bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling transthyretin (TTR) amyloid diseases, from monomer to amyloid fibrils
Authors: Criddle Richard S. , Hansen Lee D. , Woodfield Brian F. , Tolley H. Dennis
Published: June 2024

ATTR amyloidosis is caused by deposition of large, insoluble aggregates (amyloid fibrils) of cross-β-sheet TTR protein molecules on the intercellular surfaces of tissues. The process of amyloid formation from monomeric TTR protein molecules to amyloid deposits has not been fully characterized and is therefore modeled in this paper. Two models are considered: 1) TTR monomers in the blood spontaneously fold into a β-sheet conformation, aggregate into short proto-fibrils that then circulate in the blood until they find a complementary tissue where the proto-fibrils accumulate to form the large, insoluble amyloid fibrils found in affected tissues. 2) TTR monomers in the native or β-sheet conformation circulate in the blood until they find a tissue binding site and deposit in the tissue or tissues forming amyloid deposits in situ. These models only differ on where the selection for β-sheet complementarity occurs, in the blood where wt-wt, wt-v, and v-v interactions determine selectivity, or on the tissue surface where tissue-wt and tissure-v interactions also determine selectivity. Statistical modeling in both cases thus involves selectivity in fibril aggregation and tissue binding. Because binding of protein molecules into fibrils and binding of fibrils to tissues occurs through multiple weak non-covalent bonds, strong complementarity between β-sheet molecules and between fibrils and tissues is required to explain the insolubility and tissue selectivity of ATTR amyloidosis. Observation of differing tissue selectivity and thence disease phenotypes from either pure wildtype TTR protein or a mix of wildtype and variant molecules in amyloid fibrils evidences the requirement for fibril-tissue complementarity. Understanding the process that forms fibrils and binds fibrils to tissues may lead to new possibilities for interrupting the process and preventing or curing ATTR amyloidosis.
Harvesting and amplifying gene cassettes confers cross-resistance to critically important antibiotics
Authors: Dulyayangkul Punyawee , Beavis Thomas , Lee Winnie W. Y. , Ardagh Robbie , Edwards Frances , Hamilton Fergus , Head Ian , Heesom Kate J. , Mounsey Oliver , Murarik Marek , Pinweha Peechanika , Reding Carlos , Satapoomin Naphat , Shaw John M. , Takebayashi Yuiko , Tooke Catherine L. , Spencer James , Williams Philip B. , Avison Matthew B.
Published: June 2024

Amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam are frequent antibiotic choices to treat bloodstream infection, which is commonly fatal and most often caused by bacteria from the family Enterobacterales. Here we show that two gene cassettes located side-by-side in and ancestral integron similar to In37 have been “harvested” by insertion sequence IS26 as a transposon that is widely disseminated among the Enterobacterales. This transposon encodes the enzymes AAC(6’)-Ib-cr and OXA-1, reported, respectively, as amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam resistance mechanisms. However, by studying bloodstream infection isolates from 769 patients from three hospitals serving a population of 1.2 million people in South West England, we show that increased enzyme production due to mutation in an IS26/In37-derived hybrid promoter or, more commonly, increased transposon copy number is required to simultaneously remove these two key therapeutic options; in many cases leaving only the last-resort antibiotic, meropenem. These findings may help improve the accuracy of predicting piperacillin/tazobactam treatment failure, allowing stratification of patients to receive meropenem or piperacillin/tazobactam, which may improve outcome and slow the emergence of meropenem resistance.
Deficiency in non-classical major histocompatibility class II-like molecule, H2-O confers protection against Staphylococcus aureus in mice
Authors: Cullum Emily , Perez-Betancourt Yunys , Shi Miaomiao , Gkika Eirinaios , Schneewind Olaf , Missiakas Dominique , Golovkina Tatyana
Published: June 2024

Staphylococcus aureus is a human-adapted pathogen that replicates by asymptomatically colonizing its host. S. aureus is also the causative agent of purulent skin and soft tissue infections as well as bloodstream infections that result in the metastatic seeding of abscess lesions in all organ tissues. Prolonged colonization, infection, disease relapse, and recurrence point to the versatile capacity of S. aureus to bypass innate and adaptive immune defenses as well as the notion that some hosts fail to generate protective immune responses. Here, we find a genetic trait that provides protection against this pathogen. Mice lacking functional H2-O, the equivalent of human HLA-DO, inoculated with a mouse-adapted strain of S. aureus, efficiently decolonize the pathogen. Further, these decolonized animals resist subsequent bloodstream challenge with methicillin-resistant S. aureus. A genetic approach demonstrates that T-cell dependent B cell responses are required to control S. aureus colonization and infection in H2-O-deficient mice. Reduced bacterial burdens in these animals correlate with increased titers and enhanced phagocytic activity of S. aureus-specific antibodies. H2-O negatively regulates the loading of high affinity peptides on major histocompatibility class II (MHC-II) molecules. Thus, we hypothesize that immune responses against S. aureus are derepressed in mice lacking H2-O because more high affinity peptides are presented by MHC-II. We speculate that loss-of-function HLA-DO alleles may similarly control S. aureus replication in humans.
Cosmopolitanism and Women’s Fashion in Ghana: History, Artistry and Nationalist Inspiration, Christopher L. Richards (2021)
Authors: Appiah-Nimo Kenneth
Published: June 2024

Review of: Cosmopolitanism and Women’s Fashion in Ghana: History, Artistry and Nationalist Inspiration, Christopher L. Richards (2021)

