bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
impacto de la integración grupal en la cohesión de grupo
Authors: Cortés Heredia Sandra Jenny , Gómez Terán Óscar Ángel , Castrejón Reyes Victorina , Meza de Luna María Elena
Published: June 2024

La falta de integración impide que se forje unidad y sentido de comunidad. Esto quebranta la cohesión grupal y el rendimiento general de los grupos. Se identificó si la integración grupal impacta la cohesión grupal de los estudiantes del Técnico Superior Universitario (TSU). Para esto se utilizó un diseño cuasiexperimental, con preprueba, posprueba y grupo de control. En el estudio participaron 37 estudiantes elegidos aleatoriamente. Se creó un grupo de intervención con 18 estudiantes y un grupo control con 19 estudiantes. La intervención consistió en realizar actividades lúdicas de integración grupal durante un cuatrimestre. Se observó un incremento significativo en la media de todos los factores evaluados. La media de la Atracción Individual al Grupo-Social (ATG-S) aumentó de 5.42 a 6.60; la Atracción Individual al Grupo-Tarea (ATG-T) aumentó de 6.69 a 7.46; la Integración del Grupo-Tarea (GI-T) aumentó de 6.12 a 6.46; y la Integración del Grupo-Social (GI-S) aumentó de 5.96 a 7.58. Estos resultados evidenciaron un avance sustancial en la cohesión grupal del grupo de intervención; a diferencia del grupo control, que no mostró mejoras significativas. Los hallazgos del estudio demostraron que la integración grupal es una herramienta efectiva para favorecer la cohesión grupal de los estudiantes del TSU.
Interpretation of fatty acids and adrenal function in Ald-X patients using PRISMA 2020 methodology
Authors: Altamirano Guerrero Olivia Elizabeth , Acurio Padilla Piedad Elizabeth , Enrríquez Grijalva Mauricio Fernando , Reascos Chalacán Melany Yamilex
Published: June 2024

X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy is a hereditary metabolic disorder that causes the accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids in various tissues, primarily affecting the nervous system and adrenal glands. The aim of the study was to interpret very long-chain fatty acids and adrenal function in patients with X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy using PRISMA 2020 methodology. A systematic literature review and an analysis of a specific clinical case were conducted. A total of 135 records were reviewed, of which 16 relevant articles were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results highlight the complex relationship between VLCFA levels and adrenal function, and the importance of an integrated approach to treatment. It is concluded that further research is essential to better understand this correlation and develop effective therapeutic strategies
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan dalam Penentuan Pemberian Pinjaman Uang Pada Anggota Swasti Sari dengan Metode Promethee
Authors: Amung Jefri Priyanto , Jelita Saltriyani , Joni Invallybillis , Kaesmetan Yampi R
Published: June 2024

Credit Cooperative (KOPDIT) Swasti Sari is a financial institution founded in 1988 in East Nusa Tenggara. Every year, these cooperative experiences a significant development, seen from the increase in assets and the number of members who continue to grow. Determination of credit policies by cooperatives requires the formulation of standard and credit requirements that include customer character, credit payment capacity, capital capability, and guaranteed customers. Provision of appropriate credit is very important and requires effective and efficient service. However, credit administration procedures in this cooperative are still not effective and often the granting of credit is not on target. This study aims to assist cooperative managers in making decisions on loan or credit to members using the Promethee method. This method is an auto ranking method that helps decision makers analyze multicriteria problems and determine the priority of receiving loan application. The results of the study are expected to be a reference in the development of a decision support system for the determination of loans in the Swasti Sari Cooperative.
Rancangan Aplikasi Presensi Karyawan CV. Pramana Mukti Jaya menggunakan Metode Extreme programming (XP) Berbasis Web dengan Integrasi Teknologi Leaflet.JS
Authors: Nosiyanto Bayu , Faizah NM , Nurcahyo Widyat
Published: June 2024

Employee attendance management is an integral part of company operations. This study aims to develop a web-based employee attendance application at CV Pramana Mukti Jaya, integrated with Leaflet.js technology. This application enables employees to report their attendance efficiently and accurately through a responsive web interface. The development method used is Extreme Programming (XP) to ensure rapid iterations and active stakeholder participation. During the analysis phase, both functional and non-functional requirements of the application were identified. The application allows CV Pramana Mukti Jaya employees to record attendance by inputting time and location information directly through a web form. With the integration of Leaflet.js technology, the application provides an interactive map that facilitates employees in selecting accurate attendance locations. The application testing was conducted to verify the accuracy and ease of use of the Leaflet.js map interactions. The result of this research is an effective web-based employee attendance application at CV Pramana Mukti Jaya. The integration of Leaflet.js technology provides a significant visual dimension in employee attendance reporting. This application is expected to help the company manage employee attendance more efficiently and accurately while introducing the benefits of implementing Leaflet.js technology in web-based applications.
Rancangan Aplikasi Sistem Pengelolaan dan Pelaporan Aset di SMPN 218 dengan Metode Sequential Linear Waterfall menggunakan PHP dan MySQL Berbasis Web
Authors: Suparman Yosep , Faizah NM , Karo-Karo Panser
Published: June 2024

