bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Effect of Good Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Financial Performance on the Disclosure of Sustainability Reports with Firm Size as a Moderating Variable in Banking Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2017-2022
Authors: Br Simangunsong Debora , Erwin Keulana , Fachruddin Khaira Amalia
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to test and analyze the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and others: managerial ownership, number of Board of Commissioners and Audit Committee, and Financial Performance, which included ROA and ROE on company sustainability in banking sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. In addition, this study also aims to determine whether the firm size can be used as a moderation variable to strengthen or weaken the relationship between good corporate governance (GCG) and the financial performance of the company's sustainability. This research is a type of quantitative research with a descriptive approach. Purposive sampling techniques were used from 47 banking companies in the IDX, and 19 banks were included in the research sample within 6 years of the period. The data used are secondary data and data collection methods, accessed by accessing the IDX's 2017-2022 annual report. The results of this study show that good corporate governance (GCG) has no significant effect on sustainability. The audit committee has no significant effect on sustainability reports. Managerial ownership has a significant effect on sustainability reports, independent commissioners have no significant effect on sustainability reports, the Board of directors has no significant effect on sustainability reports, and financial performance has a significant effect on sustainability reports, where ROA and ROE have a significant effect on sustainability reports. Firm size can moderate the influence of GCG and financial performance with sustainability reports.

Keywords: good corporate governance, audit committee, board of commissioners, managerial ownership, financial performance, ROA, ROE, sustainability report, and firm size
The Description of Microbial Pattern and Antibiotic Sensitivity Among Pediatric Patients at RSUP M Djamil Padang
Authors: Oktapia Intan , Mariko Rinang
Published: October 2024

Background Infection alludes to the invasion and multiplication of either microorganisms or parasites inside bodily tissues. The management of such infections is closely interrelated to the use of antibiotics. Ineffective use of antibiotics is contributed to the antibiotic resistance. Severe disease complications and lengthy hospital stays are among essential reasons why physicians may prescribe myriad types of antibiotics for longer durations. In effort to diminish resistance, the selection of antibiotics ought to be based on information about the bacterial spectrum causing the infection and the patterns of sensitivity to antibiotics. Annual reporting of microbial patterns and sensitivity testing is essential, particularly for pediatric ward patients, as it provides a guide for administering relevant antibiotics and preventing further spread of infections.
Objectives This study evaluated microbial patterns, sensitivity test results, and antibiotic resistance among patients in the pediatric ward of RSUP M Djamil Padang from January-December 2020, with a total of 138 samples.
Results The proportion of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria are 83.3% and 16.7%, respectively. The most prevalent gram-negative bacteria are Klebsiella pneumoniae (28.9%), Escherichia coli (26.1%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.9%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (7.2%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (3.7%) also present. These bacteria are predominantly found in samples of feces, urine, and blood. Gram-positive bacteria show notable resistance to the antibiotics such as erythromycin (22.2%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (19%), and ciprofloxacin (15.8%), while being sensitive to chloramphenicol (17.4%), vancomycin (15.1%), and tetracycline (12%). In contrast, gram-negative bacteria exhibit resistance to ampicillin (16.5%), ceftriaxone (12.1%), and ceftazidime (11.3%), but are sensitive to amikacin (19.8%), meropenem (19.4%), and gentamicin (10.9%).

Keywords: microbial patterns, antibiotic sensitivity, pediatric ward
Using Improved Two-Source Capture-Recapture Methods In Settling Disputed Election Results
Authors: Chinwuba E. E. , Okafor P. N. , Kama H. N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction of new technology to check rigging and manipulation of election results by the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) raised hopes and dreams of many Nigerians, especially the new electorates, that the 2023 general election in Nigeria would be free and fair. Cross-checking INEC declared election results using this recapture model is supposed go beyond questionnaires. Sampling technique to select polling units where re-run election is to take place is necessary. They have been issues of vote suppression, rigging, manipulation or intimation in those areas would have largely been reduced. The new estimator has shown that there were no serious cases of vote suppression, manipulation or intimation by any political party, as far as this Local Government Area is concerned. If there were vote suppression, it is only about 1.78% which is negligible. Using simulated data, we found that efficient recapture model (Me) provides better and more reliable estimate than the conventional models.
Outcomes of primary total hip arthroplasty in patients with Ehlers Danlos Syndromes
Authors: BHACHU D.S. , UNNIKRISHNAN P.N. , WHITTAKER J.P. , LEWTHWAITE S , STEELE N , EVANS C , THOMAS G , OKORO T
Published: October 2024

Background: The Ehlers Danlos Syndromes (EDS) are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern and patients classically present with hypermobility, skin hyper-elasticity, blood vessel fragility and atrophic scarring. Due to hypermobility, disorders such as joint pain and early arthritis are common. The aim of this study was to assess clinical and radiological outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with EDS treated in a high volume orthopaedic centre.

