bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Динамика смысловых составляющих ментальности поколений
Authors: Пищик Влада Игоревна , Сиврикова Надежда Валерьевна
Published: May 2018

The article focuses on the study of life’s senses of three groups of generations. The authors analyze researches of Russian and foreign researchers showing that generation is a group of people with sense-value bases of mentality which have been formed in adolescence and differ from other generations. By means of N.  L.  Ivanova’s technique they have revealed the generational identification of groups: Soviet, transitional, Post-Soviet. By means of V. Iu. Kotliakov’s technique it was established that family, communicative and altruistic senses were leading senses in the group of teenagers. The group of youth demonstrates cognitive, family senses, senses of self-realization, and also existential senses. In the group of pensioners there are existential, family and communicative senses. The authors draw a conclusion about statistically significant distinctions of senses in groups of different generational identities.
Семиосфера психоанализа: постановка проблемы
Authors: Филатов Филипп Робертович
Published: May 2018

The author makes an attempt to consider psychoanalysis as a specific practice of sense-creation in the light of Yu. M. Lotman’s theory of semiosphere. The fundamental changes initiated by the psychoanalytic doctrine in various areas of sense-creation, in the very logic, dynamics and dramaturgy of forming cultural and personal senses are discussed. The author emphasizes the role of the psychoanalytic discourse when there is a transition from the logic of fact (Ludwig Wittgenstein’s “Logical-Philosophical Treatise”) to the logic of sense/paradox (Gilles Deleuze’s philosophy). A brief description of the psychoanalytic semiosphere with its properties of heterogeneity, binarity, and asymmetry is offered.
О смысловом пространстве невербального общения
Authors: Лабунская Вера Александровна
Published: May 2018

The article deals with factors of forming the sense space of nonverbal communication. On the basis of the integration of approaches to the psychology of communication and a number of propositions of the psychology of sense-creation the author considers crucial questions of the psychology of nonverbal communication. Theauthor states that the concept of “sense space of nonverbal communication” most precisely reflects both features of interrelations between nonverbal behavior and multifaceted personal constructs, features of encoding – interpretation of nonverbal behavior and the dependence of these processes on the context, the situation of communication, the degree and modality of partners’ significance for each other entailing reflection and experience of previous interactions. In the article the author draws a conclusion that the person’s interaction with a situation of communication leads to forming new senses and the dynamics of the sense space of nonverbal communication, to its situativity, “fluidity”, that the complex of variables directs the search for senses of nonverbal communication reflecting immediate relations between partners, their attitudes, intensions towards another person, own self, the whole situation of communication.
Индивидуализация наказания несовершеннолетних в правоприменительной деятельности: психологические аспекты
Authors: Голдобина Виктория Сергеевна
Published: May 2018

The article considers the issues of accounting psychological characteristics of a person with the individualization of the punishment appointed by minors. The complexity of studying the personality of the teenager, the perception of information, and behavioral aspects in terms of the crime situation due to age-related features, which are characteristic of juvenile age. The importance of accounting for individual characteristics is determined by the fact that any, including atypical behavior of a minor, both in terms of the crime, and after that, depends on the properties of the identity of the juvenile, which are often neglected in practical enforcement.It is pointed out the need to consider not only the socio-demographic, but psychological aspects of personality, which affect consciousness (awareness) of one’s own actions and the consequences that they may lead to, as well. This accounting treatment requires special psychological knowledge that makes appropriate use of psychological expertise or involvement in the investigation of criminal cases against a child psychologist. Psychologist can competently give a psychological retrospective and prognostic assessment of the personality as a whole and separate relevant to the case of psychological properties to establish the degree of public danger of minors, establish responsibility and the need to apply subsequent corrective action.The article considers not found legislative regulation of the issue of assessment of personal characteristics stipulated in the list of circumstances mitigating and aggravating criminal liability in relation to the realization of these circumstances a minor. Consciousness (awareness) of the juvenile face of certain circumstances as mitigating (aggravating) are determined by the conditions of education and disabilities of minors. Analysis of the extent of awareness has practical value from the point of view of the effectiveness of juvenile correctional impact and prognostic assessment.
Психологические особенности профессиональной идентификации сотрудников следственного комитета: материалы эмпирического исследования
Authors: Ермаков Павел Николаевич , Березин Игорь Гарриевич
Published: May 2018

