bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bridging the gap: associations between gut microbiota and psychiatric disorders
Authors: Ahmed Gellan K. , Ramadan Haidi Karam-Allah , Elbeh Khaled , Haridy Nourelhoda A.
Published: January 2024

Background

Gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the gut-brain axis and can influence neurodevelopment and mental health outcomes. This review summarizes the current evidence on the associations between gut microbiota alterations and various psychiatric illnesses.

Main body

The composition of the gut microbiome evolves from birth through old age, and disruptions during critical periods may increase disease risk. Factors like diet, medications, stress, and infections can disturb the gut microenvironment and lead to dysbiosis. Dysbiosis has been linked to conditions like depression, anxiety, autism, ADHD, and schizophrenia. Proposed mechanisms involve microbial regulation of neurotransmitters, inflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier permeability, and the immune system. Therapeutic strategies like probiotics, prebiotics, and faecal transplantation may modulate the gut-brain axis and microbial ecosystem. However, more research is needed to elucidate the causal microbiota-psychiatry relationship. Understanding gut-brain interactions may uncover new possibilities for preventing and managing psychiatric disorders.

Conclusion

A growing body of research points to a close relationship between gut microbiota and mental health. While the field is still emerging, dysbiosis of gut microbial ecosystem has been associated with various neuropsychiatric conditions. The underlying mechanisms likely involve the microbiota-gut-brain axis signalling pathways. Additional research with larger samples is required to establish causal links between specific microbial changes and psychiatric outcomes.
Promoting child health through a comprehensive One Health perspective: a narrative review
Authors: Ghazy Ramy Mohamed , Saidouni Asma , Taha Sarah Hamed N.
Published: January 2024

Children are increasingly exposed to health risks as a result of adverse effects of climate change, including more frequent and intense extreme weather events, disruption of food systems, an increase in food-, water- and vector-borne diseases, mental health issues, clean water scarcity and zoonoses, and habitat destruction causing “zoonotic spillovers”. To address these emerging and new health risks, a holistic approach is required. Understanding how these risk drivers impact the physiological and mental development of children is a highly complex challenge. Addressing this complexity requires the collaborative development of multi-disciplinary and comprehensive approaches. In addition, factors such as inadequate nutrition that leads to stunting, maternal characteristics (including age, height, pregnancy, and postnatal care), hygiene habits at home, gender disparity, and the financial situation of the household also play crucial roles. This review is prompted by the pressing need to tackle the substantial and diverse health impacts that will affect children throughout the current century. Emphasizing the importance of adopting the One Health approach, this review aims to mitigate these effects and pave the way for a healthier future for the younger generation.
Diagnostic approach to adnexal lesions in young females in their second and third decades
Authors: Sobhi Aalaa , Hamed Soha T. , Magdy Hoda , Badr Safia
Published: January 2024

Background

To review the imaging options and features of different ovarian lesions in young females. We also aimed to put a simple approach to reach the appropriate diagnosis.

Patients and methods

A retrospective study of 120 patients were included in their second and third decades. All cases had examined by ultrasound then other preferred imaging modalities were used either CT or MRI to reach the appropriate diagnosis. Further, serological and pathological assessments were done in some cases.

Results

Ovarian pathologies were 89.1% and extra-ovarian adnexal lesions were 10.8%. Non-tumoral ovarian pathologies were the upper hand in both decades, followed by benign tumors in the first decade; however, the overall malignancy was common in the second decade. The ultrasound provided substantial proof of the diagnosis in 34.1% without further need for advanced imaging with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% besides it helped in the discrimination between benignity and malignancy of the ovarian tumors with calculated overall sensitivity and specificity of 93.7 and 88%, respectively. MRI and DWI have raised the sensitivity and specificity up to 95.4% and 96.3% respectively in the setting of ovarian tumor's nature discrimination.

Conclusions

The majority of adnexal lesions were benign in this age group. It was not always possible to distinguish between benign and malignant adnexal tumors using ultrasound only, so adding CT and /or MRI for more characterization of some lesions raises the diagnostic performance of the diagnosis to achieve proper management for saving fertility and crucial when ovarian cancer discovered to help adjuvant therapy and enhance patient outcomes.
Financial technology decision support systems
Authors: Pahsa Alper
Published: January 2024

The financial technology industry was the first and most successful to combine machine learning algorithms based on big data with artificial intelligence techniques. The use of decision support systems (DSSs) procedures will deliver financial products, service channels, service methodologies, and risk management in the quickest and most cost-efficient manners. The deep service value chain’s high-end finance was significantly impacted by the inventive and quick development of smart artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques brought about by all of the decision-making processes. This study presents digital services, including DSS procedures utilized in financial service operations. The fundamentals of DSS approaches, as well as AI and ML, are then demonstrated, and an example application of a campaign management system for tax repayment rescheduling is provided.
Relationship between airway inflammation, small airway dysfunction, and frequency of acute exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Abdelgawad Taha Taha , Eliwa Azza , Fouda Ahmed , Khedr Doaa , Abdelsalam Ramy A. , Mansour Ahmed Elsayed
Published: January 2024

Context

Recurrent exacerbations in COPD patients are associated with accelerated reduction in lung function. Airway inflammation and small airway dysfunction were recognized for a long time as an essential feature of COPD.

