bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of polysaccharides fixed to Gram stained slides using lactophenol cotton blue and digital image processing
Authors: Ericksen Bryan
Published: December 2017

Dark blue rings and circles emerged when the non-specific polysaccharide stain lactophenol cotton blue was added to Gram stained slides. The dark blue staining is attributable to the presence of capsular polysaccharides and bacterial slime associated with clumps of Gram-negative bacteria.  Since all bacterial cells are glycosylated and concentrate polysaccharides from the media, the majority of cells stain light blue. The contrast between dark and light staining is sufficient to enable a digital image processing thresholding technique to be quantitative with little background noise. Prior to the addition of lactophenol cotton blue, the Gram-stained slides appeared unremarkable, lacking ubiquitous clumps or stained polysaccharides.  Adding lactophenol cotton blue to Gram stained slides is a quick and inexpensive way to screen cell cultures for bacterial slime, clumps and biofilms that are invisible using the Gram stain alone.
CILIARY ACTIVITY OF BRONCHIAL EPITHELIUM UNDER EXPERIMENTAL COLD EXPOSURE IN VITRO
Authors: Одиреев Андрей , Odireev Andrey , Килимченко Ксения , Kilimchenko Kseniya , Безруков Николай , Bezrukov Nikolay , Наумов Денис , Naumov Denis , Карапетян Елена , Karapetyan Elena , Колосов Виктор , Kolosov Viktor , Чжоу Сян Дун , Chzhou Xiangdong , Ли Ци , Li Ci , Перельман Юлий , Perelman Yuliy
Published: December 2017

To date, the role of dysfunction of the bronchial ciliated epithelium (BCE) in the formation of mucociliary disorders during cold exposure has not been fully established. The aim of the study was to investigate the nature and severity of changes in the ciliary motility of the BCE under the influence of a cold stimulus in vitro. Ten volunteers with asthma underwent a bronchoscopy with biopsy of the lobar bronchus mucosa. The biopsy specimens were placed in a Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) on a slide, located on the thermal stage, used to simulate the effect of various temperature on the BCE. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF, Hz) was recorded using a microscope, high-sensitivity digital camera and computer with specially developed software. The initial recording of CBF was performed at 24ºC, after which the temperature of HBSS was gradually increased to physiological level and repeated recording was made at the control points (28ºC and 36ºC). Then, the temperature of the solution was lowered and CBF was registered again at 28ºC, 21ºC and 17ºC. The initial CBF of the BCE varied from 6.74 to 3.77 Hz with average of 5.25±1.48 Hz (M±m). There was a statistically significant increase in CBF when the solution was heated: at 28ºC it was 6.33±1.36 Hz (p=0.004) and remained at this level up to 36ºC – 7.14±1.33 Hz (p=0.002). A gradual decrease in the solution temperature produced a reduction in CBF in comparison with the physiological conditions: 28ºC – 6.12±1.31 Hz (p=0.121), 21ºC – 5.27±1.32 Hz (p=0.001) and 17ºC – 3.95±1.18 Hz (p=0.0001). By the end of the experiment, CBF of the BCE decreased almost 2-fold in comparison with the physiological conditions. A mathematical model that characterizes the behavior of BCE cilia under cold stress was developed. Thus, the results of the study demonstrate a marked decrease in the motor activity of the BCE cilia under cold stress, which underlines a significant contribution of the functional disturbance of BCE to the pathophysiological mechanisms of hypersecretory disorders induced by inhalation of cold air.
ECG of the month
Authors: Richley Dave
Published: December 2017

Dave Richley presents an ECG for you to analyse
Living with heart failure: Karachi exploratory study
Authors: Gowani Ambreen , Gul Raisa , Dhakam Sajid , Kurji Nadia
Published: December 2017

Background:

Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospitalisation among older people. It is one of the most debilitating chronic illnesses that severely affect patients' quality of life (QoL) by reducing their physiological as well as psychological capacities. The experiences of patients with HF from Western countries are well-highlighted in the literature, while there is a gap regarding the lived experiences of patients with HF in developing countries. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the experiences of patients living with heart failure in developing countries such as Pakistan.

Methods:

Using the phenomenological approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with eight patients living with HF, encompassing variation in their age, gender, income, educational status and level of self-care. The content of the interview was analysed using steps from Morse and Niehaus.

Results:

The analysis of patients' narratives revealed four major themes: being restrained by the illness; fear of uncertainty; challenging adaptation to health-deviated needs; and role of the healthcare system in self-care.

Conclusion:

HF imposes limitations upon all dimensions of life owing to its worsening nature. However, in a developing country, the problem is further intensified by the constraints of the healthcare system. Therefore, ways to support patients with HF in developing countries need to be developed to improve their QOL.
Classical music in cardiac prevention and rehabilitation
Authors: Cheng Max A , Grove Tim
Published: December 2017

Objective:

The objective of the current service evaluation was to assess whether classical music positively impacts upon exercise intensity in patients undergoing a cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation programme.

Design:

A crossover study design was used, in which patients were exposed to both classical music and no music over 2 consecutive weeks, determined through a random order.

