bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integración, inclusión y justicia social: Reflexiones desde las normativas inclusivas en la educación chilena
Authors: Véliz Jorquera Paulina , Martínez María Jesús , Parra Muñoz Hugo , Garrido Reyes Catalina
Published: May 2020

Desde 2009, el sistema educacional chileno ha vivido una serie de ajustes y reformas estructurales tendientes a construir escuelas inclusivas que responden a las demandas sociales de equidad y calidad. Este proceso, con continuidades y rupturas, es abordado en este estudio para comprender los sentidos y alcances de lo que se ha comprendido por sistema educativo inclusivo orientado a la justicia social. En este contexto presentamos el despliegue analítico de una investigación cualitativa desarrollada entre los años 2017-2019 que cuestiona sobre los sentidos discursivos latentes en las políticas educativas en Chile en torno a la diversidad e inclusión en el sistema educacional. Se desarrolla una investigación política documental cualitativa, con un enfoque teórico hermenéutico con aspectos críticos. Este proceso investigativo ha encontrado que las configuraciones y reestructuraciones -a nivel paradigmático y social- que han emergido desde las políticas educativas responden a una fuente integradora y no a una matriz inclusiva; esto bajo una declaración discursiva relativa a la intención de entregar servicios educacionales de calidad y equitativos a la población escolar, que presenten o no condición de discapacidad. Otro resultado destacado en este artículo hace referencia a los cambios  emergentes que se observaron durante el tránsito desde el enfoque integrativo al inclusivo; aspectos como los modos de materialización del discurso inclusivo en las aulas regulares, aquellos que proponen la diversificación de enseñanza y la eliminación de barreras frente al aprendizaje. Finalmente, el artículo reflexiona sobre el sustento y el análisis del recorrido de las políticas públicas educativas de carácter inclusivo que se han promulgado en la última década en Chile, declarando los silencios y contradicciones entre ellas.
Procoagulatio, hypercoagulatio és fibrinolysis „shut down” kimutatása ClotPro® viszkoelasztikus tesztek segítségével COVID–19-betegekben.
Authors: Zátroch István , Smudla Anikó , Babik Barna , Tánczos Krisztián , Kóbori László , Szabó Zsuzsanna , Fazakas János
Published: May 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Nemzetközi tapasztalatok alapján a
COVID–19-fertőzött, kórházban kezelt betegek több mint 30%-ában vénás, artériás
és microvascularis thrombosis, disszeminált intravascularis véralvadási zavar,
illetve thromboembolia alakul ki. Ennek laboratóriumi jellemzői a magas D-dimer-
és fibrinogénszint, valamint a megnyúlt prothrombinidő és aktivált parciális
thromboplastinidő. Módszer: Az esetbemutatások során intenzív
osztályon kezelt, COVID–19-fertőzött betegek (n = 3) ClotPro®
trombolasztométeres (EX-test, IN-test, FIB-test, RVV-test és TPA-test)
eredményeit értékeltük a klinikai állapottal összefüggésben.
Eredmények: A ClotPro®-paraméterek procoagulatiót,
hypercoagulatiót, fibrinolysist vagy annak „shut down” megnyilvánulását
jelezték, és összhangban voltak a hagyományos alvadási tesztekkel, illetve a
kompenzált disszeminált intravascularis coagulopathia meghatározásával.
Következtetés: Eredményeink magyarázatot adhatnak a vénás
thromboemboliás szövődményekre, támogatják a terápiás alvadásgátló kezelés és a
thrombocytaaggregáció-gátlás fontosságát. A gyógyszer típusának, adagolási
algoritmusának, optimális időtartamának meghatározásához intervenciós klinikai
vizsgálatok szükségesek, ezek engedélyeztetése folyamatban van. Orv Hetil. 2020;
161(22): 899–907.
Respuesta magnética de un superconductor inmerso en un campo de calor.
Authors: Vargas-Ramírez Omar Yamid , Silva-Mosquera Oscar , Barba-Ortega José José
Published: May 2020

En este trabajo aplicamos la teoría Ginzburg-Landau dependiente del tiempo (TDGL) para calcular la magnetización M(H), la configuración de vórtices y la densidad de corriente de muestras mesoscópicas en materiales superconductores sometidos a diferentes gradientes lineales de temperatura. Resolvemos las TDGL en una película delgada cuadrada, inmersa en un campo magnético externo homogéneo H(t) aplicado perpendicularmente a su superficie. Observamos que los vórtices ingresan a menores campos magnéticos cuando la temperatura de la muestra es mayor. A su vez el ingreso de lo vórtices siempre ocurre por la superficie a mayor temperatura.
Global Trade and GDP Co-Movement
Authors: de Soyres Francois , Gaillard Alexandre
Published: May 2020

