bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-photon 3D printed fiber-optic Fabry–Perot probe for triaxial contact force detection of guidewire tips
Authors: Yin Ruixue , Yang Yuhang , Hou Linsong , Wei Heming , Zhang Hongbo , Zhang Wenjun
Published: August 2024

The demand for real-time feedback and miniaturization of sensing elements is a crucial issue in the treating vascular diseases with minimally invasive interventions. Here, Fabry–Perot microcavities fabricated via direct laser writing using a two-photon polymerization technique on fiber tips are proposed, designed, simulated, and experimentally demonstrated as a miniature triaxial force sensor for monitoring real-time interactions between the tip of a guidewire and human blood vessels and tissues during minimally invasive surgeries. The sensor contains four fiber tip-based Fabry–Perot cavities, which can be seamlessly integrated into medical guidewires and achieves three-axis force decoupling through symmetrically arranged flexible structures. The results showed that the proposed sensor achieved a cross-sectional diameter of 890 μm and a high sensitivity of about 85.16 nm/N within a range of 0 to 0.5 N with a resolution of hundreds of micro-Newtons. The proposed triaxial force sensor exhibits high resolution, good biocompatibility, and electromagnetic compatibility, which can be utilized as an efficient monitoring tool integrated into minimally invasive surgical intervention devices for biomedical applications.
scaDA: A novel statistical method for differential analysis of single-cell chromatin accessibility sequencing data
Authors: Zhao Fengdi , Ma Xin , Yao Bing , Lu Qing , Chen Li
Published: August 2024

Single-cell ATAC-seq sequencing data (scATAC-seq) has been widely used to investigate chromatin accessibility on the single-cell level. One important application of scATAC-seq data analysis is differential chromatin accessibility (DA) analysis. However, the data characteristics of scATAC-seq such as excessive zeros and large variability of chromatin accessibility across cells impose a unique challenge for DA analysis. Existing statistical methods focus on detecting the mean difference of the chromatin accessible regions while overlooking the distribution difference. Motivated by real data exploration that distribution difference exists among cell types, we introduce a novel composite statistical test named “scaDA”, which is based on zero-inflated negative binomial model (ZINB), for performing differential distribution analysis of chromatin accessibility by jointly testing the abundance, prevalence and dispersion simultaneously. Benefiting from both dispersion shrinkage and iterative refinement of mean and prevalence parameter estimates, scaDA demonstrates its superiority to both ZINB-based likelihood ratio tests and published methods by achieving the highest power and best FDR control in a comprehensive simulation study. In addition to demonstrating the highest power in three real sc-multiome data analyses, scaDA successfully identifies differentially accessible regions in microglia from sc-multiome data for an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) study that are most enriched in GO terms related to neurogenesis and the clinical phenotype of AD, and AD-associated GWAS SNPs.
Modeling the START transition in the budding yeast cell cycle
Authors: Ravi Janani , Samart Kewalin , Zwolak Jason
Published: August 2024

Budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is widely used as a model organism to study the genetics underlying eukaryotic cellular processes and growth critical to cancer development, such as cell division and cell cycle progression. The budding yeast cell cycle is also one of the best-studied dynamical systems owing to its thoroughly resolved genetics. However, the dynamics underlying the crucial cell cycle decision point called the START transition, at which the cell commits to a new round of DNA replication and cell division, are under-studied. The START machinery involves a central cyclin-dependent kinase; cyclins responsible for starting the transition, bud formation, and initiating DNA synthesis; and their transcriptional regulators. However, evidence has shown that the mechanism is more complicated than a simple irreversible transition switch. Activating a key transcription regulator SBF requires the phosphorylation of its inhibitor, Whi5, or an SBF/MBF monomeric component, Swi6, but not necessarily both. Also, the timing and mechanism of the inhibitor Whi5’s nuclear export, while important, are not critical for the timing and execution of START. Therefore, there is a need for a consolidated model for the budding yeast START transition, reconciling regulatory and spatial dynamics. We built a detailed mathematical model (START-BYCC) for the START transition in the budding yeast cell cycle based on established molecular interactions and experimental phenotypes. START-BYCC recapitulates the underlying dynamics and correctly emulates key phenotypic traits of ~150 known START mutants, including regulation of size control, localization of inhibitor/transcription factor complexes, and the nutritional effects on size control. Such a detailed mechanistic understanding of the underlying dynamics gets us closer towards deconvoluting the aberrant cellular development in cancer.
The psychosocial impacts of skin-neglected tropical diseases (SNTDs) as perceived by the affected persons: A systematic review
Authors: Alderton Dasha L. , Ackley Caroline , Trueba Mei L.
Published: August 2024

Background

Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) disproportionately affect marginalised groups within impoverished communities, conferring devastating physical, financial and psychosocial effects. Skin-NTDs (SNTDs) are uniquely stigmatising due to their visible nature, rendering affected individuals vulnerable to psychosocial risk and the associated decline in social participation, quality of life and mental health. In response to knowledge gaps identified by current global efforts for integrated control of SNTDs this review gathers existing evidence on the psychosocial effects of SNTDs, with consideration given to the influence of gender.

