bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pre-service primary school teachers’ (pedagogical) content knowledge during teaching informal statistical inference
Authors:   Leiden University, The Netherlands, de Vetten Arjen , Schoonenboom Judith ,   University of Vienna, Austria, Keijzer Ronald ,   iPabo University of Applied Sciences, The Netherlands, van Oers Bert ,   Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Published: March 2022

We analyzed the lessons of three pre-service primary school teachers (PSTs) who taught a lesson about informal statistical inference (ISI). These PSTs participated in a teacher college intervention. We investigated the appropriateness of their ISI knowledge when teaching to primary school students an ISI lesson provided by their teacher educator. Using the ISI framework by Makar & Rubin and the Knowledge Quartet framework we coded and categorized the teaching actions of the PSTs. The results showed that a large majority of the PSTs’ teaching actions was appropriate. Overall, they did well in analyzing children’s conceptual suggestions, but PSTs found it more difficult to express and connect ISI conceptual ideas themselves, in particular, to explain how generalizing from a sample is possible. Teacher college education should focus on how PSTs can foster children’s understanding of how it is possible that a sample suffices to draw conclusions about a population.
Sustainable development goals: A statistical literacy journey
Authors:   Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Nascimento Maria M. ,   CIDTFF-LabDCT-UTAD, Portugal, Martins José Alexandre , Estrada Assumpta ,   Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Portugal,   Universitat de Lleida, Spain, Morais Eva ,   Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal
Published: March 2022

This work appears to contribute to statistical literacy using a very important theme for the planet and humanity at present, the Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 defined by the United Nations. These goals require action on a global scale by governments, companies, and civil society to eradicate poverty and create a life with dignity and opportunities for all within the limits of the planet. The works developed by several teachers over several years and which meet these objectives in one way or another are presented. Having literate citizens in statistical terms meets the goals for 2030. Also, it involves the whole of society, as it includes the necessary skills to understand the statistical information that we face every day.
The Fundamental Role of Computation in Teaching Statistical Theory
Authors:   University of Toronto, Gibbs Alison L , Stringer Alex ,   University of Waterloo
Published: March 2022

What skills, knowledge and habits of mind does a statistician require in order to contribute effectively as an inhabitant of the data science ecosystem? We describe a new course in statistical theory that was developed as part of our consideration of this question. The course is a core requirement in a new curriculum for undergraduate students enrolled in statistics programs of study. Problem solving and critical thinking are developed through both mathematical and computational thinking and all ideas are motivated through questions to be answered from large, open and messy data. Central to the development of the course is the tenet that the use of computation is as fundamental to statistical thinking as the use of mathematics. We describe the course, including its connection to the learning outcomes of our new statistics program of study, and the multiple ways we use and integrate computation.
Experience Of Teaching From A Distance
Authors:   Faculty of Education, University of Makeni, Northern Sierra Leone, Sesay Joseph Saidu , Sheriff Binta Fatmata ,   Faculty of Education, University of Makeni, Northern Sierra Leone
Published: March 2022

This study is motivated by a desire to understand the challenges tutors and student-teachers of distant teaching and learning at the University of Makeni face as they pursue higher teachers’ education in Mathematics/Statistics. The research was carried out in northern Sierra Leone. Data were collected and processed. The study utilizes structured questionnaires to the study population, which were analyzed through tables, frequencies, marginal percentages, and the logistic regression model to produce descriptive and inferential statistics. The statistical analysis was done at a 95 percent significant level using the SPSS version (20). Insufficient time, moderate institutional and individual participation, lack of devices and capabilities to access online teaching and learning materials, and more are the findings. Findings suggest UniMak to do more to sustain effective and balanced teaching and learning system that will satisfy the learners' desires to return to UniMak for future studies or recommend the institution to their colleagues.
Community learning with a 24/7 chat using smartphones
Authors:   University of Helsinki, Vehkalahti Kimmo , Nelimarkka Matti ,   Aalto University and University of Helsinki
Published: March 2022

Students say that Moodle is clumsy and too slow. They need faster channels for communications on a Data Analysis course, where they have to submit weekly reports for peer reviews. To enhance the interactions, we used an anonymized chat environment provided through Presemo software. This allowed students to use a regular web page on their smartphone, laptop or other internet connected devices, to instantly ask questions and answer them. The chat supports the community learning, as the students help each other while doing their exercises.
Excellence with equity: the importance of school factors for student success in unfavourable circumstances
Authors:   Federal University of Paraná, Guimarães Raquel , Faria Ernesto ,   Federal University of Paraná
Published: March 2022

This study analyzes the determinants of success of a group of public schools that served students of low socioeconomic status (Excellence with Equity study). Based on Prova Brazil data, we test whether there is a difference between the prevalence of school factors in the 215 schools identified by the Excellence with Equity study compared to schools with similar characteristics in 2007 but which did not show the same performance regarding the learning of their students thereafter. Taking into account statistical significance, results show that the treatment schools have principals who have been more highly rated by teachers for their leadership attributes; better facilities and operating conditions; more cohesive management and teaching teams; better working conditions for teachers; more learning opportunities; and less school violence. It is also possible to infer that the presence of better educational and infrastructure-related conditions in treatment schools may be a result of the effective management of resource.
Jogo pedagógico e a resolução de problemas no ensino de estatística e probabilidade no ensino fundamental
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Oliveira Júnior Ailton , Fernandes José ,   Universidade do Minho, Santos Silva Joana ,   Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Faria Moreira Roberta ,   Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Ciabottia Valéria ,   Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro
Published: March 2022

