bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short-term intensive training attenuates the exercise-induced interaction of mono-1/2 cells and platelets after coronary bypass in cardiac patients
Authors: Huang Shu-Chun , Wong Mei-Kuen , Lin Pyng-Jing , Tsai Feng-Chun , Chu Jaw-Ji , Wu Meng-Yu , Fu Tieh-Cheng , Wang Jong-Shyan
Published: May 2017

The interaction between platelets and monocytes plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated how short-term intensive training (SIT) influences monocyte subset characteristics and exercise-induced monocyte and platelet aggregates (MPAs) following elective coronary bypass (CABG) in cardiac patients. Forty-nine patients hospitalised for CABG were randomised into SIT (N=26) and conventional training (CT, N=23) groups. The SIT subjects underwent supervised aerobic training at 80∼120 % of the ventilatory anaerobic threshold based on sub-maximal exercise tests performed 7 days post-CABG for 20 sessions with two sessions/day and 30 min/session, which were completed within four weeks after surgery. The CT subjects performed light-intensity conditioning exercise for ≤4 sessions. Resting and maximal exercise-mediated monocyte characteristics and MPA were determined before and following intervention. The SIT group had a larger improvement in ventilation efficiency and anaerobic threshold than the CT group; the SIT group exhibited larger reductions in blood monocyte subtypes 1 and 2 (Mono1 and 2) counts at rest than the CT group; the SIT group but not the CT group exhibited attenuated formation of Mono1/platelet hetero-aggregation (MPA1) and CD42b expression on Mono1/2 caused by strenuous exercise; and plasma levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β and soluble P-selectin showed similar trends as Mono1/2 and MPA1, respectively. In conclusion, SIT modestly improved aerobic capacity in patients following CABG. Moreover, SIT simultaneously ameliorated the CD42b expression of Mono1/2 cells and maximal exercise-induced MPA1, which may reduce the risk of inflammatory thrombosis.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Relação Lazer/Trabalho e Atitude diante das Problemáticas Ambientais Contemporâneas: desafios para a atuação profissional com o ecoturismo
Authors: Castilho César Teixeira , Gomes Christianne Luce
Published: May 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir a atuação de profissionais que trabalham com ecoturismo no entorno de Belo Horizonte e prestam serviços em quatro ramos de atividades de lazer: mountain bike, escalada, observação de vida selvagem e trekking de longa duração. A investigação foi impulsionada pelas seguintes indagações: de que maneira a relação trabalho/lazer é configurada na atuação desses profissionais? Quais aspectos são abordados em seus discursos e práticas profissionais quando se pensa na consciência ambiental e na degradação do meio ambiente? A metodologia desta investigação qualitativa envolveu pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo, na qual os dados foram coletados por meio da observação participante e entrevistas semiestruturadas com quinze profissionais. Os resultados evidenciaram que os profissionais entrevistados iniciam uma aproximação com atividades na natureza por meio da influência familiar, e que, ao longo do tempo, aquilo que outrora era considerado lazer torna-se profissão. Posteriormente, um melhor aprimoramento técnico é buscado a fim de que se obtenha a profissionalização da área. A busca pelo “risco” exerce influência na preferência pelas experiências de lazer em meios naturais e, nesse aspecto, a natureza é relegada a um segundo plano. Embora também sejam passíveis de críticas, os profissionais que atuam em atividades como a observação de vida selvagem e trekking de longa duração evidenciaram uma maior sensibilidade quanto às questões ecológicas e maior influência na educação ambiental dos praticantes.
O Potencial da Gamificação para Aumentar a Competitividade dos Destinos Turísticos: revisão de literatura baseada na Scopus
Authors: Souza Viviane da Silva , Varum Celeste Maria Dias Amorim , Eusébio Celeste
Published: May 2017

A gamificação surgiu com o propósito de gerar envolvimento, lealdade e, acima de tudo, proporcionar uma experiência marcante para turistas e visitantes. Em vista disso, os destinos turísticos tornaram-se mais sensíveis às oportunidades de criação de novos serviços e produtos gamificados na indústria do turismo. Nesse cenário, este artigo objetiva analisar os estudos científicos (teóricos e empíricos) sobre a gamificação aplicada ao turismo com a finalidade de identificar elementos que justifiquem o potencial da gamificação para gerar competitividade nos destinos turísticos. Para atingir o objetivo, executaram-se pesquisas eletrônicas na base de dados especializada Scopus, atingindo-se, ao término da pesquisa, um agregado de onze documentos científicos identificados como significativos para a abordagem deste estudo. Deste modo, esta revisão exploratória da literatura trouxe as seguintes conclusões: (1) identificação de tendências na literatura sobre gamificação no turismo; (2) autores e publicações que mais se destacam nessa área; (3) objetivos, contextos e abordagens da gamificação no setor; (4) o potencial da gamificação para a competitividade; e, por fim, (5) a indicação das abordagens metodológicas adotadas nos estudos analisados. Além disso, permitiu-se realizar uma síntese do conhecimento sobre a temática, o que possibilitou a percepção do que já se sabe sobre o tema e o que se precisa saber, além de apontar direções para investigações futuras e algumas limitações de investigações nessa área.
Closing the Care Gap
Authors: Moayedi Yasbanoo , Schofield Toni , Etchells Edward , Silver Samuel A. , Kobulnik Jeremy , McQuillan Rory , Bell Chaim , Linghorne Meredith , Ross Heather J.
Published: May 2017

