bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Agent-Based Embedded Family Remote Medical Monitoring System
Authors: Zhang Haixia
Published: April 2022

Under the strategic background of the Internet and big data, the technical means of telemedicine show strong advantages in the consultation and treatment of various acute and chronic diseases so that the majority of patients can enjoy high-quality medical resources and save unnecessary costs. The resulting medical management decision-making has also become a research topic widely concerned by experts and scholars in relevant fields at home and abroad. In this article, the multiagent optimization decision-making problem in telemedicine has not formed a systematic research system, and there is a lack of corresponding decision-making analysis methods. In view of this, based on the optimal decision theory and decision-making method in telemedicine, this article focuses on the preferences and behavior strategies of participants in the context of telemedicine and makes a phased and in-depth foundation for management and the decision-making of each link of telemedicine. Theoretical research and specific decision analysis methods have certain theoretical and practical significance. The design ideas and implementation process of the acquisition converter and client software are introduced in detail. In order to support the system with good scalability and maintainability, not only is a communication plug-in designed above the transmission layer, but also a transcoding plug-in is designed to support the protocol conversion of medical equipment. The design idea and implementation process of acquisition converter and client software are introduced in detail.
Angiofibroma of the Mandible: Report of a Rare Case
Authors: AlZayer Mohammed A. , AlMarzouq Ali Matouq , Al-Faraj Zahrah Hasan , Al-Saleh Eman F.
Published: April 2022

Angiofibroma is an uncommon, highly vascular benign lesion that occurs in the head and neck region, typically arising in the nasopharyngeal area, potentially with a locally aggressive course. Angiofibroma with a primary intraoral presentation is extremely rare; few case reports have been published in the literature, with only three cases of angiofibroma in the mandible published to date. In this case, a 37-year-old man presented with swelling at the right mandible and underwent enucleation of the lesion under general anesthesia. After 1-year follow-up, there were no signs of recurrence.
The Design of the Exercise Load Monitoring System Based on Internet of Things
Authors: Zhao KuoTu , Liu WeiJun
Published: April 2022

Exercise is of great help to human health, and exercise load monitoring is also to ensure the physical and mental health of athletes. Therefore, this paper designs an exercise load detection system based on Internet of things technology. We introduce the design of heart rate acquisition part, mobile application part, and web server in detail. There are many places to weigh and consider in the design process. The design idea of the system is introduced step by step, and the hardware system deployment architecture and the overall software architecture of the system are designed. In particular, the monitoring of exercise heart rate is very suitable for the system requirements studied in this paper. The system design in this paper can achieve the effect of human sports load detection.
Study on the Adaptability of Shield Tunnel Segments Orthogonal Crossing Grade III Loess Ground Fissure Section
Authors: Yin Tao , Cao Zhen , Su Sanqing
Published: April 2022

Taking the Xi’an rail transit line orthogonal crossing the ground fissure section as the engineering background, the structural properties and adaptability of the shield tunnel lining segment under the ground fissure environment are carried out. Using the finite element numerical simulation method, combined with the relevant model tests that have been carried out by predecessors, the damage characteristics of shield tunnel lining segment structure under the action of the ground fissure are revealed. The results show that shield tunnel structure is mainly shear deformation, with local bending deformation. Secondly, the principal tensile stress and principal tensile strain at the arch waist and arch foot of segment ring intersecting with ground fissure section are the largest. The relative dislocation between the rings of the shield tunnel near the ground fissure in the hanging wall is the largest, and the opening of arch top ring seam near the ground fissure in the footwall is the largest. Finally, the conventional shield tunnel lining segment structure cannot be directly used in the ground fissure site with a vertical dislocation of 200 mm.
Dissecting a Geographical Colourful Tapestry: Phylogeography of the Colour Polymorphic Spider Gasteracantha cancriformis
Authors: Salgado-Roa Fabian C. , Chamberland Lisa , Pardo-Diaz Carolina , Cisneros-Heredia Diego F. , Lasso Eloisa , Salazar Camilo
Published: April 2022

Species with large distributions provide unique opportunities to test how geography has influenced biotic diversification. In this work, we aimed to explore the effect of geographic barriers on the distribution of the phenotypic and genetic variation of a spider species that is widespread in continental and insular America. We obtained an alignment of the mitochondrial locus Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) for 408 individuals across the geographic range of Gasteracantha cancriformis. We used phylogenetics, population genetics, and morphology to explore the genetic and phenotypic variation of this species. We found five genetically differentiated and geographically structured populations. Three of them are distributed in continental America, separated by the Andes mountains, and two are in the Caribbean and Galapagos Islands. Some of these geographic clades shared haplotypes between them, which may be a consequence of dispersal. We detected at least 20 phenotypes of G. cancriformis, some of which were exclusive to a geographic region, while others occurred in multiple regions. We did not observe well-defined morphological differences across male genitalia. This evidence suggests that G. cancriformis is a widespread species with high phenotypic variation that should be explored in more depth.
Study on the Time‐dependent Reliability of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Bridge Structures due to Ship Impact
Authors: Fu Tao , Zhu Zhixin , Li Yan , Sun Yue , Meng Lingxiao
Published: April 2022

