bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TO THE PROBLEM OF RECOGNITION OF THE BURIALS OF CHORNOHORIVSKA GROUP
Authors: Оtroshchenko V. V.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the questions of formation and replenishment of the Chornohorivska group of monuments source base of the IX—VIII c. BC. The catalog of Cimmerian burials, created by S. V. Makhortykh (2005), was analyzed. Due to the discussion points of its configuration, it is proposed to improve this register. It is advisable to clear the catalog from the complexes of the Bilozerska culture of the of the Final Bronze Age and artifacts from the monuments of the settled population — the Cimmerian neighbors. Attention is paid to the still unrecognized complexes of the Chornohorivska group, defined earlier as the cultures of the Bronze Age. The approaches to the cultural identification of the non-inventory burials of this group of the Cimmerian population are marked. It was noticed that instead of the «fetal» position of the dead during the Late and Final Bronze, among nomads (Chornohorivska group population) in the early Iron Age the «horseman» buried position was recorded.
SINGLE-EDGED WEAPONRY OF SCYTHIAN ORIGIN IN TRANSYLVANIA AND GREAT HUNGARIAN PLAIN
Authors: Topal D. A.
Published: February 2020

In the Scythian time in the territory of the Middle Danube, Transylvanian and the Southern Carpathian regions, the original group of single-edged akinakai is distributed. By the time the Scythians penetrated Carpathian region, a part of the population of Basarabi culture (bearers of the Illyrian tradition of single-edged weaponry) moved to the north, to the South Carpathians and Transylvania. Perhaps it is the circumstance that can explain the appearance of single-edged akianakai with a T-shaped handle of the Nуgrád type in the foothills of the Southern Carpathians and the Apuseni Mountains in the south-west of Transylvania. The basis for the Nуgrád akinakai, apparently, was the akinakai of the Shumeyko type (or Piliny type according to A. Vulpe), which spread at the turn of the Early and Middle Scythian periods. This is indicated by the features of Nуgrád akinakai, characteristic of the Shumeyko type like a narrow elongated blade (often triangular), a massive kidney-shaped crosshair, a two-part handle and decoration with its transverse notches, a narrow elongated rhombic pommel. Like Shumeyko akinakai, the single-edged swords of the Nуgrád type appear at the turn of the 7th—6th centuries BC and exist until the end of the 6th century. At the same time, the bulk of the complexes with akinakai of the Nуgrád type belong to the second half or even the end of the 6th century BC.
SHELLS OF MOLLUSCS FROM MOTORONYN HILLFORT
Authors: Balashov I. O. , Mogylov O. D.
Published: February 2020

The shells of 3 land molluscs’ species are found in the historical layer of VI—V century B.C. from the Motronyn hillfort of the Scythian age (Chyhyryn district of Cherkasy region, Ukraine): Helix pomatia, Austrotachea vindobonensis and Fruticicola fruticum. All these species are known to still occur in this area. Since it was disputable whether the H. pomatia was recently introduced in the Dnipro area, an evidence of its presence for at least 2400 years in this region is notable. Nature of damage to the shell of H. pomatia indicates that it was probably used for food by humans.
RESEARCH OF THE EARLY SCYTHIAN KURGAN ІN KUPYN VILLAGE OF KHMELNITSKYI REGION
Authors: Hutsal V. A.
Published: February 2020

In 2018 the archaeological expedition of Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University investigated a group of four mounds of the Early Scythian time in v. Kupyn, Gorodok district of Khmelnitskyi region. All of them are seriously robbed at different times. The work was carried out on two mounds.

Mound 3 with a diameter of 15 m, height up to 1 m, damaged by predatory pits. There was built wooden tomb, which later burned. A powerful flame enveloped the whole space and burned the soil to a bright brick color. At one of the sites that were touched by the robbers, the remains of two graves were discovered at the level of the ancient surface. The burial site was filled with yellow clay over an area of 1.1 Ч 0.45 m. The first burial was the remains of a single body, which was in a crouched condition. When the wooden structures of the mound were burning, the skeleton also burned down. Preserved fragments of one leg, femur and tibia, knee joint, several fragments of pelvic bones. The second burial was located next to the first one, but a little south-east. Here, calcified bones were piled up 19 earthen vessels were broken at the buried. Among them are two bank pots, a large and a small claypots, two bowls with a curved edge, two other bowls have a crown bent outward. The whole series presents scoops with a low cup and a high handle with a performance. One of the scoops is made on a potter’s wheel. With tools found, made of iron ax, two ax-tesla, chisel.
NEW RESEARCH IN ZHABOTIN
Authors: Daragan M. N. , Pidobid V. A.
Published: February 2020

The focus of the work is the publication of the results of the excavations on the reference monument at the beginning of the early Iron Age of the Dnieper Right Bank Forest-Steppe — the settlement near the village of Zhabotin. The article includes the description of newly discovered objects (ditch, pits), analysis of stratigraphy and a detailed analysis of finds from closed archaeological complexes. For understanding the spatial structure of the settlement, a very important discovery was Site 23, a ditch that crossed the inhabited area of the plateau of the settlement from West to East.

The ditch passes, apparently, through the whole of the central part of the monument, dividing it into two parts. The ditch was built in the initial phase of the settlement. It should be noted that during the period of the ditch’s functioning, the separated parts of the settlement were inhabited in the area of the ditch.

