bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Economy between Fluctuations in Oil Revenues and Diversifying Sources of Income in Arab Countries
Authors: Starchenko Yun D
Published: September 2021

The Economic Monitor offers an overview of key economic trends and policies over the preceding six months and discusses conclusions from recent World Bank work on Iraq, putting them in a longer-term and global sense and evaluating the impact of these developments and other policy adjustments Iraq's outlook. The macroeconomy, capital markets, and indices of human health and growth are all included. It is aimed at a broad range of people, like policymakers, industry executives, stock market players, and Iraq's analysts and practitioners. The research problem was represented by the fact that the Iraqi economy is single-source due to its dependence on the crude oil sector, which constitutes more than (60%) of the gross domestic product. Crude oil revenues constitute more than (90%) and neglect other economic sectors such as agriculture, industry, and tourism, whose percentage did not exceed (30%) of the gross domestic product. The weakness of non-oil exports in the foreign trade sector is the failure of macroeconomic policies to diversify the Iraqi economy. The research aims to achieve many goals, the most important of which are: identifying the concept and indicators of diversification. As well as an analysis of the Iraqi economic structure during the period (2008-2019). A forward-looking vision for economic diversification in Iraq.
Banking Employee Performance from Sulawesi – A Case Study
Authors: Tamba Jefri , Jillsy Renata
Published: September 2021

This study proposed to analyze and investigate the impact of strategic leadership and job design to improve work motivation and performance of employee in Bank BPD South Sulawesi and West Sulawesi. The analysis was performed using SEM analysis method with 130 respondents. This study suggested: strategic leadership and job design have a positive and significant direct impact on work motivation and performance, strategic leadership and job design have a positive and significant non-direct impact on performance mediated by work motivation.
Transitivity and youth violence in #EndSARS discourse
Authors:   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, The Use of English Unit, School of General Studies., David-Ojukwu Ifeyinwa , Orabueze Florence O. ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Department of English & Literary Studies., Okoye-Ugwu Stella ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Department of English & Literary Studies.
Published: September 2021

, Florence O. Orabueze2 & Violence in Nigeria has reached its peak such that policies that should engage the youths positively are inevitable. This paper aims to establish that Nigerian youths should not be held accountable for #EndSARS protest. Using Halliday and Matthiessen’s Transitivity model, the paper examined the transitivity processes of the major participants in the discourse, and the circumstances implicated. Explication of images appropriated as discursive strategies were accounted for through insights from Kress and van Leeuwen’s Compositional Metafunction in Reading Image Theory. The analysis was done using a descriptive qualitative research design that supports the description of processes attributed to participants, and how social predictors that assign agentive roles to some participants as Actor, or Sayer; and stripe others of their agencies suggest that in the Nigeria’s social context, the #EndSARS protest was inevitable. Such approach was critical in exposing the undercurrents that informed the protest, which previous researches had paid insignificant attention to. From the analysis, several discoveries were recorded, namely: Nigerian government is majorly, a Sayer interested mainly in protecting its pride; the police, and the military are the Actors, while the youths are the Goal in material processes, and behaver in behavioural processes. The paper concludes that the volatility of the youths was a reaction to the processes of the government, and its agencies. The paper, therefore, recommends that government should show practical interest in the plight of the masses by initiating policies that target to engage them constructively so as to prevent future re-occurrence.
From stage to street: The #Endsars protest and the prospects of street theatre
Authors:   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Department of Theatre and Film Studies., Ezeugwu Cindy Anene , Omeje Oguejiofor V. , Erojikwe Ikechukwu ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Department of Theatre and Film Studies., Nwaozuzu Uche- Chinemere ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Department of Theatre and Film Studies., Nnanna Ndubuisi ,   University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Department of Theatre and Film Studies.
Published: September 2021

Globally, the issues of extrajudicial killings are on the increase. From racial killings in the West to wanton human rights violations in Africa, the pains are the same. Thus, protests has always been a channel employed by many including activists, labour and union leaders among others, to press home grievances and demands against unfavourable policies and social malaise. This paper draws attention to how youths in Nigeria utilised the physical space to spark a protest, in October 2020. Notable actors, musicians, comedians, activists and the international community in their numbers, moved to the street in defiance of security orders to protest against police brutality and harassment. In view of the outcome of the protest, which was later hijacked by hoodlums, the paper examines a non-violent alternative which can be used to address societal issues. It is in this context that the paper examined the role of theatre as a tool for activism, advocacy and communication with specific reference to street theatre, a type of improvised street drama performance that addresses unfavourable socio-political and cultural issues. The data for the study is obtained mainly from the internet, print media, observations, interviews and literary works. For its methodology, the study utilises the popular theatre approach. The study concludes that street theatre has a major role to play in addressing socio- political issues without resorting to violence.
Afforesting as a Way to Eliminate Haze and to Fertilize Plants
Authors: Zhang Jiayi
Published: September 2021

