bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propuesta para ajustar el Registro para la Localización y Caracterización de Personas con Discapacidad (RLCPD)
Authors: Camargo-Mendoza Maryluz , Dueñas-Zamudio Brigith
Published: October 2017

Introducción. El Registro para la Localización y Caracterización de Personas con Discapacidad (RLCPD) es en la actualidad la única fuente de información oficial y válida sobre las personas con discapacidad en Colombia. Desde su creación en 2002, el registro no se ha sometido a revisión exhaustiva ni ajuste, lo cual es necesario a la luz de la conceptualización y normatividad recientes.Objetivo. Presentar el proceso de revisión del RLCPD y la propuesta de ajuste resultante.Materiales y métodos. El proceso se desarrolló en cuatro etapas (revisión documental, recolección de datos, análisis de la información y propuesta para ajustar el registro) en las que participaron asesores expertos, investigadores, académicos profesionales y personas con discapacidad.Resultados. Se propone una herramienta denominada Registro de Discapacidad, que identifica, localiza y caracteriza la condición de las personas con discapacidad mediante 101 preguntas organizadas en siete capítulos, según los lineamientos de la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, de la Discapacidad y de la Salud (CIF).Conclusión. El Registro de Discapacidad es el resultado de la revisión exhaustiva del actual RLCPD y contempla la normatividad y conceptualización vigente.
Validación del instrumento para determinar la prevalencia de lesiones osteomusculares en patinadores de carreras en Villavicencio
Authors: González-Vargas Sandra , Cortés-Reyes Edgar , Marino-Isaza Felipe
Published: October 2017

Introducción. Se desconocen las condiciones físicas de los patinadores y su relación con las lesiones osteomusculares en una ciudad con alta práctica deportiva como lo es Villavicencio.Objetivo. Validar un instrumento para determinar la prevalencia de lesiones osteomusculares en patinadores de carreras en Villavicencio.Materiales y métodos. El instrumento incluye cinco dominios analizados por expertos en las dimensiones cualitativa y cuantitativa, aplicando el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para análisis de confiabilidad. La validez fue analizada con las propiedades psicométricas de las preguntas, es decir, correlación pregunta-prueba, discriminación de preguntas, nivel de dificultad e índices de no-respuesta.Resultados. A nivel cualitativo, hubo gran concordancia entre las evaluaciones de expertos con el uso de la W de Kendalle (variables ordinales) al 95% de confianza y alta concordancia inter e intraevaluador en la confiabilidad del cuestionario. Por coherencia entre los ítems, a nivel cuantitativo se observó un valor p>0.05. La consistencia interna fue >0.6 con correlación biserial buena en 50% de las preguntas. 96.9% aprobaron criterios de dificultad, 87.5% tuvieron discriminación entre alta y muy alta y 93.8% presentaron índices de no respuesta adecuada o aceptable.Conclusiones. La reproductibilidad del instrumento fue alta. Respecto a la validez, la prueba final manifestó propiedades psicométricas óptimas para su uso en el análisis de resultados.
Entrevista: guía práctica para la recolección de datos cualitativos en investigación de salud
Authors: Troncoso-Pantoja Claudia , Amaya-Placencia Antonio
Published: October 2017

El paradigma cualitativo de investigación se presenta en la salud como una orientación que profundiza en la subjetividad de los individuos, con quienes interactúa para obtener mayor conocimiento de estos y de los fenómenos y conductas que los atañen.La entrevista se enmarca dentro del quehacer cualitativo como una herramienta eficaz para desentrañar significaciones, las cuales fueron elaboradas por los sujetos mediante sus discursos, relatos y experiencias. De esta manera se aborda al sujeto en su individualidad e intimidad. Por esto, el texto tiene como objetivo establecer una guía práctica y necesaria para la consecución correcta de entrevistas en el área de la investigación cualitativa en salud. Así, también presentan los pasos y técnicas necesarias para lograrlo.
Cambios en la mecánica ventilatoria debidos a variaciones de la PEEP y la presión soporte: estudio en sujetos sanos bajo ventilación mecánica no invasiva
Authors: Muñoz Isabel Cristina , Hernández Alher Mauricio
Published: October 2017

