bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REGIME DE PROTEÇÃO DOS REQUERENTES DE ASILO E REFUGIADOS NA LEI 10/15 DE 17 DE JUNHO, LEI SOBRE O DIREITO DE ASILO E O ESTATUTO DO REFUGIADO EM ANGOLA
Authors: Chico Avelino
Published: March 2021

Depois da guerra civil, Angola tem acolhido solicitantes de asilo e refugiados oriundos de várias partes de África. Para proteger estes indivíduos, foram aprovados uma série de leis. Entre elas figura a constituição (CRA 2010) que ressalta o princípio da igualdade de tratamento e o desfrute dos mesmos direitos entre o cidadão nacional e os estrangeiros que se encontram em Angola. Também se perfila a Lei 10/15 de 17 de Junho. Esta norma foi objeto de análise deste artigo. A Lei 10/15, lei sobre o direito de asilo e estatuto de refugiado, atribui direitos e deveres aos requerentes de asilo e refugiados: direito à educação, documento de identidade, intérprete, justiça, trabalho e acomodação. Por sua vez, eles têm a obrigação de respeitar as normas de Angola e não imiscuir-se nos assuntos políticos do país. Mas, muitos destes direitos não são respeitados. Os requerentes de asilo e refugiados carecem de documento de identificação e, dessa maneira, não podem aceder ao trabalho. Como resultado, muitos se encontram no setor informal, outros são sistematicamente violados. Daí que o regime de proteção carece de implementação.
LA EXPERIENCIA MÉDICA DE CUBA EN ÁFRICA SUBSAHARIANA: SU CONTRIBUCIÓN CONTRA LA COVID-19
Authors: González Yoslán Silverio
Published: March 2021

La cooperación médica ha sido uno de los pilares fundamentales de la política exterior de Cuba. En este sentido, África ha sido una de las regiones más beneficiadas con la exportación de servicios médicos cubanos. Una de las dimensiones de esta cooperación ha sido el enfrentamiento a enfermedades prevenibles como la malaria a través de la transferencia de tecnología y medicamentos, la formación en Cuba de personal médico mediante un amplio programa de becas a estudiantes africanos y la creación de facultades de medicina en varios países de África con el propósito de contribuir también con dicha formación profesional. El prestigio de esta colaboración ha contribuido al fortalecimiento de los vínculos políticos-diplomáticos entre Cuba y África. Esta cooperación alcanzó una nueva dimensión tras el estallido de la pandemia de la Covid-19, cuando Cuba, tras un pedido de varios gobiernos africanos, decidió ampliar la presencia de su personal de salud en el continente. Fue así que se activó el Contingente Internacional de Médicos Especializados en Situaciones de Desastre y Graves Epidemias Henry Reeve. En este contexto seis brigadas médicas partieron hacia Angola, Togo, Cabo Verde, Sudáfrica, Guinea y Guinea-Bisáu para totalizar 505 profesionales de la salud cubanos que se sumaron a los miles de médicos que ya trabajaban en África.
Educação em direitos humanos, drogas e redução de danos
Authors: Alvarenga Rodrigo , Soares Gabrielle Martignago
Published: March 2021

Essa pesquisa-ação buscou compreender a visão de adolescentes da periferia de Curitiba sobre a violência e o uso abusivo de álcool e outras drogas por meio de uma abordagem de educação em direitos humanos. O objetivo foi conhecer como a juventude exposta a um cotidiano de violência e drogadição vivencia e se expressa nessa realidade. Além disso, procurou-se avaliar se a educação em direitos humanos pode ser uma estratégia de redução dos danos sociais e psíquicos para adolescentes em territórios vulneráveis. Para isso, realizaram-se seis abordagens com os jovens e trabalharam-se temas relacionados a direitos humanos, drogas e violência. Como resultado constatou-se que a vulnerabilidade social atua como fator de angústia e sofrimento, principalmente sob o aspecto do racismo, e esse contexto potencializa os riscos para o uso problemático de álcool e outras drogas.
Literacia mediática e publicidade
Authors: Tavares Mirian Nogueira , Martins Thiago Garcia
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma aproximação dos conceitos de media literacy com análises de audiovisuais e suas narrativas publicitárias. A publicidade sempre recorreu a diferentes mídias para divulgar/difundir os seus conteúdos, por isso acreditamos que é muito importante perceber as alterações nas relações entre consumidores e produtores de conteúdos na era das mídias digitais. Dentre as linguagens das quais a publicidade se utiliza, destacamos a cinematográfica/audiovisual que é, por natureza, a arte de contar histórias (storytelling). Para tanto, apresentamos a análise de um audiovisual da marca Dove, usando as ferramentas teóricas propostas por nós neste estudo.
Urban Arterial Travel Time Evaluation using Bluetooth Data
Authors: ALTINTAŞI Oruç , BALCI Mehmet Eray , ÖZEN Murat
Published: March 2021

