bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Captopril Molecules Reveal Strong pH-, Temperature-, And ConcentrationDependent Inhibitory Effect on Nanozymatic Activity of Peroxidase-Like NitrogenDoped Carbon Dots
Authors:   Hormozi Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Zabol 9861334367, Iran., Hormozi Jangi Saeed Reza , Dehghani Zahra ,   Hormozi Laboratory of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Zabol 9861334367, Iran.
Published: December 2024

Herein, peroxidase-like nitrogen-doped carbon dots were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method and then characterized
for their FL properties and enzyme-like activity. Thereafter, the effect of captopril molecules on their nanozymatic activity was
evaluated by calculating their nanozymatic activity in the presence and absence of captopril, revealing a strong inhibitory effect of
captopril on the nanozymatic behavior of peroxidase-like nitrogen-doped carbon dots. The effect of pH on the inhibitory effect of
captopril (2 mg L-1) was evaluated over pH=2.0-6.0, revealing maximal and minimal inhibitory effect at pH=3.5 and pH=6.0, in
order. The temperature-dependent inhibitory experiments exhibited a maximal inhibition percentage over 35-40 ℃ and a minimum
inhibition percentage at 25 ℃. Finally, the concentration-dependent inhibition was also checked in the presence of 0.0-8.0 mg L-1
of captopril, the results reveal that the relative activity of nanozymes was inhibited by increasing the inhibitor concentration and
finally reached about 23% of its initial activity (i.e., 77% inhibition, inhibitor conc. of 8.0 mg L-1)
Impact Analysis of Simulation Parameters on Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Storage Modeling in Aquifers
Authors:   Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA, Dworak Kacper , Boukadi Fathi ,   Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
Published: December 2024

This study presents an in-depth analysis of the variability in numerical simulations of supercritical carbon dioxide injection and
storage. The project focuses on the impact of the grid size and different calculation methods on the outcomes of the simulation.
navigator software has been utilized as the simulator of choice, whereas the three simulation models in question were based on
the CO2STORE, CO2SOL, and GASSOL (with Henry solubility enabled) keywords. The simulation runs were conducted on a
homogeneous, rectangular prism that represented an aquifer. The model underwent a three-year injection process followed by a
100-year-shut-in period that allowed for observations regarding CO2
plume development and migration. The initial conditions
were aligned with the Illinois Basin - Decatur Project. The study compares the efficiency of carbon dioxide dissolution mechanisms
across all models as well as highlights the impact of the grid size on the plume area estimations and computational demand.
Ecclesiae Filius
Authors: Nascimento Neto Josebias Costa do , Moura Filha Maria Berthilde de Barros Lima e , Valadares Pedro Henrique Cabral
Published: December 2024

A cidade do Recife, capital de Pernambuco, assim como outras capitais luso-brasileiras, possui um rico conjunto de pátios católicos que moldaram seu tecido urbano. As pesquisas que analisam como esses espaços, entetanto, foram desenvolvidos e integrados ao contexto urbano ainda são esparsas. Logo, considerando o impacto das igrejas e seus pátios nas práticas sociais e configuração do espaço público; esta pesquisa visa construir uma narrativa acerca dessa herança socioespacial, atribuído ao pátio de São Pedro no Recife-PE, como resultado da hegemonia cristã na produção arquitetônica e urbanística do período colonial brasileiro. Partindo desse princípio, fez-se uma revisão bibliográfica acerca da construção e consolidação das cidades luso-brasileiras sob a ótica da contribuição e sua notória influência cultural, enquanto colônia de Portugal. Portanto, confirma-se a hipótese inicial do trabalho, tendo em vista que o Pátio de São Pedro transcende sua exordial função religiosa e se institui como um espaço multifacetado de memória e identidade na cidade do Recife. Desse modo, pode-se inferir que o objeto de pesquisa têm a sua relevância alicerçada em sua historiografia socioespacial, em seus usos e funções ao longo dos séculos, bem como também em seu traçado urbanístico que remonta a experiência do período colonial do Brasil. Logo, a história do Pátio está intrinsecamente ligada à história da sociedade recifense, sendo este um espaço onde, ao longo dos séculos, as celebrações, sejam profanas e/ou sagradas, os eventos culturais, os comércios e serviços de seu entorno; juntos fortaleceram os traços socioespaciais deste lugar. Assim, o tombamento do local pelo Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) ratifica sua importância cultural, enquanto um bem patrimonial, e reafirma um compromisso com a preservação desse valioso conjunto edificado para as gerações descendentes.
Palavras-chave: Patrimônio cultural. Recife (PE). Pátio de São Pedro.
Cultura popular
Authors: Silva Natasha Hevelyn Oliveira da , Sousa João Morais de
Published: December 2024

