bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Forgotten French Physicist: Georges Matisse (1874–1961)
Authors:   Institución Milá i Fontanals, Wulff Enrique
Published: December 2024

The work of Georges Matisse (1874–1961), a French physicist, philosopher, epistemologist, and translator, has been largely overlooked, particularly his contributions to the history of science in the first half of the 20th century. His work focused on the emerging field of cybernetics and provided a philosophical perspective on new physics. His books delved into the philosophical underpinnings of scientific doctrines, viewing them as systems of reference and modes of representation rather than expressions of absolute truths. Although he could not personally attend the Copenhagen Congress for the Unity of Science in 1936, his talk was presented, offering a unique case study on uncertainty and determinism. Matisse employed an expanded notion of causality to study concrete facts in human societies, arguing against a universal law of history. His final book was dedicated to Bachelard. This paper offers initial insights into Matisse’s sociology program, discusses his methodological approaches within logical empiricism, and outlines his perspective on the purpose of nature. The study concludes that Matisse’s interdisciplinary approach, which included a theory on the relationship between religion and science, was based on his robust understanding of biophysics and scientific history.
Deuce: Dual-diversity Enhancement and Uncertainty-awareness for Cold-start Active Learning
Authors: Guo Jiaxin , Philip Chen C. L. , Li Shuzhen , Zhang Tong
Published: December 2024

Cold-start active learning (CSAL) selects valuable instances from an unlabeled dataset for manual annotation. It provides high-quality data at a low annotation cost for label-scarce text classification. However, existing CSAL methods overlook weak classes and hard representative examples, resulting in biased learning. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel dual-diversity enhancing and uncertainty-aware (Deuce) framework for CSAL. Specifically, Deuce leverages a pretrained language model (PLM) to efficiently extract textual representations, class predictions, and predictive uncertainty. Then, it constructs a Dual-Neighbor Graph (DNG) to combine information on both textual diversity and class diversity, ensuring a balanced data distribution. It further propagates uncertainty information via density-based clustering to select hard representative instances. Deuce performs well in selecting class-balanced and hard representative data by dual-diversity and informativeness. Experiments on six NLP datasets demonstrate the superiority and efficiency of Deuce.
Comparisons of Montane Snow Water Equivalent Projections: Calculating Total Snow Mass in Regions with Projection Agreement and Divergence in the Western United States
Authors: Pflug Justin M. , Kumar Sujay V. , Livneh Ben , Gutmann Ethan D. , Gangrade Sudershan , Kao Shih-Chieh
Published: December 2024

Montane snowpack is a vital source of water in the western United States. Here, we use a large-ensemble approach to evaluate the agreement across 124 snow water equivalent (SWE) projections with statistically downscaled forcing between end-of-century (2076–95) and early twenty-first century (2106–35) periods. Comparisons were performed on dates corresponding with the end of winter (15 April) and midspring snowmelt (15 May) in five western U.S. domains. Using 1) the percent change to end-of-century SWE across different ensembles of snow projections and 2) the shift between early twenty-first century and end-of-century SWE distributions for each snow projection, we identified relationships between projections that were consistent across each domain. In low to midelevations, end-of-century SWE decreases were 48% and larger on 15 April. These regions had projected changes to SWE that were both high confidence and in relative agreement across projections. Despite this, the majority of 15 April SWE volume existed in higher elevations where the magnitude and direction (positive or negative) of SWE changes were most uncertain. The results of this study show that large-ensemble approaches can be used to measure coherence between snow projections and identify 1) the highest confidence changes to future snow water resources and 2) the locations and periods where and when improvements to snow projections would most benefit estimates of future snow water resources.

Significance Statement

A majority of spring and summer runoff in the western United States originates from mountain snowpack. Yet, future projections of snow in these regions are uncertain. We identify where snow projections agree and the proportion of snow that falls within regions where end-of-century projections of snow disagree as a result of disparate snow modeling approaches. Results show that a majority of the area of the Rocky Mountain and Cascade Mountain ranges have projected changes to snow that agree in relative magnitude, but most of the annual snow water supply exists in higher elevations where projections of snow diverge. These results highlight where further research may most improve our understanding of future snow water supplies and the associated downstream water resources.
The Relationship between Parents’ Use of the Pediatric Emergency Department and Cyberchondria
Authors: Üstüner Top Fadime , Kaya Barış
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to investigate the correlation between children’s attendance at the emergency department and the cyberchondria of parents. The population for this cross-sectional study comprised parents of children aged 0 to 18 attending the emergency department. Research data were collected using an Information Form, the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS). The participants had mean CSS scores of 41.45 ± 19.22. There were significant differences observed between the reason for choosing the emergency department with mean scores for the total CSS ( F = 2.289, P = .021), distress ( F = 2.466, P = .013), and compulsion ( F = 2.822, P = .005) subscales. A weak positive correlation was identified between the number of attendances at the emergency department in the last year and the excessiveness ( r = .204) subscale. Participants had moderate levels of CSS. According to the research findings, most parents attended the emergency department for non-urgent reasons. In addition, as the cyberchondria severity level of parents increased, their attendance at health institutions and emergency departments was determined to increase.
Race, Health, and Recidivism: Examining the Effects of Health Status and Healthcare Needs on Recidivism for Black and White Formerly Incarcerated People
Authors: Wang Xia , Wallace Danielle , Infante Arynn A.
Published: December 2024

