bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hyperspectral Band Selection with Unique Pixel Extraction and Adaptive Neighbor Clustering
Authors: Han Bing , Liu Mingqing , Ma Zhenyu , Zhang Ke , Xu Yanke , Wang Jingyu , Wang Qi
Published: January 2025

Band selection is an effective way to reduce redundant information, while preserving the physical properties of hyperspectral images (HSI). However, most band selection methods merely consider the relevance and separability between pairs of bands and ignore those for different ground objects. To solve these issues, we propose a Unique Pixel extraction and Adaptive Neighbor Clustering (UPANC) band selection method in this theoretical study. First, in consideration of the characteristics of HSI data and tasks, unique pixels are obtained with a low-rank representation, where the importance of bands is analyzed from both spectral and spatial perspectives. Second, an adaptive neighbor clustering method is designed based on the unique pixels, which groups bands into several clusters through optimizing the graph structure under label smoothness. With support vector machines (SVM) as the classifier, the UPANC method achieved good performance, where the overall accuracy scores were 89.05%, 82.62%, and 92.07% on the Houston, IndianPines, and Pavia University datasets, respectively. The experimental results illustrated the advantages of the UPANC method, which could select optimal bands to enhance the performance in land cover observation.
Seismic Interferometry for Single-Channel Data: A Promising Approach for Improved Offshore Wind Farm Evaluation
Authors: Wang Rui , Hu Bin , Zhang Hairong , Zhang Peizhen , Li Canping , Chen Fengying
Published: January 2025

Single-channel seismic (SCS) methods play a crucial role in offshore wind farm assessments, offering rapid and continuous imaging of the subsurface. Conventional SCS methods often fall short in resolution and signal completeness, leading to potential misinterpretations of geological structures. In this study, we propose the application of seismic interferometry as a powerful tool to address these challenges by utilizing multiple reflections that are usually considered as noise. First, we demonstrate the feasibility of using seismic interferometry to approximate the primary wavefield. Then, we evaluate a series of seismic interferometry applied in SCS data, including cross-correlation, deconvolution, and cross-coherence, and determine the most appropriate one for our purpose. Finally, by comparing and analyzing the differences in amplitude, continuity, time–frequency properties, etc., between conventional primary wavefield information and reconstructed primary wavefield information by seismic interferometry, it is proved that incorporating multiples as supplementary information through seismic interferometry significantly enhances data reliability and resolution. The introduction of seismic interferometry provides a more detailed and accurate geological assessment crucial for optimal site selection in offshore wind farm development.
Effect of Calcium Propionate and Chromium-Methionine Supplementation: Growth Performance, Body Fat Reserves, and Blood Parameters of High-Risk Beef Calves
Authors: Sánchez-Barbosa Oliver Yaotzin , Carrillo-Muro Octavio , Hernández-Briano Pedro , Rodríguez-Cordero Daniel , Rivera-Villegas Alejandro , Estrada-Angulo Alfredo , Plascencia Alejandro , Lazalde-Cruz Rosalba
Published: January 2025

Energy availability is a critical point in newly received calves. This study was conducted to examine the effect of daily calcium propionate (CaPr), chromium-methionine (Cr-Met), or CaPr plus Cr-Met (CaPr + Cr-Met) supplementation on growth performance, dietary energetics, body fat reserves, serum metabolites, and hematological responses in high-risk beef calves. Forty-eight crossbred bull calves (148.7 ± 2.05 kg body weight) were involved in a fully randomized experimental design. Calves which were individually pen allocated (12 repetitions/treatment) were subjected to one of the following treatments daily over 56 d: (1) Control, no additives; (2) CaPr, 19 g CaPr; (3) Cr-Met, 4 g Cr-Met; and (4) CaPr + Cr-Met, 19 g CaPr plus 4 g Cr-Met. Compared to controls, feed additive supplementation alone or in combination did not modify dry matter intake (DMI), but increased average daily gain (ADG), improving the ADG/DMI ratio. However, no synergistic effect on dietary energy utilization efficiency was observed with the combination of CaPr and Cr-Met; individual supplementation proved more effective. Because of the magnitude of the effects of Cr-Met on the efficiency of dietary energy utilization, this resulted in an increase (p < 0.05) in rump fat thickness (RFT). The supplementation of CaPr + Cr-Met decreased ALB/GLO ratio, MPV, and RBC, but increased TCHO, GLU, and MCH (p > 0.05). It is concluded that supplementation with CaPr or Cr-Met independently is an effective strategy to improve growth performance, energy utilization and retention, and body fat reserves, without adverse effects on health among high-risk beef calves.
The Application of an Intelligent Agaricus bisporus-Harvesting Device Based on FES-YOLOv5s
Authors: Ma Hao , Ding Yulong , Cui Hongwei , Ji Jiangtao , Jin Xin , Ding Tianhang , Wang Jiaoling
Published: January 2025

