bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Satisfactory Analysis of Training Program at Indonesian Railway Company: An Importance-Performance Analysis Approach
Authors: Saragih Romat , Pradana Mahir , Fakhri Mahendra , Intan An Nisaa
Published: June 2020

Training is an activity that has an important role for human resources in order to increase knowledge and skills both for human resources who are preparing to enter the workforce, also for human resources who have worked so that their capabilities are always maintained in order to secure existence or to career advancement. From this research, we try to analyze the gap between perceptions and expectations of the training program in from the perspectives of the participants. The population of this study are 61 employees of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Indonesian Railway Company) who were training participants at the Operations and Marketing Training Center. We analyzed the data by applying the Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) method. Based on the results of the research and descriptive analysis of the services received, the satisfaction of the operational training program is quite satisfying but there is still a difference between reality and employee expectations.
Existence Of Company Size In Control Towards Family Ownership And Debt Policy Value Of Companies
Authors: Awaluddin Murtiadi , Sholihin Alim , Sumarlin Sumarlin , Wardhani Rulyanti Susi , Sylvana Andi
Published: June 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of family ownership, debt policy on firm value with firm size as a control variable. The sample used was a family company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014 to December 2017. The type of this research was quantitative using Agency theory and Signaling Theory. Analysis technique with multiple regression analysis. The results showed that family ownership had a positive and significant effect on firm value, and debt policy had a negative and significant effect on firm value. While company size as a control variable in this study cannot control the relationship of the influence of family ownership and debt policy on firm value, in other words, company size as a control variable does not have a significant effect on the relationship of family ownership and corporate value policy debt.
Effects of Moderation on Organizational Commitment on The Relationship Between Human Resources Competence, Communication and The Readiness Of Local Governments In Implementing PP Number 12 Year 2019
Authors: Azlina Nur , Naza Ahrun , Julita Julita
Published: June 2020

This research aims to examine the effect of human resources competency and communication on the readiness of local government in the implementation of PP number 12 of 2019 with organizational commitment as moderating variable. The population in this study is all regional units in Riau Province . The sample in this research amounted to 27 regional work units with 108 respondents. The method of determining the sample is by using the census sampling method, while the data processing method used by researchers is the multiple regression and moderate regression analysis and use SPSS version 25.0as the software for processing the data. The result of this research shows that the human resources competency and communication give a significant influence on the readiness of local government in the implementation of PP number 12 of 2019 . On organizational commitment as moderating variable have moderate relations on human resources competency and communication on the readiness of local government in the implementation of PP number 12 of 2019 . The results of the research can be added to the literature in the field of accounting knowledge and can be useful to present the readiness of local government in the implementation regulation. Keywords :Organizational commitment, Human Resources Competency, Communication, , and Readiness of PP Number  12 year 2019.
Customers’ behavior intension regarding online shopping of general product and insecticide in Thailand
Authors: ELANGO DINESH , PRAYOONPONG KRITCHANUT
Published: June 2020

The global market of insecticide products is expected to garner around 16.7 Billion US by 2020, registering a CAGR of 5.0% during the forecast period 2014 to 2020. Companies are operating in this market focus on product launches as part of their growth strategy. As the retail sales of global e-commerce have continuously grown, e-commerce has gained the large share from physical retail over the last decade derived from the impact of greater internet access and technology development that make online shopping easier and more convenience. The research analyzes data of customer behavior intention by parallel compare impact of the data from general product and insecticide product. In analyzing data, single Linear Regression and multiple linear regression were employed to investigate the impact and difference between dependent and independent variable. The 400 respondents who are using online application and have online shopping experience were implied to investigate the factors that have intention to decision on purchase product via online channel in this research. The results have been interpreted that people have more concern on purchase of insecticide online in product attitude, customer service, purchase and delivery, and promotion of insecticide. This study concept and valid the customer behavior toward insecticide product for set strategy of the insecticide in online market.
Factors Influencing The Income Of Fishermen
Authors: Putri Aning Kesuma , Wulandari Ayu
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this research was to determine the variability of fishermen's incomes by looking at the effect of fishermen's experience, fishermen's education, and fisherman's working hours on income. The population of this research is fishermen in East Belitung Regency with a sample of 181 people and Central Bangka Regency as many as 57 people. The method is carried out through quantitative analysis using path analysis, with primary data in the form of interviews and questionnaires to fishermen. The results showed that the variables of fishermen's experience and working hours had a significant effect on the variability of fishermen's income, as evidenced by the probability of significance at 0,000 (below 0.05) and F-count, t-count is greater than F-table, t-table. While education is not a factor of variability in fishermen's income because the results of the F-count, t-count is smaller than the F-table, t-table. Future research should measure the variability of fishermen's incomes using variables of the level of fish production, the amount of credit or debit, side income, and poverty of fishermen, using Micmac and Mactor method.
BİNBAŞI RAGIP GÜMÜŞPALA’NIN TUNCELİ RAPORU 1936-1937
Authors: ZENGİN Ersoy
Published: June 2020

