bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Follicular lymphoma without lymphadenopathy incidentally diagnosed by sentinel lymph node biopsy during breast cancer surgery: a case report
Authors: Hiraoka Emiko , Masumoto Norio , Furukawa Takaoki , Kuraoka Norimasa , Nagamine Ichiro , Kido Aya , Sentani Kazuhiro , Ootagaki Sunao
Published: September 2022

Background

Concurrent breast cancer and malignant lymphoma is a rare phenomenon. This report describes malignant lymphoma that was incidentally diagnosed from a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) during breast cancer surgery.

Case presentation

A 73-year-old woman with a history of ovarian cancer and diabetes presented with right focal asymmetric density on a mammogram acquired during routine breast cancer screening. Ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 13.5-mm tumor in the upper lateral region of the right breast. A US-guided Mammotome biopsy revealed invasive ductal carcinoma of the right breast. Preoperative assessments including positron emission tomography–computerized tomography, found no evidence of axillary lymphadenopathy or distant metastasis. Because the breast cancer was stage I, the patient underwent a right mastectomy and a sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) at our hospital. Pathological assessment of the biopsy revealed follicular lymphoma (FL), but no metastatic breast cancer. The patient was referred to hematology to stage the FL. Bone marrow findings were negative and stage I FL was diagnosed. After the mastectomy, she was monitored and given adjuvant therapy with an aromatase inhibitor.

Conclusions

Follicular lymphoma was incidentally diagnosed from an SLNB obtained to determine the dissemination of early-stage breast cancer. Collaboration with hematologists is important to determine optimal treatment plans for such patients regardless of the rarity of such events.
The first two mitochondrial genomes for the genus Ramaria reveal mitochondrial genome evolution of Ramaria and phylogeny of Basidiomycota
Authors: Li Qiang , Li Lijiao , Zhang Ting , Xiang Peng , Wu Qian , Tu Wenying , Bao Zhijie , Zou Liang , Chen Cheng
Published: September 2022

In the present study, we assembled and analyzed the mitogenomes of twoRamariaspecies. The assembled mitogenomes ofRamariacfr.rubripermanensandR. rubellawere circularized, with sizes of 126,497 bp and 143,271 bp, respectively. Comparative mitogenome analysis showed that intron region contributed the most (contribution rate, 43.74%) to the size variations ofRamariamitogenomes. The genetic contents, gene length, tRNAs, and codon usages of the twoRamariamitogenomes varied greatly. In addition, the evolutionary rates of different core protein coding genes (PCGs) inPhallomycetidaemitogenomes varied. We detected large-scale gene rearrangements betweenPhallomycetidaemitogenomes, including gene displacement and tRNA doubling. A total of 4499 bp and 7746 bp aligned fragments were detected between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes ofR.cfr.rubripermanensandR. rubella, respectively, indicating possible gene transferring events. We further found frequent intron loss/gain and potential intron transfer events inPhallomycetidaemitogenomes during the evolution, and the mitogenomes ofR. rubellacontained a novel intron P44. Phylogenetic analyses using both Bayesian inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods based on a combined mitochondrial gene dataset obtained an identical and well-supported phylogenetic tree forBasidiomycota, whereinR.cfr.rubripermanensandTurbinellus floccosusare sister species. This study served as the first report on mitogenomes from the genusRamaria, which provides a basis for understanding the evolution, genetics, and taxonomy of this important fungal group.
Low Thrombin Generation in Users of a Contraceptive Containing Estetrol and Drospirenone
Authors: Morimont Laure , Jost Maud , Gaspard Ulysse , Foidart Jean-Michel , Dogné Jean-Michel , Douxfils Jonathan
Published: September 2022

Objective

To compare the impact on thrombin generation of the new combined oral contraceptive containing 15 mg estetrol and 3 mg drospirenone with ethinylestradiol (30 or 20 mcg) associated either with 150 mcg levonorgestrel or with 3 mg drospirenone.

Methods

Data were collected from the “E4/DRSP Endocrine Function, Metabolic Control and Hemostasis Study” (NCT02957630). Overall, the per-protocol set population included 24 subjects in the ethinylestradiol/levonorgestrel arm, 28 subjects in the ethinylestradiol/drospirenone arm, and 34 subjects in the estetrol/drospirenone arm. Thrombograms and thrombin generation parameters (lag time, peak, time to peak, endogenous thrombin potential, and mean velocity rate index) were extracted for each subject at baseline and after 6 cycles of treatment.

Results

After 6 cycles of treatment, ethinylestradiol-containing products arms show a mean thrombogram outside the upper limit of the reference range, that is the 97.5th percentile of all baseline thrombograms. On the other hand, the mean thrombogram of estetrol/drospirenone is within this reference interval. After 6 cycles of treatment, all thrombin generation parameters are statistically less affected by estetrol/drospirenone than ethinylestradiol-containing products.

Conclusions

In conclusion, an association of 15 mg estetrol with 3 mg drospirenone does not have an impact on thrombin generation compared with ethinylestradiol-containing products that, either associated with levonorgestrel or drospirenone, are able to increase the production of procoagulant factors and decrease the production of anticoagulant ones, shifting the patient to a prothrombotic state. Ethinylestradiol-containing products thus generate prothrombotic environments contrary to estetrol which demonstrates a neutral profile on hemostasis.
Early Detection and Correction of Cerebral Desaturation With Noninvasive Oxy-Hemoglobin, Deoxy-Hemoglobin, and Total Hemoglobin in Cardiac Surgery: A Case Series
Authors: Calderone Alexander , Jarry Stéphanie , Couture Etienne J. , Brassard Patrice , Beaubien-Souligny William , Momeni Mona , Liszkowski Mark , Lamarche Yoan , Shaaban-Ali Mohamed , Matta Basil , Rochon Antoine , Lebon Jean-Sébastien , Ayoub Christian , Martins Maria Rosal , Courbe Athanase , Deschamps Alain , Denault André Y.
Published: September 2022

Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSo
2) obtained from near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provides valuable information during cardiac surgery. The rSo
2 is calculated from the proportion of oxygenated to total hemoglobin in the cerebral vasculature. Root O3 cerebral oximetry (Masimo) allows for individual identification of changes in total (ΔcHbi), oxygenated (Δo
2Hbi), and deoxygenated (ΔHHbi) hemoglobin spectral absorptions. Variations in these parameters from baseline help identify the underlying mechanisms of cerebral desaturation. This case series represents the first preliminary description of Δo
2Hbi, ΔHHbi, and ΔcHbi variations in 10 cardiac surgical settings. Hemoglobin spectral absorption changes can be classified according to 3 distinct variations of cerebral desaturation. Reduced cerebral oxygen content or increased cerebral metabolism without major blood flow changes is reflected by decreased Δo
2Hbi, unchanged ΔcHbi, and increased ΔHHbi Reduced cerebral arterial blood flow is suggested by decreased Δo
2Hbi and ΔcHbi, with variable ΔHHbi. Finally, acute cerebral congestion may be suspected with increased ΔHHbi and ΔcHbi with unchanged Δo
2Hbi. Cerebral desaturation can also result from mixed mechanisms reflected by variable combination of those 3 patterns. Normal cerebral saturation can occur, where reduced cerebral oxygen content such as anemia is balanced by a reduction in cerebral oxygen consumption such as during hypothermia. A summative algorithm using rSo
2, Δo
2Hbi, ΔHHbi, and ΔcHbi is proposed. Further explorations involving more patients should be performed to establish the potential role and limitations of monitoring hemoglobin spectral absorption signals.
Artistic and Health Professionals' Perceptions of Training Load Practices in Pre-Professional and Professional Ballet and Contemporary Dance: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Fuller Melanie , Moyle Gene M. , Harrison Carly , Minett Geoffrey M.
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to investigate the perceptions of training load practices of dance artistic and health professionals. Artistic staff and health professionals with experience in dance were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey study relating to training load practices in pre-professional and professional, ballet and contemporary dance. The survey was developed from previous investigations in soccer and consisted of multiple-choice, Likert scale, and free-text responses. Responses to closed questions were reported by percentage and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Thematic analysis was performed by two independent assessors of free-text responses. There were six artistic staff and 18 health professional participants. Artistic staff were perceived to be "mostly/completely responsible" for planning training (artistic staff: 100%, 95% CI: 61%, 100%; health professionals: 94%, 95% CI: 76%, 100%), with health professionals "mostly/completely responsible" at times of injury (artistic staff: 83%, 95% CI: 41%, 99%; health professionals: 95% CI: 61%, 96%). Both groups reported using individual modification to manage training loads and recognized the benefits of rest. Artistic staff recognized the need to modify training when injured, in line with experience levels, workload, age, and general health. Both groups "agree/strongly agree" that monitoring would be or is useful (artistic staff: 83%, 95% CI: 41%, 99%; health professionals: 95% CI: 61%, 96%). This investigation provides insight into the perceptions of artistic staff and health professionals with experience in dance toward training practices. Artistic staff and health professionals need to work together and adapt monitoring practices to their context to support artistic staff in planning training. The findings guide the implementation of these interventions by understanding potential barriers to their effectiveness that may potentially reduce injury.
Local ecological knowledge and folk medicine in historical Estonia, Livonia, Courland and Galicia in Northeastern Europe, 1805-1905
Authors: Anegg Martin , Prakofjewa Julia , Kalle Raivo , Sõukand Renata
Published: September 2022

Background: Historical ethnobotanical data can provide valuable information about past human-nature relationships as well as serve as a basis for diachronic analysis. This data note aims to present a dataset which documented medicinal plant uses, mentioned in a selection of German-language sources from the 19th century covering the historical regions of Estonia, Livonia, Courland, and Galicia.

Methods: Data was mainly entered by systematic manual search in various ethnobotanical historical German-language works focused on the medicinal use of plants. Data about plant and non-plant constituents, their usage, the mode of administration, used plant parts, and their German and local names was extracted and collected into a database in the form of Use Reports.
Review of diagnostic methods for prostate cancer with consideration of MRI-TRUS fusion biopsy
Authors: Bąk Sebastian , Budzeń Kamil , Wesołowski Paweł , Stachura Tomasz , Gładysz Konrad
Published: September 2022

Introduction and purpose of the study: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the human population worldwide. The continuous development of imaging methods allows for its increased recognition. Conclusions have been drawn that MRI-TRUS (magnetic resonance imaging - transrectal ultrasonography) fusion biopsy is superior to other diagnostic methods. The aim of this study is to review the available studies and publications and determine which method of diagnosing prostate cancer is most effective.
Materials and Evidence: We reviewed the literature available on PubMed and Google Scholar using the words "fusion biopsy"; "prostate diagnosis"; "prostate cancer"; "transrectal ultrasonography".
Results: The diagnosis of prostate cancer is made possible by a range of tests such as transrectal palpation, measurement of prostate specific antigen, transrectal ultrasonography, needle biopsy and MRI. The combination of biopsy, MRI and transrectal ultrasonography has led to the development of fusion biopsy. It combines the high-resolution features of MRI and the real-time images provided by ultrasound.
Conclusions: The higher cost of the test and the need for specialised equipment together with the advanced software required for fusion biopsy ultimately provides a statistically significant higher success rate for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Mentioned the effects of this method, further development and dissemination is expected.
SENSITIVITY STUDIES OF EVALUATING PARTIAL DE-BONDING USING LASER FLASH METHOD
Authors: WRIGHT LOUISE , ATEEB ATEEB , WU JIYU , MORRELL ROGER , PEKRIS MICHAEL , WHITING MARK
Published: September 2022

