bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Psssst! Der Film der ZHAW Hochschulbibliothek
Authors: Meyer Kälin Margrit
Published: April 2022

„Sie glauben, Bibliotheken sind total veraltet, seit es das Internet gibt? Na, dann passen Sie mal auf!“ So beginnt der aktuelle Film1 über die Hochschulbibliothek der ZHAW2 (im Folgenden HSB genannt), der seit dem Herbstsemester 2020 an allen Einführungsveranstaltungen der HSB eingesetzt wird, damit die neuen Studierenden einen fachkundigen – und humorvollen – Eindruck davon erhalten, was sie an der ZHAW Hochschulbibliothek erwartet. Wie es dazu kam, dass die Hochschulbibliothek einen Film drehte, welche Hindernisse und Stolpersteine es gab und wer welche Reaktionen zeigte, erfahren Sie im nachfolgenden Text.
Wir sind ein Land mit Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Knava Irene
Published: April 2022

Der Artikel beschreibt die Umsetzung von Diversitätsorientierung in Bibliotheken. Ausgehend von einer Status-Quo-Analyse wird ein Zukunftsbild der Institution in einem überarbeiteten Mission Statement definiert und über die strategischen Wirkungsziele mit den betrieblichen Abläufen verwoben. Die Institution erfährt eine Neuausrichtung ihrer Aufbau- und Ablauforganisation. Potentielle Nutzer*innen und Communitys werden mittels Co-Kreation in den Veränderungsprozess einbezogen und neue Angebote bedarfsorientiert gestaltet.
Podcasting für Bibliotheken – Hintergründe und Bericht zum Universitätslehrgangs-Abschlussprojekt „Research Library Podcast“ der Universitätsbibliothek Wien
Authors: Forster Martin
Published: April 2022

Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema Podcasting im bibliothekarischen Umfeld. Dafür geht er zunächst zum einen auf das Phänomen Podcast im Allgemeinen ein und liefert andererseits einen praxisnahen Einblick am Beispiel des Research Library Podcast der Universitätsbibliothek Wien, an dem der Autor im Rahmen seines Abschlussprojektes des Universitätslehrgangs Library and Information Studies mitgearbeitet hat – und weiterhin dafür tätig ist.
Preliminary screening of microplastic contamination in different marine fish species of Taif market, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Khattab Yassir , Mohammadein Amaal , Al Malki Jamila S. , Hussien Nahed Ahmed , Tantawy Ehab M.
Published: April 2022

Microplastics (MPs), as a physical anthropogenic contaminant, represent a serious, human health concern due to their toxicity and ability to act as vectors for other pollutants and pathogens. This study aimed to screen for MP contamination in marine fish in Taif market, Saudi Arabia. A total of 22 fish species were used according to their different marine habitats and feedings. We have focused on extracting MPs from gills and muscles using KOH digestion. Nile red dye was used for the MP identification under fluorescence microscopy followed by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. This study has reported MP contamination in gills and muscles of all the studied fish, in which poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) was present in epipelagic species, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(2,4,6,-tribromostyrene) (PtBS) were present in pelagic species, and PtBS and chlorosulfonated polyethylene were present in demersal/benthopelagic species. Moreover, benthic fish samples contain PtBS particles; reef-associated species have three different MP particles/fiber PtBS, PVDF, and poly(vinyl formal) and the rest of the studied species samples contain PtBS. The results highlight that the MP pollution increased to reach different species from the pelagic species to the benthic ones. PtBS as a type of polystyrene was the most dominant MP found in most species.
Chlorophytum alismifolium mitigates microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the involvement of oxidative stress and aldose reductase
Authors: Abubakar Abdulhakim , Nazifi Abdullahi Balarabe , Maje Idris Mohammed , Tanko Yusuf , Anuka Joseph Akpojo , Abdurahman Ezzeldin Mukthar
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Chlorophytum alismifolium (C. alismifolium) tubers are used in the management of diabetes. This research evaluated the effect of ethylacetate extract of C. alismifolium (EACA) on microvascular complications and the possible association of oxidative stress and aldose reductase in type 2 diabetic rats.

Methods

C. alismifolium tubers were subjected to sequential extraction until ethylacetate extract was obtained using a soxhlet apparatus. The LD50 was determined using the OECD 425 guideline. The animals were placed on high fat diet for 42 days and then induced with hyperglycaemia using 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin. Diabetic neuropathy was evaluated using thermal and mechanical methods. Serum was used for the assessment of oxidative stress markers and biochemical markers of retinopathy and nephropathy. Serum aldose reductase was investigated by utilizing the principle of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results

The median lethal dose of EACA was assessed to be above 5,000 mg/kg and it caused no mortality. Treatment with EACA significantly reduced the withdrawal times in both thermal and mechanical hyperalgesic methods (p<0.05). EACA also significantly reduced the levels of urea (p<0.001), albumin (p<0.05) and uric acid (p<0.001) in hyperglycaemic rats. EACA significantly decreased the amounts of low density lipoprotein and triglycerides (p<0.001). There was a remarkable elevation in the levels of high density lipoprotein (p<0.05). A significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of magnesium was observed in the EACA-treated groups. EACA significantly increased catalase (p<0.05) and reduced malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05). The levels of aldose reductase was significantly (p<0.001) reduced by EACA compared to the hyperglycaemic control.