Quality improvement (QI) initiatives have become an integral part of patient-centered care. In this primer, we outline 6 steps for initiating, implementing, and monitoring improvement in heart failure care. These steps include acknowledging that improvement is needed and setting a culture for improvement; forming a QI team; understanding the local problem; generating improvement strategies that will fit with the local problem; monitoring; testing; and refining improvements, analysis of data, and interpretation of run charts. This primer provides tools and resources for clinicians who want to learn how to perform QI specifically in the field of heart failure. We will illustrate the application of these steps using a hypothetical example for a congestive heart failure postdischarge clinic.
Early Christian Epigraphy, Evil, and the Apotropaic Function of Romans 8.31
Authors: Strawbridge Jennifer
Published: May 2017

Epigraphic evidence offers an important and yet oft-neglected dimension to the history of biblical reception. One of the most curious cases of epigraphic incidence of a biblical text is the use of Romans 8.31. Within early Christian writings, this Pauline passage is used approximately 20 times across nine different writers before 604 ce. However, the words of Romans 8.31 may be found on at least 23 epigraphic artifacts from this same period, and in particular, on the door lintels of homes. This article explores what might account for the discrepancy between the literary and epigraphic use of Romans 8.31, the possible apotropaic function of this phrase, and how such evidence might inform the interpretation and reception of this Pauline passage.
(Not) Baptizing Thecla: Early Interpretive Efforts on 1 Cor 1:17
Authors: Edsall Benjamin
Published: May 2017

This piece reconsiders Paul’s deferral of Thecla’s baptism in light of internal initiation themes and in connection with broader historical efforts to understand Paul’s statement in 1 Cor 1:17a (“For Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the gospel”). To this end, the article surveys previous explanations for this deferral of baptism, proposing to integrate several previous insights into a reading of Thecla as initiate, locates this reading on the spectrum of ancient interpretations of 1 Cor 1:17 from Tertullian to John Chrysostom and finally considers other baptismal material in the Acts of Paul.
The Origin of Zealous Intolerance: Paulus Orosius and Violent Religious Conflict in the Early Fifth Century
Authors: Leonard Victoria
Published: May 2017

This article explores the origins of religious intolerance in two episodes from the early fifth century ad: the forcible conversion of 540 Jews in Minorca by Bishop Severus, and the failed attempt by the monk Fronto to uncover heterodox belief in Tarragona, north-east Hispania. With the newly discovered relics of St Stephen, the presbyter Paulus Orosius brought a peculiarly vehement and absolute intolerance of non-orthodox Christianity to Minorca. Intolerance was facilitated and communicated through a trans-Mediterranean network of Christians connected through letter-writing and the exchange of visitors, of which Orosius was a particularly mobile and dynamic participant. In contrast to previous criticism, this article identifies Orosius as a point of intersection within the controversies, and, in the dissemination of his ideology of intolerance, as a catalyst for conflict.
Designing and evaluating autoverification rules for thyroid function profiles and sex hormone tests
Authors: Li Jiancheng , Cheng Bizhen , Ouyang Huizhen , Xiao Tongtong , Hu Jing , Cai Yingmu
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Following the analytical phase, the current practice of many hospital laboratories involves the manual verification of all test results followed by the production of the report. However, manual verification is a time-consuming and tedious process. In this paper, we provide a detailed description of how to design autoverification rules for thyroid function test profiles and sex hormones.

Materials and methods

We used DM2 (Data manager 2) to construct the algorithm and build the database for autoverification of thyroid function test profiles and sex hormones, with reference to Boolean logic, Auto 10-A and CLSI’88. The rules consist of checking quality control, instrument error flags, critical values, the analytical measurement range (AMR), the limit range, consistency check and delta check. Firstly, we established the rules in the DM2, collected clinical specimens for validation, then tested the rules in a ‘live’ environment.

Results

Agreement was achieved between manual verification by two senior laboratory personnel and verification using the autoverification rules in 99.78% of the cases. The total autoverification rate for all tests was 77.06%. Following implementation of the rules, the laboratory turnaround time (TAT) was reduced by 54.55% and staffing numbers fell from three to two whole time equivalents (WTE). Statistical analysis resulted in a kappa statistic of 0.99 ( P < 0.001). Moreover, after implementing the autoverification rules, the error rate fell to 0.04%, indicating that errors were almost completely eliminated.

