bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Machine Learning to Classify Music Genre
Authors: Nihalaani Rachaell
Published: October 2021

Abstract: As Plato once rightfully said, ‘Music gives a soul to the universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination and life to everything.’ Music has always been an important art form, and more so in today’s science-driven world. Music genre classification paves the way for other applications such as music recommender models. Several approaches could be used to classify music genres. In this literature, we aimed to build a machine learning model to classify the genre of an input audio file using 8 machine learning algorithms and determine which algorithm is the best suitable for genre classification. We have obtained an accuracy of 91% using the XGBoost algorithm. Keywords: Machine Learning, Music Genre Classification, Decision Trees, K Nearest Neighbours, Logistic regression, Naïve Bayes, Neural Networks, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, XGBoost
Co-benefits associated with public support for climate-friendly COVID-19 recovery policies and political activism
Authors: Thaker Jagadish , Floyd Brian
Published: October 2021

Scientists highlight that actions that address environmental protection and climate change can also help with reducing infectious disease threats. Results using data from a national sample survey in New Zealand indicate that perceptions of co-benefits of actions to address environmental protection that also protect against infectious disease outbreaks such as the coronavirus is associated with policy support and political engagement. This association was partly mediated through perceived collective efficacy. Local councils with higher level of community collective efficacy were more likely to declare climate emergency. Communication about potential co-benefits is likely to shape public engagement and enact policy change.
Prácticas de seguridad de la información en tiempos de pandemia. Caso Universidad del Valle, sede Tuluá
Authors:   Universidad del Valle, Tuluá, Colombia, Estrada-Esponda Royer David , Unás-Gómez José Luis ,   Universidad del Valle, Tuluá, Colombia, Flórez-Rincón Oleskyenio Enrique ,   Policía Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D. C. Colombia
Published: October 2021

La pandemia generada por el COVID-19 implicó estrategias de confinamiento masivo como respuesta pública de emergencia en el marco de derecho de policía para combatir el nivel de contagios. Adicionalmente, dicha situación coyuntural implicó cambiar las distintas formas de interacción social (virtual) en torno a temas como la educación, la atención en salud y el empleo. De manera directamente proporcional, la delincuencia aprovechó la situación virtual para intensificar delitos electrónicos como el phishing, las fake news y en general actividades como inyección de malware. El propósito de la investigación fue identificar las prácticas de seguridad de la información en una comunidad universitaria por medio de una encuesta, bajo un enfoque de investigación mixto que consideró entre otras variables la pandemia como precursora de nuevos hábitos de higiene digital. Entre los resultados más representativos se destaca que tanto los profesores como estudiantes tienen un aceptable conocimiento sobre seguridad de la información, pese a no recibir capacitación significativa por entidades gubernamentales. Finalmente, se concluye que los esfuerzos institucionales para combatir ese tipo de delitos no han sido suficientes y por tanto se está en mora de generar estrategias de sensibilización para promover una mejor higiene digital.
La Evaluación Psicológica Reconstructiva (EPR) 129 en la investigación criminal de homicidios
Authors:   Policía de Investigaciones de Chile, Santiago, Chile, Ceballos-Espinoza Francisco
Published: October 2021

Junto al alza cuantitativa de homicidios durante los últimos años, históricamente se han registrado casos cuya investigación criminal resulta particularmente compleja. De ahí que exista una constante demanda de nuevas metodologías que permitan efectivizar los resultados del trabajo de los equipos policiales investigativos. En este escenario, la Evaluación Psicológica Reconstructiva (EPR) surge como la posibilidad de realizar una evaluación psicológica indirecta y retrospectiva, en ausencia del sujeto (víctima/victimario), orientada a explicar la posible relación entre las características psíquicas y el acto criminal. En el presente artículo se indaga sobre los aportes de la EPR dentro de la investigación criminal de homicidios; en particular, se revisan los hallazgos –reportados en la literatura científica–, que resultan de utilidad para una adecuada interpretación de la evidencia recopilada a partir de este método indirecto de evaluación. Se concluye que la EPR constituye un elemento de gran utilidad dentro de la investigación criminal de alta complejidad; además, señala la necesidad de superar las actuales barreras metodológicas, para la interpretación de la evidencia, mediante el apoyo de esta en sistemas computacionales dentro de este proceso analítico.
Estudio del modelo de capas de IoT para enlaces descendentes en plataforma de interconexión de la red Sifgox
Authors:   Universidad de Pamplona, Cúcuta, Colombia, Herrera Rubio Jorge Enrique , Sánchez Mojica Karla Yohana ,   Fundación de Estudios Superiores Comfanorte FESC, Cúcuta, Colombia, López Jaramillo Edwin Arley ,   Universidad de Pamplona, Cúcuta, Colombia
Published: October 2021

