bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An octo-aesthetic figuration for learning in times of crisis
Authors:   University of the Western Cape, Carstens Delphi
Published: February 2024

This theoretical paper mobilises a multi-modal figuration – octo-aesthetics – to argue for a transversal approach to HE (higher education) pedagogies appropriate to times of uncertainty. Using the eight independently thinking arms of the octopus as a guide, I deploy eight interrelated conceptual thinking aids to outline the relevance of an ethico-aesthetic paradigm to HE in times of individual, social, and environmental crisis. Deployed as speculative thinking aids, these octo- aesthetic figurations – schizoanalysis, bewilderment, shimmer, ecosophy, ecologicity, holobiont, trans-corporeality, and geontology – reclaim ‘vision’ and ‘objectivity’ from the disembodied all- knowing gaze of ‘Man’ and queer the central, and often unquestioned positions of privilege accorded to this viewpoint in humanist education systems. Calling into question anthropocentric binary/separatist humanist logics and assumptions of objective mastery, octo-aesthetic figurations reveal the onto-ethical outlines of a transversally situated learning modality that defies objectifying majoritarian modes of thinking/learning that are no longer appropriate to pedagogies in times of ecological calamity.
Meandering as learning: Co-creating care with Camissa Oceans in higher education
Authors:   Centre for Creative Education, Martin Aaniyah , Peers Joanne , Giorza Theresa
Published: February 2024

This paper meanders with students from the Centre for Creative Education to understand care and our relationship with Camissa. The authors explore Slow scholarship and research-creation frameworks that disrupt practices which remain entrenched in colonial, anthropocentric and patriarchal systems. Apartheid is felt by Black and Brown bodies through exclusions from the ocean and other spaces. This paper explores how enquiries and innovations open spaces for lost care practices to be re-membered.
Oligarki dan Jaringan Patronase: Dinamika Kebijakan Pertambangan Batu Bara di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu
Authors: As'ad Muhammad Uhaib , Barsihanor Barsihanor , Sobirin Sobirin , Hergianasari Putri
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran oligarki lokal dan jaringannya dalam kebijakan pertambangan batubara serta menganalisis relasi bisnis dan politik sebagai jaringan patronase dan implikasinya terhadap dinamika ekonomi dan politik lokal di Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu, Kalimantan Selatan. Metode penelitian dalam artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, yang dikerangkai dengan teori oligarki Winters dan Robison-Hadiz. Alasan memilih Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu sebagai lokasi penelitian, secara empiris wilayah ini menjadi epicentrum eksploitasi tambang dan lahirnya sejumlah oligarki lokal kroni kapitalis yang memiliki pengaruh bisnis dan kekuasaan. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu bahwa sejumlah perusahaan tambang batubara bukan saja sebatas aktivitas ekonomi-bisnis saja, akan tetapi telah merambah kepada wilayah politik kekuasaan. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa sumber daya tambang batubara telah menjadi instrumen persekongkolan para aktor politik dan aktor bisnis (pengusaha tambang) untuk membangun jaringan patronase politik dan bisnis. Jaringan patronse politik dan bisnis semakin terstruktur. Pemilihan kepala daerah (Pilkada) langsung sebagai praktaik demokrasi pasca reformasi telah melahirkan transisi demokrasi yag memberikan ruang dan kesempatan bagi para aktor bisnis.
Loss and Damage Financing in the Climate Justice Debate
Authors: Ikporukpo Chris O. , Ikporukpo Ninane Nina
Published: February 2024

The concept of Loss and Damage (L & D) emerged as a contentious issue during the negotiations for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).  The framing of the concept and the demand for a Loss and Damage Fund were both controversial.  It is these controversial dimensions of the climate change regime that are analysed in this article.  The data were obtained from mainly publications of UNFCCC Secretariat, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, climate negotiation blocs and civil society organisations.  Based on a sample of thirty-six sources, the varied conceptualisations of L & D are examined.  The concept was politicised.  Be that as it may, it was in the demand for L & D financing that the influence of politics was particularly apparent.  The demand brought into conflict the Global South and the Global North.  The basic argument of the Global South in its demand for a L & D Fund was based on the need for climate justice.  In spite of the fact that the demand started as early as 1991, it was only in 2022 during COP 27 in Egypt that the Global North accepted in principle, based on an understanding that liability and compensation were not involved.  The Fund was formally established during COP 28 in Dubai in 2023.  However, issues of effective funding remain.
Differences in student-AI interaction process on a drawing task: Focusing on students’ attitude towards AI and the level of drawing skills
Authors: Kim Jinhee , Ham Yoonhee , Lee Sang-Soog
Published: February 2024

Recent advances and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) have increased the opportunities for students to interact with AI in their learning tasks. Although various fields of scholarly research have investigated human-AI collaboration, the underlying processes of how students collaborate with AI in a student-AI teaming scenario have been scarcely investigated. To develop effective AI applications in education, it is necessary to understand differences in the student-AI interaction (SAI) process depending on students' characteristics. The present study attempts to fill this gap by exploring the differences in the SAI process amongst students with varying drawing proficiencies and attitudes towards AI in performing a public advertisement drawing task. Based on the empirical evidence obtained from the think-aloud protocols of 20 Korean undergraduate students, the study first conducted a lag sequential analysis to identify statistically significant linear patterns of each group and then chronologically incorporated them into the SAI duration via coded activity alignment series to distinguish the overall SAI process of each group. The study revealed the distinctive differences in SAI processes of students with different attitudes towards AI and drawing skills. To better facilitate student-AI teams for learning, a range of implications of educational AI development and instructional design is discussed.
 
