bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Going Digital in Design Education: Restructuring the Emotional Bonds in the Online Studio
Authors:   MEF University, Faculty of Arts, Design, and Architecture (FADA), Istanbul, Turkey, Baloglu Yasemin Burcu , Sezgin Ahmet ,   MEF University, Faculty of Arts, Design, and Architecture (FADA), Istanbul, Turkey
Published: July 2021

Higher education has experienced momentous changes in 2020-21 due to the COVID-19 restrictions disrupting face-to-face education. An immediate shift to online education that draws on diverse digital platforms and interfaces took place worldwide. This study aims to present insights into this transition process from the perspective of place attachment and sense of belonging with a focus on the design studio, and it specifically looks at the transition to online education carried out by the Faculty of Arts, Design, and Architecture (FADA) at MEF University. The study draws on semi‐structured interviews conducted with students from the faculty. Responses from the students indicate that they have felt the effects of the transition process in social relationships, time-space routines, safe space, and changes in their perceptions of personal space. Recent research has demonstrated that sense of belonging and place attachment in educational environments positively affect students' academic performance. The data obtained through this study reiterates the significance of these bonds in the design studio context. The discussion introduces a fresh insight into exploring these critical concepts by focusing on the now burgeoning field of online design education.
Situated Learning in Online Architectural Studio Education
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Yaşar University, Izmir, Turkey, Buldan Ece
Published: July 2021

The pandemic causes acceleration in the development of online education. Relatedly, instructors have started to transform already applied methods in studio education and have produced new teaching methodologies in remote education. Since the communication channel in the new system is exposed to a change that creates that open an area for the search of situated learning in terms of interaction among students and between students and instructors that is strongly associated with Vygotsky’s theory of the zone of proximal development in which social interactions is emphasized in learning. In this paper, the components of situated learning will be reading through an online design studio in architectural education. The changing concept of studio culture will be inquired from the issues of the learning environment and situations executed after the shift from physical to digital encountering. Moving of design studio into the online environment brings particular changes to the two aspects of the studio culture, which are studio as a method and studio as an environment. In this respect, an online design studio will be examined as a contextual framework with the theory of situated learning.
A Design Management and Design Thinking Approach for Developing Smart Product Service System Design: Projects from Online Industrial Design Studio
Authors:   Bahcesehir University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Department of Industrial Design. Istanbul, Turkey, Tuncer Manzakoglu Bilgen , Dimli Oraklibel Renk ,   Bahcesehir University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Department of Industrial Design. Istanbul, Turkey
Published: July 2021

Industrial design as profession has begun to expand its scope in business practices with the recent developments in design management, design thinking, and technology. However, curricula of industrial design studio remain traditional and mainly focuses on designing products. In fact, design management and design thinking go beyond product design and expand design’s scope to establishing business strategies, design innovation and service design by positioning humans and their needs at the center. Besides, the technological shift happened through Industry 4.0 enables to adapt IT hardware into systems, products and services, and make them smart and unified. To keep up with these paradigm changes and prepare our students to the rapidly changing business environment, we initiated a Smart Product Service System (Smart-PSS) design project with the 3rd-grade students of Bahçeşehir University in the 2019-2020 Spring semester during which online education had just become a part of our lives. In this article, we present three student projects as case studies of Smart-PSSs designed in three stages as system design, product design, and interface design. As a result, students gain a more holistic approach toward the design process, acknowledge the new expansions of industrial design, and its transformative role for businesses.
Adaptation of First-Year Architectural Design Studio Resources Through Accessibility
Authors:   MEF University, Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture, İstanbul Turkey,, Uzal Derya , Eren Basak ,   MEF University, Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture, İstanbul Turkey,
Published: July 2021

This paper aims to discuss possible adaptations of the essential resources for the first-year architectural design studio's second term under COVID-19 lockdown regulations through experiences from MEF University First-Year Design Studio. Design Studio fundamentals, such as accessibility and materiality, needed to be adapted to studio participants' changing opportunities and places. The second term of the first-year design studio at MEF University is built upon the basic knowledge gained from the first term by improving its physical aspects such as structure, material, and site by forming direct relationships with the resources through analysis and experimentation. Its adaptation to remote studio poses significant difficulties with its intense tactile and material state. New resources and adaptations to the remote studio are grouped under three categories: Curriculum, studio as a workspace, and site. Remote studio experiences are analyzed through changing resources to uncover new possible achievements. Even though there are still irreplaceable components of the regular studio structure, the paper searches for possible adaptations to overcome these challenges of architectural design studio during remote teaching by reassessment of the resources with the accessibility theme.
Exploring Immersive Technology for Architecture that Empowers Marginalized People: An Australian Postgraduate Case Study in Design Education
Authors:   Queensland University of Technology | CSIRO’s Data61, Brisbane, Australia., Jenek Waldemar , Caldwell Glenda ,   Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, Australia., Donovan Jared ,   Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia., Garcia-Hansen Veronica ,   Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia., Adcock Matt ,   CSIRO’s Data61, Canberra, Australia., XI Mingze ,   CSIRO’s Data61, Canberra, Australia., Gonsalves Kavita ,   Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, Australia.
Published: July 2021

