bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
" Si lo hacemos así, en la escuela nos regañarían”. Discursos matemáticos locales de adultos con baja escolaridad
Authors: Palmas Pérez Santiago Alonso
Published: January 2021

Enfocado en la educación matemática de jóvenes y adultos (EMDJA), este artículo registra los intereses educativos que las personas quisieran incluir en su educación contrastándolos con la forma en la que se presentan los contenidos del currículo matemático para dicha población. Se define Discurso matemático con base en estudios socioculturales lingüísticos y la definición de Discurso de Gee (2001, 2004), entendida como una serie de “coordinaciones (‘una danza’) de personas, lugares, tiempos, acciones, interacciones, expresiones verbales y no verbales, símbolos, cosas, herramientas y tecnologías que muestran ciertas identidades y actividades asociadas”. Este estudio cualitativo se basa en entrevistas que exploran los Discursos matemáticos subyacentes a los intereses educativos de adultos con baja escolaridad. El objetivo de esta investigación es registrar algunos elementos que posibilitarían fortalecer el puente entre lo que las instituciones consideran que se tiene que enseñar y lo que las personas adultas quieren aprender. Desde este análisis, se concluye precisando la necesidad de consolidar el currículo matemático para la EMDJA en tres aspectos: de agencia y de participación, aquéllas relacionadas con el fortalecimiento de la identidad de las personas adultas y el cuestionamiento a la génesis temporal de los conceptos matemáticos que se usa en los currículos.
De la educación rural a la educación rural comunitaria: reflexiones desde el municipio de San Jerónimo Coatlán, Oaxaca
Authors: Pérez Ríos Edgar , Cárdenas Vera Erica Yuliana
Published: January 2021

Se reflexiona sobre la importancia de transitar de una educación rural oficial a la educación rural comunitaria, esta última basada de manera central en el vínculo escuela-comunidad. Para este estudio se articularon los resultados preliminares de dos investigaciones más amplias realizadas en el Municipio zapoteco de San Jerónimo Coatlán, en la Sierra Sur de Oaxaca, por medio del uso de la etnografía educativa (Rockwell, 1991 y Piña, 1997) e implementación de talleres enmarcados bajo una metodología comunal (Pérez, 2018b) . Las reflexiones que sustentan el artículo son resultado de nuestro trabajo de campo (realizado entre marzo de 2018 y junio de 2019), y se dirigen hacia la construcción y compartencia de conocimientos en torno a la territorialidad y la vida comunitaria. Asimismo, se presentan las reflexiones centradas en mostrar uno de los retos emergentes frente a la educación y la escuela rural en este municipio, que consiste en fortalecer los sistemas epistemológicos propios con base en los proyectos comunitarios locales, de manera que la educación y la escuela se transformen efectivamente en espacios de diálogo entre lo nacional y lo local.
A Case Study- Visual Analysis of Sales Records Using TABLEAU
Authors: Patil Manisha M.
Published: January 2021

In this decade the new ecosystem of needs skills and tools for self-service analysis is developed for various business domains. So the need of maintaining the data records and performing data analysis tasks on it for further decisions to improvise business process operations. There is a need to gather various sales records that make it easy to measure monthly sales performance by product segment and by product category. The data gathered is stored with the help of an excel sheet which is a fast and reliable source to maintain sales records. BI analysts can use a wide variety of business intelligence BI tools such one is Tableau which gives them more flexibility in representing the results. Here as sales records are vast information to be stored and it needs to be formatted in some order. Tableau a visual analysis tool helps to measure sales targets from the whole dataset easily and gives the results in the form of desktop view very fast. These visual views can be used further to achieve the best sales targets in the future.
Political Aspect as the Main Constraint to Realize Green Growth In East Kalimantan
Authors: Hartanto Hartanto
Published: January 2021

The journey of economic growth and development is on an unsustainable trajectory, marked by conditions that endanger natural assets and environmental services, both of which form the basis of long-term economic growth and human well-being. Indonesia is the 6th largest emitter in the world, while East Kalimantan itself is the 6th largest emitter nationally. The fundamental question that often arises in the author's mind is "can economic prosperity be obtained by marginalizing natural factors which are then deemed insignificant? In response to this, a concept known as green growth emerged. To discuss this, the author uses qualitative methods. This method provides a form of data collection and analysis that focuses on emphasizing and understanding meaning. The data collected comes from official documents and other supporting documents. The author makes interpretations of what is seen, heard and understood. The results showed that in order to achieve Green economic growth in East Kalimantan, political, economic and social aspects must be considered.Political aspects are the most important thing because policies play a key role in realizing green growth, policy makers can build green growth strategies, with the help of their commitments. However, the political, social and economic aspects are interrelated and mutually supportive.
PROTOTIPE MOBILE ROBOT PEMINDAH BARANG DENGAN KENDALI SMARTPHONE ANDROID BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: Hidayat Akik , Hidayah Manarul
Published: January 2021

Pemindahan barang adalah aktivitas memindahkan barang dari satu tempat ke tempat lainya. Pemindahan barang dilakukan setiap hari oleh manusia terutama didalam dunia kerja contohnya perindustrian. Pemindahan dengan menggunakan tenaga manusia merupakan salah satu beban fisik yang diterima pekerja. Beberapa aktivitas seringkali membuat pekerja mengalami kecelakaan kerja. Dengan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi sekarang penulis mendapat ide untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan di atas yaitu, membuat alat kendali mobile robot pemindah barang dengan memanfaatkan smartphone android. Mobile robot ini dibangun menggunakan Arduino Uno R3, Motor Driver Shield L293D, Motor DC untuk penggerak ban dan Motor Servo sebagai penggerak Gripper, serta Modul Bluetooth HC-06 untuk koneksi antara perangkat Arduino dan Smartphone Android. Cara kerja mobile robot pemindah barang ini adalah melalui aplikasi di smartphone android dengan kendali navigasi tombol dan kendali suara.

