bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights into the Responses of the Partial Denitrification Process to Elevated Perfluorooctanoic Acid Stress: Performance, EPS Characteristic and Microbial Community
Authors: Zhang Shaoqing , Zhang Hang , Feng Yucheng , Maddela Naga Raju , Li Shugeng , Zhang Liqiu
Published: August 2023

This study aimed at investigating the potential impacts of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) exposure on the partial denitrification (PD) system. Our results indicated that nitrite accumulation rates were significantly decreased to 67.94 ± 1.25%–69.52 ± 3.13% after long-term PFOA exposure (0.5–20 mg/L), while the nitrate transformation ratio was slightly impacted. The PFOA removal efficiency gradually decreased from 67.42 ± 3.39% to 6.56 ± 5.25% with an increasing PFOA dosage, indicating that the main PFOA removal pathway was biosorption. The average EPS contents increased by two folds, which suggested that exposure to PFOA significantly stimulated EPS secretion. Excitation emission matrix analysis revealed that PFOA exposure promoted the secretion of tryptophan protein-like, humic acid-like, and aromatic protein II-like substances, which may act as a protective barrier against PFOA toxicity. Moreover, significant changes in characteristic peaks after PFOA exposure were shown as indicated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. High-throughput sequencing suggested that PFOA significantly decreased bacterial richness and increased evenness, indicating that toxicity effects of PFOA were more pronounced for abundant species (e.g., Thauera) than rare species. Thauera was the most dominant genus responsible for nitrite accumulation, whose abundance significantly decreased from 35.99 ± 2.67% to 18.60 ± 2.18% after PFOA exposure. In comparison, the abundances of common denitrifiers, such as Denitratisoma, Bdellovibrio, and OLB8, significantly increased, suggesting that these genera were potential PFOA-resistant bacteria. This study presents new insights into the effect of PFOA on a PD system.
Groundwater Quality Assessment for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes at Al-Jouf Area in KSA Using Artificial Neural Network, GIS, and Multivariate Statistical Techniques
Authors: Alrowais Raid , Abdel daiem Mahmoud M. , Li Renyuan , Maklad Mohamed Ashraf , Helmi Ahmed M. , Nasef Basheer M. , Said Noha
Published: August 2023

Groundwater is an essential resource for drinking and agricultural purposes in the Al-Jouf region, Saudi Arabia. The main objective of this study is to assess groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Al-Jouf region. Physicochemical characteristics of groundwater were determined, including total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, electric conductivity (EC), hardness, and various anions and cations. The groundwater quality index (WQI) was calculated to determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes. The EC, sodium percentage (Na+ %), magnesium hazard (MH), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), potential salinity (PS), and Kelley’s ratio (KR) were assessed to evaluate the suitability of groundwater for irrigation. Effective statistical tests and Feed-forward neural network (FFNN) modeling were applied to reveal the correlation between parameters and predict WQI. The results indicated that approximately all samples are appropriate for drinking and irrigation uses except samples of the Al Qaryat region. The ionic abundance ranking was Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ for cations, and Cl− > SO42− > NO3− for anions. Moreover, the groundwater is dominated by alkali metals (K+ and Na+) and controlled by the rock–water interaction process. The indicators of groundwater quality for irrigation and drinking according to the following criteria (Na+ %, SAR, KR, MH, PS, WQI (WHO), and WQI (BIS)) can be predicted by the FFNN with root mean square errors (RMSE) of 0.136, 0.070, 0.022, 0.073, 2.45 × 10−3, 1.45 × 10−2, and 1.18 × 10−2, respectively, and R2 of 0.99, 1.00, 0.99, 0.99, 1.00, 1.00, and 1.00, respectively.
Antagonism in the Analysis of Foreign Investments in Strategic Companies
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kovalev Aleksandr V. ,   Law Office “Domkiny & Partners”
Published: August 2023

The modern model of attracting foreign investment requires rethinking from the perspective of achieving the development goals of investment objects. The article examines the relationship of the institutional foundations of foreign investment in strategic societies with the development processes of such societies. The author provides data on the presence of some flaws in the institutional foundations, and also reveals extremely insignificant research activity in relation to the issue under study. The work used such general scientific and special methods as the scientometric method, the method of text analysis, the method of retrospective analysis, analytical methods and the method of system analysis. Empirical research materials are presented by open analytical reports of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation, the UN Conference on Trade and Development. The shortcomings were identified and the directions of modernization of the institutional foundations of foreign investment in strategic companies were formed.
Mechanisms for Developing Military Production Diversification Programs Based on the Simulation Methods
Authors:   State University of Management, Mishin Yuri V. , Kosterev Nikolay B. ,   JSC “Scientific Research Institute of the Aviation Industry Economy”, Mishin Aleksandr Yu. ,   Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation, Sukharev Valery B. ,   JSC “Scientific Research Institute of the Aviation Industry Economy”
Published: August 2023

The main purpose of this work is to develop theoretical and methodological provisions for substantiation of strategic decisions in the field of forming (in the context of military production and import substitution diversification) plans for manufacturing high-tech civilian products by enterprises of the domestic military-industrial complex (DIC). The following issues are addressed and resolved in the paper: 1) comparative analysis of the specific features of the organization of the of military products manufacturing was carried out; 2) proposals were made on the range of high-tech civilian products that can be produced by defence industry enterprises in the context of the military production diversification; 3) the expediency of using simulation modeling in formation and justification of military production diversification programs was proved; 4) the fundamental principles of building simulation models were formulated and substantiated; 5) the sequence, order, methods and procedures for developing medium-term and annual plans for economic and social development of diversified defence industry enterprises in the context of diversifying military production were developed. Scientific novelty of the present article consists primarily in qualitative assessment of the impact of changing external factors on the results and performance of economic entities (enterprises), carried out with the help of simulation modeling as a working tool.
Russian Overcoming of Global Value-Based Segregation
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Zakharov Valerii K.
Published: August 2023

