bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Narra (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) Populations From Various Seed Sources in the Philippines Using RAPD
Authors:   Department of Environment and Natural Resources, de los Reyes Maria Theresa , Magpantay Gracetine , Cagalawan Aimee , Lapis Aida , Calinawan Nenita
Published: February 2022

Pterocarpus indicus Willd. (narra), a critically endangered group, is one of the priority species for conservation and reforestation in the Philippines due to its economic, industrial, and ecological importance. A range of 29 to 40 individual samples from each of six seed sources from the Philippines were tested for genetic diversity using 11 RAPD markers. A total of 134 loci were detected, 129 of which were polymorphic. The mean genetic diversity within population was found to be moderate at 0.3183, which could be attributed to the deciduous and outcrossing nature of narra. The genetic differentiation among populations (0.0575) and Wright’s Fixation Index (0.1528) suggests nearness of the populations to each other and distance from fixation of alternative alleles in the populations. The genetic distance and cluster analysis did not conform to geographical distribution, but revealed the relationships and the possible origin/s of the individuals of the populations. The results of the study is useful in the selection of sources of good planting materials for the improvement of narra tree in the Philippines.
Local Communities' Knowledge, Attitude and Perception Toward Cebu Black Shama (Copsychus cebuensis Steere) and its Habitat Characteristics in Cebu Island, Philippines
Authors:   University of San Carlos-Talamban Campus, Parilla Richard , Laude Rita , de Guia Anna Pauline , Espaldon Maria Victoria , Florece Leonardo
Published: February 2022

A knowledge, attitude & perception (KAP) survey was conducted in four important bird areas (IBAs) in Cebu island, Philippines towards the protection and conservation of the Cebu black shama (Copsychus cebuensis) and its habitat. Similarly, the habitat quality of the black shama in the island was also assessed in terms of vegetation composition and diversity. A total of 193 households were interviewed from July 2013 to December 2013. Most of the respondents only finished elementary and high school levels. However, their mean knowledge score was above 6.50 while their attitude mean score was above 9.40. Their perception scores, on the other hand, were highly positive. Regardless of their educational attainment, people living near the identified black shama territories were highly knowledgeable, aware and positive towards the protection and conservation of the endangered bird and its habitat. Forty-five black shama territories were sampled employing 20 m x 20 m quadrats from September 2013 – February 2014. The black shama habitat is characterized with high plant species diversity (H’>3.50), even plant distribution (e >0.75), and low dominance index (D >0.01). In terms of vegetation composition, the black shama habitats were not similar. Integrating the social and ecological knowledge to conservation will likely promote a wider perspective of effective conservation program implementation than social or ecological knowledge alone.
Issue of Cyanobacteria Blooms in Taihu Lake, China
Authors:   Fudan University, Fu Jie
Published: February 2022

Taihu Lake is an important lake located in the eastern China. As a eutrophic lake, lake-wide cyanobacteria blooms have occurred annually, damaging its natural functions and threatened the safety of drinking water resources. This paper first described the harms of cyanobacteria blooms in Taihu Lake, which are mainly manifested in effect to aquatic organisms, damage on the ecological landscape and threats to human health. The northern and western parts of lake were the most frequent area were cyanobacteria blooms occur, usually between middle June to middle October. The dominant algae during the cyanobacteria blooms were Microcystis whose abundance had correlations with water quality (i.e., pH, dissolved oxygen, permanganate index, total nitrogen and phosphorus, etc.) and bacteria quantity. Many factors impact the cyanobacteria blooms including physical, chemical and biological factors, of which high temperature (>28 °C) and nutrients loads contributed most for the cyanobacteria blooms. Further, the integrated physical (dredging sediments) and ecological methods (phytoremediation) should be utilized to control the cyanobacteria blooms in Taihu Lake.
Modeling Future Spatial Distribution of Shorea palosapis (Blanco) Merr and Shorea polysperma (Blanco) Merr in Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park Using Maxent
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Torres Alfie , Pulhin Florencia , Lasco Rodel , Tiburan Cristino , Eslava Decibel
Published: February 2022

This study determined the potential effects of present and future climates on the geographical distribution of Shorea palosapis (Blanco) Merr. and Shorea polysperma (Blanco) Merr in Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) using Maximum Entropy model. A total of seven models were generated for each species: one Climatic-Only model, four Partial models (combination of four variable groups with climatic variables), one Full model (used 30 original variables), and one Final model (used 18 uncorrelated variables after a series of variable reduction methods). The models’ relative predictive performance was evaluated using Area Under Curve (AUC) and True Skill Statistics (TSS). The Final model performed best both for S. palosapis (AUC = 0.8763; TSS = 0.8176) and S. polysperma (AUC = 0.8626; TSS = 0.8332). Analysis of variable importance revealed that species distributions were largely determined by climatic variables (34.35%) followed by anthropogenic variables (27.25%) and topographic variables (24.15%), while vegetation-related (7.58%) and edaphic variables (6.67%) had relatively lesser contribution. The probabilities of occurrence of the species changed and were found to benefit from future climate with increasing suitable habitat range. This study will provide practitioners with early warning estimates of how climate change may affect the distribution of endangered species. Furthermore, this will also assist decision-makers especially in mainstreaming climate change in the NSMNP management plan to better conserve potential suitable habitats of priority species.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Smallholder Farmers Regarding Climate Change and Agroforestry: A Case Study of Farmers in Peñablanca, Cagayan
Authors:   World Agroforestry Centre – Philippines, Evangelista Regine Joy , Cruz Amy Christine , Lasco Rodel
Published: February 2022