To address several challenges, including low efficiency, significant damage, and high costs, associated with the manual harvesting of Agaricus bisporus, in this study, a machine vision-based intelligent harvesting device was designed according to its agronomic characteristics and morphological features. This device mainly comprised a frame, camera, truss-type robotic arm, flexible manipulator, and control system. The FES-YOLOv5s deep learning target detection model was used to accurately identify and locate Agaricus bisporus. The harvesting control system, using a Jetson Orin Nano as the main controller, adopted an S-curve acceleration and deceleration motor control algorithm. This algorithm controlled the robotic arm and the flexible manipulator to harvest Agaricus bisporus based on the identification and positioning results. To confirm the impact of vibration on the harvesting process, a stepper motor drive test was conducted using both trapezoidal and S-curve acceleration and deceleration motor control algorithms. The test results showed that the S-curve acceleration and deceleration motor control algorithm exhibited excellent performance in vibration reduction and repeat positioning accuracy. The recognition efficiency and harvesting effectiveness of the intelligent harvesting device were tested using recognition accuracy, harvesting success rate, and damage rate as evaluation metrics. The results showed that the Agaricus bisporus recognition algorithm achieved an average recognition accuracy of 96.72%, with an average missed detection rate of 2.13% and a false detection rate of 1.72%. The harvesting success rate of the intelligent harvesting device was 94.95%, with an average damage rate of 2.67% and an average harvesting yield rate of 87.38%. These results meet the requirements for the intelligent harvesting of Agaricus bisporus and provide insight into the development of intelligent harvesting robots in the industrial production of Agaricus bisporus.
A Comprehensive Survey of Deep Learning Approaches in Image Processing
Authors: Trigka Maria , Dritsas Elias
Published: January 2025

The integration of deep learning (DL) into image processing has driven transformative advancements, enabling capabilities far beyond the reach of traditional methodologies. This survey offers an in-depth exploration of the DL approaches that have redefined image processing, tracing their evolution from early innovations to the latest state-of-the-art developments. It also analyzes the progression of architectural designs and learning paradigms that have significantly enhanced the ability to process and interpret complex visual data. Key advancements, such as techniques improving model efficiency, generalization, and robustness, are examined, showcasing DL’s ability to address increasingly sophisticated image-processing tasks across diverse domains. Metrics used for rigorous model evaluation are also discussed, underscoring the importance of performance assessment in varied application contexts. The impact of DL in image processing is highlighted through its ability to tackle complex challenges and generate actionable insights. Finally, this survey identifies potential future directions, including the integration of emerging technologies like quantum computing and neuromorphic architectures for enhanced efficiency and federated learning for privacy-preserving training. Additionally, it highlights the potential of combining DL with emerging technologies such as edge computing and explainable artificial intelligence (AI) to address scalability and interpretability challenges. These advancements are positioned to further extend the capabilities and applications of DL, driving innovation in image processing.
PC-CS-YOLO: High-Precision Obstacle Detection for Visually Impaired Safety
Authors: Li Jincheng , Zheng Menglin , Dong Danyang , Xie Xing
Published: January 2025

The issue of obstacle avoidance and safety for visually impaired individuals has been a major topic of research. However, complex street environments still pose significant challenges for blind obstacle detection systems. Existing solutions often fail to provide real-time, accurate obstacle avoidance decisions. In this study, we propose a blind obstacle detection system based on the PC-CS-YOLO model. The system improves the backbone network by adopting the partial convolutional feed-forward network (PCFN) to reduce computational redundancy. Additionally, to enhance the network’s robustness in multi-scale feature fusion, we introduce the Cross-Scale Attention Fusion (CSAF) mechanism, which integrates features from different sensory domains to achieve superior performance. Compared to state-of-the-art networks, our system shows improvements of 2.0%, 3.9%, and 1.5% in precision, recall, and mAP50, respectively. When evaluated on a GPU, the inference speed is 20.6 ms, which is 15.3 ms faster than YOLO11, meeting the real-time requirements for blind obstacle avoidance systems.
Health-Promoting Behaviors in Bulgaria: A Cross-Sectional Study on Non-Communicable Diseases and Lifestyle
Authors: Lazarova Sophia , Petrova-Antonova Dessislava
Published: January 2025

(1) Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a global health issue causing millions of deaths annually. Bulgaria has one of the highest rates of premature mortality due to NCDs in the European Union, mostly attributed to poor lifestyle habits. While adopting a healthy lifestyle is beneficial to preventing NCDs and managing existing conditions, research on health-promoting behaviors among individuals with NCDs remains limited. (2) Methods: This study investigates lifestyle disparities between individuals diagnosed with common NCDs and healthy individuals, and the sociodemographic determinants of healthy lifestyles among a nationally representative sample of 2017 adult Bulgarian citizens. We analyzed sociodemographic characteristics, health status (weight, height, existing diagnoses—diabetes, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, hypertension, and depression), and lifestyle data. (3) Results: Only 18.8% of the participants maintained a healthy lifestyle and 65% had a moderately healthy lifestyle. Over one-third of the respondents were pre-obese, and many reported having at least one chronic condition. Multinomial logistic regression revealed individuals with chronic conditions were less likely to have healthy or moderately healthy lifestyles compared to healthy participants, except those diagnosed with cardiovascular disease or depression, who were more likely to maintain healthy habits. (4) Conclusions: Considering the discovered discrepancies in lifestyle quality, more research should be directed toward identifying the barriers to healthy living for individuals diagnosed with NCDs.
The Role of Lithuanian Heritage Language Schools in Cultural Identity and Language Learning: Perceptions of Parents and Teachers
Authors: Jakavonytė-Staškuvienė Daiva , Ardzijauskienė Justina
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine how children growing up in Norway develop Lithuanian heritage language skills and maintain their Lithuanian identity based on the perceptions of parents and teachers. Theoretical Basis: The study is grounded in social identity theory, which helps to understand how personal and social identity is formed and transformed through interactions in various social environments. Methodology: A case study strategy was chosen, allowing the phenomenon to be interpreted in different environments and perspectives. The study describes the environments and contexts of three Lithuanian heritage language schools operating in Norway, as the participating teachers (n = 5) and parents (n = 8) are from these schools. The results showed that in Lithuanian cultural schools, which operate every other Saturday, the spoken Lithuanian language is developed, children are introduced to Lithuanian history, traditions, and culture, and Lithuanian holidays are celebrated. However, parents have different expectations when sending their children to these Lithuanian heritage language schools; some are satisfied with the spoken Lithuanian language, while others want deeper learning of Lithuanian writing so their children can take the Lithuanian language exam.
Surfactant-Enhanced Guava Seed Biosorbent for Lead and Cadmium Removal: Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Reusability Insights
Authors: Tapia-Quiroz Gabriela Elizabeth , Valencia-Leal Selene Anaid , Vázquez-Guerrero Adriana , Alfaro-Cuevas-Villanueva Ruth , Escudero-García Ramiro , Cortés-Martínez Raúl
Published: January 2025