No contexto dos estudos culturais, este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o conceito de Cultura Popular, no recorte da manifestação popular do Coco de Roda em Igarassu, dentro de perspectiva sociológica que compreende a cultura popular como resistente ao mercado e às estruturas de poder dominantes. No aporte teórico, a cultura é compreendida como um sistema de símbolos (Geertz, 1978) construído mediante o processo de socialização, ou seja, trata-se dos costumes, hábitos, códigos e crenças que são aprendidos pelos sujeitos a partir da sua inserção na sociedade (Laraia, 2020). Faz-se necessário compreender a cultura como um processo social e material, de modo que as questões relativas à economia não estão separadas da cultura, compondo uma totalidade indissociável. Nessa ótica, a acepção da cultura está intimamente conectada aos conflitos sociais, às questões políticas e todo o arcabouço das relações de poder presente nas sociedades (Canclini, 1983; Williams, 2011). E a cultura popular como referente às tradições, costumes, usos e memórias das classes populares (Bosi, 2000), em que também prepondera o conflito e se estabelece um limiar entre agência e estrutura. Nesse sentido, a cultura popular é compreendida como tenaz e com capacidade para resistir e construir alternativas contra-hegemônicas (Gramsci, 1995; Thompson, 1998). No que tange à metodologia, utilizamos o método qualitativo (Minayo, 2001), uma vez que intentamos uma investigação dos aspectos simbólicos relativos à vivência dessa manifestação. Como técnica de coleta de dados utilizou-se a estratégia da observação direta e participante, e entrevistas semiestruturadas com fazedores do Coco de Roda em Igarassu. Para a análise de dados, foi utilizada a perspectiva crítica de Guareschi (2014) e análise de conteúdo (Bardin, 1997). O resultado desta pesquisa sugeriu que essas manifestações populares vêm resistindo e contribuindo para a formação de agências participativas, solidárias e contra-hegemônicas. Portanto, o impacto social deste trabalho está em desvelar essas realidade, promover visibilidade para a temática e fortalecer a construção de outros trabalhos e políticas públicas que valorizem a cultura popular como parte do desenvolvimento de uma sociedade humana, integrada e diversa.
Palavras-chave: Cultura. Cultura Popular. Resistência.
BLAST: Beyond Limber Angular power Spectra Toolkit. A fast and efficient algorithm for 3x2 pt analysis
Authors: Chiarenza Sofia , Bonici Marco , Percival Will , White Martin
Published: December 2024

The advent of next-generation photometric and spectroscopic surveys is approaching, bringing more data with tighter error bars. As a result, theoretical models will become more complex, incorporating additional parameters, which will increase the dimensionality of the parameter space and make posteriors more challenging to explore. Consequently, the need to improve and speed up our current analysis pipelines will grow. In this work, we focus on the 3×2pt statistics, a summary statistic that has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its great constraining power. These statistics involve calculating angular two-point correlation functions for the auto- and cross-correlations between galaxy clustering and weak lensing. The corresponding model is determined by integrating the product of the power spectrum and two highly-oscillating Bessel functions over three dimensions, which makes the evaluation particularly challenging. Typically, this difficulty is circumvented by employing the so-called Limber approximation, which is an important source of error. We present 𝙱𝚕𝚊𝚜𝚝.𝚓𝚕, an innovative and efficient algorithm for calculating angular power spectra without employing the Limber approximation or assuming a scale-dependent growth rate, based on the use of Chebyshev polynomials. The algorithm is compared with the publicly available beyond-Limber codes, whose performances were recently tested by the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time Dark Energy Science Collaboration. At similar accuracy, 𝙱𝚕𝚊𝚜𝚝.𝚓𝚕 is ≈10- 15× faster than the winning method of the challenge, also showing excellent scaling with respect to various hyper-parameters. 𝙱𝚕𝚊𝚜𝚝.𝚓𝚕 is publicly available on GitHub, and we release a repository where we explain how to use the code.
Flora polínica de Asteraceae da vegetação de restinga da APA Rio Capivara, Litoral Norte da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Santana-Souza Sheila Silva de , Saba Marileide Dias , Silva Francisco Hilder Magalhães e
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever a morfologia polínica de 11 espécies de Asteraceae ocorrentes na restinga da APA Rio Capivara, Litoral Norte do estado da Bahia. Os grãos de pólen foram acetolisados, mensurados, tratados estatisticamente, fotomicrografados e descritos sob microscopia de luz. Os grãos de pólen analisados variaram entre pequenos e médios, predominantemente com forma oblato-esferoidal, menos frequentemente prolato-esferoidal e esférica. O âmbito dos grãos de pólen variou de (sub)circular a subtriangular. Em relação ao tipo apertural, todos apresentaram cólporos em número de três, com ectoaberturas longas, estreitas e largas, extremidades afiladas, endoaberturas lalongadas a circulares, lolongadas em Lepidaploa mucronifolia (DC.) H. Rob. A exina é predominantemente equinada, com presença de cávea em algumas espécies, e lofada apenas em L. mucronifolia. Deste modo, as características observadas demonstraram variabilidade polínica entre espécies de diferentes tribos, corroborando a condição euripolínica atribuída à Asteraceae.
The Effect of Larval Density on Pupation Rate and Time to Emergence from Pupation in $Tenebrio$ $molitor$ Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Reared on Two Different Feeds
Authors: Koç Yeşim
Published: December 2024

