bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of CCDC to produce the LCMAP Collection 1.0 annual land surface change product
Authors: Xian George , Smith Kelcy , Wellington Danika , Horton Josephine , Zhou Qiang , Li Congcong , Auch Roger , Brown Jesslyn , Zhu Zhe , Reker Ryan
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The increasing availability of high-quality remote sensing data and advanced technologies have spurred land cover mapping to characterize land change from local to global scales. However, most land change datasets either span multiple decades at a local scale or cover limited time over a larger geographic extent. Here, we present a new land cover and land surface change dataset created by the Land Change Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) program over the conterminous United States (CONUS). The LCMAP land cover change dataset consists of annual land cover and land cover change products over the period 1985–2017 at 30-meter resolution using Landsat and other ancillary data via the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm. In this paper, we describe our novel approach to implement the CCDC algorithm to produce the LCMAP product suite composed of five land cover and five land surface change related products. The LCMAP land cover products were validated using a collection of ~25,000 reference samples collected independently across CONUS. The overall agreement for all years of the LCMAP primary land cover product reached 82.5 %. The LCMAP products are produced through the LCMAP Information Warehouse and Data Store (IW+DS) and Shared Mesos Cluster systems that can process, store, and deliver all datasets for public access. To our knowledge, this is the first set of published 30 m annual land cover and land cover change datasets that span from the 1980s to the present for the United States. The LCMAP product suite provides useful information for land resource management and facilitates studies to improve the understanding of terrestrial ecosystems and the complex dynamics of the Earth system. The LCMAP system could be implemented to produce global land change products in the future.
High-definition spatial distribution maps of on-road transport exhaust emissions in Chile, 1990–2020
Authors: Osses Mauricio , Rojas Néstor , Ibarra Cecilia , Valdebenito Víctor , Laengle Ignacio , Pantoja Nicolás , Osses Darío , Basoa Kevin , Tolvett Sebastián , Huneeus Nicolás , Gallardo Laura , Gómez Benjamín
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This description paper presents a detailed and consistent estimate and analysis of exhaust pollutant emissions generated by Chile's road transport activity for the period 1990–2020. The complete database for the period 1990–2020 is available at doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/z69m8xm843.2. Emissions are provided at high-spatial resolution (0.01° × 0.01°) over continental Chile from 18.5 S to 53.2 S, including local pollutants (CO, VOC, NOx, MP2.5), black carbon (BC) and greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4). The methodology considers 70 vehicle types, based on ten vehicle categories, subdivided into two fuel types and seven emission standards. Vehicle activity was calculated based on official databases of vehicle records and vehicle flow counts. Fuel consumption was calculated based on vehicle activity and contrasted with fuel sales, to calibrate the initial dataset. Emission factors come mainly from COPERT 5, adapted to local conditions in the 15 political regions of Chile, based on emission standards and fuel quality. While vehicle fleet has grown fivefold between 1990 and 2020, CO2 emissions had followed this trend at a lower rate and emissions of local pollutants have decreased, due to stricter abatement technologies, better fuel quality and enforcement of emission standards. In other words, there has been decoupling between fleet growth and emissions’ rate of change. Results were contrasted with EDGAR datasets, showing similarities in CO2 estimations and striking differences in PM, BC and CO; in the case of NOx and CH4 there is coincidence only until 2008. In all cases of divergent results, EDGAR estimates higher emissions.
SNICAR-AD v3: A Community Tool for Modeling Spectral Snow Albedo
Authors: Flanner Mark G. , Arnheim Julian , Cook Joseph M. , Dang Cheng , He Cenlin , Huang Xianglei , Singh Deepak , Skiles S. McKenzie , Whicker Chloe A. , Zender Charles S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The Snow, Ice, and Aerosol Radiative (SNICAR) model has been used in various capacities over the last 15 years to model the spectral albedo of snow with light-absorbing constituents (LAC). Recent studies have extended the model to include an adding-doubling two-stream solver and representations of non-spherical ice particles, carbon dioxide snow, snow algae, and new types of mineral dust, volcanic ash, and brown carbon. New options also exist for ice refractive indices and solar zenith angle-dependent surface spectral irradiances used to derive broadband albedo. The model spectral range was also extended deeper into the ultraviolet for studies of extraterrestrial and high-altitude cryospheric surfaces. Until now, however, these improvements and capabilities have not been merged into a unified code base. Here, we document the formulation and evaluation of the publicly-available SNICAR-ADv3 source code, web-based model, and accompanying library of particle optical properties. The use of non-spherical ice grains, which scatter less strongly into the forward direction, reduce the simulated albedo perturbations from LAC by ~9–31 %, depending on which of the three available non-spherical shapes are applied. The model compares very well against measurements of snow albedo from seven studies, though key properties affecting snow albedo are not fully constrained with measurements, including ice effective grain size of the top sub-millimeter of the snowpack, mixing state of LAC with respect to ice grains, and site-specific LAC optical properties. The new default ice refractive indices produce extremely high pure snow albedo (> 0.99) in the blue and ultraviolet part of the spectrum, with such values measured so far only in Antarctica. More work is needed particularly in the representation of snow algae, including experimental verification of how different pigment expressions and algal cell concentrations affect snow albedo. Representations and measurements of the influence of liquid water on spectral snow albedo are also needed.
Methodological and conceptual challenges in rare and severe event forecast-verification
Authors: Ebert Philip Alexander , Milne Peter
Published: August 2021

