bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Geoinformation system of the Martkopi station: communications and prospects
Authors: Maghlakelidze Robert , Gordeziani Tengiz , Jamaspishvili Neli , Sharashenidze Manana
Published: October 2020

Martkopi Physical-Geographical station is more than half a century (50 years). This station was founded by the initiative of the head of the Department of Physical Geography, Tbilisi State University M.S. Saneblidze. A place (30 km North-East of Tbilisi) was chosen in 1962. In 1963, 3 buildings were built (the fourth was built in 1967), and on May 20, 1965 constant meteorological observations were started. During the first stage of research, in addition to meteorological observations, comprehensive physical and geographical studies of the surroundings of the Martkopi station (the Yalno ridge and adjacent territories) were carried out, and a detailed landscape map of this territory was compiled (on a scale of 1 : 25 000). In 1969, studies of the structure and functioning of the landscapes of the station environs were began. However, basically, these studies were carried out according to the methodology of biogeocenological and ecological stations.

As the beginning of the “golden period” of researches at station considered to be May 20, 1971, when a new research program was adopted. This program allowed to take 5000–6000 readings during the day throughout the year, on the basis of which it was possible to get an idea of more than 100 parameters characterizing the daily state of the structure and functioning of natural-territorial complexes (NTC). The results of these studies were published in the bulletins “Observations and studies at the Martkopi station” (1973–1975). It is from this period that multicomponent studies begin, both of the structure and functioning, and of the states of the NTC.

The Martkopi physico-geographical station and established on its basis the Research Laboratory for the Study of Environmental Conditions by Aerospace Methods at the Tbilisi State University in 1979, became the center of the study of the mountain geosystems’ conditions using the example of Caucasus. In this period, under the leadership of N.L. Beruchashvili was created the first expert geographic information system based on a computer and thus laid the foundation for the creation of the multicomponent working geographic system of the Martkopi physico-geographical station.
MANAJEMEN KANTIN SEHAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEGIATAN BELAJAR MENGAJAR (Studi Kasus di SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung)
Authors: Sri Mulyani Imas Tatu , Suryapermana Nana
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is (1). Describe healthy canteen service management planning (2) Describe the management of healthy canteen services (3) Describe the implementation of healthy canteen service management (4) Describe supporting factors for managing healthy canteen services (5) Describe the inhibiting factors for healthy canteen service management, and (6) in improving teaching and learning activities at SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method, namely research to describe the management of healthy canteens in SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung objectively through data that actually exists and occurs. The data source consists of primary data and secondary data. In data collection tools are used in the form of documentation, observation, and interviews. The data analysis technique is carried out by following the steps which include; reduction and by selecting and sorting out data, important data is taken and unnecessary data is discarded. Based on the results of the study found that the principles of healthy canteen management of SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung are planned (health, educative, affordable prices and cooperation) that will help improve student learning activities, healthy canteens of SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung by running several socialization programs on canteens about healthy eating that have increased knowledge students, Supporters of SMAN 3 Rangkasbitung canteens already have healthy canteen standards. This has been proven by obtaining the Adiwiyata certificate from the Ministry of Food Security.
PENERAPAN PRINSIP AKUNTABILITAS PADA PEMBIAYAAN KEGIATAN EKSTRAKURIKULER KEAGAMAAN DI MADRASAH ALIYAH PARADIGMA PALEMBANG
Authors: Nazarudin Nazarudin , Setyaningsih Kris , Ardelya Kesumah Masayu Nadya
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the application of the principle of accountability in the financing of religious extracurricular activities in the Madrasah Aliyah Paradigma Palembang and the factors that support and inhibit the application of the principle of accountability in the financing of religious extracurricular activities in the Madrasah Aliyah Paradigma Palembang. This type of research is field research with a descriptive qualitative approach. The informants of this research are the madrasa head, Madrasa deputy head, madrasa treasurer and religious extracurricular adviser. The data collection tools used were interviews, observation and documentation study. After the data is collected then it is analyzed using the Milies and Huberman approach. Activities in data analysis in this approach are: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing / verification. Based on the results of research and discussion, conclusions can be drawn, namely: Application of the Principle of Accountability in Financing Religious Extracurricular Activities in Madrasah Aliyah Paradigma Palembang has been going well. It is clear that transparency of education providers is open to receiving input and including various components in budget management. Meet clear performance standards in every activity that can serve as benchmarks in carrying out duties, functions and authority with a full sense of responsibility. Participation from all parties to create a conducive atmosphere for each other. Factors supporting the application of the principle of accountability are setting clear goals and objectives. Solid institutional structure. Establish a clear and directed policy. Planning that is realistic, detailed and in accordance with needs. The inhibiting factors are the limitations of research in obtaining other supporting data sources regarding the financing of extracurricular activities such as evidence of financial allocation / expenditure transactions and accountability reports.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN MUTU TERPADU SEBAGAI STRATEGI EFEKTIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA SEKOLAH
Authors: Nur Fauz Hafidh , Perawironegoro Djamaluddin , Suyadi Suyadi
Published: October 2020

