bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Treatment of Malunited Fractures of Radius Distal Metaepiphysis
Authors: Golubev I. O , Krupatkin A. I , Maksimov A. A , Merkulov M. V , Bushuev O. M , Shiryaeva G. N , Kutepov I. A , Grishin V. M
Published: October 2020

Sixty three patients with malunited distal radius were treated on from 2008 through 2012. Out of them complex regional pain syndrome was diagnosed in 12 and carpal canal syndrome — in 4 patients. Basing on the examination results the roentgenologic classification of malunited distal radius that enabled to determine the surgical tactics was suggested. Main type of surgical intervention was corrective osteotomy. When radius shortening exceeded 3 mm bone graft from the crest of upper flaring portion of the ilium was used. In patients with complex regional pain syndrome paravasal sympathectomy was performed additionally. In I—II stage of carpal canal syndrome only corrective osteotomy was performed while in II-III stages additional release of hypertrophic transverse carpal ligament and neurolysis in the zone of compression and ischemia were performed. In 12 months after surgery mean score by DASH scale decreased from preoperative 62.2±8.0 to 19.6±7.0 (p
Treatment of Haglundfs Syndrome
Authors: Butaev B. G , Prostko V. G , Mastakyan A. M , Tamoev S. K , Abakarov I. A
Published: October 2020

Experince in treatment of 45 patients with HaglundTs syndrome was presented. In 24 patients open operative technique was applied, 21 patients were treated using endoscopic technique. In 33 out of 45patients treatment results were evaluated 6-24 months after operation. Four criteria took into account: amplitude of foot motion, extremity function, pain intensity and satisfactory of patients. Excellent and good results were achieved in 13 patients after open operation and 15 patients after arthroscopic operation. Advantages of intervention using arthroscopy were shown.
Arthroplasty Using Autologous Multipotent Mesenchymal Cells and Collagen Membrane Chondro-Gide
Authors: Bryanskiy A. I , Kulyaba T. A , Kornilov N. N , Rumakin V. P , Gornostaev V. S
Published: October 2020

Surgical treatment results for 13 patients with local deep defects of the articular surface of femoral condyle are presented. Surgical treatment was performed in two steps. At first step diagnostic arthroscopy with removal of loose intraarticular bodies, resection of injured menisci and harvesting of fat body tissues for multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSC) isolation were applied. Second step consisted of knee arthroplasty; zone of defect was covered with collagen membrane Chondro-Gide under which MMSC were implanted. Control arthroscopy with biopsy of articular surface fragment in the zone of defect restoration was performed to four patients (30.8%) 2 years after arthroplasty. It is shown that after surgical intervention cartilage regeneration goes on owing to fibrillar cartilage formation. In 2 years follow up good results were achieved in 92.3% of cases that proved the efficacy of the elaborated technique for restoration of knee joint function and slowing down of degenerative-dystrophic changes development
Rational Choice of Treatment for Initial Stages of Gonarthrosis in Patients with Systemic Osteoporosis
Authors: Rodionova S. S , Es’kin N. A , Matveeva N. Yu , Morozova N. S
Published: October 2020

Results of open controlled study of 60 outpatients aged 45-70 years, with systemic osteoporosis (postmenopausal and idiopathic) and I-II stages of gonarthrosis by Kellgren - Lawrence classification are presented. All patients were divided into 2 groups: study group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Additional treatment for gonarthrosis (Artra drug for 3 months) was prescribed only to patients from the study group. It was shown that study drug decreased significantly (p
Low Invasive Achilles Tendon Suture in Outpatient Surgery Using Achillon System
Authors: Samkov A. S , Zeinalov V. T , Panov D. E , Koryshkov N. A , Ivanov K. S , Khodjiev A. S , Sobolev K. A
Published: October 2020

Experience in treatment of 10 patients with Achilles tendon subcutaneous traumatic rupture is presented. All patients were men aged from 30 to 54 years. Remoteness of injury was under 10 days. All operations were performed using Achillon system. Follow up period made up from 6 months to 2 years. In 9 patients complete restoration of tendon function with good excursion in the suture zone was confirmed by US examination. In 1 patient failed suture in 8 weeks after surgery required an open tendon suturing. Achillon system combines all possibilities of open suture and advantages of low invasive technique and can be recommended to application in outpatient practice.
Congenital Abnormalities (developmental defects) and Musculoskeletal System Deformities in Children
Authors: Baindurashvili A. G , Solov’yova K. S , Zaletina A. V , Lapkin Yu. A
Published: October 2020

Data of RF Health Ministry official statistics, Federal Genetic Register and Congenital Defects Monitoring Center, and St. Petersburg Diagnostic (Medical Genetic) Center were analyzed. It is stated that within XVII Class of ICD-10 “Congenital abnormalities (developmental defects), deformities and chromosomal disorders” congenital malformations (developmental defects) and musculoskeletal system (MSS) deformities make up 20 - 22% and handicapped children account for 25 - 28%. The rate of MSS abnormalities diagnosed in maternity hospitals is 4.0 - 4.4 per 1000 of newborns. Rate and structure of MSS malformations in newborns and handicapped children was studied and compared. The number of handicapped children with various forms of MSS congenital developmental defects changes with age that reflects both progression of disease and deformity relapse as well as treatment efficacy. Rate indices and data on the structures of various forms of congenital developmental defects may be used for disability prognostication when planning the requirements in treatment and rehabilitation.
Surgical Treatment of Complicated Sacrum Fractures in Unstable Pelvic Injuries. Treatment Experience
Authors: Pak L. F , Volovik V. E , Li O. N , Goncharov I. A , An A. A
Published: October 2020

