bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ontogenetic differences in muscle fatty acid profile of white sharks Carcharodon carcharias off Guadalupe Island, México
Authors: Alderete-Macal María José , Caraveo-Patiño Javier , Hoyos-Padilla Edgar Mauricio
Published: August 2020

Carcharodon carcharias is a protected species occupying the apex of most marine foodwebs where they are present. Aggregation areas, such as Guadalupe Island, México,  that have been related to feeding events, are of special interest for this species conservation. The aim of this study was to describe the fatty acid profile of C. carcharias' muscle for the first time on Guadalupe Island, using non-lethal biopsy methods to determine ontogenetic and sex differences in relation to diet and habitat use. Fatty acid profiles and biomarkers from different individuals are explored as a source of integrated information of their diet. Analysis of the fatty acid composition of individuals with varying total lengths (2.3-5.0 m) suggested a dietary shift between juveniles and adults occurring at aproximately 3 m. Fatty acid biomarkers indicated a higher degree of carnivorism in adults than in juveniles. Additionally, these ecological tracers suggested that juveniles feed in shallow waters close to the coast, while adults feed in deep waters along inshore and offshore areas. This study represents a first step towards using fatty acid composition as a relevant tool for further understanding dietary shifts and habitat use throughout the ontogeny of C. carcharias. However, to corroborate this, further studies with larger sample sizes are required.
Análisis de la pesquería de jaiba en la región sureste del golfo de California, México
Authors: Ortega-Lizárraga Gilberto Genaro , Rodríguez-Domínguez Guillermo , Pérez-González Raúl , Aragón-Noriega E. Alberto , Mendivil-Mendoza Jaime Edzael
Published: August 2020

En el sureste del golfo de California, en el estado de Sinaloa, la pesquería de las jaibas Callinectes arcuatus y C. bellicosus es la segunda más importante para los pescadores ribereños, después de la pesquería del camarón. Su captura se realiza durante casi todo el año, solo se suspende en los meses de su veda y al inicio de la temporada de pesca del camarón. La pesquería se realiza en diferentes zonas del estado y representa una gran fuente de ingresos en el sector de pesca ribereña, por ello la estimación de parámetros como la biomasa en el máximo rendimiento sostenible (BMRS) y el máximo rendimiento sostenible (MRS) son fundamentales para su manejo sustentable. En la presente investigación, se utilizó la serie de captura oficial de 1993-2012 para 7 zonas de Sinaloa, México, con la finalidad de detectar posibles problemas de sobre-explotación del recurso. Los valores de tasa de incremento poblacional (r) calculados por el método de captura-MRS variaron entre 0,89 y 1,4, con una capacidad de carga (k) entre 390 y 14.814 t y un MRS de 131 a 3.302 t para las diversas zonas analizadas, mientras que en el análisis para todo el estado se estimó una r de 0,97, k de 32.550 t y un MRS de 7.895 t. En dos de las siete zonas y en la evaluación global, la biomasa estimada se calculó por debajo de la BMRS, por lo que se recomienda la reducción de la captura por debajo del límite inferior calculado al 95%, con el objetivo de que el stock pueda regenerarse.
USO DA LITERATURA DE CORDEL PARA EXPLICAR A METODOLOGIA ATIVA APRENDIZAGEM BASEADA EM PROBLEMAS
Authors: De Siqueira Edmilson Clarindo , Matamoros Jose Anibal , De la Cruz Celia Bertha Vargas
Published: August 2020

A literatura de cordel é uma poesia de caráter popular e tem sido muito utilizada como ferramenta de ensino na educação básica. No ensino superior ela ainda é escassa e com poucas incursões temáticas. Devido as suas características lúdica, dinâmica e de comunicação criativa, o cordel é um instrumento didático facilitador da aprendizagem. O objetivo deste trabalho foi utilizar a literatura de cordel para explicar as principais características da técnica de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas. Trata-se de um estudo de caráter qualitativo interdisciplinar com enfoque cultural nos participantes. Utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica em plataformas virtuais, como Scielo e Google Acadêmico, livros e revistas científicas que deram o aporte teórico sobre o tema para montagem do texto no formato de cordel. Os participantes foram os próprios discentes da Disciplina de Estágio à Docência, 18 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 20 a 30 anos. A motivação dos discentes com literatura de cordel resultou na compreensão satisfatória da técnica de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas. A compreensão desta técnica ainda incorre em dúvidas por parte dos acadêmicos e, neste trabalho, ela foi abordada de forma lúdica e artística através da literatura de cordel.
“FAKE NEWS AMBIENTAIS”: UMA PROPOSTA ECOPEDAGÓGICA APLICADA NO CONTEXTO UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: COUTINHO CADIDJA , Ruppenthal Raquel , Amaral Cisnara Pires
Published: August 2020