Abingdon: Routledge, 266 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-36770-880-1, p/bk, £38.99

ISBN 978-0-36769-420-3, h/bk, £130
Fandom and the Law: A Guide to Fan Fiction, Art, Film & Cosplay, Marc H. Greenberg (2021)
Authors: Koulikov Mikhail
Published: June 2024

Review of: Fandom and the Law: A Guide to Fan Fiction, Art, Film & Cosplay, Marc H. Greenberg (2021)

Chicago, IL: ABA Book Publishing, 263 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-64105-885-8, p/bk, $59.95
Facing, mirroring and echoing in human–avatar symbiosis
Authors: Ryu Semi
Published: June 2024

Since 2016, my embodied avatar performance (EAP) has explored healing rituals and life review at the intersection of arts, health and virtual reality (VR) for a variety of individuals, including older adults and cancer patients. EAP established a format in which the avatar mirrors the participant’s behaviours and speech, facing them during the life review process. The aspect of mirroring and facing is crucial in EAP for facilitating engagement, embodiment and empathy and a symbiotic relationship between avatar and human. This article outlines the symbiosis between humans and avatars within the EAP process, focusing on the interactions where participants face and mirror their avatars. The avatars are presented as if participants are looking into a mirror. As the avatars face the participants and mimic their movements, they create an illusion similar to seeing one’s reflection in a virtual setting. The article discusses a range of mirroring aspects, including virtual mirrors in VR, echoing techniques in drama and movement therapy, and broader concepts like empathy, embodiment, we-ness and the Korean emotional concept of Cheong. Early EAP avatars, especially in the case of technical failures, will be discussed as examples.
Egyetemi hallgatók tanulástámogatási igényeinek kérdőíves vizsgálata
Authors: Fekete Imre , Keszei Barbara , Takács Edit
Published: June 2024

Jelen tanulmány magyar egyetemi hallgatók tanulás-támogatási igényeit és a tanulás-módszertani kurzusok lehetőségeit vizsgálta a 21. századi tanulás és tanítás dinamikus világában. A korábbi tanulmányi sikerek ellenére az elsőéves hallgatók gyakran találkoznak az egyetem sajátos tanulási környezetéből fakadó kihívásokkal. A kutatás a hallgatók tanulási hátterére, a tanulási stílusok ismeretére és az egyetemi Tanulásmódszertan kurzussal szembeni elvárásokra vonatkozó kérdésekre kereste a választ. Kérdőíves vizsgálatunkban 179 egyetemi hallgató vett részt több szemináriumi csoportból. Átfogó demográfiai információkat gyűjtöttünk, beleértve a nemet, az életkort, a szakot, a munkahelyi elkötelezettségeket, a lakóhely adatait, az ingázási időt és a tanulási nehézségek jelenlétét. Az eredmények arra mutattak rá, hogy a különböző években érettségizett hallgatók különböző tanulási preferenciákkal rendelkeznek, hangsúlyozva a különböző készségfejlesztési igényeket. A hallgatók kifejezték, hogy a kritikai olvasás, a prezentációs készségek, az információkeresés, az együttműködés és a kreativitás terén különböző mértékben van szükségük fejlesztésre. A tanulmány rámutatott a diákok önértékelése és tényleges domináns tanulási stílusa közötti statisztikailag szignifikáns különbségre, ami az önismeret lehetséges korlátaira utal. A hallgatók továbbá megfogalmazták a Tanulásmódszertan kurzussal szembeni elvárásaikat, kiemelve olyan célokat, mint a 21. századi tanulásra való reflektálás és a kurzus célkitűzéseinek transzparens kommunikációja. Az eredmények betekintést engednek a tanítási módszerek és tanulástervezés lépéseinek megfontolásaiba, hogy azok megfeleljenek a hallgatók 21. századi igényeinek egy dinamikusan fejlődő egyetemi környezetben.
Variasi Spasial Karakteristik Pasang Surut di Laut Jawa Berbasiskan Model Pasut Global TPXO9v5
Authors: Windupranata Wiwin , Nusantara Candida Aulia De Silva , Nuraghnia Alqinthara
Published: June 2024

