bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ИНДИКАТОР Ge/Si ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ИНТЕНСИВНОСТИ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ВЫВЕТРИВАНИЯ НА ГРАНИЦЕ ПАЛЕОЦЕНА И ЭОЦЕНА В ДРЕВНЕМ ЗАУРАЛЬСКОМ БАССЕЙНЕ
Authors: Смирнов Павел Витальевич , Баталин Георгий Александрович , Гареев Булат Ирекович , Трифонов Артем Алексеевич
Published: August 2020

Актуальность. Диатомиты и их переходные разности, сформировавшиеся в условиях палеоцен-эоценового морского бассейна, являются одними из самых широко распространённых в приповерхностном залегании осадочных пород на обширной территории Зауралья. При этом применительно к генетическим аспектам таких пород актуальной остается дискуссия о фундаментальных источниках кремнезема для формирования опал-кристобалитовых отложений. Актуальной задачей остается анализ роли каждого из факторов – континентального выветривания и деятельности апвеллингов – в происхождении горных пород. Соотношение Ge к Si потенциально может рассматриваться как инструмент расшифровки источника кремнезема в биогенных кремнистых породах, так как германий доставляется в породу путем внедрения в биогенный опал; привнос Ge в породу за счет других источников во время диагенеза несущественен, что делает результаты индикационно ценными. Цель: оценка интенсивности химического выветривания на рубеже палеоцена и эоцена в Зауралье на основе изучения соотношения Ge и Si в разновозрастных диатомитах. Методы: полевые исследования, рентгенофлуоресцентный анализ, масс-спектрометрия с индуктивно-связанной плазмой, сканирующая электронная микроскопия. Результаты. Работа содержит первые результаты оценки интенсивности химического выветривания на рубеже палеоцена и эоцена в Зауралье с помощью анализа расчетных соотношений германия и кремния в валовых образцах диатомитов и препаратах биокластики, из которых удален глинистый материал. Соотношения Ge/Si в препаратах биокластики из палеоценовых (Брусяна) и эоценовых (Ирбитское месторождение) диатомитов отличаются практически двукратно. Полученные значения стоит рассматривать как индикатор, что интенсивность химического выветривания претерпевает на этом рубеже серьезные изменения: интенсивное химическое выветривание, усиление гидрологического цикла в период PETM определили увеличение поставки растворенного кремнезема в морской бассейн при накоплении биокремнистых пород на территории современного Зауралья. Ослабление тектонических движений и пенепленизация суши в пределах Восточно-Уральского обрамления способствовали усилению процессов выветривания. Это обеспечило дополнительный трансфер кремнистого вещества в форме истинных и коллоидных растворов в бассейн седиментации для накопления биокремнистых пород. Объем привноса кремнезема с суши на протяжении относительного короткого периода времени стал более заметен в общем балансе поставляемой в бассейн седиментации кремнекислоты. По этой же причине, т. е. из-за наличия дополнительного источника кремнекислоты, валовое содержание SiO2 в палеоценовых диатомитах несколько выше, чем в эоценовых.
Framing gender identity registration amidst national and international developments: Introduction to ‘Bodies, identities, and gender regimes: Human rights and legal aspects of gender identity registration’
Authors: Quinan C L , Molitor Verena , Van den Brink Marjolein , Zimenkova Tatiana
Published: August 2020

Introduction to ‘Bodies, identities, and gender regimes: Human rights and legal aspects of gender identity registration’
Computer Says No: Enforcing divorce upon persons who changed their sex in Europe and South Africa
Authors: Mills Lize
Published: August 2020

As is the case with marriage, divorce should be entered into freely and voluntarily. The State should not demand that a marriage be ended if neither one of the spouses wishes for it to be terminated. Yet, several countries still impose such an obligation in instances where one or both of the parties to the marriage changed their sex during the existence of the marriage, in order for such a person to attain legal recognition of the sex change. This article analyses some of the case law in Europe and South Africa where the courts have had to intercede in instances in which differential treatment was being justified in the name of so-called pragmatism. It examines some of the possible reasons for imposing this obligation upon married couples and the effect that this requirement has on their lives. Furthermore, it explores why it is incorrect to require the termination of marriage after a change of sex, how genderism and transphobia has caused differential and discriminatory treatment of transsexual persons, and how institutional bias and a lack of appreciation for the lived reality of people who do not necessarily fit into categories of generated systems, continue to negate the human rights of some humans.
Identifying Genocide: The Yazidi Massacre in the Context of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide 1948
Authors: Potot-Warren Jade
Published: August 2020

