bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Uji Tonikum Sarang Burung Walet (Tsbw) Terhadap Perilaku Mencit (Mus Musculus) Yang Diinduksi Paraquat Sebagai Sumber Lkpd Berorientasi Keterampilan Proses Sains
Authors: Nur Fitri Novia
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Tonikum Sarang Burung Walet (TSBW; Aerodramus fuchipagus) terhadap (a) refleks menghindari jurang, (b) refleks geotaksis negative, (c) posisi sudut kepala, (d) arah berenang, dan (e) penggunaan anggota badan. Dua puluh lima (25) ekor mencit (Mus musculus) jantan dewasa dibagi menjadi lima kelompok masing-masing terdiri atas 5 ekor mencit. Pada hari ke-1 kelompok P1, P2, P3, dan P4 dinjeksi ip 20 mg/kgBB paraquat. Pada hari ke-3 dan 4 kelompok P2, P3, dan P4 secara berurutan diberi dosis 75 mg, 100 mg, dan 150 mg/40 g BB TSBW secara gavage. Kelompok hewan control (P0) hanya diberi Akuadest   0,2 mL dengan cara yang sama. Pada hari ke-6 malam hari dilakukan uji panggung untuk (1) refleks menghindari jurang, (2) refleks geotaksis negative, (3) posisi sudut kepala, (4) arah berenang, dan (5) penggunaan anggota badan. Ijeksi paraquat nyata menurunkan skor lima uji panggung dibanding dengan kontrol. Perlakuan dengan TSBW dapat memulihkan skor tujuh uji panggung mendekati atau sama dengan kontrol. Dosis 150 mg/40 g BB TSBW adalah paling efektif memulihkan lima uji panggung akibat efek negative paraquat. TSBW berpotensi memulihkan efek negative paraquat. Informasi hasil peneleitian uji pengarus TSBW terhadap uji panggung Mus musculus ini disumbangkan dapat menjadi alternatif sumber Desain LKPD pembelajaran Biologi, Kelas XI Semester II Pada KD 3.10 Menganalisis hubungan antara struktur jaringan penyusun organ pada sistem koordinasi dan regfulasi serta gangguan fungsi yang dapat terjadi pada sistem koordinasi manusia.
Intelligent Encoding through OCDM for High Capacity and Connectivity in Wireless 5G and Beyond Networks
Authors:   Sri Sairam Engineering college, Chennai-600 044, India, S Brindha , T Ilavarasan ,   Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 127, India, T Sivasakthi ,   Sri Sairam Engineering college, Chennai-600 044, India, G Lakshmi ,   Sri Sairam Engineering college, Chennai-600 044, India, A RashmI ,   Sri Sairam Engineering college, Chennai-600 044, India, Saminathan Sanjiv Kumar ,   Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu – 600 025, India, M Meenakshi ,   College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai-600 025, India
Published: September 2023

Multioperator multiservice support over mobile front haul networks would be an important requirement in the evolving 5G Wireless Communication architectures. This in turn dictates the need for high capacity and high connectivity front-haul options. Optical Code Division Multiplexing over Wavelength Division Multiple Access could be one of the most promising system architectures to support the last/first-mile bottleneck of the Mobile Networks. This paper reports a comparison impact of the energy efficiency and electromagnetic radiation effects for a multioperator multiservice OCDM-based Spectrally Amplitude Encoded Analog Radio over Fiber front-haul for a small cell configuration. The WDM multiplexed mm-wave signals at 60GHz and 28GHz and Prime code-based spectral amplitude patterns assigned for conventional services are analyzed and compared with theWavelength Division Multiple Access system of the same kind. The comparison results confirm that the proposed architecture will be a suitable candidate to meet the 5G challenges of Mobile fronthaul Networks.
Life in darkness: an overview of cave-adapted japygids (Hexapoda, Diplura)
Authors: Sendra Alberto , Sánchez-García Alba , Hoch Hannelore , Jiménez-Valverde Alberto , Selfa Jesús , Moutaouakil Soumia , Du Preez Gerhard , Millar Ian , Ferreira Rodrigo Lopes
Published: September 2023

