bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Value Creation for Refugees by Social Partnerships: A Frames Perspective
Authors: Karakulak Özgü , Faul Moira V.
Published: March 2023

Refugee crises are one of the grand challenges of the 21st century. Despite the theoretical importance attached to value created for beneficiaries in the partnership literature, research tends to focus on internal processes and value created for partners and partnerships, leading to widespread calls to further specify the value created by partnerships for beneficiaries. Applying an analytical framework from the value creation and social impact literatures, we report on a study of multiple social partnerships of a nongovernmental organization in the refugee issue field. Our results demonstrate that frames of refugees held by partners and in partnerships’ implementation contexts shape the value creation activities undertaken for beneficiaries, and determine whether value is created and what types of value. The dual contribution of this article comprises a rare empirical study of value creation activities for beneficiaries (here, refugees) and theorization of how and when implementation context affects value creation by partnerships.
Athlete Burnout Is Associated With Perceived Likelihood of Future Injury Among Healthy Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Seehusen Corrine N. , Howell David R. , Potter Morgan N. , Walker Gregory A. , Provance Aaron J.
Published: March 2023

We examined perceived risk of future sports injury and athlete burnout among uninjured adolescent athletes. Uninjured high school athlete participants completed the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ) and a questionnaire assessing attitudes toward likelihood of sustaining a future sport-related injury. We compared ABQ responses between injury risk perception groups: those who expected injury versus those who did not. Half of the participants reported a somewhat/very high likelihood of future sport-related injury ( n = 98; 52% female; age = 15.3 ± 1.9 years), while the other half reported it was unlikely/not possible ( n = 98; 45% female; age = 15.3 ± 1.3 years). A significantly greater proportion of those in the expected injury group reported a history of bone/muscle/ligament/tendon injury (56% vs 24%; P < .001). Those in the expected injury group reported higher athlete burnout scores (median = 28 [interquartile range = 25-34] vs 25 [23-30]; P = .002). Adolescent athletes who reported they were likely to experience a future injury in their sport also reported greater levels of burnout.
Development of Rat Caries-Induced Pulpitis Model for Vital Pulp Therapy
Authors: Huang H. , Okamoto M. , Watanabe M. , Matsumoto S. , Moriyama K. , Komichi S. , Ali M. , Matayoshi S. , Nomura R. , Nakano K. , Takahashi Y. , Hayashi M.
Published: March 2023

Rodent animal models for vital pulp therapy are commonly used in dental research because their tooth anatomy and cellular processes are similar to the anatomy and processes in humans. However, most studies have been conducted using uninfected sound teeth, which makes it difficult to adequately assess the inflammatory shift after vital pulp therapy. In the present study, we aimed to establish a caries-induced pulpitis model based on the conventional rat caries model and then evaluate inflammatory changes during the wound-healing process after pulp capping in a model of reversible pulpitis induced by carious infection. To establish the caries-induced pulpitis model, the pulpal inflammatory status was investigated at different stages of caries progression by immunostaining targeted to specific inflammatory biomarkers. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that both Toll-like receptor 2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were expressed in moderate and severe caries-stimulated pulp, indicating that an immune reaction occurred at both stages of caries progression. M2 macrophages were predominant in moderate caries-stimulated pulp, whereas M1 macrophages were predominant in the severe caries-stimulated pulp. Pulp capping in teeth with moderate caries (i.e., teeth with reversible pulpitis) led to complete tertiary dentin formation within 28 d after treatment. Impaired wound healing was observed in teeth with severe caries (i.e., teeth with irreversible pulpitis). During the wound-healing process in reversible pulpitis after pulp capping, M2 macrophages were predominant at all time points; their proliferative capacity was upregulated in the early stage of wound healing compared with healthy pulp. In conclusion, we successfully established a caries-induced pulpitis model for studies of vital pulp therapy. M2 macrophages have an important role in the early stages of the wound-healing process in reversible pulpitis.
Sexting Behavior Predictors Vary With Addressee and the Explicitness of the Sexts
Authors: Molla-Esparza Cristian , Nájera Pablo , López-González Emelina , Losilla Josep-María
Published: March 2023

The aim of this research is to examine associations of adolescent sexting with gender, being in a romantic relationship, and other online or offline sexual behaviors, using the adolescent sexting scale A-SextS as a standardized measure. Data were collected from a sample of 579 Spanish secondary school pupils (47.3% girls), between the ages of 11 and 18 (interquartile range: 13–15 years; median = 14 years). Multinomial regression models revealed that having had sexual intercourse was the most relevant predictor variable, especially for high-frequency sexting. Adolescents involved in a romantic relationship were more likely to engage in high-frequency sexting with someone known in person. Pornography consumption was mainly associated with high-frequency explicit sexting with someone known only on the internet. Lastly, females were more likely to engage in low-frequency, non-explicit sexting as well as high-frequency explicit sexting with someone known only on the internet.
Energy-saving potential assessment of a classroom building envelope through sensitivity analysis and multi-objective optimization under different climate types
Authors: Benaddi Fatima Zahra , Boukhattem Lahcen , Ait Nouh Fatima , Cesar Tabares-Velasco Paulo , Benhamou Brahim
Published: March 2023

