bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plant diversity in Mediterranean coastal dune systems subjected to anthropogenic disturbances
Authors: Younsi Salah Eddine , Bouziane Zahira
Published: January 2024

Mediterranean coastal dunes have an undeniable value in terms of floristic diversity as a result of their well-adapted plant species, such as psammophytes and halophytes. Unfortunately, these ecosystems are often disturbed by anthropogenic activities, such as the use of bathing settlements and trampling, the construction of paths or roads, and grazing by livestock. In this paper, these environmental factors were considered to determine their relative influences on several Algerian coastal dune systems undergoing ecological disturbance, by measuring in these systems various ecological gradients. Using ecological indices, multivariate analysis of data, and the analysis of variance, we compared the composition of the flora of 7 study sites that were subjected to various scales and types of disturbances. A total of 83 plant species were identified, reflecting the floristic richness of the sites. They seemed to be unevenly distributed and considerably modified according to environmental and human impact descriptors. The composition, abundance, and distribution of plant diversity are positively correlated with the height and width of the dunes. Regrettably, the floristic diversity of coastal dunes is more and more degraded by disturbance pressures (particularly grazing).
Recyclable polytriazole resins with high performance based on Diels-Alder dynamic covalent crosslinking
Authors: Heng Kejie , Zhang Jun , Wang Caiyun , Wang Keying , Wan Liqiang , Huang Farong
Published: January 2024

N,N-Di-2-propyn-1-yl-2-furanmethanamine (DPFA) was synthesized from 2-furanemethylamine and 3-chloropropyne. Then, furan-containing polytriazoles were made from DPFA and diazide compounds. The Diels-Alder (DA) reaction between 4,4′-bismaleimidodiphenylmethane and furan-containing polytriazoles was used to prepare recyclable polytriazole resins. The effects of the main chain structures on the reversible processes and mechanical properties of the resins were investigated. The results show that the flexibility of the chain structures could be regulated by introducing different contents of azide-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the polymerization process. The PEG segments could not only promote the degree of the DA reaction but also play a role in reinforcing and/or toughening the recyclable polytriazole resins. RFPTA-5 resin film displays a tensile strength of 107.2 MPa and RFPTA-20 resin film shows an elongation at break of 224.8%. Moreover, the resin films demonstrate high recyclability.
Hydrothermal precipitation of hematite from the model solution of zinc hydrometallurgical extraction
Authors: Li Chunlin , Deng Zhigan , Yang Fuxian , Wei Chang , Xingbin Li  , Li Minting
Published: January 2024

The effect of temperature and silicon concentration on iron precipitation and morphology of hematite particles was discussed. The results showed that increase of initial silicon centration will lead to the decrease of iron removal efficiency, and the Fe content decreases and S content increases in hematite. Increasing temperature is beneficial to increase iron removal rate and Fe content in hematite, but increasing temperature can not decrease silicon content in hematite. The content of Si in precipitate is proportional to the concentration of silicon in solution. Silicon is adsorbed on the surface of hematite in the form of silicic acid. Hematite particle was agglomerated microsphere. Increasing concentration of silicon will increase the disorder degree of hematite crystallization. With the increase of silicon concentration, the agglomeration of hematite particle was more obvious, and the average particle size of hematite particles increased. At 175 °C, the morphology of iron precipitation particles are composed of flake particles and rhomboid massive particles, but when the temperature rises to 195 °C, the agglomeration phenomenon is obvious, small flake particles agglomerate into microspherical aggregates.
General auditory processing, Mandarin L1 prosodic and phonological awareness, and English L2 word learning
Authors: Chung Wei-Lun
Published: January 2024

This study examined general auditory processing, Mandarin L1 prosodic and phonological awareness, and the relations with English L2 word learning. Participants were 61 Mandarin-speaking children who learned English as an L2 in Taiwan. They received the following tasks: general auditory processing (i.e., amplitude envelope rise time, pitch contour and interval), Mandarin L1 prosodic and phonological awareness, and English L2 word learning (at Time 1 and 2). The results revealed that (1) only amplitude envelope rise time discrimination, independent of years of English learning, predicted English L2 word learning at Time 1, (2) Mandarin L1 phonological awareness, relative to Mandarin L1 prosodic awareness, made more contributions to English L2 word learning after controlling amplitude envelope rise time discrimination, and (3) successful English learners outperformed their unsuccessful peers on Mandarin L1 phonological awareness. Taken together, beginning English learners might use amplitude envelop rise time cuing syllable boundaries and rely on L1 prosodic and phonological awareness for English L2 word learning.
Evaluation of the mechanical and dynamic properties of scrimber wood produced from date palm fronds
Authors: Mousa Ghassan , Basha Muhammad , Moustafa Essam B.
Published: January 2024

