bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Prevention of Organised Crime Act 1998: The Need for Extraterritorial Jurisdiction to Prosecute the Higher Echelons of Those Involved in Rhino Poaching
Authors: Nanima Robert Doya
Published: October 2019

The continuous rising levels of rhino poaching in South Africa require smart strategies that move beyond prosecuting the actual poachers to engaging the transnational criminals who deal with the rhino horn after it leaves the country. In this regard, South Africa has a number of laws that deal with the poaching of rhino horns. The Prevention of Organised Crime Act 121 of 1998 (POCA) does not provide for the adequate prosecution of offenders outside South Africa. It is argued that the POCA has to be amended to provide for extraterritorial jurisdiction to deal with the prosecution of the higher echelons of those involved in rhino poaching. While the POCA provides for extraterritorial jurisdiction in some respects, the application of these provisions still presents challenges in their implementation. To substantiate this claim, this article first discusses the international networks that support the trade in rhino horn. A critique of the available statistics on rhino poaching follows, as does a suggestion that attention must be paid to the details in the statistical records to understand how desperate the situation is. Thereafter, an evaluation of South Africa's legislative framework and other interlinking factors that affect rhino poaching is performed This demonstrates the need for extraterritorial jurisdiction with regard to rhino poaching.
Deciphering Dangerousness: A Critical Analysis of Section 286A and B of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977
Authors: Nortje Windell , Hamman Abraham , Albertus Chesne
Published: October 2019

The violent nature of some crimes and the high crime rate in South Africa reflect the fact that some offenders constitute a real threat to the security of communities. It is understandable, therefore, that the state seeks to protect its citizens through preventive measures. Although South Africa has certain legal provisions on its statutory books, it seems that the declaration of persons as dangerous criminals is under-utilised. South African legislation dealing with the declaration of dangerous criminals can be improved by borrowing some traits of the Canadian legislation. Such features include the restriction of courts' discretion and the provision of concrete and more detailed guidelines on the nature of the offences for which the provision can be applied. The courts could also take into account the type of criminal history of the offender which would merit the declaration of a dangerous criminal. It is also important that the extent of the violence in an offence should be thoroughly defined in court. Courts need to balance their wide discretion on the matter with the provisions in the Act in order to protect the community against dangerous criminals.
Conhecimento de enfermeiras sobre a ocorrência de incidentes com pessoas idosas hospitalizadas
Authors: Jesus Ludmila Anjos de , Medeiros Maria Olívia Sobral Fraga de , Silva Mary Gomes
Published: October 2019

OBJETIVO: analisar o conhecimento de enfermeiras sobre a ocorrência de incidentes durante a assistência de enfermagem ao idoso hospitalizado. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo quantitativo-descritivo, realizado com enfermeiras assistenciais em unidades de internação de um centro geriátrico em Salvador-BA. RESULTADOS: Os incidentes mais citados pelas enfermeiras foram lesão por pressão (26,15%) e quedas (16,92%). Entre os principais fatores relacionados aos incidentes citados pelas profissionais destacaram-se as condições clínicas dos pacientes, contudo também foram apontados fatores institucionais e humanos. Sobre as medidas que devem ser adotadas após incidentes, 48% evidenciou que devem ser realizadas medidas educativas com a equipe e 32% correção dos fatores relacionados. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se que as enfermeiras têm conhecimento sobre a ocorrência de incidentes com idosos na prática hospitalar. É fundamental sensibilizar os profissionais quanto à importância da capacitação teórico-prática. Compreender a segurança do paciente é imprescindível para o desenvolvimento de estratégias voltadas para minimizar os incidentes.
Constructing an Electronic Circuitry for Label-free Hall Biosensors
Authors: İZCİ Davut
Published: October 2019

Magnetic field has a
huge potential of providing non-destructive and highly efficient detection
platforms in biosensing field. It provides a low intrinsic background in
biological systems since those systems have no comparable biological signal.
Hall devices are currently dominating the market of the magnetic sensors due to
several advantages such as allowing miniaturization, being compatible with
electronics integration, cheaper fabrication and room temperature operation
with high linearity. It is important to construct a suitable front-end
circuitry in order to be able to achieve a portable and label-free working Hall
biosensor. This paper presents the construction of an electronic circuitry that
is required for actuating Hall based biosensors and obtaining the output since
there are undesired effects which are causing less sensitive or less accurate
results. The paper takes a closer look at those effects and presents the
solution to the problem by introducing a developed circuitry on a designed
printed circuit board along with the promising results it has achieved.
STRUCTURAL AND GENETIC FEATURES AND TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LANDSCAPES OF THE CASPIAN PLAINS ZONE (SOUTH-EAST-SHIRVAN, SALYAN AND LANKARAN)
Authors: Ismaylov M.
Published: October 2019

