bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los ascensos militares en Colombia durante la guerra de los Mil Días, 1899-1902
Authors: Bonilla Ayala Juan Sebastian
Published: July 2024

El artículo estudia el ascenso en la jerarquía militar de los individuos que participaron en las fuerzas armadas durante la guerra de los Mil Días (1899-1902). De este modo, se plantea, en primer lugar, que los ascensos militares en medio de la guerra ocurrieron mucho más rápido que en los periodos de paz y, en segundo lugar, los militares obtuvieron de manera parcial una serie de compensaciones que les favorecieron la vida en campaña. Para responder estas inquietudes se consultó documentación cuantitativa y cualitativa del Archivo General de la Nación (Colombia), prensa y memorias de combatientes y se construyó una base de datos prosopográfíca que cuenta con más de 13.000 registros distribuidos en el software Zotero. Esto nos permitió trabajar con una base histórica social más sólida de las que han prevalecido en las anteriores representaciones historiográficas.
A Study on the Competencies of Itinerant Teachers in Inclusive Education: Focusing on the Gyeonggi-do Special Education Support Center
Authors: Jeon Bongcheol , Seo HyoJeong ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify educational competencies (competency group - competency element - competency indicator) that itinerant teachers perceive as necessary and important according to the characteristics of inclusive itinerant education in which special education teachers from the Gyeonggi-do Special Education Support Center visit general schools to support students with special needs placed in general classrooms. This study aims to derive implications for future professional development programs to enhance the expertise of itinerant teachers at the Gyeonggi-do Special Education Support Center. To achieve this aim, a draft of the competencies for itinerant teachers was developed by analyzing papers on the competencies of special education teachers and inclusive itinerant education. The validity of these competencies was then verified through two rounds of Delphi expert surveys. Through this process, the necessary competencies for itinerant teachers at the Special Education Support Center were finalized into three competency groups, nine competency elements, and 20 competency indicators. Based on the research results, the structure and components of the final competencies required for itinerant teachers at the Gyeonggi-do Special Education Support Center were discussed; moreover, the differences from the competencies of general special education teachers and the characteristics of inclusive itinerant education conducted by the Gyeonggi-do Special Education Support Center were also considered.
Exploring the change process of special school name and implications by era in the history of special education in Germany
Authors: Ko Eun ,   The Korean Society of Special Education
Published: July 2024

Terms related to disability reflect the reflection of times and philosophies of the time, and with what conceptualized vocabulary they should be expressed has been dealt with as a major topic in academia. This paper viewed that there must have been reasonable social public opinions and purposes in the process of changing the names of special schools, and mainly paid attention to understanding the paradigm shift in special education through the foregoing. In Germany, the names of special schools attended by students with disabilities have been changed several times. In this study, the names were divided into ‘Hilfsschule’, ‘Sonderschule’, and ‘Förderschule’ and the process of changing the names was generally examined. Whereas ‘Hilfsschule’ was introduced in that it was a positive term on humanitarian grounds, ‘Sonderschule’ helped organize 10 different types of special schools into one school system and establish a thoroughly independent school system. The name ‘Förderschule’, which has represented special schools in Germany since the 2000s, can be seen as emphasizing the need for special educational support. ‘Special schools for students with disabilities’ are being changed into ‘support centers for all students who need support.’ As concerns about terms that reflect the trends of the times are a common topic regardless of eras or societies, it is expected that examining the process of changing the names of special schools in Germany will have many implications for us as well.
Cultivating Calm Passions
Authors: Pollock Anne
Published: July 2024

Building on comments delivered at the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S) Meeting in Honolulu recognizing Wild Experiment as the winner of the 2023 Ludwick Fleck Prize, my reflections here are anchored in the appreciation of the book’s illumination of the value of the cultivation of calm passions. I open by reflecting on book’s fresh engagement with core science and technology studies concerns about how durable knowledge is made. I then suggest a few developments that might follow on from that appreciation. First, I reflect on how the role of the erotic might be pushed further analytically. Second, I explore how the book’s persuasive arguments about racialized reason and the limitations of the paranoid style of critique might be treated more symmetrically, as elements to be aware of in our own work as well as that of big bad racists with whom we disagree. Finally, I highlight the potentially broader-audience value of grounding ourselves in calm passions in the era of the internet pile-on.
Kuhn, Conspiracy Theories, and Scientific Progress
Authors: Reeves Josh
Published: July 2024

This article offers an appreciative but critical response to Donovan Schaefer’s book Wild Experiment, focusing on the connection between emotion and reason, particularly in the context of conspiracy theories and scientific inquiry. While acknowledging the valuable insights provided by Schaefer’s cogency theory and its emphasis on the role of emotions in shaping beliefs and reasoning, I argue for a more nuanced understanding of the factors that contribute to the popularity of conspiracy theories and the success of science. In particular, I challenge Schaefer’s characterization of scientists as primarily driven by cold emotions and a fear of making mistakes. Instead, I emphasize the social structure of science and institutional practices that enable collective intellectual vigilance and the advancement of reliable knowledge.
Characterization of Rare Earth Elements in Cassiterite-Associated Minerals in Bangka-Belitung Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Syafrizal Syafrizal , Hede Arie Naftali Hawu , Rivai Tomy Alvin , Sihite Rudy Fernando
Published: July 2024

