bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterization and genetic variability of Toxocara vitulorum from naturally infected buffalo calves for the first time in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas Hiranmoy , Ahmed Nurnabi , Roy Babul Chandra , Hasan Mohammad Manjurul , Rahman MD Khalilur , Talukder Md. Hasanuzzaman
Published: October 2024

Toxocara vitulorum is one of the deadliest parasite of buffalo calves in Bangladesh. This study was conducted to explore genetic variability within and among the T. vitulorum populations in buffalo calves of Bangladesh. Genomic DNA was extracted, ITS2, COX1 and NAD1 gene were amplified and sequenced. Distinct 29 ITS2, 21 unique NAD1 and 24 COX1 genotypes were detected among the T. vitulorum of different geographic regions. These three gene genotypes similarities ranged from 97 to 99%, when these were compared to best hit scoring T. vitulorum sequences retrieved from GenBank. A total of 12 and 6 unique haplotypes were detected for COX1 and NAD1 gene sequences. The average nucleotide and haplotype diversity for COX1 and NAD1 were 0.0931 & 0.89493 and 0.00658 & 0.77895 respectively and the recorded values were more dispersed than previously published values. The pairwise Nst values ranged from −0.050 to 0.602 and Fst from −0.050 to 0.600 between all the T. vitulorum genotypes indicated huge genetic differentiation which were reportedly higher than other published reports Fst values. This is the first report of T. vitulorum on the basis of COX1 gene in Bangladesh. The study findings will be helpful for further extensive epidemiological studies regarding anthelmintic resistance, control and prevention of T. vitulorum infection in buffalo calves.
Rehabilitating Republican China: Historical Memory, National Identity and Regime Legitimacy in the Post-Mao Era
Authors: Zhang Qiang
Published: October 2024

Described in the Chinese Communist Party's orthodox historiography as a dark and repressive period and part of the “century of humiliation,” the Republican era has in recent decades undergone a significant reassessment in the People's Republic of China (PRC). In books, newspaper articles, documentaries and dramas, Republican China has sometimes been portrayed as a vibrant society making remarkable progress in modernization in the face of severe external challenges. This article explores the origins of this surprising rehabilitation and examines in detail how the Republican-era economic legacies have been reassessed in the reform era. It finds that while the post-Mao regime continues to use the negative view of China's pre-communist history to maintain its historical legitimacy, it has also been promoting a positive view of aspects of the same period in order to support its post-1978 priorities of modernization and nationalism, a trend that has persisted under Xi Jinping despite his tightened ideological control. The selective revival of Republican legacies, although conducive to the Party's current political objectives, has given rise to revisionist narratives that damage the hegemony of its orthodox historical discourses, on which its legitimacy still relies.
Forecasting US Voter Turnout
Authors: Bednarczuk Michael
Published: October 2024

Voter turnout is a crucial indicator of democratic health, yet forecasting turnout remains an understudied area in political science. This article presents two pioneering models for predicting US presidential election turnout: the national and the state model. The national one, using data from 1868 from 2020, employs lagged turnout as its sole predictor. The state model, covering 1984 to 2020, incorporates demographic and institutional variables to forecast state-level participation. The national predicts 65.3% turnout for 2024, whereas the state model forecasts increased turnout in 41 states compared to 2020. The models’ ability to generate early predictions offers valuable lead time for planning and resource allocation, which has implications for election administrators and political campaigns, as well as for the vibrancy of civic engagement in America.
The Challenge of Forecasting the 2024 Presidential and House Elections: Economic Pessimism and Election Outcomes
Authors: Lockerbie Brad
Published: October 2024

Using a forecasting model based on economic pessimism and recognizing the difficulties of making such a forecast in such atypical times, the forecasting model predicts a narrow loss for the incumbent presidential party and a loss of 12 seats in the House of Representatives. Even with the unusual nature of politics in the United States over the past decade, this model does a good job of predicting election outcomes. The more pessimistic people are, the worse the incumbent party does in presidential and House elections. Moreover, the power of incumbency shows strongly.
Distinguishing potential and effective additionality of forest conservation interventions
Authors: Delacote Philippe , Le Velly Gwenolé , Simonet Gabriela
Published: October 2024

The additionality of forest conservation interventions is frequently questioned. In particular, they are often considered to be located in places where forests are not threatened, which points to the existence of location biases. Revisiting this location bias concept, we conceptually distinguish potential and effective additionality and theoretically consider how the objectives of the implementer affect the siting choice of the forest conservation interventions and their additionality. Our theoretical intuition is that the choices of the implementers are influenced by the quality of institutions. Our results show that (1) the implementer's objective and local institutions may lead the implementer to select a site with low development potential and low forest threat, and (2) the selection of a site with low development potential, which is frequently presented as a location bias, does not necessarily preclude additionality.
Measuring compassion in end-of-life cancer patients: The Italian validation of the Sinclair Compassion Questionnaire (SCQit)
Authors: Bovero Andrea , Fraoni Alessandra , Urru Sara , Berchialla Paola , Cotardo Francesca , Di Girolamo Irene , Ostacoli Luca , Sinclair Shane , Carletto Sara
Published: October 2024

Objectives

Compassion is acknowledged as a key component of high-quality palliative care, producing positive outcomes for both patients and healthcare providers. The development of the Sinclair Compassion Questionnaire (SCQ) fulfilled the need for a valid and reliable tool to measure patients’ experience of compassion. To validate the Italian version of the SCQ and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a sample of cancer patients with a life expectancy of less than 4 months.