The complexes were investigated both prior to it (pit 1) with materials from the Zhabotin 1 horizon (first half of the 8th BCE) and constructed after his backfill (pit 2, of the second half of the 7th BCE). It is noteworthy that in pit 2 a fragment of South Ionian bowl, most likely from Miletos, was found. It must be type Schlotzhauer 6 (subtype 6.2.B to 6.5), most likely to be dated between 660/50—630/20 BCE. At excavation Site 24, a pits from the 8th — first half of the 7th BCE and the second half of the 6th beginning of the 5th BCE was investigated. Studies of material complex from the ditch and different pits not only confirmed the periodization frame of the settlement to 8—7 century BC, but also allowed that it extended until the beginning of the 5th BCE. Based on the new materials, the chronological frames of Zhabotin and Motroninsky hillforts (located at the distance of 4.5 km), can be linked suggesting that they partially overlap each other.
ABOUT NEW FINDS OF THE HORSE HARNESS OF SCYTHIAN-SARMATIAN AGE FROM ZAKUBANYE
Authors: Dudarev S. L. , Berezhnaya V. A. , Kolkova S. P.
Published: February 2020

The article introduces into the scientific circulation the objects of the horse harness of the Scythian and Sarmatian time, found at different times by local residents and local historians of the village of Voznesenskaya, Labinsky district, Krasnodar region of the Russian Federation, and located in the local children’s library-museum. A notable feature of some of the published iron loopy bridle bits are the large sizes of their links (up to 30 cm). This probably indicates a dilution in the second half of the 1st millennium BC in Zakubanye of a large-breed horse breed, which was the forerunner of the famous Kabardian breed of these animals. Its origins, the eminent archeologist-кavkazologyst, E. I. Krupnov traced to the beginning of the early Iron Age. The subject of consideration of the authors of the article are also the features of the cross-shaped nozzles with spikes, which are available on a number of published looped rods, or on their individual links. Most of the presented «cross-shaped nozzles» on the bits (Fig. 1: 2, 4—5; 2: 2) may be ultimately described, following I. I. Marchenko, as a psalm in the form of a small cross with flattened sharp curved spikes. Functionally, «strict» cheek-pieces and nozzles performed the same role. As shown by E. I. Savchenko, they were located at the outer rings of the rods and when the reins were tensioned, they pressed on the toothless edges of the horse’s jaw. Three separate types of specimens can be distinguished from those who are separately from the angled duplicates: 1. bipods (Fig. 3: 4, 5); 2. rod short straight two types — a specimen tapering towards the ends (Fig. 3: 6) and a sample with cylindrical grooved processes extending from the holes (Fig. 3: 7); 3. S-visible with knobs on the ends (Fig. 3: 1—3).

The published bits and cheek-pieces belong to the types common in the Northern Black Sea Region and the Northern Caucasus dating back to the 5th—1st cc. BC. At the same time, most of them may have a narrower dating. For the bits with one broken off outer ring (Fig. 2: 1), the date should be marked — the end of IV—III c. BC. For bits in Fig. 2: 2, as well as links of samples like them depicted in Fig. 1: 2, 4, 5, one can accept the date of I. I. Marchenko — IV — first half of the 3rd century BC. Link fished with a hat may be attributed to the IV BC, as having a parallel in the Melitopol mound. Date of duplicated cheek-pieces with two lobes (Fig. 3: 4) — III — first half of I c. BC. Rod duplicated cheek-pieces (Fig. 3: 6, 7) may date to the 4th—3rd centuries BC, S-visible, most likely, the early period of this time period.

The items presented in the article characterize the occupation of the local Meotian population by horse breeding, which since Pre-Scythian time has been one of the most important economic branches of the autochthons of Zakubanye.
ON THE DISPOSITION OF HORSES IN KOZEL BARROW
Authors: Perevodchikova E. V. , Firsov K. B.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with the disposition of horses in Kozel barrow of the IV century BC situated in the left coast Lower Dnieper region. 11 horses were buried in three special tombs there. The horses were adorned with silver and bronze bridles, some had also saddles with golden plagues, and some had bronze breast (neck) dressings.

I. E. Zabelin, the author of excavation this barrow, had described the disposition of horses. We had analyzed the arrangement of horses on the basis of this description. We had seen some rhythm in the arrangement of the horses in silver and bronze dressings. The regularity observed was based on the colour difference of horse bridles. Comparing the results of our observations on the Kozel horses disposition with the disposition of horses in Chertomlyk barrow we had found some resemblance between them also basing on the colour difference of horse bridles.

A.Yu. Alexeev analyzing Chertomlyk horse tombs became to a conclusion this way of space organization of horse tombs is an evidence of royal status of the buried person. This conclusion may be applied for Kozel barrow also, but it is smaller and not so rich, and usually is interpreted as a burial of royal family member. But we should not forgot that nobody knows of the treasures contained this plundered barrow.
ANIMALISTIC ART OF KOBAN CULTURE AND SCYTHIAN-SIBERIAN ANIMAL STYLE
Authors: Vol’naya (Kerczeva) G. N.
Published: February 2020

The Koban animalistic art and the Scythian-Siberian animal style in many respects are based on culture of the Central European art of the pre-Scythian period, Middle East and Urartu art. In some cases, both directions use similar compositions (whirlwind forms and symmetric), the same animal images («the scraped predator», a winged predator, a deer, a ram, a goat, the head and a figure of the flying bird of prey, fish), and parts of animals (a boar canine teeth) who receive various art interpretation. In the Koban animal style there was an infiltration of images of the Scythian-Siberian animal style (figures of deer with the head turned back and the turned-in legs; animals with the turned-out back part of a trunk at an angle 180°; the predator which was curtailed in a ball), occurs registration of the Koban bronze trapezoid zone buckles Scythian motives). Also the return process of penetration of the Koban images into Scythian art is known (objects in the form of a bust of a bird of prey, «the scraped predator»). All this demonstrates difficult centuries-old interaction of two directions of animal art.
IMAGE OF A WILD BOAR IN THE SCYTHIANS ANIMAL STYLE OF THE NORTHERN PONTIC REGION. INTERNAL EVOLUTION AND EXTERNAL IMPACTS
Authors: Zymovets R. V.
Published: February 2020

