bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absolute moisture content in mid-latitude urban canopy layer
Authors: Unger János , Skarbit Nóra , Gál Tamás
Published: December 2018

This study gives a comprehensive picture on the air humidity observation and mapping in urban canopy layer in Szeged, Hungary, analyzing three-year long vapor pressure dataset (e) calculated from observations of a 22-station urban network. The analysis was divided into two directions, namely the urban-rural and intra-urban ones where the latter was partly based on the local climate zone approach. (i) The general features of the annual and diurnal variations of urban-rural absolute humidity difference in cities with mid-latitude climates are also detectable in the case of Szeged. (ii) In the annual and seasonal e means there is no clear zone sequence that would follow the differences in the compactness or building height of the zones and even the built-up versus land cover distinction. (iii) The highest e values and their differences among stations appear in summer, while the lowest ones in winter and the values of transitional seasons are between them. In certain cases the intra-zone differences can exceed the inter-zone ones since the effect of microscale environment is essential. The decisive factors are the permeability of the surface and the vegetation cover. (iv) The diurnal course of the e pattern in normalized 4-hour time steps does not show a regular shape, the patterns are mosaic-like: in all time steps the driest and wettest areas are mainly in the north-western and south-eastern parts, respectively.
Desenvolvimento de modelo de balanced scorecard para instituições privadas de ensino fundamental e médio
Authors: Gomes Costa Izaac Shallon , Ferreira Costa José Alfredo , Cavalcanti Nobrega Kleber
Published: December 2018

O Balanced Scorecard (BSC) é uma metodologia para gestão estratégica já consolidada mundialmente desde os anos 1990. Este sistema tem sido aplicado em empresas de diversos setores do mercado, em instituições privadas e públicas, devido à sua flexibilidade. O setor educacional está cada vez mais competitivo e há crescente busca por qualidade e melhoria da gestão das instituições de ensino. Diversos estudos mostram o sucesso do BSC em educação em diferentes países, mas poucos no âmbito da educação básica. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi o desenvolvimento de um modelo de BSC na área educacional, aplicável a escolas privadas que trabalham com ensino fundamental e nível médio. O modelo preliminar de objetivos e indicadores foi desenvolvido com base na literatura. A partir deste modelo inicial seguiu-se a elaboração de questionários, aplicados em entrevistas com gestores escolares, para realizar um estudo baseado no BSC, coletando informações para a escolha do conjunto de objetivos estratégicos para as quatro perspectivas do modelo. Foi utilizada a técnica chamada “bag of stars” na aplicação dos questionários. Os resultados alcançados foram: descrição da gestão estratégica nas escolas pesquisadas; o modelo de BSC para instituições privadas de ensino fundamental e médio; um mapa estratégico com as relações entre os objetivos.
Sistema de apoio à decisão via planilha eletrônica para o planejamento de interconexão de erbs em cenários de aluguel com demanda e custo fuzzy
Authors: Oliveira Luttiely Santos de , Sousa Marcos Antonio de , Santos Lorrane Cunha Dos , Machado Ricardo Luiz
Published: December 2018

A crescente demanda por novos serviços de transmissão de dados aliado as imprecisões de crescimento da demanda resultam na expansão dos Sistemas de Acesso Móvel Celular (SMC), requerendo intensa atividade de planejamento com uma grande variedade de opções técnico-mercadológicas. Este artigo apresenta um Sistema de Apoio à Decisão para o dimensionamento da interconexão Estação Rádio Base – Central de Controle e Comutação em uma rede de telecomunicações móvel celular desenvolvido em planilha eletrônica. O principal objetivo é que o SAD possa auxiliar na escolha da topologia de rede mais viável economicamente, admitindo-se previsões imprecisas de demanda e custo e baseia-se no conceito de números fuzzy trapezoidais. A metodologia permite um alto grau de interatividade com o planejador, flexibilizando analisar cenários de contratos de aluguel para uma rede de pequeno porte, um método científico de investigação quantitativa. Os resultados mostram a eficiência da ferramenta computacional desenvolvida. A utilização do solver permitiu aprimorar o uso de uma ferramenta computacional de fácil utilização por parte do usuário final do sistema, pois o modelo matemático do Sistema de Apoio à Decisão utilizado demonstrou ser um facilitador para avaliar como é o comportamento da rede para as mais variadas possibilidades.
Uma análise sobre a influência entre as práticas de gestão de processos de negócio nas organizações do polo têxtil do agreste de Pernambuco
Authors: Galindo Heitor Vitor Chaves , Sousa Cícero Marcolino , Pereira Thelma Laise dos Santos , Silva Lúcio Camara
Published: December 2018

O gerenciamento de processos de negócios (BPM) é um instrumento que auxilia no monitoramento do desempenho das organizações, promovendo uma visão sistêmica do ambiente interno e externo a organização, com relação a todos os participantes e processos, bem como suas inter-relações. O objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar o relacionamento e influência entre os elementos centrais às práticas de BPM e o desempenho organizacional, considerando informações de empresas situadas no Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) Têxtil do Agreste de Pernambuco, haja vista sua relevância dentro da economia internacional, nacional e regional. As hipóteses propostas quanto ao relacionamento entre os processos foram testadas utilizando o método dos mínimos quadrados parciais, com o auxílio do software SmartPLS 3.0. Como resultados observados, são destacadas a proposição e confirmação de relacionamentos, dentre outros, ao alinhamento estratégico e governança, bem como a governança e o uso de tecnologia da informação, e o uso de tecnologia da informação e cultura organizacional.
Atrasos na execução das obras públicas: estudo em uma instituição federal de ensino superior
Authors: Colpo Iliane , Weise Andreas Dittmar , Medeiros Flaviani Souto Bolzan , Lobler Mauri Leodir
Published: December 2018

