bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MICROTROMBICULA PELTIFERA, A NEW SUBSTITUTE NAME FOR M. MICROSCUTA STEKOLNIKOV, AL-GHAMDI, ALAGAILI AND MAKEPEACE, 2019 (ACARIFORMES, TROMBICULIDAE)
Authors: Stekolnikov Alexandr A. , Schmidt Karl-Heinz
Published: December 2021

Microtrombicula peltifera nom. n. is proposed as a new substitute name to replace M. microscuta Stekolnikov, Al-Ghamdi, Alagaili and Makepeace, 2019, which was found to be a junior homonym of M. microscuta Zhao, Liang and Qu, 1989. Morphological differences between M. peltifera and M. microscuta are given.
EFECTOS DEL CIPIONATO Y BENZOATO DE ESTRADIOL EN VAQUILLAS MESTIZAS SOBRE EL PORCENTAJE DE PREÑEZ
Authors: Vera Alava Hjalmar , Pedroso Sosa Rodolfo , Hidalgo Bravo Gustavo
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto del Cipionato de Estradiol (ECP), al momento del retiro del dispositivo vaginal de Progesterona o el Benzoato de Estradiol (BE), 24 horas más tarde sobre la tasa de preñez en vaquillas inseminadas a tiempo fijo (IATF). Se seleccionaron 72 vaquillas mestizas Bos indicus x Bos taurus de condición corporal 3,0 a 3,5 (Escala 1 al 5), peso corporal entre 300 a 400 kilos. Los animales fueron divididos en tres grupos A, B y C, en todos los animales se les sincronizó el estro mediante el uso de BE + Progesterona (DIB 0.5) + Prostaglandina F2-Alfa. Se indujo ovulación administrando a los grupos A y B, Cipionato de Estradiol 0,5 y 1 miligramo, el día cero al retirar el dispositivo vaginal de progesterona. Al grupo C, se administró 1 miligramo de Benzoato de Estradiol a las 24 horas de finalizado el tratamiento con progesterona. La administración de ECP en dosis 0,5 miligramo, mostró la mejor uniformidad en la manifestación del celo, mayor porcentaje de concepción 68,1% y preñez 62,5% que el resto de los grupos tratados, con respecto al peso corporal no influyo sobre la preñez. Se concluye que administrar ECP en dosis baja a las cero horas de finalizado el tratamiento con progesterona mostró unos mejores indicadores sobre los porcentajes de preñez como también permite disminuir un día en las labores de campo con adecuadas tasas de preñez, no obstante, el rango de 300 a 400 kg de peso corporal al inicio de tratamiento no tuvo efecto en la fertilidad en vaquillas mestizas Bos indicus x Bos taurus.
EFECTOS DE LOS REGÍMENES DE RIEGO SOBRE EL RENDIMIENTO Y EL USO DEL AGUA DEL CALABACÍN (Cucurbita pepo L.) EN CONDICIONES DE CAMPO
Authors: Gil-Marín José Alexander , Cordova-Rodriguez María Ximena , Montaño-Mata Nelson
Published: December 2021

El presente trabajo se realizó en el sector San Vicente, Municipio Maturín Estado Monagas, Venezuela entre los meses de junio-septiembre del 2015, con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de cuatro láminas de riego sobre el rendimiento, producción, la calidad de los frutos y eficiencia en el uso del agua en el cultivar Shiraz de calabacín (Cucurbita pepo L.). Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones, con arreglo de parcelas divididas, donde la parcela principal fueron las diferentes láminas de riego. La parcela principal tuvo dimensiones de 10 m de largo por 3 m de ancho, en la misma se instalaron 4 líneas regantes separadas a 1 m. Se aplicaron cuatro criterios de riego consistentes en reponer el equivalente al 60%, 80%, 100% y 120% de la evapotranspiración del cultivo (ETc). Los parámetros medidos fueron los componentes productivos y rendimiento planta (t/ha). Un tanque evaporímetro tipo “A” se utilizó para estimar la evapotranspiración del calabacín. El tratamiento 120% ETc permitió el máximo rendimiento y calidad (en términos de frutos/planta, longitud, diámetro y peso de la fruta), y la mayor EUA. El máximo rendimiento obtenido fue de 33,39 t/ha. Todas las funciones de producción del rendimiento y de los parámetros de calidad del fruto obedecen a una ecuación matemática del tipo lineal con un alto valor de coeficiente de determinación R2 por encima del 90%. El factor de respuesta del rendimiento del cultivo de calabacín (2,35); mayor de 1 indica que este cultivo es muy susceptible al déficit de agua.
ELABORACIÓN DE UN HIDROLIZADO DE PROTEÍNA DE ANCHOVETA (Engraulis ringens) EN POLVO
Authors: Roldán A. David , Omote-Sibina JR. , Molleda O. Andrés
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del trabajo fue elaborar un hidrolizado de proteína en polvo utilizando anchoveta sin cabeza y eviscerado (HG) y determinar sus características sensoriales, físico-químicos y microbiológicos. En el proceso de hidrólisis se evaluaron siete proteasas comerciales. La actividad hidrolítica de las proteasas fue evaluada utilizando los valores de grados Brix no corregido (oBx ref.) y grado de hidrólisis (GH%). El flujo experimental para elaborar el hidrolizado en polvo fue: recepción de anchoveta HG, lavado, molido, pesado y mezclado, adición de proteasa y agua, hidrolizado con agitación, filtrado, centrifugado, deshidratado, envasado y almacenado. Las proteasas comerciales que presentaron mayor GH% sobre las proteínas de anchoveta fueron Protex 6L y Protamex con Flavourzyme 1000L. Las dosis de Protamex 0,2 % y Flavourzyme 1000L de 0,4 % respectivamente, en relación al peso de la materia prima, alcanzaron los mayores valores de oBx ref. (11,50) y GH% (39,0 %) a las 2 horas de proceso. El hidrolizado de proteínas de anchoveta en polvo presentó textura de polvo y suave al tacto, de color  beige con tonos claros. El sabor y olor fueron ligeros a pescado. Presentó 77,13 % de proteína, 10,727 g de lisina/100 de producto y la baja carga microbiana confirmo las adecuadas condiciones sanitarias en su elaboración.
EVALUACIÓN DE LA VIABILIDAD DE SEMILLAS DE SACHA INCHI Plukenetia volubilis L. Conservadas a 4°C
Authors: Carrillo Fredesvinda , Rucabado Ana Laura
Published: December 2021