Methods

The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022336676). Data was collected from Embase, Global Health, Medline and Web of Science, with additional articles identified through Google Scholar and bibliography tracking. Qualitative studies published in English between 2005 and 2024 reporting men’s and women’s experiences with SNTDs were searched. Appropriate data from each included study were inputted into NVivo software to facilitate thematic synthesis. Descriptive and analytic themes were generated through line-by-line coding using an inductive approach.

Results

27 articles of high and moderate quality were included. They pertained to buruli ulcer, cutaneous leishmaniasis, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, tungiasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis and podoconiosis. Men and women across SNTDs and contexts reported debilitating physical symptoms which impaired their ability to work, socialise and carry out usual daily activities. Some felt (at least initially) well supported by partners and relatives, whereas most experienced avoidance, abandonment and even violence, with women incurring worse SNTD-related social consequences. Many men and most women experienced stigma, with discriminatory behaviours largely attributed to fear of infection, decreased ability to perform gender-specific daily activities, and the perceived association between SNTDs and sinfulness. Self-reported impacts of SNTDs on men’s and women’s mental wellbeing included low mood, anxiety, low self-esteem, and suicidal ideation. Disease-specific knowledge, early treatment, social support, and disease acceptance were mentioned as protective factors.

Conclusion

SNTDs cause significant psychosocial harms, particularly for women. Implementing myth-busting and contact-based educational campaigns and improving access to treatment and to livelihood opportunities and social protection schemes for men and women with a SNTD will help prevent and mitigate these.
Intergenerational effects of ocean temperature variation: Early life benefits are short-lived in threespine stickleback
Authors: Spence-Jones Helen Clare , Pein Carla M. , Shama Lisa N. S.
Published: August 2024

Current climate change models predict an increase in temperature variability and extreme events such as heatwaves, and organisms need to cope with consequent changes to environmental variation. Non-genetic inheritance mechanisms can enable parental generations to prime their offspring’s abilities to acclimate to environmental change–but they may also be deleterious. When parents are exposed to predictable environments, intergenerational plasticity can lead to better offspring trait performance in matching environments. Alternatively, parents exposed to variable or unpredictable environments may use plastic bet-hedging strategies to adjust the phenotypic variance among offspring. Here, we used a model species, the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), to test whether putatively adaptive intergenerational effects can occur in response to shifts in environmental variation as well as to shifts in environmental mean, and whether parents employ plastic bet-hedging strategies in response to increasing environmental variation. We used a full-factorial, split-clutch experiment with parents and offspring exposed to three temperature regimes: constant, natural variation, and increased variation. We show that within-generation exposure to increased temperature variation reduces growth of offspring, but having parents that were exposed to natural temperature variation during gametogenesis may offset some early-life negative growth effects. However, these mitigating intergenerational effects do not appear to persist later in life. We found no indication that stickleback mothers plastically altered offspring phenotypic variance (egg size or clutch size) in response to temperature variation. However, lower inter-individual variance of juvenile fish morphology in offspring of increased variation parents may imply the presence of conservative bet-hedging strategies in natural populations. Overall, in our experiment, parental exposure to temperature variation had limited effects on offspring fitness-related traits. Natural levels of environmental variation promoted a potentially adaptive intergenerational response in early life development, but under more challenging conditions associated with increased environmental variation, the effect was lost.
Structural basis of the activation of MARTX cysteine protease domain from Vibrio vulnificus
Authors: Chen Lin , Khan Haider , Tan Lingchen , Li Xiaojie , Zhang Gongchun , Im Young Jun
Published: August 2024

The multifunctional autoprocessing repeat-in-toxin (MARTX) toxin is the primary virulence factor of Vibrio vulnificus displaying cytotoxic and hemolytic properties. The cysteine protease domain (CPD) is responsible for activating the MARTX toxin by cleaving the toxin precursor and releasing the mature toxin fragments. To investigate the structural determinants for inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6)-mediated activation of the CPD, we determined the crystal structures of unprocessed and β-flap truncated MARTX CPDs of Vibrio vulnificus strain MO6-24/O in complex with InsP6 at 1.3 and 2.2Å resolution, respectively. The CPD displays a conserved domain with a central seven-stranded β-sheet flanked by three α-helices. The scissile bond Leu3587-Ala3588 is bound in the catalytic site of the InsP6-loaded form of the Cys3727Ala mutant. InsP6 interacts with the conserved basic cleft and the β-flap inducing the active conformation of catalytic residues. The β-flap of the post-CPD is flexible in the InsP6-unbound state. The structure of the CPD Δβ-flap showed an inactive conformation of the catalytic residues due to the absence of interaction between the active site and the β-flap. This study confirms the InsP6-mediated activation of the MARTX CPDs in which InsP6-binding induces conformational changes of the catalytic residues and the β-flap that holds the N terminus of the CPD in the active site, facilitating hydrolysis of the scissile bond.
An unclosed loop: Perspectives of community engagement in infectious disease clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Späth Carmen , Schmidt Bey-Marrié
Published: August 2024

Background

Community engagement (CE) is pertinent to ethically and scientifically rigorous infectious disease clinical trials in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, there are critiques that CE is not properly embedded in research processes and that there is uncertainty about what CE entails. The aim of this study was to gain an understanding of CE in infectious disease clinical trials in SSA, specifically factors affecting CE and existing strategies for engaging with communities.