This article brings forward empirical materials of studying professional identification of officers of the Committee of Inquiry. Professional identification is considered as a process of development of personal reflection of professional identity of the Self in correlation with a “reference image” of the employee of a respective organization for the purpose of achieving a positive professional self-identification. Officers of the investigative departments of the Committee of Inquiry of the Russian Federation stationed in the territory of the Southern and North Caucasus federal districts (1286 persons) were respondents.Quite a number of techniques were used for revealing features of professional identity of officers of the Committee of Inquiry. Author’s questionnaires revealing levels of reflection of professional identification of officers of the Committee of Inquiry were developed. The authors have also used psychometric techniques (diagnostics of motivational orientations in interpersonal communications (I. D. Ladanov, V. A. Urazaeva), a personal differential technique (version adapted in the Scientific Research Institute named after V. M. Bekhterev, 2007), diagnostics of a real structure of value guidelines of the person (S. S. Bubnova), express diagnostics of system-characterologic relations of personality (E. L. Kas’ianik, E. S. Makeeva), a study of the motivational structure of activities (K. Zamfir), a technique for revealing the level of conflict tolerance, diagnostics of emotional barriers in interpersonal communication (V. V. Boiko).Diagnostic results have made it possible to reveal various strategies of professional identification of the officers surveyed in the study. The obtained data shows how professional identification influences the level of professional activity and the extent of professional self-realization. The article also describes barriers (obstacles and difficulties) which are reflected (realized) by officers as that prevents them from corresponding reference characteristics and finding harmonious relations with colleagues and leaders.
Использование психологических знаний при расследовании убийств, совершенных на бытовой почве
Authors: Киселёв Александр Петрович
Published: May 2018

This article touches upon urgent problems of law-enforcement practice for investigation of the most socially dangerous types of crimes – domestic homicides which form a considerable proportion of all the homicides committed in the territory of the Russian Federation.

Effective investigation of domestic homicides, realization of a complex of measures by authorized state bodies directed on prevention of such crimes is impossible without knowledge of psychological features of such a personality by the law enforcement official. The carried out scientific studying have made it possible to distinguish and generalize these features, to disclose their content.The article explains psychological features of the person committed domestic homicide, gives opinions of scientists who have developed, studied and researched these spheres, specifies mental abnormalities, their significance and influence on the illegal behavior of the person committed domestic homicide. The author has made an attempt to indicate reasons which lead or may lead to commission of acts of aggression in a family and also designates other external circumstances, subjective factors influencing a choice of a violent way of resolving conflicts. Features of a domestic murderer’s behavior after commission of a socially dangerous act are given.The author uses not only empirical data, but also facts of the investigative and judicial practice which have made it possible to unite practical experience with psychological, criminological researches of personality, in relation to domestic homicides. In this regard, this article is of scientific and practical interest for the experts involved in investigation of domestic homicides and their prevention.
Ценности семьи как фактор этноконфессиональной безопасности
Authors: Звездина Галина Павловна , Исмаилов Казбек Ваитович
Published: May 2018

The article substantiates the relevance of studying the problem of ethno-confessional safety of a polycultural region in modern Russian society. The authors differentiate the concepts concerning the problem of ethno-confessional safety. They consider features of the presentation of concepts: confessional safety, religious safety, ethnocultural and ethnic safety, ethno-confessional safety. Threats of ethnoconfessional safety in a situation of uncertainty and instability of modern society are designated. The role of the family as a social institute transmitting values of culture and traditions of its ethnos is demonstrated. Results of the empirical study of family values of married couples of various ethnic origins living in conditions of the polycultural region (the Chechen Republic) are presented. Features of values of a modern family, depending on ethnic origin (Russians, Chechens, mixed families), in the context of ethno-confessional safety are distinguished and described. The authors have revealed that values of wellbeing (to have a good job and a good family, health, to be loved) are significant for families of ethnic Russians. The majority of respondents stated the necessity of supporting national traditions, to instill national values and traditions in the children. It is established that in the mixed families the most part of respondents of both sexes noted that it is important to keep national traditions and develop national culture, to impart national values and traditions to children, to lead a spiritual life; the system of respondents’ estimates vary between high and above average. The authors have revealed that in ethnic Chechen families they note that it is importance to impart to their children national traditions forming and supporting the feeling of unity at the level of ethnos, community, family, enabling an individual to realize his/her ethnic origin preserving centuries-old value guidelines and attitudes.
К вопросу о стратегиях преодоления психологических барьеров
Authors: Осипова Алла Анатольевна , Прокопенко Максим Владимирович
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the problem of strategies of overcoming psychological barriers. Various typologies of strategies of overcoming psychological barriers are the subject of research. A psychological barrier is a certain intrapersonal obstacle which overcoming leads to qualitative transformation of both the person’s activity and his/her personality (K. D. Ushinskii, S. L. Rubinshtein, B. G. Anan’ev). Emergence of a psychological barrier is treated by a number of authors as a certain critical situation which may have either constructive solutions or various destructions (N. A. Podymov, R. Kh. Shakurov). Domestic and foreign psychological literature demonstrates various approaches to ways of overcoming a crisis situation: metacognitive, cognitive, socio-affective. Strategies of overcoming are studied at two levels: situational and personal. Psychological defense (S. Freud, A. Freud), self-actualization (A. Maslow), formation of life goals (K. Rogers), etc. are considered as strategies of overcoming psychological barriers. Such types of strategies of overcoming psychological barriers as situational, initiative, defense, passive, depressive, affective-aggressive are studied in detail. In spite of the fact that psychological science has a considerable material reflecting various aspects of a problem of choosing various strategies of overcoming psychological barriers, the process of understanding and interpretation of various points of view is still far from finished.
Ассертивное поведение: оценки и свойства
Authors: Шейнов Виктор Павлович
Published: May 2018

