bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical and mechanical properties of five Indonesian wood treated with polystyrene
Authors: Budiman I , Purnawati R , Siruru H , Hadi Y S
Published: October 2020

Five Indonesian wood include sengon (Falcataria moluccana), manii (Maesopsis eminii), pinus (Pinus merkusii), duabanga (Duabanga mollucana) and maniani (Flindersia pimenteliana) were treated with polystyrene. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of treated wood. Air-dried samples were placed under vacuum at 600 mmHg for 30 minutes, which was followed by immersion in monomer styrene and pressure at 10 kg/cm2 used varied for 30, 60, and 90 minutes respectively. The wood samples were then wrapped in aluminium foil and placed in an oven at 103±2 °C for 24 hours. Furthermore, the aluminium foil was removed and the samples were weighed for polymer loading calculation. The test of impregnated wood conducted by refers to the British Standard BS 373:1957, comprised of moisture content, density, water absorption, shrinkage swelling, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and hardness. Results showed that wood treatment with polystyrene could improve the physical and mechanical properties of wood.
Design and analysis of connecting rod using composite materials (AL7075, AL6061, AL7075+SiC, AL6061+SiC)
Authors: Mohanakrishnan R , Iniyan K , Sabarish Kumar P , Arun Vasantha Geethan K
Published: October 2020

Connecting rod is a vital part of an internal combustion engine which forms a link between piston and the crankshaft. Due to huge amount of forces acting on the piston owing to high engine load and rpm, cyclic compressive and tensile forces act on the connecting rod and results in fatigue and failure. So, to in order avoid this, the existing connecting rod is to be replaced by composite materials. Because these materials have good mechanical properties such as wear resistance, hardness and high tensile strength. A 3D model of connecting rod is modeled using Solidworks and FEA analysis is carried out by ANSYS 18.2. In this paper analysis is performed on the connecting rod using AL7075, AL6061, AL7075+10%SiC and AL6061+10%SiC to find out the best material for construction of connecting rod.
Enhancement of ergonomic wearable chair with voice controlled using Raspberry pi
Authors: Christina V P F , Elisheba D Delicia , Britto Y , Franklin Kevin , Dolly D Raveena Judie
Published: October 2020

Ergonomics is the designing of products and systems that suit a range of people who use them. The Ergonomically designed wearable chair ensures the ability of the user to sit and stand anywhere. It provides the convenience and required posture for their workplace thereby overcoming disabilities caused due to long hours of standing and sitting. This device increases the efficiency of the user by reducing tiredness, pain in the lower back, leg and ankle region. Enhancing the wearable device with voice control will facile the operation of the system and provide automatic control over the device. The chair is wearable due to its exoskeleton-like design and portable due to its lightweight arrangement. This paper elaborately explains the design, mechanism, and application of the wearable ergonomic chair with voice automation. Future developments and challenges are also discussed in this paper.
Design And Analysis of Helical Coil Heat Exchanger
Authors: Kewin Titus A , Khaja Fareedudeen Ahmed K. S , Sabarish Kumar P , Santhosh D , Arun Vasantha Geethan K.
Published: October 2020

Heat exchangers has been widely used in power plants and industries for heating or cooling applications. Heat is transferred from one medium to another medium by using heat exchangers. Helical coil heat exchangers with two different shell configurations are designed. First shell configuration with a central core and second without a central core. Both the configurations has a copper helical coil. Designing of heat exchangers is done with counter flow arrangement by using CATIA V5 R2015. The performance of both the configurations are analysed and compared by using Fluid flow (Fluent) in ANSYS WORKBENCH 18.1 for CFD simulations. Further the helical tube materials Copper and Aluminium which are widely used in heat exchangers are also analysed in shell with core configuration and heat transfer rates are also compared using CFD (Fluent) analysis.
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy and Surface Roughness on Al-8011 Hybrid Metal Matrix with Chicken Bone Fly Ash
Authors: Prabhu M.K , nishanth sasikumar sai , Ram Prasath k.m , Pradeep Sayant , Ram shuriya I
Published: October 2020

Aluminum Metal Hybrid matrix composites, which have made changes to pure material with respect to natural environmental properties like rusting, wear and tear, light, weight etc. In this study, Aluminum 8011 hybrid metal matrix composite fabricated by stir casting methods using L 9 orthogonal array. The environmental pr operties has been investigated, Environmental scanning electron microscopy, surface roughness were investigated with the casted aluminum hybrid composite. The aluminum hybrid composite was casted with 2%mg with variations of 2%, 3%, 4% of chicken bone ash and 3%, 6%, 9% of SiC as obtained from the microstructure and Environmental scanning electron microscopy. Pin on disc in which wear test shows improved material properties of hybrid matrix composite. Surface Roughness of different parameter been analyzed with taguchi method using design of experiments.
Lubrication Performance of Castor Oil Blended with Other Vegetable Oils in Grinding of Inconel 625
Authors: Suresh Kannan I , Karthikeyan S , Ravikumar K
Published: October 2020

