bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effective bandwidth approach for the spectral splitting of solar spectrum using diffractive optical elements
Authors: Yolalmaz Alim , Yüce Emre
Published: March 2020

Spectral splitting of the sunlight using diffractive optical elements (DOEs) is an effective method to increase the efficiency of solar panels. Here, we design phase-only DOEs by using an iterative optimization algorithm to spectrally split and simultaneously concentrate solar spectrum. In our calculations, we take material dispersion into account as well as the normalized blackbody spectrum of the sunlight. The algorithm consists of the local search optimization and is strengthened with an outperforming logic operation called MEAN optimization. Using the MEAN optimization algorithm, we demonstrate spectral splitting of a dichromatic light source at 700 nm and 1100 nm with spectral splitting efficiencies of 92% and 94%, respectively. In this manuscript, we introduce an effective bandwidth approach, which reduces the computational time of DOEs from 89 days to 8 days, while preserving the spectral splitting efficiency. Using our effective bandwidth method, we manage to spectrally split light into two separate bands between 400 nm - 700 nm and 701 nm - 1100 nm, with splitting efficiencies of 56% and 63%, respectively. Our outperforming and effective bandwidth design approach can be applied to DOE designs in color holography, spectroscopy, and imaging applications.
Spectral µCT with an energy resolving and interpolating pixel detector
Authors: Lohse L. M. , Vassholz M. , Töpperwien M. , Jentschke T. , Bergamaschi A. , Chiriotti S. , Salditt T.
Published: March 2020

A main challenge in x-ray µCT with laboratory radiation derives from the broad spectral content, which in contrast to monochromatic synchrotron radiation gives rise to reconstruction artifacts and impedes quantitative reconstruction. Due to the low spectral brightness of these sources, monochromatization is unfavorable and parallel recording of a broad bandpath is practically indispensable. While conventional CT sums up all spectral components into a single detector value, spectral CT discriminates the data in several spectral bins. Here we show that a new generation of charge integrating and interpolating pixel detectors is ideally suited to implement spectral CT with a resolution in the range of 10 µm. We find that the information contained in several photon energy bins largely facilitates automated classification of materials, as demonstrated for of a mouse cochlea. Bones, soft tissues, background and metal implant materials are discriminated automatically. Importantly, this includes taking a better account of phase contrast effects, based on tailoring reconstruction parameters to specific energy bins.
Pass-block architecture for distributed-phase-reference quantum key distribution using silicon photonics
Authors: Dai Jincheng , Zhang Lei , Fu Xin , Zheng Xuezhe , Yang Lin
Published: March 2020

Secure transmission of information is an indispensable part of the government and individual activities. Quantum key distribution (QKD), ascribed to its security based on the laws of quantum mechanics, has become an urgent research task to eliminate the rapidly growing threats of the ever-evolving large-scale quantum computing. In this Letter, we propose a silicon photonics transmitter using a pass-block architecture and experimentally demonstrated its performance with a demodulation chip for high-speed distributed-phase-reference QKD. We show estimated asymptotic secret key rates of 792 kbps for coherent-one-way protocol and 940 kbps for differential-phase-shift protocol over a 20 km emulated fiber link. This work provides new levels of flexibility, to the best of our knowledge, of using silicon photonics devices to incorporate QKD into future telecommunications networks.
Experimental investigations on power spectral density estimation in heterogeneous dispersion unmanaged transmissions
Authors: Lonardi Matteo , Ramantanis Petros , Jennevé Philippe , Bigo Sebastien
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we present and verify by experiments a semi-analytical model to estimate the power spectral density of the noise-to-signal ratio in dispersion unmanaged transmissions over heterogeneous fiber types. The model combines an experimental calibration and an analytical formula. After a one-span profiling calibration, the overall system performance is assessed by joining the calibration results with a cumulative summing formula, targeting as a performance estimate the spectral density of the noise-to-signal ratio. After recalling the fundamental theoretical developments, we report experimental validations for four-span long dispersion unmanaged heterogeneous testbeds. According to the experimental results, the estimation error on the signal-to-noise ratio is always below 0.3 dB. Moreover, thanks to spectral knowledge, we show that we can account for some digital signal processing performed at the transceiver, which impacts system performance, such as the carrier-phase estimation. We demonstrate that without altering the experimental calibration, we can predict the performance adaptively to the carrier-phase estimation implemented at the receiver, capping the estimation error to < 0.5 dB.
Acrosome reaction-inducing substance triggers two different pathways of sperm intracellular signaling in newt fertilization
Authors: Kon Shinnosuke , Takaku Akio , Toyama Fubito , Takayama-Watanabe Eriko , Watanabe Akihiko
Published: March 2020

