bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERMINATION OF CHAMAZULENE BY REVERSED PHASE HPLC
Authors: Deineka Viktor I. , Salasina Yaroslava Yu.
Published: July 2024

A method for the determination of hamazulene in essential oils using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-matrix detection has been developed. The possibility of qualitative determination of hamazulene from the electronic absorption spectra recorded in the detector cell and quantitative determination of this substance during detection at several different wavelengths is shown. To obtain chromatograms, it is proposed to use C18 stationary phase with a mobile phase containing 20 vol. % water in acetonitrile. Samples for the study were prepared by dissolving essential oils in acetonitrile. The chromatographic determination of hamazulene is not hindered by the accompanying components of the studied essential oils of four plants: Matricaria chamomilla, Achillea millefolium, Tanacetum annuum and Artemisia absinthium; the concentration of hamazulene in them was 0.184, 0.311, 0.299 and 0.0025 mol/l, respectively. The wavelength of 603 nm provides the most selective detection of hamazulene along a complex electron-vibrational band for a solution in the mobile phase. When the detection wavelength changes from 603 to 350 and up to 280 nm, the sensitivity of hamazulene detection increases by 15.5 and 187 times. The chromatographic method has a linear response of the detector despite the known features of the electronic absorption spectra of azulene derivatives. It was found that when a blue-colored spot of hamazulene is isolated from TLC plates, other nonpolar components of oils that are detected when recording a chromatogram under HPLC conditions at a detector wavelength of 210 nm also enter the extract. It was also found that when recording chromatograms at 200 nm, differentiation of oils is possible, since most of the components of these oils have at least one isolated double C=C bond in the structure, which allows detecting compounds at 190-200 nm.
For citation:
Deineka V.I., Salasina Ya.Yu. Determination of chamazulene by reversed phase HPLC. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2024. V. 67. N 6. P. 6-20. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20246706.6989.
HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF SOME ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES IN DIFFERENT HOSPITALS WASTEWATER IN BAGHDAD CITY, IRAQ
Authors: Jasim Ala’a Abdullwahid , Jasim Wasan Abdulwahid , Jamur Jasim M. S.
Published: July 2024

Antibiotics present the greatest threat to soil and aquatic ecosystems among the different therapeutic groups of medicines (which include prescription drugs and treatments for cancer). The strongest drugs, antibiotics, have been utilized to stop the growth of microorganisms or eradicate them. Using high-performance liquid chromatography technology with fluorescence detection, the amounts of levofloxacin and tetracycline in the wastewater from three hospitals (Medical City, Al-Kindi, and Al-Yarmouk) were determined. Levofloxacin and tetracycline were chosen in this study because they are the most important water pollutants. These antibiotic residues were separated and measured using a gradient elution technique on a reverse-phase C18 column. A combination of methanol and deionized water made up the mobile phase system. For a 20-minute analysis period, the detector's excitation and emission wavelengths were set to 310 and 420 nm, respectively. Cleaning the SPE cartridge came after the extraction using pH 4 citrate buffer. Excellent linear ties (R2 > 0.9998) were seen in the calibration curves for levofloxacin and tetracycline at concentrations between 10 and 40 µg/ml. The limits of detection and quantification for levofloxacin and tetracycline were determined to be 0.61 µg/ml, 2.04 µg/ml, and 0.46 µg/ml and 1.54 µg/ml, respectively. The analysis of residues of antibiotics in various wastewater samples was successfully applied using the suggested methodology. The findings demonstrate the presence of tetracycline and levofloxacin in all wastewater samples. However, Al-Kindi had greater concentrations of them than Medical City and Al-Yarmouk. The proposed technique can be applied to a range of medical products in different wastewater sources, such as hospitals and industrial settings.
For citation:
Ala’a Abdullwahid Jasim, Wasan Abdulwahid Jasim, Jasim M. S. Jamur HPLC method for the determination of some antibiotic residues in different hospitals wastewater in Baghdad city, Iraq. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2024. V. 67. N 6. P. 21-28. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20246706.7035.
MORTALIDADE MATERNA
Authors: Lima de Souza Isabela , Kassia Tenconi Julia , Rymsza Taciana , Da Conceição Lessa Marcos Túlio
Published: July 2024

