bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STRATEGI UMK KREATIF MENGHADAPI PEMULIHAN ERA KEBIASAAN BARU PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID
Authors: Bustami Bustami , Laksamana Rio
Published: August 2024

Pemerintah Indonesia melalui kementrian kesehatan mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 9 Tahun 2020 tentang Pedoman Pembatasan Sosial Bersekala Besar (PSBB), dengan tujuan mempermudah dan mempercepat penanganan pandemi Covid-19. Pembatasan tersebut meliputi sekolah-sekolah, kampus-kampus, tempat kerja, pembatasan kegiatan agama, pembatasan di tempat atau fasilitas umum, adanya jam malam, sampai pembatasan kegiatan lainnya yang dapat menimbulkan keramaian. Dalam program besar penanganan Covid-19 dan pemulihan ekonomi nasional untuk merespons dampak pandemi Covid-19, pemerintah memprioritaskan dukungan terhadap UMKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui bagaimana Strategi dan kendala UMK kreatif menghadapi pemulihan era kebiasaan baru pada masa pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Pontianak, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan dapat disimpulakan  penelitian ini pertama sebagian besar UMK telah beradaptasi dengan kondisi kehidupan baru, dengan mengikuti kebijakan-kebijakan pemerintah menggunakan strategi pemasaran yang berbeda dari sebelumnya, yaitu dengan menggunakan media sosial. Hasil yang ke dua yaitu adanya sebagian UMK belum melek teknologi dan belum memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai alat pemasaran produk
PENGARUH DISIPLIN DAN PEMBERIAN TUNJANGAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA RSUD RANTAUPRAPAT KABUPATEN LABUHANBATU
Authors: Zulfikar Zulfikar , Harahap Aziddin , Sahputra Ali , Rizal Khairul
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini Bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Disiplin dan pemberian tunjangan terhadap kinerja pegawai di RSUD Rantauprapat Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, koesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan SPPS (Statistical Product Sofware Solution). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, analisis regresi linier berganda, pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji signifikan parsial (uji t), pengujian signifikan simultan (uji f) dan pengujian koefisien determinasi (R2). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial (uji t) disiplin berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan thitung sebesar (3.395). pemberian tunjangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan thitung sebesar (4.571). Secara simultan disiplin dan pemberian tunjangan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai dengan Fhitung sebesar 50.551. Melalui pengujian koefisien determinasi (R Square ) sebesar 0.897 atau 89.7%  yang menunjukkan bahwa kinerja pegawai dijelaskan oleh disiplin dan pemberian tunjangan selebihnya sebesar 10.3% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain yang tidak termasuk dalam penelitian ini.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk, Persepsi Harga, Dan Lokasi Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Beras di Toko Grosir Minang di Desa Tj Medan Kecamatan Bilah Barat Kabupaten Labuhanbatu
Authors: Ritonga Novita Sari , Lubis Junita , Limbong Christine Herawati
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas produk, persepsi harga dan lokasi terhadap keputusan pembelian. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif, yang menjadi tempat penelitian ini adalah Toko Grosir Minang Desa TJ. Medan. Dalam penelitian ini yang menjadi populasi adalah konsumen Toko Grosir Minang sebanyak 60 orang.. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu regresi linear berganda. Observasi, dokumentasi dan kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala likert merupakan suatu teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil analisis regresi diperoleh variabel kualitas produk (X1), persepsi harga (X2), dan lokasi (X3) berpengaruh positif  terhadap variabel keputusan pembelian (Y). Nilai Fhitung sebesar 35,157> Ftabel 2.48 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Dari hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas produk (X1), persepsi harga (X2), dan lokasi (X3) secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian (Y)
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG DIPERTIMBANGKAN KONSUMEN DALAM LITERASI KEUANGAN DI KECAMATAN PONTIANAK TIMUR
Authors: Mardiyati Mardiyati - , Wahyudi Hijrah
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis factor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan konsumen rumah tangga di Pontianak Timur. Pendidikan literasi keuangan merupakan unsur penting dalam pengelolaan keuangan agar konsumen memahami proporsi penggunaan keuangan yang sehat dan efektif. Subjek penelitian adalah konsumen rumah tangga di Kecamatan Pontianak Timur. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian butir pertama, digunakan teknik analisis faktor dengan mencari koefisien reliabilitas Spearman-Brown. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian butir kedua, digunakan teknik analisis deskriptif, yaitu menjelaskan secara detil tentang fakta, populasi, atau bidang tertentu secara faktual dan sistematis.Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis interaktif model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa ketujuh variabel yang diteliti ternyata secara statistik dipertimbangkan oleh konsumen rumah tangga di Kecamatan Pontianak Timur dalam  literasi keuangan. Adapun ketujuh variabel tersebut meliputi: pendidikan keuangan, kesadaran tentang produk keuangan, pengelolaan anggaran, penyusunan rencana keuangan, pengambilan keputusan keuangan, pemahaman tentang utang, perencanaan pensiun.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BRAND AMBASSADOR TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN
Authors: Sugianto Sugianto , Vivi Vivi , Junardi Junardi , Taslim Wui San , Vanessa Delicia
Published: August 2024