1916 yılında harp okulundan mezun olan Ragıp Gümüşpala Birinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında çeşitli cephelerde savaştı. Savaşın sonuna doğru esir düştü. Bir süre Mısır’da esaret hayatı yaşadıktan sonra Türkiye’ye gelerek Milli Mücadele’ye katıldı. Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra Şeyh Said (1925) ve Koçuşağı (1926) bastırma harekâtlarına katıldı. Çeşitli görevlerden sonra 1936-1938 yılları arasında Tunceli vali ve komutanlığına bağlı olarak istihbarat subayı görevini yürüttü. Gümüşpala, bu zaman diliminde bölge halkı üzerine yapmış olduğu gözlem ve analizlerini bir rapor halinde kayıt altına aldı. Gümüşpala raporunda Dersim halkını ırk, din, mezhep, gelenek ve görenekleri bakımından inceledi. Alevi-Sünni toplumunu ayıran etmenleri ortaya koyarak, alınması gereken tedbirler üzerinde durdu. Kızılbaşların Osmanlı Türk toplumundan nasıl uzaklaştıklarını ve Hıristiyanların, Kızılbaşlık inancına yaptıkları tesirleri dile getirdi. Rapordan bazı parçalar önceden yayımlanmış olsa da yayımlanacak olan bu rapor yakın dönem Türkiye tarihine katkı sunacak birçok yeni bilgiyi ihtiva etmektedir.
GENERAL FAHRİ BELEN’İN HAYATI, SİYASİ FAALİYETLERİ VE ESERLERİ (1892-1975)
Authors: KEYVANOĞLU Sacide Jale , KARAYAMAN Mehmet
Published: June 2020

General Fahri Belen, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son zamanlarında Bolu’da dünyaya gelmiş olup, Osmanlı’dan Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne geçişi bizzat yaşamış, tek partili dönemini görmüş çok partili hayatta ise aktif rol almış bir komutan ve siyasetçidir.
Balkan ve Çanakkale savaşlarına katılmış, Kurtuluş Savaşı’nda önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Harekât Şubesi ve Genelkurmay Harekât Şubesi Müdürlüğü, Doğu’da Sınır Tespit Komisyonu Başkanlığı, Türk-Rus Sular Sözleşmesini Düzenleyen Heyetin Başkanlığı, Cenevre’de Silahların Sınırlandırılması Konferansında Türk Heyeti Askeri Danışmanlığı, Alay ve Tugay Komutanlıkları gibi pek çok görevde yer almıştır. Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nin IX. ve X. Döneminde Bolu milletvekili olarak görev yapmış, IX. Dönemde kısa bir süre Bayındırlık Bakanlığı görevini üstlenmiştir. Yaşadığı tüm siyasî ve askerî tecrübelerini yazıya dökerek ardında birçok eser bırakmıştır. Bu çalışmada Fahri Belen’in kişiliği, ailesi, eğitim hayatı, askerî, siyasî faaliyetleri ve eserleri hakkında bilgi verilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Çalışmamızda, arşiv kaynaklarından, hatıratlardan ve gazetelerden derlenen bilgilerden, Belen’in anlattığı anılardan, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi’nde yaptığı konuşmalardan ve Belen’in yayımlanan kitap ve makalelerinden yararlanılmıştır.
Mezun Görüşleri Bakımından Engellilerde Egzersiz ve Spor Eğitimi Bölümünün Profili
Authors: Can Hasan Ceyhun , İlhan Ekrem Levent
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırma, ülkemizde yeni açılmış bir bölüm olan Engellilerde Egzersiz ve Spor Eğitimi bölümden mezun olan öğrencilerin görüşleri bakımından bölümün profilinin incelenmesini amaçlamıştır. Bu amaçla çalışma nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından olgubilim deseniyle tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma grubu, İnönü Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Engellilerde Egzersiz ve Spor Eğitimi bölümünde lisans eğitimi almış olan on iki öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma grubunun belirlenmesinde amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden kartopu örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmış ve elde edilen veriler içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda bu bölümde lisans eğitimi almış ve mezun olmuş öğrencilerin çoğunluğuna bakıldığında, gerekli araştırmaları yaparak istihdam amaçlı bu bölümde eğitim almayı tercih ettikleri fakat eğitime başladıktan sonra bölüm değişikliği düşündükleri ve lisans eğitimleri boyunca aldıkları derslerin kalitesiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların engellilere yönelik olan tutumlarının, aldıkları eğitimle birlikte pozitif yönde değişimler gösterdiği ve engelli öğrencilere ayrılan kontenjanın artırılması gerekliliği bulgusu elde edilmiştir. Bir diğer bulgu olaraksa, Engellilerde Egzersiz ve Spor Eğitimi bölümünün özel eğitim bölümlerinden farklı olduğunu ve bölüm mezunlarının özel gereksinimli bireylerin bulunduğu kurumlarda spor eğitimi amaçlı istihdam edilmeleri gerekliliği belirlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak bölümün, alana hâkim uzmanlar yetiştirilmesi, engellilere kaliteli eğitim verilebilmesi, engellilere ve yakınlarına destek olunması ve engelli sporcular için gerekli olduğu tespit edilmiştir
Perjuangan Hidup Mahasiswa Pekerja di Pasar Mardika Kota Ambon Terhadap Prestasi Belajar
Authors: Basri La , Ula Siti Nurul Nikmatul
Published: June 2020

Pasar Mardika menunjukan bahwa adanya keterkaitan antara mahasiswa dan pasar tersebut, dimanah mahasiswa yang kuliah di perguruan tinggi di Propinsi Maluku terlebih khusus di kota Ambon banyak yang menggantungkan hidupnya di pasar karena kurangnya ekonomi. Ada diantara mereka yang datang dari jauh yang kuliahnya ditempat tertentu dan kebanyakan dari mereka adalah orang-orang yang kurang mampuh dalam kondisi ekonomi sehingga mereka lebih memilih kuliah sambil bekerja untuk mencukupi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari, ada kemungkinan akan berpengaruh pada prestasi belajar yang mereka peroleh ketika berada di kampus. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial, etika usaha dan perkembangan prestasi belajar para mahasiswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode diskriptif analisis kualitatif, yaitu dengan cara penggambaran atas seluruh rangkayan kegiatan penelitian sejak dari tahap proses pencarian data, analisa data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Prestasi yang diperoleh mahasiswa sebagian besar sangatlah baik yang berkaitan dengan proses pembelajaran baik di kampus maupun di pasar.
Peralihan Sistem Mata Pencaharian dan Pola Interaksi Masyarakat Petani Kratom di Kecamatan Putussibau Utara, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Simamora Hotjungjungan
Published: June 2020

