bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transition of patients with metabolic bone disease from paediatric to adult healthcare services: current situation and proposals for improvement
Authors: Casado Enrique , Gómez-Alonso Carlos , Pintos-Morell Guillem , Bou-Torrent Rosa , Barreda-Bonis Ana Coral , Torregrosa José Vicente , Broseta-Monzó José Jesús , Arango-Sancho Pedro , Chocrón-de-Benzaquen Sara , Olmedilla-Ishishi Yoko , Soler-López Begoña
Published: August 2023

Background

There are currently no models for the transition of patients with metabolic bone diseases (MBDs) from paediatric to adult care. The aim of this project was to analyse information on the experience of physicians in the transition of these patients in Spain, and to draw up consensus recommendations with the specialists involved in their treatment and follow-up.

Methods

The project was carried out by a group of experts in MBDs and included a systematic review of the literature for the identification of critical points in the transition process. This was used to develop a questionnaire with a total of 48 questions that would determine the degree of consensus on: (a) the rationale for a transition programme and the optimal time for the patient to start the transition process; (b) transition models and plans; (c) the information that should be specified in the transition plan; and (d) the documentation to be created and the training required. Recommendations and a practical algorithm were developed using the findings. The project was endorsed by eight scientific societies.

Results

A total of 86 physicians from 53 Spanish hospitals participated. Consensus was reached on 45 of the 48 statements. There was no agreement that the age of 12 years was an appropriate and feasible point at which to initiate the transition in patients with MBD, nor that a gradual transition model could reasonably be implemented in their own hospital. According to the participants, the main barriers for successful transition in Spain today are lack of resources and lack of coordination between paediatric and adult units.

Conclusions

The TEAM Project gives an overview of the transition of paediatric MBD patients to adult care in Spain and provides practical recommendations for its implementation.
Effect of preoperative coronary CT for planning of percutaneous coronary intervention for complex chronic total occlusion (CTS-C-CTOPCI): study protocol for an open-label randomised controlled trial
Authors: La Scala Eugenio , Peyre Jean-Pascal , Maupas Eric ,   ReSurg, Muller Jacobus H. , Saffarini Mo ,   CT-CTO PCI Study Group, Galassi Alfredo , Vadalà Giuseppe , Grancini Luca , Andreini Daniele , Boge Antoine , Brunet Jerome
Published: August 2023

Background

Treatment of chronic total occlusion (CTO) by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with the difficulty of guidewire manipulation through the occluded segment, particularly when there is hard tissue due to calcification. The purpose of this randomised controlled trial is to determine whether improved planning of CTO-PCI using coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) (versus conventional angiography) increases success rates of wire crossing in ≤ 60 min in difficult cases.

Methods

This is a randomised controlled open-label multi-centre trial in a superiority framework with 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants (n = 130) will be randomised into two groups: the study group who will receive standard of care with the addition of preoperative coronary computed tomographic angiography (CT group), and the control group that will receive standard of care (angiography group). The primary endpoint will be the rate of successful wire crossing in ≤ 60 min in complex CTO (J-CTO ≥ 2). Wire crossing will be considered successful if TIMI flow 3 is restored and residual stenosis is < 30%. The safety endpoint will be mortality due to the intervention or major adverse cardiac events (MACE). Secondary endpoints are success rates at any time; total time of PCI; time of wire crossing; rate of PCI complications; radiation levels during PCI; volume of iodine contrast medium administered; and cost of the PCI.

Discussion

This randomised trial will provide insight into whether pre-procedural CCTA as opposed to conventional angiography for planning of CTO-PCI yield higher success rates of wire crossing in ≤ 60 min. Potential benefits of CCTA include shorter successful procedure times of CTO-PCI leading to less irradiation and contrast medium with lower complication rates.

Trial registration

Clinical Trials.gov NCT04549896. Registered on December 21, 2021.
A systematic review and net meta-analysis of the effects of different warm-up methods on the acute effects of lower limb explosive strength
Authors: Li F. Y. , Guo C. G. , Li H. S. , Xu H. R. , Sun P.
Published: August 2023

Objective

To evaluate the effects of different warm-up methods on the acute effect of lower limb explosive strength with the help of a reticulated meta-analysis system and to track the optimal method.

Methods

R software combined with Stata software, version 13.0, was used to analyse the outcome metrics of the 35 included papers. Mean differences (MD) were pooled using a random effects model.

