bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of degraded flaxseed meals on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health status of broilers
Authors: Ji Xiaoyu , Liu Xiangyu , Wang Jianping , Liu Ning
Published: February 2024

Objective: The present study evaluated the effect of flaxseed meal degraded by a protease, Lactobacillus plantarum, or both on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health status of broilers.Methods: There were four diets containing flaxseed meals in its non-degraded form (control, CON), degraded with 3,000 U/kg of protease (enzymatic, ELM), 1.0×109 CFU/kg of Lactobacillus plantarum (fermented, FLM), or both (dual-degraded, DLM). Each form of flaxseed meals was added at 15% of diet. A total of 480 yellow-feathered broilers at 22 d of age were distributed into 4 groups with 6 replicates of 20 chickens each. The feeding trial lasted for 42 d. Growth performance, apparent fecal digestibility (dry matter, energy, crude protein, and ash), and serum immunoglobins and antioxidases were determined at 42 and 63 d of age.Results: Results showed that ELM, FLM, and DLM increased (p<0.001) the contents of peptides and decreased (p<0.001) cyanogenic glycosides, compared to CON. The diets with degraded flaxseed meals increased (p<0.05) feed intake and body weight gain throughout the feeding trial, and the digestibility of energy, crude protein, and ash at the end of feeding trial. Furthermore, all degraded groups enhanced (p<0.05) broiler health status by increasing serum immunoglobulins A and G. Additinally, DLM showed more pronounced effects (p<0.05) on these parameters than ELM or FLM.Conclusion: Flaxseed meals degraded by enzymolysis, fermentation, or both had improved nutrition and application in broilers.
Fostering Latinx/e Students’ Familial Capital in the Spanish Heritage Language Program at the University of Washington
Authors: Amezcua Angélica
Published: February 2024

In this En Acción paper, I show how we (director, coordinator, and instructors) have fostered Latinx/e students’ familial capital in the Spanish Heritage Language Program at the University of Washington. Familial capital recognizes the nurtured relationship students have with their immediate and extended family members and communities. This capital also includes the lessons students learned on caring, coping, emotional, moral, and educational consciousness from their family members. Additionally, this capital pulls from the research of Vélez-Ibáñez and Greenber (1992) on Funds of Knowledge that points out that Mexican Americans learn valuable lessons from their family and community that have been passed down across generations. In the SHL classroom context, familial capital focuses on creating relationships of care among students and educators. This includes building a sense of community in and outside the classroom and developing a mentorship relationship between the students and educator. This is possible by explicitly implementing Latinx/e community cultural wealth in the SHL curricula
Theater über Theater
Authors: Rossbach Nikola
Published: February 2024

Um die Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert kommt es zu einem regelrechten Parodienboom, insbesondere im Bereich Drama und Theater. Die theatrale Parodie, deren Medien Kabaretts und Kleinkunstbühnen, Zeitschriften, Anthologien, Buch- und Heftreihen sind, verabschiedet das Alte und weist den Weg zum Neuen, Modernen, das seinerseits parodistische Reaktionen auslöst. Sie besitzt einen Funktionsort im Entstehungsprozess des modernen Dramas und Theaters: einen Ort, an dem Theater über Theater stattfindet, Theater verhandelt, verabschiedet, vernichtet wird, an dem die Entwicklung des Theaters vorangetrieben wird.

Parodie und Moderne koinzidieren. Ist die Parodie modern oder gar die Moderne parodistisch? Ist die Parodie Phänomen der Moderne, Katalysator der Moderne, das andere Gesicht der Moderne? Jenseits formelhafter Zuspitzungen lotet die vorliegende Studie den kultur-, literatur- und theatergeschichtlichen Funktionszusammenhang von Parodie und Moderne aus, der immer neu und anders modelliert erscheint.

In Auseinandersetzung mit Positionen der Moderneforschung, Parodietheorie und Theatersemiotik wird zunächst ein differenziertes Parodiemodell erarbeitet. Ein historischer Rückblick auf die Theater- und Parodiekultur des 19. Jahrhunderts erhellt die Voraussetzungen des parodistischen Aufschwungs der Jahrhundertwende. Der Hauptteil der Studie ist den theatralen Parodien selbst gewidmet, die im Zeitraum von 1870 bis 1914 gefunden oder belegt werden konnten. Repräsentative Einzelanalysen geben Einblick in Parodien des alten sowie des neuen – naturalistischen und symbolistischen – Theaters. Durch statistische Daten und kontrastierende Vergleiche kommt zudem eine breite Materialbasis in den Blick: Das Korpus umfasst 600 Parodien, dokumentiert in einem ausführlichen Anhang.
Pengaruh Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Trust, Mobility, Customization, Customer Involvement terhadap Behavioral Intention pada E-Commerce di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Koswara Tri Merdiana , Vandayuli Riorini Sri , Yola Pangestu Fahmi
Published: February 2024

