bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Anthropometric Markers of Obesity for Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Vera-Ponce Víctor Juan , Zuzunaga-Montoya Fiorella E. , Loayza-Castro Joan A. , Ramirez-Ortega Andrea P. , Torres-Malca Jenny Raquel , García-Lara Rosa A. , Iturregui Paucar Cori Raquel , Valladares-Garrido Mario J. , Cruz-Vargas Jhony A. De La
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Prediabetes is a significant public health concern due to its high risk of progressing to diabetes. Anthropometric measures of obesity, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) have been demonstrated as key risk factors in the development of prediabetes. However, there is a lack of clarity on the diagnostic accuracy and cut-off points of these measures.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of these anthropometric measures for their most effective use in identifying prediabetes.

Methodology: A systematic review (SR) with metanalysis of observational studies was carried out. The search was conducted in four databases: Pubmed/Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE. For the meta-analysis, sensitivity and specificity, together with their 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%) were calculated.

Results: Among all the manuscripts chosen for review, we had four cross-sectional studies, and three were classified as cohort studies.

The forest plots showed the combined sensitivity and specificity for both cross-sectional and cohort studies. For cross-sectional studies, the values were as follows: BMI had a sensitivity of 0.63 and specificity of 0.56, WC had a sensitivity of 0.59 and specificity of 0.58, and WHtR had a sensitivity of 0.63 and specificity of 0.73. In the cohort studies, the combined sensitivity and specificity were: BMI at 0.70 and 0.45, WC at 0.68 and 0.56, and WHtR at 0.68 and 0.56, respectively. All values are provided with 95% confidence intervals.

Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of BMI, WC, and WHtR in identifying prediabetes. The results showed variations in sensitivity and specificity, with WHtR having the highest specificity in cross-sectional studies and BMI having improved sensitivity in cohort studies.
Der Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitsdienst
Authors: Breidenbach Renate , Hübner Lydia , Hunstig Birgit , Langenbruch Bettina , Namaschk Gabriele , Schulze Christian , von der Weiden Gabriele , Wünsch Andrea
Published: September 2023

Der Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitsdienst (KJGD) ist einer der zentralen Bereiche im Öffentliche Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD). Er hat sich von der Einführung schulärztlicher Tätigkeit vor fast 150 Jahren immer wieder ändernden gesellschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen angepasst und wurde weiterentwickelt. Die Arbeit im KJGD wurden in den letzten Jahrzehnten zunehmend methodisch standardisiert und konsekutiv ausgebaut, so das die heutigen Aufgaben weit über die ursprünglichen schulärztlichen Aufgaben hinausgehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es an der Zeit ein eigenständiges Lehrbuch für die im KJGD tätigen Ärztinnen und Ärzte, sowie alle interessierten Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter in diesem Bereich zu erarbeiten und dabei die Ausgestaltung der Aufgaben und Tätigkeitsbereich umfangreich zu beschreiben.
The Influence Of PAI Learning Outcomes On Students' Characteristics Class VII Mts Negeri 03 Indramayu
Authors: Khuzaimah
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this research is to: (1) Explain the learning outcomes of class VII students of MTS Negeri 03 Indramayu. (2) Describe the morals of class VII MTS Negeri 03 Indramayu. (3) Explaining the effect of PAI learning outcomes on the morals of class VII MTS 03 Indramayu students. This research is a field research with a correlational type quantitative approach. The data collection techniques used were: (1) a questionnaire in the form of collecting data on the morals of class VII students, (2) documentation in the form of draft scores to analyze the morals of class VII students. The results showed that the learning outcomes of students in class VII MTS Negeri 03 were in the moderate category, this was proven from calculations at intervals 68-92 of 32 students with a percentage of 56.10%, (2) The morals of class VII students of MTS Negeri 03 included are in the medium category, this is evidenced from calculations at intervals of 64-86 as many as 48 students with a percentage of 84.20%, (3) There is a significant influence between student Islamic education learning outcomes on the morals of class VII students of MTS Negeri 03 Indramayu. This is evidenced by the obtained tcount value of 4.466 > 1.672 (ttable) and a sig value of student learning outcomes of 0.000 which is 0.000 <0.05 so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that student learning outcomes of PAI partially have a positive and significant effect on morals students of class VII MTS 03 Indramayu.
La historia como trampolín para pensar la agenda de hoy y del futuro de la Educación Superior en la región
Authors: Miranda Estela M.
Published: September 2023

La Revista nace ligada a la construcción de una perspectiva universalista y democrática para la educación superior universitaria, con el objetivo de difundir y estimular la producción de conocimiento y los debates acerca de la cooperación académica internacional, y visibilizar y fortalecer el ideario de la integración regional latinoamericana. Con la edición de este nuevo número Integración y Conocimiento, ¡¡¡cumple 10 año!!!
Panorama de la producción científica latinoamericana sobre ciencia abierta: análisis a partir de Scopus en el período 2000-2022
Authors: Aguirre-Ligüera Natalia , Fontans-Álvarez Exequiel , Maldini Juan , De Oliveira Lucas Elaine
Published: September 2023

