bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qualitative behaviour of a stochastic hepatitis C epidemic model in cellular level
Authors: Lestari Dwi ,   Department of Mathematics, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Megawati Noorma Yulia , Susyanto Nanang , Adi-Kusumo Fajar ,   Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a mathematical model describing the dynamical of the spread of hepatitis C virus (HCV) at a cellular level with a stochastic noise in the transmission rate is developed from the deterministic model. The unique time-global solution for any positive initial value is served. The Ito's Formula, the suitable Lyapunov function, and other stochastic analysis techniques are used to analyze the model dynamics. The numerical simulations are carried out to describe the analytical results. These results highlight the impact of the noise intensity accelerating the extinction of the disease.
Izvršenje presuda Europskog suda za ljudska prava u građanskopravnim međunarodnim otmicama djece u Republici Hrvatskoj – nova otvorena pitanja
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, Župan Mirela , Poretti Paula ,   Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, Drventić Martina ,   Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Published: December 2021

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) established a violation of the (European) Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECHR) in several cases of international parental child abduction before Croatian courts. The length and the manner in which the proceedings concerning the return of the child were conducted constituted grounds for establishment of a violation of the right to a fair trial and the right to respect for private and family life. The execution of these judgments is still pending before the Committee of Ministers, despite the fact that the measures ordered resulted with a modified Croatian legal regime introduced through the Act on the Application of the Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction. The Act includes a number of procedural improvements which align the practice of Croatian courts with international and European standards. However, the judgment of the ECtHR in Adžić v Croatia (no. 2) reveals that there is still no unambiguous answer to the question whether extraordinary appellate proceedings should be permitted in child abduction cases. Hence, the authors critically analyse the possibility of initiating an extraordinary appellate proceedings in these cases from a civil procedure and private international law aspect. The conclusion takes into account the specific circumstances of the case at hand as well as the case law of the ECtHR in relevant cases concerning other contracting states.
Ugovorna odgovornost liječnika u rimskom pravu
Authors:   Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia, Žiha Nikol
Published: December 2021

The paper explores the emergence of contractual liability of physicians in Roman law. Although medicine was in its rudimentary form, the question of the nature of medical liability was problematized as early as the antiquity, when the principle of a physician’s responsibility for negligence, but not necessarily for the ultimate success of a treatment, developed. After initial considerations aimed at identifying who was to be recognised as a physician and what qualifications had to be met in order to be considered a part of the medical profession, through the analysis of legal sources, the central part of the paper aims to determine the legal nature of the contract and, accordingly, the legal protection available to the patient. The final part of the paper examines the preconditions for medical liability, as well as compensation, and concludes with a review of the basic principles that laid the foundation for further development of a physician’s liability for damage caused by a violation of medical science standards.
Pobojnost namjernog oštećenja vjerovnika stečajnog dužnika
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia, Bilić Antun , Bratković Marko ,   Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: December 2021

It is clear from the case law of Croatian courts that intentional disadvantaging the creditors (regulated in Article 202 of the Insolvency Act) is the most commonly used ground for contesting the legal transactions of an insolvent debtor. On this ground, all legal transactions undertaken in the suspect period of as long as ten years before the submission of the application for opening (pre-)insolvency proceedings until the opening insolvency proceedings can be contested. The authorized contester, however, in litigation has a tall order of proving not only that the debtor took action with the intent to disadvantage its creditors but also that the opponent of the contestation was aware of that intent. The debtor’s intent to disadvantage its creditors and the awareness of the opponent of the contestation are both determined on the basis of objective indications that are at the heart of the analysis of this paper. Incongruent settlement, the unequal value of consideration, unusual contractual clauses, the proximity of the insolvency debtor and the opponent of the contestation, and the debtor’s (threatening) inability to pay his debts are most often recognized in case law as indications of intentional disadvantaging the creditors of an insolvent debtor. In addition to certain objections to the normative regulation of the institute itself, especially regarding the drafting of presumptions that make it easier to prove the contester’s awareness of the debtor’s intention to disadvantage its creditors, the paper presents a critical assessment of case law that could facilitate its harmonization and serve as a guide to authorized contesters as to whether it is appropriate to engage in contestation or not.
Integracija poslova ureda državne uprave u županijsku upravu: dosadašnji rezultati
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia, Lopižić Iva , Manojlović Toman Romea ,   Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: December 2021

