bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stress Concentration Analysis of the Corroded Steel Plate Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Plates
Authors: Li Anbang , Wang Hao , Li Han , Kong Deliang , Xu Shanhua
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the stress concentration of a corroded steel plate strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) plates. An accelerated corrosion experiment was first executed to acquire corroded steel plates, and then surface profile measurements were conducted to obtain 3D coordinate data of the corroded steel surface. Finite element models considering the surface morphology of the corroded steel plate and the interfacial bonding properties between the CFRP plate and the corroded steel plate were established to investigate the stress concentration of the corroded steel plate strengthened with and without CFRP plates. The reliability of the numerical modeling method was verified based on a mesh convergence analysis and a comparison of the fatigue test, 3D morphology scanning, and numerical analysis results. Specimens with five levels of corrosion damage, six kinds of CFRP-strengthening stiffness, five kinds of adhesive thickness, and five levels of CFRP prestress were numerically modeled. The primary indications consist of features of stress distribution, and the stress concentration factors Kt and Ktg were analyzed. Results showed that the features of stress distribution and the stress concentration factor Kt of the corroded steel plate strengthened with and without CFRP plates are only related to the shape, size, and position of rust pits, but not to the degree of uniform corrosion or the reinforcement parameters. The value of Kt for the corroded steel plate with a corrosion duration of 6~18 months and a weight loss rate of 9.16~21.78% was approximately 1.199~1.345. The converted stress concentration factor Ktg has more practical significance than the stress concentration factor Kt in describing the influence of corrosion and CFRP reinforcement on the peak tensile stress of the corroded steel plate. The value of Ktg increased linearly with the increase of the weight loss rate of the corroded steel plate and decreased appreciably with the increase of the strengthening stiffness and prestress level of the CFRP plates, and it presented a very small increasing trend with the increase of the adhesive thickness.
Histological Evaluation of Cassava Starch/Chicken Gelatin Membranes
Authors: Valencia-Llano Carlos Humberto , Castro Jorge Iván , Saavedra Marcela , Zapata Paula A. , Navia-Porras Diana Paola , Flórez-López Edwin , Caicedo Carolina , Calambas Heidy Lorena , Grande-Tovar Carlos David
Published: September 2022

The use of biopolymers for tissue engineering has recently gained attention due to the need for safer and highly compatible materials. Starch is one of the most used biopolymers for membrane preparation. However, incorporating other polymers into starch membranes introduces improvements, such as better thermal and mechanical resistance and increased water affinity, as we reported in our previous work. There are few reports in the literature on the biocompatibility of starch/chicken gelatin composites. We assessed the in vivo biocompatibility of the five composites (T1–T5) cassava starch/gelatin membranes with subdermal implantations in biomodels at 30, 60, and 90 days. The FT-IR spectroscopy analysis demonstrated the main functional groups for starch and chicken gelatin. At the same time, the thermal study exhibited an increase in thermal resistance for T3 and T4, with a remaining mass (~15 wt.%) at 800 °C. The microstructure analysis for the T2–T4 demonstrated evident roughness changes with porosity presence due to starch and gelatin mixture. The decrease in the starch content in the composites also decreased the gelatinization heats for T3 and T4 (195.67, 196.40 J/g, respectively). Finally, the implantation results demonstrated that the formulations exhibited differences in the degradation and resorption capacities according to the starch content, which is easily degraded by amylases. However, the histological results showed that the samples demonstrated almost complete reabsorption without a severe immune response, indicating a high in vivo biocompatibility. These results show that the cassava starch/chicken gelatin composites are promising membrane materials for tissue engineering applications.
Study of Gases and Thermal Behavior of Oxidized Coal during Spontaneous Combustion Process
Authors: Tang Yan , Chen Wei-Chun , Zhou Hai-Lin , Zhao Jing-Yu , Shu Chi-Min , Huang An-Chi
Published: September 2022

Coal spontaneous combustion is one of the most severe and constant hazards in the coal industry. Understanding the mechanisms is the basis for effective hazard control in the coal-producing process. This paper investigated two types of oxidized coal samples from the re-mining faces of an underground coal mine. Proximate analysis, elemental analysis, surface analysis, temperature-programmed experiments, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis were conducted to study the spontaneous combustion characteristics. Various reaction mechanism functions were adopted to calculate the kinetic parameters, and multiple linear regression was performed to simulate the reaction behavior. The results show that the thermal decomposition of the oxidized coal followed a two-stage reaction model. The first stage reaction occupied smaller apparent activation energy and promoted the second stage reaction, dominating the heat production. Therefore, significant prevention measures for coal spontaneous combustion should be conducted and emphasized appropriately in the first stage to break the continuous reaction. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for predicting and preventing spontaneous combustion of oxidated coal.
Distributed Robust Dictionary Pair Learning and Its Application to Aluminum Electrolysis Industrial Process
Authors: Wang Jingkun , Chen Xiaofang , Deng Ziqing , Zhang Hongliang , Zeng Jing
Published: September 2022

