bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF IRRADIATION ON POWDER CHARACTERISTICS AND CHITOSAN SOLUTION
Authors: Arthur Valter
Published: October 2021

Chitosan is a biodegradable polymer composed of β- (1,4) -D-glucosamine linkages (deacetylated unit) and N- acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated  unit).  It is commercially produced  by the deacetylation  of chitin  and in  the food industries it is used as a stabilizer, thickener, in water treatment and easily processed into nanofibers, gels, nanoparticles  and  films.  The  objective  of  this  work  was  to  evaluate  the  effect  of  gamma  irradiation  on morphological, rheological and color properties of chitosan and gels. Chitosan samples were irradiated at the 5, 10  and  15  kGy  doses  and  performed  by  scanning  electron  microscopy  (SEM),  color  and  rheology.  SEM analyzes showed that the chitosan particles have a network agglomerated with irregular arrangements, and the irradiated  samples  presented  smaller  granules.  It  was  observed  that  gamma radiation  induces  changes  in the intensity of the tonality of the chitosan   powder   and gels, increasing the brown   coloration. These changes are  observed    by    the    decreasing    values    of    L  *    (luminosity)    with    increasing    radiation    dose    and, consequently,  an increase  in  the  values  of  b  *  (brown  tone),  C  *  and  h  *,  indicating  a  higher  intensity of   color. As   for  the rheological   behavior,  all   the  gels   were   characterized   as   Newtonian   fluids   and   the irradiation  altered  their viscosity, leaving them less viscous.
Calibration Of The Short Irradiation Facility For k0 - NAA Implementation At The IEA-R1 Reactor
Authors: Flores João Pedro Oliveira , Silva Paulo Sérgio Cardoso , Dias Mauro Silva , Koskinas Marina Fallone , Moreira Denise Simões , Yamazaki Ione Makiko
Published: October 2021

The short irradiation facility of the IEA-R1 nuclear research reactor at IPEN, São Paulo,  Brazil, has been used for short irradiation of samples for the purpose of determining the concentration of elements of these samples through the use of the instrumental neutron activation analysis technique. With the aim of implementing the k0-NAA method at the Neutron Activation Analysis Laboratory (LAN), the reactor parameters a and f were obtained using the bare triple method. In this method, a set of three neutron flux monitors were irradiated without Cd-cover. The efficiency curve of the gamma-ray spectrometer used was determined by measuring calibrated radioactive sources at the commonly used counting geometries. The results for the parameters a and f were respectively 0.0384±0.0016 and 35.67±0.26. This value of f shows that the neutrons in the irradiation position are well thermalized.The variation of these parameters was studied with time and the reproducibility was verified.
The importance of continuing education in the radiology service: a successful practice at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão
Authors: Lemos Marques Lillian Lettiere Bezerra , Aguiar Gabriela Leal , Silva Itamar Antonio Sousa , Rios Livia Teresa Moreira
Published: October 2021

The concept of permanent education is materialized in the possibility of exchanging knowledge after initial training. This theme is of great importance to society and needs to be explored to provide a reflection on the reality of health services. This study presents permanent education for radiology services in accordance with current legislation and the project implemented at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão. The aim is to build a knowledge of continuing education in the health field, identifying the practice of this project and also contributing to the enrichment and theoretical dissemination aimed at diagnostic imaging services that make use of technologies with ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Thus, improving the assistance and safety to radiology professionals and their users, through a gradual and appropriate knowledge.
A method for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in fuel performance codes
Authors: Bortoletto Dantas Ana Carolina , Teixeira e Silva Antonio
Published: October 2021

The present study proposes a method for the execution of uncertainty and sensitivity analysis on TRANSURANUS code, adapted for the use of stainless steel AISI-348 as the cladding material for a PWR reactor fuel rod, thus allowing to determine which input data are more relevant to the TRANSURANUS models, as well as a confidence interval for the results. The analysis was made through Monte Carlo sampling, where input values related to the geometry and composition of the fuel rod were taken from a normal distribution truncated around fabrication tolerance values. The generated samples were used as TRANSURANUS input data, and after numerous executions of the code, the results pertaining to the fuel center line temperature, fuel rod inner pressure and cladding strains were used to obtain a confidence interval and to make a variance based sensitivity analysis, showing that the models used in TRANSURANUS are additive in nature, and input interactions are not relevant to the code.
Luxación aislada de codo en niños menores de 10 años: reporte de dos casos
Authors: Pérez De-León Julio Adalberto , Reyes Arceo Alma Fabiola , Fuentes González Manuel Arturo
Published: October 2021

La luxación de codo aislada es muy infrecuente en esqueletos inmaduros. El manejo y el tratamiento no están estandarizados debido a la baja casuística. Las luxaciones aisladas en niños <10 años constituyen un cuadro descrito como evidencia compartida en estudios de niños más grandes. El objetivo de este artículo es comunicar dos casos de luxación aislada de codo en niños <10 años. Los niños consultan a la unidad de urgencias por dolor y deformidad en el codo a las pocas horas del trauma. En ambos casos, se realizaron evaluaciones clínicas y radiográficas en busca de lesiones asociadas antes de la reducción cerrada y después. Se descartó inestabilidad articular bajo anestesia y se inmovilizó por dos semanas. Los resultados funcionales fueron excelentes en ambos casos, a los tres meses de la lesión.
Seudoaneurisma cubital en un niño. Reporte de un caso y revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Togneri Laura , Fernández Korosek Lucas
Published: October 2021

