bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Management of Organizational Culture in the Quiet Quitting Phenomenon in Romanian Companies
Authors: Rugiubei Radu , Cruceanu Sabina
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to explore the phenomenon of quiet quitting within Romanian companies and its relationship with organizational culture, demographic factors, leadership styles, and peer/supervisor pressure. The research aims to determine how and if these characteristics influence the phenomenon of quiet quitting in any way. The findings reveal a strong association between organizational culture and quiet quitting, suggesting that the nature of an organisation’s culture directly influences employees’ inclination to consider such actions. Additionally, leadership style significantly impacted quiet quitting, indicating that managerial approaches play a pivotal role in employees’ decision-making. Furthermore, the study did not identify a substantial connection between peer influence and the relationship between corporate culture and quiet quitting. These findings emphasise the critical role of organizational culture and leadership approaches in understanding and addressing the quiet quitting phenomenon. The results highlight the need for employers to foster a positive and healthy work environment and to implement effective leadership strategies to mitigate the likelihood of employees considering quiet quitting.
Personalizacja w kształceniu szkolnym – z doświadczeń nauczyciela i opiekuna zawodowych praktyk tutorskich
Authors: Sporek Paweł
Published: January 2025

The article is dedicated to the issue of university professional tutoring practice as a form of personalised education, preparing students for the teaching profession and conducting tutoring sessions in primary and secondary schools. The author presents the foundations of personalisation in schools and universities by explaining the idea of tutoring, pointing out the specifics of this method, and emphasising its importance for the educational process in respecting the student subjectivity. The reflections on professional practice are based on scientific material obtained from three private schools, where students conducted tutoring sessions with primary and secondary school students. In evaluating this practice, the researcher refers to testimonies from the students, the parents, and the school teachers who supervised the practice. These issues serve as the basis for the author to formulate conclusions regarding the usefulness of tutoring in schools and its place in university education.
Impact of the 2020 Medicaid Expansion in a Community Clinic Serving the Marshallese Population in a Rural State
Authors: Brand Robert , Robinson Samantha , Rahman Mohammod Mahmudur , Hazaa Alshaimaa , CarlLee Sheena , Jensen Hanna
Published: January 2025

Introduction
In December of 2020, the US government passed into law a bill allowing states to enroll Compact of Free Association citizens (including citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands) into Medicaid. This study analyzes the impact of this expansion on the healthcare of Marshallese patients at a dedicated community clinic on a regional medical campus, serving this unique population. 
Methods
Through retrospective review of patients who utilized the community clinic either before (05/2020 to 02/2021) or after (05/2021 to 02/2022) the Medicaid expansion, this study sought to compare patients’ insurance information, number of total patients visiting the clinic, number of total patient visits, referrals per patient, and completed referrals per patient were compared between time periods.  
Results
A total of 378 patients utilized the clinic during the study period. The results demonstrated a significant increase in patient utilization of healthcare services (20.1% vs. 8.7%, p<0.01), percentage of clinic visits that included referrals (23.6% vs. 16.5%, p<0.01), and percentage of completed referrals following the Medicaid expansion (16.1% vs. 10.5%, p=0.03). Analyses of comorbidities indicated similar disease burden in both pre and post cohorts. 
Conclusion
The study’s findings suggest an increase in the use of healthcare services following the expansion of Medicaid services to previously uninsured patients. Existing literature documents the gaps in primary care services for underrepresented and uninsured populations in the United States and the significant consequences of lack of access to care. Findings from this study can aid health policymakers in designing and implementing new strategies to increase healthcare access and utilization in target populations. Future research is needed to determine how these healthcare-related behaviors affect patient health and how expanding healthcare policies may elucidate such results on a larger scale.
Addressing the Rural and Underserved Healthcare Workforce Needs
Authors: Morales-Luna Kenya , Morrison Stacey , Keys Toby
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The availability of well-trained healthcare providers in rural and medically underserved areas in the United States is crucial for improving health outcomes. The Area Health Education Center (AHEC) Scholars program, funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), is a national effort to address these persistent healthcare shortages through a health professional student certificate program. This is a descriptive study of graduates of the University of Washington WWAMI AHEC Scholars program’s residency selection and workforce outcomes.
Methods: From July 2022 to December 2023, our research team conducted a follow-up survey and online search to locate WWAMI AHEC Scholars graduates from the 2018 and 2019 cohorts. Data was collected on graduates' residency selection for MD/DO graduates. For all other participants, we documented their current healthcare professions, practice locations (rural and/or medically underserved areas), and whether the practice was a federally qualified health center.
Results: We located 94.1% (159) of WWAMI AHEC Scholars Graduates. Among the 47 MD/DO students, 61.7% (29) matched into primary care. Additionally, 13.4% (13) of participants from other healthcare programs were located in rural areas and 26.7% (26) in medically underserved areas, highlighting the program's impact on the current maldistribution of healthcare providers.
Conclusion: The WWAMI AHEC Scholars Program offers a promising model for encouraging rural and underserved practice. However, more outcome-based research is needed to understand the long-term impact of this program.
In Memoriam: Elizabeth Ryan, EdD
Authors: Termuhlen Paula
Published: January 2025

