bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Contribution to the Flora of Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh)
Authors: Saxena H. O.
Published: May 2024

Pachmarhi, a popular hill station of Madhya Pradesh, having in it the highest hill top (Dhupgarh) of central India, presents very interesting features in its flora. It has received attention by several botanists due to its popularity and importance from floristic point of view and a number of contributions to the flora were made by them (Gamble 1892, Graham 1914-15, Pandey & Srivastava 1952, Rao & Narayanaswamy 1960, Kapoor & Yadav 1962 and others). The present paper records 304 species of flowering plants and ferns, which are reported for the first time from Pachmarhi. Sixteen species are new records for Madhya Pradesh (marked by single asterisk) and twelve for central India (marked by double asterisk). The species, of which previous record was found to be based on wrong identifications have been excluded from the flora, namely Fimbristylis podocarpa Nees & Meyen, Arthraxon serrulatus Hochst., Arundinella nepalensis Trin., Eragrostis nutans (Retz.) Nees ex Steud., Sporobolus elongatus R. Br. and Tripogon pauperculus Stapf.
A Report on the Occurrence of Hydrobryum griffithii (Wall.) Tulasne (Podostemaceae) in Garhwal Himalaya
Authors: Naithani B. D.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Studies on the Limestone Vegetation of Sahasradhara near Dehradun (U. P.)-3. Phytosociological Studies: Synthetic Characters of Vegetation
Authors: Malhotra S. K.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Two New Varieties of Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.) Underw. from India
Authors: Panigrahi G. , Dixit R. D.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
In Memoriam : Dr. John Hutchinson F. R. S. (1884-1972)
Authors: Nayar M. P. , Thothathri K.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Forest Flora of Nichlaul-III. Phytosociological Studies
Authors: Singh S. K. , Dixit S. N.
Published: May 2024

The present paper deals with the phytosociological studies of Nichlaul forest. Important features of the forest concerning geographical location, topography, soil, climate and vegetational composition have been outlined. Eight types of plant communities have been recognised. The phytosociological characters noted in the field on visual estimation are dominance and sociability of perennial species. Only selected associates of the communities have been included in the table.The eight types of communities described appear to be interrelated floristically. The sociological values show that 17.8% of the species are common to all the eight communities indicating a high degree of congnuity.
Studies on Leaf Characters in Malachra capitata L.
Authors: Basu N. C. , Bose S.
Published: May 2024

Studies made on different leaf characters in Malachra capitata showed that the leaf angle is negatively correlated with the length and width of leaves but positively correlated with the area of leaves. The leaf angles are differentiated into three forms according to the position of leaves on the stem.
Genus Pronephrium Presl in India
Authors: Chandra Prakash
Published: May 2024

In the present communication four new combinations of Abacopteris species under the name Pronephrium are proposed as the generic name Abacopteris Fee has been antedated by Pronephrium Presl (Holttum, 1971 ; Holttum and Chandra, 1971). The morphology of sporophyte and gametophyte of five Indian species of Pronephrium viz. P. lakhimpurense, P. nudatum, P. penangianum, P. stenopodum and P. triphyllum is also described.
Some Additions to the List of Plants of Doda District of Jammu & Kashmir
Authors: Singh Gurcharan , Wafai B. A.
Published: May 2024

The paper lists an additional 56 species of flowering plants for Doda district of Jammu & Kashmir. The collections pertain to the Bhaderwah proper and its outskirts forming the part of Bhaderwah tehsil.
Curcumorpha - A New Genus of Zingiberaceae
Authors: Rao A. S. , Verma D. M.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Epidermal and Venation Studies in Apocynaceae-IV
Authors: Chandra V. , Mitra R. , Kapoor S. L. , Kapoor L. D.
Published: May 2024

Epidermal characters and venation pattern of the leaves of eight species of Apocynaceae, viz. Adenium multiflorum Klotzsch, Allamanda violacea Gardn., Carissa grandiflora A.DC., Catharanthus pusillus (Murr.) G. Don, Ichnocarpus frutescens R.Br., Kopsia fruticosa A .DC., Strophanthus hispidus DC., and Trachelospermum jasminoides Lem. have been studied.
Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr., a New Record for India from Western Himalaya
Authors: Arora C. M.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Notes on Unknown Fruits and Seeds of some Plants from South India
Authors: Chandrabose M.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Wild Arboreum Cotton of Baroda-a Primitive form of Gossypium arboreum Linn.
Authors: Oza G. M.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Occurrence of Chonemorpha griffithii Hook. F. and Psilotrichum Ferrugineum (Rob.) Moq. in the Kumaon Region
Authors: Pant P. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Note on Urtica urens Linn. (Urticaceae)
Authors: Aswal B. S.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Some Useful and Medicinal Plants of Chandrapur District (Maharashtra State)
Authors: Malhotra S. K. , Moorthy S.
Published: May 2024

In the present communication 126 useful and medicinal plants are reported from the Chandrapur district (Maharashtra State).
The Bibliography on the Flora and Vegetation of Bengal with an Introductory Note
Authors: Basak R. K.
Published: May 2024

A brief account of the history of explorations and taxonomic studies on vascular plants in Bengal is presented. The bibliography has about 500 references and includes most of the literature on the flora and vegetation of Bengal and some related topics. It is a step towards preparing the revised floras of the state of West Bengal and Bangledesh.
Medicinal Plants among Certain Adibasis in India
Authors: Jain S. K. , Banerjee D. K. , Pal D. C.
Published: May 2024

