bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in the Association between Liver Fibrosis and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Cardioembolic Stroke Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Yang Lei , Gao Ke , Yao Xin-Ye , Tang Yong-lan , Yang Wan-Ying , Huang Xiao-Rui , Gao Ya-jie , Zheng Xiao-Pu
Published: April 2021

Background: Liver cirrhosis is a confirmed risk factor for clinical outcomes of stroke patients. However, the contribution of liver fibrosis to cardioembolic stroke (CES) and its short-term outcomes are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between liver fibrosis and short-term clinical outcomes of acute CES patients, due to nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), as well as the impacts of sex on the association. Methods: Using data of 522 patients with NVAF admitted within 48 hours after acute symptom of CES onset. We calculated Fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4) and defined liver fibrosis as: likely advanced fibrosis (FIB-4>3.25), indeterminate (FIB-4, 1.45-3.25), unlikely advanced fibrosis (FIB-4<1.45). We investigated the impact of liver fibrosis degree on stroke severity, major disability at discharge and all cause death at 90 days stratified by sex. Results: Among 522 acute CES patients with NVAF, the mean FIB-4 on admission reflected intermediate fibrosis with largely normal liver enzymes. After adjusting for all confounders, multivariate analyses revealed that likely advanced liver fibrosis was associated with severe stroke (OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.04-3.54), major disability at discharge (OR=4.59, 95% CI: 1.88-11.18), and 90-days mortality (HR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.10-1.56). Further grouped by sex, these associations were stronger in males but not significant in females.Conclusions: In patients with largely normal liver enzyme, likely advanced liver fibrosis is associated with severe stroke, major disability and all cause death after acute CES due to NVAF, and the association unfolded more obvious in males, but not for females.
SLAMMING IMPACT ACCELERATIONS ANALYSIS ON SMALL HIGH SPEED PASSENGER CRAFTS
Authors:   Marine Technology Center, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia, Abd Samad Faisal Ikram , Mohd Yusop Mohd Yuzri , Shaharuddin Nik Mohd Ridzuan , Ismail Nasrudin , Yaakob Omar Bin ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia,   Malaysian Institute of Marine Engineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 32200 Lumut, Perak, Malaysia
Published: April 2021

Small high speed passenger crafts (HSC) are commonly known for their poor seakeeping qualities. These crafts are frequently exposed to large slamming impacts and these repetitive shocks may pose danger to passengers’ safety and health. In Malaysia, small high speed passenger crafts having lengths between 7 to 9 meters are mainly used to transport tourists between popular island destinations. Evaluation on impact and vibration for this type of craft was conducted by using accelerometers attached to several locations on craft’s deck. The test was conducted at speeds ranged between 20 to 30 knots and the highest peak accelerations were recorded. The highest acceleration record during the sea trial was recorded at 4.22 g and the average acceleration measure is 2.20 g. Apart from this test, evaluation on effectiveness of the current foam seat typically used in this craft were evaluated using Dynamic Response Index (DRI) and results have shown that the seat is less efficient when impact reaches more than 1g at speeds of more than 20 knots. It is concluded that safety measures such as the use of more efficient suspension seat and limiting the operational speed need to be taken into consideration.
Cultivation of Caenorhabditis elegans on new cheap monoxenic media without peptone
Authors: Le Tho Son , Nguyen T. T. Hang , Thi Mai Huong Bui , Nguyen H. Gam , Ha B. Hong , Nguyen Van Sang , Nguyen Minh Hung , Nguyen Huy-Hoang , Wang John
Published: April 2021

The study of species biodiversity within the Caenorhabditis genus of nematodes would be facilitated by the isolation of as many species as possible. So far, over 50 species have been found, usually associated with decaying vegetation or soil samples, with many from Africa, South America and Southeast Asia. Scientists based in these regions can contribute to Caenorhabditis sampling and their proximity would allow intensive sampling, which would be useful for understanding the natural history of these species. However, severely limited research budgets are often a constraint for these local scientists. In this study, we aimed to find a more economical, alternative growth media to rear Caenorhabditis and related species. We tested 25 media permutations using cheaper substitutes for the reagents found in the standard nematode growth media (NGM) and found three media combinations that performed comparably to NGM with respect to the reproduction and longevity of C. elegans. These new media should facilitate the isolation and characterization of Caenorhabditis and other free-living nematodes for the researchers in the poorer regions such as Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia where nematode diversity appears high.
Reproduction of Meloidogyne arenaria race 2 on Flue-cured tobacco possessing resistance genes Rk1 and/or Rk2
Authors: Adamo Noah , Johnson Charles S. , Reed T. David , Eisenback Jonathan D.
Published: April 2021

Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita races 1 and 3 and race 1 of M. arenaria is imparted to flue-cured tobacco by the gene Rk1. Meloidogyne arenaria race 2 is not controlled by Rk1 and has become prevalent in Virginia. A second form of resistance effective against M. javanica, Rk2, is also increasingly available commercially. Greenhouse and field trials including a root-knot susceptible cultivar, cultivars homozygous for Rk1 or Rk2, and cultivars possessing both genes were conducted in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the effect of Rk1 and/or Rk2 on parasitism and reproduction of M. arenaria race 2. Plants were inoculated with 5,000 M. arenaria race 2 eggs in the greenhouse or infested by a native nematode population in the field. Data were collected after 28 days (greenhouse) or every 3 weeks following transplant until 18 weeks in the field and included root galling index, nematodes present in roots, egg mass numbers, and egg counts; reproductive indices were also calculated. We found that the combination of Rk1 and Rk2 provides greater resistance to M. arenaria race 2 than either gene alone. While the effect of either gene alone was inconsistent, we did observe some significant reductions in galling and reproduction associated with each gene relative to the susceptible control.
Biological Water Quality Indices Performance Based on Aquatic Insects in Recreational Rivers
Authors:   School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Pulau Pinang, Malaysia, Jumaat Ahmad Hadri , Abdul Hamid Suhaila ,   School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Published: April 2021

Abundance and distribution of aquatic insects respecting to several water chemical parameters from six rivers were studied in order to determine the performance of biological index in monitoring the water quality. A total of 960 individuals of aquatic insects from nine orders were recorded using kick and drag sampling techniques. Lubok Semilang had the greatest number of aquatic insects with 250 individuals, followed by Telaga Tujuh (181 individuals) and Sungai Durian Perangin (171 individuals). EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) order were the most dominant order recorded in all six rivers. Lata Kekabu had more diverse and richer aquatic insect assemblages based on ecological indices compared to the other five rivers. In order to evaluate the water quality of recreational rivers in Malaysia, Family Biotic Index (FBI), Malaysian Family Biotic Index (MFBI) and Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) were used and compared with Water Quality Index to determine the water quality at the study areas. Results demonstrated that the biotic indices were more sensitive towards changes in water parameters than the WQI. Among all the biological indices, MFBI was the most suitable index to be adopted in Malaysian river water assessment as it is more reliable in assessing the status of water quality.
EFFET DE LIRRADIATION PAR DES PARTICULES CHARGEES SUR LE COEFFICIENT DE DIFFUSION DE LA BASE DUNE PHOTOPILE AU SILICIUM (N+-P-P+) :DETERMINATION DE LEPAISSEUR OPTIMUM SOUS ECLAIREMENT MONOCHROMATIQUE
Authors:   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Sarr Mor , Gaye Idrissa ,   Ufrset/ University of Thies, Senegal., Ababacar Ndiaye Seydi ,   Laboratoire de Physique de lAtmosphere et de lOcean-SimeonFongang. Ecole Superieure polytechnique, BP. 5085. UCAD, Dakar Fann., Lamine BA Mamadou ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Diop Gora ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Diatta Ibrahima ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal., Habiboullah Lemrabott ,   Ecole Superieure Polytechnique de Nouakchott, departement Genie Electrique, Mauritanie., Sissoko Gregoire ,   Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy, Physics Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal.
Published: April 2021

Linfluence de lirradiation de particules chargees (helium, electrons, protons, ions lourds, etc.) sur une photopile au silicium n+-p-p+ sous eclairement dune lumiere monochromatique est consideree dans la determination de lepaisseur optimum de la base. Des expressions de la vitesse de recombinaison a la face arriere (Sb1 intrinseque et Sb2 dependante de labsorption de la lumiere) sont comparees graphiquement, donnant les epaisseurs optimales necessaires pour lelaboration de photopilesau silicium devant fonctionner dans des cas de flux denergie dirradiation.
Biological role of zonulin: a biomarker of increased intestinal permeability syndrome
Authors: Khavkin A. I. , Bogdanova N. M. , Novikova V. P.
Published: April 2021

.Both changes in diet and pathological conditions caused by an infectious agent, allergic or autoimmune inflammatory process, affect the biological rhythms of the digestive tract, which negatively affects the intestinal microbiota and increases the permeability of the intestinal mucosa. The altered microbiota potentiates inflammation and causes a “vicious circle”. The zonulin protein is the agent that modulates the density of intercellular connections. The review presents data on the biological role of zonulin, correction of its synthesis violation with the help of functional products for baby food.
Features of the cardiovascular system of fetuses and newborns after intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion
Authors: Zelyanina Е. A. , Khoroshkeeva O. V. , Kostyukov K. V. , Gasanova R. M. , Belousov D. M. , Bystrykh O. A. , Tetruashvili N. K. , Bokeriya E. L
Published: April 2021

Intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion is an effective and relatively safe treatment method for severe fetal anemia. This technique have been used for more than 30 years already, however, there are no systematic works devoted to the features of the cardiovascular system in fetuses and newborns after intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion. The authors have decided to study this problem and have conducted a prospective trial of fetuses and children (n=34) with hemolytic anemia who underwent intrauterine blood transfusion. To assess the condition of the cardiovascular system, the scientists have carried out an ultrasound examination of the heart, which results have revealed pathological changes: dilatation of the cardiac cavities, myocardial hypertrophy, hydropericardium, cardiomegaly still present in the postnatal period. The scientists have used fetal and neonatal therapy for the patients with these pathologies. In the case of late correction of severe fetal anemia, there was a progressive deterioration in the condition of the fetus and remodeling of the cardiovascular system, which indicates the need for timely diagnosis. Based on the results of the study, the scientists have developed the protocols for ultrasound diagnostics of fetuses and newborns with moderate and severe anemia.
Nilai Konservasi Biodiversitas pada Masyarakat Dayak Kenyah Umo’ Longh Malinau Kalimantan Utara sebagai Etnopedagogi Pembelajaran Biologi
Authors: Utari Findy Riyan Noor , Rusmadi Rusmadi , Achmad Chusnul Adib
Published: April 2021

The inheritance of knowledge of customary forest conservation to children is very important to provide concepts and uses preservation and conservation in the customary forest environment.  This study aims to identify the value of local wisdom in the Dayak Kenyah Umo 'Longh (Tane' Olen) community which is related to the 2013 curriculum on the concept of biodiversity conservation and the implementation of ethno pedagogy used in Biology learning.  This type of research is non-interactive qualitative research or it can be called analytical research.  This research was conducted by an assessment based on document analysis.  The data used in the research is secondary data in the form of evidence, notes, or historical reports that are arranged in archives that are published or not.  Data collection techniques used triangulation of sources and triangulation of time.  The results showed that the local wisdom of the Dayak Kenyah Umo 'Long community has a very important role in managing nature because there are rules in limiting the use of Tane' Olen so that the whole community can get its benefits fairly and sustainably.  The conservation concept that is applied is used as content and teaching material in ethno pedagogy-based learning which will later be able to increase conservation literacy
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik Berbasis Cerita Bergambar Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wati Rani Setiya , Nurlaeli Nurlaeli , Husni Miftahul
Published: April 2021

Abstrak Bahasa IndonesiaPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berbasis cerita bergambar yang valid dan praktis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Reseach and Development, yaitu metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan produk dengan menggunakan prosedur penelitian Tessmer. Prosedur penelitian Tessmer menggunakan 2 tahap, yaitu: tahap preliminary (perencanaan dan pendesainan) dan tahap prototyping menggunakan alur formative evaluation (self evaluation, expert review, one to one, small group, dan field test). Hasil validasi yang dilakukan oleh ahli desain, materi, dan bahasa menunjukkan bahwa lembar kerja peserta didik berbasis cerita bergambar dinyatakan valid. Hasil uji coba kepraktisan tahap one to one memperoleh persentase 97% dengan kategori praktis, dan pada tahap small group memperoleh persentase 100% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Dengan demikian, LKPD berbasis cerita bergambar pada mata pelajaran Matematika Kelas IV SD/ MI adalah valid dan praktis.abstract in englishThis study aims to produce a valid and practical worksheet based on pictorial stories. This research used research and development, namely the research method used to produce products using Tessmer's research procedures. Tessmer's research procedure used 2 stages, namely the preliminary stage (planning and design) and the prototyping stage using the formative evaluation (self-evaluation, expert review, one to one, small group, and field test) flow. The results of validation carried out by design, material, and language experts show that the illustrated story-based student worksheets are declared valid. The results of the one to one stage of the practicality trial obtained a percentage of 97% in the practical category and at the small group stage obtained a percentage of 100% with the very practical category. From the results of this analysis, it can be concluded that worksheet based on pictorial stories in Mathematics for Elementary Education student grade 4 is valid and practical.
Kehidupan Gay dalam Perspektif Interaksionisme Simbolik
Authors: Irawati RM Bayu , Hasyim Nur
Published: April 2021

This study aims to explore gay life in Palembang using a symbolic interactionism perspective. The research applies a symbolic interactionism method to understand the behavior and social interaction of gays in their daily lives. Primary data is obtained through participatory observation and direct interviews using interview guidelines. While secondary data is gathered from many articles about homosexuals such as gay, lesbian, or LGBT. The results showed that first, gays have their own symbols both gesture and other communication types in their social lives such as in family life, intimate relationship, friendship, workplace, and in their neighborhood life. Second, gays define their sexual orientation as natural and consider themselves different from transsexuals since they do not transform their masculine identities.
Komunikasi Agama di Dunia Virtual: Kajian terhadap Fanpage Santrionline
Authors: Setiyawati Anis , Sofian Akhriyadi , Parmudi Mochamad
Published: April 2021

