bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of internal control on the quality of financial reports - Case study: The Ministry of Finance in Ramallah: أثر الرقابة الداخلية على جودة التقارير المالية دراسة حالة: وزارة المالية في رام الله
Authors: Othman Ahmed Sawafta, Samia Tawfeeq Assassa, Shatha Mosa Zed Othman Ahmed Sawafta, Samia Tawfeeq Assassa, Shatha Mosa Zed
Published: August 2021

This study aimed at identifying the effect of internal control on the quality of financial reports. Case study: The Ministry of Finance in Ramallah. The study sample consisted of (50) workers in the Ministry of Finance, and they were randomly selected from the study population. A questionnaire was adopted to collect data, and the data were processed statistically by using the SPSS program. The study found a set of results: There is a statistically significant effect at the level of significance (0.05) for internal control in its dimensions (follow-up, information and communication) on the quality of financial reports in their dimensions, and the control Environment and risk assessment have been excluded, and employees' perceptions about the level of application of control came The Ministry of Finance has a high degree of interior, and their perceptions about the availability of the characteristics necessary to achieve quality in the financial reports were also high. The study recommended the necessity of studying monitoring and performance reports before making transfers between employees, and the need for the ministry to make strategic plans for risks so that rapid measures are taken to confront risks and get rid It also recommended the necessity of presenting clear and understandable financial information in order to increase the value of the financial reports in order to suit the users of those reports to make sound decisions.
The impact peer Review Applicaiton on Reducing Audit Risk – A field study on the accounting auditing offices operating in Khartoum state –: أثر تطبيق مراجعة النظير على تقليل مخاطر المراجعة – دراسة ميدانية على مكاتب المحاسبة والمراجعة العاملة بولاية الخرطوم -
Authors: Ibrahim Yagub Ismail Osman, Aisha Mousa Mohammed Yousaf, Abe Ibrahim Yagub Ismail Osman, Aisha Mousa Mohammed Yousaf, Abe
Published: August 2021

The study aimed to identify the peer review and the extent of its use in the audit offices, and then to know its impact on reducing risks in the audit, the study used the descriptive analytical method to collect and analyze the study data based on primary sources such as the questionnaire where the study was applied in the audit offices in Khartoum, the study reached Results: Most of the accounting and auditing offices operating in Khartoum state are interested in implementing peer review,There is a positive and statistically significant relationship between risks and the inverse relation between the review of the report and the discovery risks. The study concluded with recommendations including the need to pay attention to the accounting and audit offices operating in Khartoum State to apply peer review to include all offices in Sudan due to their importance in improving the quality of audit.
The effect of applying the accounting reservation on the quality of the accounting information for the published financial statements – An analytical study of the " Basu" model –: أثر تطبيق التحفظ المحاسبي في جودة المعلومات المحاسبية للقوائم المالية المنشورة – دراسة تحليلية لنموذج " Basu" –
Authors: Zakia Seid Benzerrouk, Imane Ahmed laamari Zakia Seid Benzerrouk, Imane Ahmed laamari
Published: August 2021

In his interpretation of the precautionary principle, Basu believes that Conservatism in accounting leads to adverse expectations in most cases, as "bad news" affects profits faster than "good news". He concluded that the precautionary principle implies inconsistent differences between bad news and good news in a timely manner and impedes normally the continuity of the flow of profits. To prove his theory, Basu did a field study based on a study of the sensitivity of the profits of shares of economic companies, to measure the reality of bad news from and good news on the status of profits and the rate of. He found that the return on interest or negative gains are twice to six times greater than the returns of Positive earnings. He emphasized I expect and feel that the sensitivity of profits is greatly influenced by bad news.
Curcumin anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic effect on arteriovenous fistula maturation in patient with end-stage renal disease with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dedy Pratama  , Hendro Sudjono Yuwono  , Rudi Supriyadi  , Herry Herman  , Avicenna Akbar  , Bany Faris Amin  , Fachreza Aryo Damara
Published: August 2021

The primary clinical problem of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the high maturation failure rate. Curcumin shows anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumorigenic, and antiproliferative effects that may contribute to AVF maturation.  This study investigated the effectiveness of curcumin and acetylsalicylic acid on anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic effects on AVF maturation in patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) with diabetes mellitus (DM).  The present study is a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial consisting of curcumin, acetylsalicylic acid, or placebo intervention for eight weeks. A total of 67 participants completed the intervention. There was a higher level of nitric oxide (NO) between the curcumin and placebo four weeks (92.58±24.70 vs 75.67±16.50 µmol/L, adjusted p = 0.038) and eight weeks (95.27±28.77 vs 76.66±23.24 µmol/L, adjusted p <0.05) postoperatively. Higher-level of NO between acetylsalicylic acid and placebo (93.65±24.65 vs 75.67±16.50 µmol/L, adjusted p = 0.031) four weeks postoperatively. Curcumin increases NO after four and eight weeks and lowers MMP-9 four weeks after AVF operation. Acetylsalicylic acid increases NO four weeks after AVF surgery on ESRD patients with DM.
Antidiabetic and Antilipidemic activity of Poly herbal formulation (PHF) in STZ-NA induced diabetes in rats
Authors: Uma P  , Venkatachalam V V  , Mani Chandrika P  , Sorabh Kumar Agrawal
Published: August 2021