Setting:

This took place in cardiovascular prevention and rehabilitation exercise sessions at two Imperial College NHS Healthcare sites.

Patients:

The sample consisted of 30 cardiac rehabilitation patients undergoing secondary prevention.

Main outcome measures:

Comparison of heart rate (average and peak) and Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) recorded in each patient under both music and non-music conditions.

Results:

Average heart rate, Borg RPE, and energy expenditure showed minimal differences between exercise modes. However, peak heart rate increased on average by 7 beats per minute when comparing exercising under classical to no music.

Conclusions:

The study found that classical music significantly increased an individual's peak heart rate during a cardiac exercise session, thereby increasing physical activity intensity.
Anti-inflammatory canakinumab to reduce risk of heart attack?
Authors: Quaile Alistair
Published: December 2017

Results from a recent trial of the anti-inflammatory drug, canakinumab, reveal its potential to help reduce risk of heart attack. In this Research Summary, Alistair Quaile, looks into this research, which the media has reported may mark the biggest breakthrough in cardiovascular treatment since statins.
Our preconceived notions of play need to challenging
Authors: Murdoch Joe
Published: December 2017

Adults have a significant role in the facilitating of play, yet perhaps it is time to challenge the commonly held thought that adult-led play is a ‘play type’, viewing it instead as a form of play-based learning.
Why giants need to learn effective communication
Authors: Dooley Vanessa
Published: December 2017

Our youngest children have a need to interact with their peers and with the adults in their lives, not only for language development but also to establish relationships, self-esteem, and behaviour regulation.
Are we nearly there yet?
Authors: Brown Paula
Published: December 2017

Children of pre-school age are thought to ask around 150,000 a year, but which questions do they ask and what are they for? This is the third article in our current series; this month we focus on ‘when’.
Dancing under the roof
Authors: Clarke Jenni
Published: December 2017

Jenni Clarke explores ways to promote healthy habits in the early years. This month's article looks at the resources and materials you can use to encourage children to be more active in the indoor area.
What is the most appropriate out-of-hospital opioid for adults with traumatic pain?
Authors: Ellis Pierre
Published: December 2017

Aims:

The aims of the current research were to investigate the most appropriate out-of-hospital opioid for adults with traumatic pain. Providing adequate analgesia has multiple benefits both during and post injury.

Methods:

The literature search was carried out using multiple databases to identify relevant out-of-hospital research with additional grey literature to support. The main themes encountered were intravenous morphine compared to intravenous fentanyl, and the contrast between them.

Discussion:

There were no significant differences in effectiveness or adverse effects. Intranasal application was thought to be favoured where intravenous access was unobtainable.

Conclusions:

Further research is required to establish which is the most appropriate opioid. This could include a greater focus on the onset time, duration and optimal dose. Increased education and organisational focus would need to be addressed alongside a change in drug formulary for the out-of-hospital clinician.
Student Perspectives
Authors: Seddon Kimberley , Lawless Padraic , O'Callaghan Kyle
Published: December 2017

In preparation for our upcoming 2018 JPP Student Column which will launch in the next issue, we take the opportunity to speak to a few 2nd year student paramedics from Edge Hill University about their experiences.
Analysis of a mathematical model for Dengue-Chikungunya
Authors: Manrique A. Oscar A. , Munoz P. Dalia M. , Munoz L. Anibal , Ropero P. Mauricio , Raigosa O. Steven , Jamboos T. Juan C. , Betancourt B. Francisco
Published: December 2017

A dynamical system of non-linear ordinary differential equations
which describes the Dengue-Chikungunya infectious process is reported.
In this model it is considered the presence of two viruses transmitted
by the same vector. Taking into account this fact, we have determined
the epidemic threshold, basic reproduction number, using the next generation
matrix. The simulations of the differential equations system are
carried out with the MATLAB software.
Functional comparison of the present algorithm on hardware and software embedded platforms
Authors: Gomez Edwar Jacinto , Sarmiento Fredy Martinez , Ariza Holman Montiel
Published: December 2017

This article shows the implementation of the cryptographic algorithm "Present" in
both software and hardware embedded platforms, for which measurements of the
performance results of the implementation of the algorithm are performed on the
different microcontrollers and also on FPGA type programmable logic devices.
Encryption and decryption functions are performed using 80-bit key sizes,
performing operation tests for the test vectors. In the microcontroller type software
platforms, the use of program memory (FLASH), use of data memory (RAM) and
throughput are taken into account; all of this keeping in mind the size of the
processor bus and if the processor has pointers to functions or tables and the CPU
speed measured in millions of instructions per second MIPS. As for hardware
embedded platforms, in this case the throughput, it is significantly higher due to the parallelism characteristic of the devices, but the reduction of the use of resources in
terms of occupied Slices is sought (CLB-GE); These Slices or functional blocks are
different for each company, which makes them difficult to compare.
Weakly square-nil-fine rings
Authors: Danchev Peter V.
Published: December 2017

We define a proper subclass of the class of fine rings introduced by Calugareanu-Lam
in J. Algebra Appl. (2017) and completely characterize the new class by showing
that all rings from it are isomorphic to either Z_2 or Z_3. This supplies two recent
publications by Danchev in International Math. Forum (2016, 2017) concerning invo-
fine rings.
Clinical, functional and radiological outcomes of extracorporeal irradiation in limb salvage surgery for bone tumours
Authors: Jones C. W. , Shatrov J. , Jagiello J. M. , Millington S. , Hong A. , Boyle R. , Stalley P. D.
Published: December 2017

Aims

We present a retrospective review of patients treated with extracorporeally irradiated allografts for primary and secondary bone tumours with the mid- and long-term survivorship and the functional and radiographic outcomes.

