bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Joel’s Self-Redemption in the Unnatural Narrative Structure of Charlie Kaufman’s Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)
Authors: Mohd Said Nur Aainaa Amira , Termizi Arbaayah Ali , Awang Mohammad Ewan
Published: March 2021

This essay discusses the significance of the unnatural narrative structure in Charlie Kaufman’s screenplay Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004). Oftentimes, the screenplay’s reverse chronology is studied as a backdrop to accentuate its thematic values of personal identity and memory. However, this study argued that the reverse narrative was caused by the protagonist’s self-redemption journey. To achieve this objective, two components of Kenneth Burke’s dramatism theory, dramatistic pentad and guilt-redemption cycle were utilized. The pentadic analysis explored the connection between the main characters’ actions and motives with the structure of the text while also interpreting the implication of its reverse narrative from the framework of guilt-redemption cycle. From the findings, the study affirms that the screenplay’s unnatural narrative structure i.e. reverse chronology integrally founded the narrative structure of the text by representing Joel’s regret in a sequence of guilt-redemption cycle. As a result, it showcases the versatility of dramatism theory as one of the analytical tools for narrative studies particularly on the unnatural narrative structure of screenplay texts.
A thematic Review on Industrialised Building System (IBS) Publications from 2015-2019: Analysis of Patterns and Trends for Future Studies of IBS in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Zairul
Published: March 2021

IBS has been theoretically and practically proven to improve the construction delivery apart from reducing the lead of time and cost throughout its supply chain. Under the Malaysian Construction Industry Transformation Programme (CITP) 2016-2020, it is stated that the government is accelerating the adoption of IBS through mechanisation and modern practices. Despite the government’s initiative, there have been relatively small amounts of materials published discussing the patterns in IBS publications in Malaysia and what the future holds for IBS. This paper explores a thematic review of the literature regarding new definitions and patterns that juxtaposes IBS in the construction industry in Malaysia from 2015 till 2019 by using the thematic review. The findings from the code-to-document analysis using ATLAS.ti 8 found that the patterns and trends on IBS from the year 2015 to 2019. This paper contributes to analysing the patterns and trends of IBS by identifying the thematic code within IBS publications for recommendations of future studies on IBS in Malaysia.
Leveraging Intellectual Capital Dimensions for Promoting Learning Organization in a Rural Development Agency
Authors: Ramli Amiruzie , Mohd Rasdi Roziah
Published: March 2021

Given the considerable intangible resources within organizations in the public sector must be put to good use, e.g. to enhance organizational learning. This study examined three intellectual dimensions of intellectual capital (human, structural, and relational) in a rural development organization and their contributions to a learning organization. Using simple random sampling, research data were obtained from 153 managers, including Heads of Department at the Headquarters and at Regional and Settlement Offices covering Peninsular Malaysia’s Northern, Southern, Central, and Eastern regions. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression were carried out and the results supported the hypotheses that the dimensions of intellectual capital, namely human, structural and relational capital, were positively correlated with the learning organization, with structural capital being the most significant predictor.
Human Resource Professional Priorities and Challenges in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shiri Shammy , D'Mello Laveena
Published: March 2021

There has been a world alarming and warming situation due to global outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic taking along most important the human cost, mentally, physically with economic cost too. All of a sudden organization across have been alerted themselves to adapt toward this unforeseen unprecedented event and thereby find new solutions. Organizations around the world are taking measures as it’s important to stay at home for social distancing, this leading to drastic increase in economic loss, poor job satisfaction, reduced motivation and workplace depression crisis among organization’s employees with far reaching impacts. The sudden work culture shift has created new challenges for Human Resource (HR) professionals and in this time of global critical condition, the companies and organizations need their HR professionals to help the employees out of this badly driven health and economic crisis. The HR Professionals has been actively partnering with Business to solve some of the trickiest questions the business world faces today. This article discusses some of the priorities and challenges faced by HR professionals in helping the employees to adjust and cope with their changed work environment during COVID-19 pandemic.
Genealogía del Arte digital mexicano, análisis de los aspectos vinculantes al diseño
Authors: Villagómez Oviedo Cynthia
Published: March 2021

Se realiza un análisis del origen del arte digital en México, así como sus antecedentes internacionales, se reflexiona también entorno a aquellas características que conforman el arte digital y sus relaciones con el diseño con el fin de mostrar la importancia de los escenarios multidisciplinarios y la repercusión positiva del trabajo colaborativo con fines sociales, culturales y artísticos. Se hace una revisión de los antecedentes que ambos ámbitos comparten, de tal forma que sea a través de su estudio que se analicen los contextos del arte digital y del diseño actuales. Finalmente, se examina una obra digital vigente con una fuerte carga diseñística, la cual es muestra del carácter multidisciplinario que ambos ámbitos comparten
Análisis documental: importancia de los entornos virtuales en los procesos educativos en el nivel superior
Authors: Isela Aguilar Vargas Luisa Rosa , Otuyemi Rondero Emma Omolade
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como propósito conocer la importancia de los entornos virtuales en los procesos educativos en el nivel superior. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura de 22 trabajos científicos publicados entre 2011 y 2019 en diferentes países de América Latina y Europa. Los resultados son los siguientes: el concepto de «entornos virtuales» se asocia a un software o a una aplicación informática, espacio o medio en la red que facilita la comunicación. Sus características son la colaboración, la interactividad, la flexibilidad, la estandarización y la escalabilidad. Los espacios virtuales son utilizados para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, promover el desarrollo de habilidades interpersonales, complementar la educación presencial y facilitar el seguimiento del aprendizaje. Entre sus beneficios se encuentran la calidad educativa del aprendizaje y la motivación. Los obstáculos para su uso son el temor al cambio, el poco interés de los alumnos y la falta de infraestructura adecuada en las instituciones. En conclusión, los entornos virtuales son espacios que facilitan la comunicación a los alumnos y el acceso a diversos materiales y recursos. Principalmente, se caracterizan por su interactividad, flexibilidad, escalabilidad y ubicuidad respecto al aprendizaje. Son un mecanismo de motivación y evaluación.
Mejores prácticas y criterios de calidad en el proceso de desarrollo de código en los cursos de programación en la enseñanza superior
Authors: Niño Membrillo Yedid Erandini , Morales Salgado María del Rocío , Vázquez Reyes Sodel , Sánchez Rinza Bárbara Emma
Published: March 2021