The effects of polyherbal formulations were studied in the streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induced diabetes rat model. The present study was undertaken to assess the effects of polyherbal formulations on the blood sugar level (BSL) as well as blood lipid level(BLL) of STZ-NA diabetic rats. The leaves of Moringa oleifera and roots of Raphanus raphanistrum were used for the study due to the presence of various phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, phenolic acids, flavonoids. Three polyherbal formulations were prepared from different portions of leaves of Moringa oleifera and roots of Raphanus raphanistrum and titled PHF-I, PHF-II and PHF-III. Diabetes in experimental animals was induced by STZ injection intraperitoneally (i. p) after 30 min of Nicotinamide injection i. p in all animal groups except normal control group animals. Group, I served as normal control received no treatment. Group II served as negative control received streptozotocin-nicotinamide. Group III rats were treated with Metformin, Group IV, Group V and Group VI rats treated with PHF-I, PHF-II and PHF-III respectively. Physical parameters (body weight, feed and water intake), Biochemical parameters (Blood Glucose, Serum Insulin, Serum C-Peptide Level, Serum Leptin, Serum Total cholesterol, Serum Triglycerides, LDL and VLDL) were measured on 0th, 14th and 28th day. The study results and histopathology of the pancreas indicate that oral administration of polyherbal formulation- II proved as a more effective, safe anti-diabetic agent in comparison to Polyherbal formulation I and III by Decrease in body weight, fasting blood glucose, serum glucose level. Increase in serum insulin level, serum C-peptide with a significant decrease in blood serum lipid level.
Hubungan Iklim dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD)
Authors: Irma Irma , Sabilu Yusuf , Harleli Harleli , AF Swaidatul Masluhiya
Published: August 2021

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a serious health problem, especially in tropical countries including east Indonesia. DHF cases in Bau-Bau City in the last three years have shown a significant increasing trend. In 2017 the IR DHF in Bau-Bau was 62,6 per 100.000 population, in 2018 the IR rate was 67,4 per 100,000 population, and the CFR rate was 1%, and in 2019 the IR DHF was 94,9 per 100,000 population with the CFR increasing to 1,3%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between rainfall and humidity with the incidence of DHF. This study is an ecological study using secondary data on DHF and climate which were collected retrospectively. Data on dengue fever for 566 cases were taken from the Health Office of Bau-Bau City and data on climate were taken from the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) Meteorological Station Class II Betoambari Bau-Bau City. The analysis was carried out univariate and bivariate with the Spearman correlation test at 0,05 to determine the relationship between rainfall and humidity with the incidence of DHF. The results of the Spearman correlation test of rainfall with the incidence of DHF obtained a value of=0,006 and r=0,35 and air temperature with the incidence of DHF with a value of=0,000 and a value of r=0,576. Climatic factors, namely rainfall and air temperature, are associated with the incidence of dengue fever in Bau-Bau City, Southeast Sulawesi.
Literature Review: Gizi Antenatal terhadap Kejadian Stunting
Authors: Pristya Terry Y.R. , Fitri Azizah M , Wahyuningtyas Widayani
Published: August 2021

The period of pregnancy is one of the two causes of stunting. Nutritional intake during pregnancy is necessary for the growth and development of the organs that are being formed. The purpose of this literature review is to analyze the factors that cause stunting originating from pregnancy in terms of antenatal nutrition. This study is a literature review which is a primary data research article on antenatal nutrition on stunting conducted in Indonesia. The data source used is in the form of journal publications with research locations in Indonesia. Search for articles using a search engine with databases on Google Scholar and Garuda Portal. Keywords in English and Indonesian, include nutrition, pregnant women, stunting, nutrition, antenatal, pregnancy. Obtained 5 articles that fit the inclusion criteria then synthesized the data. The results showed that the factors causing stunting originating from the period of pregnancy in terms of antenatal nutrition consisted of protein, energy, and iron. One of the actions that can be taken to avoid deficiency of these nutritional elements during pregnancy is by providing education to pregnant women to pay attention to nutritional intake during pregnancy.
Peningkatan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil Anemia dengan Kombinasi Pemberian Tablet Fe dan Madu
Authors: Ahmady Ahmady , Pulungan Zulhaini Sartika A. , Purnomo Edi
Published: August 2021

