bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación entre la carga mental y el tipo de puesto laboral entre trabajadores de un centro minero y uno petrolero, 2020 - 2021
Authors:   , Coronado Davila Fernando , Rodriguez Leyth Heli
Published: November 2022

Introducción: Los trabajadores de minería y petróleo se adaptan a mayores exigencias laborales que requieren una mayor demanda cognitiva, esto conlleva a un impacto en la carga física, mental, desempeño y favorece el agotamiento laboral. Objetivo: Identificar la asociación entre la carga mental y el tipo de puesto de trabajo en trabajadores de minería y petróleo. Métodos: Análisis descriptivo de estudio transversal y de corte retrospectivo longitudinal. Se utilizó el registro de trabajadores de un centro minero y otro petrolero del Perú, durante el 2020-2021. Se evaluó el nivel de carga mental mediante el test de NASA-TLX con las características laborales. Se realizó la asociación de estas variables con un análisis multivariado, para estimar las Razones de Prevalencia (RP) con intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC 95%). Resultados: Se incluyó 163 trabajadores, con 146 varones (89.6%), edad promedio de 40.1 años (D. Estándar: 9.5) y con nivel alto de carga mental de 38.8% y 71.4% en trabajadores mineros y petroleros, respectivamente. En el estudio multivariado se halló una relación significativa entre el tipo de puesto de trabajo [RP: 2.1 (1.3 - 3.4)], el rubro minero [RP: 2.6 (1.4 - 5.0)] y el petrolero [RP: 1.2 (0.5 – 2.9)] con un alto nivel de carga mental. Conclusiones: Existe asociación entre la carga mental y el tipo de puesto laboral en trabajadores mineros y petroleros. Este estudio exploratorio permite obtener un panorama de la carga mental en los trabajadores del Perú, identificar los grupos de riesgo de trabajadores con alta carga mental y promover los programas preventivos de la salud mental.
Chromosome number and phenotypic variations in hybrid populations of diploid and triploid in Hemerocallis
Authors: Guan Chunjing , Ren Yi , Cui Yuxuan , Wang Ying , Rong Liu , Gao YiKe , Zhang QiXiang
Published: November 2022

The main objective of the present study was to identify chromosome number variation in the progenies from triploid × diploid (3x × 2x) crosses in daylilies to analyze the survival of aneuploid embryos and the trait variation of progeny (e.g., plant height, flower diameter, and flower opening and closing time), and fully tap into the potential of triploid daylilies for daylily breeding. The results showed that the fruits of crosses fully developed, and seedlings were obtained from the two hybrid groups, indicating that male sterile triploid Hemerocallis fulva can be used as a female. Chromosome preparation showed that the progenies were predominantly aneuploid. Based on megasporogenesis, we deduce that the endosperm of 3x × 2x is 7x in H. fulva and conclude that the aneuploid embryo survival of 3x × 2x in Hemerocallis is the result of the euploid endosperm. The analysis of trait variation showed that most of the morphological characters were separated in the F1 generation. The F1 plants were nocturnal-flowering. The results suggest that flower opening time in the evening is partially dominant to that in the morning. The main objectives of our study were to evaluate daylily tolerance to karyotypic imbalance and enhance our understanding of flowers’ ability to predict and adapt to daily environmental changes.
Effects of 0.05% cyclosporine A eye drops on ocular surface microbiome in patients with mild to moderate dry eye syndrome
Authors: Chen Jing , Jiang Huimin , Wu Sainan , Qi Xiaoxuan , Liang Chunmei , Zhang Qing
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of topical use of 0.05% cyclosporine A eye drops for three months on ocular surface microbiome in patients with mild to moderate dry eye syndrome.

Methods

In this study, 14 patients(28 eyes) diagnosed with dry eye syndrome were enrolled. All patients used 0.05% cyclosporine A eye drops twice a day combined with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops four times a day for three consecutive months. The ocular surface parameters and tear samples were detected before using the medication, and six weeks, three months after using the medication. The results were recorded as V1, V2 and V3, respectively. The test indexes included the scores of the Chinese Dry Eye Questionnaire, Schirmer's Ⅰ test, inferior corneal staining scores (ICSS), fluorescein staining tear film breaking time (FBUT), noninvasive tear breakup time-average (NITBUT-av), tear meniscus height (TMH) and ocular redness index (ORI). Also, the differences of ocular surface microbiome between V1 and V3 were compared by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology.

Results

Two of the ocular surface parameters were significantly improved after three months of treatment, which were FBUT (PV1−V2=0.017, PV1−V3=0.001) and ICSS (PV1−V2=0.036, PV1−V3=0.001). However, CDEQ, Schirmer's Ⅰtest, TMH, NTBUT-av and ORI showed no statistical significance in our study. We analyzed the samples by the 16s RNA gene sequencing technology, and the results suggested that the analysis of the alpha diversity, beta diversity and bacteria abundance revealed no significant difference between V1 and V3.

Conclusion

Topical application of 0.05% cyclosporine A eye drops twice a day combined with 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops four times a day can relieve the symptoms and signs of patients with dry eye syndrome. However, it showed little effect on the microbiome of ocular surface over the course of our study.

