bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Simulation Analysis on Pressure Characteristics of Internal Leakage in Hydraulic System of Heavy Vehicles
Authors: Zhang Hongzhuang , Feng Suli , Li Yang
Published: April 2021

The internal leakage of hydraulic cylinder severly effects the normal operation running of hydraulic system. At present, the diagnosis approaches of internal leakage of hydraulic cylinder still have some problems. It is to make test slow when leaking or it is difficult to diagnosis when leaking weakly. A method to determine internal leakage using pressure change characteristics is proposed. Based on hydraulic system simulation software Automation Studio 6.1, this paper makes simulation analysis on normal status and fault status of hydraulic system operation, aiming to achieve time domain and frequency domain features. Accompanying with experimental test, the results of simulation are consistent with experiment results, which provides a new way for the detection for internal leakage of hydraulic cylinder.
Wind Tunnel Experiments on Flight Characteristics of Windborne Debris upon Low-Rise Building
Authors: Sun Songtai , Huang Peng , Qiao Haoshuai
Published: April 2021

In strong wind events such as hurricanes and tornadoes, windborne debris is the main cause of disasters and buildings destruction. Roof slabs, tiles, and other enclosure components may become potential windborne debris. In the present research, a series of wind tunnel experiments were carried out to investigate the flight characteristics (i.e., the trajectory distribution and the flight speed) of debris released at different positions on the windward roof of a low-rise building. The results show that the initial position of debris has an important influence on the trajectory distributions and flight speed. Along the Y-axis, the trajectory distribution of debris released near the central axis of the roof is wider than those of debris whose initial positions lying closer to the side. As for debris which is closer to the central axis of the roof, a wider trajectory distribution in the vertical direction and higher flight speed are observed when the debris is released closer to the windward eave. And for debris whose initial positions have the same distance from the windward eave, the closer the initial positions to the central axis, the lower the total speed is. The total speed of the debris is mainly composed of the vertical (Z-axis) speed component at the beginning of the flight, and gradually, the proportion of horizontal (X-axis) speed keeps increasing with time passing by.
Application Research of Terrain Mapping Based on RIEGL 3D Scanning System
Authors: Wu Yunen
Published: April 2021

Based on the RIEGL 3D scanning system, this paper studies the key technical methods of 3D laser scanning technology in the whole process of data acquisition, data processing and topographic mapping, and forms an effective technical route of 3D laser scanning technology in large scale topographic mapping.The transformation relationship among the coordinate system of the scanner itself, the engineering coordinate system, the global coordinate system and the image machine coordinate system is explained.The point cloud data registration, “non-topographic point” filtering technology, arbitrary point cloud data network construction technology and other technical methods are introduced.Better results can be achieved through multi-station acquisition and the combination of GPS and ground 3D laser scanning system.
Distribution Characterization Study of the Heavy Metals for a Mining Area of East Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang Based on the Kriging Interpolation Method
Authors: Du Qingsong , Li Guoyu , Zhou Yu , Wu Gang , Chai Mingtang , Li Fayong
Published: April 2021

In order to understand the impact of mining development on the environment, a metal mine at east Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang province was used as the object of study. The heavy metal content data were obtained from field sampling and indoor measurements, and the data were compared with the heavy metal background values, applying the geostatistic method and Kriging spatial interpolation theory to map the heavy metal distribution in the study area. The results show that the overall heavy metal contamination in the mining area is serious, with significant accumulation of As, Cd and Cr, which is a threat to local human and animal health. And there are obvious correlations and synergies between the distribution of these heavy metals, mostly showing positive correlations, which should be taken into more account in the subsequent environmental rehabilitation of the mine site.
Experimental Research on the Rheology Slip Damage Mechanical Properties of Sandstone under the Dynamic Loading
Authors: Hu Hua , Wu Xuan
Published: April 2021

The soft sandstone is taken as samples, and the RLW-2000M triaxial rheological testing machine is used as the main equipment to test the axial stress-strain, the axial rheological deformation in this paper. The axial strain is selected as damage variables, the damage degree expression is derived, and the effect of each factor on damage degree is studied. Research results show that axial deformation increases with the passage of time, and the hysteresis curve change from sparse to dense under the action of the dynamic loading. The axial deformation increase with the increase of the dynamic loading amplitude, and it increases with the decrease of frequency. The damage degree of specimen tends to be stable after mutation and increases with the increase of the dynamic loading amplitude. The research results will provide the scientific basis for us to disclose the rule of rheology-damage evolution of sandstone under the action of dynamic loading.
Experimental Research on Shear Strength Characteristics of Unsaturated Coal-Bearing Soils under Dry-Wet Circulation
Authors: Fan Yakun , Zheng Mingxin , Wu Junhua
Published: April 2021

