bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How group members appraise collective history: Appraisal dimensions of collective history and their role in in-group engagement
Authors: Makanju Damilola , Livingstone Andrew G , Sweetman Joseph
Published: March 2021

Group members’ appraisals of their in-group’s collective history have been found to shape their engagement with the in-group, in terms of identification and willingness to work towards group goals. However, previous research has not examined the complexity and dimensionality of how collective history is appraised by group members, or how different forms of appraisals relate to different forms of in-group engagement. Our paper addresses this shortcoming by (1) outlining four key dimensions – richness, clarity, valence and subjective importance – of how an in-group’s collective history can be appraised, and (2) examining how these appraisal dimensions relate to group members’ engagement with the in-group. Focussing on the African in-group category, we tested these ideas using a qualitative – essay writing – approach. Analysis of responses (N = 33) indicated varied use of each of these dimensions of collective history appraisal, and that they relate to in-group engagement in differing ways. Two specific rhetorical strategies were identified: deploying the in-group’s history as a contrast; and deploying the in-group’s history as an inspiration. When collective history was appraised as rich, complex, negatively-valenced and unimportant, it was characterised as something from which the in-group should break away (i.e., history-as-contrast). Conversely, when collective history was appraised as rich, complex, positively-valenced and important, history was characterised as something to be used as a resource for the in-group (i.e., history-as-inspiration). Our findings build a fuller and more nuanced picture of how collective history shapes in-group engagement in a non-western setting.
The distorting effects of deciding to stop sampling information
Authors: Coenen Anna , Gureckis Todd Matthew
Published: March 2021

This paper asks how strategies of information sampling are affected by a learner’s goal. Based on a theoretical analysis and two behavioral experiments, we show that learning goals have a crucial impact on the decision of when to stop sampling. This decision, in turn, affects the statistical properties (e.g. average values, or standard deviations) of the data collected under different goals. Specifically, we find that sampling with the goal of making a binary choice can introduce a correlation between the average value of a sample and its size (the number of values sampled). Across multiple rounds of sampling, this has the potential of biasing learn- ers’ inferences about the underlying process that generated the samples, specifically if learners ignore sample size when making these inferences. We find that people are indeed biased in this way and make different inferences about the same data-generating process when sampling with different learning goals. These findings highlight yet another danger of inferring general patterns from samples of evidence the learner had a hand in collecting.
Does depicting consequences of actions in narratives bolsters the formation of propositional beliefs? First results from an experimental approach
Authors: Bonneterre Solenne , Zerhouni Oulmann , Green James A
Published: March 2021

We explored (i) whether narratives can influence viewers’ attitudes towards alcohol through evaluative learning and (ii) compared predictions from dual-process and single-process models of evaluative learning.In study 1, participants had to read vignettes, while they were exposed to TV show excerpts in study 2. Both studies (nstudy1 = 147; nstudy2 = 150) followed a 2 (valence: positive vs negative) x 2 (drinking consequences: yes vs no) study design. Implicit associations and propositional beliefs were then measured by an Implicit Association Test (IAT) and a Relational Responding Task (RRT) respectively. A multilevel meta-regression was conducted to provide cumulative evidence for our hypotheses.Our first study did not yield robust significant results in the direction of associative or propositional processes. Conversely, the results of study 2 and meta-analytic findings showed stronger evidence for (i) an effect of exposure to narratives on alcohol-related attitudes and (ii) in favor of propositional models. Simply presenting a stimulus within a valenced content had no effect on the IAT or RRT. We conclude that these results are more in line with inferential propositional models of evaluative learning than with dual-process models.
Making Research Data Accessible
Authors: Kapiszewski Diana , Karcher Sebastian
Published: March 2021

This chapter argues that the benefits of data sharing will accrue more quickly, and will be more significant and more enduring, if researchers make their data “meaningfully accessible.” Data are meaningfully accessible when they can be interpreted and analyzed by scholars far beyond those who generated them. Making data meaningfully accessible requires that scholars take the appropriate steps to prepare their data for sharing, and avail themselves of the increasingly sophisticated infrastructure for publishing and preserving research data. The better other researchers can understand shared data and the more researchers who can access them, the more those data will be re-used for secondary analysis, producing knowledge. Likewise, the richer an understanding an instructor and her students can gain of the shared data being used to teach and learn a particular research method, the more useful those data are for that pedagogical purpose. And the more a scholar who is evaluating the work of another can learn about the evidence that underpins its claims and conclusions, the better their ability to identify problems and biases in data generation and analysis, and the better informed and thus stronger an endorsement of the work they can offer.
Reconstructing the Mother-Daughter Relationship: Lydia Davis and Amy Tan
Authors: Ewaidat Hala
Published: March 2021

