bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of a Financial Accounting Management System Based on a Computer Network
Authors: Zhu Xuanying
Published: July 2022

Financial management is one of the most core tasks of a social team and an important link related to the survival of enterprises and the economic development of the country. Therefore, financial management is regarded as a top priority from the national tax and financial system to enterprises and individuals. However, with the rapid development of social economy and the extremely active economic activities in China, especially the complicated capital flows and the rapid changes in the market, even if the financial system is upgraded many times, it is still difficult to meet the requirements of enterprises. In recent years, computer network technology has been more and more widely used in all aspects of social production and life. It can replace people to complete complex, tedious, repetitive, and consumptive work. Therefore, the research and development of financial accounting management system based on computer network technology have important production significance and social value. Firstly, this paper summarizes the development process and current situation of the financial management system, points out the difficulties existing in the current financial accounting management, and investigates the development and application status of computer network technology. Then, it studies the shortcomings of current financial work and the necessity and feasibility of applying computer technology to financial management. Finally, it analyzes the beneficial effects of computer network technology in financial management, designs the overall structure of the financial accounting management system based on computer network technology, studies the characteristics of each subsystem of the structure, points out the technical and institutional challenges faced by computer network technology, and gives corresponding suggestions. This paper is an applied research on the application of advanced computer network technology in financial accounting management, which helps the rapid development of China’s financial accounting management system and provides a combination idea for the application of computer network technology in other traditional industries.
RhoA with Associated TRAb or FT3 in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Graves’ Ophthalmopathy
Authors: Zhao Sidi , Shi Shuangshuang , Yang Wanchen , Wang Hanqing , Jian Tianming , He Qing , Liu Yang , Huang Xiaoming , Wu Tong
Published: July 2022

During Graves’ disease (GD) treatment, Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is often ignored because only mild ocular symptoms are present in early GD. Therefore, we performed isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis and measured relevant endocrine hormones to identify predisposing factors of GO. Serum samples from 3 patients with mild GD and GO and 3 patients with GD but without GO were analyzed by iTRAQ. Based on their clinical data, 60 patients with GD were divided into the GO-free and GO groups. All patients were followed up for 7 months. Their eye conditions and changes in related biochemical indexes were recorded. The iTRAQ results showed that RhoA expression was upregulated and correlated significantly with the tight junction pathway and immunity. The changes in FT3 and RhoA from baseline to 7 months, the FT3 and RhoA baseline levels, and the TRAb titer levels in patients with GD significantly differed between the groups. ELISA and western blotting for RhoA, TRAb, and FT3 in the serum samples from GO patients showed significant upregulation, as well as elevated serum RhoA and TRAb levels in the mild stage of GO. At 7 months, the serum RhoA and FT3 levels were elevated. RhoA is a potential biomarker for mild GO. In GD patients, if an elevated serum RhoA level is accompanied by an elevated TRAb or FT3 level, GO is highly likely to occur, even when obvious ocular symptoms are absent.
Indifference Computer Experiment for Mathematical Identification of Two Variables
Authors: Yu Jianxi
Published: July 2022

In order to understand the two types of nonlinear differential equation problems in engineering dynamics, the author proposes a numerical analysis method for the two types of nonlinear differential equations based on computer simulation. This method establishes the MATLAB algorithm structure of the numerical solution of the fourth-order fixed-step Runge-Kutta and Lorenz models, discusses the error control in the case of variable step size, and plots the numerical solutions of the Lorenz system based on MATLAB in two-dimensional and three-dimensional space graphics. The

x

-direction displacement and

y

-direction displacement data are extracted from the Lorenz equation as iterative samples of the model, the regression curve obtained after iteration has a slope of 0.996, and the iterative regression model reflects the basic characteristics of the data well. This method presents the basic idea of numerical solution verification within acceptable error limits. For solving engineering problems with differential equations as mathematical models, an effective numerical solution method is provided, and further discussion on the numerical solutions of partial differential equations is of great significance.
Alteration of Plasma Amino Acid Concentrations in Iranian Children with COVID-19
Authors: Shams Sedigheh , Azari-Yam Aileen , Safavi Moeinadin , Zamani Zahra , Sotoudeh-Anvari Maryam , Sharifzadeh Ekbatani Meisam , Haghi-Ashtiani Mohammad-Taghi , Mozafari Fatemeh , Yaghmaie Bahareh , Shafeghat Leila
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 is an acute viral disease that has so far infected more than 200 million and killed more than four million worldwide. It affects the immune system and other organs. Here, we investigated the level of free plasma amino acids in COVID-19 patients and compared them with non-COVID-19 subjects. We also compared amino acids levels in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with non-ICU patients and expired and recovered patients. Twenty-six COVID-19 patients and 32 non-COVID-19 subjects were included in the study. The mean of glutamic acid, serine, glycine, threonine, phenylalanine, leucine, lysine, alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, and ornithine was significantly higher in cases than controls. In addition, the mean of glutamine was significantly lower in patients than controls (

443.89
±
254.31

vs.

