bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKSANAAN “PROSPEK” (PROGRAM STRATEGIS PEMBANGUNAN KAMPUNG) DALAM MEMBERDAYAKAN MASYARAKAT PAPUA MANDIRI DAN SEJAHTERA DI KABUPATEN JAYAPURA PROVINSI PAPUA (Studi Kasus di Distrik Sentani Barat, Sentani, dan Sentani Timur)
Authors: Petrus Nero  , Ermaya Suradinata  , Deti Mulyati
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran tentang Implementasi Kebijaksanaan Program Strategi Pembangunan Kampung dalam memberdayakan masyarakat Papua “Bangkit Mandiri dan Sejahtera” di Kabupaten Jayapura Provinsi Papua, serta menemukan solusi yang bermanfaat dalam upaya melakukan Program Strategi Pembangunan Kampung dalam pemberdayaan efektivitas aparatur pemerintahan kabupaten sebagai salah satu pelaksana implementasi kebijaksanaan publik di daerah.

Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif di mana peneliti ingin menggambarkan dan menjelaskan tentang bagaimana implementasi kebijakan Program Strategi Pembangunan Kampung dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat Papua “Bangkit Mandiri dan Sejahtera” di Kabupaten Jayapura sebagaimana di atur dalam perundangundangan yang berlaku. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan mengombinasikan antara wawancara dengan dokumentasi.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa salah satu kelemahan dalam implementasi kebijakan Program Strategi Pembangunan Kampung dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat masih lemahnya peranan pemerintah baik provinsi maupun kabupaten belum melibatkan peran tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama dan tokoh adat serta kepala kampung dan perangkat kampung dalam proses sosialisasi itu. Pemerintah masih berkesan bekerja dengan mengandalkan kekuasaan hierarki birokrasi, di mana orientasi dan Workshop hanya melibatkan pejabat struktural di tingkat distrik.

Saran yang disampaikan dalam penelitian ini adalah Program Strategi Pembangunan Kampung, setiap tahun harus ada kelanjutan karena masyarakat kampung yang semakin baik, dapat memperbaiki, serta meningkatkan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Di samping itu untuk menyejahteraan masyarakatnya harus diswadayakan dan dalam dana Program Strategi Pembangunan Kampung dikhususkan untuk kebutuhan infrastruktur masyarakat Kabupaten Jayapura.
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN POLA KARIER PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL PADA BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA KABUPATEN SERANG PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Rizky Akbar  , Muh. Ilham  , Deti Mulyati
Published: December 2021

Pola Karier dalam jabatan menjamin ketenangan kerja dengan mengacu kinerja pegawai yang dapat menentukan kariernya sendiri sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kompetensi yang dimiliki. Pola pembinaan PNS menggambarkan alur pengembangan karier yang menunjukkan keterkaitan dan keserasian antar jabatan, pangkat, pendidikan, dan pelatihan jabatan, kompetensi serta masa jabatan pegawai dari awal pengangkatan sampai pensiun. Peneliti mengambil fokus pada implementasi kebijakan pola karier pada BKPSDM Kabupaten Serang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan bagaimana penempatan pegawai dengan adanya kebijakan pola karier, untuk mengetahui mengapa dan strategi apa saja yang dilakukan BKPSDM Kabupaten Serang.

Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan deduktif yang di dalamnya menggunakan teori implementasi Edward III dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder, serta menggambarkan implementasi kebijakan pola karier sehingga dapat dibuat strategi pelaksanaan pola karier dengan kondisi yang ada di BKPSDM Kabupaten Serang.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan pola karier pada BKPSDM Kabupaten Serang masih terdapat hal-hal menyimpang sehingga proses pola karier pegawai belum berjalan optimal. Kemudian strategi yang dilakukan di lingkungan internal dengan transparansi dan minimnya anggaran, sedangkan strategi yang dilakukan di lingkungan eksternal dengan regulasi yang jelas namun, belum adanya pilot project berskala nasional. Saran yang perlu diperhatikan oleh pemerintah daerah khususnya BKPSDM Kabupaten Serang, yaitu optimalisasi kebijakan pola karier, peningkatan anggaran, regulasi yang jelas dan menjadikan BKPSDM sebagai pilot project berskala nasional.
Kwalitatieve en transparante fraudebestrijding
Authors: Buisman S.S.
Published: December 2021

Kwalitatieve en transparante fraudebestrijding – Een verkennend onderzoek naar handhavingscriteria voor fraudedelicten

Fraude is een complex en wijdverspreid probleem. Terwijl de criminaliteitscijfers de afgelopen jaren zijn gedaald, neemt het aantal fraudegevallen met rasse schreden toe. Het is dan ook niet verwonderlijk dat beleidsmakers hard willen optreden tegen fraudeurs. Echter, zaken zoals de toeslagenaffaire hebben laten zien dat het beleid daarin vaak doorschiet en dat de menselijke maat met enige regelmaat uit het oog verloren wordt. Daarom zou een set van handhavingscriteria dienen te worden ontwikkeld voor transparante en kwalitatieve handhaving van fraudedelicten. In dat kader wordt in dit artikel wordt een eerste verkennend onderzoek gedaan naar de gehanteerde handhavingscriteria bij fraudedelicten.
De strafrechtelijke antifraudebepalingen in het licht van de uitkomsten van de ondervragings­commissie kinderopvangtoeslag
Authors: ten Voorde J.M.
Published: December 2021

De strafrechtelijke antifraudebepalingen in het licht van de uitkomsten van de ondervragingscommissie kinderopvangtoeslag

