bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiographic and clinical outcomes of slope and varus correction anterior closing wedge tibial osteotomy for primary anterior cruciate ligament injuries with steep posterior tibial slope, varus knee deformity, and medial meniscal posterior root tears
Authors: Li Zhong , Liu Juncai , zhou Peng , Deng Xiangtian , Jiang Hao , Li Lingzhi
Published: March 2022

Background: previous biomechanical studies have investigated the influence of coronal and sagittal correction high tibial osteotomy in ACL-reconstructed knees. However, no studies have reported its clinical application. Our objective was to evaluate the radiological and clinical results after simultaneous slope and varus correction anterior closing wedge tibial osteotomy (ACWTO) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in patients with ACL deficiency combined with steep posterior tibial slope (PTS), varus deformity, and medial meniscal posterior root tear (MMPRT).Methods: Between January 2018 and December 2021, 5 patients with ACL injuries who had steep PTS, varus deformity, and concomitant MMPRT underwent slope and varus correction ACWTO combined with primary ACLR. The mean follow-up duration was 26.2 months. Preoperative and postoperative radiological assessments included the degree of the femoral tibial angle (FTA), PTS, progression of medial osteoarthritis . For clinical outcomes, we evaluated KT-1000 side-to-side difference, pivot-shift test, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm score and Tegner activity score preoperatively and at the last follow-up.Results: The mean PTS was 17.0° (range, 16°-19°) preoperatively and 7.8° (range, 6°-9°) postoperatively (P ＜0.01). The mean FTA was 5.6° (range, 5°-7°) preoperatively and -0.6°(range, -2°-0°) postoperatively (P ＜ 0.01). According to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification, 4 patients was grade 1, and 1 patient was grade 2 at the last follow-up. All patients showed statistically significant improvements in knee stability (pre- vs postoperatively：mean side-to-side difference, 9.2 mm vs 0.6mm; and pivot-shift test, 2 grade I and 3 grade II vs 5 grade 0). All patients showed statistically significant improvements in function (pre- vs postoperatively: mean IKDC score, 48.8 vs 89.4; mean Lysholm score, 48.2 vs 93.0; and Tegner activity score, 4.0 vs 6.8). Moreover, no graft rerupture were found at the last follow-up.Conclusion: Slope and varus correction ACWTO combined with primary ACLR is a safe and effective procedure to improve knee stability and function in patients with ACL tear, steep PTS, varus knee deformity, and MMPRT.
Comparison of Nanofiltration+Pervaporation, Pervaporation and Dialysis Processes for Partial Dealcoholization of White Wines
Authors: Calvo José Ignacio , Asensio Jaime , Sainz Daniel , Zapatero Rubén , Carracedo Daniel , Fernández-Fernández Encarnación , Prádanos Pedro , Palacio Laura , Hernández Antonio
Published: March 2022

Membrane dialysis is studied as a promising technique for partial dealcoholization of white wines. The performance of three membrane processes applied for the partial dealcoholization of white wines of the Verdejo variety has been studied in the present work. Combination of Nanofiltration with Pervaporation, single step Pervaporation and, finally, Dialysis, have been applied to White wines from same variety and different vintages. The resulting wines have been chemically and sensorially analyzed and results have been compared with initial characteristics of the wines. From the results obtained, we can conclude that the best procedure consists in the application of Dialysis to the wines which resulted in a reasonable alcohol content reduction while maintaining organoleptic properties and consumer acceptability of the original wine. Therefore, membrane dialysis, as a method of partial dealcoholization of white wines, has undoubted advantages over other techniques based on membranes, which must be confirmed in subsequent studies under more industrial conditions.
Rethinking the Complexity and Uncertainty of Spatial Networks Applied to Forest Ecology
Authors: Wu Hao-Ran , Peng Chen , Chen Ming
Published: March 2022

Characterizing tree spatial patterns and interactions are helpful to reveal underlying processes assembling forest communities. Spatial networks, despite its complexity, are powerful to examine spatial interactions at an individual level using well defined patterns. However, complex tree networks introduce uncertainties. Validation methods are needed in order to assess whether network-based metrics can clearly identify different processes. Here, we constructed three types of tree networks, which reflect various aspects of tree competition. Based on five types of spatial null models and 199 Monte-Carlo simulations, we were able to select network-based metrics that exhibited well performances on distinguishing different processes. This technique was then applied to forest dataset Tuscany of Italy. We found that the average node degree and the cluster coefficient are ideal metrics like the Ripley’s K and paired correlation function. In addition, network approach can identify fine-scale spatial variations of tree competition and its underlying causes. Our analyzes also indicate that a bit of caution is needed when defining the network structure as well as designing network-based metrics. We suggested that validation techniques using corresponding spatial null models are critically important to reduce the negative effects caused by uncertainties of the network.
Effectiveness and safety of inactivated SARS-CoV2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) among healthcare workers: A seven-month follow-up study at fifteen hospitals
Authors: Ashmawy Rasha , Kamal Ehab , Sharaf Sandy , Elsaka Noura , Esmail Ola Fahmy , Kabeel Samar , Awd Ahmed , Hassanin Ebtisam , Aboeldahab Heba , Nayle Mai , Afifi Magda , Ibrahim Marwa , Rafaat Raghda , Aly Shahinda , Amin Wagdy
Published: March 2022