The article describes the two main groups of factors influencing the modern landscape dynamics: natural and anthropogenic. The anthropogenic factors involved in landscape dynamics are more intense than natural factors. Natural factors mainly determine the direction of the dynamics of landscapes. In the structural-genetic relation the current state of landscapes of a zone of Caspian plains differs in exclusive dynamism and intensively increasing anthropogenic loading. In general, the coastal flat landscapes of the explored territory which left from under water in recent times in connection with late geology – geomorphology processes, have a relatively young pleistocene-golotsen age. In the structural- genetic relation the current state of landscapes of a zone of Caspian plains differs in exclusive dynamism and intensively increasing anthropogenic loading. In general, the coastal flat landscapes of the explored territory which left from under water in recent times in connection with late geology processes, have a relatively young pleistocene-golotsen age.
Development of extensive and intensive rural economy led to strong change of a vegetable cover here that complicates a research of cause and effect communications between vegetable areas and regularities of zone distribution of other components of landscapes. Now on the Lankaran lowland of the wood remained only in the form of fragments.
By our calculations, for the last 100 years woodiness of the Lankaran lowland decreased almost by 4-5 times. Basic changes of the forest areas Lankaran plains and replacement with their same agrotsenoza or afforestations consisting of one – two tree species (a kashtanolisty oak, a pine, a poplar, etc.), considerably strengthened integration of specific structure and level structure of a vegetable cover.
Deforestation, drainage of swamps, increase in zones of resettlement and population density, growth of acreage, fluctuation of level of the Caspian Sea were also the reasons of decrease in number and structure of primary fauna of the Caspian plain.
SOCIO-GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF MORSHYN AND TRUSKAVETS BALNEOLOGICAL RESORTS OF LVIV REGION
Authors: Horyn I.
Published: October 2019

The article agnowledges that Morshyn and Truskavets balneological resorts are important components of the health-improving, recreational and economic potential of the Lviv region. Every year in Morshyn and Truskavets, some 300,000 Ukrainian and foreign holidaymakers come to Ukraine, contributing to the economic development of the studied resorts in the region. The article sheds light on the main features of these resorts. The main factors of attractiveness of the cities of Morshyn and Truskavets are analyzed. It is shown that the cost of permits in sanatorium and boarding houses of these resorts is highly dependent on the period of the year. At the resorts the most expensive trips are found in the summer and winter. They are especially expensive during New Year’s and Christmas holidays, when there is the largest flow of tourists. The cheapest trips are in the fall and from the middle of January to the beginning of April. When selecting between Morshyn and Truskavets, visitors pay attention to the specialization of resorts, estimate the cost of living, assess additional facilities, which include entertainment, medical and SPA procedures, etc. Transport accessibility of the sanatoriums, hotels or villas is an important issue, which is often emphasized during the decision making by tourists as well as the possibility of obtaining complete information about the entire assortment of services provided in the resorts. In the article, an important point is the difference in the composition of water consumed by visitors with a healing purpose. Both Morshyn and Truskavets are marked by unique mineral springs with a healing effect. In the territory of two resorts for public use pump rooms for the consumption of mineral water have been constructed. In Morshyn, own pump rooms have sanatoria Morshynsky and Kiev plus, and in Truskavets – sanatoria Rixos Prykarpattya, Carpathians, Pearl of the Carpathians, Shakhtar, Moldova, Vernigore, Forest song, Almaz, Crystal, Dnipro-Beskid, Polonin and Geneva. Accommodation establishments that operate today in the abovementioned resorts of the Lviv region are investigated. A SWOT-analysis of the balneological resorts development in the city of Morshyn and Truskavets was conducted.
THE USE OF ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES WHEN RECEIVING GOVERNMENT SERVICES OF THE PENSION FUND OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Kolmakov S. V.
Published: October 2019

The provision of state services in electronic form today is one of the innovative directions of development of mechanisms for implementing the functions of state bodies. This was made possible by the improvement of information technology and the use of electronic signatures to give legal significance to documents in electronic form. The article raises the legal and technical issues of using electronic signatures in the practice of providing public services to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation in electronic form.

In the first part of the article, based on an analysis of federal regulatory legal acts in the field of public services and the use of electronic signatures, it is concluded about the types of electronic signatures used in the provision of public services in electronic form, as well as by what means the applicant can check the availability and validity of the electronic signature on received documents as a result of the provision of services.

