bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forging Pathways to Equity: The Nexus between Land Redistribution, Health, and Healthcare Access
Authors: F. Juqu Zimkhitha,
Published: August 2024

This article explores the nexus between land redistribution policies and healthcare accessibility to mitigate social and economic disparities arising from inequitable land distribution. Historically, concentrated land ownership has marginalised rural communities, limiting their access to healthcare services. Land reform initiatives focusing on redistribution and secure tenure have the potential to empower marginalised groups economically and enhance their health outcomes through improved access to healthcare facilities. The study fills Gaps in existing research by investigating the interconnectedness of land tenure security, health outcomes and healthcare access, drawing insights from global contexts, including successful cases in Denmark, New Zealand, and South Korea, alongside challenges in Russia, India, and South Africa. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of data from the Global Health Security Index, the study highlights the critical role of equitable land distribution in fostering health equity and sustainable development. Findings suggest that countries with inclusive land policies demonstrate improved public health indicators, highlighting the importance of integrating land reform into broader health and development agendas. In conclusion, land redistribution holds promise for enhancing healthcare access and achieving health equity. Ultimately, this research advocates for strategic interventions that prioritise fair land distribution as a cornerstone for achieving universal health coverage and addressing persistent health disparities worldwide.
Álarcos, fegyveres trafikrabló forrónyomon üldözése Baranya megyében
Authors: Kodba Ferenc
Published: August 2024

The author provides a detailed overview of the investigation of a 2013 Masked armed robbery of a tobacco shop in Pécs, Hungary.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN REWARD TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Nadiah  , Niarrofah
Published: August 2024

The learning process at the high school level often decreases enthusiasm in the learning process in the classroom. This is due to lack of motivation from outside (extrinsic) and within students (intrinsic), as well as lack of appreciation given by teachers and schools. So that the learning process is less interesting for students, and students feel less appreciated for the results that have been achieved. The impact of this makes students less interested and less enthusiastic about teaching and learning activities. And the targeted results were not achieved. The purpose of this study is to find out how related the provision of rewards  so that it can affect learning motivation. The method used in this study is descriptive collerational analytic. And the result of this study is the effect of giving rewards  with learning motivation. If you look at the rxy obtained which is 0.439, it turns out to be located between 0.40 – 0.70 based on the guidelines contained in the table. So it can be stated that between  the correlation of variable X (Reward) and variable Y (Learning Motivation) is a correlation that is classified as moderate or sufficient.
GENEALOGI INTELEKTUAL SYEKH MUHAJIRIN AMSAR ADDARY DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI BEKASI
Authors: Hamady Hanif , Nabil
Published: August 2024

This research discusses the Intellectual Genealogy owned by Sheikh Muhajirin Amsar Addary in the Development of Islamic Education in Bekasi. The method applied in this research is the qualitative historical method.. Sheikh Muhajirin Amsar Addary is a scholar who focuses on education and knowledge. The intellectual genealogy he got while studying came from various types and models of scholars, especially during his time in Mecca and Medina. Sheikh Muhajirin played an active role and made a significant contribution to the development of education in the Bekasi area. This makes him a productive scholar with evidence of as many as 35 books written by him using Arabic. In addition, he also established boarding schools and formal schools from high school to college level to further legitimize his knowledge. The implications given by Sheikh Muhajirin Amsar Addary were so great to the Bekasi community and of course to his students who came to study with him. This is evident from some of Sheikh Muhajirin's students who own boarding schools and continue their knowledge in preaching to the wider community in Indonesia, especially in Bekasi and its surroundings. Sheikh Muhajirin's thoughts on the Prophet's birthday and Rukyatul Hilal are also present in the implications given by Sheikh Muhajirin Amsar Addary.
The Impact of Technology Induced Professional Development Model on Coaching and Mentoring of Teachers
Authors: Addai-Poku Christian , Sarpong Lawrence , Allotey-Pappoe Desmond , Gyampoh Alexander Obiri , Aidoo Benjamin , Bunu Maxwell , Oduro-Awisi Kwame Affro
Published: August 2024

The paper assessed the impact of technology-enhanced coaching and mentoring on the Continuous Professional Development (CPD) of teachers. It examined leveraging technology to build mentors’ capacity, support mentees, and improve learning outcomes even with limited resources. The study explored the feasibility and effectiveness of a technology-enhanced training model in promoting CPD for mentors and enhancing teacher competencies in low-performing schools. A cross-sectional survey design was used, with questionnaires collecting data from 500 school improvement support officers (SISOs) in Ghana, selected through quota sampling. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results indicated that technology stimulates teachers’ curiosity, intrinsic motivation, learning quality, and creative thinking. The study also found that technology-induced CPD is cheaper in the long term compared to traditional face-to-face models. However, many teachers face issues with internet connectivity and high data consumption, hindering access to online content despite having smart devices. The study recommends deliberate capacity building for teachers to improve their skills in accessing technology-enhanced CPD. It also suggests collaboration between governments, educational institutions, telecommunication companies, and internet service providers to make internet connectivity accessible and affordable. Exploring zero-rated data for teachers to access relevant content is also recommended.

