bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Captive culture of two sea snake species Hydrophis curtus and Hydrophis cyanocinctus
Authors: Kien Nguyen Trung , An Hua Thai , Sang Huynh Minh , Hoang Do Huu , Nguyen Cao Van , Hoa Ho Thi
Published: April 2021

Acclimation culture and trial culture of two sea snake species Hydrophis curtus and H. cyanocinctus in composite tanks were conducted to determine growth, survival rate, predation behavior and prey selection. The results showed that adults of H. curtus and H. cyanocinctus did not capture any prey such as anchovy, eel and shrimp in a period of 30 days of acclimation culture. The body weight of two these species reduced gradually from 783.3 ± 76.4 g and 360.0 ± 60.0 g to 660.0 ± 135.2 g and 315.0 ± 77.8 g, respectively. Survival rate was 100% in H. curtus and 80% in H. cyanocinctus. Meanwhile, the results of acclimation culture of sea snake juvenile revealed that frozen anchovy was preferred prey in both of two species. The body weight of H. curtus increased from 49.8 ± 0.5 g to 70.0 ± 8.2 g and that of H. cyanocinctus was 44.3 ± 3.1 g to 47.1 ± 5.2 g. The prey capture rate of H. curtus and H. cyanocinctus was 100% and 60%, respectively. Survival rate of the juvenile of two species was 100% after 30 days of acclimation culture. In 60 days of trial culture, similar results as acclimation culture were observed in adults of two sea snake species, they still did not capture any prey and the body weight reduced gradually. The result of 60-day culture of sea snake juvenile showed that the prey capture rate was 100% in both of two species. The body weight of H. curtus and H. cyanocinctus increased from 70.0 ± 8.2 g and 57.5 ± 5.8 g to 78.3 ± 15.3 g and 65.0 ± 14.1, respectively. SGR of H. curtus was 0.16 ± 0.32 %/day and that of H. cyanocinctus was 0.52 ± 0.36%/day. The survival rate of H. curtus and H. cyanocinctus was 60% and 40% in period of 60 day trial.
Estimation of the spawning ground of some fish species in the Nha Trang bay
Authors: Vo Quang Van , Tran Hoa Hong Thi , Tran Thinh Cong , Le Thao Thu Thi
Published: April 2021

The paper presents the results of determining the spawning grounds of some fish species in Nha Trang bay MPA, which were sampled in 9/2018, 11/2018, 5/2019 and 7/2019. The analysis results are based on the distribution of the general density and the developmental stages, analysis of decision trees from egg density, location of stations and months by CHAID (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector), allowing a relatively accurate estimate of the spawning ground of the red anchovy (Encrasicholina punctifer Fowler, 1938) and the species of the genus Scarus. As a result, the main spawning grounds for red anchovy were the east of Hon Rua and the northeast of Hon Tam and that of Scarus is the southwest of Hon Mun island.
A többműszakos munkarend következményei a katonai szolgálat során és kezelési lehetőségeik
Authors: Szakács Zoltán
Published: April 2021

A többműszakos munkakörökben a katonai szolgálat során a munkavégzés legalább 50%-a a reggel 8 és délután 4 óra közötti időszakon kívülre esik. E munkakörökben a konfliktus lényege: tartósan magas teljesítményigény és jelentős baleseti rizikó, az átlagostól eltérő, szokatlan ritmusban szervezett munkakörök viszonyai között. Az alvásképtelenség mellett napközben nem csupán az aluszékonyságra, hanem memória- és figyelem deficitre, kimerültség szindrómára, emésztőszervi, valamint kardiovaszkuláris következményekre számíthatunk. Megnövekszik a baleseti rizikó, a munkateljesítmény csökken. Súlyos kedélyzavar alakulhat ki. A krónikus alvászavar kialakulásának megelőzésében jelentõs a szerepe van műszakrendeket kialakító és elrendelő parancsnokoknak. A katonaságban nagyszámú műszakoló szolgálattevő van, munkájuk és pihenésük ütemezése nagyon fontos, mert életminőségükben óriási különbséget jelent a helyesen megválasztott mûszakrend és az alkalmazott védekezési lehetőségek.
Post-resignation Survival of Fiduciary Duties: Big Catch Fishing Tackle Proprietary Limited v Kemp (17281/18) 2019 ZAWCHC 20 (5 March 2019)
Authors: Cassim Rehana
Published: April 2021

In Big Catch Fishing Tackle Proprietary Limited v Kemp (17281/18) 2019 ZAWCHC 20 (5 March 2019) the Western Cape Division, Cape Town had to determine whether a former director of a company continued to owe fiduciary duties to the company after he had resigned, and if so, whether he could temporarily be interdicted from competing with the company until the main action was heard in court. The court dismissed the company's application for an interim interdict. This article critically analyses the judgment in regard to the post-resignation fiduciary duties of directors. The judgment is noteworthy as it sheds light on the post-resignation fiduciary duties of directors – an area of law which is still developing in South African law. This article contends that the court incorrectly conflated the legal principles relating to the appropriation of corporate opportunities with the misuse of confidential information. It is further argued that courts should not lay down a closed list of instances when directors' fiduciary duties will continue post-resignation, as the court attempted to do in this case. It is suggested that courts should adopt a flexible and pragmatic approach in determining when a director's fiduciary duties will survive after his or her resignation.
Diplopia and Extraocular Muscle Enlargement as an Initial Presentation of Breast Cancer
Authors: Rim Joshua , Baker David , Andrapalliyal Nirmal , Mulpur Bhageeradh , Li Yuebing
Published: April 2021

