bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH MAZHAB DALAM REGULASI WAKAF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Fakhruddin Fakhruddin
Published: January 2020

Wakaf merupakan salah satu institusi dalam Islam yang memperhatikan kesejahteraan umat. Sebagai negara yang mayoritas penduduknya Muslim, Indonesia mempunyai peluang  besar untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan wakaf. Dengan peluang yang besar ini, pemerintah Indonesia membuat beberapa regulasi untuk mengatur wakaf dalam bentuk Undang-Undang, Peraturan Pemerintah, Kompilasi, Peraturan Menteri Agama, dan Peraturan Badan Wakaf Indonesia. Beberapa regulasi yang telah dibentuk tidak lepas dari pengaruh masyarakat Indonesia yang mayoritas bermadzhab Syafi’i, di samping madzhab Hanafi, Maliki, dan Hanbali. Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang pengaruh madzhab terhadap regulasi wakaf di Indonesia, khususnya Undang-Undang Nomor 41 tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa madzhab Hanafi mempengaruhi Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf sebanyak 78%, madzhab Maliki dan Syafi’i memiliki pengaruh sebesar 100% dan madzhab Hanbali memiliki pengaruh sebanyak 85%. Lebih lanjut, pengaruh madzhab Hanafi terhadap Kompilasi Hukum Islam adalah sebanyak 85%, dan madzhab Maliki, Syafi’i, dan Hanbali masing-masing memiliki pengaruh sebesar 100%.   

Waqf is one of the institutions in Islam that considers the welfare of society. As a predominantly Muslim country, Indonesia has a great opportunity to improve the welfare of society through waqf. With this great opportunity, the Indonesian government made several regulations to manage waqf in the form of laws, government regulations, compilation, regulations of the Minister of Religion, and regulations of the Indonesian Waqf Board. Some of the regulations that have been formed are inseparable from the influence of the majority of Indonesian people as the followers of the Shafi'i’s school of thought, besides the thoughts of Hanafi, Maliki, and Hanbali. This paper examines the influence of school of thought (madzhab) on waqf regulation in Indonesia, specifically in Law Number 41 of 2004 on Endowment and Compilation of Islamic Law. Using a quantitative approach, it can be concluded that the Hanafi’s schools influence Law Number 41 of 2004 on Waqf as much as 78%, the Maliki’s and Shafi'i’s schools have an influence of 100% and the Hanbali schools have an influence of 85%. Furthermore, the influence of the Hanafi’s schools in Islamic Law Compilation was 85%, and each Maliki’s, Shafi'i’s, and Hanbali’s schools had an influence of 100%
MODEL PEMBIAYAAN PENDAFTARAN MEREK BAGI PENGUSAHA KECIL MENENGAH DENGAN MELALUI AKAD BAI’ AL ISTISHNA’
Authors: Hidayah Khoirul
Published: January 2020

Kepemilikan hak merek bagi pelaku usaha kecil menengah (UKM) dalam menghadapi perdagangan bebas sangat diperlukan. Selain sebagai identitas produk, juga dapat menunjukkan kwalitas suatu barang. Merek yang digunakan dalam perdagangan akan mendapatkan perlindungan hukum jika sudah didaftarkan di dirjen HKI. Persoalan sering ditolaknya pendaftaran merek adalah karena kemiripan merek dengan yang sudah terdaftar, tentunya menjadikan pelaku usahaenggan mendaftarakan mereknya. Untuk mengatasi persoalan ini, maka pelalu usaha perlu bantuan jasa konsultan merek untuk melakukan penelusuran merek yang ada sebelumnya dan bisa membantu memperbaiki desain mereknya. Penggunaan jasa konsultan merek di dalam prakteknya biayanya cukup mahal. Pada penulisan ini akan diberikan alternative pembiayaan yang dapat digunakan oleh lembaga keuangan untuk membantu UKM dalam mengatasi masalah lamanyawaktu pengurusan dan mahalnya biaya pendaftaran merek melalui jasa konsultan merek. Merek yang diajukan permohonan pendaftaran tidak serta merta menjadi hak atas merek, namun membutuhkan proses pembuatan merek yang nantinya tidak boleh memiliki kesamaan dengan merek yang sudah terdaftar. Nasabah bisa memesan gambar merek yang sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang diinginkan. Berdasarkan analisis praktek dalam pendaftaran merek dengan menggunakan fatwa DSN MUI tentang jual beli istishna’ , maka model pembiayaan yang kemungkinan dapat digunakan untuk membantupelaku UKM adalah model pembiayaan dengan akad istishna’.
Analisis Faktor Konfirmatori Terhadap Alat Ukur Kesehatan Mental Berdasarkan Teori Dual Model
Authors: Aziz Rahmat , - Zamroni -
Published: January 2020

Abstract. This study aims to test mental health inventory using a dual model theory approach. The subjects were 520 students (179 men and 341 women) in the age of 17-24 years. Confirmatory factor analysis used for testing the construct validity of mental health inventory. There are two aspects tested in the structural equation model (SEM), namely 1) the psychological well-being aspect consists of three factors namely positive emotions, love and satisfaction, and 2) the psychological distress aspect consists of three factors namely anxiety, depression and loss of control. The results showed that the mental health inventory had met the psychometric requirements. In psychological well-being aspects all aspects have a high level of reliability, whereas for psychological distress aspects one aspect has a high category and two aspects have a sufficient category.