A teoria da "nova" administração pública traz em seu âmago a eficiência dos processos, contudo, a aplicação na prática desse princípio tem sido questionada pela sociedade, especialmente frente ao montante das cifras gastas para a conclusão de obras públicas. A falta de planejamento, alterações em projetos, desvios de recursos e o retrabalho tem sido citado como algumas variáveis que contribuem para essa situação. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem por objetivo analisar os contratos de obras de uma Universidade Federal, do período de 2010 a 2014, a fim de identificar o tempo médio dos atrasos nas obras e a justificativa escrita dos aditivos de prazo para a execução dos serviços pactuados entre as construtoras e a administração pública. Em termos metodológicos, a pesquisa é classificada quanto aos meios como documental e quanto aos fins como descritivo. Dentre os resultados, o estudo revela que 80,35% das obras apresentam termo aditivo de tempo, desconsiderando os contratos rescindidos o percentual é de 75,55%, nestes casos, o atraso é de 48,94% em relação ao tempo médio planejado. Nas justificativas dos atrasos a alteração dos projetos aparece com 33,34% o que indica uma falta de planejamento na fase interna do processo de licitação.
Identificação dos relacionamentos entre os fatores críticos de sucesso, barreiras e práticas para a implementação enxuta em uma pequena empresa
Authors: Pereira Lais do Nascimento Ghizoni , Tortorella Guilherme Luz
Published: December 2018

A adoção dos princípios e práticas oriundos da Produção Enxuta (PE) auxilia na eliminação sistemática dos desperdícios, ao passo que lapida a cultura organizacional para a sustentação da melhoria contínua. O processo de implementação da PE pode variar de acordo com os problemas existentes e o contexto no qual a empresa está inserida. Assim, este artigo busca identificar como se relacionam os fatores críticos de sucesso, barreiras e práticas para a implementação enxuta em uma pequena empresa. Para isso, os principais FCS, barreiras e práticas de PE relacionados a pequenas empresas foram inicialmente consolidados a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica. Através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focados com as lideranças de uma pequena empresa manufatureira do setor eletrônico em implementação enxuta, as relações entre FCS, barreiras e práticas enxutas foram avaliadas e ranqueadas a partir da incorporação de uma ferramenta de análise multicriterial. Além da contribuição teórica já evidenciada, este estudo apresenta implicações de natureza prática/gerencial, uma vez que provê um direcionamento para auxiliar a implementação enxuta em pequenas empresas manufatureiras. Adicionalmente, o maior entendimento dessas relações sob o contexto em estudo possibilita aos gestores a antecipação de potencias problemas, permitindo uma implementação enxuta mais bem-sucedida. Ao final os resultados foram analisados e concluídos com sugestões para futuras pesquisas.
Gestão da cadeia de suprimentos verde: tendências e desafios
Authors: Assumpção Jairo José , Campos Lucila Maria de Souza
Published: December 2018

Com o objetivo de resolver suas responsabilidades ambientais, as organizações estão cada vez mais concentrando-se em suas cadeias produtivas. Em função dessa característica, a Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) tem recebido atenção crescente nos últimos anos. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma visão abrangente e integrada da literatura publicada, a partir de 2006. Especial atenção foi dada para identificar os autores mais produtivos, evolução histórica do número de publicações e os periódicos que mais publicaram sobre a temática. A técnica utilizada foi a busca sistematizada, tendo como parâmetros os artigos publicados no sítio eletrônico Science Direct. Os principais resultados obtidos indicam que as publicações discutiram, em sua maioria, a importância da GSCM e operações verdes, evidenciando que reduzidas pesquisas abordam ecodesign. Em função da recorrência de novos temas, não abordados em revisões anteriores, evidenciou-se o desafio de se reestruturar as categorias propostas para análise do tema, contribuindo para o amadurecimento do campo.
An improved MPPT algorithm to minimize transient and steady state oscillation conditions for small SPV systems
Authors: Javed Kashif , Ashfaq Haroon , Singh Rajveer
Published: December 2018

Small solar PV systems mostly residential PV systems are bounded to be low cost. So these systems are required low-cost processors, and these low-cost processors can only process simple algorithm efficiently. The conventional P&O MPPT algorithm is widely employed algorithm to control solar PV systems because of its simplicity, low cost, and ease of implementation. During rapid radiation change condition (RRC) the output voltage of conventional P&O MPPT algorithm is found unstable and suffers oscillations around MPP at transient and steady state conditions. This paper proposes a simple MPPT algorithm for small or residential solar PV systems to eliminate such above said drawbacks. The proposed MPPT controls the step size (dD) of the boost converter duty cycle (D) according to the system input conditions and have the ability to compensate the transient as well as steady-state oscillations around MPP and stabilize the output voltage under RRC and variable load conditions. To validate the proposed algorithm, a 1kW photovoltaic system model is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink, and the performance of the system is also investigated under RRC. The performance of proposed MPPT algorithm is found to be adequate under various insolation patterns. An experimental set-up comprising a boost converter, solar emulator with dSPACE controller is also used to investigate the performance of proposed MPPT algorithm further.Article History: Received October 4th 2017; Received in revised form September 15th 2018; Accepted November 1st 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Javed, K. Ashfaq, H and Singh, R. (2018). An Improved MPPT Algorithm to Minimize Transient and Steady State Oscillation Conditions for Small SPV Systems. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(3), 191-197.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.3.191-197
Prosopis juliflora pods mash for biofuel energy production: Implication for managing invasive species through utilization
Authors: Haile Mebrahtu , Hishe Hadgu , Gebremedhin Desta
Published: December 2018

