bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Systemic inflammatory and stress markers in cattle and sheep submitted to different reproductive procedures
Authors: Costa Vitória Gasperin Guazzelli , Vieira Arnaldo Diniz , Schneider Augusto , Rovani Monique Tomazele , Gonçalves Paulo Bayard Dias , Gasperin Bernardo Garziera
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: Previous studies have evaluated the effects of different reproductive procedures on discomfort markers in sheep and cattle. Such studies may help stimulate the adoption of techniques that are more beneficial for animal welfare. However, markers that are commonly used to evaluate discomfort are highly influenced by external factors. To overcome this, several systemic markers can be evaluated to more precisely identify stress, pain, and inflammation. Such markers include cortisol, acute phase proteins, bradykinin, and substance P. We aimed to review the potential markers of stress, pain, and inflammation, and discuss how and when they are regulated after different stimuli related to reproductive procedures in cattle and sheep. Furthermore, we aimed to review how reproductive procedures with different degrees of invasiveness cause stress and provide information that may help develop strategies to limit animal discomfort.
Production and characterization of alginate microparticles obtained by ionic gelation and electrostatic adsorption of concentrated soy protein
Authors: Silverio Gabriela Barros , Sakanaka Lyssa Setsuko , Alvim Izabela Dutra , Shirai Marianne Ayumi , Grosso Carlos Raimundo Ferreira
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT: Microencapsulation is used for protection and release of bioactive compounds. Combination of encapsulation methods allows the production of matrices with better technological properties compared to the application of one of the methods alone. Use of ionic gelation produces porous microparticles, and coating it with a protein, by electrostatic interaction, may contribute to a better protection of the active compound. The objective of the research was to produce alginate microparticles (AG) through ionic gelation and to coat them with soluble protein from soy protein concentrate. Two factors were studied, calcium concentration during ionic gelation (0.8, 1.6 and 2.4% w/w) and pH (3.5 and 7.0) of the protein solution for electrostatic interaction. Zeta potential (ZP) of biopolymers and microparticles were determined. Microparticles were characterized according to its morphology, average size and size distribution, as well as protein adsorption. Microparticles presented (154-334μm) multinuclear distribution of active compound, continuous and smooth surface, with a great standard deviation considering average size. The calcium concentration did not influence the protein adsorption on microparticles.The pH used in protein adsorption showed significant effect, with higher adsorption occurring at pH 3.5 (6.5 to 6.7% w/w, dry basis,db, of adsorbed protein) compared to pH 7.0 (<2.0% w/w, db, of adsorbed protein) indicating that electrostatic interaction was determinant for the protein coating. At this situation, ionic gelation microparticles and proteins presented ZP with opposite charges (pH>pKa AG<Isoelectric point, IP).
ADAPTACIÓN DEL MODELO DE KRISTEN SWANSON PARA EL CUIDADO DE ENFERMERÍA EN ADULTAS MAYORES
Authors: Espinoza Jessica Belen Rojas , Hernández María de Lourdes García , Becerril Lucila Cárdenas , Galindo Laura Vázquez , Kempfer Silvana Silveira
Published: December 2018

RESUMEN Objetivo: adaptar el modelo de Kristen M. Swanson para el cuidado de enfermería en adultas mayores, enfocado en sus necesidades de salud, tomando como referencia la valoración integral y la interpretación de su vivencia. Método: el estudio fue cualitativo con enfoque hermenéutico. Se entrevistaron diez adultas mayores, de 65 a 84 años de edad, que asistían la Casa de Día en Toluca, a quienes se les aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a profundidad, las cuales se transcribieron, codificaron y agruparon en las dimensiones de análisis de los contenidos centrales de cada unidad temática. Se tomó como referencia el círculo hermenéutico de Heidegger para la comprensión e interpretación de los códigos sustantivos. El análisis fue de contenido mediante la técnica del discurso. Resultados: son seis las categorías de cuidado identificadas en las acciones terapéuticas que intervienen para el logro del bienestar. El acompañamiento familiar, la esperanza, el movimiento, la orientación en salud, el diálogo terapéutico y el amor son factores que propician el bienestar de las mujeres mayores. La disposición de las categorías se organizaron en campos semánticos de donde emergieron tres dimensiones: la de ser mujer, adulta mayor y estrategias de afrontamiento, y el cuidado de enfermería. A partir del análisis hermenéutico se construyó el Modelo de Kristen Swanson para el cuidado de enfermería en adultas mayores con sus cinco procesos de cuidado: Mantener las creencias; El conocer; El estar con; El hacer por; y El permitir o posibilitar. Conclusión: el modelo de cuidado dirigido a mujeres mayores se fundamenta en: el diálogo, esperanza, movimiento y orientación de salud centrado en el ejercicio de la autonomía.
INCERTIDUMBRE FRENTE AL DIAGNÓSTICO DE CÁNCER
Authors: Ramírez-Perdomo Claudia Andrea , Rodríguez-Velez María Elena , Perdomo-Romero Alix Yaneth
Published: December 2018