The people of North Putussibau are indigenous people with one of its prominent characteristics, namely the enactment of customs, procedures for interacting, in accordance with the customs and norms that the ancestors inherited. Based on the tradition and culture of the original community, the community carried out agricultural food crops and plantations in order to meet their daily needs. However, over time there has been a shift in the livelihoods of indigenous people to kratom plant farmers. This research was conducted to determine the factors that influence the change in the livelihood system of the North Putussibau community after the kratom market. This research was conducted in Banua Tengah Village, Sungai Uluk Palin Village, and Hilir Kantor Village, Putussibau Utara District, Kapuas Hulu Regency, Pontianak. The research location was chosen deliberately with the consideration that in the sample village there were indigenous people who had cultivated kratom for at least 2 years. Informants in this study were community leaders, village heads, kratom farmers, and village government. The data of this study were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of three activities that occurred simultaneously, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions / verification. The results showed that there was a shift in the livelihood system where indigenous peoples were marked to begin to cultivate kratom along with previously existing cultivation plants. The transition to this livelihood system is influenced by three factors, namely: government policies, interactions with villagers, and norms or rules that affect indigenous people of North Putussibau in land use and resource extraction.
Analisis Efektifitas PSBB Terhadap Perubahan Budaya Masyarakat di Kecamatan Sidoarjo
Authors: Larassaty Ayu Lucy
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengetahui besarnya efektifitas PSBB (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar)  terhadap budaya masyarakat di Kecamatan Sidoarjo dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19, 2) mengetahui perubahan model budaya masyarakat dalam menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 di Kecamatan Sidoarjo. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survey. Teknik analisis data menggunakan empat metode yang terdiri dari editing, coding, tabulasi dan analisis data. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pelaksanaan PSBB (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar) terbilang masih belum efektif  dan  sangat berpengaruh pada perubahan budaya msayarakat yang positif maupun negative  yang mengacu pada lima orientasi nilai budaya msayarakat.         Kata kunci: PSBB (Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar), Budaya Masyarakat dan Covid-19                             ABSTRACTThis study aims to 1) determine the effectiveness of the PSBB (Large-Scale Social Limitation) on community culture in Sidoarjo District in dealing with the Covid-19 Pandemic, 2) knowing the changes in the cultural model of the community in dealing with the Covid-19 Pandemic in Sidoarjo District. The research method uses the survey method. Data analysis techniques using four methods consisting of editing, coding, tabulation and data analysis. The results of this study explain that the implementation of PSBB (Large-Scale Social Limitation) is relatively ineffective and very influential on positive and negative changes in social culture that refer to the five orientations of social cultural values. Keywords: PSBB (Large-scale Social Limitation), Community Culture and Covid-19
Analisis Perubahan Orientasi Pola Hidup Mahasiswa Pasca Berakhirnya Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Farah Bilqis , Nasution Robby Darwis
Published: June 2020

Krisis yang terjadi di dunia saat ini akibat munculnya Covid-19 telah memberikan berbagai perubahan mendasar pada kehidupan sosial masyarakat. Salah satu yang patut disoroti adalah dalam bidang pembelajaran pada tingkat mahasiswa, dimana telah nampak terjadi perubahan secara mendasar. Mahasiswa merupakan salah satu status sosial yang disandang oleh orang-orang yang menempuh pendidikan tingkat tinggi, yang juga sarat dengan keilmuan maupun sisi intelektualnya. Pemikiran mahasiswa yang cenderung maju dan kerapnya melakukan aksi sosial, menjadikan mahasiswa sebagai jembatan penghubung bagi perkembangan kehidupan masyarakat luas. Di tengah era Covid-19 ini, potensi sosial dari mahasiswa menjadi perbincangan oleh sebagian pihak terutama para akademisi dan peneliti. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah berupa bentuk analisis terhadap kemungkinan perubahan orientasi pada kehidupan mahasiswa pasca berakhirnya masa pandemi Covid-19. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan (studi kepustakaan) dimana mengamati fenomena yang terjadi serta didukung berbagai penelitian, artikel, maupun opini terkait untuk kemudian dijelaskan secara deskriptif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa sangat berpotensi besar untuk mengalami perubahan pada pola hidup dan interaksi akibat penerapan belajar online. Eksistensi mahasiswa menjadi dikhawatirkan, sehingga hal ini mengancam terbentuknya generasi intelektual yang berkualitas. Mengingat saat ini pola interaksi dan pembelajaran pada mahasiswa menjadi berbeda, serta mereka juga berada dalam tahap penyesuaian. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai suatu permasalahan kompleks, tentang realitas sosial yang telah terjadi dan diprediksi pada kalangan mahasiswa. Maka dari itu, pola pembelajaran online merupakan sesuatu yang tak boleh habis untuk dikaji.
Implmentasi Program Diklat Struktural Pada Kantor Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat Dalam Rangka Meningkatkan SDM Pegawai Negeri Kabupaten Sorong
Authors: Ichwan Saiful
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk untuk mengetahui Bagaimana Implementasi Program Diklat Struktural Pada Kantor Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat dalam rangka meningkatkan SDM Pegawai Negeri Kabupaten Sorong. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, adalah dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan, dokumentasi, dan wawancara yang ditujukan kepada para informan dari kalangan pegawai pada Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat Kabupaten Sorong. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan Diklat Struktural telah terlaksana dengan cukup baik dengan adanya metode dan kurikulum terbaru dari Lembaga Administrasi Negara yang dipandang lebih progresif dalam membekali para pejabat atau calon pejabat yang berstatus sebagai peserta diklat dengan wawasan, pengetahuan dan berbagai keterampilan dalam menunjang pekerjaan para pejabat atau calon pejabat pemerintahan sesuai dengan profesi dan uraian tugas jabatanya, namun terdapat beberapa faktor penghambat yakni kurang memadainya sarana dan prasarana pendukung  serta yang terpenting adalah Kualitas dan jumlah tenaga widyaiswara yang masih sangat terbatas. Adapun upaya yang yang dilakukan Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat Kabupaten Sorong meliputi upaya yang bersifat Prosedur dann teknis. Upaya Prosedural berkaitan dengan proses input dan output program kerja Badan Kepegawaian dan Diklat sementara Upaya tekniks berkaitan dengan kebutuhan-kebutuhan terkait dengan penyelenggaraan program kerja Serta kegiatan Kediklatan.
Pelatihan Dasar-Dasar Pengoperasian GPS Garmin Bagi Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong
Authors: Farida Anif , Rosalina Febrianti
Published: June 2020