Introdução: cerca de 95% dos óbitos maternos no mundo poderiam ter sido evitados caso os serviços de saúde ampliassem direitos sexuais e reprodutivos da mulher, garantindo uma assistência segura em todos os momentos da gestação, parto e puerpério. Fundamentação teórica: A mortalidade materna refere-se a todo óbito que ocorre durante o período gestacional ou após 42 dias do seu término, independente da localização ou duração, tendo como causa principal seu agravo. Estratégias foram desenvolvidas para reduzir a mortalidade materna e aumentar a compreensão sobre determinantes sociais que acarretam os óbitos dessas pacientes, a partir disso, a mortalidade materna passou a ser entendida como um indicador de desenvolvimento social e a sua redução foi incluída como uma das metas dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio (ODM) e Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Metodologia: O presente artigo é de caráter exploratório, descritivo, retrospectivo, através de coleta de dados na página pública do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Análises e discussão dos resultados: Observouse que em suma os óbitos ocorreram no puerpério (71,42%); no hospital (100%); predominou-se a faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos, (71,42%); de mulheres com 8 a 11 anos de estudo, (42,75%); casadas, (35,71%); e brancas, (64,28%). Conclusão: a taxa de mortalidade materna em Cascavel-PR atende à meta brasileira e é evidenciada por mulheres brancas, de 30 a 39 anos, casadas, com até 11 anos de escolaridade, cujo óbito é por causa direta ou indireta igualmente, durante o puerpério de partos cesáreos em ambiente hospitalar.
OS IMPACTOS NOS DIREITOS TRABALHISTAS DA MULHER GESTANTE E LACTANTE SOB A INSTRUMENTALIZAÇÃO DA LEI Nº 13.467/17 NA CONSOLIDAÇÃO DAS LEIS DO TRABALHO
Authors: Silva Santos Brenda , Sousa Costa Kaio , Souza Pires Max
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo aborda os efeitos da Reforma Trabalhista de 2017 sobre as mulheres gestantes e lactantes no Brasil. Inicialmente, é apresentada uma contextualização histórica do trabalho da mulher, destacando as conquistas e desafios enfrentados ao longo do tempo. São discutidos aspectos relevantes da legislação trabalhista brasileira até a promulgação da Reforma Trabalhista, incluindo a criação da CLT e a garantia de direitos como o salário maternidade e a estabilidade para gestantes e lactantes. O objetivo geral deste estudo é analisar os impactos da Reforma Trabalhista de 2017 nos direitos das mulheres gestantes e lactantes, com foco na flexibilização da proteção à maternidade em ambientes insalubres. A metodologia utilizada é uma revisão bibliográfica, que permite a análise crítica e a síntese de informações relevantes sobre o tema. Os resultados finais demonstram que a Reforma Trabalhista trouxe mudanças significativas nos direitos trabalhistas das mulheres, especialmente das gestantes e lactantes. A flexibilização da proteção à maternidade em ambientes insalubres gerou preocupações quanto à saúde e segurança dessas trabalhadoras, bem como à possibilidade de discriminação no ambiente de trabalho. Além disso, outras alterações promovidas pela reforma, como a terceirização em atividades-fim e a flexibilização da jornada de trabalho, impactaram diretamente as condições de trabalho das mulheres. Diante desses resultados, é fundamental que sejam adotadas medidas para garantir a proteção e a promoção dos direitos das mulheres gestantes e lactantes no mercado de trabalho. A conscientização sobre esses direitos e a luta contra a discriminação de gênero são passos essenciais para garantir a igualdade de direitos e oportunidades para as mulheres no ambiente laboral.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DO LABORATÓRIO DE HEMODINÂMICA DO HOSPITAL SÃO LUCAS
Authors: Brustolin Laura , Maiara Bortoli Rodrigues  , Rafaeli Vidaletti Barbosa  , Isabella Cristina Michelon  , De Sousa Sequeira Antunes de Almeida Rui Manuel
Published: July 2024

A prevalência de doenças cardiovasculares é uma problemática de saúde pública que afeta cerca de 30% da população adulta em todo o mundo segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Aliado a isso, houve também um aumento de indicações de procedimentos cardiovasculares e da necessidade de aprimoramento de técnicas modernas e minimamente invasivas como o método de intervenção de hemodinâmica. Esse método é uma opção segura e eficaz tanto no diagnóstico quanto na terapêutica de pacientes submetidos aos setores de cardiologia. Levando em consideração a relevância desses dados, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é avaliar o perfil epidemiológico para doenças cardiovasculares, os fatores de riscos associados e a relação das indicações de cateterismo em uma determinada população.
PSM-1: A high yielding bell pepper variety having seed production potential under North Indian plains
Authors: Jindal SK , Dhaliwal MS
Published: July 2024

Capsicum or bell pepper, botanically known as Capsicum annuum L var. grossum Sendt, is a member of family Solanaceae. It originated in Brazil in Tropical South America. Most peppers are bell-shaped; therefore, the name bell pepper is common. Bell pepper is sometimes grouped with less pungent pepper varieties as “sweet pepper”. However, sweet peppers come in a range of shapes from round to oblong to taper.
Genetic analysis and identification of molecular marker linked to the gene for fruit skin colour in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: N Bhanushree , Saha Partha , Tomar BS , Lyngdoh YA , S Gopala Krishnan , Gurung Bishal , Meena RD , Munshi AD , Saha ND , Ghoshal Chandrika
Published: July 2024

Eggplant or brinjal is one of the most important Solanaceous crop cultivated widely throughout the . The dark purple coloured fruit is preferred by consumer due to high anthocyanin content. The degree of pigmentation is unstable, possibly due to influence of environment, growth stage of fruit, etc. The present investigation was carried out to know the genetics of fruit colour and also to identify SSR marker linked to the trait. Cross was successfully attempted between Pusa Safed Baingan 1 (white coloured fruit) × Pusa Uttam (dark purple coloured fruit) to develop F1. A single F1 plant was selfed to develop 168 F2 plants and also backcross (36 BC1P1, 33 BC1P2) progenies developed. The skin colour of parents, F1, backcross and F2 plants was evaluated at edible maturity stage and compared with RHS colour chart. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) was carried out to identify SSR marker linked to the gene for fruit skin colour. Segregation of fruit colour was analyzed by Chi square (ë2) test for goodness of fit. The fruit of F1 plants was intermediate revealed incomplete dominance. Out of 168 F2 plants, 125 were purple coloured, 31 green and 12 white which clearly segregated into 12:3:1 (P:G:W) ratio suggesting dominant epistasis with ë2 value of 0.28 (P=0.80-0.90). The BC1P1 (Pusa Safed Baingan 1 backcrossed with F1) showed 15 purple coloured, 11 green coloured and 10 white coloured which segregated in 2:1:1 ratio. Among the 18 parental polymophic SSR markers, only one marker (emg21I17165/200) was found to be polymorphic in BSA.This marker is segregated in 1:2:1 ratio suggesting cosegregation and linked with the gene for fruit skin colour. The result will be very useful in designing breedingstrategies for developing dark purple coloured variety in eggplant and also the identified SSR marker will be useful in marker assisted breeding.
Genetic variability for growth, yield and quality traits in bitter gourd
Authors: Sidhu Gurleen Kaur , Pathak Mamta , Chawla Neena
Published: July 2024