Trial registration

This study was also registered in Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (ChiCTR2100042465) On 22/01/2021.
There is No Place Like Home — Finding Birth Radii of Stars in the Milky Way
Authors: Lu Yuxi(Lucy) , Minchev Ivan , Buck Tobias , Khoperskov Sergey , Steinmetz Matthias , Cescutti Gabriele , Freeman Kenneth
Published: November 2022

Stars move away from their birth places over time via a process known as radial migration, which blurs chemo-kinematic relations used for reconstructing the Milky Way formation history. One of the ultimate goals of Galactic Archaeology, therefore, is to find stars’ birth aggregates in the disk via chemical tagging. Here we show that stellar birth radii can be derived directly from the data with minimum prior assumptions on the Galactic enrichment history. We recover the time evolution of the stellar birth metallicity gradient, d[Fe/H](R, τ)/dR, through its inverse relation to the metallicity range as a function of age today, allowing us to place any star with age and metallicity measurements back to its birthplace, Rb. Applying our method to a high-precision large data set of Milky Way disk subgiant stars, we find a steepening of the birth metallicity gradient from 11 to 8 Gyr ago, which coincides with the time of the last major merger, Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE). This transition appears to play a major role in shaping both the age-metallicity relation and the bimodality in the [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane. By dissecting the disk into mono-Rb populations, clumps in the low-[α/Fe] sequence appear, which are not seen in the total sample and coincide in time with known star-formation bursts. We estimated that the Sun was born at 4.5 +- 0.4 kpc from the Galactic center. Our Rb estimates provide the missing piece needed to recover the Milky Way formation history, while the by-product, [Fe/H](R, τ), can be used as the thus-far missing prior for chemical evolution modeling.
In vitro antiplasmodial activity and toxicological profile of extracts, fractions and chemical constituents of leaves and stem bark of Dacryodes edulis (Burseraceae)
Authors: Dongmo Kevine Johane Jumeta , Tali Mariscal Brice Tchatat , Fongang Yannick Stéphane Fotsing , Taguimjeu Pierre Leonel K. Tafokeu , Kagho Donald Ulrich Kenou , Bitchagno Gabin Thierry , Lenta Bruno Ndjakou , Fekam Fabrice Boyom , Sewald Norbert , Ngouela Silvère Augustin
Published: November 2022

Background
Dacryodes edulis is a plant that belongs to the Burseraceae family. It is widely used traditionally alone or in association with other plants in Cameroonian folk medicine to cure wounds, fever, headaches, and malaria. The aim of this work was to investigate the leaves and stem bark of D. edulis with an emphasis on the antiplasmodial and cytotoxic effects on extracts, fractions and isolated compounds.
Methods
Extracts, fractions, and some isolated compounds were subjected to antiplasmodial activity screening in vitro against chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 and multidrug resistant Dd2 strains of Plasmodium falciparum using a SyBr Green fluorescence-based assay. The cytotoxicity of active extracts, fractions, and compounds was tested against mammalian Raw cell lines using an in vitro resazurin-based viability assay. The structures of the compounds were determined based on their NMR and MS data. The in vivo toxicity using female BALB/c mice was performed on the most active extract according to the protocol of OECD (2001), guideline 423.
Results
The hydroethanolic extract from the leaves of D. edulis displayed good antiplasmodial activity with IC50 values of 3.10 and 3.56 µg/mL respectively on sensitive (3D7) and multiresistant (Dd2) strains of P. falciparum. Of the sixteen compounds isolated, 3,3′,4-tri-O-methylellagic acid (4) exhibited the highest antiplasmodial activity against PfDd2 strains with an IC50 value of 0.63 µg/mL. All extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds demonstrated cytotoxicity against Raw cell lines with CC50 > 250 µg/mL. In addition, the most active extract on both strains of P. falciparum was nontoxic in vivo, with an LD50 greater than 2000 and 5000 mg/kg. A phytochemical survey of the stem bark and leaves of D. edulis afforded sixteen compounds, including two xanthones (1–2), three ellagic acid derivatives (3–5), one phenolic compound (6), one depside (7), one triglyceride (8), one auranthiamide acetate (9), one gallic acid derivative (10), four triterpenoids (11–14), and two steroids (15–16). Compounds 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, and 9 were herein reported for the first time from the Burseraceae family.
Conclusion
This work highlight the good antiplasmodial potency of the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of this plant and the antiplasmodial activity of 2 of its constituents (3,3′,4-tri-O-methylellagic acid and ethylgallate) in vitro. These biological results confirmed the use of D. edulis in traditional medicine against malaria.
Endogenous Endophthalmitis at a Tertiary Referral Center in China: A Retrospective Study Over Three Decades
Authors: Zhang Wenfei , Zhao Xinyu , Chen Huan , Meng Lihui , Chen Youxin
Published: November 2022