The cumulative damage caused by chloride ion erosion to coastal bridge structures reduces the ship impact resistance of channel bridge structures and leads to changes in reliability of bridge structures on ship impact. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the performance degradation change law of corroded bridge structures and to evaluate the ship impact time‐dependent reliability of in‐service corrosion‐damaged bridge structures. Based on the durability decay model of reinforced concrete structures in a chloride ion erosion environment, the time‐dependent resistance analysis of bridge structures is carried out considering the reduction of yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement and hoop reinforcement in pile sections and the decay of compressive strength of protective layer concrete. Based on the study of the probabilistic model and parameters of random variables affecting the time‐dependent reliability of ship‐bridge collision, the typical damage modes of bridge structures under ship impact are analyzed, the time‐dependent reliability analysis model of bridge structures under ship impact is established based on the structural damage criterion, the ship‐bridge crash limit state functional function is given, and the time‐dependent reliability analysis of ship‐bridge collision is carried out based on the response surface method.
Two‐Stage Total Hip Arthroplasty for Primary Advanced Septic Arthritis of the Hip in Adults
Authors: Li Zhenzhong , Wei Congcong , Li Xiangke , Yao Mengxuan , Li Huijie
Published: April 2022

Background. Comparing the outcomes of debridement and total hip arthroplasty (THA) with antibiotic‐loaded spacer implantation and subsequent THA for the treatment of patients affected by primary advanced septic arthritis (SA) of the hip in adults. Methods. All of the 20 patients (20 hips) underwent two‐stage surgery. Nine patients were submitted to surgical debridement first and then THA (group 1), while 11 patients were treated with antibiotic‐loaded spacer and subsequent THA (group 2). Patients were evaluated based on the recurrence of infection, Harris hip score, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score, and leg length discrepancy. Results. No cases of infection, deep vein thrombosis, death, and loosening of the hip prosthesis were observed during follow‐up. The mean follow‐up time was 29.09 ± 10.80 months in group 1 and 28.22 ± 14.80 months in group 2. Before the THA surgery, the mean leg length discrepancy was 2.80 ± 2.03 cm in group 1 and 0.50 ± 0.23 cm in group 2 (P < 0.05). In the latest follow‐up, the Harris hip scores of patients were 90.33 ± 4.85 in group 1 and 94.36 ± 2.34 in group 2 (P < 0.05), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the VAS pain score of the hip between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions. Debridement and antibiotic‐loaded spacer and subsequent THA were effective in eradicating the infection for advanced SA. However, antibiotic‐loaded spacer and subsequent THA was superior for effectively maintaining the length of the lower limb and function of the hip.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Derived Exosomes Promote Malignant Phenotype of Polyploid Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells through AMPK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Lili , Ouyang Mingyue , Xing Sining , Zhao Song , Liu Shuo , Sun Lingyan , Yu Huiying
Published: April 2022

Chemotherapy is an important method for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but it can lead to side effects and polyploid cancer cells. The polyploid cancer cells can live and generate daughter cancer cells via budding. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with repair and regeneration functions and can resist tissue damage caused by tumor therapy. This study is aimed at investigating the effects of MSCs and their derived exosomes on the biological characteristics of polyploid NSCLC cells and the potential mechanisms. We found that MSC conditioned medium (CM), MSCs, and MSC-exosomes had no effect on cell proliferation of the polyploid A549 and H1299 cells. Compared with the control group, MSCs and MSC-exosomes significantly promoted epithelial mesenchymal transformation, cell migration, antiapoptosis, and autophagy in the polyploid A549 and H1299 by activating AMPK signaling pathway, but no significant changes were observed in MSC-CM treatment. These results revealed that MSCs and MSC-exosomes promoted malignant phenotype of polyploid NSCLC cells through the AMPK signaling pathway.
Application of PET/CT in Preoperative Evaluation and Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhou Xin , Zhang Yongpeng , Zhao Xipeng , Zhou Lin , Jia Xia , Pan Libo
Published: April 2022

The aim study to study the significance of pet clinical examination image technology for early gastric mucosal adenocarcinoma, improve the accuracy and accuracy of image examination results of gastric cancer, and provide important reference significance and value for early treatment. Study methods, we used the experimental method of clinical medicine to obtain some reference data through the intervention of different image examinations on experimental patients of different groups and stages, These data show that the use of PET-CT imaging can improve the one-year survival rate of patients and reduce the one-year recurrence rate. Lymphatic metastasis rate and hematogenous metastasis rate, so as to highlight the advantages of PET-CT imaging.
Effectiveness Evaluation Model of Digital Cost Management Strategy for Financial Investment of Internet of Things Enterprises in Complex Environment
Authors: Yue Wenzhong , Guo Congying
Published: April 2022

