bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
History of the development of inclusive education abroad
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Holovko Nataliya , Balashova Svitlana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2021

The article identifies the features of inclusive education, in particular, describes the content of this education abroad, in countries such as the United States, Italy, Germany. Scientists interpret inclusive education as a comprehensive system of educational services that takes into account the peculiarities of psychophysical development of all students. The forms and methods used in the learning process reveal the individual capabilities and potential of the student. Inclusive educational services cover all aspects of the student's academic and social life and include the formation of an individual curriculum, the creation of a favorable educational environment, the provision of support services of specialists The generalization and systematization of foreign materials allowed us to determine that at the present stage of development of society there is a strengthening of international cooperation between many countries, due to the pedagogical and social significance of inclusion.
TOLERANCE AS A VALUE OF A FUTURE HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHER
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Levytska Liudmyla
Published: December 2021

Approaches to the interpretation of the term "tolerance" are revealed. The preparation of the future teacher for the formation of tolerance as an important component of the system of his professional training is outlined. The organizational and pedagogical conditions of activity of the institution of higher education which provide preparation of future teachers for formation of tolerance in them are defined.
BOLOGNA PROCESS IN UKRAINE: TRENDS, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Spitsyn Yevhenii , Leshchenko Victoria ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2021

The study analyzed the process of transformation of the higher education system in Ukraine within the framework of the Bologna process principles implementation; the current state, problems and degree of key provisions implementation under the Bologna Declaration are characterized; the tendencies of development of the Bologna process in Ukraine are pointed out; possible ways to increase the efficiency of the higher education system of Ukraine have been identified.
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT LEARNING OUTCOMES AND METHODS OF THEIR EVALUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Plakhotnik Olga , Kondratiuk Alla , Khanina Nadezhda
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of significance of learning outcomes for the education system at the international, national and institutional levels. The authors analyze the significance and approaches to the assessment of learning outcomes according to the new system and structure of European qualifications. The article also presents the types of evaluation of learning outcomes, their criteria and practical significance. The provided material allowed to highlight the main advantages and possible problems of implementing a learning system based on results. Learning outcomes are playing an increasingly prominent role in higher education. However, at the European level, this process focuses mainly on the general development of new systems and structures. This is confirmed by the approach based on learning outcomes, which agrees on the level of European policy and, in particular, on the level of policy in higher education institutions. Learning outcomes can be applied at different levels: institutional, national and international which determines their definition and the meaning. At the institutional level, learning outcomes (curriculum implementation, learning and assessment) can be used to express learning outcomes at the unit or module level. At the same time, they explain to students what exactly is required of them, as well as what skills / competencies and abilities they will receive after successful completion of training. For the teacher, the learning outcomes can clarify what the module will give and how it will be combined with the appropriate assessment. The requirement to make the teaching and learning processes more transparent and clearer presents a challenge for all those involved in education. In the short term, it has to do with preparing for the urgent task of formulating modules and programs in terms of learning outcomes. In the longer term, adopting a learning outcomes approach has the potential to help adopt a more systematic approach to program and module development.
THE ESSENCE OF THE SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL PRINCIPLES FOR ACCOMPANYING FOREIGN STUDENTS
Authors:   Donbas State College of Technology and Management, Slutskyi Yaroslav ,   Donbas State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2021

The article researches the impact of adaptation principles on drawing up the effective preparatory system. The importance of applying the principles for the analytical activities implementation in the social and pedagogical process for accompanying a foreign student is revealed. The significance of principles for the renovation of the preparatory program is considered. It is determined that the adaptation principles, with timely practical application, contribute to the creation and development of relationships between all components of the process for accompanying a foreign student, which makes it possible for the system to emerge.
OBJECTIVITY OF TEACHERS' PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITY IN THE LEARNING PROCESS
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Zvarych Iryna
Published: December 2021

The aim of the research is to focus on the objectivity of teachers' pedagogical activity in the learning process at universities and to show the connection of this problem with philosophical teaching. The methodological basis of the study is the basic principles of philosophy on dialectical relationships, the interdependence of phenomena and processes of socio-pedagogical activities, the role of the individuality in the development of its material and spiritual foundations. The research uses a systematic approach to identify the scale, complexity, integrity and dynamics of the study of the objectivity of pedagogical activities of teachers in the learning process.
TRUTH, REALISM, RELATIVISM: INTERCONNECTION AND RECIPROCAL DEFINABILITY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Laktionova Anna
Published: December 2021

