bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of coaches’ interpersonal style on young athletes’ individual resilience and team adherence intention: a season-long investigation
Authors: Llanos-Muñoz Rubén , Pulido Juan J. , Nobari Hadi , Raya-González Javier , López-Gajardo Miguel A.
Published: November 2023

Background

In the sports context, coaches must be able to improve their players physically, psychologically, and socially. Hence, a fundamental part of this process is the athlete’s individual resilience (IR).

Methods

Three hundred and fifteen youth team-sport players (boys: n = 283; Mage = 16.02, SD = 0.56; and girls: n = 32; Mage = 15.92, SD = 0.62) completed the measures of coach’s interpersonal style, individual resilience, perceived performance, and team adherence intention (intention to remain on the same team the following year) twice (Time 1: mid-season; Time 2: end-season). Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between variables.

Results

The results showed that coach support was positively related to IR (p < 0.001) and, in turn, IR to individual (p < 0.01) and team performance (p < 0.05) at Time 1, and to individual performance (p < 0.001) and team adherence intention at Time 2 (p < 0.01). In addition, team performance at Time 2 was positively related to team adherence intention (p < 0.001). Finally, a mediating effect of IR was observed between interpersonal coaching style, individual and team performance, and team adherence intention.

Conclusions

These results show the importance of a supportive interpersonal coaching style to foster athletes’ levels of resilience, which could have positive consequences in performance (individual and team) and team adherence intention.
Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Might Predict the Response to Dupilumab Treatment for Patients with Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Brkic Faris F. , Liu David T. , Rücklinger Iris , Campion Nicholas James , Bartosik Tina Josefin , Vyskocil Erich , Stanek Victoria , Tu Aldine , Gangl Katharina , Schneider Sven
Published: November 2023

Background

Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody against interleukin 4 receptor alpha and has proven to be clinically effective in treating patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, a certain number of patients are non- or partial responders. This study aims to investigate the relevance of inflammatory markers with regard to therapy response to dupilumab in CRSwNP patients.

Methods

All patients with CRSwNP treated with dupilumab at a tertiary healthcare center with available pretreatment inflammatory markers were included. The values of pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were associated with the outcome. Patients were stratified according to the respective median value (> median was considered high). The binary logistic regression was performed with regard to total treatment response (post-treatment total nasal polyp score (NPS) 0).

Results

A total of 65 CRSwNP patients with available pretreatment peripheral blood values were included in the study. The mean pre- and post-treatment total NPS values were 4.3 ± 1.9 and 1.2 ± 1.6, respectively. High PLR (> 131.2) was independently associated with a 3.9-fold higher probability of reaching the NPS value of 0 in the multivariable analysis. On the other hand, High NLR (> 1.9) did not significantly associate with the outcome.

Conclusions

The current study provides insights into the potential positive predictive value of the high PLR (> 131.2) in CRSwNP patients regarding treatment with dupilumab. There is a need for further prospective studies for validation of these results, especially in cohorts of patients with severe CRSwNP.
The morphology of the femoral posterior condyle affects the external rotation of the femur
Authors: Hijikata Hiroki , Tanifuji Osamu , Mochizuki Tomoharu , Sato Takashi , Watanabe Satoshi , Katsumi Ryota , Hokari Sho , Kawashima Hiroyuki
Published: November 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to the external rotation of the femur during knee flexion.

Methods

Three‐dimensional (3D) digital models of the femur and tibia were reconstructed from computed tomography images of 41 healthy Japanese subjects. Thirteen parameters related to femoral and tibial morphology and alignment of the lower extremities were evaluated, including the inclination angle of the posterior lateral and medial femoral condyles, the ratio of the medial and lateral posterior condyle radii approximated as spheres, the spherical condylar angle, the posterior condylar angle, the medial and lateral posterior tibial slope, the difference of medial and lateral posterior tibial slope, the tibiofemoral rotation angle, the 3D femorotibial angle, the 3D hip‐knee‐ankle angle, and the passing point of the weight‐bearing line (medial–lateral and anterior–posterior). The rotation angle of the femur relative to the tibia during squatting was investigated using a 3D to 2D image matching technique and the relationships with the13 parameters were determined.

Results

The femur externally rotated substantially up to 20° of knee flexion (9.2° ± 3.7°) and gently rotated after 20° of knee flexion (12.8° ± 6.2°). The external rotation angle at 20°–120° of knee flexion correlated with the spherical condylar angle, the tibiofemoral rotation angle and the inclination angle of the posterior medial condyles (correlation coefficient; 0.506, 0.364, 0.337, respectively).

Conclusion

The parameter that was most related to the external rotation of the femur during knee flexion was the spherical condylar angle.

Level of Evidence

IV
Ultra-low tidal volume ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation shows no mitigating effect on pulmonary end-organ damage compared to standard ventilation: insights from a porcine model
Authors: Mohnke Katja , Conzelmann Philipp , Renz Miriam , Riedel Julian , Rissel René , Urmann Andrea , Hain Johanna , Duenges Bastian , Ziebart Alexander , Ruemmler Robert
Published: November 2023

Objective

This study aimed to determine whether ultra-low tidal volume ventilation (ULTVV) applied during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) compared with standard ventilation (intermittent positive pressure ventilation, IPPV) can reduce pulmonary end-organ damage in the post-resuscitation period.

