bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Femoral neck bone autograft for the core decompression treatment of the hip osteonecrosis: Surgical technique
Authors: Panagiotis Κ. Karampinas  , Christos P. Zafeiris  , John A. Vlamis
Published: May 2021

Background: Hip joint preserving procedures delay the progression of the femoral head osteonecrosis. Non-vascularised autologous bone grafts have been used to fill the necrotic area and prevent the collapse of the femoral head. Harvesting and use of autologous femoral neck bone graft, minimizing the donor site complications and favoring the bone regeneration after core decompression. Methods: 17 patients in early stage of the femoral head osteonecrosis were operated, 12 males and 5 females with mean age of 45.3 years old. Were treated with core decompression and autograft harvested from the femoral neck. All the patients were evaluated with an MRI preoperatively, and at the follow up with X-rays of the hip and functional clinical scores. Results: We didn’t observe any complications both at the donor site and the hip at any stage of the follow up. All the patients returned to previous everyday activities, free of pain. There was a significant improvement regarding the functional scores. Conclusion: We present the surgical technique of using femoral neck bone autograft for the treatment of the femoral head osteonecrosis. The technique is simply and sufficient in most early and midterm cases adding an advantage to the minimal invasing and join preserving technique of core decompression.
Some underutilized indigenous timber trees with high medicinal values: Its challenges and prospects
Authors: Awotedu BF  , Akala AO  , Omolola TO  , Owoeye EA  , Olaoti-Laaro SO  , Ogunsiji AO
Published: May 2021

Underutilized species is referred to species to which little or no attention is paid by the policymakers, agricultural researchers, and plant breeders. Medicinal plants used in traditional medicine have a natural origin, are effective, and less expensive. Traditional doctors in African countries make use of plants in treating millions of people. Albizia zygia, Alstonia boonei, Tetrapleura tetraptera, Newbouldia laevis and Canarium schweinfurthii are the underutilized indigenous timber trees with high medicinal value that were discussed. Different parts of these trees like the bark, root, leaves, flower, stem, gum are used as medication in treating diverse diseases such as painful urination, epilepsy, convulsion etc. This study aims at reviewing the underutilized indigenous timber trees with high medicinal values, their challenges, and prospects. Methods are derived to increase the value chain of underutilized timber trees which can contribute to the livelihoods of smallholder farmers and other stakeholders mainly through income generation.
Indigenous chicken "Kolonto" and food security in Gaya
Authors: Moussa Hassan Ousseini  , Issa Salissou  , Hima Maman Karmadini  , Bakasso Yacoubou
Published: May 2021

This study was initiated to characterize the economic profitability of the breeding of the local chicken "Kolonto" in the Gaya department. A survey was conducted in 15 localities in the 6 communes of the Gaya department. The results showed that 29% of "Kolonto" local chicken keepers are women. The price of local chicken "Kolonto" varies between 4 to 8 USD according to 50% of producers. This economic gain, linked to the sale of local chicken, allows producers to make family expenses and meet their health care needs. Thus, the breeding of local chicken "Kolonto" contributes greatly to household food security and community resilience. However, the breeding of "Kolonto" chicken ecotype is between many constraints whose main one is diseases (59.3%). It is clear that the development of the sector necessarily involves strengthening surveillance of avian diseases, combined with veterinary monitoring and supervision of producers.
Investigation of thermal processes in hydrogen-oxygen steam generators of kilowatt power class
Authors: Bekirov E. A. , Asanov M. M. , Nusretova S. Sh.
Published: May 2021

THE PURPOSE. To analyze the current state and prospects for the hydrogen energy development. To consider the possibility of implementing a project aimed at producing hydrogen on the territory of the Republic of Crimea. To choose a suitable location for the facility construction. To provide for the use of renewable sources to supply consumers of the facility with electricity. To study the existing methods of obtaining hydrogen in order to select the suitable one for use on the territory of the Republic of Crimea. To calculate the amount of electricity generated by the selected source and consumed by the elements of the hydrogen production system. To determine the cost of the project and its payback period. METHODS. The method of calculating the amount of electricity generated by the source, as well as the method for determining the cost of project implementation and payback based on data from open sources were used to achieve the set goals. In this work, a simulation of a facility consisting from an electricity source – a solar power plant with an installed capacity of 110 MW, a hydrogen production system – an electrolyser with a capacity of 50 MW, a seawater desalination system – a reverse osmosis unit with a capacity of 600 tons of water per day was performed. Various types of electrolysers were analyzed. RESULTS. The balance of energy generated and consumed by the elements of the hydrogen production system was determined. The capital costs of implementation and the annual operating costs of the project were calculated. CONCLUSHION. The recoupment of such a project, according to preliminary estimates, will be from seven to eight years with a capital investment of about five billion rubles.
Plasma-electrolyte discharges in a gas-liquid medium for the production of hydrogen
Authors: Gaysin A. F. , Gaysin F. M. , Bagautdinova L. N. , Khafizov A. A. , Valiev R. I. , Gazeeva E. V.
Published: May 2021