In modern industrial systems, high-dimensional process data provide rich information for process monitoring. To make full use of local information of industrial process, a distributed robust dictionary pair learning (DRDPL) is proposed for refined process monitoring. Firstly, the global system is divided into several sub-blocks based on the reliable prior knowledge of industrial processes, which achieves dimensionality reduction and reduces process complexity. Secondly, a robust dictionary pair learning (RDPL) method is developed to build a local monitoring model for each sub-block. The sparse constraint with l2,1 norm is added to the analytical dictionary, and a low rank constraint is applied to the synthetical dictionary, so as to obtain robust dictionary pairs. Then, Bayesian inference method is introduced to fuse local monitoring information to global anomaly detection, and the block contribution index and variable contribution index are used to realize anomaly isolation. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a numerical simulation experiment and Tennessee Eastman benchmark tests, and the proposed method is then successfully applied to a real-world aluminum electrolysis process.
Sustainability Assessment of the Utilization of CO2 in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor Powered by Photovoltaic Energy
Authors: Pou Josep O. , Estopañán Eduard , Fernandez-Garcia Javier , Gonzalez-Olmos Rafael
Published: September 2022

The direct activation of diluted CO2 in argon was studied in a co-axial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor powered by photovoltaic energy. The influence of the initial CO2 and argon concentration on the CO2 decomposition to form CO was investigated using a copper-based catalyst in the discharge zone. It was observed that the CO2 conversion was higher at lower CO2 concentrations. The presence of the diluent gas (argon) was also studied and it was observed how it has a high influence on the decomposition of CO2, improving the conversion at high argon concentrations. At the highest observed energy efficiency (1.7%), the CO2 conversion obtained was 40.2%. It was observed that a way to enhance the sustainability of the process was to use photovoltaic energy. Taking into account a life cycle assessment approach (LCA), it was estimated that within the best-case scenario, it would be feasible to counterbalance 97% of the CO2 emissions related to the process.
Hoshin Kanri Process: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis on the Connection of Theory and Practice
Authors: Pavlíčková Marcela , Mojžišová Andrea , Pócsová Jana
Published: September 2022

The review assesses the Hoshin Kanri process from the point of view of theory and practice implementations in different organizations. There are several adaptations of Hoshin Kanri and a wide range of tools used in each organization. This review aims to determine which and how companies have implemented the afore-mentioned methodology into their strategic management. The PRISMA statement was the framework for the present research. The structure for this study was obtained through a review of articles from two of the most important databases (Scopus and Web of Science). The review focuses on three parts: the theoretical basis of the methodology, a bibliometric overview of the selected articles, and practical insight into the implementation of Hoshin Kanri within the case-study organizations. Since the study’s purpose is to determine not only the companies where Hoshin Kanri was implemented but also the reasons and results of those implementations, therefore, 26 journal articles covering detailed implementations were selected.
Comparison of Experimental Results from Operating a Novel Fluidized Bed Classifier with CFD Simulations Applying Different Drag Models and Model Validation
Authors: Jayarathna Chameera K. , Balfe Michael , Moldestad Britt E. , Tokheim Lars-Andre
Published: September 2022

A cold-flow lab-scale cross-flow fluidized bed classifier was simulated using the CFD software Barracuda VR®. The purpose of the study was to identify the most suitable drag model and make the model adjustments that provide the best representation of the flow situation in the classifier when comparing the results with the experimental data. Two particle types were used in the simulations and in the experiments: zirconia (median diameter 69 µm, skeletal density 3830 kg/m3) and steel (290 µm, 7790 kg/m3). Ten different cases, with different solids loading values, were investigated: three with pure zirconia particles, three with pure steel particles, and four with a mixture of zirconia (28%) and steel (72%). Several different drag models were tried out in the simulations. However, none of the available models were able to predict the classification efficiency observed in experiments with their default settings. Although most of the drag models correctly predicted the inversely proportional behavior of the classification efficiency vs. solids loading, the classification efficiency was overpredicted. It was observed that a combined WenYu/Ergun drag model gave a wide range of accuracy, by being able to capture the behavior of both dense and dilute particle systems. Even though the predictions of the classification efficiency for steel particles were acceptable, a larger deviation was observed with Geldart A zirconia particles. CFD simulations with the WenYu and Ergun combined drag model were used for further validation against the experimental observations. In this case, previously published experimental data for fluidization of pure Zirconia particles were used. The fluidization of zirconia was modelled in Barracuda VR® with adjustment of the combined WenYu/Ergun drag model parameter (k1), to obtain a suitable validation. Furthermore, the effect of adding the blended acceleration model (BAM) for the fluidization simulations is discussed. It was observed that the fixed bed pressure drop was very accurate compared to the experimental observation, but the pressure drop after the fluidization was slightly overpredicted.
Hygiene and Food Safety Habits among Slovenian Mountaineers
Authors: Slabe Damjan , Šparovec Eva Dolenc , Jevšnik Mojca
Published: September 2022