Methods

Cronbach’s alpha estimates were computed to evaluate the internal reliability. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Item Response Theory analyses were performed to assess the validity of the construct. Divergent validity was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Treatment Satisfaction-Patient Satisfaction, the revised Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale, and the Trust in Oncologist Scale-Short Form. Data were collected from 131 patients recruited in either a hospital or a hospice setting.

Results

The analyses confirmed the single factor structure of SCQit, with Confirmatory Factor Analysis factor loadings ranging between 0.81 and 0.92 and satisfactory internal reliability. Hospital setting and high diagnosis/prognosis awareness were associated with significantly lower SCQit scores, whereas practicing a religious faith was associated with greater experiences of compassion.

Significance of results

The Italian version of the SCQ (SCit) is a valid and reliable measure of patient-reported compassion. The SCQit can be used in clinical practice and research to measure the compassion experiences of terminally ill cancer patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of training to promote compassionate care in healthcare professionals.
Transparent Corruption: The Effect of Illicit Connections and Trusted References on the Demand for Bureaucratic Intermediation
Authors: Morales-Arilla José Ramon , Ibarra Ana
Published: October 2024

This article investigates the effect of priming the existence of corrupt connections to the bureaucracy and of trusted references on the demand for intermediary services. We performed an experimental survey with undergraduate students in Caracas, Venezuela. Participants are presented with a hypothetical situation in which they need to obtain the apostille of their professional degrees in order to migrate and are considering whether to hire an intermediary (“gestor”) or not. The survey randomly reveals the existence of an illicit connection between thegestorand the bureaucracy and whether a trusted individual referred the intermediary. Our findings are not consistent with the “market maker” hypothesis that revealing the existence of illicit connections increases demand. Consistent with the view that trust is a key element in inherently opaque transactions, we find that the demand for intermediaries is price inelastic whengestoresare referred by trusted individuals.
Electromagnetic Model of K‐Changes
Authors: Kašpar Petr , Marshall Thomas , Stolzenburg Maribeth , Kolmašová Ivana , Santolík Ondřej
Published: October 2024

K‐changes are observed as step‐like increases in the thundercloud electric fields. The K‐changes occur in the late part of intra‐cloud lightning or during negative cloud‐to‐ground lightning between return strokes. It has been shown that the processes leading to K‐changes initiate in the decayed part of a positive leader channel and propagate toward the flash origin. They are often accompanied by microsecond‐scale electric field pulses. We introduce a new model to simulate processes leading to the K‐changes in cloud‐to‐ground lightning. Our method is based on the full solution of Maxwell's equations coupled to Poisson's equation for the thundercloud charge structure. To model the K‐changes, we gradually increase the decayed channel conductivity. The modeled current wavefront propagates due to the K‐processes downward along a vertical channel and completely attenuates before reaching the ground. We derive the evolution of the linear charge densities and the scalar electric potential along the channel leading to K‐changes. We model electrostatic step‐like changes in the measured electric field together with the approximate rates and amplitudes of the microsecond scale pulses. Step‐like changes increase their amplitudes with the length of the simulated channel and with a higher conductivity of the channel. The microsecond‐scale pulse waveshapes depend mainly on the propagation velocity of the current wave, and the time scale of the conductivity increase. We show that our modeled waveforms are in a good agreement with observations conducted in Florida.
Inferring Surface NO2 Over Western Europe: A Machine Learning Approach With Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: Sun Wenfu , Tack Frederik , Clarisse Lieven , Schneider Rochelle , Stavrakou Trissevgeni , Van Roozendael Michel
Published: October 2024

Nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) are of great concern due to their impact on human health and the environment. In recent years, machine learning (ML) techniques have been widely used for surface NO2 estimation with rapid developments in computational power and big data. However, the uncertainties inherent to such retrievals are rarely studied. In this study, a novel ML framework has been developed, enhanced with uncertainty quantification techniques, to estimate surface NO2 and provide corresponding data‐induced uncertainty. We apply the Boosting Ensemble Conformal Quantile Estimator (BEnCQE) model to infer surface NO2 concentrations over Western Europe at the daily scale and 1 km spatial resolution from May 2018 to December 2021. High NO2 mainly appears in urban areas, industrial areas, and roads. The space‐based cross‐validation shows that our model achieves accurate point estimates (r = 0.8, R2 = 0.64, root mean square error = 8.08 μg/m3) and reliable prediction intervals (coverage probability, PI‐50%: 51.0%, PI‐90%: 90.5%). Also, the model result agrees with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) model. The quantile regression in our model enables us to understand the importance of predictors for different NO2 level estimations. Additionally, the uncertainty information reveals the extra potential exceedance of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2021 limit in some locations, which is undetectable by only point estimates. Meanwhile, the uncertainty quantification allows assessment of the model's robustness outside existing in‐situ station measurements. It reveals challenges of NO2 estimation over urban and mountainous areas where NO2 is highly variable and heterogeneously distributed.
Frequency and Spatial Variability of European Record Floods
Authors: Bertola M. , Castellarin A. , Viglione A. , Valtancoli E. , Blöschl G.
Published: October 2024

