bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P‐3.18: Design of Microstructure Optical Film for Ultra‐thin MiniLED Backlight Module
Authors: Xiao Huili , Zeng Jiawen , Wang Zi , Lv Guoqiang , Feng Qibin
Published: October 2022

A backlight module is a key component of a liquid crystal display(LCD). The thickness of the backlight module affects the thickness of the display. In this paper, a design method based on the segment‐weighted is proposed for the miniLED backlight, which could reduce the thickness of the backlight module while ensuring uniformity of luminance. A surface microstructure is designed by discretizing the extended light source into a point source and designing the corresponding point microstructure using the point source based design method and the segment‐weighted method. The simulation results show that the brightness uniformity is 70%. To further improve the brightness uniformity, a diffusion film is added with the optical distance(OD) of 0.8mm, and the brightness uniformity is improved to 88%. The optical film designed in this paper can effectively improve the brightness uniformity and realize the ultra‐thin performance of the backlight.
P‐3.20: A Novel Algorithm for Nighttime Image Dehazing
Authors: Jin Zhenjie , Wang Ziqi , Yan Limin
Published: October 2022

In recent years, nighttime images collected under haze weather often have problems such as low contrast and serious texture loss. The previous algorithms still have some limitations for nighttime dehazing. In this paper, we proposed a novel nighttime dehazing algorithm and compare our results with existing daytime and nighttime dehazing algorithms� results. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has a better dehazing performance and shorter runtime. This algorithm can effectively address image distortion, texture loss and low brightness of the dehazing images.
P‐4.2: De‐Mura Processing Integrated in Display Drivers for AMOLED Display
Authors: Cai Jian , Li Kun , Han Dedong , Liu Lifeng , Wang Yi
Published: October 2022

High‐performance Mura artifact reduction (De‐Mura) processing is developed and integrated in display drivers for raising panel yield. The proposed De‐Mura processing, designed to compensate an active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AMOLED) panel's luminance Mura (L‐Mura) and color Mura (C‐Mura), shows excellent display performance, and the major display properties include a diminished luminance nonuniformity from about 50% to about 10% under different gray levels, and an improved visually imperceptible color nonuniformity. Among 500 pieces of 5.83” (1128×2436, 460 PPI) retina AMOLED panels, panel yield is improved up to 96.8%. Our works reveals an effective external De‐Mura solution integrated in display drivers for panel factories and module suppliers to obtain high panel yield.
P‐5.3: Customization of Metal Wire Taper Specifications
Authors: Yang Chunliu , Tan Fang , Hsieh Chung-Ching
Published: October 2022

GE(M1) and SE (M2) two metal film layers need to be patterned by wet etching solution. If the taper is too high after etching, it will lead to light leakage from the metal edge, which will reduce the contrast (GE only) and poor coverage of the insulating layer. If it is too low, the resistance value of the fanout will change greatly, and the photoresist will fall and lead to the failure of the metal line. In this article, we mainly analyze how to develop the specification of the taper for GE/SE layer metal wet etchant.
P‐7.2: Water‐drop Shape Folding Hinge for Foldable Device
Authors: Lee Seoung Jun , Park Hyun Min , Hwang Insun
Published: October 2022

In the past 3 years, there is big progress of the foldable display device, so nowadays it has better durability, usability and appearance. As a result, it takes more attraction of customers in the market. In order to persist and expand this trend, we need to develop a water‐drop shape folding hinge to make device which has better appearance, flat and slim. But it has some technical issues such as more folding stress, space occupation, folding trace and so on. We have reviewed those and find optimized design of a water‐drop shape folding hinge. We have made device mock‐ups and evaluated its performance. It could be taken more attraction of customers in the market.
P‐7.12: Research on Small Hole Punching Technology of Backlight Units by Used Aluminum Alloy Material
Authors: Yaodong WANG , Xiaoping ZHANG , Yangli ZHENG , Jian REN , Hao WU , Hailin XUE
Published: October 2022

Ultra‐portable of mobile phone is mainstream market trend in 5G era, the weight of liquid crystal display module can be reduced 6 grams which represents nearly 14% of its total weight by used aluminum alloy instead of stainless steel, as the tensile strength and elongation is poor, so using aluminum alloy has a significant influence on the thickness of backlight units which is limited to the height of hole inner backlight units when its diameters is constant, according to experiments the height of hole can reach 0.66 millimeters under the diameters of hole is 2.94 millimeters based on the optimal steps of hole punching and taking high elongation material, that�s height can put composite membrane and diffuser film and the thickness of backlight units can reach 0.71 millimeters, if use three‐in‐one membrane the limited thickness of backlight units even can arrive 0.665 millimeters which is superior to MP level .moreover, the structural reliability of liquid crystal display module is OK based on the aluminum alloy material using surface coating technology and two shallow grooves inner the back cover can improve the bad flatness and pressure tightness.
P‐7.15: A Large size Mini‐LED backlight system
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Xiao , Cao Lei , Wang Xin , Wang Hong , Guan Enhui , Wu Yunpeng , Wang Zhimao , Li Xianzhen , Chen Shuo
Published: October 2022

