bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STISS—the Styrian injury surveillance system- a hospital database on injuries to support safe community work
Authors: Peter Spitzer , Gudula Brandmayr , Kleine Grosse Schützen
Published: October 2012

Background

A vital condition for the recommendation of rules for efficient accident prevention is an exact analysis of the circumstances in order to be able to identify the parameters involved. Only then it is possible to draw efficient conclusions for accident prevention in a Safe Community.

Aims/Objectives/Purpose

A hospital injury data base is fundamental to lay grass roots in local and community based injury prevention work. Therefor is necessary to identify workable processes collecting detailed data and to develop a data set which is match able to the hospital documentation system.

Methods

To show the injury rate, the place and circumstances of the accidents an additional multilevel data set was developed and integrated in the medical documentation system of the hospital. To introduce such injury surveillance system it is fundamental to convince the doctors in the hospital and the parents that such few minutes spent on collecting accident data could be very helpful for their neighbours in the same living area to avoid accidents.

Results/Outcome

With our hospital based injury surveillance system we are able to identify local problem areas and this just in time. So specific preventive measures can be taken and intervention programmes developed.

An enlargement of this data surveillance system beyond the juvenile age will cover problems of all age groups and lead to a significant reduction of injured people caused by accidents in a specific region.

Significance/Contribution to the Field

The analysis of accidents in a local hospital is very important to identify dangerous sites and risky areas at a community level. Together with an efficient network of experts the data can be analysed and countermeasures can be taken in action immediately. It is a service of a health promoting hospital with local effect immediately and noticeable.
Assessment survey on knowledge of traffic law—Jujuy—Argentina—year 2011
Authors: Chalabe AM , Zumbay BE , Leinecker LE
Published: October 2012

Introduction

Injuries are a problem of transport municipal health. Since the creation of Sentinel Injury Unit working in schools and community training, evaluating population-based survey results with knowledge of the Traffic Act.

Objectives

To validate the survey on Traffic Law. CIasificar groups of people and points that require treatment.

Methods

A multiple correspondence analysis on surveys conducted by using the Softawre SPADN 4.0. Variables: gender, age, condition, knowledge of minimum age, safety features, requirements, prohibitions and limits established by the National Traffic Law.

Results

Of a total of 795 surveys conducted in August 2011, there was a cluster analysis with hierarchical classification, and according to the dendrogram were chosen in April the following classes: CLASS 1: 27.04%, pedestrians, sex women (72%), with ignorance of the overtaking vehicle rules, circulation, obligations in case of accidents, road safety, bans, among others. CLASS 2:10.57% cyclists, with cat's eye as a safety, they know minimum age requirements and limits for the road and ignore rules (60, 71%), CLASS 3: 18.36%, vehicle motorcycle age 12–21 years, with 89.8% use case, 34% do not know minimum age, CLASS 4: 44.03% male, 32–52 years in motor vehicle, drivers who know rules and prohibitions for driving (53.2%).

Importance/Contribution in the Field

This type of analysis allows us to classify the groups to specifically target, allowing suggest specific actions in prevention. This analysis allows to suggest hypotheses to explain and propose policy interventions.
What do we understand by undetermined intention deaths? Injuries patterns' intentionality identification
Authors: Clotilde Ubeda , Mariana Galante , Andrea Perinetti , Raquel Peltzer
Published: October 2012

Background

There are around 19 000 fatal injuries annually in Argentina. Since 1983, deaths due to self inflicted (SI) injuries were more frequent than Interpersonal (IP) fatal injuries. However around 12–14% of injuries were classified under Undetermined intention (UD).

Objective

To identify characteristics of undetermined causes of deaths and to describe the relationship between the mechanism of injury by age and sex associated with intentionality of the event.

Methods

Data on mortality health statistics from 1996 to 2010 were used (N=125 832). Included Mechanism were: Falls, Drowning, Other threats to breathing (OTB), Fire, Firearm, Sharp object (SO), Machinery, Gases, Pesticides, Other poisons (OP). A factorial analysis of multiple correspondences and cluster analysis with one mixed classification and centroid was made. Active variables: age, sex, mechanism, occurrence place. Illustrative variables: intentionality.

Results

The five first axes were conserved (36.75% of the inertia). A global typology was obtained in five classes which non exclusive characteristic modalities were:

Class1 (N=41 870): Firearm, SO, OP; 10–50-years-old; Street, Unspecified place; IP or UD. Class2 (N=7781): Falls, Gases; Female; older than 60 years; Home; Unintentional (U). Class3 (N=43 596): OTB, Gases; Male; older than 40 years; Home; (SI). Class4 (N=17 262): Fire, OP; younger than 10 or older than 60-years-old; Unspecified place; (U). Class5 (N=9966): Drowning; Male; younger than 20 years; Other specified place; (U). 57% of UD was in class1, and 20% in class3 (p<0.0001)

Conclusions

The redistribution of undetermined causes of death according the injury mechanism, age and sex could be useful to obtain more accurate information of specified intentional deaths.
Intervention to improve the quantity and quality of medical data on intentional injuries provided to the Liberian armed violence observatory
Authors: Collinson L , Winnington A , Valenti M
Published: October 2012

Background

The Liberian Armed Violence Observatory (LAVO) was formed as an independent body that gathers, analyses and reports on armed violence data in Liberia. The Liberian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare is a key data provider to the LAVO, supplying Emergency Department (ED) data from several hospitals in Monrovia. Research indicates a large number of Liberians are being injured by violence, but only a small number are recorded in the hospital records.