OBJECTIVE
Health care workers_ the first line army in the current pandemic_ are the most vulnerable group for COVID-19 infection. Vaccination of health care workers is strongly recommended to salvage our army. However, more research is needed to determine the safest and most effective vaccine. In our study, we assessed the safety and effectiveness of the first approved vaccine in Egypt_ the Sinopharm vaccine.
DESIGN, SETTING:
An ambispective cohort study was conducted in fifteen triage and isolation hospitals, from the 1st of March till the end of September 2021. Participants are either fully vaccinated or unvaccinated.
OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Efficacy outcome to assess vaccine effectiveness, severity outcome to assess incidence rate of hospitalized cases (severe to critically ill) or the COVID-19 related mortality, in addition to the safety of the vaccine.
INTERPRETATION:
From the selected hospitals, we included 1228 of 1364 interviewed healthcare workers. Vaccine effectiveness was 67% to protect against symptomatic PCR confirmed cases and 46% for total COVID-19 infection after adjusting hazard ratio. Incidence rate ratios of vaccinated to unvaccinated group were 0.39 (95%CI, 0.24–0.65) for PCR confirmed symptomatic case, 0.63 (95%CI, 0.46–0.86) for total COVID-19 infection, 0.45 (95% CI, 0.15–1.31) for hospitalization, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.07– 6.39) for mechanical ventilation and only one COVID-19 death among unvaccinated group. Most adverse events are mild and well-tolerated. Pregnant and lactating vaccinated mothers did not report any sentinel adverse events.
CONCLUSION
Sinopharm was effective in protecting health care workers from the highly transmissible COVID-19 infection when the predominant Delta variant was ambient.
LncRNA Polymorphism Affects the Prognosis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lyu Yanping , Yang Shuangfeng , Lyu Xuejie , Wang Yuan-Liang , Ji Shumi , Kang Shuling , Jiang Yu , Xiang Jianjun , He Chenzhou , Li Peixin , Liu Baoying , Wu Chuancheng
Published: March 2022

Background: Previous studies have found that lncRNA polymorphisms are associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC), but the specific roles of many lncRNA polymorphism sites in gastric cancer are still unclear. The aim of our study is to deeply explore the relationship between genetic polymorphism of lncRNA and the prognosis of GC.Methods: The genotypes of candidate SNPs locus were detected by Sequenom Mass ARRAY SNP. We deeply analyzed the association of lncRNA polymorphisms with GC prognosis by univariate and multivariate COX regression, stratified analysis, conjoint analysis, and log-rank test. Results: We found that mutations at rs2579878 and rs10036719 loci reduced the risk of poor prognosis of GC. Stratified analysis showed that rs2795025, rs10036719 and rs12516079 polymorphisms were all associated with tumor prognosis. In addition, conjoint analyses showed that the interaction between these two polymorphic sites, rs2795025 and rs12516079, could increase the risk of poor prognosis. Multivariate analysis also found that AG/AA genotype of rs10036719 and AG genotype of rs12516079 were independent prognostic factors. Moreover, we also found that the high express of both CCDC26 and LINC02122 were shown to be associated with the poor survival status of GC patients.Conclusions: We found that the genetic polymorphism of lncRNA plays a role in the development of GC and is closely related to the survival time of patients. Our results could serve as a predictor to the prognosis of GC.
Characterization and Evaluation of Cold Atmospheric Plasma as Seedborne Fungal Disinfectant and Promoting Mediator for Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Moringa Oleifera Seedlings
Authors: Ouf Salama A. , Almarashi Jamal Q. M. , Mohamed Abdel-Aleam H.
Published: March 2022

Large volume atmospheric pressure glow discharge plasma was developed and investigated to enhance the biological activities of M. oleifera seeds. The generated plasma was characterized optically, electrically, and spectroscopically. The large volume plasma size can reach 40 mm gape and 150 mm diameter. One hundred ns magnetic pulse compression high voltage system was used to generate the plasma where the current increases with increasing applied voltage at a constant frequency and discharge gap while the current decreases with increasing discharge gap at constant voltage and frequency. The plasma homogeneity was enhanced with higher applied voltage and frequency. Nitrogen second positive system bands dominated the plasma emission spectra, and its intensity increased with increasing applied voltage and frequency. There was a steady reduction in the total count of emerged seedborne fungi on the application of cold plasma with complete elimination of fungi at ≥ 13 A. The low doses of cold plasma (3.9 and 5.8 A) induced an increase in the seed germination, a significant increase in chlorophyll content (chl a and chl b) and antioxidant activities of the seedlings emerged from soaked or wet seeds rather than dry seeds. There was a steady reduction in the total count of emerged fungi reaching complete decontamination of seedborne fungi at higher plasma doses (≥ 13 A). The plasma was harmful when applied at higher doses (≥ 13 A) and more harmful to the wet seeds compared to the dry ones, where the chlorophyll a content of the seedling developed from 1% H2O2 soaked seeds.
Data mining technology for the identification and threshold of governing factors of landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Guo Liangjie , Miao Fasheng , Zhao Fancheng , Wu Yiping
Published: March 2022