The article deals with relatively rare but important for Scythians animal style repertoire image of a wild boar. The sources of iconography and style of the image are analyzed, as well as his inner evolution and external influences from Central Asia, Near East, Iran and Greece. Full figure image of a wild boar in the Northern Black Sea region in archaic period are very rare unlike Central Asia and Southern Seberia, where these images were quite popular. Nevertheless some typical Asian styled figures (in a «sudden stop» pose or standing «on a hoof tips») are represented in Kuban’ and Dniepr Forrest-Steppe regions. Obviously they connected to Central Asia tradition and may be an evidence of migration process from eastern region to the Northern Black Sea in VII—VI centuries BC. The article notes, that already in archaic period in Scythians burials being discovered artifacts with typical Greek and Middle East images of a wild boar as well as Celtic imports from Central Europe.

In classical period the situation is changing. A new wild boar image iconography appears: with bent legs. At the current stage of research it’s impossible to unambiguously determine a geographical source of such image: was it Central Asia or Near East. The images with new iconography performed mostly in gold and decorated most often the weapons (bow cases, sword sheaths), ritual and cult items (bowls, rhytons, headdress). At the same time the image of a separate wild boar head appears. It became more popular than full figures and gained wider distribution from the late VI — early V century BC. It being developed in two stylistic directions: laconic, connected with Sauromathian impact and realistic-decorative, as a result of further development of this image by Bosporus artisans.

The article also deals with semantics of the image. Many researchers associated the image of a wild boar with the embodiments of gods of war and victory — Indo-Iranian Veretragna and Scythians Ares. Author argues that a wild boar could be associated also with a chthonic destructive power and victory over him made the winning warrior a real hero, equal to his «cosmic» rival.

Two new artefacts with a wild boar images from the territory of Crimea peninsula are introduced into scientific circulation.
PROCESSION: ILLUSION AND REALITY IN IRRATIONAL SPACE (to the problem of iconography and composition in ancient art)
Authors: Korolkova E. F.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of classification of iconographic and compositional types in the monuments of ancient art, in particular, the so-called «processions», which are associated with the artistic design of the objects belonging to the sphere of great semantic meaning. Being located on objects of the category of personal adornments and weapons, on architectural monuments or ritual objects, they are always associated with sacred acts, mythological space and ritual content. Interpretation of these compositions is impossible without a primary classification, which has not yet been developed, and this causes difficulties in research.

Compositions, which could be concerned as processions could consist of anthropomorphic or zoomorphic images, or comprise both type of images in the same composition. All of them always show some rhythmical characteristics with constant intervals as well as evident direction of movement.

 In some occasions such type of compositions could be taken as an embodiment of the scene of a concrete ritual event, sometimes, perhaps, with costumed as mythological personage figures, but in other case they could be interpreted as a mythological subject with well-known images, which were recognizable for ancient society. In any case reiteration of images and regular intervals in compositions made an impression of slow movement in solemn procession, even with statical figures.
IMAGES OF AN EARED BIRD OR WHOSE EARS A GRIFFIN HAS?
Authors: Kuznetsova T. M.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the definition of the pre-image for the images of fantastic creatures, which are called in research, eared griffins. The reason for this was the finding in the horse grave number 1 of the barrow number 6 at the town of Dnieprorudny the figurine of a predatory ornithomorphic with ears decorated a bronze molded noseband. Such nosebands are present both in the steppe and in the forest-steppe Scythian monuments of the 4th century BC.

Researchers have determined that in searching for the origins of the image of the griffin, natural prototypes should be taken into account, finding similarities with the eagles and the vultures of the Old World. It is assumed that the presence of an ear in ornithomorphic images, which is absent in birds, reflects the result of comprehension of reality, and not its fixation. However, in nature there are birds, in the plumage of which there are long feather «ears». These birds are owls, among which eagle-owl and long-eared owls deserve special attention. The attitude of a human being to owls has always been special because of the mysterious nightlife, silent flight and eerie voice. Therefore, it is possible that the ear in the iconography of an ornithomorphic griffin as a result of fixing a real creature and further understanding its image in time and space.
GOLD APPLIQUES AFFIXED TO THE WOODEN BOWLS FROM THE PERESCHEPINE BURIAL GROUND NEAR BELSK
Authors: Makhortykh S. V.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of gold plaques on wooden vessels from the Pereshchepino cemetery near Belsk, which are among the brightest indicators of Scythian culture and mark the distribution of this category of funeral equipment in the Dnieper forest-steppe Left Bank in the middle — second half of the 5th century BC. Items considered are represented by several subject-stylistic groups, among which there are plaques decorated with geometric patterns (a double row of convex points), and plaques with various zoomorphic motifs (recumbent stag, head of a bird of prey). The images differ in local specificity and have an original interpretation of individual details. First of all, it concerns the motif of recumbent stag, which demonstrate iconographic dynamics and with the involvement of materials from neighboring territories indicate the formation in the «late» V — first decades of the 4th centuries BC a «forest-steppe» type of images of this animal. Objects of animal style from forest-steppe areas of Ukraine are an important component of the Scythian art of Eastern Europe and must be taken into account when analyzing the genesis of this phenomenon.
DEPOSITS OF BRONZE SMALL TWIGS IN MIDDLE ROS BASIN
Authors: Romanuik V. V.
Published: February 2020

In the article the noticeable role of bronzocasting production is considered on the settler monuments of scythian time in the Tarashchanskiy district of the Kyiv area.

