bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Control of Externality among the Street Children and Marginalized People of Dhaka City: A Key Indicator to Ensure Sustainable Livelihood
Authors: Masoom Muhammad Rehan
Published: March 2020

Any ‘sustainable livelihood’ requires the empowerment of the individuals elevated enough to be the decision-makers with their respective sets of priorities. Any scheme to ensure livelihood as such, supposed to include the transcendence of a perspective of development that conciliates the diversity of both economic activities and social actions that a person may rely on to subsist. This need to convey a holistic view of poverty, which considers multiple perspectives beyond the common measurement like income levels or productivity: that does not see the poor as only the victims of the societal context. However, Bangladesh is the country where apparently the culture of poverty predominates, and the people are often thought to be not motivated enough to change their fate. Therefore, studying the psychosocial makeup of the poor regarding the decision-making of pivotal issues of their lives may indicate the ways to ensure the sustainability of poverty reduction strategies in this country. The paper detains the extent to which the poorer segments of people in Bangladesh show whether their surroundings are controlling their existence or not. The study investigates the state of the seven groups comprising of street children, rickshaw pullers, beggars, women working in parlors (the ethnic minority), factory workers, men working in saloons (the refugees) and the people living in the old home (socially isolated). The study administered a three-month survey with a pre-defined questionnaire. The findings suggest that the people of Bangladesh lean towards the external locus of control, hence tends to blame outside forces when it comes to certain hiccups in pursuits of goals.
Spatial Narrative of Women as “Production of Space” in Charulatha
Authors: Pradeep K
Published: March 2020

Films are one of the most influential cultural and creative discourses of the modern era as they reflect the socio-political and cultural norms of the society. The film has the potential to effect social change and open a new insight and experience to the human life. The relationships between women and space have now been recognized as an important issue for feminist discussion. In this study, production of space is mediated by the everyday life of women and their mediated relations of women's space. Here the spatiality and practices are not complicated it mean the spatial location, spatial relations and the spatial accessibility of women. Further it seeks the knowledge production of this particular spatial practice. This study centered with Satyajit Ray film Charulatha.
The Effects of the Internet on Real Estate Marketing in Gwadar, Pakistan
Authors: Gul Yasmeen , Ahmed Gul
Published: March 2020

The paper is about the control of speculations and fraud cases in real estate marketing using the internet. The area under consideration is the new port city Gwadar. The deep Sea port of Gwadar has been constructed with the cooperation of Chinese government in 2002. Gwadar Development Authority has been established in 2003 as a statutory body for the city planning and execution, but not a single piece of land is under control of this Authority. The area has a significant location in the region for investment and also has scenic beauty. People all over the country and abroad are interested in investing in real estate in this area. Currently, it is a small town, less developed, poor infrastructure and far from the main cities of Pakistan. So visiting Gwadar is not feasible for everyone in this condition but on the other hand, there is no doubt that the land of Gwadar is precious for future. Most of the people who can invest in Gwadar but don’t because of fear of fraud cases in the private real estate market. In this paper we have addressed the problem how this land can be made accessible to everyone. I suggested that the internet can be the right mode of real estate marketing in this area with the involvement of No Objection Certificate (NOC) issuing authority (GDA). GDA is making the map of Gwadar on GIS, which can be utilized in this scenario for the benefits of the people. After our survey to the market, it is concluded that provincial government should make a policy that the internet will be the only mode of transactions in real estate marketing in Gwadar with the involvement of government sector. GDA may provide the GIS map of the area and updates about the NOC’s of each scheme on internet. Finally, GDA may use its Computer Cell for providing confirmation email to every investor whether his/her scheme/plot is valid or not.
Herman Melville’s Poetics / Politics in “The Encantadas”
Authors: Said Fadhila Sidi
Published: March 2020

Melville’s fictional narrative The Encantadas (1854) and his letter to his brother Gansevoort, a democratic politician who passionately supported U.S expansionism, will allow us to explore Melville’s politics of action; i.e., his critique of the Mexican war and his doubts about Manifest Destiny. Simone De Beauvoir, French writer and feminist, insists that we are ethically compelled to do all we can to change oppressive institutions. De Beauvoir demonstrates the need to take sides, acting politically and with an ethical vision. Her action illustrates the links she sees between the embodied individual consciousness and political action. For her the alternative is simple and clear-cut. Either you align yourself with the “contemporary butchers rather than their victims” (1962: 20) or reject their atrocities and stand against them through active fights. The idea of narrative secrecy - Hunilla’s rape - is gradually revealed to the reader through Melville’s narrative omission revealing the female character as a practitioner of narrative secrecy as her right.  This paper explores the female character’s twofold otherness, the native and female as distinguished from the civilized and male, which designates her as the living embodiment of these dualities, the binary oppositions upon which Western Civilization rests. Her ‘double otherness’ is expressed in the figure in which race and gender emblematically intersect. The racial and sexual differences are equated to dramatize the power relationship between the native and the colonizer where the white male colonizer has both racial and sexual superiority. Hunilla’s otherness is most fully articulated by textual interruptions. The denunciation of rape through a narrative strategy – elision - mediates Melville’s politics as action.
Pap smear in antenatal women: a valuable opportunity for screening and awareness
Authors: Ahuja Rashmi , Sharma Priyanka , Chawla Raina
Published: March 2020

