bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Rasio Profitabilitas Dan Aktivitas Sebagai Dasar Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan (Studi Kasus Pt Sariguna Primatirta Tbk Periode 2017 – 2021)
Authors: Wijaya Mariska Oktaviani , Hurriyaturrohman Hurriyaturrohman , Rizqi Muhamad Nur
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze the financial performance of PT Sariguna Primatirta Tbk for the 2017-2021 period which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research was conducted using Profitability Ratios and Activity Ratios with descriptive analysis research types using quantitative methods. The results of this study show Profitability Ratios with average values which include: Gross Profit Margin 38%, Net Profit Margin 11%, Return On Assets 10%, Return On Equity 10%, and Return On Investment 15%. Gross Profit Margin can be said to be in good condition because it has an average value above industry standards, for Net Profit Margin, Return On Assets, Return On Equity and Return On Investment it can be said to be in unfavorable condition because the average value is still below standard industry. For the results of the Activity Ratio with an average value which includes: Receivable Turnover 18 times indicating good condition because it is above industry standards, Inventory Turnover 6 times, Fixed Assets Turnover 3 times, and Total Assets Turnover 0.86 times which indicates the company's condition is less good because it is still below the average industry standard value.
Analisis Biaya Produksi Pada PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI)
Authors: Setianingsih Anggun , Jusmani Jusmani , Sudiyanto Totok
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengendalian biaya produksi pada PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk tahun 2019–2021. Berfokus pada biaya produksi dan bagaimana mengendalikan biaya produksi menggunakan metode full costing. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-kualitatif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari teknik dokumentasi. Populasinya adalah laporan keuangan PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk dengan 3 titik data sampel periode 2019–2021. Teknik analisis data adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan metode full costing, HPP lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode perusahaan. Hpp yang dihitung dengan metode full costing adalah Rp. 269.765.101.184 (2019), Rp. 335.076.671.144 (2020), dan Rp. 393.649.022.272 (2021). Sedangkan metode perhitungan perusahaan adalah Rp. 196.281.581.968 (2019), Rp. 225.481.014.394 (2020), dan Rp. 252.148.451.634 (2021), Metode perusahaan tidak menambahkan biaya lain, sedangkan metode full costing menambahkan 10% biaya cadangan dan overhead pabrik variabel. Jadi, dengan menggunakan alat kontrol dalam menghitung total biaya produksi PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk tahun 2019-2021 dinilai lebih produktif.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Menggunakan Metode Economic Value Added (EVA) Pada PT Campina Ice Cream Industry Tbk Periode 2017-2021
Authors: Pebriyani Anggi , Sundarta M. Imam , Syukur R. Dudung Abdul
Published: October 2023

PT Campina Ice Cream Industry Tbk is one of the food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The purpose of this study is to determine the financial performance of the company using the Economic Value Added (EVA) method. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, using financial statement data for 2017-2021 obtained from the company's official website and the IDX. The results of this study indicate that PT Campina Ice Cream Industry Tbk achieved a positive EVA value in 2017 and a negative EVA value in 2018-2021. A positive EVA value, or EVA > 0, means that the company is able to create added value, which indicates that the profit generated is able to cover the existing capital costs (Capital Charges), which means that the company is able to meet shareholders' expectations and the company's financial performance is said to be good. Conversely, a negative EVA value or EVA < 0, which means that the company has not been able to create value, indicates that the profit earned cannot cover the existing capital charges, which means that the company has not been able to meet the expectations of shareholders and the financial performance of the company is said to be not good.
Bibliometrix Analysis: Management Inventory dan Supply Management
Authors: Hariyanto Hariyanto , Riki Riki
Published: October 2023

Inventory and Supply Management is an important aspect of efficient business operations. Both are interrelated and have an impact on achieving competitive advantage and customer satisfaction. In the case study of PT. Berkahjaya Sentosa Technique, Bibliometrix analysis is used to evaluate the performance of inventory and supply management of companies. The results show that effective inventory and supply management can improve operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. Bibliometrics is an analytical method used to map and analyze scientific literature in a particular field. In the context of inventory management and distribution control, bibliometrics can provide valuable insight into the development and focus of study in a particular field. The purpose of this study is to analyze and summarize scientific literature related to inventory management and distribution control using bibliometric methods. The method used is descriptive analysis using analysis tools such as three-field plots and tables of main information. The results show that scientific literature related to inventory management and distribution control has experienced a decline in annual growth in the period 2018-2023. However, the average citation per document shows that this literature is still very relevant and important in the context of inventory management and distribution control. This research provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in the field of inventory management and distribution control
The Effect of Receivable Turnover, Current Ratio, and Debt to Asset Ratio to Return on Asset in Subsector Companies Retails Registered at the Indonesia Stock Exchange Period 2018-2022
Authors: Gunawan Dedie , Pujiarti Pujiarti
Published: October 2023

