bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Abordaje diagnóstico de la diarrea crónica
Authors: Moreno María Laura
Published: May 2021

Chronic diarrhea is a frequent reason for the referral to the specialist and its prevalence is estimated at around from 4 to 5%. Reaching an etiological diagnosis is a real clinical challenge. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in its genesis are multiple and sometimes coexist in the same individual. A correctly oriented anamnesis and physical examination will allow to identify key data, mainly the presence of symptoms or alarm signs with the intention of discriminating between the functional and the organic causes. The doctor must know how to use his clinical judgment, evaluate the probabilities and use the diagnostic methods available with the precise orientation to adapt them to each particular case. The categorization of diarrhea as watery, malabsorptive or inflammatory attempts to simplify the diagnostic process, although it is only indicative. The objective of the following review is to present the different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in chronic diarrhea, as well as the available diagnostic and therapeutic tools that allow us to carry out an adequate approach for its study.
Síndrome de Boerhaave. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Chiaradia Pablo , Larrañaga Nebil , Roccatagliata Nicolás , Paba Mariangela , Jeanmaire Esteban , Peralta Daniel , Clemente Ochoteco Gastón , Vallejos Javier
Published: May 2021

The esophageal perforation is a well-documented clinical entity, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although the etiology is usually iatrogenic, it can occur spontaneously without any known pre-existing esophageal patology. Boerhaave first described it in relation to the increased intra-abdominal pressure. Upon clinical suspicion (for the Mackler’s triad), further radiological studies (plain radiograph, chest radiograph with water-soluble contrast medium and computer tomography) are a key factors for a timely and precise diagnosis, leading to adequate treatment and managment. The objective of this study is to present a case report and a bibliographical review of the patology and its radiological signs.
Syphilitic hepatitis: should it be added to the algorithm of hepatogram alterations? Report of three cases
Authors: Veloso Victoria , Chiodi Daniela , Hernández Nelia
Published: May 2021

Hepatic involvement due to syphilis is a rare manifestation where a high index of suspicion is required for its diagnosis. Three clinical cases of syphilitic hepatitis with cholestatic/mixed presentation are described and discussed, without criteria of severity and rapid biochemical response once the specific treatment has been administered.
Abdomen agudo en un adolescente con poliposis juvenil. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Muñoz Cedeño Rubén , Ricaurte Enriquez Michelle , Martínez Ballesteros Priscila , Paullán Sani Viviana , Rodríguez Chica Gema
Published: May 2021

Juvenile polyposis syndrome is an autosomal-dominant condition disease characterized by multiple juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. These polyps may be present in the entire digestive tract; generally in the colon. We present the case of a 16-year-old adolescent with a history of polyps, who had had bowel resections for acute abdomen on two occasions (at 5 and 11 years of age). Endoscopic procedures were carried out, finding polyps and performing a polypectomy. After 24 hours, the patient presented proctorrhagia associated with acute abdominal pain by an obstruction, for which he was surgically intervened with an exploratory laparotomy where an intussusception was found.
Síndrome de Rapunzel. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Durán Becerra Vanessa , Padilla Pinzón Laura Tatiana , Pulido Segura Jean Andre , Cabrera Vargas Luis Felipe , Pedraza Ciro Mauricio , Sánchez Ussa Sebastián , Vinck Geerman Erick , Arce Tomás
Published: May 2021

Bezoars are accumulations of non-digestible material in the gastrointestinal tract; classified according to the material that it is composed. They are called trichobezoars to those who are formed by the hair, and when are extended to the gastric chamber are called Rapunzel syndrome. It presents mainly in teenagers associated with psychiatric disorders. It has different clinical manifestations and the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the gold standard for its diagnosis. We present a case of a Rapunzel Syndrome in an 18 years old patient who was admitted due to abdominal pain, emesis and absence of stools. The initial diagnosis was a difficult diagnosis because of an intestinal obstruction. By this reason it was decided to perform an exploratory laparotomy where it was found a trichobezoar which was extended over the pylorus. According to literature, Laparotomy is the most successful procedure for the resolution of this disease.
Application and Development of Electronic Computers in Aero Engine Design and Manufacture
Authors: Luo Zhe
Published: May 2021

This paper has introduced the development of CAD and CAM at home and abroad, especially the application in aero engine; The development goal, implementation steps and assumption of computer system configuration of CAD / CAM technology for aero engine in China are put forward combined with the current situation of CAD / CAM technology in China.
DEVELOPMENT STATE OF THE RESTAURANT SERVICES MARKET IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Nurpeisova M. M.
Published: May 2021

The purpose of the study is to consider the specifics of the development of the catering industry in the context of the coronavirus pandemic and prepare appropriate proposals for the development of the catering industry.Methodology. In processing the factual material, such traditional scientific methods as dialectical, chronological, logical, scientific generalizations, statistical and comparative analysis were used. Methods of comparison, structuring goals, as well as expert assessments were used as research tools.Originality / value of the study – during the study, the current state of the restaurant industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan was considered, new formats of enterprises, their innovative concepts, taking into account various target segments and development trends were studied.Findings – the article examines the role of innovative technologies and the impact of modern reality on the restaurant business, as well as the main trends in the development of cuisine, taking into account the national culture, traditions, healthy eating in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Implementation Of Contrastive Analysis To Overcome The Difficulties of Learning English Pronunciation Sub-Skill
Authors: Ristati  , Bahing  , Lesly Martha  , Maida Norahmi
Published: May 2021

This research was conducted to investigate and understand pronunciation problems, which is the sub-skill of speaking in the first semester students of the UPR FKIP English Education Study Program through contrastive analysis. The purpose of this study was to analyze pronunciation errors in English words and the causes of the errors made by students who were the research subjects. The design used in this study to present the data is descriptive qualitative. The results of data analysis were classified into consonant errors (consonants), vowels (vowels), and vowels (diphthongs) and the causes why these errors occured.