Background: Pregnancy creates an important opportunity to screen the cervix for neoplastic and infectious diseases and to spread awareness. A pap smear is simple, cost effective and safe in pregnancy. In low resource countries, this may be the only opportunity when the woman visits a health centre.  It also helps identify and treat infections that could hamper the pregnancy outcome. Objective of the study is to determine the awareness of pap smear as a cervical cancer screening test in antenatal women; to determine the incidence of cervical neoplasia and premalignant lesions of the cervix in antenatal women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2018 to April 2019. Inclusion criteria were pregnant women in the first trimester. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy greater than 12 weeks, symptoms of vaginal infection, history of sexual intercourse or vaginal medication or bleeding in the last 48 hours or a normal pap smear in the last 3 years. The reporting was done as per Bethesda 2014.Results: 308 women underwent a pap smear in their 1st trimester. 94% were satisfactory smears and 3(0.9%) an abnormal smear (2 LSIL and 1 ASCUS). 31.2% had inflammatory smears. Only 15 women were aware of pap smear as a test for cancer cervix screening and all these women were graduates and above. No women had ever had a pap smear test in the past. One fifth of women studied had 1 or more risk factor the commonest being early age at first intercourse.Conclusions: The antenatal period should be utilized as an opportunity to screen women for cancer cervix.
Spectrum of elective pancreatic surgeries with short term outcomes at a tertiary hospital in North India
Authors: Rana Hema , Ray Jitendra Prasad , Rehmani Babar
Published: March 2020

Background: Pancreatic surgeries have undergone substantial changes over the last few decades and are now being attempted by many surgeons not limited to specialised centres. The study has attempted to document the indications for elective pancreatic surgeries and its outcomes in terms of morbidity and mortality.Methods: This observational study included 42 patients over a period of 12 months. The data were recorded in a predesigned proforma to assess the indication for elective pancreatic surgery, to describe the number and kind of pancreatic operation undertaken and to evaluate the short-term outcome of various pancreatic surgeries in terms of complications, morbidity and mortality.Results: Authors studied 42 patients, who underwent the elective pancreatic surgeries for various indications in hospital. Histopathological studies revealed that the majority (50%) were carcinoma of the head of pancreas. Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) was done in all the sixteen cases. The most important complications of PD were delayed gastric emptying (DGE) (50%), surgical site infection (SSI) (43.7%), post pancreatic haemorrhage (PPH) (31%), post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) (25%) and intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) (12.5%). Of the 26 patients operated for benign conditions of pancreas, 19 (73%) had pancreatic pseudocyst, in majority of cases as a sequela of alcohol induced pancreatitis. Partington Rochelle procedure was the commonest surgical procedure in chronic pancreatitis.Conclusions: Carcinoma of head of pancreas was the most common periampullary malignancy necessitating major pancreatic resections. DGE, POPF and PPH were the most common and significant post-operative complications.
Computed dynography, a method for evaluation of gait pattern in treated cases of congenital talipes equino varus
Authors: Jain Akshay , Jain Adhir , Jain Ravi Kant , Pathak Prateek
Published: March 2020

Background: Club foot is characterized by inversion, adduction and equinus. Currently, evaluation of children treated for congenital talipes equino varus (CTEV) includes clinical and radiological examination as well as assessment of function. However, none of the methods is ideal. There should be objective methods for better evaluation of function in treated CTEV. Gait analysis is the emerging method in objectively assessing the functional outcome. The aim of the study was to compare the selected measures from vertical ground reaction force variables and gait parameters of treated CTEV children with plantigrade feet, to healthy age and gender matched control group.

Methods: We took 31 children with treated CTEV with mean age 8.21 years and compared with 31 age and gender matched controls. The patients were initially treated under a standard protocol. Gait cycle properties, step time parameters and vertical ground reaction force variables were recorded and comparison of unilateral and bilateral cases of treated CTEV was done with that of controls.

Results: Data showed that despite good clinical results and overall function, residual intoeing, lateral foot walking, mild foot drop, weak plantar flexor power, possible residual inversion deformity of the foot, increased frequency and decreased duration of cycle and asymmetry in gait were the main characteristics of gait of children with treated CTEV. In unilateral cases single and double support times were decreased and in bilateral CTEV double support times are increased.

Conclusions: The study confirms that in clubfoot patients who underwent full treatment, gait parameters do not reach normal levels. Gait analysis can be used to quantify gait pattern characteristics and is helpful in evaluation and further development of treatment of patients.
Efetividade da Lei nº 12.732/2012 na assistência às neoplasias malignas e sua associação com a mortalidade no Estado do Amazonas
Authors: Rodrigues Alcinéia Da Silva , Alencar Leila Cristina Ferreira Silva de , Castelo Branco Vitória Regina Maia
Published: March 2020