Making a profit, boosting corporate value, and expanding their business are the same objectives shared by service businesses, trading firms, and manufacturing firms. Entrepreneurs must be able to win the competition by meeting business needs, enhancing management effectiveness, and developing strategies in the rapidly expanding digital era where business competition is becoming more intense. This is necessary for their own survival as well as the survival of the business. Purposive sampling, which uses a sampling procedure with specific considerations, was the strategy utilized to choose the sample for this research. The study's findings demonstrate that accounts receivable turnover has a yield of 5.097 > 2.052 and a significant level of 0.00 < 0.05, indicating that it has a partial positive and significant impact on return on assets; the current ratio has a result of -1.691 < 2.025 and a significant level of 0.0103 > 0.05, indicating that it has a partial negative and significant impact on return on assets; and the debt to asset ratio has a result of Receivable Turnover, Current Ratio, and Debt to Asset Ratio all exhibit results of 0.000 < 0.05, suggesting simultaneous significant effects on the dependent variable from all independent factors.
Analisis Keragaman Produk dan Kualitas Produk Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Produk Darsa Fruits Chips
Authors: Jaya Indra , Gumanti Miswan
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh keragaman produk dan kualitas peproduk terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan metode angket, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sampel yang digunakan adalah pelanggan produk Darsa Fruits Chips. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode random sampling. Alat analisis pada studi ini menggunakan model regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian memberikan bukti empiris bahwa Keragaman produk dan kualitas produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Keragaman produk dan kualitas produk menjadi faktor penting bagi produk Darsa Fruits Chips, hal ini dibuktikan oleh peningkatan omset penjualan produk yang meningkat terus dan feedback yang positif dari pelanggan. Selain itu pula produk darsa fruits chips memiliki karakteristik khas daerah yang dapat meningkatkan produk kearifan lokal
Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Good Corporate Governance dan Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Yanti Ul , Habibah Habibah , Jatiningrum Citrawati
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh pertumbuhan perusahaan, good corporate governance dan kinerja keuangan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 5 tahun periode 2017-2021. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2017-2021. Sampel penelitian ini diperoleh menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dengan sampel perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang memenuhi semua kriteria. Metode analisis menggunakan model regresi data panel untuk menguji pengaruh masing-masing variabel terhadap nilai perusahaan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan perusahaan, good corporate governance dan kinerja keuangan berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap nilai perusahaan, sedangkan secara parsial pertumbuhan perusahaan dan good corporate governance berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, tetapi kinerja keuangan tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Audit Tenure dan Reputasi KAP Pada Audit Report Lag
Authors: Utami Mega , Yanti Lia Dama
Published: October 2023

Keterlambatan pelaporan audit merupakan satu-satunya faktor penentu terpenting yang berkontribusi pada ketepatan waktu penerbitan laporan keuangan. Riset ini dimaksudkan guna menilai kontribusi profitabilitas, leverage, ukuran perusahaan, audit tenure dan reputasi KAP pada audit report lag pada perusahaan property dan real estate yang tercatat di BEI periode 2019-2022. Riset ini termasuk jenis riset kuantitatif dengan mempergunakan data sekunder. Populasi sejumlah 67 perusahaan. Teknik analisis regresi linear berganda dijalankan dengan program SPSS versi 29. Hasil analisis menemukan bahwa profitabilitas dengan nilai sig. 0,016 < 0,05  dan ukuran perusahaan bernilai sig. 0,048 < 0,05 berdampak signifikan pada audit report lag, sedangkan leverage dengan nilai sig. 0,741 > 0,05, audit tenure sig. 0,399 > 0,05 dan reputasi KAP sig. 0,110 > 0,05 tidak berdampak pada audit report lag.
PHILOSOPHY AND TEACHING METHODS OF CHINESE CHARACTER LITERACY EDUCATION BASED ON THE APPLICATION CONCEPT OF PALEOGRAPHY
Authors: Fu Xingcong , Tan Dai Chuan
Published: October 2023

The reform and practice of the Chinese character literacy teaching method based on the concept of paleography application can be employed to a certain extent and thus will improve the quality of Chinese character literacy teaching. This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of applying ancient characters to Chinese character literacy teaching, discusses the epistemological and methodological issues of Chinese character literacy teaching, and expounds five teaching methods for the application of ancient characters to Chinese character literacy teaching, including didactic teaching method, case teaching method, theme-based teaching method, situational teaching method, and comprehensive teaching method. Different teaching methods are the deconstruction of Chinese character teaching goals, highlighting teaching objectives and priorities from different levels. They are not isolated and separated from each other, and teachers can actively choose and use teaching methods under the guidance of teaching objectives at different stages.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAHIRAN MENAMBAH DAN MENOLAK INTEGER DALAM KALANGAN MURID TINGKATAN 1 MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH “RUMAHKU TIANG SEBATANG”
Authors: Basiren Nor Rahmah , Mazlan Eiman Syahid , Halil Halida , Mazlan Allia , Jalil NurSyafiqah , Roslan Noramira
Published: October 2023

