bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaverse in Architecture: An Approach to Documenting and Exploring the Egyptian Heritage Through Metaverse
Authors: Khaled Al-Tabeeb Ashraqat , Ahmed Al-Desouqi Abeer
Published: September 2023

Architecture has significantly relied on expansive visualization tools that have developed throughout the years, starting from preliminary drawings and manual rendering to three-dimensional (3D) presentation and digitalized modeling, 3D printing, and laser cutting. With the latest internet revolution, Web 3.0, being introduced and evolved, architects are now acquainted with the metaverse as the revolutionary movement, allowing a cyber teleport from visual presentations to virtual experiences through cyberspace. This research's vision is presented scientifically by giving users the ability to walk through Egypt's historical timeline in the metaverse through virtual portals, discovering the Egyptian heritage in built-in chronological order, starting with the Pharaonic, Greek, Roman, Coptic, and Byzantine eras, then passing through the Abbasid and Mamluk eras, till reaching the foreign attacks and the Ottoman era. It proposes the idea of the aforementioned journey to virtually document and explore the abandoned, ruined, and lost Egyptian heritage to enhance the community's real-life economy and work growth. An analytical study is conducted to identify the architectural challenges by analyzing local and international case studies: Tutera and Liberland. Hence, comparing the results of both case studies will expand architecture's competency in the metaverse. Subsequently, this study is using the artificial intelligence (AI) platform Midjourney to visualize and utilize the immersive experience of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) systems, in addition to merging the holographic elements with the physical architectural elements to achieve the optimum user experience. Finally, this research will explore how architecture plays a major role in designing the metaverse, investigate the plausibility of the tools above, and suggest guidelines for the establishment of the proposed strategy to retrieve the Egyptian heritage virtually, which will benefit both Egypt's socio-economical aspect and interested individuals from all around the world. Hence, implementing the eighth sustainable development goal (SDG), "Decent Work and Economic Growth", resulted in broadening the architecture scope in the metaverse.
Making Sense of the Delivery of Non-Academic Student Support Services at Kyambogo University
Authors: Nakimuli Agnes
Published: September 2023

The study explored how staff make sense of the delivery of non-academic student support services at Kyambogo University. Acquiring this deeper understanding was crucial because when staff make sense of their work, they are able to contribute to the fulfilment of the university’s objectives and are more driven to work for the good of others. When they see how their effort is having an impact and value on students, it also enables them to feel satisfied with their work. The study was based on semi-structured interviews with 11 staff who deliver non-academic student support services at Kyambogo University. The findings showed that staff made sense of their work when it benefited others than themselves. When the delivery of the services contributed to the creation of meaning, and when it resulted in their personal satisfaction, they were motivated to work more effectively and efficiently in order to support the success of all university stakeholders. The paper recommends that since the staff’s work aims to serve others’ needs and aspirations, management at Kyambogo University should provide assistance to staff in order to preserve the spirit of service by fostering a culture of trust and a safe psychological environment that motivates staff and secure their involvement, commitment, and dedication. Further, the delivery of the services leads to staff satisfaction when it satisfies the beneficiaries; hence, management should assist staff in achieving personal satisfaction since it motivates them to work by facilitating them in the form of workshops and conferences in order to build their capacity in the field
Role of Voter Education and Performance of Electoral Management Body: A Case of Independent Electoral and Boundary Commission Kenya
Authors: Malamba Sellah , Tarus Benjamin , Wanza Lucy
Published: September 2023

This paper focuses on the role of voter education on performance of electoral management body. The study is undertaken at Independent Electoral and Boundary Commission (IEBC) Kenya. The study was grounded on civic engagement theory. The study was a descriptive research design investigation. The target population involved 772 commission officers with a sample size of 264 based on the Cochran formula. The IEBC officers were selected through use of stratified random sampling technique. The data collection tools were the questionnaire and interview schedule. Data collected from the field was analysed using qualitative and inferential statistics. Qualitative data analysis involved categorising responses from interviews and open-ended questions into themes and sub themes while inferential statistics was analysed using the Regression Model to test the hypothesis. The study found out that one of the pre-electoral strategies that IEBC focused on was voter education to the members of the public on regular occasion. The respondents indicated that the EMB conducted regular mobilisation campaigns jointly with other stakeholders to inform members of the public on matters relating to commission mandate in elections and boundary delimitations. Correlation statistics revealed existence of significant positive effect of pre-electoral voter education strategy and IEBC Kenya performance. It was concluded that voter education strategy played a significant role in predicting IEBC performance in Kenya. The study recommends that voter education needs to be done on continuous basis rather than waiting one year to the general election by regularly seeking funds support from government and non-government sources to support voter education
Uji efektivitas Sirih Cina sebagai agen immunomodulator secara flowcytometry dengan indikator sel Nk dan sel Makrofag
Authors: Faizah Rosyidatul , Irsyad Ilhafa Rijalul , Aina Balqis
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar senyawa flavonoid yang ada dalam sirih cina serta menguji efektivitas sirih cina sebagai imunomodulator. Penelitian diawali dengan melakukan ekstraksi pada sirih cina dengan metode maserasi sederhana. Sirih cina akan direndam dengan cairan ethanol lalu di ekstrak dengan bantuan alat rotary evaporator. Ekstrak sirih cina nantinya akan diberikan kepada mencit yang telah disuntikkan virus influenza. Analisis flowcytometry dilakukan pada kontrol sehat, pasca penyuntikan virus dan pasca pemberian ekstrak sirih cina. Hasil analisis flowcitometry menunjukkan bahwa sel NK terbesar terdapat pada kolon dengan rata-rata 16,8% pada control sehat menjadi 30,6%. Selain itu, pada makrofag juga mengalami hal yang serupa tetapi dengan organ yang berbeda yaitu pada hati dengan rata-rata 13,7% menjadi 30,5%. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sel pada mencit mengalami peningkatan akibat adanya aktivitas flavonoid pada sirih cina sehingga peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa tanaman sirih cina dapat menjadi alternatif lain untuk meningkatkan immunomodulator tubuh manusia terutama pada penderita pasca covid.
Miporpe: Inovasi mie kering tepung porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) dan tempe (Rhizopus oligosporus) sebagai stabilisator kadar glukosa darah dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat
Authors: Andinia Restu Dewi , Fatimah Salwa Syahrul , Nirmala Rista Eva
Published: September 2023