This paper mainly introduces the development of 110 inch HDR display based on Mini‐LED technology. In this work, the peak luminace and color gamut were futher improved by using direct‐lit backlight and Quantum dots technology .Moreover, the uniformity of the Mini‐LED display is discussed.
P‐8.6: Elimination of Nanorods by Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide for the Fabrication of AlGaN‐based UV‐C Micro‐LED Array
Authors: Feng Feng , Liu Yibo , Zhang Ke , Chan Ka-Wah , Liu Zhaojun , Kwok Hoi-Sing
Published: October 2022

Short‐wavelength ultraviolet (UV‐C) micro light‐emitting diode (Micro‐LED) array greatly benefits the optogenetic applications in neuroscience, optical communications, and maskless lithography. In this work, UV‐C Micro‐LED arrays with each pixel size of 10×10 μm2 were fabricated, and the nanorods introduced by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching were eliminated by post‐ICP tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) treatment. The pixel‐level electrical characteristics were analyzed, and the peak wavelength stability under variable injected current densities was demonstrated. The results indicated the potential of applying the TMAH treatment in the fabrication of the UV‐C Micro‐LED array.
P‐10.1: A Stretchable Electrophoretic Display Device with Microcavities Based on Carbon Nanotube Doped Hydrogel Electrode
Authors: Zhu Simu , Qiu Zhiguang , Zhong Min , Lu Hao , Yang Bo-ru
Published: October 2022

The electrophoretic displays (EPDs) have many advantages such as wide viewing angle, low power consumption, paper‐like reading experience, and so on. Making EPDs stretchable will lead to realize wearable displays for future IoT environment, therefore, we explored a stretchable EPD prototype based on carbon nanotube (CNT) doped hydrogel electrode with micro‐cavities.
P‐12.4: Starting Performance and Application of Low Temperature Driving Compensation in Super‐large and Ultra‐HD TFT‐LCD of High Frame Rate
Authors: Cheng Shi , Sheng Zimo , Shuai Mengchao , Gao Xiangyu , Liu Xin , xiao Lijun , Jiang Peng , Gao Yujie
Published: October 2022

Low‐temperature starting test is an important method to evaluate the reliability of TFT‐LCD. In this paper, we studied the problem of low‐temperature starting abnormal display (AD) for large‐size and high frame rate products, the shift direction of thin film transistor in the GOA area and the shift amount of VGH Margin after aging test are clarified. To solve the AD problem, low temperature compensation using thermistor was applied. The relationship curve between temperature and VGH was measured and simulated. The results show that the shift value of VGH Margin after aging test is 8V in different kinds of products. The relationship between temperature (x) and VGH (y) is y= ‐ 0.244x+40.747. Considering product reliability drift, low temperature compensation technology (parameter settings: temperature ≥0°C, VGH=36V, temperature <–20°C,VGH=42V, can completely solve the AD problem of 75 4K 144Hz. This research is of great significance for predicting the starting performance, thus set the parameters according to the temperature‐VGH curve to ensure the reliability of the low‐temperature starting, which has important guiding significance for the development of new products.
P‐12.13: Optimized solution based on the prevention of accidental surge in the LCD production line causing the failure of the two‐way TVS tube
Authors: Chao Huang , Xiuyun Chen , Feng Long , Meng Shi , Yujie Liu , Jing Zhao , Dapeng Liang , Zixuan Bai , Shuwei Guo , Yeyu Feng
Published: October 2022

The Two‐way TVS tube is an efficient anti‐static and anti‐surge device, which plays a vital protective role in the circuit. As the types of smart products continue to increase, anti‐static and anti‐surge devices have also been widely used. This article mainly introduces the failure reason analysis of the two‐way TVS tube in the circuit design of the LCD display product POS machine, and proposes a better solution to protect the two‐way TVS tube in the LCD product by comparing and optimizing the solutions through production line comparison.
P‐16.11: The Scheme Study and Halo Test of Vehicle Glass Based Mini LED Module
Authors: Li Wenyang , Zhai Yue , Cui Dong , Leng Shouyang , Wang Fengping , Chi Weining , Yu Jie , Han Rui , Ma Qing , Yoon Dae-keun , Li Liang , Cai Site
Published: October 2022

A 12.3‐inch Mini LED Module has been developed to realize highlight, high contrast and Local Dimming, Which is different from the ordinary side‐in backlight module, and the light‐emitting surface is directly below the module. The luminance is 1800nit and the contrast is more than 1,000,000:1. The module has passed the reliability of vehicle regulation. In the last the paper introduces the halo performance of the module.
Cation‐Exchange Enables In Situ Preparation of PbSe Quantum Dot Ink for High Performance Solar Cells
Authors: Yuan Mohan , Hu Huicheng , Wang Ya , Xia Hang , Zhang Xingchen , Wang Binbin , He Ziyang , Yu Mengxuan , Tan Yun , Shi Zhaorong , Li Kanghua , Yang Xuke , Yang Ji , Li Mingyu , Chen Xiao , Hu Liuyong , Peng Xiang , He Jungang , Chen Chao , Lan Xinzheng , Tang Jiang
Published: October 2022