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kefahaman murid mengenai topik integer terutamanya dalam konsep menambah dan menolak nombor integer. Oleh itu, kaedah “Rumahku Tiang Sebatang” diperkenalkan dalam kajian ini kepada murid untuk memahami serta meningkatkan kemahiran menyelesaikan dalam operasi menolak dan menambah yang melibatkan nombor integer. Masalah kajian tindakan ini disebabkan murid yang kurang minat, kurang fokus dan kurang pendekatan pembelajaran yang menarik untuk memahami topik dalam subjek matematik. Oleh itu, kajian tindakan telah melibatkan kaedah temu bual, ujian dan refleksi. Seramai 24 murid Tingkatan 1 diperkenalkan kaedah “Rumahku Tiang Sebatang”. Murid ditemu bual dan dinilai melalui ujian yang disediakan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik dan ujian untuk mencapai objektif kajian, iaitu: i) Apakah masalah yang dihadapi oleh murid dalam menambah dan menolak integer? ii) Sejauh manakah kaedah “Rumahku Tiang Sebatang” mampu meningkatkan kemahiran murid dalam menambah dan menolak integer? Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan kaedah “Rumahku Tiang Sebatang” ini mampu menarik minat murid untuk memahami konsep tambah dan tolak nombor integer. Ujian yang dijalankan dalam kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa terdapat peningkatan pencapaian markah murid tingkatan 1 dalam menyelesaikan masalah soalan topik integer. Kaedah ini juga dilihat memberi impak yang positif dalam kalangan murid dan guru di sekolah. Kajian penyelidikan ini dilihat mampu menyumbang kepada pemahaman terhadap konsep asas menolak dan menambah yang melibatkan nombor integer dalam kalangan murid tingkatan 1 di sekolah menengah.
A sectorial approach to labour migration : agriculture and domestic work
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

Today more than ever, the European Union needs a comprehensive albeit differentiated approach towards legal labour migration, which responds to the varied needs of domestic labour markets and at the same time discourages effectively irregular migration. The segmented structure of domestic labour markets and the demographic deficit of Europe lead to increasing demand for a migrant labour force. This labour force is concentrated in specific sectors, such as cleaning, catering and care jobs for women; and construction, agricultural and semi-skilled manufacturing jobs for men. Such labour shortages are better catered to by a demand-led approach that takes into account the different economic cycles of Member States, their different economies and labour markets, while at the same time responds to long-term sociodemographic processes, including: a. The ageing of European societies; b. The configuration of nuclear families without extended support networks to cover needs for care of children or elderly/disabled people; c. The participation of women in paid work outside the home; d. These trends are irreversible and persist even in periods of economic downturn or weak growth. A flexible albeit proactive regulatory framework that would allow for demand and shortages to drive recruitment of migrant workers, while also being adaptable to territorial and sectorial variations, would be optimal. Of course, the thorny issue also needs to be addressed of how to match flexibility with worker protection from exploitation, setting up a clear and realistic set of rights and duties for both employer and employee. A framework sectorial approach can be tested in niche sectors such as domestic work or agriculture, complementing existing directives regulating training, research, students, intracompany transferees, highskill migrants and seasonal employment.
Actors and factors in the governance of irregular migration : a comparative analysis of Albanian, Georgian, Ukrainian, Pakistani and Afghani irregular flows to Greece
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

The loss of over a thousand human lives in the effort to cross the Mediterranean during April 2015 has once again drawn media and political attention to the challenges that the EU is facing in its efforts to govern migration and asylum. However, what seems to be still far from complete is our (the experts and the politicians) understanding of what drives people to put their lives at risk in search of a better future. What are the motivations of migrants, and what information do they have, how do they organise the journey, how much do they know and how much are they in control of their own destinies?
Employers, agencies and immigration : paying for care
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Marchetti Sabrina
Published: October 2023

Exploring the performance by immigrants of domestic and care work in European households, this book places the employer centre-stage, examining the role of the employer and his or her agents in securing the balance between work, family and welfare needs, as well as investigating both who the employers are and the nature of their relationships with migrant workers. With attention to the dynamics of inequality, as class, ethnicity and gender become intertwined in a location that is at once home and workplace, this volume is organised into sections that deal with the subjectivities of employers and their relationships with their employees in the home; the re-organisation of welfare and care arrangements at state level; and the wider area of migrant domestic and care work, with the transformation of the au pair scheme. Bringing together the latest empirical work from across Europe, Employers, Agencies and Immigration will appeal to social scientists with interests in migration, ethnic and class relations, immigrant labour and domestic work and the sociology of the family.
Studying and Evaluating the Role of the Media in Migrant Integration: Introductory remarks for the MEDIVA project
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Ulasiuk Iryna
Published: October 2023

The MEDIVA project seeks to strengthen the capacity of the media to reflect the increasing diversity of European societies and promote immigrant integration. To achieve this objective, the project will organize the knowledge produced so far and will create a searchable online database of all relevant studies on media and diversity/integration issues that will be made available for use by the media professionals as well as the general public. Building on the existing work and combining it with a series of in depth interviews with senior journalists across Europe, the MEDIVA project will generate a set of media monitoring indicators (which will be available in 8 languages) that can work for different media, in different countries, and that can provide the basis of a self- and other-assessment and future monitoring mechanism in the media. Four thematic reports will be written to reflect on how journalists and other media professionals deal with migrant diversity in five areas of their work: in recruitment/employment conditions; in training provided; as regards codes of ethics; in news making and programme production; in presenting diversity (news content). Finally, five Regional Workshops will bring together media professionals, NGOs and researchers to discuss the role of the media in promoting migrant integration.  
Rising Intolerance in Greek Political Life
Authors: Triandafyllidou Anna , Kouki Hara
Published: October 2023