Los seudoaneurismas de las arterias de la mano son infrecuentes, se han publicado escasos reportes de casos de adultos, secundarios a un trauma cerrado o abierto. El diagnóstico se confirma mediante ecografía Doppler y otros estudios complementarios. Si no se trata, se puede complicar con trombosis, embolia distal de arterias digitales, lesión nerviosa o necrosis. La cirugía es el tratamiento recomendado y consiste en resección del segmento dañado y ligadura simple, arteriorrafia o reconstrucción vascular con injerto. Los objetivos de este reporte son describir un caso de seudoaneurisma hipotenar secundario a una heridapenetrante en un niño y, dada la rareza de este cuadro, revisar, de manera no sistemática, la bibliografía actual.
Tratamiento con brace termoplástico para fracturas de húmero
Authors: Dávalos Agustina , Hernández Eugenia , Simaro Paula , Santamarina Elena , Di Tullio Johanna , Chiurazzi Martina
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Evaluar la satisfacción con el uso del brace termoplástico y el resultado funcional del tratamiento conservador en pacientes con fracturas de la diáfisis del húmero.

Materiales y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de pacientes con fracturas de húmero cerradas, tratados con brace termoplástico hasta su consolidación y un seguimiento mínimo de 12 meses. Se registraron los siguientes datos: tipo de fractura y localización, mecanismo de lesión, miembro lesionado, tiempo de inmovilización con yeso y uso del brace, complicaciones y tiempo de consolidación. Se evaluaron el dolor mediante la escala analógica visual, la satisfacción con la escala de Likert, el balance articular con la escala de Constant y la funcionalidad según el puntaje QuickDASH.

Resultados: Se incluyó a 17 pacientes (16 mujeres, 1 hombre; edad promedio 67 años). La inmovilización inicial con yeso fue de 13 días (rango 0-32). Los pacientes usaron el brace por 8.6 semanas (rango 3-16) hasta la consolidación radiográfica en la décima semana. El seguimiento promedio fue de 24 meses (rango 12-60) y el puntaje de dolor, de 0,5 (rango 1-3). El 59% estuvo muy satisfecho con los resultados y el 41%, satisfecho. El 59% logró una flexión del hombro >150°, el 47%, una abducción >150°, el 41%, una rotación interna con pulgar entre escápulas y el 47%, una rotación externa de 70°. El puntaje QuickDASH promedio fuede 9.

Conclusiones: Los pacientes se mostraron muy satisfechos con el uso del brace termoplástico para el tratamiento incruento de las fracturas de húmero y los resultados funcionales fueron aceptables.
Conducta en pacientes con parálisis y patología del nervio radial
Authors: Valbuena Sebastián , Socolovsky Mariano
Published: October 2021

Discusión en la conducta de patología del nervio radial.
USE OF ADAPTIVE ANTENNA ARRAYS FOR INCREASE THE THROUGHPUT IN LTE-A
Authors: Makoveenko D. O. , Siden S. V. , Pyliavskyi V. V.
Published: October 2021

Context. The aim of the article is to analyze the throughput of the LTE-A mobile network on the uplink using an adaptive linear equidistant antenna array.
Objective. Suggestions have been made for the possibility of using adaptive antenna arrays to increase bandwidth in LTE-A mobile networks and analyze the benefits of its use compared to the standard type of base station antenna
Method. To achieve this result, a computer model of noise analysis of the mobile network in the form of a flat regular hexagonal antenna array consisting of 7 three-sector cells was developed. To estimate the benefit from the use of adaptive antenna arrays, two options were analyzed: when using a standard antenna array of the LTE-A network, and an adaptive linear equidistant antenna array. During the simulation, 100 random placements of subscribers of useful and interference signals were performed and the minimum, maximum and average gain from the use of adaptive antenna arrays was calculated. The average value of the gain for the adaptive antenna array in the direction of the subscriber station, which generates a useful signal of 5.69 dB more than the standard antenna array of the LTE-A network. At the same time, there is a significant reduction in the gain of the adaptive antenna in the direction of the interference subscriber stations, namely, for those with the highest interference level, the gain is 32.84 dB and 28.33 dB, respectively. To clearly show the gain in the qualitative characteristics of the network, a bandwidth analysis was performed for different types of antennas. The bandwidth distribution (transport block size) for 50 resource blocks using an adaptive equidistant linear antenna array compared to a standard antenna array is presented.
Results. It is shown that due to the use of adaptive antenna systems, the average bandwidth increases from 11 Mbit/s to 35 Mbit / s for all types of distribution considered channels.
Conclusions. The article proposes the use of adaptive antenna arrays to increase the bandwidth of the LTE-A network. The simulation of bandwidth for 50 resource blocks showed that in the presence of internal system interference when using standard antennas of base stations, the average bandwidth is from 11.2 Mbps to 12.3 Mbps. At the same time, due to the use of adaptive antenna systems, the average bandwidth increases from 11 Mbit/s to 35 Mbit/s for all types of multipath channels considered.
Challenges of English as a first additional language: Fourth grade reading teachers’ perspectives
Authors: Fesi Liziwe , Mncube Vusumzi
Published: October 2021

