bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Unified Feature Selection Model for High Dimensional Clinical Data Using Mutated Binary Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Puyalnithi Thendral , Vankadara Madhuviswanatham
Published: January 2021

This article contends that feature selection is an important pre-processing step in case the data set is huge in size with many features. Once there are many features, then the probability of existence of noisy features is high which might bring down the efficiency of classifiers created out of that. Since the clinical data sets naturally having very large number of features, the necessity of reducing the features is imminent to get good classifier accuracy. Nowadays, there has been an increase in the use of evolutionary algorithms in optimization in feature selection methods due to the high success rate. A hybrid algorithm which uses a modified binary particle swarm optimization called mutated binary particle swarm optimization and binary genetic algorithm is proposed in this article which enhanced the exploration and exploitation capability and it has been a verified with proposed parameter called trade off factor through which the proposed method is compared with other methods and the result shows the improved efficiency of the proposed method over other methods.
Determination of Spatial Variability of Rock Depth of Chennai
Authors: Samui Pijush , R. Viswanathan , J. Jagan , Kurup Pradeep U.
Published: January 2021

This study adopts four modeling techniques Ordinary Kriging(OK), Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN), Genetic Programming(GP) and Minimax Probability Machine Regression(MPMR) for prediction of rock depth(d) at Chennai(India). Latitude (Lx) and Longitude(Ly) have been used as inputs of the models. A semivariogram has been constructed for developing the OK model. The developed GP gives equation for prediction of d at any point in Chennai. A comparison of four modeling techniques has been carried out. The performance of MPMR is slightly better than the other models. The developed models give the spatial variability of rock depth at Chennai.
A Novel Hybrid Genetic Algorithm for Unconstrained and Constrained Function Optimization
Authors: Mishra Rajashree , Das Kedar Nath
Published: January 2021

During the past decade, academic and industrial communities are highly interested in evolutionary techniques for solving optimization problems. Genetic Algorithm (GA) has proved its robustness in solving all most all types of optimization problems. To improve the performance of GA, several modifications have already been done within GA. Recently GA has been hybridized with many other nature-inspired algorithms. As such Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) is popular bio inspired algorithm based on the foraging behavior of E. coli bacteria. Many researchers took active interest in hybridizing GA with BFO. Motivated by such popular hybridization of GA, an attempt has been made in this chapter to hybridize GA with BFO in a novel fashion. The Chemo-taxis step of BFO plays a major role in BFO. So an attempt has been made to hybridize Chemo-tactic step with GA cycle and the algorithm is named as Chemo-inspired Genetic Algorithm (CGA). It has been applied on benchmark functions and real life application problem to prove its efficacy.
Research on an Improved Coordinating Method Based on Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Li Rongrong , Qiu Linrun , Zhang Dongbo
Published: January 2021

In this article, a hierarchical cooperative algorithm based on the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization is proposed that the paper should utilize the global searching ability of genetic algorithm and the fast convergence speed of particle swarm optimization. The proposed algorithm starts from Individual organizational structure of subgroups and takes full advantage of the merits of the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the genetic algorithm (HCGA-PSO). The algorithm uses a layered structure with two layers. The bottom layer is composed of a series of genetic algorithm by subgroup that contributes to the global searching ability of the algorithm. The upper layer is an elite group consisting of the best individuals of each subgroup and the particle swarm algorithm is used to perform precise local search. The experimental results demonstrate that the HCGA-PSO algorithm has better convergence and stronger continuous search capability, which makes it suitable for solving complex optimization problems.
Decision Choice Optimization With Genetic Algorithm in Communication Networks
Authors: Ait Omar Driss , El Amrani Mohamed , Garmani Hamid , Baslam Mohamed , Fakir Mohamed
Published: January 2021

Optimization is an essential tool in the field of decision support. In this chapter, the authors study an inverse problem applied in the telecommunication networks. Indeed, in the telecommunication networks, service providers have subscription offers to customers. Since competition is strong in this sector, most of these advertising offerings, totally or partially ambiguous, are prepared to attract the attention of consumers. For this reason, customers face problems in making decisions about the choice of the operators that gives them a better report price/QoS. Mathematical modeling of this decision support problem led to the resolution of an inverse problem. More precisely, the inverse problem is to find the function of the QoS real knowing the QoS theoretical or advertising. This model will help customers who seek to know the degree of sincerity of their operators, and it is an opportunity for operators who want to maintain their resources so that they gain the trust of customers.
A Modified Kruskal's Algorithm to Improve Genetic Search for Open Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Dutta Joydeep , Barma Partha Sarathi , Kar Samarjit , De Tanmay
Published: January 2021

