bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From Unheard to Empowered: Utilizing Communication Accommodation Theory to Address Black Men’s With Prostate Cancer Healthcare Preferences
Authors: Fullwood Dottington , Fallon Elizabeth , Bolajoko Opeyemi , Gunderson Justine , Ramirez-Rivera Caleb O. , Pressey Shannon , Nosbush Kelly , Young Mary Ellen , Krieger Janice , Asiedu Gladys , Odedina Folakemi T.
Published: October 2024

Objectives

Communication barriers, such as channels, comfort, and location, can negatively impact Black prostate cancer survivors’ experiences and health outcomes after treatment. Addressing these barriers promotes a survivor-centric approach that views survivors as active partners in their care. This study explored the communication preferences of Black prostate cancer survivors, focusing on preferred channels, sources, and locations for enhanced quality of life.

Design

Using grounded theory methodology, we conducted engaged in-depth interviews with 7 Black prostate cancer survivors, centering on their post-treatment experiences. We analyzed participant transcripts to develop codes and themes. Communication accommodation theory (CAT) was applied to examine how survivors adapt their communication styles to navigate barriers and improve their quality of life. CAT helped identify key patterns of survivors’ convergence and divergence in their communication with healthcare providers, crucial for developing survivor-centric communication strategies.

Results

The analysis revealed the importance of acknowledging cultural and racial perspectives in post-treatment survivorship. Themes extracted from the transcripts included communication barriers, preferences for information channels, and favored locations for sharing information. Survivors expressed a preference for a balance between face-to-face interaction and telehealth, with environments that provide safety and support playing a key role in encouraging vulnerability and open dialogue. Inclusive healthcare practices were seen as essential in empowering Black survivors to engage in meaningful communication without feeling silenced or undervalued, thus fostering a dignified quality of life.

Conclusion

Tailoring post-treatment communication practices to incorporate cultural sensitivity, inclusive healthcare, and safe spaces is pivotal to supporting Black survivors. These findings provide a pathway to improving survivors’ experiences and empower them to actively shape their survivorship journey. Moreover, they highlight Black men’s need for trustworthy communication with healthcare providers and peers during the post-treatment period, emphasizing the importance of direct, personalized interactions.
Nutrition support pharmacy practices in hospitalized cancer patients admitted to bone marrow transplant units: A 3-year retrospective analysis of clinical nutrition support pharmacists’ interventions
Authors: Abdelhadi Nadine N , Dabbous Ala'a , Darwish Mariam , Jaddoua Saad M
Published: October 2024

Background

Few studies have investigated nutrition support pharmacy practices and interventions in bone marrow transplant units. This study aimed to analyze the interventions of clinical nutrition support pharmacists in hospitalized cancer patients undergoing bone marrow transplant at a comprehensive cancer center.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 10925 electronically reported clinical pharmacist interventions of hospitalized cancer patients admitted to bone marrow transplant units from January 2020 to December 2022 was conducted. All patients’ records with nutrition support pharmacists’ interventions were included.

Results

The number of interventions was 1418. The acceptance rate of clinical nutrition support pharmacists’ interventions by physicians was 92%. The initiation of mineral/vitamin use was found to be the most frequent intervention of nutrition support pharmacists, followed by requesting laboratory tests.

Conclusion

Nutrition support pharmacists have a role in managing hospitalized cancer patients admitted to bone marrow transplant units. The prevailing intervention was the initiation of mineral/vitamin use. Further studies are needed to explore the barriers to implementing nutrition support pharmacy services and to optimize these services in different patient populations.
Plasma from type 1 diabetes patients promotes pro-atherogenic cholesterol transport in human macrophages
Authors: Accacha Siham , Voloshyna Iryna , Kasselman Lora J , Mejia-Corletto Jorge , Srivastava Ankita , Renna Heather A , De Leon Joshua , Levine Robert L , Reiss Allison B
Published: October 2024

Hyperglycemia, one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis, leads to the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), contributing to cardiovascular complications. Such accumulation may accelerate the progression of vascular disease in patients with diabetes. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) protein, ATP-binding membrane cassette transporters A1 and G1 (ABCA1 and ABCG1) and cholesterol 27-hydroxylase facilitate cholesterol removal from macrophages. AGE inhibits RCT by reducing the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1. This study aimed to evaluate whether plasma from poorly controlled adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) disrupts cholesterol homeostasis in human monocytes/macrophages. Twenty healthy controls (HCs) and 20 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), 10–19 years old, were enrolled. Naïve THP-1 macrophages were exposed to plasma from each HC and patient with T1D. Following incubation, mRNA for cholesterol efflux (ABCA1, ABCG1, and 27-hydroxylase) and cholesterol uptake (CD36, ScR-A1, lectin oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LOX)-1, and CXCL16) were isolated. Foam cell formation was quantified to confirm the pro-atherogenic effects of T1D plasma on macrophages. Results showed that T1D plasma had an elevated level of N-(carboxymethyl)-lysine-modified proteins and upregulated CXCL16 and, to a lesser degree, ScR-A1. This change in gene expression in the presence of T1D plasma is associated with increased lipid accumulation and foam cell formation by THP-1 macrophages. In our study, these cells’ uptake of an AGE product occurred mainly through the SR-A1 and CXCL16 receptors, leading to increased intracellular oxidized low-density lipoprotein. We conclude that AGEs may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes through effects on both forward and reverse cholesterol movement.
Atrial septal pouch in cats: first report on interatrial septum anatomical variations
Authors: Janus-Ziółkowska Izabela , Bubak Joanna , Noszczyk-Nowak Agnieszka
Published: October 2024

