bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Replica-based inspection of enamel wear microfeatures
Authors: Ijbara Manhal , Wada Kanae , Wada Junichiro , Jayawardena Jayanetti Asiri , Miyashin Michiyo
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Surface replication is a nondestructive evaluation technique applied in examining surface wear by recording surface irregularities, especially in conditions when surfaces of interest cannot be further manipulated to fit directly under a microscope to be examined. Enamel is the outermost protective layer of the human teeth and is constantly stressed by mastication forces which results in enamel wear. OBJECTIVE: To date, a procedure combining the clinical and microscopic examination of enamel surfaces is absent, which hinders the early diagnosis and comprehension of the wear process. METHODS: This study investigated the role of replication sheets in registering microscopic wear on human enamel surfaces by both negative and positive replication techniques. RESULTS: The sheets replicated wear features successfully. Sheets were compatible to use with multiple microscopes, with proper preparation, including high resolution microscopes such as the scanning electron microscope and transmitting electron microscope.
SICA Needs a Single-Use Plastics Regional Strategy in Central America
Authors: Cocker Jonathan , Roca Gabriela , Guevara Raul
Published: September 2020

The authors summarise the issue of regulation of single-use plastics (SUPs) and consider how it will affect Central America. They also discuss the importance of a regionally integrated approach, suggesting how the Central American Integration System (Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana or SICA) could and should develop such an approach, noting additional advantages, if it is done sooner rather than later.
Legal Aspects of the Opening of Ukraine’s Land Markets
Authors: Kuznietsova Nataliia S. , Onishchenko Natalia M. , Kot Oleksii O.
Published: September 2020

Creating a land market is one of the most debated and politicised issues of Ukraine’s environmental and agricultural policy. There is an urgent need to examine the following issues (among others): a) identifying priority measures for establishing the land market; b) studying the experience of public land management so as to further adapt the land legislation of Ukraine to the requirements of the European Union; and c) maintaining the domestic agrarian sector in the context of effective conservation of the State’s land resources. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the preconditions and realities of opening up the agricultural land market in Ukraine, including to formulate sound conclusions on the practical consequences of such reforms for domestic landowners. It was researched applying two basic approaches to scientific cognition – general scientific methods and special legal methods. It elaborates the conditions for the introduction of a land market in Ukraine; analyses the historical prerequisites for the implementation of land reform; identifies the main risks for landowners that come into play with the opening of the land market; and formulates further directions of improvement of relevant legal regulations and mechanisms. Noting that currently Ukrainians have the least amount of investment capital and extremely limited access to loans, it concludes that, under current legislation, without a clear definition of the right to purchase their own land, the holders of private farms and other small farmers will struggle to gain access to the Ukrainian land market.
Reopening the Trade after SARS: China’s Wildlife Industry and the Fateful Policy Reversal
Authors: Li Peter
Published: September 2020

China’s policy-making remains a top-down process. Yet, non-State actors, particularly businesses that have aligned their commercial interest with the national interest and political objectives of the Party-State, are uniquely positioned to impact policy-making. This article uses China’s reopening of the wildlife trade following the end of SARS in 2003 to shed light on the interplay of the Party’s policy guidelines, the policy-making authority of the administrative agencies, and the influence of the country’s wildlife business interest. This article argues that the reversal of the wildlife trade ban was predestined since expanding wildlife business also contributed to the government’s development objectives and served the bureaucratic interest of the administrative authorities. In 2003, the wildlife businesses had unique lobbying power. It was a production of scale that purportedly served the country’s conservation, public health and poverty-reduction purposes. The failure of the Chinese scientists to reach a consensus on the risk of pandemic outbreaks from wildlife operations helped the Chinese authorities to end the wildlife trade, a fateful decision. The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an enhanced understanding of the connections between wildlife exploitation and pandemic outbreaks. China has come to a crossroads to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of its wildlife industry.
Quantitative Study of the Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow and Iron Deposition During Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Li Dongxue , Liu Yuancheng , Zeng Xianchun , Xiong Zhenliang , Yao Yuanrong , Liang Daiyi , Qu Hao , Xiang Hui , Yang Zhenggui , Nie Lisha , Wu Pu-Yeh , Wang Rongpin
Published: September 2020