THE PURPOSE. Comprehensive study of the effect of direct current electric discharge plasma in a gas-liquid medium of inorganic mixtures in order to obtain gaseous hydrogen. Obtain volt-ampere, volt-second and ampere-second characteristics of the discharge at various concentrations of electrolyte. Study the process of electrolysis, breakdown, discharge ignition and discharge flow in a dielectric tube at a constant current. METHODS. To solve this problem, experimental studies were carried out on a model installation, which consists of a power supply system, a discharge chamber, equipment for monitoring and controlling the operation of the installation and measuring the characteristics of an electric discharge. To analyze the stability of the discharge, the time dependences of the voltage ripple and the discharge current were obtained. RESULTS. Experimental studies were carried out between the electrolytic cathode and the electrolytic anode at constant current and at atmospheric pressure with the following parameters: discharge voltage U = 0.1-1.5 kV, discharge current I = 0.02-2.3 A, interelectrode distance l = 100 mm , 1%, 3% and 5% solutions of sodium chloride in tap water were used as electrolytes. CONCLUSION. It is shown that electrical breakdown and ignition of a discharge that is stable in time depends on the conductivity of the gas-liquid medium of the electrolyte. The nature of the current-voltage characteristics depends on the random processes occurring in the gas-liquid medium, which is associated with numerous breakdowns occurring in the gas-liquid medium of the electrolyte, combustion and attenuation of microdischarges, the appearance of bubbles, and the movement of the electrolyte inside the dielectric tube. It is shown that the generation of hydrogen and hydrogen-containing components can occur both at the stage of electrolysis and during discharge combustion. A feature of this method is that electrical discharges in the tube increase the release of hydrogen. In this installation, inorganic and organic liquids of a certain composition and concentration can be used. The results of experimental studies made it possible to develop and create a small-sized installation for producing gaseous hydrogen. Tests have shown that a small-sized plant can be taken as the basis for a industrial plant for the production of hydrogen gas.
Specifics of creating the Cybersecurity Virtual Laboratory for distance learning
Authors: Lemeshko О. , Yeremenko О. , Yevdokymenko М. , Kuzminykh I.
Published: May 2021

Currently, in conditions of distance learning of students, the problem of the organization of practical and laboratory works acquires special importance. This mainly applies to technical universities, where training in normal conditions is carried out on real equipment and using specialized software. As a result, there is an urgent need to create virtual labs as an effective platform for distance learning for students, particularly in the field of cybersecurity. In this case, one of the effective solutions is to create and deploy a Cybersecurity Virtual Laboratory (CVLab) for distance learning, which will help ensure continuous quality training of future professionals. Besides, distance learning must not be for informational purposes only. Therefore, the formation of practical skills of students requires rapid development and implementation of the effective means of distance learning. Recently, the trend of virtualization of both networks and computers has developed intensively, which allows the development and implementation of more flexible types of virtualized laboratory solutions, including for distance learning. The number of virtualization tools, as well as the latest network equipment created to work in a virtual environment (hypervisors) is increasing. Thus, virtualization allows us to overcome the limitations of traditional networks and hardware network laboratories, given their high cost, power consumption, stability, a limited number of devices, and so on. The introduction of the virtual cybersecurity laboratory CVLab in order to increase the effectiveness of distance education meets the objectives of the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine, as well as priorities and areas of its provision, ranging from general digital literacy to training of security sector actors.
Electronic interactive panel as a modern mean of professional training of future physics teachers
Authors: Tokarev P.
Published: May 2021

The article gives a theoretical justification for the effectiveness of the interactive panel as a modern mean of preparing future physics teachers for professional activities. The technical and didactic properties of the interactive whiteboard and the principles of its use are singled out. Based on the analysis of psychological, pedagogical and professional literature, the essence of the concepts "teaching aids", "technical teaching aids", "interactive teaching aids" is revealed. The author's definition of the concept of "learning tools" is given. The classification of the concept of "learning tools" on various grounds: the nature of the representation of the surrounding reality, the application in the educational process. The article describes the difference between the concepts of "electronic interactive whiteboard" and "electronic interactive panel". The didactic possibilities of electronic interactive panels as an effective teaching tool used to prepare future physics teachers for professional activities are highlighted, the advantages of their use in the educational process are described. The didactic functions of the electronic interactive panel – managerial, adaptive, informative, integrative, interactive, motivational, communicative, developing and educational are considered. The article describes the possibilities of using an electronic interactive panel used in the professional activities of a physics teacher, which will provide increased attention, increase motivation for learning and cognitive activity, activation of mental activity. The problems which are solved by mean of use of the electronic interactive panel in the course of teaching of physics in establishments of higher education are considered.
Motivation of studentds to obtain technical and physical and mathematical education
Authors: Strilkova T.
Published: May 2021

The relevance of the research is due to the need to understand the views of young people on the motivation to acquire knowledge in the field of technical education and further professional activity.