This paper analyzes results of foreign researches of assertive behavior concerning its connection with the subject’s appeal, his/her locus of control, self-determination and decision-making.It is established that people with high assertiveness make themselves known in a positive vein in comparison with people with low assertiveness; they estimate the level of their own comfort, the benefit to society and importance of assertive behavior higher. Their evaluation of their own appearance significantly influences assertiveness of individuals: if it is high, it improves assertiveness; if it is low, it lowers it.Women’s perception of assertive behavior may differ from men’s perception of assertive behavior. Women with high assertiveness are estimated as less attractive, in comparison with women with average assertiveness; they obtain the lowest estimates from female examinees. Estimates of women’s assertiveness by men who were potential dating partners were positive contrary to inconveniences which women can experience because of their assertive behavior in business and professional situations. Internals behave more assertively than externals, and this interrelation is highly significant for men.The author confirms the connection between self-determination of learners and assertiveness as a whole and with its components: persistence and greater initiative. Statistically significant correlations between assertiveness and quality of life, self- determination, self-efficiency are revealed.Individuals with high assertiveness cope better with recognition of a situation and orientation in a problem, with finding optimal decisions; they are sure that they can find them better than others. Assertive individuals have shown higher motivationto criticism, than not assertive individuals, and highly assertive persons have stated their abilities to criticism and its usefulness more surely. The author has offered a reliable and valid technique of measuring assertiveness.
Выявление уровня саморегуляции в организации учебно-познавательной деятельности у детей со сложным дефектом
Authors: Подзорова Любовь Вячеславовна
Published: May 2018

In this article, by means of 5 techniques (“Assessment level of aspiration by F. Hoppe”, “Self-esteem level of claims according to the method of Shvartslander”, “Self-test for Congruence”, “Test of simple instructions”, “Self-concept analysis of primary school students using the technique by Dembo–Rubinstein modified by A. M. Prikhojan”) we revealed a number of disfunctions in self-regulation of children with complex defect.The research challenge is to refine principles self-regulation for children with complex defects. Goals self-regulation can be thought of as the standards that regulate an individual’s actions. The research on self-esteem and feedback is re-interpreted to show how these processes can help students take control of their own “self”. Children of 7–11 years took part in this experiment. Historical aspects regarding origin and evolution of the concept of incongruence are also considered in this article. Specific features of personality’s components during the self-concept development process are analyzed. During the tests, it was found out that opposed to children without disabilities, children with complex defects have increased level of anxiety, low self-control as well as low self-regulation, low self-consciousness, incongruence, maladapted self-esteem and etc. During the performance monitoring phase, students continuously assess the meaningfulness of the learning task. Social support from teachers and peers can serve an important role as students with complex defects.The relationships between congruence and the development level and style of conscious of self-regulation were identified. These symptoms are the result of the diagnosis of the children under tests. This study identified gaps feedback to support self-regulation for children with complex defects.
Влияние профессиональной художественной подготовки на особенности формирования функциональных связей коры головного мозга при выполнении образной творческой деятельности
Authors: Дикая Людмила Александровна , Карпова Виктория Викторовна
Published: May 2018