Purpose

To improve the quantity and quality of data from hospitals on intentional injuries reported to LAVO.

Methods

International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW) designed and implemented in three Liberian hospitals a data collection tool to capture intentional injuries seen in the EDs. The tool is simple to use—a small sticker that creates a space on the patient's file to record answers to questions routinely asked during the collection of the patient history. The tool does not delay patient treatment or negatively impact the functioning of the ED. The intent is that the data is transferred regularly to the ED attendance register, collated, and faxed monthly to LAVO.

Results

Currently the data collection system is being trialled in three hospitals in Liberia but has not been fully implemented. IPPNW staff will aim to improve the quantity and quality of data collected in an on-site audit planned for August 2012.

Significance

Lack of regular reporting by hospitals to LAVO on intentional injuries prevents the formulation of fully informed evidence-based violence prevention programmes and policies.
The lifetime history of traumatic Brain injury and associated outcomes: a state-wide population-based survey
Authors: Whiteneck G , Cuthbert J , Corrigan J , Bogner J
Published: October 2012

Background

The number of non-hospitalised cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI) exceeds hospitalised cases, and the extent of disability following non-hospitalised TBI is unknown.

Aims/Objectives/Purpose

Document the lifetime history of TBI in a general population survey and assess the relationship of lifetime TBI severity to outcomes.

Methods

A total of 2701 Coloradoans participated in a random-digit-dialed computer assisted telephone interview. Using an adaptation of the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method, a lifetime history of injury was collected with details about the severity and place of treatment; brief standardised measures assessed current health status, disability, and related outcomes.

Results/Outcomes

Respondents were categorised into four injury groups: 24% reported no lifetime injuries, 37% reported injuries but none including TBI, 14% reported one or more TBIs but none with loss of consciousness, and 24% reported one or more TBIs with loss of consciousness. Among those reporting TBI, 24% reported their most severe TBI was treated in a hospital, 38% reported emergency department treatment, 12% were seen in a physician's office or clinic, and 25% stated they did not seek medical attention. After controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and place of treatment, the four injury groups were significant predictors of cognitive impairment, post concussive symptoms, health status, and life satisfaction.

Significance/Contribution to the Field

Substantial numbers of the general population (38%) report having one or more TBIs during their lifetime, but only 24% report being hospitalised. Prior estimates of disability after TBI based on hospitalised cases are likely underestimates.
Exploring links between state health department capacity for injury and violence prevention and health outcomes: a look at the Core VIPP evaluation plan
Authors: Jessica A Hill , Shenée Reid , Christopher Jones , Howard Kress , Porter Jamila , Andrea Gielen , Amber Williams
Published: October 2012

Background

Injuries are the leading cause of death for individuals 1–44-years-old in the USA. In 2011, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded 28 state health departments (SHDs) through the Core Injury and Violence Prevention Programme (Core VIPP). Core VIPP supports SHDs to build injury and violence prevention (IVP) capacity to disseminate, implement, and evaluate evidence-informed programmes and policies. Though SHDs received core funding previously, new to this funding cycle is an enhanced focus on evaluating capacity-building and exploring the relationship between capacity-building and improved health outcomes.

Aims/Objectives/Purpose

This poster will discuss approaches to tracking capacity-building activities, measuring resulting increases in IVP capacity, and monitoring progress towards health outcomes.

Methods

The Core VIPP evaluation is formative and summative evaluation. Unique tools were developed to measure grantees' capacity-building progress, including a biennial survey that will measure changes in IVP capacity over time. Additional tools help grantees identify health outcome objectives and track their progress toward these goals.

Results/Outcome

The Core VIPP evaluation provides structure for data collection and analysis and reporting. Ultimately, the evaluation seeks to report on SHD IVP capacity, SHD progress towards health outcomes, and what the data suggest about the link between capacity-building and achieving health outcomes.

Significance/Contribution to the Field

Many public health projects focus on building organisational capacity. The Core VIPP evaluation offers a model for linking activities to measurable increases in capacity over time, as well as approaches to exploring the link between increased capacity and improved health outcomes.
Use of Geographic information systems in the watch area injury versus programmatic Jujuy—Argentina
Authors: Chalabe AM , Zumbay BE , Leinecker LE , Chalabe SA
Published: October 2012

Introduction

With high rates of accidents was a need to link the accident with the space, geographical variables entering the hospital information system to identify risk factors by geographic area.

Objectives

To distinguish geographic areas with higher risk of events. Develop an integrated information system for decision making.

Methods

The intervention was developed in four stages: training, database preparation, implementation of the GIS (Geographic Information System) to interrelate spatial analysis of risk factors and health effects. Was performed with gvSIG 1.11 (free software) with bases fragmentary provincial Land Registry. Were added: (a) Road Injuries identifying environmental risk factors and individual, (b) Intentional injuries person to person conducting periodic assessments in conjunction with local police, and identification of susceptible population, with ‘action scenarios’ and construction of ‘crime map’ municipality as interagency, ONGs, Security analysis being the essential input for the reorientation of preventive actions.

