bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Globalization and Possibilities for Intercultural Awareness
Authors: Abbadi Sawsan
Published: July 2016

This case study explores the teaching and learning of Arabic at one Catholic university campus, with a focus upon the complex interactions between language and culture in a postmodern globalized context. Specifically, it examines the use of “multimodal culture portfolios” as a means to engage students both linguistically and culturally in classroom and community discourses. Through their interactions and co-construction of knowledge with other participants, these students are led to think about the multiple communicative contexts that are shaping and being shaped by them. Data collection was conducted through survey questionnaires and students' responses to the assigned culture portfolio. The participants were made up of students enrolled in first year Arabic courses during the 2012 spring semester. The purpose of this exploratory case is to attempt to understand students' investments in Arabic and their cultural knowledge of the Arab world pre and post their enrollment in the Arabic courses. It also seeks to understand their socialization into the culture assignment and the main challenges they faced in accessing, interacting with, and reflecting upon cultural aspects related to the Arab world. This study's findings are significant for enriching the general conversation on intercultural proficiency in classroom discourse, curricular decisions, roles and challenges of teachers, and the involvement in target language communities, particularly in less commonly taught languages such as Arabic.
Investigating Mobile Assisted English Foreign Language Learning and Teaching in China
Authors: Liu Haixia , Tao Wenhao , Cain William
Published: July 2016

This study aims to investigate how English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers and students in China spontaneously use apps for smartphone and tablets to support their informal language learning. It also seeks to determine EFL teachers' perspectives on informal and formal Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL). A total of 240 smartphone and/or tablet users (186 students and 54 EFL teachers) from four colleges in Guangdong China participated in the survey. Twenty-eight teachers selected from the survey participants were interviewed afterwards. Analysis of the survey data showed that all participants were using apps to learn foreign languages informally. Survey data analysis also revealed that the most frequently used apps were based on form-focused behaviorist activities rather than learner-centered constructivist activities. A comparison of usage between EFL teachers and students revealed no significant difference in their choice of apps, yet students expected guidance from EFL teachers in using apps and resources to facilitate language learning. Finally, while the survey data indicated EFL teachers had positive attitudes towards informal MALL, the interviews revealed that many of them held negative sentiments toward MALL in the classroom. We interpret this difference in attitudes as a reflection of the teachers' concerns about learners' self-control and autonomous learning skills, as well as concerns about required teachers' knowledge and perceived changes to teachers' roles. We conclude by discussing the implications of MALL for language teacher education and professional development.
The Impact of Blog Peer Feedback on Improving Iranian English Foreign Language Students' Writing
Authors: Shahrokhi Mohsen , Taheri Shima
Published: July 2016

The present study is an attempt to investigate (a) whether using blog peer feedbacks have any statistically significant effect on improving Iranian students' EFL writing skill, and (b) whether participants at different proficiency levels react differently to blog peer feedbacks, as far as their writing improvement is concerned. To this end, sixty Iranian female English Foreign Language (EFL) learners were selected based on their performance on the Oxford Placement Test (OPT) and were then divided into two groups. The first thirty-participant group was taught through the conventional face-to-face method; the second thirty-participant group, which consisted of the same proficiency level members as the first group, received blog peer feedbacks as the treatment. After three months of instruction, a post-test was administered and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. The ensuing analysis revealed that using blog peer feedbacks can have a statistically significant impact upon improving the writing skills of EFL learners.
The Global Change App
Authors: Borrelle Stephanie B. , Frielick Stanley , Asshoff Roman , Leuzinger Sebastian
Published: July 2016

The global carbon and water cycles, and the process of photosynthesis are integral components of any high school science class or university science degree. Despite being intricately linked, these important global processes are often taught in isolation. This disconnection can lead to students having an incomplete understanding of the interconnection of leaf level processes, global cycles, and how they are affected by human activities. The “Global Change” app is an interactive teaching tool that illustrates how the biotic and abiotic systems involved in carbon and water cycling are connected to the stomata, and how human activities are affecting these processes in a meaningful way for students. In this chapter, the authors identify key gaps in students understanding and explain how the app addresses these. Example lessons are provided that encourage student self-inquiry, in a way that allows flexible, interactive learning. The Global Change app demonstrates how creative design and science can be combined to enhance the engagement of students with complex scientific concepts.
Student Use of Cell Phones to Conduct Real-Time Polling
Authors: Stover Sheri , Patitu Carol , DuVivier Roxanne
Published: July 2016