El interés de este estudio radica en contribuir a investigar las dificultades que presentan los estudiantes en los cursos de programación, quienes invierten tiempo al desarrollar programas con deficiencias. Por esta razón, este artículo ofrece una perspectiva de la situación de la programación en la educación superior en México basándose en entrevistas realizadas a docentes que imparten clases de programación en diferentes universidades de la República Mexicana, así como en estudios efectuados en instituciones de educación superior (IES) sobre el tema de la programación. Asimismo, se expone la investigación realizada sobre las prácticas de ingeniería de software y los criterios de calidad (CC) utilizados en los cursos de programación en el ámbito universitario, considerando a docentes de universidades públicas. El objetivo de este estudio es establecer un conjunto de buenas prácticas, administrativas y de ingeniería, y CC en el proceso de desarrollo, en el ciclo de vida (CV), para mejorar los cursos de programación y para alentar a los estudiantes a adoptar buenas prácticas en las primeras fases de su formación profesional. Lo anterior contribuirá a que mejoren su proceso de desarrollo y a que creen programas con resultados óptimos.
Una propuesta de modelo educativo para las organizaciones exponenciales
Authors: Álvarez López José Antonio , Sampablo Buezas Ricardo
Published: March 2021

La sociedad, las empresas y los profesionales actuales se encuentran en un complejo proceso de transformación, con la necesidad de incorporarse a un nuevo contexto digital empresarial, inherente a la transformación digital de las organizaciones, que se ha dado en llamar «nueva economía». En este contexto, los referentes son las organizaciones exponenciales, que incluyen competencias adicionales específicas. Con el fin de dar respuesta a este tipo de organizaciones, se propone un nuevo marco formativo, caracterizado por la capacitación tecnológica, que además evolucionará en paralelo con la transformación digital educativa, social, política, económica y empresarial.
En este trabajo de investigación se propone un nuevo marco formativo, basado en la adquisición de las competencias inherentes al liderazgo disruptor, que mejora la competitividad de los profesionales y, por ende, de las empresas.
Diez herramientas digitales para facilitar la evaluación formativa
Authors: Walss Aurioles María Eugenia
Published: March 2021

Este artículo sugiere 10 herramientas digitales que permiten al profesor explotar su creatividad en el diseño de actividades de evaluación formativa y compartida. Para que una evaluación cumpla su función formativa debe proveer al alumno información que le permita tomar decisiones para realizar ajustes en su proceso de aprendizaje. La tecnología habilita la integración de la evaluación al proceso de enseñanza facilitando la retroalimentación, automatizando actividades que de otra manera consumen mucho tiempo del docente. Las herramientas seleccionadas permiten generar una gran variedad de tareas que favorecen la autoevaluación, la cooperación y la retroalimentación. Se recomiendan tecnologías gratuitas o de bajo costo, con posibilidad de integración a plataformas digitales didácticas, adaptables en todos los niveles educativos.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN DRILL METHOD TERHADAP KEMAPUAN BERBICARA DI PONDOK PESANTRIN DARUL LUGHAH WA DIRASATIL ISLAMIYYAH SENINAN AKKOR PALENGAAN PAMEKASAN MADURA
Authors: Kunisy Fadiyah
Published: March 2021

الملخص: يتضمّن هذا البحث العلمي على المسئلة هل يوجد تأثير تطبيق طريقة التدربيبات على مهارة الكلام بمعهد دار اللغة والدراسات الإسلامية سنينان أكور بالنجائن بميكاسان مادورا. والأهداف التي قصد الباحث إليها فهي لمعرفة وجود تأثير تطبيق طريقة التدربيبات على مهارة الكلام بمعهد دار اللغة والدراسات الإسلامية سنينان أكور بالنجائن بميكاسان مادورا.

لاجابة من أسئلة البحث، الباحث تستعمل تحليلي النكوص التخطيطي المضاعف باستعمال برمجية من نقل 25. وأما طريقة الجمع البيانات تستعمل الاستبيانة والملاحظة و التوثق. بالستعمل هذا البحث أخذ البعض من 53 طالبات. جنس البحث المستعل البحث انكوص بتقريب كمي.

وجود تأثير المعنوي في تطبيق طريقة التدريبات على مهارة الكلام بمعهد دار اللغة والدراسات الإسلامية سنينان أكور بالنجائن بميكاسان مادورا، هذا البحث يستطيع ان يحصل ظهور t hitung = 8،141 يدل t tabel < t hitung هي 1،671 وهكذا t hitung = 8،141 أكبر من t tabel =1،671 وقيمة الإحتمال  (a)0،000 > 0،05.