The present work is aimed to investigate the effect of mixed vegetable oils in surface quality during surface grinding of Inconel 625 by vitrified bonded alumina grinding wheel. Three different blends of vegetable oils were considered for the study in which castor oil was base oil and blending oils were soya bean oil, corn oil and rice bran oil. Castor oil has good lubricating properties but its high viscous and poor rheological properties make it directly unviable for lubrication applications. In this study, the rheological properties of the castor oil were modified to cater to the specified needs for grinding of Inconel 625 by mixing it with some other vegetable oils. The blends were prepared in 1:1 proportion. Experiments were conducted using the blends of vegetable oils in grinding of Inconel 625 under identical work conditions. The finished work piece was measured for its surface quality with respect to its average surface roughness, surface morphology and temperature generated on the work piece. The castor oil and soybean blend produced the lowest surface roughness, Ra = 0.0738 μm & Rz = 0.4299μm, with near absence of deep grooving and smearing of chip material on the surface, in comparison with other blends due to enhanced rheological properties.
Process Capability & Fascinating applications of Friction Stud welding
Authors: Samuvel Prem Kumar D.S. , Pravin R. , Kavin Raj S. , Benita B. , Hynes N.Samuel Dinesh , Nagarajan R.
Published: October 2020

In earlier days, welding only involves joining two metals of same kind and dissimilar metals were usually joined by fasteners. Friction Stud welding is a true engineering marvel of making welds between dissimilar metals without any melting or fillers involved. The friction stud welding doesn’t involve heat generation from electricity and it is purely based on friction. Besides these facts the friction stud welding has numerous advantage and applications. This paper focuses on the process of stud welding, application and its limitations.
Displacement Study of Glass Filled Unsaturated Polyester Composite Plate Under Transverse Impact Force
Authors: Jayakumar N. , Sinthuja S.
Published: October 2020

A finite element analysis is offered for analyzing the response of glass fiber filled reinforced unsaturated polyester composite plate due to transverse drop weight impact. The analysis could be used to estimate the displacements of the composite plate during impact and the stress distribution throughout the plate thickness. A thin SHELL 163 ANSYS-LS DYNA explicit element has been used for modeling the composite plate and SOLID 168 ANSYS-LS DYNA explicit element has been used for modeling the drop weight impactor.
Quality Transformation to Improve Customer Satisfaction: Using Product, Process, System and Behaviour Model
Authors: Poornachandrika V , Venkatasudhakar M
Published: October 2020

In recent years automotive manufacturing industries systematically improved its quality parameters principally through strategies with in supply chain. However the current performance not enough, industry dynamics and new technology development require a major quality transformation. Implementation of various quality improvements is the aim of achieving customer delight in many companies. Despite the marked improvements that have come from quality management, quality process and information technology system, without a transformation within an organizations culture, quality management will continue to suffer. This paper presents a case study on application of behaviour model of quality blue box with Plan, Control, Assure concept through Veto right approach, Process model of robust process automation in customer claim handling and system model of mature audit tool. This work is carried out in a leading automotive commercial vehicle control system manufacturing company. This case study illustrating to get zero defect by applying behaviour, process and system model. After implementation there is significant change in reduction of customer claims.
Influence of Dimple Geometry on Coating Performance Under Uni-Directional Sliding
Authors: Ananth M Prem , Vijay V , Dhinesh kumar M , Kanna G Kishore , Manoj M
Published: October 2020

The 316L stainless steel as very low carbon content than 316 steel alloys and 316L is material generally used for medical implant purpose and other industrial applications because of its excellent corrosion properties. The only disadvantage with 316L is it has poor wear resistance. By surface texturing the tribological properties can be improved. DLC (Diamond Like Carbon) Coating were made over the surface texturing. DLC Coating is a nano-composite coating which has unique properties of natural diamond low friction, high hardness, and also high corrosion resistance. Various dimple structures were made on the pin to study about its performance and the ideal dimple structure is selected by using pin on disc experiment. D2 Steel disc is taken as the counter-part for this experiment.
Study of graphene coating with metals and metal Nano composites
Authors: Balaji Krishna bharathi A , Diyavasanth P , Srihari S A , Saravanan M , Sudheer kumar reddy P V
Published: October 2020

This paper is a study about the graphene coating and their properties so far done. At first, graphene was synthesized a few decades ago with graphene-based devices like supercapacitors transistors and microelectromechanical systems are made. We aim to make a graphene composite that exhibits optimized properties and characters that meet the requirement of the industry field. This paper is a study about properties of graphene when coated with other metals and the application study of graphene with Nanotechnology.
Experimental Investigation of Prosopis Juliflora and Mango Tree with Epoxy Resin
Authors: Elayaraja R , Sasikumar R , Gokul M , Gowrisankar T
Published: October 2020

