bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The development of a dynamic fracture propagation model for FRP-strengthened beam-column joints
Authors: Shahbazpanahi Shahriar
Published: May 2018

Accurate modeling is required to investigate the behavior of concrete structures strengthened by carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). There is, however, limited knowledge on the use of dynamic modeling to study the crack propagation in the beam-column joints strengthened by CFRP. A finite element model is developed to study crack propagation in the CFRP-strengthened joints under dynamic loads. A three-dimensional model is developed to predict the crack propagation under cyclic loading in the ABAQUS software. In this study, dynamic fracture analysis is used to model the crack propagation in the concrete material. Furthermore, the model is used to predict dynamic debonding in CFRP strengthened with the fracture mechanics approach. The results of the present study showed a good agreement with previous experimental results by about 7.1-11.6 %. The proposed model indicates that the crack propagation is controlled by using CFRP composites in the beam-column joint. Furthermore, it is observed that the width of strut zone in the joint increases by the using of FRP strengthening.
Dynamic characteristic of spur gear with flexible support of gearbox
Authors: Zhang Lei , Chen Changzheng , Liu Jie , Zhao Siyu
Published: May 2018

In this study, a nonlinear translation-torsion model of spur gear pair with flexible support of gearbox is proposed. The time-varying meshing stiffness, transmission error and backlash are considered in this model. Lagrange’s equations are used for establishing the mathematic model. The numerical method is presented for solutions of nonlinear differential equations. The effect of rotating speed and support stiffness of gearbox is analyzed. The numerical results show that the flexibility of the support of gearbox has a significant effect on the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the spur gear pair at low rotating speeds. The response shows flexibility while the support stiffness is smaller than the bearings and rigidity while the support stiffness is larger than the bearings. The maximum deformation of the driving gear bearings under the flexible support is generally greater than the one under rigid support.
Modelling the influence of sub-grade material parameters on the response of railway line under moving train loads
Authors: Mekonnen Aynalem , Teklebrhan Abraham
Published: May 2018

The sub-grade of the railway track subjected to dynamic loading is governed by its dynamic material parameters, the basic dynamic material parameters are unit weight, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio and the material damping. However, there is a need to identify the parameters of the sub-grade that has significant effect on the dynamic response of the railway track to achieve the specified technical requirements because the behavior of the sub-grade cannot be easily estimated or verified. Hence, this paper uses three-dimensional finite elements ABAQUS coupled with Artificial Non-Reflecting Boundary to investigate the effect of varying the unit weight, Young’s modulus, Poisson's ratio and the damping ratio of the sub-grade in the surface vibration induced at the embankment railway track in terms of Peak Vertical Velocity due to moving of the train loads. The input soil parameters used are soft clay, stiff clay, loose and dense uniform sand to demonstrate the parametric study. The predicated results show that both the Young’s modulus and damping ratio of the sub-grade have quite significant effect on the induced surface vibrations of railway track; while the influence of both unit weight and Poisson’s ratio are very small. Hence to fulfill the technical requirement of the railway track, special attention regarding to the Young’s modulus and the damping ratio of the sub-grade should be paid.
Effect of density and Poisson’s ratio on thermal induced vibration of parallelogram plate
Authors: Sharma Amit , Sharma Ashish Kumar , Kumar Vijay
Published: May 2018

The present paper provides mathematical model for the study of natural (free) vibration of non homogeneous tapered parallelogram plate on clamped boundary condition. Here non homogeneity (in material) of the plate’s means that the density and Poisson’s ratio varies circularly and exponentially respectively. For tapered, we assumed that thickness of the plate varies linearly in one direction. Bi parabolic temperature (parabolic in ζ-direction and parabolic in ψ-direction) variation on the plate is being viewed. Rayleigh Ritz method is used to solve the model (governing differential equation of motion).
An influence of the parameters of the loading heads on stability and free vibrations of a damaged column subjected to a specific load
Authors: Sokół Krzysztof
Published: May 2018

In this paper, the studies on an influence of the parameters of the loading heads on the stability and free vibrations as well as on loading capacity of the cracked column subjected to a specific load are presented. The defect of the host structure has a form of a crack and is simulated by means of the rotational spring. The boundary problem is formulated by use of Hamilton’s principle on the basis of which the differential equations of motion as well as natural boundary conditions are obtained. The main scope of this study is to estimate an influence of the parameters of the loading heads on stability and free vibrations as well as on loading capacity of the cracked column. Finally, the numerical simulations are compared to the experimental ones.
Calculation of earth pressure on rigid retaining walls with considerations to the seismic load and soil stress-deflection
Authors: Zhu Yao Liang , Yu Jin , Zhou Jian Feng , Tu Bing Xiong , Cai Yan Yan
Published: May 2018

