bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Floating Constructed Wetlands Efficiency in Removal of Total Hardness, Calcium and Magnesium from Secondary Treated Sewage Water
Authors: Kumari Monika , kumar Vinay , Sharma Bindu
Published: December 2023

Floating Constructed wetlands (FCWs) also popular as Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) were used in situ for suspended solids,heavy metals, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), faecal coliform bacteria, nutrients and heavy metalsremediation from various types of wastewater. However, there was limited data available on total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca2+) andmagnesium (Mg2+) ions removal from secondary treated sewage water (STSW). This article focuses on TH, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions removalefficiency of FCWs from STSW. Mesocosms include a control (without FCWs), FCWs planted with macrophyte plant species Cannaindica var. indica L. (S1) and Typha angustifolia L. (S2) and one mixed culture with both Typha and Canna plants (S3). The changes in TH,Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration in wastewater were recorded at a 7-day hydraulic retention time (HRT) for 7 batches. Mean percentageremoval efficiency recorded was 9.8, 1.7, 4.9 and 11.2% for TH, -3.4, 7.6, 27.1 and 14.1% for Ca2+and 29.5, 4.2, -0.6, and -0.6% for Mg2+,in Control, S1, S2, S3 FCWs respectively. Results showed that S2 and S3 FCWs are effective in TH and Ca2+ removal but not for Mg2+ ions.Thus, FCWs can reduce TH and Ca2+ ions concentration along with nutrients from STSW.
Digital Critical Pedagogy: Describing Paths to Digital Equity
Authors: Carius Ana , Scartoni Fabiana Rodrigues
Published: December 2023

This work aims to analyse the speed of implementation of pedagogical practices during the COVID-19 pandemic without concern for the specificities inherent to education for the popular classes, seeking to answer the following guiding question: Is it necessary a revisit to the concept of Paulo Freire's Critical Pedagogy in digital times, to provide the digital equity of the popular classes through education? An exploratory and qualitative case study was carried out with educational actors. Based on this study, it was possible to observe that the pedagogical practices used during the period when schools were closed did not corroborate the wishes of the actors involved and, therefore, led to an expansion of social inequality through the existing digital inequality. Consequently, it is necessary to rescue Freire's teachings, modifying pedagogical practices in this new scenario towards digital equity.

Keywords: Critical Pedagogy; digital equity; educational technology; popular classes; qualitative study.
Trajetórias afetivo-sexuais de adolescentes em situação de pobreza e suas decisões-ações intencionais para engravidar
Authors: Silva Ana Maria Nunes da , Correa Aurea Christina de Paula de Paula , Mandú Edir Nei Teixeira , Gaíva Maria Aparecida Munhoz , Vieira Viviane Cazetta de Lima , Marcon Sonia Silva
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: entender como eventos relacionais, posições sobre métodos contraceptivos e negociações com o parceiro sobre ter o filho encontram-se implicados nos engravidamentos das participantes. Método: participaram dezesseis grávidas entre 15  e 19 anos, que intencionaram o evento, selecionadas em território de vulnerabilidade social de uma capital brasileira. Foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais, orientadas por temas, com o uso adicional dos recursos: autorretrato, mapa relacional, foto-elicitação e WhatsApp, considerando preceitos da Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: os engravidamentos mostraram-se intrincados à intenção de constituir uma família com filhos, à construção de trajetórias afetivo-sexuais direcionadas a esse desfecho, com  contracepção secundária, e à decisão do ter filho pouco refletida e negociada com o par, caracterizada por pressão, imposição e transferência de responsabilidade, exercida por ambos. Conclusão:  a abordagem, pelos profissionais de saúde, do engravidar de adolescentes requer considerar a influência nelas imbricada de aspectos de ordem subjetiva, relacional, agencial e social.
Evaluation of the Effect of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris on the Performance of Membrane Bioreactor for Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Faqih Hana , Raygita May Hastuti  , Zuhriah Mumtazah  , Helda Wika Amini  , Meta Fitri Rizkiana
Published: December 2023

Water pollution, especially from industry, is a problem that continues to emerge and even get worse. Rising sludge events often occur in industrial wastewater treatment processes. Process engineering with the addition of microalgae is proposed in this study to overcome the occurrence of rising sludge and improve wastewater quality based on dissolved oxygen levels. The control variables used were MLSS 1000 mg/L, microalgae Chlorella vulgaris 106 L, and urea and TSP 1,75 kg each. The dependent variable is rising sludge and DO levels while the independent variable is time. This research went through several stages, namely seeding microalgae, seeding microalgae into activated sludge in MBBR, experimenting with combining microalgae and activated sludge in MBBR, and installing ultrafiltration membranes with a WWTP capacity of 150 m3/day. The addition of microalgae in the MBBR process has a positive impact in improving the quality of industrial wastewater, which is characterized by the absence of rising sludge and DO levels exceeding the minimum threshold.
ARE THE CARIAN PSEUDO-GLOSSES OF SCYTHIAN ORIGIN? A RE-EXAMINATION
Authors: ÜNAL Orçun
Published: December 2023