Objectives

The atrial septal pouch was first recognised in humans in 2006 and, since 2010, has been described in more detail. The first reports on the left-sided atrial septal pouch linked its occurrence with a higher risk of thromboembolic stroke resulting from left atrial thrombus formation. However, subsequent studies have challenged this theory; therefore, the consequences of septal pouch occurrence remain disputed. Currently, in veterinary species, septal pouch occurrence and morphology have been described in sheep and pigs, showing species-related differences. No studies have been conducted on cats. As cats show a species-related risk of aortic thromboembolic disease resulting from left atrial thrombus formation, we aimed to describe the interatrial septum anatomical variations as the first step in the investigation of the relationship between the septal pouch presence and left atrial thrombus formation.

Methods

The study was conducted on hearts collected post mortem from 80 cats. After formalin fixation and dissection, a detailed anatomical description of the interatrial septum for all cases was followed by a histopathological analysis of the heart in 25 cases. After dissection, the specimens were embedded in paraffin blocks and stained with haematoxylin and eosin, Masson–Goldner trichrome, Picrosirius Red and Movat pentachrome in a routine manner and evaluated via light microscopy.

Results

Our study showed a very high prevalence (95%) of the left-sided septal pouch in cats with a lower incidence (29%) of the right-sided septal pouch. We noted a high morphological variety of the left-sided septal pouch and described anatomical variants not previously reported in the literature.

Conclusions and relevance

The septal pouch is a common anatomical variation of the interatrial septum in cats. Although, based on the current study, we cannot draw further conclusions on the relationship between the left-sided septal pouch and thromboembolic events in cats, the high prevalence of this anatomical entity points to a need of further studies on the topic.
The Moderating Role of Genetics on the Effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Breast Cancer (MBSR(BC)) Program on Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Park Jong Y. , Lengacher Cecile A. , Rodriguez Carmen S. , Meng Hongdao , Kip Kevin E. , Morgan Sandra , Joshi Anisha , Hueluer Gizem , Wang Julia R. , Tinsley Sara , Cox Charles , Kiluk John , Donovan Kristine A. , Moscoso Manolete , Bornstein Elizabeth , Lucas Jean M. , Fonseca Tamela , Krothapalli Mahathi , Padgett Lynne S. , Nidamanur Sreenidhi , Hornback Estella , Patel Diya , Chamkeri Ramya , Reich Richard R.
Published: October 2024

Background

Genetics may influence symptoms experienced by breast cancer survivors (BCS) by moderating the effects of stress-reducing interventions, including the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR(BC)) program, to reduce symptom severity. As part of a larger clinical trial, the aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variants as moderators of MBSR(BC) on improvements among BCS in cognitive functioning and symptoms.

Methods

BCS ( n = 128) were randomized to MBSR(BC) or the Breast Cancer Education Support Program. Objective neuropsychological and subjective measures of cognitive performance, and psychological and physical symptoms were collected at baseline, 6, 12, and 26 weeks. Linear mixed models were implemented to identify MBSR(BC)’s effects over time. A total of 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 20 genes known to be related to these symptoms were investigated using genomic DNA. These SNPs were tested as moderators of MBSR(BC) program effects.

Results

Results showed MBSR(BC) participants experienced significantly greater benefits in cognitive functioning, however, the level of benefit varied based on one’s genetic profile. Effects sizes, consistency across similar measures were investigated. Among 22 candidate SNPs, rs4680 in COMT, rs1800497 in ANKK1, and rs6277 in DRD2 demonstrated the strongest, most consistent positive effects in moderating MBSR(BC)’s impact on cognitive outcomes.

