bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating changes in seismic wave velocity from a pneumatic source in an operational mine
Authors: Salmon Brian P. , Goldswain Gareth , Lynch Richard A. , Rebuli Daryl , Olivier Jan C. , Kleynhans Waldo
Published: August 2019

Rock mass characteristics such as applied stress, pore pressure, and fracture density are coupled to the seismic wave propagation velocity. Therefore, measuring small relative changes of seismic wave velocities in operational mines has the potential for tracking changes in these important rock mass properties. To this end, we have conducted an experiment with the aim of measuring seismic body wave velocities in situ at Williams mine, Hemlo, Canada, using a pneumatic source and multiple receivers. We determine that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by deconvolving the source signal from the signal recorded at the remotely grouted geophones. We evaluate the estimated relative changes in traveltimes and assume that these are due to changes in the body wave velocity caused by mining-related activities. We are able to successfully detect the source response at remote receivers in an operational mine at a distance of more than 430 m.
Improving the least-squares image by using angle information to avoid cycle skipping
Authors: He Bin , Liu Yike , Zhang Yanbao
Published: August 2019

In the past few decades, the least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) algorithm has been widely used to enhance images of complex subsurface structures by minimizing the data misfit function between the predicted and observed seismic data. However, this algorithm is sensitive to the accuracy of the migration velocity model, which, in the case of real data applications (generally obtained via tomography), always deviates from the true velocity model. Therefore, conventional LSRTM faces a cycle-skipping problem caused by a smeared image when using an inaccurate migration velocity model. To address the cycle-skipping problem, we have introduced an angle-domain LSRTM algorithm. Unlike the conventional LSRTM algorithm, our method updates the common source-propagation angle image gathers rather than the stacked image. An extended Born modeling operator in the common source-propagation angle domain is was derived, which reproduced kinematically accurate data in the presence of velocity errors. Our method can provide more focused images with high resolution as well as angle-domain common-image gathers (ADCIGs) with enhanced resolution and balanced amplitudes. However, because the velocity model is not updated, the provided image can have errors in depth. Synthetic and field examples are used to verify that our method can robustly improve the quality of the ADCIGs and the finally stacked images with affordable computational costs in the presence of velocity errors.
Elastic least-squares reverse time migration in vertical transverse isotropic media
Authors: Yang Jidong , Zhu Hejun , McMechan George , Zhang Houzhu , Zhao Yang
Published: August 2019

Using adjoint-based elastic reverse time migration, it is difficult to produce high-quality reflectivity images due to the limited acquisition apertures, band-limited source time function, and irregular subsurface illumination. Through iteratively computing the Hessian inverse, least-squares migration enables us to reduce the point-spread-function effects and improve the image resolution and amplitude fidelity. By incorporating anisotropy in the 2D elastic wave equation, we have developed an elastic least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) method for multicomponent data from the vertically transversely isotropic (VTI) media. Using the perturbed stiffness parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] as PP and PS reflectivities, we linearize the elastic VTI wave equation and obtain a Born modeling (demigration) operator. Then, we use the Lagrange multiplier method to derive the corresponding adjoint wave equation and reflectivity kernels. With linearized forward modeling and adjoint migration operators, we solve a linear inverse problem to estimate the subsurface reflectivity models for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. To reduce the artifacts caused by data over-fitting, we introduce total-variation regularization into the reflectivity inversion, which promotes a sparse solution in terms of the model derivatives. To accelerate the convergence of LSRTM, we use source illumination to approximate the diagonal Hessian and use it as a preconditioner for the misfit gradient. Numerical examples help us determine that our elastic VTI LSRTM method can improve the spatial resolution and amplitude fidelity in comparison to adjoint migration.
A Manifesto in Four Themes
Authors: Segato Rita Laura , McGlazer Ramsey
Published: August 2019

Throughout the Americas, an emphasis on the ideal of the family, defined as the subject of rights to be defended at all costs, has galvanized efforts to demonize and punish what is called “the ideology of gender.” The spokesmen of the historical project of capital thus offer proof, Segato argues, that, far from being residual, minor, or marginal, the question of gender—of the patriarchal order—is the cornerstone and center of gravity of all forms of power.
Manifiesto en cuatro temas
Authors: Segato Rita Laura
Published: August 2019

La presión desatada en todo el continente por demonizar y tornar punible lo que representan como “la ideología de género” y el énfasis en la defensa del ideal de la familia como sujeto de derechos a cualquier costo transforma los voceros del proyecto histórico del capital en fuentes de prueba de que, lejos de ser residual, minoritaria y marginal, la cuestión de género—del orden patriarcal—es la piedra angular y centro de gravedad del edificio de todos los poderes.
Counter-Critical Theory: An Intervention in Contemporary Critical Thought and Practice
Authors: Harcourt Bernard E.
Published: August 2019