In our research, the yellow mealworm, $Tenebrio$ $molitor$ L. was used. The effects of two different foods on the pupation rate and time to emergence from pupation of $T.$ $molitor$ at different larval densities were investigated. The experiments were carried out under continuous dark laboratory conditions with a temperature of 27±2ᵒC and a relative humidity of 60%±5%. Two different nutrient and four larval density groups were used in the study. The first nutrient composition consisted of dry yeast and wheat germ (150 gr in total, 1/2) The second nutrient composition consisted of whole wheat flour and corn flour (150 gr in total, 1/1). Insects were bred primarily on the tested nutrient media. Experimental sets were prepared at four different larval densities for both foods. The number of larvae in plastic containers was adjusted to 20, 60, 200 and 600. To ensure equality, all larvae were selected from small larvae. (between 50 mg-120 mg). In our study, pupation rates were high, especially in groups consisting of 20 and 60 larvae. The percentage of pupation decreased at 200 larval densities and sharply decreased at 600 larval densities in both diets. Especially the negative effects of the density are more obvious in the second food. The effects on intensity were more pronounced, especially in pupation of larvae, not in terms of pup time. As a result, it would be advantageous for the larvae density not to be above 200 in terms of getting more yield and increasing the reproduction rate from $T.$ $molitor$, which is demanded in large numbers as live feed. In conclusion, for the production of $T.$ $molitor$, which is commonly used as live feed, it is preferable to have a larval density below 200 in order to get a higher yield and better reproduction rates.
A Preliminary Study on the Meat Yield, Nutritional Composition, Lipid Quality Indices, and Mineral and Heavy Metal Contents of Annular Seabream ($Diplodus$ $annularis$ Linnaeus, 1758) Caught in the Black Sea
Authors: Çorapcı Bengünur
Published: December 2024

In this study, the meat yield, nutritional composition (protein, fat, moisture, ash, carbohydrate), amino acid content, fatty acid composition, and mineral and heavy metal contents of annular seabream ($Diplodus$ $annularis$) were investigated. Additionally, the lipid quality indices (LQI) of annular sea bream were examined. The meat yield of annular seabream was found to be 29.69%. Protein, fat, moisture, ash and carbohydrate values were 17.78 g/100g, 2.28 g/100g, 76.96 g/100g, 1.80 g/100g and 1.19 g/100g, respectively. The total amount of essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids were determined as 147.45 mg/g and 462.74 mg/g, respectively. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were the predominant fatty acids (37.74%), followed by saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (34.85%) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (27.36%). Atherogenicity Index (AI), Thrombogenicity Index (TI) and Polyene Index (PI) from LQIs were calculated as 0.47, 0.35 and 0.91, respectively. The H/H (Hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic) ratio of annular seabream was 2.83 and FLQ (Fish Lipid Quality) was 14.48. The first three of the most abundant minerals in annular sea bream were potassium (K), phosphorus (P) and sodium (Na). The heavy metals Hg, Pb and Cd were found within the allowed limit values. As a result, the annular seabream meat was found to have low fat values and high protein content, and to contain essential amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and important minerals. The current study is the first research conducted on the nutritional composition of annular sea bream in the Black Sea.
GEMBALAKANLAH DOMBA-DOMBA-KU: Peningkatan Kompetensi Pelayanan melalui pemahaman kembali “Poda Tohonan Hasintuaon” di HKBP Se Ressort Tanjung Balai Kabupaten Asahan
Authors: Simanjuntak Pahala Jannen , Simanjuntak Parlaungan Christopel , Sianturi Frans Julu
Published: December 2024

Sebagai pelayan gereja tentu perlu penyegaran kembali ‘mangarataratai’ ulaon hasintuaon-nya agar tetap memiliki kualitas yang baik  dan menuju pelayanan ke arah yang lebih baik. Kenapa ini penting karena kita adalah pelayan gereja yang membutuhkan penyegaran,  seperti sebuah  HP yang perlu dichas kembali untuk bisa bertahan dan berfungsi dengan baik. Atau seperti tanam-tanaman yang perlu disiram agar pertumbuhannya baik dan segar dilihat orang kemudian menghasilkan buah yang baik. Tentu sebagai pelayan gereja telah dipilih dan bersedia mempersembahkan waktu dan tenaga untuk kerajaan Tuhan. Namun kita menyadari kita lemah dan terkadang tidak berdaya dengan berbagai kesulitan yang kita jalani. Namun kita harus tetap percaya bahwa Allah di dalam Yesus Kristus akan selalu memampukan kita. Artikel ini merupakan sebuah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (Pkm) di gereja HKBP Suka Maju yang melibatkan seluruh majelis di resort Tanjung Balai. Melalui pembinaan dan ceramah yang disampaikan para majelis semakin menghargai dan menekuni panggilannya sebagai Majelis di gereja HKBP sesuai dengan dokumen-dokumen HKBP yang bersumber dari Alkitab sebagai Firman Tuhan.
Oyuncak Güvenliği Konusunda 3-6 Yaş Grubu Çocuğu Olan Ebeveynlerin Farkındalık Düzeyleri
Authors: Tuncay Birgül , Yüzer Alsaç Selda
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, 3-6 yaş grubu çocukların ebeveynlerinin oyuncak güvenliği konusundaki farkındalıklarını incelemek amacıyla planlanan kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 316 ebeveyn oluşturmuştur. Veriler Ebeveyn-Çocuk Tanıtıcı Özellikler Formu ve Ebeveynlerin Oyuncak Seçimi-Oyuncak Güvenliği Farkındalıklarını Belirleme Formu ile toplanmıştır. Çalışma öncesi etik kurul ve kurum izni alınmış, çalışma esnasında ebeveynlerden yazılı onam alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada, ebeveynlerin oyuncağın dış görünüş özelliklerine daha fazla dikkat ettiği ancak oyuncağın içeriğindeki maddeler, imalatçı firma, oyuncak üzerindeki CE (Conformity of Europe) ve TSE işaretleri gibi güvenlik konularına daha az önem verdikleri saptanmıştır. Oyuncak güvenliği ile ilgili yapılabilecek en temel görev ebeveynlerin bilinçlendirilmesidir.
Making the case for community involvement in research on climate and health: opportunities and lessons
Authors: Black Gillian F. , Jamrozik Euzebiusz , Khan Wesaal , Peralta Stephanie , Havenga Benjamin , Merritt Maria W. , Kelley Maureen
Published: December 2024