 

Keywords: confirmatory factor analysis, mental health, dual model theory

 

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji alat ukur kesehatan mental dengan menggunakan pendekatan teori dual model. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 520 mahasiswa (179 laki-laki dan 341 perempuan) dalam usia 17-24 tahun. Analisis faktor konfirmatori menjadi dasar untuk pengujian validitas konstruk alat ukur kesehatan mental. Ada dua aspek yang diuji dalam model persamaan structural (SEM), yaitu 1) aspek psychological well-being terdiri dari tiga faktor yaitu emosi positif, cinta dan kepuasan, dan 2) aspek psychological distress terdiri dari tiga faktor yaitu cemas, depresi dan kehilangan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa alat ukur kesehatan mental telah memenuhi persyaratan psikometrik. Pada aspek psychological well-being semua aspek mempunyai tingkat reliabiltas yang tinggi, sedangkan untuk aspek psychological distress satu aspek mempunyai kategori tinggi dan dua aspek mempunyai kategori cukup.

 

Kata kunci: analisis faktor konfirmatori, kesehatan mental, teori dual model
La intervención del gobierno en las elecciones de la provincia de Valencia durante la Restauración (1876-1923) = Electoral intervention during the restoration in the Valencia province (1876-1923)
Authors: Martínez Relanzón Alejandro
Published: January 2020

Resumen: Es bien conocido que buena parte de la historiografía española piensa que los comicios de la Restauración no eran más que un simple trámite administrativo donde la élite política gobernante, apoyada por las redes caciquiles a su servicio, se aseguraba el resultado por medio del uso sistemático de procedimientos fraudulentos y corruptos. Sin embargo, estas conclusiones han carecido de un análisis profundo de las fuentes y se han basado más en las críticas al poder establecido que en pruebas fehacientes. La pregunta que se plantea a continuación es la siguiente, ¿realmente los gobiernos de aquella época determinaban con maniobras ilícitas el resultado? En el siguiente artículo se intentará determinar a través de la correspondencia entre los políticos y autoridades involucrados en las elecciones en la provincia de Valencia el alcance de la intervención gubernamental entre 1876 y 1923 en aquel territorio, y por extensión en el resto de España.  Y lo que es más importante, si ésta realmente determinó el resultado o no.Palabras clave: Restauración, intervención gubernamental, elecciones, pucherazo.Abstract: It is well-known that many Spanish historians believe that the elections during the Restoration period were just a mere formality in which results were previously arranged upon by a dominant elite assisted by corrupted local notables. Nevertheless, these conclusions lack an in-depth analysis of the sources and have been based on extreme criticism rather than on strong evidence. The question that arises is this: did the Spanish governments of the time really determine elections through manipulation of the final results? With intensive study of unpublished documents from the archives of the minister of Internal Affairs and local governors in the Valencia province, the author attempts to reopen a debate about whether the governmental intervention determined electoral outcomes in Spain between 1876 and 1923.Keywords: Restoration, governmental intervention, elections, vote-rigging.
Una guerra civil incruenta: la polarización de la prensa y los partidos políticos alrededor de la Gran Guerra en Asturias (1914-1919) = A bloodless civil war: The polarization of the press and political parties around the Great War in Asturias (1914-1919)
Authors: Agudín Menéndez José Luis
Published: January 2020

Resumen: El objetivo de estas páginas es atender el impacto ideológico de la Primera Guerra Mundial en Asturias. Aprovechando una tesitura historiográfica eminentemente favorable en la proliferación de investigaciones sobre la Gran Guerra y la opinión pública al calor del centenario, este artículo aborda un hecho apenas trabajado en la historiografía asturiana. El apoyo documental se cimenta sobre la lectura de publicaciones periódicas como los diarios de gran circulación provinciales (El Carbayón de Oviedo, El Noroeste, El Comercio y El Pueblo Astur de Gijón o La Voz de Avilés) así como, de modo ocasional, rotativos nacionales (El Correo Español, El Siglo Futuro o El Socialista de Madrid). Asimismo se nutre de fuentes literarias y de la consulta de las actas municipales. Son descritos aquí el inicio de la guerra, la llegada de las misiones culturales francesas, la recepción de la guerra submarina y los festejos aliadófilos al final de las hostilidades.Palabras clave: I Guerra Mundial, aliadófilos y germanófilos, historia de la prensa, opinión pública, Melquíades Álvarez, Asturias.Abstract: The purpose of these pages is to attend the ideological impact of the First World War in Asturias. Taking advantage of a favorable historiographical tessitura in the proliferation of investigations on the Great War and the public opinion to the heat of the centenary, this article deals with a fact hardly worked in Asturian historiography. The documentary support is based on the reading of the provincial newspapers (El Carbayón in Oviedo, El Noroeste, El Comercio and El Pueblo Astur in Gijón or La Voz de Avilés) as well as, occasionally, national newspapers (El Correo Español, El Siglo Futuro or El Socialista in Madrid). It also draws on literary sources and the consultation of municipal Minutes Book. A feather flies the beginning of the war, the arrival of cultural missions, the reception of submarine warfare and the allied celebrations at the end of hostilities are described here.Keywords: World War I, pro-allied and Germanophiles, press history, public opinion, Melquíades Álvarez, Asturias.
One hundred years since the "Bolshevik Triennium" (1918-1920): agrarian unionism and collective actions during the Restoration crisis = A cien años del “Trienio Bolchevique” (1918-1920): Sindicalismo agrario y acción colectiva en la crisis de la Restauración
Authors: Sánchez Castillo Adrián
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Agrarian conflicts that erupted from 1918 to 1920 in rural Spain, with an epicentre in Andalusia and namely in the province of Cordoba, went down in history as the "Bolshevik Triennium". This term, coined by Juan Díaz del Moral in his classic Historia de las agitaciones campesinas andaluzas (1929) encompasses a strike offensive led by thousands of day labourers, tenants and small landowners unparalleled in the contemporary history of Spain. This work aims to analyse that conflict as a collective action phenomenon, framing it in the national and international political context, identifying its time, regional and sectoral discontinuity, as well as contributing to the updating of historiography on that topic as we celebrate one hundred years since those events took place.Keywords: Bolshevik Triennium, agrarian unionism, collective action, Restoration, workers' movement, agrarian history.Resumen: La conflictividad agraria desatada entre 1918 y 1920 en el medio rural español, con epicentro en Andalucía y particularmente en la provincia de Córdoba, pasó a la historia bajo la denominación de “Trienio Bolchevique”. Este término, acuñado por Juan Díaz del Moral en su clásico Historia de las agitaciones campesinas andaluzas (1929), engloba una ofensiva huelguística protagonizada por miles de jornaleros, arrendatarios y pequeños campesinos sin precedentes en la historia contemporánea de España. Este trabajo trata de analizarla como fenómeno de acción colectiva, contextualizarla en el marco político nacional e internacional, situar sus discontinuidades temporales, regionales y sectoriales, así como contribuir a la renovación de la historiografía sobre la misma conmemorando el centenario de los acontecimientos.Palabras clave: Trienio Bolchevique, sindicalismo agrario, acción colectiva, Restauración, movimiento obrero, historia agraria.
Ateo Martí un activista anticlerical en la Segunda República (1931-1936) = Ateo Martí, an anticlerical activist in the Second Spanish Republic (1931-1936)
Authors: Ginard Féron David
Published: January 2020

