bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic potential of various laboratory tests for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a systematic review
Authors: Mansoor Misha , Shafiq Muhammad Hamza , Imran Mahnoor , Mushtaq Fiza , Iftikhar Sana , Shafiq Fuad
Published: July 2024

Objective: To identify possible tests along with their accuracies that may be used to diagnose irritable bowel syndrome.
Method: The systematic review comprised literature search on Cochrane Library, PubMed, Science Direct and Elsevier databases for randomised controlled trials and cohort studies conducted from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2022, using appropriate key words and Boolean operators. Focus was kept on studies that reported irritable bowel syndrome diagnosis as the primary outcome. The risk of bias was assessed using quality assessment, data abstraction, and synthesis version 2.
Results: Of the 2,798 studies initially identified, 10(0.35%) were analysed in detail. Of them, 4(40%) used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits to test for anti-cytolethal distending toxin B and anti-vinculin levels, 2(20%) used the kits for serum cytokine profiling and serum calprotectin levels, and 4(40%) used either magnetic resonance imaging scans, faecal metabolic profiling, intestinal biopsy analysis with immunostaining or polymerase chain reaction for differential transfer-ribonucleic acid-derived small ribonucleic acid. Out of the 4(40%) studies on anti-cytolethal distending toxin B and anti-vinculin levels, optical densities >1.56 and >1.60 recorded 100% specificity for irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea, but sensitivity was 22%. In contrast, rectal biopsies for cell densities of somatostatin and peptide YY showed high sensitivity and specificity for irritable bowel syndrome ranging 80-90%.
Conclusion: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing for anti-cytolethal distending toxin B and anti-vinculin as well as rectal biopsies for cell densities could be potential diagnostic tests for irritable bowel syndrome.
Key Words: Irritable bowel syndrome, Diagnosis, Laboratory, ELISA.
Teaching through integration- action research at a private nursing institution in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Asif Nimira , Rahim Shirin , Saleem Zulekha , Iqbal Shagufta
Published: July 2024

Objective: This research aims to explore the outcome of teaching through integration, on nursing students learning using Harden model (1984) of curriculum strategy.
Method: The study used action research as a methodology. Two modules of Year II BScN curriculum were taught through integration to 120 students at a private nursing institute in Karachi, Pakistan. The Data was collected from February to May 2018.  Four focus group discussions (FGD) of six students each were conducted, before and after module implementation. The data were analysed using Creswell method.
Results: The study findings consist of three themes “integration adds to contentment”, “integration carries challenges and “integration supplements teaching learning strategies” with their respective subthemes as Complete connected and comprehensively concise” Integration carries challenges, added burden, and lacked creativity and logistics.
Conclusion: The findings show that teaching through integrated modules help students to become focused and responsible learner, optimize understanding of concepts, and strengthen theory practice integration for delivering holistic care. The study recommends to use integration strategy as a step toward for enhanced student learning and better patient outcome.
Key words: Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate, Curriculum.
Primary malignant melanoma of the gastroesophageal junction with KIT gene exon 11 mutation
Authors: Gao Xiaozhuo , Zhao Zehua , Zhu Yanmei
Published: July 2024

Mucosal melanoma (MM) represents an uncommon form of melanoma. Primary gastrointestinal tract (GIT) melanoma is even rarer. A 70-year-old male visited the Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, China, due to upper abdominal discomfort for the past two months. His endoscopy revealed a prominent, 6-cm ulcerated neoplasm in the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Lesion endoscopic biopsy showed diffusely distributed tumour cells. He underwent subtotal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection (LND). Postoperative histopathology revealed a diffuse distribution of tumour cells with numerous tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and pigment granules. Immunohistochemical (IHC) results were positive for both S-100 and HMB-45. Molecular analysis showed KIT gene exon 11 mutations. Although the clinicians emphasised the necessity of systemic chemotherapy and immunotherapy with the patient and his family, the patient did not receive any adjuvant therapy and died 36 months after surgery.
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Proximal radial neck fracture with complete 180-degree rotation of radial head: a case report
Authors: Shah Imran Ali , Afridi Mahenau Hasan , Nadeem Muhammad Aarish , Khan Zainab Aqeel , Butt Umer , Shah Junaid Ali
Published: July 2024

