bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using stakeholders’ experiences to redesign health services for persons living with heart failure: a case study protocol in a Swedish cardiac care setting
Authors: Suutari Anne-Marie , Nordin Annika , Kjellström Sofia , Thor Johan , Areskoug Josefsson Kristina
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Clinical guidelines promote recognising persons with heart failure (referred to as PWHF) as coproducers of their own care. Coproduction of healthcare—involving PWHF, families and professionals in care processes—aims to promote the best possible health. Still, it is unclear how to coproduce heart failure (HF) care. This study explores whether and how Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) involving PWHF, family members and professionals can be undertaken online, in a Swedish cardiac care setting, to codesign improved experiences of HF care.

Methods and analysis

In EBCD, stakeholders’ experiences are solicited to redesign healthcare services. First, we will undertake a thematic analysis of field notes from consultations and filmed/audio-recorded interviews with PWHF (n=10–12). This analysis will identify ‘touchpoints’ (emotionally positive/negative events that shape overall service experiences), edited into a ‘trigger film’. Next, a thematic analysis of family members’ (n=10–12) and professionals’ (n=10–12) interviews will identify key themes mirroring their experiences. Separate feedback events with each stakeholder group will confirm identified touchpoints and key themes and identify areas for HF care improvement. At a joint event, prompted by the ‘trigger film’, stakeholders will agree on one area for HF care improvement. A team including PWHF, family members and professionals, led by an improvement adviser, will then plan, design, implement and evaluate an improvement activity addressing the identified problem area. A deductive thematic analysis of field notes, project documentation and stakeholder focus group interviews, underpinned byMUSIQ, will identify how organisational conditions influence the process. Quantitative measurements, describing the results of the improvement activity, will be integrated with qualitative data to strengthen the case. To reduce resource intensity, we will use online tools during the process.

Ethics and dissemination

The Swedish Ethical Review Authority approved the study in May 2021. The results will be disseminated through seminars, conference presentations and publications.
Systematic review of diagnostic and prognostic models of chronic kidney disease in low-income and middle-income countries
Authors: Aparcana-Granda Diego J , Ascencio Edson J , Carrillo Larco Rodrigo M
Published: March 2022

Objective

To summarise available chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnostic and prognostic models in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Method

Systematic review (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines). We searched Medline, EMBASE, Global Health (these three through OVID), Scopus and Web of Science from inception to 9 April 2021, 17 April 2021 and 18 April 2021, respectively. We first screened titles and abstracts, and then studied in detail the selected reports; both phases were conducted by two reviewers independently. We followed the CHecklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modelling Studies recommendations and used the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool for risk of bias assessment.

Results

The search retrieved 14 845 results, 11 reports were studied in detail and 9 (n=61 134) were included in the qualitative analysis. The proportion of women in the study population varied between 24.5% and 76.6%, and the mean age ranged between 41.8 and 57.7 years. Prevalence of undiagnosed CKD ranged between 1.1% and 29.7%. Age, diabetes mellitus and sex were the most common predictors in the diagnostic and prognostic models. Outcome definition varied greatly, mostly consisting of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The highest performance metric was the negative predictive value. All studies exhibited high risk of bias, and some had methodological limitations.

Conclusion

There is no strong evidence to support the use of a CKD diagnostic or prognostic model throughout LMIC. The development, validation and implementation of risk scores must be a research and public health priority in LMIC to enhance CKD screening to improve timely diagnosis.
Hypnosis and music interventions for anxiety, pain, sleep and well-being in palliative care: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bissonnette Josiane , Dumont Emilie , Pinard Anne-Marie , Landry Mathieu , Rainville Pierre , Ogez David
Published: March 2022

Background

Maintaining quality of life is a primary goal of palliative care (PC). Complementary interventions can help meet the needs of patients at the end of life.

Objectives

This meta-analysis aims to (1) evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and fidelity of music and hypnosis interventions designed for patients in PC and (2) evaluate the impact of these interventions on pain, anxiety, sleep and well-being.

Methods

Relevant studies were sourced from major databases. We selected both randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and studies relying on pre–post design with details of the intervention(s).

Results

Four RCT and seven non-randomised pre–post studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the feasibility and acceptability of the interventions reached an adequate level of satisfaction. However, only three studies reported using a written protocol. The meta-analysis of RCT indicated a significant decrease in pain with an effect size of −0.42, p=0.003. The small number of RCT studies did not allow us to quantify the effects for other variables. Analyses of data from pre–post designs indicated a favourable outcome for pain, anxiety, sleep and well-being.

