bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhanced upconversion luminescence and tuned red-to-green emission ratio of LiGdF4 nanocrystals via Ca2+ doping
Authors: Xiong Zhenmin , Yang Yushi , Wang Youfa
Published: July 2016

The right amount of Ca2+ ions leads to a higher yield of LiGdF4 UCNPs and stronger red light upconversion emission.
Degradable polyurethane with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) brushes for protein resistance
Authors: Yang Jinxian , Li Lianwei , Ma Chunfeng , Ye Xiaodong
Published: July 2016

The effects of chain length and graft density of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) on the protein resistance of degradable polyurethane-graft-poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) with PCL as the soft segment have been investigated.
CoFe2O4 nanoparticles synthesized with natural templates
Authors: Ferreira L. P. , Cruz M. M. , Oliveira M. L. , Mendo S. G. , Alves A. F. , Godinho M. , Carvalho M. D.
Published: July 2016

CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with high magnetic coercivity were synthesized using natural templates.
Interactions between carbon species and β-spodumene by first principles calculation
Authors: Dai J. H. , Song Y. , Xia L. , Wang W. G.
Published: July 2016

The appearance of Li–C compounds will strengthen the binding properties between carbon species and β-spodumene matrix.
Integrated in situ transesterification for improved biodiesel production from oleaginous yeast: a value proposition for possible industrial implication
Authors: Chopra Jayita , Dineshkumar Ramalingam , Bhaumik Moumita , Dhanarajan Gunaseelan , Kumar RaviRanjan , Sen Ramkrishna
Published: July 2016

An integrated in situ transesterification process was developed in this study for energy and cost-efficient biodiesel production from oleaginous yeast biomass.
Mesoporous hydroxylapatite/activated carbon bead-on-string nanofibers and their sorption towards Co(ii)
Authors: Hao Lilan , Wang Hualin , Cai Ruizhi , Cheng Junfeng , Sun Min , Li Xingjiang , Jiang Shaotong
Published: July 2016

We fabricated mesoporous hydroxylapatite/activated carbon bead-on-string nanofibers from electrospun nanofibers by a hydrothermal method and evaluated their sorption towards Co(ii)viasorption kinetics and isotherms.
Phonon transport in the ground state of two-dimensional silicon and germanium
Authors: Han Yang , Dong Jinming , Qin Guangzhao , Hu Ming
Published: July 2016

Lower thermal conductivity and intrinsic electronic bandgap make large honeycomb dumbbell silicene/germanene prospective in future thermoelectrics.
Effect of strain on the electronic and magnetic properties of an Fe-doped WSe2 monolayer
Authors: Ma Xu , Zhao Xu , Wang Tianxing
Published: July 2016

We investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of an Fe-doped single-layer WSe2 sheet with strain from −10% to 10% using first-principles methods based on density functional theory.
Fluid dynamics: an emerging route for the scalable production of graphene in the last five years
Authors: Yi Min , Shen Zhigang
Published: July 2016

Fluid dynamics emerging as a promising scalable and efficient way for graphene production is highlighted, with the emphasis set on vortex fluidic devices and pressure- and mixer-driven fluid dynamics and the perspectives on the open key issues.
Ex vivo electric power generation in human blood using an enzymatic fuel cell in a vein replica
Authors: Pankratov Dmitry , Ohlsson Lars , Gudmundsson Petri , Halak Sanela , Ljunggren Lennart , Blum Zoltan , Shleev Sergey
Published: July 2016

Proof-of-principle demonstration of sustained electricity generation by a biofuel cell operating in an authentic human blood stream.
Carbon nanofiber matrix with embedded LaCO3OH synchronously captures phosphate and organic carbon to starve bacteria
Authors: Zhang Xintong , Wang Wei , Shi Wenxin , He Jiaojie , Feng Hui , Xu Yongpeng , Cui Fuyi , Wang Ce
Published: July 2016

Carbon nanofibers with embedded LaCO3OH synchronously remove phosphate and organic matter to realize bacterial starvation.
Chemical vapor deposition of bilayer graphene with layer-resolved growth through dynamic pressure control
Authors: Luo Birong , Chen Bingyan , Wang Anle , Geng Dechao , Xu Jie , Wang Huaping , Zhang Zhiyong , Peng Lianmao , Xu Zhiping , Yu Gui
Published: July 2016

Large-area AB stacked bilayer graphene layers with layer-resolved growth were successfully fabricated through dynamic pressure chemical vapor deposition.
Aromatic azaheterocycle-cored luminogens with tunable physical properties via nitrogen atoms for sensing strong acids
Authors: Tang Ruizhi , Wang Xinyang , Zhang Wanzheng , Zhuang Xiaodong , Bi Shuai , Zhang Wenbei , Zhang Fan
Published: July 2016