O trabalho tem com objetivo apresentar e aplicar o jogo "Brincando com Estatística e Probabilidade" para alunos do 9o ano do Ensino Fundamental, com a intenção de facilitar a compreensão do conteúdo para o ensino e aprendizagem dos conceitos básicos da Estatística e da Probabilidade, utilizando a metodologia de resolução de problemas. Considerando os conteúdos propostos pelos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais no Brasil foram abordados: capacidade de leitura, interpretação e organização de dados; construção de tabelas e gráficos; concepção e compreensão de: espaço amostral, média, moda e mediana; o cálculo da probabilidade de um evento por uma razão; frequência absoluta e relativa. Após a aplicação do jogo, a maioria dos estudantes declarou apreciar a atividade e que aprenderam com ela, podendo-se perceber que serviu como suporte metodológico à Estatística e à Probabilidade.
Opening real science: statistical literacy for pre-service primary teachers through flexible delivery
Authors:   Macquarie University, Bilgin Ayse , Coady Carmel ,   University of Western Sydney, Mulligan Joanne ,   Macquarie University, Geiger Vincent ,   Australian Catholic University, Cavanagh Michael ,   Macquarie University, Petocz Peter ,   Macquarie University, Date-Huxtable Liz ,   University of Western Sydney
Published: March 2022

Opening Real Science (ORS) is an Australian Government funded project in which leading teacher educators, scientists, mathematicians, statisticians and ICT designers are collaborating to develop online modules for implementation in teacher education programs, aimed at building the competence and confidence teachers need to inspire their students. This paper documents the development of a Statistical Literacy module for Primary Teachers (SL-P). The project’s approach focusses on real life applications of statistics that students are genuinely interested in, coupled with scaffolding applications of digital technologies. An enquiry-based model supports the design of learning activities, which include appropriate resources to support individual and peer learning. Trials of the module will provide feedback on the effectiveness of the SL-P module in terms of student engagement and development of statistical literacy. The outcomes of the study will provide direction for re-shaping teacher education programs and professional learning to include statistical literacy as a core component.
O curso de desenvolvimento de habilidades em pesquisa do ibge
Authors:   Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Villas Boas Rita , Silva Denise ,   Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística
Published: March 2022

O Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE possui um Programa de Capacitação para seu corpo técnico no qual o Curso de Desenvolvimento de Habilidades em Pesquisa – CDHP fornece aos participantes uma visão abrangente do processo de planejamento e execução de uma pesquisa domiciliar por amostragem. Partindo de uma demanda específica apresentada por um cliente, os alunos desenvolvem e executam a pesquisa em condições reais, inclusive com trabalho de campo, e apresentam seus resultados. O curso tem duração de seis semanas em tempo integral e os seus instrutores são especialistas das diversas áreas do IBGE. A primeira edição do CDHP foi realizada em 1998, e até 2014, já foram realizadas 28 edições do curso, demonstrando o sucesso deste projeto de capacitação e confirmando sua importância para a formação de especialistas nas áreas de produção e análise de estatísticas públicas.
Motivating professor and students through significant learning in statistics classes
Authors:   Federal University of Rio Grande, Porciúncula Mauren , Pinto Suzi ,   Federal University of Rio Grande
Published: March 2022

This paper presents an analysis of the speeches of the students about the educational proposal for the Statistics course conducted based on the Significative Learning Theory, characterized by Moreira (2012). The importance of this analysis is justified by the findings of Joan Garfield and Dani Ben-Zvi (2008), when considered that the difficulties of Statistical learning lies in the fact that the teaching method is focused on exercises prepared by the professor. The design of this Statistic Course had a starting point situation problems made by the students, with themes of their interests. To analyze the results of this process, the qualitative methodology of the Collective Subject Speech was used. Outcome we obtained speeches of students who actually said that they have learned Statistics. These findings allow us to conclude that this experience promoted the motivation of students and also the professor.
Trabalhando com estatística e dados públicos na escola: o caso do vamos contar- ibge
Authors:   Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Miranda Tatiana , Corrêa Renata ,   Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística
Published: March 2022

O Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística–IBGE tem como missão a produção de informações para o exercício da cidadania. Para isso, deve disseminá-las e buscar formas de ampliar seu uso pelos diferentes setores da sociedade, inclusive educadores e estudantes. Para isso, o Vamos Contar é um projeto online de comunicação do IBGE com os educadores que busca esse objetivo: propiciar que a estatística e as informações oficiais produzidas pelo IBGE façam parte da vida das escolas. Com o desafio de motivar os educadores da Educação Básica a trabalharem com a Educação Estatística, o site traz uma série de sugestões e conteúdos. No site do projeto, são propostas atividades desde a Educação Infantil até o Ensino Médio. Elas abordam desde conceitos básicos para a produção, compreensão e leitura dos dados até o o ensino da Estatística em sala de aula através das informações sobre a Sociedade Brasileira produzidas pelo IBGE.
Strategies for public engagement with official statistics
Authors:   Durham University, Ridgway Jim , Nicholson James ,   Durham University, Sutherland Sinclair ,   Durham University, Hedger Spencer ,   Durham University
Published: March 2022

