bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo do cumprimento da legislação ambiental em um cemitério da cidade de Senhor do Bonfim-BA / Study of compliance with environmental legislation in a cemetery in the city of Senhor do Bonfim-Bahia (Brazil)
Authors: Souza Maria Roberta Rodrigues de , Cavalcante Kellison Lima
Published: July 2020

Qualquer que seja o tipo de atividade ou empreendimento sempre acarreta modificações ambientais. Podendo ser de caráter irreversível ou temporário. Cemitérios construídos de forma inadequada podem provocar graves danos ao meio ambiente e à população. O objetivo neste trabalho foi analisar as condições ambientais do cemitério São Lázaro, em Senhor do Bonfim, BA. Foi aferido o perímetro do cemitério, com utilização de trena e GPS. Foi realizada investigação dos túmulos do cemitério São Lázaro, observando as condições de escapamento de gases das sepulturas, destino e escoamento dos líquidos oriundos da coliquação, distância da área de sepultamento em relação ao perímetro do cemitério e relacionada com as resoluções do CONAMA nº: 335, 368 e 402. Pode-se concluir que na implantação do cemitério São Lázaro não foram feitos os estudos geológicos e hidrogeologicos do local, constituindo-se assim, uma possível fonte de contaminação ambiental. Faz-se necessário a manutenção e gerenciamento do cemitério para que cumpra as exigências do CONAMA, resoluções 335/2003 e 368/2006, assim como, readaptar as construções dos jazigos de forma a manter a troca gasosa entre a construção tumular e o ambiente externo, e facilitar a putrefação do cadáver. Com o gerenciamento ambiental do cemitério, critérios de controle ambiental podem ser estabelecidos para prevenção da possível contaminação do solo e da água, além de minimizar riscos que possam afetar a saúde pública.
A Gestão Democrática e as Políticas de Provimento do cargo de Gestor Escolar / Democratic Management and Supply Policies for the Position of School Manager
Authors: Cornélio Sthelamarys Costa Dantas , Brito Maria Adriana Calixto de , Almeida Júnior Raimundo Fernandes de , Melo Elisângela Maria De Oliveira
Published: July 2020

Analisa as formas de provimento ao cargo de diretor e as perspectivas e consequências vem a causar dentro do campo da democracia escolar. São estudadas as modalidades por eleição, concurso público de provas de títulos, acesso por carreira e indicação política, enfatizando o último meio de acesso que é alvo de grandes críticas, por estar a contribuir cada vez mais ao favoritismo político. Destaca a preocupação com a qualidade do ensino- aprendizagem e investiga até que ponto este foco central da educação pode ter interferências a melhor forma de promover a gestão democrática dentro da instituição de ensino, mas que por ainda estar em processo de adaptação é possível de acertos e erros. Busca-se, também, fazer-se entender se a essência do gestor democrático faz ligações com o seu meio de acesso ao o seu compromisso particular de trabalho.
Mulheres Chefes de Domicílio e Empreendedoras / Household Heads and Entrepreneurs
Authors: Félix Kátia Patrício , Macêdo Maria Erilúcia Cruz
Published: July 2020

Este presente trabalho versa sobre a inserção da mulher no empreendedorismo, atravessado pela sua designação histórico-social como chefas de domicílio – responsáveis pela manutenção da família. Portanto, tem como objetivo central indagar sobre qual(is) dificuldade(s) as mulheres enfrentam no processo de inserção ao mercado empreendedor hegemonicamente constituído por homens. O método de pesquisa delineou-se por uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Foram analisados artigos publicados em periódicos científicos, bem como em anais de eventos, além de livros disponibilizados pelas plataformas do Google. Por fim, os resultados discorreram sobre a abertura do mercado empreendedor para o público feminino desde o século XX (fortemente motivada pela Constituição Federal de 88). Entretanto, da mesma forma é notório as dificuldades que atravessam essa inserção. Essas dificuldades se relacionam com o processo de construção histórico-social do gênero feminino. Problemas de viés familiar (papel de principal mantenedora da família), social (sem suporte financeiro), além de dificuldades mascaradas nas organizações – “teto de vidro” – estão presentes no processo. Mesmo diante dessas dificuldades, o gênero está conseguindo conciliar o âmbito profissional com outros âmbitos de sua vida, pois possuem perfil de empreendedora e estão ganhando espaço nas lutas sociais (vide o feminismo).
A Importância da Educação Empreendedora nos processos de Ensino e Aprendizagem / The Importance of Entrepreneurial Education in the Teaching and Learning processes
Authors: Ferreira Andreuma Guedes , Miguel Joelson Rodrigues
Published: July 2020

