bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTER-SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF VEGETATION COVER AND SURFACE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION: A CASE STUDY OF ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ibitolu H. A. , Ogunjobi K. O.
Published: August 2016

This study employs Landsat ETM+ satellite imagery to access the inter-seasonal variations of Surface Temperature and Vegetation cover in Ondo State in 2013. Also, air temperature data for year 2013 acquired from 3 synoptic meteorological stations across the state were analyzed. The Single-channel Algorithm was used to extract the surface temperature maps from the digital number embedded within the individual pixel. To understand the spatio-temporal distribution of LST and vegetation across the various landuse types, 200 sample points were randomly chosen, so that each land-use covers 40 points. Imagery for the raining season where unavailable because of the intense cloud cover. Result showed that the lowest air temperature of 20.9°C was in January, while the highest air temperature of 34°C occurred in January and March. There was a significant shift in the vegetation greenness over Ondo State, as average NDVI tend to increase from a weak positive value (0.189) to a moderate value (0.419). The LULC map revealed that vegetation cover occupied the largest area (65%) followed by Built-up (26%), Swampy land (4%), Rock outcrop (3%) and water bodies (2%). The surface temperature maps revealed that January has the lowest temperature of 10°C experienced in the coastal riverine areas of Ilaje and Igbokoda, while the highest temperature of 39°C observed in September is experienced on the rocky grounds. The study also showed the existence of pockets of Urban Heat Islands (UHI) that are well scattered all over the state. This finding proves the capability and reliability of Satellite remote sensing for environmental studies.
LANDSAT 8 MULTISPECTRAL AND PANSHARPENED IMAGERY PROCESSING ON THE STUDY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING ISSUES
Authors: Lazaridou M. A. , Karagianni A. Ch.
Published: August 2016

Scientific and professional interests of civil engineering mainly include structures, hydraulics, geotechnical engineering, environment, and transportation issues. Topics included in the context of the above may concern urban environment issues, urban planning, hydrological modelling, study of hazards and road construction. Land cover information contributes significantly on the study of the above subjects. Land cover information can be acquired effectively by visual image interpretation of satellite imagery or after applying enhancement routines and also by imagery classification. The Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM – Landsat 8) is the latest satellite in Landsat series, launched in February 2013. Landsat 8 medium spatial resolution multispectral imagery presents particular interest in extracting land cover, because of the fine spectral resolution, the radiometric quantization of 12bits, the capability of merging the high resolution panchromatic band of 15 meters with multispectral imagery of 30 meters as well as the policy of free data. In this paper, Landsat 8 multispectral and panchromatic imageries are being used, concerning surroundings of a lake in north-western Greece. Land cover information is extracted, using suitable digital image processing software. The rich spectral context of the multispectral image is combined with the high spatial resolution of the panchromatic image, applying image fusion – pansharpening, facilitating in this way visual image interpretation to delineate land cover. Further processing concerns supervised image classification. The classification of pansharpened image preceded multispectral image classification. Corresponding comparative considerations are also presented.
MULTI-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF WWII RECONNAISSANCE PHOTOS
Authors: Meixner P. , Eckstein M.
Published: August 2016

There are millions of aerial photographs from the period of the Second Wold War available in the Allied archives, obtained by aerial photo reconnaissance, covering most of today’s European countries. They are spanning the time from 1938 until the end of the war and even beyond. Photo reconnaissance provided intelligence information for the Allied headquarters and accompanied the bombing offensive against the German homeland and the occupied territories.

 One of the initial principal targets in Bohemia were the synthetized fuel works STW AG (Sudetenländische Treibstoffwerke AG) in Zaluzi (formerly Maltheuren) near Most (formerly Brück), Czech Republic. The STW AG synthetized fuel plant was not only subject to bombing raids, but a subject to quite intensive photo reconnaissance, too - long before the start of the bombing campaign. With a multi-temporal analysis of the available imagery from international archives we will demonstrate the factory build-up during 1942 and 1943, the effects of the bombing raids in 1944 and the struggle to keep the plant working in the last year of the war. Furthermore we would like to show the impact the bombings have today, in form of potential unexploded ordnance in the adjacent area of the open cast mines.
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF INEXPENSIVE THERMAL SENSORS AND SMALL UAS DEPLOYMENT FOR LIVING HUMAN DETECTION IN RESCUE MISSIONS APPLICATION SCENARIOS
Authors: Levin E. , Zarnowski A. , McCarty J. L. , Bialas J. , Banaszek A. , Banaszek S.
Published: August 2016