Research on the development of composites has been going on long. But growing concerns about global warming, waste generation & management, increasing environmental awareness, increasing pressure on fossil fuel resources have led to the development of green composites. Even, there are some natural fibers where the properties can be good compared to the synthetic fibers which have contributed to this development. The work aims to develop a polymer composite with Prosopis juliflora and mango tree as reinforcements of a natural composite epoxy resin matrix. Composite plates were produced using a compression mold method with a composition ratio of 60:40,65:35 and 70:30. The resin and hardener proportions were 10:1 respectively. The manufactured composites were tested following ASTM standards to assess mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, impact strength, hardness value, and water absorption test.
Experimental Investigation of Flexural Strength of Banana Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Harish Kumar J , Alagar Pandi K
Published: October 2020

The present generation widely makes use of en number of composites in the field of materials technology, with a very high performance and costs appropriate for the applications such as structural and automotives etc. Fiber reinforced composites are those composites that are called as the oldest and frequently used composite materials, in which Banana fibers are the most common ones. Nowadays consciousness and environmental awareness about using natural fibers as a serious alternative has been keep on increasing globally. And also in these present days natural fiber reinforced polymer composites are being widely used in various engineering applications. Natural fibers such as jute, sisal, palm, coir and banana are the most commonly used reinforcements. In vinyl ester resin matrix banana fibers have been used as reinforcement. This work deals with the study of effect of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on fibers in addition with alumina (Al2O3) particulate. It is seen that the flexural strength value of UT, UT+ Al2O3, T+ Al2O3 has increased with increase in the fiber content.
Optimization of drilling parameters on hybrid natural fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites
Authors: Selvam R. , Sathishkumar N. , Kumar K.M. , Arunkumar N. , Khaleelur Rahman T
Published: October 2020

The natural fiber reinforced composites are highly utilized in the applications of building and construction industry, storage containers, transportation industry and in other industrial applications. The natural fibers are preferred for its distinct properties than synthetic fibers. Natural fibers are economically cheaper, recyclable and ecologically biodegradable. Many studies were proposed by the researchers to improve the machinability and mechanical behaviour of natural fiber reinforced composites. The addition of filler material is a kind of approach to improve the property of natural fiber reinforced composites. In this study the composite laminates are created by reinforcing bi-directional bast type jute and unidirectional leaf made sisal fibers into an epoxy LY556 resin matrix material. The silicon carbide (SiC) is used as filler material. Two types of composite laminates are manufactured. The first sample is considered in the ratio of 70% epoxy resin to 30% Jute + Sisal fiber composition without any filler material. The second composition includes the ratio of 70% epoxy resin to 30% Jute + Sisal fiber along with 10% SiC as filler material. The hardner HY951 of 10% is used in both compositions. The machining operation was performed by using HSS twist drill for three different machining parameters (Drill bit type, Spindle speed and Feed rate). The circularity and surface roughness are considered as output parameters. The machining is performed in the range of 20 different combinations as directed by the RSM software. The conformation tests are carried out to validate the RSM results. The optimization results shows that the sample with SiC filler exhibits better machinability behaviour than sample without filler material.
Investigation of Tensile and wear properties of aluminium metal matrix composite
Authors: Arumugasamy M. , Suba pradha M. , Vaitheeswari V.
Published: October 2020

The recent development of piston materials in internal combustion engines has contributed to the overall improvement in terms of durability and operation reliability. R&D and scientific centers both at home and abroad are conducting studies aimed at increasing the net power, torque and reducing the fuel consumption. The main function of piston is to convert thermal energy into mechanical work. Therefore selection of best material for piston plays a vital role in terms of extending its life, engine efficiency and low fuel consumption. Recent research has come up with a concept of composite materials, which shows that it has good mechanical properties compared to existing materials.
Numerical analysis of energy savings due to the use of PCM integrated in lightweight building walls
Authors: Sheeja R. , Kumar S. , Chandrasekar P. , Jospher Abraham J S , Krishnan Sai
Published: October 2020

A new type of PCM layer integrated into an exterior building wall is to reduce the amplitude of the indoor temperature and maintaining the better thermal comfort for human beings. A numerical simulation has been carried out with and without integration of PCM in building walls. In this paper, the effect of different configuration of external building walls were studied and analyzed by the integration of PCM building walls. Using finite difference method, one dimensional transient heat transfer model was developed and solved. The indoor temperature was also analyzed for the summer and winter climatic conditions of Chennai city, India (13.1 Latitude and 79.9 Longitude) in the PCM and Non-PCM buildings. The building wall consists of clay brick with filled with PCM. The numerical simulation result shows that, PCM filled with clay brick wall improves the thermal inertia significantly. Location of PCM layer in the building wall is one of the important factors to reduce the heat gain in the building wall before it enters the room.
Production and Characterization of Biodiesel from Hevea Brasiliensis and Diesel like Fuel from Waste Engine Oil
Authors: Subedi Shreya , Anand M , Gokul Ragavendra S , Ranjitha J
Published: October 2020