Implications for practice or policy:

Educational AI should not be limited to performing a specific task and solving well-defined problems. It should be designed with a holistic view of the end-to-end student-AI process, interconnected to different learning activities in the learning process.
Educational AI should be capable of increasing students’ metacognition and emotional engagement.
An educational AI system architect team inclusive of diverse stakeholders should be formed to collaboratively design the AI system.
Modulation by Withania somnifera of stress-induced anxiogenesis and airway inflammation in rats
Authors: Rehman Sana , Naqvi Maaz , Ali Nafaa Hasan , Gulati Kavita , Ray Arunabha
Published: February 2024

Objectives

Stress is an aversive stimulus which disrupts the biological milieu of the organism and a variety of emotional and environmental stressors are known to influence allergic and immunological disorders like bronchial asthma but the pharmacological basis of such interactions is not clearly defined. Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is a potent anti-stress agent used widely in Indian traditional medicine and the present experimental study evaluated the effects of W. somnifera extract (WSE) on chronic stress-induced neurobehavioral and immunological responses in an experimental model of allergic asthma in rats.

Methods

Wistar rats (200–250 g) were immunized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) and exposed to restraint stress (RS) and WSE treatments for 15 days. Following this, anxiety behavior was assessed by the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, and blood and BAL fluid samples were collected for measuring of inflammatory/immune markers by ELISA and biochemical assay. The data of the various treatment groups were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test.

Results

Restraint stress (RS) induced anxiogenic behavior in the (EPM) test in OVA immunized rats, and this was attenuated by WSE (200 and 400 mg/kg), in a dose related manner. Examination of blood and BAL fluid in these RS exposed rats also resulted in elevations in IgE, TNF-α and IL-4 levels, which were also attenuated by WSE pretreatments. Further, WSE pretreatment neutralized the such RS induced changes in oxidative stress markers viz. elevated MDA and reduced GSH levels.

Conclusions

The data pharmacologically validates role of stress in asthma and suggests that adaptogens like WSE could be a potential complementary agent for reducing anxiety as well as airway inflammation by a multi-targeted and holistic approach. The study also highlights the significance of integration of traditional and modern medical concepts in such chronic disorders.
A Virtual Transcultural Understanding Pedagogy: Online Exchanges of Emic Asian Cultural Concepts
Authors: Dalsky David , Su Jueyun
Published: February 2024

This paper describes the principles and applications of a teaching/learning/research method of a “Virtual Transcultural Understanding Pedagogy” (VTUP) based on the conditions for prejudice reduction and the principles of Team Learning and Exploratory Practice. The pedagogy was implemented in a Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) project involving Japanese, Malaysian, and Chinese students enrolled in an online graduate seminar course conducted via Zoom at a leading research university in Japan. This seminar aimed to achieve a transcultural understanding of key emic cultural concepts through online interviews and collaborative writing using English as a lingua franca. Reflections on the exchanges that provide evidence for transcultural understanding are presented, thereby supporting the VTUP method. The contributions of the unique teaching/learning/research methodology to transcultural understanding and suggestions for implementing this pedagogy are discussed.
Ultrafast acousto-optic modulation at the near-infrared spectral range by interlayer vibrations
Authors: Park Tae Gwan , Kim Chaeyoon , Oh Eon-Taek , Na Hong Ryeol , Chun Seung-Hyun , Lee Sunghun , Rotermund Fabian
Published: February 2024

The acousto-optic modulation over a broad near-infrared (NIR) spectrum with high speed, excellent integrability, and relatively simple scheme is crucial for the application of next-generation opto-electronic and photonic devices. This study aims to experimentally demonstrate ultrafast acousto-optic phenomena in the broad NIR spectral range of 0.77–1.1 eV (1130–1610 nm). Hundreds of GHz of light modulation are revealed in an all-optical configuration by combining ultrafast optical spectroscopy and light–sound conversion in 10–20 nm-thick bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) van der Waals thin films. The modified optical transition energy and the line shape in the NIR band indicate phonon–photon interactions, resulting in a modulation of optical characteristics by the photoexcited interlayer vibrations in Bi2Se3. This all-optical, ultrafast acousto-optic modulation approach may open avenues for next-generation nanophotonic applications, including optical communications and processing, due to the synergistic combination of large-area capability, high photo-responsivity, and frequency tunability in the NIR spectral range.
Strong coupling of metamaterials with cavity photons: toward non-Hermitian optics
Authors: Meng Fanqi , Cao Lei , Mangeney Juliette , Roskos Hartmut G.
Published: February 2024