The acrosome reaction is induced in the sperm of Cynops pyrrhogaster immediately in response to a ligand protein called acrosome reaction-inducing substance (ARIS) in the egg jelly at fertilization, whereas a spontaneous acrosome reaction occurs time-dependently in correlation with the decline of sperm quality for fertilization. The ARIS-induced acrosome reaction was recently found to be mediated by TRPV4 in association with the NMDA type glutamate receptor, although the intracellular mediators for the acrosome reaction are largely unclear. In the present study, spontaneous acrosome reaction was significantly inhibited by Ni2+, RN1734, and diltiazem, which blocks Cav3.2, TRPV4 or TRPM8, and the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel, respectively. In contrast, expression of Ca2+-activated transmembrane and soluble adenylyl cyclases was detected in the sperm of C. pyrrhogaster by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Activator of transmembrane or soluble adenylyl cyclases (forskolin or HCO3-) independently promoted spontaneous acrosome reaction, while an inhibitor of each enzyme (MD12330A or KH7) inhibited it only in the sperm with high potential for spontaneous acrosome reaction. An inhibitor of protein kinase A (H89) inhibited spontaneous acrosome reaction in a manner independent of sperm potential for spontaneous acrosome reaction. Surprisingly, KH7 significantly inhibited ARIS-induced acrosome reaction, but its effect was seen in a small percentage of sperm. H89 had no effect on ARIS-induced acrosome reaction. These results suggest that C. pyrrhogaster sperm possess multiple intracellular pathways for acrosome reaction, involving Ca2+ permeable channels, adenylyl cyclases and PKA, and that two pathways having distinct dependencies on adenylyl cyclases may contribute to ARIS-induced acrosome reaction at fertilization.
Present status and expectation of aristaless-related homeobox (ARX) in endocrine pancreas
Authors: Xu Sai , Xu Ji-Ping
Published: March 2020

The aristaless-related homeobox (ARX) gene has become one of most frequently mutated genes which is closely linked with development of the vertebrate central nervous system; however, the molecular and clinical bases of its function in the proliferation and differentiation of the endocrine pancreas have not, to date, been systematically characterized. ARX is considered as a regulator which determines endocrine cell fate and a bio-marker of the pancreatic α-cell. Disruption and mutation of ARX are found to lead to the deletion and reduction of α-cells both in mice models and in humans. Furthermore, expression of ARX is regulated by multiple transcription factors involved in development of the pancreas, such as Ngn3, Isl1, Nkx2.2 and Nkx6.1. Taken together, given the vital importance of glucagon in diabetes treatment, it is possible that ARX may down-regulate exorbitant glucagon levels by reducing the number of α-cells as a direct target; thus, the role of ARX in the maintenance of α-cell identity and quantity should be investigated and summarized. This article mainly focuses on the role of ARX in the endocrine pancreas, introduces the ARX-related animal model and transcription factors, and highlights the latest advances in our understanding in order to provide a clearer theoretical foundation for future scientific research.
Brinster Spermatogonial Stem Cell Transplantation 25th Anniversary Symposium
Authors: Dobrinski Ina , Orwig Kyle
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The Symposium, co-sponsored by the Institute of Regenerative Medicine, the University Research Foundation, the Center for Research on Reproduction and Women’s Health, the Penn Center for the Study of Epigenetics in Reproduction, and Penn Vet at the University of Pennsylvania, commemorated the 25th anniversary of the first publications describing spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) transplantation in mice. This transformative approach has propelled advances in our understanding of germ cell biology, has been translated to a variety of vertebrate species, and holds translational potential for fertility restoration in patients. The symposium opened with a lecture by Dr. Brinster reflecting on the origin of the work, as well as advances over the 25 years up to present ongoing studies. Following Dr. Brinster’s remarks, 10 lectures were presented by distinguished scientists, including several of Dr. Brinster’s former trainees and colleagues. The symposium closed with a keynote lecture by Dr. David Page. Topics ranged from aspects of basic SSC biology to applications in large animal models and potential translation to treating human male infertility. Many of the studies presented directly resulted from SSC transplantation technology highlighting its tremendous impact in advancing the field. The Symposium program and the lectures can be found at https://spark.adobe.com/page/jS0cDLzLHvOiJ
Human rights, sanitation, and sewers
Authors: Greene Dobbins ELizabeth
Published: March 2020

The human rights that are enshrined in most western democracies are based on enlightenment ideals of freedom, equality, and justice. Although these core principles are inspirational, their application has not necessarily been equitable or complete enough to provide for the stability, safety, health, and security of all citizens. A more modern understanding of human rights encompasses that which is needed to establish human flourishing, including guaranteed access to water, particularly the clean water provided by adequate sanitation. Without confidence in broad safety and health, and established norms for individual protections, it is difficult for a society to be stable and flourish.  Although this argument begins with political philosophy, it ends with a case study in Alabama, one of the poorest states in the United States.  This study evaluates the dysfunction caused to local communities and greater society when governmental organizations fail to provide sanitation and guarantee public health for their communities.
Targeting of parvulin interactors by diazirine mediated cross-linking discloses a cellular role of human Par14/17 in actin polymerization
Authors: Goehring Anna , Michin Irina , Gerdes Tina , Schulze Nina , Blueggel Mike , Rehic Edisa , Kaschani Farnusch , Kaiser Markus , Bayer Peter
Published: March 2020

The peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) Parvulin 14 (Par14) and Parvulin 17 (Par17) result from alternative transcription initiation of the PIN4 gene. Whereas Par14 is present in all metazoan, Par17 is only expressed in Hominidae. Par14 resides mainly within the cellular nucleus, while Par17 is translocated into mitochondria. Using photo-affinity labeling, cross-linking and mass spectrometry (MS) we identified binding partners for both enzymes from HeLa lysates and disentangled their cellular roles. Par14 is involved in biogenesis of ribonucleoprotein (RNP)-complexes, RNA processing and DNA repair. Its elongated isoform Par17 participates in protein transport/translocation and in cytoskeleton organization. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy reveals that Par17 binds to β-actin with its N-terminal region, while both parvulins initiate actin polymerization depending on their PPIase activity as monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy. The knockdown (KD) of Par17 in HCT116 cells results in a defect in cell motility and migration.
Reliability and Validity of a Method for the Assessment of Sport Rock Climbers' Isometric Finger Strength
Authors: Torr Oliver , Randall Thomas , Knowles Remus , Giles David , Atkins Stephen
Published: March 2020

Torr, O, Randall, T, Knowles, R, Giles, D, and Atkins, S. The reliability and validity of a method for the assessment of sport rock climbers' isometric finger strength. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2277–2282, 2022—Isometric strength of the finger flexors is considered to be one of the main physical determinants of sport rock climbing performance. We set out to determine the test-retest reliability and criterion validity of a low resource maximal isometric finger strength (MIFS) testing protocol that uses a pulley system to add or remove weight to/from a climber's body. To determine test-retest reliability, 15 subjects' MIFS was assessed on 2 occasions, separated by a minimum of 48 hours. Body mass and maximum load were recorded on both occasions. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) between visits for all variables were very good (ICC > 0.91), with small bias and effect sizes—particularly when expressed as a percentage of body mass (ICC = 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.93–0.99). To determine the criterion validity of MIFS and climbing ability, data of 229 intermediate to higher elite climbers were compared. Pearson's product moment correlations demonstrated good agreement, again particularly between total load when expressed as a percentage of body mass and climbing performance (r = 0.421–0.503). The results illustrate the sensitivity of a simple test for the determination of MIFS in intermediate to height elite climbers from an ecologically valid, climbing specific test that only requires equipment found at most climbing walls. This low resource test protocol for the assessment of isometric finger strength has wide-reaching utility, for instance when assessing strength before and after a training intervention or when prescribing load intensities for exercises aimed at improving maximal finger strength.
Effect of Asymmetry on Biomechanical Characteristics During 180° Change of Direction
Authors: Thomas Christopher , Dos'Santos Thomas , Comfort Paul , Jones Paul A.
Published: March 2020

Thomas, C, Dos'Santos, T, Comfort, P, and Jones, PA. Effect of asymmetry on biomechanical characteristics during 180° change of direction. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1297–1306, 2020—The aim of this study was to explore the effect of asymmetry on biomechanical characteristics during two 180° change of direction (CoD) tasks (505 and modified 505 [505mod]). Fifty-two male (n = 24; age = 22.1 ± 4.8 years; height = 1.78 ± 0.06 m; body mass = 76.9 ± 10.8 kg) and female (n = 28; age = 19.1 ± 1.7 years; height = 1.67 ± 0.06 m; body mass = 60.4 ± 7.4 kg) team-sport players were recruited for this investigation. Three-dimensional motion data using 10 Qualisys Oqus 7 infrared cameras (240 Hz) and ground reaction force (GRF) data from 2 AMTI force platforms (1,200 Hz) were collected to analyze penultimate contacts (PEN) and final foot contacts. A series of repeated-measures analysis of variance were used to examine for differences in each dependent variable. Significant differences existed between dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) limbs for knee abduction angle (KAA) during 505mod (p = 0.048), while significant differences existed for peak horizontal and vertical GRF (vGRF) (p < 0.001) during 505. For both tasks, the PEN involved significantly greater peak vGRF, hip flexion angles, hip extensor moments, knee flexion angles, and knee extensor moments, but lower average vGRF, horizontal GRF, and peak ankle extensor moments. For 505, the ND limb involved significantly greater peak vGRF, but the opposite was revealed for peak horizontal GRF. For 505mod, the D limb involved significantly greater KAAs. Finally, there was a significant interaction (group × limb) for peak horizontal GRF ratio during 505. For both tasks, there was no interaction or main effects for time to completion. Therefore, it appears asymmetry influences GRFs and KAAs, but not completion time during 180° CoD in team-sport players.
Early Results of a Novel Single-Stage Hybrid Aortic Arch Replacement Technique to Reduce Bypass and Circulatory Arrest Duration
Authors: Bhamidipati Castigliano Murthy , Pal Jay D
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Objective: Hybrid repair procedures of the aortic arch have been utilized to reduce surgical risks and apply this therapy to patients who would not traditionally be candidates for open surgical repair.  We present a variation on the frozen elephant trunk technique to further reduce cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest duration.
Methods: After initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass and during systemic cooling, a wire is advanced from the femoral artery into the aortic arch.  In the case of aortic dissection, intravascular ultrasound is used to confirm true lumen placement.  Under circulatory arrest, the proximal aortic arch is resected and the wire externalized.  Antegrade deployment of a stent graft is performed into the aortic arch and proximal descending aorta.  The ascending aortic graft is sewn to the cut end of the aorta, incorporating the stent graft.  The graft is cannulated and cardiopulmonary bypass reinitiated.  The remainder of the arch replacement is performed during re-warming.
Results: Twenty two patients underwent this novel hybrid arch replacement procedure for aortic pseudoaneurysm, aortic dissection, or aneurysm.  In comparison to the frozen elephant trunk procedure, where a dacron graft is inserted into the descending aorta, and later fixed with an endograft, this technique allows for immediate distal fixation.  In the case of aortic dissection, there is immediate expansion of the true lumen with distal seal, potentially obviating the need for additional procedures.  Mean duration of follow up is 12 months (range 1 – 14 months).  The mean duration of cardiopulmonary bypass was 109.32 ±3.14 minutes.  The mean duration of circulatory arrest was 18.00 ±1.33 minutes at a mean temperature of 23.64 ±0.58 degrees Celsius.  There were no mortalities, no permanent disabling strokes, and no renal failure (requiring dialysis).
Conclusions: This novel hybrid technique for aortic arch replacement is safe, significantly reduces cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest times, and is performed readily without need for fluoroscopy.  In patients with thoracoabdominal aneurysms, the stent graft can be used as an elephant trunk for further thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair or branched thoracic endovascular aortic repair procedures.
Mengenal Tafsir Nusantara: Melacak Mata Rantai Tafsir Dari Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapura Hingga Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Said Hasani Ahmad
Published: March 2020