Carian is an extinct language of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family, which is attested in numerous inscriptions, graffiti, and coins written in the so-called Carian script. The Carian glosses cited by Byzantine writers, mainly by Stephan of Byzantium, are the main secondary source for the Carian language. Despite the hundred-year-long search for etymologies and the almost completed decipherment of the Carian inscriptions, these pseudo-glosses have not been fully explained. The present study links three of the seven most certain of these glosses, namely κόον/κῶν/κοῖον ‘sheep’, γίσσα ‘stone’, and ἄλα ‘horse’, to some Altaic and Xiongnu words and traces their origin back to a non-Indo-European language spoken among the Scythians. The language in question is assumed to be the donor of Proto-Turkic *kōńï̆ ‘sheep’, Proto-Bulgar Turkic *kïsa ‘rock, cliff’, and Early Common Turkic *halan ‘horse’. These forms also entered the Mongolic, Tungusic, and other neighboring languages. The parallelism between the Carian pseudo-glosses and these word forms is the result of the linguistic contact at the two opposite ends of the Scythic culture.
KARI ÇOR TEGİN YAZITI İLE İLGİLİ YAPILAN ÇALIŞMALAR HAKKINDA BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: AYDIN Mihriban
Published: December 2023

2012 yılının son günlerinde Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin Xi’an (西安) kentinde Eski Türkçe ve Tang Hanedanlığı dönemi Çincesiyle yazılmış bir mezar taşı bulunmuştur. Yazıt bulunduktan sonra Xi’an kentindeki Datang xishi (大唐西市) Müzesine nakledilmiştir. Çince ve Eski Türkçe metin, birbirinin çevirisi değildir. Yazıtın Eski Türkçe bölümü, on yedi satırlık bir metin içermektedir. Yazıt hakkındaki ilk bilimsel toplantı, 07 Nisan 2013 tarihinde Pekin Üniversitesi’nde (北京大学) yapılmış olup yazıtın hem Çincesi hem de Eski Türkçesi ile ilgili metin neşirleri, 2013 yılı içerisinde başlamıştır. Bu makale, ilk yayınlardan bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmaların genel bir değerlendirmesini içermektedir. İlk bölümde Eski Türkçe metnin neşirlerine, ikinci bölümde ise yazıt hakkında yapılan çalışmalara değinilmiştir. Değerlendirme bölümünde ise Eski Türkçe metindeki farklı okumalar değerlendirilmiş; yazıtın Çince metninde farklı okuma ve anlamlandırma bulunmadığı için üzerinde durulmamıştır. Yakın zamanda bulunan bu yazıtın, Uygur Kağanlığı’nın orta dönemlerinde gelişen olaylar hakkında önemli bilgiler verdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
ANÁLISE DA INTERNAÇÃO POR NEOPLASIA MALIGNA DO ENCÉFALO DO BRASIL NO PERÍODO DE 2011 A AGOSTO DE 2022
Authors: Gomes Ferreira Filho Marcio Adriano , Ernandes de Morais Neto Joaquim , Carvalho Mendes Luis Miguel , Silva Luz Josué Júnior , Coelho da Silva Cruz Sabryna , De Santana Costa Danillo , De Carvalho Leite Noely
Published: December 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A neoplasia maligna do encéfalo é uma forma de tumor cerebral caracterizado pela proliferação de células anormais no interior da região. Essa patologia está inserida dentro do grupo das neoplasias malignas do Sistema Nervoso Central (SNC), as quais representam entre 1,4 a 1,8% de todos os tumores malignos presentes no mundo. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a quantidade e as variáveis dos índices de internação por neoplasia maligna do encéfalo no Brasil. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e retrospectivo com coleta de dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde - DATASUS. A pesquisa foi realizada mediante informações de estatísticas vitais no grupo de Morbidade Hospitalar do SUS (SIH/ SUS). Foram analisados os dados disponíveis pelo CID 10 de ambos os sexos, faixas etárias e região com maior incidência. RESULTADOS: Foram constatados no período analisado 161.269 casos de internação por neoplasia maligna do encéfalo. No tocante ao sexo, 52,28% dos casos são do sexo masculino e 47,72% do sexo feminino. Das faixas etárias, as internações são mais prevalentes entre 50 a 59 anos de idade com 19,22% dos casos totais de internação por neoplasia maligna do encéfalo, sendo 43,63% da região sudeste os maiores casos de notificações. CONCLUSÕES: Depreende-se, portanto, que o número de internações por neoplasia maligna do encéfalo é maior em pessoas do sexo masculino, sobretudo na faixa etária dos 50 a 59 anos, com destaque marcante para a região sudeste do país.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Neoplasia. Cérebro. Internação
ARGUIÇÃO DA PREVALÊNCIA DOS CASOS DE HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA NO BRASIL DE JANEIRO DE 2022 A SETEMBRO DE 2023 E O EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO COMO MITIGADOR DA PATOLOGIA
Authors: De Oliveira Alves Guimarães Henrique , Fernandes de Morais Neto Joaquim , Carvalho de Aguiar Guilherme Elias
Published: December 2023

Introdução: Hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) é uma condição onde os níveis pressóricos estão continuadamente elevados, produzindo de forma consistente lesão das artérias de grande, médio e pequeno calibre, bem como lesão do coração de diversas formas e de outros órgãos nobres como cérebro e rins. Objetivos: o artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma arguição epidemiológica da HAS no Brasil de janeiro de 2022 a setembro de  2023.  Metodologia: É um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva, realizado por meio da coleta de dados anuais disponibilizado pelo Sistema de Internação Hospitalar (SIH), referentes ao período entre o mês de janeiro de 2022 a setembro de 2023 , no Brasil. As informações coletadas foram do número total de casos confirmados de Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica Resultados: Identificou-se um total de 67920 casos confirmados, com maior incidência em mulheres, em pardos e em pessoas na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos. O Sudeste foi a região com maior Taxa de Mortalidade. Conclusão: A HAS é uma doença não tem cura , entretanto com o tratamento adequado, o paciente pode manter a qualidade de vida.

