bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Marketing analysis of influenza vaccines in Ukraine
Authors: Zlahoda V. S. , Ivko T. I. , Germanyuk Т. А. , Bobrytska L. O.
Published: October 2021

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are highly prevalent, and it is especially dangerous during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most effective way to prevent the ARVI is vaccination.
Aim. To analyze the pharmaceutical market of vaccines registered in Ukraine.
Material and methods. The material of the study was data of the State Register of Medicines of Ukraine 2020, information on the results of the epidemic season of influenza and ARVI of the Center for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, declared wholesale prices for vaccines in Ukraine in December 2020. The methods of frequencyand descriptive analysis were used.
Results and discussion. As a result of the structural analysis of ATC classification it was found that viral vaccines against influenza of J07B В group were presented at the pharmaceutical market. The frequency analysis revealed that there were 665.000 doses of vaccines of 4 trade names at the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in 2020, all of them were of foreign production from France, the Netherlands, Great Britain, Korea. Among the vaccines purchased, 75 % were French-made vaccines. The cost of one vaccine dose ranged from 185.00 to 249.69 UAH. It was found that the number of vaccine doses purchased for the population during the study period (2016-2020) increased in 190 times. The population vaccination increased from 106683 to 238079 people, i.e. by 123 %.
Conclusions. As a result of the research conducted it was found that in 2020-2021 there were 4 trade names of foreign vaccines at the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. The cost of one dose of vaccines ranged from 185.00 tо 249.69 UAH.
The study of the elemental composition of common domestic types of the medicinal plant raw material
Authors: Zudova Ye. Yu. , Khvorost O. P.
Published: October 2021

Aim. To determine the elemental composition of common domestic types of the medicinal plant raw material, such as Sophora japonica flower buds, Crataegus sanguinea leaves and flowers, Astragalus dasyanthus herb, Mentha piperita leaves, Arctium lappa roots.
Materials and methods. The elemental composition was studied by atomic absorption spectrography with photographic registration. The research was conducted at the premises of STC “Institute of Single Crystals” of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kharkiv).
Results and discussion. The results of the research obtained show that the samples of common domestic types of the medicinal plant raw material studied contain at least 19 chemical elements; potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus predominate among them.
Conclusions. The study shows the prospects of creating new original complex drugs from the raw material of the plants studied for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system, in particular hypertension.
ANALYZING AND MANAGING HUMAN RECOURCES OF AN INVESTIGATION UNIT OF EMERCOM OF RUSSIA WHILE INVESTIGATING FIRES
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, KARPOV S.
Published: October 2021

Purpose. The article analyzes EMERCOM of Russia investigators’duties performance as well as issues related to investigation unit structure. The problem of determining the optimal level of unit staff, who are in charge of investigating fires, is touched upon. Enlarging service area due to forming interdistrict units does not allow ensuring timely arrival at a fire scene. This directly affects fire investigation quality and timing. Methods. On the basis of statistical and general scientific methods, a comparative study of structures of other agencies also responsible for investigating fires, is carried out. Findings. The author proposes the concept of a new structure of EMERCOM of Russia investigation unit, namely taking it out of control of State Fire Supervision. If an investigation unit is located at a considerable distance from a regional directorate of EMERCOM of Russia, it is proposed to form interdistrict investigation units in large settlements. The staff size and authority of such units should allow the person in charge to perform the functions of investigation unit head and provide assistance in investigating complicated fires in neighboring regional (interdistrict) investigation units. Research application field. The results of the study will make it possible to form the optimal structure and staff size of EMERCOM of Russia regional investigation unit. Conclusions. The article proposes a typical managerial structure of EMERCOM of Russia regional investigation unit. Changes in investigation unit structure will allow solving current problems, improving the overall level of the organization and fire investigation quality. The analysis of EMERCOM of Russia investigators’ duties performance and investigation unit structure makes it possible to conclude that there is a necessity to form an independent structure out of control of State Fire Supervision, with direct subordination to regional directorate head and being an independent structure of the Main Department of EMERCOM of Russia.
EXPERIMENTAL INSTALLATION FOR DETERMINING CRITICAL INTENSITY OF FOAM DISCHARGE TO A TANK WITH HIGH-OCTANE GASOLINE
Authors:   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, SHVYRKOV S. , APANASENKO I. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, TRETYAKOV A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, MAKAROV S. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, FESCHENKO A. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, VOEVODA S. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia
Published: October 2021

