bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paraphrase and translation: the importance of being close
Authors: Santos Diana , Barreiro Anabela
Published: February 2025

This article explores the concept of paraphrasing within computational linguistics, seeking to enrich its understanding by drawing parallels with translation studies and especially machine translation. It highlights the existence of two distinct yet related tasks: paraphrase generation and paraphrase detection, as well as points out the many (sometimes implicit) contact points in evaluation in both translation and paraphrasing. We claim that the concept of near-synonymy or near- equivalence is a shared concern of both disciplines, and its formalization should be pursued.
IAS 17 "Insurance Contracts": New Approaches to Auditing Insurance Transactions
Authors: Glazkova G.
Published: February 2025

Starting from January 1, 2025, insurance companies apply IAS 17 «Insurance Contracts». The information disclosed in accordance with the requirements of the standard identifies and explains the amounts reflected in the insurer’s financial statements in relation to insurance contracts, and helps users of these financial statements understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of future cash flows from insurance contracts. The article discusses methodological approaches to the development of procedures for verifying the reflection of insurance transactions in accordance with IAS 17 «Insurance Contracts».
Determinants of Districts Poverty in West Java in 2016-2019
Authors: Amanatunnisa Muthia , Yuliadi Imamudin
Published: February 2025

Poverty is a major problem faced by all countries. Poverty can be defined as a condition when a person or group of people do not have the capability to fulfill their basic rights to maintain and develop a dignified life. This study was aimed to determine the effect of Human Development Index (HDI), Regional Gross Domestic Product (RGDP), Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), Total Population, School Enrollment Rate, and Food Consumer Price on Poverty in Indonesia in 2016 - 2019 using case studies from 17 districts in West Java and was done by analyzing panel data regression using Eviews 10. Panel data is a method combining time data and cross data. The results indicated that Human Development Index, Population, and Food Consumer Prices have a significant effect on Poverty in districts in West Java with the probability value less than 0,05, while the Open Unemployment Rate, Regional Gross Domestic Product, and School Enrolment Rates have no significant effect on district poverty in West Java with the probability value more than 0,05.
The Impact of MSMEs, Population, Road Infrastructure, and Human Development Index on GRDP In Central Java
Authors: Eldeib Manar Abdulsalam M , Maulana Muhammad Rais Panji , Nasir Muhammad Safar
Published: February 2025

National economic development is an effort to improve people's welfare in order to fulfil their basic needs. This study analyses the effect of the number of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), population, road infrastructure, and the Human Development Index (HDI) on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in Central Java in 2018-2022 with the aim of knowing whether umkm, population, road infrastructure, and human development index affect GRDP. By using a descriptive quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), this study uses statistical analysis to test the relationship. The results showed that although MSMEs and population did not have a significant effect on GRDP. This study makes a significant contribution to the Human Development Index (HDI) in Central Java so as to successfully build a human development index that is in line with the growth of GRDP, we can see from the results of the study which show that HDI has a positive effect on GRDP when HDI increases by 1 per cent, the value of GRDP will increase by Rp 2,185,483. Road infrastructure shows a significant positive effect. This finding suggests that investment in infrastructure and human development is an important driver of economic growth in the region.
Impact of Zoning Changes on Property Values in West Sulawesi: A Difference-in-Differences Analysis
Authors: Ningsih Selly Kudrati , Hikmawati Hikmawati , Djannatin Evatiwery
Published: February 2025

This study explores how zoning regulations affect property values in West Sulawesi to understand the impact of zoning changes on real estate markets. The objectives include identifying the relationship between zoning modifications and fluctuations in property values and comparing areas that undergo zoning changes with those that do not. The study uses a quantitative research design and conducts a Difference-in-Differences analysis using secondary data from local property transactions, zoning maps, and demographic statistics from 2013 to 2023. The sample encompasses 150 neighborhoods throughout the province, offering a thorough perspective on local market dynamics. The results indicate a statistically significant positive correlation between zoning changes and rising property values, implying that updated regulations can effectively boost real estate market performance. The study also accounts for external factors, such as infrastructure development and local economic conditions, which significantly influence the outcomes of zoning changes. This research adds to the existing urban planning and property economics literature by demonstrating how zoning regulations can stimulate local economies and guide policy decisions. A key contribution of this study is its comparative analysis of property value changes in areas with and without zoning updates, providing valuable insights into the influence of zoning on property values in developing regions while emphasizing the importance of a holistic approach in assessing zoning impacts.
A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NÃO É INTELIGENTE NEM ARTIFICIAL: A CRÍTICA DE NICOLELIS E A ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E TECNOLÓGICA PARA DESVELAR A NATUREZA DESSA TECNOLOGIA
Authors: França Silva Roni , Nogueira Paniago Rosenilde
Published: February 2025