Abstract. There are distinctive methodological and conceptual challenges in rare and severe event (RSE) forecast-verification, that is, in the assessment of the quality of forecasts involving natural hazards such as avalanches or tornadoes. While some of these challenges have been discussed since the inception of the discipline in the 1880s, there is no consensus about how to assess RSE forecasts. This article offers a comprehensive and critical overview of the many different measures used to capture the quality of an RSE forecast and argues that there is only one proper skill score for RSE forecast-verification. We do so by first focusing on the relationship between accuracy and skill and show why skill is more important than accuracy in the case of RSE forecast-verification. Subsequently, we motivate three adequacy constraints for a proper measure of skill in RSE forecasting. We argue that the Peirce Skill Score is the only score that meets all three adequacy constraints. We then show how our theoretical investigation has important practical implications for avalanche forecasting by discussing a recent study in avalanche forecast-verification using the nearest neighbour method. Lastly, we raise what we call the “scope challenge" that affects all forms of RSE forecasting and highlight how and why the proper skill measure is important not only for local binary RSE forecasts but also for the assessment of different diagnostic tests widely used in avalanche risk management and related operations. Finally, our discussion is also of relevance to the thriving research project of designing methods to assess the quality of regional multi-categorical avalanche forecasts.
Vertical-axis wind-turbine computations using a 2D hybrid wake actuator-cylinder model
Authors: Martinez-Ojeda Edgar , Solorio Ordaz Francisco Javier , Sen Mihir
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The actuator-cylinder model was implemented in OpenFOAM by virtue of source terms in the Navier–Stokes equations. Since the stand-alone actuator cylinder is not able to properly model the wake of a vertical-axis wind turbine, the steady incompressible flow solver simpleFoam provided by OpenFOAM was used to resolve the entire flow and wakes of the turbines. The source terms are only applied inside a certain region of the computational domain, namely a finite-thickness cylinder which represents the flight path of the blades. One of the major advantages of this approach is its implicitness – that is, the velocities inside the hollow cylinder region feed the stand-alone actuator-cylinder model (AC); this in turn computes the volumetric forces and passes them to the OpenFOAM solver in order to be applied inside the hollow cylinder region. The process is repeated in each iteration of the solver until convergence is achieved. The model was compared against experimental works; wake deficits and power coefficients are used in order to assess the validity of the model. Overall, there is a good agreement of the pattern of the power coefficients according to the positions of the turbines in the array. The actual accuracy of the power coefficient depends strongly on the solidity of the turbine (actuator cylinder related) and both the inlet boundary turbulence intensity and turbulence length scale (RANS simulation related).
Dictionary of French Family Names in North America
Authors: Lapierre André
Published: August 2021

Dictionary of French Family Names in North America. By Marc Picard. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2020. Pp xxvi + 719. ISBN:1-5275-5853-3; ISBN13: 978-1-5275-5853-3. £80.99 (Paperback).
Naming, Identity, and Tourism
Authors: Nick I. M.
Published: August 2021

Naming, Identity, and Tourism. Edited by Luisa Caiazzo, Richard Coates, and Maoz Azaryahu. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2020. Pp. vii + 233. £61.99. ISBN 13: 978-1-5275-4286-0.
A Hybrid Approach for Recognition of Hand Written Devnagri Compound Characters
Authors: Yawalkar Prashant , Kharat M. U.
Published: August 2021

Being an effective tool in the world of communication, numerous techniques have been developed for documenting the handwritten text. Few of the exceptional techniques describe the environment of handwritten scripts and further convert it into electronic data by implementing various algorithms. Devnagri is one of the widely used scripts for most popular and commonly used languages like Marathi and Hindi. Recent development in the field of handwritten character recognition based on different methodologies like neural network, fuzzy logic, and deep neural networks has shown remarkable improvement in character recognition accuracy from 75% to 96%. We propose a fuzzy-Neural hybrid approach for recognition of hand written Devnagri compound character that uses a rotation invariant rule-based thinning algorithm as one of the major pre-processing activity. Thinning the characters to their central line, preserving the shape of the character are the distinctive features of thinning algorithm. Concurrent application of different rules to each pixel of the character image results into symmetrical thinning as well as improves the overall speed of the system. The system is trained using Neural Network where the weights are optimized using fuzzy rules improving the accuracy of the system.Results obtained for the fuzzy-neural based system with thinning helps in preserving the topology of the characters written in Devnagri and prove that accuracy of the system has stabilized in the band of 92-97% which was fluctuating in the band of 89-94% for the previously implemented systems. The system also shows a substantial improvement in accuracy for recognition of compound characters in comparison with our previously implemented system.
A descriptive study of the thumb/finger-sucking behavior of female and male subjects three years and older
Authors:   Southwest Missouri State University, Fohn Stacie
Published: August 2021