Results

1) Static combined with dynamic stretching [MD = 1.80, 95% CI: (0.43, 3.20)] and dynamic stretching [MD = 1.60, 95% CI: (0.67, 2.60)] were significantly better than controls in terms of improving countermovement jump height (cm), and the effect of dynamic stretching was influenced by the duration of stretching (I2 = 80.4%), study population (I2 = 77.2%) and age (I2 = 75.6%) as moderating variables, with the most significant effect size for dynamic stretching time of 7–10min. 2) Only dynamic stretching [MD = -0.08, 95% CI: (-0.15, -0.008)] was significantly better than the control group in terms of improving sprint time (s), while static stretching [MD = 0.07, 95% CI: (0.002, 0.13)] showed a significant, negative effect. 3) No results were available to demonstrate a significant difference between other methods, such as foam axis rolling, and the control group.

Conclusion

The results of this review indicate that static stretching reduced explosive performance, while the 2 warm-up methods, namely dynamic stretching and static combined with dynamic stretching, were able to significantly improve explosive performance, with dynamic stretching being the most stable and moderated by multiple variables and dynamic stretching for 7–10min producing the best explosive performance. In the future, high-quality studies should be added based on strict adherence to test specifications.
Abnormal DNA methylation analysis of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibody encephalitis reveals novel methylation-driven genes related to prognostic and clinical features
Authors: Qiao Shan , Sun Quanye , Li Haiyun , Yin Jie , Wang Aihua , Zhang Shanchao
Published: August 2023

Background

Aberrant DNA methylation occurs commonly during pathogenesis of neuroimmunological diseases and is of clinical value in various encephalitis subtypes. However, knowledge of the impact of DNA methylation changes on pathogenesis of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) antibody encephalitis remains limited.

Methods

A total of 44 cytokines and 10 immune checkpoint moleculars (ICMs) in the serum of patients with LGI1 encephalitis and healthy donors (HDs) were measured to evaluate the association of them with clinical parameters. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles were performed in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from LGI1 encephalitis patients and HDs using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) and validated for the methylation status by pyrosequencing. MicroRNA profiles were acquired in serum exosome by small RNA sequencing. Targeted cytokines expression was assessed at the presence or absence of miR-2467-5p in PBMCs and the culture media, and the binding of miR-2467-5p and its targeted genes was validated by luciferase assay.

Results

There existed significant difference in 22 cytokines/chemokines and 6 ICMs between LGI1 encephalitis patients and HDs. Decreased PDCD1 with increased ICAM1 could predict unfavorable prognosis in one-year follow-up for LGI1 encephalitis patients. Fifteen of cytokines/chemokines and ICMs presented DNA-methylated changes in the promoter and gene body using RRBS in which five were verified as methylation status by pyrosequencing, and the methylation level of CSF3, CCL2, and ICAM1 was conversely associated with their expression in PBMCs. By combining RRBS data with exosome-derived microRNA sequencing, we found that hypomethylated-driven hsa-miR-2467-5p presented elevated expression in serum exosomes and PBMCs in LGI1 encephalitis. Mechanically, miR-2467-5p significantly induced reduced expression of CSF3 and PDCD1 by binding with their 3`UTR while enhanced CCL15 expression, but not significantly correlated with peripheral blood CD19 + B cell proportion of LGI1 encephalitis patients.

Conclusions

Our results provided convincing evidence for DNA methylation changes, microRNA profiles in serum exosome for LGI1 encephalitis, and we also identified several novel cytokines related to clinical features in which some represented epigenetic modification of methylated-driven pattern and microRNA modulation. Our study contributed to develop treatment for epigenetic pathogenesis in LGI1 encephalitis.
Wolman disease presenting with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome and a novel LIPA gene variant: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Asna Ashari Kosar , Azari-Yam Aileen , Shahrooei Mohammad , Ziaee Vahid
Published: August 2023

Background

Wolman disease is a rare disease caused by the absence of functional liposomal acid lipase due to mutations in LIPA gene. It presents with organomegaly, malabsorption, and adrenal calcifications. The presentations can resemble hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, the life threatening hyperinflammatory disorder. Since the disease is very rare, clinicians might not think of it when a patient presents with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and the opportunity to treat it properly can be lost, thus leading to demise of the child.

Case presentation

We present a 4.5-month-old Caucasian boy with fever, icterus, and hepatosplenomegaly who was treated according to presumed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis disease. Wolman disease was diagnosed after the death of the child. There are some case reports in the literature presenting patients with Wolman disease primarily diagnosed as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, which we discuss in this review. The genetic analysis revealed after his demise was compatible with Wolman disease, introducing a novel mutation in LIPA gene: exon 4: NM_001127605: c. G353A (p.G118D), which converts the glycine amino acid to aspartic acid.