Patients and Methods

A total of 113 of 116 (97.4%) patients who were treated with extracorporeally irradiated allografts between 1996 and 2014 were followed up. Forms of treatment included reconstructions, prostheses and composite reconstructions, both with and without vascularised grafts. Survivorship was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system, the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) and Quality of Life-C30 (QLQ-30) measures. Radiographic outcomes were assessed using the International Society of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) radiographic scoring system.

Results

There were 61 (54%) men with a mean age of 22 years (6 to 70) and 52 (46%) women with a mean age of 26 years (3 to 85). There were 23 deaths. The five-year patient survivorship was 82.3% and the ten-year patient survivorship was 79.6%. The mean follow-up of the 90 surviving patients was 80.3 months (2 to 207). At the last follow-up, 105 allografts (92.9%) were still in place or had been at the time of death; eight (7%) had failed due to infection, local recurrence or fracture. Outcome scores were comparable with or superior to those in previous studies. The mean outcome scores were: MSTS 79% (sd 8); TESS 83% (sd 19); QLQ 82% (sd 16); ISOLS 80.5% (sd 19). Pearson correlation analysis showed a strong relationship between the MSTS and ISOLS scores (r = 0.71, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study shows that extracorporeal irradiation is a versatile reconstructive technique for dealing with large defects after the resection of bone tumours with good functional and radiographic outcomes. Functional outcomes as measured by MSTS, TESS and QLQ-30 were strongly correlated to radiographic outcomes. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1681–8
Complications following arthroscopic surgery of the hip
Authors: Nakano N. , Lisenda L. , Jones T. L. , Loveday D. T. , Khanduja V.
Published: December 2017

Aims

The number of patients undergoing arthroscopic surgery of the hip has increased significantly during the past decade. It has now become an established technique for the treatment of many intra- and extra-articular conditions affecting the hip. However, it has a steep learning curve and is not without the risk of complications. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of complications during and following this procedure.

Materials and Methods

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used in designing this study. Two reviewers systematically searched the literature for complications related to arthroscopy of the hip. The research question and eligibility criteria were established a priori. Pertinent data were abstracted and analysed.

Results

We found 276 relevant studies with a total of 36 761 arthroscopies that met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the patients was 36.7 years (1.7 to 70) and the mean body mass index was 25.7 kg/m2 (20.2 to 29.2). Femoroacetabular impingement and labral tears were the most common indications for the procedure. The total number of complications was 1222 (3.3%). Nerve injury (0.9%), mainly involving the pudendal and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves, and iatrogenic chondral and labral injury (0.7%), were the two most common complications. There were 58 major complications (0.2%), the most common being intra-abdominal extravasation of fluid, which was found in 13 cases (0.04%). There were three deaths (0.008%).

Conclusion

Arthroscopic surgery of the hip is a procedure with a relatively low rate of complications, although some may be significant in this young cohort of patients. This study relied on the reported complications only and the results should be interpreted with caution. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1577–83.
Longitudinal recovery following distal radial fractures managed with volar plate fixation
Authors: Stinton S. B. , Graham P. L. , Moloney N. A. , Maclachlan L. R. , Edgar D. W. , Pappas E.
Published: December 2017

Aims

To synthesise the literature and perform a meta-analysis detailing the longitudinal recovery in the first two years following a distal radius fracture (DRF) managed with volar plate fixation.

Materials and Methods

Three databases were searched to identify relevant articles. Following eligibility screening and quality assessment, data were extracted and outcomes were assimilated at the post-operative time points of interest. A state-of-the-art longitudinal mixed-effects meta-analysis model was employed to analyse the data.

Results

The search identified 5698 articles, of which 46 study reports met the selection criteria. High levels of disability and impairment were reported in the immediate post-operative period with subsequently a rapid initial improvement followed by more gradual improvement for up to one year. The results highlight that the period associated with the greatest physical recovery is in the first three months and suggest that the endpoint of treatment outcomes is best measured at one year post-surgery.

Conclusion

Clinically meaningful improvements in outcomes can be expected for 12 months, after which progress plateaus and reaches normal values. This paper adopted a novel approach to meta-analyses in that the research question was of a longitudinal nature, which required a unique method of statistical analysis. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1665–76.
Practice patterns in the care of acute Achilles tendon ruptures
Authors: Sheth U. , Wasserstein D. , Jenkinson R. , Moineddin R. , Kreder H. , Jaglal S.
Published: December 2017

Aims

To determine whether the findings from a landmark Canadian trial assessing the optimal management of acute rupture of the Achilles tendon influenced the practice patterns of orthopaedic surgeons in Ontario, Canada.