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Covid-19 Hastalığında Anti-sitokin Tedaviler: IL-6 Reseptör İnhibitörü (Tosilizumab) ve IL-1 Reseptör Antagonisti (Anakinra)
Authors: DOĞRU Atalay
Published: April 2021

Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) ilk kez Aralık 2019 tarihinde Çin'in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıktı ve büyük bir küresel salgına neden oldu. Tüm dünyada halk sağlığı için önemli bir problem haline geldi. Hastalık geçirenlerin büyük çoğunluğu iyi bir prognoza sahip olmasına rağmen bazı hastalarda özellikle akciğeri etkileyen makrofaj aktivasyonu sendromuna (MAS) neden olmaktadır. Hastalığı geçiren bireylerde beklenen inflamasyon yanıtından hiperinflamasyona geçişte sitokin artış hızı ve sitokin miktarının rolü olduğu bilinmektedir. MAS gelişen hasta grubunda mortalite oranları yüksek seyretmektedir ve hastaların klinik ve laboratuvar bulgularında kısa sürede ortaya çıkan değişiklikler görülmektedir. Bu nedenle dinamik bir tedavi süreci ihtiyacı vardır. Özellikle solunum desteği ihtiyacı olan hastalarda glukokortikoid tedaviler önerilmektedir. Glukokortikoid yanıtı olmayan hastalarda anti-sitokin tedaviler gündeme gelmektedir. Anti-sitokin tedavilerden yararlanabilecek hasta grubunun doğru ve vaktinde tanımlanması, etkili ve güvenli bir tedavi planlanması açısından önem taşımaktadır.
Floral dip transformation of Arabidopsis v1
Authors: Burow Meike
Published: April 2021

Konrad's version of the floral dip method - still insprired by "Floral dip: a simplified method forAgrobacterium‐mediated transformation ofArabidopsis thaliana" Steven J. Clough Andrew F. Bent (1998) https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00343.x
IHC staining v1
Authors: MB Bosse Marc
Published: April 2021

This is standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure recommended in the Bendall and Angelo lab.
MIBI and IHC solutions v1
Authors: MB Bosse Marc
Published: April 2021

These protocols are designed to prepare solutions to be used for the Multiplex Ion Beam Imaging Time of Flight instrument (MIBI_TOF) and IHC related protocols in the Bendall and Angelo labs. Particularly, the IHC protocol uses the same reagents and steps used for MIBI staining. Therefore, It can be used to validate the compatibility of a new target antibody before use for MIBI staining. These protocols have been successfully use for MIBI and are the result of extensive optimization experiments.
Prestwick screen protocol v1
Authors: J J. O'Brien Thomas , Barlow Ida
Published: April 2021

Protocol for screening the Prestwick C. elegans drug library of 240 drugs at 3 concentrations and imaging under baseline and bluelight conditions using the Hydra (Loopbio) imaging rigs. All drugs at all concentrations were imaged with N2 in a single day of tracking. This protocol was repeated 3 times so that there were 12 replicates per drug per concentration.
GSS v1
Authors: Zeran Yan
Published: April 2021

GSS process
Plant RNA extractions using TRI reagent v1
Authors: Crisp Peter
Published: April 2021

Extraction of total RNA from plant tissue using TRI reagent.
4AA Mix v1
Authors: Pinçe Erçağ
Published: April 2021

4 amino acid mixture for MMH1
Motility Medium(Buffer) v1
Authors: Pinçe Erçağ
Published: April 2021

MM for bacterial motility experiments
IPTG v1
Authors: Pinçe Erçağ
Published: April 2021

Preparation of Inducer IPTG for expression of CFP and YFP
Social Exclusion/Inclusion and Australian First Nations LGBTIQ+ Young People’s Wellbeing
Authors: Soldatic Karen , Briskman Linda , Trewlynn William , Leha John , Spurway Kim
Published: April 2021

There is little known about the social, cultural and emotional wellbeing (SCEWB) of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTIQ+ young people in Australia. What research exists does not disaggregate young people’s experiences from those of their adult Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander LGBTIQ+ peers. The research that forms the basis for this article is one of the first conducted in Australia on this topic. The article uses information from in-depth interviews to inform concepts of social inclusion and exclusion for this population group. The interviews demonstrate the different ways in which social inclusion/exclusion practices, patterns and process within First Nations communities and non-Indigenous LGBTIQ+ communities impact on the SCEWB of these young people. The research demonstrates the importance of acceptance and support from families in particular the centrality of mothers to young people feeling accepted, safe and able to successfully overcome challenges to SCEWB. Non-Indigenous urban LGBTIQ+ communities are at times seen as a “second family” for young people, however, structural racism within these communities is also seen as a problem for young people’s inclusion. This article contributes significant new evidence on the impact of inclusion/exclusion on the SCEWB of Australian First Nations LGBTIQ+ youth.
Understanding the Social and Emotional Wellbeing of Aboriginal LGBTIQ(SB)+ Youth in Victoria’s Youth Detention
Authors: Phelan Péta , Oxley Robyn
Published: April 2021

