bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Habitat Risk Assessment Ekosistem Pesisir dan Habitat Penyu Hijau di Ujung Genteng Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Kusumawati Lia , Handawati Rayuna , Agusman Ridho , Maulana Amelia Putri
Published: August 2024

Wilayah pesisir memiliki ekosistem penting yang bernilai tinggi yang bermanfaat bagi kehidupan manusia. Kompetisi aktivitas di wilayah pesisir jika dibiarkan dapat menyebabkan konflik, kerusakan dan penurunan kualitas ekosistem dan habitat pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megidentifikasi area ekosistem dan habitat penyu hijau yang beresiko terdampak aktivitas manusia di Ujung Genteng Kabupaten Sukabumi. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah dengan model InVest (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) yaitu Habitat Risk Assessment. Habitat Risk Assessment dapat membantu memberikan rekomendasi bagi para pengambil kebijakan untuk menentukan area prioritas yang perlu dilindungi atau sebaliknya dikembangkan secara ekonomi, serta menentukan strategi yang tepat dalam pengelolaan pesisir dan laut. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, teridentifikasi bahwa habitat penyu hijau merupakan habitat yang memiliki resiko paling tinggi terdampak dari aktivitas manusia di Ujung Genteng Kabupaten Sukabumi. Total luasan habitat penyu hijau di area pantai yang memiliki resiko sangat tinggi dan tinggi masing – masing sebesar 26,43% dan 31,80% dari total luasan habitat penyu hijau. Ekosistem lamun memiliki resiko paling rendah terdampak aktivitas manusia, dinyatakan dengan persentase resiko sangat rendah paling besar dibandingkan ekosistem lainnya, yaitu 27,76% dan persentase resiko rendah sebesar 22,30% dari total luasan ekosistem lamun. Aktivitas manusia yang dominan memberikan resiko terhadap kerusakan dan keberlanjutan ekosistem pesisir dan habitat penyu hijau di Ujung Genteng mencakup penangkapan benur lobster, wisata pesisir, surfing, dan ekowisata. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu adanya perencanaan ruang pesisir dan laut yang tepat, khususnya terkait pengaturan ketentuan aktivitas di pesisir dan laut agar ekositem dan habitat penyu hijau di Ujung Genteng Kabupaten Sukabumi tetap terjaga keberlanjutannya.
Analisis Sebaran Tingkat Kelembapan Tanah terhadap Lahan Sawah di Kabupaten Pati Menggunakan Citra Landsat 8 dan 9
Authors: Rahmah Izzah Zakiyatur , Prasetyo Yudo , Bashit Nurhadi
Published: August 2024

Informasi kelembapan tanah sangat penting karena berkaitan dengan optimalisasi penggunaan lahan sawah yang dapat berdampak pada aktivitas bercocok tanam. Lahan sawah Kabupaten Pati tersebar pada wilayah dataran tinggi, dataran rendah, dan daerah dekat dengan pesisir yang menunjukkan tingkat kelembapan tanah berbeda-beda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat sejauh mana identifikasi kelembapan tanah menggunakan citra dan bagaimana sebaran kelembapan tanah pada lahan sawah di Kabupaten Pati. Pendugaan kondisi kelembapan tanah menggunakan algoritma Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) dengan memanfaatkan gelombang NIR (Near Infrared) dan SWIR (Shortwave Infrared). Hasil pengolahan citra menunjukkan tingkat kelembapan tanah di Kabupaten Pati selalu kering di Pati bagian selatan pada musim kemarau di mana sesuai dengan faktor yang memengaruhi yaitu jarak dari sungai serta curah hujan yang ada. Dilakukan validasi lapangan dengan hygrometer sebanyak 83 dari 84 titik sesuai dengan kondisi kelembapan tanah sebenarnya. Hasil regresi linier sederhana diperoleh koefisien determinasi (Multiple R-Squared) sebesar 72%, sehingga algoritma NDMI dapat digunakan mendeteksi kelembapan tanah dalam lahan sawah. Perlu diperhatikan tekait waktu penelitian tidak hanya pada musim kemarau saja dan menyesuaikan kalender tanam pada lahan sawah.
Kajian Ketelitian Ekstraksi Otomatis Atap Bangunan Hasil Foto Udara (Studi Kasus Perumahan Gedang Asri Baru, Semarang)
Authors: Wardhana Firdaus Mulya , Prasetyo Yudo , Sasmito Bandi
Published: August 2024

Pekerjaan ekstraksi bangunan masih didominasi oleh metode konvensional yang memakan waktu lama, sehingga penting untuk menjelajahi metode alternatif yang cepat dan akurat untuk menyelesaikan tugas ini. Penelitian ini menyajikan investigasi terhadap metode cepat dan akurat untuk ekstraksi bangunan secara otomatis di kawasan permukiman. Metode ini memanfaatkan citra ortomosaik sebagai dasar klasifikasi ekstraksi bangunan. Klasifikasi berbasis objek (OBIA) di dalam eCognition digunakan dengan melakukan segmentasi metode multiresolusi untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal. Akurasi klasifikasi berbasis OBIA diuji secara geometris terhadap representasi digital dari desain atap rumah yang ada berdasarkan survei lapangan dengan metode RTK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan akurasi ekstraksi otomatis sebesar 87%, memenuhi standar ketepatan yang ditetapkan oleh Peraturan Kepala Badan Informasi Geospasial Nomor 15 Tahun 2014 untuk bangunan, yaitu 85%. Ekstraksi otomatis menggunakan OBIA dapat menjadi alternatif yang efektif untuk ekstraksi bangunan. Penelitian mendatang dapat meningkatkan variabel OBIA dengan data resolusi tinggi atau LiDAR untuk meningkatkan lagi akurasi ekstraksi dan memperluas cakupan penelitian.
Monitoring Potensi Kekeringan di Kabupaten Grobogan Menggunakan Penginderaan Jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografis
Authors: Farah Ulayya Nisrina , Prasetyo Yudo , Bashit Nurhadi
Published: August 2024