Health research has established that there exist significant and consistent racial disparities in health outcomes, access to healthcare, and scope and quality of healthcare. An unresolved question is whether there are different pathways between health and recidivism for White versus Black individuals who were formerly incarcerated (IFI). Using the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI) data, we find that for both Black and White IFI, mental health is significantly and negatively associated with recidivism, and needing drug or alcohol treatment is significantly and positively associated with recidivism. Further, the effect of mental health on recidivism is partially mediated by unmet healthcare needs, but the mediation effect is more nuanced for Black versus White IFI. The study’s implications are discussed.
God’s New Time Will Assuredly Come: Habakkuk 2.3–4 and the Origin of Eschatological Christ-faith (Πίστις Χριστοῦ) in Paul
Authors: Harris Johnathan F.
Published: December 2024

Adopting Benjamin Schliesser’s ‘third view’ of πίστις Χριστοῦ, according to which ‘Christ-faith’ refers to the Christ-event and the eschatological age of faith that breaks into history in Christ, this essay argues that Paul’s concept of Christ-faith originates from his reading of Hab. 2.3–4, in which he hears prophesied a new time in redemptive history. Three reasons suggest that this is Paul’s interpretation. First, this is the best interpretation of the Greek (and possibly Hebrew) text of Habakkuk. Second, it parallels the interpretation of Habakkuk in 1QpHab. Third, it makes the most sense of Paul’s argument in Galatians. Habakkuk envisioned a coming age in which, consequent upon God’s historical action, God’s people would find life ἐκ πίστεως. Paul believed that age had arrived in Christ. Habakkuk’s πίστις simply is πίστις Χριστοῦ. From Hab. 2.3–4, Paul has all he needs to refer metonymically to the new age as πίστις Χριστοῦ.
HMM-based dissipative filtering for Markov jump neural networks under event-triggered scheme and stochastic cyberattacks
Authors: Zhao Yong , Wan Xinlian , Zhang Weihai
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates the design of an asynchronous dissipative filter for a class of discrete-time Markov jump neural networks (MJNNs) under event-triggered schemes (ETS) and stochastic cyberattacks. Since the mode information of the system mode is not easily acquired by the filter, the hidden Markov model (HMM) is employed to depict such kinds of asynchronous characteristics. The transmitted data meets specific event-triggering conditions, which can alleviate the communication burden. Owing to network vulnerabilities, two kinds of cyberattacks, deception attacks (DAs) and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, are considered in the transmission channel. By exploring the ETS method and the stochastic cyberattacks property, a hidden networked MJNNs model with network-induced delay and hybrid cyberattacks is proposed for the first time. Sufficient conditions are derived to ensure that the resulted hidden filtering error system with hybrid cyberattacks is finite-time bounded (FTB). Based on this, a criterion for finite-time exponential dissipativity (FTED) is established and an event-triggered and asynchronous secure filter is designed. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to verify the validity of the proposed filter design scheme.
Time to Take a Chance: The Promise of Royston-Parmar Proportional Hazard Models for Understanding Caseload Transitions
Authors: Seith David C. , Adegoke Siyanbade , Burchett Camisha , Kennedy Ryan
Published: December 2024

In this letter to the editor, we compare six different event history models to estimate which eligible families participated in a subsidized rental housing program and when. Answering these questions can inform efforts to improve program marketing and outreach, staffing and budgeting, triage, bias identification, as well as benchmarking and evaluation. One of six specifications clearly outperforms the others and understanding how will inform similar research pursuits. Although decision-relevant participation patterns are available in state administrative records, deciphering them is difficult for several well-known reasons. Participants enter and exit the eligible risk pool at different times, for different reasons, and at different rates. To answer our questions of when and whom, we restructure the data from calendar to relative months and then employ event history models designed to accurately estimate a complete hypothetical risk trajectory from observed spells of varying lengths, many of which ended before families took up the rental subsidy, (i.e., censored observation spells). We find that eligible parents most likely to take up the subsidy live in high-rent counties, have relatively strong recent work history, short prior adult lifetime TANF receipt, and medium-size families. Program take-up fell substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Contrasting the application of six parallel specifications, we find that a Royston-Parmar proportional hazard model achieves an exceptional balance between the descriptive accuracy of discrete time approaches and the elegance of Cox regression.
Efficacy of iron replacement in pulmonary hypertension: A systematic review
Authors: Baral Tejaswini , Malakapogu Pravachana , Shyma Zuha , Kurian Shilia Jacob , Benson Ruby , Manu Mohan K. , Bagchi Debasis , Miraj Sonal Sekhar
Published: December 2024