This paper examines a case study part of an ongoing PhD research at Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. The case study investigates how architecture students can employ media architecture design with real-time-render software tools to empower people without permanent residence. As part of the assignment students developed a media architecture structure during the semester to support people who are facing homelessness. The target participants of this study were master architecture students at Queensland University of Technology. Students participated in an online survey and semi-structured interviews at the end of the semester to provide feedback about their learning experience during the master class. The data was analysed with thematic analysis. The study results explore the potential of technology to face the ongoing issues of homelessness. It opens the discussion how media architecture can be utilised to target issues such as displacement and marginalization. The results allow to refine future studio education and endeavour how to employ real-time software in a studio context.
A Critical Assessment of an Extended Learning Environment in Interior Design Studio
Authors:   Ozyegin University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Istanbul, Turkey, Ceylanli Zeynep , Aktas Yanas Elif ,   Ozyegin University, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: July 2021

This paper presents a critical assessment of an interior design studio that was constructed face-to-face then online as an extended studio environment through spatial and technological means. In the Interior Design Studio III, students were expected to design an experiential retail store aiming at answering the contemporary customer and brand interactive experience. The concept of ‘interactive experience’ was central not only in terms of a project outcome but also of the studio process: an experiential learning environment is designed to enhance the understanding of the design studio. Within this scope, the collaboration with the maker lab of the university provided technological interfaces and analog model making methods while also expanding the limits of studio space. The interactive experience would not only result in the project outcome but also be integrated to the studio model. This studio model and the topic was conducted face-to-face in the campus three semesters consecutively, while the following two were held online. The study is based on exploratory research using qualitative techniques to analyze the design process of the students in the face-to-face and online experiential learning environment. The main objective is to overview and assess the interior design studio by providing a new perspective to the students about space and user relationship regarding interaction and atmosphere not only in terms of the given design problem but also the ‘environment’ they are experiencing the ways of design.
4-36 Ay Arası Bebeklerin Diş Çıkarma Sürecinde Yaşadıkları Sorunlar ve Annelerin Yaptıkları Uygulamalar
Authors: ERKUT Zeynep , KÖSE Selmin , DUMANDAĞ Fatma
Published: July 2021

Giriş: Diş çıkarma, bütün bebeklerin yaşadığı fizyolojik bir süreçtir. Bu süreçte birçok lokal ve sistemik semptom görülmektedir. Amaç: Araştırma, 4-36 ay arası bebeklerin diş çıkarma sürecinde yaşadıkları sorunları ve annelerin sorunlarla baş etmek için yaptıkları uygulamaları belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırma 30 Ekim 2020-10 Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında İstanbul ilinde bulunan bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezi’nde yürütüldü. Araştırmanın örneklemini bu merkeze kayıtlı 145 bebeğin annesi oluşturdu. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taraması sonucu hazırlanan ‘Anket Formu’ aracılığıyla toplandı. Verilerin analizi SPSS 22.0 programında yapıldı. Bulgular: Bebeklerin ortalama diş çıkarma zamanının 7.55 ± 2.24 (min=4; max=18) ay olduğu bulundu. Bebeklerin çıkan ilk dişinin, sağ alt ön kesici diş (%49.0) olduğu, bunu sol alt ön kesici dişin (%32.4) izlediği saptandı. Diş çıkarma sırasında bebeklerin çoğunun (%95.9) en az bir sorun yaşadığı ve en fazla görülen sorunların huzursuzluk (%76.6), diş etlerinde kızarıklık ve kaşıntı (%64.8), ısırma ve çiğnemede artış (%55.2), salyada artış (%52.4), uykusuzluk (%49.7) ve ateş (%48.3) olduğu saptandı. Bu sorunlara yönelik annelerin en fazla yaptıkları uygulamaların; çiğnemesi için yiyecek verme (%71.0), diş kaşıma halkası verme (%60.0), diş jeli sürme (%43.4), hekimin önerdiği ağrı kesici ilaç verme (%35.9), diş etine masaj yapma (%34.5) olduğu bulundu. Sonuç: Annelerin tamamına yakını diş çıkma sürecinde bebeklerinin sorun yaşadığını belirtmektedir. Hemşireler tarafından bu sorunlara yönelik uygun yöntemlerin seçilmesi konusunda ebeveynlere bilgi verilmelidir.
Pharmacy students’ perceptions and attitudes towards professionalism on social media: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Almetwazi Mansour , Alahmari Ghaida , Alnahdi Nada , Aljamil Fatemah , Aljawadi Mohammad , Alhossan Abdulaziz
Published: July 2021

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the perceptions and attitudes toward social media professionalism among pharmacy students according to gender and program year.   
Methods: An online survey was sent to pharmacy students. The survey contained two sections: a demographics section, and assessment of attitudes toward professionalism and accountability in using social media.    
Results: About 30% of female students disagreed on using social media for hiring decisions compared to 20% of male students. About 41% of female students agreed on the importance of editing social media profiles prior to applying for jobs, compared to 38% of male students. Male students (11%) agreed more than female students (4%) on taking pictures of others without their knowledge. Fifth-year students (85%) disagreed the most on posting descriptions of how to break school or job rules.   
Conclusion: Gender and program years have impacted the perceptions and attitudes toward social media professionalism.
KONTAKTI DECE SA RODITELJIMA LIŠENIM SLOBODE
Authors: Pucarević Bojana , Skrobić Ljiljana
Published: July 2021