In today’s application, it is essential to formulate the use of diesel and biodiesel in an environmentally generous manner. In this experimental study, an attempt was made to increase the performance and reduce the exhaust emission by blending biodiesel with diesel extracted from waste engine oil on their performance and emission characteristics. The bio-oil is extracted from the seeds of Hevea Brasiliensis using soxhlet extraction process. The crude bio-oil was converted into biodiesel using transesterification process. The percentage yield obtained was high, in the case of heterogeneous base catalyst CaO compared with homogenous base catalyst. Further, the trans-esterification reaction was optimized using the following condition reaction like temperature at 60°C, reaction time ∼1.5 h, molar ratio 9:1 (oil: methanol) and 3% catalyst (w/w). The waste engine oil was distilled using fractional distillation process to produce fuels which is used in engines using inert silica granules. The bio-oil, bio-diesel and diesel samples were characterized using FT-IR and GC-MS spectroscopic techniques. Based on the spectral data, fatty acids, fatty acid methyl ester and hydrocarbon derivatives were identified. Similarly, physical properties were analysed for the produced fuel and biodiesel such as density, viscosity, flash and fire point and calorific value and the results are comparable with ASTM standards. Based on the fuel properties, biodiesel and diesel like fuel obtained from waste engine oil will be used in future to study their engine characteristics.
Process Optimisation and Kinetics Study of Biodiesel Production from Dairy Waste Scum Using ZnO Heterogeneous Nanocatalyst
Authors: Sharma Utsav , Muralidharan N.G , Vijayalakshmi S , Ranjitha J
Published: October 2020

The present paper describes about the biodiesel production from diary waste using zinc oxide as a heterogeneous catalysts. The bio-oil from dairy waste scum was collected and used for biodiesel production. Zinc oxide nanostructures was synthesised by sol-gel method and characterised using particle size analyser, X-ray diffractometer and thermogravimetric analyser. The synthesised heterogeneous ZnO nanocatalyst was used for transesterification of dairy waste scum. The maximum biodiesel yield of 94.8% was obtained at the optimised reaction conditions, 0.8 wt. %, and methanol to oil molar ratio 9:1, reaction time 40 min, reaction temperature 65 °C, and mixing speed 300 rpm. The fatty acid methyl ester production reaction follows a first order reaction rate. This research work shows that synthesised ZnO nanocatalyst was an effective catalyst to produce biodiesel from dairy waste scum.
Investigation of the effect of zinc borate on the physic mechanical properties of PVC plastic
Authors: Borukaev T A , Shaov A Kh , Kharaev A M , Borodulin A S
Published: October 2020

Zinc borate crystalline hydrate of the composition 2ZnO·3B2O3·3,5H2O was obtained by the interaction of zinc oxide and boric acid in the presence of a seed. The composition of the obtained crystalhydrate of zinc borate was confirmed using IR spectroscopy and gravimetric analysis. It is shown at what temperatures the obtained zinc borate crystalline hydrate loses crystallization water and in what quantity. To evaluate the antipyretic properties, the obtained zinc borate crystalline hydrate was introduced into the polyvinylchloride plastic compound grade NGP30-32, replacing industrial zinc borate in the formulation. It was found that polyvinylchloride plastic containing the obtained zinc borate crystalline hydrate is not inferior in its thermal, fire-resistant and physic mechanical characteristics to a compound containing industrial zinc borate. At the same time, the main indicators of polyvinylchloride plastic containing laboratory zinc borate crystalline hydrate complies with the requirements for fireproof plastic compounds.
Selection of the best available technology based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Brom A , Stoyanova M , Sidelnikov I
Published: October 2020

The article investigates the problem of choosing the best available technology that must match the concept of sustainable production. When choosing a technology, the difficult task of comparing alternative technological options should be solved. It is necessary to assess the indicators of environmental, economic and social criteria, but which often contradict each other. The article presents an approach to select the best technology for the production of metal grid, composite grid and basalt grid with the use of Analytical Hierarchic Process.
The influence of the use of composite materials on the rationing of material resources in mechanical engineering
Authors: Sidelnikov I , Brom A , Omelchenko I
Published: October 2020