Methods: A search was performed of the electronic patient record system at our institution from 1998 - 2019 using the search terms ‘EDS’ or ‘Danlos’ and ‘arthroplasty’. Over the 22-year study period, there were approximately 32,000 primary THAs performed at our institution. We collated demographic information including age, gender, BMI, smoking history and medical comorbidities. Implant type, bearing surfaces and size was also documented, with clinical and radiological assessment at last known follow up.

Results: A total of n=5 primary THAs were identified in n=4 patients at a median follow-up of 3 years. All patients were female with a median age of 68 (SD 18.9) years and a median BMI of 30.7 (SD 4.5). The majority of patients were smokers, and had a chronic history of low back pain (n=3, 75%). Uncemented implants were used on n=3 occasions with the remainder being hybrid (n=2). Femoral head size ranged from 28mm to 44mm. One patient had a post-operative surgical wound erythema that resolved within 48 hours of onset, otherwise there were no significant wound complications. To date, there have been no documented dislocations, with all patients having satisfactory clinical and radiological outcome at last known follow up.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that total hip arthroplasty can be safely performed in patients with a diagnosis of EDS, with no significant complications in the intermediate term.
Physico-Chemical Analysis of Ayurvedic Formulation -Chaturbhadra Kwatha Churna
Authors: Panda Purnendu , S. Indu , Rao S. Krishna , Rao M.M. , Mishra Abhanjali , Kumar Swain Pramod
Published: October 2024

In recent times, there has been an increasing need for products derived from plants in the fields of medicine, nutrition, and beauty. This rise demands the creation of dependable methods for ensuring product quality, which involves blending age-old techniques with contemporary analytical tools. It's essential to standardize the production of herbal medicines to guarantee their quality, which requires a thorough assessment of different aspects such as sensory evaluation, chemical composition analysis, and examination of microbial content. In the realm of Ayurveda, where the use of plant extracts is fundamental, establishing standards is key to confirming the product's genuineness and effectiveness. This is demonstrated through the example of Chaturbhadra Kwatha Churna, a complex herbal mixture designed to treat various health issues. By conducting a detailed analysis, this research seeks to lay a solid groundwork for consistent quality and performance, building trust in Ayurvedic therapies globally.
Carbon Nanotubes an Excellent Targeted Drug Delivery System
Authors: Mendhe Radhika , Dalal Aditya
Published: October 2024

Carbon nanotubes, or CNTs, are carbon allotropes with a nanostructure that can have a length-to-breadth proportion more prominent than 1,000,000. These round and hollow carbon particles have exceptional properties that make them possibly helpful in an assortment of nanotechnology applications. CNTs might be joined with a scope of natural components, including proteins, drugs, and nucleic acids, to give bio-functionalities. CNTs come in two assortments: multi-walled (MWNTs) and single-walled (SWNTs). Among its captivating properties are its high viewpoint proportion, strength, lightweight weight, high warm conductivity, and electrical attributes that reach from metallic to semiconducting. Carbon nanotubes might be made by various cycles, including warm blend, substance fume statement, laser removal, circular segment release dissipation, plasma-based union, and synthetic fume affidavit increased by plasma. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) track down use in drug conveyance, blood malignant growth, bosom disease, cerebrum malignant growth, liver malignant growth, cervical malignant growth, quality treatment, resistant therapy, biomedical imaging, biosensors, and tissue designing. The noncovalent functionalization of specific MNTs with folic corrosive (FA) worked on the vehicle of medication to malignant growth cells in the lymph hubs. By utilizing a remotely introduced magnet to guide the medication lattice to the provincial designated lymph hubs, the MNTs can ceaselessly deliver chemotherapeutic medications for a few days while remaining in the depleting designated lymph hubs. Growth cells communicating folate receptors (FRs) in the lymph hubs can be explicitly obliterated since FRs are overexpressed in different human malignancies.
Huntington’s Disease: A Review of The Clinical Survey and Therapeutics Management of Neuropsychiatric Drug
Authors: Kumar Tinku , Kumar Gautam Girendra , Malik Rohit
Published: October 2024

Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal neurodegenerative disease caused by the excess of CAG trinucleotide repeats in the Huntington gene (HTT). In addition to various symptoms such as chorea, movement disorders, cognitive impairment and psychosis, patients with HD may also experience behavioral and physical changes. Although there is no known cure for HD, there are many ways to try to reduce symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Medications such as tetrabenazine and tetrabenazine target physical symptoms by reducing movement. Antidepressants and antipsychotics are also used to manage the psychotic and cognitive symptoms of HD. The purpose of this review is to discuss the effectiveness of current HD treatments and explore the progress in clinical research on emerging HD treatments.
Antibacterial activity of Cinnamomum cassia against multiple drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Jaiswal Sadhana
Published: October 2024

