bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Observational Study of the Use of Saline Uterine Hydrosonography for the Diagnosis and Assessment of Uterine Cavity Lesions in Women
Authors: Vathanan Veluppillai , Armar Nii Adjeidu
Published: August 2016

Aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of saline hydrosonography (HSGM) (also known as saline infusion sonography (SIS)) against transvaginal ultrasound scan (TVS) and hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of uterine cavity lesions. Diagnostic hysteroscopy with biopsy is considered as the “gold standard” to diagnose intrauterine abnormalities. The introduction of HSGM has improved the diagnostic capability of ultrasound. It is important to establish the efficacy and safety of HSGM before it is widely recommended for use. This retrospective observational data was collected from all 223 patients who underwent TVS, HSGM, and hysteroscopy as part of their gynaecological investigations from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2010 at Central Middlesex Hospital, London.Endometrial Polyps. TVS: sensitivity 60.53%, specificity 97.06%, positive predictive value (PPV) 95.83%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 68.75% and HSGM: sensitivity 95%, specificity 97.14%, PPV 97.44%, and NPV 94.44%.Submucous Leiomyoma. TVS: sensitivity 57.14%, specificity 93.48%, PPV 84.21%, and NPV 78.18% and HSGM: sensitivity 96.55%, specificity 100.00%, PPV 100.00%, and NPV 97.92%. Diagnostic efficacy of HSGM is superior to TVS for the diagnosis of endometrial polyps and submucous fibroids. HSGM should be considered as an intermediate investigation after TVS to assess intracavity pathology and to confirm the diagnosis; hysteroscopy should become a therapeutic intervention.
Evaluation of Movements in Tapping and Tremor from the Viewpoint of the Theory of Chaos and Self-Organization
Authors: Khadartsev Alexander A. , Eskov Valeriy Matveevich , Pan Weidong
Published: August 2016

Chaos in the organization of any human or animal movement has its own parameters in the form of quasi-attractors, and these parameters (quasi-attractors) have a diagnostically significant value. Motor activity of any biological entity in biomechanics consists of a real superposition of voluntary acts (i.e., having a goal and the mechanisms of its implementation) and an obligatory element of chaos when the arbitrary motor activity cannot really be implemented arbitrarily. This paper presents examples of the practical implementation of the parameters of chaos in clinical medicine and their diagnostic value.
Colchicin in der Behandlung der tracheobronchialen Amyloidose
Authors: Morales Arturo , Pari Marizell , López-Lisbona Rosa , Cubero Noelia , Dorca Jordi , Rosell Antoni
Published: August 2016

Die tracheobronchiale Amyloidose ist eine selten vorkommende Erkrankung, die durch Ablagerungen von Proteinstrukturen im Tracheobronchialbaum gekennzeichnet ist. Die Krankheit ist generell mit einer hohen Morbidität und einer variablen Mortalität in den Jahren nach der Diagnosestellung assoziiert. Über die optimale Behandlung besteht kein Konsens. Wir berichten über den Fall einer 63-jährigen Patientin, die sich mit einer diffusen tracheobronchialen Amyloidose mit begleitender Kehlkopferkrankung vorstellte und bei der aufgrund einer hochgradigen subglottischen Stenose eine perkutane Tracheotomie erforderlich wurde; Anzeichen einer systemischen Amyloidose lagen nicht vor. Nach der Behandlung allein mit Colchicin normalisierte sich der stenosierte Bereich vollständig, mit sehr gutem Ansprechen der tracheobronchialen Amyloidose, von der nur noch kleine gelbe Plaques übrig blieben. In den folgenden 4 Jahren der Nachbeobachtung blieb die Patientin symptomfrei, ohne Anzeichen einer endoskopischen Progression. Dies ist der erste dokumentierte Fall eines solchen Ansprechens auf alleinige Colchicinbehandlung bei tracheobronchialer Amyloidose. Die zum Thema vorliegende Literatur wird im Überblick dargestellt.
Efficacy and Safety of Topical Pidobenzone 4% as Adjuvant Treatment for Solar Lentigines: Result of a Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial
Authors: Campanati Anna , Giannoni Melania , Scalise Alessandro , De Blasio Simona , Giuliano Angela , Giuliodori Katia , Ganzetti Giulia , Bolletta Elisa , Di Benedetto Giovanni , Offidani Annamaria
Published: August 2016

Background/Objective: This study aims at the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a combination therapy based on pidobenzone 4% and fractional CO2 laser or cryotherapy in the treatment of solar lentigines and the prevention of eventual posttreatment hyperchromia. Methods: Efficacy was clinically evaluated by grading the pigmentation level with the Skin Tone Color Scale (STCS), and by grading patients' impression through a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: Our study shows that the associated treatment was safe and that it improves the therapeutic results on solar lentigines and prevents postiatrogenic hyperpigmentation compared with physical therapy alone. Conclusion: The combination of cryotherapy and pidobenzone 4% has been found to be the most useful treatment.
Outcomes in Patients with Vestibular Schwannoma after Subtotal Resection and Adjuvant Radiosurgery
Authors: Radwan Hesham , Eisenberg Mark Bruce , Sandberg Knisely Jonathan Petrus , Ghaly Maged Mofied , Schulder Michael
Published: August 2016