Radial neck fractures with radial head rotation are very rare and extremely difficult to manage. We present the case of an 11-year-old girl who fell on her outstretched left upper extremity and damaged her left elbow in a road traffic accident. An arthrotomy was performed under a C-Arm fluoroscope, which confirmed the radial head displacement of 180° along with the fracture. The fracture site was reduced and fixed with two Kirschner wires, cutting the wire short at its distal end for a complete closure. Open reduction and internal fixation were followed by casting for five weeks. After two years of follow-up, she had complete pain free range of motion of the affected limb. No post-operative complications have been observed till date. Open reduction and internal fixation with two K-wires is a viable option for such complex injuries. However, further evaluation of outcomes and post-operative complications are required.
Analisis Modal Sosial Terhadap Penerapan Sistem Jaminan Produk Halal (SJPH) pada Pelaku Usaha di Pantai Lon Malang
Authors: Ulimas Ria Vinola , Rahayuningsih Eni Sri
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the role of social capital in the implementation of the Halal Product Assurance System (SJPH) among businesses in Lon Malang Beach. Social capital represents the characteristics of social organizations, such as networks, norms, and social trust, which facilitate coordination and mutually beneficial cooperation. SJPH is a quality management system that ensures the produced goods meet halal standards. This research employs a qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that businesses in Lon Malang Beach are in the process of implementing halal product assurance after attending socialization sessions organized by the Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). They have started using materials uncontaminated by non-halal substances. If using animals as raw materials, the slaughtering process must adhere to Islamic Sharia law. Additionally, 19 individuals have obtained a Business Identification Number (NIB) as a requirement for applying for halal certification. The implementation of SJPH is influenced by strong social capital between business operators and BUMDes, which provides assistance and guidance in the halal certification process. This robust social capital is reflected in the norms, trust, networks, and reciprocal relationships that are mutually beneficial between the businesses and BUMDes. Although they do not yet possess halal certificates, the Madurese community has a high awareness of halal practices, as these have been taught from a young age by figures such as Bhuppa,' Bhâbhu', Ghuru, and Rato (Father, Mother, Government Leader). However, the ability to obtain halal certification is still low due to the limited knowledge about the certification registration process.
Pengaruh Digital Payment dan E-Commerce terhadap Perilaku Konsumtif: Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Agama Islam UMSU
Authors: Anggi Listia  , Mutiah Khaira Sihotang
Published: July 2024

Pengaruh Digital Payment dan E-Commerce terhadap Perilaku Konsumtif: Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Agama Islam UMSU
This research aims to find out the influence of digital payments and e-commerce on consumer behavior (case study of students at the Umsu Islamic Faculty) both partially and simultaneously. This research approach is associative. The population was 1,215 students and the sample was 92 students. The data collection technique in this research uses a questionnaire technique. The data analysis technique in this research uses Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Test, Hypothesis Test (t Test and F Test), and Coefficient of Determination. Data processing in this research used the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software program version 29.00. Partially, the digital payment variable has a significant effect on consumer behavior. Partially, the e-commerce variable has a significant effect on consumer behavior. Simultaneously, digital payment and e-commerce variables have a significant effect on consumer behavior.
Analisis Pendapatan Petani Jagung yang Ditinjau dari Modal dan Harga Jual: Studi pada Petani Jagung di Desa Tudi Kecamatan Monano
Authors: Fitriana Atima  , Hartati Tuli  , Ronal S.Badu
Published: July 2024

In Indonesia, corn is a food ingredient that can contribute to the development of the agricultural sector. Development of the agricultural sector is synonymous with efforts to increase community income and welfare. There are various factors that can influence farming income such as capital, selling price, production, land area, and labor. The aim of this research is to determine the income of corn farmers in terms of capital and selling price. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method using primary data obtained through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show that the average level of income of farmers in terms of selling prices produces income for one harvest which is quite high because the average selling price received during the last harvest by farmers was IDR 4,800/kg. This is also a high selling price. will produce a large income, while the farmer's income level in terms of capital to produce one harvest is quite low due to the varying differences in capital expenditure. This can occur because the purchase price of tools, materials and wage costs incurred by each informant is different, this causes large the small amount of capital spent will affect the level of income generated.
Compliance of Sharia Audit in Islamic Banks and Islamic Financial Institutions in Palestine: A Literature Review
Authors: Faza' Mustafa , Badwan Nemer
Published: July 2024

Sharia audits are required to make sure that Islamic financial institutions adhere to Islamic sharia standards in their financial and operational activities, and that the goods and services they provide to international financial institutions do not contravene any Islamic laws. This study aims to accomplish its objectives and provide answers to its questions. To accomplish the primary objective of this research, a systematic literature review, content analysis, and descriptive techniques were employed. This study used a systematic literature review methodology to locate, evaluate, and consolidate the extant literature on the analytical topic. This study analyses the differences in the roles of internal and external auditors between (IFIs) and (IBs) while considering the subject matter of internal sharia audits and the credentials of sharia auditors. This analysis is conducted through a literature review and examination of the existing literature on sharia audit compliance and governance. Consequently, the advantages of sharia compliance audits will be increased, and upcoming legal amendments will be put in place to minimize or eliminate the danger of sharia's noncompliance. This study provides a literature review and a theoretical and conceptual understanding of sharia audit compliance in Islamic financial institutions and banks. This study proposes a theoretical framework to evaluate the importance of sharia audit governance and identifies the basic elements that affect compliance, quality, and effectiveness in Islamic banks and financial institutions in Palestine. Compliance with the Islamic sharia audit can lead to optimal benefits, and future legislative changes can be implemented to minimize or eliminate the dangers of non-compliance with sharia.
DETERMINING THEMED WALKING TRAILS IN BANDAR HILIR MALACCA BY USING SPATIAL-MCDA
Authors: Nur Syaza Syazwany Shaharuddin , Nabilah Naharudin , Wan Buliana Wan Senik
Published: July 2024