Rare earth elements (REEs) are crucial to numerous industries of high-technology as raw materials. The growth of a long-term relationship between REE supply and demand to develop hi-tech industries is becoming tight in the world market, while the mineral supply chain is being distorted by COVID-19. The availability of information and data regarding the REE resource potential and characteristics are interesting research subjects to examine its economic value as alternative sources. This research aims to provide basic information about the existence and characteristics of REEs in cassiterite-associated minerals located in Bangka and Belitung Islands. Fifty-one samples consisting of primary deposits, placer deposits, concentrates, and tailings were collected from the southern Bangka and Belitung region. The samples were analyzed using microscope, x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results show that the REE-bearing minerals comprised monazite and xenotime. Monazite, the most dominant REE-bearing mineral, contains light REEs (Ce-dominant), while xenotime contains heavy REE (Y-dominant). The results of SEM with energy-dispersive spectroscopy show that monazite contains other LREE (La and Nd), and xenotime also contains other HREE (Dy and Yb). Moreover, zircon and ilmenite can be considered as economical cassiterite-associated minerals that have other mineral inclusion, but have no REE contain.
Perfil epidemiológico de acidentes envolvendo animais peçonhentos no Maranhão no período de 2012 a 2021
Authors: Lima da Silva Letícia , Carvalho Camargos Vieira Fernanda , Gomes Ferreira Rosa Laís , De Cássia da Silva Oliveira Rita , Lorena Costa Sávia , De Andrade Ruela Guilherme
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e Objetivos: a segunda maior causa de envenenamento humano no Brasil é ocasionada por animais peçonhentos. Dessa forma, este estudo visou analisar dados clínicos e sociodemográficos, a fim de traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes envolvendo animais peçonhentos no Maranhão. Métodos: trata-se de estudo ecológico de abordagem quantitativa, realizado a partir da coleta de dados pelo Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) de acidentes por animais peçonhentos ocorridos no estado do Maranhão no período de 2012 a 2021.  Resultados: dos 34.808 casos notificados, constatou-se que a maior incidência ocorreu no ano de 2019 e, em geral, janeiro é o mês em que mais se registram acidentes. Ao analisar o perfil sociodemográfico, nota-se que a maior parte das vítimas é representada por indivíduos do sexo masculino, entre 20 e 39 anos, com grau de escolaridade não identificado. Tratando-se de critérios clínicos e epidemiológicos, evidenciou-se que as serpentes do gênero Bothrops são as responsáveis pela maior incidência, sendo que a maior parte dos atendimentos envolvendo animais peçonhentos ocorreu no intervalo de 1-3 horas após a picada. Entre os casos identificados, 63% foram descritos como leve e 82% evoluíram para a cura. Conclusão: o perfil epidemiológico descrito no estudo pode ser utilizado por agentes de saúde para o planejamento de medidas preventivas na Atenção Primária à Saúde, e conhecer o perfil das vítimas é essencial para prevenir e promover uma assistência de qualidade.
Percepções da equipe de enfermagem durante a pandemia por covid-19: estudo transversal
Authors: Albano de Felice Gomes Ludmila , Corrêa Cordeiro Jéssica Fernanda , Corrêa Cordeiro Daniella , Areas da Cruz Tatiana , De Andrade Denise , Pereira dos Santos André
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e Objetivos: identificar as percepções dos profissionais de enfermagem que atuaram durante a pandemia de covid-19 em relação às Infecções Relacionadas à Assistência à Saúde (IRAS) e à Higienização das Mãos (HM), classificando-os por profissão e regiões brasileiras. Método: estudo observacional, conduzido de novembro/2020 a dezembro/2021, com a participação de 493 profissionais de enfermagem de todas as regiões do Brasil. Utilizou-se o formulário do Google Forms®, divulgado em redes sociais. Foi aplicado um questionário intitulado “Questionário básico sobre a percepção de profissionais de saúde sobre infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde e à higienização das mãos”. Os resultados foram analisados de forma descritiva, apresentando frequências absolutas e relativas, divididos por grupos de profissionais de enfermagem (enfermeiros, técnicos e auxiliares) e por regiões do Brasil. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que 43,9% dos enfermeiros relataram um impacto muito alto das IRAS na evolução clínica dos pacientes, enquanto apenas 26,7% dos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem compartilharam essa percepção. Em relação à HM, 50,8% dos enfermeiros consideraram que é necessário um grande esforço para realizá-la adequadamente, enquanto 68,9% dos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem concordaram com essa afirmação. Conclusão: a maioria dos profissionais de enfermagem apresentou uma alta percepção sobre HM e IRAS, levando em consideração a profissão e a região geográfica. Esses resultados podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias futuras com o objetivo de aprimorar as práticas de HM na assistência de enfermagem, principalmente durante surtos de doenças infecciosas, como a covid-19.
Socio-environmental factors contributing to the high incidence of COVID-19 in a border city in northern Uruguay