We revisit the association between trade and GDP comovement for 135 countries from 1970 to 2009. Guided by a simple theory, we introduce two notions of trade linkages: (i) the usual direct bilateral trade index and (ii) new indexes of common exposure to third countries capturing the role of similarity in trade networks. Both measures are economically and statistically associated with GDP correlation, suggesting an additional channel through which GDP fluctuations propagate through trade linkages. Moreover, high income countries become more synchronized when the content of their trade is tilted toward inputs while trade in final goods is key for low income countries. Finally, we present evidence that the density of the international trade network is associated with an amplification of the association between global trade flows and bilateral GDP comovement, leading to a significant evolution of the trade comovement slope over the last two decades.
A Study on the Feedback of College English Dynamic Classified Teaching Effect
Authors: Zhao Lei
Published: May 2020

This paper makes a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods in the form of a questionnaire and interview to collect the students’ feedback, which can be used for future designs of college students’ cultivation. The results show that: first, in CET-4, the English proficiency of students in Category A is significantly better than that in Category B. Second, Category A has a more positive attitude towards classification criteria, curriculum, teaching materials and dynamic setting, while Category B shows more negative attitudes. With regard to the purpose, necessity and effect of classified teaching, Category A and Category B have basically the same attitude, and most of them choose to be partially affirmed, indicating that the classified teaching model is positive on the whole, but it has its own shortcomings and needs to be improved. Third, classroom teaching should combine students' individual differences with common differences to strengthen the cultivation of students' comprehensive application ability.
On Teachers and Students’ Interaction
Authors: Yu Rongmei
Published: May 2020

The object of this paper is the interaction between teachers and students in classroom. Starting with the concept of interaction, the final goal is that teachers and students can participate widely in teaching activities and students can acquire knowledge and improve their personality under happy condition. Besides, the interaction action is analysed in three aspects of language interaction, emotion interaction and learning motivation. And then quite a little ways are offered to help to develop a duplex interactive model. At last, the paper will introduce a new way of interaction. That is to say that we can join the classroom and Internet to achieve a better effect of interaction.
The 1922 Peninsula Malaysia Earthquakes: Rare Intraplate Seismicity within the Sundaland Block in Southeast Asia
Authors: Martin Stacey Servito , Wang Yu , Muzli Muzli , Wei Shengji
Published: May 2020

Seismic hazard in the southern Malay Peninsula located within the Sundaland block in Southeast Asia is poorly understood. The paucity of historical earthquakes and low-magnitude instrumented seismicity has led to the assumption that this region is largely aseismic. We question this point of view by reassessing historical seismicity in this region and, in particular, a pair of moderate earthquakes in the 1920s. The first of these struck on 31 January 1922 at ≈9:10  a.m. local time (LT) for which we estimate an intensity magnitude (MI) ≈5.4, and for the second earthquake on 7 February 1922 at ≈12:15  p.m. LT, we estimate MI≈5.0. We also identify at least 34 felt earthquakes between 1803 and 1950 that were potentially local within the Sundaland block. These include a very widely felt shock (or set of shocks) on 26 June 1874 that was felt in parts of Borneo, Java, and Sumatra. The discovery of these earthquakes challenges the tectonic stability of the Malay Peninsula and the stable interior of the Sundaland block. The record of historical seismicity in this region relies heavily on European sources, and we recommend locating and consulting indigenous sources to improve the current understanding of regional seismic hazard. We also underscore the need to evaluate the impact of ground motions from rare local earthquakes on the extant building stock and on transportation infrastructure that are otherwise relatively immune to the long-period effects of distant earthquakes commonly felt in the Malay Peninsula.
Information Lifecycle Governance (ILG)
Authors: Lambrechts Jan
Published: May 2020

Over-retention of data with no value leads to increased cost and risk, and reduces the capacity of organisations to identify and leverage valuable business data. Information Lifecycle Governance (ILG) provides a structured, strategic approach to reducing data growth, cost and risk, while providing the policies, processes and technology to move from a reactive to a proactive state of information management and maximise the value of information.
Towards Green and Soft: 5G Design Considerations
Authors: Chih-Lin I  , Shuangfeng Han  , Zhikun Xu  , Zhengang Pan
Published: May 2020

As the commercial deployment of 4G systems is picking up, technologists worldwide are beginning to search for next-generation wireless solutions to meet the anticipated demands in the 2020 era given the explosive growth of mobile Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT). This article presents our perspectives of the 5G technologies with two major themes: Green and Soft. By rethinking the Shannon theorem and traditional cell-centric design, network capacity can be significantly increased while network power consumption is steady or even decreased. The feasibility of the combination of Green and Soft is investigated through five interconnected areas of research: energy efficiency and spectral efficiency co-design, no more cells, rethinking signalling/control, invisible base stations, and full duplex radio.
Internet connectivity among people experiencing poverty and deprivation
Authors: Wise Sarah
Published: May 2020