El propósito de la investigación se basó en el análisis del funcionamiento del modelo de capas de la estructura de internet de las cosas de la red Sigfox con el fin de observar el comportamiento de la transmisión de datos. Se determinó, a través del enfoque cuantitativo, el estudio de la plataforma de hardware con un prototipo de pruebas para medir el rendimiento y alcance de un enlace de radio, para la cobertura de una celda inalámbrica. Mediante la toma de muestras se capturan las variables físicas con un dispositivo móvil para luego procesarlas y observar cómo es la conexión con la base de datos hacia el servidor web en tiempo real. En el análisis en campo se comprobó el funcionamiento del enlace descendente y el proceso de comunicación del middleware como intermediador en la plataforma de interconexión, se observaron los niveles de potencia y relación señal a ruido del enlace de prueba. Con base en el modelo de capas se facilitó la comprensión de la funcionalidad de los protocolos de comunicación para mantener el acceso a la heterogeneidad de la red y la interoperabilidad de los servicios y aplicaciones. Con este tipo de tecnologías de banda ultra estrecha es posible una baja tasa de errores por la alta resistencia al ruido.
[ inciso ]
Authors: Ensayo Visual Colectivo de autores -
Published: October 2021

La sección [INCISO] sólo tiene numeración interna y no es indexada. Recoge manifestaciones artísticas de la región de Valparaíso, Chile, expuestas en el formato de la revista Panambí, tales como fotografías, dibujos, manifiestos, escritos experimentales, partituras o expresiones similares. Una de estas imágenes se incluye en la portada de la revista, distribuyéndose las demás a lo largo de las páginas interiores, en diálogo con las demás contribuciones. La publicación en [INCISO] se realiza por invitación expresa de los editores. No obstante, los interesados pueden escribirnos para eventualmente publicar sus trabajos. Para ello, se requiere únicamente indicar nombre, afiliación institucional, organizacional u ocupación del autor y correo electrónico. Se entiende que la contribución es objeto de una construcción artística desde su comienzo.En Panambí n. 9, hemos compartido el espacio; así son varios los invitados; un [ COLECTIVO ] de ilustradores que trabajaron en torno a la contingencia nacional y dos autores que desarrollaron un [ ENSAYO VISUAL ] fundamentalmente sobre la habitabilidad en Valparaíso.
Collection and evaluation of genetic diversity in Dinanath grass (Pennisetum pedicellatum Trin.) for forage yield and leaf blight resistance
Authors:   Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi-284 003, India, Singh T. , Dheeravathu S.N. ,   Plant Physiology, Seed Technology Division, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi-284 003, India, Dikshit N. ,   Plant Genetic Resources, Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi-284 003, India, Manjunatha N. ,   Plant Pathology, Seed Technology Division, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi-284 003, India, Sahay G. ,   Genetics and Cytogenetics, Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi-284 003, India
Published: October 2021

Aim: Dinanath grass is a drought tolerant multipurpose species with high potential for quality fodder in tropical regions. In India, it is distributed in eastern and southern parts. The gap in collection and exploitation of genetic diversity exists in Dinanath grass. Therefore, genetic diversity of Dinanath grass was collected and evaluated for utilization in genetic improvement of Pennisetum species for future fodder security. Methodology: A total 28 accessions of Dinanath grass were collected from western and southern regions of Karnataka. Collected accessions were grown under rainfed conditions and evaluated for six qualitative and ten quantitative traits and response to leaf blight reaction. The evaluated accessions were analyzed by using different univariate and multivariate statistical tools. Results: Dinanath accessions were categorized as per qualitative traits. Quantitative traits exhibited low (7.43%) to high (62.88%) coefficient of variation. Dry matter yield showed positive association with plant height, leaf area and tillers per plant. Cluster analysis classified Dinanath accessions into four distinct groups. The first five principal components explained >85% of the total variation. Three accessions viz., IG-15-26, IG-15-30, IG-15-4 were identified as resistant against leaf blight disease; and donor accessions for agronomic traits were selected. Interpretation: The indigenous Dinanath grass collection from Western Karnataka has ample diversity with reference to qualitative and biomass contributing traits; and resistance against leaf bight disease. The information generated on collected germplasm will assist the researchers in designing the Pennisetum genetic improvement programme.
Soil microbial dynamics and enzyme activities as influenced by biofertilizers and split application of vermicompost in rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum aestivum. L.)
Authors:   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, 313 001, India, Aechra S. , Meena R.H. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, 313 001, India, Meena S.C. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, 313 001, India, Mundra S.L. ,   Department of Agronomy, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, 313 001, India, Lakhawat S.S. ,   Department of Horticulture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, 313 001, India, Mordia A. ,   Department of Statistics, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, 313 001, India, Jat G. ,   Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur, 313 001, India
Published: October 2021

