bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Videira 'Syrah' sobre diferentes porta-enxertos em ciclo de inverno no sul de Minas Gerais
Authors: Dias Frederico Alcântara Novelli , Mota Renata Vieira da , Fávero Ana Carolina , Purgatto Eduardo , Shiga Tânia Misuzu , Souza Claudia Rita de , Pimentel Rodrigo Meirelles de Azevedo , Regina Murillo de Albuquerque
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de porta-enxertos sobre as características agronômicas, ecofisiológicas e qualitativas da videira 'Syrah' manejada por meio da técnica da dupla poda. As videiras foram enxertadas nos porta-enxertos 'SO4', '110 Richter' e '1103 Paulsen', e sustentadas em sistema espaldeira sem irrigação. Foram avaliadas as características ecofisiológicas, de produção e de composição físico-química das bagas maduras em três safras (2007, 2008 e 2010). Os porta-enxertos não exerceram influência sobre o potencial hídrico de base, que apresentou valores próximos a -0,2 MPa, o que indica que não houve restrição hídrica no solo ao final da maturação (junho). Também não houve diferença significativa quanto à produção. O porta-enxerto '1103 Paulsen' conferiu menor vigor, menor taxa fotossintética e melhores resultados de maturação, para as safras com menores precipitações. Os porta-enxertos '110 Richter' e 'SO4' apresentaram maior vigor nas condições meteorológicas de 2010 e as maiores taxas fotossintéticas para o mesmo período. As condições meteorológicas tiveram efeito significativo na maturação tecnológica e fenólica, com os melhores resultados para os anos mais secos. O porta-enxerto '1103 Paulsen' fornece melhor equilíbrio entre vigor e produção, o que aumenta a qualidade da uva.
Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de acessos de uma coleção nuclear de arroz
Authors: Bueno Luíce Gomes , Vianello Rosana Pereira , Rangel Paulo Hideo Nakano , Utumi Marley Marico , Cordeiro Antônio Carlos Centeno , Pereira José Almeida , Franco Daniel Fernandez , Moura Neto Francisco , Mendonça João Antônio , Coelho Alexandre Siqueira Guedes , Oliveira Jaison Pereira de , Brondani Claudio
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o potencial produtivo e a interação entre genótipos e ambientes em 550 acessos da Coleção Nuclear de Arroz da Embrapa. O desempenho, a adaptação e a estabilidade produtiva de cada genótipo foram avaliados por meio da metodologia de análise dos efeitos principais aditivos e interações multiplicativas (AMMI), em nove experimentos de campo, realizados em seis Estados, em condição de sequeiro e irrigada, durante três anos agrícolas. Foi realizada a análise por meio de modelos lineares mistos, e as estimativas de componentes de variância foram obtidas pelo método de máxima verossimilhança residual (REML), com aplicação do procedimento de melhor predição linear não viesada (BLUP) para a predição dos valores genéticos dos efeitos aleatórios (EBLUP) associados a cada um dos acessos. O grupo de acessos com melhor desempenho foi o de linhagens e cultivares brasileiras (LCB), conforme o esperado. No entanto, foram identificadas variedades tradicionais (VT) entre os genótipos mais produtivos, o que mostra o potencial deste grupo de germoplasma em contribuir com novas fontes de variabilidade genética para programas de melhoramento. Foram identificados acessos superiores quanto à estabilidade, adaptabilidade e produtividade de grãos, entre os quais destacam-se CA880078, CA840182 e CNA00091.
Fluxo gênico recíproco entre cultivares de soja convencional e geneticamente modificada
Authors: Pereira Welison Andrade , Sávio Filipe Luis , Dias Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos , Cruz Cosme Damião , Borém Aluízio
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o fluxo gênico recíproco entre duas cultivares de soja, uma tolerante e outra sensível ao glifosato, além de aplicar estimadores para determinar a taxa de fecundação cruzada na população e o número de sementes híbridas na progênie. O experimento compôs-se de quatro blocos com 40 fileiras de soja, com 20 fileiras de cada cultivar (CD217 e CD219RR). No estádio R8, cinco fileiras, distantes 0, 5, 1, 2, 4 e 8 m da cultivar adjacente, foram colhidas, trilhadas e analisadas quanto à ocorrência de fluxo gênico. Como características marcadoras, foram utilizadas as cores da flor, hipocótilo e pubescência, e a tolerância ao glifosato. As cultivares contrastam quanto às características analisadas, cada uma condicionada por um gene com dois alelos, em interação de dominância completa. Na progênie da cultivar tolerante, a maior taxa de híbridos encontrada foi 0, 27% e, na progênie da cultivar sensível, identificou-se 0, 83%; pela hipótese do efeito diluição, as taxas de hibridação natural populacional seriam 0, 104 e 0, 388%, respectivamente. O fluxo gênico recíproco entre as cultivares CD217 e CD219RR não é o mesmo em ambas as direções. Os estimadores propostos são úteis para determinar a taxa de híbridos em amostras de sementes.
Short-term storage in vitro and large-scale propagation of grapevine genotypes
Authors: Silva Rafael de Carvalho , Luis Zanderluce Gomes , Scherwinski-Pereira Jonny Everson
Published: October 2014