Purpose
To investigate the etiology, pathogens, treatment, and prognosis of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE).
Methods
Patients diagnosed with EE over three decades at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Clinical characteristics with different causes were evaluated, and a subgroup analysis of different initial treatment methods was conducted.
Results
A total of 97 eyes from 81 patients were included. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was the most common predisposing medical condition (34.6%). Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.3%) and Candida albicans (32.8%) were the most common pathogens. Liver abscess (20.6%) was the predominant cause of EE. More than 70% of patients with liver abscesses had DM, which was significantly more than other etiologies (P < 0.05). EE due to liver abscess had a worse initial visual acuity (P < 0.05). Surgical interventions for EE due to liver abscess were significantly shorter than those for other causes (P < 0.05), but the prognosis was poorer. Forty percent of eyes underwent evisceration/enucleation (P < 0.05). Patients who initially underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) + silicone oil tamponade underwent fewer total treatments, and no eyes required additional intravitreal injections (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
EE was a devastating intraocular disease with poor visual prognosis. The initial condition and prognosis of EE after liver abscess were the worst. PPV + silicone oil tamponade as an initial treatment may reduce additional therapy.
Effects of drought stress on the functional traits and rhizosphere microbial community structure of Cyperus esculentus
Authors: Liu Binshuo , Li Ming , Hu Yunhang , Xue Honghai , Wang Ying , Li Zhonghe
Published: November 2022

Drought is a major factor limiting plant growth. Plants cope with stress via morphophysiological responses. However, it is unclear whether plant root-microbe interactions improve plant stress tolerance. We conducted a pot experiment on Cyperus esculentus wherein we subjected it to various drought levels and analyzed the functional traits of its aboveground and belowground organs. High-throughput sequencing was used to study the structure and diversity of the microbial community in the rhizosphere. Drought stress substantially lowered the densities of the leaves, stems, roots, and seeds relative to the untreated control. Drought stress inhibited the growth and reduced the yield of C. esculentus. The leaves and seeds have higher water content and are more sensitive to drought stress than the roots. Change in shoot height was the most evident response of C. esculentus to drought stress. Plants under drought stress reduced their leaf area and assumed a specific leaf weight to maintain photosynthetic performance. Rhizosphere fungi were more sensitive to drought stress than rhizosphere bacteria. Drought-stressed C. esculentus maintained their photosynthetic performance by reducing shoot height and leaf area while assuming a stable specific leaf weight. Drought stress exerted a significantly stronger negative impact on rhizosphere fungi than rhizosphere bacteria.
Integrative metabolomics and proteomics analysis of human dental pulp stem cells during osteo/odontogenic differentiation
Authors: Luo Haiyun , Tian Qinglu , Zhou Yachuan
Published: November 2022

Background Metabolism remodeling is essential for fulfilling the energetic demands and anabolic purposes that is prerequisite for new cellular state. How metabolic fluctuations coordinate and modulate the stem cell fate transition in mineralized tissue regeneration was largely unknown. The integrated metabolomic-proteomics analysis revealed dynamic metabolites and proteins profiles during osteo/odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods UHPLS-MS/MS untargeted metabolomics and DIA proteomics were utilized to reveal the dynamic metabolites and proteins profiles during osteo/odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs. The integrative analysis of metabolome and proteome was performed to illustrate the metabolite remodeling and protein engagement during mineralization. Results A total of 194 differently expressed metabolites, and 4706 differently expressed proteins in hDPSCs were found during osteo/odontogenic differentiation. The integrated metabolomic-proteomics analysis showed close agreement in metabolism pathways. Glycolysis and TCA cycle were enhanced, accompanying by ATP molecule accumulation. Fatty acid degradation displayed highly upregulated with increased degradation enzymes to product CoA. Nucleotide and amino acid metabolism exhibited increased biosynthesis to fulfilled the demand along differentiation. Specially, glutathione metabolism was highly stimulated and may play a role in oxidation resistance. Conclusions Our study firstly gets the metabolomics-proteomics landscape of hDPSCs during osteo/odontogenic differentiation. It provided new insights into the regulatory metabolism during hDPSCs differentiation and shed light on the possibility of metabolic engineering in mineralized tissue regeneration.
Hematological Values in Water Buffaloes, Variations With Age, Sex, and Trypanosoma Spp. Natural Infection
Authors: Jaramillo Ingrid , Agudelo-Florez Piedad , Tobon Julio , Ruiz-Buitrago Jhon
Published: November 2022

Objective. The aim of this study was to establish blood reference intervals (RIs) and describe the effects of age, sex, and natural haemotropical infection withTrypanosomaspp.Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed 1225 water buffaloes with nonvisible symptoms of disease stratified by age and sex. The confidence intervals were calculated for each reference limit (95%, p<0.05). The data were analyzed in three age groups (calves, young, and adults), two sex groups (females and males), natural infection withTrypanosomasp (infected, non-infected). The differences between age group, sex,Trypanosomaspp infection, and all the parameters were compared, and differences between age group, sex,Trypanosomainfection, and hematological parameters were found (p<0.05).Results. Males showed higher values for red blood cell account, white blood cell account, and thrombocyte count; females showed higher values for Mean corpuscular volume and neutrophil parameters. Calves showed more hemoconcentration. than in the other age groups. Young animals showed less total protein, neutrophils and thrombocytes, and a higher Mean corpuscular volume and lymphocyte count. Natural infection withTrypanosomaspp. caused statistically significant relation (p<0.05) decreasing red blood cells, hemoglobin, pack cell volume, platelet, total protein and increases in eosinophils and lymphocytes.Conclusions.Natural infection withTrypanosomaspp. showed differences: (p<0.05) decreasing levels of granulocytes, red blood cell, hemoglobin, Pack volume cell, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, platelet, total protein, and increasing levels of eosinophils and lymphocytes. No pathognomonic variable of the disease was found. The current study provide RIs and demonstrates changes associated with age, sex and infections.
Psychosocial Development in Saudi Adolescents with Type-1 Diabetes: A Descriptive Comparative Study
Authors: Hamza Abdulaziz , Qurashi Abdullah A. Al , Assir Mishary , Ghamdi Al-Shaheen Al- , Al-Zahrani Saleh , Zahid Rania , Halabi Jehad
Published: November 2022