During the last 20 years, Greece has rapidly transformed from a migrant sending to a migrant receiving country. More than 1.1 million or approximately 10% of the country’s 11 million population are immigrants. Since 2007 flows of irregular migrants and asylum seekers from Asia and Africa via Turkey to Greece have intensified. The Greek Turkish border has become the main ‘gate’ to Europe. In addition, since 2009 Greece has been facing an acute economic crisis with important consequences for both immigrant and native populations. Unemployment has skyrocketed for either group to more than 20% in 2012. At the same time Greece has had a malfunctioning asylum system unable to register let alone process asylum seeking requests of Asian and African immigrants, while its overall immigration policy (regarding both migration management and migrant integration) leaves a lot to be desired. These developments have contributed to creating an alarming situation, particularly in the Athens inner city areas. 
Is the indiscriminate detention of irregular migrants a cost-effective policy tool? : a case-study of the Amygdaleza Pre-Removal Center
Authors: Angeli Danai , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this new policy is straightforward: to secure that all irregular migrants — unless granted international protection — will be returned to their home countries. Faced with the deprivation of their liberty and without the hope of a timely release, the Greek authorities believe that migrants will be forced to co-operate and accept a so called “voluntary” [assisted] return or indeed a forced return to their country of origin. Greece will thus succeed in reducing the overall size of its irregular migrant population. At the same, this new policy is expected to act as a deterrent since it will “send a strong signal to third-country nationals willing to illegally enter Greece,” and “warn all immigrants who do not fall under the status of international protection that they will be arrested, detained and returned to the countries of origin.
Assessing the cost-effectiveness of irregular migration control policies in Greece
Authors: Dimitriadi Angeliki , Angeli Danai , Triandafyllidou Anna
Published: October 2023

In September 2014, the Greek office of Amnesty International, issued a press release regarding the continuous deaths in the Mediterranean. Highlighting the plight of refugees and migrants attempting to reach European shores, it noted that in the Aegean Sea alone, from August 2012 and until May of 2014 a total of 208 persons were estimated to have drowned or disappeared. In 2011, which was the deadliest year for the Mediterranean crossing, 1,500 migrants died: 1 in every 50 migrants who crossed. For 2014 however, IOM's records of loss of life at sea are already exceedingly high; 3,000 migrants have died attempting to make the voyage to Europe, seeking entry via Italy, Greece, Malta and Spain.  
A Different Kind of State: Imagining Popular Power and Democratic Administration for the 21st Century
Authors: Evans Bryan
Published: October 2023

Since the 2008 economic crisis, the political legitimacy of representative democracy has eroded. The roots of this legitimation crisis are found in growing inequality and the unwillingness of representative democratic capitalist states to address the structural causes giving rise to this polarization. In many respects, in the third decade of the 21st century, the class nature of the state has rarely been so apparent since before the Keynesian era. Various historical and contemporary cases provide examples of a ‘different kind of state’ where the state’s agenda setting function and policy outputs were informed by working class and other perspectives and interests. The result is greater social and economic inclusion generally and a democratization of the administrative state.
BENTUK DAN FUNGSI PERLOKUSI REPRESENTATIF TEORI IKA VALENSIA PADA KEGIATAN PELAYANAN ANGGOTA POLISI DI POLSEK PEKALONGAN TIMUR
Authors: Clarasida Nanda Ayu , Arifianti Ika
Published: October 2023

Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian pragmatik kajian tindak tutur perlokusi representatif langsung dan representatif tak langsung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Mengidentifikasi bentuk dan fungsi perlokusi representatif langsung toeri Ika Valensia pada kegiatan pelayanan anggota polisi Polsek Pekalongan Timur 2) Mengidentifikasi bentuk dan fungsi perlokusi representatif tak langsung teori Ika Valensia pada kegiatan pelayanan anggota polisi Polsek Pekalongan Timur. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah sumber tertulis, yaitu berupa tuturan pada kegiatan pelayanan anggota polisi di Polsek Pekalongan Timur. Data penelitian ini adalah penggalan tuturan pada kegiatan pelayanan anggota polisi di Polsek Pekalongan Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data ini menggunakan teknik observasi, dokumentasi, dan teknik rekam catat. Data yang ditemukan kemudian dikelompokkan sesuai dengan kategori masing-masing representatif. Hasil analisis yang ditemukan pada penelitian ini, yaitu 77 analisis. Representatif langsung terdiri  dari 33 fungsi menanyakan, 9 fungsi menyebutkan, 3 fungsi kesaksian, 4 fungsi berspekulasi, dan representatif tak langsung terdiri dari 15 fungsi menyatakan, 2 fungsi menunjukkan, 8 fungsi melaporkan, 3 fungsi menuntut.
Analisis Analisis Lingustik Sistemik Fungsional Pada Kumpulan Cerita Rakyat Asal Bangka
Authors: Ristika Ria Risti
Published: October 2023

