bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Baêta Adelaide Maria Coelho
Published: May 2020

Neste segundo número daRevista Gestão & Tecnologia comparecem estudos relacionados aos desafios da gestão contemporânea no estabelecimento de parcerias e alianças estratégicas. Em momentos de grande instabilidade ambiental, a intensificação dos relacionamentos interorganizacionais tem sido um dos recursos adotados por empresas ao redor do mundo no intuitoda sobrevivência. Neste novo contexto de grande interação, observa-se a proliferação de redes e  outras formas de alianças . Apesar de sua importância, esse fenômeno tem recebido pouca atenção na capacitação e formação de gestores para atuar numa sociedade em ritmo de mudanças e que busca caminhos para o desenvolvimento sustentável e a preservação ambiental.
Gestão da política de saúde e as organizações do terceiro setor
Authors: Junqueira Luciano A. Prates
Published: May 2020

A descentralização que vem ocorrendo no aparato estatal brasileiro transfere para o terceiro setor, também denominado organizações sem fins lucrativos, competências para a gestão das políticas sociais de responsabilidade do Estado. Essas organizações em caráter complementar realizam, em parceria com o Estado, a prestação de serviços de saúde, constituindo uma alternativa para fazer frente aos problemas que afetam a população. As instituições sem fins lucrativos e as organizações estatais, articulando-as em ações de atenção, facilitam o acesso da clientela ao atendimento, dando maior resolutividade aos problemas de saúde sem contudo substituir a ação do Estado, que dispõe de maior capacidade de cobertura das demandas de saúde.
Contribuições para o planejamento de parques tecnológicos urbanos
Authors: Zouain Desirée Moraes
Published: May 2020

O fenômeno da globalização dos mercados, que vem se desenvolvendo de forma acelerada, introduz novas demandas e desafios com relação a políticas e a mecanismos que promovam a geração e a disseminação do conhecimento como base para a competitividade empresarial e o crescimento econômico (Albagli, 1999; Cassiolato & Lastres, 1999; Salomão, 1998; Terra, 2000).
Innovation: the endless transition
Authors: Etzkowitz Henry
Published: May 2020

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Editorial
Authors: Lara José Edson
Published: May 2020

Prezado Leitor, Em qualquer contexto, mas especialmente em tempos críticos como o que estamos vivenciando, nenhuma solução para grandes problemas da humanidade prescinde da integração e fortalecimento de laços de cooperação entre os povos. A intensidade da cooperação pode acontecer em amplitude de alto a baixo contexto. Sob qualquer condição, é fundamental o respeito à autonomia, ou livre arbítrio, à história, às aspirações e às condições de vida dos povos.Um dos fortes veículos de integração entre os povos, consiste na colaboração entre pesquisadores acadêmicos por meio da publicação científica. Através da ciência e da tecnologia os pesquisadores intercambiam elementos essenciais, tais como as epistemologias, as teorias, as morfologias, as metodologias, as tecnologias e as métricas próprias dos conhecimentos. É nestes ditames que os conhecimentos evoluem, tal como é possível constatar pela evolução de culturas milenares, como se verifica no Oriente Médio. É neste sentido que outras nações, como o Brasil, têm muito a aprender sobre a evolução dos povos.
Os porquês da tecnologia blockchain ainda não ter sido popularizada: um ensaio teórico
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo , Freitas Angilberto
Published: May 2020

A tecnologia Blockchain tem se mostrado revolucionária em suas utilidades sem, no entanto, popularizar-se no Brasil e no mundo. Por meio de uma sistemática revisão da literatura, busca-se ir de encontro a essa questão, bem como analisar o atual estágio de pesquisas existentes. O objetivo deste ensaio teórico é contribuir para que sejam traçadas linhas de investigação que pretendam ampliar o conhecimento sobre o atual estágio do fenômeno em questão. Este estudo fornece uma análise qualitativa do estado da arte sobre o tema que complementa métodos tanto qualitativos como quantitativos mais tradicionais de revisão de literatura. O ensaio conclui que é preciso que soluções aos questionamentos aqui apresentados sejam elaboradas para que então essa tecnologia possa ser amplamente difundida, bem como para que a sociedade possa usufruir de tudo o que ela tem a oferecer.
Diversificação industrial baseada na acumulação de domínio tecnológico: uma análise empírica na Iguaçu
Authors: Gonzalez Rafael Kuramoto
Published: May 2020

A pesquisa investiga como a acumulação de domínio tecnológico possibilitou que a Cia. Iguaçu de Café Solúvel explorasse alternativas de diversificação industrial. A literatura de inovação apresenta um desenvolvimento considerável acerca dos impactos para as organizações. Contudo, ainda encontra-se uma lacuna quando se trata de como a acumulação de domínio tecnológico gera conhecimento e abre janelas de oportunidades para diversificação industrial. Não obstante, alguns estudos consideram que indústrias baseadas na agroindústria não são capazes de gerar externalidades positivas e desenvolvimento tecnológico e industrial. Com base em uma estratégia de estudo de caso em profundidade na agroindústria do café solúvel com cobertura de longo prazo foi encontrado evidências que o processo de diversificação que a Iguaçu realizou foi resultado da acumulação de domínio tecnológico. Desta forma, a pesquisa conclui que agroindústrias podem sim exercer o papel de geradoras de inovação, tecnologia e diversificação industrial.
Melhoria no acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer de mama: a experiência do município de Guarulhos/ SP
Authors: Garcia Renan Marani , Lopes Evandro Luiz
Published: May 2020

No âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde, a população encontra diversas dificuldades no acesso a consultas e exames voltados à prevenção e tratamento do câncer de mama. Neste sentido, o artigo teve como objetivo descrever a experiência do município de Guarulhos/SP na ampliação do acesso ao diagnóstico por meio da implementação de mudanças no processo de regulação e encaminhamento dos casos para tratamento. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo quantitativo, realizado com base nas informações de uma série histórica no período de 2016 a 2017. A coleta de informações ocorreu pelo sistema de informações de saúde do Ministério da Saúde – TABNET, com análise dos dados de produção ambulatorial. Mensurou-se o número de mamografias realizadas e o número de casos encaminhados para tratamento do câncer. Foi possível verificar o aumento de 14,85% nos exames de mamografia para diagnóstico e o aumento de 79,88% nos casos encaminhados para o tratamento do câncer.
Implantação do sistema integrado de gestão de laboratórios de pesquisa: um relato da experiência na UFABC
Authors: Imamura Ferreira da Silva Artur Leonardo , Oliveira Keilla Dayane Da Silva , Mantoan Alyne , Dos Santos Isabel Cristina
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: descrever como o processo de implantação do sistema integrado de gestão de laboratórios de pesquisa, pode facilitar na transparência e na racionalização dos espaços de pesquisa.Metodologia: a pesquisa tem uma abordagem qualitativa, realizada por um relatório técnico sobre o processo de implantação do Sistema Integrado de Gestão de Laboratórios de Pesquisa da UFABC. A coleta de dados foi baseada nas técnicas de análise documental e observação participante, ocorridas entre outubro de 2017 e dezembro de 2019, e análise de documentos.Originalidade/Relevância: esta pesquisa contribui para a discussão sobre a necessidade das instituições de ensino e pesquisa implementarem sistemas integrados de gestão de laboratórios de pesquisa e quais são seus benefícios.Resultados: os resultados deste estudo demonstraram que a implementação do SIG laboratórios contribuiu para a transparência e racionalização dos espaços de pesquisa dentro da UFABC. Ademais, o sistema passou a ser visto como um ativo estratégico na gestão de bens públicos dentro da universidade.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: A experiência relatada nesta pesquisa apresenta resultados objetivos sobre uma forma estruturada e sistematizada de gestão de laboratórios de pesquisa dentro de uma universidade e induz à reflexão acerca do aperfeiçoamento do modelo de gestão uso do recurso público por meio do SIG.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: Este artigo apontou que o sistema de gestão integrada aplicado aos laboratórios de pesquisa pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz para proporcionar o melhor uso aos ativos públicos e também trazer transparência e uso racional dos espaços e recursos para a pesquisa.
Inteligência artificial na formalização de contratos - análise do impacto em uma instituição financeira brasileira de médio porte
Authors: Cunha Carlos , Silveira Heber
Published: May 2020

RESUMOObjetivo do estudo: Descrever impactos potenciais da aplicação de IA na formalização de contratos, apresentando o caso concreto dos contratos de financiamento em uma instituição financeira de médio porte. Metodologia/abordagem: Abordagem descritiva e documental do modelo tradicional de formalização de contratos na instituição, comparando-o com o modelo praticado atualmente (“modelo híbrido”), que utiliza elementos de IA de forma embrionária. Por fim, analisaremos os ganhos potenciais do emprego ampliado da IA. Originalidade/Relevância: Relato Técnico com descrição detalhada do processo de automação de contratos. Esse tipo de estudo ainda não foi extensamente explorado no Brasil, e os trabalhos mais comumente observados advém da área de Direito. Não identificamos, no Brasil, trabalhos com foco nos impactos financeiros e organizacionais da aplicação de IA a um processo específico, assim como nas adaptações necessárias aos processos para aplicação parcial ou total da IA. Principais resultados: O “modelo híbrido” reduziu o prazo de formalização de 5 para 0 dias úteis, com redução de 19% nos custos. Esses ganhos ainda são pequenos se comparados aos ganhos potenciais do emprego ampliado da IA. A implementação de um modelo com utilização total de IA poderia, segundo nossas previsões, reduzir o custo total da formalização de contratos a 12% do dispêndio do modelo tradicional. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: As contribuições metodológicas estão embasadas no detalhamento dos procedimentos, esclarecimento de conceitos de Gestão da Informação, mensuração do impacto e aplicabilidade prática do método de automação empregado.
PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI AMPAS TAHU DAN PENAMBAHAN PISANG AMBON PADA SNACK BARKEDELAI UNTUK OLAHRAGAWAN (ASPEK DAYA TERIMA, EKONOMI DAN KANDUNGAN GIZI)
Effect of Bean Curd Substitution and Addition of Ambonese Banana on Soybean Snack bar Formula for Athletes (Acceptability, Economic Value, and Nutritional Aspects)