Authors: Achkar Marcel , Gomez-Camponovo Mariana , Perez Nicolas , Umpierrez Eleuterio
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: the present study was conducted in the city of Rivera, situated in northern Uruguay on the border with Brazil. The disease initially progressed slowly in 2020, with subsequent outbreaks followed by a rapid increase in incidence. The objective was to explore the relationship between the spatial distribution of COVID-19 cases in a binational city and variables such as socioeconomic status, population density, and mobility patterns, with the aim of informing public policies. Methods: an exploratory study was conducted between August 2020 and January 2021 using data obtained from the Ministry of Health. The explanatory variables considered included population density, socioeconomic level, and mobility. Three distinct periods from 2020 to 2021 were identified. Spatial autocorrelation was analyzed using Moran’s Index and the Gi* statistic (Getis & Ord). Hierarchical cluster analysis was employed to identify homogeneous groups of census segments. Results: a total of 1,846 cases were georeferenced. Through hierarchical cluster analysis, seven homogeneous groups were identified. Mobility was found to explain the incidence of cases among the high socioeconomic level group, while population density accounted for the differences observed in the low socioeconomic group. Conclusion: in this city, priority should be given to populations residing in areas with higher population density and greater mobility. This small-scale territorial analysis provides valuable information for developing localized policies aimed at addressing health crises.
Tendência de mortalidade por HIV/Aids entre mulheres em Porto Alegre, RS, de 2007 a 2017
Authors: Bernardelli Maiton , Nunes Stahnke Douglas , Ribeiro Gonçalves Tonantzin , Pascoal Pattussi Marcos
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e objetivos: Porto Alegre está entre as capitais dos estados do Brasil com maior magnitude dos indicadores epidemiológicos em relação a pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids, impactando os indicadores de mortalidade dessa população. Objetivou-se analisar a tendência temporal de óbitos por HIV/Aids em mulheres residentes na cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, no período de 2007 a 2017, considerando as faixas etárias, cor da pele e escolaridade.Método: trata-se de estudo ecológico de série temporal sobre a tendência das taxas de mortalidade por HIV/Aids de mulheres vivendo com HIV residentes no município de Porto Alegre, RS. Foram calculadas taxas brutas e padronizadas de mortalidade segundo faixa etária, cor da pele e escolaridade. Para a análise de tendência, foi utilizada a regressão linear generalizada de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: foram identificados 1.603 óbitos relacionados ao HIV/Aids em mulheres residentes no município no período do estudo. Os coeficientes de mortalidade foram maiores em mulheres brancas, menos escolarizadas, com tendência de aumento entre aquelas acima dos 60 anos de idade (IC95% 0,044; 0,029) com retração para aquelas na faixa etária entre 20 e 29 (IC95% - 0,566; -0,120). Conclusão: mudanças no cenário epidemiológico do HIV/Aids chamam atenção para o cuidado com pessoas acima dos 60 anos de idade e de menor escolaridade, exigindo esforços das redes de atenção em saúde na evitabilidade dos óbitos.
Community-acquired neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection: case report
Authors: Mohammad Kamal Mansour Kamila , Eduarda Diehl Bruna , Rafaela Santos de Mello Fabiana , Miranda Uroda Daniela , Ali Juma Hamid Rafik , Marília Reuter Éboni , Nunes Paiva Dulciane
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Data collection on the incidence of COVID-19 is conducted less frequently in newborns (NB) than in adults. In view of the small number of described neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections, in this study, we report a clinical case of community-acquired COVID-19 infection in a newborn. Methods: Clinical characteristics were collected from the medical records from April 2021 until the final outcome of the newborn in May 2021. Results: This article discusses the case of a full-term male newborn aged 38 weeks. On the 17th day of life, this newborn was admitted to the pediatric unit with fever and zone 4 jaundice, mild lower chest retraction and tachypnea. The mother was diagnosed with COVID-19. Late neonatal sepsis with pulmonary focus was detected. The newborn was hospitalized and the antigen test for COVID-19 came back positive. The condition of the neonate rapidly deteriorated and he was referred to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), where he was intubated and placed on pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation. During his second week in the NICU, he developed severe pulmonary hypertension with decreased peripheral oxygen saturation and tachycardia. The newborn required blood transfusion and was put into prone position during part of the treatment. Reductions in mechanical ventilation parameters were not tolerated by the NB’s organism and he developed progressive hypoxemia. The newborn died 1 month and 3 days after hospitalization. Conclusion: Our study shows a case of community-acquired COVID-19 that progressed to the severe form of the disease.
The Municipal Accountability in Service Delivery: Featherbrooke Homeowners Association v Mogale City Local Municipality
Authors: Saunders Henrike
Published: July 2024

