bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Molecular Associations of Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma in Colorectum: Meta-Analysis and System Review
Authors: Liu Xueting , Huang Litao , Liu Menghan , Wang Zhu
Published: June 2022

Background: Signet ring cell carcinoma (SC) accounts for 1% of total colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and is associated with aggressive behaviors, such as lymphatic invasion and distant metastases, resulting in poor prognosis. To date, there is still a lack of consensus on the genetic etiology underpinning this cancer subtype. This study aimed to clarify the molecular associations of SC by using meta-analysis and a systematic review. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies evaluating the KRAS, BRAF, P53 statuses, and microsatellite instability (MSI) in CRC patients with different histological subtypes, including SC. The diagnosis of SC is defined as the signet ring cells comprising ≥50 percent of the tumor mass. By dividing the studies into subgroups based on the composition of control groups, such as classic adenocarcinoma (AC; no SC components) and non-SC (including those with SC components < 50%), the relative risk (RR) of molecular alterations for SC in each study were pooled using a random-effects model. Two reviewers identified trials for inclusion, assessed quality, and extracted data independently. Results: Data from 29 studies consisting of 9366 patients were included in this analysis. SC was associated positively with MSI (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.37; 95% CI 0.77 to 4.15; p = 0.0005), BRAF mutation (RR 1.99, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.26; 95%CI 0.68 to 5.82; p = 0.0146), and negatively with KRAS mutation (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.78; 95% CI 0.09 to 2.49; p = 0.0062). No association was found between SC and P53 expression (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.13; 95%CI 0.61 to 1.39; p = 0.3790). Moreover, it was associated negatively with P53 gene mutations (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.09; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.82; p = 0.1568), and P53 protein (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.49; 95% CI 0.40 to 2.17; p = 0.6885). Conclusions: The molecular etiology of SC may be associated with the BRAF and MSI pathways. Its features, such as the high frequency of BRAF mutation, could partly explain its less favorable outcomes and limited effects of traditional chemotherapy.
Properties of Parallel Tetramolecular G-Quadruplex Carrying N-Acetylgalactosamine as Potential Enhancer for Oligonucleotide Delivery to Hepatocytes
Authors: Clua Anna , Grijalvo Santiago , Erande Namrata , Gupta Swati , Yucius Kristina , Gargallo Raimundo , Mazzini Stefania , Manoharan Muthiah , Eritja Ramon
Published: June 2022

The development of oligonucleotide conjugates for in vivo targeting is one of the most exciting areas for oligonucleotide therapeutics. A major breakthrough in this field was the development of multifunctional GalNAc-oligonucleotides with high affinity to asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPR) that directed therapeutic oligonucleotides to hepatocytes. In the present study, we explore the use of G-rich sequences functionalized with one unit of GalNAc at the 3′-end for the formation of tetrameric GalNAc nanostructures upon formation of a parallel G-quadruplex. These compounds are expected to facilitate the synthetic protocols by providing the multifunctionality needed for the binding to ASGPR. To this end, several G-rich oligonucleotides carrying a TGGGGGGT sequence at the 3′-end functionalized with one molecule of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) were synthesized together with appropriate control sequences. The formation of a self-assembled parallel G-quadruplex was confirmed through various biophysical techniques such as circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance, polyacrylamide electrophoresis and denaturation curves. Binding experiments to ASGPR show that the size and the relative position of the therapeutic cargo are critical for the binding of these nanostructures. The biological properties of the resulting parallel G-quadruplex were evaluated demonstrating the absence of the toxicity in cell lines. The internalization preferences of GalNAc-quadruplexes to hepatic cells were also demonstrated as well as the enhancement of the luciferase inhibition using the luciferase assay in HepG2 cell lines versus HeLa cells. All together, we demonstrate that tetramerization of G-rich oligonucleotide is a novel and simple route to obtain the beneficial effects of multivalent N-acetylgalactosamine functionalization.
Changes in Water Properties in Human Tissue after Double Filtration Plasmapheresis—A Case Study
Authors: Scholkmann Felix , Tsenkova Roumiana
Published: June 2022

Double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) is a blood cleaning technique that enables the removal of unwanted substances from the blood. In our case study, we performed near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy measurements on the human hand tissue before and after a specific DFPP treatment (INUSpheresis with a TKM58 filter), along with NIR measurements of the substances extracted via DFPP (eluate). The spectral data were analyzed using the aquaphotomics approach. The analysis showed that the water properties in the tissue change after DFPP treatment, i.e., an increase in small water clusters, free water molecules and a decrease in hydroxylated water as well as superoxide in hydration shells was noted. The opposite effect was observed in the eluates of both DFPP treatments. Our study is the first that documents changes in water spectral properties after DFPP treatments in human tissue. The changes in tissue water demonstrated by our case study suggest that the positive physiological effects of DFPP in general, and of INUSpheresis with the TKM58 filter in particular, may be associated with improvements in water quality in blood and tissues.
Influence of Test Specimen Geometry and Water Soaking on the In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Orthocryl®, Orthocryl® LC, Loctite® EA 9483 and Polypropylene
Authors: Behnke Richard , Stahl Franka , Duske Kathrin , Warkentin Mareike , Schwartz Margit , Hinz Burkhard , Walther Udo
Published: June 2022