High quality data are available on a very wide range of topics. However, there are barriers to be overcome before citizens engage with these data. First is access; data are often distributed across different websites. Second is exposure; data need to be presented in the most commonly used information sources. Third is engagement – creating a climate where citizens are interested in evidence. The House of Commons Library (Library) and Durham University are collaborating in order to promote better use of data. The Library is the first port of call for politicians; their blogs and tweets are a major information resource for journalists. A website created ahead of the UK general election provides a rich resource for data at constituency level. Quizzes have been created which run on smartphones, in an effort to engage a broader section of people in evidence-based discussions. We discuss strategies designed to encourage public engagement with official statistics.
Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet), Textes attribués à Voltaire, vol. 147, série Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, éd. John Renwick, Voltaire Foundation, 2022
Authors: Woodward Servanne
Published: March 2022

Compte-rendu d’un des derniers volumes de la collection des Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, aujourd'hui dirigée par Nicholas Cronk (2000-2021) et initiée par Theodore Besterman (1968-1974). La collaboration internationale est intense entre spécialistes et bibliothécaires, comme en témoignent les organisations soutenant le projet : L'Académie Française, L'Académie Royale de Belgique, The American Council of Learned Societies, La Bibliothèque Nationale de Russie, The British Academy, Le Musée Voltaire de la Bibliothèque de Genève, L'Union Académique Internationale. Ainsi, des chercheurs d'horizons divers ont contribué aux discussions centrées sur divers manuscrits et les multiples versions imprimées ainsi que sur l'appareil critique en deux langues, l’anglais et le français, selon leur langue de préférence. Le volume contient une liste d’ouvrages attribués à Voltaire, une bibliographie réunissant les ouvrages cités des diverses introductions et notes, et un index.
Da busca à conquista da felicidade
Authors: Rosa Santos Omar
Published: March 2022

“Disce, puer, virtutem ex me verumque laborem” ... – E assim te vi crescer como homem para a vida... Se te falta algo, ou se te sentes fraco porém, cogita, pensa, descobre em ti a alma esquecida!
Memória de José Rodrigues Coura
Authors: Ramos Filho Celso Ferreira
Published: March 2022

José Rodrigues Coura nasceu em Taperoá, no Cariri, praticamente no centro geodésico do Estado da Paraíba. Na ocasião, o município teria menos de 10 mil habitantes. Hoje tem cerca de 15.500, com um PIB per capita de R$ 8.091,77, o que o coloca em 128ª posição entre os 223 municípios da Paraíba. Apenas 55% dos imóveis têm esgotamento sanitário adequado. Tem 12 estabelecimentos de saúde, um eletrocardiógrafo, e nenhum aparelho de imagem. O seu IDH é baixo: 0,578. Imagine-se o que seria Taperoá, em 15 de junho de 1927.
Empowering Women in the Arab World between the Requirements of Law and the Requirements of Reality
Authors:   Assistant Professor, General Education, City University College of Ajman, United Arab Emirates, Al Najdawi Dr. Mohammad Hadie
Published: March 2022

Women and their issues have become the focus of most researchers in the social, legal, political and economic fields, in addition to the official and unofficial institutions of the country. Being a major and influential actor in the lives of societies due to the main roles it plays on the one hand, and on the other hand, given that the issue of women and their empowerment is not a national issue, but rather has become an issue of international dimensions resulting from global interest in it; In addition to adopting her cause in all international forums, conventions and treaties concerned with human rights, not to mention the international conferences supporting the principle of empowering women, given that eliminating all forms of discrimination against women is not only a basic human right, but also a factor critical to accelerating the achievement of sustainable development, It has been proven that empowering women has a multiplier effect, especially by driving economic growth and development in society. Hence, this study sheds light on the concept of women’s empowerment and its importance in order to create comprehensive development, in which the latter is based on the principle of providing opportunities and equality based on the legal requirements that guarantee this, and on the basis of what is stated in international charters and treaties related to this matter, as this study attempts Monitoring the efforts undertaken by the Arab countries to recognize and enforce the human rights of women, and to reveal the problems that hinder the achievement of the empowerment process in the Arab world.
The Implementation of Battery Swapping Stations for the Electric Vehicles in Saudi Arabia (Study the Role of These Stations to Increase the Economic Indicators and comparing it with the Battery Charging Stations)
Authors:   Electrical Engineering Department, Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, AL-Mutiri Mohammad Muteab D , AL-Sahow Sulatan Abdullah A ,   Electrical Engineering Department, Majmaah University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Published: March 2022

