bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual Mode Symmetrical Proportional Resonant Controlled Quadratic Boost Converter for PMSM-Drive
Authors: Bhavani Somasundaram , Sivaprakasam Arumugam
Published: January 2023

Power electronics-based converters have been widely used in several applications, specifically electric propulsion systems. Ongoing advancements in converters have led to high-gain Quadratic Boost Converters (QBC) which control Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drive. In this work, a novel scheme is employed, particularly a three-phase inverter between QBC and PMSM operated by a dual-mode controller strategy. Precisely, the novelty of this work is to use the quadratic boost converter to control the PMSM drive by applying different control strategies. This work also demonstrates the simulation of two different current control strategies applied to a Semi-Converter (SC) fed QBC based on PMSM-based EV. It also presents the strategy, inquiry, and model of SC-based QBC three-phase inverter (TPI) fed PMSM with symmetrical operated PI (Proportional Integral), FOPID (Fractional Order Proportional Integral Derivative), and PR (Proportional Resonant) controllers. The simulated results offer a significant improvement in PMSM parameters compared with the PI-PI framework, notably voltage, speed, and torque against source disturbances. Further, the PR-PR control approach provides better time-domain parameters than the PI-PI control strategy (including the least rise time (Tr) of 1.15 s, peak time (Tp) of 2.38 s, settling time (Ts) of 4.12 s, and steady-state error (Ess) of 4.89 s). Furthermore, the experimental module is designed to test the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies and was found to be more advantageous in dual mode symmetric PR-PR controlled SC-based QBC-TPI fed PMSM.
Monitoring of Insecticide Resistance Mutations and Pathogen Circulation in Sand Flies from Emilia-Romagna, a Leishmaniasis Endemic Region of Northern Italy
Authors: Balaska Sofia , Calzolari Mattia , Grisendi Annalisa , Scremin Mara , Dottori Michele , Mavridis Konstantinos , Bellini Romeo , Vontas John
Published: January 2023

The continuously expanding distribution of sand flies, proven vectors of Leishmania and of several phleboviruses, is a growing public health issue in Europe. Especially in Italy, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is occurring with increasing incidence northward, in previously non-endemic provinces. Around the globe, disease elimination efforts largely focus on sand fly vector insecticidal control, often leading to the development of resistance. In Emilia-Romagna (ER), northern Italy, insecticides are heavily applied for agricultural and mosquito control, but not specifically against sand flies. Here, we investigated the sand fly species composition in certain environmental settings in ER provinces and monitored the presence of pyrethroid resistance mutations and pathogen circulation. Phlebotomus perfiliewi, a dominant vector of Leishmania infantum, was detected almost exclusively in the region. No mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene, e.g., knock-down resistance mutations I1011M, L1014F/S, V1016G, or F1020S, were recorded. Pathogen monitoring revealed that almost 40% of the tested sand fly pools were positive for Leishmania, while the presence of Toscana and Fermo phleboviruses was also observed in much lower frequencies (≤3% positive pools). Regular epidemiological and entomological monitoring, alongside resistance surveillance, is highly recommended to ensure the sustainability and efficiency of vector control interventions.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Elderly Patients with COVID-19: Potential of Melatonin Treatment
Authors: Yiang Giou-Teng , Wu Chia-Chao , Lu Chien-Lin , Hu Wan-Chung , Tsai Yi-Ju , Huang Yiao-Mien , Su Wen-Lin , Lu Kuo-Cheng
Published: January 2023

Aging processes, including immunosenescence, inflammation, inflammasome formation, genomic instability, telomeric attrition, and altered autophagy, are involved in viral infections and they may contribute to increased pathophysiological responses to the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the elderly; this poses additional risks of accelerated aging, which could be found even after recovery. Aging is associated with oxidative damage. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infections may increase the production of reactive oxygen species and such infections will disturb the Ca++ balance via an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated unfolded protein response. Although vaccine development and anti-inflammation therapy lower the severity of COVID-19, the prevalence and mortality rates are still alarming in some countries worldwide. In this review, we describe the involvement of viral proteins in activating ER stress transducers and their downstream signals and in inducing inflammation and inflammasome formation. Furthermore, we propose the potential of melatonin as an ER stress modulator, owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory effects in viral infections. Considering its strong safety profile, we suggest that additive melatonin supplementation in the elderly could be beneficial in treating COVID-19.
Trend Analysis of Precipitation, Runoff and Major Ions for the Russian Part of the Selenga River Basin
Authors: Bazarzhapov Tcogto Zh. , Shiretorova Valentina G. , Radnaeva Larisa D. , Nikitina Elena P. , Sodnomov Bator V. , Tsydypov Bair Z. , Batomunkuev Valentin S. , Taraskin Vasilii V. , Dong Suocheng , Li Zehong , Wang Ping
Published: January 2023