Conclusions

The ethylacetate extract of C. alismifolium has beneficial effects in alleviating microvascular complications of diabetes through the inhibition of oxidative stress and aldose reductase in diabetic rats.
In vitro effects of 95% khat ethanol extract (KEE) on human recombinant cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2J2 and CYP3A5
Authors: Lim Sharoen Yu Ming , Alshagga Mustafa Ahmed , Alshawsh Mohammed Abdullah , Ong Chin Eng , Pan Yan
Published: April 2022

Objectives

Khat, a natural amphetamine-like psychostimulant plant, are widely consumed globally. Concurrent intake of khat and xenobiotics may lead to herb-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study is a continuation of our previous study, targeted to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory effects of khat ethanol extract (KEE) on human cytochrome (CYP) 1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2J2, and CYP3A5, major human drug metabolizing enzymes.

Methods

In vitro fluorescence enzyme assays were employed to assess CYPs inhibition with the presence and absence of various KEE concentrations.

Results

KEE reversibly inhibited CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2J2 and CYP3A5 but not CYP1A2 with IC50 values of 25.5, 99, 4.5, 21, 27, 17, and 10 μg/mL respectively. No irreversible inhibition of KEE on all the eight CYPs were identified. The Ki values of CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2J2 and CYP3A5 were 20.9, 85, 4.8, 18.3, 59.3, 3, and 21.7 μg/mL, respectively. KEE inhibited CYP2B6 via competitive or mixed inhibition; CYP2E1 via un-competitive or mixed inhibition; while CYP2A6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2J2 and CYP3A5 via non-competitive or mixed inhibition.

Conclusions

Caution should be taken by khat users who are on medications metabolized by CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, CYP2J2, and CYP3A5.
Cancel Culture in the Middle Ages
Authors: Eriksen Stefka G.
Published: April 2022

The aim of this article is to explore how non-Christian deities are described, in comparison to the Christian God, in three Old Norse texts, belonging to different genres: Heimskringla, Barlaams saga og Jósafats, Elíss saga ok Rosamundu. These texts describe the pantheons of the Nordic cultures, the Babylonians, the Greeks, the Egyptians, and the Saracens. The main question that I discuss is whether these texts may be seen as transmitting useful knowledge and information about these religions and pantheons to their Nordic audiences or whether they are meant to mainly serve the mandate of their Christian authors. I interpret my results by deploying cognitive literary theory and the concept of mentalization. To conclude, I discuss whether the way non-Christian deities are described may be seen as a mental guide for Old Norse readers to practise mentalization according to the Christian empathetic scripts, in order to reach a deeper cognitive and religious conviction and thus strengthen their Christian identities and communities during the times of the Crusades.
The Ḥawqala and the Syriac Version of Zechariah: 4.6b
Authors: Harvey Elon
Published: April 2022

The popular Islamic formula known as the ḥawqala (lā ḥawla wa-lā quwwata illā bi-Llāh) is first attested in Ḥadīth and other written sources from around the eighth century CE. A similar formula is Q: 18 (al-Kahf).39b (lā quwwata illā bi-Llāh). Some scholars in the first Islamic centuries were concerned that the non-Qurʾānic ḥawqala would be more venerated than Q: 18.39b or confused with it. In this essay, I suggest in what respect the ḥawqala is related to Q: 18.39b. I argue that the ḥawqala is perhaps influenced by Zech: 4.6b (lō be-ḥayil we-lō be-koʾaḥ kī im be-rūḥī) and its Syriac version. Past scholars have noted the similarity between the ḥawqala and Zech: 4.6b, but the exact relation between these two phrases has not been fully explored. I therefore discuss the linguistic and thematic similarities between both phrases and note some Islamic traditions in which the ḥawqala is said to be of Biblical provenance. By this, I show that there is good reason to suspect that the ḥawqala is partly influenced by Zech: 4.6b and its Syrac version, and that this probably occurred at an early stage in the development of Islam when Jewish scripture was more regularly consulted as a means of confirming Islamic revelation.
Ultra-fast and effective ultrasonic synthesis of potassium borate: Santite
Authors: İla Sibel , Kipcak Azmi Seyhun , Derun Emek Moroydor
Published: April 2022

In this study, a potassium borate compound of santite is synthesized at 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, and 90°C reaction temperature for 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 min reaction time by using eight different raw material combinations of K2CO3, KNO3, NaOH, H3BO3, B2O3, Na2B4O9·5H2O, and Na2B4O9·10H2O. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis synthesized potassium borate compound is identified as “santite (KB5O8·4H2O)” with powder diffraction file no. 01-072-1688. Raman spectroscopy results showed that the synthesized compound consists of typical boron mineral bands, and the spectra obtained were in mutual agreement with potassium borate, according to the literature. Scanning electron microscopic morphologies showed that obtained santite has different particle shapes as the raw material combination changed and the particle sizes are found between 305 nm and 2.03 µm. Overall reaction yields are found between 76.11% and 99.26%, even such lower reaction times with respect to the literature.
Comparison of microstructure and wear behaviors of PTA coated AISI 304 with alumina, boron and ekaboron III powder
Authors: Imak Anil , Kirik Ihsan , Kilic Musa
Published: April 2022