Aim

To study the relationship between neutrophilic airway inflammation, small airway dysfunction, and frequency of acute exacerbations in COPD patients.

Settings and design

This was a cross-sectional study.

Patients and methods

Thirty COPD patients were enrolled and classified into two groups: infrequent exacerbators (IFE) “who developed ≤ 1 exacerbation per year” and frequent exacerbators (FE) “who developed ≥ 2 exacerbations per year” in the last year prior to this study. All patients included in the study underwent clinical evaluation, and assessment of small airway dysfunction by pulmonary function testing (MEF 25–75, RV/TLC, and DLCO) and paired inspiratory and expiratory HRCT-chest to measure the mean lung density (MLD) as well as assessment of neutrophilic airway inflammation by taking BAL via bronchoscopy and examined for differential cell count.

Results

The small airway dysfunction is more severe in the case of the FE COPD group as there were statistically significant differences between FE and IFE COPD groups in %MEF 25–75 and RV/TLC (p = 0.038 and p = 0.030, respectively). The mean value of the BAL neutrophil % was higher in FE than in IFE COPD patients but without a significant statistical difference (p = 0.513). There were statistically significant negative correlations between %FEV1 (p = 0.026), %FVC (p = 0.020), and %MEF25–75 (p = 0.005) and MLD(E/I) in all studied COPD patients.

Conclusion

COPD patients associated with small airway dysfunction and increased BAL neutrophil cell count are more prone to frequent exacerbations.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06040931. Registered 18 Sept 2023—Retrospectively registered.
Transport and retention of micro-polystyrene in coarse riverbed sediments: effects of flow velocity, particle and sediment sizes
Authors: Munz Matthias , Loui Constantin , Postler Denise , Pittroff Marco , Oswald Sascha E.
Published: January 2024

Riverbed sediments have recently been found to be an important reservoir for microplastics. But the hydrogeological factors that control the abundance of microplastics are complex and conceptual frameworks priorising the parameters affecting their transport and retention during deep riverbed filtration are still missing. In this study a series of saturated column experiments was conducted to investigate the vertical distribution patterns of secondary polystyrene fragments (100–2000 μm) in dependence on their particle size, grain size of the sediment, seepage velocity and duration of infiltration flow. The columns with a length of 50 cm were operated with flow velocities between 1.8 m d−1 and 27 m d−1. Invasive samples obtained after the experiments were density separated and then depth profiles of microplastic concentrations were retrieved using fluorescence imaging analysis. Most polystyrene particles were retained in the upper 20 cm and 15 cm of the medium gravel and coarse sand sediments, respectively. Through the high particle retention riverbed sediments can act as a temporary sink or long term retention site for the transport of microplastic particles (MPPs) from streams to oceans. A small fraction of particles ranging from 100 to 500 μm in size was observed down to infiltration depths of 50 cm suggesting that MPPs at the pore scale have the potential to be advectively transferred via hyporheic exchange or induced bank filtration into coarse riverbed sediments and alluvial aquifers. MPP abundance over column depth follows an exponential relationship with a filter coefficient that was found to depend significantly on the flow rate, MPP and sediment grain size, as indicated by multiple linear regression (R2 = 0.92). The experimentally derived empirical relation allows to estimate particle abundances of initially negatively buoyant MPP in riverbed sediments by surface water infiltration.
Identification of novel serological agents for porcine deltacoronavirus infection based on the immunogenic accessory protein NS6
Authors: Li Yali , Shi Fangshu , Cao Lingxiang , Zheng Qiankun , Feng Yaoyu , Wang Bin , Huang Yaowei
Published: January 2024

Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a swine enteropathogenic CoV that causes severe vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration in suckling piglets, leading to economic losses in the swine industry. There is a great need for a convenient method to detect circulating antibodies and help in accurate diagnosis and disease control. Previously, we demonstrated that a unique PDCoV accessory protein, NS6, is expressed during PDCoV infection in pigs and is incorporated into PDCoV virions; thus, we deduced that NS6 is likely an immunogenic target that can be used for the diagnosis of PDCoV infection. In this study, we first confirmed that NS6 is immunogenic in PDCoV-infected pigs by performing a serum western blot. Furthermore, we developed a novel NS6-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) method and compared it to an established S1-based iELISA for the survey of anti-PDCoV IgG or IgA in pigs of different ages in China. The NS6-iELISA has high specificity for the detection of IgG antibodies and no cross-reactivity with other porcine enteric CoVs (transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, or swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus). This NS6 serology-based method has great sensitivity and good repeatability, making it a new and cost-saving option for the rapid diagnosis and immunosurveillance of PDCoV, which may also be important for the prevention and control of deltacoronavirus-related infection in pigs and other animals.
Neurosurgery and the World Health Organization Intersectoral Global Action Plan for Epilepsy and Other Neurological Disorders 2022–2031
Authors: Gupta Saksham , Aukrust Camilla G. , Bhebhe Arnold , Winkler Andrea S. , Park Kee B.
Published: January 2024