Walter Benjamin and Bertolt Brecht's short-lived project for a critical theory journal, Krise und Kritik, foundered in 1931 on the shoals of positivism. Since then, a series of anti-foundational challenges to traditional critical theory has fragmented the landscape of critical theory and, especially, critical praxis, leaving us disarmed today, in these unprecedented times. This essay offers a way forward by means of what it calls “counter-critical theory”: a critical method that indexes the original impulse of critical theory, but liberates it from its foundation in order to allow for a more open-ended and permanent re-examination of how power circulates and recirculates throughout society. Counter-critical theory is a pure theory of illusions and calls for a strategic, ecumenical practice of political disobedience, accompanied by an unrelenting and resolute deployment of interpretation and resignification.
EGFP insertional mutagenesis reveals multiple FXR2P fibrillar states with differing ribosome association in neurons
Authors: Stackpole Emily E. , Akins Michael R. , Ivshina Maria , Murthy Anastasia C. , Fawzi Nicolas L. , Fallon Justin R.
Published: August 2019

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) function in higher-order assemblages such as RNA granules to regulate RNA localization and translation. The Fragile X homolog FXR2P is an RBP essential for formation of neuronal Fragile X granules that associate with axonal mRNA and ribosomes in the intact brain. However, the FXR2P domains important for assemblage formation in a cellular system are unknown. Here we used an EGFP insertional mutagenesis approach to probe for FXR2P intrinsic features that influence its structural states. We tested 18 different in-frame FXR2PEGFP fusions in neurons and found that the majority did not impact assemblage formation. However, EGFP insertion within a 23 amino acid region of the low complexity (LC) domain induced FXR2PEGFP assembly into two distinct fibril states that were observed in isolation or in highly-ordered bundles. FXR2PEGFP fibrils exhibited different developmental timelines, ultrastructures and ribosome associations. Formation of both fibril types was dependent on an intact RNA-binding domain. These results suggest that restricted regions of the LC domain, together with the RNA-binding domain, may be important for FXR2P structural state organization in neurons.
Mitochondrial Alkbh1 localizes to mtRNA granules and its knockdown induces the mitochondrial UPR in humans and C. elegans
Authors: Wagner Anita , Hofmeister Olga , Rolland Stephane G. , Maiser Andreas , Aasumets Koit , Schmitt Sabine , Schorpp Kenji , Feuchtinger Annette , Hadian Kamyar , Schneider Sabine , Zischka Hans , Leonhardt Heinrich , Conradt Barbara , Gerhold Joachim M. , Wolf Alexander
Published: August 2019

The Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenase Alkb homologue 1 (Alkbh1) has been shown to act on a wide range of substrates, like DNA, tRNA and histones. Thereby different enzymatic activities have been identified including, among others, demethylation of N3-methylcytosine (m3C) in RNA- and single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides, demethylation of N1-methyladenosine (m1A) in tRNA or formation of 5-formyl cytosine (f5C) in tRNA. In accordance with the different substrates, Alkbh1 has also been proposed to reside in distinct cellular compartments in human and mouse cells, including the nucleus, cytoplasm and mitochondria. Here, we describe further evidence for a role of human Alkbh1 in regulation of mitochondrial protein biogenesis, including visualizing localization of Alkbh1 into mitochondrial RNA granules with super-resolution 3D SIM microscopy. Electron microscopy and high-resolution respirometry analyses revealed an impact of Alkbh1 level on mitochondrial respiration, but not on mitochondrial structure. Downregulation of Alkbh1 impacts cell growth in HeLa cells and delays development in Caenorhabditis elegans, where the mitochondrial role of Alkbh1 seems to be conserved. Alkbh1 knockdown, but not Alkbh7 knockdown, triggers the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) in C. elegans.
Cross-talk between TGF-β and PDGFRα signaling pathways regulates the fate of stromal fibro–adipogenic progenitors
Authors: Contreras Osvaldo , Cruz-Soca Meilyn , Theret Marine , Soliman Hesham , Tung Lin Wei , Groppa Elena , Rossi Fabio M. , Brandan Enrique
Published: August 2019

Fibro–adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are tissue-resident mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) required for proper skeletal muscle development, regeneration and maintenance. However, FAPs are also responsible for fibro-fatty scar deposition following chronic damage. We aimed to investigate the role of functional cross-talk between TGF-β and PDGFRα signaling pathways in the fate of FAPs. Here, we show that the number of FAPs correlates with TGF-β levels and with extracellular matrix deposition during regeneration and repair. Interestingly, the expression of PDGFRα changed dynamically in the fibroblast lineage after injury. Furthermore, PDGFRα-dependent immediate early gene expression changed during regeneration and repair. We also found that TGF-β signaling reduces PDGFRα expression in FAPs, mouse dermal fibroblasts and in two related mesenchymal cell lines. Moreover, TGF-β promotes myofibroblast differentiation of FAPs but inhibits their adipogenicity. Accordingly, TGF-β impairs the expression of PDGFRα-dependent immediate early genes in a TGFBR1-dependent manner. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of PDGFRα activity with AG1296 impaired TGF-β-induced extracellular matrix remodeling, Smad2 signaling, myofibroblast differentiation and migration of MSCs. Thus, our work establishes a functional cross-talk between TGF-β and PDGFRα signaling pathways that is involved in regulating the biology of FAPs and/or MSCs.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Technology-integrated dementia care: trial results
Authors: Rostill Helen , Nilforooshan Ramin , Barnaghi Payam , Morgan Amanda
Published: August 2019