Nesse artigo, apresentam-se resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida com o objetivo de analisar a efetividade da Lei 12. 732/2012, Lei dos 60 dias, na assistência às neoplasias malignas e sua associação com a mortalidade no Estado do Amazonas. Para tanto, elegeram-se como objetivos específicos: estimar o tempo médio de espera para o diagnóstico e tratamento por grupo de neoplasia; apresentar fatores sociodemográficos, epidemiológicos e clínicos segundo tempo de espera oportuno/inoportuno entre o diagnóstico e tratamento por grupos de neoplasias malignas; e constituir um cenário jurídico relacionado à efetividade da Lei de acordo com fatores sociodemográficos, epidemiológicos e clínicos. Adotou-se uma metodologia mista para a realização do estudo descritivo em corte seccional (2015-2016) de neoplasias malignas registradas em residentes no Amazonas. Os resultados indicam a não efetividade da Lei dos sessenta dias para os pacientes acometidos por neoplasias malignas no Estado do Amazonas, o que compromete a eficácia do tratamento e influencia os gastos públicos com auxílio doença.
Uma descrição sociológica das organizações na sociedade complexa: a reflexão de Giancarlo Corsi e de Raffaele De Giorgi acerca do “Sul da Modernidade”
Authors: Villas Bôas Filho Orlando
Published: March 2020

Tendo por objeto a descrição sociológica proposta por Giancarlo Corsi e Raffaele De Giorgi acerca do que designam de “sul da modernidade”, este artigo pretende, em primeiro lugar, explicitar o caráter heterogêneo por eles atribuído à modernidade em seu tratamento da “questão meridional” na Itália. Em seguida, o artigo discute o modo pelo qual Corsi e De Giorgi, a partir da teoria dos sistemas de Niklas Luhmann, descrevem a especificidade da reprodução comunicativa no “sul da modernidade”. Feito isso, são analisadas as consequências decorrentes dessa descrição no funcionamento das organizações. Por fim, em termos conclusivos, o artigo ressalta que o tratamento dado por Corsi e De Giorgi à “questão meridional”, apesar de seus aspectos problemáticos, revela um sofisticado manejo da teoria dos sistemas para a compreensão das organizações em contextos sociais distintos daqueles que constituem a referência empírica direta desse arcabouço teórico.
Introdução
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Introdução - v. 1, n. 1, 2011
Introdução
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Introdução - v. 4, n. 2, 2014
Introdução
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Introdução - v. 5, n. 1, 2015
Introdução
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Introdução - v. 6, n. 1, 2016.
Nominata de 2017
Authors: 2017 Nominata de
Published: March 2020

Nominata referente ao volume 7 (2017) da revista Cadernos CIMEAC. A revista agradece a contribuição dos(as) pesquisadores(as) e docentes relacionados para a manutenção da qualidade científica e editorial do periódico.
Editorial
Authors: Kato Danilo Seithi , Narita Felipe Ziotti
Published: March 2020

Editorial - v. 8, n. 2, 2018.
Nominata de 2019
Authors: 2019 Nominata de
Published: March 2020

Nominata referente ao volume 9 (2019) da revista Cadernos CIMEAC. A revista agradece a contribuição dos(as) pesquisadores(as) e docentes relacionados para a manutenção da qualidade científica e editorial do periódico.
EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS INTEGRADA À EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: LIMITES E POSSIBILIDADES
Authors: De Oliveira Giselle Abreu
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo pretende fomentar as discussões acerca das possibilidades e dos limites para a integração da educação de jovens e adultos com a educação profissional. A discussão tem se tornada necessária nos últimos anos, pois assistimos ao investimento do governo em programas de integração como PROJOVEM e PROEJA, além das orientações e metas propostas em documentos do Ministério da Educação que sinalizam para o caminho da integração. Assim, este artigo analisa, sob a ótica desses documentos e programas, a concepção de integração que vem sendo utilizada, fazendo a diferenciação necessária entre integração e simultaneidade. Por meio de um olhar que considera, ainda que brevemente, a trajetória da educação de jovens e adultos e da educação profissional pretendemos contribuir com os estudos que analisam o tema, sem a pretensão de esgotá-lo, tendo em vista sua complexidade histórica e social.Palavras-chave: Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Educação Profissional. Integração
ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE A CINETOSE E ASPECTOS DO DESENVOLVIMENTO MOTOR EM CRIANÇAS DE UMA ESCOLA DO EXTREMO SUL CATARINENSE
Authors: Vicente Évelin , Magnus Morgana Teixeira , Bittencourt Pâmela Selau
Published: March 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a associação entre a cinetose e aspectos do desenvolvimento motor em crianças de uma escola do Extremo Sul Catarinense. Estudo de abordagem quantitativa e corte transversal com escolares da rede fundamental de ensino com idade entre 8 e 11 anos. Para o levantamento de cinetose foi utilizado o questionário Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire Short-form (MSSQ-short) e para avaliar o desenvolvimento motor dos escolares foi utilizado o Protocolo de testes da Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor – EDM. Das 21 crianças avaliadas, 15 demonstraram presença de cinetose em pelo menos um meio de transporte ou entretenimento, sendo 100% na idade de 8 anos e 90% no sexo feminino. Os meios de transportes com maiores índices de cinetose foram ônibus ou vans (9 crianças) e carros (6 crianças). Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre a presença de cinetose e aspectos do desenvolvimento motor. Principais alterações ocorreram no âmbito de equilíbrio (46,7%) e motricidade global (40%). Foi possível verificar que a maioria das crianças do estudo apresentaram cinetose. Não foi possível estabelecer uma associação entre a presença de cinetose e alterações do desenvolvimento motor. Palavras-chaves: Cinetose; Desenvolvimento infantil; Crianças.
ESPECTRO DOS TRATAMENTOS FISIOTERAPÊUTICOS NA SÍNDROME DO TÚNEL DO CARPO (STC): UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Brolesi Patrícia De Mattia , Longen Willians
Published: March 2020

