bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer Management
Authors:   Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, Qadir Muhammad Imran , Zahra Maryam
Published: February 2025

Nanotechnology deals with the study of extremely small things of nanosize, and it plays a significant role in industrial, agricultural, and medicinal fields. Various nanoparticles/nano-techniques have been developed, which play a key role in cancer medicine, especially for breast cancer treatment and diagnosis. Breast cancer is the second most common cause of death from cancer in women in the United States after lung cancer. Nanoparticles, in combination with other therapeutic approaches to breast cancer treatment, give exceptional results to patients in their recovery from this life-threatening disease. Applications of different nanoparticles in breast cancer management include viral nanoparticles, reduction in breast cancer cell metastasis via RNA-based TWIST1 inhibition using the dendrimer complex, encapsulated nanoparticles with neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors support targeted anticancer drugs delivery to breast cancer cells, using curcumin-encapsulated nanoparticles for antiproliferation of aggressive breast cancer cells, enhancing chemotherapy in inflammatory breast cancer cells through nanoshell-mediated photothermal therapy, poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles and antitumor activity of doxorubicin in breast cancer therapy, nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel and managing some dangerous events in patients with breast cancer, antiproliferative effect of anti-miR-21- and 4-hydroxytamoxifen-coloaded biodegradable nanoparticles on breast cancer cells, breast cancer therapy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) poly(lactide) nanoparticles, nanoparticles for co-delivery of an anticancer drug and siRNA for triple-negative breast cancer cells, chitosan-layered gold nanorods for gene silencing in triple-negative breast cancer. Many other nanoparticles have also been discovered for breast cancer management that have made breast cancer therapy more advanced and quicker.
Stem Cells in Oncology: Potential and Challenges in Cancer Therapies
Authors:   Department of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Chair of Pathological Biological Chemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Rodriguez-Carrascal Daniela
Published: February 2025

Cancer, recognized as a predominant etiologic factor contributing to mortality, affects millions of people worldwide each year. Surgical interventions, chemotherapy regimens, and/or radiotherapeutic modalities remain some of the conventional therapeutic approaches, each associated with a myriad of adverse effects. Consequently, therapeutic outcomes are frequently suboptimal. Alternatives are steadily advancing due to the constant innovation of personalized medicine, and stem-cell therapies are emerging as an important avenue for oncologic treatments. In this review, we examine the multiple advantages related to stem cell treatment and elucidate how various types of stem cells currently influence oncology. These innovative treatments can improve patient well-being; however, they are not exempt from limitations, including collateral damage to nontarget organs that may facilitate tumor recurrence, resistance mechanisms, and issues related to treatment specificity. A deeper understanding of these challenges and the formulation of feasible solutions are needed to make the transition from experimental research to clinical application possible and real.
Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan Penggunaan Aplikasi Pemesanan Studio Foto pada Megacom Fotografi
Authors: Ningsih Sri Restu , Ade Irma Suryani  , Elizamiharti  , Nelfira  , Rini Widyastuti
Published: February 2025

Megacom Fotografi adalah sebuah studio foto yang menyediakan layanan penyewaan studio foto, fotografer, dan edit foto untuk berbagai kebutuhan, seperti foto keluarga, pre-wedding, dan dokumentasi acara. Namun, studio ini mengalami keterbatasan dalam mencapai audiens yang lebih luas karena terbatasnya promosi dan pemasaran. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan dan memberikan pelatihan untuk penggunaan aplikasi pemesanan studio foto pada Megacom Fotografi. Untuk memudahkan customer dalam menerima informasi persediaan layanan serta memudahkan proses pemesanan studio foto melalui online, maka perlu adanya sosialisasi dan pelatihan system. Aplikasi ini dilengkapi dengan database untuk menyimpan data pelanggan dan layanan yang tersedia. Kegiatan dari sosialisasi sistem ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemesanan studio foto berbasis web dapat membantu Megacom Fotografi dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas dalam mengelola penyewaan studio foto. Sistem ini juga dapat memudahkan pelanggan dalam menerima informasi dan melakukan pemesanan tanpa perlu datang ke lokasi. Dengan adanya sistem ini, Megacom Fotografi dapat lebih mudah dalam mempromosikan layanan mereka dan mencapai audiens yang lebih luas.
Sosialisasi Dan Pelatihan Penggunaan Aplikasi Pendeteksi Stunting Pada Balita Berbasis Arduino Uno
Authors: M. Amrin Lubis  , Sri Restu Ningsih  , Cyntia Lasmi Andesti  , Suardinata  , Zainul Efendi
Published: February 2025

Saat ini permasalahan gizi disebabkan oleh penyebab langsung seperti asupan makanan yang tidak adekuat dan penyakit infeksi. Indonesia merupakan negara dengan angka stunting tertinggi ke-2 di kawasan Asia Tenggara dan ke-5 di dunia (Kementerian Sekretariat Negara RI). Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah tingginya prevalensi angka stunting di Provinsi Sumatera Barat khususnya Kota Pariaman yang saat ini tengah menjadi permasalahan serius yang sedang dihadapi. Setidaknya ada 600 anak yang beresiko tinggi terkena stunting. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemeriksaan stunting masih dilakukan secara manual. Tujuan dari Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah untuk mensosialisasikan dan memberikan pelatihan serta peningkatan pengetahuan teknologi, khususnya untuk bidang aplikasi software kepada mitra. Dalam kegiatan ini, tim PkM memberikan sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada Tenaga Kesehatan dalam penggunaan aplikasi pendeteksi stunting yang menggunakan web dan berbasis Arduino Uno. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan PkM ini berbentuk sosialisasi dan pelatihan, yang pelaksanaannya meliputi 4 tahap, yaitu: perencanaan program, pelaksanaan program, observasi, dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan dari sosialisasi ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pendeteksi stunting pada Balita ini dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas kinerja Tenaga Kesehatan dalam mendeteksi stunting pada Balita.
Implementasi Model LKS Berbasis Teknologi untuk Pembelajaran Efektif di SMA Swasta Medan
Authors: Lili Tanti  , Safrizal  , Deni Adhar  , Simalango Clarensia Mende
Published: February 2025