Palavras-chave: Hipertensão. Pressão. Epidemiologia
EPIDEMIOLOGIA DOS CASOS DE HANSENÍASE EM MENORES DE 15 ANOS, NOTIFICADOS EM PALMAS-TOCANTINS, REFERENTES AO BIÊNIO 2021-2022.
Authors: Pereira Castro Camilo Ana Beatriz , Alves de Castro Neto Antônio , Medeiros de Melo Rycharles Rudson
Published: December 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: Define-se hanseníase como doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium leprae. De evolução lenta, se manifesta, principalmente, por meio de sinais e sintomas dermatoneurológicos, como lesões dérmicas e nos nervos periféricos, com maior incidência nos olhos, mãos e pés. É considerada de alta infectividade e baixa patogenicidade - infecta várias pessoas, porém poucas adoecem, atingindo ambos os sexos e todas as idades, porém, raramente, em crianças. A incidência em menores de 15 anos está relacionada com uma maior endemicidade da micobacteriose. METODOLOGIA: Estudo longitudinal descritivo, quantitativo e analítico, por meio da  análise secundária do banco de dados do DATASUS e do SINAN, sendo a população delimitada pela quantidade de casos de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos, notificados ao SUS, em Palmas - Tocantins, referentes ao biênio 2021-2022. RESULTADOS: Foram registrados 29 casos de hanseníase em menores de 15 anos, em Palmas - Tocantins, prevalecendo no sexo feminino. A forma clínica predominante na faixa etária analisada é a dimorfa, representada por 21 ocorrências. Já em relação à evolução do caso, tem-se, com maior frequência, o não preenchimento dos dados. CONCLUSÃO: A presença da Moléstis de Hansen em crianças indica a presença de um contactante multibacilar próximo e frequente, sendo necessária a investigação do contexto familiar e/ou domiciliar. É uma doença curável e quanto mais precoce o diagnóstico e tratamento, sendo a terapêutica feita corretamente, mais rápida é a evolução para a cura, prevenindo também as incapacidades e deformidades, pois a poliquimioterapia torna o bacilo inviável desde o início do tratamento.
NILAI PH DAN TOTAL ASAM LAKTAT SUSU PASTEURISASI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK DAUN BINAHONG (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN
Authors: Maryana Dwi , Suriani Suriani , Wahab Ali Akbar , Maruddin Fatma , Malaka Ratmawati
Published: December 2023

The utilization of Binahong leaf extract in pasteurized milk is an alternative to maintain the quality of pasteurized milk. The research objective was to determine the quality of pasteurized milk with the addition of binahong leaf extract and different storage times for pH values and lactic acid content. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial pattern with 2 (two) factors. The first factor (A) is the concentration of Binahong leaf extract (0%, 4%, 5%, 6%) and the second factor (B) is storage time (0 days, 3 days, 6 days, 9 days) of each the treatment, repeated 3 times. The results showed that the concentration of Binahong leaf extract, interaction time, and interaction had a very significant effect on the pH value of pasteurized milk. The effect of Binahong leaf extract and storage time had a significant effect on lactic acid content, but the interaction between the two treatments had no significant effect. The conclusion of this research is that the higher the concentration of Binahong leaf extract, the pH value decreases, and the lactic acid content of pasteurized milk increases. The longer the storage decreased the pH value,  but increased the lactic acid content of pasteurized milk. The concentration of Binahong leaf extract 0-6% and storage time of 6 days still has good pasteurized milk quality.
Academics with disabilities during transformation to a New African University in South Africa
Authors: Ndlovu Sibonokuhle
Published: December 2023