De Parlementaire ondervragingscommissie Kinderopvangtoeslag velde een negatief oordeel over de bestuursrechtelijke aanpak van fraude met kinderopvangtoeslag. De menselijke maat ontbrak. Het oordeel van de commissie roept de vraag op of ook ten aanzien van de strafrechtelijke aanpak van uitkeringsfraude kan worden gezegd dat de menselijke maat ontbreekt. Of ziet de strafrechter kansen daarmee wel rekening te houden en zo ja, op welke wijze en in welke gevallen? Deze vragen worden aan de hand van rechtspraakanalyse van arresten van hoven beantwoord.
De valkuil van het witwassen van uit valsheid in geschrift afkomstig vermogen
Authors: de Zanger W.S.
Published: December 2021

Hoge Raad 12 oktober 2021, ECLI:NL:HR:2021:1491 – Annotatie

In deze bijdrage wordt het arrest van de Hoge Raad van 12 oktober 2021 (ECLI:NL:HR:2021:1491) geannoteerd. In dit arrest heeft de Hoge Raad geoordeeld dat het gerechtshof de ruime mogelijkheden van de witwasbepalingen niet goed heeft toegepast. Dat betekent nog niet dat het ruime bereik van die bepalingen met dit arrest ook worden ingeperkt.
Herbicide Potential of Selected Essential Oils From Plants of Lamiaceae and Asteraceae Families
Authors: Nikolova Milena , Traykova Boryanka , Yankova-Tsvetkova Elina , Stefanova Tatyana , Dzhurmanski Anatoli , Aneva Ina , Berkov Strahil
Published: December 2021

Essential oils from
Monarda fistulosa
L.,
Satureja pilosa
Vel.,
Origanum vulgare
subsp.
hirtum
Ietswaart. (Greek oregano),
Micromeria dalmatica
Benth.,
Thymus longedentatus
(Degen & Urum.) Ronniger, and
Artemisa campestris
L. were evaluated as inhibitors of seed germination in target plants
Lolium perenne
L. and
Trifolium pratense
L. using in vitro assays. The essential oils were applied on the seeds as aqueous solutions at concentrations ranging from 0.5–3.0 µL/mL. Complete inhibition was established at a concentration of 1.5 µL/mL with the most effective essential oils. Oregano oil was evaluated for its inhibitory activity on seed germination under field conditions; the essential oil was applied as an aqueous solution at concentrations of 3, 5, and 10 µL/mL on superabsorbent Terawet. The mass obtained was mixed with the seeds of the target plants and planted in a field. After 1 month, the results were evaluated based on the weight of the aerial parts of the plants from control and experimental areas. At the highest concentration studied, the weight of the plants was 77% lower in the experimental areas than in the controls. The chemical composition of the essential oils was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed that carvacrol-rich essential oils had a strong inhibitory effect on seed germination. The inclusion of the essential oil on a superabsorbent was a good way to preserve its herbicidal activity under field conditions as this prevented its rapid evaporation.
Designing Aquifer Model for the Banks of the Serayu River, Sokawera, Somagede, Banyumas, Indonesia by Means of 1D-Electrical Resistivity Data
Authors: Sehah Sehah , Hartono Hartono , Irayani Zaroh , Prabowo Urip Nurwijayanto
Published: December 2021

A geoelectric survey using the 1D-electrical resistivity method was applied to design a groundwater aquifer model for the banks of the Serayu River in Sokawera Village, Somagede District, Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. The aim of this research was to identify the characteristics of aquifers in the research area based on resistivity log data. Acquisition, modeling, and interpretation of resistivity data were carried out and the results were lithological logs at seven sounding points. Correlation between the lithological logs resulted in a hydrostratigraphic model. This model is composed of several hydrological units, i.e. shallow aquifer, aquitard, and deep aquifer. The shallow aquifers are composed of sandy clay (10.81-18.21 Wm) and clayey sand (3.04-7.43 Wm) with a depth of groundwater from the water table to 27.51 m. The deep aquifers are composed of sandstone with variation of porosity (2.24-12.04 Wm) at a depth of more than 54.98 m. Based on this model, potential shallow aquifers were estimated to be at sounding points Sch-5, Sch-6, and Sch-7. This hydrostratigraphic model shows that the two types of aquifers are separated by an aquitard layer, allowing groundwater infiltration from the shallow aquifer to the deep aquifer and vice versa. Moreover, the Serayu riverbanks in this research area are estimated to be a groundwater discharge area.
Die Versicherbarkeit von Geldbußen gegen Verbände
Authors: Decker Timo
Published: December 2021

Die Versicherbarkeit von Geldbußen gegen Verbände, also juristische Personen und Personenvereinigungen, ist im Wesentlichen aus zwei Gründen von hoher praktischer Relevanz. Zum einen sind die Bußgeldrahmen, die Behörden zur Sanktionierung zur Verfügung stehen, in den vergangenen Jahren stetig angehoben worden, beispielsweise im Datenschutz- und im Kartellrecht. Zum anderen steigt vor dem Hintergrund der ARAG-Garmenbeck-Rechtsprechung des BGH die Bereitschaft, Organmitglieder, die für die Geldbußen verantwortlich gemacht werden, in Regress zu nehmen. Beides wirft rechtliche Fragen auf, die zunächst im Arbeits- und im Kartellrecht diskutiert wurden, nun aber unter Geltung der DS-GVO zunehmend auch im Datenschutzrecht eine Rolle spielen, und die in dem vorliegenden Buch behandelt werden.