Few species of Japygidae (Diplura) have been discovered in cave ecosystems despite their importance as large predators. A small collection of rare specimens of this hexapod group has allowed to explore the taxonomy of japygids from caves in New Zealand, Morocco and South Africa, and to describe one new genus: Imazighenjapyx Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. nov., as well as four new species: Austrjapyx wynbergensis Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov., Imazighenjapyx marocanus Sendra & Sánchez-García gen. et sp. nov., Opisthjapyx naledi Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov. and Teljapyx aotearoa Sendra & Sánchez-García sp. nov. For each of the new taxa we give a comprehensive description of their habitats. These new findings resulted in a revision of the distribution and allowed to re-evaluate the morphological traits of the fifteen cave-adapted japygids species already known worldwide. The functional morphology of the remarkable abdominal pincers of Japygidae and their adaptation to predation are discussed, as well as their potential role in mating behaviour.
Türkiye’de Öğretmen Liderliğinin Önündeki Engeller: Bir Meta-Sentez Çalışması
Authors: ÖZDOĞRU Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’de öğretmen liderliğinin önündeki engelleri araştıran çalışmaların meta-sentez yöntemiyle incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmaya dâhil edilen çalışmalara “Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu (YÖK) Ulusal Tez Tarama Merkezi” ile “ULAKBİM Sosyal Bilimler Veri Tabanı” kullanılarak ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma amacına ve önceden belirlenen kriterlere uygun 20 çalışma belirlenmiştir. Araştırma Walsh ve Downe (2005) tarafından geliştirilen meta-sentez aşamalarına uyularak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ulaşılan verilerin derinlemesine analizi ve yeniden yorumlanması sonucu Türkiye’de öğretmen liderliğinin önündeki engeller ana teması altında 7 alt temaya ulaşılmıştır. Bu alt temalar yönetici tutum ve davranışları, örgütsel nedenler, öğretmenlerden kaynaklı durumlar, bürokratik etkenler, eğitim sisteminden kaynaklanan sorunlar, öğretmen yetiştirmeden kaynaklanan sorunlar ve okulla ilgili sorunlardan oluşmaktadır. Öğretmen liderliğinin önündeki olumsuz yönetici tutum ve davranışlarından kaynaklanan engeller; öğretmeni desteklememe, yetkiyi paylaşmama, hiyerarşi anlayışı, kararlara katmama, örnek liderlik davranışı göstermeme, riskten kaçma, yeniliğe açık olmama, öğretmen gelişimine engel olma, çalışmaları görmezden gelme, başarıyı takdir etmeme, öğretmeni sınırlama ve öğretmene özerklik tanımamadır. Örgütsel nedenlerden kaynaklı engeller; olumsuz okul kültürü ve iklimi, demokratik olmayan ortam, yetersiz ücret, iş yükü, güvensiz ortam, teşvik edici unsurların olmaması, zaman yetersizliği, katılım imkânı sunulmaması ve akademik başarı odaklı kültürdür. Öğretmenlerden kaynaklı engellerle ilgili olarak ise liderlik becerisi eksikliği, sorumluluk almama, kişisel sorunlar, yetersiz meslektaş desteği, olumsuz liderlik algısı, gelişime kapalı olma, öğretmenler arası iletişim ve işbirliği eksikliği öne çıkmaktadır.
Analisis Jenis dan Kelimpahan Mikroplastik serta Pencemaran Logam Berat pada Hulu Sungai Bengawan Solo
Authors: Yusron Muhammad , Asroul Jaza Muhammad
Published: September 2023

Sungai bengawan Solo merupakan sungai nasional yang menjadi sumber air baku bagi masyarakat dalam memenuhi berbagai kebutuhan diantaranya keperluan air pada beberapa sektor seperti perikanan, perkebunan, perairan, bahkan kehidupan organisme air. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi dan kualitas air sungai Bengawan Solo dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada badan airnya. Metode penelitian mikroplastik terdiri darisampling dan analisis laboratorium. Sampling dilakukan dengan metode kering, yaitupencidukan air sebanyak 100 liter dengan plankton net kemudian disaring dengan kain kassa T165.Lokasi sampling dilakukan pada 5 titik yang memiliki aktivitas berbeda, yaitu Kali Samin Surakarta, Sungai Tempuran Jebres, Sungai Perbatasan Sukoharjo, dan dua titik berbeda di Waduk Wonoiri. Adapun analisis laboratorium dilakukan dengan metode shieving/pengayakan, digesti melalui destruksi sampel air dengan campuran larutan H2SO4 dan H2O2 dengan konsentrasi masing-masing 30% (perbandingan 3:1), separasi melalui sentrifugasi pada kecepatan 3000 rpm selama 15 menit, serta filtrasi dan pengamatan dengan mikroskop stereo yang dihubungkan dengan kamera DX230 dan skala 1:40. Hasil yang ditemukan adalah mikroplastik jenis fiber, fragmen , dan film dengan ditemukan kelimpahan mikroplastik 51 partikel per 100 liternya.Kelimpahan mikroplastik terbesar pada Sungai Perbatasan Sukoharjo yaitu 12 partikel/100 liter. Temuan lain menunjukkan Bengawan Solo di Sungai Samin tercemar logam berat khrom, kadmium, dan timbal, serta senyawa kimiaberbahaya khlorin dan nitrit.Tingkat pencemaran logam berat menunjukkan air sungai Bengawan Solo tidak memenuhi baku mutu air kelas 3.
Identifikasi Mikroplastik pada Gastropoda dan Udang di Sungai Brantas
Authors: Nur Fitria Shinta , Anggraeni Vita , Wahyuni Abida Indah , Salam Junaedi Abdus
Published: September 2023

Mikroplastik memiliki ukuran yang kecil <5 mm sehingga mikroplastik dapat mengontaminasi biota yang ada pada perairan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi mikroplastik pada udang dan gastropoda Sungai Brantas. Metode dalam penelitian ini memiliki beberapa tahap yaitu sampling, preparasi sampel, identifikasi sampel dan analisa data. Pengambilan sampel diambil sebanyak 7 stasiun. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian yaitu ditemukan sebanyak 0,6-5,8 partikel/ekor pada udang galah (Macrobacium rosenbergii) dan sebanyak 1,8-26 partikel/ekor pada gastropoda (Thedoxus sp, Oncomelania sp, Filopaludina javanica, Pomacea cannaliculata). Persentase bentuk mikroplastik yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah fiber, bentuk lain yang ditemukan adalah film dan fragmen. Sebaiknya perlu adanya IPAL Komunal agar limbah yang dibuang bisa diolah terlebih dahulu dan tentunya perlu peran masyarakat dalam pengurangan penggunan sampah plastik sekali pakai yang menjadi salah satu pemicu adanya pencemaran mikroplastik.
Identifikasi Kandungan Mikroplastik pada Ikan dan Air Hilir Sungai Brantas
Authors: Sri Ayu Hartini Ani , Sandra Dewi Ratna
Published: September 2023

