bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Open Innovation in Healthcare Ecosystem – a systematic review
Authors: Torab-Miandoab Amir , Samad-Soltani Taha , Rezaei-hachesu Peyman
Published: February 2024

Background: Several countries are facing significant troubles of health services, particularly rising prices. Innovative technologies and services are expected to help boost medical quality and cut costs. In this sense, there is a lack of innovative work in spite of a growing interest in open innovation and approaches that advocate for expanded cooperation among various actors in healthcare.
Objective: This paper describes the findings of a study concerning the commitment of the healthcare sector to open innovation.
Materials and methods: The search for literature focused on English-language papers to 12 January 2020. Based on the indicated criteria for inclusion, 29 articles were included.
Results: Results show that most experiments concentrate on the areas of pharmaceutical research (drug discovery) and health informatics (health information systems and infrastructures) that were brought out as concepts or applied as pilot and prototype.
Conclusions: The participation of the healthcare sector limited in open innovation, and more work is required with an emphasis how to get open innovation.
Prediction of transcription factor binding using epigenomics and genome variation data
Authors:   , Baumgarten Nina
Published: February 2024

A central concern in genetics is to identify mechanisms of transcriptional regulation. The aim is to unravel the mapping between the DNA sequence and gene expression. However, it turned out that this is extremely complex. Gene regulation is highly cell type-specific and even moderate changes in gene ex- pression can have functional consequences. Important contributors to gene regulation are transcription factors (TFs), that are able to directly interact with the DNA. Often, a first step in understanding the effect of a TF on the gene’s regulation is to identify the genomic regions a TF binds to. Therefore, one needs to be aware of the TF’s binding preferences, which are commonly summarized in TF binding motifs. Although for many TFs the binding motif is experimentally validated, there is still a large number of TFs where no binding motif is known. There exist many tools that link TF binding motifs to TFs. We developed the method Massif that improves the performance of such tools by incorporating a domain score that uses the DNA binding domain of the studied TF as additional information. TF binding sites are often enriched in regulatory elements (REMs) such as promoters or enhancers, where the latter can be located megabases away from its target gene. However, to understand the regulation of a gene it is crucial to know where the REMs of a gene are located. We introduced the EpiRegio webserver that holds REMs associated to target genes predicted across many cell types and tissues using STITCHIT, a previously established method. Our publicly available webserver enables to query for REMs associated to genes (gene query) and REMs overlapping genomic regions (region query). We illus- trated the usefulness of EpiRegio by pointing to a TF that occurs enriched in the REMs of differential expressed genes in circPLOD2 depleted pericytes. Further, we highlighted genes, which are affected by CRISPR-Cas induced mutations in non-coding genomic regions using EpiRegio’s region query. Non-coding genetic variants within REMs may alter gene expression by modifying TF binding sites, which can lead to various kinds of traits or diseases. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms, one aims to evaluate the effect of such genetic variations on TF binding sites. We developed an accurate and fast statistical approach, that can assess whether a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is regulatory. Further, we combined this approach with epigenetic data and additional analyses in our Sneep workflow. For instance, it enables to identify TFs whose binding preferences are affected by the analyzed SNPs, which is illustrated on eQTL datasets for different cell types. Additionally, we used our Sneep workflow to highlight cardiovascular disease genes using regulatory SNPs and REM-gene interactions. Overall, the described results allow a better understanding of REM-gene interactions and their interplay with TFs on gene regulation.
A Field Survey of Grapevine Germplasm Susceptible to Eutypa Dieback
Authors: Travadon Renaud , Heinitz Claire , Baumgartner Kendra
Published: February 2024

Eutypa dieback of grapevine is a trunk disease that impacts vineyard productivity worldwide. Grape germplasm is typically evaluated for resistance to Eutypa dieback through controlled inoculations in the greenhouse, although the high level of replication required of this approach (40 plants per genotype) can limit the total number of genotypes evaluated. An alternative approach is to evaluate naturally infected genotypes in the field. We rated the incidence and severity of vines with the diagnostic leaf symptoms of Eutypa dieback and the incidence of mortality among such vines of 973 Vitis vinifera accessions (planted in duplicate) at the US Department of Agriculture, National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Davis, CA, USA, which is maintained as a living collection for grape research. Across 3 years and spanning a total of 5 years (2011, 2013, and 2015), 120 accessions had leaf symptoms in one or more years (“susceptible accessions”). Courbu blanc [Davis Vitis identification tag (DVIT) 2313], Frankenthal blanc (DVIT 2115), and Pinot gris (DVIT 0907) were the only accessions with leaf symptoms each year. Accessions with the most severe leaf symptoms (a rating of 5 points) were Chasselas Napoleon (DVIT 0375) and Queen of the Vineyard (DVIT 0496). We identified susceptible accessions—namely, those related to ‘Chasselas’ and ‘Muscat’—with a shared genetic background, based on a previous single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping effort of the collection. Especially for grapevine, a long-lived perennial that is meant to produce a crop for decades, knowledge of susceptible accessions and their pedigrees can help inform breeding programs and studies on the host response to infection.
Carbohydrates Are Associated with the Flowering Ability of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’
Authors: Lin Hsi , Chang Yao-Chien Alex
Published: February 2024

Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’ is a cut flower crop of high economic value worldwide. The regulation of flowering is important for cut flower production scheduling. However, its flowering transition mechanism is still unclear. Oncidesa usually flowers at the end of the growth cycle for each pseudobulb; this timing is probably related to carbohydrate accumulation. During this study, we investigated the carbohydrates in the pseudobulbs from juvenile plants to adult plants and compared the carbohydrates in flowering and nonflowering adult plants. The current pseudobulb and back pseudobulbs of the plants at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 years after having been moved out of the tissue culture flask were collected. The first pseudobulb formed at 0.5 years, and plants had fulfilled four growth cycles and flowered at 2.0 years. Each successive current shoot grew larger and the back shoot number progressively increased after each new growth cycle. The concentration of total soluble sugars in the current shoot increased from 5.5% of dry weight at 0.5 years to 20.2% of dry weight at 1.5 years. Conversely, the starch concentration decreased in the current pseudobulb as the plants matured. The starch concentration in the back pseudobulbs did not change when the plant grew a new shoot. The starch concentrations in the back pseudobulbs ranged from 33.2% to 57.5% of dry weight, but the combined content of starch in all of the back pseudobulbs increased significantly from 168 mg at 0.5 years to 4608 mg at 2.0 years because of the increasing number of back shoots. The starch in the first back pseudobulb of the nonflowering adult plants accounted for 18.0% of dry weight, which was lower than that of the flowering plants (48.3%). There was no significant difference in total soluble sugars in the current pseudobulb of the nonflowering and flowering plants. Overall, we revealed that the increase in the back shoot number increased the total amount of reserve carbohydrates as the plant reached reproductive maturity. A low starch level was observed in nonflowering adult plants. In both cases, flowering plants had higher starch storage in the back pseudobulbs, suggesting that carbohydrates might regulate the flowering of Oncidesa Gower Ramsey ‘Honey Angel’.
GIS-based floating offshore wind turbine installation site selection using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process in northeast Aegean Sea
Authors:   Yalova University, Altinova Vocational School, Naval Architecture Program, Yalova, Turkey, Erkurtulmus Selahattin Alp , Pesman Emre
Published: February 2024

The ever-increasing consumption of electrical energy due to increasing requirements arising in parallel with the developing technology forces manufactures and users to seek new and environmentally compatible energy resources. Due to it endless energy potential and continuity, wind energy, which has been used by humanity for various purposes for centuries, continues its journey, which started with windmills that transform one form of mechanical energy into another, with offshore wind energy turbines. In this study, installation site selection, which is the first step for floating offshore wind turbine installation, is carried out. First, a Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) is applied to obtain the weights of criteria. Transformed alternatives and criteria in a fuzzy decision matrix through triangular fuzzy numbers are used to obtain a database via a Geographic Information System (GIS). Finally, the installation site and study area are determined. This area is located in the Northeast Aegean Sea, between Çanakkale and Gökçeada, 12 km to the northeast of Gökçeada, and 12 square kilometers. The minimum distance of the area to ship routes is 3000 m, and its minimum distance to fault lines is 2000 m. The average sea depth is 110 m, and the average wind speed is 9.26 m/s (18 knots). With this potential, enough energy can be generated for settlements on Gökçeada and the coastlines.
Recuperación del patrimonio artístico de Cali. La memoria del monumento de los estudiantes de Edgar Negret
Authors: Vicente Alvarez Ana María
Published: February 2024

Por muchos años, el patrimonio artístico de Cali ha carecido de medidas de protección, lo cual ha conducido a que desaparezcan obras con gran valor, como el Monumento a los Estudiantes, del escultor Edgar Negret. La presente investigación indaga sobre la historia de esta, y acerca del contexto social y político que dio pie a su creación y a las condiciones de su pérdida. Reconstruir los hechos permite apreciar el valor de recuperar la memoria de esta obra como una posibilidad de reparación simbólica a las víctimas estudiantiles dentro del conflicto armado colombiano.
Official veterinary experts in civil legal disputes
Authors: DZIKOWSKI ANDRZEJ
Published: February 2024

Veterinary opinions on animals sold include pre-purchase vetting and investigation to find latent defects. Preparation of a veterinary expert opinion can be ordered by a dissatisfied animal buyer or a court holding a civil trial, if doubts arise. In some jurisdictions, however, official and mandatory opinions of veterinary experts in animal warranty cases are stipulated by the law. The legal norms of selected European states are examined for which methods of legal analysis and interpretation are used: they are linguistic, teleological, functional, systemic, legal historical, and comparative. A specific type of veterinary expert opinion is distinguished, which integrates elements of administrative or judicial (court procedural) law (public law) and civil law (private law). The official and mandatory character of the expertise incorporation procedure is established. The roles of the expert veterinarian and the responsibilities of the animal buyer are demonstrated. The introduction of analogous legal standards in other jurisdictions is recommended.
Strategic View: why Forecasters were Wrong on Russian Growth for 2022 and 2023, and why they pr obably will be for 2024
Authors: Sapir Jacques
Published: February 2024

With the start of Western sanctions against Russia at the end of February 2022, numerous catastrophic forecasts have been made about the Russian economy by both Western and some Russian economic institutions. However, neither for 2022 nor for 2023 were these predictions vindicated. Multiple errors can be traced to both technical difficulties associated with making serious forecasts in a rapidly changing situation, the nature of model used, and ideological or political bias. Even some Russian institutions demonstrated forecasting errors. The massive economic growth that started in Russia in the second quarter of 2023 obviously surprises economists. One wonders if such a situation will repeat it 2024.
Development of Russian Research School of Strategy in Retrospect
Authors: Alimuradov Murad , Chkhotua Ilona
Published: February 2024