Kata kunci : Mobile robot, Kendali smartphone android, Pemindah barang.
Coronavirus Disease-19 Outbreak: Barriers to Hand Hygiene Practices Among Healthcare Professionals in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Alegbeleye Bamidele J. , Akpoveso Oke-Oghene P. , Mohammed Rana K.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene practice entails hand washing, which is simple, cost-effective, and one of the first lines of defense in ceasing the spread of the current pandemic. This narrative review of published studies is conducted to highlight factors impacting hand hygiene practice and identify evidence-based strategies for improvement in sub-Saharan Africa.

METHODS: The literature search strategy covered printed and online sources, including manual library search (PubMed), Embase, Medline, and Cochrane Library. For papers written in English and published in the last ten years. A systematic analysis of available data was subsequently performed based on the review questions.

RESULTS: An estimated 134 articles were found online, and thirty-two articles utilized in the final analysis. Overall, hand hygiene betides with low compliance rates in developing countries. The calculated compliance rate was 20.49%. The challenges identified were the poverty of awareness and scientific knowledge concerning hand hygiene, infrastructural deficit including lack of access to clean and potable water, soap, hand rub gel, misconceptions regarding hand hygiene practice, etc.

CONCLUSION: Healthcare-associated infections draw increasing attention from all and sundry due to the growing recognition that most of these are preventable. Free evidence-based practice suggests that strict adherence to hand hygiene reduces the risk of cross-transmission of infections and especially in the COVID-19 pandemic era. The challenges identified in this review are consistent with the findings of studies conducted elsewhere. With “Clean Care is Safer Care” as a prime list of the World Health Organization’s global initiative on patient safety programs; therefore, it is high time for developing countries to formulate the much-needed policies for implementing basic infection prevention practices in our healthcare settings.
Big Data in Agriculture
Authors: Sadiku Matthew N. O. , Ashaolu Tolulope J. , Musa Sarhan M.
Published: January 2021

Big data and analytics are helping to improve and transform a multitude of industries in the modern world, and agriculture industry is no exception. Today, data is transforming one of the world’s oldest industry: agriculture. Agriculture has become increasingly high-tech and data-driven over the years. To counter the global problems of increasing food demand and climate changes, agriculture professionals are now pushing for data-driven agriculture, which offers cost savings and business opportunities. This paper addresses the use of big data in agriculture and the management of farming processes.
The Relationship of Medical Sociology to Sociological Theory: Its Historical Root, Contributions and Contemporary Development
Authors: Assi Victor Eyo , Akunna Chima, Promise
Published: January 2021

The nexus of this study was to examine the Relationship of Medical Sociology to Sociological Theory, its historical root, contributions and Contemporary Development. Medical sociology is a relatively new sub-discipline of the general field of sociology; today medical sociologists comprise one of the largest groups of sociologists in the world. Medical sociology began with a different orientation when compared to sociology’s “core” fields. Unlike religion, law, politics, modes of economic production, and basic social processes, medicine was ignored by sociology’s early theorists because it was not an institution shaping society. Medical sociology did not come of age until the late 1940s and early 1950s in an intellectual climate far different from sociology’s traditional specialties with direct roots in nineteenth century social thought. Consequently, medical sociology evolved in circumstances dissimilar to those of most other sociological sub-disciplines. The notion that medical sociology is theoretical is wrong. Thus, this paper has provided a brief account of the history and variety of viewpoints in sociological theory that have been utilized within the field of medical sociology and has provided influential statements on the relationship between society and health. Beginning with Parsons and structural functionalism, medical sociology in reality has a rich theoretical tradition spanning almost 60 years and incorporating the work of both classical and contemporary theorists.
Análisis descriptivo de pacientes diabéticos del Programa Cardiovascular en CESFAM Pinares, Chiguayante, Chile, año 2015.
Authors: Reyes Hidalgo Valentina Javiera , Hidalgo Acuña Leonel Esteban , Condeza Riquelme Felipe Ignacio
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN: La Diabetes Mellitus ocupa muchos recursos sanitarios en atención primaria, por eso inda­gamos factores condicionantes que la acompañan. OBJETIVOS: Conocer el estado de salud y tratamiento de los diabéticos que acuden al Programa Cardiovascular del Centro de Salud Familiar Pinares, Chiguayante, Chile. MA­TERIALES Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de una muestra de 120 pacientes durante Marzo y Mayo de 2015. Se usaron las variables: sexo, edad, estado nutricional, patología crónica asociada, presión arterial, adherencia a terapia farmacológica y dietética, y compensación. RESULTADOS: 63% eran mujeres y 37% hombres, con promedio de edad 65,6 años, en un rango entre 41 y 89 años. 80% presentaba malnutrición por exceso, con 20% sobrepeso y 60% obesidad. 77% presentaban hipertensión arterial, 43% Dislipidemia, 20% artrosis, 17% en­fermedad renal crónica, entre los resultados más relevantes. CONCLUSIONES: Se debe seguir trabajando por un buen control y educación con el binomio paciente diabético-médico para el éxito del tratamiento.
Eficacia de ketamina y meperidina para prevención de temblores en pacientes sometidas a cesárea bajo anestesia regional
Authors: Alegre Andrade Patricia
Published: January 2021

