bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of the effects of sharing popular music on well-being and family relationships during COVID-19: A preliminary study of a group of Chinese families
Authors: Zhou (周丹卿) Danqing
Published: April 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the frustration and frightening circumstances of people living in a limited space for months amplified even the smallest daily problems among family members. Families’ well-being became an immediate and important issue. I studied 189 Chinese families and examined their attitudes towards popular music and awareness in using it to improve their family relationships and well-being. The research questions were: How much time did the participants spend on music activities during the lockdown period compared to other leisure activities? What popular music activities were used, and how were they used? What were the Chinese families’ attitudes and perceptions towards sharing and performing popular music to support their relationships and well-being? Most participants believed that music had positive effects on their mood and well-being. Making and sharing popular music with family members improved family relationships.
Korelasi Pengetahuan Ibu Terhadap Pemberian Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu dengan Pendidikan Ibu dan Status Nutrisi Bayi usia 6-24 Bulan
Authors: Norberta Jesslyn , Rohmawati Lili
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang. Pemberian MPASI dimulai pada usia 6 bulan dan berperan penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi bayi agar tumbuh kembang dapat optimal. Salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi pemberian MPASI yang baik adalah tingkat pengetahuan ibu.Tujuan. Mengetahui korelasi antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu terhadap pemberian MPASI dengan tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status nutrisi bayi usia 6-24 bulan.Metode. Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan potong lintang dilakukan di Puskesmas Tanjung Marulak, Kota Tebing Tinggi, Sumatera Utara, dari bulan September – November 2020. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu dan bayinya usia 6-24 bulan yang membawa buku KIA dengan data berat badan dan tinggi badan bayi yang lengkap. Subjek memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Analisis data digunakan uji korelasi Spearman.Hasil. Seratus delapan ibu mengikuti penelitian ini. Jumalah ibu berpengetahuan sedang 50 (46,3%), berpendidikan SMA 38 (35,2%), dan status nutrisi bayi baik 80 (74,1%). Terdapat korelasi positif kuat antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu terhadap pemberian MPASI dengan tingkat pendidikan ibu dan status nutrisi bayi usia 6-24 bulan (r=0,533 dan r=0,563, p<0,05).Kesimpulan. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan ibu terhadap MPASI berkorelasi positif pada status nutrisi bayi.
DYNAMICS OF THE ACCUMULATION OF FRUCTOSE-CONTAINING CARBOHYDRATES IN THE UN-DERGROUND ORGANS OF PLANTS FROM DIFFERENT FAMILIES
Authors: Vasfilova Evgenia Samuilovna , Vorob'eva Tat'yana Andreyevna
Published: April 2022

Fructose-containing carbohydrates (fructans) are sources of reserve nutrients for plants and ensure their adaptation to stressful environmental influences. We studied variability of content of these compounds during growing season. In species of Dicotyledonous (Echinacea pallida, Tussilago farfara (Asteraceae), Lithospermum officinale, Symphytum officinale (Boraginaceae)) content of glucofructans during the period of active growth was low, a significant part of them were low molecular weight compounds. By the end of growing season polymerization index rised and high molecular weight glucofructans prevailed. The separation in time of processes of intensive growth and accumulation of fructans was observed.

For species of Allium (Monocotyledonous), maximum content of glucofructans was observed during the period of flowering and fruiting. In species of bulbous life form (A. caeruleum, A. aflatunense), accumulation of high molecular weight glucofructans proceeded simultaneously with a period of intensive growth and budding, polymerization index increased from the regrowth and reached a maximum by the time of flowering. In species of bulbous-rhizomatous life form (A. obliquum, A. ledebourianum, A. victorialis), content of glucofructans did not change during intensive growth or fell. The polymerization index decreased during this period, but reached its maximum during flowering and fruiting.

Generative individuals of a number of species contained less low molecular weight glucofructans than virginal ones, but they had a greater amount of high molecular weight glucofructans and an increased polymerization index. These age states did not differ in the sum of glucofructans.
ACCUMULATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS BY MEDICINAL PLANTS IN THE NERCHINSK STEPPE (TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY)
Authors: Makarov Vladimir Petrovich , Larin Vyacheslav Sergeyevich , Mikheeva Natal'ya Yur'yevna , Solodukhina Mariya Anatol'yevna , Malykh Ol'ga Fedorovna , Banshchikova Ekaterina Anatolievna , Zhelibo Tat'yana Vital'yevna
Published: April 2022