A series of aromatic azaheterocycle-cored luminogens with tunable physical properties via nitrogen atoms for sensing strong acids. They displayed reversible acidochromism in response to protonation and deprotonation in the solid state.
Moving window scheme for extracting secret keys in stationary environments
Authors: Cheng Longwang , Li Wei , Ma Dongtang , Wei Jibo , Liu Xu
Published: July 2016

In this study, the authors propose a novel secret key generation scheme to address the consecutively identical secret key bits problem in stationary environments. First, by randomising the phase of probe signals with stochastic coefficients, they sum the channel estimates in a moving window to get new records with remarkable fluctuations. Then, they propose an adaptive equal probability quantisation approach to ensure the randomness of the secret key. Furthermore, considering the worst scenario, the security of the scheme is evaluated in terms of the adversary's mean square error (MSE) for the single‐antenna system. While for the multi‐antenna system, they propose an artificial noise‐aided strategy to compromise the adversary's MSE performance. The simulation results reveal that the security of the scheme is guaranteed and a better security performance is achieved compared with the prior works. Finally, they validate the feasibility of the proposed scheme in real stationary environments. The testing results show that their scheme achieves remarkable performance in bit mismatch rate and key generation rate, and the generated keys pass the National Institute of Standards and Technology test.
Spectrum measurement modelling and prediction based on wavelets
Authors: Chen Yunfei , Oh Hee‐Seok
Published: July 2016

In this study, a new spectrum measurement modelling method is proposed for several important frequency bands by using the Daubechies wavelets. On the basis of this method, spectrum measurement prediction is also proposed by using regression. Unlike most previous works that model or predict the occupancy rate of the frequency band of interest, this study models and predicts the power measurements directly to remove the dependence of the model on the challenging detection threshold and also to provide more comprehensive descriptions of the licenced user signals for performance improvement in cognitive radios (CRs). Numerical results show that the new spectrum models have acceptable accuracies. They also show that the proposed spectrum measurement prediction method tracks the trend of the true values well. Therefore, these results are very useful in CR designs.
Semiconductor optical amplifiers for underwater optical wireless communications
Authors: Peppas Kostas P. , Boucouvalas Anthony C. , Ghassemloy Zabih , Khalighi Mohhamad‐Ali , Yiannopoulos Kostas , Sagias Nikos C.
Published: July 2016

Underwater optical wireless communications (UOWC) systems have recently received significant attention as an attractive solution for both research and commercial use because of their ability to provide high bandwidth communications over relatively short transmission spans along with their low operational cost. However, high absorption and scattering of optical transmission in the water limit the achievable range of underwater optical wireless links to only few metres. In this study, in an effort to increase the range and reliability of underwater optical wireless links, the authors propose to utilise semiconductor optical amplifiers at the receiver and discuss in a quantitative fashion the performance enhancements that can be achieved. After developing the required analytical framework, extensive numerical results are further provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme for different operating conditions. Specifically, assuming intensity modulation and direct detection schemes with on–off keying modulation, they evaluate the bit error rate of the proposed system configuration for different water types, link distances and forward error correction schemes. Performance evaluation results reveal that the use of optical amplification can significantly improve the quality of UWOC links.
Post—Ankylotic Temporomandibular Joint Reconstruction Using Autogenous/Alloplastic Materials: Our Protocol and Treatment Outcomes in 22 Patients
Authors: Bhardwaj Yogesh , Arya Saurabh
Published: July 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the various options of autogenous and alloplastic reconstruction modalities available for posttraumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. In a retrospective study of 22 patients, various autogenous/alloplastic materials were used based on type and severity of ankylosis and age of patient. Final outcome of reconstruction was critically evaluated in terms of maximal mouth opening, occlusion, and facial symmetry. Fourteen patients (63.63%) developed TMJ ankylosis due to road traffic accidents and eight patients (36.36%) had a history of fall. The mean age was 15.61 years. The mean preoperative maximum interincisal mouth opening (MIMO) for the entire series was 3.39 mm ± 2.16 and postoperative MIMO was 43.69 mm ± 2.63. Costochondral grafts were used in seven children, whereas titanium reconstruction plate with condylar head was used in five adults and interpositional arthroplasties using temporalis muscle, temporalis fascia, and relocation of the articular disc were used in the rest of the ten patients. We conclude that all these age-specific treatment modalities yield clinically comparable results in terms of postoperative mouth opening and facial symmetry with no evidence of reankylosis in a follow-up ranging from 24 to 96 months.
A temporally and spatially resolved electron density diagnostic method for the edge plasma based on Stark broadening
Authors: Zafar A. , Martin E. H. , Shannon S. C. , Isler R. C. , Caughman J. B. O.
Published: July 2016