In this study, three different powder (alumina, boron, and ekaboron III) combinations were coated on the austenitic stainless steel surface by the PTA welding method. The microstructure and wear resistances of the composites coating obtained under different parameters and coating layer were comparison and analyzed. The microstructure, microhardness, and abrasion resistance of different powder coatings were compared and systematically investigated. It has been found that successful bonding is present in almost all of the coatings made and the microstructure of all sample were different. However, the highest hardness values (alumina, ekaboron III and boron) were measured as 1133, 1154, and 1220 HV, respectively. Trying to find the most suitable coatings by comparing different commonly used powders has been the main goal in this study.
Crashworthiness design of heat treated vehicle parts with tailored properties
Authors: Öztürk İsmail
Published: April 2022

In this study, a boron steel bumper beam’s crashworthiness performance with three different hardness values and six different bumper beam designs with tailored properties was compared in passenger safety. Peak crushing force and energy absorption values of the beams were examined by frontal impact simulations. Minimum peak crushing force value was obtained with the O25 heat treated beam, the front side O25 and rear side T500 heat treated beam and the front side T500 and rear side O25 heat treated beam. The Front side T25 and rear side O25 heat treated beam gave the highest energy absorption value. Single and multi-objective optimization studies were conducted to maximize energy absorption and minimize peak crushing force for this beam with tailored properties. The optimal beam improved the impact performance of the structure. Therefore, this beam can be used in front bumper beam design to improve passive safety.
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of two xanthones derivatives isolated from the leaves extract of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae)
Authors: Nkouam Francine Tsopjio , Momeni Jean , Fadimatou Epse Abdourahman , Monde Gaye , Tsopmejio Jean Paul , Tchamango Serge Raoul , Ngassoum Martin Benoît
Published: April 2022

Phytochemical investigations on the dechlorophyllated extract of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae) leaves have enabled the isolation of two xanthones derivatives: 1,8-dihydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyxanthone (1) and 1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone (2) known, respectively, as swertiaperenin (1) and decussatin (2), but isolated here for the first time from this plant. The structures of these compounds were investigated by rigorous analysis of their one- and two-dimensional NMR spectral data. Compounds (1) and (2) were evaluated for their antioxidant activities using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method (DPPH°); the reducing power of iron III (FRAP) and antibacterial activity by the solid diffusion method on three bacteria strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus). The results obtained show that the two compounds have good antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Obviously, swertiaperenin and decussatin are among the active secondary’s metabolites responsible for the biological activity of A. schweinfurthii Gild recognized by the Cameroonian populations.
Leverage Shocks: Firm-Level Evidence on Debt Overhang and Investment
Authors: Cevik Serhan , Miryugin Fedor
Published: April 2022

The global economy is in the midst of an unprecedented slump caused by the coronavirus pandemic. This systemic risk like no other at a time of record-breaking debt levels, especially among non-financial firms across the world, could exacerbate corporate vulnerabilities, deepen macro-financial instability, and cause long-lasting damage to economic potential. Using data on more than 3.7 million non-financial firms from 58 countries during the period 1997–2019, we develop a two-pronged approach to investigate the relationship between corporate leverage and fixed investment spending. The empirical analysis, robust to a battery of sensitivity checks, confirm corporate leverage is highly vulnerable to disruptions in profitability and cash flow at the firm level and economic growth at the aggregate level. These findings imply that corporate debt overhang could become a strenuous burden on non-financial firms, especially if the COVID-19 pandemic lingers and global downturn becomes protracted.
Dust–ion acoustic solitary waves in a collisionless magnetized five components plasma
Authors: Halder Paltu , Bandyopadhyay Anup , Dalui Sandip , Sardar Sankirtan
Published: April 2022

We have derived a Korteweg–de Vries–Zakharov–Kuznetsov (KdV-ZK) equation to study the nonlinear behavior of dust–ion acoustic waves in a collisionless magnetized five components dusty plasma consisting of warm adiabatic ions, nonthermal hot electrons, isothermal cold electrons, nonthermal positrons and static negatively charged dust particulates. It is found that the coefficient of the nonlinear term of the KdV-ZK equation vanishes along different family of curves in different compositional parameter planes. In this situation, to describe the nonlinear behavior of dust–ion acoustic waves, we have derived a modified KdV-ZK (MKdV-ZK) equation. When the coefficients of the nonlinear terms of both KdV-ZK and MKdV-ZK equations are simultaneously equal to zero, then we have derived a further modified KdV-ZK (FMKdV-ZK) equation which effectively describes the nonlinear behavior of dust–ion acoustic waves. Analytically and numerically, we have investigated the solitary wave solutions of different evolution equations propagating obliquely to the direction of the external static uniform magnetic field. We have seen that the amplitude of the KdV soliton strictly increases with increasing β
e, whereas the amplitude of the MKdV soliton strictly decreases with increasing β
e, where β
e is the nonthermal parameter associated with the hot electron species. Also, there exists a critical value

β

r

(

c

)

${\beta }_{\text{r}}^{(\text{c})}$

of β
e such that the FMKdV soliton exists within the interval

β

r

(

c

)

<

β

e

≤

4

7

${\beta }_{\text{r}}^{(\text{c})}< {\beta }_{\text{e}}\le \frac{4}{7}$

, whereas the FMKdV soliton does not exist within the interval

0
<

β

e

<

β

r

(

c

)

$0< {\beta }_{\text{e}}< {\beta }_{\text{r}}^{(\text{c})}$

. We have also discussed the effect of different parameters of the system on solitary waves obtained from the different evolution equations.
Informationstechnik als Herausforderung
Authors: Spur Günter
Published: April 2022