At present, the problem of climate change is becoming increasingly acute. This is especially pressing for Lake Baikal, a World Natural Heritage site. The Russian part of the Selenga watershed is a suitable site for climate change research. The study of changes in precipitation, runoff, and chemical runoff is important for sustainable water resources management. This study presents a trend analysis of precipitation and runoff at hydrological stations and weather stations in the Russian part of the Selenga River basin. A comparative analysis of the concentrations of major ions in the surface water of the Selenga River depending on water levels was also carried out. Analysis of the data series on precipitation revealed a slight negative trend at the Novoselenginsk, Ulan-Ude, and Kabansk stations, and a weak positive trend—at the Kyakhta station. Runoff analysis revealed negative trends at the two used stations (Novoselenginsk and Mostovoi). The hydrochemical regime of the Selenga River is characterized by an increase in major ions and salinity during winter low-water periods, and a decrease during high-water periods. Mineralization and major ion content are lower in the high-water period (2019–2021) than in the low-water period (2015–2017).
Water Quality Assessment and Environmental Impact of Heavy Metals in the Red Sea Coastal Seawater of Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
Authors: El-Sorogy Abdelbaset S. , Youssef Mohamed , Al-Hashim Mansour H.
Published: January 2023

The Yanbu industrial city along the Red Sea coast includes industries associated with crude oil and natural gas production and refining and support industries that produce manufactured goods for domestic and/or internal consumption. This study investigates the potential environmental impact and the possible sources of heavy metals (HMs), and it evaluates the quality of coastal surface seawater in the vicinity of Yanbu, along the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. Thirty seawater samples have been collected and analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) in order to determine the concentration values of Fe, Cr, Pb, Sb, Mn, Cu, Zn, Al, Ni, As, Cd, Co, and Hg. Reported HMs averages (μg/L) are in the following sequence: Ni (4.424) > As (4.297) > Cu (2.447) > Zn (1.667) > Al (1.133) > Fe (0.983) > Cr (0.723) > Mn (0.328) > Cd (0.309) > Pb (0.276) > Sb (0.238) > Co (0.144) > Hg (0.058). The contamination index (Cd) showed low contamination levels in all of the analyzed samples, whereas the index of heavy metal pollution (HPI) revealed medium contamination levels in 28 samples and low levels in two samples. Reported high HMs variations within samples are attributed to the multiplication of sources. The statistical analyses indicated anthropogenic sources for Cd, Co, Hg, Zn, and Ni, which may have originated from industrial, farming, or fishing activities around Yanbu city, while the remaining metals might be originated from combined lithogenic and human sources.
Modelling of Deep Learning-Based Downscaling for Wave Forecasting in Coastal Area
Authors: Adytia Didit , Saepudin Deni , Tarwidi Dede , Pudjaprasetya Sri Redjeki , Husrin Semeidi , Sopaheluwakan Ardhasena , Prasetya Gegar
Published: January 2023

Wave prediction in a coastal area, especially with complex geometry, requires a numerical simulation with a high-resolution grid to capture wave propagation accurately. The resolution of the grid from global wave forecasting systems is usually too coarse to capture wave propagation in the coastal area. This problem is usually resolved by performing dynamic downscaling that simulates the global wave condition into a smaller domain with a high-resolution grid, which requires a high computational cost. This paper proposes a deep learning-based downscaling method for predicting a significant wave height in the coastal area from global wave forecasting data. We obtain high-resolution wave data by performing a continuous wave simulation using the SWAN model via nested simulations. The dataset is then used as the training data for the deep learning model. Here, we use the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) as the deep learning models. We choose two study areas, an open sea with a swell-dominated area and a rather close sea with a wind-wave-dominated area. We validate the results of the downscaling with a wave observation, which shows good results.
Reliability Treatment of Silicon in Oilfield Wastewater by Electrocoagulation
Authors: Teng Weiwei , Liu Shijie , Zhang Xin , Zhang Feng , Yang Xianglu , Xu Mengxiao , Hou Junwei
Published: January 2023

Scaling caused by silicate in oilfield wastewater gathering system pipelines can cause serious pipeline blockage. Therefore, this study adopts facile, effective and environment friendly electrocoagulation method to remove the silicon in oilfield wastewater. After confirming the level of factors through single factor experiments, the optimal scheme for electrocoagulation was selected by orthogonal experiments and verification tests, the silicon content would be dramatically decreased from 81.51 mg/L to 21.88 mg/L when pH = 6, reaction time = 20 min, current density = 27 mA/cm2 and wastewater temperature = 35 °C. In addition, the silicon removal rate would reach up to 85.90% when the pH of oilfield wastewater was kept as its original condition without changing other optimal factors; such an enhanced silicon removal effect could be attributed to the calcium ions chemical coagulation after the mechanism investigation.
Analysis of the Influence of Water Level Change on the Seepage Field and Stability of a Slope Based on a Numerical Simulation Method
Authors: Sun Yongshuai , Li Zhihui , Yang Ke , Wang Guihe , Hu Ruilin
Published: January 2023

River floods, dammed lake flood discharge, reservoir discharge, seawater recession, etc. all cause the water level in front of a slope to drop, which changes the original steady-state seepage field in the soil, leading to harmful slope instability. To study this phenomenon, a numerical model was established through theoretical analysis combined with the coupling of the Seep/W and Slope/W modules of the GeoStudio finite element software, and the numerical model was verified by the model test results of indoor medium sand and silt. This paper focuses on the effects when the water level in front of a slope drops at different speeds, different drop ratios, different initial water levels, different filling materials, and matrix suction on the seepage field and slope stability. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the greater the speed at which the water level in front of a slope falls, the greater the downward seepage force formed by the seepage field of the slope to the slope body; (2) the change curve of the safety factor at a higher speed is steeper when the water level falls at different speeds, and the safety factor value when the water level in front of the slope is constant is smaller; (3) the safety factor of the slope decreases with an increase in the drop ratio; when the drop ratio is the same, the loss of stability is worse if the initial water level is lower; (4) when there is a drawdown of water levels in front of the slope, the non-cohesive medium sand slope is more prone to instability failure than the cohesive silt slope; and (5) when this modeling method is applied to matrix suction, the effect of matrix suction increases the safety factor of the slope.
PROBABILISTIC STIFFNESS PARAMETERS OF A REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM LYING ON A STOCHASTICALLY INHOMOGENEOUS FOUNDATION
Authors:   National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering, DEMINOV P.D.
Published: January 2023