Methods

Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 20 community and clinical trial (CT) stakeholders who worked in SSA. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed inductively using thematic analysis.

Results

Themes are as follows: 1) Communities are abandoned research-entities—a disconnect between scientific teams and communities was observed and knowledge translation was not prioritised at the community-level. 2) Us and them: community engagement teams vs investigators—CE teams expressed that researchers did not account for CE processes and often did not involve CE staff in their planning, and felt that their roles were not valued. 3) Ethical considerations: concerns and gaps—there were concerns that procedures were not standardised and that ethics processes were not adhered to. 4) Opportunities for improved CE practices—training needs were expressed, including for standardised practices, ethics, and for developing a holistic understanding of collaborating with communities.

Conclusion

CE role players require intensive training to ensure ethical CE and that communities are treated with dignity. This includes 1) using collaborative strategies involving research and CE staff, 2) protocol-adherence that recognises CE as pertinent, 3) viewing communities as complex and building relationships that are sustainable, and 4) ensuring that knowledge translation is considered at a community-level. Further research is necessary to investigate potential training programmes that integrate these elements.
Single-cell analysis of VACV infection reveals pathogen-driven timing of early and late phases and host-limited dynamics of virus production
Authors: Howell Liam Michael , Gracie Nicholas Peter , Newsome Timothy Peter
Published: August 2024

The extent and origin of variation in the replication dynamics of complex DNA viruses is not well-defined. Here, we investigate the vaccinia virus (VACV) infection cycle at the single-cell level, quantifying the temporal dynamics of early and post(dna)-replicative phase gene expression across thousands of infections. We found that viral factors determine the initiation time of these phases, and this is influenced by the multiplicity of infection (MOI). In contrast, virus production dynamics are largely constrained by the host cell. Additionally, between-cell variability in infection start time and virus production rate were strongly influenced by MOI, providing evidence for cooperativity between infecting virions. Blocking programmed cell death by pan-caspase inhibition increased infection frequency but not virus production at the population level due to a concurrent attenuation of per-cell virus yield, suggesting a dual role for caspase signaling in VACV infection. Our findings provide key insights into the pivotal factors influencing heterogeneity in the infection cycle of a large DNA virus at the single-cell level.
The ecologistics of carbon tracking: Environmental accounting software and industrial media practices
Authors: Wiessner Megan
Published: August 2024

Environmental monitoring and sustainability efforts are increasingly entangled with commercial and industrial software programs. Professionals working to make environmental changes within their industries must articulate their claims in relation to the existing workflows and operational capacities of digitized industry. The use of software to track and quantify embodied carbon costs across the life cycle of timber buildings illustrates this new paradigm of ecologistics, where optimization across supply chains and environmental objectives meet. Describing architects and engineers in the Pacific Northwest of North America who are working to lower the embodied carbon of the built environment, the article theorizes their use and development of software to this end as engaging in a kind of distributed industrial rhetoric. It details how some of these people understand the constitutive impossibility of reducing either ecological complexity or environmental politics to this calculative register, and how, as a result, they self-consciously develop environmental accounting methodologies to transform (rather than merely index) current practices. Neither the logics of capture and interoperability nor normative environmental goals are decisive here. By looking at how they interact, I highlight the role of commercial digital software in structuring how environmentalism is expressed and the role of subjective socioecological concerns in the development of new data infrastructures and methodologies.
Political trends and groups in Csanád county in the 1840s
Authors: Deák Ádám
Published: August 2024

In the context of the study of political trends and groups in the Hungarian reform era, it is necessary examining the political life in the counties. In the 1840s, the nobility in Csanád county became increasingly divided into parties. In my study, I will examine conflicts between the nobles of Csanád and how the formation of the Conservative Party and the Liberal Party affected the political situation in Csanád county. In the context of the Diets, the election of deputies and the drafting of instructions also caused exciting clashes between the nobles, which greatly shades the picture of political trends.
Family background of Elisabeth Szilágyi
Authors: Csifó Tamás
Published: August 2024

To date, there has not been a scientific biographical monograph on Elisabeth (Erzsébet) Szilágyi of Horogszeg in Hungarian historiography, researchers have generally dealt with her life only tangentially. As a result, there is no known treatise that focuses exclusively on the kinship of the Hunyadi era’s grand dame. However, the full exploration of Elisabeth’s life justifies a more comprehensive treatment of this topic. In this study, I would like to give an insight into the family background of Elisabeth Szilágyi. Through a literature review of the subject, I will present her lineage, starting from her first known ancestors, and especially her parents’ life. In my analysis, I will also examine the geographical and social origins of his parents’ families. Furthermore, I will briefly summarise what we know about Elisabeth’s siblings and their lineage. In addition, my thesis aims to point out uncertainties which, in my opinion, can be further explored in the future to gain a more thorough understanding of Elisabeth’s family background.
Az Oszmán Birodalom alkotmányos kormányainak társadalmi legitimációs problémái az erzurumi vilájetben az orosz konzulátusi források tükrében 1908–1914 között
Authors: Gazdik Dániel
Published: August 2024