The study provides a deeper insight into Slovenian mountaineers’ and excursionists’ habits regarding food safety knowledge, food handling practices, and hygiene on expeditions. The objective of the study is to identify gaps in food safety knowledge and food handling practice at home and during mountaineers’ activities. Data were collected using an anonymous online questionnaire (n = 330) and eight semi-structured interviews. The research participants take most of their food with them when they set off, mountaineers more often than excursionists (p < 0.05, p = 0,000). Few interviewees indicated that it is important to them that food is safe while consuming it. Almost 90% of mountaineers and excursionists believe they can identify food safety by smell and taste. Significantly more mountaineers prioritise food enjoyment over hygiene compared to excursionists (p < 0.05, p = 0.001). Mountaineers also feel that they are more resistant to foodborne diseases and are much less concerned about foodborne disease than excursionists (p < 0.05, p = 0.011). The respondents highlighted the need for the Alpine Association of Slovenia to organise food safety education for its members. The greatest emphasis has to be put on food safety education material that has to be put in general training programme for mountaineers. Informing mountaineers and excursionists about food safety requirements needs to be improved with target strategy.
Sanctuary Yoga
Authors: King Leslie Ann
Published: September 2022

Christian congregations find themselves caught in a polarized cultural environment which can lead to simplified theological and spiritual constructs. Moreover, congregants are facing spiritual challenges that come from entrenched differences. The Pantañjali yogic system offers an opportunity for Reformed Christian communities to develop yoga practices that integrate breath, movement, and appropriate Biblical texts. Three practice plans are offered. The honorable appropriation of yoga by a Christian community promises not only an integrative method but also a spacious experience for the practitioner who may, in turn, participate further and influence their community of faith towards such relevant spaciousness.
Mediated Representation of Sharia in Aceh: A Hybrid Approach to Media Frames
Authors: Nurrahmi Febri
Published: September 2022

Aceh is the only province in Indonesia with an exceptional degree of autonomy to implement Sharia. This paper explores how Serambi Indonesia—the leading Acehnese local newspaper—framed the implementation of Sharia in the region. This study employed content analysis of the Sharia coverage in Aceh from 2012 to 2020 using a hybrid approach, combining issue-specific and generic frames. The results revealed the four identified frames: Sharia codification, deviance from Sharia, desirable Sharia enforcement, and Islamic morality. among those frames, the deviance from Sharia was much preferred. The frame prominence was more prevalent after Qanun Jinayat (Islamic Criminal Bylaw) took into effect in Aceh. It was also given more prominence on the front page than on other pages. However, other frames made up 60% of the articles, implying that the Acehnese local newspaper positively represented the implementation of Sharia in Aceh while highlighting Sharia problems surrounding its enforcement. These findings exemplify the use of a hybrid approach to better examine the media frames, support the effect of critical events on changes in the media frames, and confirm the different prominence of the frame based on the page placement.
Between Religion and Psychotherapy: Responses to Violence in a Secular Age
Authors: Barnat Damian
Published: September 2022

The aim of my article is to present and critique two different approaches to the problem of violence. On the one hand, I will discuss the religious standpoint present in the deliberations of the Canadian philosopher Charles Taylor. On the other hand, I will examine the secular concept of ethically-oriented psychoanalysis by the American psychiatrist, Robert Drozek. Both thinkers, as I will show, take an exclusivist position towards the question of the moral transformation of human beings. According to Taylor, only a religious perspective, based on the recognition of a transcendent good, is capable of liberating man from the drive towards violence. In his opinion, the secular approach represented by various forms of psychotherapy is insufficient in this respect, because it eschews moral–spiritual language. Drozek, on the other hand, believes that it is psychoanalysis and not religion that can be healing for us. In this paper I will argue for an inclusive position, according to which both religion and ethically-oriented psychoanalysis have transformative potential. I will try to show that the exclusivism of Taylor and Drozek is not tenable, and that the religious and secular perspectives they represent need not be seen as being in opposition to each other.
Research on the Removal of Levamisole Residues in Bovine, Ovine, Caprine, Porcine and Poultry Tissues
Authors: Ciucă Viviana Carmen , Rusănescu Carmen Otilia , Safta Victor Viorel
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we set the waiting time for the elimination of levamisole residues at a safe level from tissues (muscles and organs) from animals treated with levamisole 10%—oral solution. We studied the depletion of levamisole residues by high performance liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometer (limit of quantification 2 μg/kg) in the tissues of bovine, ovine, caprine, porcine and poultry (chickens and pigeons) after administration of levamisole (10 mg levamisole/kg body weight for cattle, sheep, goats, pigs and 20 mg levamisole/kg body weight for birds). We found that in cattle, sheep and goats at 7 days after treatment, the residues of levamisole in the liver and at 14 days and in the other tissues were below the established limit value. In pigs at 7 days, residues from all tissues were below the set limit value. Residue depletion in chickens treated with levamisole was rapid, such that 3 days after treatment, the residues in all tissues were below the set limit. Residue depletion was slower in turkeys than in chickens.
Selective Nerve Root Block in Treatment of Lumbar Radiculopathy: A Narrative Review
Authors: Yang Jacqueline Chu Ruo , Chiu Shi Ting , Oh Jacob Yoong-Leong , Kaliya-Perumal Arun-Kumar
Published: September 2022