Education is very important in improving the quality of human resource. The quality of education is a hope and a dream for community. Total Quality Management can improve school performance if it is applied appropriately. This research aimed to find out the programming, implementation programs, and factors affecting the implementation of Total Quality Management. This research employed descriptive method with qualitative approach. Technique of data collection used was interview, observation, and documentation. The research subjects were principal, teachers, and staffs. The results showed that: (1) the Muhammadiyah Elementary School Bantul refer to the principles of Total Quality Management in programming. (2) The implementation of Total Quality Management involved all school elements. The beneficial implementation of Total Quality Management was to increase teachers’ performance in order to affect students’ achievement and school performance. (3) The factors affecting were motivating factor and inhibiting factor. Motivating factors include a good quality of teachers and principal, an adequate infrastructure, a high level of trust and public interest of parents and school committee. The inhibiting factors include inadequate human resources and the incompatibility of teachers and staff’s performance with Total Quality Management.
Peralihan Kredit Kepemilikan Rumah Subsidi Tanpa Persetujuan Pihak Bank
Authors: Mulada Diman Ade , Rahman Arief
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the strength of the deed of subsidized housing ownership credit without the approval of the bank. The type of research is using normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches to the method. The results of the research conducted concluded that the power of the subsidized mortgage loan transfer deed made by the subsidized mortgage debtor to a third party (buyer) without the approval of the bank, only binds the subsidized mortgage debtor with a third party (buyer). Meanwhile, the bank is not bound by the transfer. So that the consequence is that the bank does not recognize the transfer of subsidized housing loans made by subsidized mortgage debtors to third parties, and does not eliminate the obligation of subsidized mortgage debtors to pay off their debts to the bank until the agreed period of time, even though the next payment is up to the credit period. ends done by a third party (buyer).

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kekuatan akta peralihan kredit kepemilikan rumah subsidi tanpa persetujuan pihak bank. Adapun jenis penelitiannya adalah menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menyimpulkan bahwa Kekuatan akta peralihan kredit kepemilikan rumah subsidi yang dibuat oleh debitur KPR subsidi kepada pihak ketiga (pembeli) tanpa persetujuan dari pihak bank, hanya mengikat pihak debitur KPR subsidi dengan pihak ketiga (pembeli). Sedangkan bagi pihak bank tidak terikat terkait dengan peralihan tersebut. Sehingga konsekuensinya bank tidak mengakui terjadinya peralihan kredit kepemilikan rumah subsidi yang dibuat oleh debitur KPR subsidi kepada pihak ketiga, dan tidak menghapuskan kewajiban debitur KPR subsidi untuk melunasi hutangnya kepada pihak bank sampai dengan jangka waktu yang telah disepakti, meskipun pembayaran berikutnya sampai dengan jangka waktu kredit berakhir dilakukan oleh pihak ketiga (pembeli).
PREVALENCE OF OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE SYMPTOMS IN PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kotadia Hiral , Priyanka Gupta
Published: October 2020

Background : Obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) have known to co-occur with various psychiatric disorders and have an impact on severity and course of these psychiatric disorders.
Knowing the prevalence of OCS in different psychiatric disorders can give a better understanding about the illness and help in shaping its management. This study aims at finding prevalence, types & severity of OCS in patients presenting with different psychiatric disorders in Psychiatry Out patient department at a tertiary care institute.
Methodology : A total of 380 patients were included in the. Clinical diagnosis of obsessions & compulsions was made as per criteria in Diagnostic & Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM IV- TR). Yale brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) was applied for assessing severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms.
Results & Conclusion: Prevalence of OCs in Psychiatric Disorders to be 5%. The Prevalence of OCS in patients with Psychotic Disorders was found to be 9.9% , in patients with Mood Disorders was found to be 6.6%, in patients with Anxiety Disorders was found to be 2.3% and in patients with Substance Use Disorders was found to be 1.8%. The most common Form of Obsession was Obsessive Thoughts (31.6%), the most common Content was Inanimate-Impersonal (31.6%) and the most common Compulsion was Washing (60%). Mean YBOCS Score of all 19 patients was 9.95 (SD=5.1, Median=9). 36.8% patients had Subclinical Severity (0-7), 47.4% patients had Mild Severity (8-15) and 15.8% patients had Moderate Severity (16-23). Psychotic & mood disorders were further assessed for types & severity of OCS. Though the prevalence of OCS in current study is less compared to previous studies, it still is significant. Thus various psychiatric disorders should be evaluated for presence of OCS.
A CROSS SECTIONAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF OCD IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Srivastava Chhitij , Singh Abhishek Pratap , Anwar Zeeshan , Kesharwani Santosh Kumar
Published: October 2020