Effective asset management is crucial for ensuring that assets are easily monitored and tracked. Currently, SMP Negeri 218 Jakarta manages assets manually by recording them in books before inputting them into spreadsheet software. This manual process results in suboptimal data management and asset reporting, leading to inefficiencies and increased risk of asset loss. The proposed solution is to design an asset management information system in the form of a web application to improve data handling and reporting efficiency. This study employs the PHP programming language within the Laravel framework and a MySQL database on the Xampp web server, utilizing the Sequential Linear (Waterfall) method. Functional testing of the system by web experts yielded a feature completeness score of 1, indicating its suitability and reliability for use in managing assets at SMP Negeri 218 Jakarta. The developed system aims to streamline asset management processes, enhance report accuracy, and provide timely access to asset data, ultimately supporting better decision-making and resource management within the school.
Aplikasi Sistem Presensi Karyawan Secara Online Pada PT Svarna Dipa Green Garden Jakarta Barat Berbasis Web dengan Metode Location Based Service menggunakan PHP
Authors: Sekali Jessy Imel Natasa Karo , Faizah NM , Koryanto Lucky
Published: June 2024

The advancement of information technology has provided various facilities that positively impact organizational activities. Rapidly evolving information technology is expected to facilitate users in obtaining information. This information is used by companies as a basis for future planning and decision-making. PT Svarna Dipa Green Garden, a major company in Indonesia located in Cengkareng, West Jakarta, was established in 2018 and operates as an electronic distribution agent. Despite being a large company, the employee attendance system at PT Svarna Dipa Green Garden remains manual, using WhatsApp for communication between employees and supervisors. This manual system causes issues such as unstructured attendance data recording and difficulties in creating summary reports of attendance, leave, and overtime data. This study aims to develop a web-based employee attendance application with Location Based Service (LBS) using PHP framework Laravel and MySQL. The application will be tested using the black-box method to identify and evaluate errors. The implementation of this application aims to simplify attendance activities, leave applications, and data management, as well as facilitate report creation at PT Svarna Dipa Green Garden, West Jakarta.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Pariwisata di Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Berbasis Web dengan Metode User Centered Design (UCD)
Authors: Rawulunubun Domitila , Faizah NM , Koryanto Lucky
Published: June 2024

This research is motivated by the necessity for an information system capable of providing comprehensive, fast, and accurate tourism information for Southeast Maluku Regency. The current dissemination of tourism information within the regency is limited, hindering potential visitors from outside the area from accessing valuable insights. The proposed information system aims to bridge this gap by offering a web-based platform that facilitates the management of tourism and cultural information by the local government’s tourism and culture department. Utilizing the user-centered design (UCD) methodology, the system is developed using programming languages such as PHP and is supported by a MySQL database for data storage. This tourism information system includes features that allow users to search for information related to cultural tourism and culinary experiences in the region. It is anticipated that the implementation of this system will significantly enhance the promotion of Southeast Maluku tourism sector to a wider audience.
Cotton Growth, Yield, and Fiber Quality Response to Irrigation and Water Deficit in Soil of Varying Depth to a Sand Layer
Authors: Wiggins Matthew , Leib Brian , Mueller Thomas , Main Christopher
Published: June 2024

Research was conducted in 2010 and 2011 at the West Tennessee Research and Education Center in Jackson, TN to investigate irrigation response in cotton. The objective of this study was to evaluate plant response to four different irrigation regimes by using main-stem node counts, quantification of canopy light interception, and canopy temperature, while making comparisons across two soils that vary in depth to a sandy layer. PHY 375 WRF cottonseed was planted in a no-tillage system in 9-m rows on 97-cm spacing with 10.5-12 seed m-1 of row. Irrigation was applied from drip tape lying in the row furrow at rates of 0, 1.27, 2.54, and 3.81 cm week-1. Comparisons were made across deep soils (no sand layer within the top 89 centimeters of soil) and shallow soils (sand layer within the top 61 centimeters of soil). Plant height, number of nodes, nodes above white flower (NAWF), canopy light interception, and canopy temperature were monitored during the blooming period of the crop each year to determine differences in irrigation response. Cotton plants grown in deep soils had higher vegetative biomass, total number of nodes, plant height, light interception, fiber quality, yield, and reduced canopy temperature compared to plants grown in the shallow soil. Similarly, irrigation increased cotton plant vegetative biomass, total number of nodes, plant height, light interception, fiber quality, yield, and reduced canopy temperature compared to dryland cotton. Results from this trial indicate that differences in physiological growth patterns, canopy density, canopy temperature, lint yield, and fiber quality are evident when compared across irrigation amounts and soil depths.
Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Feeding Injury on Cotton Bolls
Authors: Kamminga Katherine , Herbert Ames , Toews Michael , Malone Sean , Kuhar Thomas
Published: June 2024