In the case of Featherbrooke Homeowners Association NPC v Mogale City Local Municipality the Johannesburg High Court presided over a matter which considered the role of municipal accountability in stormwater management. Schedule 4B of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 provides for basic municipal services such as stormwater management. Schedule 4B outlines other functional areas linked to promoting the right to an environment that is not harmful to one's well-being. These constitutional rights are often infringed upon, and the courts must decide to what extent local government is responsible for the alleged infringements. The courts must further decide to what extent local government accountability can be enforced through structural interdicts. This note contemplates the role of municipal accountability and responsibility in the pursuit of adequate service delivery in urban areas. It highlights the role of legislative interpretation in constitutional matters that relate to government accountability and overlapping mandates. It argues that state entities often shift the blame for their responsibilities. Furthermore, it evaluates the challenges of enforcing municipal accountability in service delivery and argues that public participation plays a key role in holding local government accountable for the delivery of such services.
DOES SECTION 9(2) OF THE DIVORCE ACT 70 OF 1979 PROVIDE ADEQUATE PROTECTION FOR AN ILL SPOUSE?
Authors: Siyabonga Sibisi
Published: July 2024

In simple terms, section 9 of the Divorce Act (70 of 1979) provides for forfeiture of patrimonial benefits (forfeiture) in divorce proceedings if the ground for the divorce is the irretrievable breakdown of a marriage. It was important for the legislature to specify that forfeiture may only be made where the ground for a divorce is the irretrievable breakdown of the marriage (s 3(a) read with s 4(1)), because the latter is not the only ground for a divorce in South African law. A marriage may also be dissolved by a decree of divorce on the grounds of mental illness or continuous unconsciousness (s 3(b) read with s 5). Section 9(2) further clarifies the legal position by providing that forfeiture may not be ordered against the defendant where the grounds for a divorce are mental illness or continuous unconsciousness. Obviously, the purpose behind section 9(2) is to provide protection for the mentally ill or unconscious spouse in divorce proceedings. However, the protection provided is lacking in two respects. First, as is shown below, mental illness and continuous unconsciousness, as grounds for a divorce, do not cover all defendants who suffer from mental illness or continuous unconsciousness. Defendants who are mentally ill or unconscious, but fall outside the ambit of section 5, are not protected by section 9(2). Consequently, a forfeiture order becomes possible against them. Secondly, as is shown below through case law, it appears possible to prosecute a divorce against a mentally ill or a continually unconscious spouse under section 4(1) – that is, on the basis of an irretrievable breakdown of the marriage. In this case, a forfeiture is possible and the protection in section 9(2) is circumvented.In light of the above, the adequacy of the protection in section 9(2) is questioned. This note discusses the adequacy of the protection in section 9(2). It also seeks to recommend ways in which the defect in this provision may be remedied. The grounds for a divorce in South Africa are discussed and mental illness and continuous unconsciousness are contextualised within the broader divorce jurisprudence. Thereafter follows a more focused discussion on mental illness and continuous unconsciousness as grounds for a divorce, as provided for in section 5. These discussions also reflect on the arguments by other academics, including arguments that section 5 should be expunged from the Divorce Act. Forfeiture is discussed briefly. In conclusion, the question whether section 9(2) provides adequate protection is considered together with the author’s recommendations.
Saturation Mutagenesis-Reinforced Functional Assays (SMuRF) for alpha-dystroglycan glycosylation enzymes (using FKRP and LARGE1 as examples) v1
Authors: Ma Kaiyue , Huang Shushu , Xu Jenny , Lek Monkol
Published: July 2024

Interpretation of disease-causing genetic variants remains a challenge in the field of humangenetics and rare disease. Current costs and complexity of performing deep mutationalscanning for charting variant effects hampers crowd-sourcing approaches towardgenome-wide resolution of variants in all disease-related genes. Our framework,Saturation Mutagenesis-Reinforced Functional assays (SMuRF), addresses theseissues by modularizing DMS components, offering simple and cost-effectivesaturation mutagenesis, as well as streamlining functional assays to enhanceinterpretation of unresolved variants. Applying SMuRF to neuromuscular diseasegenes FKRP and LARGE1, we have generated functional scores forover 99.8% of all possible coding single nucleotide variants (SNVs), providingan additional line of evidence for clinical variant interpretation indystroglycanopathies. Data generated from SMuRF enables severity prediction, resolvecritical protein structural regions susceptible to missense disruptions, andprovide training datasets for development of computational predictors. Insummary, our approach provides a framework for enabling variant-to-functioninsights for disease genes in a manner that is accessible for crowd-sourcingimplementation across standard research laboratories.
Immunostaining and quantification of intracellular accessible cholesterol using ALOD4-mNeon in Human Fibroblasts v1
Authors: V Nair Sreeja , Jaimon Ebsy , R Pfeffer Suzanne
Published: July 2024

Here we present a protocol for quantitative immunostaining of intracellular accessible cholesterol using ALOD4-mNeon in human fibroblasts.
Computer Simulation of Charge Transfer In a DNA Molecule within a Simple Model of an Open Quantum System
Authors: Syurakshin A.V. , Lakhno V.D. , Yushankhai V.Yu.
Published: July 2024