Based on the results of data analysis, the English segmental sounds that were difficult to pronounce by students of the English Education Study Program semester I in the academic year 2020/2021 were (1) long vowels or tense vowels (i:, u:, ?:, ?:, ?:]; (2) short vowels soundor lax vowels low vowel sound [æ], and neutral vowel (schwa) [?]; (3) the sound of diphthongs (double vowels), namely rising diphthongs [??] and falling diphthongs [??], [e?], and [??]; and (4) fricative consonant sounds [f, v, z, ?, ð, ?, ?].

The causes of difficulty in learning pronunciation of English segmental sounds are (1) differences in Indonesian and English sound systems and (2) lack of knowledge of the English sound system.
Penerapan Metode Drill dan Resitasi Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Volume Kubus dan Balok pada Siswa Kelas V SDN I Terusan Makmur Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018
Authors: I Wayan Bawa
Published: May 2021

Permasalahan yang ingin di kaji dalam penelitian ini adalah: a) Bagaimanakah peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan diterapkan nya metode Drill dan Resitasi? b) Bagaimanakah pengaruh metode -metode Drill dan Resitasi terhadap motivasi belajar siswa? Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan ini adalah: a) Ingin mengetahui peningkatan Hasil belajar siswa setelah diterapkannya metode Drill dan Resitasi, b) Ingin mengetahui pengaruh motivasi belajar siswa setelah diterapkan nya metode metode Drill dan Resitasi.

Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga putaran. Setiap putaran terdiri dari empat tahap  yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V Data yang di peroleh berupa hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar.

Dari hasil analis di dapatkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus III yaitu, siklus I (65%), siklus II (75%), siklus III (95%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode Drill dan Resitasi dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi belajar Siswa SDN I Terusan Makmur, serta metode pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternative pembelajaran matematika.
Tìm hiểu mối tương quan giữa nồng độ NT - Probnp với thang điểm Sofa, Apache II và nồng độ Procalcitonin huyết tương ở bệnh nhân nhiễm khuẩn nặng, sốc nhiễm khuẩn
Authors: Phương Vũ Hoàng , Hiền Nguyễn Thị
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu nhằm mục tiêu tìm hiểu mối tương quan giữa nồng độ NT-proBNP với thang điểm SOFA, APACHE II và nồng độ procalcitonin huyết tương ở bệnh nhân nhiễm khuẩn nặng, sốc nhiễm khuẩn (NKN/SNK). 57 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán nhiễm trùng nặng, sốc nhiễm trùng tại Trung tâm Gây mê và Hồi sức ngoại khoa Bệnh viện Việt Đức từ tháng 9 năm 2016 đến tháng 9 năm 2017. Xét nghiệm NT-proBNP tại 3 thời điểm: N1 – thời điểm khi bắt đầu được chẩn đoán NKN/SNK; N3 – sau điều trị 3 ngày và N5 – sau điều trị 5 ngày được ghi nhận cùng với chỉ số SOFA, APACHE II và xét nghiệm procalcitonin máu. Nồng độ NT–proBNP có mối tương quan ở mức độ trung bình với thang điểm SOFA (r = 0,572), thang điểm APACHE (r = 0,536) và tương quan yếu với nồng độ procalcitonin (r = 0,385). Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi cho thấy nồng độ NT-proBNP có liên quan trung bình đến mức độ suy chức năng các tạng và không liên quan với nồng độ procalcitonin ở bệnh nhân NKN/SNK.
Tổn thương bọng nước xuất huyết ở trẻ bị ban xuất huyết Henoch Schönlein
Authors: Công Mai Thành , Thúy Nguyễn Thị Diệu , Điệp Phó Hồng
Published: May 2021

Tổn thương da đặc trưng của Henoch-Schönlein (HSP) là ban xuất huyết nổi gồ nhẹ ở phần xa hai chân và mông, thường hồi phục hoàn toàn không cần điều trị. Tổn thương bọng nước xuất huyết là biểu hiện da hiếm gặp trong HSP trẻ em, gây khó khăn cho chẩn đoán và có thể để lại di chứng tại da. Chúng tôi báo cáo một trường hợp trẻ nam 9 tuổi biểu hiện ban xuất huyết hai cẳng chân và viêm khớp, được chẩn đoán là HSP và điều trị bằng ibuprofen. Sau 8 ngày, tổn thương da tiến triển thành các bọng nước xuất huyết ở hai cẳng chân. Sinh thiết da mô bệnh học cho thấy viêm mạch hủy bạch cầu, lắng đọng IgA, C3 trong thành mạch khi nhuộm miễn dịch huỳnh quang trực tiếp, phù hợp với chẩn đoán HSP. Trẻ được điều trị corticosteroid toàn thân giảm liều dần và ngừng trong 45 ngày, tổn thương da hồi phục nhưng để lại sẹo ở vài vị trí. Tổn thương bọng nước xuất huyết hiếm gặp trong HSP nhưng có thể để lại di chứng tại da, cần kết hợp với mô bệnh học để chẩn đoán chính xác và điều trị phù hợp.
Trầm cảm ở người bệnh điều trị Methadone và Buprenorphine tại một số tỉnh miền núi phía Bắc Việt Nam: tỷ lệ và các yếu tố liên quan
Authors: Luân Phạm Thành , Anh Vũ Minh , Diệp Nguyễn Bích , Trang Nguyễn Thu , Tâm Nguyễn Thị Minh , Cảnh Hoàng Đình , Giang Lê Minh
Published: May 2021