The majority of machine-building enterprises, when planning material and technical supply (MTS), use various statistical data collected and systematized for previous periods that underlie the calculation of standards for resource consumption. Depending on the level of technical development of production, used technologies and changes in the design of products, factors are identified that determine the need for adjustments to consumption rates in a minimum time. The article analyzes structural and technological factors, substantiates their influence on the determination of various types of consumption rates during the formation of MTS.
Polyetherimides for creation of heat-resistant polymeric composite materials with high physical and mechanical properties
Authors: Borodulin A S , Kalinnikov A N , Tereshkov A G , Muzyka S S
Published: October 2020

Thermoplastic and soluble in organic solvents polyetherimides are of considerable interest for the creation of heat-and heat-resistant composite materials with high physical and mechanical properties. In recent decades, the main scientific approaches to the synthesis of polyimides with the ability to process from melt and solutions in organic solvents have been developed. This methodology is to reduce the glass transition temperature of rigid-chain polyimides by increasing the flexibility of the main polymer chain and / or by reducing intermolecular interaction. Evolution of fine organic synthesis is one of the priority directions of chemical technology development. Chemistry of high-molecular compounds is the subject of research by various scientists, both in the domestic scientific field and abroad. This interest is due to the prospects for the use of materials for industrial purposes. The polyetherimides are of this group of materials contain in their chain of various aromatic, heterocyclic and cycloaliphatic groups, and systems. This article describes the main approaches to the creation of such polymers with improved, compared with polyimides, technological properties and prospects for their application for the production of filled composite materials based on them. The paper presents the properties of the materials under consideration as a justification for the creation of heat-resistant composite materials.
Modeling the nonlinear permeability of porous composite structures with non-Newtonian fluids
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Shuguang Li
Published: October 2020

This work is related to the modelling filtration flow of an incompressible non-Newtonian viscous fluid in porous composite structures. A physical mathematical model of an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid flowing in a porous composite structure has been proposed. The pore–scale description of flow in a reinforced composite is obtained using asymptotic homogenization method. Then, the nonlinear filtration law is investigated theoretically using the anisotropic tensor function representation of the tensor independent variable. The finite element method was used to calculate the local problem, and the distribution of single hole velocity, pressure and non-Newtonian viscosity was obtained. Based on the numerical results verified by the famous Darcy’s law, the nonlinear filtration law of Carreau viscosity fluid was explored and the effective permeability under different parameters was obtained.
Asymptotic theory of multilayer plates with imperfect contact between layers
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Gubareva E A
Published: October 2020

An asymptotic theory of the deformation of thin multilayer elastic plates with non-ideal contact between the layers is proposed. The linearized slip conditions of the contacting layers with different slip coefficients for each pair of layers are considered. An asymptotic theory is an expansion over a small geometric parameter of the original 3-dimensional elasticity problem with sliding conditions of the layers. A recurrent sequence of local problems of elasticity theory is obtained. An analytical recurrent solution to these problems is found, which allows one to determine all the components of the stress tensor in the plate. An averaged system of equations of the theory of thin two-layer plates with slipping layers is derived, which has an increased order of partial derivatives compared with the theory of plates with ideal contact. An analytical solution is found to this problem of bending a 2-layer composite plate under the influence of uniform pressure. Specific effects of plate deformation due to the effect of layer slippage are established.
Dynamic characteristics of modified bitumen systems
Authors: Fedorova L V , Tretyakova Z O , Voronina M V
Published: October 2020

Thiokol-modified bitumens are investigated. Based on the measurements of time-dependent viscosity parameters (melting point, penetration, and spin-spin relaxation time T2 ), it is established that at a content of thiokol more than 25%, formation of a continuous phase is possible, which shows up as a sudden change in the bitumen properties and is associated with the phase inversion. The method of bitumen modification suggested can be recommended for obtaining roofing materials.
Development and implementation of a technology for introducing reinforcement into aluminum matrix composite
Authors: Chen Yijin , Kurganova Yu A , Scherbakov S P
Published: October 2020

In this study, a new method for introducing reinforcement was developed and used in stir casting to fabricate aluminum matrix composites. Different reinforcements (microparticle SiC and nanofiber Al2O3) were incorporated into the technical aluminum AD0 (1050 ISO) alunimum alloy by a mechanical stirrer and then cylindrical specimens were cast. The microstructural characterization of the composite samples showed grain refinement of aluminum matrix with the introduction of reinforcement. The effects of reinforcement on the mechanical properties and impact behavior of the composites were investigated. Based on experiments, it was revealed that the presence of Al2O3 nanofiber reinforcement led to improvement in hardness. This was due to introduction of reinforcement and grain refinement of aluminum matrix. Studies on the fracture surfaces revealed that AMC with reinforcement is brittle, but in the case of nanofibers fillers, tough component was also present, which eliminated the risk of brittle fracture.
Development of a method of hydroerosive saturation of liquids with microparticles of target materials using ultra-jet
Authors: Galinovisky A L , Htet Kyaw Myo , Erokhin S A , Zhenyuan Jia
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the questions of assessing the applicability of the method of ultra-jet diagnostics of carbon plastics. In the work, phenomenological ideas about the process of destruction of carbon plastics under the action of a high-speed-jet of liquid are considered. The experimental part of the work is related to the implementation of the diagnostic effect of the ultra-jet on the surface of the carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the assessment of the geometric parameters of the hydraulic caverns and the qualitative assessment of the state of the fibers and the adhesion in the binder-fiber structure. In this experiment, carbon fiber samples were used both in the initial state and after the inhibitory effect of x-ray radiation. Such a technique made it possible to carry out a comparative analysis of the samples and evaluate the information content of the ultra-jet diagnostics method as applied to the materials under consideration.
Structure, properties and heat treatment of aluminum alloy BAC1 synthesized by 3D printing
Authors: Fachyrtdinov R S , Kuznetsova P E , Savichev I D
Published: October 2020

