bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN PEJABAT STRUKTURAL PERGURUAN TINGGI DENGAN METODE SIMPLE MULTI ATTRIBUTE RATING TECHNIQUE (SMART) DI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH GORONTALO
Authors: Syaifuddin Syaifuddin , Himawan Moh. Rezky
Published: July 2020

Colleges have not only played a role in education, but also on social aspects. Because a professional-managed college will bear value and trust for the public. There is an indication that the person who occupies any position, especially for the leaders of universities such as rector, Vice-Rector, Dean, Deputy Dean, majors, Secretary of the Department should have the ability and competence that qualified to be worthy to occupy the office. The University of Muhammadiyah Gorontalo (UMGO) is one of the emerging private colleges and continues to reform both in terms of quality and quantity, the method of research used is descriptive. The results of the study were implemented at the Muhammadiyah University of Gorontalo to assist with decision making.
microspheres made by crosslinking of polyvinyl alcohol with glutaraldehyde functionalized with yeast lysate
Authors: Laznev K. V. , Ignatovich Zh. V. , Agabekov V. E.
Published: July 2020

Microspheres comparable with yeast cells in size were obtained by the glutaraldehyde crosslinking of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), whose 25 g/l water solution containing magnetite particles was dispersed in the isooctane/Span 85/Tween 85 medium. yeast cell walls were partially hydrolysed by sonication in formic acid near the boiling point. The microspheres were made targets for phagocytosis by the addition of yeast lysate to the crosslinkable PVA solution and a subsequent treatment of the freshly crosslinked microspheres with diluted yeast lysate. The microspheres were also made fluorescent when the emulsification medium saturated with fluorescent 2-aminopyrimidine derivatives was used. A protocol for phagocytosis assay using the thus modified microspheres was developed.
Activation of the peroxidase gene in potato plants expressing the gene of antimicrobial peptide MsrA1
Authors: Misyukevich A. Yu. , Gapeeva T. A. , Tretyakova T. G. , Semanyuk T. V. , Volotovski I. D.
Published: July 2020

Antimicrobial peptide MsrA1 is a synthetic hybrid molecule based on cecropin A from giant silk moth larvae and on melittin from melliferous bee venom. Transgenic potato plants of the Belarusian variety Odyssey with the constitutive expressiоn of msrA1 gene are shown to exhibit increased resistance to fungal pathogens Phytophthora infestans and Alternaria solani. Peroxidase genes expression studies using cDNA-PCR and DNA sequencing revealed the activation of the POX peroxidase gene in transgenic plants in the absence of pathogens. This may be indirect evidence of the increased formation of reactive oxygen species, which may explain special resistance to fungal pathogens. The data obtained also confirm a possible role of intracellular antimicrobial peptide in making the plants more resistant to oxidative stress by the way of activation of the host plant defense system.
Polymer gels for the protection of coniferous root systems from desiccation
Authors: Kopytkov V. V.
Published: July 2020

The results of the development of composite polymer materials for processing root systems of seedlings in order to increase the survival rate of forest crops are presented. It has been established that the type of target additives and the concentration of water-soluble polymers in the compositions for processing can significantly affect the physicochemical properties of the composites and moisture loss by root systems of seedlings. The optimal compositions of composite polymer materials for protecting the root systems of a number of conifers from drying out are given.
Novations in creation and ensuring the competitiveness of BELAZ quarry machinery
Authors: Parkhomchik P. A. , Vityaz P. A. , Egorov A. N. , Moiseenko V. I. , Naskovets A. M. , Haritonchik D. I. , Shishko S. A.
Published: July 2020

The development tasks of OJSC “BELAZ” – Management Company of Holding “BELAZ-HOLDING”, are defined, which consist in using and introducing the latest achievements in the field of technical sciences and innovative technologies created on their basis into the design and production processes of mining equipment; development of new competitive products and promising sales markets, diversification of exports. Together with scientific organizations, studies have been carried out that have allowed us to develop new and improve existing methodological approaches to solving urgent problems in all problematic areas of creating modern mining dump trucks especially and in excess of extra heavy lifting capacity. OJSC “BELAZ” is the only manufacturer and supplier of dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 450–500 tons. As a result of research on the creation of such machines, the model of a short-base maneuverable dump truck with a rigid frame of a special design was first recommended, which reduces the center of gravity and loading height of a mining dump truck, designed according to the 4 × 4 scheme (two drive axles) with double axle busbar and the use of existing tires with a maximum carrying capacity of 104 tons. The proposed and comprehensively tested new layout solutions give reason to believe that the development of dump trucks with a carrying capacity of up to 600 tons is a reality when mastering the production of tires with a carrying capacity of more than 110 tons. А new generation of dump trucks with hydromechanical transmissions is designed; work is underway to create robotic complexes for the mining industry. Particular attention is paid to computerization, digitalization and environmental friendliness of mining equipment, ensuring the reliability of technology by creating and applying new structural materials and technologies for large parts and systems.
Briquetting of structurally inhomogeneous porous materials
Authors: Dyakonov O. M.
Published: July 2020