Pasang surut (pasut) merupakan fenomena periodik naik turunnya air laut yang berpengaruh besar terhadap seluruh aktifitas manusia di wilayah pesisir dan laut. Tulisan ini menganalisis variasi spasial dari karakteristik pasut yang terjadi di Laut Jawa. Karakteristik pasut tersebut dipetakan dari empat komponen pasut utama (K1, O1, M2 dan S2) dari model pasut global TPXO9v5 dan diverifikasi menggunakan 14 stasiun pasut dari Badan Informasi Geospasial. Hasil verifikasi menunjukkan kesesuaian yang baik antara data model dengan data pengukuran dengan rata-rata nilai RMS 0,8 – 2,2 cm untuk komponen pasut dan 7,6 cm untuk tunggang pasut, sementara tingkat kesesuaian untuk tipe pasut adalah 93%. Nilai amplitudo komponen pasut pada kelompok harian (K1 dan O1) memiliki nilai lebih besar sekitar dua kali lipat dibandingkan dengan kelompok harian ganda (S2 dan M2). Sementara untuk nilai fase, hanya gelombang O1 yang penjalarannya ke arah timur, sementara gelombang lainnya menjalar ke arah barat. Secara spasial, tunggang pasut di Laut Jawa bervariasi dari 0,3 m di bagian tengah pada bujur 108-110° BT dan bertambah tinggi ke arah barat dan timur sampai 1 m. Pengetahuan mengenai variasi spasial karakteristik pasut ini penting dalam mempelajari pola pasut, bidang referensi ketinggian atau kedalaman, atau untuk kerekayasaan seperti manajemen pelabuhan dan instalasi infrastruktur lepas pantai.  Tides are a periodic rising and falling sea level phenomenon that significantly impact all human activities in coastal and maritime regions. This paper discusses the spatial variations of tidal characteristics tides in the Java Sea. The characteristics are mapped from four main tidal components (K1, O1, M2, and S2) extracted from the TPXO9v5 tide model and verified by 14 tidal stations. The verifications show a good agreement between the model data and measurements, with an average root mean square (RMS) of 0.8 - 2.2 cm for tidal components and 7.6 cm for tidal range, and the conformity level for tidal types is 93%. The amplitude of the diurnal tidal components (K1 and O1) is approximately twice that of the semi-diurnal tidal components (S2 and M2). Regarding the phase, only the O1 wave propagates eastward, while the other waves propagate westward. Spatially, the tidal range in the Java Sea varies from 0.3 m in the central part at longitudes 108-110° E, increasing in height as it moves westward and eastward to reach 1 m. Information on the spatial variations in tide characteristics is crucial for studying tidal patterns, tidal datum, and engineering purposes like port management and offshore infrastructure.
An annotated checklist of the liverworts and hornworts of Nagaland, India
Authors: Ali Sk Nasim , Paul Meghna , Singh Devendra
Published: June 2024

The present checklist comprises 168 species, including three infraspecific taxa, of liverworts and hornworts belonging to 54 genera and 32 families. It is based on literature reviews and specimen studies from the CAL herbarium. Six taxa are reported for the first time from the State of Nagaland.
Long-term sequelae of coronavirus disease: long COVID-19 and cardiovascular outcomes (a literature review)
Authors: Hovornyan A. V. , Ilashchuk T. O.
Published: June 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has serious global implications for the healthcare system and economy. Although the recovery rate has increased significantly and the morbidity rate has decreased, long-term consequences, particularly cardiovascular, have come to the fore and become a global problem. As a result, in 2021, at the WHO level, the concept of “long-term COVID” was introduced, including more than 100 already described symptoms in patients for at least 3 months after initial recovery. At the same time, the clinical symptoms are not specific, strategies for the treatment of such disorders have not been worked out, and measures to detect and/or prevent the development of these complications have not been organized.
The aim: to summarize the available data and modern views on the long-term cardiovascular effects of COVID-19, to reveal probable causes and risk factors for their development, as well as to analyze the presented information on the pathogenetic mechanisms of cardiovascular consequences after coronavirus disease.
The literature data analysis has shown that SARS-CoV-2 viral persistence in the human body, reactivation of other viral agents, immune system dysregulation, autoimmunization development as well as the occurrence of microvascular thrombosis and endothelial dysfunction are among the pathogenetic mechanisms of long COVID. Although all these findings represent theoretical concepts regarding the pathogenesis of the long-term consequences of coronavirus disease, complementing and interacting with each other, at the moment, there is no formulated uniform explanation for the development of long-term effects of COVID-19. Also, large-scale studies point to the need for special attention to cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19. Among those already described in the literature are myocarditis, pericarditis, heart failure, arterial hypertension, arrhythmias, pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular disorders, and cardiomyopathy. Given the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their impact on mortality, such processes have become a serious threat to the global healthcare system in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusions. The available information on the causes and mechanisms of the long-term COVID development has been analyzed, and COVID-related cardiovascular disorders described in patients after recovery from acute coronavirus disease have been examined in detail. The study on this issue is extremely important since only by understanding the association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases, studying pathogenetic mechanisms and identifying risk factors, it is possible to improve the prevention and treatment as well as to take control over cardiovascular consequences of COVID-19 at the global level.
Diagnostic value of lung ultrasonographic parameters in predicting outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in oxygen-dependent patients requiring intensive care unit treatment
Authors: Kalashnyk K. V. , Kolesnyk M. Yu. , Riabokon O. V. , Cherkaskiy V. V.
Published: June 2024

The aim – to determine the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound parameters in predicting outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in oxygen-dependent patients requiring intensive care unit treatment.
Materials and methods. We examined 105 patients with COVID-19 who needed supplemental oxygen and were treated in the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. The age of patients ranged between 39 and 80 years, 63 participants were male and 42 – female. To determine the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound parameters in predicting the severe course of COVID-19 in oxygen-dependent patients, they were divided into groups: Group I – recovered patients (n = 39); Group II – patients with a fatal outcome (n = 66). In all the patients, the diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by RNA-SARS-CoV-2 detection in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. The patients were examined and treated according to the Protocol of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. The lung ultrasound protocol used in the study included 14 lung examination zones and a score of lung tissue infiltration degree from 0 to 3 points. Statistical processing of the data was performed with Statistica for Windows 13 (StatSoft Inc., No. JPZ804I382130ARCN10-J).
Results. In oxygen-dependent patients with severe COVID-19 and a fatal outcome, infiltrative changes in the lung parenchyma were more severe based on the lung ultrasound total score both at the time of admission (p < 0.01) and after 5 days of treatment (p < 0.01). The cutoff score of ≥19 at the time of hospitalization (AUC = 0.753, p < 0.01; sensitivity – 76.9 %, specificity – 68.2 %) and ≥17 after 5 days of treatment (AUC = 0.799, p < 0.01; sensitivity – 71.4 %, specificity – 92.1 %) had a prognostic value for assessing the risk of death in oxygen-dependent patients with severe COVID-19. A lung ultrasound score >19 at the time of admission increased the risk of death by 2.96 times (RR = 2.96, 95 % CI 1.43–2.87, p < 0.001). Lung ultrasound found pleural effusion only in oxygen-dependent COVID-19 patients who died. In the treatment dynamics after 5 days, the rate of pleural effusion detection in this group of patients was three times increased (from 9.1 % to 27.3 %, p < 0.01).
Conclusions. The study has revealed the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound parameters in predicting outcomes of COVID-19 in oxygen-dependent patients requiring intensive care unit treatment. Cutoffs of the total score characterizing the degree of lung tissue infiltration have been determined, that allowing to assert a high probability for a lethal outcome of the disease.
Physiological characteristics of reproductive-age patients with female sexual dysfunction and endometriosis (a comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters in different study groups)
Authors: Kryzhanovska O. I. , Semeniuk L. M.
Published: June 2024