This study evaluated the mechanical properties of the scrimber wood produced from date palm fronds and compared it to other wood-based materials. The raw materials for the production of the scrimber wood were date palm fronds. The scrimber wood was produced using a fabrication process that included the following stages: washing, cutting, burning, and gluing the pieces. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the scrimber wood produced using date palm fronds were very similar to those of other woods used for the same purpose. It was found that the wood produced was strong enough to hold several heavy objects without deforming or breaking. In addition, no defects, such as cracks or holes, were observed on the surface of the wood after processing. The results revealed that frond-scrimber trees recorded the largest deflection before fracture due to their fibrous features. The fibrous structure of the frond scrim may explain its strength and durability, as it successfully supplied samples with high fracture points, similar to hardwood, and prolonged maximum displacement, similar to certain softwoods. The dynamic characterization of the scrimber wood specimens reveals their inherent frequencies, mode forms, damping ratios, and other dynamic properties; such insights may help forecast their performance under different loads.
From neglect to peril: diabetic ketoacidosis unleashing colonic necrosis and perforation in an adolescent girl with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kumar Mritunjay , Dixit Rini , Kapoor Rohit , Singh Sunita
Published: January 2024

Objectives

Abdominal pain is a common presentation in patients of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). However, this pain generally resolves with resolution of dehydration and acidosis. Persistence of abdominal pain even after resolution of ketosis and acidosis should warrant careful reassessment to find evidence of sepsis and concomitant abdominal pathology.

Case presentation

We report a rare case of type 1 diabetes mellitus in a 15 year old girl diagnosed 6 months ago who presented with mild DKA (pH 7.24, HCO3
− 13.5 mmol/L). Her hospital course was extremely stormy and despite best of our efforts she succumbed due to colonic ischemia and perforation peritonitis.

Conclusions

A high index of suspicion for gut ischemia or perforation should be kept if DKA is associated with septic shock and there is suboptimal response to standard treatment. Mesenteric ischemia can occur in pediatric patients even with mild DKA having very poor diabetes control.
Quasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Vector Multiplicative Error Model using the ECCC-GARCH Representation
Authors: Xu Yongdeng
Published: January 2024

We introduce an ECCC-GARCH representation for the vector Multiplicative Error Model (vMEM) that enables maximum likelihood estimation using the multivariate normal distribution. We show via Monte Carlo simulations that the QML estimator possesses desirable small sample properties (towards unbiasedness and efficiency). In the empirical application, we firstly use a two-dimensional vMEM for the squared return and realized volatility, which nests the High-frEquency-bAsed VolatilitY (HEAVY) and Realized GARCH model. We show that the Realized GARCH model is a more appropriate specification for the dynamics of the return-volatility relationship. The second empirical application is a four-dimensional vMEM for volatility spillover effects in the four European stock markets. The results confirm interdependence across European markets and the relative strength of volatility spillovers increases in the post-2010 turmoil periods.
Plasmonic signal modulation at sub-GHz frequency via on-chip integration of tunnel junctions
Authors: Wang Fangwei , Huang Baohu , Liu Yan , Gao Siping , Guo Yongxin , Zhang Qian
Published: January 2024

Plasmonic technology offers one of the most promising solutions to achieve on-chip integration of nanoscale and fast modulation circuits using surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) as the information carriers. However, the potential of modulation speed of plasmonic signals has not been fully tapped. In this paper, we have demonstrated the plasmonic signal can be modulated at the bandwidth of sub-GHz (>100 MHz) via the on-chip integration of tunnel junctions. We also find that the lifetime of tunnel junctions under AC conditions can be improved significantly compared with the DC counterparts, which allows us to investigate and visualize the real-time breakdown process of tunnel junctions. Our implementation of plasmonic signal modulation at sub-GHz frequency paves the way toward potential industrial applications of on-chip plasmonic circuits.
CsxWO3-doped PEG/sweet potato form-stable composites for light-thermal conversion and energy storage
Authors: Zhou Yan , Liu Xiangdong , Sheng Dekun , Yang Yuming
Published: January 2024

Cesium tungsten bronze (CsxWO3)-doped PEG/sweet potato form-stable composites are fabricated through a facile two-step method of lyophilization and vacuum impregnation. Abundant starch microsphere enhances the PEG loading capacity above 72 % and also supplies capillary force as well as hydrogen bonding to improve the form-stability of the composites. Here, the latent heat, relative crystallinity (Xc), and light-thermal conversion efficiency of the system with 0.99 wt% CsxWO3 reach to 137.7 J/g, 97.7 %, and 83.5 %, respectively. The light-thermal conversion efficiency increases from 64.3 % to 91.1 % with 2.00 wt% CsxWO3. Besides, the composites exhibit improved thermal stability and excellent thermal reliability. The prepared bio-based composites with low-cost have broad application prospects in the field of energy storage.
Pancho Villa en la prensa gráfica capitalina. La soberanía de la Convención en entredicho
Authors: Ramírez Hurtado Luciano
Published: January 2024

Este artículo tiene el propósito de describir y analizar las distintas reacciones que provocó la presencia en Aguascalientes del general Francisco Villa, en octubre de 1914, tanto en la prensa capitalina controlada por Venustiano Carranza, como entre los delegados constitucionalistas que se dieron cita en el Teatro Morelos. Fotografías y caricaturas publicadas, acompañadas de notas periodísticas, páginas editoriales y pies de imagen, jugaron un papel importante en la tarea de ir desprestigiando ante la opinión pública al líder de la División del Norte, así como poner en entredicho la neutralidad del territorio y la soberanía de la Convención Revolucionaria, en una época en que la realidad política del país cambiaba con rapidez, mientras las facciones revolucionarias buscaban imponer su hegemonía.
The Impact of Different Ischemic Preconditioning Pressures on Pain Sensitivity and Resistance Exercise Performance
Authors: Kataoka Ryo , Song Jun Seob , Yamada Yujiro , Hammert William B. , Seffrin Aldo , Spitz Robert W. , Wong Vickie , Kang Anna , Loenneke Jeremy P.
Published: January 2024

