bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural stability and bonding nature of Li–Sn–carbon nanocomposites as Li-ion battery anodes: first principles approach
Authors: Bijoy T. K. , Karthikeyan J. , Murugan P.
Published: November 2014

The atomic structural stability and electronic properties of LinSn4–carbon nanotube (CNT) and LinSn4–graphene nanocomposites were studied by first principles calculations.
Synthesis and up/down conversion luminescence properties of Na0.5R0.5MoO4:Ln3+ (R3+ = La, Gd), (Ln3+ = Eu, Tb, Dy, Yb/Er) thin phosphor films grown by pulsed laser deposition technique
Authors: Krishnan Rajagopalan , Thirumalai Jagannathan
Published: November 2014

(Na0.5R0.5)MoO4:Ln3+ thin phosphor films can serve as an excellent material for electro/cathodo-luminescence and display applications.
Periodic indentation patterns fabricated on AlGaInP light emitting diodes and their effects on light extraction
Authors: Lin Xiaoyu , Liu Duo , Lin Guanjun , Zhang Qian , Gao Naikun , Zhao Dongfang , Jia Ran , Zuo Zhiyuan , Xu Xiangang
Published: November 2014

Periodic indentation patterns fabricated on AlGaInP light emitting diodes (LEDs) and the schematic diagram of the indentation process.
Site occupancy and photoluminescence properties of Eu3+-activated Ba2ZnB2O6 phosphor
Authors: Yi Huan , Li Fang , Wu Li , Wu Liwei , Wang Hongrun , Wang Biao , Zhang Yi , Kong Yongfa , Xu Jingjun
Published: November 2014

Doped Eu3+ prefers to occupy Zn (1) (4a) and Zn (2) (4a) sites simultaneously in Ba2ZnB2O6, which leads to a strong red emission.
Mass spectrometry imaging of secondary metabolites directly on fungal cultures
Authors: Sica V. P. , Raja H. A. , El-Elimat T. , Oberlies N. H.
Published: November 2014

Overcoming the challenges of analysing fungal cultures directly using desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI).
Defect driven ferromagnetism in SnO2: a combined study using density functional theory and positron annihilation spectroscopy
Authors: Sarkar A. , Sanyal D. , Nath Palash , Chakrabarti Mahuya , Pal S. , Chattopadhyay S. , Jana D. , Asokan K.
Published: November 2014

Room temperature ferromagnetic ordering has been observed in polycrystalline SnO2. Defect characterization by positron annihilation technique and ab initio calculation indicates that tin vacancies are mainly responsible for inducing magnetic moment in oxygen irradiate SnO2.
Miniolins A–C, novel isomeric furanones induced by epigenetic manipulation of Penicillium minioluteum
Authors: Tang Hao-Yu , Zhang Qiang , Gao Yu-Qi , Zhang An-Ling , Gao Jin-Ming
Published: November 2014

Cultivation of Penicillium minioluteum with a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor led to the isolation of a novel type of aspertetronin dimer, miniolins A–C, along with their precursor. The dimeric absolute configurations were assigned by chiral HPLC and ECD calculations.
Preferential growth of Au on CdSe quantum dots using Langmuir–Blodgett technique
Authors: Das Subhasis , Satpati Biswarup , Chauhan Himani , Deka Sasanka , Gopinath Chinnakonda S. , Bala Tanushree
Published: November 2014

Oleyl amine capped CdSe quantum dots are allowed to form monolayer on aqueous HAuCl4 subphase and Langmuir–Blodgett technique is used judicially to grow Au tips in a directed fashion on CdSe quantum dots.
Bioactive natural products derived from mangrove-associated microbes
Authors: Xu Jing
Published: November 2014

This review summarizes new findings concerning the sources and characteristics of various natural products that can be extracted from mangrove-associated microbes over the past three years (January 2011–December 2013).
Magnetic activated carbon prepared from rice straw-derived hydrochar for triclosan removal
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Zhu Xiangdong , Qian Feng , Zhang Shicheng , Chen Jianmin
Published: November 2014

Recently, considerable attention has been given to the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of waste rice straw for the production of bio-oil and hydrochar.
Self-assembled micelles based on branched poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) as particulate emulsifiers
Authors: Wei Wei , Wang Ting , Yi Chenglin , Liu Jingcheng , Liu Xiaoya
Published: November 2014

The self-assembled micelles of branched poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) (BPSMA) are prepared and exhibit much superior emulsifying performance over the corresponding linear copolymer micelles as particulate emulsifiers.
Poly(benzo[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene-alt-isoindigo): a low bandgap polymer showing a high open circuit voltage in polymer solar cells
Authors: Wan Meixiu , Zhu Hongbing , Liu Juan , Huo Lijun
Published: November 2014

A novel polymer of PBDP-IID was synthesized and its HOMO descends to −5.44 eV. Bulk heterojunction solar cells made from PBDP-IID exhibited a high Voc of 0.95 V, which shows the highest value among the PSCs based on the narrow bandgap polymer donors with Eg < 1.6 eV.
Temperature dependence of thermal conductivity in hybrid nanodispersions
Authors: Behrang Arash , Grmela Miroslav , Dubois Charles , Turenne Sylvain , Lafleur Pierre G.
Published: November 2014

Modified Maxwell homogenization (also called modified effective medium approximation) is used to investigate temperature dependence of hybrid nanodispersions with particles of various shapes and sizes.
Engineering one-dimensional and two-dimensional birnessite manganese dioxides on nickel foam-supported cobalt–aluminum layered double hydroxides for advanced binder-free supercapacitors
Authors: Hao Xiaodong , Zhang Yuxin , Diao Zengpeng , Chen Houwen , Zhang Aiping , Wang Zhongchang
Published: November 2014