The work is devoted to solving the axisymmetric problem of the theory of pressing porous bodies with practical application in the form of force calculation of metallurgical processes of briquetting small fractional bulk materials: powder, chip, granulated and other metalworking wastes. For such materials, the shape of the particles (structural elements) is not geometrically correct or generally definable. This was the basis for the decision to be based on the continual model of a porous body. As a result of bringing this model to a two-dimensional spatial model, a closed analytical solution was obtained by the method of jointly solving differential equilibrium equations and the Guber–Mises energy condition of plasticity. The following assumptions were adopted as working hypotheses: the normal radial stress is equal to the tangential one, the lateral pressure coefficient is equal to the relative density of the compact. Due to the fact that the problem is solved in a general form and in a general formulation, the solution itself should be considered as methodological for any axisymmetric loading scheme. The transcendental equations of the deformation compaction of a porous body are obtained both for an ideal pressing process and taking into account contact friction forces. As a result of the development of a method for solving these equations, the formulas for calculating the local characteristics of the stressed state of the pressing, as well as the integral parameters of the pressing process are derived: pressure, stress, and deformation work.
Agriculture in Pakistan: A Revisit
Authors: Khan Mahmood Hasan
Published: July 2020

I started studying the structure and performance of Pakistan’s
agriculture in the early 1960s. Sadly this sector of the economy is
still in a precarious state. I think the blame rests with the state, its
policies and agents, more than the vagaries of nature. But the good news
is that we can influence public policy far more than the moods of
nature. The basic challenges for the agriculture sector in Pakistan are
to:
Gebelerin oral glukoz tolerans testi yaptırmalarını etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi
Authors: TURAN Zekiye , TOKER Eylem
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, gebelerin oral glukoz tolerans testi yaptırmalarını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, tanımlayıcı tipte kesitsel bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 148’i oral glukoz tolerans testi (OGTT) yaptıran, 149’u OGTT yaptırmayan toplam 297 gebe oluşturmuştur.Bulgular: Gebelerin sosyo-demografik, sağlık ve obstetrik özelliklerinin OGTT yaptırma üzerine etki etmediği belirlenmiştir. OGTT yaptırmayan gebelerin %56,3’ünün testin gerekli olmadığını düşündükleri, %21,5 ‘inin testin kendilerine ve bebeklerine zararlı olduğunu düşündükleri ve %17,4’ünün de doktorları önermediği için yaptırmadıkları saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Bu çalışma kapsamında, gebelerin sosyo-demografik, sağlık ve obstetrik özelliklerinin OGTT yaptırma davranışı üzerine etki etmediği; testin gerekli olmadığını düşünme, kendilerine ve bebeklerine zararlı olacağı endişesi ve doktorlarının önermemesi sebepleri ile testi yaptırmadıkları saptanmıştır.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI STATUS GIZI REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Rahayu Tri Budi
Published: July 2020

Kelompok umur remaja menunjukkan fase pertumbuhan yang pesat, yang disebut “adolescence growth spurt”, sehingga memerlukan zat – zat gizi yang relative besar jumlahnya. Remaja putri sebagai calon ibu di masa depan memiliki kerentanan dalam masalah gizi karena remaja putri mengalami menstruasi awal dalam fase hidupnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola makan, aktivitas fisik, body image, dan depresi dengan status gizi remaja putri. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif korelasi sederhana dengan metode survey secara cross-sectional. Data penelitian diolah menggunakan program komputer dan diuji menggunakan uji regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa F hitung 2,711, sedangkan F tabel sebesar 2,434, sehingga didapatkan nilai F hitung > F tabel maka Ho ditolak, artinya ada pengaruh secara signifikan antara pola makan, aktivitas fisik, body image, dan depresi secara bersama-sama terhadap status gizi remaja putri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh angka R2 (R Square) sebesar 0,069 atau (6,9%). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa persentase sumbangan pengaruh pola makan, aktivitas fisik, body image, dan depresi terhadap status gizi remaja putri sebesar 6,9%, sedangkan sebesar 93,1% dipengaruhi atau dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini.
PENENTUAN NILAI RUJUKAN HEMOGLOBIN PADA MASYARAKAT KALBAR
Authors: Budi Sungkawa Hendra , Wahdaniah Wahdaniah
Published: July 2020