The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is rapidly spreading from the mid-Atlantic region southward into cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) producing areas of the U.S. Stink bugs are one of the most economically damaging insect pests of cotton and feeding by stink bugs on cotton bolls can result in a reduction of lint yield and quality at harvest. Field cage studies were conducted in Virginia to determine if boll size influenced H. halys adult and nymphal feeding behavior. In 2011 and 2012, no-choice feeding experiments were conducted with three boll sizes (1.8, 2.8, and 3.2 cm diameter). The 2011 no-choice experiment also included the adult life stage of the native green stink bug, Chinavia hilaris (Say). In addition to the experiments with adults, two feeding choice experiments were conducted during 2012 with H. halys nymphs. The insects were placed into cages enclosing entire cotton plants with different boll sizes. Results of the no-choice experiment from 2011 indicated that feeding injury caused by C. hilaris was not significantly different among the different boll sizes offered, whereas injury by H. halys increased as boll size increased. Results from the choice experiment also revealed increasing feeding damage by H. halys as boll size increased. These data indicate that the addition of H. halys to the current stink bug complex in cotton might warrant a reevaluation of the current field scouting methods and management recommendations that show that large cotton bolls (> 3.2 cm diameter) are safe from stink bug feeding injury.
Battery Condenser System PM10 Emission Factors and Rates for Cotton Gins: Method 201A PM10 Sizing Cyclones
Authors: Buser Michael , Whitelock Derek , Boykin Clif , Holt Gregory
Published: June 2024

This report is part of a project to characterize cotton gin emissions from the standpoint of stack sampling. The impetus behind this project was the urgent need to collect additional cotton gin emissions data to address current regulatory issues. A key component of this study was focused on EPA emission factors for particulate matter with a particle diameter nominally less than or equal to 10 µm (PM10). The 1996 EPA AP-42 emission factors were assigned quality ratings, from A (Excellent) to E (Poor), to assess the quality of the data being referenced. Emission factor quality ratings for cotton gins were extremely low. Cotton gin data received these low ratings because they were collected almost exclusively from a single geographical region. The objective of this study was to collect additional PM10 emission factor data for battery condenser systems at cotton gins located in regions across the cotton belt based on EPA-approved stack sampling methodology, Method 201A. The project plan included sampling seven cotton gins across the cotton belt. Key factors for selecting specific cotton gins included: 1) facility location, 2) production capacity, 3) processing systems and 4) abatement technologies. Six of the seven gins were equipped with battery condensers with cyclones on the system exhausts. In terms of capacity, the six gins were typical of the industry, averaging 31.6 bales/h during testing. The battery condenser system average emission factors for PM10 and total particulate were 0.017 kg/227-kg bale (0.036 lb/500-lb bale) and 0.034 kg/bale (0.075 lb/bale), respectively. System average PM10 and total particulate emission factors were higher than those currently published in EPA AP-42. The battery condenser system PM10 emission rate test averages ranged from 0.17 to 1.16 kg/h (0.37-2.57 lb/h). The ratio of battery condenser system PM10 to total particulate was 48.3%.
Combined Lint Cleaning System PM10 Emission Factors and Rates for Cotton Gins: Method 201A PM10 Sizing Cyclones
Authors: Boykin Clif , Buser Michael , Whitelock Derek , Holt Gregory
Published: June 2024

This report is part of a project to characterize cotton gin emissions from the standpoint of stack sampling. The impetus behind this project was the urgent need to collect additional cotton gin emissions data to address current regulatory issues. A key component of this study was focused on EPA emission factors for particulate matter with a particle diameter nominally less than or equal to 10 µm (PM10). The 1996 EPA AP-42 emission factors were assigned quality ratings, from A (Excellent) to E (Poor), to assess the quality of the data being referenced. Emission factor quality ratings for cotton gins were extremely low. Cotton gin data received these low ratings because they were collected almost exclusively from a single geographical region. The objective of this study was to collect additional PM10 emission factor data for combined lint cleaning systems at cotton gins located in regions across the cotton belt based on EPA-approved stack sampling methodology, Method 201A. The project plan included sampling seven cotton gins across the cotton belt. Key factors for selecting specific cotton gins included: 1) facility location, 2) production capacity, 3) processing systems and 4) abatement technologies. Three of the seven gins had 1st and 2nd stage lint cleaning systems where the exhaust airstreams were combined. In terms of capacity, the three gins were typical of the industry, averaging 28.0 bales/h during testing. Some test runs, included in the analyses, had cotton lint fibers that collected in the ≤ 10 µm samples. This larger lint material can affect the reported emissions data, but EPA Method 201A does not suggest methods to account for these anomalies. The combined lint cleaning system average emission factors for PM10 and total particulate were 0.150 kg/227-kg bale (0.332 lb/500-lb bale) and 0.293 kg/bale (0.647 lb/bale), respectively. System average PM10 and total particulate emission factors were higher than those currently published in EPA AP-42. The combined lint cleaning system PM10 emission rate test averages ranged from 1.62 to 5.19 kg/h (3.56-11.45 lb/h). The ratio of combined lint cleaning system PM10 to total particulate was 51.3%.
The Influence of Asset Structure and Capital Structure on Return on Assets
Authors: Albart Nicko , Purnomo Hadi
Published: June 2024