Among the numerous testimonies of bronze casting production and trade in metals the two most interesting items are bronze treasures, recently discovered in the villages of Lisovichi and Dibrovka in Kyiv region. Each contained about 300 bars with a length of 40.5 and 22 cm (Lisovichi), 41 cm (Dibrovka), total weight about 30 kg. We can assume a different purpose of bronze bars: blanks for specific products, raw materials for smelting, the equivalent of money. Spectral analysis of the products showed that they are made of high-quality tin bronze with a high admixture of iron (2.58 %, Lisovichi). Titanium content (4.39 %, Lisovichi) remains unclear (is it a natural impurity in raw materials?) According to the place of discovery (on settlements), treasures of bars can be dated to Scythian time (the end of 6th—5th century BC?), although more late dates are not excluded.
The Relationship between Serum Phosphorous Level and Arteriovenous Fistula Dysfunction in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Choi Yu Bum , Kim Jung Hyun , Lee Mi Jung , Choi Seungyoon , Kim Hyung Jong
Published: February 2020

Background/Aims: Maintaining vascular access (VA) is very important in the management of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Therefore, the identification of risk factors for decreased vascular access flow has clinical relevance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of serum phosphorus (P) on autologous arteriovenous fistula flow in HD patients.Methods: Sixty-two maintenance HD patients who visited the dialysis unit of CHA Bundang Medical Center between November 2016 and December 2017 were included in the study. Serum P levels were obtained every month, and time-averaged serum P was calculated. All patients had left arm arteriovenous fistulas (AVF; side-to-side anastomosis). AVF flow was assessed by Transonic HD 03. Decreased AVF flow was defined as < 600 mL/min.Results: Decreased AVF flow was observed in 14 of 62 patients. In univariate analysis and multivariable analysis, higher serum P had a significant independent association with decreased AVF flow. Advanced age, reduced ejection fraction, low blood flow rate in dialysis, and higher serum calcium were not associated with AVF flow.Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that higher serum P was an independent risk factor for decreased autologous AVF flow in maintenance HD patients. Serial monitoring of serum P may be helpful in stratifying patients by risk of AVF dysfunction, and proper management of serum P levels may be helpful in maintaining flow through autologous AVFs.
Risk factors for stomach cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Poorolajal Jalal , Moradi Leila , Mohammadi Younes , Cheraghi Zahra , Gohari-Ensaf Fatemeh
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVES: This report provides information on 14 behavioral and nutritional factors that can be addressed in stomach cancer prevention programs.METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched through December 2018. Reference lists were also screened. Observational studies addressing the associations between stomach cancer and behavioral factors were analyzed. Between-study heterogeneity was investigated using the χ2, τ2, and I2 statistics. The likelihood of publication bias was explored using the Begg and Egger tests and trim-and-fill analysis. Effect sizes were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model.RESULTS: Of 52,916 identified studies, 232 (including 33,831,063 participants) were eligible. The OR (95% CI) of factors associated with stomach cancer were as follows: Helicobacter pylori infection, 2.56 (95% CI, 2.18 to 3.00); current smoking, 1.61 (95% CI, 1.49 to 1.75); former smoking 1.43 (95% CI, 1.29 to 1.59); current drinking, 1.19 (95% CI, 1.10 to 1.29); former drinking, 1.73 (95% CI, 1.17 to 2.56); overweight/obesity, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.74 to 1.08); sufficient physical activity, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.02); consumption of fruits ≥3 times/wk, 0.48 (95% CI, 0.37 to 0.63); consumption of vegetables ≥3 times/wk, 0.62 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.79); eating pickled vegetables, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.09 to 1.51); drinking black tea, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.84 to 1.20); drinking green tea, 0.88 (95% CI, 0.80 to 0.97); drinking coffee, 0.99 (95% CI, 0.88 to 1.11); eating fish ≥1 time/wk 0.79 (95% CI, 0.61 to 1.03); eating red meat ≥4 times/wk 1.31 (95% CI, 0.87 to 1.96), and high salt intake 3.78 (95% CI, 1.74 to 5.44) and 1.34 (95% CI, 0.88 to 2.03), based on two different studies.CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provided a clear picture of the behavioral and nutritional factors associated with the development of stomach cancer. These results may be utilized for ranking and prioritizing preventable risk factors to implement effective prevention programs.
مراجعة منظور: البروميد، طرق التعرض والآثار البيئية
Authors: سوسن عبد العزيز رحيم الدين سوسن عبد العزيز رحيم الدين
Published: February 2020

في الوقت الحاضر، يتم التعرض الي العديد من المخاطر الصحية دون وعي بطرق مختلفه واحدي هذه المخاطر هي: التعرض للبروميد. ويكون ذلك بطريقه مباشرة كتناول العديد من أشكال البروميد في الغذاء والماء والدواء. وهناك طرق أخرى غير مباشرة للاتصال بهذا العنصر وهي حمامات السباحة والمنتجات الالكترونية ومواد مقاومة الحريق والأصباغ والمطهرات. وقد يتعرض الافراد للبروم يوميا من خلال وظائفهم مثل من يعملون في الموانئ ومحلات القماش والمزارعين أو حتى في المجال العسكري. إن التعرض للبروم في الأشكال العضوية وغير العضوية لا يؤثر فقط على صحة الإنسان ولكن له أيضا آثارمضره علي البيئة. وسيتم تسليط الضوء على بعض طرق التعرض وكيفية تأثيره على صحة الإنسان من خلال دورة المياه والغذاء.
Copper-nickel oxide nanofilm modified electrode for non-enzymatic determination of glucose
Authors: Hasanzadeh Mahsa , Hasanzadeh Zahra , Alizadeh Sakineh , Sayadi Mehran , Nasiri Nezhad Mojtaba , Sabzi Reza Emamali , Ahmadi Sajjad
Published: February 2020

