bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dona Maria Baia: uma escritora de si
Authors: Lima José Luiz da Silva , Pedreira Jailma Dos Santos
Published: August 2019

Esta proposta adentra no universo da cultura popular, das narrativas e poéticas orais, apresentando uma personagem com uma potência criadora singular: Maria José Dantas das Mercês, Dona Maria Baia, sexagenária, agricultora, residente no Assentamento Rose de Santa Luz-BA e detentora de um modo de produção artístico-cultural que apresenta escrituras, “escrevências e feituras” de poesias, letras de música, contos, artesanatos e culinária alternativa. Objetiva-se mostrar como os (a)fazeres poéticos desta personagem, em específico os cânticos e cantorias, ajudaram a produzir outras subjetividades para si e para outras mulheres, interferindo no coletivo comunitário. Metodologicamente, estamos empreendendo uma análise e exploração documental, a partir de acervos institucional cedidos para a pesquisa, o qual aliamos os estudos da literatura e cultura popular pela via da crítica cultural, levando em conta uma perspectiva autobiográfica, os estudos de gênero, de subjetividades e de feminismos. As poéticas, escrituras e performances socioculturais desta personagem tem favorecido uma desconstrução de uma identidade prescrita para ela e outras mulheres, desencadeando outros modos de vida e outra percepção de si, que se desenha como resistência às condições adversas de subalternidade em seu habitat social e ao patriarcado e suas interseccionalidades.
Occupational Therapy in Primary Care: Positioned and Prepared to Be a Vital Part of the Team
Authors: Jordan Katie
Published: August 2019

Reilly’s (1962) now deeply cherished statement that “man, through the use of his hands, as they are energized by mind and will, can influence the state of his own health” (p. 1) was followed a few years later with a question to current and future occupational therapy practitioners. In 1966, Reilly asked how the profession would respond to the challenges of an expanding knowledge base, accelerating health care costs, and escalating regulatory burden. Visionary Wilma West, a contemporary of Reilly’s, expanded on these themes by focusing on ways occupational therapy practitioners could leverage the breadth and depth of their practice to confront these challenges. These issues are now paramount in the primary care arena. An expanding body of literature, including the articles in a special section in this issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy, supports occupational therapy’s role as a vital part of the solution to contemporary health care challenges. Occupational therapy practitioners are educationally prepared and successfully poised through policy to engage in evidence-based practice in the primary care environment.
Diagnostic reliability of the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) in routine practice
Authors: Jabar Allen San Shell , Koteshwara Prakashini , Andrade Jasbon
Published: August 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the diagnostic reliability of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classifications described by American College of Radiology (ACR) and Kwak et al. by calculating the risk of malignancy, to assess the role of TI-RADS in reducing fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of benign lesions.

Material and methods

This was a prospective study during the period from December 2017 to August 2018. Thyroid nodules were classified using ACR TI-RADS and TI-RADS proposed by Kwak et al. The TI-RADS categorisations were compared to the final diagnosis obtained by cytopathological/histopathological analysis. The risk of malignancy for each category was calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for individual suspicious ultrasound features were also assessed.

Results

We evaluated a total of 127 thyroid nodules. The risk of malignancy was 0% in ACR TR1, 0% in ACR
TR2, 6.9% in ACR TR3, 29.2% in ACR TR4, and 80% in ACR TR5 categories. The risk of malignancy for TI-RADS according to Kwak et al. were 0%, 0%, 21.5%, 32.4%, 100% for TI-RADS 2, 3, 4A, 4B, and 4C categories, respectively. Kwak TI-RADS 2 and 3 had higher sensitivity in predicting benignity compared to ACR TR1 and 2 (35.4% vs. 25.9%).

Conclusions

We found TI-RADS classification to be a reliable, non-invasive, and practical method for assessing thyroid nodules in routine practice. TI-RADS can safely avert avoidable FNACs in a significant proportion of benign thyroid lesions.
Endovascular therapy of arteriovenous malformation in a male patient with severe post-coital pelvic pain
Authors: Zabicki Bartosz , Holstad Marte Johanne V. , Limphaibool Nattakarn , Juszkat Robert
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Congenital pelvic arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are high-flow vascular lesions consisting of abnormal shunts between arteries and veins within a nidus. The rare presentation and extensive network of vasculature contributes to the difficulty in effective treatment. Optimal therapeutic options are determined based on the clinical presentation, the location of the lesion, and possible complications.

Case report

A 24-year-old male patient with a history of recurrent pain following sexual intercourse presented with complaints of intense pelvic pain radiating to the perineal area. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a large venous aneurysm as an outflow vein of a right-sided pelvic AVM. Embolisation of the outflow veins was established along with direct percutaneous delivery of fibre coils and thrombin to the venous aneurysm of the AVM. With recurring symptoms and AVM recanalisation on angiography, another direct puncture and placement of pushable coils was made. Total AVM occlusion was achieved with no recanalisation on follow-up digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and the patient remained asymptomatic.