The paper analyses the process of interaction between students and the organization that provides educational services and ways to increase the motivation of young people to obtain technical and physical and mathematical education.

The factors that influence the level of motivation during technical and physical-mathematical education are reviewed. An analysis of methods aimed at strengthening motivation to learn in modern conditions of development of Ukrainian society.The results of the analysis of the opinion of students who receive technical and physical-mathematical education on the factors that increase motivation in on each course (level) of education are presented.Methods and techniques of organization of educational process which, according to students, will allow to provide high professional qualification, opportunities for self-realization and can increase of the level of the general progress of youth are defined.Based on the results of the students survey, the structure of the influence and consequences of the process of student interaction with the organization that provides educational services is proposed. The issues of student interaction with the educational organization are covered. Recommendations for increasing the motivation of modern youth to obtain technical and physical and mathematical education are offered. The bed-rock of recommendations for increasing efficiency of the students learning process are teaching methods based on the practical application of knowledge.The results of a student survey and interviews with graduates of Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics are presented.
Innovative technologies for designing communication lines, geodetic support for the construction industry and improving the efficiency of specialist training
Authors: Ugnenko E. , Uzhviieva E. , Tymchenko O.
Published: May 2021

In the article it has been analyzed that modern innovative technologies for designing communication lines, geodetic support for the construction industry require solving a wide range of problems associated with the creation of state geodetic networks and the basis for cartographic and topographic surveys. It has been established that to solve current issues on the use of geographic information systems and technologies in engineering surveys, highly qualified specialists in geodetic support of the construction industry, cadastral works and land management are needed.

The basic methodological principles of training specialists in geodetic support of the construction industry are considered. Based on the proposed concept, a list of basic functions is formulated, algorithms and models for solving problems of optimizing the educational process of the university are developed.
The experience of student self-government in improving the quality of the educational process
Authors: Levkin A. , Levkina R. , Ryasnyanska A.
Published: May 2021

The article considers the organization of self-government in higher education. This means voluntary and independent public activities of students to perform the functions of management of higher education, which is determined by its administration. Along with the main tasks of student self-government bodies to ensure and protect the rights and interests of students, it must ensure the performance of duties, influence the discipline and effectiveness of education. Democratic principles of election to these bodies, their effective functioning, and the provision of guarantees are a prerequisite for integration into the Bologna Agreement. The main problems in this are the need to improve the legal framework of the educational process, low financial resources, lack of democratic political culture, the mechanism of interaction with the administration and the passivity of students. Research on the issue shows a lack of awareness of the performance of student government and a low level of trust and authority of its leaders. Instead, the experience of European universities shows in favor of these bodies in solving university-wide cases. Strong material base and financial and legal independence from the administration of the educational institution allow to independently distribute part of the funds for financing grants from student societies and associations at the university. The influence of teachers on the process of formation of future specialists in terms of application of practical experience and modern management technologies is important. Thus there is a formation of the developed personality, stimulation of activity of the future citizen, education of the tolerant interlocutor. The conclusion is made about the importance of student self-government bodies whose activities are aimed at improving the educational process, organizing cooperation with students of higher education institutions and youth organizations, cooperation with managers and executors of projects of various levels, using the practical experience of teachers on the principles of collegiality in order to improve the quality of education.
The inspirer of technical education in Ukraine
Authors: Ponomaryov O. , Romanovskiy O. , Cheremsky M.
Published: May 2021

Victor Lvovich Kirpichev are distinguished scientific, engineer, teacher and reformer of higher technical school. He are founder and organizer of technical education in Ukraine. Kirpichev combined knowledge and industrial practice of student. He give much attention for creative development of personality. Kirpichev holded that engineer must have artistic education. He in every way possible supported students and defended their right to self-determination.
Sport and tourism facing the covid-19 pandemic
Authors:   Georgian State Teaching University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Sport Management, 49 I. Chavchavadze Avenue, 0162 Tbilisi, Georgia, MARGVELASHVILI Maia
Published: May 2021

