bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Haloperidol-Klorpromazin dan Risperidon-Klozapin Pada Pasien Skizofrenia Berdasarkan Kualitas Hidup di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Tampan Propinsi Riau
Authors: Aryani Fina , Muharni Septi , Harsah Nyimas Farastika
Published: August 2023

Skizofrenia merupakan penyakit gangguan otak parah yang membutuhkan terapi dengan waktu lama sehingga meningkatkan beban biaya dan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas biaya antipsikotik haloperidol-klorpromazin dan risperidon-klozapin terhadap kualitas hidup pasien skizofrenia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional, bersifat deskriptif analitik secara cross-sectional menggunakan analisis farmakoekonomi yaitu Cost Effectiveness Analysis dengan perspektif penelitian adalah pasien. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Jiwa Tampan Propinsi Riau menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 57 pasien, 29 pasien menggunakan haloperidol-klorpromazin dan 28 pasien menggunakan risperidon-klozapin. Kualitas hidup dinilai menggunakan kuesioner Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata biaya perbulan kelompok haloperidol-klorpromazin Rp. 2.771.551, sedangkan risperidon-klozapin Rp. 2.920.441, kualitas hidup pada kelompok haloperidol-klorpromazin 59,77% dan risperidon-klozapin 60,93% sehingga didapat nilai ACER kelompok haloperidol-klorpromazin Rp. 46.370 dan risperidon-klozapin Rp. 47.931. Berdasarkan uji statistik T tidak berpasangan diketahui tidak terdapat perbedaan kualitas hidup antara kedua kelompok dengan nilai p=0,717 (p<0,05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kelompok haloperidol-klorpromazin lebih cost effective.
Peptida Kolagen Ikan Layang Biru (Decapterus macarellus) Mempercepat Penyembuhan Luka Pada Mencit
Authors: Herawati Elisa , Setyawan Vicky Alvino , Listyawati Shanti
Published: August 2023

Suplemen peptida memainkan peran penting dalam proses penyembuhan luka karena memiliki bioaktivitas yang bekerja pada fase-fase luka sehingga luka cepat menutup. Bahan aktif ini dapat diekstrak dari organisme laut seperti ikan, hanya saja, kajian mengenai aplikasi suplemen berbahan ikan sebagai produk perawatan luka masih terbatas jumlahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas pemberian peptida kolagen ikan Decapterus macarellus secara oral dalam mempercepat penyembuhan luka kulit pada mencit. Dosis yang digunakan adalah 0,3 g/kgBB dan 1,3 g/kgBB per hari. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mengamati struktur morfologis dan histologis proses regenerasi jaringan kulit pasca luka selama 21 hari. Peptida kolagen diperoleh dari kulit ikan melalui ekstraksi menggunakan kombinasi asam asetat dan pepsin, kemudian dilanjutkan hidrolisis dengan enzim kolagenase. Mencit yang mendapat suplementasi oral peptida kolagen menunjukkan akselerasi proses penyembuhan luka yang signifikan dibandingkan kelompok mencit kontrol. Pada hari ke-11 hingga 14 pasca luka, mencit yang diberi perlakuan peptida kolagen (dosis 1,3 g/kgBB) menunjukkan presentase penurunan diameter luka yang lebih tinggi, diferensiasi jaringan neo-epidermis yang lebih cepat, serta deposisi berkas kolagen yang lebih banyak. Berkas kolagen dengan struktur retikuler juga terlihat pada kelompok perlakuan yang mengindikasikan adanya maturasi jaringan pengikat. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan peran positif peptida kolagen D. macarellus terutama pada fase maturasi, dimana jaringan pengikat baru mengalami reorganisasi untuk memberikan kekuatan tarik. Informasi ini bisa menjadi referensi efektivitas peptida kolagen yang bersumber dari ikan laut sebagai bahan produk perawatan luka.
The Development and Investigation of the Diffusion-Stabilizing Burner with the Niche
Authors: Chernousenko Olga , Butovsky Leonid , Moroz Oleh , Kunyk Arsen , Khilimonchuk Dmutro
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of researches of the development and field tests in bench conditions of the microdiffusion stabilizer burner device of a rectangular slot type with a niche deepening along the entire perimeter of the burner. The air passes through a rectangular slot, gaseous fuel for combustion is supplied to the recirculation zone through a system of holes in the end wall of the stabilizer. On the side of the output end of the stabilizer, there is a niche deepening. As studies have shown, the niche deepening is an additional source of stabilization and intensification of torch burning. The experimental data and calculated dependences on the stabilization of the torch in the modes of “poor” disruption are obtained. It is shown that the stable operation of the burner on the lean limit expands – the coefficient of excess air increases with an increase in the width of the stabilizer, the diameter of the gas distribution holes, the coefficient of shading of the burner and air temperature, as well as with a decrease in the speed of the air flow. The research results showed that “rich” flame failure – flame failure with a gradual increase in gas flow occurs at air excess ratios less than unity. This ensures the reliable operation of the burner at the calculated operating modes with respect to the coefficient of excess air a = 1.15 – 6.0 and the air flow speed Wp = 12.0 m/s. A dependence was obtained that determines the influence of regime and design factors on the characteristics of a rich flare failure. The sustainability of the burner operation on the rich limit increases – the coefficient of excess air decreases, with an increase in the width of the stabilizer, the shading coefficient of the burner, air temperature and a decrease in air velocity. The experimental data and calculated dependences on the length of the combustion zone in the burner device are obtained. It was established that at the calculated coefficient of excess air a = 2.0 and higher coefficients, complete combustion of fuel occurs on the length of the combustion space X = 1000 mm. The relative length of the flame decreases when the shading coefficient of the burner and the air temperature increases. Measurements of harmful nitrogen oxides showed that the maximum content of oxides is observed at the coefficient of excess air a = 1.0 and is 125 mg/m3, which is less than the limit values which allowed by regulatory documents.
Methodology for calculating hydrogenerators in strength problemsMethodology for Calculating Hydrogenerators in Strength Problems
Authors: Kobzar Igor
Published: August 2023