The study reported on here was designed to investigate the challenges faced by teachers when teaching reading in Grade 4 English First Additional Language (EFAL) in East London, South Africa. This research study was framed by the socio-constructivist theory of reading. A case study design that corresponds with the constructivist paradigm was used to gather qualitative data. Semi-structured interviews and observations were conducted with 12 teachers who were purposively selected from 4 public schools (2 English teachers from each school and 1 natural sciences teacher) to establish the challenges that they encountered in their attempts to encourage Grade 4 EFAL learners to gain proficiency in English. Data presented were taken from a large scale on English reading problems. The data were analyzed using Critical Discourse Analysis and were arranged and coded into 5 themes. The major findings refer to the poor level of reading of Grade 4 EFAL learners, a decrease in teacher and learner motivation, overcrowded classrooms and inadequate training on reading strategies. Based on the findings of the study and an extensive literature review, the Comprehensive Model for teaching reading is recommended.
15-16. Yüzyıl Trabzon’unda Fetih, Toplumsal Değişim ve Din
Authors: ÜSTÜN DEMİRKAYA Fulya , DURMUŞ ÖZTÜRK Serap
Published: October 2021

Kentler dini ve toplumsal sistemi sembolize eden yapılar olarak, değişime uğramaktadırlar. Değişimin tetikleyicisi olan sebep ve etkenler ne kadar doğru tespit edilirse değişimi anlamak ve yorumlamanın o kadar tarafsız olacağı açıktır. Bu açıdan erken dönem kentlerinde özellikle din toplum normu düzenleyicisi olarak işlerlik kazanır ve ideolojik fonksiyonlar görür. Mimariden sosyal örgütlenmeye, siyasetten, ekonomik yapılanmalara kadar birçok alanda din kendini hissettirmektedir. Mimari yapılar, sanat eserleri, yer isimleri, hukuki-siyasi, sosyo-kültürel, askeri, iktisadi alanlarda hep dini temeller, elemanlar, anlayışlar göze çarpmaktadır. Din kendini ibadet mekânı ve kutsal alanda ifade ederken; idari yapı ve iktidar, özelde bürokrasi ve ordu olarak tanımlayabileceğimiz yönetim mekanizması, kendini kenti kuşatan surlar ve bu surların içerisindeki saray, garnizon gibi yapılar ve bunların inşa edildikleri alanlarla maddileşmektedirler. Bu noktada ise din kavramının ideoloji ile olan bağı gündeme gelmelidir. Kuşatan tarafından kentte değişen idari yapı ile ortaya çıkan yeni güç dini, ekonomik, politik veya kentin yaşam tarzını dönüşüme zorlamakta, iktidar gücü ile değişen dini yapı ise kendini ibadet mekânı ve kutsal alanda ifade ederken, kimlik değişiminin yanında, mimariden sosyal örgütlenmeye, siyasetten, ekonomik yapılanmalara kadar birçok alanda kendini hissettirmektedir.Bu metin, Komnenos Hanedanlığı’nın başkenti Trabzon’un Komnenos Dönemi’nin ardından, köklü değişimleri beraberinde getiren ve fetih sonrası ideoloji-din bağlamında başka dönemi temsil eden Osmanlı hakimiyetini kapsamaktadır. Bu bağlamda metin Osmanlı fethinin ardından geçirdiği değişimi, Müslüman ve gayrimüslim cemaat açısından meydana gelen değişim yönünden ele alarak toplumsal değişimi gündeme getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Trabzon için düzenlenmiş dört tahrir defterinin varlığı, 15. yüzyıl sonuna kadar barındırdığı gayrimüslim nüfus ile fethin ardından meydana gelen değişim sürecinin izlenmesine olanak sağlamaktadır.
İşyeri Dışlanmasının Bilgi Paylaşımına Etkisinde Örgütsel Sessizliğin Aracı Rolü
Authors: BOZDOĞAN Süleyman Cem
Published: October 2021

İşyeri dışlanmasının temel çalışan ve örgütsel sonuçlar üzerindeki zararlı etkisi giderek daha fazla ilgi görmektedir. İşyeri dışlanması başlangıçta bireylerin diğer çalışanlar tarafından dışlanması, görmezden gelinmesi veya göz ardı edilmesi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. İşyeri dışlanması yaygın görülen bir tür soğuk şiddettir. İşyerinde dışlandığını hisseden çalışanlar, örgüt için çok önemli olan bilgileri kendilerine saklamaktadırlar. Dışlanmış çalışanlar kendilerini daha az önemli hissedebileceklerinden sosyalleşme süreci, örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı ve bilgi paylaşımı gibi ekstra rol davranışları sergilemekten kaçınabilmektedirler. Sessizlik olarak adlandırılan bu davranış kurumun rekabet avantajı elde etmesine önemli oranda ket vurabilmektedir. Örgütlerde yaygın bir iş yeri fenomeni olarak, bilgi saklama şirketlere ciddi ekonomik kayıplara neden olabilmektedir. İşyeri ilişkilerinin, çalışanların bilgi paylaşma isteğini artırmada önemli bir rol oynadığı göz önüne alındığında, mevcut makale işyeri dışlanması ve bilgi paylaşımı arasındaki bağlantıyı incelemektedir. İşyeri dışlanması, bilgi paylaşımı ve örgütsel sessizlik üzerindeki etkiyi inceleyen az sayıda çalışma olması çalışmanın literatüre katkısını arttırmaktadır. Bu araştırma, işyeri dışlanmasının örgütleri iki yolla etkileme kapasitesine sahip olduğunu savunurken, bilgiyi gizlemek ve sessizlik davranışı sergilemek gibi iki perspektifi de birleştirmesiyle katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu araştırmanın istatistiksel popülasyonu Osmaniye’nin Kadirli ilçesinde faaliyet gösteren Organize Sanayi KOBİ çalışanlarını içermektedir. Pandemi şartlarını göz önüne alarak veriler internet üzerinden toplanmıştır. SPSS AMOS programı kullanılarak yapısal eşitlik modeli analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. İstatistiksel sonuçlar, işyeri dışlanmasının örgütsel sessizliği olumlu yönde etkilediğini gösterirken, bilgi paylaşımını da olumsuz yönde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Buna ek olarak işyeri dışlanması ve bilgi paylaşımı arasındaki ilişkide örgütsel sessizliğin aracı rolü doğrulanmıştır.
Efeitos das aposentadorias por tempo de contribuição e por idade sobre saúde e bem-estar dos indivíduos no Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigo Carvalho , Coelho Rachel Helena
Published: October 2021