Due to the complex geological conditions and external triggering factors, the deformation of landslide disaster often has spatial differences, especially in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. It is of great significance to explore the governing factors and their thresholds in different parts of landslide. In this research, the deformation of Shuping landslide is analyzed. First, 9 hydrological factors are selected for data mining analysis by comprehensive research, including 5 reservoir water factors and 4 rainfall factors. Then, the numerical variables are transformed into discrete variables by two-step clustering method, and the Apriori algorithm is was utilized to deal with the classified variables to generate the correlation criterion meeting the minimum confidence, and the correlation criterions between triggering factors and landslide displacement are established. Finally, the threshold of governing factors are mined out by decision tree C5.0 models. The results indicate that governing factors controlling the deformation of different parts of landslide are distinct. Specifically, the rear landslide is jointly controlled by the reservoir water and rainfall. On the contrary, the reservoir level controls the deformation of other parts of Shuping landslide. Generally, the daily drop of water level is the most important factor causing the deformation of Shuping landslide. During the period of low water level (138.951 ~ 147.437 m), once the daily drop of water level exceeded 0.416 m/d, the landslide will show severe deformation. This research reveals that the study of association criterion and threshold is of great significance for landslide deformation analysis. Data mining technology can be better applied to the prediction of the reservoir landslide.
Pembrolizumab as a first line therapy in a patient with extensive Mucoepidermoid salivary gland carcinoma. A complete clinical, radiological and pathological response. A very specific case
Authors: Farhat Raed , Asna Noam , Avraham Yaniv , Khater Ashraf , Asakla Majd , Safia Alaa , Elkhatib Nidal , Merchavy Shlomo
Published: March 2022

Background: The treatment options for patients with advanced salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are limited. Results from recently published studies indicate a possible use for checkpoint inhibition in a subset of patients, but there are no established criteria for programme cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) scoring in SGCs. The benefit of chemotherapies was reported to be minimal with a prognosis that remains poor in unresectable and high grade SGC.Immunotherapies have shown remarkable success in various entities not limited to non-small cell lung cancer and malignant melanoma. Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, has been proven to have strong anti-tumor activity in a variety of clinical studies.Case presentation: We report a unique case of advanced high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid salivary gland after Pembrolizumab treatment as a first line therapy. Pembrolizumab treatment resulted in downstaging of the tumor which lead to its successful surgical resection with no facial nerve sacrifice and no serious side effects of the neoadjuvant treatment, and the final specimen pathology was free of tumor. A similar strategy that resulted in complete response (CR) radiologically and pathologically has never been mentioned before in these kind of tumors.Conclusions: Pembrolizumab has demonstrated a promising antitumor activity in pretreated patients with high grade salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and offered a clinically, radiological and pathological response with a meaningful therapeutic option. Further studies that move the treatment of Pembrolizumab to front-line are necessary. These studies should include the time and duration of the pharmacotherapy in relation to the needed time of surgery.
Left Atrial Strain Determinants and Clinical Features According to the Heart Failure Stages. New Insight from EACVI MASCOT Registry
Authors: Benfari Giovanni , Mandoli Giulia Elena , Magne Julien , Miglioranza Marcelo H. , Ancona Roberta , Luksic Vlatka Reskovic , Pastore Maria Concetta , Santoro Ciro , Michalski Blazej , Malagoli Alessandro , Muraru Denisa , Donal Erwan , Cosyns Bernard , Edvardsen Thor , Popescu Bogdan A. , Cameli Matteo
Published: March 2022

Background: Few studies analyzed left atrial (LA) peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) determinants, particularly across heart failure (HF) stages. Objective: We aimed to analyze the pathophysiological and clinical PALS correlates in a large multicentric prospective study. Methods: This is a multicenter prospective observational study enrolling 745 patients with HF stages. Data included PALS and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS). Exclusion criteria were: valvular prosthesis; atrial fibrillation; cardiac transplantation; poor acoustic window. Results: Median global PALS was 17% [24-32]. 29% of patients were in HF-stage 0-A, 35% in stage-B, and 36% in stage-C. Together with age, the echocardiographic determinants of PALS were LA volume and LV-GLS (overall model R²=0.50, p<0.0001). LV-GLS had the strongest association with PALS at multivariable analysis (beta:-3.60±0.20, p<0.0001). Among HF stages, LV-GLS remained the most important PALS predictor (p<0.0001) whereas age was only associated with PALS in lower HF-stage 0-A or B (R=-0.26 p<0.0001, R=-0.23 p=0.0001). LA volume increased its association to PALS moving from stage 0-A (R=-0.11; P=0.1) to C (R=-0.42; P<0.0001). PALS was the single most potent echocardiographic parameter in predicting the HF stage (AUC for B vs. 0-A 0.81, and AUC vs. 0-A for C 0.76). PALS remained independently associated with HF stages after adjusting for ejection fraction, E/e’ ratio, and mitral regurgitation grade (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Although influenced by LV-GLS and LA size across HF stages, PALS is incrementally and independently associated with clinical status. LA function may reflect a substantial part of the hemodynamic consequences of ventricular dysfunction.
Diagnostic Performance of Quantitative Flow Ratio (QFR) Values Generated from Automatic TIMI Frame-Counting
Authors: Devineni Aditya , Levine Molly B. , Melaku Gebremedhin D. , Kahsay Yirga , Finizio Michael , Waksman Ron , Garcia-Garcia Hector M.
Published: March 2022

