bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FTICR Mass spectrometry imaging at extreme mass resolving power using a dynamically harmonized ICR cell with 1ω or 2ω detection
Authors: Tiquet Mathieu , La Rocca Raphaël , Kirnbauer Stefan , Zoratto Samuele , van Kruining Daan , Quinton Loïc , Eppe Gauthier , Martinez-Martinez Pilar , Marchetti-Deschmann Martina , De Pauw Edwin , Far Johann
Published: February 2022

MALDI mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) is a powerful analytical method providing the 2D localization of compounds from thin sections of typically but not exclusively biological samples. The dynamically harmonized ICR cell (ParaCell©) was recently introduced to achieve extreme spectral resolution capable to provide the isotopic fine structure of ions detected in complex samples. The latest improvement in ICR technology also includes 2ω detection which significantly reduces the transient time while preserving the nominal mass resolving power of the ICR cell. High-resolution MS images acquired on FT-ICR instruments equipped with 7T and 9.4T superconducting magnets and the dynamically harmonized ICR cell operating at suboptimal parameters, suffered severely from the pixel-to-pixel shifting of m/z peaks due to space-charge effects. The resulting profile average mass spectra have depreciated mass measurement accuracy and mass resolving power under the instrument specifications that affect the confidence level of the identified ions. Here we propose an analytical workflow based on the monitoring of the Total Ion Current to restrain the pixel-to-pixel m/z shift. Adjustment of the laser parameters is proposed to maintain high spectral resolution and mass accuracy measurement within the instrument specifications during MSI analyses. The optimized method has been successfully employed in replicates to perform high-quality MALDI MS images at resolving power (FWHM) above 1,000,000 in the lipid mass range across the whole image for superconducting magnets of 7T and 9.4T using 1 and 2ω detection. Our data also compare favorably with MALDI MSI experiments performed on higher magnetic field superconducting magnets, including the 21T MALDI FT-ICR prototype instrument of the NHMFL group at Tallahassee, Florida.
Revealing Hydrogen Bond Dynamics between Ion Pairs in Binary and Reciprocal Ionic Liquid Mixtures
Authors: Dhakal Pratik , Das Sudip Kumar , Shah Jindal K.
Published: February 2022

Molecular dynamics simulations are performed to probe the molecular-level interactions between various ionic pairs in the reciprocal mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the cations 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium [C2mim]+ and 1-n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium [C6mim]+ and dicyanamide [DCA]− and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide [NTf2]− anions. Any enhancement or depletion in these interactions is compared with those existing in equimolar binary mixtures [C2mim][C6mim][DCA], [C2mim][C6mim][NTf2], [C2mim][DCA][NTf2], and [C6mim][DCA][NTf2] and pure ionic liquids [C2mim][DCA], [C6mim][DCA], [C2mim][NTf2], and [C6mim][NTf2]. The simulation results indicate that the [C2mim]+ cation prefers to interact favorably with the strongly coordinating [DCA]− anion through enhanced hydrogen-bonding interactions, while showing no preference towards the other anion in the reciprocal mixture. The average hydrogen bond lifetimes between [C2mim]+ cation and [DCA]− anion increases by a factor of two in the reciprocal mixture compared to that in the pure system. We find that the hydrogen bond lifetimes in the various systems are directly correlated to the first peak intensity in the center-of-mass radial distribution functions for corresponding ion pairs and have a direct bearing on the self-diffusion coefficients of the ions. Our results point to possibilities of tuning interactions between various species in reciprocal ionic liquid mixture by appropriately changing the cation and anion combinations.
Telltale Diamagnetism at 50 K of a Coordination Polymer System
Authors: He Jun , Liu Zhiqing , Tang Liangming , Ye Xinhe , Hu Jieying , XU Zhengtao
Published: February 2022

The synthesis of coordination polymers (e.g., Prussian blue) is as old as modern chemistry, but never stops surprising people. Underlying this rich chemistry is the infinite organic molecules that can be designed to link up various metal ions or clusters. We here report superconductivity observed of a designer coordination polymer system sporting the chemically soft mercaptan and hard carboxyl groups. The mercaptan-carboxyl (dubbed Mercarb, or QiuSuo in Mandarin Pinyin) synergy hints at Daoism and here carries over from the molecular to the solid state: the soft sulfur donors bond with Co2+/Ni2+ (or other transition metal ions) to afford 2D sheets for charge transport, while the interlayer metal-carboxylate domain is more ionic and mediates the transition into the superconductive state. Besides the flexible QiuSuo design, this CP system is open, and allows exchange of molecule guests for tuning the electron-hole balance, in order to achieve high-temperature superconductivity.
Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with Nanosecond Time Resolution
Authors: Schardt Annika , Schmitt Johannes , Engelhard Carsten
Published: February 2022

