bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of shear surface of landslides using electrical resistivity tomography
Authors: Dostál Ivan , Putiška René , Kušnirák David
Published: January 2015

Geophysical methods offer a broad spectrum of information by dealing with slope deformations. The electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) method is mainly applied for spatial localization of the landslide body and depicting the shear zone position. This article presents the application of the ERT method for the landslide hazardous areas by means of numerical modelling. Four different synthetic models with very small resistivity contrast (30 Ohm.m/50 Ohm.m), where each model represents a different type of slope deformation, were tested by several factors affecting the final inverse model: measurement point density, L1 and L2 norm and L-norm roughness filter components. The higher measurement points density helps mainly to detect the boundaries at greater depths. Inverse models computed using the L1 norm bring satisfactory results for compact anomalous bodies, i.e. water saturated landslide body. In the case of subtle conductive zones, i.e. shear planes, the L2 norm based inversion is recommended. For enhanced reconstruction of skewed anomalous objects, roughness filter including a diagonal component produces more accurate inverse image. The article also demonstrates the ability of the ERT method to detect and describe the shape of the slope deformation even by a relative subtle resistivity contrast
Hybrid Statistical Testing for Nuclear Material Accounting Data and/or Process Monitoring Data in Nuclear Safeguards
Authors: Burr Tom , Hamada Michael , Ticknor Larry , Sprinkle James
Published: January 2015

The aim of nuclear safeguards is to ensure that special nuclear material is used for peaceful purposes. Historically, nuclear material accounting (NMA) has provided the quantitative basis for monitoring for nuclear material loss or diversion, and process monitoring (PM) data is collected by the operator to monitor the process. PM data typically support NMA in various ways, often by providing a basis to estimate some of the in-process nuclear material inventory. We develop options for combining PM residuals and NMA residuals (residual = measurement − prediction), using a hybrid of period-driven and data-driven hypothesis testing. The modified statistical tests can be used on time series of NMA residuals (the NMA residual is the familiar material balance), or on a combination of PM and NMA residuals. The PM residuals can be generated on a fixed time schedule or as events occur.
Mechanisms and Αpplications of Ιnterleukins in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Anestakis Doxakis , Petanidis Savvas , Kalyvas Spyridon , Nday Christiane , Tsave Olga , Kioseoglou Efrosini , Salifoglou Athanasios
Published: January 2015

Over the past years, advances in cancer immunotherapy have resulted in innovative and novel approaches in molecular cancer diagnostics and cancer therapeutic procedures. However, due to tumor heterogeneity and inter-tumoral discrepancy in tumor immunity, the clinical benefits are quite restricted. The goal of this review is to evaluate the major cytokines-interleukins involved in cancer immunotherapy and project their basic biochemical and clinical applications. Emphasis will be given to new cytokines in pre-clinical development, and potential directions for future investigation using cytokines. Furthermore, current interleukin-based approaches and clinical trial data from combination cancer immunotherapies will also be discussed. It appears that continuously increasing comprehension of cytokine-induced effects, cancer stemness, immunoediting, immune-surveillance as well as understanding of molecular interactions emerging in the tumor microenvironment and involving microRNAs, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), inflammation, and DNA methylation processes may hold much promise in improving anti-tumor immunity. To this end, the emerging in-depth knowledge supports further studies on optimal synergistic combinations and additional adjuvant therapies to realize the full potential of cytokines as immunotherapeutic agents.
Emergent Chemical Behavior in Variable-Volume Protocells
Authors: Shirt-Ediss Ben , Solé Ricard , Ruiz-Mirazo Kepa
Published: January 2015

Artificial protocellular compartments and lipid vesicles have been used as model systems to understand the origins and requirements for early cells, as well as to design encapsulated reactors for biotechnology. One prominent feature of vesicles is the semi-permeable nature of their membranes, able to support passive diffusion of individual solute species into/out of the compartment, in addition to an osmotic water flow in the opposite direction to the net solute concentration gradient. Crucially, this water flow affects the internal aqueous volume of the vesicle in response to osmotic imbalances, in particular those created by ongoing reactions within the system. In this theoretical study, we pay attention to this often overlooked aspect and show, via the use of a simple semi-spatial vesicle reactor model, that a changing solvent volume introduces interesting non-linearities into an encapsulated chemistry. Focusing on bistability, we demonstrate how a changing volume compartment can degenerate existing bistable reactions, but also promote emergent bistability from very simple reactions, which are not bistable in bulk conditions. One particularly remarkable effect is that two or more chemically-independent reactions, with mutually exclusive reaction kinetics, are able to couple their dynamics through the variation of solvent volume inside the vesicle. Our results suggest that other chemical innovations should be expected when more realistic and active properties of protocellular compartments are taken into account.
Linking Protein Motion to Enzyme Catalysis
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Abeysinghe Thelma , Kohen Amnon
Published: January 2015