CuxO-NiO nanocomposite film for the non-enzymatic determination of glucose was prepared by the novel modifying method. At first, anodized Cu electrode was kept in a mixture solution of CuSO4, NiSO4 and H2SO4 for 15 minutes. Then, a cathodization process with a step potential of -6 V in a mixture solution of CuSO4 and NiSO4 was initiated, generating formation of porous Cu-Ni film on the bare Cu electrode by electrodeposition assisted by the release of hydrogen bubbles acting as soft templates. Optimized conditions were determined by the experimental design software for electrodeposition process. Afterward, Cu-Ni modified electrode was scanned by cyclic voltammetry (CV) method in NaOH solution to convert Cu and Ni nanoparticles to the nano-scaled CuxO-NiO film. The electrocatalytic behavior of the novel CuxO-NiO film toward glucose oxidation was studied by CV and chronoamperometry (CHA) techniques. The calibration curve of glucose was found linear in a wide range of 0.04–5.76 mM, with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 7.3 µM (S/N = 3) and high sensitivity (1.38 mA mM-1 cm-2). The sensor showed high selectivity against some usual interfering species and high stability (loss of only 6.3 % of its performance over one month). The prepared CuxO-NiO nanofilm based sensor was successfully applied for monitoring glucose in human blood serum and urine samples.
Stambene karijere u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Rodik Petra , Matković Teo , Pandžić Josip
Published: February 2020

Visok udio kućevlasništva malo govori o tome na koje načine pojedinci i kućanstva u Hrvatskoj rješavaju svoje stambeno pitanje, a krossekcijski podatci o strukturi stambenih statusa, stambenim politikama te predtranzicijskim istraživanjima stambene opskrbe daju nedostatne odgovore na to pitanje. Oslanjajući se na koncepte stambenog statusa, stambene tranzicije i stambene karijere te na periodizaciju dominantnih sustava stambene opskrbe od 1975. do 2015., u radu adresiramo sljedeća pitanja: prvo, koji su dominantni oblici stambenih tranzicija u Hrvatskoj, drugo, kako su stambene karijere povezane s ishodišnim statusima te treće, koji su dominantni obrasci stambenih karijera u Hrvatskoj. Navedena pitanja potom dovodimo u odnos s obilježjima stambene opskrbe u pojedinim razdobljima te ih, naposljetku, razmatramo iz perspektive međukohortnih razlika. Rad se temelji na analizi retrospektivnih anketnih podataka o stambenim karijerama koristeći metode povijesti događaja (eng. event history) i analize sekvence. Anketiranje je provedeno na nacionalno reprezentativnom uzorku (N=1000) u sklopu IPSOS Pulsovog Omnibus istraživanja u studenome 2016. godine. Analiza je usredotočena na identifikaciju obrazaca stanovanja u Hrvatskoj te na prikaz stambenih karijera pojedinaca u razdoblju socijalizma i postsocijalizma (1975. – 2015.). Kroz cijelo promatrano razdoblje dominira obiteljski tip stambene samoopskrbe, slijede stambene tranzicije s osloncem na tržišnu opskrbu, čiji je broj u porastu, a perzistentno su najmanje zastupljeni, i do razdoblja krize gotovo iščeznuli, socijalizirani modaliteti tranzicija. Stambene tranzicije iz roditeljskog doma počinju kasno, a trajanje jednom otpočetih stambenih statusa, napose onih vlasničkih, vrlo je dugotrajno. Stambene karijere relativno su jednostavne te u većini slučajeva vode vlasništvu kuće ili stana, često kroz ostanak u roditeljskoj nekretnini.
Gender Socioeconomic Inequalities in Intimate Relationships
Authors: Klasnić Ksenija
Published: February 2020

Inspired by the materialist feminist theoretical approach, this study starts from an underlying assumption that research of gender socioeconomic inequalities in intimate relationships requires the analysis of specific variables that constitute the socioeconomic status of intimate partners. Based on five indicators relevant for contemporary
Croatian society, the GSEI index was constructed and applied to a representative sample of Croatian women in intimate relationships. The results showed significant gender socioeconomic inequalities between intimate partners, mostly in favour of men. The highest level of inequality between intimate partners was discovered with regard to real-estate ownership, whereas the highest level of equality between partners was found in their level of education. Although socioeconomic inequalities between intimate partners in favour of men prevail regardless of the geographic and social context, they are more pronounced in regions with more traditional values, among couples who live in rural areas, and among those who are married (in comparison with
those who live in domestic partnership). A recommendation for further research and GSEI index application is to consider which are the relevant indicators for measuring gender socioeconomic inequalities in intimate relationships depending on the wider social context.
Nacionalizam i globalizam u kvalitativnom posredovanju
Authors: Vukićević Slobodan
Published: February 2020