Elizabeth Ruth Ryan, EdD passed away peacefully on October 31, 2024, after a brief illness. She was surrounded by family at the time of her death and was cared for by former students during her hospitalization.
Dr. Ryan was passionate about her work in medical education. She served as the Director and Associate Dean for the Northwest-Gary Campus of the Indiana University School of Medicine from 2018-2023. Since 2023, she served the Indiana University Medical School in the role of Associate Dean for Educational Integration and Professor of Clinical Family Medicine. Her contributions to the growth and development of future physicians spanned decades. Her simple motto of “work hard, be nice and earn your credibility” brought her the love and respect of those with whom she worked.
Dr. Ryan was generous with her time. Representing the voice of a first-gen college graduate who worked her way up through the ranks, she was a member of the Steering Committee of the AAMC Group on Regional Medical Campuses and formerly served on the Executive Board of the AAMC Central Group on Educational Affairs. The Journal of Regional Medical Campuses benefitted from Dr. Ryan’s outstanding contributions as an author and reviewer.
Her passing leaves a hole in the hearts of those who had the privilege of knowing Elizabeth.
Exosomes in Dermatological Aesthetics & Cosmetic Skin Care
Authors:   Landsberg Academy, Jabs Hans-Ulrich
Published: January 2025

Exosomes, tiny membrane-bound vesicles, play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication and are of great interest as therapeutics in dermatological aesthetics and skin care. This article provides an overview of their origin, function, and cosmetic applications in skin care.
Casts Nephropathy in a Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors:   Hospital Ángeles Metropolitano, Universidad la Salle, Mexico, A Cabrera-Huerta
Published: January 2025

We present the case of a patient with a previous diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) without an established etiological basis. The patient was admitted with criteria for urgent dialysis, prompting the initiation of renal replacement therapy.
Lung and Thyroid Cancer Diagnosed During a Single Bronchoscopic Procedure
Authors:   Department of internal medicine, Eisenhower Health, Rancho Mirage, California, United states
Published: January 2025

Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is a minimally invasive sampling modality used in the evaluation of lung cancers with mediastinal and hilar/lobar lymphadenopathy. Its diagnostic utility in the evaluation of other mediastinal lesions is less clear.
Implementasi Manajemen Keuangan Perspektif Akuntansi pada Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (PDIP) Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Istiqomah Lailatul , Ahmad Arisona
Published: January 2025

This research focuses on the implementation of financial management from an accounting perspective in the Indonesian Democratic Union party (PDIP) Jember Regency. The research design used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. The selection of informants used in this research was based on the snowball sampling method. The informants in this research were the secretary, treasurer, and party body administrators who were party members involved in financial management in PDIP Jember Regency. The result of the research show that financial management from an accounting perspective at PDIP Jember Regency has been implemented well. However, some have not implemented the principle of transparency as regulated in the Political Party Law.
Analysis of Integrated Marketing Communication Strategy for Surabaya Medical Tourism
Authors: Junaedi Rusli Akhmad
Published: January 2025

This article investigates an integrated marketing communication (IMC) strategy to develop Surabaya Medical Tourism's marketing process so that local medical tourists know Surabaya City's identity as a medical tourism destination. Background draws its inspiration from the fact that many residents of Surabaya City opt to seek medical treatment abroad despite Surabaya City being a popular destination for medical tourism and home to several major hospitals in Indonesia. The method uses a case study design with a qualitative methodology. Collected data through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analyses. This goal is achieved by applying data triangulation. The results show that IMC strategies consist of two main activities in the pre-trip stage. Digital marketing activities involve endorsement by optimizing owned media with paid programmatic advertising. Enhance event and experience activities by leveraging MICE collaboration and community marketing strategies. IMC strategies on stage during the trip include content marketing with informative content and a special bundling package. IMC strategies in the after-trip stage include referral marketing, electronic word-of-mouth communications, and feedback optimization.
Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke investigation and management protocol
Authors: Ramos Nicolas , David Gustavo , Stadnick Simone , Raitez Stephanie
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE: To describe the condition, the management of the case and its clinical manifestations in order to alert healthcare professionals regarding the importance of early diagnosis of Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke (NAIS).
CASE REPORT: Male newborn, delivered at a tertiary hospital in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, via cesarean section at an early term, with no reported complications. Upon birth, the baby presented with hypotonia, hypoactivity, and weak crying. Subsequently, bradycardia and the need for positive pressure ventilation and hypoglycemia were observed. Within the first hours of life, the baby exhibited tremors in the upper limbs upon stimulation. Laboratory tests did not clarify the situation, therefore blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid samples were requested. At 24 hours of life, persistent tremors and drooping of the right side of the mouth were noted, raising suspicion of convulsive seizures. Management included phenobarbital to control the symptoms. A head computed tomography revealed hypodensity in the right hemisphere, suggestive of hypoxic-ischemic injury. A brain computed tomography angiography did not reveal any signs. Following discussions with the neuropediatrician and neurosurgeons, the diagnosis of NAIS was established. In the subsequent days, the patient was closely monitored and discharged with instructions on the 35th day of life.
DISCUSSION: NAIS is a prevalent condition among newborns. Howerer, diagnosis rates in Brazil are lagging behind due to the nonspecific clinical manifestations and the insufficient attention to the topic within the medical community. In this context, individuals affected by NAIS endure lifelong consequences.
Corrected transposition of great arteries in joint housing routine: Case report
Authors: Queiroz Bruno , Ardisson Vinicius , Andrade Sônia , Barreto Priascila , Pereira Andrea
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION: We report a case of a newborn with Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries, congenital heart disease associated with pulmonary atresia, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and situs inversus. Pacient successfully underwent modified Blalock-Taussig-Thomas surgery.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries, reviewing the anatomy, elucidating the complementary confirmatory tests and the management of emergency care in the face of ductal-dependent congenital heart lesions.
CASE REPORT: Full-term newborn, appropriate for gestational age, female, born by vaginal delivery without need for neonatal resuscitation. The mother received regular prenatal care, without complications. During the routine rooming-in visit, the patient had significant cyanosis, with no alteration in the physical examination that would explain the clinical picture.
CONCLUSION: The importance of ultrasound during prenatal care is reinforced in the search for early diagnosis of congenital anomalies and the presence of a multidisciplinary team prepared to identify clinical signs indicative of critical cyanotic heart disease, allowing rapid and assertive care, which are fundamental for a favorable outcome for the newborn.
Vietnamese herbal opioid addiction treatment medication Heantos-4
Authors: Turkia Mika
Published: January 2025