With four waves of women’s liberation movements in the twentieth century, the relationship between mothers and daughters has come under increasing, frequent, intense, and passionate examination. Scholars East and West have examined this bond, giving it a universal appeal. Among the voices that have come to create speech and meaning to this relationship are. Fouad (1964), the Egyptian writer, in her book Ila Ibnaty (To My Daughter) and Rich’s 1976 classic feminist work, Of Women Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution. Concerning their definitions, this paper discusses the oppositional forms of the mother-daughter relationship in Amy Tan’s Two Kinds and Lydia Davis’ The Mother. In both short stories, Tan, with her Chinese traditions and American education, and Davis, whose background includes no ethnic derivations, explore the breakdown in communication in this problematic bond, aiming at reconstructing this richly influential relationship.
Academic achievement gaps by migration background at school starting age in Ireland
Authors: Sprong Stefanie L. , Skopek Jan
Published: March 2021

In today’s increasingly diverse societies, a key question is how to foster the structural integration of immigrants and their descendants. While research indicates that migrant educational underachievement is a serious issue, relatively little is known about achievement gaps at younger ages and in relatively new immigration countries. The current study sets out to estimate the size of disparities by migration background at age five (i.e., when they start school) and explores the causes of these gaps. It does so in a context that offers a compelling but under-researched case: the Republic of Ireland. It draws on the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) data, a national longitudinal study of children in Ireland. The results suggest that some disparities by migration background already existed at the start of primary school, but also that gaps were limited to verbal skills and differed widely across groups. Moreover, social background only played a relatively minor role in explaining the differences, whereas the child’s first language was a powerful predictor of disadvantages by migration background in verbal skills.
Chromatic-Luminance and True-Texture Analysis for Image Mining in the Social Sciences
Authors: Lucas Benjamin , Kozary Ben
Published: March 2021

This research note highlights the use of raw HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) colorspace representation (capturing chromatic-luminance), and true-texture (matrix-based) representation of images for image mining applications in the social sciences. Specifically: we focus on the basics of teaching computers to ‘think like people’ in making decisions about what visual content is most interesting or important to human viewers. Our examples capture the facts that, (a) computers see ‘colors as numbers’, rather than as meaningful sections of an image, and (b) computers see texture as ‘numbers’, rather than as meaningful ‘hard’ or ‘soft’ sections of an image. Illustrations are provided using the R packages ‘colorfindr’, ‘glcm’, ‘imager’ and ‘plotly’.
The excuses tourists use to justify environmentally unfriendly behaviours
Authors: Juvan Emil , Dolnicar Sara
Published: March 2021

Tourists want to keep their environmental impact as low as possible (Firth and Hing, 1999; Miller, 2003; McKercher, Prideaux, Cheung and Law, 2010; Mair, 2011), and have many different opportunities to do so. Some behaviours reduce negative environmental impacts directly, for example: taking vacations closer to home to keep transportation related greenhouse emissions to a minimum. Other behaviours compensate for negative environmental impacts of their vacation, for example: purchasing carbon offsets for a flight. Despite their best intentions, however, people do not behave as environmentally friendly on vacation as they do at home (Dolnicar and Grün, 2009): 46% of consumers intend to purchase carbon offsets, but only 6% (Mair, 2011) or 7% (Dawson, Stewart, Lemelin and Scott’s, 2010) actually do purchase them. Intention-behaviour gaps range from 12% (Sloan and Adamsen, 2011), 22% (Juvan and Dolnicar, 2016), and 46% (Karlsson and Dolnicar, 2016) to as much as 76% (McKercher and Prideaux, 2011). How do tourists reconcile the misalignment of their pro-environmental beliefs with their not so environmentally friendly behaviour on vacation?
Insanity and Murder in Robert Browning’ and Robert Lowell’s Dramatic Monologues
Authors: Sulaiman Maha Qahtan
Published: March 2021

The study aims at fathoming Robert Browning’ and Robert Lowell’s intentions of choosing the dramatic monologue as a means of exploring human psyche. Significantly, the themes of insanity and murder are not ideal from an esthetic perspective, but for Browning and Lowell it provides the key to probe into human character and fundamental motives. This study examines Browning’ and Lowell’s dramatic monologues that address crime and the psyche of abnormal men. Browning’ and Lowell’s poetry in this regard unravels complicated human motivations and delineates morbid psychologies. Their monologues probe deep down into the mind-sets of their characters and dissect their souls to the readers. The main character of each of Browning’s dramatic monologues, My Last Duchess and Porphyria’s Lover; discloses his true self, mental health, and moral values through his monologue in a critical situation. Ironically, each monologue invites the reader to detect the disparity between what the character believes the story to be and the reality of the situation detected through the poem. In Lowell’s The Mills of the Kavanaughs, the monologue is delivered by the victim herself. Yet, the fact that the poem reflects Lowell’s individual experience and trauma indicates that the monologue is delivered by the poet-victimizer as well.
"It's a small bit of advice, but actually on the day, made such a difference...": perceptions of quality in abortion care in England and Wales
Authors: Whitehouse Katherine , Blaylock Rebecca , Makleff Shelly , Lohr Patricia
Published: March 2021