Advancing climate change is an urgent global driver of human disease with some of the world’s most marginalized communities being at highest risk. In response to this compound threat, scientific studies exploring the intersections of climate and health are gaining momentum, yet sparse attention is currently paid to models of research that engage and involve those who are most affected. This is a crucial moment for the global health field to take up valuable lessons from the relatively few climate-health studies that have purposefully brought scientists together with communities and members of the wider public, via established approaches such as community-based participatory research and citizen science, to reduce health risks and better understand the deeper determinants of disease. Through a scoping literature review of PubMed and qualitative framework analysis, we investigate scientific, ethical, and social justice rationales that have motivated scientists to involve communities, including Indigenous groups, and other public stakeholders in climate-driven health research to varying degrees in different global contexts. We also examine the benefits of diverse forms of engagement and show that involving communities in research at the climate-health nexus has, for example, generated co-produced adaptation strategies that respond appropriately and effectively to priority health hazards. In addition, our findings demonstrate limitations, challenges, and ethical considerations that can arise when engaging communities in climate-health research. We argue that ethically engaging and involving communities and the wider public in research at the intersection of climate change and health is imperative for identifying relevant research priorities, promoting responsiveness that can appropriately fill gaps in at-risk settings, and advancing social justice. Our paper offers a range of examples of research designs and activities to guide scientists working in this emerging interdisciplinary field, inform funders seeking to support innovative and potentially transformative research, and contribute to global health policy.
Gene expression levels associated with impaired immune response and increased proliferation could serve as biomarkers for women following cervical cancer screening programmes
Authors: Ovestad Irene T. , Dalen Ingvild , Soreng Kristiane , Akbari Saleha , Lapin Morten , Janssen Emiel AM , Austdal Marie , Munk Ane Cecilie , Gudlaugsson Einar
Published: December 2024

Human papilloma virus (HPV) infections vary in their oncogenic potential, and whether an infection progresses to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) also depends on the immune response. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore biomarkers related to the immune system and cell proliferation, in combination with HPV classified as having high (HOP) or low oncogenic potential (LOP), that can possibly guide a more accurate identification of women following cervical cancer screening programmes in need for immediate follow-up with a biopsy. A next-generation sequencing transcriptomic immune profile analysis applied to 28 persistent CIN3 lesions and 14 normal biopsies identified four genes, the immune markers ARG1 and HLA-DQB2 and the tumour markers CDKN2A and KRT7, as possible markers for differentiating between CIN3 and normal tissue. To validate these findings, analysis of the relative gene expression of these markers by use of reverse transcriptase real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed in an independent cohort of 264 (82 normal, 64 CIN1, and 118 CIN2/CIN3) biopsies, and the data were combined with information on the HOP- or LOP-HPV identified in the biopsies. Statistical analysis was performed with receiver operating characteristic curves, reporting area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and logistic regression. Statistically significantly higher median expression levels of CDKN2A (p < 0.001) and KRT7 (p = 0.045) and significantly lower expression of ARG1 (p = 0.012) were found in biopsies with HOP-HPV infections, with no difference detected for HLA-DQB2 (p = 0.82). Models using expression levels of CDKN2A (AUC, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86–0.95), KRT7 (0.86, 0.81–0.91), or ARG1 (0.78, 0.70–0.85) together with HOP/LOP-HPV class were significantly better than HPV class alone (0.72, 0.66–0.79) in discriminating CIN2/3 versus CIN1 (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.014, respectively).
The role of inflammasome dysregulation in obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia: a comparative molecular analysis of blood, tissue, and seminal plasma
Authors: Mirghanizadeh Bafghi Seyyed AmirHossein , Fesahat Farzaneh , Zare Fateme , Imani Maryam , Vahidi Serajoddin , Ansariniya Hossein , ZareHoroki Ali , Hadinedoushan Hossein
Published: December 2024

Background

To address knowledge gaps, this study aimed to investigate the involvement of inflammasomes in the etiology of azoospermia. This study focused on the gene expression of key inflammasome components, including NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP-3), CASPASE-1, Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-18 (IL-18), NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4/ice protease-activating factor (NLRC-4/IPAF), and Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM-2).