Authors: Saputro Brilliant Anjar , Adi Annis Catur
Published: May 2020

Degradation of sport performance in Indonesian athletes was recorded in Sea Games 2017 and FIFA rank in 2015. Some of athletes’ main problem are lack of stamina and endurance. These problem are caused by insuffi cient carbohydrate and energy intake. In addition, selection of tofu curd waste and banana are purposed to provide adequate potasium intake. This study was aimed to reveal the eff ect of bean curd waste and the addition of Ambonese bananas to the acceptability, nutritional value and economic value of the formulated snack bars.The used design was true experiment with completely randomized design. This study employed untrained panelists including athletes with weight restrictions (gymnastics and sports combat with weight classes) as many as 30 people.The percentage of bean curd waste substitution was P1: 12%; P2: 16%; P3: 25%, and 10% added banana. Statistical test results Friedman confi rmed a signifi cant diff erence in the level of preference on the texture and taste aspects between control and other formula. The results of the acceptability, nutritional value and economic value ranking obtained the optimum value in formula two (P2).Nutritional value for 100 grams of snack bar P2 (cohydrate: 41.6 g; fi ber: 8.7 g; potassium: 514 mg) has been able to contribute at least 10% of the daily energy needs of athletes. Laboratory test results for fi ber and potassium can meet 16.7% and 10.9% of the daily needs of athletes. Hence, formulated snack bar can be claimed to be high in fi ber and potassium products. The most aff ordable price of the formulated product was 7,000 IDR per 125 g which is more economical than the commercial soybean-based snack bar. Therefore, the formulated snack bar can be recommended as a complementary meal of athlete with weight restrictions.
LINGKAR PINGGANG DAN ADIPONEKTIN PADA REMAJA OBESITAS
Waist Circumference and Adiponectin in Obese Adolescents

Authors: Widjaja Nur Aisiyah , Prihaningtyas Rendi Aji , Hanindita Meta Herdiana , Irawan Roedi
Published: May 2020

Obesity causes low-grade chronic infl ammation. Adiponectin is an anti-infl ammatory cytokine. Increased waist circumference in obesity infl uences pro-infl ammatory and anti-infl ammatory cytokine levels which increase the risk of metabolic complications. This study was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Clinic of Children's Hospital Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya. Subjects were chosen consecutively as many as 59 obese adolescents with inclusion criteria: obesity, aged 13-16 years, and having parents / guardians who were willing to follow the research and exclusion criteria: taking drugs, such as dyslipidemia, getting hormone therapy, suff ering from secondary obesity , suff ers from endocrine abnormalities, and has an infection or infl ammatory disease. Anthropometric examination was performed on subjects, including body weight, height, and waist circumference. Body Mass Index (BMI) is measured by weight calculation (kg) divided by height squared (meters) and plotted into the CDC 2000 curve. Obesity is established if a Body Mass Index/Age (BMI/A) >P95 is obtained according to age and sex on the CDC 2000 curve. Adiponectin levels are examined using venous serum with ELISA. The relationship between waist circumference and adiponectin levels was analyzed by Pearson correlation. 59 subjects were included in this study. The mean of waist circumference and adiponectin were 100.18 ± 10.63 cm and 7,84 ± 3,81 μg / ml. Statistic test showed that there is no correlation between waist circumference and adiponectin levels in obese adolescents (p>0,05). There is no correlation between waist circumference and adiponectin levels in obese adolescents. Factors that aff ect the correlation between waist circumference and adiponectin include race, diet and physical activity
The Influence of a University Homeschool Physical Education Program on Fundamental Motor Skills and Self-Confidence
Authors: Buns Matthew , LaValle Kallie
Published: May 2020

Individuals are both more likely to participate in sports, exercise, and physical activity when they are skilled. Therefore, motor skills and skilled movement should be viewed as prerequisites to a physically active lifestyle. Children and adolescents who have achieved fundamental motor competence are also believed to perceive themselves as being competent although there is inconsistency in the results so far reported in the literature. Despite the unprecedented growth home homeschool education, studies have not examined the development of motor competency of homeschool students or its relationship to confidence. The current investigation examined the influence fundamental motor skill development and self-confidence of students enrolled in a university homeschool physical education program. Results from the pre-test (M = 13.92, SD = 2.8) and post-test (M = 20.75, SD = 3.5) fundamental motor skill observations indicate that the homeschool program led to an improvement in overall skill, t(52) = 12.05, p< .001 (E.S. = 1.06). Dependent-samples t-test produced significant results from pre to post for research participants [t (1,52) = 27.26 , p<.05, E.S. = 1.10], who improved their self-efficacy over the course of the study [baseline M self-efficacy = 71.92, SD= 16.52, endline M self-efficacy = 88.87, SD =15.34]. This study showed that a university homeschool physical education program can lead to improvements in the developmental of fundamental motor skills and self-confidence.
Caractéristiques et maîtrise de la fonction de reproduction chez les cervidés
Authors: LOCATELLI Y. , MERMILLOD P.
Published: May 2020