Este ensaio explora as reflexões do neurocientista Miguel Nicolelis sobre a inteligência artificial (IA), aprofundando sua crítica à concepção tradicional dessa tecnologia. De abordagem qualitativa e análise bibliográfica, o estudo investiga a natureza da IA, discutindo aspectos sobre sua nomenclatura e desmistificando alguns de seus mitos. Discutimos também a alfabetização científica e tecnológica (ACT) como meio para desvelar a natureza da IA. Conclui-se que a crítica de Nicolelis a essa tecnologia se deve ao fato de que a IA não possui verdadeira inteligência, visto que esta é uma propriedade dos organismos. Tampouco pode ser considerada completamente artificial, dada sua dependência da criatividade e do intelecto humano. Reconhecemos, ainda, a importância de entender as limitações da IA para evitar expectativas irrealistas, como a ideia de autonomia e possibilidade de superar os humanos em todas as suas capacidades. Isso pode ser alcançado por meio da ACT, que pode capacitar os cidadãos e cidadãs a compreenderem a verdadeira natureza da IA e suas limitações, não se deixando seduzir pelos discursos ilusórios e excessivamente otimistas acerca dessa tecnologia.
MULTILETRAMENTOS E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NAS PRÁTICAS ARTÍSTICAS JUVENIS: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A PRODUÇÃO DE VÍDEOS REMIX
Authors: Araujo Jose magnaldo moura , Junqueira Eduardo Santos
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho é um recorte de pesquisa de doutorado em andamento que busca compreender o processo de articulação e integração das práticas de multiletramentos na aprendizagem artístico-musical de jovens. Neste artigo temos como objetivo analisar o uso da inteligência artificial (IA) nas práticas artísticas juvenis de multiletramentos no processo de produção de vídeos remix, considerando os aspectos socioculturais, pedagógicos e tecnológicos. Como metodologia, realizamos o recorte de uma entrevista intensiva realizada com um jovem estudante do ensino médio integrado do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte a respeito das suas práticas artísticas de multiletramentos auxiliadas por IA. Como principais resultados, destacamos as mudanças de ethos no processo de criação de vídeos remix e nas práticas de multiletramentos auxiliadas por IA. Entre as principais mudanças, destacam-se a automatização de processos técnicos relacionados à edição de vídeo e a democratização do acesso a ferramentas profissionais de edição, todas proporcionadas pela IA. No que se refere à renovação do ethos, consideram-se a emulação da criatividade humana e os limites borrados da propriedade intelectual como principais pontos de mutação. Espera-se que este artigo possa contribuir com as discussões sobre o uso da IA nas práticas de multiletramentos atuais, tendo em vista que estas práticas revelam uma integração inovadora de tecnologia e arte na cultura juvenil.
A PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA BRASILEIRA SOBRE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL (IA) NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ENTRE 2020 e 2024
Authors: Costa Igor Henrique da
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste estudo quantitativo é realizar um levantamento bibliográfico para quantificar a utilização e/ou aplicação da Inteligência Artificial (IA) nas publicações científicas brasileiras na área da Educação Física, entre janeiro de 2020 e julho de 2024. O levantamento foi realizado em sete bancos de dados nacionais utilizando os termos “Educação Física” e “Inteligência Artificial”. Para a análise descritiva e categorização das publicações, aplicou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo quantitativo (KRIPPENDORFF, 2014). Observou-se um número limitado de publicações sobre a temática, com os estudos abordando o uso da IA em áreas como futebol, treinamento físico online, avaliação e orientação de atividades físicas, fisiologia, análise do movimento humano e Educação Física Escolar. Apesar da presença do tema em pesquisas desde a década de 1990 (DELPIZZO, 1997), a produção científica sobre IA na Educação Física no Brasil tem sido escassa entre 2020 e 2024, especialmente no campo da licenciatura, com apenas uma publicação abordando a IA na Educação Física Escolar
ANÁLISE DAS DESCRIÇÕES DE IMAGENS GERADAS POR INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL APLICADAS EM REDES SOCIAIS
Authors: De Souza SIlva Lázaro , Formiga Gonçalves de Almeida Juniro , Paranhos de Jesus Portela Cláudia
Published: February 2025

A Inteligência Artificial (IA) está cada vez mais presente no nosso cotidiano. Com o uso frequente das redes sociais por pessoas com deficiência visual, plataformas como o Facebook e o Instagram começaram a utilizar a IA para gerar descrições automáticas de imagens para esse público. Entretanto, será que a IA consegue fornecer descrições satisfatórias que transmitam todas as informações contidas nas imagens publicadas nas redes sociais? Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as descrições de imagens geradas pela IA e as descrições humanas nas redes sociais Facebook e Instagram, a partir da perspectiva dos usuários com cegueira. Para avaliar a eficácia desse recurso, foi realizado um teste de amostragem com sete partícipes legalmente cegos ou com baixa visão, utilizando entrevistas e testes nas duas redes sociais. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que as descrições geradas pela IA foram sucintas e não alcançaram todos os detalhes das imagens testadas se comparadas às descrições realizadas por humanos. Os dados obtidos mostraram que, embora as descrições sucintas fornecidas pela IA sejam mais úteis do que a ausência de qualquer descrição, a Inteligência Artificial desempenhou um papel significativo na conexão de mais usuários cegos nas redes sociais. No entanto, é necessário um aprimoramento contínuo para promover uma inclusão mais eficaz para todos os usuários.
CHATGPT E OUTRAS INTELIGÊNCIAS ARTIFICIAIS: PRÁTICAS EDUCATIVAS NA CIBERCULTURA
Authors: Velloso Luciana
Published: February 2025