At present, the calculation of active earth pressure behind retaining walls is mainly based on the hypothesis that the fracture surface of rolling earth behind retaining walls is straight-running through wall heels. However, most experiments have proven that this hypothesis is false. In this study, active earth pressure behind retaining walls under seismic loading was discussed from the perspective of stress deflection. Stress on soil layer behind the vertical retaining wall was analyzed by quasi-static method. Then, the expression of seismic angle of rupture was proposed by referring to the balance of horizontal forces and changes with wall height. On this basis, the calculation formulas of active earth pressure, seismic active earth force, total moment at the wall and the point of application of active thrust from the base of wall were acquired by solving this balance equation. Calculated results were compared with test data and results of other methods. The rationality of the proposed method was verified. Thus, the proposed method is applicable to multi-layered filling behind the retaining wall.
Effects of the type of exercise performed on the vibration delivered during whole-body vibration exercises
Authors: Hernández-Vicente A. , Santos-Lozano A. , Bailón R. , Mayolas-Pi C. , Marín P. J. , Garatachea N.
Published: May 2018

While the internal load factors of whole-body vibration training have been widely investigated, the study of external load magnitude has been overlooked. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate differences in whole-body vibration stimulus magnitude between static/dynamic whole-body vibration training at various vibration conditions. Four Pro 5 Plate vibration platforms were exposed to twelve different vibration conditions and a triaxial USB Impact X250-2 accelerometer was used to measure platform acceleration during each condition. Paired samples t-test was calculated to evaluate differences among amplitude, frequency, time of acceleration and time of deceleration of each platform at each vibration condition and during static (squat of 90° knee flexion) or dynamic exercise (from stand to 90° knee flexion squat). Also, the intra-class correlation coefficients were examined in order to assess the inter-instrument reliability. Peak-to-peak amplitude, frequency, time of acceleration and deceleration of the vibration platform were not modified by the type of exercise performed. Moreover, the four platforms tested showed high repeatability values during the execution of free vibration, static or dynamic squat in all vibration conditions. This study confirms that the vibration delivered by the Pro 5 Plate vibration platform is not modified during the realization of static or dynamic exercises.
Crack breathing behavior of unbalanced rotor system: A Quasi-static numerical analysis
Authors: Hossain Mobarak , Wu Helen
Published: May 2018

Crack opening and closing during shaft rotation of a cracked rotor system have long been a focus of many previous studies. Previously published modeling work in the literature uses weight-governed crack breathing model for very large rotor systems. However, for lightweight or vertical or lightly damped rotors the opening and closing statuses of a crack are not always weight dominated as there is significant influence from dynamic loads. Further, the dependence of the breathing mechanism on the crack location has not been investigated yet. In this paper, the crack breathing behavior of an unbalanced shaft at the different crack location of a rotating shaft is investigated. A three-dimensional finite element model, consisting of a two-disk rotor with a transverse crack, is used. Finite element model is simulated using ABAQUS/Standard. Crack breathing behavior is found to strongly depend on its axial position, angular position, depth ratio, unbalanced force ratio and angular position. Two different crack breathing regions along the shaft length are identified, where unbalanced shaft stiffness may be larger or smaller than the balanced shaft, depending on the unbalance force orientation, magnitude and crack location. Further, four specific crack locations along the shaft length have been identified, where the crack remains fully closed or open or just behaves like in the balanced shaft. The results suggest that more accurate prediction of the dynamic response of cracked rotors can be expected when the effects of unbalance force and individual rotor physical properties on the crack breathing have been taken into account.
Critical natural frequency: an improved empirical effectiveness criterion in vibration stress relief of rectangle welded plates
Authors: Li Shuqi , Fang Hongyuan , Cui Wei
Published: May 2018