Tafsir (exegesis) scholars traced in the Nusantara archipelago, will not be separated from the figure of ‘Abdurrauf al-Fansuri with his Tarjuman alMustafid. Through this work, tafsir had been developed through many media teaching until today. This work also allegedly gave birth to a variety of tafsir model and methodology of qur’anic interpretation in the archipelago. At least two aspects of the interpretation gives birth to the scholars transmission; and to development of the science of interpretation. Firstly, through the activities of teaching; and secondly, through writings. Through these two transmission lines the network of interpretation, until today continues to progress well.
Afecciones respiratorias asociadas a factores ambientales y sanitarios en tres veredas de Guarne, Colombia, 2015
Authors: Mejia-Toro Wilber A. , Fabra-Arrieta Julio C.
Published: March 2020

Objetivo Determinar la asociación existente entre factores ambientales y sanitarios, y la prevalencia de afecciones respiratorias en los habitantes de las veredas El Sango, Romeral y Pastorcita del municipio de Guarne, Colombia, segundo semestre del año 2015.Materiales y Métodos El estudio fue de carácter descriptivo con análisis correlaciónales, en él se emplearon fuentes primarias de información, se diseñó una encuesta con preguntas cerradas. La población fue constituida por 493 habitantes, con edad ≥18 años. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, bivariados con cálculos de prueba Chi 2 y Fischer, con RP y sus respectivos IC del 95%.Resultados Entre los más importantes, se encontró que el 6,5% de la población ha padecido en el último año, alguna afección respiratoria, las más frecuentes fueron: asma con 2,9% y EPOC con un 2,7%. Se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas entre padecer afecciones respiratorias y residir cerca de fábricas o industrias:RP 2,608 (IC 1,344-5,059) P<0,05; también se encontraron riesgos en personas que residen cerca de aguas negras o basureros: RP 2,333 (IC 1,278-4,257) P<0,05.Pudo encontrarse mayor prevalencia en personas cuyas casas tienen techos de barro, caña o esterilla: X2 3,214, P<0,05; así como vivir en la vereda Romeral: X2 7,032, P<0,05.Conclusiones La población de interés se encuentra expuesta a factores de contaminación ambiental (micro fábricas o industrias) y sanitaria (aguas negras y basureros) y que en efecto estos están asociados a la prevalencia de afecciones respiratorias en el sector.
Imagen social del kinesiólogo en atención primaria de salud: una experiencia chilena
Authors: Reyes Priscila , Barría-Pailaquilén Mauricio
Published: March 2020

Objetivo Describir las percepciones de pacientes ambulatorios de atención primaria sobre la imagen social del kinesiólogo y su rol profesional.Método Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico en usuarios mayores de 18 años de tres centros de atención primaria de Valdivia, Chile. Por criterio de saturación de datos se incorporaron 21 participantes mediante muestreo intencional. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas analizadas con el método Colaizzi.Resultados Surgieron dos temas principales: "conocimiento del rol del kinesiólogo" y "valor otorgado al kinesiólogo". La imagen social sigue débil y no bien reconocida por los usuarios, algunos de los cuales solo la identifican al acceder a terapia. Se percibe su rol en las áreas de rehabilitación, trastornos esqueléticos y terapia respiratoria, asignando una valoración diferencial dentro del equipo de salud.Conclusión En Chile hay desconocimiento sobre la esencia y foco de la kinesiología siendo una profesión poco visible con un campo del quehacer no reconocido plenamente.
Verificación de niveles de atenuación de protectores auditivos tipo copa en trabajadores del sector Hidrocarburos
Authors: Upegui-Rincon Sildrey , Araque-Muñoz Luis Guillermo , Lizarazo-Salcedo Cesar German , Berrio Garcia Shyrle , Guarguati-Ariza Juliana Andrea
Published: March 2020