Materials and Methods

Health administrative databases were used to identify Ontario residents ≥ 18 years of age with an Achilles tendon rupture from April 2002 to March 2014. The rate of surgical repair (per 100 cases) was calculated for each calendar quarter. A time-series analysis was used to determine whether changes in the rate were chronologically related to the dissemination of results from a landmark trial published in February 2009. Non-linear spline regression was then used independently to identify critical time-points of change in the surgical repair rate to confirm the findings.

Results

A total of 29 531 patients sustained an Achilles tendon rupture during the study period. Consistently, around 21 out of every 100 cases underwent surgical repair up to the first quarter of 2010. However, by the first quarter of 2014, only 6.5 cases per 100 had surgery. A statistically significant decrease in the rate of surgical repair was observed within one year of the presentation of landmark trial results in 2009 (p < 0.001). July 2009 was independently identified as a critical time at which the surgical repair rate began to significantly decline (p < 0.001). The dissemination of trial results was associated with a significant drop in the rate of surgical repair at non-teaching hospitals (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

The current study demonstrates that large, well-designed randomised trials, have the potential to encourage significant changes in the practice patterns of orthopaedic surgeons. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1629–36.
Corrigendum
Authors: Haddad F. S.
Published: December 2017

Mohaddes M, Shareghi B, Kärrholm J. Promising early results for trabecular metal acetabular components used at revision total hip arthroplasty. Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:880-886.
Corrigendum
Authors: Haddad F. S.
Published: December 2017

Wall PDH, Parsons NR, Parsons H, Achten J, Balasubramanian S, Thompson P, Costa ML; P. D. H. Wall on behalf of A. P. Sprowson,† M. L. Costa, PAKA Study Group. A pragmatic randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of a femoral nerve block and periarticular infiltration for early pain relief following total knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:904-911.
Errata
Authors: Haddad F. S.
Published: December 2017

Stavem K, Naumann MG, Sigurdsen U, Utvåg SE. The association of body mass index with complications and functional outcomes after surgery for closed ankle fractures. Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:1389-1398.
Narratives of change and citizen participation in modern political campaigning: The origins of the Trump movement
Authors: Medvedev Sergey
Published: December 2017

This article offers insights into how the storytelling aspects of the Donald Trump presidential campaign of 2016 contributed to the rise of the Trump movement and paved his way to the White House. With 50 Trump speeches being analysed, the study reconstructs the narrative Donald Trump communicated to the target audience on his way to the highest office. Exploring the idea of Donald Trump as a storyteller, the article discusses how the ideology of the Trump base was constructed and an eagerness to participate was ignited by the narrative. Methodologically, the article derives the seven principles of political storytelling from its theoretical framework and applies them as an analytical frame to the analysis of the narrative structure of the Trump campaign. The seven principles suggest that the political narrative benefits from being targeted, empathic, happy-ending, consistent, well delivered, well communicated and engaging.
The structure of political e-expression: What the Brexit campaign can teach us about political talk on Facebook
Authors: Lilleker Darren G. , Bonacci Duje
Published: December 2017

Social media represents a space where the more politically engaged can commune around issues and events of importance and exchange views. Often the spaces created, especially when hosted by a partisan or campaign organization, tend to be ideologically homogenous eschewing debate or critique. The UK’s referendum on EU membership represents an opportunity to explore how citizens use social media, in this case Facebook, to express their political views in relation to a controversial and polarizing issue of significant national importance. The data extracted from the public pages of the four most important Leave and Remain campaigns are used to explore the strategies of Leave and Remain campaigns as well as the reactions of subscribers. The data show the Leave campaign the most proactive posters, creating more engaging content and, in turn, gaining an advantage in terms of visibility online. Leave supporters were also more prone to act as cheerleaders for the campaign applauding attacks on Remain leaders and spokespeople and promoting campaign slogans. Remain subscribers similarly endorsed negative messages but were keener to debate the detail behind slogans and critique the ­official campaign strategy and messaging. Endogenous factors relating to the demographic of the supporter groups and the campaign messages, as well as exogenous factors relating to the social norms of behaviour with the pages, are discussed as explanatory factors for the different dynamics observed. Notwithstanding the limitations of big data discourse analysis, we thus suggest the Facebook communities around each campaign page can be seen as microcosms of wider supporter groups and thus we propose that analysis of discourse within social media platforms such as Facebook allow better understanding of wider societal engagement with political communication and the dynamics of contestation that exist around political issues and events.
The myth of an egalitarian Internet: Occupy Wall Street and the mediatization of social movements
Authors: Daubs Michael S.
Published: December 2017

This article provides an analysis of the US-based Occupy Wall Street movement and its apparently more egalitarian deployment of the Internet. It considers how protest movements have been symbolically mediated through the social media tropes associated with the decentralization of power. However, it is necessary to review the complexities of horizontal social movements, the ambiguities of networked forms of communications and the more individualized types of political discourse that have been associated with ‘lifestyle’ anarchist or alternative groups. Therefore, the online protest paradigm does not simplistically equate with a mythologized equality. Instead, it is necessary to address a more complex series of cultural and material variables that have emerged in the wake of online activity.
Pre-service elementary education teachers’ beliefs about teaching and learning in Turkey
Türkiye’de sınıf öğretmenliği öğretmen adaylarının öğretme ve öğrenme ile ilgili inançları
Authors: Duru Sibel
Published: December 2017