Keywords: Technology, motor learning outcome, teacher professional development, model
Book Review by Prof. Davinder Sandhu
Authors: Sikri Shankar
Published: August 2024

Book Review by Prof. Davinder Sandhu
2018 Conference Abstracts
Authors: Sikri Shankar
Published: August 2024

2018 Conference Abstracts
Phenomenon of retroeconomics in post-Soviet countries: necroeconomics as the past and the future of retroeconomics
Authors: Shapatava Medea
Published: August 2024

In Post-pandemic world, after global shutdown and involuntary “break” for the world globalized economic system, the world witnesses the unavoidable changes in the economic processes and in the world economic geography. One of the reasons is the Russia-Ukraine war, which caused serious shifts in global political economy. We are witnessing enormous number of old and not-so-old problems. In all these processes development the term Zombie-economics gets the new life and becomes a new challenge and a problem for the economies worldwide. It demands renewed researches and discussions, aimed to find new approaches in order to overcome the global problem for many countries, as developing, also developed ones. Retroeconomics, together with Necro- and Zombie-economics becomes actual and this topic will be dedicated to the discussion of the ways of overcoming the mentioned problem in contemporary globalized world.
The effect of remittances on poverty and economic growth in Jordan: evidence from augmented autoregressive distributed lag model
Authors: AlBataineh AbdelKarim
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the effects of remittances on poverty and economic growth in Jordan from 1970 to 2022. The study makes use of the augmented autoregressive distrib­uted lag (AARDL) cointegration method to investigate the relationships between remittances, poverty, and economic growth. The study also incorporates control variables including for­eign direct investment, inflation, interest rates, government expenditures, and the composite trade index to take into consideration their potential impact on the outcomes. The findings support remittances’ role as an economic development accelerator by demonstrating their strong positive impact on Jordan’s economic growth. Remittances have a detrimental im­pact on poverty as well, suggesting a potential role for them in efforts to eradicate it. The research also confirms the anticipated impacts of the control variables, indicating that while inflation, interest rates, and the composite trade index have favourable effects on poverty, government expenditures and foreign direct investment have negative consequences. The policymakers and stakeholders in Jordan will need to consider the implications of these findings carefully. Policymakers can create measures to draw in and successfully channel remittance flows by recognising the beneficial effects of remittances on economic growth and poverty alleviation. The findings also highlight how important it is to encourage foreign direct investment, control inflation and interest rates, and facilitate trade diversification in order to boost economic growth and lower poverty.
Excluding Primordial Black Holes as Dark Matter Based on Solar System Ephemeris
Authors: Loeb Abraham
Published: August 2024

Current cosmological constraints allow primordial black holes to constitute dark matter in the mass range of 1018–1022 g. I show that a major portion of this logarithmic window can be ruled-out based on the solar system ephemeris, given that the external mass enclosed within 50 au from the Sun did not change by more than ∼5 × 10−14 M
⊙ yr−1 in recent decades.
Reflectance Spectroscopy of 27 Fine-particulate Mineral Samples from Far-ultraviolet through Mid-infrared (0.12–20 μm)
Authors: Lane Melissa D. , Cloutis Edward A. , Clark Roger N. , Dyar M. Darby , Helbert Joern , Hendrix Amanda R. , Holsclaw Gregory , Maturilli Alessandro , Pearson Neil , Osterloo Mikki , Vilas Faith , Applin Daniel
Published: August 2024

This paper presents far-ultraviolet through mid-infrared (0.12–20 μm) reflectance spectra of 27 fine-particulate (<10 μm) terrestrial mineral samples, providing continuous spectra that cover an unusually broad spectral range and are of unusually fine particle size relative to most existing spectral libraries. These spectra of common geologic materials are useful for future applications that study the dust on various planetary bodies. Reflectance spectra were acquired of the samples at multiple laboratories at multiple wavelengths. All of the spectra were compared to one another to observe the general, common spectral characteristics (e.g., slope, band shape, and band depth), and the best segments of the spectra representing the mineral reflectance were scaled and spliced together to form a “Frankenspectrum” for each mineral that best represents the full wavelength range of far-ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, and middle-infrared wavelengths. These scaled and spliced Frankenspectra, as well as the entire set of individual “original” reflectance spectra from each laboratory, are available in the Planetary Data System Geosciences Node.
Validation Experiments for In Situ Ne Isotope Analysis on Mars: Gas Separation Flange Assembly Using Polyimide Membrane and Metal Seal
Authors: Cho Yuichiro , Miura Yayoi N. , Hyuga Hikaru , Shimokoshi Kenta , Yoshioka Kazuo , Kurokawa Hiroyuki , Kumagai Hidenori , Iwata Naoyoshi , Kasahara Satoshi , Tabata Haruhisa , Aida Mari , Saito Yoshifumi , Sugita Seiji
Published: August 2024