The irrational use of antibiotics in various fields like medicine, animal husbandry and industrial sectors is probably a major cause of the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens and commensal organisms. It is a big challenge to modern clinical practices, as it could lead to therapeutic failures, financial losses, and the creation of a gene pool that could be passed on to humans. The use of medicinal plants can be considered as an alternative, with a consequent impact on microbial resistance. Spices and hearbs have been traditionally used as coloring agents, flavoring agents, preservatives, food additives and medicine in India. The present work aimed to find out the antimicrobial activity of Cinnamomum cassiaon multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from tap water. Natural spices might have anti-bacterial activity against other MDR bacteria and could be used for prevention of diseases.
Intensive whitefish exploitation: effects on population structure of whitefish Coregonus lavaretus L. and brown trout Salmo trutta L. in a mountain reservoir
Authors: Saltveit Svein Jakob , Brabrand Åge
Published: October 2024

During the years 1980 - 1986, an intensive whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, exploitation programme was carried out in the mountain reservoir Goppollen, SE Norway, in an attempt to improve whitefish quality and to reduce interspecific competition between whitefish and brown trout Salmo trutta. For whitefish, individual mean weight increased from 99 g in 1980 to 175 g in 1986, length/weight ratio was improved and empirical growth rate increased. For brown trout, no change in the population structure was observed, indicating that not even intensive whitefish exploitation will create reduced predation pressure on zooplankton, and allow brown trout to utilize planktonic food items in such lakes.
Some Information on Testate Amoebae from Spitsbergen
Authors: Opravilová Vera
Published: October 2024

In 8 samples taken in periodic puddles and brooks flowing from snow fields, altogether 29 taxa were found. A probably new species in the genus Difflugia is described as well as a new form of Arcella discoides f. compressa n. forma. The occurrence of a recently described species, Centropyxis pontigulasiformis Beyens & Chardez 1986, at further stations of the Spitsbergen Archipelago was confirmed. Of the taxa found by me 11 had not been described from Spitbergen. A mass occurrence (more than 2,000 individuals) was noticed in the species Plagiopyxis labiata (Sample 4b). The index of species diversity was highest in algal periphyton (Sample 3: H’ = 2.746); the highest equitability index was found in detritus (Sample 5a: E = 1.146) and in algal periphyton (Sample 3: E = 1.145).
Animal remains from the post-glacial warm period in Norway
Authors: Lie Rolf W.
Published: October 2024

Bone material excavated in 1954 at a cave on the island of Sandsøya, Sunnmøre, W. Norway is described. The material consists of c. 70 000 bones, including 124 species of birds, and has been dated to c. 6600 to 3600 years B. P. The find is unique in Norway as regards the variety of bird species identified. The climate and environment prevailing in this period are discussed in relation to the habitat requirements of the various species.
Susceptibility and resistance of brook lamprey, Lampetra planeri (Bloch), roach, Rutilus rutilus (L.) and perch, Perca fluviatilis L. to Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg (Monogenea)
Authors: Bakke Tor A. , Jansen Peder A. , Brabrand Åge
Published: October 2024

The susceptibility and resistance of brook lamprey, Lampetra planeri, roach Rutilus rutilus and perch, Perca fluviatilis to Gyrodactylus salaris were examined. The level of resistance to the parasite was assessed from counts, made on anaesthetized hosts, of the numbers of G. salaris after an initial experimental exposure to salmon infected with G. salaris. The results of four experiments carried out at constant temperature (11.5°C). and decreasing temperatures (11.5°C - 0.7°C), demonstrated that G. salaris attached to the potential hosts but showed no sign of reproduction. The parasites were eliminated within 2 - 4 days. The three host species tested were clearly highly resistant to G. salaris. The restricted attachment frequency and resistance observed, indicate that these fish species play an insignificant role in the dissemination of the parasite.
Surface and submerging intervals in minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata, diving cycles
Authors: Lydersen Christian , Øritsland Nils Are
Published: October 2024

Information on surface and diving intervals of minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata were sampled in the Lofoten-Vesterålen area, Norway. Data from 29 different solitary whales performing a total of 351 diving cycles were collected. The mean time of the diving intervals was 108s±95s (range 7-380 s), and the period spent in surface position 3.4s±0.3s. The whales are visible in surface position in 3.1% of the total time. This information should be considered when designing and/or evaluating results from sighting surveys for estimating minke whale stock sizes.
The oestrous cycle in the Norwegian lemming Lemmus lemmus (L.)
Authors: Ellefsen Svein , Semb-Johansson Arne
Published: October 2024