In the contemporary English-language philosophy the problems of truth, realism, and relativism appear actual and interconnected; this evidences reciprocal complementarity and definability between metaphysics, epistemology and methodologies of philosophical investigations. In the article relevant views of prominent today philosophers – Paul Boghossian, Crispin Wright, JC Beall – are comparatively analyzed. In the considered articles the ordinary view on dispute of inclinations is analyzed in competition with other possible interpretations. For example, one person likes stewed rhubarb, another – doesn’t. This is a case of true disagreement: each person maintains the position that another denies. Such disagreement Wright calls the dispute of inclinations; ordinary view on dispute of inclinations involves: really incompatible attitudes (contradiction), the faultlessness of each side, rational maintaining of the view in spite of obvious unresolved disagreement (sustainability). According to Boghossian the attitude of relativism involves tree components: metaphysical – denying of “absolute” facts of a certain type (from some specific investigative domain) in favor of relative; recommendational – permission to accept only appropriate relative propositions; limiting – about meanings which allow unexpected parameters that relativize. Beall advocates “Polarity View” and fruitfully applies it to analyze the ordinary view. Modeling of the former involves: concepts of truthmakers, positive and negative polarity, atomic facts, situational semantics. The formal modeling and philosophical explanation coincide. Each of the authors defends realism and correspondence understanding of truth (in particular truth as relation of proposition’s correspondence to a fact); and also opposes relativism. At the same time, relativism turns out to be an inevitable (at least implicitly inherent to all three authors) tendency, which testifies to at least the contextual (Boghossian) relativity of non-cognitive concepts or competencies (Wright); functional fixation of facts in their application (Beall).
TAKING PHILOSOPHICAL GROUNDS OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DEBATE SERIOUSLY
Authors:   UGSM-Monarch Business School Switzerland, Mir  Mohammadi Seyed  Mohammad  Hossei
Published: December 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an important sphere in applied ethics. Different CSR theories have been presented during decades. Some of them are compatible with each other while some others are not. By focusing merely on the contents, it seems impossible to evaluate the different theories or to explain why different CSR theories and programs have been presented. However, this paper suggests that the variety of the debate comes from the (philosophical) grounds these theories are based. These grounds, as roots of CSR theories, can well explain, classify and evaluate different types of CSR theories. As a result of the philosophical classification and evaluation, it has been concluded that two types of CSR theories, pure and enlighten egoistic CSR, cannot be philosophically preferred. Instead, spiritual-egoistic CSR theories present better contents and programs in comparison with their rivals. Finally, as a suggestion for future investigations, it seems necessary for all CSR theories to both clarify and justify their grounds prior to presenting any other discussions.
VISUAL STUDIES: SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Pavlova Olena
Published: December 2021