La investigación académica sobre ciencia abierta ha crecido fuertemente en los últimos años, tal como lo indican estudios previos. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo caracterizar la producción científica de América Latina (AL) sobre ciencia abierta, en función de sus principales componentes, y a partir de publicaciones indexadas en Scopus, con al menos un autor vinculado a una institución latinoamericana (periodo 2000 a 2022). Es una investigación descriptiva, que utiliza el abordaje metodológico cuantitativo provisto por los Estudios Métricos de la Información. Los análisis realizados al corpus documental son: evolución diacrónica de las publicaciones en AL y el mundo; su distribución por países y por instituciones de afiliación; identificación de la colaboración internacional y la élite institucional; distribución por categoría temática de Scopus y análisis de co-ocurrencia de términos. Los resultados permiten observar el crecimiento de la producción científica, la importancia de la colaboración internacional, el protagonismo de las instituciones universitarias y las principales temáticas abordadas. Esta caracterización permite trazar un panorama de cómo se posiciona la producción científica sobre ciencia abierta en AL, algunas de sus especificidades y su evolución en el período considerado.
El desafío y la experiencia del acceso abierto en la Universidad Nacional De Córdoba
Authors: Nardi Alejandra Marcela , Di Domenico Emilio
Published: September 2023

Se presenta la experiencia acumulada en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Argentina entre los años 2008 y 2023 respecto del movimiento internacional de Acceso Abierto. Se describen las estrategias y servicios puestos a disposición de la comunidad universitaria. Se detallan las características y la evolución de los espacios disponibles para la difusión de la producción intelectual de la Universidad, el Repositorio Digital Universitario y del Portal de Revistas que nuclea las que se editan en el ámbito de la UNC. Se informa acercade la creación de Oficina de Conocimiento Abierto. Se hace referencia respecto del consenso alcanzado por la comunidad universitaria para la aprobación de las “Políticas Institucionales de Acceso Abierto para Publicaciones” por parte del Honorable Consejo Superior, quien entre sus funciones es el encargado de dictar ordenanzas y reglamentaciones acordes con los fines de la Universidad. Se presentan dos estrategias para avanzar hacia la Ciencia Abierta en América Latina y el Caribe.
FUA! Mercosur Festival Universitario de Artes del MERCOSUR
Authors: Perrotta Daniela , Tosoratti Cecilia
Published: September 2023

En el marco del ejercicio de la Presidencia pro Tempore de Argentina del MERCOSUR Cultural, el Ministerio de Cultura de la Nación, a través de la Secretaría de Gestión Cultural, y la Universidad Nacional de las Artes (UNA), desde su Secretaría de Extensión Cultural y Bienestar Estudiantil, en articulación con la Red Argentina Universitaria de Artes (RAUdA), organizaron el Festival Universitario de Artes del Mercosur (FUA! Mercosur). El Festival se desarrolló entre los días 24 y 28 de mayo, contó con la participación de artistas estudiantes y graduados/as de universidades de todo el país y de la región, reuniendo producciones artísticas de 37 universidades públicas con facultades y carreras de artes; 22 argentinas y 15 de Estados parte y asociados al MERCOSUR.
İSLÂM ARAŞTIRMALARINDA KULLANILAN ELEKTRONİK KAYNAKLARLA İLGİLİ PROBLEMLER
Authors: ABAY Muhammet
Published: September 2023

Günümüzde klasik İslâm kaynaklarını içeren muhtelif elektronik kütüphaneler vardır ve bunlar İslâm araştırmalarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak bu kütüphanelerdeki elektronik nüshalar birtakım sorunlar barındırmakta; bunlar da elektronik metin arama sonuçlarının doğruluğunu riske sokmaktadır. Yine de araştırmacılar için bu kütüphanelerin kullanılması kaçınılmazdır. Araştırmacılar, bu kütüphanelerdeki sorunların ve elektronik metin arama imkânlarının farkında oldukları takdirde daha hassas metin araması yapabilirler. Bu makalenin amacı da İslâm araştırmalarında kullanılan kaynak eserlerin elektronik nüshalarındaki muhtemel hatalara işaret etmek ve bu hataların doğuracağı riskleri ortadan kaldıracak öneriler getirmektir. Bu amaçla elektronik nüshaların ne tür hatalar barındırdığı ve bunların metin aramalarındaki olumsuz etkisinin hangi yöntemlerle giderilebileceği sorularına cevap aranmıştır. Örnek olarak el-Mektebetü’ş-Şâmile, Mobdii ve Altafsir adındaki elektronik kütüphaneler, alan olarak İbn Âşûr’un et-Tahrîr ve’t-tenvîr tefsirinden Yâsîn Sûresi seçilmiştir. Metinler kelime kelime karşılaştırılmış, yazım hataları ve imla farkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu farkların metin aramaları üzerindeki muhtemel etkileri değerlendirilmiş, bu etkileri azaltacak öneriler sunulmuştur.
BUHÂRÎ’DE MÜŞÂKELE SANATI: İBN HACER ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: YAĞCI Hızır
Published: September 2023

Müşâkele sanatı, üslub olarak Câhiliye dönemi şiirlerinde kullanılmıştır. Kur’an ve hadislerde de çokça örneği bulunan bu sanat; anlamı vurgulamak, dinleyicinin dikkatini çekmek, bazen de lafızlar arasında uyum sağlamak için kullanılmaktadır. Âyet ve hadislerde geçen hayâ etmek, usanmak, tuzak kurmak, hicvetmek, gibi duygu ve fiillerin zahiri anlamıyla Allah’a nispet edilmesi olumsuz birtakım sonuçlara neden olmaktadır. Nitekim bazı art niyetli kişilerin bu ifadelerin kullanımında müşâkele üslubunu göz ardı ederek Allah’ı; tuzak kuran ve hilekâr olmakla niteledikleri görülmektedir. Diğer yandan âyet ve hadislerdeki bu belâgat özelliğini bilmeyen kişilerin de antropomorfik bir Allah inancı geliştirme tehlikesi söz konusudur. Nitekim İslâm tarihinde bu durumun birtakım kelâmî problemlerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada hadislerde geçen müşâkele sanatı örnekleri üzerinde durulmuş, kaynak olarak Buhârî’nin el-Câmiʿu’ṣ-ṣaḥîḥ adlı eseri seçilmiş ve bu esere İbn Hacer’in yazdığı Fetḥu’l-bârî adlı şerhindeki müşâkele sanatına yönelik tespitleri konu edilmiştir.
İBN ATÂULLAH EL-İSKENDERİ’NİN HİKEM-İ ATÂİYYE ADLI ESERİNDE KALBİN DÖNÜŞÜMÜ
Authors: LEVENT ABUL Lamia
Published: September 2023