The article provides a modern answer to Adam Smith’s classic question on how exactly the vital assets of peoples are created in the states. It is shown that vital assets in the states are originally created through extraction (for a human), production (for a human) and imputation (into a human), which are three qualitatively different main types of vital creativity. This results in identification of three main patterns of life: extractive, productive and imputative. It is argued that with any basic form of life creativity, creation of a changing variety of life assets in the states is carried out mainly due to inclusion of a larger mental component in all creative chains. However, creation of a larger mental capacity can occur only through the concomitant and inevitable expenditure of both the same energy and the same information. Inevitable need for this mentioned expenditure (consumption) is the creative "damnation" of mankind. Strategies for Russia's exit from modern interstate exploitation are described. It is а proved that strategically and epochally the best way for Russia to get out of this system of exploitation is to recreate a sovereign, full-fledged three-pattern vitality, where combination of the main life patterns satisfies the life code that is historically inherent in Russia. It is shown that due to the presence of the mentioned “damnation”, modern Russia has got an energy “lever” that is sufficient (if used correctly) to create its own anti-segregation macro-regional cooperants without pattern-based segregation.
Digital Platform for Managing Scientific and Technological Development within Economic Cooperation Framework
Authors:   MGIMO University, Ageev Aleksandr I. , Grabchak Evgenii P. ,   Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, Loginov Evgenii L. ,   Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation,   Institute for Economic Strategies, Chinaliev Vladimir U. ,   TPS Real Estate JSC
Published: August 2023

In the circumstances of sanctions-related economic and scientific-technical blockade, the need to build digital mechanisms for managing import substitution processes on the basis of planning and coordinating competencies, similar to the competencies that the USSR State Committee for Science and Technology had, has sharply actualized. It is proposed to use intelligent digital platforms to control the development of science and technology based on the principles of the Soviet information network OGAS and EGSVC projects. The authors of the article substantiate necessity to apply digital information and communication technologies and computing services at various levels of management for innovative agents of any form of ownership through creating and configurating multilayer information-management fields.
Information Warfare Between the USSR and the West: Generalization and Experience Comprehension
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Derbin Evgenii A.
Published: August 2023

The article presents a factual retrospective review of the public consciousness deformation as a result of successful subversive ideological and psychological work against the USSR, carried out by the United States in the second half of the 20th century, called the Cold War. Evidence from documents and memoirs of the events participants allows us to realize the continuing relevance of the systemic danger of a destructive information impact for modern Russia.
Victory of Life over Death. Collection of Nikolay Khorikov, a Photojournalist of the Civil War and Famine in the Volga Region
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University, Lomonosova Marina V. , Eliseeva Ekaterina A. ,   Samara Regional Museum of Local History named after I.P. Alabin
Published: August 2023

The present article examines the works of the Samara photographer Nikolay Khorikov, who made a significant contribution into preserving the history of such a large-scale disaster as the famine that befell the Samara province during the Civil War. The main emphasis is made not on building a policy of memory around the inhuman suffering endured by the people, but on the experience of overcoming this greatest humanitarian catastrophe. The author presents the main milestones in the life of N.S. Khorikov, analyzes visual sources — a series of photos taken by the photographer in the 1930s for publication in the central media.
How the Fuhrer and Others Like Him Forced out Soviet Oil from the German Market
Authors:   Belgorod State University, Morozov Stanislav V.
Published: August 2023

Based on diplomatic documents, a detailed picture of driving oil product suppliers — the Soviet companies, Derop and Derunaft — out from the German market during 1933 is restored. Soviet intelligence materials prove that one of the inspirers of this process can be considered the major Anglo-Dutch oil t ycoon Henry Deterding, who in the course of the alleged «crusade» against the USSR, among other things hoped to seize the Caucasian oil fields.
Scientific Knowledge Base in the Lens of Innovation Policy
Authors:   Institute for the Study of Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gaponenko Nadezhda V.
Published: August 2023

The article examines the problem of measuring the scientific knowledge base (SKB) of innovation systems, the solution of which ensures transition to policy reformatting through the prism of SKB, which in its turn makes it possible to form a bridge between SKB and competitive opportunities in the sectoral market, between scientific knowledge and provision of technological and economic security. The developed measurement system was used to evaluate the SKB of Russia’s SIS in the field of nanotechnology in order to answer a number of questions. Has competitive nanoscience been created during the reforms? Are the country’s economic reforms suppor ted by nanotechnological knowledge? Is the scientific sector oriented towards developing breakthrough nanotechnologies of the future?
Band gaps in an acoustic metamaterial composed of resonator with elastic support
Authors: Fan Shengping , Li Jing , Li Linyong , Fan Xiaopeng , Li Hualiang , Gao Nansha
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the band gaps in a mass-spring structure composed of resonator with elastic support are investigated. The band structure, effective parameters, and transmission spectra of the acoustic metamaterials are calculated numerically. The numerical results show that the elastic
support and resonator in the structure generate the first and the second band gap, respectively. The effective parameters are analyzed to reveal the nature of this phenomenon and calculated to obtain the edge frequencies of band gaps. The transmission spectra are in accordance with the complex
band structure. It is found that the attenuation factor is non-zero in band gap, and it determines the shape and magnitude of transmission ratio in band gap. The influences of the structural parameters on the band structure and attenuation factor are investigated numerically. Numerical results
show that the band structure can be modulated by changing the structural parameters, and the topological structure will be changed when those parameters change greatly.
Primary care transformation in Scotland: a qualitative study of GPs’ and multidisciplinary team members’ views
Authors: Donaghy Eddie , Huang Huayi , Henderson David , Wang Harry HX , Guthrie Bruce , Mercer Stewart W
Published: August 2023

Background

The Scottish Government’s vision to transform primary care includes expansion of the primary care multidisciplinary team (MDT), formalised in the new GP contract in April 2018.

