bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF EMISSION INTENSITY IN QUANTIFICATION AND FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES OF MESALAMINE
Authors: Gurrala Sunitha , Anumolu Panikumar D. , Panchakatla Vasavi , Achanta Radhagayathri , Chakka Rajesh , Maddala Veda ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 090, Telangana, India
Published: September 2021

A simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the estimation of mesalamine (MES). Linearity was obeyed in the range of 0.1-2.5 µg/mL in distilled water as solvent at an emission wavelength (λem) of 501 nm after excitation (λex) at 332 nm, with a good correlation coefficient of 0.999. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for this method were 0.05 and 0.1 µg/mL, respectively. The developed method was statistically validated as per ICH guidelines. The percentage relative standard deviation values were found to be less than 2 for accuracy and precision studies. The assay results obtained were in good agreement with the labeled amounts of the marketed formulations. This validated method was extended to study the degradation behavior of mesalamine in various conditions such as acid, alkaline, oxidative, thermal, and UV effects. Although there was no degradation observed in oxidative, thermal, UV effect, 41.9 % and 11.6 % amount was degraded in acid and alkaline media, respectively. The proposed method was effectively applied to routine quality control analysis of mesalamine in bulk and marketed formulations.
Legal Societal System Intervention Trauma to Child Sexual Abuse Victims Following Disclosure in the Lusaka Urban District of Zambia
Authors: Mbuzi Anselimo Boniface , Imasiku Mwiya L.
Published: September 2021

The rigorous hospital, police and legal procedures through which sexually abused

children go through can further increase the level of trauma if not done professionally.

If these procedures are performed in a sensitive and knowledgeable manner this can

lead to an expedited healing process for the child who is sexually traumatised. Trauma

is not just a health hazard but a condition that can impair full disclosure of required

details by a child who has been sexually abused.

In Phase 1, four in-depth case studies of children who were sexually abused were

carried out using the qualitative method of one to one oral interviews. Phase II

involved an investigation into the relationship between societal interventions such

as court procedures and trauma levels in fifty sexually abused children. The tool that

was used to assess or to measure the level of trauma and determine the amount of

stress experienced by each child was the Trauma Symptoms Checklist for children.

This instrument was developed by John Biere (1989). The data obtained was analysed

using descriptive analysis.

The police officers, the social workers and health workers indicated that they

had interviewed 50 per cent of the sexually abused children three times while the

remaining 10 per cent reported to have been interviewed more than three times. It

was further reported that each child had an average of three cross examinations in the

courts of law. The Trauma Symptoms Check List revealed that twenty five (50%)

of sexually abused children who had been separated from their primary care-givers

exhibited more stress and trauma than their counterparts. It was also found that fifteen

of the sexually abused children who were taken to the juvenile courts of law exhibited

less stress and trauma than their colleagues who were taken to the regular adult courts.

It was also observed that 75 per cent of the sexually abused children who indicated

that they had trusting relationships with the professionals expressed being at ease with

them.

This study indicates that certain types of societal system interventions such

as multiple questioning, more than three interviews, child-mother or care-giver

separation, inadequate trust during the investigation, court procedures and social

service phases, further traumatised sexually abused children.
Teacher Educators’ Perceptions of Environmental Education As a Crosscutting Issue and Their Participation in Its Teaching at Kitwe and Mansa Colleges of Education
Authors: Chileshe Lukonde Derrick
Published: September 2021

This study was undertaken to investigate the respondents’ perceptions of Environmental

Education (EE) and participation in its teaching at Kitwe and Mansa Colleges of Education

in Zambia. The study used both qualitative and quantitative research approaches which

also included questionnaires, observations and focus group discussions as research

instruments. Content analysis was used to ascertain teacher educators’ participation in

EE. A sample comprised thirty-three purposively selected college teacher educators.

The data collected was analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively.

The findings revealed that respondents’ views of EE were associated with creation

of awareness about the environment and narrowly viewed EE in terms of nature

conservation. The majority (73%) of the respondents stated that EE was wrongly

included in the curriculum. The study further revealed that EE was only taught as

topics or subtopics in Science Education (SE), Social, Spiritual and Moral Education

(SSME) and Technology Studies (TS) and not as a crosscutting discipline across the

curriculum; and that teacher educators essentially adopted teacher-centred methods

in teaching EE, concentrating on imparting book-based knowledge. Moreover, no

mechanism existed to compel them to integrate EE in lessons taught making the

crosscutting approach ineffective in implementing it.

The majority of the respondents had neither received pre-service nor in-service

training in EE and if they had received such training, it was irrelevant to the work they

were doing. The study concluded that EE should not end at the creation of awareness

about the environment but should be linked to knowledge, skills and attitudes required

to demand for an action for the environment. The recommendations made were that

the curriculum should be reviewed and EE topics or content also be incorporated in all

study areas. In addition, the Ministry of Education (MoE) through Teacher Education

and Specialised Services (TESS) should formulate a policy framework to guide

EE teaching in Primary Colleges of Education. In fact, the EE should formulate or

contribute questions toward final examinations and the Ministry of Education (MoE)

should procure EE teaching resources. Additionally, teacher educators should use

extra curricular activities as learning space for EE.