This study aims to place the challenges faced by constitutional governments (1908–1914) that replaced the autocracy of Sultan Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909) in Erzurum vilayet within a broader context, using a microhistorical approach. Analyzing detailed reports from Russian consuls stationed in Erzurum reveals a complex social fabric where―at the dawn of modernity and constitutional changes―acute fractures emerged, impeding effective governance in the Ottoman Empire’s peripheries. The article outlines broad social issues, demonstrating that the Young Turks’ aspirations for modern state-building ultimately faltered due to insufficient social support. This research sheds light on deep-rooted complexities within the socio-political landscape, crucially influencing the trajectory of the reformist movement in Erzurum. The examination of nuanced accounts offered by Russian consuls contributes valuable insights into the challenges besetting the Erzurum vilayet and the wider Ottoman context during this transformative period. Such analysis illuminates the dynamics between imperial governance, interethnic relations, and the aspirations of diverse communities in this frontier region. Ultimately, this article enhances understanding of the interplay between political developments, societal complexities, and governance challenges, shaping the late Ottoman Empire’s historical course.
Vegyes házasság - kétnyelvűség - asszimiláció
Authors: Bodó Barna , Incze Erika
Published: August 2024

It is inevitable that minority communities that have no autonomy will decline in population. The reasons for this are the demographic situation of the given community, the omnipresent assimilation process and the regionally very different social coexistence between a majority and minority. In a diaspora, the number and proportion of mixed marriages is very high, reaching up to 70%, which is (one of) the most important drives behind assimilation. In mixed families, where the dominant language is the state language, the language of the majority spouse, it is almost inexorable that the children will have a Romanian identity, with little attachment to the minority Hungarian language. The question is how language use in mixed families can be influenced and, more specifically, how balanced bilingualism can be achieved and with what likelihood.
A társadalmi élet alszférái
Authors: Farkas Zoltán
Published: August 2024

According to my conception, we can distinguish the four main spheres of modern human life: the spheres of private life, community life, social life, and coercive life. The modern state (or national) society is a heterogeneous society in which the main life spheres mentioned have been developed, and in which the sphere of social life is of fundamental importance. In this paper, the focus of inquiry is that the sphere of social life is also complex, from the point of view that it is differentiated into social sub-spheres. First, I point out the main conceptions regarding the differentiation of society into subsystems, fields, or spheres, especially Bourdieu’s field theory, and then I define the concept of social sub-sphere. After that, I distinguish the sphere of everyday social life on the one hand, and the sphere of political life on the other; and within the former sphere (or partly in the area of other life spheres) I make a distinction between further sub-spheres: the relatively pure social sub-sphere, the semi-social sub-sphere, and the mixed life sphere.
Hungarian Secondary School Students’ Views on the Tasks of the Student Council (DÖK) and
Their Participation in It
Authors: Jancsák Csaba
Published: August 2024

The Student Council is the body that represents and protects the interests of secondary school students and organises their social and cultural life at school. In Hungary, it is called a student self-government (diákönkormányzat, DÖK) in the Public Education Act. The Public Education Act gives the student council wide-ranging rights. The DÖK is one of the most important non-formal educational arenas for the development of civic competences, where the views of students are formed, their opinions are nuanced, and their knowledge can become skills and competences. The basic condition for this is individual and community activity and active participation, the development of which is a central tool for the social integration of young people. Participation in the framework of this study means participation in everyday life and decisions of the community, rather than mere organizational membership: ways of thinking and activities that are based on the world of social values and are reflected in public action and patterns of action. In this study, we also wanted to gain a deeper understanding of how do students’ responses paint a picture regarding the role of the DÖK as a “democracy school”. The self-governments of secondary school students are not only formed within the framework of the social climate and institutional microclimate, but they can also shape it reflectively when these frameworks are sometimes expanded. In this study we will examine the presence of conformity and the ability to innovate in relation to the DÖK, i.e. what patterns can be seen in the students’ views on the functions and role and task assumption of the DÖK, and in the relationship of intention to participate in them.
The Role of Ethics Education in the Fight Against Corruption
Authors: Ndiku Judah Mualuko , Nasongo Joseph W. , Odero Monica
Published: August 2024

Education has an integral role to inculcate morality in learners. It is expected that education should produce responsible persons who can be trusted in promoting the well-being of society.  An educated individual according to Julius Nyerere is one who is ready to serve the masses, realize and recognize themselves as being part of the society. The current world requires education that can make its citizens grow into morally responsible individuals whose actions promote justice in society. Bearing in mind that unless corruption is eliminated within and through the education system, society will continue to be captive of corruption.  Society today, has overlooked the prime duty of imparting knowledge of morals into its citizens. This has however resulted into the growth of citizens whose morals are in question. Ethics plays a vital role in education since it acts as a basis of identifying the wrong and right and the training of the human will to pursue what is right. Corruption is a wrong doing that can be dealt with when people come into agreement and understanding of their place, place of others and the reasons for respecting every individual’s capabilities (need to address the common good. i.e. resources, public office, public funds).  Individuals with deeper understanding of morality tend to uphold transparency and accountability. Such individuals shun away from acts of corruption since they know and understand the consequences of every action they partake. Schools therefore have a responsibility of ensuring that all students who undergo the education processes are morally equipped with knowledge and skills of the do’s and don’ts. This paper therefore aims at examining the place of ethics in secondary school education and the extent to which education ought to contribute towards the war against corruption in Africa.
Transformative Education for Innovative Educational Practices: Fourth Volume of the Global Journal of Transformative Education
Authors: Ndemanu Michael , Colonel-Molina Serafín
Published: August 2024

