bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASTATIC IDENTIFIER IN THE CONTROL SYSTEM OF THE GYROTHEODOLITE’S SENSITIVE ELEMENT
Authors: Boyarchuk Anatolii , Mironenko Pavlo , Murakhovsky Sergiy , Ivanenko Ruslan
Published: July 2021

The basic features of working conditions of means of ground orientation are considered. It is shown that in the presence of external vibration the appearance of additional measurement error is possible. The main characteristics of external vibration are given.
A new feedback controller structure has been proposed, which includes an astatic state identifier. The mathematical model of the device in the form of space of states taking into account external vibration is considered. It is proposed to control the position of the sensitive element by the method of modal control by an incomplete state vector. It is assumed that the measured parameter for identifying the state vector is the angle of deviation of the sensitive element of the gyrotheodolite in azimuth.
The analysis of observability at the set structure of matrices of a condition and measurements is carried out. To reduce the estimation error that occurs due to the presence of uncontrolled vibration, the state identifier uses both proportional and integrated feedback channels. The coefficients of an observer with an astatic component in the equation of state are determined under the assumption that the evaluation process should be aperiodic.
Simulation of the work of the astatic identifier on the basis of the developed software model is carried out. The coefficients of the software model are selected on the basis of constructive solutions used at the present stage of development of systems for determining azimuthal directions based on gyrotheodolites. The coefficients of the observer for the given parameters of the device are calculated.
The simulation results showed that the application of the proposed method can significantly reduce the impact of the constant component of external vibration. The error of estimating the angular coordinates and velocities used in the control system of the position of the sensing element, the astatic status identifier goes to zero, while the static system has a constant component of the error.
In further research it is planned to build a generalized system, which includes control of the motion of the sensing element both in the azimuth and in the non-gyrostabilized plane.
ANALYSIS OF STRENGTH CRITERIA IN THE DESIGN OF PRODUCTS FROM COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Dzierwa Andrzej , Stelmach Nataliia
Published: July 2021

Technological progress gives rise to the continuous expansion of the class of structural materials and the improvement of their properties. The appearance of new materials is due to the natural desire to increase the efficiency of the structures under development. One of the most striking manifestations of progress in the development of materials, structures and technology is associated with the development and application of composite materials. Composites have a number of obvious advantages over other materials, in particular over metals. Such advantages are high specific strength and rigidity, high corrosion resistance, good ability to withstand alternating loads and others. It should be noted another, perhaps the most important feature of composites - is the ability to change the properties of the material in accordance with the purpose of the structure and the nature of its load during operation.

Under the influence of loads on the structure, its strength is estimated by the ultimate state of the materials of the structural elements. When a boundary state arises in a material, its transition to another mechanical state - elastic, plastic, or fracture state - occurs. This article aims to determine the optimal criterion for the strength of composite material that takes into account different values of ultimate stresses not only in different directions of the coordinate axes, but also to stretch and compress and further calculate the maximum allowable load for single-layer unidirectional composite material

During the research the main properties of composite materials, methods of manufacturing parts from composite material, their main properties and methods of destruction were considered. The characteristics of the strength criteria of composite materials are given, the most suitable for calculating the maximum value of the allowable load for a single-layer unidirectional composite material is determined. The proposed approach to the optimal design of elements of single-layer composite structures may be of interest to developers of numerous and analytical methods for solving problems of optimal design of more complex structures.
Method of searching for information objects in unified information space
Authors: Dodonov Alexander , Mukhin Vadym , Zavgorodnii Valerii , Kornaga Yaroslav , Zavgorodnya Anna
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the concept and principles of building unified information space and presents a scheme for its formation. The article considers formation of unified information space using a specialized information computer system, which is actually a hardware and software basis for supporting unified information space. The stages of information object identification in unified information space are considered. The article suggests a method for finding missing features of an incoming object by implementing the information objects interaction with each other within unified information space.
Good corporate governance practices and voluntary disclosure in companies listed in the Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI)
Authors: Nindiasari Avininda Dewi
Published: July 2021

Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of the size of the board of commissioners, the proportion of independent commissioners, family ownership, and audit quality on the level of voluntary disclosure of the company. Design/methodology/approach: An empirical study of 50 companies listed in the Indonesia Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) is conducted using the 2015-2016 annual report. The type of data used is secondary data. The analytical method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 21. Findings: The results of statistical tests indicate that the size of the board of commissioners and audit quality have a positive and significant effect on the level of voluntary disclosure, while the proportion of independent commissioners and family ownership has no significant effect on the level of voluntary disclosure. Implications: The main implications of the results of this study are the size of the board of commissioners and the audit quality. The size of the board of commissioners has a strong relationship to the level of voluntary disclosure. There is a relationship between the number of the board of commissioners and the national laws that have an impact on monitoring the transparency process and the effectiveness of communication within the company. For audit quality, companies that use Big Four audit firms have an effect on the level of voluntary disclosure since their financial reporting will result in better audit quality with a high level of independence. The results of this study also support that agency theory is able to partially explain the phenomenon of the relationship between corporate governance practices and the level of voluntary disclosure in companies listed in ISSI. Originality/Value: This research is one of the studies that draw a relationship between the size of the board of commissioners and audit quality on the level of voluntary disclosure of companies in Indonesia. This finding provides confidence that the size of the board of commissioners and audit quality complement each other to improve the quality of voluntary disclosure.
Aplication of ARIMA Model for Forecasting Additional Positive Cases of Covid-19 in Jember Regency
Authors: Hariadi Wigid , Sulantari Sulantari
Published: July 2021

The autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is a popular method for forecasting univariate time series dataset. This method consists of four major stages, namely: identification, parameter assessment, diagnostic examination, and forecasting using the ARIMA model (p, d, q). ARIMA model can be applied in various fields, one of which is medical field. Currently, there had been a daily increase in the number of patients infected with Corona virus. Jember is one of the regencies in East Java with a high number of confirmed patients. On February 5, 2021, it was recorded that 5,872 patients were confirmed positive for Corona, 5,241 patients had been declared cured, and 352 patients were declared dead. Given the high number of confirmed cases of Covid-19 in Jember, the authors would like to conduct a prediction research on the increasing number of confirmed cases of Covid-19 in Jember Regency for the upcoming period using the ARIMA model (p,d,q). The research was conducted in the Jember Regency, East Java. The data were collected from March 28, 2020 to January 30, 2021. The study showed that the ARIMA model (1,2,3) was the best model for predicting the additional positive cases of Covid-19 per week in Jember, with the sum squared resid of 7.9496. The data forecast for the additional positive cases of Covid-19 for the next 6 periods is: 224,56 patients, 247,84 patients, 273,53 patients, 301,89 patients, 333,18 patients, and 367,72 patients. Received February 10, 2021Revised April 8, 2021Accepted April 22, 2021
Cold dark matter: Bose-Einstein condensation of gluons in Anti-de Sitter space time
Authors: Cohen-Tannoudji Gilles , Gazeau Jean-Pierre
Published: July 2021

In the same way as the realization of some of the famous gedanken experiments imagined by the founding fathers of quantum mechanics has recently led to the current renewal of the interpretation of quantum physics, it seems that the most recent progresses of observational astrophysics can be interpreted as the realization of some cosmological gedanken experiments such as the removal from the universe of the whole visible matter or the cosmic time travel leading to a new cosmological standard model. This standard model involves two dark components of the universe, dark energy and dark matter. Whereas dark energy is usually associated with the positive cosmological constant, we propose to explain dark matter as a pure QCD effect. This effect is due to the trace anomaly viewed as a negative cosmological constant accompanying baryonic matter at the hadronization transition from the quark gluon plasma phase to the colorless hadronic phase. Our approach not only yields a ratio Dark/Visible equal to 11/2 but also provides gluons and (anti-)quarks with an extra mass of vibrational nature. Currently observed dark matter is thus interpreted as a gluon Bose Einstein condensate that is a relic of the quark period. Such an interpretation would comfort the idea that, apart from the violation of the matter/antimatter symmetry satisfying the Sakharov’s conditions, the reconciliation of particle physics and cosmology needs not the recourse to any ad hoc fields, particles or hidden variables.
Global Stability of Delayed Ecosystem via Impulsive Differential Inequality and Minimax Principle
Authors: Rao Ruofeng
Published: July 2021

This paper reports applying Minimax principle and impulsive differential inequality to derive the existence of multiple stationary solutions and the global stability of a positive stationary solution for a delayed feedback Gilpin-Ayala competition model with impulsive disturbance. The conclusion obtained in this paper reduces the conservatism of the algorithm compared with the known literature, for the impulsive disturbance is not limited to impulsive control.
An Enhancement Method of Rapidly-exploring Random Tree Robot Path Planning using Midpoint Interpolation
Authors: Kang Jin-Gu , Choi Yong-Sik , Jung Jin-Woo
Published: July 2021

To solve the problem that sampling-based Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) method is difficult to guarantee optimality. This paper proposed the Post Triangular Processing of Midpoint Interpolation method minimized the planning time and shorter path length of the sampling-based algorithm. The proposed Post Triangular Processing of Midpoint Interpolation method makes a closer to the optimal path and somewhat solves the sharp path problem through the interpolation process. The experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the proposed method. Applying the method proposed in this paper to the RRT algorithm increases the efficiency of optimization compared to the planning time.
Pathogenic Mechanisms of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Beyond Sarcomere Dysfunction
Authors: Chou Chun , Chin Michael T.
Published: July 2021

