bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stress–thermal oxidative aging behavior of hydrogenated nitrile rubber seals
Authors: Lou W. , Zhang W. , Jin T. , Liu X. , Wang H.
Published: October 2018

The long‐term thermal oxidative aging behavior of uncompressed and compressed hydrogenated nitrile rubber seals was studied in terms of the weight loss, chemical structure, crosslinking density, compression set, fracture morphology, and mechanical properties. It was found that weight loss of the uncompressed seals was more than that of the compressed seals due to restricted mobility of additives and molecular chains under compression. The ATR–FTIR results showed that hydroxyl groups and carbonyl groups both were formed under the uncompressed and compressed states, whereas only the generation of amide groups was observed under the uncompressed state. Additionally, crosslinking reactions dominated throughout the aging process, but stress‐induced and oxidation‐induced chain scissions occurred and competed with crosslinking during subsequent middle and later stages of aging at 110 °C. Compression set of the compressed seals implied the formation of a denser network structure. The surface damage of the uncompressed seals gradually turned more serious and inhomogeneous than that of the compressed seals. Mechanical properties of the uncompressed and compressed seals showed a similar variation tendency with exposure time and degraded more seriously at higher temperatures. The TGA results indicated that the aging conditions (elevated temperature and compressive stress) did not significantly affect the thermal stability of the rubber seals. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47014.
Molded environment‐friendly flame‐retardant foaming material with high strength based on corn starch modified by crosslinking and grafting
Authors: Wang Yanbin , Su Qiong , Wang Hongling , Zhao Xiangfei , Liang Shuang
Published: October 2018

A flame‐retardant foaming material based on corn starch was prepared by a mold pressing method. The starch was crosslinked using Na3[PO3]3 and became gelatinized. Initiated by (NH4)2S2O8, the starch was grafted with methyl acrylate and vinyl acetate by a free‐radical polymerization. The starch was mixed with the foaming regent composed of NaHCO3 and azodicarbonamide, and molded at 135 °C and 9 MPa for 10 min. A foaming material with a uniform honeycomb‐like structure and relatively high strength was prepared. Its apparent density, tensile strength, impact strength and elongation were 0.685 g cm−3, 1.065 kJ m−2, 3.025 MPa, and 28.8%. It held excellent flame resistance of V‐0 rating. Na3(PO3)3 acted both as crosslinker and flame retardant, which effectively simplified the formula. When the material was burnt, a compact charred crust was formed on its surface, which prevented the permeation of oxygen and the release of combustible organic compounds. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47193.
Increasing influence of central Pacific El Niño on the inter‐decadal variation of spring rainfall in northern Taiwan and southern China since 1980
Authors: Kao Pei‐ken , Hung Chih‐wen , Hong Chi‐Cherng
Published: October 2018

Decadal variation of spring (February–April) rainfall in northern Taiwan and southern China was significantly related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) during the 20th century. However, this inter‐decadal relationship subsequently weakened, and the sea surface temperature (SST) associated with the central Pacific El Niño (CPEN) has determined the inter‐decadal variation of spring rainfall in northern Taiwan and southern China since the 1980s. In this study, the effect of CPEN–SST on the inter‐decadal variation of spring rainfall in northern Taiwan and southern China was investigated. We found that a CPEN‐associated positive SST anomaly in the eastern North Pacific forced an east–west overturning circulation anomaly in the subtropical North Pacific, the descending motion of which may have generated an anticyclonic circulation anomaly in the Philippine Sea. Simultaneously, the anticyclone associated southerly winds anomaly may enhance the southwesterly in northwest of the anticyclone, which in term enhance the trough extending from Japan to northern Taiwan. The anticyclone and trough associated with the respective southwesterly and northeasterly anomalies created a convergence environment in northern Taiwan. In turn, this convergence environment contributed substantially to an inter‐decadal rainfall enhancement in northern Taiwan and southern China. Our results suggest that the effect of CPEN–SST on the inter‐decadal variation of spring rainfall in northern Taiwan and southern China has increased since 1980, especially during the transition period from the termination of a warm PDO phase to a cold phase in the late 1990s.