bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Degradation of Toluene and BTEX Compounds in Gas Reactor Modified by TiO2/Ti Net Nanotubes
Authors: Juliasari Ikha Rasti , Fatkhurrahman Januar Arif , Andriani Yose , Syahroni Cholid , Pratiwi Ningsih Ika , Suherman Alex L.
Published: September 2021

Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as toluene and BTEX gas, may cause severe impacts on the environment and long-term health problems for the workers. Industry must place this issue as a priority in supporting occupational health and efforts to minimize the environmental effects. However, many industries still have not paid more attention to degrading their industrial waste containing these compounds. Several studies on VOCs degradation in liquid and aerial media were developed in line with the rapid progress of nanomaterial technology. In this work, we have successfully synthesized TiO2/Ti Net nanotubes thin film resulted from anodization of Ti plate at 25 V vs Ag pseudo-reference electrode for eight hours and physically characterized by SEM/EDX and XRD. The activity test of photocatalysis was performed to determine the TiO2/Ti Net Nanotube's performance to degrade toluene steam and BTEX standard gas. Under the optimum experimental condition, the results showed that approximately 70% of toluene and 60% of BTEX standard gas were degraded in 120 min under the optimum experimental condition. The gas reactor generated approximately 400 ppm CO2 as a byproduct.
Discarded old antibiotics as a new arsenal for multi-resistant isolates in diabetic foot ulcer infections: Therapeutic value of parenteral Colistin versus multi-resistant Pseudomonas speciesisolate strains. Case Report
Authors: Shabhay Ahmed , Chilongola Jaffu O. , Mshana Stephen , Shabhay Zarina , Baal Jeff Van , Salewi Anande , Mwakyembe Theresia , Chilonga Kondo , Msuya David , Chugulu Samwel , Horumpende Pius
Published: September 2021

Background
Antimicrobial resistance to current novel antibiotics is posing a major threat to both human and zoonotic life. This poses a serious potential of rolling back to pre-antibiotic era clinical settings. Antimicrobial discovery pipeline has dried up as major pharmaceutical brands have shifted to long term chronic illness drugs production. In the absence of new novel antibiotics molecules, clinicians have resorted into a desperate last resort to review and re-introduce prior discarded antibiotics as their new weaponry in the fight against multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Case presentation:
We report a case of a 77 years old bed ridden diabetic and hypertensive with renal impairment diagnosed with bilateral lower limbs wet gangrene. She underwent transfemoral on her right and transtibial amputation on her left lower limb. She developed Surgical site infection on her right stump and wet gangrene on her left stump. Surgical toilet, debridement and stump revision was done on her right stump and a transfemoral amputation on her left lower limb. Pus swab on her right stump revealed carbapenem resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. She was instituted on parenteral colistin and showed no bacterial growth 7 days post treatment. She suffered an ischaemic cerebral vaso-occlusive stroke during her hospital stay. CT angiography revealed distal infra-renal abdominal aorta multiple calcified plaques, multiple calcified plaques and completely obstructing thrombus both on common and external iliac arteries, seen downstream to both superficial femoral arteries with multiple collaterals in both thighs. The included portion of the lower lung fields showed a large filling defect in the right main pulmonary artery extending to the lower lobe branches suggestive of right-sided pulmonary embolism. She developed hypostatic pneumonia, bed sores and her condition deteriorated and she unfortunately succumbed from her comorbidities. Despite our patient succumbing to her multiple co-morbidities we report this case to highlight the isolation of carbapenem resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the efficacy and safety of colistin as a salvage antibiotic in renal impaired patients.
Conclusions
Colistin can be safely used as a last reserve antibiotic for multi-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection even in patients with renal impairment.
Clinicopathological Progress of Colorectal Resection in Gynecological Malignancy Patients : Does the risk of anastomotic leakage increase after surgery?
Authors: Kang Ayoung , Park Byung-Soo , Cho Sung Hwan , Son Gyung Mo , Song Yong Jung , Kim Hyun Sung
Published: September 2021

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the clinicopathological outcomes of colorectal resection in patients with advanced gynecological malignancies.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 104 patients of gynecological cancer with co-operation for colorectal resection from December 2008 to August 2020 by retrospective cohort study in a single center (PNUYH). Variables for risk factors and postoperative complications were compared by descriptive statistics. We excluded the cases with malignancies from other than female genital organs, gynecological benign diseases, primary creation of stoma, and any other bowel surgeries except colorectal resection.Results: Of 104 patients in total, the mean age was 62.0 years. The most common gynecological malignancy was ovarian cancer(85 patients, 81.7%) and the most commonly performed operation was low anterior resection(80 patients, 76.9%). 61 patients(58.7%) had postoperative complications, while only 3 patients(2.9%) with anastomotic leakage. Only preoperative albumin was statistically significant(p=0.019) among the risk factors.Conclusion: Our experience suggests that colorectal resection can be safely and efficaciously performed in patients with advanced gynecological malignancy.
Prevalence of specific and recurrent/founder pathogenic variants in BRCA genes in breast and ovarian cancer in North Africa
Authors: Elbiad Oubaida , Laraqui Abdelilah , Boukhrissi Fatima , Mounjid Chaimae , Lamsissi Meryam , Elannaz Hicham , Lahlou Amine Idriss , Kouach Jaouad , Benchekroune Khadija , Oukabli Mohammed , Sbitti Yassir , Chahdi Hafsa , Ennaji Moulay Mustapha , Tanz Rachid , Ichou Mohammed , Ennibi Khalid , Badaoui Bouabid , Sekhsokh Yassine
Published: September 2021