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiovascular disorder affecting 1 in 500 people in the general population. Although characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyocyte disarray and cardiac fibrosis, HCM is in fact a highly complex disease with heterogenous clinical presentation, onset and complications. While HCM is generally accepted as a disease of the sarcomere, variable penetrance in families with identical genetic mutations challenges the monogenic origin of HCM and instead implies a multifactorial cause. Furthermore, large scale genome sequencing studies revealed that many genes previously reported as causative of HCM in fact have little or no evidence of disease association. These findings thus call for a re-evaluation of the sarcomere-centered view of HCM pathogenesis. Here, we summarize our current understanding of sarcomere-independent mechanisms of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, highlight the role of extracellular signals in cardiac fibrosis, and propose an alternative but integrated model of HCM pathogenesis.
Evaluation of Paris MoU Maritime Inspections Using a STATIS Approach
Authors: Prieto José Manuel , Amor-Esteban Víctor , Turias Ignacio J. , Almorza David , Piniella Francisco
Published: July 2021

Port state control inspections implemented under the Paris Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) have become known as one of the best instruments for maritime administrations in European Union (EU) Member States to ensure that the ships docked in their ports comply with all maritime safety requirements. This paper focuses on the analysis of all inspections made between 2013 and 2018 in the top ten EU ports incorporated in the Paris MoU (17,880 inspections). The methodology consists of a multivariate statistical information system (STATIS) analysis using the inspected ship’s characteristics as explanatory variables. The variables used describe both the inspected ships (classification society, flag, age and gross tonnage) and the inspection (type of inspection and number of deficiencies), yielding a dataset with more than 600,000 elements in the data matrix. The most important results are that the classifications obtained match the performance lists published annually by the Paris MoU and the classification societies. Therefore, the approach is a potentially valid classification method and would then be useful to maritime authorities as an additional indicator of a ship’s risk profile to decide inspection priorities and as a tool to measure the evolution in the risk profile of flag over time.
Model-based Energy Path Analysis of Tip-in Maneuvers in a 2WD Vehicle with Range-extender Electric Powertrain Architecture
Authors: Raja Ahsan Shah Raja Mazuir , Jones R. Peter , Cheng Caizhen , Picarelli Alessandro , Abd Aziz Abd Rashid , Al Qubeissi Mansour
Published: July 2021

Vehicle driveability is one of the important vehicle attributes in range-extender electric vehicles due to the electric motor torque characteristics at low-speed events. The process of validating and rectifying vehicle driveability attributes is typically utilised by a physical vehicle prototype that can be expensive and required several design iterations. In this paper, a model-based energy method to assess vehicle driveability is presented based on a high-fidelity 49 degree-of-freedom powertrain and vehicle systems. Multibody dynamics components were built according to their true centre of gravity relative to the vehicle datum for providing an accurate system interaction. The work covered a frequency at less than 20 Hz. The results that consisted of the component frequency domination are structured and examined to identify the low-frequency sensitivity based on different operating parameters such as a road surface coefficient. An energy path technique was also implemented on the dominant component by decoupling its compliances to study the effect on the vehicle driveability and low-frequency response. The outcomes of the research provided a good understanding of the interaction across the sub-systems levels. The powertrain rubber mounts were the dominant components that controlled the low-frequency contents (< 15.33 Hz) and can change the vehicle driveability quality.
A Green Prospective for Learned Post-processing in Sparse-view Tomographic Reconstruction
Authors: Morotti Elena , Evangelista Davide , Loli Piccolomini Elena
Published: July 2021

Deep Learning is developing interesting tools which are of great interest for inverse imaging applications. In this work, we consider a medical imaging reconstruction task from subsampled measurements, which is an active research field where Convolutional Neural Networks have already revealed their great potential. However, the commonly used architectures are very deep and, hence, prone to overfitting and unfeasible for clinical usages. Inspired by the ideas of the green-AI literature, we here propose a shallow neural network to perform an efficient Learned Post-Processing on images roughly reconstructed by the filtered backprojection algorithm. The results obtained on images from the training set and on unseen images, using both the non-expensive network and the widely used very deep ResUNet show that the proposed network computes images of comparable or higher quality in about one fourth of time.
The Narrative-Digital Approach in the Literary Education of Philologists
Authors: Kolomiets Nataliіa , Yaremenko Nataliia , Mishenina Tetiana , Kharadzjan Nataliia , Kohut Iryna , Pavliuk Roman
Published: July 2021

The article considers the peculiarities of practical implementation of the narrative-digital approach in the process of studying disciplines of literary cycle at philological faculties. The authors emphasize that the key to the effective transition to distance and combined forms of studying is creation of a productive national information and didactic space, with involvement of IT and appropriate level of training of all participants in the pedagogical process. Under these conditions, the application of the narrative-digital approach is promising, which in literary education of philologists is based on interdisciplinary interactive basis, which combines possibilities of narrative methods with computer technology. The integration of digital technologies into philological field causes a number of methodological difficulties, requires all subjects of educational activity to develop digital skills that are not related to professional humanities knowledge, but meet the requirements of trained competitive and highly qualified specialists. The authors conducted a sociological study on the readiness of students of philological specialties of pedagogical universities to implement the narrative-digital approach to educational practice. Research provides optimal software that allows you to implement this approach in practice, offers a selection of didactic tasks, substantiates feasibility of their use in classes of different types.
Computer-aided Design of Peptidomimetic Inhibitors of falcipain-3: QSAR and Pharmacophore Models
Authors: Bekono Boris D. , Esmel Akori , Dali Brice , Ntie-Kang Fidele , Keita Melalie , Owono Owono Luc Calvin , Megnassan Eugene
Published: July 2021