O processo de ensino-aprendizagem exige inúmeras demandas, onde o ato de educar inclui aspectos diversos, sejam eles de ordem estrutural, políticas e/ou metodológicas. Diante desta premissa acrescenta-se que as discussões em volta das práticas pedagógicas ainda são alvo de muitas pesquisas e discussões nos últimos anos no meio acadêmico. O presente estudo objetivou discutir sobre  a Importância da Educação Empreendedora nos processos de Ensino e Aprendizagem. Metodologicamente, utilizou-se de revisão integrativa baseada em autores como: Dolabela (2013); Filion, (1999); Dornelas, (2014); Saviani (2011) e Minello (2014); assim como outros pesquisadores, profissionais e visionários da educação, que acreditam na educação empreendedora como uma importante metodologia a ser inserida na sala de aula por meio de professores, currículo e práticas pedagógicas. Os resultados demonstraram que a educação empreendedora nos espaços educacionais pode vir a ser uma importante estratégia pedagógica, uma vez que ajudará em uma melhor colocação profissional dos educandos. Esta pode garantir ao adolescente e futuro trabalhador uma oportunidade de se colocar não apenas no mercado, mais também perante a sociedade de forma mais capacitada, com possibilidade de participação crítica, numa sociedade política, social, e cultural, com maior consciência de todos os fenômenos que o rodeiam.
O Tratamento de Diastemas com planejamento por Mock-Up: Revisão de Literatura / Treatment of Diastema with planning using Mock-Up: Literature Review
Authors: Costa Patrícia Conceição Neves , Silva Matheus Jacobina Andrade e
Published: July 2020

As alterações na harmonia orofacial podem ocasionar um impacto negativo na autoestima do paciente. Para a realização de correções estéticas pode ser utilizado o planejamento reverso, que consiste no uso de mecanismos virtuais, enceramento diagnóstico e testes restauradores, que são meios que possibilitam haver previsibilidade no tratamento. O ensaio restaurador, conhecido como mock-up, permite simular um planejamento por meio da construção provisória dos elementos dentários afetados e que necessitam de tratamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma revisão de literatura acerca do uso do mock-up como meio de previsibilidade do resultado final no tratamento de diastemas. Para esta finalidade, foi realizada uma busca online abordando a temática supracitada. Foi possível evidenciar que o uso de mock-up promove uma previsibilidade na terapêutica escolhida, de forma que por meio desta técnica é possível escolher a melhor forma de finalizar o tratamento odontológico.
Nivolumab-Induced Autoimmune-Like Cholestatic Hepatitis in a Liver Transplant Recipient
Authors: Anugwom Chimaobi , Leventhal Thomas
Published: July 2020

Cancer treatment has taken giant strides in recent years with the advent of immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors. The use of these medications in liver transplant recipients has been debated, and the added effect of previous hepatitis C infection on the immune system in this setting, is poorly understood. We present a case of cholestatic hepatitis after the treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma with nivolumab in the post-transplant period. Understanding the pathophysiology is relevant to improving the management of this type of liver injury and expanding our knowledge of programmed death-1 inhibitors in liver transplant recipients.
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Versus Surgery for Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Propensity Score-Matched Survival Analysis
Authors: Lee Hyun Deok , Chung Hyunsoo , Kwak Yoonjin , Choi Jinju , Lee Ayoung , Kim Jue Lie , Cho Soo-Jeong , Kim Sang Gyun
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION:

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a preferred treatment option for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC). However, only few studies compared long-term survival outcomes of ESD with surgery. This study compared the overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival, and complication rates of ESD with those of surgery.

METHODS:

We reviewed patients who underwent ESD (n = 70) or surgery (n = 114) for SESCC at Seoul National University Hospital from 2011 to 2017. A propensity score-matched analysis was used to reduce selection bias. To increase the precision of our results interpretation, subgroups were analyzed according to the depth of tumor invasion.

RESULTS:

In the matching study, the ESD group (n = 34) showed comparable survival outcomes with the surgery group (n = 34). The 5-year OS rates were 89.4% vs 87.8% for the ESD and the surgery groups, respectively; similarly, the 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 90.9% and 91.6%, respectively. The ESD group showed a lower early major complication rate (2.9% [1 of 34] vs 23.5% [8 of 34], P < 0.001) and shorter hospital stay (median, 3.0 days vs 16.5 days, P < 0.001) than the surgery group. In the tumor in situ (Tis)-subgroup, ESD showed better OS than esophagectomy (P = 0.030). Between-group comparisons of survival outcomes in the T1a and T1b subgroups revealed no significant differences.

DISCUSSION:

Long-term outcomes of ESD are comparable with surgery for patients with SESCC. For early major complications and duration of hospital stay, ESD was associated with better outcomes than radical surgery. These results support ESD as the preferred treatment option for SESCC.
Application of the Fenton Process in the Petroleum Refinery Spent Caustic Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Rahmanisa Riang Anggraini , Widiasa I Nyoman
Published: July 2020

Spent caustic wastewater is produced from the scrubbing process using a caustic solution to absorb contaminants in the oil stream (hydrocarbon). Indonesia’s Petroleum Oil Refinery produces spent caustic wastewater from LPG and kerosene processing unit. Spent caustic wastewater has the characteristic of a strong odor with very high pH (12-14), containing dangerous pollutants such as phenol, aldehydes, mercaptans, and thiols that can be harmful to the human and environment. The Fenton process is used to treat spent caustic before being discharged to the environment. The Fenton process is one of AOPs (Advanced Oxidation Process) using Fe2+ as a catalyst and H2O2 as an oxidant to oxidize organic contaminants in wastewater. This study aims to determine the operating conditions of the Fenton Process with the target characteristics of treated spent caustic meet the WWTP (Waste Water Treatment Plant) inlet specifications and to make the design process of spent caustic treatment with the Fenton Process capacity of 10 m3/day. By operating at the H2O2/Fe (II) ratio of 1.8, the final target was achieved with COD of 810 ppm, ammonia of 22.84 ppm, sulfide of 60.93 ppm and phenol of 14.56 ppm. Total Capital Investment (TCI) for the design is US$ 2146701.89 whereas Total Manufacturing Cost of US$ 2089740.75.Keywords: spent caustic; refinery wastewater; Fenton process
Displacement and deformation study of engineering structures with the use of modern laser technologies
Authors: Sztubecki Jacek , Bujarkiewicz Adam , Derejczyk Karol , Przytuła Michał
Published: July 2020