Decreasing of natural frequency of the treated structure is the most frequently used empirical effectiveness criteria in vibration stress relief (VSR). However, dependability and reliability of this criteria is still far from sufficient. In this study, a covert negative treatment phenomenon was investigated, i.e. natural frequency of welded structures decreased after VSR but residual stress in one direction increased. Relationship between natural frequency and residual stresses was studied by mathematical deduction and finite element method. “Natural Frequency Function” and “Natural Frequency Surface (NFS)” was proposed to describe that relationship. “Critical Natural Frequency” (CNF) was proposed to depict possible situations after VSR. A quantitative natural frequency criterion for VSR effectiveness estimation was proposed.
Ultrasonic stent motor
Authors: Toyama S. , Nishizawa U.
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a stent motor for medical blood vessel treatment. The stent motor is a movable stent. It has functions of removing plaque and expanding blood vessels. It consists of two parts; ultrasonic receivers and vibration transmitting coil (stator). In this study, the authors have focused to the vibration analysis of the receiver. In the first design stage, the authors have evaluated resonant phenomenon using finite element method. When driving it in water, the resonant frequency of the air use is shifted due to mass effect of water around the receiver. The frequency analysis of the receiver shows that extremely high precision of dimensions is required because the resonant frequency in water depends not only the size but also the amplitude of the vibration. It is very difficult to design an optimal receiver resonating in water. In order to solve this problem, the authors have tried a new receiver with wide plate receiving ultrasound effectively and requiring no resonant. The authors have succeeded in driving this type of motor in water.
Calculation of the stress-strain state of the deflector rollers
Authors: Alimbetov Assylkhan , Kaliyev Yerbol , Zhauyt Algazy , Yestemessova Gulsara , Yussupova Saltanat , Nurbakyt Manas
Published: May 2018

Numerous studies have established that the damage to the lower surface of hot-rolled strips is mainly due to their friction against rollers of mill rollers. In this case, the probability of scoring, scrapes and other mechanical damage increases otherwise severe wear on the surface of the rollers, improper installation and jamming. This also applies fully to the pulling and forming rollers of the coilers. On modern broadband mills the following measures are used to prevent damage to the surface of hot-rolled strips: reduce the distance between the axes of adjacent rollers; Increase the accuracy installation of rollers in the horizontal plane; apply the individual drive of each roller; provide a smooth increase in the speed rotation of the rollers along the length of the withdrawing roller table; increase the wear resistance of rollers. A prerequisite for preventing damage to the surface of hot-rolled strips is also the maintenance of a high level technical condition of the mill equipment, which includes inspections of wiring armature bars, roller conveyor rollers and other units for each transshipment, timely replacement and repair of individual parts and assemblies (primarily roller conveyors, interroller plates, etc.).
The simultaneous action of external excitations – features of the dynamical damping of vibrations
Authors: Eliseev Sergey , Orlenko Alexey , Eliseev Andrey
Published: May 2018

The article considers new dynamic effects arising in problems of vibration protection of objects under external disturbances, on the side of support surfaces. A method for constructing mathematical models for a vibration protection system is developed, in which the protection object has two degrees of freedom. It is demonstrated that is possible to introduce additional constraints in the form of motion transformation devices. The article estimates the possibilities of using screw non-locking mechanisms with flywheel nuts, the given moment of inertia of which can be regulated.
Engine fault feature extraction based on order tracking and VMD in transient conditions
Authors: Ren Gang , Jia Jide , Mei Jian , Jia Xiangyu , Han Jiajia
Published: May 2018

A method based on order tracking and Variational Mode Decomposition was proposed to solve the problem of non-stationarity and background noise in the vibration signal of engine. For the vibration signal of diesel engine crankshaft bearing fault and Connecting rod bearing of gasoline engine, the non-stationary signal in the time domain was converted into a pseudo stationary signal on the angular domain based on order tracking. Then the reconstructed signal was decomposed by several components by VMD, and the component that contains fault information was selected. The three-dimensional spectral array of order, speed and power spectrum was calculated, and the fault feature was extracted. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by simulation and experiment.
A method for describing large rotations with a combination of axial and transverse Euler vectors
Authors: Sorokin F. D. , Zhang Hao
Published: May 2018

In order to overcome the problem of “singular points”, a method has been developed for the kinematically accurate separation of a large rotation into an axial Euler vector and a transverse Euler vector. The proposal is based on the fact that in the problems of the rotor dynamics of machines consisting of shafts, gears, bearings, etc., the transverse rotation never reaches a value of 2π (a critical value for the Euler vector). The axial rotation is not limited in any way. A numerical dynamics example illustrating the method is presented. The result of the dynamics problem is checked by observing the law of conservation of total energy.
Dynamic analysis of reciprocating compressor with a translational joint clearance
Authors: Cheng Shouguo
Published: May 2018

Due to the relative movement between the crosshead and the guide of reciprocating compressor, there must be friction, wear and movement clearance between them. When the clearance reaches a certain value, the performance of the reciprocating compressor is seriously affected, and the safety of the equipment and operator is threatened. In this paper, the interaction relationship between the crosshead and the guide is established through the contact collision function, and the influence of the wear amount of the crosshead and the rotational speed of the crankshaft on the reciprocating compressor with the clearance is studied. The nonlinear characteristics of the system are analyzed by phase diagram and Lyapunov exponent. The results show that the crosshead motion of reciprocating compressor with a translational clearance is chaotic.
Simulation approach for a solution of turbocharger rotordynamic noise
Authors: Novotny Pavel , Dlugos Jozef , Doman Jozef , Hlinik Juraj , Jonak Martin
Published: May 2018