In August 2014 ISIS conducted a coordinated attack on the Yazidi population of the Mount Sinjar area. As a result, the entirety of this Yazidi population was displaced[1], and an estimated total of 3,100[2] Yazidis were killed (approximately half were executed, and the rest died whilst fleeing[3]) and 6,800[4] were kidnapped and subjected to numerous abuses, including torture and forced religious conversion. The “genocide” is ongoing[5] and as of August 2014, there are an estimated 3,200[6] women and girls still in ISIS captivity. This article will explore these events in the context of the elements of genocide and with references to the findings of the Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic and the Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Iraq in the light of abuses committed by the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant and associated group. This article will critically examine if, and to what extent, these attacks constitute a genocide within the meaning of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide (‘Genocide Convention’) 1948.In August 2014 ISIS conducted a coordinated attack on the Yazidi population of the Mount Sinjar area. As a result, the entirety of this Yazidi population was displaced[1], and an estimated total of 3,100[2] Yazidis were killed (approximately half were executed, and the rest died whilst fleeing[3]) and 6,800[4] were kidnapped and subjected to numerous abuses, including torture and forced religious conversion. The “genocide” is ongoing[5] and as of August 2014, there are an estimated 3,200[6] women and girls still in ISIS captivity.This article will explore these events in the context of the elements of genocide and with references to the findings of the Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic and the Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the human rights situation in Iraq in the light of abuses committed by the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant and associated group. This article will critically examine if, and to what extent, these attacks constitute a genocide within the meaning of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide (‘Genocide Convention’) 1948.
The Ghosts Around the Coasts: Anarchy and Equity in Transboundary River Basins
Authors: Nagheeby Mohsen
Published: August 2020

Please see attached files for oral presentation.
Penanggulangan fatalitas korban kecelakaan lalu lintas di kawasan Tugurejo Ngasem Kediri, Jawa Timur
Authors: Setiawan Fatikh Dedy
Published: August 2020

Kebutuhan transportasi lalu lintas saat ini semakin meningkat. Ini sebanding dengan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk yang ada. Dengan semakin meningkatnya jumlah penduduk tersebut, maka meningkat pula potensi kecelakaan yang dapat terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menanggulangi fatalitas korban kecelakaan lalu lintas di kawasan Desa Tugurejo, Kecamatan Ngasem, Kabupaten Kediri. Dalam penelitian ini pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya kepolisian daerah Kediri dalam mengatasi kematian korban kecelakaan lalu lintas dilakukan dengan tiga pendekatan berbeda yaitu pre-emptif, preventif dan represif. Dalam pendekatan pre-emtif, pendidikan publik ditekankan mengenai pelatihan darurat pertolongan pertama (PPGD), kegiatan kepolisian Goes To School, difokuskan pada pemberdayaan masyarakat dan kampanye keselamatan lalu lintas melalui spanduk, baliho, dan media lainnya. Dalam pendekatan preventif, dilakukan melalui turjawali, serta melakukan kerjasama lintas sektoral dengan keterlibatan badan lain di luar kepolisian nasional melalui program SI PEKA. Selanjutnya, pendekatan represif adalah untuk melakukan operasi rutin dan operasi bersama dalam rangka meminimalkan jumlah kematian korban kecelakaan lalu lintas.
Feminization of poverty program on female breadwinners in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Singgih Doddy Sumbodo , Sudarso Sudarso , Mas'udah Siti
Published: August 2020

This article describes the feminization of poverty-reducing program by directing the program to female breadwinners in 10 regencies in East Java Province, Indonesia. The main activity of such program is to provide productive financial support to a target group, namely poor female breadwinners in rural areas. The main focus of the research is to examine the targeting accuracy of the program in providing productive financial support to the target group. To acquire this objective, a survey was conducted to collect data for the examination. In addition, the targeting accuracy is measured for the accuracy of its recipients, its amount, and its utilization. The results of the study indicate that the feminization of poverty-reducing program has met the target. It means that the funds have really been given to the poor female breadwinners who live in rural areas. The sum of the money has been in agreement with the amount that should be given, and it has been utilized by the target group productively in accordance with the program objectives.
Kebijakan One-Gate System sebagai upaya meningkatkan pelayanan lalu lintas di Satpas Gresik
Authors: Ardilestanto Wikha
Published: August 2020

Munculnya berbagai kendala terhadap pelayanan lalu lintas di Satpas Gresik menimbulkan berbagai keluhan dari masyarakat, sehingga kepolisian mengeluarkan kebijakan One-Gate System. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji implementasi One-Gate System sebagai upaya meningkatkan pelayanan lalu lintas di Satpas Gresik serta mengetahui kendala atau hambatan apa saja yang muncul dalam proses pengurusan SIM di Kantor Samsat Gresik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik purposive. Adapun pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini antara lain wawancara, dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian di lapangan menemukan bahwa implementasi One-Gate System sebagai sarana meningkatkan pelayanan lalu lintas yaitu adanya sumberdaya manusia Polri yang memahami tugas pokok fungsi masing-masing, prosedur pembuatan SIM yang sederhana dan cepat, peralatan pelayanan One-Gate System lebih modern dan update, adanya kerjasama antar pelaksana One-Gate System dan indeks kepuasan masyarakat yang sangat baik. Kendala dalam proses pengurusan SIM dengan One-Gate System sebagai upaya meningkatkan pelayanan lalu lintas yaitu faktor sumberdaya manusia Satpas Polres Gresik masih ada yang belum mengikuti pendidikan kejuruan dan sertifikasi serta faktor kenyamanan dan kebersihan sarana dan prasarana.
Editorial: Menilik Kesehatan dan Gangguan Reproduksi Pada Perempuan
Authors: Armini Ni Ketut Alit
Published: August 2020