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el significado de la experiencia frente al diagnóstico de cáncer en la construcción de la realidad individual y subjetiva desarrollada. Método: estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico hermenéutico, desarrollado en una unidad de cáncer, en cuatro mujeres y dos hombres, con diferentes diagnósticos de cáncer. Las entrevistas, recogidas entre enero y marzo de 2016, fueron grabadas y para el análisis se empleó el Análisis de la Fenomenología Interpretativa y la Teoría de la Incertidumbre de Mishel. Resultados: la incertidumbre es una vivencia que invade a la persona con enfermedad crónica. Emergen temas acerca del Desconocimiento/conocimiento; El personal de salud y familiar, un soporte para enfrentar el diagnóstico y no desfallecer; Actitud positiva; Sufrimiento ante la adversidad; Aferrándose a Dios y La adversidad del sistema de salud. Conclusión. todos los pacientes vivieron el período de incertidumbre en un principio como peligro, pero, emprendieron esfuerzos de afrontamiento manifestadas por sentimientos de optimismo y actitud positiva, dirigida a reducir la incertidumbre y a controlar la excitación emocional generada por su diagnóstico.
ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO DO GLICEROL: RISCOS E OPORTUNIDADES SOBRE SUA DESTINAÇÃO FRENTE À LACUNA NORMATIVA E ASPECTOS SUSTENTÁVEIS
Authors: Novi Juliana Chiaretti , Oliveira Sonia Valle Walter Borges de , Salgado Junior Alexandre Pereira , Oliveira Marcio Mattos Borges de
Published: December 2018

RESUMO O Programa Nacional de Produção do Biodiesel (PNPB) buscou difundir ‘sustentabilidade’ com a implantação do biodiesel na matriz energética brasileira, pressupondo-se uma adequada gestão de seus resíduos. Dentre eles, há o glicerol, que foi desconsiderado, inclusive, pela Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS). Seu descarte ou uso indevido nas indústrias químicas ou alimentícias pode causar problemas à saúde da população. Neste âmbito e interdisciplinarmente, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar riscos e oportunidades sobre a destinação do glicerol frente à lacuna normativa e aos aspectos sustentáveis. Trata-se de um estudo de múltiplos-casos com metodologia qualitativa e aplicação do software Maxqda® para análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam algumas alternativas de destinação, mas que constituem modos fragilizados por falta de informações e regulamentação. Identifica-se tal fragilidade, principalmente, pela transferência de responsabilidade dos grandes produtores a terceiros em relação à destinação do glicerol e, sobretudo, desinteresse pelos efeitos decorrentes. Espera-se fornecer subsídios que contribuam para remediar ineficiências relacionadas à gestão de resíduos, buscando desencadear ações que possam ser implementadas no âmbito normativo ambiental para as medidas compensatórias e mitigadoras, possibilitando maior desenvolvimento regional e valorização das pequenas propriedades com fortalecimento contínuo do desenvolvimento sustentável.
RISCO MACROECONÔMICO E O MODELO DE CINCO FATORES NO MERCADO ACIONÁRIO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Portela Daniel Lucas Martins , Santos Joséte Florencio dos
Published: December 2018