Methods

A prospective, randomized trial was conducted using a porcine model (n = 45). The animals were divided into three groups: IPPV, ULTVV, and a sham control group. Juvenile male pigs underwent CPR after inducing ventricular fibrillation and received the designated ventilation intervention [IPPV: tidal volume 6–8 ml per kilogram body weight (ml/kg BW), respiratory rate 10/min, FiO2 1.0; ULTVV: tidal volume 2–3 ml/kg BW, respiratory rate 50/min, FiO2 1.0]. A 20-h observation period followed if return of spontaneous circulation was achieved. Histopathological examination using the diffuse alveolar damage scoring system was performed on postmortem lung tissue samples. Arterial and venous blood gas analyses and ventilation/perfusion measurements via multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET) were repeatedly recorded during the experiment.

Results

Out of the 45 experiments conducted, 28 animals were excluded based on predefined criteria. Histopathological analysis showed no significant differences in lung damage between the ULTVV and IPPV groups. ULTVV demonstrated adequate oxygenation and decarboxylation. MIGET measurements during and after resuscitation revealed no significant differences between the intervention groups.

Conclusion

In the short-term follow-up phase, ULTVV demonstrated similar histopathological changes and functional pulmonary parameters compared to standard ventilation. Further research is needed to investigate the long-term effects and clinical implications of ULTVV in resuscitation settings.
Effect of data harmonization of multicentric dataset in ASD/TD classification
Authors: Serra Giacomo , Mainas Francesca , Golosio Bruno , Retico Alessandra , Oliva Piernicola
Published: November 2023

Machine Learning (ML) is nowadays an essential tool in the analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data, in particular in the identification of brain correlates in neurological and neurodevelopmental disorders. ML requires datasets of appropriate size for training, which in neuroimaging are typically obtained collecting data from multiple acquisition centers. However, analyzing large multicentric datasets can introduce bias due to differences between acquisition centers. ComBat harmonization is commonly used to address batch effects, but it can lead to data leakage when the entire dataset is used to estimate model parameters. In this study, structural and functional MRI data from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) collection were used to classify subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) compared to Typical Developing controls (TD). We compared the classical approach (external harmonization) in which harmonization is performed before train/test split, with an harmonization calculated only on the train set (internal harmonization), and with the dataset with no harmonization. The results showed that harmonization using the whole dataset achieved higher discrimination performance, while non-harmonized data and harmonization using only the train set showed similar results, for both structural and connectivity features. We also showed that the higher performances of the external harmonization are not due to larger size of the sample for the estimation of the model and hence these improved performance with the entire dataset may be ascribed to data leakage. In order to prevent this leakage, it is recommended to define the harmonization model solely using the train set.
Antilithiatic effect of Triticum aestivum against sodium oxalate-induced lithiasis in rat model
Authors: Sayed Amany A.
Published: November 2023

Background

The present study pointed to evaluate the role ofTriticum aestivumethanolic extract (TAEE) in prophylactic and curative regimens on sodium oxalate (NaOx)-prompted lithiasis. Forty-eight rats were divided into the following regimen’s group (24 rats/regimen). Groups I, II, III, and IV served as prophylactic groups and divided as: group I is a vehicle control received 5% DMSO (vehicle). All the remaining groups received NaOx (70 mg/kg b.wt; i.p.). Group II is NaOx lithiatic group, groups III and IV received TAEE and cystone prophylactically at doses of 500 and 750 mg/kg b.wt, respectively, since 1st day to 7th day of lithiasis stimulation. Groups V, VI, VII, and VIII served as curative groups that divided as the prophylactic ones but TAEE and cystone administered from 7th day to 14th day of lithiasis stimulation.

Results

Lithiatic rats co-/post-treated with TAEE and cystone raised the urinary volume significantly. Also, TAEE showed modulatory effect in inhibiting and curative stone creation. Significant decreases were observed in the calcium and phosphate contents in urine or serum beside the increased magnesium value in lithiatic rats co-/post-treated with TAEE. TAEE significantly ameliorates the kidney function markers, which proposes its antilithiatic role. Moreover, lithiatic rats co-/post-treated with TAEE significantly diminished oxidative injury evoked by NaOx.