This study examines the Turkish elementary pre-service teachers’ beliefs about learning and teaching, their preferences concerning instructional practices, and the differences between elementary pre-service teachers in terms of beliefs about teaching, learning and instructional practices at different stages of teacher education programs. Two hundreds eighty nine pre-service teachers participated in the survey and 16 pre-service teachers participated in in-depth interviews.The study employs both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies.    The quantitative research methods employed two surveys and computed a series of descriptive, correlation, t-test, ANOVA and regression analyses to answer the research questions. The contrast comparative analysis method is conducted for qualitative data analysis to explore pre-service teachers’ beliefs about teaching and learning.   Results reveal that Turkish elementary education pre-service teachers have both traditional and constructivist beliefs about teaching and learning, but the majority of the participants has more constructivist tendencies in some points. The results of the current study also indicate that there are significant differences between the pre-service teachers due to gender, age, field experience, methods courses, and length of time in the program.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmada Türkiye’deki sınıf öğretmenliği öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme ve öğretim ile ilgili inançları, öğretim uygulamalarındaki tercihleri farklı değişkenler dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir.  Araştırmaya 290 öğretmen adayı katılmıştır ve bu adaylardan 16’sı ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırmada hem nitel hem nicel araştırma dizaynı kullanılmıştır. Nicel araştırma dizaynı için demografik sorularla birlikte iki ölçek kullanılmış ve araştırma sorularına cevap verebilmek için betimsel, t-testi, korelasyon ve ANOVA analizleri yapılmıştır. Öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme ve öğretimle ilgili inançlarını açığa çıkarmak için nitel araştırma dizaynında yapılan derinlemesine görüşmeler nitel veri analizine tabii tutulmuştur.   Araştırma sonucuna göre sınıf öğretmenliği öğretmen adayları hem geleneksel (öğretmen merkezli) hem yapılandırmacı (öğrenci veya öğrenen merkezli) inançlara sahiptir. Ancak bu araştırmaya katılan öğretmen adaylarının çoğu özellikle öğretmen öğrenci ilişkisi gibi bazı boyutlarda daha yapılandırmacı eğilimlere sahiptir. Ayrıca, bu araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme ve öğretimle ilgili inançları ve tercih ettikleri öğretim uygulamaları cinsiyet, alan deneyimi (okul deneyimi, öğretmenlik uygulaması gibi) ve sınıf düzeyleri değişkenlerine göre anlamlı farklılık göstermektedir.
MEMBANGUN SINERGITAS EKSEKUTIF-LEGISLATIF DI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Abdulrahman Wahid
Published: December 2017

The position of the Regional Representatives Council (DPRD) and the regional head (executive) as partner makes their relationship very important for the success of the regional administration. Harmonious synergy between the two can make local governance objectives achieved effectively and efficiently. This paper reviews the executive and legislative relations in Central Java after a year leadership of Governor Ganjar Pranowo that can be learned by other region.
KEKERASAN TERHADAP ANAK DALAM KONSTRUKSI KORAN TEMPO
Authors: Rakhmad Wiwid Noor
Published: December 2017

The mass media are often accused of discriminatory. Too often considered as one of the factors that influence the rise of violence against children. The truth of the social reality or displayed by the media in reporting crimes against children tend to be partial, because the media actually has a reciprocal relationship with reality itself. On one side of the media is regarded as a mirror of reality and how its operation showing the reality, but the media also do his own interpretation and creates its own reality anyway.Through analysis techniques framing Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki, the study was about to answer the research questions; How does Koran Tempo framing incidence of violence against children and to communicate to the reader in the form of news.
PENGGUNAAN INSTANT MESSANGER dan KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL REMAJA
Authors: Ayun Primada Qurrota
Published: December 2017

Interpersonal communication should ideally in face to face, until the achievement of intimate communication. Instant messenger makes interpersonal communication easier and more efficient. However, it also resulted in less effective communication to occur, because it only uses text messaging as a means to convey a message so frequent miscommunication. This study wanted to see how the use of instant messenger among teenagers in interpersonal communication. The theory used in this study is a Computer Mediated Communication, Ecology Media and Interpersonal Intimacy. The method used in this research is phenomenology. The results of this study indicate that the instant messenger is a medium that is considered to be practical and easy to communicate interpersonally with family, friends, and lovers. Interpersonal communication process through instant messenger can not reach the stage of intimate relationship, because of interactions that occur frequently experienced miscommunication due to an incorrect perception. Interpersonal communication is more effective if it is done face to face. Teens when communicating via instant messenger, tend not to believe and to tell the truth.
PENGUKURAN KINERJA PUSKESMAS DALAM RANGKA PENINGKATAN LAYANAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Apriyanto Dhidik
Published: December 2017