Depending on their composition, plastics have a cytotoxic potential that needs to be evaluated before they are used in dentistry, e.g., as orthodontic removable appliances. Relevant guidelines set out requirements that a potential new resin in the medical field must meet, with a wide scope for experimental design. In the present study, test specimens of different geometries consisting of varying polymers (Orthocryl®, Orthocryl® LC, Loctite® EA 9483, Polypropylene) were soaked for different periods of time, then transferred to cell culture medium for 24 h, which was subsequently used for 24-h cultivation of A549 cells, followed by cytotoxicity assays (WST-1, Annexin V-FITC-propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry). In this context, a reduction in the cytotoxic effect of the eluates of test specimens prepared from Orthocryl® LC and Loctite® EA 9483 was particularly evident in the Annexin V-FITC-PI assay when the soaking time was extended to 48 h and 168 h, respectively. Consistent with this, a reduced release of potentially toxic monomers into the cell culture medium, as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, was observed when the prior soaking time of test specimens of all geometries was extended. Remarkably, a significant increase in cytotoxic effect was observed in the WST-1 assay, which was accompanied by a higher release of monomers when the thickness of the test sample was increased from 0.5 to 1.0 mm, although an elution volume adapted to the surface area was used. However, further increasing the thickness to 3.0 mm did not lead to an increase in the observed cytotoxicity or monomer release. Test specimens made of polypropylene showed no toxicity under all test specimen sizes and soaking time conditions. Overall, it is recommended to perform toxicity studies of test specimens using different geometries and soaking times. Thereby, the influence of the different specimen thicknesses should also be considered. Finally, an extension of the test protocols proposed in ISO 10993-5:2009 should be considered, e.g., by flow cytometry or monomer analysis as well as fixed soaking times.
Microwave-Assisted and Conventional Extractions of Volatile Compounds from Rosa x damascena Mill. Fresh Petals for Cosmetic Applications
Authors: Villa Carla , Robustelli Della Cuna Francesco Saverio , Russo Eleonora , Ibrahim Mohammed Farhad , Grignani Elena , Preda Stefania
Published: June 2022

Rosa x damascena Mill. essential oil is mainly used in the cosmetics and perfumery industry, but it also finds application in the food industry as a flavoring agent. The chemical composition of essential oils is affected by environment, soil, harvesting technique, storage condition, and extraction methods. Nowadays, the study and design of greener, more efficient, and sustainable extractive procedures is the main and strategic focus in the chemical research and development of botanical derivatives, especially as regards fragrances and essential oils. Several technologies are available, and the best method to use depends on the desired chemicals, but conventional extractive processes are often laborious and time-consuming, involve large amounts of solvents, and may cause the partial loss of volatiles, affecting the quality of the final product. In the last decade, microwave irradiation has been successfully applied to classical techniques, often improving the general extractive efficiency and extract quality. In the present paper, as a preliminary analytical screening approach, two microwave-mediated techniques, Solvent-Free Microwave Extraction (SFME) and Microwave Hydrodiffusion and Gravity (MHG), and two conventional procedures, Hydrodistillation (HD) and Steam Distillation (SD), were applied and compared for the extraction of volatile compounds from R. x damascena fresh petals to highlight differences and advantages of the selected procedure and of the obtained extracts useful in a cosmetic context as fragrances or active ingredients. The chemical composition of the extracts was investigated by GC-MS and GC-FID. Sixty-one components, distributed in the four techniques, were identified. SD and HD are dominated by oxygenated terpenes (59.01% and 50.06%, respectively), while MHG and SFME extracts are dominated by alcohols (61.67% and 46.81%, respectively). A relevant variability in the composition of the extracts relating to the extraction techniques used was observed. To point out the correlation between the process and composition of the obtained natural products, principal component analysis (PCA) of the data extracted from GC-FID was used. Taking into account a cosmetic application, SFME shows several advantages when compared with the other procedures. The extract (obtained in a significantly higher amount) contains a meaningful lower level of potential fragrance allergenic compounds and quite a double amount of benzyl alcohol and 2-phenyl ethanol that can also enhance the preservative action in personal care products.
UVB Irradiation-Induced Transcriptional Changes in Lignin- and Flavonoid Biosynthesis and Indole/Tryptophan-Auxin-Responsive Genes in Rice Seedlings
Authors: Kim Ga-Eun , Kim Me-Sun , Sung Jwakyung
Published: June 2022

Global warming accelerates the destruction of the ozone layer, increasing the amount of UVB reaching the Earth’s surface, which in turn alters plant growth and development. The effects of UVB-induced alterations of plant secondary and cell wall metabolism were previously documented; however, there is little knowledge of its effects on rice seedlings during the developmental phase of leaves. In this study, we examined secondary metabolic responses to UVB stress using a transcriptomic approach, focusing on the biosynthetic pathways for lignin, flavonoid, and indole/tryptophan-auxin responses. As new leaves emerged, they were irradiated with UVB for 5 days (for 3 h/day−1). The genes encoding the enzymes related to lignin (4CL, CAD, and POD) and flavonoid biosynthesis (CHS, CHI, and FLS) were highly expressed on day 1 (younger leaves) and day 5 (older leaves) after UVB irradiation. The expression of the genes encoding the enzymes related to tryptophan biosynthesis (AS, PRT, PRAI, IGPS, and TS) increased on day 3 of UVB irradiation, and the level of tryptophan increased and showed the same temporal pattern of occurrence as the expression of the cognate gene. Interestingly, the genes encoding BBX4 and BBX11, negative regulators of UVB signaling, and SAUR27 and SAUR55, auxin response enzymes, were downregulated on day 3 of UVB irradiation. When these results are taken together, they suggest that secondary metabolic pathways in rice seedlings are influenced by the interaction between UVB irradiation and the leaf developmental stage. Thus, the strategies of protection against, adaptation to, and mitigation of UVB might be delicately regulated, and, in this context, our data provide valuable information to understand UVB-induced secondary metabolism in rice seedlings.
Thermo-Optical Sensitivity of Whispering Gallery Modes in As2S3 Chalcogenide Glass Microresonators
Authors: Andrianov Alexey V. , Marisova Maria P. , Anashkina Elena A.
Published: June 2022