Nghiên cứu với mục tiêu xác định tỷ lệ hiện mắc trầm cảm và một số  yếu tố liên quan với trầm cảm ở bệnh nhân điều trị nghiện chất dạng thuốc phiện (CDTP) bằng Methadone và Buprenorphine. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang tại 3 cơ sở điều trị nghiện CDTP ở 3 tỉnh miền núi phía Bắc Việt Nam là Lai Châu, Điện Biên và Sơn La, trên 344 bệnh nhân khởi liều từ tháng 3 đến tháng 12 năm 2019. Số liệu được thu thập bằng bộ câu hỏi phỏng vấn hành vi nguy cơ, và thang sàng lọc trầm cảm PHQ-2. Tỷ lệ trầm cảm (điểm PHQ 2 ≥ 2) chung là 7,3%, nhóm người bệnh Methadone 1,7%, nhóm người bệnh Buprenorphine 10,2% (p < 0,05). Các yếu tố liên quan đến trầm cảm: điều trị bằng Buprenorphine (p = 0,019). Nghiên cứu đã cho thấy một tỷ lệ tương đối của trầm cảm ở những bệnh nhân điều trị nghiện CDTP, điều này gợi ý cần có các dịch vụ hỗ trợ phù hợp để có thể nâng cao hiệu quả của chương trình điều trị nghiện chất dạng thuốc phiện bằng thuốc thay thế tại Việt Nam.
Nghiên cứu kêt quả ghép tế bào gốc tạo máu tự thân ở bệnh nhân u lympho không hodgkin tế bào B tái phát tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai
Authors: Hưng Nguyễn Văn , Tùng Nguyễn Tuấn , Vinh Phạm Quang
Published: May 2021

Hóa trị liệu liều cao kết hợp với ghép tế bào gốc tạo máu tự thân điều trị u lympho không Hodgkin tái phát/dai dẳng là phương pháp điều trị hiện đại có hiệu quả cao. Nghiên cứu thực hiện với mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị u lympho không Hodgkin tế bào B tái phát bằng phương pháp ghép tế bào gốc tạo máu tự thân. 12 người bệnh u lympho không Hodgkin tế bào B tái phát được lựa chọn, phương pháp nghiên cứu mô tả loạt ca bệnh. Thời gian mọc mảnh ghép trung bình đối với bạch cầu trung tính và tiểu cầu là: 10,2 và 13,3 ngày, thời gian nằm viện trung bình là 33,8 ngày. Tỷ lệ đạt đáp ứng hoàn sau ghép tế bào gốc đạt 11/12 người bệnh. Thời gian sống thêm bệnh không tiến triển và sống thêm toàn bộ trung bình tính theo Kaplan - Meier ước tính là: 44,4 ± 8,3 tháng và 56,1 ± 7,1 tháng. Tỷ lệ sống thêm không sự kiện và sống thêm toàn bộ ước tính tại thời điểm 3 năm là: 72,7% và 81,8%; tại thời điểm 5 năm là: 48,5% và 61,4%.
Một số ảnh hưởng trên chức năng thất trái ở các bệnh nhân ghép tế bào gốc điều trị bệnh máu ác tính
Authors: Hiền Mã Thị Thu , Bảng Đỗ Kim , Tùng Nguyễn Tuấn
Published: May 2021

Hiện nay ung thư và các bệnh máu ác tính đang có xu hướng ngày càng gia tăng. Sự ra đời của phương pháp điều trị ghép tế bào gốc tạo máu cùng với sự phát triển của hóa trị liệu đã mang lại cơ hội sống cho nhiều bệnh nhân mắc bệnh máu ác tính nhưng đồng thời cũng làm gia tăng gánh nặng bệnh tật do tác dụng phụ của hóa trị liệu trong đó có bệnh lý tim mạch. Nghiên cứu của chúng tôi sử dụng phương pháp siêu âm tim 2D nhằm đánh giá chức năng thất trái ở các bệnh nhân này. Kết quả cho thấy, phân số tống máu thất trái và sức căng cơ tim toàn bộ theo chiều dọc giảm ở thời điểm sau ghép tế bào gốc 1 tháng (khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê, p < 0,05) và có sự hồi phục ở thời điểm sau ghép TBG 3 tháng. Vận tốc sóng E, tỷ lệ E/A, và vận tốc sóng e’ bên giảm sau ghép 1 tháng (khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê, p < 0,05).
U xơ tử cung ký sinh vào phúc mạc thành bụng sau phẫu thuật nội soi bóc u xơ tử cung có dùng máy nghiền bệnh phẩm
Authors: Thiện Đặng Thị Hồng , Anh Ngô Toàn , Giang Nguyễn Bảo
Published: May 2021