With dementia on the rise and care staff already overstretched, solutions need to be found to ensure the health and wellbeing of people living with the condition. Helen Rostill, Ramin Nilforooshan and Payam Barnaghi ran a trial with an IoT-led monitoring system.
Temporal variation in production and nutritional value of pollen used in the diet of Apis mellifera L. in a seasonal semideciduous forest
Authors: Nascimento José Elton de Melo , Freitas Breno Magalhães , Pacheco Filho Alípio José De Souza , Pereira Elzania Sales , Meneses Hiara Marques , Alves José Everton , Silva Cláudia Inês da
Published: August 2019

The flora of mountain formations in the Caatinga biome is composed predominantly by semi-deciduous species with representatives of both Atlantic and Amazon forest. Information on the potential for bee pollen production of these species is limited. In this study we evaluated the potential of production, the temporal variation, the botanical origin and the nutritional value of bee pollen produced in a seasonal semideciduous forest in northeastern Brazil. We identified a total of 252 flowering plant species throughout the year. The diet of Apis mellifera consisted of 74 pollen types distributed in 58 genera and 27 families. We identified two production peaks of bee pollen, the highest occurring in the rainy season. Nutritional value considering crude protein, carbohydrates, lipids and mineral matter changed over the study period, with influence of rainfall on the dry matter level. Some taxonomic groups of plants showed a strong relationship with nutrients, suggesting that although the diet of A. mellifera is broadly diversified, this species devoted most of its pollen foraging effort on the genus Mimosa and the palm tree species of Attalea speciosa. The results show that the seasonal semideciduous forest of the mountain range in the Northeast Brazil presents plant species: Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, Baccharis trinervis, Mimosa tenuiflora Myracrodruom urundeuva, Cecropia pachystachya, Attalea speciosa, with high nutritional level and potential for the pollen production.
Morphometric Changes in Three Species of Euglossini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Response to Landscape Structure
Authors: Ribeiro Mariléa , Aguiar Willian Moura , Nunes Lorena Andrade , Carneiro Lazaro Da Silva
Published: August 2019

Fragmentation and expansion of agricultural activities are sufficient factors for strongly impacting the biodiversity. Thus, sustainable practices of land use, such as agroforestry systems, are adopted with proposal of improving environmental quality and restore ecological processes. In flying insects, fragmentation may cause changes in the wing shape and size. Therefore, we evaluated the wing size and shape of three species of Euglossini (Eulaema atleticana Nemésio, Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus) and Euglossa ignita Smith) at response to landscape structure. The analysed specimens were collected in five areas, four forest areas with strong anthropic influence and an agroforestry system area. The results of the wing shape analysis have showed that the individuals of the three collected species within the agroforestry system diverge significantly (p<0.05) from those collected in the other areas. On the wings of Eg. cordata and Eg. ignita, differences in shape have occurred mainly in the medial region, which actively participates in the individual's flying ability. The wing size has showed meaningful difference only to the population of Eg. ignita (p=0,005). For Eg. cordata and El. atleticana, there was a significant correlation (r<0.05) between the morphometric data and the landscape metrics, which shows a close relationship between these species and the forest cover. The wing shape and size pursue an important function for the individual's ability in the environment, such as dispersion capacity and fertility rate, respectively. We concluded that the morphometric differences can reveal the existence of environmental stress for the biodiversity, therefore, contribute for environmental quality monitoring studies.
From inclusion to inclusivity: A scoping review of community music scholarship
Authors: Yerichuk Deanna , Krar Justis
Published: August 2019

This article investigates how community music scholarship has taken up inclusion. Using a modified scoping review methodology, the authors analysed 47 articles published in the International Journal of Community Music from 2008 to 2018, examining how scholars have defined and operationalized the terms ‘inclusion’ and ‘inclusivity’, which were used interchangeably in the literature. The authors found that inclusion was often normatively invoked with no definition or approaches provided. In those articles that provided more detail about inclusion, many focused on musical access, such as removing auditions and not requiring previous music skill or knowledge, and processes of musical inclusion, such as creating a friendly and non-judgmental atmosphere, providing multiple ways of engaging with music-making and cultivating musical leadership among participants. Less frequent in the literature were ideas and approaches focusing on social inclusion through music, including frameworks that aimed to address and change systems that create marginalization; approaches that addressed social barriers to participation, such as transportation and childcare; and approaches that decentralized leadership to create collective responsibility and participation. The authors conclude by examining approaches from other scholarly disciplines, arguing that community music scholarship may benefit for more sustained and deliberate use of the term inclusivity, which points to the ongoing practice and effort towards inclusion.
Cohousing ‐ social impacts and major implementation challenges
Authors: Hacke Ulrike , Müller Kornelia , Dütschke Elisabeth
Published: August 2019