Themed walking trails are becoming popular these days. It connects different type of destinations and therefore would enhance a better travel experience. The trails which aiming for people to seamlessly exploring an area should not be limited to have short travelling time and distance only. Many factors need to also be considered such as safety, accessibility, infrastructure,and facilities. With that, the trails could offer a diverse range of experiences to the end-users.
Hence, this study was conducted to determine the themed walking trails with an increased focus on the criteria. The objectives of this study are; (i) to identify suitable criteria for finding the themed walking trails, (ii) to identify the themed walking trails by using Spatial-MCDA,and (iii) to create a map visualizing themed walking trails. This study utilized Spatial-MCDA to determine themed walking trails which took public preferences into consideration in finding the potential routes by using GIS. In this study, three (3) themed walking trails connecting popular attractions in Bandar Hilir, Malacca, were determined which are (a) Eateries Trail, (b) Shopping Trail, and (c) Heritage Trail
Assessing the Risk of Stroke among the Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: MJ Kumari
Published: July 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a recognised independent risk factor for stroke as it contributes to the progression of atherothrombotic cerebrovascular lesions. Diabetic patients have a 1.5 to 3 times higher risk of stroke, especially cerebral infarction, than non-diabetic subjects. The study aimed to assess the level of risk on stroke among the patients with diabetes mellitus in a tertiary care hospital of South India. The study design was cross sectional descriptive research type. The study participants (n=196) were having diabetes type I or type II, above 18 years, with or without comorbidity who attended diabetic out-patient department of the hospital. National stroke association’s stroke risk score card was used to assess the level of risk on stroke; data was collected by face to face interview method. Majority of the diabetic patients had caution level of risk (n=166, 84.7%); 30 (15.3%) patients had high level of risk and none of the participants (0%) had low level of risk. The level of risk of stroke among the patients with diabetes mellitus mean and standard deviation was 13.87+2.288. The study showeds that diabetics had risk of getting stroke though not high risk. The patients following healthy life style can prevent stroke in future.
DIGITAL HORIZONS IN HERITAGE MUSEUMS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DISPLAY EVOLUTION AND RESEARCH TRENDS
Authors: Meng Wensi  , Jasni Dolah
Published: July 2024

The construction and development of museums have gained increasing attention as a prominent research topic in recent years. Digital technology has enhanced the presentation of artefacts across various museums. However, adequate visualisation software for analysis in heritage museum research remains lacking in China or even around the world. Consequently, this study conducts a statistical analysis of literature on heritage museum displays that was sourced from Web of Science and CNKI (China's National Knowledge Infrastructure) for 2002–2023, examining publication frequency, principal authors, research institutions, and keywords to identify research hotspots and trends. The results show that although there is a lack of study on historical museum exhibits both in China and abroad, the amount of research is trending significantly. Strengthening collaboration between core authors and institutions is necessary as it's currently limited. Internationally, AI research commenced earlier, with a focus on integrating augmented and virtual reality, among others. In China, the emphasis is on heritage museum conservation and architectural space research. Research trends indicate a deeper integration of heritage museums and AI technology, with its application on tangible and intangible cultural heritage proving significant for improved display, conservation, and legacy. This research provides insights for expanding heritage museum research in the areas of technological innovation and cultural heritage protection. It also outlines the current condition of heritage museum research and lays out fresh pathways for its future growth.
Developing Healthier Biscuit Alternatives: An Analysis of Tapioca, Desiccated Coconut, and Wheat Flour Blends
Authors: Corina Lai Hui Ling  , Mamat Hasmadi , Abdul Aziz Ahmad Hazim , Zainol Mohd Khairi , Mohammad Ridwan Norazlina
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to identify the optimal biscuit formulation using blends of tapioca flour, desiccated coconut flour and wheat flour. Four formulations, denoted as F1, F2, F3, and F4 with varying ratios of wheat flour, tapioca flour, and desiccated coconut flour (30:20:50, 30:30:40, 30:40:30, and 30:50:20 respectively), were produced. Multiple methodologies were employed to study the impact of composite flour on the quality of cookies, including sensory evaluation, proximate analysis, and physical evaluations. After a hedonic test involving 50 panelists, F3 emerged as the superior formulation. Proximate and physical analyses for F3 and the control (100% wheat flour) revealed notable differences. The proximate composition results showcased distinct differences between the best formulation (F3) and the control. F3 exhibited higher values (p<0.05) in moisture content (2.33±0.37%), crude fibre (4.05±0.02%), and carbohydrate content (65.04±0.74%) compared to the control. However, both formulations displayed similarities (p>0.05) in terms of spread ratio, colour, and pH, despite their differing composition in formulation. Notably, F3 surpassed the control in nutrient composition, especially in moisture, crude fibre, and carbohydrate content. In conclusion, the investigation into these blended flours has demonstrated promising outcomes, emphasising their potential to not just enhance the nutritional quality of biscuits but also elevate consumer contentment.
Detection of Adulterant Residues in UHT Milk Products using ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Norliza Binti Julmohammad  , Oslan Siti Nur Hazwani , Md Suhaini Iffah Kamilah , Tan Emeline , Ameram Nadiah , Soloi Sabrina , Mohd Yaakub Nurul' Azah , Julmohamad Norziana
Published: July 2024