Climate change threatens to derail the lives and livelihoods of farmers all over the world if appropriate adaptation measures are not put in place. Smallholder farmers, more so those in developing countries like the Philippines, are especially at risk because of inherent socio-economic characteristic and environmental factors limiting their capacity to adapt. One adaptation measure that can potentially benefit smallholder farmers is agroforestry. However limited understanding, incorrect information and a negative mindset could hinder the successful adoption of this practice. This case study of smallholder farmers in Peñablanca, Cagayan, Philippines attempts to explain the farmers’ adaptation practices by analyzing their knowledge and attitudes on climate change and agroforestry. Two sets of surveys, one on adaptation practices (n=600) and one on knowledge and attitudes (n=41) were conducted with smallholder farmers in Peñablanca. Most farmers are aware of the basic concepts of climate change (91%) and agroforestry (84%), specifically of the impacts of climate extremes on their farms and of the benefits of agroforestry. However this may not always translate to correct practice of agroforestry and other adaptation measures. It is recommended that information, education, and communication programs on climate change and agroforestry for farmers should present targeted information on impacts and adaptation in a way that is relatable and understandable to them.
Exploring Gender Preferences in Farming System and Tree Species Selection: Perspectives of Smallholder Farmers in Southern Philippines
Authors:   World Agroforestry Centre - Philippines, Ureta Joan , Evangelista Kharmina Paola , Habito Christine Marie , Lasco Rodel
Published: February 2022

Although agroforestry has been promoted in the Philippines through various programs and policies, the adoption of this practice is slower than expected. Determining the underlying reasons for the slow and declining adoption of agroforestry is vital, especially within the combined context of food insecurity, agricultural intensification and climate change. Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), this study identified the selection criteria and the priority farming systems and tree species of smallholder farmers in Lantapan, Bukidnon. Findings showed that financial benefit was the main consideration of both male and female farmers for crop selection along with other aspects of well-being (i.e. regulatory services, food security). Results indicated that both groups perceived crop-based farms as more beneficial than tree-based farms. In terms of tree species, women preferred plantation crops and timber trees, while men favored fruit trees. These results showed that it is important to ensure that promotion of agroforestry will translate to tangible economic benefits for farmers. The criteria identified will serve as inputs for crafting a gender-sensitive co-investment scheme to support the promotion of climate-smart, tree-based agriculture in the area. Funds generated from this scheme could compensate farmers for the opportunity costs of shifting gradually to tree-based farming systems.
Ecological Integrity of Pasonanca Natural Park: The Sustainability of Water Supply Under a Policy of Protected Areas
Authors:   Western Mindanao State University, Casimiro Jessica Ma. Paz , Ramos Maria Sheila
Published: February 2022

This study establishes the optimum thresholds and rating scales to evaluate the ecological integrity of Pasonanca Natural Park protected area in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Six indicators representing four key eco-hydrological attributes of sustainable water supply namely vegetation and soil at the riparian buffer zone, the hydrology and water quality of the stream, were assessed. Tree basal area was found to be high ranging from 56.08 m2 ha-1 to 65.46 m2 ha-1 in undisturbed sites. These values are higher than other tropical forests in Southeast Asia. Total organic carbon and total nitrogen were at critical levels. Mean streamflow was significantly declining at 0.101 m3 s-1 yr-1(p<0.001) suggesting the possibility of diminishing water supply in the coming years. The annual mean water turbidity was significantly increasing at 2.572 NTU yr-1 or 22.48% yr--1(p<0.001) hinting at higher frequency of chemical treatment and increasing risk of exposure to disinfection by-products in drinking water. Annual high turbidity day count occurred more than 90 days from 2007 to 2013 with the highest at 181 days in 2011. The overall ecological integrity rating of Pasonanca Natural Park is poor. The withdrawal of the riparian buffer zone from strict protection status and its reclassification to special use zone to pave the way for active management should be considered.
Study on the Desulfurization Performance of N-Type and P-Type Semiconductor Pyrolysis Char Composite Catalyst
Authors:   Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Zhang Lei , Xiangling Sha , Lei Zhang , He Huibin , Wang Yusu , Ma Zhenhua , Li Yonghui
Published: February 2022

