bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of educational session on knowledge and attitude towards teratogenicity among undergraduate medical students: a comparative study
Authors: Kumari Priyanka , Krishnaiah Vasundara , Kumaraswamy Girish , Tamboli Tushar J.
Published: October 2017

Background: Teratogenicity is a major cause of abortion, still birth and can result in longterm disability with a significant impact on individuals, families, societies and healthcare systems. Drugs being one of the causes of teratogenicity, creating awareness among medical students, the future prescribing physicians, the rate of teratogenicity can be decreased. The objective was to compare the attitude and knowledge about teratogenicity among the medical undergraduates before and after an educational session on teratogenicity.Methods: A pre-validated semi structured questionnaire on attitude and knowledge about teratogenicity was distributed to 2nd year medical students (147) before and after teratogenicity educational session. Results obtained were compared within the group. Paired t test was used for within the group comparison. P-Value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Improvement in knowledge showed statistically significant improvement following teratogenicity educational session (P-Value=0.0003). Improvement was there in post session attitude scores as well, however, it was not significant (P-Value=0.64).Conclusions: Early reinforcement about teratogenicity in medical students enables them to decide appropriate drug therapy while prescribing for females of reproductive age group.
Knowledge and attitude among students towards HIV/AIDS patients at a dental college, Suraram, India
Authors: Rani Vibha , Dumpala Suguna , Shyamala R.
Published: October 2017

Background: Clinical training is a part of curriculum for the dental students. They are trained in dental procedures, where there is a chance of exposure to HIV infection. Hence this study was conducted with an objective to assess their knowledge, attitude to treat these patients.Methods: An institutional based study was carried out among 145 dental students at Malla Reddy Dental College for Women. A questionnaire with 29 questions on knowledge, attitude and willing to treat the HIV/AIDS patients which was already used in other study was adapted. Primary outcome- knowledge and attitude was measured in percentages, proportions using SPSS version 20 and Chi-square.Results: Total subjects who had good knowledge were 71 (48.9%) and 137(94.5%) viewed needle stick injury can transmit HIV virus. 138 (98.1%) agreed that it is their moral responsibility to treat HIV/AIDS patients and risk of HIV transmission is high, hence special precautions have to be followed to treat them. Positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS patients was reported among 129(89%) of students. Chi square test showed an association between knowledge and attitude among study subjects which was statistically significant at p <0.05 level.Conclusions: Active student’s collaboration for treatment compliance of HIV/AIDS patients should be directed towards comprehensive training in the dental colleges which forms a basis for provision of appropriate, optimal dental care improving oral health related quality of life in people living with HIV.
Evaluation of cardiovascular events and bleeding complications in patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome on various antiplatelet drugs: an observational study in a tertiary care center in Eastern India
Authors: Passi Anurag , Kumar Prashant , Mukherjee Somnath , Mondal Priyanker , Mandal Sankar Chandra
Published: October 2017

Background: This study is to determine the clinical profile of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients, to observe cardiovascular events in patients with ACS undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) and to evaluate the bleeding complications with various antiplatelet agents.Methods: This hospital based observational study included patients of ACS presenting between February 2015 to August 2016 who received PCI and were on dual antiplatelet agents.Results: Among 200 patients presenting with ACS mean age was 58.67, there was male predominance and 52.5% presented with STEMI. Cardiovascular death was seen in 2.5% patients and all cause mortality was seen in 3.5% patients. The incidence of Non-fatal myocardial infarction was more in Clopidogrel group (5%) as compared to Prasugrel (4%) and Ticagrelor (2%) group. Non-fatal stroke was seen in 2% patients and incidence was similar in each of the three groups. Incidences of target vessel revascularization (TVR) and stent thrombosis were more in the Clopidogrel group as compared to Prasugrel and Ticagrelor. TIMI Major and Minor bleeding with Prasugrel was higher than clopidogrel and Ticagrelor and TIMI minimal bleeding was seen in 2% patients and was similar in all three groups.Conclusions: Patients receiving clopidogrel has more numbers of CV death, all cause death, non-fatal MI, TVR and stent thrombosis in comparison to the groups receiving Prasugrel or Ticagrelor and on comparing Prasugrel and Ticagrelor, the two drugs are similar in efficacy but, Ticagrelor has better safety outcomes.
Comparison of pattern of self-medication among urban and rural population of Telangana state, India
Authors: Pentareddy Mary Rohini , Vedula Prasanna , B. Roopa , L. Jagadish Chandra , Amarendar S.
Published: October 2017

Background: Self-medication is one of the components of self-care, which may treat the disease or result in worsening of the condition due to irrational use of drug.1 In developing countries like India, self-medication is a common practice as it provides a low-cost alternative for people who cannot afford the high cost of clinical service, and is time efficient.Methods: A total of 110 participants completed the study. A printed questionnaire was given to those who were willing to participate in the study and came to buy medicines without consulting a doctor to various pharmacy outlets.Results: Among the group of drugs used antibiotics were the common drugs used in rural area (74%) and cough suppressants (50%) in urban area. Symptoms for opting self-medication were fever and common cold in both the groups. Individuals in both areas took self-medication based on their previous prescriptions (rural 42% vs urban41.6%) and advertisements. Rural individuals preferred self-medication with the opinion of saving time and urban people felt that it was less expensive.Conclusions: There is a difference in the pattern self-medication among rural and urban individuals. It is also to be noted that use of antibiotics may result in problems related to drug resistance. So, it would be advisable to restrict the sale of antibiotics as over the counter drugs.
Effects of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. in cyclophosphamide induced dyslipidaemia in albino rats
Authors: Das Rajesh , Devi Khuraijam Sucheta , Dutta Sayeri , Das Ananya , Das Prasenjit , Devi Kh Krishna Pramodini
Published: October 2017