Masalah dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagaimanakah analisis  linguistik sistemik fungsional pada kumpulan cerita rakyat asal Bangka. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengungkapkan bentuk dan proses linguistik sistemik fungsional pada cerita rakyat dengan menggunakan 3 variasi linguisitik sistemik fungsional  yaitu genre, transitivitas dan teks dalam konteks. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskripstif kualitatif dengan data yang digunakan dari buku Cerita Rakyat dari Bangka 2 karya Lala Savitri. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi serta data yang digunakan dengan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan 199 paragraf yang mengandung genre naratif. Kemudian proses transitivitas yang ditemukan pada cerita rakyat tersebut yaitu, didominasi oleh proses tingkah laku atau behavioral dengan jumlah 79 proses, sebanyak 36,7%, disusul proses material 63 proses sebanyak 29,7%, kemudian proses mental 30 proses sebanyak 14,1%, proses relasional 25 proses sebanyak 11,7%, proses verbal 9 proses sebanyak 4,2% dan diposisi terakhir proses eksistensial dengan jumlah 7 proses sebanyak 3,3%. Teks dalam konteks yang terjadi pada cerita yaitu 8 teks yang sesuai dengan situasi dan kondisi.

Kata Kunci: Cerita Rakyat Bangka, Linguistik Sistemik Fungsional dan Transivitas
Studi Analisis: Teori Pemrosesan Informasi dalam Pembelajaran PAI Berbasis HOTS
Authors: Nisa Zakiyatul , Azzahra Rahma Tiara , Khotimah Siti Khorriyatul
Published: October 2023

This research aims to examine the theory of information processing in Islamic Religious Education learning with a Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) approach, focusing on improving students' critical thinking abilities. The research method used is a qualitative approach through literature review, with data sources such as books, journals, theses, and documents related to the theory of information processing in PAI learning based on HOTS. Data collection techniques involve observation and documentation. The results of this study showed that the theory of information processing in PAI learning based on HOTS have three main principles, namely the utilization of students' prior knowledge, goal-oriented instructional design, and feedback provision. In addition, there were several stages in the theory of information processing, namely stimulus identification as perception, response selection as decision-making, and response programming as action. The implementation of the theory of information processing in PAI learning based on HOTS can be done by presenting challenging statements to students to express arguments and engage in critical thinking. The application of the HOTS approaches also benefits students in developing logical and creative thinking skills, enabling them to become intelligent and skilled individuals.
Prescription Pattern of Different Groups of Antibiotics at Out Patient Department of a Tertiary Medical College Hospital in Dhaka City
Authors: Sultana Afroza , Kabir M Lutful , Yusuf Md Abdullah , Jahan Tarana , Khan Asma , Firdousi Tahmida , Nahar Shamsun
Published: October 2023

Background: Drugs prescription pattern is very important at outpatient department in the tertiary care hospital.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of patients and antibiotic prescribing trends in OPD of a Tertiary Medical College hospital.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was undertaken in the medicine, surgery, gynaecology & obstetrics and paediatrics Out Patient Department of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical college hospital, Dhaka. The duration of the study period was 5 weeks (25th March, 2017 to 29th April, 2017). The study was designed to obtain information regarding prescribing pattern of drugs by physicians and also to analyze basal information of the prescription. The prescription were observed from the hospital’s OPD and few prescriptions were from each unit.
Results: A total 320 prescription were observed from the hospital’s OPD where 80 prescriptions were from each unit. The mean age of the patients was 24.50±14.976 years. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics at medicine OPD was Cephalosporin which was 19(51.4%) cases followed by others antibiotics and azithromycin which was 9(24.3%) cases and 8(21.6%) cases respectively. In surgery OPD, the most commonly used antibiotics were flucloxacillin and cephalosporin which was 66(82.5%) cases and 24(30.0%) cases respectively. In Gynae & obstetrics OPD, the most commonly prescribed antibiotics were quinolones as well as other groups of antibiotics which were 23(46.0%) cases and 27(54.0%) cases respectively.
Conclusion: In conclusion most commonly used antibiotic are Cephalosporin, azithromycin and Flucloxacillin in different OPD of the hospital.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2023;9(1):54-58
Safety and Efficacy of Citicoline among Acute Ischemic Stroke Bangladeshi Patients: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Ahmed KM Ahasan , Chowdhury Md Tauhidul Islam , Sarkar Mohammad Sadekur Rahman , Alim Md Abdul , Yusuf Md Abdullah , Chowdhury Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque , Saha Uttam Kumar , Alam Md Badrul
Published: October 2023