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease that affects 5–10 % of reproductive-age women. About two-thirds of women with endometriosis have sexual dysfunction caused by dyspareunia, which negatively affects the quality of life and mental health of a woman.
The aim of the study is to identify differences in clinical and laboratory parameters in study groups of reproductive-age female patients with the aim of obtaining information about specifics of the female sexual dysfunction (FSD) development in women with endometriosis.
Materials and methods. The examination results of the hormonal profile, sexual functional index and other laboratory markers were analyzed in 130 women of active reproductive age: Group I (n = 100) – the main group – women with manifestations of FSD including subgroup IA (n = 70) – women with FSD and external genital endometriosis and IB subgroup (n = 30) – women with FSD alone; Group II (n = 30) – healthy women.
Results. Women with endometriosis combined with FSD (IA) exhibited a reproductive hormonal profile different from that in women with FSD (IB), which was seen by a significant difference in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, free testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate values (p = 0.001, p = 0.039, p = 0.035 and p = 0.035, respectively). Vitamin D deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia, the presence of antibodies to thyroperoxidase and functional hyperprolactinemia have been detected in all the women with FSD signs, regardless of the concomitant endometriosis presence. Post-hoc analysis (Mann–Whitney test) has shown that the mean scores for all categories of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire were statistically significantly higher in Group IA patients compared to those in Group II patients (p < 0.001).
Conclusions. The hormonal profile of women with endometriosis is characterized by increased levels of FSH, estradiol, free testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate as compared to that in women with FSD alone, however it does not prevent the development of FSD signs in them and is accompanied by different indicators of the FSFI domains.
Zmiany rozkładu przestrzennego i udziału dużych wsi w strukturze sieci osadniczej Polski w XIX–XXI w.
Authors: Perdał Robert
Published: June 2024

W pracy podjęto rozważania dotyczące zmian w rozmieszczeniu przestrzennym i udziału dużych wsi w sieci osadniczej Polski od końca XIX w. do lat 20. XXI w. W analizie uwzględniono siedem momentów czasowych, w których odbywały się spisy ludności i dla których dostępne są dane na poziomie miejscowości, tj. lata około 1900, 1921/1925, 1970, 1988, 2002, 2011, 2021. Przedmiotem pracy są duże wsie, które w roku spisowym charakteryzowały się liczbą ludności równą lub wyższą 2000 osób. Procedura badawcza obejmuje analizę zmian rozkładu przestrzennego dużych wsi w układzie obecnych województw oraz analizę zmiany liczby i udziału liczby ludności mieszkającej w dużych wsiach względem ludności miejskiej i ludności ogółem. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na przyrost liczby dużych wsi od końca XIX w. do początku XXI w. z około 420 do nieco ponad 900 oraz liczby ludności w nich mieszkających z nieco ponad 1,5 mln do blisko 3 mln osób. W rozkładzie przestrzennym wyraźna koncentracja tego typu jednostek osadniczych występowała i występuje w południowej Polsce (województwa śląskie, małopolskie, podkarpackie), a największy przyrost liczby dużych wsi i ich mieszkańców zaobserwowano w regionach z największymi aglomeracjami miejskimi (mazowieckie, wielkopolskie, pomorskie).
Ochrona i promocja krajobrazu kulturowego poprzez usieciowienie założeń rezydencjonalnych
Authors: Szczepańska Magdalena , Piechel Aneta
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja i waloryzacja założeń rezydencjonalnych województwa wielkopolskiego pod kątem usieciowienia tych obiektów, co miałoby przyczynić się do wzmocnienia ich obecności i ochrony w krajobrazie kulturowym regionu. W ramach realizacji przyjętego celu podjęto badania skoncentrowane na określeniu stanu tego zasobu, rozumianego jako dziedzictwo kulturowe, oraz na rozpoznaniu opinii publicznej co do dalszego jego losu. W oparciu o wyniki analiz tych badań sformułowano rekomendacje dotyczące usieciowienia, zakładając dobrowolne zrzeszanie się założeń rezydencjonalnych w postaci Klastra Założeń Rezydencjonalnych Wielkopolski. Praca zawiera wytyczne do kształtowania współpracy między tymi podmiotami. Podjęcie działań na rzecz ochrony i promocji wielkopolskich założeń rezydencjonalnych może przyczynić się także do rozwoju lokalnego.
Wewnętrzne peryferie w świetle wybranych typologii obszarów wiejskich
Authors: Churski Paweł , Dubownik Anna , Szyda Barbara , Adamiak Czesław , Pietrzykowski Maciej
Published: June 2024