Conclusions

Considering the similarities in presentation of Wolman disease and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, the patient’s life can be saved if special attention is paid to presenting features of a patient with suspected hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, that is special attention to symptoms, findings on physical exams, laboratory values, and radiologic findings, and the proper treatment is urgently initiated. Reporting the novel mutations of Wolman disease can help geneticists interpret the results of their patients’ genetic studies appropriately, leading to correct diagnosis and treatment.
A novel biocontrol agent Bacillus velezensis K01 for management of gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Xue Yinting , Zhang Yunge , Huang Kun , Wang Xiuyan , Xing Mingzhen , Xu Qiaolin , Guo Yanbin
Published: August 2023

Gray mold is a destructive plant disease caused by a fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea. The use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has proven to be a promising method to control this disease. Bacillus velezensis K01 was isolated from the rhizosphere of planting tomatoes. Strain K01 has a range of roles, including the ability to solubilize phytate phosphorus, stimulate resistant response, and produce indoleacetic acid (IAA), protease, cellulase, and antimicrobial substances. Strain K01 was found to inhibit 12 phytopathogenic fungi and 5 phytopathogenic bacteria. Specially, strain K01 demonstrated a biocontrol efficiency of over 78% against gray mold caused by B. cinerea on the leaves and fruits of tomato and pepper. Additionally, K01 was found to promote the growth of maize seedlings. Further genomic analysis revealed that K01 belongs to B. velezensis, which is consistent with phylogenetic analysis, average nucleotide polymorphism (ANI), and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH). The genome of strain K01 had a size of 3,927,799 bp and deduced 3866 predicted genes, with an average guanine-cytosine (GC) content of 46.5%. Based on the analyses of genomic secondary metabolites, over 18.4% of the genome was annotated to 12 gene clusters related to antimicrobial metabolite synthesis. Additionally, genome annotation and comparative genomics identified several genes associated with plant growth promotion and environmental adaption. These findings suggest that B. velezensis K01 has the potential to serve as a new biocontrol agent for management of gray mold on tomato and pepper.
Long-term survival after intensive care for COVID-19: a nationwide cohort study of more than 8000 patients
Authors: Hägglöf Elsa , Bell Max , Zettersten Erik , Engerström Lars , Larsson Emma
Published: August 2023

Background

Was it worth it—what is the outcome after the extended ICU (intensive care unit) length of stay for COVID-19 patients? Surprisingly, data on long-term mortality in large cohorts are lacking. We investigate long-term mortality including differences between men and women, as previous studies show that men generally suffer a more severe course of COVID-19 in terms of severity of illness and short-term mortality.

Methods

Nationwide cohort including all adult COVID-19 patients admitted to Swedish ICUs until August 12, 2022. Primary outcome was 360-day mortality after ICU admission. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between demographics, comorbidities, clinical characteristics and mortality.

Results

In total, 8392 patients were included. Median (IQR) age was 63 (52–72) years and the majority (70.1%) were men. Among the 7390 patients with complete 360-day mortality data, 1775 (24.4%) patients died within 30 days, 2125 (28.8%) within 90 days and 2206 (29.8%) within 360 days from ICU admission. 360-day mortality was 27.1% in women and 31.0% in men. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed increased risk of 360-day mortality in men compared to women (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.17–1.52). Other variables associated with poor 360-day mortality were age, cardiac disease, COPD/asthma, diabetes, immune deficiency, chronic kidney disease, neuromuscular disease, and malignancy.

Conclusion

This study confirms the increased severity of disease in critically ill men with COVID-19, even in a long-term perspective. However, mortality beyond 90 days was strikingly low, indicating high probability of survival after the acute phase of illness.
Proximal gastrectomy and double-tract reconstruction vs total gastrectomy in gastric and gastro-esophageal junction cancer patients — a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021291500)
Authors: Hipp Julian , Kuvendjiska Jasmina , Martini Verena , Hillebrecht Hans Christian , Fichtner-Feigl Stefan , Diener Markus K.
Published: August 2023

Background

In Germany and Western Europe, gastroesophageal junction cancer (AEG) and proximal gastric cancer are currently treated with (transhiatal-extended) total gastrectomy (TG) according to the latest treatment guidelines. TG leads to a severe and long-lasting impairment of postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the treated patients. Recent studies have suggested that HRQoL of these patients could be improved by proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (PG-DTR) without compromising oncologic safety. Our aim is therefore to conduct a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial comparing PG-DTR with TG in AEG II/III and gastric cancer patients with overall survival as primary endpoint and HRQoL as key secondary endpoint.

Methods

This protocol is written with reference to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P 2015) statement. We will conduct searches in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library. We will also check references of relevant studies and perform a cited reference research. Titles and abstracts of the records identified by the searches will be screened, and full texts of all potentially relevant articles will be obtained. We will consider randomized trials and non-randomized studies. The selection of studies, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias of the included studies will be conducted independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan 5.4 (Review Manager (RevMan) Version 5.4, The Cochrane Collaboration).