Background: Quality of care (QOC) is increasingly identified as an important contributor to healthcare outcomes, however little agreement exists on what constitutes quality in abortion care or the recommended indicators from the service-user perspective. Our study aimed to explore perceptions and experiences of abortion QOC in England and Wales.Methods: We performed in-depth interviews (via phone or in-person) with participants who had an abortion at a nationwide independent sector provider in the previous 6 months. We explored their experiences of the abortion service at each point in the care pathway, their perspectives on what contributed to and detracted from the experience meeting their definitions of quality, and their reflections on different aspects of QOC. We used content analysis to generate themes. Results: From December 2018 to July 2019, we conducted 24 interviews. Ten participants had a surgical and 14 had a medical abortion. Seventeen (71%) were treated in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy and 7 (29%) beyond that, with an average gestational age of 10 weeks + 5 days (range 5-23 + 6). We identified 4 major themes that contributed to participant’s perception of high quality care: 1) interpersonal interactions with staff or other patients, 2) being informed and prepared, 3) participation and choices in care and 4) accessibility. Nearly all participants identified interpersonal interactions with staff as an important contributor to quality with positive interactions often cited as the best part of their abortion experience and negative interactions as the worst. For information and preparation, participant described not only the importance of being well prepared, but how incongruencies between information and the actual experience detracted from quality. Participants said that making choices about their care, for example, method of abortion, was a positive contributor. Finally, participants identified access to care, specifically in relation to waiting times and travel, as an important aspect of QOC. Conclusions: Participants situated quality in abortion care in 4 domains: interpersonal aspects of care, information and preparation, choices, and accessibility. Indicators identified can be used to develop standard metrics to ensure care meets service-user needs.
Developing Language Skills and Building Characters through Literature
Authors: Mu’in Fatchul
Published: March 2021

Literature is a creative and imaginative work; it records human lives or experiences using a language as its medium. Literary works as a medium rather than a goal or an end in the language instruction will be revealed. There are four language skills to be developed in the process of language instruction. These four language skills are: listening, speaking, and reading as well as writing. This paper will elaborate the aspects: (a) some reasons and strategies for a language educator to utilize the literary works in language learning and teaching, (b) benefits of the various genres of literary works towards the language teaching, (c) using literary works in the teaching of reading and writing, (d) using literary works in teaching listening and speaking, (e) advantages of learning the literary works in nation character building, and (f) suggested activities of the literary work-based teaching language skills for character building.
Optimization of Sea Defense Strategy Through Operation of the Hospital Auxiliary Vessel to Support National Defense
Authors: Widiarto Setyawan , Sudibyo  , Prakoso Lukman Yudho , Suhirwan  , Suhardono Edi , Warka I Wayan , D.A.R Deni
Published: March 2021

The dynamics of the strategic environment at the global, regional and national levels give rise to various types of threats, both military and non-military threats, encouraging to optimize the Indonesian Sea Defense Strategy (SDS) which has the characteristics of an archipelagic country. In accordance with peaceful conditions, the optimization of SDS is more appropriate if it is directed at the military operations other than war, which in this study focuses on the operation of Hospital Auxiliary Vessel (HAV). There were problems related to the ineffective HAV operation, because it was used for material transportation and border operations. Its operation doesn’t provide public health services in isolated, frontier and outermost areas. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain the implementation and to formulate strategies to optimize SDS through the operation of HAV in order to support national defense. The research used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The data were obtained from interviews at the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Health and Indonesian Navy Headquarters. The results of the studied that SDS through the operation of HAV was implemented quite well, but the operating time often exceeded the initial plan due to the limited number of HAV and their crew. The conclusion from this research is necessary for optimization of SDS which is emphasized on the Sea Control Strategy in accordance with the strategy development on the ends, ways and means components.
The Challenge of Training Translators and Interpreters in the Social Context of Foreign Unaccompanied Minors
Authors: Hussein Hanan Saleh
Published: March 2021

There are many challenges facing teachers in the classroom, throughout the process of training translators and interpreters in higher education. This paper aims to share reflections and teaching practices related to the preparation of these future professionals, in the context of caring for a vulnerable group of the immigrant community, Unaccompanied Foreign Minors (UFM). The proposal is based on taking a step further in the Teaching Practice and Development (TPD) methodology of Specialized Translation and Bilateral Interpreting subjects by incorporating new knowledge such as that related to Public Management or Social Sciences. This is due to the firm belief of the author of this manuscript in the quality of training from a multidisciplinary approach that will undoubtedly bring many more benefits, not only to the students, but also to UFM as a sensitive group, to the Administration as a competent body and, also, to the host society.This proposal arises from a simple question: Are future translators and interpreters prepared to manage their work in a vulnerable context? To answer this question, it is necessary to analyze the practical knowledge acquired by these professionals in the preparation phase. Thus, the main objective of this work is to demonstrate that the use of real texts in the Translation and Interpreting classroom is a bet that leads to an excellent academic training. Furthermore, this multidisciplinary work will serve as a model to be followed by teachers in this field.
Baby Bust: Falling Fertility in US Counties Is Associated with COVID-19 Prevalence and Mobility Reductions
Authors: Cohen Philip N.
Published: March 2021