Haze problem causes serious health risk and troubles to the human being. Traditional manners such as reducing vehicle uses and biomass burning etc. don’t workwell as was expected. More effective ways to address haze problem are urgently in need. From literatures, haze contains many vital elements plants growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur, such thatabsorbing them as the fertilizers for forests or other ecological systems would be a more effective way to tackle the haze problem. In fact, the components in haze are suitable for fertilizing plants because they come from burningoil and coals which are dead plants and animals long time ago. Sincesoils with water in them are feasible to dissolve the ions in haze, combined with ecological functions of forests such as water transparency, harmful gases absorption, forests and other ecological systems can effectively absorb the haze and turnthem into the fertilizers for plants continuously; therefore, the haze would be eliminated with infinite capacity. In summary, haze would be eaten by these ecological systems and turn them into life again. Utilizingafforesting, haze can be eliminated in an environment friendly and constructive way, they would become the nutrition in living things and circulate in the biosphere.In this way, not only haze can be absorbed, but also the plants are fertilized, more over such process is infinite.
MARITIME TOURISM: GLOBAL SUCCESS STORIES AND THE CASE OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Fatima Naureen , Akhtar Muhammad
Published: September 2021

The coastal / maritime tourism is an important segment in a multi-trillion dollars and multivariate global tourism industry. It offers one of the new avenues and fastest growing areas for significant role in global economies. Various countries such as Maldives, Indian State of Kerala, Singapore and Thailand etc. have focused on maritime tourism with good governance practices evolved over period of time to earn substantial revenues from it. Pakistan has also immense maritime tourism potential with diversified natural, religious, and cultural tourism resources. But Pakistan’s maritime tourism is considered very weak due to various issues. With qualitative research, this paper attempts to explore and suggest solutions for the development of maritime tourism sector of Pakistan by analysing the tourism governance of global success stories and evaluating the nationwide potential and challenges. Arguments are developed that the factors behind the success stories of Maldives & Kerala state in India can act as guidance for taking initiatives on the proposed potential sites in order to uplift the maritime tourism sector in Pakistan. It is anticipated that the effective implementation of this paper’s recommendations would be instrumental in gearing up Pakistan’s Maritime economy.
LFSR Next Bit Prediction through Deep Learning
Authors:   Scientific Analysis Group, Defence Research and Development Organization, Delhi, Gupta Sanchit
Published: September 2021

Pseudorandom bit sequences are generated using deterministic algorithms to simulate truly random sequences. Many cryptographic algorithms use pseudorandom sequences, and the randomness of these sequences greatly impacts the robustness of these algorithms. Important crypto primitive Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) and its combinations have long been used in stream ciphers for the generation of pseudorandom bit sequences. The sequences generated by LFSR can be predicted using the traditional Berlekamp Massey Algorithm, which solves LFSR in 2×n number of bits, where n is the degree of LFSR. Many different techniques based on ML classifiers have been successful at predicting the next bit of the sequences generated by LFSR. However, the main limitation in the existing approaches is that they require a large number (as compared to the degree of LFSR) of bits to solve the LFSR. In this paper, we have proposed a novel Pattern Duplication technique that exponentially reduces the input bits requirement for training the ML Model. This Pattern Duplication technique generates new samples from the available data using two properties of the XOR function used in LFSRs. We have used the Deep Neural Networks (DNN) as the next bit predictor of the sequences generated by LFSR along with the Pattern Duplication technique. Due to the Pattern Duplication technique, we need a very small number of input patterns for DNN. Moreover, in some cases, the DNN model managed to predict LFSRs in less than 2n bits as compared to the Berlekamp Massey Algorithm. However, this technique was not successful in cases where LFSRs have primitive polynomials with a higher number of tap points.
Sosialisasi Penggunaan Moda Transportasi Darat dan Udara Dimasa Pandemi COVID 19
Authors: Rudy  , Pamuraharjo Hemi , Arti Endang Sugih , Praptiningsih Nunuk , Sadiatmi Rini
Published: September 2021