The majority of unstable pelvic injuries are accompanied by sacrum fractures of different localization. Experience in treatment of 8 patients with multiple concomitant injuries and sacrum fractures at the level of sacrum canal (Denis 3) is presented. All patients with acute condition were admitted into intensive care unit and underwent complex examination. At this step of intensive care the complexity of sacrum fractures and nerve injuries diagnosis is conditioned by the severity of patient’s condition. Patients with pelvic injuries require careful examination for detection of sacrum and nerve injuries in this region. However taking into account the multiplicity of injuries the emergency operation for nerve roots revision is not expedient. At rendering care to such patients the basic principles should be the conception of injuries control with preference given to stable and functional methods of fracture fixation. In our opinion all Denis 3 fractures with neurologic disorders require decompression-stabilizing operations that enable to mobilize patients, to determine and probably to improve the prognosis of neurologic pathology.
Bone Cement and Local Antibiotic Therapy in Purulent Osteology
Authors: Akhtyamov I. F , Kuropatkin G. V , Gatina E. B , Kil’metov T. A , Eryomin I. K , Kurmangaliev E. D
Published: October 2020

In special literature more and more attention is paid to the problem of periprosthetic infection that is stipulated by increasing number of arthroplasties performed all over the world including Russia. Not declining rate of such complications is grounded by the conditions of intervention performance, concomitant diseases and peculiarities of pathogenic microflora. Unfortunately the conventional schemes of systemic therapy are not always applicable in purulent periprosthetic process development that requires local antibiotic delivery. Review of foreign literate is dedicated to the modern aspects of treatment by adding antibiotics to bone cement.
Clinical and Organization Approaches to Application of Innovative Medical Technologies at Rendering High-Tech Medical Care
Authors: Shalygina I. A , Pakhomov I. A , Sadovoy M. A , Prolhorenko V. M , Mamonova E. V
Published: October 2020

Rendering of high-tech medical care (HTMC) is one of the priority directions of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Search of new organizational approaches, elaboration and perfection of medical technologies, introduction of new materials continue. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the expediency of biodegradable constructions use at rendering HTMC to traumatologic and orthopaedic patients. Treatment results for 56 patients with various feet pathology (calcaneus fractures, feet joints deforming arthrosis, Hallus valgus) were analyzed retrospectively. In control group ( n =28) metal constructions and in the main group (n=28) biodegradable constructions were used for bone fragments fixation. In two groups surgical treatment results were comparable, however treatment of patients from the main group was accompanied by significant social and economic effect due to more effective work of the bed as no construction removal was performed and no expenditures for patient’s stay at the hospital and intensive care unit were required. All that contributed to the improvement of patients’ life quality.
Clinical Study of the Influence of Implants Made of Different Metals on the Physical Status of Experimental Animals
Authors: Gatina E. B , Akhtyamov I. F , Shakirova F. V , Manirambona Zh. K
Published: October 2020

Biocompatibility of implants made of steel 12X18H9T, steel 12X18H9T coated with titanium and hafnium nitrides, and steel 12X18H9T coated with titanium and zirconium nitrides was studied in rats. Implants that represented pins 8-10 mm long and 0.5 mm in diameter were inserted intramedullary into the middle third of the tibia after drilling. The ends of pins were turned down and placed under the skin. The wound was sutured tightly. Dynamics of body weight and temperature as well as the condition of the hair, eyes, oral and nasal mucosa were assessed on days 10, 30, 60 and 90 after implantation. It was shown that implants coated with titanium and hafnium nitrides caused minimum systemic and local reactions while implantation of pins coated with titanium and zirconium nitrides resulted in the development of more pronounced inflammatory changes on both the local and systemic level.
Experimental Modelling of the Processes for Connective Tissue Reparative Regeneration under Unfavorable Conditions
Authors: Vlasov M. V , Bugrov S. N , Bogos’yan A. B , Musukhina I. V
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the work was to elaborate experimental model for transverse tenotomy with intersection of facial membranes and mesenteric vessels as well as to study the process of connective tissue reparative regeneration under created conditions. Experiment was performed on 25 chinchilla rabbits of both sexes, aged 1 month with weight 1376 ± 124.8 g. Processes of Achilles tendon reparative regeneration was studied on days 15, 21, 30, 60 and 90 after operation. Histomorphologic study showed that within 30 days after tenotomy the substitution of defect zone with friable, reach in cells and gradually maturating fibrous tissue took place. By the end of day 60 a considerable part of the defect was substituted by dense fibrous connective tissue assumed a scar pattern. On day 90 after tenotomy a reverse development of the defect zone with focal substitution of dense fibrous tissue by friable unformed connective tissue containing histiocytes, lymphoid cells and inclusions of fatty tissue foci was observed. At that term histologic structure of the specimen showed its relatively low mechanical strength. The achieved data enabled to demonstrate that performance of tenotomy with traumatization of peritendinous tissues adversely affected the dynamics and pattern of reparative processes in the tendinosus defect zone.
Ordinary and Activated Osteoplastic Materials
Authors: Deev R. V , Drobyshev A. Yu , Bozo I. Ya
Published: October 2020