Kalp, insanın maddi ve manevi hayatının merkezinde yer alan bir organdır. Maddi kalple aynı mekânı paylaşan manevi kalp nurani ve rabbani bir latifedir. Tasavvuf ilminde kalp, idrak eden, bilgi ve düşüncenin kaynağı olan bir mahiyete sahiptir. Bu açıdan sûfîler kendi mesleklerini “nefsin tezkiyesi, kalbin tasfiyesi” olarak ifade etmişler ve tasavvuf ilmini “ilmü’l-kulub”, “marifetü’l-kulub” şeklinde nitelendirmişlerdir. Kalp, kelime olarak her an değişen ve dönüşen manalarına gelmekte, muhatap olduğu etki ve telkinlere göre farklı hâllere ve renklere bürünebilmektedir. Kalp tasfiye edildikçe insana rehberlik edebilir. Öte yandan manevi kalbin kirlenmesi insanın manevi hayatı açısından tehlikeli bir durum olarak görülür. Bu makale, insanın tekâmülünde önemli bir yere sahip olan kalbin manevi açıdan nasıl dönüştüğünü İbn Atâullah el-İskenderî’nin Hikem adlı eserinde yer alan hikmetler üzerinden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Hikem, asırlardır İslâm dünyasının pek çok yerinde okunan bir eserdir. Eserde yer alan kalple ilgili hikmetler, kalbin hangi merhalelerden geçerek tasfiye edileceğini ortaya koyması bakımından önemli bilgiler içermektedir.
Recovering solution of the Reverse nonlinear time Fractional diffusion equations with fluctuations data
Authors: Doan Thi Thanh Xuan , Vo Thi Thanh Ha
Published: September 2023

In this study, our focus is on obtaining an estimated solution for the nonlinear fractional time diffusion equation. Specifically, we have utilized the Riemann Liouville fractional derivative. Additionally, we have concerned Gaussian white noise in the input data. As we are aware, this problem is considered ill-posed according to Hadamard's definition. To tackle this problem, we have proposed a regularized solution and demonstrated the convergence between the mild solution and the regularized solution.
Den Danske Folkekirkes Bekendelsesskrifter
Authors: Kristensen Johanne Stubbe Teglbjærg , Enggaard Nete Helene
Published: September 2023

In this article, we consider methodological challenges and promises for a contemporary Lutheran engagement with confessional writings. We approach the confessional writings of the Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church as both well-known and strange or even uncanny, and we consider five methodological issues in regard to their possible theology: (1) Their “difference and unity”, (2) their relation to the practice of the Danish church and their possible identity as “law”, (3) their relation to theology and academia, (4) their context(s) and genre(s) and, (5) their histories and function(s). Through this consideration, we argue for emphasizing the differences of the writings and for a conception of their unity as a seemingly paradoxical, but in fact reasonable, open and dynamic structure of differences. This implies an open, transformational or eschatological, “both-and” structure concerning their content and function; they are not perceivable as an abstract unity, not a law, not pure texts, not expressions of a single genre and not purely conservative documents. However, they also cannot be identified only as purely separated entities, powerless practices, unrelated and arbitrary, but through their differences, practices, contexts and histories, they expose new coherences and continuities. Through this, they contribute to confirmation and transformation of relations and events and they are, in this specific sense, writings for the future. They raise questions concerning contemporary conceptions of God, world and self and they indirectly contribute to answers beyond both the binaries and the totalities of the modern and postmodern situation.
Retfærdiggørelse som troens indhold og teologiens norm
Authors: Põder Christine Svinth-Værge , Kristensen Johanne Stubbe Teglbjærg
Published: September 2023

Among the Confessions of the Danish Evangelical-Lutheran Church, the Augsburg Confession plays a special role as the one which, together with Luther’s Little Catechism, expresses the Lutheran identity of the Danish Evangelical-Lutheran Church. Among the Augsburg Confession’s articles, article number four has traditionally been considered the center of the entire confession and thus seen as an expression of the basic content of faith and hence also as the norm of theology. If one looks at the later, modern and contemporary Lutheran discussions of article four more closely, they concern above all discussions about how the connection between the content of faith and the norm of faith should be understood. In this contribution, we affirm the importance, depth and contemporary relevance of this discussion and propose an open interpretation that does not reduce Lutheran theology to a matter of either content or norm, but rather asks about the context of content and the limits and possibilities the methods of theology.
Økonomisk vækst og livskvalitet
Authors: Ploug Niels
Published: September 2023

Kommissionen om måling af økonomisk vækst og sociale fremskridt, den såkaldte Stiglitz-Sen-Fitoussi-kommission, satte med sin rapport fra 2009 fornyet gang i diskussionen af sammenhængen – eller modsætningen – mellem økonomisk vækst og livskvalitet. Denne artikel ser på såvel debatten som på de konkrete tiltag til måling af livskvalitet, der er udviklet som opfølgning på rapportens anbefalinger.
Kan tillid købes for penge? En land-by sammenligning af ideologisk og praktiseret tillid
Authors: Svendsen Gunnar Lind Haase , Svendsen Gert Tinggaard
Published: September 2023

