bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experiencia de intervención institucional en el Instituto de Educación Superior Ralaxaic Nme’enaxanaxac
Authors: Silvestri Lucas , Alarcon Elizabeth , Ramírez Nilda
Published: June 2023

En este artículo presentamos una experiencia, aún en curso, desarrollada en un instituto de educación superior (en adelante IES) intercultural bilingüe indígena de la ciudad de Resistencia.

Allí se desarrolla una intervención institucional, desde la perspectiva de los enfoques psicosociales y el análisis institucional. La misma se lleva adelante desde octubre de 2021, con el fin de abordar una problemática causal del desgranamiento de la matrícula en la carrera de Profesorado Intercultural Bilingüe para la Educación Inicial y fortalecer las trayectorias estudiantiles.
El trabajo realizado propició un ámbito para la sensibilización y movilización de todos los integrantes de la comunidad ante la condición de madres de las estudiantes en el nivel superior. A partir de allí, se llevaron adelante acciones que, por un lado, mejoren sus condiciones en el acceso y permanencia en los estudios y, por otro lado, indaguen sobre el sentido de las prácticas de cuidado a las infancias, en un espacio en vías de constitución.
La problematización de las Pérdidas y Desperdicios de Alimentos desde los organismos internacionales entre 2011 y 2021
Authors: Ennis Rocío Cecilia
Published: June 2023

Dedicamos el presente artículo al análisis de la construcción de las Pérdidas y Desperdicios de Alimentos (PDA) como problemática desde los organismos internacionales. Nuestro objetivo es identificar cambios y continuidades en los marcos teóricos, enfoques, explicaciones y soluciones propuestas. A tal fin, recuperamos la propuesta del análisis cognitivo de las políticas públicas, y desde allí revisamos informes de actores clave como la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, el Grupo de Alto Nivel de Expertos en Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición, la asociación multiactoral Protocolo de Pérdida y Desperdicio de Alimentos, el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente y el Fondo Mundial para la Naturaleza, entre 2011 y 2021. A partir del análisis bibliográfico, observamos que la problemática se presenta en el contexto de una creciente demanda mundial de alimentos y presión sobre los recursos naturales, siendo la reducción de pérdidas y desperdicios considerada una acción relevante en favor de la seguridad alimentaria y la nutrición, como así también de la sostenibilidad ambiental y de los sistemas alimentarios. A pesar de los esfuerzos hacia una revisión crítica y complejización del planteo, persiste un discurso dicotómico, enfocado en mejoras de carácter instrumental, centradas en la eficiencia del sistema alimentario actual. A lo largo de la década, se afirma el rol fundamental de los organismos internacionales para la construcción cognitiva y normativa de la PDA como problemática que merece ser gestionada para su reducción a diversas escalas.
Trayectorias de jóvenes cuidadoras: encrucijadas en tiempos de pospandemia
Authors: Becher Yussef
Published: June 2023

Referir a la pospandemia no implica desconocer la persistencia de sus consecuencias socioeconómicas sobre el total de la población. No obstante, gracias a medidas de prevención de contagios, detección del virus y vacunación, se ha logrado mejorar la situación epidemiológica.

La emergencia sanitaria evidenció diversas circunstancias de vulnerabilidad que, si bien ya afectaban a distintos colectivos –entre ellos, las juventudes–, se agravaron o tuvieron mayor visibilidad. Durante la pandemia se contó con información a nivel nacional, principalmente estadística, que permitió conocer acerca de las condiciones en que lxs jóvenes transitaban la crisis. Sin embargo, es interesante saber lo que sucede en cada territorio provincial. En ese sentido, desde el proyecto de investigación (Proico Nº 15-0418) “Juventudes contemporáneas: políticas, desafíos y tensiones”, radicado en la Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), se decidió implementar una encuesta que abarcó distintos ejes de indagación. Como resultado de la misma, se obtuvieron datos sobre el trabajo de cuidados no remunerado que llevan a cabo al interior de sus hogares, y respecto de familiares, jóvenes mujeres. En rigor, en este texto se explorará la dimensión material del cuidado, a través de indagar su incidencia en el empleo, como también en el aspecto afectivo o emocional, que influye en los involucramientos sociales de las juventudes.
            El artículo se inicia con un apartado metodológico que agrega algunas otras precisiones sobre la encuesta efectuada, continúa delineando la perspectiva teórica sobre los cuidados y luego se muestran las evidencias a las que se pudo acceder y las primeras “claves interpretativas”, que se seguirán profundizando. Finalmente, se ofrece una conclusión que resume los puntos centrales y, al mismo tiempo, reflexiones acerca de esta etapa inicial de investigación.
“Cooperation Greedy Monkey Algorithm”: Algoritmo paralelo para resolver la clase fuertemente correlacionada del problema de la mochila 0-1
Authors: Zavala-Díaz José Crispín , Pérez-Ortega Joaquín , Almanza-Ortega Nely Nelva , López-Calderón Jaqueline
Published: June 2023

Se presenta la paralelización del Cooperation Greedy Monkey Algorithm y el ajuste de parámetros para resolver el problema KP 0-1 (0-1 Knapsack Problem). Los problemas resueltos son tomados de la literatura especializada hasta las instancias establecidas por Pisinger, las no correlacionadas, las débilmente correlacionadas y las fuertemente correlacionadas. Se amplía la capacidad de solución del algoritmo para resolver instancias con diferentes porcentajes del 25% y 50% de la suma de los pesos de los elementos, y no únicamente el 75% como está diseñado el algoritmo originalmente. Se utilizó un modelo maestro-esclavo para su implementación paralela en un cluster de 5 servidores. Los resultados son alentadores y en algunas ocasiones se calcula la solución óptima.
Development of GeoGebra-Based Fraction Gap Learning Media to Improve Understanding of the Fraction Concept of Grade V Elementary School
Authors: Nashiroh Faridatun , Zainuddin Almuntaqo
Published: June 2023