Osteoplastic materials are highly required medical devices for bone defects substitution and filling the areas of bone tissue atrophy. Based on analysis of modern groups of osteoplastic materials, features of their composition, mechanisms of biological action, and indications for clinical use, the applied classification which divides the medical items into ordinary and activated categories is proposed. The main differential criterion is the presence of certain biologically active components in the material composition: growth factors, cells or gene constructions encoding growth factors that are standardized by qualitative and quantitative parameters. Pronounced osteoinductive and (or) osteogenic properties of activated osteoplastic materials enable counting on their effectiveness in replacement of large bone defects.
Use of Dabigatran Etexilate for Prevention of Venous Thromboembolic Complications in Long Bone Fractures
Authors: Miromanov A. M
Published: October 2020

Complex dynamic examination of 68 patients with fractures of lower extremities long bones. In first comparative group (36 patients, mean age 36.3±1.4 years) prevention of thromboembolic complications was performed with parenteral direct anticoagulants followed by vitamin K antagonists. In second group (32 patients, mean age 39.3±2.0 years) dabigatran etexilate was used. Duration of anticoagulant therapy made up 30 days. It was noted that in fractures of long bones of the extremities application of dabigatran etexilate ensured effective, prognosticating, stable anticoagulant action and did not require routine control of coagulation parameters that enabled to recommend that drug for wider use in trauma and orthopaedic patients.
Surgical Treatment of Ledderhose Disease in Patient with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (Hurler-Sheie)
Authors: Koryshkov N. A , Mikhailova L. K , Khodjiev A. S
Published: October 2020

Case report of a 29 years old female patient with mucopolysaccharidosis type I and Ledderhose disease is presented. Examination of plantar surfaces showed tumor like protrusions up to 6.5 cm, of irregular shape and extremely painful at palpation, on both feet. Resection of plantar aponeurosis and fibrotic nodes on both feet was performed against a background of pathogenetic enzyme replacement therapy. No complications were observed in postoperative period. This case illustrates that in such patients performance of early surgical intervention at specialized departments is possible and reasonable, as it enables to restore weight bearing ability of the foot as well as significantly increases the quality of life.
Experimental Analysis of Strength Characteristics of Devices for Acetabular Osteosynthesis
Authors: Solod E. I , Lazarev A. F , Gavryushenko N. S , Fomin L. V , Sakharnykh I. N , Stoyukhin S. S
Published: October 2020

Three common elementary acetabular fractures, i.e. transverse fracture, fractures of anterior and posterior column, were simulated on plastic pelvis models. Comparative testing of three types of osteosynthesis - with reconstructive plate, cannulated screws and pins or using our new CITO flattened fine thread screws 3 mm in diameter were performed under similar conditions. Strength of cannulated screw and CITO screw was evaluated. Testing was performed on servo-hydraulic universal testing machine. The most stable fixation was achieved with cannulated screw and CITO screw. The latter was inferior in strength however ensured required rigid fixation.
Risk Factors for Periprosthetic Infection after Large Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Slobodskoy A. B , Osintsev E. Yu , Lezhnev A. G , Voronin I. V , Badak I. S , Dunaev A. G
Published: October 2020

Risk factors for the development of purulent complications after large joints arthroplasty were studied by the results of 3641 operations (3210 patients). Hip, knee, shoulder and elbow arthroplasty was performed in 2523, 881, 105 and 132 patients, respectively. Hip and knee revision replacements were performed in 221 cases and in 492 cases surgical interventions were performed for dysplastic coxarthrosis, congenital and acquired deformities, under conditions of bone tissue deficit and other complicated cases. Three hundred fifty one patients were operated on due to acute injury. Periprosthetic infection was diagnosed in 58 cases (1.59%). It was stated that risk factors for periprosthetic infection development included severe concomitant pathology (diabetes mellitus,operations somatic diseases, degree of their severity and duration, HIV infection and other conditions), surgical interventions for dysplastic coxarthrosis and complex total hip replacement. In those cases the risk of complications increased by 1.5-3.5 times. Pyo-inflammatory process in the area of hip joint in history as well as every repeated surgery on the hip increased therisk of postoperative complications significantly. No differences in complication rate depending on the type of fixation and implant manufacturers were noted.
Early Outcomes of Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty for Tumors of the Humerus
Authors: Karpenko V. Yu , Derzhavin V. A , Bukharov A. V , Danilova T. V , Andreev M. S
Published: October 2020

At present in 90% of patients with malignant tumors of long bones and large joints the organ-saving intervention - oncologic joint replacement can be performed. The risk of complications after such operations on the upper extremity is low however the adequate functional results can not be achieved. The analysis and evaluation of oncologic and functional results after application of anatomic (group 1, n=28) and reverse (group 2, n=14) shoulder prostheses in patients with proximal humerus tumors was performed. Mean age of patients made up 32±4 and 38±3 years in the 1st and 2nd groups, respectively. Primary bone tumors were diagnosed in 19 (68%) patients from the 1st and 12 (86%) patients from the 2nd group. Mean follow up period was 42 months. Progression of the disease at terms from 6 to 14 months was observed in 4 patients with primary malignant bone tumors. Functional result by MSTS scale was 60-80% in 3, 40-60% in 6 and under 40% in 19 patients from the 1st group. In 2nd group functional result ranged from 80 to 100% in 6, from 60 to 80% in 6 and from 40 to 60% in 2 patients. Application of modular reverse prosthesis for the treatment of patients with proximal humerus tumors is a perspective technique as it enables to increase functional result and social adaptation of patients significantly.
Predictors of Vein Thrombosis at Lower Limb Joints Arthroplasty in Oncologic Patients
Authors: Garyaev R. V , Rychkov I. A
Published: October 2020