In January 2020, the county state administration offices, as former first-instance state administration bodies, ceased to operate. By legislative amendments of October 2019, most of their tasks were transferred to the counties’ delegated scope of affairs. The paper presents the peculiarities of the legal regime of delegated scope of affairs and it introduces the organizational forms that the counties are using in order to perform the delegated tasks. The first results of the abolition of county administrative offices are evaluated on the basis of semi-structured interviews conducted with the heads of county administration bodies responsible for general administration affairs. The results obtained so far are classified into three categories. The first category consists of the positive results of this organizational change: better material rights of employees, better working conditions and unchanged or slightly improved position of citizens. The second category consists of the negative results: weaker control exercised by the central government and the loss of control over general acts of units of local self-government. The third category consists of open questions: whether there will be a new increase in the number of employees, or whether their current reduction will affect the quality of work; what is the position of the county governor and whether politicization will increase; what is the future role of counties and whether there can be inequality in the performance of delegated state tasks between counties. The paper represents the basis for further evaluation studies on the abolition of county state administration offices and opens the doors for further research.
Prigovor kao pravni lijek prema Zakonu o općem upravnom postupku
Authors:   Adminstrative Court in Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia, Rajko Alen
Published: December 2021

In addition to resolving administrative matters in the administrative procedure, the Croatian General Administrative Procedure Act regulates five other types of subsidiary legal protection that are not decided by an administrative act. These are three types of administrative actions (initiating procedure ex officio by petition; notifications on the conditions for exercising and protecting rights; protection from other actions of public law bodies), actions of public service providers, as well as non-fulfillment of contractual obligations by public bodies (administrative contracts). As an instrument of legal protection with regard to the mentioned forms of administrative activity, an ordinary appellate procedure is envisaged – the complaint. The paper analyzes the legislative genesis of the mentioned additional institutes, the general regulatory framework related to complaints, as well as the provisions related to a particular type of complaint. Due to the significant differences between the five legal institutes to which the complaint relates, there are also certain differences between the types of complaints in their essential legal features. These features are compared horizontally, using legal-theoretical and normative criteria. In relation to all types of complaints, a judicial remedy is provided in the administrative dispute. Therefore, the specifics of this type of administrative disputes are also considered. In conclusion, among other issues, the procedural importance of complaint for the realization of the rights and legal interests of citizens and legal entities, and indirectly for the quality of administrative activities, is emphasized.
Review EUROCRIM 2021, 21. godišnja konferencija Europskog udruženja za kriminologiju “Criminology in a time of pandemic”, 8. – 10. rujna 2021., online konferencija
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia, Šprem Petra , Pribisalić Dalia ,   Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Published: December 2021

Review of the conference EUROCRIM 2021, 21st Annual Conference of the European Society of Criminology “Criminology in a time of pandemic”, 8 – 10 September 2021.
Developing the Competences of Generation Z with Innovative Teaching Methods in the Context of the Requirement of Labour Market by Industry 4.0
Authors: Machová Renáta , Korcsmáros Enikő , Šeben Zoltán , Fehér Lilla , Tóth Zsuzsanna
Published: December 2021

The advent of the 4. Industrial Revolution brings new opportunities, but also risks to entrepreneurs and employees as well as to education systems and the methods of teaching the present generation in education system. New job opportunities, new forms of work bring demands both from practice and from individual point of view, especially in terms of developing new competences and skills that are usable today. The scientific article is a partial output from the KEGA project 005UJS-4/2019 entitled “Streamlining Managerial Sills of the generations Z and Y by gamification on the context of linking science and practice", which is solved at the Faculty of Economics of the J. Selye University in Komárno. The current period in which we live is influenced by the rapid growth of knowledge. The established methods and forms of teaching must be changed by the school that prepares the individual to be able to adapt to changing requirements. The impact of scientific and technological progress on education is a societal problem, where the contradiction between the amount of new knowledge in individual fields of science and the educational possibilities of the school has to be addressed. The main aim of our research is to point out the effective use of innovative teaching methods by application of gamification, which leads to the development of new competences in the generation Z, which will be easier to apply in the labour market.
Industry-University-Research Interaction Model for Teaching Quality Evaluation of Economic Management Courses
Authors: Xiao Yang , Zhang Xijun , Ren Shengnan , Li Hongyun
Published: December 2021

Teaching quality evaluation is an important means of colleges to control teaching quality, and expedite teachers to keep improving teaching levels. Based on industry-university-research interaction (IURI) model, this paper surveys the current state of teaching quality evaluation of college teachers, establishes the indices for teaching quality evaluation of economic management courses, and presents a few countermeasures for improving teaching quality evaluation. The results show that: teaching quality evaluation covers three types of data: student evaluation, supervisor evaluation, and network-assisted teaching evaluation. Our student evaluation index system covers four dimensions: teaching attitude, teaching content, teaching method, and teaching effect. Our expert evaluation index system also covers four dimensions: teaching preparation, teaching ability, teaching management, and teaching effect. Our multi-subject teaching quality evaluation system for economic management courses covers four modules: student module, teacher module, supervisor module, and administrator module. This research lays a theoretical basis for applying the IURI model in teaching reform.
Appliance Control with IOT-Arduino of Voice Command Detection for Mobility Impaired People
Authors: Zainuddin Aznilinda , Zubir Nur Aliah , Aminuddin Nor Aqilah , Khirul Ashar Nur Dalila , Mahadan Mohd Ezwan
Published: December 2021

