bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERCEPTION OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS AND STUDENTS ON DIGITAL AUGMENTED REALITY LEARNING MEDIA
Authors: Saputra Dudu Suhandi
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the extent to which teachers and elementary school students perceive the use of augmented reality digital learning media. The method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative research method. The results of this study say that learning using augmented reality is very suitable for use at the elementary school level. Because basically the learning of elementary school children is still teacher-centered and the use of learning media itself is still minimally used. There are still many teachers who lack an understanding of science and technology. The teacher's perception of the impact of augmented reality is that by utilizing technology, students not only gain cognitive abilities, but students also gain the abilities and skills in using and utilizing technology wisely which is one of the skills in the 21st century. Furthermore, students' perceptions of media Augmented reality digital learning is that students can enjoy learning, enrich their knowledge of the material studied through augmented reality, and students are more enthusiastic about learning. Augmented reality is a learning media by utilizes technological developments.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL-BASED COVID-19 MITIGATION MEDIA (MISIMICOTIN) FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors: Rochmah Eliya , Labudasari Erna , Hastuti Sri Sundhea
Published: August 2022

The objectives of the research are (1) the expansion of digital-based COVID-19 mitigation media literacy (Misimicotin) (2) The suitability of digital-based COVID-19 mitigation literacy media. The research method used for research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative (mixed methods) with research design and development (R D). Based on the research design that has been designed, the stages of R D research in this study are knowing the potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, and testing. Digital-based COVID-19 mitigation media literacy (Misimicotin) was created using Microsoft PowerPoint software which is then converted into an android application using Inspiring Suite 9 and Website 2 APK Builder. Based on the results of 3 expert validators, it was found that the media was quite feasible with an average score of 3.5, while the user response involving 30 elementary school-age respondents found that the average score of user responses was 89% agree and strongly agree so that user responses to learning media are at very good category.
THE USE OF SNAKES AND LADDERS MATH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIPLE INTELLEGENCES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL MATHEMATICS SUMMATION MATERIALS
Authors: Sakdah Maya Siti , Maimunah Maimunah , Safaruddin Maulidya
Published: August 2022

Each student has a different level of intelligence, as a result their learning needs are also not aligned. Children have multiple intelligences so a strategy is needed to accommodate the intelligence possessed by children. This research was conducted at SD Islam Tepadu Permata Cendekia, Simalungun Regency, to be precise in third grade students. The aim is to see the effectiveness of the Multiple Intelligences Learning Strategy with the help of Snakes and Ladders Math media on addition material in Mathematics. The implementation of this research is in the form of quasi-experimental research with One group pretest posttest design. Data collection is done by applying tests as well as observations. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in the average score of students before and after being given treatment, namely (40 91). So that it can improve children's mathematical logical intelligence and verbal intelligence through tests. In addition, the physical and interpersonal intelligence of students is also seen when the traditional game media is applied. So it can be concluded that the application of Media Snakes and Ladders is effective in developing Multiple Intelligences in class III SDIT Permata Cendekia, Simalungun Regency.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SIMULATION MODEL CHARACTER LEARNING VIDEO IMPLEMENTATION IN INTEGRATED ISLAMIC PRIMARY SCHOOL DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Safruddin Maulidyah , Prastowo Andi
Published: August 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has made teachers consider choosing learning media so that students can be helped to understand the learning material provided even though learning is accepted online. The use of learning video media is an option for learning as a teacher option when learning online. This study aims to see the process of implementing learning video media carried out at SDIT Al Hikmah Pangkep during the covid-19 pandemic from the perspective of educators. The character learning in question is the 9 pillars of character given to students 15 minutes before learning begins. The method in this research is descriptive quantitative with an instrument in the form of a questionnaire distributed to educators via google form. The data analysis used in this study is descriptive statistics, namely analyzing data by describing or describing the data that has been collected as it is. The results of this study revealed that the majority of educators considered that the character learning video media was well implemented. Character learning videos can help educators to teach material related to good characters in life. The use of video media is also favored by students because it can help students study at home, motivate students to study. Through character learning videos, it can also stimulate students to find important information related to character building
PROBLEMS IMPLEMENTING THE 2013 CURRICULUM LEARNING ASSESSMENT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Sobarningsih Ishmahani , Irianto Dede Margo , Yuniarti Yeni
Published: August 2022

This study aimed to investigate the implementation of learning assessment of Curriculum 2013 during the Covid-19 pandemic in 263 Rancaloa Elementary School. This was a qualitative research with a case study. The subjects of the research were three teachers of grade, two upper grade teacher and a lower grade teacher of 263 Rancaloa Elementary Schools. The main instrument was the human instrument. While supporting instruments used interview guid, tape recorder, and observation sheet. The data were analysed using interactive analysis Miles Huberman (data collection, reduction, display, and verification/conclude). The results indicate that (1) the implementation of learning assessment of Curriculum 2013 during the Covid-19 pandemic has not met standards. However, of the three teachers who became the subject of study, two teacher managed to carry outmet standards that was VA1 and VA2, (2) the problems of learning assessment of Curriculum 2013 during the Covid-19 pandemic include; facilities and infrastructure, teachers and parents understanding, teachers’ productivity, unpreparedness teachers and parents, (3) the teachers strategy in addressing the problem is the teacher collective and individual strategy.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EXPERIMENTAL METHODS TO STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN ELEMENTARY SCIENCE LEARNING: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Bintoro Totok , Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi , Sari Yofita , Hasanah Uswatun , Syahdan Aldin
Published: August 2022