The present work aims to optimize the thermal behavior of a building envelope by combining sensitivity analysis (SA) and multi-objective optimization (MOO). An existing classroom located in Marrakech city was considered a case study building. The building model was analyzed under six Moroccan climate zones. The SA was applied on 16 design variables and performed using the Morris method implemented in the tool Simlab to rank each design variable based on its influence on the objective function (overall energy demand). The SA results showed that the solar absorptance of the internal roof, wall, and ground floor and the ground hollow core slab thickness impacted less the overall energy demand. Therefore, the only remaining variables showing the most relevant effect will be optimized afterward. The optimization phase was conducted by coupling the generic optimization tool GenOpt with TRNSYS. The optimum solution was selected based on the Pareto front approach. The obtained results assessed the effectiveness of the adopted methodological approach in significant minimization of the required thermal loads. Furthermore, the values of each optimum design variables set differ from one climate zone to another; leading to energy demand reduction varying from 30 to 42%, in comparison with the original design building.
Teacher Sensemaking in an Early Education Research–Practice Partnership
Authors: Datnow Amanda , Guerra Alison Wishard , Cohen Shana R. , Kennedy Benjamin C. , Lee Joseph
Published: March 2023

Background/Context:

High quality early education, preschool through third grade, has received significant attention as a vehicle for addressing academic disparities. Research–practice partnerships (RPPs) offer a promising strategy for improving early education and closing the gap between research and practice; however, RPPs in the early learning context are understudied, and there is little information about how teachers experience them.

Purpose/Research Questions:

Grounded in a framework of sensemaking theory and research on teachers’ beliefs and RPPs, this paper addresses the following questions: (1) How did an early education RPP attempt to build a meaningful and trusting partnership and amplify teacher voices? (2) How did teachers make sense of new knowledge within the context of the RPP and their practical wisdom? (3) To what degree were teachers reaffirming existing beliefs vs. questioning or adjusting current beliefs through their participation in the RPP?

Research Design:

This paper relies on qualitative data gathered as part of an interdisciplinary education neuroscience longitudinal RPP project between university researchers and educators in a California school district. The data analyzed for this paper included field notes and artifacts from RPP meetings and transcripts of teacher interviews.

Conclusions/Recommendations:

The RPP intentionally created opportunities for teachers to amplify their perspectives and interpretations. Within RPP meeting spaces, teachers reflected on their beliefs and practices in light of research conducted in their schools and, more generally, sometimes adjusting and other times reaffirming their views. The extent to which teachers incorporated new knowledge into their cognitive schemas varied based on the topic and how and where the information was presented. These findings yield important implications for research–practice partnerships and system change in early childhood education.
Striatal dopamine transporter and receptor availability correlate with relative cerebral blood flow measured with [11C]PE2I, [18F]FE-PE2I and [11C]raclopride PET in healthy individuals
Authors: Jonasson My , Frick Andreas , Fazio Patrik , Hjorth Olof , Danfors Torsten , Axelsson Jan , Appel Lieuwe , Furmark Tomas , Varrone Andrea , Lubberink Mark
Published: March 2023

The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate relationships between relative cerebral blood flow and striatal dopamine transporter and dopamine D2/3 availability in healthy subjects. The data comprised dynamic PET scans with two dopamine transporter tracers [11C]PE2I (n = 20) and [18F]FE-PE2I (n = 20) and the D2/3 tracer [11C]raclopride (n = 18). Subjects with a [11C]PE2I scan also underwent a dynamic scan with the serotonin transporter tracer [11C]DASB. Binding potential (BPND) and relative tracer delivery (R1) values were calculated on regional and voxel-level. Striatal R1 and BPND values were correlated, using either an MRI-based volume of interest (VOI) or an isocontour VOI based on the parametric BPND image. An inter-tracer comparison between [11C]PE2I BPND and [11C]DASB R1 was done on a VOI-level and simulations were performed to investigate whether the constraints of the modeling could cause correlation of the parameters. A positive association was found between BPND and R1 for all three dopamine tracers. A similar correlation was found for the inter-tracer correlation between [11C]PE2I BPND and [11C]DASB R1. Simulations showed that this relationship was not caused by cross-correlation between parameters in the kinetic model. In conclusion, these results suggest an association between resting-state striatal dopamine function and relative blood flow in healthy subjects.
The investigation of reduced field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: comparison with conventional DWI
Authors: Meng Tiebao , Liu Huiming , Liu Jinbo , Wang Feixiang , Xie Chuanmiao , Ke Liangru , He Haoqiang
Published: March 2023

Background

Field-of-view optimized and constrained undistorted single-shot imaging (FOCUS) is a new sequence that shows enhanced anatomical details, improving the diffusion-weighted (DW) images.