The objective of this work was to evaluate the large-scale propagation of grapevine genotypes after short-term storage in vitro. Microshoots from ten grapevine genotypes were used. The following storage temperatures were evaluated: 10, 20, and 25°C. After short-term storage, the shoots were propagated in up to five successive subcultures, to assess the large-scale propagation of the germplasm maintained under conditions of minimal growth. The propagated shoots were rooted in different concentrations of indolbutiric acid (IBA) and acclimatized in greenhouse. The best temperature for short-term storage in vitro and survival of the genotypes was 20°C. In the propagation phase, the highest number of shoots per explant was found in the subcultures 4 and 5, with averages of 4.9 and 4.8 shoots per explant, respectively. In the rooting phase, the best results for number of roots were obtained using a culture medium supplemented with 0.4 µmol L-1 of IBA, with an average of three roots per shoot. During the acclimation phase, a survival rate higher than 95% was achieved after 30 days in the greenhouse. Grapevine genotypes maintained for six months in vitro, at 20ºC, can be micropropagated in large scale.
Antibacterial activity of essential oils on Xanthomonas vesicatoria and control of bacterial spot in tomato
Authors: Lucas Gilvaine Ciavareli , Alves Eduardo , Pereira Ricardo Borges , Perina Fabiano José , Souza Ricardo Magela de
Published: October 2014

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of plant essential oils (EOs) on the growth of Xanthomonas vesicatoria, on bacterial morphology and ultrastructure, and on the severity of tomato bacterial spot. EOs from citronella, clove, cinnamon, lemongrass, eucalyptus, thyme, and tea tree were evaluated in vitro at concentrations of 0.1, 1.0, 10, and 100% in 1.0% powdered milk. The effect of EOs, at 0.1%, on the severity of tomato bacterial spot was evaluated in tomato seedlings under greenhouse conditions. The effects of citronella, lemongrass, clove, and tea tree EOs, at 0.1%, on X. vesicatoria cells were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. All EOs showed direct toxic effect on the bacteria at a 10%-concentration in vitro. Under greenhouse conditions, the EOs of clove, citronella, tea tree, and lemongrass reduced disease severity. EOs of clove and tea tree, and streptomycin sulfate promoted loss of electron-dense material and alterations in the cytoplasm, whereas EO of tea tree promoted cytoplasm vacuolation, and those of citronella, lemongrass, clove, and tea tree caused damage to the bacterial cell wall. The EOs at a concentration of 0.1% reduce the severity of the disease.
Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil: antecedentes e estágio atual
Authors: Cardoso Suzana Alice , Mota Jacyra Andrade
Published: October 2014

Neste artigo, trata-se do Projeto Atlas Linguístico do Brasil, destacando-se os antecedentes que, na história da Geolinguística brasileira, explicam o seu surgimento, em 1996, por ocasião do Seminário Caminhos e Perspectivas para a Geolinguística Brasileira, realizado na Universidade Federal da Bahia, com a participação de pesquisadores da área, particularmente de autores de atlas publicados e de atlas em andamento. Apresentam-se informações sobre a sua estrutura, seus objetivos, como vem se desenvolvendo a pesquisa de campo, o estágio em que se encontra, atualmente - com 92,8% de localidades pesquisadas -, e resultados que as análises preliminares têm revelado. Destacam-se dois aspectos da sua organização: a realização de reuniões sistemáticas do Comitê Nacional que coordena o Projeto (a última das quais, a de número XXXIV, se realizou em fevereiro de 2012) e workshops para discussão, acompanhamento do trabalho e formação de inquiridores e de pesquisadores auxiliares. Do ponto de vista metodológico, o projeto se insere na geolinguística pluridimensional contemporânea, priorizando não só a variação diatópica, mas também a variação diageracional, diagenérica e diastrática.
Bancos de dados sociolinguísticos do português brasileiro e os estudos de terceira onda: potencialidades e limitações
Authors: Freitag Raquel Meister Ko. , Martins Marco Antonio , Tavares Maria Alice
Published: October 2014

Bancos de dados linguísticos de fala - especialmente aqueles elaborados para a pesquisa de orientação sociolinguística variacionista - têm sido fonte privilegiada para a descrição do português brasileiro. Neste texto, discutimos procedimentos metodológicos que deveriam ser adotados para a organização de novos bancos de dados. Fazemos um breve retrospecto dos bancos de dados já constituídos e sugerimos a coleta e expansão de corpora de diferentes comunidades de fala - e de diferentes comunidades de prática. De acordo com proposta defendida por Eckert (2012), os estudos sociolinguísticos podem ser distinguidos em três ondas de análise que refletem modos distintos de abordagem à variação linguística. Sugerimos estratégias para padronizar os procedimentos de organização de bancos de dados sociolinguísticos que levem em conta as três diferentes ondas da pesquisa sociolinguística, e destacamos a terceira onda, ainda incipiente no Brasil. A padronização dos bancos de dados sociolinguísticos facilitaria a realização de investigações contrastivas de diferentes dialetos brasileiros, contribuindo, dessa forma, para o estabelecimento e refinamento de generalizações e princípios de variação e mudança universais.
Vogais na amazônia paraense
Authors: Cruz Regina
Published: October 2014