In the current study, a depth evaluation for the strategic cost management (SCM) based on Internet of things (IoT) enterprises is performed. The SCM is analyzed under the umbrella of replication environment and financial digitization. Our proposed method of evaluation consists of the replication technology, the relationship between corporate finance, corporate performance, and SCM. However, in the second stage, we considered Xiaomi Corporation (Xiaomi), an IoT enterprise, as our hypothesis and benchmark model to analyze the existing issues related to cost management. Finally, the strategy and effect of Xiaomi’s SCM based on the value chain are thoroughly investigated and an in-depth insight has been provided. Moreover, our results show that the SCM of Xiaomi based on the value chain has achieved optimum results, such as reducing the total cost per unit product and increasing the market share. However, a few issues still need improvements, such as insufficient innovation ability, the incomplete scope of cost management, and a small amount of patent authorization. This article is conducive to enterprises for better strategic planning and to improve cost management efficiency. Moreover, it provides a reference basis for the cost management problems faced by other IoT enterprises.
An Inquiry-Based Teaching Model for Nursing Professional Courses Based on Data Mining and Few-Shot Learning Technology
Authors: Fan Fuling
Published: April 2022

Teaching is defined as a relatively stable structural framework and activity process of teaching activities established under the guidance of specific teaching concepts and theories. It serves as a link between teaching theory and practice, as well as between the teaching system’s static and dynamic conditions. The ITM (Inquiry-Based Teaching Model) has received a lot of attention and has been used in a lot of classrooms. Data mining (DM) is a method for discovering knowledge in databases and a technology for mining information in large data sets. It is primarily used to discover unknown relationships and patterns in related data. This paper applies DM’s core technology, particularly the decision tree algorithm, to give hospital managers more comprehensive and in-depth data analysis capabilities, as well as strong technical support for hospitals in developing management plans. Furthermore, due to the scarcity of research data in the nursing profession, this paper introduces the few-shot learning technology to improve the model’s analysis ability.
Methamphetamine-Induced Bowel Ischemia in a 50-Year-Old Male
Authors: Kurtz Brian , Alshoubi Abdalhai , Nguyen Katrina , Gehres Eric
Published: April 2022

Methamphetamine intoxication is a known risk factor for nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI). We describe a case of a 50-year-old male with a history of polysubstance abuse who presented to the Emergency Department with severe abdominal pain and coffee-ground emesis. Computed tomographic (CT) imaging demonstrated portal venous gas and diffuse colonic wall thickening concerning for ischemic colitis. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy with resection of the ascending colon as well as a necrotic section of the jejunum. Further embolic workup was negative with a subjective history of amphetamine use prior to presentation. NOMI has a high fatality rate, and we recommend providers include drug-induced bowel infarction on their differential when presented with findings of ischemic bowel of unclear etiology.
The Cultivation of Political Identity Literacy in Ideological and Political Classroom Based on IOT and Knowledge Map
Authors: Yang Lihong , Shi Yu
Published: April 2022

The learning depth and training temperature of citizen research course are realized through preclass preview and exploration of life situation and strengthen emotional noncognitive learning by guiding students through preschool preview, life situation exploration, hot topic dialogue and questions, experience transfer and application, and creating practical activities. In order to achieve the purpose of critical understanding and real problem-solving, I integrated and refined the learning content, from emotion to internal political identity and realized the organic combination of in-depth learning and classroom training. Combined with the development of Multimedia Internet of Things in the classroom, a new software is developed to solve the problem of multimedia network management that connects to other central media control devices and auxiliary devices through the Internet of Things. This paper introduces the design idea and overall structure of the system and discusses the changes brought by the network structure to the multimedia network. The network architecture of multimedia classroom based on SDN and Internet of Things helps to solve the practical problems in the use of existing multimedia classroom, improve the intelligence of multimedia classroom, and better serve teachers and students.
Intratumor Heterogeneity and Antitumor Immunity Shape One Another Bidirectionally
Authors: Wolf Yochai , Samuels Yardena
Published: April 2022

Over the last decade, it has become clear that the genomic landscapes of tumors profoundly impact their immunogenicity and how tumor cells interact with immune cells. Whereas past discoveries mainly focused on the interplay between tumor immunogenicity and tumor mutational burden (TMB), under the assumption that a higher mutation load would give rise to a better patient response to immune checkpoint blockade therapies, we and others have underlined intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) as an important determinant of the magnitude of the antitumor response and the nature of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we define TMB versus ITH and how the two factors are being inferred from data, examine key findings in the cancer immunogenomics literature deciphering the complex cross-talk between TMB, ITH, and antitumor immunity in human cancers and in vivo models, and discuss the mutual influence of ITH and immunity—how the antitumor response can give rise to tumors with higher ITH, and how higher ITH can put shackles on the antitumor response.
Targeting Podoplanin for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma
Authors: Takemoto Ai , Takagi Satoshi , Ukaji Takao , Gyobu Nobuhiko , Kakino Mamoru , Takami Miho , Kobayashi Asami , Lebel Marie , Kawaguchi Tokuichi , Sugawara Minoru , Tsuji-Takayama Kazue , Ichihara Kenji , Funauchi Yuki , Ae Keisuke , Matsumoto Seiichi , Sugiura Yoshiya , Takeuchi Kengo , Noda Tetsuo , Katayama Ryohei , Fujita Naoya
Published: April 2022

Purpose:

Osteosarcoma, the most common bone malignancy in children, has a poor prognosis, especially when the tumor metastasizes to the lungs. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies targeting both proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma are required. Podoplanin (PDPN) is expressed by various tumors and is associated with tumor-induced platelet activation via its interaction with C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) on platelets. We previously found that PDPN contributed to osteosarcoma growth and metastasis through platelet activation; thus, in this study, we developed an anti-PDPN humanized antibody and evaluated its effect on osteosarcoma growth and metastasis.