In this work antiparasitic peptidomimetics inhibitors (PEP) of falcipain-3 (FP3) of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) have been proposed using structure-based and computer-aided molecular design. Beginning with the crystal structure of PfFP3-K11017 complex (PDB ID: 3BWK), three-dimensional (3D) models of FP3-PEPx complexes with known activities (IC50exp) were prepared by in situ modification, based on molecular mechanics and implicit solvation to compute Gibbs free energies (GFE) of inhibitor-FP3 complex formation. This resulted in a quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) model based on a linear correlation between computed GFE (ΔΔGcomp) and the experimentally measured IC50exp: (pIC50exp=-(IC50exp/109) =-0.4517×∆∆Gcomp+4.0865 ; R2 = 0.89). Apart from the structure-based relationship, a ligand-based quantitative pharmacophore model (PH4) of novel PEP analogs where substitutions were directed by comparative analysis of the active site interactions was derived using the proposed bound conformations of the PEPx. This provided structural information useful for the design of virtual combinatorial libraries (VL), which was virtually screened based on the 3D-QSAR PH4. The end results were predictory inhibitory activities falling within the low nanomolar concentration range.
Using Life Cycle Assessment and Circular Economy Principles to Address Nutrient Depletion in Tanzanian Sisal Fibre Production
Authors: Colley Tracey Anne , Valerian Judith , Hauschild Michael Zwicky , Olsen Stig Irving , Birkved Morten
Published: July 2021

Nutrient depletion in Tanzanian sisal production has led to yield decreases over time. We use nutrient mass balances embedded within a life cycle assessment to quantify the extent of nutrient depletion for different production systems, then used circular economy principles to identify potential cosubstrates from within the Tanzanian economy to anaerobically digest with sisal wastes. The biogas produced is then used to generate bioelectricity and the digestate residual can be used as a fertilizer to address the nutrient depletion. If no current beneficial use of the cosubstrate was assumed, then beef manure and marine fish processing waste were the best cosubstrates. If agricultural wastes were assumed to have a current beneficial use as fertilizer, then marine fish processing waste and human urine were the best cosubstrates. The largest reduction in environmental impacts resulted from bioelectricity replacing electricity from fossil fuels in the national electricity grid and improved onsite waste management practices. There is significant potential to revitalize Tanzanian sisal production by applying circular economy principles to sisal waste management and bioenergy production.
Comparative Genomic Analysis of the DUF34 Protein Family Suggests Role as a Metal Ion Chaperone or Insertase
Authors: Reed Colbie , Hutinet Geoffrey , de Crécy-Lagard Valérie
Published: July 2021

Members of the DUF34 (domain of unknown function 34) family, also known as the NIF3 protein superfamily, are ubiquitous across superkingdoms. Proteins of this family have been widely annotated as “GTP cyclohydrolase I type 2” through electronic propagation based on one study. Here, the annotation status of this protein family was examined through comprehensive literature review and integrative bioinformatic analyses that revealed varied pleiotropic associations and phenotypes. This analysis combined with functional complementation studies strongly challenges the current annotation and suggests that DUF34 family members may serve as metal ion insertases, chaperones, or metallocofactor maturases. This general molecular function could explain how DUF34 subgroups participate in highly diversified pathways such as cell differentiation, metal ion homeostasis, pathogen virulence, redox and universal stress responses.
Clinical Application of Next Generation Sequencing in Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Zeitouni Daniel , Catalino Michael , Wise Jordan , McCabe Sean , Pietrosimone Kathryn , Rashid Naim , Khagi Simon
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is driven by various genomic alterations. Next generation sequencing (NGS) could yield targetable alterations that may impact outcomes. The goal of this study was to describe how NGS can inform targeted therapy (TT) in this patient population. METHODS: The medical records of patients (pts) with a diagnosis of GBM from 2017-2019 were reviewed. Records of patients with recurrent GBM and genomic alterations were evaluated. Objective response rates and disease control rates were deter-mined. RESULTS: A total of 87 pts with GBM underwent NGS. Forty percent (n = 35) were considered to have actionable alterations. Of the 35, 40% (n=14) pts had their treatment changed due to an alteration. The objective response rate (ORR) of this population was 43%. The disease control rate (DCR) was 100%. The absolute mean decrease in contrast enhancing disease was 50.7% (95% CI 34.8 – 66.6). CONCLUSION: NGS for GBM, particularly in the recurrent setting, yields a high rate of actionable alterations. We observed a high ORR and DCR, reflecting the value of NGS in deciding on TT to match alterations that are likely to respond. In conclusion, patient selection and availability of NGS may impact outcomes in select pts with recurrent GBM.
Partitioning Entropy with Action Mechanics: Predicting Chemical Reaction Rates and Gaseous Equilibria of Reactions of Hydrogen from Molecular Properties
Authors: Kennedy Ivan R. , Hodzic Migdat
Published: July 2021