Ces dernières années, l’élevage de cervidés s’est considérablement développé en Nouvelle-Zélande pour devenir une industrie profitable. Alors que quelques cervidés (daim d’Europe et cerf élaphe) font l’objet de domestication et d’élevage dans un but commercial, d’autres espèces et sous-espèces de cervidés sont menacées d’extinction dans le milieu naturel. Les travaux de recherches effectués afin de mieux caractériser et maîtriser la fonction de reproduction de ces ruminants sont présentés dans cette étude bibliographique.
Il apparaît qu’à l’instar de nos ruminants domestiques (ovins, caprins), les cervidés originaires des zones tempérées sont généralement caractérisés par un saisonnement marqué de leur fonction de reproduction. Ces variations saisonnières d’activité sexuelle sont dictées par les variations photopériodiques et permettent la naissance des jeunes en fin de printemps. Chez les cervidés, les différences entre les périodes d’activité et de repos sexuels semblent beaucoup plus marquées en comparaison de nos ruminants domestiques. La période d’activi-té sexuelle est variable d’une espèce à l’autre (été, automne ou début de l’hiver) mais très fixe pour une espèce donnée. La période de repos sexuel traduit des modifications importantes dans les sécrétions de gonadotrophines et se caractérise notamment par une aspermie complète chez le mâle. Chez la femelle, l’état d’anoestrus est profond et associé à une absence d’ovulation. La durée de gestation est également variable d’une espèce à l’autre mais est remarquablement fixe pour une espèce donnée.
Chez les cervidés originaires des zones subtropicales et selon les espèces, les variations d’activité sexuelle sont plus discrètes permettant une répartition des mises bas plus ou moins homogène au cours de l’année, y compris lorsque les animaux sont transportés sous des latitudes élevées.
Dans le cas des espèces de cervidés menacés d’extinction, l’utilisation des biotechnologies de la reproduction et des méthodes de procréation assistée pourrait, à terme, faciliter la réalisation des programmes conservatoires. Les techniques classiques de production in vivo d’embryons basées sur l’ovulation multiple, l’insémination artificielle et le transfert embryonnaire se sont avérées difficilement applicables aux cervidés. Aussi, les recherches portent actuellement sur le développement de techniques de production in vitro d’embryons.
Cryoconservation des embryons des espèces domestiques
Authors: GUIGNOT F.
Published: May 2020

Le début de la cryoconservation d’embryons de mammifères remonte aux années 70. Depuis, les techniques se sont multipliées et diversifiées pour essayer de répondre aux problèmes que posaient certaines espèces, certains stades de développement embryonnaire et les embryons fragilisés comme les embryons produits in vitro, issus de clonage ou encore les embryons biopsiés. Sont principalement utilisées, la congélation lente qui est basée sur l’équilibration progressive entre les cryoprotecteurs et le compartiment aqueux de l’embryon, la vitrification qui transforme rapidement la phase liquide du cytoplasme embryonnaire en phase solide amorphe appelée «état vitreux», et l’OPS (Open Pulled Straw) qui est une vitrification très rapide. Chaque technique a ses avantages et ses inconvénients, mais la congélation lente est actuellement la technique de référence sur le terrain en ovin, caprin et bovin avec des embryons produits in vivo. Par contre, pour les porcins, seule la technique d’OPS permet une bonne cryconservation des embryons. Dans l’espèce équine, aucune technique ne donne de très bons résultats : les poulains nés après transfert d’embryons cryoconservés sont encore rares.
La production de viande bovine à partir de femelles de réforme
Authors: CABARAUX J.F. , DUFRASNE I. , ROUX M. , ISTASSE L. , HORNICK J.L.
Published: May 2020

Dans l’Union Européenne, la moitié des gros bovins abattus sont des femelles, dont 60 % de vaches adultes et 40 % de génisses, essentiellement de races laitières. Les causes qui conduisent ces animaux à la réforme sont multiples et varient fortement d’un pays à l’autre et même d’un troupeau à l’autre. Leur engraissement est de ce fait nettement plus difficile et aléatoire que celui des jeunes taurillons, eu égard à l’hétérogénéité de leurs caractéristiques lors de la réforme. Parmi celles-ci, on peut citer : l’âge, la race et le format, l’état sanitaire, l’état physiologique, l’état corporel. Les modalités de finition (au pâturage ou à l’auge) et d’alimentation sont également des sources de variations importantes. Cet article propose de passer en revue les principaux facteurs pouvant influer sur la finition des femelles de réforme.
Facteurs de production et qualité sensorielle des fromages
Authors: COULON J.B. , DELACROIX-BUCHET A. , MARTIN B. , PIRISI A.
Published: May 2020

Cette revue fait le point sur les connaissances acquises au cours des 10 dernières années sur les relations entre les facteurs de conduite des animaux (génétiques, physiologiques, alimentaires) et la qualité sensorielle des fromages. Chez la vache, avec des fabrications au lait entier, la race peut modifier les caractéristiques de texture des fromages. Cet effet est essentiellement lié aux différences de composition chimique des laits et donc de gras/sec des fromages. Au sein d’une même race, des différences importantes de texture et de goût ont été observées en fonction des variants génétiques de la caséine β (espèce bovine) et surtout αs1 (espèce caprine). Le stade physiologique n’a un effet marqué sur la couleur, la texture et le goût qu’en tout début ou en toute fin de lactation. En revanche, les mammites ont un effet négatif important sur les caractéristiques sensorielles des fromages. L’utilisation d’ensilage de maïs conduit toujours à des fromages plus blancs et parfois à des différences de flaveur. Lorsqu’elle est correctement réalisée, la conservation de l’herbe sous forme d’ensilage comparativement au foin ne modifie pas ou peu les caractéristiques sensorielles des fromages, en dehors de leur couleur, plus jaune avec l’ensilage. Par contre, d’importantes différences de caractéristiques sensorielles sont observées entre des fromages selon que le lait provient de vaches recevant une ration à base d’herbe conservée ou conduites au printemps, au pâturage. Plusieurs essais récents ont mis en évidence un effet de la composition botanique des fourrages ingérés par les vaches laitières sur la texture et la flaveur des fromages. Ces différents effets sont dus à la présence dans le lait de molécules ou de structures issues directement de l’alimentation (carotènes, terpènes) ou produites par l’animal (plasmine, acides gras, structure des micelles de la caséine) en raison de ses caractéristiques génétiques ou physiologiques ou sous l’effet d’une alimentation spécifique.
La construction collective de la qualité sur un territoire : l’exemple de l’appellation d’origine contrôlée "Maine-Anjou" en viande bovine
Authors: NOURY J.M. , De FONTGUYON G. , SANS P.
Published: May 2020