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit yang sering dialami masyarakat karena pola makan yang tidak sehat. Sehingga diperlukan strategi dalam memperlambat progresifitas diabetes melitus, salah satunya adalah inovasi mie kering tepung porang dan tempe yang memiliki kandungan gizi tinggi. Tujuan penelitian:1) untuk mengetahui kandungan kimia pada tepung porang dan tempe dalam MIPORPE;2) untuk mengkaji pengaruh senyawa kimia pada MIPORPE sebagai pangan ideal dalam menstabilisasi kadar glukosa darah;3) untuk menganalisis preferensi masyarakat terhadap MIPORPE;4) untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan inovasi MIPORPE dalam upaya peningkatan pendapatan masyarakat. Waktu penelitian dilakukan selama dua bulan menggunakan empat perlakuan yaitu KN dengan pemberian mie tepung terigu, KP dengan pemberian mie jagung, P1 dengan pemberian mie tepung terigu, tepung porang, dan tepung tempe perbandingan 10%:80%:10%, dan P2 dengan perbandingan 10%:75%:15%. Sampel penelitian menggunakan tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap). Jumlah seluruh sampel adalah 12 ekor yang gula darahnya telah dinaikkan menggunakan makanan manis. Pengambilan sampel darah tikus menggunakan Glukosa Darah Puasa (GDP). Prosedur penelitian dimulai dari persiapan alat, bahan hingga uji organoleptik.
Hasil penelitian:1) kandungan karbohidrat pada tepung porang sebesar 45,7%; protein 7,3%; serat 4,7%; glukomanan 60,1%. Adapun tepung tempe memiliki karbohidrat 8,5%; protein 18,3%; serat 1,5%. Setelah diolah menjadi mie kering kandungan nutrisinya berubah, karbohidrat 51,1%; protein 26,5%; serat 18,2%;glukomanan 55,6%. Sedangkan mie setelah dimasak kandungan nutrisinya menjadi karbohidrat 52,4%;protein 25,2%;serat 16,5%;glukomanan 50,5%; 2) Rata-rata penurunan kadar glukosa darah sampel pada KN sebesar 4,8 mg/dl; P1 7,7 mg/dl; P2 11,1 mg/dl; KP 6,7 mg/dl.; 3) tingkat preferensi dilakukan dengan uji organoleptik terhadap 20 panelis. Didapatkan hasil bahwa MIPORPE memiliki rasa sangat enak, tampilan sangat menarik, dan tekstur kenyal.; 4) Harga jual MIPORPE terjangkau yaitu Rp4.000/kemasan. Dalam 1 kali produksi menghasilkan 100 kemasan MIPORPE, dan modal kembali setelah 17 kali produksi. Produk MIPORPE juga akan diperjualbelikan pada event tertentu seperti bazar, car free day, serta melayani pembelian produk secara langsung ke owner MIPORPE ataupun sistem antar ke rumah konsumen. Media promosi yang digunakan yaitu baliho, pamflet, dan brosur, serta Instagram, Whatsapp, Facebook, dan Twitter. Pendistribusian ke konsumen dimulai dari pemesanan produk, dengan sistem Sistem Retell Mandiri, Sistem Retell Temporer, dan Sistem Delivery Order. MIPORPE dikemas dalam paper bowl, dengan netto 100 gram.
Wujud Partisipasi Masyarakat Suku Dayak Ma’anyan Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Di SMA
Authors: Eshariyani
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan keikutsertaan orang tua dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan sekolah dasar dilihat dari substansi dan manajemen sekolah. Ini adalah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah komparatif yang melibatkan SMAN-1 benua Lima di Kabupaten Barito Timur, Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia. Pilihan pada sekolah yang diteliti didasarkan pada rekomendasi dari kantor pendidikan berkaitan dengan wujud  Partisipasi Masyarakat suku Dayak Ma’anyan di Barito Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumen. Analisis data melalui empat tahapan yaitu kondensasi data,  mode data, dan memverifikasi kesipulan. Hasil analisis data menemukan bahwa wujud  partisipasi masyarakat  suku Dayak Ma’anyan  dalam  penyelenggaraan  pendidikan SMA. Pertama: Kesediaan orang tua mengawasi perkembangan pribadi dan proses belajar belajar di rumah, memberi fasilitas kepada anak, dan sebagai pengawas, mengevaluasi, program sekolah; kedua, Krisis kepercayaan pengunaan dana; Ketiga: Adanya  buah pikiran atau nasehat dari orang tua, tokoh-tokoh agama dan tokoh adat.
Torque Minimization of Dynamically Decoupled 3R Spatial Serial Manipulators via Optimal Motion Generation
Authors: Lu Yaodong , Arakelian Vigen
Published: September 2023

