bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of venous return in steady-state physiology and asphyxia-induced circulatory shock and arrest: an experimental study
Authors: Chalkias Athanasios , Laou Eleni , Papagiannakis Nikolaos , Varvarousi Giolanda , Ragias Dimitrios , Koutsovasilis Anastasios , Makris Demosthenes , Varvarousis Dimitrios , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Pantazopoulos Ioannis , Xanthos Theodoros
Published: April 2022

Background

Mean circulatory filling pressure (Pmcf) provides information on stressed volume and is crucial for maintaining venous return. This study investigated the Pmcf and other determinants of venous return in dysrhythmic and asphyxial circulatory shock and arrest.

Methods

Twenty Landrace/Large-White piglets were allocated into two groups of 10 animals each. In the dysrhythmic group, ventricular fibrillation was induced with a 9 V cadmium battery, while in the asphyxia group, cardiac arrest was induced by stopping and disconnecting the ventilator and clamping the tracheal tube at the end of exhalation. Mean circulatory filling pressure was calculated using the equilibrium mean right atrial pressure at 5–7.5 s after the onset of cardiac arrest and then every 10 s until 1 min post-arrest. Successful resuscitation was defined as return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with a MAP of at least 60 mmHg for a minimum of 5 min.

Results

After the onset of asphyxia, a ΔPmca increase of 0.004 mmHg, 0.01 mmHg, and 1.26 mmHg was observed for each mmHg decrease in PaO2, each mmHg increase in PaCO2, and each unit decrease in pH, respectively. Mean Pmcf value in the ventricular fibrillation and asphyxia group was 14.81 ± 0.5 mmHg and 16.04 ± 0.6 mmHg (p < 0.001) and decreased by 0.031 mmHg and 0.013 mmHg (p < 0.001), respectively, for every additional second passing after the onset of cardiac arrest. With the exception of the 5–7.5 s time interval, post-cardiac arrest right atrial pressure was significantly higher in the asphyxia group. Mean circulatory filling pressure at 5 to 7.5 s after cardiac arrest predicted ROSC in both groups, with a cut-off value of 16 mmHg (AUC = 0.905, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Mean circulatory filling pressure was higher in hypoxic hypercapnic conditions and decreased at a lower rate after cardiac arrest compared to normoxemic and normocapnic state. A Pmcf cut-off point of 16 mmHg at 5–7.5 s after cardiac arrest can highly predict ROSC.
Drinking alcohol raises the chance of premarital sex by four folds among secondary school adolescent students in Jima Arjo, Southwestern Ethiopia, 2018: a school-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Biratu Bayisa , Garoma Sileshi , Getachew Motuma , Desalegn Markos
Published: April 2022

Background

Premarital sexual practice is sexual intercourse performed before formal marriage. Pre-marital sexual practice increases adolescents’ risk for having multiple sexual partners, (sexually transmitted disease) STDs, and unintended pregnancy.

Objective

The study aimed to assess the prevalence of premarital sexual practice and associated factors among secondary school (9–12 grade) students in the Jima Arjo district.

Methods

Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among adolescent students from May 1st to 15th using a pre-tested and structured questionnaire. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select study participants. The collected data was cleaned and entered into(statistical package for social science) SPSS version 20. Factors associated with the pre-marital sexual practice were identified by multiple logistic regression analyses.

Results

The over all premarital sexual practice in this study area was 24.4%. Being alcoholdrinker(AOR[95%CI] = 3.78[1.49,22.08]),havingaboy/girlfriend(AOR[95%CI] = 5.07[3.74,26.47]), (being male) (AOR[95%CI] = 2.9[1.78,37.8]); urban residence (AOR[95%CI] = 6.44 [1.95,25.84]).

Conclusions

The study revealed that a significant proportion of adolescent students in this study area practiced premarital sex. Being male sex, urban residence, using alcohol use and having a boy/girlfriend significantly affect premarital sexual practice. Therefore, school and community-based sexual health education, and communication need to be intensified to reduce premarital sex and further health consequences.
A pragmatic study of congratulation strategies of Pakistani ESL learners and British English speakers
Authors: Saleem Aisha , Saleem Tahir , Aziz Asif
Published: April 2022

People usually express their feelings and emotions positively to others when they have happy occasions. However, the ways of expressing congratulation may vary because the expressive speech act “congratulations” is not the only way to express happiness and share others their happy news. The present study investigates the congratulation strategies of Pakistani English as second language (ESL) learners and British English speakers under the influence of social distance variable. A quantitative approach is applied in the analysis with the frequency of strategies (semantic formulas) being numerically analyzed. The current study recruited 120 participants, and who were further divided into four different groups: 30 British English speakers, 30 Pakistani ESL learners in the elite class, 30 Pakistani ESL learners of the middle class, and 30 Pakistani ESL learners in the lower class. For data collection, a discourse completion test (DCT) was used as a tool. The findings reveal that the most frequently used types of congratulation strategy areillocutionary force indicating device(IFID) followed by overlapped strategies (a combination of two),an offer of a good wish, expression of happiness, request for information, encouragement, expression of surprise, and suggestion of celebration, while other types of strategies are not used by the participants. The study reveals the existence of crosscultural differences in the use of congratulations by Pakistani ESL learners. The findings further show how the middle and lower class of Pakistani ESL learners use a more elaborated form of compliment responses (CRs) as compared to Pakistani ESL learners of elite and British English speakers. The findings may help in understanding the pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic aspects of Pakistani ESL learners as compared to British English speakers.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound: a new tool for imaging the superficial lymphatic vessels of the upper limb
Authors: Lahtinen Olli , Vanninen Ritva , Rautiainen Suvi
Published: April 2022