Background: Advanced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has no effective treatment, and identifying early diagnosis markers can provide a time window for treatment. Objective: To quantify the changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and iron deposition during progression of AD. Methods: 94 subjects underwent brain imaging on a 3.0-T MRI scanner with techniques of three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). The subjects included 22 patients with probable AD, 22 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 25 patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and 25 normal controls (NC). The CBF and QSM values were obtained using a standardized brain region method based on the Brainnetome Atlas. The differences in CBF and QSM values were analyzed between and within groups using variance analysis and correlation analysis. Results: CBF and QSM identified several abnormal brain regions of interest (ROIs) at different stages of AD (p < 0.05). Regionally, the CBF values in several ROIs of the AD and MCI subjects were lower than for NC subjects (p < 0.001). Higher QSM values were observed in the globus pallidus. The CBF and QSM values in multiple ROI were negatively correlated, while the putamen was the common ROI of the three study groups (p < 0.05). The CBF and QSM values in hippocampus were cross-correlated with scale scores during the progression of AD (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Iron deposition in the basal ganglia and reduction in blood perfusion in multiple regions existed during the progression of AD. The QSM values in putamen can be used as an imaging biomarker for early diagnosis of AD.
Seasonal changes in white strawberry: Effect on aroma, phenolic compounds and its biological activity
Authors: Noriega Felipe , Mardones Claudia , Fischer Susana , García-Viguera Cristina , Moreno Diego A. , López María Dolores
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: The native Chilean white strawberry (Fragaria chiloensis ssp. chiloensis f. chiloensis) is a semi-domesticated crop that has a characteristic aroma and flavor and a low production in southern Chile. However, edaphoclimatic conditions can influence on fruit quality attributes and its health benefits. Establishing a link between seasonal changes and aroma or biological activity require detailed research in exploring bioactive compounds. OBJECTIVE: The present work assessed how seasonal and local changes varied the content of bioactive compounds and therefore change their aromatic quality and the response of biological activity. METHODS: White Strawberry from two seasons and two locations were investigated; FCC1, FCC2 (Fragaria chiloensis from Contulmo, 2017 and 2018 season, respectively), FCP1, FCP2 (F. chiloensis from Purén, 2017 and 2018 season, respectively). Measurement of changes on volatile compounds were studied by SPME/GC-MS. Analyses of variations on phenolic compounds were investigated by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn with total polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity by using DPPH• and ORAC assays by spectrophotometric and fluorimetric methods. The relationship between different concentrations of compounds and in vitro biological activity including inhibitory tests for α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase were analyzed. RESULTS: In the fruit extracts, 38 volatiles and 27 phenolic compounds were identified detecting differences among the samples, being affected by climatic conditions and location. The total content of ellagic acid and its derivatives was 6.54 mg 100 g–1 FW for FCC1, showing statistical differences with respect to the rest strawberries. Nonetheless, the antioxidant capacity tests revealed high antioxidant capacity for all samples, being FCP2 the significantly highest activity (3314μmol Trolox 100 g–1 FW by DPPH• assay) compared to the rest of locations and seasons. Additional inhibitory tests α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase showed statistically differences due to seasonal and location changes where was observed higher ellagic acid derivates content and bioactivity. The Chilean white strawberry extracts were effective inhibitors of α-glucosidase (non-competitive) and acetylcholinesterase (competitive) activities, respectively, presenting FCC1 the most potent inhibitory effects. CONCLUSIONS: A higher ellagic acid content in Chilean white strawberry, affected by seasonal and location changes, influenced on the biological activity potential. Therefore, the relatively high antioxidant capacity, phytochemical composition and biological activity potential, of these aromatic fruits, offer a great opportunity for the rural developments, however it will be necessary to implement good practices that would guarantee batch-to-batch replicability for quality and composition of these foods for the future.
Optimizing extraction of berberine and antioxidant compounds from barberry by maceration and pulsed electric field-assisted methods
Authors: Sarraf Mozhdeh , Beig-babaei Adel , Naji-Tabasi Sara
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Barberry is a valuable plant, which is useful in the treatment of different diseases. There are valuable compounds in different parts of barberry that are pruned per year and discarded as waste. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the amount of berberine, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of barberry fruits, leaves, and stems of different barberry species (B.integerrima and B.thunbergii) were investigated. METHODS: Central composite design of response surface methodology (RSM) were used in this study to investigate the extraction variables (time: 2–24 h, temperature: 24–70°C and ethanol concentration: 50–90%) in the extraction of berberine from the stem of B.integrrima. The responses used as criteria were the amount of berberine, scavenging radical DPPH, and polyphenol. Also, pulsed electric field-assisted (PEF) was applied as a pretreatment (Pulse strengths of 250, 1000 and 1250 Vcm–1; Pulse numbers (n) of 50 and 100; frequency (f) of 1 Hz) and then the extraction was conducted in optimum condition. PEF increased significantly the amount of berberine. RESULTS: The stem of B.integrrima had the most amounts of antioxidant activity and berberine content, and it was selected for more investigation. The optimum condition in the maceration method was: 90% of ethanol, 70°C, and 3.36 h (141.6 min). According to the result of PEF method, the best condition for extraction of berberine from barberry stems was 1000 Vcm–1 and n = 100. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that the extract of B.integrrima stem is a good source of berberine, antioxidant, and has the potential to be applied in various industries.
Geometric picture fuzzy numbers and three-dimensional copulas with the non-linear programming approach
Authors: Phu Nguyen Dinh , Hung Nguyen Nhut , Ahmadian Ali , Salahshour Soheil , Senu Norazak
Published: September 2020

This study presents a possible relationship between two main objects, which are three-dimensional copulas (3D-Cs) and geometric picture fuzzy numbers (GPFNs). This opens up a potential field for future studies for these two objects that three-dimensional copulas can become useful tools for handling uncertainty information in the form of a picture fuzzy set (PFS). Specifically, we define a GPFN as a base element of the PFS and a defined domain of three-dimensional copulas that contains a set of GPFNs, then we show some examples of three-dimensional copulas identified on this domain. In this framework, we present the theorems related to these two objects. At the same time, we provide some examples for three-dimensional semi-copulas, three-dimensional quasi-copulas, and three-dimensional empirical copulas defined on D, which is a defined domain of a three-dimensional copula and contains a set of GPFNs D g * . In addition, we also introduce a new approach to non-linear programming problems.
Adaptive entropy theory polymerization method for path optimization in edge computing educational systems
Authors: Luo Gang , Chen Zhiyuan
Published: September 2020