In this proof-of-principle study, we present our contribution to single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP­MS) developments with a novel in-house built data acquisition system with nanosecond time resolution (nsDAQ) and a matching data processing approach. The new system can continuously sample the secondary electron multiplier (SEM) detector signal and enables the detection of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) as small as 7 nm with a commercial single quadru-pole ICP­MS instrument. Recording of the SEM signal by the nsDAQ is performed with a dwell time of approximately 4 ns. A tailored method was developed to process this type of transient data, which is based on determining the temporal dis-tance between detector events that is denoted as event gap (EG). We found that the inverse logarithm of EG is proportional to the particle size and the number of detector events corresponding to a particle signal distribution can be used to calibrate and determine the particle number concentration of a nanoparticle dispersion. Due to the high data acquisition frequency, a statistically significant number of data points can be obtained in under 30 s and the main measurement time limitation for analyses is merely the sample uptake time and rinsing step between analyte solutions.
Surface Segregation in AgAuCuPdPt High Entropy Alloy: Insights From Molecular Simulations
Authors: Dahale Chinmay , Goverapet Srinivasan Sriram , Mishra Shashank , Maiti Soumyadipta , Rai Beena
Published: February 2022

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are emerging as a novel class of superior catalysts for diverse chemical conversions. The activity of a catalyst is intimately related to the composition and atomic structure at its surface. In this work, we used embedded atom (EAM) potential based Monte Carlo – Molecular Dynamics simulations to study surface segregation in the equimolar AuAgCuPdPt HEA, that was recently shown to be an efficient catalyst for CO2 electrochemical reduction. Firstly, EAM potentials were extensively validated against experimental segregation data for several different binary and ternary compositions. Subsequently, simulations on the HEA were carried out for four different surface orientations, spherical and cubical nanoparticles, to obtain detailed structural and concentration profiles normal to the surface. In all cases, Ag atoms were found to preferentially segregate to the surface while the subsurface layer mainly consisted of Au atoms. No Pt atoms were found on the surface layer for all systems. A detailed analysis neighborhood of each surface site revealed that the atoms formed a finite number of chemically unique clusters. The percentage of chemically unique sites were larger for elements with lower concentration at the surface. Together with the physical diversity surrounding each site, the enrichment of one or more element(s) at the surface also increased its number of unique catalytically active sites. Results from our work suggest that HEAs are prone to surface segregation and such effects must be taken into consideration while modeling the surface chemistry of these materials.
Accounting for species’ thermodynamic activities changes mechanistic interpretations of electrochemical kinetic data
Authors: Williams Kindle , Limaye Aditya , Weiss Trent , Chung Minju , Manthiram Karthish
Published: February 2022

The thermodynamic activity of a reacting species, rather than the concentration of that species, generally determines the rate of a kinetically-limited reaction. In this work we demonstrate the need for the explicit accounting of reacting species’ thermodynamic activities in solution, especially when conducting electrochemical kinetic tests. In hydrogen evolution in an alkaline acetonitrile-water blended electrolyte as well as previously-reported oxygen-atom transfer reactions (cyclooctene epoxidation and cyclohexanone lactonization), we demonstrate that accounting for species thermodynamic activity causes water-dependence measurements to yield different mechanistic interpretations than data which treats concentration as a proxy for activity. We hypothesize many ways in which water contributes to the reaction rate beyond direct participation in the reaction, offer initial molecular interpretations of the water activity-concentration relationship in the blended electrolyte, and discuss implications of these findings for better understanding solvent effects.
El emprendimiento como una alternativa de desarrollo económico post pandemia
Authors: Ponce Arreaga Holger Renato , Guerrero Valarezo Leónidas Augusto , Haro Barre Carla Estefanía
Published: February 2022

Desde finales del 2019 donde se conoció la aparición por primera vez del COVID 19, el mundo ha vivido una reestructuración y reorganización en base a la forma de buscar y generar empleo. A raíz de la pandemia, la población mundial sufrió un impacto severo y un número elevado de muertes, lo que obligó a la OMS declarar pandemia y cuarentena estando aún vigente en algunos países debido a la cantidad de variantes que el virus ha presentado. Lo anteriormente mencionado, ha afectado a todos los países teniendo una incidencia marcada en los niveles económicos y los negocios alterando hasta la vida cotidiana de cada individuo. Debido a la crisis, muchas empresas se vieron en la obligación de cerrar sus puertas y en algunos casos despedir a sus empleados, lo que llevó a varias personas a emprender y crear nuevos negocios, quizás con pocos conocimientos y bajos presupuestos, a manera de conseguir un “rebusque” ante la situación mundial. Sin embargo, gracias a la era de la digitalización, las pequeñas y medianas empresas han emprendido y buscado la manera de llegar a su público objetivo a través de los medios digitales estando en casa mientras se cumple con la cuarentena exigida. En tal sentido, los empresarios han adoptado estas medidas para sostener sus negocios durante estos tiempos sin precedentes, adicionalmente se ha generado una ola de emprendedores quienes se han dado a la tarea de explorar y explotar el medio digital para vender y ofrecer sus productos y servicios. A través de una revisión de literatura, se presenta como el emprendimiento ha sido uno de los desarrollos más marcados en medio de la pandemia.
Geogebra: una herramienta tecnológica para aprender matemáticas
Authors: Ordóñez García Kenia Irene , Molina Ortiz Mario Israel , Ordoñez García Jorge Enrique
Published: February 2022