Introducción. Por lo general, la mecánica ventilatoria se ha estimado en modo controlado con el uso de aproximaciones no adecuadas para ventilación espontánea.Objetivo. Medir los cambios de la mecánica ventilatoria ante variaciones de la presión positiva al final de la expiración (PEEP, por su sigla en inglés) y la presión soporte (PS) en ventilación mecánica no invasiva.Materiales y métodos. A través de una estrategia no invasiva, se estimó la mecánica ventilatoria bajo diferentes niveles de PEEP y PS. Para tal fin, se utilizó un simulador mecánico y se registró una base de datos de 14 sujetos sanos conectados de manera no invasiva a un ventilador mecánico.Resultados. Se obtuvieron valores medianos de resistencia y compliancia de 91.2[77.8-135.9]mL/cmH2O y 8.3[6.1-10.4]cmH2O/L/s para los 14 sujetos sanos con PEEP y PS de 0 cmH2O, respectivamente. En los incrementos de PEEP, los sujetos presentaron aumento estadísticamente significativo en la compliancia. Por el contrario, en el incremento de presión soporte, no se observaron cambios de ningún parámetro.Conclusiones. Se encontraron valores de compliancia y resistencia, acordes con los configurados en el simulador mecánico y coherentes con los reportados en la literatura en el caso de sujetos sanos. Esto resulta de gran utilidad al tomar decisiones en unidades de cuidados intensivos.
Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA
Authors: Carvalho Suzana Papile Maciel , Brito Liz Magalhães , Paiva Luiz Airton Saavedra de , Bicudo Lucilene Arilho Ribeiro , Juntz Richard Richard , Oliveira Rogério Nogueira de
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the sex in human craniums using methodologies of Physical Anthropology, quantitative (Forensic Data Anthropology Bank, FDB, 1986) and one qualitative (Walker, 2008) and genetic analysis by amelogenin.METHODS: The sample was composed of 66 skulls (34 males and 32 females) from the Center for Study and Research in Forensic Science, Guarulhos, SP. The methodologies were applied by two researchers who were unaware of the cranium’s sexes. For the statistical analysis, there were performed descriptive analysis, average, standard deviation, linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression.RESULTS: The qualitative methodology presented an accuracy of 89.52%. For the DNA, it was possible to determine the sex in 86.15% of the sample. Analyzing the results for each skull in three different methodologies, we reached 100% correct.CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, it is recommended that physical anthropology be the chosen method if it presents good accuracy when applied to different populations or if it is validated for the analyzed population. Otherwise, genetic analysis should be used for the determination of the sex.
Interactions between different biological forms of aquatic macrophytes in a eutrophic tropical reservoir in Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Lycarião Thainá Alves , Dantas Ênio Wocyli
Published: October 2017

The aquatic plants and biological processes have different interactions and their knowledge may contribute to the understanding of environmental dynamics in wetlands. The aim of this study was to report the type of interactions that different biological forms of macrophytes stand in the eutrophic tropical reservoir of Penha reservoir, Northeastern Brazil. Data collection was captured every two months from October 2009 to October 2010, considering the hydrological cycle in one-year period. For this, twelve perpendicular transects (separated by 10 m) at the reservoir’s water edge were defined; each transect had two plots of 625 cm² (25 x 25 cm, separated by one meter) from which samples were obtained. Plants were collected and transported in identified plastic bags for subsequent quantification of the dry weight biomass; additionally, pressed samples were made in the field for identification purposes. The relative interaction index (RII) was used to identify the existence of positive and/or negative interactions between the biomass of the biological forms of aquatic plants. Student’s t-tests were used to analyze variations in the abiotic data and biomass over time, and to determine differences between the dry and rainy seasons. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to determine correlations between the biological forms and the biomass of the macrophytes, as well as environmental variables and RII. In the dry season, the environment was mainly composed of floating macrophytes (1 013.98 g/m²), with mats of submerged macrophytes (98.18 g/m²) that demonstrated a range of positive (RII= 1.0) to negative (RII= -0.2) interactions. The biomass of emergent macrophytes increased throughout the dry season (4.87 to 106.91 g/m²) due to the nurse plant effect that served as a substratum (RII= 1.0). During the rainy season the biomass of submerged macrophytes was reduced by 97 % due to direct and indirect relationships (RII= -1.0) to other macrophytes. Rainfall and emergent plants contributed to a reduction in the biomass of floating macrophytes (19.16 g/m²). The emergence of a third group of plants (emergent) lead floating plants to occupy other areas and excluded submerged plants. Overall, the interactions among plants within ecosystems were not definite due to stand composition and seasonality.
Micorriza arbuscular, Mucoromycotina y hongos septados oscuros en helechos y licófitas con distribución en México: una revisión global
Authors: Lara-Pérez Luis Alberto , Zulueta-Rodríguez Ramón , Andrade-Torres Antonio
Published: October 2017

Ferns and lycophytes are a group of vascular plants of interest to understand the evolution of mycorrhizal interactions; their preservation is of relevance for their multiple ecological relations. The record of different taxonomic groups of fungi associated with ferns and lycophytes is fragmentary, and the criteria for it identification is inconsistent, which hinders the understanding and determination of mycorrhizal status. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of the species of ferns and lycophytes with distribution in Mexico, and with information of fungal interactions. A checklist of the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Mucoromycotina and dark septate fungi (DSF) associated with ferns and lycophytes was integrated through an exhaustive global literature search. In this study, mycorrhizal species was considered by the presence of arbuscules to differentiate with hyphal, vesicular and coils colonization. The study gathered a checklist of mycorrhizal occurrences of 27 families, 61 genus and 137 species of ferns and lycophytes, which covers 13.4 % of the species, 91 % of the genus and 77 % of the families distributed in Mexico. The 78.1 % of the species showed colonization, 56.2 % by AMF, 29.9 % by DSF and 0.72 % by Mucoromycotina fungi. From the total of the species, the higher presences of colonization were in terrestrial, epiphytic, saxicolous, and aquatic plants with 76.6 %, 33.3 %, 20 %, and 6.3 %, respectively. The families of ferns and lycophytes with the higher number of species colonized were Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Aspleniaceae and Dryopteridaceae. The present study showed the widespread associations of AMF and DSF in ferns and lycophytes of Mexico. It is urgently needed to include ferns and lycophytes in studies focused on endomycorhizal interactions, since only 28 species (28 %) were studied in Mexican ecosystems. The majority of studies were focused on sporophytic face (80 %). Nonetheless, to understand the role that plays the mycorrhiza in the establishment of ferns and lycophytes, it is necessary to include the gametophytic face in ecological, molecular and physiological experimental studies. This information is important to implement conservation strategies, because a considerable number of ferns and lycophytes species, depend on these mycorrhizal associations for their growth and survival.
Pollination ecology of Clerodendrum indicum (Lamiaceae): first report of deceit pollination by anther-mimicking stigma in a bisexual flower
Authors: Ghosh Arijit , Pal Pankaj K.
Published: October 2017