Aboriginal youth are overrepresented within Victoria’s criminal justice system (Cunneen, 2020). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth are diverse people with diverse needs: It is imperative to understand what those needs are and how they can be supported within Victoria’s youth justice centres. Research has identified that Aboriginal youth in Victoria’s justice system have higher rates of psychopathology (Shepherd et al., 2018), higher rates of recidivism (Cunneen, 2008), higher pre-custody rates and post-release rates of substance abuse (Joudo, 2008) and lower rates of rehabilitation (Thompson et al., 2014) than non-Indigenous counterparts. It is critical to explore how the Victorian youth justice system identifies and implements the provision of services that consider lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, queer, sistergirl and brotherboy (LGBTIQSB+) identities of Aboriginal youth in custody. This is because additional levels of systemic disadvantage, discrimination, stigma, and social exclusion that impact LGBTIQ+ youth specifically (Cunneen, Goldson, & Russell, 2016) as well as Aboriginal identity, further compound and jeopardize the social and emotional wellbeing of those embodying intersectional identities. This article will examine the services available to Aboriginal LGBTIQSB+ youth in the Victorian criminal justice system. Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander, Indigenous and First Nations People will be used interchangeably throughout this document.
Saving Lives: Mapping the Power of LGBTIQ+ First Nations Creative Artists
Authors: O'Sullivan Sandy
Published: April 2021

In 2020, I was funded by the Australian Research Council to undertake research that examines the ways in which queer Indigenous creative practitioners create impact and influence. With a program titled “Saving Lives: Mapping the Influence of LGBTIQ+ First Nations Creative Artists,” the mapping is currently underway to explore how creativity has been used to demonstrate our reality and potential as queer First Nations’ Peoples. The title of this commentary explicitly reframes this from influence, to one of insistent resistance. It explores beyond how we persuade, to understand why the resistance in the work of First Nations’ queer creatives lays the groundwork for a future where the complexity of our identities are centred, and where young, queer Indigenous people can realise their own imaginings.
The Phillips Curve: A Case Study Of Theory And Practice
Authors: Lawle K. , Moscardini A. , Pavlenko I. , Vlasova T.
Published: April 2021

This paper develops a detailed case study of the Phillips Curve as it has evolved since Phillips classic work of 1958. An explicit narrative in the paper involves the evolution of the argument using economics and systems thinking, to develop underlying data generating models. These are shown to underpin the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment in economics. The paper considers the political exigencies relating to the Great inflation of the 1970s and the Great Recession post 2008 in terms of interpretations of the Philips curve. The paper hypothesises that economic ideas have meaningful significance within the context of historical eras with concomitant political imperatives whence such notions become somnolent once crises have abated. This This historical narrative is implicit in the latest research reflections on Philips curves. A particularly useful finding is the relevance of systems thinking and systems dynamics to the interpretation of issues relating to aggregation problems in macroeconomics involving inflation and unemployment causal relationships. The paper concludes that seemingly moribund the Philips curve is alive may have been hibernating. Identifying the Phillips curve requires a wide range of variability of non-aggregative data streams. This allows the negative slope of the curve to be revealed, else the Philips curve slope is pushed towards the vertical plane. Endogenous central banking and inflation targeting intensifies this effect which is evident from a systems thinking /dynamics perspective.
Budget decentralization and its influence on the social and economic development of Ukrainian regions
Authors: Knir M. , Delas V. , Budnyk N.
Published: April 2021

The article generates the main results of the first stage of decentralization reform in Ukraine during the period from 2014 to 2018. The aim of the article is to analyze the process of decentralization in Ukraine, highlight the revenues and expenditures of local budgets and justify the need to create a development strategy for Amalgamated Territorial Communities (ATC). Considering the given indicators it is proved that the goal of ensuring financial autonomy and transparency of local authorities can be considered to be achieved. The interrelation of expansion of powers for local authorities and obtaining budgetary independence and increase of motivation to increase profitability is analysed. The development strategy for the Amalgamated Territorial Communities (ATC) is assessed. Proposals for increasing the capacity of the second stage of the reform are provided. The findings are useful for practitioners and researchers to gain knowledge on the practical issues and challenges of decentralization reform in Ukraine.
EDUCATION SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT-COMMUNITY BASED PROJECTS OF THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Et. al. Dr. Jestoni P. Babia,
Published: April 2021