The World Health Organization's Intersectoral Global Action Plan (IGAP) on Epilepsy and Other Neurological Diseases 2022–2031 is a holistic, interdisciplinary, and intersectoral plan with a strong focus on equity and human rights. The IGAP was unanimously approved by all World Health Organization Member States at the 75th World Health Assembly in May 2022 and provides a framework for researchers and clinicians to study and address national and global inadequacies in the evaluation and management of people suffering from neurological disorders and their prevention. While IGAP has applied epilepsy as an entry point for other neurological disorders, advocacy by neurologists and neurosurgeons has broadened it to include diseases with a large and growing global health footprint such as stroke, hydrocephalus, traumatic brain injury, and brain and spine cancers. The IGAP is important to neurosurgeons globally because it provides the first ever roadmap for comprehensively addressing unmet neurological and neurosurgical care in low- and middle-income countries. Furthermore, it creates an opportunity for neurologists and neurosurgeons to scale up services for neurological diseases in tandem. As such, it provides a structure for the neurosurgery community to become involved in global health initiatives at all levels.
Novel therapeutic targets, including IGFBP3, of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem-cell-conditioned medium in intrauterine adhesion
Authors: Zhu Yuan , Bao Mingjie , Wang Ting , Ai Xiaoyan , Qiu Dewen , Wang Changhua
Published: January 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells play important roles in repairing injured endometrium. However, the molecular targets and potential mechanism of the endometrial recipient cells for stem cell therapy in intrauterine adhesion (IUA) are poorly understood. In this study, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem-cell-conditioned medium (UCMSCs-CM) produced positive effects on a Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) induced IUA cell model. RNA-sequencing was performed on clinical IUA tissues, and the top 40 upregulated and top 20 downregulated mRNAs were selected and verified using high-throughput (HT) qPCR in both tissues and cell models. Based on a bioinformatic analysis of RNA-sequencing and HT-qPCR results, 11 mRNAs were uncovered to be the intervention targets of UCMSCs-CM on IUA endometrium cell models. Among them, IGFBP3 was striking as a key pathogenic gene and a potential diagnostic marker of IUA, which exhibited the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity were 0.924, 93.1% and 80.6%, respectively in 60 endometrial tissues. The silencing of IGFBP3 exerted positive effects on the IUA cell model through partially upregulating MMP1 and KLF2. In conclusion, RNA-sequencing combined with HT qPCR based on clinical tissues and IUA cell models were used in IUA research and our results may provide some scientific ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of IUA.
Spherical harmonics analysis reveals cell shape-fate relationships in zebrafish lateral line neuromasts
Authors: Hewitt Madeleine N. , Cruz Iván A. , Linbo Tor H. , Raible David W.
Published: January 2024

Cell shape is a powerful readout of cell state, fate and function. We describe a custom workflow to perform semi-automated, 3D cell and nucleus segmentation, and spherical harmonics and principal components analysis to distill cell and nuclear shape variation into discrete biologically meaningful parameters. We apply these methods to analyze shape in the neuromast cells of the zebrafish lateral line system, finding that shapes vary with cell location and identity. The distinction between hair cells and support cells accounted for much of the variation, which allowed us to train classifiers to predict cell identity from shape features. Using transgenic markers for support cell subpopulations, we found that subtypes had different shapes from each other. To investigate how loss of a neuromast cell type altered cell shape distributions, we examined atoh1a mutants that lack hair cells. We found that mutant neuromasts lacked the cell shape phenotype associated with hair cells, but did not exhibit a mutant-specific cell shape. Our results demonstrate the utility of using 3D cell shape features to characterize, compare and classify cells in a living developing organism.
Development of an in vitro microfluidic model to study the role of microenvironmental cells in oral cancer metastasis
Authors: Scemama Alice , Lunetto Sophia , Tailor Artysha , Di Cio Stefania , Dibble Matthew , Gautrot Julien , Biddle Adrian
Published: January 2024

Metastasis occurs when cancer cells leave the primary tumour and travel to a secondary site to form a new lesion. The tumour microenvironment (TME) is recognised to greatly influence this process, with for instance the vascular system enabling the dissemination of the cells into other tissues. However, understanding the exact role of these microenvironmental cells during metastasis has proven challenging. Indeed, in vitro models often appear too simplistic, and the study of the interactions between different cell types in a 3D space is limited. On the other hand, even though in vivo models incorporate the TME, observing cells in real-time to understand their exact role is difficult. Horizontal compartmentalised microfluidic models are a promising new platform for metastasis studies. These devices, composed of adjacent microchannels, can incorporate multiple cell types within a 3D space. Furthermore, the transparency and thickness of these models also enables high quality real-time imaging to be performed. This paper demonstrates how these devices can be successfully used for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) metastasis studies, focusing on the role of the vascular system in this process. Conditions for co-culture of OSCC cells and endothelial cells have been determined and staining protocols optimised. Furthermore, several imaging analysis techniques for these models are described, enabling precise segmentation of the different cell types on the images as well as accurate assessment of their phenotype. These methods can be applied to any study aiming to understand the role of microenvironmental cell types in cancer metastatic dissemination, and overcome several challenges encountered with current in vitro and in vivo models. Hence, this new in vitro model capable of recapitulating important aspects of the cellular complexity of human metastatic dissemination can ultimately contribute to replacing animal studies in this field.
Effect of aerobic training versus brain gym exercises to improve global cognition and quality of life in elderly - a randomised clinical trial protocol
Authors: Budhwani Yukta , Patil Dr. Shubhangi
Published: January 2024