The Editors-in-Chief introduce the 4th Volume of the Global Journal of Transformative Education.
Vertebrogenesis: what the discoveries of the 21st century added into the classical understanding of the embryogenesis of the spine in general and of the craniovertebral zone in particular. Scientific review
Authors: Krasnov I. M. , Mushkin M. A. , Mushkin A. Yu.
Published: August 2024

Classical concepts of embryogenesis of the spine, supplemented by modern data on the role of extracellular matrix factors, specific cell adhesionmolecules, signaling molecules, and Hox and Pax genes are presented. They allow us to get closer to understanding the molecular genetic cascades possibly regulating the development of the axial skeleton. Particular attention is paid to the data on the influence of these factors on the morphogenesis of the craniovertebral zone and its defects, primarily associated with segmentation disorders.
Masa Depan Pemanfaatan Batubara sebagai Sumber Energi di Indonesia
Authors: Pahlevi Rinaldi , Thamrin Suyono , Ahmad Irdam , Nugroho Fajar Bayu
Published: August 2024

Coal is one of the potential energy sources that can be seen from the aspect of production and availability of reserves that are relatively large compared to other fossil energy sources in Indonesia. Until now, coal is still used as the basic capital for development, especially in the electricity sector. Based on the Electricity Supply Business Plan (RUPTL) 2021-2030, in terms of the achievement of the energy mix, it is still dominated by coal utilization where coal usage increased significantly from 2011 to December 2020. In the 2021-2030 RUPTL, it is explained that there are scenarios for future coal utilization with optimal and low carbon scenarios, which in both scenarios still place coal in a fairly high portion of the mix. On the other hand, the Pertamina Outlook energy also describes scenarios for future coal utilization with several scenarios, namely the Ordinary State (OS), Appropriate Sustainability (AS), and Economic Renaissance (ER) scenarios. In the OS scenario, coal will continue to experience growth, but in the US scenario, growth has decreased until the ER scenario with green economic transformation experiences a negative growth rate. In addition, coal utilization is starting to be directed towards clean coal technology as a form of effort to achieve the Net Zero Emission (NZE) target in 2060. Therefore, coal utilization must be carried out wisely by promoting the concept of clean coal technology with various strategic steps ranging from policies or regulations to the application of environmentally friendly technology as the key to success in utilizing coal that is more environmentally friendly and sustainable.
Studi Potensi Penghematan Energi pada Coal Handling System PLTU Jawa IV Menggunakan Analisis Regresi Multivarian
Authors: Hastanto Ari , T.K Berkah Fajar , Windarta Jaka
Published: August 2024

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU) Jawa IV merupakan salah satu PLTU berdaya terbesar di Indonesia yang memiliki transportasi batubara dari Jetty menuju Bunker sepanjang lebih dari lima kilometer, dan dikelola Coal Handling System (CHS). United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) memberikan pedoman pengelolaan energi berdasarkan ISO 50001 di sektor industri. Pedoman ini menghasilkan keluaran pada pengguna energi terbesar CHS yang dijadikan obyek utama  penghematan energi, yaitu sistem konveyor. Pengoperasian sistem konveyor CHS yang panjang dengan struktur naik turun, area luas, kondisi angin dan cuaca berubah-ubah, menyebabkan frekuensi intermiten meningkat, dan tonase berubah-ubah, yang berpengaruh pada fluktuasi konsumsi energi. Analisis regresi multivarian digunakan untuk menyelidiki variabel-variabel independen yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap konsumsi energi sistem konveyor, yaitu jumlah intermiten atau start-stop konveyor, durasi tonase, dan komposisi roller. Peningkatan performa pada variabel-variabel ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa penambahan tiga teknisi terampil dapat meningkatkan kualitas preventive maintenance (PM) yang mengurangi breakdown fasilitas sebesar 80%, serta berpotensi menghemat energi hingga 33.184,26 kWH/bulan. Durasi tonase optimal per hari untuk meminimumkan konsumsi energi, namun tetap memenuhi kebutuhan batubara yang ditransportasikan sebesar 22.000 ton per hari adalah berturut-turut 0,30; 2,56; dan 13,30 jam pada tonase <1000, 1000-1200, dan 1200-1400 tph, berpotensi menghemat energi hingga 9.462,44 kWH/bulan. Sedangkan skenario penggantian roller berumur di atas dua tahun sebesar 2% dari total keseluruhan berpotensi menghemat energi hingga 16.997,44 kWH/bulan.
QSAR, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamic of Novel Coumarin Derivatives as α-Glucosidase Inhibitor
Authors: Hafshah Mutista , Firdaus Irvan Maulana , Fitiani Ika Nur , Rahmawati Lutfiah
Published: August 2024