Enzyme motions on a broad range of time scales can play an important role in various intra- and intermolecular events, including substrate binding, catalysis of the chemical conversion, and product release. The relationship between protein motions and catalytic activity is of contemporary interest in enzymology. To understand the factors influencing the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the dynamics of the protein-solvent-ligand complex must be considered. The current review presents two case studies of enzymes—dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and thymidylate synthase (TSase)—and discusses the role of protein motions in their catalyzed reactions. Specifically, we will discuss the utility of kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) and their temperature dependence as tools in probing such phenomena.
Interaction Between Subjective Well-Being, Economic Activity and Education in the EU
Authors: Gataūlinas Artūras , Zabarauskaitė Rasa
Published: January 2015

The article examines the impact of professional well-being of EU citizens on their life satisfaction at both micro and macro levels. The following indicators were selected to describe the professional well-being: involvment in the official employment, level of education, and job satisfaction. The findings of the article suggest that employed respondents evaluated their subjective well-being significantly higher as compared to those not participating in the labour market. Similar findings were drawn when comparing subjective well-being of the respondents in relation to their education. Respondents with higher education reported significantly higher statistically proven subjective well-being than those with lower education. In the article, the interpretation of the findings is based on the conceptual model of subjective well-being of needs as well as on the role of employment and education in satisfaction of physiological and socially acceptable needs of individuals. Work activity is more directly linked with the satisfaction of individual needs than education. However, engagement in work has only an impact on subjective well-being if work activity is perceived as job satisfaction. If employment is perceived by individuals as providing greater satisfaction, it tends to make a more positive impact on the subjective well-being of individuals compared to activities that are perceived as providing less satisfaction.
Créations d'enveloppes sensorielles paradoxales
Authors: Le Poulichet Sylvie
Published: January 2015

À partir d’étranges formations sensorielles et de théories d’allure délirante dans certains passages adolescents, sont présentées les notions de « créations d’enveloppes sensorielles paradoxales » et de « théories fantastiques de l’adolescence ». Le recours à la sensorialité n’est ni un déficit ni une régression, mais une création paradoxale – protectrice et persécutrice – qui permet d’élaborer dans le transfert les traces refoulées du sexuel infantile inconscient, articulées aux compositions corporelles et fantasmatiques propres à l’adolescence.
Le travail d'empêchement de l'effraction sensorielle
Authors: Branchard Laurent , Pirlot Gérard
Published: January 2015

Le travail du négatif à l’adolescence est présenté comme une participation de l’alexithymie en tant qu’évitement d’une sensorialité traumatique. Aussi, l’adolescence peut se comprendre non seulement comme réactivation œdipienne, mais encore comme risque de surgissement sensoriel ressemblant à celui du début de la vie. Une clinique à partir de la sensorialité est alors à envisager.
Raisonner comme un bijou
Authors: Duflo Colas
Published: January 2015

En 1748, Diderot publie son premier roman, Les Bijoux indiscrets , s’inscrivant dans la veine du conte oriental parodique et libertin à la manière de Crébillon fils. Mais il y a un autre modèle de fiction orientale, celui des Lettres persanes , qui se sert de la trame romanesque pour aborder les débats intellectuels de son temps et mettre en scène les questions philosophiques les plus fondamentales. Trois ans avant la parution du premier volume de l’ Encyclopédie , Diderot expérimente à son tour les possibilités philosophiques de la fiction en inventant une nouvelle forme de philosophie narrative.
Allen Wood et la question de l'immoralisme de Marx
Authors: Hoarau Jacques
Published: January 2015

Les écrits de Marx contiennent un certain nombre de passages « immoralistes », dans lesquels la morale dans son ensemble est rejetée ou caractérisée comme une illusion idéologique. Cet article est une tentative de comprendre ce que ces passages pourraient signifier, et de voir s’il convient de les prendre au sérieux en tant qu’affirmations de Marx sur la morale. Ces passages peuvent être interprétés comme des attaques contre la morale, par opposition à des valeurs non morales, et si l’on pose que la conception de la moralité de Marx était hégélienne dans certains aspects essentiels, ces attaques peuvent trouver un fondement solide dans la théorie matérialiste de l’histoire de Marx 2 .
Israël et l'Eurasie : le retour de la doctrine de la périphérie ?
Authors: Samaan Jean-Loup
Published: January 2015

Au cours des dernières années, la doctrine israélienne de la « périphérie » a été ressuscitée pour illustrer la nouvelle stratégie de l’État hébreu en Eurasie, en particulier vis-à-vis de pays tels que la Grèce, l’Inde et l’Azerbaïdjan. Malgré les spéculations entourant la résurgence de cette doctrine, des inconnues subsistent. Les relations entre Israël et ces pays sont des coopérations bilatérales et il n’existe pas une ébauche d’alliance entre l’ensemble de ces pays. Par ailleurs, ces partenariats contemporains souffrent de la comparaison avec ceux établis durant la Guerre froide (avec la Turquie, l’Iran et l’Ethiopie). Si la doctrine n’atteste pas véritablement d’une stratégie eurasienne d’Israël, elle reflète en creux l’angoisse stratégique israélienne actuelle. Face à un panorama régional dégradé, on en revient à un logiciel diplomatique développé lors de la fondation de l’État hébreu. C’est donc moins une réalité géostratégique qu’il faut voir dans cette résurrection de l’alliance des périphéries que le miroir des inquiétudes israéliennes.
Enjeux des relations avec le pouvoir politique et institutionnel
Authors: Passani Étienne
Published: January 2015