Actualmente, es un hecho el uso de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) en los procesos de enseñanzas y aprendizajes en todo el mundo, entre los que se puede mencionar el GeoGebra. El GeoGebra es un software interactivo de matemática que reúne dinámicamente geometría, álgebra y cálculo. Recientemente, se han agregado a GeoGebra, desde la versión 5.0, algunas características específicas que permiten la verificación matemática rigurosa y el descubrimiento automático de proposiciones generales sobre figuras de geometría euclídea construidas por el usuario, las llamadas Herramientas de Razonamiento Automatizado (GGb-ART = GeoGebra Automated Reasoning Tools, si consideramos estas siglas respondiendo al nombre de las herramientas en inglés), o de Demostración Automática de Teoremas (DAT). La presente revisión bibliográfica pretende compilar algunas ponencias e ideas que sustenten el tema de las Art GeoGebra y el uso del software en el aprendizaje de las Matemáticas. En consecuencia, se ha decidido desarrollar un estudio de diseño bibliográfico, mediante una metodología de revisión. En los resultados se encontró que una de las nuevas herramientas de GeoGebra es el comando Relación, capaz de investigar diferentes relaciones entre dos o más elementos de una construcción geométrica, al mismo tiempo, compara sus medidas o sus posiciones relativas. Asimismo, por medio de dos nuevas herramientas de alto nivel (Discover and Relation) y el comando Compare de bajo nivel, se obtener mecánicamente tesis verificadas por dos elementos de una construcción, permiten a GeoGebra formular automáticamente las propiedades que se mantienen en una determinada figura, sin requerir ninguna intervención del usuario, excepto la de centrar la investigación de la máquina sobre algunos objetos geométricos dados. En conclusión, este software es de gran importancia en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas en diferentes niveles de educación por sus variadas características y ventajas.
Las matemáticas en los entornos virtuales en tiempos de pandemia en la Educación Superior
Authors: Domínguez De La Torre Luis Javier , Pincay Bohórquez Freddy Steve , Navas Espín William Ricardo , Mata Muñoz Raúl Gustavo
Published: February 2022

La introducción de la Tecnologías de la Información (TIC) y las Nuevas Tecnologías de la Información (NTIC) marcan una pauta respecto a cómo se realizan los procesos comunicativos. La educación no es ajena a los cambios generados por este desarrollo. La educación como un proceso basado en la comunicación, conocimiento e interacciones sociales se ha visto afectada por la nueva cultura digital. Por lo que se espera que las instituciones se transformen ante los retos que se presenten. Las TIC tienen un potencial inmenso para desarrollar la inteligencia en los estudiantes, pero en la mayoría de las escuelas estamos frenando su eficacia de tal manera que, no sólo no los está ayudando, sino que los está cohibiendo. Las TIC son una herramienta, no una solución. La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enfoca hacia una metodología orientada hacia la necesidad de indagar en forma precisa y coherente una situación. Enmarcada dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Las matemáticas en los entornos en los entornos virtuales en tiempos de pandemia en la educación superior. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales impresos, audiovisuales y electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. Si bien es cierto que las tecnologías de la comunicación e información han llegado para de alguna manera mejorar los procesos de enseñanza en la educación, en este caso en el contexto de la educación a distancia y virtual. No hay que olvidar que el profesor sigue siendo esencial para seguir dirigiendo los procesos educativos, mientras que tenga empatía a la hora de interactuar con sus estudiantes, sea proactivo, motivador, con el fin de asimilar los conocimientos. A pesar de que la educación virtual para ser posible tiene que darse varios elementos integradores, todavía hay aspectos que siguen sembrando dudas como es la capacidad que realmente tenga el alumno de entender lo que el profesor está explicando y que este no haga trampa a la hora de ubicar respuestas o solucionar problemas en este caso de estudio como es la matemática, también hay que mencionar que no todos, es decir, profesores y estudiantes tienen la capacidad de acceder a la tecnología y en este contexto las instituciones de educación superior deben apoyar a ambos en el proceso, ya que la tecnología no es problema porque hay abundantes aplicaciones y programas que pueden ser utilizados, el problema son los recursos que se necesitan para utilizarse.
Crecimiento económico y medio ambiente
Authors: Solórzano Chamorro Juan José , Vera Basurto Johannes Stalin , Buñay Cantos Jahaira Paola
Published: February 2022