This paper proposes an analytically tractable solution for minimizing input torques in decoupled three-degrees-of-freedom spatial serial manipulators. The solution relies on the generation of motion using a «bang-bang» profile. The problem is solved in two stages. Firstly, the dynamic decoupling of the manipulator is accomplished through the redistribution of the moving masses and the relocation of one of the actuators. This leads to the decoupling of the equations of motion for different degrees of mobility. It is worth mentioning that this solution represents a symbiosis of two distinct approaches: the redistribution of link masses and the relocation of one of the manipulator actuators. This innovative approach to dynamic decoupling has not been previously proposed. At the second stage, the input torques of the actuators are reduced by generating motion profiles for the manipulator's links using the «bang-bang» law. Thus, thanks to the developed methodology, it becomes possible to reduce the energy consumption of high-speed manipulators by choosing the optimal planned motion of their links. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, numerical simulations are carried out using the ADAMS software. A comparative analysis of the trajectories generated by the fifth-order polynomial profile, widely used in industrial robots, and the «bang-bang» profile has been performed. The simulation results show act, the use of the «bang-bang» profile allows one to reduce the maximum values of the input torques. The developed technique allows designers to create high-speed manipulators featuring decoupled dynamics and diminished energy consumption.
Isolation and elucidation of antibacterial compounds from roots and stems of Synadenium glaucescens Pax
Authors: Rwegoshora Frank , Msengwa Zaituni , Mabiki Faith , Machumi Francis , Chacha Musa , Styrishave Bjarne , Cornett Claus
Published: September 2023

Extracts of Synadenium glaucescens Pax are reported to contain biologically active compounds against bacterial and viral infections. This study aimed at isolating pure compounds from its bioactive extracts as well as evaluating their antibacterial efficacy. A phytochemical investigation of the root and stem barks involved total maceration in methanol (MeOH). The root barks extract was then partitioned by Vacuum Liquid Chromatography (VLC) in a solvent gradient system to afford three fractions of Hexane (Hex), Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and finally MeOH for the least, moderate, and most polar compounds respectively. The MeOH extract of stem barks was also partitioned in the same way by using two solvents: dichloromethane (DCM) and MeOH. All fractions were finally dried on a rotary evaporator at < 60 OC of the water bath. Isolation of pure compound from the EtOAc and DCM led to isolation of four compounds namely, hexacosane (G1), β-sitosterol (G2), octacosyl ferulate (G3) and hexacosanoic acid (G4). Their structures were analyzed and confirmed through NMR, GC-MS and in comparison, with literature. Antibacterial assay for G1, G3 and G4 against P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, and E. faecalis was achieved by broth serial microdilution. Compounds, G3 demonstrated strong activity against S. aureus (MIC = 0.125 mg/mL) and weak activity against the rest strains (MIC = 2 mg/ mL). Also, the test results indicated G1 had weak activity against all tested strains (MIC = 2 mg/mL or above). While G4 demonstrated a moderate activity (1.0 mg/mL) against E. coli, S. aureus, E. faecalis and weak against P. aeruginosa (MIC > 2 mg/mL). These findings support traditional use and promise for antibacterial drug agents from S. glaucescens Pax.
Deploying Zero-energy Technologies to Reduce PHL of Horticulture crops for improving Farmers’ Economic Welfare in Tanzania
Authors: KAMUGISHA PROSCOVIA
Published: September 2023

Tanzanian Fruits and Vegetables (F&V) industry employs more than 4.5 million people whose 70% are women and grew at 11% annually in the last decade.  Despite the vital role played by F&V industry, the sub-sector experiences huge Post-Harvest Losses (PHL) accounting for up to 60% of the total produce. These losses threaten sustainability of the production, enlarge Food & nutrition insecurity concerns, deprive economic use of the produced crops, increase prices of crops and reduce amounts of consumer expenditure to reach farmers. This paper employed semi-systematic approach and content analysis to unveil potentials of using Zero Energy technologies to lessen PHL in Tanzania’s F&V industry. Search queries namely; ‘postharvest losses (PHL) management, Tanzania Fruits and Vegetables and Zero Energy technologies’ were used to solicit literature from reliable bibliographic databases including Google scholar, JUSTOR and Science Direct. Results showed that a number of practices and technologies to handle F&V including manual harvesting, non-refrigerated transport modes; and traditional storage facilities such as bamboo baskets, plant leaves % open spaces under the shade.  Deploying usage of ZECC to address PHL of F&V would lower food losses amounted to 2,093,583tons of fruits and 587,569 tons of vegetables per annum whose value amounts to 4.6 trillion and 1.4 trillion Tanzanian shillings respectively. The value of PHL for both fruits and vegetables (six trillion) were enough to pay annual public servants’ salaries or the government annual debt by 87% in 2021/2022. Moreover, the spreading effect would enhance food and nutrition security, improve affordability of F&V to consumers and raise farmers’ income. Indeed, reduction of PHL in the F&V industry will lead to economic empowerment of women involved in the F&V sub sector.
Unlocking the economic potential of Hyphaene species known as mikoche in Tanzania
Authors: Ahmed Amina , Magoha Happy , Fweja Leonard
Published: September 2023