الكلمة الرئيسية: تأثير، طريقة التدريبات، مهارة الكلام

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mencakup pertanyaan tentang apakah terdapat pengaruh Drill Method terhadap kemahiran berbicara bahasa Arab di pondok pesantren darul Lughah wa dirasatul islamiyyah Seninan Akkor Palengaan Pamekasan Madura. Adapun tujuan peneliti untuk mengetahui seberapa berpengaruhnya Drill Method terhadap kemahiran berbicara bahasa Arab di pondok pesantren darul Lughah wa dirasatul islamiyyah Seninan Akkor Palengaan Pamekasan Madura.

Untuk menjawab rumusan masalah, peneliti menggunakan “Uji t” yaitu analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 25. Sedangkan untuk pengumpulan datanya dengan menggunakan angket, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel 53 santri yang ada. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ini adalah penelitian regresi dengan pendekatan kuantitatif.

Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa, teradap pengaruh drill method terhadap kemahiran berbicara bahasa Arab di pondok pesantren darul Lughah wa dirasatul islamiyyah Seninan Akkor Palengaan Pamekasan Madura. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan, hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan diprolehnya t hitung = 8,141 lebih besar dari t table = 1,671 dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 < 0,05.

Kata Kunci: Pengaruh, Drill Metode, Keterampilan Berbicara
Patara’dan Bir Grup Oinophoros: Üretim ve İkonografi Üzerine Gözlemler
Authors: ŞAHİN Feyzullah
Published: March 2021

Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi kalıp yapımı kabartmalı seramik gruplarından biri olan oinophoroslar, çeşitli varyasyonlara sahip pelikeler, amphoralar, tek kulplu testiler, lagynoslar, mitolojik karakterlerin veya grotesk figürlerin model alındığı kaplar ve tondosunda kabın zeminine aplike edilmiş kabartmalı bir madalyon bulunan sığ kâse formunda phiale ya da pateraları içerir. Genellikle iki ya da üç kalıp kullanılarak üretilmiş bu seramiklerin süsleme repertuarında, Dionysos kültüyle bağlantılı anlatımların ağırlıklı olarak tercih edildiği, bununla birlikte çeşitli mitosların, günlük yaşamdan erotik anlatıların ve gladyatör dövüşü gibi sahnelerin de bu çeşitlilik içinde yer bulduğu görülmektedir. Oinophoros grubu seramiklerin, ilk olarak Augustus Dönemi’nde Knidos atölyelerinde üretilmeye başlandığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu üretimi, MS 1. yüzyılın ortalarında Pergamon ve MS 2. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında İasos atölyelerinin takip ettiği görülmektedir. Patara’da ele geçen oinophoros grubu seramikler içinde bir amphora ve sekiz patera ile madalyon üretiminde kullanılmış olabilecek bir kalıp, çalışmanın ana konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Üretim ve süsleme tekniği açısından oinophoros kabartmalı kalıp yapımı seramikleri içinde yer alan Patara örneklerinde de başta Dionysos kültüyle bağlantılı olmak üzere çeşitli mitolojik anlatımların yer bulduğu görülmektedir. Yapığımız araştırmalar ve benzer örnekler, Patara oinophoros grubu seramiklerinin, stilistik olarak Knidos ve İskenderiye örnekleriyle yakın ilişki içinde olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum bize özellikle oinophoros tipi pateraların, Akdeniz’deki dağılımı ve ticari ağlarla ilgili bilgi sağlarken, tercih edilen ikonografilerdeki ortak yönler ise kökleri Hellenistik Dönem’e uzanan ortak inançlar/düşüncelerin Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’ndeki devamlılığını göstermesi açısından önemli veriler sunmaktadır. Üzerinde olasılıkla Dionysos tasvirinin bulunduğu kalıp ise bir patera madalyonunu biçimlendirmek için son derece uygun yapısıyla Patara’da oinophoros tipi patera üretimi olabileceğine dair izler taşımakta ve Anadolu’daki oinophoros üretim merkezlerine, başta Patara olmak üzere yeni atölyelerin eklenme olasılığının arttığını göstermektedir.
Features of the course of influenza in some categories of neurological patients
Authors: Демьяновская Е.Г. , Васильев А.С.
Published: March 2021

В статье рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с особенностями течения гриппа на фоне неврологических заболеваний: грипп при эпилепсии и других состояниях, характеризующихся повышенной судорожной готовностью, грипп при некоторых патологиях периферической нервной системы, грипп при нервно-мышечных заболеваниях и рассеянном склерозе, грипп и сосудистая церебральная патология. У ряда пациентов с заболеваниями нервной системы инфицирование вирусом гриппа и развитие инфекционного процесса сопровождаются повышенным риском утяжеления течения заболевания, ухудшения прогноза, появления потребности в госпитализации, неблагоприятного исхода инфекции. Обсуждается целесообразность и приоритетность вакцинопрофилактики гриппа у лиц с конкретными нозологиями, относящимися к компетенции невролога. Вакцинопрофилактика во многих случаях признается эффективной мерой предупреждения тяжелого течения гриппа у неврологических больных и развития осложнений. Клиницисту необходимы углубленные знания показаний и ограничений вакцинопрофилактики гриппа у пациентов с патологией нервной системы.

