bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interactive Effects of Melatonin and Salicylic Acid on Brassica Napus Under Drought Condition
Authors: Rafique Noman , Ilyas Noshin , Aqeel Muhammad , Raja Naveed Iqbal , Shabbir Ghulam
Published: February 2022

Aims
Understanding the interactive actions of melatonin and salicylic acid in counteracting the negative effects of drought is imperative for increasing growth and yield of canola. Here we discuss the interactive effects of exogenously applied melatonin (MET) and salicylic acid (SA) on morphology, physiology, and biochemical characteristics of drought stressed canola plants.
Methods
Two cultivars of canola (Super canola and Faisal canola) were used. MET (0.1µM) and SA (0.50mM) were applied in two ways, i.e., as seed priming and as foliar spray. Plants were exposed to severe drought stress of 45% field capacity at reproductive stage.
Results
Subjecting canola cultivars to drought caused significant reduction in shoot length (19%), plant fresh (15%) and dry (17%) biomass, yield (30%), photosynthetic attributes (43%), meanwhile enhanced free amino acids (20%), total soluble sugars (5%), and different antioxidant enzymes like catalase (27%), peroxidase (23%) and superoxide dismutase (20%) Seed priming, and foliar application of MET and SA resulted in significant increase in growth parameters and yield attributes of both canola cultivars via improving photosynthetic attributes and activity of compatible solutes and antioxidant enzyme systems. Priming of seeds with MET as well as MET priming combined with SA foliar spray were the most effective treatments of all, showing 22% increase in plant height, 46% in fresh and 40% in dry biomass and yield components (49%) of canola cultivars at either drought stress or normal irrigation.
Conclusions
The combined application of MET and SA has the potential to enhance canola plants growth under drought.
A Multi-Analytical Study of the Palette of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Puerto Rican Artists
Authors: Vermeulen Marc , Miranda Annette S. Ortiz , Tamburini Diego , Rivera Sol , Walton Marc
Published: February 2022

This paper presents the pigment characterization in six impressionist and post-impressionist paintings by three leading Puerto Rican artists: Francisco Oller (1833 – 1917), José Cuchí y Arnau (1857-1925), and Ramón Frade (1875-1954). The paintings, belonging to the Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico (San Juan, Puerto Rico), were investigated through a combination of non- and micro-invasive scientific techniques. The non-invasive application of macro-X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS) to the characterization of Puerto Rican artists’ palette is presented for the first time. The non-invasive approach was integrated with spectroscopic techniques such as Raman and/or Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, as well as high pressure liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS), when sampling was possible. While this technical investigation reveals pigments that are typical for late 19th/early 20th century paintings, it also emphasizes some unexpected findings, including the use of cobalt green and synthetic yellow lakes, which enabled the date attributed to some of the paintings to be refined to post 1910 rather than their current dates of ca. 1890. This study confirms that the Puerto Rican artist’s palettes are very similar to their European contemporaries, underscoring both their European training and their attempt to adapt these methods of painting to a new Caribbean identity emerging from the Spanish American War.
Zinc (II) complex of (Z)-4-((4-nitrophenyl) amino) pent-3-en-2-one, a potential antimicrobial agent: Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical, antimicrobial, DFT and docking studies
Authors: Wahab Olaide Olalekan , Waziri Ibrahim , Oselusi  , Egieyeh S. A. , Mala G. A. , Nasir H.
Published: February 2022

Herein, the syntheses, characterizations, antimicrobial activities, density functional theory (DFT) predictions, and molecular docking (MD) studies are reported on (Z)-4-((4-nitrophenyl) amino) pent-3-en-2-one (HL) and its Zn (II) complex. The deployed characterization techniques include elemental analysis, solubility and conductivity measurements, TGA, electrochemical studies, FTIR, UV-Vis, 1H and 13C{H}NMR, HRMS, and PXRD. Antimicrobial activity was studied using some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. DFT predictions were achieved using B3LYP, WB97XD and M06-2X functionals with 6-31+G(d,p) and LANL2DZ basis sets for nonmetallic and metallic atoms, respectively. The therapeutic potentials of the compounds were evaluated based on protein binding energy, ADME/T and drug-likeness properties. The experimental results revealed the formation of a complex in which two molecules of the ligand are coordinated to the zinc ion in a tetrahedral arrangement that involve the carbonyl and amino portions of the ligand. Both the ligand and the complex displayed a cyclic voltammetric behavior that is indicative of an irreversible one-electron transfer and redox diffusion-controlled process. The results of the antimicrobial study showed that the complex possesses higher antimicrobial potency than the free ligand. The B3LYP emerged as the best performing functional because it yielded the best IR spectra and geometrical parameters relative to the experimental data. The DFT predictions revealed that the complex is more reactive than the ligand, and its formation is thermodynamically feasible and exothermic. However, both the ligand and the complex showed comparable polarity. The MD results revealed the relative binding affinities of the compounds as well as their binding modes, which are in good correlation with the in-vitro data. Finally, drug-likeness studies showed that the studied compounds are promising therapeutic candidates.
A Series of Coordination Polymers Constructed by 2-Phenylsuccinic Acid and Flexible Bis(imidazole) Ligands: Syntheses, Structures, and Photoluminescent Properties
Authors: YEŞİLEL Okan Zafer , Güler Umut , Çiftçi Esengül , Arıcı Mürsel
Published: February 2022