This research aims to explain how experimental methods applied in science learning in Elementary School can improve abilities. Critical thinking of students. The method used in this research is literature study research. This research uses secondary data in the form of scientific journals, research results and books and other relevant sources. Data analysis techniques include three stages: organizing, synthesize, and identifying. The results of this study show that experimental methods have stages, among others: (1) identify problems (2) search for data for problem solving (3) conduct experiments (4) test the correctness of problems (5) make conclusions that have critical relevance. Critical thinking indicators that include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, and decisions. This article discusses efforts to improve critical thinking in the learning process using experimental methods.
Comparison between capacitive and resistive electronic transfer therapy and high-intensity laser therapy in pain conditions related to musculoskeletal disorders
Authors: Mitrić Žarko , Vučković Maja , Mačak Hadžiomerović Amra , Lalović Miloš
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) imply damage to muscular or skeletal systems, which usually develop due to strenuous, repetitive activity, or an inflammation process. The therapy with capacitive and resistive electronic transfer (CRet) and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) have mainly been applied for pain relief in these conditions. This paper aims to provide an overview of the efficient results of CRet therapy and HILT in managing pain associated with musculoskeletal disorders found in the available literature.
Methods: Articles related to musculoskeletal disorders were searched through electronic databases, such as PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Lilacs, Cochrane, Research Gate, and available website search tools. After excluding records that are not clinical trials and studies (such as review articles, patient information, and Ph.D. papers) and articles which did not deal with pain in musculoskeletal disorders, 61 articles met our criteria and were included in the overview.
Results: By reviewing the selected articles related to CRet therapy and HILT effects on pain in musculoskeletal disorders, it was found that both therapies have a favorable effect on pain reduction.
Conclusion: The selected papers showed that both therapies are powerful tools for pain reduction. Although there are no specific protocols, including the number and frequency of therapies applied and other parameters, in both therapy modalities, pain alleviation occurs during or immediately after a therapy cycle application.
Presentación
Authors: Barbosa Cruz Mario , Gómez González Sebastián
Published: August 2022

En enero de 2013 vio a la luz el número 1 de Trashumante. Revista Americana de Historia Social. Esta primera edición llevaba detrás un trabajo de más de un año de preparación. Diez años después, los integrantes del equipo binacional editor de la revista hemos logrado sostener este propósito de editar semestralmente una publicación académica con un perfil de historia social. Gracias a este trabajo constante hemos logrado ser incluidos en reconocidas bases de datos e índices como Scimago (Scopus) y Publindex, entre otras. Incluso, Scimago nos clasificó en el nivel Q1 en la última evaluación realizada.
“El asilo contra la opresión”: nacionalismo, masculinidades y cultura visual en Chile, década de 1970
Authors: Stern Claudia
Published: August 2022

Este artículo examina la narrativa masculina de la chilenidad a través de la cultura visual en torno a la nacionalización del cobre durante el gobierno de Salvador Allende (1970-1973). Basado en las gráficas oficiales de la Unidad Popular para anunciar este hito, el artículo desmenuza el porqué de las representaciones de lo masculino en torno a la retórica nacional y su raigambre plurisocial, a la vez que las circunscribe en la realidad actual, lo que permite resignificar la dignidad nacional.
jóvenes estudiantes y la política: crisis universitaria en el Cusco, Perú (1924-1927)
Authors: Sánchez de la Cruz Alcides Daniel , Morán Ramos Luis Daniel
Published: August 2022

Este artículo se propone abordar los orígenes de la crisis universitaria en el Cusco. Para tal fin, se analizarán el funcionamiento y el deterioro de su universidad, el surgimiento del grupo radical Ande a partir de espacios alternativos como la universidad popular y la revista Kosko y el desarrollo de la huelga universitaria de 1927 y sus consecuencias. En relación con ello, se evidencia que la crisis de la institución obedeció al abandono económico del Estado, el cual agravó sus múltiples problemas, aquellos que fueron denunciados por la nueva generación de jóvenes estudiantes, y conllevó al receso y la reorganización institucional.
¿Castigar o reeducar? Debates parlamentarios, transformaciones jurídicas y legislación en torno al sistema de protección de menores. Chile, 1912-1968
Authors: Errázuriz Tagle Javiera
Published: August 2022

Este artículo aborda los debates parlamentarios y leyes sobre el sistema de protección de menores entre 1912-1968, período en que se construye un entramado normativo e institucional destinado a proteger a la infancia vulnerable en Chile. Se busca demostrar la existencia de tensiones entre los enfoques punitivo y rehabilitador, las cuales, junto con la falta de recursos, impidieron la construcción de un sistema de protección integral y eficiente. Se postula que el enfoque punitivo prevalecerá durante el período estudiado, pese a los discursos en sentido contrario, debido a que los niños, las niñas y los adolescentes vulnerables se consideran un peligro para la sociedad.
Comparación del perfil social de los individuos acusados del delito de “infidencia” en las guerras de independencia de México y Venezuela, 1809-1820
Authors: Castellón Valdez Luz Mary
Published: August 2022