Editorial: Menilik Kesehatan dan Gangguan  Reproduksi Pada Perempuan
Editorial: Upaya Bersama dalam Pencegahan Anemia Kehamilan
Authors: Triharini Mira
Published: August 2020

Editorial: Upaya Bersama dalam Pencegahan Anemia Kehamilan
Editorial: Raising the Value of Care to Vulnerable Population
Authors: Acob Joel Rey U
Published: August 2020

Editorial: Raising the Value of Care to Vulnerable Population
The impacts of aging, income and urbanization on health expenditures: A panel regression analysis for OECD countries
Authors: BOZ Canser , TAŞ Nihat , ÖNDER Emrah
Published: August 2020

Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to investigate
the factors affecting health expenditure levels through a panel data analysis. Methods: The study includes data from
35 OECD member countries between 2005 and 2015. We carried out panel regression
analysis using STATA 13.0 econometric program. In the study, we used per capita
health expenditure figures according to purchasing power parity as the
dependent variable and we searched the impact of aging, urbanization and income on health expenditures with
fixed effects panel regression model. Findings:
The regression model indicates that aging, urbanization and income have positive effects on health expenditures
per capita. For instance, a 1% increase in population ages 65+ causes an
increase in health expenditures by $165 per capita. Conclusion: Although health expenditures are influenced by many
factors, demographic structures and demographic changes, such as aging,
urbanization and income, have a significant impact on health expenditures.
Glomerular Collagen Deposition and Lipocalin-2 Expression Are Early Signs of Renal Injury in Prediabetic Obese Rats
Authors: Bukosza Eva Nora , Kaucsár Tamás , Godó Mária , Lajtár Enikő , Tod Pál , Koncsos Gábor , Varga Viktor Zoltán , Baranyai Tamás , Nguyen Minh Tu , Schachner Helga , Sőti Csaba , Ferdinandy Péter , Giricz Zoltán , Szénási Gábor , Hamar Peter
Published: August 2020

Rats fed a high-fat diet with a single streptozotocin (STZ) injection developed obesity, prediabetes, cardiac hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Here we aimed to explore the renal consequences of prediabetes in the same groups of rats. Male Long-Evans rats were fed normal chow (CON; n = 9) or high-fat diet containing 40% lard and were administered STZ at 20 mg/kg (i.p.) at week four (prediabetic rats, PRED, n = 9). At week 21 cardiac functions were examined (Koncsos et al., 2016) and blood and urine samples were taken. Kidney samples were collected for histology, immunohistochemistry and for analysis of gene expression. High-fat diet and streptozotocin increased body weight gain and visceral adiposity, and plasma leptin, elevated fasting blood glucose levels, impaired glucose and insulin tolerance, despite hyperleptinemia, plasma C-reactive protein concentration decreased in PRED rats. Immunohistochemistry revealed elevated collagen IV protein expression in the glomeruli, and Lcn2 mRNA expression increased, while Il-1β mRNA expression decreased in both the renal cortex and medulla in PRED vs. CON rats. Kidney histology, urinary protein excretion, plasma creatinine, glomerular Feret diameter, desmin protein expression and cortical and medullary mRNA expression of TGF-β1, Nrf2, PPARγ were similar in CON and PRED rats. Reduced AMPKα phosphorylation of the autophagy regulator Akt was the first sign of liver damage, while serum lipid and liver enzyme levels were similar. In conclusion, glomerular collagen deposition and increased lipocalin-2 expression were the early signs of kidney injury, while most biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis were negative in the kidneys of obese, prediabetic rats with mild heart and liver injury.
The Draft Genome Assembly of the Critically Endangered Nyssa yunnanensis, a Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations Endemic to Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Mu Weixue , Wei Jinpu , Yang Ting , Fan Yannan , Cheng Le , Yang Jinlong , Mu Ranchang , Liu Jie , Zhao Jianming , Sun Weibang , Xu Xun , Liu Xin , Drmanac Radoje , Liu Huan
Published: August 2020

Nyssa yunnanensis is a deciduous tree species in the family Nyssaceae within the order Cornales. As only eight individual trees and two populations have been recorded in China’s Yunnan province, this species has been listed among China’s national Class I protection species since 1999 and also among 120 PSESP (Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations) in the Implementation Plan of Rescuing and Conserving China’s Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations(PSESP) (2011-2-15). Here, we present the draft genome assembly of N. yunnanensis. Using 10X Genomics linked-reads sequencing data, we carried out the de novo assembly and annotation analysis. The N. yunnanensis genome assembly is 1475 Mb in length, containing 288,519 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 length of 985.59 kb. Within the assembled genome, 799.51 Mb was identified as repetitive elements, accounting for 54.24% of the sequenced genome, and a total of 39,803 protein-coding genes were predicted. With the genomic characteristics of N. yunnanensis available, our study might facilitate future conservation biology studies to help protect this extremely threatened tree species.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Telemedicine Utilization Across Multiple Service Lines
Authors: Betancourt Jose A. , Rosenberg Matthew A. , Zevallos Ashley , Brown Jon R. , Mileski Michael
Published: August 2020