The present study focuses on understanding the current research on the sports and tourism facing the COVID-19 pandemic. A review of the contemporary literature is considered to identify and classify research that focuses on the sports and tourism industries in the time of Covid-19. The primary purpose of review was to identify and analyze the findings of relevant studies that are addressing defined research question. Restrictions imposed on the spread of the virus have affected all aspects of human life, including sports and tourism. As a result of the pandemic, we have severely restricted travel, canceled sports events, empty hotels, closed theaters, restaurants, cafes, and bars. That has had devastating consequences for the sports and tourism industries. Above limitations have made two things lucid - the desire of people to get out of the house and have the opportunity to travel beyond their daily movement, and recognition that physical activity and the ability to watch sports event, are a significant factor in supporting and ensuring the wellbeing of the people. These concepts are discussed in detail. Also, the matter of promoting electric scooters as an alternative to vehicles for urban mobility is discussed. The study proposes that at this early stage, while the pandemic is not yet about to recede, as evidenced by the current state of the world, it is too early to draw any far-reaching conclusions. But in this context, some basic concepts formed for further analysis of the issue. Undoubtedly, life after the pandemic will be quite different, and it is time for tourism and sports policymakers and organizers to start preparing for that.
Examining of the attitude of students of Firat University, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Recreation Department towards folk dance
Authors:   Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Munzur University, Turkey, Kızılkoca Mustafa
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to examine the attitudes of the students of Fırat University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Recreation Education, towards folk dances. The universe of our research is composed of undergraduate students studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences of Fırat University, while the sample consists of 146 undergraduate students studying in the Department of Recreation Education. In our study, a personal information form (class, age, gender and branch type) and an attitude scale towards folk dances developed by Yoncalık (2007) were used to determine the personal information of the participants. SPSS 22 package program was used to calculate and interpret the data. First of all, the normality test was conducted to determine which tests will be applied to the data. As a result of normality tests, it is seen that Skewness, 091, and Kurtosis, 942 values show a normal distribution. Accordingly, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were used due to parametric tests. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference with the sub-dimensions of the attitude scores towards folk dances according to the variables of gender, class, and branch of the undergraduate students studying at the Department of Recreation Education at Fırat University Faculty of Sport Sciences. According to the age variable, when the participants' attitude towards folk dance sub-dimension levels and the age variable was examined, it was found that the difference between students aged 20 and under and students aged 21-30 in the affective sub-dimension was statistically significant. According to the findings of our study, it was determined that the attitude scores of the students of the Recreation Education department towards folk dances were 3.17 in the Cognitive sub-dimension and 2.87 in the Affective sub-dimension, and their attitude scores towards folk dances were above the average.
Performance Comparison of Propylene Glycol-Water and Ethylene Glycol-Water Mixtures as Engine Coolants in a Flat-Tube Automobile Radiator
Authors: GÜNDEM Ahmet , HOŞÖZ Murat , KEKLİK Erkan
Published: May 2021

This study aims at evaluating and comparing the thermal performance of five different engine coolants employed in an experimental engine cooling system with a flat-tube louvered-fin automobile radiator. For this purpose, a PLC-controlled test system was set up. The system could maintain the temperatures of the air and coolant at the radiator inlet, the speed of the air and flow rate of the coolant at the required values during the tests. The tested coolants were pure wa-ter, 30/70 ethylene glycol (EG)/water, 30/70 propylene glycol (PG)/water, 50/50 EG/water and 50/50 PG/water mixtures. In all tests, the coolant temperature at the radiator inlet was kept at 90°C, while the coolant flow rate was varied between 0.10–0.25 l/s with 0.05 l/s increments. Furthermore, the air temperature at the ra-diator inlet was kept at 25, 30 and 35°C, and the air speed passing over the radia-tor was varied between 1–4 m/s with 1 m/s increments. The thermal performance of the radiator was evaluated by locating the measured coolant flow rate and coolant inlet/outlet temperatures into the conservation of energy equation. It was found that water yielded the highest radiator heat rejection rates. Compared with water, 30/70 EG/water, 50/50 EG/water, 30/70 PG/water, 50/50 PG/water mix-tures yielded on average 3.50%, 7.89%, 8.28%, 11.46% lower radiator heat rejec-tion rates, respectively. Since PG has some advantages over EG such as lower cost and toxicity, PG mixtures can be employed as antifreeze instead of EG mix-tures in expense of a slight decrease in the thermal performance.
Application of orthogonalization methods of pseudospectra of steps for human identification
Authors:   Russian State Hydrometeorology University, Chernetsova E.A. , Gomera A.V. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorology University, Tatarnikova T.M.
Published: May 2021

A method for processing audio signals of steps of various people in order to effectively separate pseudospectra of signals that can be further subjected to the classification procedure is proposed. The model of a human steps detector was based on the dynamic parameters of the foot position when walking. To record step signals, vibroacoustic sensors were used, sensitive to mechanical and acoustic vibrations in the frequency range from 10 to 1000 Hz. The processing of recorded step signals involved calculating their envelope and then calculating the pseudospectra of the envelope. The procedure for orthogonalization of the pseudospectra of steps for their effective frequency diversity can be used as the basis for the operation of an automated Remote Access Control System. This system can find the application in areas where for one reason or another it is impossible to install another biometric system or is extremely inconvenient, for example, to control access to a room into which the working personnel enter in a special uniform, gloves, and goggles.
Explainer: Bad housing supply assumptions
Authors: Murray Cameron
Published: May 2021