The investigation of strong coupling between light and matter is an important field of research. Its significance arises not only from the emergence of a plethora of intriguing chemical and physical phenomena, often novel and unexpected, but also from its provision of important tool sets for the design of core components for novel chemical, electronic, and photonic devices such as quantum computers, lasers, amplifiers, modulators, sensors and more. Strong coupling has been demonstrated for various material systems and spectral regimes, each exhibiting unique features and applications. In this perspective, we will focus on a sub-field of this domain of research and discuss the strong coupling between metamaterials and photonic cavities at THz frequencies. The metamaterials, themselves electromagnetic resonators, serve as “artificial atoms”. We provide a concise overview of recent advances and outline possible research directions in this vital and impactful field of interdisciplinary science.
Three Levels of Authoritarian Legitimacy
Authors: Silvan Kristiina
Published: February 2024

Who does a personalist authoritarian ruler designate as their successor, and what makes the transition of presidency to them peaceful in the short term? This article argues that these questions can be fruitfully approached from the perspective of political legitimacy, thus contributing to the further conceptualization of legitimacy in autocracies. By analyzing the 2019 leadership succession in Kazakhstan, the article develops a model of multi-level legitimacy that differentiates between three interconnected levels of legitimacy enjoyed by political actors among the general population, the elite, and the international community. The article tracks the legitimation process and the estimated level of legitimacy of three key political actors (Nazarbaev, Tokaev, and Nazarbaeva) from the immediate pre-resignation period until the political crisis of January 2022, covering both phases of succession: Nazarbaev’s exit from and Tokaev’s entry to power. To estimate the actors’ level of legitimacy on the three analytical levels of the model, the article draws from a diverse dataset consisting of public opinion polls, expert commentary, and international actors’ statements. The article finds that in the initial transition process, the estimated level of legitimacy enjoyed by both Nazarbaev and Tokaev was relatively high in all three levels, in contrast to Nazarbaeva’s. It argues that Nazarbaev’s and Tokaev’s legitimacy contributed to the transition’s initial peaceful nature, but Nazarbaeva’s legitimacy deficit resulted in her marginalization in the succession process. The political turmoil of January 2022 demonstrates that a succession that is peaceful in the short term can paradoxically contain the seeds of a succession conflict erupting later.
Nothing but light and dark masses: Alexander Cozens y el dibujo de paisajes
Authors: Llorens Moreno Núria
Published: February 2024

El pintor y profesor de dibujo Alexander Cozens (1717-1786) publicó a lo largo de su vida una serie de manuales en los que explicaba sus métodos y fórmulas para aprender a dibujar, principalmente escenas de paisaje. De entre todos destaca el más popular, titulado A New Method of Assisting the Invention in Drawing Original Compositions of Landscape (1785), en el que exponía la versión más completa de la original teoría del boceto manchado que había comenzado a desarrollar más de veinticinco años atrás. Poniendo el foco en el conjunto de sus manuales, a lo largo de este artículo analizaremos con detenimiento los métodos didácticos de Cozens, con el objeto de profundizar en la comprensión de la lógica y la poética que los alimenta. Este estudio nos llevará a descubrir múltiples detalles sobre los procedimientos y teorías del artista, y también a ahondar en la reflexión sobre la magia del esbozo.
Strategies for applying shape grammar to wooden furniture design: Taking traditional Chinese Ming-style recessed-leg table as an example
Authors: Xue Guanlan , Chen Jinlian
Published: February 2024

This paper uses shape grammar to conduct strategic research and innovative translation of existing wooden furniture designs. A traditional Chinese Ming-style recessed-leg table was used as an example to demonstrate its feasibility. The paper applies biological DNA genetic information to furniture products, and combines shape grammar to evolve and mutate them, thereby creating new forms of wooden furniture that maintain the original genes. A DNA gene pool of recessed-leg table was constructed, and an architectural queti replacement pool was constructed based on the rules of shape grammar as backup for subsequent experiments to replace part of the designed genes of the recessed-leg table. Shape grammar was used to deduce the recessed-leg table and generate three plans. A consumer questionnaire was established through the semantic differential method. After evaluating these three design plans, an optimal plan that meets market demand was selected, and modeling, rendering, and concept elaboration were performed. Finally, the paper takes Ming-style recessed-leg table as an example to demonstrate that it is effective and feasible to use shape grammar to guide the design and research of domestic wooden furniture.
Characterisation of Beating Through Study of the Visco-Elastic Properties of Paper
Authors:   NORWEGIAN PULP AND PAPER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, VINDEREN, Arlov A. P.
Published: February 2024

A strong sulphite pulp was beaten in different laboratory beaters to a series of freenesses. Handsheets were formed according to the British standard method. In this method, the sheets are clamped during drying and, thus, shrinkage in the plane of the paper is prevented. Stress/strain curves were recorded using the apparatus developed by the Steenberg group. It was found that sheets from pulp beaten to different freenesses in one and the same beater yielded stress/strain curves of approximately the same shape within the range of freenesses examined (Canadian standard freeness 600 250 ml). The shape of the curves, however, differed from one type of beater to another.
The Outer Secondary Wall: Pt. 1 – Its Structure
Authors:   BRITISH PAPER AND BOARD INDUSTRY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, KENLEY, Emerton H.W.
Published: February 2024