Vi argumenterer for, at tillid ikke kan købes for penge, og at praktiseret (eller partikulær) tillid efter alt at dømme er endnu vigtigere end ideologisk (eller generaliseret) tillid, når der i et lokalsamfund skal tilvejebringes fælles goder, som fx frivilligt arbejde, gensidig hjælp og tryghed.
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Jakobsen Vibeke , Vinther-Jørgensen Tue
Published: September 2023

Indvandring og integration af udlændinge har i årtier været et vigtigt tema i dansk politik. Adskillige valgkampe har været domineret af udlændingepolitikken, og udlændingepolitikken har ført kiler ned mellem partierne i de to blokke – og endda ned i de enkelte partier. Sommerens og efterårets politiske udspil og debatten om det øgede antal fl ygtninge viser, at temaet fortsat er sprængfarligt med potentiale for at skabe splittelse og nye fronter i dansk politik. Netop derfor er det vigtigt med et ordentligt videngrundlag, så diskussioner og beslutninger ikke bliver baseret på myter og antagelser. Dette temanummer af Samfundsøkonomen trækker trådene op og præsenterer forskning og fakta inden for en række problemstillinger, som også kan forventes at blive aktuelle i de politiske debatter om indvandring og integration frem mod det kommende folketingsvalg.
Indvandring til Danmark: arbejdsmarkedets centrale rolle for indvandringspolitikken
Authors: Tranæs Torben
Published: September 2023

I denne artikel beskrives indvandringen og indvandringspolitikken i Danmark siden 1960’erne med udgangspunkt i situationen på arbejdsmarkedet. Der er både eksempler på, at beskæftigelsesproblemer har udløst ændringer i indvandringspolitikken, og på, at ændringer i indvandringspolitikken har lagt grunden til beskæftigelsesproblemer.
Midlertidige øst-migranter udfordrer den danske model
Authors: Andersen Søren Kaj , Felbo-Kolding Jonas
Published: September 2023

Debatten om social dumping har primært haft fokus på udfordringerne forbundet med udstationerede arbejdsmigranter. Artiklen påpeger, at det afgørende ikke er tilknytningsformen, men i stedet varigheden af migranternes tilknytning til arbejdsmarkedet.
Det retoriske statsministerembede
Authors: Nielsen Peter Heyn
Published: September 2023

Statsministerens åbningstale ligner i dag en dansk pendant til amerikanske præsidenters State of the Union adresse. Statsministerembedet er stadigt mere magtfuldt, og åbningstalens historie symboliserer i højeste grad denne udvikling.
Dansk flexicurity under pres – både indefra og udefra
Authors: Kongshøj Madsen Per
Published: September 2023

Den danske fl exicurity-model fremstod i årene op til den økonomiske krise som en rollemodel for samspillet mellem et fl eksibelt arbejdsmarked og velfærdsstatens sikkerhedsnet. Siden er glansbilledet falmet. Målt på beskæftigelse og arbejdsløshed har Danmark mistet sin førerposition. Her er der sådan set ikke mange overraskelser. Modellen har reageret som forventet. Hertil kommer de politiske ændringer, som er påført modellen, og de udfordringer, der kommer udefra i form af europæisering og globalisering. Konklusionen er, at modellen har bevaret sine grundtræk og stadig fungerer som et værn mod krisens skadevirkninger. Men det er nødvendigt med agtpågivenhed for at undgå, at modellen mister balancen.
EU-retten og den danske arbejdsmarkedsmodel
Authors: Nielsen Ruth
Published: September 2023

Artiklen skitserer nogle hovedtræk af EU’s udvikling, herunder især mulighederne for at implementere direktiver ved kollektiv overenskomst, princippet om arbejdskraftens fri bevægelighed og betydningen af EU’s Charter om grundlæggende rettigheder.
Redaktionelt forord
Authors: Wier Mette , Pedersen Lisbeth , Hede Anders
Published: September 2023

Produktiviteten i et samfund er helt afgørende for et samfunds velstand, og for hvor mange valgmuligheder et samfund og dets borgere har. Offentlig serviceproduktion udgør ca. en fjerdedel af den samlede økonomi, og en produktivitetsgevinst i den offentlige serviceproduktion er præcist lige så meget værd som produktivitetsgevinster i den private sektor. I 2012 nedsatte Thorning-Smith regeringen en Produktivitetskommission, der fik til opgave at »kulegrave den danske produktivitetsudvikling og komme med konkrete anbefalinger, der kan styrke Danmarks produktivitet – både i dansk erhvervsliv og i den offentlige sektor«.
Grænser og EU’s (manglende) legitimitet
Authors: Nedergaard Peter
Published: September 2023

Adskillige hundrede tusinde migranter og flygtninge nåede til EU i 2015. Når situationen i EU de seneste måneder har udviklet sig, som den har, skyldes det et simpelt forhold: At Schengenlandene har afskaffet de indre grænser til fordel for ydre grænser, som har været mere end porøse. Eksistensen (eller ikke) af grænser rundt om landene er pludselig igen blevet højpolitik. Det kan samtidig tolkes som en aktualisering af Carl Schmitts kritik af liberalismens dominans i moderne politik for så vidt, at man ikke anerkender ven/fjende-relationen som konstituerende for ethvert politisk system (Mouffe 1999).
Effekter af en lettelse af skatten på arbejde: En introduktion
Authors: Andersen Peder , Kærgård Niels
Published: September 2023

