bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Housing co-operatives: How successful are they?
Authors: Birchall R Johnston
Published: March 2024

Probably the most basic question one can ask oneself about co-operatives is "Why am I interested or involved in them?" The answer would almost certainly come in the form "Because I think they are (or could be) successful when compared with other types of human organisation". This raises the question of what we mean by success. This paper considers three distinct types of success, including how they live up to the expectations of the co-operative values and principles.
The fall and rise of the small co-operative store. “Save our shop” - updated
Authors: Birchall R.J.
Published: March 2024

The great test of a business, as of so much else, is time. When the book Save Our Shop was written (Birchall, 1987), both the idea of the convenience store which it analysed, and the small shop experiments which it described, were new. Generalisations were made based on what could be said then, but with the proviso that only time would tell. Of course, time in itself tells us nothing unless we are prepared to go back and study the same ideas, the same business experiments, to see how they have worn. The Society for Co-operative Studies has wisely decided not to let the book become fossilised in time, but has enabled me to take up to June 1987 a further, albeit brief, look at the subject, in order to update and revise what I said then. The aim is to provide another snapshot in time, of value to all who are interested, and particularly to participants at our Annual Conference in September. I have selected some important themes from the book and on each summarised what I said a year ago, and then added my further report.
Co-operatives and poverty reduction: Findings from a research project
Authors: Simmons Richard , Birchall Johnston
Published: March 2024

This article reports on the findings of a two and a half year study1 to investigate the role and potential of co-operatives in poverty reduction. It follows an earlier article in this journal where we outlined the research agenda on these important issues (Birchall & Simmons, 2007), and is based on a longer report published by the Co-operative College (Birchall & Simmons, 2009). The article suggests that co‑operatives have significant potential for poverty reduction relative to other types of organisation, and that many co-operatives are currently helping their members to achieve more than they could on their own. It also suggests that with the right kind of support co-operatives are capable of increasing the help they are able to offer their members to escape from poverty.
التحديات الخارجية واثرها على عملية بناء الدولة (افغانستان انموذجاً)
Authors: م.د. حسين علي مكطوف م.د. حسين علي مكطوف , ضحى موفق مهدي ضحى موفق مهدي
Published: March 2024

واجهت عملية بناء الدولة في افغانستان منذ عام 2001 عدة تحديات على الصعدين الداخلي والخارجي، فعلى الصعيد الخارجي كان للاحتلال الامريكي الدور البارز في عملية فشل بناء الدولة اذ بعد الهجوم الذي تعرضت له الولايات المتحدة الامريكية حدث تحولا نوعيا في الموقف من الارهاب الذي اصبح المهدد الرئيس للامن القومي الامريكي، وكانت جمهورية افغانستان الاسلامية من اوائل الدول التي وضعتها امريكا على قائمة مكافحة الارهاب من اجل القضاء على حركة طالبان والقاعدة مبتعدة عن الصيغ الدبلوماسية لحل المنازعات الدولية وكانت نتيجة ذلك قيام حرب غير متكافئة راح ضحيتها الالاف من المدنيين دون احراز نصر لاعلى القاعدة ولاحركة طالبان بل استعادت الاخيرة مواقعها السابقة واصبحت البلاد ساحة قتال لضرب المعاقل الحكومية وقوات حلف شمال الاطلس . وكما وان اهمية موقعها الجغرافي جعل منها مطمعاً للعديد من الدول الاقليمية والدولية التي تسببت لها في ظهور العديد من مشاكل عدم الاستقرار التي يعاني منها الشعب الافغاني منذ القدم حتى الوقت الحاضر .

الكلمات المفتاحية :- افغانستان، الاحتلال الامريكي ، باكستان ، الجمهورية الأيرانية الأسلامية .
التنظيم الدستوري والقانوني للامركزية الإدارية في العراق بعد ٢٠٠٣
Authors: م. د. رفاء قاسم طارق م. د. رفاء قاسم طارق , مهند حامد اسماعيل مهند حامد اسماعيل
Published: March 2024

نستخلص من هذا الموضوع  ان المركزية الادارية تكون ناجحة في الدول الصغيرة التي تمتاز بوحدة جغرافيتها وطبيعة سكانها الذين هم من اثنية واحدة اذ يتمكن هذا النظام من معالجة احتياجات انماط البلد كافة وينجح هذا النظام ايضا في الدولة التي يتميز سكانها بعدم النضوج السياسي ولا يمكن لهم قيام اقليم ذاتي للحكم ونرى أنُ المواطنين المحليين في هذا النظام يطبقون سياسة الدولة العامة ويتجنبون التبذير.

   ويلاحظ أنً الحكومة الموحدة مركزيا تكون قوية على مستوى العلاقات الخارجية وفي اوقات الحرب وتتركز المصالح السياسية في المركز ويكون تأثير الروح الوطنية واحدة لا تضعفها الهويات الفرعية او الوحدات المحلية , وتمتاز المركزية  بالمرونة إذ أن  اللجنة التي تضع الدستور لا تتدخل بالتقسيمات الاقليمية للبلد ولا في توزيع السلطات الحكومية بين المركز والوحدات الادارية لان هذه الامور ترتبط بالتنظيم الداخلي وتبت فيها الحكومة بنفسها، وتكمن قوة الحكومة في عدم حدوث حالة من التنازع على السلطة او التباس في المسؤولية او تضاعف العمل او حدوث حالة من التداخل بين الاختصاصات والصلاحيات.