Penggunaan Model Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) berbasis teknologi melalui platform Wizer.me telah menjadi solusi inovatif dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran di SMA Swasta Nurani Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji implementasi dan dampak penggunaan teknologi ini terhadap keterlibatan dan hasil belajar siswa. Studi pendahuluan dilakukan untuk memahami masalah yang dihadapi dalam pembelajaran, sementara pelatihan diberikan kepada guru untuk menguasai penggunaan Wizer.me. Guru-guru dibimbing dalam pengembangan LKS yang sesuai dengan kurikulum dan kebutuhan pembelajaran siswa. Implementasi LKS dalam pembelajaran menghasilkan peningkatan keterlibatan siswa dan motivasi belajar mereka. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner untuk mengevaluasi persepsi guru dan siswa. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan LKS berbasis teknologi telah meningkatkan interaksi antara guru dan siswa serta antarsiswa, sementara hasil belajar siswa juga meningkat. Guru dan siswa menilai positifpenggunaan teknologi ini dalam pembelajaran. Kesimpulannya, penggunaan LKSberbasis teknologi melalui Wizer.me adalah solusi yang efektif dalam meningkatkanefektivitas pembelajaran di SMA Swasta Nurani Medan, memberikan kontribusi positif bagi keterlibatan dan hasil belajar siswa. Dengan adopsi teknologi ini, diharapkan pembelajaran di SMA Swasta Nurani Medan dapat menjadi lebih dinamis dan relevan dengan tuntutan zaman, menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang inklusif dan berdaya guna bagi siswa.
Training and Education for Little Pharmacists at an Early Age at Miftaahusa'adah Kindergarten
Authors: Fhatonah Nuriyatul , Innaya Shalimar , Nur Isnaeni Utami , Ivan Wahyu , Jeni Aprillia , Julia Sa’adaturrahma , Hesty Yusnida
Published: February 2025

Gagasan Apoteker Cilik (APOCIL) adalah usaha guna menaikkan eksistensi profesi apoteker. Penjelasan ini menjadi dasar penting untuk memulai pemikiran tentang profesi apoteker mulai usia dini, terlebih pada kalangan siswa TK. Apoteker Cilik ialah gagasan guna menaikkan peranan profesi apoteker dengan lebih nyata mulai usia dini. Disemogakan inisiatif seperti ini bisa menaikkan reputasi apoteker pada masyarakat juga mewujudkan lingkungan yang sehat. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian dilakukan dengan presentasi interaktif melalui media pembelajaran dalam bentuk wayang kartun Apoteker, materi yang dibahas seputar pengenalan sosok profesi Apoteker serta dimana apoteker bekerja, pengenalan bentuk sediaan obat, serta pelatihan cara membuat dan mengerus obat. Evaluasi atas pemahaman materi peserta dilihat atas cara pemberian pertanyaan secara langsung berkaitan atas materi yang sudah dijelaskan sebelumnya. Berdasarkan dari grafik diatas tentang pemahaman siswa tentang pengenalan apteker dan obat dari 27 siswa, sebelum penyuluhan hanya ada 5 siswa yang bisa menjawab pertanyaan terkait Quiz yang ditanyakan dari kami. Setelah penyuluhan memperlihatkan semua siswa mulai mengerti materi tentang profesi apoteker juga pengenalan obat.Dari aktivitas ini memperoleh respon positif atas anak-anak TK Mifthaahussa’adah, atas antusias juga keahlian peserta saat menjawab pertanyaan tentang materi yang dijelaskan. Aktivitas ini bisa membekali siswa atas pengetahuan juga pemahaman terkait profesi Apoteker juga tanggung jawabnya. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa dari 27 siswa setelah mengikuti kegiatan ini, semua siswa mulai mengerti materi tentang profesi apoteker juga pengenalan obat.
In-House Training Bantuan Hidup Dasar Dewasa Pada Staf dan Karyawan UPT Puskesmas Ciwaruga
Authors: Jundiah R Siti , Nurlianawati Lia , Sumbara  , Intan Hayati Nur , Wulan Megawati Sri , Imam Haerul , Iwan Mutiudin Ade , Marti Lengga Vivop
Published: February 2025

Penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian di dunia, dengan henti jantung mendadak sebagai salah satu komplikasi yang paling fatal. Saat kejadian ini terjadi, setiap detik sangat berharga. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan Bantuan Hidup Dasar (BHD) yang dilakukan dalam lima menit pertama dapat meningkatkan peluang bertahan hidup secara signifikan. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi masyarakat untuk memahami BHD dan tersedianya alat Automated External Defibrillator (AED) di tempat umum agar pertolongan dapat segera diberikan. Sebagai fasilitas kesehatan di Kabupaten Bandung Barat, Puskesmas Ciwaruga berkomitmen untuk memberikan pelayanan terbaik dan memastikan keselamatan pasien. Hal ini sejalan dengan visi Universitas Bhakti Kencana yang bertekad mencetak perawat profesional, unggul, dan siap menghadapi situasi gawat darurat, baik di rumah sakit maupun di komunitas. Untuk itu, Puskesmas Ciwaruga bekerja sama dengan Universitas Bhakti Kencana, khususnya pengampu mata kuliah Keperawatan Gawat Darurat, dalam menyelenggarakan In House Training Bantuan Hidup Dasar. Pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat membekali tenaga medis dan masyarakat sekitar dengan keterampilan yang tepat dalam memberikan pertolongan pertama pada henti jantung. Dengan pelatihan yang komprehensif dan berbasis standar, kita dapat menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih aman dan memastikan setiap nyawa memiliki peluang lebih besar untuk diselamatkan.
MENUJU TRANSFORMASI: PENDIDIKAN PASTORAL KONSELING SEBAGAI JEMBATAN KESEJAHTERAAN JIWA
Authors: Apriani Legrans  , Meifira Tanor  , Tuerah Joshua , Brek Yohan
Published: February 2025

In today's rapidly changing world, mental well-being is a critical aspect of human life. The complexities of modern living often lead to stress, anxiety, and disillusionment, compromising mental health. As holistic beings comprising body, soul, and spirit, achieving mental well-being cannot be separated from spiritual dimensions. This study explores the role of pastoral counseling education as a bridge to mental well-being, particularly within the Christian faith. By integrating spiritual and psychological perspectives, this research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of mental well-being, addressing the intricate relationships between interpersonal relationships, work, and life's meaning. Ultimately, this study seeks to contribute to the development of a transformative pastoral counseling approach that fosters mental well-being, promoting a deeper sense of peace and wholeness that transcends human understanding
Reinterpreting Faith in the Modern World: A Sociological Analysis of Evolving Religious Practices and Beliefs
Authors: Miftahul Ulum
Published: February 2025

This article discusses a reinterpretation of confidence in the modern world: a sociological analysis of the development of religious practices and beliefs, how religious convictions and practices are viewed in a sociological lens in a constantly changing society. With this approach, the author will study how the relationship between religion and modern social dynamics is developing, as well as recognizing the challenges and opportunities faced by religious communities in an increasingly integrated global context, it USES library studies that involve in-depth analysis of literature, publications, and other relevant written sources on the research topic. What this article concluded is that it presents a deep insight into the dynamics of the relationship between religion, society, and the changing times. In the face of global change, recognition of the complexity of religious interpretation and openness to change becomes the key to maintaining relevance and sustainability of religious practice and belief in the ever-expanding modern age.
The Application of Digital Twin for Indoor Air Quality Management: A Case Study in Hong Kong
Authors: Lo Chiu Kit
Published: February 2025

With the advocacy of the development of smart cities, buildings are also evolving to become smarter and more user-friendly. Employing cyber-physical technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Digital Twin (DT) and Building Information Modeling (BIM), can effectively monitor and control the built environment. DT is an emerging tool that connects the building to its digital replica so that the building’s situation can be monitored and presented to users effectively. This paper proposes a DT framework for building management to discover the applications of DT for indoor environment monitoring and control. A case study of a DT-driven indoor air quality (IAQ) system is completed to demonstrate the implementation of DT in the built environment. The system demonstrated the key features of DT, including monitoring, simulation, control and prediction, and showed their roles and functions in IAQ management. Finally, the difficulties and limitations, i.e. sensor selection and installation, of implementing the DT system in the built environment are presented after the case study.
BIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF NEONATAL INFECTIONS IN CENTRAL MOROCCO: ABOUT 280 CASES
Authors: ALAMI MOHAMMED YASSINE , BAHRAOUY RABII , BELAOUNI MOURAD , LOUZI LHOUSSAINE , SBITI MOHAMMED
Published: February 2025

Neonatal infections are a real public health problem and represent a constant challenge in neonatal units. Their medical and economic consequences justify welldefined surveillance and prevention measures. In order to define the circumstances of their occurrence, as well as the modalities of diagnosis and treatment, we conducted this retrospective study of 280 newborns hospitalized for suspected neonatal infection in the mother-child hospital -Pagnon-of Meknes.Infectious history was positive in 143 newborns (51%), clinical manifestations were dominated by respiratory signs (52%), as well as neurological signs (40%) and thermal disorders (18%) The hemogram showed abnormalities in 22.26% of cases, hyperleukocytosis was present in 12.14%, leukopenia in 3.92%, thrombocytopenia in 13.92% and anemia in 10.71%. The initial C-reactive protein (CRP) was positive in 52.14% of cases, the procalcitonin was positive in 22% of cases. Lumbar puncture was positive in 9% of cases. While blood culture was not realized in our study. The association: Cephalosporin of 3rd generation (C3G) and gentamicin was administered in 1st intention, in 74.28% of the patients, however the association: Cephalosporin of 3rd generation, gentamicin and ampicillin in 22.85% of the patients. The evolution was judged clinically favorable in 63% of cases, on the other hand 20% of patients had sequels, the mortality rate was 15%.The diagnosis of neonatal infection is based on anamnestic, clinical, biological and bacteriological arguments. Since antibiotic therapy is the key to management, prevention involves rigorous surveillance of pregnancies, screening of pregnant women for GBS, and medicalization of deliveries to reduce the rate of neonatal infections.
SAPAGKAT LAGI TAYONG PINAGMAMADALI
Authors: Salvador Mark Anthony
Published: February 2025