Ordos coal pyrolysis product roasted under 750oC was used as desulfurization sorbents to investigate the effect of flue gas desulfurization performance of supported metal catalyst. There were 14 kinds of metal oxides from groups IA, IIA, VIB, VIIB, VIII, IB and IIIB chosen as active components to prepare metal oxide supported catalysts by equivalent volume impregnation method. And the mechanism of pyrolysis was studied. The similarities of desulfurization performance among the same group of metal oxides were related to the structure of their outer electrons. In addtion, the influence of transition metal oxides on the desulfurization performance was related to metal oxide semiconductor type. Finally, the influence of the VIII group oxide catalyst of iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni) on the desulfurization performance showed the characteristics of diversity related to their d percentage (%).
Evaluation of the Energy Potential of Solar Radiation in the Rural Centers of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province, Iran
Authors:   Payame Noor University, Arvin Abbas Ali , Heydari Mehran
Published: February 2022

Solar energy plays an effective role in human’s life. This study aims to determine the energy potential of solar radiation in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province. The radiation and climate survey data gathered in a daily scale were used to determine the radiation estimate model and find the amount of radiation in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari Province. The amount of radiation at 13 stations was estimated using experimental models and statistical relationships of radiation with other elements of climate. The reliability of models and the accuracy of the estimated values were confirmed by using the mean bias error and root mean square errors and the correlation between the predicted and observed values. Radiation estimates that used Angstrom models based on the lighting coefficient had more credibility in estimating the amount of radiation in the no-radiometer station. The study of the correlation coefficient between estimated radiation and radiation measurement also showed that in stations which lighting coefficient is used to estimate the amount of radiation, the correlation coefficient was stronger and more meaningful than that of other stations used, based on other climatic parameters such as cloudiness, humidity and temperature.
Miniaturized Solvent Extraction and Cleanup Method for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Air Particulate Matter by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Authors:   University of the Philippines Diliman, Tamayo Evelyn Gayle , Cayetano Mylene , Kwan Charita , Muller Konrad
Published: February 2022

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the priority pollutants measured in atmospheric particles due to their potential health risks to exposed individuals. A miniaturized solvent extraction and cleanup method has been developed for the determination of 14 types of PAHs in air particulate matter (APM) collected through the use of a five-stage stainless steel Berner sampler with aluminum foil as substrates. The analytical method employed sonication of the impacted APM in the aluminum foil substrates with dichloromethane, extract purification through silica cleanup in miniaturized glass columns, and analysis of the PAHs by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The performance characteristics of the method such as linearity, range, detection limits and quantification limits, recovery and precision for each of the 14 PAHs were established using procedures suggested by Eurachem and/or the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The method has direct advantages, i.e., use of minimal volume of solvents, and non-utilization of disposable silica solid phase extraction cartridges, but with performance characteristics that are within acceptable limits−thus resulting in a low-cost, practical, and reliable protocol that can quantify PAHs in APM.
Stakeholder Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Companies- a First Step Towards Successful Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors:   Universidad de Málaga, Suarez-Cebador Manuel , Rubi-Romero Juan Carlos , Lopez-Toro Alberto , Arjona-Jimenez Rafael
Published: February 2022

The rise of the world’s population is causing a never-ending increase in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation. This, along with the commitment to necessary protection for the environment, requires companies managing MSW to make effective decisions to maximise satisfaction among their stakeholders. This research aimed to identify the main stakeholders and the relevance of each one. Four focus groups discussions were set up for this identification, involving a total of 36 experts from different sector-related disciplines. In order to guarantee reliable results, rank-ordering of alternatives was applied obtaining a high Kendall coefficient of concordance equivalent to 0.83. Subsequently, these were applied to a pairwise comparison grid that gave a stakeholder’s ranking: citizens, shareholders, workers, town council, special customers, NGOs, public administrations, media and suppliers. This information offers MSW management companies a perspective that helps to set priorities in their decision-making.
Beneath 50 m of NW Pacific Water: Coral Reefs on the Benham Bank Seamount off the Philippine Sea
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Nacorda Hildie Maria , Dizon Romeo , Menez Lambert Anthony , Nanola, Jr Cleto , Roa-Chio Patrice Bianca , de Jesus Diovanie , Hernandez Homer , Quimpo Fra-and Timothy , Licuanan Wilfredo Roehl , Alino Porifirio , Villanoy Cesar
Published: February 2022