This reseach is an attempt to measure how the performance of health center services at Parit Haji Husein II Pontianak in order to improve public health services. The analysis tool used is a statistical method to determine the Cartesian diagram where the gap of each answer the questionnaire. While the variables used are five dimensions of service quality developed by Parasuraman et.al, with the acronym RATER namely Reliability, Assurance, Tangible, Empaty, and Responsiveness. The results of the analysis of Cartesian diagram of the five variables are: item questions coming in the position I was Diagnosis doctor precise and accurate, Caution patient satisfaction, skills of employees in the airport, Courtesy of services, Analysis Physicians who do not doubt, Analysis doctor is not at risk, doctors can be trusted Easy, consult a physician and employee, there is no obstacle in consultation with a doctor, Doctor with your info detail, doctor requested information to the patient about the complaint, Doctor responsive, Diagnosis physician accountable, Doctor listened well, doctor serving patients during hours work. While the services that go into quadrant II on the Compliance schedule open and close. And service entry in quadrant III is the speed of service, employee came right on time, good physical form health center, health center facilities complete, ready at the desk clerks, Means technology is already good, adequate waiting room chair. While the service entrance in quadrant IV is a doctor and staff give direction well and say hello to the visitor confused.
KONTRIBUSI HUMAN CAPITAL dan CUSTOMER CAPITAL DALAM MENGGAPAI KINERJA CAFÉ dan RESTO di SURABAYA
Authors: Sukarno Gendut , Nirawati Lia
Published: December 2017

Penilaian kinerja perusahaan berbasis human capital merupakan hal menarik yang perlu dikembangkan oleh perusahaan. Human capital merupakan salah satu komponen utama dari intellectual capital (intangible asset) yang dimiliki perusahaan. Selama ini, penilaian terhadap kinerja perusahaan lebih banyak menggunakan sumber daya yang bersifat fisik (tangible asset). Human capital di dalam organisasi memiliki potensi penuh untuk membangun orientasi pasar bagi konsumennya. Jika kompetensi pegawai di dalam suatu organisasi semakin baik, mereka akan memahami kebutuhan konsumen dan mengembangkan customer capital untuk menahan loyalitas konsumen. Pengelolaan customer capital yang baik akan berdampak terhadap kinerja perusahaan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep keterhubungan human capital dan customer capital dan dampaknya terhadap kinerja café dan resto di Surabaya. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah pipinan/pengelola café dan resto di Surabaya, dengan sampel sebanyak 30 responden. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah PLS (Partial Least Square) yang merupakan metode alternatif analisis dengan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) yang berbasis variance.Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diketemukan bahwa 1) human capital mampu memberikan kontribusi yang berarti terhadap customer capital. 2) Customer capital mampu memberikan kontribusi yang berarti terhadap kinerja café dan resto di Surabaya, 3) human capital mampu memberikan kontribusi yang berarti terhadap kinerja café dan resto di Surabaya.
Association between vitamin D receptor BsmI gene polymorphism and periodontitis: a meta-analysis in a single ethnic group
Authors: Cai Ting , Yang Zheng-Yan , Nie Li , Zhen Jia-Xiu , Deng Li , Zhou Zhi
Published: December 2017

Although many researchers have studied on the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) BsmI polymorphism and periodontitis, this association remains elusive. To further assess the effects of VDR BsmI polymorphism on the risk of periodontitis, a meta-analysis was performed in a single ethnic group. We searched PubMed and Chinese databases for relevant studies till April 2017. The strength of the associations were assessed used pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Six studies including 757 periodontitis cases and 670 controls were identified at last. In the total analyses, VDR BsmI polymorphism was not associated with the risk of periodontitis in all models. The subgroup analyses suggested a significantly reduced risk of periodontitis in South China. In conclusion, our meta-analysis showed that VDR BsmI polymorphism was associated with the decreased risk of periodontitis in Chinese individuals from South China, and further studies in other ethic groups are required for definite conclusions.
Effect of melatonin on cytokine levels in a hyperthermia-induced febrile seizure model
Authors: Aydin Leyla , Yurtcu Erkan , Korkmaz Yeşim , Sezer Taner , Ogus Ersin
Published: December 2017

Higher serum cytokine levels have been reported in children admitted with febrile seizures and in some experimental models. However, other studies have shown that cytokine levels are influenced by melatonin. In this study, we investigated serum cytokine levels in a hyperthermia-induced febrile rat seizure model and the effect of melatonin. A total of 28 male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups: the control (C) group, healthy melatonin (MT) group, and hyperthermia-induced febrile seizure groups with (HIFS-MT) and without (HIFS) administration of melatonin. Melatonin (80 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally 15 min before the seizure. HIFS was induced by placing the rats in 45°C water. The rats were sacrificed under anesthesia after the seizure. Blood samples were drawn by transcardiac puncture to measure serum cytokine and melatonin levels. Serum interleukin (IL)-1Î², IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Î± levels were lower in the HIFS group than those in the C group (p = 0.005, p = 0.200, p = 0.011, and p = 0.016, respectively). All serum cytokine levels of rats in the MT and HIFS-MT groups were similar to those in the C group. This experimental rat model demonstrated that serum cytokine levels decrease with HIFS and that administering melatonin maintains serum cytokine levels. These results suggest that cytokines may play role in the anticonvulsive activity of melatonin in rats with febrile seizures.
Development of PCR primer systems for amplification of 16S-rDNA to detect of Thiobacillus spp
Authors: Beheshti Ale Agha Ali , Kahrizi Danial , Ahmadvand Asma , Bashiri Hoda , Fakhri Roza
Published: December 2017