Diante de um movimento proativo à natureza nas diferentes esferas sociais, como a Educação Ambiental pode se transformar em uma oportunidade de construção de novas formas de conhecer, pensar e agir? O presente estudo buscou proporcionar aos alunos do Ensino Superior uma atividade didática voltada ao desenvolvimento da criticidade em relação aos problemas ambientais. A proposta foi intitulada “Fake News Ambientais”, na qual acadêmicos do Curso de Ciências da Natureza foram convidados a estudar problemáticas ambientais publicadas em âmbito municipal, e partir destas, produzir fake news que propusessem soluções e/ou indicativos para equacionar a relação homem e natureza. Participaram da proposta 17 alunos, que organizados em grupos, propuseram notícias fictícias que visavam a formação de um ideário ecológico reflexivo e a solução de problemáticas locais pertinentes ao contexto dos participantes da atividade. Nesta perspectiva, entende-se que o essencial é efetivar propostas norteadas pela contextualização e que assegurem aos alunos formação consistente de aportes teóricos e práticos sobre a relação homem-ambiente. A formação integral aliada à perspectiva crítica favorece o discernimento e capacidade para realizar escolhas, não apenas nas necessidades de consumo de bens e serviços, mas principalmente, considerando a sustentabilidade.
OFICINA SOBRE O USO DO LIVRO DIDÁTICO NA FORMAÇÃO INICIAL
Authors: Ferreira Figueirôa Matheus , Do Amaral Moreira Maria Cristina
Published: August 2020

A oficina que apresentamos resulta de pesquisa realizada em um Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica, que tem como objetivo levar licenciandos em física a refletirem sobre o livro didático e sua utilização em sala de aula. Embora nem sempre se reconheça o livro didático tem o papel de agente de formação e legitimação das ações docentes, a pressuposição do estudo é a de que a carência de discussão, do uso do livro didático em graduações, compromete a qualidade da formação de professores. Para aprofundar elementos de produção, consumo e disseminação do livro didático, propusemos uma oficina pedagógica realizada com licenciandos a partir de três momentos didáticos. No primeiro momento, pedimos para que escrevessem aspectos relevantes na escolha do livro de física, no segundo, entregamos livros didáticos de física, aprovados no PNLD, para que analisassem e explicitassem quais deles utilizariam em suas aulas, justificando sua escolha; e no último momento, pedimos um plano de aula, a partir do que discutimos sobre o uso alternativo do livro didático. Os resultados mostraram que, no diz respeito à escolha do livro, os licenciandos apontam vários aspectos como fundamentais, tais como: a linguagem adequada, os exercícios, as ilustrações e outros. Entretanto, quando planejem o ensino a partir do uso do livro, ainda permanecem ideias pouco alternativas, deixando crer a necessidade de aprendizado e reflexão sobre as múltiplas formas de uso do livro, sobretudo em combinação com outros materiais.
Political institutions and investor protection
Authors: Geller Gabriel , Guedes Maria João
Published: August 2020

This study examines how political institutions are associated with investor protection. Our results show that consensual political institutions have higher creditor protection but lower minority shareholder protection. Further, the system of government (parliamentary vs. presidential) and the level of democracy are the two dimensions of political institutions that best explain investor protection. The study presents some recommendations that add to the debate that shows that there is no single political theory or set of factors that fully explain the range of outcomes across OECD countries, and that looking to other dimensions of political institutions are useful to explain investor protection.
β-Cell–Specific Deletion of HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A) Reductase Causes Overt Diabetes due to Reduction of β-Cell Mass and Impaired Insulin Secretion
Authors: Takei Shoko , Nagashima Shuichi , Takei Akihito , Yamamuro Daisuke , Wakabayashi Tetsuji , Murakami Akiko , Isoda Masayo , Yamazaki Hisataka , Ebihara Chihiro , Takahashi Manabu , Ebihara Ken , Dezaki Katsuya , Takayanagi Yuki , Onaka Tatsushi , Fujiwara Ken , Yashiro Takashi , Ishibashi Shun
Published: August 2020

Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), statins, which are used to prevent cardiovascular diseases, are associated with a modest increase in the risk of new-onset diabetes. To investigate the role of HMGCR in the development of β-cells and glucose homeostasis, we deleted Hmgcr in a β-cell–specific manner by using the Cre-loxP technique. Mice lacking Hmgcr in β-cells (β-KO) exhibited hypoinsulinemic hyperglycemia as early as postnatal day 9 (P9) due to decreases in both β-cell mass and insulin secretion. Ki67-positive cells were reduced in β-KO mice at P9; thus, β-cell mass reduction was caused by proliferation disorder immediately after birth. The mRNA expression of neurogenin3 (Ngn3), which is transiently expressed in endocrine progenitors of the embryonic pancreas, was maintained despite a striking reduction in the expression of β-cell–associated genes, such as insulin, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1), and MAF BZIP transcription factor A (Mafa) in the islets from β-KO mice. Histological analyses revealed dysmorphic islets with markedly reduced numbers of β-cells, some of which were also positive for glucagon. In conclusion, HMGCR plays critical roles not only in insulin secretion but also in the development of β-cells in mice.
Divergent Trajectories of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Years Before Pregnancy in Women With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Retnakaran Ravi , Shah Baiju R.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Women who develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an elevated lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease, which has been attributed to an adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile that is apparent even within the first year postpartum. Given its presence in the early postpartum, we hypothesized that this adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile may develop over time in the years before pregnancy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

With population-based administrative databases, we identified all nulliparous women in Ontario, Canada, who had singleton pregnancies between January 2011 and December 2016 and two or more measurements of the following analytes between 2007 and the start of pregnancy: A1C, fasting glucose, random glucose, lipids, and transaminases. This population consisted of 8,047 women who developed GDM and 93,114 women who did not.