Pencemaran mikroplastik sangat menganggu ekosistem perairan dan kerusakan serius pada biota seperti Ikan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kandungan mikroplastik pada ikan air di hilir sungai Brantas. Sampel air  diambil pada 7 stasiun, sedangkan sampel ikan yang diperoleh adalah 12 sampel. Preparasi sampel menggunakan larutan H2SO4 dan H2O2. Hasil identifikasi mikroplastik pada sampel air  ditemukan bentuk fiber, fragmen, film dan pelet. Sedangkan pada sampel ikan ditemukan bentuk fiber, fragmen dan film. Kelimpahan total mikroplastik pada air berkisar antara 370-1670  partikel/m3, pada ikan ditemukan 17-90 partikel/ekor. Mikroplastik berasal dari limbah dan tumpukan sampah maka dari itu, perlu adanya pengawasan pengelolahan limbah dan kurangi penggunaan plastik sekali pakai.
Identifikasi Plankton, Makrozoobentos, dan Mikroplastik sebagai Indikator Kualitas Air di Kawasan Suaka Ikan Kali Surabaya
Authors: Dewantari Ayu Wanda , Sulthanadia Aisyah Mahirah , Agatha Dita Adriana , Hasan Veryl
Published: September 2023

Kali Surabaya pada tahun 2015 ditetapkan Gubernur Jawa Timur sebagai kawasan suaka ikan. Suaka Perikanan memiliki fungsi sebagai tempat berlindung/berkembang biak jenis sumber daya ikan. Keberadaan plankton dan makrozoobentos berfungsi untuk menentukan kualitas air di kawasan tersebut, tetapi aktivitas masyarakat serta kegiatan industri di sekitar Suaka Ikan memberikan dampak besar terhadap keanekaragamannya dan memicu timbulnya mikroplastik. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui keanekaragaman plankton dan makrozoobentos serta kandungan mikroplastik sebagai indikator kualitas perairan di kawasan suaka ikan Kali Surabaya. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 3 stasiun dimulai dari Mlirip, Wringinanom, dan Legundi. Identifikasi menggunakan mikroskop trinokuler. Keanekaragaman plankton dihitung dengan indeks keanekaragaman Shanon – Weaner dan identifikasi makrozoobentos menggunakan metode BIOTILIK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat plankton dan makrozoobentos, yang berturut – turut terdiri dari 20 species dan 12 famili, sedangkan kelimpahan rata – rata mikroplastik 7,6 partikel/liter. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh kualitas perairan Suaka Ikan Kali Surabaya yang tergolong dalam tingkat pencemaran sedang.
Identifikasi Mikroplastik Di Udara Pada False Solution Technology
Authors: Syarifah Nidatul , Sari Bunga Surya Eka , Hanapi Ahmad
Published: September 2023

PLTSa dan TPS merupakan bagian solusi dari penyelesaian permasalahan sampah plastik di Indonesia. Namun kegiatan yang dilakukan berdampak sebaliknya, karena solusi tersebut menyebabkan pencemaran baru. Pencemaran dihasilkan seperti menghasilkan gas-gas berbahaya dan emisi SOx dan NOX, serta residu lainnya dan dimungkinan juga terdapat mikroplastik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengidentifikasi mikroplastik pada false solution technology dan sebagai base data awal untuk pencegahan cemaran yang diakibatkan false solution technology. Metode penetukan lokasi yang digunakan adalah Purposive Random Sampling. Sampel diambil di 4 tempat titik lokasi pengambilan sampel, kemudian sampel diidentifikasi menggunakan mikroskop sterero dengan perbesaran 1,5x. Hasil menunjukkan seluruh sampel positif mengandung mikroplastik. Jumlah mikroplastik yang teridentifikasi di insenerator lakardowo yaitu 10 partikel/m³, TPS Bambe yaitu 4 partikel/m³, TPS Driyorejo yaitu 3 partikel/m³ dan PLTSa Benowo yaitu 3 partikel/m³ dan ukuran mikroplastik di keempat tempat tersebut ialah 133 µm - 3900 µm dengan jenis mikroplastik filament, fragmen, dan fiber.
Identifikasi Kandungan Mikroplastik Pada Saluran Pencernaan Ikan di Kali Porong Sidoarjo
Authors: Sanabila Annisa Inda , Agustina Eva
Published: September 2023