This paper is chiefly a review of work published by the author and others on the structure of the outer secondary wall (Sl) of softwood tracheids and hardwood fibres. There is now considerable evidence that the fibrils of S1 form more than one helix. Two counter-rotating and symmetrical helices have been demonstrated and these have a helix angle of ±55° to ±75° in the tracheids of the softwoods that have been examined so far. In hardwood fibres, the helix angle is probably significantly smaller. The nature of longitudinal features associated with SI is discussed, together with the probable thickness of this wall. Micrographs are shown of S1 in situ in a wood tissue.
A Note on the Permeability Method for Determining Surface Development and Swelling During Beating and Refining
Authors:   PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY DIVISION, PULP AND PAPER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CANADA, MONTREAL, Robertson A. A.
Published: February 2024

The permeability method for the determination of specific surfaces (Carman(1)) of particles forming an unconsolidated homogeneous bed have been applied by Robertson and Mason(6) to swollen pulp fibres. The permeability of the bed is measured at several bed concentrations and the data may be used to calculate not only a specific surface, but also a specific volume by suitable application of the Kozeny-Carman equation. The method has since been used by Corte,(3) Emerton,(4) Ingmanson,(5) Carroll and Mason(2) and others. It has previously been reported(6) that the development of specific volume during beating as measured by this method ran parallel to the strength development as measured by breaking length or burst. On the basis of rather limited data, the suggestion was made that the two phenomena swelling and strength development might be closely related for a given pulp. At the same time, it was noted that a relationship appeared to exist between the specific surface and the drainage properties as measured by a freeness test. The same observations were subsequently confirmed by Corte(3) and in part by Carroll and Mason.(2) The present note reports some subsequent work carried out at Svenska Träforskningsinstitutet, which generally confirms the previous picture, but suggests that the relationships are modified by the method of treatment.
The Outer Secondary Wall: Pt. 2 – Its Possible Papermaking Significance
Authors:   BRITISH PAPER AND BOARD INDUSTRY RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, KENLEY, Emerton H. W.
Published: February 2024

It is believed that the object of beating is to enhance the plastic deformability of the pulp fibres, at the same time increasing their surface activity. This is achieved by internal fibrillation, which potentially increases the amount of water imbibed. The actual amount imbibed will depend, however, on the ability of the fibre wall to swell freely. Thus, the rupture and partial removal of the swelling-constraining outer secondary wall may be a desirable object of beating.
Discontinuities in the Microscopic Structure of Wood Fibres
Authors:   CELLULOSEFABRIK ATTISHOLZ A.G., Bucher Hans
Published: February 2024

A discontinuous structural organisation characterises biological cells such as wood fibres. The correlation between discontinuities in the microscopic fibre structure and some physical and chemical features of the fibres are discussed. The co-axial lamellar structure, a longitudinal discontinuity, is of particular importance in fibre technology. Considering morphological phenomena during maceration of wood fibres, we came to the conclusion that a real discontinuity exists between the secondary wall and its inner layer, the so-called tertiary wall. The special morphological and individual character of the tertiary wall (S3) is demonstrated in a number of micrographs and colour slides. Information is given of the structure of the tertiary wall and the helix angles of the fibrillar pattern are indicated for 8 species of softwood. As the colour slides are not published in this paper and the number of micrographs has had to be reduced, some abridgements of the paper were necessary.
За підсумками року
Authors: Загородній Анатолій Глібович
Published: February 2024

Інтерв’ю з президентом НАН України академіком А.Г. Загороднім
Проблеми та перспективи транспортування суміші зеленого водню та природного газу в контексті розвитку водневої енергетики України
Authors: Звірко Ольга Іванівна
Published: February 2024

У доповіді наведено найважливіші результати фундаментальних та прикладних досліджень, проведених у Фізико-механічному інституті імені Г.В. Карпенка НАН України і спрямованих на вирішення проблеми безпечного транспортування енергоносіїв, зокрема сумішей водню з природним газом, з використанням наявної газотранспортної мережі України. Напрацьовано методологію оцінювання технічного стану сталей тривало експлуатованих газопроводів з урахуванням деструктивного впливу транспортованого ними водню; встановлено умови та критерії їх безпечної експлуатації.
Predicting Serious Bacterial Infections Among Hypothermic Infants in the Emergency Department
Authors: Money Nathan M. , Lo Yu Hsiang J. , King Hannah , Graves Christopher , Holland Jamie Lynn , Rogers Alexander , Hashikawa Andrew N. , Cruz Andrea T. , Lorenz Douglas J , Ramgopal Sriram
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

There is insufficient evidence to guide the initial evaluation of hypothermic infants. We aimed to evaluate risk factors for serious bacterial infections (SBI) among hypothermic infants presenting to the emergency department (ED).

METHODS

We conducted a multicenter case-control study among hypothermic (rectal temperature <36.5°C) infants ≤90 days presenting to the ED who had a blood culture collected. Our outcome was SBI (bacteremia, bacterial meningitis, and/or urinary tract infection). We performed 1:2 matching. Historical, physical examination and laboratory covariables were determined based on the literature review from febrile and hypothermic infants and used logistic regression to identify candidate risk factors.