The establishment of Visual Studies area is the result of reflection over the crisis experience not only logocentric one but also over linguistic turns in the field of cultural research, as well as the crisis of images overproduction, which requires other approaches and criteria in production and consumption of video products. The methodological guideline of this research field is not only the extrapolation of research methods of high culture into everyday life, but also the study of the iconic power, including those techniques of visualization of non-visual (for example, not things themselves, but the relationship between things, scientific data, software and etc.), which are offered by contemporary culture as new objects of vision. The visual turn has become the result of a shift in the field of humanities, which captures not only the interest for visual sources of scientific knowledge, but also the specifics of methods and techniques for studying any cultural phenomena, as well as criticism of the absolutization of textual research methods. Writing is defined as a visual practice in its relation to others. In this context, visuality is substantiated as a new cultural phenomenon in the logic of culture de-differentiation (in particular image and text), as well as a separate subject of scientific research. The place of visual culture in the structure of visual studies is defined as an area that explores first of all not objects that can be seen (especially separate classes of such objects, such as works of fine art), but their connection with “optical media” (F. Kittler) or" visual technology "(N. Mirzoeff), i.e those practices that determine the order of sight. The focus here is on the organization of visual practices in the perspective of technical optical media and video products ratio as an organization order of signifiers. Visual studies emphasize that video production of technical optical media dominates over the bodily parameters of perception (speed and ways of focusing, perception, recollection). The author of the article reflects on the conflicts of problematization of cultural and visual studies in Ukrainian humanities. In this context, the role of "Kyiv worldview and epistemological school" and the methodological meaning of the activity approach developed here are noted. The current state of visual studies and prospects for further development in this area is also defined.
THE PRINCIPLE OF PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE OF TWO SYSTEMS AND THE INTERPRETATION OF ITS THEORETICAL SOURCES IN RESEARCH ON THE HISTORY OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNION
Authors:   Beijing Normal University, Zou Chengzhang
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of the author’s study of the interpretation of the theoretical sources of the principle of peaceful coexistence of two systems in Soviet studies of the second half of the 20th century, devoted to the history of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The author established a chronological framework for studying the principle of peaceful coexistence of two systems in Soviet historiography, and revealed Soviet historiographic markers of this principle in the corpuses of the works of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels and Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin). The article also presents a historical description and analysis of the way Soviet historians of the party interpreted the principle of peaceful coexistence of two systems in the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. The author identified the historical features of Soviet historians’ interpretation of the principle of peaceful coexistence of two systems in the works of Vladimir Ulyanov (Lenin), systematized approaches to the interpretation of the theoretical sources of the principle of peaceful coexistence of two systems that were formed in Soviet studies on the history of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, revealed their structural features, and also developed a model for their typology.
Modelling of the analytical development of the Gothic future tense form
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Botsman Andriy , Dmytruk Olga ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Bondarenko Valeria ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to give the model, which demonstrates the development of the Future tense forms in the Gothic language. The initial stage of modelling the Future tense development includes the description of components according to their constituent features. It gives the possibility of tracing the gradual analytisation of corresponding grammatical form, and finding out latent features, which are characteristic for differentiated grammatical forms creating and building the set of Germanic future tense formal structures. The subject of the investigation are peculiarities of formation mechanism of temporal verb forms for projecting the action into the future. To describe the future action the Gothic language used forms of the Present tense involving phrase or upper phrase context. Within the Present tense forms a prefixal word formation model was found. The Greek future tense was translated involving prefixal and present forms in the Gothic language. The Gothic optative was involved to render the future tense. The present tense forms gain future meaning under the influence of aspect-tense specificity, which is recognized as futurelizing factor. Functions of the aspect-tense specificity may be performed with phrase or upper phrase context and syntactical structures with definitely represented semantics. Distinguished present tense constructions create the primary pivot, which is a basis for further development of the Gothic future tense forms. Gothic analytical structures with participle or infinitive were formed involving inchoative, strong, preterite present verbs. These structures are recognized as compound verbal predicates. Analytical structures cover the pivot creating coaxial cylinders. The whole model may be recognized as divergent-rotational because representing the Gothic future tense forms model itself "moves" along the temporal axis. Multilevel model structure demonstrates the fact that analytical forms are changeable in the gravitation. The comparison of divergent-rotational model components and peculiarities of their arrangement indicates and the caudal development of the Future tense forms in the Gothic language. Tendencies found and distinguished as initial, primary in the Gothic language happen in the process of development of the Old Germanic languages. These tendencies are reflected in the Modern Germanic languages, too.
Textuality standards of goods labels and packaging
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Kovalchuk Iryna , Popivniak Olena ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: December 2021