Background – The profound impact of COVID-19 on the U.S. healthcare industry cannot be overstated. Telemedicine utilization exploded virtually overnight as healthcare systems, hospitals, and clinical practices rushed to implement this delivery model to ensure accessibility and continuity of patient care access across myriad service lines and dimensions. Objective – The purpose of this systematic literature review is to examine the measures that were implemented to accommodate community and individual patient needs not only to afford access to critical services, but to also maintain safety standards for affected parties. Methods – Boolean operators were crafted with the expressed intent of identifying articles within multiple database domains germane to our chosen topic. Results – 52,206 articles were captured from a general search query and subsequently distilled to 44 through group consensus based on pertinence to our basic research question. The four health service lines identified encountered similar, surmountable obstacles in their care delivery models, but adapted accordingly to the respective needs of their patient populations. Conclusion – This review showcased the healthcare industry’s ability to rapidly acclimate and change due to the pervasive spread of COVID-19 throughout the U.S. Although imperfect, unique responses were developed within telemedicine platforms to broadly and effectively mitigate disruptions in care and treatment modalities.
PEG-delivered CRISPR-Cas9 Ribonucleoproteins System for Gene-editing Screening of Maize Protoplasts
Authors: Sant’Ana Rodrigo Ribeiro Arnt , Caprestano Clarissa Alves , Nodari Rubens Onofre , Agapito-Tenfen Sarah Zanon
Published: August 2020

CRISPR-Cas9 technology allows the modification of DNA sequences in vivo at the location of interest. Although CRISPR-Cas9 can produce genomic changes that do not require DNA vector carriers, the use of transgenesis for stable integration of DNA coding for gene-editing tools into plant genomes is still the most used approach and it can generate unintended transgenic integrations, while Cas9 prolonged expression can increase cleavage at off-target sites. In addition, the selection of genetically modified cells from millions of treated cells, especially plant cells, is still challenging. These downfalls can be avoided with the delivery of preassembled ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) composed of purified recombinant enzyme Cas9 and in vitro- transcribed guide RNA (gRNA) molecules in a protoplast system. We therefore aimed to develop the first DNA-free protocol for gene-editing in maize and introduced RNPs into their protoplasts with PEG 4000. We performed effective transformation of maize protoplasts using different gRNAs sequences targeting the inositol phosphate kinase gene and applying two different exposure times to RNPs. Using low-cost Sanger sequencing protocol, we observed an efficiency rate of 0.85 up to 5.85%, which is equivalent to DNA-free protocols used in other plant species. A positive correlation was displayed between exposure time and mutation frequency. Mutation frequency was gRNA sequence- and exposure time-dependent. In summary, we demonstrated the suitability of RNP transfection as an effective screening platform for gene-editing in maize. This efficient and relatively easy assay method for selection of gRNA suitable for editing of gene of interest will be highly useful for genome editing in maize, since genome size and GC-content are large and high in maize genome, respectively. Nevertheless, the large amplitude of mutations at target site requires scrutiny when checking mutations at off-target sites and potential safety concerns.
Lipid Profile, Lipoprotein Subfractions, and Fluidity of Membranes in Children and Adolescents with Depressive Disorder: Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Katrenčíková Barbora , Vaváková Magdaléna , Waczulíková Iveta , Oravec Stanislav , Garaiova Iveta , Nagyová Zuzana , Hlaváčová Nataša , Ďuračková Zdenka , Trebatická Jana
Published: August 2020

Depressive disorder (DD) is a psychiatric disorder whose molecular basis is not fully understood. It is assumed that reduced consumption of fish and omega-3 fatty acids (FA) is associated with DD. Other lipids like total cholesterol (TCH), LDL- and HDL-cholesterols (LDL-CH, HDL-CH) also play a role in depression. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between depressive disorder symptoms and lipid profile, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol subfractions, Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activities and erythrocyte membrane fluidity in 58 depressive children and adolescents, as well as the effect of omega-3 FA on the monitored parameters. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), lipid profile by standard biochemical procedures, LDL- and HDL-subfractions by the Lipoprint system. Basic biochemical parameters including lipid profile were compared with levels in 20 healthy children and were in the physiological range. We are the first to report that omega-3 FAs increase after 12 weeks of supplementation large HDL subfractions (anti-atherogenic) and decrease small HDL subfractions (pro-atherogenic) in depressed children. We found a negative correlation between CDI score and HDL-CH and large HDL subfraction, but not LDL-CH subfractions. CDI score was not associated with erythrocyte membrane fluidity. Our results suggest that HDL-CH and its subfractions, but not LDL-CH may play a role in the pathophysiology of depressive disorder.
The Molecular Interactome of the Centriole, Cell Cycle and Ciliary Proteins Modulates Cell Mass Growth and Structural Organization During Development in Metazoans
Authors: OJ Roopasree , . Adivitiya , Chakraborty Soura , Kateriya Suneel , Veleri Shobi
Published: August 2020