Background: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is commonly used as anticancer and immuno suppressant agent. It induces hyperlipidemia and myocardium damage. Ipomoea aquatic Forsk. is traditionally used for cardiovascular disease, paralysis and general debility. The present study was done to evaluate the protective effect of the plant against CP induced dyslipidaemia in albino rats.Methods: Twenty albino rats were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each. Group I (normal group) received normal saline intraperitoneally. Groups II to IV received CP (200mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) single dose on day 1 of experimental period. Groups I and II (toxic group) animals were given 2% gum acacia per orally daily for 10 days. Groups III and IV received aqueous extract of stem and leaves of Ipomoea aquatica 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg per orally respectively daily for 10 days. On 11th day, blood samples were collected for estimation of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol and heart tissues were sent for histopathology examination (HPE).Results: CP administration significantly (P<0.05) increased the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and decreased the level of HDL-cholesterol in toxic group compared to normal group. Treatment with aqueous extract of Ipomoea aquatica significantly (P<0.05) reversed the status of lipid profile compared to toxic group. HPE of myocardium showed reversal of the toxic effects of CP in the extract treated groups.Conclusions: Ipomoea aquatica showed protective effects against CP induced dyslipidaemia in albino rats.
Early breastfeeding initiation and incidence of severe neonatal jaundice in Chipinge district Zimbabwe
Authors: Mugadza Gladys , Zvinavashe Mathilda , Gumbo Zvanyadza , Stray-Pedersen Babill
Published: October 2017

Background: Neonatal jaundice is the most prevalent condition affecting new born babies especially during the first week of life. About 50-60 % of the new born babies get affected with jaundice in the first week of life. The objective of the present study is to determine early breastfeeding initiation (EBFI) and the incidence of severe neonatal jaundice in in the first week of life in Chipinge District, Zimbabwe.Methods: A prospective cohort was conducted among 200 (100 early initiators and 100 late initiators) healthy term neonates and screening of jaundice was done on day 3 and day 7 using the transcutaneous bilirubinometry (JM 120). Early breast-feeding initiation was defined as the actual giving of the first breastmilk within an hour of birth and anything beyond an hour was considered as late (WHO, 2010). Jaundice was graded from mild (<10mg/dl), moderate (>10<14mg/dl) to severe (15mg/dl or more).Results: The Pearson correlation for early breastfeeding and severe neonatal jaundice was significant 2 tailed at (P = 0.01) at 95% CI and significant 2 tailed (P = 0.01) at 95% CI delayed breastfeeding initiation and severe neonatal jaundice. Conclusions: Early breast-feeding initiation had strong association with severe jaundice, significant 2 tailed at (P = 0.01) at 95% CI and significant 2 tailed (P = 0.01) at 95% CI delayed breastfeeding initiation and severe neonatal jaundice. There is need to assess neonatal jaundice objectively as clinical assessment through eye observation has limitation in picking at risk babies.
Idiopathic acute onset pulmonary artery hypertension in infancy need for research
Authors: V. B. Sangeeta , E. Adarsh , N. Divya , S. Amrutha
Published: October 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to study the clinical outcome of infants beyond neonatal period who presented with acute onset pulmonary artery hypertension of unknown etiology.Methods: This is a retrospective case record analysis of all the babies admitted to pediatric intensive care unit between January 2013 to March 2017 at Rajarajeswari Medical College with signs and symptoms of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension on clinical examination and ECHO. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis has been carried out in the present study. Results: Out of 49 infants beyond neonatal period who presented with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, 9 were females and 40 were males. 43 babies required ventilator support and 6 babies required only supplemental oxygen. Out of 33 babies who expired, cardiogenic shock and severe hypoxia was the main cause of death in 19, pulmonary hemorrhage in 4, acute kidney injury and fluid overload in 2, multi organ dysfunction in 1, septicemia in 4 and disseminated intravascular coagulation in 3. Babies who survived less than 72 hours cardiogenic shock and severe hypoxia was the main cause of death and babies who survived more than a week, pulmonary hemorrhage, acute kidney injury and fluid overload, multi organ dysfunction, septicemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation were the main cause of death. Conclusions: There is a need for research in infants beyond neonatal period with pulmonary arterial hypertension, to find out the etiology.
Evaluation of Calf circumference as a procedure to screen low birth weight babies: a hospital based cross sectional study
Authors: Sheikh Arshiya Rehman , Thakre Sushama Subhash , Thakre Subhash , Patil Chaitanya Rangangouda , Petkar Prithvi B.
Published: October 2017