Eight coordination polymers (CPs), namely, [Co(m-phsuc)(m-obix)]n (1), {[Co2(m-phsuc)2(m-pbix)1.5]×2H2O}n (2), [Zn(m-phsuc)(m-obix)]n (3), {[Zn(m-phsuc)(m-mbix)]×H2O}n (4), {[Zn(m-phsuc)(m-pbix)]×H2O}n (5), {[Zn(m-phsuc)(m-pbix)]×1.5H2O×CH3OH}n (6), [Cd(m-phsuc)(m-obix)]n (7) and [Cd(m3-phsuc)(m-pbix)0.5]n (8) (phsucH2 = 2-phenylsuccinic acid, obix = 1,2-bis((imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene, mbix = 1,3-bis((imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene, pbix = 1,4-bis((imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzene), were solvothermally synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, X-ray single-crystal diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction (PXRD), and thermal analyses. The structural analyses revealed that the compounds were 2D coordination polymers, in which metal ions were in tetrahedral coordination geometries in 1-6 and in octahedral coordination geometries in 2, 7 and 8. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 displayed a 4-connected 2D wave sheets with the point symbol of {44.62}. Compound 2 was rare example exhibiting a 2D polyrotaxane structure. Compound 6 showed a 2D two-fold interpenetrating 3-connected hcb net with the point symbol of {63}. In the compounds, the neighboring 2D layers were further assembled by p×××p stacking and weak C–H×××p interactions into the 3D supramolecular framework. The effects of the bis(imidazole) linkers and metals ions on the framework assemblies have been discussed. In addition, thermal and photoluminescent properties of the compounds were investigated.
Determination of reference genes as a quantitative standard for gene expression analysis in mouse mesangial cells stimulated with TGF-β
Authors: Bronel Bruno Aristides dos Santos , Anauate Ana Carolina , Maquigussa Edgar , Boim Mirian Aparecida , Novaes Antônio Silva
Published: February 2022

Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard technique for gene expression analysis, but the choice of quantitative reference genes (housekeeping genes, HKG) remains challenging. Identification of the best HKG is essential for estimating the expression level of target genes. The aim of this study was to identify the best HKG for an in vitro model with mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) stimulated with 5 ng/mL of TGF-β. Candidate five HKG were selected: Actb, Hprt, Gapdh, 18S and Ppia. After quantitative expression, the best combination of these genes was analyzed in silico using six software programs. To validate the results, the best genes were used to normalize the gene expression of fibronectin, vimentin and α-SMA. In silico analysis revealed that Ppia, Gapdh and 18S were the most stable genes between the groups. GenEX software and Spearman's correlation determined that combination of Ppia and Gapdh is the best HKG pair. Validation of the HKG by normalizing fibronectin, vimentin and α-SMA were consistent with results from the literature. This study established the combination of Ppia and Gapdh as the best HKG pair for gene expression analysis by RT-PCR in this in vitro model using MMCs treated with TGF-β.
Helical milling for making holes on carbon fiber reinforced polymer
Authors: Su Chunjie , Cheng Xiang , Yan Xinhua , Zheng Guangming , Li Yang , Mu Zonggao
Published: February 2022

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is widely used in various fields due to its excellent properties. However, machining defects such as delamination and burr are still the key issues constraining high-quality hole making on CFRP. This research takes the helical milling process to make holes on CFRP and two kinds of cutting conditions (dry cutting and jet cold air assisted cutting) are explored. Tool wear, cutting force, delamination and surface morphology are taken as the main indices to be analyzed. The influences of key cutting parameters (spindle speed n, axial feed per tooth fza and pitch ap) on cutting force and delamination are investigated and optimized. It turns out that the jet cold air condition is more suitable for helical milling of holes on CFRP with better qualities. The holes with smaller delamination factor and smoother surface are successfully fabricated based on the optimized cutting parameters.
Designing Grazing Susceptibility to Land Degradation Index (GSLDI) in Hilly Areas
Authors: MINEA Gabriel , CIOBOTARU Nicu , IOANA-TOROIMAC Gabriela , MITITELU-IONUȘ Oana , NECULAU Gianina , GYASI-AGYEI Yeboah , COMINO Jesús RODRIGO
Published: February 2022