Discussion

This systematic review will identify the current study pool concerning the comparison of TG and PG-DTR and help to finally refine the research questions and to allow an evidence-based trial design of the planned multicenter randomized-controlled trial.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not required for this systematic review. Study findings will be shared by publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO CRD42021291500.
Patient and public involvement to inform priorities and practice for research using existing healthcare data for children’s and young people’s cancers
Authors: Hughes Nicola F. , Fern Lorna A. , Polanco Angela , Carrigan Chris , Feltbower Richard G. , Gamble Ashley , Connearn Emily , Lopez Angela , Bisci Ellen , Pritchard-Jones Kathy
Published: August 2023

Background

In the United Kingdom, healthcare data is collected on all patients receiving National Health Service (NHS) care, including children and young people (CYP) with cancer. This data is used to inform service delivery, and with special permissions used for research. The use of routinely collected health data in research is an advancing field with huge potential benefit, particularly in CYP with cancer where case numbers are small and the impact across the life course can be significant.

Patient and public involvement (PPI) exercise aims:

Identify current barriers to trust relating to the use of healthcare data for research.

Determine ways to increase public and patient confidence in the use of healthcare data in research.

Define areas of research importance to CYP and their carers using healthcare data.

Methods

Young people currently aged between 16 and 25 years who had a cancer diagnosis before the age of 20 years and carers of a young person with cancer were invited to take part via social media and existing networks of service users. Data was collected during two interactive online workshops totalling 5 h and comprising of presentations from health data experts, case-studies and group discussions. With participant consent the workshops were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

Ten young people and six carers attended workshop one. Four young people and four carers returned for workshop two. Lack of awareness of how data is used, and negative media reporting were seen as the main causes of mistrust. Better communication and education on how data is used were felt to be important to improving public confidence. Participants want the ability to have control over their own data use. Late effects, social and education outcomes and research on rare tumours were described as key research priorities for data use.

Conclusions

In order to improve public and patient trust in our use of data for research, we need to improve communication about how data is used and the benefits that arise.
Evaluating the impacts of patient engagement on a national health research network: results of a case study of the Chronic Pain Network
Authors: Tripp Laura , Richards Dawn P. , Daly-Cyr Jennifer , Lane Therese , Linkiewich Delane , Begley Kimberly N. , Buckley Norman , Hudspith Maria , Poulin Patricia , Abelson Julia
Published: August 2023

Background

The Chronic Pain Network (CPN) is a pan-Canadian research network focused on innovating and improving the quality and delivery of pain prevention, assessment, management and research for all Canadians. An important focus of the CPN is to work in collaboration with patient partners. Patient partners, researchers and clinicians work together in all aspects of the research network including on funded research projects and in the governance of the Network. Given this focus, the CPN identified the importance of evaluating their patient engagement work to understand its functioning and impact.

Methods

The objective of this exploratory evaluation case study was to understand the impacts of patient engagement on the CPN. The CPN worked with an external evaluation team which established an arms-length approach to the evaluation. Interviews were conducted with CPN members, including patient partners, leadership, funded researchers and committee co-chairs, at three discrete time points to trace the evolution of the patient engagement program within the Network. Key Network documents were also collected and reviewed. Data were analyzed following each set of interviews using content analysis guided by the principles of constant comparison and qualitative description. A final round of analysis was conducted using the Engage with Impact Toolkit, an impact measurement framework, to identify impacts of engagement.

Results

Impacts of patient engagement were identified at the individual, network, funded research project and research community levels. These impacts were observed in the following areas: (1) building community; (2) developing knowledge, skills and resources; (3) increasing confidence; (4) influencing priorities and decisions; (5) enabling additional opportunities; (6) promoting culture change; and, (7) coping with experiences of living with chronic pain.

Conclusions

While not without challenges, the patient engagement efforts of the CPN demonstrates the impact engaging patient partners can have on a national research network and related policy activities. Understanding the approaches to, and impacts of, patient engagement on health research networks can illuminate the value of having patient partners engaged in all aspects of a research network and should serve as encouragement to others who look to take on similar work.
Less is more: information needs, information wants, and what makes causal models useful
Authors: Kleinberg Samantha , Marsh Jessecae K.
Published: August 2023

Each day people make decisions about complex topics such as health and personal finances. Causal models of these domains have been created to aid decisions, but the resulting models are often complex and it is not known whether people can use them successfully. We investigate the trade-off between simplicity and complexity in decision making, testing diagrams tailored to target choices (Experiments 1 and 2), and with relevant causal paths highlighted (Experiment 3), finding that simplicity or directing attention to simple causal paths leads to better decisions. We test the boundaries of this effect (Experiment 4), finding that including a small amount of information beyond that related to the target answer has a detrimental effect. Finally, we examine whether people know what information they need (Experiment 5). We find that simple, targeted, information still leads to the best decisions, while participants who believe they do not need information or seek out the most complex information performed worse.
Participatory logic modeling in a multi-site initiative to advance implementation science
Authors: Easterling Douglas V. , Jacob Rebekah R. , Brownson Ross C. , Haire-Joshu Debra , Gundersen Daniel A. , Angier Heather , DeVoe Jennifer E. , Likumahuwa-Ackman Sonja , Vu Thuy , Glasgow Russell E. , Schnoll Robert
Published: August 2023