This chapter examines the process that graduate students in a Student Affairs in Higher Education class used to implement real-time polling in group presentations. Students used Poll Everywhere to create their own real-time polls. This process is examined through the lens of Kolb's (1984) Experiential Learning Cycle. The researchers in this study reviewed students' experiences using real-time polling in each of the four stages of the Experiential Learning Cycle (ELC): Concrete Experience (CE), Reflective Observation (RO), Abstract Conceptualization (AC), and Active Experimentation (AE). The chapter also captures the successes and challenges of implementing real-time polling at each stage. The data from this study suggests that students had high levels of success in all four of the ELC stages when implementing real-time polling. The results also identify challenges which were realized during the process and areas of improvement for future consideration.
Mobile Journalism, Cellphilms, and the Use of the StoryMaker Multimedia Software at a Zimbabwean Media Training University
Authors: Mhiripiri Nhamo Anthony , Ureke Oswelled
Published: July 2016

This chapter deals with the teaching of students in the use of a smartphone application for cellphone filming and mobile journalism at the Media and Society Studies Department Midlands State University (MSU) in Zimbabwe. The smartphone and Storymaker multimedia software application used for training was provided by a Zimbabwean non-governmental organisation – Her Zimbabwe – which is affiliated to the Netherlands-based media civil society group Free Press Unlimited. MSU is a state university. Its administrative culture is intricately linked to the ZANU PF led government of President Robert Mugabe. The training offered to media students is conducted with caution. Students make cellphone films (cellphilms) and practice mobile journalism (mojo) to produce media content. The chapter critiques students' media content, especially why it appears apolitical. Self-censorship arising from socialization and interpellation is implicated in the restrained nature of students' productions, and lecturers and the civil society organisation involved are also cited as oblique gatekeepers in the production chain.
Engaging Students to Learn Physics and Mathematics through Short High Quality M-Learning Resources
Authors: Neri Luis , Noguez Julieta , Whitney Jessica Morales , Aguilar-Sanchez Gerardo
Published: July 2016

A methodology to design short high quality M-Learning resources aimed to engage students to learn Physics and Mathematics is proposed. Key characteristics to generate motivating mobile resources are identified and applied to produce educational video-capsules. Audiovisual design elements based on cognitive theory of multimedia learning are incorporated. Short videos covering central topics of Mathematics and Physics undergraduate courses that can be displayed on mobile devices are designed. A study case with first-year engineering students using the mobile resources is performed in order to assess student engagement. The results indicate that most students show a positive perception on the educational videos. A parallel study in order to evaluate the impact of the mobile educational videos on student learning is also presented. From this analysis it is suggested to incorporate the use of mobile resources as part of active learning methodologies. Some recommendations for designing mobile resources are presented, and suggestions for implementation of the resources are also provided.
Applied Competences for Students by Using M-Learning Devices in Higher Education
Authors: Herrera-Bernal José-Alberto , Ramírez-Hernández Darinka del Carmen , Ramírez-Montoya María-Soledad
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this chapter is to present a case study for evaluating the competences (knowledge, skills, and attitudes) applied by students in Higher Education by using m-learning devices in a course taught in an online distance education. The research question was: Which skills do the students need to learn through m-learning devices? Two variables used in this study were: m-learning and learning technology skills. The results shows that m-learning becomes an extension, addition and/or evolution of online studying and that the student requires a set of basic knowledge and skills to handle cell phones and iPods as learning tools. Students also develop skills in computing, communication, productivity, relationships, leadership, self-study while being involved in a study mode such as mobile learning. Students also require competences such as self-management, evaluation and selection of information, creativity, communication and collaborative work.
Modified Single Pass Clustering Algorithm Based on Median as a Threshold Similarity Value
Authors: Mittal Mamta , Sharma R. K. , Singh V.P. , Mohan Goyal Lalit
Published: July 2016

Clustering is one of the data mining techniques that investigates these data resources for hidden patterns. Many clustering algorithms are available in literature. This chapter emphasizes on partitioning based methods and is an attempt towards developing clustering algorithms that can efficiently detect clusters. In partitioning based methods, k-means and single pass clustering are popular clustering algorithms but they have several limitations. To overcome the limitations of these algorithms, a Modified Single Pass Clustering (MSPC) algorithm has been proposed in this work. It revolves around the proposition of a threshold similarity value. This is not a user defined parameter; instead, it is a function of data objects left to be clustered. In our experiments, this threshold similarity value is taken as median of the paired distance of all data objects left to be clustered. To assess the performance of MSPC algorithm, five experiments for k-means, SPC and MSPC algorithms have been carried out on artificial and real datasets.
Collaborative Filtering Based Data Mining for Large Data
Authors: Pal Amrit , Kumar Manish
Published: July 2016