Hyphaene, commonly referred to as mkoche (Plural Mikoche) and in Swahili, is a species belonging to the Palmae (Arecaceae) family and is found in various parts of Africa, including Maputaland coastal plains in southern Mozambique, Turkana, Samburu, and Marsabit in Kenya, and the coastal regions of Tanzania and Kenya. Despite its widespread presence and resistance to climate change, the economic potential of mikoche in Tanzania has yet to be fully unlocked. Therefore, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify the various uses of the Hyphaene tree globally, which could further be fully exploited within Tanzania. The findings revealed that the fruit of the Hyphaene tree is a good source of fibre, antioxidants, B-complex vitamins, essential minerals, monosaccharides, essential oil, and flavonoids, which are important compounds for human nutrition and health. In addition, H. coriacea produces edible nuts and palm wine in Maputaland coastal plains in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and H. coriacea is known to produce edible oil from its nuts. Furthermore, the tree is used as a construction material for shelter, and its leaves are used to make woven products such as baskets, mats, and hats due to their strength and fibre length. Therefore, with favourable conditions for mikoche growth in Tanzania, particularly in the coastal regions, mikoche can contribute to the economy by using its various parts to produce food and non-food products. However, further research is required to understand the diversity of uses, consumption constraints, and opportunities for mikoche as a natural resource in Tanzania.
Effect of tillage and weed control practices on weed density, cassava growth and yield at Mkuranga district, Tanzania
Authors: Leonard Joseph , Kudra Abdul , Tryphone George
Published: September 2023

Poor and improper weeding in cassava production has been reported to cause cassava yield losses ranging from 40% to 90%. A study was carried out in 2019/2020 planting season at Kiimbwanindi village, Mkuranga, Tanzania to identify common weeds available in the selected cassava field and then the effect of different integrated weed control options was studied. Till only and till + Ridge, pre-emergence herbicides (Primagram Gold a.i 290 g/L S-metolachlor + 370 g/L atrazine and Oxfen a.i Oxyfluorfen 24% EC), post emergence herbicides (Force up a.i 480 g/L of Glyphosate-Isopropylamine salt) and back pack weeder with modified tines were tested on Cassava variety Kiroba in a factorial experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times. Data on weed species, weed density, cassava height, girth and fresh root yield and soil were collected. By using Thomas methodology, perennial weeds Cyperus rotundus, Reissantia sp, Mucuna pruriens and Commelina benghalensis found to be the mostly and abundantly occurred weed species. The combination of tillage practices and pre-emergence herbicides application increased number of days’ weeds took to reemerge. The integrated weed control options significantly affected cassava fresh root weight and biomass, p = 0.019 and p = 0.026, respectively. The correlation analysis showed a non-significant positive relationship between cassava stem height and cassava fresh root weight (r = 0.389, p > 0.05), and cassava stem girth and cassava fresh root weight (r = 0.055, p > 0.05). The study concluded that, the combination of till + ridges, application of pre-emergence herbicide (S-metolachlor + atrazine) and post emergence herbicides (glyphosate) can effectively control weeds and provided favorable environment for cassava growth and root formation as compared to other treatment options.
Occurrence of the entomopathogenic Fungi of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in selected areas of Tanzania
Authors: Nkuwi Emmanuel Itambu , RWEGASIRA GRATION , CHILAGANE LUSEKO
Published: September 2023

Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a highly destructive pest that affects major food and cash crops in Sub-Saharan Africa. Maize, in particular, is a preferred host for this pest, posing a significant threat to food security. Initially, conventional synthetic pesticides were widely used to combat the pest. However, the potential of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) as cost-effective and safe alternative has been recognized. The objective of this study was to collect and identify the local EPF species in selected areas of Tanzania's mainland, namely Mwanza, Morogoro, Coast, and Songwe regions. Morphological and molecular methods were employed to identify the fungal species recovered from 100 S. frugiperda cadavers. The findings revealed that 90% of the recovered fungi belonged to the genera of Fusarium while the remaining 10% were Clonostachys. These results suggest that Fusarium species hold promise as effective bio-control agents against S. frugiperda due to their wide distribution and tolerance to field disturbances. However, additional studies are necessary to validate the effectiveness of these recovered fungi against S. frugiperda.
In-Vitro Efficacy of Botanical extracts for the Management of Aspergillus flavus growth in Tanzania
Authors: Manyama Dickson Thomas , Madege Richard , Massomo Said
Published: September 2023

