bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imperatives of Negotiation in Managing Covid-19 Vaccination Hesitancy in Nigeria
Authors: NWANMERENI Daniel , MUSAH Oyakemeagbegha
Published: November 2023

Purpose: The paradoxical hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination amidst the spread of the pandemic, especially the deadly Delta Variant, has remained a source of worry to the global community. Despite assurances of the safety and efficacy of the vaccines and the jabs being publicly administered on top of the Nigerian political hierarchy, COVID-19 vaccination has remained controversial in Nigeria. It appears that citizens' apprehensions about the side effects of the vaccines are yet to be overcome.Methodology:This study investigated the grounds for Nigerian citizens' hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination. The study asked: What factors underlie Nigerian citizens' hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination? The quantitative study combined Social Cognitive and Diffusion of Innovations theories as theoretical cornerstones. A survey research design was adopted to study a population of 84 004 084, from which a sample size of 384 respondents was drawn.Findings:The study's findings showed that the reported side effects of COVID-19 vaccines and citizens' distrust of the Nigerian government and health system led to COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in Nigeria. NAFDAC's warning of fake COVID-19 vaccines being circulated in Nigeria was also found to be a factor that underlies hesitancy to vaccination.Implication:The study recommended, among other things, that national and international health authorities should address apprehensions generated by the reported side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. It was also recommended that Nigerian political leaders should rise to bridge citizens' distrust in the government.
Clarification of the taxonomic status of Acanthochitona discrepans (Brown, 1827) with new data for the North-East Atlantic Acanthochitona (Polyplacophora, Acanthochitonidae)
Authors: Vončina Katarzyna , Mikkelsen Nina , Morrow Christine , Ang Rory , Sigwart Julia
Published: November 2023

The genus Acanthochitona can be easily distinguished from other chitons by having eighteen tufts of bristles on the dorsal side of the densely spiculose girdle. In the North-East Atlantic, five species of this genus have been recognised so far: A. crinita (Pennant, 1777), A. discrepans (Brown, 1827), A. fascicularis (Linnaeus, 1767), A. oblonga Leloup, 1968 and A. pilosa Schmidt-Petersen, Schwabe et Haszprunar, 2015. The nomenclature of A. crinita, A. discrepans and A. fascicularis was confused for a very long time until Kaas (1985) designated type specimens for them and provided a brief key. However, his work lacked detailed descriptions of the three species and some authors doubted that A. discrepans constitutes a separate species. Subsequently, the taxonomic status of A. discrepans has remained unclear.

Here, we implemented an integrative approach which combined morphology and molecular evidence to show that Acanthochitona discrepans is, indeed, a valid species and we present re-descriptions for A. crinita, A. discrepans and A. fascicularis.
Travail des femmes, une émancipation inachevée
Authors: Silvera Rachel
Published: November 2023

Malgré les conquêtes du siècle dernier, les luttes féministes se heurtent toujours à la persistance des inégalités au travail. Mis en retrait au profit de la dénonciation des violences sexuelles, le débat sur l’égalité salariale pourrait trouver un essor nouveau dans les mobilisations contre la réforme des retraites ou dans celles des Gilets jaunes.
Contractualiser et évaluer les politiques sociales locales : l’exemple de la convention territoriale globale des Caf
Authors: Mengin Sabine , Taboury Sylvain
Published: November 2023

La convention territoriale globale permet aux caisses d’allocations familiales (Caf) de simplifier le cadre partenarial proposé aux collectivités en vue de l’analyse transversale des besoins sociaux des territoires, et de définir communément des priorités et une complémentarité d’action pour y répondre. Cet article présente les enseignements tirés de différentes missions d’accompagnement de ces conventions, les questions soulevées quant à leur mise en œuvre et à la logique d’intervention des partenaires. Il expose aussi les conditions susceptibles de favoriser ou de freiner l’atteinte des objectifs poursuivis.
La dimension territoriale des financements d’action sociale des Caf
Authors: Vabre Frédéric
Published: November 2023

Trèsdécentraliséeàl’origine, l’actionsociale des caisses d’Allocations familiales (Caf) s’appuyait essentiellement sur des fonds locaux que leurs conseils d’administration utilisaient de manière autonome dans leur périmètre territorial. Progressivement, l’avènement de politiques publiques nationales en faveur du développement des services aux familles (crèches, centres de loisirs…), a accompagné la forte croissance de fonds nationaux, fléchés sur des dispositifs modélisés, indifférents aux caractéristiques des territoires. Cette orientation a été cependant nettement infléchie depuis une dizaine d’années. En effet, la branche Famille de la Sécurité sociale, regroupant les Caf et leur caisse nationale – la Cnaf – a développé des dispositifs de financement sur mesure, qui permettent de mieux s’adapter aux réalités locales grâce à des mécanismes de rééquilibrage socio-territoriaux plus marquées. L’analyse du « design » de ces financements, entendu comme la conception des règles d’attribution et de calcul de ces financements est très utile pour expliquer les recompositions de l’approche territoriale dans les politiques d’action sociale de la branche Famille.
À l’heure du malade – temporalité et altérité dans le soin psychique
Authors: Bastiani Flora
Published: November 2023