The benthic habitats on the Philippine (Benham) Rise were unknown until the joint University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute (UPMSI)/University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB)/Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR) cruise of May 2014 when extensive coral reefs were discovered on the summit of the Benham Bank Seamount. Short observational surveys of five stations at depths up to 55 m revealed that the reefs were pristine and with excellent cover mostly by tiered, thick, rigid and foliose plate-forming Porites (Synaraea) rus. The voucher specimen collections indicated that there are at least 11 reef-building and two solitary coral species in the reef communities. The fish visual census and random hook-and-line fishing surveys recorded 62 species, 16 of which were reef health indicators and the rest were commercially exploited species. These short surveys yielded the first records of mesophotic coral reef biodiversity on the Benham Bank, albeit incomplete, and point to the inevitable requisite of further exploring these pristine reefs and their associated benthic habitats, since this Philippine natural heritage serves as an important area for fisheries.
Parametric Study on the Effect of Congeners on Molecular Sieve Dusting during Ethanol Dehydration
Authors:   University of the Philippines Los Banos, Pector Amabelle , Movillon Jovita , Bataller Butch , Baticados El Jirie
Published: February 2022

Sieve dusting reduces the efficiency of molecular sieve adsorption during ethanol dehydration. As a result, the recoverable yield of pure ethanol is lowered. This study explored the contribution of congeners (acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol) in molecular sieve dusting by varying the number of pressure cycles and congener concentrations during ethanol dehydration. A general two-factorial design with three levels was used to statistically test these factors. Degree of dusting was evaluated by measuring cumulative decrease in mass and change in crush strength of sieves. The number of pressure cycles and congener concentration had a positive effect on the decrease in mass of Type 3A molecular sieves and a negative effect with crush strength. There was an 11.20 %, 18.56 %, and 34.11 % change in crushing strength from 400, 800, and 1200 mg L-1 acetone concentration for a five-cycle dehydration run, respectively. Greatest decrease in bulk mass was found to be 0.53% (cumulative) and 0.25% (non-cumulative) for acetone and 0.60% (cumulative) and 0.31% (non-cumulative) for congener mixture. The parameters had no significant interaction towards each other; thus, the effect of the number of pressure cycle and congener concentration was additive to sieve dusting.
Evaluación de Recursos Tecnológicos en la Banca Microempresarial de Machala para la concesión de créditos
Authors: Viteri Guzmán Grace Katiuska , Avilés Ramírez Claudia Margarita
Published: February 2022

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar los recursos tecnológicos utilizados por las entidades bancarias de Machala en la concesión de créditos. La evaluación de dicha gestión se fundamenta desde dos perspectivas: la estratégica y la técnica, por ello se identifican dos modelos cuyas variables se relacionan entre sí en todos los aspectos, los cuales son: el modelo estratégico Balance Scorecard y la guía técnica para supervisión y control COBIT; como resultado de la aplicación de estos dos modelos, se consideró evaluar las cuatro metas establecidas por Cobit: la financiera, el cliente, los procesos internos y el aprendizaje, versus los tipos de tecnologías utilizados en la gestión de microcréditos. Para tal efecto se aplicó una metodología cuantitativa en la cual se analizó la información con la herramienta SPSS; los datos fueron recolectados de la población de diez entidades financieras de microcréditos en Machala. Los puntajes de evaluación obtenidos por cada grupo de tecnologías indican que el uso de las tecnologías claves lideran con respecto a las metas de Cobit que trata el aspecto de clientes y procesos internos, las tecnologías básicas son muy usadas en el aspecto financiero, y las tecnologías emergentes lideran en el aspecto financiero, procesos internos y de aprendizaje.
Análisis de las técnicas de machine learning aplicadas en la detección de fraudes bancarios
Authors: Jones- Ortiz Carlos Vicente , Guzmán – Seraquive Jomar Elizabeth
Published: February 2022

Se considera al aprendizaje automático o de máquinas (machine learning en inglés), como una subárea en el campo de la computación e informática, además de estar estrechamente ligada a la inteligencia artificial; el objetivo de esta técnica es lograr que los ordenadores aprendan, siendo un agente que mejore la experiencia; ha sido muy útil sobre todo para el análisis de investigaciones y procesos que generan grandes cantidades de datos; para el presente artículo se realiza una revisión documental sobre el estado del arte de los principales métodos de aprendizaje automáticos, basados en publicaciones y artículos de hace no más de dos año. Busca eliminar las necesidades de contar con conocimiento experto en el análisis de datos, sin embargo, la intuición del ser humano sigue siendo pieza clave y no puede ser reemplazada en su totalidad. El objetivo del artículo es analizar las técnicas de machine learning más utilizadas en la detección de fraudes bancarios conociendo, las métricas empleadas.
Model of Crisis Resilient Organizations
Authors:   Researcher - ISCAE Group - Morocco, CHAGAR Dr. Hassan
Published: February 2022