A number of valuable medicinal plants will grow in the Trans-Baikal Territory, but there is not enough information on the content of chemical elements in them, including vital and toxic ones. The aim of the work was to study the content of chemical elements in medicinal plants in one of the districts of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The concentration of 43 chemical elements in the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata, Paeonia lactiflora and Phlojodicarpus sibiricus growing in the Nerchinsk steppe (Eastern Transbaikalia) was studied. Soil samples were taken at the plant growth sites to analyze the granulometric composition, pH, content of mobile forms N, P, K, and a number of trace elements. The ecological conditions of the habitat were noted: the height above sea level, the exposure and steepness of the slope, the type and floral composition of the plant community. The roots of the plants, after being released from the ground, were placed in cloth bags and dried. At each site, a mixed sample of 5–15 roots was taken, depending on the weight of the root. Chemical analysis of the soil and plants was carried out in certified laboratories in Moscow. Kostroma and Khabarovsk. In the roots of plants, the concentration of Ti, Cr, Sc, La, Ce, Li, Nb and a number of other elements was found to be high relative to the Clark of terrestrial plants, and the content of Mn, Tl, Se, Cd and other elements was relatively low. The concentration of toxic elements Pb, Cd and Hg did not exceed the MPC in the medicinal raw materials, and the accumulation of As exceeded the MPC in the medicinal raw materials by 4–6 times. The studies conducted in this area were conducted for the first time, they allow us to judge the quality of medicinal raw materials, and in the future, to compare the results with other areas of plant growth.
Mass screening is a key component to fight against SARS-CoV-2 and return to normalcy
Authors: Feng Zhaomin , Zhang Yi , Pan Yang , Zhang Daitao , Zhang Lei , Wang Quanyi
Published: April 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had highly transmissible and pathogenic, which caused serious economic loss and hazard to public health. Different countries have developed strategies to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic that fit their epidemiological situations, capacities, and values. Mass screening combined with control measures rapidly reduced the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically highlighted the essential role of diagnostics capacity in the control of communicable diseases. Mass screening has been increasingly used to detect suspected COVID-19 cases and their close contacts, asymptomatic case, patients attending fever clinics, high-risk populations, employees, even all population to identify infectious individuals. Mass screening is a key component to fight against SARS-CoV-2 and return to normalcy. Here we describe the history of mass screening, define the scope of mass screening, describe its application scenarios, and discuss the impact and challenges of using this approach to control COVID-19. We conclude that through a comprehension screening program and strong testing capabilities, mass screening could help us return to normalcy more quickly.
Research progress of carbon materials in the field of three-dimensional printing polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Bianhong Li , Wei Qi , Qiong Wu
Published: April 2022

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is an additive manufacturing technology designed to rapidly process and manufacture complex geometrical components based on computer model design. Based on a 3D data model, materials are accumulated layer by layer through computer control, and the 3D model is finally turned into a stereoscopic object. Compared with traditional manufacturing methods, 3D printing technology has the advantages of saving man-hours, easy operation, no need for molds, and strong controllability of component geometry. With the development of this technology, according to the core materials and equipment and other elements of the printing molding technology, several types of 3D printing technologies such as fused deposition modeling, selective laser sintering, stereolithography, and solvent cast-3D printing have gradually formed. This review focuses on the principles and characteristics of several of the most representative 3D printing molding processes. And based on carbon nanomaterial (carbon fibers, graphene, and carbon nanotubes) reinforced polymer composite materials, the research progress of different 3D printing molding processes in recent years is reviewed. At the same time, the commercial application of 3D printing molding process in this field is analyzed and prospected.
Evidence of distorted proprioception and postural control in studies of experimentally induced pain: a critical review of the literature
Authors: Efstathiou Michalis A. , Giannaki Christoforos D. , Roupa Zoe , Hadjisavvas Stelios , Stefanakis Manos
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Deficits in proprioception and postural control are common in patients with different musculoskeletal pain syndromes. It has been proposed that pain can negatively affect proprioception and postural control at a peripheral level, however research is limited to animal studies. Human studies have shown that it is more likely, that the link between pain and proprioceptive deficits, lies within changes in the central nervous system where noxious and non-noxious stimuli may overlap. In clinical studies, causality cannot be determined due to other factors which could confound the assessment such as pathophysiological features of the underlying musculoskeletal disorder and different psycho-social influences especially in patients with chronic pain. On the other hand, experimentally induced pain in healthy participants is able to control most of these confounding factors and perhaps offers an assessment of the effects of pain on proprioception and postural control. The aim of this paper is to critically appraise the literature related to the effect of experimentally induced pain on proprioception and postural control. Results from these studies are discussed and limitations are highlighted for future research.

Methods

A search of databases (Medline, Scopus, PubMed) was conducted as well as reference check from relevant articles published since 2000. Fifteen studies which explored the effect of experimentally induced pain on postural control and ten studies which explored the effect of experimentally induced pain on proprioception were included.

Results

We found that in the majority of the studies, postural control was negatively affected by experimentally induced pain. Results for proprioception were mixed depending on the body region and the way the painful stimuli were delivered. Kinesthesia was negatively affected in two studies, while in one study kinesthesia was enhanced. Joint position sense was not affected in four out of five studies. Finally, force sense was affected in three out of four studies.