RESUMO Este artigo teve o objetivo de analisar como um fator de risco macroeconômico no modelo de cinco fatores de Fama e French (2015) impacta na explicação dos retornos dos ativos no mercado acionário brasileiro. O modelo de cinco fatores introduziu rentabilidade e investimento como fatores de risco, unindo-se ao prêmio de mercado, tamanho e book-to-market. Já o fator de risco macroeconômico classifica os ativos em carteiras de acordo com a sua relação entre o crescimento da receita e o crescimento do PIB de mercado. Os dados das demonstrações financeiras e dos retornos dos ativos foram coletados no Economática®, no intervalo de julho de 2008 a junho de 2015. Destacam-se como principais resultados a significância estatística das variáveis explicativas na maioria das carteiras, inclusive a variável macroeconômica, com a maioria dos R2 das carteiras variando de 0,400 a 0,709 no modelo de seis fatores.
REDUCTION IN KNEE PAIN SYMPTOMS IN ATHLETES USING AN ACUPUNCTURE PROTOCOL
Authors: Siqueira Ana Paula Rehme , Beraldo Lucas Menghin , Krueger Eddy , Ulbricht Leandra
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Pain in the lower limbs is common in athletes and a limiting factor in performance. Acupuncture has shown positive effects as an analgesic treatment and may potentially be used for pain reduction in runners. This study aimed to analyze the parameters associated with knee pain by correlating strength parameters of the musculature assessed in runners treated with acupuncture. A descriptive longitudinal study was conducted on 34 runners of both sexes aged 20 to 52 years, who presented with knee-related pain from January to June, 2015. Two pain questionnaires and a maximal strength test with electromyographic evaluation of the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, and medialis muscles were used, and patients were monitored during five follow-up visits after an acupuncture protocol. All participants reported experiencing a decrease in knee pain after treatment. The affected limbs showed an increase in average strength by 34% and 25% compared to the contralateral limb. An increase in the number of motor units recruited for the three muscles was observed in both limbs. In conclusion, the proposed acupuncture protocol was effective in reducing pain symptoms in the knee region of athletes, thus influencing their gain in strength and muscle balance. Level of Evidence IV, Case series.
SURGICAL CORRECTION OF SEVERE AND FIXED CHIN-ON-CHEST DEFORMITY
Authors: Marcon Raphael Martus , Ono Allan Hiroshi de Araujo , Zelada Flávio Gerardo Benites , Cristante Alexandre Fogaça , Barros Filho Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe a successful surgical treatment for the challenging severe and fixed chin-on-chest deformity due to isolated neck extensor myopathy (INEM). Background data: INEM is an idiopathic cause of dropped head syndrome (DHS) that results in severe cervicothoracic kyphosis, defined as chin-on-chest deformity. The existing literature on surgical management is limited, with outcomes ranging from poor to excellent. INEM may present to the spinal surgeon for consideration of surgical management. Methods: The authors present a technique that uses a staged posterior and anterior approach combined with osteotomies and corpectomy to correct the severe and fixed deformity. A state of the art anterior and posterior instrumentation system was used. Results: At the three-months follow-up, there was good deformity correction and the patient's satisfaction was high, with no neurological deterioration occurring. Conclusions: The technique illustrated in this study represents a successful option to treat this debilitating deformity. More evidence is needed to set up a definitive algorithm for the management of this condition. Level of evidence IV, Case Report.
COMPLICATED LUMBAR TUBERCULOUS SPONDYLODISCITIS IN DISSEMINATED TUBERCULOSIS, TREATED USING A NON-CONVENTIONAL ANTERIOR SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR HYDROSTATIC DISTRACTION: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Araujo Alex Oliveira de , Soares Thiago Queiroz , Torelli Alessandro Gonzalez , Ono Allan Hiroshi de Araujo , Marcon Raphael Martus , Cristante Alexandre Fogaça , Barros Filho Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe a case of disseminated tuberculosis affecting the lumbar spine that was treated using a non-conventional anterior support system. Background: Tuberculous spondylodiscitis is the most common and most severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Although antibiotic therapy is the most frequently used treatment, surgery is necessary in cases of neurological deficit, spinal instability, significant deformity, severe sepsis, paravertebral and epidural abscesses or in cases wherein clinical treatment has failed. A surgical procedure is also indicated when a biopsy is required. With the development of new methods for reconstruction and fixation of the spine, complete debridement of the tuberculous foci has become an increasingly common approach, but there is a lack consensus on the best technique. Methods and results: The patient suffered from disseminated tuberculosis affecting the lumbar region of the spine, with an abscess in the psoas muscle. He underwent extensive debridement via both anterior and posterior approaches, using a non-conventional anterior support system that promotes hydrostatic distraction. Conclusions: Treatment using the hydrostatic distraction system was able to reestablish both the stability and anatomy of the lumbar curve. Level of evidence IV, Case report.
ACCURACY OF PEDICLE SCREW INSERTION: A COMPARISON BETWEEN FLUOROSCOPIC GUIDANCE AND NAVIGATION TECHNIQUES
Authors: Bilhar Romero Pinto de Oliveira , Lima Diego Ariel de , Leite José Alberto Dias , Porto Maximiliano Aguiar
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: To compare the accuracy of insertion of pedicle screws into the thoracic spine using fluoroscopic guidance or computer-assisted navigation techniques. Methods: Eight cadaveric thoracic spines were divided into two groups: the fluoroscopy group, in which pedicle screws were inserted with the guidance of a C-arm device, and the navigation group, in which insertion of the screws was monitored using computer-assisted navigation equipment. All procedures were performed by the same spinal surgeon. The rate of pedicle breach was compared between the two groups. Results: There was one intra-canal perforation in each group. Both perforations were medial in direction, and the breaches were 2 to 4 mm deep. There were no statistically significant differences in breach rate between the two groups. Conclusions: The accuracy of insertion of pedicle screws in the thoracic spine using computer-assisted navigation is equivalent to that achieved using fluoroscopic guidance. Computer-assisted navigation improves the safety of the surgical team during the procedure due to the absence of exposure to radiation. Therefore, there is a need for future randomized controlled trials to be conducted in the clinical setting to evaluate other outcomes, including duration of surgery and blood loss during the procedure. Level of evidence IV.
FOUR-LEVEL EN BLOC VERTEBRECTOMY: A NOVEL TECHNIQUE AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Narazaki Douglas Kenji , Higino Lucas P. , Teixeira William Gemio Jacobsen , Rocha Ivan Dias da , Cristante Alexandre Fogaça , Barros Filho Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To demonstrate a novel technique for multilevel en bloc post-vertebrectomy reconstruction. Methods: A novel technique for en bloc multiple post-vertebrectomy reconstruction was used in a patient presenting for curative resection of Ewing's Sarcoma at the oncology center of a public university hospital. Results: The procedure described was feasible for en bloc resection of the four vertebrae. The reconstruction was acceptable and satisfactory in terms of mechanical stability and was without any neurological sequelae in the patient. Conclusion: The use of an allograft with a locked intramedullary nail was an adequate solution for reconstructing the anterior and medial spines after multilevel vertebrectomy. In addition, the association of four intramedullary nails provided stability to the reconstruction. Immediate benefits of the technique compared to other commonly used techniques were shorter hospitalization times and reduced surgical morbidity. Level of Evidence V, Clinical study of a new surgical technique and a literature review.
DOES COGNITIVE CAPACITY INTERFERE WITH THE OUTCOME OF OBERLIN TRANSFER?
Authors: Azevedo Filho Fernando Antonio Silva de , Santos William Zarza , Oliveira Thomaz Gê de , Abdouni Yussef Ali , Costa Antonio Carlos da , Fucs Patrícia Maria de Moraes Barros
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the relationship between the functional outcome achieved following Oberlin transfer, the cognitive level of the patient, and the time elapsed between the trauma event and surgery. Methods: Eighteen patients with a traumatic injury to the brachial plexus (C5-C6 and C5-C7) were evaluated. Seventeen (94.4%) patients were males and one (5.6%) was female, with a mean age of 29.5 years (range 17-46 years). We evaluated the active range of motion, elbow flexion strength, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) and determined the correlation between the procedural outcome and the patient's cognitive level, as assessed by the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE). Results: We found statistically significant correlations between the MMSE scale and strength recovery (84.4%, p<0.001), which was classified as excellent, and between the MMSE and British Medical Research Council (BMRC) scales (78.4%, p>0.001), which classified cognitive level as good. Conclusions: We found a positive correlation between cognitive capacity and functional outcome of patients submitted to Oberlin surgery. The time elapsed between trauma and the surgical procedure showed an inversely proportional correlation with the strength of recovery. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.
PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURES DUE TO BONE METASTASES FROM LUNG CANCER: RISK FACTORS AND SURVIVAL
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Bragança dos Reis , Marques Bruno de Carvalho , Matos Rosa Aurílio , Fontenelle César Rubens da Costa , Mello Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz , Paschoal Marcos Eduardo Machado
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pathological fractures are frequent skeletal-related events among lung cancer patients, which result in high morbidity and decreased overall survival and make operative treatment decisions challenging. Objectives: To identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of pathological fractures in patients with lung cancer and to determine survival. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with 407 lung carcinoma patients diagnosed between 2006 and 2015. The prevalence of bone metastases and pathological fractures was calculated. Statistical analysis was conducted using a chi-squared test, and the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Overall survival was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences were compared using the log-rank test. Results: The prevalence of bone metastases and pathological fractures was 28.2% (n = 115) and 19.1% (n = 22), respectively. Pathological fractures were more frequent among patients with bone metastases at the time of diagnosis of lung cancer (24.7% [n = 20] vs. 5.9% [n = 2]; p < 0.05). The median overall survival following the diagnosis of lung cancer, bone metastases, and pathological fracture was 6, 4, and 2 months, respectively. Conclusions: Pathological fracture was associated with synchronous bone metastases and overall survival times were considerably reduced. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.
ARE TRAUMATOLOGISTS TREATING OSTEOPOROSIS TO PREVENT NEW FRACTURES IN BRAZIL?
Authors: Zamboni Caio , Carvalho Marina Sousa , Pires Eduardo Araujo , Durigan Jorge Rafael , Fucs Patrícia Maria de Moraes Barros , Mercadante Marcelo Tomanik
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the proportion of traumatologists who investigate osteoporosis in elderly patients with fractures and recommend secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Methods: We distributed questionnaires to 244 physicians attending the 2015 Brazilian Congress of Orthopedic Trauma. We determined the respondents’ profiles and assessed how they investigated and treated osteoporosis in elderly patients with fractures. Results: Overall, 32% of the respondents reported that their knowledge level regarding osteoporosis ranged from 0-5 (out of 0-10). In total, 42% of the participants reported that they usually requested DXA for elderly patients with fractures and less than 30% reported prescribing supplemental calcium and/or vitamin D. We considered physicians conducting a complete treatment for the patient as those who in addition to requesting DXA prescribed supplemental calcium, vitamin D, and specific medications for their elderly patients, and recommended non-pharmacological measures. Only 0.8% of the participants fulfilled all these criteria. In addition, 47% of the traumatologists reported that they did not treat osteoporosis directly but instead, referred osteoporotic patients to a qualified physician. Conclusion: Less than 50% of the surveyed traumatologists investigated and performed secondary prevention against osteoporotic fractures after treating an elderly patient with a fracture. Level of evidence III, Economic and Decision Analyses - Developing an Economic or Decisions Model.
Learning Strategies at Work Scale: a Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Authors: Haemer Hannah D. , Borges-Andrade Jairo E.
Published: December 2018