ومن ابرز سلبيات هذا النظام هو فقدانه الحكم المحلي الذاتي وتكمن المشكلة هنا في كون حكومة المركز هي بعيدة عن احتياجات الشعب وهذا يقود الى حصول قصور واضح  في المصالح المحلية اذ تكون كل القرارات معلقة على عاتق موظفي الحكومة في المركز المثقلين في العمل ويقود هذا الامر كذلك على أنً جميع القرارات المتخذة تكون بلا تقييم للظروف المحلية و القائمين على تنفيذ قرارات المركز لا يفقهون شيئا لرغبات المنطقة وهكذا يلاحظ على النظام المركزي بأنهً لا يعير اهتماما للشعب وبمصالحه العامة معززا البيروقراطية المركزية وهذا إنُ يدل فأنما يدل على أن هذا النظام لا يمكن تطبيقه على شعب ناضج سياسيا يؤمن بالحرية والديمقراطية. اما في النظام اللامركزي فنلاحظ أنً العراق بعد التغيير قد اتبع اللامركزية في الادارة لكونه عانى من التبعات السيئة ما قبل التغير لنظام التبعية الادارية وهناك تجارب ناجحة احتذى بها العراق مثل التجربة الامريكية وغيرها من الدول التي حققت طفرة نوعية في مستوى ادارة مرافقها العامة . وهنا يجب التنويه في أن فك الاشتباك والتشابه فيما بينها لعدم الخلط فيها اذ ان كثير من دول عالم الجنوب تعمل وفق نظام المركزية الادارية مثل النظام السوري والمصري والمملكة العربية السعودية والعراق سابقا اذ تكون العاصمة ممسكة ومسيطرة على جميع مفاصل الدولة وهذا ما يجعل الشعوب في حالة من استهجان هذه الانظمة السياسية,  اما فيما يتعلق بالنظام اللامركزي الاداري فيلاحظ ان اغلب دول عالم الشمال تعمل به واثبت نجاحه في ايصال الخدمات والاحتياجات للسكان المحليين الى المركز وباتت اغلب دول عالم الجنوب تغير انظمتها القديمة ومن الامثلة على ذلك هو العراق حيث طبق نظام اللامركزية الادارية بعد 2003 للتخلص من التركيز الشديد في الادارة وكبح الحريات العامة واهمال المرافق المحلية ومنع الناس من المشاركة في الادارة والحكم وهذا ما خلق حالة من الاحتقان للسكان المحليين اتجاه المركز.

الكلمات المفتاحية : المركزية , اللامركزية , السلبيات والايجابيات.
Conceptualizing the ICEBERG problem-solving tool (IPST): A case study of an authorized automobile dealer in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Homery Hussein A. , Ashari Hasbullah , Ahmad Asmala
Published: March 2024

This study offers the practical part of our academic, conceptual paper on the ICEBERG Problem Solving Tool (IPST) within the application of a case study for an authorized automobile dealer in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The research is designed to represent how to operationalize the ICEBERG model practically in business problem-solving by using the concept of the IPST. The research is a qualitative case study within action research. It is a three cycles of action research. The tool application identified five levels of analysis besides the cross-functional analysis, the root cause of the persistent operational events and clearly showed the leverage points in the whole sales retail system. The “IPST” five levels of analysis enable us to see the complete picture of the cause of the events, touching the leverage points for decision-makers or the organizers. It is a quick fix for pining issues of repeated business events for the dealer's high performance. With theoretical roots in system thinking, this paper contributes to applying the ICEBERG model through “IPST” as a practical problem-solving tool for the business complex environment, has puzzles (operational killing events) around the whole business process and needs to be solved for a better performance.
Effectiveness Of Productive Zakat Management In Livestock Business Development: Study on Mustahik in Rukti Endah, Central Lampung
Authors: Wijayanti Fitri , Ranny Priyatna Aulia
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of productive zakat management in the development of the mustahik livestock business. Methodology: The type of research conducted is field research, namely research conducted at research locations. The nature of this research is descriptive qualitative, namely a method used to answer research problems originating from interviews, observations, and excavation of documentation. The source of data consists of primary and secondary data. The data collection techniques used were interviews and documentation with Central Lampung BAZNAS management, the Head of the Animal Husbandry Center, and the Head of the livestock group, Muzaki, and Mustahik. Findings: Based on this research, the allocation of productive zakat funds was carried out in four villages from 1 sub-district which were divided into 4 groups of 45 people. This effectiveness is inseparable from the intervention of BAZNAS in implementing the planned procedures from planning to supervision. Mustahik was given livestock business capital in the form of 5 heads, consisting of 1 female goat and 4 male goats of the Boer type, of which 3 male goats will be exchanged for female goats. In addition, livestock manure management is also used for fertilizer and holding organic farms to make it easier for farmers to find feed.
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Sebagai Media Komunikasi Massa Di Kalangan Pelajar
Authors: Ismatul Maula Hikmah  , Rini Rusnawati  , Nanda Silvia Br Galingging  , Noerma Kurnia Fajarwati
Published: March 2024

Learning using text or conventional media makes it difficult for students to understand the material presented by the teaching staff. So now students use the YouTube application as a support in their learning activities. This research aims to find out more about the benefits of YouTube media for students and the use of YouTube social media as a place to share learning material. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and this research uses data collection techniques including library research. The data used in this research is secondary data. The results of the research show that students who use YouTube as a mass communication medium make it very easy to find the information or knowledge they need and it is easier for students to understand the material contained in videos compared to material delivered directly by teachers or lecturers either online or face to face because of videos. on the YouTube application can be played back at any time to re-study the teaching material presented.
Arransemen Lagu Anak Sekolah
Authors: Natasha Amalia Putri  , Harisnal Hadi
Published: March 2024