Global Positioning System (GPS) merupakan teknologi yang sangat penting karena membantu untuk menentukan posisi koordinat di permukaan bumi. Pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengenalan tentang GPS Garmin, memperkenalkan feature-feature dan fungsi yang ada di dalam GPS Garmin, serta mengetahui respon mahasiswa terhadap pelatihan GPS. Metode dalam kegiatan pelatihan ini menggunakan metode ceramah untuk menyampaikan materi yang bersifat teori dengan menggunakan slide (powerpoint). Selanjutnyanmenggunakan metode demostrasi alat (materi yang bersifat praktek) dengan memperkenalkan alat secara langsung. Metode terakhir yang digunakan dalam pelatihan yaitu metode tanya jawab dan diskusi untuk mempertajam serta memperjelas tingkat pemahaman peserta terkait teori dan cara menggunakan GPS. Berdasarkan hasil pelatihan yang telah dilakukan maka dapat diperoleh informasi bahwa: 1) GPS merupakan sebuah sistem satelit navigasi yang berguna untuk mengetahui suatu posisi di permukaan bumi. 2) Komponen yang terdapat di dalam GPS terdiri dari unit antena sebagai penangkap sinyal satelit, unit display sebagai penampil informasi hasil pembacaan, unit receiver sebagai penerima sinyal satelit untuk memperkirakan posisi. 3) Prinsip kerja GPS adalah pengukuran jarak (range) antara receiver dengan satelit. Dimana pemancaran sinyal satelit yang diterima alat secara pasif paling tidak GPS harus memperoleh sinyal dari 3 satelit untuk dapat menentukan posisi dengan tepat. 4) Kelebihan GPS adalah dapat dioperasikan oleh setiap orang kapan saja dan dimana saja,karena pengoperasisannya yang cukup mudah, serta posisi koordinat geografis dapat diketahui dengan cepat. Namun, GPS juga memiliki kelemahan pada sinyalnya yang lemah karena pengaruh atmosfer serta sulit digunakan di dalam ruangan atau bila terhalang gedung tinggi. selain itu tingkat akurasinya di atas 1 meter apabila digunakan di daerah dengan tutupan kanopi yang lebat (sehingga menyebab pergeseran lokasi).
Establishment, growth and development of plantain and chicory under grazing
Authors: Powell A.M. , Kemp P.D. , Jaya Ik D. , Osborne M.A.
Published: June 2020

Pasture herbs can increase pasture production and feed quality over summer when ryegrass based pasture often constrains livestock production. The growth and development of plantain ('Ceres Tonic'), chicory ('Choice') and red clover ('Redmore') were related to thermal time during establishment. Keywords: Plantago, Cichorium, annual production, thermal time
Management of Lotus corniculatus under dairy cow grazing
Authors: Minneé E.M.K. , Bluett S.J. , Woodward S.L. , Laboyrie P.G.
Published: June 2020

The effect of lax or hard dairy cow grazing (residual stubble height of 10 and 5 cm) and grazing frequency (grazing when sward height reached 35 or 20 cm) on persistence, productivity and forage quality of pure pastures of Lotus corniculatus was evaluated over two growing seasons. Keywords: Lotus corniculatus, dairy cows, grazing management
Impact of irrigation variability on pasture production and beneficial water use
Authors: Snow V.O. , Zyskowski R.F. , Martin R.J. , Knight T.L. , Gillespie R.N. , Riddle M.U. , Fraser T.J. , Thomas S.M.
Published: June 2020

As the availability of water for irrigation becomes more limiting it is important to use the available water effectively and all potential avenues for improving irrigation efficiency should be examined. Improving irrigation system uniformity can lead to production gains and less loss of water through drainage, but such data are difficult to collect experimentally. Keywords: irrigation variability, LUCI, simulation modelling
Pasture yield and composition under different land uses in North Otago Rolling Downlands
Authors: White T.A. , Knight T.L.
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was established in 2004 in the North Otago Rolling Downlands soils near Windsor, North Otago. The aim was to determine the biophysical consequences of different land use (pasture species, grazing animal, mowing, irrigation, nitrogen) treatments on the pasture and soil resources. Keywords: intensification, irrigation, nitrogen, sheep, dairy cattle, mowing, pasture
Sustainability issues in New Zealand agriculture - and possibilities for collaborative resolution of them
Authors: Salmon Guy
Published: June 2020

