bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escola, um processo de vida: complexidade e transdisciplinaridade em educação
Authors: Curado Parrode Diniz Carolina Nunes , Silva Moraes Fátima Cristina
Published: August 2017

A escola é uma instituição educacional, social e cultural de importância universalmente reconhecida. É um lugar de vida. Espaço onde a existência se faz na construção do conhecimento, através de atividades de pesquisa, nos encontros entre as pessoas, em meio a relações complexas.

No desenrolar do trabalho, abordamos a teoria da complexidade, do filósofo, sociólogo e epistemólogo francês, Edgar Morin, destacando o sujeito e a prática educacional. Em uma realidade complexa, identifica a criança enquanto participante da elaboração do seu ser, dentro de um

processo onde constrói e reconhece sua realidade, numa dinâmica de vida de contínuas decisões, avaliações, retornos, e reflexões. Essa nova forma de se exercer o pensamento, compreende a criança como alguém capaz de tratar o real, de dialogar e de negociar com ele. As atividades foram propostas aos alunos da primeira fase do Ensino Fundamental com o intuito de engajá-los em um processo de articulação entre domínios disciplinares aspirando um conhecimento

multidimensional da vida em sociedade.
Educação inclusiva: dos documentos legais à realidade escolar
Authors: Amadeu Gussi Suzi Lane , Rosa Vanderley Flor da
Published: August 2017

O presente estudo apresenta considerações a respeito da prática da educação inclusiva com o objetivo de buscar compreender os fatores presentes no cotidiano das pessoas com deficiência nas áreas auditiva, física, intelectual e visual, a partir das categorias de educação, trabalho, autonomia e independência. Para tanto, utilizou-se a pesquisa analítica, interpretativa, bibliográfica e de campo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com um grupo de pessoas com deficiência residentes em uma cidade do Norte do Paraná. Os referenciais principais foram os documentos sobre a Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva e a Convenção Internacional sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência. Constatou-se que a inclusão social e escolar é um processo não consolidado, lento e gradativo, evidenciando a existência de preconceitos tanto na sociedade como na escola. Com base nos resultados desse estudo pretende-se gerar um produto educacional com vistas à instrumentalização da escola e do professor, visando dar subsídios para a construção de novas/outras lógicas de ensino inclusivo, prática que tem desafiado os espaços escolares.
Síntese da Arte-Educação no Brasil: duzentos anos em seis mil palavras
Authors: Barbosa Ana Mae
Published: August 2017

O texto discute o ensino de Arte na época da colonização, mostrando as mudanças em relação ao Positivismo, ao Liberalismo e ao Nacionalismo após a República. É dada grande importância para a modernização do ensino de Arte, e os problemas causados por duas ditaduras no país são explicados. Um lugar especial é dado à influência de John Dewey. As

abordagens atuais são definidos como, por exemplo, Cultura Visual, Abordagem Triangular, Interculturalidade e Ecologia.
A Performance Cultural da “Cinderela” no filme produzido pela Walt Disney Pictures (2015). (Re)interpretações no cotidiano dos estudantes do sexto ano do Cepae/UFG e de uma escola particular em Goiânia – Goiás
Authors: S. Garcez Hellen Cristine , Araujo Lorrana Laurence de , Borges Veloso Sainy Coelho
Published: August 2017

Este artigo propõe algumas reflexões sobre o Conto de Fada Cinderela no filme produzido pela Walt Disney Pictures (2015). O trabalho foi realizado no Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa Aplicada à Educação (Cepae/UFG) e numa Escola Particular em Goiânia – Goiás e teve

caráter qualitativo. Nesses espaços de ensino, vivenciamos situações para além da sala de aula. A vida dos estudantes permanecia presente e refletida nas ações e discussões, escolhas e conflitos, pensando e refletindo o seu lugar no mundo, o lugar de seu grupo social e,

sobretudo a sua vivência, a relação com o outro e uma provável analogia com um processo contínuo e dinâmico que será (re)construído no decorrer da vida. O trabalho teve também como objetivo, conhecer a estrutura social, econômica, cultural, familiar e política na qual

estão inseridos os estudantes envolvidos na pesquisa, permeando as dimensões cognitivas. Além de dialogar numa aplicabilidade como recurso didático e pedagógico, no Ensino de Artes Visuais, da Educação Básica.
Concepções de deficiência: um estudo sobre a representação social da diversidade humana ao longo da história
Authors: Da Silva Alves Denise Soares
Published: August 2017

Este artigo consiste no estudo da relação da sociedade com a deficiência ao longo da história, tratando dos pressupostos filosóficos que determinaram tal relação, permitindo compreender, desde a era primitiva até a segunda metade do século XX, as concepções de deficiência constituídas em contextos sócio-históricos distintos. O estudo reflete acerca da percepção de cada sociedade em relação à pessoa com deficiência e discute ainda o lugar ocupado por essas pessoas nessas sociedades, mostra como o avanço dessas concepções esteve atrelado ao avanço na conquista e garantia dos direitos fundamentais e aponta que a evolução cultural implicou em modificações sociais que ajudaram a construir uma nova realidade social e educacional para as pessoas com deficiência.
Formação ética de professores do Atendimento Educacional Especializado na perspectiva histórico-cultural
Authors: Machado Oliveira Santos Márcia Cristina , Schulz Almiro
Published: August 2017