School children's songs are Indonesian pop songs created by Oddie Agam which contain love stories during school. The aim of this work is to create a work in the form of school music. In this work, the arranger works on school children's songs in the form of school music and then combines them with a touch of drumband to form a new arrangement to be performed. The nuance of the arrangement will be packaged cheerfully and cheerfully. This "school child" work is an expression of the author's self in a form that is realized in 3 parts, based on the development of the "school child" song and the session percussion pattern, which appears in a series of rhythms and sentences using the composition techniques that have been created. as a binder for this work.
Analisis Program Lapor Pak Berdasarkan Tinjauan Dari Sudut Pandang Pedoman Perilaku Penyiaran Dan Standar Program Siaran (P3SPS) Episode Kiki Saputri Roasting Anies Baswedan Di Trans7
Authors: Muhamad Hardandy Sutrisno  , Harmonis Harmonis
Published: March 2024

The Lapor Pak program is a variety show that will be broadcast on Trans7 starting from February 22 2021. Carrying the concept of variety comedy, Lapor Pak is packaged through sketches and talk shows with the background of a police station that comedy current criminal cases, as well as local gossip. artist with a delivery method that aims to invite laughter from the audience. The aim of this research is to determine the content of the report sir episode of Kiki Saputri Toasting Anies Baswedan program in terms of broadcasting behavior guidelines and broadcast program standards (P3SPS). This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and collects data through interviews, observation and documentation. The research results show that in the Lapor Pak program, the Kiki Saputri Roasting Anies Baswedan episode, there are 4 segments. In segment 4 there are 4 scenes that have the potential to violate P3SPS. According to the researchers, the results of the analysis were no problem because the scene was not slanderous, inflammatory, misleading or lying, the sentences uttered by Kiki were in accordance with the data and the nature of the questions was made with the concept of roasting. In analyzing each broadcast, researchers observed the scenes of each segment and each minute of the video, then looked closely at all the scenes in the video. Then, after researchers watched the video, they found no violations listed in accordance with the P3SPS article. This research illustrates how Trans7 succeeded in creating creative programs that did not violate broadcasting regulations.
HUBUNGAN USIA IBU DAN DUKUNGAN SUAMI DENGAN KEJADIAN POST PARTUM BLUES DI RSUD DAYA KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Yuliandini Astri , Suhartini Suhartini , Ani Ani , Ratnaeni Ratnaeni
Published: March 2024

Post partum blues merupakan perasaan sedih yang dialami oleh ibu melahirkan, cenderung mengalami stres yang cukup besar karena keterbatasan kondisi fisik yang membuatnya harus membatasi aktivitas dalam proses adaptasi psikologis. Dukungan yang diberikan suami kepada ibu lebih dari pada sekedar memberikan perhatian secara fisik yang dekat dengan ibu, tetapi juga berbagai tindakan nyata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan usia ibu dan dukungan suami dengan kejadian postpartum blues. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional Study.  Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu nifas yang berada di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Daya sebanyak 43 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara Purposive Sampling yaitu pengambilan responden dengan membatasi kriteria yang ditetapkan dengan total sampel 30 responden, Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu memberikan lembar kuesioner berdasarkan variabel yang diteliti untuk mengetahui hubungan usia ibu dan dukungan suami dengan kejadian post partum blues.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari hasil uji chy-square membuktikan adanya hubungan  usia ibu dengan kejadian baby blues, Hasil analisa hubungan kedua variabel diatas dengan menggunakan uji statistic chi-square didapat signifikansi dari hubungan kedua variabel tersebut adalah p value = 0.000, dimana lebih kecil dari nilai tingkat kemaknaan ᵅ = <0,05 maka ini berarti Ha diterima dan Ho tolak, maka ada hubungan usia ibu dengan kejadian baby blues di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Daya Makassar.

Kata Kunci: Usia ibu dan dukungan suami, post partum blues
Deep Learning Application – Identifying PII (Personally Identifiable Information) to Protect
Authors: Makhija Anil K.
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT This paper presents application of deep learning and machine learning models in detecting personally identifiable information (PII) in unstructured text (emails). The proposed models use support vector machine (trained using sequential minimal optimization) and long short term memory (LSTM) artificial neural network. Synthetic email dataset has been used to train and validate the proposed models and the outcomes are measured by standard measures of accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score of each of the proposed model. The experimental results on the model that uses support vector machine (trained using sequential minimal optimization) showed most promising results on detecting the personally identifiable information in the email dataset. The LSTM model also showed equally promising results. Keywords: Personally Identifiable Information, Deep Learning in detecting PII, Machine Learning in detecting PII, Artificial Intelligence in protecting privacy, Protecting Personally Identifiable Information.
Influence of annealing on the critical current of 2G HTS tapes irradiated Fe ions
Authors:   National research nuclear university «MEPHI», Abin D.A. , Rudnev I.A. ,   National research nuclear university «MEPHI»,   Kazan Federal University, Osipov M.A. ,   National research nuclear university «MEPHI», Batulin R.G. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: March 2024