Glaeser and Gyourko (2003) (G&G) famously argued that if the marginal cost of a square metre of housing lot land is less than the average cost, this is evidence of a price effect from “artificial” supply constraints. They call this price gap a “regulatory tax”, but it is also known as a “zoning effect” or “zoning tax”. Their logic has been relied upon by hundreds of other studies and in numerous replications of their approach, including by economists from the Reserve Bank of Australia, whose results were widely publicised (Kendall and Tulip, 2018). However, the economic assumptions behind G&G’s approach are implausible. Although popular, their method should not be relied upon to infer anything about the nature of housing supply. This note explains why.
Intention To Buy Air Ticket Online of Vietnamese Consumers
Authors: Giao Ha Nam Khanh , Tuan Huynh Quoc
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to identify and measure the factors affecting the intention to buy air ticket online in Vietnam by surveying 331 consumers aged 18 and over who bought air ticket online. The SPSS 20 tool was used to analyze the reliability of the scale through the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, EFA exploratory factor analysis, and linear regression analysis. Research results show that positive impact factors, decreasing by their strength, include: Perceived Benefit, Reliability, Reputation, Subjective Norm, Perceived Ease of Use. Meanwhile, Perceived Risk has a negative impact on the intention to buy air ticket of consumers. The results also help managers recognize the importance of the factors that affect the buying behavior of the consumers, and consequently make appropriate strategic adjustments and actions in the competitive process for air ticket online presently.
Increasing response rates and improving research design: Learnings from the Smart Energy Research Lab in the United Kingdom
Authors: Webborn Ellen , McKenna Eoghan James , Elam Simon , Anderson Ben , Cooper Adam , Oreszczyn Tadeusz
Published: May 2021

Obtaining high-resolution energy consumption data from a large, representative sample of homes is critical for research, but low response rates, sample bias and high recruitment costs form substantial barriers. The widespread installation of smart meters offers a novel route to access such data, but in countries like Great Britain (GB) consent is required from each household; a real barrier to large-scale sampling. In this paper we show how certain study design choices can impact the response rate for energy studies requesting access to half-hourly smart meter data and (optional) survey completion. We used a randomised control trial (RCT) with a 3×2×2 factorial design; 3 (including none) incentive groups ×2 message content/structures ×2 ‘push-to-web’ treatment groups. Up to 4 mailings (letters) were sent to 18,000 addresses, recruiting 1711 participants (9.5% response rate) in England and Wales. The most effective strategy offered a conditional £5 voucher and postal response options in multiple mailings (compared to only once in the push-to-web approach, although at the expense of far fewer online signups). Motivational headlines and message structure were also found to be influential. Reminders increased response but a 4th mailing was not cost effective. Our results and recommendations can be used to help future energy studies to achieve greater response rates and improved representation. UK-based researchers can apply to use our longitudinal smart meter and contextual datasets.
Pendidikan dan Modernisasi
Authors: Melynia Cahaya , Been Harun Ar Rasyid Lim Seong , Sari Anggelika Permata
Published: May 2021

Pendidikan merupakan usaha pengembangan kualitas diri manusia dalam segala aspek. Modernisasi adalah proses perubahan individu-individu dari cara hidup tradisional menuju kehidupan yang lebih kompleks, menuju kemajuan teknologi dan merupakan perubahan cara hidup yang cepat. Pendidikan merupakan ikhtiar ke dalam diri manusia dan modernisasi merupakan ikhtiar ke luar diri manusia, dalam rangka mencapai kehidupan yang baik bagi manusia itu sendiri. Dalam menuju proses modernisasi pendidikan perlunya pendidikan karakter didalamnya agar menunjang pembentukan karakter yang baik pada diri manusia agar bisa mengembangkan kemajuan teknologi dengan baik pula. Modernisasi hanya dapat dicapai dengan memperbaharui dan meluaskan pendidikan. Dalam proses modernisasi, pendidikan memegang peranan cukup besar. Melalui pendidikan diharapkan pengembangan pengetahuan keterampilan dan nilai-nilai serta sikap-sikap yang dibutuhkan dalam proses modernisasi dapat ditransformasikan secara meluas di kalangan masyarakat baik melalui pendidikan formal informal maupun nonformal.
Peer commentary of the paper "Does Proximity to a Golf Course Matter?" by Owusu-Eudsei, K. & Espey, M. (2003). Working Papers of the Agricultural and Applied Economics Department at Clemson University, South Carolina (WP 012203)
Authors: Carballo-Pérez Sergio
Published: May 2021

Peer commentary on the paper "Does Proximity to a Golf Course Matter?".
Plume —lid interactions during the Archean and implications for the generation of early continental crust
Authors: Piccolo Andrea , White Richard , Kaus Boris , Palin Richard , Reuber Georg
Published: May 2021