The United States experienced a 3.8 percent decline in births for 2020 compared with 2019, but the rate of decline was much faster at the end of the year (8 percent in December), suggesting dramatic early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which began affecting social life in late March 2020. Using birth data from Florida and Ohio counties through February 2021, this analysis examines whether and how much falling birth rates were associated with local pandemic conditions, specifically infection rates and reductions in geographic mobility. Results show that the vast majority of counties experienced declining births, suggestive of a general influence of the pandemic, but also that declines were steeper in places with greater prevalence of COVID-19 infections and more extensive reductions in mobility. The latter result is consistent with more direct influences of the pandemic on family planning or sexual behavior. The idea that social isolation would cause an increase in subsequent births receives no support.
Exploring experiences and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young racially minoritised people in the United Kingdom: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Burgess Rochelle Ann , Kanu Nancy , Matthews Tanya , Mukotekwa Owen , Smith-Gul Amina , Yusuf Intisar , Lamptey Isabella , Macauley Nyisha , Wilson Renae , Pirisola Michael , Gul Malik
Published: March 2021

Within high-income-countries, the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted people from racially minoritised backgrounds. There has been significant research interrogating the disparate impact of the virus, and recently, interest in the long-term implications of the global crisis on young people’s mental health and wellbeing. However, less work explores the experiences of young people from racialised backgrounds as they navigate the pandemic, and the specific consequences this has for their mental health. Forty young people (age 16-25) from black, mixed and other minority backgrounds and living in London, participated in consecutive focus group discussions over a two-month period, to explore the impact of the pandemic on their lives and emotional wellbeing. Thematic analysis identified seven categories describing the impact of the pandemic, indicating: deepening of existing socioeconomic and emotional challenges; efforts to navigate racism and difference within the response; and survival strategies drawing on communal and individual resources. Young people also articulated visions for a future public health response which addressed gaps in current strategies. Findings point to the need to contextualize public health responses to the pandemic in line with the lived experiences of racialised young people. We specifically note the importance of long-term culturally and socio-politically relevant support interventions. Implications for policy and practice are discussed
The Integration of Computer-Aided Translation Tools in Translator-Training Programs in Saudi Universities: Toward a More Visible State
Authors: Al-Rumaih A.
Published: March 2021

The paper aims to investigate the current state of Computer-Aided Translation (CAT) tools integration into the translator-training programs of some universities in Saudi Arabia, which are King Saud University (KSU), Princess Nourah University (PNU), Imam Mohammed Ibin Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Prince Sultan University (PSU), and Saudi Electronic University (SEU). The investigation touched upon the sufficiency of this integration and the usability of these tools by the translation students and graduates of these universities in different translation courses and tasks, which contributes to enriching the field of translation technology, due to the scarcity of such studies in the investigated region. The study used a mixed-methods approach to enhance the validity of the data. The results showed that CAT tools have not been integrated effectively yet into the translator-training programs of the universities under study, as not all of them provide CAT courses. While the universities that do, lack some elements which can help to promote the integration of these tools into the programs. As for the usage of these tools, the findings revealed that a significant percentage of the participants do not use CAT tools in their translation tasks, and more than half of them do not use CAT tools in other translation courses. These findings suggest more integration of CAT tools in the universities’ translator-training programs to enhance their outcomes and increase their graduates’ opportunities in the job market.
Betaxolol, Brimonidin and Carteolol in the Therapy of Normal-Tension Glaucoma
Authors: Lešták Ján , Fůs Martin , Weissová Iveta , Marešová Klára
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate influence of betaxolol, brimonidine and carteolol in the progression of the visual field defects during time at patients with normotensive glaucoma (NTG). Materials and methods: This study included (60 eyes of) 30 patients with NTG. First group consisted of 20 eyes of 10 patients of the average age of 58.5 years, who were treated by betaxolol. Second group also consisted of 20 eyes of 10 patients of the average age of 62.6 years and they were treated by brimonidine. Third group had the same count of the eyes and patients, the average age was 61.1 years and these patients were treated by carteolol. Diagnose of NTG was based on the comprehensive ophthalmological examination including electroretinography and visual evoked potentials. Visual fields were examined by fast threshold glaucoma test using Medmont M700 device. We compared pattern defect (PD) in the visual field for 3 years. The including criteria were: similar visual field findings at the beginning of the study, stable eye therapy (treatment was not changed during the study), uncorrected or best corrected (up to +-3 D) visual acuity of 1,0 of ETDRS, intraocular pressure between 10-15 mm Hg, if present, then compensated cardiovascular disease, no other internal or neurological disorders. Results: We didn’t notice any statistically important difference of PD. The study revealed that brimonidin (p=0,99) and betaxolol (p = 0,81) had the best effect. Conclusion: Local therapy of betaxolol, brimonidine and carteolol has an essential clinical value in normotensive glaucoma. All the mentioned treatments had a protective effect on the visual field. However, local side-effects of brimonidinu are a question.
Changes of the Foveal Avascular Zone and Macular Microvasculature within the Framework of OCT Angiography Examination in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes (Pilot Study)
Authors: Magera Lukáš , Krásný Jan , Pluhovský Patrik , Holubová Lucie
Published: March 2021

Aim: Learn about the development and changes in foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and vascularity of retina in the surrounding zone, depending on the duration in young diabetic patients type 1 (T1DM).