An electron density diagnostic (≥1010 cm−3) capable of high temporal (ms) and spatial (mm) resolution is currently under development at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The diagnostic is based on measuring the Stark broadened, Doppler-free spectral line profile of the n = 6–2 hydrogen Balmer series transition. The profile is then fit to a fully quantum mechanical model including the appropriate electric and magnetic field operators. The quasi-static approach used to calculate the Doppler-free spectral line profile is outlined here and the results from the model are presented for H-δ spectra for electron densities of 1010–1013 cm−3. The profile shows complex behavior due to the interaction between the magnetic substates of the atom.
Reduction of S-parameter errors using singular spectrum analysis
Authors: Ozturk Turgut , Uluer İhsan , Ünal İlhami
Published: July 2016

A free space measurement method, which consists of two horn antennas, a network analyzer, two frequency extenders, and a sample holder, is used to measure transmission (S21) coefficients in 75-110 GHz (W-Band) frequency range. Singular spectrum analysis method is presented to eliminate the error and noise of raw S21 data after calibration and measurement processes. The proposed model can be applied easily to remove the repeated calibration process for each sample measurement. Hence, smooth, reliable, and accurate data are obtained to determine the dielectric properties of materials. In addition, the dielectric constant of materials (paper, polyvinylchloride-PVC, Ultralam® 3850HT, and glass) is calculated by thin sheet approximation and Newton-Raphson extracting techniques using a filtered S21 transmission parameter.
First-Principles Investigation on Triazine Based Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters
Authors: Fan Jian-zhong , Qiu Shuai , Lin Li-li , Wang Chuan-kui
Published: July 2016

Three kinds of triazine based organic molecules designed for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters are investigated by first-principles calculations. An optimal Hartree-Fork (HF) method is adopted for the calculation of energy gap between the first singlet state (S1) and the first triplet state (T1). The natural transition orbital, the electron-hole (e-h) distribution and the e-h overlap diagram indicate that the S1 states for the three systems include both charge-transfer and some localized excitation component. Further quantitative analysis of the excitation property is performed by introducing the index Δr and the integral of e-h overlap S. It is found that symmetric geometry is a necessary condition for TADF emitters, which can provide more delocalized transition orbitals and consequently a small S1-T1 energy gap. Artful inserting aromatic groups between donors and acceptors can significantly enhance the oscillator strength. Finally, the energy state structures calculated with the optimal HF method is presented, which can provide basis for the study of the dynamics of excited states.
FT-IR, XPS, and DFT Study of Adsorption Mechanism of Sodium Acetohydroxamate onto Goethite or Hematite
Authors: Wang Meng , Hu Hui-ping , Chen Qi-yuan , Ji Guang-fu
Published: July 2016

The adsorption of sodium acetohydroxamate on the goethite or hematite surface was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and periodic plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The core-level shifts and charge transfers of the adsorbed surface iron sites calculated by DFT with periodic interfacial structures were confronted to the X-ray photoemission experiments. FT-IR results reveal that the interfacial structure of sodium acetohydroxamate adsorbed on the goethite or hematite surface may be assigned to a five-membered ring complex. In agreement with the adsorption energies determined by the DFT calculations, a five-membered ring complex is formed via bonding of one surface iron atom of goethite (101) or (100) to both oxygen atoms of hydroxamate group, and these two oxygen atoms of the hydroxamate group correspondingly attach to two neighboring iron atoms of the goethite surface. But a five-membered ring complex between two oxygen atoms of the hydroxamate group and one surface iron atom of hematite (001) is formed without any extra attachments. The calculated core-level shifts of Fe2p for the interfacial structures are correspondingly in good agreement with the experimental observed one, which confirmed the reliability of the calculated results.
Theoretical Study on Gas Phase Reactions of OH Hydrogen-Abstraction from Formyl Fluoride with Different Catalysts
Authors: Wang Ding-mei , Long Zheng-wen , Tan Xing-feng , Long Bo , Zhang Wei-jun
Published: July 2016

The mechanisms and kinetics of the gas phase reactions that the hydrogen atom in formyl fluoride (FCHO) abstracted by OH in the presence of water, formic acid (FA), or sulfuric acid (SA) are theoretically investigated at the CCSD(T)/6-311++G(3df, 3pd)//M06-2X/6-311++G(3df, 3pd) level of theory. The calculated results show that the barriers of the transition states involving catalysts are lowered to −2.89, −6.25, and −7.76 kcal/mol from 3.64 kcal/mol with respect to the separate reactants, respectively, which reflects that those catalysts play an important role in reducing the barrier of the hydrogen abstraction reaction of FCHO with OH. Additionally, using conventional transition state theory with Eckart tunneling correction, the kinetic data demonstrate that the entrance channel X⋯FCHO+OH (X=H2O, FA, or SA) is significantly more favorable than the pathway X⋯OH+FCHO. Moreover, the rate constants of the reactions of FCHO with OH radical with H2O, FA, or SA introduced are computed to be smaller than that of the naked OH+FCHO reaction because the concentration of the formed X⋯FCHO or X⋯OH complex is quite low in the atmosphere.
An analysis of recent saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) attacks in Timor-Leste and consequences for management and conservation
Authors: Sideleau Brandon M. , Edyvane Karen S. , Britton Adam R. C.
Published: July 2016

Saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) are potentially dangerous to humans, yet they have major cultural value to many people in Timor-Leste. Recent increases in attack risk are influencing traditional attitudes, threatening culls of remaining wild crocodile populations. To understand patterns that may assist mitigation, we compiled attack records for the period of April 2007 to April 2014, using the CrocBITE online database. Recorded attacks (n=45) showed a high fatality rate (82.2%), the majority (77.8%) being recorded since 2010. The highest proportion of attacks (46.7%) occurred in southern coastal wetlands suited to crocodiles, areas representing major sources of food, livelihoods and ecosystem services (i.e. fisheries, timber, coastal protection) for locals. Subsistence fishing posed the highest attack risk, particularly from September to February when food security is low. Attacks matched gender roles (most victims were males, the primary fishers) and demographic patterns (teenagers, the fastest growth group, comprised the highest proportion). Predicted increases in food insecurity, fishing activities, coastal impacts and rising human and crocodile populations pose worrying implications for human–crocodile conflict. We recommend essential baseline surveys enabling meaningful management decisions, and suggest that tailored management and educational awareness based on proven existing models could substantially mitigate attack risk while remaining compatible with traditional Timorese attitudes towards crocodiles.
Chapter 1. Bilingualism, executive control, and eye movement measures of reading
Authors: Titone Debra , Whitford Veronica , Lijewska Agnieszka , Itzhak Inbal
Published: July 2016

This chapter selectively reviews the literature on bilingual language processing, with a special focus on the link to executive control, eye movements during reading, and differences between two different groups that are often lumped together: bilinguals (i.e., individuals who know two languages) and multilinguals (i.e., individuals who know more than two languages). To this end, we first discuss ideas about the cognitive demands associated with knowing more than a single language. We then review how eye movement reading research has clarified two important consequences of knowledge and use of more than one language: (1) cross-language activation and its relation to executive function and (2) weakened local (i.e., word-level) and global (i.e., text-level) aspects of reading performance. Finally, we review what is currently known about the bilingual vs. multilingual distinction, and present a re-analysis of previously published data (Whitford & Titone, 2016) exploring the effects of bilingual vs. multilingual status on natural reading in both younger and older adults. Although preliminary, these findings, along with the growing literature reviewed here from other domains, illustrate the importance of taking the bilingualism/multilingualism distinction into account when trying to understand the cognitive implications of knowing more than one language.
Chapter 3. The role of executive function in the perception of L2 speech sounds in young balanced and unbalanced dual language learners
Authors: Archila-Suerte Pilar , Munson Brandin A. , Hernandez Arturo E.
Published: July 2016

This fMRI study investigated neural activity evoked by L2 speech syllables in brain regions associated with executive function typically recruited by bilinguals in cognitive control tasks. The main areas examined were the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral supplementary motor area, bilateral inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral middle frontal gyrus. Based on the degree of discrepancy between L1 and L2 proficiency scores, twenty-nine children classified as balanced (smaller discrepancy) or unbalanced (larger discrepancy) dual language learners were matched for age, socioeducational background, years of education in L2, and L2 age of acquisition. Children passively listened to L2 syllables while a muted film was presented. The results showed that unbalanced learners had increased activity in multiple frontal regions bilaterally relative to balanced learners. Balanced learners showed increased activity in a region of the right temporal lobe. The results suggest that unbalanced learners who have more difficulty learning the second language engage regions of executive function to support the perception of L2 speech sounds.
Chapter 17. Top down influence on executive control in bilinguals
Authors: Mishra Ramesh Kumar , Singh Niharika
Published: July 2016

In this chapter we present two eye tracking studies that examined if bilingualism modulated oculoomotor behavior in a Stroop task with a simultaneous working memory load. We consider two groups of bilinguals who differed with regard to their L2 (English) proficiency. Previous studies have shown that language proficiency can modulate executive control in bilinguals. Our results show that high proficient bilinguals were overall faster compared to low proficient bilinguals in responding to the correct Stroop target when the working memory item was a colour square and also when it was a location. However, language proficiency did not influence performance on the Stroop task. These studies with eye movements as dependent measure further demonstrate the fact that bilingualism can modulate executive control. We discuss the results with regard to down control of attention and automatic guidance of attention from items held in working memory with reference to bilingualism.
Correlation between laser welding sequence and distortions for thin sheet structures
Authors: Fahlström K. , Andersson O. , Melander A. , Karlsson L. , Svensson L.-E.
Published: July 2016