Access to the digital world can have a positive impact on people’s standard of living, life capabilities, sense of inclusion and wellbeing, and is fast becoming an ‘essential of life’ in developed countries. While the majority of Australians enjoy the benefits that access to the Internet can provide, millions are still missing out on important online services and opportunities. In-depth research is starting to uncover a range of factors that can influence digital inclusion among non-users of the Internet generally. Results from a 2013 Hardship Survey show the disparity in Internet connectivity between people experiencing poverty and deprivation and Australians generally. The paper presents detailed findings from the survey on Internet connectivity. It concludes with suggestions to enhance smartphone usage that might help bridge the ‘digital divide’ for this population subgroup.
Telegraphy and the downfall of the Kelly Gang
Authors: Moorhead Simon
Published: May 2020

Four historical vignettes are provided from the period 1875 to 1880 from the Proceedings of the Telegraph Electrical Society of Victoria ─ the lineal antecedent of today’s TelSoc (Australian Telecommunications Society). The extracts cover Alexander Graham Bell’s invention of the telephone, Telegraphy at the downfall of the Kelly Gang, the speed of the Morse system, and the curious phenomenon of ‘Fighting by Telegraph’.
Acoustic Coupled Disaster & Remote Communications Systems
Authors: Müller-Baumgart Ulf , Gardner-Stephen Paul , Bettison Andrew , Challans Romana , Lakeman Jeremy
Published: May 2020

Following disasters, and in other infrastructure-deprived settings, such as remote areas, the need for communications is profound. However, the ability to provide communications solutions in such situations is extremely difficult because of the lack of functional infrastructure, and the logistical difficulty or impossibility of bringing in additional hardware. Therefore it is important to create communications solutions that can operate using existing locally available hardware. In this paper we describe one possible solution based on acoustic coupling of mobile telephones with existing two-way radios, such as are often carried in remote areas of Australia, and are fitted to many vehicles that are used in such areas. We describe a number of related software systems and some simple experiments that demonstrate the feasibility of the general concept, before describing a possible integration of such technologies with the secure digital communications capabilities offered by the open-source Serval Mesh software. We argue that such an integration is not only possible, but also has the potential to allow secure digital communications in a variety of scenarios, without the need for any new or additional hardware.
Pattern of ophthalmic referral from primary healthcare centres to secondary and tertiary hospitals in Qassim Province, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlHarkan Dora Hamad , Altowayan Rawan Mohammed A. , Alharbi Amjad Mohammed , Aljumaiah Sahar Mohammed , Alhijji Lamia Ibrahim , Alkhezzy Buthaina Suliaman B.
Published: May 2020

Background: References of patients with ocular diseases are an indirect indicator that reflects integration of primary eye care into primary health care system. The study reviewed the ophthalmic references from four randomly selected primary health care centres to ophthalmic unit of secondary and tertiary hospitals in Qassim Province of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This was a retrospective health record review study was undertaken at four PHC centres in Qassim region during the year 2017. All cases referred for eye care from January 2015 until December 2016 were included. Prevalence of ophthalmic reference, profile of ophthalmic patients and ophthalmic diagnosis were analysed.Results: From primary health care centres, 423 eye cases from 1,387,996 population of catchment area were referred. The annual prevalence of eye reference was 1.5 per 10,000. Vision screening and diabetic retinopathy evaluation comprised of 55.5% of total reference.Conclusions: Poor reference pattern from primary health care centers to secondary and tertiary eye centre suggest urgent and strong need of implementing primary eye care in the primary health care centres of Saudi Arabia. Referral of simple eye cases are increasing the workload of ophthalmologists and can delay urgent referrals like cases of diabetic retinopathy screening.
Assessment of outcome and complications of ultrasonography guided pigtail catheter drainage in management of liver abscess
Authors: Errey Anil K. , Singh Santosh K. , Sachan Neha , Singh Vandana
Published: May 2020

Background: Liver abscess (LA) is defined as an encapsulated collection of suppurative material within the liver parenchyma. Liver abscesses are most commonly due to bacterial, amoebic or mixed infections. Less commonly these may be fungal in origin. Liver abscess are associated with mortality of up to 20% and are categorized into various types based on aetiology, of which amoebic (ALA) and pyogenic (PLA) liver abscess are major types. The objective is to evaluate and assess the response of percutaneous pigtail catheter drainage in treatment of liver abscess and to document the complications of liver abscess (LA).Methods: The study was conducted on patients who were admitted from casualty and outpatient department with a diagnosis of liver abscess (LA). 100 patients of LA were included in the study. They were divided into two groups. Group 1 consists of LA patients without associated complications and Group 2 consists of LA patients with associated complications like rupture, jaundice, IVC compression, persistent or recurrent LA.Results: There were 88% males and 12% were females in the study. 30% patients had complications. Out of them, 14 (46.6%) patients of LA presented with intra-peritoneal rupture. 12 (40%) with jaundice, 2 (6.7%) with rupture into pleural cavity and 2 (6.7%) patients had IVC compression. (70%) had involvement of right lobe while minimum patients (12.9%) had bilateral lobe involvement in group 1 and (10%) had involvement of left lobe of liver in group 2.Conclusions: Pigtail insertion and percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) of abscesses, peritoneal or pleural cavity are safe procedures. PCD is a good alternative to open surgical drainage.
Correlation between serum ferritin and gall stones
Authors: Patil Girija , Srinivasan Siddarth , Janakiraman Sriram Prabhu Pandireddiyar
Published: May 2020