U xơ tử cung ký sinh vào phúc mạc thành bụng là bệnh lý hiếm gặp khi phát hiện nhiều khối u tế bào cơ trơn nằm rải rác trong khoang bụng. Đây là bệnh lý ít gặp. Chúng tôi xin báo cáo một ca bệnh U xơ tử cung ký sinh vào phúc mạc thành bụng xảy ra sau phẫu thuật nội soi bóc u xơ tử cung. Bệnh nhân 42 tuổi, có 2 con. Năm 2015 được mổ nội soi bóc u xơ tử cung. Năm 2020 đi khám bệnh vì đau bụng hạ vị. Siêu âm và chụp cộng hưởng từ tiểu khung nghĩ tới u xơ tử cung tái phát. Bệnh nhân được chỉ định mổ cắt tử cung. Mở bụng thấy tử cung bình thường, sát sừng trái tử cung dính vào thành bụng ở vị trí chọc trocart cũ có vài nhân xơ nhỏ 1-2cm. Trong bụng có nhiều khối u không liên tục với tử cung ở các vị trí sau phúc mạc thành bụng sát trực tràng và trước bàng quang. Kết quả giải phẫu bệnh là các khối u cơ nhẵn lành tính. Đây là một trường hợp được nhận định là u xơ ký sinh ở phúc mạc thành bụng sau phẫu thuật nội soi bóc u xơ tử cung có lấy bệnh phẩm bằng máy nghiền. Trường hợp này hiếm gặp. Khi lấy u xơ khỏi bụng bằng máy nghiền, những mảnh nhỏ của khối u đã phát tán ra ổ phúc mạc, ký sinh dưới phúc mạc thành bụng và phát triển thành những khối u to, được phát hiện sau 65 tháng. Khối u xơ tử cung ký sinh vào phúc mạc thành bụng thường phát triển không có triệu chứng. Sau phẫu thuật nội soi bóc u có sử dụng máy nghiền bệnh phẩm, khuyến cáo bệnh nhân phải khám phụ khoa định kỳ trong thời gian dài để phát hiện sớm bệnh lý này.
(A-n) – Potent operators on Hilbert space
Authors: Shaakir Laith  K. , Abdulwahid Elaf  S. , Hijab Anas  A.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new class of operators on a complex Hilbert space which is called (A-n)-potent operator. An operator is called (A-n)-potent operator if where is positive integer number greater than or equal 2. We investigate some basic properties of such operators and study the relation between (A-n)-potent operators and some kinds of operators.
La Escuela rural frente a la expansión urbana: conflictos y oportunidades
Authors: Rivera Sepúlveda Álvaro Andrés , Vergara Maribel
Published: May 2021

El artículo muestra los modos como una institución educativa oficial, localizada en una zona rural periférica de Bogotá (Colombia), experimenta y encara las dinámicas que la expansión urbana de la ciudad origina en la escuela y su entorno. La metodología del estudio es de enfoque cualitativo y carácter descriptivo-comprensivo, a partir de ocho visitas de campo, revisión de dos documentos institucionales y 15 entrevistas en profundidad con actores educativos locales. Los resultados muestran las tensiones entre lo “urbano” y lo “rural” como categorías sociales, más que geográficas, y cómo la administración pública de la ciudad las ha profundizado. También dejan ver un claro posicionamiento de la comunidad local por mantener la legitimidad de su territorialidad escolar y consolidar el sentido de identidad y exclusividad de la cultura campesina.
Educación: medio reparador de víctimas y victimarios del conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Rincón Ospina Ferney Hernán
Published: May 2021

Este artículo presenta un análisis de la educación como puente entre víctimas y victimarios del conflicto armado colombiano, para desarrollar procesos de reparación y reconciliación entre ellos. Tanto el material textual como su análisis parten de la experiencia del autor en procesos de reconciliación a lo largo de diez años. La experiencia se presenta en cuatro partes: en la primera, se caracteriza el contexto en el que se realizó el proceso formativo; en la segunda, se hace el análisis de cuatro elementos relevantes del proceso de reparación y reconciliación entre víctimas y victimarios: encuentros terapéuticos de reconciliación, inclusión escolar, convivencia como factor reconciliador y acompañamiento psicosocial; en la tercera parte se muestra cómo estos elementos permitieron realizar procesos reales de reparación y reconciliación entre ambos grupos poblacionales. Por último, se justifica y evidencia el papel preponderante de la educación como medio transformador en población en condición de vulnerabilidad psicosocial.
Factores determinantes de la deserción escolar y expectativas de estudiantes que asisten a escuelas alternativas
Authors: Espinoza Óscar , González Fiegehen Luis Eduardo , Loyola Campos Javier
Published: May 2021

El gobierno de Chile dispone de un sistema de "centros de segunda oportunidad", cuya misión es proveer una oportunidad a desertores escolares de entre 14 y 18 años de edad para que completen sus estudios. Este artículo se propone un doble objetivo: por un lado, relacionar las características de los estudiantes de estos centros y sus familias con su historial de fracaso escolar (repitencia); por otro, establecer la relación existente entre las expectativas futuras declaradas por los estudiantes y un conjunto de variables de caracterización, incluido el historial de fracaso escolar. Para la recolección de información se aplicó una encuesta a 1112 estudiantes, seleccionados de 18 de los 134 centros de segunda oportunidad existentes en Chile. Se concluye que, dado que las razones por las cuales los estudiantes que asisten a centros de segunda oportunidad abandonaron la escuela regular son variadas, la integración y retención efectiva de esta diversidad de estudiantes -en términos de historial académico, características familiares, ambiciones de futuro, etc.- en este tipo de instituciones dependerá de la implementación de programas educativos flexibles y adaptables, y en este sentido diferentes de los programas más uniformes propios de la escuela convencional.
Come riconoscere un feeding disorder
Authors: Porcù Maria Francesca , Bonazzi Sara , Mazzoni Elisa , Cervi Giulia , Paone Giuseppina , Nanni Francesca , Morisi Laura , Soffritti Silvia
Published: May 2021