Reliable estimation of speed or travel time (TT) of an urban arterial is the fundamental task for better management of the traffic. Traditionally, such data are collected via loop detectors, inductive loops, video cameras, but their installation cost were not always allowed to locate every specific point. Recently, Bluetooth (BT) technology has been widely used as a traffic data source due to the i) low installation cost, and ii) providing continuous data even 24-h period. The principle of BT-based traffic data is simply capturing the timestamped of the unique Media Access Control (MAC) of Bluetooth devices. Detecting the same MAC addresses from multiple different locations enabled to estimate the Origin and Destination (O-D) of the trips and travel time information. This study evaluates the distribution of TT information from different perspectives in which BT-based traffic data were obtained from five consecutive signalized intersections located in Mersin, Turkey during morning peak hours of 07:30-09:30 for the two weekdays. The results indicated that the data had considerable success in estimating travel times and urban traffic monitoring with adequate sampling rates. However, the filtering process must be carefully handled to distinguish the motorized movements from non-motorized ones.
Mentesítő rendszerek fejlesztése Magyarországon a NATO-csatlakozást követően III. rész
Authors: Zsitnyányi Attila
Published: March 2021

A tanulmány első két részében a szerző bemutatta a rendszerváltást követően Magyarország fegyveres testületeinél és hivatásos katasztrófavédelmi szervezeteinél alkalmazásba vett különböző mentesítő megoldásokat. Az érdeklődők megismerhették a különböző rendszerek képességeit, főbb összetevőit és kapacitásait, emellett az alkalmazási területeik rendszerezésére és összehasonlítására is sor került. A tanulmány harmadik része rávilágít a főbb képességhiányokra, és ismerteti a nemzetközi együttműködések során kidolgozott új koncepciókat, fejlesztési irányokat, lehetőségeket.
Az RDC III dozimetriai rendszer alkalmazhatóságának vizsgálata, 20 évvel a modernizálása után II. rész
Authors: Gyulai Gábor
Published: March 2021

A szerző a tanulmány előző részében röviden összefoglalta az RDC III harcászati személyi dozimetriai rendszer eredeti, valamint felújítás utáni képességeit. Dr. Gyulai Gábor – az akkori Haditechnikai Intézet munkatársaként –, az első részben ismertetett modernizációs projekt témafelelőse volt. A szakember a közelmúltban a Gamma Műszaki Zrt. bázisán, 400 db RDC III D doziméter felhasználásával megvizsgálta a rendelkezésére bocsátott 4 db RDC III AGM készüléket (készletet). A tanulmány második része a 2020-ban végrehajtott vizsgálatokról, azok eredményeiről, illetve az eredményekből levonható következtetésekről szól.
KULIAH KERJA NYATA MAHASISWA ITS SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT SIAP MENGHADAPI ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: Hermanto Hermanto
Published: March 2021

Abstrak Sebagai agent of change mahasiswa dituntut tidak hanya memiliki ilmu dan keahlian sesuai dengan bidangnya, tetapi juga siap untuk terjun ke dalam masyarakat mengimplementasikan ilmu dan keterampilan yang mereka milliki, membantu menyelesaikan permasalahan riil yang sedang dihadapi masyarakat atau memberi pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada masyarakat supaya mereka bisa hidup lebih baik. Untuk memenuhi tuntutan tersebut institut teknologi sepuluh nopember (ITS) menyelenggarakan program kuliah kerja nyata (KKN) kepada mahasiswa. Sesuai dengan wilayah keilmuan mahasiswa yang berbasis pada teknologi dan aplikasinya, maka kegiatan KKN juga bertema teknologi serta aplikasinya sehingga kegiatan-kegiatan KKN di dalam masyarakat juga tidak lepas dari tema teknologi dan aplikasinya. Dengan demikian, KKN ITS menjadi sarana yang tepat untuk membantu masyarakat menghadapi era revolusi industri sekarang ini di mana teknologi dan aplikasinya menjadi inti keberlangsungannya. Kata Kunci: pemberdayaan masyarakat, KKN tematik, penerapan teknologi, revolusi industri Abstract As agents of change, students are required not only to have knowledge and expertise in their fields, but they must also be ready to be in the community to implement the knowledge and skills they have, help solve real problems faced by the community or provide knowledge and skills to the community so they can lead better life. To meet these goals, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November (ITS) conducted community service program (KKN) for students to communities. In line with ITS students’ background, the themes of KKN were related with technology and its applications, so that the KKN activities in the community were also inseparable from the theme of technology and its application. Thus, KKN ITS is the right medium to help the community in facing the current era of the industrial revolution in which technology and its application serve as its core. Keywords: community empowerment, Thematic Community service program, technology and its application, industrial revolution
UPAYA MEMASYARAKATKAN ASTRONOMI MELALUI ASTRONOMY IN CAR FREE DAY (CFD) DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Yasrina Atsnaita , Affriyenni Yessi , Utomo Joko , Yogiharti Chusnana Insjaf , Narariya Almira Sifak Fauziah , Fajrin Amiya , Factirohmani Angie Safitri
Published: March 2021