Background
Elucidation of specific and recurrent/founder pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA (BRCA1 and BRCA2) genes can have an impact on breast cancer (BC) and/or ovarian cancer (OC) risk, making genetic testing affordable and accessible.
Methods
To establish the knowledge about BRCA PVs and to determine the prevalence of the specific and recurrent/founder variants in BRCA genes in BC and/or OC women in North Africa, a systematic review was conducted in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.
Results
Search of the databases yielded 25 relevant references, including eleven studies in Morocco, five in Algeria, and nine in Tunisia. Overall, 15 studies investigated both BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, four studies examined the entire coding region of the BRCA1 gene, and six studies in which the analysis was limited to a few BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 exons. Overall, 76 PVs (44 in BRCA1 and 32 in BRCA2) were identified in 196 BC and/or OC patients (129 BRCA1 and 67 BRCA2 carriers). Eighteen of the 76 (23.7%) PVs [10/44 (22.7%) in BRCA1 and 8/32 (25%) in BRCA2] were reported for the first time and considered to be novel PVs. Among those identified as unlikely to be of North African origin, the BRCA1 c.68_69del and BRCA1 c.5266dupC Jewish founder alleles and PVs that have been reported as recurrent/founder variants in European populations (ex: BRCA1 c.181T > G, BRCA1 c1016dupA). The most well characterized PVs are four in BRCA1 gene [c.211dupA (14.7%), c.798_799detTT (14%), c.5266dup (8.5%), c.5309G > T (7.8%), c.3279delC (4.7%)] and one in BRCA2 [c.1310_1313detAAGA (38.9%)]. The c.211dupA and c.5309G > T PVs were identified as specific founder variants in Tunisia and Morocco, accounting for 35.2% (19/54) and 20.4% (10/49) of total established BRCA1 PVs, respectively. c.798_799delTT variant was identified in 14% (18/129) of all BRCA1 North African carriers, suggesting a founder allele. A broad spectrum of recurrent variants including BRCA1 3279delC, BRCA1 c.5266dup and BRCA2 c.1310_1313detAAGA was detected in 42 patients. BRCA1 founder variants explain around 36.4% (47/129) of BC and outnumber BRCA2 founder variants by a ratio of ≈ 3:1.
Conclusion
Testing BC and/or OC patients for the panel of specific and recurrent/founder PVs might be the most cost-effective molecular diagnosis strategy.
Epidemiological Characteristics and Risk Factors of Obstetric Infection After the Universal Two-child Policy in North China: A 5-year Retrospective Study Based on 268, 311 Cases
Authors: Huiqing Yuan , Yuan Huiqing , Zhang Cui , Fan Songli , Shi Zijia , Liao Fang , Wang Shuo , Jin Ying , Wang Li
Published: September 2021

PurposeObstetrical infection is one of the causes of maternal death and a difficult problem for many clinicians. Changes in the demographic and obstetric background of pregnant women following the Universal Two-Child Policy may have an impact on some fertility phenomena. Therefore, more studies based on the change of fertility policy are needed. We try to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of obstetric infection before and after the Universal Two-Child Policy, with a view to providing reference for the prevention and control of obstetric infection in regions after the change of fertility policy. MethodsThe subjects of the survey were 268,311 pregnant women from Hebei Province Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System (HBMNMSS) of Hebei Women and Children's Health Center from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. We analyzed the region , time and population distribution characteristics of obstetric infection, compared the epidemiological factors of obstetric infection before and after the Universal Two-Child Policy , and analyzed the relevant risk factors of obstetric infection. ResultsThe incidence of obstetric infection increased nearly twice after the Universal Two-Child Policy. The incidence of obstetric infection was highest in Chengde(1.9%), a city with a northward geographical distribution, Baoding (1.6%), Cangzhou (1.5%) followed; The higher the hospital grade, the higher the incidence; The incidence of obstetric infections in hospitals at all levels has increased; The age of onset before the Universal Two-Child Policy was (27.82±5.047) years old, and the age after the Universal Two-Child Policy was (28.97±4.880) years old; The incidence of obstetric infections is higher in winter. The rate of abortion-related infection (increased from 0.61% to 1.65%) and the rate of pregnant women with high school education (increased from 0.35% to 0.74%) increased significantly. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis after the Universal Two-Child Policy showed that anemia (OR=1.249, 95%CI: 1.071-1.458), chronic hypertension (OR=1.934, 95%CI: 1.375-2.722), mild preeclampsia (OR=2.103, 95%CI: 1.323-3.344) and severe preeclampsia (OR=2.228, 95%CI: 1.703-2.916) were independent risk factors for obstetric infection. Gestational age ≥37 weeks was a protective factor. Conclusions﻿After the Universal Two-Child Policy, the prevention and control of obstetric infections should be strengthened, especially for abortion-related infections and elderly maternal with obstetric complications and complication in high-grade hospitals in winter. Educational background is also one of the factors that should be considered in the prevention of obstetric sensation. Prolonging gestational age is helpful to reduce the incidence of obstetric infection.
Percepta Genomic Sequencing Classifier And Decision-Making In Patients With High-Risk Lung Nodules: A Decision Impact Study
Authors: Sonali Sethi , Oh Scott , Chen Alexander , Bellinger Christina , Lofaro Lori , Johnson Marla , Huang Jing , Bhorade Sangeeta Maruti , Bulman William , Kennedy Giulia C.
Published: September 2021