Conclusions

TAEE has antilithiatic role that may be returned to its diuretic and antioxidant activity in addition to its bioactive components including ferulic acid and phytic acid that have the inhibitory properties on crystallization calcium oxalate by lowering the content of stone promotor constituents.
Systematic review and research agenda for the tourism and hospitality sector: co-creation of customer value in the digital age
Authors: Dang T. D. , Nguyen M. T.
Published: November 2023

The tourism and hospitality industries are experiencing transformative shifts driven by the proliferation of digital technologies facilitating real-time customer communication and data collection. This evolution towards customer value co-creation demands a paradigm shift in management attitudes and the adoption of cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and the Metaverse. A systematic literature review using the PRISMA method investigated the impact of customer value co-creation through the digital age on the tourism and hospitality sector. The primary objective of this review was to examine 27 relevant studies published between 2012 and 2022. Findings reveal that digital technologies, especially AI, Metaverse, and related innovations, significantly enhance value co-creation by allowing for more personalized, immersive, and efficient tourist experiences. Academic insights show the exploration of technology’s role in enhancing travel experiences and ethical concerns, while from a managerial perspective, AI and digital tools can drive industry success through improved customer interactions. As a groundwork for progressive research, the study pinpoints three pivotal focal areas for upcoming inquiries: technological, academic, and managerial. These avenues offer exciting prospects for advancing knowledge and practices, paving the way for transformative changes in the tourism and hospitality sectors.
Clinical Characteristics of Malignant Phosphaturic Mesenchymal Tumor Causing Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Abate Veronica , Vergatti Anita , De Filippo Gianpaolo , Damiano Vincenzo , Menale Ciro , D’Elia Lanfranco , Rendina Domenico
Published: November 2023

Context

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome usually caused by oversecretion of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) from a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT). PMTs are usually benign neoplasms but some of them show malignant characteristics.

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of benign and malignant PMTs inducing TIO.

Methods

On March 31, 2023, we performed a systematic review of individual patient data analysis in Medline, Google Scholar, Google book, and Cochrane Library using the terms “tumor induced osteomalacia,” “oncogenic osteomalacia,” “hypophosphatemia,” with no language restrictions and according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria.

Results

Overall, we collected data from 837 patients with TIO in which the diagnosis of benign and malignant PMT was specified. Of them, 89 were affected by malignant PMT and 748 by benign PMT. Patients with malignant PMTs were younger and presented bone pain, functional impairment, and bone deformities more frequently. Malignant PMTs showed higher values of intact FGF23 and a higher mortality rate.

Conclusion

The study results identify the clinical characteristics of patients with malignant TIO, permitting the early identification of patients with PMT at increased risk of malignancy. This may significantly improve the diagnostic approach to disease. Further experimental studies are mandatory to clarify the role of FGF23 in the pathogenesis of malignancy in PMTs.
Surgery as a Principle and Technical Consideration for Primary Tumor Resection of Small Bowel Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Søreide Kjetil , Stättner Stefan , Hallet Julie
Published: November 2023

Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors (SB-NETs) are increasingly identified and have become the most frequent entity among small bowel tumors. An increasing incidence, a high prevalence, and a prolonged survival with optimal modern multidisciplinary management makes SB-NETs a unique set of tumors to consider for surgical oncologists. The major goals of surgical treatment in the setting of SB-NET include control of tumor volume, control of endocrine secretion, and prevention of locoregional complications. Key considerations include assessment of multifocality and resection of mesenteric nodal masses with the use of mesenteric-sparing approaches and acceptance of R1 margins if necessary to clear disease while avoiding short bowel syndrome. A description through eight steps for consideration is presented to allow for systematic surgical planning and execution of resection. Moreover, some controversies and evolving considerations to the surgical principles and technical procedures remain. The role of primary tumor resection in the presence of (unresectable) liver metastasis is still unclear. Reports of feasibility of minimally invasive surgery are emerging, with undetermined selection criteria for appropriateness or long-term outcomes. Resection of SB-NETs should be considered in all patients fit for surgery and should follow principles to achieve surgical oncological control that is appropriate for the stage and tumor burden, considering the age and comorbidity of the individual patient.
The causative factors of psychological distress and mental ill-health among ICU nurses during the pandemic
Authors: Alsalim Amna , Rylance-Graham Rebecca
Published: November 2023

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had a global impact on health systems and health professionals. Nurses, particularly those working in intensive care units (ICUs), held a central critical role in the care of COVID-19 patients, facing numerous challenges in the delivery of care, leading to significant psychological and mental health issues. This article reports on findings from a qualitative narrative review of the literature related to psychological ill-being and mental health of ICU nurses' during the pandemic. Four key themes emerged: (1) isolation (2) workload (3) clinical preparedness and lack of protocols and (4) fear.
Altered pathophysiology in common neurological conditions
Authors: Hill Barry , Peate Ian
Published: November 2023

This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology of several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, stroke and migraine. For each condition, the article highlights key changes that occur in the brain and how these changes contribute to the development and progression of the condition.
The importance of NHS patient safety lesson learning
Authors: Tingle John
Published: November 2023

John Tingle, Lecturer in Law, Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, discusses the importance of learning from previous patient safety adverse events and the introduction of Martha's Rule
Striking the right balance
Authors: Foster Sam
Published: November 2023

Sam Foster, Executive Director of Professional Practice, Nursing and Midwifery Council, reflects on the need to consider the impact on the wellbeing of professionals of fitness-to-practise processes
Evaluating the efficacy of a programme to educate nurses on CLABSI linked to total parenteral nutrition administration
Authors: Gaur Aditi , Natha Hepsi
Published: November 2023

Background:

There is a major need to improve the knowledge and practice of critical care nurses in India regarding central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), which is a serious potential complication of total parenteral nutrition (TPN).

