of the SHAMPAD was associated with a 43% higher relative radiation exposure than procedures with NOPAD (
P
=0.009).

Conclusions—

In clinical daily practice, the standard use of the RADPAD radiation shield reduced operator radiation exposure compared with procedures with NOPAD or SHAMPAD. This study supports the routine use of RADPAD in the catheterization laboratory.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT03139968.
Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Lipotoxic Hearts Induce Post-Translational Modifications of AKAP121, DRP1, and OPA1 That Promote Mitochondrial Fission
Authors: Tsushima Kensuke , Bugger Heiko , Wende Adam R. , Soto Jamie , Jenson Gregory A. , Tor Austin R. , McGlauflin Rose , Kenny Helena C. , Zhang Yuan , Souvenir Rhonda , Hu Xiao X. , Sloan Crystal L. , Pereira Renata O. , Lira Vitor A. , Spitzer Kenneth W. , Sharp Terry L. , Shoghi Kooresh I. , Sparagna Genevieve C. , Rog-Zielinska Eva A. , Kohl Peter , Khalimonchuk Oleh , Schaffer Jean E. , Abel E. Dale
Published: November 2017

Rationale:

Cardiac lipotoxicity, characterized by increased uptake, oxidation, and accumulation of lipid intermediates, contributes to cardiac dysfunction in obesity and diabetes mellitus. However, mechanisms linking lipid overload and mitochondrial dysfunction are incompletely understood.

Objective:

To elucidate the mechanisms for mitochondrial adaptations to lipid overload in postnatal hearts in vivo.

Methods and Results:

Using a transgenic mouse model of cardiac lipotoxicity overexpressing ACSL1 (long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1) in cardiomyocytes, we show that modestly increased myocardial fatty acid uptake leads to mitochondrial structural remodeling with significant reduction in minimum diameter. This is associated with increased palmitoyl-carnitine oxidation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in isolated mitochondria. Mitochondrial morphological changes and elevated ROS generation are also observed in palmitate-treated neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Palmitate exposure to neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes initially activates mitochondrial respiration, coupled with increased mitochondrial polarization and ATP synthesis. However, long-term exposure to palmitate (>8 hours) enhances ROS generation, which is accompanied by loss of the mitochondrial reticulum and a pattern suggesting increased mitochondrial fission. Mechanistically, lipid-induced changes in mitochondrial redox status increased mitochondrial fission by increased ubiquitination of AKAP121 (A-kinase anchor protein 121) leading to reduced phosphorylation of DRP1 (dynamin-related protein 1) at Ser637 and altered proteolytic processing of OPA1 (optic atrophy 1). Scavenging mitochondrial ROS restored mitochondrial morphology in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions:

Our results reveal a molecular mechanism by which lipid overload-induced mitochondrial ROS generation causes mitochondrial dysfunction by inducing post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins that regulate mitochondrial dynamics. These findings provide a novel mechanism for mitochondrial dysfunction in lipotoxic cardiomyopathy.
Left Atrial Volume and Mortality in Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Rusinaru Dan , Bohbot Yohann , Kowalski Cédric , Ringle Anne , Maréchaux Sylvestre , Tribouilloy Christophe
Published: November 2017

Background

Left atrium (
LA
) enlargement is common in patients with aortic stenosis (
AS
), yet its prognostic implications are unclear. This study investigates the value of left atrial volume (
LAV
) and
LAV
normalized to body size for predicting mortality in
AS
.

