bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cenário do Surgimento e o Impacto do Teorema da Incompletude de Gödel na Matemática
Authors: Batistela Rosemeire De Fatima , Viggiani Bicudo Maria Aparecida , Lazari Henrique
Published: March 2018

Este artigo trata do panorama das discussões matemáticas mantidas entre os matemáticos à época em que Gödel apresentou à comunidade matemática seu teorema da incompletude. Argumenta-se que o Teorema da Incompletude de Gödel (TIG) é um teorema mais para a alma do que para as mãos dos matemáticos. Afirma-se ser ele importante porque mostra que a Matemática não pode comunicar (provar) todas as suas verdades. Porém, as provas de que a aritmética básica dos naturais é incompleta e incompletável e da impossibilidade de demonstrar a sua não contradição não impossibilita que a Matemática continue sendo produzida. A linha de argumentação exposta segue apresentando: o cenário matemático vigente no momento da publicação do TIG; o ponto de incidência deste resultado na Matemática, o impacto deste teorema nesta ciência, bem como, como ele foi compreendido e acolhido pelos matemáticos.Palavras-chave: Teorema da Incompletude de Gödel (TIG). Problema da Compatibilidade da Aritmética. Programa de Hilbert. Método Axiomático.AbstractThis article deals with the panorama of the mathematical discussions held among mathematicians at the time when Gödel introduced his incompleteness theorem to the mathematical community. It is argued that Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem (TIG) is a more theorem for the soul than for the hands of mathematicians. It is said to be important because it shows that Mathematics can’t communicate (prove) all its truths. However, evidence that the basic arithmetic of the natural is incomplete and incomplete and that it is impossible to demonstrate its non-contradiction does not preclude mathematics from being produced. The line of argument exposed continues presenting: the mathematical scenario in force at the time of the publication of the TIG; The point of incidence of this result in Mathematics, the impact of this theorem on this science, as well as how it was understood and welcomed by mathematicians.Keywords: Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorem. Hilbert’s Second Problem. Hibert’s Program. Axiomatic Method.
Historical Footsteps of Teaching Practice and Current Internship Issues in Teacher Training
Authors: Barra Valdeniza Maria Lopes da
Published: March 2018

Abstract: it is a historical exercise that selects the documentary and bibliographical studies to think the formation of teachers for the initial years of schooling from the practice of teaching/internship. It is organized in three historical moments. The first occurs in the nineteenth century when normal schools arise, and these were annexed to the so-called model schools, a space where the practical training of primary teachers would be given. Already, the second, is delimited by the years 1930 and 1940, period in which Pedagogy becomes a course of higher education and the colleges of application arise as a space for practical training of degrees. The third is at the end in the 1960s, through Resolution No. 9/69, which established that teaching practice should be conducted as a supervised internship in the community schools themselves. Once this historical itinerary has been fulfilled, the text highlights some of the concerns derived from the act of thinking and performing the internship in schools and the engenderings involved.

Pegadas históricas da prática de ensino e questões atuais do estágio na formação de professores

Resumo: trata-se de um exercício histórico que elege os estudos documental e bibliográfico para pensar a formação de professores para os anos iniciais da escolarização a partir da prática de ensino/estágio. Organiza-se em três momentos históricos. O primeiro se dá no século XIX quando surgem as escolas normais, sendo que a estas eram anexadas às denominadas escolas modelo, espaço onde se daria a formação prática de professores primários. Já, o segundo, é delimitado pelos anos 1930 e 1940, período em que a Pedagogia se torna curso do ensino superior e os colégios de aplicação surgem como espaço de formação prática das licenciaturas. O terceiro se dá no final nos anos 1960, por meio da Resolução Nº 9/69, que estabelecia que a prática de ensino deveria ser realizada na forma de estágio supervisionado nas próprias escolas da comunidade. Cumprido o referido itinerário histórico, o texto destaca algumas inquietações derivadas do ato de pensar e realizar o estágio nas escolas e os engendramentos aí implicados.
Internship in Fundamental Teaching of Young and Adults: reflections on Acess and Permanence
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Emilia De Castro , Farias Maria do Rosário Teles de , Jesus Janaína Cristina de
Published: March 2018

Abstract: this present article discourse about the internship developed with students of the Pedagogy course of the College of Education of the Federal University of Goias (FE/UFG), in the Education Youths and Adults in Education institutions of the Municipal General office of Education of Goiania. It presents reflections on the specificity of this teaching modality, and of as the stage it can contribute to the educators' initial and continuous formation, providing the action-reflection-action on the daily demands that are put by the school context and choosing the dialogue as one of the ways for the development of a process teaching-learning significant.

Estágio no ensino fundamental de Jovens e Adultos: reflexões sobre acesso e permanência

Resumo: o presente artigo discorre sobre o trabalho de estágio desenvolvido com discentes do curso de Pedagogia da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade Federal de Goiás (FE/UFG), na Educação de Jovens e Adultos em instituições educacionais da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Goiânia (SME). Apresenta reflexões sobre a especificidade desta modalidade de ensino, e de como o estágio pode contribuir para a formação inicial e continuada dos educadores, proporcionando a ação-reflexão-ação sobre as demandas diárias que são postas pelo contexto escolar e elegendo o diálogo como um dos caminhos para o desenvolvimento de um processo ensino-aprendizagem significativo.
Distance Education and Teacher Formation: by a Possible Didactics
Authors: Lima Daniela Da Costa Britto Pereira , Ramos Emanoela Celestino Almeida , Desiderio Mônica
Published: March 2018

Abstract: this article aims to present the results of the research carried out with the objective of analyzing distance education (DE) and the need for a new didactic in virtual learning environments. In bibliographical and documentary research, the focus was on theorists as Peters (2001), Feenberg (2004), Toschi (2005a, 2005b, 2013), among others, and on the legislation governing this modality of teaching. The text concludes with considerations about didactics in DE and the importance of teacher mediation in virtual learning environments and that in teacher formation digital technologies are understood as a mediated action in a didactic perspective that surpasses the instrumental model.