Methods: As part of regular one-year examinations of young T1DM patients at the Eye Clinic of the University Hospital Královské Vinohrady in Prague (Czech Republic, EU) from January to December 2019, OCT angiography using the device Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering) was included. Forty patients aged 18 to 30 years were examined, median 21 years. T1DM was diagnosed in childhood and lasted for more than 10 years. At the same time, a control group of forty individuals of similar age, without metabolic and other general disease was examined, normal visual acuity and physiological fundoscopic finding were obligatory. The FAZ size was evaluated in both groups (using built-in function "Draw Region"), also its shape, density decrease and change in character of vascularity of the retina was assessed.

Results: In the control group, the FAZ area ranged from 0.06 to 0.4 mm², with an average of 0.253 ± 0.092 mm² and a median of 0.27 mm². It was not affected by a fundamental change in its round shape and the surrounding capillary netting was regular and reasonably dense. In T1DM patients, the FAZ area was in a wider range, from 0.05 to 0.64 mm², an average of 0.300 ± 0.132 mm², and a median of 0.31 mm². The difference in FAZ across-the-board evaluation was statistically significant (p = 0, 009). Diabetic preretinopathy (DpR) was defined by the irregularity of the capillary density up to the manifestation of non-perfusion, in 61% of cases the size of the FAZ was changed. In diabetic retinopathy (DR) there was always an irregularity of the FAZ shape with its enlargement, manifestation of non-perfusion, capillary dilatation and rare microaneurysms.

Conclusion: Changes in FAZ size corresponded to the stage of T1DM on the fundoscopic finding of the eye depending on its duration. The initial increased amount of foveal capillaries, which resulted in decreased FAZ area, was followed by a gradual decrease in capillaries and increased FAZ area, consistent with the manifestations of DpR. It was accompanied by a change in capillary density in macula to eventual non-perfusion. On the contrary, the increase in the FAZ area and its irregularity accompanied by non-perfusion of the capillary net and microaneurysms corresponded to the development of DR already.
OCT Angiography and Doppler Sonography in Normal-Tension Glaucoma
Authors: Lešták Ján , Fůs Martin , Benda Antonín , Marešová Klára
Published: March 2021

Aims: To investigate the dependence of blood vessel density and velocity in ophthalmic artery and arteria centralis retinae of the same eye in patients with normotensive glaucoma.

Methods: The sample consisted of 20 patients with normotensive glaucoma (NTG). There were 17 women (mean age 56.1) and 3 men (mean age 60 years). Inclusion criteria for study: visual acuity 1.0 with correction up to ±3 dioptres, approximately equal changes in the visual field, whereby it was incipient NTG and diagnosis was confirmed by electrophysiological examination, without further ocular or neurological disease. Parameters of vessel density (VD) were evaluated by Avanti RTVue XR (Optovue). Perfusion parameters such as peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) were evaluated for ophthalmic artery (AO) and arteria centralis retinae (ACR) using Doppler sonography (Affinity 70G Philips, probe 5–12 MHz). Visual field (VF) was evaluated by automated perimeter (Medmont M700) using fast threshold glaucoma strategy test. The sum of sensitivity levels in apostilb (asb) were evaluated in range 0–22 degrees of visual field. Resulting values of VF were compared with VD and perfusion parameters in AO and ACR at the same eye.

Results: Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the dependence. Data shows, that changes in visual fields are mainly caused by peripapillary VD of small and all vessels, and vessels throughout measured image area also. Correlation of small vessels throughout measured image area was weak (r = 0.23). Moderate negative correlation was found for PSV in AO and peripapillary small VD (r = -0.46), all peripapillary VD (r = -0.49), VD in whole area (r = -0.45), then between EDV in AO and VD in whole area (r = -0.42). Other correlations between VD and perfusion parameter were insignificant.