Background: Incidental and screening-identified lung nodules are common, and a bronchoscopic evaluation is frequently nondiagnostic. The Percepta Genomic Sequencing Classifier (GSC) is a genomic classifier developed in current and former smokers which can be used for further risk stratification in these patients. Percepta GSC has the capability of up-classifying patients with a pre-bronchoscopy risk that is high (>60%) to “very high risk” with a positive predictive value of 91.5%. This prospective, randomized decision impact survey was designed to test the hypothesis that an up-classification of risk of malignancy from high to very high will increase the rate of referral for surgical or ablative therapy without additional intervening procedures while increasing physician confidence.Methods: Data were collected from 37 cases from the Percepta GSC validation cohort in which the pre-bronchoscopy risk of malignancy was high (>60%), the bronchoscopy was nondiagnostic, and the patient was up-classified to very high risk by Percepta GSC. The cases were randomly presented to U.S pulmonologists in three formats: a pre-post cohort where each case is presented initially without and then with a GSG result, and two independent cohorts where each case is presented either with or without with a GSC result. Physicians were surveyed with respect to subsequent management steps and confidence in that decision.Results: One hundred and one survey takers provided a total of 1341 evaluations of the 37 patient cases across the three different cohorts. The rate of recommendation for surgical resection was significantly higher in the independent cohort with a GSC result compared to the independent cohort without a GSC result (45% vs. 17%, p<0.001) In the pre-post cross-over cohort, the rate increased from 17% to 56% (p<0.001) following the review of the GSC result. A GSC up-classification from high to very high risk of malignancy increased Pulmonologists’ confidence in decision-making following a nondiagnostic bronchoscopy.Conclusions: Use of the Percepta GSC classifier will allow more patients with early lung cancer to proceed more rapidly to potentially curative therapy while decreasing unnecessary intervening diagnostic procedures following a nondiagnostic bronchoscopy.Trial registration: not applicable
Exploring the Effect of Nightly Infusion Pump Alarms on Sleep in the Hospital
Authors: Kooten Jojanneke AMC van , Koomen Erik , de Ven Kees P. van , Patel Mit , Grotel Martine van , Grootenhuis Martha A. , Litsenburg Raphaële R.L. van
Published: September 2021

Purpose

Optimal sleep helps parents and children cope with life-threatening disease. However, hospital-surroundings are noisy, negatively affecting sleep quality and quantity. We aimed to determine sleep quantity; sleep satisfaction; their relation to infusionpump alarms in pediatric cancer patients and parents; and sleep quality and daytime impairment in parents.
Methods

Patients (2–18 years), admitted for scheduled anti-cancer therapy were eligible, as were inrooming parents. Frequency and duration of nightly infusion pump alarms were recorded. Patients and parents wore an accelerometer to assess sleep quantity (sleep efficiency, wake after sleep onset, night awakenings), additionally daily sleep satisfaction was assessed. Parents filled out questionnaires on sleep quality (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance, Insomnia Severity Index) and daytime impairment (PROMIS Sleep-Related Impairment, PROMIS Fatigue). Sleep quality scores were compared to norms. In children and parents the relation between alarms and sleep was assessed using multilevel analyses.
Results

Nineteen children (age 8.8 ± 4.9 years, 40 nights) and 30 parents (age 41.1 ± 6.3, 46 nights) participated (response 78%). Nightly alarms sounded median 3 times / 6 minutes in parents and 5 times / 10 minutes in children. Parents scored worse than the norm on sleep disturbances (P .01), but not on daytime impairment, 16% experienced clinical insomnia. There was no relation between alarms and sleep quantity or satisfaction for children and parents.
Conclusions

This explorative study showed that alarms sound frequently at night and parents sleep poorly during admissions. However, sleep of children and parents and alarms were not significantly related here. Future research should identify and improve (other) disrupting factors in the hospital.
Hydrogeochemical Responses of Cave Drip Water to the Local Climate in Liangfeng Cave, Southwest China
Authors: Wu Xia , Pan Moucheng , Zhang Meiliang , Cao Jianhua
Published: September 2021