Musim kemarau di Indonesia menyebabkan kekeringan di beberapa daerah seperti Kabupaten Grobogan yang pada tahun 2021 ditandai oleh kelangkaan air dan kekeringan wilayah pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi potensi kekeringan di wilayah Kabupaten Grobogan menggunakan penginderaan jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dengan beberapa parameter seperti TVDI (Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index), curah hujan, tutupan lahan, jenis tanah, hidrogeologi, dan jarak dari sungai dan irigasi. Setiap parameter tersebut dilakukan overlay, skoring, dan pembobotan yang menghasilkan peta potensi kekeringan dengan kelas rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pola dan sebaran potensi kekeringan dengan hasil potensi kekeringan di Grobogan didominasi oleh kelas sedang, pada tahun 2021 seluas 81% dan meningkat menjadi 82%. Pada tahun 2021, potensi kekeringan kelas tinggi seluas 4,02% meliputi sekitar Kecamatan Kedungjati dan Grobogan. Pada tahun 2022, potensi kekeringan kelas tinggi meningkat menjadi 7,08% meliputi sekitar Kecamatan Kedungjati dan Brati. Hasil tahun 2021 dan 2022 menunjukkan bahwa pola persebaran potensi kekeringan dengan kelas tinggi berada di bagian Barat dan Utara Grobogan. Hasil potensi kekeringan yang diperoleh dilakukan proses validasi lapangan dan didapatkan tingkat akurasi pada tahun 2021 dan 2022 sebesar 89%.
Kajian Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Jenisnya di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Achmad Rifky Faisal , Dharmono Fatih Akmal Al Ayyubi , Hidayat Bagus Nur , Adji Tjahyo Nugroho
Published: August 2024

Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) merupakan komponen yang penting bagi sebuah kawasan perkotaan. RTH memiliki berbagai fungsi di antaranya fungsi ekonomi, biofisik, ekologis arsitektural, dan sosial, serta mengurangi beban emisi perkotaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi luas RTH dan jenisnya di Kota Yogyakarta menurut UU No. 26 Tahun 2007 dan Permen PU No. 5 Tahun 2008. RTH terbagi menjadi 4 jenis yaitu RTH pekarangan, RTH taman dan hutan kota, RTH jalur hijau jalan, dan RTH dengan fungsi tertentu. Metode yang digunakan yakni ArcMap Image sebagai sumber data dan pengklasifikasi RTH dilakukan melalui deleniasi on screen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RTH di Kota Yogyakarta mempunyai luasan 18,6% dari luas keseluruhan Kota Yogyakarta. Persentase dari RTH berturut-turut adalah RTH pekarangan seluas 14,33%, RTH taman dan hutan kota seluas 1,24%, RTH sepanjang jalan seluas 1,54%, dan RTH dengan fungsi tertentu seluas 1,59%. Luasan RTH yang tersedia di Kota Yogyakarta masih berada di bawah standar sebesar 30%, sehingga diperlukan upaya baik dari pemerintah dan masyarakat untuk memperluas dan mempertahankan RTH yang ada.
Analisis Curah Hujan Dominan Desa Ciputri: Risiko Bencana Hidroklimatologi
Authors: Yuningsih Yuningsih , Manessa Masita Dwi Mandini , Setiadi Hafid
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola curah hujan dominan di Desa Ciputri, Kecamatan Pacet, Cianjur, Jawa Barat, dengan pendekatan yang holistik. Melibatkan data curah hujan harian dari stasiun BMKG Pasir Sarongge selama periode 2010-2023 dan data reanalisis yang diambil melalui website POWER NASA. Penelitian ini juga akan menggali perspektif masyarakat setempat melalui wawancara langsung. Metode analisis spasial menggunakan ArcGIS akan diterapkan untuk memahami distribusi spasial curah hujan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa curah hujan dominan di daerah ini adalah hujan ringan sebesar 73,1%, sementara hujan sedang dan lebat masing-masing mencapai 11,5%. Selain itu, mayoritas warga mengalami dampak ekstrim dari hujan lebat, dan adanya perubahan pola cuaca, khususnya pada tahun 2023. Rekomendasi penelitian mencakup perhatian terhadap potensi peningkatan hujan ekstrim, pemahaman dampaknya terhadap masyarakat, serta perencanaan strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi bencana terkait cuaca ekstrim.
Pemetaan Tingkat Bahaya Erosi di Desa Ciputri
Authors: Anggara Rifnaldi Bergas , Manessa Masita Dwi Mandini , Setiadi Hafid
Published: August 2024