The results of determining the probabilistic parameters of the strength characteristics of concrete in the control of cubic strength and tensile strength, as well as the probabilistic parameters of the distribution of the concrete deformation modulus are presented. The influence of stochastic inhomogeneity of concrete on the reduced moment of inertia of a reinforced concrete section has been evaluated, and the probabilistic parameters of the distribution of the initial bending stiffness of the beam have been obtained. The influence of the statistical nature of concrete strength on the height of the compressed zone of concrete and the elastic-plastic section modulus of the beam was evaluated, and the probabilistic parameters of the distribution of the moment of normal cracking were obtained. The probability of formation of normal cracks in the foundation beam is determined for the cases of control of the cubic strength of concrete and the tensile strength of concrete. The characteristics of the distribution of the length of zones with cracks in a foundation beam loaded with a number of concentrated random forces are obtained for the cases of controlling the cubic strength of concrete and the tensile strength of concrete, which opens up the possibility of solving the equation of beam bending on an elastic foundation with piecewise constant stiffness in a closed form.
INCREASING WORD COMPREHENSION BY USING CROSSWORD PUZZLE GAME AT THE EIGHT GRADES OF SMPN 273 JAKARTA
Authors: Rahayuningsih Retno , Wibowo Ary Iswanto , Tiana Delish Meta
Published: January 2023

Word comprehension is the essential learning for students to learn English well and correctly, because it is the way to improve the students’ English vocabulary mastery to can practice the students’ ability in understand the reading text English well and correctly. The problem the writer had outlined in this research deals largely with the study of reading. The subject of this research was twenty-eight students at the eighth grades of SMPN 273 Jakarta. The design of the research was classroom action research. It was conducted in two cycles; in cycle I was done with two meeting and cycle II was done with two meetings. In this research the students were given pre-test before treatment and post-test after treatment. The research aimed to find out whether the used crossword puzzle game technique could increase word comprehension the students in English mastery. The data collection technique in this research was observation, field note, test, and documentation. The purposes of given pre-test and post-test are to know how far the students’ word comprehend in English before and after being given treatment. The criteria of students’ who got score at least 70. The class could be said successful in achieving the material if 85% of the students in that class got score at least 70 and they had activation at class more than 50%. The average of pre-test score in cycle I was 65 or 10 students got pass score, and post-test 1 70.7 or 16 students got good score and the average post-test 2 in cycle II was 77.8 or 24 students got good score. This fact showed that teaching English by using crossword puzzle game technique can increase word comprehension in reading English
ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS IN ERNEST PRAKASA’S MOVIE “IMPERFECT”
Authors: Tarigan Karana Jaya , Sembiring Elita Modesta , Silalahi Veracy
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze the types of Illocutionary acts used by the characters in the movie Imperfect. This research applies qualitative descriptive method. The writer uses 65 speech acts samples from this movie and chooses them randomly to analyze the types of Illocutionary acts in this movie. It is found that there are five types of Illocutionary acts used in the movie Imperfect, namely: Representative, Directive, Commissive, Expressive, and Declarative. The total Illocutionary acts are about 157 utterances. Representative has 47 utterances, directive has 66 utterances, commissive has 4 utterances, expressive has 39 utterances, and declarative has 1 utterance.

 

Keywords: illocutionary acts, movie
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN QUIZIZZ APPLICATION, READING INTEREST, AND READING COMPREHENSION OF CLASS XI STUDENTS OF SMK BAKTI MANDIRI BEKASI
Authors: Hastari Hani , Safari Safari
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the correlation between Quizizz application, reading interest, and reading comprehension of class XI students of SMK Bakti Mandiri Bekasi. However, the use of Quizizz application is still in primary and secondary schools. Therefore, the study tries to use Quizizz to create a new learning situation and see how well that worked out in SMK while in SMK is limited and the use of Quizizz application in reading too little. This study was aimed at finding out whether or not a significant correlation between Quizizz application and their reading interest, the correlation between Quizizz application and their reading comprehension, and the correlation between students’ reading interest and their reading comprehension. The population of this study was 31 students of class XI Akuntansi A SMK Bakti Mandiri Bekasi. The design of the study was correlational in a quantitative approach. To collect data, the researcher used questionnaire and test. The data was analyzed with Pearson product-moment correlation. Based on the data analysis, it was found that: first, Sig. 0,332 that bigger than 0,05 means there is no correlation between Quizizz application and their reading interest, second,  Sig. 0,49 that bigger than 0,05 means there is a correlation between Quizizz application and their reading comprehension, third, Sig. 0,045 is bigger than 0,05 which means there is a correlation between students’ reading interest and their reading comprehension.
La faïence aux périodes nagadiennes à Adaïma. Les balbutiements d’une innovation technologique pour la parure ?
Authors: Minotti Mathilde
Published: January 2023