Nilai rujukan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium biasanya berupa nilai rentang yang digunakan dokter untuk menginterprestasikan hasil dan mengambil keuntungan klinik yang menentukan tindak lanjut terhadap pasien. Nilai normal hemoglobin untuk seseorang sukar ditentukan dikarenakan setiap suku bangsa memiliki kadar hemoglobin yang bervariasi. Namun kadar hemoglobin telah ditetapkan oleh WHO berdasarkan umur dan jenis kelamin.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar hemoglobin masyarakat di wilayah Kalimantan Barat berdasarkan kelompok umur dan jenis kelamin. Tujuan khusus yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah menetapkan nilai rentang normal hasil pemeriksaan hemoglobin di Kalimantan Barat.Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode observasional analitik yang bersifat potong lintang (Cross Sectional). Pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin dilakukan menggunakan Hematology Analyzer sebanyak 1456 sampel dari 6 kabupaten / kota di Kalimantan Barat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan hasil penelitian dengan rujukan WHO  dengan nilai p < 0,005. Ditetapkan kadar hemoglobin pada masyarakat Kalimantan Barat untuk kategori umur 6 bulan – 6 tahun yaitu 9,4 g/dl – 13,64 g/dl, 6 tahun – 14 tahun yaitu 9,92 g/dl – 14,79 g/dl, dewasa laki-laki yaitu 12,15 g/dl – 17,20 g/dl dan dewasa perempuan yaitu 9,97 g/dl – 15,00 g/dl
Determinantal forms and recursive relations of the Delannoy two-functional sequence
Authors: Qi Feng , Dagli Muhammet Cihat , Du Wei-Shih
Published: July 2020

In the paper, the authors establish closed forms for the Delannoy two-functional sequence and its difference in terms of the Hessenberg determinants, derive recursive relations for the Delannoy two-functional sequence and its difference, and deduce closed forms in terms of the Hessenberg determinants and recursive relations for the Delannoy one-functional sequence, the Delannoy numbers, and central Delannoy numbers. This preprint has been formally published as "Feng Qi, Muhammet Cihat Dagli, and Wei-Shih Du, Determinantal forms and recursive relations of the Delannoy two-functional sequence, Advances in the Theory of Nonlinear Analysis and its Applications, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 184--193 (2020); available online at https://doi.org/10.31197/atnaa.772734."
Chapter 6_Tổng quan tài liệu - Literature review in research
Authors: Tung Dao Duy
Published: July 2020

A literature review surveys, books, scholarly articles, and any other sources relevant to a particular issue, area of research, or theory, and by so doing, provides a description, summary, and critical evaluation of these works in relation to the research problem being investigated. Literature reviews are designed to provide an overview of sources you have explored while researching a particular topic and to demonstrate to your readers how your research fits within a larger field of study.
Loved and lost or never loved at all? Lifelong marital histories and their links with subjective well-being
Authors: Purol Mariah , Keller Victor N. , Oh Jeewon , Chopik William J. , Lucas Richard E.
Published: July 2020

Marriage has been linked to higher well-being. However, previous research has generally examined marital status at one point in time or over a relatively short window of time. In order to determine if different marital histories have unique impacts on well-being in later life, we conducted a marital sequence analysis of 7,532 participants from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (54.2% women; Mage = 66.68, SD = 8.50; 68.7% White/Caucasian). Three different marital sequence types emerged: a “consistently-married” group (79%), a “consistently-single” group (8%), and a “varied histories” group (13%), in which individuals had moved in and out of various relationships throughout life. The consistently-married group was slightly higher in well-being at the end of life than the consistently-single and varied histories groups; the latter two groups did not differ in their well-being. The results are discussed in the context of why marriage is linked to well-being across the lifespan.
Women are more likely to expect social sanctions for open defecation: Evidence from Tamil Nadu India
Authors: Kuang Jinyi , Ashraf Sania , Shpenev Alex , Delea Maryann G. , Das Upasak , Bicchieri Cristina
Published: July 2020

Social sanctions can be effective for sustaining beneficial norms by harnessing the power of social pressure and peer monitoring. Yet, field evidence regarding how norms might be linked to perceived risk of sanction is limited. In this study, we focused on communities located in peri-urban areas of Tamil Nadu, India, and examined how people’s perceived prevalence of a socially desirable behavior (i.e., toilet use) relates to the perceived risk of sanctions for deviating from this behavior (i.e., open defecation) in the sanitation domain. Cross-sectional data from 2427 participants in 75 communities revealed that the majority (77%, n = 1861) perceived the risk of informal sanctions related to open defecation. Among those, verbal reprimand was the most common (60%), followed by advice (30%) and gossip (7%). Results from multilevel logistic regression indicated that those who believed toilet use was prevalent in their community were more likely to perceive the risk of social sanctions for open defecation. Moderation analysis revealed that this relationship was robust among women, but attenuated among men. Our findings suggest that women are more likely to expect social sanctions if they deviate from what is perceived as the prevalent sanitation behavior (e.g., toilet use) in their community. Open defecation practices are known to cause psychosocial stress among women due to their experiences with sanitation insecurity, which may include fear of disapproval from community members. Our results highlight the need for gendered intervention strategies when sanitation programs leverage social influence for behavior change.
Clinical binge eating, but not uncontrolled eating, is associated with differences in executive functions: evidence from meta-analytic findings
Authors: Prunell Anna , Jurado María Ángeles , Garcia Isabel Garcia
Published: July 2020