This study was a part of a bigger multicentric study to examine the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of children and adolescents (age ≤18 years) with OCD. Our sample comprised 30 subjects with OCD. Socio-demographic data was collected on a proforma specifically designed for this study. Clinical information was obtained on Structured clinical interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th edition Research Version (SCID), Children’s Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CYBOCS), the Children’s Depression Rating Scale–Revised (CDRS) and the Family Interview for Genetic Studies (FIGS). In our sample 70% of participants were male and 67.7% had onset of symptoms before 14 years of age. Most common obsessions in our participants were of doubts about contamination and magical thinking/superstitious while the most common compulsions were those involving checking, washing and rituals involving other persons. Comorbid psychiatric disorders were seen in 63.3% patients with most common being depression, Obsessive Compulsive Related Disorders (OCRDs), intermittent explosive disorder and anxiety disorder. The associated OCD symptoms on CYBOCS including lack of insight, avoidance and indecisiveness were on a spectrum. 46.6% had positive family history of OCD in first degree relative.
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PULMONARY REHABILITATION AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors: Karpukkarasi Karpukkarasi , N Arasumani.
Published: October 2020

Background : Worldwide, about 65 million people have moderate to severe COPD. It’s estimated that 12 million more have the disease, but don’t know it yet. Most people with COPD are 40 years of age or older. The majority of people with COPD are smokers or former smokers. Smoking is the most important risk factor that can be changed. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of COPD patients regarding pulmonary rehabilitation. Methods: Pre experimental design of one group pre and post test group design was selected for the study. Evaluative approach was adopted for the study. The participants were 60 COPD patients from the Manjunath hospital, Bangalore. Using Purposive sampling technique samples were selected. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect data from the subjects. Results: Findings of the study revealed that in pretest, out of 60 patients, 45(75.0%) had inadequate knowledge, 15(25.0%) had moderate knowledge and none of the patients had adequate knowledge. In post test, out of 60 mothers, 46(76.7%) had adequate knowledge, 14(23.3%) had moderate knowledge and none of the mothers had inadequate knowledge. Enhancement was computed by using paired ‘t’ test at 0.05 level of significance and it was found to be 19.27,indicating that there is a significant improvement in the knowledge on pulmonary rehabilitation among COPD patients. There was statistically significant association found between demographic variables such as age, gender, smoking status and source of information with pre-test level of knowledge on pulmonary rehabilitation. Conclusion: The study concluded that the structured teaching program was effective in terms of gain in knowledge of COPD patients regarding pulmonary rehabilitation. For health policy makers, the results of the current study urge for the development of COPD prevention programs failing which the burden of COPD might result in increased mortality, morbidity and economic burden.
Evaluation of Nonlinear Interference Effects in a Dispersion Managed (DM) Optical Fiber: Performance and Transmission Analysis of 16QAM Modulation using Split Step Fourier Method
Authors: Rading Reinhardt
Published: October 2020

This paper investigates the impact on the optical

signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) of the residual per span (RDPS) in a N × 100km dispersion managed system with zero total accumulated dispersion from input to output using split step Fourier method (SSFM) -Monte Carlo simulation.

This paper shows that the nonlinear interference NLI does in-fact impact the performance yielding different best working power depending on the value of Nx100 km span and the type of dispersion managed link. The paper shows that dispersion uncompensated optical links are preferable to dispersion managed fibers in equalizing NLI effects in long haul optical links.
HUMAN RESOURCES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION
Authors:   Kirovograd Institute for Human Development, Chernenko Alexander
Published: October 2020

Modernization and reform of the Ukrainian education system requires a change in approaches to the management of educational institutions, ie the application of the concept of pedagogical management. The main productive force of the educational organization is the scientific and pedagogical staff, which provides quality services for the training of young professionals and creates intellectual products of scientific and technical creativity, and for this it must be effectively managed. In the conditions of market relations there are certain threats in the personnel management system of the educational institution: loss of results of scientific and technical developments, conflicts of personnel, mistakes in the performance of professional duties, corruption, theft. The purpose of the article is to clarify the essence of personnel security of higher education and characterize the management function of the educational organization. The security of the higher educational institution is characterized, which is a set of organizational and managerial measures aimed at creating comfortable and safe conditions for the implementation of educational and scientific activities by participants in the educational process. It is established that the financial and economic security of the educational organization is a system of effective tools of managerial influence on the teaching staff, aimed at the effective use of scientific, material, financial resources to ensure the quality of educational services. It is proved that personnel security of a higher education institution is the creation of a system of measures to counteract the negative threats of the educational environment, using administrative, organizational, socio-psychological management methods to protect the labor interests of research and teaching staff and promote creative activity. The article identifies and characterizes the practical application of the functions of pedagogical management of higher education: management decisions, planning, organization, motivation, control, coordination and regulation.
THE ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   KROK University, Abdalqhadr Ali
Published: October 2020

With the increasing interest in the concept of governance, this research aims to draw attention the role of corporate governance for modernization the companies administration and its impact on the development of the economy. especially that the concept of good governance is of great importance, especially in view of the transformations and developments that have afflicted the states and societies in recent decades, through a set of reforms that have affected many areas and that aim to Modernization and development administration in institutions, which suffers from a set of problems and which constitute an obstacle to achieving the objectives of the public service to raise the quality of services and development of the economy. The results showed that that applying the concept of good governance as a tool or a system for the modernization administration and development of economy , will inevitably have an effective impact on modernizing of corporate administration and achieving economic development, by making the administration impartial and at the service of society.
STUDY ON COPING AMONG PARENTS WITH CHRONIC ILL CHILD
Authors: Mera Thomas  , Sannet Thomas
Published: October 2020