Education for Sustainable Development permits each individual to get the information, abilities, perspectives and qualities important to shape a practical future. This study determined the level of training implementation based on the six ESD action principles and as to which of these principles have contributed to the improvement of the level of implementation of ESD programs in the Philippines, ESD- best practices of the university community extensionists and the challenges that they have met in the implementation of ESD. It centered on Cell’s Resilience by Szanton & Gill (2020), Transformational Learning by Mezirow (1994) and UNESCO’s three pillars of ESD and Six ESD Action principles and policy support for sustainable development through community learning centers.  This study utilized a quasi-experimental type of research in which it involved quantitative and qualitative data. The random sampling technique was used in order to select the 25 beneficiaries from private and public basic education and higher education institutions. The results showed that the level of implementation was to at least SOME EXTENT with a 3.25 mean, and that only the transformation component is the only significant predictor, the best practices of USJR-Blooms, PNU-Mangrove, and CTU-Hablon tapped the decoding of books through Bloom’s Software for reading literary , reviving Mangrove Forest through DAGANG fisherfolks to target environmental conservation and MTB literacy, and reviving the Handloom Weaving of Hablon in Argao with socio-economic impact, and the challenges of other extension projects in the Philippines enumerated on the attendance of the beneficiaries and the project team, he change of leaders, organizations, time availability, their limited resources and linkages, financial resource mobilization, sustainability of interest, miscommunication, hectic schedules and negative attitudes towards the extension process. It is concluded that the ESD of the Philippines’ implementation is so far, in average level and that the projects have to focus on the transformation of the beneficiaries. This study is recommended to be replicated prioritizing the sustainability and transformation researches, monitoring and evaluation of ESD-Based community project researches, proposed plans for wide array of external funding.
PATENT PROTECTION OF SCIENTIFIC RESULTS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES
Authors:   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL), Ponomareva Daria , Barabashev Alexander ,   Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)
Published: April 2021

This article is devoted to the legal problems associated with the provision of patent protection for the results of scientific activities created by artificial intelligence systems. The authors explore the approaches formulated by doctrine and practice in relation to objects created by robotic systems, computer technology and AI. The problem of the relationship between patent protection of the results of scientific (scientific and technical) activities and artificial intelligence systems is becoming more and more urgent. Modern AI systems are quite capable of creating inventions that are the result of the application (use) of the cognitive (thinking) abilities of a person, that is, such inventions can be patentable. There is no doubt that the increasingly active introduction of AI systems will force national legislators to reconsider the definition of the term “inventor.” In Russian legislation, the issue of patent protection of inventions created by AI is currently not resolved. The review of the state of legal regulation of patent protection of the results of scientific activity (first of all, inventions) created by AI systems, presented in the article, indicates the absence of clear rules both in Russian and foreign law (using the example of individual jurisdictions) regarding the determination of the legal status of this kind. objects and the person who has exclusive rights in relation to them. The use of already existing legal constructions by analogy, as well as the borrowing of foreign experience, can only temporarily solve the issue of patent protection of the results of scientific activity created with the help of AI.
THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CORPORATE LAW AS A VIRTUAL ASSISTANT IN APPROVING EXTRAORDINARY TRANSACTIONS: A LOOK INTO THE FUTURE
Authors:   Federal State Research Institution “Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Zagrebaeva Ekaterina
Published: April 2021

In this article, the author analyzes the possibility of using artificial intelligence as a virtual assistant in making extraordinary transactions. The emergence of the latest information technology contains the potential for modernizing corporate law. The author notes that the development of information and computer technologies is largely due to public and private investments. Artificial intelligence can become a tool for making decisions with a faster reaction rate to an event. Artificial intelligence is the next stage in the development of robotics, giving the robot the ability to independently make a “new” decision that was not previously included in the program. The advantage of using artificial intelligence in this case is its ability to process an incredible amount of data (information) in a short time. The article emphasizes that the purpose of artificial intelligence is to simplify human activities. Thus, it seems possible to involve an intelligent robot as a virtual assistant in the process of coordinating transactions made by legal entities in a special order. At the same time, the author notes that trusting an artificial intelligence operating in the virtual world to vote on the approval of a transaction, which may entail a significant change in the scale of society’s activities up to its termination, carries a significant legal risk, both for the society itself and for members of its governing bodies. The person who is a member of the governing body of the legal entity must vote on the approval of such transactions.
A Review on Design and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured NiTi Implants for Orthopedic Applications
Authors: Zhang Yintao , Attarilar Shokouh , Wang Liqiang , Lu Weijie , Yang Junlin , Fu Yuanfei
Published: April 2021

NiTi alloy has a wide range of applications as a biomaterial due to its high ductility, low corrosion rate, and favorable biocompatibility. Although Young’s modulus of NiTi is relatively low, it still needs to be reduced; one of the promising ways is by introducing porous structure. Traditional manufacturing processes, such as casting, can hardly produce complex porous structures. Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the most advanced manufacturing technologies that can solve impurity issues, and selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the well-known methods. This paper reviews the developments of AM-NiTi with a particular focus on SLM-NiTi utilization in biomedical applications. Correspondingly, this paper aims to describe the three key factors, including powder preparation, processing parameters, and gas atmosphere during the overall process of porous NiTi. The porous structure design is of vital importance, so the unit cell and pore parameters are discussed. The mechanical properties of SLM-NiTi, such as hardness, compressive strength, tensile strength, fatigue behavior, and damping properties and their relationship with design parameters are summarized. In the end, it points out the current challenges. Considering the increasing application of NiTi implants, this review paper may open new frontiers for advanced and modern designs.
Gazeteciliğin Dönüşümü: Habertürk, Sözcü ve Yeni Şafak Gazetelerinin Sosyal Medya Haberciliği Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi
Authors: ÜNALAN Duygu
Published: April 2021