Milk adulteration has been done to gain economic benefit by which the quality of milk is purposely compromised either by combining or substituting important ingredients of milk with adulterants. The objectives of this study were to determine the milk quality parameters of adulterated and unadulterated milk products through quality analysis and to investigate the ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technique in detection of adulterant residues in milk products. UHT milk samples were used with three common adulterants (melamine, formalin, anionic detergent) in five different concentrations (0.2%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.5% and 2.0%). Quality analysis was done on unadulterated milk and adulterated milk samples. Results showed that there were no significant differences between them. Thus, ATR-FTIR spectroscopic analysis was used for the qualification of adulterants in the wavenumber range of 4000 to 500. These results show the potential of FTIR spectroscopy as a rapid and sensitive technique for the detection of adulterant residues in UHT milk products.
A Posteriori Dietary Patterns among Children in Sabah: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Rafiz Azuan Nur Batrisyia , Harun Nur’Ain Mardhiyah , Chen Alice , Ooi Yasmin Beng Houi , Khor Ban Hock
Published: July 2024

Introduction: A dietary pattern reflects the combination of foods of an individual’s overall eating habits and there is accumulating evidence that dietary patterns are closely associated with health outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the á posteriori dietary patterns among children in Sabah. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to February 2023 in Kota Kinabalu and Tawau. A total of 199 children aged 5 to 12 years were recruited. Body weight, height, and body mass index were determined using standard protocols. Dietary intakes were assessed using the 24-hour diet recall method and dietary patterns were derived using the principal component analysis based on 20 food groups. Results: Three dietary patterns emerged: “Fish Dietary Pattern”, “Fruits Dietary Pattern”, and “White Rice Dietary Pattern”. There were significantly more children from households with monthly income less than RM 2500 (54.0%, P<0.001) and from Tawau (74.7%, P<0.001) adhered to the “Fish Dietary Pattern”. Children adhered to the “Fish Dietary Pattern” were taller (P=0.016) and had greater intakes of energy (P<0.001), carbohydrate (P<0.001), and protein (P<0.001), while children adhered to the “White Rice Dietary Pattern” had greater weight (P<0.001), height (P=0.003), BMI (P=0.003), as well as higher intakes of energy (P=0.010), carbohydrate (P<0.001), and protein (P=0.032). Conclusion: There were three distinct dietary patterns among children in Sabah, which were associated with growth indicators and nutrient intakes.
Comparison of selected nutritional analysis of goat and cow milk kefir using Indonesian kefir grains
Authors: Muhammed Jaini Ahmad Izzat , Mohd Yaakub Nurul'Azah , Zailan Mohamad Zaihan , Norliza Binti Julmohammad
Published: July 2024

Kefir is a fermented dairy beverage produced with kefir grains. It is high in probiotics and provides nutrition and health benefits. The effect of different level of kefir grains and incubation time on the chemical characteristics of goat and cow milk kefir was investigated. Kefir samples were prepared using 3 and 5% (w/v) kefir grains with incubation times of 12 and 24 hours. The addition of kefir grains significantly affected the pH, acidity, lactose, and protein content compared to control. There is no significant difference on pH, acidity, lactose, and protein in between both kefirs prepared in this study regardless of the treatments. The results showed that 5% (w/v) kefir grains with 24 hours incubation time was suggested to be the best milk kefir preparation for both goat milk and cow milk kefir.
Case report of an adolescent's suicide attempt through drug intoxication and nursing care
Authors: Özleşen Aysu
Published: July 2024

Suicide is a serious public health problem with increasing prevalence. It ranks fourth among the most common causes of death, especially in adolescents. The negative events they experience negatively affect the psychosocial health of adolescents and may lead them to suicide. The most common method used as a means of suicide is drug overdose. It is possible to prevent suicide by strengthening psychosocial support systems, early intervention programs and increasing access to mental health services. This case report aims to provide guiding information for necessary nursing care by focusing on the experiences of an adolescent who attempted suicide.
Digital tools for knowledge exchange and sustainable public food procurement in community kindergartens: A case study in Słupsk, Poland
Authors: Suchomska Joanna , Goszczyński Wojciech , Laborgne Pia , Cámara-Menoyo Carlos , Pierce Andrea , Wróblewski Michał , Porto de Albuquerque Joao , Jirka Simon
Published: July 2024