The hydrogeochemistry of cave drip water is an important environmental index in cave systems, and drip water monitoring may be an essential solution for paleoclimate reconstructions. We measured the hydrogeochemical properties of the seasonal and perennial drip water and CO2 concentrations from 2015 to 2019 in Liangfeng Cave, Guilin, Southwest China. This study identified the difference in the regional environmental records in perennial and seasonal drip water. By comparing the regional climate data recorded by the drip water, the results showed the perennial drip water recorded regional climate information throughout the year, while the seasonal drip water only recorded the high precipitation periods. The precipitation during the 2015 dry season was abnormally high, which not sure what index is higher than the values in other rainy seasons. This indicates that hydrogeochemistry only represents changes in precipitation and not the alternation of dry and rainy seasons during this period.
A New Measure of Population Health in a Complex Sampling Survey: The 2019 Georgia Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey – Unweighted, Weighted, and Imputed Weighted Data
Authors: Li Changle , Miles Toni , Shen Ye , Bayakly Rana , Ido Moses , Khan M Mahmoud
Published: September 2021

Background: Measuring population health requires a well-defined denominator. The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) is designed to provide one for state-level populations. In 2019, the U.S. state of Georgia tested a new module to study recent bereavement among its 8.1 million residents aged 18 years and older. This is the first population-level assessment of bereavement. In BRFSS, bereavement is defined as the fact of a death. The term grief is not used because it denotes emotions related to that death. There is evidence from cohort studies linking new bereavement to subsequent mortality and health care utilization. Methods: BRFSS data are obtained using list-assisted, random digit dialing from the non-institutionalized population aged 18 years and older within primary statistical units. Data came from both landline telephones and cellular phones. Three questions were added to the end of the latest BRFSS asking about death of family or friend in 2018 or 2019. To evaluate data from this new module, the report presents three statistical approaches - unweighted panel data, weighted data, and weighted data using multiple imputation of missing responses. The estimated prevalence of bereavement and its standard error under each data scenario is calculated. Results: The threat to the validity of data from this new module are bias due to small samples and missingness. The unweighted panel contains 5,206 persons (70.9 percent response). Among these, 2,396 persons (46.0 %) responded ‘Yes’ to ‘Have you experienced the death of a family member or close friend in the years 2018 or 2019? To estimate the size of the population, weights are applied. With weighted data and removal of missing responses yields a prevalence of 45.56 % (SE = 1.13) with a population estimate of 4,937,056 persons. Using multiple imputation to keep missing responses, the prevalence is 45.80 % (SE = 1.18) with a denominator of 8,164,018 persons. Conclusions: New bereavement can be ascertained in a surveillance survey without bias due to refusals. Multiple imputation provides a population size estimate that is comparable to U.S. Census bureau. More field testing is required to replicate these results in other states.
Determinants of Associated Events Following AZD1222 (Covishield) Vaccination in a High-Risk Population in Nepal
Authors: Poudel Kapil Madi , Shah Neha , Prakash Manab , Deo Santosh Kumar , Bhandari Sunita , Poudel Tika Ram
Published: September 2021

Background: Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent the spread of infectious diseases and helps reduce mortality rate and economic costs associated with the pandemic. Despite these advantages, misinformation and rumors on vaccine safety and efficacy can lead to increased hesitation or fear towards vaccination. This study reports the incidence of adverse events following Covishield vaccination, their associated factors, medication used for their management, and attitudes about vaccine safety. Methods: A randomised cross-sectional study was conducted from the sample of Covishield-vaccinated individuals from a secondary hospital, two primary health centres, and 36 health posts in eastern Nepal. Individuals (n = 602) were randomly sampled from a population (N = 1013) who had received the first dose of Covishield, namely frontline workers and other high-risk populations. The second-round follow-up had 516 participants. Association of incidence and severity of post-vaccination events with socio-demographic variables, comorbidity status, and medication use were estimated. Results: Among the 79.9% of participants who reported adverse events after receiving the first dose, two-thirds of complaints were mild (67.4%, 95% CI 63.2–71.6) with the most common complaint being pain at the injection site (86.5%). Paracetamol or its combination were used in majority cases (95.2%). After the second dose, only 31.2% (95% CI 27.2–35.2) reported adverse events, the overwhelming majority of which were mild (95.7%) and required a lower frequency of medication (7.4% vs. 25.9%). Adverse Event following immunization were significantly associated with being 18–30 years old (χ2 = 16.9, df = 3, p < 0.001) and female gender (χ2 = 5.2, df = 1, p < 0.05). Prior to the first dose, 86.0% of participants (95% CI 83.3–88.8%) perceived the vaccine to be safe, and 96.0% recommended the vaccine post-vaccination, while 96.8% were interested in receiving the second dose.Conclusions: Overall, vaccination associated events were mild and majority were managed with paracetamol or its combination. Effective counselling about adverse events before vaccination should be prioritised to reduce hesitation and fear.
Is There a Difference in The “Out-Of-Pocket” Costs of Cancer Treatment When Comparing Patients From The Brazilian National Health System With Patients Enrolled in Clinical Research Protocols?
Authors: Artioli Thiago , Turke Karine Corcione , Sarafyan Aline Hernandez Marquez , Ortolani Beatriz Boos , von Schmadel Ingrid Victoria Maria Biondo Edle , Ferreira Lucas Alves Domiciano , Silva Eduardo Couto , Cruz Isabel Pinho Mariano da , Pagani Julye Tainah de Fatima Seminari , Monteiro Pamela dos Santos , Turke Camille Corcione , Cubero Daniel de Iracema , Sette Cláudia Vaz de Melo , Giglio Auro del
Published: September 2021