Astronomi lahir dari kebutuhan masyarakat seperti di bidang pertanian, dan kelautan. Akan tetapi masyarakat sendiri belum banyak yang mengenal fenomena astronomi dan cenderung membangun mitos-mitos tentan fenomena tersebut, Upaya mengenalkan astronomi perlu dilakukan kepada masyrakat. Akademisi telah banyak mengenalkan astronomi akan tetapi masih sebatas di sekolah. Mengenalkan astronomi kepada masyrakat yang lebih luas dilakukan dengan memafaatkan kegiatan Car Free Day (CFD) sebagai contoh di CFD di kota Malang. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah mengedukasi masyarakat tentang fenomena astronomi, dan pengamatan Matahari dengan teleksop dan kaca mata Matahari, Masyaarkat memberi respon melalui kuisioner dengan skala likert. Respon masyarakat sangat baik, dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 3,53. Sebanyak 95.83% responden menyatakan perlu selalu diadakan kegiatan ini kembali.
O LUGAR DA CULTURA E DA IDENTIDADE NA FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE LÍNGUA
Authors: De Jesus Teixeira Junior Nelson , Teixeira de Carvalho Maria Elia dos Santos
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo visa discutir a experiência do estudante de Letras enquanto momento de constituição das identidades e das percepções culturais por meio da língua. Esse momento de experimentação da constituição identitária do cursista de Letras, o qual ocupa um entre-lugar de vivência em condições fronteiriças entre aquele que estuda e aquele que ensina, ocorre durante o uso e a reflexão em torno da língua. Nessa condição de constituição das identidades, discutiremos sobre como ocorre essa experiência, dando destaque ao componente curricular de Estágio e suas especificidades. Como fundamentação teórica usada durante as problematizações apontadas e refletidas, recorremos a algumas postulações de Bakhtin (2013), de Hall (2005), de Bhabha (2003), da BNCC (2018) dentre outros pensadores e/ou documentos oficiais.
PENGEMBANGAN E-RAPORT KURIKULUM 2013 BERBASIS WEB PADA SMA TUNAS MEKAR INDONESIA
Authors: Puspaningrum Ajeng Savitri , Neneng Neneng , Saputri Intan , Ariany Fenty
Published: March 2021

SMA Tunas Mekar Indonesia is one of Lampung Province schools that uses the 2013 curriculum. The assessment reporting process of student learning skills and achievement by teachers uses report cards that are distributed to parents at the end of each semester. In the managing the report card data process, there are several obstacles, namely the obstruction of grade recapitulation because the subject teacher is late in sending student grades, it takes a long time in managing grades because the processing value data done repeatedly from the attendance recap report then the application of Microsoft Excel and the report books are recapitulated by staff allows data writing errors. The solution developed for this problem is to build a Web-Based E-Report Card Application that will help SMA Tunas Mekar Indonesia by simplifying and accelerating teachers and homeroom teachers in assessing student learning outcomes reports process on inputting student scores. In this application, teachers and homeroom teachers no longer need to send assessment data via email, because the data entered is already integrated with other data. So that it doesn't take a long time to enter student grades, and minimize the damage and loss of report card data. The application built has provided complete information regarding student report card information and helps schools in reporting student grades based on the testing results using ISO 25010 standart with a percentage of success with a total average of 92.82%.
Enacting Maasai and Palaeoanthropological Versions of Drought in Oldupai Gorge, Tanzania
Authors: Lee Patrick , Koromo Samson , Mercader Julio , Mather Charles
Published: March 2021

While palaeoanthropologists have travelled to Tanzania’s renowned human origins site of Oldupai Gorge for over a century, lasting collaboration has yet to be established with the Maasai pastoralists who inhabit the area. This paper uses actor-network-theory and the concept of enactment to compare palaeoanthropological and Maasai livelihoods and to explore why collaboration has been infrequent. Here we show that both groups’ subsistence strategies had to effectively navigate large political-economic contexts. To support their respective livelihoods, scientists and locals expertly acquired resources in non-scientific and non-pastoral worlds. Both Maasai peoples and researchers created and multiplied reality and ontologies by enacting composite – yet conflicting – versions of hybrid drought. The exigencies associated with palaeoanthropological and Maasai subsistence have hindered meaningful collaboration between the groups, despite the fact that members of both dug in the Gorge to address drought. While the legitimisation of scientific ontologies is ultimately well-intentioned, Maasai drought unfortunately remains unaddressed.
Sosiaalityön psykososiaalisen asiantuntijuuden hyödyntämiseen vaikuttavat tekijät nuorisopsykiatrian avohoidossa
Authors: Arajärvi Miina Liisa , Mönkkönen Kaarina , Kekoni Taru , Toikko Timo
Published: March 2021

Sosiaalityöntekijät toimivat nuorisopsykiatriassa erityistyöntekijän roolissa tuoden sosiaalista ja sosiaalityön näkökulmaa moniammatilliseen keskusteluun. Helsingin ja Uudenmaan sairaanhoitopirin (HUS) nuorisopsykiatriassa on viime vuosina siirrytty entistä fokusoidumpiin hoitomalleihin ja erityistyöntekijöiden työnkuvaa on pyritty jäsentämään uudelleen. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan sitä, mitkä tekijät vaikuttavat sosiaalityön psykososiaalisen asiantuntijuuden hyödyntämiseen moniammatillisessa poliklinikkatyössä ja mitkä psykososiaalisen työn osa-alueet rajataan sosiaalityöntekijän tehtävien ulkopuolelle. Tutkimuksen aineisto on kerätty kahdessa osassa nuorisopsykiatrian avohoidon työntekijöiltä e-kyselyllä ja fokusryhmähaastatteluilla.