Современные высокотемпературные сверхпроводящие (ВТСП) ленты востребованы для изготовления мощных электромагнитов токамаков. В силу конструкционных особенностей ВТСП материал будет находится в радиационном поле продуктов распада термоядерной реакции, а конкретно будет подвержен влиянию нейтронов с энергией около 14 МэВ, что приводит к накоплению дефектов и деградации критических характеристик. В данной статье рассматривается отжиг облучённой ионами ленты (имитационное облучение) с открытым ВТСП слоем как способ восстановления характеристик за счёт частичной рекомбинации накопленных дефектов. Показано, что облучение ионами Fe2+ приводит к уменьшению величины критического тока в 2-3,5 раза, а последующий отжиг при температуре 180-210°С, позволяет поднять критический ток на 30-40% относительно тока облучённой ленты.
Russia is ready for commercial production of superconducting windings
Authors:   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Klimenko E.Yu.
Published: March 2024

Наивные надежды на то, что с появлением высокотемпературных сверхпроводников удастся повысить рабочую температуру сверхпроводящих устройств, рассеялись. Реабилитирован жидкий гелий в качестве наилучшего хладагента. Россия становится одним из крупных поставщиков гелия на внешний рынок. Еще не утрачена технология ниобий-титановой проволоки – наилучшего сверхпроводящего материала для коммерческих применений сверхпроводящих устройств. Россия свободна от распространенных в мире предрассудков относительно возможности коммерческого использования сверхпроводящих обмоток и занимает передовые позиции в разработке научно-технических основ прикладной сверхпроводимости. Отечественные специалисты имеют опыт разработки, изготовления и эксплуатации низкотемпературных сверхпроводящих устройств. В России существуют все предпосылки для разработки комплексной программы, включающей возобновление производства низкотемпературных сверхпроводящих проводов из отечественного сырья, организацию серийного производства сверхпроводящих электромашин, индуктивных накопителей энергии, оборудования для обогащения руд редкоземельных элементов и пр. с одновременным созданием инфраструктуры эксплуатации этих устройств.
On the 85th anniversary of Prof. Ya.G. Ponomarev: the history of the Leggett mode discovery
Authors:   Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuzmichev S.A. ,   Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kuzmicheva T.E. ,   Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

Статья посвящена воспоминаниям о профессоре кафедры физики низких температур и сверхпроводимости физического факультета Московского государственного университета, заведующем лаборатории туннельной спектроскопии сверхпроводников Ярославе Георгиевиче Пономареве (1938–2015). Авторы попытались охарактеризовать его с разных сторон, как человека и как ученого. Приводится история открытия леггеттовской плазменной моды в первом известном двухщелевом сверхпроводнике, дибориде магния, сделанного профессором Я.Г. Пономарёвым в 2002 году.
Superconductivity and controlled fusion (review of the international conferences EUCAS-2023 and MT-28)
Authors:   All-Russian scientific research and development cable institute («VNIIKP»), Vysotsky V.S.
Published: March 2024

В сентябре 2023 года состоялись подряд две крупные международные конференции по технической сверхпроводимости. Европейская конференция по прикладной сверхпроводимости EUCAS-2023 (3 - 7 сентября в г. Болонья, Италия) и 28-ая конференция по Магнитным Технологиям (10 - 15 сентября в Экс-ан-Провансе, Франция). Впервые, после долгого ковидного перерыва, эти конференции проводились в очном формате. Участники конференций получили большое удовлетворение от возможностей личного общения после четырёх лет ковидных ограничений. Несмотря на известные сложности, автору статьи удалось побывать на обеих конференциях. В статье автор делится впечатлениями об организации и проведении конференций, о присуждённых премиях за научные достижения, а также обсуждает несколько интересных докладов, относящихся к использованию сверхпроводимости для управляемого термоядерного синтеза.
DOCÊNCIA COM BEBÊS: DESAFIOS PARA A PEDAGOGIA
Authors: Bitencourt Laís Caroline Andrade
Published: March 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre os desafios da educação para a docência com bebês. A abrangência e complexidade inerentes à temática, conduziu as discussões a partir de três reflexões: as práticas de cuidado e educação, a relação entre a família e a escola e as formações, inicial e continuada, das professoras. As análises são realizadas a partir da literatura da área e possibilitam ponderações sobre o trabalho com bebês em creches, indicando elementos para as formações e investigações.
TESSITURAS DE UM GRUPO DE PESQUISA: POSSIBILIDADES EDESAFIOS NA FORMAÇÃO EM LICENCIATURA
Authors: Ferreira Rosângela Veiga Júlio , Mochi Luciene Celina Cristina , Candido Grace Kelly Dos Santos
Published: March 2024

O objetivo deste relato de experiência é apresentar uma narrativa sobre as contribuições do grupo de pesquisa Linguagem, Infâncias e Educação (LINFE) na formação em licenciatura em Letras – Português, refletindo sobre como as escolhas teóricas e metodológicas desse grupo vêm contribuindo com um aporte para o exercício inicial da docência.
Shkollat Austro-Hungareze në vilajetin e Kosovës (1911-1912)
Authors: Ramadani Fehari , Çeliku Gjyla
Published: March 2024

Disfata që pësoi Perandoria Habsburge në luftë me Prusinë për dominim në botën gjermane, në vitin 1866, e detyroi qeverinë e Vjenës që politikën e saj të jashtme ta drejtonte drejt Ballkanit, të vetmen trevë ku ajo mund të shtrinte ndikimin e saj. Që atëherë, qeveria e Vjenës orientoi tërësisht politikën e saj të jashtme drejt Lindjes. Në këtë kuadër Shqipëria dhe çështja shqiptare do të bëhen pjesë e programit politik dhe strategjik të saj në Gadishullin Ballkanik. Ballkani duhej t’i zëvendësonte Austrisë humbjet e territoreve në Itali dhe të rolit udhëheqës në Gjermani, si dhe t’i rikthente dinastisë së Habsburgëve prestigjin e humbur.
Minoriteti Bullgar (Maqedonas) në vitet 1925-1939
Authors: Meta Beqir
Published: March 2024

