bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fundamentos de farmacología oncológica
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, Cevallos-Barrera Edwin , Duque-Proaño Galo ,   Universidad del Azuay
Published: January 2023

Los autores describen, con rigor científico y especial esmero, los objetivos del tratamiento oncológico, las formas de acción de los medicamentos antineoplásicos, los efectos secundarios, las complicaciones, y la farmacoeconomía de ellos, con el afán de acompañar a los lectores por el camino apropiado para la compresión de la compleja diversidad temática que esta especialidad médica implica. Los diferentes temas están abordados con la valiosa contribución de un gran número de expertos en el área, apoyados por médicos jóvenes que cursan la especialidad de oncología u otras, e incluso internos rotativos y estudiantes de grado, mostrando su importancia en todas las áreas del ejercicio de la medicina. La obra constituye no solamente el esfuerzo y aporte de sus autores a la comunidad médico-científica de nuestro país, sino que es una contribución para el conocimiento de las posibilidades que actualmente existen en el mundo para el control de este grave mal que puede concebirse como una epidemia de este siglo y que ahora tiene mejores perspectivas de ser derrotada. 494 páginas ISBN: 978-9942-778-69-7 e-ISBN: 978-9942-778-70-3
Memorias del I Congreso de energías renovables y eficiencia energética
Authors:   Universidad del Azuay, López-Hidalgo Andrés , García-Pérez Tasi ,   Universidad del Azuay, Muñoz-Véñez Andrea , Guillén-Cordero Verónica ,   Universidad del Azuay
Published: January 2023

En la actualidad, existen tecnologías que permiten comunicarse, de una manera efectiva, desde diferentes lugares del mundo y en cualquier momento gracias al internet. Sin embargo, se deben mantener intercambios de conocimientos científicos y culturales, con un contacto directo entre personas para mejorar las relaciones humanas, siendo una de las estrategias más usadas durante mucho tiempo, los eventos académicos como los congresos. El “I Congreso Internacional de Energías Renovables y Eficiencia Energética” es un ejemplo de unión de varias instituciones con la finalidad de compartir experiencias y conocimientos. Son organizadores instituciones de educación superior como: Universidad del Azuay (sede del congreso), Universidad de Cuenca y Universidad Politécnica Salesiana; e instituciones auspiciantes como: Asociación Ecuatoriana de Energías Renovables y Eficiencia Energética, Graiman, Elecaustro, Centrosur,Intienergías, 25 años Futuro Latinoamericano, Renova Energía, Cedia y Cieela. 154 páginas ISBN:978-9942-822-49-9 e-ISBN:978-9942-822-50-5
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RHETORICAL STRUCTURE OF SEVERAL THESIS ABSTRACTS BY UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITAS BENGKULU
Authors: Wijaya Bayu , Arsyad Safnil , Hardiah Mei
Published: January 2023

The abstract in every research paper has always served as an attention-grabber, either encouraging readers to continue reading the research or discouraging them from doing so. This research is aimed to find the most dominant move and step of thesis abstract by undergraduate students and to identify any differences. This research used a mix method approach. The design of this research is descriptive, using quantitative as well as qualitative data. The data was taken from thirty undergraduate thesis abstracts of Education faculty from University of Bengkulu who graduated between 2019 to 2022. Hyland’s five-move model will be used for research instrument. The result showed that, the majority and most dominant moves that found were Move 2 (purpose) 100%, followed by Move 3 (Method) 97%, Move 4 (Product) 97% and Move 5 (Conclusion) 80%, while the most dominant Step that found was Step 1 of Move 2 (Stating the purpose directly) 100%. Also, there is no significant differences of Move from the three study programs (English, Physic and Guidance and Counselling). Conclusion, most of the students were simply following the “Thesis Writing Guidelines” in writing their abstracts. Therefore, it would be better for the department in charge to revise the guidelines and use this research as a reference or guidance for a better abstract writing.
LAW REFORM IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE RULE OF LAW AND INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE CASE OF TURKEY
Authors: EFE Ahmet , YAZICI Sinan
Published: January 2023

The rule of Law is one of the critical concepts that guarantee the existence of a state. This concept becomes even more critical, especially in the mechanisms of the state that are directly related to the public, such as public administrations. Although the idea of the rule of Law is ontologically vital for the countries, it is essential to correctly determine the elements that constitute the Rule of Law in public administration and the internal and external factors. In addition, the relationship between public administration reforms and justice reforms, the effects of the Rule of Law, or how to increase and better integrate the rule of law dimensions in public administration reforms may constantly come up. In this research, the effect of supranational institutions such as the United Nations and the European Union, which are external factors, on establishing the Rule of Law in public administrations is examined through the example of Turkey. The study claims that supranational institutions such as the UN and the EU have essential effects on establishing law. After the beginning of the 2000s, when the EU membership process started to be especially effective, reports on Turkey produced by both the UN and EU institutions were discussed. Problems, the relations between them, and the reforms made in Turkey are examined, and the adequacy of the reforms made in Turkey in ensuring the Rule of Law is discussed. Even though events such as terrorist incidents and coup attempts have caused severe disruptions in practices in Turkey, it has been concluded that the public administration and legal reforms made significant contributions to the Rule of Law.
Clinical resolution in diagnosis of leukoplastic lesion associated with oral dysplasia: case report
Authors: Freire Angela Victoria de Souza , Silva Júnior Jefferson Pires da , Cavalcante Bruna Mirely da Silva , Silva Flávio Lima do Amaral , Belém Leandro Coelho , Soares Allysson
Published: January 2023