Thin ultra-high strength steel shaped as 700 mm long U-beams have been laser welded in overlap configuration to study the influence of welding sequence on distortions. Three different welding directions, three different energy inputs as well as stitch welding have been evaluated, using resistance spot welding (RSW) as a reference. Transverse widening at the ends and narrowing at the centre of the beam were measured. A clear correlation was found between the weld metal volume and distortion. For continuous welds there was also a nearly linear relationship between the energy input and distortion. However, the amount of distortion was not affected by a change in welding direction. Stitching and RSW reduced distortion significantly compared to continuous laser welding.
Wetting length in gas metal arc brazing of galvanised steel
Authors: Makwana P. , Shome M. , Goecke S.-F. , De A.
Published: July 2016

Appropriate substrate surface wetting by a molten filler ensures a sound bead profile during brazing. A theory to estimate the wetting length considering gradual cooling of liquid filler and loss in its ability to spread is currently unavailable. We present here a methodology to estimate wetting length based on the minimisation of energy for spreading of a liquid filler considering its gradual cooling and tested the computed results in gas metal arc brazing of galvanised sheets for a wide range of conditions. The computed wetting lengths are used further to estimate bead height and toe angle of joint profile.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Gemeinschaftin the midst ofGesellschaft? Love as an organizational virtue
Authors: Cunha Miguel Pina e , Clegg Stewart R. , Costa Cláudia , Leite António Pinto , Rego Arménio , Simpson Ace Volkmann , Sousa Marta Oom de , Sousa Milton
Published: July 2016

Love is a powerful human process that has attracted the attention of scholars within the cultural and scientific domains. Thus far, the majority of management scholars have tended to neglect love as a relevant topic of theorizing and research. Given the recent interest in the phenomenon in allied fields such as sociology and psychology, this is surprising. We create, inductively, an archetypical image of how managers make sense of the meaning of love as an organizational phenomenon by means of a sample of Christian managers. The findings indicate that such managers associate love with two core dimensions. First, they describe love as an expression of virtue. Second, they link love with a sense of community-ship. Organizational love can thus be theorized as the exercise of constructing virtuous, other-oriented human communities that transcend the productive functions of work and respond to important human needs, fulfilling normative performativity.
StableC. eleganschromatin domains separate broadly expressed and developmentally regulated genes
Authors: Evans Kenneth J. , Huang Ni , Stempor Przemyslaw , Chesney Michael A. , Down Thomas A. , Ahringer Julie
Published: July 2016

Eukaryotic genomes are organized into domains of differing structure and activity. There is evidence that the domain organization of the genome regulates its activity, yet our understanding of domain properties and the factors that influence their formation is poor. Here we use chromatin state analyses in early embryos and L3 larvae to investigate genome domain organization and its regulation inC. elegans. At both stages we find that the genome is organized into extended chromatin domains of high or low gene activity defined by different subsets of states, and enriched for H3K36me3 or H3K27me3 respectively. The border regions between domains contain large intergenic regions and a high density of transcription factor binding, suggesting a role for transcription regulation in separating chromatin domains. Despite the differences in cell types, overall domain organization is remarkably similar in early embryos and L3 larvae, with conservation of 85% of domain border positions. Most genes in high activity domains are expressed in the germ line and broadly across cell types, whereas low activity domains are enriched for genes that are developmentally regulated. We find that domains are regulated by the germ line H3K36 methyltransferase MES-4 and that border regions show striking remodeling of H3K27me1, supporting roles for H3K36 and H3K27 methylation in regulating domain structure. Our analyses ofC. eleganschromatin domain structure show that genes are organized by type into domains that have differing modes of regulation.

Significance statement

Genomes are organized into domains of different structure and activity, yet our understanding of their formation and regulation is poor. We show thatC. eleganschromatin domain organization in early embryos and L3 larvae is remarkably similar despite the two developmental stages containing very different cell types. Chromatin domains separate genes into those with stable versus developmentally regulated expression. Analyses of chromatin domain structure suggest that transcription regulation and germ line chromatin regulation play roles in separating chromatin domains. Our results further our understanding of genome domain organization.
Performance of semi-automated hippocampal subfield segmentation methods across ages in a pediatric sample
Authors: Schlichting Margaret L. , Mack Michael L. , Guarino Katharine F. , Preston Alison R.
Published: July 2016