This article has proposed a modified Kruskal's method to increase the efficiency of a genetic algorithm to determine the path of least distance starting from a central point to solve the open vehicle routing problem. In a vehicle routing problem, vehicles start from a central point and several customers placed in different locations to serve their demands and return to the central point. In the case of the open vehicle routing problem, the vehicles do not go back to the central point after serving the customers. The challenge is to reduce the number of vehicles used and the distance travelled simultaneously. The proposed method applies genetic algorithms to find the set of customers those are covered by a particular vehicle and the authors have applied the proposed modified Kruskal's method for local routing optimization. The results of the new method are analyzed in comparison with some of the evolutionary methods.
Application of Natural-Inspired Paradigms on System Identification
Authors: Giesbrecht Mateus , Bottura Celso Pascoli
Published: January 2021

In this chapter, the application of nature-inspired paradigms on system identification is discussed. A review of the recent applications of techniques such as genetic algorithms, genetic programming, immuno-inspired algorithms, and particle swarm optimization to the system identification is presented, discussing the application to linear, nonlinear, time invariant, time variant, monovariable, and multivariable cases. Then the application of an immuno-inspired algorithm to solve the linear time variant multivariable system identification problem is detailed with examples and comparisons to other methods. Finally, the future directions of the application of nature-inspired paradigms to the system identification problem are discussed, followed by the chapter conclusions.
Variable Selection Method for Regression Models Using Computational Intelligence Techniques
Authors: Dhamodharavadhani S.  , Rathipriya R.
Published: January 2021

Regression model (RM) is an important tool for modeling and analyzing data. It is one of the popular predictive modeling techniques which explore the relationship between a dependent (target) and independent (predictor) variables. The variable selection method is used to form a good and effective regression model. Many variable selection methods existing for regression model such as filter method, wrapper method, embedded methods, forward selection method, Backward Elimination methods, stepwise methods, and so on. In this chapter, computational intelligence-based variable selection method is discussed with respect to the regression model in cybersecurity. Generally, these regression models depend on the set of (predictor) variables. Therefore, variable selection methods are used to select the best subset of predictors from the entire set of variables. Genetic algorithm-based quick-reduct method is proposed to extract optimal predictor subset from the given data to form an optimal regression model.
Performance Analysis of Nature-Inspired Algorithms-Based Bayesian Prediction Models for Medical Data Sets
Authors: Kumar Amit , Sarkar Bikash Kanti
Published: January 2021

Research in medical data prediction has become an important classification problem due to its domain specificity, voluminous, and class imbalanced nature. In this chapter, four well-known nature-inspired algorithms, namely genetic algorithms (GA), genetic programming (GP), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and ant colony optimization (ACO), are used for feature selection in order to enhance the classification performances of medical data using Bayesian classifier. Naïve Bayes is most widely used Bayesian classifier in automatic medical diagnostic tools. In total, 12 real-world medical domain data sets are selected from the University of California, Irvine (UCI repository) for conducting the experiment. The experimental results demonstrate that nature-inspired Bayesian model plays an effective role in undertaking medical data prediction.
A Novel Approach for Business Process Model Matching Using Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Abdelkader Mostefai , Rodríguez de Guzmán Ignacio García
Published: January 2021

This paper formulates the process model matching problem as an optimization problem and presents a heuristic approach based on genetic algorithms for computing a good enough alignment. An alignment is a set of not overlapping correspondences (i.e., pairs) between two process models(i.e., BP) and each correspondence is a pair of two sets of activities that represent the same behavior. The first set belongs to a source BP and the second set to a target BP. The proposed approach computes the solution by searching, over all possible alignments, the one that maximizes the intra-pairs cohesion while minimizing inter-pairs coupling. Cohesion of pairs and coupling between them is assessed using a proposed heuristic that combines syntactic and semantic similarity metrics. The proposed approach was evaluated on three well-known datasets. The results of the experiment showed that the approach has the potential to match business process models effectively.
Performance Evaluation of Population Seeding Techniques of Permutation-Coded GA Traveling Salesman Problems Based Assessment
Authors: Paul Victer , Ganeshkumar C  , Jayakumar L
Published: January 2021

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are a population-based meta-heuristic global optimization technique for dealing with complex problems with a very large search space. The population initialization is a crucial task in GAs because it plays a vital role in the convergence speed, problem search space exploration, and also the quality of the final optimal solution. Though the importance of deciding problem-specific population initialization in GA is widely recognized, it is hardly addressed in the literature. In this article, different population seeding techniques for permutation-coded genetic algorithms such as random, nearest neighbor (NN), gene bank (GB), sorted population (SP), and selective initialization (SI), along with three newly proposed ordered-distance-vector-based initialization techniques have been extensively studied. The ability of each population seeding technique has been examined in terms of a set of performance criteria, such as computation time, convergence rate, error rate, average convergence, convergence diversity, nearest-neighbor ratio, average distinct solutions and distribution of individuals. One of the famous combinatorial hard problems of the traveling salesman problem (TSP) is being chosen as the testbed and the experiments are performed on large-sized benchmark TSP instances obtained from standard TSPLIB. The scope of the experiments in this article is limited to the initialization phase of the GA and this restricted scope helps to assess the performance of the population seeding techniques in their intended phase alone. The experimentation analyses are carried out using statistical tools to claim the unique performance characteristic of each population seeding techniques and best performing techniques are identified based on the assessment criteria defined and the nature of the application.
A Decision-Making Tool for the Optimization of Empty Containers' Return in the Liner Shipping: Optimization by Using the Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Belayachi Naima , Amrani Fouzia , Bouamrane Karim
Published: January 2021