The objective of the present study is to report a clinical case that emphasizes the diagnosis of mild epithelial dysplasia located in the unilateral region of the buccal mucosa. Patient, 49 years old, female, pheoderma, attended the dental clinic of the Nilton Lins University, referring a dental fracture as the main reason for the consultation. The intraoral clinical examination revealed a unilateral lesion in the buccal mucosa with plaque characteristics and whitish coloration. Initially, it was decided to perform an excisional biopsy of the lesion with a diagnostic hypothesis of lichen planus. The extracted pieces were sent to the Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine of the Federal University of Amazonas School of Medicine for confirmation of the diagnostic hypothesis, confirmed by the report as mild epithelial dysplasia. Subsequently, the patient was referred to perform the other dental procedures that were later scheduled and is under follow-up, with no complaints or adverse complications. Therefore, given the clinical resolution presented, the differential diagnosis was essential, enabling a satisfactory clinical conduct.
PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN PUBLIK DALAM PANDANG MAQASID SYARIAH ISLAM PADA MASA HARUN AR-RASYID
Authors: Alimuddin Agus , Alvia Risa
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTIslamic economic perspective, state finances are the top priority to be able to be pooled from the resources gathered and issued for regional development, so as to bring about the welfare of the people. This paper tries to re-examine the management of the public finances during the Abbasid dynasty at the time of Harun Ar-Rasyid's caliph who ruled for 23 years, the state income came from taxes, zakat, and the spoils of war taken in three categories. The purpose of this writing is to find out how the public finances are practiced by the caliph Harun Ar-Rasyid. The method used by library research, Pustaka research aims to collect data and information from the help of various materials contained in the library room, such as books, magazines, documents, records, historical stories and others. To assist in the administration of the state, the caliph formed Diwanul Kharaj to take care of the country's finances. As for the management of financial problems of the State, a financial institution, Baitul Maal (State Treasury) was formed.Keywords: Harun Ar-Rasyid, Islam, Finance. ABSTRAKPerspektif ekonomi Islam, keuangan negara menjadi prioritas utama untuk dapat dikekola dari sumber-sumber yang dihimpun dan dikeluarkan untuk pembangunan wilayah, sehingga dapat mendatangkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Tulisan ini mencoba menelaah ulang pengelolaan keuangan publik di masa dinasti Abbasiyah pada saat khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid yang memerintah selama 23 tahun, pendapatan negara berasal dari pajak, zakat, dan rampasan perang yang diambil dengan tiga kategori. Tujuan penulisan ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana keuangan publik yang dipraktikkan oleh khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid lalu mencoba melihat dengan menggunakan pandangan maqasid syariah. Metode yang digunakan penelitian pustaka, penelitian pustaka bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari bantuan bermacam-macam material yang terdapat di ruang perpustakaan, seperti buku-buku, majalah, dokumen, catata, kisah-kisah sejarah dan lain-lainnya. Untuk membantu kegiatan administrasi negara maka khalifah membentuk Diwanul Kharaj untuk mengurus keuangan negara. Sedangkan untuk pengelolaan masalah keuangan Negara maka dibentuk suatu lembaga keuangan yaitu Baitul Maal (Kas Negara).Kata Kunci: Harun Ar-Rasyid, Islam, Keuangan.
STUDI KOMPARASI KONSEP BIAYA PEMELIHARAAN BARANG JAMINAN DAN KONSEP BUNGA DALAM PRESPEKTIF HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH (PEGADAIAN SYARIAH DAN PEGADAIAN CONVENSIONAL DI AMBON)
Authors: Kelibia Muhammad Umar
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan menjelaskan persamaan dan perbedaan konsep pemeliharaan pada pegadaian syariah dan konsep bunga pada pegadaian convensional di kota Ambon untuk selanjutnya dianalisis berdasarkan hukum ekonomi syariah dengan menggunakan al-Qur’an, hadits, fatwa DSN-MUI, dan maslahah-mursalah.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (Field research) dan bersifat eksploratif yaitu berupa penjelasan tentang perbandingan konsep biaya pemeliharaan di pegadaian syariah dan konsep bunga dipegadaian convensional dalam kajian prespektif Hukum Ekonomi Islam. Lokasi penelitian di Kota Ambon. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Pendekatan Komparatif (Comparative Approach) dan Pendekatan Konseptual (Conceptual Approach).Hasil penelitian ini menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan antara biaya pemeliharaan di pegadaian syariah dan konsep bunga di pegadaian convensional kota Ambon.  Diantara persamaannya adalah adanya barang jaminan atas pinjaman, pegadaian syariah ataupun pegadaian convensional sama-sama menarik keuntungan dari barang gadai, tidak dizinkan pemanfaatan barang jaminan tanpa seizin pemiliknya, barang gadai boleh dilelang atau dijual karena setelah jatuh tempo nasabah tidak melunasi dan nasabah berhak mendapatkan sisa penjualan atau lelang atas barang gadai yang terjual. Perbedaannya adalah pegadaian syariah tidak menarik bunga dari besarnya pinjaman tetapi nasabah dikenakan  biaya pemeliharaan dengan mekanismenya dihitung  dari nominal harga taksiran barang yang akan digadaikan, sedangkan pada pegadaian convensional bunga dihitung berdasarkan  besarnya nominal pinjaman.  Keduanya terlihat sama-sama mengambil untung tapi berbeda pada dasar perhitungan. Pegadaian syariah tidak mengambil keuntungan dari besarnya pinjaman karena itu bertentangan dengan fatwa DSN-MUI NO: 1 tahun 2004 tentang Bunga (Interest/Fa’ida) dan Hukum Islam (Maslah-mursalah), tambahan atau keuntungan yang dihitung berdasarkan besar pinjaman disebut sebagai riba. Kata Kunci: Biaya Pemeliharaan, Konsep Bunga, Pegadain syariah, Mashlahah
STRATEGI BAITUL MAAL HIDAYATULLAH DAN PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI UMAT DI KOTA AMBON
Authors: Lapandewa Ruslan , Naya Farid , Relubun Dety Aryani
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana strategi Baitul Maal Hidayatullah Maluku dalam pemberdayaan ekonomi umat. Tipe penelitian ini field research dengan pendekatan kualitatif dimana pengumpulan data di lakukan dengan metode observasi serta wawancara. Pengolahan data penelitian di analisis dengan analisis SWOT dimana hasil yg didapat (a). Bersinergi dengan para mitra yang bertujuan untuk mendorong mustahik menjadi muzakki yaitu melalui pemberdayaan-pemberdayaan ekonomi salah satunya dengan diberikan dana zakat produktif untuk mengembangkan potensi usaha yang dimiliki. (b). Bekerja sama dengan pihak lembaga pemerintah dengan bertujuan untuk mendorong Da’i sebagai motor pengerak yang berkelanjutan, melalui pemberdayaan ekonomi di pesantren. 2. Strategi yang bisa dilakukan oleh BMH ialah: (a). harus Mendesain program program pemberdayaann ekonominya  agar dapat meraih peluang-peluang eksternal. (b). perlu Menambah jaringan kerja antar lembaga agar dapat memanfaatkan peluang-peluang dari eksternal. (c). memberikan  Pelatihan maupun pembenahan secara intensif kepada SDM agar dapat meminimalisir dampak dari ancaman eksternal. (d). Memanfaatkan potensi-potensi yang dimiliki agar tetap produktif serta dapat bertahan dari ancaman. Kata Kunci: Strategi, Pemberdayaan, LAZ.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN BAHASA ASING MEMBANGUN CITRA MEREK PRODUK DALAM MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Masniati Andi
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat bagaimana bahasa asing mampu membangun citra merek pada sebuah produk dan mempengaruhi perilaku pembelian konsumen. Berdasarkan hasil olah data menggunakan regresi baik secara parsial maupun simultan diketahui bahwa variabel merek berbahasa asing berpengaruh positif dan memiliki signifikansi terhadap keputusan pembelian yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa jurusan Manajemen Bisnis Syariah IAIN Ambon sebagai konsumen. Hasil olah data juga memperlihatkan variabel dominan. Penggunaan merek produk yang berbahasa asing memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen pada mahasiswa jurusan Manajemen Bisnis Syariah IAIN Ambon. Artinya bahwa mahasiswa sebagai konsumen lebih memilih produk yang bermerek berbahasa asing dikarenakan memiliki citra merek yang lebih baik dan lebih bergengsi. Persepsi produk yang lebih baik dikarenakan konsumen berasumsi bahwa Bahasa asing merupakan bahasa global dan produk-produk tersebut telah Go-International sehingga muncul rasa bangga dalam menggunakan produk-produk tersebut.Kata Kunci: Bahasa Asing, Citra Merek, Produk, Perilaku Konsumen
Peran Corporate Social Responsibility dan Good Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pada Perbankan di Indonesia Periode 2014-2019
Authors: Idayanti Rini , Hasni Hasni
Published: January 2023

