bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Youth perceptions of stress and coping when transitioning to adulthood with autism: A photovoice study
Authors: First Jennifer M , Cheak-Zamora Nancy C , Teti Michelle , Maurer-Batjer Anna , L First Nathan
Published: February 2018

Transitioning into adulthood can be challenging and stressful process for youth living with autism spectrum disorder. Few studies have examined the perspectives of youth with autism spectrum disorder during the transition to adulthood. Using the participatory methodology of photovoice among 11 young adults with autism spectrum disorder aged 18–23, this study’s aim was to identify strategies and resources youth with autism spectrum disorder utilize to cope with stress when transitioning to adulthood. Qualitative phenomenological analysis of participant narratives and photographs revealed four main themes. These included: (1) utilizing music, books, and physical exercise; (2) seeking support; (3) spirituality; and (4) building self-esteem and confidence. These findings provide insight into youth experiences of stress and coping when transitioning to adulthood with autism. Identifying the coping experiences of youth with autism spectrum disorder is important for the design of future programs, services, and policies supporting transition-aged youth with autism spectrum disorder.
Prescribed performance-based low-computational cost fuzzy control of a hypersonic vehicle using non-affine models
Authors: Bu Xiangwei , Xiao Yu
Published: February 2018

A novel adaptive fuzzy control approach with low computational costs is addressed for the longitudinal non-affine model of a generic hypersonic vehicle subject to parametric uncertainties, capable of guaranteeing that altitude and velocity tracking errors exhibit prescribed performance. A new performance function is devised to impose preselected bounds on the transient and steady-state tracking error performance, and then a transformed error is constructed, which converts the original “constrained” system into an equivalent “unconstrained” one for the simplicity of control designs. Furthermore, a simplified fuzzy controller is exploited for the altitude subsystem, eliminating the issue of “explosion of complexity” that is associated with back-stepping control. For the velocity subsystem, a prescribed performance-based proportional–integral controller is utilized. The special contributions of the proposed control strategy are that it can guarantee altitude and velocity tracking errors with desired transient and steady-state performance, and meanwhile the computational load is quite low. Finally, numerical simulation results are presented to verify the efficiency of the design.
Biomechanical Evaluations of Bed-to-Wheelchair Transfer: Gait Belt Versus Walking Belt
Authors: Tang Ruoliang , Holland Margaret , Milbauer Michelle , Olson Elise , Skora Janelle , Kapellusch Jay M. , Garg Arun
Published: February 2018

Nursing personnel, particularly caregivers who frequently perform manual patient transfer tasks, are at risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The purpose of this study was to perform biomechanical evaluations of bed-to-wheelchair transfer using two low-cost assistive devices: walking belt and gait belt. Twenty-eight college students, serving as caregivers, transferred 14 students, serving as patients. “Caregiver” spinal loading and strength requirements at major joints were measured using a 3D Static Strength Prediction Model. “Caregiver”-perceived stresses were assessed using the Borg CR-10 Scale. “Patient” safety and comfort ratings were determined using Likert-type scales. The findings indicated that transferring “patients” using walking belts with a pulling technique produced significantly lower biomechanical stress than using gait belts. “Patients” also felt more comfortable and safer during walking belt transfers. It is recommended that health care facilities should consider use of walking belts in place of gait belts to transfer partially weight-bearing patients.
Fixing STEM Workforce and Teacher Shortages: How Goal Congruity Can Inform Individuals and Institutions
Authors: Diekman Amanda B. , Benson-Greenwald Tessa M.
Published: February 2018

As demands increase for individuals with expertise in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), educational institutions and workplaces seek to identify strategies to recruit and retain talented individuals in STEM pathways. We investigate recruitment and retention into the STEM workforce and into primary and secondary STEM education careers by analyzing whether a particular role allows an individual to fulfill goals. The two occupational pathways reviewed here pose different goal congruity challenges: The STEM workforce seems to lack communal (other-oriented) goal opportunities, but math and science K-12 teaching seems to lack agentic (self-oriented) goal opportunities. Restructuring educational and occupational roles to maximize the pursuit of valued goals can encourage STEM recruitment and retention.
Supporting Healthy Relationships in Low-Income Couples: Lessons Learned and Policy Implications
Authors: Karney Benjamin R. , Bradbury Thomas N. , Lavner Justin A.
Published: February 2018

For the past two decades, policymakers have invested heavily in promoting the quality and stability of intimate relationships in low-income communities. To date, these efforts have emphasized relationship-skills education, but large-scale evaluations of these programs indicate that they have produced negligible benefits. Current policies are limited by their unfounded assumption that low-income couples have needs similar to more affluent couples. In contrast, recent research finds that financially disadvantaged environments confront low-income couples with unique challenges in maintaining intimacy. Rather than skills training, these couples need policies that address the real circumstances that affect their day-to-day well-being. Preliminary evidence from military families and antipoverty programs suggests that providing couples with financial security may have indirect positive effects on their relationships. New policies that promote financial well-being may be more effective at supporting low-income couples than interventions targeting relationships directly.
Measurement of third-order elastic constants and stress dependent coefficients for steels
Authors: Takahashi Sennosuke
Published: February 2018

Background

There has been little discussion of the third-order elastic constants of steels in the literature until now. In this study, the precise second- and third-order elastic constants of polycrystalline steels were measured under adiabatic and isothermal conditions.