Background: Ischemic stroke is the most common type of all stroke events. About 2.7 million people die each year from ischemic stroke. Facilities for reperfusion therapy in hyper-acute state is not widely available in our country. Use of neuro-protective agents like citicoline may be considered as a reasonable adjunct with antiplatelet agents.
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of citicoline in treatment of acute ischemic stroke as a neuro-protective agent.
Methodology: This was a randomized controlled trial which was conducted in Neurology Unit of National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2017 to December 2017. Acute ischemic stroke patients presented with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ≥ 5 were recruited for this study. The study population were divided into 2 groups designated as study and control groups. Control group received standard treatment of acute ischemic stroke whereas study participants were treated with standard stroke medications along with citicoline. Outcome and adverse events were recorded at one week and at twelve weeks of treatment onset. The primary end points of outcome were assessed using NIHSS and mRS at twelve weeks. NIHSS ≤1 and/or mRS ≤2 were considered as good functional outcome.
Results: A total number of 109 acute ischemic stroke patients were recruited for this study of which 53 cases in the study group and 56 cases in the control group. More number of patients achieved good functional outcome (mRS ≤2) in citicoline group in comparison to control group, 62.96% and 37.03% in study and control group respectively (p=0.362), though this difference was not statistically significant. There were no significant changes of biochemical parameters, major and minor adverse events between two groups at 1 week and 12 weeks follow up. A significant number of patients died in control group in comparison of study group, 45.45% vs. 23.8% (p=0.0483) within 12-week period.
Conclusion: In this study, functional outcome is found better in citicoline group. Survival benefit is observed with citicoline group in comparison to control which is statistically significant.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2023;9(1):3-10
Pediatric Dorsal Intradural Extra-Medullary Epidermoid Cyst (Non-Dysraphic): An Illustrative Case with Literature Review
Authors: Mukherjee Sudipta Kumer , Arman DM , Mahbub Abdullah Al , Khan SIM Khairun Nabi , Wellington Jack
Published: October 2023

A spinal epidermoid cyst is a rare congenital tumour that may be associated with spinal dysraphism. Congenital spinal epidermoid cysts without spinal dysraphism are rare. Here we are reporting a rare and interesting case of thoracic Intradural extra-medullary epidermoid cyst not associated with spinal dysraphism. Epidermoid cysts (EC) represent less than 1.0% and are rarely seen as an intradural extra-medullary spinal cord tumor.  Preoperative Clinico- Radiological assumption is important for surgical planning.
Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, January 2023;9(1):88-95
Prejudices on In-vitro Fertilization: Experiences from Couples Struggling with Fertility of Urban Dhaka
Authors: Habib Sumiaya
Published: October 2023

The biomedical treatment of infertility has spread throughout the world rapidly, though the cultural understanding of its techniques stagger in various cultures and societies. The local moral ideologies and cultural urge of fertility have treated the infertile people miserably. In Bangladesh, biomedical treatments of infertility are being introduced, and many are approaching it, depending upon not only their affordability but also on various socio-cultural factors. The cultural interpretation of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) depends on various social components, like patriarchy, moral values, and belief system related to childbirth. Thus, the social exposure and moral pioneers of the recipient of treatment play significant roles in postulating the conception of IVF. This paper identifies the cultural interpretation of IVF among the infertile couples of urban Dhaka through their experience in addressing biomedical infertility treatment.
Social Science Review, Vol. 40(1), Jun 2023 Page 41-55
Impact of Agricultural Credit on Agricultural Production: Evidence from Bangladesh
Authors: Azad Abul Kalam
Published: October 2023

This article aims to portray the impact of agricultural credit on agricultural production in Bangladesh using the Johansen co-integration method. However, the Johansen co-integration test requires the concerned variables to be in the same order of integration. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips Perron (PP), and Kwiatkowski, Phillips, Schmidt and Shin (KPSS) tests have been performed to check whether the variables contain a unit root. ADF, PP, and KPSS tests suggest that all variables- the natural logarithm of agricultural production, agricultural credit, fertiliser use, and agricultural employment- follow the integration of order one. The test results show that credit disbursed in agriculture and fertiliser usage significantly increase agricultural production in the long run. However, our study suggests that agricultural employment has a negative long-run effect on agriculture employment. Regarding post-estimation, we did not find any serial correlation in the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) model, and residuals of the VECM model are also normally distributed. Our findings suggest that credit disbursed in the agricultural sector facilities needs to be augmented to increase and sustain agricultural output.
Social Science Review, Vol. 40(1), Jun 2023 Page 109-128
Interfaith Dialogue to Counter Radicalization in Bangladesh: An Approach to Move from Extremism to Pluralism
Authors: Shahreen Shahla
Published: October 2023

The fundamental objective of this research paper is to examine how interfaith dialogue can be an effective mechanism to combat the forces of radicalization and extremism in Bangladesh. To unveil the answer to this question, this study has explored the nature of the politicization of Islam and the scope of Islamic fundamentalism in Bangladesh. Reviewing the existing pieces of literature, this research paper has identified that there has been a rise in Islamic extremism since the beginning of the 21st century, which evolved throughout the last two decades changing in its nature and intensity. It has illustrated that after the military coup of 1975, the military rulers and the following democratic governments of Bangladesh carried on the tendency of politicizing religion and have used state mechanisms to Islamize Bangladeshi society. However, to address this recent trend of rising militancy, interfaith dialogue can be an effective approach that will shrink the potential of radicalization and extremism in Bangladesh. This study proposes incorporating an interreligious curriculum in the education system of Bangladesh and the engagement of religious preachers as well as mass people of different faiths including various sects of each religion in such interfaith dialogue initiatives to improve understanding and compassion.
Social Science Review, Vol. 40(1), Jun 2023 Page 165-184
What Drives Asian International Reserves Accumulation in the Post-financial Crisis of 1997-98
Authors: Ubaydullah Md , Tulon K M Nafiz Ifteakhar
Published: October 2023