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia consume huge measure of vehicles fuel in a yearly way which hurt the monetary express, the worth of fuel utilization in Saudi Arabia, "petroleum and diesel", during the year 2019, including all areas, barring all, fuel utilization, added up to around 382 million barrels, contrasted with 377.2 million barrels in 2018, recorded at 100, 100 million barrels. Because of that it is liked to as be opposed to utilizing petroleum is to supplant it with Battery Swapping Stations. Battery trading is another innovation permitting super-quick charging for electric vehicles, it permits Electric Vetches (EV) proprietors to supplant the released batteries with charged ones at the trade stations. At the point when the battery is released, the proprietor can transform it with a completely energized one. This will resolve the issue of setting up charging stations and furthermore diminish range uneasiness of drivers. Further, battery renting can assist EV proprietors with saving the expense of buying a battery. The assistance is less tedious and requires a couple of moments contrasted with charging at a battery station which could require hours. It additionally requires least framework. The principal objective of this undertaking is to sit a procedure that permits battery trading stations in Saudi Arabia to diminish the pointless abundance utilization and ascend with the monetary markers.
أثر الأمن الوظيفي على السلوك الأخلاقي للموظفين (دراسة تطبيقية على الشركة السعودية للاتصالات)
Authors:   ماجستير إدارة الموارد البشرية، كلية ابن رشد للعلوم الإدارية، المملكة العربية السعودية, آل ذيبان حمد محمد حسين
Published: March 2022

هدف البحث إلى تنمية الخيال العلمي لدى تلميذات الصف الثاني المتوسطهدف البحث إلى تحديد أثر الأمن الوظيفي على السلوك الأخلاقي للموظفين بالشركة السعودية للاتصالات بالمنطقة الجنوبية، وقد اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتم استخدام الاستبانة في تجميع البيانات الأولية من مفردات عينة مكونة من (277) من الموظفين بالشركة. وتوصلت نتائج تحليل الارتباط تبعها نتائج تحليل الانحدار إلى وجود أثر ذو دلالة إحصائية لكل من بعدي الأمن النفسي والأمن الجسدي كبعدين من أبعاد الأمن الوظيفي على السلوك الأخلاقي للموظفين بالشركة السعودية للاتصالات بالمنطقة الجنوبية، كما توصلت إلى أنه لا توجد فروق دالة إحصائية في أبعاد الأمن الوظيفي في الشركة السعودية للاتصالات بالمنطقة الجنوبية وفقاً للمتغيرات التالية: (النوع، العمر، مدة الخدمة، المؤهل الدراسي). ومن أهم توصيات البحث للمسئولين في الشركة: تطوير بعض الإجراءات التي تحافظ على المستوى المرتفع للأمن الوظيفي للموظفين، وتهيئة مناخ تنظيمي يشعر الموظفين بالأمن النفسي من خلال عدم تصيد الأخطاء للموظفين.
تحديات استخدام الفصول الافتراضية للتعليم العام في ظل جائحة كورونا والتوصيات المقترحة للحد منها بمحافظة جدة
Authors:   ماجستير القيادة التربوية، كلية العلوم الصحية والسلوكية والتعليم، جامعة دار الحكمة، المملكة العربية السعودية, خان خلود مالك , العباسي الدكتورة/ دلال عمر ,   أستاذ مساعد في ماجستير القيادة التربوية، كلية العلوم الصحية والسلوكية والتعليم، جامعة دار الحكمة، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: March 2022

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على تحديات استخدام الفصول الافتراضية لمراحل التعليم العام في ظل جائحة كورونا والتوصيات المقترحة للحد منها من وجهة نظر (الطلاب- المعلمين- المشرفين التربويين). تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي المسحي، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم بناء ثلاث استبانات، الأولى خاصة بالطلاب والتي استجاب لها (500) طالب وطالبة، الثانية خاصة بعينة المعلمين والتي استجاب لها (380) معلم ومعلمة، أما الاستبانة الثالثة فهي خاصة بعينة المشرفين التربويين والتي استجاب لها (150) مشرف ومشرفة، تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج منها: وجود تحديات في استخدام الفصول الافتراضية يعيشها الطلاب والمعلمين والمشرفين التربويين من وجهة نظرهم، تم تصنيفها إلى (تحديات مادية- تحديات نفسية- تحديات تقنية- تحديات مهارية- وتحديات أكاديمية) حيث ظهرت جميع هذه التحديات بدرجة متوسطة بواقع الميدان التربوي في استخدام الفصول الافتراضية، ماعدا التحديات الأكاديمية والتي ظهرت بدرجة أعلى من غيرها من التحديات، كما أشارت الدراسة إلى عدة توصيات مقترحة للحد من تحديات استخدام الفصول الافتراضية في التعليم من وجهة نظر عينات الدراسة، من أبرزها: إقامة برامج توعوية للطلاب وأولياء الأمور وتثقيفهم بآداب وضوابط التعليم الإلكتروني واستخدام الفصول الافتراضية. وبناءً على ما توصلت إليه الدراسة الحالية خرجت الباحثة بعدة توصيات من أهمها: أن تهتم الإدارة التعليمية بعمل دورات تدريبية للمعلمين لتوضيح كيفية التعامل مع الفصول الافتراضية، أن ينوع المعلمين من طرق التدريس المستخدمة في الفصول الافتراضية.
أثر الدورات التي يعقدها مركز تطوير أعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة آل البيت على توفر المهارات التدريسية لأعضاء الهيئة التدريسية من وجهة نظر الطلبة
Authors:   رئيسة قسم المناهج في أكاديمية الفلاح، ولاية جورجيا، الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية, الشديفات جومانه حامد , الشديفات اشجان حامد ,   أستاذ مساعد، جامعة حائل، المملكة العربية السعودية
Published: March 2022