Purpose

To investigate the value of FOCUS diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the evaluation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and compare it with the single-shot echo planner imaging (SS-EPI) DWI approach.

Material and Methods

A total of 87 patients with NPC underwent magnetic resonance imaging, including FOCUS and SS-EPI DWI sequences. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-intensity ratio (SIR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the nasopharyngeal lesions were measured and compared. According to the clinical stages of patients, T and N were divided into early and advanced stage groups, respectively. The mean ADC values of the two techniques were computed, and the area under the curve (AUC) was estimated to calculate the diagnostic efficiency.

Results

Subjective and objective image qualitative values of FOCUS were significantly higher than those of SS-EPI. The ADC values for FOCUS of early T and N stages were significantly lower than those of the advanced stages.

Conclusion

FOCUS provides significantly better image quality in NPC compared to SS-EPI, with lower ADC values for early-stage disease than late-stage disease.
Clinical practices, challenges, and job satisfaction of occupational therapists working in Community Mental Health Centers in Turkey
Authors: Ercan Doğu Selma , Özkan Esma , Kars Sinem
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Occupational therapists have been involved in Community Mental Health Centers (CMHCs) since 2016 in Turkey. To the best of our knowledge, no data about occupational therapists’ practices in CMHCs is available in the extant research literature. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the clinical practices, challenges, and job satisfaction of occupational therapists working for CMHCs in Turkey.

Method:

We conducted a cross-sectional survey study in which 28 volunteer occupational therapists working in CMHCs participated. The participants filled out the Sociodemographic and Professional Experience Information Form and the Job Satisfaction Scale.

Results:

Occupational therapists were experienced practitioners implementing various occupational therapist practices in community mental health and they were generally satisfied with their job. The challenges facing Occupational therapists were communicating with caregivers, motivating the client, enabling the client to perform occupational participation. Collaborative teamwork and participation in training about community mental health were found as the important factors contributing to occupational therapist professionals’ job satisfaction.

Conclusion:

Investigating the professional behaviors of Occupational therapists, an emerging health profession in Turkey, is important for the development of the profession. The education and supervision specially adapted for community mental health and the supportive teamwork seem to be significant for the job satisfaction of community mental health Occupational therapists.
Socio-Economic Factors Contributing to Crashes Involving Motor Tricycles in Greater Kumasi Metropolitan Area, Ghana
Authors: Adomabea Olivia , Quaye Isaac , Yeboah Michael , Adarkwa Kwasi Kwafo
Published: March 2023

Commercial passenger motor tricycles are a recent addition to the vehicle mix in urban areas of Ghana having been introduced in about 2015. While they serve a good purpose and fill a niche in the transport market in Ghanaian cities, this mode of transport is characterized by several road crashes that sometimes result in fatalities. Consequently, the objective of this study was to understand social and economic factors as well as motor tricycles’ operational characteristics and related crashes. A detailed study of this mode of transport in the study area revealed that the socio-economic factors that contribute to crashes involving commercial motor tricycles include the revenue per day, amount spent on fuel per day, and operating days, but with a negative relationship between daily revenue and amount spent on fuel and crash severity. Operational characteristics studied revealed a general improvement in operators’ level of education, a situation where owner-operators are more careful with their vehicles, patrons’ preference for new tricycles, and relatively good returns from operations of these vehicles. Operators also work for long hours and on all days of the week. Further analysis of the data revealed that there are major safety concerns. While the Building and Road Research Institute (BRRI) reports a fatality share of 28% with an annual increase of 3.9% for motorcycle-related crashes in Ghana, the National Road Safety Authority, in the year 2010, indicated a crash rate of more than 50% which is yet to be updated. Recent data for 2019 published by the BRRI estimate a rate of 8.15 fatalities per 10,000 vehicles with a total of 829 total crashes in 2019 for motorcycles, tricycles, and rickshaws and 2.7 motorcycle fatalities per 10,000 vehicles. Similar data are yet to be estimated for motorcycles and commercial tricycles in the Greater Kumasi Metropolitan Area. However, our study revealed a crash rate of 67% for motor tricycle operators in the study area on account of an increase in population, low initial capital cost, and the ability to maneuver in inaccessible areas. It is recommended that, in view of the preponderance of passenger tricycles in the study area, massive educational campaigns involving all stakeholders be pursued.
Designing an Electric Transit Route Network Utilizing Energy Storage Technology to Mitigate Annual Demand Charge
Authors: Momenitabar Mohsen , Dehdari Ebrahimi Zhila , Mattson Jeremy , Hough Jill
Published: March 2023