O livro “ChatGPT e outras inteligências artificiais: práticas educativas na cibercultura”, organizado pela pesquisadora de Bolsa Produtividade Nível 2 do CNPq, professora permanente do Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação da Universidade Tiradentes (UNIT) e diretora da Editora Universitária Tiradentes (EDUNIT), Cristiane Porto, em colaboração com Edméa Santos e João Batista Bottentuit Junior, foi publicada pela Editora da Universidade Federal do Maranhão – EDUFMA, em 2024.
Trata-se de uma obra fundamental para se compreender o impacto das inteligências artificiais -IAs, no campo educacional, em um contexto marcado pelo desenvolvimento e expansão das tecnologias e pela transformação dos modos de ‘aprenderensinar’
La contribución científica del Trabajo Social al desarrollo de las ciencias sociales
Authors: Las Heras Pinilla M.ª Patrocinio
Published: February 2025

Acto de Homenaie a D. Juan Antonio Ortega y Díaz-Ambrona. En el acto de clausura del II Congreso de Trabajo Social se rindió homenaje a D. Juan Antonio Ortega y Díaz-Ambrona. En el participaron Paloma Sánchez Sastre, Patrocinio Las Heras y Teresa Rubio. Paloma Sánchez, como Presidenta del Colegio hizo la presentación y explicó el motivo del homenaje, transmitiendo al Sr. Ortega el agra-decimiento de la profesión y de los/as profesio-nales por haber alcanzado el grado de Diplomatura Universitaria, cuando él estaba al frente del Ministerio de Educación. Patrocinio Las Heras, entonces Presidenta de la Federación Española de Asistentes Sociales, se implicó en el largo proceso que se llevó a cabo. Durante su inter-vención expuso "La contribución científica del Trabajo Social al desarrollo de las ciencias sociales".
ANÁLISIS DE LA NUEVA ERA DE LA INFANCIA Y LA ADOLESCENCIA. MODIFICACIÓN DEL SISTEMA DE PROTECCIÓN SEGÚN LA LEGISLACIÓN ESTATAL Y AUTONÓMICA: RETOS Y DESAFÍOS
Authors: Beltrán Ramírez Irene , Fernández Martín María
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo propone una revisión de la legislación más reciente en materia de protección a la infancia y adolescencia, concretamente en los ámbitos estatal y autonómico de la Comunidad de Madrid, destacando derechos y deberes innovadores y señalando los principales cambios, para concluir presentando la nueva estructura competencial que recoge la declaración del riesgo como una tarea de ámbito municipal. Todo ello para poner de relevancia un cambio de mirada al colectivo de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, con políticas que promueven su participación directa y que establecen canales de escucha y representación. Además, la familia, como institución merecedora de salvaguarda y reivindicación, deberá ser destinataria de medidas de prevención y de lucha contra situaciones que generen cronificación.
Effect of helicity on turbulent flow and Millionschikov hypothesis
Authors: Mamaloukas C. , Mamaloukas Christoforos-Marios
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we present an overview of the role of helicity on the turbulent flow. Governing equations are then derived in terms of correlation functions. Solutions of such equations are obtained by the Smirnov's series solution method. Lastly, role of Millionschikov's closure hypothesis of homogeneous and isotopic turbulence is discussed.
Development and validation of a novel prediction model for osteoporosis
Authors: Wang Jinpeng , Shan Lianfeng , Hang Jing , Li Hongyang , Meng Yan , Cao Wenhai , Gu Chunjian , Dai Jinna , Tao Lin
Published: February 2025

Aims

We aimed to develop and validate a novel prediction model for osteoporosis based on serotonin, fat-soluble vitamins, and bone turnover markers to improve prediction accuracy of osteoporosis.

Methods

Postmenopausal women aged 55 to 65 years were recruited and divided into three groups based on DXA (normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis). A total of 109 participants were included in this study and split into healthy (39/109, 35.8%), osteopenia (35/109, 32.1%), and osteoporosis groups (35/109, 32.1%). Serum concentrations of serotonin, fat-soluble vitamins, and bone turnover markers of participants were measured. Stepwise discriminant analysis was performed to identify efficient predictors for osteoporosis. The prediction model was developed based on Bayes and Fisher’s discriminant functions, and validated via leave-one-out cross-validation. Normal and empirical volume under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) surface (VUS) tests were used to evaluate predictive effects of variables in the prediction model.

Results

Significant variables including oestrogen (E2), total procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (TP1NP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), BMI, vitamin K, serotonin, osteocalcin (OSTEOC), vitamin A, and vitamin D3 were used for the development of the prediction model. The training accuracy for normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis is 74.4% (29/39), 80.0% (28/35), and 85.7% (30/35), respectively, while the total training accuracy is 79.8% (87/109). The internal validation showed excellent performance with 72.5% testing accuracy (72/109). Among these variables, serotonin and vitamin K exert important roles in the prediction of osteoporosis.