Conclusion

Despite the limited number of studies included in our meta-analysis, hypnosis and music intervention in the context of PC shows promising results in terms of feasibility and acceptability, as well as improvements on pain, anxiety, sleep and well-being. The available studies are insufficient to compare the efficacy across interventions and assess the potential benefits of their combinations. These results underscore the importance of further research on well-described complementary interventions relying on hypnosis and music.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD-42021236610.
Mean Field Game Model for an Advertising Competition in a Duopoly
Authors: Carmona René , Dayanıklı Gökçe
Published: March 2022

In this study, we analyze an advertising competition in a duopoly. We consider two different notions of equilibrium. We model the companies in the duopoly as major players, and the consumers as minor players. In our first game model, we identify Nash Equilibrium (NE) between all the players. Next we frame the model to lead to the search for Multi-Leader–Follower Nash Equilibrium (MLF-NE). This approach is reminiscent of Stackelberg games in the sense that the major players design their advertisement policies assuming that the minor players are rational and settle in a Nash Equilibrium among themselves. This rationality assumption reduces the competition between the major players to a two-player game. After solving these two models for the notions of equilibrium, we analyze the similarities and differences of the two different sets of equilibria.
A Personal, Portable Electric Circuit Lab
Authors: Bredow J. , von Petersenn P. , Ziese M.
Published: March 2022

A portable setup consisting of a USB oscilloscope, an Arduino board and accessories is used for performing electricity experiments encountered in physics education: the AC response of circuits, charging/discharging of capacitors as well as inductive coupling between circuits. For documentation, analysis and plotting of the data, Jupyter notebooks are used as electronic lab-books. A range of typical experiments is presented in order to show the versatility of the setup and the lab-book. We strongly argue in favor of such portable measurement solutions in order to give students the possibility to do in-depth experiments outside the traditional laboratory classes.
Static and Dynamic Progressive Geospatial Interlinking
Authors: Papadakis George , Mandilaras George , Mamoulis Nikos , Koubarakis Manolis
Published: March 2022

Geospatial data constitute a considerable part of Semantic Web data, but at the moment, its sources are insufficiently interlinked with topological relations in the Linked Open Data cloud. Geospatial Interlinking aims to cover this gap through space tiling techniques, which significantly restrict the search space. Yet, the state-of-the-art techniques operate exclusively in a batch manner that produces results only after processing all their geometries. In this work, we address this issue by defining the task of Progressive Geospatial Interlinking, which produces results in a pay-as-you-go manner when the available computational or temporal resources are limited. We propose a static progressive algorithm, which employs a fixed processing order, and a dynamic one, whose processing order is updated whenever new topological relations are discovered. We equip both algorithms with a series of weighting schemes and explain how they can be adapted to massive parallelization with Apache Spark. We conduct a thorough experimental study over six large, real datasets, demonstrating the superiority of our techniques over the current state-of-the-art. Special care is also taken to analyze the performance of the various weighting schemes.
Deep Learning in Computational Linguistics for Chinese Language Translation
Authors: Feng Hailin , Xie Shuxuan , Wei Wei , Lv Haibin , Lv Zhihan
Published: March 2022

Applying artificial intelligence to Chinese language translation in computational linguistics is of practical significance for economic boosts and cultural exchanges. In the present work, the bi-directional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network is employed to extract Chinese text features regarding the overlapping semantic roles in Chinese language translation and hard-to-converge training of high-dimensional text word vectors in text classification during translation. In addition, AlexNet is optimized to extract the local features of the text and meanwhile update and learn network parameters in the deep network. Then, the attention mechanism is introduced to build a forecasting algorithm of Chinese language translation based on BiLSTM and improved AlexNet. Last, the forecasting algorithm is simulated to validate its performance. Some state-of-the-art algorithms are selected for a comparative experiment, including long short-term memory, regions with convolutional neural network features, AlexNet, and support vector machine. Results demonstrate that the forecasting algorithm proposed here can achieve a feature identification accuracy of 90.55%, at least an improvement of 4.24% over other algorithms. In addition, it provides an area under the curve of above 90%, a training duration of about 54.21 seconds, and a test duration of about 19.07 seconds. Regarding the performance of Chinese language translation, the algorithm proposed here provides a bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU) value of 28.21 on the training set, with a performance gain ratio reaching 111.55%; on the test set, its BLEU reaches 40.45, with a performance gain ratio of 129.80%. Hence, this forecasting algorithm is notably superior to other algorithms, which can enhance the machine translation performance. Through experiments, the Chinese language translation algorithm constructed here improves translation performance while ensuring a high correct identification rate, providing experimental references for the later intelligent development of Chinese language translation in computational linguistics.
A Corpus-Based and Fuzzy Assessment-Based Study of Labels in Spoken English
Authors: Jiang Wei
Published: March 2022