Perkembangan teknologi telekomunikasi dan komputerisasi menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan kultur dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. dalam era yang sudah sangat maju ini media elektronik menjadi salah satu media andalan untuk melakukan komunikasi dan bisnis. Metode Pengumpulan data di dalam penelitian ini menggunakan data primer. Data primer ialah data yang dikumpulkan dari pengisisan kuesioner yang dilakukan konsumen dalam sampel sekaligus. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa Trust dan Mobility tidak berpengaruh pada Behavioral Intention, berdasarkan nilai estimasi sebesar 0,403 dan sig < 0,01; sebagai kesimpulan, kami dapat mendukung H5. Meskipun pembayaran melalui telepon belum menjadi hal yang umum bagi banyak dari kita, kepercayaan pelanggan terhadap pembayaran seluler layanan penting untuk maksud dan frekuensi pembelian di masa mendatang. Bukti empiris yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa place branding wilayah tertentu, bila berdasarkan produk agri-pangan kualitas dibedakan terkait dengan wilayah, dapat berfungsi sebagai pengungkit untuk mempromosikan pariwisata berkelanjutan, dengan pengaruh positif pada banyak hal yang terkait dengan pariwisata sektor kegiatan, dengan efek pengali silang, misalnya di hotel dan restoran. Belanja online (M-commerce dan E-commerce) dapat meningkatkan generasi baru kepuasan pelanggan tetapi ini juga membutuhkan infrastruktur logistik baru, pengiriman barang pusat, dan meningkatkan komunikasi terpercaya. Pedagang harus memenuhi pesanan secara efisien dan menguntungkan
Implementing Posters as Media to Teach Literacy in Blended Learning for Young Learners
Authors: Bayu Prayogi I Gede , Padmadewi Ni Nyoman , Juniarta Putu Adi Krisna
Published: February 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of applying poster learning media which is integrated with the Blended learning method on increasing the literacy skills of young learners. This study used document analysis and statistical analysis of student scores in the experimental group using integrated learning with posters and the control group using conventional learning to compare literacy abilities between the two groups. all parties participated in this research activity, both teachers, students, and also researchers. In this study, there were two classes used, namely class V.B with a total of 30 students as the experimental group and class V.C with a total of 30 students as the control group. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences in student scores in the Experiment group and the Control group. After carrying out the data analysis, the results of the t-test were 0.023, which is smaller than the standard alpha level (? = 0.05). it can be said that the application of posters integrated with the blended learning method has a significant effect
Akibat Hukum Dari Perceraian Terhadap Anak Menurut Hukum Yang Berlaku
Authors: Matahati Sandi , Markoni Markoni
Published: February 2024

Pembentukan keluarga yang bahagia itu erat hubungannya dengan keturunan, di mana pemeliharaan dan pendidikan anak-anak menjadi hak dan kewajiban orang tua. Dengan demikian yang menjadi tujuan perkawinan menurut perundangan adalah untuk kebahagiaan suami isteri, namun terkadang perkawinan tersebut berakhir dengan perceraian sehingga anak menjadi korban, penulis berpendapat bahwa anak sebagai korban perceraian berhak dan wajib diberikan perlindungan terlebih penulis melihat dalam Kasus Nawa yang mengalami gangguan mental akibat perceraian orangtuanya yang disertai kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, maka sebab itu dalam penelitian ini didapati rumusan masalah Bagaimanakah kewajiban orang tua atas hak-hak anak setelah terjadinya perceraian? Bagaimanakah Akibat Hukum Dari Perceraian Terhadap Anak Menurut Hukum Yang Berlaku? penelitian ini memakai metode penelitian normative yaitu penelitian dengan bahan hukum primer buku-buku dan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan pembahasan pertama dalam Undang-Undang No. 1 tahun 1974 tentang perkawinan, menyebutkan mengenai hak dan kewajiban antara orang tua dan anak, terdapat dalam pasal 45 ayat 1 yaitu: “Kedua orang tua wajib memelihara dan mendidik anakanak mereka sebaik-baiknya”. Sedangkan dalam ayat 2 disebutkan: “Kewajiban orang tua yang dimaksud dalam ayat 1 berlaku sampai anak itu kawin atau dapat berdiri sendiri. Berdasarkan pasal tersebut bearti bahwa walaupun kedua orang tua anak telah berpisah atau bercerai, tetapi kewajiban bagi orang tua untuk memberikan hak dan kewajibannya kepada anaknya tidaklah putus, kedua Akibat hukum atas putusnya perkawinan biasanya berdampak pada dua hal, yakni siapa yang berhak terhadap hak asuh terhadap anak-anaknya dan yang kedua terhadap harta Bersama, dan saran bahwa pemerintah seharusnya memberikan perlindungan lebih kepada anak korban perceraian dan orang tua memberikan pertimbangan kepada anak Ketika terjadi perceraian
Clausiliidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from continental Southeast Asia in the collection of the Florida Museum of Natural History
Authors: Szekeres Miklós , Grego Jozef , Slapcinsky John
Published: February 2024

Southeast Asian Clausiliidae in the collection of the Florida Museum of Natural History, and particularly those that were obtained during recent biodiversity surveys in Myanmar and Thailand, provide important new data on the mostly endemic species of the family in that region. This paper assesses the museum’s clausiliid material from continental Southeast Asia, gives well defined locality records, highlights and discusses novel distribution data, and introduces Oospira mongmitensis Grego and Szekeres n. sp., O. naga Grego and Szekeres n. sp., O. sardicola Grego and Szekeres n. sp., and Phaedusa bocki thompsoni Grego and Szekeres n. ssp. as new taxa.
Phương pháp số ước lượng hàm truyền biểu diễn độ dịch chuyển của thiết bị ngầm được lai dắt bằng cáp dưới tác động của sóng biển
Authors: Vu Duc Tuan Tuấn  , Nguyen Phu Dang
Published: February 2024