RESULTS

The two most recent pregravid tests were performed at a median of 0.61 years and 1.86 years before pregnancy, respectively. Women who went on to develop GDM had higher pregravid A1C, fasting glucose, random glucose, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and ALT and lower HDL cholesterol than their peers (all P < 0.0001). Notably, in the years before pregnancy, women who went on to develop GDM had higher annual increases than their peers in A1C (1.9-fold higher) (difference 0.0089%/year [95% CI 0.0043–0.0135]) and random glucose (4.3-fold), greater annual decrease in HDL cholesterol (5.5-fold), and lesser annual decline in LDL cholesterol (0.4-fold) (all P ≤ 0.0002). During this time, fasting glucose and triglycerides increased in women who developed GDM but decreased in their peers (both P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

The adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile of women with GDM evolves over time in the years before pregnancy.
Optimizing Therapeutic Outcomes With Oral Semaglutide: A Patient-Centered Approach
Authors: Isaacs Diana M. , Kruger Davida F. , Spollett Geralyn R.
Published: August 2020

In September 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved oral semaglutide as the first orally administered glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist for treating people with type 2 diabetes. Although injectable GLP-1 receptor agonists are well-established treatment options for people with type 2 diabetes, clinical experience with an oral formulation in this class is limited. This article provides practical guidance for diabetes care and education specialists on how to effectively counsel patients initiating therapy with oral semaglutide on appropriate administration of the treatment and its possible effects on glycemic control, body weight, and quality of life. Strategies for mitigating potential side effects typical of the GLP-1 receptor agonist class, namely nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, are also provided. Involving patients in treatment decisions and educating them about available and prescribed medications are key strategies for encouraging treatment adherence and ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Application of semiconductor continuous and Nd:YAG pulsed laser processing for nondestructive cleaning of the historical paper
Authors: Petronic Sanja , Stevic Zoran , Dimitrijevic Silvana , Rajcic Boris , Milovanovic Dubravka
Published: August 2020

Preservation of cultural legacy is essential for ensuring its availability for future generations. Long-term indoor storage can sometimes cause the papers to adhere, which can result in the transfer of ink stamps or prints from paper to paper, and subsequently, there emerges the need to remove these types of stains. Laser cleaning emerged as a promising technique for paper surface cleaning. This work presents the laser cleaning of a historical paper dated to the end of the 19th century using the Nd:YAG laser in a nanosecond pulsed regime, at two wavelengths, 532 and 1064 nm, and a semiconductor laser in a continuous regime, at a 552 nm wavelength. The cleaned areas are observed by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry. The obtained results are discussed in terms of the laser cleaning efficiency characterized by several aspects. The results obtained by green and near-IR laser irradiation in pulsed and continuous regime are compared, showing favorable effects regardless of the laser wavelength. However, in some cases, laser cleaning at 1064 nm wavelength damaged the surface layer of the paper. Cleaning at 532 nm wavelength did not completely remove the ink, and the ink traces were visible under the microscope or spectrometer. The proposed efficient cleaning method for stain, dust, and stamp ink removal from historical papers includes a semiconductor laser at 552 nm, owing to the continuous action of its beam.
Frecuencia del envenenamiento por mordeduras de serpientes y perfil sociodemográfico en una población de la Amazonía ecuatoriana y revisión de la literatura.
Authors: Ochoa Andrade Miguel Jacob
Published: August 2020

Introducción. La mordedura por serpiente, denominada ofidismo o accidente ofídico, es una patología tropical y urgencia médica con tasas de morbilidad considerable. Su severidad se clasifica en envenenamiento leve, moderado y severo. Objetivo. Determinar el perfil sociodemográfico y la frecuencia del envenenamiento del accidente ofídico en la población del Cantón Taisha. Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos, retrospectivo, descriptivo. Se incluyó 116 pacientes con diagnóstico de ofidismo atendidos en primer y segundo nivel de atención del Cantón Taisha durante el período 2017-2018. Se analizaron datos demográficos como sexo, grupo etario, etnia, grado de severidad y estacionalidad. Se creó una base en Microsoft Excel 2013 y se procesó con el programa Epi Info 7. Resultados. El accidente ofídico predominó en hombres (60,34%), y en adultos (55,17 %). La parroquia más frecuente fue Macuma (31,90%), la etnia predominante fue indígena con (99,14%). El envenenamiento mínimo (50%), moderado (37,07%), y severo (12,93%), con más prevalencia en los meses de junio, agosto y noviembre con el 12,07% cada uno. Conclusión. Las características sociodemográficas, así como los porcentajes de envenenamiento obtenidos en el presente estudio tienen una buena correlación con resultados emitidos por el Ministerio de Salud Pública.
Superimposed Nephrotic Syndrome in Diabetic Patients: 15 Cases of Mismatched Clinicopathological Correlation
Authors: El-Reshaid Kamel , Al-Bader Shaikha
Published: August 2020

The spectrum of renal disease in patients with diabetes encompasses both diabetic kidney disease (including albuminuric and non-albuminuric phenotypes) and non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD). Acute nephrotic syndrome (NS) with short duration of diabetes indicates NDKD. Moreover, such presentation is atypical in patients with IgA nephropathy and pre-eclampsia and hence warrants kidney biopsy to rule out treatable glomerulopathy. In this case series; we present our experience with 15 patients with atypical NS and outline their management.
Case Report and Literature Review: Unusual Presentation of Genitourinary & Gastrointestinal Metastases from Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Al-Musalhi Khadija , Al-Qassabi Badryia , Al-Ajmi Radiya , Al-Aghbari Suad
Published: August 2020