Selective Nerve Root Block (SNRB) is a precise local injection technique that can be utilised to target a particular inflamed nerve root causing lumbar radiculopathy for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Usually, for SNRB to be therapeutic, a combination of a local anaesthetic agent and a steroid is injected under imaging guidance, whereas for diagnostic purposes, just the local anaesthetic agent is injected. While the ideal treatment strategy is to relieve the nerve root from its compressing pathology, local injection of steroids targeted at the affected nerve root can also be attempted to reduce inflammation and thus achieve pain relief. Although the general principle for administering an SNRB remains largely the same across the field, there are differences in techniques depending on the region and level of the spine that is targeted. Moreover, drug combinations utilised by clinicians vary based on preference. The proven benefits of SNRBs largely outweigh their risks, and the procedure is deemed safe and well tolerated in a majority of patients. In this narrative, we explore the existing literature and seek to provide a comprehensive understanding of SNRB as a treatment for lumbar radiculopathy, its indications, techniques, outcomes, and complications.
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Oviposition on the Coast of Paraná, Brazil, a Recent Area of Dengue Virus Transmission
Authors: de Souza Silvia Jaqueline Pereira , de Camargo Guaraldo André , Honório Nildimar Alves , Câmara Daniel Cardoso Portela , Sukow Natali Mary , Machado Sarita Terezinha , Duarte dos Santos Claudia Nunes , da Costa-Ribeiro Magda Clara Vieira
Published: September 2022

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are considered the most important vectors of arboviruses in the world. Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue, urban yellow fever, chikungunya and zika in Brazil, and Ae. albopictus is considered a potential vector. Distribution patterns and the influence of climatic variables on the oviposition of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were evaluated in Morretes, a tourist city in the coastal area of Paraná State, Brazil, which has recently been experiencing cases of dengue fever. Eggs were collected using ovitraps over a period of one year (September 2017 to September 2018) and reared from hatching until the emergence of the adults. Both Aedes species were found in anthropized areas with a high human density index. Findings suggest that the monthly average temperature (LRT = 16.65, p = 0.001) had significant positive influences on the oviposition of the Aedes species. Considering the wide distribution of DENV around the Paraná coast and the presence of Ae. albopictus alongside Ae. aegypti, studies on natural arbovirus infection patterns and seasonality are recommended in the region.
Impact of COVID-19 on Tuberculosis Indicators in Brazil: A Time Series and Spatial Analysis Study
Authors: Berra Thaís Zamboni , Ramos Antônio Carlos Vieira , Alves Yan Mathias , Tavares Reginaldo Bazon Vaz , Tartaro Ariela Fehr , Nascimento Murilo César do , Moura Heriederson Sávio Dias , Delpino Felipe Mendes , de Almeida Soares Débora , Silva Ruan Víctor dos Santos , Gomes Dulce , Monroe Aline Aparecida , Arcêncio Ricardo Alexandre
Published: September 2022

Background: We aimed to visualize and classify the time series of COVID-19, tuberculosis (TB) notification, and TB outcomes (cure, treatment abandonment, and death), verify the impact of the new coronavirus pandemic on these indices in Brazil, and verify the presence of spatial autocorrelation between COVID-19 and TB. Methods: This was an ecological time series study that considered TB and COVID-19 cases. Seasonal Trend Decomposition using Loess (STL) was used to trace the temporal trend, Prais–Winsten was used to classify the temporal trend, Interrupted Time Series (ITS) was used to verify the impact of COVID-19 on TB rates, and the Bivariate Moran Index (Global and Local) was used to verify the spatial autocorrelation of events. Results: Brazil and its macro-regions showed an increasing temporal trend for the notification of TB in the pre-pandemic period. Only the Northeast Region showed a decreasing temporal trend for cured cases. For treatment abandonment, all regions except for the Northeast showed an increasing temporal trend, and regarding death, Brazil and the Northeast Region showed an increasing temporal trend. With the ITS, COVID-19 caused a decline in TB notification rates and TB outcome rates. With the global spatial analysis, it was possible to identify the existence of spatial autocorrelation between the notification rate of COVID-19 and the TB notification rate and deaths. With the local analysis, it was possible to map the Brazilian municipalities and classify them according to the relationship between the rates of both diseases and space. Conclusions: COVID-19 influenced the follow-up of and adherence to TB treatment and intensified social vulnerability and, consequently, affected the notification of TB since the relationship between the disease and social determinants of health is already known. The restoration and strengthening of essential services for the prevention and detection of cases and treatment of TB in endemic environments such as Brazil have been oriented as a priority in the global health agenda.
Latitudinal Differences in Spread F Characteristics at Asian Longitude Sector during the Descending Phase of the 24th Solar Cycle
Authors: Lan Ting , Jiang Chunhua , Yang Guobin , Sun Fei , Xu Zhenyun , Liu Zhong
Published: September 2022