The paper presents results of systematic computational and experimental investigations of rotordynamic induced vibrations and noise of turbochargers. The proposed solution approach is based on a combination of a virtual turbocharger and finite element method calculations of structural or acoustic domains. The virtual turbocharger is a computational model enabling simulations of rotordynamics in the time domain by multibody dynamics software. Structural vibrations and emitted noise of the turbocharger are computed by finite element method based on excitation forces calculated by the virtual turbocharger. The solution approach is proposed to rapidly calculate vibroacoustic behaviour of newly designed turbochargers in a development phase. Main results are applied on a turbocharger of diesel engine of heavy-duty vehicle.
Comparison of torsional vibration dampers in terms of the dissipated power amount
Authors: Píštěk Vaclav , Gorbunov Mykola , Kučera Pavel , Nozhenko Olena
Published: May 2018

Reducing of frictional losses between moving parts of drivelines is a permanently current topic for both conventional internal combustion engines and modern hybrid or electric drives. The application of low viscosity oils leads to the reduction of friction losses of moving engine components and thus to low fuel consumption. Further measures to increase efficiency, such as reducing the oil flow rate, must also be taken into account in their effect on functional behavior. All in all, these measures place increased demands on the functionality and durability of engine components such as piston rings and plain bearings. The effects of low viscosity engine oils on piston rings and plain bearings can be evaluated using specific computational tools and newly developed test methods. Another option to reduce the power dissipation in drive units is to use a suitable torsional vibration damper type.
Supplying system abrasive material with automatic dosing control
Authors: Gorbunov Mykola , Píštěk Václav , Kovtanets Maksym , Nozhenko Olena , Kara Sergii , Kučera Pavel
Published: May 2018

The article examines the work and key elements of the automated system for supplying abrasive material using a managed pneumatic dispensing. Proposed to manage the flow of abrasive material using continuous (for the case of emergency braking) and pulse form of dosing. Using the pulse form that allows dosing of abrasive material in a wide range, providing a number of additional options to control the sand system. Developed a functional diagram of the automatic flow of abrasive material supply system, which provides control over the flow of abrasive material and its comparison with the reference case, according to the gradation performance of the system (algorithm of dosing). The main elements of the developed system are analyzed.
A loop unrolling method based on machine learning
Authors: Liu Hui , Guo Zhanjie
Published: May 2018

In order to improve the accuracy of loop unrolling factor in the compiler, we propose a loop unrolling method based on improved random decision forest. First, we improve the traditional random decision forest through adding weight value. Second, BSC algorithm based on SMOTE algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of unbalanced data sets. Nearly 1000 loops are selected from several benchmarks, and features extracted from these loops constitute the training set of the loop unrolling factor prediction model. The model has a prediction accuracy of 81 % for the unrolling factor, and the existing Open64 compiler gives 36 % only.
Active control of the nonlinear bending behavior of magnetorheological elastomer sandwich beam with magnetic field
Authors: Zeerouni Nassim , Aguib Salah , Nour Abdelkader , Djedid Toufik , Nedjar Ali
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this work is to analyze the nonlinear mechanical behavior of sandwich structures with a magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) core subjected to a permanent magnetic field. A detailed study is first carried out to characterize the mechanical behavior of these structures. The tests were carried out in three-point bending on beams of these complex materials for several distances between supports. An experimental study, of the mechanical behavior response realized using a Zwick 2.5 kN machine, allows to measure displacements as a function of force. The results deduced from the numerical simulation by the Abaqus software are compared with those obtained from the theoretical analysis. This study allows to show that these structures exhibit a non-linear behavior even at small deformations due to the rheological parameters which are more sensitive by the application of a magnetic field.
Multiple information fusion based on single component feature and diagnosis of gear’s early fault
Authors: Mei Jianmin , Ren Gang , Chang Chun
Published: May 2018

A method of multiple information fusion based on single component feature (MIFSCF) is proposed and applied to diagnose early fault of gear. Firstly, meshing frequency component is separated by Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) as single component signal, whose order envelop demodulation spectrum (OEDS) is calculated next, and the value of OEDS at feature order of gear’s fault is selected as feature parameter. Feature parameters of different sensors are fused by radar graph and analysis results show that MIFSCF is more effective and accurate than the method based on single sensor in gear fault diagnosis.
Experimental verification of the power required for the movement of the tracked vehicle
Authors: Jonák Martin , Hloušek David , Řehák Kamil
Published: May 2018