Facebook is one of the social media (socmed) platform that’s famous to people globally. Facebook has a Fanpage that can accommodate limitless friendship. Millenials of santri are also Fanpage users. Fanpage Santrionline is a media used to communicate amongst santri Nusantara. This article based on qualitative research with a descriptive analysis approach. Its research method was virtual ethnography and cyber media analysis. This analysis method consists of four levels: first, media space level, that used by santri to communicate, learn Islam, and do business. Second, the media archive level is an alternative narration to communicate a peaceful message. Third, media object level, media to interactive communication amongst the communities. Fourth, experiential stories, and experience to learn Islam amongst the followers of Fanpage Santrionline.
Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Desa Akibat Penggunaan Sumber Air Bersama Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM)
Authors: Yunita Desi , Nurwati Nunung , Gunawan Wahju
Published: April 2021

The water source in the Perhutani forest area is the main water source for the village community in Sumedang Regency West Java. At present, the same source is also used by the Sumedang Regency water company to meet the water needs of urban communities. This article describes the social changes that have occurred in rural communities as a result of the shared use of water resources from the Perhutani Forest. This article is based on qualitative research with a case study approach. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and questionnaires. It was found that there have been social changes in forest-edge communities. The change is clearly seen in the changing pattern of planting and community agricultural commodities. Furthermore, it was found that changes also occurred in the mode of production (infrastructure) which was marked by the shift of control of the water source to the water company (PDAM), the changes in the mode of production directly affect changes in the structure of the forest village community which is mainly seen from changes in community livelihoods due to changes in agricultural patterns and systems in the community. Changes to the structure can also be seen from the formation of the existing water user structure at the RW level to regulate household water allocation and distribution.
The influence of structural configurations and operating speeds on the sorting arm during high frequency reciprocating operation
Authors: Jiang Xuchu , Zhang Hu , Zhang Biao , Li Ying
Published: April 2021

Under high-frequency reciprocating operation, the dynamics of the sorting arm are different between operating status and standstill status. First of all, the energy of inertial impact and frequency band depend on the actual motion state, which are closely related to the dynamics of the arm structure. Secondly, during the high-frequency reciprocating operation, the positions of sorting arm change, which causes its configurations changes. At the same time, the acceleration and deceleration in each stage of operation are also inconsistent. These factors make the vibration of the sorting arm structure more complicated. Therefore, the dynamics of the sorting arm mechanism must be analyzed under the actual operating conditions. The paper takes the sorting arm of LED chip sorter as the research object, and it is pointed out that the sorting arm structure has the characteristics of multi-mode high-low frequency during operation. However, the structural configurations and operating parameters of the sorting arm are the main influencing factors of its vibration, which have different characteristics of the high-low frequency response. In this paper, the use of sequential sub-section design to determine the configurations and the corresponding time-series during the operation. Through the analysis of multi-mode frequency response of the sorting arm, the characteristics of high-low frequency range corresponding to the two kind of work excitation are obtained. This paper verifies that the dynamics of the sorting arm are affected by the excitation of structural configurations and the excitation of operating speed during high-speed operation. The laws of high-low frequency response of the sorting arm under different operation parameters and configurations are found out, which provides guidance for the vibration suppression of the sorting arm under operation.
FORECASTING ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION OF THE ENTERPRISE USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: Kassem Sameh A. , EBRAHIM Abdulla H. A. , Khasan Abdulla M. , Logacheva Alla G.
Published: April 2021

Energy consumption has increased dramatically over the past century due to many factors, including both technological, social and economic factors. Therefore, predicting energy consumption is of great importance for many parameters, including planning, management, optimization and conservation. Data-driven models for predicting energy consumption have grown significantly over the past several decades due to their improved performance, reliability, and ease of deployment. Artificial neural networks are among the most popular data-driven approaches among the many different types of models today.
This article discusses the possibility of using artificial neural networks for medium-term forecasting of the power consumption of an enterprise. The task of constructing an artificial neural network using a feedback algorithm for training a network based on the Matlab mathematical package has been implemented.
The authors have analyzed such characteristics as parameter setting, implementation complexity, learning rate, convergence of the result, forecasting accuracy, and stability. The results obtained led to the conclusion that the feedback algorithm is well suited for medium-term forecasting of power consumption.
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF HIGHLY POLAR LIQUID CRYSTAL DIELECTRIC POLARIZATION
Authors: Mallaboev Umardjon M. , Novoselov Victor I. , Zaitseva Olga S.
Published: April 2021