Esse artigo fundamenta-se em uma pesquisa desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação do Curso de Mestrado em Ensino na Educação Básica do Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa Aplicada à Educação (Cepae/UFG), que buscou apreender possibilidades, limites, ações e funções da

formação de professores do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) na Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (Apae), bem como as contribuições do saber filosófico para a formação ética, identificando como esse saber permeia a prática pedagógica desse grupo de professores. Para atender a esses objetivos, foram utilizados os conceitos de Ética, em Kant, e de Defectologia, em Vygotsky, e também as leis que regem a Educação Especial no Brasil. A ética, a formação docente e a inclusão são assuntos atuais, devendo-se considerar como eles pertencem ao processo da formação e prática docente, que requer atitudes, decisões e ações que têm implicações éticas. Esses professores indicaram os valores éticos presentes no

seu trabalho, destacando o respeito às diferenças, ao aluno, à família, à cultura e à deficiência e a responsabilidade e o comprometimento envolvidos. Enfatizando, portanto, a ética como inclusão, como reconhecimento do aluno enquanto sujeito constituído de desejos,

necessidades, potencialidades e limites, e a não valorização da deficiência.
Hipóteses de letramento visual na construção da leitura e da escrita de estudantes surdos
Authors: Messias Belém Moreira Andréa Beatriz
Published: August 2017

Existem vários estudos sobre a aquisição da escrita pelos estudantes ouvintes, os quais são, grande parte das vezes, replicados aos estudantes surdos. Pretendeu-se neste trabalho questionar a consistência desses estudos e refletir sobre como duas línguas de diferentes estruturas e com canais de entrada tão distintos, a Libras pelo canal visual-espacial e a Língua Portuguesa pelo canal oral-auditivo, podem ter hipóteses de aquisição semelhantes. Ainda, como empregar

metodologias semelhantes para estudantes surdos e ouvintes, considerando-se a Libras como a primeira língua e a Língua Portuguesa escrita como segunda língua? Cabe ao ensino não apenas apresentar os conteúdos em Língua de Sinais, mas utilizar toda a potencialidade visual

dos estudantes para captar a visualidade contida na Libras, cujos signos permeiam o campo da semiótica imagética. O percurso semiótico parece atender mais adequadamente ao processo de letramento dos estudantes surdos, inclusive, numa perspectiva linguística para acesso à segunda língua a ser adquirida por esses estudantes. Com base no exposto, essa pesquisa buscou entender como ocorre esse processo de aquisição da Língua Portuguesa escrita pelo estudante surdo e apresentou como hipóteses as etapas envolvidas desde os elementos imagéticos, em

que a semiotização está mais presente, perpassando pelas tentativas em representar com os símbolos gráficos da Língua de Sinais. Com isso, esse trabalho traz sua contribuição ao propor e definir o letramento semiótico para os estudantes surdos.
Filhos do paraíso: a ética no mundo infantil
Authors: Roure Glacy Queiros de , Da Guia Silva Neisi Maria
Published: August 2017

O propósito deste estudo é perceber a experiência da infância no filme Filhos do paraíso (1997). Um filme iraniano, dirigido por Majid Majidi, com direção de fotografia de Parviz Malekzaade, baseado em fatos reais, que nos conta a história de dois irmãos, Ali (9 anos) e Zahra (6 anos), os quais dividem um mesmo par de tênis para ir à escola. Muitas questões são tratadas no filme mostrando-nos o olhar da criança que a todo tempo se mostra solidária e capaz de se posicionar perante as dificuldades que a vida lhes apresenta. O espaço geográfico é o da periferia, que retrata bem os problemas de infraestrutura. São também levantadas questões humanísticas relativas ao amor, à ética, à honestidade, à solidariedade e ao companheirismo. Encontramos nessa família, e nos personagens coadjuvantes, importantes reflexões nesse sentido, principalmente sobre a dignidade no enfrentamento da pobreza e do sonho com um futuro melhor. Ainda é possível observar na película a importância do pai e dos vínculos afetivos na constituição do sujeito.
Analysis of Education-Themed Films in the Context of Teacher Education Programs
Authors: Arslan Suna
Published: August 2017

The study aims to answer the question: “Is it possible to benefit from education-themed films in teacher training policy?” For this purpose, students of the Faculty of Education were placed in film viewing/interpreting groups and were asked to determine the meanings conveyed in the following films: “Hababam Sınıfı,” “Sınav,” “Elephant,” and “Dead Poets Society.”  The findings obtained through content analysis were themed. Results showed that catchy/effective scenes and cues were grouped under the following main themes: Education, family, society, and adolescence. The most intensely-perceived main theme was the messages on the education system. The fact that education took first place and that this was followed by adolescence, society, and family-themed messages shows that the education phenomenon should be discussed with respect to these concepts.
Alliaria petiolata reduces ectomycorrhizal colonization and richness on Quercus rubra trees and seedlings
Authors: Diphillippo Justin , Shrader Veronica , Turner Gregory Douglas
Published: August 2017

Ectomycorrhizal fungi are key ecological components of forest communities, given the host benefits they provide. Biotic factors that alter ectomycorrhizal–host interactions, such as pests, have been well studied. The effects of other biotic factors, such as allelopathy and pathogens, deserve more attention. Studies have reported reduced ectomycorrhizal colonization on hosts in response to allelopathy from garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata [M. Bieb.]), an invasive herb in North American forests. Since A. petiolata allelopathy affects ectomycorrhizal associations with many hosts, such as Quercus species, such impacts are of interest. This study examined A. petiolata allelopathic effects on ectomycorrhizal fungi from northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) hosts, and specifically how A. petiolata density and exudates affect colonization and richness on this host. Results found that A. petiolata presence and exudates reduced both colonization and richness.
INFLUÊNCIA DO LAGO DA UHE TUCURUÍ SOBRE A BARRAGEM DE CONCRETO: UM ESTUDO SOBRE OS MTJ’S.
Authors: Vieira Markle Fernandes
Published: August 2017