Educação a distância e formação do professor: por uma didática possível

Resumo: este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar resultados da pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de analisar a educação a distância (EaD) e a necessidade de uma nova didática nos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA). Na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, o foco recaiu sobre teóricos como Peters (2001), Feenberg (2004), Toschi (2005a, 2005b, 2013), entre outros, e sobre a legislação que rege essa modalidade de ensino. Conclui-se o texto com considerações acerca da didática na EaD e da importância da mediação docente nos AVA e de que na formação de professores as tecnologias digitais sejam compreendidas como uma ação mediatizada numa perspectiva didática que supera o modelo instrumental.
Presentación = Foreword
Authors: Sauca José María
Published: March 2018

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César Rendueles (ed.) (2017), Antonio Gramsci: Escritos (Antología)
Authors: Cueva Fernández Ricardo
Published: March 2018

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CÔA E SERIDÓ, DOIS RIOS NA PRÉ-HISTÓRIA
Authors: Cisneiros Daniela
Published: March 2018

Este livro é uma idéia original que liga Portugal ao Brasil de uma maneira nova e que tem um alcance que ultrapassa o seu conteúdo. Forma parte de uma série de publicações realizadas sob o lema Movimento Recife Porto na Arte, criado em 1992 e caracterizado como um espaço de articulação entre artistas e pesquisadores brasileiros e portugueses procedentes de várias universidades e centros culturais de Portugal e Brasil no intuito de constituir uma rede de relações  culturais de amplo espectro. Nesse âmbito, já foram publicados vários livros de conteudo diverso, embora no denominador comúm da cultura luso-brasileira sob a coordenação de Maria Betânia Borges Barros.
RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES DO ESTUDO TECNOLÓGICO DA CULTURA MATERIAL LÍTICA DO SÍTIO ARQUEOLÓGICO CASTRAÇÃO, RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Soares André Luis Ramos , Souza Luana Da Silva de
Published: March 2018

O tema deste artigo é referente ao estudo da cultura material lítica de grupos de caçadores-coletores que habitaram o sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, e assim temos como finalidade apresentar os dados da análise inicial realizada na coleção lítica do Sítio Arqueológico Castração, localizados na região de Uruguaiana, sudoeste do RS, sendo que este sítio é associado à indústria catalanense. A análise do material lítico foi realizada com o objetivo de identificar e compreender as cadeias operatórias, dando ênfase assim para uma perspectiva tecnológica e gestual, e proporcionando desta forma uma maior e melhor intelecção dos processos de lascamento. PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL CULTURE MATERIAL LYTIC SITE ARCHAEOLOGICAL CASTRAÇÃO, RIO GRANDE DO SUL ABSTRACTThe theme of this article is related to the study of the lithic material culture of groups of hunter-gatherers who lived in the southwest of Rio Grande do Sul, and so we present the data of the initial analysis carried out in the lithic collection of the Castração Archaeological Site located in Region of Uruguaiana, southwest of RS, and this site is associated with the Catalan industry. The analysis of the lithic material was performed with the objective of identifying and understanding the operative chains, thus emphasizing a technological and gestural perspective, and thus providing a greater and better understanding of the chipping processes.Keywords: Lytic Technology; Archaeology; Site Castração; Uruguaiana
The increase of process stability in removing ammonia nitrogen from wastewater
Authors: Benáková Andrea , Johanidesová Iva , Kelbich Petr , Pospíšil Vojtěch , Wanner Jiří
Published: March 2018

This work focuses on the removal of ammonia nitrogen pollution from wastewaters in a two-stage laboratory model based on a combination of the nitritation and anammox processes with the biomass immobilized in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. Owing to the immobilization approach inside the PVA pellets, the bacterial activity remained nearly unchanged on an abrupt change in the environmental conditions. The nitritation kinetics were significantly dependent on the dissolved oxygen concentration. The critical dissolved oxygen concentration at which the nitritation process using the immobilized bacterial culture stops is 0.6 mg/L. The volumetric rate of nitrogen removal by the anammox bacteria was 158 mg/(L·d). The technology presented is well-suited for removing high ammonia nitrogen concentrations (≥300 mg/L).
Thermal-aware Output Polarity Selection Based on And-Inverter Graph Manipulation
Authors: Das Apangshu , Pradhan Sambhu Nath
Published: March 2018

Background:

Output polarity of the sub-function is generally considered to reduce the area
and power of a circuit at the two-level realization. Along with area and power, the power-density is also
one of the significant parameter which needs to be consider, because power-density directly converges
to circuit temperature. More than 50% of the modern day integrated circuits are damaged due to
excessive overheating.