Experimental Design:

Nine osteosarcoma cell lines and two osteosarcoma patient-derived cells were collected, and we evaluated the efficacy of the anti-DPN-neutralizing antibody PG4D2 and the humanized anti-PDPN antibody AP201, which had IgG4 framework region. The antitumor and antimetastasis effect of PG4D2 and AP201 were examined in vitro and in vivo. In addition, growth signaling by the interaction between PDPN and CLEC-2 was analyzed using phospho-RTK (receptor tyrosine kinase) array, growth assay, or immunoblot analysis under the supression of RTKs by knockout and inhibitor treatment.

Results:

We observed that PG4D2 treatment significantly suppressed tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma xenograft models highly expressing PDPN. The contribution of PDGFR activation by activated platelet releasates to osteosarcoma cell proliferation was confirmed, and the humanized antibody, AP201, suppressed in vivo osteosarcoma growth and metastasis without significant adverse events.

Conclusions:

Targeting PDPN with a neutralizing antibody against PDPN–CLEC-2 without antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity is a novel therapeutic strategy for PDPN-positive osteosarcoma.
Lenalidomide and the Expanding Toolkit to Manage Kaposi Sarcoma
Authors: Henry David H. , Maki Robert G.
Published: April 2022

Lenalidomide recently was shown to have clinical activity in patients with human immunodeficiency virus—associated Kaposi sarcoma. Immunomodulatory imine drugs thus provide another tool in the treatment of this challenging neoplasm.

See related article by Reid et al., p. 2646
PDZ Proteins SCRIB and DLG1 Regulate Myeloma Cell Surface CD86 Expression, Growth, and Survival
Authors: Moser-Katz Tyler , Gavile Catherine M. , Barwick Benjamin G. , Lee Kelvin P. , Boise Lawrence H.
Published: April 2022

Despite advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma in the past decades, the disease remains incurable, and understanding signals and molecules that can control myeloma growth and survival are important for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. One such molecule, CD86, regulates multiple myeloma cell survival via its interaction with CD28 and signaling through its cytoplasmic tail. Although the CD86 cytoplasmic tail has been shown to be involved in drug resistance and can induce molecular changes in multiple myeloma cells, its function has been largely unexplored. Here, we show that CD86 cytoplasmic tail has a role in trafficking CD86 to the cell surface. This is due in part to a PDZ-binding motif at its C-terminus which is important for proper trafficking from the Golgi apparatus. BioID analysis revealed 10 PDZ domain–containing proteins proximal to CD86 cytoplasmic tail in myeloma cells. Among them, we found the planar cell polarity proteins, SCRIB and DLG1, are important for proper CD86 surface expression and the growth and survival of myeloma cells. These findings indicate a mechanism by which myeloma cells confer cellular survival and drug resistance and indicate a possible motif to target for therapeutic gain.

Implications:

These findings demonstrate the importance of proper trafficking of CD86 to the cell surface in myeloma cell survival and may provide a new therapeutic target in this disease.
Localized Follicular Mucinosis in a Child Treated Successfully with Pimecrolimus and Targeted Phototherapy
Authors: Mutalik Sharad , Nikam Balkrishna , Salunke Tejaswini
Published: April 2022

Follicular mucinosis (FM)/alopecia mucinosa is not commonly seen in children. There are a limited number of case reports, and its prognosis and long-term outcome are unpredictable. We describe a case of FM in a 3-year-old child, which was confirmed on histopathology. The lesion resolved with topical pimecrolimus cream and targeted phototherapy with an excimer lamp and has not recurred.
Onlay Pedicled Transverse Skin Flap versus One-Stage Inlay Buccal Mucosal Graft in Penile Urethroplasty: A Prospective Matched-Pair Analysis
Authors: Sayedahmed Khalid , Omar Mohamed , Rosenhammer Bernd , Burger Maximilian , Goßler Christopher
Published: April 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare urethroplasty using onlay pedicled transverse skin flap (PSF) versus one-stage inlay buccal mucosa graft (BMG) in repair of penile urethral strictures. Methods: We conducted a prospective matched-pair analysis of 44 male patients receiving penile urethroplasty between June 2016 and June 2019. There were 22 patients who received PSF and 22 patients who received BMG. Matching was performed according to stricture length. Patients with strictures caused by lichen sclerosus, prior hypospadias repair, or failed prior urethroplasty were excluded. Treatment was considered successful if no recurrence was observed. Successful repair, complication rates, patients’ satisfaction, and quality of life improvement were endpoints of this study. Results: Mean follow-up was 40.3 months. PSF and BMG showed comparable success rates (90.9% vs. 86.4%, p = 0.713). Recurrent stricture occurred in 2 patients (9.1%) who received PSF and in 3 patients (13.6%) who received BMG. Operation time was significantly longer for PSF than for BMG (108.4 min vs. 78.1 min, p = 0.01). Univariable logistic regression analysis revealed no relevant risk factors for stricture recurrence. Conclusion: Early results indicate comparable success rates of PSF and BMG in penile urethroplasty. Further studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up periods are required to evaluate subtle differences between both techniques.
Peranan Ultrasonografi dalam Diagnosis Trauma Testis
Authors: Rizqi Putri , Erawati Dini , Satyagraha Paksi
Published: April 2022