Students need mathematics to solve everyday problems with fundamental technological developments. Technology-based media greatly supports success in mathematics learning, especially for elementary school students. This study aims to develop GeoGebra-based Fractional Gap learning media that is feasible in improving the understanding of the concept of fractions of grade V elementary school students. The implementation of this research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, expert validation, and pretest-posttest tests. The study was conducted on V-A and V-C class students at SD IT Al-Falaah Sambi, totalling 40 students. The results of the media feasibility test amounted to 4.59, including the " Very Good " criteria; the material feasibility test amounted to 4.18, including the "Very Good" standards; and the feasibility test from practitioner validation amounted to 5, including the "Very Good" criteria. Product effectiveness tests were conducted using pretest-posttest test questions in experimental and control classes. The hypothesis test results obtained a probability of significance of 0.022 < 0.05, meaning that students' understanding of the concept of fractions increased. From the study results, it was concluded that GeoGebra-based Fractional Gap learning media is feasible and practical to be applied to improve the understanding of the concept of fractions of grade V elementary school students.
A Study on the Integrated Support System for University Students in Academic Probation
Authors:   The Korea Association of Education Consulting & Coaching, KAECC, Kim InSook , Sim HyeonAe , Song YoungSun
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to provide implications for preparing university-level integrated support policies to prevent academic probation of university students from being warned and eliminated in the middle by presenting the role of related departments in the university. Therefore, the research method is to consider prior studies, interviews, case studies and expert consultation. The results of the study are as follows. First of all, through interviews with university students and case studies, it was confirmed that there was a need for management and support for understudied students, establishing a system to check academic achievement levels at any time, and integrated support for related departments. Second, through the review of academic warning programs, psychological support, support for classes and learning, individual and group program operations, development of inspection tools, and measures to overcome academic warnings were presented. Third, the university-level integrated support system and operation plan were presented by classifying the learning slump and academic warning experience process of university students into three stages during and after the semester. The significance of this study is as follows. Based on prior research related to bachelor's warning college students and researchers' long research and operation experience, the university-level role and integrated support measures were presented until the escape of bachelor's warning and mid-career.
Experiment ended
Authors: Bard AI
Published: June 2023

Bard on J&J subsidiary alleges fraud
Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw dalam Pemecahan Permasalahan Karakter Siswa
Authors: Sholihah Dwi Maratus
Published: June 2023

Model pembelajaran jigsaw merupakan model pembelajaran yang dapat menjadi alternatif dalam pemecahan masalah siswa-siswa yang cenderung pasif dikelas agar menjadi lebih aktif dalam semua langkah pembelajaran. Mereka harus bertanggung jawab menjelaskan materi yang mereka dapat dari kelompok ahli ke kelompok asal mereka. Model pembelajaran jigsaw juga dapat digunakan dalam mengatasi permasalahan siswa yang kurang memiliki sikap kerjasama yang baik saat bekerja dalam kelompok. Dengan model pembelajaran jigsaw, siswa yang kurang memiliki sikap kerjasana yang baik dituntut untuk saling bekerja sama menjelaskan materi pembelajaran, saling meminta pendapat, mengusulkan ide, dan menghargai pendapat teman-temannya baik dalam kelompok asal maupun kelompok ahli. Selain itu, model pembelajaran jigsaw juga dapat meningkatkan tingkat kedisipilinan siswa yang cenderung membuat onar di kelas. Karena mereka harus terlibat dalam segala aktivitas dalam pembelajaran sehingga mengurangi kesempatan mereka membuat keributan.
Analisis Angka Pendidikan di Salo Timur, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau: Pendekatan Penelitian Inovatif dalam Wilayah yang Belum Pernah Diteliti Sebelumnya
Authors: Prahmana Surya Abdi
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini dianggap inovatif karena merupakan penelitian pertama yang menggali data dan menganalisis angka pendidikan di Salo Timur, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Melalui pendekatan penelitian inovatif ini, diharapkan akan diperoleh pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif tentang kondisi pendidikan di Salo Timur dan potensi perbaikan yang dapat dilakukan.Dengan menggali data terkini dan menganalisis angka pendidikan, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan baru bagi pemerintah, lembaga pendidikan, dan masyarakat setempat untuk mengembangkan strategi dan program pendidikan yang lebih efektif. Hasil penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar bagi kebijakan pendidikan di Salo Timur yang lebih berpihak pada peningkatan kualitas dan aksesibilitas pendidikan.Dalam pendahuluan ini, telah dijelaskan pentingnya melakukan analisis angka pendidikan di Salo Timur, Kabupaten Kampar, Provinsi Riau. Dengan keterbatasan data yang tersedia, masih terdapat tantangan dalam hal akses pendidikan, tingkat putus sekolah yang tinggi, dan kualitas pendidikan yang perlu diperhatikan. Melalui pendekatan penelitian inovatif, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif tentang kondisi pendidikan di Salo Timur dan menjadi dasar bagi pengembangan strategi dan program pendidikan yang lebih efektif.
Experiment ended
Authors: BardLancet AI
Published: June 2023

Bard on the retraction and expressions of concern of an ob-gyn who called criticism ‘racist’ and ‘hate speech’
Kemampuan menulis puisi siswa SMPN 45 Pekanbaru
Authors: rahmatin sari
Published: June 2023