Der Fortschritt der Informationstechnik verändert nachhaltig die Entwicklung unserer Gesellschaft. Dieser Prozeß strukturiert mit zunehmender Eigendynamik eine immaterielle Welt, die nicht nur global unsere Wirtschafts- und Arbeitskultur prägt, sondern auch massiv unsere Lebenskultur durchdringt. Ein sprunghafter Wandel gesellschaftlicher Lebensgewohnheiten ist erkennbar. Als neue Dimension der technologischen Entwicklung führt die Informationstechnik zum Aufbau und Betrieb einer technologisch bestimmten Hilfswelt, die ein Leistungsvermögen erhält, das weit über die Vorstellungswelt des einzelnen Menschen hinausgeht.
Evaluation of Internal Pressure Creep Rupture Life of Boiler Tube Using Miniature Tensile Creep Test
Authors: Nakatsuka H. , Katoh K. , Naitoh T. , Tomobe M. , Nitta A.
Published: April 2022

Many studies have been made for evaluating the creep rupture life of a boiler tube. The working stress of a tube under internal pressure is calculated mostly by the mean-diameter formula adopted in design for pressurized components. However, this stress is not always representative of a complex stress state under internal pressure. So, focusing on the representative stress, internal pressure and uniaxial creep tests were conducted using unused and 90,000-h used boiler tubes of Type 321 stainless steel in this study. A miniature specimen (1.5 mm in width, 1.5 mm in thickness, and 25 mm in length) for the uniaxial test was taken from the middle of the tube wall in the direction of the maximum principal stress. As a result, the mean-diameter formula did not present good agreement between internal pressure and uniaxial creep rupture lives. Hence, as an alternative stress, von Mises equivalent stress, which presents good correlation between uniaxial and multiaxial creep rupture properties, was chosen. The equivalent stress, σ*, at the middle of a tube wall was calculated using Rimrott’s solution to internal pressure creep of thick-walled tubes considering large deformation. Because σ* increases with creep strain under internal pressure, σ* at εθo = εθof / 2 (where, εθo and εθ0f are tangential and tangential rupture strains on the outer diameter, respectively) was employed as the representative stress. Consequently, this stress resulted in good agreement between both creep rupture lives for the unused tube. However, the internal pressure creep rupture life of the used tube was inconsistent with the uniaxial life, which was attributed to the existence of an outside layer due to exposure to combustion gas. Using a reduction rate of the rupture ductility of the layer, the internal pressure creep rupture life of the used tube was evaluated well with the unused tube.
Chorality’s Sonic-Social Relationships
Authors: Engelhardt Jeffers , Bancroft Kate , Rule Alex , Wang Charlotte
Published: April 2022

The sonic-social relationships of people singing together, chanting, or engaged in group vocality are underrepresented in voice, sound, and music studies. Work on the voice tends to focus on individual voices, despite the human commonplace of group singing, choric chanting, and joint speech. This article brings into conversation practice-based, ethnographic, and theoretical perspectives on chorality to mark a noteworthy constellation of interdisciplinary work on voice; decolonial, antiracist, and LGBTQ+ activism; crowds and masses; intimate publics; and democratic politics. Writing in 2021 at a moment when voices joined in chants and anthems of protest assume tragic urgency, and when chanting and singing together risk physical and social violence and the transmission of COVID-19, the authors fix their attention on sonic-social relationships in chorality in order to set down how the precarity of this moment can translate into new thinking about joint voicing. In the case studies at the heart of this article, the authors offer four frames for approaching sonic-social relationships in chorality—activist choirs, collegiate a cappella, call-response singing, and virtual choirs. They advocate for a both-and approach to the sonic-social relationship in chorality: Sound qualities matter, often urgently, as does chorality’s social power to include, capture, and exclude. Ultimately, the article stresses that chorality is ethically neutral—a key methodological consideration in encountering chorality. What emerges from chorality’s sonic-social relationships, then, is the presence or absence of care—care for the effects of chorality’s uplift or harm, carelessness with chorality’s difference-leveling potentials, and chorality as an upwelling of care.
Financial Pressure, Deferred Tax Expense, and Tax Aggressiveness: Audit Committee as the Moderation Variable
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Alfiani Hani , Apriliyana Sari , Siciliya Ayu Rida
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This research aims to confirm the influence of financial pressure and deferred tax expense on tax aggressiveness and the moderation capability of audit committee.Method: The sample comprises manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) throughout 2016-2019, which is filtered out to 102 sample data. This test was carried out using regression analysis and the interaction test of Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA).Finding: Firm size negatively influences tax aggressiveness, leverage positively influences tax aggressiveness, and deferred tax expense does not influence tax aggressiveness. Audit committee can moderate the positive influence of leverage on tax aggressiveness, but cannot moderate the influence of firm size and deferred tax expense on tax aggressiveness. These conclusions indicate that audit committee is unable to decrease tax aggressiveness.Novelty: This study considers the effectiveness of engaging audit committee as a factor that moderates the influence of financial pressure and deferred tax expense on tax aggressiveness in developing countries.
Ablation Lesion Assessment with MRI
Authors: Mont Lluís , Roca-Luque Ivo , Althoff Till F
Published: April 2022