Evaluation of grazing impact on land degradation processes is a difficult task due to heterogeneity and complex interacting factors involved. In this research, we designed a new methodology based on a predictive index of GSLDI (Grazing Susceptibility to Land Degradation Index) built on artificial intelligence to assess land degradation susceptibility in areas affected by small ruminants (SRs) of sheep and goats grazing impacts. The data for model training, validation, and testing consisted of sampling points (erosion and no-erosion) taken from aerial imagery. Seventeen environmental factors (e.g., DEM derivatives, small ruminants’ stock), and 55 subsequent attributes (e.g., classes/features) were assigned to each sampling point. The impact of SRs stock density over the land degradation process has been evaluated and estimated with two extreme SRs’ density scenarios: missing (0), and double density (overstocking). We applied the GSLDI methodology on the Curvature Subcarpathians, a region that experiences the highest erosion rates in Romania, and found that SRs grazing is not the major contributor to land degradation, accounting for only 4.6%. This methodology could be replicated in other steep slopes grazing areas as a tool to assess and predict areas susceptible to land degradation, and to establish common strategies for good land-use practices.
COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake, Unmet Need and Reported Side Effect in Nigeria: an Online Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Eniade Olanrewaju Davies , Okedare Omowumi , Olarinmoye Abayomi T. , Olasunkanmi Yusuff , Otovwe Agofure ,   Funke Akintunde5, Aniyeloye Adebukola
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to wreak havoc in Nigeria, with more cases and deaths reported every day. However, vaccine development and uptake are believed to aid the fight against this outbreak. We investigated vaccine uptake, unmet need for vaccine, and reported side effects among the populace. An online cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 adults from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria using the online data collection tool, Kobo-toolbox. We obtained information on socio-demographic characteristics, vaccine uptake, unmet need, and related side effects of COVID-19 vaccine. Descriptive analysis, binary logistic regression were done using Stata MP 16. The mean age of the respondents was 32.1 ± 10.7 years. About half (49.9%) were aged below 30 years of age. The majority were females (63.1%), Christians (89.2%), and urban dwellers (74.6%). Majority (89.2%) of respondents know that vaccines are beneficial to health, and 41.2% have received the COVD-19 vaccine. Unmet need for COVID-19 vaccine was 74.3% and herd immunity was estimated as 93.1%. Respondents working in the private sector (AOR=0.32, 95% CI=0.11-0.90), and who said COVID-19 vaccine is not beneficial to health (AOR=0.04, 95% CI=0.01-0.29) were less likely to receive COVID-19 vaccine, while those who have tested for COVID-19 (AOR=3.93, 95%CI=1.98-7.84) have a higher likelihood of receiving COVID-19 vaccine. Continuous awareness for COVID-19 vaccine is needed. Government needs to persistently assure citizens of the safety and efficacy of the vaccines. Also, this study recommends that the administration of a highly effective vaccine would result in achievable herd immunity and curb the transmission of COVID-19 virus.
Effectiveness of adjunctive low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder refractory to medical treatment: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jahanbakhsh Ghazal , Hajseyedjavadi Alireza , Majidi Mahnaz
Published: February 2022

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common mental illness.The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved repetitive transcranial magneticstimulation (rMS) to treat OCD in 2018. So far, various approaches have beenevaluated. We evaluated the effect of adjunctive low-frequency rMS over the leftdorsolateral prefrontal cortex in patients with OCD refractory to treatment. Methods: The present clinical trial was done on 30 patients with OCD referring fromthe psychiatry clinic, 22 Bahman Hospital, Qazvin province, between 2018 and 2020and patients were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received rTMStreatment at 1 Hz for 20 min (1200 pulses/day) over the left DLPFC area as adjunctiveto the medical treatment three times a week and for five weeks, whereas those in thecontrol group were subjected to only the sham condition plus their medical treatment.The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (y-BOC.S) was completed by patientsbefore the study, following sessions 5 and 10 during the intervention, at the end of theintervention, and three to six months after the intervention under the direct supervisionof a psychiatrist. SPSS software version 26 was used to compare the results betweenthe two groups. Results: The intervention group showed significantly lower mean Y-BOCS scores afterthe intervention and at follow-up (P <0.05) and all patients of the intervention groupshowed significantly lower Y-BOCS scores than their own baseline scores (P <0.05). Also, using antipsychotic agents along with the serotonergic agents caused significantly lower scores in the intervention group at the end of the intervention (P <0.05). All the patients were found with higher follow-up scores than their scores at the end of the intervention; however, this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Adjunctive low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS over the left DLPFC is able toeffectively reduce Y-BOCS score in OCD patients refractory to treatment following 15sessions, and the reduction was durable even after three to six months. Usingantipsychotic agents as an adjuvant with serotonergic agents was identified as apossible predictor for response to adjunctive rTMS therapy.
Universe: the dynamics of the minimum and maximum expansion states (Time: the collateral dimension)
Authors: Petrakis Sócrates Georges
Published: February 2022

Two hypotheses stand out in describing the evolution of the Universe. The predominant one predicts that the present expansion began at a certain instant and will not preserve any variation of energy that performs work; apparent flat Universe (Ω = 1) is advocated by relativistic calculations and observational data, with an end at its maximum expansion (3D Space). The other hypothesis considers that the Universe is cyclical, always alternating phases of expansion and contraction. This proposal aims to demonstrate that both hypotheses can be correct by not being distinct, but complementary. Supported by the immutability of physical laws, analyses of concepts define an exclusive presence of 1D Space in static states of minimum and maximum expansion of the Universe. With our 3D Space Universe created and existing between these extreme states, the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric, becomes inadequate for this analysis; therefore, the concept of absolute rest energy (1D Space) is applied, demonstrating that the complete evolution of the Universe is spatially dynamic in a perpetual time dimension, always recreating our Universe, and making possible a relative maintenance of any existence.
Association of early-onset constipation and diarrhea with patient outcomes in critically ill ventilated patients: a retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Aikawa Gen , Ouchi Akira , Sakuramoto Hideaki , Hoshino Tetsuya , Enomoto Yuki , Shimojo Nobutake , Inoue Yoshiaki
Published: February 2022