Background
Diabetes Miletus imposes a significant psychological and social burden on the affected individuals. The impact of type 1 diabetes Miletus on psychosocial development has not been well investigated in the literature. We aim to fill the aforementioned gap by conducting a comparative study to accurately assess the impact of this chronic disease on psychosocial development among adolescents in Saudi Arabia.
Methodology
This is a structured interview-based, comparative, and cross-sectional study targeting adolescents in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This study utilized a validated instrument (PIES) to assess the psychosocial development among the recruited participants. An IRB approval has been granted for this study. The data were analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. The data collection spanned the duration from the 1st of November 2020 until the 8th of June 2021.
Results
A total of 310 individuals were recruited, 90 of which were diabetics, and 220 were non-diabetics. This study shows that the individuals affected with diabetes Miletus were significantly under-developed in the Hope and Care subscales compared with their healthy peers. We found no significant correlation between Hb1AC levels and psychosocial development.
Conclusion
As demonstrated by our study, we have found that the diabetes miletus affected individuals were significantly under-developed in Hope and Care subscales. An underdevelopment in Hope subscale is correlated with presence of depression. Close monitoring and psychiatrist referral, when needed, are highly recommended for this group of individuals.
Declining incidence of cerebral palsy in South Korea: Linked analysis of the National Health Insurance database and the health screening data
Authors: Kim Gun-Ha , Lee Gisu , Ha Sungyeon , Cho Geum Joon , Kim Yoon Ha
Published: November 2022

Background
Presuming that the prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) in Korea is decreasing due to medical advances, we analyzed the trends and risk factors of CP in changing circumstances.
Methods
We identified all women who delivered a singleton between 2007 and 2015 using the Korea National Health Insurance (KNHI). Information on pregnancy and birth was obtained by linking the KNHI claims database and data from the national health-screening program for infants and children.
Results
Over 90% of children with CP were diagnosed within four years of birth. Moreover, the 4-year incidence of CP decreased significantly from 4.77 to 2.52 per 1000 babies during the study period. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of developing CP was 3.9 times higher in babies with preterm birth, 5.6 times higher in those with birth weight <2500 g, and 4.1 times higher in pregnancies with polyhydramnios. Over time, the number of preterm births and babies with low birth weight decreased, while polyhydramnios became slightly more prevalent.
Conclusion
In Korea, the incidence of CP in singleton decreased from 2007 to 2015. In addition, the number of preterm births and babies with a low birth weight, which are major risk factors for CP, also declined.
Medical Image Encryption Using 3D Unified Chaotic System and Dynamic DNA coding
Authors: Das Subhajit , Sanyal Manas Kumar
Published: November 2022

The traditional image encryption algorithm is very simple to be attacked by chosen-plaintext because it has a huge amount of image information data, excessive redundancy, and huge pixel correlation. To upgrade the security of medical images a different DNA coding based medical image encryption algorithm and 3D unified chaotic system is proposed. Initially, a key value is composed from the input image. This newly generated key value is responsible for selecting the chaotic system to be executed and its initial values. Chaotic systems are enforced here to produce a pseudorandom sequence that is utilized for converting the pixels to DNA bases and for scrambling and diffusion operations of plain text images. Finally, simple reversible DNA base conversion rules are used to convert and decode the DNA bases. The decoded cipher image is very hard to recognize without the correct key value. The proposed cryptosystem is simulated, tested, and measured up with some other image encryption algorithms. The outcomes of the several assessments are very favourable and exhibit tremendous encryption performance on different types of medical images, which form the proposed algorithm appropriate for problem solving applications. The experimental impact also prove the durability of the cryptosystem against distinct types of cryptographic attacks.
A comparative study of land-based and sea-based site responses based on centrifuge model testing
Authors: Liu Juan , Lan Jingyan , C Diwakar K , Song Xi-Jun , Hu Liang-Bo
Published: November 2022