Binge eating disorder (BED) is a common psychiatric diagnosis characterized by the presence of episodes of loss of control over food consumption. Understanding the neurocognitive factors associated with binge eating pathology might help to design clinical strategies aimed at preventing or treating BED. However, results in the field are notably heterogeneous. In the current study, we aimed to establish whether binge eating behaviors (both at a clinical and at a non-clinical level) are associated with executive functions. To do so, we performed a pre-registered meta-analysis to examine the link between executive functions, BED, and uncontrolled eating, a psychobiological construct closely associated with binge eating behaviors. Relative to healthy controls, patients with BED showed lower performance in executive functions, with a small effect size. At the same time, uncontrolled eating patterns were not associated with differences in executive functions. Neither age nor body mass index (BMI) influenced these results. Our findings suggest that there is no association between performance in executive functions and variations along the non-clinical spectrum of binge eating behaviors. Small deficits in executive functions, however, seem to appear in individuals showing severe binge eating symptoms, that is, individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for BED. We speculate that the close links between BED and emotional distress could partly explain these results.
Registered Report: Transcriptional Analysis of Savings Memory Suggests Forgetting Is Due to Retrieval Failure
Authors: Calin-Jageman Robert , Calin-Jageman Irina , Rosiles Tania , Nguyen Melissa , Garcia Annette , Garcia George , Gordon Hannah , Juarez Lorena , Duron Monica
Published: July 2020

[[This is a Stage 2 Registered Report manuscript now accepted for publication at eNeuro. The accepted Stage 1 manuscript is posted here: https://psyarxiv.com/s7dft, and the pre-registration for the project is available here (https://osf.io/fqh8j, 9/11/2019). A link to the final Stage 2 manuscript will be posted after peer review and publication.]] There is fundamental debate about the nature of forgetting: some have argued that it represents the decay of the memory trace, others that the memory trace persists but becomes inaccessible due to retrieval failure. These different accounts of forgetting lead to different predictions about savings memory, the rapid re-learning of seemingly forgotten information. If forgetting is due to decay, then savings requires re-encoding and should thus involve the same mechanisms as initial learning. If forgetting is due to retrieval failure, then savings should be mechanistically distinct from encoding. In this registered report we conducted a pre-registered and rigorous test between these accounts of forgetting. Specifically, we used microarray to characterize the transcriptional correlates of a new memory (1 day after training), a forgotten memory (8 days after training), and a savings memory (8 days after training but with a reminder on day 7 to evoke a long-term savings memory) for sensitization in Aplysia californica (n = 8 samples/group). We found that the re-activation of sensitization during savings does not involve a substantial transcriptional response. Thus, savings is transcriptionally distinct relative to a newer (1-day old) memory, with no co-regulated transcripts, negligible similarity in regulation-ranked ordering of transcripts, and a negligible correlation in training-induced changes in gene expression (r = .04 95% CI [-.12, .20]). Overall, our results suggest that forgetting of sensitization memory represents retrieval failure.
Most oxytocin administration studies are statistically underpowered to reliably detect (or reject) a wide range of effect sizes
Authors: Quintana Daniel S
Published: July 2020

The neuropeptide oxytocin has attracted substantial research interest for its role in behaviour and cognition; however, the evidence for its effects have been mixed. Meta-analysis is viewed as the gold-standard for synthesizing evidence, but the evidential value of a meta-analysis is dependent on the evidential value of the studies it synthesizes, and the analytical approaches used to derive conclusions. To assess the evidential value of oxytocin administration meta-analyses, this study calculated the statistical power of 107 studies from 35 meta-analyses and assessed the statistical equivalence of reported results. The mean statistical power across all studies was 12.2% and there has been no noticeable improvement in power over an eight-year period. None of the 26 non-significant meta-analyses were statistically equivalent, assuming a smallest effect size of interest of 0.1. Altogether, most oxytocin treatment study designs are statistically underpowered to either detect or reject a wide range of effect sizes that scholars may find worthwhile.
Tight Cultures and Vengeful Gods: How Culture Shapes Religious Belief
Authors: Jackson Joshua Conrad , Caluori Nava , Abrams Samantha , Beckman Elizabeth , Gelfand Michele J. , Gray Kurt
Published: July 2020

Billions of people from around the world believe in vengeful gods who punish immoral behavior. These punitive religious beliefs may foster prosociality and contribute to large-scale cooperation, but little is known about how these beliefs emerge and why people adopt them in the first place. We present a cultural-psychological model suggesting that cultural tightness—the strictness of cultural norms and normative punishment—helps to catalyze punitive religious beliefs by increasing people’s motivation to punish norm violators. Our model also suggests that tightness mediates the impact of ecological threat on punitive belief, explaining why punitive religious beliefs are most common in regions with high levels of ecological threat. Five multi-method studies support these predictions. Studies 1-3 focus on the effect of cultural tightness on punitive religious beliefs. Historical increases in cultural tightness precede and predict historical increases in punitive beliefs (Study 1), and both manipulating people’s support for tightness (Study 2) and placing people in a simulated tight society (Study 3) increase punitive religious beliefs via the personal motivation to punish norm violators. Studies 4-5 focus on whether cultural tightness mediates the link between ecological threat and punitive religious beliefs. Cultural tightness helps explain why U.S. states with high ecological threat (e.g. natural hazards, scarcity) have the highest levels of punitive religious beliefs (Study 4), and why experimental manipulations of threat increase punitive religious beliefs (Study 5). Past research shows how religion impacts culture, but our studies show how culture can shape religion.
日本における抑うつ症状に対する心理学的介入を目的とした スマートフォン用アプリケーション・プログラムのレビュー
Authors: Takashina Hikari , Yokomitsu Kengo
Published: July 2020