Methods:

This work demonstrates the impact of efficient power density based logic synthesis (in the
form of suitable polarity selection of sub-function of Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs) for its multilevel
realization) for the reduction of temperature. Two-level PLA optimization using output polarity
selection is considered first and compared with other existing techniques and then And-Invert Graphs
(AIG) based multi-level realization has been considered to overcome the redundant solution generated
in two-level synthesis. AIG nodes and associated power dissipation can be reduced by rewriting,
refactoring and balancing technique. Reduction of nodes leads to the reduction of the area but on the
contrary increases power and power density of the circuit. A meta-heuristic search approach i.e., Nondominated
Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is proposed to select the suitable output polarity of
PLA sub-functions for its optimal realization.

Results:

Best power density based solution saves up to 8.29% power density compared to ‘espresso –
dopo’ based solutions. Around 9.57% saving in area and 9.67% saving in power (switching activity) are
obtained with respect to ‘espresso’ based solution using NSGA-II.

Conclusion:

Suitable output polarity realized circuit is converted into multi-level AIG structure and
synthesized to overcome the redundant solution at the two-level circuit. It is observed that with the
increase in power density, the temperature of a particular circuit is also increases.
Enhancement of photoconductivity by carrier screening effect in n-GaSb/n-InAs/p-GaSb heterostructure with single deep quantum well
Authors: Danilov L.V. , Mikhailova M.P. , Levin R.V. , Konovalov G.G. , Ivanov E.V. , Andreev I.A. , Pushnyi B.V. , Zegrya G.G.
Published: March 2018

Abstractn -GaSb/ n -InAs/ p -GaSb heterostructure with a single InAs QW was grown for the first time by MOVPE. Photocurrent spectra were obtained at reverse bias in the range from 0 to 0.8 V. It was shown that the photocurrent increases nonlinearly. The maximum of differential photoconductivity is archived at low applied voltage up to 0.2 V. This effect was explained by electrostatic screening of electrons localized in QW.
Density control of InP/GaInP quantum dots grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy
Authors: Lebedev D.V. , Kalyuzhnyy N.A. , Mintairov S.A. , Belyaev K.G. , Rakhlin M.V. , Toropov A.A. , Brunkov P. , Vlasov A.S. , Merz J. , Rouvimov S. , Oktyabrsky S. , Yakimov M. , Mukhin, I.V. , Shelaev, A.V. , Bykov, V.A. , Romanova, A.Yu. , Buryak, P.A. , Mintairov, A.M.
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe investigated structural and emission properties of self-organized InP/GaInP quantum dots (QD) grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition using an amount of deposited In from 7 to 2 monolayers (ML). In the uncapped samples, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we observed lateral sizes of 100–200 nm, together with a bimodal height distribution having maxima at ∼5 and ∼15 nm, which we denoted as QDs of type A and B, respectively; and reduction of the density of the type-B dots from 4.4 to 1.6 μm^–2. The reduction of the density of B-type dots were observed also using transmission electron microscopy of the capped samples. Using single dot low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy we demonstrated effects of Wigner localization for the electrons accumulated in these dots.
Is the edge states energy spectrum of a 2D topological insulator linear?
Authors: Entin M.V. , Mahmoodian M.M. , Magarill L.I.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe linearity of the edge states spectrum in a 2D topological insulator, important for various transport phenomena, is studied. Different edge state models are examined. It is found that, in some of them, the linearity is perfect, while, in others, the linearity is approximate.
Смена знака магнитоемкости в парамагнитной области в катион-замещенном селениде марганца
Authors: Аплеснин С.С. , Ситников М.Н. , Живулько А.М.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe capacity and the dielectric loss tangent of a Gd_ x Mn_1– x Se ( x ≤ 0.2) solid solution have been measured in the frequency range 1–300 kHz without a magnetic field and in a magnetic field of 8 kOe in the temperature range 100–450 K, and the magnetic moment of the solid solution has been measured in a field of 8.6 kOe. The magnetocapacity effect and the change in the magnetocapacity sign have been observed in room temperature in the paramagnetic region. A correlation of the changes in the dielectric permittivity and the magnetic susceptibility with temperature has been revealed. The magnetocapacity is described using the model with orbital electron ordering and the Maxwell–Wagner model.
Кристаллофизическая модель ионного переноса в нелинейно-оптических кристаллах KTiOPO-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Сорокин Н.И. , Шалдин Ю.В.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe ionic conductivity along the principal axes a, b, and c of the unit cell of the nonlinear-optical high-resistance KTiOPO_4 single crystals (rhombic syngony, space group Pna 2_1), which are as-grown and after thermal annealing in vacuum, has been investigated by the method of impedance spectroscopy. The crystals were grown from a solution-melt by the Czochralski method. The as-grown KTiOPO_4 crystals possess a quasi-one-dimensional conductivity along the crystallographic c axis, which is caused by the migration of K^+ cations: σ_║ c = 1.0 × 10^–5 S/cm at 573 K. Wherein the characteristics of the anisotropy of ionic conductivity of the crystals is equal to σ_║ c /σ_║ a = 3 and σ_║ c /σ_║ b = 24. The thermal annealing at 1000 K for 10 h in vacuum increases the magnitude of σ_║ c of KTiOPO_4 by a factor of 28 and leads to an increase in the ratio σ_║ c /σ_║ b = 2.1 × 10^3 at 573 K. A crystal-physical model of ionic transport in KTiOPO_4 crystals has been proposed.
Кристаллофизическая модель электропереноса в суперионном проводнике Pb-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Sc-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-F-=SUB=-2+x-=/SUB=- (x=0.1)
Authors: Сорокин Н.И.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe frequency (ν = 10^–1–107 Hz) dependences of electrical conductivity σ(ν) of single crystals of superionic conductor Pb_0.9Sc_0.1F_2.1 (10 mol % ScF_3) with fluorite type structure (CaF_2) in the temperature range 153–410 K have been investigated. The static bulk conductivity σ_ dc =1.5 × 10^–4 S/cm and average hopping frequency ν_ h = 1.5 × 10^7 Hz of charge carriers (mobile ions F^−) at room temperature (293 K) have been defined from the σ_ dc (ν) experimental curves. Enthalpies of thermoactivated processes of ionic conductivity σ_ dc ( T ) (Δ H _σ = 0.393 ± 0.005 eV) and dielectric relaxation ν_ h ( T ) (Δ H _h = 0.37 ± 0.03 eV) coincide within their errors. A crystal-physical model of fluorine-ion transport in a Pb_0.9Sc_0.1F_2.1 crystal lattice has been proposed. The characteristic parameters of charge carriers have been calculated: concentration n _mob = 2.0 × 10^21 cm^−3, the distance of the hopping d ≈ 0.5 nm and mobility μ_mob = 4.5 × 10^−7 cm^2/s V (293 K).
Ориентационный порядок в жидкокристаллических комплексах на основе лантаноидов
Authors: Добрун Л.А. , Ковшик А.П. , Рюмцев Е.И. , Калинкин А.А.
Published: March 2018