Aujourd’hui plus qu’hier, l’élu est une figure incontournable pour l’entreprise de construction. Les lois de décentralisation leur donne davantage de prérogatives, en même temps qu’elles les soumettent à davantage de contraintes. Constamment au front, les élus locaux constituent un rouage incontournable des relations institutionnelles. Pour affronter les défis de son entreprise et ceux des collectivités, le diplomate d’entreprise construit une coopération étroite et solidaire entre la sphère privée et la sphère publique. Il a dû s’adapter, acquérir une nouvelle expertise afin de pouvoir répondre à des demandes toujours plus précises de la part des collectivités. Il est un communiquant stratège, à même de relever les défis des relations avec le pouvoir politique et institutionnel.
Correspondencia sobre la estela romana de Araño (Rianxo) conservada en el Museo de Pontevedra
Authors: Santos Fernández Carlos
Published: January 2015

La finalidad de esta colaboración es dar a conocer un conjunto de documentos, fundamentalmente cartas (suscritas, entre otros, por Casto Sampedro, Eladio Oviedo Arce o Ricardo Blanco-Cicerón), acerca de una estela funeraria romana (CIRG-I n.º 81) adscribible al Subgrupo Rías Baixas, hallada en 1907 en Araño (Rianxo) y que actualmente se exhibe en el Museo de Pontevedra. Los documentos, que se transcriben íntegramente en el Apéndice, proceden de cinco archivos gallegos (Museo do Pobo Galego, Museo de Pontevedra, Real Academia Galega, Catedral de Santiago e Instituto de Estudios Gallegos Padre Sarmiento), y proporcionan nuevos datos sobre el descubrimiento de la estela, las laboriosas gestiones encaminadas a su adquisición, el ingreso en la Sociedad Arqueológica de Pontevedra, su exhibición en la Exposición Regional Gallega de 1909 y las infructuosas negociaciones encaminadas a que la pieza quedara definitivamente en Santiago. Antecede a la transcripción y estudio de los documentos una descripción de la estela (que presenta inscripción y doble registro figurativo, antropomorfo y arquitectónico), y una revisión de lo publicado acerca de este monumento epigráfico.

[gl] A finalidade desta colaboración é dar a coñecer un conxunto de documentos, principalmente cartas (asinadas, entre outros, por Casto Sampedro, Eladio Oviedo Arce ou Ricardo Blanco-Cicerón), que fan referencia á estela funeraria romana (CIRG-I n.º 81) adscribible ó Subgrupo Rías Baixas, atopada en 1907 en Araño (Rianxo) e conservada na actualidade no Museo de Pontevedra. Os documentos, que se transcriben integramente no Apéndice, proceden de cinco arquivos galegos (Museo do Pobo Galego, Museo de Pontevedra, Real Academia Galega, Catedral de Santiago e Instituto de Estudios Gallegos Padre Sarmiento), e ofrecen novos datos acerca do achado da lápida, das laboriosas xestións cara a súa adquisición, do ingreso na Sociedad Arqueológica de Pontevedra, da exhibición na Exposición Regional Gallega de 1909 e das infrutuosas negociacións para que a peza quedara definitivamente en Santiago. Antecede á transcripción e estudo dos documentos unha descrición da estela (que presenta inscrición e duplo rexistro figurativo, antropomorfo e arquitectónico), así como unha revisión do publicado arredor deste monumento epigráfico
“Hungary 70”: Non-remembering the Holocaust in Hungary
Authors: Pető Andrea
Published: January 2015

Analysis of memory studies is usually focusing on processes of remembrance, looking at the actors, sites, processes, institutions of remembering. This article however looks at non-remembering as a conscious strategy of not participating in commemorations of the 70th Anniversary of the Holocaust in Hungary. It claims that lack of common language, the imprisonment of a “true” versus “false” dichotomy is contributing to the further pillarisation of the Hungarian memory culture.
The archives of terror and mourning in contemporary Spain
Authors: Villalta Luna Alfonso Manuel
Published: January 2015

This article takes an integral approach to the documentation generated during the Francoist dictatorship as a result of repression. It analyzes the different typologies of the archives of Spanish repression, ranging from the records and case files produced by repressive institutions to family archives containing personal documents that are witness of the repression. These private archives safeguard family memory by preserving objects and documents which include family letters, postcards, photographs, drawings and many other materials that belonged to disappeared ancestors. Finally, the article reflects on the benefits of a public memory policy which tackles the recovery, custodianship, preservation and dissemination of all these documents: a fundamental task in forging a collective memory of the people and forming a shared identity among its citizens.
Mass graves gone missing: Producing knowledge in a world of absence
Authors: Douglas Lee
Published: January 2015