Significant efforts are invested by rescue agencies worldwide to save human lives during natural and man-made emergency situations including those that happen in wilderness locations. These emergency situations include but not limited to: accidents with alpinists, mountainous skiers, people hiking and lost in remote areas. Sometimes in a rescue operation hundreds of first responders are involved to save a single human life. There are two critical issues where geospatial imaging can be a very useful asset in rescue operations support: 1) human detection and 2) confirming a fact that detected a human being is alive. International group of researchers from the Unites States and Poland collaborated on a pilot research project devoted to identify a feasibility of use for the human detection and alive-human state confirmation small unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs) and inexpensive forward looking infrared (FLIR) sensors. Equipment price for both research teams was below $8,000 including 3DR quadrotor UAV and Lepton longwave infrared (LWIR) imager which costs around $250 (for the US team); DJI Inspire 1 UAS with commercial Tamarisc-320 thermal camera (for the Polish team). Specifically both collaborating groups performed independent experiments in the USA and Poland and shared imaging data of on the ground and airborne electro-optical and FLIR sensor imaging collected. In these experiments dead bodies were emulated by use of medical training dummies. Real humans were placed nearby as live human subjects. Electro-optical imagery was used for the research in optimal human detection algorithms. Furthermore, given the fact that a dead human body after several hours has a temperature of the surrounding environment our experiments were challenged by the SUAS data optimization, i.e., distance from SUAV to object so that the FLIR sensor is still capable to distinguish temperature differences between a dummy and a real human. Our experiments indicated feasibility of use SUAVs and small thermal sensors for the human detection scenarios described above. Differences in temperatures were collected by deployed imaging acquisition platform are interpretable on FLIR images visually. Moreover, we applied ENVI image processing functions for calibration and numerical estimations of such a temperature differences. There are more potential system functionalities such as voice messages from rescue teams and even distant medication delivery for the victims of described emergencies. This paper describes experiments, processing results, and future research in more details.
Decision support system for emergency management of oil spill accidents in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Liubartseva Svitlana , Coppini Giovanni , Pinardi Nadia , De Dominicis Michela , Lecci Rita , Turrisi Giuseppe , Cretì Sergio , Martinelli Sara , Agostini Paola , Marra Palmalisa , Palermo Francesco
Published: August 2016

Abstract. This paper presents an innovative web-based decision support system to facilitate emergency management in the case of oil spill accidents, called WITOIL (Where Is The Oil). The system can be applied to create a forecast of oil spill events, evaluate uncertainty of the predictions, and calculate hazards based on historical meteo-oceanographic datasets. To compute the oil transport and transformation, WITOIL uses the MEDSLIK-II oil spill model forced by operational meteo-oceanographic services. Results of the modeling are visualized through Google Maps. A special application for Android is designed to provide mobile access for competent authorities, technical and scientific institutions, and citizens.
Mapping snow depth within a tundra ecosystem using multiscale observations and
Bayesian methods
Authors: Wainwright Haruko M. , Liljedahl Anna K. , Dafflon Baptiste , Ulrich Craig , Peterson John E. , Hubbard Susan S.
Published: August 2016

Abstract. This paper compares and integrates different strategies to characterize the variability of end-of-winter snow depth and its relationship to topography in ice-wedge polygon tundra of Arctic Alaska. Snow depth was measured using in situ snow depth probes, and estimated using ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys and the Photogrammetric Detection and Ranging (PhoDAR) technique with an unmanned aerial system (UAS). We found that GPR data provided high-precision estimates of snow depth (RMSE = 2.9 cm), with a spatial sampling of 10 cm along transects. UAS-based approaches provided snow depth estimates in a less laborious manner compared to GPR and probing while yielding a high precision (RMSE = 6.0 cm) and a fine spatial sampling (4 cm by 4 cm). We then investigated the spatial variability of snow depth and its correlation to micro- and macrotopography using the snow-free LiDAR digital elevation map (DEM) and the wavelet approach. We found that the end-of-winter snow depth was highly variable over short (several meter) distances, and the variability was correlated with microtopography. Microtopographic lows (i.e., troughs and centers of low-centered polygons) were filled in with snow, which resulted in a smooth and even snow surface following macrotopography. We developed and implemented a Bayesian approach to integrate the snow-free LiDAR DEM and multi-scale measurements (probe and GPR) as well as the topographic correlation for estimating snow depth over the landscape. Our approach led to high precision estimates of snow depth (RMSE = 6.0 cm), at 0.5-meter resolution and over the LiDAR domain (750 m by 700 m).
Evaluative Language in Political Speeches: A Case Study of Iranian and American Presidents’ Speeches
Authors: Mazlum Farhad , Afshin Sanaz
Published: August 2016

The study of evaluative language of political speeches is a fresh area of investigation in the field of stylistics. This study aimed at exploring and investigating evaluative instances in the speeches by Hassan Rouhani—Iran’s president— and Barak Obama at UN assembly in 2014. To this end, Martin and White’s Appraisal system of meaning was adopted to examine the mechanisms through which Obama and Rouhani express their feelings towards different people and issues. Additionally, in this study it was intended to represent how each politician ‘positions’ himself vis-à-vis different inter/national phenomena. The findings suggested that both presidents preferred to apply more adjectives and nominalizations than verbs and adverbs to express their emotion. Also the results of the study suggested that Rouhani opted for greater use of authorial and non-authorial affect in his speech than Obama. In both speeches, the flexible nature of the different emotional markers let the speakers frame them to the current social, economic, political situation of the world. One applied them to mention the threats and horrors all around the globe and the other employed them to make confidence and sympathize with other nations. 
Applying Foreignization and Domestication in Translating Arabic Dialectical Expressions into English
Authors: Baawaidhan Awadh. G.
Published: August 2016