Method

To measure the minute change in the propagation time of the elastic wave corresponding to the tensile stress, the uniform and isotropic specimens were processed with high precision, the measuring instruments were strictly calibrated, and the temperature of the measurement chamber was kept constant. The author proposes an experimental formula to obtain the third-order elastic constants of steels. The stress dependent coefficients α
ij
in this formula are absolutely necessary to obtain the third-order elastic constants.

Results

The obtained stress dependent coefficients clearly indicated that there is a special relationship between the directions of stress and that of the oscillation of the elastic wave. When the frequency direction of the elastic wave matched the direction of the applied stress, α
ij
became a larger negative value. Lamè constants and Murnaghan’s third-order elastic constants ℓ,m,n were obtained for four types of steels.

Conclusions

The second- and third-order elastic constants under adiabatic conditions were smaller than those under isothermal conditions. Oscillation of crystal lattice is nonlinear and this is observed as the third-order elastic constants. Therefore, it is possible to obtain the knowledge on the internal stress and the thermal properties of the materials. This is also the basis of theoretical discussion of the thermal expansion coefficients.
Paleogene sequence framework and depositional systems in the Sunda and Asri Basins, Indonesia
Authors: Zhu Xiaomin , Li Shunli , Ge Jiawang , Zhong Dakang , Zhang Qin , Ge Defa
Published: February 2018

Based on seismic reflection characteristics, lithologic associations, and basin structure evolution stages, the Banuwati Formation, Zelda and Gita Members in the Oligocene could be divided into six third-order sequences. The new sequence framework has been established in the Sunda and Asri Basins. Sequence relationship between wells and seismic data has been implemented in the basin scale through the use of synthetical seismic records of 14 wells. Depositional systems, such as delta, fan-delta, nearshore subaqueous fan, and fluvial, are identified in the Banuwati Formation, Zelda and Gita Members. Alluvial fan, subaqueous fan, and fan delta occurred on the steep slopes of the basins. Deltas were mainly developed on the gentle slopes of the basins. There were three separated small basins with fluvial and shore-shallow lake deposition in the Banuwati Formation (SQ1). During the Lower Zelda (SQ2) sedimentation, the former separated small basins enlarged in a certain extent where delta and subaqueous fan were developed. Major lacustrine facies under deepwater environments and deltaic facies developed in the Upper-Lower Zelda and Middle-Upper Zelda (SQ3, SQ4). The sedimentary situation was almost the same as the Middle Zelda, but the water depth became shallower during Upper Zelda sedimentation. Later, fluvial and swamp developed in the upper part of the Upper Zelda and Gita Member (SQ5, SQ6). In general, basin sedimentary evolution is consistent with tectonic evolution. Finally, the favorable sandstone distribution in the Banuwati and Mid-Upper Zelda Member for further exploration was predicted according to the depositional systems, slope break, and present hydrocarbon occurrence. Three fields or eight favorable plays should be paid attention to for further exploration in the Sunda and Asri Basins, Indonesia.
Quantitative characterization and controlling factor analysis of the morphology of Bukuma-minor channel on southern Niger Delta slope
Authors: Zhao Xiaoming , Qi Kun , Liu Li , Xie Tao , Li Minghua , Hu Guangyi
Published: February 2018

The target of this study is the Bukuma-minor channel that is distributed along the southern Niger Delta slope. It overlaid the eastern outer levee of the adjacent Bukuma Channel System (BCS) to the north, but it converged westward into BCS to the south. Significant morphological variations between and within these two parts (referred to here as sections A and B) as well as their controlling factors were investigated quantitatively, using high-resolution 3D seismic data: (1) Changes of palaeotopographic gradients were supposed to be the largest contributor to morphological variations in section A (consisting of sections A1 and A2). Section A1 was developed on the low-gradient sector and characterized by the wide and shallow segment, with a relatively sinuous flowpath, whereas section A2, corresponding to a steep slope, was a linearly entrenched one, characterized by the narrow and deep segment. In addition, there were some positive correlations among geometric parameters in section A1, which, however, had been undermined by the large gradient in section A2. (2) Strong confinement of BCS results in the larger width, smaller thickness, and more stable sinuosity of section B. In general, correlations among geometric parameters in this part are not significant. In light of these correlations among geometric parameters and the influence of palaeotopographic gradients, we established an evolutionary model for general submarine channels.
Assembled genomic and tissue-specific transcriptomic data resources for two genetically distinct lines of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)
Authors: Spriggs Andrew , Henderson Steven T. , Hand Melanie L. , Johnson Susan D. , Taylor Jennifer M. , Koltunow Anna
Published: February 2018