Kataoka, R, Song, JS, Yamada, Y, Hammert, WB, Seffrin, A, Spitz, RW, Wong, V, Kang, A, and Loenneke, JP. The impact of different ischemic preconditioning pressures on pain sensitivity and resistance exercise performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—To determine (a) the impact of ischemic preconditioning pressures (applied as a % of arterial occlusion pressure [AOP]) on pressure pain threshold (PPT) and resistance exercise performance and (b) whether changes in performance could be explained by changes in PPT. Subjects (n = 39) completed 4 protocols in a randomized order: (a) ischemic preconditioning (IPC) at 110% AOP (IPC 110%), (b) IPC at 150% AOP (IPC 150%), (c) IPC at 10% AOP (Sham), and (d) time-matched control (CON). Each protocol included 4 cycles of 5 minutes of occlusion followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion. Pressure pain threshold was taken before and after. Discomfort ratings were given at the end of each cycle. Every visit finished with 2 sets of 75-second maximal isokinetic unilateral elbow flexion or extension. Overall, IPC 110% and IPC 150% resulted in similar increases in PPT relative to CON [110%: difference of 0.36 (0.18, 0.54) kg·m−2; 150%: difference of 0.377 (0.15, 0.59) kg·m−2] and Sham. Both resulted in greater discomfort than Sham and CON, with IPC 150% inducing greater discomfort than IPC 110% (BF10: 14.74). There were no differences between the conditions for total work (BF10: 0.23), peak torque (BF10: 0.035), or average power (BF10: 0.159). We did not find evidence that PPT mediated performance. We did not detect changes in performance with 2 different relative pressures greater than AOP. Our mean applied pressures were lower than those used previously. There might be a minimal level of pressure (e.g., >150% of AOP) that is required to induce ergogenic effects of ischemic preconditioning.
Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation to Recover Memory and Learning Trial (AFFIRMING): Rationale and Design of a Multi-center, Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Zhiyan , Zhang Yiqun , Jiang Chao , Hu Rong , Dai Wenli , Kong Yu , Sun Liling , Wu Litao , Geng Hongxu , Ren Chunqi , Zhang Xiangyang , Wang Jia , Jiang Hong , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng , Du Xin
Published: January 2024

Background: People with atrial fibrillation (AF) have elevated risk of developing cognitive impairment. At present, there is a dearth of randomized controlled trials investigating cognitive impairment management in patients with AF. The Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation to Recover Memory and learning (AFFIRMING) study is aimed at evaluating the potential for computerized cognitive training to improve cognitive function in patients with AF.

Methods: The study is a multi-center, double-blind, randomized controlled study using a 1:1 parallel design. A total of 200 patients with AF and mild cognitive decline without dementia are planned to be recruited. The intervention group will use the adaptive training software with changes in difficulty, whereas the positive control group will use basic training software with minimal or no variation in difficulty level. At the end of 12 weeks, the participants will be unblinded, and the positive control group will stop training. The intervention group will be rerandomized 1:1 to stop training or continue training. All participants will be followed up until 24 weeks. The primary endpoint is the proportion of the improvement of the global cognitive function at week 12 compared with baseline, using the Basic Cognitive Ability Test (BCAT).
The Development of Android Application Media Based on PQ4R Learning Strategy on Cognitive Learning Result of Class X Students on Ecosystem Materials
Authors: Indriyani Ika , Marianti Aditya
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to analyze the feasibility of the android application media based on PQ4R learning strategy according to experts and users and to find out the effectiveness of the media on the cognitive learning result of class X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Batang on ecosystem material. This type of research is Research and Development (R & D) with research procedures using the ADDIE model, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection techniques using observation, interview, questionnaire, and test. The results showed that the percentage obtained from material experts, media experts, and users, namely teachers and students with very decent criteria. The results of the study showed that there was a significant increase in cognitive learning result after using the android application media based on the PQ4R learning strategy on ecosystem material in class X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Batang which was proven by the results of hypothesis test with Fcount (16,094) > Ftable (3,93). It is also proven in the results of the average posttest score of 87.81 compared to the average pretest value of 47.20 with an N-Gain of 0.77 in the high criteria. This study concludes that the android application media based on the PQ4R learning strategy on ecosystem material was declared very feasible by material experts, media experts, and users, namely teachers and students to use in learning and effectively improve student cognitive learning result.
The Development of Electronic Pocket Book The Making Oshibana Creation Based Conservation to Train Creative Thinking Student Skill
Authors: Zahro Lisa Khoiruz , Rudyatmi Ely
Published: January 2024