Methods

We analyzed gene expression in blood and testicular tissue from patients with obstructive azoospermia (OA) and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Additionally, we compared IL-1β and IL-18 expression levels in seminal plasma samples using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. For comparison, blood samples from normospermic (NS) individuals were also genetically evaluated.

Results

Our results indicated significantly higher gene expression of inflammasome components in NOA patients than those in OA patients either in blood or in testicular tissue. Both azoospermic groups exhibited higher mRNA levels of inflammasome genes comparing with those from blood samples of NS men. Seminal plasma samples showed significantly increased levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in NOA patients compared to men with OA. The ROC curve analysis indicated strong and significant predictive power of IL-18, AIM-2 and NLRC-4/IPAF gene expression profiles between NOA vs. NS patients and NOA vs. OA.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the role of hidden chronic inflammation in azoospermia, particularly within the NOA group. This study provides a foundation for further detailed research, which could aid in the development of diagnostic panels to differentiate between various azoospermic groups.
Edonerpic maleate prevents epileptic seizure during recovery from brain damage by balancing excitatory and inhibitory inputs
Authors: Katsuno Yuki , Jitsuki Susumu , Ota Wataru , Yamanoue Tomomi , Abe Hiroki , Takahashi Takuya
Published: December 2024

Functional recovery from brain damage, such as stroke, is a plastic process in the brain. The excitatory glutamate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) plays a crucial role in neuronal functions, and the synaptic trafficking of AMPAR is a fundamental mechanism underlying synaptic plasticity. We recently identified a collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2)-binding compound, edonerpic maleate, which augments rehabilitative training-dependent functional recovery from brain damage by facilitating experience-driven synaptic delivery of AMPARs. In animals recovering from cryogenic brain injury, a potential compensatory area adjacent to the injured region was observed, where the injection of CNQX, an AMPAR antagonist, significantly attenuated functional recovery. In the compensatory brain area of animals recovering from cryogenic injury, the administration of edonerpic maleate enhanced both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs at pyramidal neurons. In contrast, recovered animals that did not receive the drug exhibited augmentation of only excitatory synaptic input. The threshold of picrotoxin-induced epileptic seizure in recovered animals without edonerpic maleate treatment was lower than in intact animals and recovered animals with edonerpic maleate. Thus, edonerpic maleate enhances motor function recovery from brain damage by balancing excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs, which helps prevent epileptic seizures during recovery.
Intra-arterial cocktail therapy for patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who achieved endovascular reperfusion
Authors: Zhao Zi-Ai , Hu Hai-Zhou , Li Wei , Qiu Jing , Zhao Yong-Gang , Nguyen Thanh N. , Chen Hui-Sheng
Published: December 2024

Background

Clinically ineffective reperfusion (CIR) refers to the discrepancy between successful reperfusion and a favorable functional outcome in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke after endovascular treatment (EVT). The Improving Neuroprotective Strategy for Ischemic Stroke with Sufficient Recanalization after Thrombectomy by Intra-arterial Cocktail Therapy (INSIST-CT) trial aimed to explore the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of intra-arterial cocktail therapy using argatroban, dexamethasone, and edaravone in patients who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT.

Methods

In this prospective, single-arm, pilot study, eligible patients with anterior circulation LVO who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT were enrolled in the INSIST-CT trial. Consecutive patients who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were included in the control group retrospectively. In the INSIST-CT group, argatroban, dexamethasone, and edaravone were continuously administered for 30 min into the culprit artery after sufficient recanalization. The primary endpoint was the proportion of favorable functional outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–2 at 90 days. The primary safety outcome was symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analyses were performed to account for multiple confounders.

Results

A total of 30 patients were included in the INSIST-CT group, and 261 patients were included in the control group. The proportion of the patients with the primary endpoint was 60% in the INSIST-CT group and 55.9% in the control group (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% CI 0.55–2.61, p = 0.67; adjusted OR 1.42, 95% CI 0.62–3.26, p = 0.41). No significant difference in sICH at 48 h after treatment was observed between the two groups (unadjusted OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.15–3.56, p = 0.96; adjusted OR 0.82 95% CI 0.17–3.97, p = 0.809). Similar results were observed after the PSM and IPTW analyses.

Conclusion

In anterior circulation, LVO patients who achieved sufficient reperfusion after EVT, bridging intra-arterial cocktail therapy with argatroban, dexamethasone, and edaravone may be safe and feasible. However, it did not improve the 90-day functional outcomes. A numerically higher probability of a favorable outcome in the INSIST-CT group suggests the potential promise of this cocktail therapy in reducing clinically ineffective reperfusion.

Clinical trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04202549.
Effects of fully immersive virtual reality training on cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Jing , Song Jingru , Shen Qin
Published: December 2024

Background

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a prodromal stage of dementia. There is no specific medication to slow the progression of MCI. Recent studies have confirmed the positive effects of virtual reality (VR). However, the results are inconsistent due to different types of VR interventions, small sample sizes, and the varying quality of the literature. This study aimed to assess the effects of fully immersive VR on cognitive function in MCI patients.