Aim

To explore practitioners’ views on the expansion of MDT working in Scotland.

Design and setting

Qualitative study with GPs and a range of MDT staff working in three different population settings in Scotland.

Method

In-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out by telephone with 8 GPs and 19 MDT staff between May and June 2022. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify commonalities and divergences in the interviews.

Results

Internal challenges facing MDT staff included adapting to the fast pace of primary care, building new relationships, training and professional development needs, line management issues, and monitoring and evaluation of performance. External challenges included the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, lack of time, difficulties with hybrid working, and low staff morale. Most GPs reported that expansion of their roles as expert medical specialists had not yet happened because their workload had not decreased (and in many cases had increased). In deprived areas, insufficient resources to deal with the high numbers of patients with complex multimorbidity remained a key issue. Interviewees in remote and rural settings felt the new contract did not take into account the unique challenges of providing primary care services in such areas, and recruitment and accommodation were cited as particular problems.

Conclusion

Although there has been substantial expansion of the primary care MDT, which most GPs welcome, many challenges to effective implementation remain that must be addressed if transformation of primary care in Scotland is to become a reality.
Belajar dan berkuliner materi aritmetika sosial melalui kegiatan jual beli jajanan tradisional dumbeg
Authors: Ardiansyah Adi Satrio , Safitri Adistia Nia , Oktaviani Anisa Firdaus
Published: August 2023

The assumption that mathematics is a difficult and boring subject result in students' lack of understanding of the mathematics. Lack of teacher creativity in carrying out learning is also considered as one of the causes of these problems. There needs to be innovation in learning mathematics such as the development of innovative teaching materials and in accordance with the characteristics of students. This study aims to develop teaching materials for social arithmetic with Ethnomatematics nuances on Dumbeg objects. Development research with a 4D model that is adjusted to 3D is carried out by paying attention to each stage from define, design, to develop. The data in the study were obtained through interviews, ethnographic notes, and questionnaires which were then analyzed descriptively quantitatively to obtain prototypes of teaching materials that were appropriate, easy to understand, and had a good response to students. The results of the study show that teaching materials are appropriate, easy to understand, and have a good response to students. The feasibility of teaching materials can be seen from the final scores by experts and practitioners of 82.93% and 90.67%, respectively. The readability of teaching materials can be seen from the final score of the readers of 89%. Student responses can be seen from the final score of 95%. Thus, the developed prototype is ready to be implemented in class.
Strategi Adaptasi Orang Laut Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Lingga, Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Arman Dedi , Swastiwi Anastasia Wiwik
Published: August 2023

This paper examines the adaptation strategies used by Orang Laut in Lingga Regency, Riau Archipelago Province during the Covid 19 pandemic. The research uses historical research methods. From research, it is known, data from the the Kajang Lingga Foundation, that at the peak of the 2020-2021 pandemic, no Orang Laut were found to have contracted Covid 19. Orang Laut had adaptation strategies during the Covid 19 pandemic. Social restrictions were very effective because the Orang Laut villages were separated from the community. other. The sea people do not understand the disease outbreak that is happening but what they do know is that they are not allowed to leave their village. The nature that is still maintained and the diversity of food, make marine people more prepared to face a pandemic in the long term. Staple foods in the form of sago and fish help them remain independent during the pandemic. In medicine, the Orang Laut rely on traditional medicine to cure certain diseases. Medicines come from plants and animals which during treatment are usually accompanied by a spell by a bomoh (dukun). The ability to recognize plant and animal species, as well as the spells used, is passed down from generation to generation through oral speech from parents
Demokrasi Oligarkis dan Resesi Demokrasi di Indonesia Pasca-Suharto: Sebuah Tinjauan Sejarah Politik
Authors: Muhajir Ahmad , Wulandari Febriyantika
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini menyajikan tinjauan sistematis atas literatur tentang oligarki di Indonesia, yang menawarkan interpretasi khas tentang perubahan politik di Indonesia. Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan sejarah. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa literatur ini memiliki tiga poin penting. Pertama, literatur ini mengajak kita untuk terus merenungkan cara-cara jatuhnya rezim otoriter. Jatuhnya rezim otoriter sering digambarkan sebagai kemenangan mobilitas masyarakat sipil yang pro-demokrasi. Sementara banyak ahli Indonesia menerima pandangan utama ini dalam menjelaskan kejatuhan rezim Suharto, literatur oligarki menunjukkan bahwa kejatuhan tersebut disebabkan bukan begitu banyak oleh bangkitnya kekuatan masyarakat sipil, melainkan oleh ketegangan antara Suharto dan para oligarki, di mana Suharto ditinggalkan oleh mereka. Kedua, oligarki juga mendorong kita untuk mengkaji kembali sifat demokrasi baru di Indonesia. Berbeda dengan pandangan utama tentang demokratisasi yang berpendapat bahwa negara ini sedang mengalami tahap 'konsolidasi' menuju demokrasi liberal, literatur oligarki melihat transisi politik di Indonesia sebagai perjalanan menuju jenis demokrasi yang kurang liberal, yaitu demokrasi oligarkis. Ketiga, Indonesia mengalami transisi dari sistem politik otoriter menjadi demokratis, yang pada awalnya menunjukkan perkembangan menuju konsolidasi demokrasi. Namun, dalam perjalanan proses tersebut, terjadi resesi demokratisasi yang membentuk demokrasi oligarkis.
Revisão sistemática sobre Dilemas Socioambientais e Dilenas Ecológicos na perspectiva educacional
Authors: Paiva Antônia Jaqueline Vitor de , Oliveira Adriano Teixeira de , Costa Gicelly do Nascimento , Shweickardt Kátia Helena Serafina Cruz
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho objetivou realizar uma Revisão Sistemática para identificar trabalhos científicos que abordam os Dilemas Socioambientais e Ecológicos na perspectiva educacional. Para o levantamento de dados foi utilizado o método de Revisão Sistemática em duas fontes de busca, o Portal de Periódicos CAPES e a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Tese e Dissertações (BDTD), entre o período de 1999 e 2021. A produção de trabalhos científicos identificados sobre Dilemas Socioambientais e Ecológicos utilizados na Educação foi um número abaixo do esperado, sendo encontrados apenas cinco trabalhos científicos que se enquadraram nos critérios de inclusão, evidenciando poucas abordagens de sobre esta temática.
Trilhas ecológicas como ferramenta para o ensino e aprendizagem de Educação Ambiental
Authors: Uchôa Maria do Socorro Cardoso , Siqueira Gilmar Wanzeller , Siqueira Maria Alice do Socorro Lima
Published: August 2023