Cette communication se propose de réfléchir à l’importance du temps dans les soins. Considérant que le temps vécu par chacun relève d’une construction individuelle, cette dimension peut-elle devenir un obstacle à la relation de soin ? L’impossibilité de la synchronie dans le soin peut-elle rendre impossible la rencontre entre le soignant et le patient ? Tout en abordant le rapport au temps particulier de la maladie psychique (renvoyant à différentes structures psychiques), nous souhaitons montrer comment chacun des vécus du temps renvoie à une relation à l’altérité.
Sommes-nous des véliplanchistes ? Microtemporalités et soins palliatifs
Authors: Binet Michel Gustave Joseph , Cotovio Martins Alexandre , Monteiro David , Rainho Brás Oriana
Published: November 2023

L’article propose une exploration des microtemporalités constitutives des interactions, qui a pour base empirique un corpus d’enregistrements sonores de réunions et d’échanges téléphoniques au sein d’une Équipe intra-hospitalière en soins palliatifs, collecté dans le cadre d’une recherche sociologique et interdisciplinaire menée au Portugal. Cette exploration a pour principal cadre théorique et méthodologique l’analyse de conversation ethnométhodologique. L’enregistrement et la transcription du travail des professionnels de la santé et du travail social permettent de dresser des cartes détaillées des « basses terres marécageuses » (Donald Schön) où s’exercent ces métiers, pleines de contingences irréductibles que les praticiens gèrent dans l’ici-et-maintenant de leur agir professionnel, avec une expertise et des compétences qui tendent à échapper au radar des instruments d’évaluation du travail et du management des organisations. Chemin faisant, l’article développe une discussion qui rejoint une métaphore proposée par Bruno Latour, celle de la planche à voile, pour penser l’ordre microtemporel des actions situées et concevoir les dispositifs de recherche les mieux adaptés à son étude.
« X se disant » : l’incarcération des mineurs isolés étrangers
Authors: Daadouch Christophe
Published: November 2023

Stigmatisés dans les discours sur la délinquance, les mineurs isolés étrangers poursuivis pour délit font l’objet d’un traitement différencié dans les établissements pénitentiaires. Deux éducateurs de la Protection judiciaire de la jeunesse et syndicalistes témoignent des conditions de vie carcérale dégradées qui sont réservées à ces jeunes. Sont-ils réduits à n’être qu’une variable d’ajustement face à la pénurie de moyens et à la surpopulation carcérale ?
Abolir la (sur)pénalisation des personnes étrangères
Authors: Coquet Margaux
Published: November 2023

Qu’est-ce que l’abolitionnisme pénal ? Comment cette pensée critique, évolutive et plurielle, peut-elle être mobilisée pour questionner la criminalisation des personnes étrangères et leur surreprésentation dans le système pénal ? Retour sur les débats qui traversent la remise en cause de l’appareil pénal et policier dans son ensemble et les fonctions que joueraient, dans ce système d’interprétations, la surpénalisation des personnes étrangères.
Two Books that Marked their Epoch – A Personal Encounter
Authors: Rheinberger Hans-Jörg
Published: November 2023

Cet article décrit ma rencontre personnelle avec La Logique du vivant de François Jacob et Le Hasard et la nécessité de Jacques Monod. J’ai pris connaissance de ces deux livres dès le début de mes études de biologie, en 1973, et le livre de Jacob en particulier a accompagné mon itinéraire académique depuis lors. Ce texte suit les différentes étapes de cet itinéraire à partir des années 1970, en partant des échanges entre Louis Althusser et Monod et de ceux de Jacques Derrida avec Jacob à la fin des années 1960 et au début des années 1970, en passant par mes activités de biologiste moléculaire dans les années 1980, jusqu’à mon implication en faveur d’une épistémologie historique à l’Institut Max-Planck pour l’histoire des sciences de Berlin depuis les années 1990.
François Jacob et La Logique du vivant : une histoire des objets de la biologie
Authors: Méthot Pierre-Olivier
Published: November 2023

Il est courant d’inscrire La Logique du vivant de François Jacob dans la mouvance de l’épistémologie historique. Par contraste avec cette interprétation, nous montrons tout d’abord que c’est dans le cadre même de son itinéraire scientifique qu’émergea le problème de penser l’histoire de l’étude des êtres vivants. Nous montrons ensuite que c’est l’opposition à la conception biologisante de Jacques Monod relative au développement du savoir scientifique (sélection des idées) qui a conduit Jacob à engager un examen le menant à reconnaître une succession temporelle d’objets dont l’émergence recompose la pensée biologique. Enfin, nous soutenons que ce réexamen a effectivement produit une lecture de l’histoire de la biologie concordante avec d’autres tentatives menées à la même époque (comme celles que l’on trouve chez Foucault et, par-delà, chez Canguilhem), mais que cette concordance relève de la rencontre et non de l’adoption ni même de l’inspiration. En définitive, tout en exhibant certaines caractéristiques de l’épistémologie historique, La Logique du vivant est le livre d’un biologiste que les circonstances de sa recherche scientifique ont conduit à l’histoire.
Le judaïsme et les juifs dans les manuels scolaires palestiniens
Authors: Manor Yohanan
Published: November 2023