Background: Constipation and diarrhea are closely related, but few studies have examined them simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to describe patient defecation status after ICU admission and determine the association of constipation and diarrhea in the early stage of ICU admission with outcomes for critically ill ventilated patients.Methods: Patients ventilated for ≥48 hours in an ICU were retrospectively investigated and their defecation status was assessed during the first week after admission. The patients were divided into three groups: normal defecation, constipation, and diarrhea, and multiple comparison tests were performed. Additionally, multivariable analysis was performed for mortality and length of stay.Results: Of the 85 critically ill ventilated patients, 47 (55%) experienced constipation, and 12 (14%) experienced diarrhea during the first week of ICU admission. Patients with normal defecation and diarrhea increased from the fourth and fifth day of ICU admission. Diarrhea was significantly associated with the length of ICU stay (B=7.534, 95% confidence interval: 0.116-14.951).Conclusions: Early-onset constipation and diarrhea were common in critically ill ventilated patients, and early-onset diarrhea was associated with the length of ICU stay. Thus, prevention of constipation and diarrhea before the fifth day of ICU admission is essential.
PRObiotics and SYNbiotics to improve gut health and growth in infants in western Kenya (PROSYNK Trial): Study protocol for a 4-arm, open-label, randomised, controlled trial.
Authors: Otiti Mary Iwaret , Kariuki Simon , Wang Duolao , Hall Lindsay J. , Kuile Feiko O. Ter , Allen Stephen
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMalnutrition amongst under-fives remains common in resource-poor countries and is resistant to current interventions. New opportunities have emerged to target “environmental enteric dysfunction” (EED) that refers to the abnormal gut structure and function that results from colonisation of the gut with pathogenic microbes and compromises nutrition and growth in early life. Although the gut microbiome may provide a defence against ingested gut pathogens through colonisation resistance, its development is adversely affected by multiple environmental factors. Dietary supplements of pro- or synbiotics may build the resilience of the gut microbiome against these environmental factors and boost colonisation resistance. We aim to assess whether dietary supplementation of newborns in rural Kenya with pro/synbiotics prevents or ameliorates EED and improves growth.MethodsSix hundred newborns less than four days old will be recruited from Homa Bay County Teaching and Referral Hospital, western Kenya. Newborns will be randomly allocated, stratified by HIV exposure, in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to one of 4 study arms to receive either of two synbiotics, a probiotic or no supplement. Supplements will be given daily for ten days and then weekly until six months of age. Participants will be followed until the age of two years. The primary outcome is systemic inflammation at six months assessed by plasma alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. Secondary outcomes include biomarkers of gut health and growth, anthropometric indices, morbidity and mortality.DiscussionAs dietary supplements with pro- or synbiotics may improve gut health and can be administered in early life, our findings may inform the package of interventions to prevent malnutrition and improve growth in Africa and similar low-resource settings.Trial registrationPan African Clinical Trials Registry, Trial number: PACTR202003893276712. Date: 02/03/2020 https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=9798
LSTM ALGORITHM ANALYSIS OF BANKING SECTOR STOCK PRICE PREDICTIONS
Authors:   Research Scholar, Industrial EngineeringDepartement, UniversitasMuhammadiyah Jakarta., a Mutmainah , Marfuah Umi ,   Research Scholar, Industrial EngineeringDepartement, UniversitasMuhammadiyah Jakarta., Nopianti Rina ,   Research Scholar, Accounting Department, Bina Bangsa University., Tri Panudju Andreas ,   Research Scholar, Industrial Engineering Departement, Bina Bangsa University.
Published: February 2022

Investing, buying or selling on the stock exchange demands data analytical expertise and skill. Because the stock market is so dynamic, it takes data modelling to predict stock prices accurately. Machine learning can currently process and forecast data with high accuracy. We proposed using the Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) algorithm to model data to anticipate market prices. This study's primary goal is to assess the machine learning algorithm's accuracy in forecasting stock price data and the optimal model construction epochs. The RMSE value of the LSTM method and the data model obtained the variation of the epochs value.
ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME IN A YOUNG FEMALE: A RARE OCCURRENCE WITH CABERGOLINE
Authors: Ruhela Manish , Kumar Ola Rakesh , Bagarhatta Rajeev
Published: February 2022

