bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stereotactic body radiation therapy for the treatment of early-stage minimally invasive adenocarcinoma or adenocarcnioma in situ (formerly bronchioloalveolar carcinoma): a patterns of failure analysis
Authors: Badiyan Shahed N , Bierhals Andrew J , Olsen Jeffrey R , Creach Kimberly M , Garsa Adam A , DeWees Todd , Bradley Jeffrey D , Robinson Clifford G
Published: January 2013

Introduction

Ongoing prospective trials exploring stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often exclude minimally invasive adenocarcinoma or adenocarcnioma in situ, formerly bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC), due to concerns for accurate target delineation on CT. We performed a patterns of failure analysis to compare outcomes between BAC and other NSCLC subtypes.

Methods

One hundred twenty patients with early stage NSCLC were treated with SBRT from 2004–2009. Pathologic confirmation of NSCLC was obtained in 97 patients. Radiotherapy was delivered according to RTOG guidelines. The log-rank test was used to compare outcomes between BAC and other NSCLC.

Results

Median follow-up was 29 months. The median SBRT dose was 5400 cGy. Thirteen patients had radiographically diagnosed BAC and five patients had biopsy confirmed BAC, of which two had both. The three-year local control was 100% for biopsy-proven or radiographically diagnosed BAC (n = 18) and 86% for all other NSCLC subtypes (n = 102) (p = 0.13). Likewise, no significant difference was detected between BAC and other NSCLC for 3-year regional failure (12% vs. 20%, p = 0.45), progression-free survival (57.6% vs. 53.5%, p = 0.84) or overall survival (35% vs. 47%, p = 0.66). There was a trend towards lower three-year rates of freedom from distant failure in patients with any diagnosis of BAC compared to those without (26% vs. 38%, p = 0.053).

Conclusions

Compared to other NSCLC subtypes, BAC appears to have similar patterns of failure and survival after treatment with SBRT, however there may be an increased risk of distant metastases with BAC. RTOG guideline-based target delineation provides encouraging local control rates for patients with BAC.
New eco-friendly animal bone meal catalysts for preparation of chalcones and aza-Michael adducts
Authors: Riadi Yassine , Abrouki Younes , Mamouni Rachid , El Haddad Mohammadine , Routier Sylvain , Guillaumet Gérald , Lazar Saïd
Published: January 2013

Two efficient reactions were successfully carried out using Animal Bone Meal (ABM) and potassium fluoride or sodium nitrate doped ABMs as new heterogeneous catalysts under very mild conditions. After preparation and characterization of the catalysts, we first report their use in a simple and convenient synthesis of various chalcones by Claisen–Schmidt condensation and then in an aza-Michael addition involving several synthesized chalcones with aromatic amines. All the reactions were carried out at room temperature in methanol; the chalcone synthesis was also achieved in water environment under microwave irradiation. Doping ABM enhances the rate and yield at each reaction. Catalytic activities are discussed and the ability to re-use the ABM is demonstrated.

Results

For Claisen–Schmidt the use of ABM alone, yields never exceeded 17%. In each entry, KF/ABM and NaNO3/ABM (79-97%) gave higher yields than using ABM alone under thermic condition. Also the reaction proceeded under microwave irradiation in good yields (72-94% for KF/ABM and 81-97% for NaNO3/ABM) and high purity. For aza-Michael addition the use of ABM doped with KF or NaNO3 increased the catalytic activity remarkably. The very high yields could be noted (84-95% for KF/ABM and 81-94% for NaNO3/ABM).

Conclusion

The present method is an efficient and selective procedure for the synthesis of chalcones an aza-Michael adducts. The ABM and doped ABMs are a new, inexpensive and attractive solid supports which can contribute to the development of catalytic processes and reduced environmental problems.
Influence of compensation status on time off work after carpal tunnel release and rotator cuff surgery: a meta-analysis
Authors: de Moraes Vinícius Ynoe , Godin Katelyn , dos Santos João Baptista Gomes , Faloppa Flávio , Bhandari Mohit , Belloti João Carlos
Published: January 2013

Background

The assessment of post-surgical outcomes among patients with Workers’ Compensation is challenging as their results are typically worse compared to those who do not receive this compensation. These patients’ time to return to work is a relevant outcome measure as it illustrates the economic and social implications of this phenomenon. In this meta-analysis we aimed to assess the influence of this factor, comparing compensated and non-compensated patients.

Findings

Two authors independently searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL, Google Scholar, LILACS and the Cochrane Library and also searched for references from the retrieved studies. We aimed to find prospective studies that compared carpal tunnel release and elective rotator cuff surgery outcomes for Workers’ Compensation patients versus their non-compensated counterparts. We assessed the studies’ quality using the Guyatt & Busse Risk of Bias Tool. Data collection was performed to depict included studies characteristics and meta-analysis. Three studies were included in the review. Two of these studies assessed the outcomes following carpal tunnel release while the other focused on rotator cuff repair. The results demonstrated that time to return to work was longer for patients that were compensated and that there was a strong association between this outcome and compensation status - Standard Mean Difference, 1.35 (IC 95%; 0.91-1.80, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study demonstrated that compensated patients have a longer return to work time following carpal tunnel release and elective rotator cuff surgery, compared to patients who did not receive compensation. Surgeons and health providers should be mindful of this phenomenon when evaluating the prognosis of a surgery for a patient receiving compensation for their condition.