Aim: A field experiment was conducted during rabi season to determine the effect of biofertilizers and split application of vermicompost on biological properties (microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, microbial populations and enzyme activities) in rhizosphere of wheat. Methodology: The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications consisting of twenty treatment combinations. Soil samples were collected from the plots at 0-15 cm depth after harvest of wheat crop and soil biological properties analyzed using standard analytical procedure. Results: The experiment results indicated that among biofertilizers treatments, seed inoculation with Azotobacter + PSB + KMB + ZnSB (B5) resulted in a significant higher soil microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, population of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, dehydrogenase activity and acid phosphatase enzyme activity in comparison to control. Similarly, application of vermicompost as 50 % VC at sowing + 50 % VC at tillering (V3) were obtained improved microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, microbial population, dehydrogenase activity and acid phosphatase enzyme activity while remaining at par with 75 % VC at sowing + 25 % VC at tillering (V4) proved superior in comparison to rest of the treatments due to continuous supply of nutrients throughout the crop cycle. Grain and straw yield of wheat also increased due to the application of biofertilizers and vermicompost over the control. Interpretation: Biofertilizers (Azotobacter, PSB, KMB and ZnSB) and split application of vermicompost enhanced the soil microbial population and enzymatic activities which sustained the soil health for better wheat production.
Effect of raised bed, mulching and fertigation on productivity and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) under high density planting system
Authors:   Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow - 226 101, India., Srivastava K.K. , Barman P. ,   Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow - 226 101, India., Patil P. ,   All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Fruits, ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru - 560 089, India., Kumar D. ,   Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow - 226 101, India., Sharma N.K. ,   Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow - 226 101, India.
Published: October 2021

Aim: Increasing the input use efficiency by planting of guava on raised bed, mulched with black polythene sheet along with fertilizer application through drip and foliar spray of micro-nutrients (zinc and boron). Methodology: Experiment was carried out during 2015-2019 for mrig bahar crop in Lalit guava planted at 3 × 3 m spacing in ICAR-CISH, Lucknow with 5 different treatments (T1 = Raised bed +drip irrigation @ 80% PE + fertigation @ 75% RDF + mulching with 100µ black polythene + micro-nutrient spray in July and August @ 0.2% each of zinc sulphate and boric acid, T2 = Raised bed + drip irrigation + fertigation + mulching, T3 = Raised bed + drip irrigation + fertigation + micronutrient sprays, T4 = Raised bed + drip irrigation +micro-nutrient sprays + soil application of RDF @ 50:25:50 g N:P:K, T5 / control = Flat bed + soil application of RDF + basin irrigation). Results: Canopy volume, trunk-cross sectional area and yield were significantly increased in T1, which could be attributed to better microclimate in root zone, resulting in improved growth and yield. Interpretation: The findings of this research have generated the technique of improving space, water and nutrient use efficiency under high density planting system of guava cv. Lalit in subtropical climate which will help the guava growers for sustaining quality production.
Diffusion Study of Cream Formula of Lyophilized Ethanol Extract of Moringa oleifera L. Leaves
Authors: Sapra Amriani , Mus Suwahyuni , Dwirandy Dwirandy , Malluka Rifka , Khairi Nur
Published: October 2021

Background: Moringa oleifera L. leaves have analgesic activity due to their flavonoids content. These polar antioxidants compounds usually have difficulty to diffuse through the skin. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diffusion parameters of cream contains the lyophilized of M. oleifera leaves ethanol extract. Material and Methods: The lyophilized of M.oleifera leaves ethanol extract (5%) formulated as an o/w cream with 2% of cetyl alcohol as a stiffening agent. The physical characteristics of the cream were determined for organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and type of emulsion parameters. The diffusion parameters were determined with Franz cell diffusion using the skin's snake as a membrane with 0; 10; 30; 60 and 90 minutes sampling time. Results: Physical characteristics of the cream showed that o/w as the cream type with pH, viscosity, and spreadability value were 4.72±0.03; 14.000±225 cps; and 5.7±0.20 cm, respectively. The diffusion parameter showed total flavonoids penetrate through the membrane was 360.134±0.20 µg/cm2 with flux 239,875 µg/cm2hr. Conclusions: This study showed a cream formulation that fulfills the required physical characteristics standard and can deliver active compounds to penetrate through the membrane.
¿Por qué la responsabilidad social universitaria en el proceso formativo de los estudiantes?
Authors: M E González
Published: October 2021

La responsabilidad social, tiene un fuerte impacto en la construcción de los valores de una

organización, y las personas que la integra; le sirve como difusión de sus valores, para posicionarse en el

medio y también obtener un redito económico. Pero no es de esto lo que se quiere expresar ahora… es el

valor de la responsabilidad en el ámbito universitario… en la educación superior, como una estrategia en

la formación integral de los profesionales, no solo completando o formando la ciencia propia de la

disciplina que el estudiante transita, sino agregándole un plus, del contacto con la realidad concreta y

palpable, aprendiendo a trabajar conjuntamente universidad y estamentos públicos o privados donde el

alumno, futuro profesional comenzará a realizar sus prácticas, con conciencia de servicio, a los que lo

necesitan.
Litter mixing effect on decomposition rate and nutrient release: low quality leaves of coastal species
Authors: Wei Lili
Published: October 2021