The problem for pregnant women is iron anemia. The natural material that contains iron is honey. The study aims to determine the difference in hemoglobin levels in pregnant anemic who are supplemented Fe tablets and honey. Quasi-experimental research with nonrandomized pretest and posttest with control group design. Samples amounted to 30 people with purposive sampling technique. Analysis using paired t-test and independent sample t-test. The hemoglobin levels of anemic pregnant given Fe tablets only increased by 0,31gr/dl (3,21%), while those given Fe tablets and honey increased 1,06gr/dl (12,20%). Combination Fe tablets and honey can be an alternative for increasing hemoglobin in anemic pregnant.Â
Pengetahuan dan Sikap Mahasiswa Keperawatan terhadap Protokol Kesehatan di Masa New Normal
Authors: Zuhana Zuhana , Pebriani Sintiya Halisya , Saputra Adi
Published: August 2021

The spread of the covid-19 virus can be prevented by implementing health protocols such as washing hands regularly or using a hand sanitizer, using a mask, applying cough etiquette, and maintaining physical distance and social distancing. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes on the implementation of health protocols in nursing students of STIK Siti Khadijah Palembang. The design of this study used a descriptive correlation method with a cross-sectional approach, a total sample of 191 respondents with a total sampling technique, and the data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank (Rho). Data collection using an online-based questionnaire (google form) regarding knowledge, attitudes, and actions regarding the implementation of health protocols. The results of the analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes toward the implementation of health protocols (p-value=0,007; r=0,248; p-value=0,001; r=0,301). Compliance with health protocols during the new normal period is very important to break the chain of the spread of the covid-19 virus.
Kualitas Air Rawa terhadap Keluhan Kesehatan Masyarakat Desa
Authors: Agustina Norsita , Chandra Chandra , Aquarista Muhammad Febriza
Published: August 2021

Swamp water is the source of water used Banyu Hirang Village community. The research objective is to analyze the turbidity, levels of iron and organic matter content, and community health complaints. Sampling by purposive proportional random sampling 34 people. Swamp water sampling points were carried out at 7 points, 3Â  from dug wells and 4 from drilled wells. Data examination of water quality in the form of turbidity, levels of iron, and organic matter content through laboratory testing in Research and Industry Standards (BARISTAND) Banjarbaru. While data with a health complaint questionnaire interviews. The study states examination physical and chemical parameters in swamp water wells exceeded the threshold-based Permenkes No.32/2017 with a maximum standard of 25 NTU, iron there are 2 points whose threshold value is less than the maximum limit of 10mg/L. In drilled wells with physical parameters of turbidity at 4 points less than the threshold, for iron at 4 points less than the threshold of 1,0mg/L and organic matter, there are 3 points where the threshold value is less than the maximum limit of 10mg/L, while 1 point of 12,86mg/L exceeds the threshold. For health complaints, there are 12% of respondents experience health complaints of red skin, 73% have complaints of itchy skin and 15% have scaly skin. Suggestions to improve health promotion, especially about the importance of treating water before use and immediately swamp allocate construction of water supply to avoid the risk of health problems.
Media Promosi Kesehatan Hygiene Sanitasi Pengolahan Makanan pada Industri Rumah Tangga Tempe
Authors: Saputra Dimas Yoga , Denny Hanifa Maher , Setyaningsih Yuliani
Published: August 2021

The majority of the people of Beji Village, Batu City, make a living as tempe craftsmen. Observations related to the sanitation hygiene of tempe processing workers are still not good. Based on the results of interviews with the head of the tempe craftsmen association in Beji Village, it is stated that there has never been any counseling related to sanitation hygiene. For this reason, promotion efforts are needed. food processing hygiene and sanitation to increase knowledge of personal hygiene attitudes and practices at work. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) design and the P-Process theoretical framework, namely from step 1 in the form of target analysis, step 2 strategic design, to step 3 media development. Questionnaires were given to 20 respondents and interviewed to explore the characteristics of respondents. In addition, validation tests were also carried out by 4 expert reviewers. Tempe home industry workers need additional information about personal hygiene standards and behavior at work. The media created were adapted to the characteristics of the respondents using Indonesian and the Malangan local language as slogans. The results of this study were posters, leaflets, and videos with messages about the importance of personal hygiene in working using a rational approach with the aim that the target gains new knowledge to increase knowledge Attitudes and practices of processing workers are related to the importance of personal hygiene at work.
Hubungan Konsep Diri Dengan Penerimaan Diri Pasien Kanker Payudara
Authors: Merlin Ni Made , Toba Yulianti , Pandie Fance Roynaldo , Vanchapo Antonius Rino
Published: August 2021

Breast cancer is one of the most common types of disease in women. The number of breast cancer incidence is always increasing every year. Breast cancer can cause several psychological complaints, one of which is self-acceptance and self-concept. Purpose: the purpose of this study was to see the relationship between self-concept and self-acceptance of breast cancer patients. The study design was cross-sectional with a consecutive sampling technique. This study was conducted in the I inpatient room at the RSUD. Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Kupang. The number of respondents in this study was 50 patients. The statistical test used is chi-square. 25 patients with breast cancer in inpatient room who experienced negative self-concept, most of the breast cancer patients experienced moderate self-acceptance as many as 26 people, statistical test results obtained p-value 0,01. There is a relationship between self-concept and self-acceptance of breast cancer patients indicated by a p-value<0,05.
Pengaruh Penyuluhan Partisipatif untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Penerapan Gizi Seimbang dalam Penanggulangan Stunting
Authors: Rohayati Rohayati , Aprina Aprina
Published: August 2021