Erosi tanah merupakan masalah serius yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan produktivitas lahan pertanian dan berbagai dampak lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat bahaya erosi dan total erosi di Desa Ciputri. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, tingkat bahaya erosi di Desa Ciputri didominasi oleh kategori ringan dan sedang, dengan kategori sangat berat atau berat yang lebih sedikit, menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan lahan di kawasan tersebut masih relatif baik dan ditandai dengan erosi yang minimal. Namun, perlu diingat bahwa risiko erosi tergolong sedang, sehingga pengelolaan lahan pada kategori ini memerlukan pengelolaan yang cermat, terutama pada lahan dengan kemiringan curam hingga sangat curam. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa nilai total erosi untuk Desa Ciputri adalah sebesar 26.115,99 ton/ha/th. Metode RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) digunakan untuk memprediksi tingkat erosi, dan hasilnya dapat digunakan untuk identifikasi daerah kritis erosi serta pengembangan rekomendasi praktik konservasi tanah yang tepat. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi yang berguna bagi pengelolaan dan perencanaan penggunaan lahan lestari. Salah satu solusi yang disarankan adalah rehabilitasi kawasan kritis dengan menggunakan tanaman penutup tanah dan tanaman keras.
Nilai Wana Wisata Bedengan berdasarkan Perspektif Wisatawan dalam Mendukung Sustainable Tourism
Authors: Atikawati Dini , Sudaryanti Sri , Hidayati Bunga
Published: August 2024

Wana Wisata Bedengan merupakan salah satu objek wisata di Kabupaten Malang yang memiliki keindahan alam berupa hutan dan sungai. Kunjungan wisatawan membawa dampak positif dan negatif. Dampak negatif merupakan ancaman dalam mewujudkan pariwisata berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis profil wisatawan dan nilai Wana Wisata Bedengan berdasarkan perspektif wisatawan. Metode penelitian, yaitu metode deskriptif kuantitatif menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dan skala likert. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner kepada 100 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil wisatawan Wana Wisata Bedengan didominasi oleh wisatawan berjenis kelamin perempuan dengan persentase sebanyak 53%, kelompok usia dewasa (20-44 tahun) sebanyak 72%, tingkat pendidikan SMA/SMK sebanyak 58%, jenis pekerjaan karyawan swasta dan pelajar atau mahasiswa sebanyak 39%, asal dari luar Malang Raya sebanyak 56%, memiliki tujuan jalan-jalan sebanyak 39%, dan lama waktu berkunjung sekitar 2-6 jam sebanyak 74%. Nilai Wana Wisata Bedengan berdasarkan perspektif wisatawan didominasi oleh nilai moral dan nilai estetika dengan skor 3,5 yang berarti “Penting-Sangat Penting”. Sedangkan nilai yang paling rendah, yaitu nilai ekonomi dengan skor 2,9 yang berarti “Kurang Penting-Penting”. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa wisatawan memiliki perspektif positif yang dapat mendukung terwujudnya sustainable tourism.
Menentukan Jenis Bencana Prioritas pada Level Kabupaten: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Kulon Progo
Authors: Malawani Mukhamad Ngainul , Rachmadan Firdaus Alif , Rahim Ariqonitahanif Putri , Hibatullah Muhammad Fikri , Ningsih Renny Laksmita , Yoga Aldhila Gusta H. , Handayani Tiara
Published: August 2024

Indonesia adalah negara dengan variasi jenis ancaman bencana yang sangat beragam. Jenis bencana hidrometeorologis seperti banjir dan cuaca ekstrim adalah yang paling mendominasi. Pada level kabupaten/kota, jenis bencana hidrometeorologis tidak selalu menjadi yang dominan karena pengaruh faktor karakateristik lokal wilayah. Untuk mempersiapkan rencana aksi penanggulanangan bencana, maka tingkat urgensi penanganan bencana perlu untuk ditentukan, salah satunya melalui identifikasi jenis bencana prioritas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan langah penentuan bencana prioritas menggunakan metode matriks yang terdiri dari tiga variabel yaitu frekuensi bencana, jiwa terpapar, dan luas wilayah terdampak. Data dari InaRISK dan BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) digunakan sebagai dasar untuk menghitung kelas dari setiap variabel tersebut. Kabupaten Kulon Progo dijadikan sebagai lokasi sampel kajian dalam penelitian ini. Dari hasil analisis, kabupaten ini memiliki dua jenis bencana prioritas, yaitu longsor dan banjir. Metode yang diusulkan ini adalah metode kualitatif yang cukup efektif dan cepat untuk menentukan jenis bencana prioritas di level kabupaten
Geotourism Contribution to Sustainable Develeopment in Ranah Minang Silokek Geopark Sijunjung District
Authors: Indrizal Edi , Irwandi Ade , Ermayanti Ermayanti , Rahmaini Indah Sari , Yuswir Benny Dwifa , AP Zefnihan
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to shed light on the significant contribution of tourism development in the geopark area, particularly through the concept of geotourism. The Ranah Minang Silokek geopark area in Sijunjung Regency is a treasure trove of attractions and developed destinations in geodiversity, biodiversity, and cultural diversity. While tourism, in general, can foster a sustainable life, cultural tourism, and cultural heritage can have a significant positive and negative impact on people's lives. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the extent of the contribution of sustainable tourism development through geotourism in Silokek Geopark. This research, conducted through qualitative methods and a narrative approach, aims to develop the objects in Silokek as geotourism based on sustainable tourism development. Data collection was carried out through interviews with management and the observation of geological objects and FGDs with stakeholders. Data analysis was done through a Stepwise Forward approach. The findings reveal that the development of geotourism can have a profound positive impact, not only supporting economic growth for the local community and government but also serving as a foundation for efforts to preserve and protect landscapes and geology, the main essence of the Silokek geopark. This research aims to shift the perspective that geotourism is the antithesis of mass tourism, and instead, highlight its contribution to the principles of geoparks (Unesco Global Geoparks Network).
Cytotoxic Effect of Cassia Fistula Extracts Combined with Anticancer Drug on Human Colon Cancer Cells
Authors:   Department of Basic Science - College of Dentistry / University of Thi-Qar, Al-Muswie Rana , Al-Omer Dheyaa ,   Department of Medicine - College of Medicine / University of Thi-Qar, Ghaleb Rana ,   Department of Human Anatomy - College of Medicine / University of Babylon, Iraq
Published: August 2024