Glass microresonators with whispering gallery modes (WGMs) have a lot of diversified applications, including applications for sensing based on thermo-optical effects. Chalcogenide glass microresonators have a noticeably higher temperature sensitivity compared to silica ones, but only a few works have been devoted to the study of their thermo-optical properties. We present experimental and theoretical studies of thermo-optical effects in microspheres made of an As2S3 chalcogenide glass fiber. We investigated the steady-state and transient temperature distributions caused by heating due to the partial thermalization of the pump power and found the corresponding wavelength shifts of the WGMs. The experimental measurements of the thermal response time, thermo-optical shifts of the WGMs, and heat power sensitivity in microspheres with diameters of 80–380 µm are in a good agreement with the theoretically predicted dependences. The calculated temperature sensitivity of 42 pm/K does not depend on diameter for microspheres made of commercially available chalcogenide fiber, which may play an important role in the development of temperature sensors.
Registration of the territory planning and survey projects when placing linear facilities: current problems and prospects of legislative regulation
Authors:   Krasnodar Rostov State University of Railway Engineering, Rostov-on-Don, Koloshina G.V. , Soboleva O.N. ,   Krasnodar Rostov State University of Railway Engineering, Rostov-on-Don
Published: June 2022

The rapid growth of freight and passenger traffic in rail transport creates an urgent need to expand and modernize the rail infrastructure. However, the legal regulation of linear facilities, which includes the railroad track, is one of the most complicated in the contemporary land, forestry and urban planning legislation of the Russian Federation. Hence, the given paper is focused on scrutinizing of the most pivotal issues of development, coordination and approval of planning and land surveying projects when placing linear facilities. After the thorough analysis of literature and a wide array of regulatory legal acts, the authors provided their own legal definition of the term «linear facilities». Besides, the paper examines the most difficult cases concerning the division, allocation of a share, combination, and redistribution of land plots during the period of project approval. Furthermore, the findings of the study make it possible to present a number of recommendations for their subsequent legislative consolidation in relation to land-surveying projects that do not contain information about the owners or landowners who have not registered their rights in the Unified State Register of Real Estate.
Fishing and biological characteristics of the common sprat near the Dagestan coast of the Caspian sea
Authors:   Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (Kaspnirh), Russia, Astrakhan, Latunov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich , Kozlova Natal’ja Viktorovna ,   Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Physiology, Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (Kaspnirh), Russia, Astrakhan, Makarova Ekaterina Grigor’evna ,   Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Physiology, Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (Kaspnirh), Russia, Astrakhan, Mahlun Anastasija Vital’evna ,   Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Physiology, Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (Kaspnirh), Russia, Astrakhan, Perunova Margarita Evgenievna ,   Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Physiology, Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO (Kaspnirh), Russia, Astrakhan
Published: June 2022

The fishing and biological characteristics of the common sprat (Clupeonella cultriventris caspia Svetovidov, 1941), caught along the coast of the Caspian Sea in the area of Makhachkala, the Republic of Dagestan, were obtained. Examination of the fish showed that the individuals were in a spawning state. In the muscles, the content of the main reserve and energy substances of the body — total lipids and water-soluble protein — was studied. A significant (p < 0.05) positive correlation was registered in females and males between fish weight and fishing length: (r = +0.87) and (r = +0.85), respectively. The physiological state of the common sprat in terms of the content of total lipids and water-soluble protein in the muscle tissue is satisfactory. The tendency of the highest content of total lipids in the muscles of females compared to males was registered, since individuals need a larger energy reserve to ensure oogenesis than for spermatogenesis. This is due to the use of muscle lipids to build the gonads and supply with the necessary nutrients for the embryo, and later the larva. In a comparative aspect, there were no significant differences in the content of water-soluble protein in the muscles of males and females during the spawning period. Analysis of the coastal fishery for common sprat with fixed seines in the period 2011–2021 showed that its catch on the Dagestan coast of the Caspian Sea increased from 302.7 tons in 2012 to 1815.0 tons in 2021, which was in direct proportion to the number of fixed seines. In this regard, the most actual task is the development of fishing reserves of this species, which will contribute to the development of the fish extraction and fish processing industry of the Republic of Dagestan.
The influence of the buoyancy of artemia cysts and shells on the results of determining its quantity in the volumetric method
Authors:   Laboratory of Water Ecology, Institute of Water and Environmental Problems SB RAS, Barnaul, Romanova Natalia Stanislavovna , Vesnina Lyubov Viktorovna ,   Laboratory of Water Ecology, Institute of Water and Environmental Problems SB RAS, Barnaul
Published: June 2022