Introduction:

Economic burden of cancer treatment does not fall only on the Brazilian National Health System (“SUS”) but also on patients. Nonreimbursed indirect costs include noncovered oral medications, food, transportation, and others. Our study compares out-of-pocket costs of cancer treatment between patients from the SUS and patients enrolled in research protocols.
Methods

Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study conducted in 2021. Patients undergoing chemotherapy were divided into 2 groups: patients from a tertiary hospital affiliated with the SUS and patients enrolled in research protocols at a research center. The primary outcome was the evaluation of out-of-pocket costs using a socioeconomic questionnaire to identify the cost and time spent by patients during treatment. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee.
Results

195 patients were included, of whom 165 (84.6%) were treated by the SUS and 30 (15.4%) by research protocols. Of the total, 61% were female, and the mean age of the patients was 57 years. The median total out-of-pocket costs of SUS patients was Brazilian reais (R$) 453.80 (US$ 78.92), and that of patients who were enrolled in research protocols was R$ 448.00 (US$ 77.91) (P = 0.317). A comparison of the groups by multivariate analysis showed that only the time spent by patients on chemotherapy and radiotherapy was significantly different, being higher in the SUS group (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.03–6.50).
Conclusion

Total out-of-pocket spending by SUS patients is similar in magnitude to that by patients in research protocols, although the reasons for the spending are different.
Extracellular Vesicles and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Systematic Review
Authors: Gomez Nancy , James Victoria , Onion David , Fairclough Lucy
Published: September 2021

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by irreversible airflow limitation, ranking the third highest cause of death worldwide. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important intercellular communication mediators released by cells into their extracellular environment with the capacity to transfer biological signals. EVs involved in COPD hold great potential to understand disease pathogenesis and identify important biomarkers. This systematic review aims to examine all available research on EVs in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of COPD to identify existing knowledge and support further research within the field. Methods: Publications were searched using PubMed and EMBASE with the search terms (Exosomes or extracellular vesicles or microvesicles or microparticles or ectosomes) AND (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD or emphysema or bronchitis). Results: Initial search yielded 358 papers of which 94 were manually selected for review and 27 were eligible for analyses. The studies were divided into groups according to the role of EVs in pathogenesis, EV origin and cargo, their role in COPD exacerbations and their diagnostic utility. EVs were found to be involved in the mechanism of pathogenesis of COPD, derived from various cell types, as well as containing modified levels of miRNAs. EVs also varied according to the pathophysiological status of disease, therefore presenting a possible method for COPD diagnosis and progress monitoring. Conclusion: The current findings show the limited but good quality research looking at the role of EVs in COPD, demonstrating the need for more studies to better define and provide further insight into the functional characteristics of EV in COPD pathogenesis.
Regulating Surface and Local Chemistry in High Na-content P2-type Cathode to Achieve Ultrahigh Power and Low Temperature Sodium Storage
Authors: Shi Qinhao , Qi Ruijuan , Feng Xiaochen , Wang Jing , Li Yong , Yao Zhenpeng , Wang Xuan , Li Qianqian , Lu Xionggang , Zhang Jiujun , Zhao Yufeng
Published: September 2021

Application of sodium ion batteries in grid-scale energy storage demands electrode materials that facilitate fast and stable charge storage from room-temperature to sub-zero temperature range. The key issues that hinder P2-type layered oxides from achieving such goals are their unsatisfied charge transfer kinetics and unavoidable surface fading. Herein, we report a P2-type Na0.78Ni0.31Mn0.67Nb0.02O2 whereby the trace Nb substitution simultaneously reduces the electronic band gap and ionic diffusion energy barrier, thus enables fast electron and Na+ mobility (~10-9 cm s-1 at -40 °C). While the Nb induced atomic-scale surface pre-construction efficiently prevents the electrolyte penetration and surface metal dissolution. The material demonstrates a record high rate capability (50 C), unprecedented low temperature performance and ultrahigh cycling stability (98% capacity retention at -40 °C with 76% capacity remaining after 1800 cycles). Different from literatures, this work shows that complete solid-solution is not always critical for high rate performance.
Barriers and Facilitative Factors in the Implementation of Workplace Health Promotion Activities in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Saito Junko , Odawara Miyuki , Takahashi Hirokazu , Fujimori Maiko , Yaguchi-Saito Akiko , Inoue Manami , Uchitomi Yosuke , Shimazu Taichi
Published: September 2021