In this paper, the shear strength experiment of unsaturated coal-bearing soil under dry-wet circulation was carried out on the conventional direct shear apparatus, the relationship between shear strength and its index parameters and water content of unsaturated coal-bearing soil was obtained. The tests show that the total stress shear strength of unsaturated coal-bearing soil was obviously affected by moisture content, and the shear strength decreases with the raise of moisture content, and the total cohesion and total internal friction angle of unsaturated coal-bearing soil are greatly affected by moisture content, which decreases with the raise of water content.
Research on 3D Hydrodynamic Model Based on Adaptive Mesh
Authors: Wang Ming , Dong Huili , Zhang Fangxiu
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model based on adaptive mesh was established. The cubic mesh based on octree structure was adopted to solve the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation by the step-by-step pressure decomposition method, which realized the automatically encryption and coarsening of the grid. The calculation of three-dimensional square cavity flow showed that the calculation results of this model are in perfect agreement with those of Chen, and the calculation accuracy is high. Through the calculation of three-dimensional flow around a cylinder, the model can automatically encrypt the grid near the complex boundary, and can refine and coarsen the grid reasonably through the vorticity field. Meanwhile, it can also reduce the calculation amount and improve the calculation speed while maintaining the calculation accuracy.
Variety-Specific Soybean Yield with Respect to Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis on the Northern Boundary of the Crop’s Geographical Range
Authors: Churakov A A
Published: April 2021

The effects of inoculating nitrogen-fixing symbionts on soybean yield were tested in the experimental field of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, 50 km north of Krasnoyarsk. Strain 634 was tested in 2017–2018 on the Zaryanitsa variety. Strain 634 and Spontaneous, discovered in Krasnoyarsk forest steppes, were tested in 2019 on the precocious Zaryanitsa and Eos varieties (Siberian ecotype). Treating Zaryanitsa soybean with Strain 634 induced a yield of 0.197 kg/m2 compared to the control yield of 0.167 kg/m2 (p = 0.037). The number of nodules peaked in Zaryanitsa inoculated with the biological Spontaneous: 104 nodules per root. Spontaneous reduced the height of Zaryanitsa plants (p = 0.0606) but increased the seed weight (p = 0.0282). Eos was inoculated with two strains; compared to the controls, it had lower productivity metrics such as the number of branches (p = 0.0771), beans (p = 0.0483), seeds (p = 0.0142), and seed weight (p = 0.0381). However, the preservation rates were 16% higher in case of Strain 634, 22% in case of Spontaneous. Factor analysis (varimax rotation) identified two factors: one comprised the indicators related to the development of photosynthesis organs (the number, weight, and area of leaves) and to nodulation (the number, weight, and moisture of nodules). The other one comprised the yield structure components and the number of plants per unit of area. Eos yield rose by 0.02 kg/m2 and 0.048 kg/m2 when inoculated with Strain 634 and Spontaneous, respectively.
The Numerical Implementation of the Method for Determining the Thermal Impact of Gas Blowout Fire, Considering the Wind Direction
Authors: Dzhumagaliev R M , Kokushev O K , Dzhumagaliev T R
Published: April 2021

The article provides a method for calculating the irradiation coefficient of a gas flame, inclined under influence of the wind, an arbitrarily located object in relation to the ground, the distance from the fire and the direction of the wind. The flame is brought to a circular inclined cone. A person was selected as a potential object of risk. The calculation of the irradiance coefficient was made by a numerical method. To check the adequacy of the adopted model, a calculation was made according to the well-known formula for approximating a flame by a vertical cylinder, considering it a particular case of a cone. When comparing the calculation by numerical integration method with calculation by formula, the match of results was found. We also provide directions for further research in this area.
Numerical Simulation of the Development of a Powerful Convective Cloud Based on a Three-dimensional Model with Explicit Microphysics and Taking into Account Electrical Coagulation
Authors: Shapovalov V A , Bekkiev K M , Shapovalov A V
Published: April 2021

This paper describes the calculation of electrical parameters in a three-dimensional mathematical model of a convective cloud with detailed consideration of thermodynamic, microphysical and electrical processes. The formation of electric charges occurs due to freezing of droplets and accretion processes of liquid and solid particles. The calculated values of volume charges are used to determine the potential of the electric field. A three-dimensional Poisson equation is solved for this purpose - at each step of numerical integration of the model’s system of equations. The values of the electric field strength in discrete cloud cells at each time step are also taken into account when adjusting the coefficients of gravitational coagulation of cloud particles using appropriate multipliers. Some results of calculations of microstructural parameters of the cloud at different stages of development are presented with and without taking into account the electrical coagulation of cloud particles.
An Efficient Wave Approach for Simulating the Propagation of Impulsive Signals in Hydroacoustic Waveguides on the Sea Shelf
Authors: Lisyutin V A , Yaroshenko A A , Lastovenko O R
Published: April 2021

The paper proposes an efficient wave method for simulating the propagation of impulsive signals in hydroacoustic waveguides of the sea shelf. The method of normal modes calculates the acoustic field in a wide frequency band. Then the inverse Fourier transform of the acoustic field is performed and the impulse response of the waveguide is restored. The signal replica is then calculated as a convolution of the impulse response and the signal. The advantages of this approach are as follows. Convolution is cyclical – there are no restrictions on the duration of the signal. Not only calculated, but also experimentally determined impulse response can be used. At the discretion of the researcher, the fields of individual modes can be excluded, add noise in the frequency or time domain, simulate the movement of the source, the impact of wind waves. Restriction - conditions for uniformity of the waveguide along the distance. A number of examples are considered, in which the possibility of determining the acoustic properties of the bottom is studied.
The Development of a Pectin Extraction Technology for Pea Hulls to Expand the Raw Material Base for the Production of Functional Foods in Russia
Authors: Shelepina N V
Published: April 2021

