bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DO AMBIENTE DE NEGÓCIOS NA REGIÃO DO CRAJUBAR CEARENSE, TENDO COMO REFERÊNCIA O FRAMEWORK ADOTADO PELO GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP MONITOR
Authors: Cavalcante Davi , dos Santos Antonio
Published: July 2024

O crescente desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo no Brasil tem sido notado, não apenas pelos próprios brasileiros, mas também uma realidade no exterior, com base em pesquisas reconhecidas mundialmente, como é o caso do GEM - Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa buscou descrever a percepção dos especialistas vinculados ao ambiente de negócios e inovação localizados na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, no Crajubar Cearense, tendo como referência o framework adotado pelo Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. A presente pesquisa caracterizou-se como descritiva com abordagem quantitativa em dados primários, tendo sido utilizados questionários estruturados para a coleta de dados. O objeto de estudo foram especialistas envolvidos com a atividade do empreendedorismo empresarial na região e a amostra foi por conveniência. Após a aplicação dos questionários pode-se concluir que é o Brasil precisa rever urgentemente suas políticas públicas, apesar de se reconhecer que houve avanços nos últimos anos. É necessário mais investimentos em inovação, pesquisa e conhecimento nas nove áreas pesquisadas e dispostas pelo GEM.
MBA EXECUTIVO EM SERVIÇOS SOCIAIS E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: ASSISTÊNCIA SOCIAL: NOVA LEGISLAÇÃO, CONCEPÇÕES E PRÁTICAS
Authors: Rosa Da Rocha Andréia
Published: July 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e literária, configurando-se assim como o resultado do diálogo construído pela autora por meio da leitura e análise de documentos como a Constituição de 88, a Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social e normativas correlatas. O mesmo apresenta abordagens e concepções complementares apontando o pensamento de diferentes autores sobre a nova política de Assistência Social que vem sendo implementada no Brasil pelas três esferas federativas, a saber Governo Federal, Estados e Municípios. Expõe-se aspectos da consolidação ou não, da referida política, ainda que brevemente abordando os conceitos de assistência social acolhedora, libertadora, problematizadora, transformadora e direitos humanos/cidadãos. Apresentando as principais características do MBA, na área social. A metodologia é de enfoque qualitativo, de revisão bibliográfica e documental. De nível analítico, descritivo e explicativo. De sequência Temporal Sincrónica Transversal. Por fim, expõe questões em aberto para encaminhamentos, algumas sociais e outras teóricas conceituais, de responsabilidade do Sistema único de Assistência Social e outras implicam em pesquisas sobre a Politica de Assistência Social, sob a iniciativa de pesquisadores, grupos e instituições.
LESSON STUDY AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING PROFESSIONAL PRACTICES OF CLIL TEACHERS
Authors: Chizhevskaya, Yulia , Akparova Elena
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the effectiveness of the Lesson Study (LS) approach for the formation of functional literacy of students through improving the teaching practice of teachers who implement programs or elements of CLIL-learning in high schools in Karaganda region.The LS approach, which has successfully proved itself both in the national pedagogical community and abroad, is one of the most widespread practices of professional development of school teachers through "research into action". Lesson Study involves groupsof teachers jointly planning, teaching, observing, analyzing learning and teaching, and documenting their findings.The study included a questionnaire survey of CLIL teachers and high school students, diagnostics of learning outcomes on two measurable indicators: science literacy, reading literacy in a foreign (English) language, and assessment of the developmental potential of the LS approach for improving CLIL teachers' teaching practices. As a result of this work, the following empirical data were collected: minutes of teachers' creative group meetings on lesson planning, observation cards of A,B,C students, data of input/output questionnaires of high school students (n=84) and reflexive analysis of CLIL teachers' teaching activities (n=48) by SWOT method. The materials for analysis were collected on the basis of 13 schools of Karaganda city, implementing programs or elements of CLIL teaching.The analysis of empirical data indicates the presence of fundamental methodological similarity, confirming the compatibility of the two approaches and their positive impact on the formation of functional literacy of high school students through the improvement of CLIL-teachers' professional practices. The results of students' self-assessment correlate with the results of output diagnostics conducted by teachers.
EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LASER ACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH QIGONG IN THE TREATMENT OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Vũ Thủy , PGS Vân
Published: July 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment of knee osteoarthritis by the laser acupuncture combined with Qigong. Subjects and research methods: A controlled clinical intervention was conducted on 70 patients with knee osteoarthritis, were divided into 2 groups. The research group was treated with the laser acupuncture combined with Qigong. The control group was treated with electroacupuncture combined with Qigong during a 21- days course of treatment. Results: The laser acupuncture combined with Qigong is effective in reducing the pain level according to VAS scale, improving knee function according to the WOMAC scale and increasing the range of knee motion (p<0.01). The treatment results: the good results was 48.6%, quite good was 45.7%, average was 5.7%, there were no ineffective results; equivalent to the group treated with electroacupuncture combined with Qigong, (p>0.05). Conclution: laser acupuncture combined with Qigong have effective in treatment of knee osteoarthritis.
Proposta de cardápios para alimentação escolar com espécies nativas da biodiversidade brasileira
Authors: Reis Páulia Maria Cardoso Lima , Chikuji Daiane Yumi da Silva
Published: July 2024