We report a facile decoration of the hierarchical nickel foam-supported CoAl layered double hydroxides (CoAl LDHs) with MnO2nanowires and nanosheets by a chemical bath method and a hydrothermal approach for high-performance supercapacitors.
Symmetry-dependent band gap opening in graphene induced by g-C3N4 substrates
Authors: Ren Ji-Chang , Zhang Rui-Qin , Ding Zejun , Van Hove Michel A.
Published: November 2014

Due to the nonequivalent sub-lattices and interface hybridization, a size and symmetry-dependent band gap can be opened in graphene induced by g-C3N4 substrates.
Suppressing Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion via non-fouling polymer brushes
Authors: Rodriguez-Emmenegger Cesar , Decker Antje , Surman František , Preuss Corinna M. , Sedláková Zdeňka , Zydziak Nicolas , Barner-Kowollik Christopher , Schwartz Thomas , Barner Leonie
Published: November 2014

In the current study, well-defined polymer brushes are shown as an effective surface modification to resist biofilm formation from opportunistic pathogens.
Chitosan coated copper-oxide nano particles: a novel electro-catalyst for CO2reduction
Authors: Basumallick Srijita , Santra Swadeshmukul
Published: November 2014

We report here a simple one-pot method for the synthesis of copper-oxide based novel film forming electro catalysts for CO2reduction.
Performance and potential problems of high power density zinc–nickel single flow batteries
Authors: Cheng Yuanhui , Xi Xiaoli , Li Dan , Li Xianfeng , Lai Qinzhi , Zhang Huamin
Published: November 2014

Through the investigation of battery performance and potential problems, we point out the remaining issues and struggling directions of ZNBs.
Complete recovery of Eu from BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+ by alkaline fusion and its mechanism
Authors: Zhang Shengen , Liu Hu , Pan De'an , Tian Jianjun , Liu Yifan , Volinsky Alex A.
Published: November 2014

An environmentally friendly and efficient process for recycling waste phosphors has been developed.
Multifunctional LaPO4:Ce/Tb@Au mesoporous microspheres: synthesis, luminescence and controllable light triggered drug release
Authors: Lv Ruichan , Yang Guixin , Gai Shili , Dai Yunlu , He Fei , Yang Piaoping
Published: November 2014

Uniform LaPO4:Ce/Tb mesoporous microspheres were prepared by a facile co-precipitation process. Under UV irradiation, a rapid DOX release was derived from the overlap of the green emission of Tb3+ and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band of Au.
Highly regio- and diastereoselective construction of spirocyclopenteneoxindole phosphonates through a phosphine-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation reaction
Authors: Yu Chengbin , Zheng Weiping , Zhan Junchen , Sun Yuchao , Miao Zhiwei
Published: November 2014

A phosphine-catalyzed [3 + 2] annulation of MBH phosphonates with isatylidene malononitriles is developed, which represents a novel approach to highly regioselective and diastereoselective synthesis of spirocyclopenteneoxindole phosphonates.
Brønsted acid-catalyzed hydroarylation of activated olefins
Authors: Fleischer Ivana , Pospech Jola
Published: November 2014

A mild, regiospecific Brønsted acid-catalyzed hydroarylation of activated olefins, capable of the formation of quinone methide-like intermediates, has been investigated.
Thiazole orange-conjugated peptide nucleic acid for fluorescent detection of specific DNA sequences and site-selective photodamage
Authors: Tanaka Makiko , Shigi Narumi , Sumaoka Jun , Komiyama Makoto
Published: November 2014

Conjugates of thiazole orange (TO) with a pseudo-complementary peptide nucleic acid (pcPNA) functioned as (i) fluorescent detector of specific DNA and (ii) site-selective photodamage inducer through generation of 1O2.
Surface core–shell magnetic polymer modified graphene oxide-based material for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol removal
Authors: Chen Mei-Lan , Min Jian-Qing , Pan Sheng-Dong , Jin Mi-Cong
Published: November 2014

A novel well-designed graphene oxide-based magnetic polymer (GO-Fe3O4@P) has been successfully synthesizedviadistillation–precipitation polymerization, ring-opening and amidation reactions and showed good adsorption capacity to 2,4,6-TCP.
Binding of an anionic fluorescent probe with calf thymus DNA and effect of salt on the probe–DNA binding: a spectroscopic and molecular docking investigation
Authors: Ghosh Saptarshi , Kundu Pronab , Paul Bijan Kumar , Chattopadhyay Nitin
Published: November 2014

Binding mode of biologically relevant anionic probe, ANS, with ctDNA is divulged from spectroscopic and molecular docking studies.
Laccases as palladium oxidases
Authors: Mekmouche Yasmina , Schneider Ludovic , Rousselot-Pailley Pierre , Faure Bruno , Simaan A. Jalila , Bochot Constance , Réglier Marius , Tron Thierry
Published: November 2014

Combining a palladium-based complex with a laccase allows the oxidation of an alcohol substrate at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.
A novel copper-chelating strategy for fluorescent proteins to image dynamic copper fluctuations on live cell surfaces
Authors: Choi Yoon-Aa , Keem Joo Oak , Kim Cha Yeon , Yoon Hye Ryeon , Heo Won Do , Chung Bong Hyun , Jung Yongwon
Published: November 2014

A strong but selective copper-binding tripeptide was employed to develop a highly sensitive and selective copper(ii) protein reporter.
A self optimizing synthetic organic reactor system using real-time in-line NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Sans Victor , Porwol Luzian , Dragone Vincenza , Cronin Leroy
Published: November 2014