Abstract The aim of this study was to gather new evidences of validity for the Learning Strategies at Work Scale (LSW). Especially, we intended to verify the initially proposed factor structure and to reduce items as to obtain a higher level of parsimony. We further addressed testing the LSW’s invariance across occupations, with potentially discrepant work design characteristics (core activities vs. non-core activities). 955 Brazilian professionals that worked in a wide range of occupations participated in this study. Results of a confirmatory factor analysis support the structure of five factors, namely (1) intrinsic and extrinsic reflection, (2) mental repetition, (3) interpersonal help seeking, (4) help seeking in written material and (5) trial and error learning. In order to obtain higher parsimony, based upon psychometric criteria, five items were eliminated, resulting in better fit-indices. A multigroup analysis of this reduced scale showed invariance across the above-mentioned occupations. The study adds validity evidences for the LSW in Brazil.
The Structural Approach to Social Representations: Bridges between Theory and Methods
Authors: Wolter Rafael
Published: December 2018

Abstract Since the publication of the works of Jean-Claude Abric and Celso Sá, the structural approach to social representation has become widely diffused. There is often a lack of congruency between theoretical aspects of the structural approach and technical characteristics of the different methods used. This paper aims at making explicit the structural characteristics that are studied by the different structural approach techniques. These characteristics are: associative power of the elements, consensual aspects of thought and object essence. With these characteristics it is possible to elaborate a classification of the different techniques of the structural approach to social representations. The conclusion focuses on the absence of the social representation dynamics on a technical level despite being a central theoretical point for a better understanding of the socio representational phenomenon.
Associações entre Estilos Parentais, Interesses e Indecisão Profissional em Estudantes do Ensino Médio
Authors: Murgo Camélia Santina , Barros Leonardo de Oliveira , Sena Bárbara Cristina Soares
Published: December 2018