Background

Despite the new lymphatic imaging methods, there is still a need for a straightforward method of detecting lymphatic abnormalities. Our goal was to investigate the feasibility of applying a contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) procedure as a new approach for visualising the superficial lymphatic vessels of the upper limb.

Methods

Thirty healthy volunteers were examined with CEUS after bilateral intradermal injection of Sonazoid® contrast agent in distal antebrachium. We registered factors affecting intradermal injections, imaging of the superficial lymphatic vessels and the enhancement time of contrast agent reaching the levels of elbow and axilla.

Results

CEUS imaging of superficial lymphatic vessels was successful in 59 of 60 upper limbs (98.3%). Median [interquartile ranges] enhancement times of contrast agent to reach the elbow (right 18 s [11–25], left 15 s [12–25]) and axilla (right 77 s [33–118], left 66 s [42–115]) were equally fast. Successful intradermal injections were found to result in two types of contrast enhancement (strong or moderate), while the enhancement time depended on the type of the successful injection. No major differences in enhancement times were observed related to sex, body mass index, age, or side of the arm.

Conclusions

The superficial lymphatic pathways of the upper limb can be visualised with CEUS imaging. Since enhancement time is dependent on the success of intradermal injections, one must pay attention to the injection technique. Further studies are needed to evaluate the method in patients with lymphatic function disorders such as breast cancer therapy related lymphoedema.
The siderophore-producing bacterium, Bacillus siamensis Gxun-6, has an antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum and promotes the growth of banana
Authors: Shen Naikun , Li Shuyan , Li ShiYong , Zhang Hongyan , Jiang Mingguo
Published: April 2022

Background

Fusarium wilt of banana is a soil-borne disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum formea speciales (f.sp.) cubense with the Tropical Race 4 (FOC TR4), which seriously restricts the development of the banana industry. The utilization of antagonistic microorganisms to inhibit the propagation of pathogens has become a hot research topic in the field of biological prevention and control because of its green and efficient advantages.

Results

In this study, 60 siderophore strains from banana rhizosphere soil were screened. Three strains showing antifungal activity were screened out using FOC TR4 as the antagonistic pathogen. Among them, the strain Gxun-6 showed the highest antifungal activity, of up to 68.8%. It also showed significant inhibitory effect on the other 8 plant pathogens tested, thereby demonstrating broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Combined with colony morphology, physiological and biochemical analysis, and 16S rRNA evolutionary tree analysis, Gxun-6 was identified as Bacillus siamensis. Pot experiments showed that this strain had remarkable Fusarium wilt prevention and growth-promoting effect on banana. The control effect can reach 88.26%. The fresh weight increased by 25.36%.

Conclusions

The strain had strong Fusarium wilt control and growth promoting effects on banana and can be used as a strain resource for developing banana.
CT severity score: an imaging biomarker to estimate the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in vaccinated and non-vaccinated population
Authors: Gurumurthy Balasubramanian , Das Sudha Kiran , Shetty Sachin , Veerabhadrappa Rakesh Chowkalli , Kosinepalli Sai Siddartha , Dharamaraju Swathi Hassan
Published: April 2022

Background

In India, two vaccines received emergent use authorization, namely Covishield (a brand of the Oxford—Astra Zeneca vaccine manufactured by the Serum institute of India) and Covaxin (developed by Bharat Biotech) against COVID-19 disease. Chest CT is an objective way to assess the extent of pulmonary parenchymal involvement. This study aims to estimate the disease severity and outcome due to COVID-19 among vaccinated and non-vaccinated symptomatic patients and compare the same in Covishield versus Covaxin recipients using CT severity score.

Results

A total of 306 patients were retrospectively evaluated. The mean age was 62.56 ± 8.9 years, and males [n-208 (67.97%)] were commonly affected. Of 306 patients, 143 were non-vaccinated (47%), 124 were partially vaccinated (40%), and 39 were completely vaccinated (13%). CT severity scores were reduced in both Covishield and Covaxin recipients in comparison with the non-vaccinated group [χ2 (2) = 16.32, p < 0.001]. There is a reduction in LOS among the vaccinated group, predominantly among the Covishield recipients.