The authors are engaged in ethnobotanical studies among certain tribal populations of India. Field work was done among the Chenchu, Reddi, Valmiki and Gond tribes in Andhra Pradesh and Saora and Kondh tribes in Orissa States of India.Tne indigenous plants wed by the Adibasis for food and medicine were particularly studied. Tne present paper deals with some more important medicinal plants encountered in the area of study. Tnirty-two species are discussed; these belong to 21 families and 29 genera of Angiosperms. Tne botanical name, family, habit, local names (in Telugu, Kui, Saora or OriYa languages), tribal medicinal uses, locality of observation and voucher herbarium specimens are given.Those tribal uses which do not seem to be recorded in familiar published literature have been marked with an asterisk.An index to 40 diseases referred in the paper is given.
Studies on the Venation Pattern in Ferns I. Anastomoses and, other Features in Adiantum incisum forsk. (A. Caudatum Sensu Bedd., Non Linn. Pro Parte)
Authors: Nair N. C. , Das Anjali
Published: May 2024

Anastomoses, though infrequent, occur in the dichotomous venation of Adiantum incisum Forsk. Generally more than one anastomosis does not occur in 2 single leaflet, but in three leaflets there were two anastomoses each. The anastomoses are classified into seven types. In Type I two branches of a single vein-dichotomy unite and the branches separate immediately after fusion. Type II anastomosis is similar to Type I but the branches do not separate after confluence. In Type III adjacent branches of two vein-dichotomies unite and separate after a short area of confluence. In Type IV two closely adjacent branches of two vein-dichotomies ale interconnected by a very short transverse commissural vein. Type V is similar to Type IV but the commissural vein is obliquely oriented. Type VI is characterized by the formation of an areole by the union of an unbranched arcuate vein and one of the branches of its sister vein lying above it. The region of confluence is very short and the branches again separate. Type VII is similar to Type VI but the branches do not divide after fusion. Vein approximations have been observed in addition to blind vein-endings, sinus vein-dichotomy, detached vein and marginal blind vein-dichotomy. It has been considered that the separation of Hewurdia to a distinct genus is unjustified. Certain phylogenetic aspects of vein-approximations and anastomoses are discussed.
Pteridophytic Flora of Lucknow Disrict (U. P.)
Authors: Tewari R. B.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Unrecorded Species of Lichens from India
Authors: Roychowdhury K. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
The Systematic Position of Genus Creochiton Bl. (Melastomataceae)
Authors: Nayar M. P.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Report on Monogramma paradoxa (Fee) Bedd. in Malaya
Authors: Dixit R. D. , Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Two New Grasses from Marathwada
Authors: Naik V. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
On the Occurrence of Dichanthium pallidum (Hook. F.) Stapf Ex C. E. C. Fischer in Northern India
Authors: Battacharya U. C. , Uniyal B. P.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Notes on Cratoxylum formosum ssp. Pruniflorum (Kurz) Gog. (Hypericaceae Sensu Stricto)
Authors: Biswas S. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Third List of Species and Genera of Indian Phanerogams not Included in J. D. Hooker's Flora of British India (Excluding Bangladesh, Burma, Ceylon, Malayan Peninsula and Pakistan)
Authors: Nayar M. P. , Ramamurthy K.
Published: May 2024

Calder et al. (1926) presented the first list of Phancrogams not included in J.D. Hooker's Flora of British India and it covered a span of twenty six years between 1898-1924. Razi (1959) enumerated the second list of Indian Phanerogams supplementing Calder's list for the period from 1924 to 1950 and this again covered a period of twenty six years. The third list now presented by the authors spanned a period of twenty five years (1950-1975) and the plants enumerated is geographically delimited to India, Bhutan and Nepal. In the present list the authors have listed about 1000 taxa of Phanerogams added to the Indian flora supplementing the lists of Calder (1926) and Razi (1959). The countries Bhutan and Nepal are part of Himalayan region and for any study of Himalayan flora of India, it is necessary to understand the floristic elements of Nepal and Bhutan since many Himalayan elements occur in the contiguous territories of India, Bhutan and Nepal.
Notes on some Rare Plants Collected from Nilgiri District, South India
Authors: Subba Rao G. V. , Kumari G. R. , Chandrasekaran V.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Cytotaxonomical Studies in the Genus Setcreasea
Authors: Bose Smritimoy
Published: May 2024

Cytological studies have been done in two species of Setcreasea. In Setcreasm purpurea a somatic chromosome number of 12 has been observed and in S. brevifolia an aneuploid number of 2n = 25 has been found. Three major types of chromosomes have been observed m the karyotypes of both taxa. The cytological situation in the two taxa has been observed to, be similar to that of Tradescantia. Meiotic behaviour in S. purpurea is regular while in S. brevifolia it is irregular. The irregularity in the latter taxon is doubtless connected with aneuploidy and structural hybridity. The finding of diploid pollen grains in S. purpurea and S. brevifoliacould have been due to the failure of the chromosomes or chromatids to go to different poles, disturbance in spindle formation, or possibly to a complete failure of cell wall development. Many cases have been found of abnormal cvtokinesis in pollen grain formation. Polyploidy, structural hybridity and hybridization has been considered to be playing major role in evolutionary tendencies in Setcreasea.In view of the cytological and morphological characteristics, it has been suggested that the genus is related to Zebrina and its relationship with Cyanotis is remote. Taking all these factors into consideration, it appears that Setcreasea will be in more natural systematic position if separated widely from Cyanotis and placed near Zebrina.
Studies in the Tubiflorae of Nagpur III. a Carpological Study
Authors: Nafday Usha R.
Published: May 2024