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is an important legume crop for food security in areas of low-input and smallholder farming throughout Africa and Asia. Genetic improvements are required to increase yield and resilience to biotic and abiotic stress and to enhance cowpea crop performance. An integrated cowpea genomic and gene expression data resource has the potential to greatly accelerate breeding and the delivery of novel genetic traits for cowpea. Extensive genomic resources for cowpea have been absent from the public domain; however, a recent early release reference genome for IT97K-499-35 (Vigna unguiculata v1.0, NSF, UCR, USAID, DOE-JGI, http://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/) has now been established in a collaboration between the Joint Genome Institute (JGI) and University California (UC) Riverside. Here we release supporting genomic and transcriptomic data for IT97K-499-35 and a second transformable cowpea variety, IT86D-1010. The transcriptome resource includes six tissue-specific datasets for each variety, with particular emphasis on reproductive tissues that extend and support the V. unguiculata v1.0 reference. Annotations have been included in our resource to allow direct mapping to the v1.0 cowpea reference. Access to this resource provided here is supported by raw and assembled data downloads.
International trade
Authors: Руднева Анастасия , Rudneva Anastasiya
Published: February 2018

The textbook examines the essence, place and role of international trade in the system of modern world economic relations and in ensuring international economic security, as well as forms and methods of international trade. Particular attention is paid to the specifics of pricing and state regulation of this form of MEO, including in the framework of the world trade organization, as well as trends in the development of international trade in the context of the transformation of its geographical and commodity structure, taking into account modern challenges and threats. The textbook is intended for bachelors studying in the direction of "Economics", graduate students, teachers and a wide range of readers interested in the discipline.
The Chinese Postman Problem with Load-Dependent Costs
Authors: Corberán Ángel , Erdoğan Güneş , Laporte Gilbert , Plana Isaac , Sanchis José M.
Published: February 2018

We introduce an interesting variant of the well-known Chinese postman problem (CPP). While in the CPP the cost of traversing an edge is a constant (equal to its length), in the variant we present here the cost of traversing an edge depends on its length and on the weight of the vehicle at the moment it is traversed. This problem is inspired by the perspective of minimizing pollution in transportation, since the amount of pollution emitted by a vehicle not only depends on the travel distance but also on its load, among other factors. We define the problem, study its computational complexity, provide two mathematical programming formulations, and propose two metaheuristics for its solution. Extensive computational experiments reveal the extraordinary difficulty of this problem.
Gaining NHS ethical approval from the perspective of a biomedical engineering team
Authors: Jones Hannah , Nazarpour Kianoush
Published: February 2018

Gaining ethical approval to conduct collaborative research in the NHS is transitioning. The process of gaining ethical approval from a Research Ethics Committee was viewed as cumbersome within the UK. This viewpoint fuelled continuous improvement of the approval system, most recently implemented by the Health Research Authority. This paper documents an 8-month process of gaining ethical approval, under Proportionate Review, to recruit NHS patients, by an academic biomedical engineering laboratory. Within the field of prosthetic healthcare technology, the multidisciplinary laboratory adopted co-design principles to establish an effective relationship with clinicians to collaboratively gain approval. The challenges and recommendations of acquiring such approval are presented in this paper, including time commitment, project management, strategic networks and stakeholder engagement. The authors believe that academic biomedical engineering research is ideally situated to collaborate with the healthcare sector. By forging a collaborative approach, biomedical engineering can lead in the translation of technology from early stage research to clinical adoption. This vision will be facilitated by gaining an understanding of the NHS ethical approval process. The paper provides insight to this regard, with the aim of informing academic, research management and healthcare domains of this transitioning field of work.
Will place-based leadership be the right remedy for health and social care?
Authors: Worrall Rob , Leech Darren
Published: February 2018

This article argues that developing more sustainable and effective local health and social care systems by taking a place based approach requires a new model for leadership development. Leaders will now be required to share power, contradicting a preceding social policy that emphasised competition – policy now places greater emphasis on collaboration and a ‘systems approach’. Leaders in this new environment will need to build mutual respect and trusting relationships in order to address complex issues – rather than thinking they can be managed from one organisation's perspective. This will require conscious development and an understanding of the cultural tensions involved. Place-based leadership development across health and social care systems offers leaders an opportunity to work on themselves, together, and it is this collective journey of discovery that creates the necessary leadership capability development as social capital, enabling place based public value to be achieved.
The competitive mare
Authors: Nicklin Claire
Published: February 2018

Claire Nicklin BSc (Hons) of Twemlows Stud Farm discusses the embryo transfer option
Ideas and inspiration at BETA conference
Authors: Williams Claire
Published: February 2018

British Equestrian Trade Association executive director Claire Williams provides an overview of the 2017 BETA conference
Addressing unwarranted variation in the NHS
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: February 2018

Ian Peate, Head of the School of Health Studies, Gibraltar, discusses how nurses can help reduce unjustifiable differences in care provision
An absorbent, enzyme-inhibiting seal reduces peristomal skin complications
Authors: McGroggan Grace , Haughey Sarah , McDowell Karen
Published: February 2018

Background:

Moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) to peristomal skin causes significant discomfort and is expensive to treat. It can be avoided by wicking moisture away from skin and controlling the source of excessive moisture with an absorbent seal.