Zunächst wird untersucht, ob sich ein Verband gegen das Risiko von Geldbußen mit Versicherungsschutz eindecken kann. Dabei spielt eine Rolle, ob eine derartige Versicherung überhaupt bürgerlich-rechtlich zulässig wäre. Auch werden verschiedene Marktbedingungen, die in der Cyberrisiko-Versicherung Deckung für Bußgelder unter dem Vorbehalt der rechtlichen Zulässigkeit versprechen und sich gerade im Hinblick auf die hohe Bußgeldandrohung für datenschutzrechtliche Verstöße nach der DS-GVO starker Nachfrage erfreuen, auf ihre Wirksamkeit hin geprüft.

Daran an schließt sich die Behandlung der Frage, ob der Verband Organmitglieder für verhängte Geldbußen in Regress nehmen kann, was insbesondere im Wettbewerbsrecht im Zusammenhang mit dem sogenannten Schienenkartell intensiv diskutiert wurde, und ob ein solcher Regress in der D&O-Versicherung gedeckt werden könnte.

Das Buch richtet sich an wissenschaftlich Interessierte gleichermaßen wie an Praktiker aus der Versicherungswirtschaft, der Anwaltschaft und der Justiz, die eine Handhabe zur Bewältigung der vielschichtigen rechtlichen Probleme im Zusammenhang mit der Versicherbarkeit von Geldbußen suchen.
Die D&O-Versicherung in Sanierung und Insolvenz
Authors: Schaffer Julia
Published: December 2021

Bedingt durch den Grundsatz des par conditio creditorum, bewirkt der Eintritt der materiellen Insolvenz bei einer juristischen Person eine erhebliche Steigerung der Haftungsrisiken ihrer leitenden Organe. Praktisch besonders bedeutend ist die Haftung wegen Masseschmälerung gemäß § 15b InsO. Zur Vermeidung bedarf es einer strengen Überwachung auf Grundlage einer sorgfältigen Ertrags- und Liquiditätsplanung. Flankierend können persönliche Risiken auch durch den Abschluss einer D&O-Versicherung begrenzt werden. Das Vorhandensein einer D&O-Versicherung kann nach Eröffnung des Insolvenzverfahrens jedoch eine Haftungsinanspruchnahme auch begünstigen. Durch den Versicherer findet der Insolvenzverwalter stets einen liquiden Anspruchsgegner vor. Zudem ist er durch die Gläubigerinteressen obligiert.

Die besonderen Risiken einer Insolvenz kennend, versuchen Versicherer, die Versicherbarkeit der Haftung leitender Organe beherrschbar werden zu lassen. Hierzu wurden unzählige Klauseln erstellt, die das Vertragsvertragsverhältnis, insbesondere mit Blick auf den Fortbestand und den Deckungsumfang, speziell für den Insolvenzfall regeln. Da solche Klauseln den Versicherungsschutz ganz massiv einschränken können, ist ihre Wirksamkeit in Rechtsprechung und Literatur oftmals umstritten.

Gegenstand des Werks ist die Untersuchung der Wirksamkeit solcher insolvenzspezifischer Klauseln. Aufgezeigt werden typische Gefahren, die bei Abschluss eines Versicherungsvertrags, dem Erstellen allgemeiner Versicherungsbedingungen oder der Anspruchsdurchsetzung berücksichtigt werden müssen. Das Buch richtet sich damit an alle Rechtsanwender im Bereich des Versicherungs- und Insolvenzrechts. Dies sind Rechtsanwälte, die auf die Durchsetzung und Abwehr von Haftungs- und Deckungsansprüchen aus der D&O-Versicherung, insbesondere im Fall eines Insolvenzverfahrens, spezialisiert sind. Insbesondere richtet sich das Buch aber auch Sanierungsberater und Insolvenz- bzw. Sachwalter, sowie Inhouse-Juristen von Versicherern, die mit der Erstellung allgemeiner Versicherungsbedingungen zur D&O-Versicherung befasst sind.
Prevalence of Sarcopenia According to the Method Used to Determine Physical Performance
Authors: Sáez Carlos , García-Isidoro Sara
Published: December 2021

Sarcopenia is currently defined as a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder that occurs with advancing age and is associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes. Low levels of measures for muscle strength, muscle quantity, and physical performance define sarcopenia. In this chapter, we will see that the prevalence of a low value of physical performance will be different according to the method used to measure this parameter, and thus, it would be foreseeable to think that the prevalence of sarcopenia will also be different according to the method used. However, despite the differences found in physical performance, we will show that the prevalence of sarcopenia appears to be regardless of the method used for physical performance, and therefore, how is it possible that having a significant difference in the prevalence of physical performance depending on the method chosen, the prevalence of sarcopenia has an almost perfect agreement? To answer these questions, a new simplified model is studied, defining sarcopenia as low muscle strength and low muscle mass and without taking physical performance into account. Finally, we will see that, indeed, physical performance does not seem to be decisive or necessary for the diagnosis of sarcopenia.
Involuntary Unemployment in Diamond-Type Overlapping Generations Models
Authors: Farmer Karl
Published: December 2021

Thus far involuntary unemployment does not occur in Diamond-type Overlapping Generations models. In line with Keynesian macroeconomics, involuntary unemployment is traced back to aggregate demand failures. While macro-economists majority refers aggregate demand failures to sticky prices, a minority attributes lacking aggregate demand to not perfectly flexible aggregate investment. The chapter investigates how an independent aggregate investment function causes involuntary unemployment under perfectly flexible competitive wage and interest rates in a Diamond-type neoclassical growth model with public debt and human capital accumulation. Moreover, it is shown that a higher public debt to output ratio enhances output growth and reduces involuntary unemployment.
Carotenoids as Natural Colorful Additives for the Food Industry
Authors: Lourenço-Lopes Catarina , Carreira-Casais Anxo , Fraga-Corral Maria , Garcia-Oliveira Paula , Soria Antón , Jarboui Amira , Barral Marta , Otero Paz , Simal-Gandara Jesus , A. Prieto Miguel
Published: December 2021