Individual and group choices are determined by the structure of institutional arrangements, consisting of both conventions and entitlements (Bromley 1989). Four elements of the institutional structure governing agriculture are identified which embody privileges for the sector, and reduce its accountability. Keywords: environment, collaborative governance, privilege, institutions, pollution
PasturePlan™ : On-farm pasture growth and quality data for sheep and beef farms throughout New Zealand
Authors: Clarke-Hill W.J. , Fraser T.J.
Published: June 2020

Farmers throughout New Zealand are interested in pasture growth and quality but often this information is hard to obtain for their particular farm environment. The Meat and Wool New Zealand (M&WNZ) PasturePlan™ programme enabled participating farmers to measure growth on their farms and generated a large database across New Zealand. Keywords: pasture growth rates, pasture quality, PasturePlan™
New nitrogen mitigation technologies for evaluation in the Lake Taupo catchment
Authors: Ledgard S.F. , Welten B.G. , Menneer J.C. , Betteridge K. , Crush J.R. , Barton M.D.
Published: June 2020

Planned implementation of a nitrogen (N) "cap" on land in the Lake Taupo catchment has led to the need for a range of N mitigation options for pastoral farmers to increase profitability while farming within the N cap. A multi-disciplinary research programme has focused on the potential of targeting different parts of the N cycle to increase N efficiency and reduce N leaching losses. A range of research areas have been examined which focussed on soil amendments, improved pasture plants, animal manipulation and farm system options with potential for reduced N leaching. The "best bets" of practical options from this research have been selected, in consultation with local farmers through the Taupo Lake Care group. These are being tested in a new farm grazing system trial with beef cattle in the Lake Taupo catchment. The treatments are; a control (beef heifers), high sugar ryegrass (to potentially increase N absorption by cattle and reduce N excretion in urine), strategic salt supplementation (to increase urine spread), animal DCD supplementation (to achieve delivery of DCD in urine thereby inhibiting nitrification and reducing nitrate leaching) and steers (to compare spread of urine with female cattle). This long-term trial commenced in April 2007 and will evaluate effects of these N mitigation options on pasture production, N cycling and N leaching. Keywords: DCD, grazing, Lake Taupo, mitigation, nitrogen leaching, salt
Forage responses to lime and nitrogen fertiliser on land converted from pine forest to dryland pasture in Canterbury
Authors: Condron L.M. , Moot D.J. , Marshall A.J. , White P.J. , Edwards G.R.
Published: June 2020

A field trial was established to quantify the impacts of lime (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 t/ha) and nitrogen (N) fertiliser (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kg N/ha/year) addition on the dry matter (DM) production of a crop sequence of triticale followed by dryland pasture that was established on a site converted from long-established plantation forestry. Results are reported for the first 22 months. The application of lime up to 10 t/ha had no effect on triticale DM production. In the subsequent pasture, the percentage of clover increased from 15% without lime to 25-30% when 5-10 t/ha of lime was applied. Lime application only increased pasture DM production in the last 4 months. Annual pasture DM production increased significantly with increasing levels of N fertiliser application from 5.3 t DM/ha with no N applied to 7.5 t DM/ha at 400 kg N/ha. The observed response to N addition was mainly attributed to the low N status of the soil following conversion, which in turn was compounded by the ongoing decomposition of large quantities of mulched woody debris. Keywords: land-use conversion, plantation forestry, pasture, lime; nitrogen fertiliser
Reducing nitrate leaching losses from a Taupo pumice soil using a nitrification inhibitor eco-n
Authors: Cameron K.C. , Di H.J. , Moir J.L. , Roberts A.H.C.
Published: June 2020

The decline in water quality in Lake Taupo has been attributed to nitrogen (N) leaching from surrounding land areas. Pastoral agriculture has been identified as a significant contributor to this N transfer to the lake through animal urine deposition. There is therefore an immediate need for new management options to reduce N losses. The objective of this study was to measure the effectiveness of using a nitrification inhibitor (eco-n) to reduce nitrate leaching losses from a pasture soil of the Taupo region. A 3-year study was conducted using 20 lysimeters on Landcorp's 'Waihora' sheep and beef farm, within 10 km of Lake Taupo. The results show that animal urine patches were the main source of nitrate leaching (>95% of the total annual loss) and that eco-n significantly (P
Lucerne establishment sequences to maximise weed control in ex-Pinus radiata L. plantations
Authors: Moot D.J. , Mills A. , Marshall A. , Edwards G.R.
Published: June 2020

Lucerne sown immediately or after different forage crop sequences was investigated as a pasture option for post forestry conversion. In this experiment superphosphate and lime were applied in March 2005 before final seedbed preparation and establishment of seven cropping sequences; 1) lucerne sown in April 2005; 2-5) greenfeed cereals (oats or triticale) sown in April 2005 followed by lucerne in October 2005 with or without a rape cover crop; 6-7) winter fallow followed by glyphosate presowing in October 2005 or March 2006. Keywords: Avena sativa L., Brassica napus L., forestry conversion, lucerne, Medicago sativa L., oats, rape, Trifolium repens L., triticale, white clover
Yield and botanical composition of pastures sown under rape into an ex- Pinus radiata forest block
Authors: Mills A. , Moot D.J. , Marshall A. , Edwards G.R.
Published: June 2020