Conclusions

Endovascular embolisation of the nidus area may result in a complete occlusion of an AVM. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the vascular anatomy of the AVM is essential in choosing an effective embolisation strategy and to minimise the risk of possible complications.
Magnetic resonance-guided direct shoulder arthrography for the detection of superior labrum anterior-posterior lesions
using an open 1.0-T MRI scanner
Authors: Berth Alexander , Pozniak Agnieszka , Stendel Linda , Fischbach Frank , Lohmann Christoph , Pech Maciej
Published: August 2019

Purpose

Direct magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) offers increased diagnostic accuracy compared to conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions. The aim of the present study was to present the technique of magnetic resonance-guided direct shoulder arthrography (MDSA), to evaluate the diagnostic value of this novel MRA procedure to detect SLAP lesions in comparison to the currently practiced MRI, and to correlate the radiological findings to the respective arthroscopic findings.

Material and methods

Fifty-six patients with clinical signs of a SLAP lesion underwent both MRI examination and MDSA prior to arthroscopic surgery. The MRI of both interventions were compared with the arthroscopic findings. Statistical analysis was performed using the McNemar test.

Results

Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for detecting SLAP lesions were 23%, 88%, and 54% on MRI and 80%, 81%, and 80% on MDSA, respectively. Sensitivity (p < 0.001) and accuracy (p = 0.001) in detection of SLAP lesions were significantly higher by MDSA whereas accuracy showed no significant differences (p = 0.625).

