bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peripheral venous dilation using flow-mediated dilation response: A randomized crossover study
Authors: Endo Hiroya , Sekiguchi Ryo , Kinoshita Michiko , Tanaka Katsuya
Published: August 2024

Background:

Venodilation is crucial in enhancing the success rate of peripheral intravenous cannulation. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a vasodilatory response initiated by temporary ischemia followed by reperfusion. This crossover study aimed to test the hypothesis that FMD induces dilation of the peripheral veins of the forearm.

Methods:

Fifteen healthy volunteers underwent the FMD and control conditions in a randomized order. FMD involved a 5-min occlusion of blood flow in the brachial artery, followed by reperfusion, achieved by inflating and deflating a cuff placed on the upper arm. The control condition involved participants remaining at rest. The primary outcome measure was a change in the cross-sectional area of the cephalic vein post-intervention. The secondary outcomes included changes in venous diameter and perfusion index (PI).

Results:

FMD significantly increased the cross-sectional area of the cephalic vein compared with the control condition (relative change to baseline: 37.7% (31.4) vs 2.2% (11.7)), with a mean difference of 35.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 16.4–54.5, p = 0.001). Both longitudinal and transverse diameters were significantly expanded with FMD compared to the control (relative change to baseline: 15.7% (15.4) vs 2.6% (3.6), p = 0.004; 18.9% (15.6) vs −0.0 (10.2), p = 0.003, respectively). Additionally, PI significantly increased with FMD compared with the control (relative change to baseline: 77.8% (56.9) vs 14.6% (36.0)), with a mean difference of 63.2% (95% CI: 31.2–95.2, p = 0.001).

Conclusion:

FMD application induced dilation of the cephalic vein of the forearm. The findings suggest that FMD is an effective technique for dilating the venous area and potentially improving the success rate of peripheral intravenous cannulation.
Desire at play: Tourism, credit cards and the American Express Money Card travel board game
Authors: Plukker Aimée
Published: August 2024

This article analyses the American Express travel board game Money Card (1972) as it highlights the intertwinement between the rise of a distinctive form of tourism as a modern mass industry and the expansion of the capitalist market, the primacy of the dollar, and U.S. hegemony. In a period marked by a shift from paper money to credit cards and global credit markets, American Express was the most powerful and easily identifiable symbol of the new post-war international economic order dominated by U.S. economic and political power. Placing the American Express Money Card board game within the shift from the post-war economy of reconstruction to credit expansion and neoliberalism, brings to the forefront the ways in which the game presented tourism as a ritual in celebration of capitalism. As a form of armchair travel, the board game sold tourism as a re-enchantment of the world. The article explores how the board game framed the American Express Card as fetish object, portrayed Europe as up for sale, and created a desire for the services of American Express and consumerism more generally. It shows how players were trained to use credit cards, be good consumers, and participate in the economy of the tourist industry. By advancing a capitalist tourist dreamworld, Money Card shaped perceptions of travel to Europe and created a religious illusion, offering a re-enchantment of the world through tourism and credit cards.
Stagnation in old age mortality among Finnish women: cause-of-death decomposition of life expectancy trends by income
Authors: Malmberg Satu , Tarkiainen Lasse , Junna Liina , Martikainen Pekka
Published: August 2024

Aims:

The decline in old age mortality and subsequent increase in life expectancy among older women has stalled in some high-income countries. The contribution of causes of death to and sub-group variations in these trends are generally not well understood. We assess trends in mortality and cause-of-death decomposition of life expectancy by income over the past 30 years in Finland.

Methods:

We obtained total population, annual register-based data on individuals (aged 30–89 years) residing in Finland in 1991–2020. We examined the trends in age-specific mortality rates and decomposed the contribution of various causes of death to changes in partial life expectancy among women aged 65–79 years over time and within each income quintile. In addition, we estimated life expectancy trends for the total population and by income quintile with and without causes related to alcohol consumption and smoking.

Results:

Our results indicate stagnation in mortality development among women in Finland aged 65–79 years. The slowdown of improvements in circulatory and heart disease mortality contributed substantially to the observed stagnation, although similar trends were observed in virtually all the causes of death we studied. The lowest income groups experienced the most adverse developments during the study period.

Conclusions:

The stagnating life expectancy observed among Finnish women cannot be attributed solely to one cause of death. In contrast to findings on the topic from many other developed countries, smoking-related causes of death were of little significance. The stagnation is linked to growing inequality in mortality development among older women in Finland, which affects the overall trend.
The risk of long-term opioid use among immigrants: a national registry-linkage study
Authors: Nestvold Håkon H. , Skurtveit Svetlana , Hamina Aleksi , Hjellvik Vidar , Odsbu Ingvild
Published: August 2024

Aims:

We aimed to investigate the association between being an immigrant and long-term prescription opioid use in Norway in 2010–2019.