Size of data is increasing, it is creating challenges for its processing and storage. There are cluster based techniques available for storage and processing of this huge amount of data. Map Reduce provides an effective programming framework for developing distributed program for performing tasks which results in terms of key value pair. Collaborative filtering is the process of performing recommendation based on the previous rating of the user for a particular item or service. There are challenges while implementing collaborative filtering techniques using these distributed models. Some techniques are available for implementing collaborative filtering techniques using these models. Cluster based collaborative filtering, map reduce based collaborative filtering are some of these techniques. Chapter addresses these techniques and some basics of collaborative filtering.
Big Data Mining Using Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Saini Anu
Published: July 2016

Today every big company, like Google, Flipkart, Yahoo, Amazon etc., is dealing with the Big Data. This big data can be used to predict the recommendation for the user on the basis of their past behavior. Recommendation systems are used to provide the recommendation to the users. The author presents an overview of various types of recommendation systems and how these systems give recommendation by using various approaches of Collaborative Filtering. Various research works that employ collaborative filtering for recommendations systems are reviewed and classified by the authors. Finally, this chapter focuses on the framework of recommendation system of big data along with the detailed survey on the use of the Big Data mining in collaborative filtering.
Association Rule Mining in Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Leung Carson K.-S. , Jiang Fan , Dela Cruz Edson M. , Elango Vijay Sekar
Published: July 2016

Collaborative filtering uses data mining and analysis to develop a system that helps users make appropriate decisions in real-life applications by removing redundant information and providing valuable to information users. Data mining aims to extract from data the implicit, previously unknown and potentially useful information such as association rules that reveals relationships between frequently co-occurring patterns in antecedent and consequent parts of association rules. This chapter presents an algorithm called CF-Miner for collaborative filtering with association rule miner. The CF-Miner algorithm first constructs bitwise data structures to capture important contents in the data. It then finds frequent patterns from the bitwise structures. Based on the mined frequent patterns, the algorithm forms association rules. Finally, the algorithm ranks the mined association rules to recommend appropriate merchandise products, goods or services to users. Evaluation results show the effectiveness of CF-Miner in using association rule mining in collaborative filtering.
Combining User Co-Ratings and Social Trust for Collaborative Recommendation
Authors: Ke Sheng-Jhe , Lee Wei-Po
Published: July 2016

Traditional collaborative filtering recommendation methods calculate similarity between users to find the most similar neighbors for a particular user and take into account their opinions to predict item ratings. Though these methods have some advantages, however, they encounter difficulties in dealing with the problems of cold start users and data sparsity. To overcome these difficulties, researchers have proposed to consider social context information in the process of determining similar neighbors. In this chapter, we present a data analytics approach that combines user preference and social trust for making better collaborative recommendation. The proposed approach regards the collaborative recommendation as a classification task. It includes a data analysis procedure to explore the target dataset in terms of user similarity and trust relationship, and a data classification procedure to extract data features and build up a model accordingly. A series of experiments are conducted for performance evaluation. The results show that this approach can be used to enhance the recommendation performance in an adaptive way for different datasets without an iterative parameter-tuning process.
Exploring Knowledge Sharing over Social Media
Authors: Natarajan M.
Published: July 2016

The role of Knowledge Sharing (KS) in an academic environment, with the framework of KS has been explored in this chapter. The role played by social media (SM) as a technology for KS has been discussed. The different aspects of human attitude towards sharing have been expressed with the role of library professionals, in order to support the research activity of the students within the knowledge management cycle. Few examples like the use of blogs, Facebook, and YouTube in different types of institutions /organizations and the value, purpose and challenges are highlighted. The use of social networking tools by cataloguers as a necessity for current awareness information is also emphasized. It is found that the use of social media in education, health, and other domains is mostly used to enhance reaching out to users. The advantages of KS with the need for sharing of knowledge to enhance the role by the administrators in universities and by the professionals are provided. Further research in the field of SM by specific disciplines can be carried out.
Knowledge Workers' Social Media Usage as a Personal Knowledge Management Tool
Authors: Zincir Oya
Published: July 2016

This chapter aims to provide a theoretical framework for “profiling knowledge workers' mainstream social media usage” and “investigating knowledge workers' mainstream social media usage for personal knowledge management purposes”. For this purposes, it seeks to analyse the social media usage for personal knowledge management purposes of 365 knowledge workers who work in private sector organisations in Turkey. Frequency statistics and factor analysis are conducted on to the data collected on SurveyMonkey. Two factors emerge from this analysis which are named as ‘Sharing and Creating New Knowledge' and ‘Harnessing Professional Knowledge'.
Social Media and Knowledge Management in a Crisis Context
Authors: Patkin Terri Toles
Published: July 2016