Statement of the Problem: The purpose of this study was to obtain information regarding the prevalence of thumb-sucking behavior, assess typical situations in which the behavior occurs, identify what the child is feeling when the behavior occurs, and explore the purpose of the behavior.
PREDICT: Principles of Good Mining Checklist
Authors: Mayes Robyn , Hurst Bree , Hine Amelia
Published: August 2021

CONTEXT: Social Licence to Operate (SLO) encompasses the broad socio-political understanding on the part of multiple stakeholders that a mining operation’s social and environmental impacts and measures are legitimate and acceptable. The multiple and variously interacting stakeholder groups— local communities, environmental actors, Indigenous communities, regulators, local governments, industry peak bodies, financiers, affiliated businesses—have the proven capacity to confer and/or disrupt a mining operation’s SLO. The presence or absence of a SLO can have significant consequences not only for stakeholder groups, including the mining operation, but also for the shared development of a good mining future. Conceptualisation of what is ‘good mining’ is central to future planning and decisions around development, adoption and reception of new technologies and sustainable mining futures. CHECKLIST PURPOSE This first of its kind tool seeks to facilitate genuine multistakeholder interactions and development of a dynamic shared SLO to advance good mining.
Gestión tecnológica estratégica: uso del ecosistema de la web social 2.0 en educación superior
Authors: Hernández Suárez Cesar Augusto , Prada Núñez Raúl , Gamboa Suárez Audin Aloiso
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la gestión tecnológica estratégica a partir de los docentes de la universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, para vigilar y focalizar el empleo del ecosistema de la Web 2.0 en la educación superior. La investigación, se inscribió dentro un enfoque cuantitativo; a nivel descriptivo y diseño de campo, enmarcado en la modalidad de investigación proyectiva. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 docentes y como instrumento se utilizó la encuesta. El estudio mostró que vigilar la gestión tecnológica para el análisis interno provee una prospectiva a la cual podría focalizar cualquier transformación educativa en el contexto digital que emprenda la universidad en el empleo de ecosistemas de la Web social 2.0. Se concluyó que los principales desafíos que se encuentran en las innovaciones son las capacidades tecnológicas de los actores educativos al administrar la gestión tecnológica en el ecosistema de la Web social 2.0.
Effect of Conditions of Sol-Gel Synthesis and Post-Synthetic Treatment on Photoelectrochemical and Electro-Catalytic Properties of Titanium Oxide Nanostructures and Tio2-Au Nanocomposites
Authors:   L.V. Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine, Romanovska N.I. , Manorik P.A. ,   L.V. Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine, Vorobets V.S. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kolbasov G.Ya. ,   V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ermokhina N.I. ,   L.V. Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine, Kishenya Y.V. ,   L.V. Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine, Sotnik S.O. ,   L.V. Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine, Yaremov P.S. ,   L.V. Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences in Ukraine, Polishchuk A.V. ,   National University of "Kyiv-Mohyla Academy", Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Carbon-doped mesoporous TiO2 nanostructures and TiO2-Au nanocomposites with stabilized Au nanoparticles have been synthesized by the sol-gel template method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and photoelectrochemical current spectroscopy. The synthesis hydrothermal treatment conditions affected the particle size, electronic structure, morphology, phase, and chemical compositions, as well as the texture of the synthesized materials. The TiO2 and TiO2-Au based electrodes were light-sensitive in a wavelength range of 250–412 nm and were distinguished by a high catalytic activity during oxygen electroreduction. The presence of -ol and carboxylate groups in the amorphous phase is the main factor affecting the photosensitivity of TiO2 nanostructures to visible light and an increase in their photoactivity during the decomposition of methylene blue upon irradiation with ultraviolet and visible light relative to pure anatase. The higher photosensitivity and photoactivity of TiO2-Au nanocomposites compared with those of the corresponding starting TiO2 is due to the synergistic effect of Au nanoparticles and interstitial Ti-O-C groups, which depends on the Au nanoparticle content of the composite and on the mesopore size.
GÖÇMEN KADINLARIN BESLENMEYE DAİR SORUNLARI
Authors: AKIN Özlem , ALTINSOY Canan
Published: August 2021