In this paper, through the edge computing application path, the educational evaluation system was optimized using the adaptive entropy theory polymerization method which based on applying the path. By adding multiple constraints to filter out nodes and educational evaluation edges that do not meet the requirements, the improved algorithm is used to optimize the redundant paths to avoid loops and node detour problem. To improve the accuracy of education evaluation and evaluation, ensure the load balance in the domain, and solve the problems of single evaluation attribute and high overlap of education evaluation paths. This paper proposes a multi-attribute education evaluation model that refines the evaluation attributes of education evaluation and uses analytic hierarchy process perform weight distribution. The algorithm can improve the accuracy of the evaluation of the education evaluation system while ensuring the computational efficiency, and can ensure the load balance within the domain, and improve the network survival time.
A method for detecting image information leakage risk from electromagnetic emission of computer monitors
Authors: Mao Jian , Liu Jinming , Zhang Jiemin , Han Zhenzhong , Shi Sen
Published: September 2020

The unintentional electromagnetic (EM) emission of computer monitors may cause the leakage of image information displayed on the monitor. Detection of EM information leakage risk is significant for the information security of the monitor. The traditional detection method is to verify EM information leakage by reconstructing an image from EM emission. The detection method based on image reconstruction has limitations: adequate signal sampling rate, accurate synchronization signal, and dependence on operational experience. In this paper, we analyze the principle of image information leakage and propose an innovative detection method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). This method can identify the image information in EM emission to verify the EM information leakage risk of the monitor. It overcomes the limitations of the traditional method with machine learning. This is a new attempt in the field of EM information leakage detection. Experimental results show that it is more adaptable and reliable in complex detection environment.
BIM architecture design from the perspective of smart city and its application in traditional residential design
Authors: Lu Yan’an , Shi Lei
Published: September 2020

This research mainly discusses the characteristics of BIM architecture design and its application in traditional residential design from the perspective of smart cities. Given the topics that people are more concerned about, this research mainly uses BIM modeling technology to initially build a virtualized building model. It discusses the convenience of intelligent automation technology in terms of resource consumption and house security. In terms of safety, different levels of wind blowing strength are mainly used to measure the distance moved by the house to evaluate the safety factor. Divide the wind blowing intensity into A, B, C, D, E, F, and 6 levels to test the strength of the house. When the wind intensity level is F, the safety factor is the weakest, which is 20%. When conducting a house consumption test, directly measure the house’s electricity consumption within a specified time to conduct a resource rate consumption test. Divide the time period into 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 6 different time periods to measure power consumption. The resource consumption rate reaches a maximum value of 96% when the length of time is 6 h. The experimental results show that the safety characteristics of BIM technology are the weakest when the wind strength level is F, and the safety performance is different when the wind strength level is different. In terms of resource consumption, the resource consumption rate reaches the maximum value when the time is 6 h, and the length of time directly determines the housing resource consumption rate. From the perspective of a smart city, BIM building design has the advantages of low resource consumption and high safety factor.
Complex regional pain syndrome: An updated comprehensive review
Authors: Kessler Allison , Yoo Min , Calisoff Randy
Published: September 2020

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a complex disorder that can have a significant impact on the quality of life of a person with this syndrome. The diagnosis and treatment of CRPS are often difficult as there is no one confirmatory test and no one definitive treatment. Currently, the most widely accepted clinical diagnostic criteria are the Budapest criteria, which were developed by expert consensus. Though no one single treatment has been found to be universally effective, early detection and an interdisciplinary approach to treatment appear to be key in treating CRPS. This review aims to present up-to-date clinical information regarding the diagnosis and management of CRPS and highlight the potential issues with diagnosis in the neurological population. Ultimately, more research is needed to identify the exact etiology of CRPS in order to help target appropriate therapies. In addition, more randomized controlled trials need to be performed in order to test new therapies or combinations of therapies, including pharmacological, interventional, and behavioral therapies, to determine the best treatment options for this potentially debilitating disorder.
Craniofacial neuralgias
Authors: Katta-Charles Sheryl D.
Published: September 2020

While non-headache, non-oral craniofacial neuralgia is relatively rare in incidence and prevalence, it can result in debilitating pain. Understanding the relevant anatomy of peripheral branches of nerves, natural history, clinical presentation, and management strategies will help the clinician better diagnose and treat craniofacial neuralgias. This article will review the nerves responsible for neuropathic pain in periorbital, periauricular, and occipital regions, distinct from idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia. The infratrochlear, supratrochlear, supraorbital, lacrimal, and infraorbital nerves mediate periorbital neuralgia. Periauricular neuralgia may involve the auriculotemporal nerve, the great auricular nerve, and the nervus intermedius. The greater occipital nerve, lesser occipital nerve, and third occipital nerve transmit occipital neuralgias. A wide range of treatment options exist, from modalities to surgery, and the evidence behind each is reviewed.
Residual limb pain: An evidence-based review
Authors: Stover Gary , Prahlow Nathan
Published: September 2020

Acquired limb loss, whether from accident or amputation, occurs with an incidence of greater than 175,000 per year in the United States. Current prevalence is estimated at greater than 1.5 million and is expected to double within 30 years. While many patients with amputations may have no significant pain or sensory issues after healing from the initial loss, one-quarter to one-half of patients may have ongoing difficulties with residual limb pain, phantom limb pain, or phantom limb sensation. This review explores the potential etiologies of those symptoms, as well as a variety of treatment options that a practitioner may consider when approaching this condition.
Video representation and suspicious event detection using semantic technologies
Authors: Patel Ashish Singh , Merlino Giovanni , Bruneo Dario , Puliafito Antonio , Vyas O.P. , Ojha Muneendra
Published: September 2020