This article deals with the food and drink names. Special attention is given to the peculiarities of goods names in the context of textuality. Names of the beverages and eatables verbalize all features, qualities and individual characteristics of these goods. They create the naming space that consists of four nominative components: brand, individual, genitive, and functional descriptive. These nominative components create the text of labels and packages. Four nominative components function as corresponding text information blocks. It means that food and drink names labels combine two spaces. The first space is naming that is represented with the integrated naming complex. The complex grasps four nominative components. The second space is informational that stores the necessary volume of information and creates a communicative background. The information scope is kept in the text construction. The whole volume is divided into four relevant text blocks. Together all these blocks form text boundaries which outline the text construction. This text construction is characterized with two interdependent features coexisting in the integrated naming complex such as cohesion and coherence. Cohesion is realized on the lexical level involving the mechanism of repetition which is the part of the interaction. On the other hand, the repetition may be complete (the naming unit is repeated literally) and partial (the naming unit is repeated partly). The repetition may be between nearest blocks (having common boundary) and distant blocks (without common boundary). There is some peculiarity in the structure of functional-descriptive text block which functions as a set of subblocks. These subblocks are grasped into four subblock clusters. It indicates that description of goods properties and their usage instructions are significant in the text construction of labels and packages. The results of the research broaden the set of naming units adding to word, phrase, and sentence the next unit recognized as a text.
Language innovations in the formation of media image of Ukraine
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Pliasun Olga
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the influence of language innovations on the construction of state image. The author defines the term "language innovations" as new words and phraseologisms that appear and actively function in the modern media space and form the image of Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the characteristics of the media sphere, which reproduces language innovations commensurate with the representative forms of the state image. The study singles out and systematically analyzes two vectors of influence of language innovations on the state image: 1) positive (therapeutic), associated with the development of new meanings of words, word-forming transformations, search for Ukrainian equivalents of borrowed lexemes, the emergence of new phraseologisms, evolution of youth slang, etc.; 2) negative (pathogenic), caused by destructive events in the economic, political, social spheres, the coronavirus pandemic, etc. The article proves that the positive image effect in the mass consciousness is created by the search for Ukrainian equivalents to borrowed lexemes, and not all of them are new. It is observed that the typical situation is the functioning of words in the media, which acquire a new meaning in mass communication. In addition, a positive author's assessment of new words is of great importance in the popularization of Ukrainian neolexemes in the media. The study emphasizes that an effective linguistic tool for promoting language innovations in the language consciousness of Ukrainians is creolization, which affects the mass recipient not only verbally but also nonverbally, which creates a positive image effect. In terms of image therapy, the author considers the development of Ukrainian youth slang, computer jargon, some lexemes from the slang of social networks with neutral semantics. The author takes into account and interprets the material of innovative dictionaries "New words and phraseologisms in Ukrainian mass media" (New words and phraseologisms in Ukrainian mass media: a dictionary / L.I. Shevchenko, D.Yu. Syzonov; editor-in -chief L.I. Shevchenko. Kyiv, Kyiv University, 2017-2021). Attention is drawn to the accumulation of lexemes in image texts, the semantics of which are related to crimes in digital communication and motivated by information warfare, non-compliance with the principles of online security, etc., which has a pathogenic effect, discrediting the state image. The statement about the use of language innovations in media texts for the purpose of both positive (therapeutic) and negative (pathogenic) influence on the state image is concluding. To a large extent, this depends on the context in which the neolexeme is used, the author's attitude to the described situation, as well as the level of media literacy, media education and critical thinking of the recipient of the media text.
Perfume and cosmetic naming register as the reflection of social stratification
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Nikiforova Yevheniia , Havryliuk Olha ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Galitska Elizaveta ,   Kyiv Gymnasium №86 "Consul"
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the perfume and cosmetic naming register investigation in the aspect of its function as a source of lexical units used for further formation of naming units. The objects of this research are basic naming components that are distinguished within the structure of naming complexes represented in perfume and cosmetic goods. The naming integrated complex which represents the perfume and cosmetic name consists of four nominative components functioning in the mutual correlation. The initial position is connected with the A-brand component, the second position correlates with the B-basic component, the third one is the C-generic name component and the last is the D-functional-descriptive component. The leading position belongs to the B-component as a bearer of the basic name representing the corresponding item on the consumer goods market. The market segment correlates with consumers' social and economic status mutually. The market segment net functions as a factor indicating and underlying social stratification in the perfume and cosmetic naming space. The goods names that belong to the natural language according to the source of their origin are divided into two substantial groups (names of onym origin, names of appellative origin). The first group is formed involving transonymisation, the second one includes onymisation and is divided into various lexico-semantic groups. The involvement of anthroponym and toponym registers for creating perfume names is based on the basic knowledge of the recipients. The appellative naming register is an inexhaustible source for inventing perfume names. The differentiation of the naming register in its appellative part led to the separation of nine lexico-grammatic groups. Borrowings create the third source of perfume names. The fourth source of perfume and cosmetic names comprises artificially created words. If the perfume and cosmetic naming integrated complex consists of four components, the perfume and cosmetic naming register consists of four groups as well. These groups were distinguished according to the ways of name creation. The social stratification is reflected in the register in various ways. The first is an extralinguistic one according to three market segments. This way correlates with the A-brand component. The second is a linguistic way and correlates with the B-basic component. The linguistic way of social stratification is divided into explicit and implicit.
ON SOME SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF TEACHING VERSATILE TRANSLATION AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Chernukha Irina , Rozhkova Mariia ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: December 2021