The integration of conservation-based education in online learning through paperless.  Students are also assigned to make oshibana creations that apply eco-green principles to train creative thinking skills. Student’s creative thinking skills during Covid-19 decreased. This is caused by a reduction in learning hours and limited learning media. So it is necessary to develop an electronic pocket book for making oshibana creations based on conservation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of electronic pocket book for making  oshibana based conservation creations to train students creative thinking skills. This research is development research using the 4D model (define, design, development, disseminate). The feasibility of electronic pocket books is determined based on the media and material expert validation sheets. The practicality of the electronic pocket book was determined based on the teacher's and students' response questionnaires in class X APHP SMK 3 Kudus. The effectiveness of the electronic pocket book is determined based on the product assessment sheet and the student response questionnaire sheet on the use of the electronic pocket book. The results of the media expert's assessment was 95.83% (very feasible) and the material expert's assessment was 96.66% (very feasible). Teachers argue practical electronic pocket book. 20.5% of students think it is very practical, 73.5% practical and 5.8% quite practical. The number of students is very creative and creative 76.46%. 76% of students think very good, 21% good, and 3% less good about the use of electronic pocket books. This means that the electronic pocket book for making based conservation creations that has been developed is very feasible, practical, and effective to train students creative thinking skills
The Effectiveness of Real Problem-Based e-LKPD to Improve Problem Solving and Collaboration Abilities on Environmental Change Material in Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Sa'diyah Naimatus , Saptono SIgit
Published: January 2024

At Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Pati, the subject of Biology, especially the Environmental Change material, has not yet implemented e-LKPD and still uses textbooks from schools. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of real problem-based e-LKPD to improve students' problem solving and collaboration abilities on environmental change material at Madrasah Aliyah. Data collection in this study was carried out by tests and observations. The type of this research was Quasi Experiment Design which was carried out at MA Negeri 2 Pati with the research population being class X at MA Negeri 2 Pati, the samples for this research were classes X2, X4, X6, and X9. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique. The results of the study were based on the classical completeness score, the percentage of students who passed was 83.33% in the experimental class and 26.67% in the control class. The Independent Sample t-Test showed that problem solving abilities obtained a value of Sig 0.000 <0.05, meaning that there was an average difference between the posttest scores of the experimental and control classes. The results of the N-Gain Test for the experimental class obtained a value of 0.60 in the medium category and 0.29 in the control class in the low category. The results of the experimental class collaboration ability at each meeting increased and the value was higher than the control class. From the results of the study, it was concluded that e-LKPD based on real problems is effective for improving students' problem solving and collaboration abilities on the material on Environmental Change in Madrasah Aliyah.
ICT and Institutional Transformations in the Global South
Authors: Shakya Shobhit , Drechsler Wolfgang
Published: January 2024

At a juncture where various streams questioning the role of ICT in democratic governance have joined, this paper explores how a traditional South Asian institution – the Guthi – is rejuvenated, if not resuscitated, by ICT, especially – but not only – by the Communication aspect, prompted by a cataclysmic event, and also propelled towards global normative priorities. The case came to attention after the major earthquake of 2015 in Nepal. The Guthi, the traditional institution of cooperative self-governance prevalent primarily amongst the Newars of Kathmandu Valley, was in serious decline and the earthquake laid bare the void it had left behind. Leveraging on ICT and following their traditions, the communities put forward the case for their participation in rebuilding efforts. Especially this, but also those possibilities in general, “spun off” new iterations of the Guthi: neo-Guthis, sub-Guthis, and quasi-Guthis. We argue that much of the criticism that is levelled against the Guthi today ignores these and solely focuses on the ancient, guthis. As we put forth, it was the reaction to the demand of the time as well as utilizing the tools available, and even adapting the organization(s) to do so, that enabled the rejuvenation of an indigenous institution.
Energia- és tápanyagbeviteli értékek és azok kapcsolata a testösszetétellel coeliakiás betegekben
Authors: Dakó Eszter , Dakó Sarolta , Papp Veronika , Juhász Márk , Takács Johanna , Csajbókné Csobod Éva , Pálfi Erzsébet
Published: January 2024

Bevezetés: Coeliakia esetén a szigorú gluténmentes diéta mellett
nagy jelentőséggel bír az optimális testösszetétel és a kiegyensúlyozott makro-
és mikrotápanyag-tartalmú étrend. Célkitűzés: Célunk volt
felmérni az energia- és tápanyagbevitelt, a testösszetételt és ezek kapcsolatát
felnőtt, coeliakiás betegeknél. Módszer: Kutatásunk során 47,
szövettannal is igazolt coeliakiás beteg (életkor: 36 ± 11,94 év) energia- és
tápanyagbevitelét vizsgáltuk 7 napos táplálkozási-tüneti napló segítségével, a
testösszetételt bioimpedancia-analízissel (InBody 770) mértük. A táplálkozási
naplókat a NutriComp Sport 5.10 szoftver segítségével értékeltük ki.
Eredmények: A betegek étrendjének fehérje-, élelmirost-,
kalcium- és telítettzsírsav-tartalma szignifikánsan eltér a referenciaértékektől
(p<0,05). A régebben diagnosztizált és az új nőbetegek csoportja között
szignifikáns eltérés mutatkozik a vázizomtömeg-index tekintetében (új: 7,2 ± 1,2
kg/m2
vs. régi: 8,4 ± 0,8 kg/m2, p = 0,002). A
Spearman-féle rangkorreláció eredménye szerint a testtömegindex és a hozzáadott
cukor energiaszázalékos értéke statisztikailag szignifikáns, pozitív gyenge
korrelációt mutat (ρ(44) = 0,318, p = 0,031). A férfiak testzsírtömege és az
étrend hozzáadott cukortartalma statisztikailag szignifikáns, pozitív közepes
kapcsolatot mutat (ρ(8) = 0,661, p = 0,038). A nők esetében a testzsírtömeg és a
rostbevitel negatív gyenge korrelációt (ρ(33) = –0,344, p = 0,043) jelez.
Következtetés: Eredményeink megerősítik, hogy a coeliakiás
betegek tápláltsági állapotát és tápanyagbevitelét a diagnózis felállítását
követően gondosan nyomon kell követni, különösen azoknál, akiknek a
testösszetétele a megjelenéskor nem megfelelő, és/vagy akiknél táplálkozási
rizikó áll fenn. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(51): 2024–2032.
Sinus cavernosus szindrómát okozó dissectiós aneurysma kezelése áramlásmódosító sztenttel
Authors: Oláh Csaba Zsolt , Czabajszki Máté , Oláh Benedek , Demeter Béla
Published: January 2024