The idea of transformation to a ‘new African university’ has become topical in contemporary African education scholarship. Whilst it is claimed that the process seeks to include all stakeholders, academics with disabilities are excluded because of discourses and dynamics in Africa’s higher education that have remained deeply embedded in Eurocentric thinking and mind-set. This paper applied Critical Disability Theory to analyse the challenges that face academics with disabilities in the areas of teaching, research, community engagement and doctoral supervision in South African higher education and that must be appropriately and adequately addressed for a successful transformation to a “‘new’ African University”. Data were collected through an analysis of South African literature on exclusion of students with disabilities as research, community engagement and supervision are regarded as a continuum and involve both students and the academics. Findings revealed that academics with disabilities are confronted with specific challenges similar to those faced by students with disabilities, as they all function within the same context during transformation to a ‘new African university’. The challenges are inaccessible physical environment, negative attitudes from the community members, impairment-related disadvantages, lack of adequate funding and lack of adequate media for use, which all compound to limit their functioning like their able-bodied counterparts. Including the voice of academics with disabilities in disability policy was proposed as a way to alleviate the challenges they confront enabling them to contribute positively to scholarship and thus affirm the transformation to a new African University
Utilización de servicios preventivos de salud sexual y reproductiva antes y durante la pandemia de Covid-19 en México
Authors: Suárez-López Leticia , Hubert Celia , De la Vara-Salazar Elvia , Villalobos Aremis
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Analizar la utilización de servicios preventivos de salud sexual y reproductiva (SPSSR) en mujeres y hombres adultos antes y durante la pandemia Covid-19 y características sociodemográficas asociadas. Material y métodos. Usando la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2018-19, 2021 y 2022 se analizó información sobre las pruebas realizadas de Papanicolaou y VPH, exploración clínica de mamas, mastografía, antígeno prostático y tacto rectal. Se construyeron modelos logísticos multivariados estratificados por sexo para explorar la asociación entre la utilización de los SPSSR y variables seleccionadas. Resultados. Desde antes de la pandemia se observan bajas prevalencias en procedimientos diagnósticos, particularmente en hombres, que se agudizaron durante la emergencia sanitaria. La población con un perfil sociodemográfico más favorecido presenta mayor posibilidad de utilizar SPSSR; asimismo, se observan inequidades de género en algunas características. Conclusión. La experiencia de la pandemia puso de manifiesto la necesidad de mejorar y fortalecer los SPSSR para lograr una mayor eficiencia.
Tamizaje, prevalencia, diagnóstico previo, tratamiento y control de hipertensión, hipercolesterolemia y diabetes en adultos mexicanos. Ensanut 2022
Authors: Rojas-Martínez Rosalba , Escamilla-Núñez Consuelo , Castro-Porras Lilia , Basto-Abreu Ana , Barrientos-Gutiérrez Tonatiuh , Romero-Martínez Martín , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Describir las estimaciones de tamizaje, prevalencia, diagnóstico previo, tratamiento y control de hipertensión, hipercolesterolemia y diabetes, así como sus factores asociados en los adultos mexicanos. Material y métodos. Se utilizó información de los adultos de 20 años o más participantes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2022 (Ensanut 2022). Se presentan estimaciones de prevalencias con sus intervalos de confianza al 95%, y modelos de regresión logística múltiple para cada padecimiento, con factores asociados al tamizaje, diagnóstico previo, tratamiento y control. Resultados. El tamizaje de estas tres enfermedades es bajo, menor a 15%. La prevalencia de hipercolesterolemia y de diabetes es de 18% y la de hipertensión es 27.8%; cerca de la mitad conoce su diagnóstico. La proporción de pacientes con tratamiento farmacológico ha incrementado, pero menos de la mitad está en control. Conclusión. Es recomendable que la detección de estas enfermedades se haga de manera integrada con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Se necesita aumentar los porcentajes de tamizaje, incrementar la proporción de enfermos con diagnóstico previo, mejorar el porcentaje de tratamiento médico de estas enfermedades y, sobre todo, aumentar la proporción de enfermos con tratamiento en control metabólico.
Conductas de riesgo asociadas con el inicio sexual temprano en adolescentes en México
Authors: De la Vara-Salazar Elvia , Villalobos Aremis , Hubert Celia , Suárez-López Leticia
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Analizar factores asociados con el inicio sexual temprano (IST) en mujeres y hombres de 15 a 19 años. Material y métodos. Utilizando información de adolescentes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2022, se examina el IST (<15 años). Mediante un enfoque ecológico se ajustaron modelos probit multivariados por sexo para explorar factores sociodemográficos, psicosociales y de comportamiento sexual asociados con IST. Resultados. Mujeres residentes en la región Pacífico-Centro y Pacífico-Sur, así como aquellas con pareja sexual de mayor edad por cinco años o más y hombres con estrato socioeconómico medio, tienen mayor probabilidad de IST que sus contrapartes de la región Pacífico-Norte, diferencia de edad con la pareja menor a cinco años y estrato bajo, respectivamente. Conclusión. Debido a que el IST en adolescentes está determinado por el contexto sociodemográfico y desigualdades de género, para una sexualidad saludable se requiere garantizar educación integral en sexualidad y servicios de salud de calidad.
Tendencia del consumo de frutas, verduras y leguminosas en adultos mexicanos. Ensanut 2012-2022
Authors: Medina-Zacarías María Concepción , Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia Concepción , Martinez-Tapia Brenda , Valenzuela-Bravo Danae Gabriela , Gaona-Pineda Elsa Berenice , Arango-Angarita Andrea , Shamah-Levy Teresa
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Evaluar el consumo y porcentaje de adultos en apego a recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) e EAT-Lancet Commission on Food, Planet, Health sobre consumo de frutas, verduras y leguminosas, y sus cambios en el periodo de 2012-2022. Material y métodos. Se analizó información de 29 757 adultos >20 años, obtenida del cuestionario semicuantitativo de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos de las Encuestas Nacionales de Salud y Nutrición 2012-2022. Se estimó el consumo de frutas, verduras y leguminosas mediante modelos de regresión cuantílica y el porcentaje de población que cumplió las recomendaciones de consumo de la OMS y de una dieta de salud planetaria con modelos de regresión logit. Todos los modelos se ajustaron por covariables. Resultados. De 2012 a 2020-2022, el consumo de frutas se mantuvo constante (113.5-131 g/día) y el de verduras incrementó (de 83 a 109 g/día), mientras que el consumo de leguminosas disminuyó (de 10 a 7.7 g/día). Se encontró bajo porcentaje de adultos (<40%) que cumplieron las recomendaciones, sobre todo de leguminosas (<1.5%), situación que se mantuvo constante a lo largo de los 10 años analizados. Conclusiones. Existe una tendencia a la disminución en el consumo de leguminosas y el consumo de frutas y verduras sigue siendo bajo.
Epidemia de intoxicación por plomo: su atención desde las normas oficiales mexicanas para proteger la salud de la población
Authors: Rojas-Bracho Leonora , Farías-Serra Paulina , Santos-Burgoa Carlos , Talayero María José
Published: December 2023