Conclusions

From a clinical point of view, findings from the available literature suggest that experimentally induced pain impairs postural control and could potentially increases the risk for falls in patients. Interventions aiming to reduce pain in these patients could lead to preservation or improvement of their balance. On the other hand, the same conclusion cannot be drawn for the effect of experimentally induced pain on kinesthesia and joint position sense due to the limited number of studies showing such an effect.
Willingness to pay price premium for products of Croatian family farms
Authors: Turčić Irena , Cerović Ljerka , Maradin Dario
Published: April 2022

The aim of this research is to examine whether consumers in Croatia behave ethically, focusing on whether they believe that family farm products have ethical attributes and whether they are willing to pay a higher price (premium) for such products. Given the specificity of the market niche of family farm products, the paper provides an innovative and different view of the product market with a focus on characteristics rather than the good itself. In the paper, family farm products are viewed as goods with ethical attributes, ethics in consumer behavior is examined, as well as the extent to which consumers are willing to pay a price premium for an ethical good, i.e., its ethical attributes. The sample consisted of 143 participants aged between 20 and 71. The results show that consumers in Croatia commonly behave ethically, perceive the characteristics of family farm products as ethical and are willing to pay a price premium for these products. Women perceive family farm products more ethically, and consumers perceive family farm products to have ethical attributes regardless of how frequently they buy these products.
Air- and dustborne fungi in repositories of the National Archive of the Republic of Cuba
Authors: Borrego Sofia , Vivar Isbel , Molina Alian
Published: April 2022

This study has as objectives to determine the concentration and diversity of the air- and dustborne mycobiota in seven National Archive of the Republic of Cuba repositories, and to assess the potential risk of biodeterioration that isolated taxa may have. In the indoor and outdoor environmental microbiological samplings a SAS biocollector was used and the indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio was determined for each repository. The settled dust was collected during six months. Sørensen's coefficient of similarity (QS) was calculated to compare the isolated taxa among the three studied niches (indoor air, dust, outdoor air). The biodegradation potential of the isolated taxa was determined by semi-quantitative tests. The concentrations in the air of repositories with natural cross-ventilation ranged from 225.2-750.3 CFU m-3, while in the Map library with air-conditioning the concentration was significantly lower. The I/O ratios ranged from 0.1-1.7 revealing different environ- mental qualities. The maximum settled dust load was 22.8 mg/m2/day with a top fungal concentration of 6000 CFU g-1. 14 and eleven genera were detected in the air and dust respectively with predominance of the genera Aspergillus, Cladosporium and Penicillium. A QS of 0.8 was obtained between the indoor and the outdoor environments with eleven taxa similar evidencing the incidence of outdoors on the indoor mycobiota. The isolated taxa showed several biodeteriogenic attributes highlighting twelve and 14 taxa from indoor air and dust respectively with positive results for the five tests performed. This demonstrates the potential risk that fungal environmental represent for the preserved documentary heritage.
Fatty acid metabolism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A double-edged sword
Authors: Quinonez Camila G. , Lee Jae Jin , Lim Juhyeon , Odell Mark , Lawson Christopher P. , Anyogu Amarachukwu , Raheem Saki , Eoh Hyungjin
Published: April 2022

Unlike other heterotrophic bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can co-catabolize a range of carbon sources simultaneously. Evolution of Mtb within host nutrient environment allows Mtb to consume the host’s fatty acids as a main carbon source during infection. The fatty acid-induced metabolic advantage greatly contributes to Mtb’s pathogenicity and virulence. Thus, the identification of key enzymes involved in Mtb’s fatty acid metabolism is urgently needed to aid new drug development. Two fatty acid metabolism enzymes, phos-phoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and isocitrate lyase (ICL) have been intensively studied as promising drug targets, but recently, Quinonez et al. (mBio, doi: 10.1128/mbio.03559-21) highlighted a link between the fatty acid-induced dormancy-like state and drug tolerance. Using metabolomics profiling of a PEPCK-deficient mutant, Quinonez et al. identified that over-accumulation of methylcitrate cycle (MCC) intermediates are phenotypically associated with enhanced drug tolerance against first- and second-line TB antibiotics. This finding was further corroborated by metabolomics and phenotypic characterization of Mtb mutants lacking either ICL or 2-methylcitrate dehydratase. Fatty acid metabolism induced drug-tolerance was also recapitulated in wildtype Mtb after treatment with authentic 2-methylisocitrate, an MCC intermediate. Together, the fatty acid-induced dormancy-like state and drug tolerance are attributed to dysregulated MCC activity.
Derecho y ordenamiento de la conducta.
Authors: Urbina Francisco J. , Contreras Fernando
Published: April 2022