Heantos-4 is a non-toxic, non-addictive herbal detoxification medicine for opioid addiction. It was initially invented in Vietnam in the 1980s and tested and developed further in Vietnam in the early 1990s. Since 1995 it has been studied in international cooperation, standardized first into earlier versions and finally to the current version Heantos-4. The various versions have been utilized at Vietnamese inpatient rehabilitation clinics since 1991. During detoxification, it has a predominantly sedative effect. It likely acts as a dopaminergic stabilizer, counteracting both hyperdopaminergic and hypodopaminergic states. Up to 2008, an estimated 9000 patients had been treated. An uncontrolled phase III clinical trial carried out in Vietnam in 2008 indicated an approximately 90% success rate during an initial seven-day inpatient detoxification treatment. This formally unpublished trial is briefly reviewed in this article. In 2012, Heantos-4 was licensed for over-the-counter outpatient use in Vietnam. The Heantos-4 formulation consists of extracts of twelve plants commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In addition, animal-based gelatin is utilized as a binding agent. The product has been said to conform to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) standards. The patent of the product belongs to the National Institute of Chemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST). An initial hindrance to clinical trials and international adoption was a lack of necessary polypharmacokinetic methods for determining the constituent molecules and the active agents of the complex mixture. In 2020 a key active agent l-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) was identified. Due to synergistic effects between components Heantos-4 likely provides better tolerability and a greater therapeutic efficacy in comparison to l-THP alone. The article also briefly describes the approximately 40-year history of the development of Heantos, partly based on unpublished internal documents of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). In the 2000s, a severe opioid epidemic emerged in the United States. More than ever an effective method for resolving opioid addiction is needed. As of yet only uncontrolled clinical trials of Heantos have been carried out. There is thus an urgent need for randomized controlled clinical trials.
النسوية بين الليبرالية والمعيارية في العلاقات الدولية
Authors: ا.م. بسمة الاوقاتي
Published: January 2025