L’Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée est un signe de qualité encore rare en viande bovine et les efforts d’un groupe d’éleveurs de Maine-Anjou pour l’obtenir relèvent d’une démarche innovante. Afin d’enrayer le déclin inquiétant de cette race locale au profit des grandes races à viande nationales, ces éleveurs sont parvenus à mieux valoriser les caractéristiques originales de leur viande et son lien au terroir à l’aide d’une A.O.C.  leur force est d’avoir suscité l’intérêt durable d’un réseau d’hypermarchés, qui cherchait à mieux segmenter l’offre de ses rayons boucherie. Leur partenariat avec un distributeur moderne et un industriel de l’abattage apparaît comme un moyen de dépasser les réticences des organisations professionnelles agricoles de la région.
Le phosphore : sources, flux et rôles pour la production végétale et l’eutrophisation
Authors: CASTILLON P.
Published: May 2020

Le phosphore constitue un élément stratégique pour la vie sur terre en raison de sa faible disponibilité dans la plupart des milieux. Les réserves mondiales, constituées de gisements de phosphates apatitiques pour l’essentiel, sont limitées. Au rythme actuel de leur exploitation elles risquent d’être épuisées dans une centaine d’années ce qui n’empêche pas des rejets intempestifs dans les cours d’eau. Ceux-ci sont la cause première de l’eutrophisation de certains milieux aquatiques dont la maîtrise passe obligatoirement par la réduction des rejets, et tout particulièrement de ceux qualifiés de ponctuels.
Malgré son caractère essentiellement diffus, le transfert de phosphore vers le réseau hydrographique imputable aux activités agricoles est loin d’être négligeable. Cela est particulièrement vrai dans les zones d’élevage dont les exploitations sont très souvent en excédent structurel de phosphore recyclé en permanence par le biais des fumiers, lisiers et autres effluents épandus sur les terres cultivées. La diminution des rejets de P par les animaux constitue sans doute de ce fait la principale voie par laquelle l’agriculture peut contribuer à l’effort collectif de maîtrise du problème de l’eutrophisation.
Variabilité inter et intra matière première de la teneur en phosphore total et phytique et de l’activité phytasique
Authors: TRAN G. , SKIBA F.
Published: May 2020

La valeur «phosphore» des aliments, dont la connaissance est nécessaire pour maîtriser les apports nutritionnels et les rejets dans l’environnement, est caractérisée par les teneurs en phosphore total et en phosphore phytique par l’activité phytasique endogène. Les teneurs en phosphore total varient fortement entre matières premières : de moins de 1 g/kg (paille de blé) à plus de 210 g/kg (certains phosphates). Le phosphore total représente en général moins de 20 % des matières minérales et le ratio phosphore total / matières minérales (P/MM) est caractéristique d’une famille biologique. Ainsi, pour les céréales et les graines oléagineuses (2 à 8 g/kg de phosphore total), l’extraction de l’amidon ou de l’huile conduit à une concentration en matières minérales avec un ratio P/MM relativement constant pour une espèce donnée (20 % pour le blé, 10 % pour le soja). Pour les produits végétaux autres que les grains et graines et leurs coproduits, les teneurs en phosphore total sont plus faibles (moins de 3 g/kg) et moins corrélées aux teneurs en matières minérales.
Le phosphore phytique constitue en général de 50 à 80 % du phosphore total des matières premières végétales, avec une grande variabilité intra-espèce (30 à 90 % pour le blé). Les phytases végétales sont présentes de façon significative dans le seigle (plus de 5000 U/kg), les issues de blé, le triticale, l’orge et le blé, avec là encore une grande variabilité intra-espèce (de 250 à 1000 U/kg pour le blé).
Différentes études montrent que le principal facteur de variation de la teneur en phosphore ou en phosphore phytique des céréales est le lieu de culture, à travers la fertilisation phosphatée et azotée ou le climat. Il existe souvent une relation linéaire reliant les deux critères. L’activité phytasique endogène semble surtout déterminée génétiquement mais en interaction avec le lieu de culture, ce qui rend ce critère difficilement sélectionnable. Elle n’est pas liée à la teneur en phosphore ou en phosphore phytique. Par ailleurs, les phytases végétales, comme les phytases exogènes, sont sensibles à la chaleur et il convient d’évaluer spécifiquement pour chaque atelier de fabrication l’effet de la technologie sur l’activité phytasique. La mesure de cette activité est enfin fortement sujette à des variations inter-laboratoires. De façon générale, la prédiction des teneurs en phosphore et surtout de l’activité phytasique n’est pas aisée, et les mesures de laboratoire sont souvent nécessaires.
Évolutions récentes des recommandations d’apport en phosphore pour les ruminants
Authors: MESCHY F. , RAMIREZ-PEREZ A.H.
Published: May 2020