Conclusions

The MDSA can be performed in an open 1.0-T MRI scanner with a high level of technical success and a reasonable methodical effort. The modification of MRA provides the requirements as a practicable routine shoulder magnetic resonance examination including arthrography to detect SLAP lesions. The diagnostic value is significantly better than MRI examinations without included arthrography, which currently predominates the clinical practice to investigate shoulder pathology.
Untangling causality in midlatitude aerosol-cloud adjustments
Authors: McCoy Daniel T. , Field Paul , Gordon Hamish , Elsaesser Gregory S. , Grosvenor Daniel P.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Aerosol-cloud interactions represent the leading uncertainty in our ability to infer climate sensitivity from the observational record. The forcing from changes in cloud albedo driven by increases in cloud droplet number (Nd) (the first indirect effect) is confidently negative and has narrowed its probable range in the last decade, but the sign and strength of forcing associated with changes in cloud macrophysics in response to aerosol (aerosol-cloud adjustments) remain uncertain. This uncertainty reflects our inability to accurately quantify variability not associated with a causal link flowing from the cloud microphysical state to cloud macrophysical state. Once variability associated with meteorology has been removed, covariance between the liquid water path averaged across cloudy and clear regions (LWP, here, characterizing the macrophysical state) and Nd (characterizing the microphysical) is the sum of two causal pathways linking Nd to LWP: Nd altering LWP (adjustments) and precipitation scavenging aerosol and thus depleting Nd. Only the former term is relevant to constraining adjustments, but disentangling these terms in observations is challenging. We hypothesize that the diversity of constraints on aerosol-cloud adjustments in the literature may be partly due to not explicitly characterizing covariance flowing from cloud to aerosol, and aerosol to cloud. Here, we restrict our analysis to the regime of extratropical clouds outside of low-pressure centers associated with cyclonic activity. Observations from MAC-LWP, and MODIS are compared to simulations in the MetOffice Unified Model (UM) GA7.1 (the atmosphere model of HadGEM3-GC3.1 and UKESM1). The meteorological predictors of LWP are found to be similar between the model and observations. There is also agreement with previous literature on cloud-controlling factors finding that increasing stability, moisture, and sensible heat flux enhance LWP, while increasing subsidence, and sea surface temperature decrease it. A simulation where cloud microphysics are insensitive to changes in Nd is used to characterize covariance between Nd and LWP that is induced by factors other than aerosol-cloud adjustments. By removing variability associated with meteorology and scavenging we infer the sensitivity of LWP to changes in Nd. Application of this technique to UM GA7.1 simulations reproduces the true model adjustment strength. Observational constraints developed using simulated covariability not induced by adjustments and observed covariability between Nd and LWP predict a 25–30 % overestimate by the UM GA7.1 in LWP change and a 30–35% overestimate in associated radiative forcing.
Validation analysis of deriving acetonitrile (CH3CN) profiles by observations of SMILES from the International Space Station, in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere
Authors: Fujinawa Tamaki , Sato Tomohiro O. , Yamada Takayoshi , Nara Seidai , Uchiyama Yuki , Takahashi Kodai , Yoshida Naohiro , Kasai Yasuko
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Acetonitrile (CH3CN) is one of the volatile organic compounds (VOC) and a potential tracer of biomass burning. We evaluated the capability of using observations derived from the Superconducting Submillimeter-Wave Limb-Emission Sounder (SMILES) on the International Space Station (ISS) to measure CH3CN profiles. The error in a CH3CN vertical profile from the Level-2 research (L2r) product version 3.0.0 was estimated by both theoretical error analysis and compared with other instrumental measurements. We estimated the systematic and random errors to be ~5.8 ppt (7.8 %) and 25 ppt (60 %) for a single observation at 15.7 hPa, respectively, in the Tropics, where the CH3CN measurements are enhanced. The major source of systematic error was a pressure broadening, and its contribution to the total systematic error was approximately 60 % in the middle stratosphere (15.7–4.8 hPa). The random error decreased to less than 40 % after averaging 10 profiles in the pressure range of 28.8–1.6 hPa. The total error due to uncertainties in other molecular spectroscopic parameters was comparable (2.8 ppt) to those of CH3CN spectroscopic parameters. We compared the SMILES CH3CN profiles with those of the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the Aura satellite (version 4.2). The SMILES CH3CN values were consistent with those from MLS within the standard deviation (1 σ) of the MLS observations. The difference between the SMILES and MLS CH3CN profiles increased with altitude and was within 20–35 ppt (20–260 %) at 15.7–1.6 hPa. We observed discrepancies of 5–10 ppt (10–30 %) between the SMILES CH3CN profiles observed by different spectrometers, so we do not recommend merging SMILES CH3CN profiles derived from the different spectrometers. We found that SMILES CH3CN VMR in the upper stratosphere has a seasonal maximum in February, which is consistent with the fact that biomass burning events are highest from December–March.
How to build a mini meteorological station for your school? – A project with a citizen science perspective
Authors: Pető Mária , Király Andrea
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Thermodynamics and electricity are parts of the 10th grade physics curriculum in Romania, but the exciting questions of
atmospheric physics and meteorology could be answered if we organize special activities. Linking these topics, educators can create many interesting learning opportunities and try new ways of teaching. This paper is based on a school project and experiment that were used during the last school years in the classroom learning and practical outdoor activities with the Science Club students. The aim of the project is to build a device to measure atmospheric climate variables (e.g. air temperature, air pressure, humidity) and to demonstrate and explain some weather phenomenon. The observations are stored in a database, the data archive and visualization of the data are accessible through a webpage. Students from other schools can get involved in the measurements with their own built devices and can upload their own measurement data to the common database, so we could create a weather map for schools. The whole system is planned as a network of minimeteo stations for students.