On May 1st, 2014 members of the historical memory team from the Aranzadi Sciences Society arrived in Oropesa de Toledo. The objective: to locate two mass graves containing the remains of Republicans killed in the weeks after Franco’s troops entered the town in 1936. Despite evidence regarding the mass graves’ existence, they were never found. Drawing on empirical, ethnographic data collected in the town of Oropesa in the months following this “unsuccessful” exhumation, this paper narrates the curious story of two graves that have “gone missing.” It considers the intellectual labor exerted to produce historical knowledge in a context where municipal archives remain inaccessible and family histories are marked by silence and dis-information. The author suggests that the absence of information –the dearth of historical, narrative evidence– regarding the lives of the defeated makes the production of historical and forensic knowledge a complicated affair. It tracks how kin-based knowledge and scarce archival documents are gathered and animated in order to make exhumations possible. Considering the forms of knowledge that are needed in order to engage techno-scientific expertise in meaningful ways, the paper attends to the important role that kin-based knowledge and seemingly “unimportant” documents play in processes of historical enunciation.
Transnational history. What lies behind the label? Some reflections from the Early Modernist’s point of view
Authors: Yun Casalilla Bartolomé
Published: January 2015

This essay presents the transnational approach to history from an early modern historian’s perspective. It starts with a short historiographical review of the recent trends in this field, showing how the transnational approach has been used predominantly in the study of contemporary history. Distancing itself from purely terminological debates, the essay discusses how the transnational approach can also be contextualized as a tool to understand pre-modern European societies or, by extension, the history of societies that do not fit the modern notion of the nation and are not organized as nation states, emphasizing the heuristic possibilities of this approach. The essay concludes by recalling some important contributions made from this perspective, even when their authors do not use the term “trans-national”.
Investigating Factors Affecting Adoption of eCRM in the Australian Service Industry
Authors: Lin Chad , Jalleh Geoffrey
Published: January 2015

In order to grow and survive in a highly competitive market like the service industry, Electronic Customer Relationship Management (eCRM) has become a popular tool for Australian service organizations to attract, manage, and enhance customer relationships. However, due to increased competition and decreased product/services marketing cycle time, managing and building customer relationships have become a challenge for most service organizations. Ineffective eCRM adoption process can result in financial losses for the organizations. Hence, case studies are conducted to identify and examine potential IT costs and risk factors involved in the adoption of eCRM projects. The findings in the chapter provide senior executives with a more realistic insight into dealing with issues and challenges arising from the adoption of eCRM.
Loving and Hating Brands
Authors: Loureiro Sandra Maria Correia
Published: January 2015

Consumers develop relationships with diverse brands regarding brands as partners. Brands are viewed by customers as symbolic meanings and social and cultural value, which is beyond the utilitarian benefits. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to explore the research on Consumer-Brand Relationship (CBR) and present a theoretical model of consumer-brand relationship process, giving insights for good and bad relationships. The chapter begins with the origin and evolution of CBR. Then, an overview of main theories and the seminal models are shown. Finally, a model of consumer-brand relationship process through good and bad relationships is proposed, and insights for further research are provided.
Modelling of Consumer Goods Markets
Authors: Glavin Stephen E. , Sengupta Abhijit
Published: January 2015

An agent-based behavioral model incorporating utility-based rational choice enhanced with psychological drivers is presented to study a typical consumer market. The psychological drivers incorporate purchase strategies of loyalty and change-of-pace, using agent-specific memory of past purchases. Attribute-specific preferences and prices drive the utility-based choice function. Transactions data is used to calibrate and test the model. Results indicate that prediction accuracy at both macro and micro levels can be significantly improved with the incorporation of purchase strategies. Moreover, increased agent memory does not improve predictions in the model beyond a threshold, indicating that consumer memory of past shopping instances is finite and recent purchase history is more relevant to current decision making than the distant past. The chapter illustrates the use of agent-based simulations to model changes or interventions in the market, such as new product introductions, for which no history exists.
Customers as External Sources of Knowledge to Foster Innovation
Authors: Cantú Laura Zapata , Pineda José Luis
Published: January 2015

The overall aim and contribution of this chapter is to identify the main sources of knowledge generation in Mexican firms and the organizational elements that are relevant in this process. Knowledge generation occurs through external knowledge acquisition and internal knowledge creation. The latter process is facilitated by personal motivation and the learning opportunities it offers to the organization's employees, who play a key role as initiative and suggestion carriers. In order to evaluate the phenomenon under study, which the literature review reflects as an incipient stage, an exploratory study was conducted. Several interviews were conducted in 23 firms. The results show how knowledge generation activities differ among services and manufacturing firms in 23 Mexican organizations. Services firms emphasize course socialization, meetings, customers and outsourcing, manufacturing in customers, and employee self-directed learning.
Argumentation and Modeling
Authors: Clark Douglas B. , Sengupta Pratim
Published: January 2015