A instrumentação de barragens é um item importante para assegurar um monitoramento constante das estruturas, trazendo mais segurança e confiabilidade quanto a estabilidade de suas estruturas e atendimento a legislação vigente no Brasil. Na UHE Tucuruí, um instrumento muito útil nessa constante verificação é o Medidor Triortogonal de Junta (MTJ), o seu funcionamento será detalhado neste artigo e será introduzida uma nova abordagem para as análises dos dados, utilizando um algoritmo desenvolvido através de técnicas de identificação de sistemas, que gera modelos de regressão polinomiais e identifica o grau de influência de agentes externos, blocos vizinhos e nível a montante, no instrumento escolhido.

Palavras chave: Instrumentação, UHE Tucuruí, MTJ, Modelos, Montante.
Trayectoria intelectual y política de Roberto Campos desde su narrativa del yo
Authors: Ramirez Hernán
Published: August 2017

A partir de la narrativa del yo, en el presente artículo, indagamos sobre el giro experimentado en el pensamiento y la acción pública de Roberto Campos, figura clave de la política económica brasileña en la última mitad del siglo pasado, en cuyo recorrido se deslizó desde posiciones próximas al Estructuralismo en su juventud para abrazar la variante más ortodoxa del Neoliberalismo más adelante, de modo militante. Al explicar las razones de esa transmutación, observamos que su trayectoria no fue solo una muestra individual, sino que ilustra, con sus matices particulares, los derroteros que siguieron en la región el campo de la economía de modo general, el de las políticas públicas y otras personalidades en particular, que también trazaron un curso semejante y pueden entenderse mejor a la luz de esta.
The Role of Mantra in Theater Makyong
Authors: Kurmalasari Tety , Rahim Hamdan Abdul , Agust Satria
Published: August 2017

The research is based on the study of literature. The problem of this research was uses of the spell in theater makyong. The study of uses of the spell in theater makyong is assumed so interesting, because until now theater makyong has still been using spell used by the Panjak chairman to chase away the evil and averse evil before the show begins which is well-known as the ceremony of the"discard wet" or "open land". The spell in theater makyong consists of swearing, the evil, and averse evil spells related to ceremonies open land or discard wet, installing fabric spell, advanced series spell, make-up spell, perindang voice spell and pembungkam (speechless) spell. The sources of the data in this research were obtained from litelature and the Tanjungpinang Art Conservatory Foundation which has kept preserving Theater Makyong till now. The technique of collecting data was done by using the observation technique, interview, and recording elicited from the Panjak chairman, especially about the spell. The data were analyzed by using the collecting data technique. Relating to the research findings, there were seven spells associated with the stage opening ceremony and wet soil or waste opening ceremony and five spells associated with inner preparations existing in theater makyong. The use or the role of spell was as a protection.
New sibling species and new occurrences of squat lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the western Indian Ocean
Authors: Macpherson Enrique , Rodríguez-Flores Paula C. , Machordom Annie
Published: August 2017

Numerous specimens of squat lobsters belonging to the families Munididae, Munidopsidae and Eumunididae were collected during several cruises along the eastern coasts of Africa. The study of these specimens revealed the presence of 10 new species (one Eumunida Smith, 1883, eight Munida Leach, 1820 and one Munidopsis Whiteaves, 1874). We describe and illustrate these new species, providing some new data on occurrences and colour patterns for previously described taxa. We have also included molecular data from two mitochondrial markers (16S rRNA and COI) to support the taxonomic status of different species. Some deep-sea species show a clear increase in their geographic range distribution. Finally, a key to known species of the genus Munida from the western and central Indian Ocean is also presented.
Serous Carcinoma Mimicking Primary Urothelial Carcinoma on Clinical Evaluation and Pathology: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall
Authors: Mirsadraei Leili , Hodkoff Alexey , Jones Karra , Shabaik Ahmed , Kader A. Karim , Saenz Cheryl C. , Montironi Rodolfo , Tacha David E. , Fadare Oluwole , Hansel Donna E.
Published: August 2017

Context.—

Serous carcinoma of the gynecologic tract often involves the external bladder wall and can occasionally mimic primary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Objective.—

To define the spectrum of morphologic and immunohistochemical features that characterize serous carcinoma involving the bladder wall and its distinction from urothelial carcinoma.

Design.—

We reviewed all cases of serous carcinoma secondarily involving the bladder wall from the University of California San Diego and Polytechnic Institute for histopathologic and immunohistochemical features.

Results.—

We identified 20 cases of Müllerian high-grade serous carcinoma involving the bladder wall. Five cases were clinical mimics of urothelial carcinoma, including 2 cases that presented as a large, transmural, primary bladder mass without precedent gynecologic history in women younger than 60 years, and 3 cases presumed to be new bladder carcinoma occurring distant to a serous carcinoma diagnosis. A subset of cases were morphologic mimics of urothelial carcinoma, which showed nested growth patterns (2 of 20; 10%), squamouslike foci (2 of 20; 10%), spindled/sarcomatoid growth (2 of 20; 10%), basaloid morphology (3 of 20; 15%), and syncytial growth patterns (1 of 20; 5%). Immunohistochemical stains in 17 cases showed immunoreactivity for CK7 (17 of 17; 100%), WT1 (17 of 17; 100%), uroplakin (UP) II (1 of 17; 6%), p63 (2 of 17; 12%), GATA3 (2 of 17; 12%), and PAX8 (17 of 17; 100%).