Coping is the use of cognitive and behavioral strategies to manage the demands of a situation when these are appraised as taxing or exceeding one’s resources or to reduce the negative emotions and conflict caused by stress(American Psychological Association). A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina. Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders. A mentally disabled is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability and a lack of skills necessary for day-to-day living. People with intellectual disabilities can and do learn new skills, but they learn them more slowly. The study aimed to find the coping of parents with physically or mentally disabled child in different situations or occasions. The sample considered included a total of 35 parents with 18 females and 17 males were selected using purposive sampling. Coping Health Inventory for Parents (McCubbin, Patterson, Cauble, Wilson and Warwick, 1983) was used for data collection. The data was analyzed using frequency distribution, standard deviation and correlation. The result showed that the coping patterns were different based on their gender. The father were having a higher emotional disturbance as compared to that of the mother, they also had an unsatisfactory relationship to the chronically ill-child. Whereas, the mother had a higher level of relationship with the chronically ill-child. The result also showed that there was a significant correlation between the coping patterns of many families in different occasion.
BALANCED SCORE CARD AND ORGANISATIONAL SUCCESS OF SMES IN RIVERS STATE
Authors: Joseph-Wakama Josephine  , B. Chima Onuoha
Published: October 2020

The impact of the balance scorecard on the success of small and medium-sized enterprises in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, was examined in this study. Ex Post Facto research design was adopted and data was collected in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, from annual reports and accounts of small and medium-sized enterprises. To test the hypotheses formulated with the assistance of SPSS version 25.0.0, simple regression analysis was used. On this basis, the research revealed that the company's Growth and Learning perspective, consumer perspective and business process outlook had an impact on the return on small and medium-sized businesses' assets in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. At the same time, criterion variables (after tax profits) and predictor variables (growth and learning, clients and perspectives on business processes) have a statistically significant effect on organizational success. The study therefore suggested, among other things, that; small and medium scale firms should consider the issue of production costs and must improve their cost minimization strategy. Also, consumers should be more involved in decision-making to make them feel valued and continue to provide the firm with business rather than competition.
BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL PERFORMANCE: A CASE STUDY OF BOTTLED WATER COMPANIES IN RIVERS STATE
Authors: Joseph-Wakama Josephine  , B. Chima Onuoha
Published: October 2020

The paper examined the impact of business environment on the entrepreneurial performance of bottled water companies in Nigeria. Literature on the business environment and entrepreneurial performance in Nigeria is also presented. Second, on the basis of a sample of 3 bottled water companies with a sample size of 105, a questionnaire was developed to gather information from respondents, using a correlation analysis, the collected and analysed data. In conjunction with measures such as productivity and customer satisfaction, dimensions such as the internal environment and the external environment include a moderating variable which is organizationally structured to capture all aspects of the model. The study found that the internal environment, a proxy for business environments, shows a positive and significant relationship with productivity as the best measure for the environment in bottled water companies in Port Harcourt, and the external environment shows a positive and meaningful relationship with productivity as the best measure for the environment in bottled water companies in Port Harcourt It is recommended that, as far as possible, the management of Bottled Water companies should provide employees with an attractive working environment and provide opportunities for development to enhance employee career growth and make them satisfied to remain in the organization and plan strategically for changes to the external environment. The study concluded that there was an impact on entrepreneurial performance on the external business environment, political, economic, technological and socio-cultural, etc. To identify opportunities and threats to their company and organization, organizations should therefore understand the implications of the entrepreneurial performance of their business activities.
KEYWORDS: Business Environment, Internal environment, external environment, Entrepreneurial performance, Bottle water companies
PERBANDINGAN TARIF BIAYA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS RAWAT INAP UMUM DAN BPJS DI SALAH SATU RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DI DENPASAR PERIODE 2019
Authors: Megawati Fitria , Suwantara I Putu Tangkas , Suryani Ni Luh Sri Adi
Published: October 2020

Diabetes Melitus merupakan salah satu sindrom kelainan metabolik yang memiliki karakteristik yaitu hiperglikemik dan merupakan salah satu penyakit kronik yang cukup banyak diderita oleh masyarakat. Penyakit tersebut merupakan jenis penyakit kronik yang membutuhkan biaya terapi yang besar. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran tarif biaya pengobatan pada pasien Diabetes Melitus rawat inap umum dan BPJS di salah satu rumah sakit di Denpasar pada Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif observasional berdasarkan catatan pengambilan obat yang terdapat pada rekam medik serta bagian keuangan.Teknik sampling yang dipakai pada penelitian ini yakni purposive sampling. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah mengetahui perbandingan rata-rata biaya pengobatan pasien Diabetes Melitus rawat inap kepesertaan BPJS di rumah sakit tersebut periode 2019. Hasil penelitian adalah rata-rata perbandingan pada kamar kelas III sebesar Rp. 2.172.880 dalam satu kali periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan 2 hari. Pada kamar kelas II sebesar Rp. 3.257.061 dalam satu periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan selama 3 hari. Pada kamar kelas I sebesar Rp. 3.583.260 dalam satu kali periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan selama 3 hari. Pada kamar kelas VIP B sebesar Rp. 5.163.957 dalam satu kali periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan 3 hari. Sedangkan rata-rata biaya pengobatan pasien Diabetes Melitus rawat inap umum pada kamar kelas III sebesar Rp. 3.343.983 dalam satu kali periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan 3 hari. Pada kamar kelas II sebesar Rp. 4.525.946 dalam satu kali periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan 3 hari. Pada kamar kelas I sebesar Rp. 7.813.395 dalam satu kali periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan selama 4 hari. Pada kamar kelas VIP B sebesar Rp. 12.491.204 dalam satu kali periode rawat inap dengan rata-rata lama perawatan 6 hari.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIINFLAMASI GEL EKSTRAK KULIT MANGGIS DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI
Authors: Buana Komang Dirga Mega , Dewi Kadek Nadia Martha , Pratiwi Ni Kadek Ria , Permatahati Dwi Mega , Putri Putu Rika Jesika , Yanti Luh Pratiwi Diva , Swastini Dewa Ayu
Published: October 2020