There is now growing consensus that K12 science education needs to focus on core epistemic and representational practices of scientific inquiry (Duschl, Schweingruber, & Shouse, 2007; Lehrer & Schauble, 2006). In this chapter, the authors focus on two such practices: argumentation and computational modeling. Novice science learners engaging in these activities often struggle without appropriate and extensive scaffolding (e.g., Klahr, Dunbar, & Fay, 1990; Schauble, Klopfer, & Raghavan, 1991; Sandoval & Millwood, 2005; Lizotte, Harris, McNeill, Marx, & Krajcik, 2003). This chapter proposes that (a) integrating argumentation and modeling can productively engage students in inquiry-based activities that support learning of complex scientific concepts as well as the core argumentation and modeling practices at the heart of scientific inquiry, and (b) each of these activities can productively scaffold the other. This in turn can lead to higher academic achievement in schools, increased self-efficacy in science, and an overall increased interest in science that is absent in most traditional classrooms. This chapter provides a theoretical framework for engaging students in argumentation and a particular genre of computer modeling (i.e., agent-based modeling), illustrates the framework with examples of the authors' own research and development, and introduces readers to freely available technologies and resources to adopt in classrooms to engage students in the practices discussed in the chapter.
Gestural Articulations of Embodied Spatiality
Authors: Lee Lai Har Judy , San Chee Yam
Published: January 2015

The work described in this paper is part of a design-based research involving the use of a game-based learning curriculum to foster students' understanding of physics concepts and principles governing the motion of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields. Students engaged in game-play and discussed the dynamics of the charged particles within the 3D game environment. The discussion sessions were video-recorded and an analysis was carried out on the gestures used by a group of students attempting to generalize their observations of the phenomena. The students' gestures were analyzed to gain insights on their embodied sense-making of charged particle dynamics. The analysis showed that the students used gestures to (1) establish a shared frame of reference, (2) enact embodied game experience, and (3) enable the development of new understanding that surpasses their own existing vocabulary. Implications are discussed with regard to how teachers may take students' gestures into account when facilitating the development of concepts with a strong visuo-spatial core.
Using Technology to Engage Students with the Standards for Mathematical Practice
Authors: Sherman Milan
Published: January 2015

This chapter discusses how the use of Dynamic Geometry Software (DGS) can be used to support students' engagement with the Standards for Mathematical Practice as outlined in Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSS-M). In particular, the aim of this chapter is to (1) describe what students' strategic use of appropriate tools might entail in a DGS environment, and (2) argue that for students to engage in these practices in a DGS environment, they must construct meaning for and with these tools in the process of instrumental genesis. Illustrative examples are provided from three secondary mathematics classrooms, and the chapter concludes with recommendations for future research and teacher education in this area.
Experiences in Usability Evaluation of Educational Programming Tools
Authors: Velázquez-Iturbide J. Ángel , Pérez-Carrasco Antonio , Debdi Ouafae
Published: January 2015

This chapter advocates for an approach to constructing educational tools that consists in designing small systems aimed at achieving clear educational goals and evaluating them in actual teaching situations. The authors addressed this approach with a number of small systems. In this chapter, they describe their experience in the development, use, and evaluation of two educational systems: SRec and GreedEx. The former is a highly interactive program animation system of recursion, and the latter is an interactive assistant aimed at learning the role of selection functions in greedy algorithms by means of experimentation. The evaluations allowed the authors to identify faults and weaknesses of the systems, and these results were used to enhance the systems. Moreover, their approach has yielded very high values with respect to effectiveness and student satisfaction.
Death in Rome
Authors: Kennedy-Clark Shannon , Galstaun Vilma , Anderson Kate
Published: January 2015

This chapter presents a case study that used an online game in a pre-service science teacher training course in the context of computer-supported inquiry learning. Numerous studies have shown that pre-service teachers complete their education with an inadequate range of skills and knowledge in the use of technology in the classroom. In this study, the authors focus on developing pre-service teachers' skills in using a game to teach students through inquiry-based learning. The game used in this study was Death in Rome, a free to access point-and-click game. In the workshop, the participants were required to complete an inquiry-based learning activity using an online game. Overall, this study shows a positive change in attitudes towards game-based learning in science education.
Rooted in Teaching
Authors: Gross Lisa A. , James Joy , Frauman Eric
Published: January 2015

Research in Environmental Socialization (ES) and the impact of significant life experiences suggest that childhood play in outdoor environments shape later adult activities or career interests. Few studies have investigated how childhood experiences influence curricular interests of preservice and inservice teachers. This preliminary study examines what ES factors of teachers raised in rural and/or non-rural environments reveal about their interests in science topics and field-based learning opportunities. Results suggest that teachers growing up in rural areas were slightly less interested than non-rural teachers in field-based learning and expressed less experience with environmental education. Teachers with more ES experiences (e.g., played in the woods, built forts) expressed greater interest in science-related topics than those who had indicated fewer experiences. Rural teachers tended to have more ES experiences than non-rural teachers. The authors discuss how environmental socialization factors influence teacher preference for curricular programs specific to environmental and ecological topics and raise questions about the changing environmental socialization experiences of preservice and novice teachers.
The Iterative Shooting Method Applied to the Modeling of the In-Run Profile of a Ski Jumping Hill
Authors: Filipowska Renata
Published: January 2015