In vaginal smears of Norwegian lemmings swelling of leucocytes was prevented by quickly drying the effluent using a hairdryer. The mean length of the oestrous cycle in captive lemmings was 5.6 days. About half of the animals rarely cycled and some spent the 2 weeks test-period in constant oestrus or dioestrus. It is suggested that the Norwegian lemming, like many microtines, is an induced ovulator, but that the system is flexible and modulated by social and other external stimuli.
Changes in survival of Cattle Bos taurus in Trondheim during the Medieval period
Authors: Lie Rolf T. , Lie Rolf W.
Published: October 2024

In the present study excavated bone material of Bos taurus from the Medieval City of Trondheim is used to investigate the slaughtering practice throughout the period from the 11th century to the 15th. The distribution of the proportion of bones with non-fused epiphyses in different bones gives information about the age-distribution of the animals. A method for estimation of survival curves, based on logistic regression, is proposed, and the density function is derived. We find that the slaughtering of young calves was reduced from the 11th century to early in the 14th century. Then, in the period just after the Black Death, the slaughtering of young calves increased, but it did not reach the high level of the 11th century.
Notes on Norwegian marine Amphipoda 11. Ceradocus torelli (Goes, 1866), a new amphipod for Norway
Authors: Vader Wim , Krarup Leth Niels
Published: October 2024

Several specimens of the circumpolar melitid amphipod Ceradocus torelli (Goes, 1866) were found in stomachs of cod Gadus morhua in Stålvikbotn, N. Norway. These are the first records of this large and spectacular amphipod from Norwegian waters.
BANKACILIKTA YAPAY ZEKA UYGULAMALARININ GELENEKSEL BANKACILIK ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Demirel Dr.öğretim Üyesi Serkan
Published: October 2024

Araştırmanın amacı, yapay zekâ uygulamalarının bankacılık üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmektir. Çalışmada bankacılık değişkeni olarak şube başına düşen nüfus (SNS), yapay zekâ değişkenleri olarak Co-Browsing (CO) ve IVN-IVR Sesli Yanıt Sistemi (IVN) değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Değişkenlere ait gözlemler çeyrek dönemlik olarak 2012 1.çeyreği ile 2022 4.çeyreği arasında toplanarak veri seti oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre şube başına düşen nüfus ile Co-Browsing değişkeni arasında %1 anlamlılık düzeyinde anlamlı negatif/pozitif ve oldukça şiddetli/orta düzeyde bir korelasyon ilişkisi görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan şube başına düşen nüfus ile sesli yanıt sistemi arasındaki korelasyon ilişkisi %1 anlamlılık düzeyinde anlamlı, pozitif ve orta altı şiddette iken, söz konusu değişkenin negatif şokları ile negatif ve yüksek derece %1 anlamlılık düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, pozitif şokları ile pozitif ve orta üzeri %1 anlamlılık düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı korelasyonel ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Eşbütünleşme ilişkisi doğrultusunda uzun dönem katsayıları incelendiğinde Co-Browsing değişkeninin şube başına düşen nüfus değişkeni üzerinde uzun dönemde %1 anlamlılık düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu durumda Co-Browsing değişkenindeki %1’lik bir artışın/azalışın şube başına düşen nüfus değişkeni değişkeninde %0.024 bir azalışa/artışa sebebiyet verdiği söylenebilir. Bu iki değişken arasında kısa dönemli anlamlı bir ilişkinin saptanamadığı tespit edilmiştir. Eşbütünleşme ilişkisi doğrultusunda uzun dönem katsayıları incelendiğinde Sesli Yanıt Sistemi değişkeninin şube başına düşen nüfus değişkeni üzerinde uzun dönemde %1 anlamlılık düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu durumda sesli yanı sistemi değişkenindeki %1’lik bir azalışın şube başına düşen nüfus değişkeninde %0.196 artışa sebebiyet verdiği söylenebilir.
MAKNA SIMBOL DAN ORNAMEN PADA BANGUNAN VIHARA GUNUNG TIMUR
Authors: Rudiansyah R , Yanty Dessry , Julina Julina
Published: October 2024

The title of this research was ‘The Meaning of Symbols and Ornaments in the Building of Vihara Gunung Timur’. The research problems were 1) what types of symbol and ornament are found in the building of Vihara Gunung Timur? and 2) what the meaning of symbols and ornaments found in the building of Vihara Gunung Timur?. The research used descriptive qualitative method. The theory used in the research was the theory of semiotics of Charles Sanders Peirce. The data were gathered by conducting observation, interview, and documentary study and explaining the kinds of ornament the building of Vihara Gunung Timur, and 2) the symbols and ornaments in the building of the building of Vihara Gunung Timur contained the meanings: the Symbol of Chih-wen Dragon, the Ornament of Tian Lung Dragon, the Symbol of  lion, the Symbols of Kwam-Im Goddess Statue, the Ornament of Hong Bird, the Ornamen Of Lotus, The Symbol of Paper Lantern, the Symbol of Drum, the Symbol of Peony, the Symbol of Geometry, the Ornament of Murals, the Ornamen of God of Gate, the Symbol of Koi Fish, the Symbol of Buddha Maitreya Statue, the Symbol of Buddha Sidharta Statue, The Symbol of Hok Tek Tjeng Sien Statue, the Symbol of Liu Ding Liu Jia Statue, the Symbols of Ou Sien Ku Statue, the Symbol of Ma Zu Statue, the Symbol of Cen Cing Tien Statue, and the Symbol of Ing Fu She Ce.
CHINESE NEW YEAR CANDLE BUSINESS IN TANAH GOCAP TANGERANG
Authors: Afifah Inggrid Nur
Published: October 2024