RESULTS

Among 934 included infants, 57 (6.1%) had an SBI. In univariable analyses, the following were associated with SBI: age > 21 days, fever at home or in the ED, leukocytosis, elevated absolute neutrophil count, thrombocytosis, and abnormal urinalysis. Prematurity, respiratory distress, and hypothermia at home were negatively associated with SBI. The full multivariable model exhibited a c-index of 0.91 (95% confidence interval: 0.88–0.94). One variable (abnormal urinalysis) was selected for a reduced model, which had a c-index of 0.82 (95% confidence interval: 0.75–0.89). In a sensitivity analysis among hypothermic infants without fever (n = 22 with SBI among 116 infants), leukocytosis, absolute neutrophil count, and abnormal urinalysis were associated with SBI.

CONCLUSIONS

Historical, examination, and laboratory data show potential as variables for risk stratification of hypothermic infants with concern for SBI. Larger studies are needed to definitively risk stratify this cohort, particularly for invasive bacterial infections.
Congenital Anomalies of the Kidneys and Urinary Tract
Authors: Fong Jeanette , De Beritto Theodore
Published: February 2024

Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract encompass the spectrum of disorders that include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These abnormalities often lead to altered renal size and location, dysplastic changes in the kidney parenchyma, and anomalies in the collecting system. Though the etiology of each of these conditions can be variable, it is known that the collection of these defects represent 40% to 50% of all pediatric end-stage renal disease worldwide. The multifaceted management of these conditions is aimed at preserving kidney function and ultimately delaying the need for transplantation. With the advancement of prenatal ultrasonographic techniques, these conditions are more likely to be diagnosed before birth, which often leads to rapid postnatal intervention and better outcomes.
Child Health Needs and the Pediatric Nephrology Subspecialty Workforce: 2020–2040
Authors: Weidemann Darcy K. , Orr Colin J. , Norwood Victoria , Brophy Patrick , Leonard Mary B. , Ashoor Isa
Published: February 2024

Pediatric nephrology is dedicated to caring for children with kidney disease, a unique blend of acute care and chronic longitudinal patient relationships. Though historically a small field, trainee interest has declined over the past 2 decades. This has led to growing alarm about the health of the pediatric nephrology workforce, although concerns have been hampered by a lack of available data to enable feasible projections. This article is part of a supplement that anticipates the future pediatric subspecialty workforce supply. It draws on existing literature, data from the American Board of Pediatrics, and findings from a model that estimates the future supply of pediatric subspecialists developed by the Carolina Health Workforce Research Center at the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill’s Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research and Strategic Modeling Analytics & Planning Ltd. The workforce projections from 2020 to 2040 incorporate population growth, clinical effort, and geographic trends and model alternate scenarios adjusting for changes in trainee interest, clinical efforts, and workforce attrition. The baseline model predicts growth of clinical work equivalents by 26% by 2040, but further widening geographic disparities worsen the existing mismatch between supply, clinical need, and market demand. The worst-case scenario projects 13% growth by 2040 which, at best, maintains the status quo of an already strained workforce. The models do not account for many factors expected to heighten demand over the coming decades. Urgent reforms are necessary now. Proposed solutions require multipronged changes in education and training pathways, remuneration, clinical practice models, and government policy.
Democracia, estado de direito e governança da segurança cidadã (e justiça) na América Latina e no Caribe
Authors: Pazinato Eduardo , Tavares dos Santos José Vicente
Published: February 2024

Este artigo analisa a centralidade das políticas públicas de segurança e justiça na América Latina e no Caribe com base em diversas técnicas de pesquisa teórica (análise documental e bibliográfica) e de campo (visitas “in loco” e observações participantes), empreendidas entre 2015 e 2021. Parte-se do pressuposto de que as violências e inseguranças são abordadas como um flagrante obstáculo ao desenvolvimento humano e à consolidação do estado de direito na região. Identifica-se, no cotejo da literatura especializada e no estudo comparado dessas políticas públicas, a relevância do papel desempenhado pela liderança política do estado e pelo engajamento cívico de diversos atores sociais em torno de uma governança territorial integrada e integral das políticas de segurança pública cidadã. Inobstante a uma cultura política punitiva e a um histórico de governos autoritários na região, vislumbram-se, afinal, princípios e conceitos-chave para uma governança de novo tipo da segurança cidadã (e justiça) no Brasil e na região voltada a salvar e a preservar vidas.
Actividades lúdicas como estrategia pedagógica para fortalecer el aprendizaje en la asignatura Anatomía y Fisiología Humana
Authors: Lanza Castillo Vilma Del Valle , Romero Maza Lolymar De Los Ángeles , Bennasar García Miguel Israel
Published: February 2024