Label English is common in spoken English, but for most English learners, it is difficult to use and express labels correctly and appropriately. This is mainly due to their lack of understanding of this expression. Label English is equivalent to Chinese grammar, using different markup components to form a complete sentence. In this paper, five tags commonly used by native English speakers, namely, or something, or something, and so on, and that, and everything, will be studied. Through the method of fuzzy evaluation, it illustrates the use of labels by Chinese English learners and the similarities and differences between Chinese English learners and native English speakers. Corpus is a product of language research and corresponding computer technology. It is a model of the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in language research. It makes its due contribution to revealing the essence of language and can provide scientific basis for language research. Based on the above background, the purpose of this paper is to study tags in spoken English through corpus and vague evaluation. And the top five tags are retrieved in CLEC and LOB. Then, the frequency of occurrence is counted. Finally, the variance of each label is calculated by using the method of fuzzy evaluation, to determine whether there are significant differences between the two corpuses. The fuzzy evaluation method can make the results clear and systematic, can better solve the vague and difficult to quantify problems, and is suitable for solving various non-deterministic problems. The results show that besides “and so on,” Chinese English learners use labels less frequently than native English speakers. In terms of structure, both of them adopt the prototype of tags, but most Chinese learners misuse some of their own tags. The main reasons for this phenomenon are mother tongue transfer and inadequate pragmatic competence. In contrast, native English speakers use tags more frequently. In terms of usage form, the prototypes of the above five tags are used, but there are also variants, mainly in the form of expansion and lexical variants. The 106 tagged words found in CLEC were searched one by one in COLSEC. It was found that only 19 expressions appeared in the corpus, with a total frequency of only 271 and a standard frequency of 371. The total frequency of this type of expression in LOB is 11072 times, and the standard frequency is 1055 times. In addition, these expressions also have the pragmatic functions of inference, reinforcement, and compliance.
Research and Implementation of Turbo Coding Technology in High-Speed Underwater Acoustic OFDM Communication
Authors: Yang Yarang , Li Yunpeng
Published: March 2022

It is demonstrated that the fully parallel turbo decoding algorithm can achieve an approximate error correction decoding performance when 36 iterations are used and when the log-map algorithm with 6 iterations is used. By comparison, it is shown that it can achieve much higher decoding rates than the log-map algorithm for various frame lengths of LTE standard turbo codes at the cost of higher hardware resource requirements. According to the fully parallel turbo decoding algorithm, this paper proposes a scheme for implementing a fully parallel turbo decoder on FPGA, detailing the overall structure and processing of the decoder hardware implementation, the design of the algorithm block processing unit, and the interleaving module. The performance of the decoder is tested by fixed-point simulation for different frame lengths of turbo coding in LTE standard, and it is proved that the fully parallel turbo decoder can be applied to turbo coding of various frame lengths. Both simulation and experimental results show that the distributed cancellation method and the joint estimation cancellation method have good results for both time-domain impulse noise and large-amplitude single frequency noise cancellation, while the joint estimation cancellation method of large-amplitude single frequency noise cancellation first has better performance.
Multimodality Imaging for the Evaluation of an Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma Presenting as Cardioembolic Stroke
Authors: Escárcega Ricardo O. , Bailey David , DeFrain Michael P.
Published: March 2022

Background. Cancer and ischemic stroke are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Hypercoagulability, disseminated intravascular coagulation, venous-to-arterial embolism, and non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis are among recognized mechanisms. Emboli to the brain, or to other organs, are known to occur as a consequence of liberated thrombotic debris originating from the thrombogenic surface of intracardiac neoplastic entities. The most common primary malignancy of the heart is sarcoma; however, masses that occur in the heart are 20 to 40 times more likely as a consequence of metastasis from other sites. Case Report. A 67-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with two brief episodes of dizziness and diplopia for 2 minutes. She had a medical history of provoked upper extremity DVT after a fracture, hypothyroidism, hyperlipidemia, and soft tissue sarcoma. The sarcoma was initially diagnosed in, and subsequently resected from, the right triceps muscle. During posttreatment surveillance, a second lesion was discovered in the left upper pulmonary lobe, and this was also completely resected 9 months following initial diagnosis. We present a case of a woman with a tertiary (cardiac) site sarcoma that presented with embolic stroke. Conclusion. Our case highlights the benefits of multimodality imaging, heart-team approach with oncology support to define anatomy, thereby enable surgical treatment, of a complex intracardiac lesion.
Research on Both the Classification and Quality Control Methods of the Car Seat Backrest Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Sun Shengnan , Huang Jipeng , Zhu Juan , Yu Yan , Zheng Luyao
Published: March 2022