Conclusion

Vaccination confers protection from severe SARS-CoV2 infection and is associated with an overall reduction in mortality.
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency in a Boy with Type I Diabetes: The Importance of Considering X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Wiersma Rebecca E , Gupta Ashish O , Lund Troy C , Sarafoglou Kyriakie , Pierpont Elizabeth I , Orchard Paul J , Miller Bradley S
Published: April 2022

Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is often the first clinical sign of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD), a rare genetic disorder that can present with various clinical phenotypes. A subset of boys with X-ALD develop cerebral ALD (cALD), characterized by progressive central demyelination, neurocognitive decline, and ultimately death. Timely intervention with hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) can be a life-saving therapy by stopping progression of cerebral disease. We report the case of an 11-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes mellitus who presented with PAI, growth delay, and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Given his history of T1DM, his PAI was presumed to be autoimmune and he was started on hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone. Eleven months later brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed white matter hyperintensity consistent with advanced cALD. The degree of disease progression at the time of diagnosis rendered the patient ineligible for transplant and he has continued to experience progressive neurologic decline. Initial symptoms of cALD are often subtle but should not be overlooked, as early identification of X-ALD is critical to allow early intervention with lifesaving HCT. PAI typically presents prior to the onset of neurologic symptoms. All boys who present with PAI should undergo workup for X-ALD with plasma very long chain fatty acid testing, even in the setting of underlying autoimmune disease.
This Could Be Housing; or, What Is a Demand Anyway?
Authors: Akbar Amna A.
Published: April 2022

Today’s left movements are rejecting neoliberalism and pivoting toward mass politics through an array of strategies and tactics. Struggles for reforms—or nonreformist reforms—loom large. This essay examines Occupy Wall Street, defund the police, and relations between the Green New Deal and the Red Deal as a way to contribute to critical thinking about demands in popular struggles from below and the left. The author’s aim is to push us toward a stickier vocabulary through which to think with today’s movements and their demands, as a way to participate in building popular understandings and struggles that have the potential to reconstitute the political, economic, and social.
Decolonizing Legal Subjects in Climate Chaos
Authors: Harris Angela P.
Published: April 2022

The path of decolonization has always been difficult to walk, mazed as it is with contradictions and double binds, but the existential threat of climate change adds new urgency. This essay suggests that decolonial legal practice be organized around, not the struggle for new rights, but the struggle to imagine new legal subjects. Two types of legal-ontological work are described: rethinking the legal subjecthood of nonhuman entities, and rethinking the legal subjecthood of human collectivities. Although law schools have not yet recognized the urgency of this work, movements organized around “justice” are already leading the way.
Organization of minicircle cassettes and guide RNA genes in Trypanosoma brucei
Authors: Cooper Sinclair , Wadsworth Elizabeth S. , Schnaufer Achim , Savill Nicholas J.
Published: April 2022

Mitochondrial DNA of protists of order Kinetoplastida comprises thousands of interlinked circular molecules arranged in a network. There are two types of molecules called minicircles and maxicircles. Minicircles encode guide RNA (gRNA) genes whose transcripts mediate post-transcriptional editing of maxicircle encoded genes. Minicircles are diverse. The human sleeping sickness parasite Trypanosoma brucei has one of the most diverse sets of minicircle classes of all studied trypanosomatids with hundreds of different classes, each encoding one to four genes mainly within cassettes framed by 18 bp inverted repeats. A third of cassettes have no identifiable gRNA genes even though their sequence structures are similar to cassettes with identifiable genes. Only recently have almost all minicircle classes for some subspecies and isolates of T. brucei been sequenced and annotated with corresponding verification of gRNA expression by small-RNA transcriptome data. These data sets provide a rich resource for understanding the structure of minicircle classes, cassettes and gRNA genes and their transcription. Here, we provide a statistical description of the functionality, expression status, structure and sequence of gRNA genes in a differentiation-competent, laboratory-adapted strain of T. brucei. We obtain a clearer definition of what is a gRNA gene. Our analysis supports the idea that many, if not all, cassettes without an identifiable gRNA gene contain decaying remnants of once functional gRNA genes. Finally, we report several new, unexplained discoveries such as the association between cassette position on the minicircle and gene expression and functionality, and the association between gene initiation sequence and anchor position.
Personal protective equipment used by obstetricians and obstetric nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mansoura, Egypt
Authors: Khashaba Eman , El-Gilany Abdel-Hady , Shalaby Hend , El-Kurdy Rania
Published: April 2022

Background: This study was done to describe the pattern of personal protective equipment (PPE) use, associated factors, and adverse events among obstetricians and obstetric nurses in obstetrics & gynecology departments. 

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Obstetrics & Gynecology departments in three hospitals (physician & nurses n=252) using an online Google form including demographic and occupational health data, type of available personal protective equipment during usual care, CS and emergency labor, infection control measures and hazards of full PPE use.

Results Full PPE use was 37.7% during CS and 34.9% during emergency labor. The significant predictors of wearing full PPE during CS were daily work hours > 8 hours and receiving formal training about PPE use. During CS & emergency labor most of HCws used sterile gloves and sterile fluid resistant gowns and surgical mask.to less extent used face shields or tight fitting googles and one tenth (11.8%) only used N95. The most common health effects of full PPE use was sense of heat (79.5%).

Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic more vigorous respiratory (N95 mask) and eye protection is required during aerosol-generating procedures. Formal training is an evident predictor for full PPE use.
Cross-sectional study to assess etiology and associated factors for anaemia during first trimester of pregnancy in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka: a protocol
Authors: Amarasinghe Gayani , Mendis Vasana , Agampodi Thilini , Agampodi Suneth
Published: April 2022

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, is a significant global health problem. Despite Sri Lanka’s strong public health system and commitment towards prevention, maternal anaemia remains a major problem in the country. While prevention is focused on iron deficiency, detailed etiological studies on this topic are scarce. Moreover, estimates of socio demographic and economic factors associated with anaemia in pregnancy, which can provide important clues for anaemia control, are also lacking. This study aims to evaluate the hemoglobin distribution, and geographical distribution, contribution of known aetiologies and associated factors for anaemia in pregnant women in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study of pregnant women in their first trimester registered for antenatal care from July to September 2019 in Anuradhapura district. The minimal sample size was calculated to be 1866. Initial data collection has already been carried out in special field clinics for pregnant women between June to October 2019. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a self-completed dietary questionnaire and an examination checklist were used for data collection. In addition, all participants underwent complete blood count testing. Further investigations are being conducted for predicting the etiology of anaemia based on a developed algorithm (such as high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] and peripheral blood film analysis).

Discussion: Being the largest study on anaemia during pregnancy in a single geographical area in Sri Lanka, this study will provide important clues about geographical clustering of anaemia cases with similar etiology, associated factors and etiologies which would help to develop interventions to improve the health of pregnant women in the area. The possibility of selection bias is a potential limitation associated with the study design.
Women’s groups and COVID-19: An evidence review on savings groups in Africa
Authors: Adegbite Olayinka , Anderson Leigh , Chidiac Sybil , Dirisu Osasuyi , Grzeslo Jenna , Hakspiel Julia , Holla Chinmaya , Janoch Emily , Jafa Krishna , Jayaram Shubha , Majara Grace , Mulyampiti Tabitha , Namisango Eve , Noble Eva , Onyishi Bukola , Panetta David , Siwach Garima , Sulaiman Munshi , Walcott Rebecca , Desai Sapna , de Hoop Thomas
Published: April 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and some of the associated policy responses have resulted in significant gendered impacts that may reverse recent progress in gender equality, including in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper presents emerging evidence from studies in diverse contexts in sub-Saharan Africa —with a deep dive into Nigeria and Uganda—on how COVID-19 has affected women’s groups, especially savings groups, and how these groups have helped mitigate the gendered effects of the pandemic’s and the associated policy responses’ consequences up until April 2021. The synthesis presents evidence that savings groups found ways to continue operating, provided leadership opportunities for women during the pandemic, and mitigated some of the negative economic consequences of COVID-19 on individual savings group members. Savings, credit, and group support from other members all likely contributed to the ability of groups to positively affect the resilience of women’s group member during COVID-19. Households with a female member in a savings group in Nigeria and Uganda have coped with the crisis better than those not in savings groups. While savings groups have shown the potential for resilience during the pandemic, they often faced financial challenges because of decreased savings, which sometimes resulted in the depletion of group assets. Savings groups also contributed to community responses and provided women a platform for leadership. These findings are consistent with a recent evidence synthesis on how past covariate shocks affected women’s groups and their members. We conclude the paper by presenting various policy recommendations to enable savings groups to achieve improvements in women’s empowerment and economic outcomes, and research recommendations to address some of the current evidence gaps on how COVID-19 is affecting women’s groups and their members.
Lebesgue’s functions and summability of functional series with speed almost everywhere
Authors: Türnpu Heino
Published: April 2022

This article contains no abstract.
Dense subalgebras in noncommutative Jordan topological algebras
Authors: Abel Mati
Published: April 2022

Wilansky conjectured in [12] that normed dense Q-algebras are full subalgebras of Banach algebras. Beddaa and  Oudadess proved in [2] that Wilansky’s conjecture was true. They showed that k-normed Q-algebras are full subalgebras of k-Banach algebras for each k∈(0,1]. Moreover, J. Pérez, L. Rico and A. Rodríguez showed in [8], Theorem 4, that this was also true in the case of noncommutative Jordan-Banach algebras. In the present paper this problem has been studied in a more general case. It is proved that all dense Q-subalgebras of topological algebras and of noncommutative Jordan topological algebras with continuous multiplication are full subalgebras. Some equivalent conditions that a dense subalgebra would be a Q-algebra (in subspace topology) in Q-algebras and in nonassociative Jordan Q-algebras with continuous multiplication are given.
On the sequence space defined by a sequence of moduli and on the rate-spaces
Authors: Soomer Virge
Published: April 2022

This article contains no abstract.
Spaces of strongly A-summable sequences
Authors: Bilgin Tunay
Published: April 2022

This article contains no abstract.
A note on Knopp’s core of a vector valued sequence
Authors: Loone Leiki
Published: April 2022

This article contains no abstract.
A proof of the Simons inequality
Authors: Oja Eve
Published: April 2022