El daño por plomo a la salud poblacional no es el saturnismo, sino la intoxicación crónica a dosis bajas. Aunque la máxima en toxicología de “a mayor dosis, mayor el efecto” aplica al plomo, enfocarse en prevenir exposiciones bajas o moderadas es más relevante para la salud pública. Esta es la paradoja de la prevención de la intoxicación con plomo: la gran mayoría de las personas tiene concentraciones relativamente bajas de plomo en sangre, pero al no haberse identificado un umbral por debajo del cual el plomo en sangre no dañe la salud, es en estos casos en donde más se concentra la carga total de la enfermedad atribuible al plomo. En México, la intoxicación con plomo ha sido una epidemia silenciosa: en 2019 resultó en la pérdida de más de 245 000 años de vida saludable.
Efficiency of eSource Direct Data Capture in Investigator-Initiated Clinical Trials in Oncology
Authors: YAEGASHI Hiroko , HAYASHI Yukikazu , TAKEDA Makoto , CHIU Shih-Wei , NAKAYAMA Haruhiko , ITO Hiroyuki , TAKANO Atsushi , TSUBOI Masahiro , TERAMOTO Koji , SUZUKI Hiroyuki , KATO Tatsuya , YASUI Hiroshi , NAGAMURA Fumitaka , DAIGO Yataro , Yamaguchi Takuhiro
Published: December 2023

Background
Clinical trials have become larger and more complex. Thus, eSource should be used to enhance efficiency. This study aimed to investigate the impact of using direct data capture (eSource DDC) using electronic case report forms as source data on the efficiency of a late-phase, multicenter, investigator-initiated clinical trial in oncology.
Methods
Source data identification list, electronic data capture (EDC) database structure specifications, audit trails output from EDC, and monitoring reports were used to analyze varying collection items of DDC at each site, time from data occurrence to data entry and data finalization, and number of visits to the site and time spent at the site by clinical research associates (CRAs). Additionally, simulations were performed on the change in hours at the clinical sites during the implementation of eSource DDC.
Results
The percentage of fields with DDC was 61.9–84.5%, indicating variations across sites. The forms commonly defined as DDC for all sites tended to be initially entered by clinical research coordinators. No difference in time from data occurrence to data entry was observed between the DDC and the transcribed data fields. However, the DDC fields could be finalized 4 days earlier than the non-DDC fields. Additionally, although no difference was observed in the number of visits for source data verification (SDV) by CRAs, a comparison between sites that introduced eSource DDC and those that did not showed that the time spent at the site for SDV was reduced. Furthermore, the simulation results indicated that even a small amount of data to be collected or a small percentage of DDC-capable items may lead to greater efficiency when the number of subjects per site is significant.
Conclusions
The implementation of eSource DDC may enhance efficiency, depending on the study framework and the type and number of items to be collected.
Exploring the Roles of Ribosomal Peptides in Prokaryote-Phage Interactions through Deep Learning-Enabled Metagenome Mining
Authors: Gao Ying , Zhong Zheng , Zhang Dengwei , Zhang Jian , Li Yong-Xin
Published: December 2023

Background
Microbial secondary metabolites play a crucial role in the intricate interactions within the natural environment. Amongst these metabolites, ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are becoming a promising source of therapeutic agents due to their structural diversity and functional versatility. However, their biosynthetic capacity and ecological functions remain largely underexplored.
Results
Here, we aim to explore the biosynthetic profile of RiPPs and their potential roles in the interactions between microbes and viruses in the ocean, which encompasses a vast diversity of unique biomes that are rich in interactions and remain chemically underexplored. We first develop TrRiPP to identify RiPPs from ocean metagenomes, a deep learning method that detects RiPP precursors in a hallmark gene-independent manner to overcome the limitations of classic methods in processing highly fragmented metagenomic data. Applying this method to metagenomes from the global ocean microbiome, we uncover a diverse array of previously uncharacterized RiPP families with great novelty and diversity. Through correlation analysis based on multi-omics data, we observe a high prevalence of antiphage defense-related and phage-related protein families that co-occurred or co-expressed with RiPP families. Based on this putative association between RiPPs and phage infection, we constructed an Ocean Virus Database (OVD) and established a RiPP-involving host-phage interaction network through host prediction and co-expression analysis, revealing complex connectivities linking RiPP-encoding prokaryotes, RiPP families, viral protein families, and phages. These findings highlight the potential of RiPP families involved in prokaryote-phage interactions and coevolution, providing insights into their ecological functions in the ocean microbiome.
Conclusions
This study provides a systematic investigation of the biosynthetic potential of RiPPs from the ocean microbiome at a global scale, shedding light on the essential insights into the ecological functions of RiPPs in prokaryote-phage interactions through the integration of deep learning approaches, multi-omics data, and host-phage connectivity. This study serves as a valuable example of exploring the ecological functions of bacterial secondary metabolites, particularly their associations with unexplored microbial interactions.
Photochemical Upcycling of Ultrastrong Polyethylene Nanomembranes into Fibrous Carbon at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Gao Ping , SUN Yuexiang , Ma Xin , Gu Qiao
Published: December 2023