Noin 60 prosenttia työntekijöistä oli sitä mieltä, että nuorisopsykiatrian sosiaalityöntekijää hyödynnetään sosiaalityötä vaativissa tehtävissä. Tehtävien jäsentämisessä oli vastausten perusteella eroavuuksia, esimerkiksi osa työntekijöistä koki, etteivät sosiaalityöntekijän tehtävät eroa hoidollista työtä tekevien ammattiryhmien tehtävistä. Noin 70 prosenttia vastaajista koki sosiaalityöntekijöiden tehtävien kuitenkin palvelevan potilaiden tarvetta. Sosiaalityön psykososiaalisen asiantuntijuuden hyödyntämiseen vaikuttivat poliklinikoiden hoitotyön tavoitteet ja tiimityöskentelyn rakenne, sosiaalityöntekijän oma ammatti-identiteetti, työtahdin kiristyminen ja moniammatillisen työkulttuurin muutokset.

Terveydenhuollossa jokaisella ammattilaisella on oma roolinsa ja yhteistyössä syntyy epävirallisia normeja siitä, mitkä ovat selkeästi jaettua aluetta ja missä tehtävissä rajaa ei ylitetä. Hoitotyön tavoitteet eivät saisi liikaa ohjata sosiaalityön jäsentymistä psykiatrisessa avohoidossa. Tämä edellyttää sosiaalityön vahvempaa tunnistamista ja samalla sosiaalityöntekijöiden aktiivisuutta sekä oman alansa asiantuntijuuden vahvistamista osaksi moniammatillista yhteistyötä ja tiimityöskentelyn rakenteita.
Mitä sairauspäivärahan enimmäisajan täytyttyä? Toimeentulon lähteet kahden vuoden seurannassa
Authors: Perhoniemi Riku , Blomgren Jenni , Laaksonen Mikko
Published: March 2021

Tutkittu tieto sairauspäivärahan enimmäisajan jälkeisestä toimeentulosta on puuttunut Suomessa. Tutkimme työkyvyttömyyseläkkeelle siirtymistä, ansiotyö- ja työttömyysjaksoja, ammatillista kuntoutusta sekä uusia sairauspäivärahakausia kahden vuoden seurannassa henkilöillä, joiden sairauspäivärahan enimmäisaika oli tullut täyteen 2012. Tarkastelimme myös, miten päivärahaa saaneiden tausta oli yhteydessä enimmäisajan jälkeisten työkyvyttömyyseläkehakemusten yleisyyteen.

Analysoimme kuvailevilla menetelmillä 70 prosentin edustavaa satunnaisotosta 18–60-vuotiaasta väestöstä hyödyntäen Eläketurvakeskuksen, Kelan ja Tilastokeskuksen rekisteritietoja. Tarkastelimme työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen hakemista ensisijaisena toimeentulolähteenä. Muita toimeentulon lähteitä tarkastelimme taustatekijöillä vakioituina prevalensseina käyttäen logistista regressioanalyysiä. Testasimme taustatekijöiden yhteyttä enimmäisajan jälkeisen 12 kuukauden aikaisen eläkehakemuksen todennäköisyyteen khiin neliö -testeillä.

Enimmäisaikaa seuraavan vuoden aikana 68 % siirtyi työkyvyttömyyseläkkeelle, 14 % ei hakenut työkyvyttömyyseläkettä ja 18 %:lle ei myönnetty työkyvyttömyyseläkettä. Taustatekijöistä muu kuin toimihenkilöasema ja ansiotyön puuttuminen työkyvyttömyyden alkaessa selittivät vahvimmin työkyvyttömyyseläkkeen hakemista. Eläkettä hakematta jättäneet olivat usein ansiotyössä ensimmäisen seurantavuoden aikana (69 %). Hylkäävän eläkepäätöksen saaneista valtaosa sai työttömyysetuutta ensimmäisen (80 %) tai toisen (72 %) seurantavuoden aikana. Vuoden työkykyisyysajan jälkeen uudet sairauspäivärahakaudet olivat yleisiä.

Sairauspäivärahan enimmäisajan täyttyminen merkitsee valtaosalla täyden työkyvyn menettämistä seuraaviksi vuosiksi riippumatta siitä, johtaako sairausjakso suoraan työkyvyttömyyseläkkeeseen. Pitkään sairauspäivärahalla olevien tilannetta pitäisi tukea tehokkaammin sairauspäivärahajaksojen aikana ja enimmäisajan lähestyessä. Erityisesti tämä koskee ansiotyön ulkopuolella olevia, joilta puuttuvat työterveyshuollon palvelut ja sairausvakuutuslain mukaiset, päivärahakauden sisäiset seurantapisteet.
Utilization of Healthcare Services & Healthcare Expenditure Patterns in the Rural Households of Nepal
Authors: Pokharel Sachin , Acharya Shiva Raj , Pahari Sandip , Moon Deog Hwan , Shin Yong Chul
Published: March 2021

Background: Healthcare financing as a lever to move closer to universal health coverage. Financing health care has been identified as a barrier to access to health care and increases the likelihood of impoverishment of households. There is still limited study and information on healthcare service utilization in the rural community of Nepal. Our study aims to assess utilization of healthcare services & patterns of healthcare expenditure in the rural households of Nepal.
Methods: A community-based research study was conducted among 341 rural households of Tanahun District, Nepal. A Chi-square test was used for assessing the associated factors with healthcare utilization.
Results: The utilization of in-patient and out-patient health services was 89.9 % and 10.1 % respectively. The majority of households (88%) had in USD less than $410 annual household healthcare expenditure. The mean annual healthcare expenditure was found to be $279. Nearly three-fourths (71.4%) of households had annual expenditure on medicine more than $40 with mostly on allopathic medicine (93.4%). The majority of participants (70%) mentioned that the healthcare expenditure was a burden to their household.
Conclusion: Despite the higher knowledge of health insurance, the involvement was found to be very low & poor. Educational status, knowledge about insurance, privileged ethnicity, religion, income source were the major factors associated with the utilization of healthcare services. Awareness & promotion programs focusing on rural communities should be implemented with affordable health services.
The Case for a Reciprocal Health Care Agreement between Australia and South Korea
Authors: Short Stephanie Doris , Lee Hyo-Young , Lee Mi-Joung , Park Eunok , Purwaningrum Farah
Published: March 2021