Purpose of the study was to detect the factors that stipulated risk of vein thrombosis at arthroplasty of lower limb joints in oncologic patients. Retrospective data on 374 patients after hip and knee arthroplasty aa well as after total femur replacement were studied. The following risk factors were studied: age, gender, weight, height, body mass index, preoperative hemoglobin level, tumor morphology, presence of pathologic fracture, use of tranexamic acid, tourniquet application, type of regional anesthesia, intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgical intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using the method of multifactorial logistic regression. Independent risk factor for perioperative vein thrombosis was the age of patient (likelihood ratio χ2=26,6; р=0,000) In patients of 40 years and older the rate of thrombosis was higher as compared to younger ones: 24.4% (31/127) versus 6.1% (15/247); p =0.000; odds ratio 5; 95% confidence interval 2.6 - 9.7. Preoperative risk of vein thrombosis increased not only with patient’s age but in presence of pathologic fracture as well (likelihood ratio χ2 = 29,8; р=0,000) Other studied factors did not increase the rate of thrombosis. In presence of pathologic fracture the possibility of early anticoagulant therapy should be considered. Both prolonged epidural and peripheral nerve blockades can be used at such surgical interventions without risk of vein thrombosis rate increase.
Iatrogenic Supraclavicular Nerve Injuries in Surgical Treatment of Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Zolotov A. S , Feshchenko M. S , Pak O. I
Published: October 2020

Incidence and pattern of disturbed sensitivity in the zone of surgical intervention was studied in 24 patients with clavicle fractures. Traumatic damage of supraclavicular nerve (not related to surgery) was observed only in 1 case. Disturbance of sensitivity in the zone of surgical intervention was noted in 21 (87.5%) patients. Mean area of anesthesia made up 44.5±29.3 cm2 (from 8.0 to 125.5 cm2). That complication developed at both horizontal and vertical surgical approaches. Intraoperatively supraclavicular nerves were visualized and preserved in 6 patients however disturbed sensitivity in early postoperative period was observed in 4 cases. Preventive isolation of supraclavicular nerves does not always ensure the preservation of sensitivity in early postoperative period.
Radical Dorsal Interventions in Treatment of Kyphotic Deformities (Literature Review)
Authors: Mikhailovskiy M. V , Novikov V. V , Udalov I. G
Published: October 2020

Widely used in clinical practice surgical interventions directed to the correction of severe kyphotic spine deformities, i.e. Ponte osteotomy, Smith-Peterson osteotomy, pedicle subtraction osteotomy and vertebral column resection are presented. Surgical techniques, surgery planning based on spinal and pelvic sagittal contour parameters, treatment results are described.
Evaluation of the Resources tibialis anterior muscle of the shin in Patients with Achondroplasia during Lengthening (Ultrasound Examination)
Authors: Menshchikova T. I , Aranovich A. M
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study was the determination of echo signs of the resourcesof tibialis anterior muscle of the shin in patients (6-18 years old) with achondroplasia. The patients were examined before treatment and in the process of shin lengthening ondays 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 after distraction initiation with Ilizarov apparatus. Mean lengthening made up 9±2cm. Ultrasound examination was performed on VOLUSON-730PRO (Austria) and AVISUS Hitachi (Japan) systems. Echo signs indicative of the reduction of the resources of tibialis anterior muscle of the shin during lengthening, i.e. violation of typical muscular striation, change in the direction of muscular fibers bands, thinningof intermuscular septum, decrease in contractile muscular response by 90±5% and increase in acoustic density by 45% as compared with the initial level, were identified. At the exhaustion of reserve potential of tibialis anterior muscle of the shin the effect of “frosted glass” was visualized, with the exception of patients with achondroplasia aged 6-1- years in whom marked destructive changes in tibialis anterior muscle of the shin during the first months of distraction were associated not only with tissue alteration but with insufficient physiological maturity of the organism.
Optimization of Ultrasound Examination in Diagnosis of Knee Injuries
Authors: Pitsyn I. A
Published: October 2020

Comparative assessment of arthroscopic and ultrasound examination data were performed in 393 patients (400 knee joints). For the perfection of diagnosis quality a principle of “feedback” (cooperation) between examiners was used. Basing on the analysis of the achieved results the reasons for sonographic and ultrasound results (objective and subjective) incompatibility were determined and real diagnostic value of ultrasound examination was estimated for every intraarticular knee structure separately.
Outcomes of Reconstructive Surgery for Defects of the Articular Ends of Bones Using Home Joint Implants
Authors: Mironov S. P , Balberkin A. V , Shavyrin D. A , Karpov V. N , Kolondaev A. F , Snetkov D. A
Published: October 2020