Metazoans have an elaborate and functionally segmented body. It evolves from a single cell by systematic divisions. Metazoans attain structural complexity with exquisite precision, which is a molecular mystery. The indispensable role of centrioles in cell division and ciliogenesis can shed insight into this riddle. Cell division helps in growth of the body and is a highly regulated and integrated process. Its errors cause malignancies. The cell mass is organized during organogenesis. Prior to it, the centrioles are retrieved from the cell cycle to initiate ciliogenesis. The cilia-modulated developmental signaling pathways elaborate the body plan. The secluded compartment of the cilium reduces noise during signaling and is essential for a precise body plan development. The dysfunctional centrioles and cilia can distort body plan. Thus, centriole has a dual role in growth and cellular organization. This concept review analyses the comprehensive interactome and the key domain features (like C2 domain) of molecules which connect and disarm the centriole from the cell cycle and ciliogenesis by switching on or off the essential regulators of the pathways. The concentration of these signaling pathways at the centriole reinforces the hypothesis that centriole is the molecular workstation to carve out structural design and complexity in metazoans.
The History of Domesticated Dogs in the Americas
Authors: Segura V. , Geiger Madeleine , Monson Tesla A. , Flores D. , Sánchez-Villagra Marcelo R.
Published: August 2020

Records of domestic dogs in the Americas include specimens from North American sites dating as far back as 10,000 to 8,400 ybp and from the Andes of South America from 5,600-5,000 ybp. Dogs accompanied humans in several migrations from Asia to America BCE, as revealed by different haplotypes reported from ancient DNA studies. Dog acquisition by Amazonian cultures began towards the end of the nineteenth century. Pre-Columbian size and shape diversity in North America is first recorded around 4,000 ybp, with varieties such as the hairless, short nosed and loberro dogs. The humped kind may represent a phenotype associated with mutations in the myostatin gene. Pre-Columbian forms from the Andes included a shepherd-like, hairless, dachshund-like, bulldog, shortened snout and long snout kinds. More than 41 domestic dog breeds that originated in the Americas are currently recognized by kennel clubs. Some records previously attributed to domestic dogs are from other canids, such as Dusicyon avus. Hybridization with wolves and coyotes may have been an old practice contributing genetic diversity to pre and post-Columbian American dogs. Archaeological, historical, and ethnographic records reveal dogs being used for hunting, transport, food, rituals, company, and defense. The Coast Salish First Nations exploited so-called woolly dogs for manufacturing blankets, with practices associated with their care and marine food diet, as documented by isotopic studies and accounts from the beginning of the nineteenth century.
Fine-Tuning of GLI Activity Through Arginine Methylation: Its Mechanisms and Function
Authors: Abe Yoshinori , Tanaka Nobuyuki
Published: August 2020

The glioma-associated oncogene (GLI) family consists of GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3 in mammals, and is the effector in the Hedgehog signaling pathway. This family has important roles in the development and homeostasis of various tissues. To achieve these roles, the GLI family has widespread outputs. GLI activity is therefore strictly regulated at multiple levels, including via post-translational modifications for context-dependent GLI target gene expression. Conversely, dysregulated GLI activation has strong links with a variety of cancers. The protein arginine methyl transferase (PRMT) family is also associated with embryogenesis, homeostasis, and cancer via epigenetic modifications and signal transduction. In the PRMT family, PRMT1, PRMT5, and PRMT7 reportedly regulate GLI1 and GLI2 activity. PRMT1 methylates GLI1 to upregulate its activity and target gene expression. Cytoplasmic PRMT5 methylates GLI1 and is involved in GLI1 protein stabilization. In contrast, nucleic PRMT5 interacts with MENIN to suppress growth arrest-specific protein 1 expression, which assists Hedgehog ligand binding to Patched, indirectly resulting in downregulated GLI1 activity. PRMT7-mediated GLI2 methylation upregulates its activity through the dissociation of GLI2 and Suppressor of Fused. Therefore, PRMT1, PRMT5, and PRMT7 regulate GLI activity at multiple levels, and PRMT-mediated GLI dysregulation may be involved in cancer formation.
Hydrogen Peroxide Detection by Super-Porous Hybrid CuO/Pt NP Platform: Improved Sensitivity and Selectivity
Authors: Kulkarni Rakesh , Kunwar Sundar , Mandavkar Rutuja , Jeong Jae−Hun , Lee Jihoon
Published: August 2020

A super-porous hybrid platform can offer significantly increased number of reaction sites for the analytes and thus can offer advantages in the biosensor applications. In this work, a significantly improved sensitivity and selectivity of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) cancer sensor is demonstrated by a super-porous hybrid CuO/Pt NP platform. The super-porous hybrid platform is fabricated by a physiochemical approach combining the physical vapor deposition of Pt NPs and electrochemical deposition of super-porous CuO structures by adopting a dynamic hydrogen bubble technique. Under an optimized condition, the hybrid CuO/Pt biosensor demonstrates a very high sensitivity of 2,205 µA/mM∙cm2 and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 140 nM with a wide range of H2O2 detection. This is meaningfully improved performance as compared to the CuO-based H2O2 sensors as well as to the previously reported metal oxide based H2O2 sensors. The hybrid CuO/Pt platform exhibits excellent selectivity against other interfering molecules such as glucose, fructose, dopamine, and ascorbic acid. Due to the synergetic effect of highly porous CuO structures and underlying Pt NPs, the CuO/Pt architecture offers extremely abundant active sites for the H2O2 reduction and electron transfer pathways.
Role of the Cation-chloride-cotransporters in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Meor Azlan Nur Farah , Zhang Jinwei
Published: August 2020