The article discusses issues related to the peculiarities of the course of influenza against the background of neurological diseases: influenza in epilepsy and other conditions characterized by increased convulsive readiness, influenza in some pathologies of the peripheral nervous system, influenza in neuromuscular diseases and multiple sclerosis, influenza and cerebral vascular pathology. In a number of patients with diseases of the nervous system, contact with influenza virus and infectious process are accompanied by an increased risk of the disease exacerbation, worsening the prognosis, need for hospitalization, and poor outcomes. The expediency and priority of influenza vaccine prophylaxis in persons with specific nosologies that are within the competence of a neurologist are discussed. In many cases, in neurological patients, vaccination is recognized as an effective measure to prevent the severe course of influenza and complicationы emergence. Doctors need in-depth knowledge of the indications and limitations of influenza vaccination in patients with nervous system disorders.
Un análisis de la Directiva (UE) 2019/1937 desde la ética pública y los retos de la implementación
Authors: Villoria Mendieta Manuel
Published: March 2021

A raíz de la Directiva europea 2019/1937 los estados miembros de la Unión Europea tendrán que poner en marcha o adaptar los sistemas de denuncia en las organizaciones públicas y privadas para garantizar la protección de los denunciantes. El autor reflexiona sobre los retos existentes para la implementación de los sistemas de denuncia.
Technical note: On comparing greenhouse gas emission metrics
Authors: Enting Ian , Clisby Nathan
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Many metrics for comparing greenhouse gas emissions can be expressed as an instantaneous global warming potential multiplied by the ratio of airborne fractions calculated in various ways. The forcing equivalent index (FEI) provides a specification for equal radiative forcing at all times
at the expense of generally precluding point-by-point equivalence over time.
The FEI can be expressed in terms of asymptotic
airborne fractions for exponentially growing emissions.
This provides a reference against which other metrics can
be compared. Four other equivalence metrics are evaluated in terms of how closely they
match the timescale dependence of FEI, with methane
referenced to carbon dioxide used as an example.
The 100-year global warming potential overestimates
the long-term role of methane, while
metrics based on rates of change overestimate the short-term
contribution.
A recently proposed metric based on differences
between methane emissions 20 years apart
provides a good compromise.
Analysis of the timescale dependence of metrics expressed
as Laplace transforms leads to an alternative
metric that
gives closer agreement with FEI at the expense
of considering methane over longer time periods. The short-term behaviour, which is important
when metrics are used for emissions trading,
is illustrated with simple examples for the four
metrics.
Technical note: Emission factors, chemical composition, and morphology of particles emitted from Euro 5 diesel and gasoline light-duty vehicles during transient cycles
Authors: Kostenidou Evangelia , Martinez-Valiente Alvaro , R'Mili Badr , Marques Baptiste , Temime-Roussel Brice , Durand Amandine , André Michel , Liu Yao , Louis Cédric , Vansevenant Boris , Ferry Daniel , Laffon Carine , Parent Philippe , D'Anna Barbara
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Changes in engine technologies and after-treatment
devices can profoundly alter the chemical composition of the emitted
pollutants. To investigate these effects, we characterized the emitted
particles' chemical composition of three diesel and four gasoline Euro 5
light-duty vehicles tested at a chassis dynamometer facility. The dominant
emitted species was black carbon (BC) with emission factors (EFs) varying
from 0.2 to 7.1 mg km−1 for direct-injection gasoline (GDI) vehicles,
from 0.02 to 0.14 mg km−1 for port fuel injection (PFI) vehicles, and
0.003 to 0.9 mg km−1 for diesel vehicles. The organic matter (OM) EFs varied from 5 to 103 µg km−1 for GDI gasoline vehicles, from 1 to 8 µg km−1 for PFI vehicles, and between 0.15 and 65 µg km−1 for the diesel vehicles. The first minutes of cold-start cycles contributed the largest PM fraction including BC, OM, and
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Using a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS), we identified more than 40 PAHs in both diesel and
gasoline exhaust particles including methylated, nitro, oxygenated, and amino
PAHs. Particle-bound PAHs were 4 times higher for GDI than for PFI
vehicles. For two of the three diesel vehicles the PAH emissions were below
the detection limit, but for one, which presented an after-treatment device
failure, the average PAHs EF was 2.04 µg km−1, similar to the
GDI vehicle's values. During the passive regeneration of the catalysed diesel particulate filter
(CDPF) vehicle, we measured particles of diameter around 15 nm mainly
composed of ammonium bisulfate. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed the presence of
ubiquitous metal inclusions in soot particles emitted by the diesel vehicle
equipped with a fuel-borne-catalyst diesel particulate filter (FBC-DPF).
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of the particles emitted by the PFI vehicle showed the presence
of metallic elements and a disordered soot surface with defects that could
have consequences on both chemical reactivity and particle toxicity. Our findings show that different after-treatment technologies have an
important effect on the emitted particles' levels and their chemical
composition. In addition, this work highlights the importance of particle
filter devices' condition and performance.
Improvements to a laser-induced fluorescence instrument for measuring SO2 – impact on accuracy and precision
Authors: Rickly Pamela S. , Xu Lu , Crounse John D. , Wennberg Paul O. , Rollins Andrew W.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. This work describes key improvements made to the in situ laser-induced fluorescence instrument for measuring sulfur dioxide (SO2) that was originally described by Rollins et al. (2016). Here, we report measurements of the SO2 fluorescence emission spectrum. These measurements allow for the determination of the most appropriate bandpass filters to optimize the fluorescence signal, while reducing the instrumental background. Because many aromatic species fluoresce in the same spectral region as SO2, fluorescence spectra were also measured for naphthalene and anisole to determine if ambient SO2 measurements could be biased in the presence of such species. Improvement in the laser system resulted in better tunability, and a significant reduction in the 216.9 nm laser linewidth. This increases the online/offline signal ratio which, in turn, improves the precision and specificity of the measurement. The effects of these improvements on the instrumental sensitivity were determined by analyzing the signal and background of the instrument, using varying optical bandpass filter ranges and cell pressures and calculating the resulting limit of detection. As a result, we report an improvement to the instrumental sensitivity by as much as 50 %.
On the barium–oxygen consumption relationship in the Mediterranean Sea: implications for mesopelagic marine snow remineralization
Authors: Jacquet Stéphanie H. M. , Lefèvre Dominique , Tamburini Christian , Garel Marc , Le Moigne Frédéric A. C. , Bhairy Nagib , Guasco Sophie
Published: March 2021