This article presents a case study on the experimental co-creation process of a digital platform supporting Sustainable Public Food Procurement (SPFP) in public kindergartens in a medium-sized city in Poland. The organisation of SPFP requires a dedicated technological infrastructure to ensure the information flow among food producers, kindergarten employees, children and parents. To this end, a digital platform was designed to enable contact, assessment of food quality and food procurement environmental impact, and the communication of needs and problems among all the actors involved in the food procurement system for kindergartens. The article also discusses the results of the field research and the method of Urban Living Labs, highlighting the key challenges faced by those seeking to combine knowledge about food and the natural environment with public food procurement. The principal difficulties include the availability, accessibility and possible application of data on the environmental costs of food production, the individualisation of needs and motivations related to public catering in educational facilities, and the specific nature of the public sector responsible for public food procurement.
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR WORKING WITH YOUTH (PART 2)
Authors: RAVOCHKIN Nikita , RVALOV Pavel
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the philosophical foundations of working with youth. The expediency of studying the presented problems in the context of modern social development in theoretical and applied aspects is substantiated. The activity approach when working with the socio-demographic group “youth” is analyzed. The key directions and stages of youth socialization have been identified. Possible negative scenarios that could lead to destructive behavior among young people are analyzed. The place of the theory of practices, which contributes to a more complete understanding when building purposeful interactions with young people, is specified. The role of digital technologies and technology in the processes of communication with youth representatives is determined. In conclusion, the general results of the study are summarized.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUBPROCESS
OF ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATIONS OF ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
Authors: GERASIMOV Kirill , YUDIN Vitaly
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the use of methodological tools for research and development of the sub-process of managing the economy of innovation in an organization. As the analysis of management systems shows, the effectiveness of the use of innovations is associated with the creation of conditions for their development and integration with modern subjects of the innovation infrastructure. Achieving the goals and missions of modern organizations is impossible without the development and use of management and methodological tools adapted to the realities of the global economy. The purpose of the subprocess of managing the economy of innovation is considered by briefly describing well-known economic indicators that characterize the effectiveness of innovative activity of economic systems. The parameters of the attributes of the innovation economics management subprocess were studied to form a key set of a conceptually categorical thesaurus. The problems (points of development) of the subprocess under consideration within the framework of activities in a specific organization are identified. The author's proposals have been developed to improve the state of the innovation economics management subprocess using the example of a specific organization. When implementing the proposed measures, there is an increase in all indicators (income, gross profit, net profit and cost of services). This can be explained by the fact that there will be a reduction in costs after the use of innovative resource-saving equipment and the implementation of the proposed methodological tools.
A METODOLOGIA ATIVA PEER INSTRUCTION: ORIGEM, APLICAÇÃO E OS BENEFÍCIOS PARA A PRÁTICA DOCENTE
Authors: Lima Michael Fernandes de , Araujo Camila Sabino de , Costa Vitória Régia Feitosa Gonçalves , Brum Yara Kirya
Published: July 2024

O contexto educacional contemporâneo desafia os professores a abandonarem suas zonas de conforto, demandando inovações em suas práticas pedagógicas para satisfazer um alunado cada vez mais exigente e imediatista. Neste panorama, as metodologias ativas emergem como instrumentos valiosos para auxiliar os educadores na tarefa de aprimorar a qualidade do ensino e, por conseguinte, atender às necessidades da nova geração de estudantes. Este estudo objetivou investigar a metodologia ativa Peer Instruction, analisando sua gênese, implementação e os benefícios que pode proporcionar à prática docente. Buscou-se compreender como essa estratégia pedagógica pode fomentar o desenvolvimento de competências críticas e colaborativas em contextos educativos, tanto presenciais quanto virtuais, e avaliar seus impactos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Para atingir os propósitos desta pesquisa teórica, optou-se por uma Revisão de Literatura, realizada através de um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema. Os resultados indicam que a metodologia Peer Instruction é de implementação pragmática, adaptável às realidades discentes, de custo acessível e promove resultados expressivos no binômio ensino-aprendizagem.
الأنساق التفسيرية في الخطابات القرآنية
Authors: خلف علي آمال ,   كلية الإمام الكاظم  للعلوم الإسلامية الجامعة
Published: July 2024