Modern measuring technologies give the means to perform tasks previously impossible with conventional methods. Their main advantages include reduced time consumption and higher measurement precision. Contemporary displacement and deformation studies of engineering structures often involve application of laser technologies, which are characterised by high precision of measurements. This article presents an analysis of results obtained from measurements of changes in the geometry of an engineering structure in which two complementary measuring technologies were used, i.e. tachymetric measurement with a Leica TDRA6000 laser station and laser scanning with a 3D FARO Focus S150 scanner. The utilised laser station enabled determination of 3D displacements in the local control point network installed on the studied structure as well as transfer of point clouds obtained from laser scans into a uniform coordinate system. The hybrid technology employed and the measurement method used ensured that the accuracy of the determined displacements and deformations of the structural components of the structure was high. The described measurement and result processing technology makes it possible to comprehensively analyse the geometric performance of structures, which consequently leads to the development of more complete conclusions concerning prevention of adverse effects of displacements and deformations in engineering structures.
Virtual resolution enhancement: A new enhancement tool for seismic data
Authors: A. Rashed Mohamed , Atef Ali H.
Published: July 2020

Virtual resolution enhancement (VRE) is a new poststack cosmetic tool that can be applied to different types of seismic data. VRE emphasizes major reflections, enhances temporal resolution of seismic events, and suppresses reverberation noise, leading to better visualization of the entire seismic data. VRE is based on simple mathematical rule, and its parameters can be tweaked to suite the vast variety of seismic data available today. Although VRE does not reveal new or hidden features on seismic section, it significantly enhances the existing ones, which improves the interpretation and assists automatic horizon picking process. The only disadvantage of VRE is the long computational time. However, given the giant advances in the computational power and speed expected in the near future, this problem should be negligible. Tests conducted on seismic sections, collected from different regions in the world and went through different data acquisition and processing routines, prove the effectiveness of the VRE procedure.
Thermodynamic Theory of Diffusion and Thermodiffusion Coefficients in Multicomponent Mixtures
Authors: Shapiro Alexander A.
Published: July 2020

Transport coefficients (like diffusion and thermodiffusion) are the key parameters to be studied in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. For practical applications, it is important to predict them based on the thermodynamic parameters of a mixture under study: pressure, temperature, composition, and thermodynamic functions, like enthalpies or chemical potentials. The current study develops a thermodynamic framework for such prediction. The theory is based on a system of physically interpretable postulates; in this respect, it is better grounded theoretically than the previously suggested models for diffusion and thermodiffusion coefficients. In fact, it translates onto the thermodynamic language of the previously developed model for the transport properties based on the statistical fluctuation theory. Many statements of the previously developed model are simplified and amplified, and the derivation is made transparent and ready for further applications. The

n
(
n
+
1
)
/
2

n(n+1)/2

independent Onsager coefficients are reduced to

2
n
+
1

2n+1

determining parameters: the emission functions and the penetration lengths. The transport coefficients are expressed in terms of these parameters. These expressions are much simplified based on the Onsager symmetry property for the phenomenological coefficients. The model is verified by comparison with the known expressions for the diffusion coefficients that were previously considered in the literature.
Crystal structure of hexanedihydrazide, C6H14N4O2
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: July 2020

C6H14N4O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.2878(3) Å, b = 4.8442(1) Å, c = 7.0931(1) Å, β = 97.546(2)°, V = 418.557(15) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0290, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0829, T = 100(2) K.
The Dramatization of Emotions inIliad24.552–658
Authors: Xian Ruobing
Published: July 2020

This article argues that the episode inIl. 24.552–658 involving Achilles and Priam brings out the hero’s ability to control his emotions – even if he did lose them momentarily – by means of his calculation of what will come next. This interpretation fits the compositional structure of the epic, whose closure is highlighted by the hero’s dramatized emotions in his encounter with the Trojan king.
Pain perception in chronic knee osteoarthritis with varying levels of pain inhibitory control: an exploratory study
Authors: Teixeira Paulo E. P. , Zehry Hanan I. , Chaudhari Swapnali , Dipietro Laura , Fregni Felipe
Published: July 2020

Background and aims

Pain is a disabling symptom in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Dysfunction of descending pain modulatory pathways and reduced pain inhibition enhance pain facilitation in many chronic pain syndromes but do not fully explain pain levels in chronic musculoskeletal conditions. The objective of this study is to explore the association of clinical variables with pain intensity perception in KOA individuals with varying levels of Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) response.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional, exploratory analysis using baseline data of a randomized clinical trial investigating the effects of a non-invasive brain stimulation treatment on the perception of pain and functional limitations due to KOA. Sixty-three subjects with KOA were included in this study. Data on pain perception, mood perception, self-reported depression, physical function, quality of life, and quantitative sensory testing was collected. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the association between the clinical variables with pain perception for individuals with different levels of CPM response.