The SLC12 family of cation-chloride-cotransporters (CCCs), comprising potassium chloride cotransporters (KCCs)-mediated Cl- extrusion relative to sodium chloride cotransporters (NKCCs)-mediated Cl- loading, play vital roles in cell volume regulation and ion homeostasis. These functions of the CCCs influence a variety of physiological processes, many of which overlap with the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Although not all of the cotransporters have been linked to Mendelian genetic disorders, recent studies have provided new insights into their functional role in vascular and renal cells along with their contribution to cardiovascular diseases. Particularly, an imbalance in potassium levels promote the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and disturbances in sodium homeostasis are one of the causes of hypertension. Recent findings even suggest hypothalamic signalling as a key signalling pathway in the pathophysiology of hypertension. In this review, we summarize and discuss the role of CCCs in cardiovascular disease with particular emphasis on knowledge gained in recent years on NKCCs and KCCs.
Impacts of Coronavirus on Farm, Pet, and Zoo Animals
Authors: Subedi Sachin , Koirala Sulove , Chai Lilong
Published: August 2020

Coronaviruses are positive sense RNA virus belonging to the Coronaviridae family, which are further subdivided into four genera: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta Coronaviruses. Infectious bronchitis virus and SARS-CoV belong to Beta Coronaviridae family. Infectious bronchitis virus causes respiratory and nephritic signs that includes tracheal rales, urate crystals, lethargy and nasal discharge. In livestock and pets, the Coronavirus infection causes mostly gastrointestinal lesions, which may be prevented through vaccination and biosecurity. Recent infections of SARS-CoV-2 (also known as COVID-19) on farm, pet, and zoo animals were summarized in this study. Although the damage of COVID-19 has not been reported in commercial livestock and poultry, the transmission mechanism of COVID-19 among group animals and farms are not still clear. The impact of Coronavirus on animals and potential prevention strategies, such as vaccine development and farm biosecurity measures, were discussed. Before the right vaccine is successfully marketed, biosecurity measures (e.g., conventional disinfection strategies and innovated technologies) may play roles in preventing potential airborne transmission.
Classification of actual sensor network deployments in research studies from 2013 to 2017
Authors: Nesenbergs Krisjanis , Judvaitis Janis , Mednis Artis , Abolins Valters , Skadins Ansis , Lapsa Didzis , Rava Raimonds , Ivanovs Maksims
Published: August 2020

Due to breakthroughs in embedded system development, sensing technologies, and ubiquitous connectivity in recent years, technologies such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT) have captured the imagination of researchers, businesses, and general public. That resulted in the emergence of an enormous, difficult-to-navigate body of work related to WSN and IoT. To highlight trends and developments in these technologies and to see whether they are actually deployed rather than subjects of theoretical research with presumed potential use cases, we gathered and codified a dataset of scientific publications from a 5-year period from 2013 to 2017 involving actual sensor network deployments. In the first iteration, 15010 potentially relevant articles were identified in SCOPUS and Web of Science databases; after two iterations, 3059 actual sensor network deployments were extracted from those articles and classified in a consistent way according to different categories such as type of nodes, field of application, communication types, etc. We publish the resulting dataset with the intent that its further analysis may identify prospective research fields and future trends in WSN and IoT.
Analysis of Age-Based Bone Mineral Density in the Koran Adult population using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Lee Jung Chul , Lee Hee-Joo , Park Jaeyong
Published: August 2020

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) measuring tool is a reliable and accurate technology to measure bone density and bone mineral composition. This research examined the composition and bone density (bone mineral composition and bone mineral density) of the whole body and representative body parts using DEXA. The participants were 240 healthy adult men and women who were divided into three groups based on age. The total bone mineral density (BMD) of women amounted to an average of 1.14 g/㎠ in Group A, 1.14 g/㎠ in Group B, and 0.98 g/㎠ in Group C. For men, the average BMD was 1.25 g/㎠ in Group A, 1.20 g/㎠ in Group B, and 1.17 g/㎠ in Group C. As a result, the reduction of age-specific BMD was shown to have a correlation with aging and body mass index(BMI), and it is determined that exercising on a regular basis can prevent reduction in BMD by maintaining appropriate muscle mass.
Immune Escape Mechanisms and their Clinical Relevance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Seliger Barbara , Massa Chiara , Yang Bo , Bethmann Daniel , Kappler Matthias , Eckert Alexander Walter , Wickenhauser Claudia
Published: August 2020

Immunotherapy has been recently approved for the treatment of relapsed and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the response of patients is limited and the overall survival remains short with a low rate of long-term survivors. There exists growing evidence that immune escape mechanisms play an important role for the low efficacy of immunotherapies in this disease. These are caused by diverse complex processes characterized by (i) changes in the expression of immune modulatory factors in tumour cells, (ii) alterations in the frequency and composition of immune cell subpopulations in the tumour microenvironment and peripheral blood leading to reduced innate and adaptive immune responses, (iii) impaired homing of immune cells to the tumour site as well as (iv) the presence of immune suppressive soluble and physical factors in the tumour microenvironment. We here summarize the major immune escape strategies of HNSCC lesions, the role of the tumor microenvironment in this process, the clinical relevance of HNSCC-induced immune tolerance, currently employed immunotherapeutic approaches and possibilities to overcome resistance to immunotherapy thereby improving the HNSCC patients’ survival.
Ancestor Worshiping Beliefs in the Beliefs and Religion Life of Vietnamese People: Nature, Values, and Changes of it in the Current Period
Authors: Trong Long Nguyen , Hong Van Vu
Published: August 2020