Earthquake ground motion records often show that soil sites typically exhibit nonlinear amplification characteristics during strong seismic motions. The surface ground motion amplification effects are typically affected by site conditions and topographic features; however, the ground motion and site response of sea-based soil sites have not been extensively investigated due in part to the scarcity of available strong seismic records from few geotechnical observation arrays in the sea areas. In the present study physical centrifuge models are explored to simulate the ground motion response of land-based and sea-based soil sites and site response analysis is conducted to assess the free-field response of both deposits to earthquake motion. Both sites exhibit multiple modes of vibration; the first-order mode dominates in both the land-based and 1 the sea-based soil sites with strongest amplification effect. The secondorder mode occurs in both sites and the amplification effect is far more modest than the first-order mode. The amplification effects in the seabased site are somewhat weaker than those in the land-based site. The third-order mode is found only in the response of sea-based site and the distribution of the amplification factor across the depth appears more complex without a clear pattern than in the lower order modes.
Construction and validation of an infant chest phantom for paediatric computed tomography
Authors: Rodgers Seonaid , Cryer David , Storm Cameron , Nezich Rikki , Ebert Martin A , Rowshanfarzad Pejman , Atkinson Janette
Published: November 2022

Paediatric imaging protocols should be carefully optimised to maintain the desired image quality while minimising the delivered patient dose. A paediatric chest phantom was designed, constructed and evaluated to optimise chest CT examinations for infants. The phantom was designed to enable dosimetry and image quality measurements within the anthropomorphic structure. It was constructed using tissue equivalent materials to mimic thoracic structures of a child, 0–6 months old. The phantom materials were validated across a range of diagnostic tube voltages with resulting CT numbers found equivalent to paediatric tissues observed via a survey of clinical paediatric chest studies. The phantom has been successfully used to measure radiation dose and evaluate various image quality parameters for paediatric specific protocols.
Spiral model development of retrofitted robot for tele-operation of conventional hydraulic excavator
Authors: Komatsu Tomohiro , Nagatani Keiji , Hirata Yasuhisa
Published: November 2022

This paper describes the effect of applying spiral model to the development process of robot system for a new entrant company. The robot system was developed to remotely control a conventional hydraulic excavator in order to improve the safety of operators in disaster emergency restoration. The issues of development are the definition of requirements and integration for a practical system in a real environment by a new entrant company. The constraints to the new entry of smaller companies are the following three points. (1) Lack of industry knowledge and data to define requirements (2) Lack of on-site environment and machinery for investigation and testing (3) Lack of experience in robot development To solve the problems under these constraints, the spiral model divides the development based on the prototype into 4-steps, and repeats this series of processes. This method was applied to clarify the necessary functions and performance of the robot step by step, and to construct a system with robustness in a real environment. As a result, this robot system has been successfully utilized in emergency disaster recovery tasks due to landslides, and removing debris in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, reducing the mental and physical burden on the operators.
Effect of Nb cationic substitution on the microstructure and Raman spectra of SrBi2(Ta,Nb)2O9 thin films
Authors: Fesenko O. M. , Yaremkevich A. D. , Tsebrienko T. V. , Budnyk O. P. , Wang Lei , Semchenko A. V. , Sidski V. V. , Morozovska A. N.
Published: November 2022

Micro-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have been used to explore the lattice dynamics of Nb-substituted SrBi2(TaxNb1−x)2O9 (SBTN) thin crystalline films annealed at low temperature, 700oC. The relative intensity of the (115), (006) and (200) X-ray diffraction peaks, which correspond to the crystal structure and ferroelectric phase, nonmonotonically increases with the increase of Nb content. It turned out that SBTN films consist of fine-grained spherical structures if the percent of Ta ions substituted by Nb ions is (10–40) wt.%, while the formation of rod-like grains occurs when the percent of Nb ions reaches 50 wt. % due to the stress-induced transformation of the thin film perovskite structure. It was shown that the substitution by Nb of Ta-site in SBT has a pronounced impact on the Raman band around 810 cm− 1, which is assigned to the symmetric stretching modes of the (Ta,Nb)O6 octahedra, leading to the shifting and splitting of this mode. At the same time Nb substitution does not significantly influence on the low frequency Raman modes of SBT. Unexpectedly, we observed the nonmonotonic shift of the Raman band around 810 cm− 1, namely: from 810 cm− 1 (for pure SBT) to ~ 830 cm− 1 (for SBTN with 20–40 wt.% of Nb) and then back to 811 cm− 1 with increasing Nb content up to 50 wt. %. We assume that these changes are conditioned by the ferrodistortion occurring in ferroic perovskites, namely by the tilting distortion of (Ta,Nb)O6 octahedra at (20–50) wt. % of Nb. The octahedral tilting distortion can change the coordination environment of the A-cite cation, as well as it lowers the SBTN symmetry due to the differences in ionic radius and mass between Ta and Nb in the B-sites, that can lead to significant changes of the SBNT crystal structure and symmetry when 50 wt. % of Ta ions is substituted by Nb ions. The same nonmonotonic trends were observed for the ferroelectric perovskite phase fraction and remanent polarization on Nb content in SBTN films. Landau-Devonshire approach is used to explain the experimentally observed nonmonotonic dependence of the ferroelectric perovskite phase fraction and remanent polarization on Nb content in SBTN films, at that the form of the dependence strongly resembles the shift of the Raman band of symmetric stretching modes of the (Ta,Nb)O6 octahedra. Thus, the combination of micro-Raman spectroscopy with X-ray diffraction, ferroelectric measurements and phenomenological description allow to establish the influence of Nb doping on the lattice dynamics, microstructure, phase composition and ferroelectric properties of the SBTN thin films.
LWDS: LightWeight DeepSeagrass Technique for Classifying Seagrass from Underwater Images
Authors: M Asha Paul , K Sampath Kumar , Sagar Shrdda , S Sreeji
Published: November 2022