Clerodendrum indicum (Lamiaceae) is a medicinally important shrub. We have studied the details of its pollination ecology which was hitherto unknown. The work was done during three consecutive years 2012-2014, based on 118 plants occurring in three widely separated wild populations in West Bengal, India, together with 25 individuals grown in an experimental plot. Details of flower structure and dynamics of floral events, pollen production and pollen dispersal, visitors and pollinators, floral attractants and floral rewards and pollen transfer mechanism have been worked out by standard methodologies with a 10x high resolution hand lens (IRL), a Leica WILD M3B Stereo-binocular microscope (Switzerland) and a Leica DMLB compound bright field light microscope (Germany). The tubular flower of four-day longevity attracts its visitors by visual cues. Flowers are visited regularly by ten species of insects. On the basis of the visitor behaviour, these can be classified into three distinct categories, viz., visitors belonging to Category-I act on cushion and trichome nectaries of calyx and corolla respectively, those of Category-II act on the dehisced anthers and trichome nectaries of corolla while those of Category-III act on dehisced anthers as well as receptive stigma. Majority of the visitors belong to either Category-I or Category-II. They visit only the 2nd day flowers and never visit a 3rd day flower when the stigma assumes receptivity. Therefore, they are not regarded as pollinators but, act as pollen and/or nectar robbers. Those are discriminated by offering secretions from extra-nuptial nectaries of the flower. Visitor species of Category-III, represented by a species of Trigona, constitute the legitimate pollinator of the plant and thereby, making the plant monophilic. Pollen presentation from the bisexual, dichogamous and protandrous flower takes place on the 2nd day, while the stigma assumes its receptivity on the 3rd day of flower opening. Pollen transfer to the body of the pollinator by a 2nd day flower in its male phase is achieved by offering edible pollen grains. On the other hand, a 3rd day flower at its female phase is devoid of the reward (pollen grain). The yellow shiny receptive stigma of such a flower strikingly mimics the freshly dehisced anthers and the pollinators being lured by such a stigma inadvertently transfer pollen onto it. C. indicum is so far the only known species of flowering plants where deceit pollination occurs by anther-mimicking stigma in a bisexual flower.
Influence of Implant Positions and Occlusal Forces on Peri-Implant Bone Stress in Mandibular Two-Implant Overdentures: A 3-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Alvarez-Arenal Angel , Gonzalez-Gonzalez Ignacio , deLlanos-Lanchares Hector , Brizuela-Velasco Aritza , DDS Elena Martin-Fernandez. , Ellacuria-Echebarria Joseba
Published: October 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the bone stress around implants in mandibular 2-implant overdentures depending on the implant location and different loading conditions. Four 3-dimensional finite element models simulating a mandibular 2-implant overdenture and a Locator attachment system were designed. The implants were located at the lateral incisor, canine, second premolar, and crossed-implant levels. A 150 N unilateral and bilateral vertical load of different location was applied, as was 40 N when combined with midline load. Data for von Mises stress were produced numerically, color coded, and compared between the models for peri-implant bone and loading conditions. With unilateral loading, in all 4 models much higher peri-implant bone stress values were recorded on the load side compared with the no-load side, while with bilateral occlusal loading, the stress distribution was similar on both sides. In all models, the posterior unilateral load showed the highest stress, which decreased as the load was applied more mesially. In general, the best biomechanical environment in the peri-implant bone was found in the model with implants at premolar level. In the crossed-implant model, the load side greatly altered the biomechanical environment. Overall, the overdenture with implants at second premolar level should be the chosen design, regardless of where the load is applied. The occlusal loading application site influences the bone stress around the implant. Bilateral occlusal loading distributes the peri-implant bone stress symmetrically, while unilateral loading increases it greatly on the load side, no matter where the implants are located.
Centra i peryferie jako rama analityczna i pojęciowa
Authors: Kwarcińska Katarzyna
Published: October 2017

The aim of the article is to investigate the centre – periphery framework for its practical usefulness as an analytical and explanatory tool to study the processes of space, cultural (including symbolic), political, and economic concentration and polarisation.There are two parts. The first examines theoretical problems concerning the application of the centre and periphery. The issues discussed include the fact that these concepts can be arbitrary, while there are many tacit additional assumptions surrounding the concepts of centre and periphery, which seem to make up a universal conceptual framework. The second part investigates the possibility of making a clear typology of centres and peripheries based the dominant processes and observable phenomena that make up the processes (examples are given for some of them). The article is a kind of metatheoretical overview and aims to identify further directions of centres-periphery research.As a result of the analysis, a list of observable categories comprising the description of centres and peripheries was made. These categories can be the foundation of a typologisation and operationalisation in empirical research. The concept of „periphery compensation” is of particular significance. It confirms the status of peripheries and reveals the direction of a dominant relation.
Kulturowy kontekst zmian gospodarczych
Authors: Cierniak-Szóstak Ewa
Published: October 2017