Background

Logic models map the short-term and long-term outcomes that are expected to occur with a program, and thus are an essential tool for evaluation. Funding agencies, especially in the United States (US), have encouraged the use of logic models among their grantees. They also use logic models to clarify expectations for their own funding initiatives. It is increasingly recognized that logic models should be developed through a participatory approach which allows input from those who carry out the program being evaluated. While there are many positive examples of participatory logic modeling, funders have generally not engaged grantees in developing the logic model associated with their own initiatives. This article describes an instance where a US funder of a multi-site initiative fully engaged the funded organizations in developing the initiative logic model. The focus of the case study is Implementation Science Centers in Cancer Control (ISC3), a multi-year initiative funded by the National Cancer Institute.

Methods

The reflective case study was collectively constructed by representatives of the seven centers funded under ISC3. Members of the Cross-Center Evaluation (CCE) Work Group jointly articulated the process through which the logic model was developed and refined. Individual Work Group members contributed descriptions of how their respective centers reviewed and used the logic model. Cross-cutting themes and lessons emerged through CCE Work Group meetings and the writing process.

Results

The initial logic model for ISC3 changed in significant ways as a result of the input of the funded groups. Authentic participation in the development of the logic model led to strong buy-in among the centers, as evidenced by their utilization. The centers shifted both their evaluation design and their programmatic strategy to better accommodate the expectations reflected in the initiative logic model.

Conclusions

The ISC3 case study demonstrates how participatory logic modeling can be mutually beneficial to funders, grantees and evaluators of multi-site initiatives. Funded groups have important insights about what is feasible and what will be required to achieve the initiative’s stated objectives. They can also help identify the contextual factors that either inhibit or facilitate success, which can then be incorporated into both the logic model and the evaluation design. In addition, when grantees co-develop the logic model, they have a better understanding and appreciation of the funder’s expectations and thus are better positioned to meet those expectations.
GMA: Gap Imputing Algorithm for time series missing values
Authors: Khattab Abd Alhamid Rabia , Elshennawy Nada Mohamed , Fahmy Mahmoud
Published: August 2023

Data collected from the environment in computer engineering may include missing values due to various factors, such as lost readings from sensors caused by communication errors or power outages. Missing data can result in inaccurate analysis or even false alarms. It is therefore essential to identify missing values and correct them as accurately as possible to ensure the integrity of the analysis and the effectiveness of any decision-making based on the data. This paper presents a new approach, the Gap Imputing Algorithm (GMA), for imputing missing values in time series data. The Gap Imputing Algorithm (GMA) identifies sequences of missing values and determines the periodic time of the time series. Then, it searches for the most similar subsequence from historical data. Unlike previous work, GMA supports any type of time series and is resilient to consecutively missing values with different gaps distances. The experimental findings, which were based on both real-world and benchmark datasets, demonstrate that the GMA framework proposed in this study outperforms other methods in terms of accuracy. Specifically, our proposed method achieves an accuracy score that is 5 to 20% higher than that of other methods. Furthermore, the GMA framework is well suited to handling missing gaps with larger distances, and it produces more accurate imputations, particularly for datasets with strong periodic patterns.
Uncovering the link between celiac disease and hypopituitarism: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Khan Hameed Haidar , Ullah Imran , Rufaq Javeria , Wadood Qaiser , Majeed Imad , Khan Salman
Published: August 2023

Background

Celiac disease, an autoimmune condition triggered by gluten-containing diet, is known to primarily manifest as intestinal symptoms, but can also lead to extraintestinal complications, including endocrine abnormalities and autoimmune disorders. This case report outlines a patient with celiac disease who developed hypopituitarism and explores the possible pathophysiological links between these two conditions.

Case presentation

We report a case of a 19-year-old female who presented with lethargy, weakness, delayed menarche, and failure to thrive. Subsequent investigations revealed microcytic anemia with decreased serum ferritin and vitamin D levels. Following the identification of abnormal bone age on X-ray, a hormonal profile was requested which revealed panhypopituitarism. After undergoing a diagnostic workup for her gastrointestinal symptoms, she was eventually diagnosed with celiac disease, and her symptoms improved significantly following gluten restriction.