This article describes how in the maritime transportation sector, containerization represents one of the most remarkable improvements. In fact, the different shipping companies provide great efforts, whose purpose is to reduce the cost of this transport. However, these companies are facing a problem of empty containers, which are not available at some ports of Maritime Transport Network (MTN) to meet the clients' demands. This problem is simply a consequence of the imbalance in the distribution of containers through the MTN due to the set of containers that do not return to the origin port. This work offers a decision-making tool to this problem by proposing an optimal return of empty containers. The proposed application is based on evolutionary heuristics. Its principle is to find an optimal solution from a set of several feasible solutions generated during an initial population in order to enable the search of empty containers at lower cost.
Minimization of Energy Using Heuristic Resource Allocation and Migration for Cloud Computing
Authors: Manjunatha S.  , Suresh L.
Published: January 2021

Data center is a cost-effective infrastructure for storing large volumes of data and hosting large-scale service applications. Cloud computing service providers are rapidly deploying data centers across the world with a huge number of servers and switches. These data centers consume significant amounts of energy, contributing to high operational costs. Thus, optimizing the energy consumption of servers and networks in data centers can reduce operational costs. In a data center, power consumption is mainly due to servers, networking devices, and cooling systems, and an effective energy-saving strategy is to consolidate the computation and communication into a smaller number of servers and network devices and then power off as many unneeded servers and network devices as possible.
Ontology-Based Analysis of Website Structure for Benchmarking in Retail Business
Authors: Vlahovic Nikola , Brljak Andrija , Pejic-Bach Mirjana
Published: January 2021

With the growing trend of digital transformation, electronic business has become a crucial part of business operations for many companies. Some of the most critical steps in successful transformation pertain not only to data and information acquisition and digitalization but also to adequate publishing and organization of these information resources. Companies share information through their websites, so the structuring of the web content becomes critical during the digital transformation of business. In this paper, the authors present a conceptual model of the managerial tool that is based on semantic analysis of web sites in order to obtain information about the structure of web sites in a particular domain. The resulting ontological model contains information about best practices in web information organization and can be a valuable resource for management when deciding on the organization of their own web content. The system is based on grounded theory and uses current information retrieval methods, natural language processing, semantic networks, and ontologies.
A Modified Binary Descriptor for Object Detection
Authors: Rani Ritu , Kumar Ravinder , Singh Amit Prakash
Published: January 2021

The reliability of computer vision applications highly depends on the extraction of compact, fast, and accurate and robust feature description. This paper presents a better and modified binary descriptor based on ORB (oriented and rotated brief) with the SVM-RBF-RFE (support vector machine-radial basis function-recursive feature elimination) to achieve a better extraction and representation of local binary descriptors. This work presents the extensive comparison of the proposed modified descriptor with the state-of-the-art binary descriptors on various datasets. The results show that the proposed descriptor is highly distinctive and efficient as compared to the other state-of-the-art binary descriptors. The experiments were performed on the four benchmark datasets PASCAL, CALTECH, COIL, and OXFORD to demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed descriptor. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed descriptor is tested under the various transformations like scaling, rotation, noise, intensity variation.
Algorithm for Vertical Handover Decision in Vehicular Environment
Authors: Goutam Siddharth , Unnikrishnan Srija
Published: January 2021

In the present scenario, co-existence of various wireless networks necessitates efficient vertical handover decision algorithms to maintain cost effective seamless connectivity across various networks, as the user is moving from one place to another. In this paper, the authors have presented a vertical handover decision algorithm which calculates a fitness value for each available network based on received signal strength, channel capacity, cost, battery life, velocity, and quality of service (QoS). In addition, the travelling speed of the user and the vehicular density at that time is used to capture the handover track of the user for network management. An alternate model using fuzzy inference system is also presented.
Study of Electrochemical Behavior, Hydrogen Permeation and Diffusion in Pipeline Steel
Authors: Dey Swapna , Sivaprasad Seetharaman , Das Nityananda , Chattoraj Indranil
Published: January 2021

The pipeline steels which are used for transportation of natural gas and crude oil suffer from hydrogen damage at their internal as well as external surfaces. The internal surfaces of pipelines are generally affected due to hydrogen induced cracking and the external surfaces due to the soil environmental conditions which cause stress corrosion cracking. In the present investigation, the electrochemical corrosion behavior of X70 pipeline steel was studied in sour environment and near neutral soil environment. To assess the mechanism of hydrogen damage in steel, electrochemical hydrogen charging and permeation techniques were used to characterize the hydrogen distribution, trapping and its diffusion in X70 pipeline steel. It has been found that corrosion behavior of pipeline steel in the sour environment is higher than the near neutral soil solution. From the hydrogen permeation study it is established that the hydrogen permeation rate increases with the square root of the charging current density, and the increase of hydrogen flux is directly proportional to the subsurface hydrogen concentration.
A Short Review on Jute Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Shelar Prashant B. , Narendra Kumar U.
Published: January 2021