Brand ambassador merupakan elemen penting dalam kesuksesan produk. Mereka berperan dalam menarik minat konsumen, meningkatkan kesadaran merek, dan mendorong pembelian produk dari merek yang diwakilinya. Melalui interaksi dan testimoni mereka, brand ambassador menjadi bukti nyata keefektifan produk, mendorong konsumen untuk meniru gaya hidup dan merasakan manfaat yang sama. Dengan strategi yang tepat, brand ambassador dapat menjadi katalisator kesuksesan bagi merek dan mendorong pertumbuhan bisnis yang signifikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui signifikansi pengaruh brand ambassador terhadap minat beli konsumen pada produk skincare. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian asosiatif/hubungan dengan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS 26. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 101. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa visibility, attraction, dan power berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap minat beli pada produk skincare. Sementara, credibility tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap minat beli pada produk skincare.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN UMKM KELING KUMANG MART
Authors: Damestuteles Darius , Bertus Adil , Junianta Maria , Elvi Fitria , Sabela Florentina Neneng
Published: August 2024

Dalam membuat sebuah usaha, para pengusaha berlomba-lomba memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik kepada para konsumen atau pelanggannya, untuk meningkatkan penghasilan usahnya, supaya konsumen ingin kembali berbelanja maka perusahaan tentunya akan memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik untuk menarik para konsumen. Maka tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap keputusan pembelian di UMKM Keling Kumang Mart. Respoden atau sampel dari penelitian ini berjumlah 50 orang pelanggan Keling Kumang Mart,  metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif, karena untuk mengukur pengaruh variabel dengan uji statistik analisis data menggunakan SPSS 27.0 V. Hasil penelitian ini menyataka bahwa kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian di UMKM Keling Kumang Mart, dengan hasil uji statistik Sig. 0,005 lebih kecil dari Signifikasi yaitu 0,000. Dengan korelasi antara kedua variabel ini senilai 0,621 dengan kriteria kuat.
ANALISIS KUALITAS PRODUK DAN HARGA TERHADAP MINAT BELI PRODUK ONLINE PADA SISWA/I SMK KELING KUAMNG SEKADAU
Authors: Emel Caecilia Margareta , Ayu Trifornia , Gayu Gregorius
Published: August 2024

Minat beli merupakan salah satu perilaku konsumen berupa keinginan yang muncul dalam diri untuk melakukan pembelian terhadap suatu produk. Beberapa factor yang mempengaruhi minat beli yaitu kualitas produk dan harga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui  pengaruh kualitas produk dan harga terhadap minat beli produk online  secara parsial dan silmutan pada Siswa/I SMK Keling Kumang Sekadau. Metode  yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner dengan sempel sebanyak 89 orang responden Siswa/I SMK Keling Kumang Sekadau. Analisi data menggunakan bantuan SPSS versi 27. Teknik pengujian data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi uji validitas, uji reabelitas dan uji regresi linier berganda. Secara silmutan kualitas produk (X1) dan harga (X2) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat beli (Y) dengan nilai tingkat signifikan 0.000 < 0,05. Sehinga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas produk dan harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat beli pada Siswa/I SMK Keling Kumang Sekadau.
ANALISIS RASIO PROFITABILITAS DAN LIKUIDITAS UNTUK MENGUKUR KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. GARUDA INDONESIA (PERSERO) TBK
Authors: Oktary Dewi
Published: August 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero),Tbk tahun 2019 – 2023 dengan menggunakan analisis rasio keuangan yaitu rasio profitabilitas dan rasio likuiditas. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis rasio profitabilitas dan rasio likuiditas. Adapun hasil analisis penelitian ini adalah kinerja keuangan PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero), Tbk dilihat dari rasio profitabilitas masih kurang baik karena semua nilai rasio profitabilitas yaitu NPM, ROI dan NPM dari tahun 2019 – 2023 masih dibawah standar industry. Begitu pula analisis rasio likuiditas PT. Garuda Indonesia (Persero), Tbk juga dikatakan masih kurang baik karena semua nilai rasio likuiditas yaitu CR, QR, rasio kas, rasio perputaran kas dan Inventory to NWC juga masih dibawah standar industri.
Meslek Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılıkları, Empati Becerileri ve Not Ortalamaları Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Tanaş Ramazan , Aydın Ali Fikret
Published: August 2024

Günümüzde sosyal medyanın yükselişi ve bağımlılık haline gelmesi, sosyal ilişkilerdeki empatik eğilimlerin de değişmesine yol açmıştır. Bu sebeple özellikle gençlerdeki sosyal medyaya olan bağımlılık ile empati becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya çıkarılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle bu araştırmanın amacı meslek yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin sosyal medya bağımlılıkları ile empati becerileri arasındaki ilişki olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, Afyon Meslek Yüksekokulunda öğrenim gören 670 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğrencilerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeyleri düşük, empati becerileri yüksek bulunmuştur. Araştırmada sosyal medya bağımlılık ve empati becerilerinin yaş, cinsiyet, öğrenim türü ve mezun olunan okul değişkenlerine göre farklılaşmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca araştırmanın genel amacı olan sosyal medya bağımlığı ile empati becerileri arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı fakat zayıf bir ilişki olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Son olarak akademik başarı(not ortalaması) ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı ve empati becerileri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Bu sonuçlardan yola çıkarak öğrencilerin sosyal medyayı doğru bir şekilde kullandıkları söylenebilir. Bu nedenle öğrencilere sosyal medya kullanarak kurum sayfası veya sınıf sayfası şeklinde sosyal medya kullanımı ile daha eğitici içerikler verilebilir.
Pelatihan Kepemimpinan Transformasional Calon Guru: Konsep, Integrasi, dan Evaluasinya dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Blegur Jusuf , Ena Zet , Tlonaen Zuvyati Aryani , Erny S. N. Hambandima
Published: August 2024