La lúdica a nivel educativo ha sido considerada como aquella herramienta para fortalecer algún contenido mediante el juego; siendo la lúdica una forma de transformar la cotidianidad, de sentir agrado y apreciar lo que acontece distinguiéndose como un hecho de satisfacción espiritual, mental y/o física, lo cual va a propiciar el fomento de las aptitudes, las inter-relaciones y perfeccionar la actitud para afrontar las diversas circunstancias en las personas. El objetivo de esta investigación se centró en desarrollar actividades lúdicas como estrategia pedagógica para optimizar el aprendizaje en el estudiantado cursante de la asignatura Anatomía y Fisiología Humana. El diseño de la investigación fue cualitativo y descriptivo. Las actividades aplicadas fueron trivias de preguntas y respuestas, crucigramas, bailes, composiciones musicales y poéticas, relacionados a los temas de la asignatura, posteriormente se recabaron las percepciones de la persona estudiante cursante de la asignatura en el recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina del ISFODOSU, durante el cuatrimestre II-2022 en la modalidad híbrida. Se determinó mediante el cuestionario aplicado que con el desarrollo de actividades lúdicas como estrategia pedagógica se lograron aprendizajes significativos que coadyuvaron con las competencias profesionales, se favoreció el conocimiento, el desarrollo de habilidades para la solución de problemas, la toma de decisiones y asimilar nuevas experiencias mediante el juego. El rendimiento del alumnado fue claramente favorable, y esto se tradujo en su desempeño escolar, logros y buenos resultados en sus evaluaciones.
Manifestaciones del bienestar a partir de la vivencia de separación de pareja en hombres en la etapa de adultez intermedia: un aporte desde la disciplina de Orientación
Authors: Marin Solórzano Andrea , Hernández Delgado Brandon Alberto , Jiménez Espinoza Ericka Isabel
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo científico busca recopilar los principales aportes del seminario final de graduación titulado: manifestaciones del bienestar desde las vivencias de hombres en adultez intermedia que experimentaron separación de pareja. El objetivo general es analizar estas manifestaciones propuestas desde el bienestar. Se utilizan antecedentes contextuales y empíricos nacionales e internacionales relacionados con el tema del bienestar y las relaciones de pareja, para contextualizar los hallazgos de la investigación. En cuanto a la disciplina de Orientación, se toman en cuenta los tres pilares fundamentales que caracterizan la disciplina: prevención, intervención social y desarrollo, resaltando que esta área puede brindar alternativas precisas que permitan el crecimiento integral de las personas con experiencias de la separación en esta etapa de la adultez intermedia. La investigación utiliza un enfoque cualitativo y una metodología fenomenológica, donde se hicieron entrevistas a profundidad a seis hombres en etapa de adultez intermedia. La aplicación de esta técnica de investigación contribuyó en el autoconocimiento y la comprensión de las experiencias de los hombres participantes mediante la recopilación de sus testimonios. Para el análisis de la información se utilizan tablas de consistencia, en la que se contrasta la bibliografía pertinente con las narraciones de los participantes. Se visualizan en los hallazgos, aspectos específicos para la promoción del bienestar integral desde la intervención orientadora. Esta puede brindar el apoyo colaborativo entre iguales, lo cual resulta muy valioso para afrontar el proceso de separación con distintas opciones en función del bienestar de cada hombre. Se recomienda la articulación de este tipo de procesos, en los que los hombres puedan explorar sus emociones en grupo y a partir de ello generar herramientas que aumenten sus niveles de bienestar.
Impact of urban outdoor thermal conditions on selected hospital admissions in Novi Sad, Serbia
Authors: Arsenović Daniela , Savić Stevan , Milošević Dragan , Lužanin Zorana , Kojić Milena , Radić Ivana , Harhaji Sanja , Arsić Miodrag
Published: February 2024

Climate change has been recognized as an important issue in public health, with particular concerns being raised about the effects of heat and cold extremes on health, and about seasonal changes over the year and their associations with increased mortality and hospitalizations. This paper explored the relationship between physiological equivalent temperature (PET) and cardiovascular and respiratory hospital admissions in Novi Sad (Serbia) with the aim of assessing the impact of urban outdoor thermal conditions on health. Analysis was performed using daily data on cardiovascular and respiratory hospital admissions by gender covering the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. For the same period, PET was calculated using data from two urban meteorological network stations. The association between PET and hospital admissions was examined using a generalized additive model (GAM) combined with a distributed lag non-linearmodel (DLNM). The study found a non-linear relationship between PET and cardiovascular and respiratory hospital admissions, with a larger impact during the cold period of the year. The findings also indicated that under conditions of high PET, the cumulative RR increased for cardiovascular admissions (for males) and respiratory admissions (for females). People with pre-existing respiratory diseases were found to be more vulnerable under conditions of extremely low and moderately low PET, with a greater effect at lag 0–14 days. By contrast, for people with cardiovascular diseases, low PET was linked to a decrease in hospital admissions, with the risk being lowest at lag 0 and 0–3 days.
Treat, follow-up, or discharge? An aid in sonographic decisions for the borderline centered neonatal/infantile hips
Authors:   Radiology, Vioapeikonisi Imaging Laboratory and Asklepieon Medical Clinic, Heraklion, Greece, Chlapoutakis Konstantinos , Raissaki Maria ,   School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece, Markatzinou Styliani ,   Radiology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Heraklion, Greece, Skoulikaris Nikolaos ,   Radiology, St Luke’s Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece, Galanos Antonios ,   Laboratory for Research of the Musculoskeletal System (LRMS), School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Hatzidakis Adam ,   School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece, Prassopoulos Panagiotis ,   School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Published: February 2024