Ang munting kalipunang ito, “Sapagkat Lagi Tayong Pinagmamadali,” ay kritisismo ng may akda sa kasalukuyang sistema na hindi nagtuturing sa mga Pilipino bilang mga tao sa pamamagitan ng pagkakait sa ating damhin ang mga saglit, hindi lámang ang makukupad na umaga.
INFLUENCE OF EXOGENOUS IRON AND ZINC NANOPARTICLES ON SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) BUD NODE GERMINATION AND GROWTH
Authors: Hameed Mena , Kaleri Asif Ali , Jogi Qamaruddin , Manzoor Danish , Tunio Maira Raqeeb , Awais  , Hussain Majid , Nawaz Anum , Hussain Tanveer , Channa Abdul Razaque , Rehmani Urooj
Published: February 2025

Nanoparticles (NPs) are characterized by their unique shape, size, reactivity, and surface area, offering significant benefits to agriculture as nano-fertilizers, nano-insecticides, and nano-herbicides. This experiment investigated the potential of Iron and Zinc nanoparticles to promote the sprouting and growth of sugarcane budnodes. Conducted in March 2022 at the University of Sargodha's College of Agriculture, Pakistan, the study employed a completely randomized design with three replications. Sugarcane budnodes were treated with control, Iron NPs, and Zinc NPs at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L⁻¹. Results indicated that the tallest shoots emerged at 100 mg L⁻¹ of Iron NPs and 50 mg L⁻¹ of Zinc NPs. Maximum plant height was observed first at 50 mg L⁻¹ of Iron NPs, then at 100 mg L⁻¹, and at 50 mg L⁻¹ of Zinc NPs. High Zinc concentrations (75 and 100 mg L⁻¹) in NPs were associated with minimum shoot length and plant height. Enhanced root fresh weight was noted with 75 mg L⁻¹ Iron NPs and 25 mg L⁻¹ Zinc NPs. Nanoparticle addition resulted in a heavier root system. Fresh and dry shoot weights were highest with 100 mg L⁻¹ of Iron NPs. However, increasing Zinc NP content to 100 mg L⁻¹ decreased both wet and dry weights of sugarcane buds and root length. The highest root-to-shoot ratio was achieved with 50 mg L⁻¹ Zinc NPs and the standard protocol. In conclusion, exogenous application of Zinc and Iron NPs at 50 to 100 mg L⁻¹ enhanced sugarcane budnode germination, growth, and development.
COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF KINETIC CHAIN EXERCISES VERSUS ISOLATED ROTATOR CUFF STRENGTHENING AMONG SHOULDER IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME PATIENTS
Authors: Safdar Ghalia , Syed Muhammad Kumail  , Nayab Naveed  , Yasir Ali Kazmi  , Umber Nawaz  , Muhammad Sarfraz  , Zeeshan Javed
Published: February 2025

Background: Shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder characterized by compression and irritation of the rotator cuff tendons beneath the acromion, leading to pain, restricted range of motion (ROM), and functional impairment. Rehabilitation strategies such as kinetic chain exercises (KCE) and isolated rotator cuff strengthening (IRCS) are commonly employed to restore shoulder function and alleviate symptoms. However, limited research directly compares their effectiveness in improving pain, disability, and ROM outcomes in SIS patients.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of kinetic chain exercises versus isolated rotator cuff strengthening in improving pain, disability, and ROM among patients with shoulder impingement syndrome.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted on 36 patients diagnosed with unilateral SIS, recruited via purposive sampling from Services Hospital and Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, between March 2024 and September 2024. Patients aged 18 to 40 years with a minimum three-month history of shoulder pain and positive Neer or Hawkins-Kennedy test were included. Patients with traumatic shoulder dislocation, inflammatory conditions, neurological disorders, or recent corticosteroid injections (within three months) were excluded. Participants were allocated into two intervention groups: Group A (n = 18) received kinetic chain exercises, while Group B (n = 18) performed isolated rotator cuff strengthening exercises for 8 weeks. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and goniometry, with SPSS version 24 utilized for statistical analysis.
Results: Both interventions significantly improved pain and disability scores (P < 0.005 for all parameters). SPADI Pain scores decreased from 30.0% ± 3.5 to 15.0% ± 2.8 in Group A (T = +5.200, P = 0.007) and from 31.2% ± 4.1 to 22.0% ± 3.5 in Group B (T = +4.300, P = 0.015). Similarly, SPADI Disability scores improved from 32.5% ± 3.8 to 20.8% ± 2.7 in Group A (T = +4.700, P = 0.009) and from 32.0% ± 3.9 to 23.0% ± 3.2 in Group B (T = +3.900, P = 0.017). ROM gains were superior in Group A, particularly in external rotation (32.0° ± 4.2 to 65.0° ± 4.0, P < 0.001) and internal rotation (40.0° ± 5.0 to 75.0° ± 4.5, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Both kinetic chain exercises and isolated rotator cuff strengthening exercises were effective in reducing pain and disability in SIS patients. However, kinetic chain exercises demonstrated superior improvements in ROM and overall functional performance, making them a more comprehensive rehabilitation approach for managing shoulder impingement syndrome.
Child Nutrition and Health Indicators as Predictors of Academic Performance among Primary School Children in Binduri District, Ghana
Authors: Apubuos Azure Alfred , Aku Agbozo Faith , Bruno Zotor Francis
Published: February 2025