Maize is one of the most important food and commercial crops in Tanzania but is vulnerable to pre-and postharvest contamination with aflatoxins produced mostly by Aspergillus flavus. This study evaluated the in-vitro antifungal efficacy of five locally available botanicals (Azadirachta indica, Calotropis procera, Euphorbia hirta, Jatropha curcas, and Ricinus communis) against the growth of A. flavus. The botanical leaves were collected mainly from the Kongwa district, while strains of Aspergillus species were isolated from maize grain from Kongwa and Morogoro rural districts during the cropping season 2021/2022. The effect of botanicals on the radial mycelium growth of A. flavus was tested at concentrations of 0.2 0.25, 0.3, and 0.35 g/mL. The inhibitory effect was proportional to the concentration of botanicals. The highest radial growth inhibition of A. flavus was exhibited by extracts of J. curcas (69.7%), R. communis (62.8%), A. indica (61.8%), and E. hirta (52.4%). The least mean inhibition was found in C. procera (45.7%) at a concentration of 0.35 g/ml. The antifungal effect of botanicals demonstrated in this study warrants further evaluation for pre-harvest management of Aspergillus species contamination under field conditions.
A Hub of Food Amid of Nutrition Insecurities: Exploring Food and Nutrition Situations in Rural Areas of Tanzania
Authors: Mbwana Hadijah , Bundala Nyamizi
Published: September 2023

A cross sectional study was conducted and involved 351 households from two regions where participants were mother/caregiver-child pairs. This paper discloses the challenges and opportunities of food and nutrition situations in the areas using lessons from Morogoro and Dodoma regions, Tanzania. Data were collected through an inventory food production questionnaire, focus group discussions, observation and documentation on preparation, cooking and consumption practices. The study revealed several opportunities regarding food and nutrition situations including; availability of arable land for cultivation of diverse crops, ownership of arable land by 75% of study population, and diverse crop production, where about 80% of households cultivate 2-3 food crops. In addition, existence of manpower for agriculture production was evidenced by household composition of more than 3 adults capable of participating in agriculture production. Seasonal availability of fresh produce such as fruits and vegetables was also among the opportunities noted. Despite the documented opportunities, 82% of households participated in subsistence farming and depended on rain fed agriculture, this led to low productivity per acre and seasonal scarcity of foods. Poor nutrition status of children and women coupled by frequent illnesses was noted. Prevalence of stunting was 40.5% and underweight was 14.5%, prevalence of overweight for women was also high in the villages. Furthermore, limited skills on food preparations and sub-optimal dietary practices such as low dietary diversity, low consumption of fruits and animal source foods prevailed in the areas. The importance of addressing the challenges is highlighted including promoting diversified and sustainable agriculture by educating farmers on the importance of producing, consuming and sustaining diversified diets. Also, increasing nutrition awareness on the importance of good nutrition for economic development and productive life.
Knowledge and Perceptions on Overweight and Obesity among Adults in Same District, Tanzania
Authors: Massawe Emanuela Selestine , Msollo Safiness Simon
Published: September 2023

Overweight and obesity are nutritional problems requiring great attention in both developed and developing countries where nutrition knowledge is confined to few people allied with health sectors. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge and perception about overweight and obesity among 362 adults aged 25-55 years in Same District, Kilimanjaro Region. This age group comprises active people at higher risk of non-communicable diseases, and much of the effects may not be due to aging.  A structured questionnaire was administered through a face-to-face interview to obtain demographic characteristics, nutrition knowledge and perception about overweight and obesity. Standard WHO Anthropometric procedure of weight and height measurement was used to obtain Body Mass Index (BMI) which was categorized as normal (18.5-24.9kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9kg/m2) and obesity (≥30 kg/m2). A high prevalence of overweight (23%) and obesity (17%) was observed among adults. Women were more overweight (28%) and obese (23%) as compared to men (14%) and (6%) respectively. About 80% perceived their body weight as being normal but in reality, only 51% were confirmed to be normal. Also, 22% of overweight respondents perceived their body weight as normal and 10.5% of obese people perceived their BMI as being overweight. Nevertheless, 60% perceived an obese person as healthy and rich and 26% perceived a thin person as poor and unhealthy because they associated thinness with illness such as HIV/AIDS. Obesity was significantly related to income, sex, parity of the mother, education levels, perception and employment status at P<0.005. The high prevalence of overweight and obesity, lack of nutrition knowledge and poor perception about body weight may increase the risks of developing non-communicable diseases. Hence, these findings will assist health-related stakeholders to design appropriate interventions to reduce the problems.
Efficiency of place-based innovated briquettes making technologies for sustainable cooking energy in Tanzania
Authors: Mwamlima Petro , Chacha Nyangi , Mwitalemi Samson , Joachim Kasian , Prosperous Frank
Published: September 2023

Globally, more than 2.8 billion people don’t have access to electricity. Whereas about 550 million of them live in Africa. Hence, they opt to go for cheaply available sources like charcoal and firewood for their cooking and heating purposes in their daily domestic and industrial applications. More than 80% of sub-Saharan Africans and 90% of East Africans rely on biomass energy for their domestic and industrial heating purposes. In Tanzania, more than 85% of the population depends on wood-based energy for cooking. This dependency is directly linked to climate change as it promotes deforestation and has the potential to lead to desertification. Currently, a focus is on the use of renewable energies, especially recycled bio-waste (bio-briquettes) as an alternative to charcoal and firewood. Both government and private institutions have initiated and taken the lead in making sure that the effort is of high value; however, the available briquette-making machines are expensive, complex to use, and demand electricity which adds more costs to production, hence making the briquette production a non-economic business adventure within Tanzania. In addressing the problems, this study aimed at conducting an inventory study in order to come up with place-based briquette technologies suiting youth and female unemployed groups. A human-centered design concept was used in inventing two briquetting machines. One uses screw pressing mode (Peyam Screw Press), while the other one uses a hydraulic jerk system (the Briquetter). The machines were tested for; Type Test (compression method), user friendliness (gender sensitiveness approach), and acceptability (market validation method). Results revealed that the machines produce briquettes of high quality that passed both the Impact Resistance Index (IRI) and Water Absorption Resistance (WAR) tests at a threshold of >50%. Moreover, they offer reliable production and have passed social acceptability tests, hence they should be considered for adaptation.
Citation Impact of Institutional Repositories in Selected Higher Learning Institutions in Tanzania
Authors: Msoffe Grace , Buhomoli Obadia Shadrack
Published: September 2023