After the removal of Pinus radiata forests, conditions for establishing pastures are often sub optimal. The ability of rape to aid pasture establishment and suppress weeds was investigated at Darfield, Canterbury between November 2005 and February 2007. Keywords: Brassica napus, cover crop, Dactylis glomerata, Festuca arundinacea, forest conversion, Lolium perenne, pasture establishment, Trifolium pratense, T. repens, undersowing
Pasture composition and production from different cropping sequences in dryland pasture converted from Pinus radiata forest
Authors: Edwards G.R. , Moot D.J. , Marshall A.J.
Published: June 2020

Dry matter production and pasture composition were measured over 22 months in eight cropping sequences on a dryland site converted from forest to pasture. Cropping sequences involved different combinations of: (i) autumn and spring sowing; (ii) sowing immediately into pasture or into oat and triticale forage crops followed by pasture; and (iii) undersowing pasture beneath rape or conventional sowing. Keywords: land-use conversion, plantation forestry, pasture, clover, weeds
Pasture production and liveweight gain from cocksfoot-subterranean clover pastures grazed at two stocking rates and closed at different times during spring
Authors: Ates S. , Lucas R.J. , Edwards G.R.
Published: June 2020

The effect of stocking rate (8.3 (low) and 13.9 (high) ewes + twin lambs/ha) and time of closing in spring on lamb liveweight gain, pasture production and subterranean clover seedling densities was monitored over 2 years for a dryland cocksfoot-subterranean clover pasture in Canterbury. Keywords: cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata, closing date, liveweight gain, seedling density, sheep grazing, stocking rate, subterranean clover, Trifolium subterraneum
Methods of reducing ripgut brome seed production and carcass damage
Authors: Tozer K.N. , Marshall A.J. , Edwards G.R.
Published: June 2020

Ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus) is an annual grass weed prevalent in dry, hill and high country regions throughout the South Island. Its large seeds contaminate wool and carcasses. Two studies were undertaken in 2006/2007 to test strategies to control and mitigate its impacts. The first study (South Canterbury) tested different rates and timing of application of herbicides on ripgut brome. Keywords: annual grass weeds, weed control, weed mitigation, ripgut brome, Bromus diandrus
Survey of management practices of dairy cows grazing kale in Canterbury
Authors: Judson H.G. , Edwards G.R.
Published: June 2020

Many dairy cows, particularly in southern New Zealand have kale (Brassica olercaea) as a major component of their winter diet. Anecdotal evidence suggests variable results in cow body condition are achieved when kale is used as a component of the winter diet. A survey of crop yield, nutritive value and grazing management practices of kale crops was undertaken in Canterbury during winter 2007 to investigate possible causes of these variable results. Keywords: kale, utilisation, allowance, quality, dairy
Effects of clover root weevil and moisture stress on subterranean, balansa, Persian, arrowleaf and white clovers
Authors: Crush J.R. , Gerard P.J. , Ouyang L. , Wilson D.J.
Published: June 2020

The effect on plant growth of clover root weevil (CRW) larval feeding on nodules and roots was examined for the annual clovers, subterranean cv. Leura, balansa cv. Bolta, arrowleaf cv. Arrowtas and Persian cv. Mihi, and white clover cv. Tribute. Mini-swards of each clover species were used in a glasshouse experiment, with half of these exposed to CRW larval feeding. Keywords: Sitona lepidus, root herbivory, annual clovers, drought
Application of climate data to predict pasture production
Authors: Blair I.C.
Published: June 2020

With increasing climate variability, a reliable method of estimating pasture growth has eluded farmers. Rain, temperature, evapotranspiration, radiation and soil moisture status are components which interact and affect pasture production. In 1992, soil moisture monitoring in Marlborough vineyards was extended to pasture. Keywords: soil moisture, pasture production, models, Southern Oscillation Index, Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Innovative and adaptive future farming, particularly as it relates to profitable future use of dryland country in New Zealand - a personal view
Authors: Green R.B.
Published: June 2020

First some science and facts to put the dryland area into a NZ farming perspective. The dryland farming regions of New Zealand make up a significant proportion of the east coast stretching from Hawke's Bay in the North Island down to East Otago in the South Island. There are also other pockets of dryland in inland areas of Central Otago, Wanganui and South Canterbury. Dryland farming regions are generally defined as those environments where summer evapotranspiration exceeds summer rainfall in the majority of years (Brown et al. 2004).
Adapting farm systems to a drier future
Authors: Avery D. , Avery F. , Ogle G.I. , Wills B.J. , Moot D.J.
Published: June 2020

In the Starborough-Flaxbourne area the local farming community, alarmed at the increasing hill slope erosion, set up a soil conservation group. Accelerated erosion was a symptom of the past 12 years of below average rainfall. Removal of vegetative cover by livestock had enabled wind to erode areas of the thin topsoil exposing vulnerable sodic subsoil to rill and tunnel erosion. This highlighted the need for farms to adapt their livestock systems to a drier environment if they were to survive. Keywords: adaptation, conservation, decision making, drought, erosion, lucerne, Medicago sativa
Farmer experiences in achieving productivity gains through GPS
Authors: Casey M.J. , Lambie T. , Bradbury S. , Johnston D. , Murney M. , Pannett B. , Brown C.
Published: June 2020