In order to solve the problems of slow manual inspection speed and low fault detection accuracy of car seat back parts, this article using Q company’s car seat back parts researches and designs a car seat back classification and quality inspection screening system. Firstly, SURF (speeded up robust features) is combined with the CNN (convolutional neural network) to classify three types of car seat backrests: A, B, and C. Then, to establish the spring hook angle detection model of the car seat back to detect the misfitting and omission of the Class A car seat back springs, experimental results showed that the neural network-based car seat back detection method proposed in this paper had a feature point mismatch rate, which is less than 1.5% in the classification and recognition of car seat backs. The recognition rate of the training sample was 100% and that of the test sample was 99.56%. The accuracy rate of detection when inspecting 50 car seat backrests reached 98%, and the test results showed that the system can effectively reduce labor costs and improve the detection efficiency of auto parts.
Healthcare Providers’ Perspective about the Use of Telemedicine in Egypt: A National Survey
Authors: Alboraie Mohamed , Abdalgaber Mohammad , Youssef Naglaa , Moaz Inas , Abdeen Nermeen , Abosheaishaa Hazem Maarouf , Shokry Mina Tharwat , El-Raey Fathiya , Asfour Sabry Shaaban , Abdeldayem Waleed A. , Hassan Adel Ahmed , Mahran Essam Eldeen M.o. , Tag-Adeen Mohammed , Elshaarawy Omar , Radwan Mohamed Ibrahim , Altonbary Ahmed , Fouad Yasser
Published: March 2022

Incorporation of telemedicine in general clinical practice is becoming a compelling need nowadays in the context of COVID-19 pandemic and its consequent burdens on the healthcare systems. Though telemedicine appears to be appealing and carries a lot of advantages, yet it is still faced by many challenges and barriers especially in developing countries. Our aim was to explore the impression of healthcare providers about telemedicine and its applicability in clinical practice in Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare providers from different Egyptian governorates through a web-based survey. The survey gathered information about demographic, socioeconomic features of the enrolled healthcare participants; their knowledge, previous experience, impression about telemedicine, advantages of telemedicine over traditional medical services, barriers that may face telemedicine, and additional services that can be provided by telemedicine were also explored. Our study enrolled 642 healthcare providers from all over Egypt, 43.77% were females, of which 55.5% were physicians, 27.3% were nurses, 6.1% were technicians, 7.6% were administrative clerks, and 3.6% were medical directors. Sixty-four percent of participants reported that they have never used telemedicine. Smartphones were the most commonly used mean in the group who used telemedicine (65%), and smartphone applications were the favorable telemedicine service for about 50% of participants. Participants assumed that the use of telemedicine might not have a negative effect on the doctor-patient relationship but raised some concerns regarding the privacy and security of patients’ data. Despite the fact that telemedicine appears to be appealing and widely accepted by healthcare providers, yet still, its implementation is confronted by some obstacles. Precise organizational guidelines need to be developed to clearly figure out the exact role of each healthcare provider to minimize their doubtfulness about telemedicine and to facilitate its adoption.
Multidimensional Discrete Big Data Clustering Algorithm Based on Dynamic Grid
Authors: Li Xiaolei
Published: March 2022

Traditionally, the data clustering algorithm is lack of comprehensive performance, leading to low clustering purity and long clustering time. In addition, the consistency between the clustering results and the original data distribution is not strong. Therefore, the multidimensional discrete big data clustering algorithm based on dynamic grid was put forward. Firstly, multidimensional discrete big data was processed in advance. The principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimension of data. The concept of entropy was introduced to divide the key attributes and noncritical attributes, so as to extract the key attributes. According to the results of data preprocessing, the dynamic grid was partitioned. According to the results, OptiGrid in data clustering algorithm was used to achieve the data clustering. The experimental results show that the clustering purity of this algorithm is between 95% and 100%, which is significantly higher than the traditional algorithm. Therefore, the multidimensional discrete big data clustering algorithm based on dynamic grid has better comprehensive performance, closer clustering shape to the original data distribution, higher clustering purity, and faster execution efficiency.
A Contrastive Predictive Coding-Based Classification Framework for Healthcare Sensor Data
Authors: Ren Chaoxu , Sun Le , Peng Dandan
Published: March 2022

Supervised learning technologies have been used in medical-data classification to improve diagnosis efficiency and reduce human diagnosis errors. A large amount of manually annotated data are required for the fully supervised learning process. However, annotating data information will consume a large amount of manpower and resources. Self-supervised learning has great advantages in solving this problem. Self-supervised learning mainly uses pretext tasks to mine its own supervised information from large-scale unsupervised data. And this constructed supervised information is used to train the network to learn valuable representations for downstream tasks. This study designs a general and efficient model for the diagnosis and classification of medical sensor data based on contrastive predictive coding (CPC) in self-supervised learning, called TCC, which consists of two steps. The first step is to design a pretext task based on the idea of CPC, which aims to extract effective features between different categories using its encoder. The second step designs a downstream classification task with lower time and space complexity to perform a supervised type of training using the features extracted by the encoder of the pretext task. Finally, to demonstrate the performance of the proposed framework in this paper, we compare the proposed framework with recent state-of-the-art works. Experiments comparing the proposed framework with supervised learning are also set up under the condition of different proportions of labeled data.
Robustness-Oriented Optimization of Train Platforming Problem in Busy Complex Railway Station
Authors: Zeng Qiongfang , Zhang Yinggui , Su Huanyin , Hu Ruihua
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we present a track-circuits-based model for robust train platforming problem (RTPP) at busy complex stations. First, we explicitly explained the operation process of different train types and fixed track utilization rule. Second, we propose a multicriterion scheduling model for RTPP with objectives of minimizing the weighted number of delayed trains, minimizing trains that break rules, and maximizing robustness based on sectional-release interlocking system. Third, we design a hybrid heuristic algorithm to solve the above model based on dispatching rules and present different new solution generation strategies to further optimize rule-based solutions. Performance of the new solution generation strategies and algorithm is evaluated based on a case study for Guangzhou East Station. To validate the effectiveness of robustness indicator, we compared its performance on delay propagation counteraction with a TPP model without robustness objective under the same perturbation scenario.
Specific Emitter Identification with Limited Labelled Signals Based on Variational Autoencoder Embedded in Information-Maximising Generative Adversarial Network and Gradient Penalty
Authors: Xie CunXiang , Zhang LiMin , Zhong ZhaoGen
Published: March 2022