Many Archean terranes are interpreted to have a tectonic and metamorphic evolution that indicatesintra-crustal reorganization driven by lithospheric-scale gravitational instabilities. These processesare associated with the production of a significant amount of felsic and mafic crust, and are widelyregarded to be a consequence of plume-lithosphere interactions. The juvenile Archean felsic crustis made predominantly of rocks of the tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) suite, which arethe result of partial melting of hydrous metabasalts. The geodynamic processes that have assistedthe production of juvenile felsic crust, are still not well understood. Here, we perform 2D and 3Dnumerical simulations coupled with the state-of-the-art of petrological thermodynamical modellingto study the tectonic evolution of a primitive Archean oceanic plateau with particular regard on thecondition of extraction of felsic melts. In our numerical simulations, the continuous emplacementof new, dry mafic intrusions and the extraction of the felsic melts, generate an unstable lowercrust which drips into the mantle soon after the plume arrival. The subsequent tectonic evolutiondepends on the asthenosphere T P . If the T P is high enough (≥ 1500 ◦ C) the entire oceanic crust isrecycled within 2 Myrs. By contrast at low T P , the thin oceanic plateau slowly propagates generatingplate-boundary like features.
Raman spectroscopy, mobility size and radiative emissions data for soot formed at increasing temperature and equivalence ratio in flames hotter than conventional combustion applications
Authors: Dasappa Shruthi , Camacho Joaquin
Published: May 2021

The dataset presented in this article is linked to the research article titled “Evolution in size and structural order for incipient soot formed at flame temperatures greater than 2100 K” [1]. The research article discusses the systematic evolution of flame formed carbon in premixed stagnation flames with flame temperatures hotter than conventional combustion applications. The effect of the growth environment on particle size, structure, composition and properties are studied. The flame temperature (1950 K < Tf,max < 2250 K) and equivalence ratio (Φ = 2.4, 2.5, and 2.6) are methodically varied to analyze impact on insipient soot while maintaining a comparable particle residence time (tp ~ 15 ms). This article presents the data acquired for this systematic study. The data presented herein provides fundamental observations suitable for development of soot formation theory and modeling. Characterization of material properties and morphology are also relevant to potential applications of functional carbon nanomaterials. Raman spectra are measured for carbon films deposited from the flames, soot particle size distributions are obtained by aerosol sampling from the flames and soot radiative emissions are measured in-situ by color-ratio pyrometry. Deconvolution of Raman peaks is carried out to extract information on carbon bonding and structural order. Flame temperature is extracted from the measured color-ratio field making assumptions for the soot optical dispersion exponent.
Policies Are Needed to Increase the Reach and Impact of Evidence-Based Parenting Supports: A Call for a Population-Based Approach to Supporting Parents, Children, and Families
Authors: Doyle Frances L. , Morawska Alina , Higgins Daryl J. , Havighurst Sophie S. , Mazzucchelli Trevor G. , Toumbourou John , Middeldorp Christel , Chainey Carys , Cobham Vanessa E. , Harnett Paul , Sanders Matthew R.
Published: May 2021

Parents can be essential change-agents in their children’s lives. To support parents in their parenting role, a range of programs have been developed and evaluated. In this paper, we provide an overview of the evidence for the effectiveness of parenting interventions for parents and children across a range of outcomes, including child and adolescent mental and physical health, child and adolescent competencies and academic outcomes, parental skills and competencies, parental wellbeing and mental health, and prevention of child maltreatment and family violence. Although there is extensive research showing the effectiveness of evidence-based parenting programs, these are not yet widely available at a population level and many parents are unable to access support. We outline how to achieve increased reach of evidence-based parenting supports, highlighting the policy imperative to adequately support the use of these supports as a way to address high priority mental health, physical health, and social problems.
The human brain reveals resting state activity patterns that are predictive of biases in attitudes towards robots.
Authors: Willemse Cesco , Bossi Francesco , Cavazza Jacopo , Marchesi Serena , Murino Vittorio , Wykowska Agnieszka
Published: May 2021

The increasing presence of robots in society necessitates a deeper understanding into what attitudes people have toward robots. People may treat robots as mechanistic artifacts or may consider them to be intentional agents. This might result in explaining robots’ behavior as stemming from operations of the mind (intentional interpretation) or as a result of mechanistic design (mechanistic interpretation). Here, we examined whether individual attitudes toward robots can be differentiated on the basis of default neural activity pattern during resting state, measured with electroencephalogram (EEG). Participants observed scenarios in which a humanoid robot was depicted performing various actions embedded in daily contexts. Before they were introduced to the task, we measured their resting state EEG activity. We found that resting state EEG beta activity differentiated people who were later inclined toward interpreting robot behaviors as either mechanistic or intentional. This pattern is similar to the pattern of activity in the default mode network, which was previously demonstrated to have a social role. In addition, gamma activity observed when participants were making decisions about a robot’s behavior indicates a relationship between theory of mind and said attitudes. Thus, we provide evidence that individual biases toward treating robots as either intentional agents or mechanistic artifacts can be detected at the neural level, already in a resting state EEG signal.
Personality-Informed Intervention Design: Examining How Trait Regulation Can Inform Efforts to Change Behavior
Authors: Rebele Reb W , Koval Peter , Smillie Luke D.
Published: May 2021