Objetivo Verificar los niveles de atenuación de dos tipos de protectores auditivos de copa bajo condiciones reales de operación.Métodos Se realizó un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas de los niveles de presión sonora al interior y exterior de los protectores auditivos, realizando mediciones de ruido bajo circunstancias habituales de trabajo para operadores de una planta de hidrocarburos.Posteriormente, se determinaron las diferencias entre los niveles de atenuación establecidos por el fabricante, los niveles de atenuación ajustados bajo el método recomendado por NIOSH y los niveles de atenuación obtenidos experimentalmente.Resultados Los valores de atenuación ofrecidos por los fabricantes difieren de los obtenidos experimentalmente, siendo estos últimos, menores en todos los casos del estudio. Los valores de atenuación de los protectores auditivos ajustados bajo el método NIOSH alcanzaron valores más cercanos a los experimentales.Conclusiones La variabilidad entre los valores de atenuación teóricos y experimentales, permiten establecer que las estimaciones de los niveles de atenuación obtenidos en condiciones controladas no consideran aspectos que en condiciones reales de uso afectan la eficiencia del protector auditivo. Este estudio plantea la necesidad de implementarprogramas integrales de protección auditiva, que permitan considerar variables asociadas a la eficacia del dispositivo en condiciones de uso, a través de la aplicación de pruebas de ajuste o en su defecto a través de la aplicación de los factores de ajuste sugeridos por NIOSH, con el fin de realizar una adecuada selección que permita alcanzar un control efectivo para el ruido.
Polifarmacia en adulto mayor, impacto en su calidad de vida. Revision de literatura
Authors: Sanchez-Rodriguez Jose Rolando , Escare-Oviedo Camila Alejandra , Olivares Valeria Estivalis Castro , Robles-Molina Cynthia Romina , Vergara-Martínez Marcelo Ignacio , Jara-Castillo Catherine Tatiana
Published: March 2020

Objetivo Conocer mediante el análisis del estado del conocimiento, el impacto de polifarmacia en calidad de vida de adultos mayores y cuál ha sido el rol de enfermería frente a esta problemática de salud.Métodos Revisión descriptiva de 62 artículos originales de diversos diseños metodológicos, en bases de datos: EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Science, SciELO, Elsevier, SCOPUS y Dialnet.Resultados La polifarmacia en adultos mayores se presenta con mayor frecuencia en el sexo femenino, en personas con bajo nivel de escolaridad, sumados a factores socioeconómico. Un gran porcentaje de adultos mayores presenta efecto cascada en consumo de fármacos, por cantidad de medicamentos consumidos y número de médicos consultados, produciendo interacciones farmacológicas, afectando funcionalidad y calidad de vida.Conclusiones Es necesario mayor control de medicamentos consumidos por adultos mayores, para evitar efectos nocivos. Los profesionales de enfermería deben tener un rol educativo en este grupo etario, para disminuir polifarmacia e impulsar estilos de vida que fomenten el envejecimiento saludable.
Sociodemographic and occupational aspects associated with burnout in military nursing workers
Authors: Dorneles Ademir Jones Antunes , Dalmolin Graziele de Lima , Andolhe Rafaela , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Lunardi Valéria Lerch
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze association between burnout and sociodemographic and occupational features of military nursing workers. Methods: a cross-sectional study, developed in five military hospitals of the Army of Rio Grande do Sul State, among 167 workers from military nursing from December 2015 to May 2016. Sociodemographic and occupational questionnaires and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were applied. For the analysis, it was used descriptive statistics, Chi-Square Test and Poisson Regression. Results: the majority of participants were female; temporary military personnel, nursing technicians, with a median age of 34 years old. Burnout was related to the variables: Military Health Organization, time of practice in military nursing and accomplishment of leisure activities. Conclusions: burnout assessment may contribute to the Brazilian Army Command in organizing plans for prevention and handling of occupational diseases in military nursing, improving quality of life at work.
Professional Autonomy as Centrality in Best Practices in Nursing
Authors: Peres Maria Angélica de Almeida , Paim Lygia , Brandão Marcos Antonio Gomes
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to reflect on professional, user and family autonomy as a centrality in Best Practices in nursing in Brazil. Methods: this is a theoretical-reflective study. Results: from a retrospective look at the creation and evolution of nursing autonomy in its knowledge and care practices, it exposes the use of autonomy in nursing care and foster the participation of the user and his family as the center of Best Practices in nursing. Final considerations: the text suggests the institutional commitment of health services to the formal postgraduate education of nurses and the prospect of more autonomy and quality for the expression of Best Practices in nursing.
Stress of nursing professionals working in pre-hospital care
Authors: Carvalho Ana Elizabeth Lopes de , Frazão Iracema da Silva , Silva Darine Marie Rodrigues da , Andrade Maria Sandra , Vasconcelos Selene Cordeiro , Aquino Jael Maria de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: To analyze the factors related to the occupational stress of a Mobile Emergency Care Service (Samu) nursing team. Methods: This is a descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, performed with nursing professionals from Samu service of a city of Pernambuco. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Lipp’s Stress Symptom Inventory were used. Results: The participants presenting stress (24.6%) were classified in the phases: resistance (19.7%), exhaustion (4.4%) and near exhaustion (0.5%). It was also observed an association of stress level with the following factors: gender, sleep quality, professional autonomy restriction, emotional exhaustion with work performed and work in inadequate or unhealthy physical facilities. Conclusions: Although showing low occurrence of stress, this study pointed out the profile that presents the highest risk of developing occupational stress, through the factors significantly associated with stress in the studied population.
Embracement of the person with mental illness at an emergency hospital service: a qualitative research
Authors: Lopes Paula Fernanda , Melo Luciana de Lione , Moreno Vania , Toledo Vanessa Pellegrino
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand actions of nurses who care for people person with mental illness at a Referenced Emergency Unit in a university hospital. Methods: a qualitative research based on Alfred Schütz’s social phenomenology. Data collection was performed between December 2015 and January 2016 through phenomenological interviews with 13 nurses from an Emergency Unit. Results: nurses embrace according to their previous experiences. They easily identify biological complaints and, when they recognize psychiatric signs and symptoms, refer them to the psychiatrist. They raise doubts about what to do, so they expect to be qualified for such action, believing that a protocol could help as well as they need more time. Final considerations: the understanding of the lived type of nurse who embraces people with mental distress made possible in this study need recognition for research and interventions that focus on biological, psychic and social dimension articulation at embracement.
Homeless people's social representations about self-care
Authors: Silva Dejeane de Oliveira , Oliveira Jeane Freitas de , Porcino Carle , Gomes Antônio Marcos Tosoli , Suto Cleuma Sueli Santos , Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: To capture and analyze the structure of homeless people’s social representations about self-care. Methods: Research based on the theory of social representations, with 122 people in street situation. A semistructured questionnaire and free evocation technique were applied with the inducing words “caring for myself is”. The evocations were processed by the software Evoc and Iramuteq, allowing to identify central and peripheral elements and the connection between them. Results: For the group studied, “feeding oneself, personal hygiene, protecting oneself and visiting the doctor” are actions and attitudes that represent caring for themselves. In the streets, “feeding oneself” is an essential action for living/surviving that underpins the others. Final considerations: Despite behaviors based on the biomedical model, self-care was represented by extended actions to meet basic human needs. This study offers elements of reflection to rethink care practices developed by health professionals.
Occupational stress in nursing professionals of a university hospital
Authors: Santana Lucas Carvalho , Ferreira Lúcia Aparecida , Santana Lenniara Pereira Mendes
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: To identify the presence of occupational stress in nursing professionals of a university hospital in the inlands of the state of Minas Gerais and examine influence of sociodemographic and occupational characteristics in this disease. Methods: Cross-sectional, exploratory and quantitative study with 124 professional nurses from a university hospital in the inlands of the state of Minas Gerais. The adapted and validated Portuguese version of the Job Stress Scale (JSS) was used for the performance of the study. Results: Most professionals were women (87.9%) with a mean age of 40.2 years, 80.6% were nursing technicians and 71.8% of the sample had some degree of exposure to occupational stress. Conclusions: The occupational stress index was higher than that observed in previous studies. Data obtained in the study point to the need to implement institutional measures for the prevention of occupational stress, especially by strengthening social support at work.
Incorporação de modelos internacionais de gerenciamento de riscos na normativa federal
Authors: Souza Flávio Sergio Rezende Nunes de , Braga Marcus Vinícius de Azevedo , Cunha Armando Santos Moreira da , Sales Patrick Del Bosco de
Published: March 2020

