bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reassessing Bernard Bailyn's The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution on the Occasion of its Jubilee
Authors: Wood Gordon S.
Published: March 2018

This essay places Bernard Bailyn's The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution in its historiographical context, addresses its implications for the Constitutional settlement, and places it within current scholarly debates on the Revolution. In the last, it argues, the Ideological Origins offers a contrasting vision of history and the historian to the recent focus on issues of race, class, and gender and demand that history meet contemporary needs.
The Rosa Luxemburg Myth: A Critique of Luxemburg’s Politics in Poland (1893–1919)
Authors: Blanc Eric
Published: March 2018

This article challenges widespread uncritical portrayals of Rosa Luxemburg. By examining the politics and practices of Luxemburg and her SDKPiL party in Poland, I show that their commitment to proletarian emancipation was undermined by sectarian and doctrinaire tendencies that contributed to the defeat of Poland’s workers’ revolutions in 1905 and 1918–19. A critical analysis of their approaches to the national question, the Polish Socialist Party, German Social Democracy, and the role of the revolutionary party, undermines the prevailing romanticisation of Luxemburg. I argue that the Polish Socialist Party, Luxemburg’s main political rival, posed a viable Marxist alternative for Poland’s revolutionary movement.
Cooperation or Conflicts: The Development of the Photovoltaic Fields in China and the eu Member States
Authors: Li Xiaohua
Published: March 2018

China and the eu are important economies and among the greatest green-house gas emitters in the world. Therefore, strengthening cooperation between the eu and China in the renewable field is vital to prevent the earth from getting any warmer. However, the renewable field which include energy equipment, products manufacturing, and operating systems, is a huge market that is worth billions of dollars. Because of their different economic interest, a trade war (anti-dumping and countervailing investigation) broke out between China and eu in the pv industry which includes solar panels, solar glass and solar-grade polysilicon. Could there be cooperation between China and eu Member States in the photovoltaic fields instead of conflict? This paper illustrates the development of pv solar energy and the conflict between eu and China, discusses the main support policies in both the eu and China and their influence on cooperation and conflict, and compares the differences in strengths and weaknesses between the eu and China. This paper draws the conclusion that cooperation between China and the eu in the pv industry could be achieved, and industrial policies should be adjusted in order to avoid or alleviate the conflict.
Speech and Harm: Genocide Denial, Hate Speech and Freedom of Expression
Authors: Pégorier Clotilde
Published: March 2018

This article expounds upon the issue of genocide denial, especially its particular relations to freedom of expression and hate speech. It proceeds from the twin view that the gravity of the act of denial is such that anti-denial legislations are not irreconcilable with democratic standards and the principle of freedom of expression, and that what is required in the wake of recent high-profile rulings favouring freedom of expression is not an abandonment of attempts to develop a workable framework for criminalising denial, but rather renewed investment in thinking through operable approaches that are more finely-attuned to the characteristics of denial and its consequences. The aim of the contribution is thus to offer a re-examination of the relations between genocide denial, freedom of expression and hate speech, and, on this basis, to venture new possibilities for confronting denial via reference to the current framework(s) of hate speech.
New records of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) primarily from Colombia
Authors: CLAVIJO PEDRO ALEXANDER RODRIGUEZ , NORRBOM ALLEN L. , PEÑARANDA EMILIO ARÉVALO , TEHRAN FRANCISCO BALSEIRO , DÍAZ PAULA ANDREA , BENITEZ MARIA CLARA , GALLEGO JEISSON , CRUZ MARIA ISABEL , MONTES JOSÉ M. , RODRIGUEZ ERICK J. , STECK GARY J. , SUTTON BRUCE D. , RAMOS ELIZABETH QUISBERTH , SÁNCHEZ JUAN JOSÉ LAGRAVA , COLQUE FREDDY
Published: March 2018

New distribution information, primarily from Colombia, is provided for 60 species of Anastrepha, including the first records of 33 species from Colombia: A. acca Norrbom, A. acris Stone, A. amita Zucchi, A. amplidentata Norrbom, A. atrox (Aldrich), A. barbiellinii Lima, A. bezzii Lima, A. canalis Stone, A. cocorae Norrbom & Korytkowski, A. compressa Stone, A. cordata Aldrich, A. crebra Stone, A. cryptostrepha Hendel, A. cryptostrephoides Norrbom & Korytkowski, A. furcata Lima, A. fuscicauda Norrbom & Korytkowski, A. galbina Stone, A. grandicarina Norrbom & Korytkowski, A. hamata (Loew), A. katiyari Norrbom, A. macrura Hendel, A. margarita Caraballo, A. minuta Stone, A. nigripalpis Hendel, A. normalis Norrbom, A. pastranai Blanchard, A. pseudanomala Norrbom, A. pulchra Stone, A. similis Greene, A. speciosa Stone, A. urichi Greene, A. willei Korytkowski, and A. zuelaniae Stone. In addition, A. acris is reported from Costa Rica, A. alveata Stone from El Salvador, A. antunesi Lima and A. bahiensis Lima from Bolivia, A. barbiellinii from Trinidad & Tobago, A. bezzii, A. canalis, A. coronilli Carrejo & González, A. cryptostrepha and A. minuta from Bolivia, and A. willei from Argentina and Bolivia. A list of the 83 species of Anastrepha now known to occur in Colombia is provided, as well as illustrations of at least the wing and aculeus tip or male genitalia for 60 species.
Low Cloud Cover Sensitivity to Biomass-Burning Aerosols and Meteorology over the Southeast Atlantic
Authors: Adebiyi Adeyemi A. , Zuidema Paquita
Published: March 2018