kemampuan menulis puisi dengan tema lingkungan siswa kelas VIII 1 SMP Negeri 45 Pekanbaru ditinjau dari aspek isi, diksi, imaji, gaya bahasa dan rima/ritma tergolong ke dalam kategori baik dengan nilai rata-rata 72. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan menulis puisi siswa dengan tema lingkungan perlu ditingkatkan lagi dengan cara latihan dan pemebrian tugas agar tercapainya hasil yang maksimal.Puisi yang ditulis oleh siswa berisikan gagasan pokok bertema bebas. Pemilihan kata cermat dan artistik, imaji sudah mampu menggambarkan tema lingkungan, gaya bahasa yang digunakan memberikan efek penggambaran lingkungan. Namun, untuk aspek rima/ritma masih kurang memadai. Pada aspek isi siswa memperoleh skor rata-rata 20 dari skor maksimal 30. Pada aspek diksi siswa memperoleh skor rata-rata 15,4 dari skor maksimal 20. Pada aspek imaji siswa memperoleh skor rata-rata 15,2 dari skor maksimal 20. Pada aspek gaya bahasa siswa memperoleh skor rata-rata 15,6 dari skor maksimal 20. Pada aspek rima dan ritma siswa memperoleh skor rata-rata 6,6 dari skor maksimal 10.
PERANAN MUSIK MENURUT ALKITAB DALAM IBADAH DI GEREJA
Authors: Huru Marselin Djara
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK : Tulisan yang berjudul “Peranan Musik menurut Alkitab dalam Ibadah Gereja” ini merupakan tulisan yang dilatar belakangi oleh, keinginan Penulis untuk mengetahui apa yang menjadi peran musik menurut Alkitab, yang digunakan dalam setiap Ibadah Kristen, serta bagaimana cara orang kristen memaknainya dengan benar. Berbicara tentang musik dan peranannya dalam ibadah bukanlah sesuatu hal yang asing lagi, sebab banyak gereja yang sudah menggunakan musik dalam melaksanakan ibadah, baik itu dari aliran Injili, Protestan, Karismatik atau Pantekosta. Tulisan ini juga bertujuan untuk menjawab 1. Apa itu musik gereja dalam ibadah? 2. Apa itu musik menurut Alkitab? 3. Serta apa itu ibadah dan peranan musik?. Dengan hasil: 1. Musik adalah suara yang disusun demikian rupa sehingga mengandung irama, lagu, dan keharmonisan terutama dari suara yang dihasilkan dari alat-alat yang dapat menghasilkan irama Walaupun musik adalah sejenis fenomena intuisi, untuk mencipta, memperbaiki dan mempersembahkannya adalah suatu bentuk seni. 2. Musik merupakan ungkapan bahasa dalam berkomunikasi. Ulangan 31:19 menjelaskan bahwa: Tuhan memerintahkan Musa menuliskan dan mengajarkan nyanyian kepada bangsa Israel. Musik juga sebagai message and mission, dimana musik berfungsi sebagai pernyataan/wahyu Tuhan kepada manusia. Pada Efesus 5:19 dan Kolose 3:16 juga menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip kekristenan melalui musik. 3. Bahkan musik mampu mempengaruhi pendengarnya. Proses saat seseorang mendengar musik yaitu: pertama, persepsi. Dimana suara musik ditangkap oleh telinga. Kedua, sensasi. Dari telinga diteruskan ke otak. Ketiga, reaksi atau tanggapan. Setelah sampai ke otak akan segera diikuti reaksi atau tanggapan yaitu tanggapan mental (mengerti, mengherankan, membingungkan), tanggapan emosi (sukacita, marah, ketakutan, kepuasan), dan tanggapan fisik (meloncat, tertawa, menangis). Oleh karena itu musik menjadi begitu penting dalam ibadah.
Penggunaan Pendekatan Pakem Guna Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berfikir Kritis Mahasiswa
Authors: Tsania Dzahira
Published: June 2023

Hasil dari pembahasan yang telah dipaparkan diatas maka penggunaan pendekatan PAKEM dalam metode pembelajaran dikelas pada mahasiswa mampu meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir kritis mahasiswa. Hal ini telah dibuktikan oleh banyaknya peneliti yang telah meneliti hal tersebut, karena peningkatan kemampuan berfikir mahasiswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui metode pembelajaran yang digunkan apabila terdapat situasi pembelajaran yang kurang menyenangkan maka akan banyak muncul mahasiswa yang tidak aktif dikelas.Oleh karena itu, pentingnya bagi dosen untuk mengetahui metode pembelajaran apa yang tepat yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran berlangsung agar terciptyanya mahasiswa yang berfikir kritis dan aktif dalam pembelajaran berlangsung. Metode pembelajaran yang efektif maka akan terealisasikan pujla dengan efektif oleh mahasiswanya.
Experiment ended
Authors: Bard AI
Published: June 2023

Bard on a psychiatrist’s effort prompting retraction of antidepressant treatment paper
KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MEMBEDAKAN KATA BAKU DAN KATA TIDAK BAKU DI KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 3 GUNUNG MALELO, KECAMATAN KOTO KAMPAR HULU, KABUPATEN KAMPAR, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Alfalah Riski
Published: June 2023

This study aims to test students' ability to distinguish between standard and non-standard words in class VIII SD Negeri 3 Gunung Malelo. This study used a descriptive quantitative research method involving 20 students as respondents. Data was collected through a questionnaire containing the selection of standard words and non-standard words using the Google form. The results showed that the students' ability to distinguish between standard and non-standard words reached the moderate category with an average score of 84. Statistical analysis showed that there was a difference between the scores of male and female students, with an average male of 84.29 and women at 83.85. In addition, the data also shows that students tend to have a low understanding of the use of standard and non-standard words. Based on the results of the chi test of one sample, the research hypothesis was accepted and the average student score was 80. This study concluded that efforts were needed to improve students' ability to distinguish between standard and non-standard words in class VIII SD Negeri 3 Gunung Malelo.
Guru Sebagai Fasilitator Pembelajaran Inovatif Era Digital: Kelebihan dan Kelemahan
Authors: Panggabean Kholizah
Published: June 2023

Tujuan artikel ini mengeksplorasi tentang guru sebagai fasilitator pembelajaran inovatif era digital serta kelebihan dan kelemahan yang dialami.Penelitian ini memberikan beberapa rekomendasi inovasi pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kreatifitas dan inovasi guru dalam mendidik murid di era digital.
Hubungan Antara Keterlibatan Orang Tua dan Prestasi Akademik Siswa di SMKN 2 Pekanbaru: Studi Korelasi dengan Pendekatan Penelitian Baru
Authors: Septiarini Yosa Dwi
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari siswa-siswi di SMKN 2 Pekanbaru yang terpilih secara acak. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner untuk mengukur tingkat keterlibatan orang tua dan data prestasi akademik siswa yang diperoleh dari catatan sekolah. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik uji korelasi T-student.Data mengenai tingkat keterlibatan orang tua akan dikumpulkan melalui pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang terkait dengan dukungan emosional, dukungan akademik, partisipasi dalam kegiatan sekolah, dan pengawasan terhadap kegiatan belajar anak. Sedangkan data prestasi akademik siswa akan diperoleh dari catatan nilai yang ada di SMKN 2 Pekanbaru.Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang hubungan antara keterlibatan orang tua dan prestasi akademik siswa di SMKN 2 Pekanbaru. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan yang berguna bagi pihak sekolah, orang tua, dan pihak terkait dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di SMKN 2 Pekanbaru serta meningkatkan peran orang tua dalam mendukung prestasi akademik siswa.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek dan Metode Diskusi dalam Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Santa Maria Pekanbaru: Analisis dengan Uji Homogenitas pada Konteks Pendidikan
Authors: Panggabean Kholizah
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan efektivitas metode pembelajaran berbasis proyekdan metode diskusi dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa kelas VIII di SMP SantaMaria Pekanbaru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis dengan uji homogenitasuntuk mengukur perbedaan variabilitas pemahaman konsep siswa antara kedua metode. Hasilanalisis menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dalam variabilitas pemahamankonsep siswa antara kedua metode pembelajaran. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa keduametode memiliki potensi yang setara dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep siswa. Penelitianini memberikan implikasi penting dalam konteks pendidikan, di mana guru dan lembagapendidikan dapat memilih metode pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa dankonteks pembelajaran.
PENERAPAN GREEN ACCOUNTING TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS UMKM TAHU DI SURABAYA
Authors: Febriyana Nabila
Published: June 2023