Unlike invasive ductal carcinoma, lobular carcinoma exhibits a distinct metastatic pattern. It is likely to spread to gynecological organs, peritoneum, retroperitoneum, brain and gastrointestinal tract in comparison to ductal carcinoma, which spreads to liver, lung, and brain tissues. The diagnosis becomes more unlikely on the rare occasion when it represents the first manifestation of breast cancer. It is important to differentiate the metastasis from primary carcinoma of genital or GI tract as the management substantially differs. In this report; we present a 47 years-old female patient who presented with gynecological organs & gastrointestinal tract involvement as initial presentation and literature review done for these unusual sites of metastasis.
Application and Evaluation of Case-Based Learning as a Part of Early Clinical Exposure for Undergraduate Medical Education Program
Authors: Daulatabad Vandana , K. Prafull , Kadadi-Patil Dr. Surekha S. , Patil Ramesh S.
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Medical Education is witnessing a significant transition and global shift towards competency based medical education (CBME) which includes early clinical exposure (ECE) program to help students apply and correlate principles of preclinical subjects with clinical scenarios, in various forms and in a variety of settings. One of the easy and feasible methods of ECE being Case Based Learning (CBL), our study aimed to design a case scenario and to evaluate impact of case base learning as a part of ECE module in first year undergraduate medical teaching program in nerve muscle physiology. Methods: The present study was conducted in 96 students at Ashwini Rural Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Solapur after obtaining institutional ethics committee approval. 3 hrs session of CBL was conducted for a case scenario on myasthenia gravis in the nerve muscle physiology module. The students’ responses on pre-test, post-test and their insights regarding the CBL were taken through a pre validated questionnaire using 5-point Likert scale. Results: High impact of CBL was seen as significant improvement in student’s performance. Maximum students felt CBL to be easy method of learning and was highly appreciated through their feedback. Conclusion: CBL was found to have positive impact on understanding and perception of topic. CBL helped students to understand, evaluate, analyze, diagnose and interpret the case, paving them towards newer approach of self-directed and vertical integrated learning. CBL is easier, feasible an effective method among other early clinical exposure methods as it involves students in deeper and self-directed active learning, encouraging and promoting them to reach higher levels of cognitive domain of Bloom’s taxonomy. This method will be very useful in its practical implementation during online classes for ECE module in the threat of COVID 19 situation as well.
Pengaruh Sistem Olah Tanah Jangka Panjang, Pemupukan N dan Residu N terhadap Serapan Hara Mikro dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L) Setelah Pengolahan Lahan Kembali
Authors: Yupitasari Meza , Utomo Muhajir , Karyanto Agus , Salam Abdul Kadir
Published: August 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk melihat bagaimana pengaruh TOT jangka panjang yang diolah kembali dan residu pemupukan N terhadap produksi dan serapan hara tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian jangka panjang tahun ke-30 yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga Juni 2017. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan rancangan split-split plot, tiga faktor dengan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah sistem TOT dan olah tanah minimum (OTM) yang telah diolah, dan olah tanah intensif (OTI). Faktor ke dua pemupukan  nitrogen  dengan dosis 0 kg N ha-1 (N0), dan 200 kg N ha-1 (N1). Faktor ke tiga residu nitrogen,yaitu residu 0 kg N ha-1 (N0r); dan residu 200 kg N ha-1 (N1r). Data dianalisis ragam menggunakan program statistik 8 dan uji lanjutan dengan menggunakan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian tahun ke-30 menunjukkan bahwa setelah lahan TOT jangka panjang dilakukan pengolahan kembali dapat meningkatakan serapan hara mikro (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu dan B) dan produksi TOT (5,99 t ha-1) lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan OTM  (5,23 t ha-1)  dan OTI (4,43 t ha-1). Pemupukan 200 kg N ha-1 menghasilkan serapan hara mikro (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu dan B) dan  perlakuan 200 kg N ha-1 (5,90 t ha -1) memiliki produksi yang tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan 0 kg N ha-1 (4,53 t ha-1). Residu N berpengaruh nyata terhadap serapan hara Mn dan produksi tertinggi pada residu 200 kg N ha-1 (5,59 t ha-1). Hal ini berkaitan erat dengan pengolahan kembali pada lahan TOT memacu mineralisasi bahan organik tanah dan melepasakan hara yang dibutuhkan dan tersedia bagi tanaman. Selain itu pada lahan TOT menggunakan prinsip pengembalian sisa tanaman sebagai mulsa, sehingga akan meningkatkan kualitas tanah dan meningkatkan kelembaban, ketersedian air tanah, perbaikan agregasi dan prositas, sehingga akan meningkatkan serapa hara tanaman dalam membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan produksi tanaman jagung.
Corn Growth and Yield on Suboptimal Upland Soil After Amended with Biochar and Low Levels of Fertilizer in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Sutarman Gafur  , Saeri Sagiman  , Tatang Abdurrahman
Published: August 2020

