bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joseph Conrad y Witold Gombrowicz: dos escritores sin patria
Authors: Bellmunt Manel
Published: November 2022

Joseph Conrad y Witold Gombrowicz son dos de los escritores más importantes del siglo XX. A pesar de las evidentes diferencias existentes entre sus obras, sus similitudes aumentan bajo el prisma del exilio voluntario. Ofrecemos, pues, un análisis de contrastes y semejanzas entre dos autores que, por motivos diferentes, vivieron fuera de sus países natales, hecho que determinó en gran medida sus vidas y sus creaciones literarias.
Preliminares de la traducción: dos antologías de poesía francesa cruzadas
Authors: VENTURINI Santiago
Published: November 2022

This essay compares two anthologies of French poetry published in Argentina during the last thirty years: Poetas franceses contemporáneos (1974), compiled by the poet Raúl Gustavo Aguirre and Poesía francesa contemporánea (1997), and prepared by the poet Jorge Fondebrider. The analysis of paratexts in each collection (prefaces, introductions, notes) is intended to highlight the determining participation of the translator that constructs a specific meaning for the foreign text when translating it.
“Lo somni”, en la línea del ensayo moderno
Authors: Butinyà Júlia
Published: November 2022

This study is an application of the notes about modern essay to important Bernat Metge’s dialogue Lo somni, the first and most important work of Catalan Humanism. The result of this study is that this work can be considered as a precedent of this genre, as has been the case with Seneca’s epistles.
LA TRADUCCIÓ DELS CLÀSSICS ITALIANS DURANT EL FRANQUISME. EL GRAN BUIT DELS CLÀSSICS DINS EL PANORAMA HISPÀNIC (LES GUERRES I LA FILOLOGIA)
Authors: Butinyà Júlia
Published: November 2022

De la corona dels clàssics italians començarem pel més grandiós, Dante, reconegut pels altres dos, grans també -però nota discutida encara si la grandor depèn de la repercussió o de qui anuncia millor la modernitat; qüestió al capdavall indesxifrable, ja que ho fan de maneres diferents i en moments dispars.La primera traducció castellana de la Divina Comèdia fou un encàrrec de Santillana qui, vinculat a la corona catalanoaragonesa ran de la seva vinguda amb el seguici de Ferran D‟Antequera, absorbí lligams i influències que hom rebia en aquesta Corona al ritme dels viatges, consecucions i cultura humanística al voltant de la cort del Magnànim; així, la versió que de la Comèdia encarregà a Enric de Villena es realitzà entre el 28 de setembre de 1427 i el 10 d‟octubre de 1428, molt poc abans que la catalana.2 També hi té la llengua catalana orígens il·lustres, comptant amb el fet que aquest trasllat, d‟Andreu Febrer
LAS LECTURAS NO OBLIGATORIAS DE WISLAWA SZYMBORSKA
Authors: Bellmunt Manel
Published: November 2022

In this paper we propose a study about Wisława Szymborska’s thinking and literary work, Nobel Prize in Literature in 1996, from two different perspectives: her poetry and her prose pieces, little known in Spain until recently. This paper also focuses on the interaction and the parallelisms that exist between the two of them, a study not previously carried out in Spain.
HERNÁNDEZ, Mª. B. (Universidad de Murcia): CARÁCTER MORAL Y GUSTO POÉTICO EN LA LITERATURA ITALIANA SEGÚN UNA INTERPRETACIÓN DE 1946
Authors: Hernández Belén
Published: November 2022

En 1946, Raffaello viola escribió un largo ensayo de casi treinta páginas titulado “Carácter moral y gusto poético en la literatura italiana según una interpretación de 1946”, publicado como separata de la Revista de Ideas Estéticas en Madrid. Por entonces, era lector italiano en la Universidad de Salamanca, y había escrito un nuevo libro sobre las ideas poéticas de Giovanni Pascoli. Al releer el ensayo de Viola con la perspectiva del tiempo transcurrido, se perfila un paradigma interpretativo esencial para el estudio de la memoria de las traducciones y lecturas de los textos poéticos italianos durante la época de la posguerra en España.
MOTT, BRIAN (UB): Postmodificación de frases preposicionales en inglés y español (con referencia especial a postmodificadores locativos)
Authors: Mott Brian
Published: November 2022

Las frases preposicionales constituyen el tipo más frecuente de posmodificación en todos los registros del inglés (Biber et a. 1999: 634). En el español, las expresiones locativas suelen incorporar un pronombre relativo y un verbo (the books [which are] on the table > los libros que están encima de la mesa), o bien expresarse mediante una frase introducida por la preposición de (los libros de encima de la mesa). Wonder (1979) sostiene que el español permite el uso de preposiciones que no sean de en las frases locativas en el caso de “situaciones ‘activas’” (el aterrizaje en pleno campo) frente a “situaciones estáticas” (*el sofá en la sala), y también si la frase puede tener una función adverbial antes que, o además de, una interpretación adjetiva (el ruido en la calle), sobre todo si dicha frase encierra la idea de una posición alternativa para un objeto, o bien un contraste con otro objeto similar (el sofá en la sala contigua). El presente estudio pretende examinar este argumento y, además, explorar la posmodificación preposicional en español de un modo más general, a la par que propone una explicación sobre la elección de estructura en español que se basa en el criterio de la densidad léxica.
SERRA PFENNIG, Isabel (UAM): El trauma y el recuerdo del pasado en “Berlin.... Endstation” de Edgar Hilsenrath
Authors: SERRA PFENNIG Isabel
Published: November 2022