Translating across language and cultural barriers is one of the most complicated tasks translator might face. This is due to the fact that text produced in one language and culture contains information about persons, institutions, habits, customers and traditions which accessible to speakers of the source language text but not understood by the speakers of another language. This article shows procedures and strategies used to overcome such problem and difficulties in translating Arabic dialect expressions into English. A central issue of this discussion is to highlight Venuti;s translation strategies foreignization and domestication that have been used in translating dialecticll expressions and culture-specific elements into English, with special reference to Janet Watson”s translation of Sana’ani Arabic dialect. Relying on the distinction of the two key cultural strategies of Domestication and Foreignization, this study reveals the way in which Arabic culture-specific elements have been portrayed in foreign context. The paper considers the validity of those cultural translation strategies and discusses their applications in different occasions. According to the obtained results, both foreignization and domestication strategies have been used to overcome the language and cultural barriers in translation of Sana'ani Arabic into English. But foreignization has been used more as the most pervasive cultural strategy. 
The Grace of Cattle in the Noble Quran: An Analytical Study
Authors: AlBzour Salahaldeen Mohammad
Published: August 2016

Cattle are among the great graces that have been sent down and have been subjected for human beings and Allah has mentioned the cattle in His Noble Quran. It has been adopted in this research the analytical method that attempts to make use of statistical analysis of cattle as mentioned in the Noble Quran. Furthermore, the purposes of the current research are to bring to light the potential purposes of mentioning the cattle in the Noble Quran and to clear up how the place of revelation of the surahs could intensify the understanding of the verses. Anyway, the results come to light that cattle are not vainly mentioned in the Noble Quran and the main purpose of mentioning them is to show the benefits and lessons that human beings can get from them and then comes the rest of purposes respectively. Moreover, the results show that the place of revelation of the surahs cannot be ignored because it gives a great deal of understanding the context of the verses. Finally, the results display that it is sometimes necessary to refer to the preceding verse(s) or to the following one(s) to understand the purposes of mentioning the cattle and to understand the context of the verse.
Effects of Irrigation Methods and Water Regimes on Occurrences of Cucumo- And Poty- Viruses in Watermelon
Authors: Kareem Kehinde Titilope , Oke Adebayo Olubukola , Are Kayode Stephen , Akinbode Oluwafolake Adenike , Adelana Ayodele Olumide
Published: August 2016

The response of watermelon to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) under different irrigation methods and water regimes (WRs) was investigated. Watermelon varieties; Kaolak and Sugar baby were irrigated using either sprinkler or basin at 50%, 70% and 100% WRs during the dry season. Results showed that at 3 and 5 weeks after planting (WAP) total irrigation at 100% water regime (WR100) produced the tallest plants with basin irrigation. Mean values of 15.68 cm and 15.85 cm were obtained from Kaolak and Sugar baby respectively with basin irrigation at WR100. However, irrigation at WR50 produced shorter plants with fewer leaves. Complete yield loss was recorded on the field due to severe virus infection. Mixed virus infections were evident in some of the treatments but basin irrigation at WR70 and WR100 had no mix infection of CMV and WMV. Also, varieties were not susceptible to CMV infection at WR70 and WR100 when basin irrigation was used. However, the most severe CMV infection occurred in Sugar baby at WR50 using sprinkler irrigation with virus titre of 1.29. The two varieties were susceptible to WMV irrespective of the irrigation method or WR. The highest WMV titre was 2.88 obtained from Sugar baby at WR50. Total irrigation produced plants with good agronomic parameters compared with deficit irrigation. However, complete yield loss was recorded as a result of either single or double virus infections. Therefore, virus prevention and breeding for virus resistance are best approaches for the control of plant viruses.
“Después del diluvio”
Authors: Marín Raúl
Published: August 2016

La crítica especializada coincide en que el pintor nicaragüense Raúl Marín es un genio. Al concepto le transfiereun valor esencial, su elemento metafórico hasta develar su otra realidad y la “base de todo, que es el surrealismo”.Graduado en la Academia de Bellas Artes de Florencia, Italia, en 1977. Dos veces ganador del Premio Nacional de Pintura. Acerca de su técnica, la crítica también pone en relieve el dominio que tiene con la espátula y la manera particular en que logra crear trazos casi a la perfección del pincel.¿Qué dicen los críticos de la obra y su creador?Álvaro Urtecho: “Un expresionista con tendencias al abstraccionismo lírico, pero que también procede del impresionismo por el privilegio que le concede a la luz”.Anastasio Lovo: “Raúl ha logrado constituir su obra como una de las más bellas, audaces y trascendentales de la pintura nicaragüense”.Tobías Jiménez: “La pintura se apoderó de Raúl, y Raúl de la pintura. Lo que es una característica del arte moderno “la luz en el color”.Raúl Marín, pintor genioEl Nuevo Diario(30 de julio de 2010)
Frutas de revelación en las pinturas de Winston Miranda
Authors: Craven David
Published: August 2016