This communication offers a contribution to rethinking organizational models. Its objective is to propose the determinants of resilient organizations in the face of crises generated by unforeseen risks with high impact, called black swans. It is a meta-research that takes advantage of the results of 11 studies conducted and concluded in the midst of the COVID 19 crisis. The central question that has been the common thread of this meta-research is "What new managerial model of resilient organizations? To answer this question, she exploits the quintessential state of the art mobilized by this research and its results. This research adopted a rather qualitative analysis approach; the discussion of their results made it possible to bring out the determinants of the model of resilient organizations structuring three levers: valuing the raison d'être, organizational efficiency and ecosystem leadership. These determinants are the first lever: the alignment of strategies with social and societal imperatives, the foundation of the corporate culture on multicultural values and the integration of risks in the management of projects and the business model. For the second component, these determinants are: employee engagement, collective intelligence, organizational agility and business architecture. For the last component, these determinants are: the digital transformation of the customer journey, the improvement of the customer experience by creating the wow effect, the extension of markets via a growth strategy based on exports and ecosystem management as the basis of strategic management.
A Review On-SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant
Authors:   Student of Department of Pharmacology, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Institute of Pharmacy, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal, India – 741222, Roy Prodip
Published: February 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome – coronavirus 2 is known to cause coronavirus disease (COVID-19), an infectious diseaseThe majority of those exposed to the virus can have moderate respiratory issues and can recover without the need for specific treatment. Some, on the other side, can become gravely unwell and require medication. People over the age of 65, as well as those with existing medical disorders such as cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes, severe pulmonary disease, or cancer, are often more likely to form serious illnesses. COVID-19 can make anyone sick and cause serious illness or even death at any age. The Omicron variation in SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is the newer coronavirus strain to be identified as a “variant of concern” by the World Health Organization (WHO). Researchers from everywhere in the world, including South Africa, are looking into this variety in order to fully comprehend different aspects of Omicron, but it might take a long time to learn everything there is to know. Due to the scarcity of studies, misinformation about the Omicron variation is spreading around the world, posing a serious threat to healthcare systems and everyday life. Here, we reviewed the finding and characteristics of the Omicron variant, compared the transmission capacity of the Omicron variant with other variants, discussed on the influence of the Omicron variation on the severity of COVID-19 in cancer as well as diabetic patients, and discussed potential strategies and treatments options to avoid and overcome the Omicron variant’s prevalence.
Healthcare Services Utilization among the Rural Women in Tamilnadu: A Micro Level Study
Authors:   Research Scholar (Part-Time), PG and Research Department of Economics, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai-14., Vaidegi T.
Published: February 2022

The health of women is inextricably linked to their responsibilities as mothers, partners, and daughters. Women are frequently the primary caregivers for their children’s health and well-being, as well as their children’s primary point of contact with the health-care system. Although women shoulder the majority of family healthcare responsibilities, the impact of these additional responsibilities on their health and well-being is sometimes overlooked. These responsibilities, however, are only a small part of the multiplicity of financial, family, and other obligations that women must juggle in order to satisfy their families’ requirements, and many women do so in the face of adversity, such as their own health difficulties. For many women, managing family health requirements with other responsibilities is a heightened difficulty due to limited financial means, while raising children and working. But to do this, it is essential that women take charge of their health and nutritional needs. Therefore, the women are viewed as an asset to society. Women today participate in the developmental activities of the nation in large numbers. Majority of educated women are not aware of the schemes introduced by the government. Women always place the needs of their family before themselves. Therefore, the present study attempts to examine the Utilization of healthcare services among the rural women in the selected blocks of Cuddalore district, with the help of primary data, which is tested by using Percentage Analysis and Henry Garrett Ranking.
Development of Instant Dokla Mix Blended with Dehydrated Carrot Powder
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Foods and Nutrition, Rathnavel Subramaniam College of Arts and Science, Sulur, Coimbatore 6410402., Priya A.
Published: February 2022

This study presents the Development of Instant Dhokla mix blended with dehydrated carrot powder. Dhokla is a vegetarian food originating from Gujarat, India. It can be eaten for breakfast, as a main course, as a side dish or as a snack and is usually tangy and slightly sweet in taste. Carrot is one of the nutritious and economical vegetable. To extend carrot’s utilization during offseason, carrot was oven-dried at 50 ºC for 4-5 hours and powdered. The Dehydrated carrot (Daucus carota L.) powder was blended at the levels of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% in the Instant Dhokla mix powder. The best variation was identified to be the Sample C in which 30% Dehydrated carrot powder was blended in Instant Dhokla mix. It was identified by sensory analysis using five point hedonic scale by a group of 30 semi trained panel members. Vitamin A content was 5.4 mcg/100g in the standard instant Dhokla mix which increased to 9.2 mcg/100g in the Sample C and Iron content was 3.5mg/100g in the standard instant Dhokla mix which increased to 6.0 mg/100g in the Sample C. The mix underwent microbial analysis and shelf life analysis with the interval of one day for a period of one week that is on 1st day, 3rd day and 5th day respectively. The mix was stored in a Zip lock bag. The popularization of the Instant Dhokla mix blended with dehydrated carrot powder was done among school going children by briefing on its significance, functional properties, nutritional aspects and health benefits with the help of a questionnaire and analyzing their responses.
Clinical & Biochemical Profile of Covid 19 Patients With and Without Co Morbidities
Authors:   Professor& Head Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jaipur National University Jaipur Rajasthan India 302017, M.D Dr. R. Shivasuvramaniyam
Published: February 2022