Literature implies that the length of life spent in good health continues to be fairly stable, indicating that additional years usually deteriorate health The aftermath for older people and society will be more profound if these extra years are primarily marked by declines in physical and mental competence. The cultures and settings individuals live in, paired with their personality traits have a lasting impact on how they age. Health can be shaped by physical and social environments that influence wellness practices. It is therefore essential to consider environmental and personal strategies as well as those that could aid in recovery, adaptation, and psychosocial development while constructing a public health response to aging.

According to research, over the next three decades, there will be a more than doubling of the global elderly population. There will be 1.25 billion more people over the age of 60 in 2050, and 115.4 million of those people are expected to have dementia. 48 million people worldwide are affected by Alzheimer's disease, which accounts for 60–70% of dementia cases and causes serious societal, financial, and clinical issues. This alarms for a solution for the plethora of problems that arise with advancing age. Giving up a sedentary lifestyle and incorporating physical activity into daily activities has shown some amazing results in not only lowering the risk of developing serious illnesses but also 10 improving quality of life. Numerous studies have been conducted in recent years to determine how aerobic exercise and brain gymnastics can each improve health and life expectancy in the elderly, but relatively fewer researches have been done on how these two activities can work together. Consequently, here we intend to probe how aerobic exercise and brain training can enhance general cognition and overall quality of life.
Camptostemon philippinensis, a new record of endangered mangrove species in the Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Sitepu Bina Swasta , Chasani Abdul Razaq , Mukhlisi Mukhlisi , Atmoko Tri , Adman Burhanuddin , Prihatini Istiana
Published: January 2024

Background Camptostemon philippinensis, found in mangrove forests in Indonesia and the Philippines, is listed as endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. It is found primarily in isolated mangrove forests in Kalimantan (Indonesian Borneo) and Sulawesi in Indonesia. Despite significant studies on mangrove biodiversity in this region, the occurrence of C. philippinensis in Balikpapan Bay, East Kalimantan, is not extensively recorded. Methods The study was conducted by exploring the mangrove forests along Balikpapan Bay. The first survey of about 200 km was conducted to observe mangrove vegetation and found one C. philippinensis tree. The second survey focused on the area around the first discovered C. philippinensis tree to census and record its growth stage and distribution. Results The study recorded a population of 527 individuals of C. philippinensis in Pantai Lango Village, East Kalimantan, dominated by seedlings. The high number of seedlings indicates good natural regeneration potential, but the low number of trees indicates intense competition for space in a restricted habitat. This species inhabits a small and restricted area in Balikpapan Bay, in the middle area of Balikpapan Bay, and is associated with other mangrove flora, such as Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Avicennia alba, Lumnitzera littorea, Osbornia octodonta, Ceriops tagal, and Xylocarpus granatum. Conclusions C. philippinensis is vulnerable to habitat damage from anthropogenic activities, which could lead to local extinction. Its natural habitat in Balikpapan Bay also has the potential to be under pressure due to the development of Indonesia’s new capital city (Ibu Kota Nusantara/IKN). It emphasizes the need to understand the ecological role of this protected flora in the natural habitat of protected fauna (the proboscis monkey). Documenting the population of C. philippinensis is crucial for conservation efforts, including propagation and understanding its ecological role.
A prospective observational study of sepsis-associated coagulopathy (SAC) in septic shock in the pediatric intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital in central rural India
Authors: Pulivarthi Chaithanya , Meshram Revat J. , Taksande Amar
Published: January 2024

Background: Sepsis-associated coagulopathy (SAC) is a frequently encountered clinical scenario in pediatric critical care practice. The disruptions within the normal coagulation cascade in cases of sepsis significantly impact the ultimate patient outcome.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the associations between sepsis-associated coagulopathy (SAC) in pediatric septic shock cases and their corresponding clinical outcomes.

Methods: This study will be conducted within a tertiary care Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), focusing on children aged one month to 18 years who have been admitted to manage sepsis. Cases diagnosed with sepsis will undergo evaluation and treatment according to the established PICU protocol. Coagulation profiles, encompassing International Normalized Ratio (INR), activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT), Prothrombin Time (PT), and platelet counts, will be subjected to analysis. Any deviations in coagulation parameters will be compared and correlated with morbidity and mortality outcomes.