Biochar is already well-known as a soil amendment material that has great potential to improve degraded soil properties. However, in order to maximize its role in improving important soil characteristics to support plant growth, it needs to be combined with other potential materials. In this study we are seeking a treatment package that is potentially useful and locally affordable.  This experiment is designed to study the effects of biochar and low input of NPK treatment packages on corn growth and yield in suboptimal upland soil of West Kalimantan, and to study the impact of these treatments on some important soil characteristics.  Four treatment levels were used: T0 (control), T1 (Biochar 5% (W/W), and NPK 300kg/ha), T2 (Biochar 5%, and NPK 600 kg/ha), T3 (Biochar 10% and NPK300 kg/ha, and T4 (Biochar 10% and NPK 600 kg/ha). Each treatment had four replications.  The results show that total plant dry weight increased from 151 g/plant (T1) to 237 g/plant (T4), while total corn production increased from 12.9 (T1) to 15.7 ton/ha (T4).  Furthermore, all treatment packages also significantly increased soil pH, C-organic content, CEC, and soil C/N ratios.  Moreover, the content of N, P, K, in the soil by the end of the experiment also increased on average 163, 1143, and 432%, respectively.  In short, all biochar based treatments significantly increased plant growth, yields, and some important soil charactersitics.  We highly recommend T3, with lower NPK levels than normally recommended, as a treatment package to be further field tested in suboptimal upland soil in West Kalimantan.
Identifikasi Penyakit Bercak Daun Coklat dan Busuk Umbi pada Tanaman Ubikayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) akibat Penambahan Pupuk KCl dan “Zincmicro”
Authors: Cemi Wulan Miarti  , Efri  , Muhammad Syamsoel Hadi  , Radix Suharjo
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pupuk KCl dan ZincMicro pada tanaman ubikayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) terhadap keparahan penyakit bercak daun coklat (Cercospora henningsii), keterjadian penyakit busuk umbi.  Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai bulan April 2018 hingga Februari 2019 di Desa Sukanegara, Kecamatan Tanjung Bintang, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan dan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi, Fakultas Pertanaian, Universitas Lampung.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Tersarang (ulangan tersarang dalam perlakuan) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu A. dosis sesuai kebiasaan petani (200 kg KCl ha-1), B. peningkatan dosis KCl menjadi 300 kg KCl ha-1, C. A + penambahan 20 kg ZincMicro ha-1, dan D. B + penambahan 20 kg ZincMicro ha-1.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk KCl dengan penambahan ZincMicro mampu menekan keparahan penyakit bercak daun coklat (Cercospora henningsii). Penambahan pupuk KCl dan ZincMicro tidak mampu menekankan keterjadian penyakit busuk umbi.
Evaluación de la calidad del huevo marrón comercial del cantón La Troncal, Ecuador
Authors: Vera-Rodríguez José Humberto , Cepeda-Landin Wilson Eder , Torres-Ajila Katherine Maribel , Bueno-Guallpa Evelyn Katiusca , Mendoza-López Carlos Alexander , Merchan-Pucha Bolivar Taurino , Carpio-Gómez Jennifer Jessenia , Rivera-Rivera Doris Mirella
Published: August 2020

Se evaluó la calidad del huevo marrón comercial del cantón La Troncal, Ecuador. Se estudiaron un total de 1200 huevos (parroquia La Troncal, 400 huevos; parroquia Manuel J. Calle, 400 huevos y parroquia Pancho Negro, 400 huevos). Se realizó el análisis físico externo que incluye peso de huevo, espesor y peso de cáscara, y el análisis físico interno, que incluye diámetro, y altura de clara y de yema. Se clasificaron los huevos según color, peso y forma. Cada parroquia se consideró un tratamiento y las medias de las variables del análisis físico externo y del interno, fueron separadas utilizando la prueba de Tukey (p≤0.05). Los colores 90, 100 y 110, fueron los más frecuentes. Según el peso del huevo, las categorías más frecuentes fueron extragrande (38%), grande (30%) y gigante (19%). Según la forma, la mayor frecuencia fue de huevos ovoides y redondos (92%), siendo más frecuentes, entre estas dos categorías, los huevos ovoides. Las aves de la parroquia Manuel J. Calle produjeron (p≤0.05) huevos más grandes, con mayor diámetro y altura de clara, con mayor altura de yema, con mayor peso y espesor de cáscara, color marrón más obscuro y principalmente huevos ovoides, mientras que las demás parroquias produjeron valores levemente inferiores. En conclusión, las parroquias de La Troncal, Ecuador, producen huevos grandes, con buen diámetro y altura de clara, y color francamente marrón, es decir producen huevos de muy buena calidad.
Cultura local y regeneración urbana: un caso de estudio en Monterrey, Nuevo León
Authors: Garza-Rodríguez Fabiola , Roca Elisabet , Villares Míriam
Published: August 2020

Desde hace varias décadas, la cultura se ha utilizado como instrumento de regeneración urbana para revitalizar las zonas degradadas. Si bien existe gran cantidad de investigaciones que estudian el fenómeno, hace falta ampliar el debate hacia las etapas de diagnóstico y planeación. Este artículo busca responder a ese vacío mediante el estudio de la técnica del mapeo cultural y de su aplicación en un caso de estudio: el centro de Monterrey, México, para identificar zonas potenciales de aglomeración de cultura. Estas zonas, conocidas como clústeres culturales, pudieran estar generando procesos de regeneración urbana que contribuyen en la revitalización del lugar. Se utiliza un método mixto de análisis que conjunta datos cuantitativos con métodos cualitativos. Los resultados muestran la existencia de dos clústeres culturales en el centro, conformados por distintos actores, diferenciados por variados tejidos urbanos, que ayudan a potenciar la regeneración del centro de Monterrey.
Una evaluación de la disponibilidad y la calidad de las estadísticas mexicanas sobre la contaminación del ambiente
Authors: Mercado García Alfonso , López Pérez Carlos Roberto
Published: August 2020