A ‘dial-a-molecule’ platform for algorithm driven organic synthesis using real-time feedback, via in-line flow NMR spectroscopy, is demonstrated.
Fluctuation spectra in polymer nematics and Frank elastic constants: a coarse-grained modelling study
Authors: Gemünden Patrick , Daoulas Kostas Ch.
Published: November 2014

Density and director fluctuations in polymer nematics are studied with computer simulations, obtaining Frank constants for different chain lengths.
Solvent-mediated gel formation, hierarchical structures, and rheological properties of organogels
Authors: Su Ming-Ming , Yang Hai-Kuan , Ren Li-Jun , Zheng Ping , Wang Wei
Published: November 2014

We report that the gel formation, supramolecular structures and performance of organogels in the cholesterol–POM–cholesterol hybrid gelator within the toluene/DMF mixed solvents can be solvent-mediated.
Polyethyleneimine–nano silica composites: a low-cost and promising adsorbent for CO2 capture
Authors: Li Kaimin , Jiang Jianguo , Tian Sicong , Yan Feng , Chen Xuejing
Published: November 2014

Adsorbents for CO2 captured with nano silica as support were synthesized by impregnating polyethyleneimine (PEI) into nano silica.
Nanostructured ZnO/sepiolite monolithic sorbents for H2S removal
Authors: Portela Raquel , Rubio-Marcos Fernando , Leret Pilar , Fernández José F. , Bañares Miguel A. , Ávila Pedro
Published: November 2014

ZnO chemisorbs H2S as ZnS in inert atmospheres and catalyzes H2S to SO2 oxidation in the presence of O2. ZnO nanoparticle dispersion is preserved after extrusion of ZnO/sepiolite composites and favors H2S removal.
Oleylamine-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of ultrasmall NbOx nanoparticles and their in situ conversion to NbOx@C with highly reversible lithium storage
Authors: Cai Yong , Li Xiu , Wang Lei , Gao Haiyan , Zhao Yongnan , Ma Jianmin
Published: November 2014

NbOx@C nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized through the oleylamine-mediated hydrolysis of niobium(v) chloride and, when tested as anode materials, could deliver about 298 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles at 100 mA g−1.
Facile preparation of stable aqueous titania sols for fabrication of highly active TiO2 photocatalyst films
Authors: Okunaka Sayuri , Tokudome Hiromasa , Hitomi Yutaka , Abe Ryu
Published: November 2014

A stable aqueous titania sol was successfully prepared, which can be used for preparation of highly active TiO2 photocatalyst films.
Novel morpholinium-functionalized anion-exchange PBI–polymer blends
Authors: Morandi Carlo Gottardo , Peach Retha , Krieg Henning M. , Kerres Jochen
Published: November 2014

Ionic cross-linking between the SAC component and (a) F6PBI by imidazole group protonation or (b) N-methylmorpholine after quaternization.
Selective adsorption–deposition of gold nanoparticles onto monodispersed hydrothermal carbon spherules: a reduction–deposition coupled mechanism
Authors: Wang Fuchun , Zhao Junmei , Zhu Menghao , Yu Juezhi , Hu Yong-Sheng , Liu Huizhou
Published: November 2014

Adsorption of AuCl4−by HCSs is based on a reduction–deposition coupled mechanism and glycine can improve adsorption efficiency and rate.
Facile functionalization of a tetrahedron-like PEG macromonomer-based fluorescent hydrogel with high strength and its heavy metal ion detection
Authors: Jia Haiyan , Li Zhao , Wang Xinling , Zheng Zhen
Published: November 2014

A tetrahedron-like PEG macromonomer-based fluorescent hydrogel was fabricated by a facile method.
A study of the effect of the addition of nanostructured carbonaceous catalysts in the dehydrogenation mechanism of magnesium borohydride
Authors: Paduani C.
Published: November 2014

The combined addition of carbonaceous catalysts with titanium decreases significantly the energy cost for H-removal from magnesium borohydride.
Cu2O nanorods modified by reduced graphene oxide for NH3 sensing at room temperature
Authors: Meng Hu , Yang Wei , Ding Kun , Feng Liang , Guan Yafeng
Published: November 2014

In this work, Cu2O nanorods modified by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were produced via a two-step synthesis method.
On the antitumor properties of biomedical magnesium metal
Authors: Chen Yangmei , Xiao Ming , Zhao Huan , Yang Bangcheng
Published: November 2014

Because the free radicals in tumor cells can be removed by H2, the growth rate of the tumor was reduced by biodegradable Mg metal via control of the H2 releasing rate by anodic oxidation plus heat treatment.
Facile synthesis of a class of aminochromene–aniliniumion conjugated far-red to near-infrared fluorescent dyes for bioimaging
Authors: Zheng Kaibo , Lin Weiying , Huang Weimin , Guan Xiaoyu , Cheng Dan , Wang Jian-Yong
Published: November 2014

An innovative class of aminochromene–aniliniumion conjugated far-red to near-infrared dyes, namely ACA, was developed.
Epitaxial lateral overgrowth of AlN on self-assembled patterned nanorods
Authors: Conroy Michele , Zubialevich Vitaly Z. , Li Haoning , Petkov Nikolay , Holmes Justin D. , Parbrook Peter J.
Published: November 2014

We report an inexpensive nanoscale patterning process for epitaxial lateral overgrowth (ELOG) in AlN layers grown by metal organic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) on sapphire.
Soluble polycyclosilane–polysiloxane hybrid material and silicon thin film with optical properties at 193 nm and etch selectivity
Authors: Park Sung Jin , Cho Hyeon Mo , Lee Myong Euy , Kim Miyoung , Han Kwenwoo , Hong Seunghee , Lim Sanghak , Lee Hansong , Hwang Byeonggyu , Kim Sang Kyun , Shim Sangdeok , Kang Philjae , Choi Moon-Gun
Published: November 2014