Todo propósito ya sea social o económico, provoca un impacto directo en el medio ambiente, generando perturbaciones indeseables sobre el mismo. Los daños ambientales son ocasionados principalmente por la sobreexplotación de los recursos naturales y la degradación ambiental a la que son sometidos los ecosistemas. El presente artículo describe y compara diferentes literaturas sobre Crecimiento económico y medio ambiente. Para ello, se recolecta esta información de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas adquiridas de bases de datos (SCOPUS, PubMed, Biblioteca Cochrane, Google Scholar) valorando la calidad y veracidad de la información recopilada, así como la actualidad del contenido. El crecimiento y el desarrollo económico desde antes de la revolución industrial y después de esta, inclusive hasta la actualidad ha estado estrechamente ligado al medio ambiente, ya que el hombre ha encontrado en la explotación de los recursos naturales, medios para el desarrollo de bienes y servicios que han estado ligados al aumento progresivo de la población, lo que ha generado la demanda de bienes, servicios, productos, entre otros. Es indudable que existe entonces una relación directa entre el crecimiento económico y el medio ambiente, como se ha podido observar en esta investigación y en las imágenes de estudios sobre las emisiones de CO2 solo por mencionar al menos uno de los elementos, el aumento de las emisiones de gases que dañan el medio ambiente ha ido en aumento, a pesar de los grandes esfuerzos de organizaciones internacionales (Protocolo de Kioto, Protocolo de Montreal) y sus luchas por la reducción de emisiones de CO2, deforestación ambiental, contaminación de afluentes de ríos, entre otros. En lo que tiene que ver a Ecuador ha tenido grandes avances en la reducción de emisión de dióxido de carbono (CO2) en ámbitos generales independientemente del sector que los emita, con reducciones importantes desde el año 2014. Esto debido a todas las políticas implementadas por el Estado para la conservación del medio ambiente y los recursos naturales.
Intención emprendedora entre estudiantes de FEDER UG: el papel de la educación financiera y emprendedora
Authors: Sánchez Jiménez Kevin Andrés , Cedeño Salazar Pedro Antonio , Morales Maridueña Iván Alfredo , Guadalupe Sánchez Kevin William
Published: February 2022

En las últimas décadas la palabra emprendimiento ha sido una de las más nombradas debido a la cantidad de personas que se han sumado a tomar riesgos sin importar el tiempo y el trabajo duro que esto represente, con la finalidad de iniciar un nuevo negocio que generalmente comienza como una pequeña empresa. Este desempeño, va ligado al impacto que tienen las universidades en enseñar a sus estudiantes conceptos y habilidades que direccionen a la educación financiera y empresarial. En tal sentido, las universidades tanto públicas como privadas, están cada vez más comprometidas en incentivar a sus estudiantes a que se aventuren en el emprendimiento. Es evidente que el concepto de empresario se ha transformado con el tiempo, gracias a las herramientas y aspectos que se tienen a la mano como el acceso a internet, redes sociales entre otras, que todo estudiante debería aprovechar para impulsarse, promoviendo iniciativas empresariales diferentes lejos de los patrones tradicionales y representando una de las principales piezas del desarrollo de la economía mundial. Tomando en cuenta que la intención de la creación de nuevos negocios o empresas conlleva al autoempleo, también representa la generación de empleos para otras personas debido al crecimiento y la necesidad de satisfacer a los clientes. Mediante el desarrollo del siguiente proceso investigativo, se busca observar a través de una revisión de bibliografía la intención de emprender que tienen los estudiantes de la Facultad de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación de la Universidad de Guayaquil ligado con la educación financiera impartida en dicha universidad.
Las finanzas públicas como herramienta en el desarrollo territorial del cantón Guayaquil
Authors: Cedeño Salazar Pedro Antonio , Morales Maridueña Iván Alfredo , Guadalupe Sánchez Kevin William , Sánchez Jiménez Kevin Andrés
Published: February 2022

Las finanzas públicas si son una herramienta de desarrollo en todos los ámbitos, siempre y cuando esta es bien utilizada y hay mecanismos de control para su supervisión. Desarrollo no es solo invertir en servicios públicos, también es el estímulo al fomento de la inversión privada, que entre ambos hacen un binomio perfecto para una mejor calidad de vida y desarrollo territorial, económico, social, entre otros. La metodología utilizada para el presente trabajo de investigación, se enfoca hacia una metodología orientada hacia la necesidad de indagar en forma precisa y coherente una situación. Enmarcada dentro de una revisión bibliográfica de tipo documental, ya que nos vamos a ocupar de temas planteados a nivel teórico como es Las finanzas públicas como herramienta en el desarrollo territorial del cantón Guayaquil. La técnica para la recolección de datos está constituida por materiales impresos, audiovisuales y electrónicos, estos últimos como Google Académico, PubMed, entre otros. La información aquí obtenida será revisada para su posterior análisis. El desarrollo territorial no es solo inversión y mejoramiento de la vialidad, recolección y disposición de desechos sólidos, una mejor distribución o servicio de agua potable, seguridad ciudadana, entre otros, como efectivamente se demuestra en el informe de rendición de cuentas del año 2020 que la municipalidad de Guayaquil invirtió en obras para mejorar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos y desarrollar más el cantón, aun en la coyuntura de la pandemia por un orden de $666.646.137,76, habiendo recaudado $3.694.274.601. Sin embargo, no hay información de nuevos establecimientos de empresas o industrias, ni mucho menos los empleos generados por ellos ni los tributos que estos pagan, sea el sector económico que sea, en este contexto falta ahondar un poco más que y que municipalidad coloque información más actualizada y desagregada, pero lo que sí está claro es que los gobiernos están para proveer calidad de vida y desarrollo.
Perancangan Model Multimedia Perakitan Distributor Valve pada Sistem Pengereman Kereta Api dengan Menggunakan CAD dan 3DS MAX Di PT X
Authors: Cucu Wahyudin  , Ria Komaria
Published: February 2022