Resumen: El periodista, pequeño empresario y activista social Mateo Martí Miquel “Ateo Martí” (1889-1936) es una de las figuras más significativas del movimiento anticlerical en la España de los años treinta. Nacido en Mallorca, era masón y militó en el republicanismo, el PSOE, y el PCE, formación por la que fue candidato en las elecciones a Cortes de noviembre de 1933. Fundador de la Liga Laica de Mallorca (1930), dirigió la revista La Sotana Roja (1931) y promovió la Liga Atea (1932-33). Durante la Segunda República, protagonizó numerosas polémicas con los poderosos sectores conservadores y clericales de la isla. Su trágico final, tras el golpe de Estado de julio de 1936, es sumamente representativo de la suerte corrida por un gran número de librepensadores españoles del primer tercio del siglo XX.Palabras clave: anticlericalismo, Segunda República, masonería, comunismo, represión franquista.Abstract: The journalist, small entrepreneur and social activist Mateo Martí Miquel "Ateo Martí" (1889-1936) is one of the most significant figures of anticlericalism in the 1930s Spain. Born in Mallorca, he was a freemason and he was active in republicanism, the PSOE and the PCE, for which he was a candidate in the general election in November 1933. Founder of the Laic League of Mallorca (1930), he run the magazine La Sotana Roja (1931) and promoted the Atheist League (1932-33). During the Second Spanish Republic, he led numerous polemics with the powerful conservative and clerical sectors of the island. His tragic end, after the coup d'état of July 1936, is highly representative of the fate of a large number of Spanish freethinkers of the first third of the 20th century.Keywords: anticlericalism, Second Spanish Republic, freemasonry, communism, Francoist repression.
“Guardianes de la tradición” Resistencias al cambio político y socio-cultural del tardofranquismo y la Transición en Andalucía oriental = “Guardians of tradition”. Resistances to the political and socio cultural change during the late Francoism and the transition to democracy in Eastern Andalusia
Authors: Román Ruiz Gloria
Published: January 2020

Resumen: El artículo se interroga por la naturaleza y la intensidad de las resistencias que algunos grupos sociales plantearon al proceso de transformación política y socio-cultural que comenzó a finales de los años sesenta y se extendió a lo largo de los setenta. Presta atención a aquellos sujetos que alzaron su voz en defensa de la tradición y en contra de la modernidad, así como a la incidencia que tuvieron sus acciones y comportamientos de oposición sobre el proceso de democratización. En primer lugar, el texto se detiene en las acciones de resistencia protagonizadas por feligreses conservadores que abrigaban actitudes políticas aquiescentes con la dictadura y acudían a escuchar misa a una parroquia regentada por un cura progresista. En segundo lugar, atiende a las resistencias expresadas por la comunidad parroquial de la iglesia de San José de Estepona (Málaga) ante el proyecto para la instauración de un complejo nudista en la localidad en 1978.Palabras clave: tardofranquismo, transición, democratización, resistencias al cambio, conservadurismo.Abstract: The article wonders about the nature and the intensity of the resistances set in motion by some social groups against the process of political and socio-cultural transformation that began at the end of the sixties and extended throughout the seventies. It pays attention to those subjects who raised their voice in defence of the tradition and against the modernity, as well as to the impact of their actions and opposition behaviours on the process of democratization. In the first place, the paper deals with the actions of resistance activated by the conservative parishioners who had acquiescent political attitudes towards the dictatorship and who attended to a parish ruled by a progressive priest. Secondly, it focuses on the resistances expressed by the parochial community of the San José church (Estepona, Málaga) caused by a nudist project in the town in 1978.Keywords: late Francoism, transition to democracy, democratization, resistances to change, conservatism.
La Fronde’s feminist chronicles. Feminist Associative movementis in the turn-of-the century Paris = Las crónicas feministas de La Fronde. Asociacionismo femenino en un París intersecular
Authors: Luengo López Jordi
Published: January 2020