AbstractAssessing the company's financial performance is very important to do to determine the health condition of banks, especially when the economic crisis occurs. Return on Assets (ROA) is one of the ratios for measuring financial performance. Where ROA is defined as the effectiveness of the company in generating profits by utilizing its assets. This study aims to examine the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Good Corporate Governance (GCG) on financial performance as proxied by Return on Assets (ROA). With a quantitative approach and using panel data regression analysis. The population used in this research is banking listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) 2014-2019, the sample used in this study was selected by purposive judgment sampling, the results of this study indicate that social responsibility (Corporate Social Responsibility) has a significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Meanwhile, Good Corporate Governance (GCG) has no significant effect on Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE).Keyword :Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE). AbstrakMenilai Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan sangat penting  dilakukan  untuk  mengetahui  kondisi  kesehatan perbankan terutam44a saat  krisis  ekonomi terjadi,   Return  on  Assets  (ROA) merupakan salah  satu  rasio  untuk pengukuran kinerja keuangan. Dimana ROA didefinisikan sebagai efektivitas perusahaan dalam menghasilkan laba dengan memanfaatkan aktiva yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) terhadap kinerja keuangan yang diproksikan pada Return on Asset (ROA). Dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan analisis regresi data panel. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2014-2019, sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini  dipilih  secara  purposive  judgment  sampling, Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab sosial (Corporate Social Responsibility) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Assets (ROA) dan Return on Equity (ROE). Sedangkan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Assets (ROA) dan Return on Equity (ROE).Kata Kunci : Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Good Corporate Governance (GCG), Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE).
DIVERGENSI CONTROL & CASH FLOW RIGHTS: MENGIDENTIFIKASI TRANSAKSI AFILIASI YANG BERSIFAT OPURTUNISTIK
Authors: Malawat Fadli Fendi
Published: January 2023

Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  menganalisis hubungan divergensi pemisahan control right dan cash flow right dalam mekanisme kepemilikan piramida terhadap besaran transaksi afiliasi yang bersifat opurtunistik. Teknik analisis regresi digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian, perusahaan manufakur yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama 2014-2016 menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini. Lebih lanjut teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat motivasi yang kuat dari pemegang saham mayoritas untuk mengendalikan perusahaan melalui mekanisme divergensi control & cash flow rights dalam menentukan kebijakan dan arah perusahaan untuk kepentingan pribadi dengan memanfaatkan keuntungan dari transaksi afiliasi antar perusahaan.
STRATEGI PEMASARAN SAGU DALAM MENINGKATKAN POTENSI PASAR PERSPEKTIF MANAJEMEN BISNIS SYARIAH
Authors: Sermaf Nur Jihan Fahira Hasan
Published: January 2023

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran sagu dalam meningkatkan potensi pasar ditinjau dari perspektif manajemen bisnis syariah di Dusun Hurnala Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Jenis  penilitian  ini adalah  penelitian kualitatif  deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengadakan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan penelusuran  referensi. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa penerapan strategi yang digunakan oleh pengusaha sagu adalah menjadikan pasar sebagai tempat menjual usaha sagu mereka dan juga ada beberapa penjual sagu yang menggunakan media sosial sebagai tempat promosi dan karena pengetahuan dari masyarakat atau konsumen sagu banyak yang sudah mengetahui tempat goni atau rumah pengusaha sagu tersebut dari mulut ke mulut sehingga konsumen langsung membeli sagu di goni atau memesan sagu melalui telpon. Usaha sagu di Dusun Hurnala berupa tumang, sagu lempeng, dan sagu gula.  Strategi pemasaran sagu perspektif bisnis syariah yang dilakukan oleh penjual sagu di Dusun Hurnala menerapkan strategi pemasaran yang mencontoh praktik pemasaran dan sifat Nabi Muhammad saw, yaitu Siddiq (jujur, benar), Amanah (Dapat Dipercaya), Fathanah (Cerdas), dan Tabligh (komunikatif).Kata kunci: Strategi, Pasar, Sagu, Pemasaran, Bisnis Syariah
The Geographic Variance of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Europe and its Impact on the Incidence of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Nilüfer Özaydın Ayse
Published: January 2023

The discovery of Helicobacter pylori was hopeful as this agent was included in the list of ‘preventable- infectious carcinogens’, and many non-treatable gastroduodenal disorders with uncertain causes became treatable infectious diseases. Nevertheless, nowadays frequent antibiotic resistance is observed among H. pylori infections, sometimes as high as 95%. H. pylori is a bacteria that existed for a very long time, which was only recognised in the last 30 years. It can cause a variety of symptoms leading to gastroduodenal disorders from chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal system to non-cardia gastric cancer. It is acquired in the early years of life and infection is commonly lifelong. The accepted primary route of transmission is person-to-person contact because humans are the only known significant reservoir of H. pylori. The target cell of H. pylori is the gastric mucus secreting cell. The prevalence in Europe shows a huge variety with almost all studies showing a decreasing trend. During childhood the highest prevalence was from Turkey (56.6%) and the lowest was from Czech Republic (4.8%). Among adults, the overall prevalence was found to be between 18.3% (Denmark) and 82.5% (Turkey), with substantial country-to-country variations. The prevalence rate differs by socioeconomic lifestyle characteristics and also genomic structure; it is also higher in less developed countries/populations. While the more commonly used test to determine H. pylori infection is serology, immunoglobulin G by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the urea breath test (UBT), and stool antigen testing are non- invasive tests which are also recommended.
Endoscopic Optical Enhancement Technologies in IBD
Authors: Tontini Gian Eugenio , Vecchi Maurizio , Neurath Markus F. , Neumann Helmut
Published: January 2023

Optical enhancement technologies are emerging as promising tools to improve diagnosis and
clinical management of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The use of dye-based and dye-less chromoendoscopy may improve either characterisation of mucosal inflammation or detection of dysplastic and early neoplastic lesions. Confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy both allow for in vivo and real-time microscopic analysis of the tissue. Moreover, the newly introduced molecular imaging has now also become feasible for in vivo diagnosis in IBD. This review focuses on the more recent progresses of advanced endoscopic imaging techniques in the setting of IBD and provides the reader with an updated overview on accepted clinical evidence and ongoing fields of research.
Review: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Walther Thomas , Arsalan Mani , Kim Won-Keun , Möllmann Helge , Kempfert Jörg
Published: January 2023