L’invention de la «faïence égyptienne » est un sujet récurrent des recherches sur les premières sociétés chalcolithiques. Elle intéresse les spécialistes des matières artificielles telles que le verre, et est considérée comme un ancêtre potentiel de cette technologie. Les premières attestations de la faïence sont toutes de petites perles géométriques retrouvées dans des contextes du 5e millénaire BC. L’étude présentée ici a pour objectif de mettre en évidence les caractéristiques macroscopiques de chaque procédé connu de la faïence : application, efflorescence et cémentation. Pour discuter de l’évolution ou de la pérennisation des techniques de la faïence durant la période nagadienne (4e millénaire), une étude de cas bien documentée est nécessaire. Nous nous intéressons aux parures découvertes dans les sépultures d’Adaïma qui sont datées avec précision. Les différences techniques observées dans ce contexte semblent associées aux morphotypes de perle et non à une évolution chronologique. L’étude confirme l’utilisation contemporaine des trois procédés de la faïence à la période nagadienne. Cette invention, qui n’a d’abord concerné que la parure, est devenue innovation lorsqu’elle fut adoptée par d’autres domaines de la culture matérielle.
La fouille des sépultures : du terrain à l’enregistrement systématique et l’exploitation digitale des données
Authors: Colleter Rozenn , Barreau Jean-Baptiste
Published: January 2023

Avec la révolution informatique et la démocratisation des ordinateurs, tablettes, smartphones, l’acquisition des données sur les terrains archéologiques a considérablement évolué. La digitalisation de l’information permet un enregistrement plus rapide, plus efficient et normé des data qui facilite le travail de synthèse demandé par la discipline. S’inscrivant dans cette continuité, des informaticiens et une anthropologue développent actuellement une application appelée «humanOS » pour optimiser l’enregistrement des ossements humains issus de sites archéologiques (sur le terrain et en laboratoire). L’objectif est d’aboutir à un outil simple d’acquisition et de gestion de données ostéologiques pour traiter des quantités importantes de restes humains squelettiques, les compter et les localiser. Une interface utilisateur graphique a d’abord été développée, permettant d’ajouter des éléments ostéologiques de manière dynamique et ergonomique. L’application est destinée à être gratuite, open source, nomade, intuitive et adaptée à tout support d’appareil. Mais, aussi performant soient ces outils, ils demeurent au service d’une problématique posée et ne sont que des dispositifs techniques permettant d’enrichir une réflexion scientifique.
Des éléphants, des hippopotames et des mouflons. Trois hypothèses de marqueurs animaux d’identités régionales pendant les périodes de Nagada I-II
Authors: Brémont Axelle
Published: January 2023

In the field of Predynastic studies, the question of cultural homogenization between Upper and Lower Egypt has attracted much more attention than the less visible case of cultural discrepancies amongst settlement centers within Upper Egypt. Since the pioneer work of Elizabeth Finkenstaedt, few studies have sought to highlight possible regional idiosyncrasies, and hardly any in the field of iconography, so much that the case has remained that of rather vague ‘ painting styles’. A thorough study of rock art depictions and their plotting on a GIS offers a unique opportunity to open this case again. Indeed, the clear-cut geographical separation between two very different and yet contemporary renderings of the ears in elephant depictions enables one to hypothesize a specialization of different Upper Egyptian settlement zones in roaming and exploiting different desert areas. While this could not be remarked by examining contemporary artifacts due to scarcity of comparable depictions of known provenance, evidence related to two other animal species, namely the hippopotamus and Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia) show the same clear-cut distinction both between urban centers and desert areas, as well as convincing correlations with the two types of elephants. While the former has not been found anywhere outside the Eastern Desert, the latter is almost entirely restricted to rock art attestations in the Theban and Western desert, with a few occurrences as far as the western oasis of Dakhla or Nubia. Material culture shows an equally exclusive distribution, Barbary sheep being found mostly in cemeteries inside the Qena bend area and hippos overwhelmingly in a 20-kilometer perimeter around Abydos. This paper will therefore argue for the existence of ‘ regional hallmarks’ in the Naqada I-II iconography produced in the regions around Abydos and Naqada-Nubt, with a possible very special status for Hierakonpolis.
Doukki Gel, une fenêtre sur l’architecture africaine ?
Authors: Bonnet Charles , Valbelle Dominique
Published: January 2023

The archaeological researches conducted at Kerma and Dukki Gel, in Northern Sudan, by the Swiss-Franco-Sudanese Mission allow us to evoke the cultures of the Nile valley and to restore the east-west roads including Punt on the Red Sea, Kassala, Kordofan or Darfur. The remains found 500 km north of those roads seems to correspond to an outpost of the first African kingdoms. Thanks to the discovery of an unknown architecture represented by numerous oval or circular buildings, it seems possible to associate the town of Panebes with the origins of the history of central Africa during the 3rd and 2nd Millennia BC.
La culture pharaonique au sein des africanités
Authors: Meeks Dimitri
Published: January 2023