Este trabalho aborda a importância das trilhas ecológicas como ferramenta para o ensino e aprendizagem de Educação Ambiental no Parque Natural Municipal de Redenção (PNMR) no Estado do Pará. As trilhas ecológicas têm o poder de conscientizar e educar a população sobre a importância em cuidar do meio ambiente. Durante a realização da pesquisa, o trajeto realizado foi desde a entrada do parque até o término do percurso, estas informações estão distribuídas em cada ponto, mostrando que a conscientização e a Educação Ambiental ao longo de todo território mantêm todo ambiente limpo e com as espécies protegidas em seu habitat. O trabalha mostra que as áreas de preservação são de suma importância para nossa sociedade no que diz respeito ao quesito de Educação Ambiental.
Hortas escolares sustentáveis: um estudo de caso no município de Alvorada (RS)
Authors: Barros Paulo Cesar Oliveira Guidi de , Righi Eléia , Bulhões Flavia Muradas
Published: August 2023

A quantidade de pessoas expostas à extrema pobreza constitui uma grave ameaça à segurança alimentar e nutricional dos escolares, podendo gerar diversos agravos à saúde dessa população. Este trabalho é fruto de um projeto multidisciplinar, pedagógico-nutricional, de horta escolar sustentável em espaços escolares desocupados. Como resultados, além dos processos de sensibilização e conscientização por meio de trabalhos na horta e em sala de aula, dos diálogos com os alunos, da construção dos saberes e do desenvolvimento de uma cultura ambiental sustentável, houve a inserção de alimentos mais variados e saudáveis na rotina escolar, minimizando o quadro de insegurança alimentar e nutricional da comunidade envolvida.
Les Carnivores, Ongulés et Lagomorphes
Authors: Chagneau Jean , Delpech Françoise , Guadelli Jean-Luc , Martini-Jacquin Angelina , Prat François
Published: August 2023

Représentés au moins par 23 genres, les Carnivores, Ongulés et Lagomorphes se répartissent dans les ensembles stratigraphiques du gisement pour ne former dans chacun d'eux que des associations peu significatives. L'étude de leurs vestiges conservés à la suite d'événements divers n'apporte pas toujours les précisions paléontologiques et chronoclimatologiques souhaitées.
Les Mustélidés
Authors: Delpech Françoise
Published: August 2023

Mustelids at the Baume of Gigny are mainly represented by the weasel, Mustela nivalis and the ermine Mustela erminea whose remains are sufficient for morphological and biométrie studies to be carried out.
Les Ursidés
Authors: Chagneau Jean
Published: August 2023

The Ursids at La Baume de Gigny belong to three species : Ursus deningeri, represented by a relatively archaic form in the lower stratigraphie unit (layers XXVI and XXV) where the remains appear to be in a secondary context. Ursus spelaeus, recognised in the middle stratigraphie unit (layers XIX, XVII and XV) as well as in the upper unit where its specific characteristics are clearly attested. Ursus arctos, the remains of which belong to the wurmian layers (XVI, XV, XII and VI), a half-mandible having been discovered in the holocene layer III
Les Poissons
Authors: Desse Georges , Desse Jean
Published: August 2023

Les restes de poissons de Gigny ont livré 764 pièces vertébrales, dont 50 % peuvent être attribuées au Brochet (Esox lucius Linné). Les auteurs précisent les techniques de discrimination entre Esox lucius et les Salmonidés (particulièrement Salmo trutta Linné), sur des vertèbres altérées lors de la fossilisation.
Building Blocks to Fun in the Sun
Authors: Brinkman Patricia , Merkowitz Rose
Published: August 2023