The role of social media in managing and disseminating organizational knowledge is illustrated in this case study of a local government's response to a natural disaster. The interplay of technological, organizational and ecological factors was magnified as town officials utilized both social media and traditional media to disseminate information to the public during and after the crisis. As organizations embrace social media, managers must recognize that in addition to the organization educating the public, social media features the public talking to the organization, and perhaps more resonant, the public talking to the public.
Intranet Exploitation of Social Network Knowledge Intelligence
Authors: Underwood Mark Alan
Published: July 2016

Intranets are almost as old as the concept of a web site. More than twenty-five years ago the text Business Data Communications closed with a discussion of intranets (Stallings, 1990). Underlying technology improvements in intranets have been incremental; intranets were never seen as killer developments. Yet the popularity of Online Social Networks (OSNs) has led to increased interest in the part OSNs play – or could play – in using intranets to foster knowledge management. This chapter reviews research into how social graphs for an enterprise, team or other collaboration group interacts with the ways intranets have been used to display, collect, curate and disseminate information over the knowledge life cycle. Future roles that OSN-aware intranets could play in emerging technologies, such as process mining, elicitation methods, domain-specific intelligent agents, big data, and just-in-time learning are examined.
Feature Extraction
Authors: Das Bhattacharjee Anindita
Published: July 2016

Accessibility problem is relevant for audiovisual information, where enormous data has to be explored and processed. Most of the solutions for this specific type of problems point towards a regular need of extracting applicable information features for a given content domain. And feature extraction process deals with two complicated tasks first deciding and then extracting. There are certain properties expected from good features-Repeatability, Distinctiveness, Locality, Quantity, Accuracy, Efficiency, and Invariance. Different feature extraction techniques are described. The chapter concentrates of taking a survey on the topic of Feature extraction and Image formation. Here both image and video are considered to have their feature extracted. In machine learning, pattern recognition and in image processing has significant contribution. The feature extraction is one of the common mechanisms involved in these two techniques. Extracting feature initiates from an initial data set of measured data and constructs derived informative values which are non redundant in nature.
Multilevel Image Segmentation Using Modified Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: De Sourav , Haque Firoj
Published: July 2016

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a well-known swarm optimization technique. PSO is very efficient to optimize the image segmentation problem. PSO algorithm have some drawbacks as the possible solutions may follow the global best solution at one stage. As a result, the probable solutions may bound within that locally optimized solutions. The proposed chapter tries to get over the drawback of the PSO algorithm and proposes a Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MfPSO) algorithm to segment the multilevel images. The proposed method is compared with the original PSO algorithm and the renowned k-means algorithm. Comparison of the above mentioned existing methods with the proposed method are applied on three real life multilevel gray scale images. For this purpose, three standard objective functions are applied to evaluate the quality of the segmented images. The comparison shows that the proposed MfPSO algorithm is done better than the PSO algorithm and the k-means algorithm to segment the real life multilevel gray scale images.
Retrieval of Multimedia Information Using Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) Techniques
Authors: Mukherjee Anupam
Published: July 2016

This chapter will focus on the concept of Content-based image retrieval. Searching of an image or video database based on text based description is a manual labor intensive process. Descriptions of the file are usually typed manually for each image by human operators because the automatic generation of keywords for the images is difficult without incorporation of visual information and feature extraction. This method is impractical in today's multimedia information era. “Content-based” means that the search will analyze the actual contents of the image rather than the metadata such as keywords, tags, and descriptions associated with the image. The term “content” in this context might refer to colors, shapes, textures, or any other information that can be derived from the image itself. Several important sections are highlighted in this chapter, like architectures, query techniques, multidimensional indexing, video retrieval and different application sections of CBIR.
Biomedical Image Processing and Analysis
Authors: Majumder Swanirbhar , Majumder Smita
Published: July 2016

Since 1960's digital image processing has been a popular field of research and applications. Among the various applications like physics, security, photonics, biomedical, astronomy, remote sensing, ecological, environmental, etc.; biomedical is one of the many important areas people are focusing on. So for the intelligent analysis of multimedia information like biomedical image has is the thrust area of this chapter. This chapter therefore would aid both biomedical engineers and non-technical people using the tools to get an overview. This chapter mainly concentrates on bio-medical imaging. The medical testing abbreviations and terms like X-ray, MRI, SPECT, PET, Ultrasonography, CFI, optical and IR Imaging SEM, TEM, etc. are discussed here. They mainly concentrate on images of internal structure of living organisms which are not accessible by standard imaging techniques. Moreover, this helps non-technically oriented people to get an overview of the bio-medical aspects.
Cellular Automata Algorithms for Digital Image Processing
Authors: Anghelescu Petre
Published: July 2016