The article gives an analysis of modern ideas about the brain mechanisms of creativity. The authors note the diversity and inconsistency of the results of modern research of brain correlates of human creative activity. Relevance of the study of the dynamics of brain functional organization at different stages of the artistic creative process in humans, depending on the level of training and productivity of imaginative creative activity is proved.The technique and the procedure of empirical research are described. 60 students aged 18–23 took part in the study. For modeling of creative activity the technique of monotype was used. Peculiarities of brain cortex’s functional connections during the imaginative creative activity were investigated by EEG method. Statistical comparative post hoc-analysis was carried out for representatives of four groups of research participants: not artists with low level of productivity (10 people); not artists with medium level of productivity (20); artists with medium level of productivity (12) and artists with a high level of productivity (18 people).On the basis of the comparative analysis it is confidently shown that a high level of professional training of artists is associated with the active formation of intra- and interhemispheric short functional connections of the brain cortex in the high frequency bands (alpha2, beta) that maximizes the efficiency of creative problem solving, as well as contributes to the speed, ease and productivity of image creation.It is concluded that the level of productivity of imaginative creative activity in artists effects the optimal processing of imaginative information. Strong long intrahemispheric functional connections in the low frequency bands (delta band) are revealed in research participants with high levels of productivity
Обзор современных исследований психогенетических факторов агрессивного поведения
Authors: Ковш Екатерина Михайловна , Воробьёва Елена Викторовна , Ермаков Павел Николаевич
Published: May 2018

The review covers urgent domestic and foreign researches of psychogenetic factors of aggressive behavior. The authors consider cytogenetic mechanisms providing mental activity and behavioural activity of the person, offer the concept of the control system of information coding, and specify features of a genotype-environmental interaction in forming aggressive behavior. Classification of forms of aggression is given. Approaches to interpretation of this concept are considered. The theories explaining the nature of aggression (J. Dollard and L. Berkowitz’s frustration theory, A. Bandura’s theory of social learning, K. Lorentz and S. Freud’s theory of instinctual drives, biological theory) are analyzed.The brain mechanisms underlying different forms of aggressive behavior are described.A large number of domestic and foreign studies devoted to the problem of genetic determination of mental processes and behavior is analyzed. The authors bring forward the review of researches of genetic foundations of aggressive behavior. They describe approaches recognized insolvent today (the extra Y-chromosome theory, the “genesign” system, the “generalist genes” concept) and offer conceptions confirmed today: the role of monoamine neuromodulators (the interrelation between various forms of aggressive behavior and neurotransmitter systems of the brain), testosterone is described; the influence of the social-economic status and the environmental factors is considered. The available psychogenetic data is described from the point of view of the additive model of development. On the whole, they note a polygenic nature of the inheritance of aggression (the genes coding information of the olfactory, hormonal, mediator systems are biological factors of aggression).Perspectives of the development of this research area are outlined: the bioinformation analysis of molecular mechanisms of activity of the central nervous system by means of studying the expression of genes in brain cells; the review of the first results obtained by means of this method is offered.
Когнитивно-стилевые факторы защитного поведения больных шизофренией
Authors: Куликова Ольга Сергеевна
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the problem of social adaptation of patients with the initial stage of paranoid schizophrenia; mechanisms of psychological defense directed on decreasing anxiety are considered as important forms of adaptation behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia; certain features of the cognitive sphere are at the basis of psychological defense. The author calls attention to a brief literature review of views of the nature of these cognitive features. On this evidence in the article they experimentally test a thesis that features of the cognitive-style sphere are the basis of choosing and activization of one or another form of psychological defense of patients with paranoid schizophrenia. This aspect of considering interrelation of a cognitive style and psychological defense is not reflected in domestic and foreign sources.The author has examined 80 patients with paranoid schizophrenia (with disease duration no more than a year); all the patients were in medicated remission at the moment of examination. For realization of research objectives the author has used psychodiagnostic techniques directed on studying features of defense behavior and characteristics of the cognitive-style sphere. As a result of the carried out research the author has revealed mechanisms of psychological defense prevailing in the structure of defense behavior of patients with paranoid schizophrenia: intellectualization, displacement, regression, compensation. By results of the carried out research, the basis of defense behavior of patients with the diagnosis “schizophrenia, a paranoid form” is a great differentiation and structuredness of information processing at excessive submission to situational factors and subjective difficulty of overcoming their influence; low accuracy of perceptual scanning with difficulties of distinguishing contextual significant signs in a multiple-choice situation, insufficiency of the preliminary analysis of the perceived information; low level of a categorial control.
Факторы управления человеческими ресурсами в экономическом пространстве России
Authors: Щетинина Дарья Павловна
Published: May 2018

Behavioural economics investigating psychological regularities of behavior of the person predetermining his/her economic decisions is one of the most urgent areas of theoretical and practical interests today.Within the limits of this area, in this article the author makes an attempt to combine psychological and economic approaches to studying the main factors of human resource and human capital management in the economic space of Russia which were united in four groups: situational-environmental, personal, social-economic and political factors and organizational-management factors.Since human resource management is carried out in the economic space of the country, indicators of monitoring human resource and human capital development must be a system of characteristics including characteristics of economic density, characteristics of population distribution and quality and economic activity, characteristics of the intensity of socio-economic relationships and characteristics of the psychological state of the population.The author defines the role of human resources as a driving force in raising people’s standard of living and quality of life, levelling of conditions of social and economic development of the country and regions and substantiates the main role of investment in human capital as a key factor of the innovative development of the Russian economy.
Возраст ребенка как модус детско-родительских отношений
Authors: Кириленко Ирина Николаевна
Published: May 2018