Feeding disorders (FDs) are a large group of behaviours characterized by selectivity, inadequate intake and refusal of food. These disorders are frequent in children (10-15% < 3 years old) and their causes are multiple and variably combined. FDs have a significant impact in everyday life for the child, their family and caregivers inside or outside the school environment. In the last few years in the Department of Paediatric Dysphagia in Bologna (Italy) an increase in the number of healthy children with insufficient oral intake or extremely selective food behaviour, due to selecting in type, texture, smell or appearance of food, has been observed. These children tend to develop dysfunctional or oppositional behaviours during mealtime. This growing need requires the implementation of a network with local paediatricians that focalize the feeding disorder and refer the family to a multidisciplinary assessment. The multidisciplinary team identifies behavioural strategies, structural changes to the mealtime and at the same time introduces intervention for the sensorial normalization. The primary goal is the caregivers’ training: parents and school staff are constantly supported as they offer the child new, different, pleasant and adequate food proposals, avoiding to stop at first refusal. Parent training plays a significant role during such intervention, as it reduces mealtime stress and improves child-parent relationship. The introduction of new strategies during mealtime in a playful, positive and cheerful setting encourages the child’s willingness to taste new foods or new textures. Moreover, their peer and parent modelling improves the outcome.
Sgombroide
Authors: Da Lozzo Prisca
Published: May 2021

The Authors described a case of scombroid poisoning in a 14-year-old atopic boy, initially misdiagnosed as allergic urticaria. Scombroid poisoning is a poorly known type of food poisoning due to the presence of histamine in spoiled fish of the Scombridae family. The patient presented with an itchy truncal rash after eating a pizza with tuna. The antihistamine therapy was promptly effective.
Due polsi scomparsi in un soffio
Authors: Occhipinti Alessandro Agostino
Published: May 2021

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a narrowing of the proximal thoracic aorta typically located at the junction of the aorta with the ductus arteriosus. Clinical presentation varies from heart failure in neonatal period to asymptomatic cases diagnosed later in life. CoA was suspected in a 12-month-old child who showed moderate precordial murmur accompanied by hypertension exclusively present at the upper limbs with absence of the femoral pulses. The evaluation of femoral pulses should be repeated during the child growth because CoA may not be completely developed in the neonatal period.
A Systematic Review of Policy Enforcement as a Catalyst for Digitalizing Agriculture in West and East Africa
Authors: Tossou Sèlidji Hermann , Okou Farris A. Y. , Kpanou Setondji Ben-Vital K.
Published: May 2021

Digitalization is an opportunity for African farmers, as it brings several services and innovative technology closer to them. Nowadays, the digital agriculture ecosystem in Africa involves hundreds of start-ups and projects that work toward innovative and sustainable solutions. However, the government policies that need to create a conducive environment do not always keep pace with the digital ecosystems needs. In this article, we review ICT-related policies and their influence on agriculture in thirteen countries from West Africa and six from East Africa. The review was conducted using a mixed-methods approach. We used MCI and EBA ICT index for quantitative analysis on one hand, and on the other hand the content analysis technique Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was used. The analysis yielded four main conclusions. First, government policies address mainly the areas of infrastructure development, digital finance and access to credit, and data protection. Second, countries with a dedicated ICT for agriculture strategy are scarce in East and West Africa. Third, in-country actions on e-agriculture are scattered with weak coordination and synergy. Fourth, East Africa is farther ahead than West Africa in terms of digital policy enforcement for agriculture on the continent. The findings have implications for policies that are more adapted to farmers’ context and needs.
Where the Spirit Dwells: Reflections on “The Encyclical of the Recent Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church” through an Eastern-European Pentecostal Lens
Authors: Augustine Daniela Christova
Published: May 2021

The present article looks at the Encyclical of the Holy and Great Council of the Orthodox Church (Crete, 2016) and its implications for ecumenical relations between Orthodox and Classical Pentecostals. The text reflects on the Encyclical through an Eastern-European Pentecostal perspective, engaging its inherent ecclesiological pneumatology, by focusing on three interrelated themes, namely, the understanding of the church as a continuing Pentecost, the apostolic succession as a guardian of the church’s charismatic essence, and the church’s sobornost—its pneumatic conciliarity and catholicity.
Holy Council Ecumenical Responses: An Orthodox “Snapshot” Reflection in Time
Authors: FitzGerald Kyriaki Karidoyanes
Published: May 2021

The editors of the Journal of World Christianity invited the author to offer an Orthodox reply to four ecumenical responses (Catholic and Protestant) to the historic 2016 Holy and Great Council held on the island of Crete. Written from both a theological and phenomenological perspective, this evaluation serves as a “snapshot in time” regarding the unprecedented significance of this extraordinary event. Furthermore, responses called attention to some major issues that diverse groups of Christians are facing today, vis-à-vis one another, and especially regarding the Orthodox Church.
Schibboleth
Authors: Redfield Marc
Published: May 2021

The word shibboleth appears in two poems of Celan’s: “Schibboleth” and “In eins.” Both poems seem to bring this word close to the semantic field of slogan, refusing it the meaning of test-word as phoneme, though a close reading of “In eins” reveals that the poem multiplies possible referents for this word within the poem, through and as multiple citations in multiple languages. The poem addresses itself to and declares itself for an international socialism, yet also holds itself open to a shibboleth-to-come. Shibboleth would be this exposed word, the breath-turn or Atemwende evoked in Celan’s Meridian, an in-eins (in-one) irreducible to identity.
Rules for Discernment
Authors: Raposa Michael L.
Published: May 2021