Conclusion

We successfully developed and validated a novel prediction model for osteoporosis based on serum concentrations of serotonin, fat-soluble vitamins, and bone turnover markers. In addition, interactive communication between serotonin and fat-soluble vitamins was observed to be critical for bone health in this study.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2025;14(2):111–123.
"Und so ist der Mikrokosmos Tennis immer auch ein Makrokosmos des Lebens": Tennis als Motiv in der deutschsprachigen Gegenwartsliteratur
Authors: Andress Reinhard
Published: February 2025

abstract: Ob essayistisch oder als inhaltlicher Baustein eines fiktionalen Stoffes, ob als Rand- oder Zentralmotiv, Tennis taucht vielfach in der deutschsprachigen Gegenwartsliteratur auf. Abgesehen von Beschreibungen des Sports an sich funktioniert Tennis in verschiedenen Textsorten als Medium, um auf das Leben übertragbare Charakteristika von Tennis, bzw. über den Text hinaus auf größere Fragen hinzuweisen. Dabei kommt es zu soziologischen, psychologischen, philosophisch-existenziellen und geschichtlichen Aussagen. Des Weiteren dient Tennis als Mittel, das menschliche Bedürfnis nach Drama zu befriedigen. Die Spieler*innen des Sports können auch als Identifikationsangebot oder Vorbild präsentiert werden, letzteres gegebenenfalls auch dekonstruiert. Schließlich werden Fragen aufgeworfen, die nicht nur für Tennis-Fans von brennender Aktualität sind.
Death and negritude: Bekolo’s Miraculous Weapons
Authors: Dima Vlad
Published: February 2025

In 2018, Jean-Pierre Bekolo’s Miraculous Weapons won the Sembène Ousmane Prize at FESPACO. The film carries the title of a 1946 poetry volume by the ‘father’ of negritude, Aimé Césaire, and it feels very familiar, but also quite distinctive from the rest of Bekolo’s oeuvre. There are old themes (revolt, race, freedom), but they are represented with updated artifices (e.g. drone shots) and new stylizations (at least for Bekolo), such as high contrasts relying on vivid colours. The end result is a (textual) meditation on life, death and the role played by art and negritude, all coloured by overt postcolonial tensions. Consequently, this article explores the representations of death in the film (with support from previous films by Bekolo) and aims to answer the following question: Could negritude (the movement that refuses to die, as it were) and art (as literature and as film) really ‘erase the traces and the symbols of death’ in the postcolonial, as the main character of the film, Djamal, boldly claims?
How to Steal a Country, Rehad Desai and Mark J. Kaplan (dirs) (2019), South Africa: Uhuru Productions
Authors: Mututa Addamms Songe
Published: February 2025

Review of: How to Steal a Country, Rehad Desai and Mark J. Kaplan (dirs) (2019), South Africa: Uhuru Productions
Algunas dificultades en la detección e investigación de los ciberdelitos económicos
Authors: González Uriel Daniel
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se lleva a cabo un análisis sobre algunos de los principales problemas que se aprecian en la investigación de los ciberdelitos de contenido económico. Para ello se efectúa una descripción sobre el fenómeno de la ciberdelincuencia, se apuntan algunos de los principales delitos que se pueden cometer en este campo y, finalmente, se expone una serie de cuestiones de índole judicial y policial. Se trata de un enfoque multidisciplinar, en que se integran aspectos criminológicos, penales y procesales. Tiene una finalidad práctica, destinada a la prevención, a la detección precoz y a la mejora en la lucha contra estas tipologías delictivas.
Design and Numerical Simulation of an Axial Blood Pump
Authors: Bodnár T. , Linkeová I. , Pirkl L.
Published: February 2025

This paper shows a first version of a new geometrical and computational model of a Ventricular Assist Device (VAD). The main aim and purpose of this model is to serve as a computational test case and benchmark for mutual cross-comparison of numerical simulations employing different grids, solvers, and additional mathematical model extensions. The simplified VAD was designed as a fully parametric adjustable geometry, allowing for easy change of the essential model shape parameters to assess their effect on the VAD’s performance. The description of the newly developed VAD geometry is presented, briefly describing its structure and main shape parameters. The first numerical simulations of the flow in the resulting VAD model are presented, based on the OpenFOAM finite-volume solver implemented in the TCAE Engineering Simulation Environment. The presented first numerical results show the applicability of the newly developed VAD’s model geometry for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) evaluation and benchmarking.
Impinging Effervescent Atomizers: Design Insights
Authors: Cejpek O. , Malý M. , Hájek J. , Jedelský J.
Published: February 2025

Design and performance of an impinging effervescent atomizer are investigated in this study. Effervescent atomizers were adapted to a multi-orifice design to address limitations in single orifice setups as small spray cone angle (SCA) and small area coverage. High-speed imaging and Phase Doppler anemometry were used to assess liquid discharge behaviour, droplet size, and spray stability. The experiments analysed various design parameters, including the diameter of the mixing chamber, the diameter of the exit orifice, and pitch circle diameter, under different gas-to-liquid ratios (GLR) and inlet fluid configurations (central air vs. central liquid). Results indicate that the inlet fluid configuration significantly affects discharge stability, with the central liquid configuration showing low-frequency oscillation, which lowers spray quality. Although the discharge coefficient was unaffected by design variations, the droplet size was influenced by the pitch circle diameter and the GLR, with the latter being the dominant factor. The findings provide insight into optimizing the design for stable and efficient operation of the impinging effervescent atomizer.
Development and Sensitivity Analysis of CFD-Based Bread Baking Model
Authors: Hlavatý T. , Rýc J. , Isoz M. , Sluková M. , Moucha T.
Published: February 2025

