bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential immunosuppressive clonal hematopoietic mutations in tumor infiltrating immune cells in breast invasive carcinoma
Authors: Anandakrishnan Ramu , Zyvoloski Ian J , Zyvoloski Lucas R , Opoku Nana K , Dai Andrew , Antony Veneeth
Published: November 2022

A hallmark of cancer is a tumor cell’s ability to evade immune destruction. Somatic mutations in tumor cells that prevent immune destruction have been extensively studied. However, somatic mutations in tumor infiltrating immune (TII) cells, to our knowledge, have not been previously studied. Understandably so since normal hematopoiesis prevents the accumulation of somatic mutations in immune cells. However, clonal hematopoiesis, does result in the accumulation of somatic mutations in immune cells. These mutations cannot “drive” tumor growth, however, they may “facilitate” it by inhibiting an effective anti-tumor immune response. To identify potential immunosuppressive clonal hematopoietic (CH) mutations in TII cells, we analyzed exome and RNA sequencing data from matched tumor and normal blood samples, and single-cell RNA sequencing data, from breast cancer patients. We selected mutations that were somatic, present in TII cells, clonally expanded, potentially pathogenic, expressed in TII cells, unlikely to be a passenger mutation, and in immune response associated genes. We identified eight potential immunosuppressive CH mutations in TII cells. This work is a first step towards determining if immunosuppressive CH mutations in TII cells can affect the progression of solid tumors. Subsequent experimental confirmation could represent a new paradigm in the etiology of cancer.
A method to mitigating toxicity high concentrations of 1, 2, 4 Triazole (a nitrification inhibitor) in plant with use of the root symbiotic fungi
Authors: Padash Akbar , Azarmi Rasoul , Toularoud Ali Ashraf Soltani , Cruz Cristina , Esmaielpour Behrooz
Published: November 2022

Soil contamination with nitrification inhibitors has received a lot of attention in the last few decades due to their potential toxic effects on the plant and soil, but no action has been taken to control and eliminate contamination with nitrification inhibitors. This work tested the hypothesis that symbiotic interactions between fungi and plant roots can reduce the negative effects of the nitrification inhibitor 1, 2, 4-Triazole (TZ) in plants by reducing its uptake. A greenhouse experiment was conducted, using a complete randomized design, to test the effect of symbiotic fungi (Serendipita indica, Glomus etunicatum and mosseae) on the phytotoxicity of TZ applied at four concentrations (Control, 5, 50 and 100 mg / kg soil). Lactuca sativa, cultivar Siyahoo, was selected for this experiment due to its economic value all over the world. HPLC results the concentration of TZ nitrification inhibitor in lettuce leaves was very important. It was found that plants colonized with symbiotic fungi had lower levels of TZ compared to non-colonized plants. Plants treated with S. indica had 65 and 75 percent lower TZ levels (at 50 and 100 mg / kg, respectively) compared with non-colonized plants. TZ at concentrations of 50 and 100 mg / kg also caused a sharp decrease in root colonization, chlorophyll, fresh weight and dry weight of leaves and root growth.
Title：IRAK-M has effects in regulation of lung epithelial inflammation through JNK and p38 MAPK pathways
Authors: Li Jia , Zheng Zhoude , Liu Yi , Zhang Hongbing , Zhang Youming , Gao Jinming
Published: November 2022

Background: Epithelial barrier is important for asthma development by shaping immune responses. Airway expressing-IL-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-M of Toll-like receptor pathway is involved in immunoregulation of airway inflammation through influencing activities of macrophages and dendritic cells or T cell differentiation. IRAK-M is highly inducible in lung epithelial cells. Whether IRAK-M has effect on cellular immunity in airway epithelial cells in response to external stimulation remains unclear.
Methods: We modeled cellular inflammation induced by IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-33, and house dust mite (HDM) in A549 cells. Cytokine production and pathway activation were used to reflect the effects of IRAK-M siRNA knockdown on epithelial immunity. The findings in A549 were validated in BEAS-2B cells. Genotyping an asthma-susceptible IRAK-M SNP rs1624395 and measurement of serum CXCL-10 levels were performed in asthma patients.
Results: IRAK-M expression was significantly induced in A549 and BEAS-2B cells after stimulation. IRAK-M knockdown increased the production of cytokines and chemokines, including IL-6, IL-8, CXCL10, and CXCL11, at both mRNA and protein levels. Lung epithelial cells showed excessive activation of JNK and p38 MAPK pathways by IRAK-M silencing after stimulation. While antagonizing JNK or p38 MAPK inhibited increased secretion of CXCL10 mediated by IRAK-M silencing in cells. Asthma patients carrying G/G genotypes had significantly higher levels of serum CXCL-10 than those carrying homozygote A/A.
Conclusion: Our findings suggested that the immunoregulatory effect of IRAK-M on lung epithelial inflammation, with a particular impact on CXCL10 production via JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. IRAK-M modulation might indicate a new insight into asthma pathogenesis from disease origin.
Atypical Monkeypox Presentation in a Previously Vaccinated Msm Hiv-Positive Adult
Authors: Crosato Verena , Antoni Melania Degli , Izzo Ilaria , Cerini Carlo , Pennati Francesca , Gulletta Maurizio , Odolini Silvia , Tomasoni Lina Rachele , Matteelli Alberto , Castelli Francesco
Published: November 2022

The outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in non-endemic countries is an international public health emergency and the diversity in manifestations poses challenges for early diagnosis and isolation. We describe an atypical case of monkeypox (MPX) in a 46-year-old homosexual male with compensated HIV infection. He reported one day duration fever, a lesion on his chin that, over a period of 18 days, had gradually enlarged and ulcerated. Biopsy examination performed at an external centre revealed pyoderma gangrenous, unconfirmed at a subsequent biopsy. When he reported to our hospital outpatients’ clinic the chin lesion had a diameter of 5x5 cm, necrotic margins and ulcerated base and signs of superinfection. was admitted for further investigations. Three swabs collected from pharynx, skin, and chin lesion resulted positive for MPXV. He had a favourable clinical course and was discharged soon after. Pending the achievement of optimal vaccination coverage in at-risk groups, early identification and isolation of infectious patients represent the cornerstones of the containment strategy. Atypical cases of MPX manifestations are not uncommon, particularly in patients with HIV infection. A high level of suspicion should be maintained to identify infectious cases at an early stage and avoid further spread of the infection.
Hydrogen storage and sensing ability of group 8B transition metal−doped B 12 N 12 nanocages: A DFT investigation
Authors: Rakrai Wandee , Tabtimsai Chanukorn , Kaewtong Chatthai , Chuekachang Sopis , Keawwangchai Somchai , Keawwangchai Tasawan , Wanno Banchob
Published: November 2022

Density functional theory calculations have been performed to investigate nH2 (n = 1 − 4) molecules adsorbed on the pristine and group 8B transition metal (TM = Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, and Pt) doping on B or N site of boron nitride nanocage (B12N12). The structural stability, adsorption ability, and electronic property of before and after different numbers of H2 molecule adsorption on the pristine and the TM − doped B12N12 nanocages have been investigated. The calculated results point out that all TM atoms display strong binding with B12N12 nanocage in which the Os atom displays the strongest interaction with B12N12. In addition, the pristine B12N12 has a weak interaction with the H2 molecules. For hydrogen molecules adsorbed on TM − doped B12N12 nanocages, the hydrogen molecules can be strongly adsorption on the TM − doped B12N12 with appreciable adsorption energy, in which the OsB11N12 displays the strongest interaction with the hydrogen molecules. Accordingly, the hydrogen adsorption abilities of B12N12 can be significantly improved through TM doping. Electronic properties of the pristine B12N12 are significantly changed after TM − doping, especially the energy gap of the B12N12 is dramatically decreased. Moreover, electronic properties of the TM − doped B12N12 nanocages are noticeably changed after adsorptions compared with the pristine B12N12. Therefore, the TM − doped B12N12 can be used for hydrogen storage and sensing applications of B12N12 nanomaterials.
GABBR1 as a predictor of prognosis and Its correlation with immune infiltration and dysfunction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Wensong , Chang Fan , Zhang Jianghui , Tang Shuai , Chen Fangmin
Published: November 2022

Background
Although neurotransmitter receptors have a role in cancer formation, it is uncertain how they impact renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) development and the surrounding immune system. This work intended to explore the role of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Type B Receptor Subunit 1 (GABBR1) in renal clear cell carcinoma formation, methylation, immunological milieu, and immune dysfunction.
Method
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database supplied the patients' clinical data and gene expression pattern, as well as the UALCAN and MethSurv databases provided the methylation data. The single sample gene enrichment approach was utilized to determine immune cell infiltration, and the TIDE database was used to quantify the therapeutic value of immunological checkpoints. R (version 3.6.3) was used to conduct each and every statistical analysis.
Result
The data indicated that increased GABBR1 expression was related with lower overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (p < 0.001). Multiple methylation sites on the gene also connected to lower survival rates. However, GABBR1 hypermethylation is a marker of poorer clinicopathological characteristics. Immune infiltration algorithm findings reveal that GABBR1 is related with a host type of immune cell infiltration in ccRCC, comprising DC cells, T cells, B cells, and NK cells. GABBR1 shows a favorable association with numerous immunosuppressants, including PD-1, CTLA4, CD200, and LAG3, and it has the capacity to foresee the efficacy of immune checkpoint treatment.
Conclusion
GABBR1 is projected to emerge as a new marker for the identification, prognosis, and therapy of renal clear cell carcinoma.
The Portuguese Forest and the Common Agricultural Policy
Authors: Viegas Miguel , Batista Paulo , Cordovil Francisco
Published: November 2022