Heavy metal pollution in water resources, particularly cadmium and lead, poses a significant environmental and public health challenge, requiring the development of sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective water treatment methods. Therefore, this study investigates the biosorption capabilities of natural (SN) and surfactant-modified (SM) guava seed biosorbents to remove Cd and Pb from aqueous solutions. Guava seeds, an agricultural waste material, were treated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) to enhance their adsorption efficiency. The biosorbents were characterized by FTIR, SEM-EDS, and zeta potential analysis to explain the surface modifications and their influence on the adsorption mechanisms. Batch experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of pH, contact time, temperature, biosorbent dosage, and concentration on Cd and Pb removal efficiencies. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic data were analyzed using mathematical models to obtain the basic parameters of the systems under study. The results showed that SM exhibited superior adsorption capacities of 328 mg/g for Cd and 594 mg/g for Pb at 25 °C, significantly outperforming SN. The study analyzed the thermodynamic parameters of adsorption systems, revealing endothermic and exothermic properties for SN and SM. Functional groups like hydroxyl and carbonyl were crucial for metal ion binding. HDTMA-Br introduced active sites and enhanced surface charge interactions. Regeneration tests showed reusability, maintaining over 85% efficiency after four cycles. Guava seeds could be cost-effective and sustainable biosorbents for heavy metal removal.
The Contribution of the Hotel Industry to the Greek Economy
Authors: Soklis George , Petrakos George , Panousi Sophia
Published: January 2025

This paper estimates the contribution of the hotel sector to the main macroeconomic figures of the Greek economy. For this purpose, we use a combination of input-output models as well as survey-based data. The analysis of the intersectoral relationships in the Greek economy indicates that the hotel sector constitutes a key sector of the economy. The total (direct and indirect) contribution of the hotel sector to the gross domestic product of the economy is estimated at 4.8% for the year 2023, whilst its total contribution to employment is estimated at 6.6%. Moreover, from the sectoral decomposition of the cost of the hotel product, it is found that almost 20% of the price of the final hotel product is composed of taxes, a percentage that is almost twice that of the other sectors of the economy. Finally, the evaluation of the results of the current study offers useful insights for policymakers.
The Effects of Disinfection Byproduct 2,6-Dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone on the Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa: From the Perspectives of Biochemistry and Non-Targeted Metabolomics
Authors: Zhang Tianqi , Wang Zhaoyang , Wu Liang , Liu Chaonan , Meng Liang , Tian Fuxiang , Hou Meifang , Lin Haizhuan , Ye Jing
Published: January 2025

2,6-Dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ) is an emerging chlorinated disinfection byproduct (DBP) in bodies of water. However, this compound poses an unknown toxic effect on cyanobacteria. In this study, the toxicological mechanisms of 2,6-DCBQ in Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) were investigated through physiological and nontargeted metabolomic assessments. The results show that 2,6-DCBQ inhibited the growth of M. aeruginosa, reduced its photosynthetic pigment and protein contents, increased the levels of reactive oxygen species, damaged the antioxidant defense system, and aggravated the cytomembrane. Meanwhile, 2,6-DCBQ stimulated the production and release of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and altered the transcripts of genes associated with its synthesis (mcyA, mcyD) and transport (mcyH). In addition, nontargeted metabolomics of M. aeruginosa cells exposed to 0.1 mg/L 2,6-DCBQ identified 208 differential metabolites belonging to 10 metabolic pathways and revealed the considerable interference caused by 2,6-DCBQ among ABC transporters, the two-component system, and folate biosynthesis. This study deepens the understanding of the physiological and nontargeted metabolomic responses of M. aeruginosa exposed to 2,6-DCBQ, offers insights into the toxic effect of 2,6-DCBQ on M. aeruginosa, and provides a theoretical basis for the ecological risk assessment of emerging DBPs in accordance with water quality criteria.
A Sighting of the Indian Ocean Surgeon Fish Paracanthurus hepatus in Eastern Provence (North-Western Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Boudouresque Charles-François , Dudognon Olivier , Monneray Viviane , Roger Claire , Verrier Muriel
Published: January 2025

Two Indian Ocean surgeon fish Paracanthurus hepatus individuals were observed near Saint-Raphaël (Provence, France, north-western Mediterranean Sea) in the late summer of 2024 in Posidonia oceanica seagrass and reef habitats. This species is very popular among aquarium hobbyists in Europe, and a growing number of mega-yachts, such as those which moor in the Saint-Raphaël marina, have seawater aquariums on board. Accidental or deliberate release from one such aquarium is the most probable origin of these individuals. The first individual was speared and the second one was no longer sighted after a September storm. Their establishment is unlikely; however, in the future, with the warming of Mediterranean waters and the rapid increase in the number of mega-yachts, this could change. Yacht owners and their staff should be informed of the risk posed by aquarium discharges.
Energy Dissipation on Inclined Stepped Spillways
Authors: Mei Jiakai , Zhou Yu , Xu Ke , Xu Gang , Shu Zhan , Gan Qingqing , Yu Qiaoni , Qian Jinglin
Published: January 2025

