bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NO ENCONTRO COM ZARATUSTRA: UMA POSSIBILIDADE NIETZSCHIANA PARA O OLHAR DE JUAREZ MACHADO
Authors: Araújo Rafael De Paula Aguiar
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, procura-se investigar as possibilidades
de enxergar a complexidade social a partir de um olhar nietzschiano. Oo percurso teórico esbarra nas dificuldades de pensar o ser social, tendo, como base, paradigmas tradicionais. Nno entanto, esse obstáculo pode ser suplantado pelo estudo das idéias de Ffriedrich Nnietzsche, que possibilita encarar a vida como obra de arte e por meio de uma filosofia da imanência.
Movimentos Sociais e Grupos de Pressão: Duas Formas de Ação Coletiva
Authors: Gozetto Andréa Oliveira
Published: January 2020

Neste trabalho, faz-se uma discusso terica, comparando a trajetria e a forma de atuao dos movimentos sociais e dos grupos de presso. Esses dois modelos de ao coletiva no costumam ser analisados conjuntamente, pois, do ponto de vista dos especialistas, no possuem o mesmo grau de legitimidade. Argumentamos que, apesar de os movimentos sociais terem trazido poltica brasileira uma nova maneira de expresso e ao, os grupos de presso ganharam legitimidade ao se fortalecerem com o processo de redemocratizao ps-1985. Em razo da mudana no formato de representao de interesses no Brasil, hoje a classe trabalhadora se organiza tanto em movimentos sociais quanto em grupos de presso quando se trata de garantir seus direitos, principalmente no mbito legislativo.
A Imagem da Cidade no Cenário de Representação da Política
Authors: Pendiuk Fábio
Published: January 2020

Com a introduo de um novo perfil de liderana na capital paranaense, busca-se identificar, a partir da anlise das imagens da cidade de Curitiba, produzidas na mdia antes e durante as eleies municipais de 2004, como esse elemento contribuiu para o resultado daquela competio eleitoral, uma vez que considerado importante na construo do cenrio de representao da poltica daquele momento. O estudo mostra que o cenrio construdo na mdia favorecia uma mudana do perfil tecnocrtico dos urbanistas, que exerciam a hegemonia na cidade desde a dcada de 1970, o que acabou favorecendo o candidato eleito prefeitura, cujo perfil era o que melhor se adaptava quele cenrio.
1964, O ANO DE UMA NOTÍ­CIA INDELÉVEL: A CONSTRUÇÃO MEMORIAL DO GOLPE MILITAR, NO BRASIL, ENTRE A MÍ­DIA, A MEMÓRIA E A HISTÓRIA
Authors: Meneses Sônia Maria
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, trata-se da produção de acontecimento memorável nas relações entre mídia, memória e história, no Brasil contemporâneo. A partir da análise sobre o Golpe de 1964, nas matérias do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, entre os anos 1994 e 2004, investigamos como se produzem formuladores de sentidos articulados na interseção entre esses três campos que servem na produção dos eventos emblemáticos em nossos dias.
"Paraíso Tropical": Interpretação de um País por Meio de uma Novela e uma Cidade
Authors: Stocco Daniela
Published: January 2020

Como definir a identidade brasileira? O que singularmente nacional? De fato, no se pode comear a responder a essas questes sem ter em mente que a identidade, seja nacional ou no, sempre uma construo, ou como diria Bourdieu, uma representao mental necessariamente arbitrria, pois devem ser escolhidos certos valores, caractersticas ou smbolos em detrimento de outros. Nesse sentido, a fora do Rio, enquanto referncia identitria, fica clara nas novelas brasileiras da Rede Globo. A novela Paraso Tropical, por exemplo, j em sua sinopse colocava o bairro de Copacabana como DNA do Brasil, ou lugar-sntese do Brasil. Alm disso, Paraso Tropical, assim como as novelas em geral, so, de fato, vitrines da sociedade brasileira, no s em relao ao consumo, mas tambm na divulgao de valores sociais, tipos ideais de pais, mes, filhos, homens, mulheres etc. Dessa forma, a novela Paraso Tropical, o material desta pesquisa, permite-nos procura analisar, o peso do Rio de Janeiro como possvel construo de uma identidade brasileira e os valores e tipos ideais que a novela atribui sociedade brasileira. Ademais, vale notar que a novela no difunde apenas a viso de seus autores e diretores, mas tambm a de seus numerosos telespectadores, pois trata-se de uma obra aberta, com fins comerciais e lucrativos, o que faz desse enredo um material ainda mais rico e interessante.
O ESTIGMA "DE MENOR" NA IMPRENSA ESCRITA
Authors: Neder Vinicius
Published: January 2020

A representação dominante de crianças e adolescentes em situação de risco social na mídia contribui para estigmatizá-las. Neste trabalho, busca-se analisar como a repetição do termo “menor de idade” ou simplesmente “menor” favorece esse preconceito, no discurso jornalístico. O deslizamento semântico (do discurso jurídico para as manchetes de jornais) indica que a proteção à infância e juventude desfavorecida é um tema menor na pauta das questões sociais. Ao designar parcela importante da população como ameaça social, responsável pelo aumento da violência, o discurso jornalístico reforça uma estrutura social excludente.
The Sources and Evolution of the Swedish Attitude Towards Informational Security
Authors: Zawadzka Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