En este artículo se explora la forma en que el derecho ordena la conducta humana. El argumento se construye sobre el supuesto elemental según el cual el derecho aspira a ordenar la conducta de las personas, y se inserta en la teorización de Lon Fuller sobre los desiderata del Estado de Derecho. El objetivo del artículo es presentar, justificar y analizar la tesis de que el derecho ordena la conducta de manera principalmente directa, es decir, no mediante manipulación o estímulos sino significando un orden deseado. Siguiendo la metodología de Fuller, consistente en identificar las condiciones para que el derecho genere orden, se concluye que la ordenación directa de la conducta es más eficaz y, además, consistente con la dignidad moral de aquellos sujetos al derecho. Así, se propone un desideratum adicional a la articulación de Fuller: que el derecho ordene la conducta humana de manera directa.
[RETRACTED] Dr Phil CBD Gummies: It Really Work and improves bone health? v1
Authors: not provided Jacquelinmkoij
Published: April 2022

[RETRACTED]

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Bayesian Inference of Seismogenic Stress for the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, Earthquake
Authors: Walbert Olivia Leigh , Hetland Eric Andreas
Published: April 2022

We use a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation strategy to estimate the state of pre-earthquake stress from eight published coseismic slip models (CSMs) of the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake. Our estimation relies on the Wallace–Bott assumption, which equates the direction of slip and the orientation of maximum shear stress along a fault plane, and is analogous to methods that infer stress from focal mechanisms. We infer the orientations and relative magnitudes of the principal components of tensorial stress preceding the 2016 Mw 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, earthquake as stress posterior probability density functions (PDFs). We find that the orientations of the principal stresses are well resolved, with weaker to no resolution of the relative magnitudes of the principal stresses. We form a nonmutually exclusive composite posterior PDF as an aggregate of the individual posterior PDFs estimated from each CSM, which allows for the true coseismic slip to be included in any or all of the CSMs. We find that the Kaikōura earthquake can be described by a homogeneous pre-earthquake tensorial stress, despite the complex pattern of slip on multiple fault segments. This state of crustal stress is best represented by an Andersonian thrust regime with a west-northwest–east-southeast trending, horizontal most compressive stress. In addition to describing the state of pre-earthquake stress, the nonmutually exclusive composite posterior PDF allows for the evaluation of the mechanical consistency of the features within CSMs, both individually and as an ensemble. The estimated stress posteriors allow for testing of the CSMs for consistency with known slip mechanisms on the Hope fault, as well as arbitration between differences in inferred slip presented by the CSMs.
GHANAIAN CLAY PRACTICES: A RETHINKING
Authors: Nortey Samuel , Bodjawah Edwin K.
Published: April 2022

This paper discusses Ghanaian clay practices and how their histories and some practices limit their clay discourse, creating a disconnect from ecologies of practice. Western contemporary and academic ceramics communities acknowledge the present and historic lack of diversity and inclusion of Global south indigenous practice, a condition that has been constant since there has been a conception of “contemporary ceramics”. Documentation of art has been largely the exclusive province of art historians, yet, Ghana never had art history has a major in any Ghanaian university including Achimota School that was set up by the colonial government. There are several ceramic material sites but no processing industries for creating products. This paper signals a rethinking of forms, economic exchange, materiality and recommends that it is expedient to expand Ghanaian clay practice discourse in all forms to connect to the ecologies of practice by forward-thinking, looking at the indigenous ceramic medium outside the pigeonhole, and pushing the boundaries of conventional Ghanaian ceramics.
A Pedagogy of Inclusion for All Students: Three Small Steps Forward to Achieve Socially Just Education for All
Authors: Buchanan Dawna Lisa , Song HeeGyoung
Published: April 2022

This article chronicles the findings of two university professors who wanted to support cultural awareness and competence in their teacher education students at both pre-service and graduate levels. Many of their students did not understand the concept of social justice as it applies to classroom practice. The authors propose a model for first approaching the topic of culturally inclusive pedagogy that begins with self-awareness; progresses to understanding and valuing others; and advances as action in the educational setting to support equity for all. This is not a comprehensive model, but addresses beginning steps for creating an inclusive, diverse classroom community.
Farming Households' Perception on Natural Disaster Impacts to Livelihoods and Adaptation Practices: A Case Study of Coastal Provinces in Central Vietnam
Authors: Mai Ngo Thanh , Truong Dinh Duc
Published: April 2022