Transportasi atau perjalanan orang yang dimaksud oleh Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19  adalah pergerakan orang dari satu daerah ke daerah lainnya berdasarkan batas wilayah administrasi propinsi/kabupaten/kota dan kedatangan orang dari luar negeri memasuki wilayah NKRI dengan menggunakan kendaraan pribadi atau transportasi umum darat/perkeretaapian/laut dan udara.. Pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dibatas untuk transportasi darat dan udara. Pengaturan tentang bertransportasi darat dan udara diatur agar upaya percepatan penanganan Covid-19 dapat diwujudkan, dilain pihak agar mobilisasi masyarakat tetap dapat dilakukan agar ekonomi dapat tetap berjalan. Bagaimana hal tersebut dapat berjalan secara berdampingan, tentu saja ada hal-hal yang perlu disesuaikan misalnya tentang perilaku pengguna jasa trasnportasi yang perlu menyesuaikan dengan protokol masa pandemi yang berbeda dengan kebiasaan dimasa normal. Dari sisi operator transportasi juga perlu penyesuaian selain protokol naik dan turunnya penumpang juga tentang kapasitas sarana trasnportasi yang tidak dapat digunakan seperti kapasitas sesuai dengan standar pembuatan sarana trasnportasi tersebut. Hal ini tentu tidak mudah baik bagi pengguna jasa transportasi maupun pihak operator dikaitkan dengan investasi dan operasional penyedia jasa trasnportasi tersebut. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menekankan pada bagaimana mencapai equilibrium atau keseimbangan antara upaya penanganan pandemi dan berjalannya ekonomi dari sudut pandang transportasi darat dan udara di Indonesia.
ANALISIS PENYALURAN PEMBIAYAAN ULTRA MIKRO BMT NUSA UMAT SEJAHTERA (NUS) CABANG BREBES BERDASAR AZAS MASLAHAH MURSALAH
Authors: Khaerul Masi Muhamad Naufal
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan-permasalahan klasik yang selalu mengemuka di kalangan masyarakat kecil yaitu lapisan terbawah (ultra mikro) tatkala hendak berwirausaha adalah tentang modal. mengakses pembiayaan dari perbankan karena adanya persyaratan yang tidak bisa dipenuhi (tidak bankable). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana praktik dan mekanisme, serta tata kelolapenyaluran pembiayaan ultra mikro, BMT Nusa Umat Sejahtera (NUS) Cabang Brebes, sampai mana kontribusi kesejahteraan anggota melalui Penyaluran Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro BMT Nusa Umat Sejahtera (NUS) Cabang Brebes, mengetahui Analisis terhadap Penyaluran Pembiayaan Ultra Mikro BMT Nusa Umat Sejahtera (NUS) Cabang Brebes berdasar asas maslahah Mursalah. (1) Praktik dan tata kelola mekanisme penyaluran pembiayaan ultra mikro di bmt nu sejahtera cabang brebes, menggunakan akad- akad yang berbasis syariah, mulai dari pembiayaan mudhorobah, musyarokah dan murobahah yang kesemuanya mengabut sistem bagi hasil, dan menentang sistem bunga (2) Kontribusi kesejahteraan anggota bmt nusa ummat sejahtera dari pembiayaan ultra mikro, bahwa tujuan pembiayan utra mikro adalah untuk masyarakat umumnya dan anggota khususnya bagi bmt nu sejahtera adalah penyalur modal, yang sebelumnya mereka anggota belum dapat fasilitas dari perbangkan (3) Analisis maslahah mursalah terhadap peyaluran pembiayaan uktra mikro di BMT Nusa Ummat Sejahtera Cabang Brebes, bahwa semua transaksi menggunakan akad yang syariah sehingga terhindar dari bunga, yang dalam klasifikasi maslahah mursalah menjaga harta adalah masuk dalam klasifikasi dharuriyat, dan dalam penyaluranya dilakukan pengelompokan dan pendanmpingan yang memuat pengajian sebagai wadah anggota untuk berjamiayah.
Multicasting Data Routing for Vehicular Ad hoc Network using Fog Computing
Authors:   Research Scholar, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India, Gaba Seema , . Kavita ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India, Verma Sahil ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India, Sood Monica ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
Published: September 2021

A group of vehicles either mobile or stationery that is interconnected through a wireless network generate a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). Providing comfort as well as safety to the drivers in vehicular scenarios is the main importance of VANETs. Since there is an increase in the number of autonomous vehicles, these networks are now being considered as an infrastructure for an intelligent transportation system. Fog computing can be provided low latent information sharing and more background knowledge by localizing one of the features. This research work is related to data aggregation in vehicular ad hoc networks. In this research work, the technique of multicasting will be proposed for the data aggregation in VANETs. The Network Simulator 2 is used to perform experiments and few performance measures are used for analysing the outcomes.
Writer Identity Construction in MSc. Students of Engineering
Authors: Monjezi Masood
Published: September 2021

Writing in academia is not only a way for students to acquire knowledge and skills, but also a process through which they construct author/researcher identity. This study aims to explore how twenty MSc. students construct their identity as writers of research papers. The students in this study received genre-based writing instructions on writing research papers during their writing course in the first semester of university. They wrote four papers during the semester, and the researcher provided feedback to their papers. Then, they were interviewed individually in order to find out how they reacted to the instructions, the writing process, and the feedback provided by the teacher. In addition, they were requested to write a reflective piece of writing about what they experienced including their emotions, thoughts and opinions about writing an academic paper before and after the course. Two types of analyses were made. Firstly, their sample research papers were examined during the course to see if there were improvements in the areas where feedback was provided. Secondly, the interviews and reflective pieces of writing were subjected to content analysis in order to extract themes. The examination of the papers revealed that the feedback provided by the teacher was effective as the writings improved in the areas where feedback was given. The thematic analysis resulted in two major themes of Affect and Attitude and the Need for Adaptation. An important implication of this study was the role feedback played in helping student/researchers to develop their identity in writing.
Molecular Dynamic study of model two-dimensional systems involving Janus dumbbells and spherical particles
Authors: Baran Ł. , Dąbrowska K. , Rżysko W. , Sokołowski S.
Published: September 2021

We have performed an extensive constant temperature Molecular Dynamics study of two-dimensional systems involving Janus dumbbells and spherical particles. Janus dumbbells have been modelled as two spheres, labeled 1 and 2, joined together via harmonic bonds. Sphere 1 of a selected Janus dumbbell attracts the spheres of the same kind on other Janus dumbbells, while the interactions between the pairs 1-1 and 1-2 were repulsive. On the other hand, the spherical particles are attracted by centers 2 and repelled by the centers 1 of Janus particles. We have shown that the structure of oriented phases that can be formed in the system depends on the bond length of Janus dumbbells and the ratio of the number of spherical particles to the number of Janus dumbbells in the system. The presence of spherical particles is necessary to develop oriented phases. For the assumed model, the formation of oriented phases in the system depends on the concentration of spherical particles. Equal numbers of Janus and spherical particles create optimal conditions for the formation of lamellar phases.
Phase behavior of water-like models in nanoscopic pores of slit shape. Predictions from a density functional theory
Authors: Pizio O. , Sokołowski S. , Trejos V. M.
Published: September 2021