This paper treats an iterative shooting method based on sensitivity functions for solving non–linear two–point boundary value problems (BVPs), in the form of a second–order differential equation and four boundary conditions. The solution of this BVP constitutes an in–run profile of a ski jumping hill. It is characterized by reduced a normal reaction force, which has impact on ski jumper’s legs during sliding downhill. In order to use this method, it is necessary to convert the BVP to an appropriate initial value problem (IVP). Consequently, in each iteration, we must solve a system of six first–order differential equations.
Analytic Hierarchy Process Method Based on the Cask Theory
Authors: Li Yan , Mu Xiao Dong , Song Wei , Shi Hui Wei
Published: January 2015

When using the traditional AHP to evaluate the system,the method of endow with weight is to request expert build the judgment matrix of every hierarchies. The method is over-subjective for its overdependence on expert system. In view of this, this paper puts forward an analytic hierarchy process method based on the cask theory. This method penalizes the index whose index value is too low to having a strong impact on overall system performance. Using this method achieves the goal of reducing the subjectivity. Finally, according to the example, this method’s superiority is proved.
MaxMining: A Novel Algorithm for Mining Maximal Frequent Itemset
Authors: Wang Hui
Published: January 2015

We present a new algorithm for mining maximal frequent itemsets, MaxMining, from big transaction databases. MaxMining employs the depth-first traversal and iterative method. It re-represents the transaction database by vertical tidset format, travels the search space with effective pruning strategies which reduces the search space dramatically. MaxMining removes all the non-maximal frequent itemsets to get the exact set of maximal frequent itemsets directly, no need to enumerate all the frequent itemsets from smaller ones step by step. It backtracks to the proper ancestor directly, needless level by level, ignoring those redundant frequent itemsets. We found that MaxMining can be more effective to find all the maximal frequent itemsets from big databases than many of proposed algorithms with ordinary pruning strategies.
Research on Bifurcation of Asymmetric System Based on Second-Order Averaging Method
Authors: Hu An Kang , Liu Ya Chong , Lu Yu , Han Feng Lei
Published: January 2015

Bifurcation which may lead to chaos is the typical character of nonlinear system, and an asymmetric system with asymmetric parameter is adopted in this paper. The basic characteristics which vary with the asymmetric parameter are investigated firstly, and then, the second-order averaging method is used to investigate the local bifurcation of the asymmetric system. The super and sub critical saddle-node bifurcation curves of both left center and right center of the system are solved analytically. The results show that the degree of asymmetric is influenced by the value of asymmetric parameter and the two bifurcation curves of the same center are intersected at the point which also depends on the asymmetric parameter value.
Research on Nonlinear Approximation Model of Radial Basis Function Neural Network Trained Using Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm with Adaptive Adjustment
Authors: Gan Xu Sheng , Tang Xue Qin , Gao Hai Long
Published: January 2015

In order to improve the modeling efficiency of RBF neural network, an Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (AFSA) training algorithm with an adaptive mechanism is proposed. In the training algorithm, the search step size and visible domain of AFSA algorithm can be adjusted dynamically according to the convergence characteristics of artificial fish swarm, and then the improved AFSA algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of RBF neural network. The example shows that, the proposed model is a better approximation performance for the nonlinear function.
Sediment Yield Simulation Using SWAT Model for Water Environmental Protection in an Agricultural Watershed
Authors: Xu Kai , Peng Hui Qing , Rifu De Ge Ji , Zhang Rui Xin , Xiao Hao , Shi Qian
Published: January 2015

Soil erosion in a catchment has becoming a serious environmental issue for an increasing damage to the surface ecological environment. To quantitatively simulate the sediment yield, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was introduced in Tao River Basin. The investigation was conducted using a 8-year historical observed sediment data from 2001 to 2008. The performance evaluation shows that the simulated monthly sediment yield matched the observed data satisfactorily, with Re was less than 15%, R2 > 0.9 and Nash-suttclife (Ens)>0.8 for both calibration (2001-2004) and validation period (2005-2008) at two observed stations, indicating the validity of SWAT model for sediment yield simulation in the study area. The results of this study can be helpful for solving the soil erosion issue for water environmental protection.
Accounting for Climate and Typology of Reuse of Offshore Structures with a Change of Function
Authors: Dunichkin Ilya Vladimirovich , Kalashnikov Pavel Kirillovich
Published: January 2015

The new typology of marine facilities deals with the problem of offshore oil and gas fields’ infrastructure usage after their elimination. The influence of climate on offshore structures and the authorities’ requirements in the matter of natural environment protection create huge costs for oil and gas companies, if the abandoned platform will be at sea. The concept of oil platform reconstruction with the change of functionhas allowedto create theoretical model of offshore structure and to identify the most relevant functions for the reconstructed objects. It has led to the following basic groups of architectural typology.
Multi-Information Model Fused Framework for Chinese Dialect Identification
Authors: Xia Yu Guo , Gu Ming Liang
Published: January 2015