A sinus cavernosus szindróma egyoldalú ophthalmoplegia, autonóm diszfunkció és a
nervus trigeminus ophthalmicus vagy maxillaris ága szenzoros kiesésének
kombinációja. Fejsérülést követően sinus cavernosus szindróma jelentkezése
esetén mindenképpen gondoljunk a dissectiós eredetű aneurysma lehetőségére.
Vérzett aneurysmák mellett a ’silent’ intracranialis aneurysmákat is kezelnünk
kell, ha kompressziós tüneteket okoznak. Esetismertetésünkben egy 23 éves
nőbeteg sikeres kezelését mutatjuk be, aki esés során eszméletét vesztette, majd
azonnal jobb oldali ptosis, ophthalmoplegia és arc területi érzéskiesés
jelentkezett. Az angiográfia a jobb arteria carotis interna sinus cavernosus
szakaszán dissectiós aneurysmát igazolt, melyet a sérülést követő 6. napon
áramlásmódosító sztenttel kezeltünk. A beavatkozás szövődménymentesen zajlott,
gyors és teljes radiológiai és klinikai gyógyulást eredményezett.
Esetismertetésünk is megerősíti azt a metaanalíziseken alapuló tényt, hogy az
arteria carotis interna sinus cavernosus szakaszán jelentkező dissectiós
aneurysma áramlásmódosító sztenttel biztonságosan és sikeresen kezelhető. Ha a
kezelés minél korábban elvégezhető, akkor a sinus cavernosus szindróma minden
tünete rendeződik, az azonos oldali ophthalmoplegia és az arc érzéskiesése
néhány napon belül tökéletesen gyógyulhat. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(52):
2074–2078.
ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF THE ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS Penicillium Citrinum FROM Kalanchoe Millotii STEM THROUGH SECONDARY METABOLITES
Authors: Aisyiyah Isma Nur , Rahmawati Heni , Agustini Dewi Meliati , Purbaya Sari , Aisyah Lilis Siti , Yun Yenny Febriani
Published: January 2024

Kalanchoe, as Cocor Bebek, is a genus of plants that is often used in traditional medicine because it has various biological activities, one of which is as an antioxidant. The development of research was carried out on the secondary metabolites compounds of endophytic fungi from the stem of K. millotii as the Cocor Bebek species. Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that live in plant tissues, generally producing secondary metabolites that have bioactivities such as anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial. One of the endophytic fungi isolated from the stem of K. millotii was identified as Penicillium citrinum. The potential antioxidant activity of the secondary metabolites contained in the ethyl acetate extract of the endophytic fungus P. citrinum is interesting to study. The sample extract was extracted using non-polar, semi-polar, and polar solvents. The ethyl acetate extract was separated and purified by various chromatographic methods to obtain 8 mg compound 1, as a yellow solid. The chemical structure was determined by spectroscopic methods. Based on spectrum analysis of 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis, compound 1 was identified as 4-(2-ethylbutoxy)-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde. Antioxidant activity testing of ethyl acetate extract and compound 1 was carried out using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-pikrilhidrazyl) method. The test results on the extract showed weak activity with an IC50 value of 401.01 ppm while compound 1 showed moderate activity with an IC50 value of 221.41 ppm
Scrutinizing the antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, and anti-inflammatory activities of methanolic extract of pomegranate peel via different approaches
Authors: A. Bacha Waqas , Hamza Amir , Ali Khan Ayaz , Aziz Tariq , Wu Jianbo , Al-Asmari Fahad , Y Sameeh Manal , S Alamri Abdulhakeem , Alhomrani Majid , Alghamdi Ahmad A. , A. Alqasem Abdullah , K. Baothman Bandar , ALSuhaymi Naif , Fathuldeen Suzan M. , Ahmad Waqar
Published: January 2024