Lead selenide (PbSe) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. To date, PbSe CQDs capped by halide ligands exhibit improved stability and solar cells using these CQDs as active layers have reported a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 10%. However, PbSe CQDs are more prone to oxidation, requiring delicate control over their processability and compromising their applications. Herein, an efficient strategy that addresses this issue by an in situ cation‐exchange process is reported. This is achieved by a two‐phase ligand exchange process where PbI2 serves as both a passivating ligand and cation‐source inducing transformation of CdSe to PbSe. The defect density and carrier lifetime of PbSe CQD films are improved to 1.05 × 1016 cm−3 and 12.2 ns, whereas the traditional PbSe CQD films possess 1.9 × 1016 cm−3 defect density and 10.2 ns carrier lifetime. These improvements are translated into an enhancement of photovoltaic performance of PbSe solar cells, with a PCE of up to 11.6%, ≈10% higher than the previous record. Notably, the approach enables greatly improved stability and a two‐month stability is successfully demonstrated. This strategy is expected to promote the fast development of PbSe CQD applications in low‐cost and high‐performance optoelectronic devices.
Unraveling Atomic‐Scale Origins of Selective Ionic Transport Pathways and Sodium‐Ion Storage Mechanism in Bi2S3 Anodes
Authors: Cai Ran , Zhang Wenqi , Zhou Jinhua , Yang Kaishuai , Sun Linfeng , Yang Le , Ran Leguan , Shao Ruiwen , Fukuda Toshio , Tan Guoqiang , Liu Haodong , Wan Jiayu , Zhang Qiaobao , Dong Lixin
Published: October 2022

It is a major challenge to achieve a high‐performance anode for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) with high specific capacity, high rate capability, and cycling stability. Bismuth sulfide, which features a high theoretical specific capacity, tailorable morphology, and low cost, has been considered as a promising anode for SIBs. Nevertheless, due to a lack of direct atomistic observation, the detailed understanding of fundamental intercalation behavior and Bi2S3's (de)sodiation mechanisms remains unclear. Here, by employing in situ high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, consecutive electron diffraction coupled with theoretical calculations, it is not only for the first time identified that Bi2S3 exhibits specific ionic transport pathways preferred to diffuse along the (110) direction instead of the (200) plane, but also tracks their real‐time phase transformations (de)sodiation involving multi‐step crystallographic tuning. The finite‐element analysis further disclosed multi‐reaction induced deformation and the relevant stress evolution originating from the combined effect of the mechanical and electrochemical interaction. These discoveries not only deepen the understanding of fundamental science about the microscopic reaction mechanism of metal chalcogenide anodes but also provide important implications for performance optimization.
Blockchain‐based object detection scheme using federated learning
Authors: Shah Kaushal , Kanani Sarth , Patel Shivam , Devani Manan , Tanwar Sudeep , Verma Amit , Sharma Ravi
Published: October 2022

The rapid development of computing devices and automation in various fields drastically increased the growth of data, which promotes the usage of machine learning (ML) techniques to get insights from the generated data. However, data processed by ML algorithms lead to several privacy issues, including leakage of users' biometric data while sharing it through the network to train the object detection model. Therefore, federated learning (FL) was introduced, in which the models are trained locally; only model parameters are shared between central authority (CA) and end nodes. They will eventually maintain a common model for all the participating devices. However, many problems are associated with FL, such as the difference in data consumption rate, training capabilities, geographical challenges, and storage capacity. These problems might lead to differences in the common global model and thus an inefficient FL approach. Moreover, the presence of a CA results in a single point of failure and is vulnerable to various attacks. Motivated by the aforementioned discussion, in this article, we propose a blockchain‐based object detection scheme using FL that eliminates the CA by using distributed InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). Global models can be aggregated periodically when several local model parameters are uploaded on the IPFS. Nodes can fetch the global model from the IPFS. The global aggregated object detection model has been evaluated for various scenarios such as human face detection, animal detection, unsafe content detection, noteworthy vehicle detection, and performance evaluation parameters such as accuracy, precision, recall, and end‐to‐end latency. Compared to traditional models, the proposed model achieved an average accuracy of 92.75% on the object detection scenarios mentioned above.
Experimental investigation of pre‐damaged circular RC columns strengthened with fabric‐reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM)
Authors: Tello Noor , Abed Farid , ElRefai Ahmed , El‐Maaddawy Tamer , Alhoubi Yazan
Published: October 2022

This paper aims at investigating the efficiency of strengthening pre‐damaged circular reinforced concrete (RC) columns with Polyparaphenylene Benzobisoxazole fabric‐reinforced cementitious matrix (PBO‐FRCM). The investigated parameters were the degree of pre‐damage (non‐damaged, damaged monotonically up to yielding, or fatigue damaged), the number of PBO‐FRCM layers (0, 2, or 4), and the tie spacing (180 or 90 mm). The experimental results of testing 12 short columns under axial compression showed that PBO‐FRCM systems enhanced the capacity of the non‐damaged columns and successfully restored and further enhanced the capacity of the pre‐damaged columns. Columns strengthened with two and four PBO‐FRCM layers showed a gain in the capacity of up to 40% and 75%, respectively. Furthermore, PBO‐FRCM wrapping enhanced the ductility of both the non‐damaged and the pre‐damaged columns, in which ductility improvement was more noticeable in columns with the larger tie spacing. Finally, the theoretical load‐carrying capacity calculated using ACI 549 provisions showed a good agreement with the experimental capacity of all tested columns.
Recipes as Invitations to Read, Write, and Play in Preschool
Authors: Durán Leah G. , Lopez Rebecca L.
Published: October 2022