The economics sciences more and more often connects cultural variables to economic change processes. The article considers several theoretical and methodological issues in the analysis of culture, and in the way economic culture is used in studies on processes of economic change on various levels: at the macro-level of national economic culture in the search for historically rooted cultural values conducive to economic development; at the mezo-level of the economic culture of various social groups, communities and cities; and at the micro-level of organisational culture, which is a significant component of economic culture.
Syrian Refugees in America
Authors: Hendricks Erica
Published: October 2017

Position paper
The Relationship between President Trump’s Executive Order and the Geneva Convention on Refugees
Authors: Kidd Stanton
Published: October 2017

Commentary
Baudelaire, un detective ? – le 1848 vu par Kiyoshi Kasai
Authors: Oshima Yui
Published: October 2017

Kiyoshi Kasai (1948-), écrivain en première ligne au Japon, a un visage double : comme phénoménologue apprécié par son œuvre intitulé La Phénoménologie du terrorisme, il a complètement analysé et critiqué le radicalisme japonais du 1968 ; comme romancier populaire avac des séries de roman policier, il a engendré un détective-exradicaliste du 1968, Kakeru Yabuki. En 1968, il y a eu une révolution ratée au Japon. Le jeune Kasai était un des révoltants et la réalité lui a révélé que l’idée de liberté humaine partagée par les révoltants finissait par la violence affreuse. Cette expérience amère est toujours au centre de ses pensées.

Parmi ses œuvres nombreuses, on peut trouver un roman policier intitulé Le Diable dans la foule. Cette oœuvre est un peu particulière parce que c’est aussi un roman historique qui raconte la révolution française de 1848. Et ce qui est plus remarquable pour nous, c’est que le héros est un jeune homme qui s’appelle Charles B. Dufays.

Fébrier en 1848, Charles, un jeune poète inconnu assiste à la scène où un homme tire sur un journaliste. Ce coup de fusil non seulement coûte la vie au journaliste, mais aussi engendre un mitraillage et un massacre des révoltants. Pourquoi et qui a assassiné le journaliste ? Qu’est-ce que ça signifie, son dernier mot « jumelle » ? Pour trouver des réponses de ces énigmes, Charles frappe sur la porte du chevalier Auguste Dupain.

Il est sans doute naturel que Kasai, qui connait très bien les splendeurs et les misères, la fureur et l’échec de la révolution japonaise de 1968, s’intéresse à la révolution française de 1848 en tant que l’origine de l’époque contemporaine et à Baudelaire avec des regards fraternels. Car c’est bien lui qui a écrit dans Mon cœur mis à nu : « Ce qu’est l’empreur Napoléon III. Ce qu’il vaut. Trouver l’explication de sa nature, et sa providentialité » : cette attitude de trouver la providentialité, c’est exactement ce que Kasai veut garder pour le radicalisme de 1968 pour toute sa vie. Le romancier a mis, nous semble-t-il, dans ce livre grandiose tout son hommage à Poe, toute son interprétation de la poésie baudelairienne, toute sa réflexion sur les foules modernes au terme de Benjamin, tout son analyse phénoménologique de la révolution française de 1848 et tout son souvenir de la révolution échouée. Nous se proposons donc, dans cet exposé, de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de l’idée que Kiyoshi Kasai a donné à son Baudelaire.
Sanctuary Campuses
Authors: Otokunrin Toni
Published: October 2017

Position paper
The Sanctuary Movement: Historical & Contemporary Uses
Authors: Delgado Andrea
Published: October 2017

Position paper
Crossing Borders from France to Japan – and America
Authors: Barsky Robert F.
Published: October 2017

Historical cross-cultural contact, between Japan and the West, and, in return, between the West and Japan, is a richly-textured and remarkably modern story. In this issue, we expand our understanding of material exchanges, and consider the introduction of French modernism to a reluctant space, far from the shores of France, or the US. And to put this issue into the current context, we can also consider the effects of building new walls, new restrictions, and new barriers to exchanges of all sorts, while also contemplating the “sanctuary” that can be offered in order to maintain our obligations, and to promote dignity rather than criminalization.
Certifiable Trust in Autonomous Systems: Making the Intractable Tangible
Authors: Lyons Joseph B. , Clark Matthew A. , Wagner Alan R. , Schuelke Matthew J.
Published: October 2017

This article discusses verification and validation (V&V) of autonomous systems, a concept that will prove to be difficult for systems that were designed to execute decision initiative. V&V of such systems should include evaluations of the trustworthiness of the system based on transparency inputs and scenario‐based training. Transparency facets should be used to establish shared awareness and shared intent among the designer, tester, and user of the system. The transparency facets will allow the human to understand the goals, social intent, contextual awareness, task limitations, analytical underpinnings, and team‐based orientation of the system in an attempt to verify its trustworthiness. Scenario‐based training can then be used to validate that programming in a variety of situations that test the behavioral repertoire of the system. This novel method should be used to analyze behavioral adherence to a set of governing principles coded into the system.
The Value of AI Tools: Some Lessons Learned
Authors: Minton Steven N.
Published: October 2017