This article deals with the experimental verification of the power requirements of the tracked vehicle power unit while driving on a flat terrain. Requirements are based on results of a dynamic simulation. At first, the article presents the description of the simulation model, including the virtual terrain, on which the vehicle was moved. Second, a description of the experiment performed directly on the real prototype is presented. Measured variables were flow rates and pressures in the hydraulic system, whereby the power transmission from the engine to drive sprockets of four tracked undercarriages is ensured. Finally, there is the comparison of the calculated and measured time-power characteristics. The results correspond to each other.
Calculation of mechanism motion using discrete time approach
Authors: Zháňal Lubor , Porteš Petr
Published: May 2018

This article describes a simple and easy to implement method for numerical computing of movement of general multibody mechanism. The method is suitable for two or three-dimensional space, rigid bodies and all types of kinematic joints. The main advantage of this method lies in the possibility of using very low discretization time step but with high computing performance due effective implementation. This approach has a positive effect to numerical stability, speed and resistance to discontinuous parameter changes. The usability of described method is verified through an experimental multibody system.
Complex approach to computations and analysis of vehicle dynamics
Authors: Porteš Petr , Zháňal Lubor , Fojtášek Jan
Published: May 2018

The goal of this article is to present a method for vehicle dynamics development based on multibody system approach in combination with real vehicle testing and data analysis. Described technique consists of two multibody models with the same level of complexity. First direct multibody model of the complete vehicle is suitable mainly for sensitivity analysis. The other inverse multibody model is used for real vehicle dynamic states reconstruction from measured data. Results of these two models are then post-processed and visualized together in a custom-made data analysis software.
Heavy-duty transmission gear shift investigation by virtual prototypes
Authors: Prokop Ales , Kucera Pavel , Rehak Kamil
Published: May 2018

This paper deals with application of virtual prototype to the heavy-duty vehicles gearbox concept. Used methodology was developed and validated on the single stage gearbox concept. Afterwards the virtual prototype was applied to complex gearbox and extended for gear shift. Gear shift has a significant influence on comfort of vehicle and also for its lifetime. The gear shift process has to be fast and smooth as much as possible, which is very difficult. This paper deals with using virtual prototype to see the effect of different gear shift process on the vibration of gearbox. The validation by the experimental approach of gearshift has not been performed yet.
Seismic response analysis of underground cavern groups of Xiluodu hydraulic power plant
Authors: Shao Wei , Zeng Yongqing
Published: May 2018

The seismic response analysis of underground cavern groups of Xiluodu hydraulic power plant have been investigated by commercial codes in geotechnical engineering FLAC, which is used as the analysis tool to study the diffraction of P wave by the circular hole and the feasibility of the explicit finite difference method to analyze the diffraction in the solid medium is verified. Numerical model in two dimensions of underground cavern groups of Xiluodu hydraulic power plant is generated and the seismic response of underground cavern groups is investigated. Maximum and minimum principal stress amplitude and displacement vectors amplitude of surrounding rock mass gained by the numerical analysis is obtained, which show there is no tensile damage when the underground cavern groups are subjected to the Tangshan aftershock, the displacement of underground openings is not very large, and the surrounding rock still behaves elastically. The results from the analysis can be for reference to similar hydraulic power plant design and construction.
Who is being left behind? An analysis of improved drinking water and basic sanitation access in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
Authors: Grady Caitlin A. , Van Nguyen Kien , Van Nguyen Thai , Blatchley Ernest R.
Published: May 2018

The global community has made tremendous strides in providing access to water and sanitation in recent decades. Driven by the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, which sought to halve the proportion of the global population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation, billions of people now have access to these basic human rights. As the global community works to implement the next generation of development goals, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is critical to determine how unserved populations can be reached. To investigate indicators of water and sanitation access, surveys were conducted among 300 households in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta. Households with and without access to improved water or basic sanitation were identified and data from these surveys were subjected to multiple regression analyses to identify household characteristics that correlate with access. It was found that for households without access to either water or sanitation, three variables were statistically significant predictors of access: distance to local government, household floor material, and the gender of the household water manager. Predictors of access to water and sanitation were evaluated separately. This integrated water and sanitation case study draws several implications for this next phase of SDG development programming.
Особенности смысложизненных представлений в пожилом возрасте
Authors: Тащёва Анна Ивановна , Бедрединова Светлана Валерьевна , Шульц Евгения Олеговна
Published: May 2018