Inflamasi merupakan respon pertahanan tubuh terhadap invasi benda asing, kerusakan jaringan atau keduanya. Inflamasi ditandai dengan adanya rubor (kemerahan), kalor (panas), dolor (nyeri) dan tumor (pembengkakan). Di alam terdapat berbagai senyawa yang dapat memberikan aktivitas sebagai antiinflamasi, salah satunya adanya senyawa yang terkandung dalam kulit buah manggis. Ekstrak kulit buah manggis yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antiinflamasi, yakni γ-mangostin. Kandungan γ-mangostin pada kulit buah manggis diketahui dapat menghambat jalur aktivitas siklooksigenase (COX-2) dan dapat menurunkan level dari PGE2 (Nakatani dkk., 2004).Penelitian dilakukan dengan 6 ekor mencit yang menjadi 2 kelompok uji. Kelompok I sebagai kelompok kontrol (1 ekor mencit untuk Kontrol Positif, 1 ekor mencit untuk Kontrol Negatif dan 1 ekor mencit untuk Kontrol Normal) dan kelompok II sebagai kelompok uji sebanyak 3 ekor mencit. Pada tiap kaki kanan belakang mencit pada kontrol negatif dioleskan 100mg basis sediaan uji, pada mencit kontrol positif dioleskan 100mg voltaren emulgel dan pada kontrol normal tidak diberikan apapun. Sedangkan pada kelompok II dioleskan 100mg sediaan uji. Setelah diberi perlakuan, terhadap kaki kanan belakang mencit seluruh kelompok kecuali kelompok kontrtol normal diinjeksikan larutan karagenan sebanyak 0,1mL. Diukur volume kaki kanan belakang mencit hingga tanda batas yang telah diberikan pada menit ke-30, 60, dan 90 terhitung setelah pemberian injeksi karagenan (Vt). Nilai persen aktivitas antiinflamasi sediaan uji yang paling mendekati kontrol positif (voltaren emulgel) adalah sediaan uji dengan konsentrasi 0,1% yaitu 25,07%; 55,28%, dan 82,33% pada menit ke-30, 60 dan 90 secara berturut turut.
THE PERCEPTION OF EFL STUDENTS TO THE USE OF CODE-SWITCHING IN CLASSROOM
Authors: Vonny Purnama
Published: October 2020

Bahasa memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan kita sehari-hari. Penggunaannya tidak terlepas dari komunikasi kita sehari-hari. Salah satu bahasa yang digunakan oleh semua orang di dunia untuk berkomunikasi satu sama lain sebagai bahasa internasional yaitu bahasa Inggris. Bahasa ini merupakan bahasa asing bagi siswa EFL khususnya di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, dalam proses pengajaran bahasa ini, biasanya terjadi alih kode. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa EFL terhadap penggunaan alih kode di dalam kelas. Para siswa yang menjadi perhatian adalah siswa yang berada pada kelas mata kuliah bahasa Inggris untuk pendidikan tinggi. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian ini langsung dari angket siswa. Penelitian kualitatif diterapkan dalam penelitian ini dalam menganalisis data. Terdapat tiga puluh satu siswa yang terlibat dalam kuesioner setelah mereka menyelesaikan kelas mata kuliah bahasa Inggris. Data dari angket tersebut, kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan teori Cohen (2010) untuk mengetahui persepsi siswa tentang penggunaan alih kode dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa memberikan persepsi positif mengenai penggunaan alih kode dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing. Persepsi positif tentang penggunaan alih kode ini diharapkan dapat digunakan dalam proses belajar mengajar bahasa Inggris bagi siswa EFL.
TANDA EMOSI TROPES SYMBOL PADA KOMIK INDONESIA PASUTRI GAJE
Authors: Ni Putu Candra Lestari  , Ni Putu Ira Puspita Dewi
Published: October 2020

This study aims to describe symbolic form of sign used to describe the emotions of Pasutri Gaje comic characters. Theoretically, this study discusses tropes symbols as additional elements whose existence has a major influence on conveying the emotions of the characters to the readers. This is a descriptive qualitative study. Apply the theory of semiotics proposed by Ferdinand de Saussure about dichotomy signifie dan significant and Pierce about triadic feature of sign.  Datas sourced from picture of online comic Pasutri Gaje season 1 until episode 13 season 3. Datas is collected by observing method with recording and note-taking technique. Data were analysed by extralingual equivalent methods and comparative relational techniques. Data presented used formal and informal method.