Delamination in the interlayers of multi-layer systems can cause a degradation in functionality, stability and life span of that system. This is even more pertinent for systems at high temperature. Laser flash analysis (LFA) has long been used for thermophysical properties measurements at high temperatures. Multi-layer reference artefacts, with and without, debonded regions are required for validating the thermal characterization of such systems using LFA. To aid in the design of these reference artifacts a numerical model was developed to simulate LFA of multi-layer systems, with and without, defects. This paper discusses a sensitivity study that was conducted to determine if a defect in the interlayer can be detected and if so what are the most sensitive parameters. It was found that the area and thermal conductance of the defect had the greatest effect on the simulated half-rise time of the system, with shape and radial location having a significant but lesser effect in comparison. To be able to observe a change of 10% in the half-rise time, a circular defect equivalent to 5 μm air gap with an area of 25% of the measurement area in the radial centre of the sample would have to be present.
Los primeros treinta años de la Constitución Política de Colombia ¿Un cumpleaños feliz?
Authors: Valencia Tello Diana Carolina , García Bonilla Carlos Arturo
Published: September 2022

Nuestra constitución nacional cumplió 30 años en 2021. ¿Fue un cumpleaños feliz? La profesora Diana Valencia Tello formuló esta pregunta a algunos de los grandes expertos en derecho constitucional y las respuestas exploran la historia, la actualidad y los nuevos desafíos de nuestra carta magna y, por lo tanto, de nuestra sociedad.
Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 for postoperative infection in major gastrointestinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jerome E , McPhail MJ , Menon K
Published: September 2022

Background

We aim to assess the diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as diagnostic biomarkers for postoperative infection/sepsis following major abdominal surgery. Postoperative infection is an important cause for morbidity and mortality in major surgery. Early diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment improves outcomes, and high-performing biomarkers could guide clinical decision making.

Methods

A systematic database search was conducted for studies reporting diagnostic performance of biomarkers (including PCT and IL-6) for infection/sepsis following major abdominal surgery. Studies were assessed for reporting of diagnostic accuracy, relevance and quality. Data were extracted for meta-analysis.

Results

Ten studies with 1,611 participants reported the diagnostic accuracy of PCT, with pooled sensitivity, specificity and summary receiver operator curve of 72% (95% CI 66–78), 62% (95% CI 59–64) and 0.766, respectively. Four studies with 175 participants reported the diagnostic accuracy of IL-6, with pooled sensitivity, specificity and summary receiver operator curve of 84% (95% CI 72–92), 76% (95% CI 68–84) and 0.878, respectively There was variability in the timing of sampling and cut-off values and significant heterogeneity and inconsistency between studies (I2 diagnostic odds ratio (DOR)= 43.2% for PCT, I2 DOR=0% for IL-6).

Conclusions

PCT performs only moderately well as a diagnostic test for postoperative infection/sepsis in major abdominal surgery, demonstrating limited sensitivity and specificity. Heterogeneity between studies is a limitation of the meta-analysis. There is an ongoing need for a rapid, accurate biomarker for postoperative infection or sepsis.
Frailty as an indicator of postoperative complications following surgical excision of non-melanoma skin cancer on the head and neck
Authors: Gallagher N , Berger J , Jones HB , Lloyd CJ
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) predominantly affects those aged over 90 years, with 85% of lesions arising on the head and neck, where surgical excision remains the treatment of choice. Frailty is a measure of physiologic age and can be used as a predictor of adverse treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine if the Rockwood Frailty Index is predictive of complications following excision of NMSC.

Methods

Data were collected prospectively for patients who underwent an excision of a suspected NMSC from the head or neck across a two-month period. Details of the patient, lesion and procedure were recorded alongside ASA grade and Rockwood’s Frailty score. Postoperative complications were recorded four weeks later.

Results

There was a total of 125 patients: 74 (60%) male, 51 (40%) female; mean age was 78 (±9.8) years. Of the excised sites, 61% were closed primarily, 26% with a full thickness skin graft (FTSG), 13% with a local flap. Frailty ranged from 1 to 7 (median = 4). ASA ranged from 1 to 4 (median = 3). A total of 21 (17%) patients reported postoperative complications. Within this group, the median frailty and ASA grades were 5 and 3. Both frailty and ASA were positively significantly associated with age (p ≤ 0.001). There was no significant difference between the frailty or ASA grades of patients that experienced complications and those who did not. Patients who had a FTSG were significantly more likely to experience complications (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions

Frailty is not predictive of postoperative complications following excision of NMSC on the head and neck. Postoperative complications are significantly more associated with FTSG.
Out at the College
Authors: Bowbrick G
Published: September 2022

Ginny Bowbrick discusses the work that the PRiSM network does at the College, and how important equal and diverse representation is to the workforce and to patient care.
Treasures from the Collections
Authors: Isaac Sue
Published: September 2022

We look at an important collection of Thomas Fuller’s prescriptions and how the volume has lasted through time.
Why I do what I do
Authors: Haywood R
Published: September 2022

Richard Haywood discusses his career to date and why he chose plastic surgery.
A new way of working
Authors: Lovegrove Catherine
Published: September 2022

Our Trainees’ Bulletin Editor reflects on what challenges are faced by the current generation of surgeons and trainees.
Sustainability in surgery
Authors: Zaver V , Skinner H , Bleakley C
Published: September 2022

How can we adapt our processes and reduce carbon emissions from hospitals?
Training the COVID generation: can we get our confidence back?
Authors: Adebayo O , Jabbal M
Published: September 2022

How can we protect the future of surgical training for the next generation of surgeons?
Lifting your head above the parapet
Authors: Pegna V
Published: September 2022

It’s time to change the culture in surgery – for good.
Roads less travelled…
Authors: Munro Clara , Lumley Emma , Lam Angela
Published: September 2022