Celem opracowania jest określenie możliwości wykorzystania zróżnicowanych typologii obszarów wiejskich do wyjaśnienia procesów rozwojowych, a w dalszej kolejności do kształtowania polityki rozwojowej na obszarach wewnętrznych peryferii. W artykule zaprezentowano rozmieszczenie przestrzenne wewnętrznych peryferii w Polsce oraz przeprowadzono analizę porównawczą uzyskanego rozkładu z wynikami wybranych podziałów obszarów wiejskich. Interpretacja otrzymanych wyników pozwala wnioskować, że zasadne jest odejście od kategoryzowania tych obszarów według ich poziomu wiejskości lub miejskości na rzecz pomiaru lokalnego kapitału terytorialnego w myśl koncepcji rozwoju wielofunkcyjnego. Koncepcja wielofunkcyjnego rozwoju obszarów wiejskich ma natomiast duże znaczenie w wyjaśnianiu procesów rozwojowych i programowaniu interwencji rozwojowej na obszarze wewnętrznych peryferii.
Geneza i przesłanki członkostwa małych miast w sieci Cittàslow. Przykłady z Niemiec, Włoch i Polski
Authors: Kaczmarek Urszula , Kaczmarek Tomasz
Published: June 2024

Artykuł odnosi się do kwestii przesłanek i genezy przyjęcia przez wybrane miasta europejskie ścieżki rozwoju w oparciu o założenia koncepcji slow city, a także zbadania, na ile członkostwo w sieci Cittàslow jest znane i akceptowane społecznie. Badania przeprowadzono w dwunastu miejscowościach w północnych Niemczech, w środkowych i południowych Włoszech i w kilku regionach Polski. Głównymi metodami były standaryzowane wywiady pogłębione z burmistrzami miast oraz ankiety wśród ich mieszkańców. Kulturowo-narodowy ogląd koncepcji Cittàslow ma szeroki zakres i może być pomocny dla oceny uniwersalności samej koncepcji i jej wdrażania. Przedstawiona w niniejszym artykule implementacja idei slow city w małych miastach opiera się na koncepcji nowego lokalizmu, w której ważnym elementem rozwoju jest podatność małych miast na innowacje, w tym innowacje społeczne pochodzące ze źródeł zewnętrznych (tu międzynarodowe stowarzyszenie – sieć małych miast).
Wymiar prawny w dyscyplinie geografia społeczno-ekonomiczna i gospodarka przestrzenna. Podstawy teoretyczne i zagadnienia badawcze
Authors: Czasopisma Redakcja
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest określenie płaszczyzn problemowo-przedmiotowych dotyczących ujmowania perspektywy prawnej w dyscyplinie     geografia     społeczno-ekonomiczna i gospodarka przestrzenna. Dla potrzeb realizacji tego celu najpierw wskazano ogólne relacje występujące między naukami geograficznymi i prawnymi. Następnie wyodrębniono i przedstawiono kluczowe nurty teoretyczne, które ułatwiają doprecyzowanie roli wymiaru prawnego w geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej i gospodarce przestrzennej, akcentując i charakteryzując przede wszystkim podejście instytucjonalne i geografię prawną. Następnie wyodrębniono   najbardziej    istotne    tematy, w których występuje związek między wymiarem prawnym a geografią społeczno-ekonomiczną i gospodarką przestrzenną.
Die Entstehung des deutschen

werden+Infinitiv-Futurs – ein alternatives Szenario
Authors: Jäger Agnes
Published: June 2024

In this paper, an alternative scenario of the development of German werden future is suggested based on a reanalysis of originally predicative past participles in werden-copula constructions as infinitives. The morpho-phonological and argument-structural preconditions for this reanalysis restrict the types of verbs expected in the relevant bridging contexts to certain strong and unaccusative verbs, which is supported by the results of a comprehensive corpus analysis of werden constructions in Old High German and Old Low German. At the same time, this scenario may explain the diachronic and areal distribution of werden future by virtue of the crucial role it assigns to the ge- prefix.
An Empirical Examination of Aging’s Ramifications on Large-scale Agriculture: China’s Perspective
Authors: Ji Mingbo , Ying Jiang , Shao Xuyang , Tian Yihao
Published: June 2024

Population aging has become a significant issue faced by major global economies. The rapid urbanisation process in China has led to a higher rate of aging in rural areas compared to urban areas. Existing studies have predominantly focused on the impact of aging on agricultural economics and production, with limited exploration into its effects on large-scale agriculture. Given the importance of large-scale agriculture as a crucial initiative for expanding agricultural investment and increasing land capital accumulation, it is pertinent to further investigate the implications of aging in this sector. The empirical examination of the impact of population aging on large-scale agriculture holds significant relevance for developing countries globally. These nations face dual challenges: an aging population and the need for agricultural modernisation. Research can aid in formulating targeted policies to address labour shortages, agricultural technological innovation, and market dynamics, thereby promoting sustainable development and food security. This study utilises data from China’s Third National Agricultural Census and employs measurements of aging at both the rural household and county-city dimensions. The analysis includes an examination of the moderating effects of per capita arable land area and the level of mechanisation on the impact of aging on large-scale agriculture. The findings of the study are as follows: (1) From the perspective of rural households, aging leads to an increase in the age of the rural labour force, resulting in a significant decrease in the probability of rural households participating in large-scale agriculture. (2) At the county-city level, aging contributes to a decline in the proportion of the population participating in large-scale agriculture, which is detrimental to the development of this sector. (3) In certain circumstances, the negative impact of aging on large-scale agriculture is exacerbated in areas with higher levels of agricultural mechanisation.
„Goethe und Einer seiner Bewunderer“: Arno Schmidt und die Probleme literarischer Öffentlichkeit nach 1945
Authors: Schauer Hendrikje J.
Published: June 2024