Objectives: This study presents the case for a reciprocal health care agreement (RHCA) between Australia and South Korea.
Design and Setting: The research utilised a qualitative social scientific methodology. Document analysis was conducted on government reports, official statistics and media articles in English and Korean.
Main outcomes: In Australia, the Health Insurance Act 1973 enables health care agreements with 11 nations, however, Korea has no similar legislation in place. Therefore, Korea would need to build a broader consensus on the need for a RHCA in full, based on the precedent of Australia's agreements with other nations, as well as on the Korean Pension Act, which has enabled reciprocal (equal treatment among the countries) pension agreements with 28 nations through an exceptive clause.
Results: The active government commitment and involvement of the Ministry of Health and the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in Australia, and of the Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Foreign Affairs in South Korea, would be essential for a successful RHCA process to come to fruition.
Conclusions: While a potential health care agreement between Australia and Korea would constitute a significant step forward in strengthening people-to-people links between these two significant trading partners in the spirit of health diplomacy, the feasibility at the current time is very low indeed.
Pemberdayaan Kewirausahaan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Bagi Masyarakat Penyandang Disabilitas Di Gunung Kidul
Authors: Santoso Halim Budi , Wibowo Argo , Siang Jong Jek , Delima Rosa , Chrismanto Antonius Rachmat
Published: March 2021

Information Technology has been implemented in some sectors in life. One of them is the usage of Information Technology for online commerce. Mitra Sejahtera Disabled Person Organization has some featured products which are sold locally in some places nearby and only in Gunung Kidul. The usage of Information Technology in marketing will help people to expand the basic consumer and market. On the other hand, Mitra Sejahtera Disabled Person Organization does not have enough access and ability to start and open online shop. Furthermore, the usage of the smartphone for member of Mitra Sejahtera Disabled Person Organization has not been optimal yet, like the utilization of social media as an official account. Training and empowerment activities to Mitra Sejahtera Disabled Person Organization will contribute in increasing and optimizing the utilization of social media and e-commerce. This training and empowerment activities also will give some knowledge to the participant about how to open online shop in one of the biggest online marketplace in Indonesia. The result of this activity is official account in media social. The participant also encouraged and trained to start online shop in one of the biggest online marketplace platform in Indonesia.
Beyond Classroom English Activities to Generate Interest in English Among Tertiary Students
Authors: Shanti Alice , Jaafar Zuraidah
Published: March 2021

In this article, we present a study aimed to explore the attitude, interest and perception of students learning English language beyond the classroom using a list of activities such as Readers Theatre, Storyboard, Academic Explorace, Spell it right and Melodies of Pilah. A survey was conducted involving 466 students from different faculties who were taking English proficiency courses at diploma and degree levels at a local university. The findings indicate that both male and female students had a positive degree of interest and attitude toward the English activities carried out beyond the classroom. The popular activities were Readers Theatre and Melodies of Pilah (group singing). The study also indicated that students preferred group activities compared to individual activities. Based on the findings, it is recommended that students should be allowed to explore English materials independently beyond classrooms where language learning takes place implicitly.  The study found that the success of English learning activities carried out beyond the confines of the classroom can generate interest among students to learn the language. The success of English activities carried out beyond classrooms can be assessed by students’ ability to complete the task assigned (the end-product) rather than the processes involved in completing the task.

Keywords: language learning, beyond-the-classroom, out-of-class
MOOC Quality Design Criteria for Programming and Non-Programming Students
Authors: Sabjan Aniza , Abd Wahab Alawiyah , Ahmad Azizah , Ahmad Rahayu , Hassan Syahida , Wahid Juliana
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality design criteria for developing a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). Currently, there are limited studies that highlight the required design criteria for the MOOC programming courses. A descriptive analysis was conducted to examine the characteristics of the three important quality design criteria which are (i) Instructional Design Criteria involving Lecture Organization and Culture; (ii) Technical Criteria involving User Interface, Video Content, Learning and Social Tools, and Learning Analytics; and (iii) E-Assessment. The data were collected from 306 respondents, representing the UUM MOOC students of 2018 class, were further analyzed using the T-Test hypothesis testing to determine whether both the programming and non-programming students require the same quality design criteria. The questionnaire used in this study consists of 46 items related to the MOOC quality design criteria that were adapted from previous studies. The results indicate that out of the nine constructs, four have obtained significant differences in the mean scores, namely the Video Content, Instructional Design, Culture, and E-assessment. This signifies that different quality design criteria are needed for both the programming and non-programming students. The outcome of this study may assist the developers in designing the MOOC by providing the required criteria according to its importance.