Pectin is one of the vital products on the global market due to the increased demand for natural and functional ingredients. The prospective growth of pectin demand from food manufacturers in Russia exceeds the current consumption by manifold because products based on it can be used for disease treatment and prevention. Therefore, it is necessary to restore the production of pectin from Russian-made raw materials. Secondary materials are a promising resource for pectin extraction. There is a scientifically justified and developed pectin extraction technology based on pea grain hulls from pea varieties cultivated at the Federal Research Center for Leguminous and Cereal Crops (Oryol, Russia). The pectin extraction conditions were selected taking into account the physical and morphological properties of pea grain hulls. The implementation of this technology will allow obtaining high-quality pectins that can be used as a gelling component in the production of functional jelly foods.
Large-Eddy Simulations of Heat Transfer in the Tube Bundle
Authors: Hayrullin A R , Haibullina A I , Ilyin V K
Published: April 2021

The tubular heat exchangers are widespread in the oil industry, therefore, the numerical simulation of the flow around a tube bundle is important. In this article, the LES method is used to study heat transfer in a ten-row in-line tube bundle in cross-flow. LES Smagorinsky, LES WALE and LES WM techniques in the numerical simulation were used. The Reynolds number Re was 2400, and the Prandtl number Pr was 7.33. The streamwise spacing-to-diameter ratio of the tube bundle was 1.3, transverse was 2.6. The local heat transfer characteristics of the eighth row are compared with the experimental data. The best agreement with the experimental data was obtained using the LES WALE and LES WM techniques.
Study of the Immobilizing Capacity of Humic Substances in Soils at Oil Contamination
Authors: Sarapulova G I
Published: April 2021

Agro- and physico-chemical analysis of three types of soils was carried out. It has been shown that the pH value for dark gray soil is 5.5 and characterizes it as more acidic compared to gray soil (pH = 6.0) and black soil (rich soil) (pH = 6.5). Molecular masses and sizes of colloidal micelles of humic substances from soil samples were determined. It is shown that the size of humic micelles in three types of soils is different and is inversely related to pH -the lower the pH value, the larger the micelles. The presence of a direct relationship between the efficiency of immobilization of oil particles in soil and the size of micelles of humic structures was revealed. This factor determines the effectiveness of oil pollution remediation. New dependencies have been obtained that can be used to predict the consequences of oil pollution, as well as to develop a targeted action technology for soil cleaning. The prospects of using the scientific approach for practical purposes are shown. Knowing the obtained dependences, it is possible to control the formation of large micelles and create optimal technological conditions for the sorption of oil by particles in each type of soil. The results are of fundamental importance, contribute to the ecological chemistry of soils and contribute to an in-depth understanding of the interaction of bioremediates with oil.
Improvements in Labour Safety Management: Efficiency of Industrial Control Organization and Implementation, Occupational Risks Assessment (by the Example of Food Industry Enterprise)
Authors: Tikhonova O V , Kitova E T , Zikina M O
Published: April 2021

The labour safety management system (LSMS) at many enterprises is absent or does not work effectively, although it is an essential component of the safe work organization. In this connection, one of the basic mechanisms is the systematization of activities in the field of industrial control, as well as in the occupational risk management. This article proposes a methodological approach to improving labour protection at a food enterprise. In the implementation if this approach the following tasks have been completed: the most significant information elements of the LSMS have been identified and the least studied information element have been identified; identification of hazards and risks assessment based on production control data and special assessment of working conditions was carried out; the ranking of the assessment of the conditions of possible risk at workplaces was carried out; a risk management strategy for the enterprise was developed. The results of the proposed research support the effectiveness and prospects of the developed approach.
Ecological and Epidemiological Status of Drinking Water in Chechen Republic
Authors: Abumuslimov A A , Aishanov S K , Yahikhazhiev S K
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the issues of ecological and epidemiological status of drinking water for the territory of the Chechen Republic. Studies of a number of samples of drinking water at various sites of resource-supplying organizations on the territory of the Republic were carried out. Certain deviations from the norms corresponding to sanitary requirements for water pipes and their unsatisfactory condition were revealed. There is an unsatisfactory provision of the population of the Republic with quality drinking water.
First Data on Isotopy and Mineralogical Features Ores Kumirnogo Silver Deposit (Russia, Primorsky Region)
Authors: Ivin V V , Medvedev E I
Published: April 2021