People with physical mobility disabilities experience limited ability to perform daily routine. Integration between home appliances and Internet of Thing (IoT) can be used to support these people. The technology allows tasks to be performed much more easily and enable access to applications and services that would be a challenge with existing digital user interfaces. However, the developed system that is commercially available is costly and equipped with highly specific interfaces which may require considerable technical competency to conduct system interfacing. The purpose of this study is to develop a low cost IOT system for voice-enabled lamp control by utilizing Google Assistant that is available in commercial Android based mobile devices, allowing user to operate lighting appliances without moving. Personal assistance using Google platform embedded with Arduino microcontroller, ESP8266-based NodeMCU development board and integrated Blynk application allow for remote monitoring capability. The system is remotely controlled from a tablet or smartphone to assist disabled people with restricted mobility, in particular those with lower limb disabilities. The system had been tested and demonstrated that the lamp control can be easily accessed by voice command that is then validated using voice pitch analyzer. Test result indicated that capability of the integrated voice control system is verified up to a maximum distance of 24.5 meter, making it a potential implementation in any customized smart home or room system for people with mobile disability.
Low-Cost Camera-Based Smart Surveillance System for Detecting, Recognizing, and Tracking Masked Human Face
Authors: Haryadi Ervan Adiwijaya , Jati Grafika , Husodo Ario Yudo , Jatmiko Wisnu
Published: December 2021

A surveillance system is still the most exciting and practical security system to prevent crime effectively. The primary purpose of this system is to recognize the identity of the face caught by the camera. With the advancement of the Internet of things, surveillance systems were implemented on edge devices such as the low-cost Raspberry mobile camera. It raises the challenge of unstructured image/video where the video contains low quality, blur, and variations of human poses. The challenge is increasing because people used to wear a mask during the Covid -19 pandemic.  Therefore, we proposed developing an all-in-one surveillance system with face detection, recognition, and face tracking capabilities. This system integrated three modules: MTCNN face detector, VGGFace2 face recognition, and Discriminative Single-Shot Segmentation (D3S) tracker to create a system capable of tracking the faces of people caught on surveillance camera. We also train new face mask data to recognize and track. This system obtains data from the Raspberry Pi camera and processes images on the cloud as a mobile sensor approach. The proposed system successfully implemented and obtained competitive results in detection, recognition, and tracking under an unconstrained surveillance camera.
WhatsApp and Its Potential to Develop Communication Skills among University Students
Authors: Morsidi Suraya , Abu Samah Norazrena , Abdul Rahman Khairul Anuar , Mohamad Ashari Zakiah , Jumaat Nurul Farhana , Abdullah Abdul Halim
Published: December 2021

Excellent communication skills among graduates are very crucial for their future and career development. WhatsApp application is seen to have the potential to develop these skills since it has robust functions and features, easy to use, and free. However, there are still issues in implementing this application as a tool in developing communication skills by utilizing this application for educational purposes among UTM students. Hence, this study was aiming to investigate the level of WhatsApp usage in education, the level of communication skills by utilizing WhatsApp for educational purposes among students, and their correlations. Student’s perception of using WhatsApp in education was also investigated. This study was based on quantitative research conducted using a survey design, where online questionnaires were distributed randomly among 400 UTM students based on simple random method. Findings showed that there is a high level of WhatsApp usage in education among UTM students and also a high level of communication skills by utilizing this application for educational purposes among UTM students. It was supported by a strong positive linear correlation that existed between these two variables. Students also showed positive perceptions of utilizing WhatsApp in education to develop their communication skills. Therefore, lecturers and students are encouraged to utilize WhatsApp application in education as it can help in fortifying communication skills among students who later become competent graduates that can meet the demand from the industries.
Futurs enseignants de l’école primaire : connaissances des stratégies d’enseignement, curriculaires et disciplinaires pour l’enseignement de la programmation
Authors: Drot-Delange Béatrice , Parriaux Gabriel , Reffay Christophe
Published: December 2021

Dans un contexte de reconfiguration disciplinaire de l’informatique à l’école primaire, cette étude porte sur la formation des futurs enseignants et sur leurs représentations dans le domaine de la pensée informatique, en particulier de la programmation. Issues de trois écoles (deux françaises et une suisse) de formation des enseignants, 135 séances produites par 283 étudiants ont été analysées à travers le prisme des connaissances professionnelles des enseignants concernant les stratégies d’enseignement et les connaissances curriculaires et disciplinaires. Nos résultats montrent qu’en termes de stratégies d’enseignement, la progression des activités et les choix des modalités pédagogiques restent impensées. L’analyse des connaissances disciplinaires montre des confusions entre condition et événement et entre programme et donnée. Ces constats sont discutés en termes d’enjeux didactiques et de formation.
Étude didactique de l’impact d’un dispositif de formation continue à un enseignement des sciences fondé sur l’investigation
Authors: Munier Valérie , Bächtold Manuel , Cross David , Chesnais Aurélie , Lepareur Céline , Molvinger Karine , Gurgand Marc , Tricot André
Published: December 2021