Conclusions: Study confirms, that changes of visual field in NTG patients are mainly caused by VD rather than perfusion parameters, especially in AO. Perfusion parameters in ACR are not significantly correlated with changes of VF in NTG patients.
Whither Wintego: Environmental Impact Assessment and Indigenous Opposition in Saskatchewan’s Churchill River Hydropower Project in the 1970s
Authors: Macfarlane Daniel , Olive Andrea
Published: March 2021

This article details Saskatchewan’s first environmental impact assessment, which took place in the 1970s over a proposed dam on the Churchill River at the Wintego Rapids. The Wintego Dam, which would have been the largest hydroelectric dam in the province at the time, was controversial because of the environmental repercussions and impacts on the local Indigenous communities, particularly the Peter Ballantyne Cree Nation. We show that the Blakeney ndp government did not initially intend to create a robust environmental impact assessment, and then explain how and why such an assessment was ultimately undertaken. Using archival material that was previously unavailable, the article recounts the governmental study, the Indigenous-led studies (after they rejected the governmental process), and the final Board of Inquiry report. The Wintego saga should be understood within the context of a growing resistance to northern development projects whose benefits accrued mostly to the southern white population. Ultimately, the Blakeney government decided not to build Wintego because of the economic, environmental, and social impacts, as well as concerns about unsettled treaty claims. This could be considered the first attempt – even before the Berger Inquiry – by a provincial government to fully assess the impacts of a natural resource project before final approval, and it was the earliest incorporation of Indigenous-led studies into the assessment process.
Taraftar Motivasyon Faktörlerinin Psikolojik Bağlılık, Kulüp Ürünlerini Satın Alma ve Medya Yoluyla Kulübü Takip Etme Üzerindeki Etkileri: Yerel ve Ulusal Futbol Kulüpleri Düzeyinde Karşılaştırmalı Bir Araştırma
Authors: DOĞRU Yusuf Bahadır , SAYIMER İdil , ÇETİN Cem , KOÇ Fatih
Published: March 2021

Günümüzde futbol taraftarlığı, birçok faktörün etkili olduğu toplumsal bir olgudur. Çeşitli ülkelerdeki taraftarlık tutumlarına bakıldığında genellikle bireylerin, yaşadığı şehirdeki futbol takımlarını desteklediği görülmektedir. Fakat Türkiye'de taraftarlık anlayışı, diğer ülkelerdeki taraftarlık anlayışından farklı olarak büyük ölçüde ulusal düzeydeki üç İstanbul kulübünü (Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe, Galatasaray) destekleme yönünde gelişmiştir. Ancak, Türkiye’de birçok şehirde, şehrin yerel takımı ciddi oranda destek bulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yerel kulüp taraftarları ve ulusal takımları destekleyen taraftarların motivasyon faktörleri, psikolojik bağlılıkları, kulüp ürünlerini satın alma ve medya yoluyla kulübü destekleme davranışları, karşılaştırılarak incelenmiştir. Bursa’da yaşayan 18 yaşın üstünde toplam 1074 taraftarla görüşülmüştür. Veriler yüz yüze anket yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, Bursaspor taraftarları için şehir ve takım kimliği faktörlerinin psikolojik bağlılık üzerinde daha fazla etkili olduğu tespit edilirken, diğer takımlar için takım kimliği, sosyal, kaçış ve başarı-güç faktörleri ön plana çıkmaktadır. Bunların yanı sıra, psikolojik bağlılığın kulüp ürünlerini satın alma ve medya yoluyla kulübü takip etme davranışlarını pozitif etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
THE DYNAMICS OF TURKISH IRANIAN RELATIONS IN THE XXI CENTURY
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Ivanova Inessa
Published: March 2021

Turkish Iranian relations in the period of Justice and Development Party passed several stages of development and these stages were influenced as by the cardinal factors of situation in the region as by direct interaction of two states in economic and political spheres. Among these factors we can note the events of the Arab Spring and also the situation in Syria. In general in the relations of two countries the strategy of balance among common aims and purposes of each of the parties mill be preserved that is where the interests are crossing the readiness for cooperation will be manifested.
ABOUT THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE «ETHNIC MIGRATION IN CENTRAL SIBERIA IN THE XX-XXI CENTURIES: EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS»
Authors:   Siberian federal university, Zamaraeva Yulia
Published: March 2021

In the city of Krasnoyarsk on November 26-28, 2020, the IV International Scientific and Practical Conference «Ethnic Migration in Central Siberia in the XX-XXI Centuries: Experience and Prospects» was held, in which more than 250 participants (together with Internet users) from different regions and foreign countries. Among the participants are representatives of the scientific and expert community, government bodies and national and cultural associations. During the discussions, the most acute issue was the need for the prompt adoption of laws in the field of socio-cultural adaptation and integration of foreign citizens of the Russian Federation.
CRITICAL TEXTS OF ART JOURNALS AS A TOOL FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF RELATIONSHIP OF THE VIEWER AND THE WORK OF FINE ARTS
Authors:   Siberian federal university, Smolina Maya , Sukorcheva Alexandra
Published: March 2021

The object of this scientific research is art criticism in art magazines, the subject is the text of art criticism as a tool for solving problems of the relationship between a work of art and the viewer. The aim is to study journal art criticism as a tool for solving problems of the relationship between a work of art and the viewer. The analysis of the concepts of "art criticism" and "critical texts about art" is given in order to understand the essential features of art criticism and the specifics of its texts. The conceptual basis for the study was the key provisions of the theory of reflection by G.V.F. Hegel, the basic principles of the synthetic theory of the ideal D.V. Pivovarov and the concept of ideal formation, the main provisions of the theory of fine art by V.I. Zhukovsky and N.P. Koptseva.
HOBBIT PLAYERS: DEVELOPMENT OF ROLE- PLAYING GAMES IN KRASNOYARSK REGION (1980-1990)
Authors:   Siberian federal university, Shurygina Arina
Published: March 2021