Three surgical trainees talk to us about juggling their careers with other roles and what they want to achieve in the future.
A small royal memento
Authors: McLachlan G , Franklin M
Published: September 2022

We must strive to ensure that all of our members feel represented and welcomed in the surgical community.
A model-based approach to achieve a multi-100kHz repetition rate, self-seeded Q-switched oscillator with stable pulse-to-pulse energies
Authors: Stummer Vinzenz , Flöry Tobias , Tarra Lukas , Deutschmann Andreas , Michailovas Andrejus , Kugi Andreas , Baltuska Andrius
Published: September 2022

We provide a model-based approach to high-repetition-rate Q-switched oscillators. We show that the quantum-stochastic nature of the seed can be identified as cause for pulse-to-pulse instabilities at multi-100kHz repetition rates.
Highly sensitive fiber optic ultrasound detector array for rapid photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Wang Anqi , Yang Liuyang , Xu Dongchen , Chen Geng , Dai Chenhao , Sun Qizhen
Published: September 2022

A 32-channel high sensitivity optic ultrasound detector array is demonstrated for rapid photoacoustic imaging. The probe exhibits a NEP of 0.61kPa and the scanning time could be four times faster than a mechanical scan theoretically.
Continuous field measurements with a mid-infrared dual-comb spectrometer
Authors: Herman Daniel I. , Mead Griffin , Malarich Nathan , Giorgetta Fabrizio , Baumann Esther , Washburn Brian R. , Newbury Nathan , Coddington Ian , Cossel Kevin
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate high-uptime field operation of a broadband open-path mid-infrared dual comb spectrometer. The system detects diurnal variations of all primary greenhouse gases, hydrocarbon emissions from gas production and ambient fluctuations of formaldehyde.
Field Testing of a Laser Heterodyne Radiometer for Detecting Methane Leaks
Authors: Sappey Andy , Masterson Pat , Howell Jim , Barjakterevic Mike , Puga Chuck
Published: September 2022

We have modified a laser heterodyne radiometer (LHR) to detect methane leaks from various industrial sources. We share results here from a recent field test at the Methane Emissions Test and Evaluation Center (METEC).
Nanosensitive Optical Coherence Tomography for Tracking of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Labelled With Gold Nanostars
Authors: Arangath Anand , Duffy Niamh , Alexandrov Sergey , James Soorya , Neuhaus Kai , Murphy Mary , Leahy Martin
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate the capability of nsOCT technique to discern MSC pellets labelled with different concentrations of nanostars. Useful to track stem cell differentiation and interpret the mechanism by which stem cells deliver their therapeutic effect.
Implementation of Bessel-like LP02 Mode from Higher Order Mode (HOM) Fiber to extend the Depth of Focus in Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Microscopy (FD-OCM)
Authors: Sen Dipankar , Classen Anton , Grüner-Nielsen Lars , Gibbs Holly C. , Esmaeili Shahriar , Hemmer Philip , Baltuska Andrius , Sokolov Alexei V. , Leitgeb Rainer A. , Fernández Alma , Verhoef Aart J.
Published: September 2022

A fiber-based robust, design-flexible FD-OCM technique using a Bessel-like LP02 mode is demonstrated. Extended DOF compared to Gaussian illumination of equal spot-size at focus is reported. We characterize the resolution performance of this system.
Crack control of femtosecond laser processing lithium niobate by tailoring temporal dispersion
Authors: Zhou Xu , Li Zhixuan , Wu Qiang , Xu Jingjun
Published: September 2022

A low-cost efficient method is proposed to control the formation of various cracks when processing lithium niobate by temporally shaped femtosecond laser, which shows broad prospects for laser processing technology and micro/nano photonics.
Fast full-field 3D surface profilometry by heterodyne interferometry of a femtosecond laser
Authors: Shi Liheng , Wang Yue , Wu Guanhao
Published: September 2022

We present an interferometer of a femtosecond laser for fast full-field 3D surface profilometry. The heterodyne interference is introduced to reduce the requirement of camera’s frame rate, thus achieving an enhancement on the measured speed. This method has experimentally demonstrated to increase the measurement speed several fold without significant loss of precision.
Biopsy-free Virtual Histology of Skin Using Reflectance Confocal Microscopy and Deep Learning
Authors: Li Jingxi , Garfinkel Jason , Zhang Xiaoran , Wu Di , Zhang Yijie , de Haan Kevin , Wang Hongda , Liu Tairan , Bai Bijie , Rivenson Yair , Rubinstein Gennady , Scumpia Philip O. , Ozcan Aydogan
Published: September 2022

We report in vivo virtual histology of skin without a biopsy, where deep learning is used to virtually stain tissue and generate hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-like microscopic images of skin using a reflectance confocal microscope.
Frequency tuneable sub-15 fs pulses from a gas-filled hollow-core fiber pumped by a commercial Yb laser
Authors: Sabbah Mohammed , Belli Federico , Brahms Christian , Yu Fei , Knight Jonathan , Travers John. C.
Published: September 2022

We report the generation and temporal characterization of wavelength-tunable sub-15 fs pulses from a commercial 220 fs Yb laser, in a single stage, through soliton-plasma interactions in an argon-filled hollow-core anti-resonant fiber.
Nonlinear Optical Fiber Couplers Made of Chalcogenide Glass
Authors: Rezaei Mohsen , Shamim Md Hosne Mobarak , Amraoui Mohammed El , Messaddeq Younes , Rochette Martin
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate chalcogenide optical fiber couplers designed with a transmission spectrum response that depends on the input power. The measured switching power is as low as 126 W at a wavelength of 1938 nm.
Line-scanning Brillouin microscopy for fast 3D biomechanical imaging
Authors: Zhang Jitao , Nikolić Miloš , Scarcelli Giuliano
Published: September 2022