Les liens de la civilisation pharaonique avec les cultures de l’Afrique nilotique et sub-saharienne sont en débat depuis longtemps au sein de l’égyptologie. Dès la fin du xixe siècle, ethnologues et anthropologues ont mené des enquêtes mettant en lumière, dans les sociétés traditionnelles, des faits culturels qui les reliaient à l’Égypte ancienne. Les archéologues, spécialement préhistoriens, leur ont emboîté le pas. Leurs résultats ont été alors repris et discutés même si cela n’a pas constitué un courant de recherche majeur dans l’égyptologie. La décolonisation a amené les Africains du continent et de la diaspora à interroger leur passé indépendamment de l’image dévalorisante que la colonisation occidentale voulait leur léguer. L’afrocentrisme s’est intéressé à l’Égypte pharaonique supposée être l’ancêtre ultime des cultures africaines. Mais il s’est appuyé sur deux fondamentaux considérés comme incontournables : les Égyptiens de l’Antiquité étaient des Noirs et parlaient la plus ancienne de toutes les langues africaines connues, une sorte de sanskrit de l’Afrique, à l’image de ce que celui-ci fut pour les langues indo-européennes. C’était déplacer le débat du terrain scientifique vers le terrain idéologique. L’article montre que ces deux principes sont contestables et que l’on peut étudier l’africanité de la civilisation pharaonique sur des bases plus solides. Ceci, comme le dit Souleymane Bachir Diagne cité en conclusion, parce que l’afrocentrisme est un mimétisme de la pensée eurocentrée. L’africanité de la civilisation pharaonique fait l’objet de recherches scientifiques fructueuses qui ne cessent de progresser et qu’aucune pensée «centrée » ne devrait entraver.
Donner corps à l’Inde médiévale. Les formes féminines dans la sculpture paramāra au XIe siècle
Authors: Levillain Johan
Published: January 2023

In this article, we propose a review of the historiography of a famous early medieval Indian sculpture, the Ambikā from Dhār, now housed in the British Museum in London. It has so far been studied mainly for its iconography and inscription, which dates it to the reign of Bhoja of the Paramāra dynasty. Our knowledge of it is completed with a detailed analysis of its style, which accounts for the originality of a dynastic Paramāra art in 11th-century Mālava. The sculpture also serves as a starting point for an encompassing study of the protean character of Paramāra period art, whose main argument is the representation of the female body. Our findings about the dynamics between styles and local idioms within the Paramāra kingdom enrich our understanding of the political and social mechanisms of the early medieval period. They show how an original regional identity is created in the service of the Paramāra state apparatus.
Le lotus déployé sur le mont Hiko
Authors: Grapard Allan G.
Published: January 2023

Mount Hiko, north of the southern Japanese island of Kyūshū, is one of the main sacred mountains of Japan, and one of the great places of practice of the yamabushi or shugenja, anchorites practising the “way for obtaining powers” (Shugendō). This mountain has only recently been studied in Japan and the book published by the author on this subject, of which the following essay is a summary, is the first work to appear on this topic in Western languages. After having briefly presented the geographical context and the origins of the place, the author endeavours to show how the spatial structure of the mountain and the ascetic practices that take place there were determined by the cult of the future Buddha Maitreya, but also by a particular ritual relating to the Tendai school, the ritual of the Lotus of the Law (Hokke-hō). The Tendai School, to which the yamabushi of Mount Hiko belong, is known for relying on the doctrine of the Lotus Sūtra, one of the scriptural authorities of the Great Vehicle (Mahāyāna). The ritual in question was inspired more precisely by a chapter which depicts the meeting of the Buddha Śākyamuni with another buddha named Prabhūtaratna. The author also shows how the political struggles, after placing for a time (1587–1601) a woman at the head of the religious complex of Mount Hiko, finally led, during the anti-Buddhist repression of the Meiji period (1868), to the probably irreversible decline of the place, despite a revival of Shugendō after the Japanese defeat of 1945.
Les interdits alimentaires et leur justification mythologique en Russie
Authors: Kabakova Galina
Published: January 2023

Food Prohibition and its Mythological Justifications in Russia.

using ethnographic sources ranging from the late nineteenth to the early twentyfirst century, the present paper offers a typology of forbidden food in the russian world. It takes into account the target of these prohibitions, the actors involved and the periods when the prohibitions occured. this system is compared with the one imposed upon believers by the bible ; the author pays special attention to the criteria of the edible, as well as to the arguments in favor or against specific products, taken from the folk bible or from other genres of folk literature. Food prohibition was often dictated by periods of fasting. In principle, it also followed the logics offered by the law of Moses, though some exceptions can be found. In this respect, pork consumption is quite revealing. While it was widely dictated by religion, the choice of products submitted (or not) to prohibition, also followed economic reasons. though numerous prohibition practices are not respected anymore, they can resurface, especially in ritual mortuary meals.
Le Livre de la bonne et saine nourriture, une synthèse idéologico-gastronomique
Authors: Gluschenko Irina
Published: January 2023

The "Book of Tasty and Healthy Food" as an Ideological and Gastronomical Synthesis.

Initially published in 1939, the Book of Tasty and Healthy Food was an important document of Soviet ideology, combining practical recommendations for households with elements of political education and propaganda. It was inspired by Stalin’s slogan of «socialist abundance » , proclaimed in 1935. the book emerged as a unique example of social and culinary utopia, representing Soviet life as it should be, instead of as it was, while remaining a practical guide for housewives and cooks. In the later period it lost its dominant position and practical significance but remained an important cultural fact of the Soviet past.
La Première Guerre mondiale vue à travers les archives de la famille Kopiloff
Authors: Pavlov Andrej P.
Published: January 2023

First World War through Kopiloff’s family archives.