O incentivo da utilização de frutas, hortaliças e sementes da biodiversidade brasileira, em cardápios da alimentação escolar, pode promover mudanças substanciais em direção a padrões alimentares saudáveis e sustentáveis. A pesquisa objetivou elaborar cardápios de lanche da tarde, para crianças de três a cinco anos da Educação Infantil, utilizando espécies nativas da sociobiodiversidade brasileira, e que atendam aos parâmetros do PNAE. Os cardápios foram elaborados com base nas 94 espécies nativas da sociobiodiversidade de valor alimentício. Foram elaborados cinco cardápios para o lanche da tarde que fornece 20% das necessidades nutricionais do dia. Considerando a variedade alimentar, foram selecionadas duas preparações doces, duas salgadas e uma bebida. As espécies selecionadas como ingredientes foram: araçá, butiá, pinhão, taioba e pitanga. As preparações culinárias foram: geleia de araçá, biscoito doce de butiá, biscoito salgado de pinhão, pesto de taioba e bebida de pitanga com leite. Constatou-se que as espécies da biodiversidade brasileira são ricas em nutrientes e contribuem para o alcance dos valores energéticos indicados pelo PNAE para os cardápios no âmbito escolar, sendo alternativas alimentares saudáveis e sustentáveis.
Evaluation of How Financial Performance Affects Profitability
Authors: Sari Anggi Puspita
Published: July 2024

The goal of this research project is to find out if the profitability of PT Bank Muamalat Tbk is influenced by financial ratios. The research sample, chosen by the application of purposive sampling, consists of the financial statements of PT Bank Muamalat Tbk from 1998 to 2021. In this study, data is processed using the Least Squares (LS) Method, and multiple linear regression tests are utilized to examine conventional assumptions. Eviews 12 is the data processing software utilized in this instance. The study's findings demonstrate that there is no appreciable relationship between Bank Muamalat Indonesia's ROA profitability and the financial parameters FRD, BOPO, NIM, or CAR. The profitability of Bank Muamalat Indonesia is significantly impacted by the non-performing financing (NPF Nett) financial ratio.
Implementation of Salam and Istishna’ Contracts in Islamic Financial Institutions
Authors: Ibad Badruddin
Published: July 2024

Islamic financial institutions are continually innovating in the field of financing, one of which is through salam and istishna' contracts. The implementation of these contracts holds significant potential to benefit society, particularly in agriculture and housing sectors. However, obstacles persist in the regulations and policies supporting the implementation of these contracts, alongside a lack of understanding and awareness among the public regarding the concepts and advantages of salam and istishna' contracts. This research utilizes a literature study method by gathering data from academic sources and journals that delve into the concepts of buying and selling within Islamic finance, specifically salam and istishna' contracts. The research aims not only to identify the potential of salam and istishna' contracts in facilitating the agricultural and housing sectors but also to analyze the barriers hindering the implementation of these contracts. The findings demonstrate that salam and istishna' contracts hold significant potential in facilitating financing and investment in agricultural and housing sectors. The implementation of salam contracts can provide easier and more affordable access to financing for farmers, while istishna' contracts can serve as housing financing instruments in line with Sharia principles. However, hurdles remain in the implementation of salam and istishna' contracts, such as a lack of public understanding and supportive regulations. Therefore, efforts are necessary to enhance public understanding of the concepts and benefits of salam and istishna' contracts, along with clear regulations to support the implementation of these contracts within Islamic financial institutions
Les déclinaisons des fables animalières de Benjamin Rabier, symbole des prémices d’un nouveau système médiatique
Authors: Bahuaud Myriam , de Bideran Jessica
Published: July 2024

Si Benjamin Rabier (1864–1939) demeure aujourd’hui associé à La vache qui rit et, plus largement, à toute une iconographie animalière, l’ensemble de sa production est loin de se limiter à un seul support et révèle un univers complexe que nous qualifions a posteriori d’intermédiatique. Ce texte suit la construction progressive de cet univers à l’aune de la fable. Nous montrons ainsi que si ce genre a été exploité par Rabier, sous forme illustrée essentiellement, celui-ci a aussi su s’en détacher pour profiter de toutes les occasions offertes par les mutations sociales, artistiques, techniques, politiques et économiques de son époque, participant de fait aux prémices d’un nouveau système médiatique.
Les personnages fabulateurs dans l’oeuvre de Pedro Almodóvar. Une poétique du désir
Authors: Mauffrey Nathalie
Published: July 2024