The conflict between Russia and Ukraine in 2014 not only had ignited the reconsideration of security and threat perceptions of European countries, but also forced governments to put in doubts their ability to tackle hostile propaganda and disinformation campaigns. One of the most noticeable evolutions in that sphere was observed in Sweden, which developed a multilayer system based on total defence concept and the whole-society approach.
The author of this article states that the Swedish conception is a product of specific conditions, mainly Swedish historical experiences, social and political factors, media system as well as existing security policies rather than top-to-bottom planned governmental project. Further, the author analyzes determinants of constituting and establishing of such system, adresses the evolution process of institutional measures and, finally, presents the components of the contemporary system of disinformation countermeasures.
WYKORZYSTANIE SZPIEGOWSKIEGO
OPROGRAMOWANIA W DZIAŁALNOŚCI OPERACYJNEJ
ORGANÓW ŚCIGANIA. GWARANCJE KONSTYTUCYJNE
I PROCESOWE Z PERSPEKTYWY DOŚWIADCZEŃ
NIEMIECKICH
Authors: Kurek Justyna
Published: January 2020

Rozwój usług społeczeństwa informacyjnego i komunikacji elektronicznej stawia nowe wyzwania przed
organami ochrony prawnej związane
z koniecznością prowadzenia działań
operacyjnych w świecie wirtualnym.
W uzasadnionych przypadkach konieczne jest nawet wykorzystywanie narzędzi
hackerskich typu spyware celem prowadzenia skutecznych działań operacyjnych. Takie czynności w nieunikniony sposób ingerują w prawa człowieka,
w szczególności w prawo do prywatności. Przyzwolenie prawne i polityczne
dla takich działań wymaga stworzenia
przez państwo stosownych gwarancji
instytucjonalnych, materialnoprawnych
i prawnoprocesowych i powinno być
ograniczone do przypadków wyjątkowych uzasadnionych względami poważnego zagrożenia dla interesu publicznego, w szczególności aktami terroryzmu
międzynarodowego. Fundamentalne
pytania dotyczące warunków zastosowania takiego oprogramowania oraz
równowagi pomiędzy efektywnym przeciwdziałaniem przestępczości a ochroną
prywatności obywateli są od dłuższego
czasu przedmiotem ożywionej debaty
publicznej. Ważną rolę odegrały w niej
niemieckie sądy naczelne — Federalny
Trybunał Sprawiedliwości (niem. Bundesgerichtshof — BGH) i Federalny Trybunał Konstytucyjny (niem. Bundesverfasungsgericht — BVG).
OSOBY INFORMUJĄCE JAKO WYODRĘBNIONA
KATEGORIA OSOBOWYCH ŹRÓDEŁ INFORMACJI
Authors: Horosiewicz Krzysztof
Published: January 2020

Wyodrębnienie wśród
osobowych źródeł informacji kategorii osób informujących od lat wzbudzało wśród praktyków pracy operacyjnej
pewne wątpliwości. W publikacji podjęto
próbę wyjaśnienia powodów, dla których
utworzono ten podzbiór osobowych źródeł informacji. Przytoczono także wyniki przeprowadzonych w 2013 r. badań
w zakresie zagrożeń dla bezpieczeństwa
prawnego policjantów związanych z tą
kategorią źródeł. Wskazano, że przyjmowanie informacji od osób informujących
nie powinno wchodzić w podstawowy
zakres zadań policjantów służby kryminalnej. Uzasadniono wniosek, że zapis,
który nakłada na wszystkich policjantów obowiązek przyjmowania informacji
przydatnych do realizacji ustawowych
zadań Policji, powinien zostać umieszczony w jawnym, a więc dostępnym dla
ogółu policjantów, wewnętrznym akcie
normatywnym. Wskazano, że możliwość dokonania postulowanych zmian
pojawiła się w związku z decyzją nr 165
komendanta głównego Policji z 15 maja
2015 r. w sprawie powołania zespołu
do opracowania i uzgodnienia projektu
zarządzenia w sprawie metod i form wykonywania przez Policję czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych. Decyzją nr 10
komendanta głównego Policji z 22 stycznia 2016 r. zmieniającą decyzję w sprawie powołania zespołu do opracowania i uzgodnienia projektu zarządzenia
w sprawie metod i form wykonywania
przez Policję czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawczych zmieniono niemal całkowicie
skład zespołu
PROBLEMY RACJONALIZACJI POLITYKI KRYMINALNEJ W ZAKRESIE NIELEGALNEGO POSIADANIA NARKOTYKÓW
Authors: Romańczuk-Grącka Marta , Gornowicz Michał
Published: January 2020

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie głównych problemów racjonalizacji polityki kryminalnej w zakresie nielegalnego posiadania narkotyków. Analiza jest poprzedzona rysem historycznym polityki antynarkotykowej w Polsce. Autorzy omawiają znamiona ustawowe przestępstwa z art. 62 ustawy o przeciwdziałaniu narkomanii, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem znamion strony przedmiotowej. Z powodu braku wskazania expressis verbis granicy pomiędzy typem podstawowym a kwalifi kowanym omawianego przestępstwa może pojawić się wątpliwość w zakresie odmienności orzekania poszczególnych sądów krajowych odnośnie orzekanego wymiaru kary. Dlatego autorzy poświęcają sporo uwagi znamieniu kwalifi kującemu „znaczna ilość”. Wskazują też problemy dotyczące określenia dobra prawnego chronionego tym przepisem oraz inne związane ze zrozumieniem ratio legis tej kryminalizacji. Formułują też wnioski de lege ferenda odnoście profi laktyki przestępstw związanych z popytem i podażą narkotyków.
STOWARZYSZENIE „POLICYJNY DOM
ZDROWIA” 1924–1939
Authors: Piekarski Stanisław
Published: January 2020