Introducción: En el postoperatorio de anestesia obstétrica, los temblores representan el 54%. Por lo cual, se pretende evitarlo en la sala de recuperación, usando medicamentos que regulen los temblores como ketamina y meperidina.

Objetivos: Determinar la eficacia de la ketamina y meperidina para prevención de temblores en pacientes sometidas a cesárea bajo anestesia regional.

Métodos: Se realizó un ensayo clínico, simple ciego, aleatorizado y controlado. En el Hospital Obrero N° 2, Ingresaron en el estudio 40 pacientes cumpliendo criterios de inclusión, 20 pacientes por grupo. Las dosis usadas en el grupo Ketamina de 0.25 mg/kg y grupo meperidina de 0.1 mg/Kg. Se usó la escala de Crossley para determinar temblores, medición de temperatura periférica y efectos secundarios maternos y fetales. Para análisis estadístico se usó Chi x2 de Pearson.

Resultados: La edad media del estudio es 29,77±3,35 años; Tiempo quirúrgico media de 50 ± 8,8 minutos;Temperatura en quirófano más frecuente se encontraba entre 22° a 23° C; La temperatura periférica se encontró entre 36.6°C a 37.5 °C; en el grupo de meperidina se presentó más nauseas. No existen efectos secundarios en neonatos.

Conclusiones: Los temblores redujeron en los pacientes que recibieron ketamina mientras que en los que recibieron meperidina presentaron más nauseas como efecto secundario.
EFFECT OF ALMOND SHELL PARTICLES ON TENSILE PROPERTY OF PARTICLEBOARD
Authors: Ethmane Isselem Arbih , Yahfdhou Ahmed
Published: January 2021