Type of study/level of evidence

Meta-analysis of prospective Studies/ Level III
Upregulation of excitatory neurons and downregulation of inhibitory neurons in barrel cortex are associated with loss of whisker inputs
Authors: Zhang Guanjun , Gao Zilong , Guan Sudong , Zhu Yan , Wang Jin-Hui
Published: January 2013

Loss of a sensory input causes the hypersensitivity in other modalities. In addition to cross-modal plasticity, the sensory cortices without receiving inputs undergo the plastic changes. It is not clear how the different types of neurons and synapses in the sensory cortex coordinately change after input deficits in order to prevent loss of their functions and to be used for other modalities. We studied this subject in the barrel cortices from whiskers-trimmed mice vs. controls. After whisker trimming for a week, the intrinsic properties of pyramidal neurons and the transmission of excitatory synapses were upregulated in the barrel cortex, but inhibitory neurons and GABAergic synapses were downregulated. The morphological analyses indicated that the number of processes and spines in pyramidal neurons increased, whereas the processes of GABAergic neurons decreased in the barrel cortex. The upregulation of excitatory neurons and the downregulation of inhibitory neurons boost the activity of network neurons in the barrel cortex to be high levels, which prevent the loss of their functions and enhances their sensitivity to sensory inputs. These changes may prepare for attracting the innervations from sensory cortices and/or peripheral nerves for other modalities during cross-modal plasticity.
A systematic evaluation of whole genome amplification of bisulfite-modified DNA
Authors: Bundo Miki , Sunaga Fumiko , Ueda Junko , Kasai Kiyoto , Kato Tadafumi , Iwamoto Kazuya
Published: January 2013

Background

Studying DNA methylation profiles in detail should be the first step in epigenetic research. Although sodium bisulfite modification of genomic DNA is the gold standard method for DNA methylation analysis, this method results in the loss of the majority of the DNA material. Whole genome amplification (WGA) of bisulfite-modified DNA is expected to provide a rich source of materials, but its validity has not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the extent of biased amplification in the WGA of bisulfite-modified DNA and the reproducibility of independent WGA reactions. We performed the multiple displacement amplification-based WGA separately three times. Each experiment included two reactions using 10 or 50 ng of bisulfite-modified DNA as template. DNA methylation levels were compared between WGA products and original bisulfite-modified DNA at about 450,000 CpG sites.

Results

Using a sufficient amount of bisulfite-modified DNA for WGA was critical for downstream application. The considerable deviations from original bisulfite-modified DNA were found in the middle range of DNA methylation levels. Distribution of hyper- and hypomethylation were equal, which suggested that the deviation at each CpG site occurred randomly. Averaging the data from independently amplified WGA products dramatically improved the overall quality.

Conclusions

WGA of bisulfite-modified DNA could be a valuable tool for epigenetic research, but careful experimental design and data interpretation are required.
Use of linseed oil to treat experimentally induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca in rabbits
Authors: Neves Magda Luzia , Yamasaki Letícia , Sanches Osimar de Carvalho , do Amaral Marcelo Sávio Paiva , Stevanin Helaine , Giuffrida Rogério , Candido Eudes Ramalho , Góes Jonatas Eduardo , Zulim Luís Felipe da Costa , Schweigert Augusto , Fukui Rosimery Missuzu , Meirelles Carlos Collares , Sasaki Carolina Akemi , Andrade Silvia Franco
Published: January 2013

Background

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various linseed oil (LO) preparations (oral, topical, oral and topical combined) in treating experimentally induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in rabbits. Twenty male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four groups: group C (control), group OLO (oral LO), group TLO (topical LO), and group OTLO (oral and topical LO). The animals were evaluated weekly using Schirmer's tear test (STT), fluorescein test (FT), and Rose Bengal test (RBT) and were euthanized at the end of the experiment for histopathological analysis.

Findings

There were significant improvements in the parameters analyzed (STT, FT, and RBT) and in the histopathological finding in all of the groups using LO.

Conclusions

The analyzed results demonstrate that LO, administered orally or topically, was effective in treating experimentally induced KCS in rabbits, although combined oral and topical LO did not show additional benefits greater than those with a single route of administration.
Nuclear imaging of inflammation: homing-associated molecules as targets
Authors: Autio Anu , Jalkanen Sirpa , Roivainen Anne
Published: January 2013

The golden standard in nuclear medicine imaging of inflammation is the use of autologous radiolabeled leukocytes. Although their diagnostic accuracy is precise, the preparation of the leukocytes is both laborious and potentially hazardous for laboratory personnel. Molecules involved in leukocyte migration (homing-associated molecules) could serve as targets for the development of imaging agents for inflammation. An excellent target would be a molecule that is absent or expressed at low levels in healthy tissues, but is present or upregulated at the sites of inflammation. In this paper, we will review the literature concerning the use of homing-associated molecules as imaging targets. We will especially concentrate on vascular adhesion protein-1 due to the promising results regarding its use as a target for the imaging of inflammation.
Effect of dietary flaxseed oil level on the growth performance and fatty acid composition of fingerlings of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Authors: Masiha Ali , Mahboobi Soofiani Nasrollah , Ebrahimi Eisa , Kadivar Mahdi , Karimi Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2013

