bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Spiritual Competence Training on the Psychological Well-being of Preschool Teachers
Authors: Miri Masomeh , Dastjerdi Reza , Asadi Younesi Mohammad Reza , Pakdaman Majid
Published: March 2023

Background: Spiritual competence means understanding the difference between spirituality and religion; and between spirituality, religion, and culture.
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of spiritual competence training on the psychological well-being of preschool teachers.
Methods: This is a quantitative, semi-experimental, pre-test-post-test study with a control group. The statistical population included all preschool teachers in Birjand city in the academic year 2019 - 2020. Using the purposeful sampling method and following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 participants were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the educational package of spiritual competence in 12 sessions, and the control group did not receive any intervention. In order to analyze the data, the analysis of variance test was used with repeated measures after observing the statistical assumption.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 37.38 ± 7.39 years. All of the participants were female (100%). The results of the present study showed that the educational package of spiritual competence was effective for the psychological well-being of preschool teachers. The results of the test of simple effects between groups in three stages of measurement showed that there is no significant difference between the two experimental and control groups in the pre-test. Post-test and follow-up, there is a significant difference between the two experimental and control groups, and the average of the experimental group is higher in the two stages of post-test and follow-up.
Conclusions: According to the findings, it can be said that the educational package of spiritual competence evaluated in the present study can help in increasing the mental health and psychological well-being of preschool teachers.
Evaluation of Sexual Dysfunction and Related Factors in Iranian Men with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mirdehghan Morteza , Injinari Nastaran , Vakili Mahmoud , Namiranian Nasim
Published: March 2023

Objective: Recently, the association between sexual dysfunction (SD) and diabetes has been proven in various studies. The study aimed to determine the frequency of SD and identify risk factors related to SD in men with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 114 men with T2DM who had referred to the Yazd Diabetes Center from 2019-2020. All of them filled out a standard questionnaire with a specified validity and reliability. The analysis was performed using ANOVA and Chi-square by SPSS, version 22 software.
Results: The mean age of participants was 52.48 (±5.33). The SD frequency was 73.7%. The mean SD score was 17.89 (±12). There was a significant relationship between the total SD and neuropathy (P: 0.0001), retinopathy (P: 0.0001), nephropathy (P: 0.023), type of treatment (P: 0.0001), age (P: 0.0001) and addiction (P: 0.031). There was no significant relationship between the total SD score and hyperlipidemia (P: 0.371), hypertension (P: 0.683), Hb1Ac (P: 0.816), duration of diabetes (P: 0.101) and smoking (P: 0.29).
 Conclusion: Due to the high frequency of sexual dysfunction in men with T2DM, it is recommended that SD be considered as an important complication in these patients so that by identifying indicators related to this complication in patients with diabetes, sexual health clinics take the necessary measures to solve sexual problems in these patients.
The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Apoptotic-Related Genes in Skeletal Muscle and Serumic TNF-Alpha of Diabetic Rats
Authors: Khaledi Neda , Soleimani Dehnavi Shahrzad , Abbasi Shaghayegh
Published: March 2023

Objective: Diabetes is characterized by a comprehensive increase in apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation in skeletal muscle. Impaired mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle leads to an increase in Cytochrome C and Caspase-9, and muscle performance is reduced consequently. Exercise training through decreasing inflammatory factors and increasing anti-inflammatory elements prevents apoptosis pathways.
Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats (150±10 g, 8 weeks age) were assigned to 4 groups: control (C), diabetes (D), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and diabetes high-intensity interval training (DHIIT). Diabetes was induced with intraperitoneal injections of Streptozotocin (STZ) and blood sugar higher than 250 was considered diabetic. The effects of six weeks of HIIT on soleus muscles, Cytochrome C, and Caspase-9 gene expression, as well as evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α ) in serum were evaluated using Real-Time PCR and ELISA techniques respectively.
Results: In comparison with C group Diabetes has significantly increased the Cytochrome C (P= 0.001) and caspase-9 (P= 0.003). However, HIIT training in diabetic rats significantly decreased the Cytochrome C (P= 0.001) and caspase-9 (P= 0.008) in comparison of D group. Also, TNFα (P= 0.01) increased in the D group in comparison with C and DHIIT group (P= 0.001). In comparison between DHIIT groups in HIIT groups, has a significant increase in time to exhaustion post test than pretest (P= 0.001).
Conclusion: It seems that HIIT training decreases intrinsic factors of the apoptosis pathway by decreasing inflammatory factors which leads to significant improvement in skeletal muscle function and overall health in diabetic rats.
Structure and Antibacterial activity of Chitosan from the American Cock-roach, the German Cockroach and the Mealworm Beetle
Authors: Cheraghi Ebrahim , Kababian Majid , Moradi-Asl Eslam , Mousavi Bafrouyi Seyed Mahdi , Saghafipour Abedin
Published: March 2023