Objectives.
The article aims to assess the impact of support from the European Union on the prevalence of fires in Portugal. The study has a territorial dimension that identifies the support distribution pattern and the location of forest spaces.
Methods.
The study uses several databases on the territory and on the funds of the European Union distributed by the municipalities of the Portuguese mainland. It uses a spatial econometrics model from endogenous variables constructed from a principal component analysis.
Results.
The results infer that support is concentrated in the most prosperous agricultural regions. The poorest regions where the forest surface is proportionally larger receive little support. There is no correlation between European Union support for forests and the prevalence of fires.
Conclusions.
To reduce the risk and prevalence of fire, it is necessary to promote an active management of forest areas. To this end, it is necessary to review the way in which support from the Common Agricultural Policy is distributed so that vulnerable territories can receive more support, empowering populations and promoting rural development.
Single cell RNA sequence combined with bulk RNA sequence to construct and validate a novel prognostic signature based on cell developmental trajectory- related genes to predict prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Gao Biao , Wang Yafei , Li Chonghui , Lu Shichun
Published: November 2022

Background: Immunotherapy is the first-line treatment for advanced liver cancer. However, there is a dearth of validated molecular indicators to predict immunotherapy response.
Methods:Through a combined analysis of bulk RNA sequence data from 365 HCC cases and single cell sequence data from 2 HCC cases, we created a predictive signature based on cell developmental trajectory-related genes. Some comprehensive examinations, such as Microsatellite Instability (MSI), Tumor Mutation Burden (TMB), somatic mutations, and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE), were carried out to study the connection of immunotherapy response to prognostic signature. External datasets and immunotherapy datas were downloaded and analysed to validate the robustness and superiority of the signature.
Results:365 HCC patients were divided into high-risk group or low-risk group based on scores assessed by the prognosis signature. T stage and Tumor Grade were found to be positively correlated with risk scores. And prognosis in low-risk group was much better when compared with high-risk group. We also confirmed this prognostic signature using external independent data. Interestingly, the high-risk patients had a higher proportion of intratumoral immune cell infiltration, a higher MSI score, a higher TMB score, and a lower TIDE score. These findings suggest that high-risk patients may be more responsive and suitable for immunotherapy. IMvigor210 immunotherapy data confirmed higher response rates in the high-risk group of patients.
Conclusion : Our prognostic signature based on cell developmental trajectory-related genes showed superior performance in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy response in HCC patients, and has the potential to be an effective tool for clinicians to screen a population suitable for immunotherapy in the future.
Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Diagnostic Genes in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Periodontitis
Authors: Liu Xiaodan , Wang Haojie , Li Ming , Zhang Jingran , Gao Zhanyi , Wan Meng , Zhang Zhihui , Cai Yu , Luan Qingxian , Wang Xiao
Published: November 2022

Background:Over the last decade, there has been an increasing number of clinical and laboratory evidence supporting associations between Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and periodontitis, but few studies have been conducted on the underlying mechanisms of the two diseases through the transcriptomic approach. In this study, gene co-expression networks between PCOS and periodontitis were analyzed by bioinformatics tools.Methods:PCOS and periodontitis expression data were downloaded from the GEO database, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. After obtaining Intersected genes, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and random forest (RF) algorithm were used to screen hub genes in PCOS and periodontitis. The functions of the hub genes were analyzed by GSEA, and the correlations between hub genes and immune infiltration in two diseases were examined. Furthermore, a TF-ceRNA regulatory network of hub genes was constructed.Results:There were 1,661 DEGs in PCOS and 701 DEGs in periodontitis compared to the controls. After overlapping, 66 intersected genes were shown to be involved in PCOS and periodontitis, and were mainly enriched in immune and inflammation-related biological processes and pathways. 40 common genes were selected from the PPI network constructed by STRING. The RF algorithm demonstrated that ACSL5, NLRP12, CCRL2, and CEACAM3 were hub genes in PCOS and periodontitis, and the GSEA result revealed their close relationship with the antigen processing and presentation, and chemokine signaling pathway. Moreover, the data showed that those 4 hub genes may serve as diagnostic genes for PCOS and periodontitis.Conclusion:This study identified ACSL5, NLRP12, CCRL2, and CEACAM3 as the diagnostic genes at the intersection of PCOS and periodontitis, and establish a ceRNA network, which could provide a molecular basis for future experimental studies on the association between PCOS and periodontitis.
Towards Improving Agility in Public Administration
Authors: Looks Hanna , Fangmann Jannik , Thomaschewski Jörg , Escalona María José , Eva-Maria Schön
Published: November 2022

In times of crises, such as the refugee crisis or the corona pandemic, the workload in public administrations increases because of the demands of citizens or short-term legal changes. In addition, there is an increasing need for digitalization or to be able to react flexibly to changes. Agile process models and agile practices are appropriate to overcome these challenges. The objective of this paper is to investigate how public administrations can measure their degree of agility to identify potential for improving it. The authors conducted a descriptive single-case study which included multiple units of analysis in a public administration in Germany. The case study was supported by their questionnaire for measuring the degree of agility. One outcome of this study is a conceptual framework that can be used to drive agile transformation in public administrations by continuously measuring agility. Therefore, a questionnaire for measuring agility at team level in public administrations has been developed. The application of the questionnaire in three teams provide insights into dysfunctionality in the interdisciplinary teams as well as optimization potential in terms of affinity to change. The adoption of agility in public administration is a challenge, given that resistance to change is still prevalent. A transformational change is a constant journey and therefore the measurement of progress plays an important role in the continuous improvement of an organization. The applied approach delivers high potential for improvement in terms of agility and provides interesting insights for both practitioners and academics.
Comprehensive investigation on physicochemical properties, flavor profile, and anti-gastric ulcer potentialities of fermented oyster products
Authors: Liu Li , Liu Xue , Yang Xinyi , Xu Xinxing , Zeng Mingyong
Published: November 2022