            There seven kind of emotions symbol called tropes symbol used in comic. There were cross popin for angry sign, sweat drops to clumsy sign, drool to show feeling tempted, chibi to show childish side, dog ear/tail to express innocence in expecting something, blush to express feeling embarrassed, and shadow over face to show extreme anger. Tropes symbols fulfills the element of signification in accordance with the concept proposed by Pierce hence it can convey the emotional situation of character to the readers.
Use of media terminology and employment in Iraqi satellite channels
"An analytical study of the major news bulletins in Al Sharqiya News"
Authors: غانم نوري الحسني صلاح
Published: October 2020

This research is descriptive research, which aims to identify the most used media terms in the Iraqi satellite channels, and thus to identify the similarities and differences between them, and then the statement of employment in these channels. The survey method was used through content analysis, In the study of the contents of the media, and represents the research community Iraqi satellite channels, and then determine the type of sample is an intentional sample selection of news news (harvest) in the channel East News satellite, and monitored for the period 1/1/2019 until 1/4/2019, Then analyzed.
The main findings of the research are: The political terminology is one of the most used terms in the major news bulletins in Al-Sharqiya News. It was found that the use of media terms was similar in all major news bulletins. They have been employed in major news bulletins.
PROMOTING THE PRACTICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN PROFESSIONS FOR THE ETHICS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AS A CASE STUDY
Authors: أحمد بلال أحمد بله
Published: October 2020

This study aimed at introducing the use of the Internet in providing information services in libraries and information centers, as well as clarifying the leading role of the Internet in terms of the purposes of its use and ways to benefit from it through a theoretical study on the description and analysis of the use of the Internet in this and identify the positive aspects in order to promote and develop. I have relied on the documentary and descriptive approach as well as observation through the researcher's professional experience. The results showed that the use of the global network will save a lot of time, effort and costs by investing its potential to perform many direct and indirect services and recommended the need to provide the necessary requirements of equipment and software activities and functions performed by libraries and information centers.
Presentación: El mundo sobrenatural andino
Authors: Allpanchis Revista
Published: October 2020

In this second issue, the Revista ALLPANCHIS PHUTURINQA presents five studies whose general theme is: the Andean supernatural world. The studies that are published are not only of anecdotal interest, due to the exotic nature of the ideas expressed, but also stimulate the study of the Andean religious phenomenon. The studies go without comments or explanations. Some may feel disappointed. However, opportunities for serious reflection in common should not be lacking.
La religiosidad en Qollana
Authors: Michaud Andree
Published: October 2020

Primeramente, quisiera mencionar las principales características de la comunidad. Son considerados como gente de Qollana: a) Los miembros de las familias nucleares que poseen derechos sobre los terrenos de cultivo, dentro de la comunidad de Qollana misma; no importa si viven allí en la actualidad o no. b) Y que se consideran a ellos mismo como pertenecientes a la comunidad.
Apuntes sobre el mundo sobrenatural de Llavini
Authors: Cáceres Olazo Mariano
Published: October 2020

Aproximadamente, a un kilómetro y al Nor-este de la ciudad de Puno, se encuentra el ayllu de Llavini que, juntamente con los de Chhullunkiani, Chhulluni y Huerta, constituye la parcialidad de Waraya. Según Bertonio, llawina significa: "cerrar, juntar la puerta sin llave o con llave". Por lo que creemos que el nombre actual de Llavini es una derivación de este vocábulo, ya que los habitantes del lugar, de padres a hijos, son los encargados de desempeñar el cargo de Sacristanes, y por consiguiente de abrir cerrar las puertas del templo parroquial de San Juan de la ciudad de Puno.
Law, Hierarchy, and Gender
Authors: Rhein Valérie
Published: October 2020

Why do the tannaim exempt women from time-bound commandments (m. Qiddushin 1:7)? In this paper it is argued that the unequal levels of obligation for men and women in rabbinic Judaism creates a hierarchy of mitzvot between them that mimics and virtually replaces the earlier biblical hierarchy of mitzvot between priests and Israel. In both constellations the rabbis consider the obligation to fulfill more commandments to be a privilege. The similarity between the hierarchies priests–Israel and men–women becomes apparent when the selection of commandments from which the tannaim and the amoraim explicitly exempt women are examined more closely: Many of them – the time-bound commandments shofar, lulav, tzitzit, tefillin, and shema as well as the non-time-bound mitzvah of Torah study – share a common feature, namely, their function as “ersatz Temple rituals.” During the transition from a Temple-oriented, priest-based Judaism to a study-oriented rabbinic Judaism, rituals such as these played a crucial role.
Considerações acerca do uso da Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (PBL) em um Curso Técnico Integrado ao Ensino Médio
Authors: Almeida de Souza Caroline , Ferreira da Fonseca Rogério
Published: October 2020