Thiết bị ngầm được lai dắt bằng cáp (Towed Underwater Vehicle- TUV) là một trong những đối tượng điều khiển có tham số phân bố điển hình. Hàm truyền (Transfer Function- TF) mô tả các quá trình động học của đối tượng này có chứa các hàm bậc cao cà cả các thành phần quán tính và siêu việt. Điều này gây khó khăn khi tổng hợp hệ thống điều khiển. Cách tổng hợp cơ bản với các đối tượng như vậy thường gồm hai bước: Thứ nhất, một mô hình với các tham số tập trung được thiết lập thay cho đối tượng ban đầu có tham số phân bố ; Thứ hai, việc tổng hợp bộ điều khiển được thực hiện bằng các phương pháp kinh điển đã biết đối với hệ thống tuyến tính. Do đó, trong bài viết này một giải pháp số sẽ được ứng dụng để ước lượng TF của TUV bằng mô hình gần đúng với sai số yêu cầu dựa trên phương pháp nội suy thực (Real Interpolation Method- RIM). Nghiên cứu này có các nội dung chính: thiết lập mô hình hệ thống Cáp kéo (Towed Cable- TC)- Phương tiện dưới nước (Underwater Vehicle - UV), xây dựng thuật toán và chương trình ước lượng TF biểu diễn mối liên hệ giữa độ dịch chuyển ở cuối cáp gắn với UV và độ dịch chuyển tại điểm gắn vào tời.
Transformaciones de la formación docente inicial de la educación básica en los inicios del siglo XXI: análisis comparativo del Cono Sur
Authors: Molinari Andrea
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo analiza las transformaciones de las políticas de formación docente inicial para la educación básica sucedidas en el marco de la promulgación de la leyes nacionales de principios del siglo XXI en tres países de Sudamérica: la República Argentina, la República de Chile y la República Oriental del Uruguay. El estudio muestra la naturaleza no lineal y conflictiva de los procesos de transformación de las políticas de formación docente inicial en los tres casos estudiados. En términos metodológicos, se analizan las normativas nacionales, las características que poseen los órganos de gobierno centrales en los Ministerios nacionales, las condiciones institucionales vinculadas con los modos de organizar la gestión de las instituciones, el ingreso a las carreras de formación docente, la evaluación y acreditación. Asimismo se caracterizan los contextos en los que se plantearon los cambios. Finalmente se presentan algunas reflexiones en torno a nudos problemáticos que persisten en la formación de docentes y que requieren renovadas formas de afrontar sus consecuencias.
Inclusive Education from Cultural Diversity and ICT
Authors: Asqui Jeferson Dario Crespo , Quichimbo Danilo Marcelo Diaz , Ajila Luis Eduardo Vélez , Molero Dilida Anayra Luengo , Campos Miguel Eduardo Vásconez
Published: February 2024

Students, in its different dimensions, aspects and contexts. Therefore, the objective of this present is to analyze the impact of inclusive education, from cultural diversity, the use of ICT in the students of the study of the "Teaching Professionalization" program of the National University of Education UNAE, in the context of Morona Santiago The methodology used was based on a mixed approach, which combined the quantitative with the qualitative,  supported a descriptive study that contributed to the precision of the application of inclusion in the training processes; the method that was reduced was that of research - action that helped the researchers to take a greater role; The techniques that were implemented were: survey, interview, which were addressed to teachers and students. As results, it is evident that educational actors are an active part of the training processes, they feel included with the application of didactic strategies, digital tools, since these take into account their needs and cultural diversity. The conclusions show that social networks: WhatsApp, Facebook, YouTube, Messenger and the EVEA platform are spaces to promote inclusion.
Pakistan’s Qazi Court and Who is Afraid of the Cricket Bat
Authors: Cheema Moeen
Published: February 2024

In a fundamental misunderstanding of classical Islamic law, legendary sociologist Max Weber conceptualised it as ‘Qadi justice’ quintessentially characterized as an Islamic judge “sitting under a tree” handing out informal and irrational decisions. Weber may have been incorrect in his characterization of Islamic law, but the Qazi Court of Pakistan appears to fit that mould. In several decisions, the Qazi Court effectively condoned the unconstitutional delay in elections, suppression of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) of Imran Khan’s election campaign, and turned a blind eye towards a campaign of repression by the military-backed establishment. However, the unkindest cut of them all to Pakistan’s democracy and the legitimacy of the elections was the Qazi Court’s decision denying the PTI its electoral symbol: the cricket bat.
Expression analysis of key curding and flowering genes in diverse thermosensory groups of cauliflower
Authors: Luhana Sohamkumar , Singh Shrawan , Mangal Manisha , Verma Vinay , Varotariya Kishor , Khar Anil
Published: February 2024

Cauliflower is a highly thermosensitive crop with complex developmental transitions that are intricately regulated by genotype-specific, environment-responsive genetic mechanisms. Understanding the genetic behavior of key genes is crucial for mitigating temperature factors in cauliflower production. Substantial differences in expression patterns were observed among the cauliflower genotypes. During curd initiation, Pusa Sharad displayed notable upregulation of BoREM1, CCE1, BoFT, and BoVRN2 genes; Pusa Shukti showed increased expression of BoREM1 and BoFUL-d; and in Pusa Snowball Kt-25, BoREM1 and CCE1 genes were remarkably upregulated. The expression of BoLFY, BoCAL, and BoTFL1 genes was downregulated in all three genotypes at curd initiation. Interestingly, the expression of all genes was relatively lower in the temperate genotype Pusa Snowball Kt-25 compared to Indian types. Increased expression of BoREM1, BoLFY, and BoFUL-d genes at curd loosening in Pusa Sharad indicated their probable association with curd to bolting stage transition. The study holds the potential for further understanding the genetic regulation of curding and flowering, to expand the thermosensitive plasticity of cauliflower genotypes.
Cucumber: Breeding and Genomics
Authors: Dey S. S. , Sagar Vidya , Kujur Shubhra N. , N Pradeep Kumara , Munshi A. D. , Pandey Sudhakar , Behera T. K.
Published: February 2024