The present study was conducted to determine genetic variability, broad sense heritability and genetic advance inthirty six diverse genotypes of bitter gourd. The differences observed between genotypes were highly significant for all the characters studied. Moisture content had lowest coefficient of variation (2.7) followed by anthesis of first female flower (8.4) and anthesis of first male flower (10.5); whereas, it was highest for fruit cavity (24.1). High estimates of PCV and GCV were found for total carotene contentfollowed by yield. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for fruit number, anthesis of first male flower and vitamin C may be attributed to additive gene effects and could be improved through selection.
Evaluation of advance breeding lines of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) for fruit yield and related attributes under sub-humid temperate environment
Authors: Swain Debashish , Sharma Akhilesh
Published: July 2024

The present investigation was undertaken to assess the performance of 58 advance breeding lines (F5) derived from ten different intervarietal crosses of chilli to identify the most promising genotypes. These 58 progenies were evaluated along with six varieties including ‘Surajmukhi’ as standard check in randomized complete block design with three replications during summer, 2015. Sufficient genetic variability was observed for fruit yield, yield contributing and quality traits. On the basis of mean performance, ‘DPCh- 17 (431 g)’ followed by ‘DPCh-39 (377 g)’, ‘DPCh-35’ (359 g), ‘DPCh-49 (357 g)’ and ‘DPCh-45 (336 g)’ were the top ranking five genotypes for marketable green fruit yield per plant which significantly outperformed standard check ‘Surajmukhi (219 g)’ with an increase of 44-100 %. The superior performance of these genotypes was the result of their better performance for average fruit weight, number ofmarketable fruits per plant along with early flowering, early harvest, fruit length, fruit girth, leaf length and leaf width. The genotypes namely ‘DPCh-17 (75.99 ASTA units)’, ‘DPCh-39 (74.35 ASTA units)’ and ‘DPCh-35 (73.80 ASTA units)’ revealed high oleoresin content. ‘DPCh-49’ with 4th rank for marketable yield per plant had low capsaicin content (0.45 %) and may be preferred one for those like less pungent chilli. Genotypes ‘DPCh-17’, ‘DPCh-39’, ‘DPCh-35’, ‘DPCh- 49’ and ‘DPCh-45’appeared to be promising on the basis of higher fruit yield along with desirable performance for yield attributing and quality traits and may be released as new varieties after thorough evaluation or can be utilized in future breeding program.
Identification of resistant sources against chilli leaf curl virus disease through field and molecular screening in chilli
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Prasad Indivar , Singh Achuit Kumar , Rai Ashutosh , Rai Ashutosh , Nagendran K , Singh PM , Singh Jagdish
Published: July 2024

A study was conducted to discover resistant sources in 109 F6 families of a Recombinant Inbreed Lines (RIL) population against Chilli Leaf Curl Virus (ChiLCV) disease, a serious menace to chilli crop in India. The Population was characterized for yield and disease related traits that revealed presence of significant variability in the population. Fruit yield followed by number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and PDI (at 120 days after transplanting) were key traits contributing significant portion of this variation as explained by principal component analysis. Twenty virus-free plants were identified under natural field condition at 60 and 120 days after transplanting along with molecular screenings using universal primers. These potent plants having ChiLCV resistance and superior plant and fruit morphology will be utilized in breeding programme for development of resistant varieties/hybrids against chilli leaf curl virus disease.
Acuity analysis of the vegetable experts to determine the priorities in sustainable vegetable production technologies
Authors: Roy Shubhadeep , Singh Neeraj , SM Vanitha , Prasad RN , Singh Jagdish
Published: July 2024

Vegetables are short duration and profit-making crop for the farmers especially small and marginal one. By adopting vegetable-based cropping system, farmers can earn more profit from smaller piece of land by enhancing the cropping intensity. Efficient production technologies are very important to utilise scarce natural resources and minimize the cost of production
Variability, heritability and genetic advance in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech)
Authors: Patil BT , Bachkar CB , Handal BB , Shinde KG
Published: July 2024