This community service aims to increase students' knowledge and transformational leadership skills so that they can apply transformational leadership when carrying out learning practices in the classroom in the future. Nineteen students participated in the activity, but only 18 completed the evaluation. The science and technology transfer team includes the concepts and dimensions of transformational leadership, integration strategies for transformational leadership using scientific learning models, and how to evaluate students' transformational leadership. The three sciences and technologies were transferred using three methods, namely lectures and discussions, exercises, as well as presentations and reflections. The team evaluated service activities (pre test-post test) using seven open questions developed from the dimensions of transformational leadership developed by Carless et al. (2000). The results showed an average increase in understanding of transformational leadership in the medium category (0.3 <0.7). The highest increase was in the second dimension, namely team development, with a value of 0.70. Meanwhile, the dimension with the lowest increase was charismatic, with a value of 0.30. The other five dimensions are in the value range of 0.47-0.65 or are included in the medium category. In the future, service can be expanded by evaluating students' transformational leadership from the perspective of team/group members in learning activities to provide a more operational evaluation perspective on students' transformational leadership experiences.
FERIMENTO EM ZONA DE ZIEDLER POR ARMA BRANCA: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Barcelos Carolina Gonçalves , Mendes Evelyn Botrel , Costa Lucas Pinheiro , Pieroni Lucas Dalmaso , Ferreira Julia Caramatti , Fernandes Julia Pitangueira Cardoso , Santos Rogê Pacheco dos , Drago Marina Coleta , Silva Luísa Lima de Souza e , Rehfeld Gustavo Gaspar , Dognani Antonieta Botechia , Almeida Luiza Figueiredo Ribeiro
Published: August 2024

Lesões traumáticas, particularmente aquelas envolvendo o tórax, representam um problema significativo de saúde pública devido à alta morbidade e mortalidade associadas. Entre essas lesões, os traumas cardíacos penetrantes são particularmente graves, com a zona de Ziedler, uma área delimitada por linhas anatômicas específicas do tórax, sendo uma região de alta preocupação devido ao seu potencial de envolvimento cardíaco. Este relato de caso examina o atendimento a um paciente masculino de 33 anos que sofreu um ferimento por arma branca na região precórdia, identificando o ferimento como pertencente à zona de Ziedler. A abordagem inicial incluiu a aplicação do protocolo de Suporte Avançado de Vida no Trauma (ATLS), que foi crucial para a avaliação e manejo do paciente. O protocolo ATLS proporciona uma estrutura organizada para o atendimento de vítimas de trauma, ajudando a identificar e tratar lesões com risco iminente de vida. No caso descrito, o paciente apresentou sinais de choque hipovolêmico e tamponamento cardíaco, o que exigiu uma toracotomia exploradora urgente. A intervenção cirúrgica revelou um derrame pericárdico e a presença de hematoma, que foi tratado com sucesso. A rápida estabilização hemodinâmica e a implementação de medidas terapêuticas adequadas resultaram em uma evolução clínica favorável. Este caso sublinha a importância do diagnóstico precoce e do tratamento imediato em traumas torácicos, especialmente em áreas críticas como a zona de Ziedler, para melhorar as taxas de sobrevivência e minimizar as complicações.
Applicability of the inverse dispersion method to measure emissions from animal housings
Authors: Bühler Marcel , Häni Christoph , Neftel Albrecht , Bühler Patrice , Ammann Christof , Kupper Thomas
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Emissions from agricultural sources substantially contribute to global warming. The inverse dispersion method (IDM) has been successfully used for emission measurements from various agricultural sources. The IDM has also been validated in multiple studies with artificial gas releases mostly in open fields. Release experiments from buildings have rarely been conducted and were partly affected by additional nearby sources of the target gas. Specific release studies for naturally ventilated animal housings are lacking. In this study, a known and predefined amount of methane (CH4) was released from an artificial source inside a barn that mimicked a naturally ventilated dairy housing, and IDM recovery rates, using a backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) model, were determined. For concentration measurements, open-path devices (OPs) with a path length of 110 m were placed in a downwind direction of the barn at fetches of 2.0h, 5.3h, 8.6h, and 12h (h equals the height of the highest obstacle), and a 3D ultrasonic anemometer (UA) was placed in the middle of the first three OP paths. Upwind of the barn, an additional OP and a UA were installed. The median IDM recovery rates determined with the UA placed upwind of the barn and the downwind OP ranged between 0.55–0.75. It is concluded that, for the present study case, the effect of the building and a tree in the main wind axis led to a systematic underestimation of the IDM-derived emission rate probably due to deviations in the wind field and turbulent dispersion from the underlying assumptions of the used dispersion model.
Late Pleistocene glacial terminations accelerated by proglacial lakes
Authors: Scherrenberg Meike D. W. , Berends Constantijn J. , van de Wal Roderik S. W.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. During the glacial cycles of the past 800 000 years, Eurasia and North America were periodically covered by large ice sheets, causing up to 100 m of sea-level change. While Late Pleistocene glacial cycles typically lasted 80 000–120 000 years, the termination phases were completed in only 10 000 years. During these glacial terminations, the North American and Eurasian ice sheets retreated, which created large proglacial lakes in front of the ice-sheet margin. Proglacial lakes accelerate deglaciation as they facilitate the formation of ice shelves at the southern margins of the North American and Eurasian ice sheets. These ice shelves are characterized by basal melting, low surface elevations, and negligible friction at the base. Here, we use an ice-sheet model to quantify the (combined) effects of proglacial lakes on Late Pleistocene glacial terminations by examining their interplay with glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) and basal sliding. We find that proglacial lakes accelerate the deglaciation of ice sheets mainly because there is an absence of basal friction underneath ice shelves. If friction underneath grounded ice is applied to floating ice, full deglaciation is postponed by a few millennia, resulting in more ice remaining during interglacial periods and no extensive ice shelves forming. Additionally, the large uncertainty in melt rates underneath lacustrine ice shelves translates to an uncertainty in the timing of the termination of up to a millennium. Proglacial lakes are created by depressions in the landscape that remain after an ice sheet has retreated. The depth, size, and timing of proglacial lakes depend on the rate of bedrock rebound. We find that if bedrock rebounds within a few centuries (rather than a few millennia), the mass loss rate of the ice sheet is substantially reduced. This is because fast bedrock rebound prevents the formation of extensive proglacial lakes. Additionally, a decrease in ice thickness is partly compensated for by faster bedrock rebound, resulting in a higher surface elevation; lower temperatures; and a higher surface mass balance, which delays deglaciation. We find that a very long bedrock relaxation time does not substantially affect terminations, but it may lead to a delayed onset of the next glacial period. This is because inception regions, such as northwestern Canada, remain below sea level throughout the preceding interglacial period.
Modelling Mediterranean ocean biogeochemistry of the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Six Katharina D. , Mikolajewicz Uwe , Schmiedl Gerhard
Published: August 2024