Coastal wetlands are among the most carbon-rich ecosystems in the world.
Litter decomposition is a major process controlling soil carbon input.
Litter mixing has shown a non-additive effect on the litter
decomposition of terrestrial plants particularly of those species having
contrasting litter quality. But the non-additive effect has been rarely
tested in coastal plants which generally having low-quality litters. We
selected three common mangrove species and one saltmarsh species,
co-occurring in subtropical coasts, to test whether the non-additive
effect occurs when the litters of these coastal species mixing together.
We are also concerned whether the changes in the decomposition rate of
litter will affect the nutrient contents in waters. A litter-bag
experiment was carried out in a glasshouse with single and mixed leaf
litters. A non-additive effect was observed in the litter mixtures of
mangrove species Aegiceras corniculatum vs. Kandelia obovata
(antagonistic) and A. corniculatum vs. Avicennia marina (synergistic).
Whereas, the mixture of A. corniculatum (mangrove species) and Spartina
alterniflora (saltmarsh species) showed an additive effect. The strength
of the non-additive effect was unrelated to the initial trait
dissimilarity of litters. Instead, the decomposition rate and mass
remaining of litter mixtures were strongly related to the carbon
concentrations in litters. Nutrient content in waters was dependent on
the decomposition rate of litter mixtures but not on the initial
nutrient concentrations in litters. Despite the behind mechanisms were
not yet revealed by the current study, these findings have improved our
understanding of the litter decomposition of coastal species and the
consequent nutrient release.
Spatiotemporal evolution of vegetative net primary productivity and its influencing factors in China's Yellow River Basin
Authors: Li Jiangsu , Cao Hongmei , Li Weihua , Shi Xiaoluan , han yeqing , Wang Xiaorui , Dong Guanpeng
Published: October 2021

Ecosystem vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) is a prominent
concern. Exploration vegetative net primary productivity (NPP) serve as
an important aspect of assessing and protecting ecosystem health. We
used a range of spatial analysis techniques, residual trend analysis,
and the cutting-edge computing-intensive variable importance
decomposition method to explore spatiotemporal changes and influencing
factors for vegetative NPP in the YRB from 2000–2015. The results found
that NPP showed a fluctuating growth trend over time, ranging from
165.9–227.7 gC∙m-2∙a-1, as well as a clear negative south-north spatial
gradient. Significant spatial agglomeration pattern was observed, with
Low-Low and High-High clusters being the dominated area classifications
at both scales of grid cells, counties and cities in the study area.
Foremost, we found that NPP was statistically significantly affected by
both natural factors, including climate and topography, and human
activities, whilst precipitation accounts for the most important factor,
explaining roughly 42% of the variability in NPP on average. Although
the impact of human activities on NPP was relatively low, human
activities tended to promote NPP on average, mainly due to the
implementation of the ecological restoration project in the region, such
as the Forest Protection and Grain for Green Project. Overall, this
study provides an improved technical framework for a comprehensive
analysis of spatiotemporal pattern of vegetative NPP and its influencing
factors at multiple-spatial scales.
Interventions to improve adherence in children with asthma: A systematic review
Authors: Pearce Christina , Chan Amy , Jackson Tracy , Fleming Louise , Foot Holly , Bush Andrew , Horne Robert
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Non-adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in children
with asthma leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Few
interventions to improve adherence have been effective and little is
known about what contributes to intervention effectiveness. This
systematic review summarises the efficacy of these interventions and the
characteristics of effective interventions to inform future studies
aiming to improve adherence to ICS in children with asthma. Methods:
PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO, Medline, Web of Science, and International
Pharmaceutical Abstracts were systematically searched on the 3rd of
October 2020 for randomised control trials measuring adherence to ICS in
children with asthma. A narrative synthesis was conducted focusing on
intervention efficacy and study reliability. Intervention content was
coded based on the NICE guidelines for medicines adherence (The
Perceptions and Practicalities Approach, PAPA) and Behaviour Change
Techniques (BCT), to determine the effective aspects of the
intervention. Results: Of 240 studies identified, 25 were eligible for
inclusion. Thirteen of the twenty-five studies were categorised as being
highly reliable. Nine of the thirteen studies were effective at
increasing adherence and six of those met the criteria for a PAPA
intervention. Conclusion: Adherence interventions in children with
asthma have mixed effectiveness. Effective studies tended to be of
higher quality, were tailored to individuals perceptual and practical
adherence barriers, and used multiple BCTs. However, due to the small
number of included studies and varying study design quality, conclusions
drawn here are preliminary. Future research is needed to test a
PAPA-based intervention with a rigorous study design as outlined in this
review
Empagliflozin Treatment Is Associated With Improvements in Cardiac Energetics and Function and Reductions in Myocardial Cellular Volume in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Thirunavukarasu Sharmaine , Jex Nicholas , Chowdhary Amrit , Hassan Imtiaz Ul , Straw Sam , Craven Thomas P. , Gorecka Miroslawa , Broadbent David , Swoboda Peter , Witte Klaus K. , Cubbon Richard M. , Xue Hui , Kellman Peter , Greenwood John P. , Plein Sven , Levelt Eylem
Published: October 2021

Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events and hospitalization for heart failure (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Using CV MRI (CMR) and 31P-MRS in a longitudinal cohort study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the selective SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin on myocardial energetics and cellular volume, function, and perfusion. Eighteen patients with T2D underwent CMR and 31P-MRS scans before and after 12 weeks’ empagliflozin treatment. Plasma N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were measured. Ten volunteers with normal glycemic control underwent an identical scan protocol at a single visit. Empagliflozin treatment was associated with significant improvements in phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio (1.52 to 1.76, P = 0.009). This was accompanied by a 7% absolute increase in the mean left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.001), 3% absolute increase in the mean global longitudinal strain (P = 0.01), 8 mL/m2 absolute reduction in the mean myocardial cell volume (P = 0.04), and 61% relative reduction in the mean NT-proBNP (P = 0.05) from baseline measurements. No significant change in myocardial blood flow or diastolic strain was detected. Empagliflozin thus ameliorates the “cardiac energy-deficient” state, regresses adverse myocardial cellular remodeling, and improves cardiac function, offering therapeutic opportunities to prevent or modulate HF in T2D.
Poor In Utero Growth, and Reduced β-Cell Compensation and High Fasting Glucose From Childhood, Are Harbingers of Glucose Intolerance in Young Indians
Authors: Yajnik Chittaranjan S. , Bandopadhyay Souvik , Bhalerao Aboli , Bhat Dattatray S. , Phatak Sanat B. , Wagh Rucha H. , Yajnik Pallavi C. , Pandit Anand , Bhave Sheila , Coyaji Kurus , Kumaran Kalyanaraman , Osmond Clive , Fall Caroline H.D.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

India is a double world capital of early-life undernutrition and type 2 diabetes. We aimed to characterize life course growth and metabolic trajectories in those developing glucose intolerance as young adults in the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study (PMNS).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

PMNS is a community-based intergenerational birth cohort established in 1993, with serial information on parents and children through pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence. We compared normal glucose-tolerant and glucose-intolerant participants for serial growth, estimates of insulin sensitivity and secretion (HOMA and dynamic indices), and β-cell compensation accounting for prevailing insulin sensitivity.

RESULTS

At 18 years (N = 619), 37% of men and 20% of women were glucose intolerant (prediabetes n = 184; diabetes n = 1) despite 48% being underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2). Glucose-intolerant participants had higher fasting glucose from childhood. Mothers of glucose-intolerant participants had higher glycemia in pregnancy. Glucose-intolerant participants were shorter at birth. Insulin sensitivity decreased with age in all participants, and those with glucose intolerance had consistently lower compensatory insulin secretion from childhood. Participants in the highest quintile of fasting glucose at 6 and 12 years had 2.5- and 4.0-fold higher risks, respectively, of 18-year glucose intolerance; this finding was replicated in two other cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS

Inadequate compensatory insulin secretory response to decreasing insulin sensitivity in early life is the major pathophysiology underlying glucose intolerance in thin rural Indians. Smaller birth size, maternal pregnancy hyperglycemia, and higher glycemia from childhood herald future glucose intolerance, mandating a strategy for diabetes prevention from early life, preferably intergenerationally.
Poor In Utero Growth and Reduced β-Cell Compensation and High Fasting Glucose from Childhood Are Harbingers of Glucose Intolerance in Young Indians
Authors: Yajnik Chittaranjan S , Bandopadhyay Souvik , Bhalerao Aboli , Bhat Dattatray S , Phatak Sanat B , Wagh Rucha H , Yajnik Pallavi C , Pandit Anand , Bhave Sheila , Coyaji Kurus , Kumaran Kalyanaraman , Osmond Clive , Fall Caroline HD
Published: October 2021

Objective

India is a
double world capital for early life undernutrition and type 2 diabetes. We
aimed to characterise lifecourse growth and metabolic trajectories in those
developing glucose intolerance as young adults, in the Pune Maternal Nutrition
Study (PMNS).

Research
design and Methods

PMNS is a
community-based intergenerational birth cohort established in 1993, with serial
information on parents and children through pregnancy, childhood and
adolescence. We compared normal glucose tolerant and glucose intolerant
participants for serial growth, estimates of insulin sensitivity and secretion (HOMA
and dynamic indices) and beta cell compensation accounting for prevailing
insulin sensitivity.