Building Blocks to Fun in the Sun is an educational applied research project that was implemented in Ohio. This article shares the process of the research, findings, and results that were implemented. The research could be duplicated in other geographic areas. The findings should enhance the educational endeavors of Extension educators.
The Black Belt Environmental Science and Arts Program
Authors: Thorton Linda
Published: August 2023

The goal of the Black Belt Environmental Science and Arts Program (BBSEAP) is to enhance classroom instruction in the environmental sciences for students in grades 5-8 of selected counties in Alabama's Black Belt region. BBSEAP differs from traditional outreach activities in that public school students come to off-campus, outdoor sites for instruction. The Auburn University Environmental Institute (AUEI) administers the program with support from local Alabama Cooperative Extension System (ACES) representatives. Since 2005, more than 2,000 students have participated in the program. Funding for BBESAP comes from government and corporate grants.
Enrollment, Retention, and Activity in an Online Master Gardener Course
Authors: Rhodaback Gail
Published: August 2023

An online version of the OSU Master Gardener training course was launched in the fall of 2006. Student retention in the online course was comparable to retention in on-site trainings. Students who were most active in the course, measured as the number of optional assignments and quizzes completed, were more likely to score higher on the final exam. Online courses have the capacity to broaden the reach of Extension and to allow individuals who traditionally could not take advantage of programs to become a part of the Extension community.
La obra de Francisco Raúl Carnese y su aporte a la Antropología Biológica argentina
Authors: Avena Sergio
Published: August 2023

Francisco Raúl Carnese ha sido una figura central de la Antropología Biológica argentina y latinoamericana. Se abordan sus aportes a la disciplina, a partir de sucesos de interés que han jalonado su trayectoria, tanto por sus actividades de docencia como de investigación. Su actividad ha sido desarrollada primeramente en la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata y luego en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras Universidad de Buenos Aires, siendo decano de ambas instituciones. Ha sido un pionero en la aplicación de la genética de poblaciones en la Antropología argentina, tanto en poblaciones del pasado como actuales, y de pueblos originarios como cosmopolitas. Entre los objetivos centrales de su actividad se encuentran el cuestionamiento a las clasificaciones raciales y el mito de la Argentina blanca, que pretende invisibilizar a los pueblos originarios y afrodescendientes, así como también a la existencia de los procesos de mestizaje en nuestro país.
Una reflexión sobre la Antropología Social argentina
Authors: Bartolomé Miguel A.
Published: August 2023

El propósito de este ensayo es contribuir a la reflexión sobre el pasado reciente, el presente y el eventual futuro de la Antropología Social en la Argentina. Como graduado anterior a la dictadura militar de 1976-1983, pero que vivió la intervención militar de 1966, creo haber sido testigo de sucesos políticos que han impactado hasta el presente el desarrollo de nuestra disciplina, generando ideologías que influyen en la orientación de los estudios étnicos.
Entrevista a Sergio Visacovsky
Authors: Visacovsky Sergio , Zenobi Diego
Published: August 2023

Desde los años 1950, en la Argentina, la Antropología ha venido realizando un camino que combina el avance hacia la profesionalización, la construcción de instituciones y la creación de publicaciones académicas. En las últimas décadas estos procesos se han vinculado, además, con los cambios en las formas de circulación de los saberes científicos, la aparición de posgrados y la especialización temática. A lo largo de esas décadas, la revista Runa ha contribuido a la reflexión y construcción de imaginarios y posiciones sobre la Antropología en nuestro país y pueden leerse en su historia las trazas de algunas luchas teóricas y políticas al interior de la Antropología local. En esta entrevista, el Dr. Sergio Visacovsky repasa estos procesos desde la perspectiva de quien ha alternado la formación profesional en el extranjero y en nuestro país, y ha contribuido a la formación de nuevos campos de investigación. A través del diálogo surgen las conexiones entre estas cuestiones y otros procesos más amplios, tales como las crisis nacionales, la recuperación del sistema científico argentino y la inquietud acerca de las posibilidades de investigar, publicar y de ser leídos desde el sur.
Nosotros, los otros y el poder. Antropología y sectores dominantes en la revista RUNA (1948-2018).
Authors: Ambrogi Sofía , Argañaraz Cecilia
Published: August 2023

Este artículo propone una exploración de las producciones de la Revista RUNA, desde el año 1948 al 2018, orientada a identificar aquellos trabajos en los cuales se produzcan conocimientos y se efectúen análisis que involucren a sectores dominantes, entendidos en sentido amplio. La preocupación que motiva este abordaje comprende un diagnóstico previo de ausencia o notable inferioridad numérica de las producciones antropológicas que traten como objeto de estudio a estos grupos. Tal disparidad en el abordaje de los diversos actores sociales tiene sin dudas consecuencias en las posibilidades transformadoras que el conocimiento antropológico genera, las cuales urge discutir. A partir de la identificación de algunas líneas temáticas en las cuales se aborda o vislumbra un análisis antropológico de sectores dominantes, pretendemos ofrecer algunos lineamientos para encarar esa discusión hacia dentro de la disciplina.
Crania patagónica
Authors: Sardi Marina
Published: August 2023