Abstract. We present results of simulations performed with a physical–biogeochemical ocean model of the Mediterranean Sea for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and analyse the differences in physical and biochemical states between the historical period and the LGM. Long-term simulations with an Earth system model based on ice sheet reconstructions provide the necessary atmospheric forcing data, oceanic boundary conditions at the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea, and river discharge to the entire basin. Our regional model accounts for changes in bathymetry due to ice sheet volume changes, reduction in atmospheric CO2 concentration, and an adjusted aeolian dust and iron deposition. The physical ocean state of the Mediterranean during the LGM shows a reduced baroclinic water exchange at the Strait of Gibraltar, a more sluggish zonal overturning circulation, and the relocation of intermediate and deep-water-formation areas – all in line with estimates from palaeo-sediment records or previous modelling efforts. Most striking features of the biogeochemical realm are a reduction in the net primary production, an accumulation of nutrients below the euphotic zone, and an increase in the organic matter deposition at the seafloor. This seeming contradiction of increased organic matter deposition and decreased net primary production challenges our view of possible changes in surface biological processes during the LGM. We attribute the origin of a reduced net primary production to the interplay of increased stability of the upper water column, changed zonal water transport at intermediate depths, and lower water temperatures, which slow down all biological processes during the LGM. Cold water temperatures also affect the remineralisation rates of organic material, which explains the simulated increase in the organic matter deposition, which is in good agreement with sediment proxy records. In addition, we discuss changes in an artificial tracer which captures the surface ocean temperature signal during organic matter production. A shifted seasonality of the biological production in the LGM leads to a difference in the recording of the climate signal by this artificial tracer of up to 1 K. This could be of relevance for the interpretation of proxy records like, e.g., alkenones. Our study not only provides the first consistent insights into the biogeochemistry of the glacial Mediterranean Sea but will also serve as the starting point for transient simulations of the last deglaciation.
Exploring HONO production from particulate nitrate photolysis in Chinese representative regions: characteristics, influencing factors and environmental implications
Authors: Li Bowen , Gao Jian , Chen Chun , Wen Liang , Zhang Yuechong , Li Junling , Zhang Yuzhe , Du Xiaohui , Zhang Kai , Wang Jiaqi
Published: August 2024