Conclusions

Although the effects were small, this translational research may potentially identify BCS with genotypes that would be most influenced by the MBSR(BC) program. These results may be used to develop personalized intervention programs tailored to the genetic profile of each breast cancer survivor who received chemotherapy or chemotherapy and radiation.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, https://www.ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Number: NCT02786797.
Multivariate Bayesian Analyses in Nursing Research: An Introductory Guide
Authors: Heinsberg Lacey W. , Davis Tara S. , Maher Dylan , Bender Catherine M. , Conley Yvette P. , Weeks Daniel E.
Published: October 2024

In the era of precision health, nursing research has increasingly focused on the analysis of large, multidimensional data sets containing multiple correlated phenotypes (e.g., symptoms). This presents challenges for statistical analyses, especially in genetic association studies. For example, the inclusion of multiple symptoms within a single model can raise concerns about multicollinearity, while individual SNP-symptom analyses may obscure complex relationships. As such, many traditional statistical approaches often fall short in providing a comprehensive understanding of the complexity inherent in many nursing-focused research questions. Multivariate Bayesian approaches offer the unique advantage of allowing researchers to ask questions that are not feasible with traditional approaches. Specifically, these methods support the simultaneous exploration of multiple phenotypes, accounting for the underlying correlational structure between variables, and allow for formal incorporation of existing knowledge into the statistical model. By doing so, they may provide a more realistic view of statistical relationships within a biological system, potentially uncovering new insights into well-established and undiscovered connections, such as the probabilities of association and direct versus indirect effects. This valuable information can help us better understand our phenotypes of interest, leading to more effective nurse-led intervention and prevention programs. To illustrate these concepts, this paper includes an application section covering two specific multivariate Bayesian analysis software programs, bnlearn and mvBIMBAM, with an emphasis on interpretation and extension to nursing research. To complement the paper, we provide access to a detailed online tutorial, including executable R code and a synthetic data set, so the concepts can be more easily extended to other research questions.
Machine Learning for Dynamic Prognostication of Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Time-Series Data: Survival Path Versus Dynamic-DeepHit HCC Model
Authors: Shen Lujun , Jiang Yiquan , Zhang Tao , Cao Fei , Ke Liangru , Li Chen , Nuerhashi Gulijiayina , Li Wang , Wu Peihong , Li Chaofeng , Zeng Qi , Fan Weijun
Published: October 2024

Objectives:

Patients with intermediate or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) require repeated disease monitoring, prognosis assessment and treatment planning. In 2018, a novel machine learning methodology “survival path” (SP) was developed to facilitate dynamic prognosis prediction and treatment planning. One year after, a deep learning approach called Dynamic Deephit was developed. The performance of the two state-of-art models in dynamic prognostication have not been compared.

Methods:

We trained and tested the SP and Dynamic DeepHit models in a large cohort of 2511 HCC patients using time-series data. The time-series data were converted into data of time slices, with an interval of three months. The time-dependent c-index for OS at given prediction time ( t = 1, 6, 12, 18 months) and evaluation time (∆ t = 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 months) were compared.

Results:

The comparison between SP model and Dynamic DeepHit-HCC model showed the latter had significant better performance at the time of initial admission. The time-dependent c-index of Dynamic DeepHit-HCC model gradually decreased with the extension of time (from 0.756 to 0.639 in the training set; from 0.787 to 0.661 in internal testing set; from 0.725 to 0.668 in multicenter testing set); while the time-dependent c-index of SP model displayed an increased trend (from 0.665 to 0.748 in the training set; from 0.608 to 0.743 in internal testing set; from 0.643 to 0.720 in multicenter testing set). When the prediction time comes to 6 months or later since initial treatment, the survival path model outperformed the dynamic DeepHit model at late evaluation times (∆ t > 12 months).

Conclusions:

This research highlighted the unique strengths of both models. The SP model had advantage in long term prediction while the Dynamic DeepHit-HCC model had advantages in prediction at near time points. Fine selection of models is needed in dealing with different scenarios.
Exploring the Clinical Implications of RPL3 Presence in BRCA-Associated Cancers: Unraveling the Interplay With Cancer Immunity
Authors: Wang Linyi , Chen Minlong , Ma Zhaosheng , Zeng Hanqian , Xie Bojian , Xu Shiwen
Published: October 2024

Background:

Few studies have explored the expression profile of RPL3 in breast cancer (BRCA). Our research provided an in-depth analysis of RPL3 expression patterns in BRCA, highlighting its significance for therapy prediction and prognosis.

Methods:

RPL3 was notably elevated in malignant cells, and its expression level was closely associated with tumor size and overall survival outcomes. Our study also identified RPL3-related terms and pathways and revealed a strong correlation between RPL3 expression and breast carcinoma immunity, demonstrating inconsistent expression levels in various immune cell lines. In addition, we examined the relationship between RPL3 expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in BRCA. To assess the clinical implications of BRCA chemotherapy, we investigated the correlation between RPL3 expression levels and drug sensitivity.