The general theory of translation is an interdisciplinary area, predominantly linguistic but also closely allied to psychology, ethnography, area studies, etc. It is based on the application of linguistic theory to a specific type of speech behavior, i.e. translation. Translation has a subject-matter of its own (the process of translation) and uses the data of contrastive linguistics merely as a point of departure. Translation may be viewed, as an interlingual communicative act in which at least 3 participants are involved: the sender of source information (the author of the SL message), the translator who acts in dual capacity – as the receptor of SL message and as the sender of the equivalent TL message and the receptor of the TL message (translation). In producing the TL text the translator changes its plan of expression (linguistic form) while its plan of content (meaning) should remain unchanged. That means, above all, that whatever the text says and whatever it implies should be understood in the same way by both the SL user for whom it was originally included and by the TL user. It is therefore the translator's duty to make available to the TL receptor the maximum amount of information, carried by linguistic signs, including both their denotational (referential) meanings (i.e. information about the extralinguistic reality which they denote) and their emotive-stylistic connotation. The Ukrainian legal terms such as післядипломна освіта "postgraduate education" and дошкільна освіта "preschool education" are both construed by means of affixation, or pre-fixation, to be more accurate.
The Complex Method for Measurement Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil, Water, Plant Products
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University of Ukraine, Tereshchenko Natalya , Khyzhan Olena ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Maksin Viktor ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Nesterova Kateryna ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The measurement of xenobiotics (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) group) in agricultural objects: soil, water, plant products was developed and tested by the high performance liquid chromatography method in this work. Our investigation was carried out by using laboratory samples taken from the research farm "Snitynka". Optimal modes of high-performance liquid chromatography method with a fluorescent detector (HPLC/FLD) were established for xenobiotics measurement: benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, benzo(e)pyrene, benzo(b)fluorine, chrysene and their mixtures. Metrological characteristics of PAHs measuring were established: the limit of quantitative analysis (LOQ = 1.0 μg/kg), the limit of detection (LOD = 0.25 μg/kg), measuring range 1.0 - 10.0 μg/kg, the total measurement error (%) for each xenobiotics content average did not exceed 20%. The approbation of the methodology was performed in series of 50 model samples in the concentration range of each xenobiotics from 1.0±0.1 μg/kg to 10.0±0.1 μg/kg and in series of 50 natural samples. It is established that the developed method allows to unify laboratory control of PAHs and improves the process of monitoring analysis of xenobiotics.
Method for Calculation of the Current Concentration of Alkali in the Electrolyte During the Water Electrolysis Process
Authors:   A.M. Pidhorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU, Rusanov Andrii , Solovey Victor ,   A.M. Pidhorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU, Zipunnikov Mykola ,   A.M. Pidhorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU, Semikin Vitaliy ,   A.M. Pidhorny Institute of Mechanical Engineering Problems of NASU
Published: December 2021

The article proposes a method for calculation of the current concentration of alkali in the electrolyte, taking into account the consumption and replenishment of feed water in the electrolyzer, which allows to estimate the specific electrical conductivity of the electrolyte during electrolysis process. This is important to increase the efficiency of the water electrolysis process. The calculated change of the current concentration of alkali in the electrolyte in high-pressure electrolyzers taking into account the volume of produced hydrogen is given. With the usage of the proposed method, it is established that the current concentrations of alkali in the electrolyte during the operation of the developed high-pressure electrolyzers are in the range of optimal concentrations, where the specific electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is close to maximum and changes according to alkali concentration change.
Difference spectrophotometric method for the determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride in tablets using peroxomonosulfate
Authors:   National University of Pharmacy, Blazheyevskiy Mykola , Moroz Valeriy ,   National University of Pharmacy, Mozgova Olena ,   National University of Pharmacy
Published: December 2021

The oxidative derivatization method using potassium hydrogenperoxomonosulfate for the indirect spectrophotometric determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride is presented. Potassium hydrogenperoxomonosulfate is introduced as a derivatizing agent for Fluphenazine hydrochloride, yielding the sulfoxide. This reaction product was successfully used for the spectrophotometric determination of the Fluphenazine hydrochloride. The UV spectroscopic detection of the sulfoxide proved to be a more robust and sensitive method. The elaborated method allowed the determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride in the concentration range of 0.2-30 µg mL-1. The molar absorptivity at 349 nm is 5.6×103 (dm3cm-1mol-1). The limit of quantification, LOQ (10S) is 0.24 µg/mL. A new spectrophotometric technique was developed and the possibility of quantitative determination of Fluphenazine hydrochloride in tablets 5.0 mg was demonstrated. The present method is precise, accurate and excipients did not interfere. RSD for Fluphenazine Hydrochloride 5.0 mg tablets was 1.37 %.
Chemical characteristics and health risk assessment of potential toxic elementsin atmospheric PM10 around Ashaka cement factory, Gombe, Nigeria
Authors:   University of Nigeria, Okoye Chukwuma , Okoye Chukwuma ,   University of Nigeria, Asegbeloyin Jonnie ,   University of Nigeria, Ihedioha Janefrances ,   University of Nigeria
Published: December 2021