Storage and analysis of video surveillance data is a significant challenge, requiring video interpretation and event detection in the relevant context. To perform this task, the low-level features including shape, texture, and color information are extracted and represented in symbolic forms. In this work, a methodology is proposed, which extracts the salient features and properties using machine learning techniques and represent this information as Linked Data using a domain ontology that is explicitly tailored for detection of certain activities. An ontology is also developed to include concepts and properties which may be applicable in the domain of surveillance and its applications. The proposed approach is validated with actual implementation and is thus evaluated by recognizing suspicious activity in an open parking space. The suspicious activity detection is formalized through inference rules and SPARQL queries. Eventually, Semantic Web Technology has proven to be a remarkable toolchain to interpret videos, thus opening novel possibilities for video scene representation, and detection of complex events, without any human involvement. The proposed novel approach can thus have representation of frame-level information of a video in structured representation and perform event detection while reducing storage and enhancing semantically-aided retrieval of video data.
ITIL process management to mitigate operations risk in cloud architecture infrastructure for banking and financial services industry
Authors: Mahalle Abhishek , Yong Jianming , Tao Xiaohui
Published: September 2020

Banking and Financial Services Corporations need to update information systems with logic and data of various applications on everyday basis to remain consistent with change in economy and business activity. This helps to work with latest information included in information system available in current economic and business scenario. This enables information systems and empowers work force to complete tasks in rapidly changing flow of monetary resources. With several employees in Banking and Financial Services Corporations using cloud infrastructure and reporting incidents arising in using cloud infrastructure, it is of prime importance to fix incidents reported within specific timelines. IT change management process is followed in order to adhere to IT governance & compliance framework and reduce risk of failure while performing changes in cloud infrastructure. With incident management and change management processes are aligned to keep cloud infrastructure available and secure, they become integral part of IT operations everyday activity. To make ITIL processes efficient, further organization specific policies are developed. With global standards and organization level controls in place, there are failures in IT incident and change management processes and implementation. In this paper, we have identified the risk arising due to incident management and change management processes that lead to emergency changes being implemented on cloud infrastructure architecture and discussed the steps to mitigate risks to bring greater responsibility and accountability for cloud services providers.
Analysis of immunoglobulin heavy variable chain rearrangement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients among Chornobyl clean-up workers
Authors: Abramenko I.V. , Bilous N.I. , Chumak A.A. , Dyagil I.S. , Martina Z.V.
Published: September 2020

Summary. Background: A number of epidemiological studies have shown an elevated radiation-associated risk for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of the paper was to analyze immunoglobulin heavy variable chain (IGHV) rearrangement and IGHV usage in CLL cases associated with ionizing radiation (IR) exposure. Materials and Methods: Samples of 76 clean-up workers of Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident of 1986 (the main group) and 194 non-exposed patients (the control group) were analyzed. Two groups of CLL patients were comparable by gender (all patients were male), age, and place of residence (rural or urban). Results: Some features of IR-associated CLL cases as compared to CLL cases in patients without history of IR exposure were revealed. Among unmutated IGHV sequences, IGHV1 genes were less commonly used (29.4% vs 48.6%; p = 0.018), while the frequency of IGHD6 genes was higher (23.5% vs 10%; p = 0.029). The unmutated IGHV sequences did not use IGHD3-16 gene (0% vs 7.9%, p = 0.038). Mutated IGHV sequences were less frequently expressed IGHV3 genes (44% vs 68.5%; p = 0.037) due low representation of IGHV3-21 (4% vs 11.1%) and IGHV3-23 (0% vs 11.1%) genes; did not use IGHD3-22 gene (0% vs 18.5%, p = 0.025); and have signs of positive selection in the HCDR regions (Σ = 0.5029 ± 0.155 vs –0.0539 ± 0.14; p = 0.013). Conclusions: The revealed differences in IGHV gene usage and B-cell receptor structure in the main and the control groups of CLL patients indirectly indicate a change in the spectrum of antigens associated with CLL under IR exposure. The possible antigenic drivers associated with CLL associated with IR exposure are discussed.
Turistlerin Destinasyon Alışveriş Olanaklarından Memnuniyetlerinin Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma: Göbeklitepe Örneği
Authors: ÜNAL Aydın , BAYAR Sinan Baran
Published: September 2020

DDestinasyonlarda turistlere sunulan konaklama, yeme-içme, ulaşım, rekreasyon, vb. hizmetlerin yanı sıra destinasyonun sahip olduğu alışveriş olanakları ve bu olanakları sunan görevlilerin tutumlarından turistlerin memnuniyet algıları da son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada yerli turistlerin destinasyon alışveriş olanaklarından ve alışveriş noktalarındaki görevlilerin tutumlarından memnuniyet algı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda hazırlanan anket formu Temmuz-Eylül 2019 döneminde Göbeklitepe destinasyonunu ziyaret eden 400 yerli turiste yüz yüze iletişim kurularak ulaştırılmıştır. Anketlerden elde edilen veriler (386 anket) SPSS programında analize tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; katılımcıların çoğunluğunun destinasyon alışveriş olanaklarından (%71) ve destinasyondaki alışveriş noktalarındaki görevlilerin tutumlarından memnun oldukları (%65) ancak katılımcıların daha az olmakla birlikte önemli bir kısmının ise destinasyon alışveriş olanaklarından (%29) ve destinasyon alışveriş noktalarındaki görevlilerin tutumlarından memnun olmadıkları (%35) belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların destinasyon alışveriş noktalarındaki görevlilerin tutumlarını İçtenlik, Nezaket, İletişim, Turistlerin İhtiyaçları ile İlgilenme ve Hediye Paketleme Becerisi boyutları kapsamında değerlendirdikleri belirlenmiştir.
China’s Anti-Monopoly Law and the role of economics in its enforcement
Authors: Ju Heng , Lin Ping
Published: September 2020