Methods:

Nested case–control study. The cases were all persons 18 years of age or older with long-term opioid use – that is, the use of prescription opioids longer than 3 months ( N=215,642). Cases were matched to four controls who filled at least one opioid prescription, but never developed long-term opioid use in the study period ( N=862,568) on sex, age and year of starting long-term/short-term opioid use. Being an immigrant was defined as being born outside of Norway to two foreign-born parents and four foreign-born grandparents. Adjusting for socioeconomic variables and clinical confounders, analyses were stratified on three age groups (18-44 years, 45-67 years and ⩾68 years).

Results:

For the youngest age group, being an immigrant was inversely associated with long-term opioid use (adjusted odds ratio 0.75; 95% confidence interval [0.72–0.77]) compared with being native-born people. For this age group, the odds ratio differed between people born in Africa (0.56 [0.52–0.62]), Central or South America (0.70 [0.62–0.79]), Europe outside the European Union (EU) (0.71 [0.65–0.77]), Asia including Turkey (0.80 [0.77–0.84]) and EU/European Economic Area (EEA) (0.81 [0.77–0.85]). For the middle age group, increased odds were found for immigrants versus natives (1.05 [1.02–1.08]) in particular for those born in North America (1.26 [1.13–1.40]) and the EU/EEA (1.13 [1.09–1.18]). There was no association in the oldest group.

Conclusions:

Compared with native-born people, immigrants had lower odds of long-term opioid use among younger adults, higher odds among middle-aged and similar odds among older adults.
Tumor-Associated Macrophage-Derived TGF-β1 Activates GLI2 via the Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway to Affect Cisplatin Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lan Xiaoling , Wei Dalong , Fang Lini , Wu Xiangsheng , Wu Biaoliang
Published: August 2024

Background

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is an immunosuppressive cytokine that is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). TGF-β1 plays important roles in regulating tumor metastasis and chemotherapy resistance. However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which TGF-β1 regulates cisplatin resistance in the TAM of LUAD remain unclear.

Materials and methods

THP-1 induced macrophages were co-cultured with A549 and H1975 cells, and subsequently transfected with silencing TGF-β1 (siTGF-β1), GLI2 (siGLI2), a GLI2 overexpression plasmid, and their negative controls. Cellular activity was measured by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. Transwell assays were performed to assess cell migration and invasion capabilities. The levels of Smad2/3, GLI2, cyclin D, and cyclin E expression were evaluated by qPCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence methods. TGF-β1 levels were determined by ELISA.

Results

Macrophages suppressed the apoptosis and promoted the migration and invasion of LUAD cells. TAM siTGF-β1 downregulated the Smad2/3 signaling pathways and GLI2 expression, deceased cell proliferation, and promoted apoptosis. SiGLI2 increased apoptosis and decreased the proliferation of LUAD cell lines. GLI2 decreased cisplatin resistance in LUAD cells.

Conclusion

High expression of TGF-β1 in the TAM positively activates GLI2 expression via the Smad2/3 pathway, which subsequently regulates cyclin D and cyclin E expression, and promotes the cisplatin resistance of LUAD.
Prior multisensory learning can facilitate auditory-only voice-identity and speech recognition in noise
Authors: Maguinness Corrina , Schall Sonja , Mathias Brian , Schoemann Martin , von Kriegstein Katharina
Published: August 2024

Seeing the visual articulatory movements of a speaker, while hearing their voice, helps with understanding what is said. This multisensory enhancement is particularly evident in noisy listening conditions. Multisensory enhancement also occurs even in auditory-only conditions: auditory-only speech and voice-identity recognition are superior for speakers previously learned with their face, compared to control learning; an effect termed the “face-benefit.” Whether the face-benefit can assist in maintaining robust perception in increasingly noisy listening conditions, similar to concurrent multisensory input, is unknown. Here, in two behavioural experiments, we examined this hypothesis. In each experiment, participants learned a series of speakers’ voices together with their dynamic face or control image. Following learning, participants listened to auditory-only sentences spoken by the same speakers and recognised the content of the sentences (speech recognition, Experiment 1) or the voice-identity of the speaker (Experiment 2) in increasing levels of auditory noise. For speech recognition, we observed that 14 of 30 participants (47%) showed a face-benefit. 19 of 25 participants (76%) showed a face-benefit for voice-identity recognition. For those participants who demonstrated a face-benefit, the face-benefit increased with auditory noise levels. Taken together, the results support an audio–visual model of auditory communication and suggest that the brain can develop a flexible system in which learned facial characteristics are used to deal with varying auditory uncertainty.
“Chop and Change”: Examining the occurrence of squad rotation and its effect on team performance in top European football leagues
Authors: Mehta Saumya , Bassek Manuel , Garnica-Caparros Marc , Memmert Daniel
Published: August 2024