Lastly, colleges should appoint EE Coordinators to spearhead the EE implementation.

There is an urgent need to train or reorient teacher educators in the two colleges on

how they could strengthen the grounding in EE. When such training is concluded

well, it should now cover all the Zambian Colleges of Education.
An Ethical Investigation into the Impact of Mophane Worm Depletion on the Environment in the North-Eastern Part of Botswana: A Case Study of Gungwe and Mbalambi Villages
Authors: Selaledi Fatima
Published: September 2021

Mophane worm is a name given to caterpillars hosted by the Mophane tree. The

mophane worm is harvested as food supplement in most of the Southern African

countries. For the past few years, there have been some reports indicating that the

worm has disappeared in some parts of Botswana. Hence, the aim of this research

study has been to investigate from an ethical perspective the impact of mophane

worm depletion on the environment. A qualitative approach was used in this study

and data was collected from the following target groups of people: villagers, headmen

of the stated two villages and the Ministry of Environment, Wildlife and Tourism

(MEWT) officers both at local and national level. The theoretical framework involved

traditional theories (i.e., Value Theory and Utilitarianism) and environmental ethical

theories (i.e., Social Ecology, Environmental and Intergenerational Justice).

The research instruments employed were individual interview schedules, focus

group discussions and observation. A fourfold model of analysis was used focusing

on the biological, economical, social and political dimensions. From the findings

of the study, it emerged that both natural and anthropogenic factors contributed to

mophane worm depletion. The natural factors were drought and predation while the

anthropogenic factors included massive usage of the host tree, destructive methods of

harvesting and demand for more land for agricultural and residential purposes. It also

emerged that mophane worm depletion had both negative and positive impacts on

the environment. These included lack of money by the local people to buy their daily

needs, lack of relish and poor livelihoods, loss of wildlife that fed on mophane worm

and tension between government and local people over the regulation of the resource.

Ethical evaluation revealed that the dominant value for the local people was utility

value to the almost total lack of explicit awareness of intrinsic and inherent value,

and that on utilitarian grounds, the overall evil that depletion of the mophane worm

brought about outweighed its overall good effects. With regard to justice issues, the

findings revealed that unjust social structures and injustices resulting from the unequal

distribution of benefits and burdens as well as from the lack of adequate participation

by the local communities in decision-making had a greater negative than positive

impact. Finally, recommendations were made emphasising the utmost importance of

government intervention to mitigate, if not, stop the depletion of the mophane worm.
Teacher Preparedness to Utilize Emergent Literacy for Teaching Initial Literacy in Selected Schools of Mansa District
Authors: Imange Samuel , Simwinga John
Published: September 2021

Effective teaching of initial literacy in Grade 1 demands more of the teacher’s attention to

pupils’ emergent literacy skills and consideration of how they learn. The emergent literacy

skills children acquire lay a firm foundation for their learning to read and write in the

conventional sense. Some of the skills that children develop under emergent literacy

include phonological awareness and phonological sensitivity, which give children the

ability to hear, recognize, manipulate and distinguish the sounds of the language they have

acquired. These are key language skills which teachers will need to utilize in their teaching

of reading and writing skills to Grade 1 learners in the classroom.

A study was carried out whose purpose was to investigate whether primary school teachers

in Mansa District utilized emergent literacy skills in their teaching of conventional reading

and writing skills to the learners in Grade 1 considering the fact that emergent literacy lays

a firm and solid foundation for continuous development of the literacy skills. The study

was a descriptive survey and qualitative in nature since it required the researcher to

describe the state of affairs as found and observed in their natural setting in the research

sites. The qualitative methods of data collection and analysis were used. The sample for

this study comprised 62 Grade 1 teachers and 3,594 Grade 1 primary school pupils. Only

those schools teaching initial literacy in the local familiar language using the Breakthrough

to Literacy (BTL) methodology were targeted for this research.

The findings indicated that: (1) Teachers lacked knowledge about emergent literacy and

did not know how useful it was for continuous literacy development among the children.

(2) Most of the teachers ignored pupils’ prior literacy knowledge and considered their

learners as complete illiterates who knew nothing about literacy skills. (3) Teachers never

designed extra teaching and learning materials for teaching literacy. Rather, they relied on

the New Breakthrough to Literacy (NBTL) kit materials. (4) The class sizes were large and

meaningful scaffolding was lacking in most of the classes.