Cet article présente et discute les principaux résultats d’un projet visant à évaluer l’impact d’un parcours de formation à un enseignement des sciences fondé sur l’investigation, adressé à des enseignants du 1er degré en poste. L'étude porte sur les pratiques des enseignants et sur les apprentissages des élèves, leur motivation pour les sciences et leur vision des sciences. Ce parcours a été élaboré, piloté et mis en œuvre par la fondation « La main à la pâte » dans le cadre de ses Maisons pour la science, indépendamment des chercheurs impliqués dans l’étude de son impact. Il s’agit ici de présenter, d’une part, la manière dont l’équipe de chercheurs, associant didacticiens des sciences, psychologues et économistes de l’éducation, s’est emparée de la demande d’évaluation de l’impact de ce dispositif de formation et, d’autre part, les résultats de l’étude. Nous décrivons tout d’abord le protocole de recherche, associant analyses qualitatives et quantitatives. Nous précisons ensuite les outils théoriques et méthodologiques développés : pour étudier l’évolution des connaissances et capacités des élèves, de leur motivation pour les sciences et de leur vision des sciences ; pour étudier l’évolution des connaissances (notamment didactiques et épistémologiques) et des pratiques déclarées des enseignants ; pour caractériser les formations et interpréter les liens entre formation, connaissances et pratiques des enseignants. Puis, nous présentons les résultats des analyses qui montrent un effet très limité du parcours de formation à la fois sur les apprentissages des élèves et sur les pratiques des enseignants. Les analyses qualitatives des formations permettent de proposer des pistes d’explication de ces effets et de questionner les hypothèses qui sous-tendent ce parcours. Enfin, nous proposons des pistes de réflexion sur les modèles de formation des enseignants en sciences.
Le tracé des vecteurs en cinématique : étude de réponses d’étudiants de licence 1 de physique
Authors: Di Fabio Alice , Hosson (de) Cécile , Décamp Nicolas
Published: December 2021

L’importance des vecteurs en cinématique s’explique par le fait qu’un vecteur relatif à un mobile en mouvement contient, dans ses caractéristiques, un certain nombre d’informations sur le mouvement de ce mobile. Notre travail cible l’aptitude d’étudiants de première année universitaire à manipuler les vecteurs en cinématique et, par conséquent, leur compréhension des concepts de position, vitesse et accélération après enseignement de mécanique. Dans un exercice sur la chute libre, on regarde comment ils tracent les vecteurs position, vitesse et accélération. On analyse 421 réponses d’étudiants. Ce sont les outils de la théorie anthropologique du didactique, blocs pratico-technique et technologico-théorique, qui nous permettent de comparer les tâches a priori et les tâches effectives des étudiants. Le traitement des données s’effectue dans deux directions : une analyse par type de vecteur qui aboutit à la caractérisation des erreurs les plus fréquentes commises par les étudiants ; une analyse par profils de réponse c’est-à-dire qui traite les trois vecteurs simultanément. On constate que c’est le vecteur position qui pose le plus de difficultés. On observe également l’absence de cohérence dans le tracé des trois types de vecteurs ce qui semble révéler une incompréhension des concepts de base de cinématique.
Les postures entre science et croyance religieuse : construction d’un modèle d’analyse et comparaison avec les taxonomies existantes
Authors: Wolfs José-Luis , Delhaye Coralie , Altepe Cansu , Vanhove Roxane , Hassan Wafaa
Published: December 2021

Le but de cet article est d’examiner différentes grilles d’analyse des postures entre science et croyance religieuse. Après en avoir donné un aperçu succinct, l’article compare plus systématiquement celle de Yasri, Arthur, Smith, Mancy (2013), publiée dans Science and Education, conçue par leurs auteurs comme une synthèse de cinq grilles existantes, et celle de Wolfs, Delhaye, Altepe, Vanhove et Hassan. L’analyse fait ressortir des points communs, mais aussi des différences d’ordre épistémologique et idéologique : recherche de complémentarités entre science et croyance religieuse chez Yasri, Arthur, Smith, Mancy (2013), mise en évidence de postures « épistémo-historiques » chez Wolfs, Delhaye, Altepe, Vanhove, et Hassan et analyse de leur compatibilité avec une conception sécularisée de la science. Une brève discussion sur l’intérêt et les limites de ces grilles, notamment à des fins didactiques clôt l’article.
Le rôle des connaissances de référence dans la gestion des phases de débat scientifique à l’école primaire en Suisse romande
Authors: Marlot Corinne , Boilevin Jean-Marie
Published: December 2021