Background: The incidence of gall stones is in increasing trend. The old axiom that a typical gall stone sufferer is a fat, fertile, female of fifty, is only partially true, as the disease is found in women soon after their first delivery, in underweight and thin people. So, while searching for other parameters, iron deficiency was found to be a new parameter of interest in the aetiology of gall stones.7Methods: 50 cases of cholelithiasis and 40 cases of anaemia with low serum ferritin levels from September 2017 to August 2019 was studied. Serum iron was estimated by carbonyl metallo-immunoassay method. Serum cholesterol was estimated by the CHOD-POD Enzymatic method. Biliary cholesterol was estimated after extraction of biliary lipids from bile from the gallbladder specimen of the patients by the method of Folch et al which was followed by the procedure similar to the analysis of serum cholesterol by CHOD-POD enzymatic method. Fischer’s chi square exact test was used as statistical method.Results: It was observed that 70% of the group A study group with cholelithiasis had normal serum ferritin levels and 30% had low serum ferritin levels. It was observed that 95% had normal sonographic findings and 5% had cholelithiasis with normal ferritin levels in group B.Conclusions: In our study low serum ferritin levels with cholelithiasis was associated with raised bile cholesterol levels and so it can be concluded that low serum ferritin level is causing biliary stasis and hence leading to increase in the incidence of cholelithiasis.
A study on non-healing plantar diabetic foot ulcers to assess the effect of compliance of using customised footwear in wound healing
Authors: Someshwara Rao Pallela Narayana , Vincent Anil Vince
Published: May 2020

Background: Foot infection is one of the commonest reasons for hospital admission of individuals with diabetes in India. Prescription footwear is an intricate aspect of a treatment program, not a therapy unto itself. Custom-made footwear can only be effective in preventing diabetic foot ulcers if worn by the patient as advised. This study was done in patients who are already prescribed customised footwear and evaluated the need for compliance based on the healing of these plantar foot ulcers.Methods: 85 diabetic patients with severe neuropathy and a non-healing callus ulcer or trophic ulcer (diameter 1-3 cm) for more than 3 months were included in the study. All these patients were followed up on weekly basis for 3 months and questioned about the use of customized footwear on regular basis. At the end of three months, the healing of these foot ulcers was compared based on whether they had been compliant with the customized footwear advice.Results: Of the 85 patients, 25 (29.4%) had shown improvement in wound healing with regular use of footwear. 60 (70.5%) patients who were not using the customized footwear had not shown any improvement in the plantar ulcers. The reasons for not using the recommended footwear were many commonest being wearing footwear only when going out and not inside the home.Conclusions: Non-compliance with customised footwear is emerging as an important cause of delay in wound healing of plantar foot ulcers.
Retrospective analysis of complications in 3600 patients of laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Resutra Ritvik , Gupta Rajive , Gupta Madhu
Published: May 2020

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy results in specific complications which occur frequently as compared to open cholecystectomy. Several aspects of these complications and their treatment modalities were analyzed.Methods: 3600 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by a single surgeon at various private hospitals in Jammu (Jammu and Kashmir), India during the period of 18 years from March 2002 to March 2020 were analyzed for the complications and their management.Results: Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy occurred in 14.5% of the patients. The most common complication was haemorrhage. Conversion to open cholecystectomy was necessary in 41 (1.13%) patients due to obscure anatomy as a result of adhesions and acute inflammation. In the study, 6 deaths (0.16%) were recorded.Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgeon should remain highly vigilant to detect major complications like injury to small gut at the time of entry into the peritoneal cavity or bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy at an earliest and should timely manage such cases to save the life of the patient.
Primary closure of common bile duct versus T-tube placement after open choledocholithotomy
Authors: Seervi Manoj , Verma Deepak , Chand Nemi , Sharma Sarthak
Published: May 2020

Background: Choledocholithiasis is primarily managed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) but in certain situation particularly large and impacted common duct stone, the procedure may not succeed and this small group of patients require either open or laparoscopic common bile duct exploration followed by T-tube insertion. Usually T-Tube cholangiogram is performed on 10th postoperative day and tube is removed on 12-14th day. Alternatively, primary closure of duct after post exploratory choledochoscopy to ensure duct clearance with or without biliary stent can be done.Methods: This study was performed on 25 patients of failed endoscopic extraction, subjected to open choledocholithotomy. Group A (n=7) had T-tube insertion whereas group B (n=18) had primary closure of duct after choledochotomy.Results: 19 patients had calculus cholecystitis whereas 6 patients had prior cholecystectomy and later developed choledocholithiasis. 52% patients had impacted stone and 40% had large stone as a cause of ERCP failure. Postoperative pyrexia, cholangitis, septicemia, sub-hepatic bilious drainage and postoperative hospital stay was higher in T-tube group as compared to primary closure group.Conclusions: Primary closure over the biliary stent after cholecystectomy and/or choledocholithotomy has less morbidity as compared to T-tube insertion and hence should be preferred choice in choledocholithiasis, provided stone free duct is ensured peroperative using choledochoscopy.
A case of retroperitoneal schwannoma
Authors: Parikh Jayesh V. , Dalal Parth R. , Desai Imran D. , Patel Aquibjaved M.
Published: May 2020