El objetivo del artículo es comparar el perfil social de los individuos acusados del delito de infidencia, en el contexto de las guerras independentistas de los actuales países de México y Venezuela en los años de 1809 a 1820. Fueron consultados los expedientes conocidos como “las causas de infidencia”, donde se seleccionó una muestra de 534 individuos acusados del delito de infidencia en México y 534 para Venezuela mediante las variables: edad, oficio, grupo étnico, delito cometido y sentencia recibida. El estudio arrojó algunos elementos que aportan a los estudios comparativos en la comprensión de los sujetos que participaron en los movimientos independentistas hispanoamericanos.
Proudhon en México: recepción y debate de las ideas socialistas a través de la prensa mexicana, 1848-1852
Authors: Peña Ramírez César Gabriel
Published: August 2022

El presente artículo pretende abordar, desde la historia intelectual y social, el arribo de las ideas del socialista francés Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. Se analizan, a través de sus libros y de la prensa de la época, los debates y discusiones que giraron en torno a su pensamiento, obra y acción así como la influencia que tuvo, si no de manera directa, sí conceptual, en los movimientos sociales acaecidos en México en la década de 1850.
Qual futuro para a história social?
Authors: Batalha Claudio H. M.
Published: August 2022

Desde pelo menos a década de 1990 houve quem proclamasse o fim da história social, seja pela concorrência da história cultural com sua tendência a ver o mundo apenas como representação, seja pelo desafio metodológico proposto pela virada ou giro linguístico. Em um artigo provocativo de 1995 publicado na revista britânica Social History, Patrick Joyce lançava a indagação e ao mesmo tempo a respondia proclamando o fim da história social tal como existia até então. Joyce está entre os poucos exemplos de historiadores que ao abraçarem um perspectiva pós-moderna tentaram aplicá-la na sua produção como pesquisador como seus trabalhos posteriores tornam evidente, nele há uma ruptura com categorias que considera reificadas e criações normativas da modernidade, tal como classe social. Como alternativa analítica propõe o indivíduo. Ao mesmo tempo, nega qualquer possibilidade de um real que não seja fruto da construção cultural e discursiva.
nuevos sujetos rebeldes
Authors: Illades Carlos
Published: August 2022

El deseo de conducir la voluntad de las masas populares es antiguo, pero la técnica para intervenir en ella es moderna. Norberto Bobbio ha recordado que tuvo que pasar mucho tiempo para que el liberalismo aceptara la democracia, y que ello sólo pudo lograrse a condición de eliminar de esta última corriente la petición de igualdad material para reducirla a su dimensión formal. Para las élites de buena parte del siglo xix, ser demócrata equivalía a ser demagogo: en la visión de esas élites, el demócrata se dedicaba únicamente a soliviantar a las masas y romper el pacto social para realizar sus oscuros propósitos. Los liberales del siglo xix coincidieron con los conservadores decimonónicos en la consideración de que las “clases peligrosas” eran una amenaza al orden público y al régimen político; los socialistas, por otro lado, trataron de ganarlas a su causa. Los liberales consideraron que, con la educación, algún día estas clases podrían participar de la cosa pública, en tanto que los conservadores presumieron que eran irredentas por naturaleza. Los socialistas creyeron, simplemente, que había que conducirlas. Conforme se extendieron el sufragio universal y el asociacionismo obrero en la segunda mitad del siglo, se volvió importante la pregunta de cómo influir en el ánimo de las clases trabajadoras. Dos posturas parecieron pertinentes: una, concentrada en el manejo de las pulsiones emotivas del nuevo actor; la otra dirigida al núcleo racional, es decir, a su conciencia. Con argumentos distintos, tanto el médico francés Gustave Le Bon (1841-1931) como el dirigente bolchevique Lenin (1870-1924) asumieron que las masas populares requerían de un elemento externo para actuar: en un caso, para desbocarse, en el otro para alcanzar la emancipación. Lo que en uno era una pulsión irracional, en el otro era conciencia. Aquélla provenía de las prácticas acendradas como atavismos. Si la conciencia no emergía espontáneamente era consecuencia de la alienación de la sociedad capitalista, lo cual hacía indispensable la mediación de la organización partidaria para fundir la acción obrera con la ciencia. Ambos trazaron la directriz de ulteriores desarrollos, indicando qué botón de la persona humana (asociada en colectividades) habría de apretarse para obtener el resultado deseado.
jardín de la historia social
Authors: Lobato Mirta Zaida
Published: August 2022

En el gran jardín de la historia social se buscó en un primer momento superar el cierre epistemológico que se concentraba en escribir la historia de las figuras prominentes: reyes, gobernantes y militares para abrirse a su entorno y volcarse al exterior, a todo lo que quedaba por fuera de las murallas levantadas en la disciplina, en una imagen que evoca al primer programa de los Annales y a las reflexiones de Marc Bloch y Lucien Febvre. Para historiadores e historiadoras inglesas como Hobsbawn, Thompson (Edward y Dorothy), Samuel, Rudé, Hill, Rowbotham, Steedman entre otros, “los de abajo” (campesinos, artesanos, clases trabajadoras, mujeres) no sólo debían tener un lugar en la historia de la sociedad; tomarlos en cuenta era un ejercicio que prometía una visión distinta de todo el pasado. Aunque menciono a los historiadores ingleses podría nombrar también a Luisa Passerini, Alessandro Portelli, Natalie Zemon Davis y Michelle Perrot.
Carlos D. Ciriza-Mendívil. Naturales de una ciudad multiétnica. Vidas y dinámicas sociales de los indígenas de Quito en el siglo XVII. Madrid: Sílex Ediciones, 2019
Authors: Díaz Ceballos Jorge
Published: August 2022