La mayoría de mis obras tienen como punto focal una fruta de nuestra región llamada granadilla. Es una fruta que normalmente es usada para hacer un rico refresco de su mismo nombre, pues para mí, es una fruta muy interesante por su forma, sus colores, sus diferentes brillos y su forma sensual. Además, representa mucho de mi infancia, porque tuve la oportunidad de cultivarla en esa Época de mi vida, en mi pueblo natal San Carlos, departamento de Río San Juan. Con esta obra de Dios, represento a la naturaleza.
A rare case of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and subsequent metastatic insulinoma causing severe hypoglycemia
Authors: Li Josephine H. , Tang Catherine J. , Hennessey James V.
Published: August 2016

Objective: To report an unusual case of concurrent pancreatic adenocarcinoma and metastatic insulinoma causing severehypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes.Methods: The clinical presentation, biochemical studies, and relevant imaging of this patient are presented and the pertinentliterature is reviewed.Results: A 59-year-old man with a history of unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma and diabetes was admitted for persistenthypoglycemia, meeting all criteria for Whipple’s triad and requiring high-dose dextrose infusion. Prior outpatient abdominalimaging had revealed hepatic lesions that were biopsied and found to be a high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma. On admission, laboratory evaluation revealed inappropriately suppressed beta-hydroxybutyrate levels, and inappropriately elevated insulin, C-peptide, and proinsulin levels. An octreotide scan revealed uptake in the hepatic lesions but not in the pancreatic head mass. Immunohistochemistry staining of prior liver biopsy samples was negative for insulin. Diazoxide therapy was initiated, butdiscontinued after the onset of hypotension. The hypoglycemia resolved only after trans-arterial chemoembolization of lesionsboth in the left and the right liver lobes, in combination with continued octreotide. Unfortunately, he subsequently developedrecurrent hypoglycemia three weeks later and ultimately passed away after transitioning to hospice care.Conclusions: Insulinomas are rare neoplasms of the pancreas that are characterized by insulin hypersecretion, which can bedebilitating and potentially life-threatening. The diagnosis of metastatic insulinoma is difficult to make in the setting of multiplecomorbidities and requires precise biochemical studies. Multiple medical treatments are available but the overall prognosis ispoor.
Stress Modulation of Fracture Fixation Implants
Authors: Beltran Michael J. , Collinge Cory A. , Gardner Michael J.
Published: August 2016

Stress modulation is the concept of manipulating bridge plate variables to provide a flexible fixation construct that allows callus formation through uneventful secondary bone healing. Obtaining absolute stability through the anatomic reduction of all fracture fragments comes at the expense of fracture biology, whereas intramedullary nailing, which is more advantageous for diaphyseal fractures of the lower extremity, is technically demanding and often may not be possible when stabilizing many metaphyseal fractures. Overly stiff plating constructs are associated with asymmetric callus formation, early implant failure, and fracture nonunion. Numerous surgeon-controlled variables can be manipulated to increase flexibility without sacrificing strength, including using longer plates with well-spaced screws, choosing titanium or stainless steel implants, and using locking or nonlocking screws. Axially dynamic emerging concepts, such as far cortical locking and near cortical overdrilling, provide further treatment options when bridge plating techniques are used.
The Flipped Classroom Impact in Grammar Class on EFL Saudi Secondary School Students’ Performances and Attitudes
Authors: Al-Harbi Sarah S. , Alshumaimeri Yousif A.
Published: August 2016

The aim of this study was to apply the flipped classroom strategy in teaching English grammar to examine its impact on secondary school students’ performances, perceptions, and attitudes toward learning English independently. The researcher implemented the flipped classroom strategy by selecting videos based on the students’ textbook and uploading those videos on the Edmodo site before each lesson to provide opportunities for active learning interactions. The students of the experimental group (n = 20) were required to watch the videos to learn by themselves and to come to class prepared to ask for clarification, if needed. They also practiced what they had learned under the teacher’s supervision by completing collaborative and competitive tasks in groups or pairs. Meanwhile, the control group students (n = 23) received in-class only traditional teaching. They learned the grammatical lessons without the help of any videos. The statistical analysis of the post-test results showed that adopting the flipped classroom strategy appeared to play a role in enhancing the students’ grammar performances, as the mean score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, but this difference was not statistically significant. The students’ responses to a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews indicated that their attitudes’ towards using the flipped classroom strategy in the EFL class were positive.
Intercultural Competence of Students in International Baccalaureate World Schools in Turkey and Abroad
Authors: DEMIRCIOGLU Serife , CAKIR Cemal
Published: August 2016