 

Keywords: Instructional Design, MOOC, non-Programming, Programming, Quality Design
Exploring Students’ Readiness on English Language Blended Learning
Authors: Hamzah Fazlinda , Yew Phong Soo , Sharifudin Mohd Azlan Shah , Mohd Zain Zainab , Rahim Mahdalela
Published: March 2021

Blended learning approach has gained popularity around the globe and blended English language teaching has become a matter of considerable interest. Many higher education institutions have adopted the approach, and this raised a question of readiness among the students involved. The study aimed at investigating the students’ readiness on English language blended learning. A total of 137 students of different courses from a public university in Melaka participated in the study. They were asked to answer a questionnaire which involved five aspects to measure the students’ readiness on English language blended learning such as technical abilities, technological accessibility, self-directed learning, attitude towards traditional classroom setting and attitude towards blended classroom setting. Six students were then selected to be involved in semi-structured interviews to identify students’ views on English language blended learning. The study found out that students have low levels of readiness on English language blended learning in which they scored 3.28 to 3.54 in attitude towards blended classroom settings compared to their scores in attitude towards traditional classroom settings which are all above 4.00. The interviews revealed the reasons behind the results obtained from the questionnaire and one of them is that they enjoy learning English in a traditional classroom since face to face communication with their instructors allows them to remember better as well as enables them to gain more in-depth understanding of a lesson.

 

Keywords: Blended learning, English language, Students’ readiness
School Resource Center and Students’ Civilization in Digital Age
Authors: Mohamed Shuhidan Shamila , Abdul Majid Mayasari , Mohamed Shuhidan Shuhaida , Anwar Norizan , Abd Hakim Azma Asnawishah
Published: March 2021

In the 21st century, the School Resource Centre (SRC) is essential as an innovative educational practice that supports teaching-learning in the digital age. Previous studies have highlighted the beneficial roles of an SRC in terms of collections, SRC programs, and the provision of a conducive learning environment to school communities. However, due to the meaningful impact of technology, SRCs need to transform their traditional roles to more modern roles in the digital age in order to bring knowledge that is alive, interesting and relevant to meet users’ needs and demands, especially the millennials. The millennial generation is comprised of digital immigrants who are very competent in using technology devices but still lack information literacy skills and are marked by uncertainty because they face information overload due to the high dependency on the Internet and inability to solve real-life problems. In this study, the millennial generation was narrowed to secondary students aged between 13-17 years old. This paper aims to determine the type of activities held in SRCs that give impact on students’ civilization and support them in developing life-long learning habits which will enable them to be knowledgeable and responsible citizens in a civilized society. A survey was distributed to secondary students, and findings show that there is a positive indication with a 4.21 mean value (with Likert scale ranging between 1 to 5) on civilization for the use of SRCs. Education itself is evolving through changes in the curricula and use of enhanced technology which have changed the way students access information and interact with others in the civilized society. It is hoped that other than becoming information literate and knowledgeable persons, students can also show evidence of moral and intellectual advancement by being humane, ethical and reasonable as well as have the capabilities of leading an improved life and social wellbeing.

 

Keywords: School Resource Centre, Student, Civilization, Digital, Knowledge
Editorial
Authors: Nápoli Juan Tobías
Published: March 2021

Editorial
Przemiany struktur polskiego przemysłu cukrowniczego jako efekt procesu restrukturyzacji
Authors: Niemczak Marcin
Published: March 2021

During the transformations of economic system, basic changes in various factors and conditions had a strong effect on the functioning of industrial enterprises, including the sugar industry. The transition from the centrally commanded economy to market economy considerably influenced the Polish sugar industry, with a very negative effect. In 1993 the whole branch showed negative net profitability index. Prospects for the Polish sugar industry appeared together with foreign investors (on from the UK and three from Germany), who took over nearly 65% of all sugar plants. Restructurisation activities raised the competitiveness of particular enterprises. Year 2002 brought the formation of a large stateowned manufacturer.The most characteristic feature of the Polish sugar industry is production potential surplus and a considerable dispersal of production. These factors largely contributed to the initiation of a production concentration process in 2001, which aimed at liquidating the unprofitable plants. The apogee of this process came in 2004, when 14 sugar plants were closed. In the current sugar campaign (2006/2007) 36 plants take part, out of 76 that existed in 2000. 40 were closed, which is 52.6% of all that existed. It must be pointed out that further reduction of the number of existing plants is possible, since the current level of sugar production is attainable with 20-25 functioning plants.
Kształtowanie się i organizacja przestrzenna korporacji ponadnarodowej Honda
Authors: Kilar Wioletta , Cieluch Monika
Published: March 2021

Considering the market value of the company in Business Week ranking “The Global” for the years 2003–2005, Honda Motor was fluctuating around the 100th place. In 2005 the value of the corporation increased in relation to the previous year and equaled $51, 96 billion. However, in the car corporations category, Honda Motor is ranked second, after Toyota Motor (with market value $158.20 billion), and the third car corporation Daimler Chrysler is worth $51,28 billion.The origin of the Honda corporation dates back to the 1920’s, when Soichiro Honda (1906–1991) started producing motorbikes during the post-war crisis period. In March 1948, he was joined by Takeo Fujisawa (1915–1989) with whom Soichiro Honda founded Honda Motor Corporation. Contemporarily, the organizational structure of the Honda Corporation is based on multilevel management. At present, the organizational basis is six Regional Offices, located all over the world, subject on executive level to the Chairman of the Board and ten directors. The company’s headquarters is in Tokyo, but it has its production and distribution branches located in Japan, USA, Canada, Mexico, GB, France, I taly, Spain, India, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, Brazil and Turkey.
Kształcenie na poziomie akademickim jako czynnik przygotowania kadr dla przemysłu województwa podkarpackiego
Authors: Borowiec Monika
Published: March 2021