En la obra Berlin.... Endstation, Edgar Hilsenrath (1926) recrea con ironía la situación de Berlín de los años setenta. En ella retrata como telón de fondo el trauma de la guerra y el omnipresente recuerdo del Holocausto, reflejados por un escritor judío, Joseph Leschinsky, quien regresa a Berlín después de su largo exilio en los Estados Unidos movido por dos motivos fundamentales. El primero, vengarse de quien lo maltrató en la escuela por ser judío, pero se encuentra con un panorama distinto: la persona en cuestión se ha “reconvertido” viviendo ahora como un hombre ejemplar. El segundo motivo que impulsa su regreso a Berlín es la nostalgia y su amor incondicional por la lengua alemana. Paralelamente Leschinsky revivirá también otras experiencias traumáticas: el odio y las constantes amenazadas de un grupo de neonazis.
PIQUER DESVAUX, Alicia (UB). La traducción como puente entre culturas: Jacques Ancet traductor de Valente.
Authors: PIQUER DESVAUX Alicia
Published: November 2022

Jacques Ancet es autor de una cincuentena de libros diversos: poemarios, prosas y ensayos. Es también traductor al francés de numerosos poetas españoles e hispano-americanos. Traducir a José Ángel Valente significó para él profundizar en el barroco, la mística y el budismo, así como reflexionar sobre la esencia de la poesía, que es la palabra y su transgresión, lo que influye decisivamente en su propia obra.
SANTOS-SOPENA, Óscar O. El español en los Estados Unidos
Authors: SANTOS-SOPENA Óscar
Published: November 2022

SANTOS-SOPENA, Óscar O. El español en los Estados Unidos; reseña del libro: Domnita Dumitrescu & Gerardo Piña-Rosales (eds.) (2013). El español en los Estados Unidos: E Pluribus Unum? Enfoques multidisciplinarios. Nueva York: Academia Norteame-ricana de la Lengua Española, 390 páginas.
PENAS IBÁÑEZ, Beatriz. (Universidad de Zaragoza) - El papel de la traducción indirecta en la ralentización de la modernización cultural: el papel intermedio de las primeras traducciones al español de Hemingway
Authors: PENAS IBÁÑEZ Beatriz
Published: November 2022

Las traducciones españolas de la narrativa de Hemingway son traducciones de segunda mano, que no traducen directamente del texto en lengua inglesa del autor, sino que utilizan sus primeras traducciones al español como texto fuente. Los textos meta previamente elaborados han suplantado a los textos fuente en su función de referente de las nuevas traducciones. Dicha suplantación tiene efectos significativos, por una parte sobre la consideración que el lectorado español pueda tener acerca del rol del autor dentro de la literatura española y la universal. Por otra parte, la traducción indirecta, especialmente en el caso aquí estudiado, ha jugado un papel esencial en la ralentización del flujo intercultural, por ejemplo la resistencia a la adopción de ideologías de género modernas, en la etapa (post)franquista. La traducción indirecta parece haber sido una práctica cultural instrumental en la implantación de una forma aguada de (auto)censura tras la desaparición de la censura formal en España.
SERRA PFENNIG, Isabel (UAM): El joven Moncada de Alexander Lernet-Holenia. Referencias culturales e históricas en el ámbito de la traducción.
Authors: SERRA PFENNIG Isabel
Published: November 2022

En el presente artículo se analiza la obra El joven Moncada del autor austriaco Alexander Lernet-Holenia (1897-1976) uno de los escritores más destacados del siglo XX en lengua alemana. Se trata de una novela corta en la que el autor nos cuenta con delicada sutileza una historia cuyo desarrollo se sitúa a caballo entre dos países,  Argentina y España. La obra original que se publicó en alemán en 1954, fue traducida  al español en el año 2006. Es una novela  impregnada de elegancia y fina ironía y en la que Lernet­-Holenia narra aspectos culturales de gran relevancia, pero también profundiza en temas universales como el amor, las clases sociales o el dinero.
GÓMEZ-MARTÍN, María (University of Maryland – College Park), SANTOS-SOPENA, Òscar O. (West Texas A&M University – U.N.E.D.): La figura del escritor-traductor en el exilio mexicano: el caso de Martí Soler.
Authors: Óscar O. SANTOS-SOPENA María GÓMEZ-MARTÍN &
Published: November 2022

El presente estudio versa sobre la experiencia de los escritores de la segunda generación de exiliados: unos niños nacidos entre 1924 y 1939 que se vieron obligados a abandonar España con sus familias al término de la Guerra Civil. Unos niños que crecen marcados por su experiencia, por la supervivencia de la guerra, el paso por diversos países europeos previo asentamiento en México, por los problemas identitarios debido a su condición de nómadas… En definitiva, unos niños convertidos en escritores que a su vez han devenido traductores y que han reflejado sus experiencias personales en su ejercicio de escritura y de traducción. Por lo tanto, nuestra intención es estudiar la dimensión traductológica de uno de los autores más notables de esta generación: Martí Soler Vinyes (Barcelona, 1934- ) para profundizar en la relación autor-traductor que en él se fusiona en un mismo ser. Prestaremos especial atención a su labor traductológica desde 1975, fecha que marca un antes y un después en la historia española y que al supuestamente acabar con la condición de “exiliado” de nuestro protagonista, modifica una vez más su subjetividad y por ende, su ejercicio de escritura. Por último, este estudio pretende analizar las traducciones de Soler con el fin de comprender mejor a este autor, al escritor-traductor, con sus particulares gustos e influencias literarias puesto que, como afirma su coetáneo Manuel Durán, “dime a quién traduces y te diré quién eres”.
CAMPS, Assumpta. La legibilidad de la traducción
Authors: Camps Assumpta
Published: November 2022