The occurrence of squad rotation in football and its effect on team performance in terms of points have not been comprehensively studied in football performance analysis literature. This study deploys a data-driven approach to examine the occurrence of squad rotation across English, French, Italian and Spanish leagues over multiple seasons. It aims to establish the relationship observed between average squad rotations in starting lineups and end-of-season points. A total of 16,720 matches dating from the 2010/11 to 2021/22 seasons were analysed for average rotations in each team involved and the respective team's end of season points, alongside contextual information such as injury and logarithmic market value. A linear mixed-effects model was used to study this relationship, with each variable as well as interaction of variables being analysed for fixed effects. The results show that a significant relationship exists between team success, average rotation of the team per match and market value of the team, while no significant effects are found for injuries. The results describe how universally deploying squad rotation may not yield higher points over a season, but also shows how the effect of rotations on team success keep increasing as the market value of teams increases.
Application of statutory rape laws on male adolescents: Perspectives from police and probation officers
Authors: Mohammad Taufik , Barroso Ricardo
Published: August 2024

Statutory rape laws are designed to protect children from engaging in sexual relationships. While the enforcement of the laws on adult perpetrators is clear in its objective, its enforcement on adolescent perpetrators has been subjected to debates due to its complex nature. In Malaysia, the police and probation officers act as first responders in statutory rape cases, giving them valuable experience that can contribute to a deeper understanding in these cases. In this qualitative study, 22 police and probation officers were interviewed regarding their perspectives on the enforcement of statutory rape laws, their emotional disposition when statutory rape laws are enforced on adolescent perpetrators, and their perspective on the characteristics of statutory rape cases involving adolescent perpetrators, compared to their adult counterparts.Thematic analysis of the responses unveiled the worldview of the respondents, where some similarities in the perspectives were observed, especially in the respondents’ view on the larger purpose of the laws in protecting young girls. However, some differences were noted, such as in how the officers viewed the enforcement of statutory rape laws based on the characteristics of their profession. For instance, the police officers tended to defer to the laws and the probation officers tended to find the ‘whole story’ of the case. The findings also demonstrated the nature of sexual relationships between two adolescents, by which girls could as well be the initiators. The findings offer insights into potential avenues for improving the enforcement of statutory rape laws, particularly on adolescent perpetrators. Drawn from the responses, enforcement of statutory rape laws on male adolescents should take into account the complexity of adolescent sexual behaviour in relation to developmental and socio-religious factors.
‘Playing the robot’s advocate’: Bystanders’ descriptions of a robot’s conduct in public settings
Authors: Rudaz Damien , Licoppe Christian
Published: August 2024

Relying on a large corpus of natural interactions between visitors and a robot in a museum setting, we study a recurrent practice through which humans ‘worked’ to maintain the robot as a competent participant: the description by bystanders, in a way that was made accessible to the main speaker, of the social action that the robot was taken to be accomplishing. Doing so, bystanders maintained the robot’s (sometimes incongruous) behaviour as relevant to the activity at hand and preserved the robot itself as a competent participant. Relying on these data, we argue that ex ante definitions of a robot as ‘social’ (i.e. before any interaction occurred) run the risk of naturalizing as self-evident the observable result from micro-sociological processes: namely, the interactional work of co-present humans through which the robot’s conduct is reconfigured as contextually relevant.
A proposal for name-tagging three-dimensional distal radial fracture fragments based on preliminary results
Authors: Verstreken Andreas , Michielsen Jozef , Vanhees Matthias
Published: August 2024

Melone introduced a classification system for distal radial fractures, emphasizing the intra-articular patterns. We explore the significance of key part fragments and introduce a three-dimensional fracture tagging system based on an updated version of Melone’s concept.
Clinical outcome of elbow extension restoration by posterior deltoid-to-triceps transfer in tetraplegia: a retrospective review of 51 patients
Authors: Schibli Silvia , Koch-Borner Sabrina , Arnet Ursina , Fridén Jan
Published: August 2024

In this study, we report the functional and perceived outcomes of 51 posterior deltoid-to-triceps transfers in patients with tetraplegia. With a minimum follow-up of 12 months, patients were divided into two subcategories based on preoperative posterior deltoid strength: Medical Research Council (MRC) 3 and MRC 4/5. At 12-month follow-up, all patients achieved antigravity elbow extension. Patients with a stronger posterior deltoid (MRC 4/5) attained an elbow extension with a strength grade MRC 3.7 (SD 0.6), while those with a weaker posterior deltoid (MRC 3) reached an elbow extension of MRC 3.1 (SD 0.6). Patient-reported outcome measure was evaluated using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and demonstrated a significant improvement for both performance and satisfaction. No difference in the COPM scores could be found between the two subcategories. This study indicates that tetraplegic patients with a posterior deltoid strength grade of both MRC 4/5 as well as MRC 3 benefit from the procedure.

Level of evidence: III
Virtual global health education partnerships for health professional students: a scoping review
Authors: Lenhard Nora K. , An Crystal , Jasthi Divya , Laurel-Vargas Veronica , Weinstein Ilon , Lam Suet K.
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Although there is rising interest in virtual global health (GH) education in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been no report on the body of literature describing virtual education partnerships for health professional students. This scoping review examines virtual GH partnerships involving health professional students, including any barriers identified or best practices and ways to address them.