Plastik merupakan salah satu barang yang selalu digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari – hari, terutama oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Dengan sifatnya non – biodegradable menjadikan plastik sebagai penyumbang limbah terbesar yang berdampak pada lingkungan. Tidak heran, apabila seringkali menemukan tumpukan sampah plastik di darat bahkan hingga di lingkungan akuatik seperti laut dan sungai. Pengelolaan sampah plastik di daratan yang belum optimal menjadikan sampah plastik bisa saja dibuang di lingkungan akuatik. Akibatnya, plastik berukuran besar di lingkungan akuatik akan mengalami proses degradasi  menjadi partikel yang sangat kecil atau mikroplastik. Keberadaan mikroplastik di perairan dapat mengganggu organisme yang ada, seperti pada ikan. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan jenis mikroplastik yang terdapat pada saluran pencernaan ikan yang ditemui di Kali Porong Sidoarjo. Adapun beberapa titik lokasi penelitian diambil dari segmen hulu di kawasan Museum Rolak Songo Surabaya, segmen tengah Jembatan Kali Porong dan segmen hilir Marine Tourist Tlocor Jabon Sidoarjo. Jenis mikroplastik yang diperoleh yaitu fiber, film atau filament dan fragmen. Kelimpahan mikroplastik yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu 18,4 partikel/ekor. Dengan adanya penelitian ini maka perlu ditindak lanjuti hingga pada penelitian terkait kadar maksimal mikroplastik pada manusia.
Strategi Komunikasi ECOTON Pada Instagram Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kesadaran Masyarakat Terhadap Pengurangan Plastik Sekali Pakai
Authors: Shafa Meidina Vania , Satyanandani Ketut Anindita , Maulana Arief  , Tonis Afrianto
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai strategi komunikasi ECOTON melalui media sosial instagram sebagai upaya meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pengurangan sampah plastik sekali pakai. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer yang diperoleh dari hasil wawancara beberapa staff legal ECOTON Foundation. Sedangkan data sekunder berupa survey yang diisi oleh responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi pada objek yang dituju. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan instagram ECOTON berhasil dibuktikan sebagai media sosial yang paling sukses menggait publik. Strategi komunikasi yang diterapkan pada laman instagram ECOTON berupa penerapan informasi, hiburan, dan pengetahuan, yang lalu dapat mempengaruhi massanya untuk bergabung bersama ECOTON. Dari strategi yang telah diterapkan pada instagram ecoton, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ECOTON sudah menjalankan strategi komunikasinya dengan baik, sehingga banyak hal-hal berkembang yang pada akhirnya dapat mengikuti trend lingkungan hidup.
Strategi Komunikasi ECOTON dalam Mendapatkan Donatur Melalui Program Crowdfunding di Kitabisa.com
Authors: Prasetyo Dio , Fitriyani Nurul , Bagus Cahyo Shah Adhi Pradana
Published: September 2023

Kehadiran media baru telah memasuki setiap segi kehidupan kita bahkan tidak dipungkiri bahwa dengan adanya media baru cara kita berinteraksi dengan orang lain pun berubah. Kini masyarakat pun dapat melakukan penggalangan dana dengan mudah dan cepat. Mereka dapat menyumbang secara online kapan saja melalui platform-platform yang ada. Hal ini disebut dengan Crowdfunding. Crowdfunding merupakan bentuk penggalangan dana yang melibatkan banyak orang yang dilakukan secara online dan menggunakan platform atau media sosial sebagai alat menjangkaunya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi yang di lakukan LSM ECOTON untuk mendapatkan donatur melalui crowdfunding di Kitabisa.com. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan kuisioner sebagai riset awal. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan Konsep Strategi Komunikasi Public Relations menurut Scott. M. Cutlip. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ECOTON sebagai LSM telah melakukan 1. mengidentifikasi masalah Public Relations 2. Melakukan Perencanaan dan Pemrograman 3. Aksi pengambilan tindakan & komunikasi 4. Evaluasi.
Identifikasi Jenis dan Kelimpahan Mikroplastik pada Perairan di Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Marliantari Sulistina
Published: September 2023

Mikroplastik adalah sampah yang berukuran <5 mm. Mikroplastik terdapat 2 jenis, yakni mikroplastik primer dan mikroplastik sekunder. Mikroplastik primer adalah mikroplastik yang berasal dari pembuatan plastik pada pabrik atau disebut limbah industri, sedangkan mikroplastik sekunder adalah mikroplastik yang berasal dari plastik yang berukuran lebih besar yang terdegradasi karena sinar ultraviolet matahari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan kelimpahan mikroplastik di perairan provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Metode yang digunakan pada saat pengambilan sampel adalah purposive random sampling. Mikroplastik yang dapat ditemukan terdapat 4 jenis, yaitu fiber, filamen, fragmen dan pellet. Niali rata-rata kelimpahan pada masing-masing mikroplastik adalah 0,125 partikel/liter, 0,093 partikel/liter, 0,14 partikel/liter dan 0,017 partikel/liter. Mikroplastik jika terlalu menumpuk pada perairan kana berbahaya bagi ekosistem di perairan, karena mikroplastik akan bisa dimakan oleh organisme di periran, dan jika sampai masuk ke tubuh manusia akan menyebabkan banyak penyakit salah satunya kanker.
Pencemaran Tukad Ayung: Dampak dan Upaya Penanganannya di Bali, 2010-2021
Authors: Rohmah Utia Binti Yuhanni'ur , Basyaiban Muhammad Kholid
Published: September 2023

Pencemaran sungai di Indonesia menjadi isu permasalahan penting bagi lingkungan dan masyarakat, khususnya Tukad Ayung yang berlokasi di Bali. Pencemaran di tukad ini dimulai tahun 2010-2021 yang diakibatkan dari aktivitas masyarakat bagian hulu, tengah, dan hilir. Kajian ini penulis fokuskan pada peristiwa pencemaran Tukad Ayung di Bali dalam periode dari tahun 2010-2021, bagaimana dampak yang dihasilkan dari pencemaran, dan apa saja solusi penanganan pencemaran. Studi ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan melakuakn pembacaan serta pemahaman secara mendalam mengenai beberap fakta berasal dari arsip, berita online, jurnal, laporan kegiatan, dan website resmi BWS. Hasil kajian ini menunjukan bahwa pencemaran Tukad Ayung disbebakan oleh aktivitas masyarakat di bagain hulu, tengah, dan hilir. Di mana hal ini berdampak bagi kesehatan manusia, kehidupan sosial, dan eksositem sungai.
Identifikasi Kelimpahan Mikroplastik di Sekitar Perairan Provinsi Gorontalo
Authors: Argiandini Devita Mega
Published: September 2023