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie okoliczności
powstania, istoty, zadań, zasad fi nansowania i efektów funkcjonowania Stowarzyszenia „Policyjny Dom Zdrowia”.
Opracowanie ujmuje również podejmowane inicjatywy, których ostatecznie
nie udało się zrealizować. Stowarzyszenie powstało w 1924 r. i zrzeszało
ponad 90% funkcjonariuszy i urzędników Policji Państwowej. Tekst został
przygotowany na podstawie materiałów
znajdujących się w stołecznym Archiwum Akt Nowych oraz publikacji prasowych zamieszczanych w gazetach
i periodykach ukazujących się w latach
1923–1939. W świetle dokonanych analiz i porównań stowarzyszenie jawi się
nam jako organizacja, która w okresie
międzywojennym odegrała ogromną
rolę w procesie walki o zdrowie policjantów i członków ich rodzin. Jej zasługą
były też znaczące osiągnięcia w akcji
promocji stylu aktywnego wypoczynku i integracji środowisk policyjnych
wokół ważnych społecznie problemów
nowo odrodzonego państwa polskiego.
Artykuł nie ujmuje problematyki policyjnych domów zdrowia województwa
śląskiego, które od 1920 r. w polskim
prawie publicznym posiadało dość znaczącą autonomię.
Z problematyki ustawowych wskazań
wymiaru kary dyscyplinarnej wobec
policjantów. Rozważania na tle poglądów
prezentowanych w orzecznictwie sądów
administracyjnych
Authors: Kania Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

W niniejszym artykule
podjęto próbę omówienia reguł, rządzących dyscyplinarnym wymiarem
kary wobec policjantów. Skupiając
uwagę na determinantach, zawężających tzw. swobodę orzeczniczą, starano się określić ich rolę w procesie
kształtowania konsekwencji prawnych,
które w sposób nieuchronny wiążą się
z reżimem odpowiedzialności dyscyplinarnej. Przyjmując tradycyjny podział
ustawowych wskazań wymiaru kary,
aprobowany na płaszczyźnie odpowiedzialności represyjnej, odrębnie przeanalizowano zasady, dyrektywy oraz
okoliczności wpływające na rodzaj zastosowanej reakcji dyscyplinarnej wobec funkcjonariuszy Policji.
Kilka uwag o zasadach wynagradzania szkód
wyrządzonych użyciem policyjnych psów
służbowych
Authors: Goettel Mieczysław
Published: January 2020

W artykule poruszony
został problem wyboru reżimu odpowiedzialności, według którego ma miejsce wynagradzanie szkód wyrządzonych
użyciem przez policjanta psa służbowego. Teoretycznie może w tym wypadku
wchodzić w grę odpowiedzialność zarówno z tytułu nadzoru nad zwierzęciem (art. 431 k.c.), jak i z tytułu wykonywania władzy publicznej (art. 417
§ 1 oraz art. 4172 k.c.). W obu wypadkach odpowiedzialność tę ponosi Skarb
Państwa, którego jednostkami organizacyjnymi (stationes fisci) są m.in. jednostki Policji. Specyfika powyższych
szkód przemawia za wyborem drugiej
ewentualności, czyli poddaniem ich reżimowi odpowiedzialności z tytułu wykonywania władzy publicznej
Spatial Storytelling in the Transmedial Storyworld of The Walking Dead Franchises
Authors: Lino Mirko
Published: January 2020

Zombies are conceivable as cultural artefact that follow and embody the evolution of media narratives. They have migrated from the margins of a media system (the niche of the horror cinema genre) to the center of media convergence practices, which could be summarized in the crossmedia dissemination of its key features and the construction of a transmedia storytelling for its fi ctions. Crossmedia dissemination and transmedia storytelling seem to have become two of the most dominant logical elements of contemporary entertainment; they indicate the power of the narrative to spill over the media boundaries in order to arrange a story through media ubiquity and a network of integrated media. To demonstrate this affi rmation, the following analysis will focus on the transformation both cultural, medial and formal of zombie fi ction, by considering as a case study the infamous comic novel (2003–) and TV serial The Walking Dead (2010–). The analysis will also be carried out into the ways they engage the spectator within a storyworld sustained by different media sharing and working together to consolidate a narrative system via fi ctional and – as we shall see – „real” spatialities.
Kinurenines in Central Nervous System under neuropathic pain – clinical implications from basic research
Authors: Ciapała Katarzyna , Rojewska Ewelina
Published: January 2020

Central nervous system disorders are often accompanied by changes in tryptophan metabolism. Kynurenine pathway is known to be the main route by which this essential amino acid is catabolized to a plenty of metabolites. Intermediates of this cascade are responsible for a wide spectrum of effects, including endogenous regulation of neuronal excitability and immune cells response. Excessive or disrupted activation of the pathway can lead to the accumulation of neurotoxic compounds, and in consequence, contributes to the development of various type of pathologies. These aspects shed new light on the kynurenine pathway as a promising target for development of new therapeutic strategies. Following work briefly characterizes the kynurenine pathway and discusses the neurobiological functions of kynurenines, with particular focus on their role in the development and persistence of neuropathic pain. It is also presenting the potential clinical implications of modulation of the kynurenine pathway in pharmacological therapy of chronic pain.
Should the Reporting of Bone Marrow Positivity for Amyloid Be Revised?: A Critical Assessment Based on 66 Biopsies From a Single Institution
Authors: Javidiparsijani Sara , Picken Maria M.
Published: January 2020

Context.—

Amyloidoses are rare but heterogeneous disorders for which diagnosis is contingent upon the detection of deposits by Congo red stain and amyloid protein typing determines the treatment options.

Objective.—

To address the reporting of bone marrow (BM) involvement by amyloid in relation to the spatial distribution of deposits and to explore whether the location of deposits may have clinical relevance.

Design.—

We examined 66 BM biopsies positive for amyloid with regard to the location and type of amyloid, the percentage and clonality of plasma cells, other organ involvement, and relevant clinical information.