AbstractIn this study, we have for the first time determined the degree of an orientational order S for a series of liquid-crystal complexes based on lanthanides (Eu^+3, Gd^+3, Tb^+3, Dy^+3) with the same ligand composition in the temperature range of existence of the nematic phase by using experimental refractometry results. We have also found an even-odd alternative S as number of protons in the ions complexing agent has consecutively increased. The obtained values of S have been compared with the corresponding degrees of order of the calamite organic liquid crystals.
Упрочнение поверхности композиционного материала методом центробежного литья
Authors: Эйдельман Е.Д. , Дурнев М.А.
Published: March 2018

AbstractThe effect of rotation flow emerging under centrifugal casting on the first-order phase transition, i.e., crystallization, has been studied using the example of producing a gradient composite material of AK12 aluminum alloy in a mixture with basalt fibers. It has been shown that a material with a hardened surface can be created. Distribution of admixtures in the main material when there is macroscopic motion has been found.
Выявление пространственного и квантового ограничения Si-наночастиц, нанесенных методом лазерного электродиспергирования на кристаллический Si
Authors: Соболев М.М. , Кен О.С. , Сресели О.М. , Явсин Д.А. , Гуревич С.А.
Published: March 2018

AbstractC – V characteristics and DLTS spectra of heterostructures made up of layers of closely packed amorphous Si nanoparticles deposited by laser electrodispersion onto single-crystal p -Si substrates have been examined. The patterns observed in the behavior of the C – V characteristics and DLTS spectra measured in the dark and under illumination with white light at various bias pulse voltages U _ b and filling pulse voltages U _ f suggest that the spatially localized amorphous Si nanoparticles have an average size of less than 2 nm, which is comparable with the de Broglie electron wavelength, and are characterized by quantum confinement. The ground and excited states of quantum dots are formed and exhibit the Stark effect and effects of electricdipole and controllable metastable occupancy under illumination.
Новое ограничение разрешения по глубине при послойном элементном анализе методом времяпролетной вторично-ионной масс-спектрометрии: влияние зондирующего ионного пучка
Authors: Дроздов М.Н. , Дроздов Ю.Н. , Новиков А.В. , Юнин П.А. , Юрасов Д.В.
Published: March 2018

AbstractNew data concerning the influence of a probing beam of bismuth ions on the depth resolution in elemental depth profiling by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) have been obtained on a TOF.SIMS-5 system using the principle of two separate ion beams. It is established that the existing criterion of nondestructive character of the probing beam, on which this principle is based, is insufficient. Additional processes must be taken into account so as to formulate a more adequate criterion. A regime of depth profiling is proposed that allows the depth resolution to be improved at low energies of sputtering ions.
Возможность измерения флуктуаций радиальной скорости плазмы в токамаке с помощью диагностики усиленного микроволнового рассеяния
Authors: Гурченко А.Д. , Гусаков Е.З.
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe propose implementing the diagnostics of long-wavelength fluctuations of the radial velocity of tokamak plasma, which is based on Döppler-enhanced microwave scattering by short-wavelength fluctuations entrained by large-scale turbulent flow in the equatorial plane of a tokamak.
Синтез двухслойного металлокерамического материала на основе тугоплавких соединений и титана для условий высокоскоростного соударния
Authors: Буркин В.В. , Табаченко А.Н. , Афанасьева С.А. , Ищенко А.Н. , Саммель А.Ю. , Скосырский А.Б. , Чупашев А.В.
Published: March 2018