The second part analyzes the use of electronic signatures in the provision of two selective government services of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (informing insured persons about the status of their individual personal accounts in the compulsory pension insurance system and informing citizens about the category of citizens of pre-retirement age) through the Unified portal of public services and the personal account of the insured Pension Fund of the Russian Federation website. The author verifies the validity of electronic signatures on documents obtained as a result of an experiment using the services of the Unified Portal of State Services and a commercial accredited Certification Authority.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INNOVATIVE PROJECTS IN TRANSPORT COMPANIES
Authors: Khramtsova N. A. , Khramtsov R. I.
Published: October 2019

The article deals with the effectiveness of innovative projects in transport enterprises. Factors affecting the effectiveness of innovative projects. How innovations can affect the quality of transport services, increase the competitiveness of companies. The article also discusses the causes of low innovation activity in the age of high technology and assisting the state in the innovative development of the transport segment of the economy. State support of innovative development of transport enterprises.
Instrumental and Methodologicalaspects of the segmentation of Regional Labour Markets Using Qualification characteristics
Authors: Harkin V. V.
Published: October 2019

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to improve forecast-oriented management of the segmentation of regional labour markets for the professions that are in greatest demand in the main groups of the All-Russian Classifier of Occupations. The following tasks should be addressed towards this goal: 1) to group Subjects of the Russian Federation and identify, on forecast basis, the influence factors behind the dynamics of the vacanciesposted; 2) todevelopatoolkitandprioritisetheinfluencefactorsestablishedandtheirinter-relationshiplevel; 3) to preparegroupingsof the regions with the maximum number of vacancies posted in the All-Russian Database of Vacancies for the most needed professions, specialities, and occupations as per the ОК010-2014 All-Russian Classifier of Occupations using the results of two waves of longitudinal investigation; 4) to justify the methodology and toolkit for calculating the integral ratings of Subjects of the Russian Federation; 5) to find out, on an expert basis, the level of high technology employers’ interaction with job centres; and 6) to summarise the instrumental and methodologicalaspects developed and the proposed measures for qualification-based management of the segmentation of regional labour markets.

Methods: this article is based on the introduction of elements of a forecast-oriented approach to employment support using the results of regular monitoring efforts by the Russian Ministry of Labour in this area.

Results: the article shows that the increase in the number of the vacancies posted by employers in the “Work in Russia” All-Russian Database of Vacancies results from their active engagement with job centres, raises the level of the realisation of businesses’ needs for skilled and professional employees and relieves tensions in regional labour markets. Support of employment is closely related to labour productivity growth, particularly in high technology sectors.

Conclusions and Relevance: the materials discussed in the article present elements of forecast-oriented management of job centres aimed at regional labour markets’ segments for the professions and skilled levels required by them. The studies presented develop labour market economics with a view to better regulation of demand for and supply of employees with the required qualifications in the light of the current challenges, including the digitalisation of the economy. The practical use of the results of this article will help update the practice of management of the employment authorities at the federal, inter-regional and regional levels in the light of the results of the “Labour Productivity and Support of Employment” national project that is being implemented.
La alimentación enteral como cuidado paliativo. Una reflexión desde la biopolítica
Authors: Rodríguez Soriano Roberto Israel
Published: October 2019

En este trabajo se ofrece una problematización del dilema ético que representa el procedimiento médico de la alimentación enteral aplicado como un cuidado paliativo. La hipótesis interpretativa es que este procedimiento puede ser visto desde una perspectiva biopolítica.Para sostener la tesis se hace una reflexión sobre los fundamentos que el Estado Moderno esgrime para la defensa de la vida desde las prácticas médicas con una perspectiva hipocrática conformando así mecanismos de control de la vida. Acorde con la tesis, la alimentación enteral como cuidado paliativo se presentaría como una de las prácticas médicas que ejemplifican de manera más patente la intención del control político de la vida humana, tanto biológica como cultural.
Formación ética en psicología a partir de estrategias didácticas que promuevan un pensamiento crítico y reflexivo
Authors: Pulido Castelblanco Diana Paola , Pulecio Rivera Cristian Camilo , Patiño Chaves Oskar Iván
Published: October 2019

La educación ética en las universidades ha estado caracterizada por la transmisión de corrientes filosóficas, normas y/o códigos, dirigidos a ser una guía para el actuar en forma de máximas que han de ser rectores de la conducta y excelencia profesional. No obstante, esta educación ha demostrado ser inefectiva. Como resultado, es frecuente encontrar errores de tipo ético en la praxis de las disciplinas. Atendiendo a la necesidad de trascender la formación ética teórica, y buscar una educación práctica y aplicada, con la finalidad de fomentar el desarrollo de profesionales autónomos, responsables, críticos y con sentido de excelencia en el actuar profesional, se han recopilado experiencias formativas basadas en la promoción del pensamiento crítico y reflexivo. En primer lugar, se realizó una revisión teórica enfocada en las principales deficiencias de la educación en ética, seguido se recopilaron estrategias didácticas que han demostrado ser valiosas para el cultivo de la deliberación y el pensamiento crítico y reflexivo en los estudiantes, por último, como resultado de la investigación y entendiendo la necesidad de llevar la información recogida a los docentes comprometidos en la transformación educativa, se realizó una cartilla dinámica, amigable al lector y con la finalidad de ser un apoyo a los docentes encargados de enseñar ética en las universidades. La cartilla fue validada a nivel de contenido a través de juicio de expertos y análisis de V de Aiken, mostrando ser coherente conceptualmente y de utilidad de acuerdo al objetivo de la misma.
Saccharification of Orange Bagasse Pre-treated with Calcium Hydroxide using an enzymatic blend Diluted Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Pires Nogueira Danielle , Ferreira Rosa Paula Rubia , Aparecida Seolatto Araceli , Galeano Suarez Carlos Alberto , Ferreira Freitas Fernanda
Published: October 2019