La imagen tradicional de la América hispana durante el periodo colonial ofrecía una sociedad estática, de divisiones internas y compartimentos estancos basados en diferencias étnicas, raciales y socioeconómicas. En primer lugar, estarían las autoridades españolas; en segundo lugar, las masas de indígenas casi anónimas y, en tercer lugar, los grupos de esclavos africanos llegados al continente desde comienzos del siglo XVI. Esta impresión se habría aplicado a prácticamente todo el Nuevo Mundo, tanto a los espacios rurales como urbanos, con el matiz de una mayor presencia indígena en el campo frente a los espacios urbanos primordialmente “castellanos”. Desde hace unos cuantos años diversos trabajos están dejando esta visión simplista fuera de lugar.
Maarten Van Ginderachter. The Everyday Nationalism of Workers: A Social History of Modern Belgium. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2019
Authors: González Salinas Omar Fabián
Published: August 2022

Si bien este libro se ocupa de pasajes históricos de Bélgica lejanos para América Latina, considero pertinente llamar la atención sobre su estimulante propuesta: estudiar los nacionalismos “desde abajo”, es decir, colocando el foco de atención en las formas en que los nacionalismos son vividos por los ciudadanos “de a pie”; aquellos que no forman parte de las elites políticas o culturales, también desarrollan sus propias representaciones sobre la nación y la identidad nacional y cuentan con agencia propia para apropiarse o rechazar la simbología nacionalista oficial.
Anadolu şimşiri (Buxus sempervirens L.) gövde odununun bazı teknolojik özelliklerinin araştırılması
Authors: TOPALOĞLU Elif , USTAÖMER Derya , OZTURK Murat , AY Nurgül
Published: August 2022

şimşiri (B. sempervirens L.) gövde odununun anatomik özellikleri, rutubet miktarı, yoğunluk değerleri, liflere paralel basınç direnci, renk parametreleri ve yüzey pürüzlülük değerleri belirlenmiştir. Araştırma materyali Trabzon’un Çaykara ilçesinden alınmıştır. Gövde odunu, gerçekleştirilecek testler için kesilerek deney örnekleri elde edilmiş ve deney örnekleri hava kurusu hale gelinceye kadar iklimlendirme odasında bekletilmiştir. Testler, ilgili standartlara göre gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirildiğinde Anadolu şimşiri odununun dağınık traheli olduğu, hava kurusu yoğunluk değerinin 0,94 g/cm3 ve “ağır ağaçlar” sınıfında yer aldığı, liflere paralel basınç direncinin 70,64 N/mm2 ve “basınç direnci büyük ağaçlar sınıfında” yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Yüzey pürüzlülük parametrelerine ait sonuçlara göre şimşir odununun radyal yüzeyinin teğet yüzeyden daha pürüzlü olduğu; renk parametrelerine ait sonuçlara göre teğet yüzeyinin radyal yüzeyden daha açık renkte olduğu ve her iki yüzeyin sarı renk tonunda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmak için sert bir oduna sahip olan Anadolu şimşiri odunu süs eşyası, alet sapları, kaşık, tarak, tavla pulu, cetvel, müzik aleti parçaları üretiminde, oymacılık, tornacılık ve kakmacılıkta yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ülkemiz ormancılığında odun dışı orman ürünü olarak alternatif tıp alanında ve süs bitkisi olarak peyzaj alanında da değerlendirilen şimşir ağaçlarının korunması ve canlılığını sürdürebilmesi için gerekli çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.
Kırmızı yapraklı Japon akçaağacının çelikle üretilmesinde farklı sera ortamları ile oksinlerin etkileri
Authors: BAYRAKTAR Ali , GÜNEY Deniz , CHAVOSHI Seyyed Hossein
Published: August 2022