A Síndrome do Túnel do Carpo (STC) é a compressão do nervo mediano ao nível do punho, a qual gera algia e incapacidade funcional. O número de casos de STC está aumentando consideravelmente, por isso busca-setécnicas que proporcionem o retorno rápido e eficiente às atividades. Desse modo, teve-se porobjetivo analisar as condutas fisioterapêuticas mais eficazes e utilizadas recentemente para o tratamento da STC. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, realizada em bases de dados disponíveis na internet, sendo acessadas: BIREME; SciELO; LILACS; PubMede GOOGLE. A busca pelos artigos se deu por meio de palavras-chave cadastradas no sistema de Descritores em Ciências da Saúde – DeCS, sendo elas Fisioterapia; Síndrome do Túnel do Carpo; Nervo Mediano; e Tratamento. A pesquisa envolveu artigos derevistas e periódicos, dissertações e teses, em português e inglês, com base de dados científicose com anos de publicação entre 2013 e 2017. Diversos autores destacam que a fisioterapia pode atuar por meio de diversas técnicas na prevenção e tratamento da STC, gerando melhora significativa na sintomatologia da mesma. A partir desta revisão obteve-se a relação de vários recursos utilizados atualmente para o tratamento da STCe mesmo tendo-se controvérsias em relação a algumas técnicas, fica evidente a relevância da atuação fisioterapêutica na promoção, prevenção e tratamento da saúde.
THE DETECTION OF IGG TO HUMAN HERPESVIRUS TYPE 7 IN CHILDREN
Authors: Nikolskiy Mikhail A. , Kulyashova L. B , Zakrevskaya A. V , Lioznov D. A , Kaptur T. A , Zolotova M. A
Published: March 2020

Background. There are no data on HHV-7 seroprevalence in Russia. Previously we detected HHV-7 DNA in plasma of 8-10% children with exanthem subitum and fever without rash. Aim. To perform the comparative study of the seroprevalence of HHV-7 and HHV-6 in children in Russia. Materials and methods. The pilot study included 116 children, aged from 10 days to 10 years. Serum samples were tested for IgG to HHV-7 and HHV-6 by indirect immunofluorescent assays and ELISA correspondingly. Results. The prevalence rate antibodies to HHV-7 was three times lower than for antibodies to HHV-6. There were only 18% of patients seropositive to HHV-7, whereas 50% of cases appeared to be seropositive to HHV-6. In infants younger 6 months the frequency of HHV-7 seropositivity amounted to 14.8%, which possibly was due to maternal antibodies. In babies aged from 7 months to 4 years, the HHV-7 seroprevalence was about 7-13%. In children older than 4 years the rate of seropositivity raised to 31%. Conclusion. We can conclude that in life the contact with HHV-7 occurs later than to HHV-6, predominantly after the age of four years. In children under 10 years, the seroprevalence to HHV-7 is lower than to HHV-6. The sample size of our study is too small to extrapolate on Russian population and other seroprevalence studies are needed.
COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN INFECTIOUS HOSPITAL PATIENTS: THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE TO ANTIMICROBIALS
Authors: Avdeeva Marina G. , Shubina G. V , Ganzha A. A , Zhuravleva E. V
Published: March 2020

The aim of the work was to study the structure, level and dynamics of resistance to antimicrobial drugs of the most common types of microorganisms in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the Krasnodar Territory, on the example of patients treated in a regional specialized infectious hospital for the period 2015-2017. Materials and methods. The results of bacteriological tests of expectoration, including 523 positive strains of microorganisms, are analyzed. The analysis does not include strains with hospital multidrug resistance. A bacterioscopy with Gram stain and sputum seeding on plate-like artificial nutrient media were carried out. Identification of the pathogen was performed by mass spectrometry using MALDI-TOF technology (Microflex LT, Bruker, Germany), phenotypically identified resistance mechanisms were confirmed on the automatic analyzer Vitek II Compact (BioMérieux, France). The sensitivity to antimicrobials was determined by the disc-diffusion method in the Müller-Hinton medium, using the disks by Bio-Rad, France. The antibioticogram was analyzed on the apparatus “Adagio” (Bio-Rad, France). Results. In the etiologic structure of community-acquired pneumonia, Streptoccocus pneumonia prevails in patients hospitalized in an infectious hospital in the Krasnodar Territory, which is determined in 73.56% of confirmed cases, which is twice as high as an average in Russia. Staphylococcus aureus was determined in 9.04% of casesd, with fluctuations in different years from 3.8% to 12.1%. Klebsiella pneumoniae was found in 4.61%, with variations from 1.7% to 9.3%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was registered in 4.6%, altered from 1.3% to 7.8%. Other microorganisms were represented with Enterobacteriaceae family, 8.2% of the cases. The resistance of wild strains of microorganisms isolated at CAP to a number of antimicrobial agents has been established. A number of negative trends were noted: the emergence of pneumococcal strains resistant to beta-lactam antimicrobial drugs (benzylpenicillin MIC < 2μg); an increase in the resistance of pneumococci to macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides. There is a high percentage of Staphylococcus aureus (80%) producing penicillinase, and an increase in their resistance to macrolides. A high level of Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to 3-rd and 4-th generation cephalosporins is noted. Conclusion. The obtained data determine the need for further monitoring of regional resistance of microorganisms, which will allow both adequate start therapy and the possibility of its timely correction. In the practical work of a doctor, it is important not only to be guided by local data on the resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs, but also to analyze the possible causes of its occurrence with the establishment of individual risk factors.
ACUTE INTESTINAL DIARRHEA INFECTION AS A TRIGGER OF ACUTE DIVERTICULITIS OF THE SIGMOID COLON
Authors: Malov Valery A. , Tsvetkova N. A , Isaenko S. A , Triyniakov S. N , Gorobchenko A. N , Shagaeva Yu. V , Ayvazan S. R , Turkadze K. A , Kanshina N. N
Published: March 2020