Local social networks are in decline, and housing is growing increasingly expensive. These are but a few of the current challenges in the field of housing. One possible solution is cohousing projects: these form local communities, create affordable housing, and contribute to a sustainable
economy. Nevertheless, diffusion of cohousing remains slow. Transforming the housing sector is possible only as part of a larger political or social movement.This paper builds on outcomes of the TransNIK project which analysed sustain able innovations in the fields of energy, water
and housing. The focus here is on innovative cohousing initiatives contributing to a supportive environment for seniors and families and providing social mixing and rent reduction in the long term. The case study of four multi-generation and two 50plus projects through document analysis,
interviews, expert workshops and a survey has highlighted social benefits, economic and ecologic above-standard-solutions, but has also demonstrated that the implementation of such projects is full of preconditions. The implementation rate of cohousing projects shows little dynamics. Therefore,
a systematic presentation of success factors, barriers and difficulties to transformation processes is given. However, cohousing projects are dependent on support, and there are indications that politics and sections of the housing industry are gradually becoming more open to these ideas.
In addition, we are witnessing the slow growth of a consulting infrastructure.
Quantifying the sharing economy: An approach for measuring the ecological, social, and economic effects
Authors: Wruk Dominika , Oberg Achim , Friedrich-Schieback Marina
Published: August 2019

The sharing economy is often considered either the most promising “pathway to a sustainable market economy” or, conversely, a “hyper-capitalistic” exploitation of natural and social resources. Such contrasting images can influence the societal valuation of sharing
economy models, thereby misleading or hindering processes of transformation. Approaches toward quantifying the sharing economy have the potential for enriching societal knowledge and, in the process, fuelling societal transformation as the ecological, social, and economic effects of such developments
as carsharing become apparent.
Drivers and barriers of sustainability transformations: A comparison of the “Energiewende” and the attempted transformation to organic agriculture in Germany
Authors: Heyen Dirk Arne , Wolff Franziska
Published: August 2019

Why has the German energy transformation been more successful than the attempted transformation to organic agriculture? Through an analysis of the drivers and barriers of both processes, this article identifies key factors that explain the difference in outcome. It becomes clear: transformation
strategies should aim to create regulatory frameworks that make it attractive to invest in sustainable alternatives.This article compares the drivers and barriers of two sustainability transformations in Germany: the energy transformation (“Energiewende”) and the attempted
transformation towards organic agriculture which has, so far, been less successful. It is based on two case studies rooted in transformation research. While there is rapidly growing literature on energy, there are far fewer analyses of agricultural transformations. Moreover, single case studies
dominate. The cross-case comparison presented in this article is a step towards filling this gap. Particularly in their initial stages, the two transformation processes shared similarities: both systems had been coming under pressure due to environmental crises, grassroots movements and niche
developments of sustainable alternatives. However, changes to the regulatory system framework made investments in renewable energy more attractive than in organic agriculture, where the profitability of the transformation is still reduced by significant subsidies for conventional agriculture.
Moreover, the energy transformation has benefitted from technological improvements and falling costs, an early coalition of supporters, including business actors, and more recently from a broader societal and political consensus.
Work-life balance as a predictor of organizational commitment: a multidimensional approach
Authors: Rumangkit Stefanus , Zuriana Z
Published: August 2019

The article investigates the relationship between dimensions of work-life balance (time balance, involvement balance, and satisfaction balance) on organizational commitment. Employee at one of the hotels in Bandarlampung, Lampung, Indonesia, were surveyed and a total of 60 useable questionnaires were returned. We employed multiple regression analysis on those data and found that the time balance, involvement balance, and satisfaction balancepositively affected the organizational commitment.
Interactions Between Anti-Vegf Therapy and Antitumor Immunity as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Buka David , Dvořák Josef , Richter Igor , Škrobánek Pavel , Buchler Tomáš , Melichar Bohuslav
Published: August 2019

There is a growing corpus of evidence indicating that anti-VEGF therapy may normalize the abnormal tumor vasculature with the potential to re-program the tumor immune microenvironment to a more immunosupportive profile. Tumor vessel normalization increases tumor perfusion, and, consequently, oxygen and nutrient supply, and thus can be assumed to improve the general response to anticancer immunotherapy. The increased antitumor immunity responses seen following anti-VEGF therapy may also be associated with the inhibition of the immunosuppressive action deployed by VEGF on effector T cells. Bearing in mind the recent advances of combination immunotherapy, combinations of anti-VEGF therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors now appear to represent an attractive strategy. Key to the successful implementation of a combination strategy for treating cancer is understanding the interaction of these two therapeutic interventions, particularly in regards to appropriate reprogramming of the tumor immune microenvironment to improve antitumor immunity.
Strategies for managing paediatric patients in immunoglobulin clinical trials
Authors: Reid Brenda
Published: August 2019