Objectives:

To develop and validate a skills competency programme; assess knowledge and practice of critical care nurses regarding prevention of CLABSI due to TPN administration; evaluate the effectiveness of the programme; find correlation between knowledge and practice scores.

Design:

Quasi-experimental: non-equivalent pre-test post-test design.

Settings:

Two hospitals in Meerut, India.

Participants:

80 nurses (40 in the control group in one hospital, 40 in the experimental group in another hospital). Inclusion criteria: staff nurses from critical care units only, who were present at the time of data collection and willing to participate. Exclusion criteria: staff nurses with <6 months' work experience.

Method:

Knowledge was assessed using a structured knowledge questionnaire and interpretation scoring. To assess practice, the OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) method was used with four stations and interpretation scoring. The skills-competency programme was delivered to the experimental group only. The post test was conducted with both groups.

Results:

The post-test knowledge and practice scores in the control group were: mean=12.55; SD=2.57 and mean=21.82; SD= 5.13 respectively. In the experimental group, the post-test knowledge and practice scores were: mean=23.75; SD=1.75 and mean=38.9; SD=2.02 respectively. The unpaired t-test in post-test knowledge between the control and experimental groups was t=22.78, with P=0.0001 at df 39, 0.05 level of significance, 95% CI; for post-test practice the results were, t=19.59, with P=0.0001 at df 39, 0.05 level of significance, 95% CI. Correlation between post-test knowledge and the practice score was r=0.7 (P<0.05), 95% CI.

Conclusion:

There was a significant difference in post-test knowledge and practice scores, therefore, the skills competency programme was effective. It also highlighted areas that institutions should focus on for effective training and professional development programmes.
Targeting malnutrition in patients with COPD in the community
Authors: Wilson Neil , Turner Sam
Published: November 2023

The number of individuals living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing, but nutritional care can be inconsistent, especially in those with stable COPD. Historically, poor appetite and weight loss have been considered the norm during the progression of COPD into the later stage. However, it is imperative that nutritional assessment, support and management is undertaken from diagnosis, because malnutrition can lead to exacerbations of COPD and increased hospitalisation. Poor nutrition in individuals with COPD has been shown to predict an increase in mortality and with the care of patients taking place principally in the community, the nutritional aspects of care should be assessed, monitored and managed, in accordance with the latest guidance. The lack of a nutritional Quality Outcome Framework indicator for COPD can leave nutrition overlooked, but evidence shows that screening, assessment and planning can have an overall positive impact.
Beyond binaries? A call for improved understanding of diverse identities of social work students and practitioners
Authors: Maglajlic Reima Ana , Sen Robin , Stevens O
Published: November 2023

This article reports on an exploratory study in the UK on the experiences of social work practitioners and students whose minoritised identities may not be obvious to those they interact with in work and university settings. Study is relevant because people increasingly identify in ways that fall outside singular demographic categories and because there is a dearth of research on their experiences to date. Analysis of the qualitative survey data identifies three overarching themes: experiences of misrecognition and prejudice; fears of being out; and ease with ‘passing’ (successfully presenting oneself in a socially favoured identity rather than an ‘authentic’ one) and ‘code-switching’ (altering language, behaviour or appearance so that it conforms to hegemonic societal and cultural norms). While a small-scale study, experiences of the surveyed practitioners and students provide important illustrations of their ongoing fears about revealing their authentic identities, despite the broader professional commitment to anti-oppressive and anti-discriminatory practice.
Upconversion of infrared light by graphitic micro-particles due to photo-induced structural modification
Authors: Dhakal Ashim , Sharma Rohin , Maharjan Rijan , Bhattarai Nishma , Woods Lilia , Ojha Nirajan
Published: November 2023

Recent reports of upconversion and white light emission from graphitic particles warrant an explanation of the physics behind the process. We offer a model, wherein the upconversion is facilitated by
photo-induced electronic structure modification allowing for multi-photon processes. As per the prediction of the model, we experimentally show that graphite upconverts infrared light centered around 1.31 μm to broadband
white light centered around 0.85 μm. Our results suggest that upconversion from shortwave infrared (∼3 μm) to visible region may be possible. Our experiments show that the population dynamics of the electronic states involved in this upconversion process occur in the timescale of milliseconds.
Selling Europe to the World: The Rise of the Luxury Industry, 1980–2020, Pierre Yves Donze (2023)
Authors: Arrington Deidra W.
Published: November 2023

Review of: Selling Europe to the World: The Rise of the Luxury Industry, 1980–2020, Pierre Yves Donze (2023)

London: Bloomsbury Visual Arts, 166 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-35033-578-3, p/bk, $29.95
‘Teddy boy, he’s got them all’: An interview with Ted Carroll about Rock On, Chiswick and Ace Records
Authors: Connerty Michael
Published: November 2023