Bread baking stands as one of the earliest and most important industrial processes, wherein the dough undergoes complex chemical and physical transformations leading to the final product. Regarding process optimization, bakeries historically relied on the ”cook and look” method because providing a proper physical description of the process is highly challenging. Our ultimate and long-term goal is to provide a methodology to optimize the energy consumption of the industrial bread-baking process. In this contribution, we delineate the fundamentals of design and implementation of the fully resolved CFD model of internal mass and heat transfer inside the bread. The external transfer limitations are employed using the external transfer coefficients. The model results are validated and cross-verified with existing literature, and the model sensitivity to the variations of the evaporation coefficient and solid heat conductivity is examined. Evaporation coefficient influences especially the total moisture content and the surface temperature, while the solid heat conductivity affects the center bread temperature significantly.
Comparison of Different Limiters in MUSCL Reconstruction for the Numerical Solution of Compressible Flow
Authors: Holman J.
Published: February 2025

The contribution deals with the comparison and selection of suitable limiter functions in MUSCL reconstruction, with a focus on high velocity compressible fluid flows. The numerical solution is obtained by the nite volume method based on the HLLC Riemann solver with the MUSCL reconstruction using di erent limiters. The limiter functions are first tested on the well-known transonic inviscid flow through the GAMM channel, then on the transonic turbulent flow past the RAE 2822 airfoil, and nally on the hypersonic viscous flow over acompressible ramp.
Data Reduction Methods in Turbomachinery Linear Blade Cascade Experiment
Authors: Kreuzová T. , Šafařík P. , Šimurda D. , Luxa M. , Škach R.
Published: February 2025

The work explores data reduction methods used in turbomachinery linear blade cascade experiment, such as area and mass averaging and Two-Dimensional Momentum Method, and their properties. Definitions of the most common methods are listed and the methods are tested on data sets acquired experimentally and also numerically. Differences in important characteristics of the blade cascade, such as kinetic energy loss coefficient, total pressure loss coefficient, or outlet angle, obtained by different methods are reported together with the change of conservative fluxes caused by reduction of the data. Information on the data reduction methods used by selected European research groups is provided.
POD Analysis of Stable and Unstable Effervescent Spray
Authors: Malý M. , Cejpek O. , Hájek J. , Jedelský J.
Published: February 2025

Effervescent atomization is influenced by the atomizer's internal geometry, operational parameters, and additional components, such as bubble-breakers or velocity profile modifying inserts. This study investigates the liquid discharge of three effervescent atomizers with a central liquid inlet at gas-to-liquid mass ratios (GLR) from 1 to 10%. The atomizers differ by having inserts in the liquid inlet line. These inserts aim to improve discharge stability by changing liquid velocity profile at the aeration point and reducing pressure waves through increase in liquid pressure-drop. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis shows that the inserts reduce spray unsteadiness and change dominant flow patterns. This results in finer sprays without presence of liquid jets. The stable configurations also show less variance concentrated in the dominant modes.
Numerical Investigation of Bi-Dimensional Flow in a Rotating Spherical Lid-Driven Cylindrical Cavity
Authors: Meziane A. , Yahi F. , Benbrik A.
Published: February 2025

Our work focuses on a numerical study of axisymmetric flows, of a viscous and incompressible fluid, generated by rotating the spherical end disks of a cylindrical or truncated conical cavity. The numerical simulation has revealed various secondary flow structures, due to the combined effects of the rotating and/or stationary boundaries, whose nature and number depend on the physical parameters Re=ΩbR20b (the Reynolds number) and on the radius ratio of the enclosure Λ = R2/ R1. In the case of a cylindrical cavity whose aspect ratio Λ ≥ 1.48, the study reveals the occurrence of axisymmetric bubbles, in the vicinity of the rotating axes, characterised by a stagnation point and an inverse flow (vortex breakdown).
Computationally Viable Approach to Twin-Fluid Internal Mixing Atomizer Modeling
Authors: Novosad P. , Malý M. , Cejpek O. , Hájek J. , Hájek O. , Jedelský J.
Published: February 2025

Internal mixing atomizers utilize the multiphase mixture expansion for liquid atomization not requiring fine channels prone to clogging. This study focuses on the issue of multiphase mixture formation and the effect of its character on the resulting spray formation phenomena. It employs Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approaches with the implementation of Volume of Fluid (VOF) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) methods in ANSYS FLUENT software. This publication provides a novel computational framework that reduces the computational cost while maintaining the accuracy of capturing key effects. Dividing the computational domain into separate sections for the mixing chamber and the detailed investigation of the discharge orifice. The results of this study show a strong correlation between simulation results and experimental measurements, providing insight into the internal flow mechanisms and also serving as a basis for improving the design process of these atomizers.
Turbulent Flow Control by a Combination of a Dimpled Surface, Blowing and a Synthetic Jet Inside the Dimples
Authors: Shkvar Y. , Kandume J.
Published: February 2025