Conclusion

Implementing autoverification rules can reduce TAT, minimize the number of samples that require manual verification and allow for a reduction in staffing numbers. It also allows laboratory staff to devote more time and effort to the handling of problematic test results and contributing to improved patient care.
The Australian labour market in 2016
Authors: Oliver Damian , Yu Serena
Published: May 2017

The Australian labour market in 2016 was characterised by fragmented improvements. While headline economic growth has strengthened, a pessimistic business environment has been accompanied by patchy employment growth. This growth has been driven by male part-time employment and roles in the lower wage segments of the labour market, including clerical, community service and manual labour occupations. While the unemployment rate has fallen and retrenchments have dropped across the labour market, youth unemployment remains stubbornly high, while older job seekers have become more likely to fall into long-term unemployment. High youth unemployment has stimulated debate about the role and regulation of unpaid work experience, while popular commentary about the effects of automation on the labour market is yet to appear in the statistics. Wage growth remains very subdued.
A Matter of Balance: About the Abstract Goals of Imprisonment and Ambiguous Tasks of Dutch Prisons
Authors: Molleman T. , van den Hurk A. A.
Published: May 2017

According to national and international inspectorates, considerable differences are found in the implementation of prison sentences within countries. This is not only problematic for the legal security of society and inmates, prison organizations themselves do not know exactly for what they are deemed responsible. Although key goals of imprisonment may be clear, complex ambiguities seem to be at work. We scrutinize the specific situation of the Dutch prison system to show how implementation differences can arise within a seemingly detailed regulatory framework. Furthermore, some international comparisons are provided as well as some directions to solve the ambiguities.
Cheiro-oral syndrome
Authors: Saeed Mamoun , Abbker Abdelrahman , Brenan Paul , Abkur Tarig Mohammed
Published: May 2017

We describe a 64-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with a two-day history of left perioral and hand numbness. Examination revealed impaired sensation of the left corner of the mouth and ipsilateral fingers. Neuroimaging showed an acute right thalamic lacunar infarct consistent with the diagnosis of cheiro-oral syndrome. In this report, we discuss the importance of recognising this syndrome and instituting appropriate management to prevent further cerebrovascular events.
Integrated cellular framework for modeling ecosystems: Theory and applications
Authors: Kazi Baha Uddin , Wainer Gabriel
Published: May 2017

We introduce an integrated framework for modeling and simulation of ecosystems based on cellular models. The framework integrates cellular modeling, web-based simulation, and geographic information systems (GISs) for data collection and visualization. In this framework, data extraction from GISs is automated; we use the Cell-DEVS formalism for modeling the ecosystem and the CD++ cellular modeling tool within the RISE (RESTful Interoperability Simulation Environment) middleware for web-based simulation. The simulation results are easily integrated with Google Earth data for visualization. We discuss the design, implementation, and benefits of the integrated approach for modeling and simulation in spatial analysis of ecosystem services. We show different case studies in the area of ecological systems, demonstrating how to apply the framework, its usability, and flexibility. We focus on the use of models available in remote servers, their integration with GIS data for inputs, and georeferenced visualization of the results. We show how the modeling methods based on DEVS and their modular interfaces make it easy to build such an architecture and we discuss its application to the field of environmental systems.
Motivational Differences in Seeking Out Evaluative Categorization Information
Authors: Smallman Rachel , Becker Brittney
Published: May 2017

Previous research shows that people draw finer evaluative distinctions when rating liked versus disliked objects (e.g., wanting a 5-point scale to evaluate liked cuisines and a 3-point scale to rate disliked cuisines). Known as the preference-categorization effect, this pattern may exist not only in how individuals form evaluative distinctions but also in how individuals seek out evaluative information. The current research presents three experiments that examine motivational differences in evaluative information seeking (rating scales and attributes). Experiment 1 found that freedom of choice (the ability to avoid undesirable stimuli) and sensitivity to punishment (as measured by the Behavior Inhibition System/Behavioral Approach System [BIS/BAS] scale) influenced preferences for desirable and undesirable evaluative information in a health-related decision. Experiment 2 examined choice optimization, finding that maximizers prefer finer evaluative information for both liked and disliked options in a consumer task. Experiment 3 found that this pattern generalizes to another type of evaluative categorization, attributes.
Unfinished Business: Nested Acquisitions, Managerial Capacity, and Firm Performance
Authors: Zorn Michelle L. , Sexton Jennifer C. , Bhussar Manjot S. , Lamont Bruce T.
Published: May 2017