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has evolved as a routine therapeutic option to treat elderly and high-risk patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis over recent years. Different prostheses with self-expandable nitinol frames or balloon expandable cobalt-chromium frames are available to be inserted by means of a retrograde transfemoral, retrograde transaortic, or an antegrade transapical approach. Current risks of TAVI include: malpositioning, particulate embolisation with subsequent stroke, vascular diseases, annular injury, or coronary obstruction, as well as the need for new onset pacemaker implantation; procedural complication rates for these remain at 5%. Second-generation valves, together with further technical developments, are expected to lead to easier and safer implantation techniques, translating into optimised outcomes for individual patients. The key to successful TAVI therapy is: joint pre-procedural indication, peri-procedural conduct, and post-procedural care of the patients by an experienced heart team.
Artificial Intelligence in Interventional Cardiology
Authors: Wolf Theo
Published: January 2023

ARTIFICIAL intelligence (AI) has begun to permeate and revolutionise interventional cardiology. Multimodality images, ECGs, electronic health records, and other routine medical media store underutilised patient data. AI has the capacity to learn from these data sources and apply knowledge from them to distinct medical circumstances. At this year’s EuroPCR, a panel of experts explored a number of ways in which AI can be applied to the field in order to improve existing gaps in cardiovascular medical practice.
Situación de las enfermedades no transmisibles en el Perú durante la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Hancco-Saavedra Jorge Arturo , Zárate-Scarsi Bell Teresa , Ortega-Guillén Eduardo , Saavedra-Muñoz Marcos Julio , Alcántara-Valdivia Pedro Elías , Sánchez-Ramírez Marco Antonio , Pajuelo-Mendoza Miriam , Moreno-Garrido Zoila , Vera-Flores Miguel
Published: January 2023

En el Perú, las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) representan una alta proporción de la carga de enfermedad. Según la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar (ENDES), de 2016 al 2021, el porcentaje de personas de 15 y más años con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial se ha incrementado en 4.5 puntos porcentuales y en promedio el 65.5% toma medicación para su enfermedad. El porcentaje de personas de 15 y más años con diagnóstico médico de diabetes se incrementó en 2% y en promedio el 71.2% toma medicación para su enfermedad. La reducción de atenciones preventivas debido a la pandemia por la COVID-19 en el Perú evidencia la necesidad de establecer estrategias orientadas al uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, reforzar los programas de educación en salud, garantizar el acceso a productos farmacéuticos y dispositivos médicos, recursos humanos adecuadamente remunerados, fortalecer los programas de vigilancia epidemiológica de ENT que contribuyan a la toma de decisiones.
Toxicity of essential oils on cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus) and a model parasitoid (Nasonia vitripennis)
Authors: Sulg Silva , Kaasik Riina , Kallavus Triin , Veromann Eve
Published: January 2023

Plant essential oils are being increasingly studied as a potential environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic insecticides. The insecticidal efficacy of essential oils on the cabbage seedpod weevil (Ceutorhynchus obstrictus), an important oilseed rape pest, has not been previously tested. We examined the impact of six essential oils on C. obstrictus via contact with dry residues on leaf and flower surfaces. We also examined the effect of these essential oils on a model non-target parasitoid wasp, Nasonia vitripennis. Exposure to dry residues of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) essential oils (applied to oilseed rape leaves) resulted in significant loss of mortality and immobility in C. obstrictus adults. Treatment with C. cyminum essential oil at 1.5% resulted in 50.71% mortality and 87.3% combined mortality and immobility in C. obstrictus. Cinnamomum verum oil, at 1.5% concentration, resulted in 88.8% mortality and immobility among C. obstrictus 24 h post-treatment. All treatments studied with essential oil dry residues at 0.3% concentration caused high mortality and immobility in N. vitripennis. The greatest mortality and immobility were observed at 0.3% concentration in F. vulgare and C. verum treatments (54 and 53% loss respectively). At 0.1% concentration, F. vulgare and T. vulgaris significantly reduced parasitoids mobility and at 1.5% concentration all essential oils resulted in 100% mortality of N. vitripennis after 3 h. Our study revealed that C. cyminum and C. verum essential oils may have potential in the management of C. obstrictus. However, their impact on non-target organisms, including parasitoids, needs to be studied more thoroughly to determine the potential of essential oil main compounds in integrated pest management.
Design and evaluation of sodium alginate-based hydrogel dressings containing Betula utilis extract for cutaneous wound healing
Authors: Ishfaq Bushra , Khan Ikram Ullah , Khalid Syed Haroon , Asghar Sajid
Published: January 2023

Traditional wound dressings have a limited capacity to absorb exudates, are permeable to microbes, and may adhere to wounds, which leads to secondary injuries. Hydrogels are promising alternative dressings to overcome the above challenges. In this study, we developed sodium alginate-based hydrogel films loaded with Betula utilis bark extract. These films were prepared via solvent-casting crosslinking method and evaluated for wound healing activity. Prepared films were 0.05–0.083 mm thick, flexible with folding endurance ranging from 197–203 folds, which indicates good physical properties. Optimized formulations exhibited successful loading of extract in the film matrix without any interaction as confirmed by FTIR. Maximum zone of inhibition against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was achieved by optimum formulation (B6), i.e., 19 mm and 9 mm, respectively, with > 90% scavenging activity. Furthermore, this optimum formulation (B6) was able to achieve 93% wound contraction in rats. Histograms of the optimized formulation treated group also revealed complete reepithelization of wounds. Conclusively, our extract-loaded hydrogel dressing successfully demonstrated its potential for cutaneous wound healing.
The efficacy of femoral augmentation for hip fracture prevention using ceramic-based cements: A preliminary experimentally-driven finite element investigation
Authors: Fung Anita , Fleps Ingmar , Cripton Peter A. , Guy Pierre , Ferguson Stephen J. , Helgason Benedikt
Published: January 2023