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) MRI is capable of detecting not only native cardiac fibrosis, but also ablation-induced scarring. Thus, it offers the unique opportunity to assess ablation lesions non-invasively. In the atrium, LGE-MRI has been shown to accurately detect and localise gaps in ablation lines. With a negative predictive value close to 100% it can reliably rule out pulmonary vein reconnection non-invasively and thus may avoid unnecessary invasive repeat procedures where a pulmonary vein isolation only approach is pursued. Even LGE-MRI-guided repeat pulmonary vein isolation has been demonstrated to be feasible as a standalone approach. LGE-MRI-based lesion assessment may also be of value to evaluate the efficacy of ventricular ablation. In this respect the elimination of LGE-MRI-detected arrhythmogenic substrate may serve as a potential endpoint, but validation in clinical studies is lacking. Despite holding great promise, the widespread use of LGE-MRI is still limited by the absence of standardised protocols for image acquisition and post-processing. In particular, reproducibility across different centres is impeded by inconsistent thresholds and internal references to define fibrosis. Thus, uniform methodological and analytical standards are warranted to foster a broader implementation in clinical practice.
Por uma teoria da justiça feminista
Authors: Maia Tatiana Vargas , Barbosa Camila Palhares
Published: April 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar e desenvolver as críticas feministas à Teoria da Justiça de John Rawls, especialmente por meio do diálogo e das contribuições de Martha Nussbaum e Susan Okin para um liberalismo feminista. Para tanto, discutimos três pontos centrais no debate entre essas duas filósofas feministas e Rawls: a) a noção de família como uma instituição básica da sociedade; b) a distinção entre doutrinas morais abrangentes razoáveis e não razoáveis; e c) a concepção de pessoa política com autonomia plena. As críticas à teoria rawlsiana feitas por feministas demonstram a riqueza e a profundidade de Rawls para o liberalismo contemporâneo, ao mesmo tempo em que apontam para os problemas que teorias que tradicionalmente não desenvolvem um olhar crítico para a situação generificada dos sistemas democráticos encontram ao abordar a situação da cidadania das mulheres. As demandas do feminismo liberal, relacionadas à situação de mulheres ao redor do mundo, são muito bem-articuladas por Nussbaum a partir de sua crítica interna ao liberalismo rawlsiano, enfatizando que algumas das disposições teóricas desse autor (sobretudo no tocante à situação da família) não parecem ser radicais o suficiente para garantir a disponibilidade integral dessas capacidades para mulheres e crianças. Da mesma forma, o diálogo de Nussbaum com as críticas de Okin aprofundaram o debate sobre os limites da teoria da justiça rawlsiana.
Checklist of the freshwater shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) from the Banggai Archipelago, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Annawaty Annawaty , E. Lapasang Nur Hidayah , Rahayu Puji , Hairul Hairul , Rahman I. Tadeko Fazlur , Dwiyanto Diky
Published: April 2022

The mainland of Sulawesi is well known for its high diversity of freshwater shrimps. However, many small islands surrounding Sulawesi have been neglected and have not been unexplored. Here, we report on the freshwater shrimps of the Banggai Archipelago, eastern Sulawesi, based on field collections between 2017 and 2019 on four islands, Peleng, Labobo, Bangkurung, and Banggai. Eleven species were found: Caridina brevidactyla J. Roux, 1920, Caridina brevicarpalis De Man, 1892, Caridina gracilipes De Man, 1892, Caridina gracilirostris De Man, 1892, Caridina serratirostris De Man, 1892, Caridina typus H. Milne Edwards, 1837, Caridina weberi De Man, 1892, Macrobrachium australe (Guérin-Méneville, 1838), Macrobrachium equidens (Dana, 1852), Macrobrachium lar (Fabricius, 1798), and Macrobrachium latidactylus (Thallwitz, 1891). One species, C. brevidactyla, is a newly recorded from Sulawesi. Knowledge of the diversity of the freshwater shrimp fauna can contribute to the conservation of species and their habitats.
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP, SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND ANNUAL CPUE’s OF ALBACORE IN EASTERN INDIAN OCEAN
Authors: Setyadji Bram , Nugraha Budi , Nugroho Duto
Published: April 2022

Albacore (Thunnus alalunga, Bonnaterre, 1788) is one of the tropical tuna species in the Eastern Indian Ocean incidentally caught by the Indonesian tuna longliner. Scientific observer series data during the period of 2005 – 2012 showed that the catches were geographically distributed within the area bordered by 5 – 350 S and 75 – 1300 E. High CPUE mainly occurred in sub area between 250 and 350 S. Some biological observations indicated that immature albacore specimens were mainly recorded in areas of south of 250 S while mature albacore were concentrated in the area between 100 S and 250 S. Length – weight measurements for pooled male and female was W= 0.00008FL2.7271. The hook-rates from onboard observation showed that increasing rates occurred during 2009 to 2012. The annual landing showed that that highest occurred in 2008 and the lowest in 2011 with overall tend to decrease until 2011 and increased slightly in 2012. Series number of length frequency measurements (2005 - 2012) showed that the albacore were caught within the range of 40 – 135 cm FL and there was a tendency that the average size decreased gradually from 103 cmFL (2005) to 84 cmFL (2012). As a preliminary finding these estimates contribute as important element for consideration in the national and regional tuna fisheries management in the area.
Dying bodies
Authors: Moolman Kira
Published: April 2022