Negara Indonesia sebagian besar memiliki masalah pada bidang perairannya yaitu perairan dengan masalah sampahnya, terutama sampah plastik. Sampah plastik tersebut akan terdegradasi yang nantinya akan menjadi masalah baru yaitu mikroplastik. Identifikasi kelimpahan mikroplastik pada perairan provinsi Gorontalo yang dilakukan di tiga stasiun dengan 6 titik lokasi yang berbeda-beda. Metode pengambilan sampel ini menggunakan  purposive sampling, lalu pada proses identifikasi yaitu dilakukan waterbath dan diamkan selama 24 jam, lalu dilakukan presparasi menggunakan H2O2 sebanyak 30%,FESO4 sebanyak 5 tetes, NACL, dan aquades. Identifikasi mikroplastik menggunakan mikroskop stereo dengan perbesaran 10x4. Hasil identifikasi kelimpahan mikroplastik Provinsi Gorontalo ditemukan jenis filamen, fragmen, pellet, dan fiber. Jenis mikroplastik yang paling banyak mendominasi adalah fragmen
Stochastic goals in financial planning for a two-person household
Authors: Pietrzyk Radosław , Rokita Paweł
Published: September 2023

In household financial planning two types of risk are typically being taken into account. These are life-length risk and risk connected with financing. In addition, also various types of events of insurance character, like health deterioration, are sometimes taken into account. There are, however, no models addressing stochastic nature of household financial goals. The last should not be confused with modelling factors that influence performance of financing the goals, which is a popular research topic. The problem of modelling goals themselves is, in turn, not so well explored. There are two main characteristics that describe a goal: magnitude and time. At least for some goals one or both of these characteristics may show a stochastic nature. This article puts forward a proposition of working goal time and magnitude into a household financial plan and taking their distributions into account when optimizing the plan. A model of two-person household is used. The decision variables of the optimization task are consumption-investment proportion and division of household investments between household members.
An approximation to the optimal subsample allocation for small areas
Authors: Molefe W. B. , Shangodoyin D. K. , Clark R. G.
Published: September 2023

This paper develops allocation methods for stratified sample surveys in which small area estimation is a priority. We assume stratified sampling with small areas as the strata. Similar to Longford (2006), we seek efficient allocation that minimizes a linear combination of the mean squared errors of composite small area estimators and of an estimator of the overall mean. Unlike Longford, we define mean-squared error in a model-assisted framework, allowing a more natural interpretation of results using an intra-class correlation parameter. This allocation has an analytical form for a special case, and has the unappealing property that some strata may be allocated no sample. We derive a Taylor approximation to the stratum sample sizes for small area estimation using composite estimation giving priority to both small area and national estimation.
Ratio-to-regression estimator in successive sampling using one auxiliary variable
Authors: Ralte Zoramthanga , Das Gitasree
Published: September 2023

The problem of estimation of finite population mean on the current occasion based on the samples selected over two occasions has been considered. In this paper, first a chain ratio-to-regression estimator was proposed to estimate the population mean on the current occasion in two-occasion successive (rotation) sampling using only the matched part and one auxiliary variable, which is available in both the occasions. The bias and mean square error of the proposed estimator is obtained. We proposed another estimator, which is a linear combination of the means of the matched and unmatched portion of the sample on the second occasion. The bias and mean square error of this combined estimator is also obtained. The optimum mean square error of this combined estimator was compared with (i) the optimum mean square error of the estimator proposed by Singh (2005) (ii) mean per unit estimator and (iii) combined estimator suggested by Cochran (1977) when no auxiliary information is used on any occasion. Comparisons are made both analytically as well as empirically by using real life data.
In Memoriam Gunnar Kulldorff (1927 –2015) by Risto Lehtonen and Imbi Traat
Authors: Lehtonen Risto , Traat Imbi
Published: September 2023

Gunnar Kulldorff, an influential scientist and leading person in several scientific and professional organizations, passed away on 25 June 2015 in Umeå, Sweden.
Saúde da Mulher - Edição XII
Authors:   Guilherme Barroso Langoni de Freitas,   Ariádine Reder Custodio de Souza,   Egidia Maria Moura de Paulo Martins Vieira,   Michele Emanuelle Barth
Published: September 2023

Dentre os diversos campos de conhecimento que englobam a área médica de saúde da mulher podemos destacar as abordagens ginecológicas, doenças autoimunes, hormonioterapia com seus riscos e benefícios, obstetrícia em seus assuntos mais delicados, os problemas psicológicos decorrentes de alterações fisiológicas ou ambientais. Pensando nisso, o corpo editorial da Editora Pasteur selecionou um conjunto de capítulos escritos com excelência sobre os temas supracitados. Com objetivo de disponibilizar maior conhecimento ao leitor e aumento da discussão sobre temas peculiares dessas pacientes tão especiais. Esperamos que a leitura seja agradável e instrutiva.
NUMERICAL MODELING OF BACKWARD-FACING STEP FLOW VIA COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
Authors: GÖKTEPELİ İlker , ATMACA Ulaş
Published: September 2023