This study concluded that the Ministry of Education in Zambia should consider emergent

literacy as the foundation for conventional literacy development in Grade 1. One

recommendation was that teachers should be equipped with knowledge of emergent

literacy through deliberate training. They need to understand and appreciate emergent

literacy as an essential body of knowledge to be utilized for successful conventional

literacy development among Grade 1 learners.
An Investigation into the Challenges Encountered by the University of Zambia in the Implementation of Extension Education: A Case of North Western Province
Authors: Nduna Mwenya , Chakanika Wanga
Published: September 2021

The Extra Mural Studies Department (now known as Extension Studies Section) was established in order to maintain the university links with the community as well as serve as a conduit through which university knowledge and university ways of thought can be transmitted to people in their locality. This research therefore, was an undertaking to identify challenges encountered in the implementation of University Extension Education. It was guided by the following objectives; identify the challenges encountered in the implementation of Extension Education, find out whether or not the University of Zambia Extension Education programs are in tandem with the educational needs of the local society in North Western Province, and assess whether or not the University of Zambia Extension Studies in North Western Province conducted other outreach programs apart from evening classes. In terms the research design, the study employed a case study design as it allowed the researcher to bring out a case and study it in its natural setting. Questionnaire and interview guide were the instruments used to collect data from the respondents comprising 97 students and 1 officer administering the office of the Resident Lecturer. It emerged from the findings that there were many challenges that the University of Zambia encountered in the implementation of extension education, central of all was the lack of qualified part time tutors in addressing the educational needs of the community in which it operated. The study also established that most of the courses offered by the University Extension Studies in North Western Province did not answer to the educational needs of the people in the Province. In view of the findings the study recommended that the University of Zambia should ensure that the provincial office is adequately and appropriately staffed with qualified personnel and also make a deliberate effort to create a policy to involve the local community.
The Robotic Man by Habit: An Existential Analysis of Albert Camus’ The Misunderstanding
Authors: Siame Mukundwe
Published: September 2021

Human existence is essentially characterised by habit. It is habit that

carries us most of the times, from one day to another as our daily activities

are mostly routine in nature. As Albert Camus (1942) notes, most of our

daily activities are commanded by habit. This is why Camus compares the

human condition to that of Sisyphus. Camus submits that like Sisyphus, the

same rhythm carries us from one day to another and this makes our actions

automatic, if not robotic. Furthermore, Camus notes that habit usually

leads to monotony, boredom and meaninglessness of our actions. This is

what he refers to as the absurdity of human existence; a feeling of futility we

may experience when we become aware of the repetitiveness of our routines

and rituals (Craig, 2005); grosso modo, a lack of fundamental meaning

in life. In this paper, our analysis of Camus’ play, ‘The Misunderstanding’

(1943) is hinged upon Sartre’s existentialism, which has close affinities with

Camus’ philosophical concept of the absurd. In ‘Being and Nothingness’

(1943), Sartre submits that the problem of being is the most important

phenomenological problem. According to Sartre, there are essentially, two

modes of existence; Being-in-itself and Being-for-itself. Being-in-itself is

the type of being that objects in this world have; for example, Being-foritself is the being of human beings. In this article, we have submitted that

habit robotises the characters in Camus’ play in that it (habit) transforms

them into Being-in-itself whose existence is passive and absurd.
A Discursive Analysis of Begging Discourse by the Visually Impaired in Zimbabwe
Authors: Matiza Vimbai Moreblessing
Published: September 2021

The article seeks to explore the societal perceptions and interpretations of the discourse used by the visually impaired people when begging in Zimbabwe. The paper analyses the expression of words in speech and songs during the begging process. The study emerges out of the realisation that there is a high rate of people with visual impairment begging in streets and buses. These people use spoken discourse through singing and chanting when begging from the society. Despite the economic hardships in Zimbabwe, the visually impaired are always begging and highly active on a daily basis. It is against this realisation that the article focuses on how this discourse is perceived and interpreted by different people in Zimbabwean societies. The paper provides a socio linguistic analysis of the language used during begging by the visually impaired. The main focus is on the societal perceptions and interpretations of the discourse used by the visually impaired people when begging. The article uses a qualitative research methodology with purposive sampling technique employed to gather data from the passengers in buses, the visually impaired and their guides and from bus drivers and conductors. Random selection of some people was also done to get their perceptions and interpretations on the discourse by the visually impaired people in the streets. Guided by the critical discourse analysis theory, the paper argues that the discourse used by the visually impaired is largely ‘politicised’ so as to appeal to people’s minds and get the assistance they need.
The Tonga Art of Kulibanda: A Literary and Linguistic Analysis
Authors: Chilala Cheela , Jimaima Hambaba
Published: September 2021

Framed within the broader context of two not so related theoretical lenses

– literary theory and linguistic theory – the paper seeks to characterise

Tonga practice of kulibanda as a language-based artistic expression for

its sociocultural, literary and linguistic significance among the Tonga

people. Couched within Austin’s speech act theory, Levison’s politeness

principle and literary theory, this brief assessment attempts to bring into

the spotlight unique characteristics of kulibanda, which in ordinary speech

would be judged as flouting the maxims of politeness, deference and cultural

appropriateness. Having considered the material potency of kulibanda

collected from online platforms and occurring in real-life situation, it is

insightful to conclude that the artistic clamour, stylistic flexibility and the

linguistic sensibilities of kulibanda transform this piece of art beyond its

traditional theoretical enclave of oral literature into the structured linguistic

materiality for a shared sociocultural knowledge, histories and meaning

making enterprise among the Tonga people.
Allusiveness, Language and Imagery in Francis Moto's Gazing at The Setting Sun
Authors: Mthatiwa Syned
Published: September 2021