Artiklen er en introduktion til emnet arbejdsudbud og skat for læsere, der ikke arbejder med skattepolitik. Når en skatteændring skal diskuteres, er der en lang række modsat rettede effekter. En teoretisk kortlægning af effekterne er derfor ikke nok. Effekterne må kvantificeres og legitime politiske præferencer inddrages. Men en teoretisk kortlægning af effekterne kan være et nyttigt startpunkt.
Skatter, offentlige udgifter og de offentlige finanser
Authors: Smidt John
Published: September 2023

Der er både behov for og udfordringer ved at regne på adfærdsvirkninger af lavere skatter, hvad enten de finansieres inden for skattesystemet eller via en reduktion af de offentlige udgifter. Usikkerhed i beregningerne taler for ydmyghed, men ikke for at undlade at lave beregningerne.
Skatteinstrumenterne i 2025-planen
Authors: Hauch Jens , Sørensen Peter Birch
Published: September 2023

Artiklen diskuterer det danske skattesystem og en række af de skattepolitiske ændringer, der er foreslået 2025-planen. Der ses på udviklingen i indkomstskatterne, skatter på kapital og erhverv samt beskatning af ejendomme.
Luther, velfærds- og konkurrencestaten
Authors: Fink Nanna , Petersen Jørn Henrik
Published: September 2023

Artiklen belyser hovedelementer i hhv. velfærds- og konkurrencestaten set gennem et Luthersk socialetisk prisme. I velfærdsstatens civilreligion spores Lutherske elementer, men også meget andet er på spil. Det samme gælder vurderingen af konkurrencestaten.
Opbakningen til velfærdsstaten
Authors: Fink Nanna , Goul Andersen Jørgen
Published: September 2023

Der er stor opbakning til velfærdsstaten, undtagen blandt de 5-10 pct. med de højeste indkomster. Tilslutningen er dog betinget. Besparelser accepteres, hvis vælgerne overbevises om, at de er nødvendige pga. krise eller fremtidige ældreudgifter. Den offentlige sektor er kronisk mistænkt for lav effektivitet – men dens image er stærkt forbedret. Tilslutningen er størst til serviceudgifterne – og mindre til overførsler til ledige m.fl. Men folk skal ikke udstødes. Da det kom til udfald fra dagpengesystemet, var der støtte til lempelser på tværs af politiske skel.
Nobelpristagere i mikroøkonomi 1969 – 2016
Authors: Fink Nanna , Keiding Hans
Published: September 2023

Mikroøkonomi er et emneområde, som de fleste med en økonomuddannelse forbinder med svært forståelige regneøvelser og eksaminer som skulle bestås. Det kan på den baggrund undre, at så mange af en halvt århundredes Nobelpriser i økonomi er faldet inden for netop dette felt. Faktisk har mikroøkonomien i denne periode revolutioneret vores opfattelse af og viden om økonomiske sammenhænge, noget som nu også – langsomt – trænger helt ned til undervisningen i mikroøkonomi. Gennemgangen af de mikroøkonomiske Nobelpristager kan antyde, hvad der er sket på området.
Nobelprismodtagerne 2016: Oliver Hart og Bengt Holmström
Authors: Fink Nanna , Keiding Hans
Published: September 2023

Nobelprisen i økonomi blev i 2016 tildelt de to forskere Oliver Hart og Bengt Holmström, og af begrundelsen fremgår, at prisen blive givet for deres bidrag til udviklingen af kontraktteori. I det følgende ser vi nærmere på de to Nobelpristagere og især på kontraktteorien.
Var det de rigtige, der fik prisen?
Authors: Fink Nanna , Thygesen Niels
Published: September 2023

I et temanummer om Nobelprisen i økonomi er man næsten nødt til at behandle de mere politiske og fagpolitiske spørgsmål, der somme tider er oppe i debatten. Er der bestemte skoler og fagmiljøer, der får for mange eller for få priser? Er prisuddelingerne præget af en politisk bias? Er der oplagte eksempler på modtagere, der ikke fortjente prisen, eller andre, som burde have haft den, men er blevet glemt? Det giver otte af de mest fremtrædende danske økonomer i det følgende meget forskellige bud på.
‘For the greatest benefit of mankind!’
Authors: Fink Nanna , Jespersen Jesper
Published: September 2023

Det var nok ikke nogen tilfældighed, at Alfred Nobel tilbage i 1895, da hans testamente blev skrevet, ikke inddrog økonomi, som en af de videnskaber, hvorom det med sikkerhed kunne siges, at der fandtes enestående bidrag, der ‘hafva gjort menskligheden den største nytta’. Det er som bekendt kun fysik, kemi og medicin, der blev givet den status.
Uddannelser med indbygget arbejdsmarkedsmatch
Authors: Fink Nanna , Wang Camilla
Published: September 2023

Professionshøjskolernes og erhvervsakademiernes uddannelser har en særlig relation til arbejdsmarkedet, som er anderledes end universiteternes. Artiklen tager afsæt i det aktuelle politiske fokus på sammenhængen mellem uddannelser og arbejdsmarked – som udtrykt i begrebet ”match” – og ser i det lys på professionshøjskolernes og erhvervsakademiernes historik, aktuelle status og videre udviklingsmuligheder.
Voksen,- efter- og videreuddannelse på fremtidens arbejdsmarked
Authors: Fink Nanna , Vrang Elias Stina , Binder Morten , Kristensen Nicolai , Møller Pedersen Kjeld , Shapiro Hanne
Published: September 2023

Befolkning, politikere og arbejdsmarkedets parter har i årtier haft fokus på området for Voksen-efter- og videreuddannelse (VEU). Men måske har området aldrig været vigtigere end i disse år. I Danmark og alle andre vestlige lande står arbejdsmarkedet nemlig over for voldsomme omvæltninger.
Development and validation of a personalized classifier to predict the prognosis and response to immunotherapy in glioma based on glycolysis and the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Fan Pengfei , Xia Jinjin , Zhou Meifeng , Zhuo Chao , He Hui
Published: September 2023

Background

Glycolysis is closely associated with cancer progression and treatment outcomes. However, the role of glycolysis in the immune microenvironment, prognosis, and immunotherapy of glioma remains unclear.