In all forms of folk beliefs, ancestor worship is a universal traditional belief form of the Vietnamese people. As a Vietnamese people, “everyone worships their ancestors, everyone worships their parents and grandparent”. Ancestor worship is a common belief in the whole country. It is a belief that expresses the deeply humanistic spirit of the Vietnamese people and has great values in human life. So, what is the nature of ancestor worship? What is the values of ancestor worship in life? And in the context of globalization, how has this the belief changed? This study focuses on analyzing the above contents, thereby highlighting the value of this belief in the spiritual life of Vietnamese people; to point out the positive and negative changes of this belief in the current period; from that, take the right measures to bring into play the positive and limit the negative side of those changes in the spiritual life of Vietnamese people.
Advances and Perspectives of Light-gated Phosphodiesterases for Optogenetic Applications
Authors: Tian Yuehui , Yang Shang , Gao Shiqiang
Published: August 2020

Second messengers, cyclic adenosine 3'-5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine 3'-5'-monophosphate (cGMP) are playing important roles in many animal cells by regulating intracellular signaling pathways and modulating cell physiology. Environmental cues like temperature, light and chemical compounds can stimulate cell surface receptors and trigger the generation of second messengers and the following regulations. Spread of cAMP and cGMP is further shaped by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) for orchestration of intracellular microdomain signaling. However, localized intracellular cAMP and cGMP signaling requires further investigation. Optogenetic manipulation of cAMP and cGMP offers new opportunities of spatio-temporally precise study of their signaling mechanism. Light-gated nucleotide cyclases are well developed and applied for cAMP/cGMP manipulation. Recently discovered rhodopsin phosphodiesterase gene from protists established new and direct biological connection between light and PDEs. Light-regulated PDEs are under development and of demand to complete the toolkit of cAMP/cGMP manipulation. In this review, we summarize the state of the art, pros and cons of artificial and natural light-regulated PDEs and discuss potential new strategies of developing light-gated PDEs for optogenetic manipulation.
The Interaction between Internet, Sustainable Development, and Emergence of Society 5.0
Authors: Roblek Vasja , Meško Maja , Bach Mirjana Pejić , Thorpe Oshane , Šprajc Polona
Published: August 2020

(1) Background: The importance of this article is to analyze the technological developments in the field of the Internet and Internet technologies and to determine their significance for the sustainable development which will result in the emergence of the Society 5.0; (2) The authors used automated content analysis for the analysis of 552 articles published in 306 scientific journals indexed by SCII and/or SCI - EXPANDED (Web of Science (WOS) platform) between the years 1996 and 4/2020. The goal of the research was to present the relationship between the internet and sustainable development. (3) Results: The results of the analysis show that the top four most important themes in the selected journals were “development”, “information”, “data”, and “business and services”. (4) Conclusions: Our research approach emphasizes the importance of the culmination of scientific innovation with the conceptual, technological and contextual frameworks of the internet and internet technology usage and its impact on sustainable development and emergence of the Society 5.0
Developing the Geospatial Big Data Benchmark: A Comparative Framework for Evaluating Raster Analysis on Big Data Platforms
Authors: Haynes David , Mitchell Philip , Shook Eric
Published: August 2020

Technologies around the world produce and interact with geospatial data instantaneously, from mobile web applications to satellite imagery that is collected and processed across the globe daily. Big raster data allows researchers to integrate and uncover new knowledge about geospatial patterns and processes. However, we are also at a critical moment, as we have an ever-growing number of big data platforms that are being co-opted to support spatial analysis. A gap in the literature is the lack of a robust framework to assess the capabilities of geospatial analysis on big data platforms. This research begins to address this issue by establishing a geospatial benchmark that employs freely accessible datasets to provide a comprehensive comparison across big data platforms. The benchmark is a critical for evaluating the performance of spatial operations on big data platforms. It provides a common framework to compare existing platforms as well as evaluate new platforms. The benchmark is applied to three big data platforms and reports computing times and performance bottlenecks so that GIScientists can make informed choices regarding the performance of each platform. Each platform is evaluated for five raster operations: pixel count, reclassification, raster add, focal averaging, and zonal statistics using three different datasets.
Clinical and Laboratory Associations with Methotrexate Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: D'Cruz Leon , McEleney Kevin , Tan Kyle , Shukla Priyank , Gardiner Philip , Connolly Patricia , Conway Caroline , Cobice Diego , Gibson David S.
Published: August 2020