Methods and Results

We included 1351 patients with
AS
in sinus rhythm at diagnosis and analyzed the occurrence of all‐cause death during follow‐up with medical and surgical management. Five parameters of
LA
enlargement were tested: nonindexed
LAV
and normalized
LAV
by ratiometric (
LAV
/body surface area [
BSA
] and
LAV
/height) and allometric (
LAV
/
BSA
1.7
and
LAV
/height
2.0
) scaling. For each parameter, patients in the highest quartile were at high risk of death, whereas outcome was better and similar for the other quartiles. Five‐year survival was lower for patients with
LAV
>95 mL and
LAV
/
BSA
>50 mL/m
2
compared with those with no or mild
LA
enlargement (both
P
<0.001). After adjustment for established outcome predictors, including surgery, high risk of death was observed with
LAV
>95 mL (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.40 [95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.88]) and
LAV
/
BSA
>50 mL/m
2
(adjusted hazard ratio, 1.42 [95% confidence interval, 1.08–1.91]).
LAV
/
BSA
and LAV showed good and similar predictive performance, whereas other scaling methods did not show better outcome prediction. In patients with severe
AS
at baseline, preserved (≥50%) ejection fraction, and no or minimal symptoms,
LA
enlargement was significantly associated with mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.87 [95% confidence interval, 1.02–3.44] for
LAV
>95 mL, and adjusted hazard ratio, 1.90 [95% confidence interval, 1.03–3.56] for
LAV
/
BSA
>50 mL/m
2
).

Conclusions

LA
enlargement is an important predictor of mortality in
AS
, incrementally to known predictors of outcome.
LAV
and
LAV
/
BSA
have comparable predictive performance and should be assessed in clinical practice for risk stratification.
Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on the Evaluation of Stable Chest Pain Patients: Insights From the PROMISE (Prospective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of Chest Pain) Trial
Authors: Sharma Abhinav , Sekaran Nishant K. , Coles Adrian , Pagidipati Neha J. , Hoffmann Udo , Mark Daniel B. , Lee Kerry L. , Al‐Khalidi Hussein R. , Lu Michael T. , Pellikka Patricia A. , Truong Quynh A. , Douglas Pamela S.
Published: November 2017

Background

The impact of diabetes mellitus on the clinical presentation and noninvasive test (
NIT
) results among stable outpatients presenting with symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease (
CAD
) has not been well described.

Methods and Results

The PROMISE (Prospective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of Chest Pain) trial enrolled 10 003 patients with known diabetic status, of whom 8966 were tested as randomized and had interpretable
NIT
results (1908 with diabetes mellitus, 21%). Differences in symptoms and
NIT
results were evaluated using logistic regression. Patients with diabetes mellitus (versus without) were similar in age (median 61 versus 60 years) and sex (female 54% versus 52%), had a greater burden of cardiovascular comorbidities, and had a similar likelihood of nonchest pain symptoms (29% versus 27%). The Diamond‐Forrester/Coronary Artery Surgery Study score predicted that patients with diabetes mellitus (versus without) had similar likelihood of obstructive
CAD
(low 1.8% versus 2.7%; intermediate 92.3% versus 92.6%; high 5.9% versus 4.7%). Physicians estimated patients with diabetes mellitus to have a higher likelihood of obstructive
CAD
(low to very low: 28.3% versus 40.1%; intermediate 63.9% versus 55.9%; high to very high 7.8% versus 4.0%). Patients with diabetes mellitus (versus without) were more likely to have a positive
NIT
result (15% versus 11%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.23;
P
=0.01).

Conclusions

Stable chest pain patients with and without diabetes mellitus have similar presentation and pretest likelihood of obstructive
CAD
; however, physicians perceive that patients with diabetes mellitus have a higher pretest likelihood of obstructive
CAD
, an assessment supported by increased risk of a positive
NIT
. Further evaluation of diabetes mellitus's influence on
CAD
assessment is required.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
01174550.
Strength Training and All‐Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Older Women: A Cohort Study
Authors: Kamada Masamitsu , Shiroma Eric J. , Buring Julie E. , Miyachi Motohiko , Lee I‐Min
Published: November 2017

Background

Few data exist on the association between strength training and mortality rates. We sought to examine the association between strength training and all‐cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality.