The objective of the study was to fabricate particleboard using almond shell. The significance of the study is that it can result in creating raw material for panel industry which is in shortage these days. Different particleboards were made based on almond shell particles ratios mixed with epoxy resin. In this study, we investigated the resulting shell particleboard tensile properties. Results shows that when added with almond shell, the tensile properties of the resulting panel showed greater performance. For example, it showed better hardness which is a desirable quality.
Quantification of the role of stabilized Criegee intermediates in the formation of aerosols in limonene ozonolysis
Authors: Gong Yiwei , Chen Zhongming
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Stabilized Criegee intermediates (SCIs) have the potential to
oxidize trace species and to produce secondary organic aerosols (SOAs),
making them important factors in tropospheric chemistry. This study
quantitatively investigates the performance of SCIs in SOA formation at
different relative humidity (RH) levels, and the first- and second-generation
oxidations of endo- and exocyclic double bonds ozonated in limonene
ozonolysis are studied separately. Through regulating SCI scavengers, the
yields and rate constants of SCIs in a reaction system were derived, and the
quantities of SCIs were calculated. The quantity of SOAs decreased by more than
20 % under low-humidity conditions (10 % RH–50 % RH), compared to that under
dry conditions, due to the reactions of SCIs with water, while the inhibitory
effect of water on SOA formation was not observed under high-humidity
conditions (60 % RH–90 % RH). When using excessive SCI scavengers to exclude
SCI reactions, it was found that the effect of water on SOA formation with
the presence of SCIs was different from that without the presence of SCIs,
suggesting that SCI reactions were relevant to the non-monotonic impact of
water. The fractions of the SCI contribution to SOAs were similar between dry
and high-humidity conditions, where the SCI reactions accounted for
∼ 63 % and ∼ 73 % in SOA formation in the
first- and second-generation oxidation; however, marked differences in SOA
formation mechanisms were observed. SOA formation showed a positive
correlation with the quantity of SCIs, and the SOA formation potential of SCIs
under high-humidity conditions was more significant than that under dry and
low-humidity conditions. It was estimated that 20 %–30 % of SCIs could be
converted into SOAs under high-humidity conditions, while this value decreased
by nearly half under dry and low-humidity conditions. The typical
contribution of limonene-derived SCIs to SOA formation is calculated to be
(8.21 ± 0.15) × 10−2 µg m−3 h−1 in
forest, (4.26 ± 0.46) × 10−2 µg m−3 h−1
in urban areas, and (2.52 ± 0.28) × 10−1 µg m−3 h−1 in indoor areas. Water is an uncertainty in the role SCIs play
in SOA formation, and the contribution of SCIs to SOA formation needs
consideration even under high RH in the atmosphere.
Copula approach for simulated damages caused by landfalling US hurricanes
Authors: Leahy Thomas Patrick
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Hurricanes are destructive forces of nature that have the ability to cause vast devastation both economically and socially. Estimating the potential damage caused by hurricanes aids local, state and federal governments as well as insurance and reinsurance companies to plan for future hurricanes. Direct damages caused by hurricanes are difficult to estimate. There are multiple factors that could contribute to the damages caused by a hurricane. Wind is typically considered the most important factor to account for when estimating potential damage. Aside from the complex physical processes, the difficultly in estimating hurricane damages is further compounded by limited data and a changing climate. Fitting models with limited data presents a series of challenges. These challenges include outliers that could form a large proportion of the data, overfitting, missing data and it becomes difficult to leave out a portion of the data for external validation. This study found a significant positive correlation using the Kendall rank correlation coefficient between hurricane damages, measured by the area of total destruction and the maximum landfalling wind speed (τ = 0.451). A copula-based approach was used to model their dependency. Both bivariate Archimedean and elliptical copulae families were assessed as potential models. A bivariate Frank copula with Weibull marginals was found to be the most appropriate fitting model based on a visual inspection of the contour plots of the fitted copulae. Simulation from the fitted copula was qualitatively similar to observation. This study demonstrated a potential method to overcome the limitation of small data facing models to estimate hurricane damages.
Exploration of the close chemical space of tryptophan and tyrosine
reveals importance of hydrophobicity in photo-CIDNP performances
Authors: Torres Felix , Renn Alois , Riek Roland
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Sensitivity being one of the main hurdles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can be gained by polarization techniques including Chemical Induced Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (CIDNP). Kaptein demonstrated that in CIDNP the polarization arises from the formation and the recombination of a radical pair in a magnetic field. In photo-CIDNP of interest here the radical pair is between a dye and the molecule to be polarized. The polarization obtained is thereby dependent on a complex interplay between the two molecules and their physico chemical properties. Here, we explore photo-CIDNP with a set of ten tryptophan and tyrosine analogs and observe not only signal enhancement of two orders of magnitude for 1H at 600 MHz (corresponding to 10'000 times in measurement time), but also reveal that the hydrophobicity of the molecule appears to be an important factor in the polarisation extend. Furthermore, the small chemical library established indicate the existence of many photo-CIDNP active molecules.
The long-standing relationship between Paramagnetic NMR and
Iron-Sulfur proteins: the mitoNEET example. An old method for new
stories or the other way around?
Authors: Camponeschi Francesca , Gallo Angelo , Piccioli Mario , Banci Lucia
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy and iron-sulfur (Fe–S) proteins have maintained a synergic relationship for decades. Indeed, the hyperfine shifts with their temperature dependencies and the relaxation rates of nuclei of cluster-bound residues have been extensively used as a fingerprint of the type and of the oxidation state of the Fe–S cluster within the protein frame. The identification of NMR signals from residues surrounding the metal cofactor is crucial for understanding the structure-function relationship in Fe–S proteins, but it is generally impaired in standard NMR experiments by paramagnetic relaxation enhancement due to the presence of the paramagnetic cluster(s). On the other hand, the availability of systems of different size and stability has, over the years, stimulated NMR spectroscopists to exploit iron-sulfur proteins as paradigmatic cases to develop experiments, models and protocols. Here, the cluster binding properties of human mitoNEET have been investigated by one-dimensional and two-dimensional 1H diamagnetic and paramagnetic NMR, in its oxidized and reduced states. The NMR spectra of both oxidation states of mitoNEET appeared to be significantly different from those reported for previously investigated [Fe2S2]2+/+ proteins. We show how the use of 1D NOE experiments, 13C direct-detected experiments, and the optimization of NMR experiments for paramagnetic systems significantly reduce the blind sphere of the protein around the paramagnetic cluster. The application of this approach provided a detailed description of the unique electronic properties of mitoNEET, that are responsible for its biological function. Indeed, the NMR properties suggested that the specific electronic structure of the cluster possibly drives the functional properties of different [Fe2S2] proteins.
Eponymously named surgical instruments and gender: why representation matters
Authors: Abigail Arnott  , Perri Deacon  , Van Koughnett Julie Ann
Published: January 2021

Women continue to be under-represented in most surgical specialties, especially in academic hospitals. Historically, most surgical instruments are named for the surgeon who     developed or invented them. A review of surgical instruments was completed to better understand the impact of women innovators in surgery. Eponymous instrument names were cross-referenced to the surgeon for whom they were named through a review of historical texts, medical journals, and online instrument catalogues; an interview was also conducted. Of 458 eponymous instrument names, only three were connected to women: spine surgeon Dr. Nancy Epstein, and ophthalmologists Dr. Bonnie Henderson and Dr. Sheri Rowen. Dr. Sheri Rowen was interviewed to discuss her experience developing new surgical instruments and her career as a female surgeon. This interview highlighted the importance of same-gender role models in surgery, which is supported by the literature; having female surgeon role models is associated with a greater interest in a surgical career for female medical students. Gender-based discrimination has also been shown in the literature to be a barrier against women in surgery. A discussion of opportunities for improving the representation of women in surgery is presented: medical education departments should improve female surgeon representation through lectures, conferences, and meetings; schools should also provide female surgeon mentorship for female medical students.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EDUCACIONAIS IMPLICADAS NO BOM DESEMPENHO EM CIÊNCIAS NO PISA: UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO BRASIL, SINGAPURA E FINLÂNDIA
Authors: Buhler Juliane , Ignácio Patrícia
Published: January 2021