As a fundamental case for problems of fluid mechanics, examination of flow separation and its reattachment is important for engineering applications. Considering the significance of the subject, backward-facing step flow has been modeled via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based on an experimental study previously done at Re = 5000. Steady simulations have been conducted by k-ε Renormalization Group (RNG) considering the same flow conditions of the reference study. Pressure distributions, streamwise and cross-stream velocity components, velocity magnitude values with streamline patterns and turbulence kinetic energy values have been presented by using contour graphics. Furthermore, the stations for pressure distributions, velocity profiles for streamwise components and turbulence kinetic energy values have been defined for evolution of related data. Lower pressure zone for the wake region of the backward-facing step has been attained due to flow separation. Separation of the upstream boundary layer has been seen and it became a curved one. Moreover, turbulence level of the step wake has been obtained as higher than those of any other points. Transition to core flow has been attained at y* = 1.1 that is above the step height. Flow oscillations have been observed for x* ≥ 2 and y* ≤ 1 since the fluctuations for these values were effective in the wake region. To sum up, the dimensionless reattachment length has been numerically obtained as 5.92 which is very good agreement with the experimental results at same Reynolds number. The deviation from the reference results is from 0.34 % to 1.33 %.
18th-Century British Isles
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

This post forms part of my ‘aspects of the novel’ collection. Please do note that these entries, which may appear basic, are simply my own notes on the subject. They implicitly or explicitly describe a canon not of my own making or choosing and replicate this from various sources. The original encyclopaedia articles are far more comprehensive, nuanced and worth consulting.
On PhD vivas and being a supervisor
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

I mustn’t say too much in public about this, for fear of being unprofessional. However, I wanted to jot down a few notes about “being a PhD supervisor” and what it means and what it’s like. I am always terrified when my students come up for viva.
My 2021 year in review
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

2021 was another pretty bad pandemic year, in many ways. For those of us with immune system compromise it was alarming to see a near-wholesale return to “normality” among the general population when our lives remained under extreme threat.
Static site hosting in the cloud should not be this hard in 2022
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

Last weekend I converted my website hosting to an infrastructure-as-code solution. It’s no big deal, I thought. It’s just a static site so it must be really easy to provision this. Surely just some kind of AWS S3 bucket associated with a custom domain? I mean, generated static sites are great. They are fast, lightweight, and virtually un-hackable. Surely it must be easy to deploy this?
Lastpass CLI can't login using master password
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

If you can’t login using the Lastpass CLI tool and it just says “unknown” when you enter your password, there’s a simple fix. Go to My Vault -> Account Settings. In there, press “Show Advanced Settings”. Then set “Password Iterations” to 100100 and follow the procedure. After that, the CLI tool will work again! Lastpass CLI can't login using master password was originally published by Martin Paul Eve at Martin Paul Eve on July 28, 2022.
Andean Novels
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

This post forms part of my ‘aspects of the novel’ collection. Please do note that these entries, which may appear basic, are simply my own notes on the subject. They implicitly or explicitly describe a canon not of my own making or choosing and replicate this from various sources. The original encyclopaedia articles are far more comprehensive, nuanced and worth consulting.
Reloading SQLite databases in Django when there have been external changes
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

My backup application, django-caretaker, has to reload the SQLite database after it has run the import procedure. Basically, we’re using an external tool to recreate (delete and replace) the original SQL file on disk. But Django won’t always reload this. There are three “gotchas” for how to handle this. The first is that you need a reload function.
Using Django ORM, Click, and Rich to create useful command-line python apps
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: September 2023

This is a post to document the setup that I use when I want quickly to create a great functional command-line python application with ORM database support. Django ORM The Django ORM is an incredibly powerful database tool that lets you design models in python and then persist them to the database. Django, though, is primarily a web framework. I don’t want that in a command-line app, but it is possible to use the ORM without other components.
The Open Access Button Needs YOU to Make Research OA
Authors:   OA.Works
Published: September 2023

Join the Open Access Button team as a request system volunteer!
Parasocial communication on social networks: Case study of Novak Đoković and his followers
Authors: Perić Nenad , Jevtović Ana
Published: September 2023

The paper deals with the presentation and analysis of parasocial communications using relevant communication theories and the psychology of media, communications and relationships, because new patterns of choice in communication processes have changed the way an individual enters into social relationships - from given (imposed) to chosen. The approach is expanded with a practical aspect - research into the parasocial communication of Novak Đoković and his followers on the official Facebook page of our tennis player. The period during Roland Garros 2022 was taken for two reasons: it is one of the most important tournaments and the first big one after the break caused by refusing to be vaccinated against Covid/19 virus, which is why Đoković did not participate in two of the four biggest tournaments before that year, and that at the same time he defended the position of the first player on the ATP list, which is why the engagement of followers was more intense than average. The approach is extended with a practical aspect - research into the parasocial communication of Novak Đoković and his followers on his official Facebook page. The ways in which Đoković addresses his fans and the content of his posts on Facebook encourage the development of a sense of closeness and familiarity among the audience. The research proved that parasocial interaction is realized in virtual communication in which Novak Đoković's followers use the opportunity to address him through Facebook and often expect a return reaction. Social networks thus realize their procreative function, which is manifested in parasocial interaction through the exchange of messages, participation, togetherness and feedback simulation. Parasocial relationships are characterized by nonreciprocity, i.e. the fact that only one party knows a lot about the other, while the reverse is not true.
Chaning the importance of military power: The Cold War example
Authors: Jevtić Dragan , Milenković Miloš
Published: September 2023