The continued demand for immunoglobulin treatment for multiple indications has placed considerable strain on the supply of immunoglobulin product. Reliance on a few manufacturers can significantly impact the availability of product. In addition, patient tolerability may vary from one product to another necessitating a choice of products to find the best treatment for an individual patient. Therefore, it is important to conduct clinical trials with new immunoglobulin products to ensure that there is adequate supply and choice of products available on the market. This is particularly important for immunodeficient patients who require treatment with immunoglobulins for life. A requirement for licensing by the Federal Food and Drug Administration and Health Canada is that every immunoglobulin licensing study includes some paediatric patients. Enrolling paediatric subjects in immunoglobulin clinical trials can be challenging due to the need for both consent and assent for enrolment, as well as the increased demands that the study protocol places on the child and family over their usual clinical care. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize strategies that make the demands of the protocol more tolerable for children, and to ensure that the study documentation reflects the unique needs of paediatric patients (Denhoff et al. 2015).

Statement of novelty: This paper discusses strategies to facilitate enrolment and adherence to immunoglobulin study protocols that are unique to paediatric patients.
Parental attitude toward children’s mental disorders and its relationship with help seeking behaviors
Authors: Ebrahimi Hossein , Movaghari Mohammad Reza , Bazghaleh Milad , Shirmohammadi Nasim , Mohammadpourhodki Reza
Published: August 2019

Background

The purpose of the study was to assess parent’s attitudes toward mental illness in children and its relationship with help seeking behaviors.

Method

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a pediatric psychiatric clinic of under affiliation of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2016–2017. All children’s parents or guardians who referred for the first time to the clinics were the study population. Convenient sampling was applied and 400 subjects were included by survey method. The data collection tool for this study included a form for demographic data, a questionnaire for assessing parents’ attitude toward the causes, behavioral demonstrations and treatment of mental disorders in children, and finally a checklist to determine help seeking behaviors. Descriptive and inferential statistics was applied with SPSS software version 16 for data analysis.

Results

Of the parents, 93.7% had a good attitude toward mental illness in the three studied realms. Of the parents, 56.25% referred to official sources of help. The results of this research showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of parents’ attitude (sum of the three areas) in terms of child’s gender, parents’ marital status, father’s job, father’s education, and mother’s education and there was a significant relationship between help seeking behavior of parents just with fathers’ education level (p<0.05).

Conclusions

The results showed that parents had a good attitude toward their children’s mental disorders. However, it should not be overlooked that nearly half of the parents were still referring to unofficial sources of assistance.
A 4D Trajectory Prediction Model Based on the BP Neural Network
Authors: Wu Zhi-Jun , Tian Shan , Ma Lan
Published: August 2019

To solve the problem that traditional trajectory prediction methods cannot meet the requirements of high-precision, multi-dimensional and real-time prediction, a 4D trajectory prediction model based on the backpropagation (BP) neural network was studied. First, the hierarchical clustering algorithm and the k-means clustering algorithm were adopted to analyze the total flight time. Then, cubic spline interpolation was used to interpolate the flight position to extract the main trajectory feature. The 4D trajectory prediction model was based on the BP neural network. It was trained by Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast trajectory from Qingdao to Beijing and used to predict the flight trajectory at future moments. In this paper, the model is evaluated by the common measurement index such as maximum absolute error, mean absolute error and root mean square error. It also gives an analysis and comparison of the predicted over-point time, the predicted over-point altitude, the actual over-point time and the actual over-point altitude. The results indicate that the predicted 4D trajectory is close to the real flight data, and the time error at the crossing point is no more than 1 min and the altitude error at the crossing point is no more than 50 m, which is of high accuracy.
Evaluation of terrestrial and airborne gravity data over Antarctica – a generic approach
Authors: Zingerle P. , Pail R. , Scheinert M. , Schaller T.
Published: August 2019

The AntGrav project, funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) has the main objective to homogenize and optimize Antarctic gravity field information. Within this project an evaluation procedure is needed to inspect all different kind of gravity field surveys available in Antarctica. In this paper a suitable methodology is proposed.

We present an approach for fast 3D gravity point data reduction in different spectral bands. This is achieved through pre-calculating a fine 3D mesh of synthesized gravity functionals over the entirety of the Antarctic continent, for which two different global models are used: the combined satellite model GOCO05s for the long-wavelength part, and the topographic model Earth2014 for the shorter wavelengths. To maximize the applicability separate meshes are calculated for different spectral bands in order to specifically reduce a certain band or a selected combination. All meshes are calculated for gravity anomalies as well as gravity disturbances. Utilizing these meshes, synthesized gravity data at arbitrary positions is computed by conventional 3D interpolation methods (e.g. linear, cubic or spline).