Child nutrition and health indicators are crucial for monitoring child growth and predicting health outcomes. Poor health in early childhood can negatively affect cognitive abilities and academic achievement, while poor nutritional indicators have been linked to lower academic performance in children. This study was aimed at assessing child nutrition and health indicators as predictors of academic performance among primary school children in Binduri District, Ghana. Overall, 460 children from 63 schools were studied to assess the relationship between child nutrition, health indicators, socioeconomic status and academic performance. Data was collected through questionnaires, height/weight measurements, and academic records. Statistical methods such as Chi-squared tests and binary regression were used to determine associations with a 95% confidence level and 5% precision. Overall, stunting (cOR =2.44, 95% CI: 1.17-5.11, p=0.018) and thinness (a OR=11.75, 95% CI: 3.99-34.60, p<0.0001) were significantly associated with poor academic performance, while wasting and overweight were not. Second intermittent preventive treatment in infants is strongly associated with poor academic performance (a OR=6.50, 95% CI: 2.02-20.89, p=0.002), while yellow fever vaccination at 9 months is negatively associated with poor academic performance (c OR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.05-0.88, p=0.032). Children aged 11-14 years (OR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.22-0.71, p=0.002), Muslim children (a OR=2.14, 95% CI: 1.04-4.41, p=0.039), public school attendees (a OR=6.58, 95% CI: 2.13-20.32, p=0.001) children with separated or divorced parents (a OR=7.22, 95% CI: 2.85-18.31, p<0.0001) all had significant associations with poor academic performance. This study highlights the association between child nutrition, health indicators and academic performance in primary school children in Ghana’s Binduri District. Interventions to reduce stunting and thinness and increase access to yellow fever vaccination should be prioritized. School policies should also consider demographic factors affecting academic performance to provide targeted support to at-risk students.
Missed Nursing Care at Tertiary Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan
Authors: Shrestha Manila , Sharma Kalpana , Ghimire Srijana , Maskey Swarnima , Pariyar Prakash , Bahadur Sunar Chandra
Published: February 2025

Missed nursing care refers to necessary nursing care that is delayed, partially completed, or missing in a clinical, emotional, administrative aspect or for any number of possible reasons that might be of intentional or unintentional nature. It is a significant concern globally, affecting healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. This study aimed to assess missed nursing care at tertiary hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan. A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was carried out among nurses working in general and critical care unit of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Probability simple random sampling technique was used to select 150 nurses as a sample. A structured self-administrated survey questionnaire was used to collect the data. Collected data were analyzed on IBM SPSS version 24.0 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used to examine associations between missed nursing care and selected variables. Regression model was constructed to identify the predictors for missed nursing care. The median score of the missed nursing care was 58.2%. Nearly two third (62.7%) had low and more than one third (37.3%) had moderate missed nursing care. None of the respondents had high missed nursing care. Missed nursing care is predicted by professional qualification (β= 0.939, 95%CI:1.140-5.736), designation (β = 2.197, 95 % CI:2.263-30.343), working department (β=1.726, 95% CI: 2.389-13.208), and faced emergency (β= 0.868, 95% CI:1.005-5.648). The study concluded that missed nursing care at the Tertiary Hospital Bharatpur, Chitwan, is moderate level. Hence hospital and nursing administrators need to plan and implement the programmed to reduce the incidence of missed nursing care in the hospital considering the identified predictors to enhance nursing care quality and elevating patient care standards.
A study of the clinico-demographical profile of different dengue serotypes circulating in a Southern district of West Bengal, India
Authors: Sayani Bose  , Feradica D Laloo  , Partha Pratim Maity  , Anirban Bhaduri
Published: February 2025

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) which is endemic in many tropical and subtropical areas around the world has four serotypes (DENV1, DENV2, DENV3and DENV4), this viral infection can either cause mild febrile illness Dengue fever or severe, such as Dengue hemorrhagic fever or Dengue Shock Syndrome. The dominant dengue serotypes in a region often change over time and the infecting serotypes are seen to have an impact on the clinical presentation and outcome of the patient.
Aims and Objectives: Finding the proportion of Dengue non-structural protein 1 (NS1) reactive cases among patients with fever <5 days as well as molecular detection of the prevalent dengue serotypes.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology at Tamralipto Government Medical College and Hospital, East Midnapore, West Bengal. Blood collected from patients suffering from fever <5 days was tested for Dengue NS1. Samples reactive for Dengue NS1 were further tested for dengue serotyping by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results obtained were analyzed and interpreted.
Results: Out of 7574 samples of fever patients tested for dengue NS1, 882 samples were reactive and among these 882 NS1 samples, (DENV) ribonucleic acid was detected in 714 samples. The predominant serotype detected was DENV2 (63.73%) followed by DENV3 (26.89%), DENV1 (6.72%), and DENV4 (2.66%). Among the NS1 reactive patients, 52 (5.90%) patients suffered from hemorrhagic complications; among whom the predominant serotype was DENV2 followed by DENV3.
Conclusion: The infecting dengue serotype seems to have an impact on the disease severity and early detection may help us predict prognosis and need for hospital monitoring, hence reducing complications and mortality. Since the region-wise serotypes are diverse and change every few years, molecular surveillance helps in the early detection of any shift from previously circulating serotypes and thus prepares for handling more severe dengue cases.
Identifying malignant pleural effusion from tubercular pleural effusion by study of cancer ratio and cancer ratio plus
Authors: Subhankar Saren  , Animesh Mandal  , Amit Kumar Das  , Ranjit Kumar Haldar  , Sudipta Pandit
Published: February 2025