Clausius’ virial theorem set a basis for relating kinetic energy in a body of independent material particles to its potential energy, pointing to their complementary role with respect to the second law of maximum entropy. In action mechanics, expressing the entropy of ideal gases as a capacity factor for sensible heat or enthalpy plus the configurational work to sustain the relative translational, rotational and vibrational action yields algorithms for estimating chemical reaction rates and positions of equilibrium. All properties of state including entropy, work potential as Helmholtz and Gibbs energies and activated transition state reaction rates can be estimated, using easily accessible molecular properties, such as atomic weights, bond lengths, moments of inertia and vibrational frequencies. Understanding how Clausius’ virial theorem balances the internal kinetic energy with field potential energy justifies partitioning between thermal and statistical properties of entropy, yielding a more complete view of the evolutionary nature of the second law of thermodynamics. The ease of performing these operations is illustrated by three important chemical gas phase reactions, the reversible dissociation of the hydrogen molecules, lysis of water to hydrogen and oxygen and the reversible formation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen. Employing the ergal also introduced by Clausius to define the reversible internal work to overcome molecular interactions plus the configurational internal work of negative Gibbs energy as a function of volume or pressure may provide a practical guide for managing risk in industrial processes and climate change at the global scale.
Pharmaco-Magnetic Resonance as Tool for Monitoring the Medication-Related Effects in the Brain May Provide Potential Biomarkers for Psychotic Disorders
Authors: Aryutova Katrin , Stoyanov Drozdstoy
Published: July 2021

Psychotic disorders occur as a result of pathobiochemical processes in the brain, which disrupt the central neurotransmission of molecules such as dopamine and glutamate. The dopamine hypothesis, adopted more than 2 decades ago, has repeatedly asserted its position as an etiopathogenetic substrate through the action of psychostimulants and neuroleptics on the mesolimbic and mesocortical systems, giving insight into the origin of positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms. On the other hand, cognitive impairments in schizophrenia remain not fully understood but are thought to be present during all stages of the disease, as well as in the prodromal the interictal and residual phases. Over the last decade, functional magnetic resonance imaging has focused on research of brain networks like the Default mode network, the Salience network and Central executive network, enabling a deeper understanding of cognitive deficits, as well as other phenomena such as disorganization of thought and behavior. The study of the nodes of these networks, such as the precuneus and insula, informs about their complex significant roles as structures responsible for important cognitive domains such as concentration, attention, ability to understand and reproduce information, as well as memory functions. It is suggested that the neurotransmission of dopamine and glutamate play a key role in these processes and their successful modulation in the correct brain regions through psychopharmacological and biomedical instrumental methods may lead to a significant reversal of conventional paradigms. Pharmaco-magnetic resonance imaging is a neuroimaging method that can provide the translation of scientific knowledge about the neural networks and the disruptions in and between different brain regions, into clinically applicable and effective therapeutic results in the management of severe psychotic disorders.
PENERAPAN METODE PRAKTIKUM BERBASIS INKUIRI PADA PELAJARAN FISIKA TOPIK GETARAN DAN GELOMBANG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR DAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS SISWA KELAS XI SMAN 1 PRINGGARATA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Hidayati Nur Shofia , Didik Lalu A. , Yahdi Yahdi
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penerapan metode praktikum berbasis inkuiri pada pelajaran fisika topik getaran dan gelombang untuk  meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Pringgarata. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Dimana dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 2 siklus yaitu siklus I dan siklus II. Hal yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah aspek kognitif, psikomotorik dan afektif. Aspek kognitif diukur menggunakan tes, aspek psikomotorik diukur menggunakan lembar observasi siswa dan aspek afektif diukur menggunakan angket. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh pada aspek kognitif pada siklus I dengan rata-rata 81.71 dan pada siklus II dengan rata-rata 91.25. Sedangkan keterampilan proses sains siswa pada aspek psikomotorik dan apektif siswa pada siklus I dengan rata-rata 77.61 dan siklus II 78.20. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode praktikum berbasis inkuiri pada pelajaran fisika topik getaran dan gelombang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keterampilan proses sains siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Pringgarata tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MAKE A MATCH DENGAN KEGIATAN MEMBACA KRITIS TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA PADA MATERI INTERAKSI MAKHLUK HIDUP DENGAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Utari Mesy Afriza , Muttaqiin Arief
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan berpikir kritis peserta didik dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match dengan kegiatan membaca kritis. Keterampilan berpikir kritis di Indonesia masih kategori sangat rendah. Pada abad 21 peserta didik dituntut untuk terampil dalam berpikir secara kritis. Berpikir kritis sangat diperlukan dalam proses pembelajaran karena dapat membantu peserta didik untuk memiliki kemampuan berpikir lebih kritis dalam menerima informasi disekitarnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan jenis penelitian Quasi eksperimental dengan rancangan penelitian pretest posttest control design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik SMP N 3 Pariaman dengan kelas sampel VII.1 kelas kontrol dengan perlakuan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match dengan kegiatan membaca kritis dan kelas VII.3 kelas eksperimen, dengan perlakuan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match dengan kegiatan membaca biasa dan pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk soal tes kemampuan berpikir kritis terdapat soal pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 soal dan soal essai sebanyak 5 soal yang akan diberikan kepada peserta didik pada saat pretest dan posttest. Hasil penelitian dengan uji statistik menggunakan uji U-Mann Whitney menunjukan sig. 0,000 (N-gain) yang artinya terdapat perbedaan peningkatan berpikir kritis peserta didik dengan kegiatan membaca kritis dan peserta didik dengan membaca biasa.
PEMBELAJARAN INOVATIF DENGAN MEDIA KAPAL SELAM DARI KULIT JERUK DAN BATANG KOREK API UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA PADA KOMPETENSI DASAR HUKUM ARCHIMEDES
Authors: A’yun Kurotu
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang konsep Hukum Archimedes. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas  Negeri 1 Surakarta tahun pelajaran 2011/2012.  Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IA8 SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta.  Instrumen   Pelaksanan  Penelitian berupa Satuan Pelajaran, CD Pembelajaran dan kapal selam dari kulit jeruk. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman konsep Hukum Archimedes  dengan ditunjukkan oleh peningkatan prestasi belajar. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa pada materi Hukum Archimedes melalui kapal selam dari kulit jeruk.