Stepped spillways, as highly effective energy dissipation facilities, have been widely applied in hydraulic engineering. By introducing an inclination angle to the horizontal step surface, either energy dissipation efficiency or sediment transport capacity can be enhanced. The manner and size of vortices within the steps vary with changes in the inclination angle and spillway slope, enhancing energy dissipation through momentum exchange between the main flow and these vortices. This study, drawing upon data in the literature and numerical simulations, investigates the influence of a spillway slope and step inclination angle on the energy dissipation characteristics of inclined stepped spillways. Results indicate that the energy dissipation rate decreases with an increasing spillway slope while increasing with a greater upward inclination of the step’s horizontal surface. However, changes in both parameters show a limiting effect on vortex development. As the spillway slope decreases and the step inclination angle increases, the rate of vortex size expansion diminishes. Finally, an inclination/slope ratio is proposed to characterize the energy dissipation effect of inclined steps, and an empirical formula relating the energy dissipation rate to the relative critical depth, relative spillway height, and inclination/slope ratio is established, with errors controlled within 10%.
Barriers to and facilitators of women general practitioners’ careers: a systematic review
Authors: Jefferson Laura , Webster Elin , Golder Su , Barnett Katie , Greenwood Nicola , Dale Veronica , Bloor Karen
Published: January 2025

Background

Despite women comprising 52% of full-time equivalent general practitioners (GPs) in England, a significant gender pay gap persists (15% after adjustments). Further understanding of the barriers and facilitators impacting women GPs’ careers is needed.

Aim

To identify and synthesise research evidence exploring barriers to and facilitators of women GPs’ careers.

Design & setting

Systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies. Studies were included of general practitioners conducted in the UK NHS general practice setting.

Method

Review methods followed Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines to systematically search MEDLINE, Embase, HMIC and Google Scholar to identify studies that explored gendered barriers and facilitators to GP careers. An inductive thematic analysis was used to synthesise the evidence.

Results

21 articles were included in this review, with varied study designs. No relevant intervention studies were identified. There was a lack of recent research evidence; over half of the studies were conducted over 20 years ago. Most met quality criteria, though there were some problems with reporting and adjustment for potential confounders. Studies found barriers at personal, socio-cultural and system levels that inhibit women GPs’ careers. While some positive changes have been documented across studies that span some thirty years, many challenges remain.

Conclusion

Despite general practice being a medical specialty where women outnumber men, barriers at personal, socio-cultural and system levels continue to inhibit women GPs’ careers.
Social Media and AI in the Marketing of Books: Does Their Power Equal the Principle of Word of Mouth?
Authors: Kasarda Martin
Published: January 2025

This study explores the role of social networks and influencers in book marketing, highlighting the shift from traditional media to digital platforms. It examines how influencers, particularly bookstagrammers and niche influencers, impact readers’ perceptions and book recommendations. The research also delves into the ethical considerations and authenticity challenges posed by AI-generated content in book promotion. By analyzing the effectiveness of word-of-mouth (WoM) and electronic word-of-mouth (e-WoM) marketing, the study aims to understand the evolving landscape of book marketing and its implications for publishers, authors, and readers. Our study addresses the question of how to view book marketing from the perspectives of the publisher, author, and reader, and how contemporary book production is related to the electronic environment and forms of book promotion and marketing today. The popularity of social networks is now complemented by the possibility of creating easy book ratings with the help of artificial intelligence tools as a generator of evaluation texts, which are not easily distinguishable from the texts of reviews on social networks for the lay reader.
The Use of Artificial Intelligence in International Brand Marketing
Authors: Sojáková Monika
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the use of artificial intelligence in international brand marketing. Within the paper, we explore how AI, rather than posing a threat to marketers, can serve as a valuable tool to enhance their capabilities. In addition to the theoretical insights, the paper also provides a practical example of how AI can help a brand improve its product offering and subsequently a campaign design created by us and AI assistance, for that brand’s existing AI-based product. The main goal of the work is not to emphasize the replaceability of human labor, but to show the possibility of symbiosis between humans and artificial intelligence, where they complement each other and strengthen their strengths. We believe that artificial intelligence has a very high potential in various fields, including marketing. In this work, we want to demonstrate how artificial intelligence can simplify and make the work of marketers more efficient, without jeopardizing their creativity and strategic thinking. For this demonstration of theoretical knowledge, we decided to choose an internationally active cosmetic brand.
Basics for Image Composition in Spherical Projection Creation of a Communication Form for Spherical 360-Degree Projections in the Creation of a Popular-Educational Documentary Film with an Emphasis on Nontraditional Communication Procedures
Authors: Szomolányi Anton
Published: January 2025