Os resultados do Programa Internacional de Avaliação de Alunos (PISA) vêm sendo utilizados para promover investigações e debates sobre as práticas e políticas públicas desenvolvidas em países com desempenhos exitosos. Na esteira destas investigações, o objetivo do estudo foi pesquisar as Políticas Públicas Educacionais envolvidas no Ensino de Ciências implementadas em Singapura, na Finlândia e no Brasil. Sob o prisma da educação comparada, tomou como corpus de análise: artigos, teses e dissertações; documentos legais dos países em estudo; e relatórios da OCDE. Os achados da pesquisa mostram que, Singapura e Finlândia: a) possuem sistemas educacionais descentralizados e currículos flexíveis; b) investem mais de 9.000 USD por estudante; c) fortalecem a interação escola e universidade; d) priorizam à formação docente; e) apresentam uma atraente carreira docente.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE SABERES/FAZERES PELO EMARANHADO DE VOZES NO/PELO COTIDIANO EM TEMPOS DE COVID-19
Authors: Neves de Carvalho Elizandra
Published: January 2021

O presente documento  visa apresentar um relato de experiência enquanto professora de Inglês da educação básica de uma escola pública, descrevendo  a construção de um trabalho interdisciplinar que vem sendo realizado neste momento de suspensão de aulas devido à pandemia da Covid-19.  Dialogo com Freire e Certeau, especialmente, acerca da função social da escola e do currículo construído no e pelo cotidiano, a fim de tecer novas considerações a respeito do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, visando sua adequação, dado o momento sócio-histórico em que nos encontramos.
PAULO FREIRE E A EDUCAÇÃO-MUNDO: FORMAÇÃO PARA A LIBERDADE E A VIVÊNCIA NA CIDADE
Authors: Martins Vivian , Sousa Ribeiro Gabriela
Published: January 2021

Considerando a importância da vivência da e na cidade para a educação, este trabalho objetiva compreender, em contexto de pesquisa-formação na cibercultura, como a teoria do conhecimento de Paulo Freire pode ser entrelaçada com os estudos de ampliação da educação para além das instituições escolares, considerando a vivência dos estudantes em seus territórios, suas culturas e suas identidades construídas nas experiências urbanas. O referencial teórico é constituído pelas obras de Paulo Freire e de outros autores que relacionam educação e cidade. Utilizando a metodologia da pesquisa-formação na cibercultura, o contexto da pesquisa foi no curso Formação docente para comunicação, cultura e arte. Buscamos conversar com os dados a partir de três noções: existência problematizadora que modifica o mundo, docência que respeite os saberes dos educandos e esperançar um novo mundo. A educação freiriana para ressignificar vivências e percepções urbanas mostra-se fundamental para construção de um mundo mais justo e diverso.
A AÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA CRÍTICA E FORMAÇÃO DO PENSAMENTO REFLEXIVO
Authors: Dalbosco Claudio Almir , Bertotto Cláudio , Schwengber Ivan Luís
Published: January 2021

Resumo: O ensaio busca aproximar dois teóricos da educabilidade humana Dewey e Freire, bem como, problematizar os fundamentos que envolvem o ato ensinar e de aprender em uma perspectiva contextualizada, reflexiva, libertadora e que proporcione o desenvolvimento de práticas democráticas. O pensamento reflexivo parte de um problema, o alcance da ação educativa, que se inicia de uma espontaneidade necessária, mas não suficiente para a educabilidade humana e a socialização. Assim, tanto a reflexão como a conscientização, guardadas as devidas diferenças teóricas, são fundamentais para que uma ação educativa seja completa. Esse itinerário, se dará a partir de análise bibliográfica e em três momentos. Primeiro abordamos o conceito de ação pedagógica, o segudo trata a dimensão pensamento reflexivo e por fim, a prática libertadora como princípio emancipatório, necessário para as democracias.
Political Leadership in Policy Implementation: Case Study of Rural Transport Accessibility in Kuala Krai, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Maria Mohd , Raja Ariffin Raja Noriza
Published: January 2021

Politics plays a major role in every aspect of the government development plan. Kelantan is an interesting case in understanding the different political leadership involved in the implementation process. This study reports how politics influenced the development of rural transport accessibility in Kuala Krai, Kelantan. In-depth interviews were conducted among 33 respondents; 13 policymakers from the federal, state and local level and 20 villagers covering all the three sub-districts in Kuala Krai, Kelantan, Malaysia. The findings were presented based on the emerging themes emerged from the analysis. The findings confirmed that politics is the primary mover in formulating and implementing any transport accessibility plan in the study area. The findings also provided ultimate insights for policymakers at multiple decision-making level involved in formulating and implementing for an accessible rural transport system for the rural communities.
Immersive simulation approach in designing the first prone position ventilation course for trauma critical care and emergency medicine cases
Authors: Al Momani Emad A , Atallah Karim , Al-Atey Asmaa Mosa , Alraoush Tawfiq
Published: January 2021