In the article the author analyzes age as a modus of the parent-child relationship. From this point of view the child’s age is considered as a factor of change of the characteristics of the parent-child relationship. It is known that new life conditions start influencing the parent-child relationship when entering into school. Both the occurrence and resolution of crises of the parent-child relationship are connected with their constant change as the child grows, and also with the inevitable separation of the child from parents. Thus, the parent-child relationship gains a certain specificity of development depending on the age of its subjects. The author analyzes classical studies devoted to the problematics of child development and the experience of age crises. At the same time the author pays attention to modern social realities influencing a child’s behavior and vectors of the parent-child relationship which are considered from the point of view ofthe evaluative-emotional component, development of game and social activity of the child. The author draws a significant conclusion that the crisis of preschool development can be rather mild. The parent-child relationship is the factor determining features of the crisis. Psychological support for the child, emotional intimacy, sincere interest in the child’s successes and failures, parents’ care and attention make the experience of crisis as “painless” as possible. This harmonizes the parent-child relationship and positively affects the development of the family as a social institution. Thus, a new approach to optimization of the child’s personal development is required in modern conditions.This is possible if to consider the child’s age as a factor determining the type, nature and specificity of the parent-child relationship.
Семья, социальные установки и асоциальное поведение детей и подростков
Authors: Реан Артур Александрович
Published: May 2018

This article examines problems of the interrelation of social attitudes and anti-social behavior of children and teenagers. The author analyzes the problem of the interrelation of attitudes and social behavior in connection with factors such as strength/weakness, clearness/ambivalence of an attitude, and also the influence of the factor of a situation. Results of empirical studies of value orientations, moral-psychological attitudes of youth in samples of senior pupils and students are considered. A family is considered as a factor which forms both social attitudes and anti-social behavior. The author analyses modern approaches and results of empirical studies of the conditionsunder which social attitudes of personality directly influence anti-social behavior and also when they do not influence. Problems of the influence of the structural and psychological deformation of a family on the anti-social behavior of children and teenagers are discussed. The author emphasizes that when determining anti-social behavior of minors the priority belongs to the psychosocial deformation of a family.The author demonstrates styles of parenting and conditions which directly influence the formation of aggressive behavior. It is noted that insufficient attention to a child is a more important factor of delinquency, than the unfavorable socio-economic status. The author analyzes results of empirical studies from which it follows that notonly negative social learning, but also frustration arising from the lack of parental love are important condition of the development of deviant behavior. It is shown that mother is in the center of the system of relations of children and teenagers. It is established that decrease in a positive attitude towards mother, increase in negative descriptors when describing mother correlates with the general growth of negativizationof all the social relations of the person. The author emphasizes that theparent-child relationship which is characterized by inconsistency, as well as a high conflictness, contribute most significantly to the child’s learning of aggression as a way of interpersonal conflicts resolution.
Ассоциативно-смысловая определенность откликов на словесные стимулы секулярного и религиозного значения
Authors: Акопов Гарник Владимирович , Ихсанова Светлана Геннадьевна , Рулина Татьяна Константиновна
Published: May 2018

This paper deals with the problem of religious consciousness in modern Russia. Religious consciousness is understood as unit of categories reflecting system of religious and ecclesiastical traditions. To study used associative experiment, which allows you to identify the semantic links between the studied categories and based on them to build a semantic field. The study used the classical scheme of the association experiment, based on the presentation of pre-selected words stimuli causing verbal reactions of the subjects. The thematic content of the stimulus series allowed us to obtain verbal responses expressing semantic and emotional attitude of study participants to concepts such as “faith”, “mercy”, “contemplation”, “act” and others. Such stimulation affected the deepest layers of the national consciousness of Russians. The empirical part of the work is two pieces of large-scale study of consciousness, performed at the Faculty of Psychology of the Volga State Academy of Socio-Humanitarian. One shows the associative structure of the religious consciousness of older rural residents with deep religious roots. In another – semantic field of concepts “contemplation”, “act”, “communication”, obtained on a sample of students. Comparative analysis of the results allows coming to consistent conclusions about the mechanisms of change semantic fields. One such mechanism is the hyper-event – a significant fact of reality that affects the awareness of related categories.The article raised the question of interpenetration phenomena of religious consciousness and contemplation. The results obtained, as well as their qualitative and quantitative analysis suggests that the mind of modern man does not bind directly to religious categories and categories of phenomenological contemplation. This fact indicates the nature of the non-religious contemplation and meditation allows usto consider a category as an independent scientific unit.
Угроза жизни как предиктор выбора копинг-стратегий, уровня приверженности лечению и качества жизни у взрослых пациентов с муковисцидозом
Authors: Абросимов Илья Николаевич
Published: May 2018