Resumo Este estudo objetivou verificar as relações entre estilos parentais, interesses profissionais e indecisão de adolescentes. Participaram desta pesquisa 472 estudantes de ensino médio de escolas públicas do interior de São Paulo, sendo 66% do sexo feminino e com idade média de 16,55 anos. Foram aplicados o Questionário de Busca Autodirigida (SDS), a Escala de Responsividade e Exigência (ERE) e o Inventário de Levantamento das Dificuldades de Decisão Profissional (IDDP). Os resultados indicaram que quanto menor a dificuldade de decisão em função do prestígio profissional e sucesso financeiro, maiores os interesses empreendedores e que, quanto maior esse tipo de dificuldade, maior a percepção de mães como exigentes e pais como responsivos e exigentes. Verificou-se que adolescentes com maiores interesses realistas e empreendedores tendem a perceber a figura paterna com maior responsividade. Sugerem-se investigações que ampliem a compreensão dos achados e novas discussões sobre o tema na área da Orientação Profissional e de Carreira.
MAXIMUM EFFORT TRAINING PERFORMED IN HYPOXIA ALTERS THE MOOD PROFILE
Authors: Giampá Sara Quaglia de Campos , Souza Jorge Fernando Tavares de , Mello Marco Túlio de , Tufik Sergio , Santos Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos , Antunes Hanna Karen Moreira
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise at high altitude has become constant. However, the risks associated with this type of exercise represent a major concern, considering the influence of important stressors such as hypoxia and physical exercise on psychobiological and physiological responses. Objective: Analyze the mood state and behavior of physiological variables of volunteers subjected to a progressive loading protocol until they reached maximum volitional exhaustion, both at sea level and at a simulated altitude of 4500 meters. Method: For both conditions studied, the volunteers responded to two instruments that assess mood responses: The Brunel Mood Scale and the Visual Analogue Mood Scale. They also underwent blood sampling to measure blood lactate levels and to evaluate oxygen-hemoglobin saturation. These procedures were performed before, immediately after, and 30 and 60 minutes after the end of the protocol. Results: Hypoxia triggered negative effects on mood responses, especially when compared to sea level conditions. An increase in fatigue level (p=0.02) and mental confusion (p=0.04) was observed immediately after the exercise session, and reduction of vigor (p=0.03) was noted at 30 minutes, accompanied by a reduction in oxygen-hemoglobin saturation immediately after the session and at 30 minutes. There was also an increase in blood lactate levels immediately after the session (p=0.006). Conclusion: The particularities of the hypoxic environment associated with maximum exercise are able to cause a deterioration of mood and physiological responses, which can negatively modulate physical performance. This is a cross-sectional clinical study.
CLINICAL APPLICATION OF THERMOGRAPHY FOR ENERGY BALANCE IN ATHLETES – STATE OF THE ART AND NEW PARADIGMS
Authors: Fernandes Tiago Lazzaretti , Hernandez Arnaldo Jose , Albuquerque Cyro , Mady Carlos Eduardo Keutenedjian
Published: December 2018

ABSTRACT This article aims to describe the evolution of techniques that have enabled the proper application of the Laws of Thermodynamics for physical activity and athletes. The objective is to propose performance indicators to help add information to the current indices used in medicine and sports, such as the lactate threshold and maximum oxygen consumption. A number of analyses of the results obtained by the group were carried out for this purpose. Moreover, a discussion regarding which techniques would provide a better response to the measurements was analyzed. Some examples are the substitution of the treadmill running test with the stationary bicycle (known performed work), and a literature search in order to measure internal temperature more accurately. Level of Evidence V; Expert opinion.
Migration and the historical formation of Latin America in a global perspective
Authors: Moya José
Published: December 2018

Abstract In this article I analyse how transcontinental migrations, the various forms that these took (Paleolithic first settlement, conquest and colonialism, slavery, free mass movements, and mercantile diasporas), and the way these interacted in the receiving environments, shaped the historical formation of Latin America. The article shows how these interactions explain the key apparent contradictions of Latin America: that it is both the most racially diverse and the most culturally homogeneous region in the world; that it has the highest crime/homicide rates but also the lowest levels of civil and international wars, holocausts, and other forms of collective violence; and that it has the highest levels of social inequality in the world but also some of its historically most egalitarian areas.
Becoming a refugee. A life-course approach to migration under duress
Authors: Weiß Anja
Published: December 2018

Abstract This article offers a sociological approach to the ongoing debate about the distinction between refugees and migrants. It adopts a life-course perspective on seeking refuge. Seeking refuge is embedded not only in the legal regimes of refugee protection, but also in other institutional frameworks governing the life-course. Exploring continuities between migrants and refugees allows for a better understanding of whether and under what preconditions the refugee category is applied by administrations and accessed by refugees themselves. With the help of case studies selected strategically from a larger sample of narrative interviews with university educated migrants to Germany, Turkey, and Canada, the article shows how the implementation and administration of the Geneva Refugee Convention in Germany is organized in a manner that often diverges from the empirical reality of fleeing from persecution and lack of protection. On this basis, a broader comparison with migrants in Turkey and Canada who could fall under the Geneva Refugee Convention, but who mostly refrain from claiming asylum, shows that those with better resources and socio-spatial autonomy can, if well informed, find alternative options for gaining protection rather than claiming refugee status. Whether migrants under duress see themselves as refugees and whether they claim asylum does not only result from the persecution they face but also from specificities of legal and administrative frameworks, as well as their position in global structural inequalities and it is related to divergent degrees of socio-spatial autonomy.
A sociologia da imigração no Brasil entre as décadas de 1940 e 1970
Authors: Oliveira Márcio de
Published: December 2018