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana profitabilitas produsen UMKM Tahu di Surabaya dipengaruhi oleh green accounting. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan survey ke lokasi penelitian dengan menggunakan metodologi deskriptif kualitatif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pabrik Tahu UMKM di Surabaya menyadari kurangnya pengetahuan mereka tentang akuntansi hijau dan kurangnya kesadaran lingkungan. Karena tingginya biaya produksi, mayoritas pelaku usaha UMKM Tahu menyadari kekurangan tangki pengolahan air limbah. Alhasil, UMKM Tahu sengaja membangun pabrik di dekat sungai untuk membuang limbah cair tanpa diolah terlebih dahulu.
Virtual reality in primary science education: Improving knowledge of the water cycle
Authors: Martarelli Corinna , Dubach Josua , Schelleis Natalie , Cacchione Trix , Tempelmann Sebastian
Published: June 2023

Virtual reality (VR) can provide access to otherwise inaccessible aspects of the world and thus promote science learning. We developed a VR learning tool about the water cycle, with 11 lessons for classroom teaching at the primary level. We assessed prior knowledge before a four-week intervention and learning outcomes directly after the intervention, as well as eight weeks later. A total of 165 children aged 11 to 12 years participated in the study. We manipulated immersion by using either VR headsets or computers, and interaction by having children either directly engaging with the virtual world or observe an avatar executing the same actions. This design allowed us to test the impact of different levels of immersion and interaction on learning about the water cycle. The results showed an effect of immersion but not of interaction. Children who worked with headsets outperformed children who used computers both in the test immediately after the intervention and eight weeks after the intervention. Further, we assessed several affective, cognitive, and physical variables during the intervention, including spatial presence, motion sickness, cognitive load, physical load, and children’s satisfaction (liking). The findings indicate that immersive VR is a promising tool for teaching science topics about otherwise inaccessible aspects of the world. Future research is needed to better understand how interactive elements can enhance learning in this context.
Legal and ethical considerations regarding the use of ChatGPT in education
Authors: Panagopoulou Fereniki , Parpoula Christina , Karpouzis Kostas
Published: June 2023

Artificial intelligence has evolved enormously over the last two decades, becoming mainstream in different scientific domains including education, where so far, it is mainly utilized to enhance administrative and intelligent tutoring systems’ services and academic support. ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-based chatbot, developed by OpenAI and released in November 2022, has rapidly gained attention from the entire international community for its impressive performance in generating comprehensive, systematic, and informative human-like responses to user input through natural language processing. Inevitably, it has also rapidly posed several challenges, opportunities, and potential issues and concerns raised regarding its use across various scientific disciplines. This paper aims to discuss the legal and ethical implications arising from this new technology, identify potential use cases, and enrich our understanding of Generative AI, such as ChatGPT, and its capabilities in education. The paper is part of the Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of the Network of Learning and Teaching Centers in Greece: Transforming Higher Education Teaching Practice
Kritisches (Be-)Denken im Kontext eines Nachhaltigkeits-Dilemmas
Authors: Kohnen Marcus , Rott David
Published: June 2023

Im Rahmen dieses Beitrages wird Kritisches Denken als Konzept im Kontext von transformativer Bildung und Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung verortet, um hiervon ausgehend Kritisches Denken anhand von Äußerungen von Schüler*innen (Gymnasium, N = 593) empirisch zu betrachten. Hierzu wird ein Dilemma im Themenbereich Nachhaltigkeit ausgewertet. Ausgehend von den Ergebnissen wird diskutiert, inwiefern Kritisches Denken im Kontext von Schule gefördert werden kann.
Schulleiter*innen als Promotor*innen der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung. Bericht zum Forschungsprojekt „Lead4ESD Principal Study“
Authors: Stricker Tobias , Müller Ulrich , Hancock Dawson R. , Wang Chuang
Published: June 2023

Schulleitungen üben entscheidenden Einfluss auf Schulkultur oder Leistung einer Schule aus. Ihre Rolle bei der Implementation von Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) wurde bisher jedoch kaum untersucht. Der Bericht gibt Einblick in ein Forschungsprojekt zu Aktivitäten, Kompetenzen und Einfluss von Schulleitungen im Kontext von Schulentwicklung für BNE.
Schulen ganzheitlich für die Zukunft aufstellen. Strukturelle Verankerung von Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung im Whole System Approach
Authors: Dreizler Patricia
Published: June 2023

Im Modellprojekt „BNE-Modellschulen in der Bildungsregion Heidenheim“ arbeiteten Schülerinnen und Schüler, Lehrkräfte und Schulleitungen aus fünf BNE-Modellschulen gemeinsam an neuen, ganzheitlichen Ansätzen zur Verankerung von Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) in ihren Schulen. Das Ziel: Schule so aufzustellen, dass die Schülerinnen und Schüler eine umfassende nachhaltigkeitsorientierte Gestaltungskompetenz entwickeln können, vorausschauend mit Zukunft umgehen sowie an innovativen Lebens- und Gesellschaftsentwürfen mitwirken, die einen zukunftsweisenden und verantwortlichen Übergang in eine nachhaltige Welt möglich machen. Inzwischen steht allen BNE-entwicklungsinteressierten Schulen Baden-Württembergs ein intensives, begleitetes Fortbildungsangebot, durch das Zentrum für Schulqualität und Lehrerbildung (ZSL), zur Teilnahme offen.
चितवनका चेपाङ जातिमा सांस्कृतिक परिवर्तन {Cultural changes in the Chepang caste of Chitwan}
Authors: पोख्रेल Pokhrel डी.आर. D.R.
Published: June 2023