651.73
±
107.38

,

PV
<
0.001

). Low level of glutamine and isoleucine was seen in the majority of ICU and expired patients, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed low level of isoleucine as a predictor variable in mortality (

P
=
0.02

,

EXP
 

B

=
16.5

, and

CI
 
95
%
=

1.48

,

−

183.07

). There was a positive and significant relationship between some amino acids levels, serum liver enzymes, and sodium concentrations. There was also a significant but negative correlation between histidine levels, ESR, and ferritin. Phenylalanine had a highly positive relationship with serum procalcitonin in patients (

R

2

=
0.534

,

PV
=
0.015

). Our studies have shown the alteration of plasma amino acids concentration in COVID-19 patients. These changes are more evident in critically ill and at-risk patients.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides New Insights into the Development of Haustorium in Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser
Authors: Pan Limei , Wan Lingyun , Song Lisha , He Lili , Jiang Ni , Long Hairong , Huo Juan , Ji Xiaowen , Hu Fengyun , Fu Jine , Wei Shugen
Published: July 2022

Taxillus chinensis is an important medicinal and parasitic plant that attacks other plants for living. The development of haustorium is a critical process, imperative for successful parasitic invasion. To reveal the mechanisms underlying haustorium development, we performed an iTRAQ‐based proteomics analysis which led to the identification of several differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in fresh seeds (CK), baby (FB), and adult haustoria (FD). A total of 563 and 785 DAPs were identified and quantified in the early and later developmental stages, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the DAPs are mainly associated with metabolic pathways, ribosome, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. In addition, DAPs associated with the phytohormone signaling pathway changed markedly. Furthermore, we evaluated the content of various phytohormones during different stages of haustoria development. These results indicated that phytohormones are very important for haustorium development. qRT‐PCR results validated that the mRNA expression levels were consistent with the expression of proteins, suggesting that our results are reliable. This is the first report on haustoria proteomes in the parasitic plant, Taxillus chinensis, to the best of our knowledge. Our findings will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanism of haustoria development.
Impaired Proteolysis of Noncanonical RAS Proteins Drives Clonal Hematopoietic Transformation
Authors: Chen Sisi , Vedula Rahul S. , Cuevas-Navarro Antonio , Lu Bin , Hogg Simon J. , Wang Eric , Benbarche Salima , Knorr Katherine , Kim Won Jun , Stanley Robert F. , Cho Hana , Erickson Caroline , Singer Michael , Cui Dan , Tittley Steven , Durham Benjamin H. , Pavletich Tatiana S. , Fiala Elise , Walsh Michael F. , Inoue Daichi , Monette Sebastien , Taylor Justin , Rosen Neal , McCormick Frank , Lindsley R. Coleman , Castel Pau , Abdel-Wahab Omar
Published: July 2022

Recently, screens for mediators of resistance to FLT3 and ABL kinase inhibitors in leukemia resulted in the discovery of LZTR1 as an adapter of a Cullin-3 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex responsible for the degradation of RAS GTPases. In parallel, dysregulated LZTR1 expression via aberrant splicing and mutations was identified in clonal hematopoietic conditions. Here we identify that loss of LZTR1, or leukemia-associated mutants in the LZTR1 substrate and RAS GTPase RIT1 that escape degradation, drives hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) expansion and leukemia in vivo. Although RIT1 stabilization was sufficient to drive hematopoietic transformation, transformation mediated by LZTR1 loss required MRAS. Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTAC) against RAS or reduction of GTP-loaded RAS overcomes LZTR1 loss-mediated resistance to FLT3 inhibitors. These data reveal proteolysis of noncanonical RAS proteins as novel regulators of HSC self-renewal, define the function of RIT1 and LZTR1 mutations in leukemia, and identify means to overcome drug resistance due to LZTR1 downregulation.

Significance:

Here we identify that impairing proteolysis of the noncanonical RAS GTPases RIT1 and MRAS via LZTR1 downregulation or leukemia-associated mutations stabilizing RIT1 enhances MAP kinase activation and drives leukemogenesis. Reducing the abundance of GTP-bound KRAS and NRAS overcomes the resistance to FLT3 kinase inhibitors associated with LZTR1 downregulation in leukemia.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2221
First-Episode Psychosis and Centrality in the Work of Psychiatrist Henri Grivois: A Dialog with Phenomenological Psychopathology
Authors: Troubé Sarah
Published: July 2022