El sacha inchi Plukenetia voluvilis L., es una especie nativa y cultivo promisorio de la Amazonia peruana, que tiene propiedades nutricionales (omega 3) benéficos para el organismo humano, por ello el interés de estudiar y evaluar el tiempo de conservación bajo condiciones particulares. El objetivo del presente trabajo, fue evaluar la viabilidad de las semillas de sacha Inchi conservadas en cámara fría, con contenidos de humedad entre 4.0 a 7.5%, durante ocho años de almacenamiento. Se emplearon 27 accesiones de sacha inchi, cuyas semillas fueron escarificadas en forma parcial y total, y se remojaron en agua destilada por 12 horas, luego fueron desinfectadas con captan al 3% (fungicida). Las semillas escarificadas en forma total de 27 accesiones se sembraron sobre papel toalla humedecido con agua destilada y ubicadas en la germinadora bajo condiciones controladas de luz y temperatura, mientras que las semillas de las accesiones escarificadas parcialmente se sembraron en bandejas para almácigos las cuales contenianuna mezcla de arena, musgo y fibra de coco, y ubicadas en un tinglado al medio ambiente. Los resultados muestran que el proceso de germinación en semillas escarificadas ubicadas en la germinadora se inicia a los 12 días y 20 días en las semillas parcialmente escarificadas y ubicadas en el tinglado. La viabilidad de las semillas después de ocho años de conservación en cámara fría, fue de 80 -100% en el 44 % del material evaluado. Además, se comprobó que sacha inchi tiene comportamiento ortodoxo, y se puede conservar con contenido de humedad entre 4,0 a 7,5%.
Dietary Intake of Hydrolyzable Tannins and Condensed Tannins to Regulate Lipid Metabolism
Authors: He Yuming , Yuan Chengfu , Li Yuanyang , Zhu Leiqi , Guo Chong , Xue Mengzhen , Xia Fangqi , Wang Yaqi , Jia Dengke , Li Luoying , Gao Yan , Shi Yue
Published: December 2021

Lipid metabolism disorder is a multifactor issue, which contributes to several serious health consequences, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver, etc. Tannins, applied as naturally derived plants, are commonly used in the study of lipid metabolism disease with excellent safety and effectiveness while producing less toxic and side effects. Meanwhile, recognition of the significance of dietary tannins in lipid metabolism disease prevention has increased. As suggested by existing evidence, dietary tannins can reduce lipid accumulation, block adipocyte differentiation, enhance antioxidant capacity, increase the content of short-chain fatty acids, and lower blood lipid levels, thus alleviating lipid metabolism disorder. This study is purposed to sum up and analyze plenty of documents on tannins, so as to provide the information required to assess the lipid metabolism of tannins.
A New Procedure for the Preparation of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one and Octahydroquinazolinone Derivatives catalyzed by SCMNPs@CA-EASO3H under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Yahyazadeh Asieh , Nafei-Kohi Motahare , Abbaspour-Gilandeh Esmayeel , Aghaei-Hashjin Mehraneh
Published: December 2021

3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one and octahydroquinazolinone derivatives were obtained in
high-to-excellent yields and short reaction times using SCMNPs@CA-EA-SO3H as a green and heterogeneous
solid acid catalyst in a one-pot multi-component condensation of ethyl acetoacetate or dimedone,
urea, and aldehyde compounds under solvent-free conditions. More importantly, the green catalytic
system could be easily collected from the reaction solution utilizing an external magnet and reused
for five runs with a negligible decrease in yields and reaction rate.
Identification of Potential Inhibitors for Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome-related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Angiotensin-converting
Enzyme 2 and the Main Protease from Anatolian Traditional Plants
Authors: Kılınç Namık , Açar Mikail , Tuncay Salih , Karasakal Ömer Faruk
Published: December 2021

Background:

The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused a global health
catastrophe by affecting the human population around the globe. Unfortunately, there is no specific medication
or treatment currently available for COVID-19.