Shortwave-absorbing aerosols seasonally cover and interact with an expansive low-level cloud deck over the southeast Atlantic. Daily anomalies of the MODIS low cloud fraction, fine-mode aerosol optical depth (AODf), and six ERA-Interim meteorological parameters (lower-tropospheric stability, 800-hPa subsidence, 600-hPa specific humidity, 1000- and 800-hPa horizontal temperature advection, and 1000-hPa geopotential height) are constructed spanning July–October (2001–12). A standardized multiple linear regression, whereby the change in the low cloud fraction to each component’s variability is normalized by one standard deviation, facilitates comparison between the different variables. Most cloud–meteorology relationships follow expected behavior for stratocumulus clouds. Of interest is the low cloud–subsidence relationship, whereby increasing subsidence increases low cloud cover between 10° and 20°S but decreases it elsewhere. Increases in AODf increase cloudiness everywhere, independent of other meteorological predictors. The cloud–AODf effect is partially compensated by accompanying increases in the midtropospheric moisture, which is associated with decreases in low cloud cover. This suggests that the free-tropospheric moisture affects the low cloud deck primarily through longwave radiation rather than mixing. The low cloud cover is also more sensitive to aerosol when the vertical distance between the cloud and aerosol layer is relatively small, which is more likely to occur early in the biomass burning season and farther offshore. A parallel statistical analysis that does not include AODf finds altered relationships between the low cloud cover changes and meteorology that can be understood through the aerosol cross-correlations with the meteorological predictors. For example, the low cloud–stability relationship appears stronger if aerosols are not explicitly included.
Wind-Driven Circulation in a Shelf Valley. Part II: Dynamics of the Along-Valley Velocity and Transport
Authors: Zhang Weifeng , Lentz Steven J.
Published: March 2018

The dynamics controlling the along-valley (cross shelf) flow in idealized shallow shelf valleys with small to moderate Burger number are investigated, and analytical scales of the along-valley flows are derived. This paper follows Part I, which shows that along-shelf winds in the opposite direction to coastal-trapped wave propagation (upwelling regime) force a strong up-valley flow caused by the formation of a lee wave. In contrast, along-shelf winds in the other direction (downwelling regime) do not generate a lee wave and consequently force a relatively weak net down-valley flow. The valley flows in both regimes are cyclostrophic with O(1) Rossby number. A major difference between the two regimes is the along-shelf length scales of the along-valley flows Lx. In the upwelling regime Lx depends on the valley width Wc and the wavelength λlw of the coastal-trapped lee wave arrested by the along-shelf flow Us. In the downwelling regime Lx depends on the inertial length scale |Us|/f and Wc. The along-valley velocity scale in the upwelling regime, given byis based on potential vorticity (PV) conservation and lee-wave dynamics (Hs and Hc are the shelf and valley depth scales, respectively, and f is the Coriolis parameter). The velocity scale in the downwelling regime, given by is based on PV conservation. The velocity scales are validated by the numerical sensitivity simulations and can be useful for observational studies of along-valley transports. The work provides a framework for investigating cross-shelf transport induced by irregular shelf bathymetry and calls for future studies of this type under realistic environmental conditions and over a broader parameter space.
Polycentricity of urban watershed governance: Towards a methodological approach
Authors: Frimpong Boamah Emmanuel
Published: March 2018

This paper makes an initial contribution towards building a polycentricity index to account for the governing of social–ecological systems. It develops three indices and an overall index, using an approach based on network science, to measure the extent to which actors develop ordered relationships to address scale mismatches in urban water governance. These indices are discussed with respect to the overarching system of rules governing actors’ decisions within the Middle Rio Grande (MRG) urban watershed. The analysis and discussions herein suggest that the governance of the MRG is a predominantly monocentric governing system with elements of polycentricity. They also suggest that polycentricity in governing the MRG urban water commons could primarily be about the politics of power and resource distribution as actors reconfigure their positionalities and align themselves and their interests strategically. The paper concludes with a succinct discussion about how quantitative measures of an overarching system of rules could be incorporated into future indices.
The politics of employment relations in a multinational corporation during crisis
Authors: Clibborn Stephen
Published: March 2018