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Monech) is an important vegetable crop grown for its tender green pods throughout India, Turkey, Sri Lanka and other neighboring countries. Fruit yield depends upon many yield components, since it is polygenic character. Exploitation of variability is of a great importance and pre requisite for the effective screening of superior etermined the progress of breeding for the economic characters and play an important role in a crop in selecting the best genotypes for making rapid improvement in yield and other desirable characters (Vavilov 1951). Heritability is an index for calculating the relative influence of environment on expression of genotypes. It is very difficult to judge how much of variability is heritable and how much of variability isnon-heritable. Hence, it is essential to partition overall variability into its heritable and non heritable components with the help of genetic parameters like genotypic coefficient of variation, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to study the variability, heritability and genetic advance for 15 quantitative traits in okra.
PTH-2: A multiple disease resistant hybrid of tomato
Authors: Jindal SK , Dhaliwal MS
Published: July 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), a member of family Solanaceae is the most popular and profitable summer vegetable crop due to its versatile uses, nutritive value, unique flavour and processability. It is the third most important vegetable after potato and onion in India, while second in the world after potato
Correlation and path analysis studies in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: Jhangta Minakshi , Chandel KS , Chauhan Aanchal
Published: July 2024

Correlation studies were carried out in brinjal to find out the association between yield and its contributing characters. Certain characters might indirectly influence yield, but their correlation with yield may not be statistically significant. In such cases, path coefficient analysis is an efficient technique, which permits the separation of coefficients into components of direct and indirect effects. Hence the study was carried out to know interrelations of twelve characters and to understand the nature of direct and indirect effects of these characters on yield. Correlation and path analysis 24 genotypes of brinjal indicated that Marketable fruityield per plant manifested significant and positive correlation with number of marketable fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, plant height and number of branches per plant, whereas it had significant and negative association with days to 50 per cent flowering and days to first picking at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis indicated that number of marketable fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length and number of branches per plant had the maximum positive direct effecton marketable fruit yield per plant at both phenotypic and genotypic level. Hence, these characters may be given consideration while making selection for the improvement of brinjal.
DUS characterization and assessing the diversity of varieties in onion and garlic
Authors: Gupta Amar Jeet , Mahajan Vijay
Published: July 2024

DUS test (Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability) are essential for registering new varieties under Protection of PlantVarieties and Farmers Rights Act 2001 (PPV&FRA) in our country and 150 crops/ species have been notified for registrationincluding onion and garlic in India. The variety must be clearly distinguishable by one or more essential characters from anyother variety, whose existence is a matter of common knowledge at the time when the protection is applied. The variety isdeemed uniform if subjected to variation that may be expected from the particular features of its propagation. It should besufficiently uniform in its relevant characters. DUS test guidelines for onion and garlic were notified by PPV&FRA in 2009in India with 34 DUS test characters for onion varieties and 32 characters for garlic varieties. All the available short dayvarieties of onion and garlic are being maintained at DOGR, Rajgurunagar and IARI, New Delhi; long day varieties aremaintained at CITH, Srinagar; and multiplier onion varieties are being maintained at TNAU, Coimbatore. Thirty-eight rabionion varieties including land races are being maintained during rabi season whereas 10 onion varieties being maintainedduring kharif season. All the 17 garlic varieties including land races being maintained during rabi season. To registervarieties it needs to be applied to PPV&FR Authority, New Delhi in prescribed format. Certain guidelines were given forregistration of onion and garlic and rules for farmers are relaxed and they have equal rights for registration. The candidatevariety was tested for DUS characters in two seasons at two locations; whereas farmers’ variety was tested only in oneseason at two locations
Impact of biofertilizer and mulch on growth, yield and soil health parameters in pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Singh Talwinder , Raturi Harish Chandra , Bora Lila , Shukla YR
Published: July 2024

The present investigation entitled “Effect of biofertilizer and mulch on growth, yield and soil health parameters in pea (Pisum sativum L.)” was conducted during Rabi season 2017-18 at the Experimental farm, Department of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design (FRBD) with three replications. The treatments consisted of four mulches, M0-No mulch, M1-Paddy straw@5t/ha, M2- Maize stubbles@4t/ha, M3-Saw dust@10t/ha and four Rhizobium doses, B0-No Rhizobium, B1-Rhizobium@20g/ kg of seeds, B2-Rhizobium@25g/kg of seeds, B3- Rhizobium@30g/kg of seeds and their combinations. In most of the parameters individually best results were obtained with application of  in case of biofertilizer, while in case of mulch best results were obtained with saw dust@10t/ha. In interaction best results were obtained with application of Rhizobium@30g/ kg of seeds and saw dust@10t/ha
Genetic homology between the CMS (A) and their alloplasmic maintainer (B) line in chilli pepper through SSR markers
Authors: Jindal SK , Dhaliwal MS , Meena OP
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to assess the geneticsimilarity between the CMS (A) and the maintainer (B) linesusing 120 SSR markers. Almost all the amplified markersshowed monomorphic bands between the CMS lines andcorresponding B lines. Between CMS463D2A andCMS463D2B (alloplasmic maintainer line) and betweenCMS463L9A and CMS463L9B, polymorphic bandingpatterns were observed by a marker (Hpms 2-13) forchromosome 1. After eight cycles of backcrossing (BC8F1)and selection, the genome recovery of the recurrent parentin all the CMS lines was estimated to be 100%, exceptCMS463D2A and CMS463D2B, and between CMS463L9Aand CMS463L9B where the recovery was 99.01%, and 98.9%,respectively. Similarly, for the fruit weight, fruit length, fruitwidth, and pericarp thickness, the paired t-test was nonsignificantfor mean value of all the CMS A- and CMS Blinesexcept CMS4624A and CMS4624B for fruit length, andCMS4626A and CMS4626B for fruit width, where thedifferences were significant.
Variability, character association and path analysis in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Bhardwaj Ajay , Sharma Akhilesh , Lata Hem
Published: July 2024