The application of natural colorants is increasing in the food industry because they are considered safer and healthier than some synthetic pigments. Natural colorants can improve the organoleptic properties of foodstuffs, provide additional benefits such as enhance their nutritional value and/or extend shelf-life. Plants, fungi, bacteria or algae naturally produce different natural colorants, including carotenoids. These compounds are classified into two main groups: pure hydrocarbon carotenes (α- and β-carotenes, lycopene) and oxygenated derivatives of xanthophylls (lutein, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, cryptoxanthin, etc.). Carotenoids have been related with beneficial properties like antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor or antimicrobial, so they are a natural and healthy alternative to the use of synthetic colorants. Thus, it is critical to optimize their extraction, by utilizing novel and green techniques, and their stability through encapsulation processes. This chapter aims to review natural sources of carotenoids, strategies to efficiently extract and produce them and their potential application as food colorants.
ESG for SMEs: Can the Proposal 2021/0104 for a European Directive Help in the Early Detection of a Crisis?
Authors: Riva Patrizia , Comoli Maurizio , Garelli Ambra
Published: December 2021

With the proposal for a European Directive 2021/0104, the number of entities who will be required to prepare a non-financial statement (NFS) has been broadened. The directive provides that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may also voluntarily opt for drawing up a non-financial statement. It is therefore important to identify reporting standards containing key performance indicators (KPIs), tailored to the characteristics and structure of SMEs. In addition to the potential advantages in terms of improvement in relationships with stakeholders, NFI could be relevant for an early diagnosis of crisis signals therefore, an early warning behavior. This paper, therefore, aims to analyze how non-financial information can be a valuable aid to all governance players in identifying those first signs of crisis. In Italy, Organismo Italiano Business Reporting (OIBR) is drafting a document that promotes the use and communication of non-financial information on the part of SMEs with the dual objective of demonstrating that corporate governance structure on the one hand, and management and accounting tools on the other should be adequately designed and functioning so as to prevent a company’s exposure to the risk of failing to operate as a going concern.
Evaluation and Quantification of Anionic Surfactant in the Gomti River at Lucknow City, India
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Sahu Pokhraj , K. Singh Pramod , K. Shukla Nishi , Mishra Devendra P. , Markandeya
Published: December 2021

In this paper, an attempt has been made to check the level of surfactants particularly in drinking water, which can lead to toxicity in human body system. In this study, a total of 10 locations were selected to enumerate the concentration of surfactants and other physicochemical parameters with metals in the flowing water of river during pre-monsoon 2019. Analyzed result showed that the concentration of surfactants was significantly high and other parameters were also high. It was also found that river at the vicinity of town areas or midstream in the Lucknow city contained high amount of an anionic surfactants due to the nonpoint sources generated by human activities, low concentration was found in upstream, and average concentration was found in downstream, showing natural degradation of surfactants. The values of other parameters were higher than the prescribed limit, which is the serious problem for human being.
Traditional Games: Socialization and Culture in Kabylie
Authors: Dodoo Soraya
Published: December 2021

Traditional games are an important patrimony of the world’s recreational cultural heritage. However, they remain little valued, even neglected to the detriment of sports. This study focuses on traditional games in Kabylie, and the process of socialization through the games.This reveals valuable information on the structures underlying traditional games, and their ethno-motor. A study that associate two fields. The world of bodily practices and the world of Ethnology. Two different worlds that share one reality which is traditional games.
Beyond the Bank: Justice, Injustice, and Black Reparations
Authors: Torrey John ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2021

In this article, I provide an overview of the arguments for reparations for Black Americans, a topic that has gained significant steam in recent years, and offer a criticism of how reparations are commonly understood as financial compensation. I begin by providing the basic argument in support for reparations: Systemic racial injustices committed against Black Americans violated their rights; these violations should be considered an ongoing, enduring injustice; and such violations require restitution in the form of reparations. I argue that there are unforeseen problematic results of economic-repair-centered reparations programs, most concerning that the resources offered ignore the social or economic status of large portions of the Black communities they acknowledge harming. Offering two legislative attempts at reparations as examples, I argue that reparatory policies for Black Americans should utilize the framework of rectificatory justice in order to best attempt to set an unjust situation right.
Trace of islamic epigraphics in Pirot
Authors: Ibrić Sead
Published: December 2021

This study is focused on the remains of Islamic tombstones (nišani) which are currently located in the front yard of the Pirot Museum of Ponišavlje. Among other exhibits, the museum has 14 of these tombstones, or their remaining parts, with accompanying labels on display. They date back to the period of the Turkish rein, which lasted since 1385/86 to 1877, with short periods of break. In this study, the images of these tombstones have been provided, followed by their Arabic and Latin transcripts and appropriate translation into Serbian. Firstly, the study presents the texts from the tombstone labels, which, although mostly incomplete, still unravels some data and phrases useful for drawing conclusions about who some of the well-respected figures in Pirot in the 18th and 19th centuries were and what their tombstones looked like.
Retrocessos autoritários na atual crise da democracia brasileira
Authors: Gabardo Emerson , Brepohl Marion , Gonçalves Marcos
Published: December 2021