Methods and Results

Beginning in 2001 to 2005, 28 879 women throughout the United States (average baseline age, 62.2 years) from the Women's Health Study who were free of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer reported their physical activities, including strength training. During follow‐up (average, 12.0 years) through 2015, investigators documented 3055 deaths (411 from cardiovascular disease and 748 from cancer). After adjusting for covariables, including aerobic activity, time in strength training showed a quadratic association with all‐cause mortality (
P
=0.36 for linear trend;
P
<0.001 for quadratic trend); hazard ratios across 5 categories of strength training (0, 1–19, 20–59, 60–149, and ≥150 min/wk) were 1.0 (referent), 0.73 (95% confidence interval, 0.65–0.82), 0.71 (0.62–0.82), 0.81 (0.67–0.97), and 1.10 (0.77–1.56), respectively. A significant quadratic association was also observed for cardiovascular disease death (
P
=0.007) but not cancer death (
P
=0.41). Spline models also indicated a J‐shaped nonlinear association for all‐cause mortality (
P
=0.020); the point estimates of hazard ratios were <1.00 for 1 to 145 min/wk of strength training, compared with 0 min/wk, whereas hazard ratios were >1.00 for ≥146 min/wk of strength training. However, confidence intervals were wide at higher levels of strength training.

Conclusions

Time in strength training showed a J‐shaped association with all‐cause mortality in older women. A moderate amount of time in strength training seemed beneficial for longevity, independent of aerobic activity; however, any potential risk with more time (≈≥150 min/wk) should be further investigated.
Description of a new species of Dascillus Latreille from Yunnan, China (Coleoptera: Dascillidae)
Authors: LI FENGMING , ŚLIPIŃSKI ADAM , JIN ZHENYU
Published: November 2017

Dascillidae are a small and rarely studied family that includes nine currently recognized genera (Lawrence 2016; Ivie & Barclay 2011; Jin et al. 2013) and about 80 described species divided into two poorly defined subfamilies—Dascillinae and Karumiinae. In recent years, Jin et al. (2013, 2016, 2017) studied the species of Dascillinae and described 13 new species of Dascillus Latreille, 1797. At present, 33 species are included in this genus. Of these, 27 have been reported from China (Jin et al. 2016, 2017; Löbl & Löbl 2016; Terzani et al. 2017). Consequently, the Chinese fauna of Dascillus is extraordinarily rich.
Konothrips polychaeta sp.n. from Delaware, North America, with a key to the three species of this genus
Authors: GOLDARAZENA ARTURO , MITCHELL ADAM , HANCE THIERRY
Published: November 2017

The genus Konothrips was erected by Bhatti (1990) for a single species, tuttlei, that was described from Arizona in the genus Chirothrips by zur Strassen (1967). The new genus was distinguished by the longitudinally orientated sculpture on the abdominal terga and sterna, the fore wing costa with only a single seta, and the ovipositor lacking teeth (Bhatti 1990). Subsequently, Nakahara and Foottit (2012) described in Konothrips a second species, colei, from Texas. However, those authors indicated that there is variation in these characters, with  colei intermediate in structure between tuttlei and members of Arorathrips. In the new species described below, the abdominal tergal and sternal sculpture is weakly developed, transverse medially with some reticles in the pleurotergites slightly orientated longitudinally, the ovipositor is reduced and smooth, and costal setae are present on the fore wing. This new species is described in Konothrips because antennal segment I is enlarged (more than 3 times wider than base of segment II), antennal segment II is strongly produced laterally, and the mesosternal furcal invaginations are widely separated. These characters are also shared with the species of Arorathrips, and distinguish this pair of genera from Chirothrips. However, the new species, together with tuttlei and colei, is distinguished from species placed in Arorathrips by the presence of more than 6 stout conical setae on the median area of the mesonotum, and the anterior abdominal tergites with D1 and D2 setae spine-like (conical and stout).
Map and shapefile of the biogeographic provinces of Argentina
Authors: ARANA MARCELO D. , MARTÍNEZ GONZALO A. , OGGERO ANTONIA J. , NATALE EVANGELINA S. , MORRONE JUAN J.
Published: November 2017