CAMPS, Assumpta. La legibilidad de la traducción; reseña del libro: Gutbub, Christophe (ed.). La lisibilité de la traduction, Rennes: La Licorne (Presses Universitaires de Rennes), 182 páginas.
TRADUCTORES AUTOFICCIONALES: UNA VENTANA A LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA IDENTIDAD PROFESIONAL
Authors: Villegas Salas Lilia Irlanda
Published: November 2022

Desde la óptica de la formación de traductores se analiza la identidad profesional en algunas fabulaciones del yo, a saber: “Las babas del diablo”, de Julio Cortázar (1959); Si una noche de invierno un viajero, de Ítalo Calvino (1979); Kaddish por el hijo no nacido, de Imre Kertész (1990); Tiempo de vida, de Marcos Giralt Torrente (2010); y La mujer de papel, de Rabih Alameddine (2012). El encuadre teórico es la identidad como constructo desafiante de estereotipación explorada desde la autoficción. La metodología de estudio es comparatista basada en los estudios temáticos y contrastivos entre tipologías de personajes y sus narrativas. Se postula que la identidad profesional del traductor literario es un constructo autofabulado y discursivo con caracterís-ticas reconocibles tales como vocación, creatividad, reflexividad y laboriosidad agónica,
EL TRADUCTOR ANTE LA CREACIÓN NEOLÓGICA EN LA OBRA, DE PETER SLOTERDIJK, CRÍTICA DE LA RAZÓN CÍNICA
Authors: Martino Alba Pilar
Published: November 2022

La obra filosófica contemporánea de Peter Sloterdijk, Kritik der zynischen Vernunft (Crítica de la razón cínica), publicada en Alemania en 1983, fue traducida y publicada en España en 1989 por Taurus Humanidades. El éxito de ventas llevó a la prestigiosa editorial Siruela a adquirir los derechos y a una nueva edición en 2003, revisada y actualizada por el traductor de la obra al español. En nuestro artículo, fundamentado en una extensa entrevista al traductor sobre su trabajo, analizamos las dificultades de la creación neológica en el proceso traductor de dicha obra filosófica y, asimismo, valoramos el resultado bajo las tres premisas que el traductólogo checo Jiři Levý estableciera en su Umění překladu (El arte de traducir) para evaluar la traducción de textos literarios.
EL DISCURSO DE ARTHUR SCHOPENHAUER EN EL ARTE DE INSULTAR. LA TRADUCCIÓN COMO EXPERIENCIA ESTÉTICA
Authors: Serra Pfennig Isabel
Published: November 2022

Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) admirador de Immanuel Kant y de nuestros ilustres escritores: Calderón de la Barca y Baltasar Gracián, de quien tradujo el Oráculo Manual, representa uno de los máximos exponentes alemanes sobre el pesimismo metafísico. En la segunda década del siglo XX tanto Friedrich Nietzsche, como Thomas Mann así como Thomas Bernhard quedaron fascinados por las tesis de Schopenhauer, en las que afirmaba que el sufrimiento lo domina todo. En estas páginas analizaremos la traduc-ción de una de sus obras El arte de insultar (Die Kunst zu beleidigen). El insulto, según Schopenhauer no deriva de conceptos groseros y vulgares, ni con la finalidad de injuriar, sino sirve como recurso cuando el arte de la argumentación no prospera y queda anulada. Tal y como manifiesta Franco Volpi en la introducción de El arte de insultar, esta obra es el complemento de El arte de tener razón, cuya finalidad sirve para vencer dialécticamente al oponente en una discusión tanto para afirmaciones verdaderas como falsas. El discurso de las ofensas, insultos e improperios según el ideario de Schopenhauer, se reavivan y prosperan y tienen validez hasta en nuestra más reciente actualidad. Los aforismos y los ensayos de Schopenhauer aportan un claro acierto ante una sociedad debilitada por los acontecimientos sociales. Además, Schopenhauer orienta su filosofía hacía la comprensión pragmática del vivir.
LA EQUIVALENCIA A TRAVÉS DE LA DIALÉCTICA POSHEGELIANA
Authors: Arroyo Bretaño Javier
Published: November 2022

Tanto la dialéctica de Hegel como la revisión de esta propiciada por Žižek pueden ayudarnos a entender la equivalencia traductora; sin embargo, cada una nos presenta un enfoque diferente. Mientras que el idealismo absoluto de Hegel permite ver en última instancia la traducción como reafirmación del original, la negación dialéctica de Žižek, con su imposibilidad del Absoluto, nos acerca al objeto traducido como binomio contextual. Si estudiamos ambas perspectivas desde traducciones que requieran altos niveles de implicación creativa y razonamos la equivalencia en estos casos desde la lingüística poética, apreciamos en la dialéctica poshegeliana una visión de la traducción cercana a las tesis posestructuralistas de los Estudios de Traducción.
PRÁCTICAS COMUNES DE LA TRADUCCIÓN Y DEL PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO ARTÍSTICO. DOS PROCESOS EN COMPARACIÓN CON EL ANÁLISIS DE IL CORPO COME LINGUAGGIO DE LEA VERGINE Y MATTHEW BARNEY DE MASSIMILIANO GIONI
Authors: Martina López Salvatore Bartolotta    -
Published: November 2022