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare but increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome. Here, we describe SCAD in a 25-year-old female on long-term cabergoline therapy with no other cardiac risk factors. Cabergoline-induced SCAD should be considered in patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome who are treated with this medication.
PHYSICAL HEALTH HAZARDS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TOBACCO SMOKING: A REVIEW UNDER THE VISION OF MODERN SCIENCE AND TRADITIONAL UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Authors:   Assistant Professor, M.D (Unani-Preventive & Community Medicine), B.U.M.S, P.G.D.E.M.S, Department of Ilaj-bit-Tadbeer (Regimenal Therapy), Inamdar Unani Medical College and Hospital, Kalaburagi (Gulbarga), Karnataka. Recognized by National Commission for Indian System of Medicine (NCISM), New Delhi. Affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), Bangalore, Karnataka., Ameen Furquan , Imtiyazi N. ,   Assistant Professor, M.D (Unani-Preventive & Community Medicine), B.U.M.S, P.G.D.E.M.S, Department of Tahaffuzi-wa-Samaji Tib (Preventive and Community Medicine), Inamdar Unani Medical College and Hospital, Kalaburagi (Gulbarga), Karnataka. Recognized by National Commission for Indian System of Medicine (NCISM), New Delhi. Affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), Bangalore, Karnataka.
Published: February 2022

Use of tobacco and health problems due to its smoking is a major topic of concern in todays world. Tobacco use causes serious cardio-respiratory diseases which result in low life expectancy. It is found that increased mortality due to lung cancer is associated with cigarette smoking in every country. Smoking leads to cancers, pulmonary diseases, cardiac diseases and stroke. Tobacco smoking causes psychological dependence due to the nicotine present in the tobacco. This addictive behavior is due to the addictive character of nicotine and some other factors like social, personal, economic and political influences. According to Unani System of Medicine, consumption of tobacco is harmful for cardiac and mental health. Use of tobacco causes different types of respiratory disorders it increases the production of phlegm (Balgham) in trachea, bronchus and lungs. The literature available in Unani Medicine regarding tobacco also indicates that it causes physical and mental illness such as cough, palpitation, pulmonary tuberculosis, constipation, impotence, impairment of vision, vertigo/giddiness, amnesia and insomnia etc.
TRAUMATIC TRUE ANEURYSM OF SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors:   Consultant Neurosurgeon, Neuro Cardio & Multispecialty Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal., Karki Mohan , Roka Y.B. ,   Senior Consultant Neurosurgeon, Neuro Cardio & Multispecialty Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal.
Published: February 2022

True Superficial temporal artery aneurysm is commonly painful or painless and pulsating mass. It is rarely results from blunt traumatic injury to the side of head. Only small number of these cases has been reported in the previous literature. We describe diagnosis and management of a 34 year old male who had history of physical assault hit by bottle (glass), resulted in developing a true large aneurysm of left superficial temporal artery (STA). Simple selective ligation and excision of STA aneurysm was performed. Patient has been discharged without any post operative complication.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE COVID 19 SEVERITY AND ORAL HEALTH STATUS: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Resident Department of Public Health Dentistry TMU Dental College Moradabad., Khazir Mahbooba , Abdullah Sabzar ,   Asisstant professor Department of prosthodontics ZA Dental College, AMU, Aligarh., Nasar Areeba ,   Resident Department of Public Health Dentistry TMU Dental College Moradabad., Rajput Geeta ,   Professor Department of prosthodontics ZA Dental College, AMU, Aligarh., Agrawal Neha ,   Professor Department of prosthodontics ZA Dental College, AMU, Aligarh.
Published: February 2022

Introduction. There are en number of respiratory pathogens in our oral cavity that makes this site for the cause of various infections. Various studies have been conducted in which the relation between oral hygiene and inflammatory conditions were investigated .Moreover Covid 19 is also related with the inflammatory response keeping that thing in mind we conducted this study to find out the relationship between covid 19 severity and oral health status. Methods. A cross sectional study was conducted in 304 patients confirmed by real time PCR .In this study the questionnaire consisting of two parts one for covid 19 severity and other for oral health status was used. Results. In this study it wasfound that there is an inverse correlation between the oral health status and covid 19 severity with (p <0.001, r = -0.512). Conclusion. In this study there was a significant relation between poor oral hygiene and severity of the covid 19.But more research is required to find out this relationship.
Trends in Carbon Dioxide Capture and Conversion
Authors: Chagas José , Marciniak Aryane , Mota Claudio
Published: February 2022