Global reserves accumulation experienced impressive gains following the late 1990s Asian financial crisis that undermined not only the Asian economies but also the world. Since then, only 49 Asian countries are contributing more than 60% of global hoarding and this trend has been considered from various insights of the international policy agenda. But the logic behind this enormous accumulation is still a matter of serious debate among researchers which is examined in this paper. The empirical estimation based on the unbalanced panel of 49 Asian countries from the period of 1999-2021 confirms precautionary motive as the best illustrator of holding reserves. Asian countries hold reserves as a safeguard against temporary external imbalances and uncertainty in the balance of payment. Against the popular myth that export, or GDP growth has no effect on reserve accumulation. However, exchange rate stability has some effect.
Social Science Review, Vol. 40(1), Jun 2023 Page 203-221
Viabilitas benih kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) varietas grobogan dan argomulyo akibat pengusangan cepat dengan uap jenuh etanol atau periode simpan
Authors: Putri Rizki Rama Danti , Pramono Eko , Kamal Muhammad
Published: October 2023

Kemunduran benih dapat dipercepat dengan penuaan yang dipercepat menggunakan perlakuan uap jenuh etanol, dan viabilitasnya menjadi lebih rendah dengan deraan uap jenuh etanol yang lebih lama. Viabilitas benih juga lebih rendah karena periode penyimpanan yang lebih lama. Dua percobaan masing-masing menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dilakukan untuk melihat viabilitas benih dari dua varietas kedelai Grobogan dan Argomulyo oleh pengaruh periode penyimpanan atau oleh lama deraan uap jenuh etanol. Sebagian benih kedelai disimpan dan viabilitasnya diamati setiap bulan hingga enam bulan. Sebagian benih lainnya diperlakukan dengan deraan uap jenuh etanol dan viabilitasnya diamati setiap 30 menit deraan hingga 180 menit. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas benih kedelai Grobogan dan Argomulyo selama penyimpanan 0-6 bulan adalah sama, seperti halnya pengusangan cepat 0-150 menit. Viabilitas benih Grobogan pada pasca lama penderaan 120-180 menit dalam uap etanol jenuh lebih rendah dari viabilitasnya selama penyimpanan 4-6 bulan, sedangkan viabilitas benih Argomulyo pasca lama deraan 60-180 menit lebih rendah daripada pasca lama simpan 2-6 bulan.
Seed deterioration can be accelerated by accelerated aging using the treatment of ethanol-saturated vapor, and its viability becomes lower by longer exposure to the ethanol-saturated vapor. The viability of the seed is also lower by the longer period of storage. Two sets of studies, each using a completely randomized design, were conducted to determine the viability of the seeds of two Grobogan and Argomulyo soybean varieties by the influence of the storage period of 0- 6 months or by the length of exposure to ethanol-saturated vapor. A part of soybean seeds was stored, and their viability was observed every month to six months. Another part of the seeds was treated by exposing them to saturate ethanol vapor, and then their viability was observed every 30 minutes of exposure to 180 minutes.  The results of the experiments showed that the viability of Grobogan and Argomulyo soybean seeds during 0-6 months of storage was the same as when the rapid aging of 0-150 minutes. The viability of Grobogan seeds after 120-180 minutes of aging in saturated ethanol vapor was lower than its viability during storage for 4-6 months, while the viability of Argomulyo seeds after 60-180 minutes of aging was lower than after 2-6 months of storage.
Perubahan profil tekstur ketupat selama penyimpanan
Authors: Rahmadi Isnaini , Sugiyono Sugiyono , Suyatma Nugraha Edhi
Published: October 2023

Beras merupakan makanan pokok bagi lebih dari setengah penduduk dunia. Ketupat merupakan produk olahan beras yang menjadi bagian dari budaya Indonesia. Ketupat memiliki umur simpan yang singkat. Suhu penyimpanan yang berbeda diduga memengaruhi profil tekstur ketupat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh data pengaruh amilosa beras dan persentase pengisian ketupat pada perubahan profil tekstur ketupat selama penyimpanan pada suhu yang berbeda. Karakterisasi tekstur ketupat dilaksanakan pada dua suhu, yaitu suhu ruang dan dingin. Ketupat dibuat dengan beras varietas IR 64 dan Pandan Wangi. Selama penyimpanan suhu ruang, beras beramilosa tinggi serta persentase pengisian ketupat yang lebih rendah diperoleh ketupat dengan elastisitas yang rendah. Elastisitas meningkat selama penyimpanan pada suhu ruang, tetapi selama penyimpanan suhu dingin elastisitas tidak berubah. Amilosa beras serta persentase pengisian yang lebih tinggi diperoleh nilai daya kunyah ketupat tinggi selama penyimpanan disuhu dingin, tetapi saat kondisi suhu ruang kadar amilosa tidak berpengaruh pada daya kunyah. Selama penyimpanan, baik disuhu ruang ataupun suhu dingin, nilai daya kunyah ketupat meningkat. Kelengketan ketupat tidak dipengaruhi oleh kandungan amilosa dan persentase pengisian ketupat.
Rice is a staple food for more than half of the world's population. Ketupat is an Indonesian indigenous food made from rice. However, ketupat has short a shelf life. The differences in storage temperatures might affect the texture characteristics. The objective of this research was to observe the effect of amylose content and the percentage of ketupat filling on the change of texture characteristics of ketupat during storage at different temperatures. Characterizations of ketupat during storage were conducted in two temperature conditions, i.e. room temperature and cold temperature. Ketupat was produced by using IR 64 and Pandan Wangi rice varieties. The higher amylose content and the lower percentage of ketupat filling resulted in the lower of ketupat springiness during storage at room temperature. The springiness of ketupat also increased during storage at room temperature, but it did not change significantly during storage at cold temperature. The higher amylose content and the percentage of ketupat filling resulted in the higher of ketupat chewiness during storage at cold temperature. However, at room temperature, the chewiness was not affected by the amylose content. The chewiness of ketupat increased during storage at room temperature and cold temperature. The amylose content and the percentages of ketupat filling did not affect adhesiveness, of the ketupat during storage.
Partisipasi masyarakat dalam mengikuti kegiatan posyandu di Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Stabat, Sumatera Utara
Authors: Ramadhani Aina Cici , Derani Derani , Rizki Putri Amanda , Zuhair Raisa Daffa , Prawati Sukma Ayu
Published: October 2023