Aim: The systematic review summarizes the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of iron replacement in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase up to April 2024. Eligible studies investigating iron replacement therapy in pulmonary hypertension patients were included in the review. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using standardized risk of bias tools. Results: Five studies met the study-eligible criteria and were included for review. Out of all final selected five studies, one was a randomized control trial (RCT), two were non-RCT, and two were observational studies. We observed an improvement in the six-minute walk distance (6MWD) test, iron indices, peak oxygen intake, and anaerobic threshold after the iron replacement. In all included studies, the iron replacement was tolerated well with no serious adverse events. Conclusion: Regardless of the variation in the study design, positive effects were observed on multiple outcome measures like the 6MWD test, cardiopulmonary exercise test parameter, and iron indices upon iron replacement in PH patients with iron deficiency. Further controlled trials are needed to enable better treatment group comparisons. Exploring long-term impacts on comorbidities, mortality, and disease progression would provide valuable insights for managing pulmonary hypertension.
Creative giftedness: A systems theory of its nature and development
Authors: Sternberg Robert J.
Published: December 2024

This article presents a new, systems theory of creative giftedness. The system has three major parts: the person, the ecological context in which the person operates, and the creative contributions that the person makes. Creative giftedness thus is seen as an interaction between the person, the ecological context, and the tasks that the individual undertakes within that context. Suggestions are given as to how to develop creative giftedness within this theoretical approach.
Reimagining the roles and skills of information professionals in the 5IR
Authors: Ayinde Lateef , Ajayi Ayoola Oluwaseun , Adedeji Ayansewa
Published: December 2024

The advent of the Fifth Industrial Revolution (5IR) establishes a transformation of information centers and Information Professionals (IP). 5IR addresses the deficiencies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) with emphasis on renewed direction and development of the roles and skills of IP in the rapidly emerging technological innovations that interplay between humans and technologies from the perspective of Information Professionals and information centers. The roles, skills, and implications of the 5th industrial revolution to information professionals remain unclear. The study establishes a holistic review of roles, skills, and impact of the 5th industrial revolution and proffers working solutions to navigate, survive, and sustain as information professionals. The findings highlight technical skills, soft skills, upskill, re-skilling, and mega-skilling. The study recommends constant learning and adaptability, responsible data stewardship, collaboration across disciplines, human-centric systems, green IT transformation, and goal-oriented information services. By understanding the implications, IP can navigate, survive, and sustain the 5th industrial revolution.
A simulated ‘can’t intubate, can’t oxygenate’ manikin crossover study investigating a modified front-of-neck access airway device
Authors: Paterson Stuart , Devereaux-McLean Zeik , Mohler Georgia , Sharma Dheeraj , Anderson Malcolm B , Mahoney Adam J
Published: December 2024

A ‘can’t intubate, can’t oxygenate’ (CICO) situation is an uncommon and time-critical emergency. Many institutions have adopted a ‘scalpel–bougie–endotracheal tube (ETT)’ technique based on evidence produced by the 4th National Audit Project of the Royal College of Anaesthetists and 2015 Difficult Airway Society guidelines. We made a modification to the traditional ‘scalpel–bougie–ETT’ technique, using a shortened bougie and replacing the ETT with a cuffed Melker airway in a preassembled device (called ‘Secure Airway for Front-of-neck Emergencies’ (SAFE airway device)), which we felt might reduce cognitive load on a single operator in an emergency CICO situation. We then performed a simulation crossover study using 20 volunteer anaesthetic doctors to compare this modification with the traditional technique. After a standardised pre-recorded video demonstration, participants performed simulated tube insertion using both the standard ‘scalpel–bougie–ETT’ technique and the SAFE airway device in randomised order. Participants were filmed for accurate timestamping. The primary outcome was time to successful tube insertion while secondary outcomes included number of attempts and ease of insertion. Overall time to cuff inflation was shorter, statistically and practically, with the SAFE airway device compared with the ETT (median 30 vs. 52 seconds, P < 0.001). Twenty-five percent of participants required multiple attempts using the ETT method versus 5% using the SAFE airway device, which was also rated as being easier to use. This study demonstrates that the SAFE airway device was fast, effective, easy to use and acceptable to airway practitioners in a simulated manikin environment. These findings indicate that further studies of the SAFE airway device are warranted.
The Effects of Using Length Models to Teach Fraction and Decimal Translation
Authors: Rojo Megan , King Sarah G. , Gersib Jenna , Doabler Christian T.
Published: December 2024