We have explored the phase behavior of a set of water-like models in slit pores of nanoscopic dimensions. The interaction between water and pore walls mimics the graphite surface. A version of density functional method is used as theoretical tools. The fluid models are adopted from the work of Clark et al. [Mol. Phys., 2006 104, 3561]. They reproduce the bulk water vapor-liquid coexistence envelope adequately. Our principal focus is on changes of topology of the phase diagram of confined water and establishing trends of behavior of the crossover temperature between condensation and evaporation on the strength of water-graphite interaction potential. Growth of the water film on the pore walls is illustrated in terms of the density profiles. Theoretical results are discussed in context of computer simulation findings for water models in pores.
The silver tourism economy in rural areas under conditions of sustainable development
Authors: Sikora Jan , Wartecka-Ważyńska Agnieszka Anna
Published: September 2021

The aim of the article is to present the concept of the silver tourism economy and to identify its supply and demand in rural areas in Poland in relation to sustainable development. The problems of interest were analysed in the context of values held by and ethical norms observed in rural communities. It was found that ethical aspects of sustainable development were embraced by older members of rural communities, and, consequently, were closely connected with the supply and demand sides of the silver tourism economy. The study revealed that the supply side of the silver tourism economy in rural areas was more developed than the demand side. The authors emphasize the need for natural, cultural, social and economic resources (associated with the supply side) to support the demand side of the rural tourism market. They also indicate that ethical values and norms of sustainable development are important for the silver tourism economy. The article is based a review of the literature, analysis of secondary sources and official documents and participant observation undertaken by of the authors.
Dysfunkcje prawotwórstwa podatkowego – pokusa nadużycia i iluzja fiskalna w działalności władz polskich
Authors: Werner Aleksander , Wierzbicki Jarosław
Published: September 2021

Prawotwórstwo podatkowe stanowi najbardziej wrażliwy element aktywności publicznej. Determinuje ono relację obywatela i państwa, , a tym samym kształtuje kulturę prawną sp ołeczeństwa. Ta okoliczność we współczesnych państwach bywa niestety lekceważona. Działania władzy publicznej związane z prowadzeniem polityki podatkowej zmierzające do wprowadzania podatnika w błąd są coraz częstsze. O ile pozwalają one na prostsze przeforsowanie rozwiązań pożądanych przez władze, o tyle prowadzą do erozji systemu prawnego, którego podstawowy aspekt stanowi wzajemna lojalność. Pojawiające się w warunkach polskich coraz częstsze i coraz bardziej ostentacyjne naruszenia zasad równościowych i lojalnościowych opodatkowania mogą stanowić przejaw kryzysu politycznego państwa. Będą one coraz szybciej prowadziły do osłabienia władztwa publicznego tak w sferze podatkowej, jak i sferze ogólnej, co w następstwie grozi głębokim kryzysem społecznym.
Niedozwolona optymalizacja podatkowa i funkcjonowanie rajów podatkowych w kontekście dyrektywy 2018/822. Analiza wybranych zagadnień
Authors: Szymczyk Przemysław , Kalus Jeremiasz
Published: September 2021

Historia zjawiska transgranicznego unikania opodatkowania oraz wykorzystywania do tego celu podmiotów lokowanych w rajach podatkowych sięga początków XX w. Instytucja raportowania schematów podatkowych jest natomiast istotnym kamieniem milowym w procederze ograniczania powyższej praktyki przez państwa członkowskie Unii Europejskiej (UE) oraz Organizacji Współpracy Gospodarczej i Rozwoju (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development – OECD). Koncepcja ta została wdrożona do unijnego systemu prawnego przez dyrektywę Rady (UE) 2018/822 z dnia 25 maja 2018 r. zmieniającą dyrektywę 2011/16/UE w zakresie obowiązkowej automatycznej wymiany informacji w dziedzinie opodatkowania w odniesieniu do podlegających zgłoszeniu uzgodnień transgranicznych1, której celem było zniechęcenie podatników do korzystania z tzw. wehikułów podatkowych, pozwalających na uszczuplanie należności publicznoprawnych. Obowiązek ujawniania schematów ma skutkować stopniową redukcją przypadków, kiedy podatnik zdecyduje się podjąć ryzyko sięgnięcia po agresywne planowanie podatkowe. Co istotne, takie rozwiązanie jest także korzystne dla samych przedsiębiorców, ponieważ raportowanie schematów w znacznym stopniu ogranicza liczbę zbędnych kontroli podatkowych. W niniejszym artykule poruszono wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące powyższej tematyki, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem genezy rajów podatkowych, próby ich zdefiniowania, wyjaśnienia mechanizmów związanych z unikaniem opodatkowania, jak również historii tych instytucji i prawodawstwa w tym zakresie. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera prywatną opinię autorów i nie może być utożsamiany z oficjalnym stanowiskiem Ministerstwa Finansów.
Introduced land snail Cepaea nemoralis (Gastropoda: Helicidae) in Eastern Europe: spreading history and the shell colouration variability
Authors: Gural-Sverlova Nina , Egorov Roman , Kruglova Oksana , Kovalevich Natalia , Gural Roman
Published: September 2021