According to scientific studies, combining particular antioxidants in set quantities with some chemotherapy treatments may increase therapeutic efficacy or lessen the severity of side effects. A pleiotropic phytochemical from the Fabacaceae family is called cassia fistula. Although, The current study evaluated the anticancer properties of Cassia fistula in combination with Cisplatin on the colorectal cancer cell line LS47T. LS47T colorectal cancer cells were exposed to C. f. extract, and the results showed that this drastically decreased cell viability in a dose and time dependent manner. Additionally, cells treated with 480 g/ml of Cassia fistula extract had lower viability. Treatment with 120 or 240 mg/kg C.f extract reduced tumor growth, according to in vivo experiments. Due to the study's results, cisplatin alone did not have the same therapeutic impact on colorectal cancer as a combination of plant extract and cisplatin. are required to determine the chemical makeup of the active substances. The findings of this study could aid in the creation of innovative and effective methods for treating colon cancer in humans.
Depression and Anxiety Among Visually Impaired Population During Covid 19 Crisis in Mosul City
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ninevah  Iraq, Al-jumaily Dhelal , Adeeb Ghada ,   Ibn Sina Teaching Hospital of Mosul  Iraq
Published: August 2024

COVID 19 pandemic was really tough for blind and visually impaired people because they are most likely to complain from depression, anxiety and they are most likely to get severe acute respiratory infections Aim: to assess depressive and anxiety disorders among visually impaired population and try to find how to advice and treat them. Material and Method: It’s a case series study, the sample was 24 person of the visitors to Um Al Rabeain institution for blind and visually impaired people they were gathered during repeated visits between 28th of June to the 28th of July 2022, after their verbal consent they were assessed by Hamilton scales for depression and anxiety. Inclusion all visitors of the institution during this period of time, while those with mental retardation or severely ill were excluded Results: High degree of depression (62.5%) also anxiety (58.3%)revealed in this population. Conclusion: depression with anxiety both widely noticed in this population, efforts must be forwarded to improve quality of their live.
Impact of Adulteration and Thermal Treatment on the Quality of Ethiopian Honey
Authors:   Department of Food Science and Process Engineering, Arba Minch University  Ethiopia, 21, Hameed Omar
Published: August 2024

Abstract— By comparing honey collected from local markets and commercially recognized honey samples from supermarkets to national and international standards, this study aimed to determine the quality and degree of adulteration. A total of eight samples were acquired, consisting of one supplemented sample from a grocery store, six supplements from the neighborhood market, and one supplement from the beekeeper. In evaluating the quantity and grade of adulteration in these samples, thirteen criteria were applied. Ash (0.05–0.74), diastase activity (0.31– 18.7DN), HMF (25.5–1036mg/kg), proline content (19.3- 580.9mg/kg), moisture content (18.7–25 percent), conductivity (0.2–0.8ms/cm), Ph (3.77–4.09), free acidity (28–72meq/Kg), reducing sugar (55–68.9 percent), sucrose content (2.35–17.3 percent), TSS (74.5–79.6 0Brix), and TS (75-81.3 percent) were the parameters that were measured within the specified ranges. Copper, zinc, and iron were all found in every sample, with concentrations ranging from 0.02-0.1 ppm, 0.02-0.16 ppm, and 0.031-0.12 ppm, respectively, among the six trace and heavy elements examined. In contrast to the other samples, the one taken straight from a beekeeper is of high enough quality to pass both national and international honey quality tests.
Exploiting Vpusm 8 Lytic Phage for The Bio- Control of V. Cholerae: A Novel Approach Against Cholera in The Era of Antibiotic Resistance
Authors:   Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology for Postgraduate Studies/ Baghdad Universityil  Iraq, Al Fendi Ali
Published: August 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Vibriophage Universiti Sains Malaysia 8 (VPUSM 8), a bacteriophage that destroys bacteria, in managing the proliferation of Vibrio cholerae, specifically the El Tor serotype, as an alternate therapeutic strategy. Methods: The study entailed subjecting water samples from Kelantan, Malaysia, to reproduce the natural circumstances that promote the growth of V. cholerae. Subsequently, the samples were contaminated with the V. cholerae O1 El Tor Inaba strain and treated using VPUSM 8. The study employed a controlled experimental design, wherein the samples were divided into three groups, each experiencing different treatment methods. Quantifying the number of colony-forming units (CFUs) and plaque-forming units (PFUs) using serial dilution methods and agar plate cultures was part of the evaluation of VPUSM 8. Results: The study showed a notable decrease in V. cholerae populations in the groups treated with phages compared to the control group. The group that got an additional dose of VPUSM 8 had a more significant reduction in bacterial count. Conclusion: This work emphasises the potential of phage therapy, specifically VPUSM 8, as a practical approach to controlling cholera, particularly the El Tor Inaba strain of V. cholerae.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Screening of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated from a Sample of Patients with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq, Al – Rubaye Talib , Mahamoud Samia ,   College of Biotechnology, Al-Nahrain University, Jadriyah, Baghdad, Iraq, Ibrahim Aida ,   Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq, AL-Rubaye Dalal ,   Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: August 2024