The incidence of stunting in Lampung increased from 3 (three) to 4 (four) out of 10 (ten) toddlers who experienced stunting. One way to overcome the high incidence of stunting is through counseling about balanced nutrition. The purpose of the study was to measure the effect of participatory counseling on the application of balanced nutrition to children under five on stunting prevention. This type of quantitative research with a Quasi-experimental research design was conducted in Panjang Bandar Lampung, from April to November 2020. The subjects were 60 mothers of children under five who were divided into the intervention group (30 people), and the control group (30 people). The research instrument used was a questionnaire and a knowledge test instrument, the intervention group received treatment in the form of participatory counseling while the control group only filled out the research instrument, namely a questionnaire. The previous data analysis was tested for normality by Shapiro Wilk then tested the data using the t-test. The results showed that there was an effect of participatory counseling in the application of balanced nutrition in increasing the knowledge of mothers of children under five (p-value=0,010). Participatory counseling was more effective in increasing knowledge about balanced nutrition compared to the control group (p-value=0,000). In conclusion, participatory counseling is significant in increasing mother's knowledge about balanced nutrition and has a better effect than other methods. Suggestion, one method of health promotion to overcome the problem of stunting is through participatory counseling.Â
Investigating the effect of sports participation on the mental health and wellbeing of adolescents in New Zealand
Authors:   , McGifford Olivia
Published: August 2021

The physical health benefits of sports participation have been well-established, however, the influences on mental health and wellbeing may still be unclear (Slater & Tiggemann, 2011; Steiner et al., 2000). The argument currently stands that sports participation has positive influences on mental health and wellbeing for adolescents, however, there are movements towards the concept that the sporting environment may foster negative experiences for adolescents. Two studies were conducted in order to assess the relationship between sports participation and wellbeing. Study One firstly examined sex differences and effect of sports participation on wellbeing. Consistent with previous research, females demonstrated higher levels of depression and anxiety, while males exhibited higher levels of self-esteem. Sports participation only influenced levels of depression, and not anxiety or self-esteem. Self-esteem mediated the relationship between gender and wellbeing, while sports participation did not. Study Two investigated the effect of sports participation on the wellbeing of adolescent males in New Zealand. A particular focus was taken on the possible negative influence New Zealand rugby culture may have on wellbeing. Contrary to previous research, sports participation did not have an effect on depression, anxiety, stress, conformity to masculine norms or sporting identity. Those who played an individual sport had higher levels of self-esteem and sports orientation compared to those who did not play sports, but not team sports or rugby. This research is one of the first to look at male adolescents and more specifically rugby culture and its effects on wellbeing. Mixed results from Study One and Two indicate that there are possibly gaps in the theory about sports participation and its effect of wellbeing, suggesting that further research is needed to expand the knowledge around this relationship.
The challenges and implementation in overcoming stunting by primary health care practitioners
Authors: Tampubolon Nurhannifah Rizky , Haryanti Fitri , Akhmadi Akhmadi
Published: August 2021

Stunting events in Indonesia have fallen by around 7% in the last 5 years. That declined nationally has not been followed by a decrease in the prevalence of stunting in all primary health care (PHC), one of the PHC in Gunung Kidul Regency, has been able to reduce stunting prevalence in the last 3 years. The purpose of this study was to find out how the challenges and implementation faced by PHC practitioner Gunung Kidul Regency to overcoming the problem of stunting. Qualitative descriptive with single case study design. Data collection was conducted with semi-structured interviews with 5 PHC practitioners and triangulation of resources with cadres and village government. PHC practitioners village government and cadres had the same perspective to overcoming the problem of stunting, but the community was still unfamiliar. This was a challenge for health center practitioner. In addition, the measurement of growth of children under five carried out by cadres at the posyandu was considered to be inaccurate health workers. Therefore the implementation of the 1000 HPK Movement places more emphasis on strengthening the capacity of cadres in capturing stunting toddlers and how cadres provide infant and child feeding counseling so that stunting toddlers were more quickly detected and stunting problems were more likely to be overcome. PHC practitioners do the same perception with the village government and cadres in overcoming the problem of stunting, so that the collaboration has an impact on reducing the prevalence of stunting. The challenge faced by PHC practitioners is to maintain the accuracy of the measurement of infant growth by cadres in the posyandu by increasing assistance.
Factors Associated With Post-Stroke Self Efficacy
Authors: Istiana Fuji , Handayani Fitria , Arifin Muhamad Thohar
Published: August 2021