Resumen: La Fronde (1897-1905), fundada por Marguerite Durand (1864-1936), fue un proyecto donde sólo participaban mujeres que, con salarios análogos a sus equivalentes masculinos, se encargaban de su redacción, administración y distribución. Las temáticas que se trataban confluían en la mejora de las condiciones del colectivo femenino en la sociedad francesa y la sección “Chronique féministe” abordaba todas aquellas cuestiones relacionadas con la denuncia de las injusticias sufridas por las mujeres, la lucha por sus derechos y los proyectos de consecución de un estado de ciudadanía plena. Estas crónicas nos permiten, además, conocer qué asociaciones existían en ese París intersecular, así como el posicionamiento del diario feminista frente a éstas y otras habidas en el extranjero.Palabras clave: La Fronde, feminismo francés, asociacionismo de mujeres, crónicas periodísticas.Abstract: La Fronde (1897-1905) was founded by Marguerite Durand (1864-1936) as a women-only project in which women were paid the same wage as men, and were in charge of writing, managing and distributing it. The topics covered touched on the improvement of women's conditions in French society and the section  “Chronique féministe” covered all topics related to reporting injustices suffered by women, fighting for their rights and helping women achieve full citizens' status. Moreover, those chronicles enable us to understand what associations existed at the turn of the century in Paris, as well as the positioning of the feminist daily towards them and others from abroad.Keywords: La Fronde, French Feminism, women’s associations, journalistic chronicle.
Femmes d’acier. Les communistes espagnoles et la Federation Democratique Internationale des Femmes (1945-1950) = Mujeres de acero. Las comunistas españolas y la Federación Democrática Internacional de Mujeres (1945-1950) = Steel women. Spanish communists and the Women’s International Democratic Federation (1945-1950)
Authors: Yusta Rodrigo Mercedes
Published: January 2020

Resumen: El artículo aborda una faceta poco conocida de la historia de la militancia de las mujeres comunistas españolas en el exilio: su participación en una organización internacional, la Federación Democrática Internacional de Mujeres, creada en Paris en 1945 con el objetivo de federar las organizaciones de mujeres antifascistas del mundo entero. Las comunistas españolas, con Dolores Ibárruri a la cabeza, tuvieron un papel muy importante en la definición de las estrategias y la propia organización de la Federación, la cual representa un caso de movilización femenina transnacional muy importante en el marco de la Guerra fría. El articulo resitúa la creación de organizaciones femeninas antifascistas en la larga duración, describe el papel de las comunistas españolas en el seno de la FDIM, y, finalmente, analiza la relación entre la FDIM y la movilización antifranquista, que incluye la creación de un lenguaje político común en el seno de este movimiento femenino, muy marcado por el materialismo político.Palabras clave: Mujeres, Comunismo, Exilio, Internacionalismo, Antifascismo, Guerra Fría.Abstract: The article addresses a little-known facet of the history of the militancy of Spanish communist women in exile : their participation in an international organization, the Women’s International Democratic Federation, created in Paris in 1945 with the aim of federating anti-fascist women’s organizations worldwide. The Spanish communists, led by Dolores Ibárruri, played a very important role in defining the strategies and organization of the Federation itself, which represents a very important case of transnational women’s mobilization in the context of the Cold War. The article discusses the creation of women’s anti-fascist organizations in the long term, describes the role of the Spanish communists within the FDIM, and finally analyzes the relationship between the FDIM and the anti-Franco mobilization, which includes the creation of a common political language within this women’s movement, very marked by political motherhood.Keywords: Women, Communism, Exile, Internationalism, Anti-fascism, Cold War.
Frank Ryan (coord.), El libro de la XV Brigada: relatos y testimonios de la Guerra Civil española, Edición de Javier Sánchez Zapatero y Antonio R. Celada, Salamanca, Amarú Ediciones, 2019, 351 páginas
Authors: Rodríguez Escobar Moisés
Published: January 2020

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Julián Chaves Palacios (coord.), Mecanismos de control social y político en el primer franquismo, Barcelona, Anthropos, 2019, 382 páginas
Authors: Pérez Olivares Alejandro
Published: January 2020

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Enrique Bernad y Enrique Sarasa, Los nombres de la Rosa. Diccionario biográfico del socialismo en Aragón desde sus orígenes a la Transición, Zaragoza, Doce Robles, 2019, 364 páginas
Authors: Vicente Sánchez Héctor
Published: January 2020

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ANALISIS PERGESERAN LEMPENG BUMI YANG MENINGKATKAN POTENSI TERJADINYA GEMPA BUMI DI PULAU LOMBOK
Authors: Syafitri Yanita , Bahtiar Bahtiar , Didik Lalu A.
Published: January 2020