Background: The debate continues with a limited number of publications describing outcomes in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) treated with planned subtotal resection (STR) plus stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Here we present our experience. Methods: This is a retrospective review of 22 patients with VS Koos grade III and IV who were treated with STR followed by SRS. Tumor volumes, facial nerve function, hearing preservation, and the presence of trigeminal neuropathy were noted. Spearman's rank test was used to correlate facial nerve grade with postoperative tumor residual tumor volume. Results: Tumor control was achieved in all patients with a mean follow-up of 28 months. No patient required other treatment beyond the original surgery and adjuvant SRS during this period. After a mean postoperative period of 28 months, 19/22 patients had excellent (House-Brackmann I or II) facial nerve function grading. Improved facial nerve function was positively correlated with larger residual tumor volume (rs = 0.63). Kaplan-Meier curve showed around 80% probability for regaining facial nerve function after initial deterioration. Four patients reported postoperative facial numbness at the side of surgery, with 3 cases showing improvement within a month. Temporary postoperative caudal cranial nerve dysfunction was observed in 2 patients. Conclusion: Hybrid strategy of STR and adjuvant SRS provides patients with large VS excellent tumor control and a good clinical outcome.
Maternal Plasma Nerve Growth Factor at the 11+0-13+6 Weeks' Scan as a Potential Angiogenic Marker of Preeclampsia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sepúlveda-Martínez Alvaro , Garrido Maritza , Caamano Egardo , Vega Margarita , Romero Carmen , Parra-Cordero Mauro
Published: August 2016

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the role of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the first-trimester screening for preeclampsia (PE). Methods: Uterine artery Doppler (UtAD) was determined transvaginally. Maternal concentrations of NGF were assessed in 42 patients who subsequently developed PE and in 95 controls. Quantile and multivariate regression analyses were performed for the NGF and UtAD adjustment and expressed as the multiple of the median (MoM) of the unaffected group. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the best model for the prediction of PE. Results: The maternal plasma concentration of NGF exhibited a trend towards lower values in patients who subsequently developed early-onset PE (e-PE) compared to controls (10.7 vs. 38.2 pg/ml, respectively; p = not significant). The median MoM NGF in the all-PE, e-PE and control groups was 0.97 (95% CI 0.13-3.36), 0.62 (95% CI 0.16-2.19) and 1.00 (95% CI 0.20-2.94), respectively (p = not significant). The best predictors of PE were previous PE, chronic hypertension and UtAD. With a false-positive rate of 10%, the detection rates (DRs) of all-PE and e-PE were 38 and 50%, respectively. The addition of MoM NGF did not improve the DR of PE. Conclusion: First-trimester NGF tends to be lower in patients who subsequently develop e-PE.
Are Oxygen and Related Compounds the Mechanisms Underlying Acupoint Function? A Review of Acupoint Oxygen Specificity Studies
Authors: Shu Qing , Liang Fengxia , Chen Li , Liu Jianmin , Wu Song
Published: August 2016

Oxygen specificity of acupoints has been studied for nearly 30 years. Studies have considered oxygen partial pressure, nitric oxide, carbon dioxide, and other factors. The results of the experiments have shown that the content of oxygen and oxygen-related compounds is statistically significantly different between acupoint and non-acupoint tissues. Despite certain differences in the methods and results across studies, including some contradictory experimental data, most reports agree that metabolic activity, utilization of oxygen, and activity of oxygen-related compounds were higher in acupoint tissues than in non-acupoint tissues. The characteristics of an acupoint may be based on the anatomical structure of the surrounding tissue. Modern sensor needle technology has been widely applied in the study of acupoint oxygen specificity, providing scientific and objective evidence. However, the study of acupoint oxygen specificity has not been without controversy. In order to give practical significance to this research, study design, repeatability of experimental conditions, and homogeneity of subjects should be considered more precisely. Also, more attention should be paid to clinical relevance, i.e., by inclusion of clinical cases and observation of the de-qi effect and clinical responses in the future.
Die KINDEX-App - ein Instrument zur Erfassung und unmittelbaren Auswertung von psychosozialen Belastungen bei Schwangeren in der täglichen Praxis bei Gynäkologinnen, Hebammen und in Frauenkliniken
Authors: Ruf-Leuschner Martina , Brunnemann Nicole , Schauer Maggie , Pryss Rüdiger , Barnewitz Eva , Liebrecht Martin , Kratzer Wilfried , Reichert Manfred , Elbert Thomas
Published: August 2016