Enzymatic and dilute acid processes were applied to study the orange bagasse hydrolysis. The moisture, ashes, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose contents, of the orange peels, were quantified. The xylanase and cellulase enzymes activities  were quantified, as well as their optimum pH and temperatures. The pre dried orange peel biomass was pre-treated with calcium hydroxide, at preestablished conditions. The hydrolysis followed a central composite factorial 2³ design. The cellulase activity was 28.05x10-6 FPU (Filter Paper Units)/m3, the optimum pH was 4.8 and the temperature was 60°C. The results for xylanase were an activity of 199.58x10-3 U/Kg, pH 5.2, and temperature 50°C. The acid hydrolysis TRS (total reducing sugars) values varied from (9.328±0.68 mg)*10-3 TRS per Kg of biomass to (30.15±0.31)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass, the most significant factor was the temperature and the least the time. The enzymatic hydrolysis TRS values varied from (77.33±3.82)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass to (99.66±0.62)*10-3 mg TRS per Kg biomass, the most significant factor was the concentration of cellulase and the least the xylanase concentration.
LIMITING ACCESS TO UNAPPROVED THERAPIES: A PATERNALISTIC PRACTICE?
Authors: Solc Martin
Published: October 2019

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é responder sobre se são permitidas as limitações do acesso a terapias não aprovadas fora dos ensaios clínicos, à luz do paradigma moderno dos cuidados de saúde, que se baseia na autonomia de vontade dos pacientes. O debate do texto se concentra nas terapias que consistem no fornecimento de medicamentos não registrados. A lei é muitas vezes restritiva ao permitir que os pacientes recebam terapias experimentais, mesmo que concedam consentimento totalmente informado. A lei tcheca e um recente caso tcheco de terapia com células-tronco não aprovada fornecem uma base para a análise do problema com conclusões universalmente aplicáveis. Argumentamos que a regulamentação do acesso a terapias não aprovadas atende a um importante interesse público da proteção da confiança pública no sistema de saúde e, portanto, é justificada. A lei deve permitir apenas o acesso a terapias experimentais com justificativas científicas suficientes. Sob certas condições, os pacientes podem cobrir os custos da terapia.
Valuación con opciones reales, transformación de Edgeworth y funciones isoelásticas de utilidad
Authors: Milanesi Gastón
Published: October 2019

Las empresas de la nueva economía como start up, empresas de base tecnólogicas, intangibles en I&D, e inversiones en estrategias innovadoras, entre otras, se caracteriza por su dinamismo y flexibilidad. Para su valoración se deben emplear modelos de opciones reales. La principal debilidad de los modelos reside en suponer mercados completos, condición difícil de cumplir en mercados emergentes. Por tal motivo, se desarrolla un modelo que combina la transformación de Edgeworth y funciones isoelásticas de utilidad (CRRA - relative risk aversión coefficient), incorporando grados de aversión al riesgo del agente. Se utiliza el análisis de casos, sobre un proyecto biofarmacéutico con opciones secuenciales; se aplica análisis de sensibilidad sobre el coeficiente de aversión y el valor de la opción. Se concluye sobre las ventajas del modelo, en particular, se incorpora la probabilidad extrema de éxitos y fracasos mediante momentos estocásticos de orden superior y actitudes frente al riesgo.
INTEGRAL DONOSOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF ADOLESCENT’S HEALTH IN CONDITIONS OF THE COMPLEX INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Authors: Setko N. P. , Vakhmistrova A. V. , Setko A. G. , Bulycheva Ekaterina V.
Published: October 2019

Under real conditions adolescents are influenced by a complex of environmental factors that determine the relevance of the search for quantitative indices of the health status under the action of environmental factors. The article shows that in conditions of complex influence of environmental factors in adolescents in the state of health, deviations are noted at the level of changes in physiological status characterized by disorganization of the functioning of the central nervous, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the inter-systemic connections of which increase with the elevating dose of factors. On the basis of the mathematical analysis, an integral index of physiological status was determined - the index of physiological imbalance (IFD), which in adolescents subjected to a high anthropogenic load was by 1.7 times higher than in adolescents living in an area where the anthropogenic load was 1.4 times lower and correspondingly was 2.85 units and 1.60 units, which indicated to the tension of the processes of adaptation of the organism to a complex of environmental factors on the basis of the gradation scale of adaptation reactions developed by the authors, depending on the quantitative characteristics of the index of physiological imbalance.
ASSESSMENT OF ECOTOXICOLOGICAL STATE OF SOILS OF THE POLAR URAL AND SOUTHERN YAMAL
Authors: Alekseev Ivan I. , Dinkelaker N. V. , Oripova A. A. , Semyina G. A. , Morozov A. A. , Abakumov E. V.
Published: October 2019