Sapindaceae familyasının bir üyesi olan kırmızı yapraklı Japon akçaağacı (Acer palmatum Thunb. ‘Atropurpureum’) da dekoratif özellikleri ile park ve bahçelerde sıklıkla tercih edilen bir kültivar olduğundan üretim yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Buradan hareketle, kırmızı yapraklı Japon akçaağacı çeliklerinin köklendirilmesinde Sera-1 (20±2°C hava sıcaklığı, 25±2°C köklendirme masası sıcaklığı ve %70±2 nem düzeyi) ve Sera-2 (20±2°C hava sıcaklığı, 20±2°C köklendirme masası sıcaklığı ve %70±2 nem düzeyi) olmak üzere farklı sera ortamları ile oksinlerin (3000 ve 5000 ppm dozlarında IAA, IBA ve NAA) etkilerinin incelenmesi çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Kanuni Yerleşkesinde bulunan anaç bitkiden mayıs ayında alınan ve perlit köklendirme ortamına dikilen yumuşak çelikler üzerinde ilk kallus ve ilk kök oluşum tarihleri, köklenme yüzdesi, kallus yüzdesi, kök boyu ve kök sayısı değerleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler üzerinde yapılan varyans analizi sonucunda, köklenme yüzdesi açısından sera ortamları arasında %99 güven düzeyinde ve fitohormonlar arasında %95 güven düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar meydana gelmiştir. Çelikler dikildikten 109 gün sonra Sera-1 ortamında yer alan NAA 5000 ppm işleminde ilk kök oluşumu meydana gelirken, en yüksek köklenme yüzdesi de yine aynı sera ortamı ve işlemde %63,33 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde, köklendirme masası sıcaklığının hava sıcaklığından 5°C daha yüksek olması daha iyi bir köklenme için önerilebilir.
Magnolia kobus DC.’ nin yeşil çelikle üretiminde farklı hormon uygulamalarının etkileri
Authors: PULATKAN Müberra , KAYA ŞAHİN Elif
Published: August 2022

Anavatanı Japonya olan Magnolia kobus DC., Magnoliaceae familyasından, kışın yaprağını döken küçük ağaç formunda bir bitkidir. Formu, aromatik yaprakları, bol miktarda açan pembemsi beyaz çiçekleri ve meyve güzelliği ile Peyzaj Mimarlığı bitkilendirme tasarımlarında tercih edilen bitkilerden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, estetik özelikleri ile etkili olan bu bitkinin çelikle çoğaltılarak kentsel peyzajda kullanımının teşvik edilmesidir. Çalışmada, farklı hormon uygulamalarının Magnolia kobus’un yeşil çeliklerinin köklenme başarısı üzerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çeliklere, IBA (Indol-3-bütrik asit), IAA (Indol-3-asetik asit) ve NAA (Naftalin asetik asit) hormonların 0 (kontrol), 3000 ppm, 5000 ppm ve 8000 ppm dozları uygulanmıştır. Çelikler sera koşulları altında (20±2 ºC hava sıcaklığı, 25±2 ºC köklendirme masası alt sıcaklığı, %70±2 nem) perlit ortamına dikilmişlerdir. Yaklaşık 4 ay sonra çelikler sökülerek köklenme oranı (%) ve kök uzunlukları (cm) belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda en yüksek köklenme yüzdesi (%60) IBA hormonunun 8000 ppm dozuyla işlem görmüş çeliklerinde elde edilmiştir. Çeliklerdeki en yüksek kök uzunluğu değerleri IAA 3000 ppm ve 5000 ppm dozla işlem görmüş çeliklerde tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan varyans analizi sonucuna göre hormon uygulamalarının köklenme üzerine anlamlı bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir (P: 0,000 ˂ 0,05).
Insidiously Trivial: How the Political Meme Format Drives Down Corrective Intent
Authors: Lyons Benjamin
Published: August 2022

Misinformation studies have focused on traditional news formats, overlooking prevalent visual forms such as political memes. However, if citizens systematically respond differently to claims conveyed by memes, their effects on the broader information ecosystem may be underestimated. This study (N = 598) uses a 2 (partisan news/meme) X 2 (oppositional/congenial) design to examine perceptions of political memes’ influence on self and others, and the format’s effect on willingness to engage in corrective discussion. Results indicate that meme format enhances individuals’ tendency to see messages as less influential on oneself than on others, and individuals are less likely to correct claims presented in meme format. This decrease in corrective intent is mediated by the decrease in perceived influence over self. These findings have practical implications for those combating inaccurate claims in the public sphere, and call attention to the role format differences may play in the psychological processes underlying political discussion as it becomes increasingly mediated and visual.
Insidiously Trivial: Meme Format Reduces Perceived Influence and Intent to Debate Partisan Claims
Authors: Lyons Benjamin A.
Published: August 2022

If citizens systematically respond differently to claims conveyed by memes, their effects on the broader information ecosystem may be underestimated. This US-based study (N = 598) uses a 2 (partisan news/meme format) x 2 (congenial/uncongenial message) design to examine perceptions of partisan memes’ influence on self and others, and the format’s effect on willingness to share disagreement in the context of partisan claims about corruption surrounding biofuels operations. Results indicate that meme format enhances individuals’ tendency to see messages as less influential on oneself than on others and individuals less intent to share disagreement with claims presented in meme format. This decrease is mediated by the decrease in perceived influence over self. These findings call attention to the role format differences may play in the psychological processes underlying political discussion as it becomes increasingly mediated and visual.
Enlightening Confusion: How Contradictory Findings Help Mitigate Problematic Trends in Digital Democracies
Authors: Mothes Cornelia , Ohme Jakob
Published: August 2022