Depuis plusieurs années, Yohanan Manor scrute les manuels scolaires en usage dans les pays arabes, convaincu que c'est aussi par l'éducation que se préparent les légions de la guerre comme les générations de la paix. À l'instar des anciens combattants français et allemands des années vingt et trente, il se montre inquiet et vigilant devant la possible dérive des esprits. Ici, devant l'empoisonnement des consciences, même s'il apporte toutefois, on le verra, une légère nuance d'espoir. L'article qu'on va lire, ainsi que les illustrations qui l'accompagnent, sont tirés pour l'essentiel de son ouvrage récemment paru (2003) chez Berg International sous le titre Les Manuels scolaires palestiniens. Une génération sacrifiée.
La curiosité : morale de la bonne distance
Authors: Vian Thibault
Published: November 2023

Cette contribution traite du problème de la curiosité du point de vue de l’éducation et de la morale. La curiosité pose en effet le triple problème de l’intrusion dans la sphère d’autrui, de l’errance dans le sensible et de son rapport à l’orgueil et à notre volonté de savoir. Si elle participe d’une « sortie de soi », elle présente à l’excès une dimension prédatrice qui consiste à dérober les secrets d’autrui. Dans la tradition augustinienne, la critique morale de la curiosité est avant tout une critique de la sensibilité, de la concupiscence de la chair et de l’usage des cinq sens. À cette curiosité indiscrète nous opposons, à travers l’exemple du philosophe-voyageur à Varanasi, en Inde, la curiosité surprise, laquelle participe d’une atmosphère, ou d’une situation, sans appropriation d’un savoir ni irruption dans la sphère de l’autre. Toujours en recherche, elle demeure dans un rapport de bonne distance éthique qui rappelle la médiété aristotélicienne.
Éduquer au sens des limites et de l’illimité à l’ère de l’Anthropocène
Authors: Lamarre Jean-Marc
Published: November 2023

L’Anthropocène met en cause le modèle capitaliste de croissance indéfinie et de consumérisme effréné. Pour affronter le dérèglement climatique, les hommes doivent s’autolimiter. Qu’est-ce qui peut les motiver à l’autolimitation sans qu’ils renoncent à la réalisation de soi ? Comment éduquer au sens des limites ? Nous montrons qu’on ne peut pas éduquer au sens des limites sans éduquer à celui de l’illimité en réorientant le potentiel humain d’illimitation, de l’illimité matériel vers l’illimité relationnel et poétique.
L’éducation comme interruption de l’apprentissage par les vérités
Authors: García Puchades Wenceslao
Published: November 2023

Ce texte cherche à interpréter la théorie du sujet d’Alain Badiou à partir du champ de la philosophie de l’éducation, et plus précisément de la théorie pédagogique exposée par le philosophe Gert Biesta. À l’aide de sa pensée sur l’éducation, nous démontrons que l’éducation philosophique proposée par Badiou est une interruption de l’apprentissage par les vérités. À notre avis, le travail d’Alain Badiou nous offre un moyen de comprendre l’éducation comme un processus subjectif qui perturbe le caractère individuel, fonctionnel, médiatisé et planifié de l’apprentissage. Nous n’avons pas ici l’intention de participer à la discussion sur les propositions éducatives que l’on peut tirer de la théorie du sujet d’Alain Badiou, mais nous cherchons plutôt à établir un cadre conceptuel commun avec lequel débattre avec d’autres théories pédagogiques contemporaines. Le texte présente la manière dont Badiou propose une éducation philosophique comme un processus de subjectivation par les vérités. Pour cela, nous utiliserons sa bibliographie secondaire, car il y synthétise avec plus de clarté les thèses générales exposées dans ses principaux ouvrages et les rend plus accessibles à ceux qui ne sont pas des spécialistes de ses nombreux écrits. Nous exposons ensuite les thèses fondamentales sur lesquelles s’appuie la théorie de l’éducation de Gert Biesta. Enfin, en guise de conclusion, nous voyons dans quelle mesure la notion d’éducation comme processus de subjectivisation par les vérités s’ajuste et complète la théorie pédagogique de Biesta.
Accompagner jusqu’au bout, ou le récit d’une expérience personnelle
Authors: Bazantay Christian
Published: November 2023

Accompagner jusqu’au bout ou le récit d’une expérience personnelle, celle d’un bénévole d’accompagnement auprès de personnes en fin de vie dans des services de soins palliatifs ou dans divers services hospitaliers, voilà le propos de cet article. Nous insisterons sur quelques points : tout d’abord un bénévole d’accompagnement chez JALMALV (Jusqu’À la Mort Accompagner La Vie, association reconnue d’utilité publique) n’est pas un amateur. Il est bénévole mais reçoit une formation et est supervisé régulièrement. On expliquera le rôle du bénévole qui n’est ni le personnel soignant, ni la famille, ni les amis. Sa place est particulière et nous verrons au travers deux exemples comment celui-ci se place au service du malade qu’il accompagne et qui peut avec et au travers de ces accompagnements délivrer et vivre un autre moment. Nous décrirons un comportement du malade souvent observé, celui d’un « détricotage affectif » envers ses proches lui permettant d’y trouver une position antalgique à la douleur induite par son processus d’acception de sa propre mort.
Pluralité des corps politiques et représentation symbolique
Authors: Foret François
Published: November 2023