Much progress has been made recognising the importance of power and politics in organisational processes but legal regulatory institutional constraints on actors remain overemphasised in the extant literature. This article provides unique insight into organisational processes during the global economic crisis. The glare of crisis illuminates the negotiated nature of organisational processes and outcomes, demonstrating the range of options available to actors, both within and beyond apparent legal institutional limits. General Motors has received significant publicity for its near collapse, government bailout and restructure through bankruptcy proceedings. During the crisis the company made changes impacting its global workforce. This article tracks three key employment practices from development in the United States headquarters to implementation in the Australian subsidiary in the context of inconsistent local laws. Directives to cut pay for some employees, freeze pay for others and terminate the employment of a large number of workers were received and implemented in the subsidiary in varying and counterintuitive ways. Institutional consistency does not guarantee successful transfer, while even host country legal institutional inconsistency is no guarantee of failure.
Reconciling the Dilemma of Knowledge Sharing: A Network Pluralism Framework of Firms’ R&D Alliance Network and Innovation Performance
Authors: Zhang Jiamin , Jiang Han , Wu Rui , Li Jizhen
Published: March 2018

This study highlights a theoretical dilemma about the mixed implications of a firm’s R&D alliance network for its innovation performance. That is, knowledge sharing among R&D alliance partners can both benefit the focal firm with access to external knowledge and skill sets and expose it to potential risks of knowledge leakage and misappropriation, thus both advancing and hampering the focal firm’s innovation performance. Drawing on the network pluralism perspective, we address this dilemma by highlighting the interplay between the network embeddedness forces exerted by a firm’s R&D alliance network and other networks the focal firm participates in. Specifically, we find that a strong industrial network built upon the coalition and associations among peer firms in the focal firm’s industry can intensify the nonmonotonic (inverted U-shaped) effect of an R&D alliance network on the firm’s innovation performance, while the firm’s strong political connections with governments can weaken the effect of an R&D alliance network. In addition, such interplay between different networks tends to be strengthened by the focal firm’s technological capability.
Multicenter Assessment of Antibiotic Prophylaxis Spectrum on Surgical Infections in Head and Neck Cancer Microvascular Reconstruction
Authors: Veve Michael P. , Greene Joshua B. , Williams Amy M. , Davis Susan L. , Lu Nina , Shnayder Yelizaveta , Li David X. , Noureldine Salem I. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Lin Lawrence O. , Hanasono Matthew M. , Pipkorn Patrik , Jackson Ryan S. , Hornig Joshua D. , Light Tyler , Wax Mark K. , Yiu Yin , Bekeny James , Old Matthew , Hernandez David , Patel Urjeet A. , Ghanem Tamer A.
Published: March 2018

Objective

To characterize and identify risk factors for 30‐day surgical site infections (SSIs) in patients with head and neck cancer who underwent microvascular reconstruction.

Study Design

Cross‐sectional study with nested case‐control design.

Setting

Nine American tertiary care centers.

Subjects and Methods

Hospitalized patients were included if they underwent head and neck cancer microvascular reconstruction from January 2003 to March 2016. Cases were defined as patients who developed 30‐day SSI; controls were patients without SSI at 30 days. Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (POABP) regimens were categorized by Gram‐negative (GN) spectrum: no GN coverage, enteric GN coverage, and enteric with antipseudomonal GN coverage. All POABP regimens retained activity against anaerobes and Gram‐positive bacteria. Thirty‐day prevalence of and risk factors for SSI were evaluated.

Results

A total of 1307 patients were included. Thirty‐day SSI occurred in 189 (15%) patients; median time to SSI was 11.5 days (interquartile range, 7‐17). Organisms were isolated in 59% of SSI; methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9%) were uncommon. A total of 1003 (77%) patients had POABP data: no GN (17%), enteric GN (52%), and antipseudomonal GN (31%). Variables independently associated with 30‐day SSI were as follows: female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1‐2.2), no GN POABP (aOR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.5‐3.3), and surgical duration ≥11.8 hours (aOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3‐2.7). Longer POABP durations (≥6 days) or antipseudomonal POABP had no association with SSI.

Conclusions

POABP without GN coverage was significantly associated with SSI and should be avoided. Antipseudomonal POABP or longer prophylaxis durations (≥6 days) were not protective against SSI. Antimicrobial stewardship interventions should be made to limit unnecessary antibiotic exposures, prevent the emergence of resistant organisms, and improve patient outcomes.
Socioeconomic correlates of dietary diversity and its association with adherence and psychosocial functioning of people living with HIV in rural Zambia
Authors: Masa Rainier , Chowa Gina , Nyirenda Victor
Published: March 2018

Background:

The intersection of nutrition and HIV underscores the importance of adequate food and a diverse diet. In communities with high prevalence of food insecurity and HIV, there is a substantial co-occurrence of low dietary diversity, undernutrition, and adverse health outcomes.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to identify correlates of individual dietary diversity (IDD) and its association with health outcomes for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in rural Zambia.