O artigo analisa a crise democrática vivida pelo Brasil a partir da segunda década do século XXI. O objetivo é investigar como este período histórico pode ser caracterizado. O texto assevera ser inapropriado entender o Brasil sem observar sua histórica desconfiança na democracia e falta de compromisso com o Estado de Direito. A pesquisa parte do pressuposto que a modernização brasileira na transição do século XX para o século XXI foi um processo ambíguo, porém com conquistas importantes. A mentalidade autoritária e a lacuna em termos de qualidade da participação política, todavia, são fatores de permanência estrutural. A hipótese é que o Brasil está vivenciando um momento específico, caracterizado pelo despertar de uma mentalidade autoritária e conservadora que impacta tanto no Estado quanto na sociedade civil. A metodologia da pesquisa baseia-se em uma discussão bibliográfica, com aportes na história, na ciência política e no Direito. Os assuntos são discutidos em termos teóricos para compreender os problemas relacionados com o hiato de participação política, a desigualdade entre os cidadãos, e as dificuldades da cultura cívica (principalmente no ambiente digital), bem como algumas fragilidades inerentes à própria performance democrática. Partindo da ideia de que a cultura cívica influencia as instituições e estas, por sua vez, impactam a cultura cívica, o Brasil hoje vive um retrocesso político e cultural. Ao contrário do que se poderia imaginar há alguns anos, o processo de modernização social brasileiro está ameaçado em suas conquistas mais importantes, o que implica um perigo aos valores que sustentam a democracia.
Palavras-chave: autoritarismo; democracia brasileira; cultura política; participação política; estado de direito.
Teléfonos móviles, redes sociales y praxis en adolescentes
Authors: Hernández-Ortega José , Rayón-Rumayor Laura
Published: December 2021

El binomio teléfonos móvil y RRSS en la adolescencia transciende lo tecnológico. Las prácticas de uso tan habituales en su vida cotidiana son ubicuas, pero relativamente invisibles para docentes y familias. Un conocimiento necesario para marcar una hoja de ruta en el diseño de propuestas educativas mediadas por tecnologías móviles. Mediante un estudio descriptivo longitudinal cuantitativo, se identifican niveles de uso y comportamiento con los teléfonos móviles en una muestra (N=645) escolar en ESO-Bachillerato, prestando especial atención a qué aplicaciones son las más empleadas, y el tiempo de uso en función del género y nivel educativo. Los resultados evidencian que el teléfono móvil no se percibe como un sistema de almacenamiento de información, se emplea con una finalidad comunicativa (RRSS) de las que se nutren las aplicaciones de edición de imagen (fotografía-vídeo) y consumo de audiovisuales (vídeos-música). En el segundo año de ESO hay un incremento de aplicaciones y de tiempo empleado frente al móvil. Las diferencias de género suponen brechas significativas en cuanto al uso de RRSS, y el valor de la imagen un punto axiomático en ello. Una praxis que evidencia las amenazas que suscita su empleo, y el reto de diseñar una alfabetización digital ambiciosa que contemple usos responsables de las RRSS, conocimiento sumo informado de los contenidos digitales y la introducción de escenarios comunicativos multimodales para crear y compartir.

The association of mobile phones and social networks during adolescence surpasses technological considerations. These practices, while extremely common and ubiquitous in adolescents’ daily lives, are relatively invisible to teachers and families. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a roadmap in the design of educational proposals enhanced by mobile technologies. Through a quantitative longitudinal descriptive study, levels of use and behavior with mobile phones are identified in a sample (N=645) of Secondary School and Baccalaureate students. Special attention, which we disaggregate by gender and education level, is paid to the most commonly used apps and to time of use. Results show that the mobile phone is not only identified as an information storage system, but it is also used for a communicative purpose (social media) which is supported by image editing applications (photography-video) and audiovisual consumption (videos- music). In the second year of Secondary Education there is an increase in the use of apps and in the time spent using mobile phones. There are significant differences in relation to gender in the use of social media, being the value of the image an axiomatic point in this difference. Results show the threats inherent in the use of mobile phones and highlight the challenges when it comes to designing an ambitious praxis of digital literacy that contemplates responsible uses of social media, highly informed knowledge of digital content and the introduction of multimodal communication scenarios that favour sharing creative processes.
Hombres que ejercen violencia contra las mujeres: un análisis interdisciplinar
Authors: Sambade Baquerín Iván
Published: December 2021

Este artículo es una revisión de uno de los estudios más relevantes sobre los hombres que ejercen violencia machista realizados desde la psicología social y la teoría del apego, a la luz de la filosofía política y la sociología feminista del conocimiento. Propone, por lo tanto, una apuesta por el enfoque interdisciplinar en el estudio de la conducta humana. Desde este enclave, el trabajo se centra en el análisis de las relaciones sistémicas entre el estado vigente de la estructura patriarcal de poder, la socialización de género de los hombres y la violencia machista contra las mujeres.
HYDROGELS FROM POLYACRYLIC ACID FOR REDUCTION OF BIOADHESION ON SILICONE CONTACT LENSES
Authors: Ademović Zahida , Marić Snježana , Kingshott Peter , Iličković Zoran
Published: December 2021

Contact lenses suffer from two limitations: low oxygen permeability and deposition of protein and lipids. In order to prevent bioadhesion, surface must be completely inert to all biological reactions. To achieve this, surface properties must be tailored. Also, to improve comfort, surface must be highly wettable and lubricous. In this paper the surface of silicone contact lenses was modified by plasma induced copolymerization of acrylic acid. A wettable surface was generated and in addition carboxyl groups that were created on the surface provided an ideal reactive platform for subsequent grafting of polyethylene glycol. Each surface modification step was analysed by XPS and contact angle measurements. Lysozyme adsorption on modified silicone contact lenses was analysed by surface-MALDI-ToF-MS and XPS. After incubation with lysozyme, surface-MALDI-TOF-MS and XPS analysis showed a reduction of adsorbed lysozyme on hydrogel modified contact lenses. Surface modification of silicone with PEG is a method for reduction of protein adsorption on contact lenses.
RETENTION BEHAVIOR AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF N-SUBSTITUTED-2-PHENYLACETAMIDE DERIVATES
Authors: Vaštag Đenđi , Apostolov Suzana , Matijević Borko , Nakomčić Jelena , Marinković Aleksandar
Published: December 2021