Fuels obtained from renewable resources have merited a lot of enthusiasm amid the previous decades mostly because of worries about fossil fuel depletion and climate change. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Prosopis juliflora pods mash for bio-ethanol production and its hydrolysis solid waste for solid fuel. Parameters such as acid concentration (0.5 - 3 molar), hydrolysis times (5-30 min), fermentation times (6-72h), fermentation temperature (25 OC - 40 OC) and pH (4-8) on bio-ethanol production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast were evaluated. Results show that the content of sugar increases as the acid concentration (H2SO4) increased up to 1 molar and decreases beyond 1 molar.  A maximum sugar content of 96.13 %v/v was obtained at 1 molar of H2SO4 concentration. The optimum conditions for bio-ethanol production were found at 1 molar of H2SO4 concentration (4.2 %v/v), 48 h fermentation time (5.1%v/v), 20 min hydrolysis time (5.57 %v/v), 30 OC fermentation temperature (5.57 %v/v) and pH 5 (6.01 %v/v). Under these optimum conditions, the maximum yield of bio-ethanol (6.01%v/v) was obtained. Furthermore, the solid waste remaining after bio-ethanol production was evaluated for solid fuel application (18.22 MJ/kg). Hence, the results show that Prosopis juliflora pods mash has the potential to produce bio-ethanol. The preliminary analysis of solid waste after hydrolysis suggests the possibility to use it as a solid fuel, implying its potential for alleviating major disposal problems.Article History: Received March 24th 2018 ; Received in revised form September 15th 2018; Accepted October 1st 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Haile, M., Hishe, H. and Gebremedhin, D. (2018) Prosopis juliflora Pods Mash for Biofuel Energy Production: Implication for Managing Invasive Species through Utilization. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(3), 205-212.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.3.205-212
Effects of turbulence models and grid densities on computational accuracy of flows over a vertical axis wind turbine
Authors: Chaiyanupong Jaruwan , Chitsomboon Tawit
Published: December 2018

Flows through a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) are very complex due to their inherent unsteadiness caused by large variations of the angle of attacks as the turbine is rotating and changing its azimuth angles simultaneously. In addition, a turbine must go through a wide range of operating conditions especially the change in blade speed ratio (BSR). Accurate prediction of flows over VAWT using Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model needs a well-tested turbulence model as well as a careful grid control around the airfoil. This paper aimed to compare various turbulence models and seek the most accurate one. Furthermore, grid convergence was studied using the Roache method to determine the sufficient number of grid elements around the blade section. The three-dimensional grid was generated by extrution from the two-dimensional grid along with the appropriate y+ controlling. Comparisons were made among the three turbulence models that are widely used namely: the RNG model, the shear stress transport k-ω model (SST) and the Menter’s shear stress transport k-ω model (transition SST). Results obtained clearly showed that turbulence models significantly affected computational accuracy. The SST turbulence model showed best agreement with reported experimental data at BSR lower than 2.35, while the transition SST model showed better results when BSR is higher than 2.35. In addition, grid extruding technique with y+ control could reduce total grid requirement while maintaining acceptable prediction accuracy.Article History: Received April 15th 2018; Received in revised form June 16th 2018; Accepted September 17th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Chaiyanupong,J and Chitsomboon, T. (2018) Effects of Turbulence Models and Grid Densities on Computational Accuracy of Flows Over a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(3), 213-222.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.3.213-222
A novel P&OT-Neville’s interpolation MPPT scheme for maximum PV system energy extraction
Authors: Bhukya Muralidhar Nayak , Kota Venkata Reddy
Published: December 2018

Photovoltaic (PV) system posses an optimal operating pointing, termed as Maximum Power Point (MPP). Using Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm, MPP of PV system has to be tracked continuously in any climatic conditions. In general, traditional Perturb and Observe (P&OT) MPP tracker is widely used among existing controllers. But, P&OT fails to harvest maximum power from solar panel, in addition oscillations around MPP results in low efficiency of the PV system. The contradiction involved in the traditional controller can be addressed as P&OT operates with a fixed step size. Hence, with large step size MPP can be reached quickly but the magnitude of oscillations around MPP are high. Similarly, when P&OT operated with tiny step size magnitude of oscillations can be reduced at the same time PV system consumes much time to reach MPP. In order to eliminate the contradiction involved with traditional MPPT scheme and effectively optimize PV system energy, this paper put forwards a hybrid MPPT scheme based on P&OT and Neville interpolation. The proposed scheme is executed in two stages. In the first stage, P&OT is operated with a large step size till the voltage reaches near to maximum point. In the second stage, Neville interpolation is used to find the maximum power point. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with Golden Section Search (GSS) and P&OT MPPT controllers. With the proposed scheme the convergence time required to reach MPP is improved greatly. Experimental prototype is designed and developed to verify the performance of the proposed scheme. Experimental and simulation results provide enough evidence to show superiority of the proposed scheme.Article History: Received December 15th 2017; Received in revised form July 16th 2018; Accepted September 12th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Bhukya, M. N. and Kota, V. R. (2018) A Novel PandOT-Neville’s Interpolation MPPT Scheme for Maximum PV system energy extraction. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(3), 251-262https://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.3.251-26
Terrorism and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Mazhar Ummad
Published: December 2018