Molecular sensory science and alcoholic gastric ulcer model were employed to explore the quality and gastroprotection of different fermented oyster products. The fermented oyster hydrolysates (OYF) were rich in amino acids and fatty acids. Lysine, leucine, and valine increased after fermentation, while UFAs exhibited a downward trend. The structure of different fermented oyster products was evaluated by FT-IR and UV, which were mainly manifested in the changes of protein and lipid. “Grass,” “acidic,” “milky,” “fishy,” and “metallic” were identified as the key sensory attributes. Forty-five volatiles were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 4-Hexen-1-ol, hexanoic acid, 2-pentenyl-furan, and acetic acid contributed for the aroma profile after fermentation. Moreover, OYF could alleviate oxidative stress, reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-β, and NF-κB protein) and increase defense factors. The research demonstrates the relation of quality and bioactivities in OYF and provides a reference for the intensive processing of oyster industry.
Manganese-catalysed Selective Upgrading of Primary Alcohols with Ethanol under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Shao Zhihui , Li Xinyan , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhao Mingqin
Published: November 2022

The transition metal-catalysed Guerbet reaction allows the utilisation of feedstock alcohols and provides a direct and benign approach for the construction of C–C bonds. Herein, we describe the first non-noble metal manganese catalytic system that enables the efficient synthesis of higher-order alcohols via the cross-coupling of biomass-derived ethanol with primary alcohols. The process proceeded with high selectivity in the presence of a well-defined manganese pincer complex under solvent-free conditions. Catalyst loadings as low as 0.03 mol% can be used, leading to a record turnover number of 2336. A wide range of benzylic alcohols (> 20 examples) and aliphatic alcohols can be converted to longer linear alcohols in high yields and with excellent functional group tolerance.
Taxonomic and Functional Community Composition of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) Changes with Prescribed Fire Severity
Authors: Mason Stephen C. , Shirey Vaughn , Waite Evan S. , Gallagher Michael R. , Skowronkski Nicholas
Published: November 2022

Prescribed fire is a conservation management tool that is frequently used to foster biodiversity by attempting to mimic historic wildfire regimes, reduce invasive species, and maintain habitat integrity. Simultaneously, insects that provide essential ecosystem services such as decomposition, nutrient cycling, and pest control, are globally declining. Within the pyroentomology literature there are mixed reports of positive and negative effects that prescribed fires have on insect communities. This is likely due to generalizing prescribed fires and not accounting for fire heterogeneity created by the fire characteristics such as fire severity. To better understand if prescribed fire severity can affect insect communities, we used multispectral reflectance data collected by Sentinel-2 to methodically quantify prescribed fire severity and compared ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) taxonomic and functional community composition responses between an unburned site and two sites burned with contrasting fire impacts. We found 23 ground beetle species and used 30 morphological, physiological, phenological, and ecological functional traits for each species. We found that our moderate fire severity site had different taxonomic and functional community compositions from both our unburned and high severity site. Surprisingly, we did not find a strong difference in taxonomic or functional ground beetle composition between our unburned and high severity site. Thus, we provide support that prescribed fire severity does affect ground beetle community composition and encourage future pyroentomology studies to account for fire severity which will help guide conservation managers to make more accurate decisions and predictions about prescribed fire effects on biodiversity in our native landscapes.
Systemic inflammation leads to changes in the intracellular localization of Klk6 in oligodendrocytes in spinal cord white matter
Authors: Furube Eriko , Ohgidani Masahiro , Yoshida Shigetaka
Published: November 2022

Axonal injury and demyelination occur in demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, and the detachment of myelin from axons precedes its degradation. Paranodes are the areas at which each layer of the myelin sheath adheres tightly to axons. The destruction of nodal and paranodal structures during inflammation is an important pathophysiology of various neurological disorders. However, the underlying pathological changes in these structures remain unclear. Kallikrein 6 (Klk6), a serine protease produced by oligodendrocytes, is involved in demyelinating diseases. In the present study, we intraperitoneally injected mice with LPS for several days and examined changes in the localization of Klk6. Transient changes in the intracellular localization of Klk6 to paranodes in the spinal cord were observed during LPS-induced systemic inflammation. However, these changes were not detected in the upper part of brain white matter. LPS-induced changes were suppressed by minocycline, suggesting the involvement of microglia. Moreover, nodal lengths were elongated in LPS-treated wild-type mice, but not in LPS-treated Klk6-KO mice. These results demonstrate the potential involvement of Klk6 in the process of demyelination.
Ovicidal toxicity of plant essential oils and their major constituents against two mosquito vectors and their non-target aquatic predators
Authors: Moungthipmalai Tanapoom , Puwanard Cheepchanok , Aungtikun Jirapon , Sittichok Sirawut , Soonwera Mayura
Published: November 2022