This article describes how preschool‐age children can engage with recipes as a genre for reading, writing, and play. This formative/design study was conducted by a teacher researcher partnership in a linguistically and socioeconomically diverse public early learning center. Through home engagements, the research team identified cooking as a site of everyday literacies in students' homes, and designed a curricular innovation which built on these everyday literacy practices. This curricular innovation included reading, writing, and cooking recipes together, as well as incorporating related materials into the kitchen play area. Students took up these invitations to incorporate literacy into their imaginative play related to cooking. Students also played with the idea of recipes as a genre, adding silly ingredients like pizza into a salad recipe, or inventing a recipe for a race car cake. Finally, for some students, these recipe‐related activities also served to develop conventional literacy skills such as letter formation and name‐writing.
Opioid‐sparing anaesthesia techniques in dog and cat undergoing bilateral thoracotomy
Authors: Martinez i Ferre Bernat , Re Bravo Verónica , Drozdzynska Maja
Published: October 2022

Multimodal analgesia is the foundation of opioid‐sparing analgesia protocols in major surgery, being locoregional anaesthesia their keystone. Its aim is to provide adequate analgesia while minimising opioid requirements, and thus opioid‐related adverse effects. The blossoming of ultrasound‐guided fascial plane blocks offers a new spectrum of safer and simpler alternatives to traditional locoregional anaesthesia techniques. This report describes the anaesthetic management of a dog and a cat that underwent bilateral thoracotomy for treatment of chylothorax. The multimodal analgesia protocol consisted of preoperative methadone, ultrasound‐guided serratus plane and erector spinae plane blocks, and epidural catheter for postoperative analgesia management. The combination of these techniques allowed for a reduction of perioperative opioid requirements, good‐quality recovery and opioid‐free analgesia in the postoperative period.
MRI findings associated with clinical presentation and histopathology in a Mexican redknee tarantula (Brachypelma hamorii)
Authors: Handberg Elizabeth , Gaudette Chris , Knutson Kyra , Nelson Nathan , Ozawa Sarah
Published: October 2022

A 15‐year‐old, 9 g, female Mexican redknee tarantula (Brachypelma hamorii) presented to the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine with a history of anorexia and weight loss. Physical examination revealed an inability to extend the left chelicera, which was suspected to prevent the tarantula from prehending live prey. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed enlargement and T2 hyperintensity of the left chelicera. The patient was provided with supplemental feedings and rehydration until it was found deceased more than 8 months after the initial presentation. A postmortem examination was performed, and histopathology showed an area of chronic inflammation at the level of the left chelicera. Magnetic resonance imaging can be used as an antemortem diagnostic tool to identify lesions in tarantulas.
The Fishes of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands
Authors: da Costa Luis M. , Maia Hugulay Albuquerque , Almeida Armando J.
Published: October 2022

This chapter reviews the current knowledge of the marine (including deep-sea species) and freshwater fishes of the Gulf of Guinea oceanic islands. Some biogeographic and conservation considerations are also presented. A total of 1045 species are likely present in the region, including 107 Elasmobranchii (37 confirmed, 65 potential, and 5 erroneous), one confirmed Holocephali, and 937 Actinopteri species (515 confirmed, 385 potential, 32 erroneous, and 5 questionable). Most of the coastal species are shared with the surrounding African continental shelf, while several species are amphi-Atlantic (present in both sides of the Atlantic Ocean), and some species have sister-species in the western Atlantic. A total of 15 species are endemic to the region, and 2 are introduced. Further studies are still needed to better understand the ichthyofauna of the Gulf of Guinea oceanic islands and help policymakers better define conservation and protection plans.
With a Little Help from Friends: Teaching About, with, and Through Social Media
Authors: Chapman Amy L.
Published: October 2022

This chapter explores why and how students need guidance in using social media and how teacher education and professional development might support teachers in understanding how new and veteran teachers might begin to incorporate social media into their civics teaching. Despite often being perceived as being proficient at using social media, in a study of teachers who used the social media platform Twitter as part of their civics teaching, teachers found that young people needed guidance in how to use social media, both generally and for civic purposes. This chapter also includes a discussion of the aspects of social media that can be manipulative or harmful, often without the awareness of users. This chapter concludes with ways in which students can be supported in learning and using social media for civic purposes.
Education as a Means of Facilitating Onward Migration and Transnational Participation for South Sudanese Refugee Communities
Authors: Patterson Deirdre
Published: October 2022

In Kakuma refugee camp in north-west Kenya, education is perceived by its South Sudanese population to be a key tool needed to escape the social and economic marginalisation experienced within the humanitarian aid system as victims of conflict. This chapter explores the ways in which members of the South Sudanese diaspora have utilised transnational social and financial networks to pursue education throughout East Africa and the Global North, thus facilitating cross-generational onward migration practices. With Kakuma at the epicentre of this population, displaced for decades by civil war, family and community transnational networks utilise financial remittances to help the next generation of their families to access education and facilitate onward migration patterns between East African and Western nations. From the perspective of the refugees of this diaspora and their transnational families who support them, this chapter argues that the pursuit of education was perceived to be the solution to their displacement by offering unique opportunities to migrate beyond the refugee camp as well as to invest in their capacity to develop their livelihoods independent of their protracted vulnerable status.
Remittance-Sending Behaviour Along Migration Trajectories: The Case of Senegalese, Ghanaian and Congolese Migrants
Authors: Flikweert Wendy , Bilgili Özge , Caarls Kim
Published: October 2022