Par l’analyse des personnages fabulateurs dans l’oeuvre du cinéaste Pedro Almodóvar, puisant dans l’analyse textuelle, l’esthétique, la théorie du personnage au cinéma et la philosophie, cette étude trace les modalités sémiologique, esthétique et éthique d’une poétique de la fabulation, placée sous le signe de l’authenticité et du désir. Elle fait du personnage filmique un lieu où la fiction travaille le réel pour objectiver les subjectivités plurielles et dire vrai.
L’élan de fabulation à l’oeuvre chez Pierre Perrault
Authors: Charest Johanne
Published: July 2024

Cet article cherche à définir l’élan de fabulation observé dans les écrits réflexifs du cinéaste québécois Pierre Perrault alors qu’il se trouve dans une posture de réception des figures animales de son oeuvre documentaire. Relevant d’altérités relatives et radicales, ces « corps fabuleux » induisent un mouvement de la pensée du poète-cinéaste qui, dès lors, est pris en flagrant délit d’invention, lui qui pourtant souhaite être au plus près du réel.
Détours fabuleux de l’analyse de films
Authors: Costa Fabienne
Published: July 2024

Sans prétendre élaborer une catégorie, je voudrais repérer une pratique particulière de l’analyse de films dans laquelle la fable s’immisce et participe d’une interprétation par détours, occasionnant parfois une métamorphose des oeuvres dans l’optique de les comprendre autrement — de biais.

En décentrant les oeuvres, le commentaire frise parfois l’extrapolation, augurant une probabilité d’analyse pour autant qu’il ne verse pas dans l’approximation hasardeuse ou dans la seule posture scripturale sans autre justification qu’une vaine séduction. Cet article se penche sur deux auteurs singuliers qui, concevant le film comme matière à récit, comme source d’imaginaire, embarquent, chacun à leur façon, l’analyse du côté de la fable. Laurent Fiévet en mettant l’oeuvre d’Alfred Hitchcock sous contrainte optique pour lui faire rejouer des épisodes connus de l’histoire de l’art; Hervé Aubron en confrontant le chaos du monde aux situations fabriquées par les films. Il s’agit de situer l’incursion de la fable, de pister son déroulement tout en interrogeant les stratégies stylistiques la rendant manifeste (ou latente). L’enjeu de ce texte est de réfléchir à la valeur heuristique de la fable.
Distribuição temporal e espacial dos casos de raiva animal no estado do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Souza Ilana Laryssa de Andrade , Silva Rillyan Andrielle Oliveira , De Melo Ubiratan Pereira , De Morais Leonardo Fiusa , Ferreira Cintia , Medeiros Fabíola de Souza , Higashi Cintia de Sousa , Bartelli Ana Paula
Published: July 2024

A raiva é uma das zoonoses mais antigas e letais que afeta a maioria dos mamíferos. Causada por um vírus de RNA neurotrópico pertencente à ordem Mononegavirales, família Rhabdoviridae e gênero Lyssavirus, denominado como Rabies virus (RABV), tem grande impacto na saúde pública. No Brasil é considerada uma doença endêmica, com distribuição bastante he-terogênea entre as regiões. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a distribuição temporal e espacial dos casos de raiva em animais domésticos e silvestres no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Para a análise da distribuição da raiva animal nos municípios do estado, foram utilizados dados obtidos do banco de dados da Secretaria de Saúde Pública do Rio Grande do Norte, gerados pelo gerenciador de ambiente laboratorial do Laboratório Central Dr. Almino Fernandes durante o período de setembro de 2013 a setembro de 2023. Os dados incluíam os resultados de exames realizados através das técnicas de imunofluorescência direta e inoculação intracerebral em camundongos. Em relação à distribuição dos registros de casos entre as diferentes espécies, os morcegos apresentaram a maior frequência de registros positivos e proporção com relação ao total de animais positivos no período do estudo (76,1% - equivalente a 389 de 511 casos), seguidos dos ruminantes (10,4% - 53/511), carnívoros silvestres (8,2% - 52/ 511), carnívoros domésticos (2,5% - 13/511), equídeos (2,3% - 12/511) e suínos (0,4% - 2/511). Os casos positivos se distribuíram em 86 dos 167 municípios que compõe o estado do Rio Grande do Norte, e os que apresentaram maiores índices de casos positivos foram Natal, Caicó e Santo Antônio, com frequências de 19,8%, 10%, e 8,8% dos casos, respectivamente. Os resultados obtidos alertam sobre a possibilidade de reintrodução da raiva em ambientes urbanos provenientes de reservatórios do ciclo silvestre, principalmente dos morcegos.
Radiographic assessment of proximal sesamoid bones in suckling and yearling Thoroughbred horses and its correlation to racing performance
Authors: Dubiella Amarildo , Coelho Bastos Luis Fernando , Cassou Fabiane , Romeiro Pollyanna , Michelotto Jr Pedro Vicente
Published: July 2024