Cette recherche aborde en premier lieu la question du rôle de l’enseignant et des supports mobilisés lors de la gestion de débats argumentatifs en classe. L’étude s’appuie sur l’élaboration collective et la mise en œuvre d’une séance de classe avec des élèves de 8-9 ans. Elle vise à comprendre la contribution des connaissances de référence (en tant qu’ensemble évolutif de connaissances d’ordre théorique ou empirique, relatives au thème abordé, disponibles à la fois chez le maître et chez les élèves et ayant été publiquement validées) dans l’apparition chez les élèves d’« effets d’argumentation » sur les possibles. Les résultats permettent de caractériser la construction de ces connaissances qui vont permettre, in fine, la production de premières explications du phénomène. Ces explications, comme autant de premières règles, seront ensuite mises à l’épreuve dans le cadre d’une situation-problème. Par ailleurs, cette étude présente le débat scientifique comme un processus interactif de partage des responsabilités entre l’enseignant.e et les élèves. Dans ce contexte et d’un point de vue didactique, les connaissances de référence qu’elles soient de nature empirique ou théorique, jouent le rôle d’arrière-plan commun. La mise en tension des deux registres (empirique et théorique) permet de construire au fil des interactions langagières des significations partagées. Les élèves participent ainsi pleinement à la validation et l’enseignant, de son côté, s’en tient aux aspects essentiels du savoir en jeu. La mobilisation de ces connaissances de référence lors des phases de débat semble soutenir la gestion par l’enseignante débutante de ces phases interactives qui inquiètent souvent les novices.
Sustainable Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Norouzi Nima
Published: December 2021

The sustainable revolution constitutes a multiscalar process characterized by gradual interconnection and digitization in economic globalization. This work confronts the discourses derived from this socioeconomic process with the biophysical limits of the planet through the analysis of the material requirements of the basic infrastructure necessary for the technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Through the study of the discourses and the current situation of natural resources, 13 metals have been identified whose availability in the next 30 years constitutes the limiting factors for the effective deployment of the technologies of this process. In this situation, the theoretical foundations of future potential are established where techno-optimistic and degrowth discourses coexist through uneven development, making sustainability a characteristic based on exclusivity.
Strategic Adaptive Resilience Capacity
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: December 2021

This chapter analyzes the adaptive resilience capacity as an organizational strategy. It is assumed that the development of organizational resilience capabilities can support the transformation and adaptation strategies aimed to enhance the socio ecosystem services. One of the organizational capabilities is organizational resilience assuming that adverse conditions have an impact on the organization which may remain vulnerable unless it learns new capabilities and actions, adapts to access changing resources, and creates iteratively new forms and opportunities with the available resources. It is concluded that a strategic adaptive capacity approach to organizational resilience supports the design and implementation of more flexible and progressive strategies to face any kind of environmental disturbances, crises, and shocks to become more competitive in the global marketplace environment.
Reinventing Operating Models for Sustainable Organizational Performance
Authors: Nicha Andrade Julijana
Published: December 2021

The main argument elaborated in this chapter is that companies, particularly start-ups, need to continuously work on their business leadership, human capital, and organizational change and persistence in order to survive and keep thriving even in uncertain times, such as the post-COVID-19 period. Additionally, the chapter argues that Pfeffer's seven principles for organizational success are still very relevant today and recommends to start-ups to use this framework. The chapter draws from the literature on human capital and management, organizational structure and perseverance, and responsible business leadership. The drawings from the literature are then applied to a single case study, the recruitment consultancy The Big Search. The findings confirm that Pfeffer's seven principles for organizational success are highly relevant today to companies that do want to invest in their performance and success. Moreover, the findings show the challenges and opportunities that start-ups, such as The Big Search, have gone through.
Leveraging Self-Directed Learning in the Skills-Based Economy
Authors: Boyer Naomi R. , Payne Shelley Suzanne
Published: December 2021

The planning, processing, facilitation, delivery, and evaluation of learning in formal and informal education environments through learner self-direction has become an imperative competency for personal and professional success. The proliferation of virtual learning and working is one variable driving the accelerated focus on self-directed learning (SDL); however, there are many additional economic, social, policy, and structural reasons why SDL is vital in the nascent skills-based economy. To address this need, a digital micro-credential was designed to intentionally and transparently provide all learners, not just those with educational pedigree, social standing, and financial prosperity, with the necessary skills and tools for operationalizing SDL in their lives. The described context, content, development process, validation, and iteration of the proposed SDL digital micro-credential couples a theoretical foundation of SDL with a practical application that has the promise to scale the adoption and promotion of SDL more broadly.
Digital Technology Deployment in Multi-National Enterprises
Authors: Irizar Jose
Published: December 2021