Results:

Our findings suggest that RPL3 plays a critical role in the BRCA process and is associated with immune infiltration, indicating its potential as a novel immunotherapy target in BRCA treatment.

Conclusions:

In summary, our research underscores the importance of RPL3 expression levels in tumorigenesis and its potential for guiding BRCA immunotherapy.
Research trends of glioma-related epilepsy: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2023
Authors: Liang Ruofei , Hu Chao , Li Haiyu , Tang Xiaoping
Published: October 2024

Glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) is a hotspot in recent years and there remains many urgent unsolved issues. This study aimed to conduct bibliometric analysis on GRE research over the past 2 decades. We collected scientific outputs relating to GRE on Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) from 2004 to 2023 and conducted visual analysis using VOSviewer and Microsoft Excel. A total of 2697 publications were retrieved with an increasing trend over the past 20 years. The USA ranked first in publication number, total citation and H-index. Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm) was the institution with the most publications. In the field of GRE, core journals were Journal of Neurosurgery, Epilepsia and Neurology. Duffau, Hugues was the author with the most papers and total citations, and the highest H-index. Co-occurrence analysis revealed that the latest research focus of GRE were awake craniotomy, immunotherapy, cognitive impairment, and basic research on pathogenesis, with particular emphasis on the IDH1 mutation. This study intended to gain a deeper understanding of the current global GRE research and identify hotspots, as well as to provide theoretical reference for further studies.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker in patients with peripheral artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kurniawan Roy B , Siahaan Paulus P , Saputra Pandit BT , Arnindita Jannatin N , Savitri Cornelia G , Faizah Novia N , Andira Luqman H , D’Oria Mario , Eko Putranto J Nugroho , Alkaff Firas F
Published: October 2024

Background:

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple and routinely obtained parameter reflecting systemic inflammation, including in peripheral artery disease (PAD).

Methods:

This systematic review aimed to assess the role of NLR as a prognostic biomarker in patients with PAD. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCO, and Cochrane. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool risk ratios, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). A bivariate model was used to generate summary receiver operating characteristics with the corresponding area under the curve (AUC).

Results:

This review included 5243 patients with PAD from nine eligible studies. High NLR corresponded to at least a twofold increased risk of all-cause mortality (ACM), major adverse limb events (MALE), and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). NLR’s performance was good for predicting 1-year ACM (AUC 0.71 [95% CI: 0.59–0.79], sensitivity 58.2% [95% CI: 45.3–71.0], specificity 72.6% [95% CI: 65.6–79.62], PPV 41.0% [95% CI: 31.2–50.7], NPV 82.7% [95% CI: 74.1–91.3]) and 1-year MALE (AUC 0.78 [95% CI: 0.75–0.80], sensitivity 65.4% [95% CI: 41.6–89.2], specificity 77.7% [95% CI: 71.0–84.3], PPV 53.7% [95% CI: 47.3–60.1], NPV 83.91% [95% CI: 73.2–94.6]). However, these values tended to decrease as the follow-up duration extended, except for the pooled specificities, which exhibited the opposite pattern.

Conclusion:

NLR emerges as a simple and cost-effective prognostic biomarker with decent performance for poor outcomes in patients with PAD (PROSPERO Registration No.: CRD42023486607).
Changes in the reactive hyperemia index after continuous and interval exercise
Authors: Sweet Daniel K , Patterson P Daniel , Reis Steven , Hostler Dave
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is more effective than moderate-intensity interval exercise (MICE) for improving macrovascular function (e.g., flow-mediated dilation), but less is known regarding the effect of HIIE on microvascular function. We used peripheral artery tonometry to measure the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) and examine the acute effects of HIIE and MICE on microvascular function.

Methods:

Ten healthy participants (50% men, age: 26 ± 5 years, mass: 75.6 ± 15.1 kg, height: 170 ± 10 cm, body mass index: 26.0 ± 3.1 kg∙m–2) performed single bouts of HIIE and MICE cycling on separate occasions. The MICE protocol was 20 min at 60% of maximum power output. The HIIE protocol was a 12-min warm up at 50% of maximum power output immediately followed by an 8-min Tabata protocol where participants alternated between cycling at ⩾ 100% max power (20 sec) and rest (10 sec). The RHI was measured before, immediately after, and 1 h after exercise and compared by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (condition [MICE, HIIE] and time [pre-, post-, and 1-h postexercise]).