The paper presents results of a carpological study of the Tubiflorae of Nagpur based on author's personal acquaintance with more than 150 local species belonging to fourteen out of fifteen Indian plant families of the order. The "syncarpellous, epichlamydous" fruit has a persistent calyx that often exhibits a diagnostic form. Drupe, berry, capsule and schizocarp are the four principal types. Nine families may be broadly classed as "monocarpi" and the remaining five as "bicarpic". Distribution of these fruit types in the order offers no clue to their relative antiquity. While a broad correlation may be seen between fruit type and habit, exceptions are not wanting. Taxonomic value of fruit characters and inadequacies in the existing system of classification of fruits have been discussed. While existence throughout the order of a fundamentally uniform fruit-type adds weight to the view that "the Tubiflorae form a natural group", the several variations of this type indicate lines of specialisation within this large taxon.
Physiological Criteria in Aid of Taxonomy of Angiosperms
Authors: Rama Das V. S.
Published: May 2024

In the past little attention was paid in the direction of utilising comparative biochemical studies towards a better understanding of Phylogenetic relationships of plants. In recent years with the advent of filter paper partition chromatography several investigators have, however, made comparison of chemical composition of higher plants within a particular taxon and between different taxa. Taxonomical correlations were attempted and the relation of conclusions arrived by this technique to the taxon omicai concepts based on morphological studies were examined. In the present study a survey of the literature available in this field was made. The survey indicated that the data available do not as yet permit the drawing of significant conclusions but they are interesting enough to warrant further exploration to examine the potentialities of comparative biochemical technique in taxonomy. The available work is strongly suggestive that biochemical technique can be a useful addition to the conventional methods in the study of taxonomy.
A Key to the Identification of the Cyperaceae of Gujarat
Authors: Sabnis S. D.
Published: May 2024

In order to facilitate identification, a key based on field and herbarium studies, is presented in this paper. Much importance, no doubt, has been given to the inflorescence character but other characters such as those of nut, stigma etc. have not been lent sight of. The key leads directly to the identification of the plant itself, which is a definite departure from the routine keys to genera and species.
The Nature and Origin of Plant Viruses with an Incursion into Virus Nomenclature
Authors: Sadasivan T. S.
Published: May 2024

Eversince, the chemical nature of not only the anisometric tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) but also the crystalline viruses like bushy stunt of tomato, tobacco necrosis virus, turnip yellow mosaic virus and others have been characterized, sap transmissible viruses have been shown to be good antigens and that their antisera had group specificity aiding identification. Whilst symptomatology alone was found unreliable and of insufficient means for diagnosis and classification of viruses, serology, chemical and physical structure of viruses and the modes of transmission have played an important role in virus nomenclature. However, it is premature to think of orthodox binomial and trinomial nomenclature as practised in fungal classification playing a role in virus terminology, Anisometric and crystalline viruses are comparatively simple chemical entities (as compared with animal viruses) and are essentially nucleoproteins where the RNA (ribonucleic acid) core has a shell of protein in a helical pattern serving as a protective coating. The infectivity of the nucleic acid alone (which is hardly 6% of the nucleoproteiri) has been proved beyond doubt whereas, the protein (which is the bulk of the virus) does not count for infectivity but plays an important role in serological reactions and consequently is of immense value in grouping viruses. Nevertheless, size, shapes and structure of viruses are of considerable significance as a tool in virus classification of rodshaped particles. Spherical virus particles, however, have not lent themselves to this approach. A somewhat similar approach to classification has been made by using specific vector-virus relationships.In the speculative field of origin of viruses, the free gene or plasmagene theory of Darlington seems to find little support at present. Nonetheless, a biochemical approach is still valid and as all the ribonucleic acid (RNA) in the TMV appears to be present in a single polynucleotide chain, a break in this chain has to be transmitted intact to the recipient cell to enable reduplication. That the RNA may be replicated in the cells is, therefore, not to be regarded as a shortlived messenger carrying genetic information from nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to protein. Stretching this argument one could conceive of a further step to the self-perpetuating RNA molecule capable of directing protein synthetic mechanisms in recipient cells to specific products.
Hydrophyte Vegetation of Jhalukbari
Authors: Sathyanarayana G.
Published: May 2024

A study of hydrophyte vegetation of the area ipentioned above is made and the plants are enumerated and arranged under the system of classification of Bentham and Hooker.14 dicot families with 27 species and 12 monocot families with 38 species are represented. In all monocots exceed the dicots in number, though mor6 dicot families are present. Among the monocots Cyperaceae is the largest with 9 species, while Nymphaeaceae and Scrophulariaceae rank first and second among the dicots with 6 and 5 species respectively.
The Vegetation along the Seashores in Salsette Island, Bombay
Authors: Shah G. L.
Published: May 2024

The information about the vegetation along the seashore is scant. After an intensive exploration of various areas in the salsette island, this paper is prepared to given an account of the vegetation along see-creeks near juhu, versova, Madh island, Malad, and Ghodbunder. The vegetation is described under the headlings Mangroves and vegetation along the edges of the sea creeks.
The Classification of the Hyphomycetes
Authors: Subramanian C. V.
Published: May 2024