Purpose. The analysis of normative documents regulating the amount of foam supply intensity for extinguishing high-octane gasoline was carried out in the research. The developed technique of determining foam supply critical intensity by various methods depending on the initial heating of high-octane gasoline is described, as well as the experimental installation that allows implementing a combined foam discharge method whereby foam is simultaneously discharged both onto the surface of the combustible liquid and under the layer. Methods. The authors analyzed normative documents regulating fire extinguishment of oil and petrochemicals. The study was carried out at the experimental installation developed according to the appropriate test method. Findings. The analysis of normative documents indicated differences in the criteria for choosing foam discharge intensity for high-octane gasoline. It was decided to determine the possibility of applying increasing factors for standard values of foam discharge intensity depending on time of free fire development in a high-octane gasoline tank. The experimental installation was based on the standardized installation according to GOST R 50588, which was modernized for possible foam discharge in a combined way. Fuel is preheated to determine the heating temperature effect on foam application rate. Model foam generators with a flow rate of 1.8-2.2 g/s and pans of various diameters were used to change the intensity of foam discharge. Research application field. This technique will be used for obtaining data on determining the most effective method of extinguishing high-octane gasoline at different time intervals. The experimental installation will allow obtaining new data on choosing intensity and methods of foam discharge for modern mixed gasolines. Conclusions. The carried-out work showed the relevance of conducted research work aimed at assessing the value of foam discharge critical intensity applying various methods depending on the initial heating temperature of high-octane gasoline in the tank. To determine the target value, the experimental stand and the corresponding test procedure have been developed, the results of which will be given in further publications.
Extraosseous extradural ewing sarcoma of the thoracic spine: Case report and literature review
Authors: Farooq Minaam , Mustafa Biah , Sultan Kashif Ali , Ashraf Mohammad , Ashraf Naveed , Siddique Abubakar
Published: October 2021

Background:

As part of the ‘small round-cell tumor’ family, Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is a malignant mesenchymal tumor classified as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). Within the PNETs, spinal extraosseous extradural lesions are exceedingly rare.

Case Description:

A 19-year-old male presented with a one-month history of back pain and paraparesis with loss of urinary control. The MRI revealed an intradural, extramedullary mass at the T3-T4 level. Intraoperatively, the tumor was solely extradural, without evidence of local invasion; it was entirely removed. Due to the high risk of metastasis, the patient was subsequently treated with chemotherapy and radiation. In addition, similar studies on PNETs were reviewed.

Conclusion:

A 19-year-old male presented with a paraparesis attributed to an extraosseous extradural ES at the T3-T4 level. Following total gross resection, he was successfully managed with chemotherapy and radiation. The patient has been in remission for one month.
Modelo predictivo para determinar la graduación de alumnos de carreras de ingenierías aplicando técnicas de minería de datos
Authors: Carrizo Claudio José
Published: October 2021

La ingeniería cumple un rol fundamental en el desarrollo económico y el bienestar social de un país. Por este motivo, en el 2012 el gobierno nacional de Argentina impulsó el “Plan Estratégico de Formación de Ingenieros 2012-2016 (PEFI)”, con el objetivo de incrementar la cantidad de graduados en carreras de ingeniería, en pos de mejorar la industria, la innovación productiva y la expansión económica de dicho país. El propósito del presente trabajo es construir un modelo predictivo a través de técnicas de minería de datos que permita, por un lado, determinar la cantidad de alumnos que pueden graduarse en carreras de ingenierías de UTN Facultad Regional San Francisco, y por otro lado, identificar patrones que puedan incidir en la graduación. Los resultados de este proyecto representarán un aporte a la gestión académica en lo que respecta a la planificación, el seguimiento y el control de las cohortes de alumnos de las carreras de ingeniería.
Data visualization: foundations, techniques, and applications
Authors: Hege Hans-Christian
Published: October 2021

The idea that there is no precedence for the amount of data that is being generated today, and that the need to explore and analyze this vast volumes of data has become anincreasingly difficult task that could benefit from using Data visualization is presented. It is pointed that the goals of data visualization are data-driven and depend largely on the type of application, but the final objective is to convey to people information that is hidden in large volumes of data. Finally, the visualization pipeline is presented to review aspects of visualization methodology and visualization tool design, to conclude that the true potential of visualization emerge from the interaction of the user with the visualization model. The paper concludes establishing that the current processes of digital transformation will increase the need for visual analytics tools.
The Late Roman Mosaics from the Villa of Pont del Treball Digne, Barcelona
Authors: GÓMEZ Daniel Alcubierre , ARDİACA Jordi , ARTİGUES İ CONESA Pere Lluís Artigues İ Conesa , LLOBET FONT Silvia , MAÑAS ROMERO Irene , RİGO JOVELLS Antoni
Published: October 2021

The construction of the new La Sagrera high-speed rail line station in Barcelona revealed a new archaeological site whose remains were identified as a roman villa. The studies undertaken have allowed the foundation of the settlement to be dated to the first half of the 1st century BC and to identify different building and refurbishment phases. The most important transformation of the pars urbana was undertaken in the late 4th century AD. We attest the creation of new living spaces dedicated mainly to the social functions of the villa and the representation of the dominus. A new decorative programme was also implemented at this time. It included two mosaic and opus sectile floors and marble wall linings. This process of enriching the domestic space took place in parallel with similar refurbishment programmes documented in the roman town of Barcino. The aim of this study is to conduct the compositional analysis of these late pavements. Moreover, some chronological appreciations about the pavements construction can be made, due to ceramic studies.
The Mosaic Decoration of Peristylia in Roman Villae and Domus of Western Lusitania (Portugal). The Interrelationship Between Domestic Space Planning and The Chosen Peristyle Flooring
Authors: DURAN KREMER Maria De Jesus S.
Published: October 2021

Within the RoGeMoPorTur project, a specific approach was adopted to analyse the importance of the peristyle not only as a central element of communication and link between the different architectural components of the villa, but also as an expression of a vision very specific to its owner as a member of a Roman or Romanised elite: The peristyle, as the entrance to the villa from outside, was at the same time the first recipient of its cultural message and socio-economic power.