We highlight a largely unstudied phenomenon that affects postacquisition performance: nested acquisitions. Nested acquisitions occur when a firm acquires a target firm that has itself recently acquired another firm. In our study of publicly traded U.S. acquirers and targets from 2000 to 2014, we theorize that nested acquirers face unique integration difficulties that reduce acquirer postacquisition performance. Specifically, we build on Penrosian logic and theorize that nested acquisitions tax the managerial capacity of the acquiring and acquired firms more than nonnested ones and that, as nested acquisition complexity increases due to variance within the embedded nested targets (i.e., greater number, more recent, less related, and larger nested targets), the drain on managerial capacity also increases. Ultimately, these challenges increase the likelihood of reduced postacquisition performance. Given these suggested difficulties, we theorize that retaining focal target managers can aid the acquiring firm and thereby help to reduce negative performance outcomes. In our unique sample of matched-pair firms, we find that nested acquisitions are associated with lower postacquisition performance but that retaining target firm managers can reduce this effect.
Matched Comparison Group Design Standards in Systematic Reviews of Early Childhood Interventions
Authors: Thomas Jaime , Avellar Sarah A. , Deke John , Gleason Philip
Published: May 2017

Background:

Systematic reviews assess the quality of research on program effectiveness to help decision makers faced with many intervention options. Study quality standards specify criteria that studies must meet, including accounting for baseline differences between intervention and comparison groups. We explore two issues related to systematic review standards: covariate choice and choice of estimation method.

Objective:

To help systematic reviews develop/refine quality standards and support researchers in using nonexperimental designs to estimate program effects, we address two questions: (1) How well do variables that systematic reviews typically require studies to account for explain variation in key child and family outcomes? (2) What methods should studies use to account for preexisting differences between intervention and comparison groups?

Methods:

We examined correlations between baseline characteristics and key outcomes using Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Birth Cohort data to address Question 1. For Question 2, we used simulations to compare two methods—matching and regression adjustment—to account for preexisting differences between intervention and comparison groups.

Results:

A broad range of potential baseline variables explained relatively little of the variation in child and family outcomes. This suggests the potential for bias even after accounting for these variables, highlighting the need for systematic reviews to provide appropriate cautions about interpreting the results of moderately rated, nonexperimental studies. Our simulations showed that regression adjustment can yield unbiased estimates if all relevant covariates are used, even when the model is misspecified, and preexisting differences between the intervention and the comparison groups exist.
Teaching politics after the practice turn
Authors: Leigh Darcy , Freeman Richard
Published: May 2017

The ‘practice turn’ and its associated ontology, epistemology and methodology are now well established in political research. In this article, we identify and explore a corollary pedagogy. After outlining the principal components of practice theory, we compare case- and placement-based approaches to learning, designed to develop skills for use in practice. We introduce and describe our own rather different course, which we designed to develop an understanding of the nature of practice as such. We discuss its scope and dynamics, particularly with regard to power in the classroom, and identify broader opportunities and challenges for the development of practice-based pedagogy.
Implications of neurovascular uncoupling in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of brain tumors
Authors: Pak Rebecca W , Hadjiabadi Darian H , Senarathna Janaka , Agarwal Shruti , Thakor Nitish V , Pillai Jay J , Pathak Arvind P
Published: May 2017

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) serves as a critical tool for presurgical mapping of eloquent cortex and changes in neurological function in patients diagnosed with brain tumors. However, the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) contrast mechanism underlying fMRI assumes that neurovascular coupling remains intact during brain tumor progression, and that measured changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) are correlated with neuronal function. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that even low-grade brain tumors can exhibit neurovascular uncoupling (NVU), which can confound interpretation of fMRI data. Therefore, to avoid neurosurgical complications, it is crucial to understand the biophysical basis of NVU and its impact on fMRI. Here we review the physiology of the neurovascular unit, how it is remodeled, and functionally altered by brain cancer cells. We first discuss the latest findings about the components of the neurovascular unit. Next, we synthesize results from preclinical and clinical studies to illustrate how brain tumor induced NVU affects fMRI data interpretation. We examine advances in functional imaging methods that permit the clinical evaluation of brain tumors with NVU. Finally, we discuss how the suppression of anomalous tumor blood vessel formation with antiangiogenic therapies can “normalize” the brain tumor vasculature, and potentially restore neurovascular coupling.
The Role of Corporate Identity in Merger and Acquisition Activity
Authors: Melewar T. C. , Harrold John
Published: May 2017

Would more mergers and acquisitions achieve success if greater attention were paid to issues of corporate identity?
Exploring is Planning in High-Growth Medium-Sized Enterprises
Authors: Larsen Povl , Tonge Richard , Roberts Martyn
Published: May 2017

Faster-growing businesses have better approaches to planning their information systems.
The Goal Posts Keep Moving
Authors: Parker Peter
Published: May 2017

“New Definition

Since the links that bind a shareholder to a company are generally more tenuous than those affecting employees (it is easier to sell shares than to find another job), one may question whether the framework is entirely appropriate to the present climate of opinion. But there remains the difficulty of defining precisely what employee participation should mean and how the broader national interest should be taken into account. If this is to involve a fundamental shift in the way directors are meant to interpret their respective responsibilities to shareholders, employees and also to consumers, this will require the creation of a new legislative framework.”