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the potential of Punica granatum L peel in mice as an antidiarrheal and antidiabetic agent. In an antidiarrheal study, different doses (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) of methanolic pomegranate peel extract (PPE) were administrated to castor oil-induced (1 mL/kg) diarrheal mice. Mice administered loperamide hydrochloride (3 mg/kg) were treated as a baseline group. During the experiment, electrolyte and hematological levels were analyzed, and at the end, histopathology of the intestine was performed. For antidiabetic activity, PPE doses (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg) and metformin hydrochloride were administered to alloxan-induced (150 mg/kg) diabetic mice groups, and biochemical and hematological parameters were analyzed. Liver histopathology was done at the end of the experiment. The study found that castor oil caused diarrhea and had a significant (p < 0.05) impact on hematological parameters and electrolyte levels, compared with negative control group. PPE helped to restore altered parameters to normal levels. Histopathology of positive control group revealed abnormal cell structures, with irregularly arranged villi, unclear mucosal architecture of the ileal section, and nuclei cells were damaged and prone to collapsing. Significant dose-dependent recovery was observed in PPE-fed mice groups. After inducing and confirmation of diabetes with alloxan, all groups, except the negative control group, had significantly high glucose levels (p < 0.05). Levels of C-reactive protein and bilirubin were significantly altered, but PPE and metformin hydrochloride showed potential to improve these parameters. In positive control group mice, liver histology showed microvesicular fatty changes throughout the acinus, reactive Kupffer cells, mid-portal inflammation, reduced portal triad, centrilobular visibility, and well-differentiated central vein with well-formed nuclei. Similarly, significant dose-dependent recovery was observed in PPE-administrated mice groups. These results demonstrated that PPE had promising antidiarrheal and antidiabetic potential.
Evaluation of the durum wheat landrace genetic diversity using agro analysis and its benefit for human health
Authors: Ihsan Mohammad , Khan Arshad , Nazir Nausheen , Nisar Mohammad , Jan Tour , Ullah Shariat , Aziz Tariq , Al-Asmari Fahad , Alshareef Sahar A , Aljabri Maha , Sameeh Manal Y
Published: January 2024

Ancient wheat and landraces (traditional varieties) are fascinating to the consideration of scientists who are re-evaluating the healthy and dietary properties attributed to them by popular tradition. Wheat (Triticum durum) is one of the most significant crops that is grown all over the world. In the present study, 19 landraces were analyzed for genetic diversity through morphological and SDS-PAGE analysis. The highest coefficient of variance (18.91%) was found for spike length, and the lowest for days to maturity (1.51%). The genotype Malakand and Dolram produced a maximum number of seeds (42 and 46 seeds per plant), and the genotypes Dogai and Rasool Banda were found to be the tallest (73 and 71 cm, respectively). The genotype Kamar Kotki was found to mature early (165 days) while Doagi was found to mature late (171 days). Spike length was found to be positively correlated with plant height, leaf width, and leaf length. Leaf width was significant with spike length and the internode distance. The cluster analysis divided all the genotypes into six sub-clusters where the Asban and the Shekhan were placed at the extreme of the dendrogram. Based on the total seed storage proteins analysis, 18 (85.71%) bands were polymorphic while 14.28% bands were found to be monomorphic. Using Ward’s methods, all the genotypes were divided into two main lineages at 25% Euclidian distance and five sub-clusters at 75% distance. Our findings have significance for understanding the variations and relationships between various durum wheat genotypes and could serve as a basis for local elite durum germplasm that has been regionally adapted.
FISH FARMING IS A PROMISING BRANCH OF ENSURING FOOD SECURITY OF THE EARTH'S POPULATION
Authors: Vorona N. , Iegorov B.
Published: January 2024

Based on marketing research, it has been proven that aquaculture is one of the fastest growing branches of food production in the world. The main method of increasing fish productivity in ponds is fish feeding, which is an objective reality with high intensification of fish farming. With the intensification of production processes, the role of feeding is constantly increasing, and the cost of feeding in the cost price of fish is about 40% and has an upward trend. In this connection, the problem of rational feed use becomes extremely important. It is justified that the use of high-quality feed and feed additives in the diet of fattening animals significantly increases the productivity and profitability of the operation of livestock, poultry, and fish farms. 160 factories are engaged in the compound feeds production in Ukraine, the production capacity of which is 7.5 million tons per year. The specified indicator should be realistically increased to 15 million tons of finished products per year. It is established that we will need to produce 60 percent more food by 2050 to feed the world's 9.3 billion people according to estimates compiled by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Therefore, animal protein production is expected to increase with this increase. According to IFIF estimates, the world production of compound feeds has reached more than 1 billion tons per year. Top 10 countries in world compound feed production in 2021–2022 are presented (according to Alltech Agri-Food Outlook 2023). The structure of compound feeds production by types of agricultural animals and poultry in the world in 2022 is summarized. It is proved that the production of fish compound feeds continues to grow in all the world regions. In the world (as well as in Ukraine), fishing and aquaculture play and will play a significant role in the coming centuries in ensuring the food security of the global population. It is necessary to make changes in policy, management, stimulate innovation and investment to the industry to ensure the food security of the planet through fisheries and aquaculture. It is established that the world volume of aquatic bioresources production is constantly growing and in 2022 reached the value of 176 million t/year. More than 150 million tons of aquatic biological resources were used for human consumption. In the conditions of the formation of market relations, against the background of significant costs for feed, feeding fish should be based on careful calculations, the logical conclusion of which should be economic expediency. On the basis of the marketing research of the situation on the market of feed supplements, a shortage of protein vitamin supplements and complete feeds for domestically produced fish was revealed. The restraining factors for the use of foreign supplements are their cost and interruptions in supply.
UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION AND GLOBAL SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF SEISMIC FRAGILITY CURVES USING KRIGING
Authors: Gauchy Clement , Feau C. , Garnier Josselin
Published: January 2024