Predmet ovog rada je simetrija i asimetrija nacionalizma i globalizma kao kvalitativan društveni odnos determinisan logosnim valentnostima (značaj, značenje i smisao) njihovih strukturnih segmenata. Cilj je otkrivanje simetrijskih i asimetrijskih mreža nacionalizma i globalizma koje prate njihove pozitivne i negativne dimenzije. Nacionalizam je, u osnovi, refleksija nacije i kao takav, sadrži sve bitne protivrečnosti nastajanja i razvoja nacije, njene povijesne i metafizičke kategorijalnosti. Nacionalizam kao cjelovit društveni fenomen, genetički strukturiran, može se sociološki identifikovati i objasniti, jedino kao simetrija njegovih pozitivnih i negativnih komponenti. Ne postoji “čista” nacija u idealno-tipskoj formi, koja reflektuje samo pozitivni nacionalizam, ali ni nacija koja reflektuje samo negativni nacionalizam. Redukovanje nacionalizma samo na njegovu negativnu stranu onemogućava otkrivanje njegove pozitivne strane. Refleksija nacionalizma nužno se odvija u državi, u kojoj pravo građanstva znači zadobijanje novog, višeg nivoa slobode, a to je jedina logika nacije. Nacija, država i građanin su tako, neodvojivi subjekti određene demokratske zajednice. Globalizam nije samorefleksija globalnog, već refleksija identitetskih simetrija pojedinih društava-država, koja obuhvata svestranu razmjenu njihovih fundamentalnih ljudskih vrijednosti i interesa. Centralno pitanje je na kojim kvalitativnim sadržajima se održava vladajuća simetrija globalizma i njena veza sa (ne)promjenjivošću suštine načina proizvodnje društvenog života. Odgovor na ovo pitanje nije moguć, bez identifikovanja simetrijskih mreža nacionalizma i globalizma, i njihovog kvalitativnog posredovanja, u kojem posebno značajnu ulogu ima država. Ovdje je sadržan originalan teorijsko-metodološki pristup u sociološkom razumijevanju simetrične refleksivnosti nacionalizma i globalizma u savremenom društvu. Teorijsko-empirijsko i sociološko imaginativno otkrivanje karaktera simetrije i asimetrije nacionalizma i globalizma, jedino može voditi naučno objektivnom i istovremeno društveno angažovanom znanju.
Dijital Hastalıkların Tespitinde Etik Bir Model Önerisi
Authors: ASLAN Alaattin , KÜÇÜKVARDAR Mert
Published: February 2020

Dijitalleşme ile birlikte toplumsal olguların tümünde yaşanan değişimleri gözlemleyebileceğimiz bir alan da hastalıklardır. Dijitalleşmenin olumsuz etkilerinden sayabileceğimiz insanoğlunun ruh ve vücut bütünlüğünde ortaya çıkan hastalıklar ile mücadele etmek bu hastalıkların tanınması ve teşhis edilmesi ile mümkün olacaktır. Dijital hastalıkların ortaya çıkmasında dijital ortamların olumsuz katkısı ile birlikte yine bu ortamların sağlayacağı veriler tedavi için ne yapılması gerektiğini önümüze sererek bir yol haritası oluşturulmasına olanak sağlayacaktır. Peki, bu hastalıklar hakkında veri toplama ve hastaların kendi durumlarının farkında olmalarını sağlayacak bir yöntem bulunabilir mi? Bu yöntem insanların özel yaşamı ve veri toplayanlar açısından mesleki olarak etik midir? Bu makale dijital hastalıkların teşhisi için etik bir model önerisinde bulunmaktadır.
Instagram Hikayelerinde Benliğin Sunumu: Influencer’lar Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Paslanmaz İlknur , Narmanlıoğlu Haldun
Published: February 2020

Instagram, Facebook ve Snapchat gibi sosyal medya uygulamalarının günlük yaşamın bir rutini haline gelmesiyle birlikte benlik sunumları ve hikâye anlatımları da bu ortamlara uyum sağlayarak dijitalleşmiştir. Snapchat ile başlayan ve daha sonrasında diğer sosyal medya uygulamalarının da kendi bünyesine eklediği hikâye özelliğini kullanan bireyler, günlük yaşamlarından kesitleri video, bumerang veya fotoğraf olarak paylaşabilmekte ve üzerine yazı, GIF, hashtag, konum, vb. araçlar ekleyebilmektedir. Kullanıcının aynı zamanda üreticiye dönüştüğü bu ortamlarda bireyler kendi hikayelerini yaratarak benlik sunumlarını yapabilmektedir. Araştırmada Influencer’ların Instagram’da 24 saatlik zaman dilimi sonunda uçucu olan hikayelerindeki benlik sunum yöntemlerine odaklanılmıştır. Araştırmada niteliksel içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Barthes’in, anlatı çözümlemesi yöntemi üzerine inşa edilen kategoriler ve Instagram’ın hikâye paylaşım araçlarıyla şekillenen alt kategorilerle kartopu yöntemiyle seçilen 14 Influencer’ın belirli bir zaman aralığındaki uçucu hikâyeleri analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın esas odağı, Instagram hikâyelerinin özelliklerini, kullanıcıların bu özellikleri kullanarak içeriklerini nasıl oluşturdukları ve hikâyelerini nasıl anlattıklarını anlamak ve uçucu hikâyelerde benliğin sunumunda en çok başvurulan öğelerin ve yöntemlerin tespit edilmesi olmuştur. “Uçucu hikâyelerde Influencer’lar kendilerini nasıl ifade etmekte ve benliklerini nasıl sunmaktadır?” biçimindeki ana soru ve etrafında şekillenen alt sorular ise araştırma bölümünde sorulmuş ve cevaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre Influencer’lar hikayelerinde benliklerini yüksek oranla fotoğraf ve videoların üzerine ekledikleri yazılarla sunmuş ve hikayelerinin neredeyse yarısında güncellemelerini takipçileriyle paylaşmıştır. Instagram gibi interaktif bir ortamda Influencer’lar hikâyelerinde takipçileriyle tam anlamıyla bir etkileşim kurmamış ve hikayelerin çoğunda kendilerini göstermeyi tercih etmiştir.
Tüketim Kültürü Perspektifinde İhtiyacın Değişen Anlamı: Marka 2.0’ın İhtiyacın Yeniden Anlamlandırılmasındaki Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: DEMİREL Çağatay , ASLAN Emre Ş.
Published: February 2020