Departemen Yi di PT X menggunakan sejumlah alat peraga sebagai alat bantu komunikasi dalam kegiatan presentasi dan kegiatan pengembangan. Kegiatan presentasi bertujuan untuk mengenalkan sistem pengereman kereta api, dari mulai bentuk, cara kerja, penggunaan, perawatan, sampai dengan trouble shooting, dan hal lain yang dianggap perlu. Kegiatan presentasi tersebut dilakukan untuk kepentingan marketing dan untuk kepentingan pelatihan baik untuk kalangan konsumen, maupun tamu undangan yang memiliki kepentingan yang sama. Sementara itu, untuk kepentingan pengembangan, model atau alat peraga tersebut digunakan untuk mempelajari produk tanpa harus marusak produk. Alat peraga atau model yang digunakan di perusahaan saat ini termasuk kedalam model statis yang berupa foto produk, gambar produk, gambar teknik, Lembar Urutan Proses / Lembar Urutan Kerja, gambar perakitan dan sofiware gif animator. Model-model tersebut diperjelas dengan melakukan demonstrasi cara kerja produk dilantai pabrik.
Deskripsi Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis Siswa SMA dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika Kontekstual Ditinjau dari Gaya Kognitif
Authors: Sekarsari Putri , Zuhri Muhammad Saifuddin , Ariyanto Lilik
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika kontekstual ditinjau dari gaya kognitif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 1 Geyer tahun 2020/2021. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 4 orang siswa kelas XI MIPA 1 yang terdiri atas 2 orang siswa bergaya kognitif Field Dependent dan 2 orang siswa bergaya kognitif Field Independent. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah GEFT (Group Embedded Figures Test), tes pemecahan masalah matematika kontekstual, dan pedoman wawancara. Untuk dapat mengetahui kemampuan koneksi matematis siswa maka dilakukan dengan pemberian tes pemecahan masalah matematika kontekstual, dan wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa Field Dependent memiliki kemampuan koneksi matematis yang rendah karena hanya dapat memenuhi 3 indikator dari 5 indikator koneksi matematis. Sedangkan siswa Field Independent memiliki kemampuan koneksi matematis yang baik karena dapat memenuhi 4 indikator dari 5 indikator koneksi matematis.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Memecahkan Masalah Matematika pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Setyawan Arief Danang , Purnomo Djoko , Nursyahidah Farida
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh tingkat kesulitan yang berbeda-beda dari setiap siswa dalam memecahkan masalah matematika, cukup rendahnya pemahaman siswa terhadap matematika dengan pengoperasiannya juga membuat terlaksananya penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan mengenai analisis kesulitan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah pada materi Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel menurut Polya yang ditinjau dari empat indikator yaitu: 1) Memahami masalah, 2) Merencanakan penyelesaian, 3) Melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian, 4) Melihat kembali proses dan hasil. Sedangkan jenis kesulitan ada 3 yaitu: 1) Kesulitan konsep, 2) Kesulitan prinsip, 3) Kesulitan verbal. Data pada penelitian ini adalah hasil wawancara dan hasil tes tertulis. Pengambilan subyek pada penelitian ini yaitu berdasarkan purposive sampling. Subyek yang diambil ada tiga siswa yang berkemampuan tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan: tes tertulis dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis data kualitatif dengan langkah-langkah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Siswa berkemampuan rendah mengalami kesulitan konsep, kesulitan prinsip dan kesulitan verbal sekaligus, 2) Siswa berkemampuan sedang mengalami kesulitan konsep saja, 3) Siswa berkemampuan tinggi tidak mengalami kesulitan baik konsep, prinsip, maupun verbal.
Profil Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMP Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Spasial dan Kemampuan Logis Matematis
Authors: Yuliati Fari Ani , Murtianto Yanuar Hery , Nursyahidah Farida
Published: February 2022

Berpikir kreatif matematis menjadi sangat penting karena kecerdasaan siswa mempengaruhi kreativitas mereka baik kreativitas dari segi menciptakan banyak gagasan maupun proses dalam memecahkan masalah matematika baik yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan kemampuan visual spasial maupun kemampuan logis-matematis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berpikir kreatif siswa SMP yang ditinjau dari kemampuan spasial dan kemampuan logis matematis. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada siswa SNP Negeri 2 Sumowono kelas IX A pada tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan tes kemampuan spasial, tes kemampuan logis matematis, tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif, wawancara serta dokumentasi untuk mengabadikan semua hal-hal penting yang dilakukan saat penelitian. Teknik analisi data dalam penelitian ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan atau verifikasi. Validasi data menggunakan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian dianalisis mengacu pada indikator berpikir kreatif yaitu 1) Fluency (berpikir lancar); 2) Flexibility (Berpikir luwes); 3) Originality (Kebaruan). Hasil siswa berpikir kreatif ditinjau dari kemampuan spasial dan kemampuan logis matematis memenuhi indikator 1) Fluency (berpikir lancar); 2) Flexibility (Berpikir luwes); 3) Originality (Kebaruan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Subjek kemampuan spasial mampu memenuhi semua indikator; (2) Subjek kemampuan logis matematis mampu memenuhi semua indikator.
Pencegahan tindak pidana terorisme di Indonesia
Authors: Mafazi Agung , Bahroni Achmad
Published: February 2022