The article traces the hypotheses of the contemporary French psychiatrist Henri Grivois, concerning what he calls nascent psychosis. In a perspective close to descriptive phenomenology, Grivois tries to identify the alteration of subjective experience specific to the first moments of a psychosis. He thus describes the experiences of concernment and centrality as consisting in a disruption of the tacit mechanisms of mimesis and interindividual attunement. Using the common points between Grivois’s aim and that of the phenomenological approach, the article puts these two conceptions of first-episode psychosis into dialog, questioning in particular the prereflexive register of experience. The notion of centrality questions the conditions of the constitution of intersubjectivity: it places the question of the bodily and gestural incarnation that founds the relationship to the other at the center of our understanding of psychosis. Grivois’s hypotheses and the phenomenology of psychoses together contribute to the questioning of the therapeutic methods employed in the early stages of treatment. Centrality, in particular, questions the limits of verbal descriptions of psychotic experiences and invites us to think about methods that are based more on the anchoring and bodily attunement of the patient and the therapist.
Do Symptoms Correlate with the Signs in Odontogenic Sinusitis with Periapical Lesions?
Authors: Kwiatkowska Marta Aleksandra , Szczygielski Kornel , Jurkiewicz Dariusz
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Endodontic pathology is one of the most common causes of odontogenic sinusitis, and its evaluation is challenging. Omission of periapical lesions in diagnostic process leads to recurrent sinusitis after cessation of medical therapy. Methods: Sixty-one symptomatic patients presented with odontogenic sinusitis with periapical lesions of teeth adjacent to the maxillary sinus were included in the study. Symptoms evaluated with SNOT-22 and OHIP-14 questionnaires were compared to signs during endoscopic and radiological evaluation. Results: Coexistence of odontogenic sinusitis with nasal polyps significantly decreases the quality of life, especially concerning the emotional domain (p = 0.047). Patency of ostiomeatal corresponds well with the severity of sinonasal symptoms reported with SNOT-22 (p = 0.051). Extent of maxillary sinus opacifications scored with Zinreich scale correlates positively with the presence of discharge (p = 0.001) and edema (p = 0.072) in the endoscopic Lund-Kennedy scale. Among 67 teeth with periapical lesions, 73.1% had undergone previous root canal treatment, but in 47.8% of cases, it was defined as incomplete. Endodontic status did not affect the severity of patient’s complaints. Conclusion: In case of odontogenic sinusitis of endodontic origin, endoscopic signs correlate better than radiological with the self-reported symptoms. In order to better evaluate the severity of the disease and possible need of surgical intervention, both otolaryngologists and dental specialists should focus on extent of inflammatory lesions in the maxillary sinus.
Treatment-Free Remission in Real-World Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients: Insights from German Hematology Practices
Authors: Dengler Jolanta , Tesch Hans , Jentsch-Ullrich Kathleen , Gerhardt Anke , Schulte Clemens , Lipke Jörg , Löwe Gunnar , Kiani Alexander
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Treatment-free remission (TFR) is increasingly considered as treatment goal for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), but information on the disposition and outcome of TFR in clinical practice is scarce. Here, we report the characteristics of patients with CML in deep molecular remission (DMR) and/or after an attempt of TFR reported by 33 German hematologists. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively by means of a questionnaire. Patients were eligible if they had either discontinued tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy or had achieved DMR of at least MR4 (BCR-ABL ≤0.01%) prior to the time-point of data collection. Results: 797 patients were included in the analysis, out of which 281 patients had been discontinued from TKI treatment. TKI discontinuation rates among practices were variable, ranging from 0 to 36 patients. Mean time from TKI initiation to discontinuation was 7.2 years; mean duration of MR4 before TFR was 3.5 years. At the time of entering TFR, most patients (90.8%) had achieved a deep molecular response (≥MR4). BCR-ABL monitoring during TFR was performed heterogeneously: Within the first 6 months of TFR, 58.6% of the practices reported mean monitoring intervals of <6 weeks, while 20.7% employed intervals >8 weeks. After entering TFR, 53.2% of patients remained in MR4 or better. TKI treatment was reinitiated in 108 patients, mainly for loss of major molecular remission. Conclusions: These clinical data from a German real-life population show that TKI discontinuation is feasible in clinical practice. Outcomes appear to be comparable to those reported in clinical trials, but molecular monitoring in TFR is rather variable.
The Influence of Body Mass Index on the Growth Hormone Peak Response regarding Growth Hormone Stimulation Tests in Children
Authors: Thieme Friedemann , Vogel Mandy , Gausche Ruth , Beger Christoph , Vasilakis Ioannis-Anargyros , Kratzsch Jürgen , Körner Antje , Kiess Wieland , Pfäffle Roland Werner
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Several studies have analyzed the association between the maximal growth hormone serum level obtained during a growth hormone stimulation test (GHMax) and the body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS). However, as sample sizes were quite small, our study aimed to analyze the association between GHMax and BMI-SDS within a large cohort of 991 children. Further, we investigated other influencing factors, like test type, age, sex, puberty, and preterm birth. Methods: Children with short stature (height <10th percentile) received growth hormone stimulation tests with arginine or glucagon at the Department of Paediatric Endocrinology of the University of Leipzig Medical Center. The study population included a total of 1,438 tests (633 tests on girls, 805 tests on boys), with the majority consisting of prepubertal children (tests = 1,138). The mean age at testing was 7.74 years. Analyses were carried out on the entire cohort as well as stratified by test types. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses using linear mixed-effect models to assess the effects on GHMax. Results: GHMax and BMI-SDS were significantly negatively associated with an effect size of β = −1.10 (p < 0.001), independent from the test type. The GHMax values were significantly (p < 0.001) higher for glucagon (mean value: 9.65 ng/mL) than those for arginine tests (mean value: 8.50 ng/mL). Age, sex, premature birth, and puberty were not significantly related to GHMax values. Conclusion: We confirmed the negative association between GHMax and weight status of short children found in previous studies. Therefore, considering BMI-SDS may be helpful in the assessment of growth hormone stimulation tests in short-statured children, but it should not be the determining factor for a treatment decision.
Sodium‐Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Canagliflozin Antagonizes Salt‐Sensitive Hypertension Through Modifying Transient Receptor Potential Channels 3 Mediated Vascular Calcium Handling
Authors: Zhao Yu , Li Li , Lu Zongshi , Hu Yingru , Zhang Hexuan , Sun Fang , Li Qiang , He Chengkang , Shu Wentao , Wang Lijuan , Cao Tingbing , Luo Zhidan , Yan Zhencheng , Liu Daoyan , Gao Peng , Zhu Zhiming
Published: July 2022