Results:

Compared to baseline, RHI increased 1 h after MICE only ( p = 0.02). Heart rate was higher during MICE at 5 and 10 min ( p = 0.02) and higher during HIIE at min 20 ( p < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Within a sample of healthy adults, the RHI was improved 1 h after a single session of MICE but not HIIE. Future research is needed to determine the significance of the differential effects of exercise regimens on the macro- and microvasculature.
Queer presence/absence on the periphery: Insights from Hainan
Authors: Cummings James
Published: October 2024

It is widely recognised that queer research has historically favoured major metropolitan centres. This has led to now well-established literatures on queer lives in smaller cities, towns and rural areas in Western contexts. However, there remains a lack of research on such peripheral settings elsewhere in the world. In response, this article explores the lives, identities, spaces and practices of gay men in Hainan, an island province of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). As an economically less developed region and one with limited queer community infrastructures, Hainan can be considered a sexual periphery within the PRC vis-à-vis those cities that have been the focus of most existing research – Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, which have relatively developed and long-established commercial and activist queer scenes. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, I show how gay lives in Hainan are lived through an array of tensions, between visibility/invisibility, knowability/unknowability, connection/isolation and more, that I collectively describe as queer presence/absence. These tensions contrast with conclusions draw from research in the PRC’s major urban centres, which have foregrounded the emergence of relatively stable and visible gay identities. Understanding queer presence/absence in Hainan, as an example of queer lives in peripheralised settings, expands not only the empirical and geographic horizons of queer research but also contributes to conceptual debates on the ontological status of sexual identity and being.
Relationship functioning and impact of health coverage models for parents of childhood cancer patients: A systematic review
Authors: Rygh Louisa , Marrow TyKera , Pate Debra Sue , Karlson Cynthia W.
Published: October 2024

The current systematic literature review aimed to summarize and evaluate existing literature regarding parental relationship functioning during and after childhood cancer, with an exploratory evaluation regarding the impact of national health coverage model (proxy for finances). This review used MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Embase, and CENTRAL search database. Articles were reviewed ( N = 3060) against inclusion criteria, with 512 abstracts screened and 87 full-text retrieved and reviewed. Inclusion criteria: (1) childhood cancer, (2) measures parental relationship functioning, (3) English, and (4) new, empirical data. A modified version of the Downs and Black checklist was used to assess risk of bias. Narrative synthesis was used to present and discuss results. Final included articles ( N = 36) revealed mostly positive or neutral findings across parental relationship functioning subdomains within 6 months (T1) and after 6 months (T2) of childhood cancer diagnosis. Sexual intimacy was negatively impacted across timepoints. Parental stress was higher than norms at T1. Marital conflict and adjustment were also worse at T1 but returned to previous levels at T2. Some variability in parental relationship functioning was observed among the different health coverage models, but these differences were not significant. Results support systematic screening and systems-based parent support programs for families of children with cancer. Mixed-methods studies examining parental relationships longitudinally and utilizing operational definitions for out-of-pocket spending are needed.
Elicitation using kit bag methods: Exploring embodied practice with female boxers
Authors: de Vos Elaine , Mansfield Louise , Stephens Neil
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we present a novel qualitative research method that uses a boxer's kit bag and the items contained within, to explore the relationship that participants have with activity-specific material items. These immersive sensory encounters explore the participants’ experiences of interacting with their kit and how their kit contributes to identity formation and their sense of belonging in the boxing gym. This method contributes to the field of material methods and elicitation by using everyday objects to stimulate the expression of embodied experiences. By observing participants interacting with their boxing kit and encouraging reflective attention to how the body responds to each item, we can examine how objects can both promote a sense of belonging in the boxing gym and support the narration of transitions in and out of character. This method could be used to explore other sports, occupations or activities which require activity-specific objects.
Clearly (not) identifiable – The recognisability of gambling content marketing
Authors: Rossi Raffaello , Nairn Agnes
Published: October 2024

Social media marketing is evolving rapidly, with content marketing emerging as a prominent technique. Content marketing blurs the lines between content and advertising and aims to foster enduring positive relationships between brand and consumer. For gambling products, approximately 40–50% of social media adverts are content marketing. International advertising codes stipulate that advertising must be obviously identifiable as such. However, it remains unclear whether gambling content marketing is identifiable to children and young adults who are particularly vulnerable to wide ranging gambling harms. An online experiment with over 650 participants aged 11-78 investigates whether consumers in different age groups can recognise content marketing as advertising. The two main results are that firstly, children and young adults show significantly lower recognition rates for social media gambling adverts than older adults. Secondly, irrespective of age, content marketing is challenging to identify compared to conventional adverts. Recognition levels for gambling content marketing are around chance for children and young adults, while only slightly above for older adults. Yet gambling content marketing continues to appear in social media. The findings underscore the deficiencies in current advertising regulations. Other countries have banned gambling advertising completely. The authors recommend that GB regulators consider either banning gambling operators from using content marketing or stipulating mandatory inclusion of conspicuous “This is gambling advertising” labels. The authors also recommend the expansion of advertising literacy education in schools and third sector gambling education programmes. These measures would enhance consumer protection from gambling harms in the ever-evolving landscape of social media marketing.
Wage slavery: A neo-Roman account
Authors: O’Shea Tom
Published: October 2024