Kata kunci: kapal selam kulit jeruk, Archimedes
PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI DENGAN MODEL POE (PREDICT-OBSERVE-EXPLAIN) MENGGUNAKAN MULTIMEDIA FLASH DAN VCD DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN VERBAL DAN KREATIVITAS SISWA
Authors: Nawawi Nawawi , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Sutarno Sutarno
Published: July 2021

This study is intended to find the influence of the Multimedia Flash and VCD in the teaching and learning of plant movement that used POE learning model overviewed from verbal ability and student‘s creativity. The research took 2nd graders of SMP Nuris Semarang. The research took place in the beginning of the second semester of 2011/2012 academic year. There were two classes selected at Nuris junior high school as research groups. The research instruments were in the forms of lesson plan, teaching-learning materials, students activity sheets, observation sheets, tests. The influence of Multimedia Flash and VCD on the students‘ learning results and data’s were analysed by ANOVA with three way analysis of variances. The study showed that (1) there were no effect of the use of Multimedia Flash and VCD with POE learning model, (2) there were an effect of verbal ability on affective and psychomotor aspect, (3) there was no effect of creativity for achievement affective and psychomotor aspect, but there is an influence of cognitive aspect, (4) there was no interaction between Multimedia Flash and VCD with verbal ability on achievement affective and psychomotor aspect, but there is an interaction influence for cognitive aspect, (5) there was an interaction on creativity with Multimedia Flash and VCD from cognitive and affective aspect, (6) there were no interaction between verbal ability and creativity of students, (7) there were no interaction between Multimedia Flash and VCD, verbal ability and creativity for cognitive, affective and psychomotor.

 Keywords: Media Education, Verbal Ability, Creativity and Plants Movement
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FISIKA BERBASIS CTL (CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING) PADA MATERI DINAMIKA PARTIKEL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS X SMAN 1 NGAWI
Authors: Anafidah Alfi , Sarwanto Sarwanto , Masykuri Mohammad
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) karakteristik modul fisika berbasis CTL; (2) kelayakan modul fisika berbasis CTL; dan (3) efektivitas modul fisika berbasis CTL pada materi dinamika partikel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D). Pengembangan modul mengacu pada model Thiagarajan yang terdiri dari empat tahap yang dikenal dengan model 4-D (four D model) dengan tahapan Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Tahap define berupa analisis kebutuhan, tahap design berupa penyusunan draf modul, tahap develop berupa validasi draf modul oleh 2 dosen, 2 guru fisika, dan 2 peer review, setelah valid dilakukan uji coba kecil pada 12 siswa dan diimplementasikan pada skala luas. Tahap terakhir yaitu disseminate yang dilakukan pada 5 guru fisika di kabupaten Ngawi Jawa Timur. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket, lembar observasi, lembar validasi, dan instrumen tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dianalisis dengan uji paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) modul fisika berbasis CTL dikembangkan dengan model 4-D dengan tujuh karakteristik pembelajaran CTL yaitu constructivism, inquiry, questioning, learning community, modelling, reflection dan autentic assessment; (2) kelayakan modul fisika berbasis CTL berkategori sangat baik setelah dilakukan validasi; (3) keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa mengalami peningkatan setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan modul fisika berbasis CTL sebesar 0,36 dengan kategori sedang.
PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN SCIENCE, ENVIRONMENT,TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY (SETS) DENGAN METODE PROYEK DAN EKSPERIMEN DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN KREATIVITAS SISWA
Authors: Lany Zunicha , Sunarno Widha , Suparmi Suparmi
Published: July 2021