Extract: Financial Times editorial “The Human Face” 9th November 1973
Lord Robens on Leadership
Authors: Taylor Bernard
Published: May 2017

Leadership is an unfashionable word nowadays because it seems to suggest management by an elite, and there is a tendency to talk about employee participation and the greater involvement of the management group as a whole. However, there is no doubt that the personality of a chief executive can have an enormous impact on an organisation.

The purpose of this series of interviews is to approach a number of senior managers and administrators, who have made distinctive contributions to their organisations by their particular styles of leadership, in an attempt to determine what are the requirements of the leader in the modern world and to what extent we must revise our traditional views about the role of the leader.
Management Education, Company Climate and Innovation
Authors: Baumgartel Howard , Dunn Luther E. , Sullivan George I.
Published: May 2017

What are the factors which affect the pay-off to organizations who subscribe to management training programmes. To answer this question the writers of this paper obtained data from 811 American, British and international managers. The results indicate, for example, that: 1) Programmes which help managers deal with problems faced at the time are more effective. 2) Organizations which provide more freedom to managers are more likely to get good results. 3) Assertive, achievement orientated managers are more likely to innovate following training, and 4) Organizational climate effects are greatest for lower level, achievement orientated managers. The practical implications of these findings are also discussed.
‘It Looked Marvellous in the Prospectus’: Taurus, Information and Decision Making
Authors: Drummond Helga
Published: May 2017

Large-scale IT projects can often fail, even if they seemed a good idea at the time. This is the story of the collapse of the multi-million pound TAURUS project, commissioned by the London Stock Exchange.
Governance and Performance: Goodwill Hunting
Authors: Macmillan Keith , Downing Steve
Published: May 2017

Corporate governance has changed dramatically over the past five years, but needs to change further. A new emphasis in performance and leadership is advocated.
Rearranging Risks and Rewards in a Supply Chain
Authors: Hall Richard
Published: May 2017

New ways are needed to manage supplier chains effectively. Here, the instrument of a ‘limited life company’ is suggested. It seems to have several benefits.
Organization and Competitiveness - Towards a New Perspective
Authors: Leavy Brian
Published: May 2017

In the knowledge-based economy, organizations require new competitive capabilities based on harnessing the innovativeness of key individuals and teams to create value.
Components of Successful Staple Food Fortification Programs: Lessons From Latin America
Authors: Martorell Reynaldo , de Romaña Daniel López
Published: May 2017

Background:

There are few effectiveness evaluations of food fortification programs, and little is known about what makes programs successful.

Objective:

We examined 3 food fortification programs in Latin America to identify common features that might explain their success and to draw lessons for program design and implementation everywhere: The vitamin A fortification of sugar in Guatemala with impact on vitamin A status of the population, the fortification of a basket of foods with iron and other micronutrients in Costa Rica with impact on iron status and anemia in women and children, and the fortification of wheat flour with folic acid in Chile, which reduced the incidence of neural tube defects.

Methods:

We identified pertinent literature about these preselected programs and asked regional experts for any additional information. We also conducted structured interviews of key informants to provide historical and contextual information.

Results:

Institutional research capacity and champions of fortification are features of successful programs in Latin America. We also found that private/public partnerships (industry, government, academia, and civil society) might be key for sustainability. To achieve impact, program managers need to use fortification vehicles that are consumed by the nutritionally vulnerable and to add bioavailable fortificants at adequate content levels in order to fill dietary gaps and reduce micronutrient deficiencies. Adequate monitoring and quality control are essential.

Conclusions:

For future programs, we recommend that the evaluation be specified up-front, including a baseline/end line and data collection along the program impact pathway to inform needed improvements and to strengthen causal inferences.
A Psychotherapist Engages in Behaviour Therapy
Authors: Camenietzki Shalom
Published: May 2017

The article reviews clinical findings that led an experienced psychotherapist to favour behaviour therapy over psychotherapy for patients who have anxiety disorders involving avoidance of specific situations or avoidance of specific activities. It is maintained that anxiety disorders are best treated through psychotherapy when they are demonstrably connected to disturbances in interpersonal relations. Three basic procedures in behaviour therapy are described: desensitization, direct exposure, and cognitive restructuring. Transference patterns in each of these procedures are delineated. A fourth procedure, “clinical bargaining,” helps patients relinquish avoidances by experimenting with new behaviours outside the consulting room. Selected aspects of transference and counter-transference in clinical bargaining are discussed. In dealing with single patients, it is recommended that clinicians separate the non directive position of the psychotherapist from the directive role of the behaviour therapist, since these two roles are largely irreconcilable.
Long Term Psychotherapy Training in Residency: Influences on Therapy and Training
Authors: Wallace Elizabeth M. , Tisdall Gordon W.
Published: May 2017