This study investigates intercultural competence of International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme (IBDP) students and non-IBDP students and whether it is affected by some variants such as grade, gender, nationality, being a native speaker of English, living in an English speaking country and travelling abroad. The data is gathered from the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) and the demographic part. The results reveal that there isn’t a significant difference in ISS scores of IBDP students, but there is a significant difference in ISS scores between IBDP and non-IBDP students. The ISS scores differed in gender, grade and living in an English speaking country.
Research on the Boost of Development on Young Children’s Fine Motor by Folk Games
Authors: Wei Xia
Published: August 2016

As Chinese traditional folk culture, folk games have unique educational value which can boost the development of young children’s fine motor. Based on previous investigation of fine motor skill of children in Nanchong, Sichuan Province, the researcher chose a middle class in public city kindergarten A with lower survey score as the study object. The class with lower level on fine motor skill was set as an intervention group and the other class as a control group to conduct a 3-month educational activity about folk games. During the process, the researchers, being the teachers themselves, used qualitative research method to study the process of educational activities about folk games targeting at the boost of development on young children’s fine motor skills, by tracking and observing children, and physical analysis of their painting and handwork. The research results indicate that there is an overall improvement of fine motor skills of young children from the intervention group in kindergarten A and their performances on pinching, touching, drawing and cutting all surpass children from the control group.
Transition Process of Procedural to Conceptual Understanding in Solving Mathematical Problems
Authors: Fatqurhohman Fatqurhohman
Published: August 2016

This article aims to describe the transition process from procedural understanding to conceptual understanding in solving mathematical problems. Subjects in this study were three students from 20 fifth grade students of SDN 01 Sumberberas Banyuwangi selected based on the results of the students’ answers. The transition process from procedural to conceptually based on three aspects: (1) identify problems in the use of an algorithm, (2) the process algorithm, (3) connect multiple concepts to transform into another shape through the symbolic/picture representations. The results showed that the majority of students (18 students out of 20 students) only meets two (2) aspects of 10 students (50%) can identify the algorithms and the use of algorithms, 8 students (40%) able to use algorithms and connect with other forms. While other students (two students from 20 students) of 10% that meet only three aspects of the transitions. Thus, understanding the procedural has an important role in developing a conceptual understanding. Because the component/aspect of procedural understanding exist on components/aspects of conceptual understanding. Thus, the association acquired several components/aspects that support the process of transition from procedural understanding to a conceptual understanding.
Islamic Education and Individual Requirements in Interaction and Media Use
Authors: Khashab Hamdollah Karimi , Vaezi Seyed Hossein , Golestani Seyed Hashem , Taghipour Faezeh
Published: August 2016

This article aims to analyze the views and teachings of Islam and the Islamic religion in order to determine the requirements of interaction and media use. This article is of qualitative kind and content analysis approach and has done based on the study of Islamic texts and sources associated with the media. Because of the multiplicity and diversity of sources for better organization, it was used all available printed and digital written. Data collection method was library and accordingly, used the resources available in libraries, databases and electronic Journals and slip and form data collection tool were developed by researchers. In order to analyze the data, first the theoretical foundations were examined through the study of literature and taking notes and then using content analysis concepts and major themes were categorized and extracted according to the individual relationship with God, self, others, the world, life, and life about Media. To increase the credibility of the analysis of people out-of-range use and after review, reformation was carried out. The results and findings of this paper shows that by deeply looking at the Islamic religious teachings can introduce a human and society which would help him/her in the recognition and interaction with tools such as Media and before this powerful communication tool fades and captures human with its own graces and creates a dependency in his/her behavior, it uses media in line with human and Islamic goals better. Among this, the special attention to interactive approach and competition, due to the growing trend and unpredictable emerging technologies is reflected against Attraction approaches, avoiding or apathy. Also extracting Islamic requirements in interaction with media causes to prevent, security and reliability of the Muslim movement and vaccinating him/her in the stormy sea of media waves and hide and reveal goals/targets. What was taken for granted, rich Islamic teachings in interaction with the media provides individual requirement dimensions in order to facilitate the person’s relationship with God, self, others, the world, life and the Hereafter, strengthen and the more better background of his/her self-management in interaction with any man-made instrument including the mass media.
On Effort and Achievement of Business Undergraduate and Graduate Students under a Disastrous Event
Authors: Mok Wai Yin , Mok Jonathan Rex , Cheung Kit Yee
Published: August 2016

