bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of irrigation water quality on the growth of maize plants, electric conductivity and pH of the soil
Authors: Al-Awadi R. , Ulas A. , ILBAS A. I.
Published: February 2024

The research aims to determine the response of the Maize crop to irrigation with salt water during the growth stages, and to study the accumulation of salts in the soil, the degree of their interaction, and the efficiency of water use. Three types of irrigation water with salt concentrations (1.5, 4.5, 6.5) dSm-1 with three replicates for every kind water. The Randomized Complete Blocks Design was used in the experiment, and it was statistically analyzed using SPSS. Statistically significant differences were found at the 5% level according to Duncan's method. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences attributed to the salinity of irrigation water at the level of 4.5 dsm-1 (T2), which caused about 50% damage in plant height, root growth, leaf area per cob length, weight of 500 seeds, grain yield, and soil. Compared to salinity if irrigated with 1.5 dsm-1 (T1) salinity of river water. Using water with a salinity of 6.5 dsm-1 (T3) as wastewater resulted in a reduction of all apparent plant characteristics by 75%. An increase in soil salinity was also observed at the end of the experiment compared to its salinity at the beginning of the experiment, and this damage increases with an increase in the electrical conductivity of the water used in irrigation operations. It has been observed that soil PH decreases with increasing soil salinity.
β-(2R,3S,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(5-phenyl-2Н-tetrazole-2-yl) tetrahydro-2Н-piran-3,4,5-triol. Synthesis and computer prediction of biological activity
Authors: Pavlyukova Yu. N. , Pevzner L. M. , Gukova P. A. , Novozhilova D. D. , Danagulyan G. G. , Ostrovskii V. A.
Published: February 2024

Background. An urgent problem of creating a domestic production of modern medicines under the conditions of sanctions pressure is the molecular design and development of rational methods for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients of original drugs and young generics.

Objective. In this work, a computer prediction of the biological activity of β-(2R,3S,5R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(5-phenyl-2H-tetrazole-2-yl) tetrahydro-2H- piran-3,4,5-triol 1 — compounds, in the molecule of which there are two promising pharmacophore fragments, was performed: tetrazolyl and galactopyranosyl. Both fragments of the studied molecule are actively used by leading scientific centers for the molecular design and synthesis of promising active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) of modern medicines.

Design and methods. For this purpose, the latest versions of the PASS computer complex were used in combination with molecular docking and scoring in the AutoDoc Vina program.

Results. Based on computer prediction data, it is shown that this compound may have multi-target biological activity.

Conclusion. A rational, scalable method for the synthesis of compound 1, which is recommended for testing in vitro, in vivo activity, is proposed.
The role of neuro-inflammatory in the pathogenesis of brain edema and hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke: mechanisms and therapeutic target
Authors: Shilenko L. A. , Karpov A. A. , Veretennikova E. I. , Galagudza M. M.
Published: February 2024

Acute cerebrovascular accident is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Given the significant increase in life expectancy of the population, stroke will remain a serious medical and social problem in the next few decades. Among the various causes of stroke, ischemic brain damage predominates. Ischemic stroke is based on a decrease in the intensity of blood supply to the brain tissues, as a result of which there is a decrease in the delivery to neurons of the required amount of glucose and oxygen, which are required to ensure the normal function of this organ. At the same time, in many cases, spontaneous or medical restoration of blood flow after a period of ischemia is accompanied by a paradoxical increase in damage, and therefore it is advisable to consider the process of damage to brain tissue during circulatory disorders in the context of ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). One of the key mechanisms of brain IRP is the inflammatory response. In the process of secondary immune damage to the brain, both mechanisms of innate immunity, manifested by leukocyte infiltration of the damaged brain area, and antigen-dependent reactions of adaptive immunity are involved. One of the most important manifestations of neuroinflammation in cerebral IRI is an increase in transand paracellular permeability of the blood-brain barrier, which underlies the development of vasogenic cerebral edema and hemorrhagic transformation of the focus. This review considers current ideas about the molecular mechanisms that link aseptic inflammation, edema, and hemorrhagic transformation.
Malignant Mesothelioma of Tunica Vaginalis of Testis: Revisiting A Rare Entity
Authors: Sharma Sonu
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Malignant mesothelioma is a rare tumour. Tunica vaginalis as the primary site is even rarer. Approximately, 300 cases have been reported to date in the literature. Its prevalence is 0.2 per million. Case Presentation: 67-year-old male, came with complaints of painless swelling in left hemiscrotum for 5 months. On examination, he had an enlarged left hemiscrotum. Ultrasound showed an enlarged left testis with hydrocele, with multiple deposits in tunica vaginalis with increased vascularity. Preoperative tumour markers and metastatic workup were within normal limits. He underwent a left high-inguinal orchidectomy. Microscopy showed intra-cystic papillae with a fibro-vascular core lined by stratified columnar cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and marked atypia. IHC was positive for calretinin, WT-1, D2-40, and negative for PAX 8, CK 5/6, and vimentin. Biopsy suggestive of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis. His follow-up PET scan was normal.
Impact of Gas Flaring on the Environment in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Agwu Mba Okechukwu
Published: February 2024