En Argentina, como en otros países, los restos óseos de distintas poblaciones humanas, en particular el cráneo, han sido el referente empírico tradicional de los estudios de la vieja Antropología Física y la nueva Antropología Biológica. Sin embargo, los estudios de Historia de la Ciencia nunca se basan en estas materialidades, sino más bien en los cambios teóricos y metodológicos. El objetivo del este trabajo es aportar elementos para entender la Historia de la Antropología a partir de las colecciones de cráneos y sus dimensiones materiales, intelectuales y políticas. A partir del estudio morfológico de Marcelo Bórmida sobre cráneos indígenas de la Patagonia se propone pensar las condiciones de posibilidad de la investigación en nuestro país. Se espera, finalmente, aportar una reflexión sobre cómo las restituciones de restos humanos desafían los objetivos tradicionales de nuestra disciplina.
Notas sobre la irrupción de la Antropología Social en la Universidad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Balbi Fernando Alberto
Published: August 2023

En este ensayo exploro algunos aspectos de la forma en que la Antropología Social fue implantada en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires a partir de 1984, rastreando sus huellas en las páginas de Runa y recuperando mi propia experiencia. Asimismo, sugiero que en esos años se sentaron las bases de algunos rasgos que caracterizan a la situación actual de la especialidad en esta casa de estudios, tales como la fuerte impronta política de nuestras investigaciones y la heterogeneidad de sus orientaciones teóricas y metodológicas, entre otras.
“El principal vehículo de su suerte…” Nombre, archivo y americanismo conservador en el prólogo del primer número de la revista Runa
Authors: Masotta Carlos
Published: August 2023

El artículo explora el texto titulado “Cuatro palabras” con el que José Imbelloni prologó el primer número de la revista Runa (del Instituto de Antropología - Facultad de Filosofía y Letras - UBA) en 1948. Se trata de un texto breve que encabezó aquel número de la publicación y en el que su director expuso los lineamientos generales para la revista deteniéndose en un comentario y explicación sobre la naturaleza e invención del nombre Runa. Archivo para las ciencias del hombre. Indagaré en esos comentarios en tanto operación discursiva y cifra de un capítulo relevante de la autodefinición de la Antropología local en el período.
Hubungan Karakteristik, Kompetensi, dan Motivasi Dengan Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian Di Dinas Ketahanan Pangan dan Pertanian Kota Malang Jawa Timur
Authors: Prasetyo Hendro , Permatasari Monica , Hanim Faridha
Published: August 2023

Kinerja penyuluh pertanian perlu diperhatikan dalam rangka menyukseskan program urban farming khususnya di Kota Malang, maka dari itu perlu diteliti faktor yang mampu meningkatkan kinerja para penyuluh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik, kompetensi, motivasi dan kinerja serta mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memiliki hubungan dengan kinerja penyuluh pertanian di Dinas Ketahanan dan Pertanian Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyuluh didominasi oleh penyuluh berusia tua dan muda, dengan latar belakang pendidikan S1, dengan masa kerja kurang dari 15 tahun dan pelatihan yang didapat kurang dari 3 kali dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Kompetensi para penyuluh berada pada kategori cukup kompeten. Motivasi para penyuluh berada pada kategori cukup termotivasi, dan kinerja penyuluh berada pada kategori cukup optimal. Faktor yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kinerja adalah usia, masa kerja, kompetensi dalam merencanakan program, melakasanakan program, dan mengevaluasi serta kebutuhan berprestasi. Faktor yang tidak mempunyai hubungan adalah pendidikan, pelatihan, kompetensi pengembangan profesi, dan kebutuhan berafiliasi.
Heterogeneidades infantiles
Authors: Fatyass Rocío , Llobet Valeria
Published: August 2023

En este artículo analizamos experiencias de cuidado en niñas y niños en un barrio empobrecido de la ciudad de Villa María (Córdoba, Argentina), desde el enfoque de los estudios sociales de la infancia. En el trabajo metodológico nos basamos en notas de campo etnográficas y en entrevistas semi-estructuradas dirigidas a niñas y niños. Los resultados señalan que las prácticas y relaciones de cuidado desplegadas por las ellas y ellos configuran repertorios de acción meticulosos, precisos e imprescindibles para sus trayectorias vitales, son significativos para sus familias y son diferentes de acuerdo a la edad, el género y diferentes formas de pertenencia de niños y niñas.
Akut Kolesistitli Hastaların Tedavisinde Perkütan Kolesistostominin Etkinliği ve Klinik Seyri
Authors: KAYA Veysel , TAHTABAŞI Mehmet
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Akut kolesistitli (AK) hastaların tedavisinde perkütan kolesistostomi’nin (PK) etkinliğinin, güvenilirliğinin ve klinik sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesidir.
Materyal ve metod: Ocak 2020 ve Mayıs 2022 tarihleri arasında Mehmet Akif İnan Hastanesi ve Harran Üniversitesi Hastanesi’nde PK uygulanan 18 yaşından büyük tüm hastalar retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Hastaların demografik verileri (yaş ve cinsiyet), komorbiditeleri, katater çekilme süresi, hastanede yatış süresi, Amerikan Anestezi Derneği (ASA) skoru, interval kolesistektomi ve mortalite gelişme durumu kaydedildi. AK şiddetine göre grade 1 (hafif), grade 2 (orta) ve grade 3 (şiddetli) olmak üzere üçe ayrıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 130 hastanın 76’sı (%58.5) kadın olup hastaların ortalama yaşı 71.9 (aralık: 36-92) yıl idi. En sık eşlik eden hastalıklar hipertansiyon (n=28, % 21.5) ve koroner arter hastalığı (n=26, %20.0) idi. Hastaların 70’inde (%53.8) taşlı kolesistit ve 115’inde (%88.5) hidropik safra kesesi vardı. Hastaların 68’inin (% 52.3) ASA skoru 3-4 ve 14’ü (%10.8) grade 3 kolesistit idi. PK’nın teknik başarısı %100 idi. Hastane içi mortalite oranı %15.4 (n=20) olup ölen hastaların yaş ortalaması taburcu olanlara göre anlamlı olarak daha fazlaydı (81.2 ± 8.5 ve 70.1 ± 13.8 yıl, p<0.001). Mortalite gelişen hastalarda şiddetli (grade 3) AK oranı ve yüksek ASA skoruna (ASA 3 ve 4) sahip olma oranı taburcu olanlara kıyasla anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (sırasıyla; %40’a %5.5; p<0.001 ve %80’e %47.3; p=0.006). Ölen hastaların hastanede kalış süresi daha uzun (median değer, 28’e 13 gün; p=0.002) ve CRP değeri anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (86.2 ±23.8 ve 11.4 ± 6.4 g/dl; p=0.032). PK sonrası hastaların %46.2’sine (n=60) kolesistektomi uygulandı.
Sonuç: Akut kolesistitli hastaların hem cerrahi öncesi köprüleme tedavisinde hem de kesin tedavisinde PK etkin ve güvenle uygulanabilir. Ayrıca PK uygulanan hastaların ileri yaşta olmasının, eşlik eden hastalıklara bağlı yüksek ASA skoruna sahip olmasının ve şiddetli kolesistit varlığının mortaliteyi arttırdığı görünmektedir.
Investigation of the Relationship Between Malpractice Fear and Job Satisfaction Among Emergency Physicians
Authors: CAN Derya , BAYER Nükhet
Published: August 2023