Methods:

We searched PubMed for studies describing virtual GH education partnerships using keywords related to GH, virtual learning, and partnerships. Inclusion criteria were that the activity was virtual, involved health professional students in two or more countries, and was reported in English or Spanish. In-person clinical electives and interventions that had not yet occurred were excluded. Study quality was assessed using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI).

Results:

The search algorithm yielded 308 articles. Seventeen studies met full inclusion criteria. Four studies described asynchronous formats, whereas 13 were synchronous. Common challenges included scheduling challenges, language barriers, and technological limitations. Suggested improvements included having increased faculty support and expanding partnerships to multiple languages. The median MERSQI score was 8.25 out of 18 possible points.

Conclusion:

There are limited studies investigating the effectiveness of virtual GH education partnerships, and more robust evaluation is needed to further understand the optimal role of virtual education in teaching GH skills. Despite logistical challenges, virtual partnerships can provide innovative GH education through bidirectional educational exchanges that students find valuable.
Rigidone or ent-perezone?
Authors: Bucio-Vásquez Ma Alvina , Fuentes-Figueroa Miguel Ángel , Hernández-Barragan Angelina , Zepeda-Vallejo Luis Gerardo , Burgueño-Tapia Eleuterio , Joseph-Nathan Pedro
Published: August 2024

Introduction

The 13C-NMR data described for perezone (1), a 3-hydroxy p-quinone stated as the first natural product isolated as crystals in the New World, and rigidone (2), a 4-hydroxy o-quinone isolated from a coral species, are essentially the same. Some years ago, we described, using theoretical calculations, that a 4-hydroxy-1,2-quinone is more than 11 kcal/mol less stable than a 3-hydroxy-1,4-quinone making coexistence in nature of this type of quinones. In the present study, we approach the situation by comparing of the experimental 13C-NMR data for 1 and those described for 2 with the calculated using computational methods. Additional evidence was obtained from a X-ray diffraction analysis for the reaction product of perezone with o-phenylendiamine.

Methods

The 13C-NMR data for the quinoid rings were calculated using the GIAO and CSGT methods, density functional theory (DFT) and the functional/basis set pairs B3LYP/6-31 g(d,p) and MPW1PW91/6-31 g(d,p); and TPSSTPSS/cc-PVTZ and PBE1PBE/aug-cc-PVDZ. Perezone reaction with o-phenylenediamine was achieved using a described method in MeOH at room temperature. X-Ray diffraction analysis of phenazine from perezone reaction was done using Mo Kα radiation. The data were used to calculate the Flack parameter.

Results

After conformational analysis, complete optimization of the geometry of the conformers found and, calculation of the 13C-NMR chemical shifts for the quinone ring of 1 and 2, in all cases a better agreement was observed between the experimental data for 1 versus 2. Perezone reaction with o-phenylenediamine afforded the corresponding phenazine in its amine-keto tautomeric form as evidenced from a X-ray diffraction study.

Conclusion

The better agreement observed between the experimental and calculated data for 1 versus 2, along with the free energy difference of more than 11 kcal/mol in favor of the 3-hydroxy p-quinone versus 4-hydroxy o-quinone, previously established for us, allow to say that the structure described for rigidone corresponds to ent -perezone.
Lower Extremity Hockey Puck Impaction Fractures in Professional Hockey Players: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ambus Nicholas G. , Swiergol Max , Sherman Nathan C. , Latt Leonard Daniel
Published: August 2024

Hockey is a contact sport notorious for injuries. The hockey puck is a projectile that can impart substantial energy when it impacts a player. Hockey puck impact is a frequent and underreported cause of injury. This case report describes the clinical course of 3 professional hockey players who sustained injuries to the lower leg and ankle from projectile hockey pucks. Each player sustained a unique injury with associated complications affecting return to play. We aim to bring attention to this injury mechanism that can cause significant morbidity among players.

Levels of Evidence: IV
The effect of shape on visual size perception
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Li Shujie , Yin Keli
Published: August 2024

The Delboeuf illusion occurs when two circles (test figures) of equal radius are placed side by side and surrounded by concentric circles (inducers) of varying radii, resulting in the test figure being misestimated depending on the size of the surrounding inducer. This study conducted three experiments to explore the impact of shape and the contour attraction and parallel attraction on the Delboeuf illusion for different shapes. In Experiment 1 ( n = 64), the test figures remained as circles while the inducers varied in shape. Experiment 2 ( n = 64) involved simultaneous changes in the shape of both the test figures and the inducers. Experiment 3 ( n = 64) replicated Experiment 2, with the exception that the areas of the inducers were equal and the distances between the inducers and the test figures were also equal. We conclude that the shape of the inducer and the test figure had an impact on the visual size perception, and in the magnitude of the Delboeuf illusion, varied depending on contour attraction. Configurations with circles or shapes resembling circles exhibit contour attraction, while configurations with shapes possessing longer parallel lines shift toward parallel attraction, both attractions enhance the perceived magnitude of the Delboeuf illusion.
Satellite intermediaries: Media management and entrepreneurial labour in the Chinese Wanghong livestream guilds
Authors: Yu Xiaoting
Published: August 2024