There are thousands of mobile apps delivering information and offering support and intervention in situations of daily life. The aim of this study was to identify the current state of apps for depressive symptoms or prevention of depression within the official Android and iOS app stores in Japan. The 47 apps for depression available for download from the app stores were evaluated by the App Evaluation Model regarding background information, risk/ privacy and security, evidence, ease of use, and interoperability. Also, we evaluated their primary purpose, technology components, and cognitive-behavioral therapy components. The results suggest that in general few apps have been developed that are evidence-based, secure, and provide the services that users expect. In the future, it will be necessary to develop a framework for developing and disseminating more effective apps. This study is the first review of apps for depression available in Japan and seeks to help create a framework for such apps.
Blame Crime on Name? People With Bad Names Are More Likely to Commit Crime
Authors: Bao Han-Wu-Shuang , Wang Jianxiong , Cai Huajian
Published: July 2020

Past evidence has revealed the interpersonal and intrapersonal costs of bearing bad names. The current research examined whether bad names predicted a more serious social outcome: criminal behavior. We found name-crime links based on a large dataset of 981,289 Chinese criminals (as compared to the whole Chinese population and a national representative sample of 1,000,000 non-criminal controls). People whose names were unpopular, negative, or implied lower warmth/morality were more likely to commit property and violent crime, whereas people whose names implied higher competence/assertiveness were more likely to commit violent and economic crime. Critically, lower warmth/morality of name still robustly predicted crime when controlling for demographic confounds and addressing alternative explanations. Furthermore, possessing a less warm/moral name predicted the motive for intentionally committing crime. These findings demonstrate the ethical costs of bearing bad/immoral names and enrich the understanding of how social-cognitive dimensions (warmth–competence) are associated with human behavior.
Regret in Experience-Based Decisions: The Effects of Expected Value Differences and Mixed Gains and Losses
Authors: Hayes William M. , Wedell Douglas
Published: July 2020

Previous research on experience-based decisions with complete feedback supports the idea that people generally prefer options that produce better outcomes most of the time. The current study explored whether this preference is modulated by differences in expected value (EV) and the presence or absence of occasional losses. Participants (n = 52) recruited through a crowdsourcing platform completed an online experiment that involved repeated choices between a safer and a riskier option while receiving complete feedback. The riskier option yielded a better outcome on 80% of draws so that choosing it minimized the probability of regret. Preference for the riskier option was high when it had the same EV as the safer option and all outcomes were gains, but it decreased when the safer option had a higher EV and when both options included occasional losses. These findings replicated the results of a preliminary experiment with undergraduate participants (n = 105). Outcome ratings obtained on 50% of trials showed large effects of regret and rejoicing, confirming that participants were sensitive to relative comparisons between obtained and forgone outcomes. Reinforcement-learning modeling indicated that the effects of unequal EVs and mixed outcomes could be accounted for by assuming combined encoding of absolute and relative outcomes and unequal weighting of gains and losses. Overall, our results suggest that minimizing the probability of regret is an important motivational factor in experience-based decisions, but structural features of the choice environment can modulate the extent to which decision makers follow this strategy.
Changing scenario during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Baral Gehanath
Published: July 2020

Regular activities, management, behavior, livelihood and regulations have been altered and customized during pandemic to cope with the newly appeared challenges. All steps of life have been affected unexpectedly. The epidemiological, political, clinical and psychosocial scenarios have been changing as the time passes; thus the initial guidelines and regulation are not enough to combat crisis over time.
Keywords: covid, crisis, guideline, pandemic, testing
Knowledge of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls: what does evidence show?
Authors: Shrestha Niki , Dangal Ganesh , Khanal Gayatri , Bhandari Tulsi Ram
Published: July 2020

Aims: To explore the knowledge of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in different domains like culture, social learning and belief.
Methods: This review paper explored the knowledge of menstrual hygiene management under several domains. Literature published in Pub Med, Medline, Google Scholar and HINARI from 2010 to 2020 was reviewed to prepare this paper.
Results: The studies revealed that there is a general silence about menstruation. Adequate and accurate information about menstruation and the need for good menstrual hygiene management is limited. It further revealed that girls are not provided with comprehensive information before menarche while growing up, and therefore the first experience of menstruation is without any preparation and usually comes as a shock. Menstruation is widely regarded as a curse from God or as a disease or as being impure or as a taboo. Schools are doing very little to impart education on Menstrual Hygiene Management to adolescents. A majority of the teachers themselves are least or unprepared to address this issue with the girls, even when it is part of the school curriculum. The studies provide a wealth of information for designing interventions to improve menstrual hygiene management.
Conclusions: Young girls are not well aware of the menstrual event and the hygienic measures. They are neither well informed nor properly taught by elders and teachers. Effective interventions must be contextualized, designed, and implemented to generate awareness and change the mindset of people surrounding menstruation.
Keywords: adolescents, knowledge, menstrual hygiene management, reproductive health
USING CHECKLISTS AS A VISUAL SUPPORT TOOL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACTIVITIES OF ADOLESCENTS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS
Authors: Guseva N.Yu.
Published: July 2020