Background: In spite of the interventions being taken, low birth weight still persists as a public health problem in low and middle-income countries. World Health Organization defines low birth weight as birth weight less than 2500 gm. There is a constant search to find newer methods to detect low birth weight babies so that early methods can be instituted. This study was conducted to evaluate calf circumference as procedure to screen low birth weight babies in tertiary care hospital in Nagpur. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in tertiary care hospital of Nagpur, Maharashtra for a period of 4 months. The study subjects were babies delivered at the hospital. Birth weight was recorded using a digital weighing scale within 24 hours of the delivery. Length, calf circumference, head and chest circumference were measured according to standard guidelines. Results: Majority of mothers were in the age group of 20 to 24 years of age group, were educated up to primary school and belonged to Hindu religion. The mean calf circumference of low birth weight babies was 9.64±1.13 cm and was 10.96±1.01 cm in normal weight babies. The mean values of calf circumference were significantly lower in low birth weight babies (p <0.001). The sensitivity and specificity for the best cut off of calf circumference was found to be 89.97% and 42.86% respectively.Conclusions: Measuring calf circumference was found to be a good test with higher sensitivity but lower specificity. Hence, calf circumference can be used as an alternative method to screen babies born in remote areas, where the facility of weighing the baby at birth is not available.
A cross sectional study on the prevalence of structural congenital anomalies among neonates delivered in a tertiary care hospital, Chennai from January 2016 to February 2017
Authors: Muthu Vinodh , Suresh Kumar Mekalai , Ponnappan Anitha Ram
Published: October 2017

Background: Congenital anomalies are important contributors to infant and childhood deaths, chronic illness and disability. The pattern and type of anomaly varies regionally. The planning and the implementation of public health programs for congenital anomalies are dependent on the prevalence data. Adequate data is unavailable in our country. The objective of this study was to study the prevalence of congenital anomalies and the factors influencing them, in Government RSRM lying in hospital, Chennai from January 2016 to February 2017.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Government RSRM lying-in hospital, a tertiary care neonatal unit, from January 2016 to February 2017. The case records of neonates delivered during the study period were studied to identify those with congenital anomalies. The factors possibly influencing congenital anomalies were studied.Results: The number of case records analyzed was 11242, out of which 157 neonates were reported to have structural congenital anomalies; the prevalence was 1.4%. Congenital heart disease formed the majority, 46.5% (73/157) of congenital anomalies identified. The most common extra-cardiac congenital anomalies noted were cleft lip/cleft palate (15/157) 9.6%, followed by single umbilical artery which was noted in 5.7% (9/157). Down’s syndrome was seen in 3.8% (6/157) and neural tube defects in 3.2% (5/157) of the babies with congenital anomalies.Conclusions: The prevalence of commonly occurring congenital anomalies in the study hospital was comparable to the prevalence in other similar studies in India. The prevalence of neural tube defects was lower in our area compared to other countries whereas, that of acyanotic heart diseases were higher than in other studies.
Effect of family factors on juvenile delinquency
Authors: Rathinabalan Indiran , Naaraayan Sridevi A.
Published: October 2017

Background: Juvenile delinquency is multifactorial with risk factors operating at multiple levels namely individual, micro environment and macro environment levels. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of family factors on juvenile delinquency.Methods: This was a case control study done from January 2009 to December 2009. Adolescents present in the Government run Special observation home were cases, while boys of 10, 11, and 12 standards in a government school served as controls. Data on demographic details, offence committed and family factors were collected using a structured proforma. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine which of the factors acted as risk factors for juvenile delinquency.Results: Totally sixty juveniles and an equal number of school students were interviewed. Paternal age above 50 years, paternal smoking, alcohol intake, substance abuse and involvement in crime, maternal education and employment, being born as a single child, having separated parents or single parent were significant family factors identified in univariate analysis. Paternal age more than 50 years, paternal smoking, maternal employment and single parent emerged as significant risk factors in regression analysis.Conclusions: Paternal age more than 50 years, paternal smoking, maternal employment and single parent are significant independent risk factors of juvenile delinquency.
Etiology of hepatitis in children
Authors: S. Rewatkar Swanand , D. Shendre Sneha , Agarwal Priyanka , Loni Ramaning , Ray Madhusmita
Published: October 2017

Background: Hepatitis (plural hepatitides) is inflammation of the liver and characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ. Although infectious hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis and metabolic diseases are the cause but in majority of the cases etiology remain obscure. Worldwide, the overall frequency of pediatric liver disease is 1:8,000. According to a study in U.S, it amounts to almost 15,000 hospital admissions per year. Objective of present study was to study and determine etiologies of the hepatitis in non-neonatal age group and find out the commonest etiological cause, along with to study clinical course of acute hepatitis and average time for recovery from the illnessMethods: A prospective study of 100 children presented with the clinical jaundice between the age group of 1 month to 18 years were evaluated using inclusion criteria utilizing clinical proforma, complete history, clinical examination and blood investigations, in the pediatric out-patient, in-patient and emergency department at Moolchand Medcity, New Delhi from August 2008 to August 2010.Results: Hepatitis A was positive in 88 children (88%) which was the highest in frequency, followed by Typhoid in 5 of children (5%), while Hepatitis E (3%), B (2%) and dengue 1(1%) were the least in the incidence respectively. Two patients had fulminant hepatitis and both were positive for Hepatitis A, of which one was referred for liver transplant. Period for clinical recovery was found to be 12-24 days (19.87±3.489) and for biochemical recovery was range from 23- 59 days (36.71±5.9437) while all 99 (99%) patients were recovered from the illness in 99 % of cases.Conclusions: Hepatitis A is the most common cause of acute hepatitis. Clinical recovery occurred in 2 to 3 weeks, followed by biochemical recovery in 3 to 8 weeks respectively.
Incidence and outcome of neonatal seizures at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Abdul Bari Abdul Naseer , Pathan Habib G. , Kokiwar Prashant R.
Published: October 2017