First World War and 1917 Revolution in Russia had a tremendous impact on Russia’s history and still influence the mentality of Russian society. Academic studies are concentrated mostly on political or military dimensions of these events. Russian historians have just recently started to pay more attention to personal war experience and personal perceptions of the war and revolution . The article demonstrates how a family archive may become a good source of information for this kind of studies.
Pierre Pascal et la mentalité russe pendant la Première Guerre mondiale
Authors: Danilova Olga
Published: January 2023

Pierre Pascal : Russian mentality in the context of First World War events.

The paper analyzes Pierre Pascal’s Memoirs with a focus on World War I, the Russian Empire and military action. Pascal spent time in his Memoirs not only analyzing current events, but also pondering the intricacies of the Russian soul, attempting to understand a country he loved and the Russian people suffering during this war. His “ Russian Memoirs ” are a kind of literary monument to Russia, a country that was deeply convulsed by war and revolution ; they are an invaluable source for the intellectual history of that period.
Un destin laminé : Yakov Braun, socialiste-révolutionnaire et écrivain
Authors: Ackerman Galia
Published: January 2023

Yakov Braun : a squashed destiny.

This paper is an attempt to raise interest in a forgotten Russian­speaking Jewish Ukrainian writer, as talented as Isaak Babel or Gustav Meyrink, born in 1899 (or 1894 ) in Elisavetgrad. Socialist­revolutionary since his early youth, he was a prominent left­wing SR activist, constantly persecuted from 1921 till his execution in 1937. There are only three novels left of him and a number of literary essays. One of these novels, A Mob Law, was published in his lifetime, two others ­ found in the State Literary and Art archives ­ are typewritten manuscripts : together, they represent a vertiginous immersion into the Jewish provincial life under the Tsarist Empire and into the agitation and turmoil during the First World War, between the February and October Revolutions and during the Civil War. Yakov Braun’s life is emblematic of the Bolshevik treatment of the non­Marxist revolutionaries which aimed at erasing any trace of a writer who was close to Maïakovski, Essenine and Zamiatine, to name a few …
Prise en compte des technologies occidentales dans le développement économique de la Russie soviétique des années 1920
Authors: Sheveleva Irina
Published: January 2023

This article examines the practice of foreign companies in the Soviet Union in the 1920 ’ s . These relations developed while the newly born Soviet Republic was ruined by the Civil War , by foreign interventions amid an economic blockade . The Soviets desperately needed Western technology provided by foreign companies . The Soviet authorities seemed to show a double standard towards foreign enterprises . On the one hand , they welcomed the foreign investors by adapting Russian civil laws and took measures to ensure Western capital security . On the other hand , the same authorities gradually increased hostility towards foreign investors . It seems likely that this duality gave birth to contradictions that , in the late twenties , ultimately resulted in the departure of foreign companies.
La décomposition de l’armée russe entre mars et octobre 1917
Authors: Jobert Véronique
Published: January 2023

After the Petrograd Soviet issued its famous Order N ° 1 on March 1 st , 1917 , the situation in the Russian army spiraled out of control . A Russian officer , Iossif Ilyine , kept a meticulous diary on a daily basis , as he witnessed countless scenes of indiscipline and mayhem on his frequent travels throughout the Russian Empire . During this chaotic period there were frequent mutinies , demonstrations and many strikes . The anarchy in the capital , the disorganization of everyday life inexorably led to the paralysis of the Government , and subsequently to the protests ’ radicalization . This ultimately culminated with the Bolshevik revolution in October 1917 , but the unravelling truly started in February 1917.
L’avant-garde musicale russe (1914­1921) : vers une révolution politique ?
Authors: Martin-Chevalier Louisa
Published: January 2023

Organized in the context of centennial celebrations of the 1917 Revolutions , the titled “ About 1917 : Russia , from Wars to Revolutions ” endeavored to into question the specificity of the 1914­1921 period . The artistic and musical has been shaken up by the historical events of 1917 . To what extent can we about a musical revolution ? How about the Russian musical avant­garde ? The Russian musical avant­garde of the 1910 ’ s and 1920 ’ s gathers various movements whose goals and esthetical principles subtly differed from one . Thus , it would be misleading to talk about a single “ Russian school ”. Avraamov ’ s constructivism is next to Georgi Rimski­Korsakov ’ s microtonal ; Ivan Vyshnegradski is close to Nikolaj Roslavets ’ s , Arthur Lourié ’ s and Golyshev ’ s atonal opuses , or the Theremin . Some of those musicians left after the Revolutions and went on working on their musical innovations in other countries (Vyshnegradski , Obukhov and Lourié in France ; Lourié and in the United States ). Some other remained in Russia (Roslavets , ) and ended up playing key roles in the musical life of the country . The event of that generation of composers lays in the quest of a filiation with aesthetics of Scriabin , who died suddenly in 1915 and who appears as a real as well as philosophical model . Numerous composers will claim his by seeking an echo of the resonances issued by the Scriabin ’ s harmonical in his last opuses . Through the study of three composers – Lourié , and Roslavets –, we will look into the various and many forms of the musical avant­garde , as well as the way it was intertwined with the political of 1917 .
Les révolutions de 1917 vues dans les manuels d’histoire, de l’époque soviétique à aujourd’hui
Authors: Konkka Olga
Published: January 2023