Abstract The issue of risk management has gained attention in the field of administration due to the dissemination of international frameworks. In Brazilian federal public administration, risk management is a recent and expanding practice. This research analyzes how international corporate risk management frameworks have been adopted by the federal government through regulations and guidelines. The study adopts the concepts of coercive, normative, and mimetic forces from the neo-institutional theory, and examines the presence of international norms in the Brazilian regulations. Through a qualitative approach, content analysis in documents, norms, interviews, and seminars was used to identify traits of the COSO ERM and ISO 31000/2009 frameworks, which were chosen based on relevance. Results identify important actors pushing for the use of international frameworks, such as international organizations, professional associations, and public agencies, especially those related to government audits. Despite the strong international influence, the Brazilian norms are adapted to the organizations’ context and allowing the maintenance of national autonomy.
Novo olhar ao board interlocking: evidências a partir das redes sociais corporativas
Authors: Magro Cristian Baú Dal , Klann Roberto Carlos
Published: March 2020

Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as estruturas de interligações pelos membros do conselho de administração (CA) com expertise política e financeira de empresas listadas na B3. A amostra foi composta por 2.474 observações no período de 2010 a 2015. Por meio da Teoria da Agência, sugere-se que o board interlocking (BI) pela expertise financeira pode auxiliar o monitoramento corporativo e servir como mitigador dos conflitos da agência. Por outro lado, o BI pela expertise política pode maximizar o comportamento oportunista. Na visão da Teoria da Dependência de Recursos, o BI pela expertise financeira pode auxiliar as empresas na captação de recursos financeiros, enquanto o BI pela expertise política pode maximizar os resultados mediante contratos mais lucrativos e vantagens oferecidas pelos políticos. Conclui-se que a sistematização do BI pelos diferentes tipos de expertise pode ser utilizada em futuras pesquisas para explicar as estratégias, as decisões e os fenômenos corporativos, bem como para avaliar as causas e os efeitos de tais estruturas na gestão das organizações.
A new look at board interlocking: evidence from corporate social networks
Authors: Magro Cristian Baú Dal , Klann Roberto Carlos
Published: March 2020

Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as estruturas de interligações pelos membros do conselho de administração (CA) com expertise política e financeira de empresas listadas na B3. A amostra foi composta por 2.474 observações no período de 2010 a 2015. Por meio da Teoria da Agência, sugere-se que o board interlocking (BI) pela expertise financeira pode auxiliar o monitoramento corporativo e servir como mitigador dos conflitos da agência. Por outro lado, o BI pela expertise política pode maximizar o comportamento oportunista. Na visão da Teoria da Dependência de Recursos, o BI pela expertise financeira pode auxiliar as empresas na captação de recursos financeiros, enquanto o BI pela expertise política pode maximizar os resultados mediante contratos mais lucrativos e vantagens oferecidas pelos políticos. Conclui-se que a sistematização do BI pelos diferentes tipos de expertise pode ser utilizada em futuras pesquisas para explicar as estratégias, as decisões e os fenômenos corporativos, bem como para avaliar as causas e os efeitos de tais estruturas na gestão das organizações.
Construção da agenda de inclusão financeira à luz da Teoria Ator-Rede
Authors: Sela Vilma Meurer , Gonzalez Lauro , Christopoulos Tania P
Published: March 2020

Resumo Este artigo procurou compreender a atuação dos atores no processo de construção social da agenda de inclusão financeira no Brasil, utilizando a Teoria Ator-Rede (TAR) como lente teórica, visto que a formação da agenda pode ser compreendida como um contínuo processo de associações que envolve diferentes mediadores. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com representantes das instituições envolvidas no processo de construção da agenda em tela, bem como de fontes documentais. A dinâmica do processo de construção da agenda de inclusão financeira foi analisada considerando os quatro momentos da translação (problematização, atração de interesses, recrutamento e mobilização) apresentados na literatura pertinente. Verificou-se que a agenda de inclusão financeira no Brasil é fruto de um processo incremental, que contou com a atuação de uma ampla gama de atores (do governo, do mercado, fomentadores e estudiosos e internacionais) e que foi influenciada por alguns elementos não humanos, destacando-se o Banco Central do Brasil (BCB) como ator focal do processo.
Ecossistema de inovação social, sustentabilidade e experimentação democrática: um estudo em Florianópolis
Authors: Andion Carolina , Alperstedt Graziela Dias , Graeff Júlia Furlanetto
Published: March 2020

Resumo As cidades têm sido concebidas como um dos principais loci para promoção de mudanças nos padrões de desenvolvimento e na construção de soluções que possam fazer face à complexidade dos problemas públicos contemporâneos. Nesse contexto, o estudo dos ecossistemas de inovação social (EIS) e de seus efeitos nas cidades se coloca como temática relevante, considerando a crise socioambiental e a diversidade e amplitude dos problemas urbanos vivenciados. Trata-se de compreender em que medida os EIS geram consequências diante das problemáticas vividas nas arenas públicas da cidade. Eis o foco deste artigo, que propõe uma abordagem teórico-metodológica, de inspiração pragmatista, para cartografia e análise dos EIS, que se aplica na cidade de Florianópolis. Por meio da co-construção de uma plataforma digital colaborativa, observam-se atores, suas interações e suas práticas, com vistas a compreender “se” e “como” essa rede favorece a “investigação pública” ou a experimentação democrática e/ou promove dinâmicas de desenvolvimento mais sustentáveis na cidade.
Social innovation ecosystems, sustainability, and democratic experimentation: a study in Florianopolis, Brazil
Authors: Andion Carolina , Alperstedt Graziela Dias , Graeff Júlia Furlanetto
Published: March 2020

Resumo As cidades têm sido concebidas como um dos principais loci para promoção de mudanças nos padrões de desenvolvimento e na construção de soluções que possam fazer face à complexidade dos problemas públicos contemporâneos. Nesse contexto, o estudo dos ecossistemas de inovação social (EIS) e de seus efeitos nas cidades se coloca como temática relevante, considerando a crise socioambiental e a diversidade e amplitude dos problemas urbanos vivenciados. Trata-se de compreender em que medida os EIS geram consequências diante das problemáticas vividas nas arenas públicas da cidade. Eis o foco deste artigo, que propõe uma abordagem teórico-metodológica, de inspiração pragmatista, para cartografia e análise dos EIS, que se aplica na cidade de Florianópolis. Por meio da co-construção de uma plataforma digital colaborativa, observam-se atores, suas interações e suas práticas, com vistas a compreender “se” e “como” essa rede favorece a “investigação pública” ou a experimentação democrática e/ou promove dinâmicas de desenvolvimento mais sustentáveis na cidade.
PROFESSORES E SUAS TECNOLOGIAS: UMA CULTURA DOCENTE EM AÇÃO
Authors: FIGUEIREDO TIAGO DZIEKANIAK , RODRIGUES SHEYLA COSTA
Published: March 2020