Trauma genitalia eksterna lebih sering terjadi pada laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan, khususnya pada rentang usia 15 dan 40 tahun. Hal ini disebabkan karena perbedaan anatomi dan peningkatan frekuensi kecelakaan lalu lintas. Jumlah kasus trauma genitalia eksterna berkisar antara 33-66% dari semua kasus urologi. Trauma genitalia eksterna paling sering disebabkan oleh trauma tumpul (80%) salah satunya adalah ruptur testis. Ruptur testis mengacu pada robekan pada tunika albuginea yang mengakibatkan ekstrusi isi testis. Dalam menentukan prosedur pemeriksaan yang tepat dibutuhkan pemeriksaan fisik dan informasi mengenai mekanisme trauma sehingga dapat menentukan prognosis yang baik. Ultrasonografi skrotum (SUS) adalah modalitas pilihan pertama dalam kasus cedera testis dengan sensitifitas dalam mendeteksi ruptur testis mencapai hingga 100%. Selain itu prosedur pemeriksaan SUS bisa segera dilakukan, non radiasi dan non invasif. Temuan ultrasonografi utama untuk ruptur testis meliputi testis yang heterogen, abnormalitas kontur, dan terdapat robekan pada tunika albuginea. Temuan ini bisa digunakan untuk penentuan derajat cedera testis sesuai AAST (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma) yang selanjutnya dapat menentukan manajemen terapi definitif yang dipilih. Kami laporkan satu kasus laki-laki, usia 19 tahun mengeluh nyeri pada testis kiri sejak 16 jam setelah kecelakaan lalu lintas. Dari pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan mual, muntah juga ditemukan hematoma di area skrotum. Pemeriksaan ultrasonografi menunjukkan robekan luas struktur testis sinistra sesuai AAST derajat IV dengan hidrokel komplek. Pasien dilakukan eksplorasi didapatkan ruptur testis sebanyak >50 % area sesuai AAST derajat IV, dan dilanjutkan orchidectomy unilateral.
Özel Tasarrufları Belirleyen Faktörlerin ARDL Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi: Türkiye Ekonomisi için Bir Uygulama
Authors: SARI Sacit , YILDIRIM Kemal
Published: April 2022

Bu çalışma kapsamında Türkiye ekonomisinde özel tasarrufların belirleyicileri 1980-2019 arası yıllık verilerle araştırılmıştır. Değişkenlerin durağanlıkları ADF ve Phillips-Perron birim kök testleriyle sınanmıştır. Değişkenlerin durağanlıkları ayrıca Fourier ADF ve KPSS testleriyle de sınanmıştır. Seriler arasında uzun dönemli ilişkiler ise ARDL sınır testi ve FMOLS yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Eşbütünleşme testi sonucuna göre serilerin eşbütünleşik oldukları uzun dönemde birlikte hareket ettikleri tespit edilmiştir. ARDL sınır testi sonuçlarına göre uzun dönemde kişi başı gelir, faiz oranı ve cari işlemler dengesi serilerinin özel tasarrufları pozitif yönde etkilediği, kamu tasarrufları, enflasyon oranı ve nüfus bağımlılık oranının ise negatif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Kişi başı gelirde meydana gelen %1’lik artış özel tasarrufları %0.45 oranında artırırken, faiz oranlarında meydana gelen aynı düzeyde bir artış özel tasarrufları %0.64 oranında artırmaktadır. FMOLS sonuçları enflasyon değişkenin anlamsız çıkması haricinde sınır testi sonuçlarını doğrulamıştır.
All as One to One for All
Authors: Gardner Nathan Daniel
Published: April 2022

The recent racism toward Chinese Australians arising from the COVID-19 pandemic recalls the shape and scale of racism last seen during the “Hanson debate” of the late 1990s – so-named for the anti-Asian immigration and anti-multicultural positions Pauline Hanson advanced in Australian politics and society. Further linking these two moments are the responses to racism coming from Chinese Australian individuals and community organizations. In each period, the different backgrounds of various Chinese Australian communities and their representative organizations influenced their modes of responding to racism. Over the years, however, the prominence of a small number of “community leaders” and organizations responding to racism has increasingly eclipsed grassroots responses to racism. I argue that this shift represents a “professionalization” of Chinese Australian responses to racism; partly explaining the form that present responses take, while also problematizing the relationship between the “community representatives” and the “communities being represented.”
Islam and the Invention of Religion: A Study of Medieval Muslim Discourses on Dīn
Authors: Abbasi Rushain
Published: April 2022