n Soviet history textbooks 1917 appeared as a crucial year , as the October Revolution separated “ prehistory ” of the old capitalist world from “ real history ” of the new world . The upheavals of Perestroika didn ’ t affect these narratives . On the contrary , the authors of a textbook published in 1989 insist more than ever on the traditional presentation of the early Soviet history and reply to the attacks of what they call “ reactionary bourgeois historiography ”. In the decade that followed the USSR collapse , the number of pages dedicated to 1917 events , especially to the October Revolution , decreased . Texts of this period pay special attention to the alternative history , while the presentation of the “ Bolshevik coup ” and its aftermath is rather negative . In the later post­soviet textbooks (mainly after 2005 ) the significance of the October Revolution is reaffirmed again , while Lenin's party appears as the only force able to restore law and order . However , these changes are to be explained by willingness to acknowledge the continuity between different periods of the Russian history rather than by intent to return to the Soviet vision of 1917 .
Arkhanka, mon berceau !
Authors: Reformatskaâ Mariâ Aleksandrovna
Published: January 2023

The author is using documents from a personal archive and tells a story based on anecdotes as well as edited memoirs of her mother Nadezhda Reformatskaya . She had the fortune to spend her youth in one of the last small Russian country homes. Lively accounts ofprovincial country life at the beginning ofthe twentieth century give way to dramatic scenes of the conscription to send troops to the frontline of the First World War. The title of the article paraphrases the lines from a poem by A. N. Nekrasov “ On the Volga” (1860).
Lidia Zinovieva­Annibal, être femme et écrivain à l’époque de l’Âge d’argent en Russie
Authors: Defarges Françoise
Published: January 2023

During “ the Silver Age ” of Russian Literature , Lidia Zinovieva­Annibal succeeded in asserting herself as both a writer and a woman . A notable achievement , given that during this period , well known for its extraordinary creativity , women ’ s writtings were considered second rate , and categorized as “ woman ’ s literature ”. As a driving force of literary modernism , symbolist writers (predominantly male ) made it even more difficult with a pervasive discourse on the Feminine , which they placed at the center of artistic creation as a mystical material and not as a creative subject . Zinovieva­Annibal found her own strategies to be acknowledged as a writer . Unlike her contemporary well­known author Zinaïda Gippius , who adopted masculine masks , Zinovieva­Annibal embraced an original mixture of allegiance and subversion . She played the role of muse to her husband , a prominent leader of the symbolist movement , while at the same time publishing daring works that parodied Symbolist ideology , or explored new topics , creating original writings and narrative structures.
Le corps humain dans le corpus étiologique russe
Authors: Kabakova Galina
Published: January 2023

We propose to study the representation of the creation of the first humans and their physical peculiarities in Russian oral literature . This representation came partly from apocryphal texts , mostly translated from Greek , which had been in use in Russia since the twelfth century , and partly from folklore . This dualism underpinning the representation of the creation of man is peculiar to the etiology of the Eastern Slavs ; man in these texts is at the same time divine creation and diabolical creature . The popularity of this mode of representation can be explained by its etiological character , in other words by the explanation that it provides as to the origin of the impurities in the human body , and diseases . Dualism is also discussed in relation to sexual differentiation . The appearance of secondary sexual characteristics is placed in the context of the fall . Etiological tales also explain the origin of human sexual behavior and the specificities of human development during childhood .
La réapparition des disparus : histoire d’un monument de Sverdlovsk-Ekaterinbourg (1987­2019)
Authors: Nérard François-Xavier
Published: January 2023

Le 6 novembre 198 , les autorités politiques de Sverdlovsk inaugurent un monument dédié aux « Communards , héros de la révolution et de la guerre civile ». Cette année­là, l’URSS célèbre les 70 ans de la Révolution d’Octobre, en pleine perestroïka gorbatchévienne. Le projet de ce qui n’aurait pu être qu’un monument parmi tant d’autres interroge des concepts et des moments­clés de l’histoire soviétique. Il fait ressurgir les fantômes du stalinisme : les noms de ceux qu'il entreprend d’honorer, combattants pour la révolution bolchevique, s’avèrent aussi ceux de victimes des répressions des années 1930 . Le projet rentre ainsi en écho avec la soif de vérité de cette société qui cherche à combler les taches blanches de son histoire. Il interroge aussi la notion de patrimoine dans cette URSS finissante. Le monumentalisme soviétique a­t­il sa place auprès d ’ un cimetière historique de la ville ? Ne détruit­il pas le patrimoine en créant un nouveau lieu de mémoire ? Cet article s’interroge enfin , sur le temps long, sur l’échec de ce monument, longtemps oublié et tombé en ruine qui suscite néanmoins depuis peu l ’ intérêt des autorités russes.
Entre instrumentalisation du passé et résurgence des schémas de représentation coloniale : les photographies du Turkestan russe sur les réseaux sociaux
Authors: Goršenina Svetlana
Published: January 2023