Phenylacetamide derivatives are a group of compounds that exhibit a wide range of biological activities as analgetic, anticonvulsant, pesticide, cytostatic. It is well known that the biological activity and the field of activity of the substance are greatly dependent on its physical, chemical and structural properties. In this paper, we applied QSRR analysis (Quantitative Structure Retention Relationships), which is based on the prediction of biological properties of compounds based on their chromatographic retention behaviors. To that end, retention constants of investigated N-substituted-2-phenylacetamide were determined by reversed phase thin-layer chromatography, (HPTLC RP18 F254s) in the presence of different volume fractions of n-propanol and tetrahydrofuran. The resulting data were correlated with molecular descriptors determined in different ways in order to establish the mathematical model that describes the relationship between retention properties and biological activities of investigated phenylacetamides.
Single-cell-level protein analysis revealing the roles of autoantigen-reactive B lymphocytes in autoimmune disease and the murine model
Authors: Fukasawa Takemichi , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Ebata Satoshi , Yoshizaki-Ogawa Asako , Asano Yoshihide , Enomoto Atsushi , Miyagawa Kiyoshi , Kazoe Yutaka , Mawatari Kazuma , Kitamori Takehiko , Sato Shinichi
Published: December 2021

Despite antigen affinity of B cells varying from cell to cell, functional analyses of antigen-reactive B cells on individual B cells are missing due to technical difficulties. Especially in the field of autoimmune diseases, promising pathogenic B cells have not been adequately studied to date because of its rarity. In this study, functions of autoantigen-reactive B cells in autoimmune disease were analyzed at the single-cell level. Since topoisomerase I is a distinct autoantigen, we targeted systemic sclerosis as autoimmune disease. Decreased and increased affinities for topoisomerase I of topoisomerase I-reactive B cells led to anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokine production associated with the inhibition and development of fibrosis, which is the major symptom of systemic sclerosis. Furthermore, inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and increased affinity of topoisomerase I-reactive B cells suppressed fibrosis. These results indicate that autoantigen-reactive B cells contribute to the disease manifestations in autoimmune disease through their antigen affinity.
Wretched Subjectivity
Authors: Jissov Milen
Published: December 2021

This article rethinks critically a landmark work of the twentieth century—The Captive Mind, by Nobel laureate Czesław Miłosz. Published in 1953, the book sought to understand human subjectivity, or, as it put it, “how the human mind functions,” in Cold-War Eastern Europe. I argue that, while probing what Western intellectuals of that time saw as the historical novelty of totalitarianism, Miłosz formulates an analysis that is rather retro. He represents Eastern Europe in terms of colonialism and imperialism—as a colonized realm and a colonized mind. What is more, he casts his representation in the terms of what Edward Said famously called “Orientalism”—producing a distorted, Orientalist work. Finally, while intimating hope for overcoming Eastern Europe’s domination, Miłosz shows that hope as illusory.
Ф. М. Достоевский – 200 лет со дня рождения
Authors: Egeberg Erik
Published: December 2021

This article explores two Norwegian publications related to Dostoevskij, both of which were published in 1922. In his doctoral dissertation, Martin Gran, who was the first scholar in Norway to defend a dissertation in the field of Slavic studies, discussed the works of the young Dostoevskij. The second publication under scrutiny is Erik Krag’s novel Ottar Wreike, which shows influence from Dostoevskij’s Raskol’nikov.
Digital competences in Nordic teacher education
Authors: Lisborg Sanne , Daphne Händel Vici , Schrøder Vibeke , Middelboe Rehder Mads
Published: December 2021

We investigate how digital competences are being integrated into teacher education (TE) across the Nordic countries - Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland in this article. We make the case that there has been an expansion of the agenda for digital competences in education. Digital competences have developed from an information and communication technology perspective to also include a critical, social, and creative understanding of digital technologies and computing competences. Methodologically, we make use of doc-ument analyses, qualitative questionnaires, and interviews with participants in the field. With an emphasis on Danish TE, we explore how TE in the Nordic countries has responded to this agenda on policy and institutional levels. We suggest that the Danish approach to the expanded agenda can augment tendencies and challenges in Nordic responses to digitalisation in TE. A key finding is that Nordic countries respond to the expanded agenda in different ways regarding policy regulation, content areas, and how digital com-petences are organised and distributed on a local level. Tendencies and challenges identified across Nordic countries are valuable to ensure the continual development of teachers’ digital competences.
Moralsk kasuistikk i politiarbeid
Authors: Paulsen Jens Erik
Published: December 2021