La multiplication des niveaux de gouvernance et d’identification ainsi que les mutations contemporaines de la communication politique mettent en question les dynamiques symboliques traditionnelles. La coexistence des drapeaux nationaux des États membres de l’Union européenne (UE) et du drapeau européen éclaire les dynamiques de pouvoir et de représentation à l’œuvre, entre combinaison, compétition et confrontation. L’inscription progressive du drapeau européen dans le quotidien et sa polysémie illustrent la pluralité croissante des identités. Dans le même temps, sa faible intensité affective et les controverses qu’il suscite rappellent que le changement en matière symbolique est lent et loin d’être univoque.
Resilient Adaptation Strategies: Unveiling Older Adults' Coping Dynamics Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hladek Melissa deCardi , Wilson Deborah H. , Shofner Sabrina , Gross Alden L. , Buta Brian , Bandeen-Roche Karen , Schoenborn Nancy
Published: November 2023

Older adults, who are particularly vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), exhibit less stress and greater well-being than their younger peers. However, there have been no in-depth explorations of adaptive coping strategies among this population, nor has the role of frailty status been addressed. The current study examined stress and coping in 30 U.S. older adults (mean age = 81 years, range = 68 to 95 years) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, uncovering themes of: (1)
Pandemic Stresses
: stresses experienced during the pandemic centered around social isolation and concern for others' well-being; (2)
Resilience
: older adults proved highly adaptable, with lifetime experience as a stress buffer; and (3)
Silver Linings
: older adults reported positive by-products, such as reconnecting with and a renewed appreciation for life and nature. Motivation for change and change itself centered around creating value and meaning in the present, especially around social isolation. Findings challenge existing ageist stereotypes, give insight into interventional design, and highlight the importance of ensuring infrastructural and societal support. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 49
(12), 32–39.]
Nanocomposite hydrogel fibers in the field of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Yu Zhenguo , Wang Dong , Lu Zhentan
Published: November 2023

In the past few decades, many researchers have focused their research interests on nanocomposite hydrogel fibers (NHFs). These practitioners have developed and optimized techniques for preparing nanofiber membranes such as the template method, microfluidic spinning, electrospinning, wet spinning and three-dimensional printing (3D printing). NHFs have important applications in wearable monitoring, diagnosis and nursing due to their various excellent properties (such as high-water content, porous morphology, flexibility, braiding and rich active functional groups). In this paper, the latest progress of NHFs in pose monitoring, continuous monitoring of physiological indicators, diagnosis, wearables, nursing, drug delivery and dressings are reviewed. This paper also aims to review their key operational parameters, advantages and disadvantages of NHFs in the above fields, including sensitivity, working range and other special properties. Specifically, NHFs can be used for continuous monitoring of biological postures (such as gestures) or physiological indicators (such as blood sugar) in vitro and in vivo. NHFs also can be used for long-term monitoring of related indicators in the wearable field. NHFs can be used in tissue engineering and drug delivery. Finally, we look forward to the development prospects, challenges and opportunities of the next generation of NHFs. We confirm that the emergence of NHFs in the field of diagnosis and treatment has opened up a new vision for human health. Researchers have optimized the template method, microfluidic spinning, electrospinning, wet spinning and 3D printing.
Extremal values of the first reformulated Zagreb index for molecular trees with application to octane isomers
Authors: Anwar Shabana , Jamil Muhammad Kamran , Alali Amal S. , Zegham Mehwish , Javed Aisha
Published: November 2023

A connected acyclic graph in which the degree of every vertex is at most four is called a molecular tree. A number associated with a molecular tree that can help to approximate the physical or chemical properties of the corresponding molecule is called a topological index. It is of great importance to investigate the relation between the structure and the thermodynamic properties of those molecules. In this paper, we investigated the extreme value of the first reformulated Zagreb index with a given order and degree of a graph. Further, we investigated the molecular trees that attain the maximum and minimum values. As an application, we presented the regression models to predict the acentric factor and entropy of octane isomers. Our extremal graphs give the minimum and the maximum acentric factor and entropy, which satisfied the experimental values.
Distribution, biosynthetic regulation, and bioactivities of mycosporine-2-glycine, a rare UV-protective mycosporine-like amino acid
Authors: Kageyama Hakuto , Waditee-Sirisattha Rungaroon
Published: November 2023

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing substances biosynthesized by specific algae and cyanobacteria. MAAs are thought to contribute to protection against UV radiation in the cells of MAA producers. In addition, it has been reported that MAAs exhibit distinct physiological activities including antioxidant activity, suggesting that they are multifunctional substances. Due to their useful activities, MAAs are also expected to have industrial applications such as skin care, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. We have focused on mycosporine-2-glycine (M2G), a sole MAA biosynthesized by the halotolerant cyanobacterium Halothece sp. PCC7418 (hereafter referred to as Halothece). In cyanobacteria, M2G is a rare MAA that has been detected only in halotolerant strains. We have elucidated the biosynthetic pathway of M2G in Halothece and partially revealed its intracellular dynamics. In addition, we have reported several important bioactivities of M2G from the viewpoints of skin care and antiaging. This review systematically summarizes the distribution, biosynthetic regulation, and bioactivities of M2G.
Active Lifestyle in Schizophrenia
Authors: de Almeida Raquel Simões , Marques António
Published: November 2023