The clinical observation of the development of acute diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon following a previous acute intestinal diarrhea infection of unknown etiology by a gastroenteric variant is considered. Brief characteristics of the course of the diverticular disease of the colon are given. The possible interrelation of the diverticular disease of the large intestine with synovial cysts is considered.
THE IDENTIFICATION OF «NEW» PATHOGENS FOR FOCAL INFECTIONS IN IXODES TICKS ON THE TERRITORY OF TULA REGION
Authors: Kozlova T. V , Khomyakova T. I , Dedkov V. G , Safonova M. V , Karan L. S , Grigoryeva Y. E , Kozlov V. V , Lopatin A. A , Ivanova S. M , Khomyakov Yu. N
Published: March 2020

The most of ixodes ticks in Tula region belongs to the group of pasture mites. It is generally accepted to estimate the tick’s contamination by the tick-borne encephalitis virus and raoueti inducing Lyme Borellia. The aim of the present work was to educe the aetiologic agents of the set of potentially-enable infections out of ticks Dermacentor reticulatus, Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes сrenulatus collected at the different terrains of Tula Region by PCR method. The results: a considerable number of pathogenic rickettsiae R. raoultii was educes from the ticks D. reticulatus, which including them as the component of mixed infection together with the human monocytic ehrlichiosis agent. R. raoultii was determined in more than a half of the cases in ticks I. ricinus including the mixed infection together with ticks’ borreliosis virus and Kemerovo fever agent. Conclusion. The reasons, induced the quantity changes of the ticks’ distribution at Tula Region terrains, apparently promote the rise in frequency of the ticks contamination with the agents of herd tick-transmissive infection. It demand an infectiologist’s attention rise and dictate the necessity of the above mentioned diseases monitoring as well as Fr. tularensis, the tick-borne encephalitis virus and Lyme disease.
NIKOLAI FEDOROVICH GAMALEYA-A TALENTED ORGANIZER OF MEDICAL SCIENCE (TO THE 160-TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH)
Authors: Knopov M. Sh , Taranukha V. K
Published: March 2020

The article presents the life and creative path of an outstanding Russian EPI-demiologist and microbiologist, a talented health care organizer, a well-known public figure, academician of the USSR Academy of medical Sciences, honored scientist of the RSFSR, Laura-ATA of the USSR state prize, Professor Nikolai Fedorovich Gamalei.
BINARY METHOD OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF INFECTIOUS INCIDENCE
Authors: Kolpakov Sergey L.
Published: March 2020

Article purpose. To present the binary method of the epidemiological analysis of infectious incidence recommended for the characteristic of factors of social-and-ecological systems her defining. Materials and methods. The method of the binary analysis is developed on the basis of the methods of complex studying of epidemic process used in domestic epidemiology which have received the name “retrospective epidemiological analysis of incidence”. For demonstration long-term and annual dynamics of incidence of chicken pox in Vladivostok from 1997 to 2009 is used. The received results. In the binary analysis consecutive division of cumulative incidence into components is carried out, in the beginning, on the leading approaches characterizing biological, social and natural essence of epidemic process and then, by additional criteria, allows to create the statistical model of the studied object suitable for a research of the global phenomena. From biological factors - participation and a role of the infectious and immunological mechanism. Among natural factors - seasonal and year-round elements; social factors - casual and natural manifestations. In Vladivostok from 1997 to 2009 the share of periodic incidence has made 16,7%, basic incidence - 83,3%. Basic incidence was formed due to year-round incidence (17,8%) and seasonal, the main share. In general 82,2% are the share of seasonal incidence and, it forms both the most part of basic incidence, and all periodic incidence. Share of random factors in incidence not of a bike (7,3%). Incidence is formed by mainly natural factors - 92,7%. Conclusion. Use of a binary method has allowed to create logical model of development of epidemic process at chicken pox in Vladivostok. The accounting of a role of the leading factors will be useful to optimization of epidemiological surveillance. The technique of studying of structural elements of the social-and-ecological systems defining formation of incidence of the population is presented in article. Biological factors are the participation and the role of the infectious and immunological mechanism. Natural factors are seasonal and year-round elements; social factors are casual and natural manifestations.
MULTI-FACTOR SIMULATION MODELING IN THE SHORT-AND LONG-TERM PROGNOSIS OF MEASLES INCIDENCE
Authors: Platonova Tatyana A. , Golubkova A. A , Obabkov V. N , Kolesnikova S. Yu , Smirnova S. S
Published: March 2020