Abstract. The production mechanism of atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO), an important precursor of hydroxyl radical (OH), was still controversial. Few studies have explored the effects of particulate nitrate photolysis on HONO sources in different environment conditions across China. Here, the photolysis rate constants of particulate nitrate for HONO production (JHONO) were determined through photochemical reaction system with PM2.5 samples collected from five representative sites in China. To eliminate the “shadowing effect” — potential light extinction within aerosol layers at heavy PM2.5 loadings on the filters, the relationship between light screening coefficient and EC, the dominant light-absorbing component in PM2.5, was established (R2=0.73). The corrected JHONO values varied with sampling period and location over a wide range, distributing from 1.6×10−6 s−1 to 1.96×10−4 s−1, with a mean (± 1 SD) of (1.71±2.36)×10−5 s−1. Chemical compositions, specifically nitrate loading and organic component, affected the production of HONO through particulate nitrate photolysis: high JHONO values were generally associated with the PM2.5 samples with high OC/NO3− ratio (R2=0.86). We suggested that the parameterization equation between JHONO and OC/NO3− established in this work can be used to estimate JHONO in different aerosol chemical conditions, thus reducing the uncertainty in exploring HONO daytime sources. This study confirms that the photolysis of particulate nitrate can be a potential HONO daytime source in rural or southern urban sites, which were characterized by high proportion of organic matter in PM2.5, while the contribution of this process to HONO daytime formation was still limited.
Effects of sea surface and air temperatures on interannual variations and trends of Arctic sea ice concentration in summer and autumn
Authors: Chen Di , Sun Qizhen , Vihma Timo
Published: August 2024