Article is devoted to studying of influence of the process of selective laser melting and subsequent various heat treatment on the structure of aluminum alloy. On the basis of scientific and technical literature describes the need for and relevance of the application of modern technologies of 3D printing, the possibility of its application. The authors investigate the microstructure and determine the porosity of the synthesized samples of aluminum alloy of the Al-Si-Mg (Cu) system. The dependence of the porosity of the samples on the energy density is established. Also, the author investigated the influence of annealing and hardening modes with aging on the hardness of the samples of aluminum alloy. On the basis of the conducted researches characteristic properties and features of the synthesized material and preferable heat treatment were determined.
Optimization Model for Dairy Farms of Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Sukoot A H , Suleimenova R Z , Zhanys A B
Published: October 2020

Dairy cattle breeding is one of the most important branches of animal husbandry. It serves as a source of such valuable food products as milk, meat, as well as a source of raw materials for industry. Milk is an almost indispensable basis for nutrition in childhood, both humans and animals. It contains all the necessary nutrients. By its diverse composition, not one of the known foods can compete with it. In milk, there are almost all currently known vitamins.
Modeling of volumetric deformation during compaction of Al-SiC composite materials based on mechanically activated batch
Authors: Sergeenko S N
Published: October 2020

Annotation

A 3D Spline model of the effect of the silicon carbide content Csic
and the cold compaction pressure p on the bulk deformation of the powder molding ॉν
during the cold compaction of the Al-SiC charge was constructed. The nonlinear character of the dependence ॉν(p) is established for the studied values of the silicon carbide content. The two-stage nature of the cold compaction of the Al-SiC powder mixture was revealed, which is characterized by intensive compaction at the initial stage. A sigmoidal model of cold compaction of a powder mechanically activated Al-SiC charge, which takes into account the initial stage of lightweight structural compaction, is constructed. The dependences of the influence of the SiC powder content on the coefficients of the sigmoidal cold compaction equation are established. A logistic model of the influence of CsiC
on the coefficients of the sigmoidal equation of cold compaction and the average size of agglomerates formed during the mechanical activation of a mixture of Al-SiC composite powder material is proposed. The energy equation of hot compaction is obtained, the value of the compressibility coefficient is determined, and a linear equation is constructed that relates the relative densities before and after hot compaction of the Al-SiC composite material.
Thermoplastic poly ether sulfones for composite materials
Authors: Storoshuk I P , Alekseev V M , Pavlukovich N G , Borodulin A S , Kalinnikov A N , Poleshaev A V
Published: October 2020

Results of the work on controlled synthesis of thermoplastic engineering poly ether sulfones with distinct molecular weights are presented. It is shown that control of time of the chemical reaction with other synthesis parameters being fixed allows for synthesis of poly ether sulfone with desired molecular weight and therefore with desired melt viscosity. The latter is an important parameter for creation of high-quality thermoplastic carbon fiber prepregs.
Determining the interaction surface parameters of the geokhod knife operating body with the face rock
Authors: Aksenov V V , Efremenkov A B , Yu Sadovets V , Pashkov D A , Efremenkov V A
Published: October 2020

One of the main devices of the geokhod having a direct impact on the force characteristics of the underground apparatus is the operating body. During the work of the operating body, the interaction surface of the geokhod operating body with the face rock is formed. The purpose of the research is to determine the parameters of the surface of interaction of the geokhod knife operating body with the face rock.