Schizophrenia is a mental illness with intense effects on a person's life. In addition to the psychiatric symptoms, patients with schizophrenia generally have multiple somatic comorbidities, such as cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. High prevalence of an unhealthy lifestyle (smoking habits, poor diets, sedentarism) contributes to the increased risk in these patients. Even though schizophrenia treatment focuses on medication in conjunction with talking therapies, it is essential to address lifestyle choices. Nowadays there is a large body of evidence that suggests that physical activity and exercise can help improve not only schizophrenia patients' physical health but also their mental and psychological wellbeing. This chapter addresses the guidelines for physical activity and exercise interventions for schizophrenia, presenting some programs which combine exercise and therapies to treat schizophrenia, including some novel digital approaches. This chapter also gives some recommendations for an active lifestyle clinical integration providing a literature review on the subject.
Application Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Electrical Engineering Teaching
Authors: Li Zida , Khan Akmal
Published: November 2023

This article combines the characteristics of artificial intelligence technology and educational technology to realize the possibility of application in electrical automatic control systems, and applies artificial intelligence and educational technology to electrical engineering examples such as monitoring fire alarm open circuit design and smoke box appearance inspection in power transformation and distribution systems. Analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on electrical automation technology. The research results show that artificial intelligence and education can make electrical automation technology have the characteristics of simplification, distribution, informatization, diversity, flexibility, continuity, real-time and control complexity. Use artificial intelligence technology and educational technology to effectively analyze and process electrical engineering related parameters and data, reduce the use of lines and transformers, simplify work procedures, reduce error rates, save manpower, material resources and costs, and improve the accuracy of automatic control.
Experimental Investigation for Minimization of Casting Defects Using Taguchi Method
Authors: Edlabadkar Ajinkya P. , Chaudhari Sharad S. , Mankar Chandrashekhar
Published: November 2023

In this work, an attempt is made to reduce Molding defects using Taguchi Method. The input parameters used are Runner Lower Diameter, Runner Upper Diameter, Runner height, In gate height, and Pouring time. The response parameters selected as per the study of molding process requirements of the industry are Product yield(%). The L8 orthogonal array is used as per Taguchi method. The experimentation is conducted and the responses are measured. Significant progress has been made in determining the appropriate values of molding process variables to expand molding quality using diverse techniques during the last few decades. The design of sand-molding process variables has been recognized as one of the most critical aspects of molding quality. This research work focuses on improving the molding quality and yield percentage. The data analysis is made by S/N ratio and ANOVA. The result revealed the optimal setting to minimize the defect.
Geospatial Mapping of Groundwater Potentiality in Sooriyawewa Divisional Secretariat Division by Utilizing GIS
Authors: De Silva U. S. H. , Amasha A. P. Y. , Chathuranga Manjula , Sandamali Janaki
Published: November 2023

The dry zone of Sri Lanka is affected by drought conditions owing to a lack of rainfall. Hence, mapping the distribution of groundwater potential zones is vital for water management. The Hambantota district, which is in the dry zone is a severely afflicted area due to lack of rainfall, and Sooriyawewa divisional secretariat area faces water scarcity. Therefore, this study aims to map groundwater potentiality in the Sooriyawewa divisional secretariat division using a geographical information system. For this study, spatial interpolation techniques, weighted overlay analysis, georeferencing, and digitizing methods were used. In this study, the annual average rainfall, geology, geomorphology, drainage density, lineament density, land use land cover, slope, and soil maps were prepared, and integrating those maps, the final groundwater potential zones map was prepared by using ArcMap 10.5 software. The study found that there were no high-potential groundwater zones in the Sooriyawewa divisional secretariat division and it already consists of low and moderate ranges. Therefore, the final groundwater potential zone map was categorized as very low, low, and moderate. The Percentages of area Coverage according to classes as, very low 2%, low 91%, and moderate 7%. This study can be highly helpful in identifying the groundwater potential zones in the Sooriyawewa divisional secretariat division and in preventing water scarcity because identified groundwater potential zones can be used for effective water management and provide essential information to responsible authorities for decision-making. Furthermore, the identified potential zones can be used for rainwater harvesting and can be used properly for future consumption.
Urban and rural disparities: evaluating happiness levels in Indonesian women
Authors: Idaiani Sri , Saptarini Ika
Published: November 2023

Grasping the underlying determinants of happiness has significant implications for societal growth and individual well-being. To this end, our investigation delved deep into the factors enhancing happiness among Indonesian women, with a spotlight on the disparities evident in urban versus rural settings. From a robust sample size of 38,144 women, we employed logistic regression analysis (using a significance threshold of 0.05) and took advantage of Stata 17's spmap command to meticulously outline happiness averages across provinces. Our analyses revealed a compelling trend: urban women consistently reported more elevated happiness scores (71.51; 95%CI 71.40-71.62) compared to their rural peers (70.19; 95%CI 70.08-70.29), with a significant p-value of 0.001. Parsing this data further, we recognized that across urban and rural landscapes, the nexus between higher education levels, younger age, and augmented household income remained a strong predictor of happiness elevation. Intriguingly, though, densely populated urban hubs did not always translate to heightened contentment. As a directive, policymakers should amplify efforts towards enriching educational and economic landscapes for women in high-density zones. Moreover, the study suggests a pivotal need to explore the idiosyncratic attributes of distant provinces, aiming to translate those lessons to enrich urban living conditions.
Therapeutic Photobiomodulation Before Strenuous Exercise Attenuates Shoulder Muscle Fatigue
Authors: Crow Joshua A. , Stauffer John W. , Levine David , Dale R. Barry , Borsa Paul A.
Published: November 2023

Context

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) applied as a preconditioning treatment before exercise has been shown to attenuate fatigue and improve skeletal muscle contractile function during high-intensity resistance exercise. Practical implications for preconditioning muscles with PBMT before fatiguing exercise include a safe and noninvasive means to enhance performance and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury.