Abstract. We analyzed the Arctic atmosphere – sea ice – ocean relationships to reveal their intrinsic connections and the roles of the sea surface temperature (SST) and surface air temperature (SAT) on the interannual variations and trends of Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) in July to October during 1951 to 2021. Both SST and SIC have significant impacts on Arctic SIC. SST affects both interannual variations and decadal trends of SIC, whereas SAT has more significant effects on interannual variations of SIC. In addition, SAT affects SIC trends with a seven-month lead time, which is due to the much stronger warming trend in winter than summer. Statistically SST explained 53 % and SAT 35 % of the detrended interannual variance of SIC. SIC trends will continue to decline in the future as SAT and SST continue to rise.
Water Vapor climatologies in the extra-tropical Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere derived from a Synthesis of Passenger and Research Aircraft Measurements
Authors: Konjari Patrick , Rolf Christian , Hegglin Michaela Imelda , Rohs Susanne , Li Yun , Zahn Andreas , Bönisch Harald , Krämer Martina , Petzold Andreas
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Water vapor (H2O) is a key trace gas in the upper troposphere (UT) and lowermost stratosphere (LMS), as it significantly influences the Earth’s climate system through its roles in radiative forcing and cloud formation. However, accurate knowledge of the amount of H2O in this atmospheric region is still insufficient due to the difficulty and lack of precise in-situ and space-borne measurements. This study presents a new methodology to derive adjusted H2O climatologies for the extra-tropical UT/LMS from regular measurements aboard passenger aircraft between 1994 and 2022 within the IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System) research infrastructure. To this end, a synthesis of mean H2O is performed by sampling air mass bins of similar origin and thermodynamic conditions relative to the tropopause between a dataset from 60.000 flights applying the IAGOS-MOZAIC and -CORE compact hygrometer (ICH) and a data set of 500 flights using the more sophisticated IAGOS-CARIBIC hygrometer. The analysis is, in combination with ECMWF ERA5 meteorological data, accomplished for the extratropical northern hemisphere, where the datasets have the largest common coverage. We find very good agreement in the UT, but a systematic positive humidity bias in the ICH measurements for the LMS. To account for this bias, mean H2O of the ICH are adjusted to the IAGOS-CARIBIC measurements based on a new mapping and adjustment approach. After applying this new method, the LMS H2O measurements are in good agreement between all investigated platforms. The extensive H2O dataset from the compact IAGOS sensor can now be used to produce highly resolved H2O climatologies for the climatically sensitive LMS region.
Impact on the stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition of the interaction of cloud microphysics and macrophysics with large-scale circulation
Authors: Chun Je-Yun , Wood Robert , Blossey Peter N. , Doherty Sarah J.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. This study examines the impact of the interaction of cloud microphysics and macrophysics with the large-scale circulation on stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition (SCT) by combining large-eddy simulation (LES) with a parameterization of weak temperature gradient (WTG) stratified adjustment. The WTG approximates the interaction with the large-scale circulation by inducing domain-mean subsidence to compensate for buoyancy perturbations with respect to a reference thermodynamic profile. A stationary sea-salt sprayer perturbs the transitioning clouds over the Lagrangian domain moving along the trajectory. It is revealed that the cloud response to aerosol perturbation is markedly different depending on whether stratified adjustments in the large-scale circulation in response to buoyancy perturbations are considered. In both cases, aerosol injection into heavily precipitating clouds suppresses precipitation and enhances entrainment. Without application of WTG, cloud-top height rises without a compensating adjustment in subsidence, and the drizzle-induced thinning of the stratocumulus layer is delayed by several days. When WTG adjustment is applied, intensified large-scale subsidence restrains the growth of cloud top height, and increases warming and drying of the stratocumulus layer leads to cloud thinning. The thinned clouds, characterized by reduced emissivity and weakened longwave (LW) radiative cooling efficiency, become more susceptible to cloud breakup. Simultaneously, the reduced sensible heat flux from the surface by precipitation suppression reduces turbulence within the boundary layer. For lightly precipitating clouds, the transition, mainly driven by the warming effect due to enhanced entrainment by increased sea-surface temperature ('deepening-warming' mechanism), is hastened by aerosol injection due to accelerated cloud thinning. For heavily precipitating stratocumulus, in which the pace of SCT is fast due to the loss of clouds by drizzle ('drizzle-depletion' feedback), aerosol injection delays the transition by only a few hours because the deepening-warming mechanism becomes more important by intensified subsidence. Our results imply that the magnitude of the cooling effects of aerosol may be overestimated by as much as ~15–30 W m-2 when the adjustment in large-scale circulation is not accounted for in a limited-domain model simulations.
Precipitation-fire-functional interactions control biomass stocks and carbon exchanges across the world’s largest savanna
Authors: Williams Mathew , Milodowski David T. , Smallman Thomas Luke , Dexter Kyle G. , Hegerl Gabi C. , McNicol Iain M. , O'Sullivan Michael , Roesch Carla M. , Ryan Casey M. , Sitch Stephen , Valade Aude
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Southern African woodlands (SAW) are the world’s largest savanna, covering ~3 M km2, but their carbon balance, and its interactions with climate and disturbance are poorly understood. Here we address three issues that hinder regional efforts to address international climate agreements: producing a state-of-the-art C budget of SAW region; diagnosing C cycle functional variation and interactions with climate and fire across SAW; and evaluating SAW C cycle representation in land surface models (LSMs). Using 1506 independent 0.5° pixel model calibrations, each constrained with local earth observation time series of woody carbon stocks (Cwood) and leaf area, we produce a regional SAW C analysis (2006–2017). The regional net biome production is neutral, 0.0 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 (95 % Confidence Interval –1.7 – 1.6), with fire emissions contributing ~1.0 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 (95 % CI 0.4–2.5). Fire-related mortality driving fluxes from total coarse wood carbon (Cwood) to dead organic matter likely exceeds both fire-related emissions from Cwood to atmosphere and non-fire Cwood mortality. The emergent spatial variation in biogenic fluxes and C pools is strongly correlated with mean annual precipitation and burned area. But there are multiple, potentially confounding, causal pathways through which variation in environmental drivers impacts spatial distribution of C stocks and fluxes, mediated by spatial variations in functional parameters like allocation, wood lifespan and fire resilience. Greater Cwood in wetter areas is caused by positive precipitation effects on net primary production and on parameters for wood lifespan, but is damped by a negative effect with rising precipitation increasing fire-related mortality. Compared to this analysis, LSMs showed marked differences in spatial distributions and magnitudes of C stocks and fire emissions. The current generation of LSMs represent savanna as a single plant functional type, missing important spatial functional variations identified here. Patterns of biomass and C cycling across the region are the outcome of climate controls on production, and vegetation-fire interactions which determine residence times, linked to spatial variations in key ecosystem functional characteristics.
Integration of global precipitation stable isotope data
Authors: Chen Longhu , Wang Qinqin , Zhu Guofeng , Li Rui , Lu Siyu , Lin Xinrui , Qiu Dongdong , Meng Gaojia , Jiao Yinying , Wang Yuhao , Liu Jing , He Yutong , Li Yanan
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Precipitation plays a crucial role in the hydrological cycle and is vital for water resources management, climate change research, and ecosystem conservation. Precipitation stable isotopes serve as the "fingerprints" of precipitation, which can clearly trace the formation, transport, and subsequent processes of precipitation. However, due to the scarcity of precipitation stable isotope data, we face challenges of temporal discontinuity and spatial heterogeneity when studying it at large to medium scales. Therefore, we compiled precipitation hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope data (δ18O and δ2H) from 2059 global sites spanning from 1961 to 2023, totaling 141,624 records. Our study indicates significant variations of global precipitation stable isotopes both spatially and temporally. Spatially, the isotopic composition of precipitation in different regions varies significantly due to factors such as geographical location, underlying surface conditions, and atmospheric circulation. Temporally, δ18O and δ2H show decreasing trends, while d-excess shows an increasing trend, with the impact of global temperature rise being very apparent. This precipitation stable isotope dataset provides robust support for our understanding of global precipitation changes and climate change. Through further investigation of precipitation stable isotope data, we hope to uncover more mechanisms and influencing factors of precipitation processes, providing a more accurate basis for the assessment and prediction of climate and water resource changes.
Annual mass changes for each glacier in the world from 1976 to 2023
Authors: Dussaillant Ines , Hugonnet Romain , Huss Matthias , Berthier Etienne , Bannwart Jacqueline , Paul Frank , Zemp Michael
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Glaciers, distinct from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, play a crucial role in Earth's climate system by affecting global sea levels, freshwater availability, nutrient and energy budgets and regional climate patterns. Accurate measurements of glacier mass changes are needed to understand and project glacier evolution and its related impacts on the climate system. Two distinct methods allow to measure glacier mass changes at high spatial resolution. Remotely sensed surface elevation data provides volume change estimates over large glacierized regions for multi-annual to decadal time periods. Field glaciological measurements provide annually to seasonally resolved information on glacier mass change for a small sample of the world’s glaciers. By combining the two methods we provide annual time series of individual glacier mass changes and related uncertainties spanning the hydrological years from 1976 to 2023. The per-glacier time series can then be seamlessly integrated into annually resolved global regular grids of glacier mass changes at user-specified spatial resolution. Our results undergo a leave-one-out cross-validation confirming uncertainty estimates at the glacier level to be in the conservative side. Our dataset provides a new baseline for future glacier change modelling assessments and their impact on the world's energy, water, and sea-level budget. The present annual mass change time-series for the individual glaciers and the derived global gridded annual mass change product at a spatial resolution of 0.5° latitude and longitude will be made available from the WGMS webpage. During the review process, the dataset is temporarily available from URL: https://user.geo.uzh.ch/idussa/Dussaillant_etal_ESSD_data/.
Technical note: Optimizing the in situ cosmogenic 36Cl extraction and measurement workflow for geologic applications
Authors: Lesnek Alia J. , Licciardi Joseph M. , Hidy Alan J. , Anderson Tyler S.
Published: August 2024