Politiarbeid styres av lover og regler, prosedyrer og i noen grad «tiltakskort» for enkelte situasjoner. Likevel befinner politibetjenter seg relativt ofte i situasjoner som er moralsk sett krevende og der veiledningen er sparsommelig. Norsk politi har nokså vid adgang til å utøve skjønn, og det eksisterer et uttalt ønske om å styrke den moralske refleksjonen og beredskapen systematisk. I denne artikkelen undersøkes styrker og svakheter ved å benytte kasuistisk metode for å håndtere moralske konflikter i politipraksis, basert på sentrale bidrag fra forskningslitteraturen omkring dette temaet. I beskrivelsen av kasuistisk metodikk beskrives den praktiske og teoretiske kompetansen som kreves for bruken og dannelsen av såkalte paradigmer. Selv om dannelsen av paradigmer i noen grad kan sies å begrense betjentenes rom for skjønnsutøvelse, konkluderer artikkelen med at dette oppveies ved at metoden gir en høyere grad av profesjonalitet, forutsigbarhet og yrkesetisk kompetanse i politietaten. Selve det kasuistiske arbeidet bidrar dessuten til å gi tjenestepersonene et bredere syn på moralsk krevende situasjoner.
The Relationships among Social Support, Bowel Function Symptoms and Uncertainty in Rectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Lee Kyungmi , Lim Semi
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This study examined the mediating effect of bowel function symptoms in the relationship between social support and uncertainty in rectal cancer patients.Methods: In total, 132 rectal cancer patients were recruited online. Data were collected from October 1, 2020 to October 31, 2020 using on-line questionnaires and were analyzed using the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients and bootstrapping for mediation.Results: Social support had a significant and positive effect on bowel function symptoms and a negative effect on uncertainty. Bowel function symptoms had a significant negative effect on uncertainty; and showed a statistically significant mediating effect in the relationship between social support and uncertainty. In other words, social support had direct and indirect effects on uncertainty.Conclusion: In rectal cancer patients, social support attenuated bowel function symptoms and showed direct and indirect effects on uncertainty. Therefore, to increase the social support of rectal cancer patients, the patients’ family, friends, and meaningful others should be involved in providing nursing. In order to reduce bowel function symptoms, which have a mediating effect, rectal cancer patients need to be well aware of the symptoms of bowel function that change after surgery. Systematic pre- and post- operative education would be help reduce uncertainty.
La prueba de la inocencia y las defensas probatorias: en el caso de la revisión
Authors: Carbonell Bellolio Flavia , Valenzuela Saldias Jonatan
Published: December 2021

A partir de una conceptualización del razonamiento defensivo en los procesos judiciales, el trabajo analiza el rol de las defensas probatorias en el proceso penal. Dentro de este tipo de defensas, la alegación de la inocencia en el contexto de la acción de revisión revive la discusión teórica sobre los distintos estándares probatorios disponibles en el proceso penal. El estudio de la práctica de la Corte Suprema chilena sobre este punto, a su vez, revela algunas contradicciones y problemas de sobrevaloración de la prueba científica aportada para probar la inocencia de una persona (erróneamente) condenada por sentencia firme. Este trabajo persigue mostrar la necesidad de contar con un estándar probatorio para la inocencia que sirva de coordenada para su prueba en la revisión en particular y en el proceso penal en general.
Derecho urbanístico y exclusión social
Authors: Gil Mc Cawley Diego , Bucarey Ilabaca Nicolas
Published: December 2021

Este artículo explora la relación entre el derecho urbanístico y procesos de exclusión social, a través del análisis de tres conflictos urbanos recientemente producidos a propósito del intento de construir viviendas sociales en comunas de altos y medianos ingresos en Santiago, Chile. Los casos descritos dan cuenta de algunos aspectos de la práctica del derecho urbanístico que constituyen fuertes obstáculos para la promoción de viviendas sociales en barrios bien localizados. El artículo sugiere que el derecho urbanístico chileno no cuenta con herramientas suficientes para contrarrestar procesos de exclusión social urbana en favor del interés público que representa la generación de viviendas sociales adecuadamente integradas en la ciudad.
Legitimidad del sistema chileno de justicia penal negociada a la luz de la jurisprudencia internacional de derechos humanos
Authors: Oliver Calderón Guillermo , Correa Urmeneta Tomas
Published: December 2021

En este trabajo, se revisa jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos sobre justicia penal negociada, se extrae de ella criterios de legitimidad de dicha forma de juzgamiento de delitos y se analiza el grado de cumplimiento de tales criterios en el sistema procesal penal chileno.
La publicidad engañosa en la ley 19.496 sobre protección de los derechos a los consumidores: un intento de sistematización desde el moderno derechos de contratos
Authors: De la Maza Gazmuri Iñigo , López Díaz Patricia Veronica
Published: December 2021

La publicidad engañosa se presenta de forma desordenada en la Ley 19.496 sobre Protección de los Derechos de los Consumidores (LPC), dificultando su comprensión. Resulta posible una sistematización que presente las cosas de una manera más clara y ordenada. El intento que ofrecemos se nutre del Derecho de contratos, específicamente del incumplimiento contractual y sus remedios. De una parte, proponemos una noción amplia y neutra de publicidad engañosa, de otra, la caracterización como efectos de ciertos fenómenos adyacentes a ella.
Peligro concreto y peligro abstracto. Una contribución a la teoría general de la parte especial del derecho penal
Authors: Mañalich R. Juan Pablo
Published: December 2021

El artículo ofrece una reconstrucción de las categorías de peligro concreto y peligro abstracto como modalidades de menoscabo irreductibles a la lesión de un bien jurídico. Tras presentar una caracterización del peligro concreto y del peligro abstracto fundada en una redefinición de la noción general de peligro como un concepto práctico, se muestra que la protección dispensada frente a una y otra forma de peligro puede entenderse como una neutralización deóntica del azar situacional, para entonces introducir la distinción entre la protección especial y la protección general de un bien jurídico individual. El trabajo se cierra con una defensa de la categorización de los llamados “delitos de aptitud” y “delitos de efecto cumulativo” como especies de delito de peligro abstracto.
CULTURES OF EMPIRE: RETHINKING VENETIAN RULE, 1400–1700: ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF BENJAMIN ARBEL / ED. BY G. CHRIST, F.-J. MORCHE. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2020. XXXII+484 p. (The Medieval Mediterranean: Peoples, Economies and Cultures, 400–1500; Vol. 122).
Authors: Рябова М.А.
Published: December 2021