This chapter is organized around an examination of Ignatius of Loyola’s and Jonathan Edwards’s theological reflections concerning the “rules” or “signs” to which religious devotees ought to appeal in the discernment of spirits. Discernment is characterized here as a self-reflexive (but not self-absorbed) form of judgement directed to the goal of determining the religious significance of certain feelings, thoughts, and actions. Such judgements require a rich narrative context if they are to eventuate in success. Ignatius’s preoccupation with certain feelings is shown to be consistent with Edwards’s emphasis on Christian practice. A key argument developed in this chapter is that a description of particular feelings is of less significance for one who is engaged in discernment than an account of what one then proceeds to do with and about those feelings.
On Prayer and the Spirit of Pragmatism
Authors: Raposa Michael L.
Published: May 2021

This final chapter begins with an extended treatment of the concept of musement as Peirce developed it in his Neglected Argument. Musement is characterized here as both an experiment and a kind of spiritual exercise, as inquiry and as prayerful meditation. The chapter then moves to a consideration of the role that the body plays—through breathing, posture, and movement—as an instrument for controlling and directing attention. Following Simone Weil’s lead, attention is identified as the essence of prayer. It is by acts of continuous rereading that life can be transformed into prayer. The final section of the chapter is devoted to a consideration of how any theology as theosemiotic is best conceived as a theology both of liberation and of the spiritual life.
Gradivan Footsteps in the Film Archive
Authors: Yue Genevieve
Published: May 2021

In Jacques Derrida’s Archive Fever (1995), the motif of the missing woman appears in the guise of Gradiva, a character from William Jensen’s novella (1903) of the same name. At once a ghostly image and a presence evoked by a few material traces, Gradiva motivates the construction of the archive and, for Derrida, its eventual destruction. Yet in omitting a key part of Jensen’s text, namely the flesh-and-blood woman Zoë, Derrida consigns the archive to a space of haunting. This Gradivan logic, where the body of the living woman is excluded from her chimerical image, adheres in several films that are pointedly about the film archive. Bill Morrison’s The Film of
Her (1996) reproduces the melancholic terms of Derrida’s Gradivan theory, while Cheryl Dunye’s The Watermelon Woman (1996) and Radha May’s When the Towel Drops, Volume 1, Italy (2015) offer feminist critiques of the gendered materiality on which it is predicated.
Literature for Minors
Authors: Kidd Kenneth B.
Published: May 2021

Chapter 3 entertains the idea that children’s literature might also be called a literature for minors, and even a minor literature as conceptualized by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari. Children are legally minors, but adults can be minors too, culturally if not also legally. Such an understanding of children’s literature broadens our sense of its purpose. The chapter begins with Walter Benjamin’s attention to childhood and children’s forms as a baseline for critical thinking about “minors.” It then traces the reception history of Lewis Carroll’s Alice, the Anglophone children’s classic that most closely approaches recognition as theory. Finally, the chapter explores the idea that some children’s literature functions as queer theory for kids, discussing a wide range of texts including A Series of Unfortunate Events. The chapter concludes with a reading of Alison Bechdel’s memoir Are You My Mother?, seemingly for adults but preoccupied with queer childhood.
Reclaiming the Sinsinawa Dominicans’ Legacy of Catholic Progressive Education
Authors: Skerrett Ellen , Welsh Janet
Published: May 2021

Contrary to widely held conceptions of Catholic schooling as “parochial,” in the 1890s the Dominican Sisters based in Sinsinawa, Wisconsin, created and implemented progressive ideas of education in their grammar schools and academies in the United States. By the 1930s their curriculum in Corpus Christi School in New York City received national recognition. Sr. Joan Smith, OP, and Sister Mary Nona McGreal, OP, expanded the Dominicans’ child-centered philosophy in their curriculum for Guiding Growth in Christian Social Living, a pioneering project of the Catholic University’s Commission on American Citizenship. The Dominicans’ educational ideas, regarded as “a milestone in U.S. Catholic education,” influenced hundreds of thousands of school children who came of age before Vatican II.
Jezebel Assemblages: Witchcraft, Queerness, Transnationality
Authors: O’Donnell S. Jonathon
Published: May 2021

This chapter explores demonologies of one the most ubiquitous demonic spirits in spiritual warfare literature: the Jezebel spirit. It argues that the figure of Jezebel comes to unify anxieties over the breakdown of “proper” relations between personal and national bodies, conjuring transnational, affective assemblages of religious and political forms that threaten the integrity and reproducibility of a white, cisheteropatriarchal America. It outlines the role of the Jezebel spirit as a gendered nexus uniting evangelical discourses of anti-feminism, anti-abortion, queer- and transphobia, antiblackness, and xenophobia that is enfleshed in “willful” (queer, racialized) subjects. Exploring the image of Jezebel’s witchcraft and her queer partnership with Babylon as symbolizing queer transnational and transcultural bonds “forged” between porous and nomadic non-sovereign bodies, the chapter ultimately frames Jezebel as embodying anxieties over process and flow that unsettle singular concepts of (white, settler) “sovereign man” on which sovereignty is grounded.
The Islamic Antichrist: An Eschatology of Blowback
Authors: O’Donnell S. Jonathon
Published: May 2021