In the presented scientific work, the basic design versions of the thrust bearings of Hydrogenerators are considered. The main causes of emergencies in the thrust bearing unit of a high-power Hydrogenerator are considered. The main requirements for the operation of thrust bearings are submitted. Cause-and-effect relationships of emerging and development of defects are established. Existing methods for calculating the stressed state of a thrust bearing in the classical formulation for a stationary mode of operation are considered. The main features of the operation of the thrust bearing unit are investigated in relation to the features of the sliding bearings. The calculation of the elastic chambers of the hydraulic thrust bearing in a three-dimensional formulation is carried out, taking into account the physical properties of the oil, the material of the chambers and distribution of the acting loads. It is shown that the applied designs of Join Stock Company “Ukrainian Energy Machines” can be used in high-power Hydrogenerators.
Improving the Efficiency of the Furnace Process of Low-Temperature Low-Capacity Furnaces
Authors: Abdulin Mykhailo , Bietin Yurii
Published: August 2023

A review of studies of furnace processes in industrial furnaces has shown that there is a sufficient number of studies for high-temperature and medium-temperature furnaces. However, there is an insufficient understanding of furnace processes in low-temperature low-power furnaces. One of the most important factors in the working process of low-temperature ovens, in contrast to high-temperature and medium-temperature ovens, is a significantly lower level of temperature inhomogeneity. For example, in heating ovens in the machine-building industry, the temperature inhomogeneity is 30 °С…50 °C, while in baking ovens, temperature fluctuations of 5 °C…10 °C are permissible.The aim of this article is to analyze the efficiency of the organization of combustion processes in industrial baking ovens operating on natural gas, which are organized by two different combustion technologies: in a cupcake baking oven, the combustion process is organized using a vortex-type burner device operating in a pulse mode; in a wafer sheet baking oven, microflame gas combustion technology is implemented. Some disadvantages of using the above-mentioned technologies for the studied furnaces have been identified and ways to eliminate them by organizing furnace processes in these furnaces using jet-niche gas combustion technology have been proposed. Namely, the modernization of these furnaces with the replacement of standard burners with burners that implement the principles of jet-niche technology.
Increasing the Metal Heating Efficiency in High-Temperature Units
Authors: Petrik Bogdan , Nazarenko Iryna , Petryk Oleksiy
Published: August 2023

This research paper delves into the improvement of the thermal modes of metal heating in the heating wells and it evaluates the metal heating modes in high-temperature units that affect the quality of products. Consideration was given to the main factors that affect the production cost, namely, slag consumption and conventional fuel consumption at different heating temperatures and metal holding times. The described calculations can be used in industry to improve the production process and reduce the cost of production. The research topic relating to metal heating modes in heating wells is relevant in the context of increasing the efficiency of the production of metal products and reducing production costs. The main problem is the instability of thermal processes in heating wells under variable technological regimes. The purpose of this study was to improve the thermal modes of metal heating in heating wells in order to increase production efficiency and reduce costs. The effect of the technological process delays on thermal processes in heating wells has been studied. To analyze thermal processes in heating wells, a calculation method was used that enabled the assessment of the effect of the changed technological regimes on metal heating indices. The calculation of the thickness of the burning-out crust can be used to preemptively control the metal heating process and prevent the dissection and oxidation of sub-crustal gas bubbles. It will help avoid the formation of such defects as the torn edge and reduce the amount of melted metal, as well as reduce the consumption of slagged metal. The obtained results can be used in the production of metal articles for further research to improve the technological regimes of metal heating in heating wells, in particular, to take into account the influence of other factors on thermal processes and to study the possibilities of using the latest technologies to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of production.
A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF DAMPAK RENDAHNYA LITERASI BACA-TULIS PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ramdan Syahri , Auliyaty Yetty
Published: August 2023