Radiographic abnormalities are often observed in athletic horses and they can interfere with the performance of racehorses. The origin of changes in sesamoid bones, as well as their evolution or involution during animal growth, remain unknown. The aims of the present study are to radiographically assess proximal sesamoid bones in Thoroughbred horses at suckling and yearling stages, in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, as well as to investigate the influence of radiographic changes in these bones on animals’ sporting performance. In total, 86 animals were investigated at suckling and yearling stages, in 2012, based on the following radiographic projections: back 15º proximal-palmarodistal oblique, lateromedial, back 30o medial-palmaro/plantarolateral oblique and back 30o lateral-palmarolateral/plantarolateral oblique. Radiographic changes observed in animals’ sesamoid bones were scored from 0 to 4. The number of races and horses’ performance were classified based on a previously proposed score, by taking into consideration the official results of races held at hippodromes, which were obtained at the end of the study. Healthy horses without bone-related changes were attributed scores 0 and 1, whereas horses presenting bone-related changes were attributed scores 2, 3 and 4. Statistical analysis was based on Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests, at 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Radiographic changes were identified in 3.6% of 688 sesamoid bones analyzed at suckling stage and in 3.7% of bones analyzed at yearling stage. There was significant increase in the number of lateral sesamoid bones with abnormalities in animals’ thoracic and pelvic limbs, from the suckling to the yearling stage. The current findings have evidenced that radiographic changes in proximal sesamoid bones of Thoroughbred racehorses take place at suckling stage and that changes observed at yearling stage did not affect the number of races or animals’ performance.
Summoning the ghosts of the AnArchive
Authors: Wilke Tin
Published: July 2024

Memorial Matter is an artistic research project that shows the strong material condition of our digital culture which is based on millennia-old layers of deep time, containing the writing of terrestrial life. It is this geological foundation that the archive of our collective memory is inscribed in, from ancient to contemporary data technologies. In the context of the Human-Machine Fellowship 2023 at the Academy of the Arts in Berlin, this investigation combines analogue film and digital technology, utilizing a found archive of 16 mm film from the Cold War era. The film images reveal the use of industrial technology to extract natural resources through mining and automatization as a vision and goal of progress. Using artificial neural networks and biomaterials, the progressive imaginaries of the 20th century were interpreted by an AI and transformed into 3D Sculptures out of leftovers from the carbon era.
Imagined, observed, remembered
Authors: Blegvad Peter
Published: July 2024

Art encourages consciousness to relax the apartheid it normally enforces between these three faculties. It allows us to imagine “what if?” scenarios and to treat the impossible as real. Ambiguity and confusion – anathema to workaday logics – become aesthetic qualities to savour. And art itself produces feedback loops and interference between our own memories, observations and imaginings and those of others. Imagined, Observed, Remembered is an encyclopedic project that uses illustration to investigate, alter and expand consciousness.
Are we leaving no one behind? How gaps in program design increase vulnerability to forced labour among adolescent girls: Czy nikogo „nie zostawiliśmy z tyłu”? Jak luki we współczesnych programach przeciwdziałania niewolnictwu pozwalają na pracę przymusową nastoletnich dziewcząt w przemyśle odzieżowym i tekstylnym
Authors: Katharine Bryant  , Bernadette Joudo
Published: July 2024

This article will examine the efficacy of current programme services for adolescent girls at risk of forced labour through an analysis of Walk Free’s Promising Practices Database. The Database is a collection of evaluations of anti-slavery and counter-trafficking programmes since 2000, categorised by type of intervention, location of programme, and target population, among other terms. This article identifies what lessons can be learnt, if any, to both prevent and tackle the forced labour of adolescent girls, with a particular focus on the garment and textile industries. We examine a subset of the Promising Practices Database of 81 evaluations, where at least one component in programme design was targeted at adolescent girls. We find that, in line with other critiques of human trafficking research, most evaluations are disproportionately focussed on programmes tackling sex trafficking to the exclusion of other forms of forced labour. Based on two existing evaluations, and related programmes in the garment sector, we determine the importance of community-led, inclusive, rights-based awareness-raising and the need to tailor interventions specifically to the needs and life-stage of the target group.
The pandemic as an antidote to populism: Punishment, immobilisation, and COVID-19
Authors: Pratt John , Lutyens Daisy
Published: July 2024