Vietnam is one of the countries most affected by natural disasters in the Asia Pacific. In the context of climate change, natural disasters tend to increase in both frequency and intensity, negatively affecting the livelihoods of communities, especially poor farmers. In Vietnam, the central region is identified as the most vulnerable to natural disasters, especially for poor households with high exposure and low adaptive capacity. This study was conducted in 4 coastal provinces in Central Vietnam to evaluate farmers' perception of natural disaster impacts on livelihoods and their adaptation practices. We employed the analytical framework by DFID and IPCC for households’ capital and livelihood assessment in combination with perception evaluation approach from literature. The method used for analysis include quantitative and qualitative approaches. A survey of 444 farming households randomly selected to collect primary data. In addition, indepth interviews with key informants were also carried out to get more insight of the story. Research results show that local people are quite aware of the change in frequency and intensity of natural disasters. Despite fairly good perception of the impacts of natural disasters, the adaptive capacity of farmers is low due to the lack of adaptive capital, including physical, natural, human, financial, and social capital. Faced with natural disasters, people have taken many adaptation measures to maintain their livelihoods, including indigenous knowledge. The study also shows farmers need support to strengthen their disaster resilience through access to information, knowledge, technology, and financial capital. In addition, the link between livelihoods and climate change should also be further developed with different dimension so that a full picture is formed for proper management strategies.
Electronic Services Management in Local Governance – Evidence from a Transitional Economy
Authors: Mustafa Naim , Bajrami Adrian , Islami Xhavit
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study is to measure the impact of electronic services management on local government. Thus, it aims to provide empirical evidence on the factors that influence citizens’ willingness to use e-services. This study analyses the role of factors such as: awareness of electronic services, poor infrastructure and technical problems (quality of electronic services) in using e-services. The study was conducted based on data collected through a self-administered questionnaire from 130 citizens of the Republic of Kosovo, in the Gjilan region, and from three managers who manage e-services in the municipality. Whereas, to analyze these data was used SPSS as statistical software. The results show that factors such as accessibility at any time, reduction of waiting time and quality of information are the most important factors that increase the importance and willingness of using e-services. In addition, the use of e-services is positively related to the management of electronic services, awareness about electronic services and the quality of electronic services offered. The study contributes theoretically and empirically, to the knowledge about the management of electronic services on local government. This work becomes relevant for policymakers to understand in depth the specific challenges faced by users of electronic services.
Causality between Regional Economic Independence and Decentralization on Poverty Alleviation and Community Welfare Mediated by Economic Development
Authors: Sadarrudin Muhammad Alvianto Putra Arizandi , Rochaida Eny , Hasid Zamruddin , Suharto Rahcmad Budi
Published: April 2022

Poverty and welfare are concrete problems that do not end, especially in developing and poor countries. The East Kalimantan Province, which contributes the most to Indonesia’s natural wealth, has actually experienced economic and social degradation. This study has the ambition to identify the causality between regional economic independence, decentralization, and regional economic development on poverty alleviation and community welfare in East Kalimantan Province during the 2013-2018 period. Panel data collected from nine objects, then interpreted with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique as an empirical approach to test ten hypotheses. WarpPLS software applied to interpret the data. There are eight findings that are in line with the hypothesis, where regional economic independence has a positive-significant effect on regional economic development, but in fact it has a negative-significant effect on poverty alleviation. Regional economic development has a negative-significant effect on poverty alleviation, but it has a positive-significant effect on community welfare. Regional economic development has mediated the relationship between regional economic independence and decentralization on poverty alleviation and community welfare. In addition, poverty alleviation has a significant negative effect on community welfare, but has mediated the relationship between regional economic development and community welfare. Two conclusions in the new findings are in sharp focus because they contradict the hypothesis, namely that decentralization has a significant negative effect on regional economic development and community welfare. Practical and theoretical contributions apply to reveal the linkages between economic aspects of local development to support sustainability. The refinement of methods, data, variables, and analytical techniques is an important note for the follow-up agenda.
Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from coated skewers sold in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Authors: Somda Namwin Siourimè , Kaboré Donatien , Tankoano Abel , Somda Marius K. , Ouattara Aminata , Paré Adama , Sawadogo-Lingani Hagrétou
Published: April 2022

Coated skewers are very popular in Ouagadougou. This work aim to assess the microbial quality of coated skewers sold in streets of Ouagadougou and their isolated Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas spp antimicrobial resistance. A total of 30 coated skewers samples were collected from various processors for microbial analysis using standard methods. The antimicrobial resistance test was performed using the agar plate diffusion method. The microbial load varied from 6.0×104 -1.7×108 cfu/g (aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB)), 1.5×10-2.7×107 cfu/g (coliform), 0.0 to 6.1×101 (S. aureus) and 10-25 cfu/g (Pseudomonas spp.). Globally, 70% (21/30), 30% (09/30), 40% (12/30) and 6.67% (02/30) of the analyzed samples were unacceptable based on the load of AMB, coliform, S. aureus and Pseudomonas spp., respectively. Four coated skewers were contaminated by Pseudomonas spp. About susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, 91.67% of S. aureus strains were resistant to ceftazidime and aztreonam, while a low resistance rate was observed for the others antibiotics. Pseudomonas spp strains, were resistant to cotrimoxazol (75%) but sensitive to the other antibiotics. These results highlight poor hygienic conditions of coated skewers preparation in Ouagadougou. These practices contribute to their microbial contamination. Isolated bacteria showed different level of resistance to the tested antibiotics. There is a need of good manufacturing practices to improve the hygienic quality of coated skewers.
Classifying Features of Electroencephalography Signal to Detect Driver Drowsiness in the Early Drowsy Stage
Authors: Houshmand Sara , Kazemi Reza , Salmanzadeh Hamed
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective: Driver drowsiness is one of the major reasons of severe accidents worldwide. In this study, an electroencephalography (EEG) measurement-based approach has been proposed to detect driver drowsiness.
Materials and Methods: The driving tests were conducted in a driving simulator to collect brain data in the alert and drowsy states. Nineteen healthy men participated in these tests. The EEG signals were recorded from the central, parietal, and occipital regions of the brain. 12 features of EEG signal were extracted; then through neighborhood component analysis (NCA), a feature selection method, 6 features including mean, standard deviation (SD), kurtosis, energy, entropy, and power of alpha band in 11-15 Hz, where alpha spindles occur, were selected. For the drowsiness stages assessment, the Observer Rating of Drowsiness (ORD) was applied. Four classifiers including k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), classification tree, and Naive Bayes were employed to classify data.
Results: The classification trees detected drowsiness in the early stage with 88.55%. The classification results showed that if only single-channel P4 was used for detecting drowsiness, the better performance could be achieved in comparison to using data of all channels (C3, C4, P3, P4, O1, O2) together. The best performances were 93.13% which were obtained by the classification tree based on data of single-channel P4.
Conclusion: This study suggested that the driver drowsiness was detectable based on single-channel P4 in the early stage.
Investigating the Relationship between Sleep Quality and Career Adaptability with Occupational Burnout among Employees
Authors: Noorollahi Atefe , Pordelan Nooshin , Khalijian Sadaf , Koohi Amir Hasan , Abbasi Morteza
Published: April 2022