The classification of the Hyphomycetes is discussed with special reference to spore types conidiophore behaviour and initiation and development of spores. Eight basic morphological spore types are recognized : the blastospore, the gangliospore, the phialospore, the porospore, the arthrospore, the meristem-arthrospore, the spiculospore and the chlamydospore. No taxonomic significance is attached to the chlamydospore. It is pointed out that the forms now placed in the Mucedinaceae the Dematiaceae, the Tuberculariaceae and the Stilhaceae of Saccardo may be placed in six Families as suggested by the author earlier : (i) the Torulaceae (Type genus, Tonila Pers. ex Fries) for forms producing blastospores ; (ii) the Bactridiaceae (Type genus, Bactridium Kunze ex Fries) for those producing gangliospores ; (iii) the Tuberculariaceae (Type genus, Tubercularia Tode ex Fries) for those producing phialospores ; (iv) the Helminthosporiaceae (Type genus, Helminthosporium Link ex Fries) for those producing porospores ; (v) the Geotrichaceae (Type genus, Geotrichum Link ex Sacc.) for those producing arthrospores ; and (vi) the Coniosporiaceae (Type genus, Coniosporium Link ex Fries) for those producing meristem-arthrospores. The Families are subdivided into Sections on the basis of characters of the conidiophore related to spore initiation and development, the presence or absence and nature of "sporogenous cells", the presence or absence of "separating cells" and certain distinct modes of spore formation which are outlined. Twenty-four Sections are delimited and tentatively keyed out : thirteen in the Torulaceae, four in the Bactridiaceae, two each in the Tuberculariaceae the Helminthosporiaceae and the Geotrichaceae, and one in the Coniosporiaceae. A separate Section is provisionally suggested for forms producing spiculospores. Typical examples of genera for each Section are given together with illustrations. Some of the difficulties still requiring solution are mentioned, including those relating to speculations about the classification of the Hyphomycetes vis-a-vis their perfect stages so far as known. It is emphasized that critical and thorough studies on generic types inadequately or imperfectly understood are an urgent necessity.
The Rubiaceae in Assam and North East Frontier Agency
Authors: Kar S. K. , Panigrahi G.
Published: May 2024

The paper presents the distribution and relative abundance of 123 taxa including 118 species belonging to 47 genera of the family Rubiaceae in Assam and North East Frontier Agency. The family is best represented in the tropical and subtropical evergreen and semievergreen forests, comparatively less abundant in deciduous forests and gressland vegetation, most poorly represented in temperate altitudes and altogether absent from subalpine and alpine situations. Hedyotis macrophylla Wall., Ixora finlaysoniana Wall. ex G. Don and Borreria ocymoides DC. have turned. up as new records for Eastern India. Similarly, Nauclea gageana King and Ophiorrhiza caudipetala C. B. Clarke not recorded by Hooker (1880, 1881), Cooke (1904), Gamble (1921), Haines (1922), Mooney (1950) and Kanjilal et al. (1939) in their respective floras, have also been collected from this area. The specie of economic importance have also been listed under different categories on the basis of utility.
On the Occurrence of Two Species of Hypochoeris Linn. in Nilgiris, South India
Authors: Kammathy R. V.
Published: May 2024

A chromosomal count of Hypochoeris plants collected at Ootacamund indicated the identity of those plants as H. radicata L., thus pointing to its presence in the Nilgiris, in addition to H. glabra L. reported in earlier works. This is confirmed by a detailed morphological study of living plants and herbarium specimens. A gradation in morphological characters between the two species leading to a possibility of interspecific hybridization is suggested. This may also account for the earlier misidentification of H. radicata with H. glabra. A table showing distinctive characters of the two species is provided.
The Vegetation of Kudiraimoli Teri, Tirunelveli District, Madras State
Authors: Ramamurthy K.
Published: May 2024

A detailed floristic and ecological study of Kudiraimoli Teri has been made during 1961-62. The whole range of forest is divided into South West and North East zones. The vegetation of North East zone is formed by pure formation of Borassus flabellifer and that of the South West zone is formed by the scrub jungle type.The vegetative analysis of the scrub vegetation has been made by quadrat study. The quantitative analytic characters of the species of the type have been worked out.Among the 105 species distributed under 45 families studied from this region, the family Leguminosae forms the physiognomic family dominance.
Schouwia arabica (Vahl) A. P. Dc-A Brassicacea (Crucifera) New in Maharashtra State
Authors: Sathyanarayana Rao A.
Published: May 2024

Schouwia arabica (Vahl) A. P. DC. native of Abyssinia, Arabia and Egypt, is now found to occur in Maharashtra State, obviously as an accidental introduction. Its nomenclature is discussed. The plant is described, with a plate of analytical drawings.
Triterpenoids III: Lupeol from Samanea saman (JACQ.) Merr.
Authors: P. C.
Published: May 2024

Lupeol has been isolated in 0.07% yield in the non-saponifiable fraction of the pericarp-mesocarp portion of the pods of Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr.
Botanical Gardens in the U. S. S. R.
Authors: Rau M. A.
Published: May 2024

In the system of Scientific Botanical Gardens of the Soviet Union, there are 91 Gardens located in different climatic zones. These Gardens are important centres of research for scientific studies of plant introduction, acclimatisation, drought and frost resistance and other problems and are provided with well equipped laboratories. The Gardens are also recognised post-graduate training centres. The impressions gathered by the author during a recent visit to some of these well known Gardens of the Soviet Union are briefly recorded in this paper.
A Note on the Taxonomy and Cytology of Pyrrosia nummularifolia (Sw.) Ching and Pyrrosia obovata (Bl.) Ching
Authors: Patnaik S. N.
Published: May 2024