As a result, it was revealed that the interaction surface parameters of the geokhod knife operating body with the face rock can be divided into two groups: general, which are characteristic for each variant of operating body, and variable, which are characteristic for each variant.
Influence of the knife shape on the operating body cutting force
Authors: Aksenov V V , Efremenkov A B , Yu Sadovets V , Pashkov D A , Efremenkov V A
Published: October 2020

The basic part of any mining machine is the operating body used for mine working. The parameters of the mining machine are particularly affected by the geometric and force parameters of their operating bodies. The knife shape is one of the geometric indicators of the mining machine cutting part. The existing methodology for calculating a geokhod cutting body does not take this indicator into account. The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of operating body knife shape on the strength of the blocked cutting. The research shows that the knife shape affects only the forces for overcoming the frontal resistance of the soil by the front edge of the knife. It is possible to determine the influence of the cutting edge shape of the operating body on the force of blocked cutting. As a result of the study, it was revealed that when the knife is deepened to the entire cutting depth and when it destroys the face corresponding to its shape, the knife shape does not influence the strength of the blocked cutting.
Areas of research on the construction of tunneling underground machines of the Geokhod class
Authors: Aksenov V V , Khoreshok A A , Efremenkov A B , Yu Beglyakov V , Koperchuk A V , Yu Blaschuk M , Yu Sadovets V , Pashkov D A
Published: October 2020

The article presents the features that characterize the complexity and novelty of the main functional systems of underground machines of the “Geokhod” class as an object of design and production. The authors discuss the problems that developers encountered at all stages of creating test models and prototypes of a new class of underground machines “Geokhod”. The lack of special scientific and methodological support is a deterrent to the creation of a new class of underground vehicles. Taking into account the peculiarities of work, interaction with the geo-environment of tunneling underground machines of the “Geokhod” class, the need arose to create a scientific specialty that will be associated with the design and construction of tunneling underground equipment. Thus, by analogy with the aircraft industry, the support for the creation of underground machines interacting with the geo-environment should be assigned to a new scientific profile and the scientific specialty “Construction of underground machines that interact with the geo-environment”. A new scientific direction is considered as a key element of an advanced technological structure for the development of underground space on the basis of advanced development and new approaches in construction geotechnology and geotechnics.
History review of aircraft performance improvement
Authors: Bobkov A , Krivenko M
Published: October 2020

This paper is a review of trends in performance improvement of all-purpose military remotely piloted aircrafts in the last years. The review results are intended for use by designers of such aircrafts. Performance improvement of a machine, aircrafts in particular, is aimed at cost-effective optimization. The fundamental of a design specification for a new all-purpose aircraft is drafting requirements to its military characteristics. It is required to determine if an aircraft requires new or improvement of existing functions that influence the aircraft’s weight taking into account novel technologies to appear soon. No look-ahead analytic base available makes it difficult to determine needs and capacities of the future engineering period. This paper focuses on an analysis of the past period to forecast the aircraft engineering future. A history chart is built to show the design improvements of all-purpose military remotely piloted aircrafts starting from 2005.
Assessment of the anisotropic wood strength on local crushing
Authors: Labudin B V , Nikitina T A , Popov E V , Varenik K A , Novoselova V I
Published: October 2020

Modern structural analysis standards for wooden and glued laminated building structures of civil and industrial buildings, bridges, electric power facilities, communications, etc., on the one hand, have differences, and on the other hand, general design principles (SP). However, the design resistances values are given only for the force vector acting along and across the fibers. The designer has to get the intermediate design resistances values according to the formulas of the 30s, very approximately, and sometimes incorrectly. For example, for cross laminated timber (CLT). Based on previously performed experimental researches and the results of calculations, general patterns of the resistance to local crushing changes were obtained for samples taken from glued laminated timber structures elements (glulam). General approaches have been developed to assess the strength of glulam (σ
cr,a
) and its design resistances to local crushing (Rcr,a
) with varying static geometrical parameters of the hard stamp (ψ = d/l) depending on the external forces vector direction with respect to the wood fibers - lamellas (α). All this makes the research present-day and focused on improving reference documents.
Research of the dependence of the moisture regime in the walls of gas concrete on the characteristics of the external finishing
Authors: Loganina V I , Frolov M V
Published: October 2020

The laws of moisture condensation in the external enclosing structures of aerated concrete blocks of grades D350-D600, finished with various types of dry building mixtures, are investigated. The mathematical dependence of the temperature of the onset of condensation in the aerated concrete enclosing structure on the thermal conductivity and vapor permeability of the outer finish coating is obtained. It was revealed that when using the developed calcareous composition with the use of ash aluminosilicate microspheres for the finishing of aerated concrete blocks of grades D350–D600, moisture condensation begins at a lower outdoor temperature.
Convergent use of neural network information technologies for monitoring and evaluating the performance of digital control operators of situational centers at critical infrastructure facilities
Authors: Loginov E L , Grigoriev V V , Bojko P A , Balandin V S , Ivanovskij G S
Published: October 2020