Background and Objective: Disruption of the sleep cycle normal functioning of body system with a significant effect on various dimensions of human lives such as career-related variables. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and career adaptability with occupational burnout and to compare them among employees with low and normal sleep quality.
Materials and Methods: In terms of objective and nature, this study was an applied-descriptive, correlational, and causal-comparative study. The statistical population of the study included a private company in Tehran Province, Iran, where 286 people were selected using simple random sampling as the sample and after completing career adaptability, occupational burnout, and sleep quality scales, the relationship between variables was investigated.
Results: The findings indicated a significant negative relationship between sleep quality and occupational burnout and its dimensions. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was found between career adaptability of people with normal sleep and low sleep (P < 0.0500) and people with normal sleep quality showed lower occupational burnout and higher career adaptability. In comparing female and male groups regarding career adaptability and occupational burnout, the results showed that a significant difference exists between them in emotional exhaustion; females obtained larger mean values compared to men and no significant difference was observed among the components.
Conclusion: Given the findings of this study, it can be concluded that sleep, in addition to decreasing occupational burnout, leads to higher career adaptability among employees.
Effect of Particulate Properties of Inhaled Dry Powder Formulation on Bioavailability, Dissolution Rate of Drug Particles and Rate of Drug Removal from the Body
Authors: Alizadeh Ali Akbar , Hamishehkar Hamed , Yaqoubi Shadi
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The use of pulmonary drug delivery as a non-invasive drug delivery system for the systemic treatment of diseases as well as the topical treatment of respiratory diseases is increasing. Among the various inhaled formulations, inhaled dry powders show advantages over the other forms of inhaled medicines due to high stability, bioavailability and ease of use. The effect of particle properties on the rate of drug delivery to the lungs in inhaled dry powders has been investigated in previous papers.
Conclusion: Since the physicochemical properties of particles of dry powder inhalation formulations such as particle size, surface and particle shape, as well as the electrical charge of the particles play a decisive role in drug pharmacokinetics, in the present review article we intended to discuss the effect of these parameters of inhaled dry powder formulations on bioavailability, dissolution rate of drug particles and the rate of drug clearance from the body.
Study of Lifestyle during Covid-19 Epidemic in Nursing Students of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2020
Authors: Salmani Naiire , Kahrizsangi Mojgan Baraty , Kafi Fatemeh
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The spread of COVID-19 rapidly affected the daily lives of individuals, including students. It has led to changes in students' usual curricula and nursing students' lifestyles. It has affected not only on the personal life and health of nursing students but also the lifestyle and health of other people in the community. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the lifestyle of nursing students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020.
Methods: This was a cross sectional  study in 2020 on 171 nursing students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services using the convenience sampling method. To collect the required data, demographic information form and lifestyle questionnaire during the COVID-19 epidemic were used. The collected data were then analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics methods (independent t-test and ANOVA).
Results: The mean and deviation score of students' general lifestyle was at a moderate level, 38.08 ± 16.8. Mean and deviation scores of both happy and healthy lifestyles were at a low level, 21.66 ± 9.4 and 16.42 ± 8.5, respectively. There was no significant relationship between demographic characteristics and mean lifestyle score (P≥0.05).
Conclusion: Due to the fact that students' lifestyle are at a moderate level and the score of lifestyle components (both happy and healthy) was at a poor level, and given that the end of the COVID-19 pandemic is uncertain, therefore, it is necessary for managers and officials of universities and the Ministry of Health to plan timely and effective interventions to improve the lifestyle of nursing students.
NLRP-3 Expression in Pancreatic Tissue Following Moderate and High Intensity Interval Training with Liposomal Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplement in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Fatemi Seyed Abdollah , Frzaneh Hesari Amin , Dadban Shahamat Mino
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Activation of NLRP-3 Inflammasome is considered an indicator of chronic inflammation in type 2 diabetes. Regular exercise training along with antioxidants supplements can control inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of training with different intensity and alpha lipoic acid supplement on pancreatic NLRP-3 expression in diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 35 Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups: control, diabetic, diabetic+ supplement (S), diabetic+ high intensity training (HIT), diabetic+ moderate intensity training (MIT), diabetic+ high intensity training + supplementation (HIT+S), diabetic+ moderate intensity training + supplementation (MIT+S). The HIT and MIT protocols were performed five days a week for six weeks. HIIT included 10 bouts of four minutes running (at 85–90% of VO2max) and MIT, 13 bouts of four minutes running (at 65–70% of VO2max). Alpha lipoic acid was administered orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg was given to rats once a day by gavage. Blood and tissue sample was taken 24 h after last exercise session. Real-time PCR method for the relative expression of NLRP-3 gene expression was used.
Results: Expression of LRP-3 gene in pancreatic tissue was increased significantly in the diabetic group compared to control group (p=0.0001). In addition, S (P = 0.021), MIT (P = 0.009), HIT (P = 0.001), MIT+S (P = 0.003) and HIT+S (P = 0.0001), significantly reduced the NLRP-3 levels in pancreatic tissue compared to the diabetic group.
Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased mRNA NLRP-3 in pancreatic tissue. MIT and HIT plus alpha lipoic acid can be considered as an effective intervention in decreasing pancreatic mRNA NLRP-3 in diabetic rats.
Avtomatska vozila in mobilni roboti v intralogistiki
Authors: Lerher Tone
Published: April 2022