Growing up in Ireland, Ted Carroll came of age during the rock ’n’ roll boom of the late 1950s, and ultimately moved to London where he set up the Rock On record stall near Portobello Market in 1971. Rock On, which later opened as a shop in Camden, would play a huge role in the underground music scene throughout the 1970s and 1980s, and the record label that grew out of it, Chiswick Records, was one of the first independent labels in the United Kingdom to release punk records by a number of key bands. Carroll and his partners would go on to expand and diversify their output, particularly on the enduringly successful reissue label, Ace. Carroll has opened a new Rock On shop in the last year, and here discusses collecting, punk rock and independent labels with Michael Connerty.
Conspicuous co-optation: Exploring the subculture and pop culture connection at Gainesville’s Fest
Authors: Bernhard Ellen
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this study is to understand the subcultural and commercial overlap that exists in the physical signifiers conspicuously co-opted by attendees and artists at Fest, a punk rock festival held in Gainesville, Florida. Contemporary punk rock does not exist in an insular space, shielded from the influences of popular culture, current events and mass media. Rather, this intersection of subculture and popular culture offers valuable perspective on how punk fans’ relationship to commercial culture remains a significant influence in this space today. This participant observation study investigates the co-opted and reinvented signifiers evident in this subcultural space at the 2022 festival, looking at a range of festival elements such as band merchandise and performances as evidence of this phenomenon.
An analysis of critical success factors for product-service systems in an emerging economy
Authors: Beuren Fernanda Hänsch , Ferreira Marcelo Gitirana Gomes , Moro Suzana Regina , Cauchick-Miguel Paulo Augusto
Published: November 2023

Goal: To identify and analyze critical success factors (CSF) related to product-service system (PSS) use and implementation.
Design / Methodology / Approach: Firstly, CSF were identified in literature and grouped in three PSS dimensions: (i) offering, (ii), consumer, and (iii) provider. Secondly, a questionnaire was applied to scholars to assess and prioritize those factors through field research. Finally, hypotheses were formulated and statistically verified through Kolmogorov-Smirnov  tests.
Results: There is an agreement between the expert assessment and the literature on PSS. For instance, life-cycle perspective and PSS cost-benefit needed to be considered since PSS design. However, there are some contingencies about the product dematerialization, as well as to the reduction of environmental impacts.
Limitations of the investigation: The CSF were prioritized by the assessment of a limited number of scholars and practitioners from an emerging economy.
Practical implications: The CSF of PSS identified and prioritized in this work can offer directions the academics and practitioners, which intend to implement a PSS business model to establish and improve their practices.
Originality / Value: PSS is currently considered an alternative to mitigate environmental impacts since one of its purposes is consumption towards dematerialization. Although the concept of PSS has evolved in the past years, the literature is scarce of publications discussing the CSF that could favor its implementation, especially in developing countries.
P2X7 accelerate tissue fibrosis via metalloproteinase 8‐dependent macrophage infiltration in a murine model of unilateral ureteral obstruction
Authors: Therkildsen Jacob Rudjord , Tingskov Stine Julie , Jensen Michael Schou , Praetorius Helle , Nørregaard Rikke
Published: November 2023

Renal fibrosis is tightly associated with chronic kidney disease, irrespective of the underlying pathogenesis. We previously demonstrated mild antifibrotic effects of targeting the P2X7 receptor in a pyelonephritis model. Reduced P2X7R‐activation elevated the neutrophil‐to‐macrophage ratio, resulting in less matrix accumulation without affecting the initial tissue healing. Here, we test if this P2X7R‐dependent modification of matrix accumulation also applies to a noninfectious fibrosis model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (7dUUO) and whether the response is gender‐dependent. We found that P2X7−/− mice show reduced fibrosis compared to wild type after 7dUUO: the effect was most pronounced in females, with a 55% decrease in collagen deposition after 7dUUO (p < 0.0068). P2X7R deficiency did not affect early fibrosis markers (TGF‐β, α‐SMA) or the renal infiltration of neutrophils. However, a UUO‐induced increase in macrophages was observed in wildtypes only (p < 0.001), leaving the P2X7−/− mice with ≈50% fewer CD68+ cells in the renal cortex (p = 0.018). In males, 7dUUO triggered an increase in diffusely interstitial scattering of the profibrotic, macrophage‐attracting metalloproteinase MMP8 and showed significantly lower MMP8 tissue expression in both male and female P2X7−/− mice (p < 0.0008). Thus, the P2X7R is advocated as a late‐stage fibrosis moderator by reducing neutrophil‐dependent interstitial MMP8 release, resulting in less macrophage infiltration and reduced matrix accumulation.
The medical treatment exclusion in Asia’s patent legislation
Authors: Adachi Kiyoshi
Published: November 2023