The experimental material comprising of 41 genotypes wasevaluated in randomized complete block design with threereplications. Genotype DPPM-74 was the most promisingwith significantly highest number of pods per plant, totalbiomass, seed yield and protein content. The differences inperformance of genotypes for seed yield per plant might beattributed to pods per plant, seeds per pod and 100-seedweight. Significant genetic variations were observed forseed yield and related traits. High PCV and moderate GCVwere recorded for seed yield per plant. Moderate estimatesof PCV and GCV were recorded for number of branches,internodal length, plant height, pod length, seeds per pod,harvest index, 100-seed weight, protein content, starch, podsper plant, total biomass and ascorbic acid. High heritabilitycoupled with high genetic advance was observed for podsper plant, total biomass, seed yield per plant and harvestindex. Seed yield per plant had positive association withinternodal length, plant height, pod length, seeds per pod,pods per plant, total biomass, harvest index and 100-seedweight at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Total biomassand harvest index had maximum positive direct effects onseed yield/plant. Based on variability studies, it can beconcluded that pods per plant, pod length, seeds/pod, totalbiomass and harvest index should be given due focus forthe improvement of garden pea.
Genetic improvement through chemical and physical mutagenesis for enhanced leaf production in moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
Authors: Prasanth Chigurupati Sai , Pulical Agnes Jose , Govindaswamy Mohan , Vanjinathan Sri-Sandhya
Published: July 2024

Creation of variation and selection of novel moringa(Moringa oleifera Lam.) cultivars with the desirable qualitiesdemanded by farmers, industrialists and consumers havelong been the breeding objective at HC & RI, Periyakulam,TNAU. Breeding for new leafy type moringa cultivar throughinduced mutagenesis approach was taken as an objectivefor this experiment. Several desirable Ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant lines that were identified frommoringa cultivar PKM-1. These mutant lines were recordedmore than four times (0.200 g.) of leaf dry weight productionthan PKM-1. It was also found that the percentage ofgermination was almost affected during physicalmutagenesis (Gamma irradiation). This reveals that thepercentage of germination is reduced with an increasedmutagen dose. The prospects of exploring the identifiedmutant lines and applications of tools of modern genomicsassisted breeding in genetic improvement of moringa withenhanced nutritionally, medicinally and industrially essentialtraits.
Effect of paddy straw mulch, irrigation regimes and nitrogen levels on the performance of spring transplanted bell pepper in semi-arid environment of South-Western Punjab
Authors: Kaur Anureet , Sekhon Karamjit Singh , Thaman Sudhir , Sidhu Ajaib Singh , Garg Naveen , Chawla Neena
Published: July 2024

A 4-years study was conducted to investigate the effect ofthree irrigation levels (I1= IW/CPE=0.6, I2=0.9, I3=1.2) andthree nitrogen levels (N1=100 kg/ha, N2=125 kg/ha, N3=150kg/ha) on growth, yield, quality and water use efficiency(WUE) of spring transplanted bell pepper with paddy strawmulching (PSM) @ 6 t/ha (M1) vis-à-vis without mulching(M0). Significantly higher fruit yield was recorded withhigher number of irrigations (I3) as compared to I1 and I2levels. The fruit yield under M0I3 was statistically at parwith that under M1I2 implying saving of 5-7 irrigations byusing PSM. Low nitrogen fertilization with PSM (N1M1)yielded at par with higher nitrogen fertilization withoutmulching (N3M0) revealing that 50 kg N/ha may be saved byusing PSM. The dry matter, ascorbic acid and chlorophyll(a, b and total chlorophyll) in fruits harvested from M1 plotswere higher than those from M0 plots whereas, the capsaicincontent in fruit was 14.6% lower in M1 plots than those frombare soil. The dry matter, vitamin C and chlorophyll (a, b andtotal) in fruits were the lowest in I1 and the highest valueswere recorded in I3 whereas the capsaicin content exhibitedthe contrary trend. A significant increase in fruit dry matter,ascorbic acid and chlorophyll (a, b and total); and a decreasein capsaicin content was observed with increase in nitrogendose from 100 kg/ha to 150 kg/ha. Water use (WU) wasslightly higher under M0 as compared to M1 plots, whereas,the WUE and profile water use (PWU) were higher in M1than in M0 plots. The WU and PWU exhibited an increasingtrend with increasing frequency of irrigation whereas theWUE showed a decreasing trend. The WU and WUE valueswere the highest at N3 and the lowest at N1 level. The organiccarbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassiumcontent of surface soil (0-15 cm) increased with PSM thanthose in bare soil.
Influence of foliar nutrients on growth and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Bhatt Rajendra , Raghav Manoj , . Lavlesh , Sati Umesh Chandra
Published: July 2024