Thiobacillus is a genus of Gram-negative, rod-shaped and autotrophic Betaproteobacteria. They catalyze the dissimilatory oxidation of elemental sulfur and reduced inorganic sulfur compounds. Whereas more than 30 species have been known in this genus, most were never reliably or effectively published. The rest were either reclassified into Thiomonas, Paracoccus, Starkeya, Sulfuriferula, Halothiobacillus, Thermithiobacillus or Acidithiobacillus, were lost from culture. Most of Thiobacillus species are obligate autotrophs via elementary sulfur, thiosulfate or polythionates as energy sources. Based on 16S ribosomal RNA sequence analysis, many members of Thiobacillus have been reclassified. A system was developed for the detection of Thiobacillus bacteria by the amplification of specific 16S ribosomal RNA sequence gene (16S rDNA) fragments with PCR. Primer sequences were designed for the amplification of fragments of 16S rDNA.
Potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of respiratory tract infection and lungs cancer
Authors: Khan Khushbukhat , Aslam Muhammad Adeel , Zahra Fatima Tuz , Basheer Hamid , Bilal Muhammad , Sumrin Aleena
Published: December 2017

Major hurdle faced by many physicians in treating various respiratory tract infections and lung carcinomas is their late or mis-diagnosis. In most respiratory tract infections the manner of infection is not completely understood. Similarly, various lung carcinomas are diagnosed at advance stages at which not only the treatment possibilities are narrowed but the chances of survival are also reduced. So, for the sake of better treatment, the quick and improved diagnostic strategies are suggested. Protein biomarkers fully fit the description in this regard as they have shown great potential in specific diagnosis of many respiratory diseases and also have shown capability in timely pin pointing different stages of lung carcinomas. Many serum biomarkers are presently being used for diagnosis but the efficiency for diagnosis of these biomarkers is lower when used alone. So, physicians are suggested to use the combination of different biomarkers. Moreover, genetic biomarkers are also currently studied to indicate the exact stage of disease, the possible damage occurred, the severity of disease and also for the analysis of the possible body response to the therapeutics.
Improved DNA-Based Identification of Cervidae Species in Forensic Investigations
Authors: Davitkov Dajana , Glavinić Uroš , Nešić Ksenija , Davitkov Darko , Vučićević Miloš , Nešić Vladimir , Stanimirović Zoran
Published: December 2017

The main reasons for wildlife forensic research are animal poaching, illegal trade, and falsified game meat products. Small trace amounts, old and degraded materials present the most common samples in revealing criminal activities in this field. This is the reason why it is crucial to use adequate and reliable methods and samples to identify animal species killed outside the hunting season or species protected by law. In this study, different endpoint PCR and real-time PCR protocols were compared in the identification of three Cervidae species (Capreolus capreolus, Cervus elaphus, Dama dama) from old and damaged material found in an enclosed area where the animals were kept. From a total of 129 samples, end point PCR provided results for 119 samples, while real-time PCR was successful in all cases. Also, we created and tested a protocol for simultaneous analyses of different types of samples, which is of great importance as when the amplification is carried out simultaneously it is more cost efficient and speeds up the process.
New Formal Description of Expert Views of Black-Litterman Asset Allocation Model
Authors: Vladimirov Miroslav , Stoilov Todor , Stoilova Krasimira
Published: December 2017

The general contribution of this research is the implementation of new formal type of relative view, which has been added to the Black-Litterman Model (BLM) for asset management. It is well known that the BLM integrates both historical data about the assets’ returns and subjective views given by experts and investors. Such complicated model is expected to give more realistic assessment about the dynamical behavior of the stock exchanges. The BLM applies both absolute and relative views about the asset returns. The paper proves that the currently applied relative views with equal weights are equivalent to assess the risk of a virtual portfolio with these assets of the view which participate with equal weights. The paper extends this form of views, applying non-equal weights of the assets. This new formal description has been tested on a market, containing ten world known indices for a 10 years period. The calculations which have been provided give benefits to the suggested non-equal weighted form of subjective views. It gives more conservative results and decreases the portfolio risk supporting the same level of returns, provided by the average market behavior.
Effect of Steel Framing for Securing Drywall Panels on Thermal and Humidity Parameters of the Outer Walls
Authors: Major Maciej , Kosiń Mariusz
Published: December 2017

The paper analyses the effect of steel framing used to secure drywall panels on thermal and humidity properties of outer walls. In the practice of building a light structure, the most popular components are steel and wood studs. They are used to obtain framing for building a wall (an outer wall in this study). Analysis presented in this study concerned the corner of the outer wall build using the technology of light steel framing. Computer simulation was used to perform thermal and humidity analysis for the joint of the outer wall.
Occurrence and intensity of parasites in goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) from Guilan province fish ponds, north Iran
Authors: Roohi Javad Daghigh , Ghasemzadeh Kobra , Amini Masoomeh
Published: December 2017