Methods:

The study used a cross-sectional design using data from 101 PLHIV. We calculated IDD using a composite score based on dietary diversity, food frequency, and the relative nutritional importance of different food groups. Adherence was measured using the visual analog scale. Psychosocial functioning was measured using the Structural Barriers to Medication-taking Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale. Data were analyzed using linear and logistic regressions. Multiple imputation was conducted to address missing data.

Results:

Staples were the most commonly consumed food group. Income and household size were negatively associated with IDD scores. Assets were positively associated with IDD scores. Residing in Lundazi and having a poor or fair self-rated health were associated with lower IDD scores. IDD was also associated, albeit not significant, with desirable health outcomes, including adherence and lower levels of perceived barriers to pill taking and stress.

Conclusions:

Findings suggest a heterogeneous effect of socioeconomic variables on IDD. Understanding this heterogeneity is important for the design of interventions. Interventions that combine opportunities to generate economic resources with food and nutrition coaching may be appropriate and effective.
Analysis of factors associated with development of Bacille Calmette–Guérin inoculation site change in patients with Kawasaki disease
Authors: Araki Tooru , Kodera Aya , Kitada Kunimi , Fujiwara Michimasa , Muraoka Michiko , Abe Yoshiko , Ikeda Masanori , Tsukahara Hirokazu
Published: March 2018

Objective

The present study was performed to identify factors associated with a Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) inoculation site change in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD).

Methods

Among patients who had received BCG vaccination and treatment for KD at our hospital from 2005 through 2016, 177 patients born in 2005 through 2016 were enrolled. The patients were divided into those with (n = 83, change group) and without (n = 94, no-change group) a BCG site change, and the patient demographics, clinical severity, blood examination results, and echocardiographic findings were compared between the two groups.

Results

The change group was younger at onset and had a shorter interval from vaccination to onset. A BCG site change was observed in patients who developed the onset of KD symptoms from 31 to 806 days after BCG vaccination. Multivariate analysis showed that the interval from vaccination was closely and positively associated with the BCG site change (hazard ratio = 0.995, 95% confidence interval = 0.993–0.997).

Conclusion

A BCG site change in patients with KD is most closely associated with the interval from BCG vaccination to onset.
Quality Review in Psychiatry
Authors: Reiss Jeffrey P. , Jarmain Sarah , Vasudev Kamini
Published: March 2018

This position paper has been substantially revised by the Canadian Psychiatric Association’s Professional Standards and Practice Committee and approved for republication by the CPA’s Board of Directors on August 31, 2016. The original position paper1 was developed by the Professional Standards and Practice Council and approved by the Board of Directors on April 9, 1994.
Influence of ply blocking on tensile stiffness in woven flax–carbon hybrids
Authors: Kureemun U , Haris A , Teo WS , Tran LQN , Lee HP
Published: March 2018

The influence of carbon ply blocking on tensile stiffness in interlaminar flax–carbon epoxy hybrids is studied through various lamination schemes of similar nominal fiber volume fractions. Finite element mesoscale analysis accounting for distortions induced during compaction in the thinner carbon plies as a result of crimp mismatch was conducted. These distortions are shown to undermine hybrid stiffness, the extent of which is less pronounced when plies are blocked due to fewer hybrid interfaces, denoting that higher stiffness is achievable with blocked carbon plies. Backed by experimental evidences, it is suggested that detailed analysis on hybrid stiffness should treat hybrid interface as an independent variable a priori, and that modeling tools for carbon–flax fiber reinforced composites should consider not only the nonlinearity of flax response but also the waviness of both fabrics.
Union Rate and Rate of Hardware Removal Following Plate Fixation of Metatarsal Shaft and Neck Fractures
Authors: Bryant Tony , Beck David M. , Daniel Joseph N. , Pedowitz David I. , Raikin Steven M.
Published: March 2018

Background:

There have been very few studies related to the treatment of first, second, third, and fourth (MT) metatarsal shaft and neck fractures. In order to reduce metatarsal fracture malunion, many surgeons have turned from K-wire to plate fixation of these fractures. This study reports the healing rates, final fracture angulation, and need for hardware removal of operatively treated first to fourth MT shaft and neck fractures with plate fixation.

Methods:

A retrospective review was performed on all metatarsal fractures at our institution between 2008 and 2014 to identify all first to fourth MT shaft and neck fractures. Medical records and radiographs were reviewed for evidence of union, sagittal, and coronal fracture angulation (degrees), time to full weight bearing, plate size, fracture location (neck vs shaft), and number of screws on each side of the fracture. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to make calculations of statistical significance.