The bacteria Escherichia coli is the most common community-acquired urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogen, which is responsible for 75%–95% of cases, and due to the extensive use of β-lactam antibiotics in clinical cases, Extended- spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli have emerged. This study was done to isolate and identify Escherichia coli in a sample of Iraqi patients with a community- acquired urinary tract infection (CA-UTIs), the ESBL-producing E. coli was characterized phenotypically and genotypically. About 120 urine samples were collected from September 2022 to February 2023 from UTI patients including males and females. The isolates were tested against 17 antibiotics by using the disc diffusion method. The double disc synergy test (DDST) was used to identify ESBL-producing E. coli isolates among the isolates. ESBL-producing E. coli isolates were tested to characterize the predominant beta-lactamase genes by real-time PCR using specific primers for encoding genes (TEM, CMY, SHV, and CTX- M). Out of 120 cases, the total isolated E. coli was (36) 30%. Sensitivity tests against 17 antibiotics showed high resistance to Rifampin (97.8%), Neomycin (97.4%), Ceftazidime (96.8%), Piperacillin (92.09%), Cefotaxime (91.73%), Ceftriaxone (90.32%) and Ciprofloxacin (89%). Whereas, a high degree of susceptibility among the tested isolates was toward Meropenem (82.73 %), then Imipenem (79.58%) followed by Cefoxitin (79.58%). The double disc synergy test (DDST) was used to identify ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. Out of 36 isolates, 9 (25%) showed positive DDST results and were thus identified as ESBL producers. A Real-time PCR assay showed, that 6 (66.6%) isolates out of 9 had blaTEM + blaCMY + blaSHV + blaCTX-a and blaCTX- b, and 2 (22.2) isolates had had blaTEM + blaCMY + blaCTX-a and blaCTX-b, and One isolate 1 (11.1%) had blaTEM + blaCMY + blaCTX-a. The drugs of choice among the resistant isolates in our tested group were meropenem, imipenem, and cefoxitin.
Cathelicidin (LL37) in Metabolic Syndrome Patients in Mosul City
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Ahmed Ahmed , Alkataan Muhammad ,   Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ninevah, Shetawi Asmaa ,   Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Mosul
Published: August 2024

Abstract—Background: LL37 exhibits a salient role in the innate immunity. This study tried to assess mRNA expression of LL37 in patients with metabolic syndrome and correlate it to different parameters. Methods and Results: The study included 50 patients with metabolic syndrome and 50 control subjects. LL37, VDR and IL6 mRNA relative expression was measured using qPCR for all subjects. BMI, total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and HbA1c were estimated. Patients’ parameters were correlated using Pearson correlation with LL37 mRNA relative expression. Results Showed a significant down regulation of both blood LL37 and VDR mRNA relative expression among patients compared to controls (P-value <0.0001). While Patients IL6 mRNA relative expression significantly upregulated (p-value <0.0001). BMI, HbA1c, total serum cholesterol, and serum triglyceride showed a significant higher concentration among patients than controls (p-value <0.0001) for each parameter. Serum vitamin D and HDL-cholesterol were significantly lower among patients with P-value <0.0001 and = 0.0005 respectively. The LL37 mRNA relative expression was significantly correlated with VDR mRNA relative expression r was 0.636 and P-value was 0.0006. IL6 mRNA expression, BMI, HbA1c, serum total cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum HDL-cholesterol and serum vitamin D didn't show a significant correlation with the LL37 mRNA relative expression. Conclusion: Patients with MTS has a significant lower blood mRNA relative expression of LL37 in comparison to control, which significantly correlated with blood VDR mRNA relative expression, but not correlated with the other patients’ parameters.
Molecular Identification of a Newly Isolated of Niallia circulans from Different Wounds in Erbil City/Iraq
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Salahaddin-Erbil  Kurdistan Region - Iraq, Hamasaeed Payman , Barzani Khadija ,   Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Salahaddin-Erbil  Kurdistan Region - Iraq, Abdullah Mahabad ,   Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Salahaddin-Erbil  Kurdistan Region - Iraq
Published: August 2024