Plant essential oil (EO) is a natural alternative to synthetic chemical insecticides for mosquito control. EOs from Citrus aurantium L., Cymbopogon citratus (Stapf.), and Cinnamomum verum (J. Presl.) were selected for topical assay of their ovicidal activity against Aedes aegypti L. and Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Their efficacy was compared to that of 1% (w/w) temephos. In addition, their non-toxicity against aquatic mosquito predators, Poecilia latipinna and Poecilia reticulate, was tested. Found by GC-MS analysis, the major constituent of C. verum EO was trans- cinnamaldehyde, of C. aurantium EO was d-limonene, and of C. citratus EO was geranial. Both C. verum EO and trans-cinnamaldehyde at a high concentration (30,000 ppm) exhibited high ovicidal activity against Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus eggs after 48 h of incubation with an inhibition rate of 91.0–93.0% for C. verum EO and 96.7–95.2% for trans-cinnamaldehyde. The combination of C. verum EO + geranial exhibited the strongest synergistic inhibition activity (100%) against the two mosquito vectors and was five times more effective than temephos. Moreover, they were not toxic to the non-target fishes. As a safe ovicidal agent for mosquito egg control, the combination of C. verum EO + geranial has excellent potential.
Hydrogen-bonded structure and optical nonlinearities in the proton-transfer complex of 8-hydroxy-5-nitroquinoline with ρ-toluenesulfonic acid
Authors: Sivaraman Shanmugam , Markkandan R , Pandiarajan Kasinathan , Meenakshisundaram Subbiah
Published: November 2022

Single crystals of 8-hydroxy-5-nitroquinolinium p-toluene sulfonate (HNT) were grown by the slow evaporation solution growth technique. The structure was elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the crystal belongs to the monoclinic system with the space group C2/c. The crystallinity of HNT was studied by powder X-ray diffraction analysis. The presence of functional groups was determined by FT-IR spectral analysis. The band gap energy is estimated by the application of the Kubelka–Munk algorithm. The charge transfer characteristic of the compound was studied by frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) analysis. The first-order hyperpolarizability of the HNT molecule was found to be 285.45 × 10− 30 esu, which is ~ 750 times higher compared to the reference urea molecule. Investigation of the intermolecular interactions and crystal studies packing via Hirshfeld surface analysis, based on single-crystal XRD, reveals that the close contacts are associated with molecular interactions. Fingerprint plots of the Hirshfeld surfaces were used to locate and analyze the percentage of hydrogen-bonding interactions. The Mulliken charge of the present molecule was theoretically analyzed. The Kurtz-Perry powder technique has been used to estimate the second harmonic generation. Observed small SHG and large hyperpolarizability are rationalized.
Exploring the delay in the informed consent procedures of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: Is it worth the wait?
Authors: Maimaitiming Mailikezhati , Ma Junxiong , Dong Xuejie , Zhou Shuduo , Li Na , Zhang Zheng , Lu Shijuan , Chen Lianglong , Ma Likun , Yu Bo , Ma Yitong , Zhao Xingsheng , Zheng Zhaofen , Shi Hong , Zheng Zhi-Jie , Jin Yinzi , Huo Yong
Published: November 2022

Objective:To investigated the factors associated with informed consent delay in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the association between the delay and door-to-balloon time.
Methods:We conducted a nationally representative retrospective cohort study using patient data reported by hospital-based chest pain centers from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020.
Results: In total, 257,510 patients were enrolled in the analysis. Mean informed consent delay time was 22.4 minutes, accounting for 39.3% in door-to-balloon time. Older age (≥65 years) was significantly correlated with informed consent delay time (RR: 1.034, p=0.001). Compared with ethnic Han patients, the minority (RR: 1.146, p<0.001) had more likelihood to extend consent giving; compared with patients who were single, longer informed consent time was found in married patients (RR: 1.054, p=0.006). Patients with intermittent chest pain (RR: 1.034, p=0.011), and chest pain relief (RR: 1.085, p=0.005)were more likely to delay informed consent. As for transfer modes, EMS (RR: 1.063, p<0.001), transfer-in (RR: 1.820, p<0.001), and in-hospital onset (RR: 1.099, p=0.002) all had positive correlations with informed consent delay time compared to walk-in. Informed consent delay was significantly associated with prolonged door-to-balloon time (OR: 1.002, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Informed consent delay provokes prolongation of emergency treatment delay, which potentially leads to poor outcome of STEMI patients. It is essential to shorten the delay time by identifying and intervening modifiable factors that are associated with shortening the informed consent procedure in China and other countries.
Simulatenous evaluation of composting experiments and metagenome analyses to illuminate the effect of Streptomyces spp. on organic matter degradation
Authors: Kocak Fadime Ozdemir , Tanır Saadet Gizem Ertekin , Cetin Ayten Kumas , Degirmenci Levent
Published: November 2022