En el último, siglo el arte contemporáneo ha propuesto al crítico nuevos desafíos y dificultades, alejándose del discurso formal y adentrándose casi totalmente en el conceptual. El crítico ha tenido que adaptarse a estas nuevas premisas, pasando a ser no sólo descriptor, sino también adaptándose a criterios que se adhieren a la epistemología de la traducción y a sus complejidades, con amplia intervención de la filosofía del arte. El objetivo de este ensayo será, a través del estudio profundo de la actividad de dos críticos de arte contemporáneos, Lea Vergine y Massimiliano Gioni, profundizar y poner de manifiesto los vínculos entre la práctica de la crítica de arte y la de la traducción, investigar cómo la filosofía del arte se funde con, o se distingue de, la crítica en el arte contemporáneo y cómo, y según qué autoridad social, el crítico se convierte en traductor de conceptos.
Device Independent Color Reproduction
Authors: Stone Maureen C.
Published: November 2022

Computer systems can be used to interconnect many different types of color devices: monitors, printers, film and video recorders. Techniques based on CIE standards provide a degree of “device independence” to color reproduction in these systems. However, reproducing tristimulus values, pixel by pixel, will not result in acceptable color reproduction for images or related color sets. Differences in gamut and appearance characteristics make an additional transformation step essential, a step we call gamut mapping. While this model has proven useful for color reproduction across media [11], there are still research problems left to be solved before it can be fully realized. This paper will discuss these issues and also some of the inherent limitations of this approach to color reproduction.
Color Gamut Matching for Hard Copy
Authors: Meyer John , Barth Brian
Published: November 2022

The input data from a scanner or computer generated image will often contain colors which are outside the printable gamut of a hard copy device. This paper describes a method for obtaining a perceptual appearance match between the original image and the hard copy output under these conditions.
Challenges in Device-Independent Image Rendering
Authors: Ulichney Robert A.
Published: November 2022

At display or print time, images must be properly scaled with optional sharpening, tone-scale or color adjusted, and quantized either dynamically or simply, depending on the available color levels at the targeted device.
Segregation of Basic Colors in an Information Display
Authors: Boynton Robert M. , Smallman Harvey S.
Published: November 2022

Consider a display containing many elements, among which there is a single critical target, differing slightly from the others, for which a subject is instructed to search. If a very small spatial detail defines this difference, (a) fixation near the critical target will be required for its identification, (b) a serial search will be needed to find it, and (c) the larger the number of targets, the longer will be the average search time needed to discover the critical target. The search time can be reduced if: (a) targets are color coded, (b) some of the targets are of an irrelevant color, and (c) the subject knows the color of the critical target. As Green and Anderson (1956) first put it, "When Os know the color of the target, search time is approximately proportional to the number of symbols of the target's color." Their seminal research, involving only two colors, has subsequently been extended to five by the work of Smith (1962).
Theoretical Constraints on the Participation of Rods and Cones in Color Matches
Authors: Brill Michael H.
Published: November 2022

The visual system is trichromatic for small, centrally fixated fields and high (photopic) light intensities. For such conditions, color matching requires three primary lights, because of the three kinds of cone photoreceptors involved. When light intensities are low (scotopic), color matching reduces to brightness matching, and vision becomes monochromatic. At scotopic light intensities, which are not enough to excite cones, vision is mediated by rods; on the other hand, photopic light intensities are high enough to saturate the rods so that only cones contribute to color matches. But what of light intensities (mesopic) that are above the cone threshold but below the rod-saturation intensity? If rods and cones participate together in mesopic vision, shouldn't mesopic color matches require four primary lights instead of three? To address this question, this paper first shows the possibility of a full tetrachromatic matching space by demonstrating that the rod spectral-sensitivity function is linearly independent of a set of color-matching functions for the cones. Secondly, the mathematical conditions for convergence of Trezona's [1] iterative tetrachromatic matching experiment are derived and shown to agree with the actual conditions of the experiment. This step is intended to show that some experimental results are consistent with the formal discussion. Finally, a simple diagram is introduced that represents confusion loci in a reduced "matching space" of rod versus cone stimulation. The topology of this diagram is used to show how mesopic trichromacy is possible.
Light Source Size and the Stimulus to Vision
Authors: Worthey James A.
Published: November 2022

Non-luminous objects present a stimulus to vision that depends on their optical interaction with the sources that illuminate them. "Sources" in this context means all other objects, as may be seen if the main object of interest is a plane mirror, or a mirrored sphere, for example. Such examples show that contrast in an object can depend on contrasts elsewhere in the environment. An important and highly variable feature of the optical environment is the size of the primary light source. This paper will look at light source sizes and their effect on the appearance of shiny objects. (Obviously, source size affects the appearance of matte objects also.) Table 1 shows that familiar lights vary in the bright solid angle that they present by a factor of 105 or 106.
Detection of spatial-frequency selected color shifts and the contrast sensitivity functions for CRT primaries
Authors: Yaguchi Hirohisa , Takahashi Hidemi , Miyake Yoichi
Published: November 2022