Composites have been used from very long time for solving technological problems withuse of Natural Fibers due to their unique, superior properties and light weight. Natural Fibers are nowa common material used and has created an impact in terms of product performance and their lightweight. Natural Fibers have created an enthusiasm and use of them has been increased to take overthe place of synthetic fibers in different fields. Jute fiber is assuring reinforcement in composite. Juteoneof the natural Fiber, is most promising and is readily available, degradable and possesses goodmechanical properties. This review is to provide a focus on Jute Fiber and its use different sectors suchas construction sector, automobile sector, textile sector, etc. In addition to this, it also gives basic ideaof Natural Fibers and their Reinforced Composite. This review provides an overview of importance ofthe factors to be considered when designing the composites which affects the mechanical properties.
Development of Functionally Graded Concrete Using Rubber Fiber
Authors: Choudhary Sumit , Jain Abhishek , Chaudhary Sandeep , Gupta Rajesh
Published: January 2021

The current study investigates the functionally graded concrete (FGC) prepared using waste rubber tyre fibers as replacement of fine aggregates (FA) at a constant w/c ratio of 0.45. FGC is a continuously graded concrete which has different properties either in top or bottom portion according to the properties of materials added. Different materials like fly ash, steel fibers, glass granules, crushed granite aggregates, etc., has been utilized by different researchers to prepare FGC. The percentage replacement of rubber fibers used was 0-20% at 5% intervals and 30% to prepare control concrete (CC), rubber fiber concrete (RFC) and rubberized functionally graded concrete (RFGC). The fresh and hardened properties were performed on the concrete samples for the detailed analysis. Workability, density, compressive strength, flexural strength and water permeability tests were conducted on the different types of concrete. Flexural strength was better observed for RFC and RFGC as compared to CC. Compressive strength and depth of penetration values decreased with the addition of rubber fibers, however, RFGC had better values as compared to RFC. Study concluded that RFGC could be a sustainable approach towards the construction were flexural strength is mainly required.
New-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in a patient with Hashimoto thyroiditis: a case report
Authors: Schipani Elena , Cozzi Andrea , Murgida Giuseppe Salvatore , Francolini Valentina , Sisti Eleonora , Di Martino Stefania , Dainelli Francesca , Vecchio Rosa , Grifoni Elisa , Masotti Luca
Published: January 2021

New onset type 1 diabetes mellitus is an uncommon but possible complication triggered by SARSCoV- 2 infection. Metabolic inflammation supported by cytokine storm leading to pancreatic beta cells destruction is the most probable link between COVID-19 and diabetes. Here, we describe the case of a 51-year-old female suffering from Hashimoto thyroiditis, who came to our attenction for new onset polyuria-polydipsia syndrome associated to hyperglycemia after a mild form of COVID- 19 recognized two months before and already recovered. Type 1 diabetes was diagnosed.
Stability assessment of S-L-102-19/S-102-21 sill pillars and adjacent stopes of the Niobec mine, Chicoutimi, Quebec - part iv
Authors: Yu Y S , Wong A S , Toews N A
Published: January 2021

A series of co-operative research studies on mine stability has been carried out with the participation of the Niobec Mine, Chicoutimi, Quebec. Part IV, in part, involves a stability evaluation of S-L-102-19 and S-102-21 sill pillars and adjacent areas under
measured mine stress conditions. Analytic studies were also carried out to evaluate the effect of extraction of the support pillars at the upper level on the overall stability of the mine structure. Three-dimensional finite element techniques were used in these studies. It was established that under
actual field stress conditions the effect of mining C-102-19 and C-102-21 stopes (lower mining blocks) on ground stability conditions around stopes at the upper mining blocks would be nominal. In addition, the recovery of support pillars at the upper levels did not produce large compressive stresses
which could jeopardize the integrity of the mine structure. However, localized tensile failure may occur around the stopes. Based on the use of Drucker/Prager yield criterion, Hoek and Brown's empirical failure criterion, and assumptions concerning in situ rock properties, analytic studies indicated
no potential failure zones. However, tensile stresses did occur in stope walls and pillars reaching a maximum value of 1.77 MPa. Therefore, localized tensile failure was established as a possibility if joints were unfavorably oriented with respect to tensile stresses.
Detrital mineral provenance analyses from the Cretaceous McMurray Formation, Alberta and the Holocene Portneuf river delta, North Shore of Quebec
Authors: Pe-Piper G , Piper D J W , Blowick A , Gomez Garcia G , Wallace K , Sangster C
Published: January 2021