This article discusses some aspects of using checklists as a tool for visual support of the activities of adolescents with ASD. The main reasons why this type of visual support is the mosteffective in the implementation of productive activities of students in this category are analyzed.
MAJOR STEPS OF PIECEOF MUSIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Goldfajn L.A.
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the main points of musical composition development. The author divides the study process into three stages: the first –introductory, the second –detailed work on the piece, the third -final, preparation for public performance.Special attention is paid to work of teacher in the DMSH, since students are differently gifted and yet teacher is expected to instill and develop students ' most complex performing skills while staying withing rigid time limits. When working with students, tutor musician should not only monitor the technically accurate performance of the work, but also constantly focus on the artistry and expressiveness of the musical material, as well as develop the student's creative approach to reading and mastering the musical text
The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).
Authors: Khan Bakhtiar , Khan Arif , Khan Irfan
Published: July 2020

Democratic governance empowers and provides citizens the opportunity to live a life of their free will. Unfortunately, Pakistans democracy is confronted with numerous challenges. Among these challenges, governance issues are worthy of attention. The paper especially focuses on PPPs first tenure under Benazir Bhutto in terms of its commitment to democratic governance. It was expected that the norms of democracy would be strengthened, and the country would never see dictatorial rule again in any manifestation. This paper examines PPPs style of governance keeping in view its fragile position in the parliament and the all-over hostile working environment in the country in 1988-90. Centreprovincial relationship; especially Punjab, has also been taken into account. The study explores Benazirs claims and struggles for strengthening democracy. Furthermore, the paper highlights those factors that made the party to fulfil its commitments and to bring the systm of good governance in Pakistan.
Development of a boost system turbocompaund piston engine
Authors: Filippov A. S , Kaminsky V. N , Kaminsky R. V , Titchenko A. Yu , Kostyukov E. A
Published: July 2020

The requirements for modern engines are constantly being tightened in terms of ensuring economic and environmental parameters. Thermodynamic analysis shows that approximately 30-40% of fuel energy is emitted into the environment by exhaust gases. For this reason, obtaining additional energy from exhaust gases is a promising way to significantly improve the thermal efficiency of the engine. Methods for generating additional energy from exhaust gases include: turbocharging, turbocompound, Brighton cycle, Rankine cycle and thermoelectric generators. These methods showed an increase in thermal efficiency, which vary from 2-20%, depending on the design of the system, the quality of energy recovery, component efficiency and implementation. In this work theme of one of the promising options for energy saving in piston engines will be revealed. Unfortunately, the topic turbocompounding in Russia is poorly studied, there are no methods for developing these systems, recommendations for selecting boost units. The aim of this work is to create a turbocompound system for boosting an aircraft engine. In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are formulated and solved: studied domestic and international experience in creating turbocharging systems for turbocharged piston engines; a methodology has been developed for creating turbocharged boost systems for internal combustion engines; recommendations were developed to coordinate the joint operation of a turbocompressor and a power turbine, as well as a turbocompound system with an engine; developed recommendations for choosing a method for regulating turbocompound boost systems. Based on the developed methodology and recommendations, the calculation of the pressurization parameters of the APD - 500 diesel aircraft piston engine with a power of 368 kW was performed. The required characteristics of the blade machines were determined and the required sizes were selected. The choice of turbochargher was made by superimposing the flow characteristics of the APD-500 engine on the characteristics of the compressor stage of the turbochargher. The parameters of the power turbine were calculated, the required gear ratio of the power turbine gearbox was determined.
Assessment of the stress-strain state in the weld zone for the forklift truck frame
Authors: Shcherbakov A. P , Pushkarev A. E , Manvelova N. E
Published: July 2020