The electrification of traditional transit route networks has been a promising option for urban public transit. Compared with fast chargers, energy storage (ES) technology benefits the planner in relation to cost savings and avoiding high electricity demand charges. Although many studies ignored the potentiality of utilizing ES chargers, this study uses this concept with demand charges to design an electric transit route network by proposing a bi-level optimization model. The upper-level model aims to minimize the total travel times of passengers along with the total number of indirect trips. In comparison, the lower-level problem plans to minimize the total costs of purchasing two types of fast and ES chargers and demand charges for the transit network that entirely operates with battery electric buses (BEBs). Because of the NP-hard nature of the proposed model, the discrete multi-objective grey wolf optimizer algorithm is suggested in a discrete space to search for a feasible solution by providing the Pareto frontier of two objective functions. Also, the initial route set generation algorithm has been applied to generate a new set of transit routes. To validate the proposed model, our model has been tested on a benchmark network of Mumford0 in a small and a Fargo–Moorhead area in a medium size. Our results confirmed that considering ES chargers could save 4.8% and 76.5% (for the user cost), 2.3%, and 111.9% (for the operator cost) of the total network and demand charges.
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar versus Inclinometer Ground Surface Deformations at Active Landslide
Authors: Hendrix Ryan , Ooi Phillip S.K.
Published: March 2023

Rockfalls and landslides commonly occur in the Hawaiian islands. When these events occur along a thoroughfare, they can result in the loss of lives, cause significant damage to infrastructure, and force full or partial road closures, resulting in traffic congestion and commuting delays, sometimes for months. The Hawaii Department of Transportation (HDOT) is interested in historic slope movements along its roads and highways, as this history can guide in prioritizing spending on slope remediation. This has prompted HDOT to be interested in the use of interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imagery for detecting historical slope movements and identifying areas that might pose concern for landslide or rockfall activity. To provide a proof of concept for the implementation of this technology in Hawaii, an InSAR case study of a landslide on the island of O’ahu was conducted to compare the results with available inclinometer data. Two-dimensional decomposition was implemented for opposing orbits of descending and ascending Sentinel-1 datasets. Overall, the results show that when both ascending and descending datasets are used to derive line-of-sight displacements that are resolved in a direction along the direction of movement (typically perpendicular to the slope contours), InSAR analysis can effectively capture inclinometer trends in areas experiencing relatively no or little displacement over time (<30 mm/year) but the accuracy diminishes in fast-moving slides (≥270 mm/year).
Women in the New Labor Activism: Gender Trends in Attitudes Toward Unions
Authors: Torre Margarita
Published: March 2023

The gender gap in union membership rates has narrowed considerably in the last decades. How is this change related to women's attitudes toward unions? What is the profile of women who support union activism? Are there reasons to believe that women's support will continue to increase over time? Using data from the General Social Survey, I examine women's attitudes toward trade unions between 2002 and 2021. Data shows that support for unions is higher among non-white, less-educated, and younger women, as well as among women employed in female-dominated occupations. I conclude by discussing the implications of the findings for current and future labor activism.
Increasing Preservice Teachers’ Knowledge and Skills Using a Mixed-Reality Simulator: The Tale of Two Studies
Authors: Hirsch Shanna E. , Griffith Catherine A. , Kelley Mya H. , Carlson Alex , McKown Georgia
Published: March 2023

To date, research on mixed-reality simulation (MRS) has focused on various skills including applied behavior analysis, but studies have not evaluated the role of preservice teachers’ perceived knowledge, confidence, usefulness, or actual practice related to data collection. To address this gap, we conducted two separate MRS studies, one for behavioral data collection, and one for sharing academic progress in an Individualized Education Program (IEP) meeting. Results of both studies indicate participants’ perceptions of their knowledge and confidence significantly increased as well as their actual knowledge or performance. Qualitative findings provide insight into how participants perceived the authenticity of the simulation experiences as well as suggestions regarding dosage and implementation. Limitations, implications for teacher education, and future research are discussed.
The Expansion of Title V: A Historical Analysis of the Promoting Postbaccalaureate Opportunities for Hispanic Americans Program
Authors: Aguilar-Smith Stephanie , Doran Erin
Published: March 2023

Understanding the development of major educational policies is essential, especially federal policies integral to Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs)—one of the fastest-growing types of postsecondary institutions in the United States, which collectively serve over two-thirds of Latina/o/x-identified college students. Accordingly, in this archive-based study, we explore the expansion of Title V, specifically the creation of the Postbaccalaureate Opportunities for Hispanic Americans Program, and how advocates framed the need for this program. Specifically, employing McBeth et al.’s policy narrative framework, we story how Congress came to enact this program, describing the setting, characters, and plot of this policy process. In doing so, we make visible via narration how federal policy unfolds and the relationship between federal and state-level policy. Additionally, we show that nationalist, capitalist, and democratic logics are often used to justify programs to support the Latina/o/x community. Considering the findings, we conclude with implications for policy and future research. Ultimately, using this innovative lens, we expand the HSI literature and complexify the understanding of Title V.
A bi-level control framework with temperature rise inference and intelligent decision-making longitudinal control on downgrade hydrodynamic braking process
Authors: Chen Xiuqi , Wei Wei , Tao Tianlang , Hu Naipeng , Wang Yuze , Yan Qingdong
Published: March 2023