In many coastal areas around the world, the seagrasses provide an essential source of livelihood for many civilizations and support high levels of biodiversity. Seagrasses are highly valuable, as they provide habitat for numerous fish, endangered sea cows, Dugong dugons, and sea turtles. The health of seagrasses is being threatened by many human activities. The process of seagrass conservation requires the annotation of every seagrass species within the seagrass family. The manual annotation procedure is time-consuming and lacks objectivity and uniformity. Automatic annotation based on Lightweight Deep Seagrass (LWDS) is proposed to solve this problem. LWDS computes combinations of various resized input images and various neural network structures, to determine the ideal reduced image size and neural network structure with satisfactory accuracy and within a reasonable computation time. The main advantage of this LWDS is it classifies the seagrasses quickly and with lesser parameters. The deepseagrass dataset is used to test LWDS's applicability.
Rapid Flexible Clamping Technology with Intelligent Self-adjustment Ability for Low Rigidity Aviation Stringer Parts
Authors: LI Te , Lan Tian , LIU HAIBO , LI KEMING , liu kuo , bo qile , wang yongqing
Published: November 2022

Aviation stringer parts usually serve as the important load-bearing and connecting parts, which are widely used in aviation equipment. In the process of blank forming and transportation, the stringer parts are easy to occur irregular deformation due to low rigidity feature. In order to ensure the machining accuracy, deformation adjustment by fixtures becomes a key process step before CNC machining. In order to solve the problems of deformation adjustment clamping, the rapid flexible clamping technology with intelligent adjustment ability is developed for a kind of typical aviation stringer parts. Firstly, the process of parts deformation correction is analyzed, and the basic mechanism of clamping and deformation correction is given out. On this basis, a modular intelligent fixture is designed by finite element simulation optimization. The fixture can meet the flexible clamping requirements of stringer parts by increasing or decreasing the arrayed fixture units. Then an intelligent self-adjusting clamping control method based on the fuzzy-PID control theory is proposed, which can realize rapid clamping and deformation correction of aviation stringer parts. Finally, a set of intelligent fixture system is developed and tested. The experiment results prove the effectiveness of the fixture design and self-adjusting clamping control method. Compared with manual fixture, the developed fixture system greatly reduces the labor intensity and improves the clamping efficiency by about 5 times.
Operando NMR Spectroscopy Reveals an Oxygen Blocking Mechanism in Formate Electrosynthesis
Authors: Xu Bei-Bei , Liu Ying , Liu Yuanwei , You Xiaomeng , Xu Yi Ning , Zhou Hang , Liu Peng Fei , Wang Haifeng , Yang Huagui , Wang Xue-Lu , Yao Ye-Feng
Published: November 2022

The affinity of oxygen (O)-bound species on metal sites is a key step in CO2reduction (CO2R) reactions (including C1and C2+products), although existing experimental methods cannot quantitatively track the oxygen atoms active within CO2R reactions in real time owing to the rapid exchange of atoms with the surrounding solvent. Among the diversified products from CO2R reactions, the formate possesses the highest profit per mole of electrons. Here we report an operando electrochemical nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method to study CO2reduction reactions. By applying operando electrochemical NMR and isotope labeling, we found that the C and O atoms of CO2exchange rapidly with the C and O atoms in the electrolyte solution, and the remaining CO2molecules exist in CO2-H2O cluster formations. From Cu to bimetallic Cu-based materials (Bi2CuO4and In2Cu2O5) by introducing additional metal adsorption sites, the interface H2O pull solving CO2molecules together for adsorption and the O of adsorbed H2O was directly involved in the formate (HCOO) formation through the oxygen blocking mechanism, resulting in the selectivity of formate increased from 34.2–98%. Through the oxygen blocking mechanism, co-adsorbed OH/H2O species can actives the nearby CO to regenerate COOH intermediate and effectively block the dissociation of CO, thereby improving the selectivity of the liquid formate product. We foresee applications of this NMR method in understanding more detailed structure-activity relationships for CO2R reactions and other electrochemical systems.
The effect of puzzle game-based training in coronary artery bypass graft surgery on the level of knowledge and cognitive function of operating room technology students: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Khorammakan Reza , Omid Athar , Mirmohammadsadeghi Mohsen , Ghadami Ahmad
Published: November 2022