Method:

In vitro testing determined the capacity for moisture absorption and combined faecal enzyme (elastase and lipase) inhibition of seven comparable leading UK ostomy seals. Ostomates using Eakin Cohesive® Seals were sent a postal questionnaire to rank the efficacy of this seal, while a different questionnaire was sent to stoma care nurses to rank the relative efficacy of different ostomy seals.

Results:

Eakin Cohesive Seals had the highest absorption capacity (4.0 g/g), while the range of absorption capacities for other seals was 1.0–2.9 g/g. The enzyme inhibition capacities of Coloplast Brava® Protective Seals and Eakin Cohesive Seals were 94.35% and 72.39% respectively, with other seals ranging from 39.45% to 59.96%. Users (n=2801) found Eakin Cohesive Seals helped prevent leakage (92.5%) and skin problems (73.3%), as well as treating sore skin (68.5%). Of nurses (n=194), 90.2% rated Eakin Cohesive Seal as good or excellent for treating denuded or excoriated skin.

Conclusion:

Eakin Cohesive Seals were highly absorptive, and this provided tangible clinical benefits.
Análise dos erros numa versão portuguesa do Token Test
Authors: Coutada Sara Leite Braga , Albuquerque Cristina Petrucci
Published: February 2018

Este estudo reporta-se a uma versão portuguesa do Token Test (TT), o Teste de Compreensão de Instruções (TCI) da BANC (Bateria de Avaliação Neuropsicológica de Coimbra), que avalia a linguagem recetiva. Centra-se na análise quantitativa e qualitativa dos erros cometidos por crianças neste teste, a fim de identificar erros predominantes, bem como dificuldades específicas na compreensão de determinados conceitos linguísticos. A amostra é constituída por um total de 295 crianças, de três níveis etários (7, 8 e 9 anos), das quais 149 são do sexo masculino e 146 do sexo feminino. Os erros cometidos foram classificados, quantificados e objeto de uma análise psicolinguística. Os principais erros reportam-se a locativos, números ordinais e conceitos de exclusão e inversão temporal, bem como a conjunções. A este respeito, registaram-se dificuldades na interpretação da conjunção coordenativa e, quando liga duas orações com o mesmo referente, e da conjunção adversativa mas, quando introduz igualdade. A análise psicolinguística também chamou a atenção para o papel que a memória de trabalho pode desempenhar neste teste. Em conclusão, a análise dos erros evidenciou dificuldades de compreensão inacessíveis através da simples cotação das respostas infantis como corretas ou incorretas.
The role of molecular genetic methods in the diagnosis of McCune—Albright syndrome
Authors: Makazan Nadezhda V. , Orlova Elizaveta M. , Kolodkina Anna A. , Kareva Maria A. , Kalinchenko Natalia Yu. , Vasilyev Evgeniy V. , Tiulpakov Anatoliy N. , Peterkova Valentina A.
Published: February 2018

McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare genetic disorder which is caused by somatic mutations in the GNAS gene. Clinical symptoms of MAS include café-au-lait skin pigmentation, fibrous dysplasia, and autonomous endocrine hyperfunction. Somatic character of the gene defects determines wide variety of syndrome manifestations, from mild forms with minimum presentation to severe conditions with aggressive course. Potential multicomponent form of the MAS syndrome necessitates the dynamic monitoring, including regular screening for possible components of the disease. Therefore, additional methods specifying the diagnosis of MAS syndrome, especially of its suppressed forms, should facilitate selection of patient management strategy and monitoring rate and/or complete exclusion of the diagnosis. Molecular genetic verification of the diagnosis may be one of these methods.
Objective — the study was aimed at evaluating massive parallel sequencing (next generation sequencing, NGS) and real-time polymerase chain reaction using the TaqMan technique for detection of somatic mutations (competitive allele-specific TaqMan PCR, CAST-PCR) in the diagnosis of somatic mutations R201C and R201H in the GNAS gene based on DNA obtained from the peripheral blood.
Material and methods. The study included patients diagnosed with and suspected for MAS syndrome. Molecular genetic testing of R201C and R201H mutations in the GNAS gene based on DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes was carried out by Next generation sequencing (NGS) and real-time polymerase chain reaction methods using the TaqMan technique for detection of somatic mutations (competitive allele-specific TaqMan PCR, CAST-PCR). Based on clinical data, patients were divided into groups depending on the severity of the disease and the number of MAS manifestations. The results were evaluated by comparing the rate of detected molecular genetic defects in the formed groups of patients.
Results. Molecular genetic study included 39 children with MAS syndrome and 6 children with suspected MAS. R201C and R201H mutations in GNAS gene were detected in 16 patients with severe to moderate MAS 16 (41%) 39. No mutations were detected in other MAS patients and patients with suspected MAS.
Conclusion. NGS and CAST-PCR methods can detect the presence of mutant alleles R201C and R201H of GNAS gene in DNA samples obtained from the blood in the case of severe to moderate MAS syndrome, but they cannot be recommended for MAS diagnosis based on the peripheral blood samples in children with mild signs of the syndrome or suspected diagnosis.
Clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of MODY1—3 cases in the Russian Federation as shown by NGS
Authors: Zubkova Natalya A. , Gioeva Olesya A. , Tikhonovich Yulia V. , Petrov Vasily M. , Vasilyev Evgeny V. , Timofeev Alexei V. , Tiulpakov Anatoly N.
Published: February 2018