We are in the midst of an AI spring, and it's an exciting time for the AI community. AI is poised to change the world. Nevertheless, for many new AI technologies, it is still unclear how these technologies will be successfully productized, and which types of companies will be winners and losers. In this column, I reflect on some of the thorny issues that can arise when commercializing AI technology, based on my personal experience developing information‐extraction software.
A New AI Evaluation Cosmos: Ready to Play the Game?
Authors: Hernández‐Orallo José , Baroni Marco , Bieger Jordi , Chmait Nader , Dowe David L. , Hofmann Katja , Martínez‐Plumed Fernando , Strannegård Claes , Thórissons Kristinn R.
Published: October 2017

We report on a series of new platforms and events dealing with AI evaluation that may change the way in which AI systems are compared and their progress is measured. The introduction of a more diverse and challenging set of tasks in these platforms can feed AI research in the years to come, shaping the notion of success and the directions of the field. However, the playground of tasks and challenges presented there may misdirect the field without some meaningful structure and systematic guidelines for its organization and use. Anticipating this issue, we also report on several initiatives and workshops that are putting the focus on analyzing the similarity and dependencies between tasks, their difficulty, what capabilities they really measure and — ultimately — on elaborating new concepts and tools that can arrange tasks and benchmarks into a meaningful taxonomy.
Design and Intelligent Machines
Authors: Regli William
Published: October 2017

Many are interested in the design of intelligent machines. I am interested in design and how intelligent machines can transform this human endeavor in positive ways. I would like us to renew our consideration of some of the fundamental questions from the field of artificial intelligence, questions about human creativity and agency, in the context of design.
Zoning of reinforcement forces in geosynthetic reinforced cohesionless soil slopes
Authors: Chen J. , Zhang W. , Xue J.
Published: October 2017

The zone method is widely used in the design of reinforced soil slopes, where the total reinforcement force required for slope stabilization is calculated using a design factor of safety. The reinforcement layers in different zones of the slope make different contributions to the total required reinforcing force. To determine the tension distribution in the reinforcement layers and the size of the zones, the finite element method is used in this paper to study such factors as slope angle, slope height, soil properties, and others that may affect the tension distribution in the reinforcement layers. It was found that, for reinforced cohesionless soil slopes, the nominal factor of safety of the unreinforced slope, that is, the ratio of the tangent values of soil friction angle to the slope angle, is the main factor affecting the peak tension distribution in the reinforcement layers. An updated zone method for reinforced cohesionless soil slopes is proposed based on the results from numerical modelling in the current study and historical data.
Effects of particle breakage and stress reversal on the behaviour of sand around displacement piles
Authors: Altuhafi F. N. , Jardine R. J. , Georgiannou V. N. , Moinet W. W.
Published: October 2017

The stresses acting in the soil mass adjacent to the tips and shafts of displacement piles during installation and loading in medium-dense sand have been simulated in triaxial stress path tests on Fontainebleau NE34 sand. The very high normal and shear stresses recorded in calibration chamber model pile tests involving the same sand were first reproduced in high-pressure triaxial tests, so changing the sand's physical properties markedly. The behaviour of the mutated sand was then examined in second, lower stress, stages of the same experiments, demonstrating important changes in the sand's mechanical behaviour, including a significant increase in the angle of shearing resistance and a relocation of the sand's critical state line in the e−log p′ plane. Image analysis confirmed changes in the sand particles' micro-characteristics. The particles' size distributions altered and grain surface roughness increased markedly, while particle sphericity was only mildly affected. Similar surface roughness changes were noted between the particulate characteristics of specimens examined after the triaxial laboratory tests and those sampled from around the shafts of the calibration chamber model piles.
Bienes comunes y territorios rurales: una reflexión introductoria/ Commons and rural territories: an introductory reflection
Authors: Martínez Luciano , Cielo Cristina
Published: October 2017

Presentación
EFEITO DA TERAPIA PERIODONTAL NÃO CIRÚRGICA NA REDUÇÃO DA SEVERIDADE DA ARTRITE REUMATOIDE
Authors: De Sousa Renata Pereira , Figueiredo Nayana Emanuelle Santos , Guimarães Mariana Vasconcelos
Published: October 2017