Confocal Brillouin microscopy is an emerging tool for biomechanics and biophysics but encounters challenges of slow speed and redundant illumination. We developed a multiplexing configuration that is ten times faster and has much less phototoxicity.
Line-scan Confocal Endomicroscopy for Rapid Digital Histology of Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Vyas Khushi , Ezzat Ahmed , Asenov Martin , Chauhan Manish , Ramamoorthy Subramanian , Jha Animesh , Leff Daniel
Published: September 2022

We present a high-speed line-scan confocal laser endomicroscope, which enables digital histopathology of freshly excised un-fixed breast tissue specimens in real-time.
On-Chip Transferrable Microdisk Lasers
Authors: Park Kyong-Tae , Kim Min-Woo , Park Sun-Wook , Ku Ja-Hyun , No You-Shin
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a precisely on-chip transferrable low-threshold single microdisk laser on Si-post, using micro-structured polymer-assisted transfer-printing technique.
Doped CQD-based Two-photon Fabrication of Fluorescent Micro/nanostructures for Arsenic Species Detection
Authors: Rani Sweta , Das Rahul Kumar , Singh Gaurav Pratap , Jaiswal Arun , Saxena Sumit , Shukla Shobha
Published: September 2022

We report fabrication of fluorescent micro/nanostructure by two-photon polymerization of sartomer (SR) with doped-carbon quantum dots for attomolar dimethylarsinate(DMA) detection. Fluorescent selective detection in picomolar range (50-300pM) was achieved followed by sensor fabrication (area~100μm 100μm).
Microfluidic Pumps with Laser Streaming from Tips of Optical Fibers and Sewing Needles
Authors: Tong Tian , Yue Shuai , Li Runjia , Lin Feng , Chen Di , Xing Xinxin , Chu Wei-Kan , Liu Dong , Wang Zhiming , Bao Jiming
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a versatile microfluidic pump using laser streaming from optical fiber facet and sewing needle tip. The high-speed directional jet flow successfully drives fluid inside a capillary tube, paving the way for biomedical applications.
1920 nm Pulse Generation from Hybrid Parametric Oscillator for Vibrational Photoacoustic Imaging of Water
Authors: Sharmin Najia , Tang Huajun , Shi Jiawei , Tong Yitian , Wong Kenneth K.Y.
Published: September 2022

We present a powerful high-stability fiber-based hybrid optical parametric oscillator at 1920 nm, with less than ±0.5-ns pulse width jitter and 350-nJ peak pulse energy, suitable for the bond-selective photoacoustic imaging of water.
Interband Cascade Lasers with Optimized Waveguide Design for High Power Operation
Authors: Nauschütz Josephine , Scheuermann Julian , Weih Robert , Koeth Johannes , Höfling Sven
Published: September 2022

Fabry-Pérot interband cascade laser with varied thickness of the separate confinement layers and reduced cladding layer thickness are presented. An epi-side-down mounted device showed a cw-output power of 505mW emitting at λ≈3.3 μm at 10°C.
Optically computed phase microscopy to assess cellular uptake of lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Xuan , Wan Zhaoxiong , Zhang Yuanwei , Liu Yuwei
Published: September 2022

We developed a novel optically computed phase microscopy (OCPM) system, for depth-resolved phase imaging. We used OCPM to assess cellular uptake of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), for the optimization of drug delivery systems based on LNPs.
Velocity Measurements in a Ground-test Ramjet using Dual Frequency Comb Spectroscopy
Authors: Yun David , Cole Ryan K. , Malarich Nathan A. , Coburn Sean , Hoghooghi Nazanin , France Jacob J. , Rice Kristin M. , Donbar Jeffrey M. , Rieker Gregory B.
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate velocity measurements using dual frequency comb spectroscopy in a supersonic test engine at various flow conditions with a 1% calculated measurement uncertainty.
Broadband Spectroscopic Imaging Using Dual Frequency Comb Spectroscopy and Compressive Sensing
Authors: Strong Elizabeth F. , Coburn Sean C. , Anderson Alexander Q. , Cole Ryan K. , Gopinath Juliet T. , Becker Stephen , Rieker Gregory B.
Published: September 2022

We merge the broadband, high resolution capabilities of dual frequency comb spectroscopy with a spatially resolving single pixel camera experimental architecture to demonstrate broadband spectroscopic imaging via compressive sensing.
High-speed Semipolar Micro Light-emitting Diodes and Quantum Dot Phosphor Applied to Visible Light Communication
Authors: Huang Yu-Ming , Chiang Hsin , Liu An-Chen , Lin Chien-Chung , Kuo Hao-Chung
Published: September 2022

We report the blue semipolar

(
202

1
¯

)

μLED array which exhibited excellent optical-electrical characteristics and polarization performance. A high 3-dB bandwidth of 1.056 GHz under a current density of 2.5 kA/cm2 and 1.8 Gbit/s data rate were achieved in a certain free-space transmission distance.
The electrical and optical properties of micro-scale deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yu Huabin , Memon Muhammad Hunain , Jia Hongfeng , Xiao Shudan , Tian Meng , Wang Danhan , Fang Shi , Sun Haiding
Published: September 2022

The electrical and optical properties of micro-scale deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were investigated. We found that the smaller micro-LEDs deliver higher output power density and exhibit higher external quantum efficiency. Moreover, it has been found that the inclined sidewall can enhance light extraction efficiency.
Analysis of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Plasmas with Supercontinuum-based Fourier Transform Spectroscopy
Authors: Krebbers R. , Liu N. , Jahromi K. E. , Nematollahi M. , Harren F. J. M. , Cristescu S.M. , Khodabakhsh A.
Published: September 2022

We present the results of a home-built Fourier transform spectrometer based on mid-infrared supercontinuum sources for analysis of the species inside methane and carbon dioxide plasmas and the products formed in the outflow.
Mid-IR hollow fiber gas sensor applications in environmental sensing and isotope analysis
Authors: Kriesel Jason M. , Fahrland Andrew , Ozen Emre , Kelly James
Published: September 2022