Background

Salt‐sensitive hypertension is highly prevalent and associated with cardiorenal damage. Large clinical trials have demonstrated that SGLT2 (sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors exert hypotensive effect and cardiorenal protective benefits in patients with hypertension with and without diabetes. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Methods and Results

Dahl salt‐sensitive rats and salt‐insensitive controls were fed with 8% high‐salt diet and some of them were treated with canagliflozin. The blood pressure, urinary sodium excretion, and vascular function were detected. Transient receptor potential channel 3 (TRPC3) knockout mice were used to explain the mechanism. Canagliflozin treatment significantly reduced high‐salt‐induced hypertension and this effect was not totally dependent on urinary sodium excretion in salt‐sensitive hypertensive rats. Assay of vascular function and proteomics showed that canagliflozin significantly inhibited vascular cytoplasmic calcium increase and vasoconstriction in response to high‐salt diet. High salt intake increased vascular expression of TRPC3 in salt‐sensitive rats, which could be alleviated by canagliflozin treatment. Overexpression of TRPC3 mimicked salt‐induced vascular cytosolic calcium increase in vitro and knockout of TRPC3 erased the antihypertensive effect of canagliflozin. Mechanistically, high‐salt‐induced activation of NCX1 (sodium‐calcium exchanger 1) reverse mode increased cytoplasmic calcium level and vasoconstriction, which required TRPC3, and this process could be blocked by canagliflozin.

Conclusions

We define a previously unrecognized role of TRPC3/NCX1 mediated vascular calcium dysfunction in the development of high‐salt‐induced hypertension, which can be improved by canagliflozin treatment. This pathway is potentially a novel therapeutic target to antagonize salt‐sensitive hypertension.
Identification of Distinct Subgroups in Moderately Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis Using Data‐Driven Phenotyping of Longitudinal Hemodynamic Progression
Authors: Ko Kyu‐Yong , Cho Iksung , Kim Subin , Seong Yeonchan , Kim Dae‐Young , Seo Ji Won , You Seng Chan , Shim Chi Young , Hong Geu‐Ru , Ha Jong‐Won
Published: July 2022

Background

Rheumatic mitral stenosis is a significant cause of valvular heart disease. Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) reflects the hemodynamic consequences of mitral stenosis and is used to determine treatment strategies. However, PASP progression and expected outcomes based on PASP changes in patients with moderately severe mitral stenosis remain unclear.

Methods and Results

A total of 436 patients with moderately severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (valve area 1.0–1.5 cm
2
) were enrolled. Composite outcomes included all‐cause mortality and hospitalization for heart failure. Data‐driven phenotyping identified 2 distinct trajectory groups based on PASP progression: rapid (8.7%) and slow (91.3%). Patients in the rapid progression group were older and had more diabetes and atrial fibrillation than those in the slow progression group (all
P
<0.05). The initial mean diastolic pressure gradient and PASP were higher in the rapid progression group than in the slow progression group (6.2±2.4 mm Hg versus 5.1±2.0 mm Hg [
P
=0.001] and 42.3±13.3 mm Hg versus 33.0±9.2 mm Hg [
P
<0.001], respectively). The rapid progression group had a poorer event‐free survival rate than the slow progression group (log‐rank
P
<0.001). Rapid PASP progression was a significant risk factor for composite outcomes even after adjusting for comorbidities (hazard ratio, 3.08 [95% CI, 1.68–5.64];
P
<0.001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that PASP >40 mm Hg was independently associated with allocation to the rapid progression group (odds ratio, 4.95 [95% CI, 2.08–11.99];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

Rapid PASP progression was associated with a higher risk of the composite outcomes. The main independent predictor for rapid progression group allocation was initial PASP >40 mm Hg.
Predictors and Outcomes of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction in Patients With a Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Above or Below 60%
Authors: Nakagawa Akito , Yasumura Yoshio , Yoshida Chikako , Okumura Takahiro , Tateishi Jun , Yoshida Junichi , Seo Masahiro , Yano Masamichi , Hayashi Takaharu , Nakagawa Yusuke , Tamaki Shunsuke , Yamada Takahisa , Kurakami Hiroyuki , Sotomi Yohei , Nakatani Daisaku , Hikoso Shungo , Sakata Yasushi ,   the Osaka CardioVascular Conference (OCVC)‐Heart Failure Investigators
Published: July 2022

Background

Although potential therapeutic candidates for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are emerging, it is still unclear whether they will be effective in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 60% or higher. Our aim was to identify the clinical characteristics of these patients with HFpEF by comparing them to patients with LVEF below 60%.