Gas flaring is a common practice in the oil and gas industry that involves the burning of natural gas during the extraction and processing of crude oil. Despite its economic benefits, gas flaring has significant negative impacts on the environment. This paper explores the various ways in which gas flaring affects the environment, including the emission of greenhouse gases, air pollution, acid rain, and the destruction of ecosystems. It used a cross-sectional survey research design in generating the primary data used for the study, while the location of the study is Kurdistan. It used a sample size of 375 from a population of 6000 Oil & Gas company workers in Kurdistan.    The findings of the study suggest that the negative impacts of gas flaring on the environment are significant, and requires urgent action to mitigate its effects. This paper provides valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders and researchers interested in addressing the environmental consequences of gas flaring in the oil and gas industry.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA ANIMASI BERBENTUK VIDEO MATERI KISAH KETELADANAN WALI SONGO PADA PEMBELAJARAN PAI DAN BUDI PEKERTI KELAS IV SD
Authors: Ridho Muhammad , Azis Abdul , Muzakki
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh peserta didik kelas IV di SDN 5 Panarung yang masih belum mampu mengingat nama-nama Wali Songo dan perilaku yang dapat diteladani dari kisah Wali Songo, terbatasnya pemanfaatan media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran PAI dan Budi Pekerti dan materi Kisah Keteladanan Wali Songo merupakan materi yang bersifat abstrak sehingga perlu gambar bukan hanya sekedar teori/materi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan media animasi berbentuk video materi Kisah Keteladanan Wali Songo pada pembelajaran PAI dan Budi Pekerti Kelas IV SD dan mendeskripsikan kelayakan dari produk media animasi berbentuk video materi Kisah Keteladanan Wali Songo pada pembelajaran PAI dan Budi Pekerti Kelas IV SD. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (Research & Development). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan angket.  Data dianalisis melalui tahapan yang disesuaikan dengan model ADDIE yaitu, analisis (analysis), desain (design), pengembangan (development), implementasi (implementation), evaluasi (evaluation). Hasil pengembangan media animasi berbentuk video berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli media menunjukan presentase tingkat kelayakan 90,38% dengan kualifikasi sangat layak. Hasil validasi ahli materi menunjukkan presentase tingkat kelayakan 90,90% dengan kualifikasi sangat layak. Hasil uji coba skala kecil diperoleh 98,39% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Hasil uji coba skala besar diperoleh presentase 98,07% dengan kualifikasi sangat baik.
ANALISIS KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DALAM PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII DI SMP NEGERI 2 TELUKJAMBE TIMUR
Authors: Pitaloka Indriana , Nur Tajuddin , Permana Hinggil
Published: February 2024

Abstrak. Kecerdasan emosional adalah kemampuan seseorang dalam mengelola kehidupan emosional secara cerdas melalui kemampuan kesadaran diri, mengelola emosi, motivasi diri, empati dan membina hubungan. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kecerdasan emosional peserta didik kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Telukjambe Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menggambarkan dan melakukan deskripsi mengenai Kecerdasan Emosional Pada Peserta Didik Kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Telukjambe Timur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data angket kecerdasan emosional dengan sampel 82 peserta didik kelas VII di SMP Negeri 2 Telukjambe Timur maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa diperoleh nilai rata-rata dari seluruh indikator sebesar 83% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Indikator pertama yaitu kesadaran diri memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 84%. Indikator kedua yaitu mengelola emosi memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 84%. Indikator ketiga yaitu motivasi diri memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 82%. Indikator keempat yaitu empati memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 85%. Dan indikator kelima yaitu membina hubungan memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 82%.

Kata Kunci : Kecerdasan Emosional, Pendidikan Agama Islam, Peserta Didik
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP AKHLAK PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA UII YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Suwahyu Irwansyah
Published: February 2024

This study examines how the use of social media by students at SMA UII Yogyakarta affects their morals. The method used in this study is a combination method or mixed methods. Where the design uses a sequential explanatory model. This study reveals in advance how often students use social media through a quantitative approach by analyzing the results of student questionnaires. And then describe it using a qualitative approach. The result of this study is that the level of students' use of social media is 80%. And when it is associated with morals, the behavior is positive. However, in an in-depth study through interview questions and observations made on students' social media accounts, negative things were found. So it can be concluded that social media that is used too often will have a negative impact on the morals of students.
Explorando a Terra na educação básica
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Carneiro Celso Dal Ré , Santos Gildenir Carolino ,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas
Published: February 2024