Development of an empirical model for seasonal forecasting over the Mediterranean
Authors: Rodríguez-Guisado Esteban , Serrano-de la Torre Antonio Ángel , Sánchez-García Eroteida , Domínguez-Alonso Marta , Rodríguez-Camino Ernesto
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In the frame of MEDSCOPE project, which mainly aims at
improving predictability on seasonal timescales over the Mediterranean area,
a seasonal forecast empirical model making use of new predictors based on a
collection of targeted sensitivity experiments is being developed. Here, a
first version of the model is presented. This version is based on multiple
linear regression, using global climate indices (mainly global
teleconnection patterns and indices based on sea surface temperatures, as
well as sea-ice and snow cover) as predictors. The model is implemented in a
way that allows easy modifications to include new information from other
predictors that will come as result of the ongoing sensitivity experiments
within the project. Given the big extension of the region under study, its high complexity (both
in terms of orography and land-sea distribution) and its location, different
sub regions are affected by different drivers at different times. The
empirical model makes use of different sets of predictors for every season
and every sub region. Starting from a collection of 25 global climate
indices, a few predictors are selected for every season and every sub
region, checking linear correlation between predictands (temperature and
precipitation) and global indices up to one year in advance and using moving
averages from two to six months. Special attention has also been payed to
the selection of predictors in order to guaranty smooth transitions between
neighbor sub regions and consecutive seasons. The model runs a three-month
forecast every month with a one-month lead time.
Evaluation of a unique approach to high-resolution climate modeling using the Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) version 5.1
Authors: Michaelis Allison C. , Lackmann Gary M. , Robinson Walter A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. We present multi-seasonal simulations representative of
present-day and future environments using the global Model for Prediction
Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) version 5.1 with high resolution (15 km)
throughout the Northern Hemisphere. We select 10 simulation years with
varying phases of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and integrate each
for 14.5 months. We use analyzed sea surface temperature (SST) patterns for
present-day simulations. For the future climate simulations, we alter
present-day SSTs by applying monthly-averaged temperature changes derived
from a 20-member ensemble of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5
(CMIP5) general circulation models (GCMs) following the Representative
Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 emissions scenario. Daily sea ice fields,
obtained from the monthly-averaged CMIP5 ensemble mean sea ice, are used for
present-day and future simulations. The present-day simulations provide a
reasonable reproduction of large-scale atmospheric features in the Northern
Hemisphere such as the wintertime midlatitude storm tracks,
upper-tropospheric jets, and maritime sea-level pressure features as well as
annual precipitation patterns across the tropics. The simulations also
adequately represent tropical cyclone (TC) characteristics such as strength,
spatial distribution, and seasonal cycles for most Northern Hemisphere
basins. These results demonstrate the applicability of these model
simulations for future studies examining climate change effects on various
Northern Hemisphere phenomena, and, more generally, the utility of MPAS-A
for studying climate change at spatial scales generally unachievable in
GCMs.
CORRECT USE OF COLOR FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION
Authors: Molada-Tebar A. , Marqués-Mateu Á. , Lerma J. L.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Accurate color recording is a fundamental feature for proper cultural heritage documentation, cataloging and preservation. However, the methodology used in most cases limits the results since it is based either on perceptual procedures or on the application of digital enhancement techniques only. The objective of this study is to apply a rigorous procedure for the characterization of cameras based on a second-order polynomial model. Trichromatic digital cameras capture color information in the well-known RGB format. Nevertheless, the signal generated by the digital camera is device dependent. By means of the characterization, we establish the relationship between device-dependent RGB values and the tristimulus coordinates defined by the CIE standard colorimetric observer. Once the camera is characterized, users obtain output images in the sRGB space that is independent of the sensor of the camera. We applied the methodology on a set of pictures targeting Levantine rock art motifs in Cova Civil (Castellón, Spain) which is considered part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. We used raw image files, with different exposure conditions, with raw RGB values captured by the sensor. The outcomes obtained are satisfactory and very promising for proper color documentation in cultural heritage documentation.
BETWEEN IMAGES AND BUILT FORM:
AUTOMATING THE RECOGNITION OF STANDARDISED BUILDING COMPONENTS USING DEEP LEARNING
Authors: Pezzica C. , Schroeter J. , Prizeman O. E. , Jones C. B. , Rosin P. L.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Building on the richness of recent contributions in the field, this paper presents a state-of-the-art CNN analysis method for automating the recognition of standardised building components in modern heritage buildings. At the turn of the twentieth century manufactured building components became widely advertised for specification by architects. Consequently, a form of standardisation across various typologies began to take place. During this era of rapid economic and industrialised growth, many forms of public building were erected. This paper seeks to demonstrate a method for informing the recognition of such elements using deep learning to recognise ‘families’ of elements across a range of buildings in order to retrieve and recognise their technical specifications from the contemporary trade literature. The method is illustrated through the case of Carnegie Public Libraries in the UK, which provides a unique but ubiquitous platform from which to explore the potential for the automated recognition of manufactured standard architectural components. The aim of enhancing this knowledge base is to use the degree to which these were standardised originally as a means to inform and so support their ongoing care but also that of many other contemporary buildings. Although these libraries are numerous, they are maintained at a local level and as such, their shared challenges for maintenance remain unknown to one another. Additionally, this paper presents a methodology to indirectly retrieve useful indicators and semantics, relating to emerging HBIM families, by applying deep learning to a varied range of architectural imagery.