Aim: To investigate whether linear measurements or ratios on the Graf’s “standard plane” ultrasound images of the neonatal/infantile hip, can support the clinically important differentiation between type I and type II hips. Material and methods: A total of 60 Graf type II hips and 124 randomly selected Graf type I hips, matched to the gestational age at delivery, birth weight, delivery mode, and age at the time of the examination, were identified through our hip screening service, during a period of two years. The images were diagnostically suitable, following anatomical identification and usability check, according to Graf. Anatomical landmarks including the lower limb of the os ilium, the bony rim, the silhouette of the os ilium, the labrum and the femoral head’s borders, were used to determine the measurements and ratios which quantified their inter-relationships. Results: The indices which differed significantly between type I and type II hips included: (a) the width of the “bony roof” (cut-off value 5.91 mm, sensitivity: 75%, specificity: 70%), (b) the ratio of the width of the “bony roof” to the femoral head’s width (cut-off value 0.40, sensitivity 83%, specificity 71%), and (c) the ratio of the cartilaginous acetabular roof’s width (including the labrum), to the width of the femoral head (cut-off value 0.450, sensitivity 82%, specificity 67%). Conclusions: Newly introduced measurements and calculated ratios on “standard plane” ultrasound images can be used as additional indices in the differentiation between Graf’s types of “centered hips”, thus increasing the diagnostic certainty of the examiner in borderline cases and limiting unnecessary re-examinations or treatment.
Quantitative gas-phase transmission electron microscopy: Where are we now and what comes next?
Authors: Jinschek Joerg R. , Helveg Stig , Allard Lawrence F. , Dionne Jennifer A. , Zhu Yuanyuan , Crozier Peter A.
Published: February 2024

Based on historical developments and the current state of the art in gas-phase transmission electron microscopy (GP-TEM), we provide a perspective covering exciting new technologies and methodologies of relevance for chemical and surface sciences. Considering thermal and photochemical reaction environments, we emphasize the benefit of implementing gas cells, quantitative TEM approaches using sensitive detection for structured electron illumination (in space and time) and data denoising, optical excitation, and data mining using autonomous machine learning techniques. These emerging advances open new ways to accelerate discoveries in chemical and surface sciences.

Graphical abstract
Effect of time-variant rainfall on landslide susceptibility: A case study in Quang Ngai Province, Vietnam
Authors: Doan Viet Long , Nguyen Ba-Quang-Vinh , Nguyen Chi Cong , Nguyen Cuong Tien
Published: February 2024

Rainfall is a triggering factor that causes landslides, especially in the regions where landslides often occur after consecutive days of heavy rainfall. Most previous studies only used a specific rainfall map for landslide susceptibility assessment. However, this approach was unreasonable because rainfall is a time-variant data. This study uses the time series data of 1-day, 3-day, 5-day, and 7-day maximum precipitation from 2016 to 2020 in the mountainous area of Quang Ngai province for landslide susceptibility assessment. These data and other influencing factors were used to develop landslide spatial prediction models using the Extreme Gradient Boosting method. The prediction model's performance was assessed using the statistical index and receiver operating characteristic curve methods. The testing results of 4 cases using consecutive days of maximum rainfall data demonstrated excellent performance. Of these, the model with a 3-day maximum rainfall with ACC = 0.813, kappa = 0.625, SST = 0.872, SPF = 0.754, and AUC = 0.895 had the best performance. In addition, these results were compared to the previous approach that used average annual rainfall. The validation result indicates that the cases using a time series of maximum precipitation (with AUC of approximately 0.9) outperform the cases with average annual rainfall (AUC=0.838). Finally, the model using 3-day maximum rainfall is then used for landslide spatial prediction mapping. These maps provide spatial prediction and assess landslide susceptibility corresponding to rainfall frequencies.
Antiidiotypic antibodies to estradiol and gene polymorphisms of α and β estrogenic receptors in breast cancer patients
Authors: Glushkov A. N. , Polenok E. G. , Gordeeva L. A. , Mun S. A. , Antonov A. V. , Bayramov P. V. , Verzhbitskaya N. E. , Kolpinskiy G. I. , Vafin I. A.
Published: February 2024