هدفت الدراسة للتعرف على أثر الدورات التي يعقدها مركز تطوير أعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة آل البيت على توفر المهارات التدريسية لأعضاء الهيئة التدريسية من وجهة نظر الطلبة أنفسهم، ومعرفة فيما إذا كانت هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تُعزى لمتغيرات التخصص، والمرحلة الدراسيّة؛ ولتحقيق ذلك تمت الإجابة عن أسئلة الدراسة، وقد تمّ تحديد مجتمع الدراسة بشكل قصدي، وتكّونت العينة من (133) طالباً وطالبةً وهي مجموعة من طلبة أعضاء هيئة التدريس الذين حضروا الدورات التدريبية المنعقدة في مركز تطوير أعضاء هيئة التدريس للعام الجامعي 2020/2021، ، وتمّ بناء استبانة تكونت من (72) فقرة موزعة على مجالين:(مهارات التفاعل والاتصال، العلاقات الإنسانية)، واستخدمت أساليب التحليل الوصفي والاستنتاجي (التحليلي) للبيانات، وأظهرت الدراسة النتائج الآتية: إن أثر الدورات التي يعقدها مركز تطوير أعضاء هيئة التدريس في جامعة آل البيت على توافر المهارات التدريسية من وجهة نظر الطلبة أنفسهم من حيث مجال مهارات التفاعل والاتصال ومجال العلاقات الإنسانية (متوسطة). وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في أثر الدورات من وجهة نظر الطلبة أنفسهم تُعزى إلى متغير التخصص في المجال الاول (مهارات التفاعل والاتصال)، ومتغير المرحلة الدراسيّة في المجال الثاني (العلاقات الإنسانية)، وفي ضوء النتائج التي أسفرت عنها هذه الدراسة تمّ صياغة عدد من التوصيات العلمية والعملية.
THE IMPORTANCE AND NECESSITY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS WITHIN THE TEXTILE AND POLYGRAPHY FACULTY: RESEARCH STUDY
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Gheorghita Maria , Ghelbet Angela ,   Technical University of Moldova, Bulgaru Valentina ,   Technical University of Moldova, Scripcenco Angela ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: March 2022

Entrepreneurial education is considered as one of the priority directions for the development of the education system both at international level and in the Republic of Moldova. Research has shown that investing in entrepreneurial education is one of the most profitable investments, and young people who have benefited from entrepreneurial education are more likely to start their own business at some point in their lives. Over the last decade, the governments of several states have paid particular attention to the aspects of legislative support for the entrepreneurial training process in the education system. Given the context of global change and the pronounced demographic decline in the Republic of Moldova, lifelong learning is considered an important concern of the education system. Thus, in recent years, various projects have been launched at national level to support the development of entrepreneurial education. The European Union funded and recently launched Collaborative Entrepreneurial Education project that aims to increase access to quality entrepreneurship training, development students’ entrepreneurial skills, and train a new generation of entrepreneurs for the textile industry, which is a key industry in Moldova. Through this project, the importance and necessity of entrepreneurial education for students were identified based on a survey conducted at the Faculty of Textiles and Polygraphy in the Technical University of Moldova, and the results were compared with the results of the survey from the Faculty of Industrial Design and Business Management within the ”Gheorghe Asachi“ Technical University of Iași, Romania.
THE REASON AND PRAGMATIC KNOWLEDGE: RETRIEVING THE INTEGRATIVE MEANING
Authors:   Moldova State University, Bogatu Eugenia
Published: March 2022

The article discusses the social responsibility of scientists in the context of practical work. Knowledge has a major role, both in the development of an individual and of society as a whole. Today’s society is a society of knowledge. Knowledge cannot evolve separately from information. The amount and quality of information depends to a large extent on its processing by artificial intelligence. The involvement of knowledge in the field of artificial intelligence is not possible without critical thinking. A knowledge society is not perceived without the involvement of researchers. They are the ones who promote and develop scientific knowledge. This type of knowledge is found in all areas of society.
SOME REFLECTIONS UPON THE SUBJECTIVE RIGHT AND THE ABUSE OF RIGHT DOCTRINE
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Pojar Daniela
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the article is an analysis of the theoretical aspects of the subjective right doctrine. Starting from the idea that the subjective right is something different from the positivist norm, the legal thinking was permanently concerned about giving a definition to it, about determining its features and legal nature, elements that differentiate it from the positive right, as well as establishing the principles of its exercise. In the following article we tried to highlight the fact that the exercise of a right by its holder contrary to the principles of exercise, as well as the fulfillment of the obligations assumed by him gives rise to a phenomenon called abuse of right.
RIGHT AND OBLIGATIONS OF NOTARIES AS PROTOCOL HOLDERS IN PROVIDING COPIES OF DEEDS TO INTERESTED PARTIES
Authors:   Warmadewa University Denpasary, Indonesia, Mariani Cening , Budiartha I. Nyoman Putu ,   Warmadewa University Denpasary, Indonesia, Sriasih Wesna Ni Putu Ayu ,   Warmadewa University Denpasary, Indonesia
Published: March 2022