In this chapter, we examine the remittance-sending behaviour of Ghanaian, Congolese and Senegalese migrants along their migration trajectories to Europe. We aim to understand the extent to which and why sending remittances might differ when the migrants consider themselves to be either en route or settled. We hypothesise that migrants on the move experience legal and economic precariousness and have a lesser capacity and, hence, probability to remit. Moreover, we argue that migrants with close family members and assets in the origin country have higher incentives to remit but are less likely to do so if they are on the move. Overall, we do not find support for the argument that being on the move decreases the probability of sending remittances. Surprisingly, we illustrate that migrants on the move are more likely to be employed and to send remittances compared to settled migrants. We argue that the former may consider their situation to be insecure – despite being employed – and want to keep in closer contact with their country of origin. The chapter highlights the importance of including a(n) (im)mobility perspective when studying remittance-sending and the need for a fuller understanding of how frictions and experiences along more complex migration trajectories affect remittance-sending behaviour.
Validation of the CSRFENCE score for prediction of febrile neutropenia during chemotherapy cycles 2–6
Authors: Zatarah Razan , Faqeer Nour , Mahmoud Aseel , Quraan Tasnim , Matalka Lujain , Kamal Aya , Nazer Lama
Published: October 2022

Purpose

Though febrile neutropenia (FN) risk prediction models are important in clinical practice, their external validation is limited. In this study, we validated the Cycle-Specific Risk of FEbrile Neutropenia after ChEmotherapy (CSRFENCE) score for predicting FN.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of patients with solid malignancies and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma during chemotherapy cycles 2–6 and recorded if patients developed FN, defined as absolute neutrophil counts less than 500 cells/microL with fever more than or equal to 38.2 ℃. The CSRFENCE score was determined by adding the risk factors' coefficients described by the original study; subsequently, the score was used to classify chemotherapy cycles into the following risk groups for developing FN: low, intermediate, high, and very high risk. The discriminatory ability of the score was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROCC) and incidence rate ratios (IRR) within each CSRFENCE risk group.

Results

We analyzed 2870 chemotherapy cycles, of which 42 (1.5%) were associated with FN. Among those, 3 (7.1%), 14 (33.3%), 5 (12%), and 20 (47.6%) were classified as low, intermediate, high, and very high risk for developing FN, respectively. The AUROCC was 0.72 (95% CI 0.64–0.81). Compared with the low risk group (n = 666), the IRR of developing FN was 1.01 (95% CI 0.15–43.37), 0.69 (95% CI 0.08–32.46) and 1.17 (95% CI 0.17–49.49) in the intermediate (n = 1431), high (n = 498) and very high (n = 275) risk groups, respectively.

Conclusion

The CSRFENCE model can moderately stratify patients into four risk groups for predicting FN prior to chemotherapy cycles 2–6.
RETHINKING THE ANCESTRAL SHRINES IN THE EARLY EMPIRES
Authors: Tian Tian , Wen Zhou
Published: October 2022

This article examines the development of early imperial ancestral shrines by exploring the Liye and Yuelu 嶽麓 Qin slips, along with other excavated texts and historical documents. It argues that Qin Shihuang's 秦始皇 court was the first to specify the regulations for the early imperial ancestral shrine, a crucial part of which was the establishment of the Taishang huang 太上皇 shrines throughout the realm, making the imperial ancestral cult part of the daily local administrative affairs. The Western Han courts largely adopted the regulations stipulated by Qin Shihuang in their commandery and kingdom shrines until late Western Han, when ritual reforms brought the imperial ancestral shrines closer to what Michael Loewe calls the Reformist vision, entailing potential conflicts between bloodlines and the hereditary order of succession. By no means did the early empires simply continue in the stipulations for the imperial ancestral shrines the royal practices of the pre-imperial period; instead, the precedents transmitted to Eastern Han reflected two major ritual reforms, with local ancestral shrines and personal participation by the emperor key subjects of debates.
THE WAY TO THE WHITE TIGER HALL CONFERENCE: EVIDENCE GLEANED FROM THE FORMATION PROCESS OF THE BAIHU TONG
Authors: Jian Shi
Published: October 2022

The White Tiger Hall conference, held in the fourth year (79 c.e.) of the Jianchu 建初 reign in the Eastern Han, was a significant event in both politics and classical learning during and after that time. As the summary of the conference, composed after its conclusion, the Baihu tong 白虎通 is the main resource for investigating the details of this conference. Clarifying the formation process of the Baihu tong is helpful to elicit information regarding the White Tiger Hall conference from the findings recorded in its text. By tracing the history of the court conferences as an administrative institution and considering the particular nature of manuscript compilation, textual genre formats, and literary circulation during the Han, this paper suggests that the Baihu yizou 白虎議奏 referred to in the sources represents the compilation of the positions of the different debaters during the conference by Chunyu Gong 淳于恭 that was eventually sent to Emperor Zhang 章帝 for his approval; the Baihu tongde lun 白虎通德論 would be the corpus of the final rulings that had already been compiled before the conference ended and then edited by Ban Gu 班固. Later, the Emperor instructed his archivists to compose the Baihu tong by condensing the Baihu tongde lun. According to its formation process, the Baihu tong is the work of a collection of experts, rather than a compilation by a single person. Evidence shows that, although Emperor Zhang could weigh in on the court discussions (chengzhi linjue 稱制臨決), he could not ignore the consensus, nor could he simply mandate that the conference participants agree with him. In this regard, the Baihu tong cannot be considered a synthesis of the court's findings, establishing a single court ideology. Rather, it is best to see the text we have now as evidence of vigorous debates among the conference participants, including the Emperor himself and a range of other officials. In conclusion, the best way to uncover the facts about the White Tiger Hall conference via the Baihu tong is to reverse the process of textual formation, to glean information about the probable historical basis for the disputes recorded in the text.
NOTES ON THE “NOTE” (JI 記) IN EARLY ADMINISTRATIVE TEXTS
Authors: Habberstad Luke
Published: October 2022