One of the psychological problems experienced by stroke patients is self-efficacy. Stroke patients on average lack confidence in themselves to do exercises or activities that will have an impact on the recovery process of stroke patients. Several factors that vary related to low self-efficacy in stroke patients are one of the causes. The scoping review aims to identify factors related to self-efficacy in a post-stroke patient. The methods use a systematic review through review articles relevant to the topic from CINAHL database, MEDLINE, Academic search ultimate, science direct, and Taylor & Francis with a publication year spanning 2015 to 2020 and with the keyword “self-efficacy” and “stroke” then analyzed using a synthesis matrix. The inclusion criteria in this study were articles in English with longitudinal study design or cross-sectional study and self-efficacy as the dependent variable. The results of a review of four journals that met the inclusion criteria found factors related to self-efficacy in a post-stroke patient including depression, age, vascular history, fear, physical activity, Body Mass Index (BMI) and emotional function. The study concludes that depression, age, vascular history, fear, physical activity, Body Mass Index (BMI) and emotional function are factors related to self-efficacy in post-stroke patients. The factor most strongly associated with post-stroke patients self-efficacy is depression.
An outbreak of salmonellosis among Filipinos in a private camp, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Awaidy Salah Th.
Published: August 2021

In October 1994, 19 Filipino professional staff of a large company in Damman city were hospitalized with acute febrile gastroenteritis. All ate three daily meals at the company cafeteria. A case-control investigation was begun to determine the cause of the outbreak. We searched the compound for any resident with a diarrhoeal illness. Both cases and controls were asked where and when foods were eaten during the three days before onset. Stool cultures were done for all patients and all 25 kitchen employees. Food cooking, handling and storage procedures were reviewed
Surveillance for tuberculosis in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Seita Akihiro
Published: August 2021

Tuberculosis is an important public health problem in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. It is crucial for each country to develop a national tuberculosis surveillance system. WHO has developed a standardized tuberculosis surveillance system through which two important indicators for tuberculosis control, a cure rate and a case detection rate, can be collected. The number of countries that have adopted the WHO tuberculosis surveillance system has been increasing in the Region. At the moment, 13 countries have reported a cure rate, which is the most important indicator for national tuberculosis control programmes. It is hoped that more countries will adopt this system.
The distribution of tuberculin reaction among children at school entry in Madaba, Jordan
Authors: Hussein Seif El Din S. , Yaccub Alim A. H.
Published: August 2021

The present study reports the results of a tuberculin test survey of a representative sample of BCG unvaccinated children at school entry age in the Madaba district in Jordan in 1991-92. Preschool household contacts of positive schoolchildren and a 5% random sample of negative schoolchildren were also screened by the same test. Three out of the 746 children screened by the initial school survey were found to be positive giving a prevalence rate of 0.4%. The overall prevalence rate of infection among preschool contacts was found to be 10.1% [28.6% among the contacts of the positive schoolchildren compared to 8.1% among contacts of the negative children]
Collaboration: the key to investigations of emerging and re-emerging diseases
Authors: Hatch Douglas L. , Imam Imam Z.
Published: August 2021

Countries need teams of well trained epidemiologists with extensive field experience to work with clinicians and laboratory scientists to conduct prompt and effective outbreak investigations of epidemics. To identify these outbreaks of possible emerging or re-emerging problems, existing surveillance must be strengthened and the quality of data validated routinely. In addition, ministry of health officials and international agencies need an open, collaborative, scientific work environment. The best environment to design effective interventions and control measures to limit the impact of these newly identified problems on the public’s health is one of cooperation and collaboration
Environmental factors associated with emergence of disease with special reference to cholera
Authors: Huq Anwarul , Colwell Rita R.
Published: August 2021

Many serious diseases related to environmental factors have recently emerged worldwide. This paper examines such factors, giving particular attention to a newly recognized serotype of Vibrio cholerae, which has caused epidemics in India and Bangladesh
A retrospective audit of electroconvulsive therapy at King Khalid University Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhamad A. M. , Al Haidar F.
Published: August 2021

The case records of patients receiving ECT at King Khalid University Hospital over a 10-year period were reviewed for all aspects of ethical and technical administration of ECT. The audit of 127 patients showed some deficiencies in the early years: no seizure monitoring, no training or education for staff [particularly psychiatrists and anaesthetists], and the use of atropine as a premedication for all patients. Recently, regular education and staff training have been organized and seizure timing regularly monitored. Use of an ECT machine with EEG monitoring and the systematic and scaled monitoring of complications is recommended. Results show the necessity of ECT auditing, including an unbiased external audit for effective monitoring of the practical administration of ECT. Similar audits in other mental health institutions in Saudi Arabia are recommended
Safer roads for children in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Dawson K. P. , Bener A.
Published: August 2021

A study was conducted to obtain a representative view of the parents of primary school children regarding which strategies should be employed to reduce the toll of road traffic accidents in the United Arab Emirates. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in Al-Ain, UAE, in which parents were asked to give their suggestions on how to make the roads safer for their children. Strategies aimed at reducing vehicle speed, improved personal driving, adherence to existing rules, and driver and pedestrian education were regarded as paramount. There is widespread awareness of road safety problems in the country and the public appears ready to accept major safety initiatives by government agencies
[The antibiotherapy in general medicine in Monastir, Tunisia]
Authors: Belghith Z. , Khayeche F. , Soltani M. S. , Ben Salem K. , Bchir A.
Published: August 2021