The study determined the ambient mass concentrations, chemical composition and health risks associated with PM10 around Ashaka cement factory, Gombe, Nigeria. The samples were collected for the period (2019-2020). A total of 60 PM10 samples were collected and analyzed for seventeen elements using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The data collected were analyzed for descriptive and inferential statistics. The health risk was analyzed for hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI) and cancer risk (CR). The average annual PM10 mass concentrations were found to be higher than the annual limit value for air quality standards (40 μgm-3). The HI estimated were >1 for children, while CR values of Cd, Ni, As and Cr for children and Cr for adults were higher than the acceptable value 10-6, indicating children are more probable to develop cancer than adults.
Growth of the Archean sialic crust as revealed by zircon in the TTGs in eastern Finland
Authors:   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Hölttä Pentti , Mänttäri Irmeli ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo,   Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Finland, Huhma Hannu ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Kurhila Matti ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Ruotoistenmäki Tapio ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, Kontinen Asko ,   Geological Survey of Finland, Kuopio
Published: December 2021

U–Pb age determinations on zircon from granitoids in the Archean of eastern Finland were conducted using the SIMS, LA-ICP-MS and TIMS techniques, with an emphasis on low-HREE granitoids. The oldest rocks in the Fennoscandian Shield are 3.4–3.5 Ga. Several samples were collected close to these rocks, but none of the samples were as old, indicating that the oldest rocks are only small, possibly allochthonous fragments in the Neoarchean bedrock. Some tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) samples yielded homogeneous 2.72–2.73 Ga zircon populations, and in these samples, the initial εNd was also close to the depleted mantle (DM) values. However, several granitoid samples with a main zircon population of 2.7–2.8 Ga had 2.9–3.2 Ga grains or inherited cores, and in some samples, all grains were of 2.9–3.0 Ga. In these samples, the εNd value was also close to zero or slightly negative. These features suggest that apart from the juvenile Neoarchean magmas, the abundance of reworked 2.9 Ga material is considerable in the Archean crust, which developed during successive juvenile magmatic inputs that melted and assimilated the older sialic crust. The low- HREE geochemical character of granitoids has no correlation with their age, with the low-HREE granitoids yielding an age span of 2.72–2.98 Ga.
Archaeological Site of Sopka-2 on the Om River. Vol. 6: Ritual complexes of the Middle Ages
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodin V.I. , Efremona N.S. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Soloviev A.I. ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2021

This monograph is a part of a multivolume edition containing the materials from a completely studied archaeological site named Sopka-2, which unites burial and ritual complexes of different eras and cultures. Volume 6 is devoted to the analysis of the medieval ritual complex, related to the Kyshtovka culture of the southern Khanty people. The main elements of ritual practice, the types of ritual structures and an accompanying inventory are analyzed. The chronological, historical and cultural interpretations of the ritual complexes of Sopka-2 and other similar Western Siberian objects are given. This edition will be of interest to archaeologists, ethnographers, historians, students of humanitarian faculties, as well as local historians and people interested in the ancient history of Siberia.
İSTANBUL’UN BÜYÜME VE DÖNÜŞÜM SORUNLARININ TARİHİ SU YAPILARI ÜZERİNDEKİ OLUMSUZ ETKİLERİ
Authors: Uğuryol Drahşan , Uğuryol Mehmet
Published: December 2021