Zamanı ve mekânı ortadan kaldıran bilişim teknolojilerinde görülen alabildiğine hızlı değişim ve dönüşüm, pek çok alanı olduğu gibi iletişim teknolojilerini de etkilemiş, devrim niteliğinde gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. İletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişme ve değişmelerle küresel bir kente dönüşen dünyada gazetecilik faaliyetleri de değişmiş, yeni medya sistemlerinin sağladığı olanaklarla geleneksel gazetecilik pratikleri internet ortamına taşınmıştır. İnternet gazeteciliği ile başlayan bu dönüşüm, günümüzde sosyal medya ortamlarına da taşınmıştır. Bugün artık ulusal gazetelerin hemen hepsi sosyal medya mecralarında habercilik yapmaktadırlar. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, Facebook, Twitter ve Instagram’da en çok takipçisi olan Habertürk, Sözcü ve Yeni Şafak gazetelerinin hesaplarının sosyal medya gazeteciliği yönünden incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle 16 Kasım 2020 tarihinde üç sosyal medya hesabında hangi gazetelerin takipçi sayısı açısından birinci sırada olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonrasında ise belirlenen üç gazetenin genel tarama modeli çerçevesinde 16-22 Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasındaki Facebook, Twitter ve Instagram hesaplarındaki takipçi sayıları, haber paylaşım sıklıkları, takipçi artış oranları ve paylaştıkları ileti türleri sosyal medya gazeteciliği açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak betimsel analize tabi tutulmuştur. Yapılan analizde, üç gazetenin de Facebook ve Twitter’ı sosyal medya haberciliği açısından daha etkin bir biçimde kullandıkları ve okuyucu geri bildirimlerini alma noktasında bu mecralardan daha fazla yararlandıkları sonucuna varılmıştır.
Uluslararası İletişim Düzeninde Karşılıklı Bağımlılık ve Reform
Authors: TOPRAK Elif
Published: April 2021

Uluslararası iletişim düzenindeki asimetrik karşılıklı bağımlılık, reform tartışmalarına yol açmaktadır. Alanyazında bu sorun sıklıkla eleştirel kuram bağlamında özellikle ekonomi politik açıdan ele alınmıştır. Uluslararası İlişkiler’in temel paradigmaları realizm ve liberalizme göre yapılandırılmış olan ve güç ilişkilerine dayalı bu düzende, reforma yönelik çabalar beklentileri karşılamaktan uzaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, soruna farklı bir açıdan yaklaşarak, iki baskın teorinin uluslararası iletişim düzeninde reforma yönelik katkı potansiyellerinin incelenmesidir. Neorealist ve neoliberal analizlerde sosyolojik ve normatif unsurların giderek daha fazla dikkate alınmasının gerekçesi yine küreselleşmeyle artan karşılıklı bağımlılıktır. Dolayısıyla bu teorik çalışmada, karşılıklı bağımlılık ve reform kavramlarının, uluslararası iletişimin farklı analiz düzeylerini içeren (1) enformasyon toplumu, (2) kültürlerarası iletişim ve kamu diplomasisi ve (3) küresel yönetişim unsurları bağlamında betimsel ve karşılaştırmalı bir analizi yapılmaktadır. Teorik çerçeve olarak realizm ve liberalizmin seçilmesinin nedeni, realist ve liberal temellere dayalı iletişim düzeninde reformun yine bu teorilerin kavramları üzerinden tartışılmasının faydalı olacağı tezidir. Reform ve çözüm çabalarında politika üretilmesi ve harekete geçilmesi beklenen alanlar; küresel bir enformasyon toplumu, ortak değer ve çıkarlar için uluslararası kamuoyunun oluşturulmasını sağlayacak kamu diplomasisi uygulamaları ve uluslararası kuruluşlar aracılığıyla daha etkin ve adil bir küresel yönetişimdir.
Perceived Competence in Detecting Mis- and Disinformation Online: Reconsidering the Third Person Effect
Authors: KUTLU Asuman
Published: April 2021

The third person effect coined by Davison, provides a different perspective from media effect theories as it mainly deals with beliefs about media effects rather than its direct influence on individuals. The literature on TPE has demonstrated a broad perspective in exploring perceptual bias in various media contexts as well as conditions to magnify TPE. The issue of digital disinformation has increased the number of studies as it has provided a different perspective in context of the third person effect. The threat caused by COVID-19 has led an increase in health news consumption causing a wide spread of mis/disinformation about the origin, prevention and treatment of the pandemic. Considering source credibility as a moderator in testing TPE hypothesis, people will likely to think that mis-and disinformation online will have a greater effect on others and may depend on their perceived competence in spotting mis- and disinformation online when judging its effect on oneself and others. Therefore, the research aims at exploring the way individuals perceive the effects of health-related mis/disinformation and the possible variables influencing TPE.A survey-based study of 767 Turkish internet users was conducted in January 2021. Paired simple T-test to explore third person effect and hierarchical regression analysis to investigate factors associated with TPE were performed. Results revealed that biased third-person effects existed regarding health related mis/disinformation online and perceived competence to detect mis/disinformation online and exposure to digital mis/disinformation were the significant predictors of TPE.
Incidence of Fatal Anaphylaxis: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Authors: Perez-Codesido S , Rosado-Ingelmo A , Privitera-Torres M , Pérez Fernández E , Nieto-Nieto A , Gonzalez-Moreno A , Grifol-Clar E , Alberti-Masgrau N , Tejedor-Alonso MA
Published: April 2021