Göç, dünyada var olan sağlıkta kabul edilen evrensel bir olgudur. Göçler pek çok faktörden etkilenmekte ve cinsiyet farklılıkları, göçmenlerin yaşadığı sorunlarda önemli rol oynamaktadır. Kadınlar ayrımcılığa ve sağlık hizmetine ulaşım noktasında zorluklara maruz kaldıklarından göçün kadınlar üzerinde etkisi daha belirgindir. Bu durum kadınları daha dezavantajlı hale getirmektedir. Göçün nedenleri çok yönlüdür ve bireylerin kontrolü içindeki ve dışındaki faktörler arasındaki karmaşık bir etkileşimi içerir. Farklı bir kültüre adapte olmanın zorluğuyla birlikte kadın göçmenlerin beslenme alışkanlıklarında ciddi bir değişim meydana gelmektedir. Yeni beslenme kültürüyle karşılaşma, alışılmış düzeni geride bırakma, yeni bir çevrede alışveriş yapma, yeni besinlere adapte olma noktasında güvensizlik oluşturmaktadır. Kadın göçmenler, geleneksel beslenme düzenlerine ek olarak yüksek yağlı ve şekerli atıştırmalıklar, içecekler ve fast-food yiyecekler tüketmektedir, gündelik hayattaki değişimin beraberinde getirdiği kültürel, ekonomik, sosyal engeller nedeniyle çok daha hızlı kilo almaktadır. Yaşlı göçmen kadınlarda kültürleşme ile meyve sebze tüketiminin azalmaktadır. Göçmen gebelerde ise kültürel beslenme kalıpları yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeyi etkilemektedir. Gebe kadınlar, göç döneminde belirli sağlık ve sosyal ihtiyaçlar nedeniyle özellikle savunmasız bir grup oluşturmaktadır. Göçmen gebeler obeziteye yüksek yatkınlık göstermeleri ve yetersiz mikro besin ögesi almaları nedeniyle obstetrik risk teşkil etmektedir. Göçmen anneler daha fazla fast-food tüketmektedir. Göç, günümüzde kadın sağlığını ilgilendiren, dikkate alınması gereken bir konudur. Beslenme yetersizliklerinin ve kötü beslenmenin göç sonrası devam etmesi halinde göçmen kadınlar sağlık sorunları nedeniyle yüksek riskli bir grup haline gelecektir. Bu nedenle kadın sağlığı savunucularının göçmenlerin sağlığının iyileştirilmesine dahil olması, göçmen kadınların yaşadıkları beslenme problemlerine dair farkındalığın arttırılması, göçmen kadınlara beslenme eğitimlerinin verilmesi, göçmenlere yönelik sağlık politikalarının oluşturulması önem taşımaktadır.
Sustainable development of small and medium-sized cities in the conditions of the agglomeration effect
Authors: Kuzmitskaya T.
Published: August 2021

The essence of the concept "sustainable development" is considered. The need to strengthen state regulation of economic relations to smooth out or eliminate negative environmental consequences by forming a green economy as an alternative to the traditional resource-intensive model and creating a more comfortable living environment for the population through the so-called ruralization (or deurbanization - the outflow of the population from cities to rural areas) is shown.
Intentions, Methods, and the Future of Global South Studies
Authors: López Alfred J.
Published: August 2021

This article presents two sets of questions and a provisional hypothesis, which attempt to frame the present and possible futures of what we now call “Global South studies.” First, a broad, conceptual set of questions about the act of setting out as a setting-to-work, informed by Edward Said's meditations in Beginnings (1975) about the play between intention and method that sets epistemological parameters for an object of study, which in turn narrows the range of possible methods of knowing that object. Second, bringing this frame of “beginnings” (in Said's formula, intention + method) to bear upon a range of disciplinary methods that have shown varying degrees of efficacy as tools [techne] for scholarship of the Global South, while also revealing the possibilities and pitfalls we face as a self-described “interdisciplinary” field. I do not write in terms of a “methodology,” but rather a plurality of overlapping methods that share a common object. Third, provisional benchmarks for a more intersubjective and Southern interdisciplinarity for Global South studies, one that will not necessarily transcend the strengths and limitations of particular methods but may enable a more mindful relationship with the populations about and alongside which we would speak.
Conscience and Conscious in the Global South: B.R. Ambedkar, Kwame Nkrumah, and Anticolonial Sociology
Authors: Elam J. Daniel
Published: August 2021

By reading Pan-African writing with anti-caste writing together, this article examines the uses of “conscience” and “consciousness” across Third World solidarity movements. By drawing out the relationship between “consciousness” and “conscience” in political writing, this essay reveals the intertwined intellectual genealogies of Global South political theory. This genealogy is indebted to sociological projects in the early twentieth century. This article focuses particularly on Ghanaian Pan-Africanist Kwame Nkrumah and Indian anti-caste activist B.R. Ambedkar. By connecting these the two thinkers, and by tracing their shared intellectual genealogies, I illuminate the sociological experimentation at the center of anticolonial philosophy. For early twentieth-century sociology, these were normative claims about “society” as a heteronomous and egalitarian collective. By tracing these experimentations through the Global South, I show that the most ground-breaking sociologists in the North Atlantic world were, in fact, anticolonial thinkers who used the field to reimagine human emancipation.
Effect of chamomile on chemotherapy-induced neutropenia: a pilot open-label controlled trial
Authors: Shahriari Mahdi , Azadbakht Mohammad , Roohparvar Maryam , Daneshfard Babak , Nimrouzi Majid
Published: August 2021