Terdapat permasalahan dalam pembelajaran fisika disebabkan pendekatan dan metode yang digunakan untuk mengajarkan materi listrik arus searah belum sesuai dengan karakteristik materi, serta faktor internal siswa seperti kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreativitas siswa belum diperhatikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan dan interaksi penggunaan pendekatan SETS dengan metode proyek dan eksperimen ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreativitas terhadap prestasi belajar siswa.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI SMK Muhammadiyah Kudus Tahun 2015/2016. Sampel diperoleh dengan teknik Cluster Random Sampling yang terdiri dari dua kelas XI TKJ 1 dan XI TKJ 2. Kelas XI TKJ1 menggunakan pembelajaran metode proyek dan kelas XI TKJ 2 menggunakan pembelajaran dengan metode eksperimen. Pengumpulan data untuk prestasi kognitif dan berpikir kritis dengan metode tes,  Penggunaan angket untuk kreativitas dan prestasi afektif serta lembar observasi untuk psikomotorik siswa Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi anava tiga jalan. Dari analisis data disimpulkan: 1) terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik pada siswa dengan pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan SETS dengan metode proyek dan eksperimen; 2) Terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar afektif dan psikomotorik siswa yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi dan rendah, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan pada prestasi belajar kognitif;  3) terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar kognitif dan psikomotorik yang memiliki kreativitas tinggi dan rendah, tidak terdapat perbedaan pada prestasi belajar afektif; 4) tidak terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan SETS melalui metode proyek dan eksperimen dengan kemampuan berfikir kritis tinggi dan rendah terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif dan psikomotorik siswa, namun terdapat perbedaan pada prestasi afektif siswa; 5) tidak terdapat interaksi antara kreativitas dengan metode belajar berpendekatan SETS metode proyek dan eksperimen terhadap prestasi afektif dan psikomotorik namun terdapat interaksi pada aspek kognitif;  6) tidak terdapat interaksi antara kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreativitas siswa terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan pskomotorik; 7) tidak terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan SETS melalui metode proyek dan eksperimen, berpikir kritis dan kreativitas terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH PADA MATERI LITOSFER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMP
Authors: Rosnanda Dewi , Sarwanto Sarwanto , Aminah Nonoh Siti
Published: July 2021

Masalah utama dalam  pembelajaran IPA adalah pelaksanaan pembelajaran belum maksimal, akibatnya daya serap peserta didik rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: 1) mengembangkan modul pembelajaran dengan karakteristik pembelajaran berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMP pada materi litosfer, 2) mengetahui kelayakan modul pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada materi litosfer yang dikembangkan, 3) mengetahui  implementasi modul pembelajaran berbasis masalah  untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa hasil pengembangan di SMP Nawa Kartika Wonogiri. Metode penelitian dan pengembangan yang digunakan Research and Development (R&D). Model penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model penelitian 4D Thiagarajan dengan langkah: (1) tahap pendefinisian (define), (2) tahap perancangan (design), (3) tahap pengembangan (develop), (4) tahap penyebaran (dessiminate). Pengembangan modul ini dinilai berdasarkan kelayakan isi, penyajian, bahasa, dan kegrafikan, modul kemudian diujicobakan pada 15 siswa. Setelah direvisi, modul diujicobakan pada kelas IX.B. Modul pembelajaran ini berbasis masalah, dimana tahapan-tahapannya berupa orientasi pada situasi masalah, merumuskan hipotesis, penyelidikan individual maupun kelompok, mengembangkan dan menyajikan hasil karya, dan \menganalisis dan mengevaluasi proses pemecahan masalah. Analisis data yang digunakan selama pengembangan adalah analisis diskriptif, analisis kelayakan modul berdasarkan skor kriteria dan analisis keterampilan berfikir kritis dengan t-test. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) modul IPA berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa memiliki ciri yaitu langkah pembelajaran pada modul disesuaikan dengan langkah pembelajaran berbasis masalah, mengintegrasikan keterampilan berpikir kritis pada setiap tahapnya dan memuat soal tes berpikir kritis (2) kualitas modul IPA berbasis masalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi litosfer yang dikembangkan memiliki skor rata-rata persentase sebesar 90,16% dan berkategori sangat baik yang berarti modul layak untuk digunakan sebagai penunjang bahan ajar lainnya, (3) keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa pada kelas IX.B setelah menggunakan modul IPA berbasis masalah mengalami peningkatan yang dapat dilihat dari nilai N-gain  dari uji coba skala besar sebesar 0,69 dikategorikan “sedang” dengan signifikansi sebesar 0,000. Berdasarkan hasil gain score menunjukkan modul IPA berbasis masalah dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis.
Application of litters to inhibit nitrification in Vertisols on sweet corn (Zea mays S.)
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Widyatama Adiprasetya , Prinandhika Gadis Mona , Purwanto Purwanto , Hartati Sri
Published: July 2021