Expected results: This study will establish correlations between the severity of sepsis and its subsequent outcomes, specifically concerning aberrations in coagulation profile levels. A meticulous analysis will focus on critically ill cases necessitating various interventions and exhibiting deviant coagulation patterns.

Conclusions: This research aims to unravel potentially pivotal prognostic correlations within sepsis cases. The coagulation profile, a standard investigation, can be a predictive tool for outcomes within the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).
Analysis of business models for delivering energy efficiency through smart energy services to the European commercial rented sector
Authors: De Tommasi Luciano , Papadelis Sotiris , Agrawal Ruchi , Lyons Padraig
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we perform a comparative analysis of business models used by Energy Service Companies (ESCOs), suitable for the deployment of energy efficiency measures in the commercial rented sector across Europe. These models can effectively contribute to solving the split-incentive issue that arises in the rented building scenario. Some of them are obtained from their “traditional” counterparts, which do not consider the rented scenario, but just a bipartite agreement between an Energy Service Company and its client. The EU Horizon 2020 project SmartSPIN (Smart energy services to solve the SPlit INcentive problem in the commercial rented sector) targets delivery of enhanced energy services for commercial rented sector. These enhanced energy services (a) combine demand management services and energy efficiency interventions, (b) facilitate the adoption of renewables, (c) optimize the balance between demand and supply, (d) alleviate the split incentive issue. The pilot implementation of SmartSPIN is in progress in a business park in Greece, in an office building in Ireland and in two shopping centers in Spain. Key recommendations toward the implementation of such a smart energy service are provided in this paper. They have been obtained from a detailed analysis of ten interviews of key stakeholders of the energy efficiency sector and of the commercial rented sector, along with an analysis of a selection of the most relevant technical literature. This paper argues that the classical shared savings and guaranteed savings ESCOs models may be adapted to the commercial rented sector and used at SmartSPIN’s demonstration sites in Spain, Greece and Ireland. The guaranteed savings model appears to be the most appropriate one to use when the building owner is funding the energy efficiency project using own funds or liaising directly with a bank or other finance provider. The validation method for the comparative analysis of business models and selection of the most appropriate one is based on both literature review and consultation of selected stakeholders’ (stakeholder value creation framework).
The impact of consumed coffee on the digestive system - review of the latest research
Authors: Taborska Nina , Martyka Anna , Kubicka Figiel Martyna , Ujma Przemysław
Published: January 2024

IntroductionCoffee stands as the second most widely consumed beverage globally, following water.[1] Recent research on the effects of coffee consumption underscores its positive outcomes when adhering to recommended doses—typically ranging from 2 to 5 cups a day, amounting to a maximum of 400 mg of caffeine daily. This newfound perspective highlights the potential benefits of moderate coffee intake on our overall health and well-being.

Aim of the studyThe objective of this study was to comprehensively review the existing knowledge regarding the impact of coffee consumption on diverse aspects of the gastrointestinal tract.Materials and methodologyA literature review was conducted utilizing the PubMed, Google Scholar, and Google databases. Articles were systematically searched in both English and Polish, employing the keywords: coffee, caffeine, digestive system, digestion, and cancer.ResultsRecent research highlights coffee's diverse benefits, aiding digestion, hastening transit, and showing potential in cancer prevention. It stimulates gastric acid, enhances bile and pancreatic secretion, reduces gallstone risk, promotes large intestine movement, and modulates intestinal flora. Importantly, coffee isn't a primary factor in conditions like reflux, ulcers, inflammatory bowel diseases, or cancer.

ConclusionsFurther research is essential to deepen our understanding of coffee's impact on the digestive system and its systemic effects on the body. Additionally, promoting awareness of safe daily caffeine doses that can contribute to health is worthwhile.
Interacciones en las redes sociales virtuales: una revisión sistemática de la literatura.
Authors: Martín Martínez Sandra Gisela , Castiblanco Carrasco R.A.
Published: January 2024

Las redes sociales virtuales se han establecido como nuevos espacios de interacción social durante las últimas dos décadas. La interacción en contextos virtuales como Facebook e Instagram incide en diferentes dimensiones de la vida de la población adolescente. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el estado de la investigación acerca del proceso de interacción social entre adolescentes en las redes sociales virtuales mediante la revisión sistemática de la literatura. Se llevó a cabo la búsqueda bibliográfica por medio del protocolo PRISMA y fueron seleccionados cuarenta estudios empíricos en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO y Dialnet, los cuales fueron publicados en el periodo 2011-2022. Se establecieron cinco categorías emergentes de las investigaciones analizadas: identidad, bienestar social, competencias socioemocionales, conductas de riesgo y comunicación. Como resultado se evidencia que la población adolescente interactúa en las redes sociales virtuales con el propósito de obtener reconocimiento social, consolidar lazos de amistad y desarrollar el sentido de pertenencia a un grupo; sin embargo, es posible que se vean expuestos a riesgos como el ciberacoso. Se concluye que es necesario ampliar la investigación acerca de las interacciones online entre adolescentes; así como la necesidad de fortalecer las competencias socioemocionales de los adolescentes en el contexto familiar y escolar para que puedan hacer un uso responsable de las redes sociales virtuales.
Flipped learning como herramienta generadora de mejoras académicas en educación superior.
Authors: Moreno-Guerrero Antonio-José , López-Belmonte Jesús , Parra-González Mª Elena , Segura-Robles Adrián
Published: January 2024