This article studies the dielectric constants of the nematic ε, ε, and isotropic εis phases of a highly polar liquid crystal of 4-cyanophenyl ether of 4′-n-octyloxybenzoic acid in the megahertz range of electric field frequencies (105-108) Hz, as well as the anisotropy of the dielectric constant Δε = ε − ε. The authors have revealed the relaxation processes and mechanisms responsible for them. In addition, they calculated the relaxation times, dipole polarization activation energy, and deceleration parameters in the nematic phase.
The design of a measuring cell is presented, which allows studying the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal at various orientations of the director (provided by the magnetic field) relative to an alternating electric field with small volumes of matter.
The results show that the dispersion of the dielectric constant in the investigated frequency range of the electric field is characterized by two relaxation processes with τ ~3 ∙ 10−8 s and (τ)в ~ 1,5 ∙ 10−9 s. The dispersion mechanisms are due to the rotation of polar molecules about their short and long axes respectively. The dispersion of the dielectric constant corresponds to the spectrum of relaxation times. The dispersion mechanisms are associated with two relaxation processes: the precession of molecules along a cone within the spatial angle allowed by the value of the order parameter of the liquid crystal S < 1, and the rotation of molecules around the longitudinal axes. The relaxation times corresponding to these mechanisms are commensurate with each other. The dispersion of the dielectric constant in the isotropic phase is characterized by a relaxation process with τis ~ 6 ∙ 10−9 s. The dispersion mechanism is due to the rotation of molecules around short axes.
TOWARDS THE PRESENCE OF REGULARITIES BETWEEN THE FUNCTION OF INTERFACIAL INTERACTION AND THE FILTRATION CAPACITY PROPERTIES
Authors: STEPANOV Sergey V. , SHABAROV Alexander B.
Published: April 2021

This paper discusses the results of identifying possible regularities between the parameters describing the function of interfacial interaction and filtration capacity properties of rocks. The studies have employed real laboratory data, forming four clusters. The capillary pressure curve data and relative phase permeability data were obtained on the same core samples.
The authors describe the factors determining the interphase interaction during multiphase fluid flow in a porous medium. On this basis, a method for calculating discrete values of the interfacial interaction function based on the results of laboratory studies of relative phase permeability is proposed. For the approximation of the interfacial interaction function, the four-parametric formula following from derivative of Buckley — Leverett function at assignment of relative phase permeability functions by means of Corey functions is substantiated.
The authors suggest two variants of interphase interaction function formulation. They prove that for the first variant, there is a stable dependence only for one parameter, and for the second variant — with three parameters. Thus, one of the parameters in all cases has appeared close to one.
The results show that the error of the detected dependencies on the deviation of the parameters has a linear dependence, and for both variants of the interfacial interaction function, the ranking of the parameters is different according to their influence on the error. Using a test sample, the authors show that the dependencies obtained allow determining the parameters of the interphase interaction function with an acceptable error.
Biometria de sementes e frutos de Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz
Authors: Marília Gabriela Caldas Pinto  , Maílson Pereira De Souza  , Sebastiana Renata Vilela Azevedo  , Jacob Silva Souto  , Ane Cristiane Fortes da Silva
Published: April 2021

Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar as características biométricas de frutos maduros e sementes de Poincianella pyramidalis (Tul.) L.P.Queiroz. A pesquisa foi realizada no Laboratório de Nutrição Mineral de Plantas (UAEF/CSTR/UFCG), Patos (PB). Foram utilizados 200 frutos e 200 sementes provenientes de matrizes de Boa Ventura (PB). Para cada característica, calcularam-se a média, o máximo, o mínimo, a mediana, a variância, o desvio padrão e o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. Os frutos apresentam alta variação no tamanho e no número de sementes, com média de 74,25 mm de comprimento, 2,76 mm de espessura e 19,76 mm de largura e três sementes por fruto. As sementes evidenciaram pequena variação no tamanho, tendo, em média, 2,01 mm de espessura, 11,36 mm de comprimento e 8,60 mm de largura. A massa média de 100 sementes foi de 13,37 g, e o volume de 100 sementes foi de 10,50 cm3 . As correlações comprimento e largura do fruto e largura e número de sementes por fruto tiveram baixa associação (rS = 0,407 e rS = 0,233, respectivamente). A correlação entre a variável comprimento do fruto e número de sementes foi positiva e significativa (0,486; p<0,05), indicando que, quanto maior o tamanho do fruto, maior o número de sementes.
DESIGN DE UTENSÍLIOS CERÂMICOS PARA O CHIMARRÃO
Authors: Bianca Marina Giordani  , Marilzete Basso do Nascimento
Published: April 2021