Regional envelope curves (RECs) have been used to characterize the flooding potential of regions worldwide. However, a comprehensive assessment for Europe is still missing. In this study we use the largest European flood database to quantify the magnitude of record floods, their dependence on catchment size, and the amount of available independent information, which is needed for estimatinig the REC's exceedance probability. We propose a framework for estimating REC parameters across large areas, consisting in partitioning the domain according to the observation density and estimating the REC slope through quantile regression. The results show that the REC parameters vary substantially across Europe. The envelope unit flood associated with a catchment area of 1,000 km2 varies between 0.1 and 6 m3s−1 km−2 and is highest in Mediterranean and Alpine areas and lowest in central‐eastern Europe. The slope of the envelope varies between 0 and −1 and is larger in Southern Europe than in Northern Europe. These differences are explained by steeper landscape in mountaineous regions and localized short duration storms producing large floods in small catchments in the Mediterranean, whose intensities are larger than in other parts of Europe. Based on the framework of probabilistic envelope curves we show that, despite the uneven observation density, the obtained RECs are associated with comparable exceedance probabilities.
Earthquake Growth Inhibited at Higher Coulomb Stress Change Rate at Groningen
Authors: Tamama Y. , Acosta M. , Bourne S. J. , Avouac J. P.
Published: October 2024

Gas extraction from the Groningen gas field resulted in significant induced seismicity. We analyze the magnitude‐frequency distribution of these earthquakes in space, time and in view of stress changes calculated based on gas production and reservoir properties. Previous studies suggested variations related to reservoir geometry and stress. While we confirm the spatial variations, we do not detect a clear sensitivity of b‐value to Coulomb stress changes. However, we find that b‐value correlates positively with the rate of Coulomb stress changes. This correlation is statistically significant and robust to uncertainties related to stress change calculation. This study thus points to a possible influence of stress change rate on the probability of the magnitude of induced earthquakes.
On the Stationarity of the Global Spatial Dependency of Heat Risk on Drought
Authors: Zampieri M. , Ashok K. , Toreti A. , Bavera D. , Hoteit I.
Published: October 2024

Land surface processes such as the soil moisture—air temperature coupling influence compound climate anomalies like heatwaves and droughts, yet the spatial and temporal variability of the coupling strength is still understudied. We assess global land exposure to concurrent heat waves and drought since the 1980s. We found that drought significantly shapes the spatial distribution of the risk of heat waves. We show that the portion of global land experiencing drought‐conditioned heat anomalies more than tripled in less than 3 decades. However, using such traditional heat waves indicators, the level of spatial coupling between heat waves and drought seems to decline. Conversely, time‐dependent approaches accounting for the baseline climate change offer a more stable perspective. We conclude that tailoring hazard definitions to specific processes and impacts is crucial. Early warning systems can play a prominent role in mitigating the impacts of global warming to society.
On the Use of SMAP Soil Moisture for Forecasting NDVI Over CONUS Cropland Regions
Authors: Le Manh‐Hung , Bolten John D. , Whitney Kristen M. , Johnson David M. , Mueller Rick , Mladenova Iliana E.
Published: October 2024

Vegetation health forecasting (NDVI as a proxy) informs decision‐makers about the end of season crop yield productivity but is not well‐documented. This study tests improvements in vegetation health forecasting by developing a data‐driven Dynamic Agricultural Productivity Indicator (DAPI), which simultaneously incorporates satellite‐based root zone soil moisture (RZSM) and satellite‐based NDVI data. RZSM is estimated via data assimilation of satellite based SMAP SM dataset. We employ the proposed DAPI forecast across four cropland types in the CONUS, including corn, cotton, soybeans, and wheat. Results demonstrate superior performance of the DAPI forecasts compared to climatology‐based NDVI forecasts, with the largest improvements in water‐limited regions. DAPI shows particularly good performance during hydrologic disturbances such as floods and droughts. To this end, the DAPI approach is useful in estimating future vegetation health for identifying potential food‐insecure areas, predicting crop price changes, and projecting expected commodities market trends.
Electron Dissipation and Electromagnetic Work
Authors: Yang Yan , Adhikari Subash , Matthaeus William H.
Published: October 2024

With the increase in technical capabilities of computer simulation in recent years, it has become feasible to quantify the degradation of fluid scale plasma and electromagnetic energies in favor of increases of internal energies. While it is understood that electromagnetic energy can be exchanged with fluid scale velocities, it is the pressure strain interaction that exchanges energy between fluid motions and internal energy. Here using simulations of both turbulence and reconnection we show that for electrons, the pressure strain and electromagnetic work are closely related and are frequently comparable when appropriate time and spatial averaging is applied. Otherwise, the instantaneous spatial averaged pressure strain and electromagnetic work are nearly equal for slowly evolving systems, like the reconnection case, while they differ significantly in rapidly evolving systems, like the turbulence case. This clarifies the relationship between these two quantities, which are each frequently used as measures of dissipation.
AKR1B1-dependent fructose metabolism enhances malignancy of cancer cells
Authors: Zhao Qing , Han Bing , Wang Lu , Wu Jia , Wang Siliang , Ren Zhenxing , Wang Shouli , Yang Haining , Carbone Michele , Dong Changsheng , Melino Gerry , Chen Wen-Lian , Jia Wei
Published: October 2024