Background:
QFR (quantitative flow ratio) is a computational measurement of FFR (fractional flow reserve), calculated from coronary angiography. Latest QFR software automates TIMI frame counting (TFC), which occurs during the flow step of QFR analyses, making the analysis faster and more reproducible. The objective is to determine the diagnostic performance of QFR values obtained from analyses using automatic TFC compared to those obtained from analyses using manual TFC, in the assessment of hemodynamically significant coronary lesions.
Methods and Results:
This was a single-arm clinical trial that used the prospective analysis of retrospective data to compare the automatic and current gold standard manual TFC QFR values of 97 patients who underwent coronary angiography. The diagnostic performance of automatic TFC QFR values was measured as follows: sensitivity was 0.8696 (95% CI 0.6641–0.9722) and specificity was 1.00 (95% CI 0.9514-1.00), positive predictive value (PPV) was 1.00 (95%CI 1.00–1.00), while the NPV was 0.9610 (95% CI 0.9610–0.9936). Overall accuracy was 96.91% (95% CI 91.23%-99.36%). The agreement as illustrated by the Bland-Altman plot shows a bias of 0.0023 (SD 0.0208) and narrow limits of agreement (LOA): Upper LOA 0.0573 and Lower LOA − 0.0528. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.996.
Conclusions:
QFR values generated from automatic TFC are comparable to those generated from manual TFC in diagnostic capability. The most recent software update is equivalent to the previous manual option and therefore it can be used interchangeably.
Nutritional and logarithmic fungal count of brewery spent grain in different conservation techniques and brewery factories’
Authors: Kitaw Getu , Terefe Geberemariyam , Faji Mulisa
Published: March 2022

The objectives of this study was to investigate the effect of conservation practices (soaking, sun drying and ensiling) on nutritional and fungal load dynamics of wet brewers’ grain (WBG). About 40 kilogram of WBG was collected from four breweries (Meta Abo, Habesha, Dashen and Bedele) located in different districts of the country. Sample was labeled and kept in a separate sterile bag, stored under − 20 OC. For soaking, two kg sample was uniformly treated with salt at 3% on DM basis and placed in cold water submerged plastic container and covered with a lead for partial aerobic storage. Two kg fresh sample was exposed to sun drying for three days, eight hours per day and another 2 kg fresh sample was ensiled in a plastic bottle. Molasses was added at the rate of 3% on DM basis to enhance proper fermentation and compaction inside the silo. All samples except sun dried, were subjected to oven drying at 550C for 72 hrs. Chemical compositions, dry matter losses and, fungal count (yeast and mold colony) were determined by standard laboratory procedure. To determine insacco degradability, samples were incubated 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours in nylon bags (6.5 × 14 cm, 50 µm pore size) placed ventral sac of thee cannulated Boran-Friesian steers (550 ± 15 kg live weight). The sample received from Meta Abo brewery factory had y higher (p < 0.05) acid detergent fiber, lignin and digestible organic matter in the dry matter (DM) but comparable dry matter, ash, crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber with the other breweries. The minimal loss on DM and other nutrients, lower fungal, yeast and mold colony counts and the higher CP digestion kinetics was observed in ensiling techniques. If supply is not a constraint under local conditions, ensiling can be recommended as a best WBG conservation practice.
Safety and Efficacy of iStent Inject® Trabecular Micro-Bypass Stents in Combination with Phacoemulsification for Chronic Open Angle Glaucoma Associated with Cataract
Authors: Cela Déborah , Brasnu Emmanuelle , Hamard Pascale , Baudouin Christophe , Labbé Antoine
Published: March 2022

Background
The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification combined with iStent Inject® implantation for the treatment of chronic open-angle glaucoma controlled on topical anti-glaucoma medications and associated with cataract.
Methods
This study was a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent phacoemulsification and implantation of an iStent Inject® for chronic open-angle glaucoma associated with cataract. For all patients, pre- and postoperative characteristics, including number of glaucoma medications and intraocular pressure (IOP), were compared using repeated measures ANOVA. Postoperative visits were scheduled at 7 days and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery.
Results
Forty-nine eyes of 39 patients were included in the study. Mean preoperative IOP at baseline was 16.3 ± 4.3 mmHg (range, 10–29 mmHg) with a mean of 2.2 ± 1.0 mmHg antiglaucoma medications. At 1 month, the mean IOP reduction was 16% (p < 0.05) along with an 18.7% reduction in the mean number of medications. At 6 months, the mean IOP was 12.8 ± 2.6, with a mean of 1.1 ± 0.9 antiglaucoma medications. The mean IOP reduction at 6 months was 22% (p < 0.05) along with a 49% reduction in the mean number of medications. At 12 months, the mean IOP was 13.8 ± 2.5 with a mean of 1.1 ± 1.2 medications. The mean IOP reduction at 12 months was 15% (p < 0.05) along with a 47% reduction in the mean number of medications. No severe device-related side effects were observed.
Conclusions
iStent Inject® implantation combined with phacoemulsification resulted in effective IOP reduction and medication burden in patients with mild to advanced chronic open-angle glaucoma and preoperative IOP well controlled with topical hypotensive medications.
Dietary trends and socioeconomic disparities among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Parker Jennifer , Kaur Simranpreet , Medalla John Marlo , Imbert-Sanchez Anairobi , Bautista Jeanette Alexandra
Published: March 2022