Lockated in the noth part of Primorsky region, the Kumirnoe silver deposit is very interesting object from a geological point of view. Data about isotopic mineralogical characteristics of its ore mineralization was first presented in this essay. More than 80 ore bodies are known at the deposit. They mostly contain quartz, hydromica, sericite, adularia, chlorite, montmorillonite and kaolinite. Ore mineralization is represented by silver-bearing minerals: acanthite, pyrirargyrite, polybasite, stephanite, freibergite, selenium-containing aguilarite and eletrum. The obtained isotope data indicate that sulfur composition is close to meteorite standard, this is indicated by the narrow positive interval of its sulfur ratios (2,0-2,8‰). It gives the reason to assume that homogeneous hydrothermal ore-forming solutions participated in its formation. Its comparison with isotopic data of gold-silver deposits located in the continental marginal volcano-plutonic belts (Ducat, Mnogovershinnoe, Sergeevskoye) shows that the formation of the Kumirnoe deposit was at the same time: Cretaceous- Paleogene, it’s possible it was under similar geological conditions. This is confirmed by the age data obtained by us earlier for Kumirnoe deposit (it matches Cretaceous- Paleogene).
Potato Breeding for Resistance to Globodera Rostochiensis in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania
Authors: Likhnenko S V
Published: April 2021

Potatoes are a strategically important agricultural crop. Potatoes, a staple food in the North Caucasus, is used for fodder and technical purposes. It is grown in the mountains and foothills. For potato growing in the Caucasus region, the potential danger is represented by external and internal quarantine pest: Golden nematode. Infestation of fields with this pest reduces the area of potato production. Fighting them with chemicals pollutes the environment. For food security and reducing environmental pollution, it is necessary to create sustainable productive varieties adapted to the conditions of the North Caucasus. Potato breeding in North Caucasus Institute of Hill and Mountain Agriculture has been conducted since 1928. Since 1991, breeding has been conducted for resistance to Golden nematode. Stable varieties and hybrids were created: Vladikavkazsky, Bars, Shcherbininsky, hybrids 04.573/1, 03.560/4. In practical breeding, foreign and domestic varieties were used as parent forms in the genome of which there are dominant resistance genes: Hertha, Sante, Nikita, Romano, Saphir, Premier, Kristall, Ausonia, Impala, Kadria, Hydra, Carlena, 71.17.06. Molecular screening of 45 samples of 5 hybrid combinations; Roko x Romano, Vladikavkaz x Prolisok, Nikulin x Ausonia, Roko x Adretta, Bars x Adretta revealed donor genotypes with resistance genes (HI, GroI-4). The hybrids are characterized by their economic and valuable characteristics.
Development of Solar Energy and Its Place in the Energy Sector of the Republic of Buryatia
Authors: Badmaev A G
Published: April 2021

Solar energy is one of the priority directions for the development of alternative energy. This is facilitated by climatic characteristics. Buryatia has up to 300 sunny days a year. The amount of solar radiation in Buryatia is 4-5 kWh per m2/day (Fig. 1), and the duration of sunshine is more than 2000 hours per year (Fig. 2). Three investment companies are already operating in Buryatia: LLC “Avelar Solar Technology”, LLC “Complex Industry” and LLC “Green Energy Rus” (Table 2), which in the period of 2017-2019 have already built 5 solar power plants (SPP) with a capacity of 70 MW and a total cost of 8.7 billion rubles (more than $115 mln1). To date, the share of SPP capacity of the total capacity of Buryatia is 4.81%. Until 2022, it is planned to commission another 7 SPPs with a capacity of 155 MW, thus increasing the total capacity to 225 MW (Table 2) and the share to 14%, if the situation with CHPP-2 does not change. All SPP capacities are being introduced into the general energy system of the Southern energy district of the Republic of Buryatia, and will not be isolated energy systems.
Optimizing the Power Supply System of the Gas Well Clusters by Choosing a Progressive Voltage Class Considering the Total Life Cycle of a Gas Field
Authors: Bogachkov I M , Khamitov R N
Published: April 2021

The paper outlines the issue of correctly choosing the voltage class for power supply of the gas well clusters considering all periods of the life cycle of the Western Siberia gas fields. The voltage class incorrectly chosen at the design stage hinders the life cycle of a gas field. The paper considers the gas field process flow sheet for each period of its life cycle. Using the experimental design theory, mathematical models have been developed for calculating the optimal voltage class and discounted costs for the gas well cluster power supply system. An algorithm for choosing the optimal voltage has been developed, and an example of calculating the optimal voltage for the distribution networks of the Western Siberia gas fields is given. A progressive voltage class for the distribution networks has been proposed. Conclusions have been drawn.
Gas Turbine Driven GPU Diagnostics by the Gas Path Parameters
Authors: Inozemtsev D A , Velichko E I , Bunyakin A V , Muzykantova A V
Published: April 2021