Episodic memory function has been shown to depend critically on the hippocampus. This region is made up of a number of subfields, which differ in both cytoarchitectural features and functional roles in the mature brain. Recent neuroimaging work in children and adolescents has suggested that these regions may undergo different developmental trajectories—a fact that has important implications for how we think about learning and memory processes in these populations. Despite the growing research interest in hippocampal structure and function at the subfield level in healthy young adults, comparatively fewer studies have been carried out looking at subfield development. One barrier to studying these questions has been that manual segmentation of hippocampal subfields—considered by many to be the best available approach for defining these regions—is laborious and can be infeasible for large cross-sectional or longitudinal studies of cognitive development. Moreover, manual segmentation requires some subjectivity and is not impervious to bias or error. In a developmental sample of individuals spanning 6-30 years, we assessed the degree to which two semi-automated segmentation approaches—one approach based on Automated Segmentation of Hippocampal Subfields (ASHS) and another utilizing Advanced Normalization Tools (ANTs)—approximated manual subfield delineation on each individual by a single expert rater. Our main question was whether performance varied as a function of age group. Across several quantitative metrics, we found negligible differences in subfield validity across the child, adolescent, and adult age groups, suggesting that these methods can be reliably applied to developmental studies. We conclude that ASHS outperforms ANTs overall and is thus preferable for analyses carried out in individual subject space. However, we underscore that ANTs is also acceptable and may be well-suited for analyses requiring normalization to a single group template (e.g., voxelwise analyses across a wide age range). Previous work has supported the use of such methods in healthy young adults, as well as several special populations such as older adults and those suffering from mild cognitive impairment. Our results extend these previous findings to show that ASHS and ANTs can also be used in pediatric populations as young as six.
Tradition and innovation in Italian wine family businesses
Authors: Vrontis Demetris , Bresciani Stefano , Giacosa Elisa
Published: July 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to analyse how a strategy based on the combination of tradition and innovation can offer a competitive advantage to a medium-sized family firm operating in the wine sector.

Design/methodology/approach

– This research focuses on one case study. The subject of the case study under analysis is Pio Cesare, an internationally recognized fine wine Italian company.

Findings

– Pio Cesare is characterized by a strong combination of tradition and innovation in terms of products and processes. Innovation and tradition are not opposites; on the contrary, a blend of the two has been crucial in achieving and maintaining a sustainable competitive advantage.

Research limitations/implications

– The formalization of an effective blend of tradition and innovation, especially in a family business, and an effective dissemination of the company philosophy to future generations, calls for a more in-depth study. This study has some limitations, which determined by the applied methodology. Multiple case study method would be useful. In relation to the interview technique, the authors would set out to increase the number of interviews, by also questioning managers and employees working, as opposed to family members.

Practical implications

– Practical implications relate to different groups of stakeholders: for owners and management, for investors, for organizations and institutions working on a territory promotion and in the tourism sector, and for politicians and local authorities.

Originality/value

– It identifies which business model a family winery business could be adopted in order to manage such strategies of innovation in respect to traditions, filling the gap in the literature.
Competitiveness of short sea shipping: the case of olive oil industry
Authors: Galati Antonino , Siggia Dario , Crescimanno Maria , Martín-Alcalde Enrique , Saurí Marchán Sergi , Morales-Fusco Pau
Published: July 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to analyse the economic benefits of short sea shipping (SSS) in the shape of Motorways of the Sea (MoS) compared to road transport. The study cover a gap in agro-food economics and analyses the economic benefits of sea transport mode compared to road transport in the food trade between Spain and Italy for a specific product: olive oils.

Design/methodology/approach

– Three different transportation scenarios are considered (road only, road combined with accompanied SSS and road combined with unaccompanied SSS) linking the main olive oil production and consumption areas in Spain and Italy. In each scenario the cost per unit shipped have been calculated.

Findings

– The results show the road option is about 30 and 34 per cent more costly than the best SSS option available for the exportations from Jaén and Southern Catalonia, respectively.

Research limitations/implications

– The need of further research is identified, mainly focused in two directions: first, the need for inclusion of new variables to the model (e.g. value of time, seasonality, complexity of the transport chain, potential demand, etc.) to better assess the competitiveness of the sea connection and, second, a study of the environmental impact and socio-economic benefits of SSS implementation for the agri-food sector.

Originality/value

– The research enriches the current literature on this field and provides a basis for future studies. In particular, it corroborates the strategic decisions taken in the framework of European transport policy demonstrating a greater economic sustainability of SSS, and more specifically MoS, compared to the road transport.
Status or fun? A cross-cultural examination of young consumers’ responses to images of champagne and sparkling wine
Authors: Velikova Natalia , Charters Steve , Fountain Joanna , Ritchie Caroline , Fish Nicola , Dodd Tim
Published: July 2016

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to test Luna and Gupta’s (2001) investigative framework on the interaction of cultural values and consumer behaviour by conducting a cross-cultural comparison of young wine consumers’ interpretation of images of champagne and sparkling wine. The research examined consumer responses to the images through the prism of the relationship between symbolism, ritual and myth, as well as other related values.

Design/methodology/approach

– In a series of focus groups with consumers from four anglophone countries (the USA, New Zealand, Australia and the UK), six images of champagne and sparkling wine were used as stimuli to encourage affective and cognitive perspectives on the topic.

Findings

– Overall, the UK market showed distinct differences from the other markets, due very much to its cultural context. The UK consumers valued traditional advertising; focused mainly on the product itself; and did not associate champagne with fun. Respondents from the New World focused on the general impression of the image and on enjoyment and fun associated with consumption of champagne and sparkling wine.

Practical implications

– The most crucial implication of this research is the cultural variation in consumer perceptions of champagne and sparkling wine and the impact that it has upon marketing strategies on how to market this product category to younger consumers in different markets.