Masyarakat pada umumnya beranggapan bahwa sebuah membaca literasi membaca sudah digantikan oleh tren literasi digital karena masa kini sudah berubah menjadi revolusi industri 4.0. tetapi di negara-negara berkembang sampai negara terbelakang, masalah literasi masih menjadi masalah yang harus diselesaikan untuk memajukan kualitas pendidikan di negara tersebut. Rendahnya literasi baca dan tulis membawa dampak buruk di masyarakat maupun bagi orang yang memiliki tingkat literasi yang rendah.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMIK BAHASA INDONESIA (KOMINDO) UNTUKMENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SISWA KELAS IV SDI AINUR RAHMAH PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Muhimma Yatun Nisa'ul Ulya  , Didit Yulian Kasdriyanto  , Faridahtul Jannah
Published: August 2023

This study aims to develop Indonesian Language Comics (KOMINDO) media for Improving Students' Literacy abilities, as assessed through validation by experts and assessment through student response questionnaires. The type of research used is the Research and Development (R&D) ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research was carried out at SDI Ainur Rahmah in class IV A as the experimental class and class IV B as the control class. The instruments used in this study were interviews, material expert validation questionnaires, media experts, and literacy skills tests. The results of this research and development indicate that Indonesian comics are categorized as very feasible through validation by material experts, who obtained a score of 68, and media experts, who obtained a score of 71 with revisions according to suggestions, while the results of the literacy test show an increase of 21% in the control class and the experimental class. It can be concluded that Indonesian comics to improve students' literacy skills are stated to be very suitable for use in the learning process in class.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media Komik Bahasa Indonesia (KOMINDO) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Literasi Siswa dinilai melalui validasi oleh para ahli dan penilaian melalui angket respon siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Research and Development (R&D) model pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Penelitian dilaksanakan di SDI Ainur Rahmah pada kelas IV A sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas IV B kelas Kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, angket validasi ahli materi, dan ahli media serta tes kemampuan literasi. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ini menunjukkan bahwa komik bahasa Indonesia dikategorikan sangat layak melalui validasi oleh ahli materi memperoleh skor 68 dan ahli media memperoleh skor 71 dengan revisi sesuai saran, sedangkan hasil tes kemampuan literasi terjadi peningkatan 21% pada kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa komik bahasa Indonesia untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi siswa dinyatakan sangat layak digunakan pada proses pembelajaran di kelas.
Распространение вариантов вируса SARS-COV-2, вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), на основе количества их геномов, депонированных в базу данных GISAID за неделю с 05.08.2023 г. по 11.08.2023 г.
Authors: Чумачкова Елена , Краснов Ярослав , Дмитриева Людмила , Осина Наталия , Зимирова Анастасия , Иванова Александра , Карнаухов Игорь , Караваева Татьяна , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: August 2023

В обзоре представлена информация по циркулирующим в настоящее время вариантам вируса SARS-COV-2 вызывающих интерес (VOI) и субвариантов Omicron, находящихся под наблюдением (VUM), геномные последовательности которые размещены в международной базе данных GISAID за неделю с 05.08.2023 г. по 11.08.2023 г.
International Workshop on Cold Regions Defense Infrastructure : 13–15 September 2022, Hanover, New Hampshire
Authors: Douglas Thomas , Bosche Lauren , Martinez-Guerra Edith , Tibbetts Caitlin , Welling Orian , Smith Clint , Yu Justine , Bjella Kevin , Woods John
Published: August 2023

The Inaugural International Workshop on Cold Regions Defense Infrastructure united engineers and scientists of the US Department of Defense with defense representatives from the other nations comprising the International Cooperative Engagement Program for Polar Research (ICE-PPR): Canada, Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, and New Zealand. Through the ICE-PPR Memorandum of Understanding, Project Arrangements (PAs) enable the seven nations to share measurements, models, and access to research sites and facilities. The goal of the workshop was to work as a coherent team to identify needs and develop PAs for three major topic areas: infrastructure, water/wastewater, and energy. Increasing interest in earth’s polar regions necessitates identifying capabilities and gaps for these critical mission-relevant topic areas.
Dredged material can benefit submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) habitats
Authors: Russ Emily , Yarnall Amy , Altman Safra
Published: August 2023