The subject of the study is a scheme for the combined effect of two effectively interacting flow control methods, namely a dimpled surface and localized mass flux through a part of the surface inside the dimple to create an easy-to-use, cheap-to-manufacture streamlinedsurface of the desired design with a reliable and controlled effect of active influence onreducing aerodynamic drag. Special attention is paid to the periodic mode of the abovementionedmass flux, well known as a synthetic jet, implemented in the back of shallowellipsoidal dimples. In the latter case, it is possible to achieve an effect similar to intensivemicroblowing, but significantly reduce the cost of manufacturing a finely perforated surface,as well as its efficiency, since the dimple in this case works as a near-wall vortex generator,intensifying the spread of local blown flows over the surface. Special attention is paid todetermining the most effective modes of mass flux through a streamlined surface withdimples, as well as the preferred location and geometry of the implementation of blown holes arrays.
Species Transport Immersed Boundary Solver for QCM Biosensor: Initial Developments
Authors: Studeník O. , Kubíčková L. , Kočí P. , Isoz M.
Published: February 2025

Detection of life-threatening pathogens in water can be done by Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) biosensors. The pathogenic species get trapped at the crystal surface leading to a measurable change in the crystal resonant frequency. As a microfluidic device, QCM operates under diffusion-limited conditions and in its current design, most of the analyte is trapped in regions with no or limited crystal sensitivity. Our long term goal is to improve the QCM sensor sensitivity through optimization of its geometry. The optimization will leverage the immersed boundary method to mitigate the need of creating a separate mesh for each tested design. The device performance will be evaluated by simulating the analyte transport in the sensor. In this contribution, we present the development and verification of a mass-preserving flux correction at the immersed boundary, which is the basis of the required transient solver for analyte transport in the presence of immersed boundaries.
Hydrodynamic Instabilities in Spherical Couette Flow with Free Surface Effects: Experiments and Simulations
Authors: Tigrine Z. , Yahi F. , Lecheheb S. , Mokhtari F. , Bouabdallah A.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an experimental and numerical study of hydrodynamic instabilities of an incompressible viscous fluid contained between two concentric spheres whose the inner one rotating (Ω1≠0) while the outer is at rest (Ω2=0). The flow system, totally or partially filled through the aspect ratio Г=H/d of the fluid is defined by clearance ratio δ = d/R1 in small gap configuration (δ = 0.11). The main aim is to investigate the effect of the aspect ratio on the instabilities in field flow system with free surface using water as working fluid. Experiments are performed for different aspect ratio values and Laser photometric technique is used for visualization. Our observations are compared to the flow system totally filled. The effect of free surface on the onset of axisymmetric Taylor vortices instability and oscillating vortices are examined in the spherical Couette flow annulus. A good agreement was observed between experimental and numerical results showing that the wavy mode is accelerated for weak aspect ratio.
Coupled Vibroacoustic Problem Inspired by Human Phonation
Authors: Valášek Jan , Hubálek Jiří
Published: February 2025

The contribution deals with the 2D vibro-acoustic model inspired by human phonation. Its aim is to demonstrate the in uence of vocal fold compliance on acoustic resonant frequencies. Vibro-acoustic coupling is highlighted under speci c conditions, particularly when elastic and acoustic frequencies coincide, as seen in phonation into tubes or straws of suitable lengths used in voice therapy. Here, vocal folds vibrations are modelled using linear elasticity theory and acoustics is described by wave equation. Both coupled subproblems are formulated in the frequency domain and numerically approximated by the nite element method. In the end the numerical results of the obtained resonant frequencies and their analysis are presented.
An Approximation Procedure for Steady Navier – Stokes Flow
Authors: Varnhorn W.
Published: February 2025

The motion of a steady viscous incompressible fluid flow in bounded domains with a smooth boundary can be described by the nonlinear Navier-Stokes system (N). This description corresponds to the so-called Eulerian approach. We present an approximation method for (N) in the steady case by a suitable coupling of the Eulerian and the Lagrangian representation of the flow, where the latter is defined by the trajectories of the particles of the fluid. The method leads to a sequence of uniquely determined approximate solutions with a high degree of regularity, which contains a convergent subsequence with limit function v such that v is a weak solution on (N).
Effect of Blade Vibrations on Turbulence Structure
Authors: Yanovych V. , Tsymbalyuk V. , Duda D. , Uruba V. , Klimko M.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the influence of blade vibrations on the turbulent flow structure within a low-pressure turbine blade cascade. Hot-wire anemometry was applied to compare flow patterns around a stationary blade and those during bending and torsional vibrations. The experiments were conducted at a flow velocity corresponding to a chord-based Reynolds number of Rec = 2.3×105 and an excitation frequency of 73 Hz. The results demonstrate that, unlike torsion, bending vibrations reduce the streamwise velocity deficit by 5% downstream of the blade compared to its stationary state. Furthermore, bending vibrations enhance the formation of large vortices, resulting in a fivefold increase in the integral length scale. In contrast, the Kolmogorov microscale remains unchanged under all experimental scenarios, reaching its minimum in the wake region and maximum in the inter-blade space.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Otosclerosis Surgery
Authors: Néma Kristýna , Chrobok Viktor , Mejzlík Jan , Pavlík Vladimír , Školoudík Lukáš
Published: February 2025