Results.—

In 21 cases, amyloid deposits involved BM stroma, whereas 45 cases were nonstromal. All cases of stromal involvement were typed as amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis (or presumed AL), whereas nonstromal involvement was associated with at least 3 types of amyloidosis: AL, amyloid transthyretin (ATTR), and amyloid A (AA). The initial diagnosis of amyloidosis was made in a BM specimen in 21 of 66 cases (31.8%). Plasma cells ranged from 1% to 80% (mean, 13.4%; median, 8%; <10% in 44 of 66 specimens [66.6%]) and were monoclonal in 58 of 66 cases (87.8%), and in 54 of 66 cases (81.8%) amyloid deposits were documented in at least one other organ.

Conclusions.—

This study demonstrates that there is significant heterogeneity in the spatial distribution of amyloid in BM biopsy specimens with medullary, extramedullary, purely vascular, or combined involvement. Whereas stromal deposits were associated exclusively with AL, nonstromal and purely vascular deposits were seen in at least 3 types of systemic amyloidosis (AL, AA, and ATTR). We discuss the reporting of BM biopsy tissue positivity for amyloid deposits.
Y por mirarlo todo, nada veía: 21 días con @Margo_Glantz
Authors: Ballester Pardo Ignacio
Published: January 2020

A partir del libro Y por mirarlo todo, nada veía (2018) de Margo Glantz (Ciudad de México, 1930) analizamos la relación que tiene la novela con la escritura en Twitter. Esta obra que hibrida con el ensayo por la superposición caótica de fragmentos sobre la realidad parte de mensajes breves, alertas y banalidades que se comparten en las redes sociales. Por tanto, la escritora mexicana, como ya adelantó en Yo también me acuerdo (2014), augura un nuevo género para la literatura: la escritura digital diaria de remembranzas que también en papel permite entender los actuales modos de lectura, patentes en su actividad tuitera con el perfil @Margo_Glantz.

From the book Y por mirarlo todo, nada veía (2018) by Margo Glantz (Mexico City, 1930), we analyzed the relationship between the novel and writing on Twitter. This work that hybridizes with the essay by the chaotic superposition of fragments about reality starts from brief messages, alerts and banalities that are shared in social networks. Therefore, the Mexican writer, as already advanced in Yo también me acuerdo (2014), predicts a new genre for literature: the daily digital writing of remembrances that also on paper allows to understand the current modes of reading, patents in their tweeting activity with the @Margo_Glantz profile.
Entre el Que sais-je? y el Cogito ergo sum. Una reflexión sobre los orígenes escépticos de la literatura moderna a la luz de La historia del escepticismo desde Erasmo hasta Spinoza (1960), de Richard H. Popkins
Authors: Castany Prado Bernat
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo presenta el origen, evolución y motivos principales del escepticismo moderno a partir del comentario y ampliación de La historia del escepticismo desde Erasmo hasta Spinoza (1960), de Richard H. Popkins, con el objetivo de profundizar la lectura de las obras literarias de los siglos XVI y XVII.

This work presents the origin, evolution and main motifs of modern skepticism from the commentary and expansion of The History of Skepticism from Erasmus to Spinoza (1960), by Richard H. Popkins, with the aim of deepening the reading of the 16th and 17th centuries literature.
La polifonía del universo concentracionario en “El largo viaje” de Jorge Semprún
Authors: Urralburu Marcelo
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo de investigación abordamos los mecanismos narrativos de la novela El largo viaje (1963), escrita por Jorge Semprún a modo de cierre vital de su experiencia en el campo de concentración nazi de Buchenwald. De esta manera, identificamos dos elementos fundamentales en la estructuración de la novela y que tienen una dimensión funcional insoslayable: las trampas de la memoria y la clandestinidad en el exilio. Cada uno de ellos, además, orientados hacia desvirtuar continuamente cualquier sentido único o cualquier certeza irrevocable. Por así decirlo, todas las categorías de las escrituras del yo se cumplen en esta magnífica novela, pero Semprún consigue dar un paso más allá. Su potencia literaria radica en la construcción de una narración memorialística, autobiográfica y en diferentes grados ficcional, pero convirtiendo dicha experiencia literaria en una realidad compartida y polifónica en el marco de la experiencia concentracionaria. En definitiva: el uso de la fragmentariedad desde el polo de la emisión del discurso, así como el empleo de la técnica del collage narrativo, no son estrictamente semprunianos, como es natural. Pero sí destacan en esta obra por tener una configuración todavía moderna y marcada por las vicisitudes históricas de toda una generación europea.

In this research we tackle the narrative mechanisms of the novel Le Grand Voyage (1963), written by Jorge Semprún as a vital closure of his experience in the Nazi’s concentration camp of Buchenwald. In this way, we identify two fundamental elements in the novel’s structure and which have an unavoidable functional dimension: the traps of memory and the secrecy in exile. Each of them, moreover, oriented towards continually distorting any single meaning or any irrevocable certainty. In other words, all the categories of the scriptures of the self correspond in this magnificent novel, but Semprún manages to go a step further. Its literary power lies in the construction of a memorial, autobiographical and different fictional storytelling, but turning said literary experience into a shared and polyphonic reality within the framework of the concentration experience. In short: the use of fragmentarity from the pole of speech issuance, as well as the use of the narrative collage technique, are not strictly Semprunian, as is natural. But they do stand out in this work for having a still modern configuration, marked by the historical vicissitudes of an entire European generation.
Catolicismo consumado. Lo que queda de Dios
Authors: Ruiz Gauna de Lacalle Pol
Published: January 2020

El artículo aborda la relación entre la esencia y el destino del cristianismo; en particular, se centra en su carácter insoslayablemente católico y examina el sentido en el que puede afirmarse que la absoluta catolización (esto es: el cumplimiento del kerigma cristiano) es lo mismo que la nada. A tal efecto, problematiza la presunta diferencia entre fe y ateísmo, e introduce algunas consideraciones a propósito de cómo corresponde entender la vigencia del cristianismo en nuestra contemporaneidad.