Conclusions.—

A subset of serous carcinomas involving the bladder wall can mimic urothelial carcinoma. Awareness of this mimicker and use of an immunohistochemical panel that includes CK7, WT1, UPII, PAX8, p63, and GATA3 can be helpful in confirming the diagnosis.
Effect of Different Packaging Materials on Chemical Composition of Fried Onion (Allium cepa L.): A Comparative Study
Authors: Umair Khatri  , Saghir Ahmed Sheikh  , Abdul Qadir khatri  , Aasia Akbar Panhwar  , Aijaz Hussain Soomro
Published: August 2017

Onion is a commonly used vegetable in entire world. The onions have been utilized as a main component in many recipes by different cultures for thousands of years. Due to its significant medicinal properties, nutritional and energy value, onions (Allium cepa L.) impart numerous health benefits to consumers. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted to evaluate the effect of various packaging materials (T1= Polyethylene bags, T2= Aluminum foil, T3= Butter paper and T0= without packaging) on physico-chemical characteristics of fried onion.During storageat the Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. The pH value, titratable acidity (%), moisture (%), ash(%) and total carbohydrates were determined. The results indicated that pH value and total carbohydrates content were significantly affected by storage periods (P
Shira L. Lander. Ritual Sites and Religious Rivalries in Late Roman North Africa
Authors: Jensen Robin M.
Published: August 2017

No abstract is available.
Spatial analysis of intertidal tropical assemblages associated with rocky shores in Venezuela
Authors: Cruz-Motta J J
Published: August 2017

Se presenta una descripción cuantitativa de las comunidades intermareales asociadas a los litorales rocosos de Venezuela, la cual consideró las siguientes escalas espaciales jerárquicamente organizadas: regiones (separadas por cientos de kilómetros), localidades dentro de cada región (separadas por decenas de kilómetros), sitios dentro de las localidades (separadas por cientos de metros) y réplicas (separadas por metros). Se encontró que las comunidades de algas variaron significativamente a todas las escalas espaciales consideradas, mientras que los animales variaron significativamente sólo a las escalas espaciales de sitios y localidades pero no a la escala de regiones. Para las dos matrices de datos (algas y animales), los componentes de variación mayores estuvieron asociados a las escalas de localidades y réplicas, y los menores con la escala de regiones. Los resultados de este estudio tienen relevancia para el entendimiento de las comunidades asociadas a litorales rocosos tropicales ya que se mostró que, como ocurre en zonas templadas, la mayor fuente de variabilidad se encuentra a escalas espaciales pequeñas (metros y cientos de metros) y que las comparaciones a escalas espaciales más grandes pueden estar confundidas o solapadas por esta variabilidad. Asimismo, permiten la propuesta de modelos conceptuales sobre procesos ecológicos que pueden ser relevantes para estos sistemas.

A quantitative description is made of the intertidal assemblages associated with rocky shores on the coast of Venezuela, considering different hierarchically-structured spatial scales: regions (separated by hundreds of kilometers), locations within regions (separated by tens of kilometers), sites within locations (separated by tens to hundreds of meters) and replicate quadrates (separated by meters). Assemblages of algae varied significantly at all the spatial scales, whereas assemblages of animals varied significantly only at the spatial scales of sites and locations but not at the scale of regions. For the two data matrices (algae and animals), the largest components of variation were found among locations and among replicates, and the smallest were associated with the spatial scale of regions. Findings in this study have relevance for an improved understanding of tropical rocky assemblages because it was shown that, as occurs in other temperate zones, variability at small spatial scales (meters and hundreds of meters) is very important and, consequently, comparisons among places located at larger distances might be confounded by this variability. Moreover, they allow the proposal of conceptual models about ecological processes that might be relevant for these systems.
Development of the retina in spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus (Percoidei: Serranidae) larvae under culture conditions
Authors: Peña R , Dumas S
Published: August 2017

We describe the development of the retina in spotted sand bass Paralabrax maculatofasciatus larvae under culture conditions, using histological techniques. Retinal development in the spotted sand bass larvae followed a pattern previously described for other teleost species. Two periods of active differentiation were observed. The first occurred during the yolk-sac stage (from hatching to day 2 after hatching) as preparation for the onset of exogenous feeding. During this period, the eye showed negative allometric growth (growth coefficient = 0.5). At the time of first feeding (day 2), total length (TL) was 2.58 ± 0.26 mm (mean ± SD), the eye became pigmented and single cones were the only photoreceptors observed in the retina. After first feeding, a slightly positive allometric growth of the eye was observed (growth coefficient = 1.11). The second period occurred during the transformation to juvenile stage. Presumptive double cones were first observed on day 14 (TL = 5.37 ± 0.58 mm) and presumptive rods on day 22 after hatching (TL = 7.23 ± 0.99 mm). From day 22 onwards, the visual system was formed by a duplex retina with both rod and cone photoreceptors present.
Rhodolith detritus impounded by a coastal dune on Isla Coronados, Gulf of California
Authors: Sewell AA , Johnson ME , Backus DH , Ledesma-Vázquez J
Published: August 2017