PROPOSING DIGITAL MODELS FOR THE DISCUSSION OF CONTESTED
CONSERVATION PRACTICE: CASE STUDIES FROM TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Authors: Prizeman O. E. C. , Branfoot C. , Rao K. , Hardy A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This paper explores the potential for digital surveys to mediate as tools in a complex arena. As increased wealth and continuous religious practice have supported the energetic maintenance and renovation of temple buildings in Tamil Nadu justified by reference to ancient texts, UNESCO commissioned a fact-finding mission regarding conservation practice there in 2016. As part of wider project to investigate the strands of inherited textual guidance in this sensitive area, digital documentation methods are being tested in terms of their capacity to provide a locus for discourse between divergent views at a time of rapid formulation of policy documents that seek to offer guidelines for the conservation of an estimated 38000 temple buildings in the state. This paper outlines some challenges and ambitions of creating digital platforms to serve such an endeavour through potential scenarios offered by two case studies. Specifically, it considers the merits of tools to read urban encroachment, to identify change over time and to explore a means to provide a hypothetical platform for discussion of potentially sensitive adjustments.
GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS AS A TOOL FOR 3D VISUALIZATION OF LOST ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
Authors: Günay S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Existing architectural heritage provides information about the architectural and urban characteristics of the civilizations that built them. Their surviving façade compositions, plan organizations, structural and material elements, give clues about various architectural and urban characteristics of these buildings and the periods that they belong to. In the case of lost architectural heritage, it is challenging to know more about these attributes due to the fact that the accessible information about these buildings could be limited. At this point, cartographic and photographic resources provide valuable information about lost architectural heritage. In addition to their geographic locations, information about their dimensions, structural systems, material finishes, colours could be some of the information that can be collected through cartographic and photographic historic documents. This paper presents a summary of the methodological approach of using Geographical Information System (GIS) for 3D visualization of lost architectural heritage in the case of Izmir – Turkey, by using 1905 fire insurance plans of Charles E. Goad.
DIGITAL MODELS OF STONE SAMPLES FOR DIDACTICAL PURPOSES
Authors: Rodríguez-Gonzálvez P. , García-Peralo E. , Oliveira D. , Rodríguez-Martín M.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This paper presents a virtual methodology based on the generation of virtual models of stones in the context of the virtual laboratories for the acquisition and evaluation of competences in stones identification. The generation of the models is carried out using a procedure based on close-range photogrammetry that allows to obtain a scaled mesh models with radiometric information and low file weight. The proposed methodology has been designed ad-hoc following the economy, quality and reality criteria to ensure a good adequacy, guaranteeing an adequate adaptation to the teaching-learning process and the integration of the models into working packages, which can be easily integrated in earning management system (LMS) platforms. The generated 3D models have a high level of detail and enable the interaction to take measurements, make cross sections and use specific tools that allow the student to perform a thorough analysis and identification of the stone using free/open source software.
TOWARDS THE AUTOMATIC 3D PARAMETRIZATION OF NON-PLANAR SURFACES
FROM POINT CLOUDS IN HBIM APPLICATIONS
Authors: Román J. , Lerones P. M. , Llamas J. , Zalama E. , Gómez-García-Bermejo J.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. 3D laser scanning and photogrammetric 3D reconstruction generate point clouds from which the geometry of BIM models can be created. However, a few methods do this automatically for concrete architectural elements, but in no case for the entirety of heritage assets. A novel procedure for the automatic recognition and parametrization of non-planar surfaces of heritage immovable assets is presented using point clouds as raw input data. The methodology is able to detect the most relevant architectural features in a point cloud and their interdependences through the analysis of the intersections of related elements. The non-planar surfaces detected, mainly cylinders, are studied in relation to the neighbouring planar surfaces present in the cloud so that the boundaries of both the planar and the non-planar surfaces are accurately defined. The procedure is applied to the emblematic Castle of Torrelobatón, located in Valladolid (Spain) to allow the cataloguing of required elements, as illustrative example of the European defensive architecture from the Middle age to the Renaissance period. Results and conclusions are reported to evaluate the performance of this approach.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN WMMS AND TLS FOR THE STABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE SAN PEDRO CHURCH BARREL VAULT BY MEANS OF THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Sánchez-Aparicio L. J. , Conde B. , Maté-González M. A. , Mora R. , Sánchez-Aparicio M. , García-Álvarez J. , González-Aguilera D.