The contrast sensitivity function for human vision is well understood. It is known that the contrast sensitivity of luminance discrimination shows a band pass profile and that of chromatic discrimination shows a low pass profile. This characteristics of human vision is applied to the NTSC television transmission system. The image on color TV is formed by the basis of additive mixture of three primary colors; red, green and blue. When we estimate the image quality of color TV, therefore, it becomes very important to know the spatial frequency characteristics of each primary color for human vision.
Color-Name Boundaries for Color Coding
Authors: Post David L. , Calhoun Christopher S.
Published: November 2022

One of the main problems that arises when designing color codes for electronic visual displays involves color selection. The colors must be distinctive and immediately recognizable as corresponding with the color names they represent. Otherwise, their meanings may be ambiguous, thereby defeating the code's purpose. We are approaching this problem by mapping the relationship between location on the CIE 1976 uniform chromaticity-scale (UCS) diagram and population stereotypes for color naming. This information should simplify the color selection process by helping the designer avoid, for example, specifying a "red" that actually appears orange. Thus, our project can be characterized as an attempt to improve on the Kelly (1943) color boundaries and is similar with an earlier effort by Haeusing (1976). It is also related to Boynton and Olson's (1987) work on focal colors. This paper describes our method, provides an overview of six experiments we have performed, and shows some representative results.
Perceptual Image Quality Metrics
Authors: Roufs Jacques A. J. , de Ridder Huib , Westerink Joyce
Published: November 2022

There is a rapidly growing awareness that the quality experience of the human observer is the ultimate criterion for the technical quality of display systems, coding algorithms and image-processing systems.
Visual multipoles for quantifying raggedness and sharpness of images
Authors: Klein Stanley , Carney Thom
Published: November 2022

At the recent SPIE meeting on Human Vision, Visual Processing and Digital Display (1989) it was clear that many display engineers are interested in the properties of the human visual system. Knowledge about human performance is being used both for improving a metric to measure image quality and also to improve data compression algorithms. It was apparent from that meeting that the languages used by the display engineers and the vision researchers have not fully meshed. The present meeting on applied vision provides an excellent forum for further discussion and cross-fertilization between the groups and the present paper is offered in that spirit. This paper is an outgrowth of our psychophysical experiments on the detection of blur and the detection of misalignment as a function of contrast. In the Discussion we will describe the relevance of this research for perceived image quality and for compression algorithms.
Neural Codes, Receptive Fields, and Visual Represenations
Authors: Watson Andrew B.
Published: November 2022

Spatial imagery is represented in the brain in the responses of populations of neurons, or neural codes. The use of digital implementations of these neural codes to evaluate image fidelity will be discussed.
Photoreceptor Sampling of Moving Images
Authors: Williams David R.
Published: November 2022

A periodic moving stimulus can appear to move in the reverse direction if it is under-sampled in time, as in the case of the "wagon wheel" effect caused by an inadequate frame rate in motion pictures. Sampling by a spatial array of sensors or pixels can produce a similar motion reversal for periodic patterns moving at any velocity, if the spatial sampling frequency is too low. These artifacts are well-known to engineers who design discrete imaging systems. The artifact resulting from spatial under-sampling has been demonstrated in biological imaging systems (Goetz, 1965, Coletta and Williams, 1987). For example, insects tethered at the center of a rotating drum containing low spatial frequency vertical stripes exhibit an optomotor response: they rotate in the same direction as the stripes. However, these insects reverse their direction of motion when confronted with spatial frequencies that exceed the Nyquist frequency of their ommatidial array. This is just what one would expect from spatial aliasing by the regular array of insect ommatidia. Nancy Coletta and I have demonstrated a similar effect in the human with drifting interference fringes whose contrast is immune to optical degradation. In the parafoveal retina, high spatial frequency (but not low) gratings look like two-dimensional spatial noise and can appear to move in the opposite direction from their true direction of motion. This motion reversal can be demonstrated with a forced-choice technique. Subjects guessed the direction of motion of vertical, unity contrast fringes whose direction was randomly determined on each trial. No feedback was provided. Percent correct falls significantly below chance performance at high spatial frequencies, indicating a reversal in the perceived direction of motion. At higher frequencies, the perceived direction of motion reverses a second time, and at even higher frequencies performance settles to chance.
Image Processing by Intensity-Dependent Spread
Authors: Cornsweet Tom N. , Yellott John I.
Published: November 2022

A relatively new theory of human visual processing, called Intensity-Dependent Spread (IDS), has some interesting properties as a digital image processing algorithm.
Image Characteristics Recovery from Bandpass Filtering
Authors: Alter-Gartenberg Rachel , Narayanswamy Ramkumar
Published: November 2022

Images filtered with bandpass filters preserve most of their original characteristics. Quantifying them, we recover the original intensity and reflectance representations from the bandpassed data.
Evaluation of the Protein Content in Skim Milk Based on Random Laser
Authors: Araújo S. Santos , Prado M. V. A. , Abegão L. M. G. , Pagani A. A. C. , Zílio S. C. , Rodrigues J. J. , Alencar M. A. R. C.
Published: November 2022

A method to evaluate the content of protein in skim milk was proposed, based on the correlation of random laser emission intensity from a solution rhodamine B and skim milk, and its protein content.
Optimizing Platinum Thermistor Performance for Long Wavelength Earth Remote Sensing Microbolometers
Authors: Antunes E. F. , Dan A. , Tomlin N. A. , Yung C. S. , Lehman J. H.
Published: November 2022