Background: The prone ventilation technique has been newly adopted by HMC (Hamad Medical Corporation). The literature has revealed the effectiveness of the prone position technique to improve ventilation and oxygenation in traumatic and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) cases . The prone ventilation technique is a step before deciding a higher medical escalation . There were only a few trained and competent trauma critical care nurses on the prone ventilation technique within HMC, and the frequency of this procedure was increasing in the critical care trauma settings. The need arose to train more health professionals on prone position ventilation technique. A one-day prone position ventilation educational course was designed incorporating the immersive simulation approach (case based –high fidelity simulation). Methods: In March 2018 HMC critical care and trauma leadership decided to design a course on prone position ventilation technique. The course curriculum was designed to incorporate high fidelity immersive simulation training. A skills assessment checklist was designed. Two case based simulation scenarios were developed, and to be followed by debriefing sessions
. A retrospective explorative survey was conducted for 100 nurses to evaluate the effectiveness of the course design. Results: Applying the immersive simulation in the prone ventilation course was effective as an interactive and dynamic learning and teaching method (). Furthermore, there was significant improvement in the skills and knowledge of HMC trauma nurses regarding the prone position ventilation technique (). Learning through reflection and debriefing was an effective approach for deep learning and knowledge retention. Discussion & conclusion: Having trained and competent healthcare practitioners on prone position ventilation is important to maintain patient safety and to improve patient outcomes. Applying case based immersive simulation is an effective method for prone position education. The high fidelity immersive simulation enhances the dynamic learner's engagement and reflective learning.
Rapid detection of bacterial infections using nanotechnology-based point-of-care sensor with Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Zughaier Susu , Wu Xiaomeng , Chen Jen , Zhao Yiping
Published: January 2021

Background: Mass gathering is a risk factor for infectious diseases transmission. Therefore, rapid detection of infections is highly desirable. The current gold standard approach to detect bacterial infections in clinical samples (biological fluids) requires three days of bacterial culture to obtain the diagnosis and antibiotic sensitivity results. This approach, although very accurate results in considerable delay in initiating proper treatment which increases the transmission of infection, mainly hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, rapid detection of infection would lead to rapid clinical interventions, which mitigate the spread of infection and support antibiotic stewardship consequently reducing the burden of hospital-acquired infections. The goal of this research is to develop a highly innovative sensor (point-of-care device) for rapid detection of bacterial infections in biological fluids. This project will also focus on identifying unique SERS spectra of bacterial infections commonly associated with mass gathering and early detection of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Methods: The proposed biosensor is a culture-free diagnostic method utilizing nanotechnology-based fabricated silver nanorod arrays (AgNR) as a substrate for the Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Results: We reported the proof-of-concept study using this novel SERS-based diagnostic where we showed that rapid detection of bacterial biomarkers in sputum and exhaled breath condensates (EBC) from patients with cystic fibrosis. We further identified unique SERS spectra of various bacterial siderophores and small molecule metabolites. Conclusion: This method is highly sensitive, fast, cheap, and can be implemented at the bedside using a portable (hand-held) Raman spectroscope.
Improving telephone CPR time interval at Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service
Authors: Bounouh Sonia , Askri Hishem , White Toni , Zaghouani Ouissem , Thomas Varughese Anish , Tuquib Laderas Catherine , Ahmed Mahmoud Makhlouf Ahmed Mohamed Ashraf , Abbas Hussain Raza
Published: January 2021

Background: Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service (HMCAS) Emergency Medical Dispatch Center uses protocols and processes ensuring early recognition and early telephone CPR (T-CPR) for Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) reported by the public through 999 emergency lines. An audit of random sampling cases indicated that the average time to start bystander hands-on CPR varies from 5 to 7 minutes. Consequently, a quality improvement plan was designed and launched in the Emergency Dispatch Center of HMCAS for the aim of improving the average time interval from when the call is answered by an Emergency Medical Dispatcher until the caller starts hands-on CPR. The project aimed to improve the average telephone-CPR time initiation from 5 minutes in January 2018 to 3 minutes by July 2019. Methods: We adopted the American Heart Association Telephone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Time standards and performance benchmarks. A cardiac registry was implemented, audio recordings of confirmed Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrests (OHCA) received at 999 Emergency Dispatch Center were reviewed using a standardized time-stamp methodology linked with the Ambulance Service outcome data. All call takers went through training and continuous measurement of their performance levels with timely feedback. Results: Out of 214,220 received emergency calls in 2018 a total of 697 OHCA cases were audited, 332 cases received T-CPR, 231 cases met the criteria for inclusion. By July 2019, there was a reduction in Average telephone-CPR time interval from 5:38 minutes to 3:33 minutes (). Conclusion: The implementation of T-CPR time standards and staff training was associated with improvements in the provision and timeliness of T-CPR.
La pandemia desde una perspectiva biopolítica
Authors: Andrada Agustina Alejandra
Published: January 2021