Background: Owing to chitosan properties such as biocompatibility and antimicrobial activities, and several applica­tions in biomedical field, some physicochemical and anti-bacterial properties, and the level of chitosan from three spe­cies of American cockroach, Periplaneta americana (Dictyoptera: Blattidae), the German cockroach, Blattella germani­ca (Dictyoptera: Ectobiidae) and the Mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) were investigat­ed.
Methods: The cuticle of adults derived from specimens was dried and grounded. The powders were demineralized as well as deproteinized after deacetylation via NaOH. At last, the chitosan yields from insects were studied for anti-bacterial activity on Gram-positive bacteria (Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and Gram-negative bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus epidermidis). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the chitosan composition.
Results: The chitosan ratios of the American and German cockroaches and the mealworm beetle were 5.80, 2.95, and 1.70% per 3 g of the dried bodies respectively. The chitin DD’s for the American cockroach, the German cockroach and the mealworm beetle were 36.8%, 31.5% and 27.3%, respectively. The bactericidal activity of chitosan obtained from the American cockroach at a concentration of 1% had the greatest effect on P. mirabilis compared to other concentra­tions, while chitosan obtained from the German cockroach at a concentration of 0.01% had the greatest effect on K. pneumoniae compared to other concentrations.
Conclusion: According to the results, the anti-bacterial influence of the chitosan is based upon the insect species and chitosan concentration. Probably, the variation relates to the changes in the chitin structure among the three insect spe­cies.
The Effect of the Provisions of the Marriage Contract in Achieving the Purpose of Justice According to the Qur'anic Perspective
Authors: Ahmed Al-Taei Mohamed Ali Hussein
Published: March 2023

It has not been said to the Messengers before you that your Lord is a wielder of forgiveness and painful punishment .(43) It has been detailed that in order for such a law to have the characteristics of its sources, it must be characterized by the attributes of perfection and precision in its provisions, so that it is based on achieving and complementing the interests of the people, as well as warding off and minimizing evil for them. Al-Baqarah: ,185 and one of the manifestations of His mercy, Glory be to Him, is that He made the goal of justice among the purposes that are realized by the provisions that characterize this noble Sharia. ``Indeed, God commands justice and kindness and giving to kin and forbids immorality, evil, and transgression against you''. An-Nahl: ,90 until life is straight and sweet, and this justice is sought by the reader and researcher in the details of the Sharia provisions, whether in worship or in contracts and transactions, and as a succession of divine proofs that this Sharia is valid for all times and places, and capable of refuting fabrications of falsehoods and spoiler suspicions. To give solutions to the biggest dilemmas and challenges facing humanity in its journey on this earth, so we can find this justice clearly in the provisions related to marriage, whose legitimacy is intended, as it makes the obligated person in a state of tranquility while he responds to the call of instinct, and satisfies his instinct with an outlet that God and his law made for them, which is marriage. And He forbade them fornication and incest, "And those who are to guard their private parts" .(29) Except against their spouses or what any of their oaths contain, they cannot be blamed .(30) So, whoever seeks after that, then those are the transgressors .(31) Al-Maarij: and through the provisions of marriage, we can establish a family of peace, affection, and mercy, and all of this comes through activating the purpose of justice, whose provisions emphasize the need for the family entity to be established on it. Between the spouses, the provisions of legal guardianship and discipline and polygamy for wives through a jurisprudential study based on the sources and references of the four schools of jurisprudence and intentional books, emphasizing their role in achieving and nurturing the goal of justice in a manner distinguished by refuting the suspicions of those who follow their desires and want to destroy this divine structure, which is one of the great signs in which He was grateful to his creation.
Keywords: impact, provisions, marriage contract, justicetrace, Provisions, The marriage contract, The marriage contract, Justice
The Impact of the Deconstructive Trend on the Deviations of Arab Modernists in Some Interpretations of the Holy Qur'an
Authors: Muhammed Abdullah Muhammed Hadi
Published: March 2023

This research on the impact of the deconstructive trend on the deviations of Arab modernists in some interpretations of the Holy Qur'an represents the latest findings of the minds of the European philosophers who are followed by these Arab modernists. The nature of the research necessitated that I divide it into a preface and two sections preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion, so I talked in the preface about the historical depth of the intellectual fertilization between the Arab nation and the West and its negative effects. In the first section, I talked about the deconstructive trend concept, while in the second section I dealt with procedural. Then I showed the deviation of their claims and the applications of this trend, which these modernists mentioned in the conclusion and results, with the references. My method of research was descriptive and analytical.
Keywords: deconstruction, modernists, interpretation, trend, deviations
Marriage Provisions Polygamy in the Three Divine Books
Authors: Abdul Majeed Wathiq Abdul Razzaq
Published: March 2023