Abstract. In the ocean, remineralization rate associated with sinking particles is a
crucial variable. Since the 1990s, particulate biogenic barium (Baxs) has been used as an indicator of carbon remineralization by applying a transfer function relating Baxs to O2 consumption (Dehairs's
transfer function, Southern Ocean-based). Here, we tested its validity in
the Mediterranean Sea (ANTARES/EMSO-LO) for the first time by investigating connections between Baxs, prokaryotic heterotrophic
production (PHP) and oxygen consumption (JO2-Opt; optodes measurement). We show that (1) higher Baxs (409 pM; 100–500 m) occurs in situations where integrated PHP (PHP100/500=0.90) is located deeper, (2) higher Baxs occurs with increasing JO2-Opt, and (3) there is similar magnitude between JO2-Opt (3.14 mmol m−2 d−1; 175–450 m) and JO2-Ba (4.59 mmol m−2 d−1; transfer function). Overall,
Baxs, PHP and JO2 relationships follow trends observed earlier in the Southern Ocean. We conclude that such a transfer function could apply in the Mediterranean Sea.
EOT20: A global ocean tide model from multi-mission satellite altimetry
Authors: Hart-Davis Michael Geoffrey , Piccioni Gaia , Dettmering Denise , Schwatke Christian , Passaro Marcello , Seitz Florian
Published: March 2021