This technical note (TN) was developed by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center–Environmental Laboratory (ERDC-EL) to provide an overview of the ecosystem services delivered by submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) to estuarine and coastal ecosystems and to describe potential methods for the beneficial use of dredged material (BUDM) to aid in SAV restoration. Although dredging tends to have a negative association with SAV habitats, BUDM may provide an opportunity to expand suitable SAV habitat to areas where depth is the primary limiting factor. Recent in situ observations have shown that SAV has opportunistically colonized several dredged-material placement sites. This TN provides context on BUDM for SAV habitat restoration to encourage increased strategic placement.
New chemical elements dynamic synthesis in ultra-deep penetration zones
Authors: Usherenko Ju. S. , Usherenko S. M. , Jazdani Cherati A. H.
Published: August 2023

It is shown that synthesized rare–earth elements – lanthanum and cerium – were detected as a result of the effect of the ultra‑deep penetration process (SDP) on the welding zone of two steel plates. When moving in the welding zone of clumps of microparticles, channels are formed where fibers are formed, in which new chemical elements from the group of rare earth metals – lanthanum and cerium – are synthesized due to additional energy.
Mechanisms of influence of modifiers on crystallization of tin and aluminium bronzes
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Y. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: August 2023

It has been shown that elementary crystalline cells of α‑phases of tin, aluminum bronzes and main modifying phases do not correspond to the principle of structural and dimensional correspondence of Dankov‑Konobeevsky. Modifying structures in tin and aluminum bronze castings is a nanostructured process. The main role of tin and aluminum bronze modifiers is to significantly reduce the concentration of adsorbed hydrogen, which prevents the formation of crystallization centers of α‑phase microcrystals in castings when they solidify.
Crystallization features of casting alloys
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Y. , Stetsenko A. V.
Published: August 2023

It has been shown that elementary crystal lattices of basic phases and oxides of casting alloys do not satisfy the principle of structural and dimensional correspondence. Formation of crystallization centers during solidification of casting alloys is a nanostructured process. The main demodifying element in melt crystallization is adsorbed hydrogen. It prevents the integration of nanocrystals into the nucleus of crystallization of the main phases of casting alloys. When the melt overheats, adsorption and desorption of hydrogen atoms occur. The predominance of one of these processes explains the features of crystallization of cast‑ ingalloys. Prior to critical superheating of the melt, the adsorption of hydrogen atoms prevails. As a result, molds with an unmodified structure are formed. When the melt overheats above the critical one, the process of desorption of hydrogen atoms prevails. As a result, molds with a modified structure are formed.
Production of pyrolytic carbon from waste of rubber-containing products for use in foundry
Authors: Panasyugin A. S. , Niss V. S. , Masherova N. P.
Published: August 2023

The paper deals with the processing of rubber‑containing products by pyrolysis in order to obtain pyrolytic carbon, which is of practical interest for the needs of the foundry. It has been established that the process of gas phase evolution during rubber pyrolysis proceeds in the temperature range of 50–550 °C, the maximum release peaks for all detected substances are in the range of 375–500 °C, the total release is over 140 mg per kg of feedstock. It was found that the concentration and temperature of the exhaust gases make it possible to neutralize them in an autocatalytic mode using the principle of filtration combustion. It is shown that the optimal temperature for obtaining a solid carbonaceous residue (target product) is 320–380 °C, an increase in temperature above 500 °C leads to a decrease in the mass fraction of pyrolytic carbon from 64.8 to 31.9 %, respectively, the proportion of exhaust gases increases from 5 to 8 %, and heating oil yield from 30.2 to 60.1 %.
About the problems and results of obtaining products from technical ceramics for metallurgical production. Message 2
Authors: Panteleenko F. I. , Popov R. Yu. , Shmuradko V. T. , Samsonova A. S.
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of research in the field of synthesis of multifunctional ceramic materials for metallurgical, machine‑tool and other industries related to the processing of metals, their alloys and products from them; current trends and trends associated with the production of products from such materials; provides information on expanding the domestic raw material base for the production of ceramics with the involvement of domestic enterprises, and also, the prospects for the development of industrial potential for the organization of the production of such products.
Technical potential of the SAP HANA platform
Authors: Kovalyov M. A.
Published: August 2023

The article describes the technical capabilities of the SAP HANA platform and database, which is the basis for the deployment of the SAP S/4 HANA innovative ERP system and modules derived from it. The principles of operation, the main tools and capabilities of the platform are described. The requirements for software and hardware for the deployment and maintenance of this platform at large manufacturing enterprises are defined. Practical studies of the speed of work on this platform and an cverview of some tools have been carried out. The platform is developed using advanced technologies that provide high‑speed information processing and secure storage, meeting the requirements of modern business and users.
Making up the planned initial cost of finishrd products at OJSC “BSW – Management Company of Holding “BMС” by means of the SAP ERP system controlling module
Authors: Potapenko A. V. , Astratov S. N. , Lavrish I. I.
Published: August 2023