Results

The implementation of a GIS allowed the integration of information from a spatial approach to enhancing risk analysis processes and decision making, reducing the morbidity of road traffic injuries and intentional injuries by strengthening prevention and health promotion.

Importance/Contribution in the Field

The recognition of risk factors, assumes the redirection of existing resources achieving specific social and health interventions that tend to reduce or eliminate these factors.
Evaluation of an electronic emergency department-based geo-information injury surveillance system in Hong Kong
Authors: Chow CB
Published: October 2012

To evaluate Emergency department-based geo-information injury surveillance (IS) system using guidelines from WHO and Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). According to criteria of WHO IS guidelines and CDC checklists of public health surveillance system, the process and utilisation on data collected by electronic emergency-based geo-information injury system in 2009 was evaluated. References were also taken from policy briefing on IS: a health policy priority from EuroSafe (2009) and evaluation framework for IS systems developed by Mitchellet al(2008). Results were analysed according to WHO IS attributes: sensitivity, reliability, timeliness, simplicity, acceptability, flexibility and utilisation. And evaluated using CDC checklists of public health surveillance system: (a) Engage stakeholders in evaluation; (b) Evaluation of IS system according to public health importance, purpose, operation system and available resources; (c) Focus on evaluation design; (d) Credible evidence regarding performance of IS system; (e) Justify, state conclusions and make recommendations; and (f) Ensure use of evaluation findings and share lessons learned. The use of Geographic Information System helped to identify high risk/clustering of injuries, in developing specific interventions based on locations, mechanisms and high risk groups. It is feasible to develop IS system that satisfies largely WHO and CDC guidelines. Geo-spatial is a powerful tool for analysis and presentation of injury information for planning and implementation of safety promotion and injury prevention strategies.
ACTION-ANGLE VARIABLES FOR THE PARTICLE NEAR EXTREME KERR THROAT
Authors: BELLUCCI STEFANO , NERSESSIAN ARMEN , YEGHIKYAN VAHAGN
Published: October 2012

We construct the action-angle variables for the spherical part of conformal mechanics describing the motion of a particle near extreme Kerr throat. We indicate the existence of the critical point |pφ| = mc R Sch (with m being the mass of the particle, c denoting the speed of light, [Formula: see text] being the Schwarzschild radius of a black hole with mass M, and γ denoting the gravitational constant), where these variables are expressed in elementary functions. Out from this point the action-angle variables are defined by the elliptic integrals. The proposed formulation allows one to easily reconstruct the whole dynamics of the particle both in initial coordinates, as well as in the so-called conformal basis, where the Hamiltonian takes the form of conventional non-relativistic conformal mechanics. The related issues, such as semiclassical quantization and supersymmetrization are also discussed.
GATE-CONTROLLED RASHBA SPIN–ORBIT INTERACTION INTENSITY IN SEMICONDUCTOR HETEROSTRUCTURES
Authors: HUANG SHIU-MING
Published: October 2012

In order to realize the spin-polarized field-effect-transistor, a controllable spin–orbit interaction is necessary. Two kinds of spin–orbit interaction, Dresselhaus and Rashba spin–orbit interaction, in semiconductor heterostructures have been widely discussed and investigated in terms of both theories and experiments. Dresselhaus and Rashba spin–orbit interaction mainly comes from the lack of inversion symmetry and effective electric field inside the quantum well, respectively. Many experimental investigations show that external voltages affect the carrier concentration of reservoirs, wavefunction distribution in the quantum well and the conduction band profile of the heterostructures. The details of the mechanisms and the efficiency of different effects on the spin–orbit interaction intensity are discussed through different structures and materials. The results show that an increase in carrier concentration or a decrease in gate voltage enhances the Rashba spin–orbit interaction intensity. On the other hand, the wavefunction penetration is the other important mechanism that affects the Rashba spin–orbit interaction intensity. The carrier concentration asymmetry factor strongly affects the efficiency of the external gate voltage on the Rashba spin–orbit interaction intensity.
STOCHASTIC RESONANCE IN A TIME-DELAYED BISTABLE SYSTEM WITH COLORED COUPLING BETWEEN NOISE TERMS
Authors: LUO XIAOQIN , WU DAN , ZHU SHIQUN
Published: October 2012

The phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) in a time-delayed bistable system with colored coupling between multiplicative and additive noise terms is investigated. The SR can be induced by the multiplicative noise, the time delay and the coupling strength between noise terms. Meanwhile, the SR is affected by the initial condition of the system.
EXACT WAVEFUNCTION OF THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL DOUBLE-EXCHANGE MODEL WITH ONE ELECTRON
Authors: NAKANO KYOHEI , EDER ROBERT , OHTA YUKINORI
Published: October 2012