Strategy, as a relatively young science, is constantly developing and enriching itself. The Russian national school of strategizing was founded by Professor Vladimir L. Kvint. The school has already formed outstanding theoretical and methodological foundations, as well as accumulated significant practical experience as it designed and implemented developmental strategies for countries, regions, cities, industries, and enterprises. Vladimir Kvint has implemented an extensive long-term practice of teaching the theory of strategy and methodology of strategizing at Master’s Degree Programs located at Lomonosov Moscow State University with its branches in Slovenia and Armenia, Kemerovo State University, and MISIS University of Science and Technology. The programs allow specialists to develop a system of strategic thinking and professional competencies in the field of strategizing. This article celebrates Vladimir Kvint’s 75th birthday by praising his main achievements in science and academia as an outstanding theorist and practitioner of strategizing in Russia and abroad.
Compounding morphometric parameters for prioritization of vulnerable watersheds for land restoration planning in Beas sub basin, India using geospatial techniques
Authors: Nehra Sunil , Sur Koyel , Verma Vipan Kumar , Pateriya Brijendra
Published: February 2024

The Beas sub basin falling under the Indus basin in Northern India is experiencing notable changes due to human interventions since the rise of civilization in the Indus valley. The incessant anthropogenic pressure, infrastructural development, deforestation and encroachment have made the sub basin more vulnerable to land degradation, erosion and landslides. Thus this study attempts to classify the watersheds based on morphometric characteristics and prioritize the watersheds for sub basin management as a whole so that restoration process can concentrate on the high risk prone watersheds. In this study ALOS PALSAR DEM of 12.5 meters was used to extract the drainage network, watershed, catchment sub basin and basin boundary complemented by topographic and hydrological maps. The study analyses 49 morphometric parameters under categories like linear, areal and relief characteristics. The result classifies the erosion capacity of total 4126 streams with the cumulative length of 12,287.51 km over a sub basin area of 19,338.8 Km2. The morphometric parameters were integrated for each watershed and compound factor was given to rank vulnerability in the GIS environment. The results depicted that sub watershed numbers 2, 6, 12, 16 were high risk prone and underlined as an area which requires immediate attention for soil water conservation measures.
Fermat's Last Theorem and ABC-Conjecture in the School of the XXI Century
Authors: Avdyev Marat Aleksandrovich
Published: February 2024

In 1637, Pierre de Fermat wrote at the margins of Diophantus’ Arithmetica that he had found a truly wonderful proof of the insolvability of the Diophantine equation a^n + b^n = c^n, where n > 2, but the narrow margins of the books did not allow him to give the full proof. Is there a short and easy way to prove Fermat's Last Theorem? The following ABC conjecture states that for three co-prime numbers A, B, and C which satisfy A + B = C, the product of the prime factors of ABC is usually not much less than C. Both theorems are formulated very simply, but are extremely difficult to prove. Hundreds of pages have been spent by eminent mathematicians of Western world searching for proofs, and the search for proofs continues. The author found new methods of proof that are generally understandable, even to schoolchildren on the basis of a synthesis of several sciences, including physics. Number theory plays an interesting role in pedagogy.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Öğrenme-Öğretme Ortamına İlişkin Algılarının Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Kayabaşı Yücel , Çakmak Melek
Published: February 2024

Öğrenme ortamı, öğretim etkinlikleri açısından önemlidir. Öğrenenin içinde bulunduğu öğrenme-öğretme ortamının özellikleri öğrenenin algısı üzerinde etkili olmaktadır. Öğretim etkinlikleri, iş yükü ve değerlendirme algısı üzerinde, hem sınıf ortamının yapısı hem de sınıftaki bireysel farklılıkların etkisinin olduğu bilinmektedir. Özellikle öğretme-öğrenme ortamı içerik, güçlük, değerlendirme biçimi, öğrenci-öğretmen ilişkilerinden de etkilenmektedir. Bu araştırmanın temel amacı; eğitim fakültelerinde öğrenim gören öğretmen adaylarının öğretme-öğrenme ortamının özelliklerine ilişkin algılarını belirlemek ve çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya, eğitim fakültelerinin farklı bölümlerinde ve farklı sınıf düzeylerinde öğrenim gören 204 öğretmen adayı dâhil olmuştur. Araştırma sonuçları, öğretmen adaylarının öğretme-öğrenme ortamının özelliklerine ilişkin algılarının cinsiyet değişkenine göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediğini, ancak sınıf düzeyine göre birinci ve ikinci sınıflar lehine anlamlı bir farklılık olduğunu göstermiştir. Araştırmanın dikkat çeken bir diğer sonucu; öğretmen adaylarının sınıf düzeylerine göre, öğretme-öğrenme ortamının özelliklerine ilişkin algılarının ölçeğin tüm alt faktörlerinde de anlamlı bulunmasıdır.
Validación de la presencia de Tillandsia chlorophylla L. B. Sm. (Bromeliaceae) para Honduras
Authors: Morales-Molina Sobeida
Published: February 2024