चितवन वागमती प्रदेशको एक जिल्ला हो । यस जिल्लाको केही माथिल्लो भेगमा चेपाङ जाति बस्दछन् । यस जातिको आफनै थातथलो, भाषा, संस्कृति र आर्थिक जीवन छ । अति सीमान्तकृत आदिवासी जनजातिका रूपमा सूचीकृत भई यिनीहरूले आफनो जातीय मौलिक पहिचान पनि बनाइसकेको छ । प्रकृतिपूजन दृष्टि, संयुक्त परिवारको सामाजिक संरचना, आदिम प्रकारको चालचलन यस आदि जातिको विशेषता हो । आज यस मौलिक पहिचानमा धेरै परिवर्तन आएको छ । जमिनको स्वामित्व, नागरिकता आदिका समस्याहरू छन् । भाषाको वक्ताहरू घटिरहेका छन् । संयुक्त परिवारमा पनि परिवर्तन आएको छ । हिन्दूकरण र इसाईकरणले उनीहरूको समाज र संस्कृतिमा ठूलो हेरफेर ल्याएको छ । यस जातिको विकासका लागि सरकारी र गैरसरकारी अनेक धार्मिक, सामाजिक संस्थाहरूले अनेक योजना र कार्यक्रम ल्याएको देखिन्छ । तर उनीहरूले छोडेपछि चेपाङ समाजको स्थितिमा कुनै सुधार नभई झन् बिग्रिएको पाइन्छ । ती संस्थाहरूले विकासका सपनाहरू त बाँडे तर यस जातिलाई आत्मनिर्भर बनाउन सकेनन् । सीप कौशल सिकाएनन् । यस जातिको मौलिक रूचि र क्षमतालाई वास्ता नगरी संस्थाहरूले आफना अभीष्ट सिद्धि प्राप्ति गर्न मात्र लागेका देखिन्छन् । यसकारण आज पनि चेपाङ जातिको जीवन सङ्क्रमणबाट गुज्रिरहेको छ । उनीहरू न हिजोको मौलिक पहिचानमा छन् न आजको विकासबाट लाभान्वित छन् । जातीय विद्वषका भावनाबाट भन्दा पनि जातीय जागरणका चेतनाबाट नै उनीहरूको उत्थान सम्भव हुन्छ । धर्मान्तरणले जातीय उत्थान हुन सक्तैन । यो कुरो बुझाउनु पर्नेछ र यसजातिको विकास र समुन्नत भविष्यका निम्ति नेपाल सरकारले नै दायित्व लिनुको अर्को विकल्प छैन ।
प्रशासनिक संरचनाका दृष्टिमा चितवन जिल्ला : एक ऐतिहासिक सर्वेक्षण {Chitwan District in terms of Administrative Structure: a Historical Survey
Authors: बानियाँ Baniya कर्णबहादुर Karnabahadur
Published: June 2023

चितवन नेपालको मध्य भागमा रहेको रमणीय ठाउँ हो । प्रागैतिहासिक कालमा यो क्षेत्र विदेह राज्य अन्तर्गत रहेको देखिन्छ । प्राचीनकालमा लिच्छवी वंशको अधिनमा रहेको यो क्षेत्र मध्यकालको पूर्वाद्र्धमा तिरहुत राज्यको प्रभावमा रहेको पाइन्छ । मध्यकालमा सेनवंशी राजाहरूको अधिनमा रहेको यस क्षेत्रलाई तनहुँका शासकहरूले हिउँदे राजधानीको रूपमा समेत प्रयोग गर्दथे । यो क्षेत्र नेपालमा गाभिएपछि केही समय मज्र्यादापुर जिल्लाको रूपमा रहन गयो । राणा शासनकालदेखि भने चिसापानीगढी अन्तर्गतको एक इलाकाको रूपमा रहेको थियो । नेपाललाई ७५ जिल्लामा विभाजन गर्दा चितवनलाई पनि अगलै जिल्लाको रूपमा स्थापित गरिएको हो । त्यसपछि मात्र यो क्षेत्र प्रशासनिक, राजनीतिक, धार्मिक तथा सांस्कृतिक महत्वको स्थानको रूपमा विकसित हुँदै गएको छ । पञ्चायत व्यवस्थाको प्रारम्भमा यस जिल्लामा २२ वटा गाउँ पञ्चायत मात्र भएकोमा जनसङ्ख्या बढ्दै गएपछि नयाँ संविधान लागू हुने बेलासम्ममा मैदानी इलाकामा रहेका अधिकांस बस्तीहरू नगरपालिकामा परिणत भइसकेका थिए । नयाँ संविधान लागू भएपछि यस क्षेत्रमा एक महानगरपालिका, पाँच नगरपालिका र एक गाउँपालिका गरी सात वटा स्थानीय तह गठन भएका छन् । पञ्चायतकालको प्रारम्भमा चितवनबाट राष्ट्रिय पञ्चायतमा एक जना मात्र प्रतिनिधि पठाउने व्यवस्था भएकोमा बहुदलको पुनस्र्थापना पछि प्रतिनिधिसभामा पाँच जना सांसदसम्म निर्वाचित हुने व्यवस्था भइसकेको थियो । नेपालको संविधान २०७२ ले संघीय र प्रदेश सभाको व्यवस्था गरेको हुनाले यो जिल्लालाई संघीय सभामा प्रतिनिधित्वका लागि ३ र प्रदेश सभामा प्रतिनिधित्वका लागि ६ निर्वाचन क्षेत्रमा विभाजित गरिएको छ । चितवन अलगै जिल्लाको रूपमा स्थापित हुँदा जिल्ला पञ्चायतको महत्वपूर्ण स्थान थियो । त्यतिखेर पञ्चायत विकास अधिकारीको मातहतमा थोरै कार्यालय मात्र खुलेका थिए । अहिले जिल्ला समन्वय समिति नाम मात्रको बनेको छ । तापनि यस जिल्लामा विभिन्न सेवा प्रदान गर्ने, विकास निर्माणसम्बन्धी काम गर्ने र शान्तिसुरक्षाको काम गर्ने गरी विभिन्न कार्यालयहरू स्थापना भइसकेका छन् । चितवनको प्रशासनिक संरचनामा भइरहेको निरन्तरको परिवर्तनले यस क्षेत्रको महत्व दिनानुदिन वृद्धि हुँदै गएको प्रतित हुन्छ ।
नेपालको संविधानमा शिक्षासम्बन्धी प्रावधान र अभ्यास {Education related Provisions and Practices in the Constitution of Nepal}
Authors: सापकोटा Sapkota रमाकान्त Ramakanta
Published: June 2023