This study evaluated the suitability of flaxseed oil as a source of supplemental dietary lipid for fingerlings of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Triplicate groups of the 30 fingerlings held under identical culture conditions were fed twice daily by iso-nitrogenous, iso-calorific and iso-lipidic diets for 8 weeks. Experimental diets consisted of 30.2% protein, 18.6 kJ g-1 energy and 16.5% lipid from fish oil (FO), flaxseed oil (FxO) and 1:1 blends of the oils (FFxO). Moisture, ash, protein, final body weight, specific growth rate, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, survival and hepatosomatic index were not affected by treatments but the percent of lipids was significantly highest in fish fed the flaxseed oil diet (FxOD). The condition factors of fingerlings reared on FxOD and fish and flaxseed oils diet (FFxOD) were significantly lower than those fed the fish oil diet (FOD). Protein efficiency ratio (PER) was significantly higher than those fed the FOD and FFxOD. Whole body fatty acid compositions mirrored those of diet treatments. The highest amounts of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) were detected in fish fed 100% FO, which was significantly different from other treatments. In all treatments polyunsaturated fatty acids/saturated fatty acids (PUFAs/SFAs) and n-6/n-3 ratios were higher than 0.45 and lower than 4, respectively. Present results indicate the fingerlings can be reared on diets in which FO has been replaced with FxO, with no significant effects on fish performance.
Adult mental health disorders and their age at onset
Authors: Jones P. B.
Published: January 2013

The study of age at onset of mental health disorders is technically and conceptually difficult. It is important to consider these age distributions in order to understand causes and mechanisms of illness and to intervene at an appropriate juncture for primary and secondary prevention. This article reviews some of the approaches to studying age at onset, sets out the evidence to support the assertion that adult mental disorders begin in adolescence, and finds that perhaps half of all adult mental health disorders have begun by the teenage years. The paper then discusses whether this fits what is known about the developmental neurobiology of the brain and introduces the implications for mental health services.
Prevention and early intervention for borderline personality disorder: current status and recent evidence
Authors: Chanen Andrew M. , McCutcheon Louise
Published: January 2013

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a leading candidate for developing empirically based prevention and early intervention programmes because it is common in clinical practice, it is among the most functionally disabling of all mental disorders, it is often associated with help-seeking, and it has been shown to respond to intervention, even in those with established disorder. Moreover, it can be reliably diagnosed in its early stages and it demarcates a group with high levels of current and future morbidity and mortality. Data also suggest considerable flexibility and malleability of BPD traits in youth, making this a key developmental period during which to intervene. Novel indicated prevention and early intervention programmes have shown that BPD in young people responds to intervention. Further work is required to develop appropriate universal and selective preventive interventions.
On the Real Effects of Bank Bailouts: Micro Evidence from Japan
Authors: Giannetti Mariassunta , Simonov Andrei
Published: January 2013

Exploiting the Japanese banking crisis of the 1990s as a laboratory, we investigate the effects of bank bailouts on the supply of credit and the performance of banks' clients. Our findings indicate that the size of capital injections relative to the initial financial condition of banks is crucial for the success of bank bailouts. Capital injections that are large enough to reestablish bank capital requirements increase the supply of credit and spur investment. In contrast, not only do capital injections that are too small fail to increase the supply of credit, but they also encourage the evergreening of nonperforming loans. (JEL E44, G21, G28, G32, G34)
Stroke caused auditory attention deficits in children
Authors: Elias Karla Maria Ibraim da Freiria , Moura-Ribeiro Maria Valeriana Leme de
Published: January 2013

OBJECTIVE: To verify the auditory selective attention in children with stroke. METHODS: Dichotic tests of binaural separation (non-verbal and consonant-vowel) and binaural integration - digits and Staggered Spondaic Words Test (SSW) - were applied in 13 children (7 boys), from 7 to 16 years, with unilateral stroke confirmed by neurological examination and neuroimaging. RESULTS: The attention performance showed significant differences in comparison to the control group in both kinds of tests. In the non-verbal test, identifications the ear opposite the lesion in the free recall stage was diminished and, in the following stages, a difficulty in directing attention was detected. In the consonant- vowel test, a modification in perceptual asymmetry and difficulty in focusing in the attended stages was found. In the digits and SSW tests, ipsilateral, contralateral and bilateral deficits were detected, depending on the characteristics of the lesions and demand of the task. CONCLUSION: Stroke caused auditory attention deficits when dealing with simultaneous sources of auditory information.
Mortality is higher in patients with leptomeningeal metastasis in spinal cord tumors
Authors: Gepp Ricardo de Amoreira , Couto José Mauro Cardoso , Silva Maria Dorvalina da , Quiroga Marco Rolando Sainz
Published: January 2013

Spinal cord tumors are a rare neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS). The occurrence of metastases is related to poor prognosis. The authors analyzed one series of metastasis cases and their associated mortality. METHODS: Clinical characteristics were studied in six patients with intramedullary tumors with metastases in a series of 71 surgical cases. RESULTS: Five patients had ependymomas of which two were WHO grade III. The patient with astrocytoma had a grade II histopathological classification. Two patients required shunts for hydrocephalus. The survival curve showed a higher mortality than the general group of patients with no metastases in the CNS (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Mortality is elevated in patients with metastasis and greater than in patients with only primary lesions. The ependymomas, regardless of their degree of anaplasia, are more likely to cause metastasis than spinal cord astrocytomas.
A new species of Portanus (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Xestocephalinae) from Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Adenomar N. de
Published: January 2013