This article discusses Chinese ethnic culture in Lilin Ong business in Tanah Gocap, Tangerang. The author uses qualitative research methods, namely collecting data from the library, as well as observations and interviews with the owner of Lilin "Ong", namely Mr Antonius. Chinese New Year candles are a work of Chinese ethnicity which is considered a characteristic of cultural traditions and shows Chinese identity in Indonesia. Apart from that, the author also explains the Chinese business culture that Lilin Ong maintains. When carrying out ceremonies in Chinese cultural traditions, food is always offered, and candles are needed to perform the prayer.
MENELAAH SIKAP TOLERANSI DALAM AKULTURASI SUKU DAN AGAMA PADA ARSITEKTUR MASJID MUHAMMAD CHENG HOO
Authors: Junaeny Arini , Erma Erma , Sani Nur Fadhilah , Alrabani Ahmad , Jusmirad Muhammad
Published: October 2024

Religious tolerance is an important aspect in Indonesian society which is diverse in ethnicity, ethnicity, and religion. The results of the Kompas R&D survey show that the majority of respondents consider Indonesian society to be quite tolerant, with 72.6% of respondents believing that tolerance is still maintained. This study focuses on the Muhammad Cheng Hoo Mosque in South Sulawesi, representing the acculturation of Chinese and Islamic culture in building architecture. The research shows that this mosque reflects tolerance and peace between ethnicities and religions. Ethnic and religious communities, including non-Muslims, welcome this mosque and consider it a symbol of harmony. This emphasizes the importance of tolerance and respect for other cultures and religions. Religious leaders see this mosque as strengthening inter-ethnic and religious relations. Ethnic and religious conflicts that have occurred in history have subsided with tolerance instilled in society. This confirms that religious tolerance is the key to creating harmony in a diverse society. The results of this research also underscore the importance of a qualitative approach in understanding cultural tolerance and acculturation in the context of multi-ethnic societies. This research provides insight into how communities can live together in harmony despite cultural and religious differences.
Detection Method for Bolt Missing Pins of Transmission Line Based on Improved SSD Network
Authors: Xu Minfu , Zhuang Zhixiang , Wu Junjun
Published: October 2024

The bolt pin structure plays a role in connecting and fixing various components in transmission lines, and the pins are prone to detachment, which may lead to the disintegration of key components and cause serious consequences. The bolt pin target size in the transmission line inspection image is small, the background is complex, and the detection effect using traditional object detection algorithms is poor. This article proposes a method for detecting missing bolts in transmission lines based on an improved SSD (Single Shot MultiBox Detector) network. Using the traditional SSD network as the foundation, a feature fusion module is first added to the network to enrich the semantic information of low-level feature maps and the detail information of high-level feature maps through the mutual fusion of high-level and low-level feature maps. Secondly, embedding a channel attention mechanism module enhances the channel features corresponding to the bolt pin structure and suppresses channel features that are irrelevant to the background; At the same time, the introduction of Focal Loss loss function reduces the unevenness of positive and negative sample classification. Finally, experiments were conducted on the collected bolt missing pin detection dataset, and the results showed that the method proposed in this paper has good performance in detecting missing pins, and the detection accuracy has been significantly improved.
The sevoflurane concentration for light sedation in critically ill patients: A protocol for experimental study
Authors: Jitpakdee Wilasinee , Pisitsak Chawika , Morakul Sunthiti , Thertchanakun Sahawat , Petnak Tananchai
Published: October 2024

Background: Deep-inhaled sedation is increasingly used in Thai ICUs. However,
there is a lack of information regarding the level of end-tidal sevoflurane concentration
during light sedation.

Objectives: The study aims to determine the effective dose (ED50 and ED95) of
sevoflurane concentration for light sedation (RASS score -1 to 0) in mechanically
ventilated critically ill patients.