We study the one-dimensional double-exchange model with L localized spins and one mobile electron. We solve the Schrödinger equation analytically and obtain the energies and wavefunctions for all the eigenstates with spin S = (l-1)/2 exactly. As an application, we compute the single-particle Green's function. We show that, for vanishing exchange interactions between localized spins, the single-particle spectrum is entirely incoherent and the lowest band has an infinite band mass, i.e., the single electron is localized due to its interaction with the spin excitations. For nonvanishing exchange interactions between localized spins, the lower edge of the spectrum acquires a dispersion but the spectrum remains incoherent with no well-defined quasiparticle peak.
EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE ON THE CRYSTALLINITY AND BAND EDGE LUMINESCENCE OF ZnO THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION
Authors: ZHANG D. , WANG C. Z. , ZHANG F. X.
Published: October 2012

Zinc oxide films were deposited on silicon substrates by reactive pulsed laser deposition of zinc target. The effect of substrate temperatures on the crystal and band edge luminescence was studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectra. All the films deposited in the substrate temperatures range from room temperature to 600°C exhibited strong c-axis orientation. The preferred orientation of crystal changed with substrate temperature increase, due to the preferential nucleation at lower temperatures and surface diffusion at higher temperatures. The detailed micro-structural analysis indicated a tensile stress in all the films using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra. It is interesting that the film deposited at 350°C, which exhibited best crystallinity quality in the X-ray diffraction, rocking curve and the best stoichiometry, less defects in Raman spectra, does not show the most intense UV emission and weakest visible emission. The most intense UV emission was exhibited in the films deposited at 500°C which had the equiaxed grain size.
DESIGN OF THE N-SIDED REGULAR POLYGONAL TRANSPARENT DEVICE USING METAMATERIALS
Authors: YANG JING-JING , HUANG MING , MU SHU-JUAN , CHENG SAI , WANG MENG , TANG HAO
Published: October 2012

Based on the coordinate transformation method, we derived the material parameters for arbitrary N-sided regular polygonal transparent device, which is an important device for antenna protection. The electric field distributions of the device under TE wave and cylindrical wave irradiation are simulated using the finite element solver COMSOL Multiphysics. It shows that although the incident waves are distorted in the transformation region, they return to the original wavefronts when passing through the transformation region. The results of full-wave simulations validate the material parameters for the N-sided regular polygonal transparent device we derived.
PARTIALLY BLIND SIGNATURES BASED ON QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
Authors: CAI XIAO-QIU , NIU HUI-FANG
Published: October 2012

In a partially blind signature scheme, the signer explicitly includes pre-agreed common information in the blind signature, which can improve the availability and performance. We present a new partially blind signature scheme based on fundamental properties of quantum mechanics. In addition, we analyze the security of this scheme, and show it is not possible to forge valid partially blind signatures. Moreover, the comparisons between this scheme and those based on public-key cryptography are also discussed.
NONLINEAR STATE OBSERVER DESIGN FOR PROJECTIVE SYNCHRONIZATION OF FRACTIONAL-ORDER PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
Authors: LIU LING , LIANG DELIANG , LIU CHONGXIN , ZHANG QUN
Published: October 2012

In this paper, a nonlinear state observer control strategy is developed for projective self-synchronization of the fractional-order chaotic attractors of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system. The mathematical model of PMSM system in a smooth fractional-order form is derived by using the fractional derivative theory. A state observer control design can achieve the full-state projective synchronization of the fractional-order PMSM (FO-PMSM) system without the limitation of partial-linearity. Global stability and asymptotic synchronization between the outputs of drive system and response system can be obtained. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
AB INITIO STUDY OF STRUCTURAL, ELECTRONIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MgxCd1-xX (X = S, Se, Te) ALLOYS
Authors: NOOR N. A. , SHAUKAT A.
Published: October 2012

This study describes structural, electronic and optical properties of Mg x Cd 1-x X (X = S, Se, Te) alloys in the complete range 0≤x ≤1 of composition x in the zinc-blende (ZB) phase with the help of full-potential linearized augmented plane wave plus local orbitals (FP-LAPW+lo) method within density functional theory (DFT). In order to calculate total energy, generalized gradient approximation (Wu–Cohen GGA) has been applied, which is based on optimization energy. For electronic structure calculations, the corresponding potential is being optimized by Engel–Vosko GGA formalism. Our calculations reveal the nonlinear variation of lattice constant and bulk modulus with different concentration for the end binary and their ternary alloys, which slightly deviates from Vegard's law. The calculated band structures show a direct band gap for all three alloys with increasing order in the complete range of the compositional parameter x. In addition, we have discussed the disorder parameter (gap bowing) and concluded that the total band gap bowing is substantially influenced by the chemical (electronegativity) contribution. The calculated density of states (DOS) of these alloys is discussed in terms of contribution from various s-, p- and d-states of the constituent atoms and charge density distributions plots are analyzed. Optical properties have been presented in the form of the complex dielectric function ε(ω), refractive index n(ω) and extinction coefficient k(ω) as function of the incident photon energy, and the results have been compared with existing experimental data and other theoretical calculations.
INTEGRABLE COUPLINGS OF SUPER KAUP–NEWELL EQUATION HIERARCHY
Authors: JI JIE , SUN YE-PENG , ZHANG JIAN-BING
Published: October 2012