We provide a map of the 15 biogeographic provinces of Argentina based on the ecoregions recognized for the country, combining climatic, geological and biotic criteria. Argentinean provinces belong to the Neotropical region (Yungas, Paraná Forest, Araucaria Forest, Chaco and Pampean provinces), the South American transition zone (Puna, Monte, Comechingones and Cuyan High Andean provinces) and the Andean region (Patagonian, Maule, Valdivian Forest, Magellanic Forest, Falkland Islands and Magellanic Moorland provinces). In order to facilitate future biogeographic analyses, we provide a file of this biogeographical regionalisation in vector format using the World Geodetic Survey 1984.
Agrilus (Nigritius) scottoi n. sp. from Cameroun (Coleoptera, Buprestidae)
Authors: CURLETTI GIANFRANCO , DUTTO ANGELO
Published: November 2017

Agrilus scottoi n. sp. from Cameroun is described. The presence of a long tip at the apex of the last visible tergite, places this species in the subgenus Nigritius Curletti, 1998, although the presence of elytral spots and the apical spines makes it very similar to species placed in the subgenus Pantherina Curletti, 1998.
Assessing Preschoolers’ Beverage Consumption Using the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Choy Cherry , Isong Inyang A.
Published: November 2017

Childhood obesity and caries are linked to sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) and excessive juice consumption. We assessed psychosocial factors influencing children’s beverage consumption and strategies to promote healthier choices. Using a quantitative and qualitative approach guided by the theory of planned behavior, we surveyed and interviewed 37 parents of preschool-aged children on barriers and facilitators of children’s beverage consumption. Most children (83.8%) consumed SSBs, 67.6% drank >4 to 6 oz of juice per day. Parent’s self-efficacy was the strongest correlate of parent’s behavioral intention to limit SSB (0.72, standard error 0.08, P = .03). Parents’ motivations to limit their child’s SSB intake extended beyond simply preventing caries and obesity; they also considered the implications of these conditions on children’s self-image, future health, and quality of life. Yet, the influence of multidimensional barriers made it difficult to reduce children’s SSB consumption. Interventions that address parental attitudes, values, and self-efficacy to address external factors could help reduce children’s SSB consumption.
Physical Compatibility of Micafungin With Sodium Bicarbonate Hydration Fluids Commonly Used With High-Dose Methotrexate Chemotherapy
Authors: Joiner Logan C. , Tynes Clay , Arnold John , Miller Rachel R. , Gorman Greg
Published: November 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the physical compatibility of micafungin with commonly used concentrations of sodium bicarbonate hydration fluids administered via a Y-site connected to a central venous catheter (Y-site/CVC). Methods: Micafungin sodium (evaluated concentration of 1.5 mg/mL) was combined in a 3:1 (vehicle:drug) ratio with the following commonly used hydration vehicles: 40 mEq/L sodium bicarbonate in 5% dextrose in water with ¼ normal saline (40SB-D5W-1/4NS), 75 mEq/L sodium bicarbonate in D5W (75SB-D5W), and 154 mEq/L sodium bicarbonate in D5W (154SB-D5W). A 3:1 ratio was used based on the flow rates (typically 125 mL/m2/h for bicarbonate-containing vehicles and 50 mL/h for micafungin) of the corresponding solutions in a clinical setting. Visual observations recorded to determine physical compatibility included visual inspection against different backgrounds (unaided, black, and white). Other physical observations were as follows: odor, evolution of gas, pH, and turbidity immediately recorded after mixing and at specified time points up to 2 hours. Evaluations at each time point were compared against baseline observation values at Time 0. Results: All combinations tested were found to be compatible up to 2 hours. Time points beyond 2 hours cannot be safely verified as compatible. Conclusion: Micafungin may be administered safely using a Y-site/CVC delivery system with all the vehicles tested in this study.
An Exploratory Electromyography-Based Coactivation Index for the Cervical Spine
Authors: Le Peter , Aurand Alexander , Best Thomas M. , Khan Safdar N. , Mendel Ehud , Marras William S.
Published: November 2017

Objective

Develop a coactivation index for the neck and test its effectiveness with complex dynamic head motions.