Background: During otosclerosis surgery, operative trauma can lead to decreased bone conduction. Aims: The study aims to observe the bone conduction changes after otosclerosis operations and analyse possible factors affecting the postoperative decrease in bone conduction. Material and Methods: Authors retrospectively processed the data of 109 patients and evaluated pure tone audiometry before surgery and consequently 2 days, 1 month and 1 year after surgery. Results: We noted a deterioration of bone conduction >5 dB on the second postoperative day in 28% (30/109) of patients, which persisted one year after the surgery in 9% (10/109) cases. Analysis of individual factors affecting bone conduction loss revealed a higher risk of permanent loss of bone conduction in patients with early postoperative loss in higher frequencies, in older patients and patients with a preoperative threshold of bone conduction >20 dB. Revision surgery was not a statistically significant factor. Conclusion and Significance: The bone conduction decrease after otosclerosis surgery is usually temporary. The recovery of bone conduction is influenced by the age of patients and the level of bone conduction before the surgery. The early postoperative decrease of bone conduction in higher frequencies is a negative predictive factor for permanent hearing loss.
Visual Acuity Screening of Refugees and Immigrants with a Web-Based Digital Test: A Pilot Study
Authors: Bakirtzis Minas , Michaleakou Eirini , Martidou Maria-Eleni , Lahana Eleni , Kostagiolas Petros , Niakas Dimitris , Labiris Georgios
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To screen visual acuity in two refugee camps in Greece and explore the feasibility of replicating these methods on a nationwide scale. Methods: Visual acuity was assessed in all participants using web-based Democritus Digital Acuity & Reading Test (DDART). Furthermore, the immigrants responded to a structured questionnaire regarding their demographics and medical history. Results: A total of 330 adult refugees and immigrants were recruited. A total of 47.3% of the patients had never undergone ophthalmological examination. A significant negative correlation was detected between age (r = −0.207, p < 0.001) and educational background (r = −0.135, p = 0.014), suggesting that younger immigrants who had attended compulsory education were more likely to have their eyes checked in their home country. A total of 6.97% of patients presented with impaired vision and were referred for further care. All remote DDART measurements presented no differences from the corresponding hospital-based data in the referred cases. Conclusions: Visual acuity screening using DDART provides valuable information regarding the visual capacity of refugees. The study outcomes suggest that pilot methods can be replicated on a nationwide scale. Clinical trials. Gov number NCT05209581; date of registration: January 13, 2022. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. Patients Consent Statement: The patients sign written consent form.
Preponderance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with partially damaged tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) obtained from local markets in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Omotayo Olumide Ekundayo , Faniyi Fayokemi Blessing , Akinola Omowumi Temitayo , Oyeku Oyeshina Gideon
Published: February 2025

Ripened tomato fruits tend to rapidly deteriorate after harvest due to the physiological activities of plant hormones and their naturally high-water content, which makes them susceptible to spoilage by microorganisms. This study was therefore carried out to isolate, characterize and identify pathogenic bacteria associated with partially rotten tomato fruits. Partially rotten tomato fruit samples were sourced from local markets in Southwest Nigeria and subjected to bacterial analysis. The level of susceptibility of the bacteria isolates to commonly used ?-lactamase antibiotics was evaluated via the disc diffusion method. The bacterial isolates with the highest resistance to all the antibiotics tested were selected for molecular characterization using 16S rRNA gene profiling. Forty-two bacterial isolates were obtained from the tomato samples, namely Bacillus spp. (26.19%), Klebsiella spp. (16.67%), Serratia spp. (14.29%), Citrobacter spp. (14.29%), Staphylococcus spp. (7.14%), Pseudomonas spp. (4.76%), Micrococcus spp. (4.76%), Enterobacter spp. (4.76%), Providencia sp. (2.38%), Proteus sp. (2.38%) and Salmonella sp. (2.38%). The highest level of antibiotic resistance of the bacterial isolates was against Ciprofloxacin (10 ?g) at 100%, followed by Zinnacef (20 ?g) at 72.77%, while the highest susceptibility was against Streptomycin (30 ?g) at 94.74%. Using phylogenetic analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequence, three bacteria that were resistant to every single drug tested were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter asburiae and Enterobacter cloacae. This study shows that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are present in partially damaged tomatoes; thus, consumption of improperly cooked tomatoes could pose a significant public health risk.
Learner-generated content, task engagement, affective response, and memory on technology-mediated conversation tasks
Authors: Lambert Craig , Aubrey Scott
Published: February 2025

This study provides insight into the role of learner-generated content (LGC) in affective response and engagement during interactive tasks on a video conferencing platform. It also examines task content, affect and conation with respect to recall of the language used on tasks. The performances of four learners on recommendation tasks are analyzed in detail, comparing LGC with teacher-generated content (TGC). Results reveal that when listening to technology-mediated recommendations based on LGC, the information-receivers in the study took a more active role in the online tasks, interacted more with the speakers, displayed more positive emotions, felt more interested and focused, and were better able to recall the language and content that the speakers used. The results also revealed that the impact of LGC was consistent across learners of different first languages (Chinese, Indonesian), genders (female, male) and cultures (Confucian, Muslim) and that the effect of LGC in one technology-mediated context was comparable to the effects of LGC documented in previous research in face-to-face contexts. The study expands research on the role of the learner in task-based language teaching to measures of affect via facial analysis as well as language retention by learners in the receptive role of technology-mediated interactive tasks.
TenGraph: A Tensor-Based Graph Query Engine
Authors: Li Guanghua , Zhang Hao , Sun Xibo , Luo Qiong , Zhu Yuanyuan
Published: February 2025