The discovery of great range of morphological intergrades between the orbicular sterile fronds o. very carnose texture with cordate or rounded base on stipes 1-2 mm. long, characteristic of Pyrrosia nummularifolia (Sw.) Ching and obovate or spathulate fronds of carnosopapyraceous texture with cuneate base on stipes 1-2 cm. long as assigned to Pyrrosia obovata (B1.) Ching, suggests that P. obovata should be merged in P. nummularifolia on the basis of the rule of priority and there is no justification whatsoever to assign the former even the status of a variety or forma of the latter species.The cytological findings of n = 37 and 2n = 74 in Pyrrosia nummularifolia (Sw.) Ching from the Khasi Hills conform to one of the two basic chromosome numbers x = 36 and 37 discovered so far within the genus Pyrrosia.
Botanical Exploration in Hamirpur District (U. P.) with Special Reference to Mahoba Aquatics
Authors: Bhattacharyya U. C. , Malhotra C. L.
Published: May 2024

The paper includes an account of the vegetation of the Hamirpur District in South Uttar Pradesh as observed by the authors during three seasonal visits during 1961-62. The District has a large number of picturesque artificial lakes and water reservoirs and the aquatic flora has been given particular attention. The information gathered in this connection has been summarised in a table. The paper also includes an enumeration of more than 400 species of flowering plants and ferns which were gathered during the three collection tours.
Mosses Collected during Nilkanth and Chaukhamba Expedition-1959
Authors: Vohra J. N. , Wadhwa B. M.
Published: May 2024

The mosses collected during I.A.F. Expedition to Nilkanth and Chaukhamba peaks in the year 1959 are listed with brief field notes. These comprise 60 species covering 13 families and 35 genera and include 2 new records for India and 3 for Western Himalayas.
Observations on the Vegetation of Eastern Kumaon Bordering the Nepal Frontier
Authors: Ananda Rao T.
Published: May 2024

The paper describes some of the observations made during a botanical exploration tour of Eastern Kumaon bordering the Nepal Frontier and includes a list of plants collected with brief botanical notes. Among the plants collected are specimens of Triosteum hirsutum Wall., a rare member of Caprifoliaceae, Stylophorum lactucoides Benth. & Hook. f. of the Papaveraceae rarely collected in the past, Osmunda regalis L. and Thesium himalense Royle.
Herbaria and Botanical Museums in the U. S. S. R.
Authors: Rau M. A.
Published: May 2024

The paper gives a brief account of some of the impressions gathered during a recent visit to the important Herbaria and Botanical Museums of the Soviet Union located in Leningrad, Moscow, Kiev, Minsk, Tbilissi and Tashkent.
A Note on the Flora of Lucknow District
Authors: Sharma Prakash Chandra
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Illicium Cambodianum Hance-a New Record for India
Authors: Subba Rao G. V. , Kumari T. R.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Taxonomic Studies on Indian Guttiferae III. the Genus Garcinia Linn. S.l.
Authors: Maheshwari J. K.
Published: May 2024

The paper deals with the taxonomic treatment of the genus Garcinia Linn, (including Xanthochymus Roxb.) as occurring in India. The study was undertaken with a view to enumerate the wild types of Indian Garcinias that produce the 'gummi-gutt' or gamboge of commerce and which may be utilized in the improvement of the fruit of mangosteen (G. mangostana Linn.). Thirty five species are recognized in the area, of which thirty one species occur wild ; the rest are introduced into cultivation. Ten species are restricted to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. One Burmese species, G. loniceroides T. Anders., has been discovered in Assam. A new variety of G. echinocarpaThwaites, namely var. monticola Mahesh., is reported from southern India. These are described in detail and their synonymy, distribution, uses, vernacular names, etc. are ascertained. A key to the species is presented.G. eugeniaefolia Wall, ex T. Anders., is incorporated in G. brevirostris Scheff. G. ovalifolia Hook.f. var. macrantha T. Anders, (syn. G. malabarica Talb., non Desr.) is raised to specific rank as G. talbotii Raiz. ex Santapau. G. affinis Wall, ex Pierre, G. pictoria Roxb., and G. acuminata Planch. & Triana, are treated as distinct species. T. Anderson (1874) in the Flora of British India has united G. kydia Roxb. with G. cowa Roxb. It is concluded here that these species should be kept separate. The details are discussed in this paper.
Deciduous Forests of Devarayadurga, Mysore State
Authors: Rao R. S. , Sastry A. R.
Published: May 2024

The present paper gives a preliminary account of the flora of the deciduous forests of Devarayadurga near Tumkur, Mysore State. The general composition of the vegetation which varies considerably from the valleys to the high hill tops has been described. 203 species belonging to 59 families of vascular plants are enumerated, of which families like Fabaceae, Poaceae, Asteraceae and Gommelinaceae are well represented.
A Visit to the Valley of Flowers and Lake Hemkumd in North Garhwal, U. P.
Authors: Rau M. A.
Published: May 2024

The paper gives a brief account of the vegetation in the valley and around Lake Hemkund in late autumn as observed by the author during a recent visit. The paper also records, for the first time, the occurrence of Epipogium tuberosum Duthie, the rare saprophytic orchid which was previously known orfly from Kashmir and was recently recorded from Kulu Himalayas, thus extending its known distribution further eastwards. A photograph of the singular woolly species of Saussurea gathered at an altitude of 4400 m is included.
An Account of the Flowering Plants of Indore District in Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Rao A. S. , Sastry A. R.
Published: May 2024