The authors discuss the changing role of psychotherapy training and the impact of rotations on long term psychotherapy in psychiatric residency. A conceptual model for a long term psychotherapy program for residents is presented, and a case example illustrates the influence of changes in setting, supervisors and in the resident-therapist's way of thinking have on the process of psychotherapy. The educational value of long term patient contact and the opportunity to use apparent obstacles in residency training as catalysts for growth and the opportunity to learn about psychotherapy are emphasized.
The Incidence and Significance of Perceptual Qualities in the Reported Dreams of Patients with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Frayn Douglas H.
Published: May 2017

The dreams of anorexic patients' were recorded using a standardized sleep questionnaire concerning the perceptual qualities and affects remembered from their dreams. The anorexic subjects consistently had less frequent dream recall, fewer dreams in colour and fewer pleasurable themes than was noted in the normal controls. Anorexics frequently saw themselves in their dreams as having a distorted body (especially an enlarged belly), a younger appearance, and experienced food and hunger dysphoria. The evaluation of an anorexic patient's dreams and their subsequent changes in both sensations and the frequency of reported dreaming may have diagnostic and as well as prognostic importance for the therapeutic assessment of anorexia nervosa.
Intravenous Clomipramine and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Thakur Aruna K. , Remillard Alfred J. , Meldrum Leeanne H. , Gorecki Dennis K.
Published: May 2017

A 62 year old woman presented with a long history of obsessive-compulsive disorder, the symptoms of which were not adequately controlled by oral clomipramine. The patient was started on intravenous clomipramine. Drug levels of both clomipramine and its active metabolite desmethylclomipramine were measured. Symptoms were controlled during her hospital stay. A three year follow-up report indicated the patient is doing well with no evidence of obsessive-compulsive or depressive symptoms. A discussion of the blood levels obtained and the caution to be exercised during intravenous administration is presented.
Severe Paternal Sexual Abuse in Early Childhood and Systematic Aggression against the Family and the Institution
Authors: Bigras Julien , Leichner Pierre , Perreault Michel , Lavoie Richard
Published: May 2017

This report examines incest and its sequela in individuals suffering from severe chronic mental illness. Descriptive data drawn from 11 cases paints a clinical picture characterized by severe chronic psychotic symptoms and aggressive behaviour that are often precipitated by the family's rejection. In all patients, the incest for occurred over a long period of time, was violent, and was perpetrated by the male parental figure. Health care professionals need to increase their knowledge of and skills in the identification and treatment of sexual abuse.
Establishing a Model for Care in Schizophrenia: One Program's Experience
Authors: Dermer Stanley W. , Landeen Janet L.
Published: May 2017

Unified service systems for the chronic mentally ill are frequently proposed yet rarely implemented. This paper presents a program developed specifically to meet the needs of young people with schizophrenia and their families. The program's evolution and design, from its origins in a hospital to its eventual base in the community, are described. The implications of a clinical teaching unit affiliated with a university are outlined. The experience of a typical patient and his family provides a view from a clinical context. Hypotheses arising from this case study point to future empirical work in the development of model programs in the care of the long term mentally ill.
A First Episode of Mania After Age 80
Authors: Kellner Michael B. , Neher Fritz
Published: May 2017

The case of a patient whose first episode of mania (DSM-III-R diagnosis) occurred after age 80 is presented; the patient had no previous psychiatric illness. Diagnostic and therapeutic issues are discussed with special regard to features of mania in old age, secondary mania (organic mood syndrome), pseudodementia, MHPG excretion and carbamazepine treatment.
Domestic politics and the power to punish: The case of national human rights institutions
Authors: Welch Ryan M.
Published: May 2017

Why do states give institutions the ability to legally punish them? While past research focuses on international pressure to delegate authority to third parties, I argue that domestic politics plays a key role. By viewing domestic politics through a principal–agent framework, I argue that the more accountable individual legislators remain to the public, the more likely it is that the legislature will delegate legal punishment authority. I focus on National Human Rights Institutions—domestic institutions tasked with protection and promotion of human rights—to build the argument. Electoral institutions that decrease monitoring of legislator agents, or institutional makeup that allows the executive to displace the public as the principal lead to National Human Rights Institutions without punishment power. Using Bayesian logistic analyses I test four hypotheses, all of which are in agreement with the argument.
Measuring Credibility Perceptions in CSR Communication: A Scale Development to Test Readers’ Perceived Credibility of CSR Reports
Authors: Lock Irina , Seele Peter
Published: May 2017