In this letter, hierarchies of super Kaup–Newell equation are derived, including positive nonisospectral and negative nonisospectral super Kaup–Newell hierarchy, the integrable coupling positive nonisospectral and negative nonisospectral super Kaup–Newell hierarchy.
RAMAN SCATTERING IN IRON-BASED SUPERCONDUCTORS
Authors: ZHANG A. M. , ZHANG Q. M.
Published: October 2012

Iron-based superconducting layered compounds have the second highest transition temperature after cuprate superconductors. Their discovery is a milestone in the history of high-temperature superconductivity and will have profound implications for high-temperature superconducting mechanism as well as industrial applications. Raman scattering has been extensively applied to correlated electron systems including the new superconductors due to its unique ability to probe multiple primary excitations and their coupling. In this review, we will give a brief summary of the existing Raman experiments in the iron-based materials and their implications for pairing mechanism in particular. And we will also address some open issues from the experiments.
INFLUENCE OF AN EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELD ON THE DYNAMICS OF A NEW-PHASE NUCLEUS IN THE VICINITY OF THE FIRST-ORDER PHASE TRANSITION IN MAGNETS WITH DEFECTS PRESENT
Authors: NAZAROV VLADIMIR , SHAFEEV RISHAT
Published: October 2012

Theoretically, with the aid of a soliton model, the evolution of a new-phase nucleus near the first-order spin-reorientation phase transition in magnets has been investigated in an external magnetic field. The influence of an external field and one-dimensional defects of magnetic anisotropy on the dynamics of such nucleus has been demonstrated. The conditions for the localization of the new-phase nucleus in the region of the magnetic anisotropy defect and for its escape from the defect have been determined. The values of the critical fields which bring about the sample magnetization reversal have been identified and estimated.
THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF VACANCY GIBBS FORMATION ENERGY FOR α-ZIRCONIUM
Authors: DOLOGLOU ELIZABETH
Published: October 2012

In this paper, we show that by using a thermodynamic model which interconnects point defect parameters with bulk elastic and expansivity data, we successfully estimate the temperature dependence of the Gibbs energy for vacancy formation in α-zirconium. Based on the recent elastic data, the model leads to the values of the ratio of the formation entropy over formation enthalpy, at various temperatures, that compare well with reported ones.
NUMERICAL STUDY OF NANOPHOTOLYSIS APPROACH FOR BREAST CANCER
Authors: ASHIQ M. G. B. , SAEED M. A. , IBRAHIM NOORDDIN , SHAHID M. , TAHIR B. A.
Published: October 2012

Laser based cancer therapy of gold nanoparticles targeted breast tumor is an effective modality to kill cancer cells selectively without affecting healthy tissues. Nanophotolysis approach for selective smash up the breast cancer cells is used in the present study. Different parameters concerning nanophotolysis, such as the energy of nanobullets, velocity of the shock front, Coulomb pressure and nanosecond short pulse duration with absorption depth of gold foil have been discussed in detail. Results are suitable for breast tumor size 0.022 cm which approximately exists near the armpit of women.
THE HALL CONDUCTIVITY OF A DOPED GRAPHENE IN A QUANTIZING MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: BELONENKO MIKHAIL B. , PAK ANASTASIA V. , ZHUKOV ALEXANDER V. , BOUFFANAIS ROLAND
Published: October 2012

In this paper we study the electron energy spectrum corresponding to Landau levels in doped graphene when an external magnetic field is applied in the direction normal to the graphene planar sheet. The derived dispersion relation for the electrons in the doped graphene allows us to determine the dependence of the electrical conductivity on the applied magnetic field. This relationship between electrical conductivity and applied magnetic field is further analyzed for different characteristics of the impurities; specifically the potential of hybridization and the energy of the adsorbed atom.
SUB- AND SUPER-POISSONIAN NOISE IN SI QUANTUM DOTS USING FULLY SELF-CONSISTENT 3D SIMULATION
Authors: TALBO VINCENT , QUERLIOZ DAMIEN , RETAILLEAU SYLVIE , DOLLFUS PHILIPPE
Published: October 2012

The 3D Monte Carlo simulation of an Si dot-based double-tunnel junction shows not only the possibility of shot noise suppression down to the Fano factor of 0.5, but also of super-Poissonian noise. The counting statistics of the tunneling events provides a clear interpretation of the different noise regimes according to the balance between the different tunneling rates involved.
APPROXIMATE BIHOMOMORPHISMS AND BIDERIVATIONS IN 3-LIE ALGEBRAS
Authors: SHOKRI JAVAD , EBADIAN ALI , AGHALARI RASOUL
Published: October 2012

We prove the generalized Hyers–Ulam stability of mapping on normed spaces for the following 2-dimensional quadratic functional equation: [Formula: see text] Then we apply the results for investigating the stability of bihomomorphisms and biderivations on normed 3-Lie algebras.
ON THE INSTANTON MODULI SPACES OF NEGATIVE DIMENSIONS
Authors: CARTAS-FUENTEVILLA R.
Published: October 2012