Institutional Repositories (IRs) development in Tanzania has made publications readily available, accessible, and retrievable. IRs have increased the visibility of researchers and institutions and have contributed to the University ranking. Several Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) in Tanzania have developed their IRs hosting institutional publications. This study assessed the citation impact of IR contents of selected Tanzanian HLIs. The study evaluated the citation impact of IR contents using publications indexed in the Scopus database. Four HLIs were purposively selected. The search within reference advanced feature for the Scopus database was conducted. The publications indexed in Scopus citing the selected IR contents from 2018 to 2022 were identified and extracted. Data analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The study findings indicated that the Tanzanian IR contents had a low citation impact. The study recommends that Tanzanian HLIs devise strategies for increasing IR content visibility. The strategies may include registering the IRs in online platforms and ensuring the Handle System is implemented to improve the accessibility of the IR content. Furthermore, the HLIs should create awareness of research visibility, enabling researchers to publish and increase their visibility.
EFEKTIVITAS PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN SAMBAS NOMOR 4 TAHUN 2020 TENTANG PENYELENGGARAAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK DI DESA PANCUR KABUPATEN SAMBAS
Authors: Delhandi
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Sambas Regency Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Public Services, and what influences public services by the village government. As a public service agency for the general public, the Pancur village office has a major problem in the services provided which are not in accordance with community expectations, one of the problems is the responsiveness of employees in serving the community. Therefore the village office is required to maintain the trust and satisfaction of the community by improving the quality of its services. empirical juridical research method, namely analyzing Regional Regulations, in this case Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Public Services, as well as examining the implementation of public services by the village government in Pancur Village, Tangaran District, whether it is in accordance with Sambas Regency Regional Regulation NO. 4 concerning the Implementation of Public Services. To obtain data, researchers used observation and interview guidelines in Pancur Village, Tangaran District, Sambas Regency. In the Implementation of Public Services in Pancur Village, Tangaran District, Sambas Regency, according to Sambas Regency Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Public Services, the village government apparatus has not yet implemented it properly. This is due to the limited knowledge of the village apparatus regarding the administration of public services to the community, so that the services provided do not meet the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) to achieve the objectives to be carried out.
PERAN STEM CELL PADA GLAUKOMA
Authors: Ernawati Titiek , Komaratih Evelyn , Khudrati Wilson Christianto , Hendrawan Kevin Anggakusuma , Gunawan Alyssa Claudia Valerie , Rachman Maria Jessica
Published: September 2023

Stem cell telah menarik minat yang cukup besar dalam beberapa dekade terakhir mengingat merupakan suatu metode terapeutik baru. Glaukoma adalah salah satu penyebab utama kehilangan penglihatan dan kebutaan total di dunia saat ini terutama di negara-negara Afrika dan Barat yang mempengaruhi lebih dari 60 juta orang. Peningkatan Tekanan intraokular (TIO) merupakan faktor risiko utama untuk kematian retinal ganglion cell (RGC), yang fungsinya menyampaikan informasi visual ke otak dari mata melalui saraf optik. Pengurangan TIO saat ini dicapai melalui berbagai cara, termasuk terapi obat dan intervensi bedah. Namun, tidak ada terapi yang bisa mengembalikan penglihatan pasien menjadi lebih baik oleh karena sudah terjadi kematian RGC yang luas dan tidak dapat ber-regenerasi. Oleh karena itu, stem cell dapat menjadi pilihan satu-satunya untuk mengembalikan penglihatan. Studi sebelumnya telah menunjukkan bahwa pluripotent stem cell (PSC), retinal progenitor cells (RPC) dan sel Muller dapat digunakan untuk meregenerasi RGC. Akan tetapi, ampai saat ini hanya beberapa terapi stem cell yang telah disetujui untuk digunakan dalam praktik klinis penyakit mata, diantaranya inherited retinal dystrophies dan age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Penelitian lain yang dilakukan oleh vilela et al. pada tahun 2015 pada 2 pasien dengan POAG stadium lanjut menggunakan pemberian stem cell yang berasal dari bone marrow pasien tersebut (autolog) secara intravitreal, setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan dengan menggunakan elektroretinografi tidak ada respon setelah terapi dan salah satu pasien mengalami ablasio retina disertai proliferative vitreoretinopati setelah 15 hari post injeksi. Stem Cell merupakan terapi yang sangat menjanjikan bagi pasien dengan glaukoma terutama dengan stadium lanjut oleh karena kerusakan saraf optik yang dialami pasien glaukoma yang tidak dapat diperbaiki dengan terapi yang telah dilakukan sampai sekarang yaitu obat penurun tekanan intraokular maupun dengan operasi. Namun, harus diperhatikan bagaimana Teknik dan pemilihan jenis yang paling baik untuk mencapai outcome terbaik dan dengan efek samping yang paling sedikit.
Guía didáctica de la inteligencia espacial en el desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo en niños/as de 4 a 5 años en educación inicial y básica
Authors: Pérez Gaibor M.Sc. Nancy Concepción , Chávez Gavilánez M.Sc. Edwin Olmedo , Yánez Arteaga M.Sc. Wilian Alberto , Vàsconez Torres M.Sc. Manolo Javier
Published: September 2023