GPS (Global Positioning Systems) have considerable potential to assist pastoral farmers in coping with pressures they will face in future. These include managing resource use, environmental constraints and controlling farm input costs. Keywords: GPS, farm mapping, precision agriculture, pastoral farming, fertiliser application, irrigation, K-line, long lateral irrigation, traceability
Hyperspectral canopy reflectance as a potential tool to estimate and map pasture mass and quality
Authors: Kawamura K. , Betteridge K. , Costall D. , Sanches I.D. , Tuohy M.P. , Inoue Y.
Published: June 2020

Precision farming requires data on resource status at a very fine, within-paddock scale which is impractical to collect by traditional sampling methods. This paper demonstrates the potential of a modified field hyperspectral radiometer (spectro-CAPP) to predict and map spatial distribution patterns of herbage biomass and standing mass of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), and sulphur (S) in a 2.8 ha paddock Keywords: geostatistical analysis, pasture quality, semivariogram, spatial distribution
Rubisco turnover and its relationship with herbage yield traits in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
Authors: Khaembah E.N. , Irving L.J. , Thom E.R. , Matthew C.
Published: June 2020

Leaf Rubisco content was monitored over the life span of the sixth leaf blades of hydroponically grown perennial ryegrass tillers of 18 genotypes, to determine protein turnover patterns and investigate possible links between protein turnover pattern and plant performance. Keywords: Rubisco, perennial ryegrass, remobilisation, dynamic model, mapping population
Targeting of "high anthocyanin" white clovers for increased condensed tannin levels via genetic modification
Authors: Richardson K. , Maher D. , Cousins G. , Ford J. , Hancock K. , Scott A. , Rasmussen S. , Collette V.
Published: June 2020

condensed tannins would significantly contribute to pasture productivity via increased production, forage quality and decreases in adverse environmental impacts. Recent developments suggest it is feasible to achieve this via expression of a single transgene, but that accumulation will only occur in specialised cell types which contain an active anthocyanin pathway. Keywords: Trifolium repens, condensed tannin, anthocyanin
PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS AN OPPORTUNITY LOST AND SORTING FACT FROM FICTION
Authors: Caradus J.R.
Published: June 2020

At the conference in Taupo last year, I identified 12 critical issues confronting agriculture that needed to be managed so that we continue to earn a first world living as a nation from the produce off the land. This year I want to discuss two issues related to improving the effectiveness of grassland technologies that will assist in addressing several of the issues listed above: 1. The feed barrier challenge and options to address it, and 2. Marketing of grassland technologies for improved production and productivity.
Insights into the molecular biology of epichloë endophyte alkaloid biosynthesis
Authors: Fleetwood D.J. , Scott B. , Voisey C.R. , Johnson R.D.
Published: June 2020

The production of secondary metabolite alkaloids by epichloë endophytes of grasses is of great interest to agriculture due to the opposing effects of pasture protection against insect herbivory and concomitant toxicity to stock. Recent molecular genetic analysis, that has greatly enhanced our understanding of secondary metabolite biosynthesis, is reviewed and potential outcomes for pastoral agriculture are discussed. Keywords: endophyte, Epichloë, Neotyphodium, alkaloid, secondary metabolite, gene cluster
Lambs and landscapes
Authors: Mackay A.D. , Knight T.W. , Koolaard J.P. , Sheppard G. , Coleman G.
Published: June 2020

Hill country farmers face major challenges to provide the physical environment and climatic conditions for maximum survival of multiple-born lambs. Farmers and scientists together investigated the opportunities for improved lamb survival on seven high-producing (scanning percentage 150-220%) North Island hill country farms. Keywords: lamb survival, physical environment, land assessment tool
Entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents in New Zealand agriculture: a case study
Authors: Bell N.L. , Aalders L.T. , Rohan T.C.
Published: June 2020

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been used experimentally to control insects in pastures and in this study we investigated the use of EPNs against clover root weevil. We tested the ability of two EPNs (Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis zealandica) to control soil-dwelling stages of clover root weevil in a Waikato pasture Keywords: Sitona lepidus, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, larvae, pupae, Galleria, wax moth
Delivery of grasses with high levels of unsaturated, protected fatty acids
Authors: Winichayakul S. , Cookson R. , Scott R. , Zhou J. , Zou X. , Roldan M. , Richardson K. , Roberts N.
Published: June 2020

Our goal is to increase the metabolisable energy of forage species (such as Lolium perenne, perennial ryegrass) via accumulation of lipids in the leaves, and further improve upon this by the delivery of polyunsaturated fatty acids whilst maintaining a low input agricultural system. Keywords: lipid protection, triacylglyceride, DGAT, oleosin, biohydrogenation
Dryland pasture yields and botanical composition over 5 years under sheep grazing in Canterbury
Authors: Mills A. , Smith M.C. , Lucas R.J. , Moot D.J.
Published: June 2020

Annual dry matter (DM) production and botanical composition of six dryland pasture combinations, grown under sheep grazing at Lincoln University for 5 years, are presented. In 4 years, lucerne produced the highest DM yields (13.1-18.5 t/ha/yr) through higher daily growth rates, compared with grass based pastures, particularly during periods of water stress in summer and autumn.
The Pyramid: a typical Marlborough family farm
Authors: Dawkins Chris and Julia
Published: June 2020

Our time from 1978 on the "Pyramid" in the Waihopai Valley is described with particular comments on the benefits gained from the encouragement of land based industries provided by policies of the Muldoon government. Keywords: cattle, dryland farming, family farm, lucerne, Marlborough, sheep, subterranean clover
Yield and water use of temperate pastures in summer dry environments
Authors: Moot D.J. , Brown H.E. , Pollock K. , Mills A.
Published: June 2020