Competence with rational numbers is essential for mathematics proficiency in secondary mathematics. However, many students struggle with rational number concepts, and students with mathematics difficulties struggle even more. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an intervention that incorporated the use of explicit instruction and length models to teach the relationship between fractions and decimals to fourth-grade students with mathematics difficulties. To conduct this study, the researcher employed a multiple probe design across three intervention groups. The results of a visual analysis determined that a functional relation existed between a fraction and decimal intervention and increased performance on two dependent variables: base-10 fraction magnitude and fraction-to-decimal translation. The magnitude of change was calculated using a between-case standardized mean difference, and the results of a social validity questionnaire were presented.
A Critical Review of Primary School Students’ Difficulties in Learning Programming Through Educational Games
Authors: Giannakoulas Andreas , Xinogalos Stelios
Published: December 2024

This study critically reviews sixteen empirical studies that investigate the various difficulties that primary school students encounter while learning programming through educational games. Specifically, the challenges that students face in understanding basic programming concepts and the game elements that contribute to these difficulties, as well as the extent to which students can transfer the knowledge gained to contexts beyond games are analyzed. The results indicate that students primarily struggle with understanding loops (both simple and nested), while difficulties with selection structures and sequence structures are less pronounced. Regarding game elements, students face difficulties in interpreting command symbols representing directions, understanding graphical interface elements representing programming constructs, and managing complex user interfaces. The results imply a need for further empirical studies to explore how well students can apply their acquired programming knowledge to contexts beyond games. Although the need for further research is highlighted, the findings of the study provide valuable implications both to educators and game designers for a more effective incorporation of educational games to the teaching of programming, and a more straightforward depiction of programming concepts and a more user-friendly graphical user interface respectively.
AI-powered breakthroughs in material science and biomedical polymers
Authors: Omidian Hamid
Published: December 2024

This commentary examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are transforming biomedical polymers, drug delivery systems, wearable electronics, smart materials, advanced manufacturing, and neuromorphic technologies. AI enhances prediction accuracy, optimizes material properties, accelerates development, and enables innovative applications such as smart biomaterials, personalized medicine, and tissue engineering. Specific applications include predicting polymer properties, optimizing drug release kinetics, improving drug delivery system design, and creating responsive materials for advanced biomedical devices. AI also advances wearable sensors, flexible electronics, 3D/4D printing, sustainable materials, and neuromorphic computing, leading to breakthroughs in health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and environmental sustainability.
KLF6 silencing attenuates MCAO-induced brain injury and cognitive dysfunction via targeting ferroptosis and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Authors: Qian Hongyu , Zhou Sufang , Qian Rong , Li Qingye , Zhang Jian , Ding Yanbing , Wang Chuanxiang
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The incidence of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) is complex which seriously threatens the life safety of patients. Neither its prevention nor its treatment has been successful so far. Proteins that bind to DNA and belong to the C2/H2 zinc finger family are known as Krüppel-like factors (KLFs). Among them, KLF6 plays a vital role in proliferation, metabolism, inflammation, and damage responses, although its function in I/R remains largely unexplored.

Methods

In this study, we induced cerebral ischemia in rats using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Neural function, cerebral infarction volume, cognitive function, cortical pathological lesions, ferroptosis, and oxidative stress were measured.

Results

Our findings indicated that the MCAO model exhibited signs of ferroptosis and a concurrent increase in KLF6 levels. Inhibition of KLF6 resulted in a significant decrease in the escape latency during swimming tests ( p < .05), an increase in the frequency of platform crossings, and prolonged duration in the target quadrant compared to the control group. Additionally, silencing KLF6 mitigated MCAO-induced brain injury and reduced oxidative stress and ferroptosis, as evidenced by altered levels of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling proteins.

Discussion

In conclusion, our results suggest that silencing KLF6 may protect against MCAO-induced pyroptosis, oxidative stress, and neurological dysfunction by inactivating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. This study offers new perspectives on the molecular mechanisms related to MCAO and emphasizes the significance of targeting KLF6 for future therapeutic approaches.
How Did China Project Military Resources Across the Taiwan Strait? Institutions, Agents and Knowledge During the Sino-French War of 1884–1885
Authors: Chen Nan-Hsu
Published: December 2024

In the nineteenth century, Qing China faced daunting military challenges in maintaining control over its frontiers. How did China project military resources over long distances to defend its frontiers? Focusing on the Sino-French War, which featured a seven-month French naval blockade of Taiwan that seriously tested Chinese logistics capacity, this article argues that the key to Chinese success lay in the collaboration among diverse Chinese and foreign actors and the effective utilization of their local knowledge. These findings shed light on the capability of the supposedly declining Qing Empire and offer non-European historical experiences for the study of logistics history.
Psychosocial Interventions Preventing Gang-Related Crime Among Young People: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mellgren Caroline , Rostami Amir , Gerell Manne , Sturup Joakim , Hartvigsson Thomas , Munthe Christian , Bring Johan , Hellberg Uliana , Johnsson Ann Kristine , Fundell Sara , Sundell Knut
Published: December 2024