In China, livestream guilds represent a significant secondary sector within the wanghong economy. These organisations are similar in many ways to multichannel networks (MCN), the bridge between video-based and streaming-based social media platforms and creators. As the wanghong industry institutionalises, livestream guilds have become a vital player in the governing infrastructure of platform economy. This paper introduces the term ‘satellite intermediaries’ to describe an extended layer of cultural intermediation within the production side of the platform economy. Through a critical analysis of the media management practices and dispositions of Chinese livestream guilds professionals, this study focuses on the role of livestream guilds in constructing the discourse of entrepreneurial labour. It argues that Chinese livestream guilds, as a form of satellite intermediaries, extend the understanding of traditional cultural intermediaries, and contribute to the structuration of work and labour in the wanghong industry.
A Simplified Staged Left Ventricular Recruitment Strategy to Achieve Biventricular Repair in a Neonate With Hypoplastic Left Heart Variant
Authors: Philip Ranjit , Johnson Jason , Naik Ronak J. , Perkins Adegbemisola A. , Sathanandam Shyam , Knott-Craig Christopher J. , Boston Umar
Published: August 2024

Hypoplastic left heart complex presents a diverse spectrum of variants. Traditional management has been dichotomous, involving either single ventricle palliation or high-risk biventricular repair. Surgical approaches to achieve biventricular repair in children with borderline left ventricle are continually evolving. One such method is the staged left ventricular recruitment (SLVR) strategy. Here, we illustrate a unique surgical approach to SLVR, achieving biventricular repair over 22 months in a neonate with hypoplastic left heart variant.
Strategies for Partitioning Narratives
Authors: Zhang Zhen
Published: August 2024

The Hollywood narrative film is often viewed as an overall causal relationship driven by the protagonist’s pursuits. Contrary to this point of view, this study treats the Hollywood narrative film as a complex of primary and secondary causal relationships dominated by protagonists and supporting roles, respectively, and proposes to use the protagonist-led causal relationship to segment the Hollywood narrative film. The paper also advocates the use of visual, verbal, and aural performance cues to demarcate primary and secondary narrative units. The narrative units obtained through this segmentation method can be used to study Hollywood narrative film development, characters, and the relation between narrative and performance. This paper selects four Hollywood films ( Roman Holiday, Interstellar, Joker, and Lolita) representing different narrative paths to test the segmentation method. The validation process shows that the proposed method can effectively segment linear and non-linear Hollywood narrative films and distinguish narrative units. However, this study only applies the proposed segmentation method to limited Hollywood narrative films. Larger-scale validations are required in the future to test the effectiveness of the method and further refine it.
Social Connectedness Protects Against the Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences on First-Year Undergraduate Mental Health
Authors: Weisblum Margaret , Zhu Cathy , Ajila Trisha , Wang Shu-wen
Published: August 2024

Previous research has found significant links between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and worsened mental health outcomes in adulthood but has largely neglected the specific developmental period of the transition to college. The current study examined whether social factors (connectedness, integration, and support) moderated the links between ACEs and mental health. Participants ( N = 129, Mage = 18.6) were first-year undergraduates who completed an anonymous online survey study. ACEs were found to significantly correlate with stress, anxiety, and depression. Of the three social factors, only social connectedness had a buffering effect on the association between ACEs with anxiety and depression. Thematic analysis of open-ended responses illuminated participant psychosocial challenges relating to difficulty with relationships, social avoidance, lack of trust, social comparison, and feelings of exclusion and loneliness. The current research highlights the key role of social connectedness in the psychosocial well-being of college students vulnerable to distress.
Limb amputation versus salvage: Evaluating how reliable YouTube is as a source for patient education
Authors: Zverev Samuel , Moawad Christina , Passano Brandon , Akerman Meredith , Simcox Trevor , Stevens Nicole , Patel Meelan
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study was to assess the educational quality and reliability of YouTube videos related to lower extremity amputation (LEA) versus limb salvage. Pertinent YouTube videos were identified using specific search terms and video educational quality was assessed via validated assessment tools. Fifty-nine videos met inclusion criteria and the mean Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) score was 2.3 ± 0.65 (range: 0–4), indicating poor reliability. The mean Global Quality Score (GQS) was 2.66 ± 0.99 (range: 1–5), reflecting suboptimal educational quality. The mean Limb Salvage versus Amputation (LSA) score was 5.59 ± 3.66 (range: 0–15), indicating limited content quality specifically related to LEA versus limb salvage. Longer video duration was positively correlated with higher JAMA, GQS, and LSA scores. Hospital/University-sponsored videos had higher JAMA and GQS scores and videos by Healthcare Professionals (Nonphysician: PhDs and medical educators) content creators had the highest LSA scores. The study highlights the need for improved patient educational resources on LEA versus limb salvage, as the overall reliability and educational quality of YouTube videos on this topic is poor.
Exploring sources, impacts, and coping strategies of anxiety among college counselors in China
Authors: Sun Wei , Park Eunjeong
Published: August 2024