Sand from a small dune on the southwest side of Isla Coronados with an estimated volume of 30,000 m3 is enriched as much as 86.5% by calcium-carbonate detritus from beached rhodoliths. Elsewhere in the Gulf of California, coastal sand dunes often occur on the north sides of islands or north-facing peninsular shores, and calcium-carbonate input is more commonly linked to bivalve mollusks from adjacent sand flats. The local calcium-carbonate budget for the west-facing shore of Isla Coronados must take into account how many rhodoliths of a given size are required to build a sand dune with a known composition and volume. To this end, 135 whole rhodoliths were collected from above the tide line at Punta El Bajo, across from Isla Coronados, on the peninsular mainland. One cubic meter is calculated to accommodate 8640 whole rhodoliths with an average diameter of 5 cm and an average sphericity of 0.86. The age of a rhodolith this size could be several decades. Through stages, the sample rhodoliths were crushed to a maximum grain size ≤ 2.38 mm in diameter (–1.25ø equivalent), and the product was used to estimate the proportion required to generate 1 m3 of pure carbonate sand. Accounting for 2% loss throughout the reduction process, about 16,265 crushed rhodoliths are needed to produce 1 m3 of carbonate sand. Thus, a 30,000-m3 dune requires approximately 488,000,000 rhodoliths to generate 86% of the dune´ s volume. Dunes of this kind may be rare, but the computation is applicable to other rhodolith-derived dunes in the Gulf of California.
Evaluation of the influence of two transport boxes on the incubation, hatching and emergence of Kemp's ridley turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) eggs
Authors: Vázquez-Sauceda ML , Aguirre-Guzmán G , Pérez-Castañeda R , Sánchez-Martínez JG , Martín-del Campo RR , Loredo-Osti J , Rábago-Castro J
Published: August 2017

Anthropogenic activities directly and indirectly affect the life cycle of Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii). The transport of sea turtle eggs in boxes helps to establish new nesting areas and increases the possibility of turtle survival. This study aimed to compare the effects of two types of transport boxes on egg incubation, hatching rate and turtle emergence: a conventional plastic crate-type box with polystyrene nets as egg protection, and an experimental plywood box with convoluted (egg carton) foam as egg protection. Both boxes were used to transport eggs from 40 in situ nests (n = 20 nests transported by each box system, with 89–97 eggs per nest) to the Tepehuajes station (Tamaulipas, Mexico), during the nesting season from 23 April to 31 May 2000. Incubation period, and hatching and emergence rates for both box systems were compared using Student's t-test. The results showed that the experimental box had a significant positive effect on hatching and emergence rates when compared with the conventional plastic box, representing a feasible alternative for nest translocation procedures.
Growth of the hermatypic coral Montastraea cavernosa in the Veracruz Reef System
Authors: Horta-Puga G , Carriquiry JD
Published: August 2017

The hermatypic coral Montastraea cavernosa is one of the most important reef-builders in the Veracruz Reef System, an ecosystem that has developed in a highly turbid environment. Despite the ecological importance of this species, studies about its growth rate are scarce. This study therefore aims to present the annual growth rates of the scleractinian coral M. cavernosa for the period 1923–2001 in the southern Gulf of Mexico (SGM). Average extension rate was 2.9 ± 0.9 mm yr–1 (σ), which is slightly lower, although not significantly different, than previous records for this species from other reef settings. No correlation was found between sea surface temperature and extension rate, indicating that growth could be influenced by some other factor. We suggest that, as the coastal SGM is a turbid environment, the conditions for coral development are harsher than in other reef areas with pristine waters, and that this could negatively affect the coral's performance, reducing its growth rate.
Recurrence‐associated gene signature optimizes recurrence‐free survival prediction of colorectal cancer
Authors: Tian Xianglong , Zhu Xiaoqiang , Yan Tingting , Yu Chenyang , Shen Chaoqin , Hu Ye , Hong Jie , Chen Haoyan , Fang Jing‐Yuan
Published: August 2017

High throughput gene expression profiling has showed great promise in providing insight into molecular mechanisms. Metastasis‐related mRNAs may potentially enrich genes with the ability to predict cancer recurrence, therefore we attempted to build a recurrence‐associated gene signature to improve prognostic prediction of colorectal cancer (CRC). We identified 2848 differentially expressed mRNAs by analyzing CRC tissues with or without metastasis. For the selection of prognostic genes, a LASSO Cox regression model (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method) was employed. Using this method, a 13‐mRNA signature was identified and then validated in two independent Gene Expression Omnibus cohorts. This classifier could successfully discriminate the high‐risk patients in discovery cohort [hazard ratio (HR) = 5.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.30–12.08, P < 0.0001). Analysis in two independent cohorts yielded consistent results (GSE14333: HR = 4.55, 95% CI 2.18–9.508, P < 0.0001; GSE33113: HR = 3.26, 95% CI 2.16–9.16, P = 0.0176). Further analysis revealed that the prognostic value of this signature was independent of tumor stage, postoperative chemotherapy and somatic mutation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under ROC curve of this signature was 0.8861 and 0.8157 in the discovery and validation cohort, respectively. A nomogram was constructed for clinicians, and did well in the calibration plots. Furthermore, this 13‐mRNA signature outperformed other known gene signatures, including oncotypeDX colon cancer assay. Single‐sample gene‐set enrichment analysis revealed that a group of pathways related to drug resistance, cancer metastasis and stemness were significantly enriched in the high‐risk patients. In conclusion, this 13‐mRNA signature may be a useful tool for prognostic evaluation and will facilitate personalized management of CRC patients.
Rapid screening of IgG quality attributes – effects on Fc receptor binding
Authors: Geuijen Karin P. M. , Oppers‐Tiemissen Cindy , Egging David F. , Simons Peter J. , Boon Louis , Schasfoort Richard B. M. , Eppink Michel H. M.
Published: August 2017