We propose a novel tensor-based approach to in-memory graph query processing. Tensors are multi-dimensional arrays, and have been utilized as data units in deep learning frameworks such as TensorFlow and PyTorch. Through tensors, these frameworks encapsulate optimized hardware-dependent code for automatic performance improvement on modern processors. Inspired by this practice, we explore how to utilize tensors to efficiently process graph queries. Specifically, we design a succinct storage format for tensors to represent graph topology effectively and compose graph query operations using tensor computation on batches of vertices. We have developed TenGraph, our PyTorch-based prototype, and evaluated it on graph query benchmark workloads in comparison with a variety of CPU- and GPU-based systems. Our experimental results show that TenGraph not only achieves a speedup of 50-100 times on the GPU over the CPU but also outperforms the other CPU- and GPU-based systems significantly.
Generalizable Data Cleaning of Tabular Data in Latent Space
Authors: Reis Eduardo , Abdelaal Mohamed , Binnig Carsten
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we present a new method for learned data cleaning. In contrast to existing methods, our method learns to clean data in the latent space. The main idea is that we (1) shape the latent space such that we know the area where clean data resides and (2) learn latent operators trained on error repair (Lopster) which shift erroneous data (e.g., table rows with noise, outliers, or missing values) in their latent representation back to a "clean" region, thus abstracting the complexities of the input domain. When formulating data cleaning as a simple shift operation in latent space, we can repair all types of errors using the same method which makes it more robust than other methods. Importantly, with our method, we can handle errors that are unseen during the training of our error repair model. We do not rely on an external error detection method as seen in the state-of-the-art, instead, we handle both detection and repair within the Lopster framework. In our evaluation, we show that our approach outperforms existing cleaning methods even when trained on only a subset of the errors that occur in the dirty data.
Analytical performance evaluation and optimization of serum 25(OH)D LC-MS/MS measurement
Authors: Zhou Weiyan , Gong Meiliang , Mao Yuanli , Yuan Xiaofen , Deng Yuhang , Zhang Qianwen , Guo Wei , Qiu Ling , Huang Xianzhang , Cao Zheng , Xia Jun , She Xuhui , Cong Yulong , Zhang Chuanbao , Liu Huafen , Chen Wenxiang
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is key in clinical labs, but inter-laboratory variations risk diagnostic errors. This study evaluates the performance of current in-house liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods used in top Chinese clinical laboratories and proposes an optimized method for improving serum 25(OH)D measurement accuracy and reliability.

Methods

Seven serum pools with different concentrations of 25(OH)D were prepared and sent to 12 participating laboratories for multiple repeat analysis with their current in-house LC-MS/MS methods and then an optimized LC-MS/MS method. Precision was assessed in terms of coefficient of variance (CV), and trueness was assessed in terms of bias referring to the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) reference measurement procedure (RMP). The analytical performances of the two methods were compared and evaluated.

Results

Eighty percent and 90 % of the laboratories achieved the defined performance criteria (CV, <12.5 %; mean bias, <8.3 %) with the optimized method for the measurement of 25(OH)D2 and 25(OH)D3, compared with 43 % and 57 % of the laboratories meeting the criteria with their in-house methods, respectively. Precision and trueness improved after applying the optimized method. Although the optimized method didn’t not ensure that all laboratory samples meet the measurement uncertainty (MU) criteria (MU<13.6 %), particularly for low-concentration samples, it significantly reduced the MU compared to the in-house method.

Conclusions

Precision, trueness and MU improved after applying the optimized method. Nonetheless, more efforts are needed to ensure the reliability and accuracy of 25(OH)D measurements in clinical laboratories in China.
Evidence-based assessment of the application of Six Sigma to infectious disease serology quality control
Authors: Dimech Wayne , Vincini Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

Objectives

Recently, four publications have applied Sigma metrics to infectious disease serology testing. Three studies applied Sigma metrics to assays in a blood bank setting, whereas one used anti-toxoplasma testing in a diagnostic laboratory. One of the four studies applied the approach to microtitre plate enzyme immunoassays, whereas the other three were on fully automated chemiluminescent assay. The approaches used by each study differed in the approach used to calculate imprecision, measured as a percentage coefficient of variation, and bias. All four studies used the difference between the mean of the quality control result and the assay cut-off to describe the total allowable error.

Methods

This paper compares and critically reviews the methods used to calculate the Sigma value for each assay in the four studies and provides an evidence-based assessment of these approaches using real-world quality control data obtained from the National Serology Reference Laboratory, Australia (NRL) QConnect™ quality control program.

Results

The assessment found that there was a lack of standardisation in the application of Sigma metrics for infectious disease testing, including examples of inappropriate assumptions being used. Westgard Sigma Rules suggest that assays found to have a Sigma value of six or greater can be monitored using two quality control measures and applying a single mean ± three standard deviation rule.

Conclusions

Although this approach will significantly reduce the number of false rejections generated by using the full range of Westgard rules, we provide evidence that even this approach can potentially cause true errors to be missed.