BABAR microbolometers are instruments for far-infrared sensing of Earth radiation from space. To improve the signal-to-noise-ratio of the instrument, a high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) was achieved in Pt-thermistors by overcoming challenges of microfabrication.
Mitigating aberrations in metalenses: physical principles, design rules and fundamental limitations
Authors: Martins Augusto , Li Juntao , Borges Ben-Hur V. , Krauss Thomas F. , Martins Emiliano R.
Published: November 2022

A double surface is required to mitigate aberrations of metalenses. Doublets are still not well understood, and designs rely on numerical optimization. We unveil the physical principles and limitations of doublets, leading to analytical designs.
Focusing a nano-earthquake
Authors: Boggiano Hilario D. , Nam Lin , Tilmann Benjamin , Maier Stefan A. , Grinblat Gustavo , Cortés Emiliano , Bragas Andrea V.
Published: November 2022

Plasmonic nanoantennas are optomechanical transducers for converting laser pulses into surface hypersound waves traveling through the underlying substrate, similar to the seismic waves after an earthquake. Here we introduce a novel design consisting of an array of plasmonic nanodisks allowing the focusing of the generated waves in the nanoscale.
Amplitude Matters: the Role of Losses on Photonic Resonant Sensors
Authors: Arruda Guilherme S. , Conteduca Donato , Barth Isabel , Wang Yue , Krauss Thomas F. , Martins Emiliano R.
Published: November 2022

We developed an analytical model to estimate the impacts of optical losses on the performance of photonic resonant sensors. We find that the resonance amplitude plays a significant, albeit underestimated, role on the performance.
Reduced-Clad Fibers for High-Density Optical Connectivity
Authors: Bickham Scott R. , Stainer Darren A. , Tandon Pushkar
Published: November 2022

Smaller-diameter fibers are migrating into data center applications to increase connectivity density. Our modelling and measurements indicate that a cladding diameter of 100 m delivers better microbending and attenuation compared to 80 m diameter fibers.
GeO2 and TeO2 Glasses with Metallic Nanoparticles Used as Cover Layer to Improve Si Solar Cell Performance
Authors: Mattos Guilherme R. S. , Gunji Renato M. , Bordon Camila D. S. , Garcia José A. M. , Amaro Augusto A. , Gómez-Malagón Luis A. , Kassab Luciana R. P.
Published: November 2022

Germanate and tellurite glasses doped with Eu3+ ions and Au/Ag nanoparticles were produced and optical and electrical characterizations were made. Efficiency enhancement of Si solar cell covered with these glasses was observed.
Synthesis, Structural, and Spectroscopic Properties of Ln3+ (Ln= Eu, Er and Yb) Doped Y2Sn2O7 Materials
Authors: Guidorzi M.V. , Borges F.H. , Gonçalves R. R.
Published: November 2022

Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic properties of Ln3+ (Ln= Eu, Er and Yb) in Y2Sn2O7 materials synthesized by co-precipitation, calcined at 700, 900 and 1100 °C using as precursors the Tin (IV) chloride pentahydrate, yttrium chloride and ammonium hydroxide.
Parallel temporal signal processing enabled by polarization-multiplexed programmable THz metasurfaces
Authors: Tahmasebi Omid , Abdolali Ali , Rajabalipanah Hamid , Momeni Ali , Fleury Romain
Published: November 2022

Under the trends of multifunctionality, tunability, and compactness in modern wave-based signal processors, in this paper, we propose a polarization-multiplexed graphene-based metasurface to realize distinct mathematical operators on the parallel time-domain channels enabled by vertical and horizontal polarizations. The designed metasurface is composed of two perpendicularly-oriented graphene strips for each of which the chemical potential can be dynamically tuned through a DC biasing circuit. The programmable metasurface exhibits two orthogonal channels through which the time-domain input signals are elaborately processed by separate mathematical functions. Several illustrative examples are presented demonstrating that the proposed device can operate on different time-domain analog computing modes such as fractional-order differentiator and phaser at the same time. The strategy introduced in this paper will enable real-time parallel temporal analog computing and has potentially essential applications in terahertz spectroscopy architectures, communication systems, and computing technologies.
Ultra-narrowband filter based on the metal-cladding resonant waveguide
Authors: Yang Hong , Dai Hailang , Chen Xianfeng
Published: November 2022

The simple and effective optical filter is the significantly scientific and technical interest in optical signal processing and communication. Especially, the development of microsystem integration is limited in traditional optical filters, due to the complicated structure, small choice, large cost, etc. In this paper, we report an ultra-narrowband filter based on a metal-cladding resonant waveguide. Therein, the ultra-narrowband resonant mode is achieved based on the resonance screening of incident light and cavity modes. According to the experimental data, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) can reach less than 0.1 nm. Furthermore, the resonant peak of FWMH is determined by the thickness of the waveguide, and the resonant wavelength can be selected by changing the incident angle.
Deep learning-enabled anti-ambient light approach for fringe projection profilometry
Authors: Zhang Ruihu , Duan Minghui , Fan Xin , Zheng Yabing , Sun Zheng , Zheng Jinjin , Jin Yi
Published: November 2022