Gas sensors based on tunable laser absorption spectroscopy with a hollow fiber waveguide as its central gas cell are discussed. Compact sensors enable trace gas and isotope analysis of greenhouse gases in the field.
Utilization of a frequency-swept Fabry-Perot cavity quantum cascade laser for an innovative mid-IR spectrometer
Authors: Chin S. , Mitev V. , Giraud E. , Maulini R. , Hempel F. , Lang N. , Wiese M. , Zimmermann H. , Boiko D. L.
Published: September 2022

We present an innovative approach for a mid-IR spectrometer comprising a commercial Fabry-Perot cavity quantum cascade laser. Utilization of the transient blue-chirped emission of such a laser the spectral fingerprint of methane at 8.15μm was clearly observed in absorption.
Monolithically Integrated Extended Cavity Diode Laser emitting at 778 nm
Authors: Wenzel S. , Brox O. , Casa P. Della , Wenzel H. , Arar B. , Knigge A. , Weyers M. , Wicht A.
Published: September 2022

We present a monolithically integrated extended cavity diode laser at 778 nm with a 3 dB linewidth of 200 kHz @ 1 ms. This is the first successful demonstration of active layer removal in AlGaAs by a 2-step epitaxy manufacturing process.
Regenerative DFB lasing from new silicone elastomer waveguide for printable and imprintable optics fabrication
Authors: Takagoshi Daichi , Nakakubo Keisuke , Obata Nasim , Kotani Takuji , Yoshioka Hiroaki , Oki Yuji
Published: September 2022

Regenerative dye lasing was demonstrated using new polydimethylsiloxane-based core, with high solubility and thermoplasticity. Furthermore, dry-diffusion of dye-molecules observed in the material. PDMS substrate as a dye-reservoir post-doped dye into core, and regenerative lasing achieved.
Enhanced THz metasensors with bound state in a continuum
Authors: Wang Ride , Sun Lang , Yang Xiao , Wang Jiayi , Xu Lei
Published: September 2022

An ultra-sensitive THz metasensor is presented based on high-quality quasi-BIC Fano resonance, which can distinguish extremely dilute concentrations (nM) of solutions. It provides a non-destructive sensing approach for disease prevention and diagnosis.
Field-resolved high-order nonlinearities in a free-running terahertz quantum cascade laser
Authors: Riepl J. , Raab J. , Abajyan P. , Nong H. , Freeman J. R. , Li L. H. , Linfield E. H. , Davies A. G. , Wacker A. , Albes T. , Jirauschek C. , Lange C. , Dhillon S. S. , Huber R.
Published: September 2022

Two-dimensional terahertz strong-field spectroscopy reveals wave-mixing processes up to eighth order in a free-running quantum cascade laser, unravelling its sub-cycle gain dynamics and nonlinearities in a regime of negative absorption.
Highly Efficient Nonlinear Spectral Broadening in a Multi-Pass Cell at 2.05 µm
Authors: Cankaya Huseyin , Fritsch Kilian , Mahnke Christoph , Vidoli Caterina , Hartl Ingmar , Kärtner Franz X. , Pronin Oleg
Published: September 2022

We present nonlinear spectral broadening of pulses with input pulse energy of 1.74mJ at 2.05µm inside a gas-filled Herriott-type multi-pass cell with efficiency of 95%. The transform-limited pulse duration is reduced from 1.43ps to 0.27ps.
Space-Time Supermodes: Propagation-Invariant Optical Fields in a Highly Multi-Moded Slab Waveguide
Authors: Shiri Abbas , Webster Scott , Schepler Kenneth L. , Abouraddy Ayman F.
Published: September 2022

In contrast to conventional pulsed fields propagating in multimode waveguides that undergo erratic axial changes in their intensity distribution, we introduce propagation-invariant space-time supermodes, which are observed in a 168-micron-thick slab waveguide.
Self-pulsing and Four-wave mixing of a Raman-Brillouin distributed feedback fiber laser
Authors: Bannerman Rex H.S. , Smith Devin H.S. , Gray Alan C. , Gates James C. , Broderick Neil G. R. , Gawith Corin B.E. , Smith Peter G.R
Published: September 2022

We report on the regular self-pulsing of a 1119 nm Raman DFB laser at the Brillouin Stokes shift of the Raman laser. We also detail four-wave mixing between the pump and Raman.
Imaging at the Camera Noise Floor
Authors: Wolley O. , Mekhail S. , Moreau P.-A. , Gregory T. , Leuchs G. , Padgett M.J.
Published: September 2022

We present a homodyne imaging system capable of imaging an object under a level of illumination comparable to the noise floor of the detector.
Reconfigurable Spatial-Mode Sorter for Super-Resolution Imaging
Authors: Ozer Itay , Grace Michael R. , Guha Saikat
Published: September 2022

We build a reconfigurable spatial mode sorter for super resolution imaging using a spatial light modulator (SLM). Our system can easily adapt to sort different, mutually non-orthogonal, spatial mode bases.
Directional Broadband Emissivity with Angled Microstructures Produced via Femtosecond Laser Surface Processing
Authors: Reicks Andrew , Butler Andrew , Castejon-Cruz Giovanna , Gogos George , Alexander Dennis , Argyropoulos Christos , Zuhlke Craig
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate directional broadband emissivity in the mid-IR range of 7.5 to 14 µm, achieved with angled micro-scale structures on stainless steel produced using femtosecond laser surface processing.
A New Method to Measure Thermal Impedance for All-Active Semiconductor Lasers using the Athermalisation Condition
Authors: Mickus Dovydas , Murphy Caolan , McKenna Robert , Donegan John
Published: September 2022