The issue of diagnostics of a gas turbine engine path is mainly related to the complexity of direct measurements inside it under operating conditions. The spaces between the axial compressor stages and the turbine expansion stages are small, characterized by an intense gas flow (for the turbine, also high temperatures), and vane wheels are rapidly rotating in close proximity to them. Therefore, installation, routine operational testing, and replacing sensors are difficult, moreover, any violation of body part integrity entails a change in stiffness and, as a result, the risk of destruction from vibrations. In this case, the mathematical simulation techniques gain special relevance, which provide the missing parameters required to estimate the gas path conditions as a result of calculations and allow the diagnostics–forecasting the development of destructions or the consequences of malfunctions. The paper represents one of such techniques and provides data on its application for diagnostics of a gas turbine engine–a GPU (gas pumping unit) drive with a free turbine.
Technological Process of Interaction of the Brush Rod with the Surface of the Root Crop
Authors: Sabiev U K , Khuzin I R , Soyunov A S
Published: April 2021

Before feeding, forage root crops must first be cleaned of dirt. The use of machines for dry cleaning of root crops reduces energy and labor costs, and is also cost-effective compared to cleaners based on the hydro-mechanical cleaning principle. This article presents the technological process of interaction of the brush rod with the surface of the root crop. Three cases are considered: “absolutely rigid rod”, “absolutely flexible” and real. The forces on the surface of the root crop when exposed to rods of different stiffness are indicated. An equation is proposed for determining the work of destruction when separating the polluting particles from the treated surface. It is noted that zootechnically acceptable cleaning quality with an acceptable amount of feed mass loss can be obtained only at a certain speed of rotation of the internal drum-brush. The brush working body (rod) must have sufficient rigidity for the required shear force and must be elastic in order to follow the surface of the root and be able to remove dirt from various depressions, eliminating the possibility of injury to protruding parts on the surface of root crops.
Ecotoxicological Impact Assessment of Micro-Sized Coal Particles on Zooplanktonic Crustacean Artemia Salina
Authors: Tretyakova M O , Pikula K S , Yu Kirichenko K , Golokhvast K S
Published: April 2021

Micro-sized coal particles caused pollution of the aquatic environment in the area of marine coal terminals. In this work, we investigated the impact of micro-sized coal particles (<20 µm, 20-100 µm, 100-250 µm, and 250-500 µm fractions) on the viability of zooplanktonic crustacean Artemia salina. The nauplii of A. salina were exposed to particles of four different types of coal at concentrations from 100 to 5000 mg/L at static and shaking conditions. During 96 h of exposure, there were no pronounced toxicological effects of coal in the used concentrations. However, the observed absorption of the coal particles in the guts of A. salina may cause various abnormalities in the longer-term experiment.
Construction of Flow Control Structures as an Essential Condition for Increasing the Efficiency of Hydropower Facilities in Mountainous Regions
Authors: Kalov R , Kiloev D , Elmurzaev R
Published: April 2021

The hydropower industry of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic (KBR) is weakened by the absence of flow control structures. Due to the extremely weak flow control of the mountain rivers utilized by hydropower structures, the total production and economic effect of the operating power units is rather low. This circumstance determines the highest seasonal variability of the annual flow — compared to summer months, the capacity of power plants is reduced in winter by almost 5–6 times. It is obvious that it is almost impossible to utilize the entire capacity of river flows. At the same time, it is unacceptable when no more than 20% of the flow capacity is actually used, which leads to extremely low efficiency of expensive power units. The objective of this research is to study the engineering and economical feasibility of controlling the flow of mountain rivers of KBR, to study the possibility of creating an optimal water pressure by constructing water storage facilities, to assess mountain-valley landscapes and select specific cross-sections for the construction of priority flow control facilities. To achieve this objective, the following tasks were solved: - study the conditions of water flow control for glacier-fed mountain rivers; - formulate preliminary flow control schemes within the selected cross-sections; - assess natural properties of watercourses and their relevance for the construction of flow control facilities; search high-mountain lakes suitable for river flow accumulation in the first approximation; - substantiate a suitable sequence of construction of flow control facilities; - assess the approaches to seasonal and long-term water flow rate forecasting as an essential condition for optimizing the operation of hydropower units.
Soil Cutting by a Chisel Plough with Self-Oscillations: Process Analysis
Authors: Zaripova N A , Soyunov A S , Algazin D N , Kulaeva A G , Kuzmin D E
Published: April 2021

The paper presents the results of analytical studies. It describes the basics of modeling the chisel plough and soil interaction; it further analyzes the hypothesis of how soil is deformed. To reduce the draught of the implement, the authors propose using elastic cutter mounts to induce self-oscillations. The paper derives the amplitude of such oscillations expressed in terms of the cutter tilt angle α(t) and the moment of all forces acting on the cutter on the soil side.
Modeling of Normativity of Criteria of Technical Level of Forage Harvesters Combines
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Titova L L , Sokolova V A , Andronov A V , Avagyan D M
Published: April 2021