The dispersion of sandy sediment by the early Cretaceous Sable River has been further investigated by detailed mineralogical study of (a) two samples from the Aptian McMurray Formation of Alberta and (b) a Holocene deltaic deposit on the North Shore of the St
Lawrence Estuary. Samples from Alberta were to test the hypothesis that Aptian diversion of the Sable River led to it flowing to the Western Interior Seaway, contributing sand to the McMurray Formation. Pb-isotopes in K-feldspar show that most of the first cycle feldspars in the McMurray Formation
were derived from the local Trans-Hudson Orogen. The heavy mineral assemblage, particularly the abundance of staurolite and paucity of chromite, is different from that of the Sable River. The Holocene deltaic sand was analysed to identify distinctive heavy minerals from that part of the Grenville
terrane. Garnets are similar to enigmatic garnets from the Jurassic of the Mohawk B-93 well, where Pb-isotopes on K-feldspar also suggest a Grenville source. Titania minerals with abundant quartz inclusions, known from both the Scotian Basin and the McMurray Formation, were not present in the
Holocene sample and their provenance significance remains enigmatic.
Exact Controllability and Stabilization of Locally Coupled Wave Equations: Theoretical Results
Authors: Gerbi Stéphane , Kassem Chiraz , Mortada Amina , Wehbe Ali
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we study the exact controllability and stabilization of a system of two wave equations coupled by velocities with an internal, local control acting on only one equation. We distinguish two cases. In the first one, when the waves propagate at the same speed: using a frequency domain approach combined with multiplier technique, we prove that the system is exponentially stable when the coupling region is a subset of the damping region and satisfies the geometric control condition GCC (see Definition 3.1 below). Following a result of Haraux [10], we establish the main indirect observability inequality. This results leads, by the HUM method, to prove that the total system is exactly controllable by means of locally distributed control. In the second case, when the waves propagate at different speed, we establish an exponential decay rate in the weak energy space under appropriate geometric conditions. Consequently, the system is exactly controllable using a result of [10].
Perceived influence of economic recession and psychological adjustment on students' learning among undergraduate students of University of Calabar
Authors: Ofoegbu Jude Uzodinma , Amalu Melvina A. , Uchegbu Henrietta
Published: January 2021

The study investigated the perceived influence of economic recession and psychological adjustment on students’ learning among year two undergraduate students of the Faculty Education, University of Calabar, Cross River State. In carrying out the study, 200 respondents were randomly selected from a population of 2000. That is 10% of the total population of900 males and 1100females. Two research questions -were posed while two hypotheses were formulated. A researcher designed instrument titled “Economic Recession and Psychological Adjustment Questionnaire for Undergraduate Students” (ERPAQUS) was used for data collection. The instrument was subjected to face validity by experts in Educational Psychology and measurement and evaluation of the University of Calabar. The reliability estimate of the instrument was established using the Cronbach Alpha reliability method to determined the internal reliability index. The data collected were analyzed using independent t-test and Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis. The study indicated that there is a significant relationship among economic recession, psychological adjustment and undergraduate students of the University of Calabar, Cross River State. It also indicated various ways the students have adopted to tackle the excruciating pains posed by the economic down turn in the country. However, the government, parents and school authority were advised to help in alleviating the sufferings of the students by providing good policy initiative to assist the students in school.
Physico-chemical characterization of liquid waste from sugar production unit labs in Zuenoula, Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kedi Atolé Brice Bienvenu , Kouame Yao Francis , Kouassi Seka Simplice , Abry Alika Odile , Konan Koffi Félix
Published: January 2021

Managing liquid waste from the laboratories of Integrated Agricultural Unit (IAU) of Zuénoula (Côte d´Ivoire) is a major concern for the decision-makers of the company, who are working to solve this problem in their sustainable development policy. This work aims at quantifying liquid waste from the agronomic laboratories and factory of IAU of Zuénoula and to assess their level of pollution. The quantities of waste produced daily are estimated at 28.5 L, 52.6 L and 2600 L respectively for waste from the agronomy laboratory, the factory laboratory and from the rinsing water from latter's glassware. The following parameters were analyzed, temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, total suspended solids, COD, BOD5, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, zinc, copper, lead and mercury. The results of these analyzes generally showed that waste produced did not comply with national standards. In particular, the level of lead was very high in these liquid wastes and reached 160 times the standard value. These results require a waste treatment system, which would reduce all the parameters, in particular those of the most noxious metals (lead and mercury).Keywords: Heavy metals, Pollution, Industrial unit, Ivorian standards, Wastewater.
Determinants of adoption of agri-environmental practices by maize producers organised in cooperatives in the Centre region of Cameroon
Authors: Jaza Folefack Achille Jean , Tchoua Loveline Viviane , Muluh George Achu
Published: January 2021