Seismic fragility curves have been introduced as key components of seismic probabilistic risk assessment studies. They express the probability of failure of mechanical structures conditional to a seismic intensity measure and must take into account various sources of uncertainties, the so-called epistemic uncertainties (i.e., coming from the uncertainty on the mechanical parameters of the structure) and the aleatory uncertainties (i.e., coming from the randomness of the seismic ground motions). For simulation-based approaches we propose a methodology to build and calibrate a Gaussian process surrogate model to estimate a family of nonparametric seismic fragility curves for a mechanical structure by propagating both the surrogate model uncertainty and the epistemic ones. Gaussian processes have indeed the main advantage to propose both a predictor and an assessment of the uncertainty of its predictions. In addition, we extend this methodology to sensitivity analysis. Global sensitivity indices such as aggregated Sobol' indices and kernel-based indices are proposed to know how the uncertainty on the seismic fragility curves is apportioned according to each uncertain mechanical parameter. This comprehensive uncertainty quantification framework is finally applied to an industrial test case consisting of a part of a piping system of a pressurized water reactor.
Institution of Civil Engineers awards first Chartered Infrastructure Engineer title
Authors: Nguyen Anh
Published: January 2024

The Institution of Civil Engineers awarded its first Chartered Infrastructure Engineer title at the end of last year. Content strategy manager Anh Nguyen explains the background and significance of the Institution’s first new professional title in 100 years.
Leading a flagship civil engineering journal in changing waters: an editor’s perspective
Authors: McMahon Paula
Published: January 2024

In December 2023, Paula McMahon stepped down after 5 years as honorary editor of the Institution of Civil Engineers’ flagship journal Civil Engineering. She reflects on how both the journal and profession have changed – and discusses the ongoing challenges both now face.
Making connections for a nature- and people-positive world
Authors: Shah Anusha
Published: January 2024

This is an abridged transcript of the inaugural address of Anusha Shah, who became the 159th President of the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) on 7 November 2023. Her full address, which included a short film, is available on the ICE website.
Port and inland waterway design and operation in the face of climate change uncertainty
Authors: Brooke Jan , Giovando Jeremy , Dahl Travis A , Joyner Brian , Herbert Laure
Published: January 2024

Climate change is a key business risk for ports and inland waterways and, therefore, a key consideration for the design and operation of this infrastructure. While risk and vulnerability are typically assessed using historical information, possible future climates now also need to be considered, using quantitative climate datasets whenever possible. The current challenge is the range of availability – and levels of uncertainty – for specific parameters that are important to ports and inland waterways. When quantitative information is available, a scenario-based approach can be used to identify an appropriate range of projections for assessing risks and designing structures. Notwithstanding the availability of quantitative data, however, adaptive solutions should be favoured. This is especially important where residual uncertainty is high and/or where significant or complex investments are involved. The development of adaptation pathways enables the implementation of phased responses as climate-related hazards, such as pluvial flooding or sea-level rise, evolve. The adaptation pathway approach also reduces the risk of maladaptation associated with the assumption of a deterministic future condition for the design life of the asset or operation.
A természettudományos műveltség meghatározása és jellemzése
Authors: Csorba F. László
Published: January 2024

A természettudományos műveltség tartalmi tudás és készség a teremtett világ, a természet megértésére, megóvására és felelős alakítására. Alapja az a meggyőződés, hogy a természetben rend uralkodik. Ez a műveltség a kultúra része, mely a természet és a vele kölcsönhatásban élő közösség története során kibontakozott tudás hordozója és a közösség fennmaradásának egyik meghatározó feltétele.
18. századi tudományos ismeretek megjelenése a kortárs természettudományban korabeli források alapján
Authors: Lysewycz Adrienn , Pipics János
Published: January 2024

2020 tavasza óta kutatjuk a 18. század végének magyar folyóiratait, vizsgálódásunk tárgya a természettudományok és képviselőik, eredményeik megjelenése a korszak magyar nyelvű periodikáiban. A témával foglalkozó eddigi publikációinkban egy-egy érdekesebb, korábban részletesen nem elemzett forrást vagy annak jelentősebb részleteit mutattunk be. Tanulmányunkban ezúttal két kiemelkedő fontosságú szöveget, a Sokféle 5. darabját és Segesvári István debreceni orvos Hell Miksa emlékére írt versét szeretnénk ismertetni a művel foglalkozó korábbi munkáink megállapításait összegezve, kiemelve szemléletük, módszereik néhány meglepően modernnek ható vonását, ma is elfogadott vagy a korszak vélekedését tekintve újdonságként ható állításaikat, a tudományt éltető hangvételüket. A források tudomány iránti bizalma, lelkesedése, a felvilágosodás felfedezhető hatásai és az új ismeretek iránti igény, kíváncsiság napjainkban is kiemelkedővé teszik őket, miközben tartalmuk érdekes, nyelvezetük könnyen értelmezhető, éppen ezért bevonhatók a természettudományos képzésbe akár a közoktatás akár a felsőoktatás tananyát kiegészítve.
"Exergames" para la mejora de la salud en niños y niñas en edad escolar: estudio a partir de hábitos sedentarios e índices de obesidad / «Exergames» to improve the health of school children: study of sedentary lifestyle and obesity rates
Authors: Chacón Cuberos Ramón , Espejo Garcés Tamara , Cabrera Fernández Ángel , Castro Sánchez Manuel , López Fernández José Francisco , Zurita Ortega Félix
Published: January 2024