The contemporary rise of populism across much of Western society – especially the Anglosphere countries that are the main focus of this article – has threatened many of the protections and freedoms provided by the post-1945 commitment to a democratic political order: guarantees of human rights, adherence to the rule of law, and a media that is free to criticise governments and hold them to account. Populism has also come to be associated with a very different penal programme from that which, for several decades after 1945, characterised a given society’s commitment to democracy. That pattern of justice – largely based on reason, liberalism, and expert knowledge – was significant beyond its operational boundaries. It symbolised the Western democratic order, standing out as a beacon of humanity against totalitarianism. The rise of populism, however, has helped to fashion a very different penal programme, associated with historic rises in imprisonment levels and the immobilisation of those who pose risks to public well-being – even if, in so doing, the foundations of criminal justice in the democratic world are undermined by the strategies employed. It might thus be supposed that governmental reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic pose a further threat to democracy and its criminal justice processes. Additional forms of immobilisation have been introduced to combat the spread of the virus: restrictions on freedom of movement in public spaces or stay-at-home orders equivalent to house arrest – controls which now cover entire nations rather than just individuals at risk of committing particular crimes. As such, this kind of ‘rule by decree’ might seem to be a blueprint for would-be autocrats wishing to subvert democratic processes and forms of accountability altogether. However, the article also argues that the pandemic provides very different possibilities of governance to populist authoritarianism. Indeed, the virus acts as an antidote to populism. COVID-19 has laughed in the face of populist demagogues. It shows them to be nothing more than incompetent, though usually malevolent, charlatans with some of the world’s highest infection and fatality rates in their societies. Instead of their empty populist blustering, the pandemic can only be eliminated by science and expert knowledge, acting in conjunction with a strong but accountable central government amidst forms of immobilisation to which the general public have largely acquiesced – strengthening rather than weakening social cohesion in the process in many instances. As the virus has eaten into the support for populism, the dangers which the latter posed to democratic order have also been pushed back. Previous pandemics have been followed by dramatic social and economic changes. Such changes post-COVID-19 may now sever the links between populism and penal development, allowing for a different and more restricted penal framework.
Protection of Christian values – penal populism or a rational decision on criminalization?
Authors: Sitarz Olga
Published: July 2024

Arguments referring to natural law, (public) morality, religion or Christian values are very often put forward in debates on the existing or planned criminal law provisions criminalizing specific behavior. A prohibition on behavior contrary to the scriptures or the teaching of the Church on pain of criminal penalties encompasses not only abortion, but also euthanasia, (paid) surrogate motherhood, paid donation of organs for transplantation, sterilization, contraception, prostitution and bigamy. The arguments presented for the protection of Christian values are oftentimes correlated with the protection of human dignity. This article seeks to address the issue whether such a "pre-legislative" measure (reliance on the protection of Christian values) is a form of penal populism. Parliamentary and non-parliamentary discussions conducted during work on the particular provisions of the Criminal Code were form the basis for analysis, with particular emphasis placed on arguments in favor of criminalization of the aforementioned behavior. The findings were confronted with the concept of legal interest in criminal law and the concept of human dignity in the Polish legal system (and its place in repressive law). The said "religious values" and the need to protect them were subject to analysis conducted against this background and underpinned by the constitutional principle of proportionality of the limitation of human rights and freedoms. The operational tools were not only established definitions of populism, including penal populism, and a Weber’s ideal type, i.e. a set of empirically perceived properties of populist style and perspective, sometimes called "the populist syndrome." The ultimate objective of this article was to establish whether the cases under analysis involve religious populism or a rational decision on criminalization.
The compensatory remedy against criminal populism
Authors: Oancea Gabriel , Neculcea Silvia Andreea
Published: July 2024

The Romanian prison system faces several systemic problems such as overcrowding, inadequate conditions of detention, a shortage of staff, especially medical and holding unit guards, and the high frequency of deaths. In many cases, prisoners have complained about infringement of their rights to the European Court of Human Rights, which has repeatedly ordered the Romanian State to pay them compensation. Compensation was significant, and the amounts paid by the Romanian state in the period 2013–2017 total around 5 million euros. Given that the implementation of substantial reforms to help improve detention conditions kept being postponed, in 2017 the ECHR issued a pilot decision (Rezmiveş et al. vs. Romania) suspending prosecution of approximately 8,000 outstanding cases concerning detention conditions, calling on the state to take measures to reduce overcrowding and improve detention conditions. In this respect, a period of six months was granted, during which the Romanian government was to present a plan for the implementation of measures aimed at achieving these objectives. In the short term, the Ministry of Justice and the National Administration of Penitentiaries introduced a compensatory measure which consisted of reducing the total sentence by 6 days for each 30 days executed under improper conditions, the aim being to speed up the process of releasing of prisoners and, therefore, to reduce overcrowding. The law by which the compensatory measure was introduced became the subject of heated debates in Romanian society, with print and online media campaigns being triggered, where this measure was presented as one that “keeps offenders out of prison”, often highlighting cases of former prisoners who had benefited from the provisions of this law and then reoffended. Nevertheless, the non-existent post-detention support given to former prisoners by the Romanian State needs to be taken into consideration. The reaction of the political class was to repeal the normative act, without any alternative measures being implemented. The article aims to carry out an analysis of the realism of these measures, of the context that caused these measures to be taken, and of the debates that existed in society and among the political class, underlining the specific elements of penal populism. The impact of these measures on the prison system will also be analysed.
How neoclassical criminology, penal populism and COVID-19 helped to escalate the repressiveness of criminal law – the case of Poland
Authors: Woźniakowska-Fajst Dagmara , Witkowska-Rozpara Katarzyna
Published: July 2024