Temperature rise is a salient characteristic of the braking device of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) during long downhill braking. The temperature-independent effect on braking performance is an inevitable challenge for the longitudinal controller, which also causes the overheating of mechanical or hydrodynamic braking devices and may bring about brake failures for heavy-duty vehicles. To this end, a universal Bi-level control framework combining a temperature hierarchy system performance prediction method and a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based controller is proposed for long downhill braking of heavy-duty vehicles. Firstly, the temperature-independent characteristic is clustered to predict the braking performance under various rotating speeds. Secondly, a data-driven model for temperature rising is built for the long-time braking thermal prediction and estimates the safety remaining braking time using the auxiliary braking. Thirdly, a temperature-hierarchy environmental perceptive control framework with Double Deep Q Network (DDQN) algorithm is exploited to achieve the target speed tracking accuracy. Thermal safety is ensured with the application of fast calculating for the thermal rising, along with the effective estimation of remaining braking performance on endurance braking. The proposed Bi-level longitudinal controller is compared with the average-temperature strategy and the classic PID strategy to validate its superiority in terms of speed-tracking accuracy on robust conditions. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy improves the speed tracking accuracy by 37.31% on constant slope conditions and 68.11% on varying slope conditions compared with the classic PID strategy. Furthermore, a processor-in-the-loop test experiment verifies its real-time application.
Optimization of cavitation-assisted biodiesel production and fuel properties from Neochloris oleoabundans microalgae oil using genetic algorithm and response surface methodology
Authors: Ahmad Aqueel , Yadav Ashok Kumar , Singh Achhaibar , Pal Amit
Published: March 2023

Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines that provides energy security and significant environmental benefits. But its commercialization is restricted due to the cost and quality as compared to diesel fuel. To address the above, Neochloris oleoabundans microalgae oil, a non-edible, cost-effective, and underutilized third-generation feedstock, is used to produce superior biodiesel by the transesterification reaction using a hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) approach. In this research work, the transesterification model for microalgae biodiesel production is optimized through genetic algorithm (GA) and response surface methodology (RSM) using MATLAB R2020a and Design Expert 8.0.7.1, respectively. Four process input variables (operating pressure (0.5–2.5 bar), catalyst concentration (0.5–1.5 wt.%), reaction time (5–25 minutes), and molar ratio (3:1 to 7:1)) and a five-level L30 array were developed to construct a statistical model. Biodiesel yield and major properties like density, kinematic viscosity, calorific value, and flash point are the model responses. The optimum conditions for microalgae biodiesel production were operating pressure of 2.43 bar, KOH catalyst concentrations of 1.22 wt. %, reaction time of 15.54 minutes, molar ratio of 5.61:1 and at 60°C fixed reaction temperature. The optimum value of response, such as biodiesel yield, was 99.80%, the density was 0.882 g/cc, the kinematic viscosity was 4.06 cst, the calorific value was 41.72 MJ/kg, and the flash point was 146.64 °C. RSM and GA predicted results were validated experimentally. The reaction time for biodiesel produced by HC in the same settings as the conventional method was reduced by 85%. Due to its faster processing time, the HC approach is preferred to the conventional method.
The Influence of Socioeconomic Status on the Choice of Patterns and Methods of Health Financing in Jambi Province
Authors: Noerjoedianto Dwi , Tan Syamsurijal , Zamzami  , Junaidi  , Amir Andy
Published: March 2023

Healthcare financing plays role in improving the quality of health services, with an aim to examine the effect of family socioeconomic status on the patterns and methods of ability to purchase health services. A quantitative study with a survey approach used in this research that connects exogenous (family socioeconomic status) and endogenous variables (financing patterns and methods, ability to purchase health services), with total sample of 770 households. The technique used an accidental sampling in western and eastern regions of Jambi, with questionnaire instrument and analysis PLS-SEM’s second order. Based from this research, family socioeconomic status has a direct influence on the ability to purchase health services showing as the first hypothesis. The second hypothesis also proved direct influence on the ability to purchase health services. The third hypothesis was also proved like the first and second hypotheses. Methods of health financing mediated the correlation between family socioeconomic status and ability to purchase health services was accepted of fourth and fifth hypotheses. Therefore, the family’s socioeconomic status, patterns and methods of health financing have a direct influence on the ability to purchase health services. Meanwhile, there was an indirect effect of family socioeconomic status on the ability to purchase health services through health financing patterns and methods.
Characteristics and clinical needs of young tertiary students attending a specialist mood disorders clinic
Authors: O'Gorman Kieran M , Schmaal Lianne , Ratheesh Aswin , Habib George , Tokatlidis Orania , Jackson-Simpson Jennifer , Cotton Sue M , Rice Simon M
Published: March 2023

Objective

To investigate the clinical characteristics of tertiary students and non-students attending a specialist clinic for severe mood disorders.