There are provisions for marriage for each of the three religions, which we found through the revealed heavenly books. Marriage is considered an obligation in Judaism, except for some Jewish sects that forbid marriage. In Judaism, it is not permissible for a Jew to marry a non-Jew and vice versa. There is no dowry for women in Judaism, while the Lebanese Personal Status Law clearly states a dowry for Jewish women. The marriage contract in Judaism takes place in three steps, the request for the hand of the girl, the marriage contract, and the realization of the marriage. The Torah, through several texts, permitted polygamy and allowed a man to marry more than one. The origin of Christianity is the non-marriage and the call to monasticism. Although there are texts in the Bible that stipulate not to marry, there are churches that encourage marriage for procreation. The rulings on marriage differ from one church to another. In Orthodox Churches, marriage decisions are based on two steps, the engagement and the service of the wreath. The position of the Catholic Church on marriage is emerging from the decisions of the Second Vatican Council in .1965 Despite the presence of several churches that have opposed the second marriage, the Bible contains several texts that allow polygamy. Moreover, other churches consider second marriage to be a sacred divine law. The Islamic religion permitted marriage for every able-bodied man and made it revolve around three rulings: obligatory, desirable, and celibacy. Marriage in Islam is preceded by engagement and dowry, with three conditions for the completion of the marriage: consent, guardianship, and competence. Our true religion has permitted polygamy, and this is what we find clear through the texts of the Noble Qur'an. While allowing polygamy, Islamic law imposed certain conditions and justifications for that polygamy. Looking at the provisions of marriage in the three heavenly books, we found that the Torah allowed polygamy without specifying any number, and the Bible prohibited polygamy and then permitted it with only one, while the Holy Qur'an refined all of this and made it four as a maximum.
Keywords: marriage, the provisions of polygamy: Judaism, Christianity, Islam.
Methods of Education in the Noble Qur'an ``Dialogue as a Model''
Authors: Aoda Alkubaisi Mohamed Hussien , Aghnian Mohamed Ali
Published: March 2023

The research started from the fact that the Holy Qur'an represents a comprehensive approach to life, where it clarifies and explains the general concept of educational methods, which was adopted by the Book of God Almighty, and then proceeds to study the methods of dialogue in it, as it is one of the most important methods of dialogue. Explaining the interest of the Holy Qur'an in this method and showing its general features by explaining how the Qur'anic verses came in the form of dialogue and dealt with various educational, faith, moral, social, and cultural issues, etc. The research was concluded with the most important findings.
Keywords: education, the noble Qur'an, dialogue, methods, studies
Recalling Quranic Meanings and Textual Harmony in the Poem ``You taught me life'' and its Impact on Guiding the Behavior of Society
Authors: Hamadi Nagm Al-Obaidi Yasir Mahmoud
Published: March 2023

The research is concerned with the effect of Quranic meanings in directing society's behaviors through poetry, which in turn is an effective tool in purifying and refining the human soul. Whether in a direct way to adopt community issues or in a suggestive manner, and in an unconscious activity that attempts to mislead the reader about the direct intent of the poetic significance. Because of the value of poetry and its impact on man and his taste, ancient and modern, the Quranic meanings were embodied in the poem ``You taught me life'' by the poet ``Mohammed Mustafa Hamam Al-Masry.'' He is one of the first generations of poets in the modern era. The poem is well-known for its representation and recitation. However, this is due to the agility of its language and the follow-up of the Qur'anic meanings, which came spontaneously and smoothly, evoked by the ideas mixed with the sincerity of passion of the committed Arab poet. Moreover, this led to a phenomenon that contributed to the production of a coherent text, but we did not find any interest in analyzing this poem and identifying the secrets of creativity, and its deep values. Therefore, we will explore and analyze these aesthetic secrets and show how they were employed to build society because of the connotations they carried inspired by the Holy Qur'an, which is a method for building society. We will first clarify the terms used in the research, identify the writer of the poem and his literary product, and move on to the analytical techniques of recalling meanings. The Qur'anic implications, the aesthetics of quotation, and its value in achieving creativity and then revealing the empowerment of these meanings in the mind of the reader.
Keywords: recall, Quranic meanings, harmony, taught me life
Individual Reform and Its Impact on Human Development in the Side Abadi from the Holy Quran and the Sunnah
Authors: Shafik Sermad Foad , Mohamed Jawad Sa'doun
Published: March 2023

This research deals with a vital topic where every society wants to progress, develop, and keep pace with other societies in reforming the individuals who live in the devotional aspect through the practical application of some acts of worship in their lives. The most important of which is the night prayer, in particular, and the remembrance of God Almighty. Besides, these are positively reflected in achieving human development of all kinds, as clarified by the Holy Qur'an in the verses urging to do the two acts of worship and what the purified Sunnah of the Prophet brought in confirmation, report, statement, and detail for what those verses came with evidence. The research was divided into two sections, the first contains a statement (reforming the individual, human development, the Noble Qur'an, and the Sunnah) in language and terminology, and the second topic is an applied study of some Qur'anic verses and prophetic hadiths in two demands. The first is urging the night prayer and its great impact on reforming the individual, and the second urging the remembrance of God Almighty in an absolute manner with its impact on the reform of the individual, as this achieves progress for the society whose members are reformed.
Keywords: individual reform, human development, Quran, Sunnah, objective study.
The Linguistic and Grammatical Impact on Deducing the Jurisprudential Ruling for Women
Authors: Inad Abboud Wafa
Published: March 2023