Schwannoma are benign tumours of nerve sheath. They are also called as neurilemmoma. They are rare tumours arising from peripheral nerves, though they can occur anywhere on the body. Schwannoma can arise from any peripheral nerves or spinal nerves. Since they arise from nerve sheath forming schwannoma cells, they are never seen in brain or spinal cord. Schwannoma are often associated with neurofibromatosis-2, schwannomatosis and Carney complex where it is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. They care often asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. Symptoms of schwannoma are related to pressure effects over the surrounding structures, such as limb pain, tingling and numbness, deafness and facial weakness as in vestibular schwannoma. However, most schwannoma are detected incidentally as in the case reported below. A 48 years female was diagnosed with an asymptomatic left para renal lump, which was later confirmed to be a retroperitoneal schwannoma. The patient had no complaints with respect to the lump. The patient underwent a successful surgical excision and had an uneventful recovery.
Management of COVID-19 Virus Infection by Convalescent Plasma
Authors: Cheraghali Abdol Majid , Abolghasemi Hassan , Eshghi Peyman
Published: May 2020

This article is a Letter to the Editor and does not include an Abstract.
Crocus Sativus (Saffron): An Immunoregulatory Factor in the Autoimmune and Non-autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Poursamimi Javad , Shariati-Sarabi Zhaleh , Tavakkol-Afshari Jalil , Mohajeri Seyed Ahmad , Mohammadi Mojgan
Published: May 2020

It has been reported that patients with arthritis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, brain ischemia, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suffer from pro-inflammatory and oxidant related responses. Therefore, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant therapies are used to improve the quality of life of the patients. Saffron is a herbal drug that has immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties. Hence, Saffron and its components have been proposed as therapeutic agents for the treatment of the diseases. Therefore, this review article was designed to collect recent information regarding the effects of saffron and its components on the amelioration of the inflammatory symptoms in the autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases and anti-cancerous effects from 1999 up to now via searching the Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases. Due to fact that several investigations have reviewed the roles played by Saffron on autoimmune and non-autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, mood disorders, and Alzheimer's disease, this review article focuses on other diseases to keep the novelty of the present review for readers.
Curcumin Ameliorate Diabetes type 1 Complications through Decreasing Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Jafari Khataylou Yaser , Ahmadiafshar Somayeh , Rezaei Reza , Parsamanesh Saeid , Hosseini Golbahar
Published: May 2020

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease of beta cells in the islets of Langerhans, which are responsible for making insulin. Even with insulin therapy, inflammatory complications will develop in the long term. The present study examines changes in serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, C-peptide, Insulin as well as fasting blood sugar (FBS) in control, diabetic and diabetic treated with curcumin groups. Thirty inbred C57BL /6 mice were randomly divided into three groups of 10 mice: group A consisted of healthy mice receiving citrate buffer, group B included a group of diabetic mice, and group C was a group of diabetic mice treated with curcumin. The cytokine levels were measured in the supernatant of stimulated splenocytes using enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Radioimmunoassay was used to measure insulin and c-peptide levels. The FBS was measured by an automatic glucometer device. The levels of IL-6, IL-17, and IFN-γ, as well as FBS, was significantly decreased in the treated group with curcumin compared to the diabetic group mice (p<0.05). TNF-α levels were also low, but the difference was not significant. IL-10, plasma C-peptide, and insulin significantly increased in the supernatant of stimulated splenocytes of treated diabetic group than in the diabetic group (p<0/05). According to the results, this study supports the anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin; however, more studies are needed to investigate theeffects of curcumin and the dose-response relationship in this disease.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Matricaria chamomilla Extracts on BALB/c Mice Macrophages and Lymphocytes
Authors: Asadi Zahra , Ghazanfari Tooba , Hatami Helia
Published: May 2020