The lack of labelled signal datasets in noncooperative scenarios limits the performance of specific emitter identification (SEI). To address this limitation, a method for SEI with limited labelled signals is proposed. The bispectrum of the received signal is estimated to enhance individual discriminability. An information-maximising generative adversarial network (InfoGAN) is then developed to perform SEI with limited labelled signals. To prevent nonconvergence and mode collapse due to the complexity of the radiofrequency signals, we improve the InfoGAN, respectively, from the generator and discriminator perspective. For the former, an encoder is combined with the InfoGAN generator to form a variational autoencoder that reduces the difficulty of convergence during training. For the latter, a gradient penalty algorithm is applied during the training of the InfoGAN discriminator, which enables its training loss function to obey the 1-Lipschitz constraint, thereby avoiding gradient disappearance. The design of the objective function for the training of each subnetwork and the training procedure are provided. The proposed network is trained with limited labelled and abundant unlabelled data, and an auxiliary classifier categorizes the emitters after training. Numerical results indicate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms for SEI with limited labelled signal samples in terms of effectiveness, convergence, accuracy, and robustness against noise.
Prospective Validation of Edinburgh Dysphagia Score as a Triaging Tool beyond the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Walton Hannah B. , McAvoy Dean , Kalla Rahul , McAvoy Norma , Church Nicholas , Penman Ian D. , Williams Andrew , Trimble Kenneth , Masterton Gail S. M. , Plevris John N. , On behalf of EGAR (Edinburgh GI Audit Research) Collab.
Published: March 2022

The Edinburgh Dysphagia Score (EDS) was previously developed to identify patients referred to secondary care with dysphagia, who were most likely to have oesophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to use the EDS prospectively during the COVID pandemic to risk stratify patients to either urgent or routine investigation of dysphagia. Between 1st April and 1st July 2020, 283 patients were referred to NHS Lothian with dysphagia. An EDS score was calculated utilizing information in the GP referral letter or information gained in a “HOT clinic.” Patients with a

score
≥
3.5

were prioritized for investigation under the “urgent suspicion of cancer” pathway. 243 patients underwent investigations. 18 patients were diagnosed with oesophageal cancer, all of whom had an

EDS
≥
3.5

(range 4-10). Approximately one third of patients with dysphagia had a score of <3.5. Using this cut-off, sensitivity was 100% and negative predictive value 100%. This study shows that the EDS can be used prospectively when triaging patients referred to secondary care with dysphagia. The high negative predictive value using the EDS means that patients who have an

EDS
<
3.5

can be downgraded to a routine waiting list without leading to delays in diagnosing oesophageal malignancy. This will enable faster investigations for patients who remain on the “urgent suspicion of cancer” waiting list. In the age of COVID-19, with increasingly long waiting lists, the EDS is a useful scoring system to identify patients with the greatest need for urgent endoscopy.
A Numerical Study of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation Geometry in a Layered Shale Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Lei , Jin Yu , Dong Zhuo , Yuan Ruifu
Published: March 2022

An unconventional shale reservoir commonly develops multiple layers and shows strong anisotropy in mechanical properties, which has a great effect on hydraulic fracture propagation geometry. The most common mechanical properties are elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, tensile strength, and formation permeability. Therefore, the extended finite element method- (XFEM-) based cohesive zone model (CZM) is applied to analyze the effect of these mechanical properties on both the fracture propagation geometry and breakdown pressure in a layered shale reservoir after verifying the present numerical method by published analytical results. The parametric analysis indicates that the stiff or soft outer layers limit the fracture propagation width, while promoting the fracture propagation length. Higher Poisson’s ratio and formation permeability in outer layers narrow the fracture propagation width in middle layer. Poisson’s ratio contrast between different layers almost has no significant effect on the fracture propagation length and breakdown pressure. The hydraulic fracture propagation geometry presents the trend of “shorter and wider” with the increase of the tensile strength in outer layer. For asymmetric specimen with different mechanical parameters in each layer, hydraulic fracture shows an asymmetric propagation behavior, and hydraulic fracture preferentially propagates to the layer with higher elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, formation permeability, and low resistance.
Multivariate Regression Proposal to the Gap between University Education and Labor Market: The Kingdom’s Vision 2030
Authors: Talal Abdulrahman Alanazi , Ahmad Ishfaq , Alnagar Dalia Kamal , Ramadan R. A. , Alraqad T. A. , Jawarneh Y. M.
Published: March 2022