Hintergrund: Der Konstanzer Index (KINDEX) ist ein strukturiertes Interview, das entwickelt wurde, um bereits pränatal zuverlässig und umfassend Risiken für eine beeinträchtigte psychische Entwicklung des Kindes und der Mutter zu erfassen. Um eine unmittelbare automatisierte Auswertung zu ermöglichen, haben wir das Instrument in Form einer Tablet-gestützten Anwendung (KINDEX-App) weiterentwickelt, die die schwangere Frau eigenständig bedienen kann. Methoden: In dieser Studie kam die KINDEX-App in gynäkologischen Praxen und in Frauenkliniken bei insgesamt N = 956 schwangeren Frauen als Selbstbeurteilungsinstrument zum Einsatz. Zur Bestimmung der Validität des Instruments wurden Vergleiche der Prävalenzen der erhobenen psychosozialen Belastungen mit repräsentativen Studien vorgenommen und Cronbachs alpha wurde berechnet. Des Weiteren wurde die Akzeptanz des Instrumentes sowohl bei den schwangeren Frauen als auch bei Gynäkologinnen und Hebammen erhoben. Ergebnisse: Die Prävalenzzahlen aus unserer Erhebung entsprechen weitgehend anderen Befunden, die in vergleichbaren Kollektiven erhoben wurden, wodurch die externe Validität der App angenommen werden kann. Die Anzahl fehlender Werte war äußerst gering (< 6%) und lässt den Schluss auf eine gute Akzeptanz zu. Die interne Konsistenz der App lag im akzeptablen Bereich (α = 0,68). Schlussfolgerungen: Die KINDEX-App ist ein praktikables und valides Screening-Instrument zur Erfassung psychosozialer Belastungsfaktoren bereits während der Schwangerschaft und bildet damit eine gute Basis für die Prävention und frühe Intervention, sodass eine gelingende Mutter-Kind-Bindung und eine gesunde kindliche Entwicklung gefördert werden können.
The Effect of the Exon-3-Deleted Growth Hormone Receptor on Pegvisomant-Treated Acromegaly: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Franck Sanne E. , Broer Linda , van der Lely Aart Jan , Kamenicky Peter , Bernabéu Ignacio , Malchiodi Elena , Delhanty Patric J.D. , Rivadeneira Fernando , Neggers Sebastian J.C.M.M.
Published: August 2016

Background: The common exon 3 deletion polymorphism of the growth hormone receptor (d3-GHR) is associated with disease severity in acromegaly patients. The GHR antagonist pegvisomant (PEGV) is highly effective in treating severe acromegaly. Response to PEGV treatment seems to be influenced by d3-GHR and appears to be more responsive to PEGV, although available results remain conflicting. Objective: To assess the influence of d3-GHR on the responsiveness of acromegaly patients to PEGV by compiling the evidence derived from the largest available studies. Design: A systematic review of the literature identified three published studies and one conference abstract. Acromegaly patients (n = 324, 49.7% d3-GHR carriers) were treated with either PEGV monotherapy or PEGV combined with long-acting somatostatin analogues and/or cabergoline. A meta-analysis of raw data from these studies was performed. Results: No significant effect of the d3-GHR was observed while bringing insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels below the upper limit of normal with PEGV, which was defined as the lowest IGF-I level during PEGV treatment (mean difference: -2.3%; 95% CI: -6.5 to 1.8, p = 0.270). The PEGV dose required to achieve the lowest IGF-I levels was also not significantly influenced by individuals carrying d3-GHR (mean difference: 4.1 mg weekly; 95% CI: -5.1 to 13.2, p = 0.385). For both outcomes, separate analysis of PEGV monotherapy and combination treatment gave similar results. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the d3-GHR polymorphism has no effect on biochemical disease control in acromegaly, as it is not of added value for either the prediction of PEGV responsiveness or the determination of the required PEGV dose.
“O livro como uma força na História”: a bibliografia como fonte de informação e método de pesquisa
Authors: Nogueira Wesley Augusto
Published: August 2016

A História do Livro e a Ciência da Informação compartilham a característica de serem campos do conhecimento cuja epistemologia é composta pela interdisciplinaridade. A partir desta constatação, propõe-se a contribuição de mais um campo na miríade de disciplinas que as formam: a bibliografia, como fonte de informação e como método de pesquisa para ambas as áreas.
Cardiovascular Health Promotion in Children: Challenges and Opportunities for 2020 and Beyond: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Steinberger Julia , Daniels Stephen R. , Hagberg Nancy , Isasi Carmen R. , Kelly Aaron S. , Lloyd-Jones Donald , Pate Russell R. , Pratt Charlotte , Shay Christina M. , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Urbina Elaine , Van Horn Linda V. , Zachariah Justin P.
Published: August 2016

This document provides a pediatric-focused companion to “Defining and Setting National Goals for Cardiovascular Health Promotion and Disease Reduction: The American Heart Association’s Strategic Impact Goal Through 2020 and Beyond,” focused on cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction in adults and children. The principles detailed in the document reflect the American Heart Association’s new dynamic and proactive goal to promote cardiovascular health throughout the life course. The primary focus is on adult cardiovascular health and disease prevention, but critical to achievement of this goal is maintenance of ideal cardiovascular health from birth through childhood to young adulthood and beyond. Emphasis is placed on the fundamental principles and metrics that define cardiovascular health in children for the clinical or research setting, and a balanced and critical appraisal of the strengths and weaknesses of the cardiovascular health construct in children and adolescents is provided. Specifically, this document discusses 2 important factors: the promotion of ideal cardiovascular health in all children and the improvement of cardiovascular health metric scores in children currently classified as having poor or intermediate cardiovascular health. Other topics include the current status of cardiovascular health in US children, opportunities for the refinement of health metrics, improvement of health metric scores, and possibilities for promoting ideal cardiovascular health. Importantly, concerns about the suitability of using single thresholds to identify elevated cardiovascular risk throughout the childhood years and the limits of our current knowledge are noted, and suggestions for future directions and research are provided.
Association of Weight and Body Composition on Cardiac Structure and Function in the ARIC Study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities)
Authors: Bello Natalie A. , Cheng Susan , Claggett Brian , Shah Amil M. , Ndumele Chiadi E. , Roca Gabriela Querejeta , Santos Angela B.S. , Gupta Deepak , Vardeny Orly , Aguilar David , Folsom Aaron R. , Butler Kenneth R. , Kitzman Dalane W. , Coresh Josef , Solomon Scott D.
Published: August 2016

Background—

Obesity increases cardiovascular risk. However, the extent to which various measures of body composition are associated with abnormalities in cardiac structure and function, independent of comorbidities commonly affecting obese individuals, is not clear. This study sought to examine the relationship between body mass index, waist circumference, and percent body fat with conventional and advanced measures of cardiac structure and function.