The article reveals the process of making up the planned initial cost of finished products and detailing indirect costs on the long‑range production example by means of the “Controlling” module of the SAP ERP system. The problems of displaying indirect costs for product that practically do not depend on the quantity of products produced, and calculating direct costs through a specification mechanism based on a basic material records reference book have been solved. As a solution, the key settings implementation in the system configuration and the set of planning interface programs implementation developed in the ABAP/4 programming language were used.
Analysis of Electrical Machines’ State by Measuring the Interturn Resistance in Its Windings
Authors: Isaev A. V. , Suchodolov U. V. , Lyubinsky K. A. , Golubovich A. I.
Published: August 2023

Diagnostic methods applied in the industry do not allow to control the state of electrical machines windings in working condition and to fix the defect formation in them at the early stages of development. The aim of the work was to develop a method and construct a device that allows measuring interturn resistances in the electrical machines’ windings without the need to remove it from the technological process, and thereby assess its current and future performance.

A block diagram of a device for measuring of interturn resistances in the electrical machines’ windings has been developed, a method has been described, and an algorithm for carrying out diagnostic procedures has been developed. Also, as a result of the study, mathematical dependencies were determined that characterize the main operations performed by the device and a mathematical model was developed for obtaining of the interturn resistance value in the diagnosed windings from the value of the measured phase difference for the AIR63V4U3 asynchronous motor.

The developed method and a device based on it allow measuring interturn resistances in the electrical machines’ windings without the need to remove it from the technological process and fix the beginning of defect formation, and, thereby, evaluate its current and future performance in real time.
Optimization of the Parameters of the Magnetizing Device of the Electromagnetic-Acoustic Transducer
Authors: Strizhak V. A. , Pryakhin A. V.
Published: August 2023

Contactless electromagnetic-acoustic transducers have a set of significant advantages over contact transducers, but at the same time they have significant disadvantages that require the development of effective magnetizing devices. Compared to magnetizing devices that are using permanent magnets, electric current magnetization devices are easily removed from the object of testing and cleaned from contamination by metal particles. Unfortunately, such transducers have significant dimensions and weight.

A transducer containing a magnetic circuit magnetized by an electric current coil and two independent electromagnetic inductors located in the gap between the central part of the magnetic circuit and the object of testing has been developed. Inductors are two flat coils, each of them has form like a butterfly. The inductor conductors located in the working area have mutually perpendicular directions; they allow exciting and receiving the transversely polarized acoustic waves without rearranging the transducer. In order to reduce the overall dimensions and mass of the transducer, the mass and dimensional parameters of the magnetizing device were optimized for operating conditions when the magnetization of the object of testing and measurement are performed during the active measurement phase. During the passive measurement phase, which is three times longer than the active phase in time, the magnetizing device cools down. The cyclic mode with alternating active and passive phases made it possible to reduce the weight of the transducer by more than 3 times. In the working area of the transducer with a size of 15×15 mm, with a gap of 1 mm between the magnetic field concentrator and the object of testing, a field with a normal component of 2.4 T is created. The transducer has protection of the magnetization device from overheating, and the cyclic mode of operation allows for continuous performance of up to 30 measurements per minute at an ambient temperature of 20 °C.

The developed magnetizing device can be used in solving a number of problems of structuroscopy, thickness measurement, flaw detection by electromagnetic-acoustic methods based on accurate measurement of the propagation time of elastic waves in the object of testing.
The Use of Fresnel Lenses in LED Sources of Local Illumination to Оptimize the Distribution of Illumination of the Working Plane
Authors: Bogdan P. S. , Zaytseva E. G. , Kovalenok I. A. , Tarasenko T. D. , Duboysky E. V.
Published: August 2023

For widely used LED sources there is a sharp decrease in the illumination of the working plane from the center to the edge. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of Fresnel lenses usage as a fairly simple and technological element to increase the uniformity of illumination created by LED lamps of local lighting.

A method has been developed for calculating of the distribution of illumination created by the combination of “LED matrix – Fresnel lens” when the distance between the lens and the matrix is less than the focal length of the lens. Comparison of the calculation results and experiments for the case when the lens is located at a distance of 50 cm from the working plane indicates the correctness of the developed calculation method. This made it possible to use this technique to solve the problem of improved uniformity of illumination distribution in the working plane of local lighting LED sources.

It was found that the change in the distance between the matrix and the lens in the range of 0.5–1.5 cm affects the maximum illumination and its uniformity to a lesser extent than the change in focal lengths in the range of 10–100 cm. Analytical dependences of the uniformity of the working surface illumination as a function of the Fresnel lens focal length and its distance to the LED matrix were obtained for three cases. In the first case one lens is used for the entire matrix while the axes of symmetry of the light intensity curves of LEDs are parallel to the axis of the lens. In the second case one lens is also used for the entire matrix, but the continuations of the axes of symmetry of the light intensity curves pass through the front focus of the lens. In the third one an individual Fresnel lens is used for each LED. It is established that for all three cases dependencies have almost the same character. Therefore, the choice of using one of these three options may be due to manufacturability, cost-effectiveness, thermal stability, and other considerations.