In response to various environmental problems facing the intensive mode of agricultural production, this study analysed the factors influencing the adoption of agri-environmental practices by maize producers organised in co-operatives in the Centre region of Cameroon by using the case study of PIDMA project. For this reason, the survey was undertaken in all the 15 villages grouping maize producers in two out of the four cooperatives under the regional coordinating unit of the project (PIDMA). Data on the socio-economic situation of producers, level of knowledge and applicability of environmental practices were gathered in the study area from 50 out of 88 (i.e. 56.8%) active maize producers. The descriptive field results revealed that the adoption of agri-environmental practices was related to social, psychological and economic characteristics of producers. The binary logit model results indicated that the adoption of agri-environmental practices was associated with the frequency of PIDMA agricultural training and cultivated area under maize. However, certain variables such as gender, age, education level, marital status, cost of implementing practice, lack of funding, labour type, time spent for the implementation of the practice, income source, technical and professional support did not seem to be associated with the adoption of agri-environmental practices. In conclusion, the study recommended to the maize farmers, the setting up of working groups of at least 10 maize producers in order to practice rotations in the fields of each member of the group. The study also recommended the agricultural development projects to define and provide relatively simple mechanisms to enhance farmers’ performance such as financial assistance, demonstration workshops in the fields and to allocate environmental assistants to each co-operative’s headquarters.Keywords: Cooperative, logit model, maize producer, agricultural development project, socio-economic factors.
DNA Barcode Authentication and Improvement of Andrographolide Yield in Andrographis paniculata Plant
Authors: Oseni B. A. , Azubuike C. P. , Okubanjo O. O.
Published: January 2021

Background: Andrographolide, the major bioactive compound responsible for most pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial activity exhibited by the Andrographis paniculata plant is present in small quantities. In addition, the genus Andrographis has about 28 species most of which possess no medicinal value. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) barcode is utilized in species identification and plant authentication.Objectives: This study aimed at authenticating Andrographis paniculata using DNA barcodes and improving the yield of andrographolide via enzymatic treatment.Materials and Method: The DNA of Andrographis plant was obtained using the Qiagen kit. The psbA-trnH and rbcL DNA barcode regions were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Presence of amplified regions was confirmed using gel electrophoresis and the amplicons were sequenced. A blast N search was performed on the sequenced DNA. The constituents of A. paniculata dried leaves was extracted using methanol, followed by treatment with and without β glucosidase. The extract obtained was dried and partitioned using ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate fraction was concentrated and dissolved in methanol. Andrographolide content was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results: The psbA-trnH and rbcL DNA regions were successfully amplified having 358 and 604 bp respectively. The DNA barcode sequences obtained were identical to the psbA-trnH (97%) and rbcL (99%) genes of A. paniculata voucher MICET P00101. The mean andrographolide yield was 9.4±0.11mg/g and 8.9±0.13mg/g dry weight for the treatment and control groups respectively; statistical analysis at p = 0.05 shows a significant difference.Conclusion: The Andrographis plant used in this study was confirmed to be Andrographis paniculata, enzymatic treatment increased andrographolide yield from the plant.

Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide, authentication, DNA barcodes, β-glucosidase.
Oral Glucose-Lowering Agent Treatments in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: İMAMOĞLU Şazi
Published: January 2021

Type 2 diabetes is manifested by impaired insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells, increased glucagon secretion in alpha cells, and generally has a history of insulin resistance. The treatment of glucose metabolism disorder and the resulting hyperglycemia constitute an important part of the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Glycemic targets can be targeted with A1C
Teaching English pronunciation to a Russian speaker (a single-case analysis)
Authors: Akhmetova Anara Kairatovna
Published: January 2021

This article provides an analysis of a Russian-speaking student's speech sample compared to British normative pronunciation. A number of inconsistencies with the "generally accepted pronunciation" of vowels and consonants,as well as the rhythm of speech, were identified in the speaker's pronunciation. The article discusses the most common mistakes in the student's speech and offers phonetic exercises to improve articulation.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Pemberian Erythromycin dan Metoclopramide sebagai Prokinetik Pasca Operasi Laparotomi Digestif di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Ibnu Syahmardani , Erdani Ferry , Ismy Jufriady
Published: January 2021

Latar Belakang. Gastroparesis atau ileus pasca operasi (IPO) merupakan kondisi yang normal, bersifat sementara, dan merupakan respon fisiologis pasca prosedur operasi abdominal. Jika berkepanjangan, IPO dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan beban biaya kesehatan. Beberapa obat yang berperan sebagai prokinetik, seperti diantaranya metoclopramid dan erythromycin. Penggunaan kedua obat tersebut masih sangat minim khususnya di Indonesia dalam konteks mencegah terjadinya IPO.

Tujuan. Menilai efektifitas erythromycin dan metocloprtamide sebagai prokinetik pada pasien yang menjalani prosedur pembedahan laparotomi.

Metode. Penelitian uji klinis ketersamaran ganda dengan desain paralel. Subjek dibedakan menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan yaitu dengan pemberian erythromycin 250 mg dan metoclopramide 10 mg secara oral 60 menit sebelum operasi. Independent t test digunakan sebagai analisa utama dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.