Methods and Results—

We studied 4343 participants of the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) who were aged 69 to 82 years, free of coronary heart disease and heart failure, and underwent comprehensive echocardiography. Increasing body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat were associated with greater left ventricular (LV) mass and left atrial volume indexed to height
2.7
in both men and women (
P
<0.001). In women, all 3 measures were associated with abnormal LV geometry, and increasing waist circumference and body fat were associated with worse global longitudinal strain, a measure of LV systolic function. In both sexes, increasing body mass index was associated with greater right ventricular end-diastolic area and worse right ventricular fractional area change (
P
≤0.001). We observed similar associations for both waist circumference and percent body fat.

Conclusions—

In a large, biracial cohort of older adults free of clinically overt coronary heart disease or heart failure, obesity was associated with subclinical abnormalities in cardiac structure in both men and women and with adverse LV remodeling and impaired LV systolic function in women. These data highlight the association of obesity and subclinical abnormalities of cardiac structure and function, particularly in women.
Sex Differences in Nonculprit Coronary Plaque Microstructures on Frequency-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Acute Coronary Syndromes and Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Kataoka Yu , Puri Rishi , Hammadah Muhammad , Duggal Bhanu , Uno Kiyoko , Kapadia Samir R. , Tuzcu E. Murat , Nissen Steven E. , King Peta , Nicholls Stephen J.
Published: August 2016

Background—

Numerous reports suggest sex-related differences in atherosclerosis. Frequency-domain optical coherence tomography has enabled visualization of plaque microstructures associated with disease instability. The prevalence of plaque microstructures between sexes has not been characterized. We investigated sex differences in plaque features in patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods and Results—

Nonculprit plaques on frequency-domain optical coherence tomography imaging were compared between men and women with either stable coronary artery disease (n=320) or acute coronary syndromes (n=115). A greater prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors was observed in women. Nonculprit plaques in women with stable coronary artery disease were more likely to exhibit plaque erosion (8.6% versus 0.3%;
P
=0.03) and a smaller lipid arc (163.1±71.4° versus 211.2±71.2°;
P
=0.03), and less likely to harbor cholesterol crystals (17.2% versus 27.5%;
P
=0.01) and calcification (15.4% versus 34.4%;
P
=0.008), whereas fibrous cap thickness (105.2±62.1 versus 96.1±40.4 µm;
P
=0.57), the prevalence of thin-cap fibroatheroma (26.5% versus 25.2%;
P
=0.85), and microchannels (19.2% versus 20.5%;
P
=0.95) were comparable. In women with acute coronary syndrome, a smaller lipid arc (171.6±53.2° versus 235.8±86.4°;
P
=0.03), a higher frequency of plaque erosion (11.4% versus 0.6%;
P
=0.04), and a lower prevalence of cholesterol crystal (28.6% versus 38.2%;
P
=0.03) and calcification (10.0% versus 23.7%;
P
=0.01) were observed. These differences persisted after adjusting clinical demographics. Although thin-cap fibroatheromas in men clustered within proximal arterial segments, thin-cap fibroatheromas were evenly distributed in women.

Conclusions—

Despite more comorbid risk factors in women, their nonculprit plaques exhibited more plaque erosion, and less cholesterol and calcium content. This distinct phenotype suggests sex-related differences in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
Routine Endovascular Treatment With a Stent Graft for Access-Site and Access-Related Vascular Injury in Transfemoral Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Sedaghat Alexander , Neumann Nils , Schahab Nadjib , Sinning Jan-Malte , Hammerstingl Christoph , Pingel Simon , Schaefer Christian , Mellert Fritz , Schiller Wolfgang , Welz Armin , Grube Eberhard , Nickenig Georg , Werner Nikos
Published: August 2016

Background—

Access-site and access-related vascular injury (ASARVI) is still a major limiting factor in transcatheter aortic valve implantation and affects the outcome of patients. Management strategies for ASARVI include manual compression, stent grafts, and vascular surgery. We hypothesized that the standard use of a self-expanding stent graft for the management of ASARVI is feasible and safe.

Methods and Results—

Of 407 patients treated by transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation, 110 experienced ASARVI (27.0%). Of these, 96 (87.3%) were managed by the implantation of a self-expanding nitinol stent graft. In the majority of patients, minor vascular complications triggered the implantation of a stent graft (86.5%), mainly because of bleeding (90.6%) and dissection (5.2%) of the common femoral artery with high rates of primary treatment success (97.9%). Patients receiving stent grafts were more often female (62.2 versus 45.6%,
P
<0.01), had higher body mass indices (27.8±6.7 versus 25.7±4.7,
P
=0.01), and suffered more often from diabetes mellitus (34.4 versus 24.5%,
P
=0.04). Angiographic assessment after a median follow-up of 345 days (interquartile range, 23–745 days) revealed only one patient with moderate, asymptomatic instent-stenosis (1.0%). Compared with a propensity score–matched cohort of patients without ASARVI, stented patients had comparable long-term mortality, despite the occurrence of a vascular complication (1-year mortality: 17.7% versus 26.6%; stent versus matched cohort, respectively;
P
=0.1).