Francis Moto is a Malawian writer who has published poetry both in vernacular (Chichewa) and in English. His poetry in English appears in a collection titled Gazing at the Setting Sun published in 1994, the year Malawians voted Dr Hastings Kamuzu Banda and his Malawi Congress Party (MCP) out of power. Besides recording the suffering of Malawians during the autocratic leadership of the first post-independence president, Dr Banda, and remembering the author's childhood experiences, the poetry also celebrates Malawi's political transformation from one party rule to multiparty democracy in the early 1990s. In the poems, Moto also looks to the future with a sense of hope for a better society where human rights and the rule of law will be respected. This article analyses Moto's poems with the aim of celebrating his successes as a poet. This is done by focusing on his more successful poems in terms of style. It is argued in this article that the success of some of Moto's poems in Gazing at the Setting Sun depends on his allusions to and evocations of dictatorship and political change in Malawi. These evocations and allusions depend on his imagery and choice of words and expressions. In the analysis of the poems, close reading with a particular focus on style is done. The discussion is in two parts. The first part discusses Moto's poems that allude to the dictatorial reign of Dr Banda in Malawi and the second part provides a discussion of Moto's imagery in relation to his evocation of political change.
Personal Name Trends in Independent Zambia: A Reflection on the Fluidity of Living Heritage
Authors: Penda Chanda
Published: September 2021

Personal name usage in Zambia, as is common elsewhere, has undergone changes –

reflecting the overall cultural and historical changes in the nation. This article identifies the

changes which took place in personal naming patterns in Zambia since independence and

discusses the wider socio-cultural and political factors which caused the changes in personal

naming patterns in independent Zambia. The period after independence in 1964 represents

a complex of various interacting histories of the nation, which have significantly impacted

naming patterns. These include, transitions from mandatory requirement for adherents

of the Roman Catholic Church and other Christian organisations to adopt baptismal

names of European saints and enforcement, by school authorities, of usage of European

first names by indigenous Northern Rhodesians during British colonial domination, to

freedom to choose first names following political independence. Further developments

include the closer mingling of local tribes/languages, the rise of charismatic churches, and

Islam, among others. The methodology includes quantitative text analysis of the publicly

available comprehensive University of Zambia (UNZA) graduate directory which contains

names of all the institution’s graduates for the fifty-year period from its foundation in 1966

to 2016. This work samples 2504 names extracted from the graduate directory between

1976 and 2016 in ten-year-intervals as follows: 1976, 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016. The

highest institution of learning in Zambia is located in the capital, Lusaka. UNZA students

are drawn from multi-ethnic backgrounds, mostly featuring Zambian language groups. The

period under consideration includes both people who were born/named before and after

independence. Other methods used in the context of the wider thesis were ethnographic

field interviews with 23 respondents in Chongwe, Kafue and Lusaka districts, and personal

communication with seven others by electronic means. Among the field respondents, four

were aged between their mid-60s and 73, while the rest were of varying ages between 20 and

52. The purposive selection criteria for the four elderly participants included age – those

who had some experience of life under British colonial rule. The other group was randomly

selected, observing balance in gender, socio-economic status and political views. The study

confirms an increase in the usage of first names drawn from local languages. Over the study

period, usage of indigenous Zambian personal names increased from 7.9 per cent to 31.6 per

cent. The study also shows different generic patterns of first name usage among the different

ethnic groups.
A Critical Review of Ideological Trends in the Study of Zambian Literature in English
Authors: Kantini Samson , Chilala Cheela
Published: September 2021

Two ideologically divergent schools of thought have emerged in the study of Zambian

literature in English. The first one rooted in imperialist doctrines emerged in the early 1980s

and continues to influence many studies on Zambian literature to this day. The second one

with a clear object of the renaissance of world literatures like that of Zambia is recent.

It begun towards the end of the second decade of the 2000s and challenges the first one.

This paper gives a critical discussion of studies that constitute and mark these two trends.