The research is summarized by studying a group of Qur'anic verses related to women, in which the judgment was based on a linguistic and grammatical argument, with an indication of the impact of language and grammar on the jurisprudential judgment in the deduction. He urged women to apply jurisprudential rulings based on explicit Qur'anic texts that pertain to them in order to build a strong family that would not be shaken by the storms of change and not affected by Western theories that crushed women's rights under the pretext of urbanization and freedom.
Keywords: language, grammar, jurisprudence, Usul al-Fiqh, rulings on women.
Imam al-Hafidh Abu Yahya Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahim al-Baghdadi, Known as Sa'iqa (Thunderbolt) d. (255 AH), a Narrator and Critic, and His Impact on the Emergence of the Muslim Individual
Authors: Al-eesawi Abdulrahman Murgab
Published: March 2023

Imam Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahim (may God have mercy on him) lived at the end of the second century and the middle of the third century AH, characterized by the maturity and prosperity of the scientific movement. Therefore, competition in seeking knowledge and traveling for it was a visible matter, and classification, teaching, and travel were some of the prominent features of the people of that era. He was a student of the best scholars of his time, the most distinguished of whom was Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal (may God have mercy on him), and he took great care of his company. He, may God have mercy on him, was praised by scholars and eminent imams. He has narrations in the books of the Prophetic Sunnah, such as the Sahih of Imam Al-Bukhari, the Sunan of Imam Abi Dawood, the Jami` of Imam Al-Tirmidhi, the Musnad of Imam Ahmad, and the Sunan of Imam Al-Nasa'i Minor and Great, the Sahih of Imam Ibn Khuzaimah, the Sahih of Imam Ibn Hibban, and Al Mustadrak on the two Sahihs by Imam Al-Hakim, as well as in Al-Muntaqa by Ibn Al-Jarud, Sunan al-Bayhaqi al-Kubra, Sunan al-Daraqutni, Musnad al-Bazzar, the three dictionaries of al-Tabarani, and much more. Imam Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahim (Sa'iqa) was considered one of the imams of al-Jarh and al-Ta'deel who relied on their sayings, through his knowledge of the narrators' names and their kinships, his control over them, his attention to the narrators' headphones, his proof of that, and his approval of the audience of critics in documenting or weakening the narrators and his knowledge of them. Through a review of his students, we found that many of them had a leading position in the sciences of Islamic law, as they learned a lot from the sciences of their Sheikh. The follower of the sciences of Imam Muhammad bin Abd al-Rahim (Thunderbolt) will find that his critical statements about narrators, archeology, and his sciences drew a clear approach for students of knowledge who came after him, and left a great scientific impact on their upbringing and their emergence in various sciences, especially the science of hadith, narration, and knowledge.
Keywords: Prophetic hadith, Muslim individual, thunderbolt, Abu Yahya al-Baghdadi, criticism
Correction in actions and their impact on semantics" A book explaining what wrongdoing and distortion occur as a model
Authors: Kamil Abd Sarah Mohammed , Fathi Al-Dahan Dhafer Akidi
Published: March 2023

My study dealt with correction in actions and the military's position on it, and the fact that correction is a serious scourge that has infected the language and books of authorship and literature. Abu Ahmed Al-Askari wrote a book on correction and distortion entitled ``Explanation of what is wrong with correction and distortion,'' and I, in turn, studied the words of the Quran in his book and dealt with the difference between the two words Mushaf and non-Mushaf and studied semantically by giving preference to the meaning closest to the context by searching and referring to the true meaning of it, which was dealt with in dictionaries.
Keywords: correction, semantics, verbs
Quranic and Prophetic Ways to Reduce the Phenomenon of Bullying in Society
Authors: Naseer Saadoon Jasim , Matar Hamid Hussein
Published: March 2023

This research deals with the phenomenon of bullying in terms of the concept, causes, and methods of treating this phenomenon in the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet. The research is based on extrapolating the terms that agree with the concept of bullying in the Holy Qur'an and the Prophetic Sunnah, analyzing the verses and hadiths that were mentioned in them, and then explaining their treatment from the Holy Qur'an and the Prophetic Sunnah.
Keywords: Roads, the Qur'an, the limit, bullying
The Abrahamic in the Holy Quran and try social and instantaneous printing
Authors: Ibrahim al-Qaysi Majid Salih
Published: March 2023

This research aims to elicit Quranic purposes from the field interpretation of Sheikh Abdul Rahman Hasaan Habanka Al-Maidani by studying Surat Al-Asr, Al-Adiyat, Al-Kawthar, and Al-Takathur as a model. The knowledge of the purposes of the surahs leads to the realization of some of the notable purposes of the revelation of the Quran, the consideration of its phrases, words, and purposes, the statement of what Allah the almighty wants in it, and what its surahs and verses are guided to in a way that achieves understanding and action. Also, a statement that the number of the purposes of the surah does not depend on the number of its verses, there are several verses in common. In one objective, there is one verse in which there is more than one objective, so the Qur'anic objectives are inseparable from interpretation, since the Quran is the main source for defining the overall objectives, and from it deduced many ruling and partial ills, and it enables the interpreter to derive the rulings and wisdom of the Qur'an. The Noble Qur'an, considering the purposes of the surahs, is considered the safest approach, which makes the words of Allah the almighty orderly in a manner in which the perfection of its system, the coherence of its surahs, the consistency of its verses, and the statement of its inimitability and eloquence become evident.
Keywords: Qur'anic purposes, interpretation, interpreters
The Qur'anic Approach to Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil, and its Role in Building Society
Authors: Jassam Al-Rawi Qutaiba Fawzi
Published: March 2023