Femoral fractures due to sideways falls continue to be a major cause of concern for the elderly. Existing approaches for the prevention of these injuries have limited efficacy. Prophylactic femoral augmentation systems, particularly those involving the injection of ceramic-based bone cements, are gaining more attention as a potential alternative preventative approach. We evaluated the mechanical effectiveness of three variations of a bone cement injection pattern (basic ellipsoid, hollow ellipsoid, small ellipsoid) utilizing finite element simulations of sideways fall impacts. The basic augmentation pattern was tested with both high- and low-strength ceramic-based cements. The cement patterns were added to the finite element models (FEMs) of five cadaveric femurs, which were then subject to simulated sideways falls at seven impact velocities ranging from 1.0 m/s to 4.0 m/s. Peak impact forces and peak acetabular forces were examined, and failure was evaluated using a strain-based criterion. We found that the basic HA ellipsoid provided the highest increases in both the force at the acetabulum of the impacted femur (“acetabular force”, 55.0% ± 22.0%) and at the force plate (“impact force”, 37.4% ± 15.8%). Changing the cement to a weaker material, brushite, resulted in reduced strengthening of the femur (45.2% ± 19.4% acetabular and 30.4% ± 13.0% impact). Using a hollow version of the ellipsoid appeared to have no effect on the fracture outcome and only a minor effect on the other metrics (54.1% ± 22.3% acetabular force increase and 35.3% ± 16.0% impact force increase). However, when the outer two layers of the ellipsoid were removed (small ellipsoid), the force increases that were achieved were only 9.8% ± 5.5% acetabular force and 8.2% ± 4.1% impact force. These results demonstrate the importance of supporting the femoral neck cortex to prevent femoral fractures in a sideways fall, and provide plausible options for prophylactic femoral augmentation. As this is a preliminary study, the surgical technique, the possible effects of trabecular bone damage during the augmentation process, and the effect on the blood supply to the femoral head must be assessed further.
Impact of diabetes mellitus on immunity to latent tuberculosis infection
Authors: Kumar Nathella Pavan , Babu Subash
Published: January 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that poses a major health threat and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Following exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) bacilli, hosts who fail to clear M.tb end up in a state of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), in which the bacteria are contained but not eliminated. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a noncommunicable disease that can weaken host immunity and lead to increased susceptibility to various infectious diseases. Despite numerous studies on the relationship between DM and active TB, data on the association between DM and LTBI remains limited. Immunological data suggest that LTBI in the presence of DM leads to an impaired production of protective cytokines and poly-functional T cell responses, accounting for a potential immunological mechanism that could leads to an increased risk of active TB. This review highlights the salient features of the immunological underpinnings influencing the interaction between TB and DM in humans.
Diagnostic value of real-time four-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography on the implant-related thrombus
Authors: Yu Yi , Zhang Rui , Chen Yu-Han , Wang Ting , Tang Xiao-Li , Gong Chang-qi , Shao Yun , Wang Zheng , Wang Yue-Peng , Li Yi-Gang
Published: January 2023

Objectives

This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of real-time four-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (RT4D-TEE) for implant-related thrombus (IRT).

Methods

We collected 1,125 patients with atrial fibrillation from May 2019 to February 2022 in our hospital. All patients accepted transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examination to exclude any thrombi before the LAAC procedure.

Results

There were 760 patients with LAAC, 66 patients with CIED, and 299 patients without any implantations. A total of 40 patients with an established diagnosis of IRT were further analyzed. The accurate detection rate of IRT by RT4D-TEE was 4.8% (40/826), which was higher than 3.8% (31/826) by 2D-TEE (P = 0.004). No IRT was found on TEE in the rest of the 786 patients. These 40 patients were divided into LAAC (n = 23) and CIED (n = 17) groups according to the results of RT4D-TEE. In the LAAC group, IRT distributed on different parts of the LAA occluder surface, 91.3% (21/23) with clumps of thrombi, and 8.7% (2/23) with a thin layer of thrombi covering the surface of the occluder. In the CIED group, thrombi were seen attached to the leads in the right atrium and right ventricle. The thrombi were beaded in 17.6% (3/17), corded in 17.6% (3/17), and clotted in the remaining 64.7% (11/17) of cases. After adjusting the anticoagulant dosage and following up for 6 months, 20% (8/40) of cases were successfully resolved, 67.5% (27/40) became smaller, and 12.5% (5/40) showed no changes.