AbstractWe consider the possibility of obtaining composites with increased mechanical strength resistant to high-velocity impact by means of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of metal–ceramic materials with graded composition–in particular, of layered type. A two-layer combined metal–ceramic material has been developed comprising NiTi-bonded titanium diboride (TiB_2) layer on a metallic titanium substrate layer. The impact resistance of this composite is advantageous to that of a homogeneous titanium plate, which is manifested by the absence of a spall crater upon the impact of a spherical steel projectile and by stronger deformation and prefracture cracking of the projectile.
Самоиндуцированная прозрачность в монослое черного фосфора
Authors: Адамашвили Г.Т.
Published: March 2018

AbstractA theory of the optical soliton of self-induced transparency (SIT) in a black phosphorus monolayer (phosphorene) has been developed. Explicit analytical expressions describing the surface soliton in phosphorene and other anisotropic two-dimensional materials are obtained. It is shown that the anisotropic phosphorene conductivity leads to exponential damping of the amplitude of the soliton of the surface wave, which strongly depends on the direction of pulse propagation. The maximum damping of the SIT soliton amplitude takes place in the “armchair” direction of phosphorene.
Symptom Prioritization among Adults Receiving In-Center Hemodialysis
Authors: Flythe Jennifer E. , Hilliard Tandrea , Castillo Graciela , Ikeler Kourtney , Orazi Jazmine , Abdel-Rahman Emaad , Pai Amy Barton , Rivara Matthew B. , St. Peter Wendy L. , Weisbord Steven D. , Wilkie Caroline , Mehrotra Rajnish
Published: March 2018

Background and objectives

Individuals receiving in-center hemodialysis experience a high symptom burden that detrimentally affects their quality of life. There are few evidence-based interventions for symptom relief in this population. To stimulate innovation in symptom management, data on patient symptom prioritization and treatment preferences are needed. We undertook this study to (1) identify patient-prioritized symptoms for the development of symptom relief therapies and (2) elicit preferences for treatments among individuals receiving hemodialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

We conducted a mixed methods study that included focus groups in Carrboro, North Carolina; Tucson, Arizona; and Seattle, Washington and a nationally distributed online survey. Focus group transcripts were analyzed for patterns, and the highest priority symptoms were determined on the basis of frequency and report severity. We used focus group findings to inform survey items. Focus group and survey results were crossvalidated and synthesized for final symptom prioritization.

Results

There were 32 participants across three focus groups and 87 survey respondents from 27 states in the United States. The physical symptoms of insomnia, fatigue, muscle cramping, and nausea/vomiting and the mood symptoms of anxiety and depressed mood were reported by participants in all focus groups. Among survey respondents, fatigue (94%), cramping (79%), and body aches (76%) were the most common physical symptoms, and feeling depressed (66%), worried (64%), and frustrated (63%) were the most common mood symptoms. The top-prioritized symptoms were consistent across focus group and survey participants and included the physical symptoms insomnia, fatigue, and cramping and the mood symptoms anxiety, depression, and frustration. Participants indicated that symptom frequency, duration, unpredictability, and social and financial effects factored most heavily into symptom prioritization.

Conclusions

Patients prioritized the physical symptoms of insomnia, fatigue, and cramping and the mood symptoms of anxiety, depression, and frustration as the top symptoms for which to find new therapies.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2018_03_20_CJASNPodcast_18_5_F.mp3
Individual Instruction as Catalyst in the Transformation of Teaching
Authors: Shaham Hait
Published: March 2018

This research examines the connection between classroom learning environment and individual instruction methods in the context of the reform known as “New Horizon”. Within this framework of individual instruction, teachers are given opportunities to experiment with various innovative teaching methods and in the process, motivate students and strengthen the personal relationship. Communication and a positive relationship between teachers and the students in the group may contribute to the improvement of the learning environment in the classroom as a whole.

The quantitative research was conducted within the framework of a correlative study among 60 teachers (98.3% women and 1.7% men); all of them provide individual instruction to students in first through sixth grade in three elementary schools located in Haifa and other areas in the north. The sample included home room teachers (53.3%), subject teachers (36.7%) and grade coordinators (1.7%). The age of the participating teachers ranged from twenty seven to fifty two years old. Their tenure in teaching, between two and thirty two years; they took part in the New Horizon reform program for one to eight years.
The teachers were asked to complete questionnaires; one measured the teaching methods of the individual instruction sessions, the second examined nurturing the best learning environment in this setting.
Can Aid Improve People Health in Sub-Saharan African Countries?
Authors: Kébré W. Jean Marie
Published: March 2018

This paper analyzes the effects of aid on health of people in Sub-Saharan African Countries. Used as health indicators for infant mortality rate, crude mortality rate and HIV/AIDS prevalence rate, this analysis uses panel data for a sample of 43 countries over the period of 1990 to 2014. Through assessing the effect of aid on reducing mortality and HIV prevalence, the article examines a central issue with regard to the new global development agenda: Can we still promote health through increased aid? The results tend to show that aid significantly reduces crude mortality and infant mortality rates and HIV/AIDS prevalence rate. They do not validate the presence of decreasing marginal returns. However, the impact of aid on health indicators is not linear. This non-linearity suggests that aid is more effective in reducing mortality and HIV prevalence in relatively poorest countries and in those with relatively lower health expenditure. Thus, health promotion in sub-Saharan African countries through increased aid is possible.
The Role of Knowledge in Forming Attitudes and Behavior Toward Green Purchase
Authors: Ok Park Jong , Sohn Sang-Hee
Published: March 2018