Conclusions—

Routine use of a self-expanding nitinol stent graft in selected patients experiencing ASARVI after transcatheter aortic valve implantation is feasible, safe, and associated with favorable short- and midterm clinical outcome.
Two new endemic species of Epictia Gray, 1845 (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae) from Northern Peru
Authors: KOCH CLAUDIA , CRUZ ROY SANTA , CÁRDENAS HEIDY
Published: August 2016

Herein, we describe two new thread snake species of the genus Epictia from elevations higher than 2000 meters above sea level in the Andes of the Cajamarca Region in Northern Peru. Both species share 10 midtail scale rows, a broad contact between the anterior supralabial and the supraocular scales in most of the specimens, and a yellow spot on the snout and the terminal part of the tail. Epictia venegasi sp. nov. is described on the basis of nine specimens and can further be differentiated from its congeners by having 211–221 mid-dorsal scale rows and a color pattern where each body scale is black on the anterior half and yellow on the posterior half. The description of Epictia vonmayi sp. nov. is based on two specimens which can further be differentiated from their congeners by having 196–205 mid-dorsal scale rows and 14 distinct black longitudinal stripes around the body, which run through the center of each scale and are separated by bright yellow interspaces; accordingly the tail exhibits 10 black longitudinal stripes which likewise run through the center of each scale.
Two new butterfly species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) from Mount Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Highlands, Cameroon
Authors: SÁFIÁN SZABOLCS , TROPEK ROBERT
Published: August 2016

A field survey of Mount Cameroon, South-West Province, Cameroon, revealed two butterfly species new to science. Lepidochrysops liberti sp. nov. (Lycaenidae) flies in the extensive mosaic of natural clearings in sub-montane forest above 1100 m a.s.l., whereas Ceratrichia fako sp. nov. (Hesperiidae) locally inhabits the forested narrow gullies in the same vegetation zone. Observations on the habitat and behaviour of both species are also presented.
A new species of the genus Leptobrachium (Anura: Megophryidae) from the Gaoligongshan Mountain Range, China
Authors: YANG JIAN-HUAN , WANG YING-YONG , CHAN BOSCO PUI-LOK
Published: August 2016

We describe a new species of the genus Leptobrachium from the Gaoligongshan Mountain Range, Yunnan Province of China based on molecular and morphological evidences. The new species, Leptobrachium tengchongense sp. nov., can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: (1) relatively small size (adult males SVL 41.7–51.5 mm); (2) head width slightly larger than head length; (3) tympanum indistinct; (4) two palmar tubercles oval and distinct, inner one larger than outer one; (5) sexually active males without spines on the upper lip; (6) dorsal skin smooth with distinct network of ridges; (7) dorsum pinkish grey and scattered with irregular black markings; (8) venter dark purplish-gray with numerous small white spots on tubercles, solid white chest; (9) iris bicolored, upper one-third light blue, lower two-third dark brown. With the description of the new species, the number of Leptobrachium species currently known from China adds up to ten.
Two new species of the genus Habrobathynella Schminke, 1973 (Syncarida, Parabathynellidae) from the southwestern peninsular India
Authors: ELIA BANDARI , SHAIK SHABUDDIN , REDDY YENUMULA RANGA
Published: August 2016

The genus Habrobathynella Schminke, 1973, comprises 14 species: two from Madagascar and 12 from the peninsular India. Two more new hyporheic species of this genus, viz. H. muvattupuzha n. sp. and H. adishankara n. sp., from the southwestern peninsular India, are described and illustrated, and their position in the genus is discussed. Both new species are more closely related to each other than to their hitherto known congeners. H. muvattupuzha n. sp. has a unique combination of characters: male Th VIII small in size, with protopod distinctly expanded latero-externally, and basipod balloon-shaped; uropodal sympod with inhomonomous row of five spines, with penultimate spine longer and thicker than others, and ultimate spine same as proximal spines; paragnaths with minaret-like smooth coupler and short lateral lobes; fifth antennular segment with only two long aesthetascs; and first maxillary segment with two setae. H. adishankara n. sp. is distinct from its congeners in having a unique set of characters: uropodal sympod with inhomonomous row of six spines, with penultimate and ultimate spines as in the preceding species; paragnaths with thumb-like, smooth coupler and small lateral lobes; first antennary segment nearly as long as the second one; fifth antennular segment with three long aesthetascs; and first maxillary segment with one seta. The principal morphological characters and their states among the Habrobathynella species, with special reference to the new species, are briefly discussed. Also, brief notes on the ecology and biogeography are given, as is an updated key to Habrobathynella species.
Notes on the Rhyacophila angulata Species Group with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Trichoptera, Rhyacophilidae)
Authors: SUN CHANGHAI
Published: August 2016