नेपालको संविधान २०७२ को प्रस्तावनामा समाजबादप्रति प्रतिबद्धता व्यक्त भएको छ । यो संविधान लागु भएपछि बनेको पन्ध्रौं योजनाले “समृद्ध नेपाल सुखी नेपाली” भन्ने दीर्घकालीन सोंच तयार गरेको छ । त्यस्तै गरी नेपाललाई “समुन्नत, स्वाधीन रसमाजवाद उन्मुख अर्थतन्त्रसहितको समान अवसर प्राप्त, स्वस्थ, शिक्षित, मर्यादित र उच्च जीवनस्तर भएका सुखी नागरिक बसोबास गर्ने मुलुकका रूपमा रुपान्तरण गर्ने “राष्ट्रिय संकल्प तयार छ । संवैधानिक प्रतिबद्धता अनुसार राष्ट्रिय योजना आयोगले बनाएको नेपाल राष्ट्रिय ढाँचा (वि.सं. २०७८–२०८७) दीगो विकास लक्ष ४ ले “समावेशी र समतामूलक गुणस्तरीय शिक्षाको सुनिश्चितता तथा सबैका लागि जीवनपर्यन्त शिक्षाको प्रवद्र्धन गर्ने” परिकल्पना गरेको छ । संवैधानिक प्रतिबद्धता पूरा गर्ने अभ्यासका क्रममा राष्ट्रिय शिक्षा नीति २०७६ पनि जारी भएको छ । २०७६–२०८५ साललाई सार्वजनिक शिक्षा सवलीकरणको दशक भनेको छ । आधारभूत तहमा अनिवार्य तथा निःशुल्क शिक्षा सम्वन्धित ऐन पनि बनेको छ । संविधानका अक्षर र भावनाअनुसार यतिसम्म भएका अभ्यासलाई लेखिएको हदसम्म ठिकै भन्न सकिन्छ तर देखिएको कुरा लेखिएको अनुसार नै छ त ? यो प्रश्न अहिलेको प्रमुख प्रश्न बनेको छ । समाजवाद उन्मुख शिक्षानीति प्रारम्भ गर्न राज्यको भूमिका के ? अनि सबैका लागि गुणस्तरीय शिक्षा कसरी ? संविधानपछिको शिक्षाऐन कहिले आउने ? जस्ता प्रश्नमा राज्यको सम्बोधन स्पष्ट छैन । शैक्षिक गुणस्तर परीक्षण केन्द्र (भ्च्इ)ले लगानी, प्रक्रिया, परिणाम र प्रभावका आधारमा शैक्षिक गुणस्तर परीक्षण गर्दै आएको छ । ५३ जिल्लाका ५१३३ विद्यालयको शैक्षिक गुणस्तर तथा विद्यालय कार्य सम्पादन परीक्षणको प्रतिवेदन संश्लेषण २०७९ सार्वजनिक गरेको छ । प्रतिवेदनमा देशभरमा १० वटा विद्यालय उत्तम श्रेणीका र ७६८ मध्यम श्रेणीका र बाँकी सामान्य र कमजोर देखिएका छन् । शिक्षा मन्त्रालयबाट घोषित ४०० भन्दा बढी नमुना विद्यालय समेत कमजोर देखिएका छन् । परीक्षणमा समावेश भएका चितवनका ९० विद्यालय मध्येमा १ उत्तम र २२ वटा विद्यालय मध्यम तहका देखिन्छन् । यो लेख मुख्यतया द्वितीय स्रोतमा आधारित छ । नेपालको संविधान २०७२, नेपाल सरकारको पन्ध्रौँ योजना, दीगो विकास लक्ष राष्ट्रिय ढाँचा (वि.सं. २०७८–२०८७), राष्ट्रिय शिक्षा नीति २०७६, शैक्षिक गुणस्तर परीक्षण केन्द्र (ERO), शैक्षिक सूचना २०७८, आर्थिक वर्ष २०७८/७९ को बजेट वक्तव्य, बागमती प्रदेशको वस्तुस्थिति विवरण २०७५ तथा शैक्षिक सूचना २०७७, भरतपुर महानगरको शैक्षिक सूचना २०७८ तथा नीतिगत एवं कानुनी अभ्यास लगायतका स्रोतबाट प्राप्त तथ्याङ्क, विवरण, प्रावधान, निर्णय, प्रतिवद्धताहरू समावेश गरिएका छन् ।
प्रसाईका उपन्यासमा पितृसत्ताप्रतिको प्रतिरोधी नारीचेतना
Authors: अर्याल अम्बिका
Published: June 2023