Objective

To examine the muscle fatigue–attenuating effects of PBMT on performance of the shoulder external-rotator muscle group when applied as a preconditioning treatment before high-intensity, high-volume resistance exercise.

Design

Sham-controlled, crossover design.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty healthy men (n = 8) and women (n = 12) between the ages of 18 and 30 years.

Intervention(s)

Photobiomodulation therapy was administered using a near-infrared laser (λ = 810/980 N·m, 1.8 W/cm2, treatment area = 80–120 cm2) to the shoulder external-rotator muscles at a radiant exposure of 10 J/cm2. Participants performed 12 sets of isokinetic shoulder exercise. Each set consisted of 21 concentric contractions of internal and external rotation at 60°/s. The sets were subdivided into 3 blocks of exercise (block 1: sets 1–4; block 2: sets 5–8; block 3: sets 9–12).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Normalized peak torque (N·m/kg), average peak torque (N·m), total work (N·m), and average power (W).

Results

During the last block of exercise (sets 9–12), all performance measures for the active PBMT condition were 6.2% to 10% greater than the sham PBMT values (P < .02 to P < .001).

Conclusions

Photobiomodulation therapy attenuated fatigue and improved muscular performance of the shoulder external rotators in the latter stages of strenuous resistance exercise.
Injury and Treatment Characteristics of Middle School-Aged Patients Under the Care of Athletic Trainers From 2010 to 2022: A Report From the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network
Authors: McCarthy Mary , Sigmon Taylor , Marshall Ashley , Lam Kenneth C. , Koldenhoven Rachel M.
Published: November 2023

Context

Exploring sports-related musculoskeletal injuries and treatment characteristics in middle school sports may help inform patient care decisions such as appropriate medical coverage.

Objective

To describe injury and treatment characteristics of middle school–aged athletes receiving care from athletic trainers within the Athletic Training Practice-Based Research Network (AT-PBRN).

Design

Descriptive study.

Setting

Middle school.

Patient or Other Participants

Middle school–aged athletes (n = 1011; male = 503, female = 506, 2 declined to answer) with sports-related musculoskeletal injuries.

Main Outcome Measures

Electronic patient records were analyzed from the AT-PBRN from 59 athletic trainers across 14 states between 2010 and 2022. Summary statistics (frequency, percentages, median, and interquartile ranges [IQR]) were used to describe injury (age at injury, sex, sport, body part, and diagnosis) and treatment characteristics (type of treatment, number of visits, and number of procedures per visit).

Results

Football (17.7%, n = 179), basketball (17.6%, n = 178), and soccer (14.9%, n = 151) reported the highest number of injuries. The ankle (17.2%, n = 174), knee (16.5%, n = 167), and head (14.1%, n = 143) were the most common injury locations. Concussion (13.0%, n = 131), ankle strain/sprain (12.4%, n = 125), and thigh/hip/groin sprain/strain (11.1%, n = 112) were the most reported diagnoses. Therapeutic exercise or activities (27.6%, n = 1068), athletic trainer evaluation or re-evaluation (24.7%, n = 957), and hot/cold packs (19.8%, n = 766) were the most common services, with a median of 2 visits (IQR = 1 to 4) and 2 procedures (IQR = 1 to 2) per visit.

Conclusions

Football, basketball, and soccer reported the most musculoskeletal injuries for middle school-aged athletes. Concussions were the most frequent diagnosis, followed by ankle sprains/strains. Our findings are similar to prior investigations at the high school and collegiate levels. Treatments at the middle school level were also similar to those that have been previously reported at the high school level with therapeutic exercise/activity, athletic trainer evaluation or re-evaluation, and hot/cold packs being the most common treatments. This information may be useful for informing patient care decisions at the middle-school level.
Comparison of acceptability & efficacy of thermal ablation (thermocoagulation) & cryotherapy in VIA positive cervical lesions: A pilot study
Authors: Verma Manju Lata , Sharma Parul , Singh Uma , Sachan Rekha , Sankhwar Pushp Lata
Published: November 2023

Background & objectives:

The World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed thermal ablation (thermocoagulation) as an efficient and safe modality for treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions. More evidence is being looked up by WHO through rigorous studies for health delivery models using screen-and-treat strategies incorporating thermal ablation and studies comparing it against the conventional standard modality cryotherapy. The objective of this study was to assess the acceptability of thermal ablation both among the providers and clients and compare the same with cryotherapy.