This study aims at a typologisation of the spatial dialogue chosen by the landowner for the introduction to that message through the pavement decoration of the peristyle.
Unraveling The Interplay Between Inscriptions and Images: The Cosmological Mosaic of Mérida
Authors: HONİKEL Anna-laura
Published: October 2021

The cosmological mosaic in Mérida is a complex and unique pictorial creation. Due to the remarkable quality and the intricate depicted cosmological scene, the mosaic has often been the focus of research. In this paper, attention is drawn to the fact that the factors iconography and inscriptions are not always as congruous as they usually are. As a result, different associations are triggered in the recipient, which make the respective figures more multifaceted. Consequently, however, the identification and interpretation of the figures becomes more demanding.

Different modes of combining iconography and writing can be observed on the cosmological mosaic. This shall be demonstrated exemplarily with the aid of the figures Saeculum, Caelum, Chaos and Polum. Those personifications serve as a case study, since they show four different strategies of combining images and writing. It can be illustrated how variable the relationship of the iconography and inscriptions was staged and how specific intended statements were conveyed by this.
The Revival of Interest in Representing Plays of Menander in the Late 2nd and Early 3rd Centuries AD: A Historical and Art-Historical Phenomenon
Authors: PARRİSH David
Published: October 2021

An important revival in representing plays of Menander in private homes, in the form of both mosaics and frescoes, occurred primarily in the eastern part of the Roman empire in the late 2nd and early 3rd centuries AD, with a limited echo felt in the west. The present article tries to explain why and how this artistic phenomenon took place, and a review of the relevant works of art and their chronology is presented in this interpretation. The discussion also refers to the frequent depiction of theater masks in well-to-do households, and the related custom of presenting theatrical entertainment at the banquet or “dinner theater.” Also significant for our purpose are the continued vitality of theater festivals throughout the Greek-speaking provinces during the first half of the 3rd century, and the retrospective attitude of the Second Sophistic, with its high esteem for classical drama of the past. This outlook was focused on Athens, and it had great admiration for the plays of Menander and Euripides. One additional feature influencing the artistic renewal in question is the high value placed on Menander’s plays as models of literary expression in the curriculum of schools, especially for training students in rhetoric and declamation. Collectively, all of the factors mentioned above contributed to the Menander revival in the visual arts during the period specified.
Novel Prosopis Juliflora Leaf Ethanolic extract as natural Antifungal agent against Botrytis Cinerea: Application on Strawberries’ shelf-life extension
Authors: Saleh Iman , Abu-Dieyeh Mohammed
Published: October 2021

Spoilage from fresh produces is a worldwide concern that accompanies the global increase in food demand. Adverse human health and environmental effects of commercial pesticides is a major public concern. Botrytis cinerea is one of the top ten pathogens that affect fresh produce including strawberries’ shelf-life around the world. Botrytis cinerea can progress easily from infected fruits to healthy ones even at low storage temperatures, which can lead to spoilage of entire lots in few weeks. Strawberries are widely consumed raw berries, which are famous in their processed forms such as jam and juices. The delicate fruit has a very short postharvest life. It is susceptible to mechanical injuries, fast dehydration and fungal infection. Prosopis juliflora is an invasive tree in many countries including Qatar. In this report, the Prosopis juliflora water soluble leaves ethanolic (PJ-WS-LE) novel extraction method will be described with an evaluation of its effectiveness as antifungal agent and possible coating material for shelf-life extension. PJ-WS-LE extract showed total inhibition of Botrytis cinerea growth with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1mg/ml. Exposure to the extract affected badly the structure of the hyphal fungi. The extract extended also strawberries’ shelf-life by 2.32X. PJ-WS-LE extract will be chemically described and its effectiveness in the extension of other fresh produces’ shelf-life will be evaluated.
Experimental Investigation of Foam Drilling Fluid using Visualization Technique
Authors: Barooah Abinash , Khan Muhammad Saad , Sleiti Ahmad K. , Abdelrazeq Motasem , Azizur Rahman Mohammad , Hassan Ibrahim , Hasan Rashid , Hascakir Berna
Published: October 2021