Background: It is reasonable to target small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as a workplace to promote the implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for reducing health inequalities. Previous literature reveals various barriers that SMEs face during implementation, such as a lack of time, accessibility, and resources. However, few studies have comprehensively examined those influential factors at multi-levels. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the implementation of non-communicable disease prevention activities (tobacco, alcohol, diet, physical activity, and health check-up) in SMEs using Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Methods: We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with health managers and/or employers in 15 enterprise, and four focus groups among public health nurses/nutritionists of health insurers who support SMEs in four prefectures across Japan. A qualitative content analysis by a deductive directed approach was performed. After coding the interview transcript text into the CFIR framework constructs by two independent researchers, the coding results were compared and revised in each enterprise until an agreement was reached.Results: Of the 39 CFIR constructs, 25 were facilitative and 7 were inhibitory for workplace health promotion implementation in SMEs, which were across individual, internal, and external levels. In particular, the leadership engagement of employers in implementing the workplace health promotion activities was identified as a fundamental factor which may influence other facilitators, including “access to knowledge and information,” “relative priority,” “learning climate,” at organizational level, and “self-efficacy” at health manager level. The main barrier was the beliefs held by the employer/manager that “health management is one's own responsibility.” Conclusions: Multi-level factors influencing the implementation of non-communicable diseases prevention activities in SMEs were identified. In resource-poor settings, strong endorsement and support, and positive feedback from employers would be important for health managers and employees to be highly motivated and promote or participate in health promotion. Future studies are needed to develop context-specific strategies based on identified barriers and facilitative factors, and empirically evaluate them, which would contribute to narrowing the inequalities in worksite health promotion implementation by company size.
Comprehensive Analysis of Hub Genes In Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yang Zhi , MI JUN
Published: September 2021

Abstract：The present study aims to explore the involvement of hub genes in prostate cancer (PCa). Three series were used in this study: GSE46602, GSE5377, and GSE8511 from GPL570 platform in the Gene Expression Omnibus and the other resources from The Cancer Genome Atlas and UCSC Xena. A total of 47 differentially expressed genes (DEGs)from 77 patients with PCa and normal individuals were selected in this study. Cytoscape revealed 21 central nodes with 20 edges from the 47 DEGs genes. PCA3, SIM2, AMACR, HOXB6, ERG and TOP2A were overexpressed and correlated in prostate cancer cells and tumors. These findings suggest that PCA3 and TOP2A might help explore the prognosis and diagnostic markers of PCa.Purpose: The gene audition was completed using R software and Venn diagrams. The outcome, Gene Ontology enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes preliminary analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed using the R software. A string image was obtained using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was examined using Cytoscape software. The corrplot package was used to analyze the correlation of genes. Human Protein Atlas was used to confirm the protein levels. Univariate Cox regression was used to analyze whether these genes were related to survival. UALCAN was used to confirm the effect of these genes on patient survival[8].Results: A total of 47 differentially expressed genes from 77 patients with PCa and normal individuals were selected in this study. Cytoscape revealed 21 central nodes with 20 edges from the 47 DEGs genes. The overexpressed genes as PCA3, SIM2, AMACR, HOXB6, ERG and TOP2A were selected based on the cell cycle pathway. A significant correlation was found among the 6 DEGs. The transcription levels and protein levels of these genes were verified in cells and human tissue samples. The overall survival for these genes was analyzed using univariate Cox regression, UALCAN and UCSC Xena.Conclusion: PCA3, SIM2, AMACR, HOXB6, ERG and TOP2A were overexpressed and correlated in prostate cancer cells and tumors. PCA3 and TOP2A might help explore the prognosis and diagnostic markers of PCa.
Systematic Analysis of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs Reveals Effects of Xuefu-Zhuyu Decoction on Hippocampus of Rats after Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Dai Feng , Tang Tao , Lu Ruohuang , Li Pengfei , Feng Dandan , Hu Mingrui , Wang Yang , Gan Pingping
Published: September 2021

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common neurosurgical diseases which refers to brain function impairment or brain pathological changes induced by external causes. A traditional Chinese medicine, Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction (XFZYD), has been indicated to harbor therapeutic property against TBI. Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs i.e., tsRNAs (a group of small RNAs derived from tRNAs) are multifunctional regulatory non-coding RNAs generated under pressure and implicated in the progression of TBI.Methods: TBI model was successfully constructed by using of rats. Further using sequencing and omics to identify novel tsRNAs as drug targets for XFZYD therapy against TBI in rat hippocampus. qPCR assay was used to further verify the experimental results. GO analyzed the signaling pathways of downstream target genes of tsRNA in XFZYD regulated TBI model. qPCR was used to detect the influence of over-expressed tsRNA mimic/inhibitor on their target genes in PC12 cell.Results: Our RNA-Seq data illustrates that 11 tsRNAs were mediated by the XFZYD. The experimental data revealed AS-tDR-002004 and AS-tDR-002583 as potential targets for XFZYD therapy and influenced TBI via the cadherin signaling pathway, cocaine addiction, circadian entrainment and nicotine pharmacodynamics pathway. We also confirm that Pi4kb, Mlh3, Pcdh9, and Ppp1cb were targets genes of 2 XFZYD regulated tsRNAs in hippocampus of rat model and PC12 cells. Furthermore, biological function analysis revealing potential therapeutic effects of tsRNAs, and results found Mapk1, Gnai1 was the related genes of for XFZYD therapy against TBI.Conclusion: Our work successfully illuminates the efficiency of XFZYD for the treatment of TBI. The experimental data revealed AS-tDR-002004 and AS-tDR-002583 as potential targets for XFZYD therapy and influenced TBI via the cadherin signaling pathway, cocaine addiction, circadian entrainment and nicotine pharmacodynamics pathway in TBI rat model.
Treatment of Geriatric Acetabular Anterior Fractures: Role of “Frame and Buttress”
Authors: Wan Yizhou , Ma Yan , Yao Sheng , Zeng Lian , Wang Yulong , Huang Guixiong , Qu Yanzhen , Cao ShaoMing , Chen Kaifang , Guo Xiaodong
Published: September 2021