The article brings forward the comparative analysis of terminal and instrumental values, life areas of values, features of interpretation of life senses and characteristics of the substantial aspect of life-sense representations of older people, carried out in 1989 and 2009.Respondents at the age from 60 to 75 years with diUerent education, family and social status were the object of the study. Methodological tools of the study included M.5Rokich’s “Value Orientations”, “Questionnaire of Terminal Values”, “Free SemanticEvaluation” technique, S.5Rosenzweig and T.5Leary’s test, and interviews for studying characteristics of life-sense representations.The main results of the study have shown that the revealed representations of life senses correspond to values and dominant spheres of life peculiar to this age group. Older people discover life-sense representations in happy family and friends, health and communication; they rationalize the path of life. There are diUerencesin life-sense representations in men and women: women are more focused on the family sphere, while men, along with family and parenting, discover the sense of life in professional activities and public recognition. The obtained results can be useful to psychologists, when rendering psychological assistance if the life-sense crisis is a client’s problem, family members with older people for considering age characteristics and problems of the aged, and all the people who are interested in the sense of life problem.
Общественная деятельность молодежи: мотивы участия
Authors: Лунин Сергей Леонидович , Левшина Анастасия Андреевна
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the motivational component of the sense-value sphere of young people participating in public activities. The authors oTer an overview of domestic and foreign sources on this problem, as well as results of a survey of young people of Rostov-on-Don.Sociological, psychological, and political studies undertaken in the UK, France, Belgium and Canada are among foreign sources discussed in this article. Foreign authors distinguish two predominating motives: a desire to help others and make new friends. The review of Russian sources concerning the problem starts from the studies of the 90-ies of the XX century – the period of formation of youth public activitiesin the form in which it exists today. The authors also consider modern works describing motivational component of young people’s participation in various social initiatives. The article notes that the Russian research in this area is characterized by a focus on various political organizations and informal youth organization, whilepublic activities in the Ueld of social service (volunteer organizations) remain out of sight. The authors oTer the results of their own survey of young people of Rostov-on-Don. The survey has been devoted to the motivation to participate in social activities. Members of various youth organizations, as well as students, who were not interestedin volunteer initiatives, have taken part in it. According to the survey Undings, diTerent motives, which conventionally are grouped into three groups – social, personal, and socially neutral – predominate in diTerent groups of young people (representatives of various public organizations; students who are not involved in this form of activity).
Акмеологический тренинг как метод обучения сотрудников предприятий наставнической деятельности
Authors: Рудь Ольга Владимировна , Демидова Ирина Феликсовна
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the phenomenon of mentoring which becomes urgent in modern enterprises. The authors describe patterns of the implementation of mentoring activities. They also state the problem of training employees in this type of activity. Not only the experienced, qualiUed and competent employee can be a mentor, but alsothe employee with communicative and pedagogical skills, well-developed reVection, autopsychological competence, and motivation to this type of activity. The necessity of training employees without interrupting the main working process dictates the requirements for methods of such training. Among all the methods of training adultsactive methods of training meet such requirements. The authors give arguments for acmeological training as a method of training employees of enterprises mentoring. Acmeological training is aimed at the development of personal and professional qualities of the person. The increase of employees’ professionalism, their transition to a new level of professionalism, increase of eWciency of professional activity andtransfer of the acquired knowledge and skills into real professional work are results of acmeological training. These propositions have been conUrmed in results of the empirical research. The “EXective Mentor” acmeological training, which included a variety of exercises forming the psychological readiness for mentoring activities, developmentof communication, methodological skills and autopsychology competence, has been developed and carried out for training employees in the implementation of mentoring activities at the Open Joint-stock Company “TAGMET”. The psychological diagnosticsand statistical processing of data using the Wilcoxon criterion have been used for assessing its eXectiveness. The employees who have taken part in acmeological training have increased readiness to carry out mentoring activities and have acquired a number of personal characteristics that contribute to the eXectiveness of this type of activity. After six months diagnostic results have shown an insignificant decrease of certain parameters in comparison with the results immediately after training. The authors draw a conclusion about the possibility of the widespread introduction of acmeological training in the practice of work with personnel.
Стилевые характеристики индивидуальности и профессиональная компетентность судьи
Authors: Целиковский Сергей Борисович , Гультяева Виктория Владимировна
Published: May 2018