The research is a study of the Holy Qur'an's approach to enjoining good and forbidding evil, which is the approach of the prophets and messengers, and God Almighty has shown this approach in many Qur'anic verses., and tRevealing all of its aspects to us through studying it and listening to the commentators' sayings about these verses. standing at the sayings of the commentators about these verses, all its aspects have been revealed to us. In it are tThe verses that included enjoining good and forbidding evil, defining the terminology of the title of the research, talking about the virtues of this approach, and the effects of abandoning it through the hadiths of the Prophet, and the sayings of our righteous predecessors, and the method and the method of the Holy Qur'an in dealing with enjoining good and forbidding evil, and detailing its legal ruling. And tThe conditions and etiquettes of commanding and forbidding, defining those who enjoin good and forbid what is wrong, and their attributes, and their role in building society as God Almighty wanted it., aAnd, as described by the Noble Qur'an as the best nation brought out for people, based on the supreme moral values of justice, mercy, and fairness away from injustice, evil, and corruption. worlds.
Keywords: the curriculum, the Qur'anic, the known, the evil, the construction, the community.
The Attachment of the Neighbor and the Accusative Objection in the Holy Qur'an - a Semantic Grammatical Study
Authors: Noaman Atheer Tareq
Published: March 2023

This research aims to comprehensively monitor the cases of attachment (the neighbor, the traitor, and the adverb) in the Holy Qur'an, exclude the unproblematic attachments as an abbreviation of the research material, present the abstaining attachments as a sign in the views of the commentators by analyzing them grammatically and semantically, and to determine the grammatical attachments of the neighbor and the drawer that are authenticated by the sayings of the grammarians, abstaining semantically while providing valid alternatives.This research is based on a comprehensive monitoring of the cases of attachment of the two types of semi-sentence (the neighbor, the traitor and the adverb) in the Noble Qur'an, and then excludes the unresolved attachments as a shortcut to the subject of the research. The accusative and the adverb which are authenticated by the sayings of grammarians by refraining from semantics, while providing valid alternatives for them.
Keywords: neighbor and drawer, semi-sentence - Attached, - semantic block, - the meaning
Contradictions of Arab Modernists in Understanding the Revelations Semantic of (Mission and Prophecy) "Shahrour" as a Model
Authors: M. Hussein Abdulqader
Published: March 2023

This research highlights the flaws of some contemporary readings while handling the texts of the two revelations, which are as follows:
Research problem: Addressing one of the types of contemporary intellectual deviation in understanding the texts of the two revelations and its impact on the Arab and Islamic intellectual arena.
Research question: What are the principles on which ``Muhammad Shahrour'' built his understanding of the terms ``the Messenger and the Prophet''?
Objective of the research: To answer this problem by explaining the corruption of the conceptual origin on which (Muhammad Shahrour) based his attitude toward these two terms and his understanding of them.
Research Methodology: I followed the integrative approach: inductive, descriptive, and critical analysis.
 Research plan: After the introduction, the next section is the research plan, which is as follows: Preface: Modernity and "Muhammad Shahrour" in the definition. First section: the concept of (the Prophet and the Prophet) and the sayings of scholars about them. Second section: the semantics of the terms (the Messenger and the Prophet) for "Shahrour" and differentiating between them. Third section: discussion and analysis of the opinions of "Shahrour". Then comes the results and recommendations.
Keywords: contradictions, Arab modernists, mission and prophecy, Shahrour.
The Role of Ecclesiastical Religious Institutions in Translating the Holy Quran
Authors: Hamzah Mohammed.N.
Published: March 2023

In this research, I mentioned the role played by churches and monasteries in translating the meanings of the Noble Qur'an. How the church was able to impose its religious authority and transform the ancient Roman Empire, which extends geographically from the beaches of the Euphrates in the east to Scotland in the west and from the Danube in the north to the desert in the south, into a fighting religious doctrine. What was the great change made by Constantine in Christianity, after he gave wide powers to the church, raised its affairs, and gave the monks and priests many privileges and left them freedom in managing church affairs and issuing laws. As mentioned in the systems of churches and cultural monasteries that started from Spain and southern France and its role in translation of the Holy Quran, where the first Latin translation of the Holy Qur'an appeared in the year 1143 AD followed-by the translations of Islamic books after that. I also mentioned about the translation schools that spread quickly in Spain, and how Europe was drawn from the flag of Muslims and translated further into Latin, which is the language of the times in its time. This research also shows the role played by the Clooney monastery in their first translation and its advantages. I also touched on the reasons for the orientalists' interest in the studies of the Holy Qur'an. I ask God Almighty to make my work pure for his noble face.
Keywords: translation of the Qur'an, the role of the Church, the Monastery of Clooney, the Orientalists, the Qur'an
The Role of Memorizing the Holy Qur'an in Relieving Psychological Pressures an Applied Analytical Study of the Prophet's Hadith (The Example of the Believer Who Reads the Qur'an)
Authors: Jassem Mahmoud Abdul Razzaq , Abdul Rahman Saleh Yaser
Published: March 2023

