Measúnú ar Ionphlandú Téarmaí Teicneolaíochta Faisnéise agus Cumarsáide sa Ghaeilge: Cur chuige corpasbhunaithe [Assessing the Implantation of ITC Terms in Irish: A corpus-based approach]
Authors: Ó Cleircín Gearóid , Murphy Jamie 
Published: November 2024

Pléann an páipéar seo le togra taighde chun ionphlandú téarmaí teicneolaíochta faisnéise agus cumarsáide sa Ghaeilge scríofa a mheas trí chuardach a dhéanamh i gcorpas téacsanna ríomhaireachta. Bunaíodh an mhodheolaíocht chorpasbhunaithe ar phrótacal taighde caighdeánach Quirion (2003), cur chuige aitheanta chun an t-ionphlandú téarmaíochta a thomhas. Go dtí seo, baineadh earraíocht as an gcur chuige sin i gcomhthéacs mórtheangacha amháin, áfach. Is beag taighde eimpíreach atá déanta go dtí seo ar an ionphlandú téarmaíochta i gcás na Gaeilge, cé is moite de shaothar Ní Ghearáin (2011), a bhreathnaigh ar fheasacht agus ar dhearcadh faisnéiseoirí Gaeltachta i leith na téarmaíochta oifigiúla. Tá an staidéar seo éagsúil uaidh sin mar tá sé ag díriú ar an teanga scríofa seachas ar an teanga labhartha agus ar fhianaise chorpais seachas ar agallaimh struchtúrtha. Roghnaíodh réimse na teicneolaíochta faisnéise de bhrí gur glacadh leis go mbeadh dóthain téacsanna digiteacha ar fáil sa réimse sin le corpas a thiomsú a shásódh na critéir atá leagtha amach i bprótacal Quirion. Roghnaíodh na coincheapa as 1,000 Téarma Ríomhaireachta (Uí Bhraonáin eag., 2000), mionfhoclóir a foilsíodh os cionn 20 bliain ó shin, tréimhse sách fada chun deis a bheith ag na téarmaí dul i bhfréamh sa Ghaeilge. Cuardaíodh 120 téarma caighdeánach, mar aon le leaganacha comhchiallacha eile de na coincheapa céanna, i sainchorpas nuachruthaithe a dearadh de réir phrótacal Quirion. Ríomhadh an ‘chomhéifeacht ionphlandaithe’ (implantation coefficient) ansin chun ráta ionphlandaithe gach leagain a thomhas. Cuirtear na torthaí i láthair sa pháipéar seo agus dírítear ar threochtaí spéisiúla atá le sonrú ina leith.
This paper deals with a research project to evaluate the implantation of information and communication technology terms in written Irish by searching in a corpus of computing texts. The corpus-based methodology was based on Quirion's (2003) standard research protocol, a recognised approach to measuring terminology implantation. So far, however, this approach has only been used in the context of majority languages. Little empirical research has been done so far on the implantation of terminology in the case of Irish, with the exception of the work of Ní Ghearáin (2011), who looked at the awareness and attitude of Gaeltacht informants towards official terminology. This study differs from that because it is focused on written language rather than spoken language and on corpus evidence rather than structured interviews. The field of information technology was chosen because it was presumed that there were enough digital texts available in that domain to compile a corpus that would satisfy the criteria set out in the Quirion protocol. The concepts were chosen from 1,000 Computing Terms (Uí Bhraonáin ed., 2000), a mini-dictionary published over 20 years ago, a sufficiently long period for the terms to have a chance to take root in Irish. 120 standard terms, together with other synonymous versions of the same concepts, were searched in a newly created specialized corpus designed according to the Quirion protocol. The ‘implantation coefficient’ was then calculated to measure the implantation rate of each variant. The results are presented in this paper and attention is paid to interesting trends that emerge from them.