A method for measuring thermal impedance of several laser sections at once is presented. We measured thermal impedance length product as 29.3±2.1 and 39.33±2.8
o
C µm/mW for gain and grating sections respectively for our DBR lasers.
Mode-Locking through Doubly Resonant Intra-Cavity Sum Frequency Generation
Authors: Widarsson Max , Brunzell Martin , Laurell Fredrik , Pasiskevicius Valdas
Published: September 2022

A new technique for mode-locking through sum-frequency generation is presented. The technique produced 200 ps long 1064 nm pulses in a coupled-cavity system with two Nd:YVO4 crystals and a PPRKTP phase-matched for sum-frequency generation.
Widely Tunable and Narrow Linewidth Laser Source based on Normal-Dispersion Frequency Combs and Optical Injection Locking
Authors: Skehan J. Connor , Helgason Óskar B. , Schröder Jochen , Torres-Company Victor , Andrekson Peter A.
Published: September 2022

By injection-locking tones of a normal-dispersion, photonic molecule enabled microcomb, a tunable laser source is demonstrated with > 55 nm of tunable range, < 8 kHz integrated linewidth, > 5 dBm of power, and > 60 dB SMSR.
Terahertz Metasurfaces Prototyping Using Low-Cost Hot Stamping
Authors: Guerboukha Hichem , Amarasinghe Yasith , Shrestha Rabi , Pizzuto Angela , Mittleman Daniel M.
Published: September 2022

A rapid and low-cost prototyping technique to fabricate terahertz metallic metasurfaces is presented. Arrays of split-ring resonators, wire-grid polarizers and polarizing beam splitters are demonstrated.
Ultrastrong Terahertz Cerenkov Wake Radiation by Highly Magnetized, Laser-Created Plasmas
Authors: Tailliez Colomban , Davoine Xavier , Gremillet Laurent , Debayle Arnaud , Bergé Luc
Published: September 2022

We numerically show that ultraintense laser pulses interacting with magnetized gases having higher electron cyclotron than plasma frequency efficiently emit THz field bursts ≥ 100 GV.m
−
1 that may be useful to probe and manipulate molecular matter.
Error-Tolerant Integrated Optical Neural Network Processor based on Multi-Plane Light Conversion
Authors: Tanomura Ryota , Mizukami Keigo , Tang Rui , Soma Go , Tanemura Takuo , Nakano Yoshiaki
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate integrated optical neural network processor with excellent error tolerance using multiport directional couplers. Thanks to the robust multi-plane light-conversion mechanism, high data-classifying accuracy over 95% is confirmed, insensitive to the exact coupling ratio.
Design and protocol of a spin-optomechanical quantum repeater
Authors: Raniwala Hamza , Krastanov Stefan , Eichenfield Matt , Englund Dirk
Published: September 2022

Quantum repeaters require long-lived quantum memories interfaced with telecom-wavelength fiber optics. We design a tapered diamond optomechanical cavity me-chanically coupled to a Group IV spin and propose its operation in heralded quantum en-tanglement.
Dynamic stray light and background correction to allow truly simultaneous optical stimulation and multiphoton imaging
Authors: Fernandez A. , Straw A. , Leitgeb R. , Baltuska A. , Verhoef A.J.
Published: September 2022

We introduce a new approach to reduce uncorrelated background signals from fluorescence imaging data, using real-time subtraction of background light. Our method allows removing image artifacts that cause signal clipping in a conventional imaging setup.
Broadband Tunable Electro-Optic Switch in Integrated Lithium Niobate Waveguide Circuits
Authors: Niko Aloysius , Tseng Quan-Hsiang , Pham Tien-Dat , Chung Hung-Pin , Deng Lin-Ming , Chen Yen-Hung
Published: September 2022

We report a fast optical switch in LiNbO3 photonic-circuit chip integrating an electro-optic (EO) polarization-mode converter and a broadband adiabatic polarizing-beam splitter. The device features high EO switching efficiency (~95%) and broadband (>100 nm) tunability.
Low loss and back-reflection interconnection between SMF and hollow core fiber by angled fusion splicing
Authors: Zhang Cong , Fokoua Eric Numkam , Fu Songnian , Poletti Francesco , Richardson David J. , Slavík Radan
Published: September 2022

A 2.2° angle cleave reduces the back-reflection by 25 dB (to below -40 dB) while increasing the insertion loss by only 0.6 dB (to 1.3 dB) when compared to a flat-cleaved splice.
Repetition-rate Dependence of High-power THz Generation in the Tilted-pulse Front Geometry in Lithium Niobate
Authors: Millon Célia , Mansourzadeh Samira , Vogel Tim , Saraceno Clara. J.
Published: September 2022

We present experimental evidence of repetition-rate dependent thermal effects that limit THz generation efficiency in the tilted-pulse front geometry in lithium niobate at high average powers.
Dynamic regimes and damping of relaxation oscillations in III-V/Si external cavity lasers
Authors: Gioannini Mariangela , Columbo Lorenzo , Rimoldi Cristina , Romero-García Sebastian , Bovington Jock
Published: September 2022

We report how external cavity III-V/Si hybrid lasers operate in regimes of ultra-damped relaxation oscillations or in turbulent and self-pulsing regimes. The different regimes are reached by detuning the lasing wavelength respect to the mirror effective reflectivity peak and are the consequence of the dispersive narrow band reflectivity of the silicon photonics mirror, the linewidth enhancement factor and four-wave mixing in the gain medium.
High-power 894nm semiconductor lasers for Cs atom pumping based on surface high-order gratings
Authors: Liu Wenzhen , Zhang Weiqiao , Xu Yuanbo , Qi Aiyi , Zhou Xuyan , Wang Mingjin , Zheng Wanhua
Published: September 2022