This article examines ji 記 in received and excavated texts from the late Warring States, Qin, and Western Han periods. In pre-imperial texts, the word rarely appears, and when it does, it usually refers to records of historical events, precedents, or authoritative knowledge, but the word, in contrast to later periods, never means “note” or “letter.” By contrast, Western Han documents from the arid northwest regions contain many examples of texts that self-identify as ji. These ji are best characterized as less formal notes or letters that invited or required exchanges of items or information between people. The articles argues that this incorporation of ji into different kinds of administrative work gave the word a wider and subtler palette of meanings than it apparently enjoyed in the pre-imperial period, judging from the extant sources. The shift is echoed in descriptions of practices at the Western Han imperial court. Thus, a closer look at ji reminds us that administrative texts help us understand not only government operations, but also shifts in manuscript practices during the early empires.
Holocene paleohydrology from alpine lake sediment, Emerald Lake, Wasatch Plateau of central Utah, USA
Authors: Anderson Lesleigh , Skipp Gary , Strickland Laura , Honke Jeff , Havens Jeremy , VanSistine D. Paco
Published: October 2022

Holocene sediments at Emerald Lake in central Utah (3090 m asl) document the paleohydroclimatic history of the western Upper Colorado River headwater region. Multi-proxy analyses of sediment composition, mineralogy, and stable isotopes of carbonate (δ18O and δ13C) show changes in effective moisture for the past ca. 10,000 years at millennial to decadal timescales. Emerald Lake originated as a shallow, closed-basin cirque pond during the Early Holocene. By ca. 7000 cal yr BP, higher lake levels and carbonate δ18O values indicate rising effective moisture and higher proportions of summer precipitation continued at least until ca. 5500 cal yr BP when a landslide entered the lake margin. Between ca. 4500 and 2400 cal yr BP dry conditions at Emerald Lake envelop the timing of the ‘Late Holocene Dry Period’ identified at lower elevations. For the past ca. 2500 years, Emerald Lake δ18O values were relatively low, indicating wetter conditions and higher snow input (compared to rain), except for dry periods at ca. 2000 cal yr BP and during the Medieval Climate Anomaly at ca. 1000 and ca. 500 cal yr BP. Results provide a long-term perspective on precipitation extremes that influence regional water supplies from a snow-dominated catchment typical of the predominant source region for the Upper Colorado River.
Some legal actions involving John Taverner, Rose Taverner and Christopher Tye
Authors: Smart Jason , Benham Hugh
Published: October 2022

Searches through the plea rolls of the Court of Common Pleas have revealed a number of actions involving, separately, the Tudor composers Christopher Tye and John Taverner, and Taverner’s widow, Rose. These yield the earliest sighting of Taverner so far, the date of his marriage, and two transactions in which he is involved in the transfer of property. Rose is shown defending a claim of debt incurred by John Copley, her previous husband, and attempting to recover debts owed, in one case, to her late son and, in others, to John Taverner. For Tye, no fewer than twenty-seven cases have been discovered, in almost all of which he is the defendant in a claim of debt. They shed light upon his contacts outside music and suggest that his principal places of residence were in Ely from 1547 to at least 1556, and at Doddington after 1561. They also reveal that he was claiming to be a Gentleman of the Chapel Royal much earlier than previously realised. Rose Taverner and Tye also feature in cases brought in the Court of Chancery, one of which reveals the name of Tye’s mother and the town in which she had lived.
AUTOMORPHISMS AND SYMPLECTIC LEAVES OF CALOGERO–MOSER SPACES
Authors: BONNAFÉ CÉDRIC
Published: October 2022

We study the symplectic leaves of the subvariety of fixed points of an automorphism of a Calogero–Moser space induced by an element of finite order of the normalizer of the associated complex reflection group. We give a parametrizationà laHarish-Chandra of its symplectic leaves (generalizing earlier works of Bellamy and Losev). This result is inspired by the mysterious relations between the geometry of Calogero–Moser spaces and unipotent representations of finite reductive groups, which is the theme of another paper, C. Bonnafé [‘Calogero–Moser spaces vs unipotent representations’,Pure Appl. Math. Q., to appear, Preprint, 2021, arXiv:2112.13684].
Iron Hydride in the Earth's Inner Core and Its Geophysical Implications
Authors: Yang Hua , Muir Joshua M. R. , Zhang Feiwu
Published: October 2022