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops grown worldwide for immature fruits. Several improved varieties with a number of economically important traits were developed through conventional breeding. The availability of draft genome sequences has facilitated the wide application of genomics tools in cucumber improvement in last two decades. C. sativus var. hardwickii widely distributed in the northern foothills of the Himalayas is the progenitor of the present-day cultivated cucumbers. A large number of commercially cultivated varieties and hybrids were developed through conventional breeding approaches. In hybrid breeding, gynoecious sex expression has been used widely for the development of more productive hybrids economically. Genetic inheritance and molecular characterization were done for a large number of traits including agro-morphological, quality, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Besides, candidate genes were also identified for the number of traits and later on validated through transformation and knock-out. Sex expression has been studied widely in this crop and cucumber serves as the model crop to study sex expression. A number of genes for sex expression and other economically important traits were characterized and cloned. Development of cucumber inbreds with multiple disease resistance, better quality and tolerance to abiotic stress tolerance are the major focus in future cucumber improvement programme.
Pesticide Residue and Bio-pesticides in Vegetable Crops
Authors: Majumder Sujan , Reddey B. R. , Pandey Juhi , Paul Anindita , Kumar Anup , Banerjee Kaushik
Published: February 2024

Intensive vegetable production using pesticides has biggest threat to growers and the consumers. In such instances the accumulation of pesticide residues is increased due to relatively short pre-harvest interval. Use of pesticides without knowing the label claim information increases the cost of production, increases the number of spray and labour cost, ultimately leading to decrease in farmers profitability. Hence, the adoption of pesticide as per label claim is very much essential. The level of residues should be below the maximum residue limit (MRL) at the time of harvest. Most of the detected pesticides in vegetables are not registered by Central Insecticide Board and Registration committee (CIBRC) for use on that specific vegetable which is the off label use of pesticides. Crops grouping is the development of a model that allows extrapolation of residue data from a few representative crops to many other crops in the same group. This allows establishment of residue tolerances for the entire group of crops based on the residue values from certain key crops that are similar. The acceptance of representative crop is a critical component of the savings from using the crop groups. IR-4’s involvement with efforts to remove pesticide residues as a barrier for exports for US-grown specialty crops has been growing in importance over the last 20 years. By establishing a common MRL on a specialty crop from a particular crop protection product use, trade irritants between the two countries can be prevented before they have the potential to become a major problem for specialty crop growers on each side of the border. The U.S./Canadian specialty crop partnership has yielded valuable results for all the stakeholders involved. IR4 signed MOUs with Canada, New Zealand, Brazil, Costa Rica, and Colombia. This model is also much needed for India to regulate the pesticide label claims for numerous crops.
Electronic Commerce and Consumer Protection in Jordan: The Emerging Trend
Authors: Tubishat Bassam Mustafa Abdul-Rahman
Published: February 2024

Consumer protection and electronic commerce in Jordan are covered in this study. E-commerce is buying and selling things online. Jordan has seen a sharp increase in e-commerce, with more consumers and businesses doing business online. Consumer protection issues have been brought up by e-commerce. Jordanians who shop online run the danger of being taken advantage of. Consumers may also be misled by false advertising and refusals of returns and refunds. To protect online shoppers, this paper suggests that the Jordanian government and other interested parties address these issues. This can be accomplished by putting consumer protection legislation into place and supporting education and awareness campaigns. This study also highlights Jordan's need for e-commerce security. This can be accomplished through the use of secure payment methods and data protection laws for online businesses. This essay highlights Jordan's need to handle e-commerce and consumer safety. It underlines the necessity of legislation, instruction, and a secure e-commerce environment in order to safeguard online shoppers.
EROSION-RESISTANT NANOCOATING DERIVED FROM POLYPROPYLENE AND BAMBOO-BASED BIO NANO CARBON (PP-BNC) TO ENHANCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF PETROLEUM PIPELINES
Authors: Jamalluddin Fatin Nabihah
Published: February 2024

Oil and gas transportation efficiency is hindered by petroleum pipeline erosion where the pipelines are exposed to solid particles, viscous fluids, processing temperature and pressure, surrounding conditions and accompanied gasses. The current issue is to solve the erosion of petroleum pipelines problem by developing an erosion-resistant nanocoating. The development of erosion resistant nanocoating which is derived from polypropylene and bamboo-based bio nano carbon (PP-BNC) is the main focus of this research. PP-BNC nanocomposite were prepared by using thermal composition method to obtain the bamboo BNC or also known as carbon black, followed by coagulation method to obtain PP-BNC nanocomposites (10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt% and 50 wt%) and lastly compression moulding method for the nanocomposite to become nanocoating thin film. During the thermal composition method, the grinded bamboo powder were combusted in tube furnace at 400°C, holding time for 30 minutes at 10°C/min rate in Nitrogen atmosphere. The solvents that were used are Toluene and Methanol during coagulation method. The structural, thermal and morphological properties of PP-BNC nanocomposites were characterised by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Whereas the mechanical properties such as tensile and abrasion resistance along with its weight loss were evaluated by tensile and abrasion resistance tests. PP with 20 wt% BNC has the best results as the weight loss and wear index are the lowest which is 0.001 g and 0.033 mg/cycles respectively, great tensile strength with the value of 20.52 MPa and able to withstand high temperature up to 163°C where the highest temperature underwater is only up to 100°C.
Comparison of Immediate and Long-term Outcomes of Stent vs. Grafts in Proximal LAD Lesions Complicated by TVD
Authors: Aslam Kamran , Iqbal Erum , Sajjad Wasim , Khan Fahad Raja , Khan Muhammad Shahbaz
Published: February 2024