Silicon thin films that fulfil the needs of current semiconductor lithography were prepared from a new class of polycyclosilane–polysiloxane hybrid materials.
Tunable size and sensitization of ZnO nanoarrays as electron transport layers for enhancing photocurrent of photovoltaic devices
Authors: Fu Haiyan , Tan Licheng , Shi Yueqin , Chen Yiwang
Published: November 2014

Modified ZnO nanoarrays by CdS/Ag2S double-shells and solution processed fullerenes as electron transport layer realized a PCE of 7.7%.
Polycyclic anthanthrene small molecules: semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors and solar cells applications
Authors: Giguère Jean-Benoît , Sariciftci Niyazi Serdar , Morin Jean-François
Published: November 2014

Novel anthanthrene derivatives have been tested as p-type materials in bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells and organic field-effect transistors.
Design of a thermally stable rGO-embedded remote phosphor for applications in white LEDs
Authors: Song Young-Hyun , Han Gill Sang , Mang Sung Ryul , Jung Mong Kwon , Jung Hyun Suk , Yoon Dae-Ho
Published: November 2014

An rGO-embedded remote phosphor was fabricated for white LED application.
Quantifying the pharmaceutical industry's contribution to published 3Rs research 2002–2012
Authors: Cunningham Seth , Partridge Nicola , Platt Nicola , Roberts Ruth A.
Published: November 2014

An analysis of published literature between 2002 and 2012 demonstrates an increased contribution by the pharmaceutical industry to the 3Rs (reduction, refinement and replacement of animals in research) objective along with increasing collaborative efforts between industry and academic institutions.
Silver nanoparticles – wolves in sheep's clothing?
Authors: Foldbjerg Rasmus , Jiang Xiumei , Miclăuş Teodora , Chen Chunying , Autrup Herman , Beer Christiane
Published: November 2014

We review the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind silver nanoparticle toxicity and their intracellular fate. In addition, the role of silver ions in the toxicity of silver nanoparticles is discussed.
Modulation of the chelatable Zn pool in the brain by diethyldithiocarbamate is associated with behavioral impairment in adult zebrafish
Authors: Braga Marcos M. , Silva Emerson S. , Rico Eduardo P. , Pettenuzzo Leticia F. , Oliveira Diogo L. , Dias Renato D. , Rocha João B. T. , Calcagnotto Maria Elisa , Tanguay Robert L. , Souza Diogo O. , Rosemberg Denis B.
Published: November 2014

DEDTC leads to a buildup of DEDTC in the brain with consequent chelation of reactive Zn and behavioral impairment of zebrafish.
New approaches to advance the use of genetic toxicology analyses for human health risk assessment
Authors: Johnson George E. , Slob Wout , Doak Shareen H. , Fellows Mick D. , Gollapudi Bhaskar B. , Heflich Robert H. , Rees Ben J. , Soeteman-Hernández Lya G. , Verma Jatin R. , Wills John W. , Jenkins Gareth J. S. , White Paul A.
Published: November 2014

Genetic toxicology testing has a crucial role in the safety assessment of substances of societal value by reducing human exposure to potential somatic and germ cell mutagens.
Neuropsychological Assessment of Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA)
Authors: Bettcher Brianne M. , Sturm Virginia E.
Published: November 2014

The goal of this article is to outline the utility of both language and non-language testing in making a diagnosis of logopenic, nonfluent/agrammatic, and semantic variant primary progressive aphasias PPA as well as delineate important behavioral and speech features that can be detected via clinical observation. We review speech/language presentations, non-language cognitive domains, and behavioral manifestations associated with each disorder. Patients with logopenic variant PPA evidence non-language cognitive impairments that include acalculia, phonological working memory deficits, and mild/variable difficulties with memory and visuospatial functions. In contrast, patients with nonfluent/agrammatic variant PPA display non-language impairments in executive functions, and show relative preservation of memory and visuospatial functions. Finally, semantic variant patients display behavioral changes in social comportment as well as non-language difficulties with category fluency and arithmetic facts; they display relative preservation, if not enhancement, of visuospatial functions. In summary, broad neural networks that support both language and non-language functions are affected in PPA syndromes, thus a comprehensive assessment of additional neuropsychological domains may aid in solidifying and subtyping PPA diagnoses.
Direct torque control of matrix converter‐fed permanent magnet synchronous motor drives based on master and slave vectors
Authors: Yan Yan , Zhao Jiaxin , Xia Changliang , Shi Tingna
Published: November 2014

A novel direct torque control strategy is proposed for matrix converter (MC)‐based permanent magnet synchronous motor drive systems, which can achieve smooth control of torque and flux with fixed switching frequency. Analytical expression of torque and flux corresponding to different MC voltage vectors are derived. Evaluation functions for torque and flux are established. A master‐vector and a slave‐vector are selected from a switching table, whose duty cycles are calculated by the evaluation functions. Experiments with a prototype are carried out. The results show that the proposed method can achieve smooth torque and flux performance and fast dynamic response.
Voltage compensator based on a direct matrix converter without energy storage
Authors: Lozano‐Garcia Jose M. , Ramirez Juan M.
Published: November 2014