Este artigo trata essencialmente de uma apresentação das ações do projeto institucional Norte Vogais vinculado ao Diretório Nacional PROBRAVO. O artigo fornece uma ideia precisa de como a equipe da UFPA vinculada ao PROBRAVO está conduzindo suas investigações sobre a variedade do português falada no Pará. O projeto Norte Vogais conta com amostras de fala de trezentos e dezoito informantes nativos do Pará no seu banco de dados. As descrições sociolinguísticas empreendidas pela equipe da UFPA priorizaram a investigação de três aspectos fonéticos em particular: a) a variação das vogais médias pretônicas; b) a variação das vogais médias postônicas mediais e; c) a nasalidade alofônica. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a hipótese de Silva Neto (1957) de que o Pará compreenderia uma ilha dialetal na classificação de Antenor Nascente entre os dialetos do Norte do Brasil. Com o objetivo de refinar as descrições sociolingüísticas, duas novas ações se impuseram: a) o mapeamento da situação sociolinguística das áreas de contato interdialetal no Pará e; b) a análise acústica do sistema vocálico do português falado na Amazônia Paraense.
A fala do interior paulista no cenário da sociolinguística brasileira: panorama da concordância verbal e da alternância pronominal
Authors: Rubio Cássio Florêncio , Gonçalves Sebastião Carlos Leite
Published: October 2014

Como parte das pesquisas sociolinguísticas desenvolvidas no interior do projeto ALIP (Amostra Linguística do Interior), privilegiamos, neste artigo, a apresentação de resultados gerais decorrentes da investigação de três fenômenos variáveis na fala do interior paulista: (i) a concordância verbal de primeira pessoa do plural; (ii) a concordância verbal de terceira pessoa do plural; (iii) a alternância pronominal entre as formas de codificação da primeira pessoa do discurso do plural nós e a gente. Assumindo os preceitos teórico-metodológicos da Sociolinguística laboviana, mostramos, por meio de comparações interdialetais, como tais fenômenos variáveis se inserem no cenário mais amplo da pesquisa sociolinguística sobre o português brasileiro. Os resultados permitem constatar aproximações e distanciamentos entre a fala do interior paulista e de outras variedades do português brasileiro, o que põe à mostra a importância da descrição de mais essa variedade, ainda pouco conhecida no cenário sociolinguístico brasileiro.
Briefing: Negotiating value at the research–practice interface in the water sector
Authors: Gormley-Gallagher Aine , Amezaga Jaime , Shucksmith James , Savic Dragan , Templeton Michael , Mcadam Ewan , Jeffrey Paul
Published: October 2014

Lessons from experiences of managing an engineering doctorate programme are delineated in this paper, with particular emphasis on the relationship between research and practice. The paper reports on applied, practice-oriented research at the UK's industrial doctoral centre for the water sector. A descriptive account of the negotiating value at the research–practice interface is presented based on decades of collective practice, during which the engineering doctorate model has matured and grown. Conclusions focus on recommendations pertaining to project management, knowledge transfer and the effective and consistent translation of academic and practitioner project details.
Performance of orangefin labeo, Labeo calbasu (Hamilton 1822) as a component of polyculture system
Authors: Borah Bibha Chetia , Gogoi Rimzhim , Rahman Abdur
Published: October 2014

This paper deals with the performance of orangefin labeo, Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822) as a component of conventional composite carp culture system. The species was included as 50% substitution to common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in view of its omnivorous feeding habit and bottom dwelling nature. The total production was 0.55% higher in the experimental culture (with L. calbasu and Cyprinus carpio) than in the control (common carp only). The difference in the production was however not significant statistically. The comparative economics revealed 5.30% higher return from the experimental unit. Comparison of growth pattern and survival rates of other five species of carps indicated that inclusion of L. calbasu did not have any adverse impact on the other carps. Growth rate of other carps was observed to be higher in the experimental set by 0.05% on an average than the control. Calculated profit per hectare was found to be 9.2% higher in experimental plot than in the control. Although the gross production and return in the experimental unit was not significantly higher than the control, the data supported that L. calbasu is compatible to other component species in composite carp culture system and its inclusion will enhance the economic viability of the system.
Isolation of bacterial fish pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila and therapeutic effects of medicinal plants on its invasion
Authors: Tareq-Uz-Zaman Md. , Chowdhury Md. Bazlur Rashid , Dipu Md. Rasheduzzaman Khan
Published: October 2014

Aeromonas hydrophila, a bacterial pathogen,  was isolated form Pangasius hypophthalmus. For pathogenicity test, different doses were injected intramuscularly in Barbonymus gonionotus. Crude extracts were prepared from various parts Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, C. zedoaria, and Callotropis gigentia and applied to B. gonionotus for 7 days. Bath treatment was done up to their tolerance level and well ventilation was confirmed for aeration and 50% water was exchanged daily. Minimum inhibitory dose was detected as 7 mg/ml. High inhibitory effect was observed in case of A. indica and mixed extract of A. indica and C. gigentia. Both A. indica and C. gigentia showed the best result with 90-95% recovery of infected fish at a dose of 7 mg/l. C. zedoaria showed moderate to weak effect with 50-60% recovery at the same dose. The present study showed that medicinal plants would be an effective control measure against A. hydrophila.
Comparison of catching efficiency of two Indonesian traditional traps, Ayunan and Tamba
Authors: Ahmadi . , Rachman Muhammad Arief Yanuar , Irhamsyah . , Husin Saaluddin
Published: October 2014