Notary protocol is part of the notary office administration which has a very important function and role so that notaries can carry out their positions properly. Notary protocol is a collection of documents constituting state archives which must be kept and maintained by a notary in accordance with statutory regulations. This research raises the formulation of the problem as follows: 1) What are the rights and obligations of the notary holder of the Protocol in providing a copy of the deed to interested parties? 2) What is the legal consequence, for the Notary holding the protocol in issuing a copy of the deed, whose minimum document is not fully signed by the parties, and/or witnesses, and/or the Notary Public? This research uses normative legal research, because there is a vacuum of norms regarding the Rights and Obligations of Notary Protocol Holders in Providing Copies of Deeds to Interested Parties. Research using this normative juridical method using the statutory approach, the Conceptual Approach and the Case Approach. Legal materials used are primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. An analysis of legal materials is also carried out using several analysis techniques, namely: identifying facts, collecting legal materials, analyzing legal issues, arguing, and providing prescriptions. The results of this study indicate that the Rights and Obligations of the Notary Public Protocol Holder in Providing Copies of Deed to Interested Parties, the Notary is entitled to receive honoraria for legal services rendered to interested parties, both the parties and one of the parties. The amount of honorarium for the notary holder of the protocol is not specified in the applicable regulations, this usually refers to the type of deed he makes.
The programmable valve of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt for hydrocephalus
Authors: Valença Marcelo Moraes , Silva Ana Cristina Veiga da , Bem Junior Luiz Severo , Ribeiro Elayne Cristina de Oliveira , Valença Marcelo Andrade , Silva Alberto Henrique Torres Trindade da , Carvalho Déborah Emmily de , Valença Martina Falcão
Published: March 2022

The programmable valve of a ventriculoperitoneal shuntfor hydrocephalus
The role of the Holy See in the implementation of the idea of a united Europe (1945-1958)
Authors: Javakhishvili Irakli
Published: March 2022

In the wake of the devastating effects of World War II, Europeans felt the need for unity with all their might, which would prevent a similar catastrophe in the future and contribute to the peace, development and prosperity of the European peoples. The "founding fathers" of a united Europe - Adenauer, Schumann and de Gasper (and with them, Monet) - have embodied the long-awaited idea of ​​European unity, and in this case, to put it mildly, they have actively led the Christian, , Catholic, with visions and values.
Practical issues of partner agreement
Authors: Katamadze Nino , Ustiashvili Giorgi
Published: March 2022

თავისი სამართლებრივი ბუნებით პარტნიორთა შეთანხმება კერძოსამარ-თლებრივი გარიგებაა, რაც იმას ნიშავს, რომ აღნიშნულთან დაკავშირებული სამართლებრივი საკითხების მომწესრიგებელი ბაზა სამოქალაქო სამართალი და უფრო კონკრეტულად ვალდებულებითი სამართალია, თუმცაღა აღსანიშნავია, რომ მისი პრაქტიკული გამოყენების სფერო და მოწესრიგების საგანი საკორპო-რაციოსამართლებრივი ურთიერთობებია, სახელდობრ კი, შიდა საკორპორაციოსა-მართლებრივი ურთიერთობები.
Intersections of International Law and Relations
Authors: Chinchaladze Nazibrola
Published: March 2022

It is well known that international law is designed for the welfare of mankind. It is a set of norms governing interstate, intergovernmental relations, both written and unwritten. But intergovernmental relations, as well as interstate relations, create a political reality that contradicts the norms adopted and established by them. In this article, I would like to highlight the sharp points of contact between international law and international relations, which were shown to me by the political reality created in the modern world. I will discuss theoretical issues and confront them with the problems that states create with their decisions. It is impossible to talk about all the points in the format of the article, of course, so I will focus on a few, in particular, on the sources of international law and the subjects of law.
Power and fear in the politics of the great state
Authors: Javakhishvili Irakli
Published: March 2022

The great powers, as I point out in my most recent book, aspire to gain power over their rivals and hope to become hegemonic slaves. When the state reaches this elevated position, it becomes a status quo force. However, more can be said about the importance of hegemony.
A hegemon is a state that is so powerful that it dominates all other states in the system. No other state has the military capabilities to wage a serious war against it. In essence, hegemony is the only great power in the system. A state that is essentially stronger than other great powers in the system is not a hegemon because it opposes, by definition, other great powers. For example, in the mid-nineteenth century the United Kingdom was sometimes referred to as the hegemon. But he was not hegemonic, since at that time there were four other DD states in Europe (Austria, France, Prussia and Russia), and the United Kingdom could not significantly dominate them. In fact, at the time, France was seen by the United Kingdom as a serious threat to the balance of power. In the nineteenth century, Europe was multipolar, not unipolar.
The neo-medievalist strategy of the Holy See in international politics: from Cairo to Regensburg
Authors: Javakhishvili Irakli
Published: March 2022