It is shown that if the contribution of flat connections on the dimension of the moduli spaces of Yang–Mills instantons and anti-instantons is appropriately taken into the account, then the inadmissible cases of negative dimensions may be reduced to zero-dimensional moduli spaces, corresponding to a collection of points, and whose counting will correspond to the Donaldson invariant of the base manifold. These results will lead to a possible description of that invariant in terms of flat connections with diverse applications, for example for testing the conjecture on its equivalence to the Seiberg–Witten invariant, and for the study of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the gauge/gravity duality.
DRESSING-MODULAR VECTOR FIELD OF POISSON–LIE GROUP
Authors: BENMOULOUD S. , MANSOURI M. W. , SBAI S. M.
Published: October 2012

We show that on any Poisson–Lie group, the effect of the dressing vector fields on volume forms generates a class on Poisson cohomology. The comparison with the modular class give rise to a complete Poisson vector field related to the modular group.
INVOLUTION IN QUANTIZED ENDOMORPHISM BUNDLE AND REALITY OF NONCOMMUTATIVE GRAVITY ACTIONS
Authors: DOBRSKI MICHAŁ
Published: October 2012

It is shown that for arbitrary connection in the vector bundle compatible with some Hermitian metric, the corresponding Fedosov trace functional commutes with involution generated by this metric. This result is then used to prove that certain noncommutative gravity actions are real in all powers of deformation parameter.
THE RIEMANN ZETA FUNCTION AS AN EQUIVARIANT DIRAC INDEX
Authors: SPERA MAURO
Published: October 2012

In this note an interpretation of Riemann's zeta function is provided in terms of an ℝ-equivariant L2-index of a Dirac–Ramond type operator, akin to the one on (mean zero) loops in flat space constructed by the present author and T. Wurzbacher. We build on the formal similarity between Euler's partitio numerorum function (the S1-equivariant L2-index of the loop space Dirac–Ramond operator) and Riemann's zeta function. Also, a Lefschetz–Atiyah–Bott interpretation of the result together with a generalization to M. Lapidus' fractal membranes are also discussed. A fermionic Bost–Connes type statistical mechanical model is presented as well, exhibiting a "phase transition at (inverse) temperature β = 1", which also holds for some "well-behaved" g-prime systems in the sense of Hilberdink–Lapidus.
DEMONSTRATING THE SYNERGY BETWEEN CAC AND SCHEDULING IN WIRELESS NETWORKS
Authors: PILEGGI PAOLO , IAZEOLLA GIUSEPPE , KRITZINGER PIETER
Published: October 2012

Wireless technology is now an integral part of communication network infrastructure. From their first beginnings, such as connection-oriented General System Mobile networks for voice traffic only and connectionless wireless local area networks for data traffic, new generation wireless networks are connection-oriented and provide differentiated services to the user. With the arrival of more sophisticated services and mobility, have arisen the need for Connection Admission Control and traffic scheduling in the network to enhance the quality of experience (QoE) of the user and optimizing the revenue in dynamic workload environments. A great deal of research effort has gone into the study of the performance of one such network standard, namely the IEEE 802.16 networks. Most optimization studies focus on scheduling (a very mature subject in computing) and ignore connection admission (a very mature subject in telephone engineering) or vice versa. In this paper we claim that one should not study the two in isolation and provide empirical evidence to prove our claim.
A FAST STOCKPILE SIMULATION ENGINE AND ITS APPLICATION IN MINERAL ORE HANDLING
Authors: LU TIEN-FU , XU SHIHONG
Published: October 2012

This paper presents structures and principles of a fast stockpile simulation engine that enhances automatic material process by providing accurate digital information of material quality distribution within stockpiles. Compared with traditional measurement-based approaches, our simulation technology reduces operation cost by eliminating frequent physical measuring; improves operation accuracy through all-time whole-area contour simulation (instead of measuring a few positions of material layers now and then); and speeds the process through fast simulation and instant response to quality information query. Based on simplified grain dynamics and cellular automata models, the technology can achieve real-time/super-real-time simulation, which is critical to be adopted by the industry. Application of the technology in analyzing mineral ores handling is also discussed.
Embryologic Association of Tornwaldt's Cyst with Cerebral Artery Abnormalities and Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Osborn Michael F. , Buchanan Benjamin K. , Akle Nassim , Badr Ahmed , Zhang Jun
Published: October 2012

Background and Purpose. Tornwaldt's cysts are rare nasopharyngeal lesions that develop from remnants of the embryonic notochord.Summary of Case. We reported a twelve-year-old female stroke patient with Tornwaldt's cysts, whose father also suffered a stroke at age fifty two with the presence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, suggesting a genetic influence in this case.Conclusions. This paper suggests an etiologic connection between Tornwaldt's cysts and cerebral vasculature abnormalities by way of notochordal dysfunction during development, likely the result of perturbation of notochord-derived molecular cues during development or biogenesis.
Artificial Specific Binders Directly Recovered from Chemically Modified Nucleic Acid Libraries
Authors: Kasahara Yuuya , Kuwahara Masayasu
Published: October 2012