Two enormous shifts in history shape Western culture as we know it today: the Protestant Reformation and what historical theologian Ephraim Radner names the ‘Great Transition,’ the health transition that brought modernity its unprecedented low mortality rates and lengthened lifespans. This article explores one geographical location and one specific time – Victorian London – to argue that the lingering effects of the Protestant Reformation and the growing impact of the Great Transition as this relates to the practices and rituals around the dead, particularly the dead child, were partly responsible for the reforms around the dead child in the home. Lydia Murdoch’s account of the rise of the mortuary movement, and her description of the discrimination against Irish Catholics by Protestant elites, forms the foundation for my argument. Rather than limiting the narrative to one of religious and class prejudice, I claim that religious motivation, and not only religious prejudice, worked with growing health reforms in order to bring about these historical shifts.
Marker-assisted selection of dairy cows for β-casein gene A2 variant
Authors: Sebastiani Carla , Arcangeli Chiara , Torricelli Martina , Ciullo Marcella , D’avino Nicoletta , Cinti Giulia , Fisichella Stefano , Biagetti Massimo
Published: April 2022

Many studies highlighted potential associations of β-casein A1 with specific human diseases and a minor digestibility of milk, due to the bioactive peptide β-casomorphin 7 (BCM-7) release during digestion. Conversely, the ancestral β-casein A2 variant seems to be a favorable trait because it is not associated with BMC-7 release. The aim of this work was to evaluate frequencies of β-casein variants in offspring of previously genotyped cows inseminated with A2 homozygous semen. The frequency of the A2/A2 animals has almost doubled from 37 to 69%. These are encouraging results with the perspective of reaching the goal of producing A2 milk.
Liming and biochar on sorghum growth and Arenosol chemical properties in the Semiarid environment
Authors: Bezerra Márcio Gleybson da Silva , Emerenciano Neto João Virgínio , Miranda Neyton de Oliveira , Silva Gualter Guenther Costa da , Santos Rodrigo da Silva , França Alan Ferreira de , Oliveira Ermelinda Maria Mota , Oliveira Luiz Eduardo Cordeiro de , Silva Jucier Magson de Souza e , Difante Gelson dos Santos , Gut Guilherme Alexandre Pacheco , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated the effect of liming (with and without) and biochar (with and without) on sorghum cv. BRS Ponta Negra growth and Arenosol chemical properties in the Semiarid environment. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with treatments in a 2x2 factorial scheme, corresponding to the application or not of lime (0 and 2.5 t ha-1) and biochar (0 and 12.5 t ha-1). Biochar was produced from cashew branches. The experiment was conducted in 16 m² plots where the forage sorghum cultivar BRS Ponta Negra was cultivated. The soil chemical characteristics, the production attributes, and the structural characteristics of the sorghum cultivar studied were evaluated. There was no interaction between factors. The use of biochar increased the pH and Ca and P contents in the soil and contributed to increasing the panicle mass (2.51 t ha-1 of DM). Lime application affected the soil Ca content as the dose of 2.5 t ha-1 resulted in higher values of culm diameter (15.25 mm), panicle mass, and culm mass (2.63 and 7.50 t ha-1 of DM, respectively). Therefore, these results allowed to outline strategies for the use of limestone and biochar for forage production in semiarid environments in sandy soils. Because, these materials improve some chemical attributes of the soil and the production of forage sorghum. It is noteworthy that edophoclimatic conditions can change the response patterns observed in this research. Therefore, research in other regions is essential.
THE IMPACT OF WELL-PLANNED TRAINING ON CHANGING SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE HABITS
Authors: Tapavički Borislav , Stantić Tomislav , Glišić Stefan , Cvjetković Đurđa , Janjić Nebojša , Kostić Julijana , Zubnar Andrea
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: A sedentary lifestyle is one of the biggest health problems of the 21st century. The role of the trainer in motivating the sedentary individual is crucial. Also, there is a growing accessibility to gyms today, especially outdoor gyms, as a novel way to motivate people to train. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of regular combined indoor and outdoor physical activity on anthropometric and functional parameters and the adoption of a more active lifestyle. Methods: The study included 45 participants between 18 and 56 years of age. They underwent 12 weeks of resistance training, focusing on chest presses and leg presses. Height, weight, bioelectrical impedance, chest and leg press one-repetition maximums, push-up and curl-up counts, and sit and reach were measured both before and after the 12-week training program. Results: After 12 weeks of training, male participants showed a significant increase in the percentage of skeletal muscle mass (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in the fat mass percentage (p<0.05). Female participants experienced a significant reduction in the fat mass percentage (p<0.05). Both groups were able to significantly increase their one-repetition maximums for the chest press (p<0.05) and leg press (p<0.05). Push-up and curl-up counts increased significantly after 12 weeks of training in both sexes, as did flexibility in both sexes. A year after the study, 80% of all participants were still training with a combination of indoor and outdoor physical activities. Conclusions: After 12 weeks of training, the body composition of both female and male participants had changed significantly. Twelve weeks of resistance training significantly increased strength and flexibility in both male and female participants. A well-thought-out training plan seems to be the key factor in motivating a beginner trainee to adopt a more active lifestyle. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.
MOOD STATES AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PARALYMPIC BOCCIA ATHLETES IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Arruda Sidcley Felix de , Oliveira José Igor Vasconcelos de , Dantas Matheus Jancy Bezerra , Costa Manoel da Cunha , Oliveira Lúcia Inês Guedes Leite de , Oliveira Saulo Fernandes Melo de
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Although studies have been conducted in the athlete population during the pandemic, its impacts on Paralympic athletes are still unknown. Objective: To evaluate the mood and quality of life of Paralympic boccia players during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Method: Questionnaires assessing mood, quality of life, and demographic data were sent electronically via social media. The study included 43 athletes from all functional classes (BC1 = 8, BC2 = 12, BC3 = 11, and BC4 = 11) and four regions of Brazil (Northeast = 12, Southeast = 12, Central-West = 3, and South = 17). ANOVA, t test, and similar non-parametric tests were used, with the respective effect sizes (ES). Results: Regarding mood states, BC4 athletes differed from BC1 athletes in the depression subscale score (25.5 vs. 14.5, p = 0.026, ES=1.47). The fatigue subscale score differed between BC4 and BC1 athletes (17.8 vs. 10.4, p = 0.023, ES=1.38) and between BC4 and BC2 athletes (17.8 vs 10.3, p = 0.008, ES=1.32). BC4 athletes had higher total mood disturbance (TMD) values than BC1 (175 vs. 141, p = 0.025, ES=1.35) and BC2 (175 vs.141, p = 0.025, ES=0.97) athletes. Lower stress (18.5 vs.21.8, p = 0.027, ES=0.64) and TMD (148.0 vs 162.0; p = 0.044; ES= 0.53) values were observed among the national level athletes. In terms of quality of life, differences were found between BC4 and BC2 athletes in the psychological health domain (3.73 vs. 4.49, p = 0.024, ES=0.89) and between athletes from the Northeast and South in the environment domain (3.39 vs. 4.18, p=0.030, ES=0.44). Conclusion: BC4 athletes are more susceptible to negative mood and quality-of-life perceptions. Additionally, athletes from the Northeast region may have poorer perceptions of quality of life related to the environment in which they live. Level of evidence III; Retrospective study.