The various reasons behind the occurrence of this crime are thought to have originated from dissatisfaction with the perpetrator. Dissatisfaction with the economy, law enforcement, social inequality and even dissatisfaction with ideology, are problems that must be resolved. This dissatisfaction is driven by a low understanding of science and knowledge, so that a person or group of people tends to take shortcuts by committing a crime, such as terrorism. The involvement of various parties is important as one of the benchmarks for the success of preventing this crime of terrorism, including the involvement of community organizations such as the Indonesian Ulama Council as an organization to foster people from errors in understanding religious matters. Terrorism is an action that is based on a value system and world view, so that understanding it requires a framework and methodology of thought commonly used in the philosophical tradition. The research method used in this research is juridical-sociological with an empirical approach that is studied philosophically to find a concept of preventing the crime of terrorism through a soft approach.How to cite item: Mafazi, A., Bahroni, A. (2021). Pencegahan tindak pidana terorisme di Indonesia. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(2), 121-128. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i2.4936
Akibat hukum terhadap jual beli tanah yang telah didahului perjanjian nominee dengan warga negara asing
Authors: Sari Norentia Ekunming , Suhariningsih Suhariningsih , Madjid Abdul
Published: February 2022

This article has the intent and purpose of the nominee agreement regarding land rights in Indonesia. This happens because many foreign nationals, hereinafter referred to as foreigners, can own land in Indonesia, while positive law in Indonesia only allows Indonesian citizens who can own land ownership rights in Indonesia. The nominee agreement is legal smuggling that can result in land being returned to the state. However, in the Decision of the Denpasar District Court in 2013 Number 82/PDT.G/2013/PN.DPS, one of the judges' decisions is that land must be resold and the proceeds from the sale of land are divided between foreigners (benefactors) and Indonesian citizens (legal owners) as comparison in a case approach to analyze the sale and purchase of land that has been preceded by a nominee agreement in Indonesia. the action of the Plaintiff who is a foreigner to sell the land and buildings prior to the lawsuit is one of the considerations for the judge in deciding this case. In addition, Defendant I sold the land below the market price. Therefore, the unlawful acts committed by Defendant I and Defendant II over the sale and purchase of rights to the object of the dispute must be accounted for by the Defendants.How to cite item: Sari, N., Suhariningsih, S., Madjid, A. (2021). Akibat hukum terhadap jual beli tanah yang telah didahului perjanjian nominee dengan warga negara asing. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(2), 205-212. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i2.5808
Kajian parameter gender dalam substansi peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia
Authors: Indrayanti Kadek Wiwik
Published: February 2022

This article examines the objectives, principles, and integration of gender equality indicators in the formulation of laws. The method used is normative legal research because it examines some of the substance of laws that are gender biased. The results show that the role of the government in realizing gender equality in Indonesia today has been carried out through laws and regulations, policies and programs but still has to be fought for because in reality there is still a gap between the two sexes, which has an impact on gender discrimination. There are several laws whose substance shows discrimination against women, such as the Marriage Law. Therefore, the concept of gender equality should be understood as a "goal", so that both sexes as citizens can obtain their rights. There are three principles that must receive attention, namely basic equality, non-discrimination and the obligation of the State which is the opening door to improve conditions of gender inequality in society. These two principles should be accommodated in the legislation. Furthermore, the 4 gender indicators namely access, participation, control and opportunity should be integrated in an integrated manner starting from the manufacture of a legal product, then translated into policies and programs.How to cite item: Indrayanti, K. (2021). Kajian parameter gender dalam substansi peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(2), 195-204. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i2.6223
Tanggungjawab PPAT pengganti terhadap surat kuasa membebankan hak tanggungan berobjek izin membuka tanah negara
Authors: Dizan Dinne Diaren , Permadi Iwan , Susilo Hariyanto
Published: February 2022

Permit to open state land based on the Regional Regulation of the City of Balikpapan Number 1 of 2014 concerning State Land Opening Permits is not an object of Mortgage Rights, objects of mortgage rights are land rights that have the status of Property Rights, Business Use Rights, Building Use Rights and Use Rights over state land as described in Article 51 UUPA in conjunction with Article 4 of the Mortgage Rights Law. Since the State Land Opening Permit is not an object of mortgage rights, it is actually not justified if the state land is pledged as repayment of debtor's debt which is bound by an Authorisation for Assignment of Mortgage  IMTN objects as collateral are risky when the debtor is in default. Normative juridical research is a type of research used in this study while using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Research results Inclusion of IMTN objects in SKMHT is not in accordance with the applicable Prevailing Laws. SKMHT that is not in accordance with the provisions of the Mortgage Rights Law, UUPA, and the provisions of the terms of the authenticity of a deed can result in being null and void. The responsibility of the Substitute PPAT is the same as the PPAT, namely personally for the implementation of his / her job duties as well as the PPAT in accordance with Article 41 paragraph (7) of Perkaban No.1 of 2006.How to cite item: Dizan, D., Permadi, I., Susilo, H. (2021). Tanggungjawab PPAT pengganti terhadap surat kuasa membebankan hak tanggungan berobjek izin membuka tanah negara. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(3), 263-273. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i3.4966.
The role of criminal investigation unit in South Sulawesi regional police about law enforcement against makers and hoax information spreaders
Authors: Iskandar Ismail , Muhadar Muhadar , Hijrah Hijrah
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the role of the criminal investigation unit in South Sulawesi Regional Police about law enforcement against hoax spreaders and to investigate crime prevention efforts by the criminal investigation unit in South Sulawesi Regional Police against perpetrators and hoaxes. This research is an empirical juridical study using interview and literature research methods as data collection techniques which are then analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. As for the conclusions of this study, viz. (1), the criminal investigation unit in South Sulawesi Regional Police plays a role in law enforcement against spreading hoax news crime, i.e. conducting investigations and investigations of special crimes, coordination, operational supervision, and administration of PPNS investigations in accordance with laws and regulations provisions. which is carried out based on the ideal role, the expected role, and the actual role, and (2) criminal investigation unit in South Sulawesi Regional Police in enforcing the law against the Crime of Information Dissemination or Hoax News conducts socialization efforts, broadcast public service advertisements and cyber patrols as a preventive or non-penal effort and conducts an investigation and investigation process based on the Criminal Procedure Code and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE) as a repressive or penal effort.How to cite item: Iskandar, I., Muhadar, M., Hijrah, H. (2021). The role of criminal investigation unit in South Sulawesi regional police about law enforcement against makers and hoax information spreaders. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(3), 284-293. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i3.5159.
Idealitas eksistensi hakim komisaris terhadap konstruksi peradilan di Indonesia
Authors: Satriya Bambang , Wahid Abdul , Primudyastutie Mirin
Published: February 2022