El siguiente estudio tiene como objetivo principal desarrollar y aplicar la guía didáctica basada en la inteligencia espacial para el desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo en los niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años en la Unidad Educativa Manuel de Echeandía del cantón Guaranda en el periodo lectivo 2017-2018. Lo cual contribuye para que los niños y niñas desarrollen habilidades para reconocer objetos, imaginar movimientos, desplazamientos, relaciones espaciales, resolución de problemas y cómo esto influye para lograr el aprendizaje significativo que no es otra cosa que un aprendizaje a largo plazo, reflexivo, crítico, no memorístico. La actual investigación se basa en la metodología que según el propósito es investigación aplicada, según el lugar investigación de campo, según el objeto de estudio investigación experimental, según la fuente de investigación bibliográfica, según el método a utilizar inductivo. Consecuentemente el diseño de la investigación es experimental ya que el investigador aplica la guía didáctica de inteligencia espacial, también el diseño es longitudinal porque se realiza un estudio en dos periodos de tiempo (pre y post) y el tipo de estudio aplicado es cuantitativo por lo cual se utiliza la ficha de observación que proporciona información proveniente de la observación directa del desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo de una población considerada finita de 33 estudiantes por lo cual no se considera una muestra debido a que la población es pequeña, en la cual luego de realizar la estadística descriptiva se determina que la distribución de los datos no es normal, por ende, se aplica la estadística no paramétrica prueba de rangos con signos de Wilcoxon con un nivel de confianza de 95% y un margen de error de un 5%, subsecuentemente se realiza un análisis detallado de cada uno de los indicadores establecidos en la presente investigación en la cual permite determinar que:

El nivel de desarrollo del trabajo abierto incrementó 0,77 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 25,66%, el nivel de desarrollo de la motivación incrementó 0,99 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 33%, el nivel de desarrollo de la creatividad aumentó 1,00 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 33,33%, el nivel de desarrollo del mapa conceptual incrementó 1,32 sobre 3, lo cual representa un 43,84%. En base a todos los datos mencionados anteriormente se determina que la guía didáctica basada en la inteligencia espacial influye en el desarrollo del aprendizaje significativo en los niños y niñas de 4 a 5 años en la Unidad Educativa Manuel de Echeandía del cantón Guaranda en el periodo lectivo 2017-2018.
UNVEILING THE MOSAIC: EXPLORING FEMALE SEXUALITY IN SUJATA BHATT'S POEMS"
Authors: Desai Dr. Pankti
Published: September 2023

The paper titled "Unveiling the Mosaic: Exploring Female Sexuality in Sujata Bhatt's Poems" delves into the intricate and often overlooked facets of female sexuality as portrayed in the poetic works of Sujata Bhatt. This research undertaking seeks to shed light on Bhatt's distinctive approach to articulating the multifaceted dimensions of women's sexuality within her poetry. By employing a comprehensive analysis of select poems, this study aims to unravel the layers of cultural, emotional, and personal nuances that Bhatt intertwines in her verses.

The paper explores how Bhatt navigates the complex terrain of female sexuality, addressing themes of identity, desire, agency, repression, and liberation. By dissecting linguistic choices, metaphors, and narrative structures, the study aims to decipher the undercurrents of meaning that underpin the portrayal of female sexuality in Bhatt's poetry.Through a meticulous analysis of her poems, this research seeks to reveal how Sujata Bhatt challenges established norms and constructs, both within her cultural context and universally. The paper contributes to the understanding of how her work expands the discourse surrounding women's sexuality, inviting readers to contemplate and engage with the intricate tapestry of experiences that often remain veiled. Ultimately, "Unveiling the Mosaic" strives to illuminate the significance of Sujata Bhatt's poetic creations in fostering a deeper appreciation and comprehension of the diverse expressions of female sexuality.
INTERVENÇÕES NA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Cardoso Izabelli Cristiane Carvalho , Rosa Tomaz Renata Silva , Veríssimo de Faria Margareth Regina Gomes
Published: September 2023

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo principal compreender os tipos de intervenções no enfrentamento na violência contra a mulher. Para a coleta de dados, foi realizada uma pesquisa de teor qualitativo a partir de artigos do Portal Capes, um banco de dados completo, com artigos e periódicos diversos. Posteriormente, os conteúdos relativos ao tema proposto serão apreciados por meio de uma revisão sistemática. Buscou-se que, a partir dos resultados, haja uma maior compreensão sobre as intervenções que diminuam e previnam a violência contra mulher. Os dados demonstraram que as intervenções não se mostram eficientes, devido aos poucos artigos selecionados, e a maioria não apresentou dados que demonstrassem redução da incidência de violência e dos danos causados por essa violência. Por isso, se faz importante novas pesquisas nesta área.
Parenting Pola Asuh Orang Tua Untuk Meningkatkan Perkembangan Emosional Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Widyawati Widyawati , Husna Ade Irvi Nurul , Supendi Dede
Published: September 2023