Serving a prison sentence is a challenging period, both for the person serving the sentence and for their family members, especially children. Research show that these children are exposed to multiple risks, and one of the risks is the severance of contacts, thus compromising the child’s relationship with their incarcerated parent. The subject of the paper will be the presentation of the importance and challenges in maintaining contacts and relationships between children and their incarcerated parents, as well as some programs and support services. The paper will also present how this issue is regulated in law, policies and practice in Serbia. The paper aims to point out the importance of preserving, improving, and strengthening family relations that have been broken, with an emphasis on the needs and rights of children.
El software como apoyo didáctico en la enseñanza de la electrónica digital en la educación superior en México [Software as a didactic support in the teaching of digital electronics in higher education in Mexico]
Authors: Pérez René
Published: July 2021

La educación actual ha sufrido diversas modificaciones, sobre todo con la aparición del COVID-19 en el mundo. Entre las herramientas tecnológicas que apoyan la actividad didáctica, están los softwares educativos; éstos permiten la simulación de prácticas en laboratorios virtuales que complementan el aprendizaje y permiten demostrar principios teóricos. En el presente artículo se llevó a cabo un análisis documental sobre el uso del software en la electrónica digital, se elaboró un temario común de la materia electrónica digital de las licenciaturas que oferta el Tecnológico Nacional de México. Finalmente se llevó a cabo un análisis del uso del software determinado hacia la materia en cuestión y se estableció una relación que indica el nivel de adecuación de este.
Current education has undergone various modifications, especially with the appearance of COVID-19 in the world. Among the technological tools that support the didactic activity is simulation software; These allow to carry out virtual laboratory practices that complement the learning and allow demonstrating theoretical principles. In this article, a documentary analysis was carried out on the use of software in digital electronics, a common agenda of digital electronic matter of the degrees offered by the Tecnológico Nacional de México was elaborated. Finally, an analysis of the use of the software determined towards the subject in question was carried out and a relationship was established that indicates the level of adequacy. Learning styles were identified in the group of surveyed students, and their relationship with the level of satisfaction and achievement of the software.
Design and Construction of an Automatic Home and Office Power Control System
Authors: Usman Ayinde M. , Ibrahim Oladimeji , Muhammed Yaro S. , Otuoze Abdulrahaman O. , Zakariyya Sikiru O. , Afolayan Mubarak A.
Published: July 2021

In homes and offices, it is very common for occupants to forget to switch OFF the lighting and fans when leaving the premises. This can be attributed to human forgetfulness and the epileptic power supply which causes interruption that results in users forgetting the state of their appliances (whether they are ON or OFF). Consequently, these appliances would continue to work whenever power is restored when the occupants might have vacated the premise. This action is not a small contributor to energy wastage in a country like Nigeria where there is an inadequate energy supply to go round the populace. In this work, a simple but robust automatic home and office power control system is developed to auto-detect the presence of an occupant in the room through the passive infrared (PIR) sensor and control the electrical appliances (lighting and fan source) in the room. Certain conditions must be met for the operation of lighting and the fan source. The lighting comes up when the PIR sensor senses the presence of an occupant and the room is in darkness, while the fan would work when there is an occupant and the temperature in the room is above 35°C. These conditions are programmed to suit the need of the occupant but cannot be changed by the user. The device automatically switches off within five minutes after the last occupant leaves the room. Keywords— Microcontroller, Passive infrared (PIR) sensor, Solid State Relay (SSR), and Switching
Effect of Different Drying Methods on the Drying Kinetics of Fermented Cardaba Banana Peels
Authors: Oni Kunle O , Ajala Adeladun S , Oloye Abraham O
Published: July 2021

Cardaba banana peels (Musa acuminata) were fermented for three days and dried using solar dryer, open sun and tunnel dryer. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to fit in the experimental data.  Moisture drying was investigated using Fick’s second law. Statistical tools such as coefficient of determination (R2), reduced chi square (χ2), Mean Bias Error (MBE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were used to test the reliability of the model. Sample dried in sun had single falling rate pattern whereas samples in solar and tunnel dryer exhibited a second falling rate pattern. The values of R2 ranged from 0.872 - 0.989, χ2(1.4E-34 - 0.0624), MBE (-0.0067 - 0.0491) and RMSE (1.1E-17 - 0.2247). Effective moisture diffusivity for samples dried in solar, tunnel and sun were 2.92 E-11m2/s, 1.98 E-11m2/s and 1.09 E-11m2/s, respectively. The energy of activation in the process was 64.9kJ/mol. Page model best described drying behavior of the samples.Keywords: Fermentation, banana peels, drying, models, diffusivity, activation energy
Performance Evaluation of a Melon Shelling Machine with Different Power Sources
Authors: Esenamunjor Temidayo C. , Ubabuike Ugwu H.
Published: July 2021