In a competitive business environment, PT. AirAsia Indonesia Tbk. faces challenges in enhancing financial performance through efficient asset structure management and capital structure. This study examines the impact of asset structure and capital structure on operational efficiency and profit performance of PT. AirAsia Indonesia Tbk. within a highly competitive business setting. The primary objective of this study is to understand the dynamics between financial structure, debt management, and operational efficiency in relation to the company's financial performance. Utilizing financial data from the years 2015 to 2023, this research applies path analysis to evaluate the influence of asset structure and capital structure on efficiency ratios and their subsequent impact on the company's profit performance. This study concludes that although there is a significant relationship between asset structure and capital structure with operational efficiency ratios, this relationship does not significantly affect the company's profit performance. These findings provide important insights for the management of PT. AirAsia Indonesia Tbk. in optimizing asset structure and capital structure to improve operational efficiency without a significant impact on enhancing profit performance.
DAMPAK MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN GENERASI Z
Authors: Regina Tannia
Published: June 2024

This research aims to investigate the impact of social media on the purchasing decisions of Generation Z consumers. Generation Z is a group of consumers born between mid-1997 and early 2012, who have grown up with digital technology and social media as an important part of their lives. Quantitative research methods were used to collect data from Generation Z respondents through online surveys. The research results show that social media has a significant impact on the purchasing decisions of Generation Z consumers. They tend to frequently use social media to search for information about products and services, read reviews from other customers, and follow influencers they like. and use the platform to search for product information before making a purchase. In addition, content posted by brands or influencers on social media also influences Generation Z consumer perceptions and preferences for products. This research has an important impression for marketers and companies in designing effective marketing strategies to reach and influence Generation Z consumers. By understanding how social media influences their purchasing behavior, marketers can optimize their brand presence on these platforms and build stronger relationships with consumers Generation Z.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki dampak media sosial terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen Generasi Z. Generasi Z merupakan kelompok konsumen yang lahir antara pertengahan 1997 hingga awal 2012, yang telah tumbuh dengan teknologi digital dan media sosial sebagai bagian penting dari kehidupan mereka. Metode penelitian kuantitatif digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dari responden Generasi Z melalui survei online. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen Generasi Z. Mereka cenderung sering menggunakan media sosial untuk mencari informasi tentang produk dan jasa, membaca ulasan dari pelanggan lain, dan mengikuti influencer yang mereka sukai. serta menggunakan platform tersebut untuk mencari informasi produk sebelum melakukan pembelian. Selain itu, konten yang diposting oleh merek atau influencer di media sosial juga memengaruhi persepsi dan preferensi konsumen Generasi Z terhadap produk. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi penting bagi pemasar dan perusahaan dalam merancang strategi pemasaran yang efektif untuk menjangkau dan mempengaruhi konsumen Generasi Z. Dengan memahami bagaimana media sosial mempengaruhi perilaku pembelian mereka, pemasar dapat mengoptimalkan kehadiran merek mereka di platform tersebut dan membangun hubungan yang lebih kuat dengan konsumen Generasi Z.
Anonify: Decentralized Dual-level Anonymity for Medical Data Donation
Authors: Gaballah Sarah Abdelwahab , Abdullah Lamya , Alishahi Mina , Nguyen Thanh Hoang Long , Zimmer Ephraim , Mühlhäuser Max , Marky Karola
Published: June 2024

Medical data donation involves voluntarily sharing medical data with research institutions, which is crucial for advancing healthcare research. However, the sensitive nature of medical data poses privacy and security challenges. The primary concern is the risk of de-anonymization, where users can be linked to their donated data through background knowledge or communication metadata. In this paper, we introduce Anonify, a decentralized anonymity protocol offering strong user protection during data donation without reliance on a single entity. It achieves dual-level anonymity protection, covering both communication and data aspects by leveraging Distributed Point Functions, and incorporating k-anonymity and stratified sampling within a secret-sharing-based setting. Anonify ensures that the donated data is in a form that affords flexibility for researchers in their analyses. Our evaluation demonstrates the efficiency of Anonify in preserving privacy and optimizing data utility. Furthermore, the performance of machine learning algorithms on the anonymized datasets generated by the protocol shows high accuracy and precision.
Attacking Connection Tracking Frameworks as used by Virtual Private Networks
Authors: Mixon-Baca Benjamin , Knockel Jeffrey , Xue Diwen , Ayyagari Tarun , Kapur Deepak , Ensafi Roya , Crandall Jedidiah R.
Published: June 2024

VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) have become an essential privacy-enhancing technology, particularly for at-risk users like dissidents, journalists, NGOs, and others vulnerable to targeted threats. While previous research investigating VPN security has focused on cryptographic strength or traffic leakages, there remains a gap in understanding how lower-level primitives fundamental to VPN operations, like connection tracking, might undermine the security and privacy that VPNs are intended to provide.
In this paper, we examine the connection tracking frameworks used in common operating systems, identifying a novel exploit primitive that we refer to as the port shadow. We use the port shadow to build four attacks against VPNs that allow an attacker to intercept and redirect encrypted traffic, de-anonymize a VPN peer, or even portscan a VPN peer behind the VPN server. We build a formal model of modern connection tracking frameworks and identify that the root cause of the port shadow lies in five shared, limited resources. Through bounded model checking, we propose and verify six mitigations in terms of enforcing process isolation. We hope our work leads to more attention on the security aspects of lower-level systems and the implications of integrating them into security-critical applications.
Anonymous Complaint Aggregation for Secure Messaging
Authors: Bell Connor , Eskandarian Saba
Published: June 2024

Private messaging platforms provide strong protection against platform eavesdropping, but malicious users can use privacy as cover for spreading abuse and misinformation. In an attempt to identify the sources of misinformation on private platforms, researchers have proposed mechanisms to trace back the source of a user-reported message (CCS '19,'21). Unfortunately, the threat model considered by initial proposals allowed a single user to compromise the privacy of another user whose legitimate content the reporting user did not like. More recent work has attempted to mitigate this side effect by requiring a threshold number of users to report a message before its origins can be identified (NDSS '22). However, the state of the art scheme requires the introduction of new probabilistic data structures and only achieves a "fuzzy" threshold guarantee. Moreover, false positives, where the source of an unreported message is identified, are possible.

This paper introduces a new threshold source tracking technique that allows a private messaging platform, with the cooperation of a third-party moderator, to operate a threshold reporting scheme with exact thresholds and no false positives. Unlike prior work, our techniques require no modification of the message delivery process for a standard source tracking scheme, affecting only the abuse reporting procedure, and do not require tuning of probabilistic data structures.
Edge Private Graph Neural Networks with Singular Value Perturbation
Authors: Tang Tingting , Niu Yue , Avestimehr Salman , Annavaram Murali
Published: June 2024

Graph neural networks (GNNs) play a key role in learning representations from graph-structured data and are demonstrated to be useful in many applications. However, the GNN training pipeline has been shown to be vulnerable to node feature leakage and edge extraction attacks. This paper investigates a scenario where an attacker aims to recover private edge information from a trained GNN model. Previous studies have employed differential privacy (DP) to add noise directly to the adjacency matrix or a compact graph representation. The added perturbations cause the graph structure to be substantially morphed, reducing the model utility. We propose a new privacy-preserving GNN training algorithm, Eclipse, that maintains good model utility while providing strong privacy protection on edges. Eclipse is based on two key observations. First, adjacency matrices in graph structures exhibit low-rank behavior. Thus, Eclipse trains GNNs with a low-rank format of the graph via singular values decomposition (SVD), rather than the original graph. Using the low-rank format, Eclipse preserves the primary graph topology and removes the remaining residual edges. Eclipse adds noise to the low-rank singular values instead of the entire graph, thereby preserving the graph privacy while still maintaining enough of the graph structure to maintain model utility. We theoretically show Eclipse provide formal DP guarantee on edges. Experiments on benchmark graph datasets show that Eclipse achieves significantly better privacy-utility tradeoff compared to existing privacy-preserving GNN training methods. In particular, under strong privacy constraints (𝜖 < 4), Eclipse shows significant gains in the model utility by up to 46%. We further demonstrate that Eclipse also has better resilience against common edge attacks (e.g., LPA), lowering the attack AUC by up to 5% compared to other state-of-the-art baselines.
Snail: Secure Single Iteration Localization
Authors: Choncholas James , Kachana Pujith , Mateus André , Phillips Gregoire , Gavrilovska Ada
Published: June 2024