Objective:

It is extremely important to find effective drug treatment in order to put an end to this pandemic
period and return to normal daily life. In this context and considering the urgency, rather than focusing
on the discovery of novel compounds, it is critical to explore the effects of existing herbal agents with
proven antiviral properties on the virus.

Method:

Molecular docking studies were carried out employing three different methods, Glide extra
precision (XP) docking, induced fit docking (IFD), and molecular mechanics/generalized born surface
area (MM/GBSA), to determine the potential antiviral and antibacterial effects of 58 phytochemicals present
in Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymbra spicata, Satureja thymbra, and Stachys lavandulifolia plants
against the main protease (Mpro) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) enzymes.

Results:

7 compounds stood out among all the molecules, showing very high binding affinities. According
to our findings, the substances chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, and rosmanol exhibited extremely
significant binding affinities for both Mpro and ACE2 enzymes. Furthermore, carnosic acid and alphacadinol
showed potent anti-Mpro activity, whereas caffeic acid and carvacrol exhibited promising anti-
ACE2 activity.

Conclusion:

Chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, rosmanol, carnosic acid, alpha-cadinol, caffeic acid, and
carvacrol compounds have been shown to be powerful anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents in docking simulations
against Mpro and ACE2 enzymes, as well as ADME investigations.
Satisfaction and Adherence to Biological Treatment in Patients with Rheumatic
Diseases
Authors: Hammad Marwa , Bakry Huny
Published: December 2021

Background:

Autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases have long been treated by
conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Biological therapy is a new era in the treatment
of rheumatic diseases, but satisfaction and adherence to it is still not well tested.

Aim:

To assess the satisfaction and adherence to biological treatment among patients with autoimmune
inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Methods:

A cross sectional study was conducted among 56 patients suffering from inflammatory
rheumatic diseases using Morisky 8 questionnaire and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for
Medication (TSQM) over a period of one month.

Results:

About 76.8 % of the patients had medium adherence and the underlying cause of missing
doses was the unavailability of the drugs. The mean satisfaction with biological treatment was
62.7±6.9. Patients who did not receive formal education had significantly higher satisfaction with
the biological treatment than others 64.94±5.01 at a P value 0.04 (<0.05).

Conclusion:

Patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases in our study showed medium adherence
and satisfaction. Authorities in the medical field are providing great help to these patients in
need of biological therapy, but ensuring the availability of all doses of the biological treatment regimen
is still necessary. Patient, family and nurse education programs are also necessary to maximize
adherence and satisfaction.
Radiology During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mapping Radiology Literature
in 2020
Authors: AlRyalat Saif Aldeen , Al-Ryalat Nosaiba , Malkawi Lna , Abu Salhiyeh Ala'a , Abualteen Faisal , Abdallah Ghaida , Al Omari Bayan
Published: December 2021

Objectives:

Our aim was to assess articles published in the field of radiology, nuclear
medicine, and medical imaging in 2020 and analyze the linkage of radiology-related topics with
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) through literature mapping along with a bibliometric analysis
for publications.

Methods:

We performed a search on the Web of Science Core Collection database for articles in
the field of radiology, nuclear medicine, and medical imaging published in 2020. We analyzed the
included articles using VOS viewer software, where we analyzed the co-occurrence of keywords,
representing major topics discussed. Of the resulting topics, a literature map was created and linkage
analysis was done.

Results:

A total of 24,748 articles were published in the field of radiology, nuclear medicine, and
medical imaging in 2020. We found a total of 61,267 keywords; only 78 keywords occurred more
than 250 times. COVID-19 had 449 occurrences, 29 links, with a total link strength of 271. MRI
was the topic most commonly appearing in 2020 radiology publications, while “computed tomography”
had the highest linkage strength with COVID-19, with a linkage strength of 149, representing
54.98% of the total COVID-19 linkage strength, followed by “radiotherapy, and “deep and machine
learning”. The top cited paper had a total of 1,687 citations. Nine out of the 10 most cited articles
discussed COVID-19 and included “COVID-19” or “coronavirus” in their title, including the
top cited paper.

Conclusion:

While MRI was the topic that dominated, CT had the highest linkage strength with
COVID-19 and represented the topic of top cited articles in 2020 radiology publications.
Antibacterial Activity of the Phenolic Extract of Wild Virgin Olive Oil In Vitro
Authors: Bouarroudj-Hamici Khalida , Mettouchi Soraya , Medjkouh-Rezzak Lynda , Larbat Romain , Tamendjari Abderezak
Published: December 2021

Background:

The olive tree (Olea europaea L.), the most widespread plant species in
the Mediterranean basin, includes two forms: cultivated (var Europaea) and wild (var Sylvestris).
Wild olive trees or oleasters cover large areas in Algeria. It has been shown that oil from oleaster
has a higher content of phenolic compounds, which could have antimicrobial properties.

Objective::

The objective of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts
from four Algerian oleaster oils and an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) from Chemlal variety.