Los avances en el campo de la tecnología y en ámbito educativo están generando una proliferación de métodos de enseñanza, cada vez más comunes hoy en día, entre los que se encuentra el flipped learning. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar un contraste metodológico efectuado entre dos enfoques distintos (flipped learning y método expositivo tradicional) en estudiantes del Máster Universitario en Profesorado de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas. El método de investigación aplicado en el presente estudio es un diseño cuasi-experimental fundamentado en una metodología cuantitativa, desarrollado para ello la prueba t de Student para muestras independientes, mediante grupo control y grupo experimental. La muestra está compuesta por 63 estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad de Granada. El instrumento utilizado es un cuestionario ad hoc, validado y fiable. Los resultados muestran que el flipped learning es mejor valorado por los estudiantes que el método expositivo para el aprendizaje de la elaboración de una unidad didáctica en todas las dimensiones de estudio, excepto en las relaciones entre estudiantes. Se puede concluir que el flipped learning, como enfoque didáctico para el aprendizaje de elaboración de unidades didácticas en futuros docentes resulta efectivo en relación al método de enseñanza tradicional. Asimismo, el flipped learning incide directamente sobre la motivación y las calificaciones de los estudiantes.
Pokolenie Solidarności: Antologia II (Non-fiction)
Authors: Pelica Patrycja , Stasiewski Krzysztof , Martini Jan
Published: January 2024

W niniejszym tomie prezentujemy trzy teksty, które zostały nagrodzone w kategorii non-fiction w drugiej edycji konkursu literackiego „Pokolenie Solidarności”, zorganizowanej w 2022 roku przez Instytut Literatury dla uczczenia 42. rocznicy powołania NSZZ „Solidarność” oraz w 41. rocznicę wprowadzenia stanu wojennego. Pierwsze miejsce w konkursie zajął reportaż Słowa, słowa, słowa Patrycji Pelicy. W tej pracy na pierwszy plan wybija się atmosfera zmagań „ze słowem i za pomocą słowa”, pracy z „bibułą” – drukami ulotnymi, które odgrywały w tamtym okresie znaczącą rolę i miały ogromną siłę przekazu. Drugie miejsce w kategorii non-fiction przyznano ex aequo Janowi Martiniemu i Krzysztofowi Stasiewskiemu. Tekst Jana Martiniego Moja „Solidarność”. Wspomnienia i konkluzje to drobiazgowa opowieść o ludziach tworzących pierwszą „Solidarność” z dala od wielkich miast, o ich dziś już zapomnianych czynach i losach podczas stanu wojennego. Poker face Krzysztofa Stasiewskiego natomiast dotyka realiów epoki i zarazem najciemniejszych elementów systemu.
FATORES CONTEXTUAIS E COMPORTAMENTAIS ASSOCIADOS À EXPERIÊNCIA DE CÁRIE DENTÀRIA EM ESCOLARES DO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Petry Milena Leiria , Rissotto Menegazzo Gabriele , Baldo Marques Beatriz , De Sousa Reis Magda , Henriqson Denise , Baldo Moraes Renita
Published: January 2024

Introdução: Além de fatores determinantes para o desenvolvimento da doença cárie dentária, como a dieta e a higiene bucal, o contexto em que os indivíduos vivem também tem mostrado reflexos no comportamento e nas condições de saúde bucal. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a associação de fatores contextuais e comportamentais com a experiência de cárie dentária em escolares de 12 anos em um município do sul do Brasil. Materiais e métodos: A pesquisa foi transversal e quantitativa, e os participantes eram estudantes de escolas públicas. Os dados foram coletados através de questionário e exame bucal, utilizando o índice CPOD para detecção de lesões de cárie dentária. O questionário avaliou aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal, como hábitos de higiene bucal e dieta. Cirurgiões-dentistas da rede municipal da atenção básica, previamente calibrados, realizaram o exame bucal dos estudantes, nas escolas. Resultados: Participaram do levantamento 712 estudantes, destes, 656 realizaram o exame clínico. Os escolares que estudavam em escolas da área rural apresentaram 2,08 vezes maior prevalência de CPOD (95% intervalo de confiança [IC]: 1,43-3,03), bem como aqueles que não usavam escova de dentes, que tiveram 2,14 vezes maior prevalência (95% IC: 1,13-4,06) quando comparados às suas contrapartes. Ainda, quem possuía placa bacteriana visível em seus dentes apresentava 46% maior prevalência de CPOD (95% IC: 1,16-1,83) do que quem não possuía. Conclusão: Além dos fatores determinantes relacionados à cárie dentária, fatores contextuais apresentaram associação com experiência de cárie dentária, estimulando estratégias com potencial para minimizar as iniquidades em saúde bucal.
ESTRANHOS INCIVIS: Mapeando Padrões de Incivilidades Online nas Eleições Brasileiras de 2018
Authors: Borges Candido Leandro , RODRIGUES DE OLIVEIRA CINTIA , Cristina Costa Maroni Saraiva Mayla , Machado Valadão Júnior Valdir
Published: January 2024