This research is a qualitative research. Where the purpose of this research is to find out how the shifts of the earth’s plates around Lombok Island can increase the frequency of potential earthquakes on Lombok Island. This study uses a qualitative approach by paying attention to the theory of earth’s plates and the movements of the earh’s plates that have been described previously. The results of this study indicate a link between earth plate shifts and the frequency of earthquakes on Lombok Island. The world’s active tectonic plates in which the movements of two of them (the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate) greatly affect the frequency of earthquakes due to passing through Lombok Island. In addition to the two active tectonics plates  of the world, there is also one Fault namely the Flores Up Fault which stretches from Flores to Lombok Island which forms a trough amd is very active.
A High-throughput Method for Fingerprinting of Rhizobial Free Fatty Acids by the Combination of a Thin Film Chemical Deposition Technique and Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/ionization Time-of Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Gladchuk Alexsey , Schumilina Julia , Kusnetsova Alena , Bureiko Ksenia , Tsarev Alexander , Alexandrova Irina , Leonova Larisa , Zhukov Vladimir A. , Tikhonovich Igor A. , Birkemeyer Claudia , Podolskaya Ekaterina , Frolov Andrej
Published: January 2020

Fatty acids (FAs) represent an important class of metabolites, impacting on membrane building blocks and cellular regulatory networks. In nature, prokaryotes are characterized with the most impressing FA structural diversity and the highest relative contents of free fatty acids (FFAs). Thereby, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (order Rhizobiales), often found in symbiosis with legumes, attract a special interest. Indeed, FAs impact on the structure of rhizobial nodulation factors, required for successful infection of plant root. Although the FA patterns can be addressed by GC- and LC-MS, these methods are time-consuming and suffer from compromised sensitivity, low stability of derivatives and artifacts. In contrast, MALDI-TOF-MS represents an excellent platform for high-efficient metabolite fingerprinting, also applicable to FFAs. Therefore, here we propose a simple and straightforward protocol for high-throughput relative quantification of FFAs in rhizobia by the combination of Langmuir technology and MALDI-TOF-MS, which is featured with high sensitivity, accuracy and precision of quantification. Here we propose a step by step procedure comprising rhizobia culturing, pre-cleaning, extraction, sample preparation, mass spectrometric analysis, data processing and post-processing. To demonstrate the analytical potential of the protocol we illustrate it by a case study – comparison the FFA metabolomes of two rhizobia species - Rhizobium leguminosarum and Sinorhizobium meliloti.
The Content of Selected Minerals, Bioactive Compounds and the Antioxidant Properties of the Flowers and Fruit of Selected Cultivars and Wildly Growing Plants of Sambucus nigra
Authors: Młynarczyk Karolina , Walkowiak-Tomczak Dorota , Staniek Halina , Kidoń Marcin , Łysiak Grzegorz
Published: January 2020

This study compared the mineral content and bioactive properties of flowers and fruit coming from wild elderberry plants with those of flowers and fruit harvested from elderberry cultivars grown in an orchard. Elderberry fruit and flowers were analysed for the content of selected minerals, phenolic compounds and anthocyanins and for antioxidant activity. Mineral content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry method, while antioxidant activity and the content of polyphenols and anthocyanins were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Flowers were found to contain more total ash and to have much higher content of most of minerals, except magnesium, which was present in high concentrations in fruit. Fruit showed significantly higher antioxidant activity than flowers, whereas the total phenolic content varied depending on the growing location / cultivar. The material obtained from selected cultivars growing in an orchard had higher antioxidant activity and polyphenol and anthocyanin content than the material obtained from wild plants. Fruit of the ‘Haschberg’ cultivar and flowers of the ‘Sampo’ cultivar had the best bioactive properties of the studied samples.
Landuse/landcover change process in a tropi¬cal semi-arid zone: case of two rural com¬munes (Chadakori and Saé-Saboua) in Maradi region, Republic of Niger
Authors: Kadiza Doulay , Diouf Abdoulaye , Sadda Abou-Soufianou , Yakubu Ibrahim Baba
Published: January 2020

The study aimed to analyze the process of Landuse/Landcover change of two rural communes (SaéSaboua and Chadakori) of Maradi region (Republic of Niger) over the past 28 years (1986 – 2014),through landscape structure analysis by diachronic cartographic approach and landscape indices. Mixedclassification of temporal series of Landsat images led to identifying six Landuse/Landcover (LULC)classes, namely ”cultivated land under shrubs and trees”, ”cultivated land under trees”, “continuouscropland”, ”fallow/pasture land”, ”forest reserve”, and ”settlement”. The composition and structure ofthe studied landscapes have greatly changed from 1986 to 2014. The class ”cultivated land under trees”was the landscape matrix in 1986 with 38.65% of landscape total area but in 2001 and 2014 the class”continuous cropland” became the landscape matrix. The changes also affected the ”forest reserve”which was transformed to smallholder agricultural land from 1986 to 2014. The area occupied byclasses ”cultivated land under trees” changed from 38.65% in 1986 to 8.78% in 2014; and from 1986to 2014, the area occupied by ”fallow/pasture land” has decreased of about 16%. The decrease in theseclasses was in favor of ¨continuous crop land¨, ¨settlement¨ and “cultivated land under shrubs and trees”which respectively gained 38%, 0.3% and 8.15% of their areas in 1986. The results of this study reflectthe problem of access to land and even land saturation in semi-arid region, a consequence of strongpopulation growth. They also contribute to a better rethinking of agricultural practices in order to initiateadaptation and resilience strategies for the population facing food insecurity and poverty.
Active point bar development and river bank erosion in the incising channel of the lower Tisza river, Hungary
Authors: Amissah Gabriel Jonathan , Kiss Tímea , Fiala Károly
Published: January 2020