Methods and Results

From a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort (PURSUIT‐HFpEF [Prospective Multicenter Obsevational Study of Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction]), we investigated 812 consecutive patients (median age, 83 years; 57% women), including 316 with 50% ≤ LVEF <60% and 496 with 60% ≤ LVEF, and compared the clinical backgrounds of the 2 groups and their prognoses for cardiac mortality or HF readmission. Two hundred four adverse outcomes occurred at a median of 366 days. Multivariable Cox regression tests adjusted for age, sex, heart rate, atrial fibrillation, estimated glomerular filtration rate, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide, and prior heart failure hospitalization revealed that systolic blood pressure (hazard ratio [HR], 0.925 [95% CI, 0.862–0.992];
P
=0.028), high‐density lipoprotein to C‐reactive protein ratio (HR, 0.975 [95% CI, 0.944–0.995];
P
=0.007), and left ventricular end‐diastolic volume index (HR, 0.870 [95% CI, 0.759–0.997];
P
=0.037) were uniquely associated with outcomes among patients with 50% ≤ LVEF <60%, whereas only the ratio of peak early mitral inflow velocity to velocity of mitral annulus early diastolic motion e′(HR, 1.034 [95% CI, 1.003–1.062];
P
=0.034) was associated with outcomes among patients with 60% ≤ LVEF.

Conclusions

Prognostic factors show distinct differences between patients with HFpEF with 50% ≤ LVEF <60% and with 60% ≤ LVEF. These findings suggest that the 2 groups have different inherent pathophysiology.

Registration

URL:
https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi‐open‐bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000024414
; Unique identifier: UMIN000021831 PURSUIT‐HFpEF.
Genomic, Proteomic, and Metabolic Comparisons of Small Animal Models of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Tale of Mice, Rats, and Cats
Authors: Smith Alex N. , Altara Raffaele , Amin Ghadir , Habeichi Nada J. , Thomas Daniel G. , Jun Seungho , Kaplan Abdullah , Booz George W. , Zouein Fouad A.
Published: July 2022

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains a medical anomaly that baffles researchers and physicians alike. The overall phenotypical changes of diastolic function and left ventricular hypertrophy observed in HFpEF are definable; however, the metabolic and molecular alterations that ultimately produce these changes are not well established. Comorbidities such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, as well as general aging, play crucial roles in its development and progression. Various animal models have recently been developed to better understand the pathophysiological and metabolic developments in HFpEF and to illuminate novel avenues for pharmacotherapy. These models include multi‐hit rodents and feline aortic constriction animals. Recently, genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches have been used to define altered signaling pathways in the heart associated with HFpEF, including those involved in inflammation, cGMP‐related, Ca
2+
handling, mitochondrial respiration, and the unfolded protein response in endoplasmic reticulum stress. This article aims to present an overview of what has been learnt by these studies, focusing mainly on the findings in common while highlighting unresolved issues. The knowledge gained from these research models will not simply be of benefit for treating HFpEF but will undoubtedly provide new insights into the mechanisms by which the heart deals with external stresses and how the processes involved can fail.
Endothelial Foxp1 Regulates Neointimal Hyperplasia Via Matrix Metalloproteinase‐9/Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1B Signal Pathway
Authors: Chen Xiaoli , Xu Jianfei , Bao Wenzhen , Li Hongda , Wu Wenrun , Liu Jiwen , Pi Jingjiang , Tomlinson Brian , Chan Paul , Ruan Chengchao , Zhang Qi , Zhang Lin , Fan Huimin , Morrisey Edward , Liu Zhongmin , Zhang Yuzhen , Lin Li , Liu Jie , Zhuang Tao
Published: July 2022

Background

The endothelium is essential for maintaining vascular physiological homeostasis and the endothelial injury leads to the neointimal hyperplasia because of the excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Endothelial Foxp1 (forkhead box P1) has been shown to control endothelial cell (EC) proliferation and migration in vitro. However, whether EC‐Foxp1 participates in neointimal formation in vivo is not clear. Our study aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of EC‐Foxp1 in neointimal hyperplasia.

Methods and Results

The wire injury femoral artery neointimal hyperplasia model was performed in Foxp1 EC‐specific loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function mice. EC‐Foxp1 deletion mice displayed the increased neointimal formation through elevation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and the reduction of EC proliferation hence reendothelialization after injury. In contrast, EC‐Foxp1 overexpression inhibited the neointimal formation. EC‐Foxp1 paracrine regulated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via targeting matrix metalloproteinase‐9. Also, EC‐Foxp1 deletion impaired EC repair through reduction of EC proliferation via increasing cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B expression. Delivery of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B‐siRNA to ECs using RGD (Arg‐Gly‐Asp)‐peptide magnetic nanoparticle normalized the EC‐Foxp1 deletion‐mediated impaired EC repair and attenuated the neointimal formation. EC‐Foxp1 regulates matrix metalloproteinase‐9/cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B signaling pathway to control injury induced neointimal formation.