Methods: This is a prospective experimental single-center study. Mechanically
ventilated patients with RASS ≥ 1 who required sedation in the medical and
surgical intensive care unit were enrolled. Using an up-and-down sequential
allocation technique, the inhaled sevoflurane level of each patient was allocated
based on the previous patient’s response. RASS score and hemodynamic
parameters were monitored. The primary outcome was the ED50 and ED 95
of end-tidal sevoflurane concentration. The secondary outcomes included the
length of intensive care unit stay, duration of ventilator day, the incidence of
delirium, hemodynamic status, and respiratory variables changed during the
study period.

Hypothesis: There exist specific end-tidal sevoflurane concentrations (ED50
and ED95) that will reliably induce a target RASS score of -1 to 0 in critically ill
patients who are mechanically ventilated.

Conclusion: This study will provide an effective dose of inhaled sevoflurane sedation
for achieving targeted light sedation levels in critically ill patients, which
may have minimal effects on hemodynamics.

Ethics and dissemination: This study has been approved by the Office of Human
Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital,
Mahidol University, Thailand, on 22nd May 2023 (COA.MURA2023/390).

Trial registration: TCTR20230825001
On 𝜓Ν𝐶- Operator in Neutrosophic Crisp Topological Spaces
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Kerbala, Iraq, Ghassan Ghassan ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Babylon, Iraq,   Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Kerbala, Iraq,   Department of Mathematics, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Kerbala, Iraq, Jabar L. A. A. , Rasheed Ihsan M. , Ali Reyadh D.
Published: October 2024

The research started from Salama's generalization to both ideal and local function through NCSs. We presented some results and properties to reinforce the concept of the generalized local function, which though its properties was used to deduce the properties of the 𝜓Ν𝐶- operator that we generalized through NCSS.
Research on Equity Policies in Public Education for Learning DisabilitiesTaking China, America and Britain as Examples
Authors: Hou Xinru
Published: October 2024

With the recovery and development of the global economy, the quality of life worldwide continues to improve, and the demand for public infrastructure such as medical care and education services is becoming more and more vigorous. Medical development and progress have made studying the brain and neurological fields more thorough, and learning disabilities have gradually entered the public eyesight. As a special group, people with learning disabilities are not widely accepted and recognized in the scope of public education. Thus, education must support the development of this virtue cycle through educational fairness policies, as it is a public resource. Based on the existing education policies on learning disabilities in China, the United States, and the United Kingdom, this paper analyzes these policies and puts forward education policy suggestions from four aspects: the education policy formulation system, the education collaborative service system, the education accountability evaluation system, and the education funding service system.Among China, the United Kingdom, and the United States, the first two are based on the improvement of basic policies, focusing on the construction of education collaborative services and education accountability evaluation systems, respectively. The latter focuses on the improvement of education policy.
The Future of Generative AI: Copyright and Infringement Issues
Authors: Xing Jiaji
Published: October 2024

Rapid advancements in generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI) have sparked a global revolution, ushering in a new era of accelerated automation that promises to upend industries, boost productivity, and potentially displace significant portions of the white- and blue-collar workforce. However, the rise of Generative AI also presents numerous challenges, particularly in the realm of copyright and infringement. The use of copyrighted works as training data for AI models has sparked fierce debates among creators, artists, writers, and programmers who object to their creations being utilized without attribution or compensation. Whether AI-generated content should be protected under copyright law is contentious, as the traditional copyright framework was designed for human creators. This paper delves into the copyright and infringement challenges posed by Generative AI, examining the legal framework, case studies, and potential solutions. It argues that a strategic approach is necessary to navigate the complexities of this rapidly evolving technology while ensuring the protection of intellectual property rights. The paper concludes by advocating for the development of comprehensive legal frameworks that balance the benefits of Generative AI with the need to safeguard creators rights.
Site Selection of Large Shopping Malls in Wanbailin District of Taiyuan City
Authors: Zhai Yukun
Published: October 2024

The construction and site selection of shopping malls are directly related to their commercial operation effectiveness and market competitiveness. Some scholars have conducted extensive research in this field, particularly achieving notable results in terms of influencing factors, methodologies, and technological applications for site selection, yet there are still some deficiencies. Traditional site selection methods primarily rely on qualitative analysis and empirical judgment. However, with technological advancements, Geographic Information System technology has gradually been applied to shopping mall site selection. GIS technology enables the integration of multiple data sources, spatial analysis, and visualization, providing a scientific basis for site selection decisions. This article utilizes ArcGIS software to construct an application model for shopping mall site selection in Wanbailin District. Through spatial analysis, eligible areas are identified, achieving a scientific and visual approach to site selection. By considering the main factors affecting the location of large shopping malls in Wanbailin District and using ArcGIS as the basic platform, an application model is built to find the optimal location for building shopping malls. The results show that introducing GIS into mall location planning improves efficiency and accuracy while providing a reliable basis for scientific location.
Comparison Between English and Mandarin Vowel Systems and the Challenges for Chinese Learners of English
Authors: Shi Yiliu
Published: October 2024