The pandemic outbreak of noval corona virus disease (covid19) was initially noticed in a seafood market in wuhan city in china in mid-December, 2019, has spreaded to 215 countries worldwide. 2020 january7th and was temporally named 2019 n- co.v Corona virus belongs to a large family of virus that causes illness ranging from the common cold to more severe disease, A noval corona virus is a new strain that has not been previously identified in humans on January 30th 2020 declared the noval corona virus outbreak of public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). At that time there was 98 cases and no death in 18 countries outside china.
An Analysis of Traditional Chinese Patterns in Arts and Crafts
Authors:   Silpakorn University, Yiying Gao
Published: February 2022

A brief analysis of the relationship between art and life through the presentation and development of traditional patterns on different utensils. In the four major sections of pottery, bronze ware, clothing and arts and crafts, relevant explanations are given on the application of traditional patterns. The diversity of traditional patterns starts from the level of cultural development, and plays a key role in the impact on people's life development and the inheritance, promotion and integration of traditional culture. Through the study and understanding of patterns, we can discover the inclusiveness of art and people, art and culture.
Knowledge and Practices of Medical Officers on Medical Near Misses in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Sri Lanka
Authors:   Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka, Jayathilake A.D.H
Published: February 2022

Background: Near misses are the most crucial and valuable elements in the prevention of potentially unintentional harm in patients service provision. Reporting incidents is an essential component in inculcating patient safety culture. In developed countries medical services are now focused on vigilance on such near misses. This paradigm shift of medical service provision paved the way for patient safety domain in medical service design. Patient safety has now become one of the six constituents of service quality. Continuous vigilance for possible near misses will disclose them beforehand. This will avoid triggering the chain reaction that bring about disastrous patient outcomes. Favorability of existing practices and knowledge on near misses are two key determinants of the successful safety culture initiatives.
Character Formation through Internalization of Religious Values in Elementary School Students
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, South Jakarta. Indonesia, Murod Ma’mun
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted in elementary school Lab. School FIP-UMJ, South Tangerang. Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive approach. The number of respondent studies was 25 students who actively participated in extracurricular activities through the internalization of the habit of reading the Koran. The results showed that the student’s character was very good after they mastered the reading of the Koran well, had good attitudes and character. The attitude of the students that is formed is that they are aware to carry out worship because it is God’s command. Spontaneous activities are in the form of giving warnings to students who make mistakes by advising and asking children to apologize. Therefore, as an effort to find a standard and ideal strategy in internalizing religious values in character building so that all attitudes a behavior of students are in accordance with the values of religious character, and thirdly, environmental based, student activities where students have a grand Taksmi program, activities that involving parents and guardians. The family is the first and foremost place for children’s growth and development. The basis of character education should be applied from childhood or what psychologists call the golden age, because this age has been proven to greatly determine a child’s ability to develop his potential. About 50% of the variability of adult intelligence occurs when the child is 4 year. The next 30% increase occurs at the age of 8 years, and the remaining 20% in the middle or late second decade. From here, character education should start from within the family which is the first environment for the growth of children’s character.
Character Education Values in Buru’s Folklore
Authors:   Department of Indonesian Language and Literature Education, FKIP Universitas Pattimura Ambon, Indonesia, Solissa Everhard Markiano
Published: February 2022

Buru’s folklore is a cultural product that reflects cultural messages related to the Buru people as individuals, social relations, belief systems, and community norms in Buru. In essence, Buru’s Folklore is a form of oral literature that contains substantial and functional meaning which is passed down from generation to generation in a unique and specific way. This reseaerch aims to describe the character education values in the folklore of the Buru island people. This research is qualitative. The data obtained are in the form of folklore texts, statements of informants, and facts in the field. The sources of the data are as follows: 4 informants − people of South Buru believed to be the owners of the folklore. The techniques of data collection include deept interview and recording. The data analysis is executed in the frame of spiral model proposed by Creswelll. The results showed that the Buru’s Folklore contains some remarkable character education values, i,e. courage, responsibility, loving one another, helping difficult people, and expecting sustenance from God. Thus, Buru’s Folklore is a socio-cultural representation of the community that is accumulated in the behavior, attitudes, character, and spoken in the story.
Covid 19 and the Durga Puja Decoration Artisans of West Bengal: Mapping the Crisis of an Unorganized Sector in South Asia
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India, Das Abhinandan
Published: February 2022