O ensino de conteúdos de Ciências da Terra na educação básica pode despertar novos talentos e expandir as perspectivas de desenvolvimento dos alunos, sobretudo em um país de dimensões continentais como o Brasil. Objetivo. O ensino de conteúdos geocientíficos ao longo da educação básica precisa ser apoiado em textos publicados em português. Esta obra pretende oferecer ao professor elementos inspiradores e de aprofundamento para encorajá-lo a trabalhar com seus alunos as múltiplas questões ligadas às Geociências. Metodologia. Partimos de uma pergunta inicial sobre como se dá a formação dos professores que lecionam nos anos iniciais da escolarização? O e-book foi organizado com a pretensão de sanar algumas práticas precárias de sala de aula e deficiências presentes em cursos de formação de professores. Resultados. Os capítulos buscam apoiar a formação inicial e continuada de professores dos vários níveis de escolaridade: iluminam conceitos básicos, oferecem recursos didáticos e sugerem atividades educativas em Geociências. Conclusão. Os textos oferecem experiências práticas e/ou descrevem pontos críticos da fundamentação teórica necessária para que se possa enveredar pelo estudo da complexa, rica e variada geologia de um País que precisa identificar, mensurar e aproveitar suas riquezas, de forma inteligente e sustentável, portanto, respeitando o meio ambiente.
Hubungan Status Anemia, Kualitas Tidur, dan Kemampuan Kognitif pada Remaja Putri Usia 12-24 Tahun di Indonesia (Analisis Data Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5)
Authors: Helmyati Siti , Fauziah Lutfi Afida , Kadibyan Pinaes , Sitorus Nova Lidia , Dilantika Charisma
Published: February 2024

Latar Belakang: Anemia merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi di Indonesia. Perempuan yang berada dalam rentang usia 14-50 tahun memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami anemia. Anemia defisiensi zat besi merupakan penyebab umum kejadian anemia. Defisiensi zat besi dapat berpengaruh pada otak sehingga dapat mengakibatkan terjadi gangguan regulasi tidur, perkembangan mental, kinerja motorik, kemampuan kognitif, hingga perilaku.
Tujuan: mengetahui hubungan status anemia dengan kualitas tidur dan kemampuan kognitif pada remaja putri usia 12-24 tahun di Indonesia.
Metode: Penelitian dengan desain penelitian cross sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder dari IFLS gelombang lima dengan subjek penelitian berjumlah 2016 orang remaja putri yang berusia 12-24 tahun. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah chi square
Hasil: Diketahui bahwa prevalensi anemia pada remaja putri usia 12-24 tahun sebesar 39,93%. Di akhir penelitian, ditemukan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara status anemia terhadap kualitas tidur yang terdiri dari gangguan tidur (p=0,624) dan kualitas tidur (p=0,693) serta kemampuan kognitif (p=0,702).
Kesimpulan: Status anemia tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kualitas tidur dan kemampuan kognitif.
Characteristic of YouTube Video as a Media of Anemia Education in Indonesia
Authors: Helmyati Siti , Aryanti Lintang , Basrowi Ray Wagiu , Pratiwi Dessy
Published: February 2024

Latar Belakang: Pemerintah Indonesia memiliki program untuk mencegah dan mengatasi anemia dengan pemberian tablet tambah darah. Program ini dapat berhasil apabila didukung dengan pengetahuan masyarakat yang baik tentang anemia. YouTube sebagai media sosial, tidak lagi hanya digunakan untuk hiburan melainkan sumber pembelajaran. Berbagai video edukasi anemia di YouTube memiliki karakteristik berbeda-beda yang menarik untuk dianalisis.
Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi ketersediaan video dan menggambarkan karakteristik video YouTube sebagai media edukasi anemia di Indonesia.
Metode: Pencarian melalui google.com dan youtube.com untuk video dengan kata kunci “edukasi anemia di Indonesia.” Video diskrining berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Data terkait karakteristik meliputi bentuk video, jenis pengunggah, durasi, dan jumlah penayangan, serta gambaran isi materi video diidentifikasi. Analisis deskriptif digunakan untuk menggambarkan karakteristik dan gambaran isi materi video edukasi.
Hasil: Dari total 115 video yang didapatkan, 28 video dianalisis. Video edukasi dengan durasi lebih dari 3 menit lebih banyak ditemukan (55,17%), setengah dari total video dibuat dalam bentuk animasi (51,72%), dan sebagian besar video berasal dari kanal non pemerintah/swasta (41,38%). Rata-rata video memiliki 3 menit lebih (190,68 ± 145,50), jumlah penayangan beragam dari mulai 1.033 hingga 77.628, dan rata-rata setiap video dilihat sebanyak 24 kali dalam sehari. Video yang menampilkan presenter/tokoh, memiliki jumlah penayangan (29.557,7 ± 22.353,08) dan penayangan per hari (41 ± 36,4) paling tinggi dibandingkan jenis video animasi dan non animasi lainnya. Video dari kanal institusi non pemerintah atau swasta memiliki jumlah penayangan per hari lebih banyak dibandingkan dari kanal pemerintah dan perseorangan. Penayangan per hari video dengan durasi 3 hingga 6 menit lebih banyak (36,59 ± 34,39) dibandingkan video dengan durasi kurang dari 3 menit (8,04 ± 8,58). Lebih dari 60% video mencantumkan masing-masing informasi edukasi tentang anemia.
Kesimpulan: Video edukasi tentang anemia banyak ditemukan di YouTube dengan karakteristik yang berbeda-beda. Penilaian kualitas video tidak cukup dilakukan hanya mengidentifikasi panjang durasi, jumlah penayangan per hari dan banyaknya poin informasi edukasi. Penelitian lebih lanjut dibutuhkan untuk melihat hubungan durasi dan bentuk video serta jenis pengunggah terhadap engagement pada video edukasi anemia.
The evaluation of the correlation between some variables of the countries and COVID-19 incidence of cases and deaths in different variant periods
Authors: ERDAL Deniz , UĞUZ Burcu Ecem , ŞAŞMAZ Caferi Tayyar
Published: February 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the incidence case/death rate of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and some variables of the countries. Methods: This research is an Ecological study. We analyzed the association of COVID‐19 incidence of cases/deaths with population rates over 65, Gini index, GDP per capita (current US$), burden of disease (DALYs-2019), literacy rate of over 15 years old, Coefficient of Variation (CV) of caloric intake, prevalence of obesity among adults, total COVID-19 vaccine doses administered per 100 people, total test (per 1M). Furthermore, we analyzed the data on COVID-19 incidence of cases/death in the cross-sectionally for three periods: Alpha-Beta-Gamma, Delta and Omicron periods. Spearman correlation test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Positive correlations were found in COVID-19 cumulative incidence of cases/deaths (per 1M), and population rates over 65, GDP (per capita), literacy rate of over 15 years old, prevalence of obesity among adults, total COVID-19 vaccine doses administered per 100 people. On the other hand, negative correlation was found with DALYs, Coefficient of Variation (CV) of caloric intake and Gini index. When the variant periods of COVID-19 were examined respectively (Alpha-Beta-Gamma, Delta and Omicron), the positive correlation and the negative correlation were further increased during the Omicron period. Conclusion: It is recommended to consider the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the countries as well as the characteristics of the disease agent for the prevention and control of a possible pandemic in the future.