Esta publicação destina-se a apresentar um projeto de design voltado à concepção de peças cerâmicas para o chimarrão. O desenvolvimento partiu da compreensão de aspectos como a história e os elementos relacionados ao chimarrão, aparatos e seu modo de funcionamento, materiais cerâmicos e particularidades do processo de fabricação. Métodos de design foram utilizados para guiar o processo. Com base em pesquisas, foi possível chegar aos requisitos de projeto e ao conceito dos produtos, possibilitando a geração de alternativas e a avaliação das opções. O resultado foi um conjunto de utilitários cerâmicos para o chimarrão com estética contemporânea. O protótipo de um dos produtos, a cuia, foi confeccionado por meio do processo cerâmico de colagem de barbotina, aliado à manufatura aditiva. Posteriormente, o produto foi submetido a testes com usuários reais que demonstraram satisfação em sua utilização, mas também indicaram a necessidade de melhorias e refinamentos no produto.
A RELAÇÃO ENTRE SUJEITO E AMBIENTE NA PERSPECTIVA HISTÓRICA DA SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: André Weber  , Eduardo Sendtko
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir as intersecções com relação à influência que o ambiente proporciona aos usuários do serviço de saúde mental. Para isso, a retomada histórica de como a medicina se apropriou do hospital, passando pela instituição dos manicômios, até a reforma psiquiátrica realizada no Brasil, recebe o enfoque para debater a influência do ambiente/espaço físico no trabalho com o usuário. Com isso, a abordagem das construções teóricas que se dão na relação do ambiente com o sujeito torna-se outro tópico necessário para que se traga a importância dessa relação na saúde mental. Os conceitos são buscados na interdisciplinaridade, atrelando as questões da saúde mental do sujeito com o modo como o ambiente influencia nela. Concluise que há uma fundamental importância em pensar o ambiente/espaço físico nas instituições da rede de atenção em saúde mental.
Radiomic and Genomic Machine Learning Method Performance for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Systematic Literature Review (Preprint)
Authors: Castaldo Rossana , Cavaliere Carlo , Soricelli Andrea , Salvatore Marco , Pecchia Leandro , Franzese Monica
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Machine learning algorithms have been drawing attention at the joining of pathology and radiology in prostate cancer research. However, due to their algorithmic learning complexity and the variability of their architecture, there is an ongoing need to analyze their performance.

OBJECTIVE

This study assesses the source of heterogeneity and the performance of machine learning applied to radiomic, genomic, and clinical biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. One research focus of this study was on clearly identifying problems and issues related to the implementation of machine learning in clinical studies.

METHODS

Following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol, 816 titles were identified from the PubMed, Scopus, and OvidSP databases. Studies that used machine learning to detect prostate cancer and provided performance measures were included in our analysis. The quality of the eligible studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 (quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies–version 2) tool. The hierarchical multivariate model was applied to the pooled data in a meta-analysis. To investigate the heterogeneity among studies, I2 statistics were performed along with visual evaluation of coupled forest plots. Due to the internal heterogeneity among machine learning algorithms, subgroup analysis was carried out to investigate the diagnostic capability of machine learning systems in clinical practice.

RESULTS

In the final analysis, 37 studies were included, of which 29 entered the meta-analysis pooling. The analysis of machine learning methods to detect prostate cancer reveals the limited usage of the methods and the lack of standards that hinder the implementation of machine learning in clinical applications.

CONCLUSIONS

The performance of machine learning for diagnosis of prostate cancer was considered satisfactory for several studies investigating the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and urine biomarkers; however, given the limitations indicated in our study, further studies are warranted to extend the potential use of machine learning to clinical settings. Recommendations on the use of machine learning techniques were also provided to help researchers to design robust studies to facilitate evidence generation from the use of radiomic and genomic biomarkers.
An innovative mobile application for gestational diabetes health education during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Feng Guanrui , Huang Dexia , Huang Fengqiu , Chen Qian , Gan Juan , Zhang Suhan , Huang Feiling , Liu Nana , Lin Hang , Li Yongji , Ma Liangkun , Ming Wai-Kit
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

In the integrated management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), health education plays an important role and directly affects patients’ blood glucose level control, pregnancy, and neonatal outcome. The rapid growth of the Internet has ushered in an era of big data and the rational use of the Internet. We developed an innovative mobile application (app) combining a teaching model of the flipped classroom and GDM management, which allows pregnant women to learn about and help prevent GDM. This app can overcome the treatment barriers for those patients that cannot go to the hospital, enhance health promotion efforts, and improve GDM management.
The complication of cyber manhunt: How cyber manhunt further complicated the ethical conflict between breaching the confidentiality and endangering the society in face of the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Yen-Chang , Chen Yen-Yuan
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