İstanbul’un tarihi su yapılarını merkeze alan araştırmaların önemli kısmı, zaman içinde tahrip olan yapılardan ve artan koruma sorunlarından ötürü güncelliğini yitirmiş olup günümüzdeki yapı niceliği ve korunma durumunu yansıtmamaktadır. Dolayısıyla güncel değerlendirmelere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda gerçekleştirilen bir ön değerlendirme niteliğindeki bu çalışmada, literatür ve saha incelemesi gerçekleştirilerek su yapıları ile ilgili güncel koruma sorunlarını belirlemek hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle İstanbul’da su temininin kısa tarihçesi, ardından tarihi su yapılarını olumsuz etkileyen şehrin büyüme ve dönüşüm sorunları aktarılmış, devamında bu sorunların tarihi su yapılarına etkileri bentler ve havuzlar, su kemerleri, su terazileri, maksemler, sarnıçlar, çeşmeler, sebiller, şadırvanlar, hamamlar başlıkları altında ele alınmıştır. Çalışma, mevcut su yapılarının büyük ölçüde işlevini ve birbirleriyle ilişkilerini kaybettiğini, şehrin yoğunluğu içinde algılanmalarının güçleştiğini, ancak bazı bentler ve ilişkili oldukları havuzların su toplama ve çöktürme, bazı çeşmelerle şadırvanların su dağıtma işlevini sürdürdüğünü ve bu yapılarda malzeme bozulmalarından kaynaklanan sorunlar olduğunu göstermiştir. Yapılan incelemeler, tarihi su yapılarının en büyük zararı imar hareketlerinden gördüğünü, bu kapsamda birçoğunun özgün yerlerinden kaldırılarak kaybolduğunu ya da farklı noktalara yerleştirildiğini, tesisler arasındaki su yollarının yok olduğunu; hatalı onarım, kötü kullanım, çevre kirliliğinin, düzenli bakım ve koruma çalışmalarının yapılmamasının ise su yapılarının yıpranmasında öne çıkan diğer önemli etmenler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
Russian Child Language Assessment Battery (RuCLAB) and its Application in Primary School Children with ASD
Authors: Gomozova M.A. , Arutiunian V.G. , Lopukhina A.A. , Dragoy O.V.
Published: December 2021

In speech-language pathology practice, standardized language assessment tools are used to evaluate the level of language development and to specify the details of language impairment. For Russian language, a novel Russian Child Language Assessment Battery (RuCLAB) was developed. The RuCLAB provides the assessment of phonology, vocabulary, morphosyntax, and discourse in production and comprehension. Present study aims to describe RuCLAB in detail and to report its application in 7—11 years-old children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The results revealed between-group differences in children with and without ASD as well as highlighted some individual features in the group of children with ASD: for example, expressive and receptive patterns differed depending on the linguistic level and non-verbal IQ; also children with ASD (as children with complex language disorders) better acquired nouns in comparison to verbs, and the words’ frequency influenced the accuracy in sentence repetition. The results indicate sensitivity and diagnostic importance of RuCLAB as a tool for language assessment in children with ASD.
Methodological Development of the Assessment Procedure and of the Course Design «Adaptive Swimming with Dolphins». The Impact on Children with ASD.
Authors: Zykov A.A. , Vasilyeva A.E. , Davydova E.Y.
Published: December 2021

Nowadays dolphin-assisted therapy is a method of animal-assisted therapy without a standardized form of conduction and effectiveness assessment. In this paper, a literature review performed on the topic of the effects, impact mechanisms and application area of animal-assisted therapy with dolphins. There is numerous evidence that participation of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in dolphin therapy leads to a decrease in stereotypic behavior, increased concentration, improved speech skills, and stabilization of the emotional state. Nevertheless, in most cases, these results are inconclusive, due to poor control of the influence of side factors. The analysis resulted in the study design of the dolphin-assisted therapy effects on children with ASD, as well as evaluation methods, considering previous research experience and existing criticism of previous findings. The article also includes the hypotheses, goals and objectives description of an upcoming pilot study of the use of directed animal therapy with dolphins.
Internet and Loneliness of Adolescents
Authors: Khararbakhova M.A. , Musatova O.A. , Shpagina E.M.
Published: December 2021