Portanus Ball, 1932 comprises 45 species that occur in Brazil, including Portanus felixi sp. nov. described and illustrated herein. The genus is close to Paraportanus Carvalho & Cavichioli, 2009 and can be distinguished from it by having a transversal groove on the basal third of the subgenital plates. The new species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the characters of male genitalia, especially by the pygofer with the apical process pointed, sclerotized and dorso-ventrally directed; and by the aedeagus with apodeme on the basal third.
Ciclo gametogênico e comportamento reprodutivo de Iphigenia brasiliana (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Donacidae) no estuário do rio Subaé, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Silva Patrícia P. , Peso-Aguiar Marlene C. , Ribeiro Gabriel
Published: January 2013

Este estudo teve como objetivos descrever o ciclo gametogênico e o comportamento reprodutivo da população de Iphigenia brasiliana (Lamarck,1818) no estuário do rio Subaé, Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia. Os bivalves foram coletados de novembro de 2001 a novembro de 2002. Um total de 244 espécimes foi medido (eixo anteroposterior), eviscerado, fixado, desidratado e incluído em parafina. O estudo histológico das gônadas foi realizado através de cortes seriados do tecido gonadal, de 5 mm de espessura, e corados pela HE. O tamanho médio mínimo da primeira maturação sexual (Lpm) foi estimado a partir da distribuição das frequências relativas de jovens e adultos, por classe de comprimento dos indivíduos. As frequências relativas dos sexos em cada estádio de desenvolvimento foram consideradas conjuntamente para a análise do comportamento reprodutivo da população, e, em separado, para avaliar a sincronia do ciclo sexual entre machos e fêmeas. Foi observada uma variação de tamanhos entre 9,1 e 66,6 mm, com comprimento médio de 50,2 mm. O estudo não demonstrou diferença significativa entre os tamanhos de machos e fêmeas. Não foi possível observar a diferenciação de sexos em 2,1% dos indivíduos analisados. 51,6% dos indivíduos foram identificados como machos (M) e 46,3% como fêmeas (F), não sendo constatadas diferenças significativas entre o número médio de machos e fêmeas, resultando numa proporção de M:F de 1,1:1. O Lpm foi estimado em 11,4 mm, mas apenas ao alcançarem comprimento médio de 34,4 mm, todos os indivíduos foram considerados adultos. Foram caracterizados quatro estádios de evolução do desenvolvimento gonadal em fêmeas e machos. A análise dos diferentes estádios permitiu a observação dos fenômenos de atresia e inversão sexual em fêmeas. O ciclo reprodutivo apresentou eliminação contínua de gametas, com maiores intensidades reprodutivas nos meses de novembro de 2001 a abril de 2002 e, também, no mês de outubro de 2002.
Soil fauna as an indicator of soil quality in forest stands, pasture and secondary forest
Authors: Cunha Neto Felipe Vieira da , Correia Maria Elizabeth Fernandes , Pereira Guilherme Henrique Almeida , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Leles Paulo Sérgio dos Santos
Published: January 2013

The interactions between soil invertebrates and environmental variations are relatively unknown in the assessment of soil quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil quality in areas with different soil management systems, based on soil fauna as indicator, in Além Paraíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The soil invertebrate community was sampled using pitfall traps, in the dry and rainy seasons, from areas with five vegetation types (acacia, mimosa, eucalyptus, pasture, and secondary forest). The abundance of organisms and the total and average richness, Shannon's diversity index, the Pielou uniformity index, and change index V were determined. The fauna was most abundant in the areas of secondary forest and mimosa plantations in the dry season (111.3 and 31.7 individuals per trap per day, respectively). In the rainy season, the abundance of organisms in the three vegetation types did not differ. The highest values of average and total richness were recorded in the secondary forest in the dry season and in the mimosa stand in the rainy season. Shannon's index ranged from 1.57 in areas with acacia and eucalyptus in the rainy season to 3.19 in the eucalyptus area in the dry season. The uniformity index was highest in forest stands (eucalyptus, acacia and mimosa) in the dry season, but higher in the rainy season in the pasture and secondary forest than in the forest stands. The change index V indicated that the percentage of extremely inhibited groups was lowest in the area with mimosa, both in the dry and rainy season (36 and 23 %, respectively). Of all forest stands, the mimosa area had the most abundant soil fauna.
Pressão de preconsolidação como ferramenta de análise da sustentabilidade estrutural de classes de solos com diferentes usos
Authors: Iori Piero , Silva Reginaldo Barboza da , Dias Júnior Moacir de Souza , Lima José Maria de
Published: January 2013

O principal problema ambiental causado pelo uso do solo em áreas de preservação permanente longitudinais aos rios é a supressão da mata ciliar. O tipo e a intensidade desse uso alteram a estrutura do solo e comprometem as funções físicas dessas áreas, principalmente próximo aos cursos d'água. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a sustentabilidade estrutural, a partir do ensaio de compressão uniaxial, de três classes de solo (Cambissolo Háplico, Argissolo Amarelo e Gleissolo Háplico) e o impacto de diferentes tipos de usos do solo - não permitido pela legislação ambiental - de áreas de preservação permanente na sub-bacia do rio Ribeira de Iguape, SP. Foram delimitadas na área experimental três classes de solo: Cambissolo, Argissolo e Gleissolo. Numa primeira etapa, compararam-se as três classes de solos sob mata nativa e sob pastagem. Na segunda, avaliou-se a influência de diferentes tipos de uso do solo - cultivo de banana, pastagem degradada, uso silvipastoril e mata nativa - sobre a estrutura de um Cambissolo. A pressão de preconsolidação mostrou-se ferramenta capaz de identificar a degradação nos solos. O uso do solo nas áreas de preservação permanente altera a pressão de preconsolidação do solo, causando sua degradação estrutural, colocando em risco a sustentabilidade das terras, e não deve ser permitido. O Gleissolo mostrou maiores valores de pressão de preconsolidação em função de teores crescentes de água e, portanto, maior capacidade de suporte de carga em relação ao Cambissolo e Argissolo. O cultivo de banana foi o tipo de uso que mais degradou os solos das áreas de preservação permanente.
Particulate soil organic carbon and stratification ratio increases in response to crop residue decomposition under no-till
Authors: Briedis Clever , Sá João Carlos de Moraes , De-Carli Roberto Simão , Antunes Erielton Aparecido Pupo , Simon Lucas , Romko Marielle Leticia , Elias Lucio Schenekenberg , Ferreira Ademir de Oliveira
Published: January 2013