Methods:

A randomized control trial was conducted for one year from September 2019 to October 2020 after obtaining ethics approval. Computer-generated random number table was used for randomization, and eligible candidates were divided into two groups following informed consent. Women with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) positive cervical lesions in Group A received cryotherapy and Group B received thermal ablation. After the procedure, the acceptability of the provider and the client were assessed using the International Agency for Research on Cancer-validated questionnaire for both the procedures. Immediate side effects and problems at six weeks and at six months were assessed as well. Efficacy was decided by the absence of VIA positivity at six months.

Results:

The overall VIA positivity in this study was 11.8 per cent. Thermal ablation (thermocoagulation) had better provision and client acceptability than cryotherapy (significant difference). The efficacy of thermal ablation was 97.6 per cent, while, it was 92 per cent for cryotherapy (not significant).

Interpretation & conclusions:

In the context of screen-and-treat programme in settings such as India, thermal ablation appears to be a better method of treatment than cryotherapy for cervical pre-cancerous lesions particularly in terms of better provision and client acceptability.
Acinetobacter baumannii in suspected bacterial infections: Association between multidrug resistance, virulence genes, & biofilm production
Authors: Gautam Deepan , Dolma Karma Gurmey , Khandelwal Bidita , Goyal Ramesh Kumar , Mitsuwan Watcharapong , Pereira Maria de Lourdes Gomes , Klangbud Wiyada Kwanhian , Gupta Madhu , Wilairatana Polrat , Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Wiart Christophe , Nissapatorn Veeranoot
Published: November 2023

Background & objectives:

Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a nosocomial pathogen with a tendency of high antibiotic resistance and biofilm production. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of A. baumannii from different clinical specimens of suspected bacterial infections and furthermore to see the association of biofilm production with multidrug resistance and expression of virulence factor genes in A. baumannii.

Methods:

A. baumannii was confirmed in clinical specimens by the detection of the blaOXA-51-like
gene. Biofilm production was tested by microtitre plate assay and virulence genes were detected by real-time PCR.

Results:

A. baumannii was isolated from a total of 307 clinical specimens. The isolate which showed the highest number of A. baumannii was an endotracheal tube specimen (44.95%), then sputum (19.54%), followed by pus (17.26%), urine (7.49%) and blood (5.86%), and <2 per cent from body fluids, catheter-tips and urogenital specimens. A resistance rate of 70-81.43 per cent against all antibiotics tested, except colistin and tigecycline, was noted, and 242 (78.82%) isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Biofilm was detected in 205 (66.78%) with a distribution of 54.1 per cent weak, 10.42 per cent medium and 2.28 per cent strong biofilms. 71.07 per cent of MDR isolates produce biofilm (P<0.05). Amongst virulence factor genes, 281 (91.53%) outer membrane protein A (OmpA) and 98 (31.92%) biofilm-associated protein (Bap) were detected. Amongst 100 carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii, the blaOXA-23-like
gene was predominant (96%), the blaOXA-58-like
gene (6%) and none harboured the blaOXA-24-like
gene. The metallo-β-lactamase genes bla
IMP-1 (4%) and blaVIM-1
(8%) were detected, and 76 per cent showed the insertion sequence ISAba1.

Interpretation & conclusions:

The majority of isolates studied were from lower respiratory tract specimens. The high MDR rate and its positive association with biofilm formation indicate the nosocomial distribution of A. baumannii. The biofilm formation and the presence of Bap were not interrelated, indicating that biofilm formation was not regulated by a single factor. The MDR rate and the presence of OmpA and Bap showed a positive association (P<0.05). The isolates co-harbouring different carbapenem resistance genes were the predominant biofilm producers, which will seriously limit the therapeutic options suggesting the need for strict antimicrobial stewardship and molecular surveillance in hospitals.
Facial nerve communication with ansa cervicalis – An unusual anatomical variation
Authors: Gulati S , Tripathy S , Gupta T , Gaba S
Published: November 2023

Neural connections of the seventh cranial nerve with its neighboring nerves are common and well documented; however, communication with ansa cervicalis is as yet unknown. We present a case with such a connection found during cadaveric dissection, with hitherto unknown consequences. In this specimen, after giving the marginal mandibular and cervical branches, the cervicofacial division continued distally to communicate with the distal loop of ansa cervicalis. Presence of such connection may result in facial muscle paralysis on injury to the ansa or strap muscle paralysis on injury to the facial nerve, depending on the direction of nerve fibers. Such unusual connections bring to light the need for extreme care during surgeries in the neck to safeguard any such connections and when using the ansa as donor.
О разностной характеристике кусочно-линейных подстановок поля $\mathbb{F}_{2^{n}}$
Authors: Menyachikhin A V
Published: November 2023

Получены верхние и нижние оценки разностной характеристики подстановок поля $\mathbb{F}_{2^{n}}$, ограничения которых на смежные классы группы $\mathbb{F}^{\times}_{2^{n}}$ по еe подгруппе $H$, $|H|=l$, $l\cdot r=2^{n}-1$, являются отображениями вида $x\to c_{i}x$, $c_{i}\in\mathbb{F}^{\times}_{2^{n}}$, $i=0,…,r-1$.
Нижняя оценка монотонной контактной сложности пороговой функции $T_n^{n-1}$
Authors: Sergeev Igor Sergeevich
Published: November 2023