Resumo Entre os anos 1940 e 1970, no Brasil, os estudos imigrantistas rivalizaram com os estudos comunitários, rurais e indígenas. Em termos teóricos, todos eles trabalharam com a mesma temática de assimilação à sociedade nacional. Revistas tais como Sociologia (ELSP), Revista de Antropologia, Revista do Museu Paulista e Anhembi acolheram diversos trabalhos sobre imigrantes, resultados de pesquisas feitas por autores tais como Emílio Willems, Hiroshi Saito e Ruth Cardoso. Florestan Fernandes interessou-se pelo tema, tendo publicado três artigos sobre a imigração árabe no Brasil. Nos anos 1970, contudo, o tema perdeu interesse. Sociólogos brasileiros interessaram-se por outros temas, tais como classes sociais e desenvolvimento nacional. Este trabalho volta ao período em tela para, analisando a trajetória dessa produção sobre o tema da imigração, compreender sua importância e perda de centralidade no seio da sociologia brasileira. Focamos a análise no período que vai de 1930 a 1970, quando a produção sociológica sobre o tema foi numerosa, tomando como fonte de informação tanto as principais revistas da área quanto livros publicados, a fim de compreender qual o lugar e o papel desempenhado pelos estudos sobre imigração na sociologia brasileira.
Lasar Segall entre viagens e migrações: um europeu nos trópicos
Authors: Schpun Mônica Raisa
Published: December 2018

Resumo Neste artigo, examino os deslocamentos migratórios do artista plástico Lasar Segall (1889-1957). Trata-se, a meu ver, de um caso paradigmático para o estudo das migrações de artistas tanto pelas marcas deixadas pela experiência migratória em sua pintura, quanto pelo destaque a elas dado na recepção crítica de sua obra. Nesse exercício, abordo as especificidades das migrações do artista dentro de um contexto mais amplo de fluxos migratórios contemporâneos aos seus. De fato, o período mais movimentado da vida de Segall, de 1906 a 1932, entre viagens e migrações, também foi marcado por grandes fluxos migratórios tanto intraeuropeus como transatlânticos. Enfim, alguns temas conexos também serão tratados, como nacionalismo, xenofobia e racismo, cosmopolitismo, exotismo, transnacionalismo e exílio.
Identidades e novas direções da crítica brasileira: o caso da recepção de Vazante
Authors: Altmann Eliska , Carvalho Bruno Sciberras de
Published: December 2018

Resumo A partir do estudo de caso da recepção do filme Vazante no contexto nacional, o artigo indica hipóteses sobre novas direções da crítica cinematográfica, dentre as quais se destacam: a ênfase em dimensões de pertencimento identitário; a valorização de participação presencial e direta nos debates; e a indicação de conhecimento proveniente da crítica. Argumenta-se que tais direções expressam demandas relevantes por conferir visibilidade a reivindicações de justiça e ao sentido histórico de desigualdades, em particular a seus efeitos no campo cinematográfico. Notamos também possíveis impasses indicados pela crítica, sobretudo referentes a aspectos que fundamentaram parâmetros críticos convencionais.
Da política em contextos de interconhecimento
Authors: Bento Juliane Sant'Ana
Published: December 2018

Resumo A obra resenhada apresenta um panorama didático e imprescindível dos estudos sobre o clientelismo, inclusive em sociedades contemporâneas. Representa uma contribuição fundamental para as ciências sociais, ao ampliar a perspectiva da denunciação, ressaltar que o clientelismo é noção dificilmente dissociada de uma intenção moral e, especialmente, indagar em que medida os diagnósticos intelectuais da patologia da política são mobilizados na condição de crítica, deslegitimação ou desqualificação das práticas dos oponentes na luta política.
Protists and other organisms on a minute snail periostracum
Authors: Fuente A. López de la , Urcuyo R. J. , Vega G. H.
Published: December 2018

Abstract Since the foundation of the Malacological Center in 1980, Universidad Centro Americana (UCA), Managua-Nicaragua, has been monitoring and collecting the marine, terrestrial, fluvial and lake mollusk population of the country. Many specimens have been photographed by Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM), and in one of these, observation of the hairy periostracum reveals a seemingly thriving population of minute protists in possible symbiosis with their host. Adequate magnification and comparison with previous studies allowed the determination of these hosts as diatoms, testaceous amoebae, yeast, phacus, spores and other undetermined organisms which occur in tropical forests on rocks, trees and leaves. Here illustrated are diatoms and other organisms detected for the first time on the periostracum of a tropical rainforest mollusk.
Leaf architecture of Rubiaceae Juss. from caatinga vegetation in Brazil
Authors: Lima Mirella Priscila de Souza , Soares Adriana , Sousa José Lucas Ribeiro de , Carvalho Márcia Santos , Porto Jorge Marcelo Padovani , Braga Francyane Tavares
Published: December 2018