सत्तामा रहनेका निर्णय, शासन र शक्तिका आधारमा राज्यसञ्चालन हुने गर्दछ । तसर्थ पुरुषकै हालीमुहाली र वर्चस्वले पितृसत्तामा स्थान पाउँछ । सृष्टिमा समान रूपमा विकसित भएका नारी र पुरुषको आफ्नै महत्त्व र भूमिका हुँदाहुँदै दुईका भिन्न लिङ्गलाई आधार बनाएर विभेदका मानक स्थापित गर्दै अघि बढेको पुरुषकेन्द्रित पितृसत्तात्मक व्यवस्था पुरुषकै हितबाट अभिप्रेरित छ । पुरुषले नारीलाई जैविक आधारमा कमजोर साबित गर्दै पारिवारिक, सामाजिक, कानुनी, आर्थिक आदि भूमिकामाथि गरेको विभेद तथा दमनलाई पितृसत्ताले समर्थन गरेको छ । यसर्थ पुरुषको श्रेष्ठता, शक्तिशाली एवम् आधिपत्य भूमिकाका विपरीत महिलालाई कमजोर, निरीह तथा शक्तिहीन ठानी उत्पीडन र दमनको सिकार बनाइरहने एकलौटी र पुरुषकेन्द्री संस्था नै पितृसत्ता हो । नेपालमा पनि पितृसत्तात्मक व्यवस्था र त्यसको प्रभाव कायमै छ । देशको राजनीतिक, सामाजिक तथा सांस्कृतिक पक्षलाई कलात्मक रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिने साहित्यिक कृतिमा समेत पितृसत्तात्मक प्रभाव र वर्तमानमा त्यसप्रति सचेत नारीका चेतना मुखरित भएका हुन्छन् । प्रसाईका उपन्यासमा पनि पितृसत्ताले नारीमाथि गर्ने शासन, दमन र विभेदका विरुद्धमा नारीले गरेका विद्रोह, सङ्घर्ष तथा त्यसप्रतिको प्रतिरोधी चेतनालाई केकसरी प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ भन्ने मूल जिज्ञासामा केन्द्रित भएर सोही प्रश्नको प्राज्ञिक उत्तर खोज्ने उद्देश्य यस लेखको रहेको छ । यसका लागि सिमोन द बुभाले अघि सारेका पितृसत्ताप्रतिको प्रतिरोधी चेतनासम्बन्धी नारीवादी सिद्धान्तलाई कृतिविश्लेषणको सैद्धान्तिक आधार मानी निगमनात्मक विधिबाट तथ्यको विश्लेषण गरी समस्याको निरूपण गरिएको छ । प्रसाईका हालसम्म प्रकाशित चारवटै उपन्यासको विश्लेषणबाट उनका उपन्यासमा नारीहरूमाथि पितृसत्तात्मक व्यवस्था र सोचका कारण गरिने फरक व्यवहार, दोस्रो दर्जाका रूपमा नारीलाई हेरिने परिपाटी र पितृसत्ताले निर्माण गरेका नीतिनियम र व्यवहारमा हुने लैङ्गिक विभेद एवम् शोषणप्रति सचेत नारीको बुलन्द आवाजले पितृसत्ताप्रतिको प्रतिरोधी नारीचेतनालाई प्रस्ट पारेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । यसले साहित्यमा समाजको यथार्थलाई प्रस्तुत गर्ने मात्र नभएर वर्तमान समाजको दिशा बदल्ने वा समाजलाई मार्गनिर्देश गर्ने शक्ति हुने तथ्यलाई प्रस्ट पारेको छ । पितृसत्ताले गाँजेको नेपाली समाजमा यसप्रतिको नारीचेतना आवश्यक रहेको र समतामूलक समाज निर्माणका लागि सचेत व्यक्तिले लिङ्गकै आधारमा बनेका कृत्रिम मानक तथा सोचलाई बदल्न सक्नुपर्ने विचार सम्प्रेषण गरी समाजपरिवर्तनका लागि मार्गनिर्देश गर्नमा प्रसाईका उपन्यास सबल रहेको तथ्यलाई समेत यस लेखले उजागर गरेको छ ।
Dust properties around NGC 7023 nebula in interstellar medium using IRIS, AKARI, and WISE survery
Authors: Subedi Anil , Chaudhary Ashok , Chaudhary Keshab , Khatiwada Kushal , Kandel Ramchandra , Narayan Yadav Shiv , Raj Upadhyay Devendra , Kumar Jha Ajay
Published: June 2023

We have studied the physical properties of dust around the nebula NGC 7023. The physical properties have been studied at 60 μm and 100 μm in the IRIS survey, 90 μm and 140 μm in the AKARI survey, and 12 μm and 22 μm in the WISE survey at the right ascension (R.A.) (J2000) = 21h01m35.60s, declination (J2000) = + 68o10m10.0s. The nebula is found at a distance of 335.82 pc from us. We found the dust color temperature is in the range between 36.19 K ± 0.03 K to 24.49 K ± 0.03 K with an average dust color temperature of 28.24 K ± 0.03 K in IRIS survey and a range between 38.80 K ± 0.25 K to 21.00 K ± 0.25 K with an average dust color temperature 26.39 K ± 0.25 K in AKARI survey. Similarly, in WISE, the dust color temperature was found in the range between 130.92 K ± 0.01 K to 88.71 K ± 0.01 K with an average of 104.76 K ± 0.25 K. The temperature in WISE is higher than that of the IRIS and AKARI survey. We have also calculated the dust mass, whose average value was found to be 1.18 x 1027 kg (5.93 x 10−4 M⊙) in IRIS, 1.06 x 1028 kg (5.33 x 10−3 M⊙) in AKARI, and 1.06 x 1027 kg (5.33 x 10−4 M⊙) in the WISE survey. We have also studied the visual extinction parameter due to such dust in infrared bands. This work will contribute to understanding infrared band emission from the dusty region around the nebular structure in the interstellar medium.
Wavelet coherence analysis foF2 over Boulder station during different geomagnetic activity
Authors: Giri Ashutosh , Adhikari Binod , Shrestha Bikash , Rimal Shramik
Published: June 2023

A geomagnetic storm is a major disturbance of Earth’s magnetosphere that occurs when there is a very efficient exchange of energy from the solar wind into the space environment surrounding Earth. During solar and geomagnetic activities, critical frequency of F2 layer (foF2) varies in a great extent. The focus of the current study is on variations in foF2, the critical frequency of the F2 layer, during the intense geomagnetic storm of solar cycle 24 and quiet storm of solar cycle 25. The foF2 data of mid latitude station BC840 (Boulder) in the American region have been used to study geomagnetic and solar wind properties linked with foF2. Time series analysis and Wavelet Coherence analysis have been used to establish the relationship between those parameters. We have found considerable effect of solar and geomagnetic storm disturbances on foF2 during the geomagnetic storm time. The foF2 is enhanced prior to the storm and depletes during recovery phase with no significant changes observed during weak storm. The enhancement or depletion in foF2 may be used as precursor of geomagnetic storms. With long trend analysis and larger database we can make a catalog which can be used to predict the geomagnetic storm and deepen our understanding in impacts of storms on communication signals due to energy injected in ionosphere.
Association of anemia with BMI in paramedical students of the remote and rural high land of Mid-Western Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Bishal , Parajuli Kirti , Nayak Ramesh , Subedi Dharma Datta
Published: June 2023