La fréquence et le coût de l’antlbiothérapie ont été étudiés chez 563 patients ayant consulté dans les structures publiques de première ligne de la ville de Monastir [Tunisie]pour pathologie aiguë au cours d’une quinzaine de jours du mois de Juin 1995. La fréquence de Panti l’anhbiothérapie est de 50, 4%. La prescription d’un seul antibiotique est la règle et 52, 8% des patients sont mis sous antibiotiques sans demande d’examens complémentaires. Les pénicillines G et A sont les plus utilisées. Le coût des antibiotiques représente 34, 7% du coût médicamenteux supporté par le patient et 49, 7% du coût supporté par le secteur public. La rationalisation de la prescription médicamenteuse aura un impact positif sur les budgets des ménages et de l’Etat
Frequency and types of skin disorders and associated diabetes mellitus in elderly Jordanians
Authors: Najdawi F. , Fa'ouri M.
Published: August 2021

A retrospective study of 232 elderly patients seen between August 1998 and April 2000 at the skin clinic in Princess Haya hospital, Aqaba, was undertaken to determine the prevalence of skin disorders, and those most commonly associated with diabetes mellitus, in the elderly. Eczema/dermatitis was the commonest skin disorder seen [25.9% of cases], followed by pruritus without skin lesions [15.1%], viral infection [14.7%, most commonly herpes zoster], fungal infection [13.8%], and bacterial infection [10.3%]. Bacterial infection was the commonest skin disorder in patients with diabetes mellitus [62.5%], followed by fungal infection [50.0%]. Skin diseases cause considerable morbidity in elderly people; health promotion and education can do much to reduce the risks of these disorders in the elderly, especially those with diabetes
Mid upper arm and calf circumferences as indicators of nutritional status in women of reproductive age
Authors: Khadivzadeh T.
Published: August 2021

Mid upper arm circumference [MUAC] is recognized as an effective means of screening for poor nutritional status in adults. The efficacy of calf circumference [CC] as a screening tool, however, is not well reported. We studied 2000 healthy women [age range: 15-49 years] in Mashed, Islamic Republic of Iran, to assess anthropometric measurements at reproductive age and the usefulness of MUAC and CC for estimating body mass index [BMI] and screening of women at nutritional risk. We found a strong correlation between MUAC and CC with weight and BMI, suggesting that MUAC and CC can be used to estimate BMI and detect nutritional disorders
Prevalence of smoking and age of initiation in Alexandria, Egypt
Authors: Youssef R. M. , Abou Khatwa S. A. , Fouad H. M.
Published: August 2021

A cross-sectional survey on tobacco use in the city of Alexandria, Egypt, used an interview questionnaire based on World Health Organization guidelines. The study in 2000 included 2120 participants aged 15 to 86 years. More than a quarter [27.2%] were current smokers [25.5% daily smokers and 1.7% occasional smokers] and 3.5% were ex-smokers. Current smokers spent 23.1% of their family income on tobacco. The prevalence of current smoking was significantly higher among men [48.5%] than women [1.5%] and the mean age of initiation of smoking was lower among men [18.1 years] than women [22.6 years]. The high prevalence of tobacco use among men is of concern, so too is the likelihood that tobacco use will increase among women. Further research is needed into factors that prevent people from starting smoking and assist them stopping smoking
PRINCIPLES OF ANGIOCORRECTIVE THERAPY FOR DERMATOSES (PROBLEM LECTURE)
Authors: Kuts Larisa
Published: August 2021

The subject of the research is the angiocorrective therapy of dermatoses. The goal is to classify methods of influencing the structures of the vascular (venous) wall in the treatment of dermatoses. The treatment of many dermatoses, in the pathogenesis of which vasopathy plays a role, requires an individual approach to the choice of means of angiocorrective therapy. In this case, one should take into account the peculiarities of the pathogenesis of the corresponding skin disease and determine the «target structures» of the vascular (venous) wall, the effects on which will provide the necessary clinical effect.Key words: angiocorrective therapy, structures of the venous wall.
Gelibolu Yarımadası Savaş Arkeojeofiziği Çalışmaları: Şahindere Şehitliği ve Lone Pine Anıtı Örnek Bölgeleri
Authors: Yalçıner Cahit , Kurban Yunus Can , Gündoğdu Erdem , Yücel Mehmet Ali
Published: August 2021