The escalating global issue of plastic waste accumulation, specifically polyolefins, necessitates an urgent solution for upcycling these materials into beneficial compounds. Yet, achieving such upcycling without introducing carbon dioxide into the environment remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we demonstrate an eco-friendly approach for the photochemical conversion of ultrastrong, ultratransparent, and ultrathin polyethylene membrane into fibrous carbon nanomembrane at ambient conditions. The membrane was sputter-coated with platinum and cuprous oxide nanoparticles and exposed to simulated sunlight, resulting in a porous carbon membrane decorated with Pt nanoparticles. The new carbonized nanomembrane maintained the pristine membrane's morphology. The membrane exhibited high activity (2.11 mA/cm2) for electrochemical ethanol oxidation with stability over 1000 cycles. This work holds significance for sustainable plastic waste management and the design of new polyolefin materials in a circular economy.
Is there an association between COVID-19 infection and fetuses with mirror-image dextrocardia?
Authors: Wenjiao Xu , Wei Yajuan , Huo Huanhuan , Zhao Enfa , Liu Baomin
Published: December 2023

I am excited to write a letter to share our findings.Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which belongs to the family of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses [1]. On December 7, 2022, the Chinese government lifted the restrictions on controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in an explosive increase in the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate among the Chinese population. The self-reported infection rate, as determined from an online survey, reached its peak (15.5%) between December 19 and 21, 2022, with an estimated 82.4% of individuals in China being infected as of February 7, 2023 [2]. Mirror-image dextrocardia is rare, with varying incidence among studies and countries. According to the literature, the incidence ranges from 1/8,000 to 2,0000[3]. In our recent routine prenatal screening of fetuses, we found 4 cases of fetal mirror dextrocardia within just one month. And The last menstrual period of these pregnant women was in November 2022. Is there an association between COVID-19 infection and fetuses with mirror-image dextrocardia? Therefore, we conducted an epidemiological investigation to analyze the incidence of mirror-image dextrocardia in pregnant women and fetuses before and after the lifting of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) control measures in China on December 7, 2022.
Implication of Fault Seal Analysis Method to Evaluate the Sealing Conditions of Major Fault Planes at Barapukuria Basin, North-West Bangladesh
Authors: Roy Sushanta Kumar , Shemu Tamanna Meheran , Alam Mohammad Jahangir
Published: December 2023

The Barapukuria Coal Mine is Bangladesh's first and only producing coal mine. The basin is characterized by two major faults that encompass the basin's periphery, as well as multiple minor faults and mine-induced reactivation faults. An extensive Upper Dupitila aquifer and Gondwana Upper Sandstone aquifer are the probable sources of inundation. This study focuses on determining the unsealed faults that can create a potential threat of water leakage in the mine area based on the superposition of lithological sequences, aquifer properties, and sealing capacity of the fault plane using the fault seal analysis method. The superposition of lithological sequences proposed that the northern portion of the study area is more vulnerable to underground inundation due to the presence of very thin or no impermeable layers between the upper UDT aquifer and the underlain Gondwana formation. The fault seal analysis, reveals that the SGR values for the largest Eastern Boundary Fault were estimated to be 0.08 and 0.13; 0.05 for the second largest fault FB; 0.35 and 0.53 for the fault FB-1; and 5.65, 1.69, and 1.22 for the three smaller faults, BGP-N-F11, BGP-N-F2, and F-24. According to Yielding et al classifications of fault sealing, these SGR value represents that the largest Eastern Boundary and the FB fault dip to the west and have an angle of dip of 750-800, indicating that they are susceptible to inundation. An incident of underground flooding along the FB fault plane was reported in 1998, which resembled the study's outcomes.
Identification of SSR markers linked to the abscission of cotton bolls traits and mining germplasm in Cotton
Authors: Guangling SHUI , Hairong LIN , Xiaomei MA , Bo ZHU , Peng HAN , Aini Nurimanguli , Chunping GUO , Yuanlong WU , Zhenyuan PAN , Chunyuan YOU , Guoli SONG , Nie Xinhui
Published: December 2023

Background: Cotton is one of the most important economic crops. To effectively improve yield of cotton, an urgent way is decreasing the abscission of cotton bolls and buds. However, unclear genetic and molecular mechanism underlying cotton bolls abscission traits hindered the genetic improvement of cotton.
Methods: In this study, the correlation analysis between abscission traits and other agronomically important traits were carried out by Pearson correlation analysis. Then, a genome-wide association study for these traits were performed based on 145 alleles locus with highly polymorphism and uniformly distributed on 26 chromosomes by TASSEL V2.1 software. The loci of elite allelic variation and typical materials carrying elite alleles were determined by association study.
Results: The Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation among AR1 (boll abscission rate 1) and AR2 (boll abscission rate 2). There were 18, 46 and 62 markers significantly associated with abscission traits, fiber quality traits and yield traits (P < 0.05), and explaining 1.75% ~ 7.13%, 1.16% ~ 9.58% and 1.40% ~ 5.44% of the phenotypic variation respectively. Among these markers, MON_CGR5732aand MON_CGR5732b markers were associated with cotton abscission traits, fiber quality traits and yield traits loci, and 13 marker loci have been reported by previous studies. In addition, based on phenotypic effects six typical materials with elite allele loci related to fiber quality traits were identified and they will be widely used in practical breeding.
Conclusions: Phenotypic analysis of 238 accessions showed that the traits were relatively stable under four environmental conditions, and AR2 was an important indicator of abscission. Association analysis based on SSR markers provides two excellent allelic variants associated with low abscission rate and the six typical materials with excellent alleles.
Translating electrophysiological signatures of awareness into thalamocortical mechanisms by inverting systems-level computational models across arousal states
Authors: Medel Vicente , Shine James , Munn Brandon , Muller Eli , Casey Cameron , Sanders Robert
Published: December 2023