The catching efficiency of traditional traps: Ayunan and Tamba were tested in Sungai Batang River, South Kalimantan of Indonesia. Trials consisted of 320-trap hauls/type using 1-day submersion time of 24 hr. The baited traps sampling accounted for 82 specimens assigned to 5 species of 5 families. There was a large variability in number of catch between prawns and fish species collected (T=2.318, P<0.05). The prawns catch was represented by only the species Macrobrachium rossenbergii with total of 53 and 1,015 g weight. The prawns weight of Tamba was significantly higher than that of Ayunan (T=3.453, P<0.01).The fish catch composed of Mystus gulio 79%, Osteochilus hasselti 10%, Hypostomus plecostomus 7%, and Macrognathus aculeatus 3%, with total weight ranged from 35 to 560 g. A clear difference was found in catching efficiency. Comparative fishing trials showed that Tamba collected specimens were 1.8 times higher than Ayunan (T=2.223, P<0.05). Catch per unit effort for Tamba ranged from 58.13 to 80.00, and for Ayunan ranged from 5.31 to 7.19. The gear modifications and various treatments (e.g. bait odor, light) are necessary to be taken to increase their relative catching efficiency.
Effects of C/N controlled periphyton based organic farming of freshwater prawn on water quality parameters and biotic factors
Authors: Haque Md. Rezoanul , Akter Mahmuda , Pervin Rubaiya
Published: October 2014

The effects of C:N controlled periphyton based organic farming of freshwater prawn on water quality parameters and biotic factors were investigated. The experiment had two treatments: T1 and T2 each with three replications. Stocking density was maintained at 20,000 juveniles ha-1. In T1, only commercially available prawn feed was applied and in T2, a locally formulated and prepared feed containing 24% crude protein with C:N ratio close to 20 was used, and maize flour and bamboo side shoots were provided for maintaining C:N ratio 20.Mean values of water quality parameters did not vary significantly (P>0.05) between treatments. Periphytic biomass in terms of dry matter, ash free dry matter (AFDM) and chlorophyll a showed significant difference (P<0.05) among different sampling months. Individual harvesting weight, individual weight gain, specific growth rates, gross and net yields of prawn were significantly higher (P<0.05) in T2 than T1. Therefore, it was concluded that freshwater prawn might consume periphyton biomass in C:N controlled periphyton based organic farming practices resulted a significantly (P<0.05) higher production of freshwater prawn than traditional farming.
A new probabilistic method for quantifying n‐dimensional ecological niches and niche overlap
Authors: Swanson Heidi K. , Lysy Martin , Power Michael , Stasko Ashley D. , Johnson Jim D. , Reist James D.
Published: October 2014

Considerable progress has been made in the development of statistical tools to quantify trophic relationships using stable isotope ratios, including tools that address size and overlap of isotopic niches. We build upon recent progress and propose a new probabilistic method for determining niche region and pairwise niche overlap that can be extended beyond two dimensions, provides directional estimates of niche overlap, accounts for species‐specific distributions in niche space, and, unlike geometric methods, produces consistent and unique bivariate projections of multivariate data. We define the niche region (NR) as a given 95% (or user‐defined α) probability region in multivariate space. Overlap is calculated as the probability that an individual from species A is found in the NR of species B. Uncertainty is accounted for in a Bayesian framework, and is the only aspect of the methodology that depends on sample size. Application is illustrated with three‐dimensional stable isotope data, but practitioners could use any continuous indicator of ecological niche in any number of dimensions. We suggest that this represents an advance in our ability to quantify and compare ecological niches in a way that is more consistent with Hutchinson's concept of an “n‐dimensional hypervolume.”
Using spatiotemporal statistical models to estimate animal abundance and infer ecological dynamics from survey counts
Authors: Conn Paul B. , Johnson Devin S. , Hoef Jay M. Ver , Hooten Mevin B. , London Joshua M. , Boveng Peter L.
Published: October 2014

Ecologists often fit models to survey data to estimate and explain variation in animal abundance. Such models typically require that animal density remains constant across the landscape where sampling is being conducted, a potentially problematic assumption for animals inhabiting dynamic landscapes or otherwise exhibiting considerable spatiotemporal variation in density. We review several concepts from the burgeoning literature on spatiotemporal statistical models, including the nature of the temporal structure (i.e., descriptive or dynamical) and strategies for dimension reduction to promote computational tractability. We also review several features as they specifically relate to abundance estimation, including boundary conditions, population closure, choice of link function, and extrapolation of predicted relationships to unsampled areas. We then compare a suite of novel and existing spatiotemporal hierarchical models for animal count data that permit animal density to vary over space and time, including formulations motivated by resource selection and allowing for closed populations. We gauge the relative performance (bias, precision, computational demands) of alternative spatiotemporal models when confronted with simulated and real data sets from dynamic animal populations. For the latter, we analyze spotted seal (Phoca largha) counts from an aerial survey of the Bering Sea where the quantity and quality of suitable habitat (sea ice) changed dramatically while surveys were being conducted. Simulation analyses suggested that multiple types of spatiotemporal models provide reasonable inference (low positive bias, high precision) about animal abundance, but have potential for overestimating precision. Analysis of spotted seal data indicated that several model formulations, including those based on a log‐Gaussian Cox process, had a tendency to overestimate abundance. By contrast, a model that included a population closure assumption and a scale prior on total abundance produced estimates that largely conformed to our a priori expectation. Although care must be taken to tailor models to match the study population and survey data available, we argue that hierarchical spatiotemporal statistical models represent a powerful way forward for estimating abundance and explaining variation in the distribution of dynamical populations.
Fracture of a BIOLOX Delta Ceramic Femoral Head Articulating Against a Polyethylene Liner
Authors: Heiner Anneliese D. , Mahoney Craig R.
Published: October 2014

Case:

A forty-five-year-old woman underwent primary total hip arthroplasty with a 36-mm BIOLOX delta ceramic femoral head articulating against a polyethylene liner. She presented with hip pain at eighteen months postoperatively, two months after being in a bicycle accident; fracture of the femoral head was diagnosed.