Hasil. 38 subjek terlibat dalam penelitian ini yang didominasi oleh jenis kelamin laki-laki dengan rerata usia 45,11 ± 15,38 dan 53,84 ± 10,73 pada kelompok erythromycin dan metoclopramide secara berurutan. Rerata residu volume cairan lambung kelompok erythromycin (33,26 ± 15,33 ml/24 jam) lebih minimal dibandingkan kelompok metoclopramide (49,95 ± 17,71 ml/24 jam) dengan nilai signifikansi p=0,004.

Kesimpulan. Pemberian erythromycin lebih efektif dibandingkan metoclopramide sebagai agen prokinetik pasca pembedahan digestif.
Role of Autologous Fibrine Glue to Decrease Seroma Volume On 14th Post Operative Day in Carcinoma Mamae Patients that Underwent Simple Mastectomy
Authors: Maududy Ahmad Iffa , Rizki Kiki Ahmad , Yohana Raden , Jamalek Nadjwa
Published: January 2021

Background: Seroma is the most significant complication that occurred after mastectomy, happen in 25% until 60% cases. Seroma are not life threatening complications, but can lead to serious morbidity, prolonged hospital stay and delay adjuvant therapy. Autologous Fibrin Glue is a hemostatic agent that can accelerate fibrin thread formation, stop vascular oozing and decrease dead space. This research was performed to evaluate Autologous Fibrin Glue function in lowering seroma volume at 14th days after simple mastectomy.

Methods: This research is a clinical trial to compare average seroma volume between advance stage locally breast carcinoma patients group which are given Autologous Fibrin Glue on the surface of surgical wound, 14 days after simple mastectomy (trial group) and control group (without special treatment) with ultrasonography.

Result: From 42 patients who met the inclusion criteria, divided into 2 groups, 21 patients were given Autologous Fibrin Glue on the surgical wound surface in a simple mastectomy procedure, 21 patients as a control group. The number of seromas in the treatment group was measured using ultrasound on the 14th day, fewer meaningfully than the control group, the median seroma volume in the treatment group was 9,30 mL and median seroma volume in the control group was 20.90 mL. The P value in the variable number of seroma is smaller than 0.05 (P. < 0.05) which means significant, the number of seromas measured using ultrasonography (USG) on the 14th day, fewer meaningfully in the treatment group.

Conclusion: Subjects that was given Autologous Fibrin Glue on the surface of surgical wound after simple mastectomy has a lower volume of seroma compared to control group.
Conocimiento o ignorancia
Authors: Forero Illera Elias
Published: January 2021

Cuando ignoras, no temes, vives feliz pues no conoces las implicaciones de padecer tal o cual patología. El atrevimiento de la ignorancia proporciona el valor y la tranquilidad que el conocimiento te quita.
Stimulasi Keterampilan Proses Sains Anak Melalui Model Pembelajaran Sains Berbasis Proyek
Authors: Farida Niken
Published: January 2021

This study aims to improve the science process skills of children aged 5-6 years through a project-based learning model. This research is a type of quasy experiment with an equivalent time series design. The research subjects consisted of 88 group children, namely children aged 5-6 years from 6 Kindergartens in Sleman Regency. Data collection was carried out using observation. Then the data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and got the sig value. 0.00, which means that there is a difference in the mean ranking of process science skills after using a project-based science learning model, so the results of this study indicate that an effective project-based science learning model is used to improve science process skills of children aged 5-6 years.
Lojistik Köy Yer Seçiminde Dikkate Alınan Değişkenlerin Kıyaslama Yaklaşımı ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: KELEŞ Nuh , PEKKAYA Mehmet
Published: January 2021

Sürekli değişim içinde olan müşteri talepleri ve artan rekabete göre firmalar tedarik, taşımacılık ve depolama gereksinimlerini daha çok fayda sağlayacak şekilde planlamaktadırlar. Avrupa’da lojistik sektörü toplamda 836 milyar Euro'luk cirosu ile ekonomik sektörler tablosunda 3. sırada yer almaktadır. Lojistik sektörünün önemiyle gelişen lojistik köyler, ülke ve bölge ticaretine sağladıkları katkıları sebebiyle küresel pazarlarda önemli kazançlar sağlamaktadır. Lojistik köylerin taşıma imkânları, oluşturulacak depolama alanları ve istihdamlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda yerlerinin belirlenmesinde hangi değişkenlerin kullanılacağı önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı lojistik köy yeri seçiminde dikkate alınan değişkenlerin kıyaslama yaklaşımıyla belirlenmesi ve elde edilen bulguları/sonuçları araştırmacılar ile karar vericilere bilgi olarak sunmaktır. Araştırma sonucunda 6 faktör ve 29 alt kriter üzerinden lojistik köy yer seçim sürecinin değerlendirilmesine karar verilmiştir. Lojistik köy yer seçimi kararlarında ticaret potansiyeli faktörünün ve buna ait değişkenlerin önemle dikkate alınması önerilmiştir.
Content and analysis of professional development courses for teachers of higher education institutions
Authors: Pozilova Shakhnoza Khaydaraliyevna
Published: January 2021