Abstract. EOT20 is the latest in a series of empirical ocean tide (EOT) models derived using residual tidal analysis of multi-mission satellite altimetry at DGFI-TUM. The amplitudes and phases of seventeen tidal constituents are provided on a global 0.125-degree grid based on empirical analysis of seven satellite altimetry missions and four extended missions. The EOT20 model shows significant improvements compared to the previous iteration of the global model (EOT11a) throughout the ocean, particularly in the coastal and shelf regions, due to the inclusion of more recent satellite altimetry data as well as more missions, the use of the updated FES2014 tidal model as a reference to estimated residual signals, the inclusion of the ALES retracker and improved coastal representation. In the validation of EOT20 using tide gauges and ocean bottom pressure data, these improvements in the model compared to EOT11a are highlighted with the root-square sum (RSS) of the eight major tidal constituents improving by ~3 cm for the entire global ocean with the major improvement in RSS (~3.5 cm) occurring in the coastal region. Concerning the other global ocean tidal models, EOT20 shows an improvement of ~0.2 cm in RSS compared to the closest model (FES2014) in the global ocean. Variance reduction analysis was conducted comparing the results of EOT20 with FES2014 and EOT11a using the Jason-2, Jason-3 and SARAL satellite altimetry missions. From this analysis, EOT20 showed a variance reduction for all three satellite altimetry missions with the biggest improvement in variance occurring in the coastal region. These significant improvements, particularly in the coastal region, provides encouragement for the use of the EOT20 model as a tidal correction for satellite altimetry in sea-level research. All ocean and load tide data from the model can be freely accessed at https://doi.org/10.17882/79489 (Hart-Davis et al., 2021).
Effects of transient processes for thermal simulations of the Central European Basin
Authors: Degen Denise , Cacace Mauro
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Transient processes play a major role in geophysical applications. In this paper, we quantify the significant influence arising from transient processes for conductive heat transfer problems for sedimentary basin systems. We demonstrate how the thermal properties are affected when changing the system from a stationary to a non-stationary (transient) state and what impact time-dependent boundary conditions (as derived from paleoclimate information) have on the system's overall response. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of the time-stepping approach adopted to numerically solve for the transient case and the overall simulation duration since both factors exert a direct influence on the sensitivities of the thermal properties. We employ global sensitivity analyses to quantify not only the impact arising from the thermal properties but also their parameter correlations. Furthermore, we showcase how the results of such sensitivity analysis can be used to gain further insights into the complex Central European Basin System in central and northern Europe. This computationally very demanding workflow becomes feasible through the construction of high-precision surrogate models based on the reduced basis (RB) method.
Implications of model selection: a comparison of publicly available, conterminous US-extent hydrologic component estimates
Authors: Saxe Samuel , Farmer William , Driscoll Jessica , Hogue Terri S.
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Spatiotemporally continuous estimates of the hydrologic cycle are often generated through hydrologic modeling, reanalysis, or remote sensing (RS) methods and are commonly applied as a supplement to, or a substitute for, in situ measurements when observational data are sparse or unavailable.
This study compares estimates of precipitation (P), actual
evapotranspiration (ET), runoff (R), snow water equivalent (SWE), and soil moisture (SM) from 87 unique data sets generated by 47 hydrologic models, reanalysis data sets, and remote sensing products across the conterminous United States (CONUS). Uncertainty between hydrologic component estimates was shown to be high in the western CONUS, with median uncertainty (measured as the coefficient of variation) ranging from 11 % to 21 % for P, 14 % to 26 % for ET, 28 % to 82 % for R, 76 % to 84 % for SWE, and 36 % to 96 % for SM. Uncertainty between estimates was lower in the eastern CONUS, with medians ranging from 5 % to 14 % for P, 13 % to 22 % for ET, 28 % to 82 % for R, 53 % to 63 % for SWE, and 42 % to 83 % for SM. Interannual trends in estimates from 1982 to 2010 show common disagreement in R, SWE, and SM. Correlating fluxes and stores against remote-sensing-derived products show poor overall correlation in the western CONUS for ET and SM estimates. Study results show that disagreement between estimates can be substantial, sometimes exceeding the magnitude of the measurements themselves. The authors conclude that multimodel ensembles are not only useful but are in fact a necessity for accurately representing uncertainty in research results. Spatial biases of model disagreement values in the western United States show that targeted research efforts in arid and semiarid water-limited regions are warranted, with the greatest emphasis on storage and runoff components, to better describe complexities of the terrestrial hydrologic system and reconcile model disagreement.
Comparative analysis of six common foraminiferal species of the genera Cassidulina, Paracassidulina, and Islandiella from the Arctic–North Atlantic domain
Authors: Cage Alix G. , Pieńkowski Anna J. , Jennings Anne , Knudsen Karen Luise , Seidenkrantz Marit-Solveig
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Morphologically similar benthic foraminiferal taxa can be difficult to separate. Aside from causing issues in taxonomy, incorrect identifications complicate our understanding of species-specific ecological preferences and result in flawed palaeoenvironmental reconstructions and geochemical results. Over the years, a number of studies have grouped together several key Arctic–North Atlantic species in various combinations, despite their distinct environmental preferences and/or stratigraphical differences, causing great confusion in the literature. These species include Cassidulina laevigata, Cassidulina neoteretis, Cassidulina teretis, Paracassidulina neocarinata, Islandiella helenae, and Islandiella norcrossi. Here, we provide for the first time a detailed comparison of these taxa. We present a compilation of the original species descriptions, along with clear, illustrated guidelines on how to separate these taxa to circumvent taxonomic confusion. We acknowledge that some features cannot easily be seen with a standard low-powered microscope, especially if specimens are not well preserved. In those cases, we recommend the following actions: (i) always strive to make a precise identification and at least differentiate between the three genera; (ii) where C. neoteretis and C. teretis cannot be separated, and where the stratigraphical context does not make the species identification obvious, specimens belonging to these taxa should be reported as C. teretis/C. neoteretis; and (iii) where specimens in a sample cannot be confidently assigned to a specific species of Islandiella or Cassidulina, specimens should be grouped as Islandiella spp. or Cassidulina spp., followed by naming the most dominant species in brackets. The improved identification of Cassidulina, Paracassidulina, and Islandiella specimens will ensure development of a better understanding of the ecological affinities of these key Arctic–North Atlantic taxa, consequently resulting in more accurate palaeoenvironmental reconstructions and geochemical data.
Structural optimization of a new type of lever-assisted gear reducer based on a genetic algorithm
Authors: Guo Lei , Wang Zeyu , Song Yuan , Shan Xianjie , Gan Dongming
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Gear reducers are critical for speed and torque
transmissions between motors and manipulators. With the development of robotic
research, many new requirements, such as low speed and heavy load, have been
proposed for the design of gear reducers used in the joints. To meet these
challenges, here, we present the design of a new gear reducer based on a
spherical motion sub-lever drive mechanism. Our lever-based gear reducer can
transmit the speed and torque from the input shaft to the output shaft
through a fixed-axis gear train transmission, lever transmission, and
internal translational gear transmission. Compared with traditional gear
reducers, our lever-based reducer has stronger load capacities and is
suitable for low-speed and heavy-load scenarios. The design parameters of
the lever drive mechanism were optimized via finite element analysis and
a genetic algorithm, and the assembly of the lever drive mechanism was further
simplified. We found the dimensions of the lever are critical for improving
the overall performance of this reducer. In addition, the transmission
ability of this reducer was demonstrated by a physical prototype. This
reducer will find many applications in robotic joints, cranes, and mine hoists.
Misoginia youtuber: conseguir audiencia con humor sexista
Authors: Pibernat Vila Marina
Published: March 2021

En el contexto de una investigación más amplia acerca de la socialización audiovisual entre adolescentes en la era digital (Autora, 2019), vimos cómo el fenómeno youtuber se presenta como la principal innovación en el campo de la producción y el consumo de contenidos audiovisuales entre adolescentes actuales, generación que ha sido descrita como “juventud prosumidora”. Dicha juventud ha dado lugar al fenómeno youtuber, el cual presenta importantes diferencias de género, ya sea en relación a la popularidad y seguimiento alcanzados, o bien en cuanto a las diferencias de las temáticas tratadas en función del sexo del creador o creadora de los contenidos. En este artículo nos centramos en el humor sexista o directamente misógino empleado por tres youtubers masculinos muy populares del mundo hispanófono: elRubius, Germán Garmendia y Wismichu. Así, analizamos los imaginarios de género femenino y masculino que presentan en sus contenidos desde el inicio, el tratamiento que han dado a las mujeres, ya sean personajes femeninos de videojuegos o a sus propios seguidores, y su reacción a las críticas por el machismo inherente a sus vídeos. De este modo, podemos observar que el humor sexista constituye un elemento muy útil para alcanzar el éxito dentro del fenómeno youtuber, muy influyente entre adolescentes y jóvenes de hoy en día.
Flo6x8: intervenciones feministas para la ocupación y resistencia
Authors: Trujillo Lucia Sell , Domínguez Trinidad Núñez , Aix Gracia Francisco
Published: March 2021