China has made significant achievements in enforcing its 2008 Anti-Monopoly Law (AML) during the past twelve years. We review the application of economics by the China’s competition law enforcers and courts in dealing with antitrust cases. We discuss selected cases to illustrate the application of the relevant theories of competition harms. While the use of economics in its AML enforcement is consistent with international best practice, China can benefit from further raising the deterrence effect of the AML, increasing enforcement resources, and enhancing its cost-effectiveness of its Fair Competition Review system.
急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病免疫学机制研究进展
Authors: 高 红雨 , 张 援月 , 邱 绘颖 , 陈 进玲 , 成 颖
Published: September 2020

一氧化碳中毒是急诊科常见的中毒性疾病,可同时并发多种严重疾病,极大地影响着人们的健康。其中,一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病是一氧化碳中毒最常见的并发症,严重影响患者后期的生活质量。关于一氧化碳中毒机制的学说有很多,但目前尚无统一定论。一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的发病机制大致可以归纳为以下几种学说：免疫反应学说、缺血缺氧学说、细胞凋亡与细胞自噬学说、缺血-再灌注及自由基损伤学说、兴奋性氨基酸学说等。我们对该病发病机制进行综述,以便为今后预测一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病提供新的方法和新思路。
Aplikasi Quality Function Deployment (QFD) dalam Mendesain Produk Turunan Andaliman
Authors: Oktaviani Panjaitan  , Yosef Manik
Published: September 2020

Kawasan Danau Toba telah dicanangkan oleh pemerintah menjadi salah satu dari 10 kawasan strategis pariwisata nasional. Namun hingga saat ini belum banyak ditemukan produk oleh-oleh khas Kawasan Danau Toba seperti produk-produk turunan andaliman. Perancangan produk dalam studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana mendesain beberapa inovasi dari produk turunan andaliman yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang diinginkan konsumen serta langkah-langkah apa saja yang diperlukan untuk mencapai spesifikasi tersebut. Dalam melakukan perancangan produk turunan andaliman, kami menggunakan Quality Function Deployment (QFD) yaitu sebuah teknik yang sudah teruji yang digunakan untuk menangkap dan menerjemahkan kebutuhan pelanggan yang menjadi karakteristik rekayasa untuk produk-produk turunan andaliman. Alat dari QFD yang disebut House of Quality (HoQ) dibangun dan dianalisis untuk menggambarkan hubungan antara kebutuhan kosumen terhadap respon teknis perusahaan. Dalam studi ini inovasi dari produk turunan andaliman yang dirancang adalah “mie andaliman” dan “balsem andaliman”. Pengembangan produk-produk tersebut direncanakan akan diproduksi oleh sekelompok masyarakat yang berada di Kec. Lumban Julu, Kab. Toba Samosir yang didukung oleh Taman Eden 100 dan Institut Teknologi Del dalam mengembangkan dan membudidayakan tanaman andaliman dan produk turunannya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan riset pasar kepada 200 wisatawan yang berada di sekitar Kawasan Danau Toba dengan rentang umur 17-65 tahun. Hasil yang didapat dari desain produk ini yaitu terdapat 32 dan 25 atribut spesifikasi yang menjadi faktor penentu tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap produk “mie andaliman” dan “balsem andaliman”. Dan terdapat 5 respon teknis yang diprioritaskan pada perancangan produk “mie andaliman” dan 4 respon teknis yang diprioritaskan pada perancangan produk “balsem andaliman”.
Reduksi Waste pada Aktivitas Perawatan Cabin Pesawat Udara dengan Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing
Authors: Dini Wahyuni  , Irwan Budiman  , Jeffrey Panama  , Carine
Published: September 2020

Aviasi merupakan salah satu sektor yang mengalami pertumbuhan seiring dengan peningkatan mobilitas manusia dan logistik dalam menghadapi globalisasi. Perawatan merupakan bagian yang penting untuk menjamin kelaikan udara suatu pesawat udara. Salah satu bagian dari pesawat ringan (line maintenance) pada perawatan pesawat udara perawatan cabin. Divisi perawatan cabin pada industri perawatan pesawat udara disebut sebagai Cabin Maintenance Services (CMS). Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas CMS, analisis waste (pemborosan) diperlukan. Identifikasi waste dilakukan dengan pengamatan langsung, observasi maupun wawancara dan diklasifikasi berdasarkan prinsip Toyota Seven Wastes. Setelah dilakukan identifikasi potensi waste pada CMS, diberikan usulan reduksi waste untuk meningkatkan produktivitas. Hasil identifikasi ditemukan ketidakefisiensian operator, tata letak maupun urutan operasi yang berpotensi menimbulkan pemborosan. Setelah diperoleh identifikasi pemborosan, diusulkan saran perbaikan terhadap masing-masing pemborosan yang ditimbulkan. Minimisasi waste pada CMS dilakukan dengan melakukan pendekatan dan perbaikan terhadap pola kerja, urutan operasi, maupun rincian aktivitas masing-masing pekerjaan. Melalui penerapan saran perbaikan, diharapkan mampu mereduksi pemborosan yang tidak diperlukan sehingga produktivitas perusahaan dapat ditingkatkan.
Pemodelan Sistem Pengolahan Sampah di TPA(Tempat Pembuangan Akhir)Toba Samosir dalam System Dynamic
Authors: Miranda Stevany Manik Ambarita
Published: September 2020