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Stability of masonry constructions is highly conditioned by the geometric disposition of its elements due to its low tensile strength and great compressive mechanical properties. Under this framework, this paper attempts to evaluate the suitability of a wearable mobile mapping solution, equipped in a backpack and based on the well-known simultaneous location and mapping paradigm, for the structural diagnosis of historical constructions. To evaluate the suitability of this device, the structural analysis obtained is compared with a high precision terrestrial laser scanner, which is considered as ground truth. The Romanesque church of San Pedro (Becerril del Carpio, Spain) was selected as a study case. This construction, initially conceived in the XIIIth century, has experimented in the past a soil settlement promoting the leaning of the north wall, several plastic hinges in its barrel vault and a visible geometrical deformation. The comparison of both techniques was carried out at different levels: i) an evaluation of the time needed to obtain the point cloud of the church; ii) an accuracy assessment based on the comparison of a terrestrial network using artificial spheres as checkpoints and; iii) an evaluation of the discrepancies, in terms of safety factor and collapse topology, found during the advance numerical evaluation of the barrel vault by means of the finite element method. This comparison places this wearable mobile mapping solution as an interesting tool for the creation of advanced numerical simulations to evaluate the structural stability of historical constructions.
SMARTWALL: A NEW WEB-BASED PLATFORM FOR THE VALORIZATION OF THE
MEDIEVAL WALL OF AVILA
Authors: Sánchez-Aparicio L. J. , Moreno-Blanco R. , Martín-Jiménez J. A. , Rodríguez-Gonzálvez P. , Muñoz-Nieto A. L. , González-Aguilera D.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. As stated the Nara Document on Authenticity and the last Restoration Charter, valorisation of Cultural Heritage sites requires to understand its tangible and intangible values. These values need to be considered as variables that change along the time and space, and they are the result of the interaction between the cultural heritage assets with its history (civilization, societies, etc.). Under this basis, the research project SmartWall attempts to develop a new platform for the valorisation of the Medieval Wall of Ávila, and thus the transmission of its tangible and intangible values to the society. To this end, SmartWall uses an efficient combination between 360 images, 3D/4D models and a geospatial database. This combination provides the following capabilities: i) upgrading the information in real-time, adding, modifying or deleting any type of document; ii) filtering the information in accordance with specific criteria and; iii) managing the information according with different profiles of the user (e.g. expert user, students and tourists). All this information is boosted with a direct link to a 4D model of the Wall, which allows analysing any aspect of the Wall through time. The development and validation of the SmartWall platform was performed in the Alcázar Gate, one of the most emblematic parts of the Medieval Wall of Avila.
MAPPING SPATIAL QUALITY OF SLOW ROUTES WITH A GIS-BASED METHOD
A COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE ROUTES
Authors: Scandiffio A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In the field of cultural tourism, slow routes, especially pedestrian and cycle routes, are considered important resources for sustainable, social and economic development of the territories. The cultural routes, defined by the Council of Europe, have extended the notion of conservation and valorization of cultural heritage to a wider territorial perspective, that allow to join tangible and intangible heritage dimensions, natural and built heritage, in a whole. In this framework, cultural routes, mainly used to rediscover the territory through slow-travel experience, need to be documented and ranked as a system of cultural heritage spread over the territory, by innovative and effective tools. The SQISR method (Spatial Quality Index of Slow Routes), at territorial level, allows to analyze the spatial features of slow routes through GIS-based mapping techniques, but also to compare alternative routes on the base of a set of heterogeneous indicators. The SQIRS method has been applied to evaluate two alternative itineraries of the Monks Route, that cross the agricultural landscape in southern Milan, with aim to document their spatial features and rank them in relation to their spatial quality. The SQISR method, that is based on a quantitative approach, allows to visualize the outcomes by different ways: graded GPS tracks, graphs, diagrams.
DIGITAL HERITAGE: ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN BRAZIL IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS
Authors: Araujo A. P. R. , Carlos C. A. S. L. , Sampaio J. C. R. , Ferreira Vieira R.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In order to update and deepen the theoretical discussions about Digital Heritage, the authors initiated a survey of the most recent technologies that improves the documentation of architectural buildings and sites. We intend to implement a digital workflow on the studies of buildings and sites that have a potential of protection in the Fluminense lowland of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This is part of the activities of the conservation education at bachelor level in Architecture and Urbanism, and the course of the Postgraduate Program on heritage conservation of Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The main objective of the current scientific research is the identification of Brazilian researchers and the subjects that have been studied in the last five years in order to make a theoretical review through the systematization of topics, thematic axis, terms, concepts regarding the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the heritage documentation. We carried out a qualitative-quantitative mapping of the scientific production of twelve scientific events having occurred in Brazil and Latin America between 2013 and 2018. We detected 156 Brazilian researchers from all regions of the country that had researched about Digital heritage. The mapping of themes was compared to keywords index of CIPA-ICOMOS Symposium 2017 in order to identify points of contact and lack of studies in Brazil for planning the future research. The research group seek ways for better integration between national researchers, ways to get theoretical content up-to-date and to adopt more accurate documentation practices at undergraduate and postgraduate disciplines.
SURVEYING TO GAUGE STAKEHOLDERS' PARTICIPATION IN URBAN HERITAGE CONSERVATION