Streptomyces spp. were isolated via sampling during thermophilic phase of a compost system. Isolates were subjected to a careful and detailed sets of procedures in order to select best candidates effective on organic matter degradation. This effect, on organic matter degradation was illumanated by evaluation of composting experiments and metagenome analyses in accordance. Results indicated dominanace of strains when added to compost systems. This dominanace was found to be partially due to possible secondary metabolite production of isolates determined by antagonism tests. The dominance of strains was in fact distinctive in establishment of variant organic matter degradation. Enzymatic activity as a result of strains’ dominance was provided as an explanation based on evaluation of metagenomic counts. Metagenome count numbers revealed the tendency of compost microbiota towards degradation products of cellulose and xylan was also determined to be least favored polysaccharide. Results also implied a decrease of competition between the dominant strain and microbita members in the case of sequential cellulose and xylan degradation. Meticulous evaluation of results obtained from metagenome analysis also provided some insights on certain conditions regarding the progress of composting along with storage conditions of manure prior to use.
Layer-dependent stability of 2D mica nanosheets
Authors: Kim Jae-Hun , Kulish Vadym. V. , Wu Shunnian , Wu Ping , Osada Minoru , Kim Hyoun Woo , Kim Sang Sub
Published: November 2022

We report on the layer-dependent stability of muscovite-type two-dimensional (2D) mica nanosheets (KAl3Si3O10(OH)2). First-principles calculations on mica nanosheets with different layer thicknesses (n = 1, 2, and 3) reveal their layer-dependent stability; odd-numbered 2D mica nanosheets are more stable than even-numbered ones, and the preferable stability of odd-numbered layers originates from electronic effects. A core-shielding model is proposed with a reasonable assumption, successfully proving the instability of the even-numbered mica nanosheets. Raman imaging supports that the population of odd-numbered mica nanosheets is predominant in exfoliated mica products. The alternating charge states with odd/even layers were evidenced by Kelvin probe force microscopy. We also demonstrate a unique photocatalytic degradation, opening new doors for environmental applications of mica nanosheets.
Analysis of the reduction processes at the bottom of Lake Meirama
Authors: Juncosa Ricardo , Delgado Jorge , cereijo Jose Luis , Muñoz Andrea
Published: November 2022

The formation of natural lakes is a process that takes place over thousands of years, although the volumetric formation depends on hydrological and climatological phenomena, reaching a stationary hydraulic regime, the evolution of hydrochemistry is more complex and obeys not only phenomena of stoichiometry and chemical kinetics, but also diffusion processes. Depending on the depth of the lakes, the anoxisation process originating from the bottom is the first phase of the lake's methanogenesis. For this, the course of many thousands of years is necessary, so the studies carried out in the lakes are limited to the current knowledge of the state in which they are, without being able to have real information in this process of methanogenesis. There are no data available on the generation process of a natural lake in its primary stages. In this case, taking advantage of the rehabilitation of the old open-pit mining of Meirama (Northwest Spain), consisting of the controlled flooding of the hole by groundwater, by stopping the perimeter pumping, and the derivation of the nearby streams, whose contribution was the majority with respect to the subterranean contribution, there has been the opportunity to physically and chemically monitor the complete filling of said hole. The present study focuses on the analysis of the evolution of the different processes initiated in the methanogenesis of the lake bottom identified in the well-known Redox ladder: obtaining oxygen from the reduction of nitrogenous compounds and metallic oxides, from the reduction of the sulfate and the generation of methane from carbon compounds, the latter phase without reaching. Although the methanization process is very slow, we have had the opportunity to know the formation of a lake at its origin, from the hydrochemical point of view.
Primary yolk sac tumor of the endometrium combined with total visceral inversion: A case report and literature review
Authors: Liu Rong , Wang Yanru , Wang Yani , Wang Xinfeng , Chen Xiujie , Hu Jiangong
Published: November 2022

Background Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a highly malignant germ cell tumor, a majority of which originate from the gonads and is extremely rare from endometrium. Case presentation Here we present a case of a 42-year-old woman suffered from primary pure yolk sac tumor of endometrium complicated with total visceral inversion. The patient presented at our hospital with irregular vaginal bleeding, imageological examination showed a space-occupying lesion in the cervix and serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level was significantly high (more than 1210ng/ml). Then she underwent total hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Subsequent postoperative pathological diagnosis was yolk sac tumor arising from endometrium. Next, the patient was treated with 6 cycles of chemotherapy with Pingyangmycin, etoposide and cisplatin regimen and was alive without evidence of recurrence or distant metastases for 13 months. Conclusions This rare disease needs to be differentiated from endometrial epithelial neoplasia and the significant increase in AFP is helpful for diagnosis. Combined with previous literature reports, comprehensive staging laparotomy or maximum cytoreductive surgery complemented by standard chemotherapy can usually achieve a good efficacy.
Diversity analysis and gene function prediction of bacteria of Alxa white cashmere goat milk and its dairy products in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Bao wuyundalai , He Yuxing , Yu Jinghe , Liu Mingchao , Bao Yiran
Published: November 2022