The quantum-statistical model proposed earlier by Skourtis and Nitzan to describe a charge (hole) propagation in a fragment of artificial DNA molecule has been generalized and further investigated. A numerical simulation of a charge transport was carried out taking into account two different dissipative processes, including the capture of the charged carrier by the environment and the decoherence of its quantum wave properties due to the influence of stochastic fields of the environment. The interaction of the carrier with the environment is regulated by a small set of phenomenological parameters whose values vary in the process of simulation. Within this model, the propagation of a hole carrier in DNA is described by solving the quantum Franke-Kossakovski–Lindblad–Glauber–Sudarshan equation (hereinafter referred to as the Lindblad equation) for the carrier density matrix using the Lindblad MPO Solver program. Results of numerical analysis of the model are in a good agreement with experimental observations and demonstrate two different types of the charged carrier motion, presumably tunneling and incoherent hopping. The model is put in more general context and non-unitary dynamics of the hole carrier is treated within the framework of a theory of continuous quantum measurements by the environment in an open quantum system. The main concepts of the theory of decoherence and superselection for open quantum systems and the prospects for their application for further study of various mechanisms of motion of a charged carrier in DNA are briefly discussed.
E7 Ülkelerinde Karbondioksit Emisyonu ile Yenilenebilir Enerji Tüketimi ve İktisadi Büyüme Arasındaki İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Arslan Gürdal Halime
Published: July 2024

Çevre kalitesinin sağlanması kapsamında yenilenebilir enerji tüketimine daha fazla önem verilmeye başlanmıştır. Özellikle gelişmiş ülkeler, karbon emisyonlarını azaltmak için bu konuda ekonomik ve politik yatırımlarına öncelik vermektedirler. Bu çalışmanın amacı gelişme hızının yüksek olduğu 7 ülke için karbondioksit emisyonları (CO2) ile yenilenebilir enerji tüketimi (REN) ve iktisadi büyüme (GDP) arasındaki etkileşimi incelemektir. Bu amaçla çalışmada panel veri yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan yıllık veriler Türkiye, Rusya, Meksika Hindistan, Endonezya, Çin ve Brezilya için 1992-2021 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Öncelikle değişkenlerin yatay kesit bağımlılığı varlığını tespit etmek için Pesaran (2004) testiyle sınamaları yapılmıştır. Yatay kesit bağımlılığının varlığı tespit edilmesiyle CADF ikinci nesil birim kök testi ve Westerlund ikinci nesil panel eşbütünleşme testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, ele alınan değişkenlerin E7 ülkelerinde uzun dönemde birlikte hareket etmediklerini görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlara ek olarak Dumitrescu-Hurlin nedensellik analizi ile yenilenebilir enerji tüketiminden karbondioksit emisyonuna doğru tek yönlü bir ilişkinin varlığı ortaya koyulmuştur.
Patterns of Grain Fragmentation During Plastic Deformation of Metals at Small to Medium Strains (Brief Review)
Authors:   ITMO University, Russia, Lobanova E.Y. ,   Ioffe Institute, Russia, Mikhailenko E.K. ,   Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Russia,   Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, Russia, Grebenyuk G.S. ,   Ioffe Institute, Russia
Published: July 2024

Due to high carrier mobility and long spin diffusion length graphene is a promising material for spintronics applications. In order to achieve effective spin transport and increase spin injection efficiency, graphene interfaces with highly spin-polarised materials, such as Heusler alloys, are needed. In this work, first-principles calculations of graphene/Co2FeSi electronic structure are done in the frame of density functional theory. It is shown that the high percent of spin polarization in this system is combined with the linear dispersion of the π-states of graphene. The results suggest that the Co2FeSi Heusler alloy is a promising candidate for graphene-based spintronic devices.
Deniz suyu girişimi etkisinde bulunan yeraltısuyunda hidrojeokimyasal değişimin izlenmesi: Çarşamba akiferi (SAMSUN) örneği
Authors: Fırat Ersoy Arzu , Hassan Abdourazakou Maman
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma Karadeniz Bölgesi'nin orta Karadeniz bölümünde yer alan Çarşamba akiferinin hidrojeolojik ve hidrojeokimyasal özelliklerinin araştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Çarşamba akiferi yeraltısuyunda Temmuz-2019 ve Aralık-2019 döneminde 33 sondaj kuyusunda örnekleme yapılarak, yeraltısuyunda fiziksel parametreler, majör anyon ve katyonlar ile iz element analizleri yapılmıştır. Buna göre; yeraltısuyunda pH değerleri kıyı kesimlerde yüksek değerler almakta, güney kesimlere doğru ise daha düşük değerler almaktadır. Denize yakın konumda bulunan sondaj kuyularından elde edilen yeraltısuyu örneklerinde yüksek EC değerleri elde edilmektedir. Çarşamba akiferi yeraltısuyunda Na+, Cl- ve SO4-2 içeriklerinin Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ve İnsani Tüketim Amaçlı Sular Hakkında Yönetmelik standartlarına göre yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun nedeni, akiferde tarımsal sulama yapmak amacıyla yeraltısuyunun çekilmesi ve bölgede gerçekleştirilen endüstriyel faaliyetler olduğu düşünülmektedir. Çarşamba akiferi yeraltısuyu iz elementler yönünden incelendiğinde, Ni, Mn, As, Al ve Cr içeriklerinin bazı kuyu sularında İnsani Tüketim Amaçlı Sular ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün standartlarına uygun olmadığı görülmektedir. Yüksek iz element içeriklerinin bölgede bulunan sanayi tesislerinden, tarımsal faaliyetlerden ve fosil yakıtların yanmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Çarşamba akiferinde deniz suyu girişiminin etkisinin olduğu kıyıya yakın konumda bulunan sondaj kuyularında yeraltısuyu çekimleri kontrol altında tutulmalı ve tarımsal faaliyetlerde kullanılan gübre kullanımına sınırlamalar getirilmelidir. Yüksek iz element içeriklerini denetleyebilmek amacıyla sanayi tesislerinden meydana gelebilecek kirlenmeyi önlemeye yönelik çalışmalar yürütülmelidir.
CONCILIARITY AS A CENTRAL CATEGORY OF HISTORIOSOPHY OF THE POLITICAL IDEOLOGY OF CONSERVATISM
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Pastukhov Anton
Published: July 2024