Results

At 18 years
(N=619) 37% men and 20% women were glucose intolerant (184 prediabetes, 1 diabetes)
despite 48% being underweight (BMI<18.5 kg/m2). Glucose
intolerant participants had higher fasting glucose from childhood. Mothers of
glucose intolerant participants had higher glycemia in pregnancy. Glucose
intolerant participants were shorter at birth. Insulin sensitivity decreased with
age in all participants, and the glucose intolerant had consistently lower compensatory
insulin secretion from childhood. Participants in the highest quintile of
fasting glucose at 6 and 12 years had a 2.5- and 4.0-fold higher risk respectively
of 18-year glucose intolerance; this finding was replicated in two other
cohorts.

Conclusion

Inadequate compensatory
insulin secretory response to decreasing insulin sensitivity from early life is
the major pathophysiology underlying glucose intolerance in thin rural Indians.
Smaller birth size, maternal pregnancy hyperglycemia, and higher glycemia in
childhood herald future glucose intolerance, mandating a strategy for diabetes prevention from early life, preferably
intergenerationally.
Kawasaki Disease and General Anesthesia for Dental Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Sarah , Guthrie David B. , Epstein Ralph H.
Published: October 2021

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of childhood and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. Failure to quickly diagnose and treat patients with KD can result in severe cardiac sequelae, especially coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs). Patients with a prior diagnosis of KD who require general anesthesia (GA) may present unique challenges depending on the severity of any cardiovascular sequelae. This case report describes the perioperative management of a 5-year-old male patient previously diagnosed with incomplete KD approximately 1 year before presenting to Stony Brook University Hospital for full mouth dental rehabilitation under GA. Most uniquely, the patient was at high risk for coronary artery thrombosis due to a giant CAA of his right coronary artery and a small CAA of his left anterior descending artery. The discussion also includes the implications of dental treatment under GA for patients with a history of KD.
Hemodynamic Impact of Drug Interactions With Epinephrine and Antipsychotics Under General Anesthesia With Propofol
Authors: Shionoya Yoshiki , Nakamura Eishi , Tsujimoto Gentaro , Koyata Takayuki , Yasuda Asako , Nakamura Kiminari , Sunada Katsuhisa
Published: October 2021

Objective:

Antipsychotic drugs exhibit α-1 adrenergic receptor-blocking activity. When epinephrine and antipsychotic drugs are administered in combination, β-2 adrenergic effects are thought to predominate and induce hypotension. This study aimed to assess hemodynamic parameters in patients regularly taking antipsychotics who were administered epinephrine-containing lidocaine under general anesthesia in a dental setting.

Methods:

Thirty patients taking typical and/or atypical antipsychotics and scheduled for dental procedures under general anesthesia were enrolled. Five minutes after tracheal intubation, baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), and percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) measurements were taken. The SBP, DBP, HR, and SpO2 measurements were repeated 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 minutes after the injection of 1.8 mL of 2% lidocaine (36 mg) with 1:80,000 epinephrine (22.5 mcg) via buccal infiltration.

Results:

Differences between the baseline measurements and those of each time point were analyzed using Dunnett test, and no statistically significant changes were observed.

Conclusions:

Our findings demonstrate that the use of epinephrine at a clinically relevant dose of 22.5 mcg for dental treatment under general anesthesia is unlikely to affect the hemodynamic parameters of patients taking antipsychotic medications.
Anesthetic Management of a Rett Syndrome Patient at High Risk for Respiratory Complications
Authors: Kamekura Nobuhito , Hojo Takayuki , Nitta Yukie , Hase Yuri , Fujisawa Toshiaki
Published: October 2021

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare genetic disorder that can present challenges in airway management during general anesthesia. This is a case report involving a 23-year-old woman with RTT who received an intubated general anesthetic 3 times for dental treatment. The patient also had severe scoliosis, was bedridden, and had dysphagia. These contributing factors likely led to the development of postoperative respiratory complications including pneumonia after the first case. As a result, several changes were incorporated into the 2 subsequent anesthetic plans in efforts to reduce the risk of such complications. Despite these measures, the patient was suspected of having bronchitis postoperatively after the second anesthetic, although the third occurred uneventfully. Anesthetic management alterations included use of desflurane for anesthetic maintenance and postoperatively delaying oral intake and instituting active postural changes.
Anesthetic Management of a Patient With Ring 18 Syndrome
Authors: Maekawa Midori , Yasuda Makoto , Sasaki Haruka , Tachinami Yasuharu , Mizuta Kentaro
Published: October 2021

Ring 18 syndrome or ring chromosome 18 is an extremely rare genetic disorder involving the fusion of the 18th chromosomal ends to form a ring, often with genetic material loss of varying degrees. Although clinical presentation can be extremely variable, characteristic features usually include craniofacial malformations, delayed development, hypotonia, and other skeletal and congenital heart defects. We report the management of a 20-year-old male with ring chromosome 18 who underwent general anesthesia for dental treatment. Clinical manifestations for this patient included intellectual disability, short stature, hypertelorism, flat nasal bridge, micrognathia, a “carp-shaped” mouth, and aortic and pulmonary valve regurgitation. Although mask ventilation and oral intubation were easily performed, nasal intubation was difficult because of rhinostenosis. When providing general anesthesia for a patient with ring chromosome 18, anesthesiologists should evaluate the patient preoperatively for congenital heart defects and prepare for a potential difficult airway.
Digital Marketing Strategy to Increase Brand Awareness and Customer Purchase Intention (Case Study: Ailesh Green Consulting)
Authors: Putri Dwiana Rahmadiati
Published: October 2021