Conclusion:

The possibility of a ceramic femoral head fracture should be decreased with use of the latest generation of ceramic material, a ceramic-on-polyethylene articulation rather than a ceramic-on-ceramic articulation, and a larger head size, all of which applied to this case. Taper-trunnion compatibility and correct intraoperative handling of the components are also essential.
Pitfalls in Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction with the Flexible Reamer System
Authors: Lee Seung-Yup , Kim Jae-Gyoon , Jang Ki-Mo , Lim Hong-Chul
Published: October 2014

Case:

We present two cases of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with use of the flexible reamer system. In both patients, the starting reamers were broken during femoral reaming. The location of the breaks was approximately 60 mm from the tip of the reamer, which is the transitional zone between the proximal and distal portions of the reamer.

Conclusion:

We believe that several conditions could have resulted in abnormal stress concentration on the flexible reamers, including engagement of the flexible reamer with a physeal scar or the posterior cortex, an inappropriate flexion angle of the knee, and acute bending of the flexible pin.
Osteomyelitis as a Late Complication of Percutaneous Pinning of a Supracondylar Fracture of the Distal Part of the Humerus
Authors: Pulos Nicholas , Carrigan Robert B.
Published: October 2014

Case:

We report a case of an eleven-year-old boy who presented to our clinic with a draining wound from the left elbow. He had a history of a left closed supracondylar humeral fracture that had been treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning at five years of age, and he subsequently developed late-onset osteomyelitis. The patient was successfully treated with surgical irrigation and debridement, followed by intravenous and oral antibiotics.

Conclusion:

Dormant osteomyelitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis for any child who presents with elbow symptoms with a prior history of a supracondylar humeral fracture that has been treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning.
Growth temperature of different local isolates of Bacillus sp. in the solid state affects production of raw starch digesting amylases
Authors: Sokarda-Slavic Marinela , Bozic Natasa , Vujcic Z.
Published: October 2014

Natural amylase producers, wild type strains of Bacillus sp., were isolated
from different regions of Serbia. Strains with the highest amylase activity
based on the starch-agar plate test were grown on solid-state fermentation
(SSF) on triticale. The influence of the substrate and different cultivation
temperature (28 and 37?C) on the production of amylase was examined. The
tested strains produced ?-amylases when grown on triticale grains both at 28
and at 37?C, but the activity of amylases and the number and intensity of the
produced isoforms were different. Significant hydrolysis of raw cornstarch
was obtained with the Bacillus sp. strains 2B, 5B, 18 and 24B. The produced
?-amylases hydrolyzed raw cornstarch at a temperature below the temperature
of gelatinization, but the ability for hydrolysis was not directly related to
the total enzyme activity, suggesting that only certain isoforms are involved
in the hydrolysis.
The application of molecular methods in the identification of isolated strains of parainfluenza 3 virus of cattle
Authors: Veljovic Lj. , Knezevic Aleksandra , Milic N. , Nisavic J.
Published: October 2014

Bovine parainfluenza 3 virus (PI3) causes respiratory infections in cattle
and sheep with great economic losses in livestock. The aim of this
investigation was to determine the significance of molecular methods in the
identification of isolated strains of PI3 virus. Twenty cattle nasal swabs
were analyzed for the presence of PI3 using the standard virology method of
virus isolation in MBDK cell line and virus neutralization test. The
identification of isolated strains was confirmed by RT-PCR and method of
direct sequencing with primers for PI3 fusion (F) protein gene. PI3 virus was
isolated and identified in four nasal swabs using the standard virology
method and RT-PCR. The analysis of nucleotide sequences of isolated PI3
strains showed high similarity with sequences isolated from cattle in Asia.
Our results showed that molecular methods are very useful in the diagnosis of
PI3 infections as well as for the identification and characterization of PI3
strains in Serbia.
Tracing the origin and dynamics of the HIV-1 epidemic in Serbia
Authors: Siljic Marina , Salemovic Dubravka , Jevtovic Dj. , Pesic-Pavlovic Ivana , Zerjav Sonja , Nikolic Valentina , Ranin J. , Stanojevic Maja
Published: October 2014

Since the first report of HIV infection in Serbia in 1985, the HIV-1 epidemic
was very dynamic, changing the pattern in subtype distribution and prevailing
transmission routes. To better understand the origin and epidemiological
dynamics of HIV-1, we analyzed 266 (pol) sequences from Serbian patients
diagnosed over a period of 14 years. Subtype distribution in Serbia is still
marked by a prevailing subtype B genetic form. The transmission pattern,
however, has changed from being intravenous drug user (IVDU) - driven to
predominantly sexual transmission. The estimated time of initial founder
strain introduction of sequences from Serbian IVDUs and MSM (men who have sex
with men) is similar and dates back to the early 1980s, while introduction of
subtype C occurred much more recently.
Using Higuchi’s fractal dimension in fine analysis of the effects of 2.7 mT and 10 mT static magnetic fields on the complex bursting activity of the snail BR neuron
Authors: Kesic S. , Nikolic Ljiljana , Janac Branka , Spasic Sladjana
Published: October 2014

The components of complex bioelectrical activity ? action potential (AP),
interspike interval (ISI) and the quiet interburst interval (IBI), along with
the effects of 2.7 mT and 10 mT static magnetic fields, were identified and
examined in the spontaneously active Br neuron of the subesophageal ganglion
complex of the garden snail Helix pomatia by fractal analysis using Higuchi?s
fractal dimension (FD). The normalized mean of the empirical FD distributions
of bursting activity of the Br neuron were formed under different
experimental conditions: before (Control), during (MF), and after exposure to
the static magnetic field (AMF). Using the fractal analysis method for the
first time, a separation of the AP, ISI and IBI components was successfully
achieved. Our results show that fractal analysis with deconvolution of the
normalized mean of the empirical FD distributions into Gaussian functions is
a useful tool for revealing the effects of magnetic fields on the complexity
of neuronal bioelectric activity and its AP, ISI and IBI components.
The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms of cytokine genes in viral infections
Authors: Cupic Maja , Pravica Vera , Lazarevic Ivana , Banko Ana , Karalic Danijela , Tasic Dijana , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: October 2014