The paper addresses the relationship between the essence and destiny of Christianity. In particular, it focuses on its catholic nature and deals with the sense in which it can be affirmed that absolute catholization (i.e. the fulfillment of the kerigma) is the same as nothing. To this end, it problematizes the alleged difference between faith and atheism, and introduces some considerations about what is Christianity today.
Apports et finalité de la géographie dans une formation de base. Réflexions et propositions
Authors: Mérenne-Schoumaker Bernadette
Published: January 2020

Pourquoi une formation géographique commune pour les élèves de 6 à 15 ans? Quelles plus-values au chapitre de l’apprentissage pour les futurs citoyennes et citoyens? Sur la base de trois années d’implication dans le cadre d’une réforme en profondeur de l’enseignement francophone en Belgique, nous avons tenté de cerner les apports majeurs et l’objectif final d’une formation en géographie. Si l’objectif est bien d’acquérir une éducation géographique au même titre que l’on acquiert une éducation scientifique ou linguistique, quatre apports plus spécifiques ont pu être établis : 1) aider les élèves à mieux se situer (voire à se déplacer) dans leurs cadres de vie; 2) ouvrir les élèves à l’ailleurs et aux différents « visages » de la Terre; 3) éclairer spatialement les grands enjeux de notre temps; 4) développer les compétences littéraciques classiques comme numériques des élèves. Cerner de la sorte la place de la discipline dans la formation permet sans conteste de mieux dialoguer avec les autres disciplines et de mieux organiser les programmes d’enseignement.
Pensée historique et problématisation des apprentissages : identification de modèles dans les écrits scientifiques anglophones
Authors: Moreau Daniel , Smith Jonathan
Published: January 2020

Cet article propose une analyse conceptuelle des écrits scientifiques anglophones sur la pensée historique sous l’angle de la problématisation des apprentissages. Une telle démarche est nécessaire dans le contexte actuel. D’une part, les prescrits didactiques incitent les enseignants à problématiser les apprentissages en classe d’histoire. D’autre part, les modèles de pensée historique véhiculés par ces écrits sont sollicités dans l’espace francophone par de nombreux didacticiens. L’objectif de cette analyse consiste à interroger ces modèles sous l’angle de la problématisation, pour rendre compte des situations-problèmes qu’ils commandent. Trois types de situation-problème sont identifiés. Un premier consiste à problématiser en fonction des concepts disciplinaires de la pensée historique. Un deuxième cible le processus de résolution par modelage et mise en oeuvre d’euristiques. Un troisième repose sur l’induction de structures sous-tendant les pratiques sociales. Des éléments de convergence et de divergence entre ces types de situation-problème sont discutés au terme de cette analyse conceptuelle.
Pour une pensée politique à l’école : problématique et fondements théoriques
Authors: Lemieux Olivier , Simard Denis
Published: January 2020

En un supposé temps de déclin de la participation électorale, plusieurs s’interrogent sur les moyens d’action capables de freiner l’aliénation politique des jeunes générations et la montée du cynisme. Dans ce contexte, l’école apparaît comme un champ d’action particulièrement névralgique. Si l’école québécoise n’offre pas spécifiquement une éducation politique, nous estimons cependant que certaines connaissances, compétences disciplinaires, compétences transversales et certains domaines généraux de formation sont susceptibles de participer à la formation d’une pensée politique. Mais qu’entendons-nous exactement par « pensée politique »? L’objet du présent article vise à proposer une construction de ce concept, notamment en le situant et en le distinguant d’autres concepts centraux de l’enseignement des sciences humaines. Ainsi, nous estimons que le présent article permettra de poser une première pierre théorique pour un plus vaste projet de recherche portant sur la « compétence politique » des citoyens, laquelle ajoute à la pensée politique la propension à s’intéresser à la vie publique et à y participer.
La contribution du Quatuor Molinari au rayonnement par le disque de la musique de R. Murray Schafer, Jean Papineau-Couture et Petros Shoujounian
Authors: Raynault Alexis
Published: January 2020

Interprète mondialement reconnu du répertoire contemporain et récipiendaire de nombreux prix, le Quatuor Molinari a enregistré près de quinze disques depuis sa fondation en 1997. Cet article traite de l’apport des disques du Quatuor Molinari au rayonnement de la musique de trois compositeurs canadiens – R. Murray Schafer, Jean Papineau-Couture et Petros Shoujounian – en le contextualisant historiquement par rapport à la genèse des oeuvres abordées et aux autres ensembles qui les ont jouées.
Le religieux comme vecteur d’étude du haut Moyen Âge
Authors: Blennemann Gordon
Published: January 2020

Cet article propose d’explorer l’importance du phénomène religieux comme vecteur de compréhension du monde médiéval. Dans une perspective d’enrichissement de l’échange entre les disciplines intéressées par le phénomène religieux, il souhaite familiariser les étudiants et les chercheurs en dehors du champ de l’histoire médiévale avec quelques tendances passées et actuelles de la recherche, notamment des travaux intéressés par une étude du religieux à l’intersection du politique et du social. En complément de ces observations préliminaires, l’article trace quelques pistes de réflexion pour les champs de recherche de l’hagiographie et de l’histoire du culte des saints et celui de l’histoire de la liturgie, en focalisant sur le haut Moyen Âge occidental.
Le dilemme d’une métaphysique chinoise
Authors: Ghiglione Anna
Published: January 2020