The water use efficiencies (WUE) of a range of temperate pasture species were calculated from measurements on several different dryland and irrigated pastures in Canterbury. The annual WUE ranged from 6.7 kg DM/ ha/mm for a dryland cocksfoot pasture to 40 kg DM/ha/ mm for a dryland lucerne crop grown on a Wakanui silt loam soil. Keywords: Cichorium intybus, Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne, Medicago sativa, Trifolium ambiguum, T. michelianum, T. pratense, T. repens, T. subterraneum
Strategies used to manage climatic risk: Lessons from farmers with expertise in dryland farming
Authors: Gray D.I. , Kemp P.D. , Kenyon P.R. , Morris S.T. , Brookes I.M. , Matthew C. , Osborne M.
Published: June 2020

The management practices used by two brothers on their high performing summer-dry semi-finishing sheep and cattle farm were investigated over 2 1/2 years (2006- 2008). The study highlighted that in a dryland environment, the farmers designed their system to cope with both climatic variability and market risk. Keywords: management strategies, production risk, market risk, decision making, drought
Greenhouse gas assessment for the Lincoln University Dairy Farm
Authors: Barber A.J. , Pellow G.M. , Christie R.G. , Van Bysterveldt A.M.
Published: June 2020

The Lincoln University Dairy Farm (LUDF) is a commercial demonstration dairy farm achieving over 1700 kg MS/ha with 4.2 cows per hectare on a pasture based system. We compare greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from such a system with the "typical dairy farm". Keywords: intensive dairying, greenhouse gases, lifecycle assessment, nitrification inhibitor, eco-n
New Zealand made controlled release coated urea increases winter growth rates of Italian ryegrass with lower N leaching than uncoated urea
Authors: Bishop P.A. , Liu H.Y. , Hedley M.J. , Loganathan P.
Published: June 2020

In a field trial the application of 5 and 7% polyurethane coated controlled release urea, 10% dicyanodiamide coated urea and three x 50 split urea (SU) applications at 150 kg N/ha (150 N) increased winter pasture dry matter (DM) production of Italian ryegrass over the June-September period by between 1666 to 2240 kg DM/ha. These treatments also reduced nitrate leaching losses from 6.8 to 1 kg N/ha compared to urea (U). Keywords: controlled release urea, nitrogen utilisation, pasture, ryegrass
Can nitrogen fertiliser applied before sowing increase brassica yields in a dry environment?
Authors: Stevens D.R. , Carruthers A.Y.
Published: June 2020

Two experiments compared the effects of five rates (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 kg urea/ha) of urea (46% N) applied to existing pasture on subsequent establishment and final yields of two direct drilled brassica crops (turnips and kale, and swedes) on different soils in East Otago. Keywords: brassica, fertiliser, kale, nitrogen, swede, turnip
Deer and environment: Overseer® upgrade
Authors: Mcdowell R.W. , Wheeler D.M. , De Klein C.A.M. , Rutherford A.J.
Published: June 2020

Recent upgrades to the nutrient budgeting programme Overseer® that affect environmental outputs for deer farms include: the deer intake model, which can influence nitrogen leaching losses; phosphorus losses from areas affected by wallowing and fence-line pacing; and, the greenhouse gas emissions database. Keywords: fence-line pacing, nutrient budgeting, wallowing, water quality, soil quality
Indirect measurement of pasture mass and pasture growth rate on sheep and beef pastures
Authors: Litherland A.J. , Webby R. , Fraser T.J. , Matthew C. , Mccleod K. , Walcroft J. , Bryant J. , Devantier B. , Hoogendoorn C.J. , Moss R. , Clarke-Hill W.J. , Schreurs P.J.
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to develop calibrations for the measurement of pasture mass and pasture growth rate on sheep and beef pastures. Herbage within quadrats (0.12-0.2 m2) was measured with either an electronic rising plate meter (RPM) (n=2279), capacitance pasture meter (CPM) (n=693) or pasture ruler (n=2528) for the development of linear and curvilinear seasonal calibrations for pasture mass. Keywords: pasture mass, growth, rising plate meter, capacitance height, dead, dry matter, sheep, cattle
The Irrigation Calculator - a decision support tool for dairy farmers
Authors: Martin R.J. , Zyskowski R.F. , Thomas S.M. , Horrocks A.J. , Stevens D.R.
Published: June 2020

The Irrigation Calculator is a computer decision support tool that assists dairy farmers to decide when to irrigate, how much water to apply, and the consequences of wrong irrigation timings or amounts. The user interface has two data entry screens, one to enter background soils information, the other main screen for entering irrigator application times and amounts, grazings and run times. Keywords: model, pasture growth, soil moisture, evapotranspiration
Sustainability of high-country pastures under contrasting development inputs
Authors: Scott D.
Published: June 2020

The paper précis the key published results from two 26- year grazing trials, involving an initial 25 species mix under 35 different S and P fertiliser rates, three sheep stocking rates and two stocking combinations. Species separation and transition from legume to grass dominance depended on fertiliser rate. Keywords: high country, species suitability, Caucasian clover, lupin, grazing capacity, nutrient balance, fertiliser efficiency, sulphur
Pasture production gains from strategic winter nitrogen applications on a North Island sheep and beef hill country farm
Authors: Puha M.R. , King W.Mcg , Burggraaf V.T. , Roberts A.H.C.
Published: June 2020

Inadequate pasture growth from September to November has been a major constraint on animal production at Limestone Downs, Port Waikato. In an attempt to address this, urea was applied by air in two applications per year (late autumn + winter) at rates up to 250 kg N/ha/year for each of 3 years (2004-2007). Key words: nitrogen, slope, aspect, pasture growth, fertiliser response