Background

Studies describing coactivation for the cervical spine are sparse in the literature. Of those in existence, they were either limited to a priori definitions of agonist/antagonist activity that limited the testing to sagittal and lateral planes or consisted of isometric exertions. Multiplanar movements would allow for a more realistic understanding of naturalistic movements in the cervical spine and propensity for neck pain. However, a gap in the literature exists in which a method to describe coactivation during complex dynamic motions does not exist for the cervical spine.

Methods

An electromyography-based coactivation index was developed for the cervical spine based on previously tested methodology used on the lumbar spine without a high-end model and tested using a series of different postures and speeds.

Results

Complex motions involving twisting (i.e., flexion and twisting) and higher speed had higher magnitudes of coactivation than uniplanar motions in the sagittal or lateral plane, which was expected. The coupled motion of flexion and twisting showed four to five times higher coactivation than uniplanar (sagittal or lateral) movements.

Conclusion

The coactivation index developed accommodates multiplanar, naturalistic movements. Testing of the index showed that motions requiring higher degrees of head control had higher effort due to coactivation, which was expected.

Application

Overall, this coactivation index may be utilized to understand the neuromuscular effort of various tasks in the cervical spine.
The relation between religion and depression in Europe: The moderating role of the religious context
Authors: Van de Velde Sarah , Van der Bracht Koen , Buffel Veerle
Published: November 2017

Previous research has found that religiosity is positively related to mental well-being. This study assesses whether the religious context moderates the relationship between individual levels of religiosity and depression in the religiously diverse European context. We apply multilevel models, examining 68,874 individuals in 29 European countries subdivided into 277 regions from the sixth (2012) and seventh (2014) wave of the European Social Survey. First, we found that religious service attendance is associated with fewer depressive feelings, but the opposite is true for frequency of prayer. Second, the results indicate that the association between religiosity and depression is moderated by the religious context. In less religious regions, depressive symptoms relate less to service attendance than in highly religious regions, while frequency of praying relates to more depressive symptoms in regions with lower levels of religiosity.
Modernization, formal social control, and anomie: A 45-society multilevel analysis
Authors: Swader Christopher S
Published: November 2017

This article investigates how economic modernization affects normative regulation by spurring formal social control in the political, economic, and private spheres as well as anomie. Multilevel negative binomial regression modeling, using World Values Survey and country-level data from 2005, predicts individual-level anomie using country-level formal-social-control indicators as well as individual-level controls. Such control variables include education, survey interest, gender, age, income, collectivism, nihilism, fatalism, and the diversity of information consumption. This work argues for and implements a ‘don’t know anomie’ (DKA) index, the sum of ‘don’t know’ responses in relation to 15 attitudinal questions, as a more direct measure of individual-level anomie. Findings indicate that, when controlling for all factors, a country’s level of formal social control in the political sphere, measured as low levels of perceived government corruption, reduces anomie. In addition, country-level formal social control in the private sphere, operationalized as a society where individuals are not primarily striving to meet their parents’ expectations, enhances anomie.
In-control robustness comparison of different control charts
Authors: Abid Muhammad , Nazir Hafiz Zafar , Riaz Muhammad , Lin Zhengyan
Published: November 2017