A remodelação óssea é um processo contínuo que depende da atuação equilibrada entre osteoclastos e osteoblastos, responsáveis pela reabsorção e formação óssea, respectivamente. Situações inflamatórias persistentes podem alterar este processo, como a artrite reumatoide (AR) e a periodontite crônica. A patogênese destas duas doenças está associada às alterações nos níveis de mediadores inflamatórios que leva a um desequilíbrio imunológico associado à perda óssea. Estudos têm sugerido que tais doenças são bidirecionais, onde a presença de uma influencia a evolução da outra. Esse trabalho revisa os resultados de estudos de pesquisas científicas sobre o efeito da terapia periodontal não cirúrgica (TP) na redução da gravidade da AR. Para tanto, foi realizada uma busca por artigos científicos publicados a partir do ano 2006, no banco de dados PubMed, utilizando-se as palavras chaves: artrite reumatoide, periodontite e tratamento periodontal, nos idiomas inglês/português. Foram selecionados nove estudos com metodologia de pesquisa semelhante e que compuseram amostras de pacientes acometidos pelas duas doenças. Parâmetros como índice de sangramento gengival, profundidade de sondagem, sangramento à sondagem ou nível clínico de inserção avaliaram a condição periodontal de cada paciente, enquanto que questionários averiguando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e os testes laboratoriais relacionados à atividade inflamatória sistêmica foram considerados parâmetros associados à severidade da artrite reumatoide. Em oito estudos, a TP reduziu significamente severidade inflamatória da AR. Assim, os últimos dados científicos indicam o benefício da realização do TP ao reduzir a gravidade da AR, considerando, ainda a facilidade e baixo custo deste tipo de terapia.
Assessment of quality of life of patients operated for chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Tarasenko S V , Natal’skiy A A , Zaytsev O V , Sokolova S N , Bogomolov A Yu , Rakhmaev T S , Bakonina I V , Kadykova O A
Published: October 2017

Aim. Comparative analysis of the long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Methods. The study included patients with complicated clinical forms of chronic pancreatitis including: ductal pancreatic hypertension, main pancreatic duct concrements, marked fibrous restructuring of the pancreatic parenchyma and presence of calcifications, presence of biliary hypertension, portal hypertension syndrome, duodenostasis syndrome, chronic abdominal pain syndrome, retention and post-necrotic cysts. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1 included patients with chronic pancreatitis receiving conservative treatment (n=32), group 2 - patients who underwent the Frey pancreatic resection (n=24) and group 3 - Beger pancreatic resection (n=9). The assessment was performed according to the most spread specific questionnaire in gastroenterology GSRS (Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale).

Results. The quality of life of patients who underwent both Frey and Beger pancreatic resection was significantly higher than the quality of life of patients in whom chronic pancreatitis was treated conservatively. Quality of life of patients who underwent Frey or Beger pancreatic resection did not differ significantly. Malabsorption syndrome has a significant effect on the quality of life of patients who underwent surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis. The GSRS questionnaire demonstrated low sensitivity in detecting malabsorption syndrome.

Conclusion. Quality of life of patients who underwent surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis is statistically significantly higher than in patients receiving conservative treatment; correction of existing quality of life questionnaires is required in order to identify malabsorption syndrome.
Oral diseases prevalence among mariners of the Black sea fleet of the Russian Federation
Authors: Nikitenko V V , Grebnev G A , Kovalevskiy A M , Iordanishvili A K , Chernysh V F , Murynin V A , Teplov E V , Vasil’eva L V , Kovalevskiy V A , Vasil’eva M I
Published: October 2017

Aim. Investigation of the prevalence and severity of dental diseases of seafarers of the Black Sea Russian Fleet, as well as the need for various types of dental care.

Methods. Thorough dental examination of 785 mariners aged 18 to 40 years was performed. Group 1 consisted of 510 conscripts aged 18-27 years, group 2 - 275 military contract personnel aged 18-40 years. A thorough dental examination was performed using mouth mirror and probe, as well as the graduated periodontal probe. Dental caries extension and DMF (decayed-missing-filled) index were determined. Evaluation of periodontium was carried out according to the CPITN index (Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs), hygiene indices (Fedorov, Y.A., Volodkina V.V., 1971) and Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI, Мuhlemann, Son, 1971).

Results. Investigation of oral disease prevalence among seafarers of the Black Sea Russian Fleet showed its increase during the last twenty years. Particularly, dental caries prevalence among conscripts and military contract personnel of Black Sea Fleet reached 97.64±0.36% and 99.63±0.36%, respectively (DMF 8.85±1.25 and 13.30±2.05, respectively), and prevalence of chronic generalized periodontitis was 10.70±1.37% and 18.30±2.33%, respectively (p
Experimental validation of gene therapy for ischemic stroke
Authors: Sokolov M E , Bashirov F V , Safiullov Z Z
Published: October 2017

Aim. To develop a protocol of direct and cell-mediated gene therapy for ischemic stroke.

Methods. Viral vector carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene was created on the basis of human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5). The umbilical blood supply was preserved according to instructions of Kazan State Medical Uuniversity Stem cell bank. Umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells were isolated in a ficoll density gradient by standard procedure and transduced with Ad5-GFP. Ischemic cerebral stroke in rats was caused by distal occlusion of the middle cerebral artery through trephination hole in a temporal bone under surgical microscope. Within four hours after modeling stroke in the anesthetized animals laminectomy was performed at the L4-L5 level, and (1) 0.9% sodium chloride solution, (2) Ad5-GFP and (3) umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells + Ad5-GFP were inserted intrathecally. Survival, targeted migration to the focus of neurodegeneration, the ability to synthesize recombinant protein and the effect of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells on the infarction area were assessed using luminescent microscopy and morphometric analysis.