Performance evaluation of an electric motor and a fuel-engine powered machine used for shelling melon seeds was performed in this study to determine the effects of shelling speed and moisture content on machine productivity. The melon seeds used for the evaluation of the existing melon shelling machine were sourced locally from Umungasi market in Aba, Abia state, Nigeria. The unshelled melon seeds as used were weighed (25g each), sprinkled with water and partially dried with natural air for 25 minutes. This enabled the skin coat became slightly softened and the cotyledon easily detached from the shell, thus making the shelling more efficient. To evaluate the parameters (machine productivity, throughput capacity and percentage seed damage), the melon seeds were employed. For the shelling performance, melon seeds of five different moisture contents (7.48, 10.24, 13.92, 18.36, 21.44%) dry basis (d.b.) at different shelling speeds (850, 1000 and 1200 rpm) were utilized in the evaluation. From the evaluation, results revealed that the machine has an optimal productivity of over 83% and percentage seed damage of 14.2% at seed moisture content of 21.44% and drum speed of 1200 rpm for both power sources. Maximum machine throughput capacity of over 940 kg/h was recorded at 1200 rpm and 21.44% moisture content for both power sources. Overall, results obtained indicated that the machine can effectively shell melon seeds and that seed moisture contents and shelling speed affected the machine productivity.Keywords— Performance operation, evaluation, motorized, melon, shelling machine
Currency Exchange Forecasting Using Sample Mean Estimator and Multiple Linear Regression Machine Learning Models
Authors: Adewale O S. , Aronu D I. , Adeniyi Adedayo D.
Published: July 2021

In recent time, there is an increasing growth in the amount of trading taking place in the currency exchange market. However, effective analysis and simulation tools for performing accurate prediction of these exchange rates are lacking. To alleviate this challenge, this work presents an hybrid machine learning and prediction model by suitably combining the Sample Mean Estimator (SME) simulation architecture with the multiple linear regression technique based training of feed-forward parameters. The developed model has the capability to overcome prediction inaccuracy, inconsistent forecasting, slow response due to computational complexity and scalability problems. The SME method is used to overcome the problems of uncertainty and non-linearity nature of the predictive variable as it’s always affected by economic and political factors.  The implementation of the proposed currency exchange rate forecasting system is achieved through the use of a developed in-house Java program with Net Beans as the editor and compiler. Performance comparison between the present system and two baseline methods which are the Autoregressive Moving Average and the Deep Belief network techniques demonstrates that the present forecasting model out-performed the baseline methods studied. The experimental result shows that the precision rate of the present system are equal to or greater than 70%. Therefore, the present foreign exchange predictive system is capable of providing usable, consistent, efficient, faster and accurate prediction to the users consistently at any-time.Keywords- currency exchange,, feed-forward. Forecasting, Sample Mean Estimator, multiple linear regressions, prediction
Intelligent Citizenship Identity Through Family Pedigree Using Graph-Signature Based Random-Forest Model
Authors: Adeniyi Adedayo D. , Oladejo Semiu O. , Usman Tiwalade M.
Published: July 2021

There has been a global upsurge of interest in the topic of citizenship identity over the past decades, specifically in the world dominated by profound insecurity, inequalities, proliferation of identities, and rise of identity politics,engendered by capitalism. However finding effective solution to these problems has been rendered difficult. To alleviate these problems, this paper presents an analytical Machine learning model that suitably combined the graph signature with random forest techniques. This study presents the design and realization of a novel Intelligent Citizenship Identity through family pedigree using Graph Signature based random forest (GSB-RF) model. The study also showcases the development of a novel graph signature technique referred to as Canonical Code Signature(CCS) method. The CCS method is used at the pre-processing stage of the identification process to build signature for any given tuple. Performance comparisim between the present system and the baseline techniques which includes: the K-Nearest Neighbour and the traditional Random Forest shows that the present system outperformed the baseline method studied. The proposed system shows capability to perform continuous re-identification of Citizens based on their family pedigree with ability to select best sample with low computational complexity, high identification accuracy and speed. Our experimental result shows that the precision rate and identification quality of our system in most cases are equal to or greater than 70%. Therefore, the proposed Citizenship Identification machine is capable of providing usable, consistent, efficient, faster and accurate identification, to the users, security agents, government agents and institutions on-line, real-time and at any-time.Keywords- Canonical code,Citizenship Identity, Family pedigree,Graph-Signature,Machine learning, Random-forest
Breast Cancer Classification Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Chukwu Jennifer K , Sani Faisal B. , Nuhu Aliyu S.
Published: July 2021

Breast cancer remains the primary causes of death for women and much effort has been depleted in the form of screening series for prevention. Given the exponential growth in the number of mammograms collected, computer-assisted diagnosis has become a necessity. Histopathological imaging is one of the methods for cancer diagnosis where Pathologists examine tissue cells under different microscopic standards but disagree on the final decision. In this context, the use of automatic image processing techniques resulting from deep learning denotes a promising avenue for assisting in the diagnosis of breast cancer. In this paper, an android software for breast cancer classification using deep learning approach based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was developed. The software aims to classify the breast tumors to benign or malignant. Experimental results on histopathological images using the BreakHis dataset shows that the DenseNet CNN model achieved high processing performances with 96% of accuracy in the breast cancer classification task when compared with state-of-the-art modelsKeywords— Breast cancer classification, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), deep learning, DenseNet, histopathological images
Investigating the Potentials of Sluice Box Angle of Tilt on the Beneficiation of Birnin-Gwari Gold Deposit
Authors: Alabi Oladunni O. , Gbadamosi Yemisi E.
Published: July 2021