After the longest period of continuous growth in its history, the automotive industry is experiencing a most dramatic downturn. The challenge for automobile companies is not just to cope with the three converging trends of vehicle electrification, autonomous driving, and shared mobility, but also to make the best judgement on how and where to invest in a declining market. Digital is becoming the de facto way of operating along the value chain. Advanced automation, artificial intelligence (AI), and additive manufacturing will reshape traditional processes. This chapter reports upon the implementation of new digital technologies and related critical success factors in two multi-national industries, with major interests in the automotive sector. It takes an empirical approach, analysing use cases, projects, and input from experts. The findings assess the repercussions for IT strategy and changes in business processes impacted by the use of new technologies and illustrate how people skill requirements have evolved, both within the IT organisation and in other company departments.
Cloud Computing and Information Systems Strategy in Multi-National Companies
Authors: Weber Christian
Published: December 2021

This chapter explores how information systems (IS) strategy is developed and implemented in multi-subsidiary international groups, and how this has been influenced by the advent of cloud computing and the solutions offered by the major cloud providers. Using an inductive, qualitative research approach, the chapter assesses learnings to date from cloud adoption, reports on individual expert interviews, and discusses future challenges for those companies embarking upon cloud projects. Key issues distilled from the literature and the in-depth interviews with practitioners are identified and discussed. The chapter concludes that cloud has significantly impacted IS strategy within multi-national organizations, allowing flexibility in various scenarios like, for example, moving from monolithic enterprise resource planning applications to a micro-service based architecture. There are nevertheless a range of strategic and operational issues that must be carefully managed and planned for, including multiple aspects of compliance and security.
Virtual Team Leadership, Operation, and Technology Deployment
Authors: Quade Anatoli
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 situation has shown many leaders that their face-to-face meetings leadership style may well now be a thing of the past. Tech-savvy companies are now deploying new technologies to support the creation and leadership of virtual teams, working remotely in different locations around the globe. This presents a range of new challenges for both project leaders and team members, who must now adopt new ways of working. Using an inductive approach based on an analysis of relevant literature, online surveys, and in-depth interviews with project leaders and other practitioners, this chapter examines the transitioning to virtual team leadership and operation, identifies critical success factors, and discusses the facilitating role of new technologies. An operational model (V-CORPS) to guide the building and operation of virtual teams is developed and explained with the aim of increasing the flexibility and efficiency of virtual project teams and establishing a checklist of action points for team building and leading.
Nature-Inspired Algorithm Applied to a Renewable Energy-Integrating Hydro-Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Hazra Sunanda , Roy Provas Kumar
Published: December 2021

Due to the rising requirement on energy sources and the global doubts for using fossil fuel because of its consequences on the climate changes and the global warming caused by hazardous gases, the scientific research has shifted to the renewable energy. To minimize the usage of thermal power generation plants and to meet the rising load demand, a thermal-integrated wind-hydro-system is taking an important role in renewable power systems. A proficient nature-inspired optimization is proposed for solving economic and emission dispatch for the hydro-thermal-wind (HTW) scheduling problem. Further, the opposition-based learning have been incorporated with the chemical reaction optimization for improving the performance of the algorithm. To investigate the performance of oppositional chemical reaction optimization algorithm, the algorithm is tested on two different cases. Along with this, some statistical tests have also been performed. The results obtained by the OCRO algorithm are compared with other recently proposed methods to establish its robustness.
Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm for Electrical Power Systems Applications
Authors: El-Sehiemy Ragab A. , Abdelaziz Almoataz Y.
Published: December 2021

Optimization has been an active area of research for several decades. As many real-world optimization problems become increasingly complex, better optimization algorithms are always needed. Recently, meta-heuristic global optimization algorithms have become a popular choice for solving complex and intricate problems, which are otherwise difficult to solve by traditional methods. This chapter reviews the recent applications of ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm in the field of electrical power systems. Also, the progress of the ACO algorithm and its recent developments are discussed. This chapter covers the aspects like (1) basics of ACO algorithm, (2) progress of ACO algorithm, (3) classification of electrical power system applications, and (4) future of ACO for modern power systems application.
DNA Computing
Authors: Mondal Mandrita
Published: December 2021

The modern era of classical silicon-based computing is at the edge of a number of technological challenges which include huge energy consumption, requirement of massive memory space, and generation of e-waste. The proposed alternative to this pitfall is nanocomputing, which was first exemplified in the form of DNA computing. Recently, DNA computing is gaining acceptance in the field of eco-friendly, unconventional, nature-inspired computation. The future of computing depends on making it renewable, as this can cause a drastic improvement in energy consumption. Thus, to save the natural resources and to stop the growing toxicity of the planet, reversibility is being imposed on DNA computing so that it can replace the traditional form of computation. This chapter reflects the foundation of DNA computing and renewability of this multidisciplinary domain that can be produced optimally and run from available natural resources.
Educação sexual no rincão nacional
Authors: Moreira Kenia Hilda
Published: December 2021