There are many religious actors in the system of modern international relations, but one of them is especially important, as it has a special (observer) status in the UN, diplomatic relations with most countries of the world and acts as a norm-setting entity. At the same time, it must be said that scholars in the field of international relations pay very little attention to it. Thus, we are talking about the Roman Catholic Church, whose number of believers exceeds 1.3 billion worldwide, and whose institutional expression and legal personality is a sacred seat in international politics.
The purpose of this article is to show how the Holy See still preserves the legacy of medieval European Christianity (Catholicism) in today's international politics and to reaffirm the importance of religion in global processes. The example of the Holy See makes it clear that religious actors have always played a certain role in the transnational governance of the international community. On the other hand, we will try to illustrate the impact that the Holy See's diplomatic strategy can have on the secular state system as well as on global public policy.
Energy policy and climate
Authors: Partsvania Maka
Published: March 2022

The layout is edited by the European Energy Journal. Thesis issues were added and 37 paragraphs were omitted, referring to the past speeches of Mr. Trump's opponents to focus on the future actions of the President-elect. Indeed, on November 21, 2016, Mr. Trump announced that "one day" he would lift "job killer" restrictions on energy production in the United States - including shale energy and clean coal - by creating millions of high-paying jobs, and appealed to the Department of Defense and The Joint Chiefs of Staff, to develop a comprehensiv
Signs of manipulation of election borders in Georgian election law
Authors: Tevzadze Tengiz , Papashvili Tamar
Published: March 2022

In 2015, the Constitutional Court of Georgia passed an important decision and declared unconstitutional the norms of the Electoral Code on the grounds of non-compliance with the right to equality before the law, which resulted in In terms of impact on. As a result of the amendments to the Electoral Code based on the decision of the Constitutional Court, the number of voters in the constituencies has been significantly balanced, although the changes have led to accusations that the ruling party has manipulated the electoral boundaries. Non-compliance with international standards has been cited by international organizations as a major challenge to legislative change. In particular, they focused on clear criteria for delimitation and future border revision procedures, process opacity and lack of inclusion, as well as the vague method of dividing and unifying municipalities to define constituencies. The main call of the organizations to the authorities was to review the legislation related to the delimitation of constituencies in order to ensure equality of votes, however, the negative assessments did not convince the legislator of the need for changes.
Separation of powers between the EU and its Member States
Authors: Gugeshashvili Gvantsa
Published: March 2022

Historically, the founding treaties of the EU, which existed before the Treaty of Lisbon, did not regulate the distribution of powers between the EU and its member states. In this regard, the European Commission in 2001, in its White Paper on European Governance, indicated that there was a clear separation of powers between the EU and its Member States. The European Commission emphasized that "certain principles are needed to determine the distribution of powers between the European Union and its Member States". This is, first of all, necessary in order to answer the frequently asked question by the public: “Who is doing what in Europe? The issue of separation of powers within the EU was settled only after the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty. In particular, the uniqueness of the EU as a category with specific characteristics (sui generis) is reflected in its entitlement. In particular, the fact that member states transfer part of their sovereignty to it.
Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Indian Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment:
A Questionnaire Based Study
Authors: Chatterjee Oishi , Sharma Kanchan , Kumar Subhash
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The restrictions on patients concerning visiting their orthodontists as implemented by the lockdown guidelines created tremendous impact on the treatment procedure. The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the Indian patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was prepared that consisted of 12 questions. The questionnaire were distributed to the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment through email and WhatsApp messages. Online informed consents were obtained from them and they were requested to respond within two weeks.
Results: The female patients were found to be more apprehensive and anxious about the prolonged treatment duration, discomfort during the lockdown period, financial issues and treatment outcomes.
Conclusion: The lockdown made the orthodontic patients worried about the future of their treatment. A healthy discussion regarding all the possible issues in this critical time between the doctors and the patients is desirable.

Key words: Orthodontic treatment, lockdown, anxiety, questionnaire
Effectiveness of Individual Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Antenatal Diet among Multigravida Mothers with Iron Deficiency Anaemia
Authors: Prusty Deepa Rani , . Madhusoodan
Published: March 2022

Background: Lacking appropriate nutritional elements in the pregnant women's diet, a number of maternal deficiencies can often occur including calcium, phosphates, vitamins and iron. It has been estimated that about 375 mg of iron is needed by the foetus to form its blood and an additional 600 mg is required by the mother to form her own extra blood. Anaemic condition in pregnancy develops when Hb concentration is below 10 g/dL. Therefore, without sufficient iron in blood, a pregnant woman usually develops anaemia. It has been reported that iron deficiency in pregnant women remains the most common nutritional deficiency, in both developing and developed countries. Iron deficiency in pregnant women usually results from the combination of low iron stores induced by menstrual losses, inadequate iron intakes and the high demands of the foetus.
Results and Interpretation: The mean pre – test knowledge Score is 17.28 was less than the post – test knowledge score 24.38. The‘t’ value computed between the pre – test and post – test score was statistically at 0.001 [t = 14.73, df =39]. The findings also show significant correlation between the demographic variables and knowledge of the multigravida mothers with IDA.
Conclusion: The teaching has an important method in improving the knowledge of multigravida mothers with IDA. Importance of health related information to the multigravida mothers with IDA at the Antenatal OPD is a useful way to improve their knowledge and awareness and thus contribute in the prevention of IDA and its effect on the foetus.