The development of point-bars and bank erosion are critical near-bank processes, as they indicatethe sediment and hydraulic regime of a river system, thus, they refer to the equilibrium conditions ofa channel. However, throughout history, rivers have been modified for various benefits which changethe development of point-bars and the rate of bank erosion. In the Lower Tisza River (Hungary), riverregulations influenced the channel and floodplain development, altering the natural fluvial processes.The aim of the research was to determine the rate of near-bank processes and to make trajectory forfuture river evolution to support future engineering works. The bank erosion and point-bar developmentat human-influenced and freely meandering sections of the Tisza River were monitored since 2011.Behind a collapsed revetment, the bank erosion rate was 0.6 m/y, while at a freely meandering section itwas 2.3 m/y. The studied point-bars are located in revetted and freely meandering sections. Their surfaceeroded within the period. These intensive erosional processes refer to an incising meandering channel,which must be considered during future planning of in-channel structures (e.g. revetments, bridges),thus, geomorphic methods must be considered in any river engineering scheme.
Sobre sonetos, discursos e jornais: sátira e galhofa no conto “Aurora sem dia”, de Machado de Assis
Authors: Alves Márcio Miranda
Published: January 2020

Publicado em 1870 no Jornal das Famílias e em 1873 na coletânea Histórias da meia-noite (1873), o conto “Aurora sem dia”, de Machado de Assis, apresenta uma sátira sobre poetas e políticos de pouco talento. Luís Tinoco, o protagonista, torna-se escritor da noite para o dia e publica os seus sonetos no jornal Correio Mercantil, um espaço privilegiado de difusão de suas fantasias. Quando se torna deputado, ele espera que seus discursos sejam debatidos na imprensa. Este artigo analisa a relação entre a sátira do conto e a linguagem satírica do Correio Mercantil, que atacava os adversários por meio do humor. Conclui-se que o conto de Machado de Assis não é apenas de uma representação do universo da imprensa, mas também reflete a linguagem jornalística da época.
Proposição, frase, período: uma questão epistemológica ou hermenêutica?
Authors: Silva Silvana
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é criar condições epistemológicas para avançar a discussão sobre a querela das unidades linguísticas ditas “intermediárias” entre o signo e o texto. Essa querela atravessa a tradição gramatical e por meio dela surgiram inúmeras classificações: frase, proposição, período, parágrafo, sintagma, cláusula, unidades estas com definições e entendimentos diferentes por vários autores. Este trabalho centraliza sua atenção na polêmica instaurada por Bronckart (2017) sobre tais unidades, em especial sua leitura crítica de Berrendoner e Béguelin (1989). Para resolver essa polêmica, que redundou em um dilema epistemológico, optamos por uma abordagem hermenêutica, tal como elaborada por Fenoglio (2019), uma das especialistas na obra do linguista Émile Benveniste. A conclusão geral é que nem Bronckart (2017) tampouco Berrendoner e Béguelin (1989) trazem solução para o problema das unidades da língua, posto que a frase introduz na língua uma epistemologia do imprevisível linguageiro.
A linguagem e seu caráter institucional: reflexões sobre o domínio discursivo jurídico
Authors: Paulinelli Maysa de Pádua Teixeira
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, interessa-nos refletir sobre as práticas de linguagem no vasto território convencionalmente denominado domínio discursivo jurídico, discutindo as complexas relações entre linguagem, instituição e realização de ações nessa esfera de atividade humana. Partimos de fundamentações teóricas elaboradas em campos diferentes de investigação, como a Sociologia dos Campos, a Análise do Discurso e a Pragmática, a fim de compreender a dinâmica linguístico-discursiva que caracteriza o referido domínio, tomando como fio condutor do raciocínio a questão do complexo institucional articulado à performatividade da palavra. Concluímos que um processo judicial é construído pelo trabalho dos sujeitos processuais, que são pessoas investidas de um estatuto institucional que lhes confere a prerrogativa de participar ativamente de um caso de interação judiciária. Esse trabalho consiste em produzir textos nos moldes prescritos pela legislação. Cada um desses textos é composto por atos de fala que, proferidos pela pessoa autorizada, nas condições apropriadas, articulam-se na criação de um gênero textual, que passa a compor o repertório de quem o elaborou. Ao circularem, tais repertórios individuais compõem um sistema de atividades e, atuando harmonicamente entre si, produzem alterações na realidade social.
Os suportes das imagens: da fotografia à imagem digital
Authors: Dondero Maria Giulia , Reyes-Garcia Everardo
Published: January 2020

Este artigo pretende abordar a questão da forma e da substância do plano de expressão de imagens (pintura, fotografia, imagem digital). Se inicialmente a semiótica greimasiana clássica – especialmente Jean-Marie Floch (1985, 1986) e Felix Thürlemann (1982) – consagrou suas reflexões à relação entre forma da expressão e forma do conteúdo (semissimbolismo), a partir dos anos 1990, Jacques Fontanille se dedicou à delicada questão da substância da expressão. Em seguida, no quadro de sua proposta de hierarquia dos níveis de pertinência de análise, Fontanille (2005, 2008) introduziu os conceitos de suporte formal e suporte material que permitiram pensar a relação entre a imagem como texto e a imagem como objeto. Partiremos desses trabalhos para estudar a relação estreita entre substância da expressão da imagem e as práticas de produção/recepção.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Augments Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 in Inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Lung Epithelial Cells
Authors: El-Baz Lamis M.F. , Shoukry Nahla M. , Salem Mohamed L. , Hafez Hani S. , Guzy Robert D.
Published: January 2020