Background: Healthy eating is vital to health and well-being and during the COVID-19 pandemic it is especially important for boosting immunity and protecting against viral infections. Yet, by many accounts, a nutritious diet has been a casualty of the pandemic, rather than a means to fight it, especially among the most socioeconomically vulnerable. Methods: We employed a cross-sectional design to examine income-based dietary disparities targeting young adults (ages 18-28) during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Young adults have experienced some of the biggest pandemic-related disruptions during a formative stage of development while no known scholarly attention has addressed dietary changes in this demographic. Participants (N=254) responded to a 15-20-minute online survey and questions related to food composition and sources of food, perceptions of healthy eating, weight change, physical activity, and food insecurity. Comparisons were made between those who lived in households that earned above versus below the U.S. median income. Results: Lower income young adults were disproportionately represented in unhealthy consumption changes during the lockdown period such as increased intake of junk food (+3%) and a decrease in grains (-2%). Upper income participants were overly represented in healthy changes in diet such as a decrease in eating at fast food restaurants (-4%) and an increased reliance on home cooked food from scratch (+6%). Lower income participants also perceived their eating habits during the lockdown as less healthy (M=21.0, SD=4.99) than their upper income counterparts (M=23.53, SD=5.66). Weight gain during lockdown was reported by half (50%) of lower income and less than a third (29%) of upper income participants. Financial circumstances negatively impacted the diets of significantly more lower income (39%) than upper income (18%) respondents. Food insecurity during lockdown was a regular occurrence for 6-8% of lower income versus 2-5% of upper income young adults in this study. Conclusions: It is recommended that pandemic minded public health interventions account for negative dietary trends with particular attention to low-income young adults.
Measuring Nigeria’s output gap: An Application of Kalman Filter
Authors: Uzoagulu Promise Chinecherem , Onuigbo Fidelia Nebechi
Published: March 2022

The deviation between an economy's estimated potential output and its actual level of output is known as the output gap. The goal of assessing the output gap is to determine the scope or limit for long-term non-inflationary growth and to assess policymakers' opinions on macroeconomic policies. Using the state-space model and Kalman filtering, the study used seasonally adjusted quarterly and annual GDP data from Nigeria. In order to state the predictability of output, the paper extended the univariate model to a multivariate model. However, we used the univariate Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filter as a baseline for comparing the output gap. The result shows that the gap size varies depending on the approach applied. As a result, the model shows that inflation outperforms unemployment as the quantitative measure of Nigeria's output gap. The results were satisfactory, and the univariate unobserved component utilizing the Kalman filter, surprisingly, yielded significant outcomes toward the output gap. The output gap estimation also reveals sensitivity due to the inclusion of unemployment in the quarterly data. This implies that policymakers should avoid depending on one approach of estimating output gap.
The historical development Of christian lobbying into permanent christian lobby organizations in the United States of America
Authors:   , Boykin Derrick L.
Published: March 2022

By the latter half of the twentieth century, a documented, substantial quantitative increase had occurred in the total number of Christian political organizations operating in Washington, D.C. with the sole purpose of influencing Congress and the administration through direct lobbying. This study seeks to understand what were the contributing historical factors that influenced the rise of Christian Lobby Organizations (CLOs), resulting in their normalization in American society?
Leading macroeconomic indicators for a dynamic investment strategy
Authors: Samaniego Alcántar Ángel , Rodríguez-Reyes Luis Raúl
Published: March 2022

In this paper a long-term portfolio optimization model is developed, through the use of economic indicators (CLI and BCI). In this way, an investment portfolio will adjust to the movements of the business cycle, mitigating its risk in the event of possible downturns. The proposed model was tested in Mexico between 1998-2021. The active strategy makes investments in fixed income (Certificados de la Tesorería, CETES) and the market index (Índice de Precios y Cotizaciones, IPC), through operations of 25 % of the capital in monthly decisions. The dynamic investment strategy outperforms market index by 4.3 % in the period analyzed (differences in annual geometric return). In that period, only 5 % of the annual returns of the active strategy were negative, compared to 25.8 % in the market index.
Impacts of land-use/land-cover changes on nutrient losses in agricultural catchment, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kuma Hailu Gisha , Feyessa Fekadu Fufa , Demissie Tamene Adugna
Published: March 2022

Assessing the impact of land-use/land-cover (LULC) change and nutrient loads on water systems is a key issue, where different water uses raise water-quality concerns. This study aimed to enumerate the extent of the LULC change from 1986 to 2018, its measurable impacts on nutrient losses and major pollution areas based on the SWAT in the Bilate catchment, southern Ethiopia. The sequential uncertainty fitting version two (SUFI-2) algorithm in SWAT-CUP was used in calibration and validation. Calibration and validation showed good agreement between observed and simulated values. Results showed that significant changes in nutrient loss occurred, following the direction of LULC changes between 1986–2002 and 2002–2018. The increase in agricultural land and built-up area accounted for 9.46% and 0.69% of the catchment area, respectively. The total phosphorus and nitrogen loads reached 2.52–1.27 kg/ha and 15.41–31.69 kg/ha between 1986–2002 and 2002–2018. Sub-basins 11, 14, 16, 17, 18 and 55 were the most important areas with nutrient pollution sources identified. The nutrient loads reduce water quality and fish productivity in Lake Abaya. The results of this study improved the understanding of nutrient loading from LULC changes and provided the required knowledge on integrating LULC and water-quality management.
Study on aeration performance of different types of piano key weir
Authors: Singh Deepak , Kumar Munendra
Published: March 2022