At present, there are few reports on bacterial diversity of Alxa white cashmere goat milk and its dairy products.The results of this study showed that there were significant differences in bacterial diversity and abundance of Alxa white cashmere goat milk and its dairy products (p < 0.05), The dominant bacteria phylum and dominant bacteria genus are changed when goat milk is made into traditional dairy products. In this study, we found that there were many unspecified bacterial genera in goat milk and its dairy products, which need to be further studied. In addition, the relative abundance of foodborne pathogenic bacteria generic such as Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Raoultella and Pseudomonas in dairy products decreased sharply, which provided a reference for the safety evaluation of goat milk and its dairy products. Prediction of bacterial gene function by PICRUSt2 software revealed that the main bacterial metabolic pathways in goat milk and dairy products were Global and overview maps, Carbohydrate metabolism and Amino acid metabolism, etc. This study shows that there are differences in the functions of metabolism-related genes in goat milk and dairy products, which further indicates that the functions of these major metabolic genes are closely related to probiotics in traditional dairy products. In summary, the results of this study not only have a certain understanding of the bacterial diversity in Alxa white cashmere goat milk and its dairy products, but also provide a reference for the study of probiotics, functional genes and safety evaluation in goat milk and its dairy products.
Explainable predictions of a machine learning model to forecast the postoperative length of stay for severe patients
Authors: Cho Ha Na , Ahn Imjin , Gwon Hansle , Kang Hee Jun , Kim Yunha , Seo Hyeram , Choi Heejung , Kim Minkyoung , Han Jiye , Kee Gaeun , Jun Tae Joon , Kim Young-Hak
Published: November 2022

Understanding the length of stay of severe patients who require general anesthesia is key to enhancing health outcomes. Here, we aim to discover how machine learning can support resource allocation management and decision-making resulting from the length of stay prediction. A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2018 to October 2020. A total cohort of 240,000 patients’ medical records was collected. The data were collected exclusively for preoperative variables to accurately analyze the predictive factors impacting the postoperative length of stay. The main outcome of this study is an analysis of the length of stay (in days) after surgery until discharge. The prediction was performed with ridge regression, random forest, XGBoost, and multi-layer perceptron neural network models. The XGBoost resulted in the best performance with an average error within 3 days. Moreover, we explain each feature’s contribution over the XGBoost model and further display distinct predictors affecting the overall prediction outcome at the patient level. The risk factors that most importantly contributed to the stay after surgery were as follows: a direct bilirubin laboratory test, department change, calcium chloride medication, gender, and diagnosis with the removal of other organs. Our results suggest that healthcare providers take into account the risk factors such as the laboratory blood test, distributing patients, and the medication prescribed prior to the surgery. We successfully predicted the length of stay after surgery and provide explainable models with supporting analyses. In summary, we demonstrate the interpretation with the XGBoost model presenting insights on preoperative features and defining higher risk predictors to the length of stay outcome. Our development in explainable models supports the current in-depth knowledge for the future length of stay prediction on electronic medical records that aids the decision-making and facilitation of the operation department.
IL-33 Involved in the Progression of Liver Fibrosis Regulated by ICOS/ICOSL Signaling in Early Stage of Mice Schistosomiasis
Authors: Liu Lei , Wang Peng , Xie Shi-Qi , Pu Wen-Jie , Xu Jing , Xia Chanoming
Published: November 2022

Backgrounds:
IL-33 is an important pro-inflammatory factor involved in the schistosomiasis liver fibrosis. The inducible costimulator (ICOS) could bind to ICOS ligand (ICOSL), participating in chronic schistosomiasis.
Methods
The levels of IL-33 were determined in ICOSL-KO and WT mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum), respectively. Then recombinant IL-33 (rIL-33) was injected into ICOSL-KO mice infected with S. japonicum.
Results
The concentrations of IL-33 were lower in ICOSL-KO mice that in WT mice. Furthermore, the injection of rIL-33 successfully aggravated liver fibrosis in ICOSL-KO mice, increased the numbers of lymphocyte antigen 6C (Ly6C)hi, enhanced the expression of C-C chemokine ligand (CCL)2, CCL5 and C-X-C motif chemokine 2 (CXCL2), and promoted polarization of T helper (Th) cells to Th2 cells, as well as induced the autophagy and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).
Conclusions
Overall, the liver fibrosis was aggravated in ICOSL-KO mice along with the rIL-33, which could skew the polarization of Mφ, induce Th cells activation, HSCs apoptosis and autophagy through Smad2/3 and TGF-β signaling pathway. Our study gives an insight into antagonizing IL-33 as a potential target against liver fibrosis in ICOSL-KO mice.
Maraging Steel Powder Recycling Effect on the Tensile and Fatigue Behavior of Parts Produced Through the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) Process
Authors: RAYAN OTHMANE , Brousseau Jean , Belzile Claude , Ouafi Abderrazak El
Published: November 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) has advanced the manufacturing industry and has been employed in a wide range of industrial applications, including in aerospace, automotive, medical and die-casting equipment. To ensure the cost-effectiveness of the AM process, unfused powder must be recycled even if its characteristics may change after each cycle, making essential the validation of powder quality and component mechanical performances. Despite the research published to date, predicting the mechanical performance of printed parts issued from reused powder remains challenging since it is dependent on many AM process variables. Until now, no research has looked at the impact of powder recycling on the fatigue behavior of maraging steel components. This study investigates the impact of maraging steel powder reuse on powder characteristics, as well as on the tensile and fatigue properties of printed components. Our results indicate that the powder particle size distribution increased after eight powder recycling, particle morphology showed the presence of aggregates, broken particles, shattered and deformed particles, while powder apparent density remained constant. Powder reusing had no significant impact on the surface roughness of as-built specimens. Although there was a slight decrease in mechanical properties over reuse cycles, tensile and fatigue performance remained globally stable, while the standard deviation of fatigue stress became narrower after eight cycles. Finally, fractography revealed that the fatigue fracture surfaces of components manufactured from an eight-time recycled powder have more fusion defects and carbon inclusions than the parts made from virgin powder.
Assessment of the dibenzothiophene desulfurization potential of indigenously isolated bacterial consortium IQMJ-5: A different approach to safeguard the environment
Authors: Khan Javed , Ali Muhammad Ishtiaq , Jamal Asif , Achakzai Jahangir Khan , Shirazi Jafir Hussain , Haleem Abdul
Published: November 2022