It is a desktop research that employs the documental analysis informed by the historical

cultural materialism theory. It concludes that the imperialist school of thought overlook

and impoverish our understanding of the wider ideological and political context in which

Zambian literature in English has and is evolving and the world literary scene on which we

encounter it. Then, the renaissance school of thought does not just remedy this ideological

problem but creates an opportunity for us to study Zambian literature in English as a distinct

local realist tradition that is organically developing and in transition.
Pipe Dream for the Ladies: Constructs of Rights of Prostituted Women among Social Actors in the Sex Industry of Olongapo City, Zambales
Authors: Paz Jonalyn
Published: September 2021

Although recognized as illegal, prostitution in Olongapo is widely practiced, even actively backed by the state. Euphemisms related to sex trade activities and personas such as guest relations officers, entertainers, clients, and managers were employed as cloaks to legitimize its operation. Bars, massage parlors, street solicitations, and private escort services are among the few settings that sustain the sex industry. The historical, political, and economic dimensions of prostitution have been widely researched; however, there remains a dearth of social inquiry pertaining to the sociocultural dimension of the trade, specifically the social construction of rights afforded to the women by those involved in the industry. Underpinned by constructivism theory, this article explores the constructs of the social actors in the prostitution sector pertaining to the rights of prostituted women. It asserts that reality is consistently being shaped through the making, sharing, and reciprocation of a construct system among the social actors in a series of definitive events. The article juxtaposes these constructs with the policies and laws and examines how these translate to social structures and materialization of rights. Findings reveal that the laws and policies on prostitution are largely dissociated from the construct system of the prostituted women. The material conditions in Olongapo, combined with the punitive nature of these ordinances, legitimize exclusion, enable sexual predation, sustain sex buying, stifle the materialization of the rights of prostituted women, and deprive them of legal remedies. A comprehensive and extensive evaluation of the said laws based on the construct system of prostituted women and active involvement of prostituted women in crafting new measures are highly recommended.
ELLY SATRIANI HARAHAP Analisis Faktor Ibu Dengan Kejadian Memiliki Anak Balita Stunting Di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Harahap Elly Satriani
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Stunting is a condition of growing failure from children under five (infants under five years) which results in children being too short for their age as a result of chronic malnutrition. In Pekanbaru City from Nutritional Status Monitoring data in 3 (three) consecutive years, the prevalence of stunting was increased by 17.7%, 23.9%, and 27.7%. The aim is to analyze how the relationship between maternal factors is the cause of the occurrence of having stunting children in the Harapan Raya City Health Center in Pekanbaru in 2019. This research is a quantitative research with cross sectional design and sharpened with qualitative research with case study designs in the Harapan Raya Community Health Center working area in June 2019 with a sample of 187 toddlers and sample selection by purposive sampling. Data collection using questionnaires, interview guidelines, and observation lists. Based on the study of the frequency of occurrence of having a stunting toddler is 52.4% and a multivariate analysis with a multiple factor predictive logistic regression test concludes the Hb value of Mother in Pregnancy (p value = 0.002), Maternal Behavior in Parenting Feeding Patterns (p value = 0.016 ), and Exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0.001) is an independent variable that is significantly related to the risk of occurrence of having a stunting toddler and a confounding variable on the risk of having a stunting toddler namely child distance and maternal parity. For Puskesmas, it is expected to provide information regarding stunting issues in the working area of ​​Harapan Raya Health Center by conducting cross-program collaboration in KIA, GIZI, and Health Promotion.
Hubungan Penghasilan Orang Tua Dengan Motivasi Mahasiswa Sarjana Keperawatan Tingkat I, II, III, IV Dalam Melanjutkan Studi Profesi Ners Di Stikes Advaita Medika Tabanan
Authors: Gede Yenny Apriani Desak , Sastra Putri Desak Made Firsia
Published: September 2021

HUBUNGAN PENGHASILAN ORANG TUA DENGAN MOTIVASI MAHASISWA SARJANA KEPERAWATAN TINGKAT I, II, III, IV DALAM MELANJUTKAN STUDI PROFESI NERS DI STIKES ADVAITA MEDIKA TABANAN

Desak Gede Yenny Apriani1,1, Desak Made Firsia Sastra Putri1,2

1Prodi S1 Keperawatan Ners, 2STIKES Advaita Medika Tabanan

Korespondensi :  yennyapriani2004@gmail.com

 

 

 

Abstrak

 

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Profesi keperawatan dituntut untuk memiiki kemampuan intelektual, interpersonal kemampuan teknis dan moral. Hal ini dapat ditempuh dengan meningkatkan kualitas perawat melalui pendidikan lanjutan pada program Pendidikan Ners. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penghasilan orang tua dengan motivasi mahasiswa program sarjana keperawatan tingkat I,II,III,IV dalam dalam melanjutkan studi Profesi Ners.

 

Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah observasi korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa program sarjana keperawatan pada semua tingkat yaitu sebesar 80 responden dengan pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Variabel terikat adalah motivasi mahasiswa dalam melanjutkan studi profesi ners sedangkan variabel bebas adalah penghasilan orang tua. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode angket menggunakan alat ukur kuesioner. Analisis dilakukan secara univariat untuk mendeskripsikan distribusi frekuensi dan secara bivariat menggunakan uji Person Chi-Square .

 

Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan proporsi mahasiswa yang memiliki motivasi tinggi untuk melanjutkan studi profesi ners sebesar 35,0%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara penghasilan orang tua dengan motivasi maahsiswa dalam melanjutkan studi profesi ners (p<0,005). Pada responden yang memiliki orang tua berpenghasilan tinggi sebesar

59,4% memiliki motivasi yang tinggi untuk melanjutkan studi sedangkan pada responden yang memiliki orang tua berpenghasilan rendah hanya sebesar 18,8% yang memiliki motivasi tinggi untuk melanjutkan studi profesi ners.