Minoriteti bullgar gjatë periudhës së Zogut njohu një zhvillim të qetë dhe paqësor të identitetit të tij etnik e kulturor. Marrëdhëniet me qeverinë shqiptare ishin përgjithësisht të mira. Një problem delikat që u fut në marrëdhëniet mes këtij minoriteti dhe qeverisë shqiptare ishte lëvizja nacionaliste bullgare (maqedonase) që vijonte të ishte aktive në këtë periudhë. Qysh në vitin 1925 administrata e Zogut vijoi të përballej me problemin e lëvizjes bullgare që zhvillohej në Jugosllavi dhe në Greqi. Ajo mori masa energjike dhe mbajti qëndrime të prera për të ndaluar veprimtarinë e komitëve bullgarë që hynin në territorin shqiptar nga Jugosllavia dhe nga Greqia, e cila drejtohej kundër këtyre dy shteteve fqinjë. Për t’i shpëtuar ndjekjes së autoriteteve jugosllave, komitët bullgarë, zakonisht u vetëdorëzoheshin autoriteteve kufitare shqiptare në postën e Goricës. Pasi merreshin në pyetje, ata dërgoheshin në portin e Sarandës nga ku largoheshin prej territorit shqiptar.
Bashkësia islame e Gjakovës, gjatë luftës së dytë botërore (1941-1945)
Authors: Dobruna Alban
Published: March 2024

Në prill të vitit 1941, shtetet e Bllokut fashist sulmuan Jugosllavinë duke e shpërbërë dhe copëtuar atë1. Fatin e saj e përjetuan edhe trevat shqiptare që ishin nën sundimin jugosllav. Në kuadër të pushtimit nazifashist, viset shqiptare u ndanë në tri zona pushtimi: gjermane, italiane dhe bullgare. Pjesa më e madhe e Kosovës, së bashku me trevat veriperëndimore të Plavës, Gucisë, Rozhajës, Tutinit, Ulqinit, Tuzit; trevat lindore etnike shqiptare dhe pikërisht Tetova, Gostivari, Dibra, Kërçova e Struga, u përfshinë në zonën italiane të pushtimit2. Zonës okupuese gjermane iu bashkëngjitën Qarku i Mitrovicës, ku u përfshinë edhe rrethet e Podujevës, Vushtrrisë dhe Tregut të Ri, që hynë në kuadër të Serbisë së Nediqit.
Zef Mirdita, Dardanci i Dardanija u antici, Hrvatski institut za povijest (Biblioteka Hrvatska povjesnica: monografije i studije III/67), Zagreb 2015, 624 f.
Authors: Berisha Gjon
Published: March 2024

Këtë vit (2016), u nda nga jeta, studiuesi më i shquar i dardanëve dhe Dardanisë, Zef Mirdita, i cili pas vetës na la një opus të madh shkencor, në mesin e të cilave edhe veprën kapitale, të cilës ia ka kushtuar pjesën më të madhe të jetës, monografinë shkencore të shkruar në gjuhën kroate me titull “Dardanci i Dardanija u antici” (Dardanët dhe Dardania në antikë)”, për të cilën po i shkruajmë disa rreshta.
The role of investment projects in ensuring the economic security of regions
Authors: Dragunova Anastasiya Evgenievna , Belousova Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: March 2024

The main purpose of the work is to assess the impact of investment projects on ensuring the economic security of the country. It is concluded that investments are one of the main characteristics of the state's activities and allow solving existing economic or social problems, including those that can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. The article solves the following tasks: an assessment of the investment attractiveness of the regions of the Russian Federation and the Kursk region was carried out; an assessment of the current level of investment activity in the region was carried out. Attention is paid to the study of the state program of the Russian Federation "Economic development and innovative Economy" and its directions, an analysis of the financing of subprograms. Also, the rating of the investment attractiveness of the regions is considered. The methodological basis of the research is based on a set of methods of economic research combined with a systematic approach to the study of this problem. Currently, the economy of the Russian Federation is facing many problems caused by the difficult political situation, sanctions against Russia and other reasons. Achieving socio-economic goals has become impossible without investing. The role of investments is high, since thanks to the investment, the accumulation of public capital is carried out, they contribute to economic growth, the renewal of technologies, the improvement of professional qualities the employees and the development of infrastructure. They also can be aimed at achieving national interests, thereby ensuring stable economic security of the country. Investments are one of the driving forces of economic development, since they make it possible to modernize existing and create new business facilities, and can also be aimed at solving other socio-economic problems.
Increasing the effectiveness of anti-corruption as a condition for ensuring national security
Authors: Kiseleva Elena
Published: March 2024