Biodesulfurization is emerging as a valuable technology for the desulfurization of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its alkylated substitutes, which are otherwise regarded as refractory to other physical and chemical desulfurizing techniques. However, the technique is currently facing the issue of the nonavailability of an effective microbial isolate with the capability of increased desulfurizing rate and the ability to tackle the problem of product inhibition. Pure cultures belonging to different genera have been used at a large scale for the desulfurization of fossil fuels while studies on the desulfurization of fossil fuels employing microbial consortia are entirely missing. Herein, we isolated several kinds of dibenzothiophene desulfurizing bacterial consortia from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil samples by conventional enrichment technique. The outcomes of Gibb’s assay analysis showed that six isolates followed the “4S” pathway and converted DBT to 2-hydroxybiphenyl (2-HBP). Among the isolates, I5 showed maximum growth rate (0.0064 g dry cell weight L-1h-1) and desulfurization activity (about 77% as indicated by HPLC analysis) and was considered for further in-depth experimentation. The analysis of 16S rRNA by high throughput sequencing approach of the I5 isolate revealed five types of bacterial phyla including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Patascibacteria, and Actinobacteria (in order of abundance). The isolate showed significant tolerance to the inhibitory effect of both 2-HBP and sulfate and maintained growth in the presence of even about 1.0 mM initial concentration of both products. This clearly suggests that the isolate can be an efficient candidate for improving the quality of the coal.
Simultaneous determination of four gingerol components in ginger extracts by a single marker (QAMS) using a new calculation of relative correction factor
Authors: Li Zhining , Li Feifei , Li Xiao , Ma Yanni , Zhang Lixian , Fan Yi , Song Mengjiao , Zhang Taotao , Wei Yue
Published: November 2022

The lack of standard substances is a bottleneck for quality control in traditional and alternative medicine. Development of the ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole liquid-mass tandem system (UPLC-MS/MS) approaches combined with single standard for quantitative analysis of multi-component system (QAMS) allowed determination of several gingerol components in ginger extracts by implementation of the relative response factors (RRFs). Four gingerol components of 6-gingerol, 8-gingerol, 10-gingerol and 6-Shogaol were selected as analytes to evaluate the quality by UPLC-MS/MS. A new relative response factors (nRRF, fox) were established by calculating the ratio of the logarithm of the response and the injection concentration of the analytes to the internal reference. The contents of four analytes in ginger extracts were determined by the single marker of nonivamide used as the internal reference which did not exist in the sample and was similar to gingerol in structure and performance. The method was evaluated by a comparison of the quantitative results between the external standard method (ESM) and QAMS. The results showed that no significant differences were found in the quantitative results of the four contents of essential oil extract of ginger from three different extraction methods determined by ESM and QAMS. The QAMS method could serve as an accurate and convenient method in determining the gingerol components in the essential oil extract of ginger and its processed products.
Research on Damage of Underwater Shock Waves at Multiple Explosion Points to Ships
Authors: Duan Conghui , Yin Jianping , Wang Zhijun , Hao Zhiwei
Published: November 2022

In order to study the impact of shallow water explosion shock wave on the ship damage and the overpressure distribution law under different burst points and different explosive quantity and charge, the TNT column bare charge is selected, based on LS-DYNA finite element software, the underwater explosion model is created, and the numerical simulation study of underwater explosion under different burst points is carried out, and the correctness of the finite element model is verified by comparing with the empirical formula. The results show that: the numerical simulation of the underwater explosion shock wave results affected by the mesh size, the use of explosive diameter of 1/10 ~ 1/5 of the mesh size can be more accurate simulation results; the use of torpedo scattering mode of operation, the bottom of the middle part of the ship after hitting the damage effect is much greater than when not hit, hit the ship and the head and stern side of one of the best damage effect; only hit the stern sides of the case when, 100kg of explosives can do the same or better than 200kg of explosives damage effect, can save part of the resources. It can provide some reference for the study of shallow water explosion damage to ships and torpedo dispersal operations.