Markers for identification of ER+/PR breast cancer (BC) risks and conversion of ER+/ER+ to ER-/PR- tumors are necessary for effective prevention and therapy of BC by the selective ER – modificators. Purpose – To reveal the proposed associations of gene polymorphisms of   ESR1 and ESR2 and antiidiotypic antibodies to estradiol (IgG2-E2) with ER+/PR+ BC risk and conversion of ER+/PR+ to ER-/PR- tumors and to study the interrelations between gene variants of ESR and IgG2-E2 in healthy women and BC patients. Polymorphic loci of ESR1 (rs2234693) and ESR2 (rs4986938) were studied by the real time PCR in 370 healthy women and 1169 BC patients. Tumor tissues ER and PR were detected by the standard immunohistochemical methods. Serum IgG2-E2 were studied using non-competitive enzyme immuno-assay. TT, TC and CC genotypes of ESR1 were revealed with the equal frequency in healthy women and BC patients I stage. Homozygotes GG of ESR2 were detected rarely, but AA frequently in BC patients with ER+/PR+ tumors at the I stage, than in healthy women женщин (44.0% and 14.2% vs 52.7 and 8.4%, respectively; p=0.005). The low levels of IgG2-ES were revealed more rarely but high levels more frequently in BC patients with ER+/PR+ tumors at the I stage, that in healthy donors (39.8% and 60.2% vs 58.0% and 42.0%, respectively; p=0.0002). Decreasing of ER+/PR+ tumors proportion and corresponding increasing of ER-/PR- tumors from I stage to II–IV stages (71.7% to 58.9% and 13.9% to 23.1%; p=0.006) were revealed in TC heterozygotes of ESR1 only. The same conversion of ER+/PR+ tumors to ER-/PR- were detected in GG homozygotes of   ESR2 (p=0.004). There have been the similar ER/PR transformation in BC patients with high IgG2-E2 levels (74.7% to 57.6% and 11.3%, to 25.0%, respectively, p<0.0001). High and low IgG2-E2 levels were detected with the same proportions at the any genotypes of ESR1 and ESR2 in healthy women or in BC patients. ESR1-2 gene polymorphisms and serum IgG2-E2 levels may be used as independent markers for prediction of ER+/PR+ and for ER+/PR+ to ER-/PR- tumors conversion during BC progression.
Znaczenie ciszy w muzykoterapii
Authors:   Akademia Muzyczna im. Karola Szymanowskiego w Katowicach, Konopacka Anna
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the author attempts to provide a comprehensive description of the complex phenomenon of silence and sheds light on its significance within the context of music therapy. By considering various definitions of silence, as well as ways of approaching the phenomenon of silence, in both the domain of interpersonal communication and the abundant realm of sound, the author aims to highlight the multifaceted nature of the matter. The author discusses the distinction between the silence and the muteness, draws attention to an interdisciplinary character of the field, enumerates diverse angles of considering the issue, and examines the role of silence within a larger perspective of fields of psychotherapy and music therapy. In the presented cases of music therapy work, silence is a kind of a therapist’s tool. Owing to an insufficient amount of research papers on silence in music therapy, it is impossible to produce pioneering findings in the very field. In this paper the author ventures to summarise latest data, points out the urgency of delving deeper into the issue, and discloses novel prospects for music therapy to be discovered in pursuit of investigation of the ambiguous notion of silence.
Provincial Cities’ Anniversaries and the Formation of Soviet “Peripheral Capitals”
Authors:   Perm State University, Perm, Yankovskaya Galina A.
Published: February 2024

This article analyses some aspects of the socioeconomic and political uses of anniversaries in the Soviet and contemporary Russian history to boost the development of the territory. Initially, the desire of the young Soviet state to sever all ties with the past made the “anniversary question” almost absurd. Soviet anniversary traditions formed in the late 1920s–1930s when the 3rd, 5th, 10th, 15th, and 20th anniversaries of organisations and enterprises were celebrated everywhere. The article also mentions personal anniversaries, which celebrated the time of work in a particular institution, or in a particular specialty and other reasons. Additionally, the author considers the political decisions of the Soviet / Russian authorities on the regulation of the “anniversary question”. Starting with the late 1940s, the anniversary of a city could be a political campaign, a way of symbolic mobilisation and accumulation of resources. On the other hand, cities’ anniversaries caused a surge in local historical and cultural activism, contributed to the formation of local lore communities, and stimulated the formation of local identity. Particular attention is paid to the resonant “dispute of historians” considering the date of foundation of the city of Perm at the turn of the 1970s, which is personified in the controversy between F. S. Gorovoy and B. N. Nazarovsky becoming a model for the establishment of anniversaries of local centres. A new interpretation of the above polemic is proposed in the context of the Soviet public history formation. The first full-scale anniversary of Perm (as well as a few other Soviet cities) demonstrated its potential as a socioeconomic technology and stimulated urban development and accumulation of the provincial / regional capital. The celebration of anniversaries forms a specific temporality of key dates and gives an impetus to the development of the symbolic component of metropolitan identity.
Diversified marriage system on the Tibetan plateau: decline, revival and variation in the perspective of legal anthropology
Authors: Wang Tianyu
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This article explores the social and cultural dynamics reflected by the decline, revival and variation of the diversified marriage system, considering the context of changes in the social legal environment and social structure of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, with polygamy as a typical example. The research focuses on the women’s role in it and anticipates the future development of polygamy on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The investigation and application of this paper are a re-interpretation of prior studies on gender power and women’s position. From a cross-cultural standpoint, the prevalence and persistence of polyandry refutes the mechanical interpretation of women’s universal subservient role. The emphasis on women’s roles and position in polyandry families seeks to confirm the complexities of gender power and women’s standing in society. Both theoretical concept invention and research path exploration are targeted at moving further into the investigation of similar challenges. The focus and exploration of the female group in polyandry in this article have supplemented prior studies on the women’s status and identified difficulties that need to be addressed.