Artemia crustacean cysts occupy one of the most significant places among natural aquaculture feeds. For the production and sale of artemia (at the stage of cysts), it is necessary to standardize methods for assessing the quality of the product. One of the main qualitative characteristics of the biomass of artemia cysts is the number of empty shells. The purpose of this work was to study the accuracy of the volumetric method used in the calculation of empty shells in the biomass of cysts. The method is based on the flotation features of the shells and cysts of crustacean Artemia in fresh water (whole cysts sink to the bottom, and the shells float to the surface). The accuracy of the method was verified by direct shell counting. The data obtained showed a significant deviation of the results of the volumetric method from the direct calculation of the shell in most samples of biomass of cysts harvested on three large commercial lakes of Western Siberia. The detected error of the volumetric method is not systemic, since in half of the samples the volumetric method underestimates the mass of the shell in the biomass of cysts by 1.06–4.23 times, and in the other half it overestimates approximately the same ratio. When calculating the mass of the shell in 1000 kg of biomass of cysts, the error can range from 1.28 to 19.38 kg. The main reasons for the distortion of the results when using the volumetric method are that cysts can have positive buoyancy in fresh water, and empty shells in some cases sink to the bottom. The reason for positive buoyancy may be a change in the individual properties of cysts under the influence of various environmental factors. In laboratory studies, in order to determine the qualitative characteristics of the biomass of cysts, it is more appropriate to use the method of direct shell counting.
Diminuição dos principais sinais de TEA em crianças com diagnóstico precoce
Authors: Arvigo Maria Claudia , Schwartzman José Salomão
Published: June 2022

Introdução. A remissão das características do Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) em um determinado grupo de indivíduos é um tema que desperta o interesse de pesquisadores e clínicos, seja pela caracterização dos fatores ambientais associados ou pelas questões biológicas inerentes à patologia. Objetivo. O presente estudo intenta trazer evidência da aquisição de resultados ótimos e a diminuição dos sintomas de TEA em crianças que receberam o diagnóstico precoce de TEA na faixa etária dos 18 aos 30 meses. Método. Em um estudo prospectivo em follow-up de 6 casos de crianças diagnosticadas com TEA aos 3 anos, por meio de aplicação de testes e questionários específicos e avaliação clínica multidisciplinar, inseridas em intervenção precoce e, anos mais tarde, reavaliadas sob os mesmos critérios da avaliação inicial. Resultados. Diminuição da maioria dos principais sintomas característicos do TEA, com melhora significativa nas habilidades sociocomunicativas e flexibilização mental, camuflando os comportamentos necessários para o diagnóstico de TEA. Conclusão. Características particulares e específicas associadas ao diagnóstico e à intervenção precoces podem favorecer a atenuação significativa dos sinais e sintomas presentes no TEA.
Body composition in students physical education and sport: cross-sectional pilot study
Authors: Pavlović Ratko
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Young people who study physical education and sport are a priori regarded as having proper body structure and body composition. It is widely presumed that young who study physical education at one of several national universities of physical education (East Sarajevo) could be characterized with proper physique and body composition. Aim of the current study was to assess and analyze the body composition of a male students Physical Education and Sport, University East Sarajevo, by bioelectric impedance analysis and determine the significance of inter correlation coefficients. Material and methods: In study the participants consist 30 male students of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, the III year of study (Body Height = 182.20 ± 6.89cm; Body Weight = 80.06 ± 8.80kg; Body Mass Index= 24.03 ± 2.58kg/m²). Results: of the study showed that the body composition is within the healthy (allowed) values recommended for this population of students (Body Fat=10.90kg or 13.62%; Body Muscle= 65.74kg or 82.40%; Body Water = 61.54%; Basal metabolic rate = 2045.07kCal; Daily calorie intake = 8436.56 kCal, etc.). Inter correlation coefficients showed inverse and significantly high correlation (p=0.000) between (inter correlation coefficient Fat-Muscle = -0.945), (inter correlation coefficients Fat-Water = -0.963) while direct correlation was achieved between (inter correlation coefficient Muscle-Water = 0.986). Conclusion: The obtained results of the study defined the appropriate body composition of the students, which is a consequence of their adequate physical activity and well-designed curricula at the home faculty. In the parameters of body composition, students of physical education and sports in East Sarajevo had a higher muscle component and lower values ​​of fat component than other students as a result of their somatotype, way of studying, teaching and extracurricular physical activities.
REDUCING ANXIETY FACING CHILDBIRTH THROUGH PRENATAL YOGA
Authors: Alfina Tachta , Irianti Susi
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Indonesian shows that 71,9% experience anxiety during pregnancy. Stress and anxiety can stimulate an increase in the hormone corticotropin which interact with the hormones oxytocin and prostaglandins. Anxiety as a response to stress, can stimulate the body to be difficult to relax. Prenatal yoga is a type of bodywork, mind and mental exercise that is useful for flexing muscles, joint and soothes the mind and also helps pregnant women build self-confidence, and think positively before childbirth. The aim of this study is determine the differences in anxiety of third trimester pregnant women before and after doing yoga. Methods: the applied research design in this study was pre-experimental research design one-group pretest and posttest. Samples were selected using an accidental sampling technique. The instrument used was measures for the level of anxiety STAI. Data were collected using primary data by providing a questionnaire that was filled by pregnant women. Result: There were increase in the level of moderate anxiety 75%, after the intervention there were  increase in 2 respondents to 14 (87.5%) who came from high anxiety, so that no one experienced a high level of anxiety (0%). Conclusion: There were increased anxiety levels facing childbirth in third trimester pregnant women after doing prenatal yoga.
Pelatihan Pembuatan, Produksi Masker Kain 3 Lapis Bagi Ibu Rumah Tangga
Authors: Harry Budiantoro  , Sari Imelda , Hukama La Diadhan , Tantri Hestin Agus , Malawat Nurlita
Published: June 2022