Učbenik obravnava avtomatizacijo in robotizacijo notranjega transporta v intralogistiki, kjer so navedena avtomatsko vodena vozila AGV in avtonomni mobilni roboti AMR. Poleg tehnično-tehnoloških karakteristik AGV in AMR so predstavljene posamezne izvedbe AGV in AMR, ki se uporabljajo širse v logistiki. V učbeniku so posebej obravnavani avtomatski vozički za delo v avtomatiziranih regalnih skladiščnih sistemih in avtonomni mobilni roboti za delovanje v skladiščih prihodnosti. Navedeni so temeljni analitični in numerični modeli za določitev pretočne zmogljivosti AGV in AMR v skladiščnih sistemih. Poleg ze ustaljenih rešitev AGV in AMR v skladiščih v praksi so predstavljeni novi idejni koncepti avtomatiziranih in robotiziranih transportno-skladiščnih sistemov AGV in AMR, ki so trenutno se v fazi koncipiranja in nadaljnjega razvoja.
Kastamonu İlinde Nüfus ve Yerleşmelerin Topografik Faktörlere Göre Dağılımı
Authors: DİLER Zühal , ÖZÇELEBİ Muhammed Akif Özçelebi
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışma, Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin Batı Karadeniz Bölümü’nde yer alan Kastamonu ilinin nüfus ve yerleşim dağılımına etki eden topografik faktörlerden eğim, yükselti ve bakı özelliklerinin etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda şehrin yerleşim alanlarına etki eden topografik faktörler değerlendirilmiş ve haritalandırılmıştır. Çalışma alanında hâkim olan topografik faktörler kısa mesafelerde değişiklik gösterdiği için, nüfus ve yerleşme dağılımlarında farklılıklar görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Topografik özelliklerin farklılık göstermesi ile birlikte bu alanlarda zorlaşan hayat şartları, sınırlı olarak gerçekleştirilen ekonomik ve sosyal aktiviteler, azalan hava sıcaklığı, güneşlenme süresinin kısalması gibi birçok faktör ile birlikte nüfus sayısında da düşüş yaşanmaktadır. Nüfus ve yerleşmelerin dağılımında en önemli parametre olan topografya, Türkiye genelinde olduğu gibi Kastamonu ilinde de en etkili olan doğal unsurdur.
Gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) Kastamonu ili nüfus verilerinden yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca oluşturulan haritalarda Sayısal Yükseklik Modeli (SYM) kullanılmıştır. Yerleşme, akarsu, yol, alan gibi katmanlara erişilmesinde veya bu verilerin sayısallaştırılmasında Google Earth Pro, Esri ArcGIS 10.5, Open Street Map ve Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı gibi uydu görüntüleri ve yazılımların yanı sıra MTA’nın topografya haritalarından yararlanılmıştır. Bu şekilde elde edilen haritalardan, nüfus ve yerleşmelerin topografik faktörlerle ile ilişkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Oluşturulan yükselti haritası, nüfusun 200 metre aralıklarla dağılımını göstermektedir. Ayrıca eğim grupları belirlenerek nüfus ve yerleşme dağılımları bu gruplara göre dağılımı değerlendirilmiştir. Oluşturulan bakı haritasına göre ilde hâkim olan bakı yönleri tespit edilmiştir.
Türkiye de İhracat, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Ekonomik Büyüme ve Karbon Emisyonu İlişkisi
Authors: Yilmazer Mine , Karabiber Batuhan
Published: April 2022