Key words: Individual teaching programme, Antenatal Diet, Multigravida mothers with Iron deficiency anaemia.
Intensification of radiation therapy for localized breast cancer in the settings of the COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review
Authors: Kopochkina S. , Savkhatova A. , Zekebaev M. , Chen D. , Davletgildeyev E.
Published: March 2022

Relevance: Since 2004, breast cancer steadily ranks first in the structure of the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Republic of Kazakhstan in both sexes. In 2020, its share was 14.5% (vs. 15.2% in 2019). Breast cancer also constantly ranks first in the structure of female cancer incidence, with 44.3 0⁄0000 in 2020 (vs. 51.6 0⁄0000 in 2019). In the early 1980s, radiation
therapy was a standard specialized treatment for breast cancer. The current realities of the COVID-19 pandemic require a reorganization of healthcare facilities to determine the priorities. It is also important to balance the economic and clinical efficacy of radiotherapy methods applied.
The study aimed to analyze the results of large randomized trials and compare breast cancer outcomes after hypofractionated and standard fractionation radiation treatment.
Methods: We reviewed the results of large randomized trials of hypofractionated radiation therapy, emphasizing good patient selection according to the American Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO) guidelines. Radiobiological aspects of hypofractionation were considered due to its implementation in clinical practice. The research materials were obtained from the “PubMed” database of evidence-based medicine by the keywords “radiotherapy,” “breast cancer,” “hypofractionation dose” for the period of 2000-2021. Large randomized trials involving patients of any age diagnosed with stages T1-3, N0-1 breast cancer, who underwent beam therapy in standard or hypofractionated mode, met the criteria for inclusion in this study.
Results: According to the results of large randomized trials, the hypofractionated regimen is similar to the standard regimen in terms of late effects on normal tissues and ensures reasonable control over the oncological process.
Conclusions: Hypofractionation has proven effectiveness and safety and lower late and acute radiation toxicity when treating early breast cancer. Hypofractionation can become a new standard of radiation therapy at early stages after breast-conserving surgery.
On Influence of Liquids Viscosity on Drops Formation Regularities During Realization of Electrohydrodynamic Instability
Authors:   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Russia, Grigoriev A. I. , Shiryaeva S. O. ,   P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Russia
Published: March 2022

In a theoretical analytical way, the peculiarities of the influence of the viscosity of a liquid on its electro-dispersion, from the end of the capillary, through which the liquid is supplied to the discharge system, or during the decay of a strongly charged drop, were investigated. It was shown that when a low-viscosity liquid was electrodispersed, it emited highly charged small droplets, initially unstable with respect to its own charge, breaking up into a couple of a hundred even smaller and highly charged ones, around which a corona discharge was ignited. As a result, a fan-shaped glow appeared at the top of the meniscus of the liquid at the end of the capillary or at the top of the decaying charged drop. For a viscous fluid, a series of successive decays of charged daughter droplets were immediately interrupted due to the damping effect of viscosity after a single split in half and the formation of self-charge-resistant droplets, and no corona discharge flare was formed.
Analytical method development and validation for the determination of Flibanserin using reverse phase HPLC method
Authors: Pulusu Veera Shakar , Kommarajula Parasharamulu
Published: March 2022

Flibanserin (Addyi) is a medication used to treat women who have not gone through menopause who have low sexual desire. Specific and simple stability indicating method was developed and validated by high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) for the determination of Flibanserin. Separation was carried out by using a mobile phase consisting of 0.01M Potassium phosphate monohydrate buffer (KH2PO4) pH 3.50 buffer: Acetonitrile in the ratio of 60:40. The column used was Agilent C18, (150×4.6) mm, 5µm with a flow rate of 1.0ml/min and temperature at 30°C. The detection was carried out at 248 nm and Flibanserin was eluted at around 2.8min. This method was validated as per ICH guidelines and validation included specificity, precision, linearity, accuracy, forced degradation, and robustness. Forced degradation was conducted under the conditions of hydrolysis, oxidation, thermal, acid, base, and peroxide hydrolysis. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range from 20 to 200µg/mL and the coefficient of determination (r2) was observed as 0.9998. The precision and accuracy of the method were within the acceptable range. The results of this study showed that the validated method is simple and accurate, which confirmed that the method is suitable for the determination of Flibanserin.
Chemical composition and productivity for corn as affected by inorganic, organic nitrogen fertilizers and activators (Humic and Fulvic acid)
Authors: Abd-Elzaher Mohammed A. , Ibrahim Ibrahim Z. , Khalil Fathi A. , Mohamed Wagih S.
Published: March 2022

The present investigation was carried out to study the effects of inorganic, organic nitrogen fertilizers and activators (Humic and Fulvic acid) on chemical composition and productivity of corn. This study was conducted at Shandweel Agricultural Research Stations, Sohag Governorate, Egypt, and is situated at 26.60 N latitude and 37.70 E longitude. Its altitude is about 70 m above mean sea level. Also, this study was performed during two successive summer seasons 2014 and 2015. The experiments were laid down in split-split plot design with four replications. The treatments were included mineral nitrogen application in three levels (i.e. 60, 90 and 120 kg N fed.-1), organic and bio fertilizer application (without organic and bio fertilizer, 10 m3 FYM fed.-1 and Microbeine inoculume) as well as foliar spray of humic acid (water spraying, humic and fulvic acid spraying). The obtained results revealed that the interaction effects of all factors under study were significant for all studied traits.