Abstract: The study and characterization of leaf venation plays a key role in the recognition of taxonomic groups that have been identified mainly based on reproductive traits. This study aimed at characterizing the pattern of leaf venation of Rubiaceae, recognizing individual characters among the taxa of this group and testing the use of leaf architecture as a taxonomic tool capable of providing vegetative and diagnostically characteristics between species. Leaves of 14 species distributed in eight genera from Rubiaceae were diaphanized and classified. The study area is located in Área de Proteção Ambiental Serra Branca/Raso da Catarina, Bahia State, Brazil. The characterization of secondary veins, including type, spacing and number of pairs, third veining patterns, fourth and fifth order, and the conformation of the areola were useful to delimit taxa when used together, providing subsidies to more comprehensive studies.
Anticoagulantes orais diretos para o tratamento da trombose venosa profunda: revisão de revisões sistemáticas
Authors: Brandão Gustavo Muçouçah Sampaio , Cândido Raissa Carolina Fonseca , Rollo Hamilton de Almeida , Sobreira Marcone Lima , Junqueira Daniela R.
Published: December 2018

Resumo A terapia padrão com varfarina para a trombose venosa profunda (TVP) tem uma série de limitações já estabelecidas. Essa revisão de revisões sistemáticas elenca os principais resultados de eficácia e segurança dos anticoagulantes orais diretos (DOACs), inibidores da trombina e do fator X ativado (Xa), em pacientes com TVP. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases PubMed e Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Foram recuperados 23 estudos, e uma revisão sistemática foi considerada elegível. Essa revisão atingiu escore máximo no AMSTAR e incluiu 7.596 pacientes para análise dos inibidores da trombina e 16.356 pacientes para a análise dos inibidores do fator Xa. Os resultados da metanálise indicam que os DOACs apresentam eficácia similar à terapia padrão no tratamento da TVP. A incidência de sangramento maior é um pouco menor nos pacientes tratados com os inibidores do fator Xa e similar à terapia padrão no tratamento com inibidores diretos da trombina.
Fatores de risco para mortalidade em pacientes submetidos a amputações maiores por pé diabético infectado
Authors: Cardoso Natália Anício , Cisneros Ligia de Loiola , Machado Carla Jorge , Procópio Ricardo Jayme , Navarro Túlio Pinho
Published: December 2018

Resumo Contexto A lesão no pé de pacientes com diabetes é um importante problema de saúde pública que frequentemente está associado a amputações em membros inferiores e mortalidade nessa população. Objetivos Investigar os fatores de risco associados a mortalidade em pacientes com pé diabético infectado submetidos a amputação maior. Métodos Estudo observacional, retrospectivo e caso-controle. Amostra composta por 78 pacientes com pé diabético e úlcera infectada submetidos a amputação maior em um serviço de cirurgia vascular em um hospital universitário no período de 5 anos. Resultados A média de idade da amostra estudada foi de 63,8 ± 10,5 anos, com 54 (69,2%) pacientes do sexo masculino, com creatinina sérica média de 2,49 ± 2,4 mg/dL e hemoglobina sérica média de 7,36 ± 1,7 g/dL. Houve 47,4% de reinternação. Foi realizada amputação transtibial em 59,0% e transfemoral em 39,7% da amostra estudada. Nesta amostra, 87,2% dos pacientes apresentaram cultura positiva, predominantemente monomicrobiana (67,9%), e 30,8% apresentaram infecção hospitalar da úlcera. Os gêneros de bactérias mais frequentes foram Acinetobacter spp. (24,4%), Morganella spp. (24,4%) e Proteus spp. (23,1%). Nenhum gênero bacteriano foi identificado como fator de risco para óbito. O nível de creatinina ≥ 1,3 mg/dL (OR 17,8; IC 2,1-150) e a amputação transfemoral (OR 4,5; IC: 1,3-15,7) foram fatores de risco para o óbito. Conclusões Os níveis séricos de creatinina ≥ 1,3 mg/dL e amputação transfemoral foram fatores de risco para óbito.
Assessment of oxidative damage and enzymatic antioxidant system activity on the umbilical cord blood and saliva from preterm newborns with risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis
Authors: Coutinho Fábio Gonçalves , Diniz Edna Maria de Albuquerque , Kandler Ingrid , Cianciarullo Marco Antônio , Santos Natália Rodrigues dos
Published: December 2018

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: To determine the concentration of the Lipid Peroxidation Marker: Malondialdehyde (MDA), and Antioxidant Markers: Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), Catalase (CAL) in umbilical cord blood and in unstimulated saliva in the first 24 and 48 hours of life in the PTNB of mothers with and without risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with the signing of informed consent by the pregnant women and application of a standard questionnaire classifying the PTNB in Group 1 or 2. RESULTS: Twenty-one PTNB were studied. Regarding gender, birth weight, need for oxygen, use of phototherapy, diagnosis of assumed sepsis, presence of fetal distress, number of pregnancies, type of delivery, use of corticosteroids, premature rupture of membranes, maternal fever, chorioamnionitis, APGAR at the 5th and 10th minute of life. Statistical analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney test (p = 0.019) on the GPX variable of umbilical cord blood in the group of mothers with risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis. There was no statistical difference in the MDA, SOD, and CAT variables of the group with risk factors and in any variable of the group without risk factors. CONCLUSION: There was an increase of the GPX concentration in the blood from the umbilical vein in the group with risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis. There was no statistical significance in the comparison of saliva and umbilical cord blood. There was no statistically significant difference in MDA, SOD, CAT.
Growth achieved and correlation with blood pressure levels in schoolchildren
Authors: Cardoso Jane Laner , Leone Claudio
Published: December 2018