In soils under no-tillage (NT), the continuous crop residue input to the surface layer leads to carbon (C) accumulation. This study evaluated a soil under NT in Ponta Grossa (State of Paraná, Brazil) for: 1) the decomposition of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) residues, 2) relation of the biomass decomposition effect with the soil organic carbon (SOC) content, the particulate organic carbon (POC) content, and the soil carbon stratification ratio (SR) of an Inceptisol. The assessments were based on seven samplings (t0 to t6) in a period of 160 days of three transects with six sampling points each. The oat dry biomass was 5.02 Mg ha-1 at t0, however, after 160 days, only 17.8 % of the initial dry biomass was left on the soil surface. The SOC in the 0-5 cm layer varied from 27.56 (t0) to 30.07 g dm-3 (t6). The SR increased from 1.33 to 1.43 in 160 days. There was also an increase in the POC pool in this period, from 8.1 to 10.7 Mg ha-1. The increase in SOC in the 0-5 cm layer in the 160 days was mainly due to the increase of POC derived from oat residue decomposition. The linear relationship between SOC and POC showed that 21 % of SOC was due to the more labile fraction. The results indicated that the continuous input of residues could be intensified to increase the C pool and sequestration in soils under NT.
Compared boron uptake and translocation in cotton cultivars
Authors: Bogiani Júlio César , Rosolem Ciro Antônio
Published: January 2013

The mobility of boron (B), a commonly deficient micronutrient in cotton, has been shown to be low in the plant phloem. Nevertheless, studies have indicated that cotton cultivars can respond differently to B application. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to compare B absorption and mobility in cotton cultivars grown in nutrient solution. Treatments consisted of three cotton cultivars (FMT 701, DP 604BG and FMX 993), and five B rates (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 µmol L-1). Plant growth and development were monitored for four weeks from the appearance of the first square. The time of onset and severity of B deficiency symptoms varied among cotton cultivars. Initial B uptake of cv. DP 604BG was lower than of the other cultivars, but a greater amount of available B in the nutrient solution was required to prevent deficiency symptoms in this cultivar. Boron deficiency impairs cotton growth, with no differences among cultivars, regardless of the time of appearance and intensity of B deficiency symptoms.
Sensitivity of yellow passion fruit to ultraviolet-B radiation
Authors: Cechin Inês , Rocha Valéria de Jesus , Fumis Terezinha de Fátima
Published: January 2013

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of UV-B radiation on the vegetative growth and on the gas exchange characteristics of passion fruit plants (Passiflora edulis) grown in greenhouse. The average unweighted UV-B radiation near the apex of the plants was 8 W m-2 for the UV-B treatment (high UV-B), and 0.8 W m-2 for the control plants (low UV-B). Plants were irradiated with UV-B for 7 hours per day, centered on solar noon, during 16 days. High UV-B radiation resulted in lower shoot dry matter accumulation per plant. The content of UV-B absorbing compounds and anthocyanins was increased in the plants exposed to high UV-B radiation, when compared with the control. UV-B radiation did not affect stomatal conductance or transpiration rate, but reduced photosynthesis and instantaneous water-use efficiency, and increased intercellular CO2 concentration. The accumulation of UV-B-absorbing compounds and anthocyanins did not effectively shield plants from supplementary UV-B radiation, since the growth and photosynthetic processes were significantly reduced.
Ácido cianídrico em tecidos de mandioca em função da idade da planta e adubação nitrogenada
Authors: Oliveira Natália Trajano de , Uchôa Sandra Cátia Pereira , Alves José Maria Arcanjo , Sediyama Tocio , Albuquerque José de Anchieta Alves de , Souza Everton Diel , Melville Cirano Cruz
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o teor de ácido cianídrico em tecidos de mandioca, em função da idade da planta e níveis de adubação nitrogenada. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 30, 60, 150 e 330 kg ha-1) foram alocadas nas parcelas, e as épocas de avaliação (90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300 e 360 dias após o plantio), nas subparcelas. Os teores de ácido cianídrico foram avaliados em tecidos da folha, caule, polpa e córtex da raiz da cultivar Aciolina. Os efeitos das doses de N e das épocas de avaliação foram independentes. Doses entre 219 e 241 kg ha-1 de N em cobertura proporcionam os maiores teores de ácido cianídrico, que variaram de 332 a 401 mg kg-1 de matéria fresca nos tecidos avaliados. O teor de ácido cianídrico nos tecidos reduz-se linearmente com a idade da planta. O córtex da raiz acumula o maior teor de ácido cianídrico, e a polpa da raiz o menor. Por ocasião da colheita, aos 360 dias após o plantio, essa cultivar é classificada como mandioca mansa.
Capacidade de restabelecimento da grama-estrela-africana após aplicação de glifosato em pré-semeadura de milho
Authors: Brighenti Alexandre Magno , Martins Carlos Eugênio , Souza Sobrinho Fausto , Rocha Wadson Sebastião Duarte da , Calsavara Leonardo Henrique Ferreira , Nicodemos Lucas de Cássio
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade de restabelecimento de pastagem de grama-estrela-africana (Cynodon nlemfuensis) após aplicação do herbicida glifosato, na pré-semeadura da cultura do milho. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: doses do equivalente ácido (e.a.) do herbicida glifosato (0, 720, 1.440, 2.160, 2.880 e 3.600 g ha-1) e a testemunha capinada. A grama-estrela-africana é tolerante às doses normalmente recomendadas do herbicida (720 a 1.080 g ha-1 de e.a). Doses de glifosato de 1.232 a 1.439 g ha-1 de e.a. suprimem a grama-estrela-africana, evitam sua competição com a cultura do milho, e permitem a recuperação da pastagem após a colheita do milho.
Gas exchange rates, plant height, yield components, and productivity of upland rice as affected by plant regulators
Authors: Alvarez Rita de Cássia Félix , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Nascente Adriano Stephan , Rodrigues João Domingos , Habermann Gustavo
Published: January 2013