El sedentarismo asociado a las nuevas tecnologías es uno de los principales factores relacionados con la obesidad infantil. Este estudio propone aliarnos con las mismas para realizar actividad física y combatir dicho problema. La investigación contó 623 participantes en edad escolar, lo que permitió el registro y valoración de la relación existente entre hábitos sedentarios relacionados con las videoconsolas y el grado de sobrepeso de esta muestra. Para recoger los datos de las variables se utilizaron diversos instrumentos (cuestionario de elaboración propia, cintra métrica y báscula). Los resultados indicaron que un sexto de la población estudiada tenía exceso de peso y que la mayoría tenía videoconsola. Igualmente, se demostró que 6 de cada 10 encuestados preferían los videojuegos con movimiento frente a los tradicionales. Además, aparecieron diferencias estadísticas entre los tipos de juegos y la frecuencia de juego; manifestando que los escolares que jugaban de forma cotidiana preferían los «exergames».AbstractA sedentary lifestyle associated with new technologies is one of the main factors related to current childhood obesity; therefore, this study proposes to use these technologies to do physical activity and combat this problem. The research was carried out using 623 school children, which allowed for the recording and assessment of the relationship between various sedentary habits related to consoles and the level of obesity that a group of school children have. We used several measuring instruments to collect the data of the variables (such as test, measuring tape and scales). The results indicated that one-sixth of the study's population was overweight and most of children had a console. Also, the investigation showed that 6 out of 10 respondents preferred videogames with motion versus traditional videogames. In addition, the study evinced statistical differences in the kind of games and frequency of play; manifesting that frequent players preferred the «exergames».
Exploración de la capacidad de liderazgo para la incorporación de TICC en educación: validación de un instrumento / Exploring the leadership to incorporate TICC in education: validation of an instrument
Authors: Espinosa Diaz Yessica , Báez Luis Lloréns
Published: January 2024

El supuesto principal del que parte este artículo, es que el liderazgo en equipos directivos de una organización educativa, es un factor crítico de éxito en iniciativas de incorporación de tecnologías de información, comunicación y colaboración (TICC) en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Sobre esta base, se diseñó un instrumento para conocer la percepción de docentes sobre el liderazgo de equipos directivos, a fin de establecer las condiciones de factibilidad existentes para impulsar proyectos de incorporación de TICC en instituciones de educación superior en México. El instrumento está integrado por 31 ítems distribuidos en cuatro variables: competencia digital, liderazgo visionario, liderazgo estratégico e inteligencia contextual. La validez de contenido del instrumento se realizó a través del juicio de expertos utilizando el modelo de Lawshe (1975) modificado por Tristán (2008); y se aplicó una prueba piloto para realizar un análisis de consistencia interna, a través del cálculo del coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. En los resultados se generó una razón de validez de contenido con valor máximo de 1.00 y mínimo de 0.50, para el índice de validez de contenido se obtuvo un valor de 0.91, por encima del 0.58 que se sugiere en el modelo de Tristán. Asimismo, en relación a la confiabilidad se obtuvo un coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach de 0.98. Estos resultados nos indican que el instrumento puede pasar a una siguiente fase para su aplicación a en una escala mayor, a partir de lo cual se tendrán las condiciones para analizar la validez de constructo.Abstract
Análisis del conocimiento del código PEGI en la formación inicial del profesorado / Analysis of Pegi code's knowledge on Teacher Education
Authors: Guerra Antequera Jorge , Revuelta Domínguez Francisco Ignacio
Published: January 2024

El desconocimiento del código PEGI por parte de padres, madres y docentes es un problema para el consumo responsable de videojuegos. La ignorancia de los símbolos y la falta de formación para interpretarlos hace que a pesar de estar ubicado desde hace años en las portadas y contraportadas de los videojuegos sea un desconocido por los consumidores y lo obvien a la hora de consultar la idoneidad del producto. Se realizó una investigación para conocer qué vinculaba al código PEGI con el contexto educativo haciendo que el alumnado de Grado de Infantil utilizasen este código para clasificar videojuegos y decidir sobre si son o no adecuados para la inclusión en la práctica educativa. Es de interés que los docentes conozcan este sistema pues son productos culturales relevantes que están presentes en el ocio de los discentes y cada vez en mayor medida en las aulas de todos los niveles educativos.AbstractIgnorance of the PEGI code by parents and teachers is a problem for videogame responsible consumption. Ignorance of the symbols and the lack of training makes it hard to interpret. Despite being located in the front and back of the game for years is unknown by consumers and they obviate it to consult the suitability of the product. An investigation to determine what PEGI code linked to the educational context so that the pupils and students of Grade Child utilization this code to classify video games and decide whether they are suitable for inclusion in the educational practice is conducted. It is of interest that the teachers know these systems as they are relevant cultural products are present in the leisure learners and increasingly more in the classroom at all educational levels.