Since almost the very beginning of the 21st century, the prevalent criminal policy in Poland has been punitive, seeking to solve almost all problems related to crime by means of one solution, i.e. more severe penalties. At the same time, for more than 20 years political power has been wielded by conservative parties. It will come as no surprise that neoclassical criminology, with its retributive approach to punishment and repeated invocation of a social sense of justice, appeals most to a conservative government. Neoclassical criminology is also a good starting point for creating a penal offer typical of penal populism. In this article we analyse the latest changes in law related to the amendment of the Penal Code in June 2019. Although the amendment did not enter into force, it triggered operations aimed at tightening criminal law, with some of the changes proposed in the amendment adopted with the introduction of anti-crisis acts related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Algorithm-driven populism: An introduction
Authors: Ayres França Leandro , Ferreira de Abreu Carlos Adalberto
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces the concept of algorithm-driven populism, considering whether it has a consonant or a conflicting relation with liberal democracy. The overall argument is that social media platforms are not just new media used by populists; algorithms have co-constituted a new form of populism. Based on a literature review that connected different fields of research together in order to elucidate the relation between populism and digital media, this article details a few important features of social media platforms, examining how they set up specific affordances that endanger the values of liberal democracy.
Intuitionistic fuzzy implications revisited. Part 2
Authors: Angelova Nora ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Sofia University, Szmidt Eulalia , Kacprzyk Janusz , Atanassov Krassimir ,   Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences,   Warsaw School of Information Technology,   Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences,   Warsaw School of Information Technology,   Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

New conditions for correctness of the intuitionistic fuzzy implications are formulated and they are checked for the separate implications.
Drosophila HCN mediates gustatory homeostasis by preserving sensillar transepithelial potential in sweet environments
Authors: Lee MinHyuk , Park Se Hoon , Joo Kyeung Min , Kwon Jae Young , Lee Kyung-Hoon , Kang KyeongJin
Published: July 2024

Establishing transepithelial ion disparities is crucial for sensory functions in animals. In insect sensory organs called sensilla, a transepithelial potential, known as the sensillum potential (SP), arises through active ion transport across accessory cells, sensitizing receptor neurons such as mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors. Because multiple receptor neurons are often co-housed in a sensillum and share SP, niche-prevalent overstimulation of single sensory neurons can compromise neighboring receptors by depleting SP. However, how such potential depletion is prevented to maintain sensory homeostasis remains unknown. Here, we find that the Ih-encoded hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel bolsters the activity of bitter-sensing gustatory receptor neurons (bGRNs), albeit acting in sweet-sensing GRNs (sGRNs). For this task, HCN maintains SP despite prolonged sGRN stimulation induced by the diet mimicking their sweet feeding niche, such as overripe fruit. We present evidence that Ih-dependent demarcation of sGRN excitability is implemented to throttle SP consumption, which may have facilitated adaptation to a sweetness-dominated environment. Thus, HCN expressed in sGRNs serves as a key component of a simple yet versatile peripheral coding that regulates bitterness for optimal food intake in two contrasting ways: sweet-resilient preservation of bitter aversion and the previously reported sweet-dependent suppression of bitter taste.
A genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen identifies calreticulin as a selective repressor of ATF6α
Authors: Tung Joanne , Huang Lei , George Ginto , Harding Heather P , Ron David , Ordonez Adriana
Published: July 2024

Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) is one of three endoplasmic reticulum (ER) transmembrane stress sensors that mediate the unfolded protein response (UPR). Despite its crucial role in long-term ER stress adaptation, regulation of ATF6 alpha (α) signalling remains poorly understood, possibly because its activation involves ER-to-Golgi and nuclear trafficking. Here, we generated an ATF6α/Inositol-requiring kinase 1 (IRE1) dual UPR reporter CHO-K1 cell line and performed an unbiased genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis screen to systematically profile genetic factors that specifically contribute to ATF6α signalling in the presence and absence of ER stress. The screen identified both anticipated and new candidate genes that regulate ATF6α activation. Among these, calreticulin (CRT), a key ER luminal chaperone, selectively repressed ATF6α signalling: Cells lacking CRT constitutively activated a BiP::sfGFP ATF6α-dependent reporter, had higher BiP levels and an increased rate of trafficking and processing of ATF6α. Purified CRT interacted with the luminal domain of ATF6α in vitro and the two proteins co-immunoprecipitated from cell lysates. CRT depletion exposed a negative feedback loop implicating ATF6α in repressing IRE1 activity basally and overexpression of CRT reversed this repression. Our findings indicate that CRT, beyond its known role as a chaperone, also serves as an ER repressor of ATF6α to selectively regulate one arm of the UPR.
T-follicular helper cells are epigenetically poised to transdifferentiate into T-regulatory type 1 cells
Authors: Garnica Josep , Sole Patricia , Yamanouchi Jun , Moro Joel , Mondal Debajyoti , Fandos Cesar , Serra Pau , Santamaria Pere
Published: July 2024