Matricaria chamomilla (MC) was shown to have anti-inflammatory effects. Flavonoids are major groups of MC immunomodulators. The anti-inflammatory effects of apigenin as an MC flavonoid has already been demonstrated. In this study, we aimed to report the amount of this compound by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and measuring the total phenol content (TPC) in both the MC aqueous and alcoholic extracts. We also investigated the MC aqueous and ethanolic extracts effect on BALB/c separated macrophages and lymphocytes cell viability and macrophage nitric oxide production. Interferon-γ and interleukin-10 secretion were also measured in lymphocytes. We found that the amount of apigenin was 0.078 and 0.25 mg/g per each of dry aqueous and alcoholic extracts, respectively. Also, the total phenol content was 2.99% in aqueous and 3.95% in alcoholic extracts. BALB/c separated macrophages cell viability significantly increased when treated with the MC aqueous extract but decreased when treated by the MC alcoholic extract in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. Also, the amount of nitric oxide production by macrophages and BALB/c separated lymphocytes cell viability in treatment with aqueous and alcoholic extracts significantly decreased. Interferon-γ increased, and interleukin-10 decreased in lymphocytes treated with the MC aqueous extract, which may suggest Th1 polarization. There was no significant change in the interferon-γ level in lymphocytes when treated with the MC alcoholic extract, but the level of IL-10 increased in these cells. Altogether, besides the anti-inflammatory effect of MC extracts, we found MC aqueous extract effects as disrupting Th1/Th2 balance to Th1 upregulation. Overall, the anti-inflammatory effect of the MC alcoholic extract was higher than the MC aqueous extract.
Correlation between air pollutants concentration and meteorological factors on seasonal air quality variation
Authors: Oji Sunday , Adamu Haruna
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Hitherto studies have concentrated on the pollution concentra- tion in an ambient environment not putting into cognizance meteorological factors that can determine the fate/trail of the pollutant in the atmosphere.
Materials and methods: Accordingly, the study monitored ambient topical air triplicate day-time concentration of NO2, PM10, SO2, H2S and CO using
portable digital air pollution detecting device for 30 days in each of the rep-
resentative apex months of dry (April) and wet (August) months of 2018 in Kano Metropolis. However, meteorological data were collated from Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet).
Results: The result showed pollution concentration for Bompai and Sabon Gari are the highest followed by Dowrawa and school of technology. On the other hand Bompai and Sabon Gari had higher concentration in all pollutants in dry season followed by school of technology and Dowrawa. Furthermore, temperature, relative humidity and precipitation washout or scavenging effect on the pollutants were analyzed quantitatively. The result showed concen- tration of the pollutants in the atmosphere where lower under condition of increased precipitation, low temperature and increased humidity level com- pared to that of the dry season.
Conclusion: Consequently, the study exposes the influence of meteorological parameters on the seasonal variability, concentration and environmental fate of pollutant, which could be used in controlling urban air pollution thereby sustainably improving environmental quality and protecting human health.
Forty Years Without Luria With Luria
Authors: Glozman J
Published: May 2020

The article compares five Luria International Memorial Congresses in Russia and some Luria Memorial Conferences abroad to prove the intensive and extensive development of Lurian approach. Such a development was assured by Lurian international school of psychologists (his colleagues, disciples and followers) who work or worked in different branches of psychology. The Lurian approach or Lurianism is defined as a combination of systemic and cultural-historical approaches. The specific Lurian approach in neuropsychology is determined by its subjects’ orientation. It means, that the Lurian neuropsychological analysis is not centered on a disease (its symptoms and severity, functional and cognitive disturbances), but on a subject: his personalexperience, health concepts, coping strategies and attitudes, social interactions and so on. Lurian neuropsychology is a ‘unified theory of cerebral and mental functions’. It explains why Lurianism still rests a source for development of both fundamental and applied psychology.
Keywords: Luria International Memorial Congresses, Lurianism, systemic and cultural– historical approaches
Manifestations of Irrational Thinking in Neurotic Disorders
Authors: Abitov I
Published: May 2020

The study addresses peculi arities of irrational thinking in neurotic disorders. Some scholars (V. N. Myasischev, V. D. Mendelevich, A. I. Zakharov, B. J. Zebb, M. C. Moore, C. Sica, C. Novara, E. Sanavio, B. Futrell, P. Brugger, I. Viaud-Delmon, S. N. Enikolopov and S. V. Lebedev) indicate that there exists a relationship between neurotic symptoms and irrational thinking. To reveal the peculiarities of irrational thinking we used the following methodology: The Paranormal Belief Scale ( J. Tobacyk, adapted by D. S. Grigoriev), the Superstitiousness Inventory (I. Abitov) and the Constructive Thinking Inventory (S. Epstein, adapted by S. N. Enikolopov and S. V. Lebedev). The population of the study consisted of 50 patients undergoing in-patient neurotic disorders treatment at the psychotherapeutic department of the Kazan’ city clinical hospital No. 18. Control group included 50 respondents who did not have neurotic disorders in their medical stories and had not previously sought psychotherapeutic aid. The acquired data show that neurotic disorders patients are more inclined to believe in psychic abilities (like psychokinesis or levitation) and to observe various superstitious beliefs. Also, it was revealed that neurotic disorders patients have higher indexes of behavioral coping than the control group, that is, they tend to undertake particular actions to solve problems. In addition to the aforementioned, they have higher results of the scales ‘Superstitious Thinking’ and ‘Naive Optimism’. Correlational analysis showed that the neurosis patients’ group has inverse correlations between Constructive thinking on the one hand and Superstitiousness and Witchcraft belief on the other hand. The research findings correspond with the results gained by S. N. Enikolopov and S. V. Lebedev and may be used in indicating the so-called ‘psychotherapeutic targets’ and in planning the psychotherapeutic intervention.
Keywords: irrational thinking, superstitiousness, paranormal beliefs, constructive thinking, neurotic disorders
Personally Differentiated Approach in Dysgraphia Correction of Primary School Children With General Speech Underdevelopment
Authors: Alekseeva E
Published: May 2020