O objetivo deste artigo  é mapear e analisar padrões de incivilidade enquanto fenômeno desencadeado nas redes sociais online, em páginas do Facebook que expressaram apoio à direita e extrema direita nas eleições de 2018, um contexto marcado pela polarização e agressividade no Brasil. Realizamos uma pesquisa qualitativa, em quinze páginas do Facebook do Estado de Minas Gerais, sendo o material empírico   submetido à análise de conteúdo. O artigo  contribui para o entendimento de como as redes sociais, em específico o Facebook, podem fomentar os discursos de incivilidade, trazendo conhecimento empírico acerca da incivilidade online no contexto político brasileiro de direita e extrema direita, estimulando reflexões sobre as práticas incivis, suas especificidades e suas possíveis consequências no contexto organizacional e social, que também se vale do espaço virtual
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES PREDITIVAS DO DANO AMBIENTAL PARA PARA GESTÃO PÚBLICA DE UNIDADES DE CONSERVAÇÃO: estudo de caso da APA do Alto do Mucuri em Minas Gerais
Authors: Da Silva Passos Diego , Calembo Batista Menezes João Paulo , De Almeida Vilela Bruno , Fulgencio Silva Chaves Jorge
Published: January 2024

O relacionamento entre os governos e os cidadãos pode ser a saída para contornar a crise ambiental na qual o mundo está inserido, principalmente na reformulação da ideia de que os recursos naturais são inesgotáveis e podem ser explorados deliberadamente. O artigo buscou analisar as contribuições preditivas do dano ambiental para a gestão pública no combate a incêndios florestais da APA do Alto do Mucuri no período de 2014 a 2018. Foram utilizados o algoritmo Random Forest como técnica preditiva em 138 Registros de Ocorrências de Incêndios (ROI’s) da unidade de conservação. Os resultados evidenciam 14.729,92 hectares de vegetação queimada na região, predominantemente do tipo Floresta Estacional Semidecidual e análise com melhor capacidade preditiva para danos ambientais do tipo baixo e moderado. Desta forma, conclui-se a necessidade de reformulação do ROI e a adoção do algoritmo Random Forest na tomada de decisões no combate a incêndios florestais.
Application of Digital Economy Machine Learning Algorithm for Predicting Carbon Trading Prices Under Carbon Reduction Trends
Authors: Liu Yisheng , Xu Fang
Published: January 2024

Due to the increasing demand for fossil fuels, excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as CO2 have been caused. With the intensification of global climate anomalies and warming, how to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is an important issue currently facing the international community. The influencing factors of carbon price are complex, and accurate prediction of carbon price is a difficult problem. There are still some problems in the existing carbon trading price prediction models, such as insufficient understanding of the enormous potential of machine learning models to ilift the performance. The study will use two machine learning models that can address the shortcomings of traditional artificial intelligence models as the basic prediction models. The specific content includes machine learning prediction models that extend to extreme learning machine theory and fuzzy inference system theory. By integrating data preprocessing algorithms, artificial intelligence optimization algorithms, feature selection algorithms, etc., this study constructs and applies a carbon trading price prediction model from multiple perspectives to compensate for the shortcomings in current research. The corresponding values for each indicator in the algorithm are 5.6214E-12 (maximum), 2.8546E-12 (minimum), 4.0239E-12 (mean), and 5.4402E-13 (variance). Compared with other comparative optimization algorithms, this indicates that the hybrid optimization algorithm is an efficient optimization method for the model, which can effectively optimize different problems. In theory, the proposed multiple improved carbon trading price prediction models can theoretically compensate for the shortcomings in existing carbon trading price predictions.
Competitive Pricing Strategy of Wind-Solar-Fire Coupling System in Monthly Concentrated Market Considering the Uncertainty of Renewable Energy
Authors: Guoliang Bian , Yiqun Meng , Yi Gu , Chuang Liu , Bo Hu , Guiping Zhou , Huanhuan Luo , Yuanzhu Zhao , Yiming Chang , Zhonghui Wang
Published: January 2024