Results. GFP expression in the area of the stroke was established 3 weeks after stroke modeling, both after intrathecal insertion of Ad5-GFP and after xenotransplantation of umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells Ad5-GFP transduced ex vivo. When comparing the areas of cerebral infarction 3 weeks after modeling the stroke, in animals from umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells + Ad5-GFP group the median of the infarction area was 47.4% less than in animals receiving isotonic saline solution.

Conclusion. Umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells + Ad5-GFP after intrathecal insertion to animals with ischemic stroke, are capable of targeted migration to the neurodegeneration site as well as of recombinant protein synthesis; the results suggest the expediency of delivering therapeutic genes to ischemic zone via umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells overexpressing neurotrophic factors.
Current conception of carotid chemodectoma and efficiency of its treatment methods
Authors: Alferova Ju S , Surina V D , Karpov N V
Published: October 2017

The review presents current data from foreign studies of a rare tumor — carotid chemodectoma, particularly, about its prevalence, classification, clinical presentation, applicability of different diagnostics methods, and also on efficiency of treatment of this disease and complications developing after it in terms of described clinical cases. Search for relevant sources was carried out in Medline, US National Library of Medicine, Elibrary systems, in Cochrane Library and peer-reviewed scientific journals. A total of 26 studies were found, 22 of them were included in the review. Carotid chemodectoma is most often characterized by benign course, but, because of its scarce clinical presentation, specific examination methods are required for its accurate diagnosis. Surgical resection is usually used for the treatment of carotid chemodectoma, and in case of contraindications for the surgery, radiotherapy is applied (as a palliative method). The most widespread complications after surgical treatment are cranial nerve damage, intraoperative bleeding and ischemic stroke. Several cases were described in literature, when scientists from different countries (USA, Korea) attempted to decrease risk of complications by use of preoperational embolization, but that led to new complications, particularly, to migration of embolic material. At the same time, scientists from Netherlands noted some decrease of the number of postoperative complications when craniocaudal method was used. To date the only effective method of treatment of carotid chemodectoma is still surgical resection, but it cannot be used in a broad variety of cases. Moreover, the world surgical practice has no effective techniques for prevention of different complications occurring in postoperative period, that reduces possibilities of successful patients’ recovery. Therefore, to decrease the rate of postoperative complications and to increase patients survival rate further studies are required.
Change in affordability of medications in Kazan in 2011 and 2015 as a reflection of state initiatives to regulate drug prices
Authors: Razzakova Ch M , Ziganshina L E
Published: October 2017

Aim. Performing comparative analysis of drug prices in 2011 and 2015 in Kazan to assess the effectiveness of state initiatives to ensure the affordability of medicines.

Methods. The collection and processing of data was performed according to methodology developed by Health Action International and World Health Organization (WHO/HAI). We studied the availability and prices of 30 medicines in public and private pharmacies in Kazan in 2011 and 2015 and analyzed the procurement prices of the same medicines in inpatient hospitals. Recording and analysis were performed using standardized MS Excel WHO/HAI Workbook. Medicine prices were compared with international reference prices and were expressed as median price ratio.

Results. The analysis showed a decrease in medicine prices in 2015 compared to 2011. In public and private sectors median price ratio of the originator brands reduced by about 3 times, and of the lowest price generics reduced by 1.5 times. A decrease in procurement prices by more than 2 times for generics and more than 6 times for the original brands was also revealed in 2015 in comparison with 2011.

Conclusion. State initiatives to regulate drug prices contributed to the price reduction by 1.5-3 times in 2015 compared to 2011; changes in the procedures for the medicines procurement at the legislative level resulted in reduction of procurement prices by more than 2 times for generic drugs in 2015 compared to 2011.
Occupational allergic diseases in the Samara region: features and problems
Authors: Nikiforova G A , Spiridonov A M , Gavryushin M Yu
Published: October 2017

Aim. Improving the system of identifying occupational allergic diseases based on the anaysis of the features of occupational allergic morbidity in the Samara region for the period from 2005 to 2014.

Methods. Comprehensive retrospective study of occupational allergic morbidity in the Samara region was carried out on the data from 3229 occupational diseases (poisoning) registry cards including 278 occupational allergic diseases registry cards, as well as 262 acts on cases of occupational diseases. Obtained data were compared to the official data of the Federal budgetary healthcare institution «Federal center of hygiene and epidemiology» of Rospotrebnadzor and the reports of the Office of Rospotrebnadzor in the Samara region «On the sanitary-epidemiological welfare of population» for the relevant years.

Results. The proportion of occupational allergic diseases in the Samara region is in average 7.68±1.03% of all newly diagnosed cases of occupational diseases varying from 12.25% in 2005 to 3.22% in 2013, exceeding the same indicator across Russia. In the structure of occupational allergic diseases the most common nosological forms were revealed: bronchial asthma - 37.86%, allergic rhinitis - 25.07%, allergic (atopic) dermatitis - 7.93%, eczema - 7.68%. In 78.38% of cases the priority allergens in the region were chemical allergens: formaldehyde, chromium, nickel, molybdenum and other metals compounds, antibiotics, disinfectants, chlorine and synthetic detergents and others. 38.07% of cases of occupational allergic diseases were found to be registered in Samara, 26.15% of cases - in Tolyatti, and 5.50% of cases - in Otradnoye in the Samara region. The proportion of occupational allergic diseases found at periodic medical examinations was in average 29.31±4.5%.