Long-term outcomes of reconstructive operations for substitution of post-resection defects of the articular ends of tubular bones that form the hip, knee and shoulder joints using home endoprosthesis were studied. The study included 344 patients who were treated at CITO department of bone pathology from 2004 to 2014. Substitution of the defect was performed in 236 and 108 cases for the knee, hip joints, respectively. Indications for surgical intervention were: bone tumors; previously performed arthroplasty failure; defects of the articular ends after failed traumatologic and orthopaedic operations; severe forms of knee arthroses. Functional results (MSTS scale), survival of constructions, inflammatory complications were analyzed and comparative evaluation with imported analogues was performed. General functional outcomes and rate of complications correspond to the data on application of new oncologic and modular endoprostheses presented in foreign literature.
Prevention of Venous Thromboembolic Complications in Wounded with Gunshot Femur Fractures
Authors: Zubritskyi V. F , Koltovich A. P , Nikolaev K. N , Kapustin S. I , Dvortsevoy S. N , Vardanyan A. V , Borodin I. A
Published: October 2020

Analysis of different measures for the prevention of venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) in 128 wounded with gunshot femur fractures was performed. Patients from control group (58) received pharmacologic prevention only at the step of specialized medical care provision. In the main group (70) combined VTEC prevention was provided at both the step of expert and specialized care. Rate of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) made up 27.1% in the main group and 55.2% (p
Influence of Preoperative Antioxidant-Antihypoxant Infusion on the Indices of Central Hemodynamics in Elderly Patients during Anesthesia and Surgical Intervention for Femur Fracture
Authors: Vasil’kov V. G , Marinchev V. N , Karpov A. F , Emelina N. G
Published: October 2020

The problem of the safety of elderly patients at surgical intervention for femur fracture is broached. Different types of anesthesia (regional and general) exert both direct and indirect influence on hemodynamics parameters. Ninety patients (mean age 68±4.2 years) were divided into 2 groups depending on the type of anesthesia: epidural and general anesthesia based on proforol and sevoflurane with caudal block. In every group different infusion solutions (Ringer’s solution, 10% Refortan, Mafusol, Cardioxipin) were used prior to anesthesia. The following parameters of central hemodynamics were studied: mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac output and cardiac index, stroke volume index, total vascular resistance. The least changes in hemodynamics were observed when general anesthesia based on proforol and sevoflurane in combination with ropovicain caudal block and cardioxipin preinfusion were used.
Scoliosis and Syringomyelia
Authors: Mikhailovskiy M. V , Stupak V. V , Belozyorov V. V
Published: October 2020

High rate of both scoliotic deformities in patients with syringomyelia (up to 74.4%) and syringomyelia in patients with scoliosis (up to 9.7%) explains the interest of specialists to the patients with combination of such diseases. The literature review covers the modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment, the problems in determination of treatment tactics, particularly the priority of neurosurgical intervention and intervention for scoliosis correction.
Postoperative Complications in Femoral Fracture Blocking Intramedullary Osteosynthesis
Authors: Plotnikov I. A , Bondarenko A. V
Published: October 2020

Treatment results for 676 patients (out of them 487 with polytrauma) with 708 femoral fractures were analyzed. In all patients blocking intramedullary osteosynthesis was performed. The most common somatic complication was deep vein thrombosis - 128 (18.1%) observations that was more often diagnosed in patients with polytrauma ( p
Gaitada Gizli Kan Pozitifliği Nedeniyle Kolonoskopi Yapılanlarda Kolorektal Malignite Sıklığı
Authors: AKKUZU Mustafa Zanyar , SEZGİN Orhan , ÜÇBİLEK Enver , ÖZDOĞAN Osman , AYDIN Ferzan , RIZAOĞLU BALCI Hatice , YARAŞ Serkan , ATES Fehmi , ALTİNTAS Engin
Published: October 2020

Giriş ve Amaç: Kolorektal kanserlerin erken evrede belirlenmesi, prognozun iyileştirilmesindeki en önemli kısımdır. Bunun yolu etkili tarama programlarından geçmektedir. Gaitada gizli kan (GGK) testi tarama yöntemlerinin başında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada endoskopi ünitemizde GGK testi pozitifliği nedeniyle kolonoskopi yapılan hastalarda kolonoskopik bulguları değerlendirmeyi, polip sıklığını, histopatolojik tiplerini ve kolorektal malignite sıklığını saptamayı amaçladık.

Materyal ve Metod: 2018 Aralık ve 2019 Temmuz ayları arasında GGK pozitif olup etyoloji araştırılması nedeniyle kolonoskopi yapılan hastalar çalışmaya alındı. Kolonoskopi uygun hazırlık sonrası terminal ileum da değerlendirilecek şekilde uygulanmıştı. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, anamnez bilgileri, kolonoskopi ve patoloji sonuçlarına dosya bilgileri araştırılarak geriye dönük olarak ulaşıldı.

Bulgular: Bu sürede GGK pozitifliği nedeniyle 70 hastaya kolonoskopi yapılmıştı. Hastaların 36 (%51)’sı erkek, 34 (% 49)’ü kadındı. Erkeklerin yaş ortalaması 50,1±14,8, kadınların yaş ortalaması 54,6 ± 13,9 idi. Olguların 13 (%19)’ünde adenomatöz polip, 4 (%5,7)’ünde adenokarsinom ve birinde (%1,4) malign melanom tespit edildi. Polip tespit edilen 7 erkek ve 6 kadın hastanın yaş ortalamaları 61,5±9 idi. Poliplerin %76’sı sol kolonda, malignitelerin %80’i rektosigmoid kolonda idi. Olguların %74’ünde GGK pozitifliğini açıklayacak bir patoloji saptanmamıştı. Poliplerin tamamı kolonoskopik yöntemlerle başarıyla çıkarılmıştı.