Paradigma pengelolaan sampah untuk sistem pengolahan sampah di TPA Pintu Bosi yang merupakan satu-satunya TPA kawasan Toba Samosir, masih berada pada tahap kumpul, angkut dan buang serta andalan utama dalam menyelesaikan masalah sampah mengunakan open dumping system, mengingat kondisi pelayanan pegangkutan yang masih terlayani masih diangka 13% dari seluruh kawasan Toba Samosir. Dengan memberikan perhatian yang proporsional terhadap penumpukan sampah berbasis waktu dengan menggunakan sistem dinamik dapat menentukan kebijakan sehingga mengantisipasi penumpukan sampah yang ada di TPA Pintu Bosi. Maka dari penelitian ini kebijakan yang paling ideal untuk diterapkan dalam menjawaban target dinas terkait untuk mencapai pelayanan kebersihan secara optimal di seluruh kawasan Toba Samosir adalah skenario moderat, sebab output model pada skenario tersebut mampu menangani sampah secara maksimal dengan perolehan sampah terangkut sebanyak 280.723 m3 dan mampu menekan angka beban pencemaran secara signifikan mencapai angka 0.3814 ton di tahun 2030, dengan kebutuhan infrastruktur dan sumber daya bidang persampahan yang dibutuhkan pada tahun 2030 mencakup 101 truk sampah, 816 petugas yang terlibat, 240 bank sampah, 60 TPS 3R, dan membutuhkan dana Rp. 1.617.939.050 untuk penerapan pengolahan sampah secara terpadu.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Jasa Online Shop dengan Menggunakan Metode AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)
Authors: Nismah Panjaitan  , Bayu Suwandira
Published: September 2020

Online Shop saat ini bukan lagi menjadi sesuatu yang asing bagi masyarakat Indonesia, baik yang dalam kesehariannya menggunakan internet ataupun tidak. Definisi Online Shop adalah suatu proses pembelian barang atau jasa dari mereka yang menjual barang atau jasa melalui internet dimana antara penjual dan pembeli tidak pernah bertemu atau melakukan kontak secara fisik yang dimana barang yang diperjualbelikan ditawarkan melalui display dengan gambar yang ada di suatu website atau toko maya. Pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner AHP kepada 10 orang responden sebagai sampel dari sebuah populasi. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah Purposive Sampling dimana responden dipilih dengan tujuan tertentu, yaitu responden yang pernah menggunakan ketiga jasa Online Shop yang sedang diteliti untuk mengetahui tingkat perbandingan kualitas jasa Online Shop Lazzada, Tokopedia, dan Shopee. Berdasarkan perhitungan bobot prioritas untuk atribut Jasa Online Shop didapatkan nilai bobot prioritas untuk elemen reliability 46,87%, elemen responsiveness 21,10%, elemen assurance 8,58%, elemen emphaty 14,31% dan elemen tangible 9,14%. Perhitungan total bobot jasa Online Shop dapat dihitung dengan cara menjumlahkan bobot prioritas level 4 untuk tiap alternatif sehingga diperoleh nilai total jasa Online Shop lazzada 39,57 %, Tokopedia 25,10%, dan Shopee 35,33%. Ini berarti rank tertinggi yaitu jasa Online Shop Lazzada dengan bobot sebesar 0,3957.
The Analysis of Determine The Criteria of Car Painting Service Quality
Authors: Nofriani Fajrah  , Yogi Perdana
Published: September 2020

Pertumbuhan kendaraan bermotor memberikan kesempatan kepada bisnis bengkel pengecatan mobil. Dewasa ini bisnis bengkel pengecatan mobil meningkat dan persaingan untuk memenuhi keinginan konsumen. Persaingan bisnis bengkel pengecatan mobil semakin ketat karena keinginan konsumen yang dinamis. Hal ini dikarenakan bisnis bengkel pengecatan mobil menawarkan pilihan jasa pengecatan sesuai dengan permintaan konsumen. Ogick Paint Art merupakan salah satu bengkel pengecatan mobil, perbaikan kendaraan dan modifikasi yang menerima hampir semua pengerjaan pengecatan seperti sepeda motor, mobil, dan aksesoris kendaraan bermotor lainnya. Tujuan dai penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana memperoleh kriteria kualitas yang sesuai dengan keinginan konsumen menggunakan kuesioner Voice of Customer (VoC). Data yang telah diperoleh dari kuesioner Voice of Customer (VoC) kemudian akan digunakan sebagai panduan dalam membangun House of Quality (HoQ). Berdasarkan perhitungan House of Quality (HoQ) diketahui bahwa kriteria kualitas yang memiliki nilai prioritas paling tinggi adalah daya tahan kilap dan daya tahan intensitas warna yang memperoleh nilai 5 dari nilai tingkat kepentingan konsumen. Sedangkan peringkat kepentingan spefikasi teknis tertinggi adalah 251.29 dengan nilai kepentingan absolut dan nilai kepentingan relatif secara berutut-turut adalah 81,87 dan 7,23% untuk spesifikasi teknis kesesuaian rasio pernis dan hardener.
Perancangan Tong Sampah Pupuk Dengan Metode QFD Untuk Mengolah Limbah Organik Menjadi Pupuk Serbaguna
Authors: Khawarita Siregar  , Christopher W
Published: September 2020