Background: The number of physicians sued for malpractice is increasing, and this situation causes a fear of malpractice in physicians. The aim of this study is to determine the malpractice fear and the level of job satisfaction among emergency physicians and to examine the relationship between these factors.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted with emergency physicians at four different training and research hospitals in Ankara, Türkiye. Malpractice fear and job satisfaction have been evaluated with Malpractice Fear Scale (MFS) and Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS). Questionnaire method was used in the study.
Results: The research has been completed with 143 physicians [mean age: 33.10±7.0 years, age range: 24-51 years, male: 107 (74.8%)]. It was found that 19.5% of the participants were reported for malpractice, 11.8% were sued, and no one was penalized. It has been determined that the participants scored 3.6±0.9 points on the MFS and 2.4±0.7 points on the JSS in 1-5 point range. A negative, moderate, and statistically significant correlation has been found between the MFS and the JSS (r= -0.551; p<0.01).
Conclusion: In our study, it has been found that emergency physicians have a high level of malpractice fear and a low level of job satisfaction. There is no statistically significant difference in the level of malpractice fear and job satisfaction according to the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. Increased fear of malpractice decreases the job satisfaction.
Hipertansiyon Hastalarının Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Yöntemleri Kullanımına ‎İlişkin Bilgi ve Tutumları
Authors: KOÇ Suat , KOÇAKOĞLU Şenay
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Şanlıurfa ilindeki hipertansiyon hastalarının geleneksel tamamlayıcı tıp (GETAT) yöntemleri kullanımlarına ilişkin bilgi düzeylerini ve tutumlarını araştırmaktır.
Materyal ve metod: Prospektif, kesitsel, tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışma Temmuz-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında Şanlıurfa ilinde aile sağlığı merkezlerinden hizmet alan 258 hipertansiyon hastası ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, katılımcı-ların sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri ile Türkiye’de GETAT yönetmeliğinde yer alan, onaylanmış fitoterapi, mezo-terapi, akupunktur, hipnoz, kupa, müzikterapi, larva, apiterapi, osteopati gibi yöntemlerin kullanımı hakkında bilgi ve tutumlarını ölçmeye yönelik araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen 25 soruluk anket formu ve 13 soruluk “Tamamlayıcı Tedavileri Kullanmaya Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği (TTTÖ) yüz yüze anket tekniği uygulanarak elde edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılanların %55,4’ü (n=143) kadın, %44,6’sı (n=115) erkek olup %32,9'unun (n=85) yaşları 60 yaş ve üzerindeydi. 82 katılımcı (%31,8) 10-19 yıldır hipertansiyon hastasıydı. Katılımcıların %79,8’i (n=206) hipertansiyon tedavisinde GETAT yöntemlerini kullanmaktaydı ve en çok tercih edilen GETAT yöntemi %73,6 (n=190) oranı ile fitoterapi idi. GETAT yöntemlerinin kullanılmaması gerekli durumlar sorulduğunda çoğunluğu (%65,1, n=168) bu konuda bilgi sahibi olmadıklarını ifade etti.
Sonuç: Hipertansiyon hastalığı olan katılımcıların çoğunluğunun hipertansiyon tedavilerinde GETAT yöntemlerini tercih ettikleri, yarısından fazlasının ise bu yöntemlerin kullanılmaması geren durumlar hakkında bilgi sahibi olmadık-ları görülmüştür. Hastaların GETAT yöntemlerinden en doğru şekilde yararlanabilmeleri ve yanlış kullanımdan doğabi-lecek olası zararların önüne geçilebilmesi için başta ilk başvuru noktası olan aile hekimleri olmak üzere güvenilir kaynaklardan bilgi ve danışmanlık almaya ihtiyaçları vardır.
Image Fictions: Fabricating Worlds
Authors:   Washington University in St. Louis, Vale Constance
Published: August 2023