Keywords: COVİD-19, DALYs, aged, obesity, vaccine, correlation study
Power, policy, and transgender identities: A case study of gatekeeping by mental health professionals in accessing gender affirming surgeries in India
Authors: Raghuram Harikeerthan
Published: February 2024

Background: Transgender individuals seeking gender-affirming surgeries (GAS) are often denied or delayed by mental health professionals (MHPs). Studies on the gatekeeping of GAS have been mainly conducted in the Global North and primarily focus on the perspectives of health professionals. This case study from India incorporates health professional, community, advocate, and activist perspectives to contribute new evidence about MHP gatekeeping in GAS. The study aims to examine the role of power and gender in MHP gatekeeping of GAS in India. Methods: A qualitative multi-method case study including thematic analyses of key informant interviews (n = 9) and policy analysis using the policy triangle framework. Results: Health professionals and transgender persons participate in the construction, performance, and reproduction of gender indicating the persistence of gender normativity in India which enables gatekeeping by MHPs. However, evidence suggests some signs of a change from binormativity to a culturally intelligible and historically familiar “trinormativity”. Conclusion: To understand MHP gatekeeping, there is a need to contextualise this example of biopower within the larger social construction of gender within which MHPs operate. A transition from binormativity to “trinormativity” enables MHP gatekeeping of transgender persons seeking GAS. This risks creating new forms of gender-related oppression, such as new hierarchies and class differences between the gender binary and the “third gender”.
Native Languages in the Education System in Ethnic Federations: Comparative Analysis
Authors: Farukshin M.
Published: February 2024

The initial and main thesis of the article is that the teaching and learning of native languages in ethnic federations differs in specifics in comparison with other federations and unitary states. Comparing the experience of a number of ethnic federations in the field of education seems relevant for all multinational and multilingual states. The article consists of three parts. The first one deals with the problem of the division of powers in the management of teaching of native languages in the education system between the federal center and subjects of a federation. There is a difference in the implementation of these powers in multinational ethnic federations with a dominant national language and federations where there is no single official national language, and the sphere of education, including teaching of native languages, falls within the competence of the subjects of a federation. The author argues that the most optimal model of the division of powers in the field of language policy in the education system consists in consolidation of the basic provisions and principles at the federal level and transfer of issues of operational management of education and the functioning of educational institutions to the regional level, taking into account the elements of autonomy of the subjects of a certain federation. The second part discusses the problem of the voluntary choice of language in the education process or the non-alternative legislative designation of the language of teaching and learning. Generalization of the experience of a number of ethnic federations leads to the conclusion that in these states teaching of both national official language and official language of a subject of a federation, as well as the native language, as a rule, is not established on the basis of a free choice of parents or students, but is in fact mandatory. The third part is devoted to comparing the experience of both ethnic multinational and bi-ethnic federations in the face of conflict-causing factors that hinder the study of native languages. Rarely do ethnic federations avoid disputes over the use of dominant and non-dominant languages in teaching and learning, and there has been a number of extremely contradictory or even conflict situations. One of the reasons is that it is not always possible to develop an optimal model of the distribution of powers between the federal center and subjects of a federation in the system of education in the field of language policy, while all countries possess institutional mechanisms that can prevent the existing contradictions from escalating into conflicts on ethno-linguistic grounds. In conclusion, the author attempts to identify common features that characterize the teaching and learning of native languages in ethnic federations.
A General Framework for Visualizing Machine Learning Models
Authors: Bi Ziqian , Gao Raymond , Fang Shiaofen
Published: February 2024