While consciousness never fades during wakefulness, there is a paradoxical coexistence of consciousness during dreaming states. It’s also possible for sensory awareness to be either present or absent when awakened from seemingly-identical states of sedation and anaesthesia. Traditionally, these states have been characterised in terms of their electroencephalographic neural correlates, however, without clear underlying neurobiological mechanisms. To bridge this gap, we invert a validated neural mass model of the corticothalamic system using scalp EEG collected during nonlinear transitions in conscious experience and sensory awareness across varying depths of dexmedetomidine sedation. We found that a decline in conscious experience and sensory awareness with dexmedetomidine was associated with a decrease in the engagement of excitatory thalamocortical loop resonances, along with an increase in inhibitory intrathalamic loop gains. These findings shed light into the neural mechanisms of conscious experience and sensory awareness, and explain how it fades across arousal states, bridging the gap between the neural correlates of consciousness and its underlying systems-level thalamocortical mechanisms.
Three-dimensional dynamic analytical modeling and vibration analysis of deep groove ball bearings under multi-source internal fault excitation
Authors: Luo Yang , Hu Jimin , Shi Juanjuan , Yu Yihao , Baddour Natalie , wang Jun , Shen Changqing , Huang Weiguo
Published: December 2023

Dynamic modeling can greatly inform the study of characteristics of bearing failures. However, traditional two-dimensional dynamic models are not effective in analyzing complex dynamic characteristics of bearing elements, in particular three-dimensional rotations, gyroscopic effects, and lubrication traction under high-speed operations. To address these limitations, this paper establishes a novel three-dimensional bearing dynamic analytical model based on Hertz contact theory. The proposed model considers multiple rigid body degrees of freedom, rotational attitude, dynamic circular motion, and mixed elastic lubrication of the bearings. Dynamic variation of the contact points between bearing elements are described using quaternions. The proposed model is validated by experiments. By introducing a contact stiffness variation coefficient, this paper also demonstrates that replacing time-varying Hertz contact stiffness with a constant Hertz contact stiffness produces insignificant errors in the localized fault region. To further test the effectiveness of the proposed three-dimensional model, Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) is adopted. The LZC values of the signals from the three-dimensional model, two-dimensional model and experiment are compared. It is found that the LZC of the three-dimensional model signal is closer to that of the experimental signal, indicating that the proposed model can more accurately reflect actual bearing operations.
Muted community and “loudly” land use: participatory mapping to explore the niche construction in a matrilineal community under market integration (MI), southwest China.
Authors: Liu Ruizhe
Published: December 2023

This participatory mapping study explores the niche construction process in the Mosuo community of Southwest China in response to market integration (MI). By using participatory methods, the study ensures that insights gained are grounded in the local cultural context and that community perspectives are central to the analysis. Two streets in the lower Mosuo community represent distinct approaches to niche construction: Street A focuses on the natural beauty and ecology of the lake, while Street B promotes Mosuo cultural identity and heritage. The distribution of stores on each street offers insights into economic and social dynamics, revealing that Street B prioritizes local community needs alongside those of visitors, while Street A relies more on tourism traffic. The study also shows how the Mosuo people have adapted to MI through changes in occupational patterns, living spaces, and population movement. MI has led to a transformation of social norms, with the younger generation more attracted to foreign cultures and the older generation resisting to protect their traditional culture. Additionally, the study highlights a disparity between the vibrant cultural manifestations at the market level and the declining presence of local inhabitants in the area, posing a challenge to the longevity of the local culture. The younger generation prioritizes financial gain over cultural identity, creating a barrier to the conservation of cultural traditions. This study emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary approaches that draw on anthropology, ecology, and economics to gain a holistic understanding of the complex interactions between humans, culture, and ecology in the context of MI.
Production or Transmission Investments? A Comparative Analysis
Authors: de Paz Mario Blázquez
Published: December 2023

The European electricity market is moving towards an integration process, and to facilitate that integration and the ow of electricity in that market, the European Transmission System Operator proposes di erent investments in transmission and production capacities. I develop a model of imperfect competition to study those investments, and I identify the economic forces that determine the equilibrium price and the ow of electricity: The size and the competitive e ects. I prove formally when those forces operate simultaneously or independently, and how they determine consumers’ surplus and suppliers’ pro ts. I prove that an investment in transmission capacity outperforms an investment in production capacity by maximizing consumers’ welfare, but the performance in terms of suppliers’ pro ts is ambiguous.
Exploring the Thermodynamic Characteristics of Isoelectronic Diatomic Interstellar Molecular Species: Oxygen- and Sulphur-containing Species
Authors: Oladimeji Enock Oluwole , Etim Emmanuel Edet , Umeh Emmanuel Chukwuebuka , Shinggu John Paul , Oluwadare Oluwatimilehin Joshua , Odeyemi Oluwakemi Mary
Published: December 2023