In the technology under consideration is proposed the convergent adaptation of neuro-monitoring testing services and packages of intelligent information coming to an individual by neuro-monitoring readout of the interests, emotions and mood of the observed standardized conditional operator with the measuring of workload exposed on the main sensor perceptional channels of a concrete digital management operator within smart community, meta-program and others. There are formed the conditions for the provision of a human with information taking into account the characteristics of the individual intelligence structure: its unity, integrity, and systematization within the behavioral model aimed at the duty performance. At the same time the information packages are formed in an automated way correlating with his personal socio-political position and attitude to the policy of the agents of control of smart-community segments with the future forecast of the possible deviant expressions in the network.
Heat transfer through a double-glazed window by radiation
Authors: Maiorov V A
Published: October 2020

A method of separately combined analysis of the process of radiant-convective heat transfer through the central part of the double-glazed windows is developed. The problem of heat transfer by radiation through a double-glazed window is formulated and a solution is obtained in an analytical form. The solution is applicable for all types of double-glazed windows with a given number, characteristics and location of low-emission coatings. The possibilities of reducing radiant heat losses through double-glazed windows due to an increase in the number of glasses and the use of glasses with low-emission heat-protective coatings are analyzed in detail.
The influence of micro- and nanodots lubricating and cooling technological means (LCTM) on the process of blade cutting of materials
Authors: Naumov A G , Novikov V V , Naumova O A , Shvetsov I V
Published: October 2020

Improving the efficiency of cutting tools and the quality of the processed surfaces in the course of metal blade processing is largely determined by the intensity of adhesive interactions between the tribo-conjugated surfaces of the tool and processed materials. This is due to the high chemical activity of the juvenile surfaces formed in the process of chip separation in tribo-conjugated contact. As it is illustrated by theory and practice, one of the main mechanisms effecting on the amount of adhesion is the formation of separation lubricant films at the interface between the tool and the processed material by introducing external technological means into the contact zone (lubricating and cooling technological means – LCTM).
Development of a biomechanical robotic orthopedic apparatus with a corset based on composite materials
Authors: Novikov V I , Muravyev A G , Muravyev S A , Stepura D S , Shmakova N S
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of a comprehensive study on the creation of a biomechanically based robotic orthopedic apparatus (ROA) with a lack of functionality for limb removal. A number of biomechanical schemes of the biotechnological system “man-ROA” have been developed, as well as a control system for the motor functions of ROA. Electromyographic signals were chosen as controllers. A microprocessor control system has been developed. The typical actions of the ROA user are defined. The software of a neuro-controlled node has been developed. Design, manufacture and debugging of a neuro-controlled unit and ROA in general was completed. The use of composite materials made it possible to improve the biomechanical characteristics of walking and reduce the energy consumption of the entire biotechnological system.
Utilizing factor models to simulate emergency shutdowns of power grids
Authors: Polkovskaya M , Buzina T , Fedurina N
Published: October 2020

In the article, based on statistics on emergency outages in the Levoberezhniy and Pravoberezhniy districts of Irkutsk and the sums of average daily temperatures in years 2010-2017 regression models are built. As an auxiliary factor for the models built on values that were grouped by year, the seasonality index was calculated using the “Kassandra” model. In the model, built for values that were grouped by month, a trend was added in addition to the seasonal component.

A retrospective prediction of emergency outages based on the data of the Levoberezhniy district, gathered in April 2020 showed that a model with a trend and a seasonal component gives a more accurate prediction. Since the sum of the average daily temperatures can be considered a random variable, the proposed factor models can be used to predict emergency outages only with some probability. The solution of inverse problems, when the factor value is determined for a given number of emergency outages, can be used to assess the risks associated with the influence of low and high temperatures on the objects of the electric grid complex.
Development of a new type of metamaterial and its application in antenna technology
Authors: Salakhitdinov A N , Mirzokulov Kh B
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we consider a method for creating left-sided metamaterials. We select a method for creating metamaterials from a system with distributed parameters that are non-resonant structures. The equation of a discrete transmission line is solved taking into account the conditions for creating a metamaterial. The resulting solution in the form of effective permittivity shows that such a medium really has a double negative value of both the dielectric and magnetic permittivity. A generalized scheme of a universal method for searching for creating metamaterials is considered.
Modification of wear-resistant coatings of the Fe-Cr-C system with spherical tungsten carbide WC-W2C
Authors: Shchegolev A V , Ishkov A V , Ivanayskiy V V
Published: October 2020

The article describes the production procedure, studies the structure, and determines the properties of new wear-resistant coatings of the Fe-Cr-C system intended for hardening the working bodies of agricultural machines. To increase the wear resistance and give new consumer qualities to such coatings, they were modified with spherical tungsten carbide WC-W2C -spherorelite.

It is shown that the introduction of the complex (WC-W2C+B4C) into the basic charge allows increasing the hardness of the deposited to 1000 … 1200 HV100, and wear resistance by 3.1 times in relation to the base material, and by 1.3 … 1.8 times in relation to the base (not hardened) material.