 

Simpulan: terdapat hubungan penghasilan orang tua dengan motivasi mahasiswa sarjana keperawatan tingkat i, ii, iii, iv dalam melanjutkan studi profesi ners

 

 

 

Kata kunci : penghasilan, motivasi, ners
Hubungan Penerapan Diet Glutei Free & Casein Free (Gfcf) Dengan Perubahan Perilaku Autis Di SLSBN Pembina Pekanbaru
Authors: AZWAR YESSI
Published: September 2021

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan : Kasus autisme didunia pada anak (autism Infntile) semakin banyak sehingga menimbulkan kekhawatiran dikalangan masyarakat terutama orang tua. Kasus autis di amerika serikat pada tahun 2016 diperkirakan terdapat 400.000 individu dengan autisme (Juwanto, 2016). Penulis mendapatkan data penyandang autis di Provinsi Riau khususnya Pekanbaru pada tahun 2015 diperkirakan sekitar 1.044 yang tersebar dibeberapa Kabupaten (DisdikRiau, 2017). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan penerapan diet Glutein Free & Casein Free (GFCF) dengan perubahan perilaku pada anak autis di SLBN Pembina Pekanbaru.

Metode : Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian jenis kuantitatif, menggunakan desain korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. sampel pada penelitian ini adalah 52 responden melakukan pengisian kuesioner keadaan sebelum diet dan setelah diet.

Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil uji statistic chi square diperoleh nilai p= 0.000 dan nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari α 0.05 (p= 0.000 < 0.05).

Kesimpulan : Disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan penerapan diet GFCF dengan perubahan perilaku pada anak autis.

 

Kata Kunci             :  Anak   Autis,  Diet   Glutein  Free    &  Casein  Free    (GFCF),  Perubahan

Perilaku
Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Tentang Anemia Di Tabanan
Authors: Friska Armynia Subratha Hesteria
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Anemia banyak terjadi pada masyarakat terutama pada remaja dan ibu hamil. Anemia pada remaja putri sampai saat ini masih cukup tinggi, menurut (WHO, 2015), prevalensi anemia dunia berkisar 50-80%. Prevalensi anemia pada remaja putri (usia 15-19 tahun) sebesar 26,5%, dan pada wanita subur sebesar 26,9% (Kemenkes RI, 2015). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan remaja putri tentang anemia pada remaja di Tabanan.

Metode: Penelitian survei  cross sectional dilakukan pada  137 dari kelas XI dan XII di SMA Negeri 1 Marga  Tabanan. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling.

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan remaja putri tentang anemia pada remaja di SMA Negeri 1 Marga kategori pengetahuan baik sebanyak 121 responden (88,3%), dan pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 16 responden (11,7%).                                                         

Simpulan: Remaja diharapkan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan wawasan mengenai kesehatan resproduksi remaja, sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya anemia pada remaja
Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Dan V Di SD N 3 Candikuning
Authors: Gede Yenny Apriani Desak
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang: Gadget pada masa sekarang ini dianggap sebagai media yang sangat berpengaruh dalam kehidupan manusia, karena gadget dapat digunakan sebagai alat komunikasi, memperoleh informasi, media belajar serta media hiburan. Adanya gadget dapat memberikan dampak pada prestasi belajar peserta didik khususnya siswa sekolah dasar.

Tujuan: Untuk Mengetahui hubungan penggunaan gadget terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas IV dan V di SD N 3 Candikuning.

Metode: Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pada  52 orang yang dipilih secara sampel jenuh. Dikumpulkan data dengan kuesioner penggunaan gadget dan evaluasi belajar siswa. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah kolerasi spearman rank dengan signifikansi 0,05.

Hasil: Pada penelitian ditemukan sebagian besar penggunaan gadget sedang sebanyak 25 orang (48,1%) dan prestasi belajar sebagian besar baik sebanyak 28 orang dengan persentase 53,8%. Hasil kolerasi spearman rank didapatkan nilai signifikan 0.00 lebih kecil dari signifikan tabel 0,05.