Neutropenia is a common complication of chemotherapy in leukemic patients. An herbal formulation of chamomile was hypothesized to be effective on neutropenia. A group of healthy volunteers and two groups of patients received chamomile oral drop to be compared with a control group of neutropenic patients. Results showed an increase of white blood cells and resolution of neutropenia in all groups except for the control group. In conclusion, chamomile could be used as an effective complementary medicine for increasing the immunity of neutropenic patients (in addition to healthy individuals). Keywords: Chamomile; Leukemia; Chemotherapy; Neutropenia; Integrative Medicine; Persian Medicine
Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome in a Man with Unilateral Cryptorchidism : A Case Report
Authors: M Azarabadi , S Heydari , S Rouhani , M Ghane Ezabadi
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome is a rare form of male pseudo-hermaphroditism characterized by the presence of Mullerian duct structures in an otherwise phenotypically, as well asgenotypically, normal man; only a few cases have been reported in the worldwide literature. A greatvariety of organs have been found in indirect inguinal hernial sacs. Case presentation: We report a case of 28 year old man, father of 2 children with unilateral cryptorchidism on the left side and testis and painful left groin mass. we found uterine tissue extending through the inguinal canal. Conclusions : PMDS is a rare form of male pseudo-hermaphroditism characterized by the presence of Mullerian duct structures in an otherwise phenotypically, as well as genotypically, normal man. Hernia uteri inguinalis is type I of the male form of PMDS, characterized by one descended testis and the herniation of the ipsilateral corner of the uterus and fallopian tube into the inguinal canal. Keywords: mullerian duct syndrome, cryptorchidism
Relatii temporale între parametrii climatici si cresterile anuale ale speciilor forestiere (studiu de caz)
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Nedealcov Maria , Donica Ala ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Agapi Ion ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Grigoras Nicolae ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

The forests on the natural distribution area from the silvosteppe zone, under the influence of climate change will experience major changes in their structure and functioning. The analysis of growth parameters for Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus petraea, Q. robur in three experimental areas from center of the Republic of Moldova indicates that the radial growth processes are influenced by the same complex of climatic factors, which differ being dendroclimatic response intensity. It has been shown that between the annual tree growth and forest aridity index - FAI, there are close correlations: the higher FAI values indicate the lower annual growth of the trees, and vice versa, low FAI values identify good development conditions of the stands (higher increases in the annual ring width).
Nivelul de trai al populatiei si dezvoltarea umana în regiunea de dezvoltare centru
Authors:   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Hachi Mihai , Raileanu Veronica ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova, Jeleapov Ana ,   Institutul de Ecologie si Geografie, Republica Moldova
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, it is observed an increase of the need for comparative studies of human development in order to attempt to follow the level reached by states, regions or human communities from certain administrative-territorial units, with the aim to evaluate the efficiency of development policies applied by regional or local governments or administrations, beyond certain statistical indicators or series that attest certain aspects of human development. In this context, the HDI (Human development index) applied by the UNO includes four components providing an annual generalization of human development at the level of the world's states. In the performed study we aimed to develop the given index, including indicators and indexes of living standard as a component of HDI, generalizing it at the level of 329 communes of the Center Development Region according to the Regional Development Strategy of the Republic of Moldova.
Penggunaan Klinometer sebagai Pendukung Penguatan Konsep Siswa tentang Perbandingan Trigonometri
Authors: Syahrudi Syahrudi
Published: August 2021

The basic concept of trigonometric ratios now is not excellently grasped by students of Granada Islamic Senior Secondary School. The problem identification result shows that there is students’ ennui due to the indoors mathematics learning. This study aims to reinforce basic concepts of trigonometric ratios by increasing the students’ learning activities and mastery kearning by means of clinometer. The benefits of this study are (1) for mathematics teachers, it is an effort to elaborate science by utilising clinometer in teaching and learning and (2) as for students, it is to enable them applying trigonometry in daily life. Clinometer is one of the simple teaching aids used to measure the height of an object utilizing elevation angles and trigonometric ratios. The tests result and observational record shows that students’ activities increase from 39.39% to 93.93% as well as students' mastery learning that increases from 25% to 84.84%. The result of this study indicates that the use of clinometer may support the students' concepts reinforcement on trigonometric ratios.
Progresivisme dan Perspektifnya terhadap Pembelajaran di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Richardo Rino , Eliana Hasna Ulayya , Cahdriyana Rima Aksen
Published: August 2021

This research aims to find and describe  the philosophy concept of progressivism and the persepctive toward the learning process in the era of Covid-19 pandemic, as well as the perspective toward learning, educators and students.  This research is a library research using books and electronic scientific articles as data sources. In collecting the data, researchers browse online data through the Google scholar database. While the data analysis applied in this study is the content analysis method. The research results show that progressivism as an educational philosophy plays an important role in providing a basis for developing a flexible learning system adapting to the progress and development of science and technology, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Using Peer Assisted Learning to improve academic engagement and progression of first year online law students
Authors: Crowley-Cyr Lynda , Hevers James
Published: August 2021