This article contains no abstract.
Semi-parallel and parallel symplectic surfaces in the four-dimensional symplectic space
Authors: Parring Aivo
Published: April 2022

Parallel and semi-parallel symplectic surfaces in the symplectic space Sp4 are studied. It is proved that a symplectic surface is semi-parallel if and only if its tangent connection is flat. The parallel symplectic surfaces are characterized and the existence of semi-parallel symplectic surfaces which are not parallel is exhibited. The study is conducted by the method of moving frame.
Riesz summability with speed of orthogonal series
Authors: Saealle Natalia , Türnpu Heino
Published: April 2022

Sufficient conditions for summability with speed of orthogonal series are found.
Graph operations and categorical constructions
Authors: Kilp Mati , Knauer Ulrich
Published: April 2022

Most of the usual binary graph operations from disjoint union up to the complete product are interpreted categorically, using the categories Gra, CGra and EGra. This way it is proved that these categories have coproducts, products and tensor products. As a consequence, it turns out that the respective categories with strong morphisms SGra and SEGra do not admit any of these categorical constructions. It is shown that the functors derived from the respective tensor products and products in Gra, CGra and EGra have right adjoints.
Spectral systems with the one-way spectral mapping property
Authors: Kokk Arne
Published: April 2022

For Banach algebras we characterize spectral systems which satisfy the one-way spectral mapping property. We show that these spectral systems are determined by projective systems of multiplicative linear functionals of finitely generated subalgebras and, using this, we derive several consequences concerning multiplicative extensions of multiplicative linear functionals of subalgebras.
Reparameterization of second-order interaction effects through the covariance matrix
Authors: Nahtman Tatjana
Published: April 2022

It is demonstrated that the reparameterization of second-order interaction terms in ANOVA can be achieved by means of constraints on the covariance matrix. In particular, classical reparameterization conditions for fixed factors can be formulated in this way. The approach stresses the common nature of fixed and random factors in mixed linear analysis.
Weakly regular topological algebras and spectral extension property
Authors: Kokk Arne
Published: April 2022

Properties of weakly regular topological algebras are examined. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a commutative semisimple spectral algebra to have the spectral extension property for semisimple algebras is given. Some applications are also considered concerning the automatic continuity, unique uniform norm property and existence of algebra norms on topological algebras with functional spectrum.
Statistically pre-Cauchy sequences and bounded moduli
Authors: Gürdal Mehmet
Published: April 2022

Let x=(xk) be a sequence and let f be a bounded modulus. We prove that x is statistically pre-Cauchy if and only if 

limn 1/n2∑j,k≤nf(|xk−xj|)=0.

This implies a theorem due to Connor, Fridy and Kline [4].
The approximation property in terms of density in operator topologies
Authors: Pelander Anders
Published: April 2022

Some assertions concerning a Banach space are proven equivalent to the approximation property, improving and complementing results in [3] and [5].
S-nuclearity and n-diameters of infinite Cartesian products of bounded subsets in Banach spaces
Authors: Faried Nashat , Fathey Mona
Published: April 2022

In this paper we classify compact subsets of a normed space according to the rate of convergence to zero of its sequence {δn(B)} of Kolmogorov diameters. We introduce σ-compact sets to satisfy that {δn(B)}∈σ where σ is an ideal of convergent to zero sequences. Examples of sequence ideals are the ideals of rapidly decreasing sequences {λn} satisfying limn→∞λnnα=0 or radically decreasing sequences satisfying limn→∞(|λn|)1/n=0. In the case that σ is the ideal of rapidly decreasing sequences, this notion is identical to the S-nuclearity introduced by K. Astala and M. S. Ramanujan in 1987. We show that the infinite Cartesian product ∏i=1∞Bi of compact sets Bi is ℓp-compact in ℓp(Xi), for all p>0, if (δ0(Bi))∈S. In this case, we give upper estimates for the n-th diameters of ∏i=1∞Bi in ℓp(Xi) for any p>0.
Remarks on transfinite sequences of functions that preserve convergence
Authors: Činčura Juraj , Kostyrko Pavel , Šalát Tibor
Published: April 2022

In the paper [6] the author investigates sequences of functions (fn)n=1∞  preserving the convergence of sequences which are alternatively called conservative sequences of functions. In this note we extend this concept to the transfinite sequences of functions and prove that in this case the property of being conservative is equivalent to the property of being pointwise convergent. Then we introduce the concept of p-locally convergence for transfinite sequences of functions and show that if X is a locally Lindelöf first-countable T1-space and a transfinite sequence {fξ : X → R}ξ<Ω converges p-locally uniformly to a function f : X → R, then C(f) = Lim C(fξ) where C(f) denotes the set of all continuity points of f.
Applications of resampling approach to statistical problems of logical systems
Authors: Andronov Alexander , Fioshin Maxim
Published: April 2022

The resampling approach to the problem of confidence interval construction is considered. An efficiency of this approach is investigated for logical system characteristics. Proposed method allows to calculate the probability that obtained interval coverstrue value of characteristic. Empirical results show that true covering probability is close to appointed value.
About the data designs for estimation of genetic parameters in animal breeding studies
Authors: Kaart Tanel
Published: April 2022