Molecular identification using 16S rRNA (PCR), sequencing, and the GenBank database, of newly isolated N. circulans, from gunshot wound among clinical wounds in several hospitals in Erbil, Iraq, and studying the antibiogram profile of isolates were the objectives of this study. A total of 157 clinical specimens from various wound infections were collected during (June 2022-September 2022). Molecular identification16S rRNA, morphological characterization and biochemical behavior identified a total of 60 (38.21%) Gram positive bacteria were detected, of which one (1.6%) N. circulans was newly reported in Iraq. The application of PCR in the field of genetic diagnostics has grown to the point where it is now acknowledged as the norm approach for identifying nucleic acids from variety number of sample and microbial types. The percentages of resistance among 20 different antimicrobials showed by N. circulans strain was 100% resist to 11 antibiotics Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid, Ampicillin Chloramphenicol, Cefotaxime, Nalidixic acid, Nitrofurantoin, Norfloxacin, Rifampin, Streptomycin, Tetracycline and Trimethoprim. Antibiotic-resistant strains of the opportunistic human pathogens Niallia circulans (previously known as Bacillus circulans) have been isolated, raising concerns about the rising prevalence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria globally. In conclusion, gunshot wound is a potential source of infection caused by newly isolated of N. circulans, treatment of nosocomial infections should be guided by antibiotic susceptibility testing.
Comparative Effect of Laser, Ultrasound, and Acousto-Optic Therapeutic Strategies on Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IRAQ, Abdullatif Raghad , Khalil Eman ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IRAQ, Hasan Jamal ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IRAQ, Majeed Saman ,   Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, IRAQ
Published: August 2024

The medical field has been recently interested in discovering new therapeutic methods for cancer cells. In this study, non-invasive cancer treatment methods (laser therapy, ultrasound therapy, and the new strategy called acousto-optic) are thoroughly compared. It focused on clarifying the therapeutic efficacy, safety, and underlying processes of all the performed modalities on the breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-321). The first treatment method was accomplished by pulsed ultrasound with 1MHz, low sound intensity (ISPTA <1 W/cm2) for 90 seconds in a strategy called low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). The second method of treatment was accomplished with low-level Nd: YAG laser (532nm and 1064nm), energy range (100-900) mJ, and number of pulses (1-6) in a strategy called low-level laser therapy (LLLT). The acousto-optic (AO) therapeutic strategy involves selective parameters of ultrasound and laser therapeutic strategies and then assesses the viability of cancer cells by MTT assay after 24h of treatment. The findings revealed that LIPUS was the most efficient in reducing cell viability (inhibition rate 59%). In contrast, LLLT alone had the lowest inhibitory rate (20-25%). The cells' reaction to the influence of AO was midway between LIPUS and LLLT (inhibition rate 35-40%). The AO treatment technique employs an acoustic-wave to prepare the way for the target, while the photothermal impact inhibits cell viability. Thus, this study investigates the numerous biological reactions that these modalities elicit and provides a comparative assessment of their potential to limit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. The AO therapy technique is relevant and appears to be one of the next generations of cancer treatments.
Elevation of IL-17 in Chronic kidney Failure in Iraqi Patient
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Khameesi Rawaa , Mohammed Hero ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil  44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Ali Hassan ,   Ministry of Health, Medico Legal Directorate, Bagdad, Iraq, Al- Erjan Amran ,   Department of medical lab. Technology, Mazaya College University, Dhi-Qar, Iraq, kadham Mustafa ,   College Medical Technology, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq, Hameed Sara ,   Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil  44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Hardan Rania ,   Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, Abd Diyar
Published: August 2024

One of the most significant social health issues is chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Republic Ministry of Health/Environment reported that 6,879 persons died in 2015 from renal failure, placing chronic kidney disease (CKD) at number five on the list of Iraq's most dangerous diseases. Materials and Methods: This study included 60 cases that were classified as 30 patients with chronic renal failure; these patients, age range 30 – 59 years old were admitted from the Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, Baghdad province, during the period from December 2022 to January 2023 which they compared with 30 samples of healthy controls. For determining the IL-17 levels, the researchers employed Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: It was found that most of the people who suffer from CKD failure within the age group (40- 49) years that account (60%), and most of these patients were females that constituted (59%). IL-17 serum level increases significantly (27.28 ±1.50) in chronic renal patients compared to the control group (13.02 ±0.34). Conclusion: Highly significant elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17) in chronic renal diseases indicate these cytokines participate in the pathophysiology of reduced renal function and the role of this cytokine as principal mediators of inflammatory reaction in renal damage.
Effect of Propolis on the Isolated Bacterial Infection on Covid-19 Patients in Erbil city- Iraq
Authors:   Department of Biology, Collage of Science, Duhok University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Pirdawid Ahmed , hussien Shler ,   2 Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Collage of Health Technology, Erbil Polytechnic University, Kurdistan  Region, Iraq, Agha Zubaidah ,   Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Aljadani Saeedah ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Collage of Health Technology, Erbil Polytechnic University, Kurdistan  Region, Iraq
Published: August 2024

Abstract—Background: One of the valuable products which produced by honey bees from plant resinous materials is Propolis, it has been widely used in traditional herbal medicine as immune system proponent, and health aid. Recently, interest in the Propolis products has been noted worldwide, especially after COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from (50) of different source of COVID-19 patients by using sterile disposable container who were admitted to Emergency Management Center (EMC for covid19) in Erbil city. The identification of bacterial isolates through microbiological method standards were performed after clinical samples had been cultured. Different concentration started from forty μl of propolis ethanol extract (1500, μg/ml) had been aseptically casted into each well on inoculated plates. Results: From the total isolates, 39 of sample where confirmed as positive culture, while 11 samples where confirmed as negative culture. Out of 39 bacterial isolates, gram positive bacteria were seven isolates while gram negative bacteria were thirty two isolates. The most frequent etiological agents isolate as gram negative-bacteria from covid 19 patients was Klebsiella spp followed E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. The most common gram- positive pathogen bacteria species were S. aureus. The results showed that there was no methicillin resistant Staphylococci in our study, while (ESBL) production in enterobacterace family was notably high. However, propolis extract used for each species of isolates high concentration of propolis gave the most effective antimicrobial results. Conclusion: Statistically analysis showed that there are differences between different concentrations of Propolis extract used for each species of isolates.
Measurements of the Mandibular Arch Using PAL Technique: MRI Study
Authors:   College of Dentistry, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region - Iraq, Elfaki Amani , Nahir Mert ,   Department of Anatomy, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat - Turkey, Bajlan Tara ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun - Turkey, Al- Bayati Rana ,   College of Dentistry, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region - Iraq, Sahin Bunyamin
Published: August 2024