We explored the factors affecting green purchase behavior among South Korean consumers, with a special focus on the role of knowledge. A structural equations model was tested with 533 respondents and the results indicated that knowledge was a powerful factor to facilitate Korean consumers'
green purchase behavior and that the roles of objective and subjective knowledge were different in shaping green purchase behavior. Subjective knowledge had a direct effect on green purchase behavior and also an indirect effect via green attitude and perceived consumer effectiveness, whereas
objective knowledge had only an indirect effect on green purchasing via green attitude and perceived consumer effectiveness. The results indicate that knowledge is a powerful factor in facilitating green purchase behavior, and that ongoing education and publicity should be designed to increase
subjective knowledge as well as objective knowledge to be effective for promoting consumers' green attitude and behavior.
O Cristianismo moderno de Dom Paulo Arns
Authors: Villas Boas Alex , Marchini Welder Lancieri
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo visa apresentar como a atuação pastoral de Dom Paulo Arns na Arquidiocese de São Paulo (1970-1988) estava em sintonia com a mudança de concepção missiológica à partir do Concílio Vaticano II, que não se reduz a uma modernização do catolicismo, mas é fruto de uma hermenêutica de volta as fontes na qual se identifica a capacidade do Evangelho em ser moderno. Para tanto se pretende uma breve explanação da categoria Reino de Deus e as mudanças que sofreu em momentos fundamentais da história. Ao mesmo tempo em que ao ser resgatada como categoria central da evangelização pós-conciliar, o Reino de Deus é também uma chave de leitura fundamental para compreensão da teologia prática do arcebispo da esperança da cidade São Paulo. O modo como a evangelização ligada a ideia de tornar presente o Reino de Deus pode se verificar em alguns de seus principais projetos pastorais, que aqui se pretende apresentar.
توجيهات في فهم علم اللغة
Authors: Hendri Muspika
Published: March 2018

علم اللغة. هو دراسة اللغة على نحو علمي. وتدرس اللغة في إطار علم اللغة في المجالات الآتية : الأصوات, بناء الكلمة, بناء الجملة, المفردات ودلالتها.  وبعد أن نفهم تعربف علم اللغة جيدا. واضح لنا عن العناصر الموجودة في علم اللغة. إذان كائن الدراسة في علم اللغة هي اللغة نفسها. ولعلم اللغة لها التسميات المختلفة فيما يلي : أولا فقه اللغة بمعنى علم اللغة المقارن, أو بمنعنى دراسة الألفاظ العربية. ثانيا علم اللغة بمعنى علم اللغة العام. ثالثا علم اللسان. رابعا اللغاويات محاكة للكلمة الإنجلزية. فاللغة : إنما هي المعنى التي تصاغ في قوالب من الألفاظ, وليست الألفاظ التى تصب فيها المعنى, فالأصل هو المعنى واللفظ إنما هو كشف للمعنى وإبراز, وهذا ينطبق عليه قو الشاعر العربي : إن الكلام لفي الفؤاد وإنما جعل اللسان على الفؤاد دليلا. العناصر التي تتكون منها اللغة.    اللغة عناصر أربعة تتألف منها, ويرجع تحليل اللغة إليها وهي :  1. الأصوات : ويقصد بها الحروف التي تتكون منها الألفاظ أي الكلمات من حيث مخارجها, وصفتها, وقوانين تبدلها وتطورها, ومبث هذا العنصر : علم الأصوات والتحديد. 2. الألفاظ : ويقصد بها الكلمات التي تتألف منها الجمل من حيث : إشتقاقها, وشكلها, ومعانيها, ومبحث هذا العنصر : علم الصرف, والمعاجم, وعلوم اللغة, و الإملاء, والخط. 3. الجمل : ويقصد بها الجمل التي تتألف منها التراكب, وهي أيضا الجمل المفيدة اسمية كانت أم فعلية, من حيث : بناءها, وقواعد إعرابها, وتركيبها, وأنوعها, ومبحث هذا العنصر : علم النحو, والبلاغة. 4. التراكيب : ويقصد بها العبارات التي تتضمن جملتين فأثر, كما يقصد بها تراكيب اللغة, ونظم الكلام, من حيث : تراكيب أجزاء الكلام, وطريقة ربط الكلام والأدوات الرابطة, ووظائف الكلمة في التركيب, وأحوا إعرابها, ونوعية الكلام (أدبي أو علمي) وطول الكلام وقصره وتعليل ذلك كله, وصلته بنفسية المتكلم وعقلية السامع, وتطور التراكيب خلال العصور وأسيايه. ومبحث ذلك : علم النحو, والبلاغة, والأدب. النظرية السلوكيةBehavioral Theory  والنظرية المعرفية العقلانية. وقد إرتبطت النظرية السلوكية بالنظرية البنيوية في إتجاه واحد يمكن أن نطلق عليه : الإتجاه السلوكي البنيوي. كما إرتبطت النظرية المعرفية بالنظرية التوليدية التحويلية في إتجاه. واحد يمكن أن نطلق عليه : الإتجاه المعرفي الفطري, وفيما يلي تعريف بهذين الإتجاهين وعلاقة كل منهما اللغات الأجنبية. الإتجاه السلوكي البنيوي, الإتجاه السلوكي البنوي واكتساب اللغات الأجنبية, الإتجاه العرفي في الفطري
KOMPARASI MODEL INKUIRI TERBIMBING MENGGUNAKAN EKSPERIMEN LABORATORIUM RIIL DAN VIRTUAL TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS SISWA
Authors: Lliana asri Astri , Yenti Elvi
Published: March 2018