This study examines the variations within Asia of how Article 27.3(a) of the WTO Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the TRIPS Agreement), allowing Parties to remove from patentability diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical methods for the treatment of humans and animals, is implemented. The medical treatment exclusion is one of several important provisions in the TRIPS Agreement that are designed to support domestic public health objectives and countries’ overall scientific and technological aspirations. Examples of this exclusion in the respective patent policies of South, Southeast and East Asia countries and territories are examined, and peculiarities in the variations among countries in these sub-regions are identified. While most jurisdictions in the data set incorporated some form of a medical treatment exclusion, variations were found in how the exclusion is implemented, the rationale given for excluding medical treatments, and the scope of the exclusion.
Eigenvalue-curve approach for fast assessment of rotor angle transient stability
Authors: Wolter Martin , Glende Eric
Published: November 2023

The phase-out of nuclear and coal-based electricity production and their replacement by power-electronics based renewable energy sources, especially in Germany, leads to more and faster power system dynamics. Anyway, not all European countries plan to abandon bulk power generation, so there will still be a mix of inverter-based sources and synchronous machines in the future, justifying the necessity of rotor angle stability analysis. This task grows with the number of assets. It requires to numerically solve a large set of ordinary differential equations which gets more and more challenging to do in real-time during contingency analysis in power system operation. Therefore, this paper introduces a new approach to quickly estimate the transient stability of rotor angles without the need of solving differential equations. It is based on a linearized system description, some assumptions on the rotor angle displacement and uses the fault location and duration as parameters. It is proven, that this approach can be used to reduce the number of contingencies which need to be analyzed in detail during system operation and therefore helps transmission system operators to keep the power system stable and secure.
The Domestication of International Law in African Settings: Seven Normative Options in Ghana
Authors: Dei-Tutu Sena , Atuguba Raymond A
Published: November 2023

In this article, we explore seven ways in which Ghana absorbs principles of International Law into her bosom. The safest mechanism Ghana has utilised over the years for this purpose has been the domestic ratification of international conventions through the mechanism of a law passed by her Parliament. Another mechanism is the ratification of such conventions by the passage of a Resolution by her Parliament. Furthermore, existing principles of Ghanaian law may coincide with principles of International Law. Again, principles of Customary International Law are considered a part of the Common Law of Ghana. There are also instances where Domestic Law incorporates International Law by reference. A sixth mechanism is where there is a lacuna in Ghanaian law regarding a particular issue and government officials and judges resort to principles of International Law to fill that void. Finally, International Law may find expression in domestic Ghanaian law where judges, in the process of elaborating on domestic legal principles, call in the principles of International Law.
Music and Storytelling at Rock Art Sites? The Archaeoacoustics of the Urkosh Area (Russian Altai)
Authors: Díaz-Andreu Margarita , Rozwadowski Andrzej , Pasalodos Raquel Jiménez , Santos da Rosa Neemias , Benítez-Aragón Daniel , Alvarez-Morales Lidia
Published: November 2023

In this article, the potential of archaeoacoustics for understanding past communities is discussed by looking at a range of acoustic parameters. Our case study is the Urkosh rock art area in the Ongudai district, Republic of Altai (Russia). The rock art of this area dates possibly from the Upper Palaeolithic and definitely from the Early Bronze Age (second half of the third millennium BCE). There are important periods in the Early Iron Age (first half of the first millennium BCE) and the medieval era, after which there are later additions up to the present day. Major and minor sites were tested, as well as some with no art. The results obtained from the tests conducted using the impulse response method indicate high values for sound clarity not only in the rock art sites but also in at least one nearby panel without rock art. Although these results cannot explain why rock art was produced precisely in specific locations, they objectively describe the acoustic conditions under which particular intangible cultural practices were probably organised in them. In particular we focus on storytelling and music, cultural practices for which there is a wealth of information in the ethnographic sources written about the area.
FIB4 score is increased in severe preeclampsia
Authors: Özer Serdar , Güneş Hakan , Özer Alev
Published: November 2023

Objectives

This study aims to investigate how the fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4) is altered in preeclampsia and whether the FIB-4 score differs with respect to the severity of preeclampsia and the presence of fetal and maternal adverse outcomes.

Methods

One hundred and forty-two patients with mild preeclampsia (34.6 %), one hundred and ninety patients who have preeclampsia with severe features (46.2 %), and 79 healthy pregnant controls (19.2 %) were included in the study. Fetal adverse outcomes occurred in 40.1 %, and maternal adverse outcomes only appeared as neurological symptoms in 20.5 % of the preeclampsia patients.

Results

Healthy controls had significantly lower FIB-4 scores than women with mild preeclampsia, and women with mild preeclampsia had significantly lower FIB-4 scores than women who had preeclampsia with severe features (respectively 0.58±0.29 vs. 0.68±0.44 vs. 1.93±4.92, p=0.003). The FIB-4 scores of preeclampsia patients with neurologic symptoms and preeclampsia patients with fetal adverse events were found to be similar to preeclampsia patients who did not have these problems. In ROC curve analysis, FIB-4 scores ≥0.758 indicated the presence of neurologic symptoms in preeclampsia patients, with a sensitivity of 0.66 and a specificity of 0.66 (p=0.004).