Methods

This study investigated the role of glycolysis on prognosis and its relationship with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Subsequently, we developed and validated the glycolysis-related gene signature (GRS)-TME classifier using multiple independent cohorts. Furthermore, we also examined the prognostic value, somatic alterations, molecular characteristics, and potential benefits of immunotherapy based on GRS-TME classifier. Lastly, the effect of kinesin family member 20A (KIF20A) on the proliferation and migration of glioma cells was evaluated in vitro.

Results

Glycolysis was identified as a significant prognostic risk factor in glioma, and closely associated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment characterized by altered distribution of immune cells. Furthermore, a personalized GRS-TME classifier was developed and validated by combining the glycolysis (18 genes) and TME (seven immune cells) scores. Patients in the GRSlow/TMEhigh subgroup exhibited a more favorable prognosis compared to other subgroups. Distinct genomic alterations and signaling pathways were observed among different subgroups, which are closely associated with cell cycle, epithelial—mesenchymal transition, p53 signaling pathway, and interferon-alpha response. Additionally, we found that patients in the GRSlow/TMEhigh subgroup exhibit a higher response rate to immunotherapy, and the GRS-TME classifier can serve as a novel biomarker for predicting immunotherapy outcomes. Finally, high expression of KIF20A is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in glioma, and its knockdown can inhibit the proliferation and migration of glioma cells.

Conclusions

Our study developed a GRS-TME classifier for predicting the prognosis and potential benefits of immunotherapy in glioma patients. Additionally, we identified KIF20A as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for glioma.
Energy flow in men’s javelin throw and its relationship to joint load and performance
Authors: Köhler Hans-Peter , Witt Maren
Published: September 2023

Background

Performance in javelin throwing is dependent on the release speed and therefore the energy transferred to the javelin. Little is known about the flow of mechanical energy in javelin throwing and whether there is a connection to joint loading and throwing performance. The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate (1) the energy flow within the kinetic chain of the throwing arm, (2) how it is related to performance and joint loads and (3) how joint forces and torques are used to transfer, generate and absorb mechanical energy.

Methods

The kinematics of 10 experienced javelin throwers were recorded using a 12-camera infrared system. 16 markers were placed on the athlete’s body, five on the javelin to track the movement of each segment. A segmental power analysis was carried out to calculate energy flow between upper body, upper arm, forearm and hand. Stepwise regression analysis was used to calculate the variable that best predicts release speed and joint loads.

Results

The results indicate that the higher the peak rate of energy transfer from the thorax to the humerus, the higher the release speed and the joint loads. While there were no differences between the peak rate of energy transfer in the different joints, the energy transferred differed depending on whether joint forces or torques were used. It can be further shown that higher joint torques and thus higher rotational kinetics at the shoulder are linked to higher release speeds. Thus, the movements of the upper body can be of great influence on the result in javelin throwing. Furthermore, the data show that athletes who are able to transfer more energy through the shoulder, rather than generate it, experience a smaller joint loading. An effective technique for improved energy transfer can thus help perform at the same level while lowering joint stress or have higher performance at the same joint loading.
A Susceptible Vaccinated Exposed Infected Hospitalized and Removed/Recovered (SVEIHR) Model Framework for COVID-19
Authors: Oyamakin S. O.  , Popoola J. I.
Published: September 2023

In reaction to the severe socio-economic effects and upheavals that the Covid-19 sickness had on the world within the first few weeks of its introduction, everyone involved had to act quickly to look for possible solutions for preventing the ensuing epidemics. A prompt response is more critical given Nigeria's subpar social, economic, and healthcare infrastructure. Investigated was the efficacy of various pharmacological, non-pharmaceutical, or a combination of both therapies in flattening the Covid-19 incidence curve. In order to investigate the impact of these interventions, a deterministic SVEIHR model was created and applied. The Nigerian Center for Disease Control (NCDC) portal's Covid-19 data were used to parametrize the model. For simulations using a system dynamic simulation, estimated parameters were employed. The fundamental reproduction number, R0, was used to evaluate the success of our suggested intervention in effectively managing COVID-19 transmission. The simulation results demonstrated that the use of only non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as the use of face masks, a light lockdown, and hand washing at baseline or high levels, is insufficient, with the R0 varying from vaccination at the vaccination rate of 0.5% with non-pharmaceutical interventions at any level of compliance, and a combination of vaccination at 0.05% and high hygiene level were effective in flattening the Covid-19 disease incidence curve in Nigeria, returning a R0 less than 1. Furthermore, maintaining a high level of cleanliness, which includes hand washing and the use of a face mask, would be sufficient to stop the spread of Covid-19 disease and eventually flatten Covid-19 disease incidence curve in Nigeria, given a low turnout of 0.05% for vaccination and the easing of lockdown.
Exploring Drought Tolerance in Wheat: Insights from Biochemical, Morphological, and Physiological Responses
Authors: Hashmi Qasim Ali , Ahmad Muhammad , Ahmad Ehtisham , Tariq Mubashir , Rafeh Abdul , Awais Muhammad
Published: September 2023