In contemporary China, learning English has been considered as a must for almost all students, with the pronunciation acquisition usually being the initial focus. Among the phonetic elements, the mastery of vowel pronunciation is particularly crucial in that vowels are an essential element of language. Due to its great importance, numerous studies have comparatively analyzed the English and Mandarin vowel systems and experimentally listed the challenges Chinese English learners may face. Based on these analysis, feasible measures to handle the problems posed for Chinese learners are proposed. This paper collects and concludes logically the main discoveries and theories that have been raised by former scholars, with the aim of clearly presenting the disparities between the vowel systems of the two languages, illustrating the difficulties those differences may bring about, and sharing some approaches in which teachers can help their students to get out of the way. Despite the similarities and differences between the two vowel systems, which can lead to pronunciation errors, strategies such as meticulous comparison and immediate correction can aid students in getting rid of these obstacles. Therefore, this paper is of significant value in elucidating the difficulties encountered by Chinese students in learning English pronunciation and in outlining effective pedagogical strategies for teaching pronunciation.
Anxiety, Dilemma and Transcendence - The Case of Lilly's Drawing Process
Authors: Du Xinyi
Published: October 2024

In Virginia Woolf's classic work To the Lighthouse, although Lily is not the main character, the idea of bisexuality embodied in her makes her one of the most important objects in the study of feminist thought. This paper intends to start from the rough painting process of Lily in To the Lighthouse to discover the content of Lily beyond feminist thought. Through the study, it finds that Lili not only symbolizes the beautiful personality of bisexuality, but she is also full of anxiety and dilemmas: the dilemma of the mind when creating, the anxiety about the right of free choice, the anxiety about the meaning of life existence, and the dilemmas of communication between human beings and human beings, between human beings and the ego, and the book also puts forward the way of transcending anxiety and dilemmas. The book also suggests ways to transcend anxiety and dilemma. Through analyzing the process of Lili's painting, this paper uncovers the anxious and difficult side of Lili's image, which not only enriches the previous research on Lili's image (bisexual homoeroticism), but also further reveals her complex and varied inner spiritual world, and these discoveries provide us with a more comprehensive and in-depth perspective for understanding and interpreting this important character in this masterpiece of literature.
The Impact of the Digital Transformation of Chinese Cultural Products on Marketing and Communication Strategies
Authors: Guan Xinyu
Published: October 2024

In an era defined by globalization and rapid technological advancement, Chinas cultural industry is undergoing a significant transformation. This study investigates the profound effects of digital transformation on Chinas cultural industry, focusing on digital cultural innovation products such as digital art, virtual reality experiences, and online cultural creations. As globalization and technological advancements reshape cultural production, dissemination, and consumption, Chinas digital cultural sector has emerged as a significant global player. This research systematically reviews literature, industry reports, and case studies to analyze how Chinese digital cultural products are influencing marketing and communication strategies. The findings reveal that advancements in virtual reality, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence are leading to the creation of immersive and diverse cultural experiences, significantly enhancing consumer engagement and market reach. The study also highlights the transformative role of digital tools in marketing, including dynamic content creation and interactive experiences, while addressing challenges such as market saturation and the need for balanced engagement strategies. Future research should incorporate quantitative and qualitative data to further explore these dynamics.
Investment Portfolio with Convex Optimization and Risk Adjustment Using Multi-Factor Model and Multi-Armed Bandit Algorithm
Authors: Qiu Haiyang
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the creation of investment portfolios through convex optimization, multifactor models, and the multi-armed bandit (MAB) algorithms, focusing on the KL-UCB strategy to optimize decisions in uncertain settings. It explores the impact of systematic risk factors using the Fama-French three-factor model, estimating the influence of market, size, and value premiums via linear regression. The use of Monte Carlo simulation is detailed for generating potential asset allocations and calculating their expected returns, volatility, and Sharpe ratios. The optimize minimize function from the SciPy library is employed to construct an efficient frontier and determine optimal asset allocation, aiming to maximize returns or minimize volatility across various risk levels. The findings suggest that the strategy of dynamic weight adjustments combined with the KL-UCB algorithm enhances portfolio returns, particularly during market volatility. The research also reveals a portfolio inclination towards large-cap growth stocks due to the negative impacts of size and value premiums. It concludes that dynamic weight adjustment strategies offer significant potential in optimizing portfolio performance in complex market conditions, though leveraging increases risk and should be carefully managed according to investor risk tolerance.
Cuteness Catalyst: Fostering Pro-Social Motivation and Enhancing Donating Behaviors
Authors: Cheng Yilin
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the impact of product characteristics, specifically cuteness, on consumer pro-social motivation and donating behaviours. I predict that cute product would elicit consumers pro-social motivations and thus increase their willingness to donate. To test these hypotheses, I conducted an experiment, in which participants were presents with a scenario involving the sale of cakes for fundraising. Participants were randomly presented with either a cute cake or an ordinary cake and were asked to indicate their pro-social motivation and their willingness to buy (donate). Results indicate the cute products can evoke pro-social motivation, thereby enhancing donating behaviour. This research provides valuable insights into the dynamics of consumer donating behaviour, specifically elucidating the role of product characteristics, such as cuteness, in fostering pro-social responses.
Analysis of the Impact of China's Carbon Neutrality Policy on the Environment and Economy at Home and Abroad
Authors: Zang Zhengyang
Published: October 2024