Fructose metabolism has emerged as a significant contributor to cancer cell proliferation, yet the underlying mechanisms and sources of fructose for cancer cells remain incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that cancer cells can convert glucose into fructose through a process called the AKR1B1-mediated polyol pathway. Inhibiting the endogenous production of fructose through AKR1B1 deletion dramatically suppressed glycolysis, resulting in reduced cancer cell migration, inhibited growth, and the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Conversely, the acceleration of endogenous fructose through AKR1B1 overexpression has been shown to significantly enhance cancer cell proliferation and migration with increased S cell cycle progression. Our findings highlight the crucial role of endogenous fructose in cancer cell malignancy and support the need for further investigation into AKR1B1 as a potential cancer therapeutic target.
Mediator MED23 controls oligodendrogenesis and myelination by modulating Sp1/P300-directed gene programs
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Feng Xue , Li Chong-Hui , Zheng Yuan-Ming , Wang Meng-Ya , Li Jun-Jie , Dai Yun-Peng , Jing Naihe , Zhou Jia-Wei , Wang Gang
Published: October 2024

Gaining the molecular understanding for myelination development and regeneration has been a long-standing goal in neurological research. Mutations in the transcription cofactor Mediator Med23 subunit are often associated with intellectual disability and white matter defects, although the precise functions and mechanisms of Mediator in myelination remain unclear. In this study, we generated a mouse model carrying an Med23Q649R mutation that has been identified in a patient with hypomyelination features. The MED23Q649R mouse model develops white matter thinning and cognitive decline, mimicking common clinical phenotypes. Further, oligodendrocyte-lineage specific Med23 knockout mice verified the important function of MED23 in regulating central nervous system myelination and postinjury remyelination. Utilizing the in vitro cellular differentiation assay, we found that the oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, either carrying the Q649R mutation or lacking Med23, exhibit significant deficits in their capacity to differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes. Gene profiling combined with reporter assays demonstrated that Mediator Med23 controls Sp1-directed gene programs related to oligodendrocyte differentiation and cholesterol metabolism. Integrative analysis demonstrated that Med23 modulates the P300 binding to Sp1-targeted genes, thus orchestrating the H3K27 acetylation and enhancer activation for the oligodendrocyte lineage progression. Collectively, our findings identified the critical role for the Mediator Med23 in oligodendrocyte fate determination and provide mechanistic insights into the myelination pathogenesis associated with MED23 mutations.
Artificial intelligence-based analysis of retinal fluid volume dynamics in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and association with vision and atrophy
Authors: Yu Siqing , Jones Ian Lloyd , Maunz Andreas , Bachmeier Isabel , Albrecht Thomas , Ebneter Andreas , Gliem Martin , Staurenghi Giovanni , Sadda SriniVas R. , Chakravarty Usha , Fauser Sascha
Published: October 2024

Background/objectives

To characterise morphological changes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) during anti-angiogenic therapy and explore relationships with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and development of macular atrophy (MA).

Subjects/methods

Post-hoc analysis of the phase III HARBOR trial. SD-OCT scans from 1097 treatment-naïve nAMD eyes were analysed. Volumes of intraretinal cystoid fluid (ICF), subretinal hyperreflective material (SHRM), subretinal fluid (SRF), pigment epithelial detachment (PED) and cyst-free retinal volume (CFRV) were measured by deep-learning model. Volumes were analysed by treatment regimen, macular neovascularisation (MNV) subtypes and topographic location. Associations of volumetric features with BCVA and MA development were quantified at month 12/24.

Results

Differences in feature volume changes by treatment regimens and MNV subtypes were observed. Each additional 100 nanolitre unit (AHNU) of residual ICF, SHRM and CFRV at month 1 in the fovea was associated with deficits of 10.3, 7.3 and 12.2 letters at month 12. Baseline AHNUs of ICF, CFRV and PED were associated with increased odds of MA development at month 12 by 10%, 4% and 3%. While that of SRF was associated with a decrease in odds of 5%. Associations at month 24 were similar to those at month 12.

Conclusion

Eyes with different MNV subtypes showed distinct trajectories of feature volume response to treatment. Higher baseline volumes of ICF or PED and lower baseline volume of SRF were associated with higher likelihoods of MA development over 24 months. Residual intraretinal fluid, including ICF and CFRV, along with SHRM were predictors of poor visual outcomes.
Visualising the strength development of FICP-treated sand using impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Ahmad Jamal , Khan Mohammad Arsalan , Ahmad Shakeel , Alkahtani Meshel Q. , Mursaleen Mohammad , Islam Saiful
Published: October 2024

Fungal Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (FICP) is a novel method used in geotechnical engineering that enhances the engineering properties of sand by using the potential of fungal activity. This research is the first attempt to monitor the strength of FICP treated sand using embedded Piezoelectric (PZT) patch based Electromechanical Impedance (EMI) spectroscopy. In the past, the strength of such treated sand has been determined through the destructive methods like Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test. In this study, the sand is mixed with the filamentous fungus Aspergillus Niger and the cementation solution (urea and $$\:{\text{C}\text{a}\text{C}\text{l}}_{2}$$ in the ratio of 1:1) is injected after every 24 h. Results recorded from the cost-effective EVAL AD5933 chip indicate that the shifting of frequency impedance signals in each phase is in good alignment with UCS and calcium carbonate content (CCC). Following the 28-day treatment period, the treated sand achieves a maximum UCS of 3.93 MPa, accompanied by a CCC of 15.19%. In order to correlate EMI signals with treatment cycles, UCS, and CCC, various multi linear regression (MLR) equations for statistical metrics like root mean square deviation (RMSD), mean absolute percentage deviation (MAPD), and correlation coefficient deviation (CCD) are developed. Additionally, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses have been conducted to observe the success of the FICP process in the sand.
Current-controlled periodic double-polarity reversals in a spin-torque vortex oscillator
Authors: Chopin Chloé , de Wergifosse Simon , Moureaux Anatole , Abreu Araujo Flavio
Published: October 2024