La cosmologie traditionnelle chinoise n’a pas alimenté une spéculation métaphysique axée sur l’idée d’une séparation radicale entre la Nature et la dimension matérielle d’une part, et la substance, l’Être et la sphère divine d’autre part. La notion d’hypophysiqueserait plus appropriée pour faire référence à l’attention que les maîtres à penser portaient, dès l’époque classique (ve-iiiesiècle av. J.-C.), à un substrat de la réalité doté d’une phénoménalité minimale, constitué de signes menus à interpréter, et aux lignes de cohérence intrinsèques à l’ordre naturel de choses. Pourtant, le concept de métaphysique est employé dans plusieurs études contemporaines pour expliquer d’une manière unitaire les principes fondateurs de la pensée naturaliste chinoise. Si, initialement, en Chine, la démarche métaphysique était associée à la théologie chrétienne, avec l’avènement de la modernité elle a fini par être rapprochée de l’ancienne cosmologie ; l’équivalent lexical chinois demétaphysique(xing’ershangxue), dérivé d’une expression qui figure dans un commentaire duClassique des mutations, témoigne de cet effort de domestication.
La religion dans la philosophie et la philosophie dans la religion
Authors: Grondin Jean
Published: January 2020

Présenté lors d’un colloque interdisciplinaire soulignant l’intégration en 2017 de l’Institut d’études religieuses à la Faculté des arts et des sciences de l’université de Montréal, ce texte aimerait rappeler à très grands traits quelques-uns des liens étroits qui ont uni la philosophie à la religion et la théologie. Il souligne d’abord la dette infinie, immémoriale et en un sens douloureuse de la philosophie envers la religion, qui a pensé et célébré avant elle l’idée d’un ordre et d’une beauté du monde, puis la dette de la théologie et de la religion elle-même envers la philosophie quand elles ont voulu exprimer leur message de salut dans le langage de la raison.
L’anthropologie « post-séculière » du religieux
Authors: Meintel Deirdre
Published: January 2020

Les anthropologues ont longtemps été imprégnés d’un certain athéisme méthodologique lorsqu’il s’agissait d’étudier les religions lointaines des « autres ». Or, une telle approche ne semble plus adaptée au genre de terrains réalisé aujourd’hui. Nous examinons brièvement les causes de ce « glissement tectonique » au sein de l’anthropologie, ainsi que ses conséquences pour les terrains religieux. Ensuite, nous explorons les nouvelles possibilités qu’offre l’émergence de ce que certains qualifient d’anthropologie « post-séculière », dont un nouveau dialogue avec la théologie.
Le charme discret de l’enseignement religieux
Authors: Thériault Barbara
Published: January 2020

À l’origine d’une aventure sociologique et journalistique, une enquête de type ethnographique dans une ville de taille moyenne d’Allemagne de l’Est dont l’autrice a publié une partie des résultats dans les pages d’un quotidien régional, se trouve un détail lié à la religion : l’attrait étonnant des cours d’enseignement religieux sur les familles « sans confession ». C’est de ce détail, et de la réaction qu’il a suscitée, qu’il est question dans ce texte, un compte rendu articulé en deux temps de la transformation d’une tranche du « milieu de la société » et de son rapport à certaines institutions religieuses.
L’économie selon Agamben
Authors: Gignac Alain
Published: January 2020

Le règne et la gloire du philosophe italien Agamben (2007) consiste en une enquête sur la trajectoire théologico-politique du concept grec « économie », depuis Aristote et les pères de l’Église jusqu’aux théologiens médiévaux (et les philosophes modernes). Il s’agit d’une oeuvre qui transgresse les frontières disciplinaires et appelle un dialogue interdisciplinaire. Si Agamben emprunte à la théologie, comment, par effet de retour, sa philosophie politique nous permet-elle de revisiter notre théologie et nos interprétations bibliques ? Avant de répondre à cette question, il faut toutefois analyser le discours d’Agamben. L’objectif poursuivi ici est donc de décrire de manière critique la méthode agambénienne et d’en suivre la discursivité, en mettant en relief la construction d’un dispositif bipolaire : d’une part, la vie divine, interne à Dieu, comprise en terme économique ; d’autre part, l’action divine pour créer, gérer et sauver le monde, externe à Dieu, elle aussi comprise en termes économiques. Or, la mise à jour de ce dispositif permet à Agamben d’expliquer l’impasse politique actuelle et de proposer un remède.
Estudios sociales sobre el consumo. Trayectorias disciplinares de un campo de estudio en construcción
Authors: Aristizábal García Diana Marcela
Published: January 2020

The article presents a theoretical and historiographical review of consumption as a transversal category of social sciences. It traces the questions, the debates and the main lines of research that have differentially consolidated from each disciplinary field and that have nourished the discussions of this emerging field of study. Thus, it reveals how social reflections on consumption are the result of interdisciplinary loans, connected debates and shared discussions that have allowed researchers to broaden their perspectives of analysis.
Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on quality of Barhi dates at Khalal stage
Authors: jumaah hayder
Published: January 2020