Background and Objectives: Anemia is a widespread public health issue. It impairs immune systems and is linked to an increase in morbidity. Additional factors linked to lower hemoglobin (Hb) levels in adolescents include lack of awareness, low educational status, poor dietary practices, and unhealthy eating habits, low iron bioavailability of the diet, decreased physical activity, malaria, and parasite infestations. Studies on the incidence and severity of anemia among Nepali college students are extremely rare. The significance of research on the prevalence of anemia among college students cannot be underestimated. The study's objective was to evaluate the relationship between anemia and BMI in paramedical students from the isolated, rural highlands of Midwestern Nepal.
Materials and Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among the paramedical students of KAHS. A total of 96 students from paramedical students were participated in this study. Before collecting the data, the consent was taken from students. Data were collected from a semi-structured questionnaire and analyze by using SPSS software (20.0 Version). A chi square test was used to show the relationship between demographic variables and anemia.
Results: The prevalence of anemia was 20.8% (male=6.1% and female=53.3%) among the 96 students. There was no significant association between anemia and BMI (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The anemic status of students was significantly associated with gender but BMI and age where not the factors of anemic status in this Therefore, there should be adequate diet and nutritional status needs to be emphasized for paramedical students who are well educated and well oriented about nutrition and its ill effect on health.
Janaki Medical College expanding its horizon also through International Collaborations
Authors: Prakash Satyam , Dhungel Kshitiz Upadhyay
Published: June 2023

International Collaborations
Utilization of Family Planning Methods and associated factors among women of reproductive age group in Sunsari, Nepal
Authors: Mandal Punam Kumari , Yangden Namita , Rai Bhumika , Niraula Achala , Subedi Sabitra
Published: June 2023

Background and objectives: Family planning not only improves women’shealth but also promotes gender equality, better child health, and education, including poverty reduction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the utilization of family planning methods and associated factors in Sunsari, Nepal.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among women of the reproductive age group (15-49 years) in Sunsari in 2020. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to collect information from 212 respondents through face-to-face interviews using a Semi-structured interview schedule from ward no 1 of Barju rural municipality. Descriptive and inferential analysis (binary logistic regression)were used to find the association of utilization of family planning methods with selected demographic variables. All the variables with a p-value <0.1 in bivariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance at a level of significance of 5%.
Results: This study showed that the mean age and standard deviation of the respondents was 26±7.03 and 91.5 % of respondents’ age at marriage was less than 20 years.Likewise,67.5% of respondents use any methods of family planning and 55.2% of respondents use family planning services from the government health facility. Furthermore, education ((AOR 1.579, CI 1.013-2.462), husband’s occupation (AOR1.095,CI 0.744-1.610), type of family ((AOR 2.741, CI 1.210-6.210), and no of the living son ((AOR 0.259, CI 0.077-0.872) are the factors associated with the utilization of family planning methods.
Conclusion: This study concludes that two-thirds of the reproductive age women utilize family planning methods. Furthermore, education, husband’s occupation, type of family, and no of living son are the factors associated with the utilization of family planning methods. This reflects that awareness through mass media including behavioral communication is needed to increase the utilization of family planning methods.
Medical Undergraduate Students’ Viewpoint on Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rathoria Ekansh , Richa Rathoria  , Singal Umang , Singh Asheesh Pratap , Bansal Utkarsh , Agrawal Prashant
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic constrained medical colleges to discontinue face-to-face learning activities and suddenly switch to an online learning model. Technology is making its way into medical education, also being advocated by the medical commission, though students’ perception is still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the medical students’ perspectives on online learning.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study to assess the demographics, merits, demerits, recommendations, and suggestions for online learning by medical undergraduates. A combination of multiplechoice, Likert scale-based, and open-ended questions was used.
Results: The student-perceived merits of e-learning were flexibility in timings, convenience, self-directed learning approach, and prevention of pandemic spread. The demerits viewed were lack of personal interaction with teacher and batchmates, increased distractions, lack of high-speed internet, and less / no hands-on experience. The classroom teaching was the favoured teaching method (45.7%) and easy to comprehend (55.8%). The recommendations included: medical curriculum should not be completely e-learning based (84.1%), training for using online applications (51.4%), providing high-speed internet and apps with no time limit (83.7%), taking online tests (64.4%), student’s feedback (75%), and frequent online demonstrations and simulations (64.9%). Overall, 52.4% of students’ morale was positive towards e-learning. Students rated blended teaching as the preferred teaching method.
Conclusions: Medical students still prefer face-to-face learning and opted for blended learning over complete e-learning. Appropriate steps like training faculties, providing high-speed internet, taking formative tests, giving online demonstrations, involving simulations, and student feedback can improve e-learning quality.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Ventilated Children Admitted to Paediatrics Intensive Care Unit in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Singh Sandip Kumar , Khanal Babita , Singh Shivani
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Mechanical Ventilation is an essential tool in paediatric critical care unit. Judicious use of ventilation when indicated, is essential along with very close clinical and hemodynamic monitoring, for successful outcome. As prolonged ventilation is associated with numerous adverse outcomes, we tried to find out common complications associated with invasive mechanical ventilation and its outcome.
Methods: The study is an observational descriptive study conducted on mechanically ventilated children admitted to Paediatric Intensive Care Unit during 48 months period (November 2019 to October 2021). Demographic features included age, sex, reason for mechanical ventilation, duration of mechanical ventilation and any other comorbidities. Outcomes parameters included death in hospital, discharge from intensive care unit or shift to ward and left against medical advice (LAMA).
Results: Among 1352 children admitted to PICU, 212 children (15.68%) required invasive mechanical ventilation. Common causes for mechanical ventilation were sepsis / MODS in 22.64% cases, followed by pulmonary (20.28%) and CNS infections 39 (18.39%). 166 (78.30%) children were extubated successfully, 24 (11.32%) children expired and 22 (10.37%) went on LAMA. Mortality rate of 14.18% was found in children, who were ventilated for > 72 hours, which was statistically significant.
Conclusions: Ventilatory support is essential and lifesaving tool for critically ill children. Mortality rate was higher and statistically significant in children who were ventilated for > 72 hours.
Gastric Duplication Cyst in 4 Years Male Child: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Ingle Yamini , Patil Saurabh Shyamsunder , Londhe Mangesh
Published: June 2023

Gastric duplication cyst is an unusual congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract representing 4% of all alimentary tract duplications. Clinically the patients may remain asymptomatic or symptoms can be nonspecific, which include abdominal mass, pain, nausea and emesis. We report a four year old male child who presented with intermittent pain in abdomen. The child was evaluated for the same by radiology which suggested a duplication cyst in epigastric region. The child underwent excision for the same following which histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of gastric duplication cyst (Gastric mucosal cyst).