Method

Medical record audit of clients discharged from the Youth Mood Clinic (YMC). Data extracted included depressive symptomatology, suicidal ideation, self-harm, suicide attempt, tertiary education engagement, drop-out and deferral.

Results

Data from 131 clients ( M age = 19.58 years, SD = 2.66) were analysed, including 46 tertiary students. Relative to non-students, at intake, tertiary students reported more severe depressive symptomatology ( d = 0.43). They were more likely to experience suicidal ideation at intake ( V = 0.23), and during treatment ( V = 0.18). Tertiary students were also more likely to be living separately to their family of origin ( V = 0.20) but were less likely to have experienced parental separation ( V = 0.19). 21.73% of tertiary students dropped out or deferred study during care.

Conclusion

In this cohort, those engaged in tertiary education experience more severe depression and more commonly experienced suicidal ideation. These young people require targeted support for their mental health while they undertake tertiary education.
Exploration of Morphological Features of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma With PBRM1, SETD2, BAP1, or KDM5C Mutations
Authors: Liu Yang , Li Yunhao , Xu Haimin , Zhou Luting , Yang Xiaoqun , Wang Chaofu
Published: March 2023

The last decade has seen great advances in genomic profiling and prognosis-associated factors of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most common entity in kidney cancer. Following VHL, PBRM1, SETD2, BAP1, and KDM5C have been validated as the most common co-occurring gene mutations in clear cell RCC by multicenter studies. However, the morphological features of clear cell RCC with co-occurring gene mutations remain unclear. In this study, we presented 20 clear cell RCCs that underwent next-generation sequencing, of which 1 tumor was reclassified as ELOC-mutated RCC. PBRM1, SETD2, BAP1, and KDM5C were the most common mutations, following VHL. Morphologically, clear cell RCC with PBRM1 or KDM5C mutation usually displayed a low-grade pattern. Cystic changes and hyalinized stroma were often observed. The Ki67 index was <10%. These observations indicated good prognosis. However, mutated SETD2 may increase the malignancy of clear cell RCC with PBRM1 mutation. Two clear cell RCCs with mutated PBRM1 and SETD2 developed local or distant metastases. Clear cell RCC with BAP1 mutations always had high-grade patterns, and rhabdoid differentiation was also observed, indicating that BAP1 mutation was associated with poor outcomes. Papillary architecture was often a feature of BAP1 mutation, which is uncommon in clear cell RCC. PDL1 was positive in only one tumor with BAP1 mutation, and the positivity rate was limited to 5%. B7H3 was negative in all tumors. Morphologic findings in this small cohort may suggest why PBRM1 mutation does not correlate with decreased survival, whereas BAP1 mutation usually predicts poor outcomes.
Potency Adjusted Blended Heparin of Bovine, Ovine, and Porcine Heparin Exhibit Comparable Biologic Effects to Referenced Single-Sourced Porcine Heparin
Authors: Olson Guy , Jeske Walter , Iqbal Omer , Krupa Emily , Farooqui Amber , Siddiqui Fakiha , Hoppensteadt Debra , Kouta Ahmed , Fareed Jawed
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Bovine and ovine mucosa represent alternate anticoagulants to porcine mucosa for production of unfractionated heparin (UFH). Standardized heparins from various sources can be blended and potency adjusted, blended heparins exhibit comparable effects as single-sourced porcine UFH. This study evaluated the pharmacologic profile of blended heparin and compared their activities to that of single sourced porcine, ovine, and bovine heparins. Methods: The anticoagulant effects of gravimetric and potency-adjusted heparins were evaluated with aPTT, TT, anti-Xa, anti-IIa, ACT, and TGA studies. Protamine sulfate studies were used for neutralization potential of each of the individual heparins. Results: The potency-adjusted heparins demonstrated comparable aPTT, TT, anti-Xa, anti-IIa, and ACT values at all concentrations (U/mL). However, in gravimetric studies, bovine heparin consistently showed lower values with the exception of thrombin generation inhibition studies. The protamine sulfate neutralization studies demonstrated complete neutralization at all concentrations for the potency-adjusted heparins. However, at gravimetric concentrations, minor differences were noted in the neutralization profile in each of these heparins. Conclusion: These studies support the hypothesis that blended heparin from bovine, ovine, and porcine tissue, when standardized in unit-equivalent proportions, exhibits a comparable anticoagulant profile to the single species derived heparins.
Multidisciplinary Perspectives on the Implementation of a Comprehensive Sexual Assault Telehealth Program in Rural Communities: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Miyamoto Sheridan , Wright Elizabeth N. , Thiede Elizabeth , Perkins Daniel F. , Bittner Cynthia , Dorn Lorah
Published: March 2023