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, particularly Machine Learning algorithms, becomes increasingly ubiquitous, our abilities to understand and interpret AI and machine learning algorithms are becoming increasingly desirable. Visualization has been used as a common tool to view and understand complex machine learning processes. In this paper, we will focus on developing a general framework for the visualization of machine learning models as a scalar valued multi-dimensional function to help users understand how the models behave over different viewing spaces. We first give a formal definition of the visualization problem. Interpolation-based morphing and subspace sampling techniques are applied to generate various renderings through projections and cross-sections of the model space as 3D surfaces or heatmap images. This method will be applied to two real-world datasets and applications: the diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) using a human brain networks dataset and a real-world benchmark dataset for predicting home credit default risks. The visualizations show that different machine learning algorithms can behave quite differently under different conditions.
Snapshot Optimal Real-time Ride Sharing
Authors: Hassan Afzaal , Wallace Mark , Moser Irene , Harabor Daniel
Published: February 2024

Ridesharing effectively tackles urban mobility challenges by providing a service comparable to private vehicles while minimising resource usage.
Our research primarily concentrates on dynamic ridesharing, which conventionally involves connecting drivers with passengers in need of transportation. The process of one-to-one matching presents a complex challenge, particularly when addressing it on a large scale, as the substantial number of potential matches make the attainment of a global optimum a challenging endeavour.
This paper aims to address the absence of an optimal approach for dynamic ridesharing by refraining from conventional heuristic-based methods, commonly used to achieve timely solutions in large-scale ride-matching. We propose a novel approach that provides snapshot optimal solutions for various forms of one-to-one matching, ensuring they are generated within an acceptable timeframe for service providers.
Additionally, we introduce and solve a new variant where the system itself provides the vehicles. The efficacy of our methodology is substantiated through experiments carried out with real-world data extracted from the openly available New York City taxicab dataset.
Questionnaire-Based Investigation of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Omani Parents in the Outpatient Pediatric Departments of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hassan Moataz mohamed , Al Yazidi Laila S , Elsidig Nagi , Al Falahi Mohamed , Al-salmi Najah , Al-Jaffari Yahya , Al-Amri Labiba , Zeidan Hiam , Al-Zakwani Ibrahim
Published: February 2024

Background: Vaccinating children against COVID-19 is an essential public health approach for preventing infection in children and adults. This study aimed to explore parents' attitudes toward and the rate of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among children in Oman. Methods: This cross-sectional study used an online, self-administered questionnaire. The 9-item questionnaire was validated earlier and administered between June 2021 and May 2022. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. The parents received a pre-validated Google questionnaire. Responses from the parents of children younger than 11 years of age were accepted. Results: 384 participants completed the questionnaire, including 207 males (54%). The response rate was 86% (384/447). Of the 384 participants, 69% of the parents hesitated to vaccinate their children aged 1-11-year-old children). In parents of children aged 1–4 years, parental vaccination status was significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy (odds ratio [OR]: 0.116, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.044–0.306; p < 0.001). Additionally, vaccine hesitancy was significantly more common in mothers than in fathers (OR: 0.451, 95% CI: 0.240–0.848; p = 0.013).
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Mothers of children were 77% more likely to be hesitant than fathers (.78, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 0.50–0.1.23; p = 0.283). Conclusion: Many parents hesitated to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Consequently, future awareness campaigns and strategies should target new vaccines. The results of our study show that the Arabic version of the 5-point Likert Scale for Vaccination Hesitancy is a valid and reliable tool.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF BORDER CLOSURE BY THE NIGERIA GOVERNMENT ON REGIONAL INTEGRATION IN THE WEST AFRICA REGION
Authors: Ogundare Yemi , Edun Abdulkareem Jimoh , Ayinde Salihu Mosadioluwa
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Nigeria is the acclaimed giant of Africa in specific ramifications. The country is bordered by four African countries namely Cameroon, Chad, Benin, and Niger, and emphatically the hub-nub of economic survival of many African nations such as Togo and Ghana. However, Nigeria’s government recently announced the closure of its borders with these neighboring countries albeit, temporarily, and cited illegal importation of goods and services from these countries which has a consequential damaging effect on her economy. This paper interrogates the reasons and consequences of Nigeria’s Government’s action on border relations with neighboring countries. Adopting the descriptive design method, the research work relied heavily on secondary sources of data collection. Proximate stakeholders such as importers and exporters, Nigerian farmers, and relevant government agencies on border control were also interacted with.  Using protectionist theory to analyze trends of actions, the theory argues that protectionist trade policies will always lead to an improved economic result. Findings reveal that despite short-run socio-political and economic gains, protectionism negates the principle of globalization and free trade principles which both the Economic Community of West African States(ECOWAS) and Africa Union(AU) promote among its member states including Nigeria that are signatories to the free trade protocols. The paper recommends among others, that the Nigeria Government should address her internal challenges within its border security apparatus to avert the double jeopardy of violating border relations principles and creating a trade war with her neighbors
On the Case of Locke’s Limit of Free Speech, and Its Justification
Authors: Karundeng Muhammad Reza Tryandhi
Published: February 2024