The objective was to assess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in preventing gang membership and gang-related crime among children and young adults under the age of 30. We performed a systematic review and synthesized interventions targeting universal, selective, and indicated populations published between January 2000 and April 2023. We included 42 (seven randomized, 12 nonrandomized, 23 controlled interrupted time series) studies evaluating 33 unique psychosocial interventions. Synthesis without meta-analysis found a preventive effect of psychosocial interventions in middle schools on gang membership. Furthermore, meta-analysis found that focused deterrence strategies prevented gang-involved violence, and that psychosocial support during probation decreased crime recidivism. This systematic review found significant effects of four psychosocial interventions compared to control in reducing future criminality, especially gun violence, among children and young adults. The findings are discussed regarding policy implications and ethical considerations.
Keeping it Real: Why Case Research Writing Conventions Need to Loosen Up
Authors: Sharen Colleen M. , Woodwark Meredith J.
Published: December 2024

The case method remains the signature pedagogy in management education. Teaching case research is a form of qualitative research which has recently gained enhanced recognition by accreditation bodies as scholarly or intellectual contributions. As proponents of the case method, however, we are concerned that in the peer-review process case researchers struggle to publish cases that honor the desired learning outcomes and fully adhere to the standards of research trustworthiness. We believe this happens because several common case writing conventions of mainstream case publishing are impeding the publication of pedagogically valuable cases. The purpose of this essay is to describe and raise awareness about the conflict between accurately representing case data and these established conventions. Accordingly, we describe how the mainstream case publishing process works, including the case conventions researchers must follow, and explain how the strict adherence to these conventions can conflict with the trustworthiness of case data, as well as with pedagogical objectives. We conclude by suggesting that the case publishing community should allow more flexibility in how cases are written in recognition of their scholarly purpose, and we provide concrete suggestions for how to accomplish this cultural shift. Our aim is to keep case research real.
Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein are Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Early Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Liu YongCheng , Wu Di , Wang HuiJuan , Zheng HeMing
Published: December 2024

Background

Although dyslipidemia has been shown to be associated with breast cancer prognosis, the prognostic value of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between preoperative HDL levels and prognosis in TNBC patients.

Methods

Preoperative HDL levels and clinical data from 287 patients who underwent TNBC surgery were retrospectively collected. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analyzed via the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results

Via the combination of receiver operating characteristics and Kaplan-Meier analysis, we found that low HDL levels were a prognostic factor for TNBC. Patients with lower HDL levels had a significantly lower T1 ratio than patients with higher HDL levels and exhibited a significantly higher neoadjuvant chemotherapy ratio than patients with higher HDL levels. In univariate analysis, the DFS and OS of patients with low HDL levels were worse than those of patients with high HDL levels in terms of DFS (HR: 0.452; 95% CI: 0.237-0.862; P = 0.016) and OS (HR: 0.438; 95% CI: 0.199-0.968; P = 0.041). However, in the multivariate analysis, there was no difference observed between patients with low HDL levels and those with high HDL levels in terms of DFS or OS. According to the subgroup analysis, lymph node-negative (N-) patients with low levels of HDL had worse DFS and OS than did patients with high HDL levels. However, in lymph node-positive (N+) patients, there was no difference observed in prognosis between the high- and low-HDL groups.

Discussion

Low HDL levels are correlated with the progression of TNBC. Moreover, low HDL levels (particularly in patients who are N-) have been identified as a significant prognostic factor impacting the prognosis of TNBC patients; however, these levels do not represent an independent prognostic factor.
DNA Methylation Pattern and mRNA Expression Level of E-Cadherin and P16 Genes in Thrombotic Disorders
Authors: Abak Niloofar , Azad Mehdi , Ali Fatemeh Mohammad , Saberian Mostafa , Turkaman Saeed , Alizadeh Shaban
Published: December 2024

Objective

DNA methylation, as an epigenetic alteration, plays an essential role in the development of atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis. E-cadherin, a tumor suppressor gene and adhesion molecule, has a crucial function in platelet aggregation and hemostasis. P16, a cell cycle regulator, is involved in venous thrombosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the DNA methylation patterns and expression levels of the E-cadherin and P16 genes in venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Method

Peripheral blood samples were collected from 32 patients, including those with deep vein thrombosis (DVT, n = 15), pulmonary embolism (PE, n = 8), DVT with PE (n = 4), intestinal thrombosis (IT, n = 3), and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST, n = 2), as well as from 10 healthy individuals. The DNA methylation patterns and gene expression levels of E-cadherin and P16 were analyzed using methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and Real-Time PCR, respectively.