Resumo: O processo de envelhecimento da população brasileira diante das diversidades de características populacionais e territoriais do país incentivou o estudo realizado acerca dos efeitos das aposentadorias sobre saúde e bem-estar. Nesse sentido, são analisados os efeitos das aposentadorias no Brasil por idade e tempo de contribuição por meio de medidas de saúde geral autoavaliada, sintomas depressivos da escala CES-D e rendas domiciliar e individual do responsável pelo domicílio. As análises também foram desagregadas por gênero e localidade. O método utilizado foi o Propensity Score Matching com dados de 9.412 indivíduos com 50 anos ou mais, obtidos do Estudo Longitudinal da Saúde dos Idosos Brasileiros (ELSI-Brasil), coletados nos anos de 2015 e 2016. Sobre a saúde geral autoavaliada, há aumento na probabilidade de avaliação da saúde como boa ou excelente para as mulheres da zona urbana, tanto para as que aposentaram por tempo de contribuição, em mais de 9%, como por idade, em mais de 7%. Há redução na probabilidade de presença de sintomas depressivos para as mulheres que aposentaram por tempo de contribuição em 11%, e, para homens da zona rural, há redução em mais de 16%. Já sobre a renda, os efeitos são de aumentos expressivos para todos os subgrupos. A pesquisa buscou contribuir para mitigar a escassez de evidências sobre efeitos das aposentadorias no Brasil, e, em geral, os resultados sugerem que os efeitos das aposentadorias sobre a saúde e o bem-estar dos indivíduos são benéficos, contudo, bastante heterogêneos entre homens e mulheres das zonas rural e urbana.
Fatores sociodemográficos, alimentares e hábitos de vida associados à maior adiposidade corporal em adolescentes de São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil
Authors: Santana Karen das Graças Ferreira Passos , Bragança Maylla Luanna Barbosa Martins , Oliveira Bianca Rodrigues de , Coelho Carla Cristine Nascimento da Silva , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da
Published: October 2021

Resumo: O objetivo do estudo foi verificar os fatores associados à elevada adiposidade corporal em adolescentes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal tendo como fonte de dados uma coorte de nascimentos iniciada em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil, em 1997/1998 e reentrevistada em 2016. A adiposidade corporal foi mensurada por meio de pletismografia por deslocamento de ar. Variáveis sociodemográficas, hábitos de vida e alimentares foram incluídos como possíveis fatores associados à elevada adiposidade corporal, sendo estratificada por sexo. A adiposidade corporal foi considerada elevada quando ≥ 25% para o sexo masculino e ≥ 30% para o sexo feminino. Verificaram-se maiores prevalências de alta adiposidade corporal nas adolescentes do sexo feminino que tinham 19 anos (RP = 1,17; IC95%: 1,02-1,35), que consumiam bebida alcoólica (RP = 1,14; IC95%: 1,00-1,30), as que nunca faziam o desjejum (RP = 1,46; IC95%: 1,17-1,81) ou o almoço (RP = 1,51; IC95%: 1,18-1,93). Os adolescentes do sexo masculino que tinham maior prevalência de elevada adiposidade corporal eram ativos fisicamente (RP = 1,49; IC95%: 1,07-2,09). Menor prevalência de elevada adiposidade corporal foi encontrada nos adolescentes do sexo masculino pertencentes à classe econômica D/E (RP = 0,38; IC95%: 0,16-0,90). Conclui-se que adolescentes do sexo feminino de 19 anos, que consumiam bebida alcoólica, e as que não costumavam fazer o desjejum e o almoço tinham maior adiposidade corporal, assim como os adolescentes do sexo masculino ativos fisicamente. Enquanto adolescentes do sexo masculino pertencentes à classe socioeconômica D/E tinham menor adiposidade corporal.
COVID-19 como sindemia: modelo teórico e fundamentos para a abordagem abrangente em saúde
Authors: Bispo Júnior José Patrício , Santos Djanilson Barbosa dos
Published: October 2021