Objective — the research was aimed at studying clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of the most common subtypes of MODY (1—3) detected by NGS.
Material and methods. The study included 312 patients (162 boys and 150 girls) aged 3 months to 25 years with suspected MODY. Inclusion criteria were as follows: carbohydrate metabolism disorders of varying severity, negative titer of ICA, IA2, and GAD autoantibodies, preserved secretion of endogenous insulin. NGS technique was used for molecular genetic studies. Custom DNA Panel was used for the multiplex PCR and sequencing using the Ion Ampliseq technique. Custom Diabetes Panel included 28 genes (13 MODY candidates genes and other diabetes-associated genes). Non-synonymous mutations that were not previously described were rated as «probably pathogenic» if they had minor allele frequency of <0.1% and «pathogenic» when assessed against the ANNOVAR database.
Results. Mutations in MODY candidate genes were detected in 178 (57.1%) probands. Of these, 99 mutations in GCK99 gene were found in 129 (41.4%) probands and 77 relatives, 20 mutations in HNF1A gene were found in 19 (6.1%) probands and 14 relatives, 8 mutations in HNF4A gene — in 9 (2.9%) probands and 3 relatives. All detected mutations were heterozygous. MODY1 subtype was not previously described in the Russian Federation.
Conclusions. The Russian population is dominated by MODY2 subtype. Only MODY2 is characterized by typical clinical presentation. NGS is a highly effective method in the diagnosis of MODY.
Treatment of hypoparathyroidism with the recombinant parathyroid hormone (1—34) in a female patient with type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome: the first experience in the Russian Federation
Authors: Sozaeva Leila S. , Orlova Elizaveta M. , Kareva Maria A. , Sviridenko Natalya Yu. , Molashenko Natalya V. , Kuzmin Anatoly G. , Peterkova Valentina A.
Published: February 2018

Hypoparathyroidism is one of the major symptoms of type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome. Currently, vitamin D preparations are the treatment of choice for hypoparathyroidism of any etiology. The treatment with these medications is quite effective to normalize and maintain calcium level. The world experience in application of the recombinant parathyroid hormone for the treatment of hypoparathyroidism is very limited and indications for its use are not determined. However, there are increasingly more publications reflecting the experience in treatment of patients with hypoparathyroidism with the parathyroid hormone.
Type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome is characterized by multiform clinical manifestations and for this reason it is often difficult to achieve compensation using replacement therapy. Autoimmune enteropathy often develops, which leads to severe malabsorption of nutrients and drugs in the intestine and inefficient replacement therapy, which necessitates a special approach and additional recommendations for the treatment of these patients with combined pathology of several organs and systems. This article describes the first Russian experience in the use of teriparatide pump therapy in a female patients with hypoparathyroidism as a part of severe autoimmune polyglandular syndrome.
The role of the kidneys in glucose homeostasis
Authors: Mkrtumyan Ashot M. , Markova Tatyana N. , Mishchenko Nadezhda K.
Published: February 2018

Until recently, in was believed that degradation of insulin is the main function of the kidneys in maintaining glucose homeostasis. The results of numerous studies showed that the kidneys are involved in filling the energy needs of the body due to the following three key processes: gluconeogenesis, uptake and reabsorption of glucose molecules. The characteristic feature of gluconeogenesis that occurs in the kidneys lies in the fact that it depends on the time elapsed since the last meal. Thus, gluconeogenesis that occurs in the cortical substance of the kidneys provides up to 90% of the glucose entering the blood in the post-absorptive period and up to 60% in the postprandial period. Glucose reabsorption from the glomerular filtrate occurs in the proximal convoluted tubules assisted by sodium-glucose cotransporters, sodium-glucose cotransporters 2 (SGLT2) being the most important of them. It is known that the cells of the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) contain significantly more SGLT2 proteins compared to those of healthy individuals. The discovery of the important role of the kidneys in glucose homeostasis led to investigation of the new links in DM2 pathogenesis and the development of a promising approach to its treatment using SGLT2 inhibitors.
Perkembangan Fisik-Motorik Anak 4-5 Tahun Pada Permendikbud no. 137 Tahun 2014 (Kajian Konsep Perkembangan Anak)
Authors: Aghnaita Aghnaita
Published: February 2018