Results:

Forty-five patients with a total of 75 first to fourth MT fractures treated with plate fixation were included in this study. All fractures went on to union and full weight bearing. The average time to union and time to full weight bearing was 10.9 ± 2 weeks and 7.5 ± 1.6 weeks, respectively. The average coronal and sagittal plane angulation was 3.9 and 2.2 degrees, respectively. Fractures located in the neck were found to have higher coronal plane angulation malunion compared with fractures in the shaft ( P = .019). No variable was found to be related to final sagittal plane angulation. No patient had a plate removed, and 26 of 27 of patients did not want to have the plate removed.

Conclusion:

Metatarsal fractures fixed with plates had high rates of union and low final fracture angulation. No patient included in this study underwent hardware removal.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative study.
Teaching Integrated Social Network Marketing Communication with a Portfolio of Experiential Exercises Methods
Authors: Cronin John J.
Published: March 2018

Essential to advertisers’ successful use of the new social networks on the Internet is the application of the integrated marketing communication (IMC) concept. This paper provides a portfolio of step-by-step experiential exercises that may be used by advertising educators to develop students’ ability to integrate communication on social networks. Results of the use of the exercises in an advertising course are also presented.
Oops, i did it Again: What Students Need to know about Managing Information in a Social Media World
Authors: Labrecque Lauren I. , Milne George R. , Phelps Joseph E. , Peltier James W. , Thompson David
Published: March 2018

This paper reviews research from the special session on Privacy Research and Educational Issues at the 2010 Direct/Interactive Marketing Research Summit by providing summaries of the three presentations and offering related classroom activities. These presentations focused on aspects of information exchange in an online environment and illustrated the motivations and complexities individuals face in regards to online information disclosure choices. The classroom exercises developed from this research allow students to consider the management of their own information in an attempt to learn valuable lessons concerning the importance of awareness, management and persistency as they transition from students to advertising professionals.
Choosing and Evaluating Digital and Online Media: A Conceptual/Instructional Model
Authors: Beard Fred K. , Yang Aimei
Published: March 2018

As expenditures in online advertising and public relations continue to increase, students should be prepared for the opportunities and challenges presented by an increasingly interactive Web 2.0 world. Yet a review of both the pedagogical and research literatures revealed no established framework around which educators or students can readily comprehend the many existing and emerging uses of digital media and the increasingly varied and sophisticated means for evaluating their effectiveness. This article addresses this gap in the literature with a conceptual and instructional model of online and digital media selection and evaluation. The article concludes with recommendations for future conceptual work on the topic of digital media and the assessment of their effectiveness.
Rethinking the Role of Grammar in the Advertising and Marketing Curriculum
Authors: Oaks Dallin D.
Published: March 2018

The role of grammar instruction in a university curriculum is commonly assumed to be a corrective one, helping prepare people to produce error-free writing. But grammatical knowledge can also serve a significant role in the creative language tasks commonly faced by those who work in advertising and marketing. Through a demonstration of several important ways in which grammatical knowledge can be usefully applied in the creative work of advertising and marketing professionals, the author intends to show the importance not only of introducing grammar instruction into advertising and marketing curricula where it is not currently taught, but also of revising the approach and content of such grammar instruction in those advertising and marketing curricula where it may currently exist.
Graduate Account Planning Education: Insights from the Classroom
Authors: Mackert Michael , Munoz Isaac I.
Published: March 2018

While account planning as a discipline has existed in advertising agencies for decades, research related to account planning has been somewhat limited – particularly research focused on account planning education. Existing research in this area has focused on broader issues related to account planning education, with less focus on the in-classroom experience. This commentary shares the views and experiences of two relative outsiders – an academic teaching an introductory account planning seminar and a professional account planner entering academia. It seeks to initiate conversation and investigation about the role of in-classroom experience on preparing students for careers in account planning.
Giving Students the Competitive Edge: Selecting Clients for Client-Based Projects
Authors: West Jean Jaymes , Simmons Donna
Published: March 2018

During a period of diminishing employment opportunities for college graduates, client-based projects (CBPs) are a powerful tool in giving students much needed real-world experience. In today's job market, these experiences give them competitive advantages over their peers. Employers agree and report that students who have real-world client-based projects through coursework enter the workforce better prepared. The authors believe a key factor in client-based project success is selecting clients who understand their role in educating future professionals in advertising and public relations. This article focuses on the selection of clients for client-based courses using an agreement contract that helps instructors assess the ability of the client to work well with the instructor and students through the project. Additionally, the authors suggest ways to motivate clients and students through the development and completion of the project.
A Personal Branding Assignment Using Social Media
Authors: Wetsch Lyle R.
Published: March 2018