Este ensaio tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir o quadro teórico da sindemia da COVID-19. Na primeira parte, são apresentados os fundamentos e princípios da teoria sindêmica. Adotou-se o conceito de sindemia como processo de interação sinérgica entre duas ou mais doenças, no qual os efeitos se potencializam mutuamente. Foram discutidas as três principais tipologias de interação sindêmica: epidemias mutuamente causais; epidemias interagindo sinergicamente; e epidemias causais em série. Na segunda parte, a COVID-19 é analisada como uma sindemia resultante da interação entre vários grupos de doenças e o contexto socioeconômico. O modelo teórico considerou a interação entre COVID-19 e doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, doenças infecciosas e parasitárias e problemas de saúde mental. Abordou-se como as iniquidades sociais e as condições de vulnerabilidade atuam em diversos níveis e potencializam a atuação da COVID-19 e das demais pandemias. Na última seção, discute-se a necessidade de respostas abrangentes, multisetoriais e integradas ao enfrentamento da COVID-19. Foi apresentado um modelo de intervenção envolvendo as dimensões assistencial e socioeconômica. No âmbito assistencial, defendeu-se a estruturação de sistemas de saúde fortes, responsivos e acessíveis a toda a população. A dimensão econômica e social abordou o resgate dos ideais de solidariedade, da estratégia da promoção da saúde e a ênfase sobre os determinantes sociais. Conclui-se que as lições aprendidas com a abordagem sindêmica da COVID-19 exortam governos e a sociedade para o desenvolvimento de políticas que articulem intervenções clínicas, sanitárias, socioeconômicas e ambientais.
Condicionalidades de saúde no Programa Bolsa Família e a vigilância alimentar e nutricional: narrativas de profissionais da atenção primária à saúde
Authors: Damião Jorginete de Jesus , Lobato Evelyne , Silva Juliana Paulo e , Silva Claudia Valéria Cardim da , Castro Luciana Maria Cerqueira , Maldonado Luciana Azevedo , Ribeiro Alexandro Alves
Published: October 2021

Resumo: Buscou-se compreender as narrativas dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde do Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, sobre os desafios e as potencialidades das ações de vigilância alimentar e nutricional, no contexto do Programa Bolsa Família, frente aos limites de sua implementação. Trata-se de pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, avaliativa e participativa. Foram realizados, entre 2018 e 2019, cinco grupos focais (GF) com 60 profissionais de nível superior de 24 unidades de saúde e um GF com 13 agentes comunitários de saúde. Com base no material transcrito dos GF foram construídas narrativas para cada grupo, produzindo uma síntese dos núcleos argumentais presentes nas falas. Posteriormente, foram realizados cinco grupos hermenêuticos para validação das narrativas e aprofundamento das discussões. No último encontro foram identificados os problemas e propostas relacionadas ao acompanhamento do Programa Bolsa Família. Na prática, o acompanhamento das condicionalidades é reduzido a “pesar e medir” as pessoas, sem que necessariamente se realize o diagnóstico nutricional para identificação de casos de risco e intervenção. Práticas como o “mutirão” no final da vigência do Programa Bolsa Família e a realização de medidas antropométricas pelos agentes comunitários de saúde, sem vinculação com a agenda das linhas de cuidado existentes, contribuem para este cenário. Prevalece uma visão burocrática dessas condicionalidades de saúde, apenas para garantir que a família não tenha o benefício cortado e o cumprimento das metas de gestão do Programa Bolsa Família. Ao longo da pesquisa, os profissionais construíram uma reflexão crítica desta prática e reconheceram sua potencialidade para o cuidado em saúde e nutrição das famílias.
Diagnosis Accuracy of Baptista Depression Scale: Adult and Screening Versions
Authors: Gonçalves André Pereira , Baptista Makilim Nunes , Villemor-Amaral Anna Elisa de , Carvalho Lucas de Francisco
Published: October 2021

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of the Baptista Depression Scale adult and screening versions (EBADEP-A and EBADEP-screening) for discrimination of people with a major depressive episode (MDE) or major depressive disorder (MDD) and to compare discriminative capacities. Participants were 187 people, 52 patients, and 135 non-clinical individuals. Results indicated sensitivity equal to 0.92 and specificity equal to 0.88 for EBADEP-A (cut-off = 54), and 0.96 and 0.82, respectively, for EBADEP-screening (cut-off = 17). Findings suggest equivalence between the two versions of EBADEP to discriminate people with MDE or MDD. Results indicate that the two versions can provide a correct diagnostic indicative for MDE and MDD.
Contribuições para análise da gênese e uso coletivo do território em comunidades faxinalenses
Authors: Struwka Solange
Published: October 2021

Resumo Apresentamos neste artigo indícios explicativos sobre a gênese, a transmissão e a manutenção ativa de costumes e tradições de uso coletivo do território pelos integrantes das comunidades faxinalenses. Os dados empíricos foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas com moradores de duas comunidades, localizadas na região centro-oeste do Paraná. Identificamos a gênese desse modo de vida atrelada a dois grupos étnicos ligados aos povos originários. Além disso, apresentamos evidências de como os conhecimentos e as práticas sociais foram repassados, aprendidos e mantidos ativamente por outros grupos sociais que constituem o que atualmente são as comunidades faxinalenses. A análise evidencia as relações dessa tradição com o acumulado histórico dos povos latino-americanos, contrapondo-se às interpretações abstratas e colonizadas que relacionam sua gênese às experiências europeias, assim como contribui para a compreensão desse modo de vida a partir das relações e práticas de apropriação social da natureza estabelecidas no território de uso coletivo.
Efeitos do isolamento na pandemia por COVID-19 no comportamento de crianças e adolescentes com autismo
Authors: Givigi Rosana Carla do Nascimento , Silva Raquel Souza , Menezes Edênia da Cunha , Santana João Rafael Santos , Teixeira Clayne Mirelle Pereira
Published: October 2021

Com a pandemia da COVID-19 a Organização Mundial da Saúde declarou estado de emergência de saúde pública. O isolamento tem transformado as relações sociais de crianças e adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo. Este estudo objetivou analisar os efeitos do isolamento no comportamento desses sujeitos. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de caráter transversal, no qual pais ou responsáveis responderam um questionário online. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram que o confinamento acentuou os sintomas do autismo. Conclui-se que são necessárias medidas de intervenções com os sujeitos e suas famílias.
Habilidades Sociales y Aprendizaje Cooperativo el la Inclusión de Estudiantes con Necesidades Educativas Específicas
Authors: ESPINOSA Ignacio PERLADO LAMO DE , SEIJO Juan Carlos TORREGO , MARTÍNEZ Yolanda MUÑOZ
Published: October 2021