Methods:

Phenolic compounds were determined by UHPLC-MS. Antibacterial activity was tested
against six referenced human enteropathogenic bacteria by the agar disc diffusion method by measuring
the diameters of the zone of inhibition.

Results:

The results revealed a similarity between the phenolic composition of oleasters 1 and 3
and between oleaster 4 and EVOO; however, the phenolic composition of oleaster 2 that the poorer
was markedly different with a higher content of free phenolic alcohols and lower in secoiridoids.
Almost all bacteria showed to be sensitive against the antibiotics, with the value of ZOI ranging
from 5-32 mm; otherwise, most of the oleaster extracts exhibited higher antibacterial activity than
the EVOO with ZOI values of 7-12mm. A significant correlation was noted between phenolic content
and antibacterial activity.

Conclusion:

These results show that oleaster oil can be considered a high potential food.
Cones of Coniferous Taxa as a Potential Source of Bioactive Polyphenols
Authors: Hofmann Tamás , Albert Levente , Bocz Balázs , Bocz Dániel , Visi-Rajczi Eszter
Published: December 2021

Background:

Coniferous cones are a by-product of forestry and wood logging, used for
many possible purposes, e.g., the extraction of polyphenols. Objective: The aim of the present article
was the comparison of the antioxidant polyphenol content of the differently matured cones of
17 selected conifers, either common in Hungary or yet uninvestigated.

Methods:

Total polyphenol content, ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
assays were used to determine the antioxidant contents. A scoring system was implemented
using the three assay results to evaluate and compare the overall antioxidant power of the samples.

Result and Conclusion:

Highest antioxidant contents were found in green cones, followed by mature
and opened cones. Taxa with the highest scores were Tsuga canadensis, Cryptomeria japonica,
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, Thuja orientalis, Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Picea abies. For
the samples with the highest overall antioxidant power the high-performance liquid chromatographic/
tandem mass spectrometric polyphenol profiling was carried out (green cones of T. canadensis
and P. abies) and 83 compounds have been tentatively identified and described. Results contribute
to the future bioactivity testing and evaluation of the cone extracts of T. canadensis and P. abies.
Optimization of Microwave-assisted Extraction of Carotenoids from Citrus clementina Peels
Authors: Kadi Ahcene , Boudries Hafid , Bachir-bey Mostapha , Teffane Mohand , Taibi Abdeslem , Boulekbache-Makhlouf Lila
Published: December 2021

Background:

Citrus fruits, especially clementines, are among the most consumed fruits in the world. Clementine consists of pulp (endocarp) and peel (epicarp) which are rich in carotenoids. After using fruit pulp, peels are usually discarded as waste; the valorization of the latter in the recovery of its beneficial components, mainly carotenoids, may seem to be important.

Objective:

The main objective of this study is to determine the optimal conditions allowing the extraction of a high carotenoids yield from clementine peels.

Methods:

The microwave-assisted extraction method (MAE) was applied for extraction of total carotenoids from Citrus clementina peels, and the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the influence of extraction parameters, including hexane concentration, microwave power, irradiation time, and solvent to solid ratio, on the extraction yield, then the results were modeled using a second order regression. Total carotenoids yield of clementine peel extract obtained under optimal microwave-assisted extraction conditions was compared to extracts performed using two conventional extraction methods (maceration and Soxhlet).

Results:

The optimal conditions for microwave-assisted extraction were 68 % of hexane concentration using 561 W of microwave power during 7.64 min of irradiation time, 43 ml/g of solvent-tosolid ratio using two successive extractions. Under optimized conditions of microwave-assisted extraction, the recovery of carotenoid content was 186.55 μg/g dry matter (DM), which was higher than that obtained by the two conventional methods, maceration extraction (ME; 160.53 μg/g DM) and Soxhlet extraction (SE; 162.68 μg/g DM).

Conclusion:

From this study, it can be concluded that microwave-assisted extraction is an efficient method for carotenoid recovery and considering its high yield in reduced time, it could be recommended for extraction of these bioactive compounds from clementine peels.
Natural Organic Matter (NOM) Transformations and their Effects on Water Treatment Process: A Contemporary Review
Authors: Karnena Manoj Kumar , Konni Madhavi , Dwarapureddi Bhavya Kavitha , Saritha Vara
Published: December 2021

One of the several significant concerns related to water treatment plants is the transformation of natural organic matter (NOM) concerning quality and quantity due to the changing climatic conditions. The NOM consists of heterogeneous functionalized groups. Phenolic and carboxyl groups are the dominant groups that are pH-dependent and show a stronger affinity towards the metals. Properties of natural organic matter and trace elements govern the binding kinetics, influencing cations' binding to functionalized groups at lower pH. The water treatment process mechanisms like adsorption, coagulation, membrane filtration, and ion exchange efficiencies are sturdily influenced by the presence of NOM with cations and by the natural organic matter alone. The complexation among the natural organic matter and coagulants enhances the removal of NOM from the coagulation processes. The current review illustrates detailed interactions between natural organic matter and the potential impacts of cations on NOM in the water and wastewater treatment facilities.
Diffusion and Surface Reaction in Porous Cubical Catalyst: A
Mathematical Approach
Authors: Ghosh Sourav , Pal Dipankar
Published: December 2021

Background:

Catalysts are the most vital part of any chemical industry. Catalyst
is a substance that affects the rate of reaction, but the catalyst itself does not take part
in the reaction. Catalysts offer different pathways of reaction by diffusing the reactant
inside it to provide a large surface area within a small volume, thus, lowering the activation
energy of molecules for reaction. Most of the catalytic reactions take place in a liquid-
solid or gas-solid interface where catalysts are mostly porous in nature. Spherical and
cubic-shaped catalyst particles are commonly used in different industries.