The widespread increase in morbidity and the registration of major measles outbreaks in recent years require the development of new technologies to control the infection. Technologies should be based on the prognosis of morbidity. The aim of the study was to predict the development of the situation in the near and long term in order to determine the adequate technologies of infection control in the metropolis at the stage of its elimination on the basis of a mathematical simulation of the epidemic process of measles. Materials and methods. A simulation model to forecast the incidence of measles was developed using special software AnyLogic Professional 7.0. The model included the main determinants of the epidemic process, established by the results of their own research and literature data. The results of the epidemic process modeling were uploaded to the database. Further work was carried out in the database management system Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio. Analysis and graphical processing of the results are performed using comprehensive software for business intelligence Power BI. Results. It is established that at low (50-60%) coverage of vaccinations of children in the decreed ages and the population as a whole, the probability of measles outbreaks is high both in the short and long term. The increase in vaccination coverage to 90-95% leads to an increase in the period of epidemic well-being, but the likelihood of an outbreak remains. With revaccination every 10 years, at least 60% of the population remains stable for 30 years and the spread of infection does not occur. With the coverage of revaccinating vaccinations 80% of the population-the epidemiological situation remains stable for 50 years. Conclusion. The simulation model of measles morbidity forecast for the near and long term, built with the main determinants of the epidemic process, allows us to predict the development of the epidemic situation in the territory of a large industrial city. Also, the model allows to determine the priority areas for the elimination of measles infection, namely: strict control of the timeliness and completeness of vaccination coverage of children in the decreed age (at least 95%) and maintaining a high immune layer of the population as a whole, which can be provided during the planned revaccination against measles every 10 years.
THE ROLE OF ROTAVIRUS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE DIARRHEAL DISEASES IN CHILDREN IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Norboev IIkham M.
Published: March 2020

The article presents the results of epidemiological studies of the role of rotavirus in the development of acute diarrheal diseases in children in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Practice of new epidemiological criteria allowed to differentiate the different intensity of the epidemic process and the manifestation of epidemiological patterns of rotavirus infection depending on the region of the republic. The probability of participation of rotaviruses in the formation of the epidemic process in acute diarrheal diseases is proved. The study was conducted in two regions of the republic differing from each other by economic and social conditions. The material for this study was the data obtained as a result of a serological study of feces samples taken from patients with acute diarrheal diseases before the age of 5 years. When examining 1597 children with acute diarrhea in 532 (33.3%) cases, we were able to establish the presence of rotavirus antigens in the feces. Summarizing the above, we can assume that in the Republic of Uzbekistan, rotaviruses occupy one of the leading places in the etiological structure of acute diarrheal diseases, especially in younger age groups.
TWO LARVA MIGRANS CUTANEA CLINICAL CASES IN RUSSIAN TOURISTS VISITED THAILAND
Authors: Plakhova K. I , Bezhenar Marina Borisovna
Published: March 2020

The article presents a description of two clinical cases of “Larva migrans cutanea”. These patients had intolerable itching sensations in the skin lesions that appeared after returning from tropical countries. Clinical presentation was visualized by erythema with clear boundaries and serpiginous intradermal tracks. The diagnosis was verified on the basis of complaints, anamnesis and a characteristic clinical presentation. The treatment was included antihelmintic drug Albendazole. In both cases patients were recovered. Larva migrans cutanea with prompt and appropriate treatment lends itself well to therapy with rapid achievement of the positive effect without development of complications.
SUSTAINABLE TRENDS IN THE FREQUENCY OF HEMOTRANSMISSIVE INFECTIONS IN DONORS OF BLOOD AND ITS COMPONENTS
Authors: Tupoleva Tatyana A. , Tikhomirov D. S , Gulyaeva A. A , Ovchinnikova E. N , Demin M. V , Gaponova T. V
Published: March 2020

For past several years there is a sustained trend in reducing of viral hepatitis incidence (both acute and chronic), among public in general and among blood donors, according to epidemiological data. However, there is a lack of data either on other infections in blood donors or differences in infection markers’ patterns in primary or regular donors. The aim of the study was to show a sustained trend in reducing of infection markers identification frequency among primary and regular donors. Materials and methods. 103 716 blood samples were tested for infection markers using ELISA, CМIA and PCR. 39 514 samples from 10 354 donors are described in detail: 7654 - from primary donors and 31 860 - from regular donors. Age 18-70 yrs., median 33 yrs. Male/female - 6036/4318. Results and discussion. The trend was proved by 10-fold decrease in frequency of infection markers among blood donors. The detection rate of infection markers in regular donors was significant lower than in primary donors and in general population. Through 2015 to 2017 upraise of number of regular donors from 40,6% up to 65,4% was observed. The same was observed for donations from regular donors also: in 2015 primary/regular donors’ donation ratio was 1:2.4, in 2016 - 1:5.2, in 2017 - 1:6.6. Conclusion. For the last 8 years a stable decrease in frequency of blood-borne infections among donors has been observed, which is a result of several factors. Among these factors are: reduction of hepatitis B and C incidence in the Russian Federation, vaccination against hepatitis B program, blood management strategy implementation. A major impact can be attributed to blood productions from regular donors not the primary ones.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EPIDEMIC PROCESS MANIFESTATIONS AND LEADING FACTORS OF SEROUS MENINGITIS PATHOGENSAND HERPETIC ANGINA OF ENTEROVIRAL ETIOLOGY TRANSMISSION
Authors: Sergevnin V. I , Tryasolobova M. A , Devyatkov M. Yu , Kuzovnikova E. Zh
Published: March 2020