Results

For KOA patients with limited CPM response, perception of limitations at work/other activities due to emotional problems and stress scores were statistically significantly associated with pain scores, F(2, 37) = 7.02, p < 0.01. R-squared = 0.275. For KOA patients with normal CPM response, general health perception scores were statistically significantly associated with pain scores, F(1, 21) = 5.60, p < 0.05. R-squared = 0.2104. Limitations of this study include methodology details, small sample size and study design characteristics.

Conclusions

Pain intensity perception is associated differently with clinical variables according to the individual CPM response. Mechanistic models to explain pain perception in these two subgroups of KOA subjects are discussed.
Disclosure of Medical Confidentiality in Criminal Proceedings and Criminal Liability of a Doctor
Authors: Plebanek Ewa
Published: July 2020

The paper is devoted to the conflict between the duty to protect medical confidentiality and the interests of justice in criminal proceedings and substantive criminal law. The article contains considerations on medical confidentiality in relation to the legal and social obligation to notify authorities on the commission of a criminal act, as well as the maintenance of medical confidentiality in evidence proceedings in a situation where a doctor acts as a witness (taking into account the issues of protection of the so-called psychiatric secrecy and the secrecy of the doctor assisting the accused as regards the patient’s statements concerning the commission of a criminal act). A situation in which the obligation to keep medical secrecy limits the possibility for the depositary to exercise the right of defence is also analysed. In addition to proposals for resolving the presented conflict-of-law situations, the issue of attributing criminal liability to a doctor for the offence of not informing law enforcement authorities about the commission of a prohibited act (Article 240 paragraph 1 of the Penal Code) and the offence of disclosing professional secrecy against the provisions of the Act (Article 266 paragraph 1 of the Penal Code) in the presented conflict-of-law situations is considered.
The Professional Secrets of a Sexologist from the Perspective of Ethical and Legal Dilemmas: A Case Study
Authors: Kmieciak Błażej
Published: July 2020

Over the past few years, the topic of sexual violence has repeatedly returned in social discussions. This is an issue that on one hand is shocking. On the other hand, however, this topic is associated with the emergence of interest, which causes the emergence of numerous dilemmas, questions and doubts. Analyzing the problem of sexual violence, very often (rightly) we focus on the victim. We wonder how we can give him/her advice, support and help. Securing the rights of victims is key here. The emergence of appropriate procedures is particularly important in a situation where there is information about a paedophilia crime.

The protection of children’s rights has recently been a key area of interest in Poland: media, journalists, social activists and scientists. Emerging information on the sexual exploitation of children by public trust professionals is a constant challenge that aims to increase the level of safety of the smallest citizens. In the contexts discussed here, information about the perpetrator of a sexual crime appears from time to time. Inevitably, we may encounter a question about the past of a person suspected of sexual violence. Sometimes, public opinion gets information according to which the person has undergone therapy or treatment.

This situation causes the inevitable conflict to arise in these situations. On the one hand, we have the priceless and especially well-placed child’s right to protection against violence. On the other hand, however, we can see the emerging problem of the protection of the secrecy of the therapeutic relationship, in which the participant was a person suspected of committing a paedophilia crime. This topic is of particular importance in the context of sexologists’ profession. From a legal and medical perspective, this is a special profession. Are its representatives obliged to maintain special confidentiality? Can they give up the principle of therapeutic confidentiality in certain situations? Perhaps there are situations in which they are legally obliged to the above exemptions. What should the scenario of the sexologist’s activities be like when ethical and legal norms collide?

The proposed article will attempt to answer these questions. This action will be based on a case study.
Medical Confidentiality in French Law
Authors: Danilewicz-Prokorym Wiktoria
Published: July 2020

The article deals with medical confidentiality in French law. It describes its roots and current legal form based on the provisions of the French Penal Code and the Public Health Code. The article, referring to the current legal regulations and jurisprudence, characterizes the subjective and subjective scope of medical secrecy by analyzing in detail the entities obliged to keep it and its content. The text lists exceptions to the obligation of medical secrecy and attempts to characterize the concept of “common medical secrecy”. Part of the study is also devoted to the doctor’s relations with third parties and medical secrecy after the patient’s death.
Protection of Medical Privilege in eHealth
Authors: Konopka Katarzyna
Published: July 2020

This article exposes legal and moral concerns regarding medical privilege and safety of patients’ medical data in association with the area of eHealth. Digital technology in modern society provides unbelievable opportunities for patients, but also challenges for their privacy. The availability and incorporation of digital technology in almost every aspect of life provides not only opportunities, but also challenges. The security of medical information in the context of medical privilege seems to be at risk, especially in the mHealth area.