The Holy Quran is the book revealed by the God Almighty, to guide human beings and reform the life of individuals and the Muslim community in all aspects of life, and to have a great place in them as the word of God. The Muslim knows that reading and memorizing the Qur'an is a reason for its higher rank in the highest place in the presence of the Lord of the two Worlds. He accepts Iqbal al-Muhabib, who requests more knowledge, recitation, reflection, and memorization. He preferred to remember the Holy Qur'an and recite it many times in the talks of the Prophet (the example of a believer who reads the Qur'an as an example), hence the idea of our research to see the importance of the Qur'an for the Muslims in alleviating psychological stress, as it appeared that the psychological field ranked first, and the social and family spheres received the same rank. In other words, memorizing the Qur'an is directly proportional to the amount of memorization. The greater the amount of memorization, the less the person will suffer from psychological stress.
Keywords: the Holy Qur'an, the Prophet's hadith, relieving psychological stress.
Surah Al-Qamar - (study and investigation) - From the Interpretation of Jama`at al-Tibyan in the Interpretation of the Qur'an - Lam'in Al-Din Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Al-Iji (d. 905 AH)
Authors: Ali Al-Soghair Ali Shawqi Hassan
Published: March 2023

The research aims to identify and clarify some of the meanings of the Noble Qur'an through the interpretation of Jami' al-Tibyan, to highlight the sayings of the commentators contained in the interpretation of Surat al-Qamar, to achieve the narratives contained in the interpretation of the surah, and to study them in a manner that facilitates their understanding and knowledge of their meanings. The research methodology required that it include two parts, an introduction and conclusion as well as an index of sources and references. The first section included an introduction to the research, its objectives, reasons for choosing it, hypothetical research questions, a research plan, research and investigation methodology, as well as samples from the two manuscripts (original + b). On the achievement of Surat al-Qamar, according to scientific steps followed by investigators and researchers. In the conclusion, the research deals with the most important results and recommendations, and an index of sources and references.
 Keywords: Surat Al-Qamar, study and investigation, Al-Tibyan Mosques, Mu'in Al-Din Al-Iji
"Ṭūbā" in the Holy Qur'an: A Linguistic, Grammatical, Morphological, and Semantic Study
Authors: Haj Nayef Soumia , AL-Hamadani Mustafa Adnan
Published: March 2023

This study deals with a summary of the word "Ṭūbā" in the Holy Qur'an, clarifying the meaning contained therein. Also, it aims to show its linguistic, morphological, and grammatical aspects as well as the diverging opinions of explainers, linguists, and grammarians in this regard. The study ends with a final sentiment according to what the researcher reached throughout this exploration.
Keywords: Ṭūbā, tree, paradise, desirable condition
God's Saying: A Comparison Study of Jurisprudence
Authors: Abdel Aziz Thamer Majed , Shweish Hatem Abdullah
Published: March 2023

In addition to the reliance of many financial transactions on this verse, the verse "And God has permitted the sale," which, despite its few words, contained many fundamental and jurisprudential details, is a declaration of the greatness of Qur'anic verses, whose verbal structure is simple while meanings are numerous. This investigation reveals the use of this noble verse as an example of the obvious and of the text clearly denoting the two sections in jurisprudential principles. Based on its clear division of sections in jurisprudential principles, this noble verse was cited as an example of the meeting of the text and the apparent. In jurisprudence, he cited this noble verse on the permissibility of selling and the prohibition of usury, on the permissibility of blind selling and peace, and on convening the sale of favoritism.
 Keywords: Selling the jurisprudence of the Qur'an, the principles of general and special jurisprudence.
The Sources of Hearing According to Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi 745) A.H.) (Al-Salik's Approach in Speaking of the Alfiya of Ibn Malik)
Authors: Abdullah Jassim Noor , Juma Odeh Adnan
Published: March 2023

Undoubtedly, the audible or transmitted texts have a high value and a strong impact in proving and documenting the language, as it is an important origin of the grammar. This origin was established with the establishment of Arabic grammar, throughout the stage of application. After increasing the authorship in grammar's science, the grammarians wanted to theorize this science, set its limits, and draw its general framework. Therefore, theorizing and application are supported in the service of language, especially the science of grammar, which was evident enough in proving linguistic and grammatical rulings, based on argument and proof; to guide the minds of grammarians according to the opinions that they believed in, and deduced from them the foundations on which they built their rulings. From this perspective, this research was concerned with the book: Al-Salik's Approach of Speaking to the Alfiya of Ibn Malik) by Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi, one of the famous grammarians. Our aim is to study the sources of one of the most important principles of grammar, which is listening, so this study was based on an introduction to the concept of listening as a language, reform, the value of listening and its limits, and Abu Hayyan's position and inferences, which are based on the documented texts of his book; followed-by the three demands. The first requirement was specific to the Holy Qur'an, and I made the second requirement specific to the noble hadith, and the final requirement was related to the speech of the Arabs. The concepts of the above were defined and rooted. Then we proved the most important results of the study in points, which were contained in a conclusion to the research, and we ask God for success and more rectitude.
 Keywords: Alfiya, Abu Hayyan, Al-Salik, Al-Sama`a, sources, method
Curriculum of the Koran in Drawing the General Educational Landmarks for Children
Authors: Odeh Al-Kubaisi Suhaib Abbas , Mukhlif Al Obaidi Ahmed Khatal
Published: March 2023