During the Cold War, the state and defense against military challenges, risks and threats were at the center of the concept of security. Increasing military capabilities was an imperative to step up security. There was a constant drive to strengthen military capabilities, which turned into an arms race. During the Cold War it became apparent that military power would not be enough to win that conflict. The armed component of the war was absent, while other, non-military aspects of the war dominated. Economic and military power had a significant impact on the final outcome of the war. Culture, political values and foreign policy credibility became the main contents of power and influence. For the first time in history, a major war ended without a shot being fired and the victory was not the result of the use of military power. The high military costs of the USSR in the Cold War, especially the high cost of the arms race, produced economic stagnation and reduced the technological level of the general development of society, as the basis on which the country's foreign policy success is achieved. A country's economic growth must be balanced against its goals in military engagements, including those in which major powers have expansionist goals beyond their borders. When great powers tend to expand too much, their internal strength weakens. The excessive expansion and excessive goals of the USSR led to the allocation of over 25% of the national product for the needs of military expenses, which slowed down and eventually stopped economic growth. The allocation of a large part of the national income for military purposes produced great consequences to the development of other forms of power necessary for commercial purposes. Military power lost its importance during the Cold War. With the development of capitalism, states developed other types of power with which they could relativize the importance and diminish the role of military power in relation to their opponent. Strong and powerful states primarily have such opportunities due to their high capacities of total power that they can convert and use adequately at a given moment. Military power has by no means been overcome, but it has proven to be effective and usable in interaction with other forms of power, as a suitable support for smart power, when it has the ability to lead to the desired outcome.
The influence of polyphenols on atherosclerosis development
Authors: Jandrić-Kočič Marijana
Published: September 2023

Polyphenols represent one of the biggest and most widespread groups of secondary plant metabolites with more than 8000 polyphenolic compounds. Fruits, vegetables and beverages such as tea and red wine are the main sources of polyphenols. A significant number of studies indicate the ability of certain polyphenols to delay the development of atherosclerosis. According to the same polyphenols reduce lipid deposition, oxidative stress, inflammation of the blood vessel wall, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial dysfunction. The widespread use of polyphenols requires further research on bioavailability, absorption and transformation. It is necessary to determine the effect of individual polyphenols as well as the interaction with other bioactive compounds, define the dietary reference intake and the safety of use in certain subpopulations.
Steroid-resistant Graves' orbitopathy: Therapeutic options
Authors: Klet Sanja , Marković Bojan , Janić Tamara , Stojković Mirjana , Ćirić Jasmina , Nedeljković-Beleslin Biljana , Žarković Miloš
Published: September 2023

Graves orbitopathy is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of autoimmune hyperthyroidism, although it can rarely occur in euthyroid and hypothyroid patients. TSH-receptor antibodies and insulin-like growth factor-1 play a significant role in the pathogenesis of orbitopathy, and orbital fibroblasts are the central site of their action. In addition to the mentioned autoantibodies, T and B lymphocytes, as well as various cytokines, participate in this complex immune process. As the final product of this immune cascade, there is proliferation of fibroblasts, secretion of glycosaminoglycans, differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and adipocytes, which is responsible for the appearance of the clinical presentation of orbitopathy. Before starting the therapy, it is necessary to perform a clinical assessment of orbitopathy, which is based on an assessment of the activity and severity of the disease, as well as an assessment of the patient's quality of life. The activity of orbitopathy is assessed based on the clinical activity score. For the severity of the disease the NOSPECS classification, and for the quality of life assessment the specific questionnaire of the European Group for Graves' Orbitopathy can be used. Based on the obtained data, orbitopathy is classified as active/inactive, mild/moderate-to-severe/severe. Treatment of Graves orbitopathy can be specific or supportive. The specific treatment will depend on the degree of clinical activity and severity of the disease, and the degree of impaired quality of life is taken as an additional factor when choosing individual therapy. Intravenous glucocorticoids are the most frequently used first-line therapy for active, moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy, however, a certain number of patients respond poorly to the applied therapy. In such patients, the use of a second line of treatment is indicated. The most commonly used second line of therapy in our country for active, moderate-to-severe glucocorticoid-resistant GO is tocilizumab. We presented a patient with autoimmune thyroid disease who presented with primary hypothyroidism, in whom, despite the use of intravenous glucocorticoids on two occasions, maintained active, moderateto-severe orbitopathy, and therefore the treatment was continued with biological therapy (tocilizumab). A significant beneficial therapeutic effect was achieved with the applied therapy.
The factors of geographical representation in a closed list PR system: The case of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Bursać Dejan
Published: September 2023

The author maps the patterns of geographical representation in the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia over the last nine electoral cycles, since the year 2000. During that period, a closed-list PR system is implemented in Serbian elections, within a single nationwide constituency. According to the theoretical expectations, such a system is unsuitable for equal geographical representation, because voters choose national lists as a whole, without affecting the order of the candidates, so the system does not provide incentives for parties to offer regionally balanced lists. However, even within that framework, a significant number of elected representatives come from different local subdivisions. Within districts as this paper's level of analysis, the author is determining underrepresentation and overrepresentation patterns, as well as potential demographic, economic, or geographical factors affecting the representation ratio, i.e. the share of elected representatives in relation to the share of the district's population.
Factors associated with involuntary hospitalization
Authors: Novaković Emilija , Stašević-Karličić Ivana , Stojanović-Tasić Mirjana , Novaković Tatjana , Milošević Jovana , Đorđević Vladan
Published: September 2023