Authors: Siguencia Avila M. E. , Avila Luna D. , Hermida M. A.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Attention to the conservation of urban areas has been already raised in international legal instruments since 1962 and recently gained momentum with the adoption of the Recommendation on Historic Urban Landscapes (HUL) in 2011 (henceforth referred as the 2011 Recommendation). Considering heritage areas as drivers of economic growth but also targets of development pressures, many cities have adopted the tools provided in the 2011 Recommendation depending on their specific geographic and socio-economic contexts testing various systems to innovate in matters of urban heritage conservation and sustainable development. The present research targets the reporting of the process of implementation of the 2011 Recommendation through the creation of a survey to gauge the participation of stakeholders in worldwide case studies to establish a comparative framework. The methodology used for the survey originates from a specific case, Cuenca in Ecuador, and the secondary data collection from 101 additional case studies. The hypothesis is that the questionnaire can compile data as a tool to compare the processes for the implementation of the 2011 Recommendation and to find trends in the cases where stakeholders have become skilled at conserving urban heritage. The design of the survey demonstrates the feasibility to carry out an exploratory validation method (COSMIN) to use significant evidence coming from active stakeholders. The survey as developed becomes a powerful tool to be adapted in different contexts and as a scientific method to reach a proper statistic confidential level, margin error and to control bias in the sample composition.
THE USAGE OF TLS AND PHOTOGRAMMETRY DURING THE RESTORATION
PROCESS OF SPANISH NATIONAL MONUMENT
Authors: Spairani-Berrio Y. , Saura Gómez P. , Huesca-Tortosa J. A. , Spairani Berrio S. , Torregrosa Fuentes D.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This article presents the multidisciplinary methodology employed in the restoration of a sixteenth century renaissance building with gothic vaults. The use of precise instrumental techniques like TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) or photogrammetry are proposed to obtain the geometry of the building before, during and after the intervention. Obtaining the point clouds of the Refectory of the Santo Domingo de Orihuela School in their different restoration stages allows monitoring the vaults, studying their structural behaviour and deformations with the comparison of their original state, unloaded state and the new loading after the execution works.A work methodology that is proposed in this article could be applied to any restoration work of patrimonial architecture. The original deformations have been verified and quantified and the final state of the intervention has been documented with respect to the original state.
3D MODELLING BETWEEN IDEATION, GEOMETRY, AND SURVEYED ARCHITECTURE: THE CASE OF THE VAULTED SYSTEM OF ‘APPARTAMENTO DI MEZZANOTTE’ IN PALAZZO CARIGNANO
Authors: Spallone R. , Vitali M. , Natta F.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The present work focuses on the study of vaulted systems by Guarini, by virtue of the paradigmatic role that Guarini assumes in the field of studies dedicated to this topic. The research has been compared in-depth analysis aimed at connecting relevant data with archival drawings, historical studies and treatises in order to use digital representation in heuristic terms. The attempt is to delineate and explain, through the analysis of architectural artifacts, the links between theorizations, transformations of reference geometric models and buildings. The ‘Appartamento di Mezzanotte’ (northern apartment) of Palazzo Carignano was choosen as a case study, because the different vaulted rooms that compose it witness the creative inspiration by Guarini and allow to structure a study that produce interesting results in relation to the connections between theoretical studies, research and cultural heritage. The use of digital representation integrated with photo-modelling (SfM) tries to create new tools to investigate these different fields in their absolute and relationship value.
MULTI-VIEW STEREO WITH SEMANTIC PRIORS
Authors: Stathopoulou E.-K. , Remondino F.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Patch-based stereo is nowadays a commonly used image-based technique for dense 3D reconstruction in large scale multi-view applications. The typical steps of such a pipeline can be summarized in stereo pair selection, depth map computation, depth map refinement and, finally, fusion in order to generate a complete and accurate representation of the scene in 3D. In this study, we aim to support the standard dense 3D reconstruction of scenes as implemented in the open source library OpenMVS by using semantic priors. To this end, during the depth map fusion step, along with the depth consistency check between depth maps of neighbouring views referring to the same part of the 3D scene, we impose extra semantic constraints in order to remove possible errors and selectively obtain segmented point clouds per label, boosting automation towards this direction. In order to reassure semantic coherence between neighbouring views, additional semantic criterions can be considered, aiming to eliminate mismatches of pixels belonging in different classes.
CATHEDRAL NORTE DAME IN PARIS – THE INSCRIPTION OF THE SOUTH TRANSEPTS FAÇADE: MEDIEVAL RELICT OR 19th CENTURY RECREATION?
Authors: Tenschert R.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. While non-destructive 3D technologies offer outstanding possibilities for analysing shape and similarities in architectural details, and for the monitoring of weathering effects, it has so far been used only rarely for these purposes. This paper shows the application and analysis of high resolution, handheld, optical tracked laser scanning on an inscription at the cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. The transept’s south façade carries a latin inscription dating from 1258, and the common research opinion is that the inscription was copied and renewed during the mid-19th century restoration. In the course of an on-site research campaign, some doubt as to the veracity of this theory arose. Essential questions regarding the inscription concern the workflows of both medieval craftsmen and those from the 19th century. The project’s aim was to analyse the inscription for its shape and for any traces left by the craftsmen. Another key question focussed on the originality and authenticity of the inscription. The analysis of the high-resolution 3D data set has confirmed the initial visual impression of differences between the stones and shown that most of the inscription is the 13th century original with only a few parts replaced. The analysis also revealed that the ribbon and the letters must have been carved before the stones were placed. An investigation using historical transcripts, comparative examples and contextual reflections with a detailed analysis of the individual letters also revealed possible changes in the wording of the inscription made during the restoration. A discussion of the possible variants supported by virtual visualisations is also presented.