Рецензируемый сборник содержит материалы семинара, который состоялся в 2015 г. в Венеции и был организован в честь выдающегося историка Б. Арбеля. Представленные исследования посвящены истории Венецианской морской империи в период раннего Нового времени, причем особое внимание уделяется осмыслению природы этого государственного образования, повседневным практикам его существования и институциональной среде венецианских владений в Восточном Средиземноморье. 15 статей, написанных специалистами в данной области, охватывают широкий круг тем, включая репрезентацию власти, формы политической коммуникации, распространение новостей, правовой статус физических лиц и кораблей, социальные сети, культурные и религиозные идентичности, миграции, механизмы передачи знания и перемещение материальных объектов. Рецензент дает сборнику высокую оценку, отмечая глубину анализа исторических источников и поиск новых подходов к решению поставленных проблем.
ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗ МНОЖЕСТВЕННЫХ ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЙ: ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗ ОРГАНОВ ДЫХАНИЯ С ПОРАЖЕНИЕМ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ, "Вестник Центрального научно-исследовательского института туберкулеза"
Authors: Лебедева Д.В. , Полякова А.С.
Published: December 2021

Введение. Несмотря на улучшения эпидемической ситуации в России по туберкулезу (ТБ), показатели заболеваемости остаются на значительном уровне. За 2019 г. показатель общей заболеваемости ТБ составлял 41,2 на 100 000 населения, что на 3,2 человека меньше, чем в 2018 г. (44,4 на 100 000 населения). Однако среди заболевших высока доля пациентов молодого возраста (18–44 года) – 59,3%, причем пик заболеваемости приходится на возраст 35–44 года. В России продолжается рост доли ТБ с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью (МЛУ) микобактерии туберкулеза (МБТ). В 2019 г. доля впервые выявленного ТБ с МЛУ МБТ достигла 32,8%, а у больных с рецидивом – 53,8%. Показатель первичной МЛУ МБТ за последние 10 лет вырос в 2 раза, а показатель МЛУ МБТ у больных с рецидивом – в 1,6 раз. Наблюдается неблагоприятная тенденция развития ТБ с широкой лекарственной устойчивостью (ШЛУ) за последние 4 года. В 2019 г. доля зарегистрированных случаев с ШЛУ МБТ составила 36,3% относительно зарегистрированных случаев впервые выявленных пациентов и случаев лечения рецидивов ТБ с МЛУ МБТ. Существенно повышается заболеваемость ТБ у иммунокомпрометированных пациентов, в частности, пациентов с ВИЧ-инфекцией. Заболеваемость внелегочным ТБ составляет 1,1 человек на 100 000 населения, что составляет 2,7% от общей заболеваемости ТБ. Специфическое поражение центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) встречается в пределах 0,1–0,2 на 100 000 населения, что составляет примерно 9–18% от общего числа заболеваемости внелегочным ТБ (Нечаева О.Б., 2019 г.). Зачастую ТБ ЦНС не является изолированным и развивается на фоне активного ТБ других внутренних органов, преимущественно легких. Среди взрослых наблюдается преобладание заболеваемости ТБ ЦНС в молодом возрасте, преимущественно в возрасте 35–44 лет, при этом существенного гендерного различия не отмечается (Галкин В.Б. и др., 2018). Цель исследования: изучение особенностей течения ТБ органов дыхания, протекающего с поражением ЦНС, особенностей диагностики и лечения данной патологии.
ERA Acute – Extending an Environmental Risk Assessment Model to the Marginal Ice Zone
Authors: Stephansen Cathrine , Brude Odd Willy , Bjørgesæter Anders , Brönner Ute , Waterloo Tonje Rogstad , Kjeilen-Eilertsen Grethe
Published: December 2021

ERA Acute is a globally applicable method and software tool for environmental risk assessment (ERA) of acute oil spills (Stephansen et. al, 2017a and 2017b; Libre et al, 2018), and is to be implemented as the new industry standard ERA methodology on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS). This paper describes the proposed adaptation and further development of the established ERA Acute method to enhance the functionality for ERA of acute oil spills in the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ).

Due to the highly dynamic nature of the MIZ, the pilot ERA Acute MIZ proposes to use high temporal resolution data on ice concentrations and presence of Valued Ecosystem Components (VECs) in newly developed functions to calculate impacts in the MIZ.

Based on literature and preliminary sensitivity tests; parameter values and risk functions have been proposed for the MIZ (ice concentrations in intervals between 10–80 %). The functions reflect that presence of ice reduces the available space for surface activities; foraging, diving, entering and exiting the water and concentrates the oil in the same space between ice floes. These functions will now be further revised, tested and implemented in a software tool. This paper presents the proposed ERA Acute MIZ methodology.
The importance of well-developed Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) operational procedures in improving surveillance operations in oil spill response
Authors: Januszewska Marta , Pringle James
Published: December 2021

Abstract: 1141599

To utilise UAV's through contracted service providers required the creation of established and standardised operating protocols that can be mobilised to fulfil specific roles in spill response. As part of the process OSRL looked at the typical operating parameters of commercially available UAV's . Through engaging with UAV provides, working with industry partners, and carrying out field trials, OSRL was able to identify applications, develop procedures and prove them in-field and trial them on exercise and spills.