Este artículo se propone analizar la actualidad de los abordajes foucaulteanos sobre el saber médico para explicar los sucesos acontecidos a raíz de la pandemia del covid-19. Para ello nos centraremos en su definición de la medicina como práctica biopolítica, analizando en qué medida esta continúa siendo una técnica política de intervención con efectos de poder sobre la vida y sobre la muerte de la población. Al mismo tiempo, intentaremos pensar el marco de racionalidad política en el que se inscribe la actual crisis sanitaria, esto es: el neoliberalismo y sus consecuentes formas de “hacer vivir y dejar morir”.
Financiarización e idealización. Un análisis de la defensa técnica al modelo de capitalización individual
Authors: Muñoz Ferrer Álvaro
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo tiene por objetivo ofrecer un análisis del argumento técnico que habitualmente se esgrime para defender el sistema de capitalización individual chileno. Se mostrará que, tras la discursividad técnica, permanecen ocultos dos asuntos íntimamente conectados que buscaremos develar: la existencia de supuestos altamente idealizados y la relación entre financiarización de la economía, privatización de la seguridad social y precarización del mercado laboral. Se argumentará que ambos aspectos dificultan la aceptación del razonamiento y se mostrará la relevancia de transparentar aquello que subyace a la técnica económica.
“Mas amas diehtá maid oarri borrá?”: Contesting Sustainability in Sápmi
Authors: Frandy Tim
Published: January 2021

In recent decades, traditional Sámi salmon fishing has become increasingly restricted on the Deatnu River, dividing Finland from Norway. Many Sámi have resisted this conservation effort, contending that it represents a type of “green colonialism.” This article explores the concept of sustainability as a cultural construction within Sámi and Nordic contexts, emphasizing the historical evolution of sustainability, its inextricable ties to culture and knowledge traditions, and its role in colonialism today.
Revisiting Stories from the 1989 and 1990 Smithsonian Folklore Summer Institute for Community Scholars
Authors: Belanus Betty J.
Published: January 2021

The term “community folklore scholar” has been used by public sector folklorists since the early 1980s, although its exact origins are subject to speculation. A discussion among public sector folklorists about the origins and usage of the term prompts the author to reflect on the development of the Smithsonian Folklore Summer Institute for Community Scholars in 1989 and 1990 and the stories told by the participants, which are still relevant today.
Adoption of IFRS for SMEs in Albania
Authors: Gjoni Albana , Cela Shpresa , Salko Drini , Qerimi Migena
Published: January 2021

Small Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) is one of the most important engines of economic growth in Albania. They make a significant contribution to local and global trade and also to the national economic development. SMEs have the largest proportion of total Albanian employment, almost 78% of the total number of employed people. They generally face difficulties in financing and investing decisions, globalization, and other matters, mainly because of their inappropriate formal financial reports. These enterprises must prepare adequate financial statements and proper accounts to deal with third parties’ needs and ensure stakeholder’s confidence. This requires financial statements to be prepared by international financial reporting standards (IFRS), national accounting standards, and local government laws. Therefore, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) provided a new standard to ensure the required financial reporting quality for SMEs. The main focus of this study is to examine the attitudes of financial statement’s information’ users in Albania towards the adoption of this financial reporting standard for SMEs as progress on the general financial reporting process in Albania, and also to estimate their capabilities and interests on this matter.
Evaluation and Management of Common Accessory Ossicles of the Foot and Ankle in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Murphy Robert F. , Van Nortwick Sara S. , Jones Richard , Mooney James F.
Published: January 2021

Accessory ossicles are a common radiographic finding about the foot and ankle in children and adolescents. They are often noted incidentally during evaluation of foot and ankle injuries, and most can be managed nonsurgically. Although over 20 accessory ossicles have been described around the foot and ankle, five specific structures generate the most concern in pediatric patients. An accessory navicular presents commonly with medial midfoot pain and may require surgical intervention after failure of nonsurgical treatment. Although an accessory navicular can be treated surgically with simple excision, there is some recent evidence that supports concomitant reconstruction of associated flatfoot deformities. Os trigonum, an ossicle posterior to the talus, is also commonly asymptomatic. However, os trigonum may be associated with persistent posterior ankle pain, and open and endoscopic resection techniques are successful. Os subfibulare is an uncommon ossicle that may be associated with recurrent ankle sprains. Recent literature reports successful return to activities after ossicle excision and ligament reconstruction. Os subtibiale may be confused with a medial malleolar fracture in skeletally immature patients. Os peroneum may contribute to lateral midfoot pain.
Scoliosis Screening
Authors: Oetgen Matthew E. , Heyer Jessica H. , Kelly Shannon M.
Published: January 2021

The national recommendations for school screening programs for scoliosis in the United States have undergone a shift in perspective over the past two decades. In 2004, the United States Preventive Services Task Force recommended against screening programs but changed its recommendation to be inconclusive in 2018. Early diagnosis of scoliosis can allow for close monitoring of the deformity and early initiation of bracing treatment when appropriate, with the goal of preventing costly and invasive surgical intervention. Several different diagnostic tools are available, including Adam's forward bending test alone, Adam's forward bending test with scoliometry, the humpometer, and Moiré topography, each with varying degrees of sensitivity and specificity. Controversy prevails over the cost efficacy of screening programs and possible unnecessary exposure of adolescents to radiation for confirmatory radiographs after a positive screening test. However, the recent definitive evidence of bracing treatment efficacy in slowing the progression of scoliotic curves and preventing the need for surgery indicates that school screening programs may still have a role in allowing early diagnosis.
Closed Pantalar Dislocations: Characteristics, Treatment Approaches, and Outcomes
Authors: Vosoughi Amir Reza , Vallier Heather A.
Published: January 2021