Research that helps people change their behavior has the potential to improve the quality of lives, but it is too often approached in a way that divorces behavior from the people who need to enact it. In this paper, we propose a personality-informed approach to classifying behavior-change problems and designing interventions to address them. In particular, we argue that interventions will be most effective when they target the appropriate psychological process given the disposition of the participant and the desired duration of change. Considering these dimensions can help to reveal the differences among common types of behavior-change problems, and it can guide decisions about what kinds of intervention solutions will most effectively solve them. We review key concepts and findings from the personality literature that can help us understand the dynamic nature of dispositions and to identify the psychological processes that best explain both short-term variance in behavior and long-term development of personality. Drawing on this literature, we argue that different types of behavior-change problems require different forms of ‘trait regulation,’ and we offer a series of propositions to be evaluated as potential guides for the design of intervention strategies to address them.
The Regression Trap: Why Regression Analyses Are Not Suitable for Selecting Determinants to Target in Behavior Change Interventions
Authors: Crutzen Rik , Peters Gjalt - Jorn Ygram
Published: May 2021

Objective: Regression analyses are commonly used for selecting determinants to target in behavior change interventions, but the aim of this article is to explain why regression analyses are not suitable for this purpose (i.e., the regression trap). Methods: This aim is achieved three ways: by providing (1) a theoretical rationale based on overlap among determinants; (2) a mathematical rationale based on the formulas that are used to calculate regression coefficients; and (3) examples based on real-world data.Results: First, the meaning of regression coefficients is commonly explained as expressing the association between a determinant and a target behavior 'holding all other predictors constant.' We explain that this often boils down to 'neglecting a part of the psyche.' Second, we demonstrate that the interpretation of regression coefficients is distorted by correlations between determinants. Third, the examples provided demonstrate the impact this has in practice. This results in interventions targeting determinants that are less relevant and, thereby, have less impact on behavior change. Conclusion: There are theoretical, mathematical, and practical reasons why regression analyses, and by extension multivariate analyses relying on correlations, are not suitable to select determinants to target in behavior change interventions. Instead, intervention developers should consider univariate distributions and bivariate association estimates simultaneously and there are freely accessible tools available to do so.
Shape of U: The relationship between object-location memory and expectedness
Authors: Quent Jörn Alexander , Greve Andrea , Henson Richard
Published: May 2021

Based on a neuroscientific model of memory (SLIMM), we predicted that people’s memory for object locations would be a U-shaped function of the expectancy of those locations. Using immersive virtual reality, we manipulated expectancy by placing twenty familiar objects in locations within a virtual kitchen that were congruent, unrelated or incongruent with people’s schema (prior knowledge) for a typical kitchen. Using Bayes Factors across three experiments, we confirmed this (pre-registered) prediction, with better memory for highly expected or highly unexpected locations relative to neutral locations. This U-shape was found in location recall and, importantly, in three-alternative forced choice recognition using object-location images, for which locations in the foil images were approximately equally expected. The latter shows that (part of) the U-shape was not simply participants guessing expected locations when unsure. A second prediction of SLIMM is that the two ends of the U-shape would be associated with different expressions of memory: namely, recollection of objects at unexpected locations, but familiarity for objects at expected locations. Bayes Factors provided evidence against this second prediction, with recollection associated with both ends of the U-shape, and familiarity showing no effect of expectancy. These findings have implications for SLIMM and more general theories of the role of schema and surprise in episodic memory.
Cardiac Remodeling in Elite Aquatic Sport Athletes
Authors: Coates Alexandra M , Cheung Christian P , Currie Katharine D , King Trevor James , Mountjoy Margo L , Burr Jamie
Published: May 2021

Background: The “athlete’s heart” has been well characterized, and it is known that remodeling is dependent on the nature of the hemodynamic-stimuli. Aquatic-athletes are exposed to hydrostatic pressures, postural anomalies, and breath-holds that likely drive distinct cardiac adaptation; however, the aquatic-athlete’s heart has not been specifically interrogated. The aim of this investigation was to characterize and compare the sport-specific cardiac structure of elite aquatic-athletes. Methods: Ninety athletes at the 2019 FINA World Championships from swimming (SW:20M/17F), water-polo (WP:21M/9F), and artistic swimming (AS:23F) volunteered for echocardiographic assessment of cardiac structure. Results: Male SW displayed primarily eccentric volume-driven remodeling, while male WP had a greater incidence of pressure-driven concentric geometry (SW:5%, WP:25%) with elevated relative wall-thickness (RWT) (SW:0.35±0.04, WP:0.44±0.08, P<0.001). Female SW and WP hearts were similar with primarily eccentric-remodeling, but SW and WP had greater concentricity index than artistic swimmers (SW:6.74±1.45g/(ml)2/3, WP:6.80±1.24g/(ml)2/3, AS:5.52±1.08g/(ml)2/3, P=0.007). AS had normal geometry, but with increased posterior-wall specific RWT (SW:0.32±0.05, AS:0.42±0.11, P=0.004) and greater left atrial area than SW (SW:9.7±0.9cm2/m2, AS:11.0±1.1cm2/m2, P=0.003). All females had greater incidence of wall-thickness ≥11mm than typically reported (SW:24%, WP:11%, AS:17%). Conclusion: Male athletes presented classic sport-specific differentiation, with SW demonstrating primarily volume-driven eccentric remodelling, and WP with greater concentric geometry indicative of pressure-driven remodeling. Female SW and WP did not display this divergence, likely due to sex-differences in adaptation. AS had unique LV-specific adaptations suggesting elevated pressure under low-volume conditions. The overall incidence of elevated wall-thickness in female athletes may point to an aquatic-specific pressure stress.
Perforated Appendicitis Treated By Open Versus Laparoscopic Surgery- A Comparative Study
Authors: Timilsina Bishow Deep , Karki Om , Subedi Babita
Published: May 2021