Background: The management of triple-vessel disease (TVD) with proximal left anterior descending (PLAD) artery involvement remains a critical challenge in cardiology. Current guidelines advocate for both stent placement and graft surgery, yet evidence supporting the optimal approach is conflicting.
Objective This study aims to compare the immediate and long-term outcomes of stent placement versus graft surgery in patients with TVD and PLAD involvement, focusing on all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).
Methods: Conducted at Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, from January 2021 to December 2021, this research utilized data from the BEST and SYNTAX randomized controlled trials. The study included patients with at least one lesion causing ≥50% diameter stenosis in the PLAD. Primary outcomes included all-cause death, MI, stroke, and MACCE. Secondary outcomes encompassed cardiac death and all-cause revascularization. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 25, with significance set at a two-sided p-value of less than 0.05. Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models were applied for survival analysis, stratified by SYNTAX score.
Results: The study encompassed 200 patients (110 in the stent group and 90 in the graft group). Graft surgery was associated with a significantly lower incidence of the combined endpoint of all-cause mortality, MI, and stroke (p < 0.05), as well as reduced rates of MACCE, cardiac death, and all-cause revascularization compared to stent placement. In patients with low SYNTAX scores (≤22), graft surgery was linked with a reduced rate of MI. For those with intermediate to high SYNTAX scores (≥22), graft surgery showed superiority in reducing all-cause death, cardiac death, MI, all-cause revascularization, and MACCE.
Conclusion: Graft surgery is superior to stent placement in reducing the incidence of critical adverse events in patients with TVD and PLAD involvement over a five-year follow-up period. These findings underscore the importance of personalized, evidence-based decision-making in the management of complex coronary artery disease.
Manifestation of Sleep Paralysis among Clinical and Non-Clinical Population; A Comparative Study
Authors: Raza Nabeela , Farooq Anum
Published: February 2024

Background: Sleep paralysis is a transient and often distressing condition characterized by an inability to move or speak during the transition between wakefulness and sleep. Previous studies have highlighted a higher prevalence of sleep paralysis in psychiatric populations compared to the general population, yet comprehensive comparative studies remain scarce. Understanding the nuances of sleep paralysis across different populations is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
Objective: This study aims to compare the manifestation of sleep paralysis among clinical (neurotic and psychotic disorders) and non-clinical populations, with a specific focus on the prevalence of intruder, incubus, and vestibular-motor experiences.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional design was employed, with a sample size of 90 participants, equally divided among clinical (neurotic and psychotic) and non-clinical groups from Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The study utilized purposive sampling for participant selection. Individuals aged 14 years and above, diagnosed with neurotic disorders, brief psychotic disorder, early psychosis, or those experiencing sleep paralysis without a mental disorder diagnosis were included. The Waterloo Unusual Sleep Experiences Questionnaire-IX (WQ) along with diagnostic scales for depression, anxiety, panic attacks, and psychotic disorders were administered. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 25, employing descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Chi-Square tests.
Results: The mean age of participants was 22.21 (SD = 4.318). Gender distribution was 54.4% male and 45.6% female. The ANOVA results indicated no significant differences in the intruder and incubus experiences across groups. However, a significant difference was found in the intensity and frequency of vestibular-motor experiences, with F values of 6.684 (p<.01) and 9.231 (p<.01), respectively. Chi-square analysis further highlighted significant differences in the manifestation of sleep paralysis, with vestibular-motor experiences being notably higher among the psychotic group.
Conclusion: The study confirms the higher prevalence of vestibular-motor experiences of sleep paralysis among clinical populations, particularly those with psychotic disorders, compared to non-clinical populations. Intruder and incubus experiences were commonly reported across all groups, indicating a widespread presence of these phenomena regardless of psychiatric diagnosis.
Unveiling Synergistic Bonds: Exploring Spectroscopic Interactions between Tween 20 and Bromocresol Green for Enhanced Applications
Authors: Naz Asma , Khan Sundus , Sajjad Aqsa , Mehreen Kanwal , Sajid Muhammad , Qaiser Muhammad , Bukhari Syed Waqas , Rehman Abdul , Noreen Tayyebah , Karim Khadija , Abid Hafiz Muhammad Usman
Published: February 2024