Carbon dioxide capture and conversion is gaining increased attention due to climate change issues. The direct air capture of CO2 may be accomplished with functionalized adsorbents that can work at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The captured CO2 may be converted into fuels and chemicals. CO2 can be hydrogenated to methanol, which is a commodity used in the fuel and chemical sectors, over Cu.ZnO-based catalysts. Improvements to catalyst formulation are still needed to operate at lower temperatures. Dimethyl ether can be directly produced from CO2 and H2 through the use of bifunctional catalysts. Organic carbonates appear as promising compounds of wide use in the chemical sector. Cyclic carbonates may be produced from CO2 and epoxides with the use of Lewis acids catalyst. Zeolites impregnated with metal halides appear to be a promising system to achieve high conversion and selectivity. Aliphatic organic carbonates can be produced from CO2 and alcohols, but the reaction presents thermodynamic limitations. The role of oxygen vacancies on CeO2-based catalysts and use of dehydrating agents in the production of dimethyl carbonate will be discussed in this account. The challenges and future perspectives for the direct air CO2 capture and conversion into fuels and chemicals will be addressed.
Peran Konsentrasi Kepemilikan: Respon Investor, Penghindaran Pajak, Manajemen Laba
Authors:   Universitas Tarumanagara, Jl. Letjen S. Parman No. 1 Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia, Permatasari Marlina , Melyawati Melyawati ,   Universitas Tarumanagara, Jl. Letjen S. Parman No. 1 Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia, Firmansyah Amrie ,   Polytechnic of State Finance STAN, Jl. Bintaro Utama Sektor V, Bintaro Jaya, Tangerang Selatan, Banten., Trisnawati Estralita ,   Universitas Tarumanagara, Jl. Letjen S. Parman No. 1 Jakarta Barat 11440, IndonesiaUniversitas Tarumanagara, Jl. Letjen S. Parman No. 1 Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh penghindaran pajak dan manajemen laba terhadap nilai perusahaan, serta menguji peran moderasi konsentrasi kepemilikan dalam hubungan tersebut. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan sub sektor konstruksi bangunan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama tahun 2015-2019. Berdasarkan purposive sampling, jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 43 observasi. Pengujian hipotesis yang dilakukan menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penghindaran pajak tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, sedangkan manajemen laba berpengaruh negatif terhadap nilai perusahaan. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa konsentrasi kepemilikan memperkuat hubungan positif antara penghindaran pajak dan nilai perusahaan. Selanjutnya, konsentrasi kepemilikan memperlemah hubungan negatif antara manajemen laba dan nilai perusahaan.
COVID-19 case prediction via wastewater surveillance in a low-prevalence urban community: a modeling approach
Authors: Zhu Yifan , Oishi Wakana , Maruo Chikako , Bandara Sewwandi , Lin Mu , Saito Mayuko , Kitajima Masaaki , Sano Daisuke
Published: February 2022

Estimating and predicting the epidemic size from wastewater surveillance results remains challenging for the practical implementation of wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). In this study, by employing a highly sensitive detection method, we documented the time series of SARS-CoV-2 RNA occurrence in the wastewater influent from an urban community with a 360,000 population in Japan, from August 2020 to February 2021. The detection frequency of the viral RNA increased during the outbreak events of COVID-19 and the highest viral RNA concentration was recorded at the beginning of January 2021, amid the most serious outbreak event during the study period. We found that: (1) direct back-calculation still suffers from great uncertainty dominated by inconsistent detection and the varying gap between the observed wastewater viral load and the estimated patient viral load, and (2) the detection frequency correlated well with reported cases and the prediction of the latter can be carried out via data-driven modeling methods. Our results indicate that wastewater virus occurrence can contribute to epidemic surveillance in ways more than back-calculation, which may spawn future wastewater surveillance implementations.
Establishment of local wastewater-based surveillance programmes in response to the spread and infection of COVID-19 – case studies from South Africa, the Netherlands, Turkey and England
Authors: Tlhagale M. , Liphadzi S. , Bhagwan J. , Naidoo V. , Jonas K. , van Vuuren L. , Medema G. , Andrews L. , Béen F. , Ferreira M. L. , Saatci A. M. , Alpaslan Kocamemi B. , Hassard F. , Singer A. C. , Bunce J. T. , Grimsley J. M. S. , Brown M. , Jones D. L.
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 340 million infection cases (as of 21 January 2022) and more than 5.57 million deaths globally. In reaction, science, technology and innovation communities across the globe have organised themselves to contribute to national responses to COVID-19 disease. A significant contribution has been from the establishment of wastewater-based epidemiological (WBE) surveillance interventions and programmes for monitoring the spread of COVID-19 in at least 55 countries. Here, we examine and share experiences and lessons learnt in establishing such surveillance programmes. We use case studies to highlight testing methods and logistics considerations associated in scaling the implementing of such programmes in South Africa, the Netherlands, Turkey and England. The four countries were selected to represent different regions of the world and the perspective based on the considerable progress made in establishing and implementing their national WBE programmes. The selected countries also represent different climatic zones, economies, and development stages, which influence the implementation of national programmes of this nature and magnitude. In addition, the four countries' programmes offer good experiences and lessons learnt since they are systematic, and cover extensive areas, disseminate knowledge locally and internationally and partnered with authorities (government). The programmes also strengthened working relations and partnerships between and among local and global organisations. This paper shares these experiences and lessons to encourage others in the water and public health sectors on the benefits and value of WBE in tackling SARS-CoV-2 and related future circumstances.
Breve análise dos fatores culturais nas diferenças entre os provérbios e idiotismos chineses e portugueses relacionados à alimentação
Authors: Wang Peixuan
Published: February 2022