Доказано, что сложность вычисления пороговой симметрической функции $T_n^{n-1}$ монотонными контактными схемами равна $\Omega(n \log \log n)$.
Palliative care knowledge and attitudes toward end-of-life care among intensive care unit nurses in Jordan
Authors: Hamdan Khaldoun Mohammad , Al-Bashaireh Ahmad M. , Al-Dalahmeh Mohammad , Saifan Ahmad Rajeh , Albqoor Maha Alkaid , Shaheen Abeer M.
Published: November 2023

Background: There is a growing need for palliative care globally due to the rapid aging of the population and improvement in cancer survival rates. Adequate knowledge and a positive attitude are vital for palliative care nurses. The study’s purpose was to examine nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care.Methods: A cross-sectional design with convenience sampling was used. The study included 182 intensive care unit (ICU) nurses from Jordanian hospitals in all sectors. Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyze the data.Results: We measured nurses’ knowledge using the Palliative Care Quiz for Nursing, and we measured nurses' attitudes using the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying scale. The mean total knowledge and attitude scores were 8.88 (standard deviation [SD], 2.52) and 103.14 (SD, 12.31), respectively. The lowest level of knowledge was in psychosocial and spiritual care (mean, 0.51±0.70). The percentage of nurses with unfavorable attitudes was 53.3%. Significant differences in knowledge and attitude levels were observed according to educational level, experience, and hospital type.Conclusions: ICU nurses have insufficient knowledge and inappropriate attitudes toward palliative care. Knowledge of psychological and spiritual aspects of palliative care was particularly lacking as were appropriate attitudes towards communication with dying patients. Improving knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care in nursing schools and hospitals would help overcome this problem.
Healthcare-associated infections in critical COVID-19 patients in Tunis: epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes
Authors: Trifi Ahlem , Sellaouti Selim , Mehdi Asma , Messaoud Lynda , Seghir Eya , Tlili Badis , Abdellatif Sami
Published: November 2023

healthBackground:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted adherences to healthcare-associated infection (HAI) prevention protocols. Herein, we studied the characteristics of all HAIs occurring in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Methods: A retrospective, single-center cohort of critical COVID-19 patients during 2021. Microbiological samples were collected if HAI was suspected. We analyzed all factors that could potentially induce HAI, using septic shock and mortality as endpoints.Results: Sixty-four among 161 included patients (39.7%) presented a total of 117 HAIs with an incidence density of 69.2 per 1,000 hospitalization days. Compared to the prior COVID-19 period (2013–2019), the identification of HAI increased in 2021. HAIs were classified into ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP; n=38), bloodstream infection (n=32), urinary tract infection (n=24), catheter-related infection (n=12), and fungal infection (n=11). All HAIs occurred significantly earlier in the post–COVID-19 period (VAP: 6 vs. 10 days, P=0.045, in 2017 and 2021). Acinetobacter baumannii (39.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27%) were the most commonly isolated pathogens that exhibited a multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile, observed in 89% and 64.5%, respectively. The HAI factors were laboratory abnormalities (odds ratio [OR], 6.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3–26.0), cumulative steroid dose (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3–4.0), and invasive procedures (OR, 20.7; 95% CI, 5.3–64.0). HAI was an independent factor of mortality (OR, 8.5; P=0.004).Conclusions: During the COVID-19 era, the incidence of HAIs increased and MDR isolates remained frequent. A severe biological inflammatory syndrome, invasive devices, and elevated cumulative steroid dosages were related to HAIs. HAI was a significant death factor.
Fundamentals of Design of Experiments for Automotive Engineering Volume I
Authors: Chiang Young
Published: November 2023

In a world where innovation and sustainability are paramount, Fundamentals of Design of Experiments for Automotive Engineering: Volume I serves as a definitive guide to harnessing the power of statistical thinking in product development. As first of four volumes in SAE International’s DOE for Product Reliability Growth series, this book presents a practical, application-focused approach by emphasizing DOE as a dynamic tool for automotive engineers. It showcases real-world examples, demonstrating how process improvements and system optimizations can significantly enhance product reliability. The author, Yung Chiang, leverages extensive product development expertise to present a comprehensive process that ensures product performance and reliability throughout its entire lifecycle. Whether individuals are involved in research, design, testing, manufacturing, or marketing, this essential reference equips them with the skills needed to excel in their respective roles. This book explores the potential of Reliability and Sustainability with DOE, featuring the following topics: - Fundamental prerequisites for deploying DOE: Product reliability processes, measurement uncertainty, failure analysis, and design for reliability. - Full factorial design 2K: A system identification tool for relating objectives to factors and understanding main and interactive effects. - Fractional factorial design 2RK-P: Ideal for identifying main effects and 2-factor interactions. - General fractional factorial design LK-P: Systematically identification of significant inputs and analysis of nonlinear behaviors. - Composite designs as response surface methods: Resolving interactions and optimizing decisions with limited factors. - Adapting to practical challenges with “short” DOE: Leveraging optimization schemes like D-optimality, and A-optimality for optimal results. Readers are encouraged not to allow product failures to hinder progress but to embrace the "statistical thinking" embedded in DOE. This book can illuminate the path to designing products that stand the test of time, resulting in satisfied customers and thriving businesses.