In this paper are presented solutions to develop algorithms for digital image processing focusing particularly on edge detection. Edge detection is one of the most important phases used in computer vision and image processing applications and also in human image understanding. In this chapter, implementation of classical edge detection algorithms it is presented and also implementation of algorithms based on the theory of Cellular Automata (CA). This work is totally related to the idea of understanding the impact of the inherently local information processing of CA on their ability to perform a managed computation at the global level. If a suitable encoding of a digital image is used, in some cases, it is possible to achieve better results in comparison with the solutions obtained by means of conventional approaches. The software application which is able to process images in order to detect edges using both conventional algorithms and CA based ones is written in C# programming language and experimental results are presented for images with different sizes and backgrounds.
Indian River Watershed Image Analysis Using Fuzzy-CA Hybrid Approach
Authors: Mahata Kalyan , Das Subhasish , Das Rajib , Sarkar Anasua
Published: July 2016

Image segmentation among overlapping land cover areas in satellite images is a very crucial task. Detection of belongingness is the important problem for classifying mixed pixels. This paper proposes an approach for pixel classification using a hybrid approach of Fuzzy C-Means and Cellular automata methods. This new unsupervised method is able to detect clusters using 2-Dimensional Cellular Automata model based on fuzzy segmentations. This approach detects the overlapping regions in remote sensing images by uncertainties using fuzzy set membership values. As a discrete, dynamical system, cellular automaton explores uniformly interconnected cells with states. In the second phase of our method, we utilize a 2-dimensional cellular automata to prioritize allocations of mixed pixels among overlapping land cover areas. We experiment our method on Indian Ajoy river watershed area. The clustered regions are compared with well-known FCM and K-Means methods and also with the ground truth knowledge. The results show the superiority of our new method.
Data Compression as a Base for eHealth Interoperability
Authors: Žagar Martin , Mihaljević Branko , Knezović Josip
Published: July 2016

eHealth is a set of systems and services that enable the sharing of medical diagnostic imaging data remotely. The application of eHealth solves the problem of the lack of specialized personnel, unnecessary execution of multiple diagnostic imaging and rapid exchange of information and remote diagnostics. Medical imaging generates large amounts of data. An MRI study can contain up to several Gigabytes (GB). The exchange of such large amounts of data in the local network facilities is a significant problem due to bandwidth sharing which is even more significant in mobile and wireless networks. A possible solution to this problem is data compression with the requirement that there is no loss of data. The goal of this chapter is a conceptual compression prototype that will allow faster and more efficient exchange of medical images in systems with limited bandwidth and communication speeds (cellular networks, wireless networks). To obtain this conceptual compression prototype we will use wavelets.
Content Coverage and Redundancy Removal in Video Summarization
Authors: Bhaumik Hrishikesh , Bhattacharyya Siddhartha , Chakraborty Susanta
Published: July 2016

Over the past decade, research in the field of Content-Based Video Retrieval Systems (CBVRS) has attracted much attention as it encompasses processing of all the other media types i.e. text, image and audio. Video summarization is one of the most important applications as it potentially enables efficient and faster browsing of large video collections. A concise version of the video is often required due to constraints in viewing time, storage, communication bandwidth as well as power. Thus, the task of video summarization is to effectively extract the most important portions of the video, without sacrificing the semantic information in it. The results of video summarization can be used in many CBVRS applications like semantic indexing, video surveillance copied video detection etc. However, the quality of the summarization task depends on two basic aspects: content coverage and redundancy removal. These two aspects are both important and contradictory to each other. This chapter aims to provide an insight into the state-of-the-art approaches used for this booming field of research.
Perceptual Processes and Multisensoriality
Authors: Leote Rosangella
Published: July 2016

Perception seems to be an overly discussed subject in theories of Art, giving us the impression that there is nothing new to add. So much research and so many conceptions have been developed on the subject. Nevertheless, many holes can be perceived in these theories with regard to the mental process that operates in the perception phenomena. We have chosen to look to neuroscience for possible answers to these holes. In this paper, based on the knowledge of Vilayanur S. Ramachandran and António Damásio, among others, we focus on that which we are emphasizing as “perceptual processes”. We will restrict ourselves herein to the perceptual processes of a multisensory nature that take place in the perceivers' relationship with the artworks, which contain multimodal stimuli, promoted by physical and digital interfaces of an assistive nature. Said perceivers, however, are both people with severe motor and vocal disabilities as well as those without these restrictions.
Cells, Organisms, and the Living Brain as New Media for Art
Authors: Menezes Marta
Published: July 2016