A secure business environment for private enterprises is desired by all states and is endorsed as a part of United Nation’s sustainable development goals. However, the risk exposure of private enterprises against terrorism, particularly in developing countries, is not adequately studied. Using Enterprise Surveys (ES) data for more than 2000 firms located across the four provinces of Pakistan, this paper studies the link between the risk of terrorism and firm performance. It finds, after controlling for various firm specific performance determinants as well as provincial and sector specific heterogeneities, that terrorism has a significant negative effect on firms’ performance which is independent of firm size. This effect is robust against different specifications and estimation methods including instrumental variables strategy. Beyond much explored aggregate consequences, terrorism has direct consequences for production processes at micro level.
Impurity Distribution after Solidification of Hypereutectic Al-Si Melts and Eutectic Al-Si Melt
Authors: Li Yanlei , Chen Jian , Dai Songyuan
Published: December 2018

Hypereutectic Al-Si melts and eutectic Al-Si melt were solidified to study boron and phosphorus distributions in primary silicon phase, eutectic silicon phase and eutectic aluminum phase during Al-Si solvent refining. The boron and phosphorus contents in the primary silicon phase and the eutectic silicon phase were determined by ICP-OES, and the boron and phosphorus contents in the eutectic aluminum phase were calculated by the principle of mass conservation. The primary silicon phase has lowest boron and phosphorus contents, while the eutectic aluminum phase has highest boron and phosphorus contents.
Applied cognitive linguistics and foreign language learning. Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Hijazo-Gascón Alberto , Llopis-García Reyes
Published: December 2018

This introduction provides an overview of the intersection between Applied Cognitive Linguistics and Second/Foreign Language Learning. First, the relevance of Cognitive Linguistics (CL) for Applied Linguistics in general is discussed. The second section explains the main principles of CL and how each relates to the acquisition of second languages: (i) language and human cognition, (ii) language as symbolic, (iii) language as motivated; and (iv) language as usage-based. Section three offers a review of previous literature on CL and L2s that are different from English, as it is one the main aims of this Special Issue to provide state-of-the-art research and scholarship to enhance the bigger picture of the field of Second Language Acquisition beyond English as the target language. Spanish as L2/FL in Applied Cognitive Linguistics is the focus of the next section, which leads to a brief overview of the papers included in the Issue, featuring Spanish as the L2 with L1s such as English, French, German and Italian. Polysemy, Motion Events Typology, Cognitive Grammar and Construction Grammar are the Cognitive Linguistics areas addressed in the contributions here presented.
Nonlinear optical properties and applications of 2D materials: theoretical and experimental aspects
Authors: You J.W. , Bongu S.R. , Bao Q. , Panoiu N.C.
Published: December 2018

In this review, we survey the recent advances in nonlinear optics and the applications of two-dimensional (2D) materials. We briefly cover the key developments pertaining to research in the nonlinear optics of graphene, the quintessential 2D material. Subsequently, we discuss the linear and nonlinear optical properties of several other 2D layered materials, including transition metal chalcogenides, black phosphorus, hexagonal boron nitride, perovskites, and topological insulators, as well as the recent progress in hybrid nanostructures containing 2D materials, such as composites with dyes, plasmonic particles, 2D crystals, and silicon integrated structures. Finally, we highlight a few representative current applications of 2D materials to photonic and optoelectronic devices.
The crystal structure of poly[triaqua-bis(μ3-2,5-dihydroxyterephthalato-κ4
O,O′:O′′:O′′′)-(μ4-oxalato-κ4
O,O′:O′′,O′′′)cerium(III)], C9H10CeO11
Authors: Xue Li , Han-Yang Sun , Shuang Han , Jia-Jun Wang , Hao-Yan Mao , Chun-Ling Liu , Shou-Cai Zhang , Chuan-Bi Li
Published: December 2018

C9H10CeO11, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.9100(14) Å, b = 9.1700(18) Å, c = 10.720(2) Å, α = 69.53(3)°, β = 83.56(3)°, γ = 87.01(3)°, V = 632.3(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0265, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0487, T = 298(2) K.
Crystal structure of 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, C9H8FN3S
Authors: Aouad Mohamed Reda , Messali Mouslim , Alharbi Khalid , Rezki Nadjet , Zarrouk Abdelkader , Warad Ismail
Published: December 2018

C9H8FN3S, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 15.8636(6) Å, b = 7.6641(3) Å, c = 16.4472(7) Å, β = 106.016(2)°, V = 1922.04(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0348, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1001, T = 296(2) K.
Mathematical model on distributed denial of service attack through Internet of things in a network
Authors: Mishra Bimal Kumar , Keshri Ajit Kumar , Mallick Dheeresh Kumar , Mishra Binay Kumar
Published: December 2018