Conclusion

Panhypopituitarism has a possible association with celiac disease, and this case highlights the importance of close monitoring and appropriate management to prevent long-term health consequences. Additional research is necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of the link between celiac disease and endocrine disorders.
A simple and accurate model for attenuation and dispersion caused by squirt flow in isotropic porous rocks
Authors: Alkhimenkov Yury , Quintal Beatriz
Published: August 2023

Seismic waves propagating in fluid-saturated porous rocks exhibit attenuation and velocity dispersion in a broad range of frequencies. At sonic and ultrasonic frequencies, the attenuation is predominantly caused by fluid flow in cracks and grain contacts, so-called squirt flow. This physical mechanism for attenuation also may be relevant at seismic frequencies. We develop a simple and accurate analytical model for attenuation and dispersion caused by squirt flow in isotropic porous rocks. The input material properties for a specific rock model can be directly measured in a laboratory or calculated using analytical and numerical approaches. The results from our squirt flow model are compared with inherently accurate 3D numerical solutions for the same pore geometries. The analytical and numerical results are in good agreement. Furthermore, we observe that our analytical model is more accurate than the currently available analytical solution for squirt flow in isotropic porous rocks. MATLAB routines to reproduce the presented results are made available.
Distribution of CO2-CH4 in a nanoslit medium and the efficiency of displacement of CH4 by CO2
Authors: Xu Jingling , Chen Gaoyang , Guo Songwei
Published: August 2023

The replacement of CH4 with CO2 in reservoirs is crucial for natural gas exploitation and sequestration of CO2. Therefore, the states and distribution patterns of coexisting CO2 and CH4 and the dynamic patterns of CH4 displacement by CO2 in mineral slits must be understood. Here, we simulate the molecular dynamics and displacement efficiency of CH4 in gypsum, quartz, and illite mineral slit models. The results demonstrate that gas density is not uniform throughout the slits and prove that gypsum and quartz have a greater adsorption capacity for CO2 than for CH4 and illite has a greater adsorption capacity for CH4. We find that (1) the application of the same force to different mineral slits leads to dissimilar CH4 displacement efficiencies, whereas an increase in the applied force in the same mineral slit is positively correlated with the CH4 displacement efficiency; (2) the main factor affecting CH4 displacement efficiency is CO2 adsorption; (3) the greater the adsorption capacity of mineral slits for CO2 (such as for gypsum), the more difficult it is to displace the CH4 in the slit despite large applied force; and (4) CH4 displacement efficiencies of illite, quartz, and gypsum decrease under the same conditions. These results provide a reference for theoretical research and industrial applications related to geologic carbon sequestration.
Training matters: neurodevelopmental disorders in psychiatric practice
Authors: Barrett Mary , Sharma Aastha , Gnanavel Sundar , van Hoorn Alje
Published: August 2023

Traditionally, service provision for neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disability and autism – where this has been available – has focused on the needs of children, but there is now increased understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders as lifelong conditions, often with an ongoing need for health and social care provision. Medical and allied professionals frequently report limited education in neurodevelopmental disorders both during their training and post-qualification. This article gives an overview of theoretical and practical considerations for training of psychiatrists and allied healthcare professionals in relation to neurodevelopmental disorders. Key UK policy drivers and capability frameworks pertaining to this training are discussed. The Royal College of Psychiatrists’ 2022 revised curricula for medical trainees in psychiatry are examined in relation to neurodevelopmental disorders and ongoing CPD requirements in this area for career psychiatrists are considered. A brief overview of multidisciplinary training in neurodevelopmental disorders and the role of the psychiatrist in this is discussed. An international perspective on training in this area is touched on and current challenges in low- and middle-income countries are outlined. Last, the future direction of training in neurodevelopmental disorders is considered.
New guidance for self-harm: an opportunity not to be missed
Authors: Mughal Faraz , Burton Fiona M. , Fletcher Harriet , Lascelles Karen , O'Connor Rory C. , Rae Sarah , Thomson Alex B. , Kapur Nav
Published: August 2023

In this editorial we, as members of the 2022 NICE Guideline Committee, highlight and discuss what, in our view, are the key guideline recommendations (generated through evidence synthesis and consensus) for mental health professionals when caring for people after self-harm, and we consider some of the implementation challenges.
A Psychosis Superspectrum in Borderline Personality Disorder?
Authors: Henriques-Calado J. , Paulino M. , Gama Marques J.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The innermost relationship of the borderline concept and psychosis has been historically intertwined and can be traced back to the 20th century, but remarkably, to date, they have not been the focus of many empirical studies. Likewise, the contributions of empirical research on the DSM-5 dimensional approach to this topic are also uncommon.

Objectives

In this study the framework of psychosis superspectrum were put closely in relation to both DSM-5 psychoticism/detachment domains, personality traits and psychopathological symptoms features in borderline personality disorder (PD).