Este artigo apresenta um recorte de uma pesquisa na qual investigou-se de que forma a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (PBL) pode ser utilizada para explorar conceitos pertinentes à futura atuação profissional dos alunos. Como procedimento metodológico desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, coletando os dados por meio da observação semiestruturada dos encontros tutoreados e análise interpretativa de algumas avaliações. Mediante a um estudo de caso, averiguou-se possíveis vantagens e desvantagens da metodologia com educandos do 1º ano de um curso Técnico em Eletrônica Integrado ao Ensino Médio. Como principais resultados teve-se a possibilidade de abordar diversos conceitos das áreas de Física, Química, Segurança no Trabalho e Matemática, além do trabalho em grupos. Como desvantagens, obteve-se a sensação de não solução do problema por alguns alunos. Concluiu-se que os papéis desempenhados pelos tutores determinaram o desencadeamento de vantagens e desvantagens da PBL em relação as aprendizagens dos alunos, além disso, a quebra de contrato didático não pode ser considerada uma desvantagem, pois pode ser utilizada para promover novas reflexões e atitudes nos envolvidos.
Effect of Spraying of Organic Fertilizers (ALGAZON) and Dry Yeast Extract on some Vegetative Parameters and the Yield of Volatile Oil and its Qualities of Myrtus (Myrtus communis L.)
Authors: Salih Ikbal I. , Hasan Fatima A. , Mohammed Khawla H.
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted at the nursery of Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture College, University of Basrah, Qarmat Ali campus, at the agricultural season 2018-2019. The Experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D), with two factors, the First factor was organic fertilizer (ALGAZON) with three concentrations (0, 1.5 and 3) ml. L-1, the Second factor was dry yeast extract in three concentrations (0, 3 and 6) g. L-1, by five sprinkles one month between them and a five-day difference between the factors. The results showed that spraying with organic fertilizer (Algazon) at a concentration of 3 ml.L-1, led to a significant increase on the plant height, the main stem diameter, leaf area, main branches number, the fresh and dry weight of the leaves, the dry matter percentage of the leaves, the percentage of oil, the oil yield in the plant, the productivity of volatile per hectare, specific weight and the density of the oil. Sprinkle with dry yeast extract at 6 g. L-1, resulted a significant increase in all vegetative parameters studied and oil yield. The interaction between the organic fertilizers (ALGAZON) spraying treatments was 3 ml. L-1 and dry yeast extract 6 g. L-1, were a significant effect, led to an increase in plant height, the main stem diameter, leaf area, the branches number , Fresh and dry weight of the leaves and the percentage of dry matter, the percentage of oil, Yield oil in plant, productivity of volatile per hectare, refractive index, specific weight and the density of the oil.
Profession : faiseuse de revues
Authors: Querrien Anne
Published: October 2020

Si Anne Querrien n’en a jamais créé, elle fut et reste une « faiseuse de revue ». Elle retrace son parcours depuis Recherches universitaires , du Centre étudiant de recherches syndicales, poursuivi avec Recherche s créée en 1966 par Félix Guattari. L’amitié avec Xavier Joseph, dès les années étudiantes, la conduit à la tête de Éducation permanente . Elle intègre ensuite le CERFI fondé par Guattari et dirige, entre autres, avec Guy Hocquenghem le fameux numéro « Trois milliards de pervers » de la Grande encyclopédie des homosexualités. Embauchée à la Mission de la Recherche urbaine, elle dirigera les Annales de la Recherche urbaine en 1985 pour 80 numéros. Depuis sa retraite, elle participe à Chimère s créée en 1986 par Deleuze et Guattari et Multitudes publiée depuis 2000. Fidèle à ses engagements de gauche, ayant le goût du collectif, Anne Querrien apprécie dans les revues leur côté artisanal, l’engagement physique qu’elles supposent, et l’invention qui fait de chaque numéro une création.
Le droit et l’animal : sur les traces d’un post-humanisme juridique
Authors: Lazaro Christophe
Published: October 2020

Depuis quelques années, le droit semble marqué par un « tournant animaliste », révélant une sensibilité accrue à l’égard du vivant. Que ce soit à travers la voie législative ou contentieuse, le droit brouille les frontières de la summa divisio qu’il posait jusqu’alors entre les personnes et les choses. Ainsi, les animaux, voire la Nature dans son ensemble, se voient parfois reconnaître le statut de sujet de droit. La présente contribution a pour objectif de faire la lumière sur les présupposés anthropologiques et normatifs accompagnant les récentes stratégies juridiques déployées par divers acteurs afin de protéger les animaux. L’enquête vise à repérer les différentes manières pour le droit de saisir les rapports entre humains et animaux et d’identifier ainsi les éventuelles traces d’un glissement vers un paradigme post-humaniste.
Les religions, des transcendances à même le monde
Authors: Müller Denis
Published: October 2020