Nitrification, or the process of oxidation of ammonium to nitrate in the soil, needs to be inhibited because it reduces the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers. Vertisols have 2:1 minerals and have high negative charge, so ammonium is more absorbed by soil particles, whereas nitrate is free to move in the soil and diffuses into the plant tissue or is leached with gravity water. This study aimed to determine the litter treatment that can inhibit the nitrification process in Vertisols on sweet corn plants. This research was conducted in June until November 2019 in the Plastic House of Plesungan, Gondangrejo, Karanganyar, Indonesia. This study used a basic completely randomized design with a single factor (litter type) as an immobilizer. The types of litter used in this study were Gliricidia maculata, Albizia falcataria, Senna siamea, and Tithonia diversifolia. The parameters observed were ammonium content, nitrification potential, average nitrate content, actual nitrification, plant height, number of leaves, and dry crown plant. Tithonia diversifolia gave the highest actual nitrification of 23.26%. Senna siamea has the lowest actual nitrification of 12.36%, followed by Gliricidia maculata with 17.39% and Albizia falcataria with 17.67%. This shows that the Tithonia diversifolia litter has the highest value in inhibiting nitrification. Maize plants treated with the Tithonia diversifolia litter had the best plant growth compared to those applied with other treatments. Therefore, among the treatments used, the Tithonia diversifolia litter was most optimal in inhibiting nitrification in Vertisols.
Conservation and economic aspects of a combination of forestry-agricultural crops (Neolamarckia cadamba-Phaseolus vulgaris) and terrace systems in different slope classes
Authors: Karyati Karyati , Sarminah Sri , Karmini Karmini , Akbar Ali Muhammad , Hermansyah Rifaldi
Published: July 2021

The utilization of steep lands by planting forestry and agricultural species can provide benefits from soil-water conservation and economic aspects. The combination of planting Neolamarckia cadamba-Phaseolus vulgaris and terrace systems can increase land use values, such as soil conservation, crop production, and farmers’ income. The aim of this study was to analyze silvicultural, hydro-orological, and economic aspects of a combination of forestry-agricultural crops (N. cadamba – P. vulgaris) and terrace systems on two slope classes. Two study plots were established on a steep gradient (25–40%) and a very steep gradient (>40%). The results showed an annual increase in the average diameter and height of N. cadamba of 1.78 cm and 1.84 m, respectively on the steep slope, and 1.68 cm and 1.53 m, respectively on the very steep slope. The surface run off and erosion rate were lower on the steep ground compared to the very steep ground. Erosion hazard indices and levels on the plots in the steep slope and very steep slope were categorized as low and very low; meanwhile the erosion hazard class was I. The profit of P. vulgaris cultivation was IDR 9,360,000.00 ha–1 per cropping season on steep slope and IDR 6,480,000.00 ha–1 per cropping season on very steep slope. The planting of P. vulgaris as an intercropping plant to fill empty land in between N. cadamba can increase the economic value obtained from selling P. vulgaris in the short term until the leaves of the N. cadamba plant are linked. The combination of planting N. cadamba–P. vulgaris and terrace system on steep slopes is therefore more profitable not only from the economic perspective, but also in lowering runoff and potential erosion rates than on very steep lands.
ALGORITHMS AND SOFTWARE OF BUILDINGS INTERMITTENT THERMAL CONDITIONS OPTIMAL CONTROL
Authors: Tovazhnyanskyy Vladimir
Published: July 2021

The actual problem of synthesizing the optimal control law for the intermittent heating mode of office buildings is considered, which consists in the programmed reduction of the room temperature during off-hours. The analysis of information sources showed the absence of sufficiently justified methods for solving the problem of optimizing the thermal processes of buildings, which provide comfortable conditions for the functioning of personnel, on the one hand, and save costs for buildings maintenance, on the other hand. The statement of the building thermal state optimal control problem is formulated, which contains a mathematical model of the process, a control goal, constraints on control actions and an integral quadratic quality criterion, including deviations of the room temperature from a given program and heat consumption. The limitation on the control action is taken into account by the method of penalty functions. As a mathematical model of the optimized thermal process, a two-dimensional controlled system of differential equations with constant coefficients is applied. The values of these coefficients are determined on the basis of building similarity criteria, which allows solving the optimization problem in a dimensionless form. The model includes a control action - the supplied heat flux, and a disturbing action - the ambient temperature, changing according to a given harmonious law. The numerical solution of the optimal control problem is implemented by the Chernous'ko method of successive approximations. A description of the user interface is given, as well as examples of the implementation of the thermal state optimal control. The proposed software allows on the stage of designing the heating system to obtain express assessments of various thermal modes of the building, and can also be used as computer support for automated individual heating points.

Keywords: intermittent heating mode, optimal control, mathematical model, control quality criterion, control constraints, penalty function, successive approximations, program interface, automated individual heating point.