Pelatihan Pembuatan, Dan Produksi Masker Kain 3 Lapis Bagi Ibu Rumah Tangga merupakan program yang digagas oleh Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas YARSI dalam rangka mengimplementasikan salah satu fungsi Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi yaitu Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM). Program tersebut merupakan program tentang bagaimana menciptakan masyarakat sehat dan tangguh melawan covid 19, dalam rangka membantu ibu – ibu rumah tangga, remaja putri dan kader masyarakat di kelurahan johar baru untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai bagaimana membuat dan memproduksi masker kain, dalam rangka meningkatkan kesehatan keluarga. Program ini berangkat dari masih tingginya ancaman covid 19 dan kurangnya kemampuan ibu – ibu rumah tangga, remaja putri, dan kader masyarakat untuk bisa melindungi diri dan keluarga melawan ancaman covid 19, dengan pemanfaatan kemampuan yang telah dimiliki (menjahit limbah kain dalam kehidupan sehari –hari, sehingga bisa meningkatkan produktivitas melalui kesehatan keluarga. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah dengan memberikan Pelatihan Pembuatan masker kain (3 lapis). Program tersebut akan dilaksanakan secara konsisten sehingga dapat dimaksimalkan pembuatan dan pemanfaatan masker kain dari ibu – ibu rumah tangga, remaja putri serta kader PKK sehingga yang mereka lakukan bisa membantu menjaga kesehatan dan produktivitas keluarga dan masyarakat di lingkungan tempat tinggal mereka dalam menghadapi covid 19.
On the procedure for providing palliative and hospice care in Ukraine
Authors: Nesterenko V.G.
Published: June 2022

Palliative care, and hospice care as part of it, are designed to improve the quality of life of patients ending in incurable disease and to help members of their families. In only 20 count­ries around the world are Palliative and Hospice Care (PHC) properly integrated into the health care system. Proper PHC organization requires efforts at the public and political levels, a system of regulations. The study was conducted to determine the procedure for providing PHC in Ukraine and to establish its compliance with the needs of the medical community and Ukrainian society. The hierarchical system of legislative acts of Ukraine of PHC provision (Constitution of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine, orders of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine), which is comparable to the guidelines of the World Health Organization, was studied by the method of systematic analysis. Ukraine belongs to the group of countries with separate specialized PHC institutions, but the work of these institutions does not show signs of systemic organization at the state level (Group 3a according to the modified classification of Wright, Lynch & Clark, 2008/2011). In terms of the number of beds, Ukraine is provided with palliative care by 40.5% (1,500 instead of 3,700, which is calculated as 100 beds per 1 million population), with virtually no hospices at home. It is established that not all the main directions of PHC system development meet the modern needs of the medical community and Ukrainian society. It is considered necessary to study the experience of more successful PHC organization in Group 4b by Wright, Lynch & Clark’s countries classification.

Keywords: public health, legal support, incurable diseases.
Adalékok napjaink informális gyógyászatának kutatásához
Authors: Vukov Anikó Veronika
Published: June 2022

Írásomban saját kutatási tapasztalataimon keresztül szeretnék betekintést nyújtani napjaink nem hivatalos gyógyítóinak működésébe saját és pácienseik narratíváin keresztül. Vizsgálatom alanyai olyan gyakorlati tevékenységeket folytatnak, mely a hagyományos paraszti közösségek gyógyítóinak működésére vezethetők vissza. Fogalmi és kutatástörténeti áttekintés után a gyógyítók és a páciensek narratíváit a népi és az alternatív orvoslás szakirodalma szerint elemeztem, középpontba helyezve a gyógyítói imázs, az önreprezentáció, a gyógyítás mögötti fi lozófi a és a tevékenység gazdaságnéprajzi vonatkozásait.
Találékonyság térbeli perifériás helyzetekben: a zsákfalutól az űrállomásig
Authors: Halász Dániel
Published: June 2022

Az extrém, fi zikaliag elszigetelt helyzetekben tapasztalható mentális folyamatok kutatásában az elmúlt évtizedben egyre nagyobb hangsúly helyeződik a kreatív gondolkodás vizsgálatára. A szociális izoláció, az elzártság, a limitált erőforrások és a kényszermegoldások megjelenése közös pontnak tűnik a periférián lévő falvak, a távoli kutatóállomások életében éppúgy, mint a pandémia karanténvalóságában. Mennyiben igazolják ezt a felvetést a jelenlegi kutatási eredmények és hogyan járulhatnak hozzá a doktori kutatáshoz, amiben a száz fő alatti településeken a találékonyság mint túlélési stratégia vizuális megjelenési formáit vizsgálom?
A körmendi választókerület falvainak jellemzői
Authors: Bana Tibor , Kis Diána
Published: June 2022

Tanulmányunkban a Závecz Research Intézet reprezentatív kutatása segítségével mutatjuk be a 127 települést tartalmazó körmendi országgyűlési egyéni választókerület demográfi ai sajátosságait, problémáit, valamint a körzetben élők munkavállalásának jellemzőit – különös tekintettel az Ausztriába ingázásra, valamint a falvakra. Az általunk vizsgált választókörzet túlnyomórészt falvakból, ezen belül is elsősorban 500 fő alatti kistelepülésekből, más néven aprófalvakból áll: a 127 településből 122 falu, közülük is 88 kistelepülés. A kutatást éppen ezért abból a szempontból is hasznosnak találjuk, hogy átfogó képet ad a legkisebb települések jellemzőiről, különböző mutatóiról is.
A francia kivétel jegyében – az V. Köztársaság kulturális politikáinak sajátosságai (1959–2021)
Authors: Bajomi Iván
Published: June 2022