Simpulan: Ada hubungan penggunaan gadget terhadap prestasi belajar siswa kelas IV dan V di SD N 3 Candikuning.
THE JOURNEY OF CRISPR-CAS9 FROM BACTERIAL DEFENSE MECHANISM TO A GENE EDITING TOOL IN BOTH ANIMALS AND PLANTS
Authors: Tahir T , Ali Q , Rashid MS , Malik A
Published: September 2021

Today we can use multiple of endonucleases for genome editing which has become very important and used in number of applications. We use sequence specific molecular scissors out of which, most important are mega nucleases, zinc finger nucleases, TALENS (Transcription Activator Like-Effector Nucleases) and CRISPR-Cas9 which is currently the most famous due to a number of reasons, they are cheap, easy to build, very specific in nature and their success rate in plants and animals is also high. Who knew that one day these CRISPR discovered as a part of immune system of bacteria will be this much worthwhile in the field of genetic engineering? This review interprets the science behind their mechanism and how several advancements were made with the passage of time to make them more efficient for the assigned job.
GENETIC MODIFICATION FOR SALT AND DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN PLANTS THROUGH SODERF3
Authors: Ali M , Rafique F , Ali Q , Malik A
Published: September 2021

Plants constitute the major part of the ecosystem and maintain balance through their different roles in the stability of the environment. As plants have an impact over environment; in the same manner environment interacts with plants. These interactions bring some productive results or sometimes may cause serious issues to plants. The environment poses some serious threats to plants as it is changing drastically over the course of years. Plants have been resistant to many of biotic and abiotic stresses naturally but now it is getting challenging. The major issues faced by plants are drought, high salt concentration, temperature and many other factors. These issues can be compensated by engineering plants with such novel genes which cause the release of ethylene responsive factor in the case of drought and salt intolerance. There are various studies to engineer the stress sensitive plants with SodERF3, a novel sugarcane ethylene responsive factor which causes promising tolerance in transgenic plants.
EFFECTS OF SALICYLIC ACID PRIMING FOR SALT STRESS TOLERANCE IN WHEAT
Authors: Ghafoor MF , Ali Q , Malik A
Published: September 2021

The present research experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore for determining the possible involvement of salicylic acid (SA) in seed priming and affects on the seedling growth and development under NaCl treatments in wheat variety ANAJ-2017, Shafaq-2006 and Galaxy-2013. The data was collected for various seedling traits and statistically analyzed, which revealed the significance of results for treatments, salt applications, genotypes and the interactions between salt treatments and genotypes. The lower coefficient of variation was recorded for all studied traits which revealed that there was consistency among the results for salicylic acid applications and salt or NaCl treatments. It was concluded from our study that the application of salicylic acid (SA) under salt (NaCl) stress conditions helps wheat seedlings to withstand and compete with stressful conditions. The study revealed that the seed priming with salicylic acid helps to improve root length, shoot length, seedling moisture percentage and fresh seedling weights. The application of NaCl caused to increase the root length, number of roots and shoot length of wheat while salicylic acid (SA) was applied in foliar spray. The use of water priming shows medium effects for the seedling growth of wheat under salt stress environmental conditions. The wheat variety Galaxy-2013 has shown good performance for most of the studied traits of seedlings under salt stress conditions. It was suggested from our study that the variety Galaxy-2013 may be used under salt stress conditions or salt affected soils to improve grain yield of wheat.
EVALUATION OF MAIZE SEEDLING TRAITS UNDER SALT STRESS
Authors: Naseem S , Ali Q , Malik A
Published: September 2021

Maize is an important cereal crop lies at third after wheat and rice in Pakistan. It is very sensitive to salt, heat, drought, cold and heavy metal stresses. To evaluate the effects of salt (NaCl) on maize plant we have conducted a research experiment in the Green House of Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore. We select hybrid P1429, P5971 and P6103 of Maize to access the effect of different concentrations of NaCl stress included control, 0.25Molar NaCl, 0.5Molar NaCl, 0.75Molar NaCl, and 1Molar NaCl applications. The pots were filled with pure sand and seeds of each hybrid were sown in each pot and were let to germinate. After 7 days of germination the data was collected for leaf length, root length, shoot length and root/shoot length ratio. The pots were then given the treatment and data of above mentioned traits was recorded, the application of treatments and data recording were repeated 4 times. The data recorded (4 times each after one week) was subjected to pooled analysis of variance to find significant differences among hybrids and treatments. The result of our study showed that there were significant correlation among root length, shoot length and leaf length of seedlings, from average performance of hybrid P6103 was better as compared with other two hybrids under higher salt stress conditions. It was suggested from our study that the hybrid P6103 may be used as salt tolerance hybrids for improving grain and fodder yield of maize under salt stress condition.
IMPACT OF PUBLIC EXTENSION SERVICES FOR EFFECTIVE WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN WHEAT-MAIZE CROPPING PATTERN IN FAISALABAD PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Saeed MM , Chaudhry KM , Ashraf I , Usman M , Ejaz R , Shoaib M , Riaz I
Published: September 2021