The aim of the work is a comparative evaluation of the epidemic process manifestations and the leading factors of serous meningitis (SM) pathogens and enteroviral etiologyherpetic angina (HA) transmission. Materials and methods. Manifestations of the epidemic process of SM and HA were studied according to the official registration of the incidence of the population of Perm for the 2010-2016. 1464 water samples of the distribution network, 178 samples of water from decentralized sources of water system, 293 samples of surface water, 117 samples of bottled water, and 57 wipe samples from the surface of vegetables and fruits were studied usingpolymerase chain reaction (PCR)for the presence of markers of non-polyemic enteroviruses (NEV). In conditions of analytical case-control method the epidemiological survey of 350 epidemiological focuses of SM and 142 focuses of GA were conducted. Results. The findingsclearly demonstratethat it is similarity betweenepidemic process manifestations of SM and enteroviral etiologyHA. In both clinical variants of enteroviral infection, the priority role is the water way of transmission of the pathogen by drinking water from centralized and decentralized sources of water system, as well as swimming in surface water. The water transmission way is activated in the summer-autumn period of the year due to the increase in the number of emergency situations on the water supply networks, as well as due to the swimming factor. The role of bottled water as well as vegetables and fruits as factors of transmission of enteroviral infection has been revealed.
ETIOTROPIC THERAPY OF INFECTIOUS DIARRHEA
Authors: Shakhmardanov Murad Z. , Nikiforov V. V
Published: March 2020

The issues of etiotropic therapy of infectious diarrhea require a differentiated approach not only depending on the etiological factor, but also on the type of diarrhea caused by the location of the pathological process. Infectious diarrhea occur in the form of three main types: secretory, osmotic, inflammatory (invasive). Secretory and osmotic type of diarrhea are found in infectious gastroenteritis. In the mechanisms of elimination of infectious gastroenteritis pathogens, the following factors play a leading role: the destructive effect on pathogens in the lumen of the small intestine of trypsin, chemotrypsin and acid duodenal content entering the small intestine; the «killer» action of interepithelial large granular lymphocytes (M-cells) on pathogens; the increase in resistance of the small intestine epithelium under the influence of M-cell cytokines; the difficulty of intercellular distribution of pathogens due to faster than in the gut, small intestine epithelial cell renewal; microbial antagonism of representatives of normal intestinal microflora. The appointment of etiotropic agents in cases of infectious gastroenteritis, at least, suppresses the manifestations of microbial antagonism on the part of representatives of the normal intestinal microflora, creating prerequisites for the delay of the pathogen in the body. The inflammatory type of diarrhoea occurs when invasion of pathogens to the mucosal lining of the colon, with subsequent development of the destructive changes and the possibility of further translocation. Obstacles to adhesion, penetration and intercellular spread of invasive pathogens in the colon mucosa is much less than in the small intestine. Pathogens of the same genera, species and serological variants (e.g. Salmonella, Campylobacter) can cause both secretory and invasive types of diarrhea. However, the appointment of antibacterial therapy will depend on the location of the pathological process. When gastroenteritis etiotropic therapy in most cases is impractical. In the presence of clinical manifestations of colitis, involving the implementation of invasive properties of the causative agent, the appointment of etiotropic treatment is justified.
ACTUAL ISSUES OF MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MELIOIDOSIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF IMPORTED CASES TO NON-ENDEMIC REGIONS
Authors: Zakharova Irina B.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Melioidosis is a severe infection disease with the high mortality rate due to saprophytic bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. For the time present, the area of the distribution of the pathogen is much wider than in the case of the traditionally endemic Southeast Asia and Northern Australia and covers the humid tropics and subtropics of all continents. Methods. The search for data and analysis of disease cases in non-endemic areas for the period from 2003 to April 2017. Results. Over the past 15 years, 120 cases of melioidosis in non-endemic countries were described, that is 5,5 times higher than in the same previous period. There is no direct dependence of infection probability on the age and risk factors, but the presence of diabetes or chronic diseases doubles the risk of a fatal outcome of melioidosis. Southeast Asia still prevails as the origin of infection (62.5% of cases), however, the number of imported cases of melioidosis from Mexico, the Caribbean, South America, East Africa, Madagascar, China and the Pacific region begins to increase.
APPROACHES TO THE SELECTION OF ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY IN AN HIV-INFECTED PATIENT WITH FLUCONAZOLE-RESISTANT CANDIDIASIS
Authors: Filina Y. S. , Volchkova E. V. , Nesvizhskiy Y. V. , Belaya O. F.
Published: March 2020