This chapter interrogates apocalyptic depictions of Islam in spiritual warfare that have grown during the War on Terror, focusing on the Islamic Antichrist as both an individual figure and a corporate framing of “Islam” broadly. It contends that the chimerical figure of “Islam” comes to represent an inverted mirror of America’s messianic imperialism, both reflecting its attributes and resulting from its actions. It charts these demonologies’ underlying structures of Islamophobia and antiblackness, as granting religious justification to domestic and transnational structures of imperial extraction, carceral violence, and militarization. Deconstructing demonologies of taqiyya and political blowback, it reveals the Islamic Antichrist as a spirit of colonial mimicry and anticolonial and antiracist violence, which threatens the ontotheological structures of white Christian nationalism by articulating a demand for both reckoning and reparation.
Lala Har Dayal’s Imagination
Authors: Elam J. Daniel
Published: May 2021

This chapter analyses the late work of Lala Har Dayal, the leader of the California-based Punjabi revolutionary Ghadr Party. The chapter draws on Har Dayal’s 1934 Hints for Self Culture to theorize an “imagination” of history that upturns the alleged linear teleology of anticolonial activism.
Introduction
Authors: Williams Gareth
Published: May 2021

Building on the thought of Alain Badiou, Hannah Arendt, Jacques Lacan, and Alberto Moreiras, the Introduction proposes globalization as the disastrous passing of a historical limit. Faith in the relations between the modern production of wealth in the form of commodity fetishism, capitalist development, human progress, the freedom of the subject, and the philosophy of history that has anchored all of them since the Enlightenment is succumbing before a generalized sense of expiration and of growing stupefaction. The Introduction presents recent debates on the notion of infrapolitics as a thinking dedicated to the question of clearing a way through the problem of globalization, in the name of existence. The Introduction explains the question of the historical limit, the terms of the debate on infrapolitics, the structure of the ensuing Passages, and the raison d’etre of the entire book.
Critique of Journalistic Reason
Authors: Vandeputte Tom
Published: May 2021

This book examines an encounter recurring throughout the modern philosophical tradition: that between philosophy and journalism. It focuses on the images of reporters and newspaper readers, messengers and town criers, and announcements and rumors punctuating the work of three thinkers who understood themselves to be writing at the limits of this tradition: Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Benjamin. As this book argues, the preoccupation with journalism of these three thinkers cannot be separated from their philosophy “proper” but plays a pivotal role in their philosophical work, where it marks the nexus between their theories of history, time, and language. Journalism, for Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Benjamin alike, figures before anything else as a cipher of the time in which they understood themselves to be writing. If the journalist and newspaper reader characterize what Kierkegaard calls “the present age,” it does so by marking it as a present marked by the crisis of the philosophy of history. But journalism does not simply mark the end of history as a philosophizable concept; for Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Benjamin, journalism takes on an exemplary role in the attempt to think time and history in the wake of this demise. As this book shows, the concepts around which these attempts crystallize—Kierkegaard’s “instant” (Øieblik), Nietzsche’s “untimeliness” (das Unzeitgemäße), Benjamin’s “actuality” (Aktualität)—all emerge from the philosophical confrontation with journalism and its characteristic temporalities.
Introduction (2020)
Authors: Caputo John D.
Published: May 2021

I made him an offer he couldn't refuse.

I asked him to come to Villanova University, an institution run by les Catholiques—which is, he told me, how the Jews of colonial Algeria referred to the powers that be when he was growing up—to celebrate the launch of our new doctoral program in philosophy in the fall of 1994. Villanova University, I said, is not just Catholic; it is conducted by the Order of St. Augustine—the very same, the one he called his “compatriot,” upon whose ...
Community Without Community
Authors: Derrida Jacques
Published: May 2021

This chapter investigates how postmodern difference, the difference that interests Jacques Derrida, is deeply multi-cultural, multi-lingual, and multi-racial. It represents what can be called a highly miscegenated “polymorphism.” Derrida does not dismiss the idea of unity and identity out of hand, for “pure” diversity would spell death no less surely than would a “pure” totalitarian unity. But he advocates highly heterogenous, porous, self-differentiating quasi-identities, unstable identities that are not identical with themselves, that do not close over and form a seamless web of the selfsame. What Derrida advocates, in a nutshell, is “democracy.” That is why he is troubled by the word “community.” What he does not like about the word “community” is its connotations of “fusion” and “identification.” The self-protective closure of “community” would be just about the opposite of what deconstruction is.
Justice, If Such a Thing Exists
Authors: Derrida Jacques
Published: May 2021

This chapter addresses the question of “deconstruction and the possibility of justice.” According to Jacques Derrida, not only does deconstruction have some sort of relation to the possibility of justice, some right to speak of justice, he asserts that deconstruction is justice. Deconstruction is a discourse on, indeed a discourse of justice. That startling claim turns to the distinction Derrida makes between justice and the law. By the “law” Derrida means the positive structures that make up judicial systems of one sort or another, that in virtue of which actions are said to be legal, legitimate, or properly authorized. The law, he says, is deconstructible and this is because the law is constructed in the first place. Deconstructibility is the condition of legal process, a self-revising and self-correcting ensemble of norms that distils the knowledge of the generations.
The Hill of Love Is Different From the Hill of Marriage: Re-Reading Mariama Ba’s Scarlet Song
Authors: Dick Angela Ngozi
Published: May 2021