Methods:

In the first phase of the present study, the physics behind the diffusion inside
the catalyst pellet has been discussed. In the second part, governing differential equations
have been established at a steady-state condition. For solving the differential equation,
the equation is made dimensionless. Physical boundary conditions were used to solve the
diffusion equation. The assumption of writing the differential equation of the reaction is
elementary. Then, the Thiele modulus is derived in terms of the reaction and geometrical
parameter (Length).

Results and Conclusion:

In the third part, the differential equation is solved for firstorder
reaction with some constant values of the Thiele modulus, and three-dimensional
plots are obtained using numerical analysis. After that, the obtained Thiele modulus and
effectiveness factor plot are compared to draw the conclusion of rate limiting reaction
and internal diffusion.
New Efficient Configurations for Sour Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Gadalla Mamdouh A. , Ghallab Ayat , Mansour Ahmed M. , Ashour Fatma H. , Elazab Hany A.
Published: December 2021

Background:

The environmental legislation on pollutant concentrations in
aqueous effluents tends to tighten and increase due to the huge efforts devoted as a response
to global warming and its related negative impact on our planet. As a result, sour
water must be handled and processed properly to provide a high quality of stripped water
with insignificant traces of NH3 and H2S. This approach must be achieved within the
minimum operating costs. This scientific research investigates the stripping configurations
of sour water effluents from various industries. The research also offers an insight
into different scenarios and configurations to accomplish set targets satisfying the environmental
law criteria.

Methods:

This research introduces a range of heat integration schemes for saving energy.
Further, vapor recompression “VRC” technique is opted for its ability to maximize energy
savings. This research also investigates the effect of operating and design variables on
the stripped water quality, such as feed temperature, feed location, reflux split, and steam
flow rate. The option of adding new equipment is also addressed to maximize heat integration
and enhance the efficiency of the process. Thus, several schemes and process
configurations are explored to treat the industrial sour water waste streams seeking better
efficiency. Those configurations differ from one another in heat integration layout and
VRC utilization. The energy efficiency and economics of the proposed configurations are
considered decisive factors in this research study. The case study adopted in this research
is based on published data taken from several iron and steel factories in South Korea
named POSCO (Pohang Iron and Steel Corporation).

Results:

The obtained results of the treated wastewater streams guarantee that the effluent
sour water obeys the standard environmental regulations, i.e., NH3 contents range
from 30 to 80 ppm and H2S concentration falls below 0.1 ppm. The obtained results of
the seven different scenarios are compared to the original case study. It is found that scenario
7 is the most economical solution saving 51.54 % of the total annual cost compared
to the original case study while satisfying the treated water environmental regulations
with a concentration of 3.19 ppm NH3 and 0.05 ppm H2S. Scenario 7 creates its own
steam, unlike the original case study where steam utility is needed extensively. However,
scenario 7 consumes 15 % more electricity than the original case study, but it also still
shows 56.34 % less than the overall utility cost.

Conclusion:

The optimum process configuration can be employed for other sour water purification
systems such as those used in petroleum refiners. An ongoing research work focuses
on the use of internal heat integration for more energy savings and economic improvement.
HIGH RISK PREGNANCY DETECTION USING TELEHEALTH-BASED SCREENING
Authors:   Midwiffery Undergraduated Program, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya, Fatmawati Fatmawati , Silvani Yulia , Dewi Mustika , Paramita S Ningrum , Dian I Rahma , Indriani Anin , Haryunita EP Rahma , Maduratna I Berliana ,   Midwiffery Undergraduated Program, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2021

High-risk pregnancy is a pregnancy that is likely to cause harm or complications to the mother and fetus. Given the high rate of disease transmission, the use of telehealth technology can be an effective and efficient way to deal with the spread of the virus. Telehealth is one solution to overcome the problem of access to health, with telehealth it can perform screening to detect high-risk pregnancies early, so that pregnant women can get continuous monitoring. Telehealth can operate as a filter that is able to expand and facilitate access to services, especially in the examination and screening of risks in pregnancy and can apply high risk detection instruments in pregnancy in applications, so as to facilitate decision making. Telehealth can detect high-risk pregnancies early, so that pregnant women can get continuous monitoring. The purpose of this activity is to conduct and determine the effectiveness of telehealth-based high-risk detection in pregnant women. The method of activity is in the form of community service through webinars and screenings which are carried out within 6 months online. The result of the activity is an increase in the knowledge of webinar respondents with an average pre-test value of 120 and post-test 157 out of a total of 200. Based on the results of screening using the SIBIDAN application, from 25 pregnant women in trimesters 1,2, and 3 who became respondents, the results were 52%, low risk group, 32% high risk group, and 16% very high-risk group. Therefore, further assistance, monitoring, and referral are needed to minimize pregnancy complications.
Rancang Bangun Fermentor Yogurt Susu Kambing Etawa dengan Sistem Kontrol Sensor pH 4502C dan Suhu DS18B20 Berbasis Arduino UNO R3
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Purwandaru Kresna , Faturrohman Denisya Eka ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Putri Anima Rahmatika ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Maghfiroh Rashieka Putri ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Ridhollah Muhammad Rifqi ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Dewi Luthfi Kurnia ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: December 2021