The article considers diRerent approaches to the deSnition of the concept of “professional competence of the judge”. The authors have analyzed the relationship between the concepts of “acmeological invariants of professionalism” and “professionally important qualities”. They show the interrelation between acmeological invariants of professionalism and style characteristics of individuality. They also emphasize a system forming function of individual style characteristics of the subject. The analysis of psychological studies of professional activities of judges shows that the majority of them – being guided by ideas about its multifunctionality and multidimensionality, on the one hand, and high psycho-emotional tension, responsibility, social value, on the other – formulate extensive requirements to individual psychological qualities of the judge. Various authors emphasize suchqualities of the judge as, for example, self-control, emotional restraint, ability to remain calm in stressful situations, exactingness to forms of behavior and statements of the participants, and also point to the importance of tolerance, tactfulness, ability to reduce excessive tenseness during the trial, emotional excitement of its participants. The stated requirements often overlap each other, diRer signiScantly interms of their extent; they are heterogeneous from the point of view of fundamental models of mental individuality. A hidden idea of a static nature of the complex of “professionally important qualities” of a candidate, and hence fatality for his / her professional future, is an important shortcoming of these registers. Thus, the contradiction with the concepts of the formation of an individual style of activityin labour psychology and formation and development of professional subjectivity in acmeology is obvious. On the basis of the carried out comparative analysis of diRerent approaches to personal and behavioral characteristics of judges, the authors have made a conclusion about advantages of the oRered style approach to the study of individual psychological preconditions of professional competence of judges. In their opinion, assessment of style characteristics of personality is not so much a Sxation of its actual state as deSnition of possible directions of its further development, including the professional sphere.
Психолого-педагогические особенности диалоговой ситуации в образовательном процессе
Authors: Каменева Ирина Юрьевна
Published: May 2018

The article examines psycho-pedagogical characteristics of a dialog educational situation, which make it possible to characterize it as the most eSective way to “bring” the educational process to a personal level, level of senses “in the horizon of personality” (V. S. Bibler). Dialogue, which is understood as the essential characteristic,principle of organization of the educational content and technology ofthe personality-oriented educational process, contributes to personal development of pupils, providing a way of educational interaction which is adequate to the very nature of this development. Assessment, as is known, is an obligatory moment of dialogical cognition.Learning through understanding of personal meaningful senses of the studied material in the context of dialog situations opens up the possibility of the formation of students’ value system, gives them access to supreme values of the world and national culture. The fact that dialogue always concerns “last problems” (M. M. Bakhtin),the eternal universal problems, which are to some extent actualized in lives of students, creates its feature to unfold endlessly. This, in turn, becomes the basis for constructing the educational process as “series” of motivationally interrelated dialog situations.The author notes the similarities and diSerences between dialog and problem situations. Thus, it will be possible to use situations of both types more correctly and productively in the educational process. The author distinguishes indicators of the transition of the educational process to the personal-sense level, which can be consideredas universal, since their appearance in any type of learning shows that subjects of the educational process are “included” in the Teld of interpersonal interaction. “Risk zones” in the process of design and implementation of the dialog educational processare designated. This article also includes a description of tools of control over a dialog situation, which further development seems to be one of the actual prospects of research connected with further studying psycho-pedagogical features of dialog situations.
Формирование языковой компетентности студентов в процессе гуманитарной подготовки
Authors: Колесина Карина Юрьевна , Годованая Ольга Николаевна
Published: May 2018

The article is devoted to one of the key problems of modern system of University education, namely education in the Humanities, i. e. identiWcation of personal meaning in education and personal meaning of the subjects under study.

The authors stress that the core of the Russian system of higher education must be changed relating the Humanities training. University period is the most productive time for the development of intellectual abilities and capabilities of a young man. This very period forms the basis for the competence development of a future professional, his ideology, values, life strategies and views. As noted in the article, education in the Humanities makes it possible for a student to conceive and understand education standards and the outcome of academic training during the very process of education. Consequently, educationin the According to foreign and local Wndings job market often can’t foresee which professionals they may need. That’s why it’s important nowadays to have the corresponding cultural level to let the professional orientate freely and feel conWdent in various life situations. It’s mentioned in the article that competitive performance of a modern professional depend both on his academic skills acquired at University and his cultural level, creative thinking, manners, etc.XXI century is called “the century of polyglots” by UNESCO. It means that in postindustrial society proWciency in foreign languages is an indispensable requirement for any professional.The authors conclude that nowadays the one who knows a foreign language is considered a top professional. One of the primary goals of higher education is to provide a future professional with good knowledge of foreign languages and to develop his linguistic competence.
Историческая трансформация образа приемной матери и его зависимость от социума
Authors: Щербина Сусанна Музекировна
Published: May 2018