In recent years, the validity of the category of religion has been increasingly subjected to severe criticism across several academic disciplines. The thrust of this critical position – despite the nuances and sophistication of the various arguments advanced in support of it – rests, in the main, on one central claim: that the notion of religion did not exist in non-Western and premodern civilizations and is therefore a unique invention of the modern West. It is my contention, however, that in fixating on the Western construction of the category of religion and the theoretical problems associated with it, scholars have neglected to consider whether a similar concept might have existed prior to the modern West, and if so, what this might mean for our understanding of religion as a historical phenomenon. As a remedy to this trend, this article will engage in a comprehensive conceptual historical analysis of the Arabic term dīn (and its related terminology) in order to demonstrate that, contrary to popular belief, premodern Muslims did indeed possess a concept akin to the modern sense of “religion” long before the rise of the modern West, and that, furthermore, they were the first historical community to sustain and develop a rich and robust analytical discourse around the idea of religion, which consequently played a major role in various social, political, and intellectual endeavors in Islamic history. My investigation will reveal that premodern Muslims continuously redefined and repurposed the concept of religion (based on a readily available conceptual vocabulary produced within the Late Antique Near East) in the process of offering particular sociological accounts of the origins and nature of religion, addressing political concerns like the unravelling of power, classifying the “Other,” and more.
Reconstructing Early Ibāḍī Theology in North Africa: The influence of ʿAbdallāh b. Yazīd al-Fazārī
Authors: al-Salimi Abdulrahman
Published: April 2022

This paper seeks to re-examine previous comparative work done on one of North Africa’s most important Ibāḍī theological texts, al-Radd ʿalā al-Jahālāt, through the wider lens of the development of Ibāḍī theology and Ibāḍī creedal literature in North Africa. More specifically, this paper will look at the influence of the key text Kitāb al-Tawḥīd by the Ibāḍī theologian ʿAbdullah b. Yazīd al-Fazārī on a wide range of theological discussions that took place in the process of the formation of Ibāḍī creeds, and specifically on Kitāb al-Tawḥīd’s influence on the text of al-Radd ʿalā al-Jahālāt. That work will enable us to draw firmer conclusions on al-Fazārī’s place in the different debates between opposing Ibāḍī camps in North Africa during the period of Ibadi formation, and from there on through the centuries.
Continuity and Change in the Role of Mysticism under the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Machlis Elisheva
Published: April 2022

The current study will evaluate the role of ‘irfān [the inner perception of knowledge; combining elements of philosophy, theosophy, mysticism and Shi’i thought] within the Islamic Republic of Iran as a significant component of Iran’s cultural heritage. It will focus on several prominent clerics and intellectuals who represent the regime’s diverse political factions. This article will demonstrate that under the Islamic Republic, ‘irfān evolved from a marginalized area to a central phenomenon and became a tool to debate the political direction of the state and the relationship between its revolutionary and republican elements. While mysticism in the service of politics was more wide-spread among the reformist camp, ardent supporters of the regime resorted to ‘irfān to enhance an exclusive perception of authority based on the rule of the Supreme Jurist. It also created a shared spiritual basis among the Islamic State’s diverse voices. The result was a new blend between mysticism, philosophy, Western thought, politics, Islamic law, and even messianism, within an inter-connectivity between the mystical path and the Shari‘a. Consequently, a complex understanding of ‘irfān has to take into consideration the multiple fusions between Islamic mysticism and other trends and evaluate the result in a specific socio-political context.
Systematic revision of Afrogecko ansorgii (Boulenger, 1907) (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from western Angola
Authors: LOBON-ROVIRA JAVIER , CONRADIE WERNER , PINTO PEDRO VAZ , KEATES CHAD , EDWARDS SHELLEY , PLESSIS ANTON DU , BRANCH WILLIAM R.
Published: April 2022

Here we provide the first phylogenetic analysis that include Afrogecko ansorgii and a detailed morphological comparison with other species of leaf-toed geckos. For this purpose, we used two mitochondrial (16S, ND2) and four nuclear (RAG1, RAG2, CMOS, PDC) genes to produce a robust phylogenetic reconstruction. This allowed us to show that A. ansorgii is not related as previously believed to circum-Indian Ocean leaf-toed geckos and is rather more closely related to other Malagasy leaf-toed geckos. Additionally, we explore and compare osteological variation in A. ansorgii skulls through High Resolution X-ray Computed Tomography with previously published material. This allowed us to describe herein a new genus, Bauerius gen. nov., and additionally provide a detailed redescription of the species (including the first description of male material), supplementing the limited original description and type series, which consisted of only two females.
Explaining Extreme Events of 2020 from a Climate Perspective
Authors: Herring Stephanie C. , Christidis Nikolaos , Hoell Andrew , Stott Peter A.
Published: April 2022

Editors note: For easy download the posted pdf of the Explaining Extreme Events of 2020 is a very low-resolution file. A high-resolution copy of the report is available by clicking here. Please be patient as it may take a few minutes for the high-resolution file to download.
Antitrust, Big Tech, and Democracy: A Research Agenda
Authors: Robertson Viktoria H. S. E.
Published: April 2022