This research aims to extrapolate the verses of the Koran to guide the educational paths of children, how to develop their talents based on the meanings of these verses, and download them to the reality of the contemporary child in order to formulate his thought and reason, his upbringing in facing life's problems, and contemporary challenges. Because the Qur'an has multiple disciplinary and educational methods, it is a safety station for the creation of a conscious generation, and these are the themes used for this research.
Keywords: curriculum, education, children, Quran, milestones
The Position of the Modernists on the Qur'anic Text
Authors: Ahmed Ibrahim Othman
Published: March 2023

Modernity is one of the trends imported from the West, just like secularism and globalization, which began to afflict Muslim countries at the beginning of the twentieth century. It is a strange trend, with its characteristics and premises contradicting our values and civilizational heritage in addition to the constants of the Islamic religion. Moreover, it attempts to tamper with the sanctities, dismantle them, and put them on the autopsy table as any historical text, removing all its sanctity or status as a divine text. Despite all efforts to make modernity a success, the Arab and Islamic people rejected it, and it was not accepted by the sons of our Islamic nation, as many imported ideas are, and that religiosity takes root among the sons of Islam as it represents the nation's spirit, aspirations, and future.
Keywords: modernity, contemporary, surprise, tradition, dazzling
ANÁLISE DO DESENVOLVIMENTO NEUROPSICOMOTOR ATRAVÉS DA ESCALA DE DENVER II NAS CRIANÇAS DO PAMIF
Authors: Minetto Ariete Inês , Vicenti Evelin , De Jesus Doglas
Published: March 2023

Introdução: O desenvolvimento motor é considerado como um processo sequencial, contínuo e relacionado à idade cronológica, pelo qual o ser humano adquire habilidades motoras. Existem diversas escalas de avaliação neuropsicomotora, dentre elas, a de Denver II. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as crianças participantes do Programa de Atendimento Materno Infantil (PAMIF) e elaborar uma cartilha de orientação sobre desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor às mães do programa. Métodos: Neste estudo foram avaliadas 18 crianças, com idade até 60 meses participantes do PAMIF no período março a maio de 2018 no Setor de Fisioterapia das Clínicas Integradas da UNESC. Dentre estas, 55,6% eram do sexo masculino e 44,4 % do sexo feminino. Foi utilizada a Escala de Denver II para a avaliação neuropsicomotora nos domínios Pessoal-Social, Motor Fino, Linguagem e Motor Grosso. Resultados: No presente estudo, podemos identificar que a maioria das crianças participantes do PAMIF apresentaram um desenvolvimento motor típico. As que apresentaram desenvolvimento motor atípico tinham algum fator interferindo no seu desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Dentre esses fatores, salientamos a prematuridade, a Mielomeningocele, a Paralisia Cerebral e a Síndrome de Down. Conclusão: Através deste estudo podemos identificar as crianças do PAMIF que apresentam algum tipo de atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e nortea-las às atividades do programa para as suas necessidades.
CORRELAÇÃO SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA E ATENÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Cunha Ana Cláudia da , Souza Sabrina da Silva de , Laurindo Dione Lúcia Prim , Zamprogna Katheri Maris , Suplici Samara Eliane Rabelo
Published: March 2023

Avaliar a cobertura populacional das equipes de Atenção Básica nos municípios de Santa Catarina e sua correlação com o número de casos novos de sífilis congênita em menores de um ano de idade. Realizado estudo ecológico transversal que utilizou dados secundários dos bancos de dados oficiais do Estado de Santa Catarina, nos anos de 2017 e 2018. O indicador número de casos novos de sífilis congênita em menores de um ano de idade é inversamente correlacionado aos indicadores de cobertura populacional de equipes de atenção básica e de cobertura populacional de saúde da família, mantendo a correlação para os anos de 2017-2018. O estudo confirma a hipótese de que os municípios com melhor cobertura de ESF apresentam melhor desfecho para a ocorrência de casos novos de sífilis congênita, uma vez que ao analisar isoladamente essas duas variáveis, os indicadores estão inversamente correlacionados, quanto maior a cobertura de ESF menores são os casos novos de sífilis congênita.
Analysis of spatial-temporal distribution of the anthropogenic substances flux density in the Near-Earth Space
Authors: Kolpakov V.I. , Vasiljeva T.V. , Pasynkov A.A. , Sveshnikova A.S. , Titov O.G.
Published: March 2023

The task of ensuring safe operation of the orbital stations in conditions of the Near-Earth Space increasing pollution with the so-called space debris became especially significant in the International Space Station development. In addition, space debris poses a certain danger to spacecraft currently in operation. To assess the degree of risk, this paper presents a relational database developed by the authors making it possible to determine the number of the space debris particles collision and the impact parameters (particle size and collision speed) on the spacecraft staying in different orbits. Calculations in this case made it possible to determine potential number, probability of collisions and parameters of the space debris impact interaction with a group of small domestic spacecraft.
Capital, Resource or People? Contemporary Trends in Personnel Management
Authors: Marek Agnieszka
Published: March 2023