This study aims to describe one of the political efforts of legal reform in the field of justice in Indonesia. This research describes that the presence or existence of norms that look at commissioner judges in preliminary examinations is part of an effort to prevent the possibility of the practice of abuse of roles or authorities that can damage the building of the criminal justice system with the modus operandi of violating the rights of suspects, whose role is more specific and has a value of certainty. compared to the role of judges in pretrial as it is today. This type of research in the problem of commissioner judges related to the ideals of legal reform is classified as normative juridical research or doctrinal research. The result obtained is that the existence of this commissioner judge is idealized to have a major impact on the reform of the performance model carried out by law enforcement officers at the fundamental level (investigation and investigation). The pattern of "judicial patronage" which can be understood as a pattern of placing law enforcement officers as masters, while suspects as objects, helpless figures, or "slaves" in the implementation of the criminal justice system, becomes an old disease or condition that reduces the conduciveness and progress of criminal justice, which by the role of the commissioner judge, is idealized to be curable.How to cite item: Satriya, B., Wahid, A., Primudyastutie, M. (2021). Idealitas eksistensi hakim komisaris terhadap konstruksi peradilan di Indonesia. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(3), 254-262. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i3.5974
Pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi dalam cyber pornografi
Authors: Pakpahan Hatarto
Published: February 2022

Writing this article aims to identify and analyze the position of corporations as legal subjects in cyber pornography and forms of corporate criminal liability as active actors and corporations as passive actors in their position as online communication intermediaries as platform providers that can be accessed by the public. In this journal article, normative legal research is used. Corporations as legal subjects are recognized in the ITE Law Article 27 (1) in conjunction with article 52 paragraph 4, but the definition of the corporation itself is vague considering that the ITE Law is not explained especially in general criminal law (KUHP) which does not recognize corporations as legal subjects who can be held criminally responsible. In cyber pornography, corporate criminal liability in terms of corporations acting as active actors can be charged with Article 45 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 52 paragraph 4 of the ITE Law and also Article 40 paragraph (7) of Law 44. of 2008 concerning Pornography, but in the case of corporations act as passive actors, namely as intermediaries for online communication or as platform providers, cannot be held criminally responsible because there are no regulations that regulate it.How to cite item: Pakpahan, H. (2021). Pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi dalam cyber pornografi. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(3), 274-283. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i3.7092.
Perlindungan hukum terhadap pembeli lelang yang tidak menerima objek lelang dalam masa penyerahan
Authors: Liju Natalia Maria , Budiono Abdul Rachmad
Published: February 2022

This study discusses what if it turns out that the object of the auction, when its obligations have been paid off by the buyer, is not appropriate? If there is a legal vacuum, then what can be done to protect buyer rights? This research was made in order to answer questions like this, and then to be able to provide legal certainty and also legal protection for the parties involved in the auction. This research method is normative juridical. The approach used is a statutory approach (Statute Approach) and a concept approach (Conceptual Approach). Auction is a direct public sale that has long been known in Indonesia. However, until now the legislation regarding auctions is very minimal. Auctions in Indonesia are still using the Vendu Regulation Number 1908 Number 189, and then directly regulated using the Regulation of the Minister of Finance such as Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 27 of 2016 concerning Instructions for Auction Implementation. This has resulted in a legal vacuum in some matters regarding auctions. One of them is if the object of the auction submitted during the later delivery is not appropriate. Because this is not regulated in the existing laws and regulations, it results in legal uncertainty for the auction buyer.How to cite item: Liju, N., Budiono, R. (2021). Perlindungan hukum terhadap pembeli lelang yang tidak menerima objek lelang dalam masa penyerahan. Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum, 12(3), 303-313. doi:https://doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v12i3.7095.
Study of dyed safflower collection samples under arid conditions of the Astrakhan region
Authors: Zaitseva Nadezhda Alexandrovna , Klimova Irina Ivanovna , Yachmeneva Ekaterina Vasilievna , Dyakov Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: February 2022

Global climate warming has become one of the main problems of the XXI century.