This study is to explore the sources of anxiety experienced by college counselors in higher institutions in China and seek to understand the impact of anxiety, as well as the coping strategies and resources that college counselors use to manage their anxiety. Fourteen interviewees were recruited from universities of various tiers from different regions of China. Content analysis and thematic analysis approaches were used based on the text mining software-KH Coder 3 and the descriptive coding in Nvivo 12 to analyze the transcribed and translated texts. The findings revealed high levels of anxiety among Chinese college counselors and identified four main sources causing anxiety among counselors, including work-related issues, self-imposed pressure, societal pressures, and school culture. Anxiety has various impacts on college counselors, including personal impacts such as emotional burnout, lack of focus, and emotional fatigue; professional impacts affecting the quality and effectiveness of their work; and interpersonal impacts like communication breakdown and personal emotional transmission. College counselors employ a range of anxiety coping strategies to effectively manage their own well-being such as social strategies, meta-cognitive strategies and cognitive strategies. The findings illuminate the well-being of college counselors and may provide insights into strategies employed to manage their anxiety.
Ectopic Pancreas at the Ampulla Diagnosed With Endoscopic Snare Papillectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Bathobakae Lefika , Mücahit Derya , Bashir Rammy , Russo Joseph , Vidreiro Angela , Mekheal Nader , Yuridullah Ruhin , Cavanagh Yana
Published: August 2024

Ectopic pancreas, also known as heterotopic pancreas, is a rare condition in which the pancreatic tissue is found outside its usual location in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is commonly asymptomatic and benign, and is often discovered incidentally during routine imaging, endoscopy, surgery, or autopsy. However, complications can arise, such as inflammation, bleeding, obstruction, or even malignant transformation, necessitating surgical intervention in some cases. Ectopic pancreas at the ampulla of Vater (EPAV) is an extremely rare condition and a diagnostic and therapeutic nightmare. Most cases have been diagnosed through invasive surgery due to concerns for malignancy, which carries significant morbidity and mortality. In our case, endoscopic snare papillectomy (ESP) was employed to establish a diagnosis. Thus far, only one other case has been reported in which ESP was used to diagnose and resect a pancreatic heterotopia at the ampulla.
Well-Being Outcomes from the Delivery of RASCALs, a Group Activity Intervention Using Nature-Focused Livestream Broadcasts
Authors: Mauldin Rebecca L. , Westmore Megan R. , Tulloh Anna , Anderson Keith A.
Published: August 2024

Group activities and connection with nature are associated with improved well-being for older adults. This quasi-experiment tests the effectiveness of RASCALs, an innovative program of group activities using nature-focused livestream broadcasts. Assisted living residents in the experimental group ( n = 16) lived in buildings that received RASCALs programming twice a week for 3 months. Compared to residents in the comparison group ( n = 17) who received regular group activity programming, they experienced significant positive change in the Positive Relations with Others domain of well-being (β = .873, p = .008). Combining nature-focused livestream broadcasts with groups activities for older adults in assisted living communities may be an innovative and effective way to overcome barriers to accessing nature and improve residents’ well-being.
Scale of Outcome-based Education: Beyond the Knowledge-Skill Dichotomy
Authors: Sarkar Debarun , Kurup Anitha
Published: August 2024

This article fills a notable gap in existing research on outcome-based education (OBE) in India. It reports findings from a multi-sited field-based investigation of OBE across five relatively highly ranked institutions in India. Building on actor–network theory the article argues that attempting to study OBE opens up a range of concerns such as disciplinary dispositions, teacher training, methodological limitations of OBE, concerns of labour, management and the problem of designating the scalar boundaries of OBE. The article argues that OBE allows problematizing the distinction between skill and knowledge and the hierarchy that exists between them. It argues that OBE need not be construed as a degradation of higher education into trade schools, rather this moment provides us an opportunity to rethink the relationship between vocational, technical, and general education. This assumes significance in the current context as the new clientele of higher education do not have the luxury nor often the aspiration for further education but want to use undergraduate education as a take-off to build meaningful careers outside the academia.
Experiences of Parents and Caregivers of Children Who Underwent Gastrostomy Tube Insertion
Authors: Kinsella Ciara , Dunphy Aisling , McCormack Siobhan , Wilson Charlotte , Bennett Annemarie E
Published: August 2024