The idea of wage slavery is often regarded with suspicion even among critics of capitalism. Sceptics note the dubious racial politics associated with its use, while recording many differences between the condition of waged workers and chattel slaves. However, these objections are more plausible on some conceptions of wage slavery than others. I look to the history of political thought to recover and reformulate a more defensible account, drawing on a neo-Roman understanding of slavery as subjection to another’s will (rather than as ownership or social death). I demonstrate not only that a neo-Roman vocabulary was taken up by abolitionists, but recount how radical republicans used it to criticise the wage relation and call for the socialisation of property. This neo-Roman approach is shown to represent a break with more paternalistic appeals to wage slavery made by Tory radicals and Southern apologists for chattel slavery. However, in order to avoid cheapening the accusation of wage slavery, I argue that it only obtains when a worker’s ability to meet their most vital material needs is dependent on the will of employers. Thus, wage slavery becomes an extreme form of economic unfreedom, which does not encompass every case of worker domination.
Leakage identification and numerical simulation of embankment dams based on infrared thermal imaging
Authors: Li Po , Tang Lei , Zhang Shenghang , Ming Pan , Wang Yukun , Zhan Qibing , Wen Jiaqi
Published: October 2024

Timely and accurate identification of leakage is vital for ensuring the safe operation of embankment projects. However, few studies have considered utilizing information related to the temperature-field anomalies on dam surfaces obtained through infrared thermal imaging in the leakage detection process. In this context, to explore the feasibility and characteristics of infrared thermal imaging in detecting leakage in embankment dams under natural environmental conditions, this study fully considered the correlation between leakage and temperature, and on-site inspection tests were conducted for dam leakage detection based on infrared thermal imaging. By studying the coupling theory of the seepage and temperature fields, a numerical simulation study was designed to investigate the effects of water–air temperature difference and seepage-channel permeability coefficient on the surface temperature field of a downstream dam. The results showed that the infrared images captured by the imager onboard our unmanned aerial vehicle could vividly and intuitively present temperature anomalies caused by the leakage, with the lowest temperature located at the leakage outlet point. The temperature development law and infrared image characteristics of the leakage outlet of the earthen dam were consistent with the numerical simulation results. A temperature difference rate index was proposed using model calculations: the higher the temperature difference rate, the more evident the temperature anomaly in the downstream leakage area of the dam. It is advisable to choose a temperature difference value greater than 5°C between the air temperature and the reservoir water for testing while characterizing the degree of anomaly in the temperature field on the surface of small reservoirs. These findings can provide a scientific basis for leakage detection based on infrared thermal imaging using unmanned aerial vehicle platforms.
Analysis of loading modes and rates on the mechanical responses of glass fiber weft-knitted biaxial tubular fabric reinforced composites
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Jiang Gaoming
Published: October 2024

With the increasing demand for lightweight and high-strength tubes in the civil engineering, many researchers have investigated the weft-knitted biaxial tubular (WKBT) fabric reinforced composites due to their excellent mechanical properties. WKBT fabric is characterized by its seamless tubular reinforcement, with the warp yarns being straight in the axial direction and the weft yarns spinning in the circumferential direction. The mechanical response of WKBT fabric reinforced composites under three different loads (tensile load, puncture load, compression load) and three different rates (5, 10, 15 mm/min) are discussed in this paper. The results indicate that the mechanical properties and failure modes of WKBT fabric reinforced sheets are significantly affected by the glass fiber volume fraction. The concertina progressive folding is the energy absorption mode of WKBT fabric reinforced tubes under compressive load. The number of folds changes from two to three as the height of the tube increases. At the compression rate of 15 mm/min, the initial peak strength of the tubes increases by 28.14 % as their height (100, 150, 200 mm) of the tubes increases. The initial peak strength of the tubes increases by 72.78% as the compression rate increases to 200 mm height.
The Role of Intravascular Ultrasound in Limb Salvage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gee Allen , Tarricone Arthur , Lavery Lawrence A. , Wiley Karlo A. , Palmieri Noell , Sharma Samin , Krishnan Prakash
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to review the current literature of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) use in real world cohorts inclusive of chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) patients and compare the outcomes to patients imaged by angiography alone.

Methods

The systematic review was registered in Research Registry. A literature search was performed across 4 databases: PubMed, Medline/Embase, Cochrane Review, and Web of Science for eligible comparative studies. The primary outcomes examined were clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR), amputation (including minor below the ankle and major above the ankle), all-cause mortality, limb salvage and mean balloon dilation. A random effects model was used when pooling outcomes to account for heterogeneity. Publication bias was determined using eggers test and illustrated on a funnel plot.