The University of Southern Queensland’s online study environment continues to grow with over 16,000 students studying online. Pre-Covid-19, online enrolments typically represent around 67% of all students studying at USQ. This article usefully analyses quantitative data in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the pilot of an online peer-assisted learning program for first-year Law students. The article asks whether a customised online Meet-Up program can objectively enhance student engagement and academic performance in a first-year law course. Results from the pilot were positive and are a productive contribution to the literature on online peer-assisted learning.
Teacher educators’ perceptions and challenges of using critical pedagogy: A case study of higher teacher education in Tanzania
Authors: Kavenuke Patrick , Muthanna Abdulghani
Published: August 2021

This study investigates teacher educators’ perceptions of and challenges affecting the use of critical pedagogy in higher teacher education in Tanzania. The study employed a qualitative case study design and collected in-depth data through semi-structured interviews and direct classroom observations. The findings showed that critical pedagogy is a significant approach for developing students’ abilities to do critical reflection. However, critical pedagogy demands building a friendly relationship with students and encouraging dialogic interactions; all these lead to critical reflection in return, ensuring better understanding of the subject content. Most importantly, the findings report several challenges related to the presence of crowded classes, the use of lecturing teaching style and the use of English as a language of instruction, the use of unsuitable assessment format that is university guided and lack of teaching resources. These challenges impede the effective use of critical pedagogy in teaching. To overcome such challenges, policy makers and institutional leaders need to rethink of providing teaching resources and encouraging the use of critical pedagogy in teaching and learning at higher teacher education programmes. The study concludes that by practising what teacher educators perceive to be critical pedagogy, classrooms will be transformed into places of liberation. Further, while this qualitative study does not intend to make any generalisation, the findings might be of interest to international teacher educators who are interested in employing the critical pedagogy approach effectively.
Supporting students’ academic literacies in post-COVID-19 times: Developing digital videos to develop students’ critical academic reading practices
Authors: Baker Sally , Field Caitlin , Lee Jung-Sook , Saintilan Nicole
Published: August 2021

While embedding Academic Language and Literacies (ALL) instruction in discipline-specific courses is known to be effective, it is difficult to enact across the siloed university. Moreover, the move to online/ remote delivery during COVID-19 has necessitated greater focus on the development of online supports. This article reports on an effort to embed digital ALL support in a mandatory social research methods course, which we argue is particularly suited to academic literacies instruction. A series of digital videos were created to complement a literature review assignment, and were evaluated using video analytics, end-of-course student surveys, and individual interviews with tutors. Quantitative analysis of viewing patterns demonstrated that the majority of students accessed the videos multiple times, while qualitative data suggest that students generally had positive responses to the videos. However, thematic analysis of interviews with tutors showed that while they considered the content helpful, they also had reservations about the length and use of the videos. These findings clearly demonstrate the extent of the unmet need to integrate these types of approaches into undergraduate courses. We also argue that if universities wish to maintain currency in a shifting, globalised world, they must do more to foster the types of collaborative partnerships that facilitate effective ALL instruction in undergraduate coursework. These findings carry particular relevance for teaching and learning literacies in the wake of COVID-19, because digital video has become even more integral to higher education.
Editorial
Authors: Carter H.
Published: August 2021

Welcome to the first issue of volume two of the Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice. The number and range of submissions to the Journal continue to grow and preparations are underway to expand the JUTLP Board to help manage this and the attendant broader scope.
Editorial 2.2
Authors: Carter H.
Published: August 2021

It is a pleasure to see papers covering such a broad range of teaching and learning issues being submitted to the Journal. Some of these might challenge our conceptions of what constitutes teaching and learning practice but where possible we try to be inclusive of these ideas. Welcome to the second issue of volume two of the Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice.
Learning and Language: Supporting Group Work So Group Work Supports Learning
Authors: Mylett T. , Gluck R.
Published: August 2021

This paper reports on developments in teaching and
learning for first year employment relations students at
the University of Wollongong based on creating
conditions of learning informed by Vygotsky’s ‘zone of
proximal development’ theory. Essentially, this meant
emphasising collaborative learning (group work) in the
lecture theatre and in assessment tasks to provide
opportunities for students to ‘learn the language’ of
employment relations. The paper also considers
collaboration between an employment relations discipline
lecturer and an learning development discipline lecturer
that helped identify the objectives for teaching and
learning (the desired attributes of a Wollongong
Graduate, ethical concerns about how students’ may
affect one another in group work, and developing
knowledge and skills to equip students to be effective in
employment relations practice) within a particular task
environment (characterised by an organisational
imperative to ‘do more with less’, and students’ beliefs
that lectures have the purpose of didactic information
delivery) simultaneously with teaching. This paper offers
readers a case study of the application of a teaching and
learning theory that may stimulate reflection on their
practice.
Kajian penyelidikan bagi pembinaan Lengkung Keamatan-Tempoh Frekuensi (Idf Curve) bagi daerah Pekan, Pahang menggunakan kaedah Gumbel
Authors: Yajid Suhaimi , Mustapha Hazriesyam Amir , Deris Affendi
Published: August 2021