Pendidikan anak usia dini pada hakikatnya ialah pendidikan yang diselenggarakan dengan tujuan untuk memfasilitasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak secara menyeluruh atau menekankan pada pengembangan seluruh aspek kepribadian anak. Perkembangan anak ditinjau dari aspek masa atau umur tertentu, meliputi perkembangan fisik-motorik, sosial-emosional, moral keagamaan, dan perkembangan kognitif. Perkembangan fisik-motorik anak usia 4-5 tahun terdiri dari perkembangan fisik, motorik kasar, dan motorik halus. Hal ini telah diatur dalam Permendikbud Republik Indonesia No. 137 Tahun 2014 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Pada Bab III terkait “Standar Tingkat Pencapaian Perkembangan Anak” dan Bab IV terkait “Standar Isi” pada ayat (1) dan (3). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis terhadap kebijakan tersebut, dikaji berdasarkan teori pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Terdapat perbedaan yang cukup spesifik terhadap perkembangan anak usia 4 dan 5 tahun, sehingga hendaknya ada penjabaran yang lebih rinci akan perkembangan anak setiap tahunnya, tidak hanya secara interval.
A biblioteca como espaço de mediação cultural e de educação estética
Authors: Neitzel Adair De Aguilar , Ferri Cássia , Borba Adeneri Nogueira de
Published: February 2018

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo discutir sobre a potência cultural das bibliotecas escolares e universitárias, por conseguinte sobre sua contribuição para a educação estética dos usuários.  É uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo e tem como corpus de análise duas bibliotecas em Itajaí, Santa Catarina, Brasil, sendo uma a Biblioteca Pública Municipal e Escolar Norberto Cândido Silveira Jr. e a outra a Biblioteca Central e Comunitária da Universidade do Vale do Itajaí. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram observações registradas em diários de campo, documentos institucionais e fotografias. A análise dos dados pautou-se nos procedimentos da análise de conteúdo, segundo Franco (2008). Os resultados apontam que ambas as bibliotecas se constituem como espaços prioritários de leitura e pesquisa e, mesmo com algumas limitações físicas, elas exploram seus espaços para promover a convivência, a experiência, a cultura e a educação estética. Por meio da análise efetuada, foi possível identificar que os espaços das bibliotecas apontam para a trilogia informar, discutir e criar, revelando sua potência cultural.
Priority Scheduling in the Planning of Multiple-Structure Construction Projects
Authors: Radziszewska-Zielina E. , Sroka B.
Published: February 2018

The paper presents a method of priority scheduling that is useful during the planning of multiple-structure construction projects. This approach is an extension of the concept of interactive scheduling. In priority scheduling, it is the planner that can determine how important each of the technological and organisational constraints are to them. A planner’s preferences can be defined through developing a ranking list that defines which constraints are the most important, and those whose completion can come second. The planner will be able to model the constraints that appear at a construction site more flexibly. The article presents a general linear programming model of the planning of multiple-structure construction projects, as well as various values of each of the parameters that allow us to obtain different planning effects. The proposed model has been implemented in a computer program and its effectiveness has been presented on a calculation example.
Introducing autonomous driving: an overview of safety challenges and market introduction strategies
Authors: Winner Hermann
Published: February 2018

Autonomous driving as a future technology seems to revolutionize mobility. However, even a first glance reveals the heterogeneity of this topic. After a discussion of various terms and characteristics, the necessary safety will be examined. Multiple strategies of introduction are compared and the remaining challenges for safe autonomous driving are presented.
Prototyping an autonomous delivery vehicle
Authors: Heinrich Benjamin C. , Luettel Thorsten , Fassbender Dennis , Burger Patrick , Ebert Felix , Himmelsbach Michael , Jaspers Hanno , Kusenbach Michael , Mueller Georg R. , Naujoks Benjamin , Orth Felix , Schmitt Fabian , Wuensche Hans-Joachim
Published: February 2018

In this paper, we describe the hardware and software components of a fully autonomous prototype delivery vehicle. Equipped with a robotic arm, the demonstrator is capable of delivering packages and picking up new ones by interacting with custom-made delivery boxes. As highly accurate positioning w. r. t. a box is required for successful handover of packages, we track the pose (position and orientation) of the box using a high-resolution on-board camera. The resulting estimate is relayed to our planning and control modules, which ensure that the vehicle reaches its required pose with centimeter-level accuracy.

In order to deliver packages, the car needs to autonomously navigate our test facility, avoiding static and dynamic obstacles while obeying simple traffic rules. As one focus is on the practical challenges encountered when building a prototype, we cover issues ranging from sensor calibration and system identification to perception, planning, control, and the implementation of high-level behaviors. While some of the proposed solutions to these problems are not necessarily novel, they allowed us to demonstrate the vehicle’s capabilities after a development phase of less than 12 months.
Kooperativ interagierende Automobile
Authors: Stiller Christoph , Burgard Wolfram , Deml Barbara , Eckstein Lutz , Flemisch Frank
Published: February 2018