This account of the flowering plants of Indore district is based on the observations made during 1961, 1962 and 1963. The enumeration includes 566 species 373 genera and 94 famalies of the flowering plants. The nomenclature has been revised to conform to modern taxonomic usage in accordance with the Montreal Code.
A Note on Chilocarpus malabaricus Bedd. (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Raghavan R. S.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A New Variety of Elatostema lineolatum Wt. from Agastyamalai Hills, Madras State
Authors: Henry A. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Nature and Purpose of Botanical Classification from the Standpoint of the Producer, Particularly with Respect to Tropical Plants
Authors: Van Steenis C. G. G. J.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Delimitation and Subdivision of the Acanthaceae
Authors: Bremekamp C. E. B.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Sketch of the Vegetation of Jalpaiguri District of West Bengal
Authors: Mukerjee S. K.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Algarum Species Ex India Oriundae
Authors: Srinivasan K. S.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Annual Report of the Indian Botanic Garden, Calcutta for 1961-62 (One Hundred and Seventy-Fifth Report)
Authors: . .
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Preliminary Observation on the Orchidaceae of South India
Authors: Rao A. V. N.
Published: May 2024

In this paper information on 84 species of orchids of South India preserved in the Regional Herbarium, Coimbatore and under cultivation in the Orchidarium at Yercaud, is furnished. This is based on the data collected in the field and observations made in the Orchidarium. The nomenclature of these orchids has been brought up-to-date, wherever possible.
Biosystematics of Indian Plants IV: Portulaca oleracea and P. quadrifida in Punjab
Authors: Khoshoo T. N. , Singh Rajinder
Published: May 2024

A large collection of two polymorphic weeds, Portulaca oleracea Linn. and P. quadrifida Linn., originating from diverse sources, was cultivated under uniform conditions. This experiment revealed the extent and nature of be genetic variation in the two species. In the former there were found three qualitatively distinguishable variants all at hexaploid (n=27) level, while in the latter there were only two quantitatively distinct variants at 6x (n=27) and 12x levels. All these have been evaluated biosystematically.
A Contribution to the Flora of Pakhal and Surrounding Regions in Narasampet Taluk, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Sebastine K. M. , Henry A. N.
Published: May 2024

The paper presents a detailed account of the flora of the Pakhal Reserve Forest and the surrounding regions in Narasampet Taluk, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh. Intensive botanical explorations were carried out by the authors in the region during the years 1960-63.As a result of the explorations 254 species of plants belonging to 198 genera and 70 families have been collected and recorded for the region. The paper contains an enumeration of the above species.
A Note Heliotropium cornutum Johnst
Authors: Arora R. K. , Banerjee S. P.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Bruguiera hainesii Rogers from the Sundribans-A New Record
Authors: Mukerjee S. K.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Prosopis glandulosa Torr.-A New Record for Peninsular India
Authors: Sreemadhavan C. P.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
The Story of Indian Tea
Authors: Santapau H.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Contribution to the Botany of Madhya Pradesh-I (Dilleniaceae to Moringaceae)
Authors: Panigrahi G. , Arora C. M. , Verma D. M. , Singh V. N.
Published: May 2024

The paper which represents the first part of a series of communications on the flowering plants from Madhya Pradesh presents an enumeration of 164 species belonging to the families Dilleniaceae to Moringaceae, following Bentham & Hooker's (1883) System. Notes on habitat, flowering and fruiting season, exact localities from where the species have been collected together with the field nos. of the collectors', abundance in the area are appended to every species enumerated.
Notes on some New Distribution Records for North India
Authors: Raghavendra Bubu Ch.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Ecological Studies of Saurashtra Coast and Neighbouring Islands: IV. Piram Island
Authors: Anand Rao T. , Aggarwal K. R. , Mukherjee A. K.
Published: May 2024

The Plant ecology of Piram, a small narrow off shore island situated 21Â°36':72Â°21' in the Gulf of Cambay is presented in this paper. Based on habitat, substratum and edaphic features the plant communities of the island have been distinguished into 7 main categories under three vegetational zones. 74 species are enumerated and the flora resembles the one on mainland. The first ecologically annotated list of Vascular plants will form a background for a study of future changes.
Studies in Indian Euphorbiaceae: I. Kurziodendron-A New Genus from Andaman Islands
Authors: Balakrishnan N. P.
Published: May 2024

A new genus, Kurziodendron in Euphorbiaceae based on Sabia viridissima Kurz is described with illustrations.
Phylogeny of the Microspermae-I
Authors: Pai R. M.
Published: May 2024

The paper discusses the comparative floral morphology of the Burmanniaceae, the Apostasiaceae and the Orchidaceae on the basis of an earlier study of this author on Burmannia pusilla. The affinities and the evolutionary problem of the taxa concerned are discussed and it is thought that the Englerian arrangement of retaining the three families under a single order to be more in accordance with the facts. The need for further studies to adduce more evidence in connection with the phylogeny of the Microspermae as a whole is pointed out.
Some New Distribution Records for North Western Himalayas
Authors: Nair N. C. , Pant P. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Notes on Indian Species of Ludwigia
Authors: Sreemadhavan C. P.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Three New Combinations in Aizoaceae
Authors: Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Note on the Nomenclature of Amaranthus polygamus of Hooker's Flora of British India
Authors: Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Contribution to the Flora of Khari Reserve Forest, Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Joseph J. , Vajravelu E.
Published: May 2024