The available data on the present distribution of Cepaea nemoralis in Ukraine, Belarus and the European part of Russia, the history and possible ways of penetration of this species into various parts of Eastern Europe, as well as the colour and banding polymorphism of its shells are analyzed. It has been suggested that the process of rapid spreading of C. nemoralis in the three compared Eastern European countries began at approximately the same time (late 20th – early 21st centuries) and that it may be caused by active and practically uncontrolled importation of seedlings from other European countries, as well as by global climate change, which can contribute to better survival of snails outside their natural range. Despite the possible initial limitation of the phenotypic and genetic diversity associated with the accidental transfer of a limited number of individuals, in the Eastern European colonies, in general, a fairly large variety of the inherited traits of the shell colouration remains. This concerns, first of all, the polymorphism in the shell ground colour (yellow, pink, less often brown) and the main variants of the shell banding (unbanded, mid-banded, five-banded, less often three-banded).
Towards a modern history of Gondwanaland
Authors: Bashford Alison , Chakrabarti Pratik , Hore Jarrod
Published: September 2021

Gondwanaland was a southern mega-continent that began to break up 180 million years ago. This article explores Gondwanaland�s modern history, its unexpected political and cultural purchase since the 1880s. Originating with geological and palaeontological research in the Gond region of Central India, �Gondwana� has become recognisable and useful, especially in settler colonial contexts. This prospectus sets out a program for a highly unusual �transnational� project, involving scholars of India, Australia, Antarctica, southern Africa and South America. Unpredictably across the five continents of former Gondwanaland, the term itself signals depth of time and place across the spectrum of Indigenous land politics, coal-based extractive politics, and, paradoxically, nationalist environmental politics. All kinds of once-living Gondwanaland biota deliver us fossil fuels today � the �gifts of Gondwana� some geologists call southern hemisphere coal, gas, petroleum � and so the modern history of Gondwanaland is also a substantive history of the Anthropocene.
»Prøv det« – et plædoyer for kollegial supervision
Authors: Møller Henrik Rye , Andersen Mette Skovgaard
Published: September 2021

Artiklen omhandler et konkret supervisionsforløb på en højere læreanstalt og skal, som titlen antyder, ses som en inspirationskilde for universitetslærere, der ønsker at prøve kræfter med den kollegiale supervisionsform. Artiklen er praksisorienteret og forsøger at påvise opnået erkendelse hos de superviserede på baggrund af sproglige iagttagelser.
Udvikling af universitetslærerens pædagogiske kompetencer – en didaktisk skitse
Authors: Kruse Søren
Published: September 2021

I artiklen foreslås en kompetencematrix, bestående af 3 horisontale områder: indholds-, iscenesættelses- og relationskompetence, samt 3 vertikale niveauer: gennemførelseskompetence;planlægnings- og evalueringskompetence; samt begrundelsesog udviklingskompetence. Tesen er at udviklingen af disse pædagogiske kompetencer stimuleres ved at udfordre de vaner underviserne har opbygget i deres praksisfelt via to forskellige refleksionsredskaber: en eksplicitering af undervisernes pædagogiske praksisteori og den videnskabeligt frembragtepædagogiske viden om læring og undervisning.
Vejledernes reaktion på retningslinjer for vejledning
Authors: Andersen Hanne Leth , Jensen Tine Wirenfeldt
Published: September 2021

Den undersøgelse vi her i artiklen rapporterer fra, viser at der blandt specialevejledere og specialestuderende er stor forskel på kendskabet til og interessen for de opstillede rammer ogregler for specialevejledningen. Vi konstaterer at vejlederen ikke primært opfatter sig selv som en medarbejder i en organisation hvor ledelsens eventuelle retningslinjer og rammer er relevanteog bindende, men snarere som en privatpraktiserende vejleder der udvikler sit eget tilbud til de studerende. Vejlederne har skullet udvikle deres egen praksis, men det er alligevel påfaldendeat så få problematiserer deres manglende viden om institutionens retningslinjer. Nogle af vejledernes begrundelser for ikke at interessere sig mere for fagets retningslinjer afspejler en opfattelse af de gældende retningslinjer for deres praksis som irrelevante for dem. Baggrunden er at reglerne primært er kvantitative og rammesættende og slet ikke kommer i dialog med vejledernes individuelle praksis. Hvis man vil udvikle vejledningspraksis, skal der altså andre mere kvalitative og pædagogisk velfunderede midler til.
Vejledning – mellem magt og afmagt
Authors: Christensen Gerd
Published: September 2021

Nærværende artikel er en empirisk funderet diskussion af vejlederens rolle og funktion i projektarbejdet, sådan som det praktiseres på to videregående uddannelser. Da der ikke eksisterer generelle normer for god vejledningspraksis, er det særligt interessant at lytte til, hvordan de studerende definerer dette. I artiklen defineres ‘den gode vejleder’ ud fra de studerendes fortællinger om, hvordan ‘den dårlige vejleder’ dominerer eller overlader de studerende til sig selv. At vejlederen samtidig er bedømmer af projektet illustrerer, at vejlederen eksisterer i et felt mellem magt og afmagt.
Syv fluer med et smæk! 'Aktiv deltagelse' – et eksamensforms-eksperiment
Authors: Krause-Jensen Jakob
Published: September 2021