Originality/value

– This research contributes to the study of cultural values and consumption behaviour, as well as image effectiveness in forming perceptions of the product category.
Unified approach for modeling innovation adoption and optimal model selection for the diffusion process
Authors: Anand Adarsh , Agarwal Mohini , Aggrawal Deepti , Singh Ompal
Published: July 2016

Purpose

– Mathematical modeling of innovation diffusion is a constantly evolving field within marketing science. The diffusion process explains the dispersion of an innovation among potential buyers. Prior research on innovation diffusion has been based on modeling varied aspects of real life situations in marketing. One such aspect is studying the adoption process depending on the awareness and motivation level among the customers. Awareness is having knowledge of an innovation, whereas motivation is about the perception of an individual. In line with these aspects, the purpose of this paper is to propose a unified modeling framework for the adoption process based on the awareness and motivation about the product.

Design/methodology/approach

– When the market is well informed about the product, there are some people who are motivated and some, who have adopted the product earlier and shall now influence others in their buying behavior. It is very much similar to queuing system in which some units are waiting in a queue for the service, service for some units are being processed and some units have already been served. This analogous behavior between two approaches has motivated the use of infinite server queuing theory in modeling adoption of the product. Thereafter, the authors have proposed a unification scheme to model different market scenarios.

Findings

– From analyzing the values of comparison criteria, it was not clear that which among them is performing best. Thus there was a need for an approach which can judiciously find the optimal model. For this very purpose the authors applied distance-based approach which was capable of computing the optimal model based on the distance of attribute value from the optimal. The analysis performed on two real life sales data sets depict that model in which awareness is following logistic pattern and motivation and adoption are following a constant pattern is ranked one.

Research limitations/implications

– The idea has been validated on product. It would be interesting to know how the methodology works on service.

Originality/value

– The modeling framework discussed in this paper can be helpful to know from the available set of alternative, which among them is performing better in capturing the spread of the product in the market. The proposed framework offer some managerial guidance by highlighting the unusual aspects of diffusion process and also present an approach to judge the best among a set of different models.
WTE plants installed in European cities: a review of success stories
Authors: Chaliki Paraskevi , Psomopoulos Constantinos S. , Themelis Nickolas J.
Published: July 2016

Purpose

– Waste is a resource. Generating energy from waste instead of sending it to landfill avoids methane gas which equals 25 times CO2 in mass. In combination with the energy efficiency thresholds set in Waste Framework Directive, this could prevent up to a further 45 million tons of CO2 eq. per year. The purpose of this paper is to present the waste-to-energy (WTE) plants installed in ten European cities which have been selected among the most sustainable cities or among the best cities to live in.

Design/methodology/approach

– The work is based on literature review and a combination of several statistical data and reports that include the required data.

Findings

– The European Directives, along with the general thinking that wastes are resources and the effort to reduce the environmental impact in urban environment from waste management, were the driving forces. The most sustainable cities in EU considered that their sustainability is based also in energy recovery from wastes. All of them are using WTE facilities to treat a significant part of their waste in order to produce energy in the form of heat and electricity. And they do it in a very successful and environmental friendly way, as they mainly utilize the waste fractions that cannot be recycled or reused, and they do not landfill these resources. This approach is proving that the sustainable waste management cannot be achieved without WTE facilities, since a fraction of wastes consists of non-recyclable and non-reusable materials, which present significant heating value that cannot be neglected as an energy source.

Originality/value

– This paper presents the WTE plants installed in ten European cities which have been selected among the most sustainable cities or among the best cities to live in. This work aims to present the strong and successful relation between WTE and sustainability in the modern complex urban environment.
A concept to combine the different housing alternative advantages
Authors: Rinne Samuli , Syri Sanna
Published: July 2016

Purpose

– A dense urban structure cuts down traffic emissions. It also promotes waste heat use and storage possibilities as a form of district heating. However, quality elements associated with detached houses, such as tranquillity and self-expression possibilities, may be lost. Better building quality and alternatives to private car use can enable these elements in smaller spaces, which is assessed here. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

– A technology set for an imaginary high-quality (HQ) apartment house is discussed by assessing increased embedded energy of the building structure, due to the HQ measures. HQ solutions include visual barriers, increased sound insulation, roof terraces, large windows, apartment adaptability, bike sheds, electrical cargo bikes and advanced energy solutions.

Findings

– The increased construction and heating energy use in HQ buildings can be offset if car use is reduced by 10-15 per cent. There is a greater possibility of achieving this reduction if HQ housing can make urban densification more readily acceptable by demonstrating, that good quality housing can exist both in smaller building lots as well as in smaller apartments.