Tartışma ve Sonuç: GGK pozitifliği nedeniyle kolonoskopi yapılan olguların %7’sinde kolorektal malignite ve %19’unda adenomatöz polip saptanması GGK testi pozitifliğinin önemini göstermektedir. Tarama programları sayesinde kolorektal kanserler ve prekanseröz lezyonların erken teşhis edilip, sağ kalım oranlarının artabileceği görülmektedir.
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Banking
Authors:   UST-Global, Inc., Donepudi Praveen Kumar
Published: October 2020

Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence applications in the financial sector have been thriving in the recent past. Their immense power has been harnessed in these institutions to offer business solutions in front end and back end processes to create efficiency and improve customer experience. This article will lay bare the applications of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence and evaluate their utility in different banking industry functional areas and frame how these institutions effectively use computational intelligence to improve their business. While traditional banking institutions are quickly catching up with the computational intelligence technologies with products like Chatbot, fintech companies, which seem to have embrace A.I. a long time ago, plays a critical role through its innovation and contribute substantially to financial intelligence. In conclusion, we can aptly say that Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence technologies are taking over the banking sector, and it seems like there's nothing we can do about it.
Repensando la historia urbana. Reflexiones históricas en torno a la ciudad colombiana
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Martínez Botero Sebastián , Suárez Mayorga Adriana María ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires, Rodríguez Caporalli Enrique ,   Universidad Icesi, Hernández Ciro Eulalia ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Mejía Pavony Germán Rodrigo ,   Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Ruiz López Apolinar ,   Universidad del Valle, Mera Vivas Hansel ,   Universidad del Valle, Mejía Cubillos Javier ,   New York University, Correa Ramírez Jhon Jaime ,   Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Deavila Pertuz Orlando ,   Universidad de Cartagena
Published: October 2020

La presente obra es el resultado de un esfuerzo colectivo que se viene realizando para fomentar y divulgar la investigación en el campo de la Historia urbana en Colombia; en ella no solo se abordan los enfoques, las miradas metodológicas y las temáticas espacio-temporales más recientes dentro de la disciplina, sino que además se hacen ostensibles los avances que en los últimos años se han producido en el medio nacional en lo tocante al conocimiento histórico de las ciudades colombianas. Las disquisiciones recogidas en este volumen han tomado forma gracias a varios años de intercambio intelectual, llevado a cabo en los seminarios, coloquios, mesas temáticas y congresos que han tenido por objeto examinar la Historia urbana en el país. A la luz de lo anterior, los autores de este libro, junto con otros investigadores, decidieron conformar la Red Colombiana de Historia Urbana, una plataforma abierta para el diálogo y la investigación sobre la ciudad como fenómeno histórico. Los textos aquí reunidos son, en consecuencia, fruto de las discusiones efectuadas en los encuentros que desde 2016 ha llevado a cabo la Red, y encarnan, en este sentido, su ópera prima.
Control and Monitor of IoT Devices using EOG and Voice Commands
Authors: Wazwaz Ayman , Ziada Mohammad , Awawdeh Lubna , Tahboub Mutaz
Published: October 2020

This paper aims to deploy a machine to control and monitor home devices, and to assist people who suffer from spinal cord injuries to control devices, such injuries cause people to lose their ability to use their body movements, normal people may use voice commands as well. The prototype used electrooculography (EOG) system [1, 2, 3]. The patients who suffer from spinal cord injuries may use this system to control household appliances and use the voice system to control home devices. This prototype use internet of things (IoT) technology through Wi-Fi and Arduino microcontroller to capture eye muscle movement signals, that are taken from patients, or voice signals to compare them with pre-recorded voice commands. Many tests have been made to assure correctness and speed using different environment parameters and conditions. The error rate was 2.5% for EOG and 1% for voice commands in the best cases. The idea could be developed further, smartphones and mobile data can be used for controlling and monitoring homes remotely.
Utilização do Resíduo de Areia Verde de Fundição no Desenvolvimento de Concreto Espumígeno
Authors: Lermen Richard Thomas , Bonatto Gian , Silva Rodrigo De Almeida
Published: October 2020

O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a substituição da areia natural pelo resíduo de areia verde de fundição na fabricação de concreto espumígeno. O projeto experimental foi constituído de dois fatores com diferentes níveis: proporção de resíduo de areia verde de fundição em cinco níveis (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) e quantidade de espuma em quatro níveis (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% em relação à massa total). A substituição da areia natural foi feita em relação a massa de material. As influências de cada fator sobre a resistência à compressão, densidade (seca e saturada), índice de vazios e absorção de água foram avaliadas. A partir dos resultados, pode-se observar que todos os fatores tiveram influência significativa sobre as variáveis respostas, isto é, aumentando a quantidade de espuma, a resistência à compressão, a densidade seca e a densidade saturada diminuíram em média 32,9%, 21,0% e 14,5%, respectivamente. Já o índice de vazios e a absorção de água tiveram um aumento, em média, de 44,1% e 76,9%, respectivamente, com o aumento da quantidade de espuma. Também se observou que aumentando o percentual de substituição do resíduo em relação a quantidade de areia natural a densidade seca aumentou, em média 23,7% e a densidade saturada aumentou, em média, 14,1%. A resistência à compressão, o índice de vazios e a absorção de água diminuíram, 29,1%, 31,0% e 43,5%, respectivamente, com o aumento do percentual de substituição. De acordo com os resultados é possível verificar que o resíduo de areia verde de fundição tem potencial para ser utilizado na fabricação de blocos de concreto espumígenos, porém estudos avaliando a durabilidade e os efeitos ambientais devem ser realizados, assim como em estudos anteriores que utilizam esse resíduo em concreto e argamassas convencionais e também em pavimentos.
Wpływ niezrównoważonego przyrostu naturalnego w południowym sąsiedztwie Europy na występowanie konfliktów wewnętrznych i regionalnych
Authors: Repetowicz Witold
Published: October 2020