Background: Surfactants and dyes interact in ways that can significantly alter the optical properties of solutions, a phenomenon with broad implications across various scientific fields, including healthcare. Understanding these interactions, especially in aqueous environments, is crucial for developing advanced diagnostic tools and enhancing drug delivery systems.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the interactions between the non-ionic surfactant Tween 20 and the dye Bromocresol Green (BCG) in aqueous solutions. By elucidating these interactions, the research sought to explore the potential for improving the accuracy and efficiency of spectroscopic assays used in medical diagnostics and therapeutic applications.
Methods: Aqueous solutions of BCG were prepared in varying concentrations of Tween 20 surfactant. Spectroscopic analyses were conducted at two wavelengths, 510 nm and 520 nm, to observe the effects of surfactant concentration on dye absorbance. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) was determined by analyzing changes in absorbance and reciprocal absorbance (1/A) patterns. Beer’s Law was applied to calculate the molar absorption coefficients, providing a quantitative measure of the interaction strength between the dye and surfactant molecules.
Results: The study found that the absorbance of BCG increased linearly with the concentration of Tween 20 up to the CMC, after which the increase continued at a different rate. At 510 nm, absorbance values ranged from 0.277 to 1.627 au as Tween 20 concentration increased from 0.005 mM to 0.017 mM, with molar absorption coefficients (ε) escalating from 0.483 to 2.839 (10^3 cm^2 mmol^-1). Similar trends were observed at 520 nm, underscoring the impact of micelle formation on dye-surfactant interactions.
Conclusion: The interaction between Tween 20 and BCG significantly affects the absorbance properties of BCG in aqueous solutions, with marked changes observed upon reaching the CMC. These findings highlight the potential of surfactant-dye interactions to enhance the performance of spectroscopic assays in healthcare settings, offering pathways to more sensitive diagnostic techniques and efficient drug delivery systems.
Examining the Effect of Brand Image, Price and WoM Communication on Purchase Decisions: A Case Study of Rinnai Gas Stove
Authors: Purba Rakhmawati , Dewi Kumala Vera , Siregar Aisyah , Damanik Sri Winda Hardiyanti
Published: February 2024

The substitution of cooking utensils from kerosene stoves to gas stoves causes housewives to consider various brands of stoves in making their purchasing decisions for their daily cooking needs for their families. This study aims to determine the effect of brand image, price, and word-of-mouth communication on the Rinnai Gas Stove Purchase Decision on Housewives in Dusun VI, Kuta Baru Village. The independent variables of this study consisted of brand image, price and word-of-mouth communication, while the dependent variable was purchasing decisions. This research is a quantitative approach. The primary data was obtained through questionnaire answers from 65 respondents who use the Rinnai gas stove in Hamlet VI, Kuta Baru Village. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis methods. The results of the analysis show that Brand Image (X1) affects the Purchasing Decision variable (Y), Price (X2) does not affect the Purchasing Decision (Y), word-of-mouth Communication (X3) affects the Purchasing Decision (Y) and Brand Image (X1), Price (X2) and WoM Communication (X3) influence simultaneously (simultaneously) on the Purchase Decision Variable (Y).
Percepción juvenil sobre la confianza en los perfiles seguidos en redes sociales
Authors: Gómez Rubio Leire , López Vidales Nereida
Published: February 2024

Las redes sociales forman parte del crecimiento y desarrollo personal de los jóvenes. Su consulta y presencia en ellas ya no es una opción sino una necesidad. En este artículo analizamos la percepción que tienen los jóvenes españoles acerca de los factores que motivan la elección de los perfiles que siguen en las redes sociales y sobre la confianza que otorgan a los contenidos publicados. Se ha encuestado a 935 jóvenes entre 16 y 25 años, cuyos resultados fueron completados con tres focus groups. Entre los resultados obtenidos destacan la poca transcendencia que para ellos tienen las recomendaciones de sus contactos y la falta de intencionalidad para elegir los perfiles. El público juvenil manifiesta una fuerte desconfianza hacia los contenidos publicados en redes, incluidos los correspondientes a expertos, debido a que las redes permiten elegir y opinar sobre cualquier asunto, al margen de los conocimientos que se posean.
Prospects for commercial tree farming in Colombia
Authors: Davis Robert R. , De la Torre Rafael , Cubbage Frederick , Kanieski de Silva Bruno
Published: February 2024

Over the next few decades, the area of planted forests required to satisfy worldwide demand for fiber, timber, and environmental services will need to increase by tens of millions of hectares (Mha). As no single nation can accommodate this expansion, planting sites in multiple countries must be identified. One prospective location is Colombia, which boasts nearly 26 Mha of land suitable for commercial tree planting, fair-to-excellent growth rates for major industrial species, good professional expertise, seaports on the Pacific and Caribbean coasts, and low-to-moderate land prices. Yet, despite these outstanding assets, tree plantations in Colombia cover only 542 thousand hectares (ha), with almost 90 percent located in three distinct regions: the Andean, Orinoco, and Caribbean. Constraints to commercial tree farming in Colombia include cultural preferences for non-wood products in construction and domestic applications, low capacity for processing industrial roundwood, and lack of reliable wood supplies needed for firms to scale up operations. While land prices are attractive in the remote Orinoco Region, they are considerably higher in more accessible regions, such as the Andean and Caribbean, which are closer to markets, mills, and ports. These factors along with security problems, low levels of formal land titling, and property rights issues in rural areas can complicate operations and add risk to investments in plantation forestry. With land for tree planting at a premium and increasing global demand for wood, fiber, and carbon sequestration, Colombia’s plantation sector stands to profit, provided it can successfully address the barriers to its growth.
La protección ambiental: recorrido interdisciplinario a modo de concientización
Authors: Medina Peña Rolando , Puerta Fernández Juan Francisco , Loján Macas Edwin Jazmany , Valarezo Román Jimmy A.
Published: February 2024