Throughout art history numerous artists have explored connections to science. In the society of today, the relationship between art and biology has been acquiring special visibility. Moreover, the current importance given to science and technology by today's public opinion directly drives an increased awareness about the relationship between art and science. The public eagerly follows any breakthroughs of scientific research that reach the public sphere, with mixed feelings: simultaneously awe, hope, and fear for potential misuse. Such awareness about biological sciences and biotechnology has been having an increasing influence over artists, with a strong emphasis on the biological sciences. Nowadays, the position of artists as mere interpreters and observers is obsolete, and is reminiscent of a time before the term “science” was created. Now the artist is no longer a passive observer of the scientific research, but does not quite fit the current definition of a basic science researcher. The artist is, rather, an art researcher. This particular position, has been developed within the academic environment and within a growing and trendy artscience community. It has led to the development of strategies to promote the exploration of research possibilities deriving from a cross-talk between artists and scientists. While art and science seems to be establishing itself as a new art practice, as a research field it has been rooted on the timeless investigation strategy of science (as interpreted by artists) in order to develop its own new methods of practice, new media and installation strategies, and new ways to manipulate the materials for artistic expression. Art and Science (and especially art and biology) is itself, in my view, a great example for the setting of brackets to the field of art research.
Neuroesthetics
Authors: Fogliano Fernando , Oliveira Hosana Celeste
Published: July 2016

This paper presents some considerations regarding the aesthetic experience from a neuroaesthetic point of view. The approach proposed here can take the discussions beyond the field of art allowing the aesthetic experience to be considered as a key aspect of subjectivity and interactions in the world. A reflection on the roles of emotion and language as fundamental aspects of the aesthetic experience is presented. Based on this reflection, some assumptions that are at the core of culture are made and re-framed here considering the postmodern turn.
A Study on the Interface between Arts and Sciences
Authors: Siqueira de Freitas Alexandre
Published: July 2016

This chapter discusses issues related to two fields of knowledge: neuroesthetics and cognitive neuroscience of art. These two fields represent areas that link historically dichotomic instances: nature and culture. In the first section, the author introduces a brief discussion on this dichotomy, reified here as science and art/aesthetics. Based on a preliminary analysis of these fields, as well as potential interfaces and articulations, the author then situates neuroesthetics and cognitive science of art. In both cases, the main definitions, usual criticisms, and comments on potential expectations regarding the future of these two areas will be presented.
Understanding the Interdisciplinary Meaning of Beauty to Neuroscience
Authors: Araujo Bruno H.S. , Nasseh Ibrahim Elias
Published: July 2016

The search for the source of beauty has exercised the speculation of philosophers and writers throughout the ages. The classical conception is that beauty consists of an arrangement of integral parts into a coherent whole, according to proportion, harmony, symmetry, and similar notions. The opposing view is that art is a fully subjective enterprise and our preferences are shaped by our values and experiences. To study beauty, neuroscience evokes the juxtaposition of concepts such as symmetry, geometry, proportion, judgment, affection, grotesque, erotic, sensitive with certain loci in the human brain. However, to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the network level, neuroscience have to incorporate the ambiguity in their research field. And with the continuous increasing of knowledge and comprehension of how beauty is perceived by the human brain, the world in its wholeness will be highly impacted, since we will start to live in pleasant societies.
Qualia and Extended Field of Contemporary Design
Authors: Reinert Leila
Published: July 2016

This study presents the concept of qualia, studied by neuroscience as one of the important aspects for the development of a conscious mind, and its association with the contemporary design focused on the subject. With the expansion of the field of design in understanding and extension, the meaning of the word design makes it necessary to review new relations that are formed among the artifact, user, and projected environment. The advancement of neurosciences combined with digital technologies provides a profound transformation in the understanding of human subjectivity when searching to unveil, empirically, the mysteries of the human mind. This transformation is directly linked to the manner in which designers design because they are responsible for redrafting the collective life on Earth before the forthcoming ecological crisis. Design and qualia are a necessary articulation to cautiously improve our surroundings.
Conceptual Experiments in Automated Designing
Authors: Sosnin Petr Ivanovich
Published: July 2016

The success of designing Software Intensive Systems (SIS) and other objects may be improved by incorporating conceptual experimentation to be part of the design process. This paper presents a scientific approach to conceptual experimenting with objects that are units of designers' behavior and is aimed at solving project tasks in conceptual design. The proposed approach is based on specifying the behavior units as precedents and pseudo-code programming of experiments' plans. Reasoning used by designers in the experiments is registered in a question-answer form. Experimenting is supported by a specialized toolkit.
Cloud Gaming
Authors: Datta Prajit Kumar , Srivastava Utkarsh
Published: July 2016