Background: Seizures are associated with poor neuro developmental outcome if not diagnosed early and treated properly. During newborn period, seizures indicate underlying neurological disease. Neonatal seizures lead to increased morbidity and mortality usually found in neonatal intensive care unit. The objective of this study was to evaluate incidence and outcome of neonatal seizures.Methods: Present study was hospital based prospective study conducted among 117 neonates of 0-28 days of age at a tertiary care hospital for a period of one year. The data like history, clinical examination and investigation findings was recorded in the pre-designed, pre-tested, semi structured questionnaire.Results: The incidence of neonatal seizures was higher in male neonates. Subtle types of seizures were the commonest type of seizures. In term neonates, the birth asphyxia was the most common cause of neonatal seizures. The incidence of intra-ventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was significantly higher in preterm than term neonates. Out of biochemical abnormalities, the hypocalcemia was the most common cause of the neonatal seizures. Common causes of neonatal deaths in our center were severe birth asphyxia, intra-ventricular hemorrhage (IVH), septicemia and meningitis. Conclusions: Most of the causes of neonatal seizures are preventable by good perinatal care and early interventions while metabolic seizures need a sharp vigilance and early suspicion.
Clinico-etiological profile of seizures in term and near-term neonates: tertiary care hospital based observational study
Authors: Verma Garima , Shamsi Sumaiya , Pathak Umesh
Published: October 2017

Background: Neonatal period is very important for development of immature brain and it is also most vulnerable period for development of seizures. Seizures have varied etiology as well as presentation during neonatal period. Considering this we planned this study with objective of finding incidence, etiology, type and time of onset of seizures and their correlation along with short term outcome.Methods: It is a prospective observational study done in level 2 NICU set up of Government Medical College from November 2008 to September 2009. Total 115 term and near term neonates (≥35 weeks of gestation) presenting in NICU with seizures were enrolled in study. All relevant details were recorded on performa and investigations were sent. Data was described as mean±SD and %. SPSS 13 software was used as data analysis.Results: Incidence of seizures came out to be 6.1% of total NICU admission, which was more in male appropriate for gestational age (AGA) babies and those who were born vaginally, extramural and to primiparous mother. Birth asphyxia was most common etiology of seizures and majority presented within 24 hours of birth and meningitis was most important cause of seizure after 7 days of life. Subtle seizures were most common clinical type of seizure in the present study. Risk factor for poor neurological outcome came out to be Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE). Conclusions: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was most important etiology of neonatal seizures and most important risk factor for poor neurological outcome and subtle seizures being most common clinical type of seizure.
Infantile tremor syndrome
Authors: Puttagunta Apoorva Sree , T. K. Shruthi , S. Shubha , P. S. Rajakumar
Published: October 2017

Infantile tremor syndrome (ITS) is defined by the tetrad of pallor, developmental delay/regression, skin pigmentation, and brown scanty scalp hair. Involuntary movements in the form of tremors supervene in the natural course of the illness in a significant number of cases. The disorder is common in exclusively breast-fed infants of vegetarian mothers. Most of the children eventually recover but are frequently left with long-term cognitive and language neurodeficits. This review attempts to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information on the subject incorporating recently published studies.
A simple innovative Chennai handshake technique for reducing anterior dislocation of shoulder joint: a community study of 60 cases
Authors: Thahir Muhammad , Gandhi B. Suresh , Kanniyan Kalaivanan , . Shanmugasundaram
Published: October 2017

Background: Anterior shoulder dislocation is one of the commonest dislocation of our body. We here by introduce a simple, safe, successful and easily reproducible “Chennai Handshake Technique” to relocate anterior dislocation of shoulder joint.

Methods: This method was performed by a single surgeon on sixty cases (51 males, 9 females) of anterior shoulder dislocation with a mean age of 38 years (18 to 58 years) between 2008 to 2013 in tertiary care center. Among sixty patients, there were 12 cases (20%) of fresh dislocation and 48 cases (80%) of recurrent dislocation. It comprises of holding the hand in a classical double shake position and then giving a gentle longitudinal traction (stage I) followed with slow abduction and external rotation of arm (stage II), thus reducing the shoulder dislocation. Vertical oscillation may be a part of stage II in some cases before the external rotation.

Results: The index time of patient presenting to the casualty ranged from one hour to 18hrs with a mean of 4.45 hrs. The reduction time ranged  from 1 to 16 min with a mean of  5.6 min. 17 dislocations (28.3%) were reduced  during stage I. 41 dislocations (68.3%) were reduced during stage II. 5 dislocations (12.1%) needed vertical oscillation during stage II. we failed in two cases (3.3%).

Conclusions: No need of assistant, no need of anesthesia, no complications makes this technique, a more look back one.
Clinical and functional outcome of total knee replacement in patients with osteoarthritis: a prospective study
Authors: Shihora Umang , Modi Bimal
Published: October 2017

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is now a reliable treatment for osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to study the clinical and functional outcome of total knee arthroplasty using knee society score and to find association between knee functional score and knee clinical score.