The article considered the problem of professional creativity of pedagogical staff of Higher Education institutions. Despite of these author analyzed system of professional development courses for teachers of higher education institutions
Relationship marketing and consumer buying behavior in food and beverage firms in port harcourt metropolis
Authors: Godswill Chinedu Chukwu  , Miyene Charles Tom
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the impact of relationship marketing on consumer buying behavior in the food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt metropolis. The study also seeks to find out whether considerable pricing system, quality product and service offering and effective and efficient customer service unit affect consumer buying behavior. This study adopted descriptive research design. The populations are all customers of all food and beverage drinks firms in Port Harcourt. A sample size of 375 persons was randomly selected while 358 questionnaires were successfully retrieved and used for the analysis. Sample size was determined using Morgan Krejcie table (1970). Data was collected by use of questionnaire. Three research questions were posed and three hypotheses were tested. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics while inferential statistics e.g. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to test the stated hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt lack considerable pricing system which affect consumer buying behavior negatively; that quality product and service offering impact customers’ referral and that effective and efficient customer service unit enhance customer loyalty in food and beverage firms in Port Harcourt. The study concluded that relationship marketing affect consumer buying behavior in food and beverage firms  Port Harcourt.
Analysis of factors affecting consumer loyalty for shopping in Indonesia traditional market
Authors: Ubaidillah Hasan
Published: January 2021

This research aims to determine the effect of experiential marketing to consumer loyalty in Krian traditional market, Sidoarjo, Indonesia. The object of this research is the people who shop at the Krian traditional market. The sampling technique used a purposive sampling method, namely the technique of determining the sample by considering certain criteria that have been determined in advance by the researcher. The sample was taken by as many as 100 respondents. The data analysis test used the F test, T test, and multiple linear regression methods with the PSS 21 tool. The results of this study indicate that experiential marketing has a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty in Krian traditional market.
Language is a symbol of our national pride
Authors: Shamuratova Yulduz
Published: January 2021

The mother tongue is as sacred as the Motherland, parents and family are precious to everyone. When a child is born, he is given a name in his mother tongue, Allah is said in his mother tongue, and he speaks words in his mother tongue. The notion of the mother tongue is therefore a sacred value instilled in the blood of each of us. He plays an important role in finding a small place in our society, in shaping us into mature people who will benefit the people. The mother tongue is an example of the unity and solidarity of the nation, its pride and spirit.
Introduction of problem historical issues to young people in the comprehensive study of the history of Uzbek statehood
Authors: Uroqova Nigora Salomovna
Published: January 2021

This article contains information on the issues of introducing the problem of historiography into the minds of young people in a comprehensive study of the history of the Uzbek statehood. The current tasks for a comprehensive, objective study of the history of Uzbekistan over the years of independence and the reforms carried out are summarized.
New methods in the study of English grammar
Authors: Djabborova Zilola Ilhomovna  , Muhammadiyeva Feruza Ruzimurodovna  , Xasanova Xulkar Rashidovna
Published: January 2021

This article is about methods that are completely new to learning English and help the student learn quickly. There is also extensive information on the usefulness of these methods. In this case, different research points have been analyzed by using various methods as a whole. In conclusion, in this point outcomes and shortcomings of the issue have been stated out.
About sociolinguistics and its problems
Authors: Salikhova Renata Bulatovna  , Charos Uralova Ganisherovna  , Rajabova Shaxnoza Olbayevna
Published: January 2021

This article is about sociolinguistics, but also about the problems in this discipline. This article also has the views of well-known scientists on sociolinguistics.In this case, both theoretical and methodological points have been pinpointed. Outcomes and shortcomings were mentioned as the whole.
The role of oikonyms in microtoponymis of Bukhara district
Authors: Adizova Nodira Bakhtiyorovna  , Adizova Nigora Bakhtiyorovna
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the people, the nation, the tribes and tribes of the Uzbek people, which were the basis of some microtoponymies in Bukhara District. Attitudes toward the study of ethnonyms are based on their conclusions.
Total new HIV infections in Togo: a box-jenkins arima approach
Authors: Smartson. P. NYONI  , Thabani NYONI
Published: January 2021

Using annual time series data on the total number of new HIV infections in Togo from 1990 – 2018, the study makes predictions for the period 2019 – 2030. The research applies the Box-Jenkins ARIMA methodology. The diagnostic ADF tests show that, J, the series under consideration is an I (2) variable. Based on the AIC, the study presents the ARIMA (0, 2, 2) model as the optimal model. The diagnostic tests further indicate that the presented model is indeed stable and its residuals are not serially correlated and are also normally distributed. The results of the study indicate that the total number of new HIV infections in Togo is projected to decline sharply by 53.5% from the estimated 4791 new infections in 2019 to approximately 2229 new infections by 2030.