Aeration is the process of increasing the dissolved oxygen (DO) content of water, which is an important water quality parameter for the survival of aquatic life. In this process, large amounts of air bubbles develop; as a result, contact surface area increases, and hence the water-air-mass transfer accelerates. There are numerous methods for increasing DO concentration in water, including self-aeration, mechanical aeration, chemical aeration, and hydraulic structures. The hydraulic structures are an economical and efficient way of enhancing stream/river water aeration. Even though the water only comes into contact with the structure for a short while, it increases the amount of DO in a river system. In this study, an experimental investigation has been carried out to determine the aeration performance of different types of piano key weir (PKW). To this end, three different types (type-A, type-B, and type-C) of PKW laboratory-scaled models were tested. The results demonstrated that the type-A PKW created maximum oxygen transfer efficiency of the three PKW types. In addition, the results show that the aeration efficiency of all PKW models increases with drop height but decreases with increasing discharge over the weirs.
O idoso como sujeito social na educação
Authors: De Azevêdo Alessandro Augusto , Da Silva Viana José Danilo
Published: March 2022

O fenômeno do prolongamento da etapa vital dos indivíduos resulta de políticas de ampliação de direitos e melhorias dos padrões de qualidade de vida, em uma parte significativa do planeta trazendo o desafio do atendimento da população idosa, nas esferas do sistema educativo. Contudo, a legislação educacional brasileira reflete a marginalização e invisibilidade da população idosa, não obstante sua presença na modalidade EJA e o seu crescimento como demandante de direitos nos âmbitos sociais e econômicos. O objetivo do presente artigo é discutir a ressignificação do espaço escolar operada pelos sujeitos idosos que se propõem retomar seus estudos, matriculando-se na modalidade EJA, em uma escola pública da rede municipal de Natal-RN. A partir do diálogo com suas histórias de vida, analisamos o conjunto de significações trazidos por esses sujeitos apontando a escola como lugar de reparação da negação ao direito à educação quando infantes e de acolhimento de suas necessidades de socialização, partilha de experiências e aprendizados.
O acesso à educação infantil em tempo integral
Authors: Auer Franceila , Carvalho de Araújo Vania
Published: March 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as justificativas mais recorrentes das famílias ao demandarem vagas para seus filhos nas instituições públicas de educação infantil em tempo integral no município de Vitória-ES. Adota como metodologia a análise documental de oito demandas judiciais e extrajudiciais apreciadas pelo Ministério Público e pelo Tribunal de Justiça. À luz do pensamento de Hannah Arendt, problematiza a relação entre judicialização, direito e política. Os resultados indicam que as solicitações das vagas pelas famílias estão associadas às suas necessidades socioeconômicas, tais como, trabalho intra e extradomiciliar remunerado, situação de vida marcada pelo risco e vulnerabilidade social. Conclui-se que embora o direito à educação infantil seja considerado público sob o ponto de vista constitucional, em um contexto de precarização de vagas, a judicialização da educação conduz o direito a partir de demandas privadas e interesses particulares, sem interlocução pública, o que aproxima o direito ao “mérito da necessidade”.
Literatura pedagógica e escolarização da infância
Authors: Fernandes Hercília Maria , Cavalcante Davi
Published: March 2022

No estado da Paraíba, a partir dos anos 1920, efetua-se a circulação das ideias da Escola Nova. Entre as medidas da renovação escolar, a Diretoria do Ensino Primário cria a “Revista do Ensino” (1932-1942). Com base no exposto, objetiva-se refletir os saberes voltados à formação docente e à escolarização da infância paraibana, de modo a compreender a finalidade do ideário político-pedagógico da Escola Nova na Paraíba. Para tanto, a abordagem teórico-metodológica se associa às noções de forma e modo escolar de socialização (VINCENT; LAHIRE; THIN, 2001). Enquanto fontes documentais, o trabalho comporta o exame das Conferências constituintes das Semanas Pedagógicas e outras escrituras-escolares publicadas na e pela Revista do Ensino. O tratamento analítico das categorias, por sua vez, se orienta na análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 1977). Feitos esses procedimentos, conclui-se que o ideário escolanovista na Paraíba visou à edificação de um novo educador para uma nova educação, e, especialmente, de um novo homem para uma nova sociedade.
VIVIR EN MULTITUD: LA RECEPCIÓN DE LA FILOSOFÍA POLÍTICA TOMISTA EN JACQUES MARITAIN
Authors:   Universidad de Chile, Chile, Aránguiz Kahn Luis
Published: March 2022