Background. University education in all countries of the world occupies an important placebecause universities are the stronghold of enlightened thought, the center of enlightenment, and the home of constructive scientific research. Through our survey of the published papers, there was no statistical study examining the reasons for this gap. If the reasons are studied, the compatibility between the outputs of education and the labor market will be achieved. Objective. To identify factors that cause the gap between university education and the labor market, then expand the compatibility between learning outcomes in Saudi universities and market requirements in accordance with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030. Methods and Materials. Questionnaires were given to the general population of Saudi Arabia, using Google forms for data collection. The target group was 384 people answered. Results. The findings showed, Resolution IV with regression analysis gave the factors that caused the gap between university education outcomes and the labor market: no training institutions and graduate centers, lack of awareness of children about the appropriate specialties and strengthening their inclinations towards itand the continuous increase in the number of graduates in light of the weak absorptive capacity of the labor market. In addition, the saturated design with regression analysis gave the factors that caused the gap between university education outcomes and the labor market: lack of awareness of children about the appropriate specialties, and strengthening their inclinations towards it and existence of non-national competencies, universities’ lack of materials, and support for the academic content required by the labor market and the continuous increase in the number of graduates in light of the weak absorptive capacity of the labor market, no training institutes and centers for graduates and the continuous increase in the number of graduates in light of the weak absorptive capacity of the labor market. Conclusion. No training institutions and graduate centers, lack of awareness of children about the appropriate specialties and strengthening their inclinations towards it and the continuous increase in the number of graduates in light of the weak absorptive capacity of the labor market are caused the gap between university education outcomes and the labor market.
Plasmodium berghei-Mediated NRF2 Activation in Infected Hepatocytes Enhances Parasite Survival
Authors: Bindschedler Annina , Schmuckli-Maurer Jacqueline , Wacker Rahel , Kramer Nicolas , Rehmann Ruth , Caldelari Reto , Heussler Volker T.
Published: March 2022

The protozoan parasite Plasmodium, causative agent of malaria, initially invades and develops in hepatocytes where it resides in a parasitophorous vacuole (PV). A single invaded parasite develops into thousands of daughter parasites. Survival of the host cell is crucial for successful completion of liver stage development. Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor known to induce transcription of cytoprotective genes when activated. Here we show that NRF2 is activated in Plasmodium berghei-infected hepatocytes. We observed that this NRF2 activation depends on PV membrane resident p62 recruiting KEAP1, the negative regulator of NRF2. Disrupting the NRF2 gene results in reduced parasite survival, indicating that NRF2 signaling is an important event for parasite development in hepatocytes. Together, our observations uncovered a novel mechanism of how Plasmodium parasites ensure host cell survival during liver stage development.
Annular Versus Subvalvular Approaches to Acute Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Timek Tomasz A. , Lai David T. , Tibayan Frederick , Liang David , Rodriguez Filiberto , Daughters George T. , Dagum Paul , Ingels Neil B. , Miller Craig
Published: March 2022

Background

Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) has been attributed to annular dilatation, papillary muscle (PM) displacement (“apical leaflet tenting”), or both. We compared the efficacy of reducing annular or subvalvular dimensions to gain more mechanistic insight into acute IMR.

Methods

Eight adult sheep underwent implantation of radiopaque markers on the LV, mitral annulus (MA), each leaflet edge, and each
pm
tip. Trans-annular septal-lateral (SL) and inter-
pm
tip sutures were placed and externalized. Biplane videofluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography were performed before and continuously during LCx occlusion-induced IMR with SL annular (SLAC) or inter-
pm
(PAPS) suture tightening (4 to 5 mm of cinching for 5 seconds during ischemia). MA SL dimension, inter-papillary distance (APM-PPM), and the distances between the anterior (APM) and posterior (PPM)
pm
tips and the mid-septal annulus (“saddle horn”) were calculated from 3-D marker coordinates at end-systole.

Results

SLAC reduced IMR (grade=2.1±0.6 versus 0.7±0.5,
P
.001), SL annular diameter (4.9±2.5 mm smaller versus pre-cinching;
P
.001), and
pm-
“saddle horn” distances (0.9±0.7 and 1.0±0.8 mm reduction for APM and PPM, respectively;
P
.005). PAPS reduced APM-PPM distance (3.7±1.8 mm reduction versus precinching;
P
.001), only slightly decreased the PPM-“saddle horn” distance (0.3±0.3 mm reduction;
P
.03), and had no effect on IMR.