No decorrer da história, tanto Portugal quanto a China integraram a vida quotidiana às línguas, concebendo uma grande quantidade e variedade de provérbios e expressões idiomáticas que se perfilam como o tesouro do idioma. Não obstante algumas convergências, reinam as disparidades quanto à forma de composição, à escolha de temas e à conotação dos simbolismos nestas expressões devido aos fatores culturais tais como as tradições, convenções sociais e religiosas, o que torna essencial a abordagem da dimensão cultural aquando da análisedeste tema. O presente trabalho apresenta diferenças e similaridades representativas em alguns provérbios e expressões chineses e portugueses, tomando como base o tema emblemático da gastronomia e buscando analisar algumas razões cultu-rais subjacentes, Através de uma abordagem contrastiva, o artigo visa dirimir alguns mal-entendidos na comunicação intercultural sino-portuguesa, aumentar a exatidão e a adequação desta comunicação e também ofe-recer algumas inspirações e sugestões aos profissionais de línguas.
Validación de una escala de conciencia sobre ciberdelito en estudiantes universitarios de Perú
Authors: Ramirez-Asis Edwin Hernan , Norabuena-Figueroa Roger Pedro , Toledo-Quiñones Ricardo Enrique , Henostroza Márquez Mázmela Patricia Raquel
Published: February 2022

Este artículo presenta un análisis para clasificar los indicadores de conciencia sobre ciberdelito en los estudiantes de tres universidades de Perú mediante un cuestionario de veinte ítems medidos con la escala Likert, que fue aplicado a un total de 372 estudiantes mediante Google Forms. El análisis factorial exploratorio se aplicó a los datos recopilados, que dieron lugar a cuatro factores denominados: 1) conciencia sobre phishing, 2) conciencia sobre el spamming, 3) eficacia del software antivirus, y 4) bullying en la web. La escala de conciencia sobre el ciberdelito demostró que tiene una consistencia interna adecuada de ,892 del alfa de Cronbach para el instrumento general y las alfas de las subescalas van desde ,782 a ,861. Así, se logra determinar la validez y fiabilidad de la escala propuesta.
A Conceptual Framework to Design Connected Mental Health Solutions in the United Arab Emirates: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Drissi Nidal , Ouhbi Sofia , Amiri Leena , Al Mugaddam Fadwa , Jan Reem K , Isomursu Minna
Published: February 2022

Background

Connected mental health (CMH) is a field presenting information and communications technology–based mental care interventions that could help overcome many mental care delivery barriers. Culture and background influence people’s attitudes, preferences, and acceptance of such solutions. Therefore, the suitability of CMH solutions to the targeted population is an important factor in their successful adoption.

Objective

The aim of this study is to develop a framework for the design and creation of CMH solutions suitable for the UAE context. The framework is based on investigating enablers and barriers of CMH adoption in the United Arab Emirates, from the mental health professional's (MHP) perspective and from related literature.

Methods

A survey of literature on relevant studies addressing the use of technology for mental care in Arab countries, and a web-based questionnaire-based survey with 17 MHPs practicing in the United Arab Emirates investigating their attitudes and views toward CMH was conducted. Results from the questionnaire and from related studies were analyzed to develop the design framework.

Results

On the basis of findings from the literature survey and analyzing MHP answers to the web-based survey, a framework for the design of CMH solutions for the UAE population was developed. The framework presents four types of recommendation categories: favorable criteria, which included blended care, anonymity, and ease of use; cultural factors including availability in multiple languages, mainly Arabic and English, in addition to religious and cultural considerations; technical considerations, including good-quality communication, availability in formats compatible with mobile phones, and providing technical support; and users’ health and data safety considerations, including users’ suitability testing, confidentiality, and ensuring MHP integrity.

Conclusions

CMH has the potential to help overcome many mental care barriers in the United Arab Emirates in particular and in the Arab world in general. CMH adoption in the United Arab Emirates has a potential for success. However, many factors should be taken into account, mainly cultural, religious, and linguistic aspects.
Medication Optimization Among People With Type 2 Diabetes Participating in a Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Driven Virtual Care Program: Prospective Study
Authors: Majithia Amit R , Erani David M , Kusiak Coco M , Layne Jennifer E , Lee Amy Armento , Colangelo Francis R , Romanelli Robert J , Robertson Scott , Brown Shayla M , Dixon Ronald F , Zisser Howard
Published: February 2022

Background

The Onduo virtual care program for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) includes a mobile app, remote lifestyle coaching, connected devices, and telemedicine consultations with endocrinologists for medication management and prescription of real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) devices. In a previously described 4-month prospective study of this program, adults with T2D and baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥8.0% to ≤12.0% experienced a mean HbA1c decrease of 1.6% with no significant increase in hypoglycemia.

Objective

The objective of this analysis was to evaluate medication optimization and management in the 4-month prospective T2D study.

Methods

Study participants received at least 1 telemedicine consultation with an Onduo endocrinologist for diabetes medication management and used RT-CGM intermittently to guide therapy and dosing. Medication changes were analyzed.

Results

Of 55 participants, 48 (87%) had a medication change consisting of a dose change, addition, or discontinuation. Of these, 15 (31%) participants had a net increase in number of diabetes medication classes from baseline. Mean time to first medication change for these participants was 36 days. The percentage of participants taking a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist increased from 25% (12/48) to 56% (n=27), while the percentages of participants taking a sulfonylurea or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor decreased from 56% (n=27) to 33% (n=16) and 17% (n=8) to 6% (n=3), respectively. Prescriptions of other antidiabetic medication classes including insulin did not change significantly.