Barhi Dates are an important food and often consumed and sold in the market during the stage Khalal, when the colour is yellow and their taste is sweet with the disappearance of their astringent taste. During the Khalal stage, these dates become physiologically mature with gives the sweet taste. For this reason, they are sold and consumed in a short period of time before these fruits turn into Rutab, a stage at which they lose that distinguishing characteristic. The high moisture, rapid ripening, and delays in transportation or improper storage conditions quickly result in Rutab stage. Thus The Khalal stage lasts for a short time until the fruits get ripe. In the present study, Barhi Khalals were packaged in air (control) and by two types of modified atmosphere packaging: MAP A (5% O2+ 20% CO2 and 75% N2) and MAP B (40% O2+ 20% CO2 and 40% N2). Afterwards, all samples were stored at 5°C for 30 days. On days zero, 10, 20 and 30 of storage, the fruits were evaluated in terms of the changes in the quality indices of weight loss, colour, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), and firmness of the fruits and sensory features. The results showed that the minimum weight loss was 0.45% in modified atmosphere packaging, especially with MAP A and the minimum increase in the TSS was 37.35 Brix° after 30 days of the storage. On the other hand, the results for firmness, colour, and sensory evaluation were better with control packaging.
A numerical model for studying the thermal denaturation-aggregation of whey proteins under continuous thermal processing
Authors: Plana-Fattori Artemio , Doursat Christophe , Coutouly Alienor , Riaublanc Alain , Flick Denis
Published: January 2020

A computational fluid dynamics model was designed to study the problem of thermal processing of a liquid food product containing whey proteins within a heat exchanger consisting of heating, holding and cooling tubular sections. This physical problem is associated with strong coupling between the phenomena of fluid flow, heat transfer, and thermal denaturation-aggregation of whey proteins. Our primary objective was to investigate the two-way coupling between these phenomena within the heat exchanger. This was carried out by analyzing the model predictions of velocity, temperature and product properties at both axial and radial directions. Attention was focussed on the whey proteins present in a cream cheese formulation. The thermal denaturation-aggregation kinetics was supposed to follow that of the beta-lacto-globulin, which plays a major role in fouling when milk derivatives are submitted to thermal processing in heat exchangers. Model predictions demonstrated that the apparent viscosity of the liquid product exhibited a complex behavior along the processing unit: in addition to its dependence on local temperature, it was affected by the local degree of denaturation of whey proteins – and hence on the product history previous to this position in the heat exchanger. The numerical model was structured into a sequence of computational domains; its versatility was illustrated by changing the length of the holding section and then assessing the impact on the final degree of denaturation of the whey proteins present in the liquid product.
The effect of in vitro enzyme digestion on antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) fruit and two commercially processed tomato pastes
Authors: SALAWU SULE , Faloye Olatunde F. , Ola-Salawu Bukola B. , Akindahunsi Akintunde A.
Published: January 2020

Tomato is a horticultural crop of interest, that is widely consumed fresh or as processed products. The present investigation was to evaluate the antioxidant indices (total phenolic content, flavonoid content, ferric reducing antioxidant power, radical scavenging activities, inhibitory action against lipid oxidation) and anti-cholinesterase action (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) of tomato fruits (ripe and unripe) and  pastes (paste 2 and paste 1) after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. The total phenolic content (mg/g GAE) of the In vitro digested tomato fruits and pastes showed higher values (ripe tomato: 61.08; tomato paste1: 56.02; tomato paste 2: 60.36; unripe tomato: 38.97) than the ethanolic extracts, with digested ripe tomato ranking higher. Similar results were also obtained for total flavonoid content, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and the radical scavenging activities (DPPH*, ABTS˙+, NO*, OH*), with the in vitro digested samples ranking high. The ability of the enzyme digested and ethanolic extracts of tomato fruits and pastes to inhibit iron and sodium nitroprusside induced lipid oxidation in rat’s liver and brain homogenate increased in a concentration dependent manner, with the enzyme digested tomato fruits and pastes ranking high. Similarly, the ability of the in vitro digested tomato fruit and pastes to enhance activities of the antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GSH, SOD and Catalase) and to inhibit the formation of cholinesterases ranked high. The result of this investigation showed that the studied tomato fruit and pastes possess antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities that would be bio-available after the gastrointestinal digestion and by implication could be harnessed as functional food.
Textural, rheological and sensory properties of spreadable processed goat cheese
Authors: Burgos Laura , Pece Nora , Maldonado Silvina
Published: January 2020

The aim of this work was to study the influence of the ripening degree of natural goat cheese on texture, rheological and sensory properties of processed cheese products. Processed cheeses were formulated using goat cheeses with 10, 20, and 40 days of ripening. We obtained four different formulations by varying the proportions of these cheeses in each formulation. The variation in major α, β, and para-κ casein fractions, rheological properties, and the texture of samples were determined, and a sensorial evaluation was carried out. Cheeses from Formulation 2 (50% cheese ripened for 10 days, 25% cheese ripened for 20 days and 25% cheese ripened for 40 days) had greater values of α and β –caseins, which is related to a greater content of intact casein resulting from a cheese with short ripening time. Hardness, adhesiveness and complex modulus (G*) decreased as the degree of ripening of the natural cheese (raw material) increased. Formulation 2 presented a G* value similar to that of the commercial processed cow cheese and the greatest firmness. Formulation 2 presented the characteristics we aimed to obtain, described as spreadable, slightly acid and salty cheese.
Improvement of microbiological quality of hen egg powder using gamma irradiation
Authors: Al-Bachir M.
Published: January 2020

Eggs and their products such as desserts, confectioneries, bakery mixes, mayonnaise and many convenience foods have been implicated in food-borne disease outbreaks due to microorganism contamination. The effect of gamma irradiation on the presence of microorganisms in egg powder was investigated. Egg powder samples were exposed to several doses of irradiation: 0, 5, 10 and 15 kGy and stored for up to 12 months at ambient temperature (25 oC). Results indicated that the total viable count (TVC) (5.56 log10 cfu g-1), total coliform counts (TCC) (6.46 log10 cfu g-1) and mold and yeast counts (MYC) (9.12 log10 cfu g) in un-irradiated (control) samples of egg powder were higher than the maximum limits (4.88, 2.00 and 1.70 log10 cfu g-1, respectively). Application of the higher doses (10 and 15 kGy) decreased the TVC, TCC and MYC of the egg powder samples to less than 1 log10 cfu g-1 and the counts remained almost constant during storage for 12 months. D10 values for Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium were 0.714 and 0.278 kGy, respectively. Gamma irradiation treatment could be chosen on the basis of preliminary microbiological tests including TVC, TCC and MYC and help improve the hygienic quality by killing and reducing the microorganisms that might be present inside of egg powder to meet national and international standards.
Various factors affect product properties in apple cider production
Authors: Wicklund Trude , Skottheim Elizabeth R. , Remberg Siv F.
Published: January 2020