This chapter talks about the architecture required for cloud gaming and various challenges in cloud based gaming. The first part gives a brief introduction about what is actually cloud gaming and the ways in which it is implemented. The subsequent section talks about the cloud gaming system architecture and different server, client components of cloud gaming frameworks involved in the whole process. The next section talks about various cloud based services and their system architecture. In this chapter main aspect is the server client architecture and data flow models via this architecture. A comparative study has been made among various service providers to have a better understanding of the architecture deployed by them in cloud based gaming. The next section discusses about the Challenges of Cloud based Gaming. The future and new improvisations of the Cloud based Gaming System has also been taken up in this chapter.
EAC-MPCG
Authors: Senthilkumar Sudha , Viswanatham V. Madhu
Published: July 2016

Online gaming allows players from different location to play synchronously together for entertainment. Generally multimedia applications which is highly latency sensitive and it requires specific hardware, such as Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) and fast memory. Since recent advances in cloud computing makes it suitable for moving the gaming application to the cloud and streams the video sequence back to the player over the Internet. This is more beneficial for less powerful computational devices that are otherwise incapable of running high-quality games. In addition to this cloud gaming is platform independence means it allow you to play on your android or IOS powered devices. There are several cloud providers like On-Live, G-Cluster and GFACE are provides active game services. However, providing proper access control for games which require license to play various levels is one of the important requirements to play the online games. This paper proposes the suitable access control mechanism to provide the access to cloud gaming applications.
Necessity of Key Aggregation Cryptosystem for Data Sharing in Cloud Computing
Authors: Rebekah R. Deepthi Crestose , Cheelu Dhanaraj , Babu M. Rajasekhara
Published: July 2016

Cloud computing is one of the most exciting technologies due to its ability to increase flexibility and scalability for computer processes, while reducing cost associated with computing. It is important to share the data securely, efficiently, and flexibly in cloud storage. Existing data protection mechanisms such as symmetric encryption techniques are unsuccessful in preventing data sharing securely. This article suggests Key aggregate cryptosystem which produce constant size ciphertexts in order to delegate decryption rights for any set of ciphertexts. The uniqueness is that one can aggregate any number of secret keys and make them as compact as a single key. This compact aggregate key can be easily sent to others with very limited secure storage.
Impact of Cloud Gaming in Health Care, Education, and Entertainment Services
Authors: Nayak Padmalaya , Sharma Shelendra Kumar
Published: July 2016

With the rapid growth of Cloud Computing, various diverse applications are growing exponentially through large data centers with the use of Internet. Cloud gaming is one of the most novel service applications that helps to store the video games in cloud and client can access the games as audio/video streams. Cloud gaming in practice substantially reduces the computational cost at the client side and enables the use of thin clients. Further, Quality of Service (QoS) may be affected through cloud gaming by introducing access latency. The objective of this chapter is to bring the impact and effectiveness of cloud gaming application on users, Health care, Entertainment, and Education.
Writing Healing Narratives
Authors: Bird Jennifer Lynne
Published: July 2016

People, especially hospital patients, want someone to know their stories. Teachers in English classrooms rely on narratives to learn their students' stories. Since learning patients' narratives is an emerging trend in the field of physical therapy as well as other medical practice, this chapter makes connections between writing, health coaching, and physical therapy to illustrate the value of narratives for patients not only in physical therapy, but also in other fields of medicine. Health coaching is a relatively new addition to the medical field that encourages patients to share their stories and set goals for themselves in addition to the goals set for them by their medical team. This chapter uses a multigenre format which discusses writing theory while simultaneously demonstrating an innovative narrative.
Synergism through Therapeutic Visual Arts
Authors: Hartman Ashley , Brown Susannah
Published: July 2016

Oncology patients experience significant psychological distress in addition to physical symptoms associated with illness. Overwhelming emotions, negative moods, and other forms of psychological stressors are present due to uncertain future. Shock experienced after receiving diagnosis, distress associated with medical decision-making, lack of control over one's environment, and fears related to changes in lifestyle within the course of the illness are a few examples of the challenges faced by patients. Art therapy is a therapeutic treatment modality that accommodates the opportunity for patients to make autonomous decisions, organize and structure these choices, and obtain a sense of control over personal artwork as well as the therapeutic experience. In this paper, the authors explore the literature surrounding the impact of perceived control on psychological distress in oncology patients, the connection between decision-making and perceived control, and the potential for art therapy to increase perceived control through decision-making opportunities for oncology patients.
HeartMath®
Authors: King Beth M. , Barry Charlotte D. , Bamdas Jo Ann M. , Bronner Kimberly , Edwards Karethy A.
Published: July 2016