Cultivation of crops is mainly affected by more frequent droughts, which have asignificant impact on yields. Therefore, it is important to select crops that are drought-resistant and adaptable to the new climate conditions. Safflower is one of the most perspective oilseeds for cultivation in the arid conditions of the dry-steppe zone. As a result, we have distinguished samples exceeding the standard variety Astrakhansky 747 by the number of grains in a basket - Alkyzyl and Talan; by seed weight per one anthode - Gila and Talan, Shakhalli 260; by the number of seeds per plant - Krasa Stupinskaya, Talan and Oker; by weight of seeds per plant - Talan, Alkyzyl, Tsambuli and Krasa Stupinskaya; by weight of 1000 grains - Shifo, Shahalli, Tsambuli, Shirkas and Alkyzyl; by yield - Lesaf 175-1, Gila, VIR 2933, Shirkas and Ahram.
Assessment of the elements of the yield structure and the parameters of adapta-bility of varieties and hybrids of sunflower in the steppe Volga region
Authors: Lekarev Andrey Vladimirovich , Solodovnikov Anatoly Petrovich , Gudova Lyudmila Aleksandrovna
Published: February 2022

The article presents the results of the study of varieties and hybrids of sunflower bred by the Federal Agricultural Research Center for South-East Region in the steppe Volga region. As a result of two-factor analysis of variance, the contribution of factors to the overall variability of the studied indicators was revealed. It was found out that the elements of the yield structure are characterized by significant variability depending on the year, genotype and on the interaction of these factors. As a result of the research, a significant variation of the studied parameters of the sunflower was established. Factor A (variety) had the greatest influence on the anthode diameter - 33.57%; factor B (year) had the greatest influence on the number of seeds from one anthode (44.12%), the mass of 1000 seeds (40.61%); interaction of AB factors on  the weight of seeds from one anthode (35.77%). Calculation of the regression coefficient of the yield of the studied varieties and hybrids of sunflower for varying environmental conditions made it possible to characterize their adaptability. It was found out that hybrids YuVS 3, Everest, Duet, Continent with a regression coefficient of more than 1.0 are characterized by the highest responsiveness to favorable environmental conditions. At the same time, the studied varieties (Skorospelyi 87, Saratovskiy 20, Saratovskiy 87, Stepnoy 81) have less variability in yield over the years of research, which confirms a more pronounced adaptability to unfavorable environmental conditions. In the conditions of the Right Bank of the Saratov Region, on average over three years, the highest yield of sunflower oilseeds had Saratovsky 20 variety (2.72 t/ha) and   Continent hybrid (3.16 t / ha). The sunflower yield depended on the genotype (factor A) by 28.87 %, on the weather conditions of the year (factor B) by 49.26%. The interaction of the two factors was 19.68 %.
Changes of the productivity and nutritional value of ryegrass under the influence of biologics
Authors: Platonov Andrey Viktorovich , Rassokhina Irina Igorevna , Laptev Georgiy Yurievich , Bol'shakov Vladislav Nikolaevich
Published: February 2022

The article explores the impact of microbial biologics on the yield of one-year ryegrass and the quality characteristics of feed obtained during the silage of green crop mass. The introduction of preparations, made on the basis of live strains of microorganisms – Bacillus subtilis (“Naturost”), Lactobacillus buchneri (“Naturost-Aktiv”), and Bacillus megaterium (“Naturost-M”), was carried out by soaking the seeds before sowing and processing vegetative organs of plants. Small-scale field studies were conducted in the Vologda Oblast in 2019–2020, and silage experiments were held in a laboratory. Under the influence of biologics, the productivity of ryegrass green mass has increased up to 41.2 %. Moreover, biologics had an impact on the preservation of nutrients in the produced silage, the yield of feed units, and exchange energy in ryegrass silage mass from the seeding area of the experimental variants was higher, compared to the control, by 36.2–52.8% and 31.3–42.8%, respectively. A high yield of green crop mass was obtained in experiments using the “Naturost-Aktiv” and “Naturost” biologics. In terms of physical and chemical parameters and nutritional value, the best feed was obtained from ryegrass biomass in the variant with a preparation based on Bacillus subtilis (“Naturost”) bacteria.
Brief Results of pear breeding at the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding
Authors: Sedov Evgeniy Nikolaevich , Krasova Nina Glebovna , Dolmatov Evgeniy Alekseevich
Published: February 2022

Pear breeding has been carried out at the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (previously, Orel Fruit-Berry Experimental Station) since 1949. As a result of large-scale breeding work during this period, 3 pear cultivars with summer fruit ripening – Orlovskaya Krasavitsa, Orlovskaya Letnya and Pamyatnaya, 4 cultivars with autumn fruit ripening-Yeseninskaya, Muratovskaya, Pamyat Parshina, Tyutchevskaya and Lira with winter fruit ripening were created and included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. The article gives brief economic and biological characteristics of 8 new pear cultivars.