The advancement of spherical 360° projections marks a transformative step in the evolution of audiovisual presentation, fostering novel approaches in both content creation and dramaturgy. These projections challenge creators to innovate within new compositional frameworks while engaging diverse audiences. This research investigates the process of producing a popular scientific documentary tailored for spherical projection, emphasizing the development of effective compositional forms suitable for this immersive format. By examining practical aspects of filming for fulldome cinema, the study focuses on pre-camera planning, shooting technology, and techniques for constructing unique visual compositions. Additionally, it addresses the challenges and opportunities of low-budget production in creating educational documentaries for spherical platforms. The findings aim to establish guidelines for filmmakers and other creative professionals exploring this medium, offering insights into the interdisciplinary collaboration required for fulldome projection development. As spherical projection technology continues to evolve, its applications extend beyond traditional planetarium use to encompass a wide array of scientific, educational, and entertainment content, transforming the viewer's sensory experience into a deeply immersive and participatory encounter.
DETERMINANTS OF SHAPING THE STRUCTURE OF A PUBLIC ORGANIZATION ON THE CASE OF THE PODLASKIE VOIVODESHIP OFFICE
Authors: Madras Tomasz
Published: January 2025

The research presented in the article concerns the determinants of organizational structures in public organisation, particularly the influence of managerial attachment to existing, stable structures, using the example of the Podlaskie Voivodeship Office. For this purpose, an analysis of legal and organizational determinants was carried out, along with empiricalresearch in the form of a survey conducted among a selected group of middle-level managers (head of departments) of the office. The conducted research illustrates the strength and specificity of the office staff's attachment to stable, and often simply inherited, organizational structures. A two-dimensional character of the determinants shaping the organizational structure can also be observed, consisting of the interplay between external influences (specific legislation) and internal factors, with particular emphasis on organizational culture. The described structure proves to be very stable and therefore inflexible, with a deeply rooted sense of its own organic nature, where the effectiveness of a manager depends on an excellent understanding of the organization (internal recruitment) and where high levels of conformity and adaptation to the team of peoplethey work with are expected from employees.
THE IMPACT OF CAREER PLATEAUS ON EMPLOYEE JOB SATISFACTION. THE MODERATING ROLE OF REMOTE WORK
Authors: Bareja-Wawryszuk Ola , Togonidze Vladimer , Aslantas Mirac
Published: January 2025

This study examines the impact of career plateaus on job satisfaction, highlighting the moderating role ofremote work. Career plateau, characterized by limited career advancement opportunities, has been identified as a significant detractor of employee engagement and satisfaction. Leveraging the flexibility and autonomy of remote work, this research explores its potential to mitigate the adverse effects of career stagnation. A quantitative methodology was applied, analyzing survey data from public and private sector employees in Georgia using linear regression to test the hypotheses. The findings confirm a negative correlation between career plateau and job satisfaction, while greater autonomy in remote work significantly enhances job satisfaction levels. The study underscores the necessity of implementing job-design strategies that incorporate flexible employment forms as a means to counteract the effects of career stagnation and promote employee well-being.
Perspektif Ihsan Atas Pengungkapan Good Corporate Governance Bank Syariah Di Indonesia
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Dewanti Devina Clara , Birton M. Nur A. ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengungkapan Good Corporate Governance di Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia, serta menilai kepatuhan pengungkapan tersebut melalui perspektif konsep ihsan. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan analisis kualitatif deskriptif yang dihitung memakai jumlah rata-rata skor pengungkapan GCG Bank Umum Syariah Indonesia terhadap laporan tahunan dan laporan GCG tahun 2022 – 2023 dari website BUS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun sebagian besar bank telah memenuhi kewajiban pengungkapan mandatory yang diatur oleh regulasi, terdapat variasi dalam pemenuhan pengungkapkan voluntary. Bank Aceh Syariah, Bank BJB Syariah dan Bank BCA Syariah menonjol sebagai bank yang menunjukkan komitmen tinggi terhadap transparansi dan akuntabilitas. Dari perspektif ihsan, pengungkapan yang dilakukan mencerminkan kesadaran spiritual dan etika yang tinggi, di mana bank-bank ini tidak hanya memenuhi regulasi, tetapi juga berupaya untuk mencapai kebaikan dan keindahan dalam tata kelola mereka. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar bank-bank syariah lebih menghargai nilai-nilai etika Islam dalam praktik GCG, guna meningkatkan kepercayaan publik dan keberlanjutan industri perbankan syariah di Indonesia.
An efficient output coupler for a terahertz generation device by stacking parallel plates with different refractive indices
Authors: Maruyama Momoko , Tsubouchi Masaaki , Ishii Nobuhisa , Nagashima Keisuke , Itakura Ryuji
Published: January 2025

In terahertz (THz) wave generation by MgO:LiNbO3 (LN) crystals, low extraction efficiency due to high refractive index (n = 4.93) in the THz region is problematic. We propose and demonstrate an output coupler that consists of parallel plates with different refractive indices to couple out a THz wave to the air (n ∼ 1) more efficiently than without plates. Without any complicated processing on the surface of LN crystals, a 1.8 times increase in the transmitted THz power was obtained.
SOCIALINĖS MEDIJOS FORMUOJAMA NUOMONĖ APIE SLAUGYTOJUS
Authors: Urbanavičė Rita , Pūslytė Dovainė
Published: January 2025

Socialinės medijos yra plačiai visuomenės naudojama bei apie įvairias sritis nuomones formuojanti platforma. Socialinėse medijose vyrauja ir įrašai apie slaugytojus bei slaugos profesiją. Šie įrašai gali paveikti slaugytojus, slaugos profesijos įvaizdį bei studentų pritraukimą slau­gos studijoms, todėl svarbu suprasti, kokie įrašai vyrauja socialinėse medijose. Tyrimo tikslas – identifikuoti apie slaugytojus formuojamą nuomonę socialinėse medijose.