The article presents the results of analytical calculations of methods for assessing the technical level of agricultural machinery products with their prospective standardization of forage harvesterscombines.From the author’s point of view, it would be rational to assess the technical level as a function of the rate of change of indicators that determine the development of this type of equipment over a limited period of time, for example, over the life of the forage harvesterscombines. During this period, as a rule, you can consider the performance of two or three generations of this type of forage harvesters combines. Investigating the rate of change of parameters of a certain chronological series of analytical objects as an indicator of technical level, we can conclude that the difference in the rate of change of an indicator has the degree of influence of each indicator on the formation of initial properties that determine the ability of this technique at each stage of its development to meet the specific requirements of consumers. That is, only important indicators are subject to improvement or development. If the indicator is improving at an accelerated pace, it means that the importance of factors such as manufacturability or world conditions.
High-Speed Efficient and Compact Screw Grain Conveyors in Agriculture
Authors: Kokieva G E , Badmaev Z V , Hamarova S V , Trofimova V S , Ivanova M N
Published: April 2021

Improving the efficiency as well as reliability of reaping threshers results in the enhanced efficiency of cereal harvesting. To make the agroindustrial complex as a whole and agriculture, in particular, more efficient, new advanced technologies are necessary. These technologies are based upon the members of modern machines for soil preparation, seeding, crop tending and all harvesting machinery. However, the implementation of their design program is virtually stagnating due to the lack of funding which restricts the forming and development of market and production relations in the agroindustrial complex in their civilized forms on the basis of the advanced technology and new technique. The article provides the research on the way to improve the efficiency of the screw-type conveyor; this allows building a compact design by means of increasing the number of conveyor rotations. The authors describe a technology of operation of grain conveyors and study their operation mechanism and point to their operation deficiencies consisting, in particular, in the lacking opportunities to transfer grain for long distances along the spatial road or complicates a process flow sheet. In addition, operation at loading directly from the heap requires manual labor or additional equipment.
Application of Zeolite on Natural Upland Meadow Polluted by Cesium-137
Authors: Romanenko A A
Published: April 2021

Nuclear pollution of the territory occurred as a result of Chernobyl disaster caused the whole range of issues for agricultural production. One of them was the use of natural meadow ecosystems polluted by cesium-137 as hay fields and pastures. The standing grass crop of natural meadows accumulates more radionuclides than the standing grass crop grown on the soil treated by agricultural tools. Due to this, the search for available, effective and economically beneficial measures providing harvesting of products complying with standard values on natural meadows is important. The purpose of the research work was to study the effect of zeolite from the Khotynetskoe quarry on transition of the radionuclide from the soil to the plant on the natural upland meadow. For this, in August, zeolite in amounts of 0.5 and 1% from the top soil weight was introduced on the top soil of experimental plots. Once prepared, the concentration of cesium-137, agrochemical and physical and chemical soil values, crop yield were determined in them. During the research work, it was found out that application of zeolite in amounts of 0.5 and 1% to ameliorate the meadow reduced accumulation of the radionuclide in the standing grass crop (hay), increased Hr, S, EKO, V, pH, potassium and phosphorus and boosted up the crop yield of the hay.
Control of the Silica Photonic Crystal Fiber Production
Authors: Vladimirova D B
Published: April 2021

This paper deals with the problem of optimal control of the drawing process of special silica optical fibers. The research is based on a nonlinear mathematical model of drawing a silica capillary, which is a constituent unit of a photonic crystal fiber. Under well-grounded assumptions, this model is modified and reduced to a linear model. The problem of optimal stabilizing control of the silica capillary drawing is formulated on the basis of such model. An optimality system is written using variational principles. An algorithm for the numerical solution of the optimization system and the results of numerical simulation are proposed.
Optical Controls Application for Diagnostics Corrosion Condition of Reinforced Concrete Structures
Authors: Kuznetsov A A , Ponomarev A V , Fomichenko K I , Sharapova Ya V
Published: April 2021

The increase in the efficiency of methods for non-destructive diagnostics of reinforced concrete structures is explained by a decrease in the labor intensity of the diagnostic process or an increase in the accuracy of assessing the state of the research object. The development of methods that simultaneously reduce labor costs and increase the accuracy of research is of particular interest. The paper proposes the use of video endoscopes and special devices for examining the inner surface of reinforced concrete structures in limited access conditions. The features of using diagnostic equipment are described, an algorithm for examining the contact network supports is developed, and a scheme of a sampling device for spectral diagnostics is presented.
Adaptive properties of Tuvinian short-fat-tailed sheep of the steppe type in the conditions of the Republic of Buryatia
Authors: Biltuev S , Achituev V , Zhamyanov B , Dymbrylova E , Achituev B
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the results of the authors’ study on the assessment of the adaptive properties of steppe type sheep of the Tuvinian short-fat-tailed breed in the conditions of the Republic of Buryatia because of studying their productive qualities and some biological characteristics.
The productivity of onion (Allium cepa L.) in seed crops
Authors: Dvoryashina T A
Published: April 2021

The article deals with the issues of selection and seed production of onion (Allium cepa L.). Breeding studies were conducted in the nursery of the Belgorod state agrarian UNIVERSITY in 2016-2017. The influence of the fraction size on the yield and structure of onion crops (Allium cepa L.) was studied. it was found that plants in the 1st and 2nd families performed better when planting a large fraction of sowing. The yield in these variants was 2.76-3.05 kg / m2, the density of crops was 172-191 plants per 1 m2. Skirmished plants were not observed when planting a large fraction of onion-sowing. Thus, it is recommended to use samples of these 2 families to continue the selection process.
Nitrogen-fixing ability of perennial leguminous grasses in various environmental conditions of the Western Siberia
Authors: Stepanov A F , Chibis S P , Khramov S Yu , Aleksandrova S N , Khristich V V
Published: April 2021