It is shown that the applied approach can reach a worst-case interpolation error of less than 1 mGal. Evaluation results are presented for the AntGG grid and exemplary for the in-situ measurements of the AGAP and BAS-LAND campaigns. While general properties, large-scale errors and systematic effects can usually be detected, small-scale errors (e.g. of single points) are mostly untraceable due to the uncertainties within the topographic model.
Investing in the future: Korean early English education as neoliberal management of youth
Authors: Bae Sohee , Park Joseph Sung-Yul
Published: August 2019

This paper examines how entrepreneurial visions of the future contribute to neoliberalism’s appropriation of language learning as a strategy for capital accumulation. Taking as an example South Korea’s heavy investment in children’s English language learning – commonly known as early English education (yeongeo jogi gyoyuk) – it discusses how affective conditions of anticipation (Adams, Murphy and Clarke. 2009. Anticipation: Technoscience, life, affect, temporality. Subjectivity 28(1). 246–265.) may serve as a basis for rationalizing the incorporation of language learning as an essential element of entrepreneurial visions of the self. Based on examples from the discourse of the Korean private English education market and ethnographic observations from early study abroad (jogi yuhak) families in Singapore, we show how the English language learning of young children in the Korean context was framed and justified as an investment in the future. We then discuss how parents’ hopes and fears about their children’s future played a major role in transforming English language learning into a matter of neoliberal anticipation. We conclude by considering how this affective orientation to the future inherent in early English education may serve as a juncture for critiquing the entrepreneurial vision of the self that underlies the logic of human capital development.
Dispositional empathy is associated with experimental pain reduction during provision of social support by romantic partners
Authors: Duschek Stefan , Nassauer Lena , Montoro Casandra I. , Bair Angela , Montoya Pedro
Published: August 2019

Background and aims

While social interactions like verbal support and physical touch have repeatedly been shown to reduce experimental pain, analgesic effects of passive social support, i.e. the sole physical presence of a supportive other, remain unclear. Moreover, little is known about individual factors influencing the extent of pain attenuation during social support. This study investigated analgesic effects of passive support by a romantic partner and the role of partner empathy therein.

Methods

In 48 heterosexual couples, sensitivity to pressure pain was assessed; each participant was tested alone and in the passive presence of his/her partner. Dispositional empathy was quantified by a questionnaire.

Results

In the presence, as compared to absence, of their partners men and women exhibited higher pain threshold and tolerance, as well as lower sensory and affective pain ratings on constant pressure stimuli. Partner empathy was positively associated with pain tolerance and inversely associated with sensory pain experience.

Conclusions

The results confirm the analgesic effects of social support, which may even occur without verbal or physical contact. Partner empathy may buffer affective distress during pain exposure, thereby reducing pain sensitivity and promoting pain coping. These processes may occur solely due to a partner’s physical presence and do not necessarily require direct empathetic feedback.
State-of-the-art and future trends in soft magnetic materials characterization with focus on electric machine design – Part 2
Authors: Bramerdorfer Gerd , Kitzberger Martin , Wöckinger Daniel , Koprivica Branko , Zurek Stan
Published: August 2019

The first part of this two-part article is about a retrospective view of material characterization, starting with the work of J. Epstein around the year 1900 and respective basic explanations. Consequently, the work presented herein is about the current state-of-the-art, recent developments, and future trends in characterization of ferromagnetic materials. Modeling is in fact a type of characterization, in a phenomenological and mathematical sense, and therefore it is treated with due attention in this article. Quantifying the properties of soft magnetic materials retains significant scientific attention. Thanks to new optimization techniques and advances in numerical evaluation, modern electromagnetic devices feature high utilization. Classical models exhibit assumptions that do not allow modern machine or device characterization with high accuracy. In this manuscript, typically applied techniques and recent incremental improvements, as well as newly developed models are introduced and discussed. Moreover, the significant impact of manufacturing on the materials’ characteristics and its quantification is illustrated. Within this article, a broad overview of the state-of-the-art as well as recent advances and future trends in soft magnetic material characterization is presented. Thus, it is a valuable reading for beginners and experts, from academia and industry alike.
The Benefits and Limitations of Predicting One Repetition Maximum Using the Load-Velocity Relationship
Authors: McBurnie Alistair J. , Allen Kieran P. , Garry Maybanks , Martin McDwyer , Thomas Dos'Santos , Jones Paul A. , Comfort Paul , McMahon John J.
Published: August 2019

This review aims to provide an overview of the current load-velocity (L-V) approaches and their ability to estimate one-repetition maximum (1RM). The bench press exercise appears to be the most valid and reliable when applying this approach. The ability for L-V relationship to predict 1RM for lower-body lifts remains questionable. Individualized regression equations should be used alongside mean velocity when utilizing this method during the bench press. The 2-point method (2 distinguishable loads, as opposed to multiple loads) and normative velocity data (minimal velocity thresholds at 1RM) may provide a novel and practical way to assess athletes' 1RM.
EGG QUALITY TRAITS IN WG, GG AND GL JAPANESE QUAIL POPULATIONS
Authors: Lukanov H. , Genchev A. , Kolev P.
Published: August 2019