RESUMEN Este estudio analiza cómo al trabajar con la metodología del aprendizaje cooperativo en el aula, los alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales pueden mejorar en sus habilidades sociales obteniendo mejores aprendizajes. Se realiza en el contexto del programa de formación docente universitaria del Experto en Aprendizaje Cooperativo online de la Universidad de Alcalá, en España. La metodología utilizada es de corte cualitativo en base a un diseño de estudio de casos desarrollado durante 6 años (2011 al 2017). Los participantes fueron 176 profesores de centros educativos españoles que cumplían los requisitos. Las acciones realizadas implicaron a un total de 3.964 estudiantes, de los cuales, 406 presentaban algún tipo de necesidad específica. Los resultados reflejan la influencia en las habilidades sociales de los alumnos con necesidades al trabajar con la metodología del aprendizaje cooperativo. Se concluye que para la mejora de las habilidades sociales del alumnado con necesidades es necesario que el docente potencie acciones que promuevan las habilidades sociales de estos alumnos a través del aprendizaje cooperativo y de las propuestas diversificadas, planificadas y ajustadas a sus necesidades concretas, dándoles la oportunidad de trabajar de forma conjunta con sus compañeros.
Damming in the Madeira River modifies the food spectrum of piscivorous and affects their resource partitioning
Authors: Lonardoni Alessandra Pasian , Röpke Cristhiana Paula , Melo Taís , Torrente-Vilara Gislene
Published: October 2021

Abstract Phylogenetic proximity suggests some degree of diet similarity among species. Usually, studies of diet show that species coexistence is allowed by partitioning food resources. We evaluate how visually oriented piscivorous fishes (Characiformes) share prey before and after building the Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) in the Madeira River (Brazil), the largest muddy-water tributary of the Amazon River. Piscivorous species (Acestrorhynchus falcirostris, Acestrorhynchus heterolepis, Hydrolycus scomberoides, and Rhaphiodon vulpinus) were sampled under pristine (pre-HPP) and disturbed (post-HPP) environmental conditions. We analyzed species abundance and stomach contents for stomach fullness and prey composition to check variations between congeneric and non-congeneric species. The percent volume of prey taxa was normalized by stomach fullness and grouped into the taxonomic family level to determine diet, niche breadth, and overlap. Only R. vulpinus abundance increased in post-HPP. There was no significant variation in niche breadth between the periods, while niche overlap decreased in congeneric and non-congeneric species. Our results indicate that river impoundment affected piscivorous fishes in distinct ways and modified their resource partitioning. Therefore, evaluate interspecific interactions is a required tool to understand how fishes respond to river damming.
Headley’s The Mere Wife: Diffused Satire in a troubling piece of Beowulfiana
Authors: Hume Kathryn
Published: October 2021

Focus on Grendel's Mother leads us to expect a feminist attack on male heroic narrative, but Maria Dahvana Headley offers us a complex and nuanced look at parent-child, upper-lower class, and male-female patterns of interaction in this novel symbiotic upon the Anglo-Saxon BEOWULF. Since the attacks sometimes seem contradictory, I use diffused satire theory to separate the various kinds of satire, show where contradictions and ambiguities occur, and show how they can be resolved. Headley makes the point that you need to hear from all the voices in an event, not just from the last one who writes the history. What she does is give us those various voices and goad us to work out our personal positions on the issues for which she offers no easy satiric answer. <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face{font-family:"Cambria Math";panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:roman;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face{font-family:Calibri;panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:swiss;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073732485 9 0 511 0;} /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin:0in;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}size:8.5in 11.0in;margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;mso-header-margin:.5in;mso-footer-margin:.5in;mso-paper-source:0;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}
Analysis of the expression of polyamine biosynthesis genes in nodules of the garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) and the effect of exogenous treatment with polyamines on their development
Authors: Ivanova Kira A. , Tsyganov Viktor E.
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: Polyamines are acting as signaling molecules during adaptation to stressful environment and as regulators of plant development. In plants, polyamines are represented mainly by putrescine, spermidine and spermine. The concentration of polyamines in symbiotic nodules of some legumes is 510 times higher than in the other organs, which indicates their important role in the formation and functioning of symbiotic nodules.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the expression of genes encoding polyamine biosynthesis enzymes in symbiotic nodules, as well as the effect of exogenous polyamines on the nodule number and the average nodule weight in wild-type SGE plants and symbiotic pea mutants SGEFix-1 (sym40-1) and SGEFix-2 (sym33-3).
RESULTS: The comparable expression level of arginine decarboxylase gene (PsADC) was observed in all analyzed nodules, whereas the expression level of ornithine decarboxylase gene (PsODC), was highly increased in nodules of SGEFix-2 (sym33-3) mutant. Treatment of the root system with a 0.1 mM solution of polyamines mixture led to an increase in the average weight of the nodule in wild-type plants and in the SGEFix-2 (sym33-3) mutant plants.
CONCLUSIONS: It was shown that the main pathway of putrescine synthesis in wild-type pea symbiotic nodules is the arginine pathway, while the ornithine pathway is probably associated with activation of plant defense reactions. Polyamines acting, apparently, through ethylene, affect the functioning of the nodule meristem.
Association of VEGF +405 C > G (rs2010963) polymorphism with susceptibility of metabolic syndrome: Cardio-metabolic risk factors and serum Matrix Metaloproteinase-3 concentrations
Authors: Nikniaz Leila , Abbasalizad-Farhangi Mahdieh
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND: In the present study we investigated the role of +405 VEGF gene polymorphism in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and to explore its association with several biochemical risk factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: VEGF +405 single nucleotide polymorphism were genotyped in 150 patients with metabolic syndrome and 50 healthy individuals using the PCR-RFLP method. Serum levels of biochemical variables were assessed by commercial ELISA technique.