Results

The promoter of the CDH1 gene was partially methylated in 84.4% of thrombotic patients and unmethylated in 15.6% ( P = 0.183). A significantly higher expression level of CDH1 was observed in the patients compared to the controls ( P = 0.001). The P16 gene promoter were unmethylated in all control and patient specimens. Compared to normal subjects, the expression level of the P16 was significantly increased in patients ( P = 0.000).

Conclusion

Our results indicated that DNA methylation is not the main gene expression regulatory mechanism for E-cadherin and P16 genes in thrombosis. Higher transcription levels of CDH1 and P16 in thrombotic patients may show their crucial roles in the pathogenesis of VTE.
Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Hemostatic Powder in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Xinguang , Han Zhencan , Zhang Guowei , Zhang Shantao , Li Zijian , Tian Hua
Published: December 2024

This retrospective study evaluated the safety and efficacy of SURGICEL® Powder–Absorbable Hemostatic Powder (SP) made from oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Ninety-one patients who underwent TKA at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2024 and July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Hemostatic effectiveness was evaluated by comparing perioperative blood loss, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, hematocrit (HCT), and transfusion rates. Clinical safety was assessed by comparing complication rates, operation time, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and postoperative fever. Finally, 85 patients were included: 43 in the SP group (using SP) and 42 in the control group (not using SP). There were no significant differences in age, sex, height, weight, preoperative HCT, or Hb levels. The volume of perioperative blood loss within 3 days in the SP group was reduced by approximately 154 ml compared with that in the control group. The Hb and HCT levels in the SP group were higher on the first, second, and third days after surgery, and there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of repeated measurements of HCT and Hb levels within 3 days postoperatively. There were no statistically significant differences in the operation time, postoperative VAS scores, complications, transfusion rates, or postoperative fever. In conclusion, this study confirmed that SP can significantly reduce perioperative blood loss in TKA without negatively affecting clinical outcomes.
Dissonant Harmonies: Honoring Black Children’s Complex Personhood, Sociopolitical Knowing and Learning in Qualitative Research
Authors: Davis Natalie R.
Published: December 2024

In this article, I offer a window into my methodology and stance toward learning from and with Black children. Through extended vignettes or “tracks,” I outline a small slice of how I came to appreciate the complexities of their personhood and critical knowing through an 18-month qualitative study designed to support these ends. More precisely, I reflect on the role of relationship-building, creative arts, and playful participation as resources for co-thinking and learning in my work with Black children. These aspects of the study design helped to make visible the richness of our dialogue around race, justice, and political agency.
Prevalence of feline hyperthyroidism in a laboratory-based sample of 27,888 cats in Spain
Authors: Pérez Domínguez Andrea , Santiago Tostado Raquel , Feo Bernabe Luis , Priego Corredor Anabel , Puig Prat Jordi
Published: December 2024

Objectives

The objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in Spain, including its geographical distribution and prevalence across different age groups.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted. Samples submitted to a reference laboratory to evaluate serum total thyroxine concentration (TT4) during a 3-year period were evaluated (n = 27,888). A cat was considered hyperthyroid if the TT4 concentration was greater than 60.4 nmol/l (4.7 μg/dl). Hyperthyroid cats were classified based on their TT4 concentration at diagnosis as mildly (TT4 60.4–124.8 nmol/l [4.7–9.7 μg/dl]), moderately (TT4 124.8–249.68 nmol/l [9.7–19.4 μg/dl]) or severely (TT4 >249.6 nmol/l [>19.4 μg/dl]) hyperthyroid. The samples were also grouped by life stage, into young adults (1–6 years old), mature adults (7–10 years old) and seniors (>10 years old). The study included samples from 17 regions of Spain and geographical mapping was based on seven domains.

Results

One thousand seven hundred and twenty-two out of 27,888 cats (6.2%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.9–6.5) were classified as hyperthyroid. Within the hyperthyroid group, ages ranged from 2 to 25 years old, with a median of 14 years. Within the hyperthyroid population, 14/368 (3.8%), 27/368 (7.3%) and 327/368 (88.8%) were young adults, mature adults and seniors, respectively. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism in this laboratory-based sample in Spain was 2.7 (95% CI = 0.4–5.7) to 6.9% (95% CI = 6.4–7.4), depending on the geographical region. During the study period, 8.2% of cases that were initially non-hyperthyroid were later diagnosed with hyperthyroidism.