A high-power semiconductor laser based on surface high-order gratings at 894nm is present. The output-power of 203 mW, a SMSR of higher than 35 dB, and a efficient slope of 0.52 W/A are obtained.
Dynamics of Face-to-Face Dual-VCSELs Under Passive Mode-Locking
Authors: Malica Tushar , Panajatov Krassimir , Avrutin Eugene A. , Sciamanna Marc
Published: September 2022

Two Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) mutually facing, investigated using time-delay-differential model, reveals various dynamics including fundamental mode-locking (FML), multi-pulsing, harmonic mode-locking and non-pulsed fast chaotic dynamics as well as the optimal conditions for FML.
Optical-terahertz conversion in graphene meta-cavities
Authors: An Ning , Wang Lan , Gong Sen , Sheng Xuan , Yu Cui , Zhang Yaxin , Yao Baicheng
Published: September 2022

We report an experimental study of optical parametric conversion from an ultrafast laser to terahertz waves in graphene meta-cavities. This enables terahertz transmission enhancement up to 46.5%, with optical response delay < 10ps.
FPGA Investigation of Enumerative Sphere Shaping for Probabilistically Shaped 64QAM
Authors: Zhang Liangjun , Chen Yizhao , Wei Zitao , Qian Weifeng , Tao Kai , Wang Weiming , Feng Zhenhua , Tang Ming
Published: September 2022

We investigate the implementation of enumerative sphere shaping (ESS) algorithm in real-time PS-64QAM system for the first time. Experiments achieved 0.08dB/0.02dB SNR gain under strong/weak shaping situation with much larger power consumption compared with HiDM.
High Transmittance Form-Birefringent Nanostructures Fabricated in Lithium Aluminosilicate Glass by Femtosecond Laser
Authors: Li Peiyao , Lu Ping , Zhang Jingyu
Published: September 2022

Anisotropic nanovoids that are oriented perpendicular to the light polarization were observed in lithium aluminosilicate (LAS) glass after femtosecond laser irradiation. The birefringent structures exhibited high transmission of around 99% in the visible range.
Tailoring Free Electron Spontaneous Emission from Graphene using Shaped Electron Wavepackets
Authors: Wong Lee Wei Wesley , Shi Xihang , Karnieli Aviv , Kaminer Ido , Wong Liang Jie
Published: September 2022

Photons emitted via bremsstrahlung are inherently incoherent and non-directional. We show that the intrinsic cross-section of bremsstrahlung from crystalline solids can be enhanced and made directional by shaping the quantum wave nature of free electrons.
Analysis of high-order spatiotemporal couplings and their generation with refractive optics
Authors: Jolly Spencer W.
Published: September 2022

We discuss a framework for imparting higher-order spatiotemporal couplings on ultrashort laser pulses with refractive optics. We consider limitations and possible con-figurations of compound optics, and extensions to vector pulses.
Minimal X-Waves Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum
Authors: Porras Miguel A. , García-Álvarez Raúl
Published: September 2022

There exists a lower bound to the duration of diffraction-free X-waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM). We describe the structural coupling between the temporal and OAM degrees of freedom of minimal X-waves carrying OAM.
Photonic Crystal Enhanced Emission and Blinking Suppression for Single Quantum Dot Digital Resolution Biosensing of Cancer-associated miRNA Biomarkers
Authors: Xiong Yanyu , Huang Qinglan , Canady Taylor D. , Barya Priyash , Liu Shengyan , Arogundade Opeyemi H. , Race Caitlin M. , Wang Xiaojing , Zhou Lifeng , Wang Xing , Kohli Manish , Smith Andrew M. , Cunningham Brian T.
Published: September 2022

We report 3,000-fold signal enhancement with blinking suppression capability and single QD sensitivity using low-NA lens. Applied toward miRNA detection assays, we achieve single-base mutation selectivity, and 10-attomolar detection limit.
Direct nanosecond laser welding of semiconductor materials
Authors: Sopeña Pol , Wang Andong , Mouskeftaras Alexandros , Grojo David
Published: September 2022

We provide a first solution to the challenging problem of direct laser micro-welding of semiconductors. Infrared nanosecond pulses applied on an optical contact between similar and dissimilar materials systematically create shear joining strengths >10 MPa.
Implantable Neural Probe System for Patterned Photostimulation and Electrophysiology Recording
Authors: Chen Fu-Der , Wahn Hannes , Xue Tianyuan , Jung Youngho , Straguzzi John N. , Azadeh Saeed S. , Stalmashonak Andrei , Chua Hongyao , Luo Xianshu , Shah Prajay , Chameh Homeira Moradi , Lo Patrick Guo-Qiang , Valiante Taufik A. , Sacher Wesley D. , Poon Joyce K. S.
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate a system for implantable nanophotonic neural probes with custom packaging and peripherals. The probes, which were manufactured on 200mm Si wafers, monolithically integrate SiN waveguides with TiN electrophysiology electrodes and were tested in vivo.
Nonreciprocal light-driven vortex isolator
Authors: Zeng Xinglin , Russell Philip St.J. , Frosz Michael H. , Wong Gordon K. L. , Stiller Birgit
Published: September 2022

We report a nonreciprocal reconfigurable light-driven isolator for vortex modes based on topology-selective Brillouin scattering in chiral PCF. The isolation rates are higher than 22 dB and 23 dB for 1st- and 2nd-order optical vortices.
Tunable mid-infrared frequency combs from nanophotonic parametric oscillators
Authors: Roy Arkadev , Ledezma Luis , Costa Luis , Gray Robert , Sekine Ryoto , Guo Qiushi , Liu Mingchen , Briggs Ryan M. , Marandi Alireza
Published: September 2022

We demonstrate mid-infrared frequency combs from synchronously-pumped optical parametric oscillators in nanophotonic lithium niobate at 19 GHz. With a picosecond pump at ~1 µm, the output can be tuned between 1.5 and 3.3 µm supporting sub-picosecond pulses.