The interactions of therapeutic antibodies with fragment crystallizable γ (Fcγ) receptors and neonatal Fc receptors (FcRn) are measured in vitro as indicators of antibody functional performance. Antibodies are anchored to immune cells through the Fc tail, and these interactions are important for the efficacy and safety of therapeutic antibodies. High‐throughput binding studies on each of the human Fcγ receptor classes (FcγRI, FcγRIIa, FcγRIIb, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb) as well as FcRn have been developed and performed with human IgG after stress‐induced modifications to identify potential impact in vivo. Interestingly, we found that asparagine deamidation (D‐N) reduced the binding of IgG to the low‐affinity Fcγ receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIb, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), while FcγRI and FcRn binding was not impacted. Deglycosylation completely inhibited binding to all Fcγ receptors, but showed no impact on binding to FcRn. On the other hand, afucosylation only impacted binding to FcγRIIIa and FcγRIIIb. Methionine oxidation at levels below 7%, multiple freeze/thaw cycles and short‐term thermal/shake stress did not influence binding to any of the Fc receptors. The presence of high molecular weight species, or aggregates, disturbed measurements in these binding assays; up to 5% of aggregates in IgG samples changed the binding and kinetics to each of the Fc receptors. Overall, the screening assays described in this manuscript prove that rapid and multiplexed binding assays may be a valuable tool for lead optimization, process development, in‐process controls, and biosimilarity assessment of IgGs during development and manufacturing of therapeutic IgGs.
Occupation and Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From a Population‐Based Case–Control Study
Authors: Ilar Anna , Alfredsson Lars , Wiebert Pernilla , Klareskog Lars , Bengtsson Camilla
Published: August 2017

Objective

Environmental factors are of importance for the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but much remains unknown concerning the contributions from distinct occupational hazards. We explored the association between occupation and the risk of anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)+ RA or ACPA− RA.

Methods

We analyzed 3,522 cases and 5,580 controls from the Swedish population–based Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis case–control study. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on work history and lifestyle factors. Blood samples were drawn for serologic analyses. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of RA associated with the last occupation before study inclusion. Analyses were performed with adjustments for known environmental exposures and lifestyle factors, including pack‐years of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, body mass index, and education.

Results

Among men, bricklayers and concrete workers (OR 2.9, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.4–5.7), material handling operators (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3–4.4), and electrical and electronics workers (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.8) had an increased risk of ACPA+ RA. For ACPA− RA, bricklayers and concrete workers (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.0–5.7) and electrical and electronics workers (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3–5.0) had an increased risk. Among women, assistant nurses and attendants had a moderately increased risk of ACPA+ RA (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6). No occupations were significantly associated with ACPA− RA among women.

Conclusion

Mainly occupations related to potential noxious airborne agents were associated with an increased risk of ACPA+ or ACPA− RA, after adjustments for previously known confounders.
Rapid, Point‐of‐Care, Paper‐Based Plasmonic Biosensor for Zika Virus Diagnosis
Authors: Jiang Qisheng , Chandar Yatin J. , Cao Sisi , Kharasch Evan D. , Singamaneni Srikanth , Morrissey Jeremiah J.
Published: August 2017

Zika virus (ZIKV) is an increasing global health challenge. There is an urgent need for rapid, low‐cost, and accurate diagnostic tests that can be broadly distributed and applied in pandemic regions. Here, an innovative, adaptable, and rapidly deployable bioplasmonic paper‐based device (BPD) is demonstrated for the detection of ZIKV infection, via quantification of serum anti‐ZIKV‐nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) IgG and IgM. BPD is based on ZIKV‐NS1 protein as a capture element and gold nanorods as plasmonic nanotransducers. The BPD displays excellent sensitivity and selectivity to both anti‐ZIKV‐NS1 IgG and IgM in human serum. In addition, excellent stability of BPDs at room and even elevated temperature for one month is achieved by metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based biopreservation. MOF‐based preservation obviates the need for device refrigeration during transport and storage, thus enabling their use in point‐of‐care and resource‐limited settings for ZIKV surveillance. Furthermore, the versatile design (interchangeable recognition element) of BPDs more generally enables their ready adaptation to diagnose other emerging infectious diseases.
Negative Polaron‐Stabilizing Host for Improved Operational Lifetime in Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Byeon Sung Yong , Han Si Hyun , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: August 2017

Negative polaron stabilizing host materials for blue phosphorescence organic light‐emitting diodes are synthesized by modifying carbazolylcarbazole with dibenzothiophene or 9‐phenylcarbazole. The host materials show high triplet energy above 2.95 eV and work as hole transport type hosts. Operational lifetime analysis of the blue devices with the two hosts demonstrates that the dibenzothiophene modified carbazolylcarbazole host functions better than the 9‐phenylcarbazole modified carbazolylcarbazole host. Improved negative polaron stability from bond dissociation energy calculation and single carrier aging test results is the main factor for the lifetime extension in the dibenzothiophene modified carbazolylcarbazole host based blue phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes.
Giant Enhancement of Luminescence from Phosphors through Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Mediated Chemical Pressure Relaxation
Authors: Zhang Kai , Ma Chong‐Geng , Zhang Jun‐Ying , Liu Bo‐Mei , Zhou Yang , Guo Shao‐Qiang , Xu Jia‐Yue , Hou Jing‐Shan , Fang Yong‐Zheng , Zheng Li‐Rong , Sun Hong‐Tao
Published: August 2017