This thematic issue includes ten articles that address previous contradictions in research on two main trends in digital democracies: news avoidance and political polarization. Looking at these contradictions from different angles, all contributions suggest one aspect in particular that could be important for future research to investigate more specifically possible countermeasures to harmful trends: the individualized, self-reflective way in which media users nowadays engage with political content. The increasingly value-based individualization of media use may be a hopeful starting point for reversing harmful trends to some degree by addressing individual media users as a community with a common base of civic values, rather than addressing them in their limited social group identities.
Necessary orthodontic treatment assessment of orphans
Authors: Akhmedova Siyasat K. , Slabkovskaya Anna B. , Magomedov Radzhab R. , Morozova Natalya V. , Terekhina Nadezhda V. , Drobysheva Liya A.
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: The orthodontic treatment leads not only to functional normalization of the stomatognathic system but also to smile aesthetic changes, which helps to increase a persons self-esteem. Moreover, the level of neuropsychicological development revealed that approximately 6% of orphans are included in the group of healthy people following the coefficient of mental development, and 94% of pupils of the orphanage with sensory, motor, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive sphere retardation are in the risk and pathology group.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the psychological status of children without parental care, based on the Picture of a Person test.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 44 children from the orphanage aged 717 years to assess their psychological status using the Picture of a Person test.

RESULTS: Difficult life circumstances lead to developmental peculiarities in children. However, the desire for social communication remains, the aesthetics of appearance are valued, and the desire to impress increases. This indicates the need to work not only on the psychological state of children without parental care but also to educate them on the right attitude toward health and beauty, to create opportunities for self-improvement with the help of various specialists (dentists, orthodontists, dermatologists, etc.), which will help increase self-esteem.

CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the need for children without parental care in social communication. Great importance is attached to the aesthetics of the face and teeth. Dentists can contribute to the successful adaptation of orphaned children in society, paying attention to the treatment not only to the health of the dental system but also to the beauty of a smile. Orthodontic treatment can help in educating orphans with the qualities necessary for their socialization.
An urban approach to adolescent birth rates in Latin America
Authors:   , Braverman Bronstein Ariela , Diez Roux Ana Victoria
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Heterogeneities in the urban environment in Latin America (LA) suggest that upstream factors might have implications for the high adolescent birth rates (ABR). We quantified the variability of ABR in LA cities, and examined how different characteristics of the city and sub-city social environment, city-levels of women's empowerment (WE) and gender inequality, and the availability of service facilities/amenities are associated with ABR. Methods: We estimated sub-city ABR for years 2014-2016 in 363 cities of more than 100,000 residents in nine LA countries. We used vital registration, census, survey, and other publicly available data to characterize the city and sub-city social environment. We combined census-derived socioeconomic indicators that reflected living conditions (LC) and population educational attainment (PEA). We constructed a gender inequality index (GII) and three scores reflecting WE in the employment, education, and health care spheres. We also obtained the density per square km2 of service facilities/amenities for 92 cities in Mexico for the period 2008-2017 and assessed their association with ABR. Results: The median sub-city ABR across 1403 sub-cities nested within 363 cities in nine countries was 58.5 live births per 1000 women 15-19 years old. We found substantial variability across cities within countries and across sub-cities within cities. The intraclass correlation coefficient estimation showed that 37% of the variability occurs between countries and 47% between cities. Higher homicide rates, grater population growth, and higher GII were associated with higher ABR. Better sub-city LC, higher sub-city PEA, and higher city levels of WE in the three spheres were associated with lower ABR. In Mexico, we found that an increase in the density of schools, pharmacies, recreation facilities, and off-premises alcohol outlets were associated with a decrease in ABR. Furthermore, we found that municipalities with a higher density of schools, pharmacies, health care, and recreation facilities had lower ABR while those with a higher density of on-premises alcohol outlets had higher ABR. Conclusions: Addressing social, economic, and gender inequality as well as violence might help reduce ABR in LA. In addition, investment in infrastructure and urban planning presents an alternative pathway to tackle ABR.
The Making and Breaking of Social Entrepreneurs
Authors:   , Chaudhary Usha , Nag Rajiv , Tzabbar Daniel
Published: August 2022

Humanity is on the path to extinction. Many notable scientists and scholars have made such predictions, including the prognosis that the people who are alive today may be one of the last generations of the human species on Earth. Whether this extinction is due to natural causes or self-inflicted by human beings, it is an undeniable fact that societal problems in areas such as climate change, healthcare and global pandemic, poverty and hunger, social justice and equality, crime and violence, and financial and political corruption are continuing to multiply and escalate on a global scale. Unfortunately, the public and private sectors have not addressed these problems adequately, making the need for social entrepreneurs even more acute. Further, less than 50% of new social enterprises in the United States survive past three years, and less than 10% survive past six years, due primarily to the lack of financial resources, advocacy, and governance (Gasca, 2017). Therefore, we need to incubate, support, and retain more social entrepreneurs to solve these and other social issues at the local, national, and global levels. My research identifies the factors that lead to the creation and incubation of social entrepreneurs as well as factors that drive their exit from social entrepreneurship. The results also highlight the many competing and contradictory tensions and challenges social entrepreneurs must balance during the launch and operating phases of their enterprise as well as the coping mechanisms they must deploy to both respond to and survive in facing these inherent tensions and challenges. My results also provide a typology of the unique characteristics and attributes that successful social entrepreneurs possess that enables them to survive and thrive in challenging environments. Through my study, I hope to further advance the research in the field of social entrepreneurship, including the life cycle of a social entrepreneur. My findings can also be applied to increase the incubation and retention of social entrepreneurs in the social sector and boost the success rate of social enterprises by providing insights into how social entrepreneurs can manage and mitigate the tensions and barriers they encounter in launching and operating their social enterprises.
Young athletes of leadership and effective communication perceptions the case of Turkish Football Federation 3rd league
Authors: Metín Mehmet , Eratli Şirin Yeliz
Published: August 2022