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA); is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease which causes loss of joint function and significantly reduces quality of life. Plasma metabolite concentrations of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can influence treatment efficacy and toxicity. This study explored the relationship between DMARD metabolising gene variants and plasma metabolite levels in RA patients. DMARD metabolite concentrations were determined by tandem mass-spectrometry in plasma samples from 100 RA patients with actively flaring disease, collected at two intervals. Taqman-probes were used to discriminate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes in cohort genomic DNA: rs246240 (ABCC1), rs1476413 (MTHFR), rs2231142 (ABCG2), rs3740065 (ABCC2), rs4149081 (SLCO1B1), rs4846051 (MTHFR), rs10280623 (ABCB1), rs16853826 (ATIC), rs17421511 (MTHFR) and rs717620 (ABCC2). Mean plasma concentrations of methotrexate (MTX) and MTX-7-OH metabolites were higher (p<0.05, C.I. 95%) at baseline in rs4149081 GA genotype patients. Patients with rs1476413 SNP TT or CT alleles in the have significantly higher (p<0.001, 95% C.I) plasma poly-glutamate metabolites at both study time points and correspondingly elevated disease activity scores. Patients with the rs17421511 SNP AA allele reported significantly lower pain scores (p<0.05, 95% C.I.) at both study intervals. Genotyping strategies could help prioritise treatments to RA patients most likely to gain clinical benefit, whilst minimizing toxicity.
Is Continuous ECG Recording on Heart Rate Monitors the Most Expected Function by Endurance Athletes, Coaches, and Doctors?
Authors: Gajda Robert
Published: August 2020

Heart Rate Monitors (HRMs) are an indispensable tool for controlling training parameters of healthy athletes. They became a source of information about stress heart rhythm disturbances, recognized as unexpected increases in heart rate (HR), which can be life-threatening for athletes. Most HRMs do not recognize the type of arrhythmia, confusing them with artifacts. The aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of ECG recording functions by sports HRMs among endurance athletes, coaches, and physicians in comparison with other basic and hypothetical functions. We conducted 3 surveys among endurance athletes (76 runners, 14 cyclists, and 10 triathletes), as well as 10 coaches and 10 sports doctors to obtain information on how important ECG recording is, and what functions of HRMs should be improved to meet their expectations in the future. The respondents were asked questions regarding use and hypothetical functions, as well as preference for HRM type (optical/strap). For athletes, the 4 most important functions were distance traveled, pace, instant heart rate, and information about reaching the oxygen threshold. ECG recording was the 8th and 9th most important for momentary and continuous, respectively. Coaches opined more importance to ECG recording. Doctors placed ECG recording as most important. All participants preferred optical HRMs to strap HRMs. Research on the improvement and implementation of HRM functions shows slightly different preferences of athletes compared to coaches and doctors. Suspected arrhythmia increases the value of the HRM’s ability to record ECGs during training by athletes and coaches. For doctors, this is the most desirable feature in any situation. Considering the expectations of all groups continuous ECG recording during training will significantly improve the safety of athletes.
Weak Deflection Angle of Black-bounce Traversable Wormholes Using Gauss-Bonnet Theorem in the Dark Matter Medium
Authors: Övgün Ali
Published: August 2020

In this paper, first we use the optical metrics of black-bounce traversable wormholes to calculate the Gaussian curvature. Then we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem to obtain the weak deflection angle of light from the black-bounce traversable wormholes. Then we investigate the effect of dark matter medium on weak deflection angle using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem. We show how weak deflection angle of wormhole is affected by the bounce parameter $a$. Using the Gauss-bonnet theorem for calculating weak deflection angle shows us that light bending can be thought as a global and topological effect.
Part 2: Odor-Cued Grab Sampling of Transient Environmental Odor Events; Mapping the 'Rolling Unmasking Effect' of Downwind Odor Dispersion
Authors: Wright Donald , Koziel Jacek , Parker David , Iwasinska Anna
Published: August 2020

Downwind odor characteristics can be very different depending upon the size of the upwind point-source, interim topography, and wind conditions. At one extreme, the downwind odor plume from a relatively large, confined animal feeding operation (CAFO), located on a flat open plain and under stable, near-straight-line wind conditions can be rather broad, sustained and predictable relative to a fixed receptor site downwind. In contrast, the plume from a small point-source (e.g., a roof vent stack) located on irregular topography and under rapidly shifting wind conditions can be intermittent and fleeting. These transient odor events can be surprisingly intense and offensive, in spite of their fleeting occurrence and perception. This work reports on efforts to optimize an environmental odor sampling strategy, which is optimized for the challenges of (1) sampling of such transient odor 'spikes' and (2) the prioritization of odors/odorants from multiple, closely co-located point-sources, under such transient event conditions. Protocol refinement has emerged by way of 2 environmental odor assessment projects which have been undertaken on behalf of the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. The challenge of transient odor events has been mitigated utilizing rapid, odor cued whole-air grab capture sampling into metalized-FEP gas sampling bags, followed by immediate adsorption transfer onto SPME fibers or sorbent tubes for stabilization during the shipment and storage interval between collection and final analysis. Initial results demonstrated approximately 11 fold increases in target odorant yields for 900 mL sorbent tube transfers from 2-3 second 'burst' odor event bag-captures, as compared to equivalent direct collections at the same downwind receptor location but during perceived (stable) odor 'lull' periods. Results-to-date targeting refinement and field trials of this integrated environmental odor assessment strategy are presented. Preliminary application targeting general odor sampling and point-source differentiation utilizing tracer gases is also presented.