İnsanoğlu var olduğu günden bu yana sonsuzdan gelip sonsuza giden bir evrende; düşünen, anlam üreten ve çevresinde karşılaştığı hemen her şeyi anlamlandırabilen bir yapı içerisinde varlığını devam ettirmektedir. Anlamlandırmak suretiyle dilin anlam üretme gücüyle beraber bireyler, karşılaştığı her yeni durum karşısında anlamlandırma sürecini tekrar ve tekrar inşa etmektedir. Sosyo-kültürel, ekonomik ve teknolojik zeminlerde meydana gelen büyük çaplı değişiklikler önceki anlam/anlamlandırma biçimlerini ortadan kaldırırken yeni sürece uyum sağlanabilmesi için yeni anlam/anlamlandırma biçimleri oluşturmaktadır.
Bu bağlamda son yıllarda meydana gelen teknolojik değişimler, iletişim teknolojileri başta olmak üzere hemen her şeyi dijital bir döngü içerisinde ele alıp şekillendirmiş ve geleneksel anlamlandırma kalıplarının yeni baştan yaratılmasına ilişkin zorunluluğu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Tamamıyla iletişimsel bir olgu olan markalar, bu değişimlerin etkisiyle yeni anlamlandırma kalıplarının zeminini aramaya başlamışlardır. Varlıkları satın alınmaya veya tüketilmeye borçlu olan markalar, yoğun rekabet ortamında ayakta kalabilmek için ihtiyaçlara ilişkin yapıyı yeniden biçimlendirip bu yeni yapının da tüketicilerin zihinlerinde yeniden anlamlandırılmasını sağlamaktadırlar.
Bu çalışma, tüketim olgusunun cazibe merkezinde yer alan markaların, web teknolojilerinin bir yansıması sonucu marka 2.0’ın etkisiyle beraber ihtiyaçların yeniden anlamlandırılmasında nasıl bir değişimin yaşandığına odaklanmaktadır. Tüketiciler üzerinde gerçekleştirilecek olan bu çalışmada anket (survey) tekniğinden yararlanılarak ihtiyaçların yeninden anlamlandırılmasında etkili olan faktörlerin neler olduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Association between Hemoglobin A1c and Stroke Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Shen Yun , Shi Lizheng , Nauman Elizabeth , Katzmarzyk Peter , Price-Haywood Eboni , Bazzano Alessandra , Nigam Somesh , Hu Gang
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose The association between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and stroke risk along with its subtypes is rarely reported. We aimed to investigate the association between HbA1c and the risk of incident stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes based on real world data from three healthcare systems.Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 27,113 African Americans and 40,431 whites with type 2 diabetes. Demographic, anthropometric, laboratory, and medication information were abstracted from the National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network common data model. Incident stroke events including both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke were defined.Results During a mean follow-up period of 3.79±1.68 years, 7,735 patients developed stroke (6,862 ischemic and 873 hemorrhagic). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios across levels of HbA1c at baseline (<6.0%, 6.0% to 6.9% [reference group], 7.0% to 7.9%, 8.0% to 8.9%, 9.0% to 9.9%, and ≥10%) were 1.07, 1.00, 1.13, 1.23, 1.27, and 1.37 (Ptrend <0.001) for total stroke, 1.02, 1.00, 1.13, 1.20, 1.24, and 1.35 (Ptrend <0.001) for ischemic stroke, and 1.40, 1.00, 1.14, 1.47, 1.47, and 1.51 (Ptrend=0.002) for hemorrhagic stroke. When we used an updated mean value of HbA1c, the U-shaped association of HbA1c with stroke risk did not change. This U-shaped association was consistent among patients of different subgroups. The U-shaped association was more pronounced among patients taking antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, and antihypertensive medications compared with those without these medications.Conclusions These data suggest that diabetes management may have to be individualized according to the guideline recommendations rather than intensively attempting to lower HbA1c.
Association of Low Blood Pressure with White Matter Hyperintensities in Elderly Individuals with Controlled Hypertension
Authors: Kim Jun Sung , Lee Subin , Suh Seung Wan , Bae Jong Bin , Han Ji Hyun , Byun Seonjeong , Han Ji Won , Kim Jae Hyoung , Kim Ki Woong
Published: February 2020

Background and Purpose Both hypertension and hypotension increase cerebral white matter hyperintensities. However, the effects of hypotension in individuals with treated hypertension are unknown. We analyzed the association of low blood pressure with the location and amount of white matter hyperintensities between elderly individuals with controlled hypertension and those without hypertension.Methods We enrolled 505 community-dwelling, cognitively normal elderly individuals from the participants of the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia. We measured blood pressure three times in a sitting position using a mercury sphygmomanometer and defined low systolic and diastolic blood pressure as ≤110 and ≤60 mm Hg, respectively. We segmented and quantified the periventricular and deep white matter hyperintensities from 3.0 Tesla fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance images.Results Low systolic blood pressure was independently associated with larger volume of periventricular white matter hyperintensity (P=0.049). The interaction between low systolic blood pressure and hypertension was observed on the volume of periventricular white matter hyperintensity (P=0.005). Low systolic blood pressure was associated with the volume of periventricular white matter hyperintensity in individuals with controlled hypertension (F1,248=6.750, P=0.010), but not in those without hypertension (P=0.380). Low diastolic blood pressure was not associated with the volumes of white matter hyperintensities regardless of presence of controlled hypertension.Conclusions Low systolic blood pressure seems to be associated with larger volume of periventricular white matter hyperintensity in the individuals with a historyof hypertension but not in those without hypertension.
Rewiring the Lesioned Brain: Electrical Stimulation for Post-Stroke Motor Restoration
Authors: Bao Shi-chun , Khan Ahsan , Song Rong , Kai-yu Tong Raymond
Published: February 2020