På Institut for Pædagogik på DPU har vi på en af vores kandidatuddannelser eksperimenteret med en eksamensform, vi kalder ‘aktiv deltagelse’. Eksamensformen går i korthed ud på, at de studerende på baggrund af læsestrategiske spørgsmål, som knytter sig til hver undervisningsgang og udsendes en uge før, udarbejder et ‘analysepapir’ på halvanden side. De studerende får elektronisk feedback på disse analysepapirer (og skal eventuelt skrive dem om, hvis de ikke svarer til kravene). Fordelene ved eksamensformen er, at de studerende løbende får skrevet og dermed øget fortrolighed med den akademiske genre, at feedback bliver en integreret del af undervisningen og at de studerende tilskyndes til at læse ‘jævnt’ over hele semestret og til at tage aktivt og regelmæssigt del i undervisningen.
Evaluering af evalueringer
Authors: Christensen Gerd
Published: September 2021

Studerendes evaluering af undervisningen på universiteterne er et fænomen, der har været stigende interesse for igennem de senere år. Dels stilles der ministerielle krav om, at allelandets uddannelser skal evaluere undervisningen, dels kræves der i stigende grad åbenhed om evalueringernes resultater. I forbindelse med den igangværende akkreditering af universitetsuddannelserne er de anvendte evalueringsmetoder derfor en af de parametre, uddannelserne vurderes på. Hensigten med nærværende artikel er at diskutere evalueringenskonsekvenser, samt hvorvidt de måder, hvorpå konkrete evalueringsprocedurer udformes, kan have betydning for deres resultater i form af, hvordan de studerende vægter deresevaluering, og hvad de i realiteten evaluerer, når de evaluerer undervisning. Det vil foregå i form af analyser af tre evalueringsprocedurer fra det Humanistiske Fakultet, KøbenhavnsUniversitet1. Afslutningsvis vil jeg give konkrete forslag til forskydning af evalueringernes fokus imod de studerendes evaluering af egen læring.
Specialeskrivning på seks måneder. De nye specialeregler belyst ved erfaringer fra Institut for Statskundskab, Københavns Universitet
Authors: Jensen Henrik , Jensen Hanne Nexø
Published: September 2021

På baggrund af de nye regler om specialeskrivning på 6 måneder undersøger forfatterne konsekvenserne heraf på Institut for Statskundskab, KU, for at svare på følgende fire spørgsmål,som belyser væsentlige sider af forsøget på regulering af tidsforløbet for specialeskrivning: Hvordan er regelændringerne implementeret? Har regelændringerne haft en adfærdsregulerendeeffekt på de studerendes specialeskrivning? Har ændringerne påvirket specialekaraktererne? Og hvad mener specialeskriverne selv om de nye regler? Resultaterne af undersøgelsen viser at de studerende har ændret adfærd, og en langt større andel færdiggør deres speciale hurtigere. Ydermere er der ikke tegn på, at det går ud over kvaliteten af specialerne, når det måles på karaktererne for de afleverede specialer. Det er altså muligt at skrive et godt statskundskabsspeciale på et halvt år. Og tidsrammen på et halvt år til specialeskrivning ser ud tilat have klangbund i de studerendes holdninger.
Kolofon
Authors: Wiberg et al. Merete
Published: September 2021

Kolofon
Brugen af vejlederbrev til universitetsstuderende – en diskussion af dets betydning i vejledningsprocessen
Authors: Laustsen Sussie , Wichmann-Hansen Gitte , Aagaard Hanne , Bahrami Golnosh , Dreyer Pia
Published: September 2021

Siden 2008 har deltagere på Aarhus Universitets (AU) vejledningskurser udarbejdet individuelle vejlederbreve, som de kan anvende i vejledningsprocessen. I artiklen præsenteres en kvantitativ undersøgelse af hvor mange, der anvender vejlederbrevet. Endvidere diskuteres vejlederbrevets potentiale til at fremme relationen i vejledningsprocessen, herunder om vejlederbrevet kan tydeliggøre sammenhænge mellem læringsmål, vurderingskriterier og studerendes læringsaktiviteter.
Undervisermetroen – www.undervisermetro.au.dk
Authors: Bager Lene Tortzen , Jørgensen Peter Stray , Rienecker Lotte
Published: September 2021

Undervisermetroen er et studiemiljøprojekt som udspringer af AU’s Studiemiljøundersøgelse 2011, og har pædagogisk kompetenceudvikling af og mere systematisk viden- og god praksisdeling mellem undervisere som formål. Metroen består af underviserbidrag og er konciperet af Lene Tortzen Bager, Gitte Wichmann-Hansen, CUDiM, og projektstyret, samlet og redigeret af Peter Stray Jørgensen, Lotte Rienecker og webredaktører Charlotte Albrechtsen og Anni Pedersen. Projektet er forlænget og udvikles nu videre i hele 2012. Selve metroen er en blivende resurse. ”Faculty Metro” is one of over 30 study environment projects at the Faculty of Arts, University of Aarhus, to come out of the study environment investigation, 2011. The purpose is development of teaching competencies and a forum for sharing good teaching and learning practices among faculty. The metro lines and stops contain multimodal good practice descriptions produced by faculty, edited by the Humanities department’s Center for Teaching Development and Digital Media. The idea is conceived by Lene Tortzen Bager and Gitte Wichmann-Hansen. Pedagogical and web crew in 2012 are Peter Stray Jørgensen, Lotte Rienecker, Charlotte Albrechtsen and Anni Pedersen. The metro is a permanent resource.
Interaction and learning in PhD supervision – a qualitative study of supervision with multiple supervisors
Authors: Kobayashi Sofie , Grout Brian , Rump Camilla Østerberg
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a case of a single PhD supervision session with multiple supervisors from a life science faculty. The aim is to identify how learning opportunities are created. The supervisors and PhD student were interviewed about their experiences of the supervisory process. The session was analysed using positioning theory. Learning opportunities were created through the diverging voices of the supervisors. This is apparent from the interaction and confirmed in the interviews.Denne artikel omhandler en analyse af en vejledningssituation med flere vejledere fra et naturvidenskabeligt fakultet med det formål at identificere, hvordan der skabes læringsmuligheder gennem vejledningen. Sessionen blev analyseret vha. positioneringsteori, og vejledere og ph.d.-studerende blev efterfølgende interviewet om deres oplevelser af vejledningsforløbet. Læringsmuligheder skabes gennem divergerende stemmer i vejledningen, hvilket blev bekræftet gennem interviews.
Arbejdsmiljø og karriere - to ph.d.-udfordringer
Authors: Bovbjerg Trine , Janfelt Monika , Keller Hanne Dauer
Published: September 2021