The goal of the research was to determine the nitrogen-fixing ability of perennial leguminous grasses and their use of biological nitrogen to form the crop of fodder in different environmental conditions of Western Siberia. The nitrogen-fixation coefficient (Cf) was determined by the method of comparison with a non-leguminous plant. It has been established that in the southern forest-steppe on meadow-chernozem soil biological nitrogen is used more efficiently using Medicago varia, Galega orientalis, Onobrychis arenaria и Astragalus galegiformis. Plants of these species fix up to 233–379 kg/ha of air nitrogen during the growing season, Cf is equal to 0.56–0.78. The accumulation of symbiotic nitrogen by leguminous grasses is 1.1–4.6 times less in the northern forest-steppe in solonetz fine than in meadow-chernozem soil. Medicago varia at solonetz forms due to biological nitrogen to 58% of yield and Astragalus galegiformis only 10-22%.
Study of the composition of the medicinal plant fruit cappers prickly – “capparis spinosa l.”
Authors: Inagamov S Ya , Tajibaev G M , Tursunova Z B , Sadikova N B , Shadmanov K K
Published: April 2021

The article studies the composition of the medicinal plant grown in the Namangan region (Uzbekistan) capers prickly – “Capparis Spinosa L.” Experimental data have shown that the fruits of the medicinal plant capers prickly - “Capparis Spinosa L.” have an oval shape with a length of 3-6 cm and a width of 1.5 - 3 cm. It was revealed that the shape of the fruit of the capers prickly – “Capparis Spinosa L.” can be different, have a smooth surface, green in color, have a long strip of white along the length. The inner part of the fruit of capers prickly – “Capparis Spinosa L.” at the beginning of ripening is white and in the course of ripening they turn into orange, at the end they become red, fleshy. It was found that in the composition of the medicinal plant “capers prickly” there are such vital macro- and microelements as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc. There are also vitamins such as thiamine, riboflavin, lactoflavin, beta-carotene, retinol, axeroftol, aneurin, choline, pyridoxine, pyridoxine chloride. The rich of the medicinal plant fruit “capers prickly - Capparis Spinosa L.” in macro-, microelements and vital vitamins is the basis for obtaining various drugs in pharmaceuticals.
Efficiency of sanitary treatment of cow’s udder teats before and after milking
Authors: Komarov V Yu , Belkin B L , Andreev S V , Gutsyna A A
Published: April 2021

The analysis of the available bibliographic sources on the study of the value and importance of sanitary treatment of cow’s udder teats before and after milking is carried out. The use of agents for pre- and post-milking treatment of cow’s udder teats is considered in the article. When studying the use of a disinfectant based on chlorine dioxide for the sanitary treatment of the skin of cow’s udder teats the most effective was the dilution of a disinfectant with a concentration of a working solution of chlorine dioxide of 90 mg/l. The product for the treatment of cow’s udder teats after milking provides high preventive effectiveness against mastitis and longer hygienic protection of cow’s udder teats in the intervals between milking.
Silencing of Nicotiana benthamiana phytoendesaturase using dsRNA synthesized in vivo
Authors: Cherenko V A , Filipenko E A , Golubeva T S
Published: April 2021

RNA interference (RNAi) using exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) has been used to silence the model gene of Nicotiana benthamiana phytoendesaturase. Here we report on an efficient technique for dsRNA synthesis using E. coli HT115 strain. This strain is deficient in RNase III, an enzyme that normally destroys most dsRNA in a bacterial cell and has been engineered to produce big quantities of dsRNA. We also used root treatment for dsRNA delivery to N. benthamiana plants. We found this method to be one of the most efficient ways to deliver dsRNA for plants.
Parameters and operating modes of the coulter group of the sod seeder
Authors: Sysuev V A , Kurbanov R F , Demshin S L , Saitov V E , Doronin M S
Published: April 2021

For the implementation of strip overseeding, they are used by seed drills with disc cutters. Improving the sowing quality due to the compaction of the seed bed and the creation of a soil layer between the seeds and fertilizers is possible when removing the working bodies of seeds and fertilizers of the from the area of the circular knives. To ensure the incorporation of seeds and granulates at different soil levels, it is stage to determine the length of the fertilizer coulter cheeks and the permissible distance between working bodies. Dependencies for calculating rational parameters and operating modes of the developed coulter group are obtained. The calculated parameters make it possible to ensure the minimum spread of fertilizer granules along the planting depth and high stability of the soil layer thickness between the fertilizer and seeds. In the range of operating speeds of the seeder, the rational parameters of the coulter group have the following values: the angle at the top of the fertilizer coulter in the horizontal plane is 15-20°, the lip of the fertilizer coulter is 0.040-0.045 m, the width of the coulter bell is 0.02 m, the minimum distance between the coulters is 0.14-0.16 m.
Weed control of oil flax in the area of unstable moistening in the south of Russia
Authors: Lukomets V M , Bushnev A S , Orekhov G I
Published: April 2021