While health care and public health workers are working on measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an unprecedentedly large number of people spending much more time indoors, and relying heavily on the Internet as their lifeline. What has been overlooked is the influence of the increasing online activities on public health issues. In this article, we pointed out how a large-scale online activity called cyber manhunt may threaten to offset the efficacy of contact tracing investigation, a public health intervention considered highly effective in limiting further transmission in the early stage of a highly contagious disease outbreak such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In the first section, we presented a case to show how personal information obtained from contact investigation and disclosed in part on the media provoked a vehement cyber manhunt. We then discussed the possible reasons why netizens collaborate to reveal anonymized personal information about contact investigation, and specify, from the perspective of public health and public health ethics, four problems of cyber manhunt, including the lack of legitimate public health goals, the concerns about privacy breach, the impact of misinformation, and social inequality. Based on our analysis, we concluded that more moral weight may be given to protecting one's confidentiality, especially in an era with the rapid advance of digital and information technologies.
Internet Search Results for Older Adult Physical Activity Guidelines: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Harden Samantha M , Murphy Anna , Ratliff Kathryn , Balis Laura E
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Older adults seek health-related information through casual internet searches. Yet, researchers focus on peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations as primary dissemination strategies. Representatives of mass media are alerted (passive diffusion) of new studies or recommendations, but the veracity of the information shared is not often analyzed, and when it is, the analysis is often not comprehensive. However, most older adults do not have access to peer-reviewed journal articles or paid subscription services for more reputable media outlets.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine what information was readily available (ie, open access) to older adults who may casually search the internet for physical activity recommendations.

METHODS

We performed a 6-part scoping review to determine the research question and available evidence, and extract data within open-access top hits using popular online search engines. Results were categorized by a dissemination model that has categories of sources, channels, audience, and messages.

RESULTS

After the iterative search process, 92 unique articles were included and coded. Only 5 (5%) cited physical activity guidelines, and most were coded as promoting healthy aging (82/92, 89%) and positive framing (84/92, 91%). Most articles were posed as educational, but the authors’ credentials were rarely reported (ie, 22% of the time). Muscle strengthening and balance components of the physical activity guidelines for older adults were rarely reported (72/92, 78% and 80/92, 87%, respectively) or inaccurately reported (3/92, 3% and 3/92, 3%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Inconsistent messages lead to mistrust of science and public health representatives. This work highlights the lack of evidence within existing open-access resources. Further efforts are needed to ensure evidence-based public health messages are in the sources and channels older adults are using to inform their knowledge and behaviors.
An Open-Source, Standard-Compliant, and Mobile Electronic Data Capture System for Medical Research (OpenEDC): Design and Evaluation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Greulich Leonard , Hegselmann Stefan , Dugas Martin
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Medical research and machine learning for health care depend on high-quality data. Electronic data capture (EDC) systems have been widely adopted for metadata-driven digital data collection. However, many systems use proprietary and incompatible formats that inhibit clinical data exchange and metadata reuse. In addition, the configuration and financial requirements of typical EDC systems frequently prevent small-scale studies from benefiting from their inherent advantages.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to develop and publish an open-source EDC system that addresses these issues. We aim to plan a system that is applicable to a wide range of research projects.

METHODS

We conducted a literature-based requirements analysis to identify the academic and regulatory demands for digital data collection. After designing and implementing OpenEDC, we performed a usability evaluation to obtain feedback from users.

RESULTS

We identified 20 frequently stated requirements for EDC. According to the International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC) 25010 norm, we categorized the requirements into functional suitability, availability, compatibility, usability, and security. We developed OpenEDC based on the regulatory-compliant Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium Operational Data Model (CDISC ODM) standard. Mobile device support enables the collection of patient-reported outcomes. OpenEDC is publicly available and released under the MIT open-source license.

CONCLUSIONS

Adopting an established standard without modifications supports metadata reuse and clinical data exchange, but it limits item layouts. OpenEDC is a stand-alone web app that can be used without a setup or configuration. This should foster compatibility between medical research and open science. OpenEDC is targeted at observational and translational research studies by clinicians.
Adapting Chinese Qigong Mind-Body Exercise for Healthy Aging in Older Community-Dwelling Low-income Latino Adults: Pilot Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yin Zenong , Martinez Cristina E , Li Shiyu , Martinez Martha , Peng Kezhi , Land William M , Ullevig Sarah L , Cantu Adelita , Falk Sharon , Hernández Arthur E , Ortega Catherine , Parra-Medina Deborah , Simmonds Maureen J
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Research translating the evidence for the benefit of mind-body exercise in older Latinos with limited access to community-based healthy aging programs is sparse.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of Function Improvement Exercises for Older Sedentary Community-Dwelling Latino Residents (FITxOlder), a Community Health Worker (CHW)-led, mobile technology-facilitated Chinese Qigong mind-body exercise program for healthy aging and to explore its impact on physical and cognitive function and quality of life (QoL) in older community-dwelling low-income Latino adults.

METHODS

This study was designed as a Stage 1 feasibility study to develop and pilot-test FITxOlder. In Phase 1 (Stage 1A), a working group of seniors, CHWs, and senior center staff guided the adaptation of Chinese Qigong into a healthy aging program. In Phase 2 (Stage 1B), 49 older Latino adults participated in a 3-arm controlled study to test the feasibility and preliminary effect of CHW-led FITxOlder on physical and cognitive function and QoL measures over 16 weeks.