By using ionosonde data recorded at Chiang Mai (18.8° N, 98.9° E, magnetic latitude is 9.1° N), Puer (22.7° N, 101.1° E, magnetic latitude is 12.9° N), and Leshan (29.6° N, 103.7° E, magnetic latitude is 19.8° N), the statistical features of different types of spread F (SF) occurrence at low and middle latitudes were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the SF occurrence had obvious local time, latitude, and SF-type variations. The range spread F (RSF) occurrence in equinox months decreased with the increase in latitude, while the frequency spread F’s (FSF) occurrence rate in the summer months increased and the onset time of FSF became earlier when the latitude increased. The generation of SF depends on the SF type. A plasma bubble excited by the generalized Rayleigh–Taylor instability (GRT) at the equator is more likely to produce RSF, while nighttime medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) induced by Perkins instability at middle latitudes is the main reason for the generation of FSF.
Schoolteachers and Vaccinations: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Campania Region
Authors: Pelullo Concetta Paola , Corea Francesco , Della Polla Giorgia , Napolitano Francesco , Di Giuseppe Gabriella
Published: September 2022

Background: This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding vaccinations among schoolteachers in Italy. Methods: Data were collected through an online questionnaire from September 2020 to May 2021 from a sample of schoolteachers in the Campania region of southern Italy. Results: Only 27% of the participants had good knowledge about the vaccinations recommended for schoolteachers. Females who had children, who were unsatisfied by their health status, and not needing additional information about vaccinations were more likely to have good knowledge. Moreover, 61.5% perceived that vaccinations are useful in preventing infectious diseases, and 44.5% agreed or strongly agreed that vaccinations should be mandatory for schoolteachers. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that schoolteachers who perceived that vaccinations are useful in preventing infectious diseases, who considered the recommended vaccinations to be useful to protecting their own and their students’ health, who believed that information received about vaccination was useful, and who needed additional information about vaccinations recommended for schoolteachers, were significantly more likely to agree or strongly agree that vaccinations should be mandatory for schoolteachers. Conclusions: These findings suggest the need for education strategies to ensure that schoolteachers are better informed about vaccinations recommended for their profession.
Immunologic and Protective Properties of Subunit- vs. Whole Toxoid-Derived Anti-Botulinum Equine Antitoxin
Authors: Ben David Alon , Barnea Ada , Torgeman Amram , Diamant Eran , Dor Eyal , Schwartz Arieh , Rosen Osnat , Caspi Noa , Saraf Miki , Lerer Elad , Adar Yaakov , Lupo Edith , Toister Einat , Zichel Ran
Published: September 2022

Botulism is a paralytic disease caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). Equine antitoxin is currently the standard therapy for botulism in human. The preparation of equine antitoxin relies on the immunization of horses with botulinum toxoid, which suffers from low yield and safety limitations. The Hc fragment of BoNTs was suggested to be a potent antibotulinum subunit vaccine. The current study presents a comparative evaluation of equine-based toxoid-derived antitoxin (TDA) and subunit-derived antitoxin (SDA). The potency of recombinant Hc/A, Hc/B, and Hc/E in mice was similar to that of toxoids of the corresponding serotypes. A single boost with Hc/E administered to a toxoid E-hyperimmune horse increased the neutralizing antibody concentration (NAC) from 250 to 850 IU/mL. Immunization of naïve horses with the recombinant subunits induced a NAC comparable to that of horses immunized with the toxoid. SDA and TDA bound common epitopes on BoNTs, as demonstrated by an in vitro competition binding assay. In vivo, SDA and TDA showed similar efficacy when administered to guinea pigs postexposure to a lethal dose of botulinum toxins. Collectively, the results of the current study suggest that recombinant BoNT subunits may replace botulinum toxoids as efficient and safe antigens for the preparation of pharmaceutical anti-botulinum equine antitoxins.
Mouse Models for Unravelling Immunology of Blood Stage Malaria
Authors: Olatunde Adesola C. , Cornwall Douglas H. , Roedel Marshall , Lamb Tracey J.
Published: September 2022

Malaria comprises a spectrum of disease syndromes and the immune system is a major participant in malarial disease. This is particularly true in relation to the immune responses elicited against blood stages of Plasmodium-parasites that are responsible for the pathogenesis of infection. Mouse models of malaria are commonly used to dissect the immune mechanisms underlying disease. While no single mouse model of Plasmodium infection completely recapitulates all the features of malaria in humans, collectively the existing models are invaluable for defining the events that lead to the immunopathogenesis of malaria. Here we review the different mouse models of Plasmodium infection that are available, and highlight some of the main contributions these models have made with regards to identifying immune mechanisms of parasite control and the immunopathogenesis of malaria.
Determining the Health Problems Experienced by Young Adults in Turkey, Who Received the COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Akarsu Gökhan Doğukan
Published: September 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the health problems experienced by young adults after the COVID-19 vaccine. Method: This study is a quantitative and descriptive study and was completed with 590 undergraduate students studying at a state university in Central Anatolia in the spring semester of the 2021–2022 academic year. The data were collected by the researcher through a one-to-one interview with the students and a questionnaire prepared in line with the literature. Number, percentage and chi-square tests were used in the analysis of the data. Results: A total of 81.4% of the students participating in the study had the BioNTech–Pfizer vaccine. A total of 67.3% of them had two doses of COVID-19 vaccine, 35.9% of the vaccinated students experienced some health problems in the days following the vaccination, and the most common health problems were fatigue, a cough, sleep disturbance, psychological discomfort, a heart ache feeling and sweating. Most of the post-vaccine health problems lasted for 2 days, 3.7% of the participants were diagnosed with hypertension, 2.7% were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and 10.52% of the female participants went to the doctor due to menstrual irregularity and received treatment. It was determined that 12.2% of the vaccinated students gained weight after vaccination and 63.89% of those who gained weight attributed this to increased appetite, 9.2% continued to have a cough and 9.2% used herbal products. Conclusion: It was determined that one out of every three young adults experienced a health problem after the COVID-19 vaccine. It is recommended that studies be conducted in different sample groups.
FLU-v, a Broad-Spectrum Influenza Vaccine, Induces Cross-Reactive Cellular Immune Responses in Humans Measured by Dual IFN-γ and Granzyme B ELISpot Assay
Authors: Oftung Fredrik , Næss Lisbeth M. , Laake Ida , Stoloff Gregory , Pleguezuelos Olga
Published: September 2022