Después de hacer la revisión exhaustiva de registros reportados de Tillandsia chlorophylla L. B. Sm. en Honduras, se confirma la especie a partir de una población encontrada en el occidente del país, aumentando a 138 el número de especies de bromelias registradas en el territorio. A raíz de las amenazas que existen en la zona donde se reportó la especie, se recomienda implementar medidas de protección para esta población recientemente encontrada, así como revisiones más severas para las demás especies de bromelias, pues en esta localidad al ser fronteriza, se puede reportar un aumento de registros nuevos para Honduras.
Composición, estructura y diversidad de la comunidad de plantas leñosas en fragmentos de bosque tropical estacionalmente seco en Choluteca, Honduras
Authors: Rodríguez Maynor J. , Oyuela-Andino Olvin
Published: February 2024

Los bosques tropicales estacionalmente secos (BTES) son un bioma que generalmente se encuentra en zonas de tierras bajas, con estacionalidad de lluvias y altas temperaturas. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue investigar la composición, estructura y diversidad de la comunidad de plantas leñosas en fragmentos de bosque tropical estacionalmente seco ubicado en el sur de Honduras. La evaluación de la comunidad vegetal se llevó a cabo mediante el trazado de seis transectos dis- tribuidos a distancias de entre 1.5 a 13.9 km. Se registraron las plantas leñosas con un DAP ≥ 5 cm, además de estimar su altura total. Como resultados se encontraron 41 especies, distribuidas en 37 géneros y 20 familias, siendo Fabaceae las más representativa. El área basal promedio fue de 0.71 ±
0.41 m², con valores de 0.08 m² a 1.28 m², destacando las especies Terminalia macrostachya, Pithece­ llobium dulce, Astianthus viminalis, Ximenia americana y Leucaena shannonii. El DAP promedio fue de 9.42 ± 3.75 cm, oscilando entre 4.78 y 15.85 cm, Terminalia macrostachya y Pithecellobium dulce tuvieron los diámetros más destacados. La altura promedio fue de 6.1 ± 2 m, sobresaliendo Pithecellobium dulce. Según el Índice de Valor de Importancia (IVI) las especies más importantes estructuralmente fueron Vachellia collinsii, Pithecellobium dulce, Terminalia macrostachya, Randia aculeata y Libidibia coriaria. La riqueza promedio fue de 13 ± 4 especies, con un bajo nivel de dom- inancia según el índice de Simpson (0.10, promedio 0.32 ± 0.19). En contraste, el índice de Shannon promedió 1.75 ± 0.56, destacando la representatividad del estudio con un coeficiente de variación del 20%. En conclusión, es urgente crear estrategias para la conservación de los BTES para preservar la biodiversidad única que alberga. Proteger este ecosistema diverso y frágil es fundamental para mantener el equilibrio ecológico, la salud del bioma y el bienestar humano.
Georgian Medicinal Plants as Rich Natural Sources of Antioxidant
Derivatives: A Review on the Current Knowledge and Future
Perspectives
Authors: Pirtskhalava Marina , Mittova Valentina , Tsetskhladze Zurab R. , Palumbo Rosanna , Pastore Raffaele , Roviello Giovanni N.
Published: February 2024

The study of antioxidants is of pivotal importance in biomedicine as these
molecules could be involved in biological pathways associated with disease. The identification of new antioxidants together with the acquisition of a deeper knowledge on their
biology, could lead to the use of these compounds as drugs for innovative treatments.
Plants are an important reservoir of phytodrugs that in many cases can be isolated with
good extraction yields directly from the vegetal source and are often endowed with a
low toxicity profile. Georgia, a country situated on the Black Sea coast in the Caucasus
region at the intersection of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, is renowned for its
unique woodland habitats and immense biological diversity due to the great variety of
climate zones and landscapes. Many wild plants in the area are used as remedies for a
number of illnesses in the local traditional medicine. However, the scientific knowledge
of these sources of natural drugs and of their molecular components is still far from exhaustive. Therefore, with the present work we reviewed the scientific literature on some
of the main Georgian medicinal plants and found that several species are a valuable
source of hydrophilic and hydrophobic antioxidants, endowed in some cases with a high
ROS-scavenging ability. The analysis of the literature also demonstrated that most of the
medicinal extracts and compounds isolated from these plants are beneficial in suppressing multiple diseases in vitro. This review will provide information for scientists looking
to develop secure plant-based pharmaceuticals as well as a rationale for using Georgian
medicinal plants for the treatment of a range of diseases.
Effects of High Efficacy Multiple Sclerosis Disease Modifying Drugs on the Immune
Synapse: A Systematic Review
Authors: Deftereos Spyros N. , Vavougios George D. , Bakirtzis Christos , Hadjigeorgiou George , Grigoriadis Nikolaos
Published: February 2024

Background::

Co-signaling and adhesion molecules are important elements for creating immune
synapses between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells; they positively or negatively regulate the interaction
between a T cell receptor with its cognate antigen, presented by the major histocompatibility complex.

Objectives::

We conducted a systematic review on the effects of High Efficacy Disease Modifying Drugs
(HEDMDs) for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) on the co-signaling and adhesion molecules that form the immune
synapse.