Localization is a computer vision task by which the position and orientation of a camera is determined from an image and environmental map. We propose a method for performing localization in a privacy preserving manner supporting two scenarios: first, when the image and map are held by a client who wishes to offload localization to untrusted third parties, and second, when the image and map are held separately by untrusting parties. Privacy preserving localization is necessary when the image and map are confidential, and offloading conserves on-device power and frees resources for other tasks. To accomplish this we integrate existing localization methods and secure multi-party computation (MPC), specifically garbled circuits, yielding proof-based security guarantees in contrast to existing obfuscation-based approaches which recent related work has shown vulnerable. We present two approaches to localization, a baseline data-oblivious adaptation of localization suitable for garbled circuits and our novel Single Iteration Localization. Our technique improves overall performance while maintaining confidentiality of the input image, map, and output pose at the expense of increased communication rounds but reduced computation and communication required per round. Single Iteration Localization is over two orders of magnitude faster than a straightforward application of garbled circuits to localization enabling real-world usage in Turbo the Snail, the first robot to offload localization without revealing input images, environmental map, position, or orientation to offload servers.
Physical Side-Channel Attacks against Intermittent Devices
Authors: Ozmen Muslum Ozgur , Farrukh Habiba , Celik Z. Berkay
Published: June 2024

Intermittent (batteryless) devices operate solely using energy harvested from their environment. These devices turn on when they have energy and turn off during energy scarcity. Intermittent devices have recently become increasingly popular in smart buildings, manufacturing plants, and medical implantables as they eliminate the need for battery replacement and enable green computing. Despite their growing adoption in critical applications, the privacy implications of intermittent devices remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we introduce a novel remote side-channel attack. Our observation is that the network packet frequency of an intermittent device can be exploited to learn its turn-on/off patterns. From these patterns, we can infer the energy availability of a device, which reveals privacy-sensitive information about its operating environment, e.g., the presence or absence of individuals. To realize our attack, we develop a three-stage hierarchical inference framework that leverages the timestamped network packet sequence of intermittent devices. Our framework automatically extracts a set of temporal features from inter-packet-arrival timings. It then employs a series of models to uncover (1) whether a target intermittent device is present in the environment, (2) its energy harvester type (e.g., vibration or water flow), and (3) its energy availability conditions (e.g., high-vibration or no-vibration). To validate our attack effectiveness, we conduct experiments in two environments: a smart home and a miniature manufacturing plant equipped with three intermittent devices powered by solar energy, vibration, and temperature. By analyzing their energy availability patterns, we are able to infer user activities and presence in the smart home and the robot’s movement patterns in the manufacturing plant with an average accuracy of 85%. This sensitive information enables an adversary to launch domain-specific attacks, such as burglarizing a smart home when the user is asleep or timely tampering with plant sensors to cause maximum damage.
Generational Differences in Understandings of Privacy Terminology
Authors: Moremen Charlotte , Hoogsteden Jordan , Birrell Eleanor
Published: June 2024

Prior work has consistently found that people have miscomprehensions and misunderstandings about technical terms. However, that work has exclusively studied general populations, usually recruited online. This work investigates the relationship between generational cohorts and their understandings of privacy terms, specifically cohorts of elementary school children (aged 10-11), young adults (aged 18-23), and retired adults (aged 73-92), all recruited offline. We surveyed participants about their understanding of and confidence with technical terms that commonly appear in privacy policies. We then moderated a post-survey focus group with each generational cohort in which participants discussed their reactions to the actual definitions along with their experience with technical privacy terms. We found that young adults had better understandings of technical terms than the other generations, despite all generations reporting being regular Internet users. Participants across all generational cohorts discussed themes of confusion and frustration with technical terms, and older adults particularly reported a sense of being left behind. Our results reinforce the need for improvement in the presentation of information about data use practices. Our results also demonstrate the need for more focused research and attention on the youngest and oldest members of society and their use of the Internet and technology.
Secure Range-Searching Using Copy-And-Recurse
Authors: Kushnir Eyal , Moshkowich Guy , Shaul Hayim
Published: June 2024

Range searching is the problem of preprocessing a set of points P, such that given a query range gamma we can efficiently compute some function f(P cap gamma). For example, in a 1 dimensional range counting query, P is a set of numbers, gamma is a segment and we need to count how many numbers of P are in gamma. In higher dimensions, P is a set of d dimensional points and the query range is some volume in R^d. In general, we want to compute more than just counting, for example, the average of P cap gamma. Range searching has applications in databases where some SELECT queries can be translated to range queries. It had received a lot of attention in computational geometry where a data structure called partition tree was shown to solve range queries in time sub-linear in |P| using space only linear in |P|. In this paper we consider partition trees under FHE where we answer range queries without learning the value of the points or the parameters of the range. We show how partition trees can be securely traversed with O(t n^{1-1/d+epsilon} + n^{1+epsilon}) operations, where n=|P|, t is the number of operations needed to compare to gamma and epsilon>0 is a parameter. When the ranges are axis-parallel hyper-boxes the running time is O(t n^epsilon + n log^{d-1} n). As far as we know, this is the first non-trivial bound on range searching under FHE and it improves over the naive solution that needs O(t n) operations. Our algorithms are independent of the encryption scheme but as an example we implemented them using the CKKS FHE scheme. Our experiments show that for databases of sizes 2^{23} and 2^{25}, our algorithms run x2.8 and x4.7 (respectively) faster than the naive algorithm. The improvement of our algorithm comes from a method we call copy-and-recurse. With it we efficiently traverse a r-ary tree (where each inner node has r children) that also has the property that at most xi of them need to be recursed into when traversing the tree. We believe this method is interesting in its own and can be used to improve traversals in other tree-like structures.
Assessments of Water Quality and Plankton Diversity in the Baur Reservoir, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Joshi Promod , Joshi Reeta
Published: June 2024