The presented article, based on the identification of the multifaceted impact of corruption manifestations on the parameters of national security, identifies areas for improving the effectiveness of measures aimed at leveling the threats produced by this negative phenomenon. The subject of the study is a set of forms and methods of strategic anti-corruption used in the activities of public authorities of the Russian Federation, which is ensured by using methods of systemic, structural, comparative legal, historical and genetic analysis. The main message of the article is to substantiate the close relationship between the processes of ensuring national and public security in the context of countering corruption threats, which significantly reduce the level of both of these manifestations of security as a complex, multidimensional concept. In this regard, the emphasis is on the need to strengthen public participation in anti-corruption activities. Among the most important manifestations of such participation is the implementation of mechanisms of public anti-corruption control, the effective implementation of which implies the need for the formation of a set of so-called "anti-corruption competencies" among those who carry it out. Based on the analysis, it is stated that one of the most important conditions for ensuring national security is the activation of the role of society as a whole and citizens, in particular, which should be ensured by a well-formed anti-corruption worldview. Persons who must have competencies can be divided into the following two groups: basic competencies, which presuppose the possession of key knowledge, skills to ensure the formation of an anti-corruption worldview, its implementation in one’s life. Professional competencies that allow you to successfully perform functions that are directly related to combating corruption, including as part of the implementation of public anti-corruption control procedures.
Prescription patterns and their appropriateness within guidelines in chronic coronary syndrome patients
Authors: Huang Wilbert , Tiksnadi Badai Bhatara , Huda Fathul , Martha Januar Wibawa , Kusumawardhani Nuraini Yasmin , Ikhsani Rizkania , Prabhaswara Agastya , Tarsidin Najmi Fauzan , Ng Sunanto
Published: March 2024

Chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is a disease that can progress to an acute fatal phase, and appropriate intervention with first-line CCS drugs (aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), and statin) is crucial to reduce cardiovascular mortality. This study aims to describe the prescription patterns and their appropriateness within guidelines in CCS patients. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in a central general tertiary hospital in Bandung, where data are collected retrospectively to include CCS patients. Data are excluded when information on prescription and contraindication factors in those not receiving first-line drugs is absent. 152 patients are included for analysis, where the majority are male with a median of 60.5 years from an outpatient setting and mostly having a history of hypertension and prior myocardial infarction (MI). Most prescribed medications are first-line CCS drugs: statin (99.3%), beta-blockers (87.5%), ACEi/ARB/ARNI (87.5%), and aspirin (83.6%). In addition, 97.7% have received at least one antithrombotic, only 66.2% received high-intensity statin, and only 1.9% achieved an low-density lipid level target below 55 mg/dl. After accounting for contraindication factors, appropriateness within guidelines in CCS patients reaches 82.2%. In conclusion, most prescribed medications are first-line CCS drugs, and appropriateness within guidelines is high, but improvement in high-intensity statin use is still needed.
Therapeutic potential of Simvastatin and Doxycycline combination for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kondaveeti Sreenivasulu Naidu , Thummuru Ekshita Sai , Thekkekkara Dithu , Narayanan T. Lakshmi , Tausif Y. Mohammed , Srivalli Ch Manasa Renu , Babu Amrita
Published: March 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder resulting from Amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation. It leads to a decrease in memory and an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species and also increases Tubulin-associated unit phosphorylation. During AD, the cholesterol levels in the brain increase, and these regions are called lipid rafts. These lipid rafts are hosts for β and γ secretases. As a result, mono fibrils develop, which leads to Aβ oligomerization and, eventually, Aβ accumulation. Hence, the present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Simvastatin (cholesterol synthesis inhibitor) and Doxycycline (anti-amyloidogenic drug) for Aβ clearance in an Aβ-induced AD model, in female C57BL/6 mice. The mice were evaluated for spatial memory and olfactory sensation using the Morris water maze and Buried pellet test, respectively. The group treated with the combination of Simvastatin and Doxycycline at two different concentrations showed a recovery of memory and olfactory sensation when compared to the control group. The results have shown that the high-dose combination of Simvastatin and Doxycycline exhibits cholesterol lowering property by blocking the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase pathway, thereby regulating cholesterol, and eventually resulting in anti-Alzheimer’s activity.
Ausencia de orificio en la apófisis angular de la mandíbula del lirón careto Eliomys quercinus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Authors: Yuste Carmen S. , Calzada Javier
Published: March 2024

A characteristic anatomical trait of the Garden dormouse is the presence of a hole in the jaw angular apophysis. Some individuals of Garden dormouse without these holes were found in the south of the province of Huelva (SW of Spain). The absence of this hole is a rare trait which is not related to age or development degree of animals.
High-risk Escherichia coli clones that cause neonatal meningitis and association with recrudescent infection
Authors: Nhu Nguyen Thi Khanh , Phan Minh-Duy , Hancock Steven J. , Peters Kate M. , Alvarez-Fraga Laura , Forde Brian M. , Andersen Stacey B. , Miliya Thyl , Harris Patrick N.A. , Beatson Scott A. , Schlebusch Sanmarie , Bergh Haakon , Turner Paul , Brauner Annelie , Westerlund-Wikström Benita , Irwin Adam D. , Schembri Mark A.
Published: March 2024