Methods::

We searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, and other sources to identify clinical or preclinical reports on
the effects of HEDMDs on co-signaling and adhesion molecules that participate in the formation of immune
synapses in patients with MS or other autoimmune disorders. We included reports on cladribine tablets, anti-
CD20 monoclonal antibodies, S1P modulators, inhibitors of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase, and natalizumab.

Results::

In 56 eligible reports among 7340 total publications, limited relevant evidence was uncovered. Not
all co-signaling and adhesion molecules have been studied in relation to every HEDMD, with more data being
available on the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (that affect CD80, CD86, GITR and TIGIT), cladribine
tablets (affecting CD28, CD40, ICAM-1, LFA-1) and the S1P modulators (affecting CD86, ICAM-1 and
LFA-1) and less on Natalizumab (affecting CD80, CD86, CD40, LFA-1, VLA-4) and Alemtuzumab (affecting
GITR and CTLA-4).

Conclusion::

The puzzle of HEDMD effects on the immune synapse is far from complete. The available evidence
suggests that distinguishing differences exist between drugs and are worth pursuing further.
Catalyst-free Approach to Dihydropyrimidones Using Glycerol/Ethyl
Lactate as a Recyclable and Biodegradable Promoting Medium
Authors: Kushwaha Smriti , Singh Swastika , Baranwal Jyoti , Jyoti Archana
Published: February 2024

A variety of dihydropyrimidone compounds were synthesised using an effective one-pot,
multicomponent, environmentally friendly reaction of aromatic aldehydes, urea/thiourea, ethyl acetoacetate,
and glycerol/ethyl lactate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first catalyst-free strategy
for the synthesis of this key scaffold with medicinal chemistry applications. Other significant aspects
of the current approach consist of the employment of glycerol/ethyl lactate as a biodegradable and
environmentally friendly reaction medium-cum-promoter, the use of easily available substrates, moderate
reaction conditions, ease of use, a wide substrate scope, a short reaction time, easy workup, and
excellent yields, and atom efficiency, which make the disclosed procedure an excellent alternative to
existing methods.
Study on Improved Computed Tomography Scanning Parameters for Patients
with Nasal Bone Fracture Based on ITK Three-dimensional Labelling
Authors: Yang Lei , Yang Cun , Gao Guo-dong , Li Ying , Li Liang , Han Xue-fang , Dong Jin-hui
Published: February 2024

Objective::

To investigate the influence of improved exposure parameters on the image quality of multi-slice spiral computed tomography in nasal bone
fracture imaging

background:

The evaluation of the reliability and accuracy of CT images is one of the most important problems that affect medicine at present. The image quality is decided by the performance of the whole imaging system, and the choice of CT scanning parameters also affects the image quality.

Methods::

Fifty patients with optimised parameters combined with coronal scanning were allocated to the modified group and 50 patients with routine
scanning parameters to the routine group. The image quality and nasal bone display of the two groups were assessed and statistically analysed, and
the quality of scanned images before and after parameter optimisation was compared.

Results::

The optimised image quality was better than that of conventional scanning parameters. The parameters used were 120 kv, 180 mA, a layer
thickness of 0.625 mm, a layer spacing of 0.312 mm, a pitch of 0.516:1, a frame speed of 1 s, a scanning field of 12 cm and a reconstructed layer
thickness for scanning of 0.625 mm; the scanned image was clear, and the parameter optimisation was achieved. This ensures that the annotation
data in ITK labelling is more accurate.

Conclusion::

The optimised parameters and scanned coronal plane show the nasal bone and its surrounding structures more comprehensively, which is of high
diagnostic value for nasal bone fractures. The three-dimensional annotation data based on ITK is more standardised, laying a foundation for the
subsequent research of artificial intelligence modelling.
Computational Intelligence for Solving Contemporary Problems
Authors: Kumar Sandeep
Published: February 2024

The special issue contains research papers elaborating advancements in computational intelligence. Computational intelligence
mimics the extraordinary capacity of the human intellect to assert and understand in an environment of uncertainty and imprecision.
Computational intelligence is new-age multidisciplinary artificial intelligence. The main goal of computational intelligence is
to develop intelligent systems to solve real-world problems that are not modelled or too hard to model mathematically.
Digital Twin for Smart Farming
Authors: Poornima Galiveeti , Gowda M.A. Sukruth
Published: February 2024

One of the disruptive technologies that will emerge in the 21st century is the
digital twin, which is a digital copy of any physical object that may exist in any setting.
Many industries heavily rely on digital twin technology to produce high-quality
products that can be shipped throughout the world with no loss in efficiency. The initial
efforts have been made by the agricultural sector toward the implementation of digital
twin technology in farming and other types of activities. It has already begun to apply
vertical farming together with other crucial cutting-edge technologies in a chosen
number of smart cities.
Revolutionizing Precision Agriculture Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Authors: Murugan Jayalakshmi , Kaliyanandi Maharajan , Sobia M. Carmel
Published: February 2024