Background: Early detection of malignant pleural effusions (MPE) through routine biochemical tests will go a long way in improving morbidity and mortality of these patients.
Aims and Objectives: The current study was aimed to observe the usefulness of cancer ratio (CR) and CR plus to diagnose malignant effusions early in disease evolution.
Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional comparative observational study conducted at the indoor and outdoor facility of Respiratory Medicine department of Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata.
Results: Sixty-one patients were included in the study. The overall mean CR in our patients was 40.50±19.83. In MPE, tuberculous pleural effusions (TPE) and “Others”, the mean CR were 49.1839±14.698, 19.2874±16.354, and 30.6107±17.342, respectively. CR with levels above 20 showed very strong statistical association with MPE diagnosis in patients of pleural effusion (P<0.001). The mean CR plus in all patients was found to be 54.58±28.14. According to diagnosis, the means were 65.5645±22.576, 27.3255±24.356, and 43.1169±25.622 in MPE, TPE, and “Others,” respectively. Levels above 30 had shown strong association with MPE diagnosis (P<0.001). Both CR and CR plus had sensitivity of 95.12% (95% CI 80.03–98.64), specificity of 80% (95% CI 60.80–91.16), positive predictive value of 90.69, and negative predictive value of 88.88 in diagnosing MPE.
Conclusion: CR and CR plus which are easily obtained by routine testing can be used for early detection of MPE.
Effectiveness of 4 weeks of electrical vestibular stimulation in the management of temporomandibular pain
Authors: Yashica Gowda R  , Asha G  , Doreswamy Kanakaiah  , Karthik N  , Sai Sailesh Kumar Goothy  , Mukkadan JK
Published: February 2025

Background: The non-surgical therapies prevail over surgical therapies in the management of temporomandibular disorders pain. Vestibular stimulation was known to relieve pain through its connections with analgesic brain areas. Although there is literature that supports the analgesic effect of vestibular stimulation, the research studies in this area are comparatively less in Indian settings. Hence, the present study was undertaken.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to observe the effectiveness of 4 weeks of electrical vestibular stimulation in managing temporomandibular pain.
Materials and Methods: Sixty male and female participants who reported temporomandibular pain were recruited. They were then randomly assigned into two groups. The intervention group received electrical vestibular nerve stimulation for 4 weeks and regular treatment as an adjunctive therapy. Placebo stimulation was administered to the control group along with the regular treatment. The numerical pain rating scale, the Jaw functional limitation scale-8, and depression anxiety stress scales-21 were used in the study.
Results: Pain score, jaw function score, and psychological parameters before intervention in the study and control groups were not significantly different. However, the pain score, jaw function score, and psychological parameters after intervention in the study group were significantly lower than in the control group.
Conclusion: The study results support the analgesic effects of electrical vestibular nerve stimulation in pain management in patients with temporomandibular pain. The study recommends more studies in this area to recommend the implementation of electrical vestibular stimulation in the management of temporomandibular pain.
Effectiveness of 12 weeks of listening to Gayatri Mantra in the management of non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A pilot study
Authors: Puneeth Nagarajaiah  , Naveen Raj GM  , Anil Mohan Rao S  , Sai Sailesh Kumar Goothy  , Mukkadan JK
Published: February 2025

Background: Parkinson’s patients experience non-motor symptoms along with motor symptoms that include autonomic deregulation, insomnia, decline in cognition, and psychological distress. Although it is known that mantra chanting offers multiple beneficial effects, the scientific studies related to these are limited.
Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to observe the effectiveness of listening to the Gayatri Mantra in managing non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
Materials and Methods: The present pilot study recruited 20 patients with Parkinson’s disease. The patients acted as self-controls. After recording the baseline values, the participants were asked to listen to the Gayatri Mantra 108 chanting twice a day for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of listening, post-intervention values were recorded and analyzed. Sleep quality was assessed using the insomnia severity index. Stress levels were assessed using the perceived stress scale. Spatial and verbal memory tests were used to assess the memory scores. Blood pressure was recorded using the Diamond Original Mercurial Regular BP Monitor (Multicolor). The pulse rate was recorded manually in the radial artery.
Results: There was a significant decrease in the perceived stress scores followed by the intervention (P<0.01). Sleep quality was improved in the participants followed by listening to the Gayatri Mantra chanting. There was an improvement in the spatial and verbal memory scores. Systolic and diastolic pressure was decreased and remained within normal limits followed by the intervention. The pulse rate was significantly decreased followed by the intervention.
Conclusion: The study results provide preliminary evidence that listening to the Gayatri Mantra has positive effects on the management of the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease patients. However, there is a need for more studies with higher sample sizes to recommend the implementation of the Gayatri Mantra in the management of Parkinson’s disease.
Prevalence and association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance among non-diabetic obese, overweight, and metabolically obese normal-weight adult patients attending at a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Samik Pramanik  , Jimmy Barua  , Lokanathan V  , Sharmistha Roy
Published: February 2025