Son yıllarda ticaretin serbestleşmesi ve hızlı sanayileşme faaliyetleri, diğer gelişen piyasa ekonomileri gibi Türkiye’nin de karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonu ve küresel ısınmadaki payını artırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, gerçekleştirilen araştırmalar ve alınacak önlemler gelecek kuşaklar için hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de ihracatın, doğrudan yabancı yatırımların (DYY) ve gayri safi yurt içi hasılanın (GSYİH) çevre kirliliğine olan etkisini test etmektir. Çalışmada ayrıca Türkiye’de kirli sektörlerin ihracatındaki rekabet gücünün son yıllardaki değişimi incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda iki ayrı analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öncelikle 1995-2019 yılları arasında beş kirli sektörün (demir-çelik, kimyasallar, metalik olmayan mineraller, demir dışı metaller ve kâğıt sektörü) ihracatındaki rekabet gücü Balassa (1965)’nın Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlük (AKÜ) Endeksi kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Türkiye’nin demir-çelik, metalik olmayan mineraller ve kâğıt sektöründe karşılaştırmalı üstünlüğü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada Türkiye’de 1974-2019 yılları arasında ihracat, DYY, GSYİH ile CO2 emisyonu arasında uzun dönemli ilişkinin varlığı için ARDL sınır testi ve değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin yönünü belirlemek için Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, ihracat CO2 emisyonunu istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde etkilemektedir. Diğer taraftan, DYY ile CO2 emisyonu arasında güçlü bir bağlantı ve nedensellik ilişkisi ortaya çıkmamıştır.
Effects of gradient and age on energy expenditure and fat metabolism during aerobic exercise at equal intensity in women
Authors: Ahn Ha-Na , Lee Man-Gyoon , Jung Won-Sang
Published: April 2022

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effects of gradient and age on energy expenditure and fat metabolism during aerobic exercise at equal intensity in women.[Methods] Thirty women in their twenties (n=15) and fifties (n =15) were enrolled. All subjects performed aerobic exercise on a treadmill for 10 min at 0% and 6% gradient repeatedly to elicit 50%, 60%, and 70% VO2max.[Results] Energy expenditure and fat oxidation were higher during aerobic exercise at 6% of the gradient than at 0%, and there was no significant difference in carbohydrate oxidation in any age group.[Conclusion] Aerobic exercise at a 6% gradient was more favorable for fat oxidation than a 0% gradient in all age groups. In particular, in the case of women in their fifties, walking on a gradient of 6%, which is favorable for increasing fat oxidation, was more effective than walking on flat ground for preventing and reducing obesity. However, to examine the difference in fat oxidation among exercise intensities more accurately, exercise performed for longer than 30 min is required. Follow-up studies are required to investigate the effect of various gradients on physiological and metabolic characteristics when carrying out aerobic exercises for more than 30 min.
POTENSI TEGAKAN DI KPHL BATU SERAMPOK, PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Sobirin Sobirin , Banuwa Irwan Sukri , Febryano Indra Gumay , Wulandari Christine , Darmawan Arif , Iswandaru Dian
Published: April 2022

Data and information regarding the potential of forest stands is very important in the preparation of Long-Term Forest Management Plan at Forest Management Unit. The purpose of the study was to analyze the potential of stands in the Protected Forest Management Unit Batu Serampok. Data and information were collected using a stratified systematic sampling with random start inventory method, then vegetation was analyzed to obtain an index of importance. The results showed a diversity of potential stands. The species that predominate in the seedling phase are clove (Syzygium aromaticum), because the commodity is easily grown and liked by the community. The species that has the highest importance in the sapling phase is bayur (Pterospermum sp.), This is because the species is included in the semi-intolerant classification and its distribution is quite easy. In the pole phase, the dominant species are bayur and mango (Mangifera indica). The dominance of bayur has decreased in the pole phase due to changes in environmental conditions, adaptability and the presence of other plants developed by the community. Mango also have a fairly dominant number, as well as other types of Multi Purpose Tree Species (MPTS) plants. Then at the tree level, the dominant species include bayur, jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum), teak (Tectona grandis), gondang (Ficus variegata), candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) and petai (Parkia speciosa). In this phase there has been a balance between species of wood forest and MPTS. This happened because of the intervention of the HKm group in determining the types of plants to be developed. The preparation of the RPHJP document in Forest Management Unit should pay attention to the types of plants that are dominant and preferred by the community, especially in the planning part of forest land reforestation program.