انمازت الخطابات القرآنية بأنها خطابات إرشادية شغلت المفسرين الساعين إلى الوقوف على مقاصد الخطاب في ضوء المناهج التفسيرية؛ لأن المرجعية المعرفية للمفسر تستدعي منه اتباع منهجاً يتلاءم مع الحمولات الدلالية للخطاب؛ لأن مقتضيات الخطاب ولوازمه هي الكاشفة والمقربة إلى مرادات الخطاب؛ لذا انتهج البحث (المنطق الاستدلالي) أي منطق فهم القرآن على أساس توليد وإيجاد (المقدمة الكبرى) التي تكون شاملة لأفرادها، وصادقة في عُرف المتخاطبين، وصولاً إلى (المقدمة الصغرى) ذات المفهوم المشكك من أجل الحصول على (النتيجة)، وهذا التدافع المعرفي على وفق (النسق التتابعي) ينتهجه المفسر من أجل تخصيص المفاهيم العامة، وتوليد المعارف من المجاهيل، وهذه العملية التوليدية التفسيرية، قامت على شكل أنساق على وفق مقتضيات وآليات شكلت المرجعيات الفكرية للأصول والمناهج التفسيرية. لذا اقتضى (النسق التتابعي) الكشف عن مجموعة من القواعد والحيثيات المعرفية التي انتهجها أهل التفسير في بيان مقاصد الشريعة، وبيان مراداتها
Grazing mortality as a controlling factor in the uncultured non-cyanobacterial diazotroph (Gamma A) around the Kuroshio region
Authors: Sato Takuya , Yamaguchi Tamaha , Hidataka Kiyotaka , Sogawa Sayaka , Setou Takashi , Kodama Taketoshi , Shiozaki Takuhei , Takahashi Kazutaka
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) significantly influence marine productivity by reducing nitrogen gas into bioavailable nitrogen. Recently, non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) have been identified as important contributors to marine nitrogen fixation. Among them, Gamma A is one of the best-studied marine NCDs because of its ubiquitous occurrence; however, the factors controlling its distribution remain unknown. In particular, the importance of microzooplankton grazing as a top-down control has not yet been examined. In this study, we investigated the diazotroph community structure using nifH amplicon sequencing, and quantified the growth and microzooplankton grazing rate on Gamma A using a combination of dilution experiments and quantitative PCR in well-lit waters at the northern edge of the Kuroshio Current off the southern coast of Japan. In the study region, Gamma A was ubiquitous and dominant in the diazotroph communities, whereas cyanobacterial diazotrophs had lower relative abundances. The microzooplankton grazing rate of Gamma A was significantly higher than that of the whole phytoplankton community and was generally balanced with its growth rate, suggesting efficient transfer of fixed nitrogen by Gamma A to higher trophic levels. Although the in situ growth rates of Gamma A did not show clear responses to nutrient amendments, Gamma A abundance had a significant negative relationship with microzooplankton grazing. This suggests that microzooplankton grazing, rather than nutrient concentration, plays a vital role in constraining Gamma A distribution in the Kuroshio region. Our findings highlight the importance of further in situ quantification of microzooplankton grazing rates to understand the distribution of diazotrophs and its associated nitrogen transfer into the food web.
Creep enhancement and sliding in a temperate, hard-bedded alpine glacier
Authors: Roldán-Blasco Juan-Pedro , Gilbert Adrien , Piard Luc , Gimbert Florent , Vincent Christian , Gagliardini Olivier , Togaibekov Anuar , Walpersdorf Andrea , Maier Nathan
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Glacier internal deformation is usually described by Glen's Law using two material parameters, the creep factor A and the flow law exponent n. However, the values of these parameters and their spatial and temporal variability are rather uncertain due to the difficulty of quantifying internal strain and stress fields at the natural scale. In this study, we combine 1-year long continuous measurements of borehole inclinometry and surface velocity with three-dimensional full Stokes ice flow modeling to infer ice rheology and sliding velocity in the ablation zone of the Argentière Glacier, a temperate glacier in the French Alps. We demonstrate that the observed deformation rate profile has limited sensitivity to the flow law exponent n and instead mainly reflects an increase in the creep factor A with depth, with A departing from its surface value by at least up to a factor of 2.5 below 160 m. We interpret this creep factor enhancement as an effect of increasing interstitial water content with depth from 0 % to 1.3 % which results in an average value of A = 148 MPa-3 a-1. We further observe that internal ice deformation exhibits seasonal variability similar to that in surface velocity, such that the local basal sliding velocity exhibits no significant seasonal variation. We suggest that these changes in deformation rate are due to variations in the stress field driven by contrasting changes in subglacial hydrology conditions between the side and the center of the glacier. Our study gives further evidence that borehole inclinometry combined with full-Stokes flow model allows constraining both ice rheology and basal friction at scales that cannot be inferred from surface velocity measurements alone.
Grounded Ridge Detection and Characterization along the Alaskan Arctic Coastline using ICESat-2 Surface Height Retrievals
Authors: Lange Kennedy A. , Bradley Alice C. , Duncan Kyle , Farrell Sinéad L.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Grounded sea ice ridges are an important morphological feature that stabilize shorefast ice along Arctic coastlines. Investigating the development of shorefast ice around Utqiaġvik, AK, we employ high-resolution altimetry data from NASA’s ICESat-2 satellite to describe an approach to identify grounded ridges and to track the development of shorefast ice over the winter season. We apply the University of Maryland Ridge Detection Algorithm (Duncan and Farrell, 2022) using ICESat-2 ATL03 elevation data to identify and calculate ridge sail heights and estimate ridge depths using empirical relationships based on first-year ice ridge geometries surveyed in the Beaufort, Chukchi, and Bering Seas. The estimated ridge depths are then compared with 15 arc-second resolution bathymetric data from the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) to detect likely grounded ridges. This approach for identifying and characterizing grounded ridges in shorefast ice is then applied across the entire Alaskan Arctic coastline in the 2021–2022 winter to characterize grounded ridge depth, height, width, number of ridges per track, and distance from shore. We find that distributions in ridge grounding depth skew towards shallower water and ridges are narrower and closer to shore on the Chukchi side of the Alaskan Arctic.  Mean grounding depths of 5.4 m in the Chukchi and 9.1m in the Beaufort are notably shallower than the traditional "stamuki" zone (≥10 m). With further application of the methods demonstrated here, we can begin to map patterns in shorefast ice stability, seasonality, and improve our understanding of near-shore ice dynamics across Arctic coastal regions in a changing climate.
THE ROLE OF EAEU LAW IN THE DECARBONIZATION OF ENERGY SYSTEMS OF THE MEMBER STATES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GREEN ECONOMY
Authors: Tolochko Olga Nikolaevna
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes current problems of improving the rules of law of the EAEU aimed at decarbonizing the energy systems of the member states. The research was carried out using general and special methods of scientific knowledge, including formal-logical, the method of comparative law, etc. It contains proposals for improving the norms of law of the EAEU and the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, in particular, the introduction to the Law of the Republic of Belarus “On Environmental Protection” of 1992 special article 57.1 “Carbon units and carbon market”. The author notes the positive experience of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the field of decarbonization of the economy and concludes that it is advisable to use it in the Republic of Belarus and throughout the EAEU. The expediency of increasing the efficiency of the EAEU integration law is emphasized, including by consolidating the international obligations of the member states in the form of quantitative targets for the introduction of renewable energy sources and for ensuring access to common electrical networks. It is also proposed to establish obligations for Member States to adopt and implement energy efficiency plans, setting targets and reporting on their implementation. According to the author, in order to ensure the implementation of these measures, it is necessary to consolidate decarbonization, the development of renewable energy and increasing energy efficiency as the goals of the EAEU in the Treaty on the EAEU or in a special Appendix to it. The results of the study can be applied in the legislative and law enforcement practice of the EAEU, the Republic of Belarus and other member states of the EAEU.
MONITORING LEGISLATION IN THE FIELD OF ASSET RECOVERY
Authors: Kaliakperova Elena Nikolaevna
Published: July 2024