Local history as a kind of public history is gaining more and more popularity among researchers every year, because awareness of local historical experience is a tool for regional and personal self-identification, a way to define oneself, one’s uniqueness in the large multicultural world. Based on the study of the role-playing movement, it is possible to trace not only any peculiarities of the Krasnoyarsk cultural processes, but also to understand what influence the events of the “big” history had on the local history of the development of the role-playing movement in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in a specific cultural and historical period. The aim of the study is to reconstruct significant cultural events that contributed to the creation of the role movement, the influence of the socio-cultural environment on the role movement in the region, as well as to record the events characteristic of this subculture through the analysis of interviews with people participating in these events. The object of the study is the role-playing movement of Tolkienists in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, while the subject of the history (interviews) of informants who stood at the origins of the role-playing movement in the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the 1980s-90s. To conduct the study, the following tasks were set: conducting an interview with participants in the role movement as a subculture characteristic of the Soviet period in the history of the culture of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and interpreting the received empiric material and identifying the features and trends in the development of the role movement subculture.
“Greyish-brown little pony! How i loved you!”: About the gender filter of the making of a poetic bookshelf for children in the 19th century
Authors:   Leningrad State University named after Alexander Pushkin, Luchkina Olga
Published: March 2021

The article examines the experience of teachers and literary critics in the selection of poetic works and poets for the children’s reading list. Reviewers of the “Pedagogical Collection” evaluated books for students of military educational institutions, and the experts of “Women’s Education” focused on the reading of women’s school students. The paper describes and analyzes approaches to the creation of gender opposed bookshelves, the nature of the requirements for poems for girls-high-school students and boys-students of military schools. Department journals performed regulative and evaluative function of the expert community, which was focused on the educational ideas of the departments. The content of “book- shelves” is considered and analyzed: “classic” authors (G. R. Derzhavin, K. N. Batyushkov, P. A. Vyazemsky, V. A. Zhukovsky, I. I. Kozlov, A. V. Koltsov, M. Yu. Lermontov, M. V. Lomonosov, P. S. Maikov, I. S. Nikitin, N. A. Nekrasov, V. A. Ozerov, A. S. Pushkin, F. I. Tyutchev) , and collections of poems by children’s poets (N. Blinov, A. Kruglov, N. Pozdnyakov, M. Evstigneev, G. Weinberg, I. Derkachev, I. Panov). On the example of the authors reviewed in the 1860s-80s, it is observed how the expert community of teachers and literary critics participated in the formalization of gender differentiation. The article provides evidence for particular diachronic qualities of such selection of poets that have influenced the work of literary critics, publishers, and compilers of poetry readers.
Grading of Spot Welding Electrode Material Properties Using AHP
Authors: Bhanudas Bachchhav  , Abhishek Kumbhare  , Chinmay Hoonur  , Sharayu Kulkarni  , Jaydeo Kalankar
Published: March 2021

An objective of this research is to rank the essential property required for spot welding material selection. Total ten attributes namely Electrical conductivity, Thermal conductivity, Rockwell Hardness, Wear resistance, Density, Cost, Melting point, Percentage Elongation, Yield Strength and Ultimate Tensile Strength were considered for the purpose of selection of the electrode Material. In order to select appropriate spot welding electrode, authors have studied various Copper alloys having equally good properties. The selection of essential properties was done using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Experimental work have been carried out on Cu-Cr-Zr material using universal tensile and found that the strength and hardness increases with alloying element, however percentage elongation decreases by 50 % as compared to pure Cu. While performing AHP, the authors found that electrical conductivity, wear resistance, thermal conductivity and Rockwell hardness proved to be the most crucial parameters. Wear of electrode material also affects on current density and performance characteristics of spot welding process and makes it more expensive. The ranking of the property thus provide an input to apply various Multi-Attribution Decision Making (MADM) techniques for selection of the appropriate material for spot welding application. This work is recommended to spot welding electrode manufacturers as well as end users in order to prioritize the properties for selection of spot welding electrode with longer life and good weld quality.
Von sozialer Exklusivität und „sozialem Sprengstoff“ – Perspektiven von Lehr- und Leitungskräften auf Differenz und Ungleichheit in der Ausbildung von Erzieher_innen
Authors: Kuhn Melanie , Landhäußer Sandra
Published: March 2021