L’auteur présente et discute la démarche méthodologique, philosophique, sociologique et théologique de Pierre Gisel dans son livre intitulé Sortir le religieux de sa boîte noire . Plusieurs concepts de base de l’ouvrage sont mis en perspective et problématisés : religion, transcendance, subjectivation, critique du monde contemporain, rupture, commun, communautarisme, universalisme. L’auteur s’interroge notamment sur la manière dont Gisel interprète la situation et la tâche actuelles de la théologie et sa manière de concevoir l’universalisme sans faire du Christ un fondement absolu et sans succomber au communautarisme ecclésiologique. Cela suppose aussi de jeter un regard spécifique sur l’héritage protestant explicite revendiqué sur un mode critique par Gisel (Schleiermacher, Barth) et de tisser des liens possibles entre Gisel, le dernier Bonhoeffer et Paul Tillich.
La justice restaurative : une voie de résilience pour auteurs et victimes d’actes pédophiles
Authors: de Villette Thérèse
Published: October 2020

L’auteure, criminologue, ayant pratiqué la justice restaurative en Côte d’Ivoire et au Canada autour de crimes graves, se demande si elle ne serait pas une voie de résilience pour l’auteurs et les victimes d’actes pédophiles. Après avoir décrit la situation des acteurs (malaise des uns, déni des autres, implication de la communauté) et montré les limites de la justice pénale, l’auteur détaille le processus de la justice restaurative en s’appuyant sur l’exemple des rencontres entre détenus et victimes d’inceste. Par la circulation de la parole qu’elle instaure entre victimes, agresseurs et communauté, cette voie apparaît prometteuse pour la guérison des victimes et la prise de conscience des agresseurs. En annexe, les résultats de trois situations en précisent les effets.
Les précurseurs d’Adam Smith et de l’économie libérale
Authors: Feix Marc
Published: October 2020

Quelles sont les questions économiques abordées et quels arguments théologiques sont spécialement employés par les théologiens et les moralistes du Moyen Âge ? Ils n’inventent pas « le marché » comme tel et ne sont pas les ancêtres d’Adam Smith. Cependant, en pensant la pauvreté volontaire, ils contribuent à former des concepts qui deviendront plus tard fondamentaux dans la construction d’autres théories économiques. Faisant un bond dans l’histoire, qu’en est-il de ces éléments de théorie économique médiévale et de l’argumentaire théologique aujourd’hui et particulièrement dans le document romain de 2018 Œconomicæ et pecuniariæ quæstiones  ?
L’imagerie biblique de la croissance
Authors: Kopp Martin
Published: October 2020

Dans les sociétés occidentales modernes, la croissance économique n’est plus une simple donnée statistique ; elle est signification, qui porte une vision du monde et de la vie, donne sens à notre action, oriente et juge nos entreprises. Nous œuvrons à une croissance illimitée de l’argent, des productions et des consommations, considérant qu’elle véhicule un bien-être toujours accru et du Bien. Comment se situer, comme chrétiens, face à ce croire au croître ? Partant d’un inventaire minutieux, nous dressons le panorama de l’imagerie biblique de la croissance, qui se révèle dans son foisonnement et sa richesse significatives. Nous défendons que ce matériau appelle à élever la croissance au rang de catégorie théologique, laquelle se situe en tension critique avec l’imaginaire croissanciste actuel.
« Il croissait en sagesse, en taille et en grâce… » (Lc 2,40.52a)
Authors: Negel Joachim
Published: October 2020

La croissance et la décroissance peuvent être abordées selon la perspective de diverses disciplines, en particulier l’éthique sociale. Cette contribution cherche, quant à elle, à comprendre ce que la théologie fondamentale peut dire de la croissance. En s’appuyant en particulier sur des données scripturaires, elle vise à démasquer la duplicité parfois contenue dans les acceptions contemporaines des termes d’« innovation », de « progrès » et de « croissance ».
La doctrine sociale de l’Église et le capitalisme
Authors: Rauscher Jacques-Benoît
Published: October 2020

Pendant près de cent ans, les grands textes pontificaux qui constituent la Doctrine sociale de l’Église ne présentent pas une définition du capitalisme et n’énoncent donc pas une position arrêtée sur ce système économique pourtant dominant. Si des éléments de réflexion sur ce sujet sont présents dans différents documents pontificaux, les contours de ce que les papes entendent par « capitalisme » n’apparaissent pas nets. Cette longue absence de caractérisation est certes inhérente à cet objet singulier qu’est le capitalisme mais elle est surtout liée à une difficulté à définir la nature de la Doctrine sociale de l’Église.
De l’économie à l’éthique écologique
Authors: Berthoud Arnaud
Published: October 2020

L’annonce de la catastrophe écologique plonge dans une crise profonde nos pensées sur l’éthique et l’économie. On peut présenter celle-ci selon une division en trois formes : économie d’argent, économie de la vie, économie du lieu de vie. Les deux premières ne sont que des formes pathologiques de mesure sans jouissance ou de jouissance sans mesure, dont les éthiques correspondantes n’expriment à leur tour que le malheur de vivre. La troisième forme de tradition aristotélicienne est une économie véritable et une éthique du bonheur de vivre mais elle est inadaptée à la dimension dans laquelle se présente notre situation présente.