The potentials of sluice box angle of tilt on the beneficiation of Birin-Gwari gold deposit was investigated. The sample was sourced from twenty (20) pits on the mine site and homogenized towards chemical characterization. Particle size analysis using 100 g head sample over the sieve range of 500 µm and 45 µm. 100 g each of the homogenized samples was charged into the sluice box at varied tilt angles ranging from 10º to 60º and also at a varying feed rate of 50 kg/hr to 100 kg/hr at 1000 mls flow rate. The Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (ED-XRFS) revealed 10.15 ppm Au, 0.43% Fe, 0.05% Pb, and other constituent elements in trace form. Particle size analysis showed the liberation size to be -125+90 µm. The highest yield in mass was given as 32.70 g assaying 43.20 ppm at an angle of 10º and varied feed rate while keeping other parameters/constituent constant and also, 56.32 g was the highest yield in mass assaying 12.83 ppm at 50 kg/hr feed rate.Keywords: Birnin-Gwari gold, Beneficiation, Characterization, Sluice box.
Effects of Precipitation Hardening Variables on Al–Zn–Mg-Sn Alloy as Sacrificial Anode in Seawater: Experimental and Statistical Analysis
Authors: Ige Oladeji O.
Published: July 2021

This research investigated the effects of tin composition and heat treatment variables on the Al-Zn-Mg alloy as sacrificial anode in seawater using gravimetric technique and statistical analysis. Tin was alloyed with Al-Zn-Mg in varied proportions (0%, 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1%) to determine the optimum anode efficiency in the marine environment. Precipitation heat treatment was performed by first subjecting the samples to solution treatment at 5380C for 2 hours and later subjected to varying hardening temperatures and times. The samples were hardened for 4, 8 and 12 hours at each of the hardening temperatures of 1300, 1600 and 1900 centigrade. The anode efficiency increases as the tin concentration increases. The experimental result of this study showed that the Al-Zn-Mg alloy with 0.1% tin gives the optimum anode efficiency. It was revealed that the Al-Zn-Mg alloy without tin composition exhibited high output current capacity when hardened at 1900C for 4 hours. Predictive model developed in this work was in consonance with experimental observation except the following; at hardening temperature of 1600C, the model recommended 12 hours as against 4 hours of laboratory experiment and at hardening temperature of 1300C it advocated 8 hours as against 12 hours.Keywords - aluminum alloy, corrosion, precipitation hardening, regression and correlation analysis, and sacrificial anode
Investigation into Rain Attenuation Prediction Models at Locations in Lagos Using Remote Sensing
Authors: Darley Olufunke G. , Yussuff Abayomi I. , Adenowo Adetokunbo A.
Published: July 2021

This paper investigated the performances of some rain attenuation prediction models at some GSM network locations in Lagos, Nigeria, using remote sensing at Ku band. Remote sensing is a collection and interpretation of information about an object without physical contact with the object being measured. Three popular terrestrial prediction models were considered in this work. These are ITU-R P.530-17, Lin and Silva Mello Models. Ten years (2010-2019) annual rainfall data with hourly integration time were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) and link budgets for three microwave links (Tarzan Yard, Kofo Abayomi and GLO Shop) in Victoria Island at 18 GHz were obtained from Global Communications Limited (GLO), Nigeria. Data analysis and comparison of the microwave links rainfall estimates were carried out to identify the most suitable of the three models at the selected locations of interest. Measurement data obtained from both NIMET and GLO were used to validate the predicted attenuation data from the three selected models. The ITU-R P.530-17 prediction model overestimated the measurement at Tarzan Yard; closely followed by Silva Mello, while Lin underestimated the measured data.  Again, at Kofo Abayomi station, the ITU-R model overestimated the measurement, while both Silva Mello and Lin models underestimated the measurement. At the GLO Shop, the Silva Mello overestimated the measured value, while ITU-R and Lin underestimated the measurement. At 0.01% of time exceeded, NIMET measurement was higher (at 48.2 dB) than that of Tarzan Yard, Kofo Abayomi and GLO shop (43.1, 46.3 and 37.0 dB respectively). These results will provide useful information in mitigating signal outages due to rain for mobile communication systems. Keywords- Path attenuation, Prediction models, Rainfall rate, Terrestrial microwave links, Tropical region
Appraisal of Asphalt Concrete with Coal Bottom Ash as Mineral Filler
Authors: Mohammed Ashiru , Aliyu Ibrahim , Sulaiman Tasiu A. , Umar Hussaini A. , Jubril Yasir
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted to access the performance of asphalt concrete produced with coal bottom ash as partial replacement of cement in the mineral filler. The Marshal Mix design method of hot mix asphalt (HMA) samples preparation and testing was adopted. Fifteen (15) samples of HMA compacted and used for volumetric and stability testing at a varying percentage of bitumen contents (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, and 7.0%,) following the Asphalt Institute and Nigeria General Specification for Road and Bridges (NGSRB) approach for determining optimum bitumen content (OBC). An Optimum bitumen content of 5.5 % was obtained and used throughout the study. Another set of 15 samples of the HMA were prepared and compacted at varying percentage replacement of cement with CBA in the order of 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35% by volume of cement to determine the optimum dosage of the coal bottom ash that will satisfy the requirements for the strength and durability of wearing course of flexible pavement. The Marshall Stability, flow, and the volumetric properties test results obtained indicated that the samples prepared with 25% CBA as filler with OBC of 5.5% satisfied the requirements of the NGSRB for wearing course of flexible pavement. Hence, the addition of up to 25% CBA by volume of cement in asphalt concrete can reduce the consumption of cement and provide a proper means of CBA disposal.Keywords- Coal Bottom Ash (CBA), Marshal Stability, Marshal Flow, Mineral filler, Optimum Bitumen Content (OBC)
Fabrication of Extrudate Filaments from Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastics for 3D Printers
Authors: Eboh Favour C. , Osideko Opeyemi , Onitiri Modupe
Published: July 2021