Neonatal meningitis is a devastating disease associated with high mortality and neurological sequelae.
Escherichia coli
is the second most common cause of neonatal meningitis in full-term infants (herein NMEC) and the most common cause of meningitis in preterm neonates. Here we investigated the genomic relatedness of a collection of 58 NMEC isolates spanning 1974-2020 and isolated from seven different geographic regions. We show NMEC are comprised of diverse sequence types (STs), with ST95 (34.5%) and ST1193 (15.5%) the most common. No single virulence factor was conserved in all isolates; however, genes encoding fimbrial adhesins, iron acquisition systems, the K1 capsule, and O antigen types O18, O75 and O2 were most prevalent. Antibiotic resistance genes occurred infrequently in our collection. We also monitored the infection dynamics in three patients that suffered recrudescent invasive infection caused by the original infecting isolate despite appropriate antibiotic treatment based on antibiogram profile and resistance genotype. These patients exhibited severe gut dysbiosis. In one patient, the causative NMEC isolate was also detected in the fecal flora at the time of the second infection episode and after treatment. Thus, although antibiotics are the standard of care for NMEC treatment, our data suggests that failure to eliminate the causative NMEC that resides intestinally can lead to the existence of a refractory reservoir that may seed recrudescent infection.
Disassembly of embryonic keratin filaments promotes pancreatic cancer metastases
Authors: Kawalerski Ryan R. , Gonçalves Mariana Torrente , Pan Chun-Hao , Tseng Robert , Roa-Peña Lucia , Leiton Cindy V. , Torre-Healy Luke A. , Boyle Taryn , Chowdhury Sumedha , Snider Natasha T. , Shroyer Kenneth R. , Escobar-Hoyos Luisa F.
Published: March 2024

Keratin 17 (K17), an oncofetal intermediate filament protein, is one of the most abundantly expressed proteins in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) of the most aggressive molecular subtype. The mechanistic roles of this protein in malignancy, however, are largely unexplored. Here we show that K17 expression and disassembly enhances tumor growth and metastatic potential and shortens survival. Using mass spectrometry in K17 isolated from patient’s tumors, we identified a hotspot phosphorylation site in serines 10-13. Site-mutagenesis revealed that phosphorylation of this hotspot is sufficient to disassemble K17 and promote its nuclear translocation.
In silico
and pharmacologic inhibition studies uncovered the role of the PKC/MEK/RSK pathway in the phosphorylation and disassembly of K17. Murine models bearing tumors expressing phosphomimetic mutations at the serine hotspot displayed enhanced metastases, compared to mice bearing tumors expressing wild-type K17 or phosphorylation-resistant K17. Lastly, we found that detergent-soluble nuclear K17 promotes the expression of metastasis promoting genes in both patient and murine tumors. These results suggest that phosphorylation at specific serines is sufficient to promote pancreatic cancer metastasis and shorter survival, and that these sites could provide novel, druggable therapeutic domains to enhance PDAC patient survival.
Shaping the physical world to our ends: The left PF technical-cognition area
Authors: Osiurak François , Federico Giovanni , Fournel Arnaud , Gaujoux Vivien , Lamberton Franck , Ibarrola Danièle , Rossetti Yves , Lesourd Mathieu
Published: March 2024

Our propensity to materiality, which consists in using, making, creating, and passing on technologies, has enabled us to shape the physical world according to our ends. To explain this proclivity, scientists have calibrated their lens to either low-level skills such as motor cognition or high-level skills such as language or social cognition. Yet, little has been said about the intermediate-level cognitive processes that are directly involved in mastering this materiality. We aim to focus on this intermediate level for contributing to building a cognitive framework of human technology. Here we show that a technical-reasoning process might be specifically at work in physical problem-solving situations. We found via two distinct neuroimaging studies that the area PF (parietal F) within the left parietal lobe is central for this reasoning process in both tool-use and non-tool-use physical problem-solving and can work along with social-cognitive skills to resolve day-to-day interactions that combine social and physical constraints. Our results demonstrate the existence of a specific cognitive module in the human brain dedicated to materiality, which might be the supporting pillar allowing the accumulation of technical knowledge over generations. Intensifying research on technical cognition could nurture a comprehensive framework that has been missing in fields interested in how early and modern humans have been interacting with the physical world through technology, and how this interaction has shaped our history and culture.
Electroencephalography (EEG) based epilepsy diagnosis via multiple feature space fusion using shared hidden space-driven multi-view learning
Authors: Hu Xiujian , Xie Yicheng , Zhao Hui , Sheng Guanglei , Lai Khin Wee , Zhang Yuanpeng
Published: March 2024

Epilepsy is a chronic, non-communicable disease caused by paroxysmal abnormal synchronized electrical activity of brain neurons, and is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide. Electroencephalography (EEG) is currently a crucial tool for epilepsy diagnosis. With the development of artificial intelligence, multi-view learning-based EEG analysis has become an important method for automatic epilepsy recognition because EEG contains difficult types of features such as time-frequency features, frequency-domain features and time-domain features. However, current multi-view learning still faces some challenges, such as the difference between samples of the same class from different views is greater than the difference between samples of different classes from the same view. In view of this, in this study, we propose a shared hidden space-driven multi-view learning algorithm. The algorithm uses kernel density estimation to construct a shared hidden space and combines the shared hidden space with the original space to obtain an expanded space for multi-view learning. By constructing the expanded space and utilizing the information of both the shared hidden space and the original space for learning, the relevant information of samples within and across views can thereby be fully utilized. Experimental results on a dataset of epilepsy provided by the University of Bonn show that the proposed algorithm has promising performance, with an average classification accuracy value of 0.9787, which achieves at least 4% improvement compared to single-view methods.
Characterization of PYL gene family and identification of HaPYL genes response to drought and salt stress in sunflower
Authors: Wang Zhaoping , Zhou Jiayan , Zou Jian , Yang Jun , Chen Weiying
Published: March 2024