Methods

A systematic review of published literature was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Database. The search period was from inception through March 1, 2024. Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of fully immersive virtual reality training on cognitive function in MCI patients. Two investigators independently performed literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment; a meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using RevMan 5.4. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality.

Results

A total of 11 randomized controlled trials with 525 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that fully immersive virtual reality training had significant effects on global cognitive function (MD = 2.34, 95% CI [0.55, 4.12], p = 0.01); (MD = 0.93, 95% CI [0.30, 1.56], p < 0.01), executive function (SMD = -0.60, 95% CI [−0.84, −0.35], p < 0.01), and attention (MD = 0.69, 95% CI [0.15, 1.23], p = 0.01). Still, the difference in memory (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI [−0.24, 0.78], p = 0.30) was not statistically significant. Subgroup analyses showed that executive function could be improved only when the intervention duration was ≥40 h. In contrast, excessive training (≥30 times) was counterproductive.

Conclusion

Fully immersive virtual reality training improved cognitive functioning, executive functioning, and attention in MCI patients but was less effective in improving memory. Subgroup analysis suggests that fully immersive VR training must ensure sufficient intervention duration while avoiding frequent interventions.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, PROSPERO (CRD42024498629).
Consolidation immunotherapy following concurrent chemoradiotherapy in a patient with sinonasal NUT carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Geng Xiaotao , Chang Xiaolong , Wang Xiaoli , Li Shunjia , Han Guiyan , Song Zhiyu , Hao Furong , Li Jianwen
Published: December 2024

Background

Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) cancers, also known as midline cancers, tends to occur in organs near the midline, such as the nasal sinuses and mediastinum. NUT carcinoma is very rare and has a poor prognosis.

Case description

We report the case of a 44-year-old female patient with sinonasal NUT carcinoma who presented with a soft tissue mass in the left frontal sinus, ethmoid sinus, and left nasal cavity on computed tomography; the tumor was poorly demarcated from the left rectus medialis. After discussion with a multidisciplinary team with expertise on head and neck tumors, the patient was considered inoperable, and definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was recommended. The patient underwent CCRT followed by three cycles of consolidation chemotherapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel and nedaplatin. Subsequently, the patient underwent 16 cycles of consolidation therapy with the programmed death–1 (PD-1) inhibitor tislelizumab. The immune-related adverse events included grade 2 hypothyroidism. After CCRT, consolidation chemotherapy, and consolidation immunotherapy, the patient achieved a favorable outcome. The patient survived for 31 months, and there were no signs of recurrence or metastasis during follow-up.

Conclusion

At present, there is no clear consensus on the consolidation treatment plan after CCRT for sinonasal NUT cancer. We used consolidation immunotherapy for the first time and achieved good efficacy, providing an innovative and promising treatment plan for refractory sinonasal NUT cancer.
Comparison of tracer kinetic models in differentiating malignant from normal prostate tissue using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
Authors: Zhang Hongjiang , Yang Jing , Wu Kunhua , Hou Zujun , Du Ji , Yan Jianhua , Zhao Ying
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) derived kinetic parameters with high spatiotemporal resolution in discriminating malignant from normal prostate tissues.

Methods

Fifty patients with suspicious of malignant diseases in prostate were included in this study. Regions of interest (ROI) were manually delineated by experienced radiologists. Voxel-wise kinetic parameters were produced with the following tracer kinetic models (TKMs): Tofts model, extended Tofts model (ETM), Brix’s conventional two-compartment model (Brix), adiabatic tissue homogeneity model (ATH), and distributed parameter model (DP). The initial area under the signal-time curve (IAUC) with an uptake integral approach was also included. Mann–Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the capability of distinguishing tumor lesions from normal tissues. A p-value of 0.05 or less is considered statistically significant. ROI based parameters correlation analysis between DP and ETM were performed.

Results

624 lesions and 269 normal tissue ROIs were obtained. Thirty parameters were derived from the six kinetic models. Except for PS from Brix, statistically significant differences between lesions and normal tissues (P<0.05) were observed in other parameters.Ve from DP, ATH and Brix and PS from ATH have AUC values less than 0.6 in the ROC analysis. MTT, Vp and PS from DP, Ktrans from ETM and Tofts, E and PS from ATH, IAUC parameters and F from Brix have AUC values larger than 0.8. Ve and Vp from DP and ETM are correlated (r> 0.65). The correlation coefficient between Ktrans from ETM and PS from DP is 0.751.

Conclusion

MTT, Vp and PS from DP, Ktrans from ETM and Tofts, E and PS from ATH, F from Brix and IAUC parameters can be used to differentiate malignant lesions from normal tissues in the prostate.
Case report: A rare case of intragastric metastasis after liver transplantation for liver cancer
Authors: Xue Youfeng , Shi Baojie , Zhong Jianfa , Wang Guimei , Wang Jie , An Wenbin , Qian Yunyun , Su Zhaojie , Peng Zhihai , Li Hao
Published: December 2024