John Locke’s Second Treatise exists as one of the fundamental concepts in modern political thoughts, acting as a basic foundation of liberalism at its early stages due to its core concepts focusing around freedom of speech and expression. His understanding of said freedom, however, comes with a limit centred around both direct and indirect harm, which acts as this article’s main point of interest. The author argues that Locke’s implementation of a limit on free speech does not impede the people’s freedom at all, but instead serves to create an environment where every opinion matters, no matter the origin, be it from a majority or minority. To support this argument, the author has put forth three claims based around several parts of the Second Treatise, along with case studies relating to them. As a result, Locke’s emphasis on the limits of free speech advocated for a wide-ranging opportunity for everyone to declare their opinions freely and openly, necessitating vigorous debates between opinions without resulting in friction between differing groups, acting as a tool for progress instead of conflict. To conclude, Locke reveals a nuanced understanding of freedom of speech while highlighting its role as a cornerstone of early liberalism while acknowledging limits around harm, and contending that his imposition of boundaries fosters inclusive environment while encouraging debates between opinions, and ultimately promotes progress in a society.
Pengaruh Pemberian Buku Saku Kendali Kebakaran (Busa Kekar) Terhadap Pengetahuan Kebakaran Karyawan Teknik PT Konimex
Authors: Widjanarti Maria Paskanita , Kamillia Marcellina , Cahyanto Erindra Budi
Published: February 2024

The Pharmaceutical Industry has a high risk of fire initiated by flammable chemicals, electrical energy and heat energy for production purposes. Fire Prevention Management must be carried out to manage the energy that causes fires. Fire prevention efforts, such as increased knowledge, availability of fire prevention infrastructure, and simulation activities, need to be conducted to increase the alertness of workers. Workers have an essential role in dealing with fires. Workers in engineering departments with activities that carry many risks of burning must be given knowledge in dealing with fires. They need to understand and analyse hazardous conditions in the workplace to apply fire extinguisher measures in the workplace. This study provides an intervention in the Fire Control Pocket Book (BUSA KEKAR) and its effect on fire control knowledge among technical employees at PT Konimex. A quasi-experimental method with a research design in the form of a posttest-only control design was used in this study. The experimental group was given intervention in the form of a Fire Control Pocket Book (BUSA KEKAR), while the control group was not assigned any intervention. The Experimental Group consisted of 35 people. Analysis of the Mann-Whitney test was carried out on the post-test results of the experimental group and the control group. There was an effect of giving the Fire Control Pocket Book (BUSA KEKAR) intervention on fire knowledge between the experimental group and the control group (p = 0.000).
Model Learning By Doing Terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Bencana Konteks Gempabumi Di MTS Negeri 1 Pulau Morotai
Authors: Amelia Risky , Hasmawati  , Marwis
Published: February 2024

Pulau Morotai memiliki potensi bahaya gempabumi yang tinggi, namun tidak diimbangi dengan kapasitas daerah yang tinggi dalam penanggulangan bencana.  Daerah dengan potensi bahaya dan kondisi masyarakat yang rentan yang tinggi maka potensi risiko bencana juga tinggi. Maka perlu dilakukan Pengurangan Risiko Bencana (PRB) dari segala sektoral, salah satunya melalui pendidikan dengan peningkatan literasi bencana. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh model learning by doing terhadap kemampuan literasi bencana konteks gempabumi di MTs Negeri 1 Pulau Morotai. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan quasi experiment design dengan rancangan experiment pretest-postest control group. Analisis data dengan statistik parametik untuk uji hipotesis yaitu analisis kovarian (Anacova) dengan menggunakan SPSS 22 for windows dengan taraf signifikansi 0.05 yang sebelumnya dilakukan uji Normalitas dan uji Homogenitas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya perbedaan pengaruh pembelajaran antara model learning by doing dengan konvensional terhadap kemampuan literasi bencana konteks gempabumi dengan nilai Sig. 0,00.
ANALISIS TINGKAT ANCAMAN LONGSOR DI DISTRIK RANSIKI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI SELATAN
Authors: Alzair Nur , Mayzarah Erikha Maurizka
Published: February 2024