This review paper delves into the intricate biochemical foundations underlying drought tolerance mechanisms in wheat plants. This exploration encompasses multifaceted aspects, ranging from physiological adaptations to gene expression modulation. Plants like wheat employ repertoire of biochemical strategies to bolster their resilience against drought stress. It involves coordinating antioxidant enzymes, osmotic regulators, polyamines, and hormones to combat drought stress. The antioxidant system is crucial, countering reactive oxygen species produced during drought. Enzymes like SOD, CAT, and POD are activated to protect cells. Osmolytes like sugars and polyamines maintain cell integrity and water retention, while hormones like ABA control stomatal closure and water conservation. Gene expression highlights the plant's drought adaptability. AP2/ERF factors boost drought tolerance when overexpressed. Gene repression uses motifs like EAR to reduce expression for environmental adaptation. Gene expression shows the plant's drought adaptability. Overexpressed AP2/ERF factors enhance tolerance. Repression, like the EAR motif, aids variation. The morphological basis study examines how water scarcity affects different growth stages of wheat, such as germination, tillering, flowering, and grain filling. It identifies physio-morphological traits that could serve as the indicators of drought resilience, providing a new way to breed stress resistance. Furthermore, this article also explains plant characteristics important for adapting to drought, including photosynthesis, water relations, nutrient uptake, oxidative state, osmotic balance, and hormonal consequences. Each facet contributes to the intricate web of physiological adaptations that allow wheat plants to withstand and thrive under drought conditions. Comprehending these mechanisms aids breeding for drought-tolerant wheat, ensuring food security amid climate change.
Modelling Monthly and Annual Trends of the Monthly Air Maximum Temperature in Ndjamena, Chad, Over the Climatic Period 1961-1990
Authors: Samuel Njipouakouyou , Nour Ali Mahamat
Published: September 2023

The present article models monthly and annual trends of the monthly air maximum temperature in Ndjamena over the climatic period from 1961 to 1990. Monthly mathematical mean values over the period of this parameter has been calculated with their corresponding standard deviations. High values were registered from March to June, the beginning of the rainy season in the locality, and low values – during the dry season, from December to February. Its interval of variation was from 32.3°C in January to 41.0°C in April. Concerning the standard deviation, its interval of variation was from 0.9°C in April to 1.8°C in January, February and December. Deviations of the monthly air maximum temperatures from their corresponding mathematical mean values were calculated for each month over the climatic period. Their time trends were modeled by the least squares method. Analysis of the configuration their clouds of points in rectangular coordinates systems has shown that all monthly trends were according to the linear relationship. The coefficients of the obtained regression lines were mostly 0.1. This low value indicates that the time trend of the air maximum temperature was not significant to produce notable impacts on the environment in the considered locality. Similar treatments were applied to annual trends. The results were qualitatively the same. Thus, it is obviously clear during this climatic period no thermal perturbations to bring significant impacts to the environment were observed. But the study has revealed a weak tendency to the rise of the maximum air temperature in Ndjamena, particularly by the end of the period.
Acute Toxicity of Commonly used Insecticides to Red Pumpkin Beetle, Aulacophora foveicollis
Authors: Kallathuru Kruthi Reddy, , Preetha, G.  , Srinivasan, M. R.  , Kavitha, M.  , Parameswari E.
Published: September 2023

Acute toxicity of commonly used insecticides viz., fipronil, cyantraniliprole, fluxametamide, phenthoate and thiamethoxam were determined against Red pumpkin beetle, Aulacophora foveicollis collected from the unsprayed pumpkin fields in the orchard of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore using filter paper disc bioassay method. Based on the LC50 values (ppm) of different insecticides, the order of toxicity was found to be fipronil (6.822) > fluxametamide (11.953) > phenthoate (14.732) > cyantraniliprole (14.793) > thiamethoxam (29.465) at 24 and 48 hours after treatment (HAT). The respective LC95 values were 65.396, 87.077, 42.090, 203.017 and 205.013 against A. foveicollis at 24 HAT and 46.585, 54.242, 37.445, 223.682 and 146.267 at 48 HAT for fipronil, cyantraniliprole, fluxametamide, phenthoate and thiamethoxam, respectively. The study results clearly indicated that the phenyl pyrazole insecticide, fipronil was highly effective against the pumpkin beetle, A. foveicollis.
Affected of Ameliorated Alkaline Water and Soil Amendments on Exchangeable Cation, Macro and Micronutrients in Sodic Soil under Drip Irrigation
Authors: Suresh T. , Selvamurugan M. , Baskar M. , Santhy P. , Balasubramaniam P.
Published: September 2023

The Field experiment was carried out at Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tiruchirappalli using cotton (RCH- 20) as a test crop to examine the effect of ameliorated alkali water and soil amendments on soil properties, growth, and yield of hybrid cotton in sodic soil under drip irrigation. In this experiment, Drip irrigation with gypsum treatment water and drip irrigation with spent wash treatment water were used as main-plots treatments. Soil application of gypsum @ 50 % GR (5.2 t ha-1) and one time soil application of distillery spent wash @ 5 lakh litter ha-1 were imposed as sub-plot treatments. The treatment without amendments both under main plot and sub plots were used as control. The experiment was carried out using a strip-plot design with four replications. The application of additives through irrigation water (or) soil considerably decreased the pH of post-harvest soil.  The soil exchangeable Ca and Mg were found significant due to soil application of amendments only and value ranged from 8.51 to 9.35 and 5.03 to 5.20 Cmol (p+) kg -1 respectively. The soil available nutrients N, P and K were found significant, and value range from 167 to 311, 15.4 to 21.5, 158 to 928 kg ha-1 respectively. The application distillery spent wash (DSW) and gypsum slightly increased the micronutrient cations range which from 4.80 to 6.85 mg kg-1 of Fe, 8.60 to 10.43 mg kg-1 of Mn, 0.64 to 0.88 of mg kg-1 of Zn, 1.10 to 1.42 mg kg-1 of Cu. The results of the field experiment revealed that application of amended alkali water and amended soil significantly increased all the growth and yield parameters of cotton. An increase in seed cotton yield of 701 and 544 kg ha-1 was recorded due to the application of gypsum treated water and DSW treated water respectively over control. Similarly, an increase of 773 and 973 kg ha-1 of seed cotton yield was recorded due to soil application of gypsum and DSW respectively over control. While considering the interaction effect, soil application of DSW along with gypsum bed treated water found to be the best for getting higher seed cotton yield (3015 kg ha-1) when compared to other treatment combination.
Influence of Micronutrient Application on Nutrient Content, Uptake and Residual Soil Nutrient Status in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Western Uttar Pradesh Condition
Authors: Mohapatra Sweekruta , Vivek  , Ujjwal Akshay , Gurjar Trayambak , Mishra Jyotiprakash , Das Tarini Prasad , Pattnaik Sanghamitra , Mahapatra Subrat Kumar , Pradhan Jayashankar
Published: September 2023