Gene polymorphisms result from evolutionary processes representing mutations
that survive in the population with a frequency higher than 1%. The most
investigated type of gene polymorphisms are single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs). The SNPs of IL-12B (rs 3212227) A/C among a population of kidney
graft CMV-seropositive recipients have an impact on a clinical events in
cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. Constitutive -308 G/A TNF-? polymorphism
(rs1800629) is related to the susceptibility of HR-HPV-associated cervical
dysplasia and cancer. SNP located 3 kb upstream of the IL- 28B gene
(rs12979860) seems to be the strongest host genetic predictor of sustained
virologic response (SVR) in hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. It is very
important to identify viral and host genetic markers that may facilitate the
risk of developing viral disease or some viral-associated cancers. In
addition, these markers could be useful in the choice of effective treatments
and preventive strategies against virally induced infection.
Prevalence and mutational patterns of lamivudine-resistant HBV strains in chronically infected Serbian patients
Authors: Lazarevic Ivana , Cupic Maja , Banko Ana , Karalic Danijela , Delic D. , Svirtlih Neda , Simonovic Jasmina , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: October 2014

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and mutational patterns of
lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains in chronically infected
Serbian patients. The study included 154 patients on long-term lamivudine
monotherapy. Resistance-associated mutations were identified by direct
sequencing of the S/P gene. The genotypic resistance to lamivudine was
confirmed in 54.5% of patients. Three primary resistance-associated mutations
were found: rtM204V (55.9%), rtM204I (40.5%), rtA181T (3.6%) and two
compensatory mutations rtV173L (17.8%) and rtL180M (67.8%). Seven mutational
patterns were discovered with rtL180M+rtM204V being dominant (41.6%). The
presence of resistance associated mutations was correlated to the older age of
patients, the presence of clinically relevant HBsAg mutations and higher
values of viral load. No correlation with HBV genotypes, subgenotypes or
HBsAg subtypes was observed. High prevalence of resistance supports the use
of genotypic testing in monitoring patients on lamivudine therapy and
selecting those who would benefit from therapy with newly developed
nucleos(t)ide analogs.
Prevalence of JC and BK polyomavirus excretion in the urine of HIV-infected patients from Serbia
Authors: Karalic Danijela , Lazarevic Ivana , Cupic Maja , Jevtovic Dj. , Jovanovic Tanja
Published: October 2014

BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) persist as latent infection in the kidneys.
Reactivation of both viruses may be linked to immunodeficiency. The aims of
this study were to determine the prevalence of BKV and JCV viruria and to
evaluate the relationship between immunodeficiency and viruria in a cohort of
HIV-infected patients. Urine samples from 93 HIV-infected patients were
collected and tested for the presence of BKV and JCV DNA by PCR. The overall
prevalence of polyomavirus DNA in urine was 74.2%. BKV DNA was detected in
30.1% urine samples and JCV DNA in 23.7% samples. Both BKV and JCV DNA were
detected in 20.4% samples. There was no association between BKV/JCV urinary
shedding and the degree of immunosuppression measured by CD4+ cell count.
However, taking into account the severity of disease resulting from
reactivation of BKV and JCV, patients with HIV/polyomavirus co-infection
should be kept under frequent and regular supervision.
Checklist of non-indigenous fish species of the River Danube
Authors: Zoric Katarina , Simonovic P. , Djikanovic Vesna , Markovic Vanja , Nikolic Vera , Simic V. , Paunovic M.
Published: October 2014

Twenty non-indigenous fish species were recorded in the Danube River. The
manner of their introduction, vectors, pathways, as well as invasive status
are discussed. The major modes of introduction and translocation were found
to be aquaculture and fish stocking. The main environmental consequences of
the spread of alien fish are related to changes in the structure and
functioning of the fish community and to the introduction of non-indigenous
parasites.
Influence of sampling, storage, processing and optimal experimental conditions on adenylate energy charge in penaeid shrimp
Authors: Robles-Romo Arlett , Arjona Olivia , Racotta Ilie
Published: October 2014

Adenylate energy charge (AEC) has been used as a practical index of the
physiological status and health in several disciplines, such as ecotoxicology
and aquaculture. This study standardizes several procedures for AEC
determination in penaeid shrimp that are very sensitive to sampling. We
concluded that shrimp can be frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at
-76?C for up to two years for further analysis, or freshly dissected and
immediately homogenized in acid. Other cooling procedures, such as immersion
in cold water or placing shrimp on ice for 15 min resulted in 50% and 73%
decreases in ATP levels, and 9-fold and 10-fold increases in IMP levels,
respectively. Optimal values of AEC (0.9) were obtained in shrimp recently
transferred from ponds to indoor conditions, but decreased to 0.77 after one
month in indoor tanks when stocked at high densities; the AEC re-established
to 0.85 when the shrimps were transferred to optimal conditions (lower
density and dark tanks). While the levels of arginine phosphate followed the
same pattern, its levels did not fully re-establish. Comparison of different
devices for sample homogenization indicated that a cryogenic ball mill mixer
is the more suitable procedure.
Molecular characterization of COI gene of Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Serbia
Authors: Cakic Sanja , Mojsilovic Miljana , Mihaljica D. , Milutinovic Marija , Petrovic A. , Tomanovic Snezana
Published: October 2014