Specific binders comprised of nucleic acids, that is, RNA/DNA aptamers, are attractive functional biopolymers owing to their potential broad application in medicine, food hygiene, environmental analysis, and biological research. Despite the large number of reports on selection of natural DNA/RNA aptamers, there are not many examples of direct screening of chemically modified nucleic acid aptamers. This is because of (i) the inferior efficiency and accuracy of polymerase reactions involving transcription/reverse-transcription of modified nucleotides compared with those of natural nucleotides, (ii) technical difficulties and additional time and effort required when using modified nucleic acid libraries, and (iii) ambiguous efficacies of chemical modifications in binding properties until recently; in contrast, the effects of chemical modifications on biostability are well studied using various nucleotide analogs. Although reports on the direct screening of a modified nucleic acid library remain in the minority, chemical modifications would be essential when further functional expansion of nucleic acid aptamers, in particular for medical and biological uses, is considered. This paper focuses on enzymatic production of chemically modified nucleic acids and their application to random screenings. In addition, recent advances and possible future research are also described.
Stable Plastid Transformation for High-Level Recombinant Protein Expression: Promises and Challenges
Authors: Gao Meili , Li Yongfei , Xue Xiaochang , Wang Xianfeng , Long Jiangang
Published: October 2012

Plants are a promising expression system for the production of recombinant proteins. However, low protein productivity remains a major obstacle that limits extensive commercialization of whole plant and plant cell bioproduction platform. Plastid genetic engineering offers several advantages, including high levels of transgenic expression, transgenic containment via maternal inheritance, and multigene expression in a single transformation event. In recent years, the development of optimized expression strategies has given a huge boost to the exploitation of plastids in molecular farming. The driving forces behind the high expression level of plastid bioreactors include codon optimization, promoters and UTRs, genotypic modifications, endogenous enhancer and regulatory elements, posttranslational modification, and proteolysis. Exciting progress of the high expression level has been made with the plastid-based production of two particularly important classes of pharmaceuticals: vaccine antigens, therapeutic proteins, and antibiotics and enzymes. Approaches to overcome and solve the associated challenges of this culture system that include low transformation frequencies, the formation of inclusion bodies, and purification of recombinant proteins will also be discussed.
Cerebrovascular Accident Secondary to Paradoxical Embolism Following Arteriovenous Graft Thrombectomy
Authors: Santos Jolina Pamela , Hamadeh Zaher , Ansari Naheed
Published: October 2012

Thrombectomy is a common procedure performed to declot thrombosed dialysis arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or arteriovenous graft (AVG). Complications associated with access thrombectomy like pulmonary embolism have been reported, but paradoxical embolism is extremely rare. We report a case of a 74-year-old black man with past medical history significant for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), atrial fibrillation on anticoagulation with warfarin, who presented to our hospital with lethargy, aphasia, and right-sided hemiparesis following thrombectomy of a clotted AVG. Computed tomography (CT) scan of brain showed a hypodensity within the left posterior parietal lobe. INR was 2.0 on admission. Echocardiogram revealed a normal sized left atrium with no intracardiac thrombus, and bubble study showed the presence of right-to-left shunting. These findings suggest that the stroke occurred as a result of an embolus originating from the AVG. Paradoxical cerebral embolism is uncommon but can occur after thrombectomy of clotted vascular access in ESRD patients. Clinicians and patients should be aware of this serious and potentially fatal complication of vascular access procedure.
Antiepidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibodies: Applications in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Azizi Efat , Kittai Adam , Kozuch Peter
Published: October 2012

Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer have a poor prognosis and present a challenge to clinicians. The role of the antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway in tumorogenesis and tumor progression has been well defined. This paper will review the use of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of operable, as well as metastatic colorectal cancer both in the setting of KRAS mutation unselected patients and later in KRAS wild-type patients. Active investigations designed to further identify predictive biomarkers that may be potentially druggable are reviewed as well.
Asystole after Orthotopic Lung Transplantation: Examining the Interaction of Cardiac Denervation and Dexmedetomidine
Authors: Webb Christopher Allen-John , Weyker Paul David , Flynn Brigid Colleen
Published: October 2012

Dexmedetomidine is anα2-receptor agonist commonly used for sedation and analgesia in ICU patients. Dexmedetomidine is known to provide sympatholysis and also to have direct atrioventricular and sinoatrial node inhibitory effects. In rare instances, orthotopic lung transplantation has been associated with disruption of autonomic innervation of the heart. The combination of this autonomic disruption and dexmedetomidine may be associated with severe bradycardia and/or asystole. Since orthotopic lung transplant patients with parasympathetic denervation will not respond with increased heart rate to anticholinergic therapy, bradyarrhythmias must be recognized and promptly treated with direct acting beta agonists to avoid asystolic cardiac events.
Clinical Use of Aided Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials as a Measure of Physiological Detection or Physiological Discrimination
Authors: Billings Curtis J. , Papesh Melissa A. , Penman Tina M. , Baltzell Lucas S. , Gallun Frederick J.
Published: October 2012