This paper presents a model fused approach to Chinese dialect identification by combining multi-information including acoustic, phonotactic and prosodic feature. At first we analyze the way to translate language information into these features, and then propose a model fused framework for back-end classification. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves identification performance greatly and the prosodic features are more effective for shorter speech.
Research on Collaborative Design Practice of REVIT Based on BIM
Authors: Luo Ping , Tang Jun
Published: January 2015

With the continuous improvement of the level China architectural design, BIM technique is applied more and more widely in China. Collaborative design is one of the core ideas of design using BIM technology, reasonable design using BIM software can realize the architectural, structure, water supply and drainage, electrical, ventilation and air conditioning and other collaborative design speciality. In this paper, by using the Revit Server deployment server, different professional designers respectively by Revit Architecture, Revit Structure and Revit MEP collaborative design. Through collaborative design technology of the application of Revit in the The main control building project, a 80% reduction in the designer communication project design time, total time reduced by 50% than the traditional model, and achieved good application effect and economic benefit.
Preparation and Curing Behavior of Silicone-Modified Phenolic Resin
Authors: Qi Yi Xin , Qin Yan , Shi Min Xian , Li Yun Xia
Published: January 2015

Silicone-modified phenolic resin was prepared by synthesizing phenol, formaldehyde and phenyltrimethoxysilane, which were supported by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR). The carbon residual rate of Silicone-modified phenolic resin increased steeply when the silicone modifier was added increasing from 5% to 15%(on resin base) which was tested in an air atmosphere,from room temperature to 800 °C by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) ,modified resin of 15% silicone modifier had the highest carbon residue rate. Curing process of silicone-modified phenolic resin determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was: 80°C/4h+100°C/2h+120°C/2h+160°C/3h+180°C/2h. Curing Kinetic Study on silicone-modified phenolic resin was made to understand the curing process better.
A Study on the Carbon Emissions Calculation Model of Iron and Steel Products Based on EIO-LCA
Authors: Luo Xing Ling , Zou An Quan , Quan Chun Guang
Published: January 2015

Carbon emission has become a global focus. The construction of carbon emissions calculation model is helpful for its control. Currently, there is still no uniform method about accounting on the carbon emissions of steel products. The common calculation models are not totally suitable for China. To make up for the shortcomings of them, this paper defines the life cycle system of the iron and steel products based on EIO-LCA, measures the quantity of the direct, indirect carbon emissions and carbon emission deduction in various stages of this life cycle, identifies the hotspot and department which contributes most in carbon emission, and takes Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd (abbreviated Xiang Gang) as an example to validate it. It shows that 2103.87kg of carbon in total would be emitted when one tonne of steel is produced by Xiang Gang. Among the total, the quantity of direct, indirect and deductible carbon emission are 2033.5kg, 216.75kg and 146.38kg respectively, namely carbon emissions of producing per ton of steel is 2.1 tons. Direct carbon emissions from all stages of the life cycle of steel products mainly exist in the stage of steel production and transportation. And ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry are the largest emissions industries of the total indirect emissions. Converting by-product gas, heat, and pressure into electrical energy use can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 146kg, which is the equivalent of reducing carbon dioxide emissions per ton of steel 0.15 tons. Therefore, in order to make the carbon dioxide emissions reach the advanced domestic level of 1.7 tons per ton steel, the iron and steel enterprises can meet emissions reduction targets by strengthening control of carbon emission and improving the efficiency of the utilization of secondary energy from small and large scale.
Modelling the Natural Evaporation of the Concentrated Seawater after Desalinized
Authors: Wang Xue Kui , Zhou Ying , Li Ling , Gao Tian Cheng , Tang Na
Published: January 2015

The influence of natural evaporation factors (the irradiation intensity, speed of the wind, temperature of the brine, temperature and relative humidity of the air) on the desalinated seawater evaporation rate was measured experimentally. A natural evaporation model was built by correlating the experimental data using the artificial neural network. This model was well correlated with the influence of natural evaporation factors, and it showed a good agreement of the results and evaporation theory.
Numerical Simulation of Flow Fluid in Elbow Pipe Based on FLUENT and the Establishment of the Pressure Model
Authors: Lu Xiao Yang , Li Xin Guang , Liu Jin Ming , Lu Xiao Li , Zhu Hong Liang , Zhou Yong
Published: January 2015

According to the FLUENT simulation results of the 90°elbow pipe fluid flow condition, the influence of the pressure distribution about the variation of the flow parameters (v、P0 、ρ) and the geometric parameters (R、d、k=R/d、α、β) is analyzed. By using the dimensionless analysis method, on the basis of the influence of the 32 set of parameter variations on the elbow pipe wall pressure distribution regularity, the pressure qualitative function is established including the geometric parameters and the flow parameters. Through the 155 kinds of the FLUENT simulation results, the fitting software 1stOpt is used to verify the internal pressure model above and fit the undetermined coefficients. The verification shows that the model is of a higher calculation precision and the relative error isn’t exceeding 0.003%. It provides a theoretical basis to check the strength of the bend and design the pipeline with high pressure and speed.
Study on Wavelet Packet Denoising Technique and its Application in Mechanical Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Xiao Qi Jun , Luo Zhong Hui , Wu Jun Lan
Published: January 2015