Background: As the rate of geriatric acetabular fractures was increasing gradually and accompanied with the quadrilateral surface(QLS) involved resulting by impacting from the head of femur, which usually leaded to the dislocation/subluxation of the head of femur and intra-pelvic medial displacement of the QLS. Traditionally, applying an infra-pectineal buttress plate in the true pelvis to resist the protrusive fragments of the QLS, however, these plates with small contact area could not provide enough buttress effect to age-related fractures. This study was to evaluate the “frame and buttress” fixation strategy for treatment of geriatric acetabular anterior fractures(GAAF).Methods: A cohort of 28 patients with acetabular fractures involving QLS were managed operatively with the “frame and buttress” fixation strategy with a single pelvic anterior approach. 7 cases were transverse, 3 cases were posterior column, 8 cases were associated both columns, 4 cases were anterior posterior hemi-transverse and 6 cases were T-type patterns fracture. The quality of reduction, functional outcomes and complicates were recorded for analyzing.Results: Functional outcomes were 15 cases in excellent; 9 cases were good; 3 cases were fair, and 1 case was poor. The quality of surgical reduction was evaluated by the Matta score system, which was graded as excellent in 17 cases, good in 9 cases and poor in 2 cases, respectively. No loss or failure of internal fixation, no second dislocation/subluxation of femoral head and no complications like infection were observed.Conclusions: The “frame and buttress” fixation strategy provided firm method for treating GAAF, the “frame” formed rigid fixation structure for acetabular fractures and the “buttress” resisted protrusive QLS.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Gender Based Violence Among Baso High School Female Students, 2020.
Authors: Mingude Alemu Basazin , Dejene Tadesse Mamo
Published: September 2021

Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is a common reproductive health problem especially in developing countries. It is still the first research priority area in Africa that is identified by World Health Organization. The main aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and determinants of Gender Based Violence among Baso high school female students in Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. A total of 350 female students were selected by stratified sampling technique. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Each independent variable was fitted separately into bivariate logistic analysis and Variables with p-values less than 0.25 in bivariable model were fitted into multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the degree of association with gender-based violence. The significance level was obtained with 95% CI and p-value < 0.05.Result: The prevalence of GBV during the lock down was 124 (36.2%; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.41), and the lifetime prevalence of GBV was 162(47.2%; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.53). The prevalence of life time sexual violence and physical violence were found to be 96 (27.99%; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.33), and 130 (37.99%; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.43), respectively. Sexual violence and physical violence during the lockdown were found to be 73 (21.28), and 61(17.78%), respectively. Respondents educational performance (AOR = 4.52; 95% CI: 1.82,11.3), monthly pocket money received from their parents (AOR = 2.97; 95% CI: 1.56,5.64), free discussion about reproductive issue(AOR = 2.72; 95% CI: 1.42,5.21), and experience of sexual intercourse(AOR = 13.22; 95% CI: 4.80, 36.37) were found to be determinants of gender based violence.Conclusion and recommendation: Gender Based Violence is still a significant sexual and reproductive health issue in Ethiopia. Governmental and non-governmental organizations should give due attention for this problem. Moreover, further large-scale studies are needed to estimate the national figure of GBV and to identify route causes.
Enhanced photocatalytic removal of nitric oxide over Ag-decorated ZnSn(OH)6 microcubes
Authors: Pham Minh-Thuan , Van Nguyen Thi , Nguyen Truc-Mai Thi , Tran Hong-Huy , Nguyen Hieu Trung , Jiang Jheng-Jie , You Sheng-Jie , Wang Ya-Fen
Published: September 2021

Presently, most of the population has been facing a string of severe climate change problems that primarily come from the intensive emission of nitric oxide (NO), which requires a practical approach to sustain our living conditions. Herein, Ag nanoparticles-decorated ZnSn(OH)6 microcubes (Ag:cZHS) photocatalysts were synthesized rapidly and used for photocatalytic NO removal under solar light activation. The properties of the newly prepared photocatalysts are comprehensively characterized by a series of routine methods. The NO removal performance over the ZnSn(OH)6 microcubes (c:ZHS) photocatalysts was increased markedly upon being combined with Ag nanoparticles through the surface plasmon resonance effect. The contribution of e−, h+, •OH, and •O2 was extensively investigated through trapping tests and electron spin resonance analysis (ESR). Also, the by-products and apparent quantum efficiency of the cZHS photocatalysts were studied.
Minimally Invasive Versus Open Surgery for Radical Hysterectomy Followed By Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Intermediate- or High-Risk Early-Stage Cancer of The Cervix: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Qi-ying , Liu Zi , Wang Ya-li , Zhang Jing , Li Wen , Wang Tao , Wang Juan , Shi Fan , Su Jin
Published: September 2021

Background

Postoperative radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) improves outcomes of cervical cancer patients with risk factors. Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has an inferior survival than open radical hysterectomy (ORH), however, the impact of MIS on postoperative RT remains uncertain. The study compared the impacts of MIS versus ORH on delivering of adjuvant RT or CRT for intermediate- or high-risk early-stage cervical cancer.
Methods