Calculations using the above-mentioned analytical dependences made it possible to determine values of the parameters of the “LED matrix – Fresnel lens” system at which the indicators of illumination and uniformity meet the standards’ requirements.
Technological Features of Selection of Parameter Values of Arc Welding Mode in Shielding Gas Mixture Ar + CO2
Authors: Karatseyeu A. A. , Shukan M. M. , Fiatsisava K. A. , Karatseyeva A. A.
Published: August 2023

Gas-shielded arc welding today occupies a leading position among the methods for producing permanent joints in industrial conditions. The emergence of new materials with complex alloying and hardening systems makes carbon dioxide, traditionally used as a protective medium, inefficient for use. One of the effective ways to solve these problems is to change the composition of the protective gas atmosphere, which allows you to significantly change the physical and metallurgical processes of melting the electrode wire and the forming the weld. At the same time, the transition to the use of protective gas mixtures based on argon is usually carried out without understanding the essence of the technology and possible problems associated with the specifics of penetration of the base metal, which can cause a number of serious problems. The present paper describes important regularities between technological characteristics of  arc welding  in a shielding gas mixture Ar + CO2 and welding mode parameters under conditions of deviation of their values from the most effective ones in order to ensure the stability of the processes of electrode metal transfer and the formation of the deposited weld metal bead. On the basis of experimental data, the most probable causes of the appearance of a dangerous and difficult-to-detect defect in the formation of a welded seam in the form of non-fusion between individual beads of the deposited metal and along the fusion line with the base metal of the welded parts have been established. The defect is common and can cause unpredictable failure of the welded joint without visible plastic deformation. Empirical dependences for determining values of the main parameters of the welding mode are proposed as well. Important regularities have been established that make it possible to increase the efficiency of arc welding technology in the environment of protective gas mixtures in the conditions of domestic production.
Study of the Influence of the Composition of Hydrophobic Preventive “Protect-01” on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Concrete Pavement Materials
Authors: Petrusevich V. V.
Published: August 2023

During operation, the asphalt concrete pavement is subjected to various destructive influences associated with external natural, climatic and operational factors, which can cause its premature failure. Over the past 10 years, there has been a significant increase in the fleet of vehicles in the Republic of Belarus, and, consequently, the intensity of traffic on the roads with a proportional increase in wear and destruction of their coatings. This situation is exacerbated by extended turnaround times for a number of transport facilities. The need to protect asphalt concrete pavements from the effects of external aggressive environments determines the search for new technological solutions in the creation of necessary materials, the range of which is quite wide. Existing protective compositions differ both in purpose and in the content of components. Modern research in the field of protective treatments for asphalt concrete pavements of highways, as well as technological processes used in road organizations, can effectively extend their service life. At the same time, the current research work, proven technological processes, as well as the well-known works of scientists in this field offer an insufficient number of sound technical and design solutions that allow for direct preventive protection of pavements and use for this purpose available, including secondary, materials. For more effective protection of pavements from the complex effects of water and traffic loads in the autumn-winter and spring-winter period, it is necessary to develop and implement alternative technologies, one of which is the treatment of road surfaces with the Protect-01 hydrophobic prophylactic composition. The paper presents the results of studies of the effect of treatment with the Protect-01 hydrophobic preventive composition on water saturation (decrease by 30–40 %,) frost resistance (increase by 10–12 %) and residual porosity (decrease by 12–25 %) of cores from asphalt concrete mixtures, as well as its optimal formulations.
Method to Define Whether the Road Network is Sufficient for the Region
Authors: Pegin P. A. , Kapski D. V. , Ilyin A. A. , Runev E. V.
Published: August 2023

An assessment of the state of the region’s core road network is necessary to determine the level of transport accessibility and mobility of the population in a particular area. The core road network is the roads along which goods and passengers are transported by personal, public and commercial vehicles. Currently, the assessment of the road network is carried out using geographical, economic, mathematical and general technical parameters. The disadvantage of these assessment methods is the lack of a comprehensive analysis of both the level of development of the core road network and the transport accessibility of the region. The authors propose a method of additive multicriteria modeling using weight coefficients. The parameters have been considered and weight coefficients have been selected, which significantly affect the reliability of determining the sufficiency of the road network. The analysis of individual criteria for the quality of the transport network has been carried out. Based on the use of statistical parameters, the values of the weight coefficients of the additive model have been determined. The proposed method using an additive multi-criteria model is reliable and universal, which makes it possible to comprehensively evaluate the core network of roads in conjunction with other means of communication (railway, air and water transport). In addition, the method can become part of the methodology for substantiating the inclusion of the designed roads in core network of the region.
Principles for Implementation of Digital Power Direction Control in Microprocessor Current Protections
Authors: Romaniuk F. A. , Rumiantsev V. Yu. , Rumiantsev Yu. V. , Dziaruhina A. A. , Klimkovich P. I.
Published: August 2023