In the process of development of knowledge – based economy, education and science become essential factors leading to the improvement of intellectual resources, which influences the competitiveness of national and regional systems. The development of scientific and educational function takes place in different kinds of educational institutions. The academic centers are important elements of social-economie structure, which determine the process of formation of the regional development poles and increase of competitiveness of the regional system. The quality of intellectual supplies in the industry depends on the educational system and the structure of courses. The author emphasizes the role of education in the development of innovations and industry of the Podkarpackie Voivodeship.
Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski
Authors: Wieloński Andrzej , Machowski Janusz
Published: March 2021

The energy security is the term for the most part identified with ensuring its availability to different energy carriers and taking care about the continuity of its delivery. According to the authors, for Poland it means – above all – the diversification of the geographical structure of supply sources of crude oil and natural gas.The first part of the paper shows Polish dependence on the import of Russian crude oil and the possible other sources of supply – by realization of the plans of constructing the Odessa-Brody oil pipeline to Płock or using „Naftoport” in Gdańsk for oil unloading. The next part presents problems of the diversification of supply sources of natural gas and propositions alternative to the import from Russia – the delivery of natural gas from Norway or using the supply of liquefied gas (LNG) by sea (which requires infrastructure). In the last part of the paper the main subject is the role of the Polish petrochemical concern, PKN ORLEN in the country’s energy security system.The biggest corporation of Central Europe gained its importance on its own and taken-over refineries in Poland, the Czech Republic and Lithuania, also taking over inefficient logistic infrastructure, storage depots, pipeline network and sea reloading possibilities in Poland and Lithuania. The company interpreted the delivery diversification as the increased number of the crude oil suppliers and limitation of the share of long-standing contracts in the structure of crude oil delivery and the development of its own extraction segment. The authors recapitulate by saying that the idea of energy security and diversification can have different rendition in enterprises and the government. The diversification of the deliveries is possible but can be expensive (more expensive fuels, higher costs of transport, changes in processing technology), which can be a problem to enterprises. Doubts can be raised on the direction of the country’s actions, and promoting companies creating their own fuel base (it is more expensive than other solutions); it cannot be forgotten that Polish refineries have a right to negotiate the prices of crude oil delivery, which can maximise the gain for share holders (including the Treasure Ministry). The best solution to the problem of the level of energy security would be (besides diversification of sources of supply) a constant increase in crude oil storage capacity and system storage of natural gas.
Ewolucja przemysłu zaawansowanej technologii i sektora teleinformatycznego (ICT) w Finlandii
Authors: Stachowiak Krzysztof
Published: March 2021

The paper presents in a broad outline the main characteristics of the evolution of the Finnish high-tech industry and ICT sector within the context of general changes in industry and the national economy. In the last decades of the 20th century Finland dynamically developed a knowledge-based economy and became one of the leaders of the information society. A spectacular manifestation of this is the position of the country in global competitiveness rankings, where Finland has occupied a top position for several years, sometimes even being ahead of the United States. The so-called ‘Finnish model of information society’ is characterised, among others, by a significant growth in knowledge-intensive industries and a complex system of research and development support. However, all those changes were dependent on the previous development path of the country. The structure of Finnish industry was rather one-sided until the 1980s, when knowledge- and expertise-intensive production started to catch up with the level of manufacturing dominated by raw materials, capital and energy. For a long time, Finland specialised in the forest industry and in the processing of metals. A new sector that has developed during the past decades is electronics and, especially, the manufacturing of communication devices. Furthermore, the economy has changed more dramatically in Finland than in any other developed country over the same period of time. Industries have become technology-intensive and production is strongly characterised by specialisation. Finland has become the most specialised country in information and communication technology in the world, and this specialisation trend is continuing. The forest industry and other traditional industries rely more and more on the new technologies and state-of-the-art knowledge. In Finland, industrialisation started later than in other countries, but it was very rapid. Industrial production and exports grew faster than the rest of the economy in the 1990s, and the structure of exports diversified. Unlike other developed countries, Finland “re-industrialised” in the 1990s. The contribution of industry to the total volume of production and employment has been higher in Finland than in other advanced economies in the past couple of years.
Kształtowanie struktur przestrzennych sektora przemysłu i usług według poziomów techniki na przykładzie województwa dolnośląskiego
Authors: Raczyk Andrzej , Dobrowolska-Kaniewska Helena
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the shaping of spatial diversity of economic entities in the industry sector, measured by technology levels, and the service sector, assessed by the intensity of research and development at the local level. The analysis also concerned factors determining the emergence of these diversities, as well as relations between the occurrence of economic entities in the production activity and the service sector. The survey was conducted in the Lower Silesia Voivodeship in 1998 and 2004.The analysis revealed an increase in the participation of entities belonging to the high-tech service sector and high-tech industry sector. This participation was accompanied by a tendency of their spatial structures to become alike. It indicates that general conditions of  emergence of companies characterized by the highest level of research and development intensity within the II and III sector of the economy are becoming alike. The development of high-tech industry companies is connected with the general development of services. This interrelation increases together with the intensity of research and development within sector III (high-tech services and knowledge-based services). It also increases with time. There exists a high, positive correlation between the value of the entrepreneurship index in the II and III sector and the general level of entrepreneurship. The crucial factor determining the formation of new economic entities in the group of high-tech industry companies and high-tech services is the overall rise of the entrepreneurship index.
Evolution of the city of Irkutsk economic-geographic position in various scales
Authors: Jakobson Anatol
Published: March 2021