Conclusion. The identified features of occupational allergic morbidity in the Samara region show the necessity to improve the organization and conduct of preventive measures, periodic medical examinations as well as further development of the regulatory framework.
Gender aspects of work motivation among oncologists
Authors: Gataullin I G , Zabirova L M , Gataullin I I
Published: October 2017

Aim. Study of work motivation and job satisfaction factors among oncologists from a gender perspective.

Methods. The survey involved 102 physicians-oncologists of the Republic of Tatarstan - 47% men and 53% women. The study included the following methods: observation, questionnaire, interview.

Results. Among all corporate factors, the work content (the functions performed, complexity, diversity, responsibility) was highly evaluated by men - 8.26 points (on a 10-point scale), the style and methods of leadership in the unit - 7.24 points. The highest score (above 8 points) among female doctors was given to organizational culture, training, labor peer review by colleagues, the style and methods of leadership in the unit, as well as standards, rules, regulations, and their implementation. Job satisfaction indicators among male doctors were generally lower than among women in all 16 occupational characteristics. Among the leading motivators oncologists place work content, positive attitude towards their profession, mission and goals of the clinic. They oppose demotivators such as pay rate, moral motivation, career opportunities and provide an acceptable level of work motivation for doctors. Compensation in the form of an award came out on top among the forms of stimulation both in men and in women. Forms of non-cash stimulation are also quite popular with doctors and are approximately equal in men and women: advanced training in the leading domestic and foreign clinics, payment of sports occupations, days off. Women prefer additional vacation, a praise, acknowledgement from the executive management of the clinic. Men appreciate more position increase, awarding of honorary title and especially provision of larger freedom and powers at work.

Conclusion. Gender studies of motivation demonstrated the differences in the attitude towards work, in its most important characteristics, labor values among male and female oncologists.
Case of atypical retroperitoneal suppurative complication of acute appendicitis
Authors: Shaymardanov R S , Gubaev R F , Sharafiev S Z , Nuriev I I , Gafurov K D
Published: October 2017

The article presents a case of an occasional extraperitoneal suppurative complication of acute appendicitis due to atypical clinical manifestation and diagnostic complexity. A 56-year-old male was hospitalized to the urological emergency department of Emergency Hospital №2 in December, 2014, with low back pain suggestive of renal colic. Renal ultrasound revealed cavitary lesion with liquid content in right lumbar region. Pus was drawn off by tapping. Further on, the abcess was opened 6 times during 2 following years. X-ray computed tomography of abdomen showed that the apex of appendix was located in lumbar (Petit) hernia and communicated with purulent cavity. Planned appendectomy was performed on January, 10, 2017. Convalescence. Histological finding (11.01.2017) was simple appendicitis. The reported case is of clinical interest as a rare compication of acute appendicitis developed in appendix located in lumbar (Petit) hernia; X-ray computed tomography of the abdomen is the most informative instrumental method for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and its complications.
The role of antibiotic therapy and hysteroscopy technique in the prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications
Authors: Klyucharov I V , Morozov V V , Khasanov A A , Ampilova E A , Yusupov K F
Published: October 2017

Inflammatory complications are relatively frequent in the hierarchy of complications of hysteroscopy. The article describes two clinical case scenarios of hysteroscopic procedures complicated by pelvioperitonitis. The analysis of contemporary local and international literature is presented, and shows different attitude towards the antibiotic prophylaxis of inflammatory complications related to hysteroscopy. Taking into account that potential spread of infected material from the uterine cavity through the tubes into Douglas space plays role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory complications, it is advisable to consider the value of intra-uterine pressure as one of the main factors responsible for the development of inflammatory complications. It is also prudent to use the technique and values of in-office hysteroscopy to prevent tubal reflux and thus reduce the chance of infectious complications. The possibility of complete abandonment of antibiotic prophylaxis requires additional research and confirmation with clinical studies.
COMUNICAÇÃO DO SURDO COM PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE NA BUSCA DA INTEGRALIDADE
Authors: Lopes Karsten Raphaela Marques , Vianna Nubia Garcia , Silva Eliete Maria
Published: October 2017

O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar e identificar a concepção do surdo quanto à comunicação com os profissionais de saúde. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa na qual foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, com perguntas norteadoras, com 6 surdos adultos. As entrevistas foram realizadas com o auxílio de uma intérprete da Língua Brasileira de Sinais – Libras. O conjunto das informações obtidas foi submetido à análise temática de conteúdo. Participaram da pesquisa seis sujeitos, 3 homens e 3 mulheres, com idades entre 19 e 44 anos, cuja perda auditiva apareceu nos primeiros anos de vida e que utilizavam a Libras como principal forma de comunicação. Os resultados são apresentados e discutidos em duas categorias temáticas: relação profissional-paciente surdo e promoção da autonomia do paciente surdo. Concluiu-se que existem barreiras para os surdos devido à dificuldade de comunicação com os profissionais de saúde e que o conhecimento de Libras pela equipe de saúde facilitaria a relação profissional-paciente.