Increasing resistance Candida spp. In HIV-infected patients, often receiving long-term antifungal preparations, both for preventive and therapeutic purposes. It is necessary to develop effective treatment regimens based on the study of the resistance of Candida spp. to antifungal drugs, at species and genetic levels.
Incidencia de las actitudes cognitivas y afectivas de los consumidores en la defensa de una marca local
Authors: Otero-Gómez María Cristina , Giraldo-Pérez Wilson
Published: March 2020

Desde el marketing, este estudio investiga las percepciones que tienen los consumidores sobre la marca local La Catira Industria Láctea, ubicada en el departamento del Meta, Colombia. Tiene como objetivo analizar las actitudes cognitivas y afectivas del consumidor en relación con la marca, con el fin de establecer cuál variable tiene mayor incidencia en su defensa. La recolección de los datos se realizó por medio de 187 encuestas físicas y en línea. A pesar de ser una marca representativa en la región, en el componente afectivo el 27,8% afirma amar esta marca, valor que no superó los porcentajes para el componente cognitivo, donde el 66,4% indica que los productos de la marca son de muy buena calidad. Los resultados sugieren que la calidad percibida es la variable de la actitud cognitiva que más se relaciona con la defensa de la marca. Además, se evidencia la debilidad en el vínculo emocional desde la perspectiva del consumidor, en relación con la marca estudiada.
Editorial
Authors: Saladino Alejandra , Campos Luana
Published: March 2020

No período que compreende o último quartel do século XX e a primeira década do subsequente, é possível perceber importantes processos endógenos e exógenos ao campo do patrimônio cultural que resultaram em mudanças significativas tanto na produção de conhecimento arqueológico brasileiro quanto na preservação dos objetos de estudo da Arqueologia.
Un Nuevo Acuerdo Verde Global (Global Green New Deal) para un desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Sundaram Jomo Kwame
Published: March 2020

Esta nota realiza un análisis breve de las propuestas del Informe sobre el Comercio y el Desarrollo 2019, de la Conferencia de la Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD, por sus siglas en inglés), el cual, con base en los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible planteados por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) para 2030, reflexiona sobre los desafíos mundiales que obstaculizan el cumplimiento de dichos objetivos. Se consideran los retos financieros, de política económica, ambientales y sociales en contraste con las perspectivas del desarrollo mundial y se explica la viabilidad de las propuestas presentadas.
Distribución del ingreso y opciones de desarrollo
Authors: Vuskovic Pedro
Published: March 2020

El ensayo presenta una visión introductoria del modelo de desarrollo “concentrador e incluyente”. Más adelante, analiza algunos antecedentes básicos: 1) la tenencia de la tierra y la agricultura; 2) el sector primario-exportador y su impacto, y 3) las formas que asume el proceso de industrialización. En la tercera parte se examinan los rasgos medulares del modelo “concentrador y excluyente”: 1) distribución del ingreso, composición del consumo global y pautas de producción; 2) desequilibrios externo y extranjerización; 3) la formación de capital; 4) el ritmo de crecimiento, y 5) el problema ocupacional. Finalmente, se exploran las opciones para el futuro.
Weak Deflection Angle by Casimir Wormhole Using Gauss-Bonnet Theorem and Its Shadow
Authors: Javed Wajiha , Hamza Ali , Övgün Ali
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we calculate the deflection angle of photon by Casimir wormhole in the weak field limit approximation. First we calculate Gaussian optical curvature with the help of optical spacetime geometry and so we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem on the Gaussian optical metric. Then we find the deflection angle of photon by Casimir wormhole. Moreover, we calculate the photon's deflection angle in the presence of plasma medium and we also see the graphical nature of deflection angle in both cases. Second, we move towards the shadow of Casimir wormhole. After the observations of Event Horizon Telescope, the study of shadow become very important so that we plot the shapes of shadow of Casimir wormhole, and we calculate the photon geodesic around the Casimir wormhole.
2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Review of the Current Literature and Built Environment (BE) Considerations to Reduce Transmission
Authors: Dietz Leslie , Horve Patrick F. , Coil David , Fretz Mark , Eisen Jonathan , Van Den Wymelenberg Kevin
Published: March 2020

With the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), corporate entities, federal, state, county and city governments, universities, school districts, places of worship, prisons, health care facilities, assisted living organizations, daycares, homeowners, and other building owners and occupants have an opportunity to reduce the potential for transmission through built environment (BE) mediated pathways. Over the last decade, substantial research into the presence, abundance, diversity, function, and transmission of microbes in the BE has taken place and revealed common pathogen exchange pathways and mechanisms. In this paper, we synthesize this microbiology of the BE research and the known information about SARS-CoV-2 to provide actionable and achievable guidance to BE decision makers, building operators, and all indoor occupants attempting to minimize infectious disease transmission through environmentally mediated pathways. We believe this information is useful to corporate and public administrators and individuals responsible for building operations and environmental services in their decision-making process about the degree and duration of social-distancing measures during viral epidemics and pandemics.