Methods

A cross-sectional study of a borderline PD sample of 58 participants (Mage=39.76 years, SD=11.37; Mschooling=9 years), mainly male (58.5%). Self-reported assessment: PID-5; BSI; NEO-FFI. A multiple linear regression was computed.

Results

In borderline PD, the PID-5 disinhibition (β=.51), BSI psychoticism (β=.43), BSI depression (β=-.24) and NEO neuroticism (β=.29) predicted psychosis superspectrum, explaining 94% of the variance. Also, stands out as a complement that, the BSI psychoticism was predicted by PID-5 detachment and PID-5 psychoticism, explaining 82% of the variance.

Conclusions

Evidence appears to be emerging for the underlying psychosis superspectrum trough borderline PD. There is a closer dialogue between the state-of-art view of a dimensional pathological personality-symptoms and the borderline pathology.

Disclosure of Interest

None Declared
Zbtb16 mediates a switch between Fgf signalling regimes in the developing hindbrain
Authors: Leino Sami A. , Constable Sean C. J. , Streit Andrea , Wilkinson David G.
Published: August 2023

Developing tissues are sequentially patterned by extracellular signals that are turned on and off at specific times. In the zebrafish hindbrain, fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signalling has different roles at different developmental stages: in the early hindbrain, transient Fgf3 and Fgf8 signalling from rhombomere 4 is required for correct segmentation, whereas later, neuronal Fgf20 expression confines neurogenesis to specific spatial domains within each rhombomere. How the switch between these two signalling regimes is coordinated is not known. We present evidence that the Zbtb16 transcription factor is required for this transition to happen in an orderly fashion. Zbtb16 expression is high in the early anterior hindbrain, then gradually upregulated posteriorly and confined to neural progenitors. In mutants lacking functional Zbtb16, fgf3 expression fails to be downregulated and persists until a late stage, resulting in excess and more widespread Fgf signalling during neurogenesis. Accordingly, the spatial pattern of neurogenesis is disrupted in Zbtb16 mutants. Our results reveal how the distinct stage-specific roles of Fgf signalling are coordinated in the zebrafish hindbrain.
The RNF220 domain nuclear factor Teyrha-Meyrha (Tey) regulates the migration and differentiation of specific visceral and somatic muscles in Drosophila
Authors: Frasch Manfred , Ismat Afshan , Reim Ingolf , Raufer Jasmin
Published: August 2023

Development of the visceral musculature of the Drosophila midgut encompasses a closely coordinated sequence of migration events of cells from the trunk and caudal visceral mesoderm that underlies the formation of the stereotypic orthogonal pattern of circular and longitudinal midgut muscles. Our study focuses on the last step of migration and morphogenesis of longitudinal visceral muscle precursors and shows that these multinucleated precursors utilize dynamic filopodial extensions to migrate in dorsal and ventral directions over the forming midgut tube. The establishment of maximal dorsoventral distances from one another, and anteroposterior alignments, lead to the equidistant coverage of the midgut with longitudinal muscle fibers. We identify Teyrha-Meyhra (Tey), a tissue-specific nuclear factor related to the RNF220 domain protein family, as a crucial regulator of this process of muscle migration and morphogenesis that is further required for proper differentiation of longitudinal visceral muscles. In addition, Tey is expressed in a single somatic muscle founder cell in each hemisegment, regulates the migration of this founder cell, and is required for proper pathfinding of its developing myotube to specific myotendinous attachment sites.
Choice-Screen Auctions
Authors: Ostrovsky Michael
Published: August 2023

Choice screen auctions have been recently deployed in 31 European countries, allowing consumers to choose their preferred search engine on Google’s Android platform instead of being automatically defaulted to Google’s own search engine. I show that a seemingly minor detail in the design of these auctions—whether they are conducted on a “per appearance” or a “per install” basis—plays a major role in the mix and characteristics of auction winners and, consequently, in their expected market share. Furthermore, per install auctions distort search engines’ incentives. Empirical evidence from Android choice screen auctions conducted in 2020 is consistent with my theoretical results. (JEL D44, D47, K21, L40, L86)
Quantitative analysis of zirconia and titanium implant artefacts in three-dimensional virtual models of multi-slice CT and cone beam CT: does scan protocol matter?
Authors: Matta Ragai Edward , Knapp Giacaman Stephanie , Wiesmueller Marco , Lutz Rainer , Uder Michael , Wichmann Manfred , Seidel Anna
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

Artefacts from dental implants in three-dimensional (3D) imaging may lead to incorrect representation of anatomical dimensions and impede virtual planning in navigated implantology. The aim of this study was quantitative assessment of artefacts in 3D STL models from cone beam CT (CBCT) and multislice CT (MSCT) using different scanning protocols and titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zr) and zirconium (ZrO2) implant materials.