Lengkung Keamatan – Tempoh - Frekuensi Hujan (IDF) merupakan satu elemen yang sangat penting dalam bidang hidrologi untuk digunakan dalam aspek rekabentuk sesuatu struktur terutamanya dalam rekabentuk sistem saliran perbandaran. Oleh itu, lengkung IDF yang terkini penting dalam memastikan struktur yang dibina kelak dapat berfungsi dengan lebih efisyen dan memastikannya tidak gagal sepanjang tempoh jangka hayat rekabentuknya. Objektif bagi kajian ini adalah membina lengkung IDF bagi Bandar Pekan Pahang menggunakan kaedah Gumbel dan membandingkannya dengan lengkung IDF yang terdapat di dalam Manual Saliran Mesra Alam Malaysia (MASMA) melalui Ujian Kesepadanan Chi-Square dan perbandingan peratusan. Data stesen hujan yang digunakan dalam analisis kajian ini adalah data stesen hujan bagi Rumah Pam Pahang Tua (3533102) yang diambil dari Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran (JPS) Ampang Kuala Lumpur bermula dari tahun 1980 hingga 2013. Data hujan dari stesen ini akan dianalisis menggunakan kaedah Taburan Nilai Ekstrem atau Gumbel bagi mendapatkan nilai keamatan hujan bagi Kala Kembali 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 dan 100 tahun dengan tempoh hujan 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180, 360, 540, 720, 900 dan 1440. Seterusnya lengkung IDF akan dibina daripada nilai keamatan yang diperolehi menggunakan perisian Microsoft Excel. Dari Ujian Kesepadanan Chi-Square, diperolehi nilai x2 bagi lengkung IDF yang baru dibina dari kaedah Gumbel ialah 0.382. Nilai x2 yang diperolehi ini lebih besar daripada nilai α (0.05), maka ini menunjukkan tiada perbezaan yang signifikan secara saintifik (hipotesis alternatif) atau disimpulkan tidak terdapat perbezaan yang ketara antara kedua-dua kaedah taburan dengan nilai keamatan hujan di dalam MASMA dan peratusan perbandingan juga sekitar 3% adalah terlalu sedikit. Maka hasil lengkung IDF yang baru dibina daripada kedua - dua kaedah taburan sesuai digunapakai bagi tujuan rekabentuk infrastruktur sistem saliran Bandar Pekan, Pahang.
ONE IDENTITY FROM PROHIBITED LITERATURE
Authors:   M.S.Narıkbaev KAZGUU Unıversıty, Zekenova A.Zh.
Published: August 2021

The article considers the life and work of one of the poets of literature of the early twentieth century, Baybatyr Yerzhanuly, whose years of birth and death have not yet been fully specified and defined. Based on the available archival documents and reasonable information provided by the descendants of the poet, it was found that Baybatyr was born in 1897 in the former Kyzylzhar (now North Kazakhstan Region) and died in 1939. It was revealed that in 1935 the poet was arrested by the East Kazakhstan Military District (Military Commissariat of the regional administration), and an investigation was carried out on him. In a collection of literature of the early twentieth century, published in 1994, in an article about Baybatyr Yerzhanov, the scientist Zh. Tilepov, referring to the opinion of the journalist Seyten Sauytbekov, claims that Baybatyr was born in the South Kazakhstan region. It was found that this idea was presented a bit hastily. Archival data and manuscripts relating to the life and work of the writer are submitted to the public for the first time. For example, the original manuscript of his such books as “Get up, Kazakh!”, “Love for learning”, were found in the written letter based on the Arabic script “It is embraced with death” together with one chapter of the work “For the Collective Farm”, death certificate, questionnaire, completed by the poet’s handwriting during the investigation. Based on the collected material, the biography of the poet was supplemented. The article found and revealed that the poet had two sons and one daughter, as well as his wife Marjan, and that along with teaching and editorial work, he combined poetry, writing and journalistic skills.
BICULTURAL AESTHETIC INTERFERENCE IN TRANSLATIONS OF KAZAKH POETRY INTO ENGLISH
Authors:   M.O. Auezov Institute of Literature and Art, Ananyeva Svetlana , Khamrayev Alimzhan ,   M.O. Auezov Institute of Literature and Art
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of poetic interference as a phenomenon of bicultural intermediate aesthetics based on the example of Kazakh poetry, translated into English. Foreign translations of the poems by Kazakh poets act as a factor in the unity of two cultural phenomena and at the same time conjugative aesthetics. Poetic heritage and translations of the poet serve as a factor of bicultural and simultaneously conjugative aesthetics. Translation analysis clearly shows that the creative writings of Kazakh poet are a bright example of not only lingual-cultural but also artistic and aesthetic interferentiality. This is a condition for simultaneous "destruction" of aesthetic integrity of the original and formation of a new one in the translation. We have outlined this phenomenon as conjugative one. Thanks to the introduction into the text of the translation of Kazakh words and symbols, foreign reader often gets first emotional information of communicative, evaluative, abstract synthesis, modal, explanatory nature at the unconscious level, in other words, it focuses on the fact that (identification of common relations with surrounding reality) is common for its perception, and is alien single (about specifics of national picture of the world or fragments (often visual: ornaments, yurts, whip, etc.), and only after that receives the implicit access to the world of content and form of artistic work.
OGUZ VERSION OF EPOS “ALPAMYS BATYR” AND ITS HISTORICAL BASES
Authors:   M.O. Auezov Institute of Literature and Art, Albekov T.К.
Published: August 2021