China has made remarkable achievements in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, especially in achieving the emission reduction targets set for 2020. This progress is mainly due to China's reduced dependence on coal and other fossil fuels, which not only promotes significant improvements in air quality but also lays the foundation for the transformation of China's economic structure. Especially in the energy and industrial fields, carbon neutrality policies are driving companies to transform into greener and more sustainable operating models. Facing the economic challenges brought about by the COVID-19 epidemic, China is actively seeking a path to low-carbon economic recovery by increasing public investment in renewable energy and other fields. From an international perspective, China's carbon neutrality commitment has the potential to inspire other large carbon-emitting countries, especially countries along the Belt and Road and neighboring countries, to strengthen their emission reduction efforts. At the same time, Southeast Asian countries face shortages of technology, equipment, and raw materials, as well as insufficient investment when developing renewable energy. In this regard, Chinas experience and investment have a significant impact on Southeast Asian countries carbon neutrality policies and renewable energy development. China can use its technological and manufacturing advantages to share resources with neighboring countries in renewable energy technology and equipment manufacturing, and provide support for ASEAN countries to achieve their renewable energy goals.
Application of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Business Analytics: Innovations and Challenges
Authors: Zhou Yinbo
Published: October 2024

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) is increasingly being used in the field of business analytics (BA) and has important research significance. The main question of this study is to explore how GAI can improve the efficiency of BA and solve existing problems. Through literature review and case analysis, this paper deeply explores the application of GAI in predictive analysis, sentiment analysis and customized services, as well as its actual cases in real estate search and enterprise operations. The main conclusion is that GAI can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of BA through efficient data processing and analysis, personalized services and operational optimization. However, GAI also faces challenges such as data accuracy, copyright infringement and complexity of the generation process, which need to be addressed by enhancing content accuracy and transparency and strengthening data security measures. This paper recommends the formulation of relevant regulations to ensure the ethical use of GAI and promote the continuous improvement of technology to achieve the best application of GAI in BA.
A Comparative Study of NIFTY-50 Prediction Using Linear Regression and Regression Tree Models
Authors: Tang Yunshu
Published: October 2024

It is important for investors to predict the tendency of stock. However, the stock market fluctuation is too hard to predict. A single stock may be inflected by many elements, so it would be much more feasible to study a stock index. A stock index may be decided by many stocks, which means that it would not be effected by some only one company. In this passage, NIFTY-50 would be analyzed to make a prediction. The linear regression and regression tree are used to predict the close price of NIFTY-50. To make sure the data size is big enough, the data includes the price from 2000 to 2021. By comparing two models, a proper model to predict stock index would be found. After the comparison of the MSE and R square index, it is easy to find that the regression tree is the model much more reliable. However, there is still long way to go before researchers find way to predict stock price precisely.
Facilitating Capability: iSAP – A Novel Pedagogical Intervention
Authors: Schliephake Kirsten , Gasevic Danijela , Heinrich Liesl , Ilic Dragan , Williams Imelda , Baird Marilyn
Published: October 2024

This study explores the educational impact, as perceived by students, of an innovative, online context-rich case-based learning assessment and reflection framework known as integrating Science and Practice (iSAP). The study draws on a cross-sectional study conducted from 2018 to 2020 for students in units of study where an iSAP case was used as one assessment method. The voluntary survey was administered via the university’s learning management system at the end of each academic year (Semester 2). The 19 self-rating questions were presented as counts and percentages. The difference in item responses between undergraduate and postgraduate students was explored using chi-squared tests. We observed that the majority of students perceived iSAP as a well-rounded framework that helped them apply knowledge and skills to real-life situations, improved their understanding of study material and helped them develop evidence-based reasoning, critical thinking and reflective analysis skills. We also observed that postgraduate students, compared to their undergraduate counterparts, were more likely to agree with statements related to the authenticity of the iSAP case as well as the benefits of iSAP to individual learning, further engagement in research to extend their knowledge and development of their evidence-based reasoning skills and critical thinking skills. We conclude that iSAP is an innovative case-based learning and assessment approach to facilitate preparation for professional and clinical capability. Further research is required to determine the impact of student professional maturity and how this may impact upon students’ perception and adaptation of the reflective component of the iSAP framework.