RESULTS

Although the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the implementation of the study protocol, we found favorable results regarding participant recruitment, retention, and fidelity of implementation. Notable findings included an 89.3% participant retention, 79.4% of the participants completed at least 70% of the weekly exercise goal, and no report of adverse events. The effects on intervention outcome measures were modest.

CONCLUSIONS

FITxOlder is feasible for promoting healthy aging in older Latino adults; future research needs to compare its feasibility with other low-impact exercise programs for healthy aging using a randomized controlled trial.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04284137; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04284137
Predicting Prolonged Apnea During Nurse-Administered Procedural Sedation: Machine Learning Study (Preprint)
Authors: Conway Aaron , Jungquist Carla R , Chang Kristina , Kamboj Navpreet , Sutherland Joanna , Mafeld Sebastian , Parotto Matteo
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Capnography is commonly used for nurse-administered procedural sedation. Distinguishing between capnography waveform abnormalities that signal the need for clinical intervention for an event and those that do not indicate the need for intervention is essential for the successful implementation of this technology into practice. It is possible that capnography alarm management may be improved by using machine learning to create a “smart alarm” that can alert clinicians to apneic events that are predicted to be prolonged.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the accuracy of machine learning models for predicting at the 15-second time point if apnea will be prolonged (ie, apnea that persists for >30 seconds).

METHODS

A secondary analysis of an observational study was conducted. We selected several candidate models to evaluate, including a random forest model, generalized linear model (logistic regression), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, ridge regression, and the XGBoost model. Out-of-sample accuracy of the models was calculated using 10-fold cross-validation. The net benefit decision analytic measure was used to assist with deciding whether using the models in practice would lead to better outcomes on average than using the current default capnography alarm management strategies. The default strategies are the aggressive approach, in which an alarm is triggered after brief periods of apnea (typically 15 seconds) and the conservative approach, in which an alarm is triggered for only prolonged periods of apnea (typically >30 seconds).

RESULTS

A total of 384 apneic events longer than 15 seconds were observed in 61 of the 102 patients (59.8%) who participated in the observational study. Nearly half of the apneic events (180/384, 46.9%) were prolonged. The random forest model performed the best in terms of discrimination (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.66) and calibration. The net benefit associated with the random forest model exceeded that associated with the aggressive strategy but was lower than that associated with the conservative strategy.

CONCLUSIONS

Decision curve analysis indicated that using a random forest model would lead to a better outcome for capnography alarm management than using an aggressive strategy in which alarms are triggered after 15 seconds of apnea. The model would not be superior to the conservative strategy in which alarms are only triggered after 30 seconds.
Adolescent Health on Social Media and the Mentorship of Youth Investigators: Five Content Analysis Studies Conducted by Youth Investigators (Preprint)
Authors: Bushman Maggie , Godishala Shreya , Hyzer Reese , Jerisha Joshua , Jolliff Anna , Kaji Ethan , Kerr Bradley , Mathur Anjali , Tsao Owen
Published: April 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Although the literature on adolescent health includes studies that incorporate youth perspectives via a participatory design, research that is designed, conducted, and presented by youth remains absent. This paper presents the work of 5 youth investigators on the intersecting topics of adolescent health and social media. Each of these youths was equipped with tools, knowledge, and mentorship for scientifically evaluating a research question. The youths developed a research question that aligned with their interests and filled a gap that they identified in the literature. The youths, whose projects are featured in this paper, designed and conducted their own research project, drafted their own manuscript, and revised and resubmitted a draft based on reviewer input. Each youth worked with a research mentor; however, the research questions, study designs, and suggestions for future research were their own.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Evaluation of Some New Curcumin Analogs as Antimalarial Agents
Authors: Astuti Endang , Raharjo Tri Joko , Manalu Putra Boang , Putra Ilham Satria , Waskitha Stephanus Satria , Solin Junita
Published: April 2021

This research involves the synthesis, antimalarial evaluation, and molecular docking of several curcumin analogs. A total of six curcumin analog compounds were synthesized using aldol condensation using hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide catalysts. The synthesized compounds were elucidated using FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and LC-MS/MS. Subsequently, all curcumin analogs were tested as an antimalarial agent against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain, and their mechanism of action was evaluated through a molecular docking study. Six curcumin analogs, i.e. 2,6-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone; 2,6-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclopentanone; 1.5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)penta-1,4-diene-3-one; 2,6-bis(3-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclo-hexanone; 2,6-bis(3-hydroxybenzylidene)cyclopentanone; and 1,5-bis(3-hydroxy-phenyl)penta-1,4-diene-3-one have been successfully synthesized. In addition, 2,6-bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene) cyclopentanone demonstrated the lowest IC50 value and binding affinity of 0.04 µM and -7.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Based on molecular docking studies, this compound also showed the most potent antimalarial activity targeted at PfATP6.