The epos "Alpamys Batyr" is a common Turkic heritage that has come down to us since ancient times. There are several options for epic options. The epos has long been the subject of comprehensive scientific research among domestic and foreign scientists. It was studied in comparative typological and genealogical aspects. This article discusses the Oguz version of the epic and the historical foundations of its occurrence.
Moving Seaweed Farms from Shallow to Deep Seawater to Cope with Warming and Diseases in Zanzibar. Current Socio-Economic and Cultural Barriers
Authors: Makame Makame Omar , Hamad Ali Rashid , Said Muhammad Suleiman , Mushi Alice , Sharif Khadija
Published: August 2021

This study aimed at identifying the climate and non-climate stressors affecting the seaweed farming practices. It also examines the deep water seaweed farming as a viable adaptation measure to these stressors and barriers that could constrained female seaweed farmers who are the majority. The study was carried out in six selected groups, two groups were from South District, Unguja Main Island (Furahiya Wanawake-Paje and Flower Group-Muungoni). And four groups were selected from Pemba Island (Tuwe Imara and Umoja Kazi- East Msuka and Ipo sababu and Umoja ni Nguvu – East Tumbe) from Micheweni District. These groups were selected because they participated in previous project implemented by Milele Zanzibar Foundation (MZF) and The Panje Project (TPP). Questionnaire interview collected various information related to the study from 111 seaweed farmers who are members of these groups. Information such as baseline seaweed production, climate change and diseases that affect seaweed production, farmer’s awareness on moving seaweed farms to deep water to cope with increasing warming and diseases and their capacity to swim as prerequisite for the adoption of this coping strategy. The focal group discussions were conducted in all six groups to collect various information to triangulate the findings collected from the questionnaire interview. The data obtained from three methods analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings show that seaweed farming production has declined at least over the last seven years. Climate change and its variability, diseases, over utilization of shallow water space for farming seaweed, COVID 19 and price has contributed a lot in the observed decline. Deep water (0.5 meter during low tide and 3-5 meters during high tide) seaweed farming seen as viable option to cope and adapt to increasing warming and diseases but its adoption especially amongst female seaweed farmers constrained by their limited capacity to swim and their limited ownership of the vessels. The study also identified other barriers such as age, gender and cultural factors that could constrained female seaweed farmers from participation in swimming and sea safety training. To facilitate adoption of the deep-water seaweed farming method amongst the seaweed farmers, concerted effort should be made to overcome the barriers that are likely to limit the massive adoption of this method.
2021/18 Fixed-term singers not comparable to permanent singers at the Royal Danish Theatre (DK)
Authors: Clasen Christian K.
Published: August 2021

2021/18 Fixed-term singers not comparable to permanent singers at the Royal Danish Theatre (DK)

In a recent case, the Danish Supreme Court addressed the question of what constitutes a comparable permanent employee in relation to discrimination against fixed-term employees. The Supreme Court ruled that even though the two groups of fixed-term and permanent singers at the Royal Opera Chorus of the Royal Danish Theatre performed almost the same tasks, their positions were not comparable as the singers’ qualifications and skills were different and, for this reason, the difference in terms and conditions was not discriminatory.
2021/19 Employees’ contracts can be split so they transfer to multiple employers on a TUPE service provision change (UK)
Authors: Cooper Amy
Published: August 2021

2021/19 Employees’ contracts can be split so they transfer to multiple employers on a TUPE service provision change (UK)

In the case of a ‘service provision change’ under the Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) Regulations 2006 (TUPE), where a service is outsourced or re-tendered, the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) has ruled that an employee’s contract can be split so they go from working full-time for one employer to working part-time for two or more employers.
Individual and social commitments of youth on their way to adulthood demonstrated in innovative projects
Authors: Dobrzyniak Marta
Published: August 2021

Having addressed the topic of the preparation of youth to adulthood the author refers to Malcom Knowles concept in which he pointed out several aspects of this process. The author also refers to main components of the European lifelong guidance policy. References to the European guidelines with respect to youthwork lays the background for the review of threes projects. Main assumptions of each project and an outline of their implementation have been laid out in the article. The author puts major attention on the review of achievements of youth on their way to adulthood. They have been illustrated with reflections of the participants who reported on their benefits and transformations which young people experienced.