Leadership behaviors of team captains in sports and the evaluation of effective communication levels in terms of demographic variables is the aim for study. The sample of the study consists of 106 football players who play football actively in the 3rd League of the Turkish Football Federation (TFF). Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test and Spearman correlation analyzes has been used for evaluating. The results show that there was a positive linear relationship between the perceived leadership behaviors of the athletes and their perceptions of effective communication. The significant difference between the education level variable, and the democratic behavior and autocratic behavior, which are the sub-dimensions of the perceptions of leadership in sports. The significant difference between the variable of position and the sub-dimensions of leadership in sports, social support and rewarding behavior. There is also a significant difference between the year playing football and democratic behavior, social support and rewarding behavior. No significant difference was found between perceptions of effective communication and demographic variables. Five predictor variables from the sub-dimensions of leadership in sports significantly explain approximately 30% of the total variance in effective communication scores. As a result, it can be concluded that the socially supported, rewarding, educational and instructive behaviors of team captains increase their effective communication skills with their athletes.
Investigation of the effect of basic swimming education course on some respiratory parameters of university students
Authors: Sever Mehmet Onur , Zambak Omer
Published: August 2022

In this study, the effect of 12-week basic swimming training of sports science students on some respiratory parameters was determined. In the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades of Gümüşhane University School of Physical Education and Sports, 64 (111) male students who did not take swimming lessons and 47 who took swimming lessons participated voluntarily. The experimental group was given breath work for 12 weeks during the course content and for 10 minutes at the end. Measurements were taken from the students twice before and after the 12-week education. SPSS 25.0 program was used in the analysis of the data collected within the scope of the research. Independent comparison of age, height and body weight measurements of the athletes in the experimental and control groups. Samples T Test was used. In the comparison of time, group, group x time changes of FVC, MVV, VC and FEV1 measurements, Repeated Measures ANOVA analysis was used. Statistical significance level was taken as (p<0.05). As a result of the research, a significant result could not be reached in FVC and FEV1 values between Tests, Groups and Group x time intervals, whereas VC was only between tests. However, statistically significant differences were found between MVV and VC Tests, Groups and Group x Time values. In short, it has been shown that students who take swimming lessons have statistically higher lung volumes than students who do not take the lesson. However, swimming activity can be recommended to increase respiratory efficiency of university students.
Hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosed in a patient who had Fontan operation 30 years ago: a case report
Authors: Hur Moon Haeng , Kim Haeryoung , Lee Jeong-Hoon
Published: August 2022

The Fontan operation is performed in patients with a single ventricle. As the systemic venous return is directly connected to the pulmonary circulation during this procedure, chronic hepatic congestion is induced, leading to Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this report, we present a case of HCC diagnosed in a patient who underwent the Fontan operation 30 years ago. The patient underwent regular surveillance for FALD, which revealed a 4 cm-sized hepatic mass with elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein. After surgical treatment, there was no evidence of HCC recurrence during 3 years of follow-up. As the risk of HCC and Fontan-associated liver cirrhosis increases with the duration elapsed since the operation, regular surveillance should be emphasized. Serial follow-up of serum alpha-fetoprotein levels and abdominal imaging are necessary to achieve early and accurate diagnosis of HCC in post-Fontan patients.
Blood flow restriction training on hypertesive subjects: a systematic review
Authors: Bezerra Silveira Anderson Luiz , Monteiro de Carvalho Lucas , Di Masi Fabrizio , Pio Thiago W S , Melibeu Bentes Claudio
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Systemic arterial hypertension has been growing worldwide, causing thousands of deaths and large expenses in this condition treatment. Currently, resistance training (RT) is widely prescribed as a non-pharmacological option for blood pressure control, but there are some individuals with intolerance to high load of RT. Hence, blood flow restriction is a method created to stimulate high level of physiological adaptations with low resistive load. However, there are uncertainties about safety and efficacy of this method. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of blood flow restriction training in hypertensive individuals. Material and method: The research was carried out through a systematic review within the criteria established by the PRISMA statement. Only studies about blood flow restriction in subjects with arterial hypertension were selected in the following databases: MEDLINE/PUBMED, Web of Science, SCOPUS and SPORTDiscus. Results: Five studies (4 acute and 1 chronic effects ) met the requirements for the present review, with 77 hypertensive individuals. Only one study presented levels of blood pressure above to the recommended for hypertensive subjects. Conclusion: Even though the number of studies is still insufficient to conclude about the efficacy, the results allow concluding that resistance training with blood flow restriction is a safe alternative of exercise method to hypertensive subjects, especially for those with intolerance to high training loads.
Antioxidant effect of Abelmoschus Esculentus against acetaminophen-induced nephrotoxicity: an experimental study
Authors: Bekdas Mervan , Yoldas Arzu Meyri , Danıs Aysegul , Duzcu Selma Erdogan , Alisik Murat , Cetinkaya Ayhan , Kocabey Huseyin , Turel Idris , Dilek Mustafa , Dincel Gokce Kaya
Published: August 2022