The Martian atmospheric Ne may reflect recent gas supply from its mantle via volcanic degassing, due to its short (∼100 Myr) escape timescale. The isotopic ratio of the Martian atmospheric Ne would therefore provide insights into that of the Martian mantle, further suggesting the origin of Mars volatiles during planetary formation. Mass spectrometric analysis of the Martian atmospheric Ne, however, has faced challenges from interference between 20Ne+ and 40Ar++. Previous studies using a polyimide membrane for 20Ne/40Ar separation were limited by the drawbacks of elastomeric O-rings to support the membrane, such as low-temperature intolerance, outgassing, and the need to endure environmental conditions during the launch and before/after landing on Mars. This study proposes a new method employing a metal C-ring to secure a 100 μm polyimide sheet within vacuum flanges. Environmental tests, including vibration, shock, extreme temperatures, and radiation exposure, were conducted on the gas separation flanges. Pre- and post-test analyses for He, Ne, and Ar demonstrated the membrane-flange system’s resilience. Gas permeation measurements using terrestrial air effectively permeated 4He and 20Ne, while reducing 40Ar by more than six orders of magnitude. This study achieved a <3% accuracy in determining the 20Ne/22Ne ratio, sufficient for assessing the origins of Ne in the Martian mantle. Furthermore, experiments with a 590 Pa gas mixture simulating the Martian atmosphere achieved a 10% accuracy for the 20Ne/22Ne isotope ratio, with gas abundances consistent with numerical predictions based on individual partial pressures. These results validate the suitability of the developed polyimide membrane assembly for in situ Martian Ne analyses.
Long-term monitoring of woody plants of Doñana shrublands 2008–2023
Authors: Dìaz-Delgado Ricardo , Torrijo-Salesa Mizar , Ramírez González Luis Alfonso , Alcaide Antonio , Paz Sánchez David Antonio , Aragonés David , López Diego , Román Maudo Isidro , Ruíz-Martín Jose , Bustamante Javier , Márquez-Ferrando Rocío
Published: August 2024

The long-term monitoring of the plant cover of Doñana shrublands is part of a harmonised protocol for the Long-term Ecological Monitoring Program of Natural Resources and Processes targeting Terrestrial Vegetation. The general aim of this protocol is to monitor and assess the dynamics and trends of shrubland plant communities in Doñana. For shrublands, percent cover is recorded annually, starting in 2008, by the Doñana Long-Term Monitoring Team in one field sampling campaign per year during the flowering season (between March and May) across 21 permanent square plots (15 ✕ 15 m). Permanent plots were located according to stratified random sampling according to the topographic gradient defining the main shrubland species dominance in the Doñana Biological Reserve. Cover is measured using the line intercept method in 3 transects inside the plots of 15 m length, oriented from east to west, and located at fixed points of 2.5, 7.5, and 12.5 metres on both sides of the plot. Using the line-intercept method, the coverage of each species per individual is measured with a measuring tape, recording its class age (adult or seedling) and canopy status (green or dry) as a living or dead specimen. The average plant height is recorded for every transect. This method enables the calculation of the total percent cover per species and plant density for transects and plots, as well as the total percent cover per class age and the total percent cover of dry and green canopies and bare soil. The annual species richness and diversity of vascular plants can also be calculated for every plot.

This is the third published version of the standardised dataset of percent cover per woody plant species of Doñana long-term monitoring plots.
Community-driven enhancement of information ecosystems for the discovery and use of paleontological specimen data: Stakeholder engagement workshop
Authors: Karim Talia , Krimmel Erica , Little Holly , Walker Lindsay
Published: August 2024

A stakeholder engagement workshop was held in May 2024 as part of the "Community-driven enhancement of information ecosystems for the discovery and use of paleontological specimen data" project, which is funded under the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) Geosciences Open Science Ecosystem (GEO OSE) program. This report describes the activites and outcomes of the workshop.
Energy Alternatives and Low-Income Healthcare Expenditure
Authors: Motari Yussuf Okari , Peterson Magutu Obara , Omweri Fred Siambe
Published: August 2024

This study investigates how low-income rural populations face health risks due to a lack of clean energy access, leading to respiratory diseases and high healthcare costs. Strategies promoting clean energy adoption and affordable healthcare are crucial to addressing these issues. However, policies need evidence-based support. This research explores the interplay among income levels, household energy choices, and healthcare expenses. Conducted in Kisii County with 384 randomly sampled households using a cross-sectional design, the study quantitatively analyzed data. Results indicate a significant relationship between energy sources and healthcare costs, moderated by income. Over two-thirds of rural households rely on polluting fuels like kerosene and biomass, increasing infection risks and healthcare spending. These findings advocate for funding cleaner technologies to mitigate healthcare expenses among vulnerable rural communities.
Islamic Finance
Authors: Kismawadi Early Ridho , Rafay Abdul
Published: August 2024