Gastrostomy feeding is a route of enteral nutrition for children with feeding difficulties. This study investigated caregiver experiences of the transition to gastrostomy feeding. A survey was administered to caregivers of children <18 years in a major pediatric center in Ireland. Experiences of decision-making, support, and adjusting to tube feeding were examined. Seventy-six caregivers participated. Median satisfaction with the information provided by the hospital was high. Almost half (48%) spoke to another caregiver of a child with a gastrostomy prior to their own child's gastrostomy insertion and most (88%) felt reassured by this. Concerns following insertion included managing the tube and their child's oral intake and feelings about the tube. The oral intake of 83% of children who had some intake prior to gastrostomy insertion did not change or increased following insertion. Most (89%) would make the same decision to insert the tube. Feelings associated with the transition included relief and stress. Gastrostomy tube insertion presents logistical and psychosocial challenges for caregivers. Peer support from other caregivers may alleviate some of these challenges.
Learning Outcomes of Nursing Students’ Experience With Cadaveric Dissection: A Scoping Review
Authors: Horiuchi-Hirose Miwa , Fukuoka Tomoko , Saito Shinji
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Cadaver dissection in anatomy, a cornerstone of medical school education, has been replaced by digital technologies. This study aimed to determine the learning outcomes nursing students could achieve through cadaveric dissection practice (CDP).

Methods

This scoping review was carried out using the checklist outlined in the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews through August 2023. Articles from PubMed, ERIC, and CINAL were included. This scoping review included studies that focused on the learning effects of nursing students’ experiences with cadaver dissection, written in English, and covered all study types.

Results

The cadaveric dissection exercise resulted in a strong interest in the human body and a thorough understanding of anatomy and physiology. It also allows for creating an image of care for the patient before death, the meaning of existence after death, acceptance that death is not frightening, and an understanding of the afterlife. Furthermore, the cadaveric dissection exercise has been reported to improve confidence in patient care, lead to a better understanding of what other professions practice, and involve the development of professional identity.

Conclusions

Studies on the learning effects of CDP have differed in subject matter and educational methodologies. In the future, while determining how the experience of CDP is related to nursing practice of nursing students and graduates, we must explore effective CDP and develop educational methodologies that can achieve similar learning effects.
Potential New Phenotypic Presentation of Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium Maculopathy
Authors: Ghiam Sean , Pirouz Ash , Adrean Sean D.
Published: August 2024

Purpose: To describe a potential new phenotypic presentation of pentosan polysulfate sodium maculopathy. Methods: An observational case was analyzed. Results: A 55-year-old woman with interstitial cystitis who was treated with oral pentosan polysulfate sodium for 10 years presented with reports of decreased vision and metamorphopsia that had worsened over the past 3 months. On funduscopic examination, there were bilateral areas of retinal pigment epithelial hyperplasia inferior to the fovea with a surrounding halo of drusenoid material. Neurosensory retinal detachments with drusenoid deposition at the edges of the detachment were seen on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Conclusions: These findings could be mistaken for age-related macular degeneration, central serous retinopathy, Best disease, or adult vitelliform dystrophy. In this case, a review of pertinent medications assisted in making the diagnosis of toxic maculopathy. Proper diagnosis and prompt discontinuation of the inciting medication are necessary to avoid the risk for potentially irreversible retinal damage and vision loss.
Faricimab Treatment of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy Resistant to Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injections and Ranibizumab Port Delivery (Susvimo)
Authors: Bloom Jeffrey , Madani Rami , Haidar Ali J. , Alasil Tarek
Published: August 2024

Purpose: To report a case of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) recalcitrant to treatment with ranibizumab and with a ranibizumab port delivery system (Susvimo) but responsive to faricimab-svoa. Methods: A case and its findings were analyzed. Results: A 69-year-old Filipino man with PCV in the left eye was treated for 2 years with multiple ranibizumab intravitreal (IVT) injections followed by ranibizumab port delivery combined with rescue ranibizumab IVT injections, with no significant response clinically or on imaging. The visual acuity (VA) worsened to 20/100 OD. IVT treatment was switched to faricimab-svoa injections. After 2 injections, there was significant improvement on optical coherence tomography and in VA (20/60). Conclusions: This case shows the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting angiopoietin-2 in addition to vascular endothelial growth factor to treat PCV refractory to ranibizumab. Faricimab may provide an alternative to therapy with ranibizumab and verteporfin photodynamic therapy for the treatment of PCV.
The garden territory: Politics, aesthetics and the invention of green infrastructure in post-war Belgium
Authors: Danneels Koenraad , Block Greet De , Notteboom Bruno
Published: August 2024

This article contributes to the genealogy of green infrastructure design by shifting the focus from science and technology to include broader societal, political and aesthetic issues, using a critical historical analysis of landscape design. We examine post-war Belgian green infrastructure projects by landscape architect René Pechère (1908–2002) to uncover the complex negotiations between politics, aesthetics and technology. The focus of this article is Pechère's conception of the ‘Green Plan’, which merged the motorway and the garden to create the Belgian landscape as a ‘garden territory’. We argue that this landscape policy was not merely a ‘green’ compensation for a ‘grey’ infrastructure project, but a strategy to create a modern infrastructural landscape for Belgium. Pechère's plans served as instruments for modernisation within the post-war welfare state in combination with aesthetic principles rooted in fascist Germany. His objectives were to mitigate urbanisation processes, create an aestheticised landscape representation of the nation, and redistribute green spaces across the territory. This article aims to foster a critical re-engagement with contemporary infrastructure design discussions by developing a nuanced understanding of green infrastructure as a sociopolitical tool for territorial organisation.
Awareness, knowledge, and practice towards medication overuse headache in Thailand: A university hospital-based survey in residency training programs
Authors: Anukoolwittaya Prakit , Pongpitakmetha Thanakit , Hiransuthikul Akarin , Thanprasertsuk Sekh , Rattanawong Wanakorn
Published: August 2024