Images play a central role in contemporary culture, and it is crucial that architects understand, control, and engineer their political forces.¹ From hyper-real simulations to machine vision, the structure and way that images are mobilized is changing. Photorealistic techniques and data-driven ones are entrusted as “objective” image types, often deployed to represent reality, truth, or facts, when in actuality, they can be used to call those into question through critical narratives. This paper investigates the potential of images to cultivate conversations about emerging technology’s implications in architecture. A pedagogical case study is put forward that frames critical, image-based narratives used in the examination of social, political, economic, or ecological issues within an urban territory. Each project addresses how the territory might interface with a selected emerging technology, including artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles (AVs), drones, automation, and augmented reality (AR). “Objective” image types are examined—both historical ones like construction documents, patent drawings, and diagrams, and contemporary ones like satellite imaging, video games, LiDAR, and photogrammetry—to foreground the following questions. How does architecture, a field tasked with confronting the “real,” contend with the complex overlap of virtual and physical realms? How might our projections of future “realities” take on political positions rather than respond to the desires of capital?
Composer avec la Chronique coloniale. L’intertextualité comme « stratégie du brouillage » dans l’oeuvre de Patrick Chamoiseau
Authors:   , Baehler Eva
Published: August 2023

Notre thèse de doctorat s’intéresse à l’intertextualité dans l’œuvre de Patrick Chamoiseau, à ce qu’elle révèle comme à ce qu’elle dissimule de la relation ambivalente que l’écrivain créole entretient avec ses prédécesseurs, qu’il s’agisse d’Édouard Glissant, du canon littéraire français ou plus particulièrement de ce qu’il nomme lui-même la « Chronique coloniale ». Ce corpus hétérogène, constitué de relations de voyage, de mémoires d’histoire naturelle et d’autres traités relatifs aux Antilles françaises produits entre la fin du XVIIe siècle et l’Abolition de 1848, se situe à l’origine d’une longue histoire d’aliénation identitaire et culturelle. Or dans le même temps, ce socle documentaire s’avère incontournable pour dépeindre la souffrance et la résistance des esclaves africains et créoles, dont il constitue le seul témoignage écrit direct ; par ailleurs, la Chronique coloniale a balisé la nature des îles françaises d’Amérique et initié avec elle un rapport de domination qui en a durablement influencé les représentations, aux Antilles comme au-delà. Pour toutes ces raisons, les « scripteurs » coloniaux revêtent un statut éminemment paradoxal pour Chamoiseau qui les a absorbés mais ne peut dans un premier temps les reconnaître ouvertement comme sources, au risque de mettre en péril la posture d’écrivain de la créolité sur laquelle il a fondé ses premiers textes. Si des contradictions semblables ont été observées chez d’autres auteurs francophones, elles apparaissent comme fondatrices chez Chamoiseau qui, dans le même temps, les exploite pour l’élaboration d’une poétique marquée par l’ambivalence. Notre travail se propose donc d’examiner la façon dont Chamoiseau se confronte à ces deux grands informulables que sont l’horreur esclavagiste et la beauté de la nature en composant avec certains hypotextes coloniaux dont le principal, selon nous, est le Nouveau Voyage aux isles d’Amériques (1722) du Père Jean-Baptiste Labat, missionnaire dominicain envoyé en Martinique au tournant du XVIIIe siècle. Ce faisant, nous tentons de démontrer que l’intertextualité poétique se révèle chez Patrick Chamoiseau un moyen privilégié de s’approprier les discours et les représentations initiées par le l’ordre esclavagiste et le colonialisme tout en s’interrogeant sur ses propres hantises et élans d’écrivain.
Quando o tempo se torna espaço
Authors: Freitas Alexandre Siqueira de
Published: August 2023

Este texto se situa em interseções de campos disciplinares, especialmente dos EstudosInterartes e da Fenomenologia. Reflete sobre as vivências do tempo na música em geral e,particularmente, na canção “Clube da esquina no. 2”, composta por Milton Nascimento, LôBorges e Márcio Borges, na gravação de Milton Nascimento, do álbum Angelus (1993). Opercurso metodológico deste artigo se baseia principalmente, em três referências teóricas:a aproximação entre música e mito no que tange às experiências do tempo (LÉVI-STRAUSS,2010), o entendimento de música enquanto imagem (IAZZETTA, 2016; CAESAR, 2001) e osconceitos de espaços estriado e liso (BOULEZ, 1963). Como resultados, o artigo inscreve a canção – em suas possíveis experiências com tempos, espaços e imagens (visuais e sonoras) – na perspectiva do hibridismo da arte contemporânea.
comum, a comunidade (e seus opostos)
Authors: Carvalho Daniel Filipe
Published: August 2023

O artigo a seguir é produto de uma palestra apresentada no Colóquio Encruzilhadas, Fricções e Dissensos na Arte Colaborativa, realizado na UFMG em novembro de 2022. O objetivo do texto é pensar a articulação entre os conceitos de “comum” e “comunidade” por meio de uma reflexão sobre o “comum” enquanto elemento fundante de sociabilidade e enquanto objeto de luta política a partir da perspectiva desenvolvida por alguns pensadores contemporâneos. Para isso o texto: 1) apresenta uma caracterização geral do conceito de comunidade nos termos em que foi pensado especialmente pela tradição sociológica; 2) aponta a crítica de Roberto Esposito a esta abordagem e sua reinterpretação dos conceitos de comunidade e de comum e, por fim; 3) conecta sua reflexão sobre a necessidade de expansão dos espaços do comum com outras perspectivas contemporâneas em torno de uma política do comum, tal como desenvolvidas por Hardt e Negri, Silvia Federici e Dardot e Laval.