The clinical usefulness of aided cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) remains unclear despite several decades of research. One major contributor to this ambiguity is the wide range of variability across published studies and across individuals within a given study; some results demonstrate expected amplification effects, while others demonstrate limited or no amplification effects. Recent evidence indicates that some of the variability in amplification effects may be explained by distinguishing between experiments that focused on physiological detection of a stimulus versus those that differentiate responses to two audible signals, or physiological discrimination. Herein, we ask if either of these approaches is clinically feasible given the inherent challenges with aided CAEPs. N1 and P2 waves were elicited from 12 noise-masked normal-hearing individuals using hearing-aid-processed 1000-Hz pure tones. Stimulus levels were varied to study the effect of hearing-aid-signal/hearing-aid-noise audibility relative to the noise-masked thresholds. Results demonstrate that clinical use of aided CAEPs may be justified when determining whether audible stimuli are physiologically detectable relative to inaudible signals. However, differentiating aided CAEPs elicited from two suprathreshold stimuli (i.e., physiological discrimination) is problematic and should not be used for clinical decision making until a better understanding of the interaction between hearing-aid-processed stimuli and CAEPs can be established.
Positive Solution for a Class of Boundary Value Problems with Finite Delay
Authors: Wang Hongzhou
Published: October 2012

We study a class of boundary value problems with equation of the form x″(t) + f(t, x(t), x′(t − τ)) = 0. Some sufficient conditions for existence of positive solution are obtained by using the Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem in cones.
Application of Neuro-Wavelet Algorithm in Ultrasonic-Phased Array Nondestructive Testing of Polyethylene Pipelines
Authors: Bohlouli Reza , Rostami Babak , Keighobadi Jafar
Published: October 2012

Polyethylene (PE) pipelines with electrofusion (EF) joining is an essential method of transportation of gas energy. EF joints are weak points for leakage and therefore, Nondestructive testing (NDT) methods including ultrasonic array technology are necessary. This paper presents a practical NDT method of fusion joints of polyethylene piping using intelligent ultrasonic image processing techniques. In the proposed method, to detect the defects of electrofusion joints, the NDT is applied based on an ANN-Wavelet method as a digital image processing technique. The proposed approach includes four steps. First an ultrasonic-phased array technique is used to provide real time images of high resolution. In the second step, the images are preprocessed by digital image processing techniques for noise reduction and detection of ROI (Region of Interest). Furthermore, to make more improvement on the images, mathematical morphology techniques such as dilation and erosion are applied. In the 3rd step, a wavelet transform is used to develop a feature vector containing 3-dimensional information on various types of defects. In the final step, all the feature vectors are classified through a backpropagation-based ANN algorithm. The obtained results show that the proposed algorithms are highly reliable and also precise for NDT monitoring.
Chaos in a Discrete Delay Population Model
Authors: Li Zongcheng , Zhao Qingli , Liang Di
Published: October 2012

This paper is concerned with chaos in a discrete delay population model. The map of the model is proved to be chaotic in the sense of both Devaney and Li‐Yorke under some conditions, by employing the snap‐back repeller theory. Some computer simulations are provided to visualize the theoretical result.
A Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B and Gangliomatosis of Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Shahnazari Banafshe , Aghamaleki Aria , Larijani Bagher , Mohajeri Tehrani Mohammad Reza , Rafati Hasan , Babamahmoodi Abdolreza
Published: October 2012

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is a rare familial syndrome caused by mutations in the RET protooncogene and it is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. The underlying problem for all the MEN syndromes is failure of a tumour suppressor gene. The genetic defect in MEN2 is on chromosome 10 (10q11.2) and has also been identified both for MEN2A and MEN2B. The reported patient is an 18-year-old girl presented with long-term diarrhea and enterocutaneous fistula. Her thyroid nodules, marfanoid habitus and bumpy lips, were also highly suggestive for MEN2B.
New Trends in Dermoscopy to Minimize the Risk of Missing Melanoma
Authors: Lallas Aimilios , Apalla Zoe , Chaidemenos Georgios
Published: October 2012

During the last decades, induction of dermoscopy in the clinical setting resulted in significant modifications in the management of melanocytic lesions. Indeed, the dermatoscope reveals a fascinating world of morphologic structures invisible to the naked eye, adding valuable information to a clinician evaluating a mole. However, since the technique counts only a couple of decades, new research data are continuously gathering and modify the “optimal” management of melanocytic lesions. In the present paper, we summarize the latest trends in dermoscopy concerning early melanoma diagnosis, management of nodular lesions, diagnosis of mucosal melanoma, and digital followup.
Accurate Preoperative Diagnosis of Ovarian Pregnancy with Transvaginal Scan
Authors: Gupta Natasha , Gupta Anu , Onyema Godwin , Pantofel Yelena , Ying Shan-Ching , Garon Jack E. , Lampley Charles , Blankstein Josef
Published: October 2012

Ovarian pregnancy is a rare variant of ectopic pregnancy, and an accurate preoperative diagnosis is very challenging. Dr. Saint Monnissey described the first reported case of ovarian pregnancy in 17th century. Transvaginal ultrasonography is a valuable tool in identifying an ovarian pregnancy from other types of ectopic pregnancies. Management with laparoscopy or laparotomy is required in all cases, and in almost all cases, ovary can be preserved since implantation is usually superficial (Koo et al.; 2011). A single case of an ovarian pregnancy, consistent with Spiegelberg’s criteria is presented here. This case history demonstrates the use of ultrasonography (USG) and surgery in the diagnosis and treatment, respectively, of the ovarian pregnancy. As we step into an era where in vitro fertilization rate is on its hike, one should be aware that incidence of ovarian pregnancy is also increasing, necessitating a high index of suspicion.