Previous reports demonstrated that FLU-v, a peptide-based broad-spectrum influenza vaccine candidate, induced antibody and cellular immune responses in humans. Here, we evaluate cellular effector functions and cross-reactivity. PBMC sampled pre- (day 0) and post-vaccination (days 42 and 180) from vaccine (n = 58) and placebo (n = 27) recipients were tested in vitro for responses to FLU-v and inactivated influenza strains (A/H3N2, A/H1N1, A/H5N1, A/H7N9, B/Yamagata) using IFN-γ and granzyme B ELISpot. FLU-v induced a significant increase in the number of IFN-γ- and granzyme-B-secreting cells responding to the vaccine antigens from pre-vaccination (medians: 5 SFU/106 cells for both markers) to day 42 (125 and 40 SFU/106 cells, p < 0.0001 for both) and day 180 (75 and 20 SFU/106 cells, p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0047). The fold increase from pre-vaccination to day 42 for IFN-γ-, granzyme-B-, and double-positive-secreting cells responding to FLU-v was significantly elevated compared to placebo (medians: 16.3-fold vs. 1.0-fold, p < 0.0001; 3.5-fold vs. 1.0-fold, p < 0.0001; 3.0-fold vs. 1.0-fold, p = 0.0012, respectively). Stimulation of PBMC with inactivated influenza strains showed significantly higher fold increases from pre-vaccination to day 42 in the vaccine group compared to placebo for IFN-γ-secreting cells reacting to H1N1 (medians: 2.3-fold vs. 0.8-fold, p = 0.0083), H3N2 (1.7-fold vs. 0.8-fold, p = 0.0178), and H5N1 (1.7-fold vs. 1.0-fold, p = 0.0441); for granzyme B secreting cells reacting to H1N1 (3.5-fold vs. 1.0-fold, p = 0.0075); and for double positive cells reacting to H1N1 (2.9-fold vs. 1.0-fold, p = 0.0219), H3N2 (1.7-fold vs. 0.9-fold, p = 0.0136), and the B strain (2.0-fold vs. 0.8-fold, p = 0.0227). The correlation observed between number of cells secreting IFN-γ or granzyme B in response to FLU-v and to the influenza strains supported vaccine-induced cross-reactivity. In conclusion, adjuvanted FLU-v vaccination induced cross-reactive cellular responses with cytotoxic capacity, further supporting the development of FLU-v as a broad-spectrum influenza vaccine.
People with type 2 diabetes’ experiences of emotional support in Australian general practice: a qualitative study
Authors: McMorrow Rita , Hunter Barbara , Hempler Nana Folmann , Somasundaram Kaleswari , Emery Jon , Manski-Nankervis Jo-Anne
Published: September 2022

Background

Diabetes distress, experienced by up to 40% of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), is the negative emotional response to the burden of living with and managing diabetes. It is associated with suboptimal glycaemia and diabetes self-management. Research indicates that people with diabetes do not recall being asked about emotional distress by healthcare professionals.

Aim

To explore the experiences, needs, and expectations of people with T2D regarding emotional support received in Australian general practice.

Design & setting

Exploratory qualitative study in Victoria, Australia.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were undertaken to explore emotional health and support received in general practice in 12 adults with T2D who primarily attend general practice. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using the framework approach.

Results

The following three major themes were identified: (1) Beneath the surface of diabetes care; (2) Importance of GP–patient relationship; and (3) Communication counts. Participants experienced diabetes care as focused primarily on medical management rather than the emotional aspects of living with T2D. While people’s experiences of diabetes care in general practice primarily focused on physical health, the GP care beyond the presenting complaint has an essential role in identifying emotional issues and enabling support. Emotional issues were more likely to be discussed and acknowledged by the GP where there was a long-standing relationship between GP and patient.