The simple random one-way linear model and ANOVA estimators of random effects, variance components and intraclass correlation are studied. A related sire model in animal genetic studies is considered. The study is focused on the effect of data design on the accuracy of estimates. The patterns of sampling variances of estimates depending on the genetic determination of the trait and data design are examined and optimal designs for different genetic parameters are compared in the balanced case.
Pricing European-style options under jump diffusion processes with stochastic volatility: applications of Fourier transform
Authors: Kangro Raul , Pärna Kalev , Sepp Artur
Published: April 2022

We develop a general methodology for pricing European-style options under various stochastic processes via the Fourier transform. We generalize previous work in this field and present two approaches for solving the pricing problem: the characteristic formula which is an extension of Lewis (2001) work, and the Black-Scholes-style formula which is an extension and generalization of previous works by Heston (1993) and Bates (1996). We show how to apply our formulas for two types of asset price dynamics: 1) stochastic volatility models with price jumps at a stochastic jump intensity rate, 2) stochastic volatility models with price and volatility jumps. Convergence properties of Fourier integrals arising from both approaches are studied.
The projection-based multivariate density estimation
Authors: Kavaliauskas Mindaugas , Rudzkis Rimantas , Ruzgas Tomas
Published: April 2022

The paper discusses methods of estimation of the multivariate density function by using statistical estimates of the densities of the univariate sample projections. The Gaussian mixture model is analyzed. Density parametrization is applied and parameter calculation methods based on the parameters of projections are proposed. A simulation study is carried out and the simulation results are discussed.
Reparameterization and invariant covariance matrices of factors in linear models
Authors: Möls Tõnu , Nahtman Tatyana
Published: April 2022

Let the vector ζ consist of sampled random elements of factors in a linear mixed model. Let P be a permutation matrix. The covariance matrix D(ζ) is called P-invariant if D(ζ)=D(Pζ). It will be demonstrated that there is a strong correspondence between the spectrum of D(ζ) and certain reparametrization conditions on the factors. In particular, the classical reparametrization condition ∑ζi=0 has a clear presentation through the eigenvalues of D(ζ). This correspondence is useful for modelling data.
Differential and integral transformations of parametric functions in biometry
Authors: Möls Tõnu , Tuul Marek
Published: April 2022

We present some useful applications of linear statistical covariance modelling. The common classical model Y=Xβ+ε is assumed to contain at least one continuous variable in X. Treating the model as a parametric function Xβ, and applying certain linear operators on X, makes it possible to get additional information about the dependent variable Y.In particular, it is possible to estimate derivatives, Riemann integrals and Fourier transforms of the dependent variables. The proposed methods are illustrated on real chemical data of Lake Peipsi (Estonia/Russia). Examples cover the estimation of dynamics of changes in the concentration of chemical substances in Lake Peipsi, and the estimation of the total quantity of a substance heterogeneously distributed in the lake. Calculations are carried out with the SAS software.
Concerning continuity of inverse in quotients of topological algebras
Authors: Żelazko Wiesław
Published: April 2022

We construct a commutative complete unital locally convex algebra A, so that the operation of taking an inverse in A, x→x-1,  is continuous on the group G(A) of all invertible elements in A, but there is a closed ideal I ⊂ A such that the operation of taking an inverse is discontinuous in thequotient algebra A/I.
On the joint distribution of a linear and a quadratic form in skew normal variables
Authors: Gupta Arjun K. , Kollo Tõnu , Selart Anne
Published: April 2022

Let z be distributed as multivariate skew normal vector. We derive the joint moment generating function (m.g.f.) of a linear form and a quadratic form in z, and the conditions for their independence. The first two multivariate cumulants of the two forms are derived and applied in special cases. Finally a simulation example is presented.
M(r,s)-inequality for K(X,Y) in L(X,Y)
Authors: Haller Rainis , Johanson Marje , Oja Eve
Published: April 2022

We study Banach spaces X and Y for which the subspace of all compact operators K(X,Y) forms an ideal satisfying the M(r,s)-inequality in the space of all continuous linear operators L(X,Y). We prove that K(X,Y) is an M(r12r2,s12s2)- and an M(r1r22,s1s22)-ideal in L(X,Y) whenever K(X) and L(Y) are M(r1,s1)- and M(r2,s2)-ideals in span(K(X)∪IX) and span(K(Y)∪IY), respectively, with r1+s1/2>1 and r2+s2/2>1. Our results extend some well-known results on M-ideals.
On representations of stochastic processes by Radon measures on D(0,1)
Authors: Grala-Michalak Jolanta , Michalak Artur
Published: April 2022

We provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a stochastic process X = {Xt : t ∈ [0, 1]}, taking values in a real Banach space B, for the existence of a probability Radon measure on the space D((0, 1), B) such that the process {et : t ∈ [0, 1]} consisting of evaluationfunctionals is distributed as X. The condition may be easy verified for Levy processes.
Linear models with measurement errors arising from mixture distributions
Authors: Ronning Gerd
Published: April 2022