In the existing microprocessor-based directional current protection lines from phase-to-phase short circuits, digital power direction elements are used, which, as a rule, are switched on at full currents and voltage according to the so-called 90-degree pattern. With this switching scheme, a “dead” zone appears only in case of three-phase short circuits close to the protection installation site, which make up a small fraction of all possible types of such damage. Nevertheless, its presence is a significant drawback of the power direction organs. The principles of organ execution based on digital operations with orthogonal components of input voltages and currents have been considered. The result of the functioning of the power direction body is reduced to the development of an information sign equal to: one – with the direct direction of power; minus one – when it is in the opposite direction.  To eliminate the “dead” zone, the work of the organ is organized using the voltage “memory”.  In order to obtain the required duration of the “memory”, frequency compensation is implemented. The study of the effectiveness of the decisions made, as well as the behavior of the power direction control in normal and emergency modes, has been carried out by the method of a computational experiment. In the MATLAB-Simulink-SimPowerSystems dynamic simulation system, models of the electrical system and a digital power direction control have been developed. The results of the research have shown that the joint use of the existing and proposed principles for the implementation of a digital power direction control ensures an increase in its technical perfection and eliminates the “dead” zone while maintaining its stable operation for an arbitrarily long period of time.
Modeling Processes of Emergence and Growth of Fractal Structures and Chamber Defects of Thermal Power Units. Part 2
Authors: Ryzhova T. V. , Bukharov D. N. , Arakelyan S. M.
Published: August 2023

The paper describes further development of model studies with the purpose to draw analogies of the occurrence  of possible inhomogeneities and defects of the fractal type on the surface of various objects under the action of laser radiation for different conditions and schemes of a laser simulation experiment in comparison with real processes in the chambers of thermal machines due to the contacts of the working substances with their surface. The subject of this consideration is related to the fact that in laser schemes one can relatively easily and in a controlled manner to study their topology in various modifications (in the range of 0D–3D structures formed on surfaces of various geometric shapes of the fractal type). This provides great opportunities for studying various frequently occurring undesirable random defects and inhomogeneities of  complex configuration with the development of unexpected processes in the dynamic modes of operation of various types of power units in their actual operation. This is determined by geometric analysis within the framework of the correspondding non-linear models with different  non-linear fractal images. In this aspect, we have used two models to consider the development of emerging fractal fractured structures: first, diffusion propagation/growth of cracks of different geometry with a set of local segments and fragments in different directions; secondly, with diffusely limited aggregation of their distribution (Diffusion-Limited Aggregation – DLA) using the formalism of cellular automata in percolation approximation for different algorithms for the formation of fractal structures. We present only the final results of calculations without details of their procedure, which is sufficient for a visual and qualitative determination of the process of growth of fracturing and defects. In this case, the final goal of consideration is to study the emergence of possible and controllable local areas / collectors, starting from surface structures, and their association with real objects on the surface of chambers with a working substance in power systems. The possible practical significance of such modeling and analysis is discussed to forecast their working conditions.
Revisiting mandibular symphyseal shape in juvenile early hominins and modern humans using a deformation-based approach
Authors: Zimmer Veronika , Oettlé Anna , Hoffmann Jakobus , Thackeray John Francis , Zipfel Bernhard , Braga José
Published: August 2023

The juvenile mandible is important in the investigation of ontogenetic and evolutionary changes among early hominins. We revisit the mandibular symphysis in juvenile specimens of Australopithecus africanus and Paranthropus robustus with two main contributions. First, we employ, for the first time, methods of computational anatomy to model complex symphyseal shape differences. Second, we present new fossil evidence from Kromdraai to improve our knowledge of symphyseal morphology. We describe differences between shapes by landmark-free diffeomorphism needed to align them. We assess which features of the mandibular symphysis best discriminate the juvenile symphysis in these fossil species, relative to the intraspecific variation observed among modern humans. Our approach eliminates potential methodological inconsistencies with traditional approaches (i.e., the need for homologous anatomical landmarks, assumption of linearity). By enabling detailed comparisons of complex shapes in juvenile mandibles, our proposed approach offers new perspectives for more detailed comparisons among Australopithecus, Paranthropus and early Homo.
Solvent polarity induces significant bathochromic shift on (4Z,4'Z)-4,4'- (((phenylazanediyl) bis (4,1-phenylene)) bis (methaneylylidene)) bis (2- phenyloxazol-5(4H)-one)
Authors: Gowri Maheswar Reddy , Ranganathan Madhav , Ramanathan Gurunath
Published: August 2023