This article focuses on the emerging privacy issues regarding medical privilege in eHealth. The article analyzes the framework for eHealth in the Polish legal system, with consideration of current legal acts, in relation to medical privilege and security of patients’ data, especially in m Health and the Internet of Things. Due to the delicate nature of information about patients in medicine, it is strongly needed to balance the safeguarding of data and privacy with the development of eHealth.
El papel de la justicia social como interviniente en la paz judía: la tsedaqá
Authors: García Arévalo Tania María
Published: July 2020

Uno de los preceptos de la religión judía, contenido tanto en la ley escrita como en la ley oral, es el de la tsedaqá. Este concepto, que podría traducirse como “rectitud”, se aproximaría al ámbito de la justicia social, en el sentido de que su objetivo sería paliar o revertir aquellas situaciones de desigualdad contenidas dentro de la sociedad a través de los actos de caridad de sus integrantes. Su práctica continuada por parte de los piadosos llevaría, por lo tanto, al tikkun ha-olam; esto es, a conseguir una mejora de la sociedad cuya consecuencia final sería la reparación del mundo, ya que el objetivo de paz estaría completo o más próximo a su conclusión. En estas páginas nos centraremos en el desarrollo de este término y en el modo en que ha sido transmitido oralmente a través de la literatura en época contemporánea como valor dentro de una cultura educativa.
Leadership and Post-Conflict State Rebuilding: Iraq after 2003 Case Study
Authors: Ali Inass Abdulsada , Qati Sana Kadhim Qati , Alwan Batool Hussain
Published: July 2020

The Iraqi political and social arena has been characterized, subjectively and objectively, by the weakness of leadership building. This has led to a leadership crisis, reflected in the quality of the outcome of the process of rebuilding the state in Iraq. Thus, this building process lacked the simplest requirements and conditions of success. It suffered from a major and obvious failure: the situation in Iraq has raised conflict leaders, not building leaders, and this confirms the existence of a cultural crisis in the production of conscious, aware leadership compatible with democratic action. The weakness of the leadership in Iraq is reflected in a series of ongoing crises that require radical solutions in accordance with long-term strategic plans; the crises are especially reflected in the absence of building visions and the predominance of self-interest, along with the impact of social reality on leadership practices, which has an adverse effect on state-building.
A comparative evaluation of three dimensional accuracy of different types of interocclusal recording materials - an in vitro study
Authors: Dwivedi Aparna , Maru Kavita , Sharma Aakash
Published: July 2020

Introduction. The interocclusal registration materials record the occlusal relationship between the natural and /or artificial teeth for planning an occlusal rehabilitation in removable and fixed partial dentures.

Aim and objectives. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the accuracy and the three dimensional stability offered by three different types of interocclusal recording materials at storage time intervals of 1 hour and 24 hours.

Methods. Three commercially available interocclusal recording materials were used - Group I - Polyether bite registration paste (Ramitec), Group II- Polyvinylsiloxane bite registration material (Imprint), Group III- Bite registration wax (Maarc).The test was carried out using an epoxy resin model. A total of 30 samples were made with each group consisting of ten samples. Three dimensional measurements were carried out by using 3D-Coordinate measuring machine (CMM) at time intervals of 0-1 hour and 0-24 hours in X, Y and Z- axis.  

Results. Twelve readings were obtained for three axes (4 readings for each sample at 1 axis) and the averages of these four values were noted for a particular axis (X/Y/Z). Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for comparison among the groups and then Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) tests was performed for comparison among groups at the 0.05 level of significance.

Conclusion. Polyvinylsiloxane was dimensionally the most stable material followed by polyether and finally bite registration wax. Dimensional accuracy and stability is influenced by both “material” and “time” factors.
Neuzugang von äthiopischen Handschriften an die Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preußischer Kulturbesitz
Authors: Six Veronika
Published: July 2020

As already practiced before Aethiopica has become the medium for the description of newly acquired Ethiopian manuscripts. The Oriental section of the Berlin State Library has received two MSS: one containing praises for the Virgin and the other one, a Mäzmurä Dawit, decorated with several miniatures.
Harold C. Fleming: Ongota: a Decisive Language in African Prehistory
Authors: Savà Graziano , Tosco Mauro
Published: July 2020

Review Article
Bernard Leeman: Queen of Sheba and Biblical Scholarship
Authors: Weigelt Frank
Published: July 2020

Review
I rituali musicali dello zikri a Harar, Etiopia
Authors: Tarsitani Simone
Published: July 2020

Dissertation Abstract
Die Märtyrer von Nagrān und das Ende der Ḥimyar. Zur politischen Geschichte Südarabiens im frühen sechsten Jahrhundert
Authors: Nebes Norbert
Published: July 2020

There is no other period within the pre-islamic history of Arabia providing such a number of different – literary and epigraphical – documents as the conflict between the ḥimyarites and the Abyssinians. In the 520s these struggles having also a strong religious-political connotation culminated in defeating and killing the South Arabian King Yūsuf (ḏū Nuwās) and the occupation of large parts of the Yemen by the Abyssinians, who were supported by the then great power Byzantium. Taking into consideration the current state of research the article gives a review of the course of events.
Abbebe Kifleyesus:Tradition and Transformation: The Argobba of Ethiopia
Authors: Braukämper Ulrich
Published: July 2020

Review
Paulos Milkias and Getachew Metaferia (edited by): The Battle of Adwa. Reflections on Ethiopia’s Historic Victory against European Colonialism
Authors: Guazzini Federica
Published: July 2020