In the twenty-first century, voter choice and the broader political debate are within the reach of those that can access and channel the vast streams of user data that are generated online. How digital platforms utilize personal user data to influence the outcome of democratic processes has become a central issue that liberal democracies must confront. The paper explores whether competition law has a role to play when it comes to addressing this intersection of Big Tech, data, and democracy. It first sets out the democratic roots of competition or antitrust law in the United States and the European Union. From these, the paper deduces that competition law cannot remain inactive when it comes to maintaining a democratic society in the face of the abilities of Big Tech to influence democratic processes and outcomes. The paper then goes a step further and asks what role competition law could play in this regard. Should democratic values simply be reflected in the procedural set-up of antitrust law, or is there a role for democratic values in the substantive provisions as well? And if so, does antitrust law’s focus on keeping market power in check suffice to fulfill its role in a democratic society, or does this role require the law to specifically target antidemocratic market behavior as anticompetitive harm? In navigating these questions, the paper contributes to the ongoing debate on political antitrust and sets out an ambitious research agenda on how to carry this discussion forward.
Systematic review of Indigenous involvement and content in mental health interventions and their effectiveness for Indigenous populations
Authors: Lee Rachel Seungyun , Brown Hilary K , Salih Sarah , Benoit Anita C
Published: April 2022

Objective:

To assess the effects of psychological, psychosocial, educational and alternative interventions on mental health outcomes of Indigenous adult populations in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States and the Indigenous involvement and content in each study.

Methods:

We systematically searched databases, key journals and gray literature, for records until June 2020. Eligible studies were in English or French and examined the impact of interventions on mental health outcomes including anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, psychological distress or stress for Indigenous adults (⩾16 years). Data were extracted using a modified Cochrane Data Extraction Form and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication. Quality was evaluated using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment form.

Results:

In total, 21 studies were eligible, comprising 8 randomized controlled trials, 10 single-group pre–post studies and 3 pre–post studies with comparison groups. Twenty studies had Indigenous individuals or organizations involved in some decision-making capacity, though extent of involvement varied widely. In total, 9 studies were rated moderate and 12 weak in the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment. Eight studies measuring depression, three measuring posttraumatic stress disorder, three measuring psychological distress and two measuring stress showed statistically significant improvements following the intervention.

Conclusion:

A wide range of interventions demonstrated mental health improvements. However, it is difficult to draw generalizable conclusions on intervention effectiveness, given heterogeneity among studies. Studies should employ a thorough assessment of the Indigenous involvement and content of their interventions for reporting and for critical consideration of the implications of their research and whether they address Indigenous determinants of mental health.
Short and Medium-term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Work Outcomes of Men and Women: Empirical Evidence from Central Asia
Authors: Tleubayev Alisher , Kozhakhmet Sanat
Published: April 2022

This study provides empirical evidence on the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic and work outcomes of men and women in the case of Central Asia, region with under-established formal institutions, relatively poor social infrastructure, and mostly patriarchal society. These features of Central Asian countries make them different from other developed countries that vast majority of existing literature on COVID-19 pandemic and work outcomes nexus focus on. Findings suggest that medium-term employment level is strongly dependent upon short-term work productivity, with the latter being highly dependent on several explanatory variables, including gender. Further analysis reveal that women-mothers and women working from home-office tend to have lower work productivity as short-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, which in turn negatively influences women’s medium-term employment level. The paper sheds light on gender-disaggregated situation in the labor market of the country and provides empirical recommendations for decision makers at both government and business levels.
Funeral Industry Workers’ Work Health and Safety in Australia and Ireland
Authors: Roche Natalie , Darzins Susan , Stuckey Rwth
Published: April 2022

Funeral workers (FWs) work within increasingly medicalized and commodified death-management systems. This study explored Worker Health and Safety (WHS) impacts in contemporary death management on Australian and Irish FWs. Mixed methods combined a survey and interviews. Survey data were descriptively summarized, interviews thematically analyzed, and a schematic systems model developed of the combined results. Survey participants ( n = 45) reported psychosocial hazards from work pressures, competition, and fatigue. Psychosocial hazards were more frequently reported than physical hazards by Australian FWs. Physical hazards were of greater concern to Irish FWs. Themes from 11 interviews were: Personal Attributes, Work Demands, and Socio-Cultural Context. All FWs reported conflicts between individual capacities, work demands, and resources, resulting in hazardous personal states including difficulty sleeping and stress. Respectfully manually handling human remains and “event management” demands for increasingly elaborate funerals created negative WHS impacts. This research informs risk management for FWs and other workers in the increasingly complex death-care industry.
Judokas Show Increased Resilience to Unpredictable Stance Perturbations
Authors: Betelli Marina T. , de Oliveira Julia Á. , Coelho Daniel B. , Teixeira Luis A.
Published: April 2022