Conclusions

Acute IMR was abolished by annular SL reduction, which also repositioned both
pm
tips closer to the mid-septal annulus and paradoxically increased leaflet “apical tenting”; reducing inter-papillary dimension was not effective, even though it displaced the leaflets toward the annular plane (less “apical tenting”).
Hyperbolic disc embedding of functional human brain connectomes using resting-state fMRI
Authors: Whi Wonseok , Ha Seunggyun , Kang Hyejin , Lee Dong Soo
Published: March 2022

The brain presents a real complex network of modular, small-world, and hierarchical nature, which are features of non-Euclidean geometry. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we constructed a scale-free binary graph for each subject, using internodal time series correlation of regions of interest as a proximity measure. The resulting network could be embedded onto manifolds of various curvatures and dimensions. While maintaining the fidelity of embedding (low distortion, high mean average precision), functional brain networks were found to be best represented in the hyperbolic disc. Using the 𝕊1/ℍ2 model, we reduced the dimension of the network into two-dimensional hyperbolic space and were able to efficiently visualize the internodal connections of the brain, preserving proximity as distances and angles on the hyperbolic discs. Each individual disc revealed relevance with its anatomic counterpart and absence of center-spaced node. Using the hyperbolic distance on the 𝕊1/ℍ2 model, we could detect the anomaly of network in autism spectrum disorder subjects. This procedure of embedding grants us a reliable new framework for studying functional brain networks and the possibility of detecting anomalies of the network in the hyperbolic disc on an individual scale.
Concessive Knowledge Attributions Cannot Be Explained Pragmatically
Authors: Stoutenburg Gregory
Published: March 2022

“I know that p but it is possible that not-p” sounds contradictory. Some philosophers, notably David Lewis, have taken this as evidence that knowledge requires infallibility. Others have attempted to undermine that inference by arguing that there is a plausible pragmatic explanation of why such sentences sound odd, and thus do not undermine fallibilism. I argue that the proffered pragmatic explanations fail and I raise challenges for any possible pragmatic explanation of the character of concessive knowledge attributions. It is reasonable to conclude that concessive knowledge attributions are genuine contradictions.
Aethionema gypsicola, a new crucifer species from inner Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: ÖZTÜRK DERVİŞ
Published: March 2022

Aethionema gypsicola D. Öztürk was defined as a new taxon in the central Anatolia (Eskişehir) region of Turkey. It grows at an elevation of about 840–1100 m in marly areas and on gypsiferous rocks. The new species is morphologically closely related to A. dumanii Vural & Adigüzel, but differs by its height, stem conditions, leaf shape and size, flower parts, fruit stem length, fruit size and wings, silicula shape and size, sinus length, and seed structure. Thus, it can be easily distinguished by the many differences in it morphological characters. Diagnostic characters, a detailed description, and photographs of the new taxon are provided herein. The morphology of the new species and its phylogenetic relationships, based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, were discussed. In this study, a detailed description of the new species, its habitat and plant parts, a distribution map, and conservation status were given. Additionally, the pollen ornamentation and seed coat appearance of A. gypsicola were examined in detail and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs were taken. In addition, it was recommended that this species be listed as critically endangered (CR) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List category (IUCN) due to its limited distribution.
A checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Austria
Authors: HEIMBURG HELGE , DOCZKAL DIETER , HOLZINGER WERNER E.
Published: March 2022

Hoverflies are a conspicuous and popular family within the Diptera. The larvae as well as the adults are able to colonize a wide range of habitats, and many species play important roles as pollinators, in pest management and nowadays in applied nature conservation issues. Despite of this, the state of knowledge on the hoverflies of Austria is deficient: Available literature is outdated in systematics and the species inventory is obviously incomplete. These facts led us to study the Austrian hoverfly fauna in more detail. Syrphidae records from an extensive literature search, additional unpublished data from museum collections and data from own fieldwork were compiled to build a comprehensive checklist of Austrian hoverflies. The species distributions are given by federal state in order to retain a precise overview of this Diptera group. The framework of this research is based on 20520 records and in total, 271957 individuals. The checklist includes 430 confirmed species. An additional 25 hoverfly species are discussed but not included in the list. These are species for which it is unclear if the locality lies within the present borders of Austria, or whose voucher specimens were not available for re-examination. In total 17 hoverfly species are new to Austria: Anasimyia contracta Claussen & Torp, 1980; Brachyopa grunewaldensis Kassebeer 2000; Brachyopa obscura Thompson & Torp, 1982; Brachyopa silviae Doczkal & Dziock, 2004; Cheilosia orthotricha Vujić & Claussen, 1994; Eristalis picea (Fallén, 1817); Melangyna ericarum (Collin, 1946); Melangyna lucifera Nielsen, 1980; Melangyna pavlovskyi Violovitsh, 1956; Melanogaster curvistylus Vujić & Stuke, 1998; Merodon moenium (Wiedemann, 1822); Paragus absidatus Goeldlin, 1971; Paragus bradescui Stanescu, 1981; Platycheirus laskai (Nielsen, 1999); Sphegina verecunda Collin, 1937; Temnostoma angustistriatum Krivosheina, 2002 and Temnostoma meridionale Krivosheina & Mamayev, 1962. In addition, 278 first records for several Austrian federal states are published. With 331 species, Styria currently hosts the largest number of documented species per federal state, followed by Lower Austria (307 spp.), Upper Austria (269 spp.), Carinthia (259 spp.), Vorarlberg (234 spp.), Burgenland (201 spp.), North Tyrol (172 spp.), Vienna (169 spp.), Salzburg (155 spp.) and Eastern Tyrol (154 spp.).
New and little-known mute Trigonidiinae species from China (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Trigonidiidae)
Authors: LI SHI-YU , LIU YI-JIAO , HE ZHU-QING
Published: March 2022