Control charts are widely used to monitor the process parameters. Proper design structure and implementation of a control chart requires its in-control robustness, otherwise, its performance cannot be fairly observed. It is important to know whether a chart is sensitive to disturbances to the model (e.g. normality under which it is developed) or not. This study, explores the robustness of Mixed EWMA-CUSUM (MEC) control chart for location parameter under different non-normal and contaminated environments and compares it with its counterparts. The robustness of the MEC scheme and counterparts is evaluated by using the run length distributions, and for better assessment not only is in-control average run length (ARL) used, but also standard deviation of run length (SDRL) and different percentiles – that is, 5th, 50th and 95th– are considered. A careful insight is necessary in selection and application of control charts in non-normal and contaminated environments. It is observed that the in-control robustness performance of the MEC scheme is quite good in the case of normal, non-normal and contaminated normal distributions as compared with its competitor’s schemes.
Multiplanetary Imaginaries and Utopia
Authors: Tutton Richard
Published: November 2017

The prospect of human societies being made anew on other planets is a powerful recurring theme in popular culture and speculative technoscience. I explore what Science and Technology Studies (STS) offers to analyzing how the future is made and contested in present-day endeavors to establish humans as multiplanetary subjects. I focus on the case of Mars One—an initiative that aims to establish a human settlement on Mars in the 2020s—and discuss interviews undertaken with some of the individuals who have volunteered to be the first humans to live on Mars, drawing on STS work on futures and sociotechnical imaginaries and scholarly discussions of utopia. Seeing themselves as part of a project that would start to “establish what it means to live on another planet,” I discuss how interviewees talked about how sociotechnical relations could be remade in the future, both on Earth and on Mars, through the pursuit of this technoscientific project. I conclude that this project is an expression of a multiplanetary imaginary of human beings no longer subject to Earth—but, through sociotechnical inventiveness, able to live on other planets.
When there is more than one motive
Authors: Andersson Mika , Ivert Anna-Karin , Mellgren Caroline
Published: November 2017

The present study examines experiences of hate crimes with multiple motives with a focus on policy and theory-related issues. The authors found that every fifth hate crime victim reports having experiences of multiple motives. These victims are more likely to report their victimization to the police in comparison to victims of hate crimes with single motives. The results also show that belonging to several socially vulnerable groups does not correlate with higher levels of repeat victimization. This is in contrast with intersectional theory as it would predict heightened levels of victimization among such individuals. Lastly, the results show that individuals who belong to more than one socially vulnerable group are more likely to experience hate crimes with multiple motives. Implications for policy and intersectional theory are discussed.
Death and the Sun Temple: New Evidence for Private Mortuary Cults at Amarna
Authors: Williamson Jacquelyn
Published: November 2017

This article places the Sunshade of Re at Kom el-Nana within the context of inscriptions relating to other Sunshades of Re, in particular those relating to the Sunshade of Re of Hatshepsut. While the Sunshade of Re at Kom el-Nana served the solar cult of the Aten, overseen by the regenerative aspects of royal Amarna women, it also served as a locus for the mortuary cults of the non-royal or noble courtiers at Tell el-Amarna. It is also proposed that Kom el-Nana could have been understood as a type of mortuary locale, with the added possibility that all Aten temples at Amarna may have had a similar function.
Calculating the prominence and isolation of every mountain in the world
Authors: Kirmse Andrew , de Ferranti Jonathan
Published: November 2017

A global-scale calculation identifies peaks in a digital elevation model (DEM) and computes their isolation and topographic prominence. A new DEM is presented that covers the entire globe at 90 meter resolution with no substantial voids or artifacts. All peaks with at least 1 kilometer of isolation are found, and the closest higher ground is identified. For prominence, all peaks with at least ∼30 meters are found, and the key saddle is identified. The prominence algorithm uses results from Morse–Smale topology to run in parallel on standard, freely available elevation data. Thirteen previously unknown “ultra-prominent” mountains with at least 1500 meters of prominence are listed.
Transportation and Aging: An Updated Research Agenda for Advancing Safe Mobility
Authors: Dickerson Anne E. , Molnar Lisa , Bedard Michel , Eby David W. , Classen Sherrilene , Polgar Janice
Published: November 2017