El artículo explora la proyección del colectivo anticapitalista flamenco Flo6x8 a partir de la recepción de sus acciones a modo de dispositivos audiovisuales en las redes sociales. En particular, el trabajo explora el impacto de la última de sus acciones virales en el contexto de la manifestación feminista por el día Internacional de la Mujer (2018) a través de un análisis cualitativo de los comentarios y reproducciones en las redes sociales. Los resultados demuestran que los dispositivos audiovisuales actúan como píldoras simbólicas que acaban generando contenidos comunicativos ricos que retroalimentan el discurso público. Cuando las acciones se comparten hacen referencia a eventos concretos de la vida pública y política y, a su vez, cuentan algo sobre nosotras, implican un posicionamiento que recoge valores e identidades. Las redes sociales se perciben como espacios horizontales y libres, pero el uso de visualizaciones acaba formando un marco interpretativo que lleva a la polarización y revierte en apropiación. Es necesario entender que la proyección en la esfera pública tiene asociado la instrumentalización de participación cívica que, más allá de la organización colectiva, pueda generar modelos de acción capacitadores. Se concluye que es preciso, desde el feminismo, generar nuevas formas interdisciplinares que recojan las dinámicas de estudio sobre lo virtual; un objeto en permanente construcción.
Presentación del monográfico: Feminismo, misoginia y redes sociales
Authors: Tortajada Iolanda , Vera Teresa
Published: March 2021

Presentación del monográfico: Feminismo, misoginia y redes sociales
مدخل جديد لتحقيق الاستدامة الاقتصادية للمجتمعات والمشروعات، دراسة حالات مقارنة
Authors:   المدرس بقسم التخطيط العمراني، كلية التخطيط الاقليمي والعمراني، جامعة القاهرة، جمهورية مصر العربية, عبد الله يوسف محمد محمود
Published: March 2021

يطرح الباحث رؤية جديدة لتحقيق الاستدامة الاقتصادية للمجتمعات والمشروعات من خلال دراسة تطبيقية يستعرض الباحث في بدايتها الأدبيات الحديثة حول مفهوم الاستدامة سوآءاً استدامة المشروعات أو استدامة المجتمعات، أو التنمية المستدامة بصفة عامة ومعرفة الخصائص والمكونات، ثم ينتقل الباحث إلى تحديد الأسس الاقتصادية لتحقيق استدامة المشروعات والمجتمعات، أو الأسس الاقتصادية للتنمية المستدامة، و يقدم الباحث رؤية جديدة للتعامل مع البعد الاقتصادي للاستدامة بطرح الأدوات المختلفة التي يمكن من خلالها تفعيل الأسس الاقتصادية للاستدامة من خلال تبني منهجية جديدة وحديثة لتفعيل تحقيق الأسس الاقتصادية للاستدامة بصفة عامة وتحقيق التنمية المستدامة المنشودة بصفة خاصة
DISNEY’S SEXIST LANGUAGE: FEMINIST STYLISTIC APPROACH IN BEAUTY AND THE BEAST (2017)
Authors: Romadhon Sahrul
Published: March 2021

Through the feminist stylistic on Walt Disney’s Beauty and the Beast (2017) Live-Action remake, the paper argues that Walt Disney is not as inclusive and progressive as rumoured, but sexist. The study aims to uncover the characteristics of sexism in the context of linguistic derived from a gender-specific term. This study is qualitative research. The objects and data of this analysis are determined by purposive sampling. The object of this study is the text that appeared in the film Beauty and the Beast (2017) on a live-action remake. The data for this study are lexical items (single word, chain of words, and part of a word) that relate to gender-specific. The data analysed using the linguistic determinism theory of Sara Mill's feminist stylistic framework. This study reveals the presence of sexism at the word level. The findings are Walt Disney’s Beauty and the Beast (2017) Live-action remake shows the use of generic-noun and generic-pronouns appear in a sexist way, diminutive naming of gay and female characters, and negative terms used to portray female characters.
Pensamiento económico en la t radición judía, con especial referencia a Moisés Ben Maimónides: la perspectiva austriaca
Authors: Gurfinkiel Abie Grynspan
Published: March 2021

Despite not having a formal treatise that encompasses economic thought, the Jewish tradition, through its legal and religious texts, tackles a wide range of economic subject matter. As early as Biblical times, Jewish law and Jewish moral doctrine began to govern economic activity and social life in ge-neral. Both of these continued to evolve until the 12th century when Moses ben Maimonides, interpreting and documenting the Jewish oral tradition laws (with Aristotelian influence as well as that of Ibn Bayya, among other philosophers), developed an individualistic, subjectivist, and rationalist moral philosophy ex-ploring topics such as the theory of subjective value, the paradox of value, hu-man action, the limits of reason, social cooperation, and division of labor.

This article investigates, from an Austrian School perspective, the economic thought contained in the Jewish tradition and its possible impact on the emer-gence of the capitalist system and modern civilization. Additionally, it explores the influence that the Jewish tradition and Maimonides’ philosophy had on the doctrines of Saint Thomas Aquinas; doctrines which were taken and enriched by the Scholastics of Salamanca and are, according to some thinkers, the foun-dation of the Austrian School of Economics.

Keywords: capitalism, scholasticism, Judaism, laissez-faire.

JEL Classification: A13, B11, N01, Z12.