The advertising industry has changed dramatically in the last few years with increasing percentages of marketing expenditures transferring from traditional channels to emerging digital and social channels. Educators need to recognize the changing needs of the marketplace and provide appropriate education to students to prepare them for this exciting new advertising environment. Recent changes to Google search results now incorporate social elements from Google + and other Google properties, introducing the concept of ‘Social Search’. Providing students with assignments that provide for realistic evaluation as well as real world value has been a challenge for educators. Fortunately, the growth of directed pay-per-click advertising through search engines as well as other social channels such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and YouTube has created an opportunity for marketing educators to incorporate direct marketing and advertising skills and assignments to provide an interactive and engaging educational environment. This article describes a personal branding assignment used in undergraduate and MBA classes that focuses on the use of social media.
Learning from the Best: A Study of the Growth, Goals and Methods of Exemplary Teachers
Authors: Robbs Brett , Broyles Sheri J.
Published: March 2018

This study provides insight into the growth of 15 exemplary advertising teachers, including the approaches and attributes essential to their success. It is based on interviews with teachers characterized as exemplary because of their experience and their having won a national or major university teaching award. The paper examines the methods respondents use to improve, the key change in their evolution as teachers, the responsibilities seen as critical and the ways they achieve their goals.
Teams Build a Wiki to Teach Each Other Four Social Media Platforms
Authors: Laird-Magee Tyler
Published: March 2018

Applying the adage, “The best way to learn is to teach,” this case study shows how a wiki can be used by undergraduate marketing student teams to become classroom ‘experts’ in one social media platform per team. This two-step promotions management (IMC) course assignment began by using a wiki for team members to collect data on their team's assigned social medium – Facebook, Twitter, YouTube or LinkedIn – and collaborate across teams to add information on their platforms. Each team used its wiki to develop and give a 20-minute oral presentation teaching the core elements marketers must know to leverage a specific social medium. Additionally, each team served as classroom ‘consultants’ fir their social media platform with real client engagement projects, which followed.
Brand Who? Teaching Students the Value of Brand Personality
Authors: Grumbein Adriane
Published: March 2018

Although both academics and professionals agree personality is a significant component of modern branding, it can be difficult to communicate this somewhat esoteric concept to students. However, it is perhaps even more difficult to show the practical value of scholarly research. Brand Who? is a free, downloadable tool for determining brand personality that consists of a deck of trait cards and five personality posters. Based on academic research, this pseudo card game is an easy, tangible way to teach students to understand and implement brand personality. Professors can use the tool to engage students and discuss the concept of brand personality. Brand Who? is also a valuable tool for hands-on advertising classes, helping students to define their client's brand personality and focus their campaign. Additionally, the fun, approachable design also demonstrates the practical value of academic research in the classroom.
Rehearsing Campaign Planning at the Start of the Capstone Course: The Inverted Case Study Approach
Authors: Whitlow S. Scott
Published: March 2018

As they conduct the background research necessary to the creation of their own marketing campaign, students in the capstone campaigns course often find the first few weeks the least exciting and realistic of the semester. Layering a case study of a prominent campaign into this period adds back some of the energy of realism. A twist on the case study approach that requires the students to reverse-engineer the case campaign enhances their understanding and appreciation of the work they are engaged in for their own class campaign.
An Exploratory Study of Successful Advertising Internships: A Survey Based on Paired Data of Interns and Employers
Authors: Yoo Seung-Chul , Morris Pamela
Published: March 2018

As the job market becomes increasingly competitive, advertising educators must help students develop stronger skills, prepare for career positions and become more attractive to employers. Internships are a way for students to acquire critical real-world proficiencies and stand out in a job search. At the same time, employers benefit from and rely on internship programs, from learning new communication platforms to filling full-time positions. Using data from a field survey, this study provides a new understanding of the key elements and proposes a model for successful advertising internship programs. The investigation is unique, as the analysis pairs data from both interns and their employers. Findings show that a student's major and supervisor support contribute to overall satisfaction with the internship, leading to higher employer motivation ratings that correlate with higher work performance evaluations and intention to hire scores. Practical implications for advertising internship managers and future research directions are discussed.
Teaching Approaches in Advertising: Creativity and Technology
Authors: Habib Sabrina
Published: March 2018

This study provides insight into the role of technology in the creative process in contemporary advertising education. Many questions guided this Grounded Theory study How are radical changes in the communications industries changing the way we teach and learn creatively? Are students using technology in their creative process? Is technology changing the brainstorming and the collaborative process in advertising creativity? This work builds upon and enriches the literature on creativity education, providing future researchers and educators with insights on the contemporary advertising creative process.
Welcome to the “Real World”: The Faculty-Professional Team Teaching Approach
Authors: Landreth Grau Stacy , Wilson Chris
Published: March 2018

This paper outlines a team teaching partnership between a full time marketing faculty member and a full time professional in advertising. The purpose of the course design is to give students realistic feedback on assignments and projects so that they work for more than a grade and understand that once they are working in a full time career, a grade is relatively meaningless. This partnership highlights the benefits of experiential learning as well as the use of technology to facilitate partnerships. The faculty and students were in Texas, and the professional was in Atlanta and New York (as well as other places around the world during the semester). Results showed that students benefited from the course design in several ways, and recommendations are provided.
Digital Bootcamp: Teaching Advertising in a Digital Age
Authors: Slater Jan , Broyles Sheri , Clifton Rhiannon
Published: March 2018