The sufferings of the unorganized sector have increased manifold in the current times, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in developing countries like India. The present study attempts to examine the precarious conditions of the decoration artisans of Krishnanagar (Nadia District) and Kumartuli (Kolkata City) areas of West Bengal, India during the COVID-19 pandemic. The overall analysis comparing the Pre-COVID-19 situations with the situation conditioned by the pandemic indicates a significant loss of annual turnovers during the times of the pandemic. The rise in the price of raw materials and shortage of labour supply caused by lockdowns and Covid-related restrictions have affected the livelihood mechanisms of the decoration artisans in both places. This has severely affected the market distribution chain of the artefacts of the decoration artisans encompassing the Indian and international markets. The study attempts to provide some policy recommendations for the survival of the decoration artisans which can assist the government and policymakers towards sustainable planning and provision of inclusive growth which is very important in the context of the addition of Durga Puja to the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO, preserving both heritage and economy in the long run.
Response surface optimization of the cacao criollo fermentation process in the province of
Utcubamba, Amazonas-Peru
Authors: Mori Diner , Barrena Miguel , Oliva Segundo , Chavez Segundo
Published: February 2022

The fermentation process of native fine aroma cacao criollo (Theobroma cacao) in the province of Utcubamba, Amazonas, Peru, was optimized. A Box-Behnken statistical design was applied, whose factors were inoculum concentration, fermentation time and inoculation sequence. With the optimized model, a phenolic content of 12.99 mg AGE.g-1 cocoa, a fermentation index of 1.05, and theobromine and caffeine contents of 4.89.100 g-1 cocoa and 1.81.100g-1 cocoa, respectively, were obtained. Additionally, with a panel of nine certified and accredited tasters, the basic and special descriptive qualitative sensory attributes of the fermented and dry cocoa beans were determined, obtaining a maximum quality score of 71.1, and the sensory descriptors floral, fruity, nutty, sweet, bitter, acidity and adequate astringency were identified. In the cocoa obtained with the best treatment, 64 volatile compounds from the families of aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, acids and pyrazines were identified by gas chromatography coupled to a mass detector with solid-phase microextraction (GC-MS-SPME-HS). In conclusion, it was possible to optimize the fermentation process of cacao criollo to obtain cocoa with high functional and sensory properties.
Fine margins between right and rogue: The right to resist an unlawful arrest and the liberty to assault a police officer in Botswana
Authors: Dambe Baboki Jonathan
Published: February 2022

On the face of it, the contention that a person is entitled to resist arrest and may, in certain circumstances, have defensible justification for assaulting a police officer, appears incongruous with law and order. Yet, the common law recognises and preserves the right of every individual to resist unlawful arrest and exonerates the individual if they assault a police officer in the process of rebuffing such unlawful arrest. This paper interrogates the scope and application of this right in Botswana. It highlights the delicate balance that must be struck between the exercise of this common law right and the protection of police officers from assaults in the lawful execution of their duties. This is done through an assessment of relevant statutory provisions, local cases, and the approaches adopted in other jurisdictions that recognise the right to resist an unlawful arrest. The paper also briefly explores the civil remedies that are available to an individual who has been subjected to an unlawful arrest and detention.
Defining the contours of a ‘criminal gang’ and a ‘pattern of criminal gang activity’ under the Prevention of Organised Crime Act
Authors: van der Linde Delano
Published: February 2022

Before an accused can be convicted under Chapter 4 of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act 121 of 1998 (POCA), two preliminary elements must be proven. These preliminary elements can be found under Chapter 1, and require the accused to be a gang member or active participant in a criminal gang and that a pattern of criminal gang activity should exist. Even though POCA was promulgated over 20 years ago, much uncertainty still exists as to the interpretation of various elements of the preliminary requirements under Chapter 1. This article examines the requirements set out in Chapter 1 of POCA, with a specific focus on how courts have interpreted these requirements. To do so, reference is made, amongst others, to the California Street Terrorism Enforcement and Prevention Act of 1988 (STEP) (as POCA was modelled after this legislation) and Chapter 2 of POCA (which deals with racketeering and is similarly structured to Chapter 4). This article will ultimately illustrate that courts have largely ignored these definitions which gave rise to legal uncertainty. Various suggestions will be made regarding the amendment or desired interpretation of these definitions.
Note: Towards filling the gaps in the public violence judgment of S v Mei
Authors: Khumalo Khulekani
Published: February 2022