Micromagnetic simulations are used to study a spin-torque vortex oscillator excited by an out-of-plane dc current. The vortex core gyration amplitude is confined between two orbits due to periodical vortex core polarity reversals. The upper limit corresponds to the orbit where the vortex core reaches its critical velocity triggering the first polarity reversal which is immediately followed by a second one. After this double polarity reversal, the vortex core is on a smaller orbit that defines the lower limit of the vortex core gyration amplitude. This double reversal process is a periodic phenomenon and its frequency, as well as the upper and lower limit of the vortex core gyration, is controlled by the input current density while the vortex chirality determines the apparition of this confinement regime. In this non-linear regime, the vortex core never reaches a stable orbit and thus, it can be of interest for neuromorphic application as a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron for example.
High order Fano resonance in the time domain for a freezing water microdroplet
Authors: Minin Igor V. , Minin Oleg V. , Zhou Song , Luk’yanchuk Boris S.
Published: October 2024

Fog is a collection of micro drops of water suspended in the air, formed as a result of cooling of moist air. In supercooled air, water droplets freeze, forming ice fog at air temperatures below − 10–15° C. As the ice drop freezes, it forms a core-shell structure. In such a particle, a high-Q Fano resonance is possible, which entails the formation of a magnetic pulse. Our theoretical calculations have predicted the time-dependent formation of Fano resonances in a freezing the outside in water droplet. Time-varying unconventional Fano resonance with magnetic field enhancement yield new method to manipulate light–matter interactions in a freezing water droplet. To the best of our knowledge this mechanism was not discussed previously.
Exploring online public survey lifestyle datasets with statistical analysis, machine learning and semantic ontology
Authors: Chatterjee Ayan , Riegler Michael A. , Johnson Miriam Sinkerud , Das Jishnu , Pahari Nibedita , Ramachandra Raghavendra , Ghosh Bikramaditya , Saha Arpan , Bajpai Ram
Published: October 2024

Lifestyle diseases significantly contribute to the global health burden, with lifestyle factors playing a crucial role in the development of depression. The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified many determinants of depression. This study aimed to identify lifestyle and demographic factors associated with depression symptoms among Indians during the pandemic, focusing on a sample from Kolkata, India. An online public survey was conducted, gathering data from 1,834 participants (with 1,767 retained post-cleaning) over three months via social media and email. The survey consisted of 44 questions and was distributed anonymously to ensure privacy. Data were analyzed using statistical methods and machine learning, with principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) employed for feature selection. K-means clustering divided the pre-processed dataset into five clusters, and a support vector machine (SVM) with a linear kernel achieved 96% accuracy in a multi-class classification problem. The Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) algorithm provided local explanations for the SVM model predictions. Additionally, an OWL (web ontology language) ontology facilitated the semantic representation and reasoning of the survey data. The study highlighted a pipeline for collecting, analyzing, and representing data from online public surveys during the pandemic. The identified factors were correlated with depressive symptoms, illustrating the significant influence of lifestyle and demographic variables on mental health. The online survey method proved advantageous for data collection, visualization, and cost-effectiveness while maintaining anonymity and reducing bias. Challenges included reaching the target population, addressing language barriers, ensuring digital literacy, and mitigating dishonest responses and sampling errors. In conclusion, lifestyle and demographic factors significantly impact depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study’s methodology offers valuable insights into addressing mental health challenges through scalable online surveys, aiding in the understanding and mitigation of depression risk factors.
The risk of energy hardship increases with extreme heat and cold in Australia
Authors: Li Ang , Toll Mathew , Bentley Rebecca
Published: October 2024

Climate change is shifting the experience of energy hardship. Here we examine the effect of the intensity, frequency, and duration of temperature extremes on energy hardship, and how this risk is shaped by individual, housing and neighbourhood resiliencies across Australia, using nationally representative data (269,500 observations) on energy hardship linked to temperature records between 2005 and 2021. Findings suggest that the risk of energy hardship increases with more intense extreme heat and cold, with greater risks for older individuals, lone-person or single-parent households, and rental tenants. These vulnerabilities can be offset by quality housing and renewable energy installations. Energy hardship risks under moderate and high emissions global warming scenarios are projected to increase by 0.1%−2.6% and 0.6%−3.3% respectively in the long run. Energy hardship will remain a concern despite raising temperatures, especially for colder regions less prepared for heat and populations with individual vulnerabilities and lacking housing and neighbourhood adaptations.
Retention time-independent strategy for screening pesticide residues in herbs based on a fingerprint database and all ion fragmentation acquisition with LC-QTOF MS
Authors: Chen Xiu-Ping , Lu Yu-Han , Xu Bo , Wei Yi-Xin , Cui Xia-Lian , Zhang Wen-Wen , Xu Gang-Feng , Zhang Fang , Feng Chen-Guo
Published: October 2024

A retention time (RT)-independent strategy for nontargeted screening of pesticide residues in herbs was exploited based on a fingerprint database and all ion fragmentation acquisition with LC-QTOF MS.
3D printed microfluidic devices with electrodes for electrochemical analysis
Authors: Selemani Major A. , Cenhrang Khamhbawihum , Azibere Samuel , Singhateh Mariama , Martin R. Scott
Published: October 2024