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to establish the FIB-4 scores of preeclampsia patients and determine if FIB-4 scores change with respect to maternal and fetal adverse outcomes. Our findings suggest that FIB-4 might be used to predict pregnancies destined to be complicated with preeclampsia and preeclampsia patients who are more likely to experience maternal and fetal adverse outcomes.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and osteoprotegerin levels as an indicator and diagnostic predictor of endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Hatiboglu Songül , Yanar Fatih , Ozturk Alper , Basar Yılmaz , Aydogan Mehmet , Ozkok Elif , Demirel Seref , Salmayenli Nihal
Published: November 2023

Objectives

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) modifies many cellular processes that contribute to atherosclerosis. The increased concentrations of osteoprotegerin (OPG) are related with coronary artery disease, calcification in vascular tissue, advanced atherosclerosis, and diabetic complications has been informed. The aim of our study was to define the relation among PPAR-γ Pro12Ala and, OPG and PPAR-γ in Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) and hypertension (HT). Also, it was aim to investigate the relationship between flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in HT and ankle brachial index (ABI) in PVD in terms of endothelial dysfunction (ED).

Methods

Fifty-four patients with HT, 47 with PVD, and 52 healthy for the controls were included. Blood samples were used for analyzing PPAR-γ and OPG by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and biochemical assays. The PPAR-γ Pro12Ala was examined using TaqMan with PrimerProbMix. p value less than 0.05 was accepted as the limit of significance.

Results

The PPAR-γ was significantly decreased in both HT and PVD (p<0.001). The serum concentrations of OPG were higher in HT (p<0.001) and increased in diabetic ones (p<0.05). CG genotype of PPAR-γ Pro12Ala was more frequent in HT patients (p<0.001). In the HT patients, increased OPG and decreased PPAR-γ were found in CC (p<0.001). In the PVD patients, PPAR-γ levels decreased in carrying with CC (p<0.05).

Conclusions

It may be significant that increased OPG, as a marker of endothelial dysfunction, is found in HT. Moreover, decreased PPAR-γ in those who have to carry CC may be protective in both HT and PVD.
Relationship between nutritional status and mortality in hospitalized children aged 1-59 months in the pediatric department of the CHU of Parakou (CHU-P) from 2018 to 2020
Authors: A Noudamadjo , MG Kpanidja , Mohamed F Agbeille , M Affo , JD Adédémy , J Agossou
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Malnutrition is directly or indirectly associated with the death of children under 5 years of age in half of the cases. The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between pathological nutritional status and mortality in hospitalized children aged 1 to 59 months in the pediatric department of the CHU-P in Benin from 2018 to 2020.
Prospective Management of Isqate Ehtemali (Threatened Abortion) - A Systematic Review Analysis
Authors: Raza Aysha , K Tabassum
Published: November 2023

In Unani System of Medicine Threatened abortion is called Isqat Ehtemali and Ajhaze manzar are the Arabic vernacular of Threatened abortion. It is defined as vaginal bleeding before 20 weeks gestational age in the setting of a positive urine and/or blood pregnancy test with a closed cervical os, without passage of products of conception and without evidence of a fetal or embryonic demise. In unani system of medicine Plants have been used extensively in unani system of medicine to maintain the health of female reproductive system. These have been used mostly in combination or monotherapy. Much of the scientific interest has been directed towards prevention of abortion. The herbs often used in the prevention of threatened abortion are Ashok chal, Mazu, Mayan etc. This review paper highlighted on unani concept of Threatened abortion, its prevention and management with unani medicine.
Is it necessary to monitor any degree of hemoptysis in childhood?
Authors: Barreiro Carballo Laura , Fernandez Eire Pilar , Juan Mañas Uxó Jorge , García Fontan Eva , Concheiro Guisan Ana
Published: November 2023

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the lung is a very rare tumor in childhood. We present the clinical case of an 11-year-old boy who came to the emergency room due to very mild hemoptysis that lasted a few hours, without other symptoms or signs associated. The rapid onset of hypovolemic shock forced us to perform an urgent thoracotomy. A large tumor with uncontrollable bleeding was found and a right pneumonectomy was performed.
Hybrid template directed hydrothermal synthesis of MCM-41 silicas with surface silanol and 3-chloropropyl groups
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Roik N. V. , Trofymchuk I. M. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Belyakova L. O. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Oranska O. I. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