Acetaminophen(APAP) intoxication is an important cause of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. N-acetylcysteine(NAC) is used in the treatment, but it has some serious side effects. Abelmoschus esculentus(AE) has various benefits as well as antioxidant effects. This study aims to investigate the effect of AE in APAP-induced acute nephrotoxicity. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five equal groups: Control, AE, APAP, APAP+AE, and APAP+AE+NAC. Significant changes were observed in serum levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin(NGAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule-1(KIM-1) after induction with APAP. NGAL and KIM-1 in the AE group remained low compared to those receiving APAP (p=0.022 and p0.001, respectively). When the APAP group was compared with the AE and AE+NAC groups, it was found that even the administration of AE alone significantly decreased NGAL and KIM-1(p=0.036 vs.p=0.029 and p0.001 vs. p0.001, respectively), these results were attributed to the effects of AE on reducing MDA and increasing SOD. Histopathological studies also confirmed these results. These results demonstrated that AE had protective and therapeutic effects on APAP-induced nephrotoxicity. This benefit of AE is due to its antioxidant effect. In addition, AE may also increase the regenerative capacity of the kidney, which APAP reduces.
Ferrocarriles suburbanos de pasajeros en América Latina: banco de datos, caracterización, indicadores y benchmarks
Authors: Kohon Jorge
Published: August 2022

Se denominan servicios ferroviarios de pasajeros suburbanos a los que se prestan entre el centro de una ciudad cabecera mediana a grande y sus suburbios y otras ciudades cercanas, movilizando volúmenes muy importantes de pasajeros que en general viajan diariamente en servicios que tienen menos de 100 km entre estaciones extremas. Son siete los países de la región que cuentan con servicios ferroviarios de pasajeros suburbanos: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Costa Rica, México, Uruguay y Venezuela. De ellos, resultan relevantes en el desempeño de cinco de las grandes áreas metropolitanas de América Latina: San Pablo, Río de Janeiro y Belo Horizonte en Brasil; Buenos Aires en Argentina; y Ciudad de México (CDMX) en ese país. En otras 14 ciudades de la región (de Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Costa Rica y Venezuela) poseen un rol menor pero también realizan aportes a la calidad de vida y la reducción de la congestión. Por sus efectos positivos en cuanto a la reducción de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, el transporte ferroviario de pasajeros es fundamental para apoyar la descarbonización del sector, contribuyendo así a la mitigación del Cambio Climático, uno de los pilares fundamentales de la Visión 2025 del BID: Reinvertir en las Américas. En sólo tres ciudades de la región los servicios se prestan mediante verdaderas redes ferroviarias, con múltiples líneas accediendo a diversas zonas de sus respectivas áreas metropolitanas: en San Pablo y Río de Janeiro en Brasil, y en Buenos Aires en Argentina. En las restantes, se trata de sistemas que tienen hasta dos líneas con menos de 100 kilómetros de extensión total. Aun así, en alguno de estos casos poseen relevancia en el movimiento de los pasajeros de sus respetivas áreas de influencia directa: son los casos de Belo Horizonte en Brasil y CDMX; en un nivel menor, los de Santiago y Valparaíso, ambos en Chile. Todos los datos acerca de los indicadores y benchmarks que se presentan en este documento se encuentran contenidos en la “Base de datos de ferrocarriles suburbanos en América Latina”. Se obtuvieron 56 indicadores y benchmarks para cada servicio, agrupados en 11 grandes temáticas. De estos, en este documento se revisa y compara los 14 índices más relevantes y que aportan información estratégica sobre los servicios y las empresas. Esa información permite, por un lado, entender la dimensión y características del nivel de actividad de cada uno de ellos, y por otro, mediante los benchmarks conocer la eficiencia operativa-financiera de su desempeño al compararlos con sus ferrocarriles pares (“peers”). Cabe mencionar que el documento no busca calificar ni valorizar ni juzgar mejores o peores desempeños empresariales, sino explicitarlos. Con el objetivo de hacer más comparables y graficables los indicadores y benchmarks, los distintos operadores fueron agrupados en función de la demanda anual que trasladaron en 2018.
Metodología para calcular el índice técnico de caminabilidad sensible al género
Authors: Sabino Leticia , Tini Bibiana , Sato Bruna , Farias Douglas , Pitombo Fernanda
Published: August 2022

Este documento presenta una metodología para evaluar de forma técnica y objetiva la calidad del entorno construido para desplazarse a pie con una perspectiva de género. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un índice que permite evaluar los elementos del entorno construido a través de atributos mensurables, que pueden ser analizados por hombres y mujeres con formación y experiencia en urbanismo, arquitectura, movilidad y diseño urbano. La metodología permite la evaluación de las rutas y calles, a través del análisis de 23 variables estructuradas en las siguientes categorías: (i) aceras, (ii) conectividad, (iii) seguridad vial, (iv) fachadas y edificaciones, (v) confort y mobiliario, y (vi) señalización. Finalmente, es importante destcar que esta metodología no refleja la experiencia de caminar de mujeres y niñas, es decir, la sensación de miedo, la violencia simbólica y otros aspectos importantes al momento de evaluar si la ciudad es amigable para ellas.