Internet of Things (IoT) opens up the possibility of agglomerations of different types of devices, Internet and human elements to provide extreme interconnectivity among them towards achieving a completely connected world of things. The mainstream adaptation of IoT technology and its widespread use has also opened up a whole new platform for cyber perpetrators mostly used for distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. In this paper, under the influence of internal and external nodes, a two - fold epidemic model is developed where attack on IoT devices is first achieved and then IoT based distributed attack of malicious objects on targeted resources in a network has been established. This model is mainly based on Mirai botnet made of IoT devices which came into the limelight with three major DDoS attacks in 2016. The model is analyzed at equilibrium points to find the conditions for their local and global stability. Impact of external nodes on the over-all model is critically analyzed. Numerical simulations are performed to validate the vitality of the model developed.
Die Rolle sozialer Einbindung im Kontext der Wahrnehmung und Deutung von Erwerbssituationen
Authors: Brandt Stefan , Böhnke Petra
Published: December 2018

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein mehrstufiges Analyseverfahren vorgestellt, das die theoretische Forderung nach einem erweiterten Prekaritätsverständnis methodisch aufgreift. Im Mittelpunkt steht der Versuch, die Wahrnehmung von Prekarität und die Deutung von Erwerbssituationen besser zu verstehen und dabei insbesondere das Zusammenspiel von Erwerbsarbeit und sozialer Einbindung als Integrationsmodi in den Blick zu nehmen. Wir fragen, vor welchem Hintergrund sinnstiftender Beziehungs- und Netzwerklogiken Akteurinnen und Akteure ihre Erwerbssituation wahrnehmen und was dazu beiträgt, diese als subjektiv prekär oder nicht prekär zu empfinden. Zur Annäherung an mögliche Entstehungsbedingungen subjektiver Prekarität kombinieren wir drei rekonstruktive Verfahren. Diese Kombination ermöglicht einerseits eine verzeitlichte Analyse von subjektiver Prekarität als auch eine systematische Einbeziehung unterschiedlicher Dimensionen sozialer Einbindung, durch die die Wahrnehmung von Prekarität abgefangen oder verstärkt werden kann. Andererseits werden Aspekte der Temporalisierung und Kontextualisierung im Hinblick auf ihre Rolle im Zuge der Entstehung und Ausformung spezifischer Wahrnehmungs- und Deutungsweisen von Erwerbssituationen analysiert.
Ungleichheit im inklusiven Unterricht
Authors: Bender Saskia , Rennebach Nils
Published: December 2018

Da kooperative Lernformen und damit verbundene Helfersysteme auf die Herstellung von Statusindifferenz zielen und dadurch mit der normativ-ethischen Zielsetzung von Inklusion harmonieren, gewinnen sie im inklusiven Unterricht zunehmend an Relevanz. In dem Beitrag werden drei Fälle der Etablierung von Zusammenarbeit im Hinblick auf die Frage nach zentralen Strukturmomenten einer auf Kooperation und Hilfe ausgelegten Unterrichtspraxis rekonstruiert. Herausgearbeitet wird, dass sich in der Unterrichtspraxis die Ziele von Gegenseitigkeit und Gleichheit in der Einrichtung seitens der Lehrpersonen empirisch nicht einlösen. Sie arbeiten in der Folge nicht der einzelfallbezogenen Fürsorge oder dem Bedarfsausgleich zu.
Tire Encasement and Granular Column Stability
Authors: Terzi Niyazi U. , Erenson Can , Yilmazturk Ferruh , Kara M. Emin , Ozsoy M. U.
Published: December 2018

Granular columns derive their load capacity from the confinement offered by the surrounding soil. However, lateral support can be problematic in extremely soft soil. Granular columns, when embedded in very soft clay, may bulge because of a lack of confinement offered by the surrounding soil. To avoid these problems, additional confinement can be provided by using geogrid or geosynthetic encasement. This study investigates a method of encasement construction with the aim of using waste tires to build columns. Without any recycling pretreatment, waste tires were used as material for stone encasement. Tires were stacked vertically to form a column frame structure and were bonded together using infinite screws and tightened with bolts. The diameter of the stone columns was that of a nominal car tire in all tests. A similar geosynthetically encased stone column with identical geometrical properties was also tested. Load tests were performed on both geotextile and tire-encased columns in a clay bed medium under incremental surcharge loads. To measure the bucking deformations of the column section using photogrammetric methods, unconfined loading tests were conducted under the same loading conditions. Results obtained from small-scale laboratory tests show that tire encasement makes the stone columns stiffer and stronger than traditional geotextile-encased stone columns.
Vipulanandan Constitutive Models to Predict the Rheological Properties and Stress–Strain Behavior of Cement Grouts Modified with Metakaolin
Authors: Mohammed A. , Salih A. , Raof H.
Published: December 2018