Cutting transport is one of the major factors, which affects the cost, time and quality of drilling operations. Over the years, as the number of directional wells have increased to improve the productivity, it has been observed that cutting transport is more difficult in horizontal and directional wells as compared to vertical wells. While the foam/aerated drilling fluid provides significant advantages over conventional drilling fluid such as higher rate of penetration and reduction in formation damage, however these advantages are reduced due to inefficient cutting transport to the surface. This study investigates the effect of different parameters such as cuttings weight concentration, liquid flow rate and gas flow rate on cutting transport using foam/aerated drilling fluid. The experiments were conducted in a 6.16 m long horizontal pipe with 2.5 in. inner diameter and 4.5 in. outer diameter and annular diameter ratio of 1.8. The liquid and the gas flow rate was varied between 219 – 380 kg/min and 4 – 6.5 L/min, while the gas input pressure was kept constant at 2 bar. An anionic surfactant was used to stabilize the foam with a stationary liquid density of 818 kg/m3. The concentration of the borosilicate solid glass beads of 2-3 mm average diameter was varied between 0 – 4 wt. %. The results showed that increase in the liquid flow rate or Reynold number improved cutting transport, whereas increase in the gas flow rate and solid cuttings concentration decreased the cutting transport velocity for a constant gas input pressure. A non-dimensional performance parameter was introduced, for comparison of the cutting transport efficiency of different fluids such as water, 0.05 wt. % and 0.1 wt. % bio-polymer concentrations. It was observed that foam fluid has the highest bed height, Reynold number and lowest solid velocity (Reynold number). Performance parameter indicates that foam fluid has a better cutting transport efficiency as compared to bio-polymer based drilling fluid for horizontal drilling. This study can act as a guide to improve our knowledge of cutting transport and how cutting transport efficiency of different fluids can be compared using performance parameter.
Qatari tight Gas Reservoirs: Molecular Simulation insights toward Estimation of Ultimate Recovery (EUR) from Carbonated Reservoirs
Authors: Elbashier Elkhansa , Hussein Ibnelwaleed
Published: October 2021

The geometrical properties of the reservoir rocks are usually affected by natural thermodynamics or environmental changes that may affect the amount of gas in place in the reservoir. To address these properties, we conduct density functional theory calculations to study the effect of gas composition on the adsorption (Eads), considering surface strain and curvature effects. Additional analyses, like geometrical analysis, and surface energy, were conducted to explain the results. The results of the strain effect showed that regardless of the strain values or curvature levels, all considered gases are physisorbed, with CO2 having the largest Eads. In addition to their weak interaction with the surface, CH4 shows no particular changing trend of the Eads with strain. The effect of strain becomes more pronounced in the case of CO2 and C2H6. A new model of the nanopore, which is the cylindrical-shaped nanopore, is introduced. Cylindrical nanopores have greater adsorption affinity compared to the flat surface, which demonstrates their higher gas capacity. Additionally, a mathematical model of the Eads vs. the diameter is developed. The capacity test of CH4 and CO2 showed adsorption of >24 molecules. These findings can be useful for determining the estimated ultimate recovery in carbonaceous tight gas reservoirs.
Facile and Novel LiAlO2 Film Electrodes for Energy Efficient Li recovery from Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Brine
Authors: Hafsa Umme , Zavahir Sifani , ElMakki Tasneem , Ahmad Zubair , Han Dong Suk
Published: October 2021

Concentration of Li in seawater is too low at 0.17 ppm despite its high content altogether with a reported 230 billion tons. Hence, seawater is not a practical source to recover Li from; Li is largely extracted by solar drying of salt-lake brines (100-200 ppm of Li). Salt-lake brines are confined to a certain region and not available for most parts of the world. However, seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine is rather a widely available resource due to large adoption of the technique for water desalination. Hence, this study focuses on extraction of Li from concentrated SWRO brine. Li content in the feed can be increased up to 0.85 ppm, which is seemingly a favorable input stream. Electrically switched ion exchange (ESIX) on the other hand is energy efficient and economical in isolating Li, compared to other contemporary techniques such as capacitive deionization and electrodialysis. These approaches are meant to significantly shorten the time consumed in conventional solar drying process. Density functional theory studies have shown novel LiAlO2 type working electrode can be a better electrode to capture Li in ESIX system over widely known LMO and LiFePO4 working electrodes. Thus, this study intends to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the suitability of ESIX approach working in two electrodes configuration with LiAlO2 working electrode and activated carbon counter electrode to recover Li from concentrated SWRO brine. The operating system affirmed the recovery of Li with a specific energy consumption of 100Wh/mol and 97% purity, along with recyclability of the working electrode over minimum of 5 cycles without any apparent activity loss.
Salinity Effects on Symbiodinium sp. growth rate in Controlled conditions and produced Biomass Biochemical Characterization
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha
Published: October 2021