نشأت المدرسة الليبرالية (Liberalism) التي سعت لبناء نموذجها الفكري (Paradigm) في التحليل السياسي الذي على أساسه تقوم بتحليل النشاط البشري السياسي على المستوى المحلي والداخلي والدولي، والتعرف على الدوافع خلف ذلك النشاط، حيث إهتم البشر في بناء التفاهمات والاتفاقيات والمعاهدات وإعطاء الالتزامات وصياغة القواعد والاطر والقوانين المنظمة للمجتمع الإنساني داخليا ام دوليا، ووضع المعايير الملزمة لتلبية حاجات ومصالح إنسانية أساسية واولية لا تتحقق ولا تستقر ولا تستدام الا بتلك القواعد والقوانين المنظمة.
ومنذ مطلع القرن العشرين وبداية تشكل التنظيم الدولي تم طرح العديد من المواضيع والأمور الحيوية والهامة على مائدة هذا التنظيم لتتحول الى أجندة وقواعد وعناصر معيارية (Normative) يتم عبرها وبالاستناد اليها ضبط كثير من العوامل والمتغيرات والتفاعلات بما يحقق بيئة اكثر أمنا واستقرارا وملائمة لتحقيق الطمأنينة والتنمية ومعالجة اية تطورات سلبية وهي في المهد. هكذا تم طرح قضايا الحرية الإنسانية وحقوق الانسان (Human Rights) وحقوق المرأة (Women's rights) بعدّهما ليس قضايا إنسانية مثالية وأخلاقية أساسية فحسب، بل أيضا جزء من المصالح الحيوية الحياتية المرتبطة بالسلام واستدامته، وذات علاقة وثيقة بالأمن والاقتصاد والنمو والتقدم. أيضا عُدّت هذه الجوانب معايير وعناصر فحص واختبار وتقييم لأفكار وتوجهات وسلوك القوى السياسية بعدّها مفاصل ومؤشرات ذات دلالة ومقاربة وقائية لقطع الطريق امام القوى والتوجهات السلبية فيما يخص السلام والامن.
فرضية الدراسة تنطلق من فكرة مفادها: هناك علاقة طردية بين قضايا المرأة وتمكينها وقضايا السياسة والعلاقات الدولية وفق المقاربتين الليبرالية والمعيارية؛ فتقدم قضايا المرأة واعطائها الأسبقية مع قضايا حقوق الانسان الأخرى وجعلها عنصرا معياريا ملزما على صعيديّ الدول والمنظمات الدولية ولاسيما زيادة فرص تقلد المرأة للمواقع القيادية سينعكاس إيجابيا على قضايا التعاون والسلام والبناء والتقدم والتطور داخليا ودوليا.
ان ورقتنا البحثية هذه هي دراسة أولية لاستكشاف معيار مهم بدأ الأخذ به في العلاقات الدولية ينطلق من مدى مشاركة النساء في القرار السياسي والاقتصادي والقانوني والذي يشكل مؤشر لتطور الدول في الإعتراف بدور النساء وتأثيرهن كعنصر مساو للرجل في تشكيل القرار السياسي والإنساني، بما يعزز تأمين مطلبي الأمن والسلام وتبني المقاربات الدبلوماسية والاقتصادية وارتباط هذا التوجه بقضايا المدرسة الليبرالية في العلاقات الدولية.
أن قضية الدفاع عن حقوق المرأة لم تعد فقط قضية إنسانية أخلاقية نبيلة حظيت وتحظى بإهتمام متزايد من المجتمعات الإنسانية المتحضرة وقضية حيوية لحاضر ومستقبل الأسرة ولجانب كبير وقطاع واسع من المجتمع يسعى لحياة طبيعية سوية خالية من المشاكل والعقد، بل هي أيضا قضية ذات بعد اخلاقي في المجال السياسي وفي العلاقات الدولية بعدها أضحت عنصرا معياريا تتصاعد أهميته ومكانته الى جانب عناصر حقوقية أخرى في المقدمة منها حقوق الانسان التي غدت التزامات دولية مقننة وموثقة ويتم مراقبتها بعد ان ادركت البشرية أهمية فكرة الالتزامات والمعيارية الحقوقية في ضمان بيئة آمنة مستقرة.
الكلمات المفتاحية: المدرسة الليبراليه، النظرية النسوية، المعيارية، المرأة، السلام.
سياسة الرئيس الامريكي باراك اوباما في التقارب مع ايران تجاه الشرق الاوسط (الملف العراقي انموذجا )
Authors: ا.م.د طارق محمدطيب ظاهر القصار  , م.د. محمد زهير عبد الكريم
Published: January 2025

مثلت إدارة الرئيس باراك أوباما النموذج الواضح للسياسة الخارجية الأمريكية في التعامل مع إيران بطريقة خاصة من التغيير والاستمرارية. بتبنى منهجاً خاصاً للتعامل معها لضرورات إقتضتها المصلحة الأمريكية والظروف المحيطة بها سياسياً واقتصادياً وعسكرياً. مع الاتزام في الوقت نفسه باستمرارية سياسة الصراع الأمريكية مع إيران، في ظل تفاقم المشاكل بين الطرفين، وخصوصاً فيما يتعلق بمشكلة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في العراق .
 يمثل العراق مشكلة طبيعية ونموذجًا للصراع والتعاون بين الطرفين الأمريكي - الإيراني. وفي إطار سياسة الرئيس الأمريكي باراك أوباما، كانت أولوياتها في العراق هي الانسحاب الأمريكي منه في الفترة الأولى من رئاسته، مما أدى إلى سلسلة من التفاهمات الأمريكية – الإيرانية عبر قنوات سرية وعلنية من أجل انجاح انسحاب القوات الأمريكية. وهو ماأدى لزيادة النفوذ الإيراني وتأثيره في العراق. وبعد أزمة داعش زاد مستوى التنسيق بين الولايات المتحدة وإيران من أجل تحجيم داعش أولاً ثم طردها من الأراضي التي احتلتها، مع حدوث العديد من التوترات والإتهامات المتبادلة بين الطرفين خلال الحرب.
European Union law requirements related to the restitution of properties – does or under what conditions does the EU law require in practice the payment of a market-based compensation, and can that be enforced by EU law? of Properties
Authors: Korom Ágoston , Szuchy Róbert
Published: January 2025