RESULTS: GC genotype was more prevalent among patients with metabolic syndrome. In GC genotype, patients with metabolic syndrome had higher waist to hip ratio, WHR, triglyceride, and lower high density lipoprotein and alanine aminotransferase concentrations compared with the control group.

CONCLUSIONS: The current study demonstrated that +405 VEGF gene polymorphism was a potent predictor of metabolic abnormalities in patients with metabolic syndrome. Further studies with larger sample size are needed to clarify these associations properly.
Polymorphism of the cytochrome P450 CYP1A1 (Ile462Val) gene in the populations of Balkars and Karachays
Authors: Dzhaubermezov Murat A. , Mingazheva Elvira T. , Axberg Darya S. , Ekomasova Natalya V. , Khusnutdinova Elsa K.
Published: October 2021

BACKGRAUND: Cytochrome P450 is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of phase I xenobiotics, toxins, endogenous hormones and pharmaceuticals.

AIM: Is studying the polymorphism of the CYP1A1 gene (Ile462Val, rs1048943) in the Turkic-speaking populations of the central part of the North Caucasus Region (Balkars and Karachays).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed DNA isolated from leukocytes of peripheral venous blood of a total of 177 unrelated Balkars and Karachays (104 Balkars, 73 Karachays).

RESULTS: The ethnicity of the studied individuals was established, indicating their ancestors up to the third generation. The method of genotyping was performed by real-time PCR using competing TaqMan probes. As a result: the frequency of the 462Val variant in the sample of Balkars was 8,6% (95% CI 5,2113,33), slightly above the frequency range found in European populations. In the sample of Karachays, the frequency of the 462Val allele was 7,5% (95% CI 9,8213.08), which is the upper limit of values typical for European populations.

CONCLUSION: In the Turkic-speaking populations of the central part of the North Caucasus, the CYP1A1 462Val allele occurs with a frequency characteristic of the Near Eastern and European populations.
Comparative study of oxiport laryngoscope blade versus miller laryngoscope blade for intubation in neonates and infants during general anesthesia, a prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Gandhi Nimit , Bhatt Swati , Goswami Anisha
Published: October 2021

Neonates and infants are prone to oxygen desaturation during the induction of general anethesia. Pharyngeal oxygen insufflation has been shown to delay the onset and severity of desaturation during apnea. We took this comparative study with the hypothesis that Oxiport Blade delays the time of onset as well as severity of desaturation as compared to Miller Blade.

Eighty neonates and infants undergoing general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups:-Oxiport or Miller. (Laryngoscopy performed with Oxiport or Miller Blade respectively). Results were observed in terms of lowest SPO2 attained during Intubation with each Blade, time for 1% desaturation from baseline, desaturation rate, time for intubation and Heart rate.

Data from 80 patients were available for final analysis: Oxiport(n=40)-Group O and Miller(n=40)-Group M. Mean lowest SPO2 attained during laryngoscopy in Group O was 97.77±2.81 and with Group M was 92.42±3.71 with a P-value<0.001. The Rate of Saturation achieved in Group O was 0.091±0.018 sec as compared to 0.342±0.122 sec in Group M and p value was <0.001. The time for 1% desaturation from baseline in Group O was 17.69±3.18 sec as compared to 10.4 ±2.09 sec in Group M with p value<0.001. The time for intubation and average heart rate were comparable in both the groups.

Apnoeic Laryngeal Oxygen insufflation with Oxiport Blade decreases the incidence and severity of desaturation during intubation in neonates and infants.
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine, midazolam and propofol for sedation of post operative patients on mechanical ventilation- An open label randomised control trial
Authors: Paul Surajit , Majumdar Vaskar
Published: October 2021

Mechanical ventilation is a life-sustaining therapy for the treatment of patients with acute respiratory failure. One of the key factors for good clinical practice in the ICU is to provide adequate sedation. An ideal sedative should provide a rapid onset, a rapid recovery. On this background the present study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine, propofol and midazolam for sedating property, hemodynamic effects and analgesic.

It is an open label, single blinded randomized control trial. Census sampling is planned for recruitment which will have maximum power and type I error <0.05.

This study is carried out in 39 adult patients with Glasgow coma scale score of 9-15, Patients were divided randomly into three groups of 13 each. Group M patients received IV inj. Midazolam loading dose 0.15mg/kg followed by maintenance dose of 0.02-0.1mg/kg/hour. Group P patients received intravenous inj. Propofol loading dose of 1.5mg/kg followed by continuous infusion of 1-6 mg/kg/hr. Group D patients received intravenous inj. Dexmedetomidine loading dose of 1μg/kg followed by maintenance dose of 0.2-0.5 μg/kg/hr of continuous infusion by infusion pump. Desired depth of sedation was assessed by Ramsay Sedation Score.