In the context of an ever-increasing complication of both the construction of building machines and mechanisms and the conditions of their operation, the issues of achieving reliability and durability of the main welded joints are actualized, since the quality of the welded joint determines the operability of the assembly and the machine as a whole. In this regard, ensuring satisfactory weldability and obtaining a better welded joint are necessary conditions of increased strength for welded structures on which the working bodies of construction machinery, as well as mechanisms and their assembly units are mounted. The article addresses the key issues of improving the reliability of welded structures of building machines. Special attention is paid to the problems of strengthening hazardous areas, as well as the restoration of such zones in the welded structures of construction machinery. As an example, the article considers the frame of a forklift truck equipped with a hydraulic manipulator. Particular emphasis is placed on the fact that when calculating the distances between welds, it is necessary to take into account its dependence on the welding conditions and the parameters of the frame structures of construction machines. The stress-strain state of the frame was evaluated by modeling the state of the structure in various situations. Using finite element analysis programs, it was found that it is possible to reduce local stresses that exceed the tensile strength of the material and cause the risk of microcracks due to the welding of overlays with short seams in a checkerboard pattern, as well as finding the optimal parameters of the welds taking into account the stress concentration. It was also established during the study that the greatest influence on the value by stress concentration factors is exerted by the radius of the transition from the base metal to the weld metal. An increase in the transition radius from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm makes it possible to reduce the value of the stress concentration coefficient.
PENGARUH DISIPLIN KERJA DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN PIZZA HUT WILAYAH JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Rizky Pratama , Wahjusaputri Sintha , Wibowo Adityo Ari
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the effect between Work Discipline and Organizational Culture for Job Satisfaction. The variables used are Work Discipline and Organizational Culture as independent variables and Job Satisfaction variables as the dependent variable. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze 1) The effect of Work Discipline on employees Job Satisfaction of Pizza Hut East Jakarta Region 2) The effect of Organizational Culture on employees Job Satisfaction of Pizza Hut East Jakarta Region 3) The effect of Work Discipline and Organizational Culture on employees Job Satisfaction of Pizza Hut East Jakarta Region
KAJIAN PENGEMBANGAN KLASTER KOMODITAS BAWANG MERAH DI KANTOR PERWAKILAN BANK INDONESIA TEGAL
Authors: Solekha Anis , Widianto Andri , Karunia Anita
Published: July 2020

Bank Indonesia (BI) is the Central Bank of the Republic of Indonesia which is responsible for achieving and maintaining the stability of the rupiah value, such as maintaining the stability of volatile food. Volatile food can be maintain using cluster development, one of them is the shallot commodity cluster. This study aimed to determine the development of shallot commodity clusters in the context of controlling inflation at the Tegal Bank Indonesia Representative Office. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and literature study. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative analysis through a fishbone diagram instrument. The results of the fishbone diagram analysis showed the factors that influence the shallot commodity on inflation control in Brebes Regency are farmers, upstream factors, environmental factors, and downstream factors. Shallot is the main contributor to inflation in Brebes district, in 2016 these commodities contributed to inflation by 0.33%, in 2017-2019 commodities contributed to deflation of -0.26%, -0.22274% and -0.0883%. The conclusion is the development of shallot commodity cluster in the context of controlling inflation in the Tegal Bank Indonesia Representative Office using a fishbone diagram instrument considered to be good enough.
GROWTH PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT UTILIZATION, SURVIVAL AND BODY INDICES OF AFRICAN CATFISH (CLARIAS GARIEPINUS, BURCHELL 1822) REARED ON MAGGOT MEAL BASED DIET
Authors: Akinwole Ayoola , Dauda Akeem , Ogunkunle Victore
Published: July 2020

Growth performance, feed utilization, survival and body indices of African catfish Clarias gariepinus juveniles fed diets containing maggot meal as replacement of fish meal was evaluated for 42 days. Sixty fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus, average weight of 10 g were randomly distributed into six circular tanks at the rate of 10 fish per tank. There were two treatments, DT1(maggot meal-based diet) and DT2 (fish meal-based diet). The fish were fed twice daily. Water quality parameters were monitored on a weekly basis throughout the experimental period. Growth, nutrient utilization and body indices parameters were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Crude protein, crude lipid and ash were higher in the fish meal-based diet (34.65%, 7.33% and 18.03% in DT2 as against 28.70%, 7.20% and 11.0.1% in DT1 respectively), while crude fibre was higher in maggot meal-based diet. The selected water quality parameters: temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia and pH were slightly lower in maggot meal based treatment, but none of them was differently significant. Mean weight gain, specific growth rate, protein intake, protein efficiency ratio, lipid intake and lipid efficiency ratio (17.25±0.70 g, 2.39±0.06 %/day, 95.50±1.27 g, 1.81±0.06, 23.96±0.32 g and 7.20±0.24 respectively) were all significantly higher in DT2. The feed conversion ratio was higher significantly in DT1. Survival, hepatosomatic index and condition factor were similar between the two treatments. Though the aforementioned body indices indicated that the total replacement of fish meal with maggot meal is not harmful to the fish, a partial replacement may be better for optimum output
INFRARED THERMOGRAPHIC INSPECTION OF ELECTRICAL JUNCTIONS IN SOME ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES IN AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
Authors: Abdelmalik Abdelghaffar , Muhammed M. I. , Muhammad A. B. , Ismaila A. , Aliyu A.
Published: July 2020