The present paper addresses a specific issue, and analyses a concrete example in that regard, which issue arises almost exclusively in the former socialist countries: whatrequirements are determined by EU law in relation to the restitution of property expropriated in the concerned countries between 1945 and 1990? The principle of the free movement of capital particularly prohibits discrimination based on nationality. The general principles of EU law and the provisions of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union determine further requirements which Member States must take into account where the restitution measures they introduce implement EU law. In principle, EU law does not require that the compensation paid in the framework of restitution measures take the market value of the concerned real property into account. In its response given to the question of a written answer, the European Commission outlinedalso the manner in which the general principles and property rights should be considered where restitution measures are taken. The present paper covers also the analysis of whether the Romanian measure used as an example herein is compatible with the requirements prescribed by EU law, i.e. whether or not EU law requires the payment of market-based compensation in certain cases. This paper addresses also the access to and possible hindrances of the enforcement of the rights of the applicants deriving from EU law.
Entre a poesia trágico-antiga e trágico-moderna em Sófocles e Friedrich Schiller
Authors: Platinir Michel
Published: January 2025

Esse artigo tem como objetivo primordial correlacionar à tragédia antiga com a tragédia moderna em Sófocles e Friedrich Schiller. Para tanto, elencaremos, primeiramente, a tragédia de Sófocles, que tem como fundamento basilar o determinismo oracular, e a limitação do indivíduo frente ao mistério trágico. Por outro lado, a poesia trágica, em Schiller, a principio, ocupa-se do conceito kantiano de gênio, que tem por finalidade hermenêutica a demonstração de uma produção poética autônoma em detrimento as produções artificiais da produzidas na modernidade. E por fim, as tragédias schileriana, ganham contornos realista nos teatros, com “A noiva de Messina” e “Intrigas e Amor”. Ou seja, as tragédias modernas ganham um tom de realismo poético-trágico. Esse ideal buscado pelo dramaturgo alemão é o meio de correlacionar o ambiente cultural com o personagem artístico. Isto significa que, as regras teatrais são suprimidas pelas circunstancias que envolvem a trama trágica.
The Utility of the Useless in Times of Social and Life Crises
Authors: Edgardo Maza-Ortega
Published: January 2025

This article aims to reflect on how humanistic education can empower individuals and professionals to navigate social and personal crises, with a focus on the challenges facing Chile, our domain. It also seeks to provide recommendations for harnessing the humanities in education to help future generations avoid the alarming consequences of functional illiteracy, as highlighted by OECD studies. In Chile, these studies reveal that a staggering 53% of adults and 84% of the population struggle to comprehend written texts, leading to a disconnect from their social, cultural, and historical context. This has perpetuated a cycle of exploitation, frustration, and anger within society for decades. While this perspective may be limited, drawing from specific authors and academic courses, it underscores the need to address these crises through education. By integrating the humanities into primary, secondary, and later, higher education, we can begin to mitigate these challenges and foster a more informed, empathetic, and engaged citizenry. The title incorporates an "appropriation" of the book The Utility of the Useless by Professor Nuccio Ordine (2018), which was deemed pertinent for this project, and from which certain ideas and quotations have also been derived.
Cooperative Photometallobiocatalysis Enables Nonheme Fe Enzyme-Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Radical Decarboxyla-tive Azidation, Thiocyanation and Isocyanation of Redox-Active Esters
Authors: Zhao Liu-Peng , Lin Ken , Xie Pei-Pei , Liu Huichong , Xiang Hengye , Liu Xin , Zhao Yunlong , Liu Peng , Yang Yang
Published: January 2025

Cooperative catalysis with an enzyme and a small-molecule photocatalyst has very recently emerged as a potentially general activation mode to advance novel biocatalytic reactions with synthetic utility. Herein, we report cooperative photobiocatalysis involving an engineered nonheme Fe enzyme and a tailored photoredox catalyst as a unifying strategy for the catalytic enantioconvergent decarboxylative azidation, thiocyanation and isocyanation of redox-active esters via a radical mechanism. Through the survey and directed evolution of nonheme Fe enzymes, we repurposed and further evolved metapyrocatechase (MPC), a nonheme Fe extradiol dioxygenase not previously studied in new-to-nature biocatalysis, for the enantioselective C–N3, C–SCN and C–NCO bond formation through a radical rebound mechanism with an enzymatic Fe–X intermediate (X = N3, NCS, and NCO). A range of primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radical precursors were effectively converted by our engineered MPC, allowing the syntheses of organic azides, thiocyanates and isocyanates with good to excellent enantiocontrol. Further chemical derivatization of these products furnished valuable compounds including enantioenriched amines, triazoles, ureas and SCF3-containing products. Computational studies via DFT and MD simulations shed light on the mechanism as well as the binding poses of the alkyl radical intermediate in the enzyme active site and the π-facial selectivity in the enantiodetermining radical rebound. Overall, cooperative photometallobiocatalysis with nonheme Fe enzymes provides a new platform for the development of challenging asymmetric radical transformations eluding small-molecule catalysis.
A Zero-Shot Single-point Molecule Optimization Model: Mimicking Medicinal Chemists’ Expertise
Authors: Dai Zhilian , Zhang Jie , Zhong Songyou , Fu Jiawei , Deng Yangyang , Zhang Dan , Liu Yichao , Gao Peng
Published: January 2025