In this survey 109 specimens of goldfish (Carassius auratus) were collected from Guilan fish ponds during 2012-13. After recording biometric characteristics, common parasitology methods were used. In the present study 11 parasite species were recovered from goldfish. Parasitofauna consisted of two protozoans: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis and Trichodina sp.; one digenean trematodes: Diplostomum spathaceum; six monogenean trematodes: Dactylogyrus vastator, Dactylogyrus formosus, Dactylogyrus baueri, Dactylogyrus anchoratus and Gyrodactylus sp.; one crustacean: copepodid stage of Lernaea cyprinacea and one nematodes larvae. All the monogeneans found during the current study are considered new locality records for goldfish in Guilan province, Iran. Mean intensity of infection and abundances of parasite species (with prevalences >10%) among seasons were tested by the Kruskal-Wallis test (KW, multiple comparisons) and Conover-Inman test. Results have shown that monogeneans had the highest prevalence values (49.54%) in goldfish in Guilan fish ponds.
The effect of water renewal on growth of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings
Authors: Okomoda Victor Tosin , Tiamiyu Lateef Oloyede , Iortim Matins
Published: December 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different water change frequency on the growth of African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Fingerlings with initial mean weights of 7.02 ± 0.05g were stocked (50 fish each) in fifteen concrete tanks (2×2×2m) and were conditioned under five different treatments of water renewal, namely: TRT1 (no water change), TRT2 (water renewed daily), TRT3 (water renewed after four days), TRT4 (water renewed after eight days) and TRT5 (water renewed after fourteen days). After 56 days of feeding, results revealed best growth performance of fingerlings in tanks with water renewal frequency of TRT3 and TRT4. Similarly, survival was higher in these frequencies compared to the others; the control treatment, however, had the least performance for all parameters measured. It is therefore recommended that water renewal should be done once between four and eight days to enhance growth of African catfish fingerlings reared in a static system.
Threatened fishes of the world: Coptodon walteri (Thys van den Audenaerde 1968) (Perciformes: Cichlidae)
Authors: Konan Felix Koffi , Doffou Richard Jean Olive , Bony Yves Kotchi , Aliko Gustave N’guessan , Assemian Emmanuel N’guessan
Published: December 2017

Coptodon walteri Thys van den Audenaerde 1968, an endemic cichlid of Ivory Coast and Liberia, is assessed as Near Threatened due to fishing pressure and loss of habitats, and aquatic pollution as a result of extensive clandestine gold mining in the bed of the Cavally River. There is an immediate need for developing conservation and management plans for this species.
Reproductive Biology of Ovigerous FemaleEmerita emeritus(Crustacea, Decapoda) in Bengkulu Coastal Waters, Indonesia: Egg Production and Reproductive Output
Authors: Edritanti Ouratul , Farajallah Achmad , Wardiatno Yusli
Published: December 2017

Emerita emeritusis an abundant species in Bengkulu coastal waters, but the knowledge of its reproductive biology is poor. The present study was conducted to elucidate the reproductive aspects of ovigerous femaleE. emeritus,including fecundity, egg volume and reproductive output. This study was conducted between January 2015 and January 2016 in Bengkulu coastal waters, Indonesia. Samples were collected manually using shovels and hands. The results showed that ovigerous females occurred every month. Fecundity increased significantly in ovigerous females proportional to the size. No correlation was shown between sea surface temperature and egg production. Fecundity and reproductive output decreased throughout the embryonic development.
Environmental Variables and Ecological Distribution of Ichthyofauna Assemblages in the Calabar River, Nigeria: Present and Future Prospects
Authors: Andem Andem Bassey , Ben Ekanem Sunday , Oku Esien Ene
Published: December 2017

Studies on environmental variables and ecological distribution of ichthyofauna assemblages were conducted in the Calabar River. Surface water and ichthyofauna were sampled in order to provide baseline or reference data on the Calabar River at present as regard its future prospects. Seasonal variation shows significant differences in surface water temperature, pH, DO, BOD, conductivity, TDS and TSS between sampling stations and insignificant differences in heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, iron and copper between sampling stations. Twenty six species of fish fauna were identified belonging to twenty two families. Mugilidae, Clariidae, Cichlidae, Gobiidae and Sciaenidae were the most abundant for both wet and dry season, while Clupeidae, Bathyclupeidae, Carangidae and Sphyraenidae were low in the wet season but high in the dry season. Chromium, copper, surface water temperature, DO correlate significantly with the presence of E. fimbriata, B. soporator, M. sebae, C. gariepinus, M. loennbergii, C. guentheri and P. babarus. The overall values of biotic diversity indices ranged from 0.0504-0.0745 for Simpson’s Index, 2.770-3.095 for Shannon Index, 2.821-3.105 for Margalef’s Index and 0.8606-0.9498 for equitability. However, the presence of certain fish fauna in polluted and non-polluted parts of the river indicates that they could be used as potential bioindicators in assessment and biomonitoring of the river. The methods used in identifying fish diversity proved their applicability for future studies.