Main Findings

Six studies were included in this review, with a total of 1883 subjects with Rutherford 1-6. Among the 1883 subjects, 940 had Rutherford 4-6. IVUS was used in 1294 subjects and angiography alone was used in 589 subjects. Pooled analysis determined no significant association in IVUS + angiography with CD-TLR (O.R = 1.43 [CI: 0.80, 2.58]), all-cause amputation (O.R = 0.63 [CI: 0.34, 1.17]), and all-cause mortality (O.R = 0.63 [CI: 0.34, 1.17]). Sub analysis of subjects with CLTI, Rutherford classes 4-6 showed an association between IVUS + angiography use with limb salvage at 1 year, O.R = 2.22 [1.24, 3.97].

Conclusion

The use of IVUS + angiography compared to angiography alone showed larger reference vessel diameter in both all-inclusive Rutherford classifications and the CLTI subset. The use of IVUS + angiography compared to angiography alone showed no difference in CD-TLR at 12 months, lower extremity amputation, and all-cause mortality for Rutherford 1-6. The use of IVUS + angiography compared to angiography alone in the CLTI subset analysis improved limb salvage.
Best Practices for Textile Collections About Documentation and Digital Data Curation
Authors: Alba Ester , Gaitán Mar , León Arabella , Sebastián Jorge
Published: October 2024

Cultural heritage organizations produce a vast quantity of heterogeneous datasets that are often held inside their walls; sometimes, they are not easily accessible for technological and organizational reasons. This increases when dealing with textile collection-based institutions that are usually small or medium-sized with a lack of resources or expertise to deal with the current digital trend. This paper shows the results of the SILKNOW H2020 project from involvement with museums housing textile collections, with the goal of helping them improve their digital asset management. This was done through three workshops held with forty museums and textile institutions and a qualitative survey with thirty-one institutions, with the aim of developing a compendium of Best Practices for Textile Collections about Documentation and Digital Data Curation, together with recommendations for future developments.
Administrator Support for the Development of Culturally Responsive IEPs in Times of Anti-DEI Climates
Authors: Clark Tina A. , Barrio Brenda
Published: October 2024

With the increase of anti-diversity, equity, and inclusion educational policies and guidelines at local school boards and state-level agencies, campus administrators have seen an increase in complex situations as they concentrate their attention on supporting the educational needs of students from marginalized communities, including those with disabilities. This article utilized a case study focusing on challenges administrators face as they seek to support culturally responsive Individualized Education Plan (IEP) development for students with intersections of disability status, race/ethnicity, and other marginalized identities while also following revised local, state, and federal policies.
Reliability and validity of five balance assessments battery in individuals with schizophrenia
Authors: Lin I-Chen , Chen Fu-Chen , Chen Chia-Hsiang , Chen Ming-De
Published: October 2024

Purpose: This study examines the test-retest reliability, concurrent and discriminant validity of Star excursion balance test (SEBT), One-leg stance (OLS), Functional reach test (FRT), Timed up-and-go test (TUG), and Tandem walking test (TW) in individuals with schizophrenia.

Methods: Thirteen participants with schizophrenia who had a history of falls and 13 age-matched controls with schizophrenia who had no history of falls received the five balance assessments battery to establish test-retest reliability. A force platform was administered to examine concurrent validity, while balance assessment performance between fallers and non-fallers was examined for discriminant validity. Conventional receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the optimal cutoff scores.

Results: Based on the 95% confidence interval of the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), the test-retest reliability was good for SEBT and TUG (ICC = .92 −.99) but poor for TW (eyes open) (ICC = .15 −.74). Concurrent validity with force platform parameters showed a larger amount of significant correlations for SEBT (with rs = −.738∼-.392) and TUG (with rs = .401–.771) and low for OLS (with rs = −.494∼-.398). The discriminant validity was established for SEBT and TUG. The highest area under the curves (AUC >.8) was noted for SEBT and TUG, demonstrating better sensitivity and specificity. The cutoff score for specific assessment was also provided.

Conclusion: The SEBT and TUG demonstrated better reliability and validity for examining the balance functions of individuals with schizophrenia. Furthermore, with the larger AUC, the SEBT and TUG showed superior performance in identifying fall risks.
Dramatizing Care: An Ethnodrama Into Syrian Refugee Women’s Healthcare Challenges and Coping in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Al-Hamad Areej , Metersky Kateryna , Yasin Yasin M.
Published: October 2024