This study explores the role of Islamic finance in mitigating the adverse effects of climate change on human well-being, the environment, and the economy. Emphasizing the necessity of integrating sustainability principles into financial strategies due to ecological disruptions, the chapter positions Islamic finance as a distinctive alternative that aligns with the principles of sustainability, equity, and balance. The research highlights several critical areas: a comprehensive examination of Islamic financial products, a balanced assessment of environmental impacts, the importance of community involvement, and the challenges and barriers in implementing Islamic finance principles for sustainable practices. The study offers valuable insights into how Islamic finance can contribute to climate change mitigation, providing a robust foundation for addressing global environmental issues.
Empowering Organizational Harmony
Authors: Tsarkos Athanasios
Published: August 2024

This chapter delves into the transformative potential of servant leadership within the realm of organizational conflict management, asserting its foundational ethos of empathy, stewardship, and a commitment to communal growth. Through a meticulous exploration of theoretical underpinnings and practical implications, the text reveals how servant leadership navigates and resolves interpersonal and group dynamics conflicts. It highlights strategic approaches to fostering inclusive, supportive environments conducive to innovation and collective success. Anticipating future trajectories, it advocates integrating technological advancements and diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives. This comprehensive discourse underscores servant leadership's efficacy in cultivating harmonious, resilient organizational cultures, marking a pivotal shift towards empathetic, inclusive leadership practices
Managing Organisational Conflict During New Technology Implementation
Authors: Farouk Firdous Mohd , Siew Eu-Gene
Published: August 2024

This chapter demonstrates organisational conflicts between employees, leadership teams, and the transformation team during a new technology implementation period in a large regional bank. The case context involves BankX, a leading ASEAN universal bank, one of the largest Asian investment banks, and one of the world's largest Islamic banks. With the core principle of enhancing customer experience, BankX leveraged BDA to gain a better understanding of their customers and optimise processes. They aggressively started streamlining their activities with regard to data by various measures ranging from upskilling staff, integrating data in a central data warehouse, and starting the sandbox incubator program. However, the BDA implementation process was one with challenges and conflicts that constrained the implementation process. The chapter follows through on the various conflicts and the resolution measures that are implemented during the transformation process.
Advancement in “Off-the-Shelf” CAR T-Cell Therapy for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Sheykhhassan Mohsen , La'ah Anita S. , Ahmadieh-Yazdi Amirhossein , Yang Piao , Tanzadehpanah Hamid , Mahaki Hanie , Manoochehri Hamed , Poondla Naresh , Kalhor Naser , Al-Musawi Sharafaldin
Published: August 2024

The advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies has revolutionized cancer treatment, especially in hematological malignancies. Despite the production costs, long production times, and inconsistent quality of personalized, autologous CAR T-cells have prompted a shift towards developing an off-the-shelf allogeneic option. This chapter reviews recent advancements and challenges in creating off-the-shelf CAR T-cell products, emphasizing donor selection, gene editing technologies, and production processes. Furthermore, the authors emphasize the potential advantages and challenges of this method, delineating future paths for research and clinical implementation.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Hussain Fathima Hasnain Nadeem , Raza Afsheen
Published: August 2024

The immune system's intricate network of cells play a critical role in identifying and eliminating cancer cells. Uncontrolled growth of cells and spread is the hallmark of cancer, a disease that continues to pose a serious threat to humanity. Immune checkpoints, including Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), Programmed Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1), Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) etc. serve as critical regulatory molecules in the adaptive immune response by sustaining self-tolerance and regulating immune activity and preventing autoimmunity. In lieu of this, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment by improving the immune system's capacity to identify and eliminate cancer cells. ICIs targeting CTLA-4, such as ipilimumab, and PD-1/PD-L1, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, have demonstrated considerable effectiveness against a variety of malignancies
Bispecific T-Cell Engagers (BiTEs) in Immunotherapy
Authors: Sheykhhasan Mohsen , La'ah Anita S. , Ahmadieh-Yazdi Amirhossein , Tanzadehpanah Hamid , Mahaki Hanie , Manoochehri Hamed , Yang Piao , Poondla Naresh , Kalhor Naser , Al-Musawi Sharafaldin
Published: August 2024

Bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) is a novel subclass of T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies (bulbs) that are promising for the treatment of cancer. BiTEs direct cytotoxic T-cell activity towards malignant cells, resulting in targeted destruction of tumor cells. This chapter provides an overview of the current landscape of BiTE therapy, highlighting its efficacy in hematologic malignancies such as B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and exploring its potential applications in solid tumors. Additionally, challenges such as immunogenicity, stability, and off-target effects were discussed, alongside ongoing efforts to overcome these obstacles through protein engineering and combination therapies. Future directions in BiTE therapy include optimizing of delivery methods and exploring novel combination strategies. Overall, BiTE therapy represents a promising approach to cancer treatment, with the potential to revolutionize immunotherapy and improve patient outcomes.
Immunomodulatory Role of Histamine in Oncoimmunology and Immunotherapy
Authors: Shawky Heba
Published: August 2024