Analyses the category of conciliarity as the axial conceptual basis of the historiosophy of the ideological and political direction of conservatism. The main scientific problem of the work was to highlight the structural elements of this category, to study them descriptively, and to form a methodological basis for the study of political formation in comprehension the history of conservatism. In particular, the author identifies the fallacy of determining the core of conservatism based on the concept of traditionalism, due to its reactionary nature and transcendental socio-political attitudes, which reject the main thesis of conservatism, which is the presence of changes in the political and historical process. At the same time, the author of the article proposes to proceed from the concept of conciliarity as a category that fully reflects the conceptual basis of conservatism, which stems from its nature. Thus, in the course of the work, the author identifies the main structural elements of the historiosophy of conciliarity, in particular: simultaneous temporality and timelessness of the historical process, which is manifested in the fact that the past as an ontological structure of human existence does not cease to exist in the present, but is supplemented by the latter as a fundamental principle symbolising the variability of historical and social reality. Based on this, the second element of conciliarity was identified, which is the dialectical duality of the imitative and creative beginnings of social life, which is realised in a complex procedural system of sustainability and development of political phenomena. The third essential aspect of conciliarity in our context is the activity of supra-individual and personal principles and the socio-political historical process, which intensifies the principles of heredity and the willful and energetic transformation of political life. The last feature of this category was determined by us in the time-spatial dimension, when the historical formation of a certain social group is influenced not only by the general temporal context, but also by the second conjuncture of the spatial existence of a certain nation, which is parallel to the first. By synthesising all these essential features, historical conciliarity helps to find and form its own ontologically optimal political forms of existence and development for each people and nation, which is manifested in the essential constitutive of the socio-political system. Thus, history in conservatism directly or indirectly influences the modern political agenda.
Autobiographical Comics-based Zines as a Means for Destigmatizing Mental Illness, Fostering Community, and Increasing Self-Worth
Authors:   , Einbender-Luks Nora , Carlton Natalie Rae
Published: July 2024

How does telling your story make a difference? This is the guiding question in my investigation into the principles of narrative therapy, how storytelling relates to art therapy, and how comics and zines are useful for mental illness de-stigmatization, community formation, and self-worth. I wanted to explore both the importance of creating and sharing stories as methods for destigmatization and how the social interaction of storytelling can enhance self-worth and build community.
Inclusion of the Protective Function into Non-Employee Relationship
Authors: Kobroń-Gąsiorowska Łucja
Published: July 2024

The author analyzes the inclusion of the protective function of labor law in the sphere of non-employment relationship. The main problem analyzed in the article concerns the issue of the universal nature of the protective function of labor law. According to the author, the subject of the protective function are all entities providing gainful employment, which is an added value in terms of the essence of this protection. This value will apply to all forms of performing work, and thus the rights resulting from the performance of work will be universal. The content of the protective function of labor law may be fulfilled by regulations unjustified in the traditional positioning of an employee within the meaning of the provisions of the Labor Code.
The Opportunities of Digitalisation in Public Administration with a Special Focus on the Use of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Bencsik András
Published: July 2024

The study examines the issue of digitalisation of public administration. After outlining the theoretical foundations, an international framework for the creation of digital public administration is analyzed, followed by a discussion of its development in Hungary and its evaluation. In Hungary, the related legislation was initially introduced with the implementation of electronic administration, the anomalies of which were first noticeable with the introduction of electronic birth registration. In this context, the study discusses the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence (AI) in the public sector and reviews current and existing applications and good solutions, as well as possible development directions. The article describes the successes of AI applications in the financial sector and then goes on to discuss automated decision-making in more detail, as well as the planned legislative thinking on the subject.
Animal Protection Education (Legal Aspects)
Authors: Kruk Emil
Published: July 2024