Ailesh Green Consulting is an environmental consulting service with the target is a company that produces waste, especially companies that are included in the gold criteria in PROPER. The main problem is having low brand awareness and the low of customer purchase intention from target customers to use their services. The research methodology uses qualitative research. This research aims to help raise brand awareness and customer purchase intention of their potential customers. The data was collected using an interview system with 10 respondents who had a background in the environmental field, working for companies that are under gold criteria in PROPER. Based on the result, respondents' brand awareness is low, as well as the customer purchase intentions. It was found the digital media recommended to use for the company by the respondents is display advertising, LinkedIn social media, search engines, and websites. Based on the results, Ailesh Green Consulting is able to optimize Search Engine Optimization (SEO) supported by an attractive website optimizer and content marketing website, create and optimize the use of LinkedIn social media, and use of LinkedIn ads.
Characteristics of the Deep Carious Lesions of Primary and Permanent Molars Using IOPA Radiographs
Authors: Nagarathna C. , Rahul C. , Umapathy T.
Published: October 2021

Aim: To determine the site and pattern of deep carious lesion & its consequences on coronal and radicular structures radiographically in primary molars & first permanent molars using IOPA radiographs.

Materials and methods: It consisted of 200 IOPA of Deep carious of Maxillary & mandibular of primary (n=100) and permanent molars(n=100) X-rays are collected. IOPA radiographs of Deep carious lesion involving only dentin with radiolucency reaching the inner 1/3 of dentin, clinically cavitated that is RC5 Of the ICMMS criteria were taken. Blinded Radiographic evaluation was done by two persons to rule out inter examiner variability.

Results: In primary molars IOPA there was statistically significant difference in Carious adjacent tooth whereas in permanent molars IOPA there was statistical difference in Diffused pattern and lost tooth structures. When compared primary and permanent molars diffused pattern and lost tooth structure showed statistically significant difference.

Conclusion: The deep carious lesions definitely lead to loss of crown structure over a period of time and also capable of spread of caries to adjacent teeth due to food impaction & inadequate oral hygiene. Hence leading to loss of function and arch length.
IOT based Smart Healthcare Wheelchair for Independent Elderly
Authors: Kanade Prakash , Prasad Jai Prakash , Kanade Sunay
Published: October 2021

Notwithstanding adding to the presentation of imaginative innovations and arising business openings in numerous business sectors, improvements in innovation have since brought down labor force requests and working expenses. Likewise, the nature of administrations offered has been upgraded. In this way, as a key empowering innovation for a wide assortment of medical care applications, particularly for the older and handicapped, the Internet of Things (IoT) has as of late acquired extraordinary footing. While IoT-based advancements have started to help the old and incapacitated in numerous parts of their lives and occupations, and IoT helps support the nature of living for the old and crippled, the volume of IoT information produced has risen essentially and surpassed assumptions. An expected option for following their wellbeing status is to make a brilliant wheelchair-based wellbeing checking framework, since it is satisfactory for a more extensive assortment of watchers and, in contrast to wearable gadgets, doesn't need a great deal of support. Shrewd wheelchairs center on the versatility of the unit, yet in addition on observing the patient's prosperity. The point of the current work is to fabricate a shrewd detecting wheelchair through the establishment of sensors inside its structures. The innovation grasped is the Internet of Things, where sensors screen the heartbeat and blood oxygen levels, measure them through implanted frameworks, and move them to the cloud to initiate a trigger in case of any anomaly. The made trigger can be as a SMS or email.
Treated with Hymen Sparing Surgery in Familial Imperforate Hymen
Authors: Kaplanoglu M.
Published: October 2021

Imperforate hymen is a rare congenital female genital tract obstructive pathology. Although It is generally sporadic and isolated, very rare familial occurrence cases have been published in the literature. We present a rare case of the familial occurrence of IH and its surgical treatment. This case was admitted to our clinic with chronic pelvic pain, difficulty urination and pelvic mass. After the gynecologic examination and ultrasound view, the diagnosis of IH was made.  Her sister who two years older than she had been previously evaluated for amenorrhea and her sister had undergone surgical procedures for IH. Because of Hymen is an important symbol of virginity in family culture, hymen sparing surgery was performed. The familial occurrence of IH is a rare condition and very few reported cases in the literature. Hymenectomy can cause social retraction in cases therefore hymen sparing surgery is an important surgery, especially Muslim cultures.
Deskripsi Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi (HOTS) Peserta Didik Menggunakan Model Guided Inquiry Pada Materi Hukum Dasar Kimia
Authors: Mairoza Yeltri , Fitriza Zonalia
Published: October 2021