Program Posyandu merupakan salah satu jenis pelayanan kesehatan  untuk mengatasi permasalahan dan pengobatan integratif pada masyarakat. Tujuan untuk melibatkan masyarakat dalam kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat agar menciptakan kesadaran akan hak dan kewajiban masyarakat. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif analitik dengan studi observasional, dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu semua orangtua yang memiliki balita yang tercatat di Posyandu Batang Kelurahan Sidomulyo tahun 2021dan kader posyandu. Responden berjumlah 10 orang tua yang memiliki bayi dan 3 kader posyandu. Berdasarkan hasil kajian tingkat partisipasi ibu hamil masuk kategori sedang, dikarenakan masih ada ibu hamil yang melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilannya di Bidan terdekat sehingga hanya sedikit yang mengikuti pemeriksaan kehamilan di posyandu Desa Sidomulyo Kecamatan Stabat.
 The Posyandu program is one type of health service to address problems and integrative treatment in the community. The aim is to involve the community in community empowerment activities in order to create awareness of the rights and obligations of the community. This type of research uses descriptive analytic with an observational study, with a cross sectional research design. Respondents in this study were all parents who had children under five who were registered at Posyandu Batang, Sidomulyo Village in 2021 and posyandu cadres. The respondents were 10 parents with babies and 3 posyandu cadres. Based on the results of the study, the participation rate of pregnant women is in the medium category, because there are still pregnant women who do their pregnancy checks at the nearest midwife so that only a few take part in pregnancy checks at the posyandu, Sidomulyo Village, Stabat District.
Pendampingan Kelompok Dalam Pemanfaatan Magot Untuk Budidaya Lele Mutiara di Kecamatan Batang Toru Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan
Authors: Ritonga Yusuf Musthofa , Restuwati Ina , Susilawati Tuti , Siregar Rini Berlina
Published: October 2023

Kegiatan budidaya ikan lele mutiara (Clarias gariepinus) di Kecamatan Batang Toru masih dihadapkan beberapa permasalahan diantaranya belum menerapkan Cara Budidaya Ikan yang Baik (CBIB), belum berjalannya fungsi kelompok sebagai kelas belajar, wadah kerja sama, dan unit produksi, serta biaya pakan untuk pembesaran ikan lele mutiara (Clarias gariepinus) yang tinggi dapat menghambat proses produksi budidaya. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan pembudidaya setelah pendampingan dalam pemanfaatan untuk budidaya ikan lele mutiara. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 7 Maret hingga Juni 2022. Metode yang digunakan yaitu demostrasi percontohan , diskusi, dan ceramah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi Dempond Budidaya Magot (Hermetia illucens) dari aspek pengetahuan telah meningkat 33%, aspek keterampilan meningkat 50%, dan aspek sikap meningkat dari ragu – ragu sebesar 65% menjadi setuju 92%.
Pengabdian Masyarakat Berbasis Potensi: Gotong Royong Pembersihan Lingkungan di Area Desa Maliha
Authors: Kaka Susanti Ambu , Mistianah Mistianah
Published: October 2023

This PMBP activity focuses on the role of PPL students in carrying out mutual cooperation activities. The role of these PPL students can build awareness of the village community. Therefore, we need a strategy or policy so that the implementation can run well. This PMBP activity aims to describe the role of the community in carrying out mutual cooperation activities in Mali Iha Village. The informants of this study were village heads, village officials, and community members in the village of Mali iha. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, mutual cooperation, and documentation. The results obtained in this study show the first few things, through mutual cooperation activities with village officials and the Malian village community, community concern for PPL students in helping carry out PMBP activities, village apparatus as motivators have collaborated in this matter to jointly improve development village with the implementation of mutual cooperation, the role of the village apparatus as a facilitator is quite helpful for the Malian village community, which states that the village head is very helpful in solving village development problems.