Background: Fatal anaphylaxis is very rare, with an incidence ranging from 0.5 to 1 deaths per million person-years. Objective: Based on a systematic review, we aimed to explain differences in the reported incidence of fatal anaphylaxis based on the methodological and demographic factors addressed in the various studies. Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Web of Science for relevant retrospective and prospective cohort studies and registry studies that had assessed the anaphylaxis mortality rate for the population of a country or for an administrative region. The research strategy was based on combining the term “anaphylaxis” with “death”, “study design”, and “main outcomes” (incidence). Results: A total of 46 studies met the study criteria and included 16,541 deaths. The range of the anaphylaxis mortality rate for all causes of anaphylaxis was 0.002-2.51 deaths per million person-years. Fatal anaphylaxis due to food (range 0.002-0.29) was rarer than deaths due to drugs (range 0.004-0.56) or Hymenoptera venom (range 0.02-0.61). The frequency of deaths due to anaphylaxis by drugs increased during the study period (IRR per year, 1.02; 95%CI, 1.00-1.04). We detected considerable heterogeneity in almost all of the meta-analyses carried out. Conclusion: The incidence of fatal anaphylaxis is very low and differs according to the various subgroups analyzed. The studies were very heterogeneous. Fatal anaphylaxis due to food seems to be less common than fatal anaphylaxis due to drugs or Hymenoptera venom.
Presencia de la especie invasora Zaprionus indianus Gupta, 1970 (Diptera: Drosophilidae) en Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Bustca Andrea
Published: April 2021

La especie Zaprionus indianus es originaria de África y se ha dispersado rápidamente alrededor del mundo, disparando las alarmas en cuanto a su impacto económico y medioambiental. En Colombia se ha registrado en algunas localidades de los departamentos de Caquetá, Cundinamarca, La Guajira, Huila, Magdalena, Norte de Santander, Santander, Risaralda y Tolima. Se reporta la presencia de la especie en el área urbana de Medellín, específicamente en la zona verde de la Institución Universitaria ITM – Sistema de Laboratorios Parque i, donde en el 2017 y el 2019 fueron capturados individuos adultos en una trampa Van Someren-Rydon cebada con material animal en descomposición. La especie se identificó con base en los caracteres morfológicos.
El habitar contemporáneo desde las unidades residenciales en América Latina
Authors: Carmona Londoño Luz Stella
Published: April 2021

El ser humano, en su necesidad de hábitat, ha ocupado el espacio históricamente de diversas maneras. Sin embargo, en las últimas dos décadas, el crecimiento de la población, el deterioro de los ecosistemas, el aumento de la pobreza y el predominio del valor de intercambio sobre el valor de uso han llevado a nuevas formas de habitar no solo en las ciudades, sino en sus áreas rurales cercanas, y se ha tornado en una prioridad para los gobiernos locales e instituciones internacionales. Frente a esto las unidades residenciales, particularmente las cerradas, se han constituido en una alternativa para “aliviar” esta situación. Sin embargo, estas han traído nuevos desafíos y temas de debate en cuanto a la participación y el control social (entre otras manifestaciones, los modos de convivencia), económico (valor de uso/valor de intercambio) y ambiental (ocupación de áreas rurales: expansión del suelo urbano).
Ethical governance of e-government ecosystem
Authors: Koskinen Jani , Rantanen Mikko M. , Hyrynsalmi Sami
Published: April 2021

Digitisation of governmental services has become a common approach to make governing more effective and efficient. The eGovernment services can be built on top of a variety of information systems and supplied to and between individuals and organisations on both national and international levels. This results in a complex organisational and sociotechnical ecosystem containing a vast amount of variables affecting the privacy and safety of citizens. Thus, achieving these better societies relies strongly on common trust between the citizens and governments. This calls for ‘governance of governance’, which can prove to be difficult to manage. Even in this challenging environment, it is crucial that ethical principles are applied to the highest possible degree. Yet, in current research, the citizens are often neglected. In order to develop a better society for all, we should objectively consider the ends and means of eGovernment. In this paper, we study the relation of the citizens and eGovernment systems from an ethical perspective in order to represent which ethical considerations should be made if one wishes to truly aim for a better society.
Translating business process models to class diagrams
Authors: Berkhout Matthijs , Leewis Sam , Smit Koen
Published: April 2021

Choreography of business processes can track messages between different services. At the time of writing, there are no guidelines to draw a UML Class Diagram from the Business Process Choreography. This paper reports an experiment using a set of guidelines. Objective: Evaluate the subjects’ performance and perceptions when applying the BPc2Class-guidelines and BPc2Class-discovery process. Method: To measure the performance and user perception of both ways of mapping the processes, a comparative experiment was conducted with 38 subjects. The subjects, being master students, solved a process case in the first session and a guidelines case in the second session. A survey was filled in by the subjects to measure the user perception variables. Results: The results indicated that the guidelines showed significantly better results in five out of the six measured variables. Conclusion: Based on the findings and limitations of this research the use of guidelines looks promising, but future research is necessary to further generalize the conclusion.
Exploring governance in a decentralized energy trading eco-system
Authors: Kaya Fadime , Gordijn Jaap , Wieringa Roel , Makkes Marc
Published: April 2021