The objective of this work was to evaluate gas exchange rates, plant height, yield components, and productivity of upland rice, as affected by type and application time of plant growth regulators. A randomized block design, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with four replicates was used. Treatments consisted of three growth regulators (mepiquat chloride, trinexapac-ethyl, and paclobutrazol), besides a control treatment applied at two different phenological stages: early tillering or panicle primordial differentiation. The experiment was performed under sprinkler-irrigated field conditions. Net CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, plant transpiration, and water-use efficiency were measured four times in Primavera upland rice cultivar, between booting and milky grain phenophases. Gas exchange rates were neither influenced by growth regulators nor by application time. There was, however, interaction between these factors on the other variables. Application of trinexapac-ethyl at both tillering and differentiation stages reduced plant height and negatively affected yield components and rice productivity. However, paclobutrazol and mepiquat chloride applied at tillering, reduced plant height without affecting rice yield. Mepiquat chloride acted as a growth stimulator when applied at the differentiation stage, and significantly increased plant height, panicle number, and grain yield of upland rice.
Sistemas intercalares com abacaxizeiro como alternativa de renda durante a formação de cafezais irrigados
Authors: Silva Vânia Aparecida , Lima Luiz Antonio , Andrade Fabrício Teixeira , Ferreira Ester Alice , Souza Júnior Evandro Andrade de , Colares Matheus Figueiredo Braga , Moreira Lais Lorena Queiroz
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o sistema de plantio de abacaxizeiro intercalado com cafeeiro que proporciona o maior retorno econômico, sem comprometer o desenvolvimento vegetativo e a produtividade de cafezal irrigado. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e dez plantas úteis por parcela. Os sistemas irrigados de cultivo consistiram em: duas e três fileiras simples de abacaxizeiro, nas entrelinhas do cafeeiro, ou quatro linhas em fileiras duplas. O desenvolvimento vegetativo do cafeeiro foi avaliado aos 6, 12 e 18 meses após o plantio, e a produtividade aos 28 meses. O cultivo de duas fileiras simples favoreceu o desenvolvimento do cafeeiro, e os demais sistemas não tiveram efeito sobre esse parâmetro. A produtividade do cafeeiro foi maior nos sistemas de cultivo com duas e três fileiras de abacaxi. Os três sistemas de cultivo apresentaram retornos econômicos positivos. O sistema intercalar com três fileiras simples proporciona o melhor retorno, sem comprometer o desenvolvimento vegetativo e a produtividade do cafeeiro.
Genetic diversity between improved banana diploids using canonical variables and the Ward-MLM method
Authors: Pereira Valquíria Martins , Borges Cristine Vanz , Brandão Lívia Pinto , Oliveira Larissa Santos , Souza Cintia Paula Feitosa , Gonçalves Zalmar Santana , Silva Sebastião de Oliveira e , Santos-Serejo Janay Almeida dos , Ferreira Claudia Fortes , Amorim Edson Perito , Ledo Carlos Alberto da Silva
Published: January 2013