Credibility is central to communication but often jeopardized by “credibility gaps.” This is especially true for communication about corporate social responsibility (CSR). To date, no tool has been available to analyze stakeholders’ credibility perceptions of CSR communication. This article presents a series of studies conducted to develop a scale to assess the perceived credibility of CSR reports, one of CSR communication’s most important tools. The scale provides a novel operationalization of credibility using validity claims of Habermas’s ideal speech situation as subdimensions. The scale development process, carried out in five studies including a literature review, a Delphi study, and three validation studies applying confirmatory factor analysis, resulted in the 16-item Perceived Credibility (PERCRED) scale. The scale shows convergent, discriminant, concurrent, and nomological validity and is the first validated measure for analyzing credibility perceptions of CSR reports.
Change-point detection for infinite horizon dynamic treatment regimes
Authors: Goldberg Yair , Pollak Moshe , Mitelpunkt Alexis , Orlovsky Mila , Weiss-Meilik Ahuva , Gorfine Malka
Published: May 2017

A dynamic treatment regime is a set of decision rules for how to treat a patient at multiple time points. At each time point, a treatment decision is made depending on the patient’s medical history up to that point. We consider the infinite-horizon setting in which the number of decision points is very large. Specifically, we consider long trajectories of patients’ measurements recorded over time. At each time point, the decision whether to intervene or not is conditional on whether or not there was a change in the patient’s trajectory. We present change-point detection tools and show how to use them in defining dynamic treatment regimes. The performance of these regimes is assessed using an extensive simulation study. We demonstrate the utility of the proposed change-point detection approach using two case studies: detection of sepsis in preterm infants in the intensive care unit and detection of a change in glucose levels of a diabetic patient.
Profitability of Volume-based Momentum and Contrarian Strategies in the Indian Stock Market
Authors: Maheshwari Supriya , Dhankar Raj S.
Published: May 2017

This article investigates the relationship of trading volume with the profitability of momentum and long-run contrarian strategies for the Indian stock market. The result of the study provides support to Lee and Swaminathan (2000, The Journal of Finance, 55(5), 2017–2069) argument that trading volume predicts both the magnitude as well as the persistence of momentum in the long run. The portfolio of heavily traded securities earned higher momentum and contrarian returns as compared to low-trading securities portfolio in the Indian stock market. Hence, returns from both momentum and contrarian portfolios are positively related to the level of trading activity in the security. Further, the results provide evidence in favour of volume-based investment strategies. Both volume-based momentum strategy and volume-based contrarian strategy generate higher return in the Indian stock market as compared to pure momentum and contrarian strategy. In addition, the study provides support to momentum life cycle theory in explaining the relation between trading volume and momentum returns in the Indian stock market. These findings cast strong implication for Indian investors who are continuously engaged in identifying profitable investment strategies that can generate higher returns.
Organisational change and success in a government enterprise: Malaysia’s Federal Land Development Agency
Authors: O’Donnell Michael , Mansor Norma Binit , Yogeesvaran Kunaraguru , Rashid Azlan
Published: May 2017

This article charts and analyses the change path and various transformations of Malaysia’s state-owned enterprise, the Federal Land Development Agency, from its establishment in the 1960s to the present. The analysis supports arguments that the model of the developmental state, based on planned public/private cooperation, provides an alternative policy prescription to that of sole reliance on the self-regulating market. The Federal Land Development Agency is shown not only to have survived but also to have thrived as an economic development arm of the Malaysian state, successfully adapting to the changing environment in which it operates. To delineate the changes, a framework of punctuated equilibrium is utilised as it best captures the instances of rapid discontinuous change and the periods of incremental change and relative stability.
Counterproductive punishment: How prison gangs undermine state authority
Authors: Lessing Benjamin
Published: May 2017

State efforts to provide law and order can be counterproductive: mass-incarceration policies, while incapacitating and deterring individual criminals, can simultaneously strengthen collective criminal networks. Sophisticated prison gangs use promises of protection or punishment inside prison to influence and organize criminal activity on the street. Typical crime-reduction policies that make incarceration likelier and sentences harsher can increase prison gangs’ power over street-level members and affiliates, a formal model shows. Leading cases from the Americas corroborate these predictions: periods of sharply rising incarceration, driven partly by anti-gang laws, preceded qualitative leaps in prison-gang power on the street. Critically, prison gangs use this capacity not only to govern and tax criminal markets but also to win leverage over state officials by orchestrating terror attacks, intentionally curtailing quotidian violence, or both. Thus, even if increased incarceration leads to reduced crime, it may do so by strengthening prison-gang power at the expense of state authority.
Recovery stress enhancement in shape memory composites from silicon carbide whisker–filled benzoxazine-epoxy polymer alloy
Authors: Likitaporn Chutiwat , Mora Phattarin , Tiptipakorn Sunan , Rimdusit Sarawut
Published: May 2017