The complexity of cancer biology exceeds the uncontrolled proliferation of neonatal cells to include the crosstalk between tumors and their microenvironments (TME). Specifically, the histamine-producing cells constitute a key component of TME given their “immunoediting” role that would ultimately determine the disease outcome. Histamine is not only one of the potent mediators that intensify/perpetuate the inflammatory responses; it also exerts a plethora of fine-tuned immunoregulatory effects through coupling with G-protein coupled receptors (HRs) ubiquitously distributed on almost all mammalian cells. In the context of cancer biology, histamine plays a multifaceted role in tumor progression, where it acts as a pro- or anti-tumorigenic mediator depending on the cancer type and the cognate receptor. This chapter addresses the immunomodulatory role of histamine and its cognate receptors in tumor immunobiology, in addition to compiling cutting-edge approaches to their potential use as adjuvants in cancer immunotherapy.
Synthetic Gene Circuits as a Promising Approach in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Ananthakumar Bhanuprakash , Nanjundeshwara Nagashri , Lakshmaiah Archana , Raghavan Ramya
Published: August 2024

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach in the fight against cancer. Unlike traditional treatments like chemotherapy and radiation, immunotherapy harnesses the power of the body's own immune system to identify and destroy cancer cells. Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising therapy, but limitations in specificity and control hinder its full potential. Synthetic gene circuits offer a revolutionary approach to address these challenges. This chapter emphasizes the diverse applications of synthetic gene circuits in cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, the authors discuss the advantages and limitations of AND gate circuits for minimizing off-target effects, engineered bacteria for targeted tumour manipulation, and T-cell engineering for enhanced anti-tumour activity. Ultimately, traditional therapies and synthetic gene circuits are not mutually exclusive. While traditional therapies offer proven effectiveness and accessibility, synthetic gene circuits hold immense promise for personalized, long-term solutions.
Blockchain in Waste Tracking
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Mehra Ritika , Saini Mohit
Published: August 2024

Contemporary waste management systems face transparency and accountability challenges, causing inefficiencies and distrust. This research explores blockchain technology's potential in waste tracking to enhance transparency and accountability. By leveraging blockchain's decentralized ledger and immutable nature, it revolutionizes waste tracking by creating tamper-proof records. Stakeholders access real-time data, trace waste movement, and verify transactions, fostering trust. The chapter addresses implementation challenges and regulatory considerations, providing insights. Successful blockchain applications in waste management are highlighted, advocating for widespread adoption to promote transparency, accountability, and environmental stewardship in waste tracking processes.
Municipal Solid Waste Management and Recycling Technologies
Authors: Singh Gurjeet , Saha Pankaj , Sharma Naveen , Thakur Vikanksha , Kaur Kulwinder , Singh Jatinder
Published: August 2024

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is a critical global challenge due to increasing urbanization and population growth. This context highlights the challenges faced by urban societies in handling municipal solid waste and innovative solutions and technologies employed for efficient waste management. Integrated MSW management strategies aim to maximize resource recovery while minimizing the environmental and social impacts. It emphasizes the potential benefits of adopting advanced waste management and recycling practices both in terms of environmental conservation and socio-ecological viability. Collaborative efforts between governments, industries, and communities are crucial and mandatory for the successful implementation of comprehensive MSW management and recycling programs.
Enhancing Data-Driven Decision-Making
Authors: Babu C. V. Suresh , Adhithya S. , Mohamed Hathil M. , Srivathsan V. K. N. , Gokul R.
Published: August 2024

The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Business Intelligence (BI) has revolutionized data-driven decision-making across various industries. This paper explores the intersection of AI and BI, delving into their applications, implications for decision-making, and synergistic potentials. Employing decision tree methodologies, the study systematically investigates the intricate interplay between AI, BI, and data-driven decision processes. By analyzing real-world data and employing decision tree models, the research uncovers significant patterns, trends, and decision pathways that characterize the integration of AI and BI in organizational settings. Through a comprehensive review and synthesis of existing literature, the study identifies challenges, opportunities, and future directions in leveraging AI-driven BI solutions to enhance decision-making effectiveness. These findings provide valuable insights for businesses, policymakers, and researchers, informing strategic investments and fostering innovation in the age of data-driven decision-making.
Lessons Learned From Globalisation, Economic Diplomacy, and Internationalisation
Authors: Pontes Daniel Pereira
Published: August 2024