Conclusion

The accurate detection rate of IRT by RT4D-TEE was significantly higher than that by 2D-TEE. 2D-TEE has limitations, but RT4D-TEE can be used as an effective complementary method. Imaging and some clinical features differ significantly between IRT on occluder and IRT on CIED lead.
Suture-based vs. pure plug-based vascular closure devices for VA-ECMO decannulation–A retrospective observational study
Authors: Scherer Clemens , Theiss Hans , Istrefi Mario , Binzenhöfer Leonhard , Kupka Danny , Stocker Thomas , Lüsebrink Enzo , Stambollxhiu Era , Alemic Ahmed , Petzold Tobias , Stark Konstantin , Deseive Simon , Braun Daniel , Joskowiak Dominik , Peterss Sven , Hausleiter Jörg , Hagl Christian , Massberg Steffen , Orban Martin
Published: January 2023

Background

Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a valuable treatment option for patients in cardiogenic shock, but complications during decannulation may worsen the overall outcome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of suture-based to pure plug-based vascular closure devices for VA-ECMO decannulation.

Methods

In this retrospective study, the procedural outcome of 33 patients with suture-based Perclose ProGlide closure devices was compared to 38 patients with MANTA plug-based closure devices.

Results

Rate of technically correct placement of closure devices was 88% in the suture-based group and 97% in the plug-based group (p = 0.27). There was a significant reduction of severe bleeding events during VA-ECMO decannulation in plug-based versus suture-based systems (3% vs. 21%, p = 0.04). Ischemic complications occurred in 6% with suture-based and 5% with plug-based device (p = 1.00). Pseudoaneurysm formation was detected in 3% in both groups (p = 1.00). No switch to vascular surgery due to bleeding after decannulation was necessary in both groups.

Conclusion

Based on our retrospective analysis, we propose that plug-based vascular closure should be the preferred option for VA-ECMO decannulation. This hypothesis should be further tested in a randomized trial.
Materials informatics for developing new restorative dental materials: a narrative review
Authors: Yamaguchi Satoshi , Li Hefei , Imazato Satoshi
Published: January 2023

Materials informatics involves the application of computational methodologies to process and interpret scientific and engineering data concerning materials. Although this concept has been well established in the fields of biology, drug discovery, and classic materials research, its application in the field of dental materials is still in its infancy. This narrative review comprehensively summarizes the advantages, limitations, and future perspectives of materials informatics from 2003 to 2022 for exploring the optimum compositions in developing new materials using artificial intelligence. The findings indicate that materials informatics, which is a recognized and established concept in the materials science field, will accelerate the process of restorative materials development and contribute to producing new insights into dental materials research.
Construction technologies and mechanical effects of the pipe-jacking crossing anchor-cable group in soft stratum
Authors: Han Jianyong , Wang Jun , Jia Dongfeng , Yan Fushun , Zhao Yue , Bai Xiaoyu , Yan Nan , Yang Guang , Liu Dong
Published: January 2023

In this study, an open-cut approach using steel-sheet piles and jet grouting piles for waterproofing was proposed to resolve the problem that ordinary pipe-jacking equipment cannot cross areas with existing anchor cables in soft stratum. The case history of a pipe-jacking project of a sewage treatment plant in the Jinan East Railway Station area was investigated. The mechanical properties of steel-sheet piles, horizontal displacement of piles, and ground surface settlement in the anchor-cable crossing area were investigated based on in situ observations. Numerical investigations were performed using the finite element method (FEM). The effects of existing anchor cables on the mechanical behaviors of retaining structures, deformation variation of the ground, and stability of the excavation were studied. The results indicate that the composite supporting structures of steel-sheet piles and jet grouting piles have a positive effect on waterproofing and deformation control in areas with existing anchor cables. When the steel-sheet pile touched the anchor cable during pile jacking, the compressive stress at the pile cap increased rapidly until it reached 62.8 MPa (the maximum pressure provided by the pile-pressing machine), which is twice the pressure under ordinary conditions. The maximum horizontal displacement of the retaining pile, δv, increased linearly with the excavation depth He. Existing anchor structures behind the excavation can restrain the deformation of the ground and retain the structure to a certain extent. The δv value of the pile with existing anchor structures behind is 6.5 mm or approximately 0.01% of the He value, which is 70% of that of the retaining pile without existing anchor structures. “Groove type” ground surface settlements are found on both sides of the excavation. The maximum ground settlements δh are 0.29% He and 0.05% He, respectively. The plastic zone at both sides of the excavation bottom extends to the ground surface with an angle of about 45°. When an excavation fails, the plastic zone range in the ground with existing anchor cables is significantly larger than it is in the ground without anchor cables. The key contribution of this research is to provide an effective and low-budget treatment for pipe-jacking crossing through an anchor-cable group region. The findings from this study also provide industry practitioners with a comprehensive guide regarding the specific applications and mechanical performance of the crossing excavation for obstacle treatment.
Investigation of red substances applied to chank shell beads from prehistoric site of Qulong in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, China
Authors: Wang Juan , Zhang Baoshuai , Xi Lin , Hu Songmei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Fan Anchuan
Published: January 2023