Çanakkale Savaşı veya Çanakkale Muharebeleri, I. Dünya Savaşı sırasında 1915–1916 yılları arasında Gelibolu Yarımadası'nda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile İtilaf Devletleri arasında yapılan deniz ve kara muharebeleridir. İtilaf Devletleri; Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nun başkenti İstanbul'u alarak İstanbul ve Çanakkale boğazlarının kontrolünü ele geçirmek, Rusya'yla güvenli bir erzak tedarik ve askeri ikmal yolu açmak, başkent İstanbul′u zapt etmek suretiyle Almanya′nın müttefiklerinden birini savaş dışı bırakarak İttifak Devletlerini zayıflatmak amaçları ile ilk hedef olarak Çanakkale Boğazı'nı seçmişlerdir. Ancak saldırıları başarısız olmuş ve geri çekilmek zorunda kalmışlardır. Kara ve deniz savaşı sonucunda iki taraf da çok ağır kayıplar vermiştir. Dünyanın en kanlı ve yoğun çarpışmalarının yaşandığı cephelerde, özellikle İtilaf Devletlerinin kayıpları ile beraber geri çekilme süreçlerinde mühimmat ve teçhizatlarını yanlarına almadan gerek gömerek gerekse tahrip ederek arkalarında bırakmışlardır. Gelişen teknolojik yenilikler sayesinde yeraltında gömülü durumda bulunan obje ya da kalıntıların tespiti belirlenen bölgelerde yapılan jeofizik, jeodezik ve uzaktan algılama çalışmaları ile belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında araştırma bölgeleri Şahindere Şehitliği ve Lone Pine Anıtı çevresi olarak seçilerek jeofizik, jeodezik ve uzaktan algılama-insansız hava aracı (İHA) uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Şahindere Şehitliğindeki ölçümler ile şehitlik alanın mevcut halinden çok daha geniş olduğu belirlenmiştir. Lone Pine mevkiinde yapılan ölçümler ile siper hatlarını birbirine bağlayan tünel yerleri net olarak haritalanmıştır. Bu kapsamda yapılan ilk detaylı çalışma olan bu uygulama hem mevcut verilere büyük katkı sağlamış hem ileride yapılacak çalışmalara yön verecek bulgular sağlamıştır.
The use of financial statements in proving an offense in the accounting system
Authors: Yanushkina Yuliya , Laschinskaya Natal'ya
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the issues of deliberate distortion of accounting (financial) statements and its impact on the economic security of an economic entity in the accounting system.
Features of the economic safety of chemical industry enterprises A.A. Buravova
Authors: Buravova Alena
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the state of the chemical industry in terms of economic security. The article presents the main indicators of the export and import of chemical products in Russia in the conditions of the crisis, together with this, the definition of the economic security of chemical enterprises is clarified, and the main specific threats to the economic safety of chemical enterprises are identified and considered.
Issues of ensuring Russia's economic security during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Suglobov Aleksandr , Karpovich Oleg
Published: August 2021

This article discusses the main problems of ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global financial and energy crisis. Proposals are presented to overcome a number of negative trends, taking into account the current situation.
Frequent callers to UK ambulance services in the COVID-19 pandemic: managing mental health, social isolation and loneliness
Authors: Scott Jason , Burtrand Helen , Churchill Tim , Cole Robert , Collins Tracy , Daxner Nathan , Fidler Gayle , Hammond-Williams Jonathan , Marlow Benjamin , McNally Angela , O’Keefe John , Petterson Robin , Powell Deborah , Scott Stephanie , Scaife Jayne , Smylie Joanna , Strickland Annette
Published: August 2021

Objectives: Patients who frequently call ambulance services are a vulnerable yet heterogeneous population with unmet multiple and complex physical health, mental health and/or social care needs. In this article, we report the challenges that the COVID-19 pandemic has introduced
for ambulance services across the UK when managing frequent callers, and reflect on how existing systems and practices are adapting to support changing patient needs.Methods: Data reported in this article comprise reflections from the frequent caller leads in each ambulance service
in the UK. All data were provided between 23 April 2020 and 1 May 2020, shortly after the peak of the outbreak in the UK. A single anonymised case study is also reported to illustrate how the pandemic is affecting people’s circumstances and contributing to frequent caller behaviour.Results:
Ambulance services are observing changes to the frequent caller population, with many new frequent callers due to health anxiety caused or exacerbated by the pandemic. Management of frequent callers is also changing, with multidisciplinary and multi-agency working becoming more challenging
due to decreased access to external services, whether in social care or the community and voluntary sector, and the redeployment of ambulance service staff. There is also decreased face-to-face contact with frequent callers, meaning that opportunities to deliver person-centred care are reduced.
However, the introduction or increased use of tele/video conferencing with other organisations has mitigated some of these challenges, and in some cases has improved engagement among external organisations.Conclusions: Health anxieties, lack of access to other health, social and
community and voluntary sector services and exacerbations of social isolation and/or loneliness have reportedly contributed to changing behaviour among frequent callers. The COVID-19 pandemic has also affected how ambulance services have been able to manage frequent callers. Ambulance services
should continue to engage with external organisations to aid the delivery of person-centred care, particularly organisations with experience in multiple complex needs such as mental health, social isolation and/or loneliness. Future research should examine the consequences of the pandemic
for frequent users of ambulance services, and how these impact on the wider health and care community.
FUZZY SET THEORY---------- SOME USEFUL DISCUSSIONS AND INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: Bhattacharyya Surajit
Published: August 2021