The complex healthcare struggles faced by Syrian refugee women in Ontario, Canada necessitate innovative methodologies that transcend traditional research dissemination to accurately reflect their diverse lived experiences. Ethnodrama emerges as a potent tool in this context, addressing the noticeable gap in engaging wider audiences—including the refugee women themselves—in the research process through dynamic and impactful knowledge mobilization. This study investigates the healthcare challenges and coping strategies of Syrian refugee women using ethnodrama, explores their potential to facilitate knowledge transfer, empower women, and ultimately impact refugee health policy and practice. As part of a broader critical ethnography project involving 25 Syrian refugee women, this research integrates critical ethnography with intersectionality to delve into the participants’ interactions with the Ontario healthcare system. The data collected were transformed into dramatic scripts, which were then created by the research team in a simulated hospital environment to maintain the confidentiality and anonymity of the study participants. The process entailed iterative script development, filming, and revisions, ensuring that the portrayal was both accurate and resonant, effectively engaging the audience. The study identified three key themes: navigating and coping with healthcare hurdles, barriers to timely specialist care and cultural dissonance in healthcare. The use of ethnodrama not only enhanced the understanding of these issues but also demonstrated its significant potential in empowering refugee women and influencing public policy. By presenting complex social issues in an engaging and comprehensible manner, ethnodrama has proven to be an effective tool for social change, enhancing policy engagement and providing refugee women with a valuable platform to voice their experiences. This approach not only contributes to the fields of qualitative research and public policy but also underscores the transformative power of integrating artistic modalities with traditional research methods to enact social change and empower marginalized communities.
Vibration characteristics of composite plates considering fluid-structure coupling
Authors: Wang Chen , Liu Qiang
Published: October 2024

In order to investigate the influence of fluid-structure coupling on the dynamic characteristics of the amphibious aircraft, the free vibration characteristics of composite plates in contact with a bounded fluid are studied based on the combination of Nurbs-Bézier and penalty function in which the fluid-structure coupling effect is equivalent to added mass that is uniformly distributed over the wet area. The numerical accuracy and convergence are also examined by comparison with the open literatures. Using parametric analysis, the effects of elastic restrained edge stiffness, aspect ratio, fluid depth ratio, fiber orientation, initial pre-stress, and initial imperfection on the free vibration characteristics of composite plates are examined and discussed in detail. The results indicate that the proposed analysis method has high accuracy and the fluid-structure coupling has a significant impact on the vibration characteristics of composite plates under different fluid depth ratios.
Exploring structural variations and topological descriptors of square-hexagonal kink chains of type T2,2 in engineering applications
Authors: Chunsong Bai , Khalil Maham , Razzaque Asima , Kanwal Salma , Nazir Robina , Noor Saima
Published: October 2024

Square-hexagonal kink chains, also known as hexagonal kink chains or simply kink chains, are structural configurations used in engineering for various purposes, including material science, nano-technology and mechanics. The square hexagonal kink chain likely describes a chain-like structure where the individual units have square and hexagon-like shapes and are arranged with symmetry. Additionally, there are likely points in the chain where the linear arrangement deviates or kinks, possibly due to some structural irregularity. A nonterminal hexagon is regarded as a kink if it contains two neighbouring vertices of degree [Formula: see text], while a nonterminal square is considered a kink if and only if it has a vertex of degree [Formula: see text]. The kinks from these two types of arrangements are called kinks of type [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Our objective is to discover three possible arrangements of kinks of type [Formula: see text] further, depending on the process of how different polygons are attached at different places, holding the condition to make a kink at each step. In this work, we have calculated forgotten, geometric-arithmetic, sum-connectivity and atom bond-connectivity indices for the kink chains. A comparison between these topological descriptor is given by computing their numerical values for each kink chain.
A microfluidic model of the first sensory synapse for analgesic target discovery
Authors: Kimourtzis Georgios , Raouf Ramin
Published: October 2024

The synaptic connections between dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and dorsal horn (DH) neurons are a crucial relay point for the transmission of painful stimuli. To delineate how synaptic plasticity may modulate the excitability of DH neurons, we have devised a microfluidic co-culture model that recapitulates the first sensory synapse using postnatal mouse sensory neurons. We show that DRG-DH co-cultures characterize salient features of the in vivo physiology of sensory neurons. Immunocytcochemical experiments of the cultured DH neurons show a co-localization of Map2 with VGlut2 and of Map2 with Synapsin 1, corroborating the glutamatergic identity of the DH neurons and further suggesting the potential formation of active synapses in this neuronal set. Fluorometric imaging experiments demonstrate the elicitation of calcium responses in DH neurons following the stimulation of DRG cell bodies or axons. Selective NMDA and AMPA receptor blockade appreciably silences DH neuron responses, suggesting that glutamatergic signaling is maintained in vitro. Last, a surrogate model of peripheral nerve injury is introduced in the form of an axotomy, which results in elevated and prolonged calcium responses of DH neurons. Overall, the microfluidic mouse co-cultures provide a method advancement in the study of periphery-to-center pain signaling, where the potential of utilizing the platform for drug target identification is underscored.