Relaxing chemical pressure in phosphors with large‐size‐mismatched dopants, aiming at attaining high‐efficiency luminescence and a higher dopant concentration, remains a challenging subject of continuous research effort. Originally seen as undesirable and detrimental to the performance of luminescent systems, this study demonstrates that the formation of a tiny amount of oxygen vacancies favors chemical pressure relaxation (CPR), resulting in topotactic transformation of poorly luminescent parent phases to highly luminescent cousins, as exemplified by a model system of Bi3+‐doped Lu2O3. The integration of experimental observations with theoretical calculations reveals that the emergence of oxygen vacancies adjacent to Bi3+ can expand its size of coordination geometry, thus releasing the chemical pressure and significantly influencing the emission characteristics. Importantly, it is illustrated that the concept of oxygen‐vacancy‐mediated CPR is sufficiently general to allow the optimization of luminescence from other classes of foreign‐ion‐doped phosphors plagued by size mismatch. It is suggested that this concept can be applied to an array of optical materials in various forms, and also provides unique opportunities for tuning other properties of functional materials that are sensitive to local coordination environments of dopants.
Vitamin D levels in Smith‐Lemli‐Opitz syndrome
Authors: Movassaghi Miyad , Bianconi Simona , Feinn Richard , Wassif Christopher A. , Porter Forbes D.
Published: August 2017

Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an autosomal recessive congenital malformation syndrome caused by mutations in the 7‐dehydrocholesterol reductase gene. This inborn error of cholesterol synthesis leads to elevated concentrations of 7‐dehydrocholesterol (7‐DHC). 7‐DHC also serves as the precursor for vitamin D synthesis. Limited data is available on vitamin D levels in individuals with SLOS. Due to elevated concentrations of 7‐DHC, we hypothesized that vitamin D status would be abnormal and possibly reach toxic levels in patients with SLOS. Through a retrospective analysis of medical records between 1998 and 2006, we assessed markers of vitamin D and calcium metabolism from 53 pediatric SLOS patients and 867 pediatric patients who were admitted to the NIH Clinical Center (NIHCC) during the same time period. SLOS patients had significantly higher levels of 25(OH)D (48.06 ± 19.53 ng/ml, p < 0.01) across all seasons in comparison to the NIHCC pediatric patients (30.51 ± 16.14 ng/ml). Controlling for season and age of blood draw, 25(OH)D levels were, on average, 15.96 ng/ml (95%CI 13.95–17.90) higher in SLOS patients. Although, mean calcium values for both patient cohorts never exceeded the normal clinical reference range (8.6–10.2 mg/dl), the levels were higher in the SLOS cohort (9.49 ± 0.56 mg/dl, p < 0.01) compared to the NIHCC patients (9.25 ± 0.68 mg/dl). Overall, in comparison to the control cohort, individuals with SLOS have significantly higher concentrations of 25(OH)D that may be explained by elevated concentrations of serum 7‐DHC. Despite the elevated vitamin D levels, there was no laboratory or clinical evidence of vitamin D toxicity.
Natural history of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease during childhood
Authors: Cornett Kayla M.D. , Menezes Manoj P. , Shy Rosemary R. , Moroni Isabella , Pagliano Emanuela , Pareyson Davide , Estilow Timothy , Yum Sabrina W. , Bhandari Trupti , Muntoni Francesco , Laura Matilde , Reilly Mary M. , Finkel Richard S. , Eichinger Kate J. , Herrmann David N. , Bray Paula , Halaki Mark , Shy Michael E. , Burns Joshua ,   for the CMTPedS Study Group
Published: August 2017

Objective

To determine the rate of disease progression in a longitudinal natural history study of children with Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease.

Methods

Two hundred six (103 female) participants aged 3 to 20 years enrolled in the Inherited Neuropathies Consortium were assessed at baseline and 2 years. Demographic, anthropometric, and diagnostic information were collected. Disease progression was assessed with the CMT Pediatric Scale (CMTPedS), a reliable Rasch‐built linearly weighted disability scale evaluating fine and gross motor function, strength, sensation, and balance.

Results

On average, CMTPedS Total scores progressed at a rate of 2.4 ± 4.9 over 2 years (14% change from baseline; p < 0.001). There was no difference between males and females (mean difference, 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.9 to 1.9; p = 0.49). The most responsive CMTPedS items were dorsiflexion strength (z‐score change, −0.3; 95% CI, −0.6 to −0.05; p = 0.02), balance (z‐score change, −1.0; 95% CI, −1.9 to −0.09; p = 0.03), and long jump (z‐score change, −0.4; 95% CI, −0.7 to −0.02; p = 0.04). Of the most common genetic subtypes, 111 participants with CMT1A/PMP22 duplication progressed by 1.8 ± 4.2 (12% change from baseline; p < 0.001), 9 participants with CMT1B/MPZ mutation progressed by 2.2 ± 5.1 (11% change), 6 participants with CMT2A/MFN2 mutation progressed by 6.2 ± 7.9 (23% change), and 7 participants with CMT4C/SH3TC2 mutations progressed by 3.0 ± 4.5 (12% change). Participants with CMT2A progressed faster than CMT1A (mean difference, −4.4; 95% CI, −8.1 to −0.8; p = 0.02). Children with CMT1A progressed consistently through early childhood (3–10 years) and adolescence (11–20 years; mean difference, 1.1; 95% CI, −0.6 to 2.7; p = 0.19), whereas CMT2A appeared to progress faster during early childhood than adolescence (mean difference, 10.0; 95% CI, −2.2 to 22.2; p = 0.08).