The work presents the materials of an empirical study aimed at identifying the link between adolescents' subjective experience of loneliness and their internet usage. 80 adolescents aged 11-15 (50% girls, 50% boys) took part in the study. The measurements have been carried out with the following: technique for diagnosing the level of subjective perception of loneliness; online involvement questionnaire; technique for screening diagnosis of cyber addiction. The obtained results suggest that the phenomenon of one's subjective loneliness is perceived in one's adolescence. Every modern-day adolescent is at a risk of cyber addiction. Adolescents' destructive online socializing dominates their constructive one, the latter is also present in their internet usage. All the research techniques indicated certain gender differences. No direct link between one's loneliness and one's internet usage has been found, however, the adolescent group with high level of perceived loneliness showed a high percentage of those who use destructive forms of online socializing.
Digitalization of Social Contacts – Risks for Women Seeking a Spouse through Dating Sites and Apps
Authors: Mironova O.I. , Ruonala L. , Mironov E.S.
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of an empirical study related to the problem of the risks of digitalization of social contacts when searching for marriage partners through dating sites. The research hypothesis suggests that these risks are fraud; sexual harassment; stalking; abuse of received information of an intimate nature; distortion of perception of the communicative situation, reality, communication partner; the occurrence of negative psychological consequences. It is assumed that the risks will increase due to the characteristics of the personality of women. The respondents were 197 women who used dating sites to find a marriage partner. A specially developed author's questionnaire was used, as well as standardized methods. It was revealed that such types of risks as fraud, sexual harassment occur regardless of the personal characteristics of the respondents. Risk of facing fraud increases among successful women. Risk of the distortion of the perception of the communicative situation, reality, communication partner and risk of the occurrence of negative psychological consequences directly depend on the personal characteristics of women.
Particularities of the Informational and Psychological Effect of Internet TV News Videos on the Legal Awareness and Behavior of Road Users
Authors: Borisova S.E.
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the informational and psychological impact of modern internet television on the basis of the materials taken from news video coverings of the official YouTube channel of the Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Company. The research work provides the results of online polls and consolidated opinions of traffic police officers who analyzed the aforementioned video materials as part of the study. Parts of the videos are described that have potentially positive informational and psychological effect on the consciousness and behavior of road users and pertaining to the dynamics of traffic law violation events, the offending driver's life circumstances, the significance of correct professional action of traffic patrol officers of the State Road Traffic Safety Inspectorate. Based on the progress made in different sciences and practical domains of human activity, several recommendations have been formulated aiming to develop methodologies for positive informational and psychological effect on road users.
Development of Preparedness of Cadets of Institutes of the Russian Penitentiary Service Higher Educational Institutions for Professional Activities in Special Operations Divisions
Authors: Ankudinov N.V. , Zharkikh A.A. , Kokurin A.V. , Maryin M.I.
Published: December 2021

Due to difficult and stressful conditions intrinsic to the work of officers in special operation divisions of correctional system, the problem of professional preparedness of trainees of educational institutions for duty in these divisions is vital. The current study aimed at developing a program for training the professional preparedness in the students of the Russian Penitentiary Service higher educational institutions for duty in divisions of special operations through strengthening the major components of their professional preparedness (spiritual, mental, physical and special action-related), and not the least by identifying the applied sports which are most effective for the task. The research was carried out at the Academy of the Russian Penitentiary Service with 142 students of the higher educational institutions of the Russian Penitentiary Service and 46 officers of special operation divisions of the correction system involved in the concluding part of the research and 50 trainees of the Academy of the Federal Penal Service of Russia in the experimental part. Testing of the program (including educative measures, psychological trainings, optional courses in applied sports — martial arts and special subjects) has proved its efficiency.
Development of a Methodology for Studying the Mechanisms of the Professional Self-awareness Establishment in Police Officers
Authors: Sharanov Y.A. , Sofronova A.Y. , Raspopin E.V.
Published: December 2021

The article describes the developing and testing procedure of the authors' psychodiagnostic methodology aimed at studying the mechanisms of establishing the professional self-awareness of a police officer. In accordance with the goal and objectives of the research, the experiment involved 579 police officers, with 172 people being students and cadets of educational organizations of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and 407 people were acting law enforcement officers of transport police administrations of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs (Northwestern and Ural Federal Districts). The age range of the subjects was 18-52. The ‘Limit – Experience’ inventory we developed has 5 scales reflecting essential aspects of the problem in question. The reliability coefficient for ‘life awareness’ scale is 0.82; for ‘self-realization’ scale it is 0.73, for ‘value of time’ scale it is 0.72, and for scales ‘self-determination’ and ‘general’ the coefficient is 0.69 and 0.8 respectively. The validity of this methodology has been tested by comparing its results with those of other methods for measuring similar parameters. The questionnaire can be used in operation of the psychological service of Russian internal affairs bodies, and also for further applied research in this area.
The Difference between Legal Culture, Judicial Culture, and Court Culture
Authors: Kumar D.
Published: December 2021

The constructs legal culture, judicial culture and court culture have been used frequently in the literature but there is a lack of clarity between them. This study aims to identify the difference between them. The existing literature and dictionary definitions have been used to conceptually understand the differences between them. Characteristics of them are identified using the existing literature. The meaning of legal, judicial and court have been explored from the various popular dictionaries. Based on the comparative analysis of their characteristics and meanings, a conceptual model is developed. The conceptual model depicts legal culture as a macro construct, judicial culture as a meso, and court culture as a micro-level construct. This study is an initial attempt to make a distinction between these three constructs. The findings of this study will help the legal researchers to develop a clarity between legal culture, judicial culture, and court culture. This clarity will help in avoiding using these constructs interchangeably.