In this study, the effects of metakaolin clay (MK) on the rheological properties, setting time, compressive strength, and toughness of cement grouts with water-cement ratios (w/c) of 0.6 and 1.0 were investigated. Based on the information in the literature, the amount of MK used in various mix designs varied up to 10 % by the weight of cement. The compressive stress–strain behavior of cement grout modified with MK was investigated up to 90 days of curing. The addition of 10 % of MK increased the apparent viscosity of the cement grout from 20 cP to 62 cP and from 13 cP to 44 cP with w/c ratios of 0.6 and 1, respectively. Setting time of cement grout mixes with a w/c ratio of 1.0 had longer initial and final setting times than the grout mixes with a w/c ratio of 0.6. The addition of 10 % MK increased the compressive strength of the cement grouts with w/c ratios of 0.6 and 1 from 8 MPa (1,175 psi) to 30.1 MPa (4,366 psi) and from 2.4 MPa (348 psi) to 17.8 MPa (2,582 psi) after 90 days of curing, respectively. The addition of 10 % MK increased the toughness of the cement grouts with w/c ratios of 0.6 and 1 from 1.42 J·m−3 to 2.27 J·m−3 and from 0.94 J·m−3 to 1.38 J·m−3 after 90 days of curing, respectively. The Vipulanandan p–q model was used to predict the changes in stress-stain behavior with curing time. The Vipulanandan rheological model also has a limit on the shear stress were as the other model did not have a limit. Based on the Vipulanandan rheological model, the maximum shear stresses produced by the portland cement grouts with w/c ratios of 0.6 and 1 with 0 MK were 58 Pa and 33 Pa, respectively. The addition of 10 % MK to the Portland cement (PC) grouts increased the maximum shear stresses by 155 % and 136 % for w/c ratios of 0.6 and 1, respectively.
Mapping Oat Crown Rust Resistance Gene Pc45 Confirms Association with PcKM
Authors: Kebede Aida Z , Friesen-Enns Jayelle , Gnanesh Belaghihalli N , Menzies Jim G , Mitchell Fetch Jennifer W , Chong James , Beattie Aaron D , Paczos-Grzęda Edyta , McCartney Curt A
Published: December 2018

Molecular mapping of crown rust resistance genes is important to effectively utilize these genes and improve breeding efficiency through marker-assisted selection. Pc45 is a major race-specific crown rust resistance gene initially identified in the wild hexaploid oat Avena sterilis in the early 1970s. This gene was transferred to cultivated oat (Avena sativa) and has been used as a differential for identification of crown rust races since 1974. Previous research identified an association between virulence to Pc45 and PcKM, a crown rust resistance gene in the varieties ‘Kame’ and ‘Morton’. This study was undertaken to reveal the relationship between Pc45 and PcKM. Pc45 was studied in the crosses ‘AC Morgan’/Pc45 and ‘Kasztan’/Pc45, where Pc45 is the differential line carrying Pc45. F2 progenies and F2:3 families of both populations were inoculated with the crown rust isolate CR258 (race NTGG) and single gene segregation ratios were observed. SNP markers for PcKM were tested on these populations and linkage maps were generated. In addition, 17 newly developed SNP markers identified from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data were mapped in these two populations, plus another three populations segregating for Pc45 or PcKM. Pc45 and PcKM mapped to the same location of Mrg08 (chromosome 12D) of the oat chromosome-anchored consensus map. These results strongly suggest that Pc45 and PcKM are the same resistance gene, but allelism (i.e., functionally different alleles of the same gene) or tight linkage (i.e., two tightly linked genes) cannot be ruled out based on the present data.
Metformin Affects Heme Function as a Possible Mechanism of Action
Authors: Li Xiyan , Wang Xin , Snyder Michael P
Published: December 2018

Metformin elicits pleiotropic effects that are beneficial for treating diabetes, as well as particular cancers and aging. In spite of its importance, a convincing and unifying mechanism to explain how metformin operates is lacking. Here we describe investigations into the mechanism of metformin action through heme and hemoprotein(s). Metformin suppresses heme production by 50% in yeast, and this suppression requires mitochondria function, which is necessary for heme synthesis. At high concentrations comparable to those in the clinic, metformin also suppresses heme production in human erythrocytes, erythropoietic cells and hepatocytes by 30–50%; the heme-targeting drug artemisinin operates at a greater potency. Significantly, metformin prevents oxidation of heme in three protein scaffolds, cytochrome c, myoglobin and hemoglobin, with Kd values < 3 mM suggesting a dual oxidation and reduction role in the regulation of heme redox transition. Since heme- and porphyrin-like groups operate in diverse enzymes that control important metabolic processes, we suggest that metformin acts, at least in part, through stabilizing appropriate redox states in heme and other porphyrin-containing groups to control cellular metabolism.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN DALAM KISAH NABI AYUB AS., (TAFSIR Q.S. SHAD AYAT 41-44)
Authors: Suntiah Ratu
Published: December 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsep nilai-nilaipendidikan secara umum; pendapat para mufassir tentang Q.S.Shad ayat 41-44 3) Nilai-nilai pendidikan dalam kisah Nabi AyubAs. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan teknikpengumpulan data Library Research serta metode deskriptifTeknik pengumpulan data dokumentasi. Adapun sumber datadokumen yang dapat diperoleh dari lapangan berupa buku, arsip,majalah, serta dokumen-dokumen yang berhubungan dengan fokuspenelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa nilaimerupakan suatu konsep keyakinan seseorang terhadap sesuatuyang dipandang berharga olehnya yang mengarahkan kepadatingkah laku seseorang dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari sebagaimakhluk hidup yang bermasyarakat, dan menjadikannya dasarkeyakinan dalam bertindak untuk menentukan apakah tindakan itubenar atau salah; Tafsiran Q.S. Shad ayat 41-44 merupakan suatuikhtilaf para ulama tafsir yang memiliki perbedaan penafsiranterhadap Q.S. Shad ayat 41-44 yang menjabarkan tentang kisahNabi Ayub As; Nilai Pendidikan yang dapat diambil dari Q.S.Shad ayat 41-44 yakni: penghambaan diri kepada Allah, sikapketergantungan kepada Allah, Larangan mengingkari janji, sertakesabaran dalam menghadapi ujian.
Thinking through the non-native language
Authors: Garbaj Mostafa M.
Published: December 2018