The current investigation was conducted between January and December of 2022. During the study period water quality was studied in Baur reservoirs two spot, one spot is a barrage area, and the second one is four kilometers away from the first one. The present study is done in Baur Reservoir, which is switched to Gularbhoj in Udham Singh district. Reservoir water is used for irrigation and domestic purposes. Many villages are located near the reservoir, so due to human interaction, water quality may be affected. For this reason, the present study finds parameters of water so we can identify the present water quality status, as we know many similar work done all over India but in this study we find present condition which may be change from past condition and as we know climatic condition are change now days so we can find rainfall in every month and other parameters of reservoir. Various quality parameters are measured, including PH, water temperature, DO, CO2, total alkalinity, total solid, turbidity, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids. All the parameters are within the permissible limit and suitable for domestic use, pisciculture, and agriculture. Water quality parameters have been observed to vary and, with the exception of temperature, all show a positive correlation with the production of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the chosen reservoirs. These parameters include temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, carbon dioxide, and total dissolved solids. The temperature varies from 240c+ 60c, the pH varies from 7.0 + 2, the dissolved oxygen range varies from 7+ 3, range of carbon dioxide varies from 6+ 5, the humidity range is 50+25, and rainfall throughout varying the all study period. All the physico-chemical parameters are the relation to plankton diversity.  In this study, we also find plankton diversity status in Baur reservoir.  Plankton diversity can also help to find out the water quality; healthy plankton growth may relate to water quality as well as fish diversity. In the following study, we find the groups Copepoda, Clyadocera, and Rotifera, each containing 6, 6 and 2 respectively. The groups Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophycae each contain 29 and 23, respectively, phytoplankton taxa. The study looked at the association between group variation in physico-chemical parameters for the Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae, and Euglenophyceae. With the help of this study, we can find the pollutant status and water quality level in the Baur reservoir. All the water quality parameters are under safety level and are good for irrigation purposes and for domestic use. They can filtrate, and may relevant department may take action for tourist activity that causes pollution in reservoir water.
Effects of Ammonium Chloride on Some Vital Organs of Snakehead Fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch.)
Authors: Anjum Sameen , Kumari Arti
Published: June 2024

The present study includes the chronic exposure of sublethal concentrations (20 mg/L) of inorganic fertilizer, ammonium chloride for 30 days to snakehead fish, Channa punctatus caused histopathological alteration in some vital organs. There were very significant histopathological changes were observed in gill, liver, intestine and kidney of treated fish group. The ammonium chloride treated fish group showed lamellar fusion, deterioration of secondary lamellae, hemorrhage and destruction of gill arches in gill. The remarkable changes like hyperemia, vacuolar degeneration, necrosis and mononuclear cells filtration in portal regions were observed in liver of treated fish group. The very distinguish alterations like hydropic degeneration, necrosis, desquamation in epithelium cells at the apex of the villi and mononuclear cell infiltration in the lamina propria were observed in kidney and proximal and distal tubules cellular shrinkage, nuclear pycnosis, and vacuolar degenerative changes in the tubular epithelium were observed in treated fish group. The finding of present investigation clearly analyzed that ammonium chloride caused dysfunction of some vital organs of C. punctatus. The study suggested that contamination of fertilizer, ammonium chloride in fish culture pond water should be avoided to fish production.
Early versus delayed necrosectomy in pancreatic necrosis: A population-based cohort study on readmission, healthcare utilization, and in-hospital mortality
Authors: Ali Hassam , Inayat Faisal , Jahagirdar Vinay , Jaber Fouad , Afzal Arslan , Patel Pratik , Tahir Hamza , Anwar Muhammad Sajeel , Rehman Attiq Ur , Sarfraz Muhammad , Chaudhry Ahtshamullah , Nawaz Gul , Dahiya Dushyant Singh , Sohail Amir H , Aziz Muhammad
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

Acute necrotizing pancreatitis is a severe and life-threatening condition. It poses a considerable challenge for clinicians due to its complex nature and the high risk of complications. Several minimally invasive and open necrosectomy procedures have been developed. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, the optimal timing to perform necrosectomy lacks consensus.

AIM

To evaluate the impact of necrosectomy timing on patients with pancreatic necrosis in the United States.