Methods: Present study was performed in 40 cases of knee patients at department of orthopedics, Gujarat Adani institute of osteoarthritis medical science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat from January 2014 to February 2015. Those patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were assessed clinically and functionally using knee society score.

Results: The mean preoperative knee clinical score (KCS) was 49.40±13.79 which was increased to a postoperative score of 86.08±5.64 at the end of 6 month. Similarly the mean preoperative knee functional score (KFS) was 32.75±11.79 which was increased to a postoperative score of 84.43±9.59 at the end of 6 month. There was significant increase in KCS and KFC score during follow up at 1, 3 and 6 month interval. There was significant association between knee functional score and knee clinical score at every interval.

Conclusions: Total knee arthroplasty improves the functional ability of the patient and the ability of the patient to get back to pre-disease state, which is to have a pain free mobile joint, as reflected by the improvement in the post-op knee clinical score and knee functional score.
Extended use of limb reconstruction system in management of compound tibia diaphyseal fracture as primary and definitive tool
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P. , Mangukiya Hitesh J.
Published: October 2017

Background: The fractures of the tibia are among the most difficult fractures to treat effectively. The status of the soft tissues, the degree of comminution and level of contamination sustained at the time of injury affect the long term clinical results. The goal of operative treatment is to obtain anatomic realignment of the shaft of tibia while providing enough stability to allow early motion. This should be accomplished using techniques that minimize osseous and soft tissue devascularization in the hopes of decreasing the complications result­ing from treatment.

Methods: A prospective randomized study was conducted between 2014-2016 on 20 patients admitted with compound tibia diaphyseal fracture and treated with Limb reconstruction surgery.

Results: In our study, the mean time of partial weight bearing was 3.5±2.97 weeks, full weight bearing was 8.55± 4.14 weeks and bone union time was 20.22±5.22 weeks. The pin tract infection was found in 5 (25%) cases. Delayed union was observed 06 (30%) cases. Shortening of more than 2 cm were recorded in 3 (15%) patients. Joint (knee or ankle) stiffness was observed in 6 (30%) cases. Loosening of pin was observed in 3 (15%) cases. Chronic osteomyelitis was observed in 3 (15%) cases. Secondary procedures were done in 11 (55%) cases. Bone marrow aspiration was done in 5 (25%) cases, iliac bone grafting in 5 (25%) cases.

Conclusions: LRS is found to be wonderful tool in management of compound tibia fractures as primary and definitive mode because of its safety, versatile nature, patient friendly and cost effectiveness.
فصاحة القرآن الثابتة والتطور اللغوي المتغير
Authors: Burhan Ali
Published: October 2017

Fashahah according to the classic scholars is sealed by period, place, and vocabularies with certain conditions, while it according to contemporary scholars is a process of renewable development. In modern linguistics, it reveals the activities and thought of the modern Arab nation. It  continuously describes its function as a different transmitter of the Arabic functions according to classic scholars which is more dynamic and not static. The result concludes that the classical Arab in the Qur'an is in peak not only as a means of conveying the thought, but also becomes the religious and unifying language of Arab nations with its various specifications. The process of evolution occurring in Arabic Language includes its pronunciation, structure of grammar, and dilalah.
Intention for Voting IN PAKISTAN: THE role of Social Media, Ethnicity, and Religiosity
Authors: Butt Jamshed , Awang Mohammad
Published: October 2017

The issue “Exploring Social Media, Ethnicity, and Religiosity Role on Intention for Voting in Pakistan“ is a huge study embracing more issues. The politics of Pakistan is basically the politics of semantic groups. Pakistan is a multilingual state more than six languages. There are 245 religious parties in Pakistan, as elaborated by the Daily Times research. The use of social media sites in Pakistan peaked to its maximum after announcement of election schedule by the Election Commission of Pakistan in March 22, 2013. Most of the political parties used it for the recent elections in Pakistan to promote their agenda and attract country's 80 million registered electors. The theories interact with the research topic are theory of reasoned action (TRA), theory of planned behaviour (TBP), Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), and Social Ecological Model (SEM. The variables introduced in this research are Social Media, Ethnicity, Religiosity, and Intention for Voting. The proposed model have four dependent variables. A survey constructed from 24 questions were used to capture the respondents’ opinions regarding eight variables in a 7-likert scale. A sample of 1336 Pakistani citizen were collected. Data was collected within three months’ period, from 1 March 2015 until 31 May 2015. Distribution of the survey took place in four major cities; Karachi, Lahore, Faisalabad, and Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Data obtained from the survey is analysed by utilizing the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The proposed research model have three hypothesis that demonstrate the relations. From the three hypotheses, two hypothesis are significant while one hypothesis are rejected. Results highlight on the importance of social media in politics aspects, therefore further research is recommended.
ANÁLISE TÉCNICA E ECONÔMICA DA APLICAÇÃO FOLIAR DE POLIFOSFATO DE AMÔNIO NA CULTURA DO MILHO
Authors: PACENTCHUK FABIANO , SANDINI ITACIR ELOI , FALBO MARGARETE KIMIE
Published: October 2017