Extending Vygotsky’s theory and research to non-native language speakers, the literature available to date has provided inconclusive findings on whether L2 speakers use the non-native language to mediate thinking in problem solving. Avoiding limitations in previous studies, the present study investigated private speech produced by non-native speakers with the objective of discovering whether the non-native language can be effectively used as a medium for thinking just as the L1. Non-technical highly challenging multi-level problem-solving activity was utilized to collect private speech from four native speakers and seven L2 speakers of English. Data analysis focused on examining the characteristics of private speech in order to assess cognitive mediation in the L2. The results provided strong evidence that proficient speakers - with extensive formal and informal language acquisition experiences - used the non-native language to mediate their thinking and, unlike in previous research, there was no reversion to the L1.
Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Some Fresh and Canned Aromatic Herbs
Authors: ANDREI Sanda , BUNEA Andrea , BELE Constantin , TUDOR Cristina , PINTEA Adela
Published: December 2018

The chlorophylls, carotenoids, total polyphenols contents and antioxidant activity in fresh and stored Parsley, celery and dill leaves were comparatively determined by spectrophotometric and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. Results indicated that freezing does not induce significant changes in chlorophyll concentration. Drying induces significant decreases, varying according to the analyzed plant; parsley (60%), followed by dill (56.4%) and celery (45.3%). The carotenoids identified in all plants were lutein, b-carotene and cis-β-carotene. Fresh parsley leaves showed the highest total carotenoid concentration (21.64 mg/100g FW), followed by celery (15.41 mg/100g FW) and dill (14.95 mg/100g FW). Total polyphenols had an average concentration of 2.15 mg/g FW in parsley; 2.7 mg/g FW in dill and almost the double, 4.13 mg/g FW in celery. Drying of leaves induced a decrease with approximately 50% of the total polyphenol concentration, while freezing, did not significantly affect it. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the dill, followed by parsley and celery. In both types of methods (freezing and drying in the oven), decreases in antioxidant activity were observed.
BsmI polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene is associated with 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in individuals with cognitive decline
Authors: Oliveira Ana Carolina R. de , Magalhães Carolina A. , Loures Cristina M. G. , Fraga Vanessa G. , Souza Leonardo C. de , Guimarães Henrique C. , Cintra Marco T. G. , Bicalho Maria A. , Sousa Maira C. R. , Silveira Josianne N. , Silva Ieda F. O. , Caramelli Paulo , Carvalho Maria G. , Gomes Karina B.
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Elderly people are at a high risk of developing vitamin D (VitD) deficiency due to both decreased intake and cutaneous synthesis. Most of the biological actions of VitD are mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in neurons and glial cells of the hippocampus, and in the cortex and subcortical nuclei, essential areas for cognition. It is known that VDR gene polymorphisms may decrease the VDR affinity for VitD. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the influence of VitD levels on cognitive decline in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 32) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 15) compared to cognitively healthy elderly (n = 24). We also evaluated the association of VDR gene polymorphisms with cognitive disturbance. Methods: Four polymorphisms on the VDR gene were studied, namely, BsmI, ApaI, FokI and TaqI, by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results: No significant difference in 25(OH)D levels or genotypic/allelic frequencies was observed between the groups. Deficiency of 25(OH)D was more frequently observed in women. The AA/AG genotypes of the BsmI polymorphism was associated with sufficient 25(OH)D levels, while the GG genotype of this same polymorphism was associated to insufficient levels in the cognitively-impaired group (individuals with AD or MCI). Conclusions: The data obtained do not confirm the relationship between reductions of VitD levels, polymorphisms in the VDR gene, and altered cognitive function in this sample. However, the data indicate that BsmI polymorphism in the VDR gene is associated with the VitD levels in individuals with cognitive decline.
Neurosyphilis and classical music: the great composers and “The Great Imitator”
Authors: Pedro Matheus Kahakura Franco , Germiniani Francisco Manoel Branco , Teive Hélio A. G.
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Throughout history, neurosyphilis has victimized many people, including classical composers, with a wide range of clinical presentations. Methods: Six articles with descriptions of composers with possible neurosyphilis were reviewed. Results: Neurosyphilis is a possible diagnosis for composers like Beethoven, whose progressive hearing loss influenced his career, culminating in complete deafness. In his autopsy, cochlear nerve atrophy and cochlear inflammation were described. Donizetti developed behavioral changes, as well as headaches, general paresis and seizures. Both Schumann and Wolf suffered from personality changes, persecutory delusions and general paresis. Joplin and Delius also had symptoms attributed to syphilis. Autopsy findings confirmed the diagnosis of Smetana, who developed dementia, deafness and auditory hallucinations with rapid progression. His tinnitus was musically represented in his first String Quartet. Conclusion: Neurosyphilis victimized several notorious composers. It can be argued that neurosyphilis was a major source of inspiration as well, being responsible for the genesis of musical masterpieces.
Executive Function Performance Test: transcultural adaptation, evaluation of psychometric properties in Brazil
Authors: Conti Juliana , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Executive dysfunction occurs in 18.5% to 39% of patients who present with cognitive impairment. Occupational therapy aims to facilitate independence and autonomy, hence improving quality of life. The Executive Function Performance Test – Brazilian version (EFPT-BR) has been developed to assess the need for assistance in performing four basic daily tasks. Objectives: The aims of this research were: (1) to offer cross-cultural adaptation in patients with stroke; (2) to assess the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the EFPT-BR in patients with stroke; (3) to assess the relationship between scores on the EFPT-BR in patients with stroke, and demographic variables, stroke location, symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methods: The transcultural adaptation and validation were performed based on standard procedures, and psychometric properties were assessed in 86 Brazilian patients who suffered a stroke. Results: The test has shown a good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.819). The ICC for intra-rater reliability was 0.435 and for the inter-rater was 0.732. Significant correlations between scores in the EFPT-BR and executive measures (verbal fluency test, clock drawing test, digit span – forwards and backwards, zoo map test and Six Elements Test) were observed. Conclusion: The EFPT-BR is a valid and reliable tool for occupational therapists to assess executive dysfunction in daily routine tasks in patients with stroke in Brazil.
Neurocysticercosis as a probable risk factor for hippocampal sclerosis
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Sander Josemir W.
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Neurocysticercosis is one of the most common risk factors for epilepsy but its association with drug-resistant epilepsy remains uncertain. Conjectures of an association with drug-resistant epilepsy have been fueled by reports of an association between calcific neurocysticercosis lesions (CNL) and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) from specialized epilepsy centers in Taenia solium-endemic regions. The debate arising from these reports is whether the association is causal. Evidence for the association is not high quality but sufficiently persuasive to merit further investigation with longitudinal imaging studies in population-based samples from geographically-diverse regions. The other controversial point is the choice of a surgical approach for drug-resistant epilepsy associated with CNL-HS. Three approaches have been described: standard anteromesial temporal lobectomy, lesionectomy involving a CNL alone and lesionectomy with anteromesial temporal lobectomy (for dual pathology); reports of the latter two approaches are limited. Presurgical evaluation should consider possibilities of delineating the epileptogenic zone/s in accordance with all three approaches.
Renomear para Recomeçar: Lógicas Onomásticas no Pós-abolição
Authors: Palma Rogerio da , Truzzi Oswaldo
Published: December 2018