To promote optimum growth and yield, the potato plantrequires a steady stream of the nitrogen along with anadequate supply of phosphorus, potassium and micronutrients. Hence, the present investigation was undertakento evaluatetheeffect of foliar nutrients on growth, andyieldof potato at Vegetable Research Centre of GBPUA&T,Pantnagar (Uttarakhand) during rabi season of 2017-2018.The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Designconsisting ofeleven treatments with four replications. Duringthe study, various observations in growth attributingcharacter viz. plant height, number of leaves per hill, numberof haulms per hill and stem diameter was recorded at dehaulmingstage whereas, fresh and dry weight of haulmsper hill were recorded at de-haulming stage. The yield andyield attributing character such as grade wise number oftubers, total number of tubers and total weight of tubers perplot and per hectare was recorded at harvesting stage. Thefindings of present investigation revealed that performanceof potato crop was significantly influenced by different foliarapplication treatments. Among all treatments, 75% N of RDFas basal + 2% foliar spray of 20:20:20 water soluble fertilizerat 30 & 45 DAP (T11) was found best with respect to overallplant growth and yield attributing characters.
Evaluation of IDM modules for tomato leaf curl disease management in Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Mishra Kaushlesh Kumar , Singh Jai
Published: July 2024

Comparative suitability assessment field trials of fourdifferent IDM modules for the management of leaf curldisease of tomato were conducted at farmer’s field. The trialcites were located in Chorgarhi, Mankesher and Upani villageof district Sidhi, Madhya Pradesh. The trials were conductedduring 2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17 as On Farm Trial. Trendof results obtained during past three years of experimentationindicated that all the management modules tested were foundsuperior over predominant farmer’s practice (M1). Themodule M4 having tolerant variety, seed treatment withinsecticide, nursery raising in nylon net cages of 40 mesh,root dip of seedling with systemic insecticide Imidacloprid,as to enable nursery to be transplanted, remain uninfestableby white flies and thrips at least up to 2 weeks aftertransplanting. Further, initial roughing at 3 weeks aftertransplanting and two subsequent sprays of systemicinsecticide before flowering, at 25 and 45 DAT was foundeffective not only in reducing disease incidence butdecreased total number of white fly per plant as well. Thispackage of practice was also able to enhance tomato yieldwith favorable cost benefit ratio. Module 4 was followed bymodule T3, where most of the measures mentioned in module4 were followed except use of nylon net. Therefore, it is verymuch evident that the seed treatment with insecticide andseedling dip measures along with physical intervention todeploy nylon net to prevent assess of vectors to nurseriesinside the cage, hold the great promise to have an almostleaf curl free crop.
Physio-biochemical changes associated with spatial differences of ovules in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L) fruit under open field and protected environments
Authors: Gupta Nakul , Jain SK , Tomar BS
Published: July 2024

Seeds from middle and stylar fruit segments showed superiorperformance in terms of seed yield and quality in chosentwo cucumber varieties (Pusa Barkha and Pusa Uday) underboth open field (E1) and protected (E2) environments, during2019-20, at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute,New Delhi. Besides, both seed quality and yield weresuperior under protected environment (E2). This may bedue to temporal and spatial advantage of stylar segment inreceiving the vigorous pollen and garnering higher foodaccumulates (protein, sugar, starch and oil) than peduncularsegment; thus, higher probability of seed setting. Higherdehydrogenases, antioxidants (SOD, CAT & POX) and lowerROS (H2O2 & O2·-), electrical conductance, TSS and TSP(seed leachates) from middle and stylar segment of fruitindicated the better physical and physiological soundnessof seed. The seeds from peduncular segment lagged behindin development and maturation, showed higher dormancy.Therefore, to obtain optimum seed quality in cucumber, seedshould be harvested from middle and stylar segments offruit.
Effect of sowing dates on biochemical parameters of edible pod pea genotypes
Authors: . Eshanee , Sharma Akhilesh , Singh Jagmeet , Dhaliwal YS , Manuja Sandeep
Published: July 2024

Edible pod pea which includes snow pea (Pisum sativumvar. saccharatum) and sugar snap pea (Pisum sativumvar. macrocarpon) is one of the popular cool seasonoriental vegetable which shares the cultivation patternwith the garden pea. The pods are mildly flavoured, lackpod parchment or fibre and can be eaten together asplump pods along with partially developed seeds usuallyby removing the tough strings along the edges of podsas salad, lightly boiled, steamed or used in ‘stir-fry’ andother dishes. At the global level, garden pea covers anarea of about 2.67 million hectares with a production of20.70 million metric tonnes and productivity of 7.75metric tonnes/ha (Anonymous 2017).
Character association among yield and market related traits in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata L.)
Authors: . Pooja , Maurya SK
Published: July 2024

Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata L.) is a tropical vine cropbelonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. It is third mostimportant vegetable after water melon and cucumber inthe world among cucurbitaceous vegetables. Pumpkinis a high value crop due to its long shelf life, availabilityfor long period, high nutritional composition and greatmedicinal properties. Both mature and immature fruitsare consumed as a vegetable. In India pumpkin is alsoknown as Kashiphal or Sitaphal. Fruits of pumpkinprovide a valuable source of carotenoid and ascorbicacid that have a major role in nutrition in the form ofprovitamin A and vitamin C as antioxidants (Jha et al.2009). Besides of this, pumpkin fruits are also very goodsource of carbohydrate. Pumpkin endows 25.0 K calenergy, 92.6 g moisture, 1.4 g protein, 0.1 g fat,
Nutritive values, dietary antioxidant and seed protein profile of some underutilized seeds and nuts from ethnic sources
Authors: Kalita Kandarpa
Published: July 2024