A 13-year-old boy was admitted to Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University due to HBV-related liver cancer. Intrahepatic metastasis was considered to occur by CT scan. A gastroscope revealed esophagogastric variceal bleeding, and later, the patient underwent a successful liver transplantation. Fourteen months posttransplant, chest CT indicated lung metastasis, and the patient underwent thoracoscopic radical resection of lung cancer. Twenty-one months posttransplant, gastroscopy revealed a gastric fundus tumor growing into the gastric cavity. Proximal gastrectomy was performed, and pathology indicated moderately to poorly differentiated carcinoma without invasion of serosa, suggesting the first study to report HCC metastasis to the stomach lumen without invasion of serosa after LT. Currently, the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level of the patient has dropped below normal.
Case report: Esophageal bulge with white patch: endoscopic removal of leiomyoma and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Pan Lili , Zhang Chong , Ma Ran , Fan Lijuan
Published: December 2024

Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign intramural tumor of the esophagus. Despite being the most common benign tumor in its category, esophageal leiomyomas constitute only 1.2% of all esophageal tumors. While esophageal leiomyoma itself is uncommon, the occurrence of multiple esophageal leiomyomas is even rarer, and the coexistence of high-grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), involving both epithelial and mesenchymal tissues, is exceedingly rare. This case report describes a patient with multiple esophageal leiomyomas and localized HGIN, diagnosed using endoscopic ultrasonography, which identified a submucosal lesion within the muscularis mucosae. The lesion was successfully treated using endoscopic high-frequency electrocoagulation resection. This minimally invasive approach proved to be precise, safe, and effective, offering therapeutic outcomes comparable to those of traditional surgical resection, as confirmed by postoperative pathological analysis. As a primary goal, the abstract should render the general significance and conceptual advance of the work clearly accessible to a broad readership. References should not be cited in the abstract. Leave the Abstract empty if your article does not require one – please see the “Article types” on every Frontiers journal page for full details.
Decoding ferroptosis: transforming orthopedic disease management
Authors: Huo Guanlin , Lin Yumeng , Liu Lusheng , He Yuqi , Qu Yi , Liu Yang , Zhu Renhe , Wang Bo , Gong Qing , Han Zhongyu , Yin Hongbing
Published: December 2024

As a mechanism of cell death, ferroptosis has gained popularity since 2012. The process is distinguished by iron toxicity and phospholipid accumulation, in contrast to autophagy, apoptosis, and other cell death mechanisms. It is implicated in the advancement of multiple diseases across the body. Researchers currently know that osteosarcoma, osteoporosis, and other orthopedic disorders are caused by NRF2, GPX4, and other ferroptosis star proteins. The effective relief of osteoarthritis symptoms from deterioration has been confirmed by clinical treatment with multiple ferroptosis inhibitors. At the same time, it should be reminded that the mechanisms involved in ferroptosis that regulate orthopedic diseases are not currently understood. In this manuscript, we present the discovery process of ferroptosis, the mechanisms involved in ferroptosis, and the role of ferroptosis in a variety of orthopedic diseases. We expect that this manuscript can provide a new perspective on clinical diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.
Agronomic biofortification of genetically biofortified wheat genotypes with zinc, selenium, iodine, and iron under field conditions
Authors: Ram Hari , Naeem Asif , Rashid Abdul , Kaur Charanjeet , Ashraf Muhammad Y. , Malik Sudeep Singh , Aslam Muhammad , Mavi Gurvinder S. , Tutus Yusuf , Yazici Mustafa A. , Govindan Velu , Cakmak Ismail
Published: December 2024

Inherently low concentrations of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), iodine (I), and selenium (Se) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grains represent a major cause of micronutrient malnutrition (hidden hunger) in human populations. Genetic biofortification represents a highly useful solution to this problem. However, genetic biofortification alone may not achieve desirable concentrations of micronutrients for human nutrition due to several soil- and plant-related factors. This study investigated the response of genetically biofortified high-Zn wheat genotypes to soil-applied Zn and foliarly applied Zn, I, and Se in India and Pakistan. The effect of soil-applied Zn (at the rate of 50 kg ha−1 as ZnSO4·7H2O) and foliar-applied Zn (0.5% ZnSO4·7H2O), I (0.04% KIO3), Se (0.001% Na2SeO4), and a foliar cocktail (F-CT: combination of the above foliar solutions) on the grain concentrations of Zn, I, Se, and Fe of high-Zn wheat genotypes was investigated in field experiments over 2 years. The predominantly grown local wheat cultivars in both countries were also included as check cultivars. Wheat grain yield was not influenced by the micronutrient treatments at all field locations, except one location in Pakistan where F-CT resulted in increased grain yield. Foliar-applied Zn, I, and Se each significantly enhanced the grain concentration of the respective micronutrients. Combined application of these micronutrients was almost equally effective in enhancing grain Zn, I, and Se, but with a slight reduction in grain yield. Foliar-applied Zn, Zn+I, and F-CT also enhanced grain Fe. In India, high-Zn genotypes exhibited a minor grain yield penalty as compared with the local cultivar, whereas in Pakistan, high-Zn wheat genotypes could not produce grain yield higher than the local cultivar. The study demonstrates that there is a synergism between genetic and agronomic biofortification in enrichment of grains with micronutrients. Foliar Zn spray to Zn-biofortified genotypes provided additional increments in grain Zn of more than 15 mg kg−1. Thus, combining agronomic and genetic strategies will raise grain Zn over 50 mg kg−1. A combination of fertilization practice with plant breeding is strongly recommended to maximize accumulation of micronutrients in food crops and to make significant progress toward resolving the hidden hunger problem in human populations.
A lightweight MHDI-DETR model for detecting grape leaf diseases
Authors: Fu Zilong , Yin Lifeng , Cui Can , Wang Yi
Published: December 2024