Conclusions

The Onduo virtual care program can play an important role in providing timely access to guideline-based diabetes management medications and technologies for people with T2D.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03865381; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03865381
Improving Research Patient Data Repositories From a Health Data Industry Viewpoint
Authors: Tang Chunlei , Ma Jing , Zhou Li , Plasek Joseph , He Yuqing , Xiong Yun , Zhu Yangyong , Huang Yajun , Bates David
Published: February 2022

Organizational, administrative, and educational challenges in establishing and sustaining biomedical data science infrastructures lead to the inefficient use of Research Patient Data Repositories (RPDRs). The challenges, including but not limited to deployment, sustainability, cost optimization, collaboration, governance, security, rapid response, reliability, stability, scalability, and convenience, restrict each other and may not be naturally alleviated through traditional hardware upgrades or protocol enhancements. This article attempts to borrow data science thinking and practices in the business realm, which we call the data industry viewpoint, to improve RPDRs.
Participatory Methods for Systems Modeling of Youth Mental Health: Implementation Protocol
Authors: Freebairn Louise , Occhipinti Jo-An , Song Yun Ju C , Skinner Adam , Lawson Kenny , Lee Grace Yeeun , Hockey Samuel J , Huntley Samantha , Hickie Ian B
Published: February 2022

Background

Despite significant investment, mental health issues remain a leading cause of death among young people globally. Sophisticated decision analysis methods are needed to better understand the dynamic and multisector drivers of youth mental health. System modeling can help explore complex issues such as youth mental health and inform strategies to effectively respond to local needs and achieve lasting improvements. The advantages of engaging stakeholders in model development processes have long been recognized; however, the methods for doing so are often not well-described.

Objective

This paper aims to describe the participatory procedures that will be used to support systems modeling for national multisite implementation. The Right Care, First Time, Where You Live research program will focus on regional youth mental health applications of systems modeling in 8 different sites across Australia.

Methods

The participatory model development approach involves an iterative process of engaging with a range of participants, including people with lived experience of mental health issues. Their knowledge of the local systems, pathways, and drivers is combined with the academic literature and data to populate the models and validate their structure. The process centers around 3 workshops where participants interact and actively engage in group model-building activities to define, refine, and validate the systems models. This paper provides a detailed blueprint for the implementation of this process for mental health applications.

Results

The participatory modeling methods described in this paper will be implemented at 2 sites per year from 2022 to 2025. The 8 selected sites have been chosen to capture variations in important factors, including determinants of mental health issues and access to services. Site engagement commenced in August 2021, and the first modeling workshops are scheduled to commence in February 2022.

Conclusions

Mental health system decision makers require tools to help navigate complex environments and leverage interdisciplinary problem-solving. Systems modeling can mobilize data from diverse sources to explore a range of scenarios, including the impact of interventions in different combinations and contexts. Involving stakeholders in the model development process ensures that the model findings are context-relevant and fit-for-purpose to inform decision-making.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/32988
Internet-Delivered Interventions for Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Children and Young People: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Eilert Nora , Wogan Rebecca , Leen Aisling , Richards Derek
Published: February 2022

Background

Mental health difficulties in children and adolescents are highly prevalent; however, only a minority receive adequate mental health care. Internet-delivered interventions offer a promising opportunity to increase access to mental health treatment. Research has demonstrated their effectiveness as a treatment for depression and anxiety in adults. This work provides an up-to-date examination of the available intervention options and their effectiveness for children and young people (CYP).

Objective

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the evidence available for the effectiveness of internet-delivered interventions for treating anxiety and depression in CYP.

Methods

Systematic literature searches were conducted throughout November 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, and EBSCO academic search complete electronic databases to find outcome trials of internet-delivered interventions treating symptoms of anxiety and/or depression in CYP by being either directly delivered to the CYP or delivered via their parents. Studies were eligible for meta-analysis if they were randomized controlled trials. Risk of bias and publication biases were evaluated, and Hedges g between group effect sizes evaluating intervention effects after treatment were calculated. Meta-analyses used random-effects models as per protocol.

Results

A total of 23 studies met the eligibility criteria for the systematic review, of which 16 were included in the meta-analyses, including 977 participants in internet-delivered treatment conditions and 1008 participants in control conditions across 21 comparisons. Random-effects models detected a significant small effect for anxiety symptoms (across 20 comparisons; Hedges g=−0.25, 95% CI −0.38 to −0.12; P<.001) and a small but not significant effect for depression (across 13 comparisons; Hedges g=−0.27, 95% CI −0.55 to 0.01; P=.06) in favor of internet-delivered interventions compared with control groups. Regarding secondary outcomes, there was a small effect of treatment across 9 comparisons for impaired functioning (Hedges g=0.52, 95% CI 0.24-0.80; P<.001), and 5 comparisons of quality of life showed no effect (Hedges g=−0.01, 95% CI −0.23 to 0.21; P=.94).

Conclusions

The results show that the potential of internet-delivered interventions for young people with symptoms of anxiety or depression has not been tapped into to date. This review highlights an opportunity for the development of population-specific interventions and their research to expand our current knowledge and build an empirical base for digital interventions for CYP.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42020220171; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=220171