Increasing rates of anthropogenic forcing on natural and urban ecosystems in the Arctic requires the development of more detailed environmental monitoring. In this context, studying of contents of background trace elements seems to be actual goal. The goal of this study is an assessment of the content of background heavy metals in natural soils of the Polar Urals (surroundings of mountain Chyornaya), surroundings of Salekhard and foothills of the Polar Urals and urban soils (Kharsaim, Aksarka, Labytnangi, Kharp, Salekhard). Levels of maximum permissible concentrations (MPCs) were established to be exceeded by some elements (As, Ni, Co) in most of soil samples (from both urban and natural environments). It can indicate to high regional background contents for these elements especially in case of natural soils. The highest exceedance of MPCs is typical for soil samples from urban environments. For other studied trace elements (Cu, Zn, Pb, Sr) MPCs are exceeded only in few cases. The highest trace elements content in urban soils is connected with sites with significantly high rates of anthropogenic forcing (chrome-processing factory in Kharp). The highest trace elements content for natural soils can be connected with three soil profile zones: peat-like horizons, stagnic and cryogenic geochemical barriers, and soil horizons with clay texture class. Moreover, we discussed problems of trace elements behavior in conditions of changing climate of the Arctic and permafrost degradation.
THE PROBLEM OF THE ASSESSMENT OF BACKGROUND CONTENT OF HEAVY METAL IN THE KUBAN-MANYCH WATERWAY
Authors: Dementiev Mikhail S. , Dementieva D. M.
Published: October 2019

In most regions of the central part of the North Caucasus, there is a persistent increase in the prevalence rate of congenital malformations of the child population and the development of other health problems. It is probable due to the fact that unlike many other regions of Russia the upper reaches of the Kuban water are contaminated by metals with a significant excess of MPCrx due to their entry from rock depths. The highest excess of manganese, copper and iron was observed. For other metals there are specific for individual waters deviations upward or downward. To date, the water in large quantities for the irrigation network is transmitted in steppe regions, feasting upon the path of additional quantities of natural contaminants, and mainly anthropogenic origin. The massive use of irrigated agriculture, the saturation of groundwater contaminants is the basis for their accumulation in the agricultural products. Thus, after drinking it is the second a local source of metals in the human body. The problem for detection of correlative relationships between pollution and human health in this case is the lack of such a target as the total MPC of pollutants in the human body, balancing entry-selection for different age, gender and other characteristics of human differences.
THE EFFECTIVENESS AND ADEQUACY OF METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR HYGIENIC STANDARDS FOR PARASITOLOGICAL INDICES IN THE SYSTEM OF STATE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
Authors: Aslanova Marya M. , Kuznetsova K. Yu. , Sinitsyna O. O. , Zagaynova A. V.
Published: October 2019

There was performed the analysis of the correspondence of approved methods of parasitological research to goals of ensuring an effective system of sanitary and hygienic monitoring and control of parasitic environmental safety. There has been established the discrepancy between the methodological procedures and the international standards of laboratory technologies and the backlog in the provision of regulatory and legal requirements. One of directions in solving the problems of the practical health service is the improvement of the material and technical and methodological basis of parasitological laboratories, the introduction of high-tech robotic microscope analyzers and research methods based on the use of immunosorbents - methods of immunomagnetic separation (IMS), adapted to parasitological studies of environmental objects of various natural origin. IMS methods of investigation are based on the use of immunosorbents.
EFFECT OF SOCIAL-HYGIENE FACTORS ON POPULATION HEALTH IN THE PRIMORYE TERRITORY
Authors: Yarygina Marina V. , Kiku P. F. , Gorborukova T. V. , Moreva V. G. , Sabirova K. M. , Kondratev K. V.
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the research is to establish the basic social and hygienic mechanisms of the formation of population health in the Primorsky Krai. The study analyzed the main ecodependent diseases: respiratory diseases, urogenital system, skin in the population residing in model points in the coastal and continental bioclimatic zones of the Primorye Territory with a variety of social and environmental performance. According to the suggested hypothesis of social-hygienic study the prevalence rate of ecodependent pathology in the population of the Primorye Territory is influenced by a complex of unfavorable factors of ecological, climatic and socio-hygienic risk, including the underlying factors or their groups not detected by conventional methods, but capable of to have a significant impact. The results showed regional features of the influence of environmental factors, lifestyle on the health of the major demographic groups living in different bio-climatic, social and environmental conditions of urban and rural areas of the region. The backbone force for all groups is a way of life. For urban residents of the coastal zone there is a significant ecological and social impact of environmental factors, while for rural residents - social and hygienic. Under the complex influence of socio-hygienic and climatic factors on the prevalence rate of ecodependent pathology the level of disease was found to be largely dependent on the specific way of life in the ecological and bio-climatic conditions of the region. Among the not detectable factors of socio-hygienic monitoring, a special place was revealed to be occupied by the socio-psychological peculiarities of the production environment and everyday life, which depend on the social (social and educational prospects, social and material satisfaction, job availability and the possibility of further training, environmental comfort, recreation), and individual features (educational level, the possibility of professional, family and individual psycho-emotional characteristics), which confirms the hypothesis of socially-hygienic research. On the basis of survey data with the using the method of multivariate analysis - correlation Pleiades by Terentyev, it was created “Sociometric model conditionality of the formation of population health in the Primorsky Territory.”
SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE FOR THE FORMATION OF THE EVIDENTIAL BASE OF HAZARD TO HEALTH IN THE POPULATION IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE OF WASTE FROM THE PAST ECONOMIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Zaitseva N. V. , May Irina V. , Klein S. V. , Khankharev S. S. , Boloshinova A. A.
Published: October 2019