This paper outlines a team teaching partnership between a full time marketing faculty member and a full time professional in advertising. The purpose of the course design is to give students realistic feedback on assignments and projects so that they work for more than a grade and understand that once they are working in a full time career, a grade is relatively meaningless. This partnership highlights the benefits of experiential learning as well as the use of technology to facilitate partnerships. The faculty and students were in Texas, and the professional was in Atlanta and New York (as well as other places around the world during the semester). Results showed that students benefited from the course design in several ways, and recommendations are provided.
Teaching Creativity: Experimental Evidence of Three Strategies for Teaching Industry Standards for Creative Excellence
Authors: Windels Kasey , Stuhlfaut Mark Wilson
Published: March 2018

Creativity is a system of relationships between individual creators, culture and a field of gatekeepers who select and validate ideas. Within the cultural community of advertising, practitioners operate using informal and implicit rules, called creative codes, about what represents creative excellence as expressed through outputs, shared norms, language and awards. Students of advertising could benefit by recognizing and internalizing broader industry standards of creative excellence to build better portfolios, to be better prepared for interviews and to be more effective in their first jobs. This study evaluated three different communication techniques that educators can use to teach students about creative standards: explicitly communicating creative values, showcasing top campaigns, and comparing and contrasting advertising that has and has not won creative awards. The findings support the importance of these tools for educators.
Feedback that Fits: How Experienced and Naïve Students view Internships
Authors: Perlmutter David D. , Fletcher Alan D.
Published: March 2018

“Wow, they really want me to work!” said the recent alumnus about his new employers.

“You knew that before, didn't you? You had an internship there two years ago,” I responded. He shook his head. “Somehow that was different. Maybe they expected less of me, or maybe I wasn't paying attention.”
Pretreatment Histoplasma capsulatum urine enzymatic immunoassay concentrations do not correlate with outcome but may be influenced by renal function in cats with histoplasmosis
Authors: McGill Jennifer E , Hanzlicek Andrew S , Kukanich Kate S , Norsworthy Gary D , Cook Audrey K
Published: March 2018

Objectives

The objective of this study was to determine if urine Histoplasma antigen (HAg) enzyme immunoassay (EIA) concentrations at the time of diagnosis and prior to the administration of antifungal agents are predictive of outcome for cats infected with Histoplasma capsulatum and to determine if compromised renal function affects urine HAg EIA measurements.

Methods

Medical records at four institutions were searched to identify cats diagnosed with histoplasmosis between April 2012 and December 2015. Pretreatment urine Histoplasma EIA values were recorded, along with patient signalment, serum creatinine concentration, urine specific gravity, site(s) of infection and survival data.

Results

Pretreatment urine HAg EIA measurements were available for 50 cats, and ranged from 0–19.1 ng/ml (median 6.3 ng/ml). Thirty-five cats were alive at day 180, 12 had died or were euthanized (median survival time 24 days; range 2–124 days) and three were lost to follow-up. The median urine HAg EIA at the time of diagnosis for cats alive at 6 months was 5 ng/ml (range 0–19.1); this was similar to findings for the non-survivors (median 7.29 ng/ml; range 0.78–19.1; P = 0.54). Surviving cats were significantly younger (mean age 6.9 years) than non-survivors (mean age 9.9 years; P = 0.03) but median body weights (3.8 kg vs 3.6 kg) and rates of pulmonary involvement (22/35 vs 9/12) were similar for the two groups. Median urine HAg EIA concentration was lower in cats with evidence of renal compromise than cats with acceptable renal function (0.54 ng/ml vs 7.2 ng/ml; P <0.013).

Conclusions and relevance

Urine HAg EIA concentrations at the time of diagnosis are not predictive of outcome in cats with histoplasmosis and should not be used as a prognostic indicator in this species. Renal function may influence urine HAg EIA concentrations in cats; further investigation is needed to see if concurrent kidney disease impacts test sensitivity.
The association of genotype polymorphisms with vascular access patency in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Chen Chun-Fan , Lin Chih-Ching
Published: March 2018