The 2011 tornado event in Alabama left college students with a choice to be exempt of their final examinations or participate in an attempt to improve their overall grades. This incident provided an opportunity to conduct an observational study with the goal of measuring the academic effort of business undergraduate and graduate students. The observation methodology utilized total enrollment of 3804 with an undergraduate enrollment of 3298 and a graduate enrollment of 506 for the spring term of 2011 which included 969 undergraduates and 276 graduates. A stratified random sampling was used to collect enrollment data according to 8 disciplines within the business college. Findings of this study suggest graduate students outperform undergraduate students in grade improvement. In fact, the eligibility rate and successful rate for obtaining a higher grade after taking a final examination for both undergraduates and graduates were statistically insignificant. However, the participation rate for taking the final examination between undergraduates and graduates was statistically different.
Students’ Involvement in Social Networking and Attitudes towards Its Integration into Teaching
Authors: Umoh Ukeme Ekpedeme , Etuk Etuk Nssien
Published: August 2016

The study examined ‘Students’ Involvement in Social Networking and attitudes towards its Integration into Teaching. The study was carried out in the University of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of 17,618 undergraduate students enrolled into full time degree programmes in the University of Uyo for 2014/2015 academic session. The design of the study was survey design with ex-post facto approach. Random sampling technique was used to select 1730 students from the 12 faculties in the University. The instrument used for the study was ‘Students’ Social Networking and Attitude Questionnaire which was validated by an expert in curriculum studies and an expert in measurement and evaluation in the University of Uyo. Cronbach’s Alpha Statistical method was used to determine the reliability coefficient of .70 for the instrument. Two research questions and two null hypotheses tested at .05 level of significance guided the study. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer research questions; Independent t-test and Analysis of Variance were used to test the hypotheses. The results show that there is significant difference in involvement of university undergraduate students in Social Networking based on course of study, level (year) of study and age. Female undergraduate students’ involvement in social networking is higher than that of their male counterparts; but male undergraduate students showed a higher positive attitude towards integration of social networking into teaching and learning.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 11 No. 9
Authors: Lee Stephen
Published: August 2016

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 11 No. 9, 2016
Coordinating Contracts for Two-Echelon Supply Chain with Price and Promotional Sensitive Demand
Authors: Abdollahi Hooman , Talooni Mohammad
Published: August 2016

In this paper three coordinating contracts in supply chain namely (i) revenue-sharing contract (ii) cost-sharing contract (iii) profit-sharing contract are proposed for two echelon supply chain coordination perspective under promotion and price sensitive demand. In our model buyer makes the promotional decision and undertakes the promotional sales effort cost. It is shown that in decentralized channel the results are sub-optimal. It is found analytically that the revenue-sharing contract coordinates pricing decision but not promotional decision for all values of the promotional effort cost. It is also found that the cost-sharing contract fails to coordinate channel. The profit-sharing contract is demonstrated to coordinate both the pricing and the promotional decisions in the channel.
Mechanical and Energy Absorption Properties of Foamed Concrete under One-dimension Strain Compression
Authors: Tian Xinbang , Zhang Daiyu , Niu Yunhui
Published: August 2016

Foamed concrete is a type of cellular concrete with excellent properties of impact attenuation and energy absorption. This study investigates the mechanical and energy absorption properties of foamed concrete. The relationship between elastic modulus and relative density of foamed concrete was exploited at one-dimension strain compressive loading condition, and a shape function was applied to describe the constitutive equation of  the foamed concrete. In this study one-dimension strain compressive testing method was employed. Based on stress strain curve and constitutive equation, yield stress, plateau stress, densification strain and energy absorption efficiency of foamed concrete were obtained, and the energy absorption property was also analyzed. This study can support the applications of foamed concrete in structural protection.
Economic Valuation of Oil Palm Plantation Investment in Swamp Area of Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Hamdani Hamdani
Published: August 2016

This study describes the companies’ feasibility determination on oil palm plantation investment. We also compare it with the oil palm plantation in swamp area, by considering economic, social and environmental aspects. We used total valuation method to valuing the environmental value of swamp area. Otherwise, investment analyzed by the model of benefit cost ratio (BCR), net present value (NPV), and internal rate of return (IRR). The study showed that the financial valuation of investment feasibility that is made and proposed by the plantation companies to banks (creditors), did not account the land value (economic, social and environmental values) of swamp ecosystems. The assessment on swampland value obtained Rp232, 570,833,400 or US$24,481 million per year for 10,000 ha area – US$2,448 per ha each year. Although the total value of economic environment is included in the valuation element of oil palm plantation investment in swampland, it still result insufficient value. However, by sensitivity analysis scenario of swampland plantation would become sufficient if the Crude Palm Oil (CPO) price is above US$1300 per ton. It also has a second scenario if the environmental cost can be pressed optimally into Rp9, 025,541 or US$950 per ha per year.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 10, No. 7
Authors: Lee Sunny
Published: August 2016

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Modern Applied Science, Vol. 10, No. 7
Intraductal Oncocytic Papillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas
Authors: Kallen Michael E. , Naini Bita V.
Published: August 2016

Intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms (IOPNs) are cystic neoplasms with intraductal growth and complex papillae composed of oncocytic cells. IOPNs have been reported both in the pancreas and biliary tree, and are most likely closely related in these 2 locations. In the pancreas, these rare tumors are now considered 1 of the 4 histologic subtypes of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Significant differences in histology, immunophenotype, and molecular genetics have been reported between IOPNs and other IPMN subtypes. However, there are limited data regarding the clinical behavior and prognosis of IOPNs in comparison to other subtypes of IPMN. We review features of pancreatic IOPNs and discuss the differential diagnosis of other intraductal lesions in the pancreas.
SOCIOEDUCAÇÃO: DA ONTOLOGIA À TELEOLOGIA – UMA AMBIGUIDADE TEÓRICA
Authors: Machado Erica Babini Lapa do Amaral
Published: August 2016

Trata-se de discussão teórica sobre o conceito de socioeducação, ponderando a sua natureza, reconhecida como criminal, devido à estrutura normativa e a consequência de uma prática de ato infracional, que em si é um fato ilícito. Não obstante a natureza (ontologia) criminal, não pode a medida socioeducativa ser confundida com a pena, posto que  a socioeducação cumpre outras funções, devido à condição peculiar de desenvolvimento do adolescente em conflito com a lei. Por outro lado, os objetivos (teleologia) da socioeducação também precisam ser problematizados, especialmente ante a realidade neoliberal que enfrenta o conceito de educação. Com todas essas questões, a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, medotologicamente orientada, restou evidente ambiguidades do instituto jurídico medida socioeducativa, cabendo, desse modo, enveredar esforços no sentido da construção da proposta de uma cidadania juvenil que independa da resposta estatal baseada em retribuição.
O FUTURO PASSADO DO CONSTITUCIONALISMO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Paula Rodrigo Francisco de , Moreira Nelson Camatta
Published: August 2016

Neste artigo, analisa-se criticamente a possível relação que se estabelece entre as experiências políticas e constitucionais do Brasil e a expectativa que se abre a partir daí, que limitam – e ao mesmo tempo possibilitam – o horizonte de expectativa acerca do futuro do constitucionalismo brasileiro. Para tanto, trabalha-se com a teoria da história de Reinhart Koselleck, na caracterização da percepção do tempo histórico na época moderna, segundo as categorias meta-históricas do espaço de experiência e do horizonte de expectativa, juntamente com as preocupações de Paul Ricœur sobre os desafios da hermenêutica histórica, como uma mediação constituída por perspectivas cruzadas entre a expectativa do futuro, a recepção do passado e a vivência do presente. Em síntese, sustenta-se que o futuro do constitucionalismo brasileiro precisa assumir uma relação de tensão com o seu passado, na instância mediadora do presente onde se situa a Constituição de 1988, que se abre em direção tanto ao passado quanto ao futuro, no projeto de constituição de um Estado Democrático de Direito no Brasil.
O ATIVISMO JUDICIAL NA DÉBÂCLE DO SISTEMA POLÍTICO: SOBRE UMA HERMENÊUTICA DA CRISE
Authors: Trindade André Karam , Oliveira Rafael Tomaz de
Published: August 2016

As presentes reflexões estudam as origens e as causas da expansão do Poder Judiciário, que cresceu na última década. O artigo tem como pano de fundo a crise política que se instalou no Brasil entre os anos de 2014 e 2015 e está baseado na seguinte hipótese de trabalho: quanto maior o grau de paralisação do sistema político maior o grau de provocação para que o judiciário decida sobre toda a sorte de tema controverso. A análise é organizada em três partes coordenadas: (a) a primeira representa a expansão do modelo, tipo “exportação”, dos Estados Unidos para o mundo; (b) essa migração cultural de instituições se faz por meio de uma acomodação desses instrumentos e mecanismos dos modelos políticos; (c) por fim, é apontado que a busca pelo judiciário aumenta quando o sistema político é levado ao limite e, é exatamente nesses casos, que o perigo de decisões ativistas se mostra mais evidenciado. Apresenta-se uma alerta para nortear aqueles que se preocupam com uma Constituição equilibrada: o agigantamento de atribuições em torno de um único poder pode levar há um governo autocrático, solapador da democracia.
DESAFÍOS HERMENÉUTICOS: AD INTRA/ AD EXTRA SENTIDO
Authors: Calvo Gonzales José
Published: August 2016

O artigo trata da diferença entre a interpretação ad extra e ad intra das preposições normativas. Enquanto a interpretação ad intra possui sentido estrito, ligada à teoria da interpretação jurídica de Hans Kelsen, a utilização do sentido ad extra possibilita a solução do problema das chamadas “lacunas da lei”, pois a interpretação não se limita à linearidade estrita da palavra, vinculando as normas ao caso concreto. O pensamento jurídico moderno se apoiou na Teoria positivista do Direito. Hoje, ela se encontra em ruínas e incompatível com a nova sociedade e os novos direitos e, para adaptar o sistema jurídico aos novos contextos e conflitos atuais, é necessário utilizar a interpretação hermenêutica para ampliar o sentido das normas. O trabalho visa mostrar que o verdadeiro espírito das normas possui uma superioridade em relação a tudo o que é puramente ciência, puramente técnico, puramente palavra.
PREFERÊNCIAS DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E ESPORTES PARA ESCOLARES NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Lemes Vanilson Batista , Brand Caroline , Dias Arieli Fernandes , Moreira Rodrigo Baptista , Gaya Adroaldo , Gaya Anelise
Published: August 2016