RESUMO Após a abolição, o reconhecimento da nova condição social de livres para ex-escravos e seus descendentes incluía a criação de novas identificações. Entre elas, a manipulação do antigo nome era essencial para a reafirmação da liberdade. O presente artigo procura explorar as redefinições de nomes utilizados por libertos de São Carlos, um dos principais centros da economia cafeeira na virada do século XIX para o século XX. Orientadas principalmente pelo desejo de formalização das suas relações afetivas, incluindo-se aí estratégias de se formalizar relações que lhes fossem úteis, essas renomeações são um registro ímpar de como os ex-cativos avaliaram, durante o pós-emancipação, as alianças familiares que firmaram ainda no cativeiro, bem como a afirmação de suas identidades. Por meio da coligação de fontes nominativas, especialmente com a utilização de registros paroquiais e de um recenseamento municipal, busca-se analisar a heterogeneidade de laços sociais constituídos por escravos e libertos, demonstrando como a “economia onomástica”, para além de uma questão de identificação individual, era, no pós-abolição, um elemento chave paras as lutas simbólicas que demarcavam a nova posição social dos libertos.
Assessment of the product of nursing care in specialized hospitals
Authors: Chotolli Mayara Ruiz , Cucolo Danielle Fabiana , Perroca Marcia Galan
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the product of care in units of specialized hospitals, identifying the items that most contributed to the score; to compare the product of care among hospitals, units, and shifts; to verify the association between demographic and professionals variables and the product of care. Method: Descriptive study, conducted in eight units of two specialized hospitals in the State of São Paulo. The evaluation of the product of care was performed by applying an instrument to 44 nurses. Results: "Multidisciplinary interaction and performance" obtained the lowest median in both hospitals, and the "Meeting assistance needs" and "Nursing care planning" were the better assessed ones. "Dimensioning of nursing staff" was the item that most contributed to the total score. There was a weak correlation between socio-demographic variables and score. Conclusion: The product of care, as found in both hospitals, was predominantly considered "good." The tool enabled the identification of critical aspects of the nursing work.
Influence of socio-demographic characteristics in the self-care of people with heart failure
Authors: Cavalcante Luiza Marques , Lima Francisca Elisângela Teixeira , Custódio Ires Lopes , Oliveira Sherida Karanini Paz de , Meneses Lidia Stella Teixeira de , Oliveira Andressa Suelly Saturnino de , Araújo Thelma Leite de
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the influence of socio-demographic characteristics in the self-care of people with heart failure (HF). Method: Cross-sectional, analytical study, held in three private hospitals in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil, with 57 hospitalized patients. The data were collected through a demographic characterization form and a self-care assessment scale and were analyzed with inferential statistics, using mean comparison tests. Results: Self-care was best assessed in people with higher education level, higher household income and in a relationship. Conclusion: The socio-demographic characteristics influenced seven self-care practices: dietary control; monitoring of body weight; effort in labor activities; knowledge about HF; up-to-date vaccination record; leisure activities; and family and social support network with strong bonds. The higher prevalence of answers indicating satisfactory self-care practices among the patients occurred in the areas of health promotion and tolerance to stress.