None
Effect of Light Emitting Diode (LED) Curing Modes on Depth of Cure (DoC) in BulkFill Composite Resin: an invitro study
Authors: Haji Zainab , Ghafoor Robia
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the depth of cure in smart dentin replacement bulkfill composite resins polymerized by constant, pulse and ramped light-emitting diode curing modes.
Method: The in vitro experimental study was conducted in November and December 2019 at the dental clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised cylindrical composite specimens 8x4mm in size which were polymerised in Teflon using light-emitting diode under constant mode in Group 1, pulse mode in Group 2 and ramped mode in Group 3. Once polymerised, each specimen was extruded from the mould and, using the International Organisation for Standardisation-4049 scrapping method, uncured resin was removed. Specimen lengths were measured with a Vernier calliper. Each specimen was measured thrice and the mean was taken as the depth of cure. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Result: Of the 33 specimens, there were 11(33.3%) in each of the 3 groups.  Mean depth of cure in Group 1 was 2.92±0.29mm, in Group 2 it was 2.88±0.27mm, and it was 3.18±0.26mm in Group 3.  The difference between Group 2 and Group 3 was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Maximum depth of cure of smart dentin replacement bulkfill composite was achieved by ramped cure mode of light-emitting diode unit, followed by constant and pulse modes.
Key Words: Composite resin, Curing light, Surefil SDR flow, In vitro techniques.
Effect of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy under guidance of B-ultrasound for the treatment of complex renal calculi
Authors: Zhang Jiajie , Xiao Ning , Huang Kun , Xu Fangming , Pan Gaoyu , Bo Ge
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy guided by B-ultrasound in the treatment of complex renal calculi. A total of 82 patients with complex renal calculi were selected, who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotripsy guided by B-ultrasound. The average operation time was 101.52 ±8.35 minutes, the average intraoperative bleeding volume was 132.86 ±7.22 ml, the average hospital stay was 10.47 (±1.68) days, the primary calculi clearance rate was 85.37% (70 cases), and the secondary calculi clearance rate was 95.12% (78 cases). Postoperative complications occurred in 18 (21.95%) cases, including fever in 13 (15.85%), residual stone in 4 (4.88%), and delayed bleeding in 1 (1.22%) case. The findings show that percutaneous nephrolithotripsy guided by B-ultrasound is safe and effective in the treatment of complex renal calculi and is suitable for popularisation and application in primary hospitals.
Key words: B-ultrasound; complex renal calculi; percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Wind Power Prediction Using Neural Networks with Different Training Models
Authors: Babbar Sana Mohsin , Langah Tameer Hussain
Published: February 2022

Energy in any form is a vital source of producing electricity for daily utilization. Wind energy source as renewable energy is playing a pivotal role in generating power from electric gird owing to environmentally friendly feature. Due to the volatile and intermittent nature of wind energy, fluctuations and disparities occur in installing, monitoring, and planning in an energy management system. Therefore, forecasting and prediction are promising solutions to address mismanagement at the grid. Consequently, machine learning tools specifically neural networks have created a huge impact in forecasting wind power. In this study, the feed-forward neural network is adopted for predicting wind power. Additionally, for having precise and efficient results, different training models i.e. one-step sacent, resilient propagation, Bayesian regularization, scaled-conjugate gradient back propagations, and Levenberg-Marquardt are used to make the comparative analysis. From the simulations and results, it was concluded that Bayesian regularization training model is performing best and achieving high accuracy by obtaining 1.66 of RMSE and 6.06 of %MAPE. Eventually, it is concluded that neural networks can be a good choice to predict wind power for optimal solutions. Moreover, the proposed model can be applied to other renewable energy source predictions.
Analysis of Media Communication Systems Utilization for Natural Disaster Emergency Response Management in Reducing The Risk of Victims in Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Sirajuddin  , Cangara Hafied , Suriamihardja Dadang A. , Unde Andi Alimuddin
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the significant contribution of communication systems in the form of information sharing (X1), collaboration (X2), and coordination (X3) through the use of media (Y1) to disaster management in Kendari and North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. This research method uses a survey method with a quantitative research approach. In this study, the variables in question are information sharing (X1), collaboration (X2), coordination (X3) through the media (Y1). Sampling using a proportional sampling technique of 60 samples. Data collection techniques through questionnaires to respondents for primary data, while observation and interviews as complementary methods for data collection. The calculations for reliability testing are carried out through SPSS 25 computer program. The result of the study shows that The communication system for natural disaster emergency response in the form of information sharing (X1), collaboration (X2), coordination (X3) through the use of media (Y1) has a significant and robust effect simultaneously on disaster management in reducing the risk of victims in Kendari, and North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province.
Slum-dwelling Children Community Engagement by Tertiary Sociology Students of Rajshahi University: A Beneficiary Approach to Learning
Authors: Rana Md. Mithu , Islam Md. Shahidul , Islam Md. Ariful
Published: February 2022

The study has focused on the condition of children in the community, initiatives of tertiary sociology students for successful engagement, changes of the slum-dwelling children, and attainment of graduate and professional skills. A mixed-method of social survey, FGDs (Focus Group Discussion), and participant observation with close and open-ended questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, checklists, and Likert scale techniques have been used to collect primary data. The findings of the study show that students’ engagement helps to meet children’s educational, socialization, health care, and co-curricular needs and rights and some other needs of community people. It brings benefits for engaged students building stronger relations with graduate institutions, different organizations, and job providers, and attaining several graduate and professional skills, and abilities to become successful in personal and professional life.