Background

Medication overuse headache (MOH) presents a considerable challenge in patient care, with physicians playing a critical role in its prevention and management. However, awareness, knowledge, and practices regarding MOH among physicians are often found to be inadequate.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital to investigate the awareness, knowledge, and practices concerning MOH among residents from family medicine, internal medicine, and neurology specialties. Participants were surveyed using an internet-based questionnaire.

Results

Of the 130 residents, 70 participated in the study. Ten percent were unaware that analgesics could exacerbate headaches, a finding particularly notable among family medicine residents. Furthermore, 11.4% of participants were uncertain about the classification of MOH, while 31.4% and 44.3% were uncertain about the frequency with which the use of simple analgesics and migraine-specific drugs could lead to MOH, respectively. This uncertainty was prevalent among residents in internal medicine and family medicine. Additionally, 22.9% of participants, especially those in internal medicine, prescribed opioids for abortive treatment in migraine patients. Residents in neurology generally performed better across various aspects compared to those in other specialties.

Conclusion

The study highlights a significant gap in the awareness, knowledge, and practices regarding MOH, particularly in non-neurology residency programs. Addressing these issues may require continuous medical education utilizing a multifaceted approach, encompassing undergraduate courses, postgraduate training, and public outreach.
Clinical and Pathological Features of the Nested Subtype of Urothelial Carcinoma With Lymph Node Metastasis as the Initial Presentation: A Case Report
Authors: Li Wenhua , Zhang Ying , Lu Baocheng , Yi Min
Published: August 2024

The nested subtype of urothelial carcinoma (NS-UC), a rare and aggressive bladder cancer, mimics benign bladder lesions but behaves like high-grade urothelial carcinomas. The author reported a rare case of NS-UC, initially presenting with inguinal lymph node metastasis. The tumor cells of NS-UC exhibit minimal cellular atypia, forming small nests, while the tumor cells of lymph node metastatic carcinoma show greater cellular atypia with diverse structures. Immunohistochemistry is helpful in determining the origin of lymph node metastatic carcinoma. NS-UC often presents morphologically similar to benign lesions, which should be given sufficient attention.
Training and Assessment of Clinician’s Utilization of the Los Angeles Classification for Reflux Esophagitis
Authors: Dadgar Kayla , Wang Dennis , Yuan Yuhong , Sinclair Paul , Sharma Prateek , Armstrong David
Published: August 2024

Background:

Endoscopic recognition of reflux esophagitis is critical for the evaluation and treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease; however, there are limited data on the need for education to minimize interobserver disagreement in clinical practice.

Methods:

We created an educational program for the LA classification on the International Working Group for the Classification of Oesophagitis (IWGCO) website that included endoscopic video recordings of the distal esophagus. Participants completed an entry survey before the training module and were able to proceed to subsequent training videos once they provided the correct LA classification. Participants then completed a test module—an 80% score was required to pass. Descriptive analyses and regression analyses were performed to analyze data.

Results:

In the entry survey, 83/90 (92%) participants reported using the LA classification for the majority or all patients with reflux symptoms. However, only 31/90 (34%) participants reported feeling very or completely confident in the use of the LA classification. Only 3/71 (4.2%) participants correctly classified all 9 training videos on their first attempt. The testing module was completed by 60 participants, 16 (26.7%) of whom passed after one attempt, with 32 (53.3%), 8 (13.3%), and 1 (1.7%) passing after 2, 3, and 4 attempts, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the number of attempts to successfully pass the testing module and participant characteristics.

Conclusion:

Even after a training module, >75% of participants required more than one attempt to correctly classify the test videos. Further structured education around the LA classification is needed.
Performance Reviews are Dead, Long Live Performance Management!
Authors: Aguinis Herman , Burgi-Tian Jing
Published: August 2024

Deloitte, Microsoft, and many other companies have abandoned performance reviews and ratings. But is this really a good idea? Herman Aguinis and Jing Burgi-Tian explain how effective performance management is the antidote to failed performance review systems and will help organizations to motivate and engage employees and use effective talent management to achieve strategic goals.
Courageous Leadership: Paul Polman’s Insights for the Next Generation of Business Managers
Authors: Pontillo John , Bravard Celia , Hoffman Andrew J.
Published: August 2024

In 2021, John Pontillo, Celia Bravard, and Andrew Hoffman conducted a series of interviews with Paul Polman, former CEO of Unilever. They discussed how business managers and leaders can build a new model of capitalism that serves the needs of society. Here’s what they learned.