In clinical practice, involuntary hospitalization in psychiatry is a procedure that patients with severe mental disorders are subject to due to the inability to make rational treatment decisions.. The prevalence of involuntary hospitalizations varies widely within and between countries. Involuntary admission to a hospital for psychiatric treatment can be life-saving and may be considered beneficial to some people in the long run. However, the experience of involuntary treatment can be traumatic, intimidating, stigmatizing, and lead to long-term avoidance of mental health services and an increased risk of rehospitalization. In this paper, we have considered the risk factors for involuntary hospitalizations and their frequency in the region and Europe.
Lichen planus disseminatus partim vesiculosus after COVID-19 vaccine
Authors: Milosavljević Dragica , Relić Milijana , Stojanović-Tasić Mirjana
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Lichen planus is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that can be associated with infections, drugs and vaccines. As concerning the potential triggering effect of vaccine, there is evidence a few cases of new-onset lichen planus that appeared after COVID vaccine, particularly the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine. Case report: This report is a case of a newonset lichen planus triggered by the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine administration in a healthy young female. Dermatological examination revealed polygonal, itchy, erythematous papules on trunk, upper and lower limbs, that coalesced into brownish plaques in the ankles, flexural wrist and knee. No mucosal involvement was noted. In view of the clinical picture, the timing of the skin eruption with respect to the vaccine and the histopathologic findings, a vaccine-induced lichen planus triggered by the COVID-19 vaccine has been diagnosed. Conclusion: Lichen planus or lichenoid-like eruption as a cutaneous manifestation following COVID-19 vaccines are rare, and the pathogenesis for its development is still unclear. Clinical trials showed that the leading vaccines upregulate Tcell response (Th1) and incrementing inflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as lichen planus. Although we still do not completely understand its pathogenesis, dermatologists should be aware of the possibility and keep an eye out for worsening or debut of this disease after the COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccinated patients should be monitored for skin manifestations, and dermatological evaluation should be offered, when needed.
Differential diagnosis distinction of nummular headache and Lichen planopilaris
Authors: Filipović-Danić Snežana , Mitrović Vekoslav , Milošević Nenad , Stevanović Aleksandar
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Nummular headache is a type of primary headache of chronic character, with a large number of described varieties in the clinical picture, and therefore the differential diagnostic consideration must include a large number of disorders related to changes in epicranial structures. Certain dermatological disorders can also include pain in a limited area of the scalp with itching, burning or burning sensation, such as Lichen Planopilaris. Case report: This is a report of a patient who was initially diagnosed with Lichen planopilaris, but after determining the parameters of the distinction and the necessary additional diagnostic procedures, a diagnosis of Nummular headache was made. Conclusion: In this presentation, we have presented another important differential diagnostic item and we believe that the work is a small contribution to everyday practice, but also to further research.
Anaesthetic management of separation of omphalopagus conjoined twins: A case report
Authors: Sharma Ankita , Kumar Harish , Kaushal Ashutosh
Published: September 2023

Conjoined twins are a rare congenital anomaly. The extent of organ sharing and cross circulation between twins determine the possibility and prognosis of a separation procedure. In this case anaesthetic management for successful separation of omphalopagus conjoined twins at day three of life is presented. Authors emphasise the importance of an integrated approach, thorough preoperative evaluation and planning, vigilant intraoperative monitoring and anticipation and management of complications like hypothermia, hypotension, hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia and postoperative concerns and care.
The correlation between aminotransferase enzyme levels, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, absolute lymphocyte count and the severity of Covid-19
Authors: Al Sas , Santosa Budi , Suromo Lisyani , Pranata Satriya
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) are indicators that are widely used as a determinant of the prognosis of patients with viral pneumonia. Thus, the study aim was to prove the correlation between AST/ALT, NLR and ALC levels with the severity of COVID-19. Methods: The research method was carried out by collecting medical record data of positive COVID-19 patients who were hospitalised at the Indramayu Hospital in the period September 2020 - January 2021. Results: The results showed normal AST levels in 63 and elevated AST levels in 57 patients. Normal and elevated ALT levels were in 68 and 52 patients, respectively. The normal NLR was in 102 patients and the high NLR was in 18 patients. The low and normal ALC was in 19 and 101 patients, respectively. AST levels correlated with the severity of COVID-19 (p = 0.045). Other parameters were without statistical significance (p > 0.05). Conclusion: AST enzyme levels had a weak positive correlation with the severity of COVID-19. On the other hand, ALT, NLR and ALC had not correlated with the severity of COVID-19.
Evaluation of nephrolithometric scoring systems to predict outcomes and complications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn stone
Authors: Yilmaz Mehmet , Çil Gökhan
Published: September 2023

Background/Aim: Urinary system stone disease develops with a frequency of 1-20 % in the general population. There are various surgical methods and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a commonly used treatment method, especially in large, staghorn kidney stones. Aim of this study was compare stone nomograms in forecasting operative and complicating parameters subsequent to PCNL in staghorn stones. Methods: The study analysed 66 patients with staghorn stones who underwent PCNL between 2017 and 2022, retrospectively. The researcher evaluated the Guy, S.T.O.N.E. and CROSS nephrolithotomy scores in patients using non-contrast computed tomography. The Clavien Dindo Classification was used to evaluate the surgical complication. Results: The mean stone burden, GUY, S.T.O.N.E. and CROES scores were 1114.9 ± 520.18 mm²; 3.64 ± 0.48; 10.11 ± 1.2 and 142.9 ± 31.99, respectively. Total stone-free status (SFS) was achieved in 37.9 % of the patients, while the median stone clearance rate was 93.74 (50-100). While no statistical significance was observed between GUY score and SFS, it was observed in S.T.O.N.E. and CROES scores (p = 0.020 and 0.004, respectively). ROC analysis showed that CROES and S.T.O.N.E. scoring systems and the stone burden parameter showed similar accuracy in the estimation of SFS. The results showed that only the S.T.O.N.E. score showed a significant relationship with the presence of complications (p = 0.034). Conclusion: If the percutaneous nephrolithotomy for staghorn stones in question is, current scoring systems alone couldn't be predictive for postoperative outcomes and degree of complications. Further large scale multicentre prospective studies are needful.