Yogurt merupakan produk pangan fermentasi yang terbuat dari susu probiotik, seperti susu kambing etawa yang umumnya menggunakan peran bakteri asam laktat Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophillus. Salah satu produsen yogurt yang menggunakan bahan susu kambing etawa yakni Goatzilla Farm and Café di Kabupaten Lumajang. Proses pembuatannya masih terhambat oleh fermentor yang sangat sederhana, kurang higenis, serta kondisi suhu dan pH fermentasi yang tidak stabil, sehingga dibutuhkan alternatif fermentor yang lebih optimal. Rancang bangun fermentor yogurt berkapasitas 18L dengan sistem kontrol pH 4502C dan suhu DS18B20 berbasis Arduino UNO R3 menjadi solusi yang ditawarkan, serta bertujuan agar proses fermentasi dan kualitas yogurt yang dihasilkan menjadi lebih baik. Arduino UNO R3 berfungsi sebagai pengendali utama dan pengendali komponen elektronika lainnya. Sensor suhu DS18B20 dan pH 4502C mengirim data tegangan secara real time dan otomatis kepada Arduino UNO R3 untuk diubah menjadi angka digital dan ditampilkan pada LCD 16x2. Hasil percobaan fermentor selama 2-8 jam menggunakan sensor suhu DS18B20 menunjukkan profil suhu stabil rentang 35oC-45oC, rata-rata %error 6.1%, dan menunjukkan performa kerja sensor suhu DS18B20 dapat bekerja dengan baik untuk mengukur suhu selama proses fermentasi yogurt. Sedangkan hasil percobaan menggunakan sensor pH 4502C menunjukkan profil nilai pH beragam pada rentang 5.1-6.8, rata-rata %error 12.6%, dan menunjukkan performa kerja sensor pH 4502C kurang baik apabila digunakan untuk mengukur pH yogurt. Nilai pH tersebut menunjukkan yogurt yang dihasilkan masih belum sesuai dengan standar SNI 2981-2009 yogurt dan perlakuan sensor pH perlu dioptimasi kembali
Anti-Obesity Properties of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum): Completing Puzzle using Computational Analysis
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Lailiyah Nurun Nafi’atul , Ibrahim Mutiara Dwirosita ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Fitriani Chunafa Ayu ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Hermanto Feri Eko ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145
Published: December 2021

Pepper (Piper nigrum) is one of the most common spices found in almost every food. Current knowledge informed that pepper regulates physiological activity in obesity. However, the exact mechanism is still poorly understood. This study determined the potential of piperine and piperidine as major compounds in pepper as GHSR-Ghrelin inhibitors due to over-activity of Ghrelin as appetite hormone in obesity. Molecular docking was performed to simulate the binding pattern of piperine and piperidine as GHSR-Ghrelin antagonist. The result showed that piperidine has a lower potential as GHSR-Ghrelin antagonist than piperine based on binding energy calculation and amino acid interaction. Further, piperine binding to GHSR could shift the Ghrelin binding site to the GHSR. In conclusion, piperine may act as an inhibitor of GHSR-Ghrelin interaction to prevent appetite behavior resulting in bodyweight loss in obesity.
In Silico Study of Vacuolin-1 as an Inhibitor of HSP27 for Precancerous Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Agustin Diah , Ulfah Mumtaz Nabila ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Aisyah Siti Nur ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Arumsari Pamuji Lestari ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Pertiwi Kadita Octavia ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145,   Research Center for Smart Molecules of Natural Genetics Resources (SMONAGENES), Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia 65145
Published: December 2021

Breast cancer has a great chance of being cured if it is diagnosed and treated properly in its early stage. The pre-cancer stage is an early stage of cancer development characterized by the overexpression of HSP27. Therefore, HSP27 can be a therapeutic target of cancer. This study aims to analyze whether vacuolin-1, a small drug compound known for its ability to inhibit metastasis, can inhibit HSP27 to prevent precancerous development in breast cancer, as well as its ADME and biosafety aspects. Protein & ligand structures were obtained from RCSB PDB and PubChem database. Preparation was performed with Discovery Studio and PyRx. Drug-likeness/ADME analysis was performed in Swiss-ADME web server. Biosafety analysis was performed in MetaTox web server. Molecular docking was performed using PyRx. The visualization of docking results was performed using Discovery Studio. The docking result between vacuolin-1 and HSP27 showed that vacuolin-1 can act as an HSP27 inhibitor by interacting with S78 residue of HSP27 and blocking its phosphorylation as well as depolymerization process. The drug-likeness characterization result of this compound showed that vacuolin-1 violates one of the four Lipinski's Rule of Five. Biosafety analysis showed that vacuolin-1 has a low toxicity level with an estimated LD50 around 13,016.65 mg/kg.
Spirulina platensis’s phycocyanobilin as an antiangiogenesis by inhibiting VEGFR2-VEGFA pathway in breast cancer: in silico study
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Jayanti Dewa Ayu Putu Ismartati Sukma , Abimanyu I Gede Agni ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Azzamudin Haidar ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145
Published: December 2021