Achieving high-quality surface profiles under strong ambient light is challenging in fringe projection profilometry (FPP) since ambient light inhibits functional illumination from exhibiting sinusoidal stripes with high quantization levels. Conventionally, large-step phase shifting approaches are presented to enhance the anti-interference capability of FPP, but the image acquisition process in these approaches is highly time-consuming. Inspired by the promising performance of deep learning in optical metrology, we propose a deep learning-enabled anti-ambient light (DLAL) approach that can help FPP extract phase distributions from a single fringe image exposed to unbalanced lighting. In this work, the interference imposed by ambient light on FPP is creatively modeled as ambient light-induced phase error (ALPE). Guided by the ALPE model, we generate the dataset by precisely adjusting the stripe contrast before performing active projection, overcoming the challenge of collecting a large sample of fringe images with various illumination conditions. Driven by the novel dataset, the generated deep learning model can effectively suppress outliers among surface profiles in the presence of strong ambient light, thereby implementing high-quality 3D surface imaging. Experimentally, we verify the effectiveness and adaptability of the proposed DLAL approach in both indoor and outdoor scenarios with strong irradiation.
Post-COVID-19 syndrome risk factors and further use of health services in East England
Authors: Debski Maciej , Tsampasian Vasiliki , Haney Shawn , Blakely Katy , Weston Samantha , Ntatsaki Eleana , Lim Mark , Madden Susan , Perperoglou Aris , Vassiliou Vassilios S.
Published: November 2022

Post-COVID syndrome, defined as symptoms persisting for more than twelve weeks after the diagnosis of COVID-19, has been recognised as a new clinical entity in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study was conducted to characterise the burden and predictors for post-COVID-19 syndrome in the local population. It was a community-based web-survey study conducted in Norfolk, East England, UK. We sent the survey to patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction by December 6th, 2020. Questions related to the pre-COVID and post-COVID level of symptoms and further healthcare use. Baseline characteristics were collected from the primary care records. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to establish predictors for post-COVID-19 syndrome and further healthcare utilisation. Of 6,318 patients, survey responses were obtained from 1,487 participants (23.5%). Post-COVID-19 syndrome symptoms were experienced by 774 (52.1%) respondents. Male sex compared to female sex was a factor protective of post-COVID symptoms; relative risk (RR) 0.748, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.605–0.924. Body mass index was associated with a greater risk of developing post-COVID-19 symptoms (RR 1.031, 95% CI, 1.016–1.047, for 1 kg/m2). A total of 378 (25.4%) people used further health services after their index COVID-19 infection, of whom 277 (73.2%) had post-COVID symptoms. Male sex was negatively associated with the use of further health services (RR 0.618, 95% CI, 0.464–0.818) whereas BMI was positively associated (RR 1.027, 95% CI, 1.009–1.046). Overall, post-COVID-19 symptoms increased the probability of using health services with RR 3.280, 95% CI, 2.540–4.262. This survey of a large number of people previously diagnosed with COVID-19 across East England shows a high prevalence of self-reported post-COVID-19 syndrome. Female sex and BMI were associated with an increased risk of post-COVID-19 syndrome and further utilisation of healthcare.
Making maternity and neonatal care personalised in the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the Babies Born Better survey in the UK and the Netherlands
Authors: van den Berg Lauri M. M. , Akooji Naseerah , Thomson Gill , de Jonge Ank , Balaam Marie-Clare , Topalidou Anastasia , Downe Soo ,   on behalf of the ASPIRE COVID-19 research team
Published: November 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic had a severe impact on women’s birth experiences. To date, there are no studies that use both quantitative and qualitative data to compare women’s birth experiences before and during the pandemic, across more than one country.

Aim

To examine women’s birth experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the experiences of women who gave birth in the United Kingdom (UK) or the Netherlands (NL) either before or during the pandemic.

Method

This study is based on analyses of quantitative and qualitative data from the online Babies Born Better survey. Responses recorded by women giving birth in the UK and the NL between June and December 2020 have been used, encompassing women who gave birth between 2017 and 2020. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and chi-squared tests were performed to compare women who gave birth pre- versus during pandemic and separately by country. Qualitative data was analysed by inductive thematic analysis.

Findings

Respondents in both the UK and the NL who gave birth during the pandemic were as likely, or, if they had a self-reported above average standard of life, more likely to rate their labour and birth experience positively when compared to women who gave birth pre-pandemic. This was despite the fact that those labouring in the pandemic reported a lack of support and limits placed on freedom of choice. Two potential explanatory themes were identified in the qualitative data: respondents had lower expectations of care during the pandemic, and they appreciated the efforts of staff to give individualised care, despite the rules.

Conclusion

Our study implies that many women labouring during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced restrictions, but their experience was mitigated by staff actions. However, personalised care should not be maintained by the good will of care providers, but should be a priority in maternity care policy to benefit all service users equitably.
Extracting film thickness and optical constants from spectrophotometric data by evolutionary optimization
Authors: Dutta Rajdeep , Tian Siyu Isaac Parker , Liu Zhe , Lakshminarayanan Madhavkrishnan , Venkataraj Selvaraj , Cheng Yuanhang , Bash Daniil , Chellappan Vijila , Buonassisi Tonio , Jayavelu Senthilnath
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we propose a simple and elegant method to extract the thickness and the optical constants of various films from the reflectance and transmittance spectra in the wavelength range of 350 − 1000 nm. The underlying inverse problem is posed here as an optimization problem. To find unique solutions to this problem, we adopt an evolutionary optimization approach that drives a population of candidate solutions towards the global optimum. An ensemble of Tauc-Lorentz Oscillators (TLOs) and an ensemble of Gaussian Oscillators (GOs), are leveraged to compute the reflectance and transmittance spectra for different candidate thickness values and refractive index profiles. This model-based optimization is solved using two efficient evolutionary algorithms (EAs), namely genetic algorithm (GA) and covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMAES), such that the resulting spectra simultaneously fit all the given data points in the admissible wavelength range. Numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in estimating the optical parameters of interest.
Influence of chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharide on dual antibiotic-loaded bone cement: In vitro evaluations
Authors: Tantavisut Saran , Leanpolchareanchai Jiraporn , Wongrakpanich Amaraporn
Published: November 2022