The task of this paper is to discover the wisdom behind this Wolof proverb: “When one abandons one’s own hill, the next hill which one climbs will crumble”. This paper has shown that the hill is the environment, race, cultural precepts, maternal bond, and values of the characters themselves that inhibit intercultural marriage. The theoretical framework used in this article is mainly deconstructionist theory, nonetheless eclectic approach is accommodated because of the interpretation of the concept hill. The interpretations of what constitutes a hill affected some characters negatively so that they did not achieve their goals fully. Other characters did not allow cultural pull and family ties to overwhelm them. Cultural precepts like the formidable power wielded by mother in-laws, maternal bond, mother’s culinary art, polygamy overwhelmed the protagonist to insanity. This paper recommends that mothers in-law should relax their maternal hold on their sons when they are married. The men who are not emotionally strong to withstand cultural pull should marry their own kinswomen.
Traveling with the Team
Authors: Ortiz Steven M.
Published: May 2021

This chapter focuses on the lived experience of the wives who travel with their husbands during the MLB season and the unwritten code of conduct that establishes the wives’ subordinate status by ensuring their social invisibility. It describes how the players, sport organizations, and the wives themselves use code work to construct, apply, and reinforce the code, and how couples who question the code—called code busters—can reap negative consequences even when the husband enjoys high-level team status. It discusses the importance of code enforcement as a means of maintaining the husband’s standing among teammates, establishing the expectation that teammates will cover up each other’s sexual activities, including the extramarital relationships of married players. Finally, it explores how traveling wives, who are also expected to keep the men’s secrets, become aware of an implicit competition for their husband’s loyalty.
Basketball’s Civil War
Authors: Kemper Kurt Edward
Published: May 2021

This chapter examines the internecine struggles over the rules and organization of early basketball between the Amateur Athletic Union, the Young Men’s Christian Association, the National Collegiate Athletic Association, and the National Association of Basketball Coaches. What resulted was a ruthless civil war between factions attempting to exclude or delegitimize opponents, ultimately drawing in as potential allies high school athletic associations, officiating organizations, and international sanctioning bodies. The chapter also examines how earlier organizational reform efforts resulting from college football shaped how the NCAA and the NABC approached college basketball, first demonstrating the power and influence of commercialized college athletics. The civil war emerged not just from organizational rivalries and their competing efforts to define amateurism but also from differences in specific rules and styles of play. These components of the game, however, were often little more than stalking horses for regional chauvinism against urban areas and religious bigotry against Catholics and Jews that was common in American life during the disorienting 1920s and 1930s. The civil war culminated with the selection process for the 1936 Olympic basketball roster, convincing the collegians that they could not coexist with the AAU and the YMCA.
Defending the Kingdom
Authors: Kemper Kurt Edward
Published: May 2021

This chapter examines the NCAA’s response to its liberal arts reformist critics, its small state school competitive equity critics, and racial activists allied with HBCs. Beginning in 1955 as a result of the Crowley Committee findings, the NCAA expanded its governance structure to include the small liberal arts committee in both its leadership positions and its service committees but without attempting to restrain commercialized college athletics. It also voted to create a separate basketball tournament for its smaller-enrollment members, giving them championship access in a separate event rather than expanding their existing tournament. Creating a separate College Division also had two other benefits in that shunting the HBCs into the College Division placated the big-time segregationist Southern state schools because it precluded their ever having to play neighboring HBCs. It also created a parallel event to the NAIA’s tournament and helped stanch the membership loss of NCAA schools simply wanting access to the NAIA event. The creation of the College Division Tournament was the first step in the NCAA’s campaign to confront and marginalize the NAIA once and for all, isolating it from other athletic-related associations, intimidating schools and other organizations from working with the NAIA, and undermining NAIA events by flooding NAIA media markets with NCAA televised offerings.
Conclusion
Authors: Kemper Kurt Edward
Published: May 2021

Throughout much of the NCAA’s first half century, the organization maintained an uneasy collection of commercialized schools that pursued highly competitive athletics for publicity and profit; liberal arts colleges that saw college athletics as a component of their educational and leadership missions; and smaller and medium-size state schools that wanted to play athletics for competitive glory but lacked the size, resources, and finances of the big-time powers. Unable to balance those three interests, the NCAA largely ignored the concerns of the latter two while devoting itself to the service of commercialized athletics. This fraught arrangement finally came asunder in the years after World War II when multiple pressures from scandals, racial criticisms, and growing pressure for access to the NCAA Basketball Tournament finally forced concessions. The concessions made in the mid- to late-1950s, however, did not reshape the balance of power in the NCAA, as the organization remained wholly committed to serving the interests of big-time commercialized athletics. In this regard the challenges faced by the NCAA mirrored the larger social and cultural upheaval in the United States following World War II. The civil rights movement, second-wave feminism, and opposition to the war in Vietnam all challenged the authority of existing political and economic elites yet did not mark any fundamental shift in power in American life. The question, then, is not really how did the NCAA manage to survive but, rather, how did its critics ever hope to succeed?
Houses in Flames
Authors: Henig David
Published: May 2021

This chapter takes the house as a prism to shed light on the transformation of the intimate topographies of belonging, care, and the material world in rural Bosnia and Herzegovina resulting from the “postsocialist” and “postwar” junctures. Ethnographically and historically grounded, this chapter shows how for village Muslims the house is first and foremost a container of hi/stories, trails of past lives, materialization of care across generations, materials of religious experience, and bundles of relations and exchanges that are enacted with and through them. These elements of intimate relations and belonging constitute the ground of one’s life. Yet this is a ground that is nowadays profoundly shifting for many villagers. In the postsocialist, postwar years, many families have been driven away from their houses due to ongoing economic marginalization, long-term unemployment, and heavy indebtedness. The story of the house in rural Bosnia and Herzegovina thus bears witness to the scale and pervasiveness of the push factors, and corrosive effects of the neoliberal restructuring on rural communities in the world today.