Some hemodialysis patients suffer from repeat dysfunction of dialysis vascular access and need procedures of angioplasty, thrombectomy, and even temporary catheter use. Why these patients are vulnerable to vascular access dysfunction and how to improve its patency are imperative to be discovered. Traditional risk factors for vascular access function had been widely investigated but could not fully explain this question. Several genotype polymorphisms were demonstrated to increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease and might also be linked to higher risk of vascular access dysfunction. As the major causes of arteriovenous access thrombosis are hypercoagulable status and arteriovenous access stenosis, the investigated genes mainly focus on the mediators of the coagulation cascade, inflammatory process, and endothelial dysfunction. The reported polymorphisms of genes significantly associated with arteriovenous access dysfunction included genes encoding methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, coagulation factors, heme oxygenase-1, matrix metalloproteinase, transforming growth factor-β1, tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and protein methyl transferase. However, further prospective study is indispensable to elucidate the association between the genotype polymorphisms and the outcome of vascular access. More and more therapeutic options that focus on genotype polymorphisms may generate a great benefit to the patency of vascular access of uremic patients.
Recent Progress for the Effective Prevention and Treatment of Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
Authors: Ramsay Isobel , Brown Nicholas M , Enoch David A
Published: March 2018

Recurrence occurs in approximately 25% of all cases of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and poses a unique clinical challenge. Traditionally, treatment options of CDI have been limited to regimes of established antibiotics (eg, pulsed/tapered vancomycin) but faecal transplantation is emerging as a useful alternative. In recent years, promising new strategies have emerged for effective prevention of recurrent CDI (rCDI) including new antimicrobials (eg, fidaxomicin) and monoclonal antibodies (eg, bezlotoxumab). Despite promising progress in this area, obstacles remain for making the best use of these resources due to uncertainty over patient selection. This commentary describes the current epidemiology of rCDI, its clinical impact and risk factors, some of the measures used for treating and preventing rCDI, and some of the emerging treatment options. It then describes some of the obstacles that need to be overcome.
The art of attracting international conferences to European cities
Authors: Falk Martin , Hagsten Eva
Published: March 2018

The aim of this study is to provide new empirical insights into the attractiveness of European cities for international conferences and to investigate how cities perform in relation to their potential. In order to explore this attractiveness, a zero-inflated count-data model is estimated. The analysis uses a unique data set where information from the International Congress and Convention Association on international association meetings is linked to a set of specific characteristics for 943 cities in Europe for the period 2012 to 2016. Approximately one out of five cities hosts five meetings or more in a single year. Estimations reveal that cultural offerings, quality of local universities, attractiveness as a location for international research and development and foreign direct investments (FDI) in hotels as well as size are factors of importance for the probability of becoming a host city as well as for the extent of meetings. Infrastructure, such as an airport nearby and sea border in the proximity, is crucial only for becoming a host city. A comparison of actual and potential number of meetings reveals that large cities like Copenhagen, Edinburgh, Lisbon, Porto, Munich and Barcelona all host far more meetings than would have been expected given their destination attributes.
Symptom attribution and treatment seeking in Australian veterans
Authors: Wright Breanna K , Kelsall Helen L , Clarke David M , McFarlane Alexander C , Sim Malcolm R
Published: March 2018

To understand the role of symptom attribution in treatment-seeking behaviours, survey results of 1356 veterans (age = 38–72 years) were analysed. Controlling for symptom frequency, significant relationships were found for specialist and psychological-related consultations. Those who favoured psychological explanations for symptoms were more likely to attend specialist and psychology-related consultations and filled significantly more prescriptions than people who predominantly explained symptoms by situational factors (normalisers). Veterans who favoured somatic explanations attended more general practitioner consultations than normalisers. Attributional style should be considered part of the constellation of factors influencing healthcare usage. Normalisers, the predominant group, used fewest health services and filled fewest prescriptions; this may have important implications for healthcare considering their tendency to minimise or downplay symptoms.
Supporting autonomy of nursing home residents with dementia in the informed consent process
Authors: Beattie Elizabeth , O’Reilly Maria , Fetherstonhaugh Deirdre , McMaster Mitchell , Moyle Wendy , Fielding Elaine
Published: March 2018

Background

In studies involving people with dementia, researchers have historically defaulted to seeking consent from a proxy, the assumption being that people with dementia are unable to provide their own informed consent. This choice denies people with dementia a voice in the consent process, thus disregarding their autonomy and agency. Recently, other options for improving the consent process have been explored.

Objective

This study aimed to determine whether nursing home residents with dementia could demonstrate an ability to provide their own informed consent as determined by the Evaluation to Sign Consent instrument.

Methods

As part of a larger study on the quality of life of nursing home residents, the Evaluation to Sign Consent was administered to 392 people diagnosed with dementia. Data on demographic variables, such as gender and age, as well as level of cognitive impairment, were also collected.

Results

Just over one-fifth (22%) of the residents with dementia were judged as having the capacity to provide their own informed consent to participate in this specific research project. Consistent with existing literature, capacity to consent was significantly, and negatively, associated with cognitive impairment.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that assuming all people diagnosed with dementia are unable to provide informed consent for research on the basis of cognitive test scores, or on clinical assessment alone, potentially denies them the autonomy to make a decision that they may be capable of making. Research involving people with mild-to-moderate dementia needs to consider evaluating whether potential participants have the capacity to provide their own consent.