Przyrost ludności na Bliskim Wschodzie i w Afryce jest nie tylko większy niż w Europie, ale również niezrównoważony w wymiarze regionalnym. Oznacza to, że proporcje populacji w odniesieniu do poszczególnych państw, a także grup etnicznych, religijnych i plemiennych, podlegają procesowi poważnych zmian i ta tendencja będzie kontynuowana w najbliższych dekadach. Ponieważ populacja jest fundamentalnym elementem potęgi państw, będzie więc miała nie tylko konsekwencje wewnętrzne, ale też wpływ na układ geopolityczny. Gwałtowny przyrost ludności może z jednej strony osłabić i zdestabilizować niektóre państwa, jeśli ich rządy nie będą zdolne do odpowiedniego nim zarządzania, zwłaszcza w zakresie zatrudnienia. Populacja może być również wykorzystana do regionalnej rywalizacji, zagrożenia innych państw strumieniem migracyjnym, a także wyzwań o charakterze militarnym. Wpływ niezrównoważonego przyrostu ludności na Bliskim Wschodzie na regionalną stabilność nie napawa optymizmem. Najprawdopodobniej będzie on prowadził do nowej regionalnej rywalizacji według podziałów sektariańskich i etnicznych, a także geopolitycznej rywalizacji poszczególnych państw o potęgę. Przyrost ludności dwóch spośród trzech najludniejszych państw regionu, tj. Turcji i Iranu, szybko spada. Jest to ważne również dlatego, że te państwa pretendują do roli mocarstw regionalnych. Z drugiej strony największy przyrost ludności na Bliskim Wschodzie występuje w Iraku, który jest uważany za państwo słabe, o ile nie upadłe. Nierozwiązane problemy etniczne, w szczególności kwestia kurdyjska i palestyńska, dodatkowo przyczynią się do niepewności co do perspektywy stabilności i prawdopodobieństwa eskalacji starych konfliktów, zwłaszcza że przyrost ludności wśród tych grup jest wyższy niż w regionie. W Afryce niezrównoważony przyrost ludności może powodować konflikty plemienne. Bliskość Europy i wysokie prawdopodobieństwo migracji z obszarów objętych konfliktami powoduje, że niezrównoważony przyrost ludności i jego konsekwencje na Bliskim Wschodzie i w Afryce będą również wyzwaniem dla stabilności oraz bezpieczeństwa Europy.
«Публицист правдистской выучки»: творческая манера В.В. Овчинникова
Authors: Гасанова Эльмира Халил кзы
Published: October 2020

Книги В.В. Овчинникова «Ветка сакуры» и «Корни дуба» благодаря яркости их языка, выразительности слога, глубине и силы мысли, считаются шедеврами отечественной публицистики. Произведения Овчинникова находятся в поле зрения исследователей, однаковостребованность осмысления его творческой индивидуальности, его методологии узнавания мира, совокупности его творческих приемов и круга мировоззренческих идей пока еще не снята. В связи с этим цель исследования – дать характеристику стилистике публицистических произведений журналиста-международника. Сделан вывод о том, что главное в творчестве публициста – стремление дать читателю новые знания, мотивирующие его не только на расширение кругозора и углубление эмоционального опыта, понимание многообразия культурных контекстов и практик современного человека, но и на формирование выверенной методологии ихузнавания, от которой зависят перспективы развития общества. Впервые публицистическое творчество В.В. Овчинникова подвергается исследованию с точки зрения стилистической характеристики и творческого своеобразия. В научный оборот вводится новый эмпирический материал. Результаты могут выступать базисом для д исследований в области теории и истории публицистики, быть использованы в научно-методической работе в процессе преподавания курсовпо дисциплине «Выдающиеся зарубежные публицисты» и «История зарубежной журналистики».
Практическая реализация принципов беспристрастности и службы общественным интересам в медийной деятельности британской вещательной корпорации
Authors: Максимова Татьяна Игорев
Published: October 2020

В условиях напряженной политэкономической ситуации в мире, которая влечет за собой потребность в объективной и непредвзятой информации, в гражданском обществе и профессиональных сообществах в настоящее время возрастает интерес к нормативным стандартам медиадеятельности. Британская вещательная корпорация сформировала имидж эталонного в своей независимости и беспристрастности качественного СМИ, однако в современном научномдискурсе не выявлено работ, посвященных анализу соответствия заявляемых высоких стандартов общественного вещания реальности. Целью данного исследования являлся анализ соблюдения принципов общественного вещания Британской вещательной корпорации: принципа точности и беспристрастности и принципа служения общественным интересам. Исследование выявило, что заявленные нормы не всегда соблюдаются на практике. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в развитие теории журналистики, общественного вещания и профессиональной журналистской этики и могут помочь усовершенствовать нормативно-правовые и этические документы,регулирующие деятельность СМИ, а также быть использованы в процессе подготовки будущих специалистов в области массовых коммуникаций.
Рецепция прозаических произведений А.Б. Мариенгофа в русскоязычной журналистике в 1926–1929-х гг.
Authors: Муртазина Дарья Рашитовна
Published: October 2020