Breast cancer is a cancer type that leads to many women deaths. The causes are from the primary tumour and other progressions such as metastatic and angiogenesis. Some therapy strategies have been developed to treat breast cancer, but they are not good enough for treating breast cancer progressions. Spirulina platensis has a phycocyanin and a phycocyanobilin, known as antioxidant and antiinflammatory bioactivities. This study identified anticancer activity of phycocyanobilin from Spirulina platensis. We also investigated the phycocyanobilin mechanism in breast cancer inhibition through VEGFR2-VEGFA pathway. In silico analysis was conducted the inhibition modelling of phycocyanobilin to the VEGF-VEGFR pathway. The VEGF and VEGFR proteins were taken out from Protein Data Bank (PDB) database and were prepared with BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2019. Phycocyanobilin as a ligand was obtained from PubChem and prepared with PyRx. The molecular docking was conducted using HEX 8.0.0 CUDA and the last step is the protein-ligand complexes were visualized and analyzed using BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2019. It results in five protein-ligand complexes in which the receptor-ligand complex VEGFR2-[VEGFA-phycocyanobilin] can inhibit the angiogenesis process by phycocyanobilin binds to VEGFA, and it prevents the angiogenesis process by blocks the VEGFR2 and stops VEGFA to bind with VEGFR2. Thus phycocyanobilin has potential as an anticancer agent especially in breast cancer as an antiangiogenesis.
In-Silico Analysis of Procyanidin Type-A Extracted From Cinnamon for Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Treatment
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Anandari Risma Nila , Minnah Siti Khaizatul ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Widadni Vidya Utami ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Safira Dona ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145
Published: December 2021

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common disease in developing countries. People with type-2 diabetes are at high risk of complications leading to disability and premature death. Procyanidin compounds in cinnamon have an insulin-like activity that can regulate normal blood sugar levels. This research aimed to investigate the interaction between α-glucosidase and α-amylase with procyanidin A and their potential for diabetes treatment therapy. Data mining receptor was downloaded from RCSB PDB and ligands from PubChem. Drug likeness properties were evaluated using SwissADME, while toxicity analysis was assessed using metatox. Molecular docking between α-glucosidase and α-amylase with procyanidin A was performed using HEX 8.0.0 and was visualized by Discovery Studio. Procyanidin A showed interaction with α-glucosidase by non-bonds interaction, including hydrogen, hydrostatic and hydrophobic bonds, while procyanidin A and α-amylase formed hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. Procyanidin A is an alternative treatment for T2DM with a variety of supportive chemical bonds. Procyanidin A has an excellent ability to inhibit activity α-glucosidase and α-amylase in the process of breaking down glucose in the intestines.
Virtual Screening of Mimosa pudica Secondary Metabolites as Hyaluronidase B Potential Inhibitor to Prevent Vespa velutina Venom Spreading
Authors:   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Rijalullah Muhammad Asyraf , Pramudya Muhammad Alif Imam ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Maisuroh Dalilatul ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Zain Dhiyaa Syahlaa Bianca Febrinnisa ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Kurniawan Nia ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Brawijaya University, Veteran Street, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, 65145,   Research Center for Smart Molecules of Natural Genetics Resources (SMONAGENES), Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia 65145
Published: December 2021