Access to quality sexual assault (SA) care in rural communities is limited by challenges surrounding building and sustaining a skilled SA nurse examiner workforce. Telehealth can facilitate access to expert care while cultivating a local sexual assault response. The Sexual Assault Forensic Examination Telehealth (SAFE-T) Center aims to decrease disparities in SA care by providing expert, live, interactive mentoring, quality assurance, and evidence-based training via telehealth. This study examines multidisciplinary perceptions of pre-implementation barriers and SAFE-T program impact using qualitative methods. Implications for the implementation of telehealth programs to support access to quality SA care are considered.
“I Have to Make Sure She Is Not Sad”: Children's Perceptions of Their Mothers’ Experiences in Shelters for Battered Women
Authors: Vass Anat , Haj-Yahia Muhammad M.
Published: March 2023

A qualitative study examined children's subjective perception of their mother's situation during their stay in shelters for battered women (SBW). Thirty-two children, aged 7–12 years, who were staying with their mothers in SBWs participated in this study. Thematic analysis revealed the following two core themes: children's perceptions and insights, and feelings that were related to their perceptions. The findings are discussed in light of the concepts of exposure to IPV as a lived trauma, and re-exposure to violence in new contexts, and the role of the relationship with the abused mother in shaping the child's well-being.
Family Attitude Toward Infant Home-Based Care Program Amid COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Namnabati Mahboobeh , Sotoudeh Reza , Bahrami Niloofar
Published: March 2023

Infant’s health care management at home was an important challenge for the families. Therefore, the policymakers provided a program as an extension to the care plan to implement at home and examine families’ attitudes toward the program. Examination of the parents’ attitude was a coincidence with COVID-19 pandemic in this study, a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted on 385 parents with infants less than 2 months old in the health centers of Isfahan—Iran. The samples were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data gathering was done through a researcher-made Likert questionnaire, which had 30 items and 3 domains including individual-cultural, educational-supportive, and environmental domains. The data were analyzed through the descriptive and analytical statistic. The results of the study revealed a mean score of 104.12 ± 11.69 on family attitude and their positive view toward the infant home-based care program. Also, the highest score was related to the individual-cultural domain 36.95 ± 4.44, educational-supportive 34.88 ± 5.04 and environmental domains 32.29 ± 3.98, respectively. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the mean score of the family attitude and age, the number of children, education, and place of care ( P < .05). Based on the results of the study, the attitude of family toward infant home-based care is positive, and the challenges of parents in caring their infants at home can be reduced as the program is implemented.
Pesticide Use Practice and Associated Factors Among Rural Community of Malga District, Sidama Regional State, South Ethiopia
Authors: Lelamo Shanbel , Ashenafi Tesfaye , Ejeso Amanuel , Soboksa Negasa Eshete , Negassa Belay , Aregu Mekonnen Birhanie
Published: March 2023

In Ethiopia, like that of the other developing countries, pesticides are widely used for a variety of purposes, but their unsafe use causes a major environmental and health hazard. The aim of this study was to assess pesticide use practice and its associated factors among the rural community of Malga district, Sidama region, southern Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2021 at Malga District. Data were collected from 549 farmers by a structured and pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was used for the data analysis. Adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to determine the association between safe practices of pesticide use and several related factors. Safe practice of pesticide use was observed in 193 (35.2%). The participants who had primary education [AOR = 5.605, 95% CI: 3.309, 9.495], secondary education and above [AOR = 9.847, 95% CI: 5.007, 19.368], used pesticide for 10 years and above [AOR = 6.790, 95% CI: 3.589, 12.843], used pesticide between 6 and 10 years [AOR = 1.913, 95% CI: 1.166, 3.141] pesticide bought from any shop [AOR = 2.320, 95% CI: 1.364, 3.947], agricultural office [AOR = 7.187, 95% CI: 3.654, 14.137] were associated with safe use of pesticides. The safe practice of pesticide use was low in the study area. Continuous training programs should be implemented on the safe practice of pesticide use to the local farmers.
Long-Term Care Homes: Carceral Spaces in Times of Crisis or Perpetually?
Authors: Koncul Ana , Kelly Christine , Aubrecht Katie , Bartlett Ruth
Published: March 2023

This article explores whether isolation and control observed during COVID-19 are a pandemic effect or a perpetual socio-spatial feature of long-term care (LTC) culture. We use narrative analysis to foreground the experiences of two women with dementia trying to leave LTC: one before and the other during the pandemic. Using the lens of affective citizenship, we argue that the spatial experiences of confinement for people living in LTC are routinely overlooked in popular discourse. We reflect upon how the segregation of older people with dementia in LTC contributes to discriminatory practices beyond these institutions and advocate for a policy of deinstitutionalization.
Hydrodynamic performance study of a dimple textured surface at various area ratios and sliding speeds using CFD
Authors: Rahman Haniff A , Ghani Jaharah A , Faizal Wan Mahmood Wan Mohd , Rasani Mohammad Rasidi , Jouini Nabil
Published: March 2023