The author examined the legislation of foreign countries on the return to the state of illegally acquired and withdrawn assets, as well as methods for their return in a variety of situations, especially when criminal confiscation is impossible or cannot be applied. The Act of the Republic of Kazakhstan «On the return of illegally acquired assets to the state» (hereinafter referred to as the Act), adopted on July 12, 2023, and legal instruments for the return of these assets, including assets abroad, are analyzed. The Act in general is generally characterized by a subjective, purely evaluative approach to whether a particular asset can be classified as illegally acquired, whether it is subject to seizure or not. This is indicated by the use of such phrases as «reasonable doubts», «presumed presence in property, use, possession». The danger of this approach lies in the lack of clear legal criteria, which creates the threat of abuse by officials and law enforcement agencies. The lack of legal criteria creates limitless eventual possibilities for raiding. It should be noted that due to the vastness of the topic under study, the author was not able to consider in one publication all the norms that contradict current high-level legislative acts (including constitutional laws and codes), including the subsequent effect on the national legal system of Kazakhstan from the operation of such a Act.
THE FORM OF GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF CONSTITUTIONAL AND DEMOCRATIC REFORMS
Authors: Ablaeva Elvira Bekbolatovna , Mukhtarova Samal Malikovna , Narbinova Mirgul Maidanovna , Sautbayeva Saltanat Bakytzhanovna , Utanov Mukhtarkhan Aidarkhanovich
Published: July 2024

The work is devoted to the study of the forms of government established in Kazakhstan since the day it gained state independence and to this day. The topic is given relevance by the political process of democratic transition of power successfully implemented in 2019, as well as the current transition to a new “human-centric” model of public administration. The facts from the history that led to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the emergence of new republics are given. The destruction of interethnic and interethnic harmony, the aggravation of relations between the union republics and the central government are designated as negative aspects. At the same time, the right of the peoples to self-determination and the right of the union republics to freely secede from the Soviet Union are positive. The features of the super-presidential model of government, to which Kazakhstan moved in a difficult period of time, are characterized. The positive aspects of the super-presidential form of government are noted, the uniqueness and originality of which, in the opinion of the authors, should not be in doubt. The history of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which begins in the 90s, clearly shows that the chosen model of government has exceeded all expectations. The factors influencing the formation of forms of government, the subtle flexibility of the Kazakh model of government, prone to transformations, are identified. Attention is paid to the latest changes made to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020, which in general terms are similar to the constitutional reforms in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2017. Attention is paid to the latest changes made to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020, which in general terms are similar to the constitutional reforms in the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2017. In conclusion, the prospects for a change in the form of government in Kazakhstan are outlined, which are inevitable in the context of constitutional reforms carried out in all spheres of life.
A Legal Consequences of the Passing Off Practice of the MS GLOW Brand by the PSTORE GLOW Brand
Authors: Wibowo Rezqiyan Bagus
Published: July 2024