This article discusses what is currently known about three important topics related to older driver safety and mobility: screening and evaluation, education and training interventions, and in-vehicle technology. Progress is being made to improve the safe mobility of older adults in these key areas; however, significant research gaps remain. This article advances the state of knowledge by identifying these gaps, and proposing further research topics will improve the lives of older adults. In addition, we discuss several themes that emerged from the review, including the need for multidisciplinary, community-wide solutions; large-scale, longitudinal studies; improved education/training for both older adults themselves and the variety of stakeholders involved in older adult transportation; and programs and interventions that are flexible and responsive to individual needs and differences.
Municipal solid waste in Brazil: A review
Authors: Alfaia Raquel Greice de Souza Marotta , Costa Alyne Moraes , Campos Juacyara Carbonelli
Published: November 2017

The production of municipal solid waste (MSW) represents one of the greatest challenges currently faced by waste managers all around the world. In Brazil, the situation with regard to solid waste management is still deficient in many aspects. In 2015, only 58.7% of the MSW collected in Brazilian cities received appropriate final disposal. It was only as late as 2010 that Brazil established the National Policy on Solid Waste (NPSW) based on the legislation and programmes established in the 1970s in more developed countries. However, the situation with regard to MSW management has changed little since the implementation of the NPSW. Recent data show that, in Brazil, disposal in sanitary landfills is practically the only management approach to MSW. Contrary to expectations, despite the economic recession in 2015 the total annual amount of MSW generated nationwide increased by 1.7%, while in the same period the Brazilian population grew by 0.8% and economic activity decreased by 3.8%. The article describes the panorama with regard to MSW in Brazil from generation to final disposal and discusses the issues related to the delay in implementing the NPSW. The collection of recyclable material, the recycling process, the application of reverse logistics and the determination of the gravimetric composition of MSW in Brazil are also addressed in this article. Finally, a brief comparison is made between MSW management in Brazil and in other countries, the barriers to developing effective waste disposal systems are discussed and some recommendations for future MSW management development in Brazil are given.
Effectiveness of new wood fire retardants using a cone calorimeter
Authors: Grześkowiak Wojciech Ł
Published: November 2017

This article presents results of fire retardants’ tests for wood. Analysis was conducted for two preparations, A1 containing guanidine carbonate and A2 with urea, in accordance with the standard ISO 5660-1 and nonstandard method using Mini Fire Tube. Samples of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) wood were protected using the above-mentioned mixtures applied under vacuum. Recorded results for pine wood impregnated with the tested preparations at a concentration of 15% show that they have high fire-retardant effectiveness at the intensity of the radiant heat of 35 kW/m2. An increase in the number of nitrogen atoms in the preparation provides greater fire-retardant effectiveness of the agent.
Perpetration and Experience of Intimate Partner Violence Among Residents in Bariga Local Community Development Area, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Dim Emeka Eugene , Ogunye Oluseyi
Published: November 2017

The occurrence of aggressive behavior in intimate relationships carries serious mental and physical health consequences for the victims and children exposed to such events. Studies have been devoted toward understanding the nature and prevalence of the phenomenon; however, there has been a paucity of empirical investigation into the complexities and nuances of the subject matter, and this study seeks to address one of such complexities. This study examines the dynamics of intimate partner violence (IPV) within the context of perpetration and victimization among residents in Bariga Local Community Development Area in Lagos State, Nigeria. Using a cross-sectional survey, 218 married residents of the area were analyzed through bivariate and multivariate regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that gender and socioeconomic factors were not associated with IPV victimization. Educational differences between the respondent and spouse were associated with IPV victimization. Individuals who perpetrated IPV were about 19 times more likely to experience IPV. This study sheds light on the areas of IPV that tend to be ignored in academic literature and it calls for more empirical investigation, both at the quantitative and qualitative levels, to be conducted for better understanding of the subject matter.
Opposition as victimhood in newspaper debates about same-sex marriage
Authors: Turner Georgina , Mills Sara , van der Bom Isabelle , Coffey-Glover Laura , Paterson Laura L , Jones Lucy
Published: November 2017