The use of 3D printers for manufacturing processes comes with the challenge of filament replacement for subsequent processes. This aforementioned including the environmental problems posed by plastics wastes formed the basis for the current work which is focused on design and construction of a simple single extruder for the production of filaments from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics for rapid prototyping machines and 3D printers. Three Band heaters were used to melt the PET plastics and a screw was used to move the melted PET plastics longitudinally along the barrel. The screw is consisted of three zones namely feed zone, compression zone and metering zone. The temperature of the band heaters is controlled by a Digital temperature controller. This paper describes the design, fabrication and testing of a filament extruder. A 2mm die was used to extrude the filament to1.75 mm. The performance of the system was quantified through relevant tests and the findings reported. When the barrel and die assembly are at 200°C, melting begins to occur and at 230°C, the extrudate begins to appear at the metering zone. The energy efficiency of the system was found out to be 75.2%. Keywords— 3D printer, Design, Extruder, Filament, Polyethylene terephthalate.
Design and Fabrication of an Automated Low-Cost Non-Contact Temperature Scanner and Sanitizer for Covid-19 Prevention
Authors: Akinsanmi Olaitan , Amoran Abiodun E. , Oluwole Ayodele S , Igwe P C , Adejuwon P
Published: July 2021

The rate at which the novel virus Covid-19 spread across the world in an alarming rate with high rate of death of the infected persons is quite disturbing, hence the need to checkmate its spread by quickly identifying persons with the symptoms of this viral infection. This paper discusses the development of an automated low-cost non-contact temperature scanner and sanitizer. The system automatically detects a human being, scans for temperature, and sanitizes the person with no interference required. The circuit for the system comprises an Arduino microcontroller, LCD display, relays, ultrasonic sensors, temperature sensor, 12v DC pump motion sensor and a high pressure 12v DC pump. The temperature sensor (MLX90614) senses the temperature, certifies that the value is within the specified range as controlled by its ultrasonic sensor and displays the temperature on the LCD. Thereafter, an ultrasonic sensor activates the 12V DC pump to dispense the sanitizer. At the disinfectant chamber, the motion sensor will trigger the high-pressured DC pump when it senses movement, it dispenses the body sanitizer through the nozzles. C++ was used to program the Arduino in Arduino user interface. The entire process takes 60seconds and it helps to maintain personal preventive measures as well as detecting a possible symptomatic person as fever with high temperature which is one of the major symptoms of Covid-19. The device has been tested and works effectively, and it will be very useful for any organization with one or more buildings. It can be positioned at the entrance of buildings to sanitize and scan all staff and visitors against Covid-19. Keywords: Arduino, Covid-19, Hand sanitizer, Ultrasonic sensor, Temperature Scanner
Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Properties of Eucalyptus torelliana Oils
Authors: Adekoya Modinat A. , Akeem Nadrat J.
Published: July 2021

Normal oil and Essential oil from fresh leaves of Eucalyptus torelliana (F. Muell) were extracted using solvent (Soxhlet) and steam distillation extraction methods respectively. The leaves were screened for the presence of secondary metabolites and the extracted oils for their antimicrobial potentials. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Phytates (27.81 mg/g) Phytic acids (7.833mg/g) Oxalates (3.061mg/g) Tannins (2.457mg/g) Phenols (30.00%) Flavonoids (2.948%) Saponins (3.166%) and Alkaloids (2.84%). In addition to this the leaves were found to contain anthraquinone. The two oils extracted from the leaves of Eucalyptus torelliana were studied for their antimicrobial activity against the following isolated microorganisms: Xanthomonas axonopodis, Shigella dysenterine, Pseudomonas solanecearium, Streptococcus faecales, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, Erwinia carotovora, Salmonella typhi. The oils were found to inhibit all the microorganism isolates. The zone of inhibition exhibited by the extracts on the tested microorganism was between 22-6mm. The oil extracts compared favourably with Ampiclox used as a standard control.  The results obtained from this study reveals that the oils extracted from Eucalyptus torelliana has antibacterial activities against enteric pathogens and the oil may be potential source of new antimicrobials against enteric organisms.Keywords- Enteric microorganisms, essential oil, Eucalyptus torelliana, secondary metabolites, solvent extraction
Geoelectrical and Geotechnical Characterization of Different Types of Soil in Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Igboama Wilfred N. , Hammed Olaide S. , Aroyehun Maruf T. , Ugwu Nicholas U.
Published: July 2021