This work is devoted to studying of psychological aspects of cystic fibrosis, severe chronic genetic disease with a high probability of lethal outcome, consisting in a violation of functioning of all exocrine glands of the body and the development of concomitant obstructive and inflammatory processes. Actuality and novelty of the study caused by the absence at the moment in the Russian literature of datadescribing the psychological aspects of this disease in adulthood. At the same time cystic fibrosis despite the medical advances remains a incurable and one of the most common among of hereditary diseases and its optimal treatment require psychological support and rehabilitation of patients taking into account the their nosologicalfeatures. All sample of adult patients with cystic fibrosis (n = 86) was divided into two subgroups in terms of the severity of the perception of the disease as threats to life and health. Group 1 (n = 46) – patients with cystic fibrosis who perceive their disease as a moderate threat to life and health; group 2 (n = 40) – patients with cystic fibrosis who perceive their illness as an expression of a threat to life and health. In selected subgroups were compared indicators choice of coping strategies,the level of adherence to treatment and quality of life. It was established that in the group patients perceive of cystic fibrosis as a high threat the studied parameters indicate to less adaptation to the disease, than in the group patients perceive of cystic fibrosis as a moderate threat to life and health. Thus, the perception of cysticfibrosis as a threat to life and health is an important factor to be considered in the development of psychological support, implementation of the tasks of socialization and of general therapeutic management of these patients in adulthood.
Психосоматическая характеристика женщин репродуктивного возраста, больных туберкулезом органов дыхания
Authors: Русановская Галина Фёдоровна , Камаев Игорь Александрович , Шпрыков Александр Сергеевич
Published: May 2018

Psychosomatic status assessment was conducted among 175 women of reproductive age. The main group consisted of 93 women aged 18–44 years, patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis who were treated in one of the TB facilities in Nizhny Novgorod region in 2013, and the comparative group consisted of 82 healthy women of the same age. Testing by the method of “НАМ” (health, activity, mood)was conducted to assess the psycho-emotional state, with the purpose of assessment of personality characteristics – testing by the method of “self-identity” (O. I. Motkov) and to assess interpersonal relationships we used testing by Leary method. It is proved that the pulmonary tuberculosis disease in the patients of this category hasa significant negative impact on their emotional state, causing poor health (the lowest evaluated), low activity, bad mood. Weariness growth was observed among the women during their treatment. The total self-identity of the study group of women is average, indicating its adequacy, but the value of the index is borderline with lowself-esteem. Personal characteristics are the presence of women disobedient unbalanced nature of inharmonious with the lack of a sense of proportion in the desires and behavior. Such qualities of human nature as kindness, sincerity, truthfulness,compassion, independence, sociability, optimism, confidence, vitality, creativity (the lowest evaluated) are inherent to them in the least degree. Women’s behavior is adaptive and this indicates the harmony of their personality. The main types of interpersonal relationships of women with TB are, on the one hand, the “friendly”and “altruistic”, on the other hand – “dependent”. Therefore it is necessary to develop arrangements for psychological care of women of reproductive age – patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and new approaches in the prevention of this disease, based on established psychological risk factors for tuberculosis process and its recurrence.
Особенности самоотношения и самоэффективности личности как предикторы ее образов Врага
Authors: Альперович Валерия Дмитриевна
Published: May 2018