Study with seven unrelated and diverse type of non-conventional seeds and nuts, viz. Trapa natans, Nymphaea nouchali,Euryle ferox, Castanopsis argentea, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Nelumbo nucifera and Gnetum gnemon revealed thatthey are rich in nutritive values and high in calorific values. Crude protein content varied from 4.40-32.08%; carbohydratecontent varied from 38.66-77.50%. With calorific values in the range of 317.78 Kcal/100g to 376.62 Kcal/100g, these are highcalorie food with low lipid in the range of 0.93% to 6.74%. They are also rich in dietary antioxidant phenolics which variedwidely from 1.0-17.6 mg/g. The free amino acid content varied from 4.0-10.66 mg/g. Present study show that that nonconventionalseeds and nuts are very rich in nutrient content
Etika Pengelolaan Pemerintahan Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Ramadhan Ilham , Hadist Nurul , Kurniati Kurniati
Published: July 2024

Government ethics in Islam provides a strong moral foundation for the administration of a modern state. This research examines the ethical principles of Islamic government and their relevance in modern times. Through qualitative analysis of the Al-Quran, Hadith, and related literature, this research identifies three main pillars: honesty as a manifestation of trust, integrity in acting, and deliberation as a decision-making mechanism. The results show that applying these principles can increase transparency, accountability and public participation in government. Although there are challenges such as westernization and corruption, technological advances and democratization open new opportunities to make this happen. This research contributes to understanding the influence of Islamic values on ethical and effective governance practices, while providing valuable information to policy makers, practitioners and academics about building good and sustainable governance.
AbstrakEtika pemerintahan dalam Islam memberikan landasan moral yang kuat bagi penyelenggaraan negara modern. Penelitian ini mengkaji prinsip-prinsip etika pemerintahan Islam dan relevansinya di zaman modern. Melalui analisis kualitatif terhadap Al-Quran, Hadits, dan literatur terkait, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tiga pilar utama: kejujuran sebagai manifestasi amanah, integritas dalam bertindak, dan musyawarah sebagai mekanisme pengambilan keputusan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa penerapan prinsip-prinsip tersebut dapat meningkatkan transparansi, akuntabilitas, dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pemerintahan. Meskipun terdapat tantangan seperti westernisasi dan korupsi, kemajuan teknologi dan demokratisasi membuka peluang baru untuk mewujudkannya. penelitian ini berkontribusi untuk memahami pengaruh nilai-nilai Islam terhadap praktik tata kelola yang etis dan efektif, sekaligus memberikan informasi berharga kepada pembuat kebijakan, praktisi, dan akademisi tentang membangun tata kelola yang baik dan berkelanjutan.
Classification of contracts used in agriculture based on literature review
Authors: Mihailova Mihaela ,   Agricultural academy, Institute of agricultural economics – Sofia
Published: July 2024

This literature review aims to present a comprehensive overview of contracts used in agriculture, focusing on their development, usage, and impacts in Bulgaria and other countries, and based on it make a classification of the contracts. The research is grounded in the broader field of agricultural economics, rural development and instructional economics, emphasizing the shift in use in contracts in agriculture in Bulgaria after the accession of the country in the EU. It delves into various types of contracts used in agriculture. The classification that is created is illustrating a detailed framework that organizes these agreements based on their focus and functionality.
Analysis of the dependence between the total yield and the irrigation rate for corn
Authors: Matev Alexander ,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural academy, Uzundzhalieva Katya , Stamatov Stanislav , Masheva Veselina , Petrovska Natalia ,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural academy,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural academy,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural academy,   Institute of Maize – Knezha, Agricultural academy
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this work is to study the influence of reduced irrigation rates on the productivity of corn (FAO group 600) grown for grain in the Plovdiv region and to establish the parameters of the “Total yieldirrigation rate” relationship. The experiment was carried out in the period 2004-2018 in Agricultural University – Plovdiv, with the late hybrid “Knezha-613”. The variants of the experiment are: 1) without irrigation; 5) optimal irrigation (pre-irrigation soil moisture 75% of FC for the layer 0-80 cm); 2, 3, and 4) irrigation with respectively 25, 50 and 75 % of the rate for variant 5. The relationship is determined based on three types of formulas – regression equation, quadratic formula, and power formula. The highest accuracy is achieved by power relationship at power exponent n=1.3 and r=0.725. The quadratic formula is recommended when relative yield data are only under non-irrigated conditions. These two variants of relationship give a sufficiently accurate forecast for the yield when irrigation rates are reduced by up to 25%. The regression is also usable, but it is inferior to the power and quadratic variants.
Parameters of the relationship „Yield-evapotranspiration by swaths” in a grass mixture of english ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.)
Authors: Lozanova Nora ,   Forestry University - Sofia, Matev Alexander , Stamatov Stanislav , Uzundzhalieva Katya , Masheva Veselina , Zhivkov Zhivko ,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural Academy,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural Academy,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural Academy,   Institute of Plant Genetic Resources – Sadovo, Agricultural Academy,   Forestry University - Sofia
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to establish the parameters of the relationship „Yield-ET by swaths” in a grass mixture of English ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and Red fescue (Festuca rubra L.). Data from an experiment with the application of a regulated water deficit, conducted at the Forestry University - Sofia, were used. The output data included the relative values of yield and evapotranspiration (ET) for each of the sub-crops separately. Two types of formulas were used: for the relationship „Yield-seasonal ET” and for the relationship „Yield-ET by phenophases”. From the first group, the two-power equation is recommended, according to which the first three swaths have greater requirements for ET, which can form some yield when providing at least 40-50% of the maximum ET. The fourth and fifth swaths show smaller requirements, but the differences compared to the first three swaths are in the range of 10-30%. Of the second group of equations, Steward’s linear formula, modified for use in swath crops, is recommended. It presents the relationship most realistically with R=0.983 and minimal difference between different swaths in terms of their sensitivity.
Effect of foliar chelated forms spraying on grape yield and mineral status of shoots
Authors: Poposka Hristina ,   Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje – Institute of agriculture, North Macedonia, Mukaetov Dusko ,   Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje – Institute of agriculture, North Macedonia
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the foliar chelated forms of Mg and Fe, on grape yield and mineral status of the shoots of vine cultivar Cardinal. Field trials were organized using a random block system with three variants, including a control (Variant I), each replicated three times. Foliar fertilizers were applied at a concentration of 0.5% on four occasions throughout the vegetation period: before and after blooming, during buckshot berry stage, and at the verasion stage. Over the ivestigation of three years, the application of foliar Mg and Fe fertilizers significantly influenced grape yield. The variant treated with Fe (VFe) demonstrated a higher average yield of 14.87 t/ha. Furthermore, a noticeable impact of foliar fertilizers on the concentration of analyzed elements in grapevine shoots was observed. Over the three-year period, the average content of macro elements, including nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and iron, was higher in the treated variants compared to the control. Additionally, results from shoot tissue analysis confirmed the existence of an antagonistic relationship between magnesium and potassium.
Possibilities of Inclusion of corn Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) alone or in combination with Probiotic as Broiler Feed Ingredient
Authors: Hristakieva Pavlina ,   Agricultural Academy, Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora, Bulgaria, Mincheva Nadya , Ivanova Ivelina , Oblakova Magdalena , Ivanov Nikolay , Velikov Krasimir , Slavov Ivan , Foucault Salome ,   Agricultural Academy, Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora, Bulgaria,   Agricultural Academy, Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora, Bulgaria,   Agricultural Academy, Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora, Bulgaria,   Agricultural Academy, Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora, Bulgaria,   Agricultural Academy, Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora, Bulgaria,   Agricultural Academy, Agricultural Institute - Stara Zagora, Bulgaria,   Oniris VetAgroBio - 101 route de Gachet, 44300 Nantes, France
Published: July 2024