Geoelectrical and geotechnical investigations were carried out to characterize soils from different locations in Ede, Osun State, Nigeria for engineering purposes. Wenner electrode configuration technique was deployed in carrying out the geoelectrical survey of about 40m for each profile. The data analysis was approached by plotting the apparent conductivity against electrode spacing (s) and the result was interpreted.  The geoelectrical resistivity survey revealed locations 1 and 2 with resistivity values of 25.01-419.22ohm-m (conductivity 0.002 - 0.194 (ohm-m)-1and 5.5-1246.57 ohm-m (conductivity = 0.0002 - 0.001 (ohm-m)-1) respectively could be classified as clay. Sample 3 recorded a resistivity value of 1.00- 22,787.39 ohm-m (conductivity= 0.00004- 1.00 (ohm-m)-1) thus, was classified as silt/sand respectively. Soil  from the said different locations in Ede, Nigeria, were tested in the Laboratory for certain properties like Atterberg limits, specific gravities, sieve analysis, compaction test, etc and the results showed that samples 1, 2 and 3 have specific gravity values of 2.50, 2.13 and 2.40 respectively and could therefore be referred to as organic soil. Samples 1, 2 and 3 have maximum dry density (MDD) of 1.45g/cm3­, 1.92g/cm3, 1.95g/cm3 and optimum moisture content (OMC) of 15.40%, 13.36% and 9.61% respectively. The analysis conducted in this study revealed that the soil type found in Ede, Nigeria could be classified as silt-clay, sandy clay, clay and sand.Keywords- Electrical conductivity, Characterization, Compaction, Plasticity, Wenner array.
LEXICAL CLONING WITH ADJECTIVES IN ENGLISH
Authors:   University of Niš Faculty of Philosophy, Stojičić Violeta
Published: July 2021

The paper discusses the phenomenon of lexical cloning in English, formally referred to as ‘contrastive focus reduplication’. This phenomenon is most notable in conversational English, especially in informal register. In the literature, lexical cloning is defined as a modifier reduplication of a lexical expression. Namely, a lexeme is duplicated in such a manner that the clone serves as a modifier with a contrastive focus, whose function is to accentuate the unambiguous sense. As explained in Ghomeshi et al. (2004), a lexical clone specifies a true, real, default, salient, or prototypical denotation of the repeated item. However, it has been demonstrated that lexical clones are context dependent as they are not quite predictable or interpretable in isolation. Accordingly, the phenomenon is not purely lexicosemantic, but rather lexicopragmatic, since speakers employ it to reinforce meaning and prevent misinterpretation. The aspects and elements of lexical cloning with adjectives will be analyzed within a sample of utterances from conversational English, which includes instances such as I thought they were kinda purpley. Like purple purple, not white with a purpleish tint added. We will also investigate the pragmatic phenomena of lexical adjustment and motivated redundancy as a mechanism behind cloning.
EPISTEMIC MODALITY, EVIDENTIALITY AND (INTER) SUBJECTIVITY: A CHANGING PARADIGM
Authors:   University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology, Trbojević Milošević Ivana
Published: July 2021

The paper is a reflection on the debate concerning the relation between (epistemic) modality and evidentiality. It cuts across diﬀerent views and approaches to epistemic modality and evidentiality, bringing in, as a diﬀerentiating agent, the criterion of (inter)subjectivity. Starting from Lyons’ (1977) and Palmer’s (1986, 2001) concept of subjectivity as “the locutionary agent’s expression of himself and his own attitudes and beliefs” that is inherent in epistemic modality, the paper looks into Traugott’s use of the term (Traugott 1989, 2001) that understands and sees subjectivity as the way in which a speaker’s psychological or emotional perspective is incorporated into the description of a situation or event, and moves on to Nuyts (2001a, 2001b) for whom (inter)subjectivity indicates that the speaker has access to the situation-relevant evidence. The diﬀerence in approaches to the notion of subjectivity is inextricably related to the changed views on the status of evidentiality within (or, rather without) epistemic modality.
HOMONYMY IN ENGLISH MONOLINGUAL GENERAL-PURPOSE DICTIONARIES
Authors:   University of Novi Sad Faculty of Philosophy, Halas Popović Ana
Published: July 2021