Pemetaan tingkat ancaman longsor merupakan salah satu kegiatan yang penting manajemen risiko bencana longsor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memetakan tingkat ancaman longsor pada Distrik Ransiki.  Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 6 bulan yaitu dari bulan Mei hingga bulan November 2021 di Distrik Ransiki, Kabupaten Manokwari Selatan, Provinsi Papua Barat. Metode. Parameter yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Litologi, Struktur Geologi, Curah Hujan, tata Guna Lahan, dan Kemiringan Lereng. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode tumpeng susun dimana untuk pembobotan parameter menggunakan Metode analytical hierarchy process (AHP). AHP ini digunakan untuk penentuan bobot dari setiap kelas parameter dan parameter bencana longsor. Pemetaan tingkat ancaman longsor dilakukan dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcGIS 10.1. Hasil Peneltiannya yaitu terdapat 3 tingkat ancaman bencana longsor di Distrik Ransiki, Kabupaten Manokwari Selatan. Tingkat Ancaman rendah memiliki luasan 6.792,06 Hektar atau 37,52% dari total luasan Distrik Ransiki. Tingkat Ancaman Sedang seluas 6.741,33 Hektar atau 37,24% dari total luas wilayah Distrik Ransiki. Tingkat Ancaman Tinggi sebesar 4.567,85 Hektar atau Sekitar 25,24% dari total luas wilayah Distrik Ransiki. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah pada daerah dengan tingkat ancaman sedang dan tinggi dapat dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut guna meminimalisir dampak dan kerugian yang akan disebabkan oleh longsor.
MicroRNA-145-5p Regulates the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Nasal Polyps by Targeting Smad3
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Peng Xiaole , Liang Xiaolong , Wang Wentao , Yang Yuqing , Xu Fan , Lu Xiaomin , Geng Dechun , Li Manyi
Published: February 2024

Objectives. The annual prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is increasing, and the lack of effective treatments imposes a substantial burden on both patients and society. The formation of nasal polyps in patients with CRS is closely related to tissue remodeling, which is largely driven by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases through the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network; however, the specific mechanism of the miRNAs involved in the formation of nasal polyps remains unclear.Methods. The expression of EMT markers and Smad3 were detected using western blots, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining. Differentially expressed genes in nasal polyps and normal tissues were screened through the Gene Expression Omnibus database. To predict the target genes of miR-145-5p, three different miRNA target prediction databases were used. The migratory ability of cells was evaluated using cell migration assay and wound healing assays.Results. miR-145-5p was associated with the EMT process and was significantly downregulated in nasal polyp tissues. In vitro experiments revealed that the downregulation of miR-145-5p promoted EMT. Conversely, increasing miR-145-5p levels reversed the EMT induced by transforming growth factor-β1. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that miR-145-5p targets Smad3. Subsequent experiments confirmed that miR-145-5p inhibits Smad3 expression.Conclusion. Overall, miR-145-5p is a promising target to inhibit nasal polyp formation, and the findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for nanoparticle-mediated miR-145-5p delivery for the treatment of nasal polyps.
Infantile Myofibromatosis of the Femoral Neck
Authors: Gunderson Ashlynn , Abraham Vivek M. , Li Alexander D. , Lorimer Shannon D. , Rocchi Vanna
Published: February 2024

Case:

A 15-month-old boy who was being followed for developmental dysplasia of the hip because of breech presentation was discovered to have a solitary infantile myofibroma in the left femoral neck. The patient was avoiding weight-bearing on the affected extremity; thus, stabilization of the femoral neck was performed using a proximal femur locking plate. Postoperatively, he achieved all gross motor developmental milestones.

Conclusion:

This report is the first to describe a solitary infantile myofibroma in the femoral neck and demonstrates the utility of operative stabilization of these lesions.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tear After Radial to Axillary End-to-Side Transfer
Authors: Protzuk Omar , Schmidt R. Cole , Craig Justin M. , Weber Matt , Isaacs Jonathan , O’Connell Robert
Published: February 2024

Case:

A 60-year-old man sustained a massive irreparable rotator cuff tear and axillary nerve palsy with deltoid dysfunction after an anterior shoulder dislocation. He underwent staged reverse end-to-side radial-to-axillary nerve transfer with return of deltoid function allowing for subsequent reverse shoulder arthroplasty. At 1 year postoperatively, he returned to full activity.

Conclusion:

Irreparable rotator cuff tears complicated by axillary nerve palsy can be effectively treated with a staged approach of nerve transfer followed by reverse shoulder arthroplasty.
A Rare Case of Awkward Gait
Authors: Feyder Cathy , Lejeune Gauthier , Rondia Jean , Vande Berg Bruno , Allington Nanni
Published: February 2024

Case:

A young girl without pertinent medical history presented with a leg length discrepancy and an awkward gait disturbance. After a rapid growth spurt during the following year, other symptoms became obvious, she developed an inability to sit crossed legged, and her range of motion of the left hip decreased. Hip magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a left unilateral fibrous band between the iliac wing and the greater trochanter.