Des révisions récentes des recommandations d’apport alimentaire en phosphore (P) ont été publiées tant en France qu’à l’étranger (USA, Pays-Bas, Pays nordiques...). Toutes convergent vers une réduction de l’ordre de 15 % de l’apport alimentaire de P. Après en avoir rappelé les bases, cet article analyse les conséquences de l’application de ces Apports Journaliers Recommandés (AJR) qui doivent permettre une réduction substantielle des rejets en P dans les élevages de ruminants. La réduction de l’apport alimentaire associée à des différences de vitesse de solubilisation de P dans le rumen selon les aliments réactualise l’étude de la couverture des besoins en P des micro-organismes, principalement de ceux des bactéries. Les résultats disponibles ne montrent pas de modification notable de l’activité fermentaire dans des conditions de production salivaire (prise alimentaire et rumination) normales. Une attention particulière doit être portée à l’évaluation de l’apport alimentaire réalisé par les rations, en particulier leur fraction fourragère ; la réduction des AJR et une surestimation de l’apport effectif de P constituent un risque important de situations carentielles. Il n’y a pas lieu de modifier les pratiques de complémentation minérale des rations, le choix de l’Aliment Minéral (AM) et la quantité à distribuer quotidiennement doivent être établies selon la même démarche que précédemment. Dans ce domaine, il faut se garder de simplifications extrêmes (par exemple réduire de moitié la quantité d’AM distribuée habituellement) qui conduiraient à une correction nettement insuffisante des rations de base pour les autres éléments minéraux et pour les vitamines. Pour répondre pleinement à leur objectif de réduction des rejets en P dans le respect des performances et de la santé des animaux, les AJR doivent donc être appliqués sur une base rationnelle.
Le phosphore dans la nutrition des porcs
Authors: JONDREVILLE C. , DOURMAD J.Y.
Published: May 2020

Limiter les apports alimentaires de phosphore (P) aux porcs pour en réduire les rejets suppose la mise en œuvre de stratégies d’alimentation permettant de mieux ajuster les apports aux besoins des animaux et mettant en œuvre des voies d’amélioration de la disponibilité de P. Un système d’évaluation de la valeur P des aliments et d’estimation des besoins des animaux s’appuyant sur la digestibilité fécale apparente est proposé. L’impact de facteurs de variation de la digestibilité de P tels que la proportion de P phytique dans P total et la présence de phytases, végétales ou microbiennes, est quantifié. Le nouveau système représente un progrès par rapport à la formulation sur la base de P total, même si l’impact d’autres facteurs de variation identifiés reste à quantifier. Les bases de l’estimation factorielle du besoin en P sont exprimées conformément au concept de digestibilité apparente. Des exemples d’estimation du besoin en P digestible apparent de porcelets, porcs en engraissement et truies en lactation ou en gestation selon leurs caractéristiques et performances sont présentés. Des marges de progrès sont encore possibles pour réduire les apports alimentaires de P aux truies, mais elles devront s’appuyer sur l’acquisition de nouvelles données expérimentales concernant les possibilités de mobilisation et de restauration de la réserve osseuse au cours du cycle de reproduction.
Experimental Researches on the Dynamic Behavior of the Magnetorheological Damper
Authors: Dobre Alexandru
Published: May 2020

In the context of improving the comfort and dynamics of the vehicle, the suspension system has been continuously developed and improved, especially using magnetorheological (MR) shock absorbers. The development of this technology which is relatively new has not been easy. Thus, the first widespread commercial use of MR fluid in a semi-active suspension system was implemented in passenger cars. The magnetorheological shock absorber can combine the comfort with the dynamic driving, because it allows the damping characteristic to be adapted to the road profile. The main objective of the paper is to analyze the dynamic behavior of the magnetorheological shock absorber in the semi-active suspension. In this sense, the author carried out a set of experimental measurements with a damping test bench, specially built and equipped with modern equipment. The results obtained from the experimental determinations show a significantly improved comfort when using a magnetorheological shock absorber, compared to a classic one, by the fact that the magnetorheological shock absorber allows to modify the damping coefficient according to the road conditions, thus maintaining the permanent contact between the tire and the road due to increased damping force.
Post Operative Acute Kidney Injury in Gastro Intestinal and Hepatobiliary Surgery in a Tertiary Centre in Western India – A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Vasavada BHAVIN , patel hardik
Published: May 2020