In this groundbreaking study, we introduce the Single-point Chemical Language Model (SpCLM), a novel and robust framework engineered to advance molecular design and optimization. By leveraging the sophisticated transformer architecture and directing our attention towards single-point molecular optimization, our model demonstrates an exceptional ability to enhance pharmacological properties in a manner that aligns with the practical wisdom of medical chemists. Through rigorous optimization protocols and the generation of a mere few hundred compounds, we have achieved structurally refined molecules that exhibit a strong correlation with experimental activity data, achieving a high degree of consistency with measured binding affinities and functional outcomes. This research emphasizes the potential of our model as a revolutionary tool in drug design, enabling precise, data-driven modifications to molecules that significantly improve the activity and selectivity of lead compounds. By employing single-point optimization strategies, SpCLM predicts 60%-80% of active compounds in an independent test set from a small pool of generated molecules, typically numbering in the hundreds. This approach significantly reduces the need for extensive experimental screening, thereby minimizing time and resource costs and setting a new standard for AI-driven advancements in pharmaceutical research and development.
Thermodynamic Stability and Site-Specific Distribution of Graphitic and Pyridinic Nitrogen in Graphene Moiré on Ru(0001)
Authors: Gedara Buddhika , Rice Peter , Evans Prescott , Baranowski Daniel , Sharp Marcus , Autrey Tom , Ginovska Bojana , Dohnálek Zdenek , Novotny Zbynek
Published: January 2025

Graphene-like materials can be viewed as promising storage media for hydrogen as they are lightweight, durable, and scalable. For practical use, doping is required to overcome the kinetic limitations for diffusion and recombination on surfaces due to the required rehybridization of atoms. We studied the synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene on Ru(0001) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of pyridine and N-doping through ion irradiation. Using the combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT) we unambiguously identify the structure and location of the N species within the graphene moiré. The pyridine CVD leads only to a low concentration (<0.1 at%) of N-related sites. Higher concentrations of N-dopants (>10 at%) are subsequently introduced by low-energy ion irradiation. The concentration of graphitic (GN) and pyridinic nitrogen (PN) can be tuned by varying the ion dose and annealing temperature. DFT calculations provide detailed information about the relative thermodynamic stability of GN and PN within the graphene moiré. Measured and simulated STM images of GN and PN yield an excellent agreement, allowing us to confidently establish that GN is preferentially located near the center of the Atop region of the graphene moiré, while PN is located at the boundary between the FCC and HCP region, which are defined by the registry between C and Ru atoms. This report explicitly confirms the site assignments and provides a foundation for the site synthesis and analysis of their structural and electronic properties that drive the thermodynamic stability and reactivity of N-doped graphene.
Cost-Efficient Evaluation of Molecular Generative Models' Generalizability in de. novo. Drug Design via a Double-Parameter Mathematical Framework
Authors: Zhang Jie , Dai Zhilian , Deng Yangyang , GAO PENG
Published: January 2025

Deep generative models are increasingly crucial in de. novo. drug design, excelling in the rapid exploration of vast chemical spaces for advancing molecular design. By integrating techniques such as adversarial networks, reinforcement learning, and transfer learning, these models can effectively leverage both the public datasets and the collected experimental data. However, accurately assessing the generalization ability of these models for drug discovery applications, while minimizing costs, still remains to be challenging. Developing an accurate yet cost-effective solution would provide substantial benefits to both academia and industry. In this study, we propose three accuracy-based methods for predicting the theoretical coverage of generative models, classifying them into three cost levels: low, medium, and high. For all these methods, the derivative of a unique curve with respect to sample iterations can serve as the most cost-effective yet reliable metric for evaluating generalization ability. To address sampling non-uniformity, we propose a novel double-parameter mathematical model that can accurately fit for both experimental and theoretical coverage across various generative architectures. Furthermore, the developed model provides qualitative insights into how transfer learning and reinforcement learning influence generative models' performance by examining changes resulting from increased non-uniformity and enhanced probabilities of sampling target molecules.
Molecular-Level Characterization of Protein-Nanoparticle Interactions: Orientation, Deformation and Matrix Effects
Authors: Northwick Andrew , Wang Yinhan , Tuga Beza , Haynes Christy , Hernandez Rigoberto , Carlson Erin
Published: January 2025