Es muy poco lo que se sabe sobre la disponibilidad de los datos mexicanos relativos a la contaminación ambiental y menos aún sobre su calidad. El objetivo del presente documento, entonces, es precisamente dar un paso en este conocimiento, mediante una evaluación en temas selectos, siguiendo un método de la escala de Likert. Los temas estudiados son: la contaminación del agua, las emisiones a la atmósfera, los residuos sólidos y la contaminación generada por empresas y hogares. Se detectan mayores limitaciones en la disponibilidad que en la calidad de los datos estudiados. Ello se agrava en tres temas: la relación de la empresa con el ambiente, la de hogar-ambiente y la de residuos sólidos, aunque se observan avances en los dos primeros temas durante el último lustro. Los mayores retos de disponibilidad y calidad se centran en los residuos sólidos. En las causas de estos problemas destaca la falta de buenos registros administrativos y una desvinculación entre la oferta de información estadística y su demanda en los sectores de investigación científica y de toma de decisiones.
Exploration of potential wild medicinal mushrooms from Pocut Meurah Intan forest park, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: KUSUMA HENDRIX INDRA , HARNELLY ESSY , THOMY ZAIRIN , FITRA MUHAMMAD ADRIYAN , SAMINGAN SAMINGAN
Published: August 2020

Mushroom is one of living things with abundant diversity and has various beneficial potentials; one of them is as medicine. The use of mushrooms as medicine has long been known primarily as traditionally made herbs and the knowledge has been passed down for generations. The Pocut Meurah Intan Forest Park as a conservation forest, stores a variety of mushrooms in it. Data about the type of mushroom that has medicinal potential existed in the forest park has never been published so it is important to do so. This study aims to record the types of mushrooms that have benefits as medicines. The method used is an exploratory survey through a trail or tracking path then identified as a medicinal mushroom base on literature studies. The results of the study found 15 species of mushrooms that have potential as medicine, namely Cookeina tricholoma, Sarcoscypha coccinea, Tremella fuciformis, Auricularia auricula-judae, Flammulina velutipes, Schizophyllum commune, Scleroderma citrinum, Boletus edulis, Trametes versicolor, Lentinus tigrinus, Lentinus squarosulus, Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma resinaceum, Thelephora ganbajun and Lycoperdon echinatum. This shows that Pocut Meurah Intan Forest Park has great resources and potential that can be utilized for the benefit of the surrounding community, and it needs to be preserved so that diversity is maintained and can be used by future generations.
Ethical characteristics of everyday life of the Besermyan in the “Experience of Ethnographic Research” by N. P. Steinfeld
Authors: Robustova Elena Vital'evna
Published: August 2020

The object of this research is the publicistic documental “The Besermyan” –  the experience of unrenowned author of the turn of XIX – XX centuries Nikolai Pavlovich Steinfeld. The subject of this research is the moral and household lifestyle of the Besermyan – the indigenous people localized in the territory near Cheptsa River Basin. The author underlines that distinctness and traditional values of culture the Besermyan people have been retained until the present, this is why in the late XX century, their historical name has been restored in the register of independent peoples of Russia. The methods of historiographical analysis allow conducting critical analysis of the popular science composition of N. P. Steinfeld on the Besermyan as a written ethnographic source of the late XIX century. Assessment is conducted on the level of historical authenticity of reflection of lifestyle and habitudes of the Besermyan in prerevolutionary period. Considering current ethnographic data and practical tasks on preservation of cultural heritage of the past, the author determines the scientific-historical meaning of Steinfeld’s article as one of that provides fullest description of culture of the Besermyan in prerevolutionary scientific works.
Works of the artist Yue Minjun in the dialogue of traditions of Western European and Chinese painting
Authors: Wang Jitai
Published: August 2020

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the visualized ego-image of the artist with grinning face as the key character of Yue Minjun’s paintings – one of the prominent representatives of cynical realism trend in Chinese contemporary painting. The image is interpreted through the prism of Chinese socialism, Eastern and Western art traditions.  The author describes in detail the works from different series, determines typical features of individual manners, and compares works for revealing the common to cynical realism set of artistic means. The article elucidates the concept of interaction of the techniques of Western and Chinese paining using the particular examples, including Yue Minjun’s thoughts on the psychology of art overall, their analysis, and conclusions formulated for more profound understanding of his artworks. Yue Minjun opts for the diverse expressive means and game approaches depending on the goal: symbols of mass culture, recognizable classical themes of Western European painting, computer technologies, cartographic representations, as well as subjective mental images – for creating certain visual symbols carrying on a dialogue with the audience. The concept of his works consists in the ironic attitude to life underlying the cynical realism. It is evident that the modern Chinese paining entered the era of bie-modern.
The Crusades in the Arab Discourse on Palestine (1917-1948): cultural aspect
Authors: Sokolov Oleg
Published: August 2020