Questionamos o tema educação sexual na revista Folha da Serra, em Campo Grande, sul de Mato Grosso, na década de 1930, a partir de duas perspectivas: relação entre moral e ciência; e inclusão da educação sexual como disciplina escolar. Pautados nos referenciais sobre história da educação sexual e história das sensibilidades, concluímos que não se tratava de uma liberdade sexual, mas de uma nova regulação, utilizando-se dos mesmos códigos para estabelecer outra moral, pregando novos sentidos, valores e sensibilidades no que se refere ao sexo e à sexualidade. Ao abordar o tema da sexualidade, substituindo a moral religiosa pela moral científica, apresentando a educação sexual pela perspectiva racional, a revista objetivou conferir àquele rincão nacional um aspecto de moderno.
Intensive Care Unit Utilization Following Major Surgery and the Nurse Work Environment
Authors: Krupp Anna , Lasater Karen B. , McHugh Matthew D.
Published: December 2021

Background

Across hospitals, there is wide variation in ICU utilization after surgery. However, it is unknown whether and to what extent the nurse work environment is associated with a patient’s odds of admission to an intensive care unit.

Purpose

To estimate the relationship between hospitals’ nurse work environment and a patient’s likelihood of ICU admission and mortality following surgery.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of 269 764 adult surgical patients in 453 hospitals was conducted. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the effects of the work environment on the odds of patients’ admission to the intensive care unit and mortality.

Results

Patients in hospitals with good work environments had 16% lower odds of intensive care unit admission and 15% lower odds of mortality or intensive care unit admission than patients in hospitals with mixed or poor environments.

Conclusions

Patients in hospitals with better nurse work environments were less likely to be admitted to an intensive care unit and less likely to die. Hospitals with better nurse work environments may be better equipped to provide postoperative patient care on lower acuity units.
King coconut - The golden nut of Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayasinghe Maheshika D. , Hewajulige Ilmi G. N.
Published: December 2021

King coconut (Cocos nucifera), a variety of coconut that is native to Sri Lanka. King coconut water is one of the fastest growing export commodities in Sri Lanka during the last decade. Rich nutritional profiles of sugars, vitamins, minerals and amino acids with profound therapeutic values have made king coconut water a popular functional beverage worldwide. This paper highlights the importance of optimum pre-harvest factors (variety, maturity) along with systematic processing, packing, transporting and storage; to maintain a consistent quality of the king coconut water.
Inhibition of H3K27me3 Demethylases Promotes Plasmablast Formation
Authors: Kania Anna K , Guo Muyao , Scharer Christopher D , Boss Jeremy M
Published: December 2021

B cell differentiation into Ab-secreting plasma cells requires transcriptional, metabolic, and epigenetic remodeling. Histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), a histone modification associated with gene silencing, is dynamically regulated during B cell differentiation. Although several studies have focused on mechanisms involving the gain of this modification in plasmablasts (PB), the role of active demethylation of H3K27me3 by ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat, X chromosome (UTX) and Jumonji domain-containing protein 3 (JMDJ3) during B cell differentiation has not been examined. In this study, this process was assessed using a pharmacological inhibitor of UTX and JMJD3, GSK-J4. Treatment of ex vivo stimulated mouse B cells with GSK-J4 led to an increase in PB frequency without affecting the ability of the newly formed PB to secrete Abs. Consistent with the role of UTX and JMJD3 in promoting gene expression, the majority of differentially expressed were downregulated upon GSK-J4 treatment. GSK-J4–treated cells downregulated genes associated with signaling and P53 pathways. Inhibitor treated cells upregulated genes associated with cell cycle and proliferation, which correlated with an increase in actively proliferating cells. Unexpectedly, a majority of the downregulated transcripts corresponded to genes that in the wild-type setting were genes that gain H3K27me3 and downregulated in PB. Together, our results show that UTX and JMDJ3 are required to restrain B cell differentiation and suggest that they function as a rheostat for H3K27me3 to control this process.
Protective HLA Alleles Recruit Biased and Largely Similar Antigen-Specific T Cell Repertoires across Different Outcomes in HIV Infection
Authors: Koning Dan , Quakkelaar Esther D , Schellens Ingrid M M , Spierings Eric , van Baarle Debbie
Published: December 2021