People should be at the centre of attention within knowledge-based economics.
The leaders of each enterprise ought to focus on providing the best conditions
for their employees’ professional and individual development and treat them
with respect in terms of their dignity and needs. In contemporary literature two
notions in perceiving people in organisations are noticeable. The first one treats
employees as ‘resources’ which have to be properly used or as ‘capital’ that
should bring a decent return on investment. The second notion derives a lot from
Christian philosophy and sees the human as a person who treats work as a way
to realize his calling and thus is able to take responsibility for the decisions
made and actions taken.
Acting in a constantly changing environment, people have to be flexible
and able to take advantage of emerging opportunities and avoid threats. Within
this process it is not a matter of being a human ‘being’ but rather becoming,
which means that they are incessantly developing their potential. Although it is
hard to predict human behaviour, the main task for managers is to lead in a way
that will help employees use their full potential for both their own and
the company’s benefit.
Colonization of Subaltern Women in the Short Story “Qisshatu Fathiyyah Al-Misriyyah”
Authors: Muama Avisena Perdana Putra , Mustofa Arif
Published: March 2023

Discourse on literary criticism is currently widely read and studied in the academic world, especially about postcolonial. postcolonial studies provide a new perspective on modern era colonialism and its effects. Postcolonial offers disclosure of the conflicts of human life that occurred in the colonial era. However, in the real of literary studies, his postcolonial works are not only the period after colonialism ended, but works that have been written since they lasted until the present. This research is included in the type of qualitative research based on the library research methodology.The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of colonization that occurred to female characters as part of the subaltern group in the short story ''Qisshatu Fathiyyah Al-Misriyyah'' using a subaltern theory approach of Gayatri Spivak. The primary data sources were taken in the form of a short story entitled Qisshatu Fathiyyah Al-Misriyyah by Nawāl As-Sa’dāwī as well as some literature from articles and books that have a correlation with the research topic as a secondary source. The theory used is Gayatri Spivak's subaltern with a postcolonial study approach. The results of this study are in the form of colonization of subaltern women in the form of: (a) Early Marriage, (b) Physical Violence, (c) Marginalization, (d) Discrimination.
Misyari Rasyid Alafasyi’s “Qolbi Muhammad” Song Lyrics: Michael Riffaterre’s Semiotic Study
Authors: Fawad Dihyat Haniful , Muassomah Muassomah , Syaifuddin Helmi
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is not only to reveal the heuristic meaning in the lyrics of the song "Qolbi Muhammad" by Misyari Rasyid Alafasyi, but also to reveal the hermeneutic meaning in the song "Qolbi Muhammad" by Misyari Rasyid Alafasyi. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The primary data sources in this study were the lyrics of the song "Qolbi Muhammad" by Misyari Rasyid Alafasyi, and the secondary data sources in this study were scientific papers, books, and other references. Data collection techniques using text analysis techniques and literature study. Data analysis techniques consist of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings of this study are based on the heuristic meaning of the song "Qolbi Muhammad" by Misyari Rasyid Alafasyi, the researchers found the results of lexical meaning in the form of advice from a Munsyid, namely Misyari Rasyid Alafasyi to mankind in general and to Muslims in particular to always be on His path that has been exemplified by the Prophet Muhammad. so that we are always in the protection of Allah swt. As for the results of the hermeneutic meaning in the song, the researchers found a matrix or essence of the song, namely the indicator of the existence of a servant is his faith and devotion to Allah swt and how he relates to the Prophet Muhammad. This means that a servant must always increase his faith and devotion to Allah swt by following the path or teachings brought by the noblest role model, namely the Prophet Muhammad.
Matopiba’s Disputed Agricultural Frontier: Between Commodity Crops and Agrarian Reform
Authors: Coca Estevan , Soyer Gabriel , Ricardo Barbosa Jr
Published: March 2023

Matopiba’s agricultural frontier has been at the centre of political and scientific debates since its establishment in 2015. However, the impact of agribusiness expansion and intensification on land distribution in the region has yet to be studied. How has the establishment of Matopiba affected commodity crop production and agrarian reform in the region? This article analyses historical trends in soybean and corn production, and recent developments across Matopiba microregions. These are then juxtaposed with data on agrarian reform at microregion level. The findings help to clarify the ways in which agricultural frontier expansion has been reliant on government support and reveal conflicting agricultural development at work in Matopiba. While commodity crop production has increased in Matopiba as expected, agrarian reform has halted. The few agrarian reform settlements that have been created are in areas with lower agricultural potential within the limits of Matopiba’s frontier.
Glossary
Authors:   Institute of Development Studies, Cabral Lídia , Sauer Sérgio , Shankland Alex
Published: March 2023

This is the glossary for IDS Bulletin 54.1: Frontier Territories: Countering the Green Revolution Legacy in the Brazilian Cerrado.