A review with 93 references describing various 3D printing approaches that have been used to create microfluidic devices containing electrodes for electrochemical detection.
3D Printing of a Biomimetic Myotendinous Junction Assisted by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kiratitanaporn Wisarut , Guan Jiaao , Tang Min , Xiang Yi , Lu Ting-yu , Balayan Alis , Lao Alison , Berry David B. , Chen Shaochen
Published: October 2024

Workflow for developing an in vitro biomimetic myotendinous junction (MTJ): tissue properties and SEM data are measured (left), informing 3D printing of microstructure and properties (middle). MTJ formation occurs naturally within 2 weeks (right).
Retraction: Development of EGFR-targeted evodiamine nanoparticles for the treatment of colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Chunpu , Cai Gang , Song Daqian , Gao Ruixuan , Teng Peng , Zhou LiHong , Ji Qing , Sui Hua , Cai Jianfeng , Li Qi , Wang Yan
Published: October 2024

Retraction of ‘Development of EGFR-targeted evodiamine nanoparticles for the treatment of colorectal cancer’ by Chunpu Li et al., Biomater. Sci., 2019, 7, 3627–3639, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9BM00613C.
Fluorescent probes for investigating the internalisation and action of bioorthogonal ruthenium catalysts within Gram-positive bacteria
Authors: Schubert Nicole , Southwell James W. , Vázquez-Hernández Melissa , Wortmann Svenja , Schloeglmann Sylvia , Duhme-Klair Anne-Kathrin , Nuernberger Patrick , Bandow Julia E. , Metzler-Nolte Nils
Published: October 2024

The bioorthogonal, intracellular Ru-catalyzed deprotection reaction of coumarin dyes is studied inside Gram-positive bacteria.
An ab initio spectroscopic model of the molecular oxygen atmospheric and infrared bands
Authors: Somogyi Wilfrid , Yurchenko Sergey N. , Kim Gap-Sue
Published: October 2024

A new computational methodology for calculating absorption cross sections and Einstein coefficients of homonuclear diatomic molecules, applied in tandem with high-level electronic structure calculations to produce a line list for molecular oxygen.
IR spectra of cationic 1,5,9-triazacoronene and two of its cationic derivatives
Authors: Kamer Jerry , Schleier Domenik , Jiao Andy , Schneider Grégory , Martens Jonathan , Berden Giel , Oomens Jos , Bouwman Jordy
Published: October 2024

The gas-phase mid-IR spectra of cationic 1,5,9-triazacoronene and two of its cationic derivatives are presented. Their spectra suggest a possible contribution of polycyclic aromatic nitrogen heterocycles to the interstellar aromatic infrared bands.
Plasticizers: distribution and impact in aquatic and terrestrial environments
Authors: Manatunga Danushika C. , Sewwandi Madushika , Perera Kalani Imalka , Jayarathna Methmini Dilhara , Peramune Dinusha L. , Dassanayake Rohan S. , Ramanayaka Sammani , Vithanage Meththika
Published: October 2024

The review highlights advanced removal strategies and their impacts on soil algae and nematodes, addressing plasticizer pollution comprehensively.
An assessment of spent coffee grounds as a replacement for peat in the production of whisky: chemical and sensory analysis of new make spirits
Authors: Krakowiak Kacper P. , Baxter Irene , Harrison Barry , Pitts Nicholas , Fergusson Sam , Bell Nicholle G. A. , Ellis David , McIntosh Ruaraidh D.
Published: October 2024

The chemical composition of whisky spirits produced using malt smoked with spent coffee grounds (SCG) in place of traditional peat was explored using a range of analytical techniques including sensory analysis.
High-fat diet promotes type 2 diabetes mellitus by disrupting gut microbial rhythms and short-chain fatty acid synthesis
Authors: Wang Yangrui , Yan Fenfen , Chen Qingxue , Liu Fei , Xu Baofeng , Liu Yuanyuan , Huo Guicheng , Xu Jinsheng , Li Bailiang , Wang Song
Published: October 2024

A schematic diagram of a high-fat diet promotes type 2 diabetes mellitus by disrupting gut microbial rhythms and short-chain fatty acid synthesis.
Ligand-centred phenotype-driven development of potent kinase inhibitors against oesophageal cancer
Authors: Ayala-Aguilera Cecilia C. , Ge Yang , Lorente-Macías Álvaro , Jones Benjamin N. , Adam Catherine , Carragher Neil O. , Unciti-Broceta Asier
Published: October 2024

A ligand-centred strategy combined with phenotypic screening was used to develop novel antiproliferative inhibitors against oesophageal cancer and identified a lead compound that induces potent anticancer activity and inhibits Aurora kinase A.
Demonstration of a novel majority logic in a memristive crossbar array for in-memory parallel computing
Authors: Choi Moon Gu , In Jae Hyun , Song Hanchan , Kim Gwangmin , Rhee Hakseung , Park Woojoon , Kim Kyung Min
Published: October 2024

Reliability was ensured and 8.5 times higher efficiency in a 64-bit adder was achieved through the parallel operation of the MAJ logic.
Novel hybrids of 6-amino-3-n-butylphthalide and neuroprotective groups against ischemic stroke
Authors: Wang Jieru , Cao Ruolin , Zhao Yang , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhao Yining , Chen Yongsong , Li Xiaohu , Liu Yueyang , Chen Guoliang
Published: October 2024