The aim of the study was to evaluate egg quality traits in three heavy Japanese quail populations created and reared in the Poultry Breeding Unit of the Trakia University – Bulgaria, marked as WG, GG and GL. In the experiments, 160 female birds from populations WG and GG, and 96 birds from population GL were tested up to the 6th production month. The main egg quality traits were controlled. The highest average egg weight was registered in WG group and the lowest in GL group, 14.04±0.32 g and 12.79±0.29 g respectively (p<0.05). The highest average Shape index was observed in group GG (78.31±0.53%), vs the lowest in WG quails (77.55±0.62%). Albumen proportion is almost 2/3 of egg mass, with average values from 57.14% in group WG tо 59.90% in group GG. Yolk proportion was about 30%, with smaller differences between the groups. The shell share from all tested groups comprised between 10.95 and 12.58% of egg weight. Average shell thickness was the greatest in eggs of WG quails (223.53±5.52 μm), and the lowest – in GG quails (216.91±6.83 μm). Egg quality traits were typical for the meat productive type of Japan quails.
ACUTE CORNEAL HYDROPS IN KERATOCONUS – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Haykin V. , Zdravkov Y. , Kostova S. , Oscar A. , Dokov S. , Tanev Iv.
Published: August 2019

Keratoconus is observed in cases of impaired corneal biochemical activity, leading to secondary thinning and ectasia. Usually the onset is in the second – third decade of life. The acute corneal hydrops occurs when intraocular aqueous passes through a rupture of Descemet membrane (DM) and is characterized with stromal edema. Estimated frequency is 2.5 – 3.0% among the keratoconus patient. Eye rubbing is the major risk factor. In most cases the hydrops persists for 2 -4 months. The resolution is cicatrix/scar formation, but there is a risk for complications such as vascularization, infection and corneal perforation.
We present a case of a 23 year old male patient, presenting with complains of reduced and blurry vision in the right eye and photophobia. Visual acuity and full ophthalmological examination was done. UBM was performed of the right eye. The patient received conservative therapy.
The acute corneal hydrops occurs when intraocular aqueous passes through a rupture of Descemet membrane (DM) and is characterized with stromal edema.
The treatment could be conservative or surgical. The conservative therapy includes topical lubricants, antibiotics, cycloplegics, hyperosmotic solutions, antiglaucoma drugs, topical corticosteroids and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs. Surgical treatment includes intracameral injection of air or gas, but the definitive treatment is penetrating keratoplasty.
We describe a newly diagnosed patient with keratoconus, who presents with rare complication - acute corneal hydrops.
Differential diagnosis in cases of young patients with acute onset of keratitis, especially young males, should be made with acute corneal hydrops.
How does regular exercise affect internet addiction level in university students?
Authors: Koçak Ç.V.
Published: August 2019

Purpose : The internet is one of the most important technological developments of the era. Internet usage rate is increased rapidly. This intensity of use is thought to cause some behavior disorders in people. In this study, it was aimed to determine the internet addiction status of university students and to evaluate the relationship between regularly exercise and academic achievement. Material : The study group is consisted 50 [n=25 female, n=25 male] university students. The mean of the age of participants was 21.47 [±1.66]. Data was collected by personal information form and Internet Addiction Test. SPSS 22 program was used in the analysis of the obtained data and Shapiro-Wilk Test was applied to determine whether the data showed normal distribution and the significance level was accepted as p<0.05 in the analyses. Data were normally distributed. Paired-Samples T-Test was used to analyze of the data. Results : As the main hypothesis of the study, there was a significant difference between regularly exercise and internet addiction. Also, it was seen that the internet usage period of the participants who exercise regularly decreased. Conclusions : Doing regular exercise can reduces the level of internet addiction and the time spent on the Internet. Regulating and reducing the time spent on the internet can help to protect from psycho-social, physical and physiological negative effects of Internet addiction. It may be suggested to do regular exercise for this. Measures should be taken to reduce and prevent internet addiction of university students. Research can be repeated with different variables in different samples. For example; researches about internet addiction in elite level athletes.
HUBUNGAN KEMAMPUAN SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING DAN PROBLEM SOLVING SISWA SMP MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH
Authors: Irvani Asep Irvan
Published: August 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan kemampuan self-directed learning dengan kemampuan problem solving siswa melalui pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada materi pemantulan cahaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian korelasi yang dilaksanakan di kelas VIII di salah satu SMP negeri di kota Cimahi pada tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket skala bertingkat untuk kemampuan self-directed learning, postest uraian terbuka untuk kemampuan problem solving, dan lembar observasi untuk keterlaksanaan rencana pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, setelah dilakukan pembelajaran berbasis masalah, diperoleh rata-rata kemampuan self-directed learning siswa dalam kategori sedang. Untuk kemampuan problem solving didapatkan rata-rata siswa dalam kategori sedang. Hasil perhitungan korelasi didapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,749 dengan kategori tinggi. Kemampuan self-directed learning berkontribusi sebesar 56,05% terhadap  kemampuan problem solving siswa. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kemampuan self directed learning dengan kemampuan problem solving siswa SMP pada pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada materi pemantulan cahaya
Dilemas da Transição em Miguel de Unamuno e José Enrique Rodó
Authors: Santos Elisângela da Silva
Published: August 2019