A szerző először azt mutatja be, hogy 1959-ben miként hozták létre De Gaulle hatalmi megfontolásait is érvényesítve Franciaország első kulturális minisztériumát. Az elemzés ezután azt érzékelteti, hogy az Ötödik Köztársaság első jobboldali kormányai alatt a kulturális politikát hogyan határozta meg a kultúra demokratizálását célzó, eredetileg baloldali törekvés. Ugyancsak kitér a szerző arra, hogy André Malraux író-miniszter kultúrafelfogása miként fejeződött ki a minisztérium egyik emblematikus kezdeményezésében, a kultúra házaiban. Malraux tevékenysége leképezte az államfő túlhatalmán és karizmatikus hatalomgyakorlásán alapuló politikai rendszer fő jellemzőit. E jellemzőket mutatják egyébként az Ötödik Köztársaság egymást követő elnökei által kezdeményezett kulturális nagyberuházások is. Egyes Malraux utódaiként tevékenykedő miniszterek a korábbitól eltérő kultúrafelfogást képviseltek, és ez sok újszerű kezdeményezésben is kifejeződött. Ugyancsak bemutatja a tanulmány, hogy a kultúra egyes részterületein számos olyan megoldás érvényesül, amelyek kapcsán gyakran használják „a francia kivétel” kifejezést. Ez arra utal, hogy más nyugati demokráciákhoz képest Franciaország kulturális életének sok területén erőteljes, a piaci logikákat korlátozó, korrigáló állami beavatkozás jut érvényre.
A digitális történelemtanítás lehetőségei a lokális emlékezet megőrzésében és a helytörténet oktatásban – egy ózdi kísérleti projekt tükrében
Authors: Alabán Péter
Published: June 2022

Lakóhelyünk múltja, lakóinak élete aktív módon alakította/alakítja egy adott település életét. Miközben történelem és társadalomismeret órákon eddig lényegében csak a legfelsőbb (országos) szintű főként politikai, részben gazdasági ismereteket szerezhettek a diákok, a közvetlen környezetünkben történt események, illetve azok jelentősége úgy a múltban, mint a jelenben talán alig keltették fel a figyelmet, holott ezek legpontosabban csak a társadalom alsó szegmenseiből ismerhetők meg igazán. Fontos lehet egy-egy fotó, video, vagy – ha rendelkezésre áll – egy adott dokumentumfilm felhasználása is történeti (audiovizuális) forrásként. A mindennapok története, a lokális történelem és identitástudat, a „hétköznapi történet-írás” egy „alulról építkező” hitelesebb társadalomkép kialakítását eredményezheti, amelynek egyik jó példája lehet az alábbi, egy ózdi szakképző iskolában kidolgozott, tervekben felvázolt módszertani gyakorlat. A kutatási, kutatási-fejlesztési, innovációs eredmények értelmezésén belül a fő célkitűzés a konkrét pedagógiai fejlesztésekben, helyzetekben hasznosítható ismeretek bővítése, új, digitálisan helyben fejlesztett és közzétett anyagrészek elkészítése. Ez a projekt egy online elérhető, digitális oktatási anyag tervezete, amely négy témakörben, a kutatásra – a kutatásfejlesztésre –, az innovációra alapozva, bárki számára elérhető lesz, így általános iskolai tanulóknak, középiskolai diákoknak és a történelmi ismereteket hivatásszerűen elsajátítani kívánó, a felsőoktatásban tanulók részére is használható.
Az empátia fejlesztése történelem tanórán a Holokauszt témakörében videóinterjúk segítségével
Authors: Rédli Mátyás
Published: June 2022

Az információs forradalom és a globalizációs folyamatok hatása következtében megváltozott azon ismeretek köre, amelyre a modern társadalmunkban szükség lehet a boldoguláshoz. A folyamatos és gyors változások kihívások elé állítják az iskola intézményét és a benne dolgozó pedagógusokat. A 21. századi embernek olyan tudással kell rendelkeznie, amely felkészít az egész életen át tartó tanulásra és arra, hogy a társadalom aktív tagjává váljon. Ezért a tanárszerep megváltozott, megkérdőjeleződött korábbi tekintélye, a tudás egyedüli forrása helyett sokkal inkább a tanulás legfőbb szervezőjévé vált, ami szükségszerűvé teszi a pedagógiai módszertan megújítását. A kulcskompetenciák fejlesztése, mint például a szociális és állampolgári érzékenység, elengedhetetlen a modern ember számára. Különösképpen akkor, amikor Frans de Waal szavaival élve az „empátia korában” élünk. Miként adható válasz a kihívásokra? Az empátia a történelemtanítás középpontjában áll abban az értelmében, miként tudja az ember mások nézőpontját rekonstruálni, figyelembe véve az időkeretet, melyben mások cselekedtek, és a lehetséges motivációt, bizalmat, érzelmeket, melyek vezérelték tetteiben, illetve döntéseiben. Tanulmányomban alapvetően arra keresem a választ tanulói visszajelzések alapján, miként használhatóak fel a holokauszt-túlélőkkel készült életútinterjúrészletek az empátia fejlesztésére. Az elemzés során kitérek az interjúrészletek használatának előnyeire és veszélyeire egyaránt. Ehhez először egy elméleti keretet kívánok nyújtani, melyben röviden igyekszem összefoglalni a különböző empátiaértelmezéseket, majd egy általam megvalósított videórészletekre épített tanóra tapasztalatait mutatom be, amelyet egy 32 fős művészeti gimnázium 12. osztályában tartottam.
Rediscovery of endangered species Laphangium luteoalbum (Asteraceae) in Lithuania
Authors: Gudžinskas Zigmantas , Taura Laurynas
Published: June 2022