Resumen: A pesar de no existir un tratado que englobe un pensamiento econó-mico, la tradición judía, a través de textos legales y religiosos, aborda temas económicos de naturaleza muy variada. Desde tiempos bíblicos se fueron for-mando el derecho judío y la doctrina moral judía, que regulaban la actividad económica y la vida social en general. Estos fueron evolucionando, y ya para el siglo XII, Moisés ben Maimónides, interpretando y documentando las leyes orales de la tradición judía, con influencia aristotélica y de Ibn Bayya, entre otros filósofos; había desarrollado una filosofía moral individualista, subjetivis-ta y racionalista; explorando temas como la teoría del valor subjetivo, la para-doja del valor, la acción humana, los límites de la razón, la cooperación social y división del trabajo.

En el presente artículo se investiga, desde una perspectiva austriaca, el pensamiento económico que contiene la tradición judía, y su posible impacto en el surgimiento del sistema capitalista y la civilización moderna. Asimismo, se estudia la influencia que tuvo la tradición judía y la filosofía de Maimónides, en las doctrinas de Santo Tomás de Aquino; las cuales, tomadas y enriqueci-das por los escolásticos de Salamanca, son de acuerdo a algunos pensadores, el tronco de la Escuela Austriaca de Economía.

Palabras clave: capitalismo, escolástica, judaísmo, laissez-faire.

Clasificación JEL: A13, B11, N01, Z12.
Blocking progress in Austrian economics: a rejoinder
Authors: Skousen Mark
Published: March 2021

This paper shows that Block and Barnett (BnB) critique of Gross Out-put (GO) is wrong-headed and misguided, and is another sad example of why their limited version of Austrian economics is blocking the progress of the best that Austrian economics has to offer to the profession.

I reject BnB’s assertion that GO is a «new threat to economic freedom» and «another government con.» To the contrary, the quarterly release of GO data has gone a long way to dispel falsehoods about the economy and government policies, while adding important information about how the economy works. It’s a triumph in supply- side Austrian economics, and should be celebrated by free-market economists everywhere.

Keywords: Gross Output (GO), Austrian economics, structure of production, Hayek triangle, consumer spending.

JEL Classification: B53, E23, E25.

Resumen: Este trabajo muestra que la crítica de Block y Barnett (BnB) a la pro-ducción bruta (GO) es errónea y equivocada, y es otro triste ejemplo de por qué su versión limitada de la economía austriaca está bloqueando el progreso de lo mejor que la economía austriaca puede ofrecer a la profesión.

Concretamente, este trabajo rechaza la afirmación de BnB de que GO es una «nueva amenaza a la libertad económica» y «otra estafa del gobierno». Por el contrario, la publicación trimestral de datos de GO ha recorrido un largo camino para disipar falsedades sobre la economía y las políticas gubernamen-tales, al tiempo que proporciona información sobre cómo funciona la econo-mía. GO representa un triunfo para la economía austriaca de la oferta, y debe ser celebrado por los economistas del mercado libre en cualquier parte.

Palabras clave: Producto bruto (GO), economía austriaca, estructura de la pro-ducción, triángulo de Hayek, gasto del consumidor.

Clasificación JEL: B53, E23, E25.
Anarquía, Dios y el Papa Francisco
Authors: Soto Jesús Huerta de
Published: March 2021

Gracias a todos por su asistencia a este acto. De nuevo me produce una gran satisfacción tener la oportunidad de dirigirme a todos los presentes en este X Congreso de Economía Austriaca. Tradicional-mente, mis conferencias versan sobre temas de teoría económica o filosofía liberal. No obstante, el año pasado hice una excepción y desarrollé una pequeña incursión en el ámbito de la política con-creta: creo que la coyuntura de nuestro país entonces así lo justifi-caba. Este año también vamos a hacer una excepción para llevar a cabo una incursión en el ámbito de la Teología.

Hace unos años, la profesora María Blanco me hizo una entre-vista para un libro sobre los economistas españoles más notables y en ella ya incidí en que era muy importante que en el enfoque mul-tidisciplinar de la Escuela Austriaca no olvidáramos la Teología: sin duda alguna son muy importantes la Filosofía, el Derecho, etc., pero la Teología también es un ámbito que no hay que olvidar y debemos desarrollar. Hoy, por tanto, vamos a intentar hacer juntos un pequeño trabajo de investigación sobre la Teología y su relación con el movimiento libertario.

Mis primeras palabras tendrían que ser de agradecimiento para el Papa Francisco, porque el contenido de las siguientes reflexiones ha sido inspirado por él. Concretamente, por sus comentarios sobre los libertarios, que introduce en el Mensaje a los Participantes en la Sesión Plenaria de la Pontificia Comisión de Ciencias Sociales del pasado 28 de abril. O sea que le agradecemos al Papa Francisco que haya dado pie a lo que hoy voy a decir.

También me gustaría indicarles que yo preparé esta conferencia a la sombra de un pino, a las orillas del mar Mediterráneo, en mi casa de Mallorca, el pasado sábado 13 de mayo de 2017: exacta-mente 100 años después de la aparición de la Virgen de Fátima a los tres pastorcillos portugueses, Francisco, Jacinta y Lucía. Por cierto, el mensaje más importante de la Virgen de Fátima era que una gran desgracia iba a llegar al mundo con la Revolución comu-nista en Rusia, de modo que había que rezar mucho por Rusia: parece que los rezos tuvieron su efecto y después de más de 70 años cayó el Muro y desapareció el comunismo real. Aunque hay que decir que, en lo que a comunismo y marxismo cultural se refiere, todavía impera por doquier; incluso en amplios ámbitos de la Iglesia Católica. Por todo ello, déjenme dedicar la intervención de hoy a la Virgen de Fátima.