The paper considers the linear model with multiplicative measurement errors. In particular, errors arising from mixture distributions will be analyzed. Such a model has to be used if the micro data have been protected by multiplicative noise. If all (continuous) variables are anonymized jointly by this approach, measurement errors will be correlated which is of special concern if the dependent variable is measured with error, too. The paper presents results for the biased naive least-squares estimator both in case of cross-section data and panel data. Moreover, derivation of consistent estimators is shortly discussed.
An inclusion theorem for non-archimedean sequence spaces
Authors: Ain Kati
Published: April 2022

It is proved that a non-archimedean FK-space E includes the space c0 of null-sequences if and only if E includes the space l1` of absolutely summable sequences, and for both inclusions the boundedness in E of the set {ek | k ∈ N} of the unit vectors is necessary and sufficient.It is shown that in the non-archimedean context the concepts of wedge space and semiconservative space are equivalent.
Grounding and Propositional Identity: A Solution to Wilhelm’s Inconsistencies
Authors: Poggiolesi Francesca
Published: April 2022

By following a recent result of [Wilhelm, 2021], it can easily be shown that standard conditions for immediate partial grounding and relevant identity conditions for propositions are inconsistent with one another. This is an unfortunate situation for all grounding enthusiasts; however, by adopting the approach presented by Poggiolesi [2016a,b], which displays a more-fined grained use of negations, it can also be shown that consistency can be restored back.
How possible was Prometheus' punishment?
Authors: Robinson Ryan , Gent Sarah
Published: April 2022

We discuss the feasibility of the regeneration of Prometheus' liver: would cells be able to regrow fast enough to allow Prometheus' liver to be eaten every day by an eagle? A simple model is constructed that incorporates the eating habits of eagles – how much food they eat in a day – as well as the natural regeneration time of a human liver. Our calculations have shown that if Prometheus' liver was the only food source of the eagle (300g consumed per day), it would take approximately 2 days for complete regeneration.
Data sharing policies in scholarly publications: interdisciplinary
comparisons
Authors: Tal-Socher Michal , Ziderman Adrian
Published: April 2022

Digital sharing of research data is becoming an important research integrity
norm. Data sharing is promoted in different avenues, one being the scholarly
publication process: journals serve as gatekeepers, recommending or mandating
data sharing as a condition for publication. While there is now a sizeable
corpus of research assessing the pervasiveness and efficacy of journal data
sharing policies in various disciplines, available research is largely piecemeal
and mitigates against meaningful comparisons across disciplines. A major
contribution of the present research is that it makes direct across-discipline
comparisons employing a common methodology. The paper opens with a discussion of
the arguments aired in favour and against data sharing (with an emphasis on
ethical issues, which stand behind these policies). The websites of 150
journals, drawn from 15 disciplines, were examined for information on data
sharing. The results consolidate the notion of the primacy of biomedical
sciences in the implementation of data sharing norms and the lagging
implementation in the arts and humanities. More surprisingly, they attest to
similar levels of norms adoption in the physical and social sciences. The
results point to the overlooked status of the formal sciences, which demonstrate
low levels of data sharing implementation. The study also examines the policies
of the major journal publishers. The paper concludes with a presentation of the
current preferences for different data sharing solutions in different fields, in
specialized repositories, general repositories, or publishers' hosting area.
Embedded research in rehabilitation engineering
Authors: Foord David J. A. , Kyberd Peter
Published: April 2022

We examine concepts of new knowledge creation and embedded research in a case
study on the i-limb, the world's first commercial prosthetic hand with five
independently powered digits. Although the case demonstrates many elements of
the mode 2 concept, that does not adequately describe the influence of context.
In addition to the forces of contextualization, we argue there was also a strong
influence on the R&D process and product from the embedding of scientific
research and technology development in a location of use, specifically a
prosthetic clinic in a hospital. We use the literature on embedded research to
supplement our examination of this case of new knowledge creation. We contribute
to the literature on mode 2 knowledge production and contexts of application by
applying the literature on embedded research to explain the creation of new
knowledge in locations of use.
Cultural exploitation in Chinese politics: Reinterpreting Liu Sanjie
Authors: Liu Quan
Published: April 2022

Liu Sanjie is a typical Chinese legendary figure, adapted from folk custom and transformed during many historical and political stages. By comparing the musical filmLiu Sanjiewith the landscape performing artImpression Liu Sanjie, this paper explores how Liu Sanjie is reconstructed in theImpressionto be in accord with contemporary demands (shidaixing). In the film, made during the 1960s, Liu Sanjie was promoted as a heroine fighting against the privileged classes, but in theImpression, her class struggle has been erased and only a harmonious and abstract legend remains. Her ethnicity is promoted by Han elites as not exclusive Zhuang, but shared equally with Han, Miao and Dong ethnicity in an imagined community to propagate a sense of ethnic harmony and unified Chineseness. Her transformation from a realistic character, full of a rebelling spirit, to an abstract and disembodied ‘sense of harmony’, is a complete reinterpretation of a Chinese historical legend. Utilizing a term from Wang Ban (1997), ‘the sublime figure of history’, which refers to an ideology aestheticized by the party state for securing its governance, this paper refers to the bold artistic treatment of Liu Sanjie for cultural exploitation as ‘Liu Sanjie's sublime’. The paper explores the evolutionary progress of Liu Sanjie from class revolution to art revolution in response to political requirements. The author is a stage-trained performing artist, specialized in both Western opera and Chinese classical and folk singing and dance. He is also a critic and art consultant in the Chinese landscape performing arts industry. These professional roles have allowed privileged access to the top people in this industry.
Supervised graph convolution networks for OSNR and power estimation in optical mesh networks
Authors: Prakash Anurag , Kar Subrat
Published: April 2022

The optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and received optical channel power are critical parameters in determining the quality of transmission. The OSNR and received optical channel power are influenced by network impairments such as fiber loss, amplified stimulated emission noise, and nonlinear impairments. Furthermore, environmental effects and routing, modulation, and spectrum assignment schemes influence the OSNR and thus the reach of the optical channels. These impairments and effects vary with the spectral loads that are hard to predict in brownfield networks. Several deep neural network (DNN)-based methods have been explored to estimate the OSNR and nonlinear noise. However, these methods ignore the network topology. This paper bridges this gap by leveraging supervised graph convolution neural networks (GCNs), which operate directly on graphs for OSNR and received power estimation in an optical mesh network. We also develop and implement a novel graph windowed neural network (GWinN) to reduce the over-smoothing effects of a GCN and thus learn localized behaviors like fiber cuts. We apply a DNN, GCN, and GWinN in practice to a testbed of 8 reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers and 22 amplifiers. Our procedure accurately estimates the OSNR with a prediction error mean and a standard deviation of (

−

0.02

d
B

, 0.35 dB) for a reference OSNR ranging from (16 dB) to (24 dB).
Joint manifestation of quasi-phase-matching and resonance enhancement of harmonics in laser-induced plasmas
Authors: Ganeev Rashid A. , Kim Vyacheslav V. , Boltaev Ganjaboy S. , Sapaev Ibrokhim B. , Stremoukhov Sergey Y.
Published: April 2022

We compare two processes (resonance enhancement and quasi-phase-matching) allowing the enhancement of the high-order harmonics of ultrashort pulses during propagation through different laser-induced plasmas (vanadium, antimony, indium, and manganese). We show how the tuning of maximally enhanced harmonics during quasi-phase-matching in multi-jet plasmas can enhance the resonantly-enhanced harmonics. Theoretical calculations support experimentally observed quasi-phase-matching of a group of harmonics and single harmonic enhancement.
Single-shot terahertz polarization detection based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Authors: Lin Qinggang , Yuan Xinming , Zeng Xuanke , Yang Yatao , Cai Yi , Lu Xiaowei , Zheng Maijie , Wang Congying , Cao Wenhua , Xu Shixiang
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a novel design for single-shot terahertz polarization detection based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Its validity has been confirmed by comparing its detection results with those of the THz common-path spectral interferometer through two separate measurements for the orthogonal components. Our results also show that its detection signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) are obviously superior to those of the 45° optical bias THz-TDS by electro-optical sampling due to its operation on common-path spectral interference rather than the polarization-sensitive intensity modulation. The setup works without need of any optical scan, which does not only save time, but also efficiently avoids the disturbances from the fluctuations of the system and environment. Its single-shot mode allows it to work well for the applications with poor or no repeatability.
Passivation of degradation path enables high performance perovskite nanoplatelet lasers with high operational stability
Authors: Li Guohui , Pi Huihui , Wei Yanfu , Zhou Bolin , Gao Ya , Wen Rong , Hao Yuying , Zhang Han , Ong Beng S. , Cui Yanxia
Published: April 2022

MAPbI

3

perovskite has attracted widespread interests for developing low-cost near infrared semiconductor gain media. However, it faces the instability issue under operation conditions, which remains a critical challenge. It is found that the instability of the

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet laser comes from the thermal-induced degradation progressing from the surface defects towards neighboring regions. By using

PbI

2

passivation, the defect-initiated degradation is significantly suppressed and the nanoplatelet degrades in a layer-by-layer way, enabling the

MAPbI

3

laser to sustain for 4500 s (

2.7
×

10

7

  
pulses

), which is nearly three times longer than that of the nanoplatelet laser without passivation. Meanwhile, the

PbI

2

passivated

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet laser with the nanoplatelet cavity displays a maximum quality factor up to

∼
7800

, the highest reported for all

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet cavities. Furthermore, a high stability

MAPbI

3

nanoplatelet laser that can last for 8500 s (

5.1
×

10

7

  
pulses

) is demonstrated based on a dual passivation strategy, by retarding the defect-initiated degradation and surface-initiated degradation simultaneously. This work provides in-depth insights for understanding the operating degradation of perovskite lasers, and the dual passivation strategy paves the way for developing high stability near infrared semiconductor laser media.