The adsorption of a corona has major impacts on the environmental fate of a released nanoparticle. While numerous techniques have been developed or adapted to determine corona composition, a detailed understanding of the forces that drive adsorption is lacking. Characterizing nanoparticle-corona complexes typically requires that the complex is isolated from the bulk medium prior to analysis, which can disrupt native interactions. To achieve a more detailed picture of protein-particle interactions, protein footprinting methods that were initially developed to investigate protein-protein interactions have been employed by us and others. Through the chemical labeling of solvent-exposed residues, molecular-level interactions can be obtained. Using a combination of protein footprinting and simulation, we previously showed preferential sites of interaction between cytochrome c (cyt c) and negatively charged gold nanoparticles, as well as evidence of protein deformation on the particle surface. Herein, we expand our investigation into a suite of proteins with differing propensity for deformation, as previously reported from acid exposure studies, and evaluate how matrix components affect protein binding orientation and/or deformation. We found that all three model proteins—cytochrome c, b-lactogloublin, and albumin—bound to nanoparticles through residues within flexible loop regions, that their secondary structure is unlikely to experience substantial deformation but may instead undergo localized conformational changes to enable additional residues to contact the particle surface, and that the protein complexes sometimes partially unfold (or deform) during the binding to the nanoparticle.
Exploiting Transformer-Based Networks and Boosting Algorithms for Ultralow Compressible Boride Design
Authors: Siriwardane Edirisuriya , Dong Rongzhi , Hu Jianjun , Cakir Deniz
Published: January 2025

Ultralow compressible materials, which have high bulk modulus (K), are invaluable in extreme conditions due to their ability to undergo significant compression without structural failure. As large number of borides can be found with high K, this study develop a computational framework to scan the vast chemical space to identify the ultralow compressible borides. Transformer-based networks are helpful to generate new chemical compositions due to their self-attention mechanism, scalability, and ability to capture long-range dependencies. First, we developed a transformer-based network to generate new binary and ternary boride compositions based on the known boride compositions. Next, we trained a hybrid model based on AdaBoost and Gradient Boosting algorithms with mean absolute error (MAE) of 14.1 GPa to scan the high K borides. The CALYPSO code was used to find the possible structures for those materials. After predicting K for broad chemical domain, we found that Re-B and W-B systems are promising ultralow compressible materials. We then performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the stability of high K materials. Our computations suggest that Re3B2, Re2B3, W5VB4, and Re5CrB4 materials exhibit K > 300 GPa with negative formation energy and energy-above-hull less than 40 meV. Those materials are mechanically and dynamically stable based on the elastic constant calculations and the phonon dispersion.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Stretching and Isometric Exercises Versus Manual Traction and Isometric Exercises on Knee Pain and Functional Activities in Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mounika Indana Chandra , Rao K Narasinga
Published: January 2025

Background Osteoarthritis OA is a common degenerative condition characterized by pain functional impairment and reduced quality of life. Outcome measures commonly used include the Visual Analogue Scale VAS for pain assessment and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index WOMAC for evaluating pain stiffness and physical function.Objectives The objectives were to evaluate the efficacy of stretching and manual traction combined with isometric exercises in improving pain and functional activities and to compare their efficacy in subjects with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis.Methods This experimental study was conducted on 30 subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two groups Stretching with isometric exercises n15 and Manual traction with isometric exercises n15. Both the groups received treatment and the outcomes were measured after three weeks of treatment. Paired t-test was used to analyze significance within the groups and unpaired t-test was used to compare both the groups.Results The results showed a statistically significant improvement in pain and functional activity P0.01 in both the groups. Intergroup analysis showed significant difference in all the variables P lt0.05 in manual traction group compared to stretching group. The level of significance was set at P lt0.05.Conclusion Both the groups demonstrated improvement after three weeks of intervention but the manual traction with isometric exercises group showed better mean difference and percentage improvement compared to the other group in all the tested variables.
Effect of Morning vs Evening Strength Training on Sleep Quality in Young Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: C Y Abhinandan , S Sushma
Published: January 2025

Background Lack of quality sleep increases the risks of mortality cognitive impairment and depression. Pre sleep exercise can disrupt sleep onset as it can lead to high physiological excitement at bed time. Global exercise training guidelines suggest combining both strength and endurance training into training regimen to improve quality of sleep. There is an ongoing debate about the effects of morning versus evening training on sleep quality. The present study aimed to compare quality of sleep among morning and evening strength and endurance trainers.Aims and Objectives To assess quality of sleep using a sleep questionnaire in the morning and evening strength and endurance training groups before and after an intervention and to compare the quality of sleep between the groups.Methods The study was conducted among 80 healthy young adults in the age group of 18ndash30 years who were previously not involved in regular physical activity. They were randomly divided using simple randomization into morning and evening training groups. Subjects included in both the morning and evening groups performed strength and endurance training. The quality of sleep was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index PSQI in morning and evening groups before and after a four-week intervention period. Intergroup comparisons were analysed using relevant statistical tests.Results The data collected were analysed using Student t test. The P value for Global PSQI score was found to be statistically significant P lt0.05 in the evening training group and highly significant P lt0.01 in the morning training group.Conclusion Though both morning and evening exercise proved to improve quality of sleep morning strength training was found to be more beneficial towards improving the quality of sleep sleep initiation and prolongation when compared to evening exercise.
Awareness and Health-Seeking Behaviour Regarding Japanese Encephalitis in Kurnool: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: S Murthy Karthik , Sudha Kumari P , Ravi Naik K , V S Nagaraju M
Published: January 2025