Background: Worldwide, the incidence of obesity, overweight, and metabolic syndrome is dramatically increasing. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with both obesity/overweight and metabolic syndrome.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess non-invasively the prevalence and association of NAFLD and insulin resistance among non-diabetic obese, overweight, and metabolically obese normal-weight (MONW) adults.
Materials and Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study included 137 subjects aged more than 18 years, out of which 50 were obese, 22 were overweight, and 31 MONW. All subjects underwent detailed history, complete physical examination, laboratory test, and grading of hepatic fat by ultrasonography.
Results: The mean age (mean± standard deviation) of the patients was 36.91±11.01 years with a range of 18–67 years. 53 (38.7%) and 84 (61.3%) of the patients were male and female, respectively. Out of the 137 patients, 73 (53.3%) of patients had NAFLD. The prevalence of NAFLD was significantly higher in the obese group (56.2%) as compared to others (Z=5.56; P<0.0001). The prevalence of NAFLD among overweight, MONW, and normal body mass index (BMI) were 17.8%, 19.2%, and 6.8%, respectively. The proportion of Grade-1 and Grade-2 NAFLD was significantly higher than that of Grade-3 (Z=4.16; P<0.0001). There was a significant association between BMI, insulin resistance measured by homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and grade of fatty liver of the patients (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: NAFLD is more prevalent in obese than other groups. The grade of fatty liver has a significant association with HOMA-IR and BMI.
Coronary angiographic assessment of streptokinase efficacy in young patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Solanki Chetan , Singh Kuwer Devi , Tripathi Sunil Kumar , Indurkar Manoj , Tikadar Rakesh Kumar
Published: February 2025

Background: Thrombolytic therapy has emerged as one of the most effective interventions for acute myocardial infarction, a condition that is the leading cause of mortality worldwide.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and clinical outcomes of Streptokinase (SK) in young patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) based on coronary angiography performed 12–24 h post-thrombolysis.
Materials and Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study included 50 patients diagnosed with STEMI of age between 18 and 40 years and treated with SK between September 2022 and August 2023 in India. The efficacy of SK was assessed through coronary angiography performed 12–24 h post-thrombolysis and ST-segment resolution on electrocardiogram. Clinical outcomes, including adverse events and mortality, were recorded.
Results: The majority of patients (66%) were 31–40 years old, with males constituting 88% of the population. Single vessel disease was predominant (84%) among the study population. Anterior wall myocardial infarction emerged as the predominant type of infarction, accounting for 56% of patients in the present study. Successful thrombolysis was achieved in 67.85% of patients treated within 3 h of symptom onset. Adverse events occurred in 52% of patients, with left ventricular failure being the most frequent complication (36%), followed by arrhythmia (26%). The study observed a relatively low mortality rate of 8% among young patients with STEMI.
Conclusion: Coronary angiography findings demonstrate that SK is effective in treating young patients with STEMI, particularly when administered within 3 h of symptom onset. Despite frequent adverse events, mortality rates remained low.
Analysis of modified sitting positions for subarachnoid block: A prospective observational study
Authors: Nousheen Chowdhary  , Ajaiz Rasool  , Raja Suhail Shounthoo  , Majid Jehangir  , Rohey Jan  , Showkat Ahmad Gurcoo
Published: February 2025

Background: Neuraxial block is one of the most common anesthetic modalities for a wide range of surgical procedures. Conventionally, it is mostly performed in classical sitting position (CSP), however, a few modifications of sitting position have been described in literature since patient positioning is by far the most crucial factor for a successful subarachnoid block (SAB). Proper positioning of the patients reduces lumbar lordosis and facilitates easy palpation of the landmarks.
Aims and Objectives: Comparison of three different sitting positions including classical sitting position (CSP), hamstring stretch position (HSP), and riders sitting position (RSP), for SAB.
Materials and Methods: A total of 207 patients, divided equally into three groups (CSP, HSP and RSP) with 69 patients in each group. Spinal anesthesia was given in three different sitting positions, and the parameters were recorded with respect to time taken for intrathecal placement of the needle, number of punctures, ease of palpation of space, patient comfort, and anesthesiologists’ satisfaction.
Results: Confirmation of subarachnoid placement of needle required the least time in RSP group (P=0.003), majority of patients in RSP required a single skin puncture (P=0.0237), clarity of the bony landmarks was similar in all the three positions (P=0.108), patients’ satisfaction score was highest in CSP group (P=0.012); however, anesthesiologists’ reported higher satisfaction levels in RSP group, although results were statistically non-significant (P=0.739).
Conclusion: From the anesthetist’s standpoint, RSP was the most favorable position for spinal anesthesia, however, the majority of patients reported better comfort levels with CSP.
Clinical experiences with robotic computed tomography-guided interventions: A comparison with manual technique
Authors: Ashwin Kumar A  , Sivakumar Kannappan  , Geetha G
Published: February 2025