In this research, the benzoxazine-epoxy shape memory polymers with outstanding recovery stress improvement were prepared by filling with highly adamantine silicon carbide whisker at 0–20 wt%. The results revealed that the storage modulus at room temperature increased with increasing silicon carbide whisker, that is, from 5.1 GPa (without silicon carbide whisker) to 8.8 GPa (at 20 wt%). Glass transition temperatures were increased with increasing silicon carbide whisker in the range of 154°C–170°C. Furthermore, all samples exhibited approximately 99% of shape fixity with recovery time ranging from 8 to 27 min. Interestingly, the incorporation of silicon carbide whisker could significantly increase recovery stress from 3.4 MPa (without silicon carbide whisker) to 11.2 MPa (at 20 wt%). Moreover, the addition of silicon carbide whisker provides microwave actuating ability to the sample. Recovery time under microwave heating was significantly shortened to be in a range of 3–5 min. These results suggest potential use of the composites as microwave-responsive sensors and other shape memory devices.
Parents’ Experiences Navigating Intervention Systems for Young Children With Mild Language Delays
Authors: Marshall Jennifer , Adelman Andrea , Kesten Stacey M. , Natale Ruby A. , Elbaum Batya
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of parents of children with mild language delays who were referred to an Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) birth-to-3 or preschool program, were determined not eligible for services, and were referred on to a community-based program for short-term speech-language therapy. Interviews were conducted in the parents’ preferred language (10 Spanish, 10 English). A grounded theory approach was applied to identify emergent themes. Results indicated that the process of recognizing a developmental delay, receiving assessment results, and enrolling in services presents challenges that require parents to demonstrate engagement and advocacy throughout. This study highlights parents’ motivations for seeking out early intervention services and underscores the importance of understanding parents’ experiences navigating developmental service systems. Program planners can partner with parents to address barriers and also capitalize on successes to facilitate timely response to developmental concerns, appropriate referrals, and effective interventions.
ADHD Symptoms and Quality of Life Across a 12-Month Period in Children With ADHD: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Mulraney Melissa , Giallo Rebecca , Sciberras Emma , Lycett Kate , Mensah Fiona , Coghill David
Published: May 2017

Objective: To describe the relationship between ADHD symptom severity and quality of life (QoL) across three time points over a 12-month period and investigate whether sleep modifies this relationship. Method: Children aged 5 to 13 years with ADHD were recruited from 21 pediatric practices across Victoria, Australia ( N = 392). Child QoL (parent-report) and ADHD symptoms (both parent- and teacher-report) were assessed at three time points (0, 6, and 12 months), and sleep was assessed at baseline (parent-report). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlations and autoregressive cross-lagged panel models. Results: Parent-reported ADHD symptoms predicted poorer QoL at each subsequent time point ( r = −.10 to −.13), and a small bidirectional relationship was observed between teacher-reported ADHD symptoms and QoL from 6 to 12 months. Sleep moderated the relationship between ADHD symptoms and QoL. Conclusion: Clinicians need to look beyond core ADHD symptoms to other factors that may be influencing QoL in children with ADHD.
Data Recording in Performance Management
Authors: Groth Andersson Signe , Denvall Verner
Published: May 2017

In recent years, performance management (PM) has become a buzzword in public sector organizations. Well-functioning PM systems rely on valid performance data, but critics point out that conflicting rationale or logic among professional staff in recording information can undermine the quality of the data. Based on a case study of social service staff members, the authors explore three recording logics. The findings reveal a complexity of recording behavior and show how frontline staff shift between recording logics according to the situation. The actual data recordings depend not only on the overall logic but also on factors such as attitudes, assumptions, and motives. The authors suggest that shifting recording logics weaken the validity of performance data. These shifts undermine the idea of PM as a trustworthy strategy to bridge the gap between professional and managerial staff, as well as the possibility of a well-informed management.
Promoting collaborative playful experimentation through group playing by ear in higher education
Authors: Varvarigou Maria
Published: May 2017

A group of 46, first-year, primarily classically trained, undergraduate students took part in an exploratory research study on Group Ear Playing (GEP) in higher education. The students attended the “Playing by Ear” component of the Practical Musicianship module, which adopts the materials and strategies on playing by ear in the instrumental lesson developed by Lucy Green. The students were divided into eight groups, then provided with audio material and were instructed to copy the music by ear as a group for 40 minutes each week for five weeks. Data were collected through individual reflective logs and end-of-programme feedback forms. The analysis of the data focused on thematic discovery from the transcripts and was achieved through open, axial and selective coding. The findings of the study suggest, first, that the students engaged in playful experimentation in a collaborative manner, where the more confident musicians supported their less confident colleagues. Second, a variety of strategies for exploring improvising was reported by the students, which included adding ornaments based on scales, changing the rhythms for variety, missing notes out and incorporating other melodic riffs. Third, although the focus of the activity was on copying music by ear from recordings, all musicians appeared motivated to improvise together rather than as soloists, in order to “change things slightly”, “make the piece sound more interesting” and fit with others’ parts. Finally, the students reported that GEP not only helped them to feel more confident about playing by ear but also to be more confident about improvising and to become more confident musicians. This study proposes that playing by ear from recordings in a group successfully facilitates collaborative playful experimentation in higher education and supports the development of learners’ listening, creativity and improvisation skills.