Metodai. Atlikta indukcinė kokybinė turinio analizė. Su­rinkti socialinės medijos platformos „Facebook“ įrašai, sukurti tarp 2017 m. sausio 1 d. ir 2022 m. gruodžio 31 d. Tyrimo imtis – pagal paskyros stebėtojų skaičių pen­kios populiariausios lietuviškos naujienų ir žiniasklaidos svetainės „Facebook“ platformoje – delfi.lt, lrt.lt, tv3.lt, 15min.lt, lrytas.lt. Įrašai rinkti naudojant „Facebook“ platformos paieškos mechanizmą, pasiekiami per tyrimui sukurtą „Facebook“ profilį. Įtraukiami įrašai pagal rakti­nius žodžius „Slaugytojas“, „Slaugytoja“, kurie susiję su slaugytojo darbu bei slaugos profesija, slaugytojo kaip darbuotojo kompetencijomis ar savybėmis. Išrinkti 62 įrašai, atitinkantys įtraukimo kriterijus. Platformos „delfi. lt“ paskyroje rasta 20 įrašų, „lrt.lt“ – 18 įrašų, „tv3.lt“ – 14 įrašų, „15min.lt“ – 10 įrašų, o „lrytas.lt“ platformos paskyroje tinkamų įrašų nerasta. Duomenų apdorojimo ir analizės procese remiamasi atviru kodavimu, duomenų grupavimu, kategorijų išskyrimu ir abstrahavimu. Prieš atliekant tyrimą gautas Vilniaus universiteto Medicinos fakulteto Sveikatos mokslų instituto Slaugos katedros Etikos komisijos leidimas atlikti tyrimą.

Rezultatai. Socialinių medijų įrašuose teigiamai apibū­dinamos slaugytojų asmeninės savybės: rūpestingumas, empatija, bendravimo įgūdžiai, aprašoma pašaukimo svarba. Slaugos profesija apibūdinama kaip kilni ir reikš­minga. Iš neigiamos perspeityvos pabrėžtinas abejojimas slaugytojų kompetencijomis, minimos slaugytojų klaidos darbe bei nemalonus slaugytojo bendravimas su pacientais. Neigiamai apibūdinami dideli slaugytojų darbo krūviai, slaugytojų trūkumas, maži atlyginimai; šie aspektai dažnai siejami tarpusavyje. Aprašomas smurtas prieš slaugytojus. Pasaulio įvykių kontekste išryškėjo didesnis slaugytojų teigiamas įvertinimas, taip pat slau­gytojo herojaus motyvas. Darbo sąlygos vertinamos kaip pasunkėjusios. Slaugytojų emociniai išgyvenimai buvo neigiami, slaugytojai patyrė įtampą bei buvo linkę nei­giamas emocijas užgniaužti savyje.

Išvados. Socialinėse medijose teigiamai aprašomas slaugytojų rūpestingumas, empatija, slaugos profesijos reikšmė, tačiau slaugytojo kompetencijomis yra abejo­jama. Slaugytojams išreiškiamas dėkingumas už atliktą darbą, tačiau taip pat įrašuose vyrauja slaugytojų klaidų bei nemalonaus bendravimo pavyzdžiai. Pasaulio įvykių kontekste padidėjo teigiamas slaugytojų vertinimas, iš­ryškėjo naujas herojaus motyvas, tačiau apibūdinamos ir sunkios darbo sąlygos bei bloga emocinė būklė.
REANIMACIJOS IR INTENSYVIOSIOS TERAPIJOS SKYRIAUS PACIENTŲ SAUGOS KULTŪRA: SPECIALISTŲ POŽIŪRIS
Authors: Sabaliauskas Stanislav , Kovalevska Beata
Published: January 2025

Saugos kultūra laikoma vienu iš pagrindinių kokybiškos pacientų priežiūros elementų ir organizacijos kultūros dalimi, kuri daro įtaką specialistų požiūriui ir elgesiui, susijusiam su pacientų sauga. Saugos kultūros gerini­mas yra svarbus kiekvienos sveikatos sistemos uždavi­nys. Šio tyrimo tikslas yra įvertinti, kaip saugos kultūrą suvokia reanimacijos ir intensyviosios terapijos skyrių specialistai (n=221), iš kurių 60,2 % sudarė slaugytojai, o kiti buvo gydytojai, rezidentai, slaugytojų padėjėjai ir administracijos darbuotojai. Duomenų rinkimui taikytas Pacientų saugos kultūros tyrimo klausimynas.

Pacientų saugos kultūros tyrimas parodė, kad reanimaci­jos ir intensyviosios terapijos skyriaus specialistai aukš­tesniais balais įvertino komandinio darbo ir pasitenki­nimo darbu kategorijas; žemiausiais balais buvo įvertintas streso atpažinimas. Dalis saugos kultūrą apibūdinančių dimensijų – saugos klimatas, vadovybės požiūris į saugą, streso atpažinimas darbe ir darbo sąlygos buvo išreikštos žemesniais nei 60 balų, kas laikytina įspėjamuoju žen­klu įstaigoms, kad reikia imtis veiksmų saugos kultūrai įgyvendinti.
KINEZITERAPIJOS IR SKAUSMO NEUROMOKSLO EDUKACIJOS POVEIKIS LĖTINIO SKAUSMO VALDYMUI
Authors: Šidlauskienė Aurelija , Daubaris Karolis , Indriūnienė Jurga , Aukštikalnis Tomas , Bilotienė-Motiejūnienė Aušra , Raistenskis Juozas
Published: January 2025