There are described an algorithm and methods for collecting the evidential base for causing hazard to the health of the population of Zakamensk (the Republic of Buryatia) in the zone of influence of the waste of the past activities of the Dzhidinsky tungsten-molybdenum combine. The source of danger is lying sands, containing a complex of toxic heavy metals - lead, cadmium, manganese, nickel, chromium, etc. The algorithm for the formation of the evidential base included: a general analysis of the sanitary and hygienic situation; assessment in the dynamics of the quality of atmospheric air, drinking water, soil, food; assessment of the risk to the health of the population; epidemiological studies; in-depth clinical surveys of a representative group of city residents (280 people). In the blood of the examinees, heavy metals were identified as biological markers of the exposure. There was evaluated a complex of the response (effect) adequate to effects of laboratory markers. By methods of mathematical statistics there was established the presence of reliable relationships in the system “source of hazard - the quality of the environment - exposure to risk factors - health status.” The hazard to the health of a citizen, due to the negative impact of the factor, was considered to be proven if it was possible to build a continuous step-by-step logical chain of relationships between the source of the harmful effect, the quality of the habitat and the establishment of the fact of the disease. The quality of the habitat of the population of Zakamensk was shown to give rise in unacceptable risks to the health of residents. The main influencing factor is the pollution of atmospheric air, local food products and drinking water from public and private wells. Risks are realized in terms of a level of the primary morbidity rate of the population of the respiratory diseases, endocrine system, digestive organs that is relatively high compared to the matched area. The relationship between health hazard and environmental factors has been fully proved in 14% of the surveyed persons. At the same time, the territory was shown not be characterized as a zone of “ecological disaster” or “an emergency environmental situation”.
MORBIDITY WITH TEMPORARY LOSS OF WORK CAPACITY IN WORKING POPULATION: FEDERAL AND REGIONAL INDICES AND TRENDS OVER 2005 - 2014
Authors: Lebedeva-Nesevrya Natalia A. , Kostarev V. G. , Nikiforova N. V. , Tsinker M. Yu.
Published: October 2019

The article presents data on morbidity with temporary loss of work capacity (MTLWC) among working population in the whole of the Russian Federation and federal districts throughout the period from 2005 to 2014. According to official statistics, common number of losses of working days is shown to decline with a rate of about 1.1-1.3% per year mainly due to a reduction in the number of cases of diseases. The Urals and Privolzhsky Federal Districts are characterized by highest rates both of the incidence rate and the number of days of MTLWC. For the example, the Perm Krai (Privolzhsky Federal District) as a region with a typical MTLWC structure was shown to represent greatest losses of working days in the age groups of 25-29 and 50-54 years of workers of both genders. The consistent high incidence rate of injuries, poisoning and other effects of external influences in working men under the age of 24 years is of particular concern. The situation testifies the need to create targeted programs to prevent diseases in young workers, who in subsequent years will form the bulk of the country’s productive forces. At the regional level MTLWC is established to account for an annual loss of about 1.3-1.5% of the gross regional product. The adoption of effective managerial decisions to reduce MTLWC is shown to allow solve not only medical and demographic, but also economic problems in certain regions and the country as a whole.
THE MINIMIZATION OF THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES ON THE HEALTH AND WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN
Authors: Kuchma Vladislav R.
Published: October 2019