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder posing a significant health risk. Effective treatments are continually sought. Coumarin derivatives with oxime ester groups have shown potential as antidiabetic agents by inhibiting the α-glucosidase enzyme, a key player in glycoprotein metabolism and postprandial hyperglycemia control. This makes lysosomal α-glucosidase a promising therapeutic target. A study used 28 coumarin derivatives with known α-glucosidase inhibitory IC50 values for computer-assisted drug design (CADD) through quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, yielding a statistically robust equation for guiding new compound development. Subsequently, eleven new coumarin derivatives with oxime ester groups were synthesized, showing enhanced α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared to the initial set. Molecular docking assays indicated that compounds 32, 37, 38, and 39 had lower free energy values than the native ligand, suggesting higher stability in target protein interactions. Notably, compound 38 had the lowest free energy (-8.351) and demonstrated lower root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) than the original ligand, indicating greater stability. The QSAR equation derived is:Log IC50 = 2.886 - 0.054 (LUMO) + 0.073 (μ) – 0.148 (α) – 0.046 (RD) + 0.046 (BM) + 0.001 (Vvdw) – 0.421 (qC2) + 1.138 (qC8) – 0.092 (qC9) + 2.61 (qC10) + 1.354 (qN1) (Eq 1) n=28; R=0.918; R2=0.843; SD=0.196; F hit/F tab=3.169; Sig =<0.01; PRESS = 1.376.Compound 38’s SMILES notation is:C\C(=N/OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1)C1=CC2=CC(O)=C(CC(O)=O)C=C2OC1=O).
Bioefficacy of Mucana pruriens extracts against Rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Chowdhury Swapan Kumar , Roy Sandip , Banerjee Mainak , Basnett Deewa , Mazumdar Tanmoy
Published: August 2024

In the agricultural sector, the rice weevil, Sitophilous oryzae L. is one of the most damaging pests, causing significant economic losses worldwide. It is an internal feeder of grains. The female rice weevil causes damage to the grain by creating a hole in it and laying her eggs inside. The main purpose of our study was to investigate the biological effect of an aqueous extract of Mucana prurienson rice weevil under laboratory conditions. To assess the biological activities, data like number of the days to adult emergence, total adult emergence, percent infestation, weight loss, adult longevity, and adult sex ratio were recorded. The findings showed that, in the case of a 100 mg/ml plant extract, the maximum number of days needed for the adult emergence of rice was 66 and 72 days for wheat weevil, and the minimum number of days required was 20 and 25 in case control of both rice and wheat grains. When rice grains were treated with 0 mg/ml aqueous extracts, the maximum number of adult emergences observed was 72 on rice grains, while 66.00 occurred on wheat grains. The highest percentage of infestation (40.00%) was found in rice grains, while the highest percentage (39.78%) was found in wheat grains treated with 0 mg/ml aqueous extracts. The lowest weight loss (7.99%) was observed in rice grains and the highest weight loss (16.66%) in wheat grains treated with 100 mg/ml extracts; on the other hand, the lowest weight loss (13.33%) was observed in rice grains and the highest in wheat grains treated with 0 mg/ml aqueous extracts. When weevils were raised on untreated rice and wheat grains, the longest recorded adult lifespan was achieved overall. For rice weevil control that is safer, plant aqueous extracts with concentrations of 100 mg/ml and 75 mg/ml ought to be utilized. The present studies were carried out to examine the environmentally friendly aqueous extracts of Mucana pruriens and their pesticidal efficacy in controlling rice weevil. The study anticipates that Mucana pruriens extracts will exhibit significant insecticidal properties, potentially providing a natural alternative to synthetic insecticides. This study contributes to sustainable pest management strategies for stored grains.
Higher Tate traces of Chow motives
Authors: De Clercq Charles , Quéguiner-Mathieu Anne
Published: August 2024

We establish the complete classification of Chow motives of projective homogeneous varieties forp-inner semi-simple algebraic groups, with coefficients inℤ/p⁢ℤ{{\mathbb{Z}}/p{\mathbb{Z}}}. Our results involve a new motivic invariant, the Tate trace of a motive, defined as a pure Tate summand of maximal rank. They apply more generally to objects of the Tate subcategory generated by upper motives of irreducible, geometrically split varieties satisfying the nilpotence principle. Using Chernousov–Gille–Merkurjev decompositions and their interpretation through Bialynicki–Birula–Hesselink–Iversen filtrations due to Brosnan, we then generalize the characterization of the motivic equivalence of inner semi-simple groups through the higher Titsp-indexes. We also define the motivic splitting pattern and the motivic splitting towers of a summand of the motive of a projective homogeneous variety, which correspond for quadrics to the classical splitting pattern and Knebusch tower of the underlying quadratic form.
Marcinkiewicz spaces with variable exponents
Authors: Xia Liuye , Han Yingxiao , Fang Mi , Gao Hongya
Published: August 2024