Increasingly, large tech firms dominate eco-systems. From a societal perspective this is not always beneficial since these companies behave as value extractors; they charge an unreasonable high fee for their services and they can do so because they are monopolists. A possible solution to this substantial power concentration can be decentralized ecosystems, e.g., enabled by blockchain technology, in which decision power is distributed fairly. However, this comes also with the requirement that such eco-systems need a decentralized governance model. This paper explores if such a governance model can be represented by conceptual models, in particular, e3value. We answer this question by designing a decentralized eco-system in the field of electricity supply, which enables peer to peer energy trading, and checking if important governance decisions, motivated by a systematic literature review, can be represented.
Effect of Radiation Processing on Water Absorption and Germination of Kodo and Kutki Millets
Authors: Kaushik Nidhi , Chauhan Komal , Aggarwal Manjeet , Khandal Rakesh
Published: April 2021

Background: In pursuit of exploring gamma irradiation as a technology-intervention for de-husking of Kodo and Kutki millets grown widely, authors of this paper observed that irradiation leads to easy de-husking of hardest Kodo grains. Calibration for appropriate dose of irradiation is needed and hence, this study was planned. This technology, if established, may check millet farmers shifting to other crops. Methods: Kodo and Kutki millets were irradiated by gamma radiations for doses of 0 kGy to 10 kGy. Water absorption capacity and germination potential of irradiated grains were measured to determine the dose for desired results. Result: Water absorption and germination potential of Kodo and Kutki grains improved on irradiation; dose of 2.5 kGy and above resulted in an increase in the quantity of water absorbed and rate of water absorption. The germination also increased but registering maxima at 7.5 kGy for Kodo and 5.0 kGy for Kutki. Irradiation at doses higher than maxima caused decline. Thus, appropriate dose of irradiation was found to be 7.5 kGy for Kodo and 5 kGy for Kutki.
C-reactive Protein as a Quantitative Biomarker in Female Dogs Undergoing Laparoscopic and Open Elective Ovariectomy
Authors: Kumari Archana , Guha Shyamal Kanti , Tiwary Ramesh , Kumar Rajesh
Published: April 2021

Background: Injury or inflammation to the animal body resulted in the initiation of the acute-phase response (APR). Many plasma proteins increase in concentration in response to inflammatory stimuli, but C- reactive protein is considered as the most suitable markers due to their rapid and substantial increase in concentration and short half-lives. The CRP response varied according to the degree of surgical trauma on 3-standardized levels indicating CRP as an inflammatory activity indicator and monitoring markers. The aim of this study was to assess CRP concentrations in female dogs undergoing laparoscopic and open elective ovariectomy. Methods: The studies were conducted on twenty clinically healthy, adult, female dogs under elective spaying. Twenty healthy bitches were randomly assigned into four groups (A, B, C and D) consisting of five animals in each group. The studies were conducted in two phases (I and II). In phase I ovariectomy had been performed in animals of groups A and B with laparoscopy whereas, in phase II ovariectomy in animals of groups C and D were done by open laparotomy. Result: The pre-treatment CRP values did not show any significant change whereas post treatment values of group B were significantly lower as compared to groups D and C. On day 4th, group D values were significantly higher than groups C, B and A. Group C values were also significantly higher than group B. The highest value in group D might be due to more surgical manipulations and post-operative infection at surgical site in the animals under this group.
Ocular Ultrasonography and Echobiometry in Goats of Different Age and Breed
Authors: Athar H. , Parrah J.D. , Mir A.Q. , Moulvi B.A. , Makhdoomi D.M. , Dar M.U. , Handoo N.
Published: April 2021

Background: Bhakarwali, a recognized goat breed of India is native to region of Jammu and Kashmir, plays a significant role in sustaining the livelihood of small and marginal farmers especially the nomadic tribes of Gujjars and Bhakarwals. Keeping in view, its importance to the farming community, high number of cases handled and lack of literature available in the country regarding baseline echobiometric values of eye in goats in general, the present study was undertaken. Methods: Ocular sonography and echobiometry was performed in Bhakarwali (n=60) and Non-descript goats (n=32) and normal echobiometric values for eye structures in different age groups were established. Result: There was significant (P greater than 0.05) increase in the different ocular echobiometric measurements as the animal aged. Further, echobiometric values were non-significantly higher in Bhakarwali goats than local non-descript breed in all the age groups.
Diagnosis of Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD) in Aged Dogs
Authors: Kumar K. Satish , Kumar V.V.V. Amruth
Published: April 2021

Background: Aging is a biological process, which affects many body systems and increases susceptibility to disease that is associated with a reduction in immune response, a decline in cognitive function and a diminished functional reserve of the cardiovascular, pulmonary and renal systems. Diseases of heart or cardiovascular system represents a major component of geriatric medicine among which, myxomatous mitral valve disease is more common among geriatric dogs. The present study is keeping on record about the diagnosis of myxomatous mitral valve disease in geriatric dogs in and around Hyderabad, Telangana state. Methods: A total of 1695 geriatric dogs presented to various clinics including university veterinary clinical complex of Hyderabad, Telangana state during 2015 to 2020 were considered for this study. After confirming that they were free from any other systemic disease, medium to large size breed dogs above 8 years with the history of exercise intolerance, dyspnoea and cough were selected. Diagnostic protocol included, auscultation, chest x-ray and 2d-echocardiography to confirm mitral valve degeneration. Result: Myxomatous mitral valve disease was diagnosed in 427/695 geriatric dogs (61.43%) and were showing hyperechoeic thick mitral valve leaflets with kinking and prolapse. Further, echocardiography also revealed dilated left atrium and ventricle, hyperkinesis of interventricular septum, mitral valve degeneration and rupture of chordae tendineae with valuvular regurgitation.
Age Wise Internal Morphometrical Studies on the Heart of Pre-natal Non-descript Sheep
Authors: Sahu S.K. , Mishra U.K. , Sathapathy S. , Nanda S.M.
Published: April 2021