Closed pantalar dislocation mainly occurs among male adults aged 20 to 45 years and is usually associated with high-energy trauma, mostly falls (50.0%). The talus dislocates anterolaterally in about 85% of cases. Pure pantalar dislocation is more common (54.7%) than cases with concomitant fractures (45.3%). Ankle fractures are the most common associated fractures, followed by fractures of the talar posterior process. Among 40 reported cases, 24 had successful closed reduction (60%), 11 had unsuccessful closed reduction (27.5%), and 5 underwent open reduction without attempting closed reduction (12.5%). The success rate for closed reduction of closed pantalar dislocation is 68.5% (24/35 cases). Post-traumatic arthrosis occurs in 32.3%. Osteonecrosis occurs less often than previously reported. Infection after closed reduction of pantalar dislocation is very rare except after open reduction and fixation for concomitant talar fractures. Conclusively, closed pantalar dislocations are very rare injuries and may portend a poor prognosis. Urgent talar relocation restores ankle and hindfoot anatomy and reduces pressure on surrounding soft tissues to optimize outcome. A closed reduction maneuver should be attempted initially, followed by urgent open reduction when the talus is not accurately reduced through closed means.
Increasing the Educational Value of the Orthopaedic Subinternship: The Design and Implementation of a Fourth-Year Medical Student Curriculum
Authors: Orner Caitlin A. , Soin Sandeep P. , Mahmood Bilal , Gorczyca John T. , Nicandri Gregg T. , DiGiovanni Benedict F.
Published: January 2021

Introduction:

Most orthopaedic subinternships function as month-long interviews. These rotations remain relatively unstructured and lack standardization, and their overall educational value has been called into question. The goals of this educational initiative were to create a structured subinternship curriculum for orthopaedic applicants and to shift the focus of the subinternship from a month-long interview to an organized educational experience.

Methods:

After review of knowledge and skills expected for early orthopaedic residency under the structure of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestones, a curriculum dedicated to orthopaedic subinternships was created. Students who completed the curriculum filled out anonymous Likert scale evaluations (rating their comfort/knowledge from 0 to 10 before and after their rotation) and answered open-ended qualitative questions.

Results:

Forty-six subinterns participated in the program over 3 years. Four weekly learning modules were designed and taught by orthopaedic residents, with faculty oversight of content and structure. Each monthly rotation began with an orthopaedic surgical skills laboratory and concluded with a case-based oral presentation. Weeks two and three covered different milestone-based topics and included didactic and skills development. Data analysis revealed that students reported notable improvement in knowledge and familiarity with each of the topics. The greatest improvements were in tibia intramedullary nailing and applying a tension band to an olecranon fracture. When asked which surgical skills station was the most helpful, 70% chose lag screw insertion and basic plating techniques. All students felt that creating their case presentation was productive.

Conclusion:

This educational initiative resulted in the successful design and implementation of a milestone-based orthopaedic surgery subinternship curriculum. The program was well received by students, contributed to learning and competency, and provided teaching opportunities for residents. The format and content of this subinternship curriculum can easily be adapted to regional and national teaching programs.
La sostenibilidad en los estudios de moda
Authors: Martínez Barreiro Ana
Published: January 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo teorizar sobre la moda sostenible y contextualizar los principales enfoques teóricos. Para alcanzar este objetivo, en primer lugar, vamos a indagar cuándo los estudios de moda emplazaron su interés por el tema de la sostenibilidad. En segundo lugar, analizamos los principales trabajos que sí han conseguido relacionar el concepto de sostenibilidad con la industria de la moda y el consumo. En tercer lugar, presentamos la Teoría del Actor- Red (ANT) y la Teoría de las Prácticas Sociales (TPS), ambos enfoques nos ofrecen algunas vías fructíferas para investigar la relación entre la moda y la sostenibilidad.
Dyspnea in Takayasu Arteritis—An Ordinary Cause with An Extraordinary Link
Authors: Arora Umang , Vasavada Advait , Vyas Surabhi , Ray Animesh
Published: January 2021

Takayasu arteritis (TA) poses a diagnostic challenge as it may have a myriad of clinical presentations. Dyspnea, as an index presentation in TA, may be secondary to the involvement of the aorta, myocardium, and/or the pulmonary vessels, or can present as a manifestation of pulmonary infection with tuberculosis. Significant lymphadenopathy cannot be attributed to TA and serves to point towards a different diagnosis or concomitant infection. Tuberculosis has been associated with TA and has considerable pathogenic and therapeutic implications. We present a case of a young female with extensive intra-thoracic tubercular lymphadenopathy compressing the trachea and right main bronchus resulting in dyspnea. The patient was subsequently found to have active TA and improved after treatment with anti-tubercular therapy and steroids. We review the causes of dyspnea and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in a patient with TA.
Awake Proning in COVID-19—Does CPAP Make a Difference?
Authors: Mittal Saurabh , PB Sryma , Madan Karan , Mohan Anant , Tiwari Pawan , Gaur Janamejey , Hadda Vijay
Published: January 2021

Awake proning is being used as an adjunct to the current therapies for patients with cooronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related hypoxemic respiratory failure [...]