The objective of this study is to present a voltage compensator based on a matrix converter without energy storage, which can cope with common power quality problems presented in power distribution systems. The proposed scheme acquires from the grid the necessary energy during the disturbance, which eliminates the drawbacks imposed by the use of a dc‐link and the need of energy storage components. A matrix converter study under unbalanced input voltage conditions is exposed, as well as a detailed explanation of the proposed modified direct space vector modulation (MDSVM). It has been verified that even when the supply voltage exhibits unbalanced conditions and harmonic distortion, the control strategy does not exhibit difficulties to synthesise the compensation voltages, provided the restrictions imposed by the formulation are fulfilled. Numerical simulations and experimental results from a laboratory scale prototype are presented to validate the performance of the compensator.
Preparation of Prussian‐blue analogue/carbon nanotube sponge adsorbent for cesium
Authors: Li Jun , Shen Wuting , Kang Bin , Chang Shuquan , Dai Yaodong
Published: November 2014

A novel kind of multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) spongiform adsorbent, with nickel Prussian‐blue analogue (NiPB) inside its porous surface was prepared. The carbon nanotube sponge (C/MWNTs) was equipped with large holes and a porous structure, and MWNTs were uniformly distributed in the porous surfaces. The optimal carbonisation temperature of the C/MWNTs as a best substrate for growing NiPB was studied. NiPB particles were fastened on cell walls of the C/MWNTs for ion exchange of cesium in the ternary adsorbent material NiPB/C/MWNTs. The adsorption studies revealed that this novel adsorbent has a good ability to adsorb cesium ions in aqueous solution.
Mass concentration phenomenon for inhomogeneous fractional Hartree equations
Authors: Wu Dan
Published: November 2014

In this paper, we consider the inhomogeneous fractional Hartree equation in mass-critical case. First, we prove the existence of the ground states by studying the related constrained minimization problem. When the mass of initial data is larger than the mass of the ground states, we construct a sequence of blow-up solutions whose initial data converge to the ground states. Moreover, we show the mass concentration phenomenon of the blow-up solutions via applying the concentration-compactness principle.
Electrophoretic mobility of a spherical nanoparticle in a nanochannel
Authors: Liu Yu-Wei , Pennathur Sumita , Meinhart Carl D.
Published: November 2014

Numerical simulation is used to calculate accurately the electrophoretic mobility of a charged spherical nanoparticle confined in a nanochannel, under a weakly applied electric field. Classic models for electrophoretic mobility are valid only in the linear regime of small particle zeta potential, and for an unbounded fluid domain. However, these models fail to predict the electrophoretic mobility measured experimentally in bounded nanochannels. We adopt asymptotically expanded formulations and solve the fully coupled equations on a 3D finite element domain. Factors affecting particle mobility include electrolyte concentration, channel size, and zeta potentials on both the particle surface and channel walls. Specifically, spherical particles are examined with diameters 2a = 10 and 50 nm, in a 100 nm high channel. The non-dimensional electric double layers were varied between 0.1 < κa < 100. The results indicate that the mobility of a particle located at the nanochannel centerline agrees to within 1% of the average mobility of a particle distributed transversely throughout the nanochannel. Furthermore, confinement by the nanochannel walls was found to affect greatly nanoparticle mobility. As a result, it is feasible to use nanochannels to separate two different size nanoparticles, even when the particles have equal zeta potentials. Finally, a new method is proposed to estimate accurately particle and wall zeta potentials by contrasting the observed differences in mobility between observed in two different height channels.
Quantitative correction of the rate constant in the improved variational master equation for excitation energy transfer
Authors: Kimura Akihiro , Fujihashi Yuta
Published: November 2014

Understanding the excitation energy transfer (EET) mechanism is a ubiquitous field of study in photosynthetic antennas. Recently, we qualitatively improved the theory of the variational master equation by introducing the second Bogoliubov inequality to determine the proper perturbative term. However, there were quantitative differences in the EET rate compared with the results from exact numerical calculations. In this study, we attempt to correct the differences in the intermediate coupling region. As a result, we found two methods to reproduce more exact results than those previously reported.
On the reduction criterion for random quantum states
Authors: Jivulescu Maria Anastasia , Lupa Nicolae , Nechita Ion
Published: November 2014

In this paper, we study the reduction criterion for detecting entanglement of large dimensional bipartite quantum systems. We first obtain an explicit formula for the moments of a random quantum state to which the reduction criterion has been applied. We show that the empirical eigenvalue distribution of this random matrix converges strongly to a limit that we compute, in three different asymptotic regimes. We then employ tools from free probability theory to study the asymptotic positivity of the reduction operators. Finally, we compare the reduction criterion with other entanglement criteria, via thresholds.
Landau damping in a multi-component dusty plasma
Authors: Zhang Heng , Yang Yang , Zhang Jie , Hong Xue-Ren , Lin Mai-Mai , Yang Lei , Qi Xin , Duan Wen-Shan
Published: November 2014

Effect of the dust size distribution on the landau damping and the wave frequency is studied in the present paper. It is found that wave frequency increases as either the difference between the largest and the smallest dust size increases or the wave number increases. It seems that wave frequency is smaller for dusty plasma whose density of the smaller grains is larger than that of the larger ones, while it is larger in the opposite case. The effect of the dust size distribution can increase the Landau damping in the cases where the temperature of the dust grains is small enough or high enough.
Investigation of optimized end-bonding magnetoelectric heterostructure for sensitive magnetic field sensor
Authors: Lu Caijiang , Xu Changbao , Wang Lei , Gao Jipu , Gui Junguo , Lin Chenghui
Published: November 2014