Two new species of the Rhyacophila angulata Species Group are diagnosed, described and illustrated. Rhyacophila asymmetra n. sp. from Guang-dong Province can be separated from other members of the group by asymmetrical parameres and by the apicodorsal lobe abruptly narrowed in the apical one-third. Rhyacophila dentalis n. sp. from Guang-xi resembles R. longistyla in male genitalia, but can be diagnosed by the sinuate anterior margin of segment IX, by the absence of apicolateral teeth on the apicodorsal lobe of segment IX, and by the presence of a blunt tooth on the upper margin of the basal segment of each inferior appendage. New collection data are added for R. longistyla, extending its distribution southward to Guang-dong and Guang-xi Provinces. Rhyacophila tetraphylla has been transferred from the R. naviculata Species Group to the R. angulata Group with new collection data. A checklist of the species group is provided, and its distribution is discussed.
Effects of debonding length on the fatigue and vibration behaviour of sandwich composite
Authors: Idriss Moustapha , El Mahi Abderrahim
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of debonding length on the fatigue and vibration behaviour of sandwich material. The sandwich material used in this study is constructed with glass fibre laminates as skins and with PVC closed-cell foams as core. The tests were conducted using impulse frequency response technique and cyclic fatigue loading in three-point bending with various debonding lengths. The vibration test was used to study the effects of debonding length on modal parameters (frequency, loss factor). The effects of debonding lengths on the stiffness, hysteresis loops and damping were studied during fatigue tests. The different relative change in frequency, loss factor and maximum load is determined. These parameters are compared for vibration and fatigue tests.
Res ipsa loquitor: No sui generis application to aesthetic surgery
Authors: de Costa Alex , Lutterodt Chris
Published: August 2016

The doctrine of res ipsa loquitor can allow a plaintiff to raise an inference of negligence which a defendant is then compelled to refute. However, the doctrine has rarely been applied in clinical negligence contexts because courts have been reluctant to require doctors to refute an inference of responsibility for pathophysiological outcomes. But does that imperative apply equally to aesthetic surgery? A recent case shows that it does.
The Efficiency of Sensory Integration Interventions in Preterm Infants
Authors: Pekçetin Serkan , Akı Esra , Üstünyurt Zeynep , Kayıhan Hülya
Published: August 2016

This study aimed to explore the effects of individualized sensory integration interventions on the sensory processing functions of preterm infants. Thirty-four preterm infants (intervention group) at a corrected age of seven months and 34 term infants (control group) were included. The preterm infants underwent an eight-week sensory integration intervention. Before and after the intervention, the preterm infants’ sensory processing functions were evaluated using the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants and compared with those of term infants. Preterm infants had significantly poorer sensory processing function preintervention when compared with term infants. There was a significant improvement in preterm infants’ sensory processing functions after the sensory integration intervention. In conclusion, preterm infants should be evaluated for sensory processing disorders and individualized sensory integration interventions should be implemented.
Relation Between Lack of Forgiveness and Depression
Authors: Chung Myung-Sun
Published: August 2016

Although an association between lack of forgiveness and poor mental health is known, prior studies have reported mixed findings of the relationship between lack of forgiveness and depressive symptoms. In an attempt to explain the strength differences between lack of forgiveness and depressive symptoms, this study examined the moderating effect of self-compassion. A total of 311 Korean teachers (89 men, 222 women; M age = 39.3 year, SD = 9.1) were asked to complete self-report questionnaires, including the Korean versions of the Trait Forgivingness Scale, the Self-Compassion Scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Moderated multiple regression was used for analysis, and a buffering interaction of self-compassion was discovered. Specifically, self-compassion moderated the relationship between lack of forgiveness and depression; the relationship was stronger for those low on self-compassion.
Five-Year Quality of Life Trajectories for Persons With Disabilities
Authors: Kim Won Ho , Lee Juyoung , Bezyak Jill
Published: August 2016

The current study identified the longitudinal quality of life (QOL) trajectories of individuals with disabilities as well as the predictors of those trajectories. It examined a secondary data set, the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED), conducted by the Korea Employment Agency for the Disabled (KEAD). Data were gathered over 5 years from individuals with disabilities and analyzed using growth mixture modeling to identify the best QOL trajectory model. Covariates, physical dependence, experience of discrimination, emotional stability, self-esteem, religion, and degenerative type of disability were explored as trajectory predictors. Analysis revealed four latent classes: a high and stable QOL class, a high and varied QOL class, a low and stable QOL class, and a low and varied QOL class. Analysis of predictors indicated degenerative type of disability, physical dependence, discrimination, emotional stability, and self-esteem differentiated the high and stable QOL group from other groups. Significance, limitations, and implications for future practice and research are also discussed.
Energy absorption of three-dimensional braided composites under impact punch shear loading
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Gu Bohong , Sun Baozhong
Published: August 2016

Energy absorptions of a three-dimensional braided composite panel under impact punch shear loading were investigated in testing and numerical calculation. The impact punch shear behaviors were tested on a split Hopkinson pressure bar system. A finite element model was established to numerically characterize the shear behaviors. From both the approaches, we found that the energy absorption is sensitive to strain rate, braided angle and thickness. Based on the numerical calculation and scanning electronic microscopy observation, the energy absorption mechanisms are fiber breakage and pullout, resin debris and panel deformation.
Microscopic study of the surface morphology of CO2 laser-treated cotton and cotton/polyester blended fabric
Authors: Hung On-na , Chan Chee-kooi , Kan Chi-wai , Yuen Chun-wah Marcus
Published: August 2016