RESUMO – O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma análise técnica e econômica da aplicação foliar de polifosfato de amônio na cultura do milho, bem como seus efeitos nos componentes de produtividade da cultura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições em arranjo fatorial 3 x 3 x 4. Sendo, 3 safras agrícolas, 3 estádios de aplicação (V13, VT e o parcelamento no V13 + VT) e 4 doses de polisfosfato de amônio (0, 5, 10 e 15 L ha-1). Houve influência positiva das doses de polifosfato de amônio estudadas na produtividade da cultura do milho. O máximo incremento de produtividade foi obtido com a aplicação de 5,08 e 1,51 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e N, respectivamente, o que corresponde a 9,54 L ha-1 de polisfosfato de amônio. A resposta positiva independe do ano e do estádio de aplicação. O uso de polisfosfato de amônio apresenta viabilidade econômica sendo que o incremento de produtividade foi de 534 kg ha-1, foi obtido por meio da aplicação de 7,14 L ha-1 de polisfosfato de amônio. A aplicação do polifosfato de amônio não influenciou estatisticamente os componentes de produtividade estudados.Palavras-chave: Adubação foliar, fósforo, Zea mays.TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE IN MAIZEABSTRACT – The aim of this study was a technical and economic analysis of foliar application of ammonium polyphosphate in maize and its effect on crop yield components. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications in a factorial arrangement 3 x 3 x 4, comprising 3 crop seasons, 3 growth stages (V13, VT and the splitting in V13 + VT) and 4 doses of ammonium polyphosphate (0, 5, 10 and 15 L ha-1). There was a positive effect of doses of ammonium polyphosphate studied on maize yield. The maximum increase in yield was obtained with the application of 5.08 and 1.51 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and N, respectively, corresponding to 9.54 L ha-1 of ammonium polyphosphate. The positive response was independent of the year and the growth stages. The use of ammonium polyphosphate presents economic viability and the increase in yield was 534 kg ha-1 by applying 7.14 L ha-1 of ammonium polyphosphate. The application of ammonium polyphosphate not statistically affected the yield components studied.Keywords: foliar fertilization, phosphorus, Zea mays.
PERFORMANCE PRODUTIVA DE CULTIVARES DE MILHO EM TRÊS SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO NO LESTE MARANHENSE
Authors: DOS SANTOS SILVA FRANCISCO CHARLES , LIMA MOURA MARIA DA CRUZ CHAVES , SILVA COSTA JOSÉ RONEILSON , DE OLIVEIRA EGON BASTOS , COSTA ITALO JHONNY
Published: October 2017

RESUMO – O Leste Maranhense corresponde à mais nova fronteira agrícola do Brasil. Entretanto, fatores limitantes da produtividade, como a escolha correta da variedade e o sistema de cultivo mais adequado para as condições locais, ainda são desconhecidos. Objetivou-se estudar o desempenho produtivo de 17 genótipos de milho, sob três sistemas de cultivo para a região. Foram realizados dois experimentos, um na cidade de Chapadinha e outro na cidade de Brejo, sendo avaliados 17 genótipos ao todo. Os ensaios foram dispostos no delineamento em blocos casualisados com quatro repetições em esquema fatorial 3x10 [10 cultivares e três sistemas de cultivo (plantio com cobertura de palha de carnaúba; plantio sem cobertura; plantio intercalado com feijão caupi)]. O sistema de cultivo com palha de carnaúba, independentemente do genótipo de milho e do local de avaliação, proporcionou os maiores rendimentos de grãos. Em Chapadinha, os genótipos mais produtivos foram as variedades de polinização aberta Caiano e Al-Bandeirante, o híbrido duplo AGN 1051, os híbridos triplos 2B 433, BRS 3060 e CMS 3E482 e o híbrido simples P 3646 H. Para Brejo, os melhores resultados foram obtidos pelos híbridos duplos 2B 707 HX e AGN 1051 e pelos híbridos simples 2B 604 HX, 30 F35 H e P 3646 H.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., Palhada, Rendimento de grãos.PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF MAIZE CULTIVARS IN THREE FARMING SYSTEMS IN EAST MARANHÃO STATEABSTRACT - East Maranhão State is the newest agricultural frontier in Brazil. However, productivity limiting factors such as the correct choice of variety and the cropping system more suitable to the local conditions are still unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance of 17 maize genotypes under three cultivation systems for the region. Two experiments were carried out, one in the city of Chapadinha and another in the city of Brejo, evaluating 17 genotypes. The trials were arranged in a randomized block design with 4 replications in a 3x10 factorial scheme [10 cultivars and 3 cultivation systems (planting with cover of carnaúba straw, plantation without cover, intercropping with cowpea). The use of carnaúba straw provided the highest grain yields, regardless the maize genotype and the evaluation site,. In Chapadinha the most productive genotypes were the open-pollinated varieties Caiano and Al-Bandeirante, the double hybrid AGN 1051, the triple hybrids 2B 433, BRS 3060 and CMS 3E482 and the simple hybrid P 3646 H. For Brejo the best results were obtained by the double hybrids 2B 707 HX and AGN 1051 and by the simple hybrids 2B 604 HX, 30 F35 H and P 3646 H.Keywords: Zea mays L., Straw, Grain Yield.
Electricity Production from Swine Manure: A Case Study from Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: Vacari Thaisa Camila , Marchetto Margarida
Published: October 2017