Background:Since traditional training methods have not been able to provide effective training to operating room students and due to the advancement of training technology,high quality learning requires an advanced training program and a change in the training approach towards empowering students with a self-directed method,seems necessary.
Objectives:determining the effect of puzzle game-based training in CABG surgery on the level of knowledge and cognitive function of operating room technology students.
Methods and materials:This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental single-group pre-test-post-test,during which,after designing an online puzzle game including various stages of surgery(from the preparation of the patient to surgical sutures and the necessary equipment to perform each stage),18 persons from the third-year operating room technology students who met the inclusion criteria entered the study and participated in the knowledge and cognitive function test, whose validity and reliability were measured, before the intervention and 14 days after the intervention(using a puzzle game).Data were analyzed using descriptive and Wilcoxon statistical tests.
Results:After 2 Participants were excluded,16 persons(93.80 percent)of the students present in the study were woman and their average scores of the end of semester theoretical course of cardiac surgery technology were 15.19±2.30.The average scores of knowledge and cognitive function of students in the post-intervention phase were significantly higher than the pre-intervention phase(P<0.0001).
Conclusion:The use of puzzle game for teaching CABG surgery is effective in improving the knowledge and cognitive function of students and it can be used as a supplementary training tool to prepare students for operating room technology before entering the clinical environment,so that can have a more effective presence in the CABG surgery room.
Title：Severe lymphopenia as a prognostic factor in rectal cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a retrospective study Running head: lymphopenia related with DFS in rectal cancer
Authors: Li Shuang , Yao Weiping , Liu Ruiqi , Zhang Haibo , Lu Yanwei , Liang Xiaodong
Published: November 2022

Purposes: The relationship between total lymphocyte counts (TLCs) and survival is not well documented in rectal cancer. This study aimed to investigate the association between TLCs and disease-free survival (DFS) and identify factors associated with lymphopenia in locally advanced rectal cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy.
Methods: Thirty-six patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were retrospectively analyzed. TLCs were evaluated before surgery (pre-S), before radiotherapy (pre-RT), and during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The relationship between TLCs and DFS was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Potential clinical factors associated with lymphopenia were also evaluated.
Results: Median TLC declined significantly during radiotherapy. Severe lymphopenia during CCRT was significantly associated with poorer DFS on Kaplan-Meier analysis (p=0.01), univariate regression analysis (p=0.036), and multivariate regression analysis (p=0.038). Pre-S TLCs (p=0.009) and pre-RT TLCs (p=0.042) were significantly associated with severe lymphopenia on univariate regression analysis; however, only pre-S TLCs (p=0.026) were significantly associated with severe lymphopenia on multivariate regression analysis.
Conclusions: Severe lymphopenia was a predictor of poorer DFS in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer receiving adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Pre-S TLCs were predictors of severe lymphopenia. Further study is warranted to reduce the rate of severe lymphopenia.
Molecular dynamics simulations of the interaction between graphene and lubricating oil molecules
Authors: Hu Xianguo , Qiu Feng , Song Hui , Feng Weimin , Yang Zhiquan , Zhang Fei
Published: November 2022

The microscopic interaction between graphene and liquid lubricating oil molecules significantly affects the rheological and tribological properties of the solid-liquid lubricating system. In this study, the interaction between graphene and six kinds of alkane oil droplets with different chain lengths was investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. Interaction energy, atomic concentration distribution, mean square distribution, curvature, centroid, and inclination angle were used to quantitatively describe the effect of interaction differences on lubricating performance. The results demonstrated that with the increase of the carbon chain length, the alkane molecules transformed from a spherical oil droplet model to an ordered layered structure. At the same time, the interaction energy and the angle with the Z coordinate axis were further increased. The self-diffusion movement and the degree of molecular bending were reduced during the interaction, indicating that long-chain alkane molecules interact strongly with graphene, and a dense bilayer adsorption film was formed by horizontal adsorption on the surface of graphene, thus exerting a good lubricating effect. In addition, it was found that the increase in temperature was beneficial to the occurrence of the adsorption process, but high temperature is not conducive to the stable adsorption of alkane molecules on the surface of graphene.
Distributed Compact Plasma Reactor Sterilization for Planetary Protection in Space Missions
Authors: Choudhury Bhaswati , Revazishvili Tamara , Lozada Maria , Roy Sarthak , Mastro Emma Noelle , Portugal Sherlie , Roy Subrata
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a proof-of-concept study establishing effectiveness of the Active Plasma Sterilizer (APS) for sterilization in planetary protection. The APS uses Compact Portable Plasma Reactors (CPPRs) to produce surface dielectric barrier discharge, a type of cold plasma, using ambient air to generate and distribute reactive species like ozone used for decontamination. Sterilization tests were performed with pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) on materials (Aluminum, Polycarbonate, Kevlar and Orthofabric) relevant to space missions. Results show that the APS can achieve 4 to 5 log reductions of pathogenic bacteria on four selected materials, simultaneously at 11 points within 30 minutes, using power of 13.2 +/- 2.22 W. Spatial sterilization data shows the APS can uniformly sterilize several areas of a contaminated surface within 30 minutes. Ozone penetration through Kevlar and Orthofabric layers was achieved using the CPPR with no external agent assisting penetration. Preliminary material compatibility tests with SEM analysis of the APS exposed materials showed no significant material damage. Thus, this study shows the potential of the APS as a lightweight sustainable sterilization technology for planetary protection with advantages of uniform spatial decontamination, low processing temperatures, low exposure times, material compatibility and the ability to disinfect porous surfaces.
Estimates of building-specific average annual loss reveal insights into U.S. homeowner flood risk
Authors: Rahim Md Adilur , Friedland Carol J , Mostafiz Rubayet Bin , Rohli Robert V , Bushra Nazla
Published: November 2022