Electrical stimulation has been extensively applied in post-stroke motor restoration, but its treatment mechanisms are not fully understood. Stimulation of neuromotor control system at multiple levels manipulates the corresponding neuronal circuits and results in neuroplasticity changes of stroke survivors. This rewires the lesioned brain and advances functional improvement. This review addresses the therapeutic mechanisms of different stimulation modalities, such as noninvasive brain stimulation, peripheral electrical stimulation, and other emerging techniques. The existing applications, the latest progress, and future directions are discussed. The use of electrical stimulation to facilitate post-stroke motor recovery presents great opportunities in terms of targeted intervention and easy applicability. Further technical improvements and clinical studies are required to reveal the neuromodulatory mechanisms and to enhance rehabilitation therapy efficiency in stroke survivors and people with other movement disorders.
Emergência de Physalis Angulata L. em resposta à temperaturas e períodos de imersão em água
Authors: Pereira Wendel Valter da Silveira , Silva Deivison Rodrigues da , Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Rodrigues Flavio Henrique Santos , Pacheco Mauro Junior Borges , Silva Wallasi Washington Silva da , Almeida Gabriela Vilhena de , Cardoso Arley Thoncy Almeida
Published: February 2020

Physalis angulata L. é um arbusto anual que pertence à família Solanaceae com grande ação medicinal. Essa cultura da flora Amazônica é fonte de vitaminas A e C, além de ser rica também em fósforo, ferro, carotenoides e flavonoides. O trabalho teve como objetivo foi avaliar a emergência de plântulas de P. angulata em função da temperatura e do período de imersão em água. O experimento foi conduzido em esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo: temperaturas de imersão em água de 40ºC, 60ºC e 80ºC e períodos de imersão de 5 e 10 minutos. O tratamento controle foi a imersão das sementes em água, em temperatura ambiente, durante 24 h. As variáveis de resposta foram: emergência percentual, índice de velocidade de emergência, tempo médio de emergência e velocidade média de emergência. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparados pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Todas as variáveis foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos, com melhor resposta para o controle, com percentual de emergência igual a 74%, e pior para a imersão em água a 80ºC durante 10 minutos que apresentou 0,4% de emergência. A imersão das sementes de P. angulata em água, sob temperatura ambiente durante 24 h é recomendável na emergência de plântulas, sendo também destacadas a imersão em água a 40ºC por 10 minutos e a 60ºC por cinco minutos.
Análise da eficiência das indústrias de açúcar e álcool com a análise envoltória de dados
Authors: Balbino Valdir Antonio , Souza Celso Correia de , Frainer Daniel Massen
Published: February 2020

Este artigo teve como objetivo determinar a eficiência produtiva das indústrias sucroalcooleiras situadas no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) e verificar quais indústrias eficientes podem ser referências às ineficientes. Utilizou-se de metodologia quantitativa com dados secundários, obtidos de organismos oficiais, tais como: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e União da Indústria de Cana-de-Açúcar (UNICA), com uso da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA – sigla em inglês de Data Envelopment Analysis) ferramenta não paramétrica que avalia a eficiência técnica relativa de unidades produtivas. Os anos analisados foram 2000, 2005, 2010 e 2015, com um insumo (cana-de-açúcar) e dois produtos (açúcar e etanol). Esses períodos foram escolhidos seguindo preceitos do IBGE, com fins de determinar se as empresas se encontram em comparação a períodos passados e, também, em razão de apurar as (in) eficiências no decorrer dos períodos nas Unidades Tomadoras de Decisão (DMU, da sigla em inglês Decision Making Units). O modelo DEA-CCR com orientação de entrada foi escolhido para obter a classificação das indústrias de cana-de-açúcar. Os resultados mostraram que as empresas instaladas apresentaram de média a alta eficiência no uso de cana-de-açúcar. As conclusões apontaram que a eficiência média caiu entre os períodos analisados, no entanto, nenhuma das unidades apresentou baixa eficiência, nem mesmo aquelas que estavam paralisando as atividades.
MAJORITY MUSLIMS AND FATWA SESAT OF MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (MUI): CASE STUDY OF MAJELIS TAKLIM HDH (HIDUP DI BALIK HIDUP)
Authors: Apipudin Apipudin
Published: February 2020

Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) is the institution who plays important role in contributing scholar’s (ulama) outlook of problems which occur in Indonesia. Since it is established in 1975, MUI exist as the the extension of state to control religious life in society. The establishment of MUI cannot be separated from political dynamic of New Order under the leadership of President Suharto in controlling political Islam. After the decline of Suharto in 1998, MUI cannot fully be independent yet in mediating religious conflict in Indonesia. This paper explains the role of MUI in mediating religious conflict of Majelis Taklim HDH (Hidup di balik Hidup) in Kabupaten Cirebon. Author argues that MUI has issued fatwa sesat of Majelis Taklim Hidup di balik Hidup. In issuing the fatwa sesat, MUI tended to be influenced by society pressure from Nahdliyin people (NU) because they are the majority in Kabupaten Cirebon.