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension in childhood has increased progressively OBJECTIVE: To analyze blood pressure and height reached by children in public schools in the South of Brazil. METHODS: This is a sectional study of a randomized sample of 1,082 students of six to seven and nine to ten years old used to evaluate blood pressure and height. Blood pressure levels were classified by percentile for gender, age and stature according to the North American reference of National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. RESULTS: Schoolchildren presented adequate growth, which was, on average, higher than the WHO reference values. Blood pressure levels were altered in 13.8% of children, with a higher frequency in the nine and ten year olds (17.6%). The isolated analysis of systolic and diastolic Blood pressure revealed a similar trend, with blood pressure levels higher than the greater the value of the Z-score for stature. CONCLUSION: The schoolchildren in the study evidenced adequate growth and an elevated prevalence of pre-hypertension and arterial hypertension, which tended to be higher in older children and/or those that achieved a greater stature growth.
Opioid tapering and weaning protocols in pediatric critical care units: a systematic review
Authors: Bichaff Pedro , Setani Karina T , Motta Emiliana H. G , Delgado Artur F , Carvalho Werther B , Luglio Michele
Published: December 2018

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Opioid abstinence syndrome is common in the pediatric intensive care environment because sedation is often needed during the children's treatment. There is no specific guideline regarding the management of these patients; and lately, methadone is an important drug for the prevention of abstinence symptoms during the weaning of opioids. This study gathers the available research to establish the initial dose of methadone, the rate of taper and tools to recognize this syndrome and act promptly. METHODS: A systematic review was made from data of four different databases. Forty-nine articles of observational and experimental studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria (critical pediatric patients in acute use of opioids) and exclusion criteria (previous chronic use of opioids, other medications). The data regarding specific themes were separated in sections: initial dose of methadone, use of protocols in clinical practice, abstinence scales and adjuvant drugs. RESULTS: The articles showed a great heterogeneity of ways to calculate the initial dose of methadone. The pediatric intensive care units of the study had different weaning protocols, with a lower incidence of abstinence when a pre-defined sequence of tapering was used. The Withdrawal Assessment Tool – 1 was the most used scale for tapering the opioids, with good sensitivity and specificity for signs and symptoms. CONCLUSION: There is still little evidence of other medications that can help prevent the abstinence syndrome of opioids. This study tries to promote a better practice during opioid weaning.
Ultrasonography features of abdominal perimuscular connective tissue in elite and amateur basketball players: an observational study
Authors: Morales Carlos Romero , Polo Jaime Almazán , Sanz David Rodríguez , López Daniel López , González Sergio Vázquez , Buría José Luis Arias , Lobo César Calvo
Published: December 2018

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to assess and compare with rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) the perimuscular connective tissue (PMCT) and interrecti distance (IRD) between elite and amateur basketball players. A sample of 22 healthy basketball players was included and divided into two groups: elite basketball players from Spanish 1st division (n = 11) and amateur basketball players from an entertainment Spanish division (n = 11). Ultrasound images of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), transversus abdominis (TrAb), rectus anterior (RA) and IRD PMCT were measured and analysed by the ImageJ software. Measurements of abdominal wall muscles PMCT present statistically differences (P < .05) for an increase of perimuscular connective tissue of external oblique (PMCTEO), perimuscular connective tissue of transversus abdominis (PMCTTA) of the left side and an increase of PMCTEO on the right side in favor of the elite group. Rather, the study showed statistically differences (P < .05) for a decrease of perimuscular connective tissue between the internal oblique and transversus abdominis (PMCTIO-TA), and a decrease in PMCT total summation of the left side with elite group in respect to amateur group. This study reported an increase of left PMCTEO, left PMCTTAA, right PMCTEO as well as a decrease of left PMCTIO-TA and in PMCT total summation on the left side.
Trabalho compulsório e escravidão indígena no Brasil imperial: reflexões a partir da província paulista
Authors: Dornelles Soraia Sales
Published: December 2018

RESUMO Este artigo trata de um tema ainda muito pouco explorado na historiografia, o trabalho indígena no Brasil imperial, principalmente posterior à década de 1840, a partir das alterações da legislação indigenista de 1845 (Regulamento acerca das Missões de Catequese e Civilização de Índios) e imperial de 1850 (Lei de Terras). Em desacordo com a falácia já em voga no século XIX, de que os índios não se prestavam ao trabalho, observamos como essas populações atuaram nos mais diversos ramos econômicos: agricultura, pecuária, atividades extrativistas, serviços domésticos, abertura de estradas e realização de obras públicas, eles prestaram serviços de navegação, foram guias e soldados, entre tantas outras atividades. Sua cooptação nem sempre ocorreu com observância aos critérios legais, e essas populações muitas vezes foram submetidas à escravidão ou a formas análogas de coerção. Essa verdade era conhecida pelas autoridades do período e, também, pelos diversos grupos indígenas do Império, que negociaram e procuraram impor, na medida do possível, suas condições para as relações de trabalho.