Laphangium luteoalbum (Asteraceae) is a widely distributed species native to Eurasia; however, it is rare or endangered in some regions of Europe and included into the lists of protected species. In Lithuania, Laphangium luteoalbum was recorded in the southern part of the country, mainly along the banks of the Nemunas River in the 20th century. In contrast, it was found only in the 19th century in the western part of the country. During the research in Curonian Spit National Park (Neringa, western Lithuania), a relatively large species population was found in the transition zone between the dune grassland and wet dune slack habitats. The total population in 2020 consisted of about 500 individuals distributed over an area of about 310 m2. We assume that the seeds of this wind-dispersed plant may have been transferred from other regions of Europe by the wind. However, it cannot be excluded that the plants found are descendants of populations previously recorded in the country. The species is most threatened by the loss of wet, open sandy habitats due to eutrophication of water bodies and subsequent changes in bank vegetation. Laphangium luteoalbum was classified as data deficient (DD) in the last assessment according to the IUCN criteria. Still, a reassessment based on the current data indicates that the species should be considered critically endangered (CR) in Lithuania.
Reproductive biology of green-stemmed and red-stemmed Basella alba
Authors: Bolaji Abolade Oluremi , Oladejo Atanda Samuel , Adeniran Oluwatobi Isaac
Published: June 2022

Basella alba is an important, underutilised vegetable rich in vitamins and consumed in many parts of the world. However, the reproductive biology of this species is insufficiently known; therefore, this study was performed aiming to fill this knowledge gap. Although green-stemmed and red-stemmed Basella alba share a lot of reproductive attributes in common, the obtained results showed differences in their flower bud apex colour, anther colour, spike colour, days to 50% flowering, plant height at flower bud initiation and the mean number of flowers per spike. In both forms, the floral attributes favoured self-pollination. However, the possibility of cross-pollination among them due to the activities of pollinators such as ants, moths, butterflies and bees suggests a mixed mating system. Furthermore, both forms attained sexual maturity at varying periods, thus indicating the existence of a temporal prezygotic barrier between them and limiting the chances of their hybridisation. They could also be responsible for the ability to remain in their distinct forms even when they exist together in the same habitat.
STUDI RELEVANSI KOMPETENSI PROJECT MANAGER DENGAN PENINGKATAN JUMLAH PROYEK DESAIN INTERIOR SURABAYA
Authors: Tanzil Felicia Rosalie , Wibowo Mariana , Lumintan William Vijadhammo
Published: June 2022

Salah satu faktor tercapainya keberhasilan suatu usaha tidak lepas dari campur tangan manajer proyek. Project manager memegang kontribusi penting dalam manajaemen proyek, oleh karena itu project manager seyogyanya memiliki standar kompetensi tertentu untuk mendukung kinerja. Parameter kompetensi project manager sendiri dibagi menjadi knowledge(pengetahuan), skill(Keahlian/Keterampilan) dan attitude(sikap). Sedangkan salah satu indikator proyek dikatakan berhasil atau kinerja dapat dilihat dari peningkatan jumlah project. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji fenomena saat ini yang berangkat dari teori empiris kapabilitas dinamik sehingga didapatkan penjelasan hubungan sebab akibat antara variabel bebas dan terikat. Metodenya menggunakan kuantitatif spesifik kausal komparatif. Pengumpulan data dengan survey yaitu kuesioner menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Populasi berjumlah 105 perusahaan penyedia jasa interior di Surabaya dan target sampel terpilih 50 responden dari project manager/owner terkait. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif dengan bantuan SPSS dan tahapan uji validitas serta realibilitas menggunakan Pearson Corelation juga Alpha Cronbach. Berdasarkan perhitungan semua soal kuesioner dikatakan valid dan reliabel oleh karena itu data dapat dilakukan uji selanjutnya, regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan pengujian disimpulkan ketiga variabel X1, X2 dan X3 memiliki hubungan namun belum tentu berpengaruh secara individu/parsial, sedangkan secara simultan ketiga variabel X1, X2 dan X3 menyumbangkan kontribusi bersama-sama sebesar 25,1% terhadap peningkatan jumlah proyek(Y). Hal ini dapat dijabarkan sebab kompetensi attitude(X3) memiliki korelasi yang sangat rendah positif dan tidak signifikan sebesar 0,047 signifikansi 0,372; serta uji pengaruh parsial t hitung < t tabel dan nilai sig > 0,05 yaitu 0,328 < 2,010 dan 0,372 > 0,05.
PENGARUH MASA PEMERAMAN PADA TANAH YANG DISTABILISASI DENGAN SERAT BATANG PISANG DITINJAU DARI NILAI KUAT GESER DAN CBR
Authors: Silalahi Yemima Jean Darmanis , Wulandari Sri
Published: June 2022