HeartMath® is a program designed to build resilience and enhance coping skills in response to stress, challenges and adversity (Institute of HeartMath®, 2014) through self-regulation and the use of biofeedback technology. Many faculty from the Florida Atlantic University's Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing have become certified HeartMath® trainers and have committed to bring this program to their college community: Students, staff and faculty. This chapter describes HeartMath® and its implementation at the college. Exemplars are offered that explicate the value of the program and inspire the development of future initiatives within the University and broader community.
Incognito
Authors: Ellington Linda , Bryan Valerie C.
Published: July 2016

In this chapter, we explore the neuroscience of grief and grieving. Even though the cognitive portion of the initiation into loss implores us to see a correlation between what is expected of us and the concept of reality as we move toward the outcome, the brain is meaning-driven, attempting to match new information with prior understanding. And as neural connections continue to develop and change throughout grief and grieving the “emotional monster” may not be capable of being quieted through support, whether professional or personal. The resistance from a cognitive approach is taken over by our effort to tame that “emotional monster” and images and feelings that are unique to the loss process stunt the capability of the brain to provide rational thinking. We end by picturing how our relentless search began, as we are in awe of what we intuitively know to be true, and that we are not fixed in toxicity, but can change the most challenging neurological situation. Our search was to understand the process of cognition as we move through grief and grieving. We wrote this chapter hoping it would shed a well-lit conversation on the most difficult time we will experience in our lives, the initiation into loss. The light shines on the neuroscience of this journey – as it would not honor ‘self' if we did not look at ‘self ‘in a wholesome way. We frame this chapter through four focus lenses: self and self-discovery focus; emotion focus; social context and role identity focus; and cognitive focus.
Measurements of Acoustic Material Properties Using Ultrasonic Through Transmission Technique
Authors: Tran Hoa T. K. , Manh Tung , Hoff Lars
Published: July 2016

A method to measure phase velocity and attenuation of compressional and shear waves has been developed using a broadband through-transmission technique. Two pairs of transducers were used, one pair with center frequency 5 MHz (Olympus C309-SU), and the other pair with center frequency 10 MHz (Olympus V327-SU). The method was tested on the homogeneous material Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and the composite material Eccosorb MF-117. Our results were compared with published values for the PMMA material, showing a good agreement with literature, hence, verifying the accuracy of our method. In addition, the temperature in the sample was varied from 19 °C to 37 °C, to investigate how this influences the parameters. A small variation of around 3% was found for the phase velocity, while the temperature influence on the attenuation was considerably larger, increasing 30% when temperature was changed from 19 °C to 37 °C. These acoustic properties and their temperature effects are essential for transducer designs, especially for clinical applications.
Transient Waves Due to Mechanical Loads in Elasto-Thermo-Diffusive Solids
Authors: Sharma J. N. , Sharma N. K. , Sharma K. K.
Published: July 2016

This paper deals with the study of transient waves in a homogeneous isotropic, solid halfspace with a permeating substance in the context of the theory of generalized elasto-thermodiffusion. The halfspace is assumed to be disturbed due to mechanical loads acting on its boundary. The model comprising of basic governing differential equations and boundary conditions has been solved by employing Laplace transform technique. Noting that the second sound effects are short lived, the small time approximations of solution for various physical quantities have been obtained and the results are discussed on the possible wave fronts. In case of continuous and periodic loads acting at the boundary, the displacement is found to be continuous at each wave front while it is discontinuous in case of impulsive load. The temperature and concentration fields are found to be discontinuous at all the wave fronts. The displacement, temperature change and concentration deviation due to impulsive, continuous and periodic mechanical loads have also been evaluated in the physical domain at all times by employing numerical inversion technique of integral transform. The computer simulated numerical results have been presented graphically in respect of displacement, temperature change and concentration deviation for brass. A significant effect of mass diffusion has been observed on the behaviour of mechanical and thermal waves.
On Higher Order Pyramidal Finite Elements
Authors: Liu Liping , Davies Kevin B. , Křížek Michal , Guan Li
Published: July 2016

In this paper we first prove a theorem on the nonexistence of pyramidal
polynomial basis functions. Then we present a new symmetric composite pyramidal finite element which yields a better convergence than the nonsymmetric one. It has fourteen degrees of freedom and its basis functions are incomplete piecewise triquadratic polynomials. The space of ansatz functions contains all quadratic functions on each of four subtetrahedra that form a given pyramidal element.