Conclusions

Our study reveals that targeting EC‐Foxp1‐matrix metalloproteinase‐9/cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B pathway might provide future novel therapeutic interventions for restenosis.
Designing and validating an autoverification system of biochemical test results in Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, clinical laboratory
Authors: Arpaci Abdullah , Doğan Serdar , Özcan Oğuzhan , Gül Bahar Ünlü
Published: July 2022

IntroductionAutoverification (AV) is a postanalytical tool that uses algorithms to validate test results according to specified criteria. The Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) document for AV of clinical laboratory test result (AUTO-10A) includes recommendations for laboratories needing guidance on implementation of AV algorithms. The aim was to design and validate the AV algorithm for biochemical tests.
Materials and methodsCriteria were defined according to AUTO-10A. Three different approaches for algorithm were used as result limit checks, which are reference range, reference range ± total allowable error, and 2nd and 98th percentile values. To validate the algorithm, 720 cases in middleware were tested. For actual cases, 3,188,095 results and 194,520 reports in laboratory information system (LIS) were evaluated using the AV system. Cohen’s kappa (κ) was calculated to determine the degree of agreement between seven independent reviewers and the AV system.
ResultsThe AV passing rate was found between 77% and 85%. The highest rates of AV were in alanine transaminase (ALT), direct bilirubin (DBIL), and magnesium (Mg), which all had AV rates exceeding 85%. The most common reason for non-validated results was the result limit check (41%). A total of 328 reports evaluated by reviewers were compared to AV system. The statistical analysis resulted in a κ value between 0.39 and 0.63 (P < 0.001) and an agreement rate between 79% and 88%.
ConclusionsOur improved model can help laboratories design, build, and validate AV systems and be used as starting point for different test groups.
Inter-rater reliability assessment for the new-born screening quality assurance
Authors: García-Villoria Judit , Argudo-Ramírez Ana , Alvarez Luisa , Sahuquillo Ángeles , Guiñón Leonor , Soler Anna , López Rosa María , Pajares Sonia , de Aledo José Manuel González , Marín José Luis
Published: July 2022

IntroductionTo ensure the quality of the new-born screening (NBS), our laboratory reviewed the analytical procedure to detect subjective steps that may represent a risk to the patient. Two subjective activities were identified in the extra-analytical phases: the classification of dried blood spots (DBS) according to their quality and the assignment of haemoglobin patterns. To keep these activities under control, inter-rater studies were implemented. This study aimed to evaluate the inter-rater reliability and the effectiveness of the measures taken to improve the agreement between observers, to assure NBS results’ quality.
Materials and methodsDried blood spots specimens were used for the inter-rater studies. Ten studies were performed to assess DBS quality classification, and four to assess the assignment of haemoglobin patterns. Krippendorff’s alpha test was used to estimate inter-rater reliability. Causes were investigated when alpha values were below 0.80.
ResultsFor both activities, the reliability obtained in the first studies was inadequate. After investigation, we detected that the criterion to classify a DBS as scant was not consolidated, and also a lack of consensus on whether or not to report Bart’s haemoglobin depending on its percentage. Alpha estimates became higher once the training was reinforced and a consensus about the appropriate criteria to be applied was reached.
ConclusionInter-rater reliability assessment helped us to ensure the quality of subjective activities that could add variability to NBS results. Furthermore, the evolution of the alpha value over time allowed us to verify the effectiveness of the measures adopted.
Basque Food
Authors: Goirizelaia Maialen , Iturregui Leire , Unda Annette
Published: July 2022

This study looks at Basque migrants in the United States and shows how different geographical locations there attracted different groups of migrants over time and how the immigrants organised themselves as a diaspora community and maintained their identity. Emigration from the Basque Country to the United States began during the Gold Rush in 1848; since then there have been multiple, distinct waves of immigration. The study’s results are based on in-depth interviews with Basque Americans and a survey. We analysed Basque communities in the Far West, New England, the Mid-Atlantic states, North Carolina and Florida, and found that Basque food is the most common factor by which Basque migrants maintain their identity, regardless of state, place or generation. Even so, there are differences among communities, which distinguish them from each other. Consequently, in order to connect with the diaspora and create diaspora strategies, governments should take these differences into account.
The Arabs and the Muslims
Authors: Alrmizan Mohammed
Published: July 2022

Both Arab and Muslim migrants have noticeable populations in all parts of the world. This article qualitatively investigates the Arabs, the Muslims, and mainly diaspora and transnationalism theories from historical and social understandings, based on primary and secondary sources. It engages conceptually in defining Arabs and Muslims through the lenses of diaspora and transnationalism theories, discusses theoretical issues and explores the status of the Arab and the Muslim diaspora(s) and transnational communities through primary data and the findings of the Global Muslim Diaspora Project, which surveyed 7,147 participants between 2018 and 2019. The report shows that the Arab experience abroad might be best described as diaspora, whereas Muslim migrants would be best referred to as transnational communities. Diaspora and transnationalism theories, among others, and particularly migration theories, must not be used interchangeably; each term should be used carefully to avoid confusion, especially when Arabs and Muslims are being studied.
Establishing a Digital Belonging
Authors: Madenoglu Dila Naz
Published: July 2022