The internationalization theories are still expanding and being developed by scholars. Studies, related with internationalization, are divided into two research main streams: based on born global theory and international entrepreneurship approach. Economic diplomacy is today the key to the external relations of countries. With globalisation, governments became decisively engaged in economic diplomacy, economic results and the welfare of countries became more dependent on the interaction between economies. In practice, economic diplomacy, associated with the defence of a country's economic and commercial interests, is the continuous work of ambassadors with the businessman, through the identification of business opportunities and serving as a bridge to companies of their countries. Currently, the goal of economic diplomacy is growth and development, without losing sight of the preservation of security to achieve social welfare. This chapter addresses the main themes covering the main lessons learned from globalisation, economic diplomacy, and internationalisation.
Theories of Business Plan for Strategic Internationalization
Authors: Pereira Pedro Madeira , Santos Vasco , Marcão Ricardo
Published: August 2024

A business plan is an essential guide for directing business growth and ensuring its long-term sustainability, in terms of ESG criteria. Creating and monitoring the business plan allows the company to regularly make more strategic decisions, reduce risks and achieve its objectives more effectively. Nowadays, a business plan is a strategic, tactical, and operational tool that is increasingly applied to the internationalization of companies on a global scale, making it crucial for cooperation and competitiveness in both domestic and foreign markets. The international business plan plays a key role in a cooperation and internationalization, globalization, and competitiveness between organizations and companies, in order to boost their growth, development, and expansion in emerging economies and economies of scale. This chapter addresses the major themes covering a global business plan, namely 1. presentation and characterization of the business; 2. market analysis; 3. business strategy; 4. business operations 5. marketing, commercial and sales; and 6. economic and financial viability.
Beyond Borders
Authors: Indradevi R. , Sathya N. , Vishaal K. , Jayarathne P. G. S. Amila , Mittal Shashank
Published: August 2024

This chapter explores the growing importance of global sourcing for skilled workers in the face of a global labor shortage. It highlights the benefits of global sourcing, such as access to a wider talent pool, cost reduction, and increased productivity. However, the chapter also acknowledges the challenges associated with global sourcing, including legal and cultural complexities, communication barriers, and ethical considerations. The chapter examines how companies can navigate these challenges through effective strategies. The chapter concludes by showcasing successful global sourcing practices in different industries through case studies of companies like Infosys, Nike, Pfizer, and General Motors. It emphasizes the importance of strategic planning, cultural awareness, and technology integration for businesses to thrive in the global marketplace.
Harnessing Machine Learning Intelligence Against Cyber Threats
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Kaunert Christian , Gautam Ritu
Published: August 2024

The spread of cyberthreats in the digital age presents serious concerns to national security, the stability of the economy, and personal privacy. Traditional security methods are unable to keep up with the increasing sophistication and size of cyberattacks. With facilitating quick identification and mitigation of cyberthreats, machine learning (ML) has the revolutionary potential to improve cybersecurity measures. But applying ML in this field also brings up important moral and legal issues, particularly in light of international cybercrimes. This chapter comprehensively explores the machine learning's dual nature in cybersecurity, emphasizing both its advantages and disadvantages. It also talk about the state of cyber threats today, how machine learning is being incorporated into cybersecurity, and the moral and legal ramifications of using ML to international cyber investigations.
Carbon-Based Materials Sources and Production Techniques
Authors: S. M. Mubashera , R. Saravanathamizhan
Published: August 2024

Carbon and carbon-based materials are produced from lignocellulosic and non-lignocellulosic materials by carbonization, pyrolysis, etc. Carbon material size also varies from macro level to Nano level, and it is used for different applications based on the material property. The property of the carbon material is altered by different activation techniques such as physical, chemical, and physio-chemical methods. Carbon-based materials are positioned among the top materials existing on earth, where carbon is one of the most abundant elements. Carbon-based material has sparked a great interest in future electronics and optoelectronics device applications. Particularly, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene present exciting and promising prospects for sensing applications due to their interesting physical properties that offer higher sensitivity and selectivity. In this chapter, various sources of carbon materials and their production techniques have been discussed. With help of machine learning techniques, we can prepare a material with carbon-rich sources for different applications.
Sustainable Energy Storage With Carbon Materials From Wastes Through Biochar PCM Composites
Authors: Güler Onur
Published: August 2024

By combining biochar's insulation properties with phase-changing materials' (PCMs) energy storage capabilities, these systems aim to revolutionize energy consumption and indoor climate regulation. Biochar, derived from organic materials through pyrolysis, offers multifaceted benefits, including waste reduction, carbon sequestration, and improved soil conditioning. The impregnation of PCMs into biochar enhances thermal properties, energy storage efficiency, and temperature regulation in buildings and agricultural soils. These composites contribute to a circular economy by repurposing waste products and aligning with sustainable principles. Overall, PCM-biochar composites show promise in addressing challenges in sustainable energy and environmental management, offering versatile solutions across various sectors. This review explores the integration of PCMs with biochar for sustainable and energy-efficient building solutions.
Challenges and Potential Solutions Using IoT Applications in Smart Cities for COVID-19
Authors: Nomula Varun Kumar , Sivaprasad K. I. , Jalil Nasir Abdul , Maulana Fairuz Iqbal , Tabuena Almighty C. , Paramasivan P.
Published: August 2024