Marcinkiewicz spaces with variable exponents are defined and some basic properties are given.
Approximation of functions in H
⃗p

η1,η2
class by Fejér-type operators
Authors: Patel Yogeshkumar K. , Vyas Rajendra G.
Published: August 2024

In the present work, we explore Fejér-type operators within the mixed Lebesgue space

L

p
→

⁢

[

ℝ
2

]

{L_{\vec{p}}[\mathbb{R}^{2}]}

and establish the degree of approximation for functions belonging to the class

H

p
→

η
1

,

η
2

{H_{\vec{p}}^{\eta_{1},\eta_{2}}}

through the utilization of Fejér-type operators.
Time-antiperiodic and space-periodic boundary value problem for one class of semilinear partial differential equations
Authors: Kharibegashvili Sergo , Midodashvili Bidzina
Published: August 2024

In this work, a time-antiperiodic and space-periodic boundary value problem for one class of semilinear partial differential equations is studied. The theorems on existence, uniqueness and nonexistence of solutions of this problem are proved.
Lacunary weak convergence of sequences defined by Orlicz function
Authors: Tamuli Bibhajyoti , Tripathy Binod Chandra
Published: August 2024

In this article, we introduced the idea of lacunary weak convergence of sequences defined by the class of Orlicz function. Various topological and algebraic properties, such as solidity, symmetry, and monotonicity, have been studied. To validate the failure instances, we gave appropriate examples and detailed discussions. Additionally, we have established some inclusion relationships between these spaces.
Clausal agreement on adverbs in Andi
Authors: Kaye Steven
Published: August 2024

Andi (Nakh-Daghestanian; Russia) displays a typologically remarkable phenomenon: adverbs of numerous morphological and functional types inflect for agreement with a clause-level controller. To the extent that adverb agreement has been observed elsewhere, it is commonly taken to signal that the items involved are semantically oriented towards the participants they agree with, aligning the phenomenon with secondary predication. This paper demonstrates that Andi works differently: the widespread clausal agreement seen on Andi adverbs is insensitive to participant orientation. While agreement exponence on adverbs is morphologically complex, a simple structural principle (modelled here in Minimalist terms) ensures that clause-level agreement is always with the absolutive-case argument. The Andi facts thus provide evidence for a typological distinction between those languages where clausal agreement on adverbs can serve a semantic function and those where it cannot. A potential challenge is posed by the exceptional “biabsolutive” construction, where both subject and object appear in absolutive case and either may control adverb agreement, suggesting a role for some additional non-structural factor. However, on independent grounds this paper identifies the two arguments as belonging to distinct structural layers; this apparent flexibility in controller choice merely reflects the ability of certain adverbs to modify either layer.
Word formation patterns in the perception domain: a typological study of cross-modal semantic associations
Authors: Norcliffe Elisabeth , Majid Asifa
Published: August 2024

The lexicalization of perception verbs has been of widespread interest as a route into understanding the relationship between language and cognition. A recent study finds global biases in colexification patterns, suggesting recurrent conceptual associations between sensory meanings across languages. In this paper, drawing on a balanced sample of 100 languages, we examine cross-modal semantic associations in word formation. Confirming earlier proposals, we find derived verbs are lower on a proposed Sense Modality Hierarchy (sight > hearing > touch > taste, smell) than the source perception verbs on which they are based. We propose these findings can be explained by verb frequency asymmetries and the general tendency for sources of derivations to be more frequent than their targets. Moreover, it appears certain pairings (e.g., hear–smell) are recurrently associated via word formation, but others are typologically rare. Intriguingly, the typological patterning partially diverges from the patterning reported for colexification in the same domain. We suggest that while colexification is driven by conceptual resemblance between sensory meanings, cross-modal word formations tend to arise from grammaticalization processes of lexical specification, where additional material (e.g., a sensory noun) is collocated to a polysemous verb in order to disambiguate it in context. Together, these processes can account for the typological similarities and divergences between the two phenomena. More generally, this study highlights the need to consider conceptual, communicative and diachronic factors together in the mapping between words and meanings.
Endpoint boundedness of toroidal pseudo-differential operators
Authors: Ramla Benhamoud
Published: August 2024

In this note, we prove that the toroidal pseudo-differential operator is bounded from

L

∞

(

T

n

)

{L}^{\infty }\left({{\mathbb{T}}}^{n})

to

BMO

(

T

n

)

{\rm{BMO}}\left({{\mathbb{T}}}^{n})

if the symbol belongs to the toroidal Hörmander class

S

ρ
,
δ

n

(

ρ
−
1

)

∕
2

(

T

n

×

Z

n

)

{S}_{\rho ,\delta }^{n\left(\rho -1)/2}\left({{\mathbb{T}}}^{n}\times {{\mathbb{Z}}}^{n})

with

0
<
ρ
≤
1

0\lt \rho \le 1

and

0
≤
δ
<
1

0\le \delta \lt 1

. As a corollary, we obtain a result of toroidal pseudo-differential operators on