Die Verknüpfung von Automatisierung mit Vernetzung von Fahrzeugen weist in langfristiger Betrachtung eine kaum überschätzbare ökonomische, ökologische und gesellschaftliche Relevanz auf. In der langfristigen Vision wird die vernetzte Automatisierung unseren Straßenverkehr grundlegend verändern. Kooperatives Verhalten zwischen Verkehrsteilnehmern wird dadurch automatisiert erfolgen und somit das Regelverhalten bilden. Außerdem eröffnet technische Kooperation im Vergleich zur heutigen manuellen Kooperation zwischen Verkehrsteilnehmern qualitativ verbesserte und neuartige funktionale Möglichkeiten aufgrund der erzielbaren Latenzzeit, Genauigkeit, Eindeutigkeit und Verlässlichkeit automatischen Verhaltens. Entsprechend aufeinander abgestimmte Trajektorien weisen eine höhere erreichbare Dichte, Geschwindigkeit und Sicherheit auf. Bei langfristig zu erwartendem hohem Durchdringungsgrad des Straßenverkehrs mit vernetzten automatischen Verkehrsteilnehmern sind sichere und hocheffiziente Verkehrsflüsse denkbar, die biologischen Schwarmbewegungen nahe kommen. Dieser Überblicksbeitrag beschreibt den Stand der Forschung in den wesentlichen Forschungsfeldern und das von der DFG eingerichtete Schwerpunktprogramm Kooperativ interagierende Automobile.
The importance of detecting anti-DFS70 in routine clinical practice: comparison of different care settings
Authors: Bonroy Carolien , Schouwers Sofie , Berth Mario , Stubbe Muriel , Piette Yves , Hoffman Ilse , Devreese Katrien , Van Hoovels Lieve
Published: February 2018

Background:

Screening for antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence (ANA-IIF) is essential in the diagnostic workup of ANA-associated autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AARDs). However, also healthy individuals may test positive, making the interpretation challenging. Recent reports suggest that dense fine speckled 70 antibodies (anti-DFS70) may facilitate this challenge. Here, we investigate their clinical importance based on data from four Belgian laboratories (one primary, two secondary and one tertiary care).

Methods:

At least one specific DFS70 assay (DFS70 IgG ELISA or lineblot [Euroimmun, full length antigen] and/or DFS70 IgG CLIA [Inova Diagnostics, truncated antigen]) was performed on four consecutive cohorts of homogeneous-like ANA-IIF samples (n=697). Co-occurrence with AARD-specific ANA and clinical information were documented in the anti-DFS70-positive samples.

Results:

Using a combination of solid phase techniques, we found between 7.6% and 26% anti-DFS70 in the different cohorts. Focusing on anti-DFS70 CLIA-positive samples without co-occurrence of AARD-specific ANA, we observed a trend towards lower frequency in tertiary (8% [p=0.0786]) and secondary care (12% [p=0.1275] and 6% [p<0.001]) compared to primary care (21%). Moreover, in this specific subpopulation, AARD was less frequent (0%–50% compared to 6%–77% in the total anti-DFS70-positive group).

Conclusions:

Anti-DFS70 prevalence depends on the applied assay and care setting. Our data suggest that, for an ANA-IIF-positive patient, it is rather the absence of AARD-associated ANA and clinical symptoms that contribute to the exclusion of AARD than the presence of anti-DFS70. Nevertheless, isolated anti-DFS70 helps to clarify positive ANA-IIF results, especially if pretest probability for AARD is low.
Linking type 2 diabetes and gynecological cancer: an introductory overview
Authors: Anastasi Emanuela , Filardi Tiziana , Tartaglione Sara , Lenzi Andrea , Angeloni Antonio , Morano Susanna
Published: February 2018

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic disease with a growing prevalence and a leading cause of death in many countries. Several epidemiological studies observed an association between T2D and increased risk of many types of cancer, such as gynecologic neoplasms (endometrial, cervical, ovarian and vulvar cancer). Insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and high free ovarian steroid hormones are considered the possible mechanisms behind this complex relationship. A higher risk of endometrial cancer was observed in T2D, even though this association largely attenuated after adjusting for obesity. A clear relationship between the incidence of cervical cancer (CC) and T2D has still not be determined; however T2D might have an impact on prognosis in patients with CC. To date, studies on the association between T2D and ovarian cancer (OC) are limited. The effect of pre-existing diabetes on cancer-specific mortality has been evaluated in several studies, with less clear results. Other epidemiological and experimental studies focused on the potential role of diabetes medications, mainly metformin, in cancer development in women. The correct understanding of the link between T2D and gynecologic cancer risk and mortality is currently imperative to possibly modify screening and diagnostic-therapeutic protocols in the future.
Quality and future of clinical laboratories: the Vico’s whole cyclical theory of the recurring cycles
Authors: Plebani Mario
Published: February 2018

In the last few decades, laboratory medicine has undergone monumental changes, and laboratory technology, which has made enormous advances, now has new clinical applications thanks to the identification of a growing number of biomarkers and risk factors conducive to the promotion of predictive and preventive interventions that have enhanced the role of laboratory medicine in health care delivering. However, the paradigm shift in the past 50 years has led to a gap between laboratory and clinic, with an increased risk of inappropriateness in test request and interpretation, as well as the consolidation of analytical work in focused factories and megastructurers oriented only toward achieving greater volumes, decreasing cost per test and generating a vision of laboratory services as simple commodities. A careful historical revision of the changing models for delivering laboratory services in the United States leads to the prediction that there are several reasons for counteracting the vision of clinical laboratory as a commodity, and restoring the true nature of laboratory services as an integral part of the diagnosis and therapy process. The present study, which reports on internal and external drivers for change, proposes an integrated vision of quality in laboratory medicine.
Magnetic and velocity fields in a dynamo operating at extremely small Ekman and magnetic Prandtl numbers
Authors: Šimkanin Ján , Kyselica Juraj
Published: February 2018