Plant disease mechanization in the agricultural discipline is a major source
of concern for every country, since the world's population continues to grow at an
alarming rate, increasing the need for food. However, due to a scarcity of necessary
infrastructure in various parts of the world, it is difficult to identify them quickly in
some areas. In the context of the expanded use of technology, it is now feasible to
assess the efficiency and accuracy of methods for identifying illnesses in plants and
animals. It has recently been discovered that information technology-based tools,
technologies, and applications are effective and realistic measures for the improvement
of the whole agricultural field, spanning from scientific research to farmer assistance.
The integration of expert systems as a strong tool for stakeholders in agricultural
production has enormous promise, and it is now being explored. The suggested effort
begins with the collection of disease symptoms and environmental factors by
agriculture specialists and plant pathologists, who will then analyze the information
gathered. The corrective solution is then recommended to the end user by an expert
system, which is accessed through a mobile application. Computer application
consisting of an expertise base, inference engine, and a user interface is envisaged as
the machine of the future. Integrated inside the gadget is a structured expertise base that
contains information on the signs and treatments of various ailments. In order to
identify and diagnose plant disorders, the machine must first locate and diagnose the
condition. It is accomplished by the analysis of the symptoms of illness on the crop's
surface. On the basis of the yield and the surrounding environment, this symptom is
utilized to identify the illness and give an entirely unique diagnostic solution. The
computer will test the plants and their disordered lives inside the database and provide
a set of diagnostic levels in accordance with the condition that the plants are suffering
from, according to the database. Farmers may easily identify and manipulate plant
diseases with the help of the suggested technology, which is supported by a
sophisticated expert system.
Tea Rhizospheres and Their Functional Role in Tea Gardens
Authors: Mallick Rwitabrata
Published: February 2024

Darjeeling tea (Camellia sinensis) is famous worldwide for its excellent
aroma and taste, and out of that, the best quality tea is produced in the Kurseong hill
area. A year-long analysis of soil samples collected from different sites was done by
applying the plate-count method in terms of colony-forming units for determining the
presence of microbial population within soils cultivating tea on a monthly basis.
Coordination in specific microbes might also be responsible for the impact. Fungi,
bacteria, and actinomycetes – these three groups of microbes were tested during the
process. Results showed that the neo tea plant, rhizosphere and rhizosphere of several
other perpetual plants of various ages, flourishing in age-old tea gardens, seemed to
expedite the growth of microbes. At present, the tea rhizosphere has been tested
thoroughly, specifically in relation to plant-microbe response. Counter to the common
outcomes, rhizosphere and soil ratios were found to be regularly less than 1 in samples
collected from age-old tea gardens, showing an overall -ve rhizosphere impact. The
finding of the 'negative rhizosphere effect' in old tea bushes is a significant and novel
nature of the tea rhizosphere. The -ve impact on the rhizosphere of aged tea bushes
does not seem to be a regular phenomenon that is related to the aging of plants
generally but might be distinctive particular to tea plants. Other important and
associated features include colonization of tea, rhizosphere, soil pH, etc. Supremacy of
a certain population of microbes, an affinity towards a section of general opponents
constitutes a good instance of reciprocated selection in the natural environment. These
discoveries have unlocked newer paths for extended research in the field of
'rhizosphere microbiology'. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the transforming
features coupled with the microbial activity and diversity in the tea rhizosphere and
significant implications in the tea industry.
An Overview of Building a Global Data Area on the Web for Farming
Authors: Sapna R. , Akash Guptha Ravva , Venkateswara Rao Paritala , Sai Pranay Raavi
Published: February 2024

A collection of best practices for publishing as well as connecting structured
data on the Web is referred to as “Linked Data.” In the past ten years, the practice of
Linked Open Data has significantly increased the structured data available on the Web.
This structured data provides machine-readable descriptions of real-world items,
opening hitherto unheard-of opportunities for research around natural language
processing. With the aid of technology, the agriculture sector advanced significantly,
becoming more data-driven and intelligent. Studies on how these data can be used, for
what kinds of tasks, and to what degree they can be helpful for agricultural tasks,
however, are lacking. Our paper puts an effort into providing an overview of concepts
and technologies in the Semantic Web and their applicability to farming.
Karakterisasi Daya Hasil Beberapa Aksesi Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Lokal
Authors: Fitri Faiza Khusnia , Soegianto Andy
Published: February 2024

Ciplukan (Physalis sp.) merupakan tanaman yang berbentuk semak dan termasuk anggota family Solanaceae. Di Indonesia, tanaman ciplukan dapat tumbuh liar di sawah, kebun-kebun, serta pekarangan rumah. Tanaman ciplukan tersebar di berbagai wilayah Indonesia dan memiliki nama daerah yang beragam seperti ciplukan, yoryoran, cecendet, kopok-kopokan, lelutup, leletokan, dan daun boda (Rukmi and Waluyo, 2019). Manfaat ciplukan antara lain dapat menyembuhkan penyakit malaria, diabetes mellitus, asma, hepatitis, dan dermatitis. Karakterisasi merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk mengenali karakter yang dimiliki oleh suatu tanaman. Tujuan melakukan karakterisasi ialah mengetahui deskripsi mengenai karakter pada tanaman sehingga diketahui karakter yang diinginkan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Green House, Lahan Percobaan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga September 2021. Parameter yang diamati adalah karakter-karakter kuantitatif. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan 30 aksesi ciplukan. Jarak tanam yang digunakan yaitu 20 x 15 cm. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance, jika berbeda nyata, dilanjutkan uji BNJ 5 % serta menghitung Koefisien Variasi. Terdapat hasil yang nyata pada beberapa karakter pengamatan. Nilai KV tertinggi terdapat pada karakter jumlah buah per tanaman sebesar 58.93%. Aksesi yang memiliki potensi hasil tertinggi adalah aksesi E0201 sebesar 6.97 ton ha-1.
Uji Mutu Benih F2 pada Tanaman Melon(Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Hapsari Prattidina , Damanhuri Damanhuri , Ardiarini Noer Rahmi
Published: February 2024