Conclusion:

A fibrous band is a rare cause of leg length discrepancy and gait disturbance. The gait and hip movement improved after excision of the band.
Assessing the genetic diversity of Nymphoides peltata in the native and adventive range using microsatellite markers
Authors: Tippery Nicholas , Harms Nathan , Purcell Matthew , Hong Sun Lee , Häfliger Patrick , Killoy Katelin , Wolfe Ashley , Thum Ryan
Published: February 2024

Nymphoides peltata (yellow floatingheart), native to Eurasia, is an invasive plant in the USA, where it grows in relatively isolated but widespread populations. The species is capable of sexual reproduction by seed and asexual reproduction through fragmentation. Although N. peltata is recognized as a noxious weed, little is known about its geographic region of origin or its dispersal mechanisms and relative amount of genetic variation in its adventive range. We conducted a genetic analysis of N. peltata by studying 68 localities across the native range and 47 localities in the adventive range, using microsatellite markers to determine genetic variability within and among populations, and to infer regions in the native range from which invasive plants originated. A large number of sites in the USA were genetically identical to one another, and there were two predominant multilocus allele phenotypes that were distributed in the northern and southern latitudes, respectively. Additional USA sites were similar to one of the predominant genetic profiles, with greater genetic diversity in southern populations. The genetically identical sites are consistent with asexual spread, potentially via anthropogenic mechanisms. Plants across the USA range were observed to produce viable seeds, and some genetic variation could be explained by sexual reproduction. All USA plants were more similar to plants in Europe than they were to plants in Asia, indicating that the plants likely were introduced originally from Europe. The existence of two genetic clusters and their similarity to plants in different parts of Europe constitute evidence for at least two N. peltata introductions into the USA.
La firma electrónica basado en reconocimiento facial y el riesgo de suplantación de identidad en el Colegio de Ingenieros del Perú, Consejo Departamental de Lima
Authors:   , Cervantes Alejos Raul Alejandro
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre la firma electrónica basado en reconocimiento facial y el riesgo de suplantación de identidad en el centro de peritaje del Colegio de Ingenieros del Perú, Club departa-mental de Lima. Se busca que el perito firme sus evidencias a través de la firma electrónica con validación facial. La tecnología facial se inicia con la detección facial, preprocesado de la imagen, extracción de los patrones faciales y verificación facial. Con la captura facial, se valida la identidad del Perito a través de una consulta con la base de datos de RENIEC. El diseño de la investigación es experimental de tipo correlacional. La población fue de 475 peritos, tomando como muestra 60 peritos del Centro de Peritaje. La metodología empleada en el desarrollo del sistema informático fue Scrum y RUP (Rational Unified Process) mediante la herramienta StarUML para el análisis funcional, el sistema fue desarrollado con lenguaje de programación Java Web, framework Angular 9, con gestor de base de datos MYSQL. Los resultados mostraron que, en ca-da hipótesis planteada, existía una correlación directa entre las variables principales. Se concluye que los peritos están dispuestos a usar la firma electrónica como reemplazo a la firma manuscrita, reduciendo el riesgo de suplantación de identidad. Por lo cual, la firma electrónica favorece al perito en no tener que firmar volúmenes de hojas y que su identidad se encuentre validada en el informe pericial.
Nivel de conocimiento sobre la atención estomatológica de pacientes gestantes en estudiantes de estomatología de dos universidades latinoamericanas
Authors:   , Taboada Granados Miguel Alessandro
Published: February 2024

Introducción: Los odontólogos deben tener conocimientos específicos para la atención de pacientes sistémicamente comprometidos. Durante la gestación ocurren cambios importantes a nivel sistémico y estomatognático de la paciente, donde si no se tiene un correcto manejo puede repercutir directamente en la salud de la madre o del producto. Es importante conocer el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de odontología de la Universidad Científica del Sur para compararlos con otras instituciones a nivel internacional y de ser posible proponer reformas en el plan de estudio de la carrera. Objetivo: Conocer y comparar el nivel de conocimiento sobre la atención estomatológica de pacientes gestantes en estudiantes de estomatología de dos universidades latinoamericanas. Materiales y métodos: Estudio analítico, descriptivo y transversal, cuya muestra fue de 103 estudiantes del 7mo al 9no ciclo de la carrera de odontología de la Universidad Científica del Sur (UCSUR) de Perú y de la Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP) de México. El instrumento de evaluación fue un cuestionario de 30 preguntas cerradas sobre mitos y creencias, adaptación de la fisiología femenina, patología bucal, empleo de medicamentos y tratamiento odontológico durante la gestación. Los resultados fueron catalogados en bueno, regular y deficiente. Resultados: El 44,66% de los estudiantes presentó un nivel de conocimiento regular, mientras que el 28,16% obtuvo un resultado bueno y el 27,18% deficiente. No hubo una diferencia significativa (p=0,458). Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento sobre atención estomatológica de la paciente gestante fue regular en ambas universidades con ventaja para la UPAEP.
WITHDRAWN: Condition Monitoring of Metro Wheelsets Using Wayside Vibration and Acoustic Sensors
Authors: KILINC Onur , Vágner Jakub
Published: February 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn, as it was submitted in error. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.