Review
26.–28. Oktober 2007 in Berlin: 12. wissenschaftliche Konferenz des Orbis Aethiopicus: “Äthiopische Kulturgeschichte von Aksum bis zum Vorabend des dritten Millenniums”
Authors: Braukämper Ulrich
Published: July 2020

Conference Review
Dorothea McEwan - Gerd Gräber - Johannes Hock: Das Skizzenbuch Eduard Zanders (1813-1868)
Authors: Smidt Wolbert G.C.
Published: July 2020

Review
Anbessa Teferra - Grover Hudson: Essentials of Amharic
Authors: Guss-Kosicka Marlene
Published: July 2020

Review
Verbless Relative Clauses in Gǝʿǝz and their Equivalents in Amharic and Tigrinya
Authors: Kapeliuk Olga
Published: July 2020

The most frequent and most typical relative clauses in Gǝʿǝz have a verbal predicate, but also nominal, or in other terms verbless, sentences may be relativized. Since Gǝʿǝz has no copula, nominal sentences are composed of the subject and of the predicative complement of a zero copula only. Considering that in sentences with relative clauses the headnoun stands outside the relative clause, all that is left in the latter is the relative pronoun and what acts as the predicative complement. Hence the nominal relative clauses have a much reduced structure and may be interpreted wrongly as one-member sentences.
In memoriam Merid Wolde Aregay (1934/35–2008)
Authors: Triulzi Alessandro
Published: July 2020

Obituary
Claire Bosc-Tiessé: Les îles de la mémoire. Fabrique des images et écriture de l'histoire dans les églises du lac Tana, Éthiopie, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Six Veronika
Published: July 2020

Review
Ewald Wagner: Harar. Annotierte Bibliographie zum Schrifttum über die Stadt und den Islam in Südostäthiopien
Authors: Smidt Wolbert G.C.
Published: July 2020

Review
Anthony O'Mahony (ed.): The Christian Communities of Jerusalem and the Holy Land. Studies in History, Religion and Politics
Authors: Böll Verena
Published: July 2020

Review
Alessandro Bausi: La “Vita” e i “Miracoli” di Libānos
Authors: Lusini Gianfrancesco
Published: July 2020

Review
Miles Bredin: The Pale Abyssinian – A Life of James Bruce, African Explorer and Adventurer
Authors: Gerhardt Ludwig
Published: July 2020

Review
Bogdan Burtea - Joseph Tropper - Helen Younansardaroud (Hrsg.): Studia Semitica et Semitohamitica. Festschrift für Rainer Voigt anläßlich seines 60. Geburtstages am 17. Januar 2004
Authors: Waltisberg Michael
Published: July 2020

Review
Verena Böll - Denis Nosnitsin - Thomas Rave - Wolbert Smidt - Evgenia Sokolinskaia (eds.): Studia Aethiopica. In Honour of Siegbert Uhlig on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday
Authors: Crummey Donald
Published: July 2020

Review
Foodborne zoonotic agents and their food bioterrorism potential: Areview
Authors: Tumbarski Y.D.
Published: July 2020

Bioterrorism is anact of deliberate release and dissemination of biological agents such as pathogenicmicroorganisms or their products in a naturally occurring or human-modifiedform. Bioterrorist attacks are aimed at causing death, disease or otherbiological malfunction in humans, animals or plants, in order to achievecertain political goals through creating fear and panic among the populationand influencing government’s behaviour. Historical data showed that zoonoticpathogens have been most commonly used as agentsfor bioterrorism. Applied through the food production systems or directly toprocessed foods asbiologicalweapons, zoonotic pathogens canhavefast anddevastating effects on humanhealth with enormous economic andsocial impact. Despite the development of different countermeasuresand the application of hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP)systems in the food industry, the bioterrorists’ attacks as intentional actscannot be predicted, but could be avoided by strengthening food control measures.
Membership in association, gender and adoption of land-enhancing technologies among arable farmers in Ogun state, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemo R. , Kehinde A.D.
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This study investigated the effect of membership in farmers’ association on adoption rate of land-enhancing technologies in Ogun State, Nigeria by gender. Specifically, it describes the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers by gender, identifies land-enhancing technologies adopted by farmers in the study area, determines the adoption rates of the technologies by gender, and determines the membership in farmers’ association on the adoption and intensity of use of land-enhancing technologies by gender. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select 120 respondents for the study. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Cragg’s (double-hurdle) model. The results of the descriptive statistics, which are expressed by gender, reveal that the sampled population were majorly comprised of males (58%), than females (42%). The level of association membership was 54% for females and 35.29% for males, and only 33.82% of the respondents had contact with extension agents. The results also show that 17.65% of males and 10% of females did not adopt any technology. The results from the Cragg’s double hurdle model show that extension contact significantly influenced the adoption of most of the technologies. It had a positive relationship with the adoption of all the technologies across both genders, except for organic manure whose adoption was negatively influenced. It is therefore recommended that relevant governments and stakeholders improve extension services, as well as consider farming associations as means of getting across to female famers in order to improve their adoption levels and productivity.
Sodium alginate and pectin estimation in raft forming pharmaceuticals by high performance liquid chromatography method
Authors: Hanif Muhammad , Shah Shahid , Rasool Nasir , Abbas Ghulam , Saadullah Malik , Khan Sajid Mehmood , Ahmed Muhammad Masood , Abbas Nazar , Ashfaq Mehran , Iqbal Omeira
Published: July 2020