Electrical or insulation failure is usually accompanied by two major events among others; production of acoustic pulses (sound) and an increase in temperature owing to heating. These lead to costly energy dissipation. Distribution boards are elementary necessities in any electrical wiring but overheating at the junctions can result in serious energy loss and eventual fire outbreak. There are several methods and techniques used in monitoring and assessing the state of power equipment and components in the electricity network. One of such techniques is Infrared thermography (IRT). An average temperature of 92.4°C and 33.7°C were recorded on the three-phase distribution board for the building during the peak and off-peak periods respectively. The inspection of the distribution boards in the Physics Department building of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, using thermal imaging camera, revealed excessive heating at the three-phase distribution board during peak hours, leading to Ohmic loss. The dissipated energy during the peak period ranges from 665 W/m2 to 1.5 kW/m2. The heating resulted in an average energy loss of about 1 kW/m2. The energy loss at the junctions may have, among other factors, contributed to the high electricity billing at the university.
GEO-INFORMATIC APPLICATION IN ANOMALIES ASSESSMENT IN THE MASTER PLAN OF IDAH TOWN, KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ishaya S. , Omika Umoru  Yunusa
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Nigerian urban environments are characterized by uncontrolled organic and consciously created urban settlements driven by a host of factors. This study used geo-informatic technology to assess the anomalies in the Master Plan of Idah town between 2005 and 2015. The Master Plan of Idah town and high resolution IKONOS images were acquired to provide data for the study while geo-informatic technology was use in the data analysis. The results show that in 2005 residential land use exceeded the expected area in the Master Plan by 1,474,270.6 m2, commercial land use is not accordingly developed having an area of 3,290 m2 encroached upon, that of industrial is encroached upon by 569,766.8 m2, educational is encroached upon by 769,766.8 m2, recreational is encroached upon by 1,521 m2, health is encroached upon by 62,802 m2, religious is encroached upon by 8,026 m2 while government and civic land is encroached upon by 9,265 m2, and transport is encroached upon by 50,333 m2. The study further revealed that the anomalies in the urban Master Plan of Idah town advanced in 2015 with the residential land use exceeded the expected land area designated for it in 2005 by 8,142,704.7 m2 while other land uses that were not fully developed were also encroached upon. Despite the detailed master plan was prepared for Idah town covering the period 1974 to 2005 the implementation is absolutely void. The study recommended that, the Master Plan should be urgently renew to avoid further land use development resulting in more anomalies.
DIVERSITY OF MICROBES IN SOIL AGGREGATE FRACTIONS UNDER DIFFERENT LAND-USE IN NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA, NIGERIA
Authors: Lawal Halima Mohammed , Salifu U. M. , Amapu I. Y. , Atta H. I.
Published: July 2020

Microorganisms play vital role in keeping soil healthy. Bacteria, Fungi and Actinobacteria are active in degrading soil organic matter which improves soil ecosystem functioning. There exists a dearth of information on the influence of land-use on diversity of microbes in different soil aggregate sizes in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. This study assessed the diversity of soil microbes under six different land-use practices namely forest, fallow, pasture legume, pasture cereal, date palm plantation and continuous cultivated. In each land-use soil samples were collected at two depths (0-5 cm and 5-20 cm). The soil samples were divided into two parts, one part was left as collected from the field sites (bulk soil) and the other part was separated into three aggregate fractions (>250 µm, >53 µm and <53 µm). Bacteria, Fungi and Actinobacteria were cultured, isolated and identified, and some soil chemical properties were determined. Colony forming units per gram of soil (CFU/g soil) was computed for the soil microbes. Results revealed that Bacteria is the predominant soil microbe followed by Actinobacteria and then Fungi in all the land-uses. Bacteria population ranged from 1.49x107to 8.65x107CFU/g soil, Actinobacteria population ranged from 9.32x105 to 5.85x106 CFU/g soil and Fungi population ranged between 6.75x104 and 4.21x105 CFU/g soil. Higher microbial population were observed in forest soil than soils of the other land-uses. Continuously cultivated land had the least microbial population. Silt + clay soil fraction had significantly higher bacteria while the bulk soil was significantly richer in fungal population.
Optimization Studies on Subcritical Water Extraction of Fuels and Fine Chemicals from Prosopis juliflora: An Invasive Weed Tree
Authors: Venkatachalam Chitra Devi , Sengottian Mothil , Ravichandran Sathish Raam , Subramaniyan Kirankumar , Kalappan Thangamuthu Parthiban
Published: July 2020

Waste lignocellulosic biomass obtained from the dry plant matter is the most abundantly available resource for the production of biofuels, and biochar. The invasive weed tree of Prosopis juliflora was employed as feedstock for the extraction process, which converts biomass into biogas, bio-oil, and biochar in the presence of subcritical water at high temperatures (250 °C to 374 °C) and pressures (4-22 MPa). The extraction process was performed inside a 50 ml stainless steel hydrothermal reactor with 3.5 g of feedstock and varying process parameters such as temperatures (250–325 °C) and reaction time (30–120 min) and biomass to water loading (10–30 % w/v). The response surface methodology was employed to optimize the parameters for maximizing the bio-oil yield under subcritical condition using Design Expert 8.0.7.1 software. The % yield of bio-oil and biochar during this process were taken as responses. The biomass and bio-oil were characterized using proximate and ultimate elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and gas-chromatography mass spectroscopy. The results showed that the maximal yield of bio-oil 3.65 % was obtained at a temperature of 277.62 °C, reaction time 59.98 min and biomass to water loading 20.13 % w/v. The resulted bio-oil was found to contain long-chain alkanes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines, and phenols.