This paper reports an optimized end-bonding magnetoelectric (ME) heterostructure FeCuNbSiB-PZT-FeCuNbSiB (FPF) for sensitive magnetic field sensor. The heterostructure is made by attaching magnetostrictive Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9 (FeCuNbSiB) foils at the free ends of piezoelectric Pb(Zr1-x,Tix)O3 (PZT) plates. Due to the structural advantages, the FPF has ∼3.12 times larger resonance voltage coefficient (αME,r) than traditional FeCuNbSiB/PZT laminate. And compared with the Metglas-PZT-Metglas heterostructure, the FPF heterostructure has stronger ME responses for the excellent magnetic characteristics of FeCuNbSiB. In experiments, the FPF heterostructure is optimal designed through adjusting the thickness of PZT plate (tp) and the length of FeCuNbSiB foil (L). The results demonstrate that the maximum αME,r of 662.1 (V/cm Oe) is observed at 13 Oe DC bias magnetic field when L = 15 mm and tp = 0.6 mm. Based on the giant ME coupling, the DC magnetic field sensitivity for the optimized FPF heterostructure is 3.89 nT at resonant frequency. These results are very promising for the cheap room-temperature magnetic field sensing technology.
Shot-noise-limited magnetometer with sub-picotesla sensitivity at room temperature
Authors: Lucivero Vito Giovanni , Anielski Pawel , Gawlik Wojciech , Mitchell Morgan W.
Published: November 2014

We report a photon shot-noise-limited (SNL) optical magnetometer based on amplitude modulated optical rotation using a room-temperature 85Rb vapor in a cell with anti-relaxation coating. The instrument achieves a room-temperature sensitivity of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\begin{document}$70\ {\rm fT}/\sqrt {\mathrm{Hz}}$\end{document}70 fT / Hz at 7.6 μT. Experimental scaling of noise with optical power, in agreement with theoretical predictions, confirms the SNL behaviour from 5 μT to 75 μT. The combination of best-in-class sensitivity and SNL operation makes the system a promising candidate for application of squeezed light to a state-of-the-art atomic sensor.
Broadband linear high-voltage amplifier for radio frequency ion traps
Authors: Kuhlicke Alexander , Palis Klaus , Benson Oliver
Published: November 2014

We developed a linear high-voltage amplifier for small capacitive loads consisting of a high-voltage power supply and a transistor amplifier. With this cost-effective circuit including only standard parts sinusoidal signals with a few volts can be amplified to 1.7 kVpp over a usable frequency range at large-signal response spanning four orders of magnitude from 20 Hz to 100 kHz under a load of 10 pF. For smaller output voltages the maximum frequency shifts up to megahertz. We test different capacitive loads to probe the influence on the performance. The presented amplifier is sustained short-circuit proof on the output side, which is a significant advantage over other amplifier concepts. The amplifier can be used to drive radio frequency ion traps for single charged nano- and microparticles, which will be presented in brief.
Calcium manganate: A promising candidate as buffer layer for hybrid halide perovskite photovoltaic-thermoelectric systems
Authors: Zhao Pengjun , Xu Jinbao , Wang Hongguang , Wang Lei , Kong Wenwen , Ren Wei , Bian Liang , Chang Aimin
Published: November 2014

We have systematically studied the feasibility of CaMnO3 thin film, an n-type perovskite, to be utilized as the buffer layer for hybrid halide perovskite photovoltaic-thermoelectric device. Locations of the conduction band and the valence band, spontaneous polarization performance, and optical properties were investigated. Results indicate the energy band of CaMnO3 can match up well with that of CH3NH3PbI3 on separating electron-hole pairs. In addition, the consistent polarization angle helps enlarge the open circuit voltage of the composite system. Besides, CaMnO3 film shows large absorption coefficient and low extinction coefficient under visible irradiation, demonstrating high carrier concentration, which is beneficial to the current density. More importantly, benign thermoelectric properties enable CaMnO3 film to assimilate phonon vibration from CH3NH3PbI3. All the above features lead to a bright future of CaMnO3 film, which can be a promising candidate as a buffer layer for hybrid halide perovskite photovoltaic-thermoelectric systems.
Collision cross section calculations for polyatomic ions considering rotating diatomic/linear gas molecules
Authors: Larriba-Andaluz Carlos , Hogan Christopher J.
Published: November 2014

Structural characterization of ions in the gas phase is facilitated by measurement of ion collision cross sections (CCS) using techniques such as ion mobility spectrometry. Further information is gained from CCS measurement when comparison is made between measurements and accurately predicted CCSs for model ion structures and the gas in which measurements are made. While diatomic gases, namely molecular nitrogen and air, are being used in CCS measurement with increasingly prevalency, the majority of studies in which measurements are compared to predictions use models in which gas molecules are spherical or non-rotating, which is not necessarily appropriate for diatomic gases. Here, we adapt a momentum transfer based CCS calculation approach to consider rotating, diatomic gas molecule collisions with polyatomic ions, and compare CCS predictions with a diatomic gas molecule to those made with a spherical gas molecular for model spherical ions, tetra-alkylammonium ions, and multiply charged polyethylene glycol ions. CCS calculations are performed using both specular-elastic and diffuse-inelastic collisions rules, which mimic negligible internal energy exchange and complete thermal accommodation, respectively, between gas molecule and ion. The influence of the long range ion-induced dipole potential on calculations is also examined with both gas molecule models. In large part we find that CCSs calculated with specular-elastic collision rules decrease, while they increase with diffuse-inelastic collision rules when using diatomic gas molecules. Results clearly show the structural model of both the ion and gas molecule, the potential energy field between ion and gas molecule, and finally the modeled degree of kinetic energy exchange between ion and gas molecule internal energy are coupled to one another in CCS calculations, and must be considered carefully to obtain results which agree with measurements.
Positron impact excitations of hydrogen atom embedded in dense quantum plasmas: Formation of Rydberg atoms
Authors: Rej Pramit , Ghoshal Arijit
Published: November 2014