In this paper, the author introduces the principles of wavelet packet denoising, conducts a simulated analysis on the improved performance of wavelet packet denoising and develops the source Matlab program. In addition, the measured acoustic signals of seafloor sediments are denoised using wavelet packet. It is feasible to apply the wavelet packet denoising technique in a wide range of engineering testing fields involving denoising operation.
The Research of Wearable Electronic Medical Devices
Authors: Liu Xue Lin , Xu Jun Feng , Wang Hai Tao
Published: January 2015

Wearable electronic medical devices can realize non-intrusive and non-invasive monitoring of human body, which has the characters of removable operation, easy to use, long-lasting work, smart display diagnostic results, abnormal physiological condition alarms, wireless data transmission, achieve treatment data remote real-time monitoring and so on. In this paper, we collect information of the development process of wearable medical devices, and make the detailed description of the characteristics and development history about wearable electronic medical systems’ hardware and software design, pointing out the shortcomings and the development direction of existing equipment.
A Variational Level Set Remote Sensing SAR Image Segmentation Approach for Oil Spill Detecting Based on Fuzzy Cluster
Authors: Liu Jin Yu , Zhang Zheng Ning , Yang He Meng
Published: January 2015

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has become one of the important means for the ocean remote sensing detection of oil spills. The existing SAR image segmentation method has the issues of edge blur, poor contrast, non-uniform intensity image, so the segmentation effect is not ideal. This paper presents a variational level set SAR image of oil spill detection method based on fuzzy clustering. First of all, apply the threshold method on initial segmentation of the original SAR image to transform the initial segmented image as fuzzy clustering. Secondly, introduce the clustering results into the initial level set function to achieve the initial contour. Finally, add fuzzy clustering model in the level set energy function to complete the level set evolution process and get the final segmented image. This paper uses the threshold segmentation results to achieve the initialization of the variational level set function profile. In theory, it could improve the level set method for efficiency, and reduce the wrong segmentation phenomenon. The experimental results show that the SAR image segmentation method of oil spill has good segmentation qualities and is suitable for the edge complex image segmentation.
Numerical Calculation of NMR Response for the 3D Digital Core Constructed with CT Images of the Tight Rock
Authors: Zhang Yuan Zhong , Zhang Bao Lei
Published: January 2015

The tight rock often has low porosity, low permeability and poor pore connectivity, which it is difficult for formation evaluation. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) logging is widely used in fluid typing and reservoir parameters determination to provide the information of porosity, permeability and pore size distribution. NMR relaxation mechanisms are characterized by the pore-scale petrophysical models. Monte Carlo algorithm describes the Brownian motion of fluid molecules in pore space. In the paper we setup a 3D digital core of the tight sandstone with X-ray computer tomography (CT) images to model NMR response with Monte Carlo random walk algorithm. We compared T2 distributions from the numerical calculated pulse echo trains from the measurements. The results show that the simulated NMR response is consisted with the experiment.
Comparison between Commercial and Synthesized Hyperbranched Polyesters Regarding Fracture Toughness of Epoxy Matrix
Authors: Brocks Thatiane , Ambrogi Veronica , Cioffi Maria Odila Hilário
Published: January 2015

A hyperbranched poly (butylene adipate) (HPBA) polymer was compared with a commercial dendritic polyol (Boltorn H311) as toughening agent for a commercial one-part epoxy resin, Cycom 890 RTM. Both modifiers were added in a weight percentage 1, 3, 5 and 10 %. Blends obtained were characterized through DMA and impact resistance (KIC). SEM morphology were also evaluated. The toughness improvement was achieved without substantial impairment on thermomechanical properties. Fractography analysis has evidenced the fracture standard changing from brittle to ductile by modifiers addition.
Airport Runway FOD Detection from LFMCW Radar and Image Data
Authors: Guo Jing , Luo Yi , Sui Yun Feng , Yan Dan Qing , Zhong Qi
Published: January 2015

Airport runway Foreign Object Debris (FOD) jeopardizes flight safety and leads to a large amount of financial cost on flight maintenance constantly. Several FOD detection systems based on a variety of detection techniques and architectures have been developed. This paper gives a brief introduction of our FOD detection system, in comparison with FOD detection systems currently in the international market. What distinguish our system from all the others is that, our detection approach is based on both linear frequency modulated continuous wave (LFMCW) radar signal and image data. This innovation combines the advantages of radar in shape detection and image in appearance detection. As a result, it increases the FOD detection rate and reduces the false alarming rate. Experiments following Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) advisory indicate that our system has reached the FAA requirements.