This paper presents the essential features of topography, soil type, climate, vegetation and floristic composition of Khari Reserve Forest, Mandla District, Madhya Pradesh. It includes an enumeration list of about 388 species belonging 286 genera and 86 families of Angiosperms and Pteridophytes.
Studies in Indian Euphorbiaceae-II. The Genus Doryxylon zoll
Authors: Balakrishnan N. P.
Published: May 2024

Doryxylon albicans (Bl.) Balak. Comb. Nov., treated as the correct name for Sumbavia macrophylla Muell.-Arg. is described with illustrations.
Notes on Orchids of Bhutan-II : Some New or Imperfectly Known Species
Authors: Balakrishnan N. P. , Chowdhury S.
Published: May 2024

Bulbophyllum densiflorum Rolfe, Sarcanthus williamsonii Reichb. f., Panisea tricallosa Rolfe and Bulbophyllum amplifolium (Rolfe) comb. nov. new records for Bhutan; B. leopardinum Lindl. var. tuberculatum var. nov. are described with illustrations, as also the imperfectly known Pholidota imbricata Lindl. var. sessilis Hook. f.
Contribution to the Flora of Karimnagar District, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Subba Rao G. V. , Kumari T. R.
Published: May 2024

The Flora of Karimnagar District was studied in three seasonal visits. 434 taxa were collected and enumerated here. Leguminosae, Gramineae, Cyparaceae, Cornpositae and Acanthaceae are well represented in this area. Two Western Ghat plants, viz. Curcuma pseudomontana Grah. and Theriophonum wightii Schott are reported here from Andhra Pradesh for the first time.
The Grasses of Kashmir
Authors: Stewart Ralph R.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
New Records of Plants from South India
Authors: Subba Rao G. V. , Kumari G. R.
Published: May 2024

The plants recorded here are not reported by earlier authors from the area. Detailed descriptions, important synonyms and salient distinguishing characters are given for each of the present new records to supplement the brief descriptions available in the existing floras and to facilitate easy identification. Comprehensive distribution data is also presented for all the plants reported in this paper.
A Contribution towards a Flora of Biligirirangan Hills, Mysore State
Authors: Kammathy R. V. , Rao A. S. , Rao R. S.
Published: May 2024

Biligirirangan hills in Mysore State are somewhat isolated from the other hill ranges in the Western ghats, and the Nilgiris. This sketch of the vegetation is based on detailed collections made by the authors as well as the collections made some 28 years ago by Barnes. The enumeration includes 825 species of vascular plants under 484 genera and 133 families.
Note on Spergularia fallax Lowe in Northern India
Authors: Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
A Note on the Nomenclature of Laggera flava (DC.) Benth. Of Hooker's Flora of British India
Authors: Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Rhynchoglossum lazulinum - A New Species of Gesneriaceae
Authors: Rao A. S. , Joseph J.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
On the Identity of Boerhavia punarnava Saha et Krishnamurthy
Authors: Nair N. C.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Nertera Sinensis Hemsl.- A New Find from Subansiri Distrfm, N.E.F.A., India
Authors: Sastry A. R. K , Deka H.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Nomenclatural Changes in Indian Plants
Authors: Henry A. N.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Lagenandra undulata - A New Species of Araceae
Authors: Ramakrishna Sastry A.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
Floral Variations in Two Species of Jasminum viz. : J. flexile Vahl and J. officinale L
Authors: Inamdar J. A. , Suryanarayana B.
Published: May 2024

No Abstract.
IMPLIKASI FIKIH PENGGUNAAN METODE HISAB WUJÛD AL-HILÂL PADA KALENDER MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Maskufa Maskufa
Published: May 2024

Kalender Hijriyah Muhammadiyah disusun dengan menggunakan metode  hisab wujûd al-hilâl tanpa membedakan fungsi kalender untuk ibadah dan muamalat atau administrasi. Tiadanya pembedaan fungsi kalender ini menjadikan kalender Muhammadiyah lebih menunjukkan kepastian dalam penetapan hari-hari besar keagamaan sehingga memberikan kemudahan dalam membuat perencanaan kegiatan yang bernuansa keagamaan. Meskipun demikian, masih beragamnya metode yang digunakan dalam penyusunan kalender yang ada di Indonesia menyebabkan penetapan hari-hari besar keagamaan khususnya bulan-bulan yang terkait dengan ibadah masih belum seragam. Perbedaan dalam penggunaan metode ini mempunyai  implikasi fikih yang signifikan seperti puasa Ramadan, hari raya, puasa Arafah, kurban dan zakat. Tulisan ini akan membahas persoalan tersebut dengan menggunakan tiga pendekatan yaitu  ilmu ushul fikih, ilmu astronomi, dan sosiologi.
 