Abstract. In situ cosmogenic 36Cl analysis by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is routinely employed to date Quaternary surfaces and assess rates of landscape evolution. However, standard laboratory preparation procedures for 36Cl dating require the addition of large amounts of isotopically enriched chlorine spike solution; these solutions are expensive and increasingly difficult to acquire from commercial sources. In addition, the typical workflow for 36Cl dating involves measuring both 35Cl/37Cl and 36Cl/Cl concurrently on the high-energy (post-accelerator) end of the AMS system, but 35Cl/37Cl determinations using this technique can be complicated by isotope fractionation and system memory during measurement. The traditional workflow also does not provide 36Cl extraction laboratories with the data needed to calculate native Cl concentrations in advance of 36Cl/Cl measurements. In light of these concerns, we present an improved workflow for extracting and measuring chlorine in geologic materials. Our initial step is to characterize 35Cl/37Cl on sample aliquots of up to ∼1 g prepared in Ag(Cl, Br) matrices, which greatly reduces the amount of isotopically enriched spike solution required to measure native Cl content in each sample. To avoid potential issues with isotope fractionation through the accelerator, 35Cl/37Cl is measured on the low-energy, pre-accelerator end of the AMS line. Then, for 36Cl/Cl measurements, we extract Cl as AgCl or Ag(Cl, Br) in analytical batches with a consistent total Cl load across all samples; this step is intended to minimize source memory effects during 36Cl/Cl measurements and allows the preparation of AMS standards that are customized to match known Cl contents in the samples. To assess the efficacy of this extraction and measurement workflow, we compare chlorine isotope ratio measurements on seven geologic samples prepared using standard procedures and the updated workflow. Measurements of 35Cl/37Cl and 36Cl/Cl are consistent between the two workflows, and 35Cl/37Cl values measured using our methods have considerably higher precision than those measured following standard protocols. The chemical preparation and measurement workflow presented here (1) reduces the amount of isotopically enriched chlorine spike used per rock sample by up to 95 %; (2) identifies rocks with high native Cl concentrations, which may be lower priority for 36Cl surface exposure dating, at an early stage of analysis; and (3) allows laboratory users to maintain control over the total chlorine content within and across analytical batches. These methods can be incorporated into existing laboratory and AMS protocols for 36Cl analyses and will increase the accessibility of 36Cl dating for geologic applications.
Dynamic and thermodynamic processes related to sea-ice surface melt advance in the Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea
Authors: Liang Hongjie , Zhou Wen
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Arctic summer sea ice has shrunk considerably in recent decades. This study investigates springtime sea-ice surface melt onset in the Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea, which are key seas along the Northeast Passage. Instead of region-mean melt onset, we define an index of melt advance, which is the areal percentage of a sea that has experienced sea-ice surface melting before the end of May. Four representative scenarios of melt advance in the region are identified. Each scenario is accompanied by a combination of distinct patterns between atmospheric circulation, atmospheric thermodynamic state, sea-ice cover (polynya activity), and surface energy balance in May. In general, concurrent with faster melt advance are a warmer and wetter atmosphere, less sea-ice cover, and surface energy gains in spring. Melt advance can be potentially used in the practical seasonal prediction of summer sea-ice cover. This study suggests the interannual and interdecadal flexibility of spring circulation in the lower troposphere and the significance of seasonal evolution in the Arctic.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ ПРАВОТВОРЧОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ: НА ПРИКЛАДІ ПОЛОЖЕНЬ КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО ТА КРИМІНАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНОГО КОДЕКСІВ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Слуцька Тетяна Іванівна
Published: August 2024