Abstract— BACKGROUND: Dental arch measurements varied in different ethnic groups and populations, the dimensions continue changing in accordance with growth and development until the adulthood stage, these changes will decrease. The aim of this study is to measure the mandibular arch among Sudanese, using a new technique which is the PAL in MR images. METHODOLOGY: 50 Sudanese volunteers (25 males/ 25 females) with no history of cranio- fascial trauma were included in this study. Structural MRI was done to all subjects. The measurements of the mandible were done by means of PAL technique via measuring the inter molar distance and mandibular arch using ImageJ software. RESULTS: There was a correlation between age of participants and mandibular arch measurements. And, there was no significant difference between male and female regarding the measurements of the mandibular arch. CONCLUSION: In this study there is a new technique that is the first time used in the measurement of the mandibular arch. We conclude that there was no difference regarding the sex using PAL technique. On the other hand, there is highly significant regarding the length of the inter molar distance in addition there is a positive correlation between age and mandibular arch.
Gender posture and the voiding efficiency in a boy with dysfunctional voiding
Authors: Bozhendaev T.L. ,   Research and Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery named after Academician Yuri Veltischev with the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Guseva N.B. , Ignatyev R.O. ,   G.N. Speransky City Children’s Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russia,   Research and Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery named after Academician Yuri Veltischev with the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia,   G.N. Speransky City Children’s Hospital No. 9, Moscow, Russia,   Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia,   “European Medical Center” (EMC), Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2024

Dysfunctional voiding in children without organic pathology of the spinal cord in childhood is now becoming more common. Unproductive voiding with the presence of residual voiding of more than 30% of the functional bladder volume for a long time leads to inflammatory diseases of the lower urinary tract. The physiological process of emptying the bladder requires a certain concentration of the child's attention, controlled activation of voiding reflexes and correct body position, especially for boys. Dysfunctional voiding is often formed in physiologically healthy boys with systematic emptying of the bladder in a sitting position, which disrupts the natural configuration of the pelvic floor muscles. Article represents a clinical case of a child with recurrent urinary infection and ineffective urination at the age of 12 y/o, whose treatment was based on training pelvic reflexes and voiding in a standing position, which in its turn had allowed normalization of the miction parameters and stopped the recurrent low urinary tract infection.
Conservative treatment of pediatric patients with congenital and infantile nephrotic syndrome: a single center retrospective study
Authors: Milovanova A.M. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia, Ananyin P.V. , Vashurina T.V. , Zrobok O.I. , Savostyanov K.V. , Tsygin A.N. ,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia,   National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Moscow, Russia
Published: August 2024

Treatment tactics for patients with congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) varies from aggressive kinds, such as early nephrectomy, to conservative ones that include diuretic and nutritional support. The purpose of this research was to assess the effectiveness of conservative treatment of children with congenital and infantile nephrotic syndromes. Materials and methods used: a single-center retrospective study of 11 pediatric patients who had been manifested with NS within their first year of life and had required diuretic therapy, was conducted. The effectiveness of conservative therapy was assessed as preservation of the renal function according to glomerular filtration and satisfactory weight/height and height alone parameters’ dynamics that ensure the safety of kidney transplantation. Results: despite the molecular genetic study was conducted in all 250 children with NS, the described 11 have had verified pathogenic variants as follows: in the NPHS1 gene in 5 (45.5%, CI 16.8-76.6%), in the NPHS2 gene in another 5 (45.5%, CI 16.8-76.6%) and a single patient with none of a kind. It was revealed that despite the persistence of pronounced NS laboratory activity, the edema gradually disappeared against the background of conservative therapy, which in its turn had made it possible to refrain from early nephrectomy as well as to begin the renal replacement therapy over the age of 3 (4) y/o. 9 (81.8%, CI 48.2-97.7%) had satisfactory weight and height parameters at the age of 3 y/o. Only a single patient had undergone the early nephrectomy at the age of 4 months old, that was then followed by a successful kidney transplant at the age of 1 year and 4 months old, which, however, did not affect the then positive height prognosis. Conclusion: thus, reasonably selected conservative therapy for CNS can be effective against edematous syndrome and contribute to satisfactory weight/height growth parameters without early nephrectomy and, accordingly, the start of dialysis during the first year of life.
ANALISIS NORMATIF PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA MEDIS DALAM PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN DOKTER SPESIALIS BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2023 TENTANG KESEHATAN
Authors: Subeki Farlin , Siregar Abdul Rahman Maulana , Rahmayanti Rahmayanti
Published: August 2024