A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different nutrient treatments on nutrient content, uptake and residual soil fertility in rice crop at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut during kharif 2022 on clay loam soil, low in organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorous, zinc and iron, medium to high in available potassium and slightly alkaline in reaction. The treatments comprising of different combinations (10) of NPK, Zn and Fe with VAM {Control,100% NPK, 100% NPK + 25kg ZnSO4 ,100% NPK+ 25 kg FeSO4, 100% NPK + 25kg ZnSO4+25 kg FeSO4, 100% NPK + 12.5 kg ZnSO4+ 12.5 kg FeSO4+VAM, 100% NPK+ZnEDTA+FeEDTA, 100% NPK + 0.5% ZnSO4 at tillering and panicle initiation, 100% NPK + 0.5% FeSO4 at tillering and panicle initiation and 100% NPK + 0.5% ZnSO4 +0.5% FeSO4 at tillering and panicle initiation}were tested in RBD with 3 replications. Rice variety PB-1637 was transplanted on 23rd July and harvested on 10th November, 2022 with recommended package of practices except the treatments. Nutrient content, uptake and residual soil fertility were significantly affected by different nutrients treatments. Zn, Fe, Zn+Fe and Zn+Fe+VAM application favored nutrient content, uptake and residual soil fertility when compared to 100% NPK. Among the various treatments crop was applied with 100% NPK + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4 registered highest nutrient content in grain (N- 1.33% ,P-0.43%, K-0.39%, Zn-36.5 mg kg-1 and Fe-127.31 mg kg-1), nutrient uptake in grain (N-57.5 kg ha-1,P- 18.6 kg ha-1 K-16.8 kg ha-1 ,Zn- 157.7 g ha-1 and Fe-550.0 g ha-1) and residual soil nutrient status (N-221.1 kg ha-1, P-17.6 kg ha-1, K-214.7 kg ha-1, Organic Carbon-0.47%, Zn-0.98 mg kg-1 and Fe-6.56 mg kg-1).
Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms using Combined Feature Extraction Techniques for Speaker Identification
Authors: Iwok Unwana Ubong , Udofia Kingsley Monday , Obot Akaninyene Bernard , Udofia Kufre Michael , Michael Unyime Anietie , Kingsley Akpabio Itoro
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare machine learning algorithms when various feature extraction techniques are employed together and determine the optimal feature combinations for the models studied. The TIMIT online database was used where 5 male and 5 female non-native English speakers from five American locations were selected. Each speaker had ten 3-second utterances, totaling 500. Mel frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), linear predictive cepstral coefficients (LPCC), gammatone frequency cepstral coefficients (GFCC), discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) and pitch features were extracted using MATLAB and concatenated. The concatenated features were used to train and evaluate three classifier models—Random Forest (RF), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and Logistic Regression (LR)—using Python software. The results obtained showed that as the number of features combinations increased, the models’ performances improved as well. This improved performance was observed when all the cepstral features were part of the combinations. This implies that cepstral features are more robust and improve speaker identification systems. The best average score of accurate predictions of ≈ 76% for the LR model was obtained for the MGL (39 features) features combination and dropped to 70% for the highest number of feature combinations MGDLP (53 features). This indicates that more training data improves system performance, however, too much data does not translate to even better performance because the system will eventually achieve its peak performance. This information is useful for applications where limited data can present a problem.
Processos imersivos: a percepção cinestésica como operadora de sínteses de saberes na vida e na arte
Authors: Graça Lilian Seixas Graça , Souza Beatriz Adeodato Alves de
Published: September 2023

Partindo da descrição de uma experiência de imersão, vivida por uma das autoras, numa videoconferência, via plataforma Zoom - em que, por graus de envolvimento, os espaços das telas foram confundidos e misturaram-se na sua percepção - o artigo pretende provocar reflexões a respeito do papel dos hábitos perceptivos e motores, na constituição das relações com o ambiente e com os outros, tanto em contextos da vida cotidiana, como na arte. Toma-se como hipótese que habilidades sensório motoras específicas, solicitadas nas interações virtuais correntes, e, mediadas pelas plataformas em uso, ainda estão em processo de desenvolvimento e integração. Adaptação e habituação estão, portanto, em curso. À luz de contribuições da abordagem da cognição corporalizada, das ciências cognitivas, assim como da empatia estética, essa hipótese conduzirá à construção de uma argumentação que coloca em foco a centralidade da percepção cinestésica nas nossas imersões na vida, na criação e na fruição artísticas.