Objetivo: Descrever as preferências por atividade física e esportes de escolares do sexto ao oitavo ano. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa realizado com 52 escolares, sendo 28 meninos, questionados através de um instrumento semiestruturado. Resultados: As modalidades que os estudantes têm preferência em praticar foram lutas (53,8%), voleibol (38,5%) e futsal (30,8%). Por gênero, as preferências foram lutas (100%) e futsal (46,4%) para os meninos e voleibol (62,5%) e dança (45,8%) para as meninas. Conclusão: Há divergência entre as práticas de AF e esportes realizadas e aquilo que os escolares preferem.
How Administrators' Messages Influence Teacher Practice
Authors: Marynowski Richelle
Published: August 2016

Teachers react to pressure and expectations as they prepare students for high-stakes exams.
Snapshots of Equitable Teaching in a Highly Diverse Classroom
Authors: Urbina-Lilback Ruth N.
Published: August 2016

Two instructional principles–being open to students' input and building on misconceptions–can open the door for mathematics learning in community college.
Enhanced Cardioprotection by Human Endometrium Mesenchymal Stem Cells Driven by Exosomal MicroRNA-21
Authors: Wang Kan , Jiang Zhi , Webster Keith A. , Chen Jinghai , Hu Hengxun , Zhou Yu , Zhao Jing , Wang Lihan , Wang Yingchao , Zhong Zhiwei , Ni Cheng , Li Qingju , Xiang Charlie , Zhang Ling , Wu Rongrong , Zhu Wei , Yu Hong , Hu Xinyang , Wang Jian'an
Published: August 2016

Our group recently reported positive therapeutic benefit of human endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs) delivered to infarcted rat myocardium, an effect that correlated with enhanced secretion of protective cytokines and growth factors compared with parallel cultures of human bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs). To define more precisely the molecular mechanisms of EnMSC therapy, in the present study, we assessed in parallel the paracrine and therapeutic properties of MSCs derived from endometrium, bone marrow, and adipose tissues in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI). EnMSCs, BMMSCs, and adipose-derived MSCs (AdMSCs) were characterized by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Paracrine and cytoprotective actions were assessed in vitro by coculture with neonatal cardiomyocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. A rat MI model was used to compare cell therapy by intramyocardial injection of BMMSCs, AdMSCs, and EnMSCs. We found that EnMSCs conferred superior cardioprotection relative to BMMSCs or AdMSCs and supported enhanced microvessel density. Inhibitor studies indicated that the enhanced paracrine actions of EnMSCs were mediated by secreted exosomes. Analyses of exosomal microRNAs (miRs) by miR array and quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that miR-21 expression was selectively enhanced in exosomes derived from EnMSCs. Selective antagonism of miR-21 by anti-miR treatment abolished the antiapoptotic and angiogenic effects of EnMSCs with parallel effects on phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a miR-21 target and downstream Akt. The results of the present study confirm the superior cardioprotection by EnMSCs relative to BMMSCs or AdMSCs and implicates miR-21 as a potential mediator of EnMSC therapy by enhancing cell survival through the PTEN/Akt pathway. The endometrium might be a preferential source of MSCs for cardiovascular cell therapy.
Ferumoxytol Labeling of Human Neural Progenitor Cells for Diagnostic Cellular Tracking in the Porcine Spinal Cord with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Lamanna Jason J. , Gutierrez Juanmarco , Urquia Lindsey N. , Hurtig C. Victor , Amador Elman , Grin Natalia , Svendsen Clive N. , Federici Thais , Oshinski John N. , Boulis Nicholas M.
Published: August 2016

We report on the diagnostic capability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based tracking of ferumoxytol-labeled human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) transplanted into the porcine spinal cord. hNPCs prelabeled with two doses of ferumoxytol nanoparticles (hNPC-FLow and hNPC-FHigh) were injected into the ventral horn of the spinal cord in healthy minipigs. Ferumoxytol-labeled grafts were tracked in vivo up to 105 days after transplantation with MRI. Injection accuracy was assessed in vivo at day 14 and was predictive of “on” or “off” target cell graft location assessed by histology. No difference in long-term cell survival, assessed by quantitative stereology, was observed among hNPC-FLow, hNPC-FHigh, or control grafts. Histological iron colocalized with MRI signal and engrafted human nuclei. Furthermore, the ferumoxytol-labeled cells retained nanoparticles and function in vivo. This approach represents an important leap forward toward facilitating translation of cell-tracking technologies to clinical trials by providing a method of assessing transplantation accuracy, delivered dose, and potentially cell survival.