L

p

{L}^{p}

when

2
<
p
<
∞

2\lt p\lt \infty

for symbols in the class

S

ρ
,
δ

m

(

T

n

×

Z

n

)

{S}_{\rho ,\delta }^{m}\left({{\mathbb{T}}}^{n}\times {{\mathbb{Z}}}^{n})

with

m
≤
n

(

ρ
−
1

)

1

2

−

1

p

+

n

p

min

{

0
,
ρ
−
δ

}

m\le n\left(\rho -1)\left(\phantom{\rule[-0.75em]{}{0ex}},\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{p}\right)+\frac{n}{p}\min \left\{0,\rho -\delta \right\}

.
New convolved Fibonacci collocation procedure for the Fitzhugh–Nagumo non-linear equation
Authors: Abd-Elhameed Waleed Mohamed , Al-Harbi Mohamed Salem , Atta Ahmed Gamal
Published: August 2024

This article is dedicated to propose a spectral solution for the non-linear Fitzhugh–Nagumo equation. The proposed solution is expressed as a double sum of basis functions that are chosen to be the convolved Fibonacci polynomials that generalize the well-known Fibonacci polynomials. In order to be able to apply the proposed collocation method, the operational matrices of derivatives of the convolved Fibonacci polynomials are introduced. The convergence and error analysis of the double expansion are carefully investigated in detail. Some new identities and inequalities regarding the convolved Fibonacci polynomials are introduced for such a study. Some numerical results, along with some comparisons, are provided. The presented results show that our proposed algorithm is efficient and accurate.
Mercury removal from water: insights from MOFs and their composites
Authors: Ul Khair Kashaf , Ahmad Khalil , Kashif Muhammad , Naseem Khalida , Qureshi Khizar , Majeed Hammad
Published: August 2024

Mercury pollution is disturbing, human health by causing many serious types of diseases. Therefore, elimination of mercury from water bodies is very important that is gaining attention among researchers, and researchers are setting priority measures to make mercury free water. One such measure is the use of MOFs and their composites which are extensively applied for the removal of Hg from water, because of displaying majestical characteristics like high water stability, tunable porosity and surface area as well as easy to synthesize. In this review, we discussed the elimination of Hg ions using MOFs and their composites. We also discussed how MOFs and their composites can be modified that can be more reliable and efficient for removal of pollutants from water particularly mercury ions. Furthermore, we explored the challenges in the application of MOFs and present measures to boost the application range of MOFs. In the same way we also discussed potential of MOFs and their composites to overcome difficulties and research directions for the elimination of Hg (II) ions from water bodies. We expect that this review will offer inclusive and clear understanding to researchers about MOFs and their composite for practical applications to remove mercury from water bodies.
Existence results for a coupled system of fractional stochastic differential equations involving Hilfer derivative
Authors: Arioui Fatima Zahra
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we consider a coupled system of fractional stochastic differential equations involving the Hilfer derivative of order

1
2

<
α
<
1

{\frac{1}{2}<\alpha<1}

. Under some assumptions, we prove the existence of mild solutions for our system based on Perov’s and Schaefer’s fixed point theorems. An example illustrating our result is provided.
Comparing the DSM-5 Dimensional Trait and Triarchic Model Conceptions of Psychopathy: An External Validity Analysis
Authors: Sica Claudio , Caudek Corrado , Colpizzi Ilaria , Bottesi Gioia , Iannattone Sara , Patrick Christopher J.
Published: August 2024

In the DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD), psychopathy is marked by the presence of attention seeking, low anxiousness, and lack of social withdrawal, along with traits from the domains of Antagonism and Disinhibition. The triarchic model of psychopathy (TriPM) posits three biobehaviorally based traits underlying it: disinhibition, meanness, and boldness. The current study directly compared relations for measures of the two models with the broad dimensions of externalizing, internalizing, and positive adjustment. Participants (1,678 adults) were surveyed regarding maladaptive personality traits, clinical symptoms, and positive adjustment features. The TriPM model explained more variance than the AMPD in substance use, positive adjustment, and empathy, whereas the AMPD model explained more variance in internalizing symptoms. In addition, AMPD Antagonism and the Psychopathy Specifier diverged from TriPM Meanness and Boldness in their associations with some specific outcomes. Overall, our study provides evidence for complementarity of the two models in characterizing the multifaceted nature of psychopathy.
Perpectivas patrimoniais: teoria, legislação e prática na representação da cultura e da memória entre Pernambuco e Buenos Aires
Authors: Siqueira Neto Moysés M.
Published: August 2024

Este artigo objetiva descrever a investigação desenvolvida no projetoPerspectivas teóricas sobre el património material e inmaterial en Sudamerica(Brasil y Argentina), que enfocou a constituição de patrimônios culturais através doórgão de gestão do patrimônio da cidade autônoma de Buenos Aires, a Comisiónpara La Preservación del Patrimonio Histórico de La Ciudad de Buenos Aires(C.P.P.H.C) e suas atividades ligada ao Sitio de Interés Cultural.
Caracterização e Origens do Culto Moderno dos Monumentos
Authors: Sanches Pedro Luís Machado
Published: August 2024

Caracterização e Origens do Culto Moderno dos Monumentos