RESUMO: O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com 18 professores de matemática, que são alunos ou egressos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação em Ciências da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG. Com suporte teórico na Biologia do Conhecer, trazemos a análise de três discursos, utilizando a técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, na qual é possível observar a cultura destes professores quanto à organização e a particularização do seu fazer, no uso das tecnologias digitais, uma vez que estas estão cada vez mais presentes nos espaços educativos, com potencial para transformar o ensinar e o aprender, bem como a compreensão dos professores sobre a necessidade de uma maior apropriação técnica e a importância de aceitá-las e usá-las pedagogicamente.
Rootstocks for the new seedless table grape ‘BRS Vitória’ under tropical semi-arid conditions of São Francisco Valley
Authors: Leão Patrícia Coelho de Souza , Nascimento José Henrique Bernardino do , Moraes Dayane Silva de , Souza Edimara Ribeiro de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT ‘BRS Vitoria’ is the most important Brazilian table grape cultivar in the domestic and foreign markets, standing out for the seedleness, pleasant flavor, high yield and mildew resistance. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the rootstock on the yield, production components, vigor, and physical and chemical characteristics of the ‘BRS Vitória’ grape under irrigation in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted over eight consecutive production cycles in the period from 2015 to 2018 in a commercial area in the Senador Nilo Coelho project, Petrolina, PE. The treatments were represented by seven rootstocks: ‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, ‘IAC 313’, ‘Harmony’, ‘SO4’, ‘Paulsen 1103’, and ‘Freedom’, using a randomized block experimental design with four replications. The results were variable among production cycles, with significant effects of the rootstock in some cycles and/or in the overall mean of the cycles. The variables of pruning weight, sprouting, bud fertility, and titratable acidity were not affected by the rootstock in any of the production cycles evaluated in this study. ‘Harmony’ rootstock promoted greater berry mass and diameter but reduced the soluble solids content. Vines of ‘BRS Vitória’ showed moderate vigor, high bud fertility and yield, satisfactory characteristics of bunch and berry, sugars and acids content that meet the requirements of the most demanding markets in all the rootstocks evaluated in this study.
Quem ganha o quê, quando e como? Emendas orçamentárias em Saúde no Brasil
Authors: Baião Alexandre Lima , Couto Cláudio Gonçalves , Oliveira Vanessa Elias de
Published: March 2020

RESUMO Introdução: Segundo o senso comum, emendas parlamentares individuais favoreceriam o clientelismo e drenariam recursos de programas nacionais para projetos ineficientes e pulverizados. Não obstante, emendas individuais, principalmente as voltadas para a área de saúde, ganharam espaço no orçamento federal. Os objetivos deste artigo são verificar se as emendas ao orçamento da saúde se concentram nos municípios que mais demandam recursos e identificar fatores que afetam a escolha que cada deputado federal faz ao direcionar emendas entre os diversos municípios de seu estado. Materiais e Métodos: Os municípios de cada estado brasileiros foram separados por tercis em termos de carência de repasse de recursos. Em seguida, verificou-se se o grupo com maior demanda era o que apresentava maior valor per capita de emendas. Essa análise incluiu a construção de um índice de carência formado por pesos aleatórios atribuídos em uma simulação Monte Carlo. Para atender o segundo objetivo, analisou-se, através de regressão, os valores propostos das emendas orçamentárias contra determinantes políticos, econômicos, fiscais, sociais e burocráticos. Resultados: Dentro de cada estado as emendas se concentraram nos municípios que menos precisavam do repasse. Fatores relativos à carência municipal por recursos para a saúde não afetam a decisão alocativa dos deputados, enquanto fatores políticos têm peso relevante. Discusión: É provável que deputados não utilizem emendas ao orçamento para satisfazer eleitores carentes por determinado serviço público, mas sim para sedimentar alianças com prefeitos de municípios de suas bases eleitorais.
El efecto de la edad de los candidatos sobre la participación electoral. El caso de Chile
Authors: Quiroga Mauricio Morales , Peyrin Claudio Lara
Published: March 2020

RESUMEN Introducción: Evaluamos el efecto de la edad de los candidatos sobre las variaciones de la participación electoral según tramo etáreo. Materiales y Métodos: Utilizamos como caso de estudio las e1180009 lecciones legislativas chilenas de 2013. Sobre la base de un modelo de regresión lineal multivariado, medimos el efecto de la edad de los candidatos sobre la participación electoral. Resultados: Concluimos que la presencia de candidatos jóvenes (de 30 años o menos) estimula la participación de electores de 18 a 29 años, siendo irrelevante en electores de 30 a 59 años, y deprimiendo la participación en electores de 60 años y más. Discusión: Sugerimos que dicho efecto no es homogéneo según los niveles de pobreza comunal. La presencia de candidatos jóvenes estimula la participación sólo en comunas con niveles de pobreza iguales o inferiores al promedio.
Imigração e resistência
Authors: Mathias Dionei
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Neste artigo pretende-se analisar a representação de personagens femininas no contexto da literatura de imigração de expressão alemã. Com foco na resistência, o artigo discute a intersecção de gênero e imigração no conto “Schatten und Schritte”, de Aysel Özakin, e no romance Der Russeisteiner, der Birkenliebt, de Olga Grjasnowa. O primeiro texto, publicado em 1985, apresenta uma voz da primeira fase da história de fluxos migratórios para a Alemanha; o segundo, de 2012, apresenta uma discussão sobre percepções femininas e práticas de resistência depois da virada do milênio. Resistência é entendida aqui como processo que consiste em reconhecer, nomear e refrear ações que produzem desigualdades. O primeiro texto conecta a resistência com uma sensação de culpa; o segundo foca, sobretudo, na autonomia obtida por meio de atos de resistência.