Orang tua kesulitan menghadapi emosional anak, tingkah laku anak yang tidak bisa mengembangkan emosionalnya membuat orang tua gelisah dan merasa gagal memberikan pengarahan. Namun tak sedikit para orang tua merasa kebingungan mengatasi hal tersebut, orang tua pun mencari letak kesalahan yang oleh orang tua dilakukan namun tidak menyadari bahwa hal tersebut berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan emosional anak usia dini. Ini merupakan penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Sumber datanya diperoleh melalui wawanacara dengan guru dan orang tua KB Al Barokah, serta hasil observasi pembelajaran pada seminar bersama para orang tua dan guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukan sebagian orang tua menerapkan parenting tipe otoriter, karena orang tua masih belum paham betul bagaimana cara menerapkan parenting tipe demokratis tersebut walaupun peneliti sudah melakukan observasi dan sosialisasi masih saja ada berapa orang tua yang diteliti masih menerapkan pola asuh otoriter setelah ditelusuri ternyata orang tua tersebut menghadapi suatu masalah yang bertahun-tahun dengan suaminya yang akhirnya meluapkan emosi kepada anaknya. Hal tersebut sangat berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan emosional anak.
Pentingnya Peran Orang Tua Terhadap Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Octavia Vidya Suci , Gussevi Sofia , Supendi Dede
Published: September 2023

Kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak usia dini terkadang menjadi keresahan para orang tua, adanya anak usia dini yang kerap mengeluh merasakan sakit pada gigi karena kurangnya perawatan kebersihan gigi pada anak, dalam hal ini tentu peran orang tua sangatlah penting, mengingat anak usia dini masih harus terus diberikan pengarahan, pengawasan dalam merawat dirinya sendiri, peneliti melihat adanya anak yang kondisi gigi dan mulutnya tergolong dalam kategori kurang baik dan peneliti berusaha mencari solusi untuk hal tersebut. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini, peneliti berupaya memberikan solusi mengenai pentingnya peran orang tua dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak usia dini agar terjalinnya kerjasama antara anak dan orang tua dalam merawat kebersihan gigi dan mulut.  Sasaran pada penelitian ini adalah Ibu di Posyandu Kampung Sukajaga dengan jumlah sampel dalam penilitian adalah 10 anak usia dini. Peran orang tua tentang kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak sebelum dilakukan tindakan adalah kurang baik sebesar 8 orang (80%). Sedangkan peran orang tua tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut anak sesudah dilakukan tindakan adalah baik sebesar 7 orang (70%). Ada pengaruh kebersihan dan kesehatan melalui tindakan yang dilakukan peneliti terhadap peran orang tua dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut anak usia dini di Posyandu Kampung Sukajaga Desa Cihanjawar.
Pendampingan Digital Marketing Desa Wisata Cisantana, Desa Cisantana, Kecamatan Cigugur, Kabupaten Kuningan
Authors: Salim Marcovan , Maulana Alvin , Charles Caroline , Alisia Celyn , Felicia Felicia , Tanoto Grace Ashley , Angwyn Halbert , Annisa Zahrah
Published: September 2023

Pemasaran Digital adalah menggunakan internet dan teknologi informasi untuk memperluas dan meningkatkan fungsi pemasaran tradisional (Urban, 2004). Pemasaran Digital merupakan metode pemasaran yang tidak asing lagi di zaman modern ini. Namun, bagi Desa Wisata Cisantana, Pemasaran Digital masih menjadi hal yang asing, jauh, dan susah untuk dicapai. Pendampingan terkait pencitraan merek diharapkan bisa menjadi tombak ujung dan titik balik bagi Desa Wisata Cisantana dalam melakukan kegiatan pemasaran serta bisa menjadi sebuah awal yang baik dan berguna bagi desa. Sosialisasi serta penyuluhan sudah berhasil dilakukan secara tatap muka yang dihadiri oleh 14 UMKM dan para perangkat desa yang sangat antusias. Diikuti dengan lokakarya yang akan dilakukan secara daring, lalu sesi penindaklanjutan serta evaluasi yang akan dilakukan pada akhir program pendampingan.
Penyuluhan Bahan Kimia Dalam Rumah Tangga Di Lingkungan Rw 07 Desa Cikunir
Authors: Royani Sri
Published: September 2023

Seiring perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, bahan kimia semakin banyak ditemui dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, tidak terkecuali dalam lingkungan rumah tangga. Bahan kimia dalam rumah tangga yang paling sering ditemui adalah bahan kimia dalam makanan dan bahan kimia untuk keperluan hygiene dan sanitasi rumah tangga. Pengetahuan tentang bahan kimia perlu diketahui oleh masyarakat, termasuk masyarakat lingkungan RW 07 Desa Cikunir. Karena bahan kimia selain banyak manfaatnya, ada juga dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan jika tidak digunakan sebagaimana mestinya. Oleh karena itu dilakukan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di lingkungan RW 07 Desa Cikunir. Metode yang dilaksanakan adalah berupa edukasi masyarakat berupa penyuluhan terkait bahan kimia dalam rumah tangga. Kegiatan berlangsung dengan lancar. Dengan adanya penyuluhan ini terjadi peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat RW 07 Desa Cikunir terkait bahan kimia dalam rumah tangga. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat terkait penggunaan bahan kimia dalam rumah tangga supaya digunakan sebagaimana mestinya.