The Ixodes ricinus tick is common in the central part of the Balkan
Peninsula. It is a vector of pathogenic agents causing diseases in humans and
animals. Little is known about the genetic structure of I. ricinus in this
region. We have investigated intraspecific variability of the COI gene among
I. ricinus ticks collected from different regions of Serbia, and the
correlation between the various types of habitat and genetic variability of
ticks. The obtained COI gene sequences are the first barcoding sequences of
I. ricinus ticks collected at localities in Serbia. Intraspecific variability
of these COI gene sequences was very low, and there was no correlation
between the various types of habitat and genetic variability of ticks.
Samples from isolated localities (canyon/gorge) showed no genetic
differentiations from the majority of samples from open areas.
New and interesting bryophyte records for the flora of Serbia
Authors: Pantovic Jovana , Grdovic Svetlana , Sabovljevic Aneta , Sabovljevic Marko
Published: October 2014

During a revision of the bryophyte collections in the Herbarium of the Balkan
Peninsula, Natural History Museum of Belgrade (BEO) and the Herbarium of the
University of Belgrade (BEOU), as well as historical literature data, four
bryophytes were identified as new to the flora of Serbia, namely, the mosses
Fontinalis hypnoides, Leucobryum juniperoideum, Dicranum spurium and the
hornwort Phaeoceros laevis. Fontinalis hypnoides is relatively recently
recorded in SW Serbia, while Leucobryum juniperoideum and Dicranum spurium
are known from historical collections. The hornwort Phaeoceros laevis was
cited for SE Serbia in 1907, but up to now not found again.
Antiproliferative effects of Tanaceti partheni, Hypericum perforatum and propolis on HeLa cells
Authors: Cenic-Milosevic Desanka , Tambur Zoran , Ivancajic S. , Stanojkovic Tatjana , Grozdanic Nadja , Kulisic Z. , Juranic Zorica
Published: October 2014

Tanaceti partheni, Hypericum perforatum and propolis have been widely used
for centuries and are well-documented medicinal plants and natural product.
In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative effects of water
extracts of ethanolic dry extracts of two different medicinal plants
(Tanaceti partheni and Hypericum perforatum) and propolis on HeLa cells. The
Tanaceti partheni extract exhibited mild cytotoxic activity. The IC50 was
153.71 ?g/mL. The extract of Hypericum perforatum did not show active
cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells (IC50 >200 ?g/mL). Regarding the
antiproliferative effects of Hypericum perforatum, our results are not in
correlation with the results of other authors, probably because different
Hypericum species and different human cancer cell lines were used. The
extract of propolis did not show active cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells
(IC50 = 1.08 ? 0.01 mg/mL). The weak antiproliferative effect of propolis on
HeLa cells is either due to the use of a low concentration of propolis
extracted in weakly polar solvents, or the use of propolis collected in the
autumn.
Possible influence of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on serum lipid levels in Serbian school children
Authors: Damnjanovic Tatjana , Lukovic Ljiljana , Cvetkovic Dragana , Jekic Biljana , Bunjevacki Vera , Maksimovic Nela , Cvjeticanin Suzana , Majkic-Singh Nada , Slavko S. , Novakovic Ivana
Published: October 2014

The effect of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T
polymorphism on serum lipid profiles is controversial. We randomly selected
530 healthy schoolchildren that were included in the Yugoslav Study of the
Precursors of Atherosclerosis in School Children (YUSAD). The detected
frequencies of MTHFR 677TT genotypes and MTHFR 677T allele were 13.4% and
35.5%, respectively. The mean levels of total cholesterol, low-density
lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were higher and high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in the group of children with TT genotype
compared with remaining genotypes. All differences were without statistical
significance. Our findings suggest that there is no influence of MTHFR C677T
gene variants on the lipid parameters in the population of Serbian children.
Estrogen receptor β agonist inhibits proliferation of endometrial stromal cells in an estrogen-receptor independent manner
Authors: Xia Qiong , Zhao Dong , Wang Juan
Published: October 2014

The finding that estrogen receptor ER? agonists induce regression of ectopic
endometrial implants in a rodent model has rekindled interest in the role of
ER? in the growth and maintenance of human endometriosis. We hypothesize that
the ER? agonist may have a direct effect on the human endometrium. We
examined the mRNA and protein expression of ER? in both eutopic and ectopic
endometrium and performed a luciferase reporter assay for the presence of
functional ER? in human endometrial stromal cells. Diarylpropionitrile (DPN -
a ER? specific agonist) significantly inhibited endometrial stromal cell
proliferation at 10 M by 25% but not at 10 nM. ER? mRNA is present in both
eutopic and ectopic endometrium; however, protein expression is absent in
both stroma and epithelium. Our search for functional ER? similarly showed an
absence in endometrial stromal cells. These results suggest that the
regression of endometriosis might be ER?-independent.
A school garden in biotechnical education
Authors: Pogacnik M. , Znidarcic D. , Strgar Jelka
Published: October 2014

This study was conducted on a sample of 360 students of biotechnical
education aged 15 to 18 with the aim of testing the effectiveness of
experiential instruction in a school garden in comparison with traditional
instruction in a classroom. The results show that experiential instruction
yielded significantly better achievement scores than traditional teaching.
The experiential instruction group scored higher in both cognitive domains
included in the test, i.e. knowing and applying. Students? knowledge in a
post-test was influenced by gender, grade and the educational program that
students were enrolled in.