La filosofía política de Jacques Maritain se caracterizó por tener una distintiva recepción entre grupos católicos interesados en la vida política durante el siglo pasado. Sus ideas, sin embargo, no fueron una respuesta meramente contingente a las coyunturas históricas, sino que estaban enraizadas en concepciones robustas formuladas a partir de la filosofía política de Santo Tomás de Aquino. En vista de ello, este ensayo explora desde un enfoque diacrónico el modo en que Maritain, a lo largo de su trayectoria, se acerca o distancia de la filosofía política de Tomás de Aquino, en particular como se la encuentra en su obra De Regno.
SAN MIGUEL ARCÁNGEL EN LOS COMENTARIOS DE CORNELIO A LAPIDE
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, México, Escobedo Salvador Daniel
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se presenta un estudio teológico del arcángel San Miguel partiendo principalmente de la obra del jesuita flamenco Cornelio A. Lapide (1567-1637). El análisis se expone según el orden en que el arcángel es mencionado en las Sagradas Escrituras, iniciando por la profecía de Daniel, pasando por la epístola de Judas Tadeo, hasta llegar a sus menciones en el Apocalipsis. También se revisa la presencia de San Miguel en la historia del culto y la liturgia católica, y su significado histórico. Este artículo puede ser tomado como una introducción a la teología y exégesis bíblica clásicas del arcángel San Miguel.
Optimization of Chitosan-wrapped Linagliptin Nanosuspension for Cognitive
Enhancement Through Intranasal Route
Authors: Joshi Deepika , Bhavna
Published: March 2022

Objective:

This study aimed to design and statistically optimize the potential of intranasallydelivered
chitosan-wrapped linagliptin nanosuspension as an alternative approach for brain targeting for
enhancing cognitive behaviour, increasing its solubility/permeability characteristics, and reducing the side
effects.

Method:

Linagliptin nanosuspensions were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method. We investigated
the effects of independent variables, i.e., linagliptin concentration (D) and chitosan concentration (P), on
the dependent factors like % drug loading (R1), % entrapment efficiency (R2), and % drug release (R3)
via a central composite design. Furthermore, the optimized formulation was evaluated for surface morphology/
size, ex-vivo permeation study, in-vitro release study, and stability study.

Results:

The optimized formulation was further evaluated by different evaluation parameters such as
FESEM and TEM study of the optimized formulation (LS 1) showed spherical morphology. Mean particle
size (250.7 nm), charge (-16.3 mV), % entrapment efficiency (95.8 ± 1.45 %), and % drug loading
(35.78 ± 0.19 %) were determined. Saturation solubility (0.987 mg/ml), in vitro dissolution rate (89.65 ±
0.82 %), and ex vivo permeation (82.23 ± 1.25 %) of LS 1 were higher than pure linagliptin.

Conclusions:

Response surface methodology was applied successfully to obtain LS 1 as an optimized
formulation with enhanced solubility and dissolution characteristics at minimized dose, alleviating side
effects and with improvised cognitive effects. Thus, an efficient intranasal delivery platform of linagliptin
based on nanosuspension was designed for bypassing the BBB and delivering therapeutics directly to the
brain. This can be a futuristic approach for enhancing cognitive effects by linagliptin nanosuspension via
the intranasal route.
Frequency of Ipsilateral Axillary Lymphadenopathy After the Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Turan Aynur , Kaplanoğlu Hatice , Kaplanoğlu Veysel
Published: March 2022

Objective:

During COVID-19 vaccine development studies, vaccines' efficacy and safety
profiles should be carefully investigated. Only a few studies have shown that the COVID-19 vaccine
can cause axillary lymphadenopathy on the injection arm. This study aimed to investigate the incidence
of axillary lymphadenopathy and imaging findings using B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography (US)
examinations in volunteers who had recently been vaccinated against COVID-19.

Methods:

The ipsilateral and contralateral axillae of 101 volunteers who received the COVID-19 vaccine
were evaluated using B-mode and Doppler US examinations. The volunteers were asked when
and to which arm the vaccine had been applied, and the type and dose of the vaccine were recorded. It
was also questioned whether the individual experienced any side effects after vaccination, such as pain,
tenderness, fever, and redness at the injection site. In addition, the demographic data of the participants,
such as age and gender, were recorded.

Results:

The B-mode US examinations revealed that the long- and short-axis diameters, size, cortical
thickness, and asymmetric cortical thickening of the left axillary lymph nodes were significantly higher
compared to the right side in individuals having received the CoronaVac vaccine (p<0.05). When the
individuals were evaluated separately according to gender, the frequency of cortical thickness and
asymmetric cortical thickening in the left axillary lymph nodes was higher than on the right side in
both males and females (p=0.011).

Conclusion:

It should be kept in mind that ipsilateral reactive lymphadenopathy may develop after the
COVID-19 vaccine. This knowledge can prevent unnecessary axillary lymph node biopsies.
A Review of the Control System of a 3D Printer
Authors: Xie Baocheng , Gao Huaqiang , Zhang Tingliang
Published: March 2022

Background:

Three-dimensional printing technology is widely applied in the medical,
aviation, automotive, construction, and consumer goods industries because of its characteristics of
forming shapes without mold, not limited by part complexity, and fully digitalization control. The
control system, a core element of a three-dimensional printer, controls the orderly working procedure
of all elements of the printer and plays a vital role in the printing efficiency and printing quality
of the three-dimensional printing. Therefore, the development trend of the control system of the
three-dimensional printer has been paid increasing attention.

Objective:

To evaluate the latest technology in the 3D printer control system, we assess the existing
3D printer control system to improve printing accuracy and printing efficiency. In this review, the
open-loop control system and closed-loop control system of the 3D printer are discussed emphatically.
In conclusion, the future research direction of a 3D printer control system is discussed.

Methods:

This paper reviews the current various representative patents related to the control system
of a 3D printer.

Results:

Through investigating a large number of patents on the control system of 3D printers, the
closed-loop control system and the opened-loop control system of the 3D printer are analyzed, and
the development trend of the 3D printer control system is discussed.