CORE VS PLYOMETRIC TRAINING EFFECTS ON DYNAMIC BALANCE IN YOUNG MALE SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: Gasim Zaid Kazi , Cengizel Elif , Günay Mehmet
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Today, different types and volumes of strength training are used to increase the performance of athletes. However, the effect of this training on dynamic balance in young soccer players is a matter of curiosity. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of core and plyometric training on dynamic balance in young male soccer players. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male soccer players between 17 and 18 years of age participated in the study voluntarily. Subjects were randomly separated into three groups: core training group (C, n=6), plyometric training group (P, n=6), and control group (Con, n=6). Group C and P subjects participated in the determined training programs, in addition to soccer training, two days a week for eight weeks. The Con group only continued their soccer training. The Y-balance test (before and after eight weeks) was applied to determine the balance performance of the subjects. Results: After eight weeks of core training, significant differences in anterior (ANT) and posteromedial (PM) balance performance on the dominant side and in ANT, PM, and posterolateral (PL) balance performance on the non-dominant side were observed in group C subjects. The PL and PM balance performance of group P subjects after plyometric training was found to be significantly different on both sides. Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that applying core and plyometric training in addition to soccer training increases dynamic balance. We recommend that trainers and coaches use core and plyometric exercises in their training, as these programs will provide a positive performance increase in balance and gains in muscle strength. Level of Evidence III; Prospective comparative study.
INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION ON THE MENTAL HEALTH OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors: Du Xiufang , Liu Zhaoxia
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Under the influence of the special education system in China, after entering the free and open college environment from a tightly-controlled high school, many students suffer psychologically from a “weaning period”. During the students’ initial contacts with society, they can simultaneously experience confusion and psychological conflicts in interpersonal communication, perception, emotions, and free will. If these problems persist, they can cause psychological problems. Through field investigation, this paper found that physical exercise can not only improve the intelligence level of students, but also have a positive impact on their emotional and psychological states and their interpersonal skills. Evidence Level I; Systematic review.
DOES GREEN TEA ENHANCE THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING ON HEART RATE VARIABILITY?
Authors: Santos Wellington Lourenço Mendes dos , Eustáquio José Martins Juliano , Ferreira Isabella Cecilio Resende , Perez Júlia Oliveira , Policarpo Rafael Pacheco , Chriguer Rosângela Soares , Barbosa Neto Octávio
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Green tea is associated with a series of health benefits, as is physical training. However, in combination they present little known chronotropic and autonomic cardiac effects. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the association of chronic administration of green tea and physical training on basal heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in Wistar rats. Methods: Forty-three Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, var. albinus), paired by weight and age, were distributed among four experimental groups, titled sedentary control (CONsed, n = 10), trained control (CONtre, n = 08), sedentary tea (CHÁsed, n = 16) and trained tea (CHÁtre, n = 09). Ingestion of the tea was ad libitum. The physical training protocol lasted for eight weeks and consisted of sessions of swimming with incremental loads. At the end of the training, basal heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) in both time and frequency domains were determined. The level of significance adopted was 5% (p < 0.05). Results: Both physical training and consumption of green tea caused higher resting bradycardia than that of the CONsed group animals. Regarding HRV, the CONtre, CHÁsed, and CHÁtre groups presented significantly higher values than the CONsed group. Supplementation with green tea caused an increase in the variance, high frequency (HF) component, and sympathovagal balance as compared to the CONsed group. Physical training (PT) did not enhance any of the parameters evaluated. Conclusions: There was no significant optimization of the hemodynamic or autonomic cardiovascular parameters resulting from the association between the administration of green tea and physical training in Wistar rats. Level of Evidence IV; Case Series.
BRAZILIAN OLYMPIC FEMALE ATHLETES’ MULTIDISCIPLINARY CARE: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Moreno Tathiana Rebizzi Parmigiano , Araujo Maíta Poli de , Benayon Paula Cardoso , Faroni Rosângela Passarela , Barsottini Claudia Galindo Novoa , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Female participation in sports had reached a milestone in 1972 when a constitutional amendment was implemented to ensure equal opportunities for men and women. Since then, the percentage of participants in competitive sports has grown. In 1992, an association was made between three disorders related to female athletes called the “Female Athlete Triad”. After that, much has been studied about this and other particularities of female athletes. Objective: To identify the professionals who follow-up Brazilian female Olympic athletes and the association between a multidisciplinary approach and athletes’ knowledge about gynecological issues related to the practice of sport, i.e., female athlete triad, urinary incontinence, and weight control concerns. Methods: This observational study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2016, during the Olympic Games. It included 120 female members of the Brazilian teams. A self-applied questionnaire, validated and adapted from the pre-participation gynecological evaluation of female athletes, was used to evaluate their multidisciplinary follow-ups, weight control concerns, and knowledge about the Female Athlete Triad and urinary incontinence. Results: The athletes practiced 28 different sports. For 66%, it was their first participation in Olympic Games; 56% were unaware of the female athlete triad, 77% indicated weight concerns, and 52% were on a diet. The use of diuretics or laxatives or vomiting was reported by 11%; 67.5% were aware that sports are a risk factor for urinary incontinence, and 40% had already experienced urine loss. Decreased sportive performance was mentioned by 31%. Several athletes presented multidisciplinary follow-ups psychological (83%), nutritional (96%), and gynecological (83%). Conclusion: Brazilian Olympic athletes sought multidisciplinary follow-ups during the Olympic cycle; however, participants’ knowledge of sports-related issues remains limited. An orientation program regarding the above conditions is needed for female athletes and the professionals working with them to improve health and performance. Evidence Level IV; Cross-sectional observational study.
Entomological survey of phlebotominae sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) and vector species in the tegumentary leishmaniasis endemic area in eastern brazilian Amazon, Amapá state
Authors: Costa Tiago Silva da , Ferreira Ricardo Marcelo dos Anjos , Santos Gabriel Silva , Garcia Júnior Manoel Daltro , Pinto Camila Barbosa , Souto Raimundo Nonato Picanço
Published: April 2022