Tanaman Melon (Cucumis melo L.) memiliki potensi ekonomi dan telah dibudidayakan di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Budidaya melon tidak mudah dan perlu penanganan intensif karena tanaman melon peka terhadap perubahan lingkungan dan rentan terserang penyakit. Untuk meningkatkan produksi sesuai kebutuhan masyarakat perlu adanya benih yang tersedia dengan kualitas dan kuantitas yang memadai. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukan penelitian uji mutu benih untuk mendapatkan informasi benih yang berkualitas, sehingga petani dapat menghindari dari berbagai hal yang menimbulkan kerugian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui mutu benih F2 pada tanaman melon (Cucumis melo L,). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2022 di Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya dan Kebun Percobaan Jatimulyo, Malang, Jawa Timur. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah timbagan analitik, jangka sorong, tray, botol sprayer, germinator, oven, desikator, cawan, alat tulis dan kamera. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah benih F2 tanaman melon inbrida disertai dengan kertas label, kertas merang, plastic mika, spidol permanen, karet gelang, dan plastik klip. Data dari seluruh variabel hasil pengamatan kemurnian benih, uji kadar air benih, ukuran benih dan bobot 100 benih dianalisa menggunakan uji statistika deskriptif, sedangkan uji viabilitas dan vigor benih yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam atau Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari tujuh galur benih melon yang diamati, didapatkan hasil bahwa galur A memiliki viabilitas tinggi diantara galur lainnya.
Estimasi Cadangan Karbon Tanaman Tahunan di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Sunan Bonang dalam Mengurangi Dampak Pemanasan Global di Kota Tuban
Authors: Suprayitno Suprayitno , Mustikaningrum Dhina , Kristiawan Kristiawan , Firlandiana Maulidi , Prasetyo Herry
Published: February 2024

Dampak perubahan iklim terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan telah dirasakan oleh masyarakat global, termasuk Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur. Dalam hal ini, kontribusi sektor pertanian terhadap emisi gas rumah kaca sebagai penyumbang perubahan iklim di Kabupaten Tuban cukup besar. Jika tidak diimbangi dengan upaya mitigasi, maka emisi gas rumah kaca akan semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya. Memperbanyak vegetasi, terutama pohon yang berfungsi sebagai penyerap karbon di atmosfer, merupakan salah satu upaya mitigasi yang dapat dilakukan. Namun, Kabupaten Tuban justru kehilangan beberapa lahan hutan. Universitas Sunan Bonang Tuban terletak di daerah perkotaan, namun spesies pohon di area kampus masih tetap dipertahankan. Hal ini merupakan salah satu upaya pelestarian lingkungan yang dilakukan oleh pihak kampus. Sebagai bentuk partisipasi kampus dalam mengurangi pemanasan global, maka perlu dilakukan identifikasi jenis pohon yang ada di dalam kampus, stok karbon, maupun jumlah karbon yang diserap dari atmosfer. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Juli 2022 di area kampus Universitas Sunan Bonang Tuban. Semua jenis spesies pohon akan dievaluasi berdasarkan biomassa per diameter pohon dan estimasi jumlah karbon yang diserap oleh tegakan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat sebanyak 66 pohon jati di kampus Universitas Sunan Bonang. Pohon mimba menyumbangkan cadangan karbon paling banyak, yaitu 239,34 kg atau 41 persen dari total cadangan karbon di Universitas Sunan Bonang, yaitu 581,27 kg atau 2,1 ton CO2 yang diserap dari atmosfer.
Three-Day Monitoring of Adhesive Single-Lead Electrocardiogram Patch for Premature Ventricular Complex: Prospective Study for Diagnosis Validation and Evaluation of Burden Fluctuation
Authors: Ahn Hyo-Jeong , Choi Eue-Keun , Lee So-Ryoung , Kwon Soonil , Song Hee-Seok , Lee Young-Shin , Oh Seil
Published: February 2024

Background

Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring devices are used worldwide. However, data on the diagnostic yield of an adhesive single-lead ECG patch (SEP) to detect premature ventricular complex (PVC) and the optimal duration of wearing an SEP for PVC burden assessment are limited.

Objective

We aimed to validate the diagnostic yield of an SEP (mobiCARE MC-100, Seers Technology) for PVC detection and evaluate the PVC burden variation recorded by the SEP over a 3-day monitoring period.

Methods

This is a prospective study of patients with documented PVC on a 12-lead ECG. Patients underwent simultaneous ECG monitoring with the 24-hour Holter monitor and SEP on the first day. On the subsequent second and third days, ECG monitoring was continued using only SEP, and a 3-day extended monitoring was completed. The diagnostic yield of SEP for PVC detection was evaluated by comparison with the results obtained on the first day of Holter monitoring. The PVC burden monitored by SEP for 3 days was used to assess the daily and 6-hour PVC burden variations. The number of patients additionally identified to reach PVC thresholds of 10%, 15%, and 20% during the 3-day extended monitoring by SEP and the clinical factors associated with the higher PVC burden variations were explored.