Weeds infestation is one of the major bottlenecks for higher productivity and responsible for considerable grain losses up to 18% in Wheat and 10-60% in Maize crop. Weeds are problematic because of their faster growth and competition for use of natural resources. To ascertain the impact of different public extension services working for improvement of farmer’s knowledge to effective weed management in wheat-maize cropping pattern present was conducted in district Faisalabad. Results of present study evaluated that a vast majority (64.7%) of farmers were familiar with farm and home visit, (46.3%) farmers were known to telephone call and less than one fifth (12.5%) were conversant with office call in individual contact extension services. Meanwhile only (1.5%) farmers were aware with personal letter as a public extension service. In group contact methods more than one fourth (40%) were conscious with farmer day and field day but a meager percentage (2.2%) were known to buzz group and brain storming extension services in reference to effective weeds control. Almost (75%) farmers were recognized with television, mobile phone and fellow farmers as a beneficial agricultural extension services. Majority of farmers were aware about pesticide dealers as a first source of information. According to mean value (2.00) individual contact method was tending between very low to low rates of effectiveness for proper weeds management. Almost (50%) farmers were satisfied with group contact methods as an effective public extension services. Mobile phone was considered most helpful method for obtaining proper information related to weeds control having (3.40) mean value in present research. After getting these types of results it was suggested that provision of the relevant information and awareness regarding effective weeds management may only be ensured if a combination of different contact methods is brought under implementation comprehensively. Language barriers must need to be minimized while contacting the farmers and command over local language and terms is one of the major ways forward in this regard. However further studies are required to investigate the rate of effectiveness of local herbicides.
PREDICTIVE ACCURACY OF CERVICAL LENGTH IN MID TRIMESTER ON TRANSABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND FOR CESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Khalid A , Anjum MN , Daraaz U , Hussain K , Omer MA
Published: September 2021

The Cesarean section (CS) delivery is a most frequent surgical technique worldwide. The CS increasing rate and its related problems have drawn an attention towards CS related morbidity. As recommended by WHO, C-section could be carried out only when required medically. In mid-pregnancy cervical extended length predicts the probability of CS early in the pregnancy. The objective of the study is to find the predictive accuracy of cervical length (CL) on transabdominal ultrasound for cesarean section in mid trimester taking mode of delivery as gold standard. It was a cross sectional study in which 362 females were enrolled. Females were undergoing transabdominal ultrasonography for assessment of cervical length. A 2x2 contingency table was generated to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive valve (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound taking actual mode of delivery as gold standard. The mean age of the females was 27.92 + 5.75 years while mean parity and mean CL were 2.22 + 1.30 and 35.83 + 7.96 mm, respectively. Among 30 females who had cervical length <25 mm, 24 had CS and 6 had spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD). Among 332 females who had cervical length >25 mm, 96 had CS and 236 had SVD. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound for cesarean section were 20.0%, 97.5%, 80.0%, 71.1% and 71.8%, respectively. Study concluded that cesarean section takes place among pregnant females when cervical length is ≤25mm on transabdominal ultrasound during mid trimester.
AN EVIDENCE BASED ASSESSMENT OF MOST COMMON RISK FACTORS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ANALYSIS FROM A LOCAL POPULATION
Authors: Hafeez MM , Yasin T , Safdar U , Waquar S , Rana MA , Malik A
Published: September 2021

The current study was designed for risk assessment of different factors like smoking, diabetes, obesity, and gender in the development of myocardial infarction (MI). A total of one hundred and twelve participants (n=112) was included in this case and control study. They were further divided into two groups. Group A, constituted of fifty controls whereas sixty-two age and sex-matched confirmed cases of Myocardial Infarction were selected for group B. Specially design questionnaire was filled and response form was collected from different hospitals of Lahore. Body mass index (BMI) was used to determine the obesity. The current study demonstrated that the advanced age is itself a risk factor of MI, other factors like smoking, diabetes and obesity were also found to be statistically significant contributory elements. From the results of current study and past literature it is very much evident that above mentioned risk factors have significant role in sudden cardiac death by potentiating the MI. So, by avoiding or controlling these risk factors a deadly event myocardial infarction can be avoided.
POTENTIAL OF WATER HYACINTH (EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES L.) FOR PHYTOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS FROM WASTE WATER
Authors: Nazir MI , Idrees I , Idrees P , Ahmad S , Ali Q , Malik A
Published: September 2021

The present study was carried out to determine the potential for phytoremediation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) plant for Cadmium (Cd), Arsenic (Ar), and Mercury (Hg) absorption. The samples were collected from Dhamthal, Zafarwal and Narowal. The plant samples were cut into their parts and dried at room temperature for 25-30 days until they were fully dried. The change in fresh weight and dry weight was examined. The data of collected samples was recorded and statistically analyzed, which revealed the significance of results for different localities. The lower coefficient of variation was recorded for all studied traits which revealed that there was consistency among the results for different localities. For our study the plant's percentage removal of metals was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy in plant sample as well as water sample. Metal uptake happened at variable degrees. The water hyacinth uptake the largest metal uptake per dry weight of water hyacinth was 166.25ppm for cadmium and the smallest 0.032ppm was for mercury. In water sample highest amount of metal was 177.25ppm for cadmium and lowest 0.012ppm was for arsenic. It was found from our study that the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crasssipes) uptake cadmium (cd) metal from sewage water in highest amount as compare to arsenic and mercury. It was suggested that the use of water hyacinth plant may be helpful to remove heavy metals from waste water to minimize the heavy metal pollution of water.