Abstract: American tegumentary leishmaniasis is an endemic that has increased considerably in recent decades in the Amazon region, sand flies are the vectors of the transmission of the protozoan that causes leishmaniasis, so the objective of this study was to carry out a survey of the diversity of species and the presence of Leishmania DNA in vectors circulating in three endemic counties for tegumentary leishmaniasis in the eastern Brazilian Amazon (Amapá state, Brazil). Using CDC light traps, a total of 10,773 specimens were collected between February 2019 and February 2020, representing 64 species in 15 genera. The vector specie Nyssomyia umbratilis Ward and Frahia, 1977 was the predominant species (13.20% of the total), being collected in all three counties, followed by Trichopygomyia trichopyga Floch & Abonnenc, 1945 (11.41%), Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis Mangabeira,1942 (9.47%) and Nyssomyia anduzei Rozeboom, 1942 (7.61%). For the identification of Leishmania DNA, 775 pools of unengorged females were used, of which 5 tested positive, 2 of Nyssomya umbratilis Ward & Fraiha,1977, 1 of Nyssomyia anduzei and 2 of Psychodopygus davisi Root,1934, demonstrating a natural total infection rate of 0.64%. This study increases the knowledge of vector diversity, as well as identifying Leishmania spp. in circulation in the eastern region of the Amazon.
Characterization and frequency of foot injuries and foot-related lameness in a sheep herd with prophylactic measures for foot-related diseases
Authors: Queiroz Aline T.Z. , Barreto José V.P. , Lazarin Mayara , Crisóstomo Maria L.L. , Cunha Filho Luiz F.C. , Pertille Simone F.N. , Quintiliano Murilo H. , Queiroz Gustavo R.
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT: Foot lesions in sheep herds are responsible for great economic losses, because pain during locomotion interferes with feeding and behavior, leading productivity losses. The objective of this work was to describe the main foot disease found in sheep herd that uses prophylactic measures against foot diseases. A total of 346 ewes of different ages, with or without lameness, were assessed for the presence of foot lesions in all limbs, digits and adjacent structures. Among all the 2768 digits evaluated, 103 (29.76%) had lesions, representing 1.04 lesion per animal. 41.75% (43/103) had only one lesion, 39.81% (41/103) had two lesions, 16 (15.53%) had three lesions, and only 2.91% (3/103) had four or more lesions. Hind limbs were the most affected and the most frequent diseases were white line disease (40.05%), interdigital dermatitis (33.70%) and footrot (12.15%). It was concluded that foot disease in sheep is frequent and constitute a health problem for herds, even on farms that use strategies to prevent it. Therefore, it is essential to classify the lesions, as well as the adoption of effective prophylactic and therapeutic measures.