Chronic antigenic stimulation can trigger the formation of interleukin 10 (IL-10)-producing T-regulatory type 1 (TR1) cells in vivo. We have recently shown that murine T-follicular helper (TFH) cells are precursors of TR1 cells and that the TFH-to-TR1 cell transdifferentiation process is characterized by the progressive loss and acquisition of opposing transcription factor gene expression programs that evolve through at least one transitional cell stage. Here, we use a broad range of bulk and single-cell transcriptional and epigenetic tools to investigate the epigenetic underpinnings of this process. At the single-cell level, the TFH-to-TR1 cell transition is accompanied by both, downregulation of TFH cell-specific gene expression due to loss of chromatin accessibility, and upregulation of TR1 cell-specific genes linked to chromatin regions that remain accessible throughout the transdifferentiation process, with minimal generation of new open chromatin regions. By interrogating the epigenetic status of accessible TR1 genes on purified TFH and conventional T-cells, we find that most of these genes, including Il10, are already poised for expression at the TFH cell stage. Whereas these genes are closed and hypermethylated in Tconv cells, they are accessible, hypomethylated, and enriched for H3K27ac-marked and hypomethylated active enhancers in TFH cells. These enhancers are enriched for binding sites for the TFH and TR1-associated transcription factors TOX-2, IRF4, and c-MAF. Together, these data suggest that the TR1 gene expression program is genetically imprinted at the TFH cell stage.
CSR AND COSMETIC STANDARDS OF RETAIL CHAINS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS FOR CARROT PRODUCERS. CASE STUDY
Authors: BIENIEK-MAJKA Maryla
Published: July 2024

Representatives of retail chains emphasize in their statements how much importance they attach to conducting business according to the idea of CSR, especially in terms of limiting the amount of food wasted. On the other hand, when presenting product specifications to food producers, they require them to provide products that comply with specific standards. The aim of this article is to present the potential financial loss for the surveyed producers resulting from aesthetic/cosmetic losses at the stage of primary carrot production. The source material was subject literature, accounting documentation for the years 2019–2022, and information obtained during expert interviews with carrot producers. The size of the losses was presented based on the mass balance index. It was found that only 43.86% of the collected raw material is sold as a full-value product (accepted by retail chains).
THE CENTRAL CYBERCRIME BUREAU AS A NEW POLICE SERVICE ESTABLISHED TO COMBAT CYBERCRIME
Authors: POMYKAŁA Marta
Published: July 2024

In 2022, a new police service, namely, the crime-fighting service, was created. The Central Cybercrime Bureau was also established as an organizational unit of the police, which is responsible for recognizing and combating crimes committed using IT systems, ICT systems, or ICT networks and preventing such crimes, as well as detecting and prosecuting their perpetrators. The aim of this paper is to assess the validity of separating the cyber police in the structure of the Polish Police and to analyze its place and role in the cyber security system. Subjects under consideration include the tasks and powers of the new service, problems related to the selection of qualified officers with specialized IT knowledge, and the problem of providing infrastructure enabling the effective implementation of the entrusted tasks. The research methods used in the paper are the dogmatic-legal method and the theoretical-legal method.
Epidemiological Assessment of Animal Bite Injury and Rabies Post Exposure Prophylaxis in Kisumu County, Kenya
Authors: Peter Omemo
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Animal bite injury of humans provide an important source of epidemiological information which is crucial in enhancing rabies surveillance in humans and animals. Rabies post exposure prophylaxis consumes substantial resources, time and   exerts a lot of financial burden on the victims. The overall aim of this study was to conduct a rapid  epidemiological appraisal of animal bite injury and rabies post exposure prophylaxis in Kisumu County, Kenya in order to inform the ongoing rabies prevention and control strategies in the County.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 32 administrative units (Sub-locations or wards) in Kisumu County, Kenya. Data was collected from outpatient department (OPD) registers in four peri-urban health centres in Kisumu East Sub County, Kenya. An integration of epidemiological tools for disease mapping was applied in the study. Quantum Geographic Information System was used to create a thematic map and spatial distribution of the animal bite injuries in Kisumu County.
Results: There were 133 (63%) males and 78(37%) female cases. The range in age was 11 – 40 years.  Dog bite injury were highest 63(29.9%) among 11-17 years’ age group, while 49(23.2%) were aged between 18-24 years. Majority, (87.2 %) of the animal bite injuries were inflicted by domestic dogs. Wild dogs/stray dogs contributed 8.1% of the total number of animal bite injury cases. Cats and unknown animals contributed 1.4% and 3.3 respectively. The epidemiological curve showed that more than one case of animal bite injury occurred daily in Kisumu County between June and December, 2019 with the highest daily figure being 7. The study revealed the need to strengthen animal bite injury and rabies prevention and control strategies in Kisumu County.
Conclusion: The rabies prevention and control strategies in Kisumu   County should be built on the “One Health” approach with special focus on strengthening the rabies surveillance system in both human and animal population in order to collect accurate and reliable epidemiological data.
Innovative Approaches in Crop Genetic Engineering for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review
Authors: Lallawmkimi Michelle C. , P Ashoka. , Veda D J M S N K Sri , Yadav Akash , B Dhivya. , Kumar Manoj , Rout Ankita
Published: July 2024