The article takes a starting point from two contrasting views in literary research on Arno Schmidt’s relation to the public sphere: Schmidt is, on the one hand, depicted as a solitary writer withdrawn from the public; he is, on the other hand, portrayed as a public provocateur and literary strategist. The article turns to his prose and examines how the problems of the public sphere are reflected in one of Arno Schmidt’s narratives: In 'Goethe und Einer seiner Bewunderer', the article argues, the limits and possibilities of writing after 1945 are tested.
Swer meret die gewizen min: höfische Frauenbildung im Wechsel MF 35,16
Authors: Sager Alexander
Published: June 2024

This essay explores courtly education for women as the context for early Minnesang and considers evidence from German courtly romance as well as from the Latin tradition. In this light it proposes a new reading of the female stanzas in the Wechsel MF 35,16, ascribed to Dietmar von Aist.
Scherzrede und Kampf: Vollzugsformen von hövescheit und mann-männlichen Bindungsformen in Partonopier und Meliûr
Authors: Egidi Margeth
Published: June 2024

The article examines male-coded jest and mockery speeches as well as stagings of chivalric combat in Konrad von Würzburg’s Partonopier und Meliûr as complementary performances of hövescheit, dealing with the ambivalence and dynamics of male-to-male bonding between equality, agonality and hierarchy, rivalry and friendship. In this context, the functionally subordinate difference of faith becomes a test case for the validity of hövescheit.
Signed, sealed, delivered – digital approaches to Byzantine sigillography
Authors: Neuefeind Claes , Bigalke Jan , Catalano Maria Teresa , Drach Sviatoslav , Efthymoglou Sofia , Evening Pia , Filosa Martina , Malatras Christos , Schaeben Marcel , Sode Claudia
Published: June 2024

In this paper we present a number of digital approaches in the field of Byzantine sigillography conducted in two projects currently running at the University of Cologne. We describe how technologies and methodologies from the Digital Humanities can help overcome some of the limitations in Byzantine sigillography that result from and contribute to its status as a ‘rare subject’. Building on a long tradition and leveraging methods and techniques from the Digital Humanities, this paper describes some important steps already taken towards a digital renewal of the discipline. We are well aware that it takes much more than a locally organised group of scholars to establish any discipline anew, and so this paper aims to be a stimulus to future work.
Digital Divide and University Students’ Online Learning amidst Covid-19 Pandemic in Malaysia
Authors: Subramaniam Latha , Yap Ching Seng , Jalaludin Farah Waheeda , Hen Kai Wah
Published: June 2024

The advent of digitalization has been hailed as a remedy to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. However, it has also brought to light the existence of a digital divide, exacerbating the hardships faced by those who are digitally excluded. Amidst the turmoil of the crisis, there has been limited attention given to addressing the digital divide in developing countries including Malaysia. In response, Malaysian universities swiftly transitioned to online learning to curb the spread of the contagion. Nonetheless, this rapid shift has inadvertently marginalized underprivileged students, hindering their access to the benefits of online education. Employing the three-level digital divide framework, this study aims to probe into the extent of the digital divide among Malaysian university students and evaluate its progression. Through mean score and frequency analyses, we assessed the magnitude of the digital divide among these students. Furthermore, we employed partial least squares structural equation modeling to gauge the flow of the digital divide from the initial level to the third level. Subsequently, we examined the mediating roles of material access, digital skills, and digital usage. The findings revealed that the digital divide persists across all three levels among university students in Malaysia. The path analysis lends support to all proposed hypotheses, with the exception of digital usage as a predictor of student satisfaction and as a mediator.
The role of epigenetics in rare diseases
Authors: Horsthemke Bernhard
Published: June 2024

Epigenetic control systems are based on chromatin modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications and nucleosome positioning), which affect the local kinetics of gene expression. They play an important role in maintaining cell fate decisions, X inactivation and genomic imprinting. Aberrant chromatin states that are associated with a deleterious change in gene expression are called epimutations. An epimutation can be a primary epimutation that has occurred in the absence of any genetic change or a secondary epimutation that results from a mutation of a cis-acting regulatory element or trans-acting factor. Epimutations may play a causative role in disease, for example in imprinting disorders, or may be part of the pathogenetic mechanism as in the fragile X syndrome and in syndromes caused by a mutation affecting a chromatin modifier. For several diseases, DNA methylation testing is an important tool in the diagnostic work-up of patients.
A corpus-based study of epicene pronouns used by Macedonian learners of English
Authors: Stojanovska-Ilievska Natasha
Published: June 2024