Hydrogen is potentially a key light element in the Earth's core. Determining the stability of iron hydride is essential for Earth's core mineralogy applications. We investigated the thermal stabilities of a range of Fe‐H binaries at core P‐T conditions. It is concluded that face‐centered cubic phase FeH is stable in the Earth's inner core. The high mobility of hydrogen in the Fe lattice suggests that hydrogen is transferred to a superionic state under the inner core conditions, where the superionic state transfer temperature of H in Fe fcc lattice is ∼500 K higher than that in hcp Fe system. The H concentration in the inner core is estimated to be ∼0.92 wt% to explain its density deficit, this value was further constrained to ∼0.21 wt% by matching the density jump at the inner‐core boundary. H alongside other light elements are required to account for the geophysical observations of the Earth's inner core.
Experimental and simulation study on the delayed release of CO in the initial stage of the low-temperature oxidation of coal
Authors: Li Zongxiang , Wei Song , Ding Cong , Zhang Mingqian , Yang Zhibin , Wang Wenqing
Published: October 2022

To investigate the delayed release characteristics of CO gas in the initial stage of the low-temperature oxidation of coal, closed oxygen consumption experiments were conducted on coal samples taken from the Hongqingliang coal mine, and the corresponding relationship between the CO concentration and time in the initial stage of the experimental reaction was analyzed. A physical adsorption model of the macromolecules in coal for O2 and CO was established, and the difference in the competitive adsorption between the CO and O2 gas molecules on the coal surface was analyzed from a microscopic perspective using the grand canonical ensemble Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed a delayed CO release phenomenon in the initial stage of the reaction in all the experiments, and the delayed time of CO release was negatively correlated with the temperature; the relationship between the adsorption amounts of CO and O2 in the molecular structure model of coal was CO > O2. With increasing temperature, the adsorption capacity of the two gases decreased. Under the same conditions, there was competitive adsorption of the mixture of CO and O2 by coal, with the adsorption capacity of CO being much greater than that of O2. The adsorption of CO gas molecules by coal played an inhibitory role in the release of CO gas in the initial oxidation stage. The study results are expected to help understand the CO generation characteristics in the goaf of coal seam working faces and thus prevent coal mine disasters.
Prevalence and clinical significance of anatomic variant in cephalic arch on preoperative mapping venography
Authors: Lee Hyoung Nam , Yang Seung Boo , Lee Woong Hee , Cho Youngjong , Park Sung-Joon , Lee Sangjoon
Published: October 2022

The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of anatomic variant in cephalic arch on preoperative mapping venography and evaluate patency rates and predictors of patency in patients with brachiocephalic fistulas. The prevalence of anatomic variant in cephalic arch was retrospectively evaluated in 1004 consecutive patients who underwent bilateral preoperative mapping venography from July 2006 to December 2018 in a single center. The overall prevalence of anatomic variant in cephalic arch was 17.2% (173/1004). For patency analysis, 128 patients with brachiocephalic fistulas were divided into two groups: a standard anatomy (SA) group (n = 97) and a variant anatomy (VA) group (n = 31). There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups. The primary patency rate did not differ significantly between the two groups. The secondary patency rate was significantly (p = 0.009) lower in the VA group than in the SA group. Older age (HR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.05; p = 0.007) was a negative predictor of primary patency, and antiplatelet agent (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.33–0.84; p = 0.007) and large-diameter cephalic vein (HR 0.52; 95% CI 0.31–0.86; p = 0.012) were positive predictors of primary patency. Older age (HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.07; p = 0.011) and anatomic variant in cephalic arch (HR 2.9; 95% CI 1.19–7.06; p = 0.019) were negative predictors of secondary patency. The current study provides insight into the clinical significance of anatomic variant in cephalic arch. Anatomic variant in cephalic arch should be considered as a potential risk factor for decreased patency of brachiocephalic fistula during preoperative planning.
BuscoPhylo: a webserver for Busco-based phylogenomic analysis for non-specialists
Authors: Sahbou Alae-Eddine , Iraqi Driss , Mentag Rachid , Khayi Slimane
Published: October 2022

Here we present the BuscoPhylo tool that enables both students and established scientists to easily perform Busco-based phylogenomic analysis starting from a set of genomes sequences. BuscoPhylo is an efficient and user-friendly web server freely accessible at https://buscophylo.inra.org.ma/. The source code, along with documentation, is freely available under an MIT license at https://github.com/alaesahbou/BuscoPhylo.
Hermite–Hadamard type inequality for (E, F)-convex functions and geodesic (E, F)-convex functions
Authors: Saleh Wedad
Published: October 2022

The main aim of the present paper is to introduce geodesic (E, F)-convex sets and geodesic (E, F)-functions on a Riemannian manifold. Furthermore, some basic properties of these mappings are investigated. Moreover, the Hadamard-type inequalities for (E, F)-convex functions are proven.
Allergies in Phlebology: A National Survey and Review of Literature
Authors: Visch Birgitte M. , de Roos Kees-Peter
Published: October 2022

Background Type I and type IV hypersensitivity can play an important role in phlebology with potential severe consequences for patients and treatment results.

Methods A review of literature was performed for allergic reactions in patients treated for venous insufficiency and venous leg ulcers (VLU), together with a study in the Dutch and European centre for adverse drug reactions. Besides, we performed a survey among 37 Dutch medical hospitals to investigate the incidence of treatment allergies.

Results Hypersensitivity reaction is seen in 46–76% of patient with VLU; about 20% of these reactions are caused by wound dressings products. In 11 centres urticarial and respiratory complaints were seen and 3 systemic allergic reactions in phlebological treatments. In Europe 25 cases of systemic reactions were reported.