Background: Heart is the central organ of circulatory system that pumps blood into the blood vessels and performs many vital functions. Its development before birth must be studied to safeguard the animal from the occurrence and consequences of various developmental anomalies. The detailed morphometry of different internal parameters of heart especially in pre-natal sheep has not yet been reported. Methods: The foeti of sheep were divided into two age groups viz. mid prenatal (51-100 days) and late prenatal (101 to 150 days) with fifteen animals in each age group. The various internal parameters were recorded by using digital weighing machine, graduated measuring cylinder, digital Vernier’s calliper, non-stretchable nylon thread and graduated scale. The data recorded was statistically analysed by independent t test with IBM SPSS 25.0 version software. Result: The average thickness of left ventricular wall of heart was measured as 2.85±0.15 mm and 4.28±0.07 mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p≤0.01) differences between the ages. Similarly, the average diameter of left atrio-ventricular opening of heart was measured as 2.06±0.27 mm and 6.08±0.36 mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p≤0.01) differences between the ages. The average length of septal papillary muscle in right ventricle was measured as 1.12±0.10 mm and 3.29±0.21 mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p≤0.01) differences between the ages. Further, the average length of moderator band in heart was measured as 1.45±0.11 mm and 4.34±0.23 mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p≤0.01) differences between the ages. Similarly, the average length of chordae tendinae in right ventricle of heart was measured as 0.97±0.09 mm and 3.50±0.34 mm in mid prenatal and late prenatal stages respectively with significant (p≤0.01) differences between the ages.
Understanding of Yield Stability in Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) Genotypes using AMMI and GGE bi-plot Models
Authors: Saidaiah P. , Pandravada S.R. , Sivaraj N. , Geetha A. , Lingaiah N.
Published: April 2021

Background: Jack bean is an under-exploited legume species, a source of food, medicine and cover crop. By virtue of its adaptive nature to low fertility soils, it is one of the few pulses that grow well on highly leached, nutrient depleted, lowland tropical soils. But, in India, crop improvement work is very little done. Stability of yield is a major criterion for farmer’s acceptability of any variety and there are several methods to estimate the stability and G x E interaction effects of a genotype across seasons. Among these, AMMI analysis is the most recent and widely exploited in different crops for the identification of stable genotypes. In this context, yield stability of 10 accessions of jack bean is studied to identify the stable genotypes. Methods: The experiment was conducted with 10 Jack bean genotypes in RCBD with two replications under rain fed conditions during 2017-2020 in Kharif for four seasons. The data was subjected to analysis of variance and then taken for AMMI and GGE analysis for identification of stable genotypes. Result: The combined analysis of variance revealed that there was highly significant variation (p less than 0.01) in grain yield and environments and genotype interaction among the genotypes. The average bean yield of the genotypes was 533.1 grams per plant. The highest and the lowest mean yield was recorded in PSR-12202 and CHMJB-02 respectively which was corroborated by the AMMI bi-plot as well. Similar to the AMMI bi-plot, the GGE bi-plot also confirmed that PSR-12202 was the stable genotype across the environments, whereas, G1, G2, G3, G4, G6, G7 and G8 were the other genotypes with low yields in some or all the environments. Kharif, 2018 and Kharif, 2020 are discriminating environments and are declared as the most representative than Kharif, 2017 and Kharif, 2019. Generally, PSR-12202 was the ideal genotype with higher mean yield and relatively good stability; G5 was the moderately good yielding genotype and the most unstable genotype; Whereas, G1, G2, G3, G4, G6, G7 and G8 were the poorly yielding and unstable genotypes. Both AMMI and GGE bi-plot are able to establish the genotypic stability and these models can be exploited for judging the genotypes for their GEI in other crops as well.
Multilingualism is a trend in the development of modern Kazakhstan
Authors: Kubieva Venera , Sagiyeva Aelita , Sagiyeva Aelita , Salimgerey Zamira , Baiseitova Mira
Published: April 2021

The development years of sovereign Kazakhstan show that polylingualism in the society not only infringes on the rights and dignity of the Kazakh language but also creates necessary conditions for its development and progress. According to the state program for language development, three languages' priority has been approved: Kazakh, Russian, and English. In addition to Kazakh as the State language and Russian as the language of inter-ethnic communication, English is an essential means of communication. The most important strategic task of Education in Kazakhstan is, on the one hand, to preserve the best Kazakh educational traditions and, on the other hand, to provide school leavers with international qualifications and develop their linguistic consciousness, based on mastering the State, native and foreign languages. Meanwhile, as specified in the concept of language policy of RK, the main difficulty in further realization of language policy in Kazakhstan is "creation of optimum language space of the state". On the other hand, we are talking about a professional gap in specialists' training, studying Russian and Kazakh language. Our study used the following methods: UNT 2015-2019, a survey of 1st-year students of ARGU named after K. Zhubanov. The results of the study can be used to develop a methodological complex for training foreign language teachers.