This article presents the findings of a study of the epicene pronouns used by Macedonian learners of English to refer anaphorically to compound indefinite pronouns and common-gender nouns as antecedents in their essays written in English. This study is based on the Macedonian component of the International Corpus of Learner English and aims to discover the distribution of epicene pronouns (he, he or she, and singular they), and the relationship between the choice of an epicene pronoun and particular antecedent (sub)types. The association between the use of specific epicene pronouns and the students’ gender, as well as their year of study at the university, was also investigated. The results point to a more widespread application of singular they compared to he or she and he. The findings also reveal an association between specific epicene pronouns and the degree of individuation of the antecedent. There was virtually no statistically significant difference in the students’ use of each pronoun across the academic years. It also appeared that there was no statistically significant difference between male and female participants regarding their use of epicene pronouns. Finally, the limitations of this study are discussed and directions are offered for future research.
On transfer factors of natural radionuclides and radiological health risks assessment of some fruit samples
Authors: Salh Hemn , Sedeeq Shalaw Zrar , Aközcan Pehlivanoğlu Serpil , Albarzinji Ikbal M. , Külahcı Fatih
Published: June 2024

In this study, the activity concentration of artificial and natural radionuclides such as 137Cs, 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th was measured in the soil under the roots; leaves; and fruits of six different fruit trees namely mulberry, fig, apricot, olive, black and white grapes in Koya district, Erbil province, Iraq. For this purpose, a high-resolution gamma spectroscopy consisting of a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector was used. In addition, the associated radiological risks from soil and fruits were assessed by calculating several radiological indices such as radium equivalent (Raeq.s), absorbed dose (Ds), indoor (AEDEs

indoor
) and outdoor annual effective doses (AEDEs

outdoor
), internal and external hazard indices, gamma index and the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELRCs). The results show that consuming these fruits is radiologically safe because they can cause an annual effective dose of about 61.72 μSv y−1 and excess lifetime cancer risk of 0.06 × 10−3 Sv y−1. On the other hand, transfer factors of radionuclides from soil to leaves; and from soil to fruits were studied. The transfer factor analysis revealed that among the studied fruits and radionuclides, apricot and mulberry exhibited the highest transfer factors for 40K, with values of 1.85 and 1.87, respectively.
The Lost Months of Ur: New Early Dynastic and Sargonic Tablets from the British Museum
Authors: Saadoon Abather , Kraus Nicholas
Published: June 2024

This article presents new tablets and fragments from the British Museum that belong to the collection of Early Dynastic and Sargonic tablets discovered at Ur. Having been overlooked for almost a century, the tablets offer new insights into Early Dynastic and Sargonic archives from Ur. Most significant among the contributions are the names of several months demonstrating that the Early Semitic calendar was in use in Ur during the Early Dynastic IIIa period. Second, the tablets contribute a new month name to the calendar of pre-Sargonic Ur and permit a possible reconstruction of the order of the months of the calendar.
The Late Babylonian Series of ‘Ancient Sumerian’: Structure, Contents, and the Agency of Ritual Texts
Authors: Debourse Céline , Gabbay Uri
Published: June 2024

In this article, we shed new light on the series with the emic title ‘Ancient Sumerian’, previously known from the Late Babylonian ritual texts for the New Year Festival. We first establish a new reading of the title, the key to which lies in a Late Babylonian pseudepigraphic letter. Following that, we present the contents of the series, including the edition of the hitherto unpublished tablet BM 32544+ that according to its colophon belongs to the series. Finally, we discuss the possible purposes of the series in its Late Babylonian context, where ritual in its written form took on an unprecedented role in the temple cult.
NFT’LEŞTİRİLMİŞ ESERLERDEN KAYNAKLANAN MALİ HAK İHLALLERİNE İLİŞKİN UYUŞMAZLIKLARDA FİKRİ VE SINAİ HAKLAR HUKUK MAHKEMESİ Mİ GÖREVLİDİR?
Authors: Selçuk Seyhan
Published: June 2024

Dijitalleştirilebilen her şey NFT’ye dönüştürülebilmekteyse de söz konusu teknoloji özellikle “NFT Eseri”, “NFT Sanatı”, “NFT Sanatçısı” gibi kavramlarla daha çok anılmaktadır. Bunun bir sonucu olarak NFT haline getirilen ürünün Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu’ndan (FSEK) kaynaklanan uyuşmazlıklara sebebiyet verip vermeyeceği ve verebilecekse NFT eserlerinden kaynaklanan mali hak ihlallerinde görevli mahkemenin fikri ve sınai haklar hukuk mahkemesi mi olacağı sorusuna, medeni usul hukuku açısından cevap verilmelidir. Bu çalışmanın yapıldığı esnada NFT’lere ilişkin açık kanuni bir düzenlemenin yapılmamış olması ve teknolojik gelişmelerin hızlı bir şekilde ilerlemesinin bir sonucu olarak (gelecekte NFT oluşturma işleminde yaşanabilecek değişikliklerin mümkün olması sebebiyle), bu çalışmada NFT’leştirilmiş eserlerden kaynaklanan uyuşmazlıklarda fikri ve sınai haklar hukuk mahkemesinin göreviyle alakalı kesin bir yargıya varılmadan uygulamada benimsenebilecek çeşitli görüşler (olasılıklar) çerçevesinde bir değerlendirme yapılmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Youth-Driven, Community-Engaged Waste Management
Authors: Ahmed Nova , Khuda Ashiq , Chowdhury Sumaiya Jerin , Rezwana Tahira , Islam Md. Sharif- Ul , Sajjad Sumiya
Published: June 2024