Intellectual Property Rights are essentially rights with special and special characteristics because these rights are granted by the State. A brand as an Intellectual Property Right is basically a sign to identify the origin of goods and services from a company with the goods and/or services of another company. One of the cases regarding Passing Off occurred in the Commercial Court Decision at the Medan District Court Number 2/Pdt.Sus-HKI/Merek/2022/PN Niaga Mdn. It started when Shandy Purnamasari filed a trademark cancellation lawsuit against PT PSTORE Glow Bersinar Indonesia. This lawsuit is based on the similarity of the brands "PSTORE GLOW" and "PSTORE GLOW FOR MEN" owned by Putra Siregar with the brands "MS GLOW/for pretty skincare & LOGO" and "MS GLOW FOR MEN" owned by Sandy Purnamasari. Shandy considers that PSTORE Glow Bersinar Indonesia has imitated his brand. The main problem in this research is what the legal consequences are for the practice of passing off the MS GLOW brand by the PSTORE GLOW brand. The research method used in this research is normative juridical with a case approach and a statutory approach. The research results show that as a legal consequence of the practice of passing off, the PSTORE Glow Brand and its derivatives can no longer be used, and the registration is considered invalid. Apart from the deletion of the PSTORE Glow brand, MS Glow can also file a criminal complaint in accordance with the provisions as intended in article 100 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of the Trademark and Geographical Indications Law and if PSTORE Glow is still selling its products after the decision to cancel the brand.
Penerapan PSAK No. 28 Atas Kerusakan dan Kehilangan Barang Titipan pada PT Jalur Nugraha Eka Kurir Cabang Utama Ternate
Authors: Wael Nurhasina , Samiun Aspiati A. , Hadilia Naswan , Zakaria Burhan
Published: July 2024

Dewasa ini industri asuransi khususnya asuransi kerugian semakin berkembang sejalan dengan perkembangan dunia usaha dan peningkatan kemampuan ekonomi masyarakat. Asuransi dianggap penting. Sebagai satu cara untuk meminimalisir resiko kerugian yang mungkin terjadi di PT. JNE Cabang Utama Ternate. PT. JNE Cabang Utama Ternate adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang penjualan jasa pengiriman, pendapatan utama pada perusahaan JNE berasal dari penjualan jasa pengiriman dan premi asuransi sedangkan beban utamanya berasal dari beban klaim/biaya klaim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis penerapan PSAK No.28 atas kerusakan dan kehilangan barang titipan pada perusahaan JNE Cabang Utama Ternate. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Dan teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi dan wawancara. Bedasarkan Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pada PT. JNE Cabang Utama Ternate sudah menerapkan PSAK No.28 yaitu (1) Pada Perusahaan JNE sudah menerapkan PSAK No.28 agar sebagai perlindungan asuransi untuk constumer. (2) Pengakuan pendapatan dan beban klaim pada Perusahaan JNE Cabang Utama Ternate sudah menganut dasar akrual dan sudah sesuai dengan PSAK No.28. (3) Pengukuran dan pengakuan beban klaim pada perusahaan JNE sudah menganut dasar akrual dan sesuai PSAK No.28. (4) Penyajian laporan keuangan pada perusahaan JNE juga sudah sesuai PSAK No.28. (5) Pengungkapan pada Perusahaan JNE belum sesuai PSAK No.28 karena perusahaan tidak menyajikan akun premi yang belum merupakan pendapatan.
Early approach for the iatrogenic vesico-vaginal fistula repair: a video case report
Authors: Afonina M , Waligora Lages S , Liori A , Botchorishvili R
Published: July 2024

Background: Vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF) is a rare but debilitating condition, characterised by an abnormal connection between the bladder and vagina. While obstetric-related cases prevail in developing countries, iatrogenic fistulas are more common in industrialised ones, often resulting from pelvic surgeries.

Objectives: The optimal timing for surgical correction of VVF remains debated, often leaning towards delayed intervention. Here we report a successful early laparoscopic repair of an iatrogenic VVF following hysterectomy.

Materials and Methods: The patient, a 54-year-old woman, presented with VVF after a hysterectomy. The laparoscopic repair was performed promptly upon diagnosis.

Main outcome measures: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of an early repair of a gynaecological-related VVF.

Results: First, cystoscopy identified the bladder edge of the VVF. Second, laparoscopy was performed and the vesico-vaginal dissection was carried out. The excision of the previous stitches and of the fibrotic tissue was undertaken to create free flaps for suturing. The bladder was repaired in a double layer, and a single layer was applied to the vagina. Finally, the omentoplasty was done. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 5. No complications occurred.

Conclusions: This successful case demonstrates the feasibility and safety of early laparoscopic repair for gynaecological surgery-related vesico-vaginal fistulae. While acknowledging the need for further studies to standardise techniques, this report contributes to the evolving understanding of optimal management for this complex condition.