This[u1]  research was an experiment aiming at knowing the difference between the effect of Guided Inquiry model using Real and Virtual Laboratory Experiment on student science processes skill on Buffer material at State Senior High School Plus Riau Province in the Academic Year of 2016/2017. Samples of this research were the elevent grade student class MS 1 as the first experimental group amount 25 students taught by using Guided Inquiry model usig Real Laboratory Experiment and class MS 4 as the second experimental group amount 25 students taught by using Guided Inquiry Model using Virtual Laboratory Experiment. Simple random sampling was used in this research. Documentation and observation were the techniques of collecting the data. The preliminary and final data were analyzed by using Independent sample t-test. Based on the result the data processed, it was obtained  that tobserved was 2.432 and ttabel ­was 1.671 revealing that tobserved was was higher than ttabel. Thus Ho was rejected. This research finding revealed that the use of Guided Inquiry model using Real and Virtual Laboratory Experiment on Buffer material. Kp formula was used to measure the effect of using Guided Inquiry model, and the coefficient effect was 10.96%.Keywords: Guided Inquiry Model, Real Laboratory, Virtual Laboratory, Science Processes Skill, Buffer
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN QUICK ON THE DRAW TERHADAP AKTIVITAS DAN HASIL BELAJAR KIMIA SISWA PADA MATERI HIDROKARBON
Authors: Nova renja Antika , Miterianifa Miterianifa
Published: March 2018

AbstractThis research was a Quasi-experiment with pretest and posttest design instigated by student activity and learning achievement that were still on low category.  It aimed at knowing the effect of using Quick on the Draw learning model toward student activity and chemistry learning achievement.  The subjects of this research were the tenth grade students of classes 5 (control group) and 6 (experimental group) selected through Simple random sampling technique.  Learning activity data were obtained through observation sheet of student learning activity, and learning achievement data were obtained learning achievement test (posttest).  Then, learning activity data were analyzed by using Descriptive statistical and inferential (nonparametric) analysis techniques.  The data of learning achievement were analyzed by using t test at 5% level.  The research findings revealed that (1) there was an effect of using Quick on the Draw learning model toward student learning activity that Zobserved 4.87 was higher than Ztable 1.96, it meant that Ha was accepted; (2) there was an effect of using Quick on the Draw learning model toward student learning achievement that tobserved 2.63 was higher than ttable 2.00, it meant that Ha was accepted.  It showed that Quick on the Draw learning model positively affected student activity and chemistry learning achievement on Hydrocarbon lesson at the tenth grade of State Senior High School 1 Tambang.Keywords: Quick On The Draw Learning Model, Learning Activity, Learning Achievement, Hydrocarbon.
MEDIA MASSA DAN KONSTRUKSI GAYA HIDUP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Andriani Tuti
Published: March 2018

There are three reasons why woman represents the interesting market target. First, woman is a directly consumer, second, woman represents a super persuader in her family, third, woman is the future consumer (a potential consumer candidate). Expense by exploiting the free time and conservancy of body (always remain to be beautiful) representing the cultural characteristic of consumer always will be there and pumped by mass media to audience continuously. In this case, television has constructed a life style which finally influence woman. The effect of the life style which created by television to the woman is the woman behavior tends oward the consumptive life style and assumes that the appearance is its without thinking of the real situation. This article discusses how does the mass media construct the social reality of human being especially woman.
DISKRIMINASI GENDER DI MEDIA TELEVISI
Authors: Nursalim Nursalim
Published: March 2018

This article studies how woman presented to society on television. In relation to masculine and feminine, television always descripts woman as a domestic person which depend on the power of men. Vice versa, a man is a public person who does not depent on the power of woman. Also the senetron theme presents the relation of masculine and feminine where man always comes up as a person who has capability to protects the woman which considered as the person who does not has capability. Therefore, the changes to the various televison programms has to be done absolutely by various side which bother about the existence of gender justice in the public area.
KONSEPSI HUKUM ISLAM TENTANG AL-RADHA’AH (MENYUSUI ANAK)
Authors: Syu’aib Kholil
Published: March 2018

A mother, when she nursed her son, she is not only to nurse her son with breast milk but she nursed her son with compassion, pity and refinement of a mother, the child will grow in character like pity and loving kindness. Otherwise, the children who do not get the love from their mothers, they grow into children with the soul complications, which forms in their soul urges evil cruelty and revenge. The experts of pedagogy and education among developed nations have been aware of this so that the empress emperors, nursed their own children and they are not willing to hand over their children to nurses.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI IUD DAN SUNTIK TERHADAP SIKLUS HAID PEREMPUAN DI KECAMATAN MARPOYAN DAMAI PEKANBARU
Authors: Ratna Ikhwani , Irdayanti Irdayanti
Published: March 2018