Problеm of influence of the personal self-relation on pеrsonal representations about an Othеr is touchеd by us in this article. Resеarch goal was to discovеry the interconnectionsbetween pеrsonal representations about an Enemy and charactеristics of the sеlf-relation and of the self-efficacy. Psychosocial charactеristics of the pеrsonal representations about an Enemy, features of the personal self-relation and levеls of the self-efficacy were the research subject. We appliеd qualitative and quantitative methods (tests, scalеs, frequencies, category analysis, cluster analysis). The rеsults ofthe study provе that: respondents, perceiving the Enеmy as aggressor, manipulator with nеgative qualities, demonstrate the low levеls of the self-efficacy, of the sеlfintеrest, of the self-sympathy, of the self-esteem, of the waiting of the Othеrs’ positive relation; rеspondents, perceiving the Enemy as the subjеct with alien cognitions and values, dеmonstrate the upper levеls of the self-efficacy, of the sеlf-interest, of theself-sympathy, of the self-estеem, of the waiting of the Others’ positive rеlation. Data supportеd the hypothesis about the distinctions of pеrsonal representations about an Enеmy depending upon charactеristics of the sеlf-relation and of the self-efficacy.The results can be applied to the psychosocial consultation, to the programs of the tolerance’ trainings in the antiterrorist activity, to the programs of the conflict solutions’ trainings in different spheres of interaction.
Эмоционально-волевая готовность к полисубъектному взаимодействию бакалавров физической культуры
Authors: Tokareva Ksenia E. , Makeeva Vera S. , Yamaletdinova Galina А.
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Emotional and volitional readiness for polysubject interaction among the participants of health-improving workouts involves multilateral value relations based on the potential, needs, and characteristics of each other. The spontaneity of the process along with high physical loading and emotional intensity of interaction require solving the problems of each client. The article puts forward the idea that conscious regulation of muscle tone and self-regulation techniques ensure the development of a bachelor’s volitional qualities. However, little attention has been devoted to the solution of this problem at the stage of university training of physical education students. This impedes the development of a psychologically stable personality and improvement of professional readiness.
Methods. These were the technique for Assessing External Manifestations of Emotions developed by V. L. Marishchuk; General Communicative Tolerance questionnaire developed by V. V. Boiko; Will Power questionnaire developed by R. S. Nemov.
Result. Both groups were characterized by high and low levels of emotional and volitional readiness at the initial stage of the study. At the end of the experiment, 57 % of respondents in the control group had an average level of emotional and volitional readiness; 43 % of respondents had a high level of emotional and volitional readiness. These proportions were 37 % and 63 % for the experimental group.
Discussion. Age-specific characteristics of self-concept determine emotional stability through a sequential formation of self-esteem. Individual and collective forms of interaction, mutual assistance and support, free choice of individual tasks determine the effectiveness of emotional stability. The techniques of yoga, callanetics, and pilates, which are focused on holding certain static poses, lead to mental stress and activate emotional and volitional efforts.
Проявления интеллектуальной дифференциации в уровне и структуре гражданской идентичности студентов столичного и провинциального вузов
Authors: Akimova Margarita K. , Gorbacheva Elena I. , Persiyantseva Svetlana V.
Published: May 2018

Introduction. This paper presents a comparative analysis of intellectual development and civil identity. Students studying at different socio-cultural environments demonstrate intellectual variability in relation to different levels of civil identity. The study provides new data on the relationship among the level of acceptance, personal traits characterizing social capital, and the structure and level of intelligence in individuals with different socio-cultural conditions.
Methods. The level of intelligence was measured using the Test of Adults’ Mental Development (TAMD), which relied on the concept of a socio-psychological standard (SPS). The Diagnosis of Civil Identity projective technique was employed for studying civil identity. The technique included the following scales: (a) attitude towards the rights of ethnic minorities; (b) attitude towards the rights of sexual minorities; (c) attitude towards liberal values; (d) attitude towards political rights; (e) attitude towards the rights of the underprivileged; (f) attitude towards the rights of disabled persons; (g) attitude towards Russia in terms of patriotism (citizens’ attitude towards the state they live in).
Results. A higher level of intellectual development determined students’ reflexive and critical attitude towards events in the country. Students with a high level of intellectual development (a) appreciated personal responsibility and freedom, (b) had a positive attitude towards the rights of ethnic minorities and legal protection of honor and dignity, and (c) evaluated the world on the basis of information from different sources.
Discussion. In Moscow social medium intelligence contributes to students’ positive attitude towards liberal values and enhances their participation in democratic transformations in Russia. A higher level of intellectual development determines students’ recognition of the rights of national and ethnic minorities in a regional social medium.
Развитие мотивации и смысловой сферы студентов посредством самоактуализации на занятиях по английскому языку
Authors: Zhdanko Anna P.
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Studying students’ meaning sphere and also its development is important for increasing their motivation. This paper presents new data on the relationship between motivation and self-actualization. The study develops and validates a didactic model for increasing students’ motivation and developing their meaning sphere by means of self-actualization during English class.
Methods. The study employed the questionnaire of Motives of Educational Activity by A. A. Rean and V. A. Yakunin; the Personal Self-actualization questionnaire by N. F. Kalina. The analysis of the Pearson correlation coefficient, arithmetic mean, and mean square deviation was conducted for processing of the results. The study involved 78 first- and second-year students (50 boys and 18 girls) from Rostov State Transport University.
Results. The study revealed the coefficients of self-actualization and motivational sphere. The findings confirmed the validity of the developed didactic model for increasing students’ motivation and developing their meaning sphere through self-actualization by means of meaning-making techniques applied during English class. The developed didactic model proved to be an integral system.
Discussion. Performing creative tasks and applying meaning-making techniques during English class, taking into account students’ culture- and age-specific features, help to increase their self-actualization (creativity, autonomy, communication flexibility, etc.). These, in turn, increase the level of motivation.
Conclusion. Students’ motivation and self-actualization have a strong positive correlation (r = 0,98).
Связь способов поведения в конфликте с типами защитного и совладающего поведения юношей и девушек
Authors: Borisova Irina V. , Khadykina Yuliya N.
Published: May 2018