VIDEOGRAMMETRY VS PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR HERITAGE 3D RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Torresani A. , Remondino F.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. In the last years we are witnessing an increasing quality (and quantity) of video streams and a growing capability of SLAM-based methods to derive 3D data from video. Video sequences can be easily acquired by non-expert surveyors and possibly used for 3D documentation purposes. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the possibility to perform 3D reconstructions of heritage scenarios using videos ("videogrammetry"), e.g. acquired with smartphones. Video frames are extracted from the sequence using a fixed-time interval and two advanced methods. Frames are then processed applying automated image orientation / Structure from Motion (SfM) and dense image matching / Multi-View Stereo (MVS) methods. Obtained 3D dense point clouds are the visually validated as well as compared with photogrammetric ground truth archived acquiring image with a reflex camera or analysing 3D data's noise on flat surfaces.
THE DIGITAL RESTITUTION OF LOT 3317: USING UNDERWATER IMAGE BASED
MODELLING TO GENERATE VALUE IN VIRTUAL HERITAGE EXPERIENCES
Authors: Tousant K. T. D. , Fai S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The intent of this paper is to demonstrate the cultural value that Virtual Heritage experiences can generate. As a proof of concept, game resolution assets were optimized from high polygon image based models (IBMs) and rendered in real-time, within a Head Mounted Display (HMD). The case study of lot 3317 was chosen to facilitate heuristic explorations pertinent to the history of the St. Lawrence Seaway, Canada. This case study explores methods in creating and validating heritage values, while valourizing assets as a cultural resource for use in the future. While at the same time, challenging the current spatial dynamics by conceptually reducing the distance between the viewer and the flooded landscape. In addition to demonstrating the cultural values generated through the veneration of lot 3317, the paper aims to provide a model for optimizing and post processing meshes produced through Under-Water Image-Base Modelling.
CONSERVING BUILT HERITAGE FOR POSTERITY: A CONSERVATION APPROACH IN BAGAN
Authors: Tse D. , Paladini A. , Dhanda A. , Weigert A. , Reina Ortiz M. , Santana Quintero M. , Min A. , Gyi M. , Su S.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The new age of digital technologies has led to a shift in conservation approaches when documenting historic places for posterity. The availability of these new technologies has provided tools for better decision-making with respect to the conservation of fragile built heritage. For sites vulnerable to seismic activity, such as Bagan, frequent catastrophic events have strengthened the need for proper documentation. A multidisciplinary team, comprised of students from Carleton University, students from Mandalay Technological University, and staff from the Department of Archaeology and Library of Bagan, conducted a documentation workshop using digital recording techniques. The team selected four Buddhist temples in the city of Bagan, Myanmar, as case studies for the documentation expedition. The strategy included using active and passive sensing techniques (Figure 1), which were used to assess the character-defining elements associated to the built heritage of the case studies. Furthermore, the strategy involved examining the state of conservation of the built heritage. Following the on-site documentation, the data collected was processed to give 2D and 3D representations of the documented sites. These representations serve as a record for future use in conservation. Additional objectives related to the documentation of the four sites were to understand the obstacles in conserving built heritage with respect to the ancient city of Bagan, to expand the technical knowledge of the local staff and the future professionals, and to examine the values and limitations of the recording techniques employed.
SOFTWARE COMPARISON FOR UNDERWATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPLICATIONS
Authors: Vlachos M. , Berger L. , Mathelier R. , Agrafiotis P. , Skarlatos D.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This paper presents an investigation as to whether and how the selection of the SfM-MVS software affects the 3D reconstruction of submerged archaeological sites. Specifically, Agisoft Photoscan, VisualSFM, SURE, 3D Zephyr and Reality Capture software were used and evaluated according to their performance in 3D reconstruction using specific metrics over the reconstructed underwater scenes. It must be clarified that the scope of this study is not to evaluate specific algorithms or steps that the various software use, but to evaluate the final results and specifically the generated 3D point clouds. To address the above research issues, a dataset from the ancient shipwreck, laying at 45 meters below sea level, is used. The dataset is composed of 19 images having very small camera to object distance (1 meter), and 42 images with higher camera to object distance (3 meters) images. Using a common bundle adjustment for all 61 images, a reference point cloud resulted from the lower dataset is used to compare it with the point clouds of the higher dataset generated using the different photogrammetric packages. Following that, a comparison regarding the number of total points, cloud to cloud distances, surface roughness, surface density and a combined 3D metric was done to evaluate and see which one performed the best.
ALGORITHM MODELING OF ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE FOR HERITAGE DOCUMENTATION
Authors: Wang X. , Wu C. , Que R. , Bai C.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. By the study of the pattern book Ying Zao Fa Shi (building regulations of Song Dynasty, 1103 AD), while analyzing the combining and dimensioning rule of timber framework and tile work, a model self-generating program has been compiled for the first time. The operating framework has been firstly defined, while solving the issues of clustering principle, connecting method, output classification, etc. with the detailed description of algorithm theory. Taking the corner bracket set and nine-ridge roof for example, after the compilation and debug by Grasshopper, according to various input parameters, various models have been generated automatically by the plugin, proving the velocity and the veracity of the algorithm.