Interpretation

Using the CMTPedS as an outcome measure of disease severity, children with CMT progress at a significant rate over 2 years. Understanding the rate at which children with CMT deteriorate is essential for adequately powering trials of disease‐modifying interventions. Ann Neurol 2017;82:353–359
Enzyme Activation with a Synthetic Catalytic Co‐enzyme Intermediate: Nucleotide Methylation by Flavoenzymes
Authors: Bou‐Nader Charles , Cornu David , Guerineau Vincent , Fogeron Thibault , Fontecave Marc , Hamdane Djemel
Published: August 2017

To facilitate production of functional enzymes and to study their mechanisms, especially in the complex cases of coenzyme‐dependent systems, activation of an inactive apoenzyme preparation with a catalytically competent coenzyme intermediate is an attractive strategy. This is illustrated with the simple chemical synthesis of a flavin‐methylene iminium compound previously proposed as a key intermediate in the catalytic cycle of several important flavoenzymes involved in nucleic acid metabolism. Reconstitution of both flavin‐dependent RNA methyltransferase and thymidylate synthase apoproteins with this synthetic compound led to active enzymes for the C5‐uracil methylation within their respective transfer RNA and dUMP substrate. This strategy is expected to be of general application in enzymology.
Prediction of shorter oligonucleotide sequences recognizing aflatoxin M1
Authors: Pandey Amit Kumar , Rajput Yudhishthir Singh , Singh Dheer , Sharma Rajan
Published: August 2017

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is present in milk of lactating animals fed on aflatoxin B1 contaminated feeds. Aptamers are new emerging ligand molecules and can be employed in assay protocols. Shorter aptamers have several advantages. Untruncated (72‐nucleotide long) and truncated (18‐ to 42‐nucleotide long) aptamers were evaluated for AFM1 recognition that was detected by color change in aptamer‐conjugated gold nanoparticles in the presence of AFM1. Truncation of 10 aptamers was designed to retain motifs. Untruncated and truncated aptamers recognized AFM1. Binding region on truncated aptamers was predicted by aligning sequences with reported aptamer “ACTGCTAGAGATTTTCCACAT”. Aptamer “AFAS3Tr” (ATCCGTCACACCTGCTCTGACGCTGGGGTCGACCCGGAGA), APM15Tr (CAACGCCAGTCAGTATCTTATATGCTATACTGGCTGGTGTTG), AFA4Tr (AAAA‐ACACTATGTAGTGGTGT), AFAM7Tr (CCGGCGGATGCTAATTGCAGAGCAGGTGTGCCGG), and APM6Tr (AAAAATAATTCTAGGTTA) derived from random region of oligonucleotide library had strong homology with 8‐nucleotide (ACTGCTAG) sequence at 5’ end of reported aptamer. Comparison of sequence alignment of each of five truncated aptamers with reported sequence has allowed concluding that CTGCTCTGACGCTG in AFAS3Tr, ACGCCAG in APM15Tr, ACTATGTAG in AFA4Tr, TGCTA in AFAM7Tr, AATTCTAG in APM6Tr, and ACTGCTAG in reported aptamer are probable binding regions in aptamers. Truncated aptamers APM15Tr, AFAS3Tr, AFAM7Tr, APM6Tr, AFA4Tr, and predicted shorter nucleotide sequences offer promise for further exploitation in developing sensitive methods for AFM1 measurement.
A Unity3D‐based interactive three‐dimensional virtual practice platform for chemical engineering
Authors: Ouyang Shu‐Guang , Wang Gang , Yao Jun‐Yan , Zhu Guang‐Heng‐Wei , Liu Zhao‐Yue , Feng Chi
Published: August 2017

This paper introduces an interactive Unity3D‐based three‐dimensional virtual practice platform for chemical‐engineering, which is intended to assist the chemical engineering students in their production practice. The real chemical plant sections are recreated in the virtual environment of the system. The system provides users with two kinds of walkthrough modes, demonstration of the structure and operation principle of some main equipment as well as the operating functions of setting up some major pumps and valves so as to strengthen the students’ understanding of the chemical process and train their operative ability. In addition, its virtual treatment of emergency can help to enhance the safety production awareness of the students and cultivate their ability to respond to unexpected emergency. The students’ feedback to our survey indicates that, despite some suggestions for further improvement, the virtual platform has more advantages and characteristics compared with traditional practice mode, and is effective in helping them understand the chemical process and equipment. What is more, some improvement has been made to perfect the system with students’ suggestions fully taken into consideration.
Facile Synthesis of Multiblock Copolymers Containing Sequence‐Controlled Peptides and Well‐Defined Vinyl Polymers by Nitroxide‐Mediated Polymerization
Authors: Nishimura Shin‐nosuke , Higashi Nobuyuki , Koga Tomoyuki
Published: August 2017

Precisely incorporating a wide range of structural and functional multiblocks along a polymer backbone is a significant challenge in polymer chemistry and offers promising opportunities to design highly ordered materials, including controlled polymer folding. Herein, a facile and versatile strategy for preparing functional multiblock copolymers composed of sequential peptides and well‐defined vinyl polymers with a narrow polydispersity is reported. Cyclic oligopeptides have been developed that contain an alkoxyamine bond in the framework. By using this type of cyclic initiator, peptide‐containing multiblock copolymers are successfully synthesized by nitroxide‐mediated polymerization of styrene. To demonstrate the versatility of this method, radical (co)polymerizations were carried out for different monomers (p‐chlorostyrene, 4‐vinylpyridine, and styrene/acrylonitrile) and by three different cyclic peptide initiators with specific amino acid sequences. The resultant multiblock copolymer is foldable through intramolecular interactions between peptide blocks. It is believed that this approach will significantly advance the field of controlled polymer synthesis for complex structures and single‐chain folding.