A sense of belonging is one of the most important human needs. Immigrants might experience this differently because they tend to feel a lack of belonging to their host or home country. Nowadays, however, social media allows immigrants and diasporic groups to establish a digital sense of belonging. Members of the Turkish diaspora in Germany are inclined to use social media, especially Facebook, as a platform to connect with their roots, be informed about Turkish news, prove their Turkishness, and provide solidarity for each other. For this paper, we interviewed fifteen Turkish-Germans to get some insight into their perceptions about developing a digital belonging to Turkey through Facebook. We used discourse analysis to analyse their statements. The results suggest that Facebook allows Turkish-Germans to develop a digital belonging to Turkey through its specific features; however, it decreases their sense of belonging to Germany, as stated in the interviews.
Optimal foraging strategy to balance mixed diet by generalist consumers: a simulation model
Authors: Schuldiner-Harpaz Tarryn , Coll Moshe , Wajnberg Eric
Published: July 2022

Animals of a wide range of taxonomic groups mix various food sources to achieve a nutritionally balanced diet. The strategies they adopt to balance multiple nutrients depend on their availability in the environment. Behavioural and physiological adaptations to forage for nutrient-differing food sources have rarely been investigated in respect to nutrient availability in the environment. We developed a simulation model to explore the strategy consumers should adopt in response to the abundance of two nutritionally complementary food types. Results show that (1) consumers should invest more effort in detecting the scarce resource; (2) there is an optimized negative relationship between effort foragers should allocate to find the two types of food; (3) consumers should exhibit higher selectivity when the proportion of food types in the habitat deviates from their optimal ratio in the diet. These findings have important implications for pest control using predators that benefit from plant-based food supplements.
Poverty, Domestic Violence or Both
Authors: Nwakasi Candidus , De Medeiros Kate , Kafayat Mahmoud
Published: July 2022

This case study highlights challenges such as financial strain and risk of domestic violence experienced by dementia caregivers. Using methods described by Yin (2003), two cases – a 76-year-old woman (Ada) who cared for her husband, and a 32-year old woman (Chika) who cared for her father were selected from a larger study on dementia caregiving in Anambra state. Data, including interview transcripts and field notes, were analyzed for themes. For both women, extreme financial hardship further complicated dementia caregiving challenges. For Chika, there was also the issue of physical assault by her husband who accused her of neglecting her duties at home to care for her father. Despite this, she continued caregiving at the risk of more retribution. The implications of the findings are discussed.
Gramáticas de lo inaudito as Decolonial Grammars: Notes for a Decolonization of Listening
Authors: Acosta López María del Rosario
Published: July 2022

This paper proposes to reflect self-critically on an ongoing research project entitled “Grammars of listening,” which started as a philosophical approach to the question of listening at the site of trauma and the challenges this kind of listening poses to our conceptions of memory and history, and has recently shifted to asking about the possible limitations to such a reflection when confronted with a decolonial perspective on temporality. I start by presenting a conceptual background for my inquiry, and asking what kind of listening is required when trauma is considered as a colonizing form of violence – that is, when its effects are not only understood as an assault on life but on the conditions of production of sense that make life legible. Following the kind of challenges that such an understanding of trauma poses to the responsibility to listen to its testimony, the paper moves on to propose that only a decolonial approach to listening can truly do justice to the task of rendering testimonies of traumatic violence audible. By decolonizing the frameworks that organize and determine colonial and colonizing distributions of sense, I propose that grammars of lo inaudito understood as decolonial grammars contribute to resisting and disorganizing the criteria for legibility and audibility that colonizing forms of violence not only institute but constantly actualize in their attempt to perpetuate their silencing power.1
Pork Consumption as an Identity Marker in Ancient Israel: The Textual Evidence
Authors: Darshan Guy
Published: July 2022

While a finding of pig remains has often been regarded in Iron Age archaeological studies as an indication of the inhabitants’ identity, several recent zooarchaeological studies have shown that the archaeological record is more complex, and that pig remains cannot serve as an identity marker. The textual evidence analyzed in this paper supports this direction and suggests a multistage development process leading up to various expressions of the pig taboo in ancient Israelite belief. While in the Pentateuch pigs are mentioned alongside other impure animals and are not accorded excessive impurity amongst them, the textual sources indicate that pigs received a special status and became an identity marker only from the Greco-Roman period onwards. This paper also shows that during this period even the word “pig” became taboo in certain instances, as seen from three texts preserved in LXX of Samuel-Kings (1–4 Kingdoms) but missing from MT.
Inventing “Early Modern” Europe: Fashioning a New Historical Period in American Historiography 1880–1945
Authors: Nipperdey Justus
Published: July 2022

According to perceived wisdom the term “early modern” emerged in the mid-twentieth century and only developed into a meaningful term of periodization in the 1960s and 1970s. In contrast, this article shows that American historians already started to use “early modern” in a substantive way at the turn of the twentieth century. In the interwar years the term permeated all areas of professional activity from textbooks and graduate school seminars to conferences, research articles, and job descriptions. Moreover, the impetus for inventing an early modern period was neither to counter the concept of the Renaissance nor to showcase the modernizing traits of the post-Reformation centuries. Instead, “early modern” gained widespread recognition as a term denoting the non-modernity of the centuries preceding the French and Industrial Revolutions as opposed to “real” modernity thereafter.
A Response to Wolfart’s “Religious Literacy”: Some Considerations and Reservations
Authors: Enstedt Daniel
Published: July 2022