In the late XX – early XXI century, the Arab discourse on the issue of Palestine remains saturated with references to the Crusades (1099-1291), and likening the current tribulation of the history of Palestine to the medieval events. Modern historiography traces the growth in popularity of such reminiscences beginning from 1948, while modern literature practically has no mentions of the used of the “anti-Crusades rhetoric” by the Arab cultural figures prior to this data. The object of this research is the mobilization of historical memory in Arab culture of the first half of the XX century; the subject is reference to the topic of the Crusades in the Arab literary texts of 1917-1948 dedicated to the Palestinian issue. Analysis of literary works of the Arab cultural figures of the early XX century demonstrated that way before Arab-Israeli War of 1948-1949, such events as Balfour Declaration (1917) and Arab revolt (1936-1938) were being actively compared by the Arab poets and dramaturgists to the era of the Crusades. In the period from 1917 to 1948, the author highlights the following types of references of the Arab cultural figured to the era of the Crusades in relation to the Palestine issue: blaming of Europe for conducting a new Crusade, manifestations of which were declared the activity of the mandate administrations and arrival of the Jewish settlers; reminding of failure of the Crusades, which should have served as the warning for the modern Europeans; revival of heroic memory of the Palestinians in confrontation of the European crusaders in the Middle Ages, which should have inspire the contemporaries to fight for their land.
Role of culture in preservation of ethnic identity of Armenians in the V century
Authors: Sukhodolskaya Elena Sergeevna
Published: August 2020

The subject of this article is the cultural activity of Armenians in the V century aimed at preservation of national unity in the conditions of loss of statehood and exacerbated situation of population of the Eastern and Western Armenia. The object of this article is the Armenian leaders of the V century who impacted cultural development of the region of that time. Detailed analysis is conducted on such aspects of topic, as creation of national witting system, proliferation of education and emergence of national literature, development of architectural thought. Special attention is paid to the role of the Church in cultural development, as well as the appeared momocanons, which became the legal framework for the secular and ecclesiastical life. The scientific novelty of this research is defined by a new trend in historical science related to the study of ethnic identity. In medieval studies, this topic is of special importance, since peoples and states of that time often experienced the loss of sovereignty and statehood, which complicates the processes of ethnic self-identification of population. The work analyses the sources that describe cultural development of Eastern and Western Armenia, which allows speaking of the degree of preservation of national identity of the people, their unity against the threat of assimilation and loss of uniqueness. The made conclusions underline the significance of cultural development for the formation, preservation and development of ethnic identity of the people under a threat of assimilation or mandatory integration.
Teaching Gender and Sexuality in the Wake of the Must Fall Movements: Mutual Disruption through the Lens of Critical Pedagogy
Authors: Andrews Grant
Published: August 2020

The recent Must Fall movements shone a light on how South African universities are exclusionary spaces in many respects. In addition to the focus on racial, financial, and epistemological exclusions, the movements also highlighted how gender and sexual minorities are marginalised in university curricula and spaces. In the wake of these movements, I taught a range of courses dealing with gender and sexuality to pre-service teachers at a South African university. Using an autoethnographic approach, I recount some of the challenges I faced in teaching subject matter that many South Africans consider controversial. Students often relied on simplistic discourses of culture and religion to voice resistance to my courses and to “disrupt” my classes, while the subject matter simultaneously disrupted their deeply held concepts of identity. These moments of disruption from students, while largely intended as resistance, offered considerable pedagogical value, especially when viewed through the lens of critical pedagogy that informs my teaching approach. In this article, I use autoethnographic reflections to describe some of these moments of mutual disruption. I examine how the discussions with students have shifted after the Must Fall movements, linking the philosophy and some of the events of the movements to the ways that students are engaging differently. I argue that these pre-service teachers also hold the potential to disrupt discourses of queerphobia, gender-based violence and HIV in the South African school system. Additionally, I contend that gender and sexuality diversity deserve greater focus in teacher education in order to create critical thinking spaces that can foster reflective capacities in teachers around how they relate to learners who are gender and sexual minorities.
“A linguagem é uma instituição sem análogo”
Authors: Faria Núbia
Published: August 2020

RESUMO: Gambarara (2007) analisa o manuscrito “N.10 – Notes pour un article sur Whitney”, afirma tratar-se de um documento capital para compreender Saussure e declara ter havido, na leitura e interpretação desse manuscrito, uma homogeneização e simplificação do conteúdo das diferentes anotações de Saussure que conduz a uma supervalorização de “l’expression du rapport que Saussure entretenait avec Whitney” (p.239). Acrescenta ainda que, apesar do fato de Saussure ter citado Whitney com interesse e respeito, o genebrino mantém “un certain détachement, si on les compare aux citations de Baudouin ou de Kruszewski” (p.271). Neste trabalho, propomo-nos a examinar o referido afastamento de Saussure, destacando sua afirmação sobre ser a linguagem uma instituição sem análogo (ELG, p. 182). Assumimos ser o conceito de social subentendido na citação recolocado de forma radical na noção saussuriana de sistema, permitindo a Saussure perseguir um tratamento formal da língua. Nossa discussão baseia-se numa pesquisa de natureza bibliográfica que tem como corpus de análise A vida da linguagem de Whitney, os manuscritos saussurianos Notas para um artigo sobre Whitney e Essência dupla da linguagem e o Curso de linguística geral.
Monumenta Anchietana à luz da historiografia linguística
Authors: Ferreira Kaltner Leonardo
Published: August 2020