Numerical simulations of the geodynamo are becoming more realistic because of advances in computer technology. Here, the geodynamo model is investigated numerically at the extremely low Ekman and magnetic Prandtl numbers using the PARODY dynamo code. These parameters are more realistic than those used in previous numerical studies of the geodynamo. Our model is based on the Boussinesq approximation and the temperature gradient between upper and lower boundaries is a source of convection. This study attempts to answer the question how realistic the geodynamo models are. Numerical results show that our dynamo belongs to the strong-field dynamos. The generated magnetic field is dipolar and large-scale while convection is small-scale and sheet-like flows (plumes) are preferred to a columnar convection. Scales of magnetic and velocity fields are separated, which enables hydromagnetic dynamos to maintain the magnetic field at the low magnetic Prandtl numbers. The inner core rotation rate is lower than that in previous geodynamo models. On the other hand, dimensional magnitudes of velocity and magnetic fields and those of the magnetic and viscous dissipation are larger than those expected in the Earth’s core due to our parameter range chosen.
Anti-D-induced severe hemolytic disease of the newborn in an Omani newborn born a rhesus-positive mother
Authors: Nazir Hanan F. , Al Harrasi Huda , Al Hosni Saif , Al Rawas Abdulhakeem , Al-Riyami Arwa , Fawaz Naglaa
Published: February 2018

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) due to anti-D antibodies is a well-known complication of rhesus (Rh) incompatibility, encountered in D-positive babies born to alloimmunized D-negative mothers who have been sensitized during previous labor or abortion. Here, we report a case of significant hemolytic disease of the newborn due to the presence of anti-D antibodies in an Rh-positive baby born to an Rh-positive mother. The boy presented at day 1 of life with neonatal jaundice and required intensive phototherapy. His hemoglobin (Hb) concentration gradually dropped from 17 g/dL to 6.6 g/dL. The blood bank workup revealed O Rh-positive blood group, with a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and confirmed the presence of anti-D antibodies. His mother was typed as O Rh positive, with a negative DAT and positive anti-D. He required two blood transfusions, and his Hb stabilized at the age of 7 weeks. Anti-D HDFN is a rare complication of Rh-positive and Rh-weak positive pregnancies. The lack of awareness of this phenomenon is often a source of confusion for clinicians. A literature review of similar cases and possible explanations are discussed.
Euroregions as Soft Spaces: Between Consolidation and Transformation
Authors: Telle Stefan
Published: February 2018

National borders constitute barriers to social, economic and political processes and, thus, tend to contribute to the peripheralisation of border regions. The paper compares the evolution of two euroregions in peripheral central European border regions, whose objective is to overcome such negative border effects by promoting cross-border cooperation at the regional level. On a theoretical level, the paper argues for an understanding of euroregions as soft spaces. Rather than viewing them primarily as instances of state rescaling, the paper emphasizes their role as adaptive service providers for local constituencies. It is suggested that their long-term stability depends on their relation to, and the internal dynamics of, politico-administrative hard spaces at the regional, national, and supranational level. While hard spaces are associated with the notion of the Weberian bureaucratic state, soft spaces combine many of the ideas of the New Public Management literature. Building on an organizational ecology perspective, the paper forwards the argument that stable, resourceful, and accessible hard spaces constitute a predictable and engaging environment within which softer arrangements may compete for the delivery of services. However, the interplay between soft and hard spaces tends to have an impact on the euroregions’ agendas. While EU cohesion policy provides incentives to strengthen horizontal cross-border coordination, the organizational integration of the two euroregions remained rather loose, testifying to the continued importance of domestic prerogatives.
Spatio-Temporal Differentiation of Cancer Incidence in Slovakia
Authors: Vilinová Katarína , Repaská Gabriela , Vojtek Matej , Dubcová Alena
Published: February 2018

Coping with the prevention, diagnosis and therapy of cancers is a challenging medical task with continuing consequences for the development of population health status and economy of health in each country. The occurrence of cancers shows an upward trend in the world. A comprehensive fight against cancers should involve the spatial aspect which is best applied in the field of medical geography. The key indicators for the surveillance of cancers include mortality and incidence, but also prevalence. Incidence plays a more and more important role in the period of an increase in cancers. In the investigation of this issue specific analytical methods were used, such as spatial autocorrelation. Standardized cancer incidence in Slovakia was analyzed in the case of men and women. The years 1997, 2009 and the period 1997–2009 were chosen to compare the incidence. The results of partial analyses show the situation in districts of Slovakia from the perspective of incidence development and its spatial differentiation.