Vespa velutina, also known as the Yellow-legged hornet, is a wasp species native to Asia with a large distribution area in Indonesia. Hyaluronidase B in a wasp venom acts as a "spreading factor", which is the key at the beginning of envenomation. Shameplant (Mimosa pudica), a common plant in Indonesia, has shown the potential to be a hyaluronidase B inhibitor. This study aimed to analyze the potential of secondary metabolites in Shameplant as an inhibitor of V. velutina Hyaluronidase B base on their molecular interactions and as a topical drug base on physicochemical characteristics. In silico computational studies is performed to predict the binding modes of M. pudica compounds and hyaluronidase B enzyme. The secondary metabolites were retrieved from the PubChem database and screened using SwissADME. The seven metabolite compounds were docked with Hyaluronidase B and hyaluronan by HEX Cuda 8.0.0 program. Hyaluronidase B was also docked with its native ligand (hyaluronan) to validate the docking study. Three dimensional and 2D views were then evaluated using Discovery Studio 2016. Results of this study are all compounds do not have the same molecular interaction with the control. It defines no inhibition of the interaction on the active side. Mimopudine is the most potent inhibitor of hyaluronidase B based on its binding energy. While, jasmonic acid is the only compound that meets the physicochemical parameter of the topical drug.
Production, Evaluation, Cultivation and In vitro Fertilization of Cattle Oocytes: Recent Trends in Reproductive Biotechnologies in Animal Breeding : A Review
Authors: Pleshkov Vladimir Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of assessing reproductive biotechnology for cattle breeding. The issues of obtaining genetic material from bulls-producers and oocytes from donor cows, for their further cultivation and obtaining embryos, in order to replicate highly productive offspring from valuable animals, are considered. Oocyte production was analyzed in three different ways: puncture, section, and aspiration. A total number of 156 oocyte-cumulus complexes (OCCs) were collected out of 40 ovaries by puncture – 50 pcs, section - 47 pcs, and aspiration – 59 pcs. The results showed that puncture and section gave significantly higher total OCCs per an ovary (4.16 and 4.0, respectively) than aspiration (3.68), but a higher number of normal (grade A and B) OCCs per an ovary was observed with aspiration (2.5) than with puncture (1.82) and section (2.00). During aspiration, oocyte-cumulus complexes were collected from the surface of follicles with a diameter of 3 to 8 mm using a needle. During puncture, all surfaces were pierced with a hypodermic needle; during section, incisions were made along the entire ovarian surface with a scalpel, that is, all sizes of superficial follicles were collected. OCCs were divided into 4 classes based on cumulus and nucleus cells: grade A - oocytes completely surrounded by cumulus cells; Grade B - oocytes partially surrounded by cumulus cells; Grade C - oocytes not surrounded by cumulus cells; and grade D - degeneration observed in both oocyte and cumulus cells. Grades A and B were considered normal, while grades C and D were considered to be damaged. The obtained oocytes were cultured and fertilized in vitro, which means that their fertilization with sperm occurred under artificially maintained optimal conditions outside the body. Normal fertilization results are zygote formation with male and female pronuclei (PN). As a result of the conducted fertilization of 251 mature oocytes, 142 fertilizations were successful, which amounted to 56.57%.
Role of Growth-Promoting Bacteria as Biocontrol Agent Against Root Knot Nematode of Tomato
Authors: Kumar Gupta Sandeep
Published: December 2021

There are significant losses which have occurred in crops due to the infestation of plant parasitic nematode which are known as hidden enemy due to their presence in rhizosphere and their infection site on the roots. Synthetic nematicidal control is an effective strategy to combat this biotic stress but an inappropriate and deficient application of chemical pesticides have an adverse effect on soil micro-flora and fauna. Due to the environmental and regulatory pressure, use of potential biocontrol agents is the new approach for nematode management by the farming community. For this study, four potential rhizobacteria from different habitats BHU1, BHU2, BHU3 and BHU4 were assessed for their antagonistic activities against Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato plant. These were characterized on the basis of their morphological and biochemical activities. In vitro screening of bacterial isolates was conducted in a 25-microwell plate by addition of second stage juvenile (J2) of M. incognita with nematode application. Among four bacteria,, three potential antagonistic bacteria were able to kill nematode within 24 hours. Mortality percentage of J2 M. incognita observed in sterile distilled water selected bacterial isolates ranged from 23.33 to 100% in 3h to 24h periods. Moreover, all bacterial isolates except BHU2 isolate were found positive for production of extracellular enzymes like catalase, oxidase, chitinase, amylase and gelatinase which favour effective biopesticide activity of bacteria. Further selected isolates of bacteria associated with tomato have shown a great potential as biocontrol agents against root-knot nematode in tomato during pot experiment. Based on the fact stated above, the current research focused on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria based nematodes biocontrol strategies with direct and indirect mechanism of PGPR for nematode management.
On the Phytotoxicity of Waste-Water from Textile Industry on Selected Crop Seed Germination and its Treatment Using Bacteria with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Nirmala A.
Published: December 2021

Industrialization plays a major role for the economic development of any nation. In spite of various positive aspects of industrialization, the foremost negative aspect is pollution by discharge of more waste water in to the environment. So, the aim of the present work is to analyse the phytotoxic effect of textile industry waste water on seed germination and treating the waste water using Bacterial Species and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle. Physico-chemical parameters of dying industry waste water such as color, temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solid, total hardness, COD, BOD, oil and greases, chloride, sodium, potassium, chromium, copper, total alkalinity and zinc were analysed as per standard methods. To confirm the harmfulness, an investigation was made to study the degree of toxicity of dyeing industry effluent on seed germination and growth of Sorghum bicolor (white sorghum) Vigna unguiculata (cow pea) were selected for this study and it was placed in soil containing pots and watering with untreated industry waste water and treated waste water. The waste water was treated by two methods, one by bacterial degradation, using Pseudomonas fluroscence and the secondly, by chemical oxidation, using zinc oxide nanoparticles. After treatment their efficiency was tested with above two plants. All the above said parameter were found to be high in untreated waste water. There was a gradual decrease in the percentage of seed germination and seedling growth due to higher concentration of effluent, when compared with control. In this comparative study, methyl orange degradation by the chemical oxidation using zinc oxide nanoparticle was more effective and faster than the biological oxidation of bacterial species.