The work aimed at determining the optimal methods of using herbicides that ensures the control of gramineous and dicotyledonous weeds when growing oil flax in the conditions of unstable moistening of the south of Russia. A single treatment with a pre-emergence herbicide Dual Gold after sowing a crop against monocotyledonous gramineous or with a foliar Tifi at the stage of true leaves development of flax against dicotyledonous weeds contributed to the of 0.07-0.09 t/ha higher yield than in the control with manual weeding. However, the sequential introduction of these preparations led to a decrease in crop yield by 0.14 t/ha on one plot. We noted a slight increase in yield (+0.04 t/ha) under the separate application of Miura graminicide and anti-dicotyledonous herbicide Sekator Turbo, and a decrease in yield (-0.16 t/ha) and seed oil content (-0.8 %) under application of their tank mixture. The separate foliar herbicide treatments should be a priority in weed control of oil flax.
Morphofunctional changes in rabbit thymus with simultaneous vaccination and disinsection
Authors: Silkin I I , Batomunkuev A S , Dashko D V , Tarasevich V N
Published: April 2021

The work carried out a morphometric study of the thymus of rabbits vaccinated with the associated vaccine against myxomatosis and viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits (VHD) at a dose of 0.5 ml subcutaneously and treated with an insecticide preparation “Stronghold” (selamectin 6%) at a dose of 0.1 ml / kg at the withers … Chinchilla rabbits, live weight 2-2.5 kg, aged 6-8 months were used as experimental material. In total, 20 animals were examined. The thymus was examined by conventional histological methods. The nature of changes in the morphofunctional parameters of the thymus with the combined use of the investigated factors revealed a dependence on the time of application of the drug “Stronghold” in relation to the vaccine. Our studies on rabbit immunogenesis with simultaneous vaccination against myxomatosis and viral hemorrhagic disease of rabbits (VGBD) and treatment with the Stronghold insecticide with the active ingredient selamectin in the form of a 6% solution did not show significant morphofunctional changes in the thymus with increased stress load on a living organism.
Features of the adaptive response of the blood system of boars of Poltava meaty breed of various genotypes in conditions of negative metabolic manifestations
Authors: Garskaya N A , Garanovich I I , Bykadorov P P , Kaplun S V , Tresnitskiy S N
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the issues of the adaptive response of the blood system, namely, the indicators characterizing protein metabolism with negative metabolic manifestations (hyperproteinuria). We studied purebred main boars of the Poltava meat breed of different genotypes: group I - individuals obtained without using the introductory crossing, group II - individuals obtained by the method of introductory crossing using the blood of the Finnish Landrace. Each group was divided into control animals (with a serum protein level of 70-92 g / l) and experimental (the amount of protein in the serum is more than 92 g / l). It was found that only in control animals of “pure” genotypes, all the studied parameters corresponded to the reference values. In control animals with Finnish Landrace blood, the ALT level was increased. These animals were significantly different only in higher protein levels and lower urea levels. The animals of the experimental groups did not differ significantly from each other. Their high serum protein levels were due to increased globulins. According to the Cv analysis, adaptive changes in the blood system in animals were multidirectional depending on the genotype. Animals of “pure” genotypes were more adaptable to these natural and technological conditions.
Development of grafted grape seedlings depending on the length and variety of rootstock
Authors: Titova L A , Magomadov A S , Avdeenko I A , Grigoriev A A
Published: April 2021

The grafted grape culture is highly demanded in industrial production due to a number of advantages in comparison with its own rooted culture. The high cost of production of grafted seedlings and climate change necessitate a change in the planting depth of grape plantations for the Rostov region by reducing the length of the rootstock and the selection of optimal scion-rootstock combinations. In this regard, in 2019-2020, I was on the experimental field of the ARRIV&W – Branch of FRARC, an experiment was laid in order to study the effect of length (from 30 to 45 cm) and varieties (Kober 5BB and Riparia Rupestris 101-14) stock on agro biological indicators of grafted grape seedlings of the Denisovskiy variety. According to the research results, it was found that, depending on the length of the rootstock, with a length of 30 cm, there is an increase in the yield of grafts from the chamber to 82.65%, the survival rate to 82.5% and the final yield of seedlings to 52.4 cm. The greatest influence on the quality of seedlings was rootstock variety. The stock-rootstock combination Denisovskiy × Kober 5 BB has a low seedling yield from 15.5 to 24.6%, which is lower than the Denisovskiy × Riparia Rupestris 101-14 combination with a seedling yield from 36.4 to 52.4%. It can be concluded that, according to the results of the experiment, a positive dependence was revealed in the yield of grafted seedlings of the Denisovskiy variety with a rootstock Riparia Rupestris 101-14 and a rootstock length of 30 cm, in comparison with the widespread rootstock variety Kober 5 BB and a length of 45 cm.