Genetic engineering has transformed modern agriculture, offering solutions to enhance crop productivity, resilience, and nutritional quality. This review explores the innovations and challenges in crop genetic engineering, focusing on key techniques such as CRISPR-Cas systems, RNA interference, and transgenic methods. These technologies have facilitated the development of stress-resilient crops capable of withstanding drought, salinity, heat, and cold, thereby supporting agricultural sustainability in the face of climate change. Nutrient use efficiency has been improved through genetic modifications that enhance nitrogen and phosphorus uptake, reducing the reliance on chemical fertilizers and minimizing environmental impacts. Additionally, genetic engineering has advanced pest and disease resistance, decreasing the need for chemical pesticides and contributing to environmental conservation. However, the adoption of genetically modified crops is influenced by various socioeconomic factors, including public perception, regulatory frameworks, and intellectual property rights. Ethical concerns regarding biosafety, labeling, and consumer choice persist, necessitating transparent communication and robust risk assessments. Despite technical challenges such as off-target effects and resistance development, innovations like base and prime editing, as well as synthetic biology, offer promising avenues for more precise and efficient genetic modifications. Future research should prioritize the development of climate-resilient and nutritionally enhanced crops, with an emphasis on biofortification to address global micronutrient deficiencies. Integrating digital technologies such as machine learning and big data analytics can accelerate trait discovery and optimize breeding strategies. Moreover, exploring the synergy between genetic engineering and sustainable agricultural practices can promote resilient farming systems that ensure long-term productivity and environmental health. By addressing technical, ethical, and social considerations, genetic engineering can significantly contribute to global food security and sustainability, providing a foundation for future agricultural advancements in an ever-changing world.
Estimation of Genetic Variability and Diversity of a Wild Legume Vigna stipulacea (Lam.) Kuntz to Unravel its Fodder Potential
Authors: Manasa S Sri , G Gayathri , K Arya , Thomas Usha C , A Adheena Ram
Published: July 2024

To figure out the potential of Vigna stipulacea (Lam.) Kuntz for fodder yield, variability and diversity present in population was assessed by including thirty genotypes in randomized block design with three replications. High genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was reported for number of secondary branches plant-1, number of nodes plant-1, internodal length, green fodder yield plot-1, dry fodder yield plot-1, leaf dry weight plant-1, stem dry weight plant-1, plant height, Leaf area index (LAI) and leaf stem ratio (LSR). As there was high GCV, direct selection of these characters is feasible. High heritability combined with high genetic advance was observed for number of secondary branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, number of nodes plant-1, internodal length, green fodder yield plot-1, dry fodder yield plot-1, leaf dry weight plant-1, stem dry weight plant-1, seed yield plant-1, plant height, LAI and LSR implying that these traits were controlled by additive gene action where direct selection is possible. Based on cluster analysis, genotypes were grouped into five clusters and highest inter-cluster distance was found between clusters II and V implying greater divergence between cluster genotypes and can be considered as parents for hybridization. Cluster V and IV exhibited highest mean values for various traits contributing to fodder yield, genotypes belonged to these clusters can be utilized as parents for improving fodder yield of Vigna stipulacea.
Knowledge of Infertility: Its Causes, Risk Factors, and Treatments among Infertile Rural Indian Women Who are Seeking Treatment for their Childlessness
Authors: Kumari Neelam , Yadav Poonam
Published: July 2024

Aims: To assess the knowledge regarding infertility its causes, risk factors, diagnosis and treatments of infertile women who are receiving treatment or have taken treatments for infertility.
Study Design: Descriptive research study.
Place and Duration of Study: Two districts of Haryana state i.e. Rewari and Hisar were randomly selected, and the data were collected between November 2022 and June 2023.
Methodology: The study respondents were 200 infertile women seeking treatment or have taken treatment for their childlessness; the age range 22-42 years were interviewed using pretested self-structured interview schedules. 
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 29.86 years. Less than half (48.7%) understood the correct meaning of infertility, 170(44%) agreed that witchcraft could cause infertility while 230(59%) disagreed that infertility could be prevented. Two hundred and sixty (67%) and 283 (73%) of the respondents had good knowledge and perception towards infertility respectively.
Conclusion: Respondents’ knowledge regarding infertility its causes, risk factors, diagnosis and treatments were suboptimal in this study. By focusing on specific fertility education and raising public awareness of the condition's causes and risk factors, we can potentially reduce the prevalence of this condition.
Interventions for Infants and Toddlers at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Rogers Sally J. , Vismara Laurie
Published: March 2014

The increasing focus on toddler screening for ASD accentuates the need for intervention approaches tailored to this age group. Federal requirements for intervention for children under 3 have unique requirements, among them being a special emphasis on parent and family needs, a focus on ecologically valid learning in natural contexts, and interdisciplinary teams, requirements that may or may not be present in intervention models for older children with ASD. This chapter reviews those requirements and reviews the efficacy data for group‐based, therapist‐based, and parent‐implemented interventions for children younger than 3.