Introduction. The present paper overviews domestic and foreign studies on conflicts, psychological defense mechanisms, and coping strategies. The novelty of the research lies in studying the relationships among the strategies of behavior in conflicts, coping strategies, and psychological defense mechanisms among adolescent boys and girls.
Materials and Methods. These were the Life Style Index questionnaire (R. Plutchik); the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) (R. Lazarus); The Thomas–Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI). The study involved 23 boys and 16 girls, tenth and eleventh grade secondary school students in Lyubokhna, Bryansk region.
Results. The study revealed a statistically significant difference in coping strategies and psychological defense mechanisms in difficult or stressful situations among adolescent boys and girls. The strategy of cooperation in conflict situations had a direct relationship with accepting responsibility and seeking social support in the group of adolescent boys. The strategy of cooperation in conflict situations had an inverse relationship with confrontational coping and self-controlling in the group of adolescent girls.
Discussion. Adolescent boys and girls differ in how their strategies of behavior in conflicts are associated with coping strategies and defense mechanisms. The findings are useful for providing psychological assistance to adolescent boys and girls.
Взаимосвязь профессионально важных качеств и успешности профессиональной деятельности у специалистов Государственной инспекции по маломерным судам МЧС России
Authors: Shoigu Julia S. , Tarasova Anastasia А.
Published: May 2018

Introduction. This paper continues a previous study on professionally important qualities of inspectors in the State Small Vessels Inspectorate (SSVI) of EMERCOM of Russia. Professionally important qualities contribute to professional achievement among inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia. This is a prerequisite for a unitary methodological approach to the selection of a candidate for a position of an inspector in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia. The aim of the study is to determine the relationships among professionally important qualities of inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia and professional achievement among the surveyed specialists.

Methods. An expert survey and statistical treatment of data helped to measure professional achievement. The survey revealed assessments of professional achievement for each participant. An integral expert assessment was an external criterion for professional achievement among inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia.

Results. The results indicated that professionally important qualities of inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia determined their professional achievement. At the same time the whole complex of professionally important qualities promoted more effective performance of professional activities.

Discussion. The previously revealed professionally important qualities can predict professional achievement among inspectors in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia. The findings can be readily used in professional psychological selection for the position of an inspector in the SSVI of EMERCOM of Russia in order to reduce negative psychological consequences, psychosomatic and other diseases associated with professional activities.
Тенденции и варианты этнической социализации подростков
Authors: Dagbaeva Soelma B.
Published: May 2018

Introduction. Adolescents’ ethnic socialization is a topical issue in modern socio-cultural conditions. Ethnic socialization determines the type of ethnic identity, value orientations and tolerance. The present study deals with characteristics of adolescents’ ethnic socialization and reveals its types. The paper presents an innovative view of ethnic socialization types, which may be grouped as follows: (a) successful type, (b) incomplete type and (c) ethnic desocialization.
Methods. The study employed the following techniques (a) the Tolerance Index express questionnaire by G. U. Soldatova et al.; (b) Bogardus Social Distance Scale; (c) Types of Ethnic Identity technique by G. U. Soldatova and S. V. Ryzhova; (d) Relationships Diagnostic Test by G. U. Soldatova; (e) The Portrait Values Questionnaire by Schwartz et al. The Mann–Whitney U test was a method for mathematical and statistical data processing. The study involved 250 school students from Chita at the age from 12 to 14 years.
Results. The study revealed the following tendencies and risks in the adolescents’ ethnic socialization: (a) negative ethnic stereotypes; (b) decrease in tolerance and universalism values; (c) ethnic selectivity; and (d) blurring ethnic identity.
Discussion. The findings suggest that depending on the type of ethnic socialization, which includes the type of ethnic identity, tolerance level, characteristics of social distance, value orientations, and ethnic stereotypes, adolescents fall into one of three groups.