“Applying red” is a common phenomenon observed in Chinese archaeological sites, with the red pigments having been identified as red ochre or cinnabar if ever been scientifically analyzed. However, this is not the case for Tibet. Although a relatively large number of red-painted artifacts have been recovered in Tibet dating from the Neolithic Period to the Tubo Dynasty, little effort has been made on the pigment composition. Recently, nearly one hundred red substances covered shell beads made of the scared chank (Turbinella pyrum), a large conch from the Indian Ocean, were unearthed from the Qulong site (c. 800–500 BC) in the Ngari plateau, western Tibet. This shell beads assemblage represents the largest and most concentrated group of chank shell beads recovered in the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions. It provides a crucial clue for exploring the local “applying red” tradition. In this study, eight shell beads excavated from the Qulong site were examined by the Portable Energy-dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (pXRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), and Laser Raman spectroscopy. The results are as follows: 1) the coloring agent of all red pigments on the shell bead is iron oxide, i.e., red ocher; 2) bone powder that has not been heated to high temperatures (above 600°C) and proteinaceous binders were added to the paint on the outer surface of sample QSM1-11a, but the thin layer on its interior surface was without bone powder; 3) bone powder was not added to the red residues on samples other than QSM1-11a, QSM1-13b, and QSM2-12. This research may reveal the complexity and diversity of the red substances applied to shell beads from Qulong, and shed light on our understanding of human practices and local customs in the Tibetan plateau and the surrounding areas in prehistoric times.
Mesozoic magmatic evolution of the Laiyuan complex: Tracing the crust-mantle and lithosphere-asthenosphere interactions in the central North China Craton
Authors: Xue Fei , Santosh M. , Tsunogae Toshiaki , Yang Fan , Tan Hongbing , Chen Guohui , Li Chao , Xu Yunchou
Published: January 2023

The Laiyuan complex in the central North China Craton (NCC) incorporating different magmatic suites offers an excellent opportunity to investigate the lithospheric evolution and cratonic destruction. However, the petrogenesis and tectonic implications of this magmatic suite remain debated due to lack of integrated studies. Here we evaluate the magmatism and tectonic setting assembling data from multidisciplinary investigations of the Laiyuan complex. The complex is composed of volcanic suites, granitoids, ultramafic-mafic intrusions, and dykes showing common features of enrichments in LREEs and LILEs and depletions in HFSEs. Detailed petrogenetic considerations suggest that crust-mantle and lithosphere-asthenosphere interactions contributed to the formation of various magmatic suites. The involvement of thickened lower crust and enriched lithospheric mantle in the source, and diverse magmatic processes including partial melting, fractional crystallization, and magma mixing have played a significant role in the petrogenesis of the Laiyuan complex. Furthermore, the lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction induced by thinning lithosphere and upwelling asthenosphere controlled the source variations from dolerites to lamprophyres. The complex formed in an extensional tectonic setting triggered by the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. The subduction, rollback, and stagnation of the Paleo-Pacific slab contributed to the modification of the lithospheric architecture of the North China Craton. A slow and gradual thermal-mechanical erosion occurred at the central North China Craton whereas the rapid and intense lithospheric delamination occurred at the eastern North China Craton contributing to different lithospheric evolution. Both of the mechanisms combined with the subduction of Paleo-Pacific slab played a significant role in the destruction of the North China Craton and the formation of various magmatic suites. An integrated model is proposed to describe the magmatic evolution of the Laiyuan complex. During Jurassic, the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate reached beneath the central North China Craton. At 145–140 Ma, the fast slab rollback occurred and lead to hot asthenosphere upwelling and extensional setting in the central North China Craton inducing the crust-mantle interaction accounting for the petrogenesis for the formation of granitoids with MMEs (137–126 Ma), volcanic rocks (131–127 Ma), and felsic dykes (131–127 Ma). Through time, the lithosphere became substantially thin with the asthenospheric input increasing to form dolerite dykes at 125–117 Ma and lamprophyre dykes at 115–111 Ma.
Numerical study on the impact of water-rock interactions on the propagation of water-flooding induced fracture
Authors: Qu Hongyan , Peng Yan , Pan Zhejun , Xu Xiangdong , Zhou Fujian
Published: January 2023

Introcution: Water-flooding is an effective way to develop the extra-low permeability oil reservoirs and the water-flooding induced fracture (WIF) can improve waterflooding efficiency. However, geomechanical properties of rocks may alter due to the water-rock interactions, which usually increases the heterogeneity of reservoir properties and affects the WIF propagation.

Methods: In this study, a method to calculate the WIF propagation length was proposed and numerical models were established considering the effect of water-rock interactions on geomechanical properties. In addition, the numerical model of stress distribution of the WIF propagation was validated by theoretical solutions based on the fracture mechanics. Moreover, the WIF propagation mechanism and the effect of water-rock interactions on the WIF propagation was analyzed.

Results: Results indicate that the numerical model is valid to calculate the stress distribution induced by the WIF with an error under 5%. In addition, the WIF propagation can be affected by several factors, including the injection pressure, the damage variable and the initial fracture length. Noteworthy, the injection pressure should be strictly controlled because the WIF propagation is highly sensitive to the injection pressure. An increase of 2 MPa in the injection pressure can result in 90 m WIF propagation length, accounting for 64% of initial fracture length in the case studied in this work.

Discussion: Moreover, water-rock interactions aggravate the heterogeneity of the reservoir and promote the WIF propagation due to the alteration of the geomechanical properties such as Young’s modulus. Therefore, the WIF can propagate even if the injection pressure is less than the minimum horizontal stress. Furthermore, the stress intensity factor (KIA) and WIF propagation length increase with the initial fracture length, which may lead to sudden water flux and reduce the efficiency of waterflooding.