Conclusion

Pre-existing positive GP–patient relationships and supportive communication enable people with 2TD to raise emotional issues as part of diabetes care.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG KONSUMSI TABLET FE DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA
Authors: Siringo ringo Erlina Esther
Published: September 2022

Iron in pregnant women is a health problem experienced by women around the world. WHO also reports that the prevalence of pregnant women who experience iron deficiency is around 35-75% and increases with increasing gestational age 2021. The aims of the study is to know the relationship of knowledge level of pregnant women about fe tablet consumption with anemia events. This type of researchis quantitative with a descriptive correlation design, which uses a cross sectional study approach. The place of this research was carried out in Pulau Simardan Village, Tanjungbalai City in 2021, the data collection tool used was a questionnaire. The population in this study amounted to 40 people so that the entire population was used as a sample. The results of this study indicate that the majority of pregnant women's level of knowledge about the consumption of Fe tablets is in the sufficient category, as many as 22 people (55%). The majority of pregnant women did not experience anemia, as many as 22 people (55%). There is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge about the consumption of Fe tablets with the incidence of anemia in Pulau Simardan Village, Tanjungbalai City in 2021, the results of the Chi-Square test obtained p value = 0.000 (p <0.05). It is hoped that the puskesmas will naturally increase the outreach activities about the benefits of Fe tablets and the dangers of anemia in pregnancy so as to increase the knowledge of pregnant women. Pregnant women in Pulau Simardan Village are expected to maintain food intake and consumption of Fe tablets during pregnancy so as to reduce the risk of anemia during pregnancy
THE POTENTIAL LABOR FORCE OF MODERN RUSSIA: THE SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND LEVEL OF EDUCATION
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IE RAS), Russia, Moscow, Baskakova M.E.
Published: September 2022

The study aims to determine the scale and socio-demographic characteristics of the potential labor force in the Russian labor market. The object of the study is the unemployed persons who want to get a paid job, but due to circumstances are limited in their search or desire to start it. The paper is based on new approaches to the study of economic inactivity of the population, enshrined in the “Resolution on Statistics of labor activity, Employment and Labor Underutilization” (ILO, 2013). For the analysis of statistical data, the author applies the methods of logical analysis and mathematical statistics. The results of the study showed that the size of the potential labor force in Russia is comparable to the scale of general unemployment. In the course of the research, the main sociodemographic characteristics of this population group were identified, indicating a high level of its human potential and, accordingly, the feasibility of developing measures to involve this category of the population in economic activity, since its representatives are balanced across all working ages, have a relatively high level of professional education (more than half graduated from an academic institution), low gender and inter-settlement asymmetry. The empirical basis of the study was the data of the Sample Labor Force Survey (LFS) conducted by Rosstat in 2010-2021. The author concludes that Federal executive authorities can use the research materials in developing state employment policy and academic institutions to prepare students and postgraduates in the “Labor Economics” specialty.
DEMAND FOR WORKFORCE AND PROFESSIONS IN 2021-2022: JOB ANALYSIS RESULTS
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia, Voloshina I.A. , Dzhuma V.I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia, Mukhina I.I. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study is to assess the dynamics of labor demand by professional groups in 2021 and January-May 2022, to determine the most in-demand professions in the current conditions of economic uncertainty and instability, the risk of mass layoffs and rising unemployment, the transformation of the labor market and the professional and qualification composition of the workforce and tightening requirements of employers to job seekers. The methodological basis of the study is an analytical system for monitoring the demand for professions conducted by the Federal State Budgetary Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of Labor” of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of Russia. This system is based on the use of big data technology, which allows us to obtain a more complete and reliable assessment of the ongoing processes in the Russian labor market. The results of the study are an analysis of public vacancies posted on leading online recruiting platforms, collected and processed using a software and hardware IT solution developed by the Institute of Labor. In addition, the article presents professional answers to the following questions: How has the activity of employers changed in 2021 and 2022 in the national and regional labor markets? What are the most sought-after professional groups in demand among employers? Which organizations call for the main professions in demand? What type of employment do employers prefer? The main conclusions are of interest to specialists in the field of economics, sociology, psychology, and education.
ESG STRATEGIES AND SOCIALIZATION OF COMPANIES' ACTIVITIES IN MODERN CONDITIONS (INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE)
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Perskaya V.V. , Ogryzov A.A. ,   Department of Economic Development and Finance of the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, Zvereva A.D. ,   Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2022

The subject of the study is the process of socialization of the business sector in a market economy. The aim of the paper is to analyze the implementation of the criteria for responsible governance at the corporate level within the framework of the ESG requirements as a factor in mitigating the negative consequences of unregulated economic globalization. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of the components of the socialization of the corporate segment, which are being implemented, among other things, on the basis of strengthening state regulation of the country in which the company is located, which involves the implementation of social justice in wages, diversity, and inclusiveness, ensuring the health of the team, as well as the requirement of a "reversal" management of companies towards greater attention to the team itself, taking care not only of a favorable climate in the team but also the living conditions of families working in the company. This trend reflects the fact that in recent years, the issues of social responsibility of business within a market economic system in the context of progressive economic globalization are practically subordinated to the ideas of obtaining commercial benefits and income. The recommendations of UN experts in terms of achieving sustainable development by 2030 allowed paying attention to corporate responsibility in terms of the socialization of labor relations while focusing on increasing the responsibility of the state itself as an institution for ensuring the sustainability of the social development of society. The research methods are general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, as well as a comparative comparison.
LABOR MARKET AND NON-ECONOMIC SHOCKS
Authors:   Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Edinak E.A.
Published: September 2022