Artiklen afrapporterer de erkendelser omkring ph.d.-studerendes arbejdsmiljø og karriereudvikling, som vi har opnået i gennemførelsen af et udviklingsforløb for ph.d.-studerende på fire af landets universiteter i 2012-2013. De ph.d.-studerendes arbejdsmiljø er ikke særligt velbelyst, og igennem en analyse af deltagernes udviklingsplaner og evalueringer af forløbet vil vi pege på 4 karakteristikker ved arbejdsmiljøet: Work-life-balance, dobbelt identiet som både studerende og medarbejder, forventninger og krydspres samt usikre karriereveje. De ph.d.-studerende trives pga. engagementet i deres faglige forskningsprojekt, mens deres udfordringer med arbejds­miljøet primært bunder i kollegiale, ledelsesmæssige og organisatoriske forhold. For at få inspiration til forbedringer af de ph.d.-studerendes arbejdsmiljø foreslås det at anlægge et situeret læringsperspektiv på ph.d.-uddannelsen. Et situeret perspektiv inddrager dele af arbejdsmiljøet som væsentlig faktor for faglig udvikling.    Findings are reported for a development program for PhD students that took place in 2012/2013 at four Danish universities. The focus of the program was doctoral students’ work and career development. To date PhD students’ work environments have not been documented in detail, however, analysis of data collected during the program revealed four areas of concern to doctoral students: Challenges relating to work-life balance, uncertainty over identity relating to status as student and employee, risks associated with the work and uncertainty over career paths. The problems are primarily rooted in collegiate, managerial and organizational issues. In order to identify areas for improvement in the PhD students’ learning process, it is proposed that a situated learning perspective on the PhD programme be adopted.
Coachende vejledning – en dynamisk vejledningsstil
Authors: Molly Asbjørn , Kobayashi Sofie
Published: September 2021

Artiklen bidrager med nogle bud på, hvordan ph.d.-vejledere kan gøre brug af coaching for at fremme en mere smidig og læringsfremmende vejledningsstil gennem en skærpet refleksiv forholden sig til de positioneringer, der opstår i samtalen. Litteraturen om ph.d.-vejledning og vejlederudvikling beskriver vejledningsstil som en relativt statisk størrelse, samtidigt med, at ’god’ ph.d.-vejledning beskrives som evnen til at tilpasse sin stil efter omstændighederne. Ved at benytte begreber fra ledelsesbaseret coaching sættes vejledningsstilen i relation til vejledningsfilosofi og vejledningsteknikker. Dernæst præsenteres en positionsmodel fra coaching som et tankeværktøj til, at vejleder kan bevidstgøre sig om de positioner, der indtages i samtalen. Argumentet er, at denne løbende positionering er udslagsgivende for, hvilken vejledningsstil der udfoldes.  This paper on doctoral supervision proposes how techniques used in coaching can contribute to a more adaptable supervisory style in which the reflective awareness of the positioning that emerges during the supervisory conversation can facilitate learning. Literature about doctoral supervision and supervisor development describes style as relatively static, yet the ‘good’ supervisor is expected to adapt her style to the needs of the supervisee. In this paper we frame supervisory style between supervisory philosophy and supervisory techniques. Then we present a positioning model from coaching, as a thinking tool to raise awareness about the positions one takes and gives in conversation, and which over time form the supervisory style.
Flere ph.d.-studerende med mere international baggrund - hvad betyder det for ph.d.-vejledningen?
Authors: Bøgelund Pia
Published: September 2021

Gennem de senere år er der kommet flere ph.d.-studerende på de danske universiteter samtidig med, at kravene til færdiggørelse og produktivitet er skærpet. En stadig større andel af de ph.d.-studerende har desuden en international baggrund. Hvad betyder disse tendenser for den enkelte vejleder? Det undersøger denne artikel på baggrund af en interviewundersøgelse udført på Det Teknisk-Naturvidenskabelige Fakultet på Aalborg Universitet. 12 erfarne ph.d.-vejledere på tværs af to forskningsprogrammer er blevet interviewet. For de fleste vejledere betyder de ændrede vilkår, at deres vejledningspraksis er under forandring: De tager mere ansvar for projekternes mål og rammer; de strukturerer mere; de bliver mere bevidste om problemstillinger i mødet mellem kulturer; de fokuserer mere på rekruttering og afvikling, og så inddrager de i højere grad end før andre i deres vejledning. Artiklen diskuterer til sidst forskelle på de to forskningsprogrammer og rejser nogle relevante forskningsspørgsmål om konsekvenser for ph.d.-uddannelsen som sådan.  The numbers of PhD students are rising at the same time as demands for productivity and finishing on time are increasing. Additionally there are a growing number of students from international backgrounds on Danish PhD programmes. How do these factors affect the PhD supervisor?  To try and answer this question we interviewed 12 experienced supervisors across two research programmes, based in the Faculty for Technology and Science at Aalborg University, Denmark. The majority of the supervisors noted that they were re-assessing their approach to PhD supervision in light of the changing conditions: they take more responsibility for the goals and the design of the projects; the projects are more structured; they need to be aware of the challenges of cross-cultural encounters; they focus more on recruitment and dismissal and they also involve the rest of their research groups in the supervision to a much greater extent. The paper concludes by discussing the differencies between the two research programmes that participated in the study, and raises questions in relation to contemporary PhD education in general.
Despoblación: dejémonos adoptar por un pueblito bueno
Authors: Sanz Martos Sandra
Published: September 2021