Limbah Organik adalah limbah yg masih bisa diuraikan kembali oleh suatu Bakteri, dan jika dilihat secara umum Pengertian Limbah Organik itu sendiri berasal dari berbagai macam sisa aktivitas Manusia, Hewan, ataupun Tumbuhan. Limbah Organik atau sampah organik sendiri bisa didaur ulang menjadi berbagai macam hal, seperti misalnya kotoran hewan atau manusia yang bisa dijadikan sebagai sumber gas. Gas tersebut nantinya bisa menjadi salah satu alternatif energi gas yang bisa digunakan sebagai salah satu keperluan rumah tangga seperti memasak. Kemudian dapat pula diolah menjadi pupuk ataupun kompos yang berguna merawat tanaman agar lebih subur, malahan sudah terbukti akurat bahwa Tanaman jika diberikan Pupuk (Kompos) dari Limbah Organik seperti Kompos Kotoran Hewan maka hasilnya akan lebih bagus. Tujuan spesifik desain produk ini adalah untuk membuat menggiling limbah organik menjadi bahan pembutan pupuk.. Semua ide yang digunakan dalam desain ini datang dari brainstorming. Sub-masalah dari spesifikasi produk/alat pembuat pupuk akan menemukan sub-solusi dengan langkah-langkah dari Nigel Cross, menentukan karekteristik produk dengan Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Dari QFD, bandingkan alat pembuat pupuk dari limbah organik dengan tiga pesaing lainnya dengan atribut yang sama, kemudian membandingkan masing-masing atribut untuk menentukan tingkat kesulitan untuk membuat produk, tingkat kepentingan, dan biaya estimasi setiap atribut. Mengevaluasi alternatif dengan menggunakan Pairwise Comparison dan pengukuran AHP untuk menghitung bobot dari setiap atribut dan menentukan peringkat dari setiap alternatif.
Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing dalam Proses Produksi Kerajinan Bordir Sulaman dengan Metode Manajemen Berbasis Aktivitas
Authors: Anizar  , A. Rahim Matondang  , Hamida Hasan  , Delilah Mentari
Published: September 2020

Sulam bayangan merupakan produk sektor kreatif yang berkontribusi bagi produk domestik bruto namun menuntut efisiensi dan efektivitas untuk memenangkan persaingan antar pelaku usaha. Efisiensi akan mengurangi waste aktivitas produksi dan mengurangi biaya produksi yang dibutuhkan. Pada proses produksi kerajinan sulam bayangan masih terdapat waste berupa aktivitas yang tidak bernilai tambah yang berpengaruh terhadap output produksi. Permasalahan tersebut dapat diselesaikan dengan pendekatan lean manufacturing untuk menciptakan continuous improvement pada proses produksi dengan metode Activity Based Management (ABM). Penerapan ABM menciptakan efisiensi biaya yang menekankan pengelolaan bisnis berdasarkan aktivitas. Perbaikan yang dilakukan yaitu eliminasi dan penggabungan elemen kerja pemeriksaan motif dan sulaman. Hasilnya adalah efisiensi biaya produksi sebesar 4,89% dan waktu produksi sebesar 6,07%.

 

Shadow embroidery is a creative sector product that contributes to gross domestic products but requires funds and assistance to win competition among companies. Efficiency will reduce production waste and reduce the required production costs. In the process of producing shadow embroidery craft it is still a waste containing activities that are not added added to the production output. These problems can be discussed with lean manufacturing to create continuous improvement in the production process with the Activity Based Management (ABM) method. Implementation of AB Creating cost efficiency that governs business management based on activity. The improvements made are elimination and incorporation of work elements to examine motifs and embroidery. Total production costs amounted to 4.89% and production costs amounted to 6.07%.
Pengaruh Pengendalian Biaya Produksi Terhadap Produktivitas Perusahaan Pada PT. XYZ
Authors: Rizki Alfi
Published: September 2020

PT. XYZ merupakan perusahaan sarung tangan karet terbesar di Sumatra Utara.Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh PT. XYZ adalah pengendalian biaya produksi yang dilakukan pada saat ini dilihat kurang begitu baik. Hal ini diamati dari realisasi biaya produksi pada PT. XYZ terjadi ketidak stabilan ketika jumlah produksinya sedikit biaya tenaga kerja yang keluar lebih besar dibandingkan dengan bulan lainnya yang memproduksi dengan jumlah banyak, hal yang sama juga terjadi pada biaya bahan material dan biaya overhead pabrik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui produktivitas perusahaan pada PT. XYZ dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengendalian biaya produksi terhadap produktivitas perusahaan.Analisis data menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda untuk melihat biaya mana dari komponen biaya produksi yang paling berpengaruh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produktivitas pada PT. XYZ dengan menggunakan produktivitas total didapat hasil produktivitas tertinggi dan terendah pada bulan Januari dan Maret sebesar 99,46% dan 98,45% hal ini menunjukkan produktivitas pada perusahaan tergolong baik, hanya saja kurang stabil serta berdasarkan uji serempak (Uji F) dan Uji parsial (Uji t) yang dilakukan biaya produksi mempunyai pengaruh terhadap jumlah produksi/produktivitas perusahaan. Disarankan kepada pihak PT. XYZ untuk lebih memperhatikan produktivitas perusahaan serta melakukan pengendalian biaya produksi dengan lebih efektif.