The article deals with the institute of a foster family and a number of its diVerences from the traditional one. The deWnition of a foster family is given. The structure and periods of stability / instability of a foster family as an open family system are described. A comparative analysis of the image of a biological and adoptive mother in the psychoanalytic and cultural traditions is made. The duality of archetypes (C. G. Jung) and diVerent levels of its implementation in the image of a mother: kindand wicked, are shown. The image of a good mother and a good enough mother (D. Winnicott) is analyzed. It is indicated that the mother provides normal development of a child through her adequate perception of reality, thus being a “mirror” in the eyes of a child. Attention is drawn to the emergence of neurosis in the childbecause of the absence of love and unconditional acceptance of him by the mother (K. Horney). A mother’ image in the cultural traditions, of the mother who is protecting, loving, developing her child; alterations in the image of the mother for several centuries, its contradictions and uncertainties, dependence on the society in the Slavic tradition, are considered. Three images of a woman dependent on the expectations of a society are analyzed: of the mother, wife and woman freely promoted. Attention is paid to changes in the parent plants, causing the transformation of the concept of “normal parent relationship” (E. Badinter), the transformation of the image from the Blessed Virgin to the devil (T. Shishova), the controversial image of the mother,the myths of the perfect motherhood in the cultural traditions of the Slavic village. The work reveals the ambiguous and biased attitude of the society to the foster mother, the requirements of that society to conform to the ideal image of the mother, while viewing it as inherently a bad mother. The requirements of the society to be a perfect mother, the mother’s own model of a good mother and the opinion of the society about the foster mother as a stepmother initiate fostermother’s internal conXict of I-image.
Особенности частотно-пространственной организации коры мозга у музыкантов во время создания импровизации на основе стимульного материала с агрессивным и миролюбивым «характерами»
Authors: Ермаков Павел Николаевич , Скиртач Ирина Анатольевна , Ковш Екатерина Михайловна
Published: May 2018

There are results of the research of bioelectric activity of the cerebral cortex at musicians during creating improvisation in work. Identification predictors of creative activity and determination distinctions in course of the creative process induced by melodies of various “characters” became the purpose. Musicians took part in the research in age from 19 till 36 years. Distinctions in specifics of spectralcharacteristics of power at subjects in the course of realization of creative activity in some frequency ranges are revealed. The expressed activity of neural ensembles in frontal and occipital cortex areas in the high-frequency and low-frequency ranges of EEG against the decrease in indicators of an alpha rhythm power in temporal areas is shown. The expressed increase of the delta range power is regarded as the mechanism of the special condition’ formation of the “stream” allowing to plunge into creative process. Localization zones of increasing power of theta rhythm at left hemisphere at creation of improvisation on a melody of aggressive character confirms idea about the lack of communication between nature of initial incentiveand an emotional state developing in the course of creativity.There is a possibility correction of aggressive behavior through the inclusion of the individual in creative activity, which allows to sublimate aggression in a socially acceptable form. During the improvisation creative process plays a crucial role, but not character of the stimulus, inducing it. The results received in this research can be valuable for development programs of development creative potential, includingfor the purpose of psychocorrection, with the use of the biofeedback-training technologies.
Телесность в контексте психологии здоровья: опыт пилотажного исследования
Authors: Правдина Лида Ромуальдовна , Власова Алла Юрьевна , Васильева Ольга Семеновна
Published: May 2018

Rapid development in the twenty-first century, body-oriented practices, philosophy of body-centrism boom, deterioration of health, increasing of the role of the human personality in the world – output problems of body and corporeality to the most researched in the field of philosophical development of the world. The inclusion of “human flesh” in the sociocultural space determines the transformation of the body,from a biological phenomenon it turns into a social-cultural phenomenon and acquires, in addition to the bio-psychophysiological, cultural, personal, existential properties. Physicality becomes a tool to work on the mental processes through the body, and its disregard leads to loss of awareness of the scope of an essential component ofindividual experiences and conditions. The article provides a theoretical analysis of modern concepts of “corporal” in Russian psychology, discusses the definition and description of this phenomenon,based on its understanding of how different levels of substrate integrative processes – from psychophysiological up values and meanings. The peculiarities of understanding of physicality in terms of health psychology are analyzed. There is the author’s definition of physicality. It is shown that conventional methods of measuring the physicality are not yet developed, although the research applieda number of different techniques, focused on the study of phenomena and qualities, indirectly reflecting the relation of man to his body. Based on the author’s model of physicality describes principles of copyright bodily questionnaire and the results of a pilot study of its possibilities.The object of the study included men and women aged 18 to 40 years (53 persons). Subject of the research – is the manifestation of physicality at different levels of personality. Empirically found that corporeality linked with personal characteristics such as emotional intelligence, self-attitude, confidence, alexithymia and involvement.In addition, it was found that corporeality changes in ontogenesis.These study results can be used in all areas of body-oriented psychological projects in educational programs, training, psychological counseling and further studies of physicality.