Formation of Rydberg atoms due to 1 s → nlm excitations of hydrogen by positron impact, for arbitrary n, l, m, in dense quantum plasma has been investigated using a distorted wave theory which includes screened dipole polarization potential. The interactions among the charged particles in the plasma have been represented by exponential cosine-screened Coulomb potentials. Making use of a simple variationally determined hydrogen wave function, it has been possible to obtain the distorted wave scattering amplitude in a closed analytical form. A detailed study has been made to explore the structure of differential and total cross sections in the energy range 20–300 eV of incident positron. For the unscreened case, our results agree nicely with some of the most accurate results available in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, such a study on the differential and total cross sections for 1 s → nlm inelastic positron-hydrogen collisions in dense quantum plasma is the first reported in the literature.
Power regulation and electromigration in platinum microwires
Authors: Elíasson Ottó , Vasile Gabriel , Ægir Jónsson Sigurður , Gudjonsson G. I. , Arikan Mustafa , Ingvarsson Snorri
Published: November 2014

We introduce a new experimental setup with a biasing circuit and computer control for electrical power regulation under reversing polarity in Pt microwires with dimensions of 1×10 μm2. The circuit is computer controlled via a data acquisition board. It amplifies a control signal from the computer and drives current of alternating polarity through the sample in question. Time-to-failure investigations under DC and AC current stress are performed. We confirm that AC current stress can improve the life time of microwires at least by a factor of 103 compared to the corresponding time-to-failure under DC current stress.
Microscopic origin of the 1.3 G conductance observed in oxygen-doped silver quantum point contacts
Authors: Tu Xingchen , Wang Minglang , Sanvito Stefano , Hou Shimin
Published: November 2014

Besides the peak at one conductance quantum, G0, two additional features at ∼0.4 G0 and ∼1.3 G0 have been observed in the conductance histograms of silver quantum point contacts at room temperature in ambient conditions. In order to understand such feature, here we investigate the electronic transport and mechanical properties of clean and oxygen-doped silver atomic contacts by employing the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism combined with density functional theory. Our calculations show that, unlike clean Ag single-atom contacts showing a conductance of 1 G0, the low-bias conductance of oxygen-doped Ag atomic contacts depends on the number of oxygen impurities and their binding configuration. When one oxygen atom binds to an Ag monatomic chain sandwiched between two Ag electrodes, the low-bias conductance of the junction always decreases. In contrast, when the number of oxygen impurities is two and the O-O axis is perpendicular to the Ag-Ag axis, the transmission coefficients at the Fermi level are, respectively, calculated to be 1.44 for the junction with Ag(111) electrodes and 1.24 for that with Ag(100) electrodes, both in good agreement with the measured value of ∼1.3 G0. The calculated rupture force (1.60 nN for the junction with Ag(111) electrodes) is also consistent with the experimental value (1.66 ± 0.09 nN), confirming that the measured ∼1.3 G0 conductance should originate from Ag single-atom contacts doped with two oxygen atoms in a perpendicular configuration.
Bacterial collective motion near the contact line of an evaporating sessile drop
Authors: Kasyap T. V. , Koch Donald L. , Wu Mingming
Published: November 2014

The near-contact-line dynamics of evaporating sessile drops containing live E. coli cells is studied experimentally. The evaporation of the drop together with its pinned contact-line drives a radially outward fluid flow inside the drop concentrating the suspended cells near the contact-line. Our experiments reveal a collective behavior of the concentrated bacterial population near the contact-line appearing in the form of spatially periodic “bacterial jets” along the circumference of the drop. Based on a physical analysis of the continuum equations of bacterial suspensions, we hypothesize that the patterns result from a concentration instability driven by the active stress of swimming bacteria.
Structural, elastic, and lattice dynamic stability of yttrium selenide (YSe) under pressure: A first principle study
Authors: Sahoo B. D. , Joshi K. D. , Gupta Satish C.
Published: November 2014

Structural, elastic, and lattice dynamical stability of YSe has been investigated as a function of pressure through first principles electronic band structure calculations. The comparison of enthalpies of rocksalt type (B1) and CsCl type cubic (B2) structures determined as a function of pressure suggests that the B1 phase will transform to B2 structure at ∼32 (30 GPa at 300 K obtained from comparison of Gibbs free energy at 300 K). The transition is identified to be of first order in nature with a volume discontinuity of ∼6.2% at the transition pressure. Furthermore, the theoretically determined equation of state has been utilized to derive various physical quantities, such as zero pressure equilibrium volume, bulk modulus, and pressure derivative of bulk modulus. The single crystal elastic constants have been predicted at various pressures for both the B1 and B2 structures using the energy strain method. The activation barrier between B1 and B2 phases calculated at transition point is ∼19.7mRy/formula unit. Our lattice dynamic calculations show that both the B1 as well as B2 structures are lattice dynamically stable not only at ambient pressure but also at transition pressure. The B1 phase becomes lattice dynamically unstable at ∼112 GPa, i.e., much beyond the transition pressure. The effect of temperature on volume and bulk modulus of the YSe in B1 phase has also been examined.
Effect of metal intermixing on the Schottky barriers of Mo(100)/GaAs(100) interfaces
Authors: Hepplestone S. P. , Sushko P. V.
Published: November 2014

The electronic and structural properties of Mo(100)/GaAs(100) interfaces and Mo diffusion into GaAs are explored using first principle calculations. Our results show that the interface undergoes substantial atomic rearrangement with respect to the bulk structures and the bilayer of the GaAs adjacent to the interface becomes conducting. We study the n-type Schottky barrier height's dependence on Mo interdiffusion in the GaAs, with values ranging from ∼0.9 eV to ∼1.39 eV. This range is caused by the diffusants acting as additional n–type doping at the surface and their interaction with the metal-induced gap states.
Conversion of the dominantly ideal perturbations into a tearing mode after a sawtooth crash
Authors: Igochine V. , Gude A. , Günter S. , Lackner K. , Yu Q. , Barrera Orte L. , Bogomolov A. , Classen I. , McDermott R. M. , Luhmann N. C. ,   ASDEX Upgrade Team
Published: November 2014