A new environment-sensitive fluorescent probe (4Z, 4ʹZ)-4, 4ʹ-(((phenylazanediyl) bis (4, 1-phenylene)) bis (methanylylidene)) bis (2-phenyloxazol-5(4H)-one) (PPMP) is reported. PPMP emits light in the 508 to 644 nm region, making it a workable fluorescent probe. The molecule exhibits a substantial bathochromic shift with changing solvent polarity. The results are analyzed in terms of Onsager's reaction field theory. Bilot–Kawski, Lippert–Mataga, Bakhshiev, and Reichardt correlations are used to estimate the ground and excited state dipole moments. The results show that the predicted dipole moment of the excited state is significantly greater than that of the ground state. Gas phase quantum mechanical calculations based on density functional theory support the experimental results. This remarkable stability in a polar solvent, of the excited state, compared to the ground state, causes a significant bathochromic shift.
Compact dual band fractal patch antenna based on RIS and MUC
Authors: Lavanya veerella , kumari UV Ratna
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a compact Microstrip patch antenna working at two frequencies based on Reactive Impedance Surface (RIS) and Mushroom unit cell (MUC) is proposed. Initially, square patch antenna is designed for 5G frequency band. Then the edges of the beginner antenna are embedded with Koch fractal curves for circular polarization operation (CP). The second band is obtained by loading MUC into the CP antenna. The radiation properties of the reported antenna are inspected and illustrated with both simulated and experimental results in detail. The Return Loss Bandwidth (RLB) at upper resonating frequency band (patch mode band) is 10.1% (3.35–3.71 GHz) and 2% (2.40–2.46 GHz) at lower resonance frequency band (left hand band) respectively. The Axial Ratio Bandwidth (ARB) is 5.17% (3.39–3.57 GHz) at patch mode band. Simulated values obtained from HFSS and measured values are in close agreement.
Automatic Vehicle Engine Control System for Inebriate Condition
Authors: M Suresh Chinnathampy , A Ancy Marzla , EL Dhivya Priya , Padmanabhan Annapandi
Published: August 2023

This paper is to progress a barring and controlling structure for automotive engines so that, the vehicle will not commence without checking the presence of alcohol mechanism and even in safe journey, it would continuously check alcohol consumption. This module will yield the benefit of a previous existence and upcoming existence using Alcohol sensor. Our developed instrument is based on the GPS and GSM technology. Without any guidance of web service one can directly communicate embedded system with mobile through interfacing GSM to Microcontroller. GPS unit receives the exact location of automobile with meridians and parallels. The next process can be implemented by sending messages to respective owners of the vehicles via GSM. Once the engine off, engine control can be handover to the owner or relatives. Ultrasonic Device is also used to prevent the collision with other ground vehicles due to the occurrence of sudden engine off. The expected design for the accident deterrence module can be applied in our day -to- day life in order to upsurge road safety.
Effect of Sulfasalazine on Ferroptosis during Intestinal Injury in Rats after Liver Transplantation
Authors: Wu Wei , Bao Xu , Bu Wenhao , Wang Yongwang , Tan Yongxing , wei jinzhen , wang gang
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives: Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for end-stage liver disease, but the perioperative period of liver transplantation will not only cause damage to the liver itself, but also cause damage to distant extrahepatic organs.Using a rat autologous orthotopic liver transplantation (AOLT) model and liver cold ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced intestinal injury, we investigated the action of the lipid reactive oxygen species (L-ROS) inhibitor ferrostain-1（FER-1）on the ferroptosis signaling pathway and clarified whether ferroptosis occurred in rat AOLT cold I/R-induced intestinal injury. Additionally, the role and possible mechanism of the ferroptosis activator sulfasalazine (SAS) in intestinal injury-induced ferroptosis in rats with AOLT liver cold I/R were investigated.
Methods:Sixty SPF-grade adult male Sprague‒Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups using the random number table method (n = 12). The inferior vena cava blood was collected at 6 h and 24 h after the portal vein was opened, and the ileal tissue was obtained at the same time. The corresponding indexes were detected by different methods.
Results: Compared with the Sham group, the Chiu's score and W/D ratio increased 6h and 24h after modeling in other groups, and the expression of GPX4 and xCT protein in intestinal tissue decreased. Compared with the SAS group, the levels of SOD, GSH and GPX4 in the intestinal tissue increased in the I/R+SAS+Fer-1 group, and the expression of GPX4 and xCT protein in the intestinal tissue increased.
Conclusions:Ferroptosis is involved in the pathophysiological process of intestinal injury induced by cold hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in AOLT rats.In addition, SAS (500mg/kg) may inhibit the System Xc¯/GSH/GPX4 signal axis in intestinal injury induced by cold I/R in rat AOLT liver, or iron overload after reperfusion, causing a massive accumulation of L-ROS and activating cellular ferroptosis, Further aggravate the intestinal injury.