The high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the combined estimation of sodium alginate and pectin in raft forming pharmaceuticals on C18 column ZORBAX ODS (1.5 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with UV detection at 378 nm. The assay condition comprised of phosphate buffer pH 7.4 and methanol 60:40% v/v at a flow rate of 1.25 mL/min. The separation of sodium alginate and pectin with good resolution and a retention time less than 8 min was attained. The method was linear over a range of 200–800 μg/mL of sodium alginate and pectin. The regression values obtained from linearity curve of sodium alginate and pectin were 0.9993 and 0.9991, respectively. The retention time of sodium alginate and pectin was 3.931 and 7.470 min, respectively. The percent recovery of sodium alginate and pectin ranged from 94.2–98.5% and 92.1–98.4% respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of sodium alginate were found to be 2.443 and 3.129 μg/mL and the LOD and LOQ of pectin were 3.126 and 3.785 μg/mL, respectively. The resolution of sodium alginate and pectin was found in the range of 1.03–1.89 and 1.10–1.91, respectively. This method has been successfully applied to analyze the concentrations of sodium alginate and pectin in raft forming drug delivery systems.
Pest Risk Management in Trade: The Opportunity from Using Integrated Combined Measures in a Systems Approach (ISPM 14)
Authors: Quinlan M. Megan , Leach Adrian , Jeger Michael , Mumford John
Published: July 2020

During the International Year of Plant Health, the role of pest risk management in trade is reemphasised. Systems Approach uses a combination of measures to reduce pest risk, making it more robust against failure than a single pre-export phytosanitary measure. The original context for
formalising Systems Approach in an International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM 14) is considered next to today's global situation. A summary of advantages and challenges for implementation concludes with recommendations. The use of decision support tools is highlighted as one way
to increase confidence in the efficacy of a system that may include very different types of measures with varying kinds of supportive evidence. Ultimately trust and confidence between trade partners is key to finding pest risk management that allows safe trade. At a time of global economic
stress, this article encourages those involved in trade to embrace Systems Approach as an effective approach to preventing the spread of plant pests, as coordinated by the International Plant Protection Convention and its over 180 member countries.
Using International Trade Data to Inform the Plant Health and Biosecurity Response in the UK
Authors: Spence Nicola , Grant Sam
Published: July 2020

Plants are essential for supporting human life, providing food, oxygen and medicine as well as benefits to health from interacting with nature. Plants also play a crucial role in ecosystems and in mitigating the effects of climate change. The importance of plants to humans and to the
environment is gaining a higher level of attention in today's political and social landscape. The Great Britain Plant Health and Biosecurity Strategy will be updated this year to reflect upcoming challenges for maintaining high biosecurity standards while the Tree Health Resilience Strategy
protects our trees going forward, allowing for adaption to environmental change and building resilience to future threats. Additionally, 2020 is the FAO's International Year of Plant Health providing a unique opportunity to raise the profile of plant heath further on a global scale. Critical
to biosecurity is the global trade in plants and plant commodities which may offer us the option to grow plants that are more suited to a future, warmer climate and thus more resilient to climate change, but which brings with it an increased risk of invasive pests and diseases. It is important
that we protect our native species and minimise the risks of introducing new pests and diseases. The UK's plant health regime aims to manage that risk to protect the value of plants and trees, both as crops and forestry products, as well as ecosystem services and societal benefits. The UK
is a net importer of plants and plant commodities and it is the role of the Plant Health and Seeds Inspectorate (PHSI) and the Forestry Commission (FC) to carry out checks on imported material. Given that there are over 1,000 pests on the UK Plant Health Risk Register the challenge cannot
be understated. It is unrealistic to expect that we can provide effective protection from all pests and diseases so potentially serious pests which are identified by the UK Plant Health Risk Group are subject to a detailed pest risk analysis (PRA) following internationally agreed methodologies.
Import inspections are risk-based and use the outcomes of the PRA as the basis for focusing resource to the highest threats. The experimental statistics released by Defra in March 2020 'Plant Health – international trade and controlled consignments, 2014–2018' were developed
to address some of the evidence gaps around plant health related trade and the value of plant health, and to provide users with information on the work of import inspectors.
On the trace of powers of square matrices
Authors: PATİL Kailash
Published: July 2020

Using Cayley-Hamilton equation for matrices, we obtain a simple formula for trace of powers of a square matrix. The formula becomes simpler in particular cases. As a consequence, we also demonstrate the formula for trace of negative powers of a matrix.
Some Laplace transforms and integral representations for parabolic cylinder functions and error functions
Authors: VEESTRAETEN Dirk
Published: July 2020

This paper uses the convolution theorem of the Laplace transform to derive new inverse Laplace transforms for the product of two parabolic cylinder functions in which the arguments may have opposite sign. These transforms are subsequently specialized for products of the error function and its complement thereby yielding new integral representations for products of the latter two functions. The transforms that are derived in this paper also allow to correct two inverse Laplace transforms that are widely reported in the literature and subsequently uses one of the corrected expressions to obtain two new definite integrals for the generalized hypergeometric function.
Addendum to ``Ideal Rothberger spaces" [Hacet. J. Math. Stat. 47(1), 69-75, 2018]
Authors: BHARDWAJ Manoj
Published: July 2020