The strategic goal of the state policy in the field of information security of children is to ensure the harmonious development of the younger generation, to minimize risks associated with the formation of hyperinformative society. The hygienic safety of the life of children under the use of information technology is a necessary condition for their balanced growth, development and formation of health. Modern information technologies of training provide children easy access to information resources, remoteness, mobility, interactivity, the possibility of the formation of social and educational networks, and educational communities, modeling and animation of various processes and phenomena. The purpose of the study is the substantiation of the system of the sanitary safety of hyperinformation of children’s life activity. The analytical method has allowed justify a system of hygienic and medical-psychological-pedagogical safety of the life of children’s life activity in hyperinformational society. The system includes the criteria of hygienic safety for information and communication technologies (ICT) and their means of support; modern sanitary rules and regulations to ensure hygienic safety for the children of information and communication technologies of training in educational institutions; federal recommendations of care for students in conditions of modern information and communications technology of training and information of children’s life activity; federal guidelines for the preservation of mental and psychological health and well-being of students; recommendations for family in security of children’s life activity in hyperinformational space; recommendations for producers and content distributors of providing medical, psychological and educational safety of children’s life activity; game educational programs on rules of the safe use of the Internet by children; monitoring the effectiveness of hygienic safety and protection of children from negative information. The implementation of hygienic children’s safety system will allow provide the best personal mental and physical development, the preservation of mental and psychological health and well-being of children in hyperinformational society; achieve expected results of the Concept of information security of children approved by the Decree of the Russian Federation dated December 2, 2015 № 2471-r, in terms of creating a new media environment.
RESULTS OF THE MONITORING OF CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS IN CHILDREN IN THE ROSTOV REGION
Authors: Aydinov G. T. , Marchenko Boris I. , Sinelnikova Yu. A.
Published: October 2019

The improvement and unification of information and analytical technology is one of the priorities, the solution of which will improve the effectiveness of the system of socio-hygienic monitoring. Epidemiological characteristics of congenital malformations (rate, structure, dynamics, and territorial distribution) are particularly informative biological indices of medico-demographic problems in areas with the high technogenic load. The main data sources for epidemiological studies of congenital anomalies are currently monitoring registers of congenital malformations. The article presents data on congenital malformations in the Rostov region of the Russian Federation on the results of monitoring for 2006-2016. With the use of the common regional database of personified accounting and statistical reporting forms there were executed both the analysis of the rate, structure, dynamics, medium-term forecasting of congenital malformations and the assessment of the real risk. The average annual index of the rate of congenital malformations of the compulsory registration (form 21) for newborns and children of the first year of life for the period of 2009-2016 is 6.84 per 1,000 births. The largest contribution into the structure of congenital malformations is shown to be made by malformations of musculoskeletal system (20.82 %), genital system (19.62 %) and circulatory system (19.39 %). The positive trend of dynamics of congenital malformations for the last two years of the studied period is revealed. At extrapolation in the medium term it is possible to expect an annual gain of congenital malformations. Birth defects in children are confirmed to be one of the valuable indices of the environmental impact on the health of the population of the Rostov region. Thus, it was determined by peculiarities of formation of congenital malformations in the Rostov region, which are the basis for the development of regional oriented prevention programs.
POSSIBILITIES OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS FOR ASSESSMENT OF PRENOSOLOGICAL CHANGES OF HEALTH
Authors: Bolshakov A. M. , Krutko Vyacheslav N. , Dontsov V. I.
Published: October 2019

Additionally to the assessment of the external environment for the evaluation of the hygienic welfare of the population it is ultimately important to assess the health status, the index of which should be monitored as early as possible. Prenosological changes are the most early and common, they reflect the cumulative impact of adverse effects of the external environment of very different nature and their evaluation on human health is the most important. For a more accurate and standardized assessment of such effects we have developed a number of computer systems, allowing to estimate both physical and mental health and performance, and also biological age of a person. Our programs involve individual records of customer data, both physical and mental activity in everyday life, the degree of stress tolerance, the presence of occupational hazards, exercise, food tastes etc. Design of programs includes standardized windows: data entry, tabular and graphical output of results in comparison with age-related standards, output of the text and conclusion the database with the ability to view them and compare the results of several visits. Database programs have similar form and can be presented in a ExCel format for the statistical treatment. Overall, we have developed a computer system for the assessment of physical and mental health, working capability and biological age, that is a powerful tool for the accurate and standardized evaluation of the external adverse environmental influences on the health and general well-being, provides ways to an early preclinical diagnosis and environmental well-being and can be widely used in sanitary and hygienic monitoring of the health status of the population.
CRITERIA FOR HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF AMBIENT AIR CONCENTRATIONS OF INDUSTRIAL AEROSOLS WITH A HIGH CONTENT OF AMORPHOUS SILICON DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Solovyeva S. N. , Sutunkova M. P. , Katsnelson Boris A.
Published: October 2019

The authors consider critically some inconsistencies of applying the officially established standards for inorganic dust permissible concentrations in ambient air to amorphous silica nanoparticles-containing industrial aerosols and, relying upon their previously published experimental results, propose a feasible temporary solution to this problem for the purposes of hygienic monitoring.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF TOXIC EFFECTS’ OF METALLIC NANOPARTICLES AT IRON AND NONFERROUS INDUSTRIES AND RISK ASSESSMENT FOR WORKERS` HEALTH
Authors: Sutunkova Marina P.
Published: October 2019