CD8+ T cells play an important role in the control of untreated HIV infection. Several studies have suggested a decisive role of TCRs involved in anti-HIV immunity. HLA-B*27 and B*57 are often associated with a delayed HIV disease progression, but the exact correlates that provide superior immunity against HIV are not known. To investigate if the T cell repertoire underlies the protective effect in disease outcome in HLA-B*27 and B*57+ individuals, we analyzed Ag-specific TCR profiles from progressors (n = 13) and slow progressors (n = 11) expressing either B*27 or B*57. Our data showed no differences in TCR diversity between progressors and slow progressors. Both alleles recruit biased T cell repertoires (i.e., TCR populations skewed toward specific TRBV families or CDR3 regions). This bias was unrelated to disease progression and was remarkably profound for HLA-B*57, in which TRBV family usage and CDR3 sequences were shared to some extent even between epitopes. Conclusively, these data suggest that the T cell repertoires recruited by protective HLA alleles are highly similar between progressors and slow progressors in terms of TCR diversity, TCR usage, and cross-reactivity.
Intrinsic Antiviral Activity of Optineurin Prevents Hyperproliferation of a Primary Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection
Authors: Patil Chandrashekhar D , Suryawanshi Rahul , Ames Joshua , Koganti Raghuram , Agelidis Alex , Kapoor Divya , Yadavalli Tejabhiram , Koujah Lulia , Tseng Henry C , Shukla Deepak
Published: December 2021

Very little knowledge exists on virus-specific host cell intrinsic mechanisms that prevent hyperproliferation of primary HSV type 2 (HSV-2) genital infections. In this study, we provide evidence that the Nemo-related protein, optineurin (OPTN), plays a key role in restricting HSV-2 infection both in vitro and in vivo. Contrary to previous reports regarding the proviral role of OPTN during Sendai virus infection, we demonstrate that lack of OPTN in cells causes enhanced virus production. OPTN deficiency negatively affects the host autophagy response and results in a marked reduction of CCL5 induction. OPTN knockout (OPTN−/−) mice display exacerbated genital disease and dysregulated T cell frequencies in infected tissues and lymph nodes. A human transcriptomic profile dataset provides further credence that a strong positive correlation exists between CCL5 upregulation and OPTN expression during HSV-2 genital infection. Our findings underscore a previously unknown OPTN/CCL5 nexus that restricts hyperproliferative spread of primary HSV-2 infection, which may constitute an intrinsic host defense mechanism against herpesviruses in general.
Regularity of the singular set in the fully nonlinear obstacle problem
Authors: Savin Ovidiu , Yu Hui
Published: December 2021

For the obstacle problem involving a convex fully nonlinear elliptic operator, we show that the singular set in the free boundary stratifies. The top stratum is locally covered by a

C^{1,\alpha}

manifold, and the lower strata are covered by

C^{1,\log^\varepsilon}

manifolds. This recovers some of the recent regularity results due to Colombo–Spolaor–Velichkov (2018) and Figalli–Serra (2019) when the operator is the Laplacian.
Signposts on the Page: Reading Devotional Texts Through Scribal Signs and Symbols
Authors: Opalińska Monika
Published: December 2021

Medieval authors used an elaborate system of tools and techniques to organize texts in a transparent and orderly way. Toward the beginning of the 13th century, scribes adopted some of the old tools and put them to use in new functions. These measures are discernible, inter alia, in pastoral works devised to aid the clergy to carry out their duties more effectively. The goal of this paper is to analyse how the techniques were used on a microscale – in short texts of doctrinal importance – to convey complex theological notions in a visually clear and practical way.
Le patrimoine scientifique des Invisibles. Reconsidérer les Petites–Mains au service de l’anatomie comparée au Muséum de Paris
Authors: Vayron Olivier
Published: December 2021

Au sein du Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, les assistants naturalistes formaient une classe particulière au XIXe siècle. Ces employés produisaient une grande partie des collections de l’institution, contribuaient activement aux travaux des professeurs, et participaient même parfois à leur renommée. Néanmoins, ces assistants étaient plongés dans l’ombre des scientifiques, à tel point que nombre d’entre eux ont complètement disparu de la mémoire du Muséum. Dans certains cas, notamment pour les moulages d’après le vivant, leur travail est même attribué à de grandes personnalités, souvent à des professeurs. Les assistants naturalistes semblent historiographiquement peu étudiés; pourtant l’examen de ces employés à travers leurs productions matérielles permettrait de mieux comprendre l’histoire du Muséum et le développement de ses chaires.

The Scientific Patrimony of the Invisibles: a Reconsideration of the Little Hands in the Service of Comparative Anatomy at the Muséum de Paris
Within the Muséum national d’histoire naturelle of Paris, the assistant naturalists of the 19th century formed a particular class. These employees produced a large part of the institution’s collections, actively contributed to the work of the professors, and sometimes even participated in their renown. Nevertheless, these assistants were engulfed in the shadows of the scientists, to such an extent that many of them have completely disappeared from the memory of the Museum. In some cases, especially for life casts, their work is even attributed to the great personalities, often to professors. Assistant naturalists appear to be under–studied; yet the examination of these employees through their material productions would allow a better understanding of the Museum’s history and the development of its departments.