L’article analyse le processus de création de cartes mentales du passé à partir d’exemples fournis par plusieurs groupes Facebook dédiés aux photographies anciennes du Turkestan russe. La reconstruction de l’image visuelle de Tachkent, capitale du gouvernement général du Turkestan , repose sur un échantillon spécifique de documents visuels fortement liés à la propagande tsariste et sur l’expérience soviétique du passé. Le but de l’article est de comprendre les mécanismes d’instrumentalisation des photographies de l’époque du Turkestan tsariste dans le contexte de l'indépendance de l’Ouzbékistan , en particulier la renaissance des systèmes de représentation orientalisante spécifiques établis dans le contexte colonial.
1964­2019 : la grande mue de l’oligarchie soviétique
Authors: Comte Philippe
Published: January 2023

L'objet de cet article est de montrer que la Russie est depuis un siècle gérée par une petite oligarchie, qui a su se faire obéir par une importante bureaucratie. C’est une étacratie, gérée par la plus vieille classe dirigeante du monde, celle­là même qui a administré autrefois l'Empire assyrien, l’Egypte antique, les grands empires modernes. La bureaucratie soviétique se consolida dès les années 1920 et imposa bientôt une exploitation impitoyable du travail de millions de citoyens soviétiques, allant, entre 1930 et 1958, jusqu’à réduire en esclavage une partie de sa population – plusieurs millions – dans les camps de travail. Le régime soviétique est bien, dès l’origine et presque jusqu’à sa mort, un régime oligarchique , dirigé par une toute petite minorité , voire un étroit groupe d’hommes qui prend les décisions importantes. Le système atteint son acmé dans les années 1970 et peut alors s’enorgueillir d'incontestables réussites dans de nombreux domaines. Mais c’est aussitôt pour comprendre peu à peu qu’il a fait son temps et que le moment est venu de passer à une autre méthode de gestion de la société , qui fasse leur place à l’initiative individuelle, à l’autogestion locale, aux libertés et droits de l’homme, à l’instar des principales puissances occidentales qui ont pris de l’avance en la matière . L’oligarchie soviétique entame alors, vers 1980, sa grande mue. Il suffira à Gorbatchev de supprimer la peur pour que l’oligarchie redécouvre un acteur qu ’ elle avait oublié : le peuple. Mais quarante ans plus tard, c’est toujours une oligarchie qui gère l’immense pays , devenu sous sa férule chafouine, gloutonne et répressive, l’une des sociétés les plus inégalitaires du monde développé.
La découverte du «  réalisme fantastique  » par Dostoïevski
Authors: Frank Robert
Published: January 2023

Cet article a pour objectif de jeter un nouveau regard sur deux œuvres secondaires de Dostoïevski , Songes pétersbourgeois en vers et en prose et Humiliés et offensés. Ensemble, elles jettent un nouvel éclairage sur l’évolution de Dostoïevski pendant cette mystérieuse période de transition entre la fin de sa captivité en Sibérie et l’écriture des Carnets du sous­sol . Dans les Songes pétersbourgeois, sa vision littéraire est fondée sur une appréhension intuitive de la réalité qui comprend ce qui est extraordinaire et psychiquement inhabituel (« fantastique ») comme un signe des forces sociales qui opèrent sous la surface de la vie de tous les jours ; tandis que dans Humiliés et offensés , le personnage de Valkovski représente la première tentative de Dostoïevski de rendre sensibles les potentialités effrayantes – telles qu’elles lui apparaissaient – de l’idéologie radicale du début des années 1860. C’est ainsi que Dostoïevski a trouvé dans cette « réalité » le nouveau point de départ générant le « fantastique » qu’il avait revendiqué dans les Songes pétersbourgeois

comme étant le trait caractéristique de sa vision artistique.

ABSTRACT
Une lecture de Trotsky par Rachel, poétesse juive
Authors: Grasset Bernard
Published: January 2023

Rachel Blaustein (1890­1931), known by her pen name of Rachel, was born in Russia. Though in 1909 she has decided to live in Palestine, where she will learn Hebrew and write in that language , she remains nevertheless nurtured by Russian language and culture . She translates Russian poets , quotes them and writes a literary article about Trotsky's Literature and Revolution (1923). Some points about the concept of culture which are expressed there , in particular its rootedness in man, the people, connect with the ideals shared by the members of the kibbutz where she lives . However , her poetry remains foreign to Trotsky’s materialism , his preference for the city , his wish to subject nature and his rejection of the Bible.
The Cossacks (1928) de George W. Hill et Clarence Brown : de la conquête de l’Ouest à la conquête du Caucase
Authors: Afellous Amine
Published: January 2023

This article concerns the 1928 film "The Cossacks" directed by George W . Hill and Frances Marion. This adaptation of Tolstoy’s novel about the Terek Cossacks has the peculiarity of adapting the codes of the epic western of the 1920s to the image of the Cossack , perceived as an oriental barbarian by the American public of the time. Through our analysis, we will see how this film transposes the universe of the epic western to the subject of the Cossacks . We will also see how the film transposes the confrontation between pioneers and Indians , civilization and barbarity, through the war between the Cossacks and Turks. Finally , we will see that the film is also influenced by the film of the Russian fashion carried by white immigration to the West after the Russian revolution. This is why the film is full of sometimes clumsy references to the Russian world and the time of the tsars . We will see that they distract the American viewer even if some references may seem obscure to him.