The difference in mean age and ASA status among the three groups are not statistically significant. There is no statistical significance of sex & GCS status of the patients of these three groups. In our study, difference of mean HR at different time interval was not statistically significant. But the fall in Heart Rate is more in Group D and Group M than in Group P. The mean heart rate is less in Group D compared to Group M and Group P after 45 minutes of infusion. We found that difference of mean SBP & DBP at different time interval was not statistically significant. In overall Dexmedetomidine Group showed stable RSS score throughout the time interval (between RSS 2 to 3). One patient in Dexmedetomidine group developed bradycardia. Mean opioid at 24th hour was significantly higher in group M than other group and difference was statistically significant and post sedation delirium was not statistically significant.

In this study we found that difference of mean hemodynamic parameters at different time interval in three drugs was not statistically significant. The Heart Rate remain lower in Dexmedetomidine Group compared to Midazolam and Propofol Group after 45 minutes of infusion.
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine with Fentanyl and Pentazocine – Promethazine in patients undergoing dilation and curettage in monitored anesthesia care
Authors: Aggarwal Akanksha , Mahajan Divya
Published: October 2021

Dilatation and curettage (D and C) is an essential and common minor surgery in obstetrics and gynecology. Sedation, hypnosis and analgesia are used in combination for such short procedures. These days conscious sedation is provided to patients for day care surgeries which includes analgesia, sedation and anxiolysis while rapid recovery is ensured without side effects. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha-2 agonist that provides anxiolysis and conscious sedation without respiratory depression.

It was to study the effect of dexemedetomidine with fentanyl versus Pentazocine with promethazine on hemodynamic stability and recovery during sedation in dilatation and curettage procedure. The comparison included the hemodynamic data and recovery time. The effect of the drugs on hemodynamics and monitoring the occurrence of any complication were also done.

In our study, 50 patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups; group DF received dexmedetomidine loading dose 1 μg/kg over 10 min and followed by 0.5 μg/kg/hr infusion till completion of surgery and group PP received pentazocine 0.5 mg/kg (max 30mg) and Promethazine 12.5 mg slow intravenous Bolus.

Dexmedetomidine is a safe drug which provides good hemodynamics and less recovery time. It also exerts sedative and analgesic effects without respiratory depression unlike most analgesic/sedative drugs, such as ketamine, pentazocine and benzodiazepines.

This study demonstrates that dexmedetomidine is a safe drug with good hemodynamic and recovery profile. Dexmedetomidine administration showed better preservation of MAP and SpO2.
Six minute walk test for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in high risk patients undergoing major abdominal elective surgery
Authors: Prajapati Payal P , Mehta Pancham H , Aghara Aniket , Mehta Kamla H
Published: October 2021

The morbidity and mortality of patients are increased when postoperative pulmonary complications occurs. To prevent postoperative pulmonary complications, thorough preoperative cardiopulmonary functional assessment is required.

To study was the preoperative 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and to determine the association of 6 minute walk distance with postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) in patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia.

The study was done in 60 adult high risk patients who were undergoing planned elective abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia. Patients having acute coronary disease, NYHA IV, unable to walk etc. were excluded.

Preoperatively 6MWT was conducted according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines and patients were observed for PPC until they discharged from the hospital or died. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software

A total of 60 patients were recruited into the study. 6MWT was done completely in all cases without any complications. Out of the 60 patients, 32 patients had no PPC (group 1) and 28 patients had PPC (group 2). The 6MWD of group with PPCs was significantly less (344 ± 61.927 m) compared to the group without PPCs (442.28 ± 83.194 m, P value = 0.001). The cut off 6MWD obtained was 390 m, which correlated with longer duration of hospital stay and ICU stay (P = 0.001).

A multiple regression analysis showed elderly, smoker and shorter 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) were the independent factors associated with PPC.

6MWT is a reliable predictor of postoperative pulmonary complications with a cutoff 6MWD of 390m in the high risk elderly patients posted for upper abdominal surgery patients.
To compare the hemodynamic effects of the infusion of both intravenous induction anaesthetic agents Etomidate and Propofol under bispectral index guidance
Authors: Chauhan Renu , Lalchandani Kavita , Upadhyay M R
Published: October 2021

Intravenous anaesthetic agents are preferred to induce anaesthesia in day to day practice because of rapid and smoother action with fewer risks. An ideal induction agent for general anaesthesia should have hemodynamic stability, minimal respiratory side effects and rapid clearance.

This is a prospective, randomised, single blind, control study of total 60 patients.This study was carried out in Department of Anaesthesiology, at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital over a period of 1 year. In this study, a total of 60 patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia were randomized into two groups comprising of 30 patients in each group using envelop method. Group A- Patients received Inj. Etomidate infusion at the rate of 0.05 mg/kg/min through syringe infusion pump, and Group B – Patients received Inj. Propofol infusion at the rate of 0.5 mg/kg/min through syringe infusion pump.

The hemodynamic response during induction of general Anaesthesia using Inj. Etomidate and Inj. Propofol under BIS guidance. There was no statistically significant difference observed in mean time taken for induction in both the groups. Mean consumed dose for Etomidate was 0.18+0.05 mg/kg and for Propofol group was 1.82+0.34 mg/kg. There was statistically significant fall in mean arterial blood pressure observed in Group B compared to Group A during and after induction up to 7 minutes. After that there was no significant difference observed in both the groups.

: Propofol resulted in hypotension and bradycardia even with the reduced doses given with BIS- guided protocol. However, Etomidate provides more hemodynamic stability during induction and in post induction period also. So, Etomidate can be a better choice of agent for induction of General Anaesthesia as compared to Propofol.