This text addresses three related aspects of Wolfart’s article on religious literacy: the critique of assumptions on the outcome of increased religious literacy, questions about the purpose of religious education, and the suggestion that religious studies are ex-theological. Although the predictability of the results of certain classroom activities presents a fundamental problem, I argue that the tentative and generic abilities highlighted in the religious literacy discourse may function as a starting point to elaborate on a better definition of religious literacy in religious studies. Moreover, based on Biesta’s educational philosophy, I argue that the religious literacy discourse is about learnification in rhetorical disguise as value-based education. Instead, I suggest that the purpose of religious education should be (re)considered from Biesta’s three dimensions of qualification, socialization, and subjectification. Finally, I problematize Wolfart’s suggestion that religious studies are ex-theological and conclude that, although there are a theological dimension and a genealogy to be observed in the religious literacy discourse, other kinds of scholarly aspects are also worth exploring further.
Worldview Literacy as Educational Praxis
Authors: Shaw Martha
Published: July 2022

This response picks up on two key themes identified by Wolfhart: that of the contested aims of “religious literacy” and the lack of an evidence base for its efficacy. Focusing on the context of formal schooling, the idea of “worldview literacy” is presented as an alternative to “religious literacy”. Rather than an outcome of education, “worldview literacy” is presented as a process of encounter in plurality, an educational praxis that brings young people to a greater understanding of the dynamic diversity of worldviews and of themselves as social actors therein. This reconciles what are often seen as competing aims of Religious Education and provides a framework for a more distributed worldviews education. It is suggested that amidst a preoccupation with measurement, attention needs to be refocused on the value of the educational process itself.
The Evolution of Whistleblowing Protection in Healthcare on a European Level
Authors: Walraet Paulien , Palmieri Sofia , Goffin Tom
Published: July 2022

The protection of whistleblowers in healthcare is necessary to ensure quality of care by raising concerns about suspected breaches of human rights and Union law. This protection has evolved over the years through initiatives from the European Council, which were also taken into account in two rulings of the European Court of Human Rights, and the European Parliament. However, these initiatives implement a general framework rather than focussing directly on healthcare. This article therefore starts from analysing the general protection. Hereinafter, the relevance for the healthcare sector will be examined for each of the involved initiatives.
One Health and Pathogen Sharing: Filling the Gap in the International Health Regulations to Strengthen Global Pandemic Preparedness and Response
Authors: Negri Stefania , Eccleston-Turner Mark
Published: July 2022

The covid-19 pandemic and other major public health emergencies of international concern occurred in the last 20 years remind us of the close interconnections between human, animal, and environmental health and the need for collaborative and multisectoral approaches to address complex health threats. These outbreaks also serve to highlight the importance of timely sharing of pathogens, which are used to characterise the causative agent of an outbreak, understand its spread, and develop diagnostics, antiviral treatments, and vaccines. Despite their relevance to preparedness and response, neither One Health nor pathogen sharing are grounded within the International Health Regulations (ihr). This paper analyses the existing institutional and normative gaps within the ihr, including examining how other regimes within the international legal landscape have sought to ‘fill the gaps’. We explore possible solutions and make proposals to strengthen interinstitutional cooperation and coordination through mechanisms alternative to ihr reform or a global pandemic treaty.
Mending Dispute Resolution under the International Health Regulations
Authors: Hoffman Steven J. , Habibi Roojin , Villarreal Pedro , Campbell Sophie
Published: July 2022

International dispute resolution not only aims to redress wrongdoings, but also to deter states from violating obligations. Approaching the International Health Regulations (ihr) from this viewpoint and using recent global health crises as examples, this paper argues that dispute resolution must be strengthened in the ihr in order to protect global health security. While a diverse range of dispute resolution mechanisms exist in other legal regimes, this paper proposes that a three-pronged architecture consisting of a guidance mechanism, formal adjudicative mechanism, and recourse to the icj and binding arbitration would provide for the most efficient and timely response to a dispute between states parties. Importantly, this architecture can be used both prior to and during a global health crisis, and could incentivize states parties towards solidarity in the global public health response.
Educational Expectations of School-Age Street Children in Tanzania
Authors: Anangisye William A. L. , Xu Qian
Published: July 2022

This research investigated the expectations of school-age street children who operate in the margins and whose prospects tend to be in limbo despite the country’s commitment to egalitarianism and universalisation of its basic education. The study generated data using interviews, observations, and documentary reviews. The findings suggest that school-age children on the streets were mainly drop-out cases with some not having any formal education. Despite being on the streets, the study found that these school-age children still nurse educational dreams and understand the link between education and employment. Hence, the onus is on stakeholders to adopt mechanisms that unreservedly guarantee universal access to, and participation in education for all Tanzanian children operating in the margins.