In the context of global climate change, drought and soil salinity are some of the most devastating abiotic stresses affecting agriculture today. PYL proteins are essential components of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and play critical roles in responding to abiotic stressors, including drought and salt stress. Although PYL genes have been studied in many species, their roles in responding to abiotic stress are still unclear in the sunflower. In this study, 19 HaPYL genes, distributed on 15 of 17 chromosomes, were identified in the sunflower. Fragment duplication is the main cause of the expansion of PYL genes in the sunflower genome. Based on phylogenetic analysis, HaPYL genes were divided into three subfamilies. Members in the same subfamily share similar protein motifs and gene exon-intron structures, except for the second subfamily. Tissue expression patterns suggested that HaPYLs serve different functions when responding to developmental and environmental signals in the sunflower. Exogenous ABA treatment showed that most HaPYLs respond to an increase in the ABA level. Among these HaPYLs, HaPYL2a, HaPYL4d, HaPYL4g, HaPYL8a, HaPYL8b, HaPYL8c, HaPYL9b, and HaPYL9c were up-regulated with PEG6000 treatment and NaCl treatment. This indicates that they may play a role in resisting drought and salt stress in the sunflower by mediating ABA signaling. Our findings provide some clues to further explore the functions of PYL genes in the sunflower, especially with regards to drought and salt stress resistance.
Reliability and validity of an app-assisted tissue compliance meter in measuring tissue stiffness on a phantom model
Authors: Brandl Andreas , Acikalin Eda , Bartsch Katja , Wilke Jan , Schleip Robert
Published: March 2024

Background

Most methods for soft tissue stiffness assessment require high financial resources, significant technical effort, or extensive therapist training. The PACT Sense device was developed to be used in a wide range of applications and user groups. However, to date, there are no data on its validity and reliability. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the PACT device.

Methods

A polyurethane phantom tissue model (PTM) mimicking the mechanical properties of the fascia profunda and the erector spinae muscle was used. Stiffness measurements with PACT were conducted by two independent investigators. For construct validity, correlations were calculated between the known stiffness of the PTM and values obtained with PACT. For concurrent validity, we determined the association between the PACT values and additional measurements with the established MyotonPRO device. To estimate interrater and intrarater (two measurements with an interval of 7 days) reliability, we used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results

Correlation analysis (PTM/PACT) revealed very high concurrent validity (r = 0.99; p < 0.001), construct validity (PACT/MyotonPRO) was 0.87, p < 0.001. Both, interrater reliability (ICC = 0.85; p = 0.036) and intrarater reliability were good (ICC = 0.89; p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The PACT provides valid and reliable stiffness measurements in tissue phantoms. Further studies in humans are needed to confirm its physiometric properties under in vivo conditions.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF KASISA BHASMA PREPARED BY TWO DIFFERENT METHODS
Authors: GK Saranya , RS Sreelekshmi , TV Sreeni
Published: March 2024

Kasisa is an Iron-containing compound mentioned in Ayurveda. Different methods for the preparation of Kasisa Bhasma are described in ancient Ayurveda textbooks. However, the lack of standardisation in the incineration process poses a significant challenge to ensuring the preparation's quality. In the present study, the method mentioned in Rasamrutha was adopted. The classical method of bhasma preparation comes with certain challenges. An Electric Muffle Furnace offers a more controlled and consistent alternative, addressing some of the difficulties associated with the classical approach. Hence, two different heating methods were adopted here to prepare bhasma (the classical method and an Electric Muffle Furnace). The final product obtained from these two methods was characterised by X-ray diffraction to determine the composition. The study findings indicate a notable shift in the product to oxide form, with a higher percentage observed in the classical method of bhasma preparation.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA POLY-HERBAL FORMULATION NELLIMULLI ILAGAM
Authors: Poongkothai C. , Vennila K. , Sundaram M. Meenakshi , Meenakumari R.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The Siddha system is an ancient, holistic system. The medicine in this system is prepared from raw materials of herbs, metals, minerals and animal products. In recent years, considerable research has focused on validation and standardisation aspects. Nellimulli ilagam is a polyherbal Siddha formulation used to manage Veluppu noi. Aim: To study the physicochemical analysis of Nellimulli ilagam. Methods: Standardization parameters such as organoleptic characteristics, physicochemical analysis, test for aflatoxins, pesticide residues, specific pathogens, and heavy metal analysis were carried out as per PLIM guidelines. Results: The results obtained from the trial drug Nellimulli ilagam study show that it has a dark, brownish-coloured semi-solid texture with a strong characteristic odour and is non-free-flowing. Physicochemical analysis reveals that pH was 7.2, total ash value was 10±0.4 and acid insoluble ash value was 0.02±0.004. Loss on drying at 105 0C is 8.4±0.9. The test for aflatoxins and pesticide residues showed negative results. Test for microbial contamination and specific pathogen shows absent. Test for heavy metals shows below the limit of quantification (BLQ).
A REVIEW ON THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM OF TRIDOSHA IN THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE (ARTAVACHAKRA)
Authors: M Reshma , Khandale Swati N , Baghel AS , Donga Shilpa B
Published: March 2024

In Ayurveda, menstruation is referred to as artava, an upadhatu formed during rasa dhatu formation. It usually begins at the age of twelve (Rajapravritti kala) and ends at the age of fifty (Rajonivritti kala) in women. The menstrual cycle is a cyclical bleeding that occurs every month for three to five days in reproductive-age women. The artavachakra is divided into three phases: ritu kala, rajavyateeta kala, and rajasrava kala, which correspond to menstrual bleeding, the proliferative phase, and the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle. These three phases are controlled by the three doshas, and any imbalance in them may lead to menstrual abnormalities. The equilibrium of the three doshas results in a regular menstrual cycle. The aggregation or vriddhi of Kapha, Pitta, and Vata occur in ritu kala, rituvyateeta kala and rajasrava kala, respectively, along with the chaya and shamana of other doshas.