The paper summarizes main results of our toxicological “in vivo“ experiments on white rats exposed to either a) a single intratracheal instillation of silver, gold, iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide, zinc oxide and lead oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in stable water suspensions without any chemical additives, b) repeated intraperitoneal injections the same NPs, c) low-level long-term inhalation exposure to the iron oxide nano-aerosol. We found these NPs to be much more noxious on both cellular and systemic levels as compared with their one micrometer or even submicron counterparts. The retention and distribution of metal and metal oxide NPs in the body are controlled by both physiological and physicochemical processes, depended on both cytotoxicity and solubility in biological milieus (inherent in different NPs to varying degrees). The relative contributions of these processes to the toxicokinetics are various for different NPs, and specifically for iron oxide particles of an average diameter not exceeding 20 nm, which were studied in the chronic inhalation experiment, the role of the dissolution predominates. Our data were first to testify to the high activity of the macrophagic and neutrophillic pulmonary phagocytosis of NPs deposited in airways. This fact suggests safe levels of exposure to airborne nanoparticles to be possible in principle but should be much lower if compared with established ones for respective micrometric industrial dust.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK BASED ON SPECIAL EVALUATION OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORKPLACE INSPECTION
Authors: Rosly Oleg F. , Fedoruk A. A. , Drugova O. G. , Plotko E. G. , Boyarsky A. P.
Published: October 2019

A comparative analysis of occupational health risk based on special evaluation of working conditions (SEWC), workplace inspection as well as medical and biological criteria (realized risk) showed occupational hazards to be underestimated during special evaluation of working conditions and the predicted risk (estimated using the SEWC technique) fail to correspond to the realized occupational risk. As a rule, the realized risk due to the exposure to chemicals, predominantly fibrogenic aerosols, the noise was higher than the risk predicted by using the Size-exclusion chromatography (SEWC) technique. Both the distorted reality of working conditions, inadequate real occupational risk assessment leads to the incomplete information for occupational disease identification, establishment of the causality for health conditions, as well lower quality and efficiency of measures aimed at the improvement of working conditions and preservation of employees’ health.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EMOTIONAL STATE OF STUDENTS FROM DIFFERENT FACULTIES AT THE SAME UNIVERSITY
Authors: Ingel F. I. , Krivtsova E. K. , Yurchenko Valentina V. , Sinitsyna E. R. , Makarova A. S.
Published: October 2019

The publication represents the first fragment of the large comparative study, directed to the investigation of factors which negatively influenced to the state of health and emotional sphere of students from Chemical Faculty (CF, 102 persons) and economic (EF, 68 persons) faculties of the same university. For this goal, the genetical, psychological and sociological investigation was included into the study. The block of standard psychological scales, detecting levels of expression of social adoption, alarm, overfatigue and interpersonal relations as well as the subjective welfare scale, are used for anonymous psychological testing. For the analysis of the conduct of life, state of health and influence of socioeconomic factors the special card-interview is created. For the levels of genomic instability evaluation, the micronuclear test on the buccal epithelium cells is used. We found out that students from CF had 3 times more level of stress expression than students from EF. We detected the two significant factors, negatively influenced to emotional sphere: the student’s relation to their future profession and the duration of the contact with chemical compounds during laboratory studies. In the latter case, in addition to correlation with category “faculty”, the dependence on time of duration (hours/week) of laboratory work is revealed. The influence of material prosperity and indicators of a conduct of life on the state of health and the emotional sphere of students aren’t revealed. As the relation to the future profession is proved as an essential factor of students’ quality of life and health, it is represented to be correct to reveal the true relation to the future profession during admission examinations by means of special psychological tests. Such approach can not only become base of a new technology of health protection during the training in higher schools, but also to increase the number of students who after release will work on the chosen specialty will allow increase.
Influence of barley variety and growing locality on the profile of flavonoid polyphenols in malt
Authors: Mikyška Alexandr , Dušek Martin , Čejka Pavel
Published: October 2019

Some polyphenol substances are important for beer production as well as for the health benefits of beer consumption. Hop polyphenols have been relatively well researched in the last decade, less attention has been paid to malt. Our study was aimed to determine the influence of the barley variety and growing locality on the profile of proanthocyanidins (PAC), monomeric flavanols, flavonols and their glycosides in malt. Laboratory malts from three barley cultivars grown in seven countries of the European Union were analyzed by the developed LC-HR / MS method with sample preparation by the QuEChERS technique. Dimers of (epi)catechin (37.0%) and dimers (epi)catechin – (epi) gallocatechin (36.4%) dominate the PAC profile of malt, monomer content being low. Flavanols (epi)catechin and (epi)catechin-O-glucoside have been identified and quantified in malts. The flavonols were quercetin and myricetin, their glycosides were not detected. The results suggest varietal dependence of the PAC, monomeric flavanols and flavonols profile and the lesser impact of the growing locality.