Conclusion:

The optimization of the control system of the 3D printer is conducive to increasing
printing efficiency and printing quality in the 3D printing process. More relevant patents need to be
invented in the future.
Human Bones Solubility in Seawater
Authors: Krumgalz Boris S.
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

In January 1968, an Israeli submarine "Dakar" sank in the Mediterranean
Sea. The Dakar’s wreckage was not found until May 1999, when it was located
between the islands of Cyprus and Crete at depth more than 3,000 m by the Nauticos Corporation,
the same company which found a British passenger liner "Titanic" that sank in the
North Atlantic Ocean after it collided with an iceberg. The possibility to recover any existing
remains of the crew members in the sunken submarine “Dakar” and to give them Jewish
burial had been widely discussed in Israel.

Background:

The human bones consist of mineral and organic matrixes. Therefore, the solubility
of the bones in seawater will depend on the behavior of these two matrixes. The
main mineral component of human bones is a calcium phosphate mineral which is similar in
composition and structure to minerals within the apatite group. Thus, the human bones are
rigid body tissue consisting of biological cells embedded in an abundant, hard intercellular
material.

Objective:

The main objective is to study the possibility of solubility of human bones after
prolonged time in deep waters.

Methods:

The solubility of minerals in natural waters can be calculated from thermodynamic
considerations provided that the equilibrium constants are known, and ionic activity coefficients
can be obtained. Using the approaches developed by Pitzer's scientific school for
ionic activity coefficients calculations it was demonstrated in this article that neither hydroxyapatite
nor fluorapatite can be dissolved in seawater.

Results:

It is well known, according to various publications, that no skeleton remains were
found in most cases of sunken ships wreckage in deep seawaters. The question is how this
contradiction can be explained if mineral constituents of human bones could not be dissolved
in seawater, but no skeletons have been found in sunken ships being prolonged time
in deep depths. We assume that the reason for this phenomenon is that skeleton bones in addition
to mineral matrix contain organic constituents which can be dissolved in seawater due to
various natural biological and chemical processes. After the dissolution of the organic constitutes
of the bones, the bones remains could not be preserved as a whole in sunk ships.

Conclusion:

It can be assumed that due to the dissolution of human bones' organic contents
in seawater, human bodies’ remains cannot be found in most cases in sunken ships after a
prolonged time in deep waters.
Rho/Rho Kinase Signaling Pathway and Disease: from Bed to Bench
Authors: Wang Yiming , Zhang Yuqing , Zhang Dingguo
Published: March 2022

Since Madaule and Axel first discovered Rho gene in 1985, Rho and its
signal transduction pathway have been extensively studied. Rho protein family belongs
to the small GTP binding protein of Ras super-family, whose molecular weight is
between 20kd-30kd. As a molecular switch, Rho protein family controls many signal
transduction pathways in eukaryotic cells. There are two states of Rho protein, one is
the inactivation state bound to GDP (GDP Rho), the other is the activation state bound
to GTP (GTP Rho). In the resting state, the GDP Rho dissociation inhibitor (rho GDI)
is bound to the GDP Rho and located in the cytoplasm. GTP was substituted for GDP
to activate Rho protein by guanosine exchange factor (GEFs). GTP Rho interacts with
the downstream effector Rho kinase (ROCK). There are two types of ROCK: ROCK1
and ROCK2. The activation of ROCK can inhibit the activity of myosin
phosphorylated light chain phosphatase (MYPT1), thus increasing the level of myosin
phosphorylated light chain (MLC) in cells, leading to increased sensitivity of vascular
smooth muscle cells to Ca2+ and vasoconstriction. Previous studies have shown that
Rho/ROCK signaling pathway not only plays an important role in vasoconstriction, but
also regulates cell movement, proliferation, adhesion, activation of cytokines and
migration of inflammatory cells. At the molecular level, the expression of ROCK up regulates various factors that promote oxidative stress, inflammation, thrombosis and
fibrosis, and down-regulates endothelial nitric oxide synthetase. At the cellular level, it
is involved in many cell functions such as gene expression, cytokinesis, cell adhesion
and migration. It has been found that Rho/Rho kinase is related to cardiovascular
diseases, such as coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, hypertension, heart failure and
so on. Fasudil, a potent and selective inhibitor of ROCK, can treat many cardiovascular
diseases and has been used in clinical practice. This article reviews the relationship
between Rho/Rho kinase and many system diseases.
Identification of intention to buy healthy food
Authors: Kusdiyanto Kusdiyanto , Saputro Edy Purwo , Sholahuddin Muhammad , Mabruroh Mabruroh , Irawati Zulfa , Murwanti Sri , Setyaningrum Dewi Probowati
Published: March 2022

Research on the intention to buy healthy food products is interesting to study because many studies show mixed results. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health awareness factors, attitude factors, environmental awareness, lifestyle, and knowledge on purchase intentions of healthy food products with case observation settings in Solo City involving 100 respondents. The results of the analysis show that the four variables of health awareness, attitude, environmental awareness, and lifestyle have a significant effect on buying interest, while the knowledge factor has no effect. Limitations and research suggestions become a reference for further research. However, the knowledge factor that does not affect purchase intention from this research still needs to be examined through the educational process so that it has a long-term effect.