Salinity is an abiotic influencer to the growth and the efficiency of the algal Symbiodinium that coexists in symbiosis with corals. In light of the high salinity conditions that prevail in the Arabian Gulf including the waters of Qatar, we observed the effect of salinity above local-ambient levels on Symbiodinium’s growth rate, biomass and its photosynthetic efficiency. Symbiodinium sp. extracted from Platygyra daedalea was launched in f/2 media in controlled incubator conditions at salinities of 30, 40 (control), 45, 50, 60 and 70 psu for 11 days. Subsamples were obtained and fixed for cell density counts and growth rate calculations. Photosynthetic efficiency was determined using an Aquapen, and biomass at the end of the experiment was sent for biochemical characterization. A two-way ANOVA test was performed on the data using SigmaPlot software. Our results indicated that at salinities 55 psu and greater, significant decline in both cell density and photosynthetic efficiency was observed. At 70 psu, growth rate was exclusively negatively affected, and biochemical compositions varied at all salinity levels with a notable increase in lipid content at 70 psu. Impact of high salinity has not been widely studied in the Arabian Gulf. Thus, this study will aid conservational efforts while also encouraging further studies on the contribution of abiotic factors to Symbiodinium sp. growth in the region.
Assessment of Human Fetal Left Heart Hemodynamics during Prenatal Development
Authors: Yalcin Huseyin C. , Salman Huseyin E , Kamal Reema Y.
Published: October 2021

The hemodynamic forces and wall shear stresses (WSS) play an important role during the fetal heart development. Abnormal levels of flow-driven shear stress can deteriorate the proper functioning of the cells responsible for the growth and remodeling of the heart and lead to congenital heart defects (CHDs). Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a critical CHD with severely underdeveloped left ventricle and responsible for 25-40% of all neonatal cardiac deaths. To characterize the main differences between the healthy and HLHS fetal hearts in terms of morphology, flow behavior, and WSS levels, will help to understand the mechanobiological development of the human fetal hearts. The comparison of healthy and HLHS fetal hearts is important to understand the embryonic development of HLHS. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is performed to elucidate the flow behavior and WSS levels in the heart chambers. First, the model geometries are generated using the medical images. Then, the flow domain is discretized in spatial and time domains for solving the governing fluid flow equations. Inlet flow conditions are determined using the Doppler ultrasound velocity measurements. The analyses cover the range of gestational week 16 and week 34. HLHS hearts have higher peak flow rates at the valves compared to the control hearts. The turbulent activity in the left side of the heart is higher than the right side. For the control hearts, there is a balance between the left and right sides of the heart, which is preserved during the development. The ratio of the cross-sectional area between the left and right sides of the heart is about 57.5% to 42.5% for the control hearts. HLHS significantly reduces the cross-sectional area of the left side of the heart. For HLHS hearts, the ratio between the left and right sides becomes about 30% to 70%. The average WSS levels significantly increase at the left side of the HLHS hearts. This study indicates the critical importance of the altered inflow hemodynamics during the human fetal heart development. CFD analysis can be used to predict the initiation and growth of CHDs. The presence of CHDs significantly changes the biomechanical environment in the fetal hearts.
Development and In Vivo Testing of Smart Nanoparticles for Enhanced Anti-Cancer Activity and Reduced Cardiotoxicity Associated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Yalcin Huseyin , Al-Thani Hissa , Shurbaji Samar
Published: October 2021

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are new generation of anti-cancer drugs with very high efficiency against cancer cells. However, TKIs are associated with severe cardiotoxicity limiting their clinical benefits. One TKI that has been developed recently but not explored much is Ponatinib. The use of nanoparticles as a better therapeutic agent to deliver anti-cancer drugs and reduce their cardiotoxicity has been recently considered. In this study, PLGA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles were synthesized to deliver Ponatinib while reducing its cardiotoxicity for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. Shape, size, surface charge and drug uptake ability of these nanoparticles were assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ZetaSIZER NANO and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cardiotoxicity of Ponatinib, unloaded and loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA nanoparticles were studied on zebrafish model through measuring the survival rate and cardiac function parameters, to optimize efficient drug concentrations in an in vivo setting. These particles were tested on zebrafish cancer xenograft model in which, K562 cell line, was transplanted into zebrafish embryos. We showed that, at an optimal concentration (0.0025mg/ml), Ponatinib loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA particles are non-toxic/non-cardio-toxic and are very efficient against cancer growth and metastasis. Zebrafish is a good animal model for investigating the cardiotoxicity associated with the anti-cancer drugs such as TKIs, to determine the optimum concentration of smart nanoparticles with the least side effects and to generate xenograft model of several cancer types. Also, PLGA-PEG-PLGA NPs could be good candidate for CML treatment, but their cellular internalization should be enhanced. This could be achieved by coating and labeling the surface of PLGA-PEG-PLGA NPs with specific ligands that are unique to CML cells.
Analisis Kinerja Skema MPEG Surround Pada Pengkodean Audio 22 Kanal Menggunakan Bitrate 1000 - 2000 Kbps
Authors: Ridwan Ahmad , JR Vitral , Satria Habib , Elfitri Ikhwana
Published: October 2021