AIM: Aim of our study was to evaluate incidence and causative factors for acute kidney injury in gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgeries. Material and methods: All the gastrointestinal surgeries performed between April 2018 to March 2020, in our institution have been analysed for acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury defined according to acute kidney injury network classification. Categorical variables were evaluated by chi square test and continuous variables by Mann Whitney U test. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23. P< 0.05 was considered significant Results: We performed 331 gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery from April 2018 to March 2020. After exclusion 317 patients were included in study population.14 patients (4.4%) were defined as having acute kidney injury according to acute kidney injury network classifications. On univariate analysis acute kidney injury was associated with open surgery (p= 0.002, Intra operative hypotension (p=0.006), CDC grade of surgery (p<0.001), increased used to blood products (p=0.004), higher ASA grade (p<0.0001), increased operative time(p<0.0001). On multivariate logistic regression analysis higher ASA grade (p=0.001) and increased operative time (0.015) independently predicted acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury was also significantly associated with 90 days mortality. ( p= <0.0001) Conclusion:Post-operative acute kidney injury was associated with significant mortality in gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary surgery. Open surgery, higher CDC grade surgery, more blood products, higher ASA grades, increase operative time predicted acute kidney injury in post operative periods. Higher ASA grades and increased operative time predicted acute kidney injury.
Effect of temperature and lockdown on daily growth of active cases of COVID-19 in gujarat, western India.- statistical analysis.
Authors: Vasavada BHAVIN
Published: May 2020

Aim of the study: Aim of he study was to analyse correlation of daily maximum temperature on corona virus daily growth rate as well as effect of lockdown on daily growth rate of cases. Materials and Methods:All the data regarding new cases of covid 19 Pandemic in Gujarat was collected from Gujarat health department website., Temperature details were collected from www.accuweather.com. Growth rate was calculated as a percent increase of new cases daily compared to previous day active cases. Relations between trends were calculated from correlation and regression studies. MANNOVA analysis was performed. Results:Total 6625 cases, 4729 active cases and 380 deaths were reported as on 6th May 2020 in Gujarat. Daily maximum temperature was significantly correlated inversely with daily growth rate. (p value= 0.010) with Pearson correlation coefficient =-0.363. Correlation between time since lock down to daily case growth rate was non significant. (p=0.123). Phases of lockdown and growth rates showed significant inverse correlation. (p=0.002). Multivariate ANOVA showed there was statistical significant difference in case growth rate based on daily temperature [p= 0.006 F=4.71] and progression of phases of lockdown (p=0.018, F=3.55). Conclusion:Conclusion increase in temperature has inverse relationship in growth rate in covid 19 pandemic. Lockdown may be useful in decreasing growth.
B Cells Over-Activation by Viral Proteins <70 kDa Causes Th2 Immune Suppression in COVID-19 Sepsis
Authors: Martín Javier
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 sepsis immune response remains unclear. Here we propose a new perspective in host response against pathogenic proteins that may lead to a vaccine design by polymerization of antigens of <70 kDa. In COVID-19, initial Th1 response kills infected cells releasing viral proteins. SARS-CoV-2 viral structural proteins are Spike (140 kDa), Nucleocapsid (50 kDa), Membrane (25 kDa) and Envelope (10 kDa). B cell receptor cannot capture antigens >70 kDa. The Spike protein (140 kDa) cannot be captured by B cells and triggers inflammatory Th1 response via the macrophages. Only proteins with a size <70 kDa can activate B cell receptor and trigger Th2 adaptative humoral response. Moreover, M-25 kDa and E-12 kDa glycoproteins can activate IgM-BCR like oligovalent or monovalent antigens. The sustained infected cells lysis overfeeds high levels of viral proteins <70 kDa, increases B cells activation and, in the shift from Th1 to Th2 immune response, triggers the cytokine storm. The continuous BCR activation increases IL-10 releasing and may lead to immune paralysis.
Evolution of Growth Density Equation by Constraints on Effective Newtonian Constant Geff
Authors: Capistrano Abraao
Published: May 2020

The acceleration of the universe is described as a consequence of the extrinsic curvature of the space-time embedded in a bulk space, defined by the Einstein-Hilbert. Using the linear approximation of Nash-Green theorem, we obtain the related perturbed equations in which just the gravitational-tensor field equations contribute to propagation of cosmological perturbations. In accordance with Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and solar constraints, we calculate numerically the effective Newtonian function Geff to constrain the related parameters of the model. We numerically solve the growth density equation for two possible family of solutions leading to an interesting overdensity and, in some cases, a mild damping of the growth profiles, with a top amplification of the growth perturbations around 14% in comparison with LCDM model and quintessence. The effective gravitational Phi and Newtonian curvature Psi are also analysed showing mild perturbations in early times induced only by the extrinsic curvature differently from the LambdaCDM standards.
The Function of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter at the Whole-Cell and Single Mitochondrion Levels in WT, MICU1 KO, and MICU2 KO Cells
Authors: Ullah Ghanim , Shah Syed
Published: May 2020

Mitochondrial Ca2+ ([Ca2+]M) uptake through Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) is central to many cell functions such as bioenergetics, spatiotemporal organization of Ca2+ signals, and apoptosis. MCU activity is regulated by several intrinsic proteins including MICU1, MICU2, and EMRE. While significant details about the role of MICU1, MICU2, and EMRE in MCU function have emerged recently, a key challenge for the future experiments is to investigate how these regulatory proteins modulate mitochondrial Ca2+ influx through MCU in intact cells under pathophysiological conditions. This is further complicated by the fact that several variables affecting MCU function change dynamically as cell functions. To overcome this void, we develop a data-driven model that closely replicates the behavior of MCU under a wide range of cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]C), [Ca2+]M, and mitochondrial membrane potential values in WT, MICU1 knockout (KO), and MICU2 KO cells at the single mitochondrion and whole-cell levels. The model is extended to investigate how MICU1 or MICU2 KO affect mitochondrial function. Moreover, we show how Ca2+ buffering proteins, the separation between mitochondrion and Ca2+-releasing stores, and the duration of Ca2+-releasing channels affect mitochondrial function under different conditions. Finally, we demonstrate an easy extension of the model to single channel function of MCU.
Transformation of different reaches of the Niida River (Japan) after extreme flood
Authors: Valentin GOLOSOV , Dmitry BOTAVIN , Alexei KONOPLEV , Yoshifumi WAKIYAMA
Published: May 2020