Methods:

Three ZrO2 and three Ti-Zr implants were respectively placed in the mandibles of two fresh human specimens. Before (baseline) and after implant placement, 3D digital imaging scans were performed (10 repetitions per timepoint: voxel size 0.2 mm³ and 0.3 mm³ for CBCT; 80 and 140 kV in MSCT). DICOM data were converted into 3D STL models and evaluated in computer-aided design software. After precise merging of the baseline and post-op models, the surface deviation was calculated, representing the extent of artefacts in the 3D models.

Results:

Compared with baseline, ZrO2 emitted 36.5–37.3% (±0.6–0.8) artefacts in the CBCT and 39.2–50.2% (±0.5–1.2) in the MSCT models. Ti-Zr implants produced 4.1–7.1% (±0.3–3.0) artefacts in CBCT and 5.4–15.7% (±0.5–1.3) in MSCT. Significantly more artefacts were found in the MSCT vs CBCT models for both implant materials (p < 0.05). Significantly fewer artefacts were visible in the 3D models from scans with higher kilovolts in MSCT and smaller voxel size in CBCT.

Conclusions:

Among the four applied protocols, the lowest artefact proportion of ZrO2 and Ti-Zr implants in STL models was observed with CBCT and the 0.3 mm³ voxel size.
Malacofauna of Bolków castle (Lower Silesia, SW Poland) – trends and perspectives
Authors: Maculewicz Ada , Kuźnik-Kowalska Elżbieta , Maltz Tomasz K. , Proćków Małgorzata
Published: August 2023

Bolków castle is located in the Lower Silesian voivodeship near the Kaczawskie Mountains. Malacological studies were carried out in 2006, 2010 and 2021. In 2006, specimens were collected only by hand, but in 2010 and 2021 samples were also made by litter sieving and from material taken from rock shelves and walls. Overall, 35 species were found, but the numbers declined over time: 28 species in 2006, 26 in 2010 and 20 in 2021. Two species recorded before our studies were not found again. Abundance declined greatly between 2010 and 2021. Over this period, open-country species declined the most, and shade-loving species increased as a proportion of the whole. In particular, the open-country Pupilla muscorum, eudominant in 2010, was absent in 2021, while the tolerant Alinda biplicata increased greatly over the same period. While more widespread environmental or climatic change may be involved, the castle has been subject to increased human pressure and a renovation programme in 2015. Castle faunas, here and elsewhere, are not only refugia for locally or nationally uncommon species, but provide a basis for regular monitoring of faunal change. Other castles in the region, most especially those at Stary Książ and Książ have similar faunas, and can be used in the same way.
Murat Reis complex
Authors: Chrysidi Anna , Elena Konstantinidou , Androniki Miltiadou - Fezans , Eleftheria Tsakanika
Published: August 2023

At the northern end of the new city of Rhodes, just outside the medie- val city an 8-acre "dead zone" includes the cemetery and the "Murat Reis" com- plex. The paper is based on a diploma thesis prepared in the framework of the interdepartmental postgraduate program "Protection of Monuments", of NTUA. The subject of the diploma thesis was the historical and architectural documen- tation, the constructional analysis, the recording of the pathology and the quali- tative interpretation of damages, the elaboration of a proposal for the restoration of the mosque, as well as of a proposal for the integration of the surrounding area of the cemetery into the modern urban landscape and the life of the city. The main findings of a detailed historical and architectural research are first presented, re- garding the historical development of the city and the zoning rearrangements that took place during the Ottoman period in Rhodes. The work focuses on the long- term development of the area where the Murat Reis complex is located, as well as on the documentation and evaluation of its current characteristics. In the next stage, the historical documentation of the mosque is carried out, as well as its architectural and structural survey, including detailed photographic documenta- tion, in order to record and study its main morphological and structural elements. Moreover, an analytical and systematic understanding of the construction details of the various structural and architectural elements of the building, their pathol- ogy, as well as the qualitative diagnosis of the main causes of damage were at- tempted. On this basis, an intervention proposal was drawn up, aiming at the ar- chitectural and structural restoration of the mosque. The restoration proposal was driven by highlighting the history, function and value of the Murat Reis complex as a single entity and transforming the abandoned area into a cultural park of hyperlocal significance.
The genome sequence of the Beautiful Golden Y, Autographa pulchrina (Haworth, 1809)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Eljounaidi Kaouthar ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Autographa pulchrina (the Beautiful Golden Y; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence is 426.2 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.25 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 12,916 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of the Notch-wing Button, Acleris emargana (Fabricius, 1775)
Authors: Boyes Douglas , Hammond James ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: August 2023

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Acleris emargana (the Notch-wing Button; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Tortricidae). The genome sequence is 691.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 30 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.34 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 21,886 protein coding genes.