Conclusions and relevance

Prevalence of hyperthyroidism in Spain is 6.2% (95% CI = 5.9–6.5) overall and 7.9% (95% CI = 7.2–8.8) in cats older than 10 years. The distribution of the disease is heterogeneous between different geographical regions. Further large-scale prospective studies are required to determine the risk factors in each region and understand the reasons for this variation.
Efficiency of in-wall weave patterns on the mechanical properties of integrally woven carbon/carbon honeycomb structures
Authors: Guo Lijia , Du Donghai , Li Weijie , Li Ying
Published: December 2024

Combining honeycomb structures with carbon/carbon (C/C) composites provides significant benefits, such as enhanced load-bearing strength, reduced weight, minimal thermal expansion, and no moisture absorption. These characteristics make such structures particularly suited for space applications. Carbon fiber reinforced composites, with their versatile design capabilities, emerge as an ideal material for satellite bearing platforms. In this study, three continuous carbon fiber woven structures are designed, and an integrally woven ortho-hexagonal C/C honeycomb structure was fabricated through performing Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) process on honeycomb preform. A multiscale damage model is used to analyze and compare the properties related to out-of-plane compression, shear in the L-direction, and shear in the W-direction across these three C/C honeycomb structures. Results indicate that the plain-woven C/C honeycomb structure demonstrates the most favorable mechanical properties, with the highest compressive modulus and shear strength under various loading conditions. Damage initially occurred in single-layer honeycomb walls with void defects, with ultimate failure appearing predominantly in the middle regions of all walls. These findings establish the plain-woven structure as the preferred choice for satellite bearing platforms due to its outstanding mechanical characteristics, providing stability and strength crucial for space applications.
Inside party youth wings: The YOUMEM project
Authors: McDonnell Duncan , Ammassari Sofia , Valbruzzi Marco , Bolin Niklas , Werner Annika , Heinisch Reinhard , Jungar Ann-Cathrine , Wegscheider Carsten
Published: December 2024

Youth wings fulfil vital democratic functions. They connect parties with young people, socialise them into political life, and train future candidates and officials. Yet, youth wings have been largely overlooked by party scholars. In this article, we present the Youth Wing Membership Survey (YOUMEM) dataset. With responses from over 5000 members of 12 centre-left and centre-right youth wings in Australia, Austria, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden, YOUMEM is the largest comparative study of youth wing members ever conducted. Using the dataset, we examine some basic questions about youth wing members: who they are, when and why they join. We find that youth wing members are primarily men and highly educated. Many have relatives who were party members, and most are extremely ambitious compared to senior party members. Beyond these commonalities, we also uncover differences across party families and countries. Our project provides a unique window on the young people in contemporary youth wings.
From handshakes to texts: Voter contact in the 2020 and 2022 elections
Authors: Whyard Sean
Published: December 2024

The 2020 election marked a watershed moment, shaped by a tumultuous political landscape, racial tensions, and the challenge of conducting an election during a global pandemic. Trump and Biden adopted divergent voter mobilization strategies: Trump embraced in-person contact, while Biden leaned into virtual campaigning. Using the Cooperative Election Study (CES) data, I demonstrate how voter contact changed from 2020 to 2022, with increased virtual contact during 2020 while in-person contact resurged in 2022. I show how partisanship influenced the manner of contact, with Republicans predominantly targeted through in-person efforts in 2020 and Democrats virtually. Though post-covid, in 2022, Democrats were more likely to be contacted in-person and virtually. I include 2012 and 2014 CES data to contextualize these findings, assessing whether the trends are unique to the COVID-19 era or to differences in midterm v. General elections. Overall, these findings reveal evolving dynamics of voter contact in the digital age.
Increasing Social Media Stickiness Through Parasocial Interaction and Influencer Source Credibility
Authors: Vu Van Canh , Wang Shasha , Keating Byron W , Chen Etta YI
Published: December 2024

Social media influencers (SMIs) present an effective marketing channel for brands because they possess “sticky” followers. However, little is known about how the characteristics of an SMI contribute to their stickiness, as reflected in the length of association and frequency of interaction with followers. This two-study research ( NStudy 1 = 417 and NStudy 2 = 249) is the first to investigate the drivers of online stickiness of SMIs through the lens of parasocial interaction (PSI) and source credibility alongside being the first to offer empirical data regarding financial influencers. The results reveal that PSI mediates the influence of source credibility dimensions (i.e. physical attractiveness, social attractiveness, attitude homophily, expertise, and trustworthiness) on stickiness. The perceived trustworthiness of the SMI also partially mediated the influence of the other four dimensions on PSI. These findings extend the literature on stickiness by showing how different personal characteristics help to build trust, create a psychological bond, and contribute to an enduring relationship between SMIs and their followers.
Procedure-Related Mortality in Aspiration Thrombectomy for Pulmonary Embolism: A MAUDE Database Analysis of the Inari FlowTriever and Penumbra Indigo Systems
Authors: Warren Blair E. , Tan Kong Teng , Jaberi Arash , Donahoe Laura , de Perrot Marc , McInnis Micheal C. , Granton John T. , Mafeld Sebastian
Published: December 2024

Background:

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is an important cause of death and disability. Advances in catheter-directed therapies have led to the use of devices, such as the Inari FlowTriever and Penumbra Indigo system for aspiration thrombectomy (AT) for both massive and sub-massive PE. However, limited data exist on causes of procedural mortality.