The mode of disposal of waste and effluent from swine breeding constitutes an important practice for environmental compliance of farms. For the need to produce quality and sustainability deploy many ranchers have sought treatment systems process waste from pig farming. Brazil has been increasingly investing in research and implementation of techniques for treating these wastes. Thus, this paper aimed to present the advantages of manure treatment and utilization of animal by-products. The case study refers to a Cooperative Farming of Nova Mutum, MT. The farm currently contains more than 23,000 pigs and waste generated by this process, in addition to producing electricity, are used as biofertilizers in irrigation Eucalyptus after being treated in the digesters. Through empirical calculations it was found that the average biogas is 2,438 m³ per day, with a calorific value greater than 2,000 kWh / day or 60,000 kWh / month, number higher than 22,000 kWh / month currently generated, so the cooperative can increase the capacity of your generator if you want to produce more energy. This requires further study of the efficiency of the treatment and the quantity and quality of effluent produced.
Parâmetros Alimentares de Hoplias malabaricus, como ferramenta de análise Ambiental na Lagoa Feia, RJ, Brasil
Authors: Beliene Glieber Henriques , Rocha Adélia Rangel Mandu , Souza Cristina Maria Magalhães de
Published: October 2017

Dentre as quase 25.000 espécies de peixes conhecidas no mundo, destaca-se a Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) por apresentar características alimentares bem amplas. Trata-se de um peixe caçador de emboscada que por ser carnívoro piscívoro e topo de cadeia, tem se tornado motivo de discussão quanto ao papel que desempenha na regulação de outras populações de peixes. Não se limitando a piscivoria quando jovem também se alimenta de larvas de insetos, e quando adulta complementa sua alimentação com pequenos crustáceos. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar parâmetros alimentares da população de Hoplias malabaricus nos períodos chuvoso e de estiagem na Lagoa Feia no Rio de Janeiro, a fim de se constatar possíveis mudanças no padrão alimentar dessa espécie em função das pressões antrópicas nesse ambiente. Para isso os exemplares de Hoplias malabaricus foram obtidos Novembro/09 e Julho/10. Dos espécimes foram analisados os conteúdos estomacais, e determinados índices de repleção estomacal (IRE) e estados de repleção estomacal (ERE), dos quais os resultados demonstraram majoritariamente a espécie Cyphocharax gilbert como índice alimentar preferencial da Hoplias malabaricus, o que não é comum visto a sua característica amplitude alimentar. Outro fato importante foram os altos índices de captura de alimento mesmo em períodos onde comumente a taxa alimentar da traíra é reduzida. Dessa forma esses indícios apontam para possíveis alterações na dinâmica da comunidade aquática dessa lagoa, certamente em função de perturbações pontuais ou difusas humanas, o que está levando a um aumento na oferta de alimento
Avaliação das Características Quali-Quantitativa das Águas do Rio Beem, Município de Humaitá-Amazonas
Authors: Peixoto Klenna Livia Gomes , Noguchi Harumy Sales , Pereira Anne Relvas , Marchetto Margarida , Santos Aldecy de Almeida
Published: October 2017

O rio Beem localiza-se no Estado do Amazonas, na região Norte do Brasil, está inserido na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Madeira, no município de Humaitá. As águas desse rio são destinadas para usos múltiplos, como: balneabilidade, paisagismo, pesca ou mesmo para a realização de atividades inerentes à sobrevivência humana, bem como dessedentação de animais e irrigação em pequenas propriedades. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características quali-quantitativas do Rio Beem, para subsidiar informações para gestão e planejamento dos recursos hídricos da bacia. Foram realizados parâmetros físicos, químicos e bacteriológicos das águas a montante, jusante e no perímetro urbano da cidade de Humaitá-AM. Paralelamente, foi determinada a vazão a montante e jusante da área em estudo no período de cheia e vazante, utilizando o método do flutuador, por fim, foi determinado Índice de Qualidade da Água. Mediante os resultados obtidos por meio do monitoramento, as análises dos parâmetros DBO5, OD, Fósforo Total, pH e Óleos e Graxas, apresentaram de acordo com a Resolução nº 357/05 do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente, para rios de classe 2. Os resultados de turbidez mantiveram-se em geral inferiores ao limite máximo indicado pela legislação vigente: 100 NTU. As concentrações de coliformes Escherichia Coli apresentaram-se valores superiores ao limite de 1000 NMP/100mL permitido pela Resolução CONAMA nº375/05 nos pontos PB4 e PB3 no mês de agosto de 2010, e nos meses de abril e junho de 2011. As maiores concentrações de coliforme totais foram no período de cheia, no mês de agosto de 2011. As vazões a montante e jusante da cidade de Humaitá-AM, mantiveram-se maiores no período de cheia por causa do aumento da precipitação na bacia. O Índice de Qualidade da Água foi classificado como ótimo e bom, para os períodos de cheia e vazante, respectivamente.
Eficiência Elétrica e Distorções Harmônicas com o uso dos Conversores de Frequência nos Sistemas de Bombeamento de Água
Authors: Vasconcellos Arnulfo Barroso de , Bridi Ângelo Bernardo , Lima Luciana Oliveira da Silva , Beuter Carlos Henrique , Malheiro Teresa Irene Ribeiro de Carvalho
Published: October 2017