In this article, we take a queer linguistics approach to the analysis of data from British newspaper articles that discuss the introduction of same-sex marriage. Drawing on methods from critical discourse analysis (CDA) and corpus linguistics, we focus on the construction of agency in relation to the government extending marriage to same-sex couples, and those resisting this. We show that opponents to same-sex marriage are represented and represent themselves as victims whose moral values, traditions and civil liberties are being threatened by the state. Specifically, we argue that victimhood is invoked in a way that both enables and permits discourses of implicit homophobia.
Prehending Addiction: Alcohol and Other Drug Professionals’ Encounters With “New” Addictions
Authors: Farrugia Adrian , Fraser Suzanne
Published: November 2017

This article investigates the ways new forms of addiction are encountered by professionals working in the area of alcohol and other drugs. Combining interviews with policymakers, service providers, and peer advocates in three countries (Australia, Canada, and Sweden), and Mike Michael’s utilization of the notion of prehension for science communication, we track the notions of addiction, drugs, and subjectivity that emerge when alcohol and other drug professionals encounter what Fraser, Moore and Keane call the addicting of nonsubstance-related practices. The analysis has three parts: constituting addiction unity, questioning addiction unity, and conflicting logics of addicting processes. We argue that specific articulations of drugs and health and specific health professional and addiction subjects are made anew in these encounters. These notions of drugs, health, and subjectivity shape how alcohol and other drug professionals engage with substance-related addictions. In concluding, we consider the implications of new addictions for professional practice.
Symptom Experience, Self-Care Adherence, and Quality of Life Among Heart Transplant Recipients in South Korea
Authors: Kim Jisu , Kim Kyunghee , Jang Insil
Published: November 2017

Among heart transplant recipients, the perceived quality of life (QOL) is a key indicator of successful transplantation. QOL is affected by posttransplant treatments, including immunosuppressive therapy or self-care. However, few studies have evaluated QOL after heart transplantation in South Korea. This study aimed to investigate posttransplant symptoms associated with immunosuppressant, self-care adherence, and QOL in 105 heart transplant recipients in South Korea. Educational status (β = −1.05, p = .013), symptoms (β = −3.98, p = .004), and diet (β = 0.38, p < .001) were found to affect subjects’ overall QOL. In addition to these factors, caregivers and the duration of heart disease (years) were found to be influencing factors, depending on the individual QOL subdimension. These findings highlight the importance of controlling symptoms and managing medications as well as of self-care (particularly dietary compliance). Educational programs targeting beneficial changes in lifestyle, including diet, are needed.
Hand Grip Strength And Peak Expiratory Flow Among Individuals With Diabetes: Findings From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study Baseline Survey
Authors: Ma Tianrong , Liu Tingting , Wu Dongmei , Li Changwei
Published: November 2017

The manifestation of muscle dysfunction associated with diabetes is commonly observed in skeletal muscles. The negative effect of hyperglycemia on muscle function is systemic and it may extend to abdominal muscles. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine whether hand grip strength (HGS), an indicator of peripheral muscle strength, correlates with peak expiratory flow (PEF), which reflects the strength of abdominal muscles, among middle-aged and older Chinese individuals with diabetes. After controlling for all variables except for physical activity, 10 L/min increase in PEF was associated with 0.2 kg increase in HGS (β = .02, p < .0001). In the model additionally controlling for physical activity, the effect size of PEF on HGS did not change (β = .02, p < .0001). Our results suggest that among individuals with diabetes, PEF is positively related to HGS. The relationship may suggest a decline in PEF and a weakness of abdominal muscles.