This study aims to describe the HOTS of students use a guided inquiry model on the basic laws of chemistry. This research is a library research, and the type of library research used is semi-systematic. Sources are secondary data from reputable scientific journals. The documentation method was used in collecting data and data analysis techniques used the Miles and Huberman method. Data analysis activities in the miles and huberman method consist of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Based on the results of the journal review, it is concluded that the guided inquiry model can increase the HOTS of students and can be seen in the exploration, concept formation, application and closing stages of how to use the guided inquiry model in bringing out students HOTS on basic law of chemistry.
Edukimia - Vol. 03, No. 01 (Februari 2021) - Sampul Belakang
Authors: Edukimia Tim Editorial
Published: October 2021

Edukimia - Vol. 03, No. 01 (Februari 2021) - Back Cover (Sampul Belakang)
Tourism Industry Impacts On Spatial Inequality In The Dead Sea Region
Authors: Al Tal Raed , Mukheimer Tala , Theodory Rawan , Zwayyed Zaid , Almehdaw Nadia , Al Abdallat Dina , Saticilef Feli
Published: October 2021

This research examines the impact of the tourism industry on spatial inequality in the Dead Sea region in terms of income, employment and changes in urban forms. The research assumes that this inequality results from the Dead Sea Development Zone (DSDZ) creation and focuses on the local level of urban analysis with the case study of a small Jordanian village Sweimeh, Quantitative data is used in this study for exploring these changes, uncovering persistent and obvious patterns of land use and exhibiting perspectives for the landscape, while satellite images offer extensive advantages over verified maps. The qualitative analysis combines field observations, a structured questionnaire survey with 270 randomly selected households and semi-structured interviews with 30 purposively selected participants. The results of the research showed that the DSDZ creates spatial inequality between the hotel touristic district and the village due to the high level of place-based development differences associated with urban characteristics, such as infrastructure and services provision. The results revealed that there has been a notable increase in population and area of Sweimeh as well as the locals' income. The population doubled from 2054 in 1994 to 4448 in 2019, the area has increased from 0.15 km2 to 4.40 km2, and the share of jobs in the tourism sector and businesses in the village jumped from 10% to 50% in the same period. This study is important since urbanization and spatial management programs received little attention in the DSDZ development agendas. At the academic level, the findings of this research help to establish an assessment tool for testing the socio-economic impact of tourism development on disadvantaged local communities
Ensuring the safety of construction facilities: economic, environmental and managerial components
Authors: Dalbaraev Arian S. , Tsypkin Yury A. , Orlov Stepan V. , Kokorev Alexander S. , Kamaev Roman A.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the directions of ensuring the safety of construction objects in the economic, ecological and managerial context. The authors noted that the lack of safety during construction work is a serious problem in this industry. The implementation of the safety program has always been one of the most successful measures to reduce the number of accidents in construction. However, it should be borne in mind that ensuring safety in construction should be based both on competent management of the construction project implementation and on the corresponding economic component, since labor protection management will be effective only if its system is based on coordinated actions of specialists in this field and is supported by appropriate financial costs aimed at financing measures to reduce the impact of negative factors affecting the process of ensuring labor safety on the construction site.
Distinctive determinants of financial indebtedness: evidence from Slovak and Czech enterprises
Authors: Valaskova Katarina , Kliestik Tomas , Gajdosikova Dominika
Published: October 2021

Research background: Indebtedness indicators are used to monitor the structure of corporate financial resources. The company's share of its own and foreign resources affects the financial stability of the company. A high share of own re-sources makes the company stable, and independent. With a low share, on the contrary, the company is unstable, market fluctuations and credit uncertainty can have serious consequences. However, foreign capital is cheaper, and too high indebtedness ratios can jeopardize the existence of enterprises.

Purpose of the article: In general, the economic recession worsens the capital structure of enterprises, especially their debt management. Thus, the paper aims to apply the set of 13 indebtedness ratios to a sample of 779 Slovak and Czech enterprises from the construction sector to determine key microeconomic determinants that may influence the level of indebtedness.

Methods: A non-parametric one-way analysis of variance ? the Kruskal-Wallis test ? was used to determine whether the set of indebtedness ratios is the same across countries, districts, and sizes. For analyzing the specific sample pair of stochastic dominance, the pairwise comparison was realized using the Dunn'stest with Bonferonni correction. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the differences in the set of indebtedness ratios between two independent groups of enterprises, based on their legal form and country.

Findings & value added: The level of total indebtedness ratio and the self-financing ratio depends on the region as well as on the size of the enterprise and the legal form. In the case of credit indebtedness and debt-to-cash-flow indebted-ness, their dependence on the size of the enterprise and the legal form is obvious. The importance of the region and the legal form of enterprises, vice versa, affect the level of the financial independence ratio. These outputs are relevant for au-thorities, policy makers, or financial institutions to identify financial constraints that construction enterprises face and, as a result, make a long-term contribution to theory in this field.