O uso dos conversores de frequência no acionamento dos motores de indução das bombas centrífugas permite controlar a vazão de descarga proporcionada pelos sistemas de bombeamento através da rotação da bomba. O método de controle da vazão através da rotação da bomba, em termos de eficiência energética é muito mais eficaz nas reduções do consumo de energia elétrica ativa e da demanda de potência do que o método de controle feito através da regulagem na abertura da válvula ou registro. Porém, o uso do conversor de frequência gera harmônicos de corrente, ao quais podem distorcer a forma de onda senoidal da tensão da rede de fornecimento de energia elétrica. Dentro deste contexto, este artigo visa mostrar vantagens na redução da vazão em sistemas de bombeamento com o uso dos conversores de frequência, mas principalmente mostrar que é preciso atenção especial aos harmônicos gerados com a utilização destes equipamentos.
Caracterização Geológica Ambiental do Distrito Afonsinho no Município de Alto Paraguai – MT
Authors: Rosa Deocleciano Bittencourt , Rocha Leonardo Cristian , Nascimento Lucelma Aparecida , Siqueira Alberto José Barros
Published: October 2017

Este artigo está baseado em estudos geológicos ambientais, realizados na área do Distrito Afonsinho, pertencente ao município de Alto Paraguai, situado na porção Centro-Sul do Estado de Mato Grosso, e drenado pelo rio Paraguai. Aqui estão contidos resultados obtidos em trabalhos de campo e de gabinete, realizados tendo como objetivo maior à questão ambiental dentro da ótica de um levantamento geológico ambiental regional na escala 1:100.000. Dentro deste pensamento foram evidenciados os aspectos mais significativos no que tange a estes estudos, onde foram determinados os recursos naturais, associados com as características climáticas, a geologia regional, a compartimentação geomorfológica, os solos, a hidrografia e a cobertura vegetal. Esses dados estão associados com os resultados dos trabalhos de campo do mapeamento em questão, e de estudos laboratoriais que nos conduziram a edificação de um mapa geoambiental. Estão contidos nesta descrição alguns tópicos que consideramos importantes a fim de ilustrá-la e enfatizá-la.
Classes de Resistência de Algumas Madeiras de Mato Grosso
Authors: Jesus José Manoel Henriques de , Logsdon Norman Barros , Finger Zenesio
Published: October 2017

Atualmente o cálculo de estruturas de madeira é direcionado para a utilização de classes de resistência, mas o comércio de madeiras, no Brasil, não classifica a madeira em classes de resistência e, no máximo, fornece o nome vulgar da espécie arbórea da madeira em negociação. Para associar o nome vulgar da espécie à classe de resistência é necessário caracterizar mecanicamente a madeira em questão.  O objetivo deste trabalho é relacionar ao nome vulgar de algumas espécies mato-grossenses à sua classe de resistência, a fim de subsidiar os engenheiros da região em seus projetos de estruturas de madeira. Para isto, foram caracterizadas 26 espécies nativas de Mato Grosso, utilizando os atuais métodos da norma brasileira, e estes resultados foram associados às classes de resistência destas espécies.
Resíduos sólidos, mais que uma Questão Ambiental, uma Questão Social
Authors: Alves Diego Henrique Correa , Ishii Francine Maky , Morais Herminio Augusto de Souza , Hoffmann Hugo , Silva Simone Raquel Caldeira Moreira da , Marchetto Margarida
Published: October 2017

Este Trabalho visa relatar a experiência e os conhecimentos obtidos sobre o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos, a partir de  um diagnóstico realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso (IFMT - CAMPUS CUIABÁ),  Campus Octayde Jorge da Silva. O projeto de extensão contou com apoio financeiro do CNPq, Chamada CNPq/VALE S.A. Nº 05/2012 - Forma-Engenharia, projeto nº 454837/2012-7 e  integrou o Projeto Gestão dos Recursos Hídricos e Resíduos sólidos. Este projeto teve duração de 14 meses e foi dividido em três etapas. Na primeira etapa foi realizado o levantamento das  normas técnicas relativas a resíduos sólidos. Na segunda foi feito o diagnóstico da produção de resíduos sólidos na Instituição, tanto no quesito qualidade, quanto no quesito quantidade. Na terceira etapa realizou-se a análise das informações e  o desenvolvimento de algumas técnicas de educação ambiental com o intuito de contribuir na conscientização dos frequentadores do IFMT - CAMPUS CUIABÁ. Durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa notaram-se várias irregularidades com relação ao armazenamento e o destino dos resíduos sólidos produzidos na Instituição. Os dados levantados, assim como as medidas tomadas com o intuito de minimizar os problemas que apareceram de forma cotidiana no Campus serão apresentados ao longo do artigo. Observou-se que as ações de educação ambiental adotadas não surtiram o efeito esperado junto à comunidade da instituição avaliada, talvez devido ao tempo curto ou à forma de abordagem. O artigo traz um breve relato sobre a importância da reciclagem dos resíduos sólidos na área da construção civil, inclusive analisando a visita à Eco Ambiental, empresa responsável pelo recolhimento e pela reciclagem de todos os resíduos sólidos referentes à construção civil da grande Cuiabá.