Accurate diagnosis of grape leaf diseases is critical in agricultural production, yet existing detection techniques face challenges in achieving model lightweighting while ensuring high accuracy. In this study, a real-time, end-to-end, lightweight grape leaf disease detection model, MHDI-DETR, based on an improved RT-DETR architecture, is presented to address these challenges. The original residual backbone network was improved using the MobileNetv4 network, significantly reducing the model’s computational requirements and complexity. Additionally, a lightSFPN feature fusion structure is presented, combining the Hierarchical Scale Feature Pyramid Network with the Dilated Reparam Block structure design from the UniRepLKNet network. This structure is designed to overcome the challenges of capturing complex high-level and subtle low-level features, and it uses Efficient Local Attention to focus more efficiently on regions of interest, thereby enhancing the model’s ability to detect complex targets while improving accuracy and inference speed. Finally, the integration of GIou and Focaler-IoU into Focaler-GIoU enhances detection accuracy and convergence speed for small targets by focusing more effectively on both simple and difficult samples. The findings from the experiments suggest that The MHDI-DETR model results in a 56% decrease in parameters and a 49% reduction in floating-point operations, respectively, compared with the RT-DETR model, in terms of accuracy, the model achieved precision rates of 96.9%, 92.6%, and 72.5% for accuracy, mAP50, and mAP50:95, respectively. Compared with the RT-DETR model, these represent improvements of 1.9%, 1.2%, and 1.2%. Overall, the MHDI-DETR model surpasses the RT-DETR and other mainstream detection models in both detection accuracy and degree of lightness, achieving dual optimization in efficiency and accuracy, and providing an efficient technical solution for automated agricultural disease management.
Impact of living arrangements and internet use on the mental health of Chinese older adults
Authors: Zhong Ruyu , Ning Wenwen
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The consequences of aged living arrangements on mental health in the digital age have drawn significant research attention.

Methods

This study used empirical data to analyze the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults by ordinary least squares (OLS) and to examine the moderating effect of Internet use in it through the moderating effect test. A total of 17,243 older adults were included in the analytical model.

Results

We found that living independently has a negative impact on the mental health of older adults and Internet use can improve the mental health of older adults. There are moderating mechanisms of Internet use in the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults, but it is necessary to look at the moderating mechanisms of different patterns of Internet use. Using the Internet for social interaction (chatting and information acquisition) can weaken the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults, while unidirectional Internet use (entertainment and financial management) strengthens the impact of living arrangements on the mental health of older adults.

Disscusion

Therefore, this study puts forward the following suggestions: first, to develop family care for older adults and pay attention to the positive role of intergenerational support in the mental comfort of older adults; second, it is imperative for the government and social service departments to assist older adults in establishing correct concepts of Internet use, enhancing their digital literacy, and improving their digital skills.
The impact of physical exercise with additional visual tasks on UDVA and accommodation sensitivity in children: the mediating role of kinetic visual acuity
Authors: Wang Miyu , Zhu Guiming , Li Yihua , Li Pengfei , Shi Haijie , Jiang Limei , Diao Yucui , Yin Rongbin
Published: December 2024

Purpose

This study investigates the impact of physical exercise supplemented with visual tasks on children’s uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), kinetic visual acuity (KVA), and accommodative sensitivity, with an analysis of the mediating role of KVA.

Methods

A total of 168 third-grade students from four natural classes in a primary school in Suzhou City were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 86) or a control group (n = 82). The experimental group engaged in 30 cycles of ciliary muscle training tasks with visual targets presented for 3 s during physical exercises, while the control group participated in regular physical exercises. The intervention lasted 16 weeks, during which KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity of children were measured before and after the intervention using a kinetic visual acuity tester, a standard logarithmic visual acuity chart lightbox, and a lens flipper.

Results

Post-intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements in KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity (p < 0.05). The control group did not show significant changes in KVA and UDVA (p > 0.05), but did exhibit a significant improvement in accommodative sensitivity (p < 0.05). Additionally, children in the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher levels of KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity compared to the control group after the intervention (p < 0.05). A moderate positive correlation was found between KVA and both UDVA and accommodative sensitivity. KVA partially mediated the effect of additional visual tasks during physical exercise on UDVA in children (left eye 95% CI: 0.011—0.180; right eye 95% CI: 0.023—0.167). Moreover, KVA partially mediated the effect of additional visual tasks during physical exercise on accommodative sensitivity (95% CI: 0.021—0.245).

Conclusion

Incorporating additional visual tasks into physical exercise effectively enhances KVA, UDVA, and accommodative sensitivity in children. There is a significant positive correlation between KVA and UDVA as well as between KVA and accommodative sensitivity. These visual tasks directly impact UDVA and accommodative sensitivity and indirectly influence them through the mediating effect of KVA.