In this paper I have discussed some basic but very important theories of fuzzy set theory with numerous examples. I have investigated α-sets, operations of fuzzy numbers, on interval fuzzy sets and also on fuzzy mappings. I have introduced S.Bs. class of fuzzy complements with its increasing and decreasing generators .
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TOURISM INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY
Authors: Bagchi Sraboni
Published: August 2021

The tourism industry is one of the fastest-growing service industries in Bangladesh. This industry observed consistent economic growth for the last five years and contributed significantly to the GDP of Bangladesh. The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic impacted the tourism industry notedly. This paper aims to explore the impact on the tourism industry of Bangladesh, considering the economic and environmental aspects. The study found a catastrophic impact on the tourism industry's economic growth, which also affects the country’s total GDP growth. The tourism industry is expected to contribute 1309.27 billion Taka, which would be 3.20% of the total GDP of Bangladesh, but the actual contribution is 539.60 billion Taka which is 1.70% of total GDP. The pandemic also negatively affected employment opportunities, tourists’ arrival rate, hotel occupancy rate, and total tourism expenditures. On the other hand, despite some negative issues, Covid-19 impacted positively on the natural environment. The air quality improved, water pollution, noise pollution, consumption of natural resources, emission of greenhouse gas reduced notably. Considering the positive impacts on the environment, this study also formulated some possible recovery strategies to regain the economic losses through sustainable tourism development.
QUALITY BENCHMARKING IN BUSINESS PERFORMANCE USING SURVEYING TECHNIQUE – REVIEW
Authors: P Sivasankaran , B Radjaram
Published: August 2021

In today’s scenario every business organization will try to establish their own objectives/Goals for successful execution in every stage of business performance management system. Benchmarking plays a major role in today’s high competitive work culture in order to compare the actual performance or output against the known standards.  Using benchmarking tool we can assess the performance of business process by measuring the quality of resources, cost of resources, Market share assessment and customer satisfaction level etc are some of the factors which are strongly considered for evaluation. With the help of this tool we can find out the strength and weakness of the organization. In this paper attempt has been made to conduct survey analysis based on literature review information. The study is focused on the performance of engineering educational institutions in India with strong vision and mission statements. Hence a detailed survey form is designed using Google form applications with all parameters.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COCONUT ECOTYPES IN BENIN COASTAL ZONE
Authors: Daa-Kpode Ulysse Ayihaou , Avogbe Patrice Hodonou , Djedatin Gustave , Datchiglo Daniel , Bakpe Aristide , Aide Edmond Sacla , Salako Kolawolé Valère , Moussa Farid Baba , Adeoti Kifouli
Published: August 2021

Coconut water is highly consumed for refreshment due to its nutritional value. However, its nutritional value varies according to the ecotype and stage of maturity of ecotype. In order to identify best ecotypes with high nutritious value, a physico-chemical composition of ten (10) ecotypes was performed at earlier stage of maturity (3 months). The measured parameters were: coconut height, mass of water, total sugar content, soluble sugar content, protein, titratable acidity and pH.  The obtained results showed that all parameters vary from one ecotype to another. All coconut ecotypes contain water slightly acid with a pH value less than 7.  Furthermore, there is no relationship between physical and biochemical parameters. However, within characterized ecotypes, Ecotype_2, appeared to have the best biochemical composition with a significant amount of water. This study provided important informations related to physico-chemical characteristics of coconuts ecotypes found in the coastal zone.
Infodemia, desinformação, pós-verdade
Authors: Araújo Carlos Alberto Ávila
Published: August 2021

This article seeks to present the current information regimes by analyzing the concepts used to describe the various contemporary informational phenomena. Seven concepts are analyzed: fake news, bullshit, hate speech, scientific denialism, disinformation, infodemic and post-truth. Next, these phenomena are analyzed from an informational perspective, in their technical, cognitive and pragmatic dimensions. Finally, it is concluded that the actions to combat the perverse effects of such phenomena are urgent, but they demand a work of clarity of the concepts involved in the processes on which one wants to act.
A trench in the fight against disinformation
Authors: Borges Juliano , Coelho Bezerra Arthur
Published: August 2021

With the aim of gathering information for an article (recently published in Brazil) about Sleeping Giants’ fight against the political economy of disinformation, Brazilian researchers Juliano Borges and Arthur Coelho Bezerra interviewed the co-creator of the SG movement in the United States, Nandini Jammi, on October 2020. In this interview, Jammi addresses programmatic advertising, discusses the tactic found by Sleeping Giants to demonetize uninformative sites and takes a position on the responsibility of platforms to contain hate speech and disinformation on the internet. She explains how the initiative begins by targeting the disinformation site Breitbart News, and evolves into a digital civic movement that now relies on the collaborative work of unknown volunteers, including spontaneous cell creation in countries like Canada, France and Brazil.