This study aims to determine the difference of the menstrual cycle between the user of IUD contraception and the inject contraception and to know the side effects of these two devices towards the women in Marpoyan Damai the District, Pekanbaru. The population of this study is all the new users of IUD and inject contraception in Merpoyan Damai disctrikck, Pekanbaru, from January to March 2012, 69 women are using IUD and 564 women using injection. This study is non-experimental descriptive analytic cross sectional approach and Slovin technique is used for taking the sample. Data is analyzed using by statistical techniques to an independent t-test. The results suggest P is 0.006 with significantly less than 0.05, it means that there is a significant differences between menstrual cycles of women who used the IUD contraception and who usess injection contraception.
PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN IBU DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TENAYAN RAYA PEKANBARU
Authors: Puswati Desti
Published: March 2018

Breast feeding as a natural food is the best food that can be provided by a new mother to child birth. In addition to compositions suitable for infant growth and development which changes with baby's needs at any time. It also contains protective substances that can prevent infants from various infectious diseases. Breastfeeding also has a tremendous emotional effect which affects the inner relationship of mother and child and mental development of the child. This study aims to determine the relationship exclusive breast feeding with lower maternal weight in the working area of the health center Tenayan Raya, Pekanbaru.This type of research is quantitative research with correlation analysis research design. Accidental sampling technique is used. The collection of data using primary data and questionnaires measuring devices. Based on this research, the majority of respondents who gave exclusive breast milk that is 63 people (76%) and respondents who experienced weight loss of 59 people (71%), with x2 square test count (13) > x2 table (3.84). There is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding with lower maternal weight.
MENOPAUSE DAN PENGARUHNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN PERKAWINAN
Authors: Nurlaili Nurlaili
Published: March 2018

Menopause occurs exactly at the end of the last menstrual cycle, but the new certainty is obtained if a woman has not experienced the cycle for at least 12 months. When the levels of estrogen and progesterone decline, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland trying to correct it and this leads to disruption of the normal operation of other body systems, including metabolism, brain chemistry, and bone conditions. The resulting changes include changes in the physical and psychological conditions are very individual (there are experienced and some not). Common physical changes experienced by menopausal women include: skin wrinkles or loosened, urinary incontinence (urinary control disorders), heart palpitations during activity, body temperature increases abruptly, headache, and easy to forget. While the changes in psychological conditions often lead to feelings of depression, and quick to anger. In addition it is the threat of osteoporosis (bone loss), which makes easy fractures impaired calcium absorption and poses a risk of cardiovascular disorders that contribute to raise the risk of heart disease and stroke.
KETIDAKSETARAAN GENDER BIDANG PENDIDIKAN: FAKTOR PENYEBAB, DAMPAK, DAN SOLUSI
Authors: Natasha Harum
Published: March 2018

It is undeniable that gender inequality still occurs especially in the developing world. This inequity occurs in various fields of human life, among others in the fields of education, social, and economic. Gender inequality that occursmainly in the field of education is influenced by various factors: cultural factors, patriarchy, sociology and psychology. The imbalance also affects the life of the nation and the state. To that end, this study discusses the factors that cause the occurrence of gender inequality and the impact that would occur if gender inequalities allowed to drag and solutions that are expected to be applied so that gender inequality can be reduced or even eliminated.
ANALISIS NILAI DAN PENGETAHUAN IBU-IBU RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI PREDIKTOR INTENSI BELI PRODUK SAYURAN ORGANIK DI PASAR MODERN KOTA PEKANBARU
Authors: Penti Suryani Elfi Rahmadani dan
Published: March 2018

This study was conducted at three sites of the modern market, in District Tampan and Payung Sekaki. The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics and socio-economic conditions of the mother-housewife who buy organic vegetable products in the modern market Pekanbaru, and seek and reduce exploratory factor that can explain the influence of purchasing intentions housewife to organic vegetables. This study tested simultaneously and partially of predictor variables were examined to the intention to buy organic vegetable products in accordance with the design of the model. Descriptive quantitative research method is using factor analysis and path analysis. The study was conducted by a survey and interviews with respondents using questionnaires. Sampling was done by the method of accidental sampling a number of 103 respondents each of 3 modern market. The results showed all hypothesis is accepted. The main factors that influence the cost of the purchase of vegetables, the age of the buyer, the number of family members buyers, and home ownership, then the second factor of the level of education and the third factor the amount of consumption of vegetables. Knowledge of organic crops have a positive and significant impact on the attitude of the organic vegetables. Variable value of the natural orientation and attitude to the intention to buy organic vegetables have validity and reliability of the positive value. Organic Knowledge also has a positive and significant impact on the attitude of organic vegetables. Attitudes on organic vegetables also have a positive and significant impact on the purchasing intentions of organic vegetables
MISOGYNIST DI DALAM HADIS (TELAAH HADIS SUNAN TIRMIDZI DAN IBNU MAJAH, PEREMPUAN SUMBER FITNAH PALING BERBAHAYA)
Authors: Rufika Sari Nurdin
Published: March 2018

Today fighter for women’s rights increasingly critical in addressing every thing related to women. As has been known that the more criticism addressed to the traditions of the Prophet, the Prophet is accused of marginalizing the position of women in the presence of men, the Prophet accused of traditions that hatred of women (misogynist). One tradition that really should be dissected is the source of slander women narrated by Imam Nasa’iy and Ibn Majah. Speculation has grown in interpreting these traditions. As if women become mastermind in every error and problems on this earth. Based on this study proved the hadith Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah valid with narrators tsiqah and mutual acceptance and giving history and sanad and can be used as evidence. The purpose of this tradition is the spouse of women for men can be a test or trial for a man, when can be ignored on other obligations