Methods:

Analysis of the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) Manufacture and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database was performed. Data for the Inari FlowTriever and Penumbra Indigo aspiration thrombectomy systems were evaluated for mortality events and classified by cause of death from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2023.

Results:

The review identified 26 mortality events related to the Inari FlowTriever and 28 related to the Penumbra Indigo device. Pulmonary vascular perforation (n=26) and right heart injury/tamponade (n=9) were the most common source of mortality. Clot migration (n=4) and acute right heart failure (n=5) were less frequently observed.

Conclusions:

This study reveals more mortality events than have been captured in the literature to date. Vascular perforation and cardiac injury are the most common and also potentially preventable sources of mortality. Strategies to mitigate complications related to aspiration thrombectomy are described.

Clinical Impact

Analysis of mortality in aspiration thrombectomy (AT) for acute pulmonary embolism is necessary to better understand the safety profile of this procedure. This analysis of the MAUDE database reports the largest single cohort of 54 deaths. Potentially preventable procedure-related mortality in AT has been documented to be the result of vascular perforation and cardiac perforation with tamponade. Preparation for emergent pericardiocentesis should be considered in mechanical thrombectomy. Clot migration may result from thrombus maceration or migration of clot in transit, thus, careful pre-procedure examination for clot in transit with echocardiography is suggested.
A new generation of aramid fibers/poly (vinyl butyral) composites for ballistic protection: Recent development and advances
Authors: Stojanović Dušica B , Obradović Vera , Bajić Danica , Uskoković Petar S
Published: December 2024

In recent times, para-aramid fabrics have become widely used in the design of composite structures for defense, automotive, and aerospace sectors, sports equipment, and other various applications. High-performance para-aramid fibers form the foundation of lightweight ballistic materials, typically as a woven fabric or a non-woven cross-plied unidirectional material, usually impregnated with a thermosetting or thermoplastic polymeric matrix. Currently, efforts are under way to enhance the impact protection performance of these composites by incorporating reinforcement such as ceramics, nanofibers, various nanoparticles, nanotubes, and their modified hybrid structures with a poly (vinyl butyral) (PVB) thermoplastic matrix. The aramid fibers reinforce the composite’s strength and thermal stability, while the PVB matrix offers flexibility, toughness and impact resistance. This survey presents the effects of adding different nanofillers and their hybrids on impact resistance and overall performance of these p-aramid fibers/poly (vinyl butyral) composites, focusing on improved elastic modulus and energy absorption following the ballistic impact and knife penetrations of the composites. Overall, incorporating hybrid nanofillers into aramid fiber/PVB composites results in materials with superior impact resistance, thus enhanced protective capabilities, making them ideal for high-performance applications.
A case study on perspectives of chaperone roles in short-term study abroad
Authors: Horness Paul
Published: December 2024

This study examined the role of chaperones in short-term study abroad program. Japanese university students visited Manila for 10 days in which they received credit for their experience. This study examined how the chaperones viewed their perspective and also how students viewed the chaperone’s role. In addition, the study applied the Standards of Good Practice (Forum on Education Abroad) to evaluate the administrative perspective of the program. The qualitative results indicated that the both the chaperone and students viewed the chaperone as someone who had information about the program and could use that information effectively to ensure a protective environment of success. The administrative perspective analysis indicated where the program could enhance support for the chaperone. This study’s value is that it highlights chaperones’ perspectives which have been overlooked in research. Moreover, the study reveals how administrators could incorporate the chaperones perspectives more effectively in the study abroad program.
Fair access challenges in maternal-fetal surgery trials
Authors: Cavolo Alice , Pizzolato Daniel , Gastmans Chris , Crombag Neeltje
Published: December 2024

Maternal fetal surgery (MFS) trials have the potential to substantially increase the survival and quality of life of fetuses with life-threatening conditions, but they also entail relevant and yet overlooked fair access challenges. In this topic piece, we will present the fair access concerns in MFS trials/practice and their ethical ramifications as well as some possible ways to address them.

The most obvious challenge is cost. Although the cost of the surgery itself is generally covered, costs are high for participants, including commute or housing near the hospital. This might hinder participations of parents from lower economic status. Strict eligibility criteria aimed at protecting participants further limit accessibility. These issues further affect the scientific validity of the trial. For example, the above-mentioned issues contribute to difficulties in recruitment which already lead to MFS trials delays and cancellations. They also contributed to homogeneous samples that are difficult to generalize. Hence, it is important that researcher first acknowledge the existence of fair access issues beyond those related to the cost of the surgery itself and that these issues affect participants’ right to fair access to the trial benefits as well as the scientific validity of the trial. Second, it is important that researchers actively try to foresee and reduce these issues.