MPEG surround is one of the most popular multichannel audio coding standards used today. In producing quality sound, there are several parts that are influential, but those that are directly related to sound reproduction, one of which is the method of downmixing, mixing the right channels will improve the quality of the sound produced. Because this research is closely related to data computing, the Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) application is used. There are 2 stages carried out in the MATLAB application, namely the encoding and decoding process. In the encoding process in MATLAB, each audio channel is set according to a previously designed scheme. The results of this encoding are then decoded, so that the ODG value of each tested audio channel is obtained. In his presentation, the design and analysis of several domnmixing schemes was carried out. There are 5 schemes tested and to determine the performance of each scheme, these schemes are tested at high bitrates, from the range of 1000 Kbps to 2000 Kbps. Based on the test, it was found that the effect of increasing the bitrate is directly proportional to the resulting audio quality. During testing Scheme-5 has a better level of stability among all downmixing schemes and the average percentage increase in Objective Difference Grade (ODG) for all audio samples is 9.6927 %.
Knowledge of Beneficiaries about Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojanain Tumkur District of Karnataka
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Agricultural college and Research Institute, TNAU, Madurai, Y Darshan , K Ramakrishnan ,   Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Agricultural college and Research Institute, TNAU, Madurai, J Pushpa ,   Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Agricultural college and Research Institute, TNAU, Madurai, K Prabakaran ,   Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Agricultural college and Research Institute, TNAU, Madurai
Published: October 2021

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojna (PMFBY) is a crop-based insurance policy designed to help farmers who have suffered crop loss or damage. During the year 2020-21, a research conducted in the Tumkur district of Karnataka the showed the highest number of insurance units (895) compared to other districts of the Karnataka . The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the beneficiaries (52.50 %) had a medium knowledge level about Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana. The study’s findings underline the importance of profile characteristics namely education, landholding, material possession, extension agency contact, source of information, innovativeness, training attended, economic motivation and mass media exposure that had a positively significant relationship at one per cent level of probability. Whereas variables such as annual income and social participation had a positively significant relationship at five per cent level of probability with beneficiaries’ level of knowledge. On the other hand, Crop loan availability and disaster occurrence pattern had no significant relationship with the knowledge level of the beneficiaries about Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana.
Perancangan Tampilan User Interface Pada Website Klinik Sehat Berdasarkan Metode Paper Prototype
Authors: Tannady Hendy , Haeraini Dela , Natalia Dina
Published: October 2021

Peran teknologi informasi bagi perusahaan mempunyai peranan penting dan dapat menjadi pusat strategi bisnis untuk memperoleh keunggulan bersaing. Saat ini teknologi informasi sudah menjadi kebutuhan dasar bagi setiap perusahaan. Perusahaan yang ingin dikenal secara luas maupun perusahaan yang ingin menjaga hubungan dengan pelanggannya perlu membuat situs/website yang berisi informasi profil perusahaan maupun jasa/produk yang diberikan. Setiap website pasti memiliki sebuah user interface yang berbeda-beda. Klinik Sehat sama seperti klinik pada umumnya yang memberikan pelayanan yang efektif dan efisien. Untuk meningkatkan pelayanan klinik, pihak klinik ingin membuat website yang dapat digunakan pengguna untuk mudah melihat aktifitas yang sedang berlangsung di klinik. Dengan membuat website klinik, tampilan antarmuka (interface) berperan penting dalam pembuatan website. Interface merupakan hal yang di lihat pertama kali pada saat pengguna membuka website Klinik Sehat. Interface menjadi patokan. Untuk membuat interface yang bersifat user friendly pihak kinik membuat interface dengan metode paper prototype. Paper prototype dapat membantu membuat interface pada awal pengembangannya.  Hasil yang di dapat pada paper ini adalah metode paper prototype cocok digunakan untuk membuat tampilan user interface pada website seperti Klinik Sehat, tampilan user interface yang user friendly bagi para pengguna website, Pengguna dapat melakukan ujicoba antarmuka dengan aksi-aksi yang nyata dan juga dapat menentukan sendiri aksi atau tugas apa saja yang bisa dipahami dan dilakukan ketika menggunakan aplikasi/website tersebut secara intuitif.
Investigation of an improved tensor routing model in the telecommunications network represented in the basis of interpolar paths and internal node pairs
Authors: Lemeshko Oleksandr , Yevdokymenko Maryna
Published: October 2021