We provide a key to mute Trigonidiinae species from China, and provide morphological features of some nondescript species in brown color. We established a new genus, Zilingxi He gen. nov. with two new species Z. danmai He sp. nov. and Z. dian He sp. nov. from China. The new genus possesses a black line above clypeus; pseudepiphallic paramere of male genitalia possessing 2–3 branches; ovipositor shorter than other genera. Two new species are very similar in morphology, but different in the color pattern in frontal rostrum, and the shape of male genitalia. The type specimens are deposited in Museum of Biology, East China Normal University (ECNU).
A synthesis of the current knowledge on the Australian Orchesellidae (Collembola, Entomobryoidea)
Authors: BELLINI BRUNO CAVALCANTE , GREENSLADE PENELOPE , BAQUERO ENRIQUE , JORDANA RAFAEL , DE SOUZA PAOLLA GABRYELLE CAVALCANTE
Published: March 2022

The Australian Orchesellidae includes only 11 nominal species in four genera: Australotomurus Stach, 1947, Alloscopus Börner, 1906, Heteromurus Wankel, 1860, and Falcomurus Mandal, 2018. Here we describe Dicranocentrus dolosus sp. nov. from Cocos and Keeling Islands, the first species of the genus to be recorded from Australia. The new species is similar to D. inermodentes (Uchida, 1944) and D. indicus Bonet, 1930, but differs from both by the combination of the ventral head, mesothoracic and dental chaetotaxy. We also revisit Australotomurus based on previous studies to better interpret the dorsal macrochaetotaxy of the genus, and provide a synthetic map of chaetae to guide future studies on scaleless Orchesellidae. Finally, we present updated diagnoses to all genera and species of Australian Orchesellidae, as well as an identification key to all species.
New species of Rhodobaenus LeConte, 1876 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae) from Central and South America
Authors: ANDERSON ROBERT S.
Published: March 2022

Four new species of Central and South American Rhodobaenus LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae) are described: R. chamorroae Anderson, new species (type locality Colombia, Valle del Cauca), R. flecha Anderson, new species (type locality Costa Rica, Cartago), R. howdenorum Anderson, new species (type locality Ecuador, Rio Palenque), and Rhodobaenus schusteri Anderson, new species (type locality Guatemala, Zacapa). Diagnostic characters and images are provided for all new species to facilitate identification. The previously unknown male of Rhodobaenus tenorio Anderson is here described, and the species, previously only known from Costa Rica, is here recorded from Guatemala.
Evaluating the Current State of Ergonomics Education Offered to Students in US Medical Students
Authors: Pierce Scott M. , Heiman Adee J. , Ricci Joseph A.
Published: March 2022

Background

The high rate of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) among surgeons is well-documented and found to factor into medical students’ interest in surgical specialties. Ergonomic techniques can reduce musculoskeletal pain in surgeons. Access to ergonomics education in residency is minimal and the ergonomics education offered in medical school has not been characterized.

Methods

An anonymous, online survey was distributed to 210 administrators in medical education and curriculum at all accredited US allopathic medical schools. They were asked about their knowledge of ergonomics, assessment of potential benefits of ergonomics education to their students, and the ergonomics education offered at their institution.

Results

A total of 71 surveys were completed (33.8% response rate). 82% of schools reported familiarity with the study of ergonomics and 81% thought it would be beneficial to the future careers of their students to receive ergonomics education. Respondents estimated 43% of surgeons experience WMSDs and those that did not think ergonomics education would be beneficial to their students’ future careers had a statistically significantly lower estimate of WMSD burden amongst practicing surgeons. Only one respondent reported that students at their institution receive greater than three hours of ergonomics education, while 98% reported their students will receive less than three hours. Considering this, 81% of respondents reported that students do have access to other resources that encourage ergonomic practices, such as gym access, yoga classes, and surgical simulation labs.

Discussion

Medical schools should increase access to ergonomics education and integrate it into their curriculum as early as possible.