Accurate economic loss assessment for natural hazards is vital for planning, mitigation, and actuarial purposes. The widespread and costly nature of flood hazards, with the economically disadvantaged disproportionately victimized, makes flood risk assessment particularly important. Here, flood risk is assessed as incurred by the homeowner vs. by the flood insurer for insured U.S. properties through the derivation of average annual loss (AAL). AAL is estimated and partitioned using Monte Carlo simulation at the individual home scale considering insurance coverage and deductible, and home freeboard (i.e., elevation of the first floor above the base flood elevation), to determine the homeowners’ AAL proportion (i.e., apportionment factor) for building and contents, distinguished from that borne by the insurer. In general, AAL estimates suggest that a large portion of the U.S. property flood risk is borne by flood insurer. The flood insurance policy deductible directly influences the apportionment factor whereby higher deductibles leave homeowners with higher annual risk; however, the apportionment factor remains relatively insensitive to coverage values, especially for higher coverage amounts. The homeowner’s flood risk is further reduced by freeboard, with AAL following an exponential decay trend as freeboard increases, but the apportionment factor appears relatively insensitive to freeboard. These results reveal new perspectives about how flood insurance protects homeowners from flood risk. In general, results inform the proactive decision-making process that allows homeowners to self-assess their degree of preparation and vulnerability to the devastating economic impacts of flood.
Simultaneous Multimodal fNIRS-EEG Recordings Reveal New Insights in Neural Activity During Motor Execution, Observation, and Imagery
Authors: Su Wan-Chun , Dashtestani Hadis , Miguel Helga O. , Condy Emma , Buckley Aaron , Park Soongho , Perreault John B. , Nguyen Thien , Zeytinoglu Selin , Millerhagen John , Fox Nathan , Gandjbakhche Amir
Published: November 2022

Motor execution, observation, and imagery are important skills used in motor learning and rehabilitation. The neural mechanisms underlying these cognitive-motor processes are still poorly understood. We used a simultaneous recording of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalogram (EEG) to elucidate the differences in neural activity across three conditions requiring these processes. Additionally, we used a new method called structured sparse multiset Canonical Correlation Analysis (ssmCCA) to fuse the fNIRS and EEG data and determine the brain regions of neural activity consistently detected by both modalities. Unimodal analyses revealed differentiated activation between conditions; however, the activated regions did not fully overlap across the two modalities (fNIRS: left pre- and post-central, right angular gyrus; EEG: bilateral central, right frontal, and parietal). These discrepancies might be because fNIRS and EEG detect different signals. Using fused fNIRS-EEG data, we consistently found activation over the left inferior parietal lobe, superior marginal gyrus, and post-central gyrus during all three conditions, suggesting that our multimodal approach identifies a shared neural region associated with the Action Observation Network (AON). This study highlights the strengths of using the multimodal fNIRS-EEG fusion technique for studying AON. Neural researchers should consider using the multimodal approach to validate their findings.
Denosumab for Osteoporosis in Patients With Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Renal Insufficiency
Authors: Gronskaia Sofia , Belaya Zhanna , Rozhinskaya Liudmila , Mamedova Elizaveta , Vorontsova Maria , Solodovnikov Alexander , Golounina Olga , Melnichenko Galina
Published: November 2022

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by hypercalcemia. The only curative treatment is parathyroidectomy. However, patients are often ineligible or decline surgery. Denosumab (Dmab) is an antiresorptive pharmaceutical alternative. The effects of exposure to Dmab in subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and PHPT are unknown.
Purpose:We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of denosumab in postmenopausal women with PHPT- related osteoporosis and CKD.
Methods: Women over 50 years of age with PHPT or postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) were retrospectively recruited into this longitudinal study. These PHPT and PMO groups were further categorized into four subgroups based on the presence of CKD (Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min/1.73mBI): patients with PHPT with and without CKD and patients with PMO with and without CKD. All patients were given denosumab over 24 months due to verified osteoporosis. The primary outcomes were changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and serum calcium levels.
Results: 145 postmenopausal women median age 69 [63;77] were recruited and assigned to one of the subgroups. Denosumab treatment significantly increased BMD (median ΔT-score: L1-L4 +0.65 (p<0.001), femur neck +0.3 (p=0.012); radius 33% +0.2 (p<0.05)) in PHPT-related osteoporosis and CKD at 24 months. Changes in BMD were similar in all study groups compared to baseline. A marked decline in calcium was noted in the primary study group of PHPT with CKD (median ΔCa = -0.24 mmol/L p<0.001), compared to PHPT without CKD (median ΔCa = -0.08 mmol/L p<0.001) and PMO with or without CKD. Denosumab treatment was well-tolerated with no serious adverse events.
Conclusion: Denosumab treatment was similarly effective at increasing BMD in patients with PHPT and PMO with and without renal insufficiency. The calcium lowering effects of denosumab were most significant in patients with PHPT and CKD. The safety of denosumab did not differ among participants with and without CKD.