Introduction Despite growing concerns over the emergence of Japanese encephalitis JE it remains poorly understood mainly because the problem has been approached in a compartmentalized manner with human health animal health policy design and implementation being examined in isolated silos.Aim To determine the level of awareness and health-seeking behaviour related to JE among residents of Sriramnagar Kurnool.Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 participants selected using simple random sampling. Institutional ethical clearance was obtained before the start of study. The study was conducted during July-August 2024. The study included consenting individuals residing in the selected locality for more than six months and it excluded the residents not willing to participate in the study or residing in that locality for less than six months. The data were collected through a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Collected data were processed on MS-Excel and analyzed using SPSS.Results About 60 of the respondents were aware of Japanese encephalitis but 70 of them were unaware of its specific symptoms. Regarding the awareness about vaccination for JE only 44 of the subjects were aware of JE vaccination for children and adults. Among those aware only 52.28 had administered at least one dose of the JE vaccine to their children. About 78 of the respondents cited lack of awareness as a barrier to seeking timely healthcare.Conclusion Majority of the participants were aware of JE while very few understood its transmission and prevention. Lack of awareness was found to be a key barrier to timely health care indicating a critical need for targeted education and awareness programs in Kurnool.
The effectiveness of navigational surgery in the rehabilitation of dental patients with partial and complete edentulism
Authors: Heveliev O.O. , Nikonov A.Yu. , Altunina S.V.
Published: January 2025

Background. Research of the effectiveness of navigational surgery in the rehabilitation of dental patients with partial and complete edentulism is driven by the growing demand for high-quality, safe, and effective treatment methods. Edentulism, both partial and complete, is a common issue that affects the functional and aesthetic aspects of patients’ lives. Traditional treatment methods do not always yield the desired results, particularly in complex clinical cases. Navigational surgery, utilizing modern computer technologies and 3D visualization, allows for greater accuracy in planning and executing implantation procedures. This reduces the risk of complications, shortens operation and rehabilitation times, and enhances the overall effectiveness of treatment. However, further research is required to determine optimal applications of this method despite its evident advantages and to compare it with traditional approaches.

Objective – to analyze contemporary research and achievements in the field of navigational surgery for the rehabilitation of dental patients with partial and complete edentulism, and to determine the effectiveness and advisability of using surgical guides for the proper placement of dental implants and the prevention of possible errors and complications.

Materials and Methods. Literature search was conducted using bibliographic database search engines: Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, Google Scholar, MedLine, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. Inclusion criteria for the articles were historical facts about the formation of navigational surgery, the latest technologies, and implantation techniques. Exclusion criteria: closed-access articles.

Results. The total number of analyzed works that highlighted the results of the effectiveness of navigational surgery in the rehabilitation of dental patients with partial and complete edentulism was 29. Studies describing the advantages of surgical guides accounted for 76% of all analyzed works. The advantages of surgical guides include accuracy (described in 93% of studies), predictability of results (87%), and reduction in invasiveness (80%). Disadvantages, including limited maneuverability for the surgeon and technical errors, were presented in 24%.

Conclusions. The use of navigational systems allows for more precise planning of surgical interventions, reducing the risks of complications and improving clinical outcomes. The use of navigational surgery contributes to reducing the duration of operations and postoperative recovery time for patients, positively impacting their quality of life. Precise implant placement decreases the need for additional surgical interventions and corrections.
Jalan Raya Pos dan Jalan Daendels: Infrastruktur Kolonial dalam Perspektif Pacem in Terris
Authors: Prasetyo Paulinus Herlambang
Published: January 2025

Penjajahan merupakan tindakan yang identik dengan pelanggaran norma-norma kemanusiaan. Bangsa Indonesia sendiri pernah berada dalam posisi dijajah oleh Negara lain. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan banyaknya data dan fakta yang membuktikan kasus tersebut. Kisah pembangunan Jalan Raya Anyer sampai Panarukan adalah bukti nyata dari penjajahan. Walaupun pembangunan tersebut memberikan hasil yang baik dalam mengembangkan perekonomian. Namun imbasnya harus dibayar dengan darah dan nyawa yang tidak ternilai harganya. Adapun hasil penelitian merupakan gambaran dari pedihnya keadaan Bangsa Indonesia di masa penjajahan yang dilakukan oleh Kolonial Belanda. Selain itu disinggung juga kasus Genosida yang berada di seluruh Tanah Indonesia. Dikisahkan pula tentang sejarah terjadinya sistem tanam paksa (Cuulturstelsel) yang semakin merugikan rakyat Indonesia pada saat itu. Lebih spesifiknya adalah tentang peristiwa di balik pembangunan Jalan Raya Pos Anyer sampai Panarukan. Tercatat bahwa pembangunan ini melewati 39 kota, baik kota kecil seperti Juwana, Bangil, dan Porong. Sedangkan kota besarnya meliputi Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya, dan Semarang. Serta masih banyak kota-kota yang dilewati oleh jalur pembangunan ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode kualitatif. Mengembangkannya dengan melakukan analisis deskriptif terhadap buku hasil karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Metode kualitatif merupakan langkah yang membantu dalam menyusun data yang tercantum.