 

PT. XYZ is the largest rubber glove company in North Sumatra. The problems faced by PT. XYZ is the control of production costs which is done at this time is seen not so good. This was observed from the realization of production costs at PT. XYZ occurs instability when the amount of production is small, the labor costs that come out are greater than other months that produce in large quantities, the same thing also happens to the cost of materials and factory overhead costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the company's productivity at PT. XYZ and to determine the effect of controlling production costs on company productivity. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression methods to see which costs are the most influential components of production costs. The results showed productivity at PT. XYZ by using total productivity obtained the highest and lowest productivity results in January and March of 99.46% and 98.45%, this shows the productivity of the company is quite good, it's just less stable and based on simultaneous test (F test) and partial test (T test) conducted production costs have an influence on the amount of production / productivity of the company. It is recommended to PT. XYZ to pay more attention to company productivity and control production costs more effectively.
Optimalisasi Kebutuhan Material untuk Produksi Bahan Bakar Minyak Menggunakan Metode Material Requirement Planning
Authors: Gasha Idhar Yamanda  , Qurtubi  , Dwi Handayani
Published: September 2020

Artikel ini membahas optimalisasi kebutuhan material untuk produksi bahan bakar minyak jenis A di sebuah perusahaan yang mengolah crude oil menjadi bahan bakar minyak, non-bahan bakar minyak, dan bahan bakar khusus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan penjadalan kebutuhan material dalam pengolahan produk A. Metode yang digunakan adalah Material Requirement Planning (MRP). Hasil blending produk A sebanyak 8463,6 KL/day membutuhkan komponen SR Naphtha sebesar 917 KL/day, RCC Naphtha sebesar 498,2 KL/day, HOMC sebesar 469,5 KL/day. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan menggunakan metode MRP jumlah produksi yang direncanakan telah sesuai dengan STS bulan September 2018 yang menunjukkan hasil yang optimum, artinya tidak ada produk berlebih yang dapat mengakibatkan penambahan biaya.

 

This article discusses the optimization of material requirements for the production of type A fuel oil in a company that processes crude oil into fuel oil, non-fuel oil, and special fuel. The purpose of this study is to determine the scheduling of material requirements in product processing A. The method used is Material Requirement Planning (MRP). The results of product A blending as many as 8463.6 KL / day require SR Naphtha components of 917 KL / day, RCC Naphtha of 498.2 KL / day, HOMC of 469.5 KL / day. Based on the results of calculations using the MRP method the amount of production planned is in accordance with the STS of September 2018 which shows the optimum results, meaning that there are no excess products that can result in additional costs.
Pasar Tradisional: Pilar Peradaban Yang Arif, Berbudaya Dan Kreatif Bagi Seluruh Generasi
Authors: Annisa Aurindita Amelia
Published: September 2020

Keberadaan pasar tradisional dalam kearifan budaya masyarakat Indonesia yang heterogen bukan hanya sebagai tempat jual beli, tetapi lebih dari itu, pasar tradisional merupakan wadah konsepsi kehidupan dan interaksi sosial budaya yang terjalin. ada nilai-nilai luhur dan kearifan lokal yang berkembang di pasar tradisional. tetapi di zaman modern banyak budaya tergeser oleh perkembangan dan arus modernisasi. salah satunya adalah budaya interaksi dan komunikasi dalam perdagangan. ketimpangan sosial jika berbicara tentang kepentingan pasar tradisional itu sendiri. Umumnya pasar tradisional hanya diminati oleh kalangan menengah ke bawah. Dengan segala stigma negatif kini budaya perdagangan di pasar tradisional kini mulai kehilangan pamornya sebagai tumpuan utama perekonomian rakyat. Sehingga perlu adanya revitalisasi pasar tradisional melalui potensinya. Tiga potensi terkuat pasar tradisional adalah keragaman etnis dan budaya baik penjual maupun pembeli, kearifan lokal yang tumbuh bersama pelaku pasar tradisional yang menjadi ciri khasnya, dan kreativitas dalam menghadapi tantangan perubahan jaman, keragaman dan globalisasi.

The existence of traditional markets in the cultural wisdom of heterogeneous Indonesian society is not just a place for buying and selling, but more than that, traditional markets are a container for the conception of life and social and cultural interaction intertwined. there are noble values ​​and local wisdom that bloom in traditional markets. but in modern times many cultures are displaced by the development and current of modernization. one of which is a culture of interaction and communication in trading. social inequality when talking about the interests of the traditional market itself. generally the traditional market is only in demand by the lower middle class. with all the negative stigma now that the culture of trade in traditional markets is now starting to lose its prestige as the main base of the people's economy. so the need for revitalization of traditional markets through its potentials. the three strongest potentials of traditional markets are the ethnic and cultural diversity of both sellers and buyers, local wisdom that grows with traditional market actors that have become their trademarks, and creativity in facing the challenges of changing times, diversity and globalization.