An improved tensor model of a telecommunication network (TCN) was selected for the study. The model is presented in terms of inter-polar paths and internal node pairs. The advantage of this model is the use of quality of service conditions in terms of bandwidth, average end-to-end delay, and packet loss probability. Within the framework of the chosen model, the technological routing problem is formulated in an optimization form together with the conditions and constraints imposed on routing variables. A system of criteria for optimality of routing solutions, which can be used to calculate optimal values for routing variables, is proposed. These criteria depending on the specifics of the routing problem focus on the optimal use of the available network resource and/or on the differentiated improvement of Quality of Service (QoS) indicators of network performance, to the numerical values of which one or another packet flow is sensitive. The analysis of the influence to the optimality criterion form on the nature of solutions to QoS-routing problems using the proposed tensor model of a telecommunications network is carried out. On a set of numerical examples, the improved tensor model of TCN both at the level of the proposed QoS-conditions and the considered QoS-optimality criteria confirmed its adequacy in solving the problems of a single path and multipath routing. The improved tensor model of TCN provided an adaptive response to changes in network load and the type of optimality criterion for routing solutions in terms of ensuring the required values of QoS-indicators – bandwidth, average end-to-end delay, and packet loss probability.
Information technology and software to increase the planning efficiency of cellular base station subsystem
Authors: Polihenko Oleh , Odarchenko Roman , Tereshchenko Lidiia , Smirnov Oleksii , Usik Pavlo
Published: October 2021

Most modern cellular networks do not meet the updated needs of the market. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the efficiency of their operation to provide the required level of quality of customer service and at the same time reduce the overhead required for the operation and planning of cellular networks. This article is devoted to the generalization of the obtained scientific and practical results and the development of new information technology to increase the efficiency of the base station subsystem of the cellular operator. The developed information technology allows to reduce energy consumption, costs of construction and operation of the base station subsystem of the cellular operator, and thus increase the technical, energy, and economic efficiency of the base station subsystem of the cellular operator. The main result of the application of the developed information technology is to obtain the optimal architecture of base station subsystems and increase their efficiency. Furthermore, based on the use of developed methods, models, and information technology, the software was implemented to plan a more efficient subsystem of base stations of the cellular operator.
Исследование механизма образования сложной окалины на жаропрочной стали 25Cr18Ni9Si2
Authors: Хайтао Ван , Шуфэн Сунь
Published: October 2021

Методами сканирующей электронной микроскопии, энергодисперсионного анализа и рентгеновской дифрактометрии исследованы кинетика и механизм образования окалины сложного состава и строения на поверхности жаропрочной стали 25Cr18Ni9Si2 в процессе окисления при 900 °C в течение 500 ч. Установлен состав окалины, определено соотношение между привесом и длительностью окисления. Показано, что формирование сложной окалины связано с одновременным окислением и восстановлением Si, Cr, Fe, Ni, сопровождающимся измельчением зерен оксидов. Сделан вывод, что именно плотная композитная окалина обеспечивает высокую стойкость стали к окислению.
Влияние сверхравновесных концентраций азота на структуру и свойства сталей после газотермобарической обработки в компримированном азоте
Authors: Белоусов Г. С. , Белоусов А. В.
Published: October 2021

Рассмотрена возможность создания методом газотермобарической обработки (ГТБО) в компримированном азоте (молекулярном азоте под давлением) высокоазотистых сталей и сплавов со сверхравновесными концентрациями азота с принципиально новыми, более высокими свойствами. Показана эффективность технологии ГТБО в компримированном азоте для низколегированных конструкционных и инструментальных сталей, сталей с особыми физическими свойствами и твердых сплавов, а также возможность формирования азотированных слоев толщиной около 2 мм на поверхности полуфабрикатов из низколегированных сталей за время не более нескольких часов. Отмечена экологическая безопасность предлагаемой технологии, ее экономическая эффективность.
Effective Methods of Protection Against Space Factors in an Interplanetary Ship and an Outside Colony
Authors:   AVANTA-Consulting research company, Mayboroda Alexander
Published: October 2021

Interplanetary flights and the colonization of planets require solutions to the problems of protection from the following space factors: solar and galactic radiation, weightlessness during a long flight, and hypogravity on extraterrestrial bases. The solutions proposed: protection from space radiation is provided by connecting the ships of the squadron into a package that forms a protective cocoon around the living quarters; colonists are protected from hypogravity by placing space-type colonies on planets, which create artificial gravity by rotating on special platforms with minimal friction.
El intercambio de invectivas en yambos latinos entre Bonaventura Vulcanio y Franz Nans
Authors:   Universidad de Cádiz, Del Pino Eduardo
Published: October 2021

This paper consists of the first critical edition and translation of some Latin poems written in iambic meter by the Flemish Hellenists Bonaventura Vulcanius and Franciscus Nansius to attack each other. It also contains a commentary on their historical context, genre, meter, vocabulary and style.
Calculation of The Intracranial Volume in Gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa) by Stereology and Computed Tomography
Authors: Demircioğlu İsmail , Koçyiğit Ali , Aydoğdu Sedat , Gezer İnce Nazan , Yılmaz Bestami
Published: October 2021