METHODS

A national retrospective cohort study was conducted using the 2016-2019 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Patients with non-elective admissions for pancreatic necrosis were identified. The participants were divided into two groups based on the necrosectomy timing: The early group received intervention within 48 hours, whereas the delayed group underwent the procedure after 48 hours. The various intervention techniques included endoscopic, percutaneous, or surgical necrosectomy. The major outcomes of interest were 30-day readmission rates, healthcare utilization, and inpatient mortality.

RESULTS

A total of 1309 patients with pancreatic necrosis were included. After propensity score matching, 349 cases treated with early necrosectomy were matched to 375 controls who received delayed intervention. The early cohort had a 30-day readmission rate of 8.6% compared to 4.8% in the delayed cohort (P = 0.040). Early necrosectomy had lower rates of mechanical ventilation (2.9% vs 10.9%, P < 0.001), septic shock (8% vs 19.5%, P < 0.001), and in-hospital mortality (1.1% vs 4.3%, P = 0.01). Patients in the early intervention group incurred lower healthcare costs, with median total charges of $52202 compared to $147418 in the delayed group. Participants in the early cohort also had a relatively shorter median length of stay (6 vs 16 days, P < 0.001). The timing of necrosectomy did not significantly influence the risk of 30-day readmission, with a hazard ratio of 0.56 (95% confidence interval: 0.31-1.02, P = 0.06).

CONCLUSION

Our findings show that early necrosectomy is associated with better clinical outcomes and lower healthcare costs. Delayed intervention does not significantly alter the risk of 30-day readmission.
Reckoning with COVID-19 denial: Brazil's exemplary model for global response
Authors: Silva Heslley Machado
Published: June 2024

In the aftermath of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Brazil, accountability is crucial for those who denied the severity of the virus, spreading false information and causing harm. Some individuals have already faced legal proceedings against them, revealing economic motivations behind their actions. It is equally important to hold doctors accountable for prescribing ineffective treatments, putting the population at risk. The leaders of the denial movement and the federal government, who mishandled the pandemic, should be held accountable for the high death toll. Seeking justice from the legislative and executive branches is necessary, along with exemplary measures for those who spread misinformation about COVID-19.
Importancia de la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera
Authors:   Universidad La Salle Oaxaca, Hernández Morales José Ernesto
Published: June 2024

El presente ensayo habla sobre la importancia de la enseñanza de idiomas, enfocándose en el español, la segunda lengua nativa más hablada en el mundo y posiblemente la Lingua Franca del futuro. También aborda brevemente las diferencias existentes entre algunas estrategias de enseñanza y la importancia del uso del translanguajeo en el aprendizaje del español como lengua extranjera (ELE). Finaliza reflexionando sobre la importancia del autoaprendizaje y el uso de herramientas por el estudiante para convertirse en una persona bilingüe, a quien sea posible entender las diferentes culturas de los países hispanohablantes del mundo.
Implementación y desafíos del enfoque de proyectos de kilpatrick en la Nueva Escuela Mexicana: Un análisis documental
Authors: Valdivia Jáuregui Jessiel , Reveles Márquez José de Jesús , Arias Maldonado Diana
Published: June 2024

Este estudio investiga la implementación del enfoque de proyectos de Kilpatrick dentro de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana (NEM), analizando documentos educativos para evaluar su aplicación y los desafíos asociados. La metodología cualitativa de laboratorio se centró en el análisis de planes de estudio, evaluaciones de programas y registros académicos para identificar la efectividad y las barreras en la adopción de este enfoque. Los resultados revelan una adopción progresiva y los beneficios percibidos en el desarrollo de competencias críticas y creativas entre los estudiantes, aunque enfrenta desafíos significativos como la resistencia al cambio y la falta de recursos. Las conclusiones destacan la necesidad de apoyo institucional y formación docente para una implementación efectiva. Este estudio proporciona una base para futuras políticas educativas y prácticas pedagógicas que fomenten un aprendizaje interactivo y relevante en la educación mexicana.
Exploration of Experiences of Parents Raising Children on The Autism Spectrum
Authors: White Alicia , Talpade Medha
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of parents raising children on the autism spectrum. Past researh on the experiences of parents raising a child diagnosed with ASD indicate that the welfare of caregivers is adversely affected by the problems that they may experience daily (Brien-Bérard & des Rivières-Pigeon, 2023). This study is unique because it doesnt only focus on the mental health conditions but explores the lived experiences in all aspects completely. The research question of the present study is “What is the lived experience of a parent raising an autistic child?” The total number of participants used in the study were 2 key informants. The data collection method included semi-structured interviews over the phone. The open-coding displayed 3 themes: 1) Knowledge of autism, 2) Associated Emotions, and 3) Resources. Results indicated that parents raising autistic children do not experience any noticeable differences with their children in public or at home. It also indicates that parents raising autistic children need and desire an increase of sufficient resources to assist in their child's needs. This study can be improved by expanding the participant population and including the experienced thoughts and emotions of fathers raising children with autism spectrum disorder in comparison to mothers' experienced thoughts and emotions.