The work addresses doctrinal elements necessary to dominate for a better environmental awareness, making a journey through philosophical, pedagogical, ethical and legal positions, with the purpose of being used in the pedagogical teaching of law with a transversal vision. A descriptive study is used, using theoretical methods such as the logical historical and the synthetic analytical and the empirical level the analysis of documents. The results are associated with international concern about environmental problems and the real disconnection between protection, the benefits provided by ecosystems and the irrational way in which a human being acts in front of nature.
PEMBELAJARAN BACA TULIS AL-QURAN MELALUI METODE AT-TANZIL DI RA MAMBA AL-ULUM BATA-BATA PANAAN PALENGAAN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Najmi Akmalun
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pentingnya pembelajaran baca tulis al-Quran pada pendidikan anak usia dini di RA Mamba al-Ulum Bata-Bata dengan menggunakan metode At-Tanzil yang juga dikembangkan dengan kelas tahfidz. Metode At-Tanzil ini adalah merupakan sebuah cara cepat dan praktis dalam belajar baca tulis al-Quran. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan pendeketan kualitatif. Adapun jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian case study research (studi kasus). Penelitian ini digunakan agar supaya peneliti bisa menganilis kualitas pendidikan Ra Mamba al-Ulum Bata-Bata yang dikenal dengan metode At-Tanzil, yang pada saat ini metode At-Tanzil sudah terbukti kepada mayarakat akan kemudahan untuk cepat membaca Al-Quran. Hasil penelitian dalam materi At-Tanzil, yaitu: Pada Juz I penekanannya di huruf Khalqiah. 1) Pada Juz II penekannya mengenal harkat. 2) Pada Juz III penekanannya yaitu mengenal huruf sukun. 3) Pada Juz IV penekanannya yaitu praktek dengung. 4) Pada Juz V Penekanannya di fokuskan pada qolqolah. 5) Pada Juz VI penekanannya yaitu cara membaca waqhof ibtida. 6) Pada tingkat Tahfidz Penekanannya yaitu setoran juzamma dan membaca dengan tartil. Adapun dalam proses pembelajaran At-Tanzil menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Proses pembelajarannya di bentuk sambil bermain, bahkan guru harus lucu untuk bisa menarik perhatian siswa. 2) Metode pembelajarannya menggunakan Klasikal dan Tanya Jawab. 3) Adanya setoran hafalan materi dan Juzamma di tingkat Tahfidz. 4) Adanya penerapan tartil. Sedangkan hasil pebelajaran At-Tanzil adalah a) Pada tingkat juz I siswa dapat membaca sambungan huru hijaiyah. b) Siswa kalau sudah nyampek juz III dapat membaca ayat pendek dan mempraktekkan huruf sukun dengan baik. c) Sampai di Juz VI siswa dapat membaca ayat Al-Quran dengan baik (sesuai degan kaidah ilmu tajwid) serta cara membaca untuk memulai dan berhenti pada tengah kalimat. d) Pada tingkat Tahidz siswa sudah bisa membaca Ayat Al-Quran dengan bertartil serta dapat menentukan hukum bacaannya dan hafal minimal juz amma.
Las repeticiones voluntarias y reparadoras en la lengua del cine español e italiano,
original y doblado
Authors: Zamora Muñoz Pablo
Published: February 2024

Las repeticiones son un recurso textual-discursivo muy usual en la interacción
social. En la lengua del cine, original y doblado, constituyen marcas de oralidad cuya
inserción contribuye a crear diálogos cinematográficos que resulten naturales y verosímiles,
próximos al hablado espontáneo. En este estudio, basándonos en corpus fílmicos, se han
cotejado y comparado el número, la frecuencia de uso por minuto y la proporción de empleo
global de los distintos tipos de repetición en un conjunto de películas de producción
nacional españolas e italianas, diez por cada lengua. Asimismo, se han examinado las
tendencias que rigen en la traducción de las diferentes clases de repetición en las
versiones dobladas de estos filmes. Por último, apoyándonos en corpus lingüísticos de las
dos lenguas, se ha investigado si las diferencias que se constatan entre los filmes
originales y doblados de las dos culturas se corroboran en la interacción social de ambos
países. Los resultados recabados dejan entrever que en la traducción para el doblaje
español-italiano e italiano-español de los diferentes tipos de repetición ha influido al
menos parcialmente el proceso de hibridación entre la lengua de los textos fuente, la lengua
de los filmes nacionales y el hablado espontáneo de las dos culturas de destino.
Towards biologically plausible phosphene simulation for the differentiable optimization of visual cortical prostheses
Authors: van der Grinten Maureen , de Ruyter van Steveninck Jaap , Lozano Antonio , Pijnacker Laura , Rueckauer Bodo , Roelfsema Pieter , van Gerven Marcel , van Wezel Richard , Güçlü Umut , Güçlütürk Yağmur
Published: February 2024

Blindness affects millions of people around the world. A promising solution to restoring a form of vision for some individuals are cortical visual prostheses, which bypass part of the impaired visual pathway by converting camera input to electrical stimulation of the visual system. The artificially induced visual percept (a pattern of localized light flashes, or ‘phosphenes’) has limited resolution, and a great portion of the field’s research is devoted to optimizing the efficacy, efficiency, and practical usefulness of the encoding of visual information. A commonly exploited method is non-invasive functional evaluation in sighted subjects or with computational models by using simulated prosthetic vision (SPV) pipelines. An important challenge in this approach is to balance enhanced perceptual realism, biologically plausibility, and real-time performance in the simulation of cortical prosthetic vision. We present a biologically plausible, PyTorch-based phosphene simulator that can run in real-time and uses differentiable operations to allow for gradient-based computational optimization of phosphene encoding models. The simulator integrates a wide range of clinical results with neurophysiological evidence in humans and non-human primates. The pipeline includes a model of the retinotopic organization and cortical magnification of the visual cortex. Moreover, the quantitative effects of stimulation parameters and temporal dynamics on phosphene characteristics are incorporated. Our results demonstrate the simulator’s suitability for both computational applications such as end-to-end deep learning-based prosthetic vision optimization as well as behavioral experiments. The modular and open-source software provides a flexible simulation framework for computational, clinical, and behavioral neuroscientists working on visual neuroprosthetics.
Tailoring Tfh profiles enhances antibody persistence to a clade C HIV-1 vaccine in rhesus macaques
Authors: Verma Anil , Hawes Chase E , Elizaldi Sonny R , Smith Justin C , Rajasundaram Dhivyaa , Pedersen Gabriel Kristian , Shen Xiaoying , Williams LaTonya D , Tomaras Georgia D , Kozlowski Pamela A , Amara Rama R , Iyer Smita S
Published: February 2024