The focus of this paper is the treatment of homonymy in selected monolingual general-purpose dictionaries of English. The aim of the analysis presented in this paper is to reveal the perception of homonymy and its lexicographic significance in the analyzed dictionaries, which involves the answer to the question whether these dictionaries mark homonymy at all, and then, if yes, the determination of the criterion used for the identification of homonymy, as well as the definition of the overall lexicographic strategy adopted by the given dictionaries in their treatment of homonymy. The results of the analysis have shown that the analyzed dictionaries do use homonymy as an organizational principle in their macrostructure. Furthermore, all these dictionaries use the semantic criterion based on mutual relatedness of senses in their identification of homonymy. However, the application of this criterion does not always produce the same outcome in the given dictionaries due to the gradient nature of semantic relatedness and various interpretations it is subject to. It has also been observed that the analyzed dictionaries do not consistently mark semantic homonymy at any cost since their gen- eral strategy in the treatment of homonymy can be defined as balancing between adequate language description and user-friendliness.
BLEND-O-RAMA: BLENDING IN THE TITLES OF EPISODES OF ANIMATED TELEVISION SERIES FOR CHILDREN
Authors:   University of Kragujevac Faculty of Philology and Arts, Danilović Jeremić Jelena
Published: July 2021

Often defined as a marginal word-formation process whose governing principles remain a matter of controversy, lexical blending has been examined from various perspectives over the past fifty years or so. Lexical blends have thus been described as (mostly) ephemeral linguistic creations, playful and witty, that are likely to occur in popular press, advertising, and product naming (Bryant 1974; Lieber 2010). Although we can nowadays understand the key characteristics of blends, in terms of their semantic, phonological and orthographic features, corpus-based studies of blends associated with particular types of discourse remain scarce. Television discourse is no exception. It has been cited as a rich source of blends (Mattiello 2013; Sams 2016), yet few have hitherto conducted their detailed analysis (cf. Andriani, Moehkardi 2019). Having noticed that blends frequently occur in the titles of episodes of animated television shows for children (e.g. Smeldorado in Inspector Gadget, The Three Smurfketeers in The Smurfs, Pinknic in The Pink Panther), we decided to investigate their structural characteristics. For this purpose, we collected a corpus of approximately 420 blends from the titles of animated series episodes, spanning 1950-2020. The analysis has shown that haplology and hyphenation feature prominently in the collected blends, as well as that several splinters are repeatedly used in their formation.
ENGLISH PROGRESSIVE ASPECT: TRENDS, USES AND SERBIAN TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS
Authors:   University of Novi Sad Faculty of Philosophy, Novakov Predrag
Published: July 2021

English progressive aspect has been a frequent topic of research from diﬀerent standpoints, especially its usage and its status as a tense or aspect. Some recent studies pointed to the fact that the use of progressive has been changing over the decades, showing diﬀerences in frequency, meanings and implications. Therefore, this paper compares the approach to progressive in selected English grammars with the use of progressive in a contemporary literary corpus. Namely, the first part of the paper presents standpoints from the English grammar books that progressive oﬀers a temporal frame for another situation, that it may denote duration, temporariness, incompletion, emotionally coloured tone etc. The central part of the paper discusses these standpoints and relates them to the uses of progressive aspect (present, present perfect, past, past perfect and future progressive) in the contemporary novel Girl with a Pearl Earring by Tracy Chevalier. The primary goal of this empirical research is to gain insight into the current tendencies related to the use of progressive aspect in the literary style, for instance, the statistical data about the abovementioned meanings; the second goal is to check the feature of stativity and the uses of stative verbs in the progressive aspect in the corpus. Finally, the paper discusses the Serbian translation equivalents of the excerpted English examples because they reflect the uses of the English progressive and may help clarify them
CONTRASTING ENGLISH AND SERBIAN THROUGH THE LENSES OF MULTILEVEL-GROUNDED SEMANTICS
Authors:   University of Niš Faculty of Philosophy, Antović Mihailo
Published: July 2021

The paper illustrates how the author’s emerging theory of “multi-level grounding” may be applied to some contrastive phenomena in English and Serbian. The theory argues that classic semantic approaches based on cross-space interaction may profit enormously from a more thorough consideration of contextual constraints on meaning generation. For example, to understand even a fairly simple comparison such as “Achilles is a lion”, one needs to know a lot more than just how to, depending on the paradigm of choice, “cross-domain map”, “blend”, or “analogize” appropriate formal elements of the two concepts understood as mere mental representations. Rather, to be meaningful in more than just an academic sense, the interpretation needs to call layers of context, from the very general knowledge of who Achilles is and what lions are to specific cultural and even personal connotations appropriate to the two agents and their interaction. In relation to the earlier work of Searle and Langacker, cognitive linguists Coulson and Oakley propose to allocate such knowledge to the construct of the “grounding box” (containing implicit information on the agents, forum, and circumstances surrounding the utterance). The author’s theory makes this concept more refined, suggesting a series of at least six hierarchical and partly recursive grounding boxes constraining meaning generation – from the perceptual attributes of objects cognized to such percepts’ cross-modal interaction with the interlocutors’ embodied experience, to their aﬀective, conceptual, and discourse-driven (re) interpretations. The analysis in this paper aims to show how this approach may be instrumental in disentangling the (seemingly) shared and diﬀerent semantic strategies in the way English and Serbian treat a simple stock expression (“You are right” / “U pravu si”), grammatical construction (“tolerant of” / “tolerantan prema”), and widely used idiom (“a finger in every pie” / “u svakoj čorbi mirođija”).