Modern technology, which includes 5G/6G networks and the Internet of Things (IoT), is critical for dealing with public health emergencies, as the COVID-19 pandemic has proven. Thanks to their ability to accumulate and examine statistics in real time, those technologies have played a key role in improving COVID-19 screening, monitoring, and therapy. The necessity of records protection is highlighted by the dependence on IoT gadgets, though, specifically in light of the potentially fatal threats linked to any flaws in these systems. The stability of society and national safety rely upon IoT tool protection, no longer merely the protection of private records. In order to lessen the pandemic's consequences, specifically in closely populated metropolitan areas, researchers from all around the world are concentrating on developing safe Internet of Things options. Assessing present packages, recognizing any protection dangers, and strengthening safeguards are all a part of this endeavour. Improving IoT protection frameworks is essential as those technologies are important to handling pandemics, and this underscores the need for continuous studies and development to defend public fitness from gift and upcoming threats.
Enhanced Immunity Disorder Classification Through Hybrid Model Integration
Authors: Basha S. K. Akbar , Hanirex D. Kerana
Published: August 2024

This chapter proposes a comprehensive approach for classifying immunity disorders using various deep learning techniques, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). The study focuses on preprocessing the dataset from Kaggle, titled “Food: Allergens and Allergies,” to enhance the classification accuracy. T-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is applied for preprocessing, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to reduce dimensionality. Subsequently, the study explores the combination of CNN with t-SNE and PCA to leverage deep learning and dimensionality reduction techniques. This approach addresses the allergy dataset's complexities by strategically combining CNN with t-SNE and PCA and provides a promising framework for more accurate and reliable immunity disorder classification. The suggested system's accuracy, precision, and recall are among the common evaluation measures used to assess its performance. With an accuracy of 90.50%, precision of 0.89, and recall of 0.88, respectively, the experimental findings show that combining CNN with t-SNE and PCA produces greater classification performance than separate models. The suggested technique offers a viable method for correctly and quickly classifying immune illnesses and advancing medical diagnostics and healthcare.
Transfer Learning Approaches for Colorectal Tumour Detection on Adapting Pre-Trained Models to Diverse Medical Imaging Datasets
Authors: Vinudevi G. , Vijayaragavan S. P. , Karthik B.
Published: August 2024

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major source of illness and death. Increasing early detection is essential to bettering patient outcomes. Transfer learning has been a viable method for improving medical imaging analysis tasks, such as colorectal tumor identification, with the development of DL. In order to identify colorectal tumors, this research investigates various transfer learning approaches using a range of medical imaging datasets. It starts by discussing the difficulties posed by the high dimensionality of picture characteristics and the scarcity of annotated medical imaging data. The idea of transfer learning is then explored, which uses the information that pre-trained models have on larger datasets to improve performance on smaller, task-specific datasets. Also, examine several transfer learning techniques, such as domain adaptation, feature extraction, and fine-tuning, emphasizing their usefulness and relevance in diagnosing colorectal cancer. It also discusses the significance of model selection, dataset curation, and performance assessment criteria in systems based on transfer learning. Fortunately, trends, difficulties, and prospects in the discipline can be identified by thoroughly analyzing current research and methodology. Our synthesis offers insightful information for academics and practitioners looking to expand the use of transfer learning in medical imaging tasks such as colorectal tumor detection.
The Influence of Rural Ecological Environment Development by China's Industrialization Process
Authors: Xia Zhenpeng
Published: August 2024

This article aims to solve the problem of heavy pollution load in rural ecological environment at present. This article elaborates on the relevant concepts and theories of rural industrialization and ecological environment protection, mainly using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze the current situation of rural ecological environment pollution in the research area. The research results indicate that the current rural ecological environment pollution load in China is heavy and severe, especially the use of fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural plastic films, livestock and poultry breeding, rural life, and township enterprise production, which have caused varying degrees of harm to the regional rural ecological environment. Therefore, effective measures must be taken to achieve the organic combination of rural industrialization and ecological environment protection. This article provides guidance for promoting the optimization and upgrading of rural industrial structure, achieving a win-win situation of economic and ecological benefits.
Impact of Digital Storytelling on Motivation in Middle School English Classrooms
Authors: Roy Abhipriya
Published: August 2024