Monthly centralized bidding is a key link in the transition from annual bilateral trading to spot trading, the research object of this paper is the multi-type power system (coupling system) which is integrated and coupled by thermal power and renewable energy under the same grid point, from the market point of view, this paper discusses its competitive strategy and revenue in the monthly centralized bidding market. First, an outer-level market clearing model that adapts to the participation of the coupling system is constructed to maximize the clearing in terms of social welfare. Secondly, considering the forecast error of scenery, the optimization model of the inner coupling system is established to analyze the cost of the coupling system, and the increment of the coupling system is evaluated quantitatively. Finally, a two-layer optimization model for coupling system to participate in the monthly centralized bidding market is formed, and then the optimal operation strategy of coupling system is studied. The simulation verification of the calculation example shows that participating in the monthly centralized bidding transaction in the mode of the coupling system will increase the income of each of the scenery and fire, the proposed coupling system model promotes changes in the energy structure of the power market, driven by improving the overall economic benefits, ensuring the economic benefits of traditional units and expanding the scope of the renewable energy market, so as to provide electricity to renewable energy and thermal power to improve auxiliary services. The development of the situation provides new ideas for the large-scale grid-connected consumption of new energy.
Installation Technique and Numerical Simulation of Stress on High-Pile Footings During the Translation of Offshore Booster Stations
Authors: Zhou Maoqiang
Published: January 2024

The foundation of the offshore substation mainly adopts the structure of a conductor support frame, and the installation of the upper blocks of the offshore substation mainly employs a lifting vessel for hoisting. The “Zhegen Sha 300 MW Offshore Wind Power Project” adopts a high-pile cap foundation for the offshore substation, making use of a translational installation method for the upper blocks. The innovative foundation design and installation scheme together form the basis of this project, which is explored in detail in this paper. Numerical simulations examining the bearing performance of the high-pile cap foundation during the translational process of the upper blocks are also performed, allowing finer insights into the design and construction of offshore wind power projects.
Towards a more accurate light transport model for non-line-of-sight imaging
Authors: Sultan Talha , Reza Syed Azer , Velten Andreas
Published: January 2024

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging systems involve the measurement of an optical signal at a diffuse surface. A forward model encodes the physics of these measurements mathematically and can be inverted to generate a reconstruction of the hidden scene. Some existing NLOS imaging techniques rely on illuminating the diffuse surface and measuring the photon time of flight (ToF) of multi-bounce light paths. Alternatively, some methods depend on measuring high-frequency variations caused by shadows cast by occluders in the hidden scene. While forward models for ToF-NLOS and Shadow-NLOS have been developed separately, there has been limited work on unifying these two imaging modalities. Dove et al introduced a unified mathematical framework capable of modeling both imaging techniques [Opt. Express 27, 18016 (2019)10.1364/OE.27.018016]. The authors utilize this general forward model, known as the two frequency spatial Wigner distribution (TFSWD), to discuss the implications of reconstruction resolution for combining the two modalities but only when the occluder geometry is known a priori. In this work, we develop a graphical representation of the TFSWD forward model and apply it to novel experimental setups with potential applications in NLOS imaging. Furthermore, we use this unified framework to explore the potential of combining these two imaging modalities in situations where the occluder geometry is not known in advance.
Research on LIBS online monitoring criteria for aircraft skin laser paint removal based on OPLS-DA
Authors: Li Shaolong , Yang Yikai , Gao Shaohua , Lin Dehui , Li Guo , Hu Yue , Yang Wenfeng
Published: January 2024

Online monitoring technology plays a pivotal role in advancing the utilization of laser paint removal in aircraft maintenance and automation. Through the utilization of a high-frequency infrared pulse laser paint removal laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) online monitoring platform, this research conducted data collection encompassing 60 sets of LIBS spectra during the paint removal process. Classification and identification models were established employing principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). These models served as the foundation for creating criteria and rules for the online LIBS monitoring of the controlled paint removal process for aircraft skin. In this research, 12 selected characteristic spectral lines were used to construct the OPLS-DA model, with a predictive root mean square error (RMSEP) of 0.2873. Both full spectrum and feature spectral line data achieved a predictive accuracy of 94.4%. The selection of feature spectral lines maintains predictive performance while significantly reducing the amount of input data. Consequently, this research offers a methodological reference for further advancements in online monitoring technology for laser paint removal in aircraft skin.
Four-channel meta-hologram enabled by a frequency-multiplexed mono-layered geometric phase metasurface
Authors: Zhu Lei , Wei Jinxu , Dong Liang , Shang Guanyu , Guan Chunsheng , Burokur Shah Nawaz , Ding Xumin
Published: January 2024

In recent years, frequency-multiplexed metasurfaces have received extensive attention due to the increasing demand for multifunction integration and communication capacity. However, multi-channel studies achieved with a mono-layered frequency-multiplexed metasurface are limited. Herein, a universal design strategy for a frequency-multiplexed mono-layered geometric phase metasurface is proposed by utilizing Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase modulations. The elementary meta-atom is judiciously designed to transmit the cross-polarized component of a circularly polarized incident wave at four distinct frequencies with independent 360° phase shifts and a constant amplitude of 0.48, close to the theoretical limit of 0.5. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, a four-channel meta-hologram is designed to achieve distinct holographic images of “three foci”, “five foci”, “J” and “X” at 7.2 GHz, 9.1 GHz, 10.9 GHz, and 15.2 GHz respectively. The images are projected in the desired azimuth planes by exploiting the time-shifting properties of the Fourier transform. The experimental and full-wave simulation results are in good agreement, which indicates that the proposed strategy has great potentials in various applications, such as multi-channel imaging and information encryption technology.