A three dimensional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis was conducted to understand the hydrodynamic performance of a dimple texture produced using recently invented low-cost dynamic-assisted tooling (DAT) in the machining process. Five different area ratios, αr of 0%, 1.63%, 3.26%, 6.53%, and 9.80%, and three different sliding speeds represented by Reynolds number, Re of 10, 45, and 80 were analyzed. From the study, there existed an optimum area ratio of 3.26%, which generated up to 290% higher load-carrying capacity compared to a fully textured surface. These findings revealed the benefits of dimple texture produced using DAT, as well as proposing the optimum area ratio needed to be considered in order to optimize the dimple performance for actual application on piston engine surfaces in the near future.
Implementation of deep learning artificial intelligence in vision-threatening disease screenings for an underserved community during COVID-19
Authors: Zhu Aretha , Tailor Priya , Verma Rashika , Zhang Isis , Schott Brian , Ye Catherine , Szirth Bernard , Habiel Miriam , Khouri Albert S
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma are vision-threatening diseases that are leading causes of vision loss. Many studies have validated deep learning artificial intelligence for image-based diagnosis of vision-threatening diseases. Our study prospectively investigated deep learning artificial intelligence applications in student-run non-mydriatic screenings for an underserved, primarily Hispanic community during COVID-19.

Methods

Five supervised student-run community screenings were held in West New York, New Jersey. Participants underwent non-mydriatic 45-degree retinal imaging by medical students. Images were uploaded to a cloud-based deep learning artificial intelligence for vision-threatening disease referral. An on-site tele-ophthalmology grader and remote clinical ophthalmologist graded images, with adjudication by a senior ophthalmologist to establish the gold standard diagnosis, which was used to assess the performance of deep learning artificial intelligence.

Results

A total of 385 eyes from 195 screening participants were included (mean age 52.43  ±  14.5 years, 40.0% female). A total of 48 participants were referred for at least one vision-threatening disease. Deep learning artificial intelligence marked 150/385 (38.9%) eyes as ungradable, compared to 10/385 (2.6%) ungradable as per the human gold standard ( p < 0.001). Deep learning artificial intelligence had 63.2% sensitivity, 94.5% specificity, 32.0% positive predictive value, and 98.4% negative predictive value in vision-threatening disease referrals. Deep learning artificial intelligence successfully referred all 4 eyes with multiple vision-threatening diseases. Deep learning artificial intelligence graded images (35.6  ±  13.3 s) faster than the tele-ophthalmology grader (129  ±  41.0) and clinical ophthalmologist (68  ±  21.9, p < 0.001).

Discussion

Deep learning artificial intelligence can increase the efficiency and accessibility of vision-threatening disease screenings, particularly in underserved communities. Deep learning artificial intelligence should be adaptable to different environments. Consideration should be given to how deep learning artificial intelligence can best be utilized in a real-world application, whether in computer-aided or autonomous diagnosis.
Risk-taking and social inequality
Authors: Zinn Jens O
Published: March 2023

Even though risk-taking is a common and widespread social experience sociological theorizing on the concept is scarce. This contribution aims to systematize and advance understanding of risk-taking and its different forms and how these connect to social inequalities and the social machinery. It considers risk-taking in the context of the debate about Bourdieu's theory of practice and Archer's theory of morphogenesis before suggesting a conceptual framework that outlines different rationales, dimensions, and the role of agency for understanding risk-taking as an individual and as a collective activity. The concept highlights the ambivalent character of risk-taking as an expression and mode of reproducing inequalities and a crucial resource to overcome disadvantage and foster social change.
“Sanitary measures, social distancing, safety”: The evolution of Swiss hoteliers’ Covid-19 communication through three snapshots
Authors: Zizka Laura , Chen Meng-Mei
Published: March 2023

Since the first reports of the Covid-19 virus in December 2019, the tourism industry has struggled to find solutions to this unprecedented crisis. During crises, organizational learning can develop crisis management and communication skills while enhancing organizational resilience in coping with crises. This research examines whether organizational learning for communicating during crises occurred in the Swiss hotel industry in the past 2 years. By tracking and visualizing the messages communicated by Swiss hotels on their websites, this study analyzes the communication strategies employed by hoteliers over the past 20 months through thematic analysis, co-occurrence analysis, and Situational Crisis Communication (SCCT) strategies. The results of this study identified the evolution of communication strategies over time. Specifically, ingratiation, corrective action, transferring, victimization, and justification are the five key strategies. This study also visualizes the crisis responses in concept maps in three snapshots (June 2020, June 2021, and February 2022). The concepts and colors of the visualization provide a different perspective on the evolution of crisis communication over the past 2 years. This study contributes to academia and practitioners by demonstrating the evolution of crisis communication messages through both the granular analysis of SCCT strategies and the bird’s-eye view of themes and concepts.