Angehende Erzieher_innen sollen an Fachschulen für Sozialpädagogik für einen professionellen Umgang mit Differenz in ihrer späteren Berufspraxis ausgebildet werden. Diese Professionalisierung an Fachschulen findet aber auch in institutionellen Kontexten statt, die selbst von gesellschaftlichen Differenz- und Ungleichheitsverhältnissen geprägt sind. Gezeigt wird in einer kontrastierenden Analyse zweier Expert_inneninterviews mit einer Lehr- und einer Leitungskraft von Fachschulen, dass die wahrgenommene soziale Positioniertheit der eigenen Schüler_innen präformiert, wie die breiten curricularen Vorgaben zur differenzbezogenen Professionalisierung konkretisiert werden und welche inhaltlichen Schwerpunkte die Schulen setzen.
Segregation in Early Childhood Education and Care in Germany: Insights on Regional Distribution Patterns Using National Educational Studies
Authors: Hogrebe Nina , Pomykaj Anna , Schulder Stefan
Published: March 2021

Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) is believed to contribute to educational equality and to serve social inclusion and democracy. Segregation in day-care centres counteracts these aims but has hardly been researched in Germany so far. We describe ethnic/linguistic and social segregation at different regional levels (federal states as well as East and West Germany more generally) using data from the Early Childhood Education and Care Quality Study in the Socio-Economic Panel (K2ID-SOEP) and the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). We find pronounced differences in distribution patterns of ECEC settings’ composition especially between West and East Germany and discuss the research implications of our findings.
Market Reaction to iPhone Rumors
Authors: Wu Zhang , Chong Terence Tai-Leung , Liu Yuchen
Published: March 2021

The paper studies the effects of new product rumors about the iPhone on the stock price of the Apple company. We scrape iPhone rumors from Macrumors.com, and obtain a dataset covering 1,264 articles containing 180 words on average between January 2002 and December 2015. Moreover, we construct a market-decided lexicon to transform qualitative information into quantitative data, and analyze what type of words and what information embedded in the rumors are apt to impact on Apple’s stock price. Unlike previous studies, we do not rely on the widely-adopted Harvard-IV-4 dictionary, as the coefficients of the words from the dictionary are neither significant nor consistent with their polarities, compared with our results. The paper obtains three main findings. First, the spread of rumors has a significant impact on the stock price. Second, positive words, rather than negative words, play an important role in affecting the stock price. Third, the stock price is highly sensitive to the words related to the appearance of the iPhone.
On the improved interior regularity of the solution of a fourth order elliptic problem modelling the displacement of a linearly elastic shallow shell lying subject to an obstacle
Authors: Piersanti Paolo
Published: March 2021

In this paper we show that the solution of an obstacle problem for linearly elastic shallow shells enjoys higher differentiability properties in the interior of the domain where it is defined.
India: Wetlands as a Case Study in “Commons Capitalism”
Authors: Dash Bishwa Kallyan
Published: March 2021

Wetlands are a critical resource, essential not only to water quality and quantity, but also to human sustenance and to the thriving ecosystems. Human and ecosystem dependence on wetlands is not well recognised in governmental oversight and community attitudes. As such, markets undervalue them and businesses and industry consider them disposable. Given that the market economy controls the “new normal”, it has not been uncommon for States, when formulating policies to exploit wetland resources for gain, thereby undermining their future and sustainability. India has made some attempts, both nationally and internationally to resolve these matters. This paper is an attempt to showcase one such common property resource, i.e. wetlands in the city of Bangalore, which are under tremendous stress from capitalism.
Selective Secretase Targeting for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy
Authors: Miranda Alvaro , Montiel Enrique , Ulrich Henning , Paz Cristian
Published: March 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with marked atrophy of the cerebral cortex and accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Amyloid plaques are formed by oligomers of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain, with a length of 42 and 40 amino acids. α-secretase cleaves amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) producing the membrane-bound fragment CTFα and the soluble fragment sAβPPα with neuroprotective activity; β-secretase produces membrane-bound fragment CTFβ and a soluble fragment sAβPPβ. After α-secretase cleavage of AβPP, γ-secretase cleaves CTFα to produce the cytoplasmic fragment AICD and P3 in the non-amyloidogenic pathway. CTFβ is cleaved by γ-secretase producing AICD as well as Aβ in amyloidogenic pathways. In the last years, the study of natural products and synthetic compounds, such as α-secretase activity enhancers, β-secretase inhibitors (BACE-1), and γ-secretase activity modulators, have been the focus of pharmaceuticals and researchers. Drugs were improved regarding solubility, blood-brain barrier penetration, selectivity, and potency decreasing Aβ42. In this regard, BACE-1 inhibitors, such as Atabecestat, NB-360, Umibecestat, PF-06751979 Verubecestat, LY2886721, Lanabecestat, LY2811376 and Elenbecestat, were submitted to phase I-III clinical trials. However, inhibition of Aβ production did not recover cognitive functions or reverse disease progress. Novel strategies are being developed, aiming at a partial reduction of Aβ production, such as the development of γ-secretase modulators or α-secretase activity enhancers. Such therapeutic tools shall focus on slowing down or minimizing the progression of neuronal damage. Here, we summarize structures and activities of the latest compounds designed for AD treatment, with remarkable in vitro, in vivo, and clinical phase activities.