Abstract
Muhammadiyah Islamic lunar calendar is composed on the methodological basis of the emergence of the Moon (wujud al-hilal). This method does not distinguish the function of calendar whether for worship, transaction or administrative objectives. The absence of such limit shows that the Muhammadiyah calendar system strives to put certainty in determining the dates of Islamic holidays so to make Muslims easy to prepare the events far before they are realized. However, unlike the Muhammadiyah, there are different methods of composing the Islamic lunar calendar amongst Islamic organizations in Indonesia. As a result, conflicts amongst Muslims often occur when determining the dates of Islamic worship and event. This, furthermore, has caused legal implication in Islamic law, such as in determining the beginning of the fasting month, the first day of idul fitri and the payment of zakat al-fitr, the fasting in the days of the hajj and the slaughtering of animals. This article will examines the issue of discrepancies in determining the beginning of the Islamic lunar calendar seen from the perspectives of Islamic legal methodology (usul al-fiqh), astronomy and sociology.
KEARIFAN LOKAL AWIK-AWIK DESA SESAOT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Irrubai Mohammad Liwa , Affandi Idrus , Supriatna Nana
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini berisikan laporan penelitian tentang Kearifan Lokal Awik-Awik Desa Sesaot Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam serta bagaimana sejarah lahir, isi/materi, pelaksanaan dan tinjauan hukum Islam pada kearifan lokal awik-awik desa sesaot. Penelitian inimerupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan penelitian etnografi yang dilakukan di Masyarakat Desa Sesaot, Kecamatan Narmada, Kabupaten Lombok Barat, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa awik-awik lahir berdasarkan pentingnya menjaga kelestarian hutan dan diiringi dengan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitar hutan. Atas dasar ini pada tahun 1986 Gubernur NTB mengeluarkan surat keputusan No. 140 tahun 1986 tentang pemanfaatan tanaman kopi dalam areal hutan di wilayah Provinsi Daerah Tingkat I NTB, isi/materi awik-awik terdiri dari anjuran, larangan dan sanksi, pada tahap pelaksanaan melibatkan seluruh anggota masyarakat dan Awik-awik Desa Sesaot dapat dianalisis sebagai adat/’Urf yang tidak bertentangan dengan syara’, maka boleh diamalkan untuk menjaga dan melestarikan lingkungan hidup manusia.
 
Abstract
This article contains research reports on Local Awareness of Sesaot Village in the Perspective of Islamic Law and how history is born, the content / material, implementation and review of Islamic law on local wisdom awik-awik sesaot village. This research is qualitative descriptive research with ethnographic research approach done in Sesaot Village Community, Narmada Sub District, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The results showed that awik-awik was born based on the importance of preserving the forest and accompanied by improving the welfare of people around the forest. On this basis in 1986 the Governor of NTB issued a decision letter No. 140 of 1986 on the use of coffee crops within the forest area in the NTB Provincial Level Region, the content / matter of awik-awik consists of recommendations, prohibitions and sanctions, at the implementation stage involving all members of the community and Awik-Awik Sesaot Village can be analyzed as custom / 'Urf that is not contrary to the syara', it can be practiced to maintain and preserve the human environment.
Effect of Fermented Feeds on Weaned Piglets Experimentally Infected with Escherichia coli
Authors: Karaye Gloria Pisha , Ola-Fadunsin Shola David , Tanko Polycarp Nwunuji , Kudi Caleb Ayuba
Published: May 2024

Sixty large white breed piglets aged between 28 and 35 days were randomly assigned to five replicate groups (Bu1, Bu2, Bd1, Bd2, Bs1, Bs2, Lc1, Lc2, C1, and C2) with six pigs per group. The Bu1 and Bu2 groups were fed with wet and dry basal diets, respectively, supplemented with 0.8 mL (6 x 106 colony-forming units (CFU)) of Lactobacillus isolated from burukutu (beverage made from sorghum grains). The Pg1 and Pg2 groups were fed with wet and dry basal diets, respectively, supplemented with 0.8 mL (6 x 106 CFU/mL) of Lactobacillus isolated from pig hindguts. The Bs1 and Bs2 groups were fed with wet and dry basal diets supplemented with 0.8 mL (6 x 106 CFU/mL) of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus, respectively. The Lc1 and Lc2 groups were fed with wet and dry basal diets supplemented with 0.8 mL (6 x 106 CFU/mL) of Lactobacillus acidophilus, respectively. Meanwhile, the C1 and C2 groups as the control groups were fed with wet and dry basal diets, respectively. The treatment and control animals were infected with Escherichia coli at 6 mL (1 x 1010 CFU/mL) orally. Aseptically collected fecal samples from the piglets in each group showed significant bacteriological and pathological differences. This study suggested that Lactobacillus species isolated from burukutu, pig hindguts, and industrial probiotics could inhibit colibacillosis.
Analysis of Differences in Farmer Income Estimation Between Middlemen and Animeter For Bali Cattle in Jaro Subdistrict, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan
Authors: Aulia Rakhman Muhammad Andika , Soeharsono  , Al-Arif Moh. Anam , Lukiswanto Bambang Sektiari , Triakoso Nusdianto , Ma'ruf Anwar
Published: May 2024

This study investigates differences in farmer income and body weight estimation for male and female Bali cattle in extensive farming in Jaro Subdistrict, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan. A random sampling approach was used, involving farmers from nine villages. Statistical analyses revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the body weights of male Bali cattle measured by an animeter compared to those estimated by middlemen. In contrast, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed for female Bali cattle. These differences significantly impacted farmer income for male cattle because the income estimated by the animeter exceeded that estimated by the middlemen (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed between the two estimation methods for female cattle. In addition, no significant relationship was observed between the estimates made by the middlemen and those made by the animeter for both sexes of Bali cattle. This study used the Monte Carlo simulation to predict demand for male and female Bali cattle in 2024. On average, farmers were able to supply between two and three male Bali cattle and between three to seven female Bali cattle per month. To ensure a steady income, farmers are advised to supply at least one male or female Bali cattle. Moreover, farmer groups are encouraged to compensate for cattle shortages or surpluses, thereby ensuring a stable supply for middlemen and consumers.