The danger of extinction faced by the gazelles, which show a broad geographical distribution, in recent times and inclusion of the gazelles in the conservation list of IUCN indicate the importance and necessity of the studies on continuity of the species. In this context, the determination of intracranial volume is clinically essential for the breed and sexual dysmorphism. In the present study the crania of 11 gazelles (5 male and 6 female gazelles) (Gazella subgutturosa) were used. The cranium of the gazelles were scanned at 80 kV, 200 mA, 639 mGY, and 0.625 mm section thickness using 64‐slice Multi‐Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT). The intracranial volume of the gazelles was estimated using computed tomography sections according to Cavalieri’s Principle. Three‐dimensional models of the intracranial area were created using MIMICS 20.1 Software, the software calculated intracranial volume. The obtained results were statistically tested in terms of both methods and sexual dimorphism. The study results revealed that crania showed no difference between sexes (P>0.05). No difference was detected between the two methods in statistical analysis of the intracranial volumes calculated using stereology and CT models. Consequently, it was considered that the use of intracranial volumes of the gazelles would contribute to the clinical sciences concerning detection, diagnosis and progression of the diseases.
Dealing with Cultural Identities: A Study of Nepalese Families in Tokyo
Authors: Singh Mehta Kalu
Published: October 2021

In recent years, the Nepalese migrant population in Japan has increased exponentially. The number reached 88,951 in 2018, becoming the largest south Asian population in Japan. This number includes people in various visa categories: skilled labor, engineer, business, dependent, student and so on. The number of school children lies somewhere around 10,000. A child born and raised in a culture different to their parents’ culture goes through a complex cultural identity formation process. In this context, this paper explores children’s cultural identity development and promotion by migrant Nepalese families in Tokyo. In particular, it examines which cultural identities they are prioritizing and how they are developing host cultural identities while maintaining their native culture. The experiences of these migrant Nepalese parents were collected through in-depth interviews with 45 parents. The responses suggest that these parents are prioritizing the promotion of a Nepalese cultural identity for their child(ren). Parents focus on promoting and participating in Nepalese festivals, cooking Nepalese food at home, and meeting other Nepalese families in Japan. However, almost every parent expressed their desire for the development of a multicultural sense in their child(ren).
The Centrality of the Eastern Region in Sudan's Peace: Existing Tensions and Prevention of Escalation of Conflict
Authors: Barakat Sultan , Hedaya Mona
Published: October 2021

Eastern Sudan is in a critical stage, where local fault lines intersect with Horn of Africa tensions and regional and international ambitions. This study traces those fissures and their intersections in order to understand and analyze the conflict in the region. Its basic premise is that eastern Sudan represents the priority and geographical entry point in the Sudanese peace-building process, and that the establishment/strengthening of peace in this region is linked to a reciprocal relationship with the security and stability of the Horn of Africa. The study presents preliminary ideas, in terms of preventive diplomacy, that may contribute to healing the rifts. It is based on a combination of primary sources, literature, and personal interviews with Sudanese academics, diplomats and other actors. In addition, it builds on the outputs of two workshops from the Sudan Track II Peace Dialogue Project. It frames some aspects of the analysis and ideas presented with a set of theories and hypotheses that intersect with the field of conflict studies, following the "combined approach," for studying complex conflict environments.
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L., Malvaceae) Research and Development Advances in Bangladesh: A Review
Authors: Mahbubul Islam Md.
Published: October 2021

Kenaf originated in India and Africa the plant is best grown in tropics and to some extent in sub-tropics. In Bangladesh, Kenaf is now a promising new fibre crop. Around 0.08-0.09million tons of kenaf produced in the country from 0.04 million hectares of land. The secondary data of kenaf used here were collected from different studies like national and international annual reports, thesis, books and journals during from January to July 2019. The plants are herbaceous annuals; growing to a height of even 5 m. There are some Kenaf varieties of bnagladesh, HC-2, HC-95, BJRI Kenaf-3(Bot Kenaf) and BJRI Kenaf -4 (KE-3). The commercial success of kenaf has important potential economic and environmental benefits in the areas of soil remediation, toxic waste cleanup, removal of oil spills on water, reduced chemical and energy use for paper production, greater recycled paper quality, reduced soil erosion due to wind and water, replacement or reduced use of fiberglass in industrial products, and the increased use of recycled plastics. In Bangladesh day by day demand of kenaf fibre is increasing. Kenaf uses in fibre, forage, paper pulp and also where kenaf is grown in home gardens, the more tender upper leaves and shoots are sometimes eaten either raw or cooked. Kenaf fruits have significant medicinal properties, very high in vitamin-C, antioxidants and phytochemicals. It’s seeds are a good source of fat slouble antioxidants. In future research to be continued for searching kenaf varieties tolerance to problem soil; tolerance to diseases and pests; having small seed size with long duration of seed viability and smoothness and indehiscence type of kenaf fruits.
Wine and Health; it's a Story
Authors: Rifler Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2021

Wine is the fruit of the vineyard and the work of man. Since the highest antiquity, wine has been an important element of ritual and sacrificial practices. In Greece, he was both a cult object and a symbol of culture.