In the works of famous authors, we can find well-presented mechanisms of writing and the structure of work to eliminate deviances of reading and writing, related to the deficiency of certain operations of writing, or a deviance of the speech system functioning. According to the conception of A. R. Luria about the psychophysiological mechanisms of writing, the authors revealed the linguistic and optical spatial deviances in the structure of dysgraphia, lexical and grammatical, phonetic-phonemic disorders, skills-formation disorder of linguistic analysis and synthesis; they presented the areas and techniques of preventive and corrective work. The question of children’s condition with writing disorder of psychological level of its organization is not fully studied. The corrective work presented in the article is directed to the elimination of deviances in oral and written speech and aimed at the formation of interhemispheric interaction. The profile of functional asymmetry of hemispheres and the type of leading modality in children were taken into account. Methods of neurolinguistics programming in the correctional process were used as means of psychological correction, harmonization of personality, developing attention, memory, thinking and speech, increasing practicalliteracy in children.
Keywords: writing process correction, neurolinguistics programming, neuropsychological approach, written speech motivation, sensory perception, regulation, self-control
Characteristics for Functional Brain Asymmetry of Children With Pseudobulbar Dysartria
Authors: Arefieva A
Published: May 2020

The article raises important problem of the causes of functional brain asymmetry and interhemispheric interaction of children with pseudobulbar dysarthria. The left hemisphere is dominant in relation to speech function for the absolute majority of people. Therefore, the physiological process for forming distribution of functions between hemispheres in ontogeny is important not only from the point of the correct speech development as the highest mental function but also reflects on the wide spectrum of psyche features, perception and cognitive processes, adaptive capabilities of the organism, control over involuntary behavior. There are 40 children with a normal speech development and with a clinical diagnosis of ‘pseudobulbar dysarthria’, determine a lateral phenotype, calculate coefficients of functional asymmetry, and the most common types of violations identify of higher cortical functions. Confirmed information on the prevalence for the right hemispheric dominance among children with speech disorders. The most common types of violations in higher cortical functions are the failure of phonemic analysis and auditory memory.
Keywords: functional asymmetry, interhemispheric actions, children, pseudobulbar dysarthria
The Importance of L.S. Vygotsky’s and A.R. Luria’s Ideas in the Study of ‘Twice Exceptional’ Children
Authors: Babaeva Y , Korneev A , Krichevets A
Published: May 2020

The article highlights the importance of ‘twice exceptionality’ studies and the significance of L.S. Vygotsky and A.R. Luria’s ideas for this research. Twice exceptional children combine the signs of giftedness with one or several mental disabilities, specific learning difficulties, etc. In our research, we analyzed the developmentof writing skills in three groups of school children with different variants of mental functions development, distinguished on the basis of neuropsychological characteristics. The use of the original method of recording movements while writing, combined with a neuropsychological assessment of children allowed revealing the dependence of writing parameters and their dynamics on the strength and weakness of the components involved in the functional system of writing. According to the results obtained, each group has its own pattern of the following parameters: time, writing quality and errors, explained by the primary weakness in the child’sfunctional system of writing and compensatory restructuring. A comparative analysis of analytical and holistic strategies use in reading was also conducted.
Keywords: ‘twice-exceptional children’, mental functions development desynchrony, neuropsychological analysis, difficulties and specific errors in writing.
Relationship Between Social Intelligence Level and Accentuations of Adolescents’ Character
Authors: Bodnar A , Bodnar E
Published: May 2020

Introduction. The research is aimed at analysing the nature of the relationship between the social intelligence level and the type of accentuation of the personality of adolescents. This relationship is a problem because no fundamental research has been done on it, although its social significance is extremely high. After all,the weight of evidence suggests that personality accentuations are not simply connected with just social intelligence but perhaps are its determining factor. Social intelligence development provides a condition for success in both social adaptation and interpersonal interaction. This especially concerns adolescents, in whom accentuations determine both the way to overcome puberty crises—and acute affective reactions—and—especially—the situation in the system of interpersonal relationships.
Methodology and methods. The comparative analysis is used. The authors compare the results of their own research into adolescents and school children aged 13–14 with the reference data. Specific empirical methods: Guildford’s social intelligence method, a modified questionnaire to identify the types of character accentuations among Lichko’s adolescents.
Results. Adolescents with a labile and sensitive accentuation have a better ability to foresee the consequences of behaviour based on a real situation analysis. However, in the case of the labile type, this is due to adequate self-esteem, and in the case of the sensitive type this is due to the desire to avoid conflicts. An excitable type of accentuation adversely affects the level of development of the ability to assess the non-verbal behaviour. Adolescents with the demonstrative accentuation are able to better understand the speech expression ofother people and correctly build their verbal behaviour. Among girls, the hypertemic and demonstrative accentuations are significantly more common than that in boys. Conclusion. Knowing the peculiarities of the interrelation between accentuations of the individual and social intelligence makes it possible to achieve the development of the latter by smoothing accentuations.
Keywords: social intelligence, character accentuation, adolescence
Top–Down Cognitive Control in Students with a Rigid Set-on Facial Expression
Authors: Cheremushkin E , Petrenko N
Published: May 2020