Different parameters in cider processing were evaluated using different cultivars of Norwegian-grown table apples measuring the quality of cider. Seven different apple cultivars were mixed into four different apple juice mixtures. In this experiment, we evaluated the maturation of the apples along with commercial cider yeast and spontaneous alcoholic fermentation. Other parameters were fermentation temperature and filtration along with content of polyphenols, organic acids and volatile compounds that was analysed as an effect of the fermentation process. Succinic acid was the major organic acid in apples and ciders. The different apple juice mixtures did not reveal pyruvic and acetic acids but they appeared in relatively high amount in the ciders. The level of citric acid increased from apple to cider. Chlorogenic acid was the major polyphenolic compound found from 13-109 mg L-1 in the apple juice mixtures and between 27-200 mg L-1 in the ciders. The higher alcohol 3-methyl-1-butanol appeared in relatively large amounts in all the ciders (91-166 mg L-1). The average content of acetaldehyde increased during the fermentation process, from apple juice mixtures 2.75 mg L-1 and 14.65 mg L-1 in the ciders. The content also increased for ethyl acetate with levels at 0.1 mg L-1 in the apple juice mixture and 20 mg L-1 in the cider. In the sensory evaluation experiment, the ciders produced from the apple cultivars Aroma, Gravenstein and Summerred got higher scores in fruitiness and complexity compared to the other apple juice mixtures.
Pequi oil microencapsulation by complex coacervation using gelatin-cashew gum
Authors: Nascimento Marília Alves do , Silva Luana Carvalho da , Mendes Luana Guabiraba , Furtado Roselayne , Costa José Maria Correia da , Biswas Atanu , Cheng Huai N. , Alves Carlucio Roberto
Published: January 2020

New functional foods and beverages can be developed using bioactive compounds present in pequi oil. Complex coacervation is an encapsulation method used for preserving bioactive molecules, especially those that are hydrophobic or sensitive to high temperatures. The objective of this work was to produce and characterize pequi oil microparticles using cashew gum/gelatin matrix (CG/GE) through complex coacervation. Gum Arabic (GA) was also studied in comparison with CG. The coacervation process was performed withoutpequi oil to determine the ideal proportions of the matrix components, followed by the embedding of the oil inthe microparticles for evaluation. Satisfactory microparticles were produced at pH 4.5 in the weight ratios of CG/GE = 2:1 and GA/GE = 1:3. Pequi oil release was greater in acidic pH, especially at pH 2 for the CG/GE matrix. The encapsulation efficiency for CG/GE and GA/GE was 72.53% (±4.80) and 82.77% (±6.09), respectively. The results showed that the CG/GE combination seemed very promising as anencapsulation matrix, especially for food applications involving pH values higher than 3.
Endothelial heterogeneity across distinct vascular beds during homeostasis and inflammation
Authors: Jambusaria Ankit , Hong Zhigang , Zhang Lianghui , Srivastava Shubhi , Jana Arundhati , Toth Peter T , Dai Yang , Malik Asrar B , Rehman Jalees
Published: January 2020

Blood vessels are lined by endothelial cells engaged in distinct organ-specific functions but little is known about their characteristic gene expression profiles. RNA-Sequencing of the brain, lung, and heart endothelial translatome identified specific pathways, transporters and cell-surface markers expressed in the endothelium of each organ, which can be visualized at http://www.rehmanlab.org/ribo. We found that endothelial cells express genes typically found in the surrounding tissues such as synaptic vesicle genes in the brain endothelium and cardiac contractile genes in the heart endothelium. Complementary analysis of endothelial single cell RNA-Seq data identified the molecular signatures shared across the endothelial translatome and single cell transcriptomes. The tissue-specific heterogeneity of the endothelium is maintained during systemic in vivo inflammatory injury as evidenced by the distinct responses to inflammatory stimulation. Our study defines endothelial heterogeneity and plasticity and provides a molecular framework to understand organ-specific vascular disease mechanisms and therapeutic targeting of individual vascular beds.
Muscle function and homeostasis require cytokine inhibition of AKT activity in Drosophila
Authors: Kierdorf Katrin , Hersperger Fabian , Sharrock Jessica , Vincent Crystal M , Ustaoglu Pinar , Dou Jiawen , Gyoergy Attila , Groß Olaf , Siekhaus Daria E , Dionne Marc S
Published: January 2020

Unpaired ligands are secreted signals that act via a GP130-like receptor, domeless, to activate JAK/STAT signalling in Drosophila. Like many mammalian cytokines, unpaireds can be activated by infection and other stresses and can promote insulin resistance in target tissues. However, the importance of this effect in non-inflammatory physiology is unknown. Here, we identify a requirement for unpaired-JAK signalling as a metabolic regulator in healthy adult Drosophila muscle. Adult muscles show basal JAK-STAT signalling activity in the absence of any immune challenge. Plasmatocytes (Drosophila macrophages) are an important source of this tonic signal. Loss of the dome receptor on adult muscles significantly reduces lifespan and causes local and systemic metabolic pathology. These pathologies result from hyperactivation of AKT and consequent deregulation of metabolism. Thus, we identify a cytokine signal that must be received in muscle to control AKT activity and metabolic homeostasis.