Lėtinis raumenų ir kaulų sistemos skausmas yra didelė našta sveikatos priežiūros sistemoms. Tyrimai rodo, kad fiziniai pratimai efektyviai mažina pacientų lėtinį skausmą, negalią ir gerina gyvenimo kokybę, tačiau pa­grindinė šių pacientų mankštos kliūtis yra judesio baimė. Švietimu pagrįstos intervencinės priemonės, nukreiptos į pacientų suvokimą apie skausmą, gali padėti sumažinti judesio baimės-vengimo elgesį. Viena iš tokių interven­cijų yra skausmo neuromokslo edukacija (PNE), kuri mažina judesio baimės-vengimo elgesio rodiklius, todėl manoma, kad ši intervencija gali būti naudinga derinant ją kartu su kineziterapija.

Sisteminės apžvalgos tikslas – išanalizuoti kineziterapi­jos, taikomos kartu su neuromokslo edukacija, efekty­vumą lėtinio skausmo valdymui. Mokslinių straipsnių paieška atlikta PubMed ir Web of Science duomenų ba­zėse, 2023 m. lapkričio – 2024 m. kovo mėn. Straipsnių atranka atlikta remiantis PRISMA metodologija. Pagal sisteminės apžvalgos įtraukimo ir atmetimo kriterijus bei vertinamąsias baigtis į sisteminę apžvalgą įtrauktos 6 publikacijos.

Išanalizavus tyrimus ir įvertinus efekto dydžius nusta­tyta, kad kineziterapija, taikoma kartu su skausmo neu­romokslo edukacija, yra efektyvus būdas skausmo in­tensyvumo, funkcinės negalios, kinezifobijos, skausmo katastrofiškumo mažinimui, funkcinės būklės ir gyve­nimo kokybės gerinimui esant lėtiniams skausmams. Fiziniai pratimai su žaismingumą ir dvigubą užduočių atlikimą bei socializaciją skatinančiais komponentais, taikomi kartu su neuromokslo edukacija, turi didžiausią efektą lėtinio skausmo valdymui.
Effectiveness and Safety of Hydromorphone Compared to Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zou Wangyuan
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Because of its side effects, a morphine replacement has been searched for in the field of postoperative analgesia. Hydromorphone is a derivative of morphine with no active metabolites.

OBJECTIVES: We conducted a meta-analysis of hydromorphone and morphine to compare their clinical effects in postoperative analgesia.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS: The methodological quality of the studies included in this meta-analysis was assessed according to the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria were used to evaluate the quality of evidence and recommendation grade for inclusion of randomized controlled trials. The primary outcome was postoperative pain score. Secondary outcomes were severe sedation, nausea, vomiting, and pruritus. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 (The Nordic Cochrane Centre for The Cochrane Collaboration).

RESULTS: Eight randomized controlled trials comprising 833 patients were found. There was no significant difference in pain scores between the hydromorphone and morphine groups at any measured postoperative time point: 8 hours (mean difference [MD] = -0.42; 95%CI, -2.08 to 1.24; P = 0.62); 12 hours (MD = -0.19; 95%CI, -0.62 to 0.24; P = 0.39); 24 hours (MD = -0.22; 95%CI, -0.54 to 0.09; P = 0.17); 36 hours (MD = 0.01; 95%CI, -0.67 to 0.69; P = 0.98) and 48 hours (MD = -0.14; 95%CI, -1.25 to 0.96; P = 0.80). There was no significant difference in the incidence of nausea and vomiting at 24 hours postoperative. The incidence of pruritus at 24 hours postoperative was lower in the hydromorphone group (relative risk = 0.24; 95%CI, 0.09 to 0.66; P = 0.005).

LIMITATIONS: The perioperative multimodal analgesia measures were varying in the included studies, such as different medication doses. The sample size was small for some outcomes and high heterogeneity was observed.

CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant statistical difference in postoperative analgesic effect between hydromorphone and morphine, as well as side effects, including severe sedation, nausea, and vomiting at 24 hours postoperative. However, the incidence of pruritus was lower in the hydromorphone group at 24 hours postoperative.

KEY WORDS: Hydromorphone, morphine, analgesia, intravenous, epidural, systematic review, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trial
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome Type II Following Spinal Surgery: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Song In-Ae
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome Type II (PSPS II) is a major health concern in patients undergoing spinal surgery. However, there are little data on the prevalence and risk factors of PSPS II post spinal surgery.

OBJECTIVES: We examined the prevalence and factors associated with diagnosing PSPS II post spinal surgery using a nationwide database in the Republic of Korea.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective, population-based cohort study.

SETTING: Nationwide cohort study in the Republic of Korea.

METHODS: Adult patients who underwent spinal surgery under general anesthesia from January 1, 2016 through December 31, 2020 were included. Patients previously diagnosed with PSPS II were excluded from the study in order to focus only on patients who were newly diagnosed post spinal surgery. We determined that a PSPS II diagnosis must be made within one year of the date of spinal surgery, with an additional evaluation for diagnoses occurring within 2 years to capture longer-term cases. A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to identify the factors associated with diagnosing PSPS II post spinal surgery.