The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic diversity of improved banana diploids using data from quantitative analysis and from simple sequence repeats (SSR) marker, simultaneously. The experiment was carried out with 33 diploids, in an augmented block design with 30 regular treatments and three common ones. Eighteen agronomic characteristics and 20 SSR primers were used. The agronomic characteristics and the SSR were analyzed simultaneously by the Ward-MLM, cluster, and IML procedures. The Ward clustering method considered the combined matrix obtained by the Gower algorithm. The Ward-MLM procedure identified three ideal groups (G1, G2, and G3) based on pseudo-F and pseudo-t² statistics. The dendrogram showed relative similarity between the G1 genotypes, justified by genealogy. In G2, 'Calcutta 4' appears in 62% of the genealogies. Similar behavior was observed in G3, in which the 028003-01 diploid is the male parent of the 086079-10 and 042079-06 genotypes. The method with canonical variables had greater discriminatory power than Ward-MLM. Although reduced, the genetic variability available is sufficient to be used in the development of new hybrids.
Produção de cachos e parâmetros genéticos de híbridos de caiaué com dendezeiro
Authors: Lopes Ricardo , Cunha Raimundo Nonato Vieira da , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de cachos e estimar os parâmetros genéticos de progênies F1 de caiaué (Elaeis oleifera) com dendezeiro (E. guineenses). As progênies foram plantadas em parcelas com número variável de plantas. Avaliaram-se número (NC), peso médio (PMC) e peso total de cachos (PTC) por planta, do sétimo ao décimo-terceiro ano após o plantio. Estes dados foram analisados por REML/BLUP em 59 progênies, com delineamento desbalanceado em linha e coluna. Todos os caracteres apresentaram considerável variabilidade, com coeficientes de variação genética entre 18,1 e 25,5%, quanto à progênie, e de 25,6 a 36,0% quanto a indivíduo. Pela seleção das cinco melhores progênies, podem ser obtidos ganhos superiores a 30%, para NC e PTC, e acima de 20% para PMC; e, com a seleção dos cinco melhores indivíduos, ganhos acima de 65%, para NC e PTC, e acima de 60% para PMC. As progênies apresentam alta variabilidade genética quanto à produção de cachos. Ganhos genéticos elevados podem ser obtidos pela seleção tanto de indivíduos para clonagem quanto de progênies para reprodução sexuada.
Perfis proteicos e desempenho fisiológico de sementes de café submetidas a diferentes métodos de processamento e secagem
Authors: Taveira José Henrique da Silva , Rosa Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da , Borém Flávio Meira , Giomo Gerson Silva , Saath Reni
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os perfis proteicos e o desempenho fisiológico de sementes de café submetidas a diferentes métodos de processamento e secagem. Foram avaliados os processamentos por via seca e úmida, e as secagens natural, em terreiro, e artificial a 60ºC, ou a 60ºC até 30% de umidade e 40ºC até teor final de 11% (base úmida). Após serem processadas e secadas, as sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao desempenho fisiológico e submetidas a análises bioquímicas, por meio da eletroforese de proteínas resistentes ao calor LEA ("late embryogenesis abundant") e das enzimas superóxido dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, esterase, polifenoloxidase, isocitrato desidrogenase, álcool desidrogenase e malato desidrogenase. O perfil proteico de sementes de café é afetado pelo método de processamento e de secagem. Os cafés processados por via úmida apresentam maior tolerância à secagem - revelada pela maior atividade de enzimas antioxidativas e pelo melhor desempenho fisiológico - do que os processados por via seca. A atividade de proteínas resistentes ao calor e de enzimas antioxidantes é variável promissora para diferenciar a qualidade dos cafés submetidos a diferentes manejos pós-colheita.
Associação genética de escores de conformação com características de crescimento em bovinos da raça Angus
Authors: Everling Dionéia Magda , Rorato Paulo Roberto Nogara , Araujo Ronyere Olegário de , Boligon Arione Augusti , Bresolin Tiago , Dornelles Mariana de Almeida , Weber Tomas , Pacheco Paulo Santana , Campos Leonardo Talavera
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a associação genética entre escores visuais de conformação e as características de ganho de peso médio diário e de velocidade de crescimento em bovinos da raça Angus à desmama e ao sobreano. Os componentes de covariância foram estimados por modelo animal de análise tetracaracterística, com uso do método de inferência bayesiana, tendo-se assumido o modelo linear para: ganho de peso médio diário do nascimento à desmama (GMD) e da desmama ao sobreano (GMS); e velocidade de ganho de peso do nascimento à desmama (VD) e da desmama ao sobreano (VS). Um modelo não linear (de limiar) foi utilizado para os escores de conformação à desmama (CD) e ao sobreano (CS). As médias a posteriori, para a herdabilidade direta, foram: 0,12±0,023 (CD), 0,15±0,020 (GMD), 0,15±0,024 (VD), 0,17±0,020 (CS), 0,17±0,023(GMS), e 0,17±0,023 (VS). A correlação genética variou de -0,09±0,11 a 0,60±0,06, entre os escores CD e CS e as características de ganho médio diário de peso e velocidade de ganho de peso. A correlação entre CD e CS foi 0,52±0,089. A seleção direta para escores visuais de conformação, ganho médio diário e velocidade de ganho responde de forma lenta à seleção, tanto à desmama como ao sobreano.
Aumento da produção de grãos de pinhão-manso pela aplicação de benziladenina
Authors: Gouveia Everson Jacinto , Rocha Rodrigo Barros , Laviola Bruno Galvêas , Ramalho André Rostand , Ferreira Maria das Graças Rodrigues , Dias Luiz Antônio dos Santos
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar o florescimento e a produção de grãos de pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas) em resposta à aplicação de benziladenina diretamente sobre inflorescências fechadas. O experimento foi realizado em campo, com plantas em idade produtiva, em cultivo adensado. Foram avaliados: número de flores femininas e masculinas por inflorescência, número de inflorescências e de cachos por planta, número de frutos por cacho, percentual de abortamento de frutos e produção por planta. O número de flores femininas aumentou pela aplicação do regulador vegetal, com incremento de 170% no número de frutos por cacho. Apesar do menor pegamento de frutos nas plantas tratadas, a aplicação da benziladenina aumentou a produção em 92%.
Resposta da soja à adubação com zinco em solo com teores acima do nível crítico
Authors: Inocêncio Maykom Ferreira , Resende Álvaro Vilela de , Furtini Neto Antonio Eduardo , Veloso Matheus Peres , Ferraz Fernanda Moreira , Hickmann Clério
Published: January 2013