Salah satu karakteristik yang sangat khas dari tanah lempung adalah sifat plastisitas yang tinggi dan daya dukungnya yang rendah, sehingga dibutuhkan upaya peningkatan daya dukung apabila tanah jenis ini akan digunakan sebagai dasar sebuah bangunan. Salah satu upaya peningkatan tersebut adalah stabilisasi tanah dengan menambahkan stabilizer. Penelitian ini menggunakan serat batang pisang sebagai stabilizer. Serat batang pisang dapat mempengaruhi gesekan internal tanah secara linier dengan berat jenis tanah yang meningkatkan kekuatan geser tanah yang juga membantu dalam menstabilkan struktur tanah dengan menyerap natrium dari tanah dan menghindari kerusakan struktur tanah. Selain itu, ketika kalium klorida diterapkan atau dicampur ke tanah, dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kekuatan geser dan batas-batas Atterberg. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh masa pemeraman pada tanah yang distabilisasi dengan serat batang pisang, ditinjau dari nilai kuat geser dan nilai CBR. Sampel tanah diambil dari Desa Hambalang, Sentul, Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menguji tanah asli, kemudian 2 variasi kadar serat batang pisang yaitu 0,5% dan 0,75%, yang kemudian masing-masingnya didiamkan dengan masa 3 masa pemeraman yang berbeda, yaitu 7 hari, 14 hari, dan 28 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan serat batang pisang sebagai bahan stabilisasi mampu mengurangi kadar air pada tanah lempung, serta menurunkan batas cair yang kemudian berbanding lurus pada menurunnya nilai indeks plastisitas. Nilai CBR meningkat hingga pemeraman 14 hari kemudian menurun pada pemeraman 28 hari, begitu pula dengan nilai kohesi dan sudut geser dalam. Dari hasil pengujian yang dijabarkan, serat batang pisang dapat digunakan menjadi bahan tambah stabilisasi tanah lempung.
MODEL DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH DI AMBAWANG, KALIMANTAN BARAT DENGAN WATERCAD
Authors: Diyanti  , Putro Haryono , Supomo Fani Yayuk
Published: June 2022

Kebutuhan akan air bersih semakin meningkat setiap harinya, namun jumlah penyediaan prasarana air bersih saat ini masih terbatas dan belum merata. Persentase jumlah penduduk terlayani jaringan distribusi air bersih di Ambawang sesuai dengan data Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum Tirta Raya hingga tahun 2021 baru dapat melayani 16,41% dari total kebutuhan penduduk. Terdapat 83,59% daerah rencana layanan belum terdapat jaringan distribusi air bersih. Tujuan dari penelitian ini menentukan proyeksi jumlah penduduk sesuai dengan tahun perencanaan, menentukan proyeksi kebutuhan air bersih, mendapatkan besarnya kapasitas dan, model jaringan distribusi air bersih di rencana daerah layanan. Metode yang digunakan untuk analisis proyeksi jumlah peduduk dengan menggunakan metode aritmatik, metode geometrik, dan metode least square. Model jaringan distribusi air bersih dengan menggunakan bantuan software WaterCAD V8I dimana umur rencana disimulasi dengan data kebutuhan air selama 20 tahun. Data yang digunakan yaitu berupa data sekunder yang didapatkan dari PDAM Tirta Raya Kalimantan Barat. Hasil dari perencanaan ini didapatkan jumlah penduduk hasil proyeksi di wilayah pelayanan dari sumber air cabang Sungai Ambawang pada tahun 2041 adalah 57.662 jiwa dengan total kebutuhan air sebesar 88,29 liter/detik, kapasitas reservoir yang direncanakan untuk dapat melayani kebutuhan air yaitu sebanyak 1 buah ground reservoir dengan kapasitas 1.404 m3. Diameter pipa yang digunakan berdasarkan hasil simulasi dengan WaterCAD didapatkan 110 mm dan 250 mm.
Transcendentalising reduction
Authors: Duchliński Piotr , Mazur Piotr S.
Published: June 2022

The aim of the article is to outline the concept of transcendentalising reduction and to demonstrate what role it plays in Thomistic metaphysics. An adaptive interpretation has been used in the analyses by applying phenomenological thinking based on epoche reduction to Thomistic metaphysics. It was used to present the structure of transcendentalising reduction, which consists of several different epoché. Consistently applied, this reduction should lead to a neutralised concept of being as a subject of metaphysics expressed in the formula “being as being”. In conclusion, we note that the proposed interpretation opens the door to further research in which phenomenology could be used in metaphysical studies to a greater extent than has been the case to date.
TRANSACTION COSTS IN THE ACTIVITIES OF INSURANCE INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Baranov Andrii
Published: June 2022

Introduction. The concept of transaction costs plays an important role in understanding the relationship between insurer and the insured, the principle of mutual good faith in the relations of these participants, the nature of the insurance company, managing insurance relations to increase the size of the insurance portfolio and increase solvency, increase insurer value. The presence of transaction costs in practice leads to a decrease in the efficiency of insurance institutions, as well as to a decrease in the financial results of insurance.
The purpose of the study is the theoretical substantiate the nature of transaction costs that arise in the activities of insurance institutions, and development of practical recommendations for their reduction.
The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, methods of analysis and synthesis, theoretical and abstract-logical generalizations and hypotheses, methods of comparison and grouping, the method of classification.
Results. The institutional features inherent in the formation and development of insurance institutions are highlighted. It is determined that the main reason for transaction costs in insurance relations is the existence of asymmetry of information about the object of insurance, the probability of the insured event, the financial stability of the insurer, etc. The main types of transaction costs of insurance institutions are described: information retrieval, negotiation, measurement, costs of specification and protection of property rights, costs of opportunistic behavior. Based on the study, potential ways to minimize transaction costs of insurance institutions are revealed: state policy, vertical integration, reduction of bureaucratization, development of information and communication technologies, transactional analysis, process management model.
The practical significance of the study lies in the justification of the need to purposefully influence the amount of transaction costs of insurance institutions in order to minimize them.