Según el diario.es, en un artículo publicado en febrero de 2019, casi un tercio de la población española vivirá concentrada en Madrid y Barcelona dentro de 15 años. En 2035, el 33% de los españoles vivirá en esas dos ciudades, más Valencia, Zaragoza y Sevilla, según las proyecciones de la ONU. Y en 2050 el 88% de la población española vivirá en el medio urbano, mientras que ahora ese porcentaje no llega al 80%.
The Influence of Demographic Characteristics of Tourist on the Tourist’s Attitudes About the Tourism Product: Case of Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia
Authors: Milićević Snežana , Lakićević Marija , Petrović Jelena
Published: September 2021

The demand for the tourism products is affected by many different factors, such as tourism supply, economic, socio-psychological as well as demographic factors. The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of demographic characteristics on tourist’s attitudes about the tourism product of Vrnjačka Banja. This spa is the most visited tourist destination in Serbia, after the capital city Belgrade, and the most famous spa in the country and the region. The main goal of the paper is to show that demographic characteristics, such as gender, age and level of education of tourists, have a significant impact on the attitudes of tourists about key elements of the tourism product of Vrnjačka Banja. The analysis is based on the application of the ANOVA method. Results indicate that demographic characteristics, such as gender and age have the significant impact on the tourist’s attitudes about some key elements of the tourist’s products.
Vital Elements of the Software Production in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Đokić Nebojša , Đokić Aleksandar , Jovičić Aleksandar
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the software development in Serbia, as a subsection within the IT domain. The objective is to identify and propose the high level government policies which stimulate development and growth of this space. We identify issues and provide recommendations for improvement. First, we examine the number of software developers and forecast its growth based on the increased number of IT graduates. Second, we focus on the workforce formal education and demonstrate that Serbian software developers have similar competency levels compared to the world average. Furthermore, we focus on the legal treatment of the workforce and explain the differences between two models: (1) agency model based on consulting services contracts - this model treats the workforce as entrepreneurs, and the (2) classical model based on employee contracts - this model treats workforce as employees. To conclude the analysis, we provide three main recommendations – the government should: (1) equalize the tax treatment of workforce in the IT sector, (2) motivate expat Serbian IT experts to return to Serbia, and (3) modernize the education system in line with the requirements of the IT sector.
MINTIA: a metagenomic INserT integrated assembly and annotation tool
Authors: Bardou Philippe , Laguerre Sandrine , Maman Haddad Sarah , Legoueix Rodriguez Sabrina , Laville Elisabeth , Dumon Claire , Potocki-Veronese Gabrielle , Klopp Christophe
Published: September 2021

The earth harbors trillions of bacterial species adapted to very diverse ecosystems thanks to specific metabolic function acquisition. Most of the genes responsible for these functions belong to uncultured bacteria and are still to be discovered. Functional metagenomics based on activity screening is a classical way to retrieve these genes from microbiomes. This approach is based on the insertion of large metagenomic DNA fragments into a vector and transformation of a host to express heterologous genes. Metagenomic libraries are then screened for activities of interest, and the metagenomic DNA inserts of active clones are extracted to be sequenced and analysed to identify genes that are responsible for the detected activity. Hundreds of metagenomics sequences found using this strategy have already been published in public databases. Here we present the MINTIA software package enabling biologists to easily generate and analyze large metagenomic sequence sets, retrieved after activity-based screening. It filters reads, performs assembly, removes cloning vector, annotates open reading frames and generates user friendly reports as well as files ready for submission to international sequence repositories. The software package can be downloaded from https://github.com/Bios4Biol/MINTIA.
Life of an Exile
Authors: Chu Ming-kin
Published: September 2021

What kind of impact did social networks of Song literati have on their lives in exile? This paper focuses on Sun Di 孫覿 (1081–1169), a prominent literary figure in the Northern to Southern Song transition, and studies his epistolary writings in connection with his banishment to Xiangzhou 象州 in the years 1133 and 1134. Through an in-depth analysis of the contents of his letters, the paper shows how Sun Di established ties with officials in different localities and how he responded to the humiliation of banishment. I argue that Sun Di’s reputation as a literary stylist among his contemporaries helped him to develop a good rapport with local officials, particularly in the Guangnan West circuit, which was essential to creating a relatively comfortable exile journey and a pleasant life during his confinement. This study highlights the value of letters as historical sources pertaining to Song political and literati culture and sheds light on literati responses to life’s many challenges.