We studied the thermodynamic properties of 18 isoelectric diatomic interstellar molecular species (known and potential) containing oxygen and the corresponding isoelectronic atom; Sulphur, by providing a comprehensive data set for these molecules of astrophysical importance. We began this by computing its partition function q with the GAUSSIAN 09 suite of programs, the thermodynamics properties such as the entropy S, internal energy U, free energy F, heat capacity H etc. were derived. We showed the isoelectronic effect of these Sulphur and Oxygen containing molecular species on several interstellar molecules at temperatures ranging from 0K to 2×106 K (i.e., from the coldest place in the universe to the mean temperature of the interstellar medium).
A comprehensive tool in recycling plant-waste of Gossypium barbadense L agricultural and industrial waste extracts containing Gossypin and Gossypol:Hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects
Authors: Mohammed Mona , Amer Nagat M. , Abdallah Heba M. I. , Saleh Mai S.
Published: December 2023

Improper management of agricultural and industrial cotton wastes causes environmental pollution and worsens the climate change challenge. Green recycling of cotton could contribute to a circular economy. One of the economic values of cotton wastes lies in their bioactive components. Two types of cotton wastes—agricultural and industrial—of the species Gossypium barbadense L. Giza 95 were targeted in the current study, aiming to maximize their medicinal value and investigate the anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities of their phytochemical extracts. Phytochemical extraction was performed using different solvents according to reported methods of extraction, followed by pharmacological studies of the therapeutic effects of some selected extracts. An anti-inflammatory effect was tested in carrageenan-induced acute edema in a rat paw model. A carbon tetrachloride chronic model of liver injury was used for the assessment of hepatoprotective potential. Liver enzymes (AST and ALT), oxidative stress markers (MDA and GSH), inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein), and histopathological features were investigated. As a result, ethyl acetate proved to be the solvent of best choice to extract the gossypin polyphenolics, where the extracted amount reached 14826.2 ug/g, followed by butanol (8751.4 ug/g extract). The chloroform fraction showed the highest amounts of gossypol (190.7 ug/g extract), followed by petroleum ether. Cotton waste's composition analysis showed a wide range of components, including 33 metabolites such as gossypetin, polyphenolics, and other metabolites that possess therapeutic effects. Both chloroform extract and industrial waste extracts showed superior anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects in comparison to other extracts. All tested extracts (ethyl acetate, chloroform, and industrial waste) showed proper antioxidant activities.
Study on Peripheral Antinociception Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide (h2o2): Characterization and Mechanisms
Authors: Barra Walace Cássio Pinto , Queiroz Bárbara Formiga Gonçalves , Perez Andrea de Castro , Romero Thiago Roberto Lima , Ferreira Renata Cristina Mendes , Duarte Igor Dimitri Gama
Published: December 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the possible peripheral H2O2-induced antinociception and determine the involvement of opioidergic, cannabinoidergic and nitrergic systems, besides potassium channels in its antinociceptive effect. Prostaglandin E2 was used to induce hyperalgesia in male Swiss mice using the mechanical paw pressure test. H2O2 (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 µg/paw) promoted a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect that was not observed in contralateral paw. The partial H2O2-induced antinociception was potentiated by the inhibitor of catalase enzyme, aminotriazole (40, 60, 80 µg/paw). The antinociception was not reversed by opioid and cannabinoid receptor antagonists naloxone, AM 251 and AM 630. The involvement of nitric oxide (NO) was observed by the reversal of H2O2-induced antinociception using the non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases LNOarg and by inhibition of iNOS (L-NIL), eNOS (L-NIO) and nNOS (L-NPA). ODQ, a cGMP-forming enzyme selective inhibitor, also reversed the antinociception. The blockers of potassium channels voltage-gated (TEA), ATP-sensitive (glibenclamide), large (paxillin) and small (dequalin) conductance calcium-activated were able to revert H2O2 antinociception. Our data suggest that H2O2 induced a peripheral antinociception in mice and the NO pathway and potassium channels (voltage-gated, ATP-sensitive, calcium-activated) are involved in this mechanism. However, the role of the opioid and cannabinoid systems was not evidenced.
Comparative Analysis of Health and Socio-demographic status of Working and Non- Working Women and their Children
Authors: Akram Shehla Javed , Zakir Rubeena , Akram Javed , Liaqat Rameesa , Mujahid Fizzah , Syed Sana , Ali Muhammad , Liaqat Fizza , Saeed Anam , Khurram Hafiza Manahil
Published: December 2023

Objective
To conduct a comparative and retrospective study on the health and socio-demographic status of working and non-working women, as well as their children.
Methods
This study is a descriptive retrospective cross-sectional conducted in Badami Bagh, Lahore. The test population included mothers aged 25–45 years with children aged 2–18 years, comprising both working and non-working women with independent wages. Two-way ANOVA and t test were performed to find p value for significant variation and among the studied variable of health such as bone density, BMI, hemoglobin and calcium level and socioeconomic status by Kuppuswamy’s scale. Mini-Mental Scale Examination (MMSE) for women and Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC 17) for children was implied to assess mental health of participants.
Results
Working women had a bit high prevalence of osteopenia and hypocalcemia than non-working women as there was significant difference among the bone scan results of working and nonworking women demonstrated by two-way ANOVA p value 0.033 (< 0.05). But both groups and their children did not have too much difference in levels of hemoglobin, BMI and socioeconomic status with no significant difference showed by their p values.
Conclusions
While comparing the results of working, nonworking women and their children, this study concludes that there is not a significant variation among health and socio-demographic variables, both are with consistencies and divergences at some points.