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency of the abdomen. Perforated appendicitis often has higher morbidity and mortality. Laparoscopic Appendectomy (LA) is safe and effective procedure for the simple appendicitis compared to Open Appendectomy (OA) but it is not considered as the first line approach in case of perforated appendicitis and its role is still controversial and is under investigation. Hence this study was carried out to compare the outcomes of LA over OA in proven cases of perforated appendicitis.

Methods: A hospital based comparative study was conducted among 60 patients with the diagnosis of perforated appendicitis who underwent LA and OA, for a duration of 18 months in Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire and were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS version 25.0.

Results: The study showed no significant statistical difference in operative time in LA compared to OA (66±18.11 minutes vs. 66.67±25.269 minutes, p = 0.9). Moreover it shows less post-operative pain (p = 0.003), shorter length of hospital stay (5.3±1.8 days vs. 7.3±3.31 days, p = 0.005), faster return of peristalsis (1.43±0.504 days vs 1.80±0.805 days, p = 0.037) and faster reinstitution of liquid diet(1.43±0.504 days vs 1.80±0.805 days, p = 0.037), less incidence of wound infection (5 in 30 = 16.66% vs. 12 in 30 = 40%, p = 0.042) and faster subjective full recovery(1.9±0.759 weeks vs. 2.9±0.89 weeks, p ˂ 0.0001) of LA patient compared to OA which is statistically significant.

Conclusion: LA is safe and effective procedure than OA for perforated appendicitis.
COVID-19 vaccination and public health measures
Authors: Shrestha Gentle Sunder , Bhandari Sabin
Published: May 2021

No abstract available.
Mekanisme Penilaian Tanah dan Konsinyasi dalam Kegiatan Pengadaan Tanah (Studi Kasus Terhadap Bidang Tanah yang Mengalami Penolakan dari Pihak yang Berhak pada Pembangunan Bandara Baru Yogyakarta)
Authors: Putri Setyabella Prima , Sudirman Senthot , Laksamana Rofiq
Published: May 2021

Abstract: Land Acquisition for public interest in Kulon Progo Regency is a procedure that must be implemented before initializing the new airport, which will replace the function of Adisutjipto airport. It facing much rejection during the process, so that it takes long time in completion. That also causing the identification and inventory process to be inhibited so that the land valuation process can’t be done perfectly. Their compensation won’t be given directly to the land owner, but through the consignment procedure that deposited at the District Court. This research is conducted by descriptive qualitative method. The results show that the assessment of the land is done well, although there is a discretionary decision, so that re-assessment is conducted in different time. The payment mechanism of compensation through consignment also done according to procedures, although the requirement of rejection letter from the party who is not eligible can’t be fulfilled, because it can be suspended due to the large interest for the land acquisition process of the new airport. Keywords: land assessment, consignment, land acquisition Intisari: Pembangunan bandara udara baru yang dapat menggantikan fungsi bandara udara Adisutjipto sudah tidak dapat dielakkan lagi. Pembangunan bandara udara baru dilaksanakan melalui prosedur Pengadaan Tanah untuk Kepentingan Umum. Penolakan terhadap pembangunan bandara udara terjadi dalam kegiatan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme penilaian dan mekanisme konsinyasi terhadap bidang tanah yang mengalami penolakan oleh pihak yang berhak pada kegiatan pengadaan tanah tersebut. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan penilaian bidang tanah secara keseluruhan sudah sesuai prosedur yang ada, akan tetapi terdapat putusan diskresi terhadap bidang tanah yang sebelumnya tidak dapat dilakukan penilaian secara keseluruhan kemudian dilakukan penilaian ulang di luar waktu yang telah ditentukan. Mekanisme pembayaran ganti kerugian melalui konsinyasi sudah sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, hanya dalam proses permohonan registrasi konsinyasi terdapat satu syarat terkait dengan surat penolakan dari pihak yang berhak yang tidak dapat dilampirkan, hal tersebut dapat ditangguhkan mengingat besarnya kepentingan kelancaran proses pengadaan tanah pembangunan bandara udara baru ini. Kata Kunci: penilaian bidang, konsinyasi, pengadaan tanah