Silicas of MCM-41‑type with reactive functional groups are widely used as starting substrates in large variety of post‑synthetic chemical modification pathways. Therefore, variation of their structural characteristics in the process of templated sol‑gel synthesis or post-synthetic treatment is of great importance. The aim of this work was to elucidate the influence of template agent selection on structural features of MCM-41‑type materials with surface silanol and 3‑chloropropyl groups. For this purpose, template-assisted sol-gel condensation of structure forming silanes (tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3‑chloropropyltriethoxysilane) was carried out in the presence of decyltrimethylammonium bromide as structure-directing agent. The capability of cyclic oligosaccharide (β-cyclodextrin) to interact with surfactant micelles in the process of hydrothermal sol-gel synthesis and to influence the formation of mesoporous structure of silica materials was studied. The IR spectroscopy was applied to carry out control under the complete removal of template moieties from pores by extraction procedure and to confirm introduction of 3‑chloropropyl groups into the surface layer of synthesized silicas. Arrangement of mesoscale pores and structural parameters were estimated from the results of X‑ray diffraction and low-temperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen. It has been found that β‑cyclodextrin as component of hybrid template has positive effect on porous structure of 3-chloropropyl-functionalized MCM-41-type silica causing increase of surface area accompanied with preservation of pore ordering. Moreover, both ionic surfactant and oligosaccharide components of hybrid template act as porogens during sol-gel condensation of structure forming silanes enable to prepare silica materials with micro-mesoporosity. Proposed approach can be useful in synthesis of MCM‑41‑type silicas with surface linker groups and controlled structural characteristics (pore size, geometry and ordering), which have great potential as substrates in design of sophisticated materials.
Adsorption of various compounds onto nanooxides unmodified and differently pretreated
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Gun'ko V. M. , Matkovsky O. K. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: November 2023

Features of interfacial adsorbate/adsorbent phenomena depend on several factors: particulate morphology, texture, and structure of adsorbents, molecular weight, shape, and polarity of adsorbates; as well as prehistory of adsorbents pretreated under different conditions. All these factors could affect the efficiency of practical applications of not only adsorbents but also polymer fillers, carriers, catalysts, etc. Interactions of nonpolar nitrogen, hexane, benzene, weakly polar acetonitrile, and polar diethylamine, triethylamine, and water with individual (silica, alumina), binary (silica/alumina (SA)) and ternary (alumina/silica/titania, AST) nanooxides were studied using experimental and theoretical methods to elucidate the influence of the morphological and textural characteristics and surface composition of the materials on the adsorption phenomena. The specific surface area SX / ratio (X is an adsorbate) changes from 0.7 for hexane adsorbed onto amorphous silica/alumina SA8 with 8 wt. % Al2O3 (degassed at 200 °C) to 1.9 for acetonitrile adsorbed onto pure fumed alumina (treated at 900 °C). These changes are relatively large because of variations in orientation, lateral interactions, and adsorption compressing of organic molecules interacting with surfaces characterized by certain set and amounts of various active sites, as well as due to changes in the accessibility of pore surface for probe molecules of different sizes. Larger SX / > 1 values are observed for complex fumed oxides with larger primary nanoparticles, greater surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and Brønsted and Lewis acidity of a surface. Both polar and nonpolar adsorbates can change the morphology and texture of aggregates of oxide nanoparticles, e.g., swelling of structures, compacted during various pretreatments, upon the adsorption of liquids. The studied effects should be considered upon practical applications of adsorbents, especially “soft” fumed oxides.
In silico screening for anti-Zika Virus compounds from Eclipta prostrata by molecular docking
Authors: Ho Thien-Hoang , Nguyen Thi Uyen-Thanh , Quan Quoc-Dang , Nguyen Thi Kim-Tuyen , H. D. Nguyen Trang , Bui Dinh-Thach
Published: November 2023

Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the flavivirus family, and infection with ZIKV can lead to microcephaly, neurological issues like Guillain-Barré syndrome, and other birth defects. Zika virus can cause serious complications during pregnancy, such as delivery complications and pregnancy problems. It can also lead to severe illnesses, including swelling of the brain and spinal cord, as well as bleeding disorders. The Zika virus gained worldwide attention during the pandemic in Brazil, which led to extensive research efforts to discover effective and safe anti-Zika virus therapies. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of several bioactive compounds of plant origin against ZIKV NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) (PDB ID: 5WZ3 and 5U04), ZIKV NS3 helicase (NS3h) (PDB ID: 5JRZ), Human tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (Axl Receptor) (PDB ID: 2C5D), and human Axl Kinase (PDB ID: 5U6B). Fifty-three compounds from Eclipta prostrata (L.) were selected for screening based on the molecular docking method. The findings showed that these compounds inhibit ZIKV infection with high values of bond strength and free binding energy. AutoDock Vina results indicated that ecliptasaponin A exhibited the highest score value of -8.6 kcal/mol against the human Axl receptor, while eclalbasaponin I had the highest score value of -9.6 kcal/mol against ZIKV-NS2h. Additionally, echinocystic acid demonstrated the highest score value of -10.0 kcal/mol against ZIKV-NS5-RdRp (PDB: 5U04), while ursolic acid had the highest score of -9.9 kcal/mol against Axl kinase. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that ecliptasaponin, α-amyrin, ecliptasaponin A, and ursolic acid all had the highest score value of -9.9 kcal/mol against ZIKV-NS5-RdRp (PDB: 5WZ3). ADME prediction study found that echinocystic acid, eclalbasaponin I, and ecliptasaponin A have inhibitory abilities and are highly pharmacologically active, while α-amyrin and ursolic acid showed no results. However, all five substances are insoluble and lack optimal saturation, making oral absorption limited. These results in silico demonstrated that the bioactive compound from E. prostrata exhibited strong potential for developing inhibitory drugs against Zika virus.