Extreme floods can have different effects on the river bottom relief depending on several factors. The geomorphological impact of the extreme flood occurring in the Niida River basin (Fukushima prefecture, Honshu inland, Japan) on the channels and river bottom of different reaches of the river is analyzed. High-resolution satellite images and field assessments were used for quantitative evaluation of river bottom transformation which mainly occurred in the lower reach of the Niida river. The lower reach of the Niida River was divided on three subzones according the channel gradient changes. Each sub-zones is correspond with the dominance of a certain type of channel (straight, meandering and wandering). It was found that bank erosion exceeded in- channel deposition in 1,7-2,7 times for all types of river channel in the low reach located within the coastal floodplain. However, floodplain sedimentation is the most active processes for the river sections with meandering and wandering types of the river channel. Floodplain sedimentation exceed bank-erosion in 2.2 times for river sections with the meandering type of channel and in 2.9 time for the river sections with wandering type of channel. It was found that bank erosion exceeded in- channel deposition in 1,7-2,7 times for all types of river channel in the low reach located within the coastal floodplain. However, floodplain sedimentation is the most active processes for the river sections with meandering and wandering types of the river channel. Floodplain sedimentation exceed bankerosion in 2.2 times for river sections with the meandering type of channel and in 2.9 time for the river sections with wandering type of channel. The bank erosion exceeds floodplain deposition in 1,2 times only within the river sections with straight type of channel. Total sedimentation (in-channel + floodplain) in 2.6 times higher than bank erosion in the lower reach of the Niida River after extreme flood event with probability 4-5%.
Extreme geomorphic events in the contemporary evolution of forested slopes in a Central European mountain range, the Sudetes
Authors: Piotr MIGOŃ
Published: May 2020

Forested slopes of the Sudetes have long been implicitly considered as stable under contemporary environmental conditions, with little geomorphic change throughout the Holocene. This view is difficult to sustain and this review-type paper brings together evidence that infrequent but potent surface processes locally cause significant remodelling of slopes and regolith removal or redistribution. These processes are debris flows, shallow and deepseated landslides, episodes of efficient linear water erosion and windthrows. All are triggered by exceptional meteorological events such as heavy rain or strong wind, but additional factors of slope steepness and suitable lithology play a role. Scarce database does not permit to firmly establish recurrence intervals of such events but they seem to occur at least once per decade (within the entire mountain range) for rain-induced phenomena and two-three times per century for wind-induced phenomena.
Los temas policiales y la violencia, los asuntos priorizados por el diario más exitoso de habla hispana
Authors: Villalobos León María Gabriela
Published: May 2020

El diario Trome es considerado un éxito periodístico y comercial. Es el diario de habla hispana de mayor venta de ejemplares al día y con el mayor alcance en lectoría. La presente investigación busca identificar cuál es la agenda informativa ofrecida a su lectoría y evidenciar las características preponderantes en sus representaciones sociales cotidianas. Para el análisis se revisó información sobre sus 18 años de circulación y se estudiaron 21 ediciones consecutivas, haciendo énfasis en los titulares de la noticia principal de la portada y en los de las secciones más extensas: «Actualidad» y «Fiesta».

Se identificó que los temas policiales y las representaciones violentas se imponen en la agenda noticiosa y predominan como representaciones de la vida cotidiana. Así, vemos que el 100% de ejemplares analizados priorizan como titular principal en la portada una noticia vinculada a una situación de violencia o de conflicto; además, que el 76% es de contenido policial, aunque el diario no cuenta con una sección de policiales.
How feasible is it to abandon statistical significance? A reflection based on a short survey
Authors: Diaz-Quijano Fredi Alexander , Calixto Fernando Morelli , Silva José Mário Nunes da
Published: May 2020

Background: There is a growing trend in using the “statistically significant” term in the scientific literature. However, harsh criticism of this concept motivated the recommendation to withdraw its use of scientific publications. We aimed to validate the support and the feasibility of adherence to this recommendation, among researchers having declared in favor of removing the statistical significance. Methods: We surveyed signatories of an article published that defended this recommendation, to validate their opinion and ask them about how likely they will retire the concept of statistical significance. Results: We obtained 151 responses which confirmed the support for the mentioned publication in aspects such as the adequate interpretation of the p-value, the degree of agreement, and the motivations to sign it. However, there was a wide distribution of answers about how likely are they to use the concept of "statistical significance” in future publications. About 42% declared being neutral, or that would likely use it again. We described arguments referred by several signatories and discussed aspects to be considered in the interpretation of research results.Conclusions: The responses obtained from a proportion of signatories validated their declared position against the use of statistical significance. However, even in this group, the full application of this recommendation does not seem feasible. The arguments related to the inappropriate use of statistical tests should promote more education among researchers and users of scientific evidence.