This paper presents how the morphology of fibers is affected by CO2 laser treatment. The change in morphology of fibers induced by a laser affects the physical and mechanical properties of the fabric, such as water absorption, dye uptake, resistance to wrinkles and adhesion to other materials, etc. The morphology of laser-treated fibers was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Samples of cotton twill fabric, cotton/polyester blended twill fabric and cotton knitted fabrics with different yarn counts were studied before and after laser treatment. SEM images reveal different sizes of pores and cracks on the surface of cotton fibers. In the case of cotton/polyester blended twill fabric, the two types of fibers responded differently to laser treatment; the change in cotton fibers was slightly different from the SEM images of 100% cotton twill fabric. The number of pores and cracks on the fiber surface of cotton/polyester fabric was lower than that found in 100% cotton twill fabric. Polyester fibers melt and flow while cotton fibers are encased in resolidified polyester. For 100% cotton knitted fabrics, the thickest yarn with the lowest yarn twist exhibited the largest change when compared with fabrics knitted with lower yarn counts. The degree of change of fiber surface modification was enhanced with an increase of laser processing variables.
Evaluating turnout composite layering strategies for reducing thermal burden in structural firefighter protective clothing systems
Authors: McQuerry Meredith , DenHartog Emiel , Barker Roger
Published: August 2016

A modular approach for arranging the component layers used in the construction of structural firefighter turnout garments is explored as a strategy for reducing the thermal burden contributed by these protective garments to firefighter heat stress. An instrumented sweating manikin was used to measure the insulation, evaporative resistance and total heat loss through turnout systems configured to represent different layering strategies. The outer shell, moisture barrier and thermal liner layers of the structural turnout base composite were tested individually to determine each layer's thermal insulation and evaporative resistance. Multiple two- and three-layer combinations were analyzed for their application in specific working conditions. This study demonstrates that the moisture barrier layer contributes the most resistance to evaporative heat loss through the turnout system, while dry heat loss is most restricted by the thermal liner component. Removal of a single inner liner layer was equally beneficial for heat loss, regardless of material properties. It shows the potential benefit of turnout design strategy that utilizes a modular or adaptive layering approach to reduce turnout-related heat strain in conditions consistent with fire protection.
Three-dimensional modeling and simulation of deformation behavior of fancy weft knitted stitch fabric
Authors: Sha Sha , Ma Pibo , Chapman Lisa Parrillo , Jiang Gaoming , Zhang Aijun
Published: August 2016

In order to obtain deformation behavior and volumetric characteristic of fancy weft knitted fabric, loop models are built on improved particle systems in this article. The problem of the non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) curves, which cannot pass through all control points, is solved by using an interpolation algorithm which can generate new auxiliary points. To simulate the twist of folded yarns, the NURBS curves are regarded as the geometric center, which is rotated with cylinders whose three relative Euler angles are calculated by the spatial coordinates of adjacent points. By analyzing the relationship between the deformation of the loop and the displacement of the particles, the deformation behavior of fancy weft knitted stitches is simulated. Velocity-Verlet, a numerical integration, is introduced to simulate fancy weft knitted stitches, and stable results are obtained. The results show that these models and algorithm accurately display the deformation behavior of fancy weft knitted stitches, as demonstrated by qualitative comparisons to measure the deformations of actual samples, and the simulator can scale up to animations with complex dynamic motion.
Meso-structure and processing of three-dimensional braided material based on space group P4 symmetry
Authors: Ma Wensuo , Ma Zhenyu , Zhu Jianxun
Published: August 2016

A novel three-dimensional (3D) braided material was obtained using group theory. The 3D braided structural unit was found by means of group elements in the point group 4. Based on the symmetry of space group P4, a novel 3D braided material geometry was deduced by transforming the unit. Analyzing the conceivable motion of the yarns, it was found that the geometric structure corresponding to a novel 3D braided material was feasible. The mathematic model for describing the geometry of this novel material was established. The fiber volume fraction of the material was predicted and its value is similar to the traditional four-step 3D braided material. A first prototype of the fabric is produced using manual production.
An improved model to analyze radiative heat transfer in flame-resistant fabrics exposed to low-level radiation
Authors: Su Yun , He Jiazhen , Li Jun
Published: August 2016

An improved heat transfer model, based on the two-flux model, in a multilayer flame-resistant fabric system with an air gap was proposed. The developed model considered the thermal radiation by absorbing, transmitting, emitting and reflecting in porous fabrics. The predicted results of the new model were compared with the previous Beer’s law model and the experimental results, and were found to be in good agreement with the experimental ones. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of radiant heat transfer in the multilayer fabric system and the effects of the optical properties of flame-resistant fabric on heat transfer in the fabric system. The numerical results demonstrated that the self-emission in multilayer fabric system increases not only the rate of thermal energy transferred to human skin during thermal exposure, but also the rate of thermal energy transmitting to the ambience during cooling. The fabric’s optical properties have a complex influence on the transmitted and stored energy in multilayer protective clothing. The finding obtained in this study can provide references for the improvement of the thermal protective performance of flame-resistant fabrics.
Dyeing processes of 100% bio-based and degradable polylactide/poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) textiles
Authors: Zhang ZH , Xu ZQ , Huang XX , Tao XM
Published: August 2016