Results

The recruited data of 134 monitored patients (mean age, 54.6 years; males, 45/134, 33.6%) were analyzed. The median daily PVC burden of these patients was 2.4% (IQR 0.2%-10.9%), as measured by the Holter monitor, and 3.3% (IQR 0.3%-11.7%), as measured in the 3-day monitoring by SEP. The daily PVC burden detected on the first day of SEP was in agreement with that of the Holter monitor: the mean difference was –0.07%, with 95% limits of agreement of –1.44% to 1.30%. A higher PVC burden on the first day was correlated with a higher daily (R2=0.34) and 6-hour burden variation (R2=0.48). Three-day monitoring by SEP identified 29% (12/42), 18% (10/56), and 7% (4/60) more patients reaching 10%, 15%, and 20% of daily PVC burden, respectively. Younger age was additionally associated with the identification of clinically significant PVC burden during the extended monitoring period (P=.02).

Conclusions

We found that the mobiCARE MC-100 SEP accurately detects PVC with comparable diagnostic yield to the 24-hour Holter monitor. Performing 3-day PVC monitoring with SEP, especially among younger patients, may offer a pragmatic alternative for identifying more individuals exceeding the clinically significant PVC burden threshold.
Need for Culturally Competent and Responsive Cancer Education for African Immigrant Families and Youth Living in the United States
Authors: Abraham Olufunmilola , Agoke Adeola , Sanuth Kazeem , Fapohunda Abimbola , Ogunsanya Motolani , Piper Megan , Trentham-Dietz Amy
Published: February 2024

Cancer prevalence data for Black Americans is monolithic and fails to consider the diverse cultures and backgrounds within that community. For instance, African immigrants constitute a meaningful proportion of the foreign-born Black immigrants in the United States (42%), but the prevalence of cancer in the African immigrant community itself is unknown. Therefore, without accurate cancer prevalence data, it is impossible to identify trends and other key factors that are needed to support the health of African immigrants and their children. Moreover, it is impossible to understand how the culture and language of subgroups influence their cancer-related health behavior. While research in this area is limited, the existing literature articulates the need for culturally responsive and culturally tailored cancer education for African immigrants and their adolescent children, which is what we advocate for in this viewpoint paper. Existing projects demonstrate the feasibility of culturally responsive programming for adults; however, few projects include or focus on adolescents or children born to African immigrants. To best meet the needs of this understudied community, researchers must use culturally competent interventions alongside familiar, usable media. For adolescents, technology is ubiquitous thus, the creation of a culturally tailored digital intervention has immense potential to improve cancer awareness and prevention for youth and their community. More research is needed to address many of the existing research gaps and develop a rich understanding of the unique experience of cancer among African immigrant families that can be used to inform intervention development. Through this viewpoint, we review the current state of cancer-related research among African immigrant families in the United States. In this paper, we acknowledge the current knowledge gaps and issues surrounding measurement and then discuss the factors relevant to designing an educational intervention targeted at African immigrants and the role of African immigrant youth.
In-Person and Teleconsultation Services at a National Hospital in Peru: Time Series Analysis of General and Psychiatric Care Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Villarreal-Zegarra David , García-Serna Jackeline , Segovia-Bacilio Piero , Mayo-Puchoc Nikol , Navarro-Flores Alba , Huarcaya-Victoria Jeff
Published: February 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a global reduction in health care accessibility for both infected and noninfected patients, posing a particular burden on those with chronic conditions, including mental health issues. Peru experienced significant devastation from the pandemic, resulting in a collapsed health care system and leading to the world’s highest per capita mortality rate as a result of COVID-19. Understanding the trends in health care utilization, particularly in mental health care, is crucial for informing pandemic response efforts and guiding future recovery strategies.

Objective

This study aims to analyze the trends of outpatient medical and psychiatric consultations during the COVID-19 pandemic in a national hospital in Peru.

Methods

This observational study was conducted at a national hospital in Lima, Peru. We analyzed data on user care across all services, including psychiatric services, from May 2019 to December 2022. The data were calculated for users served per month, including the number of users seen monthly in mental health services. Sociodemographic variables such as sex (female or male), age (≥0 years), type of medical appointment (regular or additional), and modality of care (in-person or teleconsultations) were taken into account. An interrupted time series regression model was conducted to assess the number of outpatient medical and psychiatric consultations. Subgroup analyses were performed based on service modality, including overall consultations, telemonitoring/teleconsultations only, or face-to-face only, for all service users and for mental health service users.

Results

A total of 1,515,439 participants were included, with females comprising 275,444/484,994 (56.80%) of the samples. Only 345,605/1,515,439 (22.81%) visits involved telemedicine. The total monthly outpatient visits were significantly reduced compared with the expected projection (P<.001) at the beginning of the pandemic, followed by a later monthly increment of 298.7 users. Face-to-face interventions experienced a significant reduction at the beginning of the pandemic (P<.001), gradually recovering in the following months. By contrast, telemedicine use initially increased but subsequently declined toward the end of the pandemic. A similar trend was observed in mental health units.

Conclusions

During the pandemic years, health care utilization in both general and psychiatric services experienced a significant decrease, particularly at the beginning of the pandemic (March 2020). However, no significant trends were observed in either case throughout the pandemic period. Telemedicine consultations witnessed a significant increase overall during this period, particularly among mental health users.