Combat sports are characterized by frequent large-scale stance perturbations that may lead to falls. In the present investigation, we compared compensatory arm and leg movements in response to unpredictable stance perturbations between judokas and other athletes whose sports present reduced balance demand, relative to combat sports. Specifically, we tested judokas ( n = 9), and a group of swimmers and runners ( n = 11, controls) in sudden support base displacements in the mediolateral direction, generated by a movable electronic platform, in the following modes: (a) rotation, (b) translation, and (c) combined rotation-translation. The platform was displaced to either side, in three peak velocities (cm/second or o/second) of 20 (low), 30 (moderate), or 40 (high), resulting in 18 distinct perturbations. We evaluated postural responses with a scale for analyzing the stability of compensatory arm and leg movements (CALM). Results showed that, in the most challenging perturbations, judokas had higher stability scores (arm, leg, and global) than did the comparison group. Higher scores for judokas reflected their increased rate of motionless arm and leg responses and absence of near-falls, compared to 30% falls in the most challenging perturbations for the swimmers and runners. As a practical application, judo training may help achieve stable compensatory limb movements in a way that parallels the benefits obtained from perturbation-based balance training in laboratory settings.
Exercise motivations of law enforcement officers in Northeast Louisiana
Authors: Chen YuChun , Castleberry Todd J
Published: April 2022

Previous research indicates that law enforcement officers did not uphold optimal physical fitness. This study aimed to examine exercise motivations of incumbent officers. The EMI-2 was used to collect data. Kruskal–Wallis H tests and post-hoc Mann–Whitney U tests with Bonferroni-corrected p values were used to analyze the data. As a group, the officers were motivated to exercise for the positive health benefits. The results also indicated that building up strength/endurance and competition had influential impacts on their motivation to exercise. Police agencies may take these elements into consideration when planning and implementing a physical training program for the incumbent officers.
Occult Metastases During Salvage Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Free Flaps: Oncologic Outcomes
Authors: Wieser Margaret E. , Sagalow Emily S. , Givens Alyssa , Curry Joseph M. , Dooley Laura M. , Galloway Tabitha L. , Zitsch Robert P. , Tassone Patrick T.
Published: April 2022

Objectives

To define rates of occult metastases in salvage oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer resection requiring free flap, to examine the location of occult metastases, and to determine associations between occult metastasis and survival.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Two tertiary care referral centers.

Methods

We identified previous cases of irradiation with recurrent or second primary oral cavity or oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma that had no evidence of regional metastasis and required free tissue transfer reconstruction of the primary site. Patients who underwent elective neck dissection or exploration were reviewed. The main outcome measures were the presence and location of occult nodal metastasis. Disease‐free survival and overall survival were measured. Odds ratios and hazard ratios were used for analysis.

Results

A total of 83 patients were included: 52 with oral cavity primary tumors and 31 with oropharynx. An overall 78 (94%) underwent elective salvage neck dissection. Occult metastases were found in 9 (11.5%) patients. The most common nodal station for occult metastasis was level 2. Neither elective neck dissection nor the presence of occult metastasis was significantly associated with regional disease‐free or overall survival. Oropharyngeal primary tumors were associated with higher risk of occult metastasis (odds ratio, 1.38; P <. 01) and worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.09; P =. 01).

Conclusion

There is a low incidence of occult metastasis in postradiated recurrent or second primary oral cavity and oropharyngeal tumors. Elective neck dissection and occult nodal metastases were not associated with regional or overall survival. This series may help surgeons make decisions regarding the extent of neck surgery after prior radiation, especially when free flap reconstruction is required.
Orthodontic Management of Severe Dentoalveolar Collapse with Miniscrew-Assisted TMA Cantilever Springs and Bite Blocks
Authors: Venkatesh Pallavi , Harish Pooja , Madakkuni Anjuna , Reddy Sumitra
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Management of mutilated cases is challenging, and adult patients often require orthodontic correction of occlusion before prosthetic replacement of missing teeth.

Objective:

To highlight the novel, simple, hygienic, and efficient miniscrew-supported Beta titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA) cantilever spring for uprighting severe mesially tipped molars for interdisciplinary treatment.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

A 23-year-old male patient presented with skeletal Class I relation, average growth pattern, Class II Division 1 malocclusion with dentoalveolar collapse, crowding, multiple missing, supraerupted teeth, and severe mesially tipped mandibular third molars. MBT appliance with 0.022˝ slot was used to achieve the objectives. 38 and 48 were uprighted and protracted with miniscrew implant-supported TMA cantilever springs to substitute 37 and 47. Mild intrusion of maxillary posterior teeth was done with acrylic bite blocks and transpalatal arch (TPA), followed by prosthetic replacement of missing teeth.

Results:

The patient had a consonant smile arc and a pleasing soft tissue profile. 38 and 48 were uprighted and protracted with good vertical control, and the mesial pockets were eliminated. 17 and 27 were intruded, and group function occlusion was established. Class I canine relationship, normal overjet, and overbite were achieved.

Conclusion:

Miniscrew supported TMA cantilevers are efficient for uprighting of severely tipped 38 and 48 without extrusion, unlike the conventional mechanics. 18, 28, 38 and 48 with good root forms can be protracted and substituted as 17, 27, 37 and 47 respectively to minimize or eliminate prosthetic rehabilitation.