Motivation is a key factor in the learning process, especially in language acquisition. This research examines the effects of using digital storytelling (DST) on motivation in English classrooms. The study, which used a mixed methods approach, involved 100 middle school students in Bengaluru selected through convenience sampling. Data collection methods included questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Students were divided into experimental and control groups, with the former receiving DST-integrated instruction and the latter being taught using traditional methods. The results of the quantitative analysis showed a positive influence on motivation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Qualitative results showed that implementing DST increased students' motivation, engagement, and understanding of the English language more effectively than traditional teaching methods. Further research is encouraged to explore the full potential of DST to improve student language skills and motivation.
O grande Gatsby no cinema de Baz Luhrmann: uma leitura da adaptação do romance homônimo sobre o sonho americano
Authors: Pieper Elza Carolina Beckman , Luiz Tiago Marques
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho visa realizar uma leitura da adaptação cinematográfica de O grande Gatsby, romance de F. Scott Fitzgerald, realizada pelo diretor Baz Luhrmann em 2013 e estrelada por Leonardo DiCaprio. A análise está ancorada em teorias de adaptação, intertextualidade e literatura comparada. O objetivo é explorar como a obra cinematográfica traduz e interpreta o romance de Fitzgerald, que é um marco da literatura estadunidense e um retrato icônico da década de 1920, conhecida por seu materialismo desenfreado, glamour e moralidade questionável. O romance, lançado em 1925, não foi imediatamente aclamado como uma obra-prima, apesar de seu foco nos ‘anos loucos’ pós-Primeira Guerra Mundial, e sua crítica ao excesso materialista da época é algo que Luhrmann busca capturar visual e tematicamente em sua adaptação. O filme, com seu uso extravagante de luzes, cores e sons, reflete o estilo de vida opulento e a decadência moral da era, ao mesmo tempo em que traça paralelos com a sociedade contemporânea. A pesquisa analisa a fidelidade e as liberdades tomadas por Luhrmann em relação ao texto original, focando em como elementos, como a narrativa de Nick Carraway e a representação simbólica do sonho americano, são adaptados para o cinema. Também são examinadas as escolhas estilísticas de Luhrmann, incluindo o uso de 3D, e como estas dialogam com a interpretação do romance. Os resultados indicam que a adaptação de Luhrmann oferece uma perspectiva única sobre o romance, destacando suas temáticas centrais, enquanto introduz novas camadas de interpretação e ressalta a complexidade da adaptação cinematográfica como um processo criativo que, embora baseado em uma obra literária preexistente, resulta em uma produção autônoma, com suas próprias qualidades e significados. A análise sublinha a importância de entender adaptações cinematográficas não como meras traduções, mas como reinterpretações significativas que contribuem para o diálogo entre literatura e cinema.
Cutting Edge: Low-dose Recombinant IL-2 Treatment Prevents Autoantibody Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Regulatory T Cell–independent Depletion of T Follicular Helper Cells
Authors: Santana Silvia , Papillion Amber , Foote Jeremy B , Bachus Holly , León Beatriz , De Miguel Carmen , Ballesteros-Tato André
Published: August 2024

The expansion of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells correlates with disease progression in human and murine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Unfortunately, there are no therapies to deplete Tfh cells. Importantly, low-dose rIL-2–based immunotherapy shows potent immunosuppressive effects in SLE patients and lupus-prone mice, primarily attributed to the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). However, IL-2 can also inhibit Tfh cell differentiation. In this study, we investigate the potential of low-dose rIL-2 to deplete Tfh cells and prevent autoantibody responses in SLE. Our data demonstrate that low-dose rIL-2 efficiently depletes autoreactive Tfh cells and prevents autoantibody responses in lupus-prone mice. Importantly, this immunosuppressive effect was independent of the presence of Tregs. The therapeutic potential of eliminating Tfh cells was confirmed by selectively deleting Tfh cells in lupus-prone mice. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of Tfh cells in promoting autoantibody responses and unveil, (to our knowledge), a novel Treg-independent immunosuppressive function of IL-2 in SLE.
Prevalence of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults and insulin resistance: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohammadi Malihe
Published: August 2024

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults is a form of diabetes that progresses slowly and is controlled by diet and oral glucose-lowering medications before insulin is required. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. The present study was conducted based on PRISMA 2020-27-item checklist. To find the studies conducted in line with the purpose of the study, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, EBSCO, Wiley, ISI, Elsevier, Embase databases and Google Scholar search engine were reviewed from 2013 to August 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using effect size with 95% confidence interval. Data analysis was done using STATA/MP. v17 software. The present study was carried out based on the PRISMA 2020 27-point checklist. To find out which studies were carried out in accordance with the purpose of the study, from 2013 to August, the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Knowledge, EBSCO, Wiley, ISI, Elsevier, Embase and the search engine Google Scholar reviewed 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using effect size with 95% confidence interval. Data analysis was carried out using STATA/MP. v17 software. The overall prevalence of Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults was found to be 7% (95%CI 0–20). Subgroup analysis of Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults in the context of geographic regions showed a higher prevalence in North America (15%) and South East Asia (5%). Since the identification of Latent autoimmune diabetes of adult patients with other forms of diabetes is misdiagnosed due to the combination of phenotypic features with T1D and T2D, studying its prevalence is of great importance.