У статті в аспекті прийнятого Верховною Радою України Закону «Про правотворчу діяльність», введення в дію якого відбудеться згодом, на прикладі КК і КПК та внесених до них змін, розглядається існуючий стан правотворчої діяльності, зокрема в частині допущених недоліків, прогалин та колізій. При цьому, аналіз допущених недоліків свідчить про відсутність нині належного моніторингу законодавцем під час розроблення, розгляду та прийняття закону інших уже зареєстрованих законопроєктів, їх стан проходження та прийнятих попередньо законів. Як приклад правової прогалини наводиться відсутність у змісті КПК норми, що передбачала б постановлення судом окремої ухвали, як заходу реагування, в тому числі, на допущені учасниками кримінального провадження порушення закону. Розглядаючи питання подолання колізій, з метою забезпечення правильного та однакового застосування право- застосовними органами норм права, пропонується доповнити зміст ч. 3 ст. 66 Закону «Про правотворчу діяльність» положенням, яке врегульовувало б питання подолання колізій між нормативно-правовими актами рівної юридичної сили у випадку, якщо вони вступили в дію (набули чинності) одночасно, стосуються одних і тих самих норм, але мають різний зміст.
АДМІНІСТРАТИВНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ ТА ЛЕГКИЙ ПЕРСОНАЛЬНИЙ ЕЛЕКТРОТРАНСПОРТ: РЕАЛІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Козакевич Олеся Миколаївна , Кухар Анна Ігорівна
Published: August 2024

У статті розглянуто актуальність визначення правового статусу та значення легкого персонального транспорту для забезпечення безпеки дорожнього руху в Україні. Дослідження цього питання полягає у визначенні адміністративної відповідальності за правопорушення вченні з використанням легкого персонального транспорту та шляхів вдосконалення адміністративно-деліктного законодавстваю. Обгрунтовано, що необхідність у чіткому правовому регулюванні пересування легким персональним транспортом, спричинена рядом нових проблем, що пов’язані із безпекою дорожнього руху. Недосконалість законодавства та правил дорожнього руху у результаті призводить до великої кількості адміністративних проступків, пов’язаних із легким персональним транспортом. Визначено основні види та правове регулювання щодо легкого персонального транспорту. Розглянуто нормативно-правовое регулювання адміністративної відповідальності у контексті забезпечення безпеки дорожнього руху. Визначено сучасний стан адміністративних проступків вчинених за використання легкого персонального транспорту. Найбільш поширеними адміністративними правопорушеннями в цій сфері наразі є: пересування по проїзній частині дороги, пересування легким персональним транспортом по пішохідній частині, недотримання правил дорожнього руху (незнання правил, їзда на червоне світло, їзда по зустрічній смузі тощо), ігнорування сигналів світлофора, перевищення дозволеної швидкості, керування легким персональним транспортом у нетверезому стані, перевезення пасажирів, невикористання захисного екіпірування (шолома, наколінників, наколінників). Проаналізовано особливості адміністративної відповідальності за порушення правил дорожнього руху користувачів легкого персонального транспорту. Надано пропозиції щодо шляхів вдосконалення правового регулювання легкого персонального транспорту. Звернено увагу на те, які доопрацювання потребує адміністративне-деліктне законодавство України щодо легкого персонального транспорту.
Constitucionalismo de exceção, pós-democracia e o julgamento da reforma trabalhista pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal – STF
Authors: Rosário Luana
Published: August 2024

This paper will analyze the judgment of Direct Actions of Unconstitutionality ADI 5685, ADI 5938 and ADI 5794 by the Supreme Federal Court, with the objective of verifying whether the Judiciary has echoed the discourse of the economic-financial crisis and legitimately ratified the exceptional measures of austerity , with a cut in labor matters. The epistemological scientific orientation of the papper is the Ecology of Knowledge. For which it will combine resources from the French Discourse Analysis, from Bakhtin’s Marxist philosophy of language, to contributions from the Sociology of Law and the Sociology of Absences. Our research hypothesis is that such judicial decisions, permeated by the austerity discourse, are constituted as Exceptional Constitutionalism and produce the absence of labor rights. As well as the ontological degradation of its holders, the functional de-differentiation of Law and its ethical delegitimation. Such judicial decisions and the Constitutionalism of Exception are a symptom of a scenario of exception and post-democracy generated by neoliberalism. Documentary and bibliographic research techniques will be necessary.
Türkçe Öğretimi Üzerine 2020 Yılından Sonra Yazılmış Makalelerin Kaynakça Bölümlerinin Apa (7)´ya Uygunluk Durumu
Authors: Esen Turan
Published: August 2024

The list showing the sources used in a research or review is called bibliography. It is important to cite references in the studies carried out. Because other people who read our work can access the sources we use by looking at the bibliography. In this way, it turns out that our article is reliable. In order for a study to be reputable, it must comply with certain scientific research methods and rules. The purpose of this study is to examine the compliance of the bibliography sections of articles written after 2020 in the field of teaching Turkish as a foreign language to APA (7) rules. For this purpose, data was collected using the document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods. To conduct research, a literature review was conducted by accessing relevant studies on the subject. Prof., associate professor regarding the study. 20 articles written by people with the title of faculty member or faculty member were randomly selected and the data were tried to be integrated systematically. Descriptive analysis, one of the qualitative analysis techniques, was used to analyze the collected data. The findings obtained were categorized in accordance with APA (7) bibliography rules and shown in tables. At the end of the study; periodical publications in the reviewed article bibliographies; books, reference books and book chapters; technical and research reports; meetings and symposiums; doctoral and master's theses; It has been determined that APA (7) bibliography rules are not strictly followed in writing the web page sources. Based on the results, suggestions were made that journals that conduct and publish academic studies should be more meticulous in complying with the specified bibliography writing rules. Key Words: Teaching Turkish as a foreign language, doing academic work, APA bibliography rules, bibliography