The notion of economic-geographic position seems to be a good instrument of regional qualitative analysis. The two principal peculiarities of this method are “playing scales” and historical, evolutionary approach. These ideas are analysed on the example of a particular case, the problems and prospects of Irkutsk.The following relationships are studied: Irkutsk in Europe, Irkutsk in the ethnic area of the Buryat people, Irkutsk in Russia, Irkutsk in Eastern Asia, Irkutsk in the ex-Soviet Union, Irkutsk in Siberia, Irkutsk in its administrative region (Oblast), Irkutsk and Baikal, Irkutsk in its agglomeration, and Irkutsk and Poland.
Advertising and business image: the Russian specificity
Authors: Batsun Natalia
Published: March 2021

Unfortunately, it is otherwise in Russia – for a variety of reasons. Therefore, the image of business as a whole in this country is extremely low. First on the list of these reasons is the inertia of mass consciousness. Throughout several generations, the spirit of unacceptability of market relations has been brought up. The second reason is the behaviour of domestic businessmen, resulting in the negative image of entrepreneurship. The third is a certain selectivity of Russian mass media as to the activity of domestic businessmen, which supports the widespread prejudice that private business is a “dirty thing”. Surely, in the existing circumstances we shouldn’t ignore the factor of unfair competitive struggle and the so called anti-PR. And the fourth reason is a kind of “illiteracy” of Russian businessmen, expressed in the absence  of any recognition of social responsibility before the consumer, and in ignoring the severe social situation in the society.
Location differences of services and industry: A Central European dichotomy
Authors: Lux Gabor
Published: March 2021

In post-socialist spatial restructuring, over-industrialised economies experienced a period of intense tertiarisation and the decline of industrial employment. However, the role of services in this process shows strong sectoral and spatial differences. In addition to structural correction, tertiarisation may be interpreted as the bearer of economic modernisation, but also a symptom of weakness where services dominate due to an absence of economic alternatives. Advanced business services are strongly concentrated in central regions, while elsewhere economic growth is still mainly driven by industry, whose location shows high path-dependency going back to the quantitative and qualitative factor supply, as well as a broader societal and institutional background that encourages the reproduction of industrial milieus.Using empirical evidence from Central and South-Eastern European countries, the author examines how the sub-national location differences of services and industry reshape and recreate the region’s traditional centre–periphery differences: evidence points to differentiation between not only central and non-central regions, but also the Central and South-Eastern European group of new EU members and candidate states.
Proces kształtowania się słowackiego przemysłu motoryzacyjnego jako wyraz konkurencyjności regionu
Authors: Lizak Piotr
Published: March 2021

The spatial systems of different scale try to create the most advantageous conditions for attracting new forms of economic activity to the particular areas by increasing their attractiveness of the new locations for the economic activities.With reference to the presented premises the process of forming Slovak automotive industry is presented. The paper presents the essential factors that caused competitive advantage of Slovakia in comparison to other countries of Central Europe, determining increased streams of direct foreign investments that resulted in, among others, dynamic development of Slovak automotive industry.
Funkcjonowanie sektora motoryzacyjnego w okresie kryzysu w latach 2008−2009
Authors: Nowak Paweł
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the complexity of the past two years in the Polish automotive industry and the impact and consequences of the economic downturn. The last two years were extremely challenging for the entire economy, especially the motor industry. The demand for cars decreased at the turn of 2008 and 2009. A dramatic plunge in sales has immediately taken a toll on suppliers and an entire economy. To prevent economic disaster, governments of many states allocated billions of euros and dollars to fund stimulating plans for buyers of the new vehicles. It was an aid which largely saved the sector from the decline. The additional aid packages for the entire economy and the financial sector managed to stabilize the disrupted economy.
Poziom innowacyjności polskiej gospodarki na tle krajów UE
Authors: Nowak Paweł
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the current innovative position of Poland against the background of other EU countries. The evaluation is based on direct and indirect indicators of the current situation of Polish economy. It provides answers to a number of questions, such as: is Poland investing enough in research? Is Poland becoming a more attractive place to invest in research? Is Poland progressing towards the European Research Area and making its research system more competitive? The figures are not optimistic. In the last ten years, R&D investment in Poland has increased only by 0,04% in real terms to 0,67% GDP in 2009. At the same time, R&D intensity in Finland, Sweden and Denmark has increased considerably.
Społeczna odpowiedzialność międzynarodowych korporacji
Authors: Kowalska Katarzyna
Published: March 2021

The article includes an introduction, two theoretical sections, and the conclusions. Basic notions connected with corporate social responsibility are discussed. Next, basing on the example of Wal- -Mart, innovative ecological approach concerning delivery chain is discussed. Also the matter of double standardization of corporate social responsibility is investigated.