RESULTS: In total, 530,644 patients who underwent spinal surgery were included. Of these, 25.6% and 31.5% were diagnosed with PSPS II within one and 2 years post spinal surgery, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression model indicated that being a woman, old age, being a member of a medical aid program group, an increased Charlson Comorbidity Index score, discectomy, laminectomy, and lumbar level surgery were associated with an increased prevalence of PSPS II within one year post spinal surgery. Similar results were observed in the multivariate logistic regression model for PSPS II within 2 years post spinal surgery.

LIMITATION: Our study’s retrospective cohort design is a limitation.

CONCLUSIONS: This population-based cohort analysis found a 25.6% prevalence of PSPS II within one year post spinal surgery and 31.5% within two years post spinal surgery. Identified risk factors include old age, being a woman, economic poverty, comorbid status, underlying disability, type of surgery, and lumbar-level surgery. A large dataset was used to document the prevalence and risk factors for PSPS II post spinal surgery.

KEY WORDS: Pain, spine, surgery, prevalence, cohort study
A Randomized Double-blind Trial of 5% Dextrose Versus Corticosteroid Hydrodissection for Meralgia Paresthetica
Authors: Hailin Hailin
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound-guided 5% dextrose (D5W) hydrodissection provides favorable outcomes for treating peripheral entrapment neuropathies; its safety is well recognized. However, clinical evidence regarding the use of D5W hydrodissection for meralgia paresthetica (MP) is limited. Although corticosteroids are the most common injectates, the possible adverse effects are a big concern.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided D5W hydrodissection compared to corticosteroid hydrodissection in patients with MP during a 6-month follow-up period.

STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized double-blind, controlled trial.

SETTING: Outpatient clinic at a university hospital.

METHODS: A total of 56 patients with MP were randomly allocated to either a D5W or steroid group in a 1:1 ratio. The patients received one session of ultrasound-guided perineural injection therapy of 10 mL D5W or a corticosteroid solution (1 mL compound betamethasone [1 mL: betamethasone sodium phosphate 5 mg and betamethasone dipropionate 2 mg] mixed with 5 mL 2% lidocaine and 4 mL 0.9% saline).

The primary outcomes were Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores for MP (pain and paresthesia) and global quality of life. The secondary outcomes included self-reported successful clinical response and injection adverse effects. Evaluations were conducted at pretreatment and at one, 3, 4 and 6 months posttreatment.

RESULTS: All patients completed the study. Compared with baseline, both groups exhibited reductions in VAS scores for MP and global quality of life at all follow-up time points, with statistical differences at 3, 4, and 6 months in the D5W group (P < 0.05), as well as those at one, 3, and 4 months in the steroid group (P < 0.05). The D5W group exhibited greater improvement than the steroid group in VAS scores for MP and global quality of life at 4 and 6 months (P < 0.05), and demostrated a more successful clinical response at 6 months (P < 0.05). No adverse effects were reported in the D5W group during the study period, while 6 patients in the steroid group reported an adverse effect.

LIMITATIONS: A longer follow-up period is necessary; the exact mechanism of D5W is not clear.

CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound-guided perineural injection therapy of D5W is more beneficial than corticosteroid injection for MP at 4 to 6 months posttreatment. Additionally, D5W displays a better safety profile than corticosteroid. Thus, we suggest D5W as a more suitable injectate for patients with MP.

KEY WORDS: Meralgia paresthetica, 5% dextrose, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, hydrodissection, corticosteroid, ultrasound, efficacy, adverse effects
Nucleus Pulposus Allograft Supplementation in Patients with Lumbar Discogenic Pain: Initial 6-month Outcomes from a Prospective Clinical Pilot Study
Authors: Block Jon E.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND: Preventing disc degeneration remains a clinical challenge; patients experiencing chronic lumbar discogenic pain have limited treatment options. Minimally invasive intradiscal procedures such as allogeneic nucleus pulposus (NP) injection have the potential to fill the treatment gap between failed conservative care and spine surgery.

OBJECTIVES: Our study sought to evaluate the magnitude and durability of improvement in back function in patients with chronic lumbar discogenic pain followed for 6 months after a single intradiscal injection of minimally manipulated, off-the-shelf processed NP allograft (VIA Disc NP®, VIVEX Biologics, Inc.) at up to 2 vertebral levels.

STUDY DESIGN: Single-arm, prospective, multicenter, pilot study.

SETTING: Academic and private practice outpatient clinics.

METHODS: A total of 29 patients with symptomatic lumbar discogenic pain refractory to conservative care who had a back function score of 40-80 points on the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), >= 6 on an 11-point back pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS-11) and corresponding imaging evidence of disc degeneration were enrolled. A single dose, intradiscal injection of approximately 100 mg of NP allograft mixed with sterile saline was administered to the affected level or levels.

RESULTS: The average ODI and NRS-11 improvements between baseline and 6-months postprocedure were 54.8% (95% CI, 41.3-68.3) and 52.9% (95% CI, 34.7-71.1) respectively (P < 0.001). A minimal clinically important difference of >= 30% improvement over baseline was achieved in 79% (22 of 28) and 68% (19 of 28) of patients for ODI and NRS-11, respectively. At 6-months postprocedure, 64% (18 of 28) of patients had an NRS-11 score >= 3.

LIMITATIONS: This pilot study did not employ a concurrent control group and the clinical follow-up was limited to 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS: These pilot findings demonstrate the feasibility of treating patients with symptomatic lumbar disc degeneration with a single intradiscal injection of allogeneic NP to provide significant and durable improvements in back function and pain.

KEY WORDS: Disc degeneration, nucleus pulposus allograft, low back pain, tissue supplementation, Oswestry Disability Index, discogenic