In this addendum we give an example to show that there is an error in Theorem 3.7 in ``Ideal Rothberger spaces" [Hacet. J. Math. Stat. 47(1), 69-75, 2018]. We also prove the theorem with different hypothesis.
“Just My Being Here is Self-Advocacy”: Exploring the Self-Advocacy Experiences of Disabled Graduate Students of Color
Authors: Karpicz Julia Rose
Published: July 2020

Self-advocacy is emphasized as a critical practice for improving the retention and increasing the success of disabled students. In higher education, disability service offices and academic researchers jointly shape the conversation around what comprises effective self-advocacy. Students who are not engaging in these prescribed strategies are then framed as underprepared and/or lacking the skills required to self-advocate effectively. Unexamined within this discourse are how identity, power, and environment shape students’ self-advocacy as well as the ways students engage in self-advocacy outside of normative accommodation structures. This study intervenes by examining the extent to which dominant scholarly and practitioner understandings of self-advocacy align, resonate, and/or diverge from the lived experiences of self-advocacy among disabled graduate students of color. By centering the voices of multiply marginalized students, this study raises questions about what may be obscured when scholars rely only on academic definitions of self-advocacy in the design, framing, and analysis of their research.
“From White Deaf People’s Adversity to Black Deaf Gain”: A Proposal for a New Lens of Black Deaf Educational History
Authors: Tsegay Moges Rezenet
Published: July 2020

This paper re-visits Bauman and Murray’s (2014) “Deaf Gain,” using the perspectives of Black Deaf history.  Due to the enforcement of the Oral policy in U.S. educational system during 1890s through 1960s, the language transmission of American Sign Language (ASL) for many generations of White Deaf people were fractured (Gannon, 1981).  During the segregation, approximately 81.25% of the Black Deaf schools maintained their signed education, which ironically provided better education than the White-only schools.  Consequently, the language variation of Black Deaf people in the South, called as “Black ASL” (McCaskill et al., 2011), flourished due to the historical adversity of White Deaf experience.  Thus, the sustainability of Black ASL empowered this ethnic group of American Deaf community, which I am re-framing to what I call “Black Deaf Gain” and presenting a different objective of the ontology of Black Deaf experience.
Kidney Disease-Associated APOL1 Variants Have Dose-Dependent, Dominant Toxic Gain-of-Function
Authors: Datta Somenath , Kataria Rama , Zhang Jia-Yue , Moore Savannah , Petitpas Kaitlyn , Mohamed Adam , Zahler Nathan , Pollak Martin R. , Olabisi Opeyemi A.
Published: July 2020

Significance Statement

APOL1 alleles G1 and G2 are associated with high incidence and rapid progression of CKD in blacks of West African ancestry. The mechanism of APOL1 cytotoxicity is poorly understood, partly because cell-based models express variable amounts of APOL1 and yield contradictory results. Experiments using a stable human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293) demonstrate that expression of G1 or G2 at relevant levels causes dose-dependent cytotoxicity, but the wild-type reference allele G0 does not. G0 does not reduce cytotoxicity of G1 or G2 APOL1. The mutant alleles therefore introduce a dominant toxic gain-of-function. Dose-dependent G1 or G2 cytotoxicity could explain incomplete penetrance of APOL1 nephropathy. Reducing expression of G1 or G2 could represent a therapeutic strategy for APOL1 nephropathy.

Background

Two coding renal risk variants (RRVs) of the APOL1 gene (G1 and G2) are associated with large increases in CKD rates among populations of recent African descent, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Mammalian cell culture models are widely used to study cytotoxicity of RRVs, but results have been contradictory. It remains unclear whether cytotoxicity is RRV-dependent or driven solely by variant-independent overexpression. It is also unknown whether expression of the reference APOL1 allele, the wild-type G0, could prevent cytotoxicity of RRVs.

Methods

We generated tetracycline-inducible APOL1 expression in human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells and examined the effects of increased expression of APOL1 (G0, G1, G2, G0G0, G0G1, or G0G2) on known cytotoxicity phenotypes, including reduced viability, increased swelling, potassium loss, aberrant protein phosphorylation, and dysregulated energy metabolism. Furthermore, whole-genome transcriptome analysis examined deregulated canonical pathways.

Results

At moderate expression, RRVs but not G0 caused cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner that coexpression of G0 did not reduce. RRVs also have dominant effects on canonical pathways relevant for the cellular stress response.

Conclusions

In HEK293 cells, RRVs exhibit a dominant toxic gain-of-function phenotype that worsens with increasing expression. These observations suggest that high steady-state levels of RRVs may underlie cellular injury in APOL1 nephropathy, and that interventions that reduce RRV expression in kidney compartments may mitigate APOL1 nephropathy.
The Increasing Deflationary Impact of Consumer Digital Access Services
Authors: Byrne David M. , Corrado Carol A.
Published: July 2020

Although U.S. consumer price statistics are prone to upward bias, they remain useful if imperfect accounting has a known and stable effect (Boskin et al., 1998; Moulton, 2018). For example, monetary authorities may set a target for