The object of the study is the transformation of the Russian labor market. The aim of the work is to assess the quantitative and qualitative consequences of non-economic crises for the Russian labor market. The relevance of the study is due to the need for both retrospective analysis and short-term forecast estimates of changes in the most important parameters of the Russian labor market under the influence of external shocks. The novelty of the research consists in the application of the author's approaches to obtaining factor forecast estimates of changes in the number of employed and unemployed in the economy in 2022 under the influence of restrictions imposed on the country on foreign economic activity. One of them is based on estimates of the elasticity of labor demand in relation to changes in the most important macro parameters, the other is based on estimates of the impact of the effects of reduced imports and disruption of production chains on industry output parameters. The research methods are analysis, economic and mathematical modeling based on the balanced approach, and the RAS method. The findings of the study show that due to the sanctions regime, the potential demand for labor in the economy may decrease by 6.4-6.7 million jobs (employed). However, large-scale government support measures can save about 5 million jobs. In this regard, it is justified that as a result of sanctions, a sharp surge in the number of unemployed should not be expected. A number of factors are also considered that can support the demand for domestic labor in the medium term, namely the intensification of the import substitution policy and the deterioration of the position of foreign labor migrants in the Russian labor market. The article also analyzes the change in industry and qualification (by type of occupation) employment structures under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic. Despite minor changes in the overall industry and qualification structure of employment in 2021 compared with the pre-pandemic 2019, a number of significant changes were noted in the qualification structure of the use of labor within industries. The author draws a conclusion about the effectiveness of economic policy measures aimed at supporting the economy and the labor market and also defines the main directions of transformation of the employment structure in non-economic crises
La sinologie en Chine aujourd’hui : un champ spéculaire et spéculatif
Authors: Zhang Yinde
Published: September 2022

L’engouement auquel on assiste actuellement en Chine pour les études dites «sinologie à l’étranger» ou «sinologie d’outre-mer», telle que celle-ci est pratiquée à l’étranger, nécessite un état des lieux, qui permettra d’observer un champ disciplinaire en constitution. Le développement de ce domaine émergent n’est pas sans susciter des interrogations, qui portent sur sa légitimité, problématisée par sa connexion avec un savoir de nature orientaliste, traité de «sinologiste». Les débats révèlent l’ambivalence et les tensions qui règnent sur les travaux universitaires, partagés entre la critique de la domination et le désir de se réapproprier un objet propice au rayonnement du patrimoine national.
Le fonds chinois de la Bibliothèque d’État de Bavière : du premier inventaire à l’ère numérique (XVIIe- XXIe siècles)
Authors: Tabery Thomas
Published: September 2022

托 馬 斯 . 塔 貝 理 (Thomas Tabery) ： 巴 伐 利 亞 州 立 圖 書 館 藏 漢 籍 ： 從 第 一 份 目 錄 到 數 字 化 時 代 （ 十 七 至 二 十 一 世 紀 ）

巴 伐 利 亞 州 立 圖 書 館 是 一 所 位 於 德 國 慕 尼 黑 的 大 型 綜 合 性 圖 書 館 ， 藏 有 一 部 分 歐 洲 最 重 要 也 最 珍 貴 之 漢 籍 。 本 文 描 述 該 漢 籍 藏 書 歷 史 中 最 重 要 的 階 段 ， 及 說 明 其 現 況 ， 強 調 兩 點 ： 網 上 書 目 搜 尋 ， 以 及 與 之 相 關 的 數 字 化 計 劃 。 預 計 在 2015 年 ， 巴 伐 利 亞 州 立 圖 書 館 藏 古 漢 籍 將 全 部 數 字 化 ， 並 且 免 費 上 網 查 看 。
Liang Qichao et les institutions républicaines
Authors: Ma Jun
Published: September 2022

Au début du XXe siècle, la Chine connaît de profonds changements institutionnels aussi bien durant les dernières années de l’empire mandchou des Qing que sous la république. Les acteurs/penseurs de la politique se lancent alors dans de grands débats intellectuels. Parmi eux, Liang Qichao (1873-1929), dont les idées politiques parcourent un spectre très large, souvent en décalage par rapport aux principaux courants politiques de l’époque, joue un rôle à la fois central et révélateur. Puisant dans les interventions de ce penseur, cette note de recherche traite des débats qui ont porté sur deux problématiques fondamentales de la politique, deux questions largement discutées à l’époque mais relativement peu étudiées de nos jours : celle de la forme de l’État (guoti 国 体 ) et celle de la forme du gouvernement (zhengti 政 体 ). Notre propos est autant de clarifier ces notions que de revisiter les aspects non révolutionnaires des changements intervenus à la fin des Qing et au début de la République de Chine.