Background: Image-guided biopsies have become standard practice; however, challenges such as multiple punctures and re-attempts can complicate procedures. The introduction of robotic guidance systems, such as MAXIO offers a potential solution for improving planning and navigation. This study evaluated the efficacy of the MAXIO needle-guiding robotic device in computed tomography (CT)-guided interventions compared with conventional manual techniques.
Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the MAXIO robotic system for CT-guided biopsies at the Barnard Institute of Radiology and compare it with the conventional manual technique.
Materials and Methods: A total of sixty patients who underwent CT-guided biopsies were retrospectively divided into two groups: Group A (manual procedure) and Group B (robot-assisted procedure). The MAXIO device was utilized in combination with a Siemens 32-slice CT scanner for robot-assisted biopsies. Key parameters analyzed between the two groups included the volume CT dose index, dose-length product (DLP), target location, target depth, target size, distance from the entry point, needle angulation, procedural time, number of punctures, complications, and re-biopsy rates.
Results: Significant differences were found between the two groups in the number of punctures (p = 0.002), DLP (p = 0.0001), and degree of needle angulation (p = 0.0002), with the robotic technique demonstrating a better performance. Although the procedural time was reduced in the robotic group, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.104). Other assessed parameters, such as complications and rebiopsy rates, showed no significant differences.
Conclusion: Robotic-assisted CT-guided procedures using the MAXIO system showed improved diagnostic accuracy and safety, with reductions in radiation dose, needle manipulations, and punctures, compared to conventional manual techniques.
SANDS of SAHARA: Post-laser in situ keratomileusis late-onset diffuse lamellar keratitis following sports injury
Authors: Rajender Singh Chauhan  , Nidhi Sharma
Published: February 2025

A 27-year-old male presented with decreased vision and pain in his left eye after a boxing injury, 1 year post-LASIK. Examination showed a partially dislocated LASIK flap, leading to diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK). Surgical realignment and treatment with topical steroids restored his visual acuity to 20/20 within 3 weeks. This case emphasizes the need for prompt intervention and long-term post-operative care for managing late-onset DLK following high-velocity blunt ocular trauma.
Immediate effect of electrical vestibular stimulation on autonomic and respiratory parameters and reaction time in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Asha G  , Manjunath Varun , Karthik N  , Yashica Gowda R  , Sai Sailesh Kumar Goothy  , Rohit Singh Chouhan  , Anitha Lakshmi
Published: February 2025

Background: Both the electrical and natural vestibular stimulation were reported to alter both the blood pressure and motor output of respiration. After a thorough review of the literature, the studies observed the immediate effect of vestibular stimulation on autonomic and respiratory functions is sparse. Hence, the present study was undertaken.
Aims and Objectives: The present study was undertaken to observe the immediate effect of electrical vestibular stimulation on autonomic and respiratory parameters in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Materials and Methods: The present study recruited 30 patients with PD after obtaining written informed consent. After recording the baseline values, a single session of stimulation was administered to the participants and soon after recorded the participants. Blood pressure was recorded by Diamond BPDG 141 Deluxe Multicolor LED Mercury Free BP Monitor. Pulse rate and respiratory rate were recorded manually. Auditory and visual reaction times were recorded using the RT apparatus.
Results: There was a significant decrease in the systolic (P=0.011) and diastolic blood pressure (P=0.002) after the stimulation. The pulse rate was decreased significantly (P=0.071) followed by the vestibular stimulation. No change in the respiratory rate was observed followed by the vestibular stimulation. There was a significant decrease in the visual reaction time for red (P=0.0087) and green light (P=0.0007), as a result of the intervention. Auditory reaction time for low pitch (P=0.0056) was significantly decreased followed by the intervention.
Conclusion: The study results support that a single session of electrical vestibular stimulation has beneficial effects on blood pressure and reaction time in patients with PD. Further detailed studies are recommended with long-term administration of electrical stimulation to recommend the use of electrical vestibular nerve stimulation in the management of non-motor symptoms in PD patients.
Comparative efficacy of conventional pap smear and liquid based cytology for screening of cervical cancer in women of reproductive age group in a tertiary care centre in rural Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Shambhavi  , Suresh Kumar Sutrakar  , Lokesh Tripathi  , Parul Singh Rajpoot  , Priyanka Agrawal  , Uday Raj Singh  , Jagannath Jatav  , Deepti Tiwari  , Pushpkunjika Sharma
Published: February 2025

Background: Cervical cancer poses a significant public health challenge, emphasizing the need for effective screening strategies for early detection. Conventional Pap smear (CPS) has been the standard screening tool for decades, while liquid-based cytology (LBC) was developed to overcome its limitations. This study compares the efficacy of CPS and LBC in detecting cervical neoplastic lesions.
Aims and Objectives: To determine and compare the efficacy of CPS and LBC as screening tools for early detection of cervical neoplastic lesions in a tertiary care setting.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 240 women aged 18 years and above from August 2022 to August 2023. CPS, LBC (Ezyprep™), and colposcopy-guided biopsies were utilized, with histopathology as the gold standard. Statistical analysis involved sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results: CPS showed a sensitivity of 59.62%, specificity of 94.19%, and sample adequacy of 93.3%, while LBC exhibited higher sensitivity (89.09%), comparable specificity (91.43%), and better sample adequacy (95.8%). The area under the curve for LBC (0.908) was significantly higher than CPS (0.735). LBC identified more true positives (49 vs. 31) and fewer false negatives (6 vs. 21).
Conclusion: LBC demonstrated superior sensitivity, sample adequacy, and diagnostic accuracy, making it the recommended screening tool for high-risk populations.