Ischemic stroke (IS) is the leading cause of disability and the second most common cause of death in adults globally.
Frustrated van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Tawfik Sherif Abdulkader
Published: October 2024

Geometrical frustration results from the packing of constituents in a lattice, where the constituents have conflicting forces.
Overcoming Debye screening effect in field-effect transistors for enhanced biomarker detection sensitivity
Authors: Meng Qi , Li Huimin , Zhao Weilong , Song Ming , Zhang Wenhong , Li Xinyu , Chen Jun , Wang Li
Published: October 2024

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest research advancements in overcoming the Debye screening effect in field-effect transistor (FET) sensors.
Photochemical alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with N,N,N′,N′-tetraalkylethylenediamine
Authors: Zhu Yaqing , Zhang Yi , Zhao Xia , Lu Kui
Published: October 2024

A visible-light-induced C-3 alkylation of quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with N,N,N′,N′-tetraalkylethylenediamine was achieved without an external photocatalyst.
Benzo-crown ether electrolyte additives in facilitating sulfur evolution and lithium anode stabilization for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wang Zhihua , Xue Zhenjun , Ke Junru , Dong Min , Ma Bei , Zhang Zhe , Ji Hua , Ji Qingmin , Zhu He , Lan Si
Published: October 2024

Dibenzo-24-crown-8 (D24C8), as a bifunctional additive, promoted sulfur species conversion kinetics and mitigated detrimental side reactions at the lithium anode caused by LiPSs.
Introducing dibenzocyclooctatetraene into actinide chemistry: isolation of rare trivalent uranium sandwich complexes
Authors: Castellanos Ernesto , Su Wei , Demir Selvan
Published: October 2024

The π-expanded dibenzocyclooctatetraene ligand was employed to access an unprecedented series of actinide sandwich compounds. The trivalent uranium complexes were studied by crystallography, spectroscopy, and computations.
Laser irradiation-induced two-photon photolysis of sulfates for photoluminescent sulfur quantum dots
Authors: Wei Shuxian , Huang Hao , He Ningning , Hu Taiping , Huang Jijun , Cai Yunyu , Ye Yixing , Li Pengfei , Lei Xueling , Liang Changhao
Published: October 2024

Sulfate ions undergo two-photon photolysis to yield sulfur elements, which further self-assemble into valuable sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) directly through laser irradiation in liquid (LIL).
Tailoring the adsorption properties of imidazole-based halogen bonded organic frameworks for anionic dye removal
Authors: Wang Shumeng , Dong Hongqiang , Gong Guanfei , Lin Siyi , Zhao Jiahao , Tian Zhennan , Lu Ya , Bai Xuguan , Zhang Meimei , Wang Lu , Zhang Kang-Da , Chen Shigui
Published: October 2024

A novel class of [N⋯I⋯N]+ halogen-bonded XOFs were synthesized using imidazole ligands. XOF-TIB showed strong adsorption capacity and selectivity for anionic dyes, with excellent stability and reusability for environmental remediation.
Possible formation of H2 hydrates in different nanotubes and surfaces using molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Abbaspour Mohsen , Akbarzadeh Hamed , Salemi Sirous , Mazloomi-Moghadam Somayeh , Yousefi Parnian
Published: October 2024

According to the RDF results, the BN nanotube and the graphene surfaces are proper systems to form more ordered H2 hydrate structures.
Reductive quenching of photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)3]2+ reveals the inhomogeneous distribution of sites in PAN polymer nanofibers for light-driven redox catalysis
Authors: Stepping Svea M. , Vashistha Nikita , Ullah Sana , Liu Poting , Anjass Montaha , Dietzek-Ivanšić Benjamin
Published: October 2024

The integration of molecular photocatalysts into redox-inert polymers constitutes a path towards photocatalytically active, lightweight materials while providing a distribution of microenvironments.
P-Sulfonatocalix[4]arene turns peptide aggregates into an efficient cell-penetrating peptide
Authors: Heydari Mahsima , Salehi Najmeh , Zadmard Reza , Nau Werner M. , Khajeh Khosro , Azizi Zahra , Norouzy Amir
Published: October 2024

A novel cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) called FAM-Y4R4, with FAM as a fluorescent probe, was developed.
Pressure induced emission enhancement (PIEE) in solid-state 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylthiophene: a QM/MM study
Authors: Gu Yarong
Published: October 2024

Organic fluorophores exhibit pressure-dependent behaviors that are often irregular and contingent upon the specific system. Elucidating how pressure influences these behaviors is essential for the accurate design of piezochromic materials.
Deciphering intersystem crossing and energy transfer mechanisms in a nonacoordinated ternary europium(iii) complex: a combined spectroscopic and theoretical study
Authors: Al-Sharji Houda , Ilmi Rashid , Oliveira Willyan F. , Al-Saadi Balqees S. , Dutra José D. L. , Abou-Zied Osama K. , Raithby Paul R. , Khan Muhammad S.
Published: October 2024

Utilizing pump-probe ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy in tandem with TD-DFT and LUMPAC, we shed light on the intricate photophysical events occurring in the vicinity of the ligands in a [Eu(hfaa)3(Ph-TerPyr)] complex.
Two in one: merging photoactivated chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy to fight cancer
Authors: Kuznetsov Kirill M. , Cariou Kevin , Gasser Gilles
Published: October 2024

Combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) into one single compound allows to achieve more efficient light-induced therapy.
A simplified and efficient extracellular vesicle-based proteomics strategy for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Jin , Gao Zhaoya , Xiao Weidi , Jin Ningxin , Zeng Jiaming , Wang Fengzhang , Jin Xiaowei , Dong Liguang , Lin Jian , Gu Jin , Wang Chu
Published: October 2024

Our study introduces a streamlined EV-based proteomics strategy for early CRC diagnosis, overcoming technical barriers for practical clinical application.
A self-sensing omnidirectional pendulum harvester for smart oceans
Authors: Zhao Jie , Zhang Zutao , Zeng Lei , Liu Weizhen , Zhou Jianhong , Li Yingjie , Hu Yongli , Wu Xiaoping , Yuan Yanping
Published: October 2024

We propose a wave energy harvester based on a spherical gear mechanism, which can convert the collected wave energy, after being integrated by a series of mechanical mechanisms, into electrical energy and power various offshore electrical devices.
Correction: Enhancing organic solar cell lifetime through humidity control using BCF in PM6 : Y6 active layers
Authors: Pacheco Kaike , Araújo Souza João Paulo , Koehler Marlus , Jayaraman Eswaran , Martos Daniel Garcia , Turkovic Vida , Madsen Morten , Roman Lucimara Stolz
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘Enhancing organic solar cell lifetime through humidity control using BCF in PM6 : Y6 active layers’ by Kaike Pacheco et al., Sustainable Energy Fuels, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4SE00598H.
A–π–A type quasi-macromolecular acceptors with molecular conjugation length control strategy for high-performance organic solar cells
Authors: He Siqing , Xiang Changhao , Liu Wei , Liang Songting , Zhang Rui , Chen Weikun , Zhao Bin , Yuan Jun , Zou Yingping
Published: October 2024

Utilizing a molecular conjugation length control strategy to modify A–π–A type quasi-macromolecule acceptors. An optimal π-bridge length results in an upshifted LUMO level and favorable nanoscale phase separation.
A guanidiniocarbonyl-pyrrole functionalized cucurbit[7]uril derivative as a cytomembrane disruptor for synergistic antibacterial therapy
Authors: Han Ruixue , Du Kehan , Li Shengke , Zuo Minzan , Jeyakkumar Ponmani , Jiang Hao , Wang Leyong , Hu Xiao-Yu
Published: October 2024

A guanidiniocarbonyl-pyrrole functionalized cucurbit[7]uril derivative as a cytomembrane disruptor has been successfully constructed for synergistic antibacterial therapy.
Stimuli-triggered modulation of solid-state excimer emission in push–pull cyanovinylene dyes
Authors: Keum Dongho , Cho Siyoung , Bouffard Jean , Kim Youngmi
Published: October 2024

A series of cyanovinylene dyes (CVn) with varying alkoxy chain lengths exhibits distinct solid-state emission properties. Notably, CV8 achieves stimuli-triggered switching between two emissive states via the controlled formation of emissive excimers.
Electrodeposition of 2D layered tungsten diselenide thin films using a single source precursor
Authors: Thomas Shibin , Greenacre Victoria K. , Zhang Jiapei , Zhelev Nikolay , Ramadan Sami , Han Yisong , Beanland Richard , Abdelazim Nema M. , Noori Yasir J. , de Groot Kees , Reid Gillian , Bartlett Philip N
Published: October 2024

We report the electrodeposition of WSe2 thin films using a single source precursor (WSeCl4) and its 2D anisotropic growth from a microfabricated TiN nanoband electrode across an insulator, allowing direct electrical characterization.
Metallopolymer-based block copolymers for perfluorinated substances (PFAS) and ion removal
Authors: Rittner Till , Pusse Sebastian , Boßmann Blandine , Staudt Kevin , Haben Aaron , Kautenburger Ralf , Beck Horst P. , Gallei Markus
Published: October 2024

Porous metallopolymer membranes are prepared via the self-assembly and non-solvent-induced phase separation (SNIPS) process. These membranes efficiently remove (transition)metal ions and perfluorinated organic substances from the water phase.
Enhanced stochastic coding framework for discriminating faults and cyber incidents in hybrid systems
Authors: Badr Mustafa , Talebi Heidar Ali , Khosravi Mohammad A.
Published: October 2024

This article presents an innovative approach for distinguishing replay attacks from faults in hybrid systems. To develop the idea at first, a novel technique for replay attack detection, which differentiates it from typical system faults, is introduced. This is achieved through a tactical combination of stochastic coding and a window‐based comparison mechanism, setting a new standard in hybrid system security. In the realm of fault detection, robust L2‐L∞ adaptive observers are employed for precise mode detection, allowing for an accurate assessment of the system's operational state. Additionally, robust H∞ Sliding Mode Observers are utilized to identify abnormal behaviours in the system's output, further solidifying the fault detection capabilities. A significant enhancement in the proposed approach is the integration of a Luenberger observer with the Butterworth low‐pass filter. This novel addition not only refines the filtering process but also contributes to the overall reliability and accuracy of the system. The efficiency and versatility of these methods are demonstrated through their application to a four‐tank hybrid system. This practical simulation showcases the adaptability of the approach to real‐world scenarios, highlighting its potential in diverse applications within the field of hybrid systems.