In the production of the ethanol from cereal grains, besides the main product which is ethanol, there are olso very valuable by-product that can be used as animal feed. The dried distilled grains with solubles (DDGS) is quite rich in protein and other nutrients. With the ever-increasing cost of soybeans and corn, many scientists are studying the possibilities of using DDGS in poultry nutrition. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of including corn DDGS and corn DDGS and probiotic in compound feeds on productive, slaughter performance and some meat physicochemical parameters of broiler chickens under floor-rearing conditions. The experiment included 3 treatments (T), namely T1: the control group received a balanced compound feed, according to the requirements of the hybrid, without the participation of corn DDGS, T2: the diett contained 15% corn DDGS and T3: the dietts contained 15% corn DDGS and supplemented 500g probiotic/ton of feed. Each experiment had 20 one-day-old sexed male Ross-308 broiler chickens, replicated 3 times, and ended when the chickens were 35 days old. The results shown that diets T2 and T3 did not positively affect the weight development of chicks compared to T1 (the control group). At 35 days old, chicken weight from the control group outperformed the two experimental groups: by 8.45% in the T3 (corn DDGS and probiotic) and by 11.76% in the T2 (corn DDGS) at P<0.05. Differences in feed consumption per 1 kg of growth over the 35-day fattening period between the control and experimental groups were small and statistically unproven. Feeding diets with 15% DDGS from corn significantly reduced carcass weight, grill, thight and wing weight in broiler chickens. There were no significant differences in slaughter yield between the study groups. Diets T2 and T3 improved the water holding capacity (WHC %) of breast meat in broilers (at P< 0.001). The lowest loss in thermal processing (cooking) was observed in breast and thigh meat of chickens fed the diets with 15% corn DDGS and probiotic (P<0.05).
The Impact of Interpersonal Value Facets on Safety Culture: The Mediating Role of Safety Caring
Authors: Gill Shahzad Habib , Nazim Muhammad
Published: July 2024

In today’s organizational landscape, cultivating a robust safety culture is essential, particularly in high-risk sectors such as construction and utilities. The present research explores how several interpersonal value facets, including harmony value, respect and trust, caring and understanding, and safety caring overlap with one another and shaped the MEPCO’s safety culture. Drawing on social exchange theory, this study demonstrates how promoting specific positive organisational practices can encourage reception of these positive safe behaviours and thus, promote a positive safety climate. The research adopts cross-sectional research design where data is gained through questionnaires from the MEPCO employees, and then the data is analyzed by applying Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Consistent with the hypothesized effects, the analysis establishes the harmony value, respect and trust and caring and understanding factors of safety caring as being closely related. The safety caring component’s powerful influence over safety culture demonstrates the significance of emotionally sensitive and friendly work climates. This paper also brings contributions to the safety culture literature addressing relational aspects and offers practical recommendations for sectors characterized by high hazards and severe consequences to them.