Data on stage IB1-IIA2 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy and postoperative RT/CRT in our institution, from 2014 to 2017, were retrospectively collected. Patients with high or intermediate-risk factors who met the Sedlis criteria received postoperative pelvic external beam radiotherapy (50Gy/25f) with platinum-based chemotherapy (0–6 cycles) according to guidelines. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared in the two surgical groups.
Results

One hundred and twenty-nine patients eligible for the study (68 in ORH; 61 in MIS groups) had similar clinicopathologic features except for the stage (highest in MIS was IB1; IIA1 in ORH) and presence of lymph vascular space invasion (higher in MIS group). The median time interval from surgery to chemotherapy and to RT was shorter in the MIS group. Three-year DFS and OS were similar in both groups. Further sub-analysis indicated that the DFS and OS in intermediate/high-risk groups had no significant difference. Cox-multivariate analyses found that tumor size > 4 cm and time interval from surgery to RT beyond seven weeks were adverse independent prognostic factors for DFS.
Conclusions

In early-stage (IB1-IIA2) cervical cancer patients with intermediate or high-risk factors who received postoperative RT or CRT, no matter they received ORH or MIS as their primary treatment, the DFS and OS had no significant difference, despite TI from surgery to postoperative adjuvant therapy being shorter in the MIS group than ORH.
Antivirus Applied to Jar Malware Detection based on Runtime Behaviors
Authors: Pinheiro Ricardo , Lima Sidney , Souza Danilo , Silva Sthéfano , Lopes Petrônio , Lima Rafael , Oliveira Jemerson , Monteiro Thyago , Fernandes Sérgio , Albuquerque Edison , Silva Washington , Santos Wellington
Published: September 2021

Background and Objective: Java vulnerabilities correspond to 91% of all exploits observed on the World Wide Web. Then, this present work aims to create an antivirus software with machine learning and artificial intelligence, master in Java malwares detection.. Methods: Within the proposed methodology, the suspect Jar sample is executed in order to infect, intentionally, Windows OS monitored in a controlled environment. In all, our antivirus monitors and ponders, statistically, 6,824 actions that the suspected Jar file can do when executed. Results: Our antivirus achieves an average performance of 91.58% in the distinction between benign and malwares Jar files. Different initial conditions, learning functions and architectures of our antivirus are investigated in order to maximize their accuracy.Conclusions: The limitations of commercial antiviruses can be supplied by intelligent antiviruses.Instead of blacklist-based models, our antivirus allows Jar malware detection in a preventive way and not in a reactive manner as Oracle's Java and traditional antivirus modus operandi.
Outcomes of Different Treatments for Hydrosalpinx Undergoing in Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer: A Retrospective Study with a Follow-Up of 5 Years
Authors: Bi Beibei , Han Xiao , Dai Wei , Fang Lanlan , Shi Hao , Hu Linli
Published: September 2021

Background: Except for laparoscopic surgery (salpingectomy or proximal tubal occlusion/ligation), there are also some other common treatments used for hydrosalpinx before IVF such as ultrasonic-guided hydrosalpinx aspiration, hysteroscopic tubal occlusion etc. More evidence is needed to give advice for clinicians on the most effective treatment for hydrosalpinx undergoing IVF-ET.Methods: We reviewed 936 women with hydrosalpinx and 6715 tubal infertile women without hydrosalpinx who underwent IVF/ICSI between January 2014 and August 2019 in our center. Hydrosalpinx patients received different treatments including laparoscopic surgery (only salpingectomy and proximal tubal occlusion/ligation were included), ultrasonic-guided aspiration and hysteroscopic tubal occlusion. Patients received laparoscopic surgery (salpingectomy or proximal tubal occlusion/ligation) before fresh cycles or freeze-thaw embryo transfer cycles. Ultrasonic-guided aspiration was conducted during oocyte retrieval procedure in fresh cycles. Hysteroscopic tubal occlusion was conducted before freeze-thaw embryo transfer cycles. Outcomes were analyzed by One-way ANOVA, Chi-Square test and logistic regression.Results: The live birth rate (LBR) of laparoscopic surgery (salpingectomy or proximal tubal occlusion/ligation) was significantly higher compared with hydrosalpinx aspiration (48.3% vs 39.6%, P=0.024). The cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) of subsequent laparoscopic surgery was significantly higher compared with subsequent hysteroscopic occlusion (65.1% vs 34.1%, P=0.001) and no subsequent treatment (65.1% vs 44.9%, P＜0.005). Subsequent laparoscopic surgery (salpingectomy or proximal tubal occlusion/ligation) significantly improved the CLBR of hydrosalpinx patients who received ultrasonic-guided aspiration and didn't get clinical pregnancy in fresh cycles (Oddis Ratio (OR) =1.875; 95%CI=1.041-3.378, P=0.036).Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery (salpingectomy or proximal tubal occlusion/ligation) leads to significantly higher LBR than ultrasonic-guided aspiration and significantly higher CLBR than hysteroscopic occlusion and no treatment.