Для изучения истории журналистики, особенно советского периода, важную роль играет анализ политического контекста. Несмотря на многочисленные исследования имажинизма, исследования политических причин неприятия прозы А.Б. Мариенгофа отсутствуют. Целью данного исследования является анализ рецепции в русскоязычной журналистике в 1926–1929 гг. произведений Мариенгофа «Воспоминания о Есенине», «Роман без вранья», «Циники». Автор рассматривает влияние политических событий в СССР на рецепцию произведений Мариенгофа и его литературную репутацию. Сделаны выводы, что реакция на «Роман без вранья», во многом продиктованная статьей Н.И. Бухарина «Злые заметки», породила дискуссию о том, каким должен быть советский писатель; публикация романа «Циники» в зарубежном издательстве выступила скорее формальной причиной для травли Мариенгофа, реальные же причины критики романа были в неоднозначности посыла самого произведения и сложившемся образе его автора какотрицательного персонажа в мире советской литературы.
Инфографика еженедельника «Аргументы и факты»: медиаэстетический потенциал
Authors: Симакова Светлана Ивановна
Published: October 2020

Тенденции глобализации, визуализации, панмедиатизации и развитие цифровых технологий обусловили формирование новых типов медиатекста, одной из важнейших характеристик которых стало эстетическое воздействие на адресата. Ученые обсуждают проблемы формирования новой медиаэстетики. Вместе с тем исследования, посвященные медиаэстетическому потенциалу инфографики, в российском исследовательском сегментеотсутствуют. В связи с этим автором предпринята попытка определить медиэстетический потенциал инфографик. Использованы методы сплошной выборки, кейс-стади и контент-анализа. Эмпирической базой исследования послужили журналистские материалы издания «Аргументы и факты» за 2018 год. Анализ инфографических публикаций позволил выделить их особенности: диалогический характер публицистического образа; сочетание политематичности инфографики и общих принципов представления информации; социальную направленность; влияние контекста навосприятие инфографики; нетипичность и необязательность интерактивности как свойства инфографики. На основе анализа публикаций издания «Аргументы и факты» выделены основные принципы представления информации и создания публицистического образа в поликодовом тексте, определены функции вербальных и визуальных средств, описан медиаэстетический потенциал инфографики. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы в учебном процессе и в научной деятельности при подготовке студентов и аспирантов медианаправлений.
Проектирование системы визуализации тренажерного комплекса на основе компетентностного подхода
Authors: Архипов Алексей Евгеньевич , Попов Андрей Иванович , Обухов Артём Дмитриевич
Published: October 2020

Высокий уровень готовности к выполнению трудовых функций в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций становится более востребованным на рынке труда. Цифровизация всех сфер деятельности обуславливает необходимость в профессиональной подготовке использовать инструментально-педагогические средства в виде тренажерных комплексов. Установлена слабая проработанность концептуальных подходов к проектированию тренажерных комплексов на основе закономерностей педагогики и психологии. Цель исследования – разработка методологиисоздания системы визуализации тренажерных комплексов, обеспечивающей эффективное и результативное формирование требуемых компетенций. Использованы компетентностный, синергетический, контекстный и деятельностный методологические подходы. Обоснована структура профессионально важных компетенций работников опасных производств, обеспечивающая их деятельность в условиях стабильно работающего предприятия и при аварийных ситуациях; сформулированы критерии оптимальности проектирования структуры системы визуализации тренажерного комплекса; представлен алгоритм, позволяющий формализовать процесс соотношения существующих средств и технологий визуализации и задач разрабатываемого тренажерного комплекса. Сформулированные подходы к созданию цифровых образовательных средств способствуют решению научной проблемы обеспечения условий повышения качества подготовки специалистов к деятельности в сложных наукоемкихпроизводствах.
Дистанционное обучение как инструмент индивидуального подхода к процессу формирования образовательной мобильности школьников
Authors: Закусило Александра Сергеевна
Published: October 2020

Проблема индивидуализации обучения является одной из наиболее актуальных в современной системе образования. Апробируются и вводятся разнообразные технологии и методики обучения, способствующие раскрытию личностного потенциала ребенка и формирующие ключевые социальные навыки. Одним из наиболее эффективных инструментовиндивидуализации является дистанционное обучение. Несмотря на многочисленность публикаций по данному вопросу, данный формат работы реализуется лишь на экспериментальных образовательных площадках, в то время как среднестатистические российские школы нуждаются в практическом анализе результатов деятельности и большей осведомленности об эффективности дистанционного обучения. Целью исследования является анализ результатов после внедрения данного формата работы в средней общеобразовательной школе. Для изучения динамикиформируемых компетенций был проведен ряд психо-диагностик среди учащихся выпускного 11 класса. В результате было выявлено положительное влияние дистанционного обучения на познавательную мотивацию учащихся, на уровень их волевой саморегуляции. Полученные результаты не только вносят вклад в развитие теории дистанционного обучения, но и представляют ценность для практического внедрения и апробации.