Background and purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of incorporating chitosan (Ch) and chitosan oligosaccharides (ChO) into the commercially premixed antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC). We compare antibiotic release profiles, antibacterial activity, and mechanical properties among different ALBC formulations. The hypothesis was that increasing the amount of Ch and ChO in the cement mixture would increase the antibiotics released and bacterial control. ALBC mixed with Ch or ChO may create a greater effect due to its superior dissolving property.

Materials and methods

The bone cement samples used in this project were made from Copal®G+V composed of vancomycin and gentamicin. To prepare the Ch and the ChO mixed bone cement samples, different amounts of Ch and ChO were added to the polymethylmethacrylate matrix with three concentrations (1%, 5%, and 10%). Drug elution assay, antimicrobial assay,in vitrocytotoxicity, and mechanical properties were conducted.

Results

Bone cement samples made from Copal®G+V alone or combined with Ch or ChO can release vancomycin and gentamicin into the phosphate-buffered saline. Mixing ChO into the bone cements can increase the amount of drug released more than Ch. ChO 10% gave the highest amount of antibiotics released. All samples showed good antibacterial properties with good biocompatibilityin vitro. The microhardness values of the Ch and ChO groups increased significantly compared to the control group. In all groups tested, the microhardness of bone cements was reduced after the drug eluted out. However, this reduction of the Ch and ChO groups was in line with the control.

Interpretation

Various attempts have been made to improve the ALBC efficacy. In our study, the best bone cement formulation was bone cement mixed with ChO (10%), which had the highest drug release profiles, was biocompatible, and contained antibacterial properties with acceptable mechanical properties. This phenomenon could result from the superior water solubility of the ChO. When ChO leaves the bone cement specimens, it generates pores that could act as a path that exposes the bone cement matrix to the surrounding medium, increasing antibiotic elution. From all above, ChO is a promising substance that could be added to ALBC in order to increase the drug elution rate. However, morein vitroandin vivoexperiments are needed before being used in the clinic.
A de novo MS1 feature detector for the Bruker timsTOF Pro
Authors: Wilding-McBride Daryl , Webb Andrew I.
Published: November 2022

Identification of peptides by analysis of data acquired by the two established methods for bottom-up proteomics, DDA and DIA, relies heavily on the fragment spectra. In DDA, peptide features detected in mass spectrometry data are identified by matching their fragment spectra with a peptide database. In DIA, a peptide’s fragment spectra are targeted for extraction and matched with observed spectra. Although fragment ion matching is a central aspect in most peptide identification strategies, the precursor ion in the MS1 data reveals important characteristics as well, including charge state, intensity, monoisotopic m/z, and apex in retention time. Most importantly, the precursor’s mass is essential in determining the potential chemical modification state of the underlying peptide sequence. In the timsTOF, with its additional dimension of collisional cross-section, the data representing the precursor ion also reveals the peptide’s peak in ion mobility. However, the availability of tools to survey precursor ions with a wide range of abundance in timsTOF data across the full mass range is very limited. Here we present a de novo feature detector called three-dimensional intensity descent (3DID). 3DID can detect and extract peptide features down to a configurable intensity level, and finds many more features than several existing tools. 3DID is written in Python and is freely available with an open-source MIT license to facilitate experimentation and further improvement (DOI 10.5281/zenodo.6513126). The dataset used for validation of the algorithm is publicly available (ProteomeXchange identifier PXD030706).
Multigroup prediction in lung cancer patients and comparative controls using signature of volatile organic compounds in breath samples
Authors: Rai Shesh N. , Das Samarendra , Pan Jianmin , Mishra Dwijesh C. , Fu Xiao-An
Published: November 2022

Early detection of lung cancer is a crucial factor for increasing its survival rates among the detected patients. The presence of carbonyl volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath can play a vital role in early detection of lung cancer. Identifying these VOC markers in breath samples through innovative statistical and machine learning techniques is an important task in lung cancer research. Therefore, we proposed an experimental approach for generation of VOC molecular concentration data using unique silicon microreactor technology and further identification and characterization of key relevant VOCs important for lung cancer detection through statistical and machine learning algorithms. We reported several informative VOCs and tested their effectiveness in multi-group classification of patients. Our analytical results indicated that seven key VOCs, including C4H8O2, C13H22O, C11H22O, C2H4O2, C7H14O, C6H12O, and C5H8O, are sufficient to detect the lung cancer patients with higher mean classification accuracy (92%) and lower standard error (0.03) compared to other combinations. In other words, the molecular concentrations of these VOCs in exhaled breath samples were able to discriminate the patients with lung cancer (n = 156) from the healthy smoker and nonsmoker controls (n = 193) and patients with benign pulmonary nodules (n = 65). The quantification of carbonyl VOC profiles from breath samples and identification of crucial VOCs through our experimental approach paves the way forward for non-invasive lung cancer detection. Further, our experimental and analytical approach of VOC quantitative analysis in breath samples may be extended to other diseases, including COVID-19 detection.