RESUMO Neste artigo, o objetivo é discutir como o pensador uruguaio José Enrique Rodó (1871-1917) e o pensador espanhol Miguel de Unamuno (1864-1936) compreenderam a chamada crise de fim de século na Hispano-América. O interesse em resgatar as reflexões de dois autores de diferentes contextos geográficos é justamente perceber complementaridades que permitam a aproximação de ambas as reflexões que apontam para uma direção consensual entre religião e ciência no fim do século XIX. Para eles, a ausência total de um poder espiritual poderia ocasionar uma desordem moral, intelectual e psíquica na sociedade, uma vez que a religião se erigiu anteriormente como o grande sustentáculo do mundo. Portanto, a missão intelectual de ambos foi tentar encontrar a exata medida entre o arcabouço científico e a sensibilidade em um contexto marcado pelo processo de modernização de suas sociedades.
Impacto orçamentário da incorporação de medicamentos para tratamento em segunda linha do edema macular diabético no SUS sob a perspectiva da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Izidoro Jans Bastos , Piazza Thais , Andrade Eli Iola Gurgel , Alvares-Teodoro Juliana
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Os objetivos foram efetuar a análise do impacto orçamentário para a incorporação de segunda linha terapêutica com terapia antiangiogênica de aplicação intravítrea, para tratamento de edema macular diabético, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em Minas Gerais, Brasil, discutindo sua viabilidade à luz do orçamento do estado. A análise do impacto orçamentário com método determinístico, segundo diretriz do Ministério da Saúde. Foram incluídos os pacientes com provável falha ao tratamento de primeira linha, num horizonte temporal de 5 anos para todas as tecnologias avaliadas. Incluíram-se na análise os medicamentos bevacizumabe (uso off-label), ranibizumabe e aflibercepte. As populações foram calculadas tanto por demanda aferida quanto por estimativa epidemiológica. Como análises de sensibilidade efetuaram-se: cenário com difusão de tecnologia mais lenta; cenário com a entrada de bevacizumabe e ranibizumabe biossimilares no mercado; cenário com a desconsideração da inflação no período. O impacto orçamentário incremental, de acordo com as estimativas de demanda aferida e epidemiológica, respectivamente, foi de R$ 69.493.906,95-R$ 473.226.278,78 para bevacizumabe; R$ 349.319.965,60-R$ 2.378.732.103,09 para ranibizumabe e R$543.867.485,47-R$ 3.703.524.490,16 para aflibercepte. Bevacizumabe foi a alternativa financeiramente mais viável em todos os cenários das estimativas e análises de sensibilidade. Estimou-se incremento próximo a 3%, comparando com o orçamento de 2016 (demanda aferida). Avalia-se que a incorporação é viável dentro do SUS em Minas Gerais, mas sujeita às prioridades da gestão. A discrepância de preços entre produtos de eficácia semelhante é intrigante e tema fértil para estudos futuros.
Reações adversas a medicamentos no sistema de farmacovigilância do Brasil, 2008 a 2013: estudo descritivo
Authors: Mota Daniel Marques , Vigo Álvaro , Kuchenbecker Ricardo de Souza
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Analisam-se as suspeitas de reações adversas a medicamentos notificadas no sistema de farmacovigilância do Brasil (Notivisa-medicamento) entre 2008 e 2013. Trata-se de estudo descritivo cujas unidades de análises da base de dados foram as notificações e os pares medicamento-reação adversa. Foi identificado um total de 26.554 notificações, o que produziu uma taxa de notificação de 22,8 milhões de habitantes/ano. As notificações referentes ao sexo feminino (60,5%) prevaleceram, assim como a raça/cor branca (58,1%). A idade variou de 0 a 112 anos (mediana = 46 anos). Quase 1/3 (32,5%) das suspeitas de reações adversas a medicamentos ocorreram em populações vulneráveis (idosos e crianças). Foram avaliados 54.288 registros de pares de medicamento-reação adversa, em que prevaleceram as reações adversas graves (59,2%), com destaque para as que resultaram em efeito clinicamente importante (83,1%). Os medicamentos mais frequentes nas reações adversas a medicamentos graves pertenceram aos grupos L - agentes neoplásicos e imunomodulares (32,1%) e J - anti-infeciosos gerais para uso sistêmico (27%), ao passo que o sistema-órgão-classe mais afetado foi o relacionado a afecções da pele e distúrbios afins (23,7%). O Notivisa-medicamento é relevante recurso para a produção de sinais de alertas e hipóteses sobre a segurança de medicamentos comercializados no Brasil. No entanto, a taxa de notificação por milhão de habitantes/ano mostrou-se muito inferior àquela descrita por países de média e alta renda.