Originality/value

– The quality issue brings a novel perspective to estimating the environmental impacts of built environment solutions. The approach here is quite simple, but the issue can be discussed more. That is, how much total resource input can be decreased, if the target is not to produce square metres but rather the necessary elements to have a good quality of life.
Precipitation alters the strength of evolutionary priority effects in forest community assembly of pteridophytes and angiosperms
Authors: Brandt Angela J. , Tanentzap Andrew J. , Leopold Devin R. , Heenan Peter B. , Fukami Tadashi , Lee William G.
Published: July 2016

The ecological conditions promoting evolutionary priority effects, where the order and timing of ancestral species arrival into a new habitat influences extant community assembly, are poorly understood. Studies in the New Zealand alpine indicated that early‐arriving angiosperm lineages dominated communities via niche pre‐emption. Forests have a much longer (>60 myr) evolutionary history in New Zealand than alpine communities (<2 myr) and greater structural complexity.

Here we ask whether community effects of arrival order persist in cool temperate forest communities in southern New Zealand that have assembled throughout the Cenozoic. Combining phylogenetically derived clade ages and forest vegetation data from across a mountain range, we compare effects of clade age on relative richness and abundance of two taxonomic groups (pteridophytes and angiosperms) along precipitation gradients.

We show that older clades of both groups tended to have greater relative abundance and older angiosperm clades had greater relative richness. Relative richness and abundance also increased with regional clade diversity, independent of clade age.

The strength of the clade age effect on community dominance changed differently along precipitation gradients depending on the response and taxonomic group. Clade age had a stronger effect on relative abundance of pteridophytes with increasing elevation and westerliness (i.e. as precipitation increased). In contrast, the effect of clade age on relative abundance of angiosperms decreased with westerliness. Precipitation did not alter the clade age effect on relative richness.

Synthesis. We show that evolutionary priority effects persist in communities with a longer evolutionary history than has been investigated to date and across physiologically contrasting taxonomic groups, suggesting priority effects are general drivers of community assembly over macro‐evolutionary time‐scales. Furthermore, the strength of evolutionary priority effects attenuated along a gradient of decreasing resources, at least for pteridophytes, which improves our ability to predict conditions in which the arrival order of lineages influences community assembly.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with colorectal endometriosis
Authors: Thomin A , Belghiti J , David C , Marty O , Bornes M , Ballester M , Roman H , Daraï E
Published: July 2016

Objective

To evaluate delivery and neonatal outcomes in women with resected or in situ bowel endometriosis.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

France.

Population and sample

Analysis of 72 pregnancies from 67 women followed for colorectal endometriosis from 2001 to 2014 in six centres including two university expert centres for endometriosis.

Methods

Univariate analysis of maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Main outcome measures

Routes for delivery and rate of complications.

Results

The colorectal surgery group comprised 41 women and the in situ colorectal group, 26 women. Overall, half of the women underwent caesarean section. A high incidence of postoperative complications (39%) was observed after caesarean section with no difference between the groups. Surgical difficulties at newborn extraction (22%) and postoperative complications (39%) occurred more often in women with anterior deep infiltrating endometriosis (respectively 63 versus 11%, P = 0.007 and 67% versus 26%, P = 0.046) independently of prior surgery for endometriosis. In the remaining half, vaginal delivery required an operative procedure in 28% of the women with a significant increase in postpartum complications compared with those who did not require a procedure (P = 0.001). Overall, the incidence of postpartum complications was lower after vaginal delivery (14%) than after caesarean section (39%) (P = 0.03).

Conclusion

Pregnant women with colorectal endometriosis, irrespective of prior surgery, should be informed of the high risk of delivery by caesarean section. Vaginal delivery is preferrable in this setting because of the lower incidence of postpartum complications.

Tweetable abstract

Due to the incidence of postpartum complications whatever the route of delivery, women should receive level III maternal care.
Testing and Improving Temperature Thresholds for Snow and Rain Prediction in the Western United States
Authors: Rajagopal Seshadri , Harpold Adrian A.
Published: July 2016

The phase of precipitation at the land surface is critical to determine the timing and amount of water available for hydrological and ecological systems. However, there are few techniques to directly observe the precipitation phase and many prediction tools apply a single temperature threshold (e.g., 0°C) to determine phase. In this paper, we asked two questions: (1) what is the accuracy of default and station optimized daily temperature thresholds for predicting precipitation phase and (2) what are the regions and conditions in which typical temperature‐based precipitation phase predictions are most suited. We developed a ground truth dataset of rain vs. snow using an expert decision‐making system based on precipitation, snow depth, and snow water equivalent observations. This dataset was used to evaluate the accuracy of three temperature‐threshold‐based techniques of phase classification. Optimizing the temperature threshold improved the prediction of precipitation phase by 34% compared to using 0°C threshold. Developing a temperature threshold based on station elevation improved the error by 12% compared with using the 0°C temperature threshold. We also found the probability of snow as a function of temperature differed among ecoregions, which suggests a varied response to future climate change. These results highlight a current weakness in our ability to predict the effects of regional warming that could have uneven impacts on water and ecological resources.