Conclusion Patients with VLU with slow healing tendency should undergo allergy tests. Type I hypersensitivity with anaphylactic reaction, also to sclerosing fluid or tumescent, is very rare.
Tiefe Venenthrombose – Diagnostik und Abklärung Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Lindner Lars H.
Published: October 2022

Die frühzeitige Diagnose und Therapie von tiefen Venenthrombosen vermindern das Risiko für eine Lungenembolie und ein postthrombotisches Syndrom. In diesem Beitrag wird erklärt, welche Schritte für die Diagnosestellung von Bedeutung sind und welche Ursachen der tiefen Venenthrombose zugrunde liegen können.
Hemostasis from Bench to Bedside: The History of Three Successful Stories of Translational Medicine
Authors: Tripodi Armando
Published: October 2022

Looking at the history of hemostasis, one can easily conclude that most of the achievements we see today have been done through the ingenuity and dedication of scientists, who devoted their efforts to translate the basic concepts behind their hypotheses from the laboratory to the patient bedside. I am personally excited by three of these stories. This article aims to review the history on the development of D-dimer, heparin, and coagulometers, which have been chosen as paradigmatic examples of diagnostic testing, drugs, and measuring devices, respectively. They should be considered among the most successful histories of translational medicine.
Chancen und Herausforderungen: Leistungsbasiertes Controlling im Krankenhaus
Authors: Schock Johanna , Herbst Vanessa
Published: October 2022

Um mit den großen Herausforderungen der Kliniklandschaft, wie Pandemie und Lieferengpässen, umzugehen, bedarf es einer interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit zwischen strategischem Einkauf und kaufmännischem Controlling.
Artikel-Clearing: Wie „Schmitz-Backes“ putzen lernte – durch automatisierte Prozesse zu sauberen Stammdaten
Authors: Berse Olaf
Published: October 2022

Mit einem Artikel-Clearing-System ist die Zuordnung und Synchronisation von Krankenhaus-Stammdaten mit den gängigen MaWi-Systemen Amor3, Orbis und SAP R3 ohne Probleme durchführbar.
Artikelstammdaten: Healthcare Content Data Portal (HCDP) avanciert zum Branchenstandard
Authors: Bumm Benedikt , Hoffmann Axel
Published: October 2022

Das Healthcare Content Data Portal (HCDP) bringt Entlastungen für die Stammdatenpflege: Für alle elektronischen Prozesse entlang Einkauf und Logistik stehen mit dem Portal Artikelinformationen in einem einheitlichen Format und in geprüfter Qualität bereit. Inzwischen ist das Portal als Branchenlösung etabliert und wurde von der GS1 mit dem Healthcare Award 2022 ausgezeichnet.
Erfahrungsbericht: Die neue Erfolgsformel: Eine zentralisierte Softwaresteuerung
Authors: Keil Christian
Published: October 2022

Die Sana Krankenhaus Logistik GmbH bietet allen Sana-Standorten die Möglichkeit, auf zentrale sowie Cloud-basierte Softwareanwendungen, beispielsweise für die Transportsteuerung, zuzugreifen. Das schafft bereichsübergreifende Synergien, erhöht die Qualität des Benchmarkings und verhilft auch kleinen Häusern zu einem großen Digitalisierungsschub.
Digitale Transformation: Digitaler Reifegrad der Krankenhauslogistik
Authors: Kriegel Johannes
Published: October 2022

Die digitale Transformation erfasst nach und nach sämtliche Bereiche der Krankenhausversorgung. Die Krankenhauslogistik ist diesbezüglich ein Funktionsbereich, der schon früh mit den Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung und Prozessveränderung konfrontiert wurde. Vor diesem Hintergrund gilt es, diese Entwicklungen sowohl bezogen auf die Krankenhauslogistik als auch auf die gesamte Krankenhausorganisation weiter zu forcieren.
Modeling the effects of competing criminal gangs
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: October 2022

Adapting an infectious disease model to study criminal behavior reveals competition interactions between rival gangs.
Neural representational geometry underlies few-shot concept learning
Authors: Sorscher Ben , Ganguli Surya , Sompolinsky Haim
Published: October 2022

Understanding the neural basis of the remarkable human cognitive capacity to learn novel concepts from just one or a few sensory experiences constitutes a fundamental problem. We propose a simple, biologically plausible, mathematically tractable, and computationally powerful neural mechanism for few-shot learning of naturalistic concepts. We posit that the concepts that can be learned from few examples are defined by tightly circumscribed manifolds in the neural firing-rate space of higher-order sensory areas. We further posit that a single plastic downstream readout neuron learns to discriminate new concepts based on few examples using a simple plasticity rule. We demonstrate the computational power of our proposal by showing that it can achieve high few-shot learning accuracy on natural visual concepts using both macaque inferotemporal cortex representations and deep neural network (DNN) models of these representations and can even learn novel visual concepts specified only through linguistic descriptors. Moreover, we develop a mathematical theory of few-shot learning that links neurophysiology to predictions about behavioral outcomes by delineating several fundamental and measurable geometric properties of neural representations that can accurately predict the few-shot learning performance of naturalistic concepts across all our numerical simulations. This theory reveals, for instance, that high-dimensional manifolds enhance the ability to learn new concepts from few examples. Intriguingly, we observe striking mismatches between the geometry of manifolds in the primate visual pathway and in trained DNNs. We discuss testable predictions of our theory for psychophysics and neurophysiological experiments.