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da soja a estratégias de adubação com zinco, em Latossolo com disponibilidade inicial do micronutriente acima do nível crítico. O experimento consistiu em 16 tratamentos com diferentes combinações de fontes, doses e formas de aplicação de Zn. Foram avaliados a produtividade da soja e os teores de Zn no solo, nas folhas e nos grãos. A fertilização com Zn aumentou a produtividade da soja, mesmo em solo com teor do micronutriente acima do nível crítico. A resposta à adubação varia de acordo com as estratégias de aplicação de zinco. Há indícios de que o nível crítico de Zn no solo deve ser revisto.
Use of densimetric table to improve the quality of commercial castor bean seeds
Authors: Santos Neto Antônio Lucrécio dos , Carvalho Maria Laene Moreira de , Oliveira João Almir , Fraga Antônio Carlos , Souza Ademária Aparecida de
Published: January 2013

Castor bean fruits are already used for biodiesel production but obtaining quality seeds is still a challenge. Seed cleaning improves lot quality but little is known about the effects of upgrading castor bean seed lots on a densimetric table. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of cleaning castor bean seed lots on a densimetric table on their physical, physiological and sanitary characteristics. Two commercial lots of the AL Guarani 2002 cultivar, separated into five categories according to their classification on a densimetric table (uncleaned and low, low intermediate, high intermediate and high outlets), were evaluated. Tests for the yield, one-thousand seed weight, germination, seedling emergence, electrical conductivity and seed health were performed. The classification of castor bean seeds on a densimetric table significantly improved the physical, physiological and sanitary quality of commercial seed lots. The physiological response of the different classified lots varied according to their initial weight. Castor bean seeds separated on a densimetric table for the upper outlet showed a better physical, physiological and sanitary quality compared to those for the lower outlet.
Relationship between eggplant seed morphology and germination
Authors: Silva Vanessa Neumann , Cicero Silvio Moure , Bennett Mark
Published: January 2013

Structural differences such as abnormalities, damage and free spaces in seeds may affect germination. The aim of this study was to study the relationship between eggplant seed morphology and seed germination. Ten seed lots of the eggplant cultivar Embu were evaluated by X-ray image analysis and the germination test. Seed image analysis was performed by Image Pro Plus® software and the whole seed area and free space between the embryo and endosperm were measured. The internal seed area filled by the embryo and endosperm was calculated from the difference between the whole seed and free space areas. Based on these results and visual seed analysis, seeds were classified into three categories and information on germination was obtained for each one. X-ray image analysis provides a perfect view of the internal seed parts and for seed morphology studies. An increase in seed area filled by the endosperm and embryo does not improve seed germination. Mechanical seed damage and deteriorated tissues can adversely affect seed germination.
Avaliação do potencial de uso da restrição hídrica em teste de sanidade de sementes de trigo visando à detecção de fungos
Authors: Celano Mauricio Mega , Machado José da Cruz , Jaccoud Filho David de Souza , Guimarães Renato Mendes
Published: January 2013

Objetivou-se, com o presente trabalho, avaliar a viabilidade do uso da restrição hídrica, em substituição ou alternativa ao uso da técnica de congelamento de sementes de trigo, no teste de incubação em substrato de papel, blotter test. O trabalho consistiu na comparação das duas técnicas por meio do exame de 60 amostras de sementes, coletadas em diferentes áreas do Estado de Minas Gerais e outras regiões do país, tendo como restritor hídrico o soluto manitol, no potencial de -1,10 MPa, valor este determinado preliminarmente com base na capacidade de redução da germinação das sementes de trigo em condições do teste de sanidade. A incidência média de Bipolaris sorokiniana não foi afetada por nenhuma das técnicas comparadas, havendo, por outro lado, um maior estímulo da restrição hídrica em relação à Pyricularia grisea, Aspergillus ochraceus, Cladosporium cladosporioides e Epicoccum purpuracens. Para Alternaria alternata, Drechslera tritici-repentis e Fusarium graminearum, os maiores valores de incidência ocorreram no método do congelamento.
Teste de respiração para avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de girassol
Authors: Dode Juliana de Souza , Meneghello Geri Eduardo , Moraes Dario Munt de , Peske Silmar Teichert
Published: January 2013

O aumento na demanda por sementes oleaginosas de alta qualidade, como o girassol, vem desencadeando um grande interesse em testes que possibilitem a diferenciação rápida do potencial de desempenho de lotes, favorecendo a pronta tomada de decisões durante diferentes etapas da produção de sementes, pré e pós-colheita. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficiência e rapidez do método de Pettenkofer na determinação da atividade respiratória para diferenciar o vigor de cinco lotes de sementes de girassol, cv. MG2. Além da determinação da atividade respiratória, foram conduzidos testes de germinação, condutividade elétrica, comprimento de parte aérea, matéria fresca e massa seca de plântulas. Os resultados permitiram a classificação dos lotes em diferentes níveis de qualidade fisiológica. A utilização do sistema Pettenkofer foi eficiente e rápida para proporcionar a distinção dos lotes, fazendo com que a determinação da atividade respiratória seja considerada promissora para identificar diferenças na qualidade fisiológica de lotes de sementes de girassol.