Top–down cognitive control was studied in students by the model of fixed set for facial expression. In subjects with errors in the set fixing, it is weakened to the greatest extent. The hypothesis about the influence on the top–down cognitive control of the functional state of subjects caused by signs of autonomic dysfunction, personal anxiety, depression and sleep quality is considered.
Keywords: top–down cognitive control, emotional facial expression, errors recognition, EEG, alpha oscillations
Media Discourse Space Effect on the Professional Development of University Students
Authors: Guslyakova N , Guslyakova A
Published: May 2020

The mass media of the first decades of the new millennium (the new media) are characterized not only by the paramount informing function but they are also distinguished by their ability to interact and influence the target audience in both spontaneous and dramatized modes. Simple navigation and a quick and easy accessto their content stand behind the increasing popularity of the new media among younger generation. Modern new media provide the discourse space where young people, or ‘the millennials’, feel as if they are in the center of various political, social and economic events; the so-called ‘Big Brothers’ having impact on people’s life in thesociety. Taking into account the facts that are directly connected with the existence of the youth in the media discourse space, this article aims to track and analyze the influence of the new media on the bachelor’s and master’s students’ professional selfconcept. Our research introduces the working hypothesis that today’s media discourse space affects both directly and indirectly on university students, no matter what their future specialization is. Our students’ survey was conducted in three Russian higher education institutions: Institute of philology and foreign languages, Moscow Pedagogical State University (MPSU, Moscow); Faculty of Science and Technology, South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University (SUSHPU, Chelyabinsk); and Ecological faculty, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University, Moscow). The survey included the responses of the junior and senior bachelor’s students as well as the first- and the second-year master’s students. Young respondents were asked to evaluate the degree of the perceived information credibility, a positive and negativeimpact of present-day social networks on the younger generation and on their professional future; foreign languages and cultural knowledge; the students’ ability to interact with a foreign media discourse space, reading and leaving comments about different events in the Russian and foreign new media. Therefore, we established the correlation between the various types of variables that compose the system of the media discourse space and the students’ multiple reactions to their comprehension of the new media. The key influencing factors in the course of information exchange between students’ world perception and the media world were defined. The main conclusions about the extent of the new media influence (or its absence) on bachelor’s and master’s students and their professional development were drawn in the research.
Keywords: new media, media discourse space, professional development, professional self-concept, undergraduate and graduate students
The Relationship Between Measures of Impulsivity and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Klimanova S , Trusova A , Berezina A , Gvozdetsky A
Published: May 2020

The current article presents findings on the interaction between impulsivity features and clinical characteristics of patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD). Patients (n = 88), who were completing detoxification program for the symptoms of AUD, were recruited for the study. They completed biographical questionnaire, Penn CravingScale (PACS), self-report screening measure of the symptoms of adult ADHD (ASRS v.1.1) and underwent a series of experimental tasks (Delay Discounting Task (DDT), Stroop Task, Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs (CPT-IP), Tower of London (ToL)). Two distinct groups of impulsivity features were identified using clusteranalysis. One group, which was comprised of DDT and ToL measures, described the level of impulsivity during the decision-making process. The second group included Stroop task and CPT-IP measures and expressed the level of response inhibition and interference control. In addition, the model of interaction between measuresof impulsivity and clinical characteristics of patients was developed. The self-report measure of inattention and hyperactivity had significant effect on the level of craving and the duration of remission. No significant relationships were observed between DDT clinical characteristics.
Keywords: impulsivity, alcohol use disorder, delay discounting, stroop task, Tower of London, CPT-IP, craving, ASRS
The Spectrum of Bio-electric Activity in Response to Taste Adjectives
Authors: Klochkova O , Pogorelova I , Startseva M , Alexandrov Y , Shabanov G
Published: May 2020

Frequency spectra of the induced brain activity function in the range of 0.13 to 27 Hz of 16 female subjects aged 18–20 were studied. The activity was caused by reading of taste adjectives from the screen. The function significantly differs for different hemispheres in the studied frequency range. Frequency shifts ranges in thestimulation (maxima) and inhibition (minima) zones of the brain activity differential function were determined. ANOVA model implemented within the Statistica 10.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the measured data.
Keywords: brain bioelectric activity, cognitive processes, induced oscillations, computer interaction