The article is of a scientific research nature, and its main aim is to analyse the legislation providing for obligations for the dissemination of knowledge on animal protection, as well as to evaluate them and formulate optimisation postulates. The formal-dogmatic analysis of the regulations in force in the Polish legal order has been preceded by findings on how this issue is regulated in international and EU laws. This is mainly supported by the fact that formal education has a huge role to play in animal protection. Unfortunately, this issue has been marginalised in all legal orders discussed in this text. All in all, the normative arrangements adopted must be assessed as very insufficient, in particular as regards the fulfilment of the statutory obligation to take account of animal protection issues in the general education core curriculum. Moreover, this issue is very rarely subject to an in-depth scientific analysis. Therefore, the dissemination of previously unpublished research results will help develop better legislative solutions and raise public awareness about the protection of animals, which is one of the conditions for further civilizational progress.
Lack of Fair Judicial Review of Pre-Trial Detention after Surrendering the Prosecuted Person as an Absolute Obstacle to Extradition
Authors: Tarwacki Przemysław
Published: July 2024

The article is a research and scientific study prepared using the dogmatic method. It addresses the most sensitive issues that the Polish Supreme Court has dealt with in recent years in the area of interpretation of obstacles to extradition, i.e. the problem of the lack of prompt and ex officio judicial review of non-judicial pre-trial detention at the stage of preparatory proceedings in the State requesting the extradition of a prosecuted person. In one of its rulings, which is crucial in this matter, the Supreme Court took the position that this deficiency was not a sufficient basis for finding a legal obstacle to extradite the prosecuted. The argumentation of the Court does not deserve full approval. It is a manifestation of failure to notice the requirement, under Article 5 (3) of the European Convention on Human Rights and Article 9 (3) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, to bring each detained person promptly ex officio before a judge in the context of their personal security. It should be assumed that the lack of prompt and ex officio review of pre-trial detention at the stage of the preparatory proceedings, including bringing the detained person before a judge, after the defendant has been transferred to the authorities of the requesting state, may constitute grounds for assuming that there is a well-founded concern about violation of the defendant’s personal security for this reason. Such an assessment should be made a casu ad casum as necessary, after supplementing the information from the requesting party.
Cybereducation in Society – Benefits and Threats
Authors: Pieczywok Andrzej
Published: July 2024

The author points to an important area of education, as the article refers to cybereducation as an opportunity to acquire, process and share information over the Internet and using computer systems. Cybereducation in society is provided at several levels: family environment, school (academic) environment, professional (workplaces) environment, local government, community organisations, media. The family environment is mainly about teaching children to be sceptical about sharing data online and teaching them how to use a tablet or computer properly. Cybereducation notably includes cyber lessons given by school and university teachers on how to use the Internet safely. Cybereducation also includes services consisting of offering employees a cybersecurity training package. Non-governmental organisations, an essential part of democracy and civil society, play a significant role in cybereducation in society. The media presence used by individuals and entities who are a source of threat to international peace and security is also significant in this regard. The article contains the characteristics of concepts related to cybereducation, describes the threats and benefits to this issue, and contains conclusions for improving the quality of cybereducation.
Competition Law Implications for Joint Bidding During Public Procurement
Authors: Puksas Andrius , Moisejevas Raimundas , Petkuvienė Rūta
Published: July 2024

In 2023, the European Commission adopted revised Guidelines on the applicability of Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to horizontal co-operation agreement, following a thorough evaluation and review of the Guidelines on the applicability of Article 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union to horizontal co-operation agreements. The chapter of the Guidelines on commercialization agreements was expanded to include a new section on bidding consortia and guidance on the distinction with bid rigging. The Commission proposed to use the term “bidding consortium” for simplicity instead of “joint bidding”. Public procurement and competition law aim to achieve similar goals. Coordinated actions of competitors may jeopardize the outcome of public procurement. This is particularly the case when several potential suppliers attempt to join forces in a public procurement. In the article, the authors analyze the legal framework of the EU Member States for assessing proposals resulting from joint activities and bidding. Particular attention is paid to the regulatory and practical constraints faced by suppliers and contracting authorities.
Out of the Activities of the Special Court in Lublin (1939–1944)
Authors: Graczyk Konrad
Published: July 2024

The article is of a scientific nature. It refers to the activities of the Special Court in Lublin (Sondergericht Lublin) in the years 1939–1944, i.e. one of the German special courts operating in the area of General Government. Investigation of this topic is justified by the lack of even fragmentary findings on that court. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to determine basic facts: what kinds of matters were examined by the Sondergericht; the defendants of what nationality were in majority; what sentences were imposed on the defendants; whether and in what circumstances death penalty was handed down; who presided over the works of the Sondergericht, what judges formed its personnel and what prosecutors took part in the trials before the Sondergericht; where the lawyers involved in the Sondergericht’s works came from; whether the court’s rulings could be set aside by extraordinary means of challenge. The source basis of these considerations are archival materials, literature and the press. On this basis, original, so far unknown findings have been made on the Special Court in Lublin.
A Study about Relationship between Elderly Discrimination Experience and Human R ights Sensitivity: Analysis of Multiple Mediation Effects from Social Support and Self-esteem
Authors: Kim Junpyo , Kim Myoung-il , Byeon Chaerin , Jeong Yeonghui ,   center for social welfare research yonsei university
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to enhance the human rights sensitivity to older people by confirming the effect of discrimination experiences of the elderly on human rights sensitivity, and the multiple mediation effects of social support and self-esteem. For the study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 502 senior citizens aged 65 or older. To analyze the data, multiple mediation effect analysis was conducted using SPSS macro PROCESS v.4.2, and the significance of the mediation effect was confirmed through bootstrapping. The main research results are as follows. First, it was found that the discrimination experience of the elderly affected negatively on their self-esteem and social support, so it is confirmed the need for intervention to lower the negative perceptions by discrimination experience. Second, among the mediation variables, social support completely mediated the relationship between the discrimination experience of the elderly and human rights sensitivity. It is argued that the role of the elderly group that can offset the experience of discrimination should be strengthened. Based on the study results, the researchers suggested practical and policy suggestions such as revitalizing human rights education for the elderly and developing a campaign to improve awareness of the elderly
Impact Pathways of Culture and Arts Education and Academic Achievement on Adolescents' Life Satisfaction: Focusing on CJ Donors Camp
Authors: Kang Jina , Lim Juwon , Chung Ick-Joong , Kim Seohyun ,   center for social welfare research yonsei university
Published: July 2024