This paper reports an investigation of dyeing processes of textiles made from a novel 100% bio-based and fully degradable polylactide/poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PLA/PHBV) fiber. The dye exhaustion, depth of shade and fastness, as well as bursting strength of dyed PLA/PHBV fabrics have been evaluated in terms of types and concentration of dyestuff, dyeing bath temperature, duration, liquor ratio and pH value. Finally, the energy cost of the whole dyeing process of the proposed material is calculated and compared with that of polyethylene terephthalate. The experimental results show that an excellent dyeing effect and bursting strength can be achieved by properly applied dyes (e.g. C.I. Disperse Orange 30, Red 74, and Blue 79) under optimal low-dyeing-temperature conditions (100℃, 10 min, pH 5, LR 30:1). In addition, considering the low energy cost during the whole process, PLA/PHBV fibers can be regarded as a promising and environment-friendly material for the textile industry.
Age of Alcohol Initiation Matters: Examining Gender Differences in the Recency and Frequency of Alcohol Use Across Adolescence Using a Sample of Impoverished Minority Adolescents
Authors: Tomek Sara , Bolland Kathleen A. , Bolland John M. , Hooper Lisa M. , Church Wesley T. , Bolland Anneliese C.
Published: August 2016

While previous research has shown alcohol use to increase developmentally throughout adolescence, the age of alcohol initiation has rarely been incorporated into developmental trajectories. Simultaneous estimation of the effects of early alcohol initiation was made in relation to the recency and frequency of alcohol use utilizing a sample of 1,209 low-income, minority adolescents initiating alcohol between 12 and 18. Significant effects of both age of alcohol initiation and gender were found. Initial alcohol use was higher the later the adolescent initiated alcohol use. Following initiation, trajectories of the recency and frequency of alcohol use for female adolescents increased more rapidly the earlier they initiate alcohol use, while trajectories for male adolescents increased independent of their year of initiation. Modeling age of initiation using piecewise growth models provided more informative results regarding early alcohol initiation effects as compared to traditional longitudinal model.
Using the Power Balance Wristband to Improve Students’ Research-Design Skills
Authors: Lawson Timothy J. , Blackhart Ginette C. , Gialopsos Brooke M.
Published: August 2016

We describe an exercise involving the power balance wristband (PBW) designed to enhance students’ ability to design scientific tests. An instructor demonstrated that the PBW improved a student’s balance, strength, and flexibility and invited students to design and conduct a brief scientific test of the PBW. Research methods students who participated in the exercise significantly improved their ability to design scientific tests of the PBW and another pseudoscientific practice (i.e., Healing Touch); students enrolled in the control sections of the course showed no improvement. Incorporating this single-class exercise into research methods courses has the potential to not only improve students’ critical thinking about pseudoscience but also improve their research-design skills.
Dual Outcomes of Psychology Assignments
Authors: Pines Harvey A. , Larkin Judith E. , Murray Molly P.
Published: August 2016

Two studies explored properties of psychology assignments from an atypical perspective: students’ own perceptions of what they learned and their emotional reactions to the assignments, specifically feelings of pride in their work. Study 1 showed that assignments vary in their likelihood of generating prideful accomplishment and identified three assignment properties related to this outcome: students’ expended effort, self-relevance to the student, and instructor recognition. Study 2 examined whether assignments that produced pride were also perceived by students as contributing to their learning. Although time and effort associated with pride was positively correlated with course academic performance, most assignments produced either enhanced perceived learning or a feeling of prideful accomplishment, but not both. Internal analysis of the data suggested that different types of assignments are necessary to achieve these dual outcomes.
An Operationalized Understanding of Personalized Learning
Authors: Basham James D. , Hall Tracey E. , Carter Richard A. , Stahl William M.
Published: August 2016

As referenced in the Every Student Succeeds Act and the National Educational Technology Plan, personalized learning is the new focus in many K–12 learning environments. Nonetheless, few people understand what personalized learning really means and even fewer can design and implement a personalized learning environment appropriate for all learners, especially learners with disabilities. This 18-month descriptive research study focused on identifying the design characteristics of personalized learning environments and the initial results of these environments. Findings indicate that personalized learning environments require more than technology, that the technology itself is simply a tool to support implementation. These personalized learning environments were highly learner self-regulated, had transparent and actionable near-real-time data, provided various structures for student voice and feedback, and integrated purposeful supports for embedding the principles of Universal Design for Learning at the cornerstone of practice. Personalized learning requires a shift in instructional practice on behalf of both the teacher and the learners. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.
Microthymoma in elderly-onset myasthenia gravis detected preoperatively
Authors: Hino Haruaki , Nishimura Takashi , Seki Atsuko , Nitadori Jun-ichi , Arai Tomio , Nakajima Jun
Published: August 2016

A 77-year-old woman with a 3-month history of muscle weakness was diagnosed with elderly-onset generalized myasthenia gravis (Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America classification IIa) based on a high serum acetylcholine receptor antibody level (25.4 nmol·L−1) and neurological findings. Computed tomography detected a small nodule (diameter 15 mm) in the anterior mediastinum, which was suspected to be a thymoma. An extended thymectomy was performed. The pathological examination revealed a 6-mm-diameter thymoma, termed a microthymoma, accompanied with a unilocular thymic cyst without capsule formation (type B2 according to the World Health Organization classification). Some fat tissue was also found within the tumor.