CD4 T follicular helper cells (Tfh) are essential for establishing serological memory and have distinct helper attributes that impact both the quantity and quality of the antibody response. Insights into Tfh subsets that promote antibody persistence and functional capacity can critically inform vaccine design. Based on the Tfh profiles evoked by the live attenuated measles virus vaccine, renowned for its ability to establish durable humoral immunity, we investigated the potential of a Tfh1/17 recall response during the boost phase to enhance persistence of HIV-1 Envelope (Env) antibodies in rhesus macaques. Using a DNA-prime encoding gp160 antigen and Tfh polarizing cytokines (interferon protein-10 (IP-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)), followed by a gp140 protein boost formulated in a cationic liposome-based adjuvant (CAF01), we successfully generated germinal center (GC) Tfh1/17 cells. In contrast, a similar DNA-prime (including IP-10) followed by gp140 formulated with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) +QS-21 adjuvant predominantly induced GC Tfh1 cells. While the generation of GC Tfh1/17 cells with CAF01 and GC Tfh1 cells with MPLA +QS-21 induced comparable peak Env antibodies, the latter group demonstrated significantly greater antibody concentrations at week 8 after final immunization which persisted up to 30 weeks (gp140 IgG ng/ml- MPLA; 5500; CAF01, 2155; p<0.05). Notably, interferon γ+Env-specific Tfh responses were consistently higher with gp140 in MPLA +QS-21 and positively correlated with Env antibody persistence. These findings suggest that vaccine platforms maximizing GC Tfh1 induction promote persistent Env antibodies, important for protective immunity against HIV.
The Neural Correlates of Ambiguity and Risk In Human Decision-Making Under an Active Inference Framework
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Tian Yan , Liu Quanying , Wu Haiyan
Published: February 2024

Active inference integrates perception, decision-making, and learning into a united theoretical frame-work, providing an efflcient way to trade off exploration and utilization by minimizing (expected) free energy. In this study, we asked how the brain represents values, uncertainty, and resolves the uncertainty under the active inference framework in the exploration-exploitation trade-off. 25 participants performed a contextual two-step two-armed bandit task, with electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. By comparing the fltting results from the active inference and reinforcement learning model, we show that active inference can better capture the exploration instinct of humans, which helps resolve the uncertainty of the environment. The EEG sensor-level results show that the activity in the frontal, central, and parietal regions is associated with uncertainty, while activity in the frontal and central brain regions is associated with risk. The EEG source-level results indicate that the expected free energy is encoded in the lateral occipital cortex and the uncertainty in the middle temporal pole. Our study dissociates the expected free energy and the uncertainty in active inference theory and their neural correlates, suggesting the reliability of active inference in characterizing cognitive processes of human decisions. It provides behavioral and neural evidence of active inference in decision processes and insights into the neural mechanism of human decision under different kinds of uncertainty.
A importância da consolidação dos dados financeiros no contexto do open finance para a inovação de produtos e serviços
Authors: Ramos Rommel Gabriel Gonçalves , Proença Nayara Reis Barbosa , Nunes Thales Oliveira , De Souza Anderson Ferreira , Rocha Anderson Jacob , Lemos Estefânia Portomeo Cançado , Da Silva Hugo Marques , Dos Santos Erick Quintino
Published: February 2024

Atualmente, está acontecendo uma revolução digital. As pessoas vivem em uma busca constante por soluções digitais que resolvam seus problemas de forma rápida e prática. Em meio a essa revolução, o Banco Central tem implementado o Open Banking Brasil, agora chamado Open Finance, facilitando assim o compartilhamento de dados financeiros de pessoas, entre instituições financeiras. Com essa nova forma de trabalhar, surgem dificuldades e grandes inovações tecnológicas. Assim, diante da importância e atualidade do assunto, faz-se necessário um estudo sobre o tema Open Banking Brasil. O Open Banking, está sendo implementado no Brasil para promover a inovação, a padronização dos sistemas das instituições financeiras, e o compartilhamento dos dados, a fim de fomentar a competitividade e possibilitar a oferta e a entrega de um produto/serviço melhor e mais adequado às necessidades do consumidor. Algumas das vantagens desse sistema são: a maior competitividade, o acesso a tarifas mais baixas e melhores condições, a garantia da segurança e privacidade, a facilidade e prática para compartilhamento e pagamentos, e a gratuidade do serviço. Contudo, existem problemas de inconsistência na comunicação dos sistemas entre as instituições financeiras participantes. Verificou-se que o programa vai trazer um desenvolvimento tecnológico grandioso para área financeira, bem como para toda a Tecnologia da Informação. Pois, já estão sendo devolvidos grandes projetos na área de Inteligência Artificial e Machine Learning, para as instituições financeiras.