This study examined the mediating effects of self-esteem and sense of community on the relationships among culture and arts education, academic achievement, and adolescents’ life satisfaction. Data were collected and analyzed from a sample of 560 adolescents who responded to an online survey among the adolescents who participated in the CJ Welfare Foundation’s Culture and Arts Education Program in 2022, and the results are as follows. First, culture and arts education and academic achievement were found to have a positive impact on life satisfaction when no mediating variables were introduced. Second, culture and arts education had a positive impact on both self-esteem and sense of community, but academic achievement had a positive impact on self-esteem only. Third, both self-esteem and sense of community had a positive impact on life satisfaction. When they were introduced as mediating variables, the relationships among culture and arts education, academic achievement, and life satisfaction became insignificant, thus confirming the full mediation of self-esteem and sense of community in the relationships among culture and arts education, academic achievement, and life satisfaction. Fourth, the total indirect effect of arts and culture education on life satisfaction through self-esteem and sense of community was greater than that of academic achievement. In addition, the individual indirect effect of self-esteem was greater than that of sense of community in the relationships among arts and culture education, academic achievement, and life satisfaction. Based on these research findings, suggestions were made regarding ways to promote cultural and arts education as a means to enhance the life satisfaction of adolescents.
MEDYADA GÖRÜNMEYEN: MUHAFAZAKÂR KADININ MEDYADA TEMSİLİ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Daşdan Hatice , Şener Gülcan
Published: July 2024

Günümüz medyasında muhafazakâr kadınlar genellikle toplumsal, kültürel ve siyasal konumlarıyla değil, çoğunlukla ev içi görevleriyle ya da düşük gelir seviyesiyle özdeşleştirilerek temsil edilmektedir. Bu durum, kadınların gerçek yaşamlarına ve deneyimlerine uygun olmayan, genelleştirici ve sınırlayıcı bir temsil biçimi sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı seçilen diziler kapsamında medyada sıklıkla görünmeyen muhafazakâr kadınların hangi roller üzerinden nasıl konumlandırıldığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma kapsamında amaçsal örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen ve en fazla izlenen yerli televizyon dizilerinden Gönül Dağı ve dijital platformda yayınlanan yerli dizi Bir Başkadır, yer verdikleri muhafazakâr kadınlar nedeniyle analize dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda muhafazakâr kadınların medyada ekonomik özgürlüğünü kazanamamış, eğitim almamış ya da ilk-orta derece eğitim alabilmiş, özerk ya da kamusal bir kimlik geliştirememiş, genellikle gündelikçilik gibi mesleklerle ya da ev hanımı olarak evin içerisinde konumlandırıldıkları tespit edilmiştir.
Modern methods of diagnosis of gynecological diseases
Authors: Mitrofanova P.V. , Ramazanova K.S. , Khodova M.E. , Gagloeva K.I. , Palchaeva A.T. , Zhukova V.S. , Merkulova A.P. , Beshkok M.B. , Goroeva A.Z. , Sidorenko P.O.
Published: July 2024

The article discusses modern methods of diagnosis of gynecological diseases. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine, including gynecology. This paper presents an overview of modern methods of diagnosing gynecological diseases using AI. The authors consider various approaches, such as machine learning and deep learning, and describe their advantages in the context of improving diagnostic accuracy and speed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of large volumes of medical data, which allow us to create more effective diagnostic algorithms. Additionally, the potential of integrating AI into clinical practice and its impact on improving the quality of medical care for women is being considered, opening up new prospects in the field of gynecology.
The effect made by the vaginal microbiome on pregnancy outcome
Authors: Minina E.О. , Fomenko M.S.
Published: July 2024

This article considers the effect made by the vaginal microbiome on the outcome of pregnancy. The vaginal microbiome is important for the health of a woman’s reproductive system and can affect some critical aspects of pregnancy such as the development of preeclampsia and the likelihood of premature birth. This study is based on an analysis of the composition of the microbiome in pregnant women and the correlation of the data obtained with the outcomes of their pregnancy. The results of the study can help in the development of new approaches to predictive diagnostics and treatment of possible pregnancy complications caused by changes in the vaginal microbiome.