Discuto neste artigo a obra filológica de Armando Cardoso na edição dos Monumenta Anchietana, sua pesquisa com manuscritos e outras fontes documentais, o processo de tradução e a organização da coleção. O modelo teórico para essa análise, a partir da Historiografia Linguística, é o proposto por Pierre Swiggers (2013), pelo qual debato a ‘dimensão heurística’ da obra de Anchieta. Monumenta Anchietana é uma coleção de obras de S. José de Anchieta, SJ (1534-1597) e estudos biográficos, publicados pelas Edições Loyola no Brasil. A coleção ainda não está concluída e alguns volumes ainda não foram publicados. O missionário jesuíta Anchieta foi um dos humanistas mais representativos do século XVI no Brasil, tendo sido aluno do Real Colégio das Artes de Coimbra em 1548, antes de vir para o Brasil em 1553. Escreveu obras literárias, religiosas e históricas em quatro idiomas: latim, português, espanhol e tupi, língua indígena dos primeiros tempos da colonização no Brasil. Suas obras escritas em latim são a principal fonte para analisar a recepção da Cultura Clássica no pensamento linguístico do Brasil do século XVI.
A experiência da criança nas relações entre aquisição da linguagem, fala e escrita
Authors: Bortolini Fernanda Lopes , Santos João Ricardo Fagundes dos
Published: August 2020

A mesa redonda aqui resenhada tematiza o uso da língua na aquisição da linguagem. Cada convidado desenvolve sua apresentação enfatizando um aspecto sobre a criança e o uso da língua: Lourenço Chacon expõe sobre a relação entre práticas de oralidade e de letramento em dados não convencionais de escrita em uma abordagem discursiva; Marlete Sandra Diedrich explana sobre aquisição, fala e experiência de significação, a partir da perspectiva enunciativa benvenistiana; Gabriela Maria de Oliveira-Codinhoto apresenta sobre orações relativas e aquisição da escrita, sob a ótica funcionalista. Com suas análises, que convergem na demonstração do funcionamento e da sistematização da língua em produções linguísticas iniciais, cada um com sua singularidade, os pesquisadores mostram as potencialidades dos estudos sobre a relação da criança com a língua.
Ticagrelor vs clopidogrel na prevenção de recorrência de eventos cardiovasculares em pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda
Authors: Pinto Bianca Carollyne Martins , Lima Marlon Miguel Bianchi de , Vitoi Luciana Salman , Moura Cristiane de , Viana Thaís Martins , Silva Bernardo Vieira de Castro , Ferreira Marina Oliveira , Prado Carolina Cosenza , Lima Yago Gomes dos Reis
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Comparar a segurança e eficácia a longo prazo entre Ticagrelor e Clopidogrel na recorrência de eventos cardiovasculares. Métodos: Revisão sistemática analisando onze artigos quanto a eficácia do Ticagrelor e Clopidogrel em relação à prevenção dos efeitos adversos cardiovasculares maiores (MACEs), infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), acidente vascular encefálico (AVE), morte por causas cardiovasculares e sua segurança quanto a sangramento e dispneia. Resultados: 55,5% dos artigos que compararam a ação dos medicamentos supracitados em relação ao desfecho, MACEs verificaram melhor eficácia do Ticagrelor. 60% dos artigos que abordaram IAM e 55,5% daqueles que abordaram morte por causas cardiovasculares também constataram superioridade desse fármaco. Quanto a AVE, 12,5% dos artigos que retrataram esse desfecho tiveram resultado benéfico com o uso do Ticagrelor. Em contrapartida, ao avaliar risco de sangramento, 40% dos artigos apontou resultados inferiores em relação à ação do Ticagrelor, os quais também foram verificados quanto ao desencadeamento de dispneia, mais frequente com uso de Ticagrelor em 80% dos artigos. Considerações finais: O Ticagrelor é, no mínimo, tão eficaz quanto o Clopidogrel na prevenção dos desfechos cardiovasculares. Ainda, afirma-se que são necessários estudos multinacionais para garantir o perfil de segurança, visando guiar as decisões clínicas.
A saúde do aluno com transtorno de déficit de atenção com hiperatividade em seu processo de ensino e aprendizagem: uma revisão bibliográfica
Authors: Pretti Patricia de Cerqueira , Guisso Luana Frigulha
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Objetiva-se nesta revisão exaltar a importância de conhecer de perto a realidade dos alunos com Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) e a necessidade de garantir um processo de ensino e aprendizagem não nocivos à sua saúde. Revisão Bibliográfica: O TDAH é uma das causas de dificuldade de aprendizado de natureza neurobiológica mais comum durante a infância e à adolescência, podendo acarretar sérios prejuízos no rendimento escolar e na capacidade de se apropriar da aprendizagem adequada. Os danos à saúde do aluno com TDAH que não recebe um tratamento adequado de inteiração e pouco debruçado em medidas paliativas, podem ser desastrosos, principalmente quando se considera as necessidades do aluno e não somente a ausência de preparo do ambiente escolar ao receber essa demanda. Entende-se, para tanto, que os valores e significados sobre o TDAH se refletem no modo como as pessoas lidam com a situação. Considerações finais: Na busca por respostas a esse questionamento de inclusão para uma aprendizagem assertiva, a revisão se pautou nas práticas atuais que podem comprometer a saúde do discente com TDAH e a necessidade de uma nova intervenção no campo interacionista.