The waste management process is important in Bangladesh where infectious and non-infectious diseases are common.  In a resource constrained region, community engagement for waste management can add great value. A youth-initiated and engaged approach to collaboration among local communities is presented in this research. This research took place over a one and half year time frame in fifteen urban, suburban, and rural regions, consisting of 55 families and 15 individuals engaged in waste management activity. The youth leaders were eager to make changes, being frustrated at the authority’s inability to solve local pollution. The collaborative teams were able to continue the work through the time period using various technology platforms. The technology leadership of youth enabled a trusted connection among youth and community members. The research work shows promise to increase communication, collaboration, and collective engagement in local problem solving. However, engagement is not gender neutral, and the work presented reflects societal gender-based challenges which requires attention. This work is expected to provide opportunities for low-resource communities towards problem solving using existing technology platforms.
Mathematical Modeling and Threshold Analysis of Acceptable Failure Rate and Academic Standard
Authors: Ayoade Abayomi Ayotunde , Manuel Mojisola , Ajoke Adeosun Motunrayo
Published: June 2024

A certificate is evidence of participating in a process, and anyone who holds a certificate is believed to have the prerequisites necessary to handle what the certificate qualifies them for. However, this perception might be incorrect if the certificate has been obtained by taking shortcuts. [Objective] In this paper, a compartmental model was developed to quantify factors that could put the authenticity of a certificate in doubt by examining the trade-off between academic standards and failure rates in the context of tertiary education institutions in Nigeria. [Methodology] The model was validated using several mathematical theorems. Equilibria for the model and the threshold for acceptable academic performance were derived. Stability analysis was carried out by using the stability theory of differential equations based on the derived acceptable academic performance threshold. [Results] The theoretical results for the model were validated through numerical simulations, and the results from the simulations linked acceptable failure rates to academic performance falling below the threshold of the institutions’ standards. [Conclusions] The policy implication of the result is that an increase in the supply of qualified graduates into Nigeria’s labor markets, as well as a reduction in the rate of unemployment, is a function of maintaining academic standards.
Obowiązek informacyjny oraz odpowiedzialność chirurga za jego realizację przy chirurgicznych zabiegach estetycznych
Authors: Gajda Michał
Published: June 2024

Obecnie chirurgia plastyczna stała się dziedziną medycyny nie tylko popularną, lecz także unikalną z perspektywy etycznej i prawnej. Każda interwencja medyczna wymaga od lekarza spełnienia wobec pacjenta obowiązku informacyjnego oraz uzyskania jego zgody, jednak zakres obowiązków nabiera szczególnego znaczenia w przypadku chirurgicznych zabiegów estetycznych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wyjaśnienie chirurgom plastykom praktycznych zagadnień związanych z granicami obowiązku informacyjnego lekarzy w przypadku zabiegów chirurgii plastycznej, których głównym/jedynym celem jest poprawa wyglądu pacjenta.
Altitude-dependent variations in some morphological and anatomical features of Anatolian chestnut
Authors: Özdikmenli Gizem , Yiğit Nurcan , Özel Halil Barış , Şevik Hakan
Published: June 2024

Morphological measurements of Anatolian chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) leaves were done within the borders of Abana district of Kastamonu province. The study was conducted using mixed (oak, beech, hornbeam, black pine, and yellow pine) medium (41% to 70%) and fully closed (71% to 100%) stands. Some leaf parameters, such as leaf blade width, petiole length, leaf blade length, leaf length, distance between lateral veins, teeth width, teeth length, the angle between the leaf base and the petiole, and the angle between the midrib and lateral veins, were measured. Moreover, stomata of the leaves picked up from precise altitudes were observed under a scanning electron microscope. The differences between fibre elevation, fibre wall thickness, elasticity coefficient, rigidity coefficient, Muhlstep rate, and Runkel ratio were found in the wood samples taken from different altitude zones. It was found that altitude did not affect leaf blade width, fibre length, fibre width, felting ratio, and lumen width. However, it was determined that altitude affected other studied characteristics.
Hubungan antara Faktor Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dan Karaktersitik Individu Terhadap Kejadian Difteri di Kabupaten Tangerang
Authors: Prabowo Julius , Iriani Dewi Utami
Published: June 2024

Difteri adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Corynebacterium Diphtheriae yang menghasilkan racun. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan fisik rumah dan karakteristik individu pada kejadian kejadian luar biasa (KLB) difteri di Kabupaten Tangerang pada tahun 2018. Penelitian ini adalah studi kasus-kontrol dengan 44 responden dilakukan pada bulan April - September 2018. Sampel adalah pasien dengan difteri dengan kontrol dari tetangga yang sehat. Lokasi tersebut berada di tiga kecamatan tertinggi kasus difteri di Kabupaten Tangerang, yaitu Curug, Cikupa, dan Kelapa Dua. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar jenis lantai dan jenis kondisi dinding pada kelompok kasus tidak memenuhi persyaratan, dan memiliki imunisasi DPT / DT yang tidak lengkap. Sedangkan area ventilasi tidak memenuhi persyaratan, memiliki hunian padat, sumber penularan dan tingkat pendidikan rendah ditemukan di sebagian besar kelompok kontrol. Faktor-faktor yang secara signifikan terkait dengan kejadian difteri adalah jenis lantai, tingkat ventilasi dan status imunisasi DPT / DT dengan p-value masing-masing 0,010 0,028; dan 0,021. Disarankan agar masyarakat menjaga lingkungan rumah mereka dan mengurangi risiko penularan difteri dengan menggunakan alas lantai, penutup dinding, membuka jendela secara teratur, menyelesaikan imunisasi DPT / DT. Dinas Kesehatan dan Puskesmas dapat bekerja sama dengan Kantor Pekerjaan Umum dan Bagian Perencanaan Tata Ruang yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan rumah sehat.  Selain itu, diperlukan penyuluhan terkait pentingnya imunisasi dan pencegahan difteri kepada masyarakat.