 This article has been retracted. Link to the retraction 10.2298/ABS150612076E
Effect of long-term cyanide exposure on cyanide-sensitive respiration and phosphate metabolism in the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus
Authors: Stanic Marina , Zivic M. , Hadzibrahimovic Mirzeta , Pajdic Aleksandra , Krizak S. , Zizic M. , Zakrzewska Joanna
Published: October 2014

The effects of long-term exposure (5 h) of Phycomyces blakesleeanus mycelium
to 5 mM KCN on respiration and phosphate metabolites were tested. Exposure to
cyanide, antimycin A and azide lead to a decrease in the activity of
cyanide-sensitive respiration (CSR), and the ratio of core polyphosphates
(PPc) and inorganic phosphates (Pi), which is a good indicator of the
metabolic state of a cell. After 5 h of incubation, the activity of CSR
returned to control values. For this, the recovery of cytochrome c oxidase
(COX) was required. In addition, the PPc/Pi ratio started to recover shortly
after initiation of COX recovery, but never reached control values. This led
us to conclude that the regulation of polyphosphate (PPn) levels in the cell
is tightly coupled to respiratory chain functioning. In addition, acutely
applied cyanide caused two different responses, observed by 31P NMR
spectroscopy, that were probably mediated through the mechanism of glycolytic
oscillations, triggered by the effect of cyanide on mitochondria.
Quantity of glucosinolates in 10 cabbage genotypes and their impact on the feeding of Mamestra brassicae caterpillars
Authors: Bohinc Tanja , Devetak M. , Trdan S.
Published: October 2014

In 2011, we studied the glucosinolate content in 5 cultivars and 5 cabbage
hybrids grown outdoors in order to study their influence on the feeding of
cabbage moth caterpillars (Mamestra brassicae). The selected genotypes were
categorized into three groups, early (the growth period from 55 to 70 days),
mid-early (80-90 days) and mid-late (110-140 days), while the samples of
cabbage for glucosinolate analysis were taken at five intervals, during which
we also assessed genotypes for the extent of damage caused by caterpillars.
We found that the feeding of caterpillars affected primarily the mid-early
and mid-late genotypes of cabbage, and that the glucosinolate content among
the different cabbage genotypes varies. The highest content of the analyzed
glucosinolates was established in mid-late genotypes. Glucobrassicin was the
only glucosinolate found in all cabbage genotypes, yet its antixenotic effect
(r=0.20) was very low. We found that sinalbin negatively affects the feeding
of cabbage moth caterpillars in mid-early cabbage genotypes (r=-0.34), while
the same effect of sinigrin on the extent of damage can be observed in
mid-late genotypes (r=-0.27). We have established a strong or moderate
correlation between the gluconapin (r=0.87) and progoitrin (r=0.66) contents
in mid-late genotypes and the extent of damage caused by caterpillars. Our
research proves that different cabbage genotypes are responsible for
different susceptibilities to damage by the cabbage moth, and that one of the
factors of natural resistance of cabbage are also glucosinolates. Despite
this, due to their variability in cabbage we cannot precisely determine the
set of genotypes that would ensure a higher cabbage yield as a result of less
damage caused by the cabbage moth. Thus, we need to identify in more detail
the reasons for the time and quantum variability of glucosinolates in
Brassicaceae.
Fatty acid profile in muscles of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) raised in a semi-intensive production system fed with grains, pelleted and extruded feed
Authors: Zivic Ivana , Zivic M. , Bjelanovic Katarina , Spasic M. , Raskovic B. , Stankovic M. , Markovic Z.
Published: October 2014

The effects of grains, pelleted and extruded feed on the fatty acid content
in carp meat has not been examined yet. In this work, we present evidence
that the high carbohydrate content in all three types of feed causes oleic
acid to predominate in all meat samples. A higher PUFA content in the meat of
fish fed with granulated feed was detected. The extruded feed diet led to 69%
greater n-3, and 53% lower n-6 fatty acid contents. Their ratio is thus
2.64-fold higher than in meat of carp fed with pelleted feed. A higher
content of n-3 fatty acids in fish fed with extruded feed was the consequence
of higher DHA (1.6 times) and EPA (3.3 times) contents. The detected
differences could be the consequence of the thermal treatment of extruded
feed that makes the proteins, carbohydrates and lipids more accessible to
fish than in a pelleted feed.
Duvalius (Paraduvalius) petrovici sp.n. and D.(P.) sotirovi sp.n. (Carabidae: Trechinae: Trechini): Two new troglobitic ground beetles from eastern and southeastern Serbia
Authors: Curcic S. , Vrbica Maja , Antic D. , Curcic B. , Vesovic N.
Published: October 2014

The following two new troglobitic trechine ground beetle species are
described from two caves in eastern and southeastern Serbia: Duvalius
(Paraduvalius) petrovici sp. n., from the Resavska Pecina Cave, village of
Jelovac, near Despotovac, Kucajske Planine Mts., and D. (P.) sotirovi sp. n.,
from the Ogorelicka Pecina Cave, village of Sicevo, near Nis, Svrljiske
Planine Mts. The new species considerably differ from the related taxa. All
important morphological characteristics of the species, along with the
diagnoses and images of the taxa are presented. These represent relicts and
endemics of eastern and southeastern parts of Serbia and are of great age
(probably Tertiary or even before).