The authors have withdrawn the journal submission associated with this preprint and requested that the preprint also be withdrawn.
Microglia induce neurogenesis by stimulating PI3K/AKT intracellular signaling in vitro
Authors: Lorenzen Kristi , Mathy Nicholas W. , Whiteford Erin R. , Eischeid Alex , Chen Jing , Behrens Matthew , Chen Xian-Ming , Shibata Annemarie
Published: January 2020

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that microglia can support neuronal survival, synapse development, and neurogenesis in classic neurogenic niches. Little is known about the ability of microglia to regulate the cortical environment and stimulate cortical neurogenesis outside classic neurogenic niches. We used an in vitro co-culture model system to investigate the hypothesis that microglia respond to soluble signals from cortical cells, particularly following injury, by altering the cortical environment to promote cortical cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
Results: Analyses of cell proliferation, apoptosis, protein expression, and intracellular signaling were performed on uninjured and injured cortical cells in co-culture with an EOC2 microglial cell line. Microglia soluble cues enhanced cortical cell viability and proliferation of uninjured and injured cortical cells. Co-culture of injured cortical cells with microglial cells significantly reduced cortical cell apoptosis. Microglial significantly increased Nestin+ and a-internexin+ cells within and outside the injury site. NeuN+ cells increased in injured cortical cultures with microglia. Multiplex ELISA assays showed decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines in conditioned media collected from injured cortical cell and microglial co-culture. RTPCR analysis of microglial mRNA was performed. AKT phosphorylation in uninjured, and particularly injured cortical cells, significantly increased when co-cultured with EOC2 microglia. Inhibition of AKT phosphorylation in cortical cells blocked the microglial-enhanced cortical cell viability and expression of neurogenic markers in vitro .
Conclusion: This in vitro model system allows for assessment of the effect of microglial-derived soluble signals on cortical cell viability, proliferation, and stages of differentiation during homeostasis or following injury. These data suggest that EOC2 microglia downregulate inflammatory cytokine production following activation by acute cortical injury to enhance proliferation of new cells capable of neurogenesis. Inhibition of AKT signaling in cortical cells blocks the microglial-derived enhanced proliferation and expression of neurogenic markers in injured cortical cultures. This in vitro system is useful for continued studies with other microglial cell lines and primary microglial cells. Increasing our understanding of the mechanisms that drive cortical neurogenesis stimulated by microglial cells during homeostasis and following injury will provide insight into the potential mechanisms of the neuroprotective role of immune activity in the central nervous system (CNS).
Association between perceived environmental pollution and health among urban and rural residents-A Chinese national study
Authors: Yang Ting
Published: January 2020

Background: China’s economic boom has led to severe environmental pollution, which has created significant health risks for residents. Although current studies have found urban residents can sense the harmful effects of environmental pollution in China, few studies have talked about their rural counterparts’ attitudes towards the health impacts of environmental pollution. Similarly, little research has talked about the inequality of environmental awareness between urban and rural residents.
Methods: Descriptive and analytical statistics were used for the data analyses based on a national survey, namely, The 3rd Survey on the Status of Chinese Women in 2010, which was jointly conducted by the All China Women's Federation and the China Statistical Bureau in 2010. A total of 24741observations were selected.
Results: Among urban residents, 67.21% reported that their total health was good, which was 1.35% lower than the reported rate of their rural counterparts; 25.88% of urban residents reported that their total health was general, which was nearly 3% higher than the reported rate of their rural counterparts; 6.91% of urban residents reported that their total health was poor, which was 1.63% lower than the reported rate of their rural counterparts. The study also found that the rates of urban residents who perceived air pollution (35.67%), water pollution (17.96%), garbage pollution (25.05%), and noise pollution (32.05%) were higher than those of their rural counterparts. Perceived air pollution, and perceived noise pollution both had a negative effect on urban residents’ good health (B=-0.14, p<0.05; B=-0.23, p<0.001). Perceived garbage pollution had a positive effect on urban residents’ poor health (B=0.33, p<0.01). Perceived water pollution had no significant effect on urban residents’ health. The four types of perceived environmental pollution all had insignificant effects on rural residents’ health.
Conclusions: Rural residents lack awareness of the impacts of environmental pollution on health, which may create risks and vulnerability within the rural environment and the livelihood of these residents. Great attention should be paid to the impacts of environmental pollution on the health of not only urban residents but also rural residents, which will highly improve the support of green development among the public in China.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the roles of stem nodes in cadmium transport to rice grain
Authors: Liu Ailing , Zhou Zhibo , Yi Yake , Chen Guanghui
Published: January 2020