Pertanggungjawaban peserta Pendidikan dokter spesialis dalam pelayanan Kesehatan menimbulkan kompleksitas dalam Undang-undang Kesehatan. Meskipun mendukung pendidikan medis memunculkan ketidakjelasan dalam tanggungjawab hukum, pengawasan praktik medis dan penyelesaian sengketa termasuk melalui majelis disiplin profesi. Digunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan analisis data dari bahan hukum seperti konsep, teori, doktrin dan pendapat ahli. Dalam sistem penyelesaian sengketa medis, Undang-undang Kesehatan menimbulkan kompleksitas karena ketentuan mengenai kerjasama rumah sakit pendidikan dan perguruan tinggi dalam pendidikan medis serta tanggungjawab peserta didik dalam praktik medis berpotensi membingungkan dalam proses penyelesaian sengketa. Seperti kasus Siska Makatey menunjukkan pentingnya pengawasan ketat untuk mencegah malpraktik oleh peserta didik diluar kompetensinya
Drypoint Printmaking: Alternative Material and Technique for Open and Distance Learning (ODL)
Authors: Muhamad Noor A’yunni ,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak, Perak, Malaysia, Ramli Ishak , Tahir Azian , Desa Noor Enfendi , Mohd Aripin Nur Adibah Nadiah , Arshad Mohd Fawazie ,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak , Perak, Malaysia,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak, Perak, Malaysia,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak, Perak, Malaysia,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak, Perak, Malaysia,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perak, Perak, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

Drypoint refers to an intaglio sub-section printmaking technique (non-acid technique) of which a rough needle is used to make scratches across the plate (metal or copper plate) surfaces. Since March 2020, the education system is one of the sectors which has been affected by the pandemic and the process of teaching and learning was determined to be delivered through Open Distance Learning (ODL). Since drypoint printmaking is a part of the Fine Art education syllabus, this research aims to explore an alternative in drypoint printmaking, especially in the exploration of material and techniques without compromising the aesthetic and rules in drypoint. The method that will be used in this research is qualitative research through exploratory action research approach. This method is significant in terms of exploring other alternatives in substituting the role of equipment such as etching press and other possible materials. In this research, the comparative method from the aspect of material and technique will be used since it involves comparing circumstances, classes, cultures, or anything that are similar and yet different in comprehensible ways. The outcome from this study will produce the result of whether the alternative method and technique can achieve the same kind of quality as the common practice of the drypoint printmaking technique. Based on the findings, the researcher will develop a formal guideline for educators and art practitioners to expand this alternative technique as an approach in achieving the best quality of drypoint printmaking artworks without having to worry about lack of experience in an art studio environment or complete equipment. In the future, there should be more exploration, especially on the alternative material and technique in Drypoint printmaking.
The Effectiveness of Instagram as a Marketing Tool for Naelofar Hijab
Authors: Jasman Nornatasya Farina ,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Abdul Razak Mohamed Razeef , Harun Azahar ,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor , Malaysia,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

According to a survey conducted by the Malaysia eCommerce Industry, the hijab industry in Malaysia is a very profitable business that is expected to generate US $5.9 billion by 2024, according to the survey. Because of this, the study investigates the effective marketing strategy of the Naelofar Hijab brand as depicted on the Instagram platform to engage with the target audience. As a successful brand, this is even more important than other aspects of the Instagram marketing strategy. The AIDA model was used to analyze the ten most successful Naelofar Hijab Brand campaigns promoted on the Instagram social media platform. Naelofar Hijab was the most successful Brand that used Instagram as a marketing strategy tool to promote their products and grow their customer base and brand awareness. According to preliminary findings, Naelofar Hijab’s marketing communication research is primarily defined as a strategy on Instagram focused on viral marketing techniques to draw the audience's attention to the Brand itself rather than the product itself. Other competitors in the fashion hijab category are also taking advantage of the Instagram platform to market their products. Despite this, the marketing techniques employed by the Naelofar Hijab brand are more distinctive in fostering loyalty, trust, inspiration, and motivation in the Brand, as demonstrated by the Brand's founder, Noor Neelofa on her Instagram account. As a result of the AIDA model approach, the findings of this study will benefit the community by increasing knowledge and strengthening entrepreneurial skills in them, allowing them to develop a successful marketing strategy.
The Four Series of Malaysian Banknotes:A Visual Analysis of Ringgit Symbol
Authors: Amirza Mohammad Aaris ,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia, Abdul Razak Mohamed Razeef ,   College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia
Published: August 2024

The currency symbol depicts a country's currency name since the 19th century. The currency symbol is found as part of the design elements of a banknote identity, which also reflects the country's ethos. The ringgit has a long history beginning. However, this progress revealed the inconsistency of the ringgit symbol in each banknote series. This paper aims to analyze the evolution of the ringgit symbol circulated in the series of Malaysian banknotes and the changes it has gone through since it was first issued on Malaysian banknotes right up to the fourth series. Using visual analysis of the ringgit symbol in all four banknotes series issued by Bank Negara Malaysia, this study found that the currency symbol used for the ringgit had different characteristics, mainly in banknotes issued in the second series, which disrupted the ringgit identity. The ringgit would become remarkable if attention were given to developing and introducing the RM symbol. An in-depth study to introduce an ideal form of the ringgit symbol design could help innovate Malaysia's monetary identity.