Forced magnetic reconnection is a topic of common interest in astrophysics, space science, and magnetic fusion research. The tearing mode formation process after sawtooth crashes implies the existence of this type of magnetic reconnection and is investigated in great detail in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. The sawtooth crash provides a fast relaxation of the core plasma temperature and can trigger a tearing mode at a neighbouring resonant surface. It is demonstrated for the first time that the sawtooth crash leads to a dominantly ideal kink mode formation at the resonant surface immediately after the sawtooth crash. Local measurements show that this kink mode transforms into a tearing mode on a much longer timescale (10−3s−10−2s) than the sawtooth crash itself (10−4s). The ideal kink mode formed after the sawtooth crash provides the driving force for magnetic reconnection and its amplitude is one of the critical parameters for the length of the transition phase from a ideal into an resistive mode. Nonlinear two fluid MHD simulations confirm these observations.
Collective flow dynamics across a bacterial carpet: Understanding the forces generated
Authors: Hsiao Yi-Teng , Wang Jing-Hui , Wu Kuan-Ting , Tsai Jengjan , Chang Cheng-Hung , Woon Wei-Yen
Published: November 2014

Bacterial carpets consist of randomly anchored uni-polar-flagellated sodium-motive bacterial matrix are prepared by flow deposition. Collective flow dynamics across the bacterial carpets are probed with optical tweezers-microsphere assay. Around the center of a uniform bacterial cluster, collective forces that pull microsphere towards carpet surface are detected at a distance of 10 μm away from carpets. At sodium-motive driving over a critical value, the force magnitudes increase abruptly, suggesting a threshold-like transition of hydrodynamic synchronization across bacterial carpet. The abrupt force increase is explained in term of bifurcation to phase synchronization in a noisy non-linearly coupled rotor array mediated by hydrodynamic interactions.
Determination of the dielectric constant of InGaAs based gate stacks by a modified thickness series method
Authors: Krylov Igor , Eizenberg Moshe , Ritter Dan
Published: November 2014

The conventional thickness series method for the determination of the dielectric constant of silicon based gate stacks is not applicable for InGaAs based gate stacks due to the low density of states of the semiconductor. Here, we propose a modification of the thickness series method, to alleviate this problem. Since saturation of the accumulation capacitance is not obtained, we propose to measure the accumulation capacitance at a constant effective electric field. The limitations and accuracy of the proposed method are addressed experimentally and theoretically.
High-pressure resistance reversibility of polymer composites based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Arslanov T. R. , Babaev A. A. , Arslanov R. K. , Khokhlachev P. P. , Terukov E. I. , Filippov A. K.
Published: November 2014

A study on the electrical behavior of polymer composites based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) under the application of hydrostatic pressure up to 9 GPa and at room temperature is reported. A higher resistance, with values of order of kΩ, is demonstrated for MWCNT with an aspect ratio R9GPa/Rint ≈7. Our observations also show that pressure induced a structural change of the MWCNT to an ellipsoid shape at P ∼ 1–1.5 GPa—a measurement that correlates rather well with theoretical predictions. By direct and reverse high-pressure measurements of resistance, as well as current-voltage characteristics, we have identified the reversibility of electrophysical properties. Our observations suggest that the polymer composite based on MWCNT is a promising material for pressure sensing devices.
Coupling of an average-atom model with a collisional-radiative equilibrium model
Authors: Faussurier G. , Blancard C. , Cossé P.
Published: November 2014

We present a method to combine a collisional-radiative equilibrium model and an average-atom model to calculate bound and free electron wavefunctions in hot dense plasmas by taking into account screening. This approach allows us to calculate electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity as well as pressure in non local thermodynamic equilibrium plasmas. Illustrations of the method are presented for dilute titanium plasma.
Incorporating photon recycling into the analytical drift-diffusion model of high efficiency solar cells
Authors: Lumb Matthew P. , Steiner Myles A. , Geisz John F. , Walters Robert J.
Published: November 2014

The analytical drift-diffusion formalism is able to accurately simulate a wide range of solar cell architectures and was recently extended to include those with back surface reflectors. However, as solar cells approach the limits of material quality, photon recycling effects become increasingly important in predicting the behavior of these cells. In particular, the minority carrier diffusion length is significantly affected by the photon recycling, with consequences for the solar cell performance. In this paper, we outline an approach to account for photon recycling in the analytical Hovel model and compare analytical model predictions to GaAs-based experimental devices operating close to the fundamental efficiency limit.
Refined bomb radiocarbon dating of two iconic fishes of the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Andrews Allen H. , Choat John H. , Hamilton Richard J. , DeMartini Edward E.
Published: November 2014

Refinements to the methodology of bomb radiocarbon dating made it possible to validate age estimates of the humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) and bumphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum). Age for these species has been estimated from presumed annual growth zones in otoliths at ~30 and ~40 years respectively. The validity of these estimates was tested using bomb radiocarbon dating on the small and fragile otoliths of these species, and provided an opportunity to refine the method using advanced technologies. A regional Δ14C reference record from hermatypic coral cores from the Great Barrier Reef was assembled and Δ14C measurements from extracted otolith cores of adult otoliths were successful. Validated ages supported the accuracy of growth zone derived ages using sectioned sagittal otoliths.