Background: Node is the central organ of transferring nutrients and ions in plants. Cadmium (Cd) induced crop pollution threatens the food safety. Breeding of low Cd accumulation cultivar is a chance to resolve this universal problem. This study was performed to identify tissue specific genes involved in Cd accumulation in different rice stem nodes. Panicle node and the first node under panicle (node I) were sampled in two rice cultivars: Xiangwanxian No. 12 (low Cd accumulation cultivar) and Yuzhenxiang (high Cd accumulation cultivar). RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs. Results: Xiangwanxian No. 12 had lower Cd concentration in panicle node, node I and grain compared with Yuzhenxiang , and node Ⅰ had the highest Cd concentration in the two cultivars. RNA seq analysis identified 4,535 DEGs and 70 miRNAs between the two cultivars. Most genes related to the “transporter activity”, such as OsIRT1 , OsNramp5, OsVIT2 , OsNRT1.5A, and OsABCC1 , play roles in blocking the upward transport of Cd. Among the genes related to “response to stimulus”, we identified OsHSP70 and OsHSFA2d/B2c in Xiangwanxian No. 12 , but not in Yuzhenxiang , were all down-regulated by Cd stimulus. The up-regulation of miRNAs ( osa-miR528 and osa-miR408 ) in Xiangwanxian No. 12 played a potent role in lowering Cd accumulation via down regulating the expression of candidate genes, such as bZIP , ERF , MYB , SnRK1 and HSPs . Conclusions: Both panicle node and node I of Xiangwanxian No. 12 played a key role in blocking the upward transportation of Cd, while node I played a critical role in Yuzhenxiang . Distinct expression patterns of various transporter genes such as OsNRT1.5A, OsNramp5, OsIRT1, OsVIT2 and OsABCC1 resulted in differential Cd accumulation in different nodes. Likewise, distinct expression patterns of these transporter genes are likely responsible for the low Cd accumulation in Xiangwanxian No. 12 cultivar . MiRNAs drove multiple transcription factors, such as OsbZIPs, OsERFs, OsMYBs , to play a role in Cd stress response.
GR, Sgk1, and NDRG1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: their correlation with therapeutic outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Ueki Shunsuke , Fujishima Fumiyoshi , Konno Takuro , Ishida Hirotaka , Okamoto Hiroshi , Takaya Kai , Sato Chiaki , Taniyama Yusuke , Kamei Takashi , Sasano Hironobu
Published: January 2020

Background
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly malignant neoplasm. Glucocorticoid(GC)-Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) pathway plays pivotal roles in cellular response to various stresses of tumor cells including chemotherapy. However, the status of GC-GR pathway in ESCC, including its correlation with chemotherapeutic responses has remained largely unknown.
Method
GR, serum-and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1(Sgk1), and N-myc down regulation gene 1(NDRG1) were immunolocalized in 98 ESCC patients who had undergone esophagectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) with 2 courses of 5-Fluorouracil(5-FU) + Cisplatin (CDDP). We also examined biopsy specimens before NAC in 42 cases and compared the results between those before and after NAC.
Results
Overall survival (OS) of the patients treated with surgery following NAC was significantly shorter in the group with high GR than that with low GR ( P = 0.0473). Both OS and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly shorter in both Sgk1- and NDRG1-high groups than low groups (OS: Sgk1, P = 0.0055; NDRG1, P = 0.0021; DFS: Sgk1, P = 0.0240; NDRG1, P = 0.0086). When evaluating the findings in biopsy specimens before NAC, DFS was significantly shorter in the high Sgk1 group ( P = 0.0095), and both OS and DFS was shorter in high NDRG1 group (OS, P = 0.0233; DFS, P = 0.0006) than respective low groups. Among high NDRG1 group of biopsy specimens before NAC, the tumor reduction rate by NAC was significantly attenuated ( P = 0.021).
Conclusions
High status of GR, Sgk1, and NDRG1 in ESCC after NAC was significantly associated with over all worse prognosis and there were no significant changes in the status of those above before and after NAC. Therefore , increased activity of GC-GR pathway with enhanced induction of Sgk1 and NDRG1 in carcinoma cells plays pivotal roles in tumor progression and development of chemoresistance in ESCC patients undergoing NAC.
In Vitro Biomechanical Testing of Equine Metacarpophalangeal Collateral Ligaments and Collateral Ligaments Repair Using Suture Anchors.
Authors: Grzeskowiak Remigiusz Maciej , Rifkin Rebecca E. , Mulon Pierre Yves , Harper David P. , Adair H. Steve , Anderson David E.
Published: January 2020

Background The disruption of equine metacarpophalangeal (MCPCL) and metatarsophalangeal collateral ligament (MTPCL) occurs as a result of traumatic events and it has been associated with guarded to poor prognosis for the return to athletic performance before the injury. Rupture of the MCPCL induces joint laxity which can, directly and indirectly, lead to a cartilage damage of the metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ). The literature describes several methods of the surgical management of those injuries, including the suture anchors. However, the knowledge about their biomechanical performance in the equine MCPCL repair model is lacking. This study describes the method of suture anchor placement within the metacarpal bone as well as reveals data of the biomechanical testing. The first objective was to perform bending tests on equine metacarpophalangeal joints with intact metacarpophalangeal collateral ligaments. The second objective was to perform similar tests on the metacarpophalangeal joints, having completely severed metacarpophalangeal collateral ligaments which were reattached to the suture anchors. Results The results of the biomechanical testing of 50 specimens showed that the suture anchor repairs obtained 15% of the intact metacarpophalangeal collateral ligaments’ maximum load, 34% of their bending stiffness, 14% of their load at maximum flexure extension, and 82% of the maximal flexure extension. The suture anchor placement within the bone can be performed quick and in the feasible way. The results of the biomechanical testing did not vary significantly between the tested types of the suture anchors used in this study. Conclusions The repairs with the suture anchors achieved lower biomechanical testing results compared with the intact metacarpophalangeal collateral ligaments; however, the anatomical position of the joint could be easily restored with the repair. The use of anchors may anatomically restore the ligament and provide additional mechanical support for the injured metacarpophalangeal collateral ligaments.