bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Sifat Fisika dan Kimia Tanah Pada Lahan Agrowisata, Politeknik Seruyan
Authors: Muhammad Nazarul Yanis
Published: January 2025

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui data sifat fisik dan kimia tanah pada Lahan Agrowisata, Politeknik Seruyan, Kecamatan Seruyan Hilir, Kabupaten Seruyan, Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Mei-Juli 2024. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode survei eksplorasi menggunakan teknik Systematic Grid Sampling, Wawancara dan Analisis Sampel di laboratorium. Parameter yang diamati adalah Tekstur Tanah (Texture by Feel), Kedalaman Tanah, Drainase, Kemiringan Lereng (Slope), Ketinggian Tempat (Altitude) dan pH Tanah (pH Meter). Data hasil penelitian kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Tekstur Tanah yang dominan di lokasi penelitian adalah Liat Berpasir, Lempung Berpasir dan Pasir. Kedalaman Tanahnya adalah >75 cm (dalam), Kelas Drainasenya adalah agak terhambat, Kemiringan Lerengnya adalah berombak (datar), Ketinggian Tempat berkisar    10-15 mdpl, dan pH Tanah rata-rata adalah 5,7 (Agak Masam). Pada umumnya sifat fisika dan kimia tanah pada Lahan Agrowisata, Politeknik Seruyan masuk dalam kriteria tergolong baik. Kondisi sifat fisika/kimia tanahnya yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dalam pengolahan dan budidaya berbagai jenis tanaman.
Analisa Efek Penggunaan Kolam Perikanan Pada Gedung Tinggi di Indonesia
Authors: Purnamasari Tina , * Ridwan , Paroipo Wahyu Trifadil , Hura Juangga Rizki
Published: January 2025

The use of fish ponds in tall buildings in Indonesia is increasingly popular along with increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy environment and architectural aesthetics. This study aims to analyze the effects of using fish ponds in tall buildings in Indonesia from various perspectives, including environmental, health and economic. This research uses a literature review method by collecting data from various relevant sources. The analysis results show that fish ponds in tall buildings can provide significant benefits, such as improving air quality, reducing stress, and increasing property value. However, there are also challenges to consider, such as treatment costs and potential health problems
Inovasi Pupuk Organik untuk Pertanian Ramah Lingkungan
Authors: Gulo Aguswita , Lawolo Asdian Julianti , Zebua Oscar Zemen , Laoli Desepi Aferianus , Lase Natalia Kristiani
Published: January 2025

Environmentally friendly agriculture is a sustainable approach to reducing negative impacts on ecosystems. The use of organic fertilizers is a key solution to achieving this goal. Organic fertilizers not only enhance soil fertility naturally but also help reduce the use of synthetic chemicals that can harm the environment. This study aims to examine innovations in the production and use of organic fertilizers to improve efficiency and support sustainable agriculture. The findings indicate that modern technologies, such as microbial bioactivators and biochar, can enhance the quality of organic fertilizers, positively impacting plant productivity and environmental conservation. With proper innovations, organic fertilizers can become an optimal solution for future sustainable agriculture.
Aplikasi Model Fisika Tanah untuk Prediksi Pergerakan Air dan Nutrisi pada Sistem Pertanian Modern
Authors: Lase Edwin Kaskar Jaya , Ndruru Eka Julianti
Published: January 2025

This research aims to develop a soil physics model to predict the movement of water and nutrients in modern agricultural systems. This model includes water flow modeling using the Richards equation as well as nutrient distribution using an advection-dispersion approach. Soil data was obtained through direct measurements in the field and laboratory tests, while the model was validated using field data to evaluate prediction accuracy. The research results show that soil texture and water capacity greatly influence water flow and nutrient distribution in the soil, with fairly high model accuracy values ​​(R² = 0.89 for water flow and MAE = 0.12 for nutrient distribution). The use of this model provides guidance in more efficient scheduling of irrigation and fertilizer applications, supporting sustainable resource management. These findings show that soil physics models can play an important role in precision agriculture to increase land productivity and maintain environmental sustainability
Beyond Burnout: Recognizing and Remedying Languishing at Work
Authors: Westover Jonathan
Published: January 2025

In today's fast-paced work environment, employees are increasingly facing challenges related to a lack of meaning, purpose, and fulfillment. While burnout has long been recognized as an issue, a new concept known as "languishing" is emerging, highlighting the importance of thriving, not just surviving, at work. This article explores the concept of languishing and its implications for organizational leadership, aiming to raise awareness and provide actionable guidance on cultivating greater well-being, meaning, and engagement throughout an organization. The article delves into recent research on thriving, well-being, and meaning at work, and defines the signs of languishing. It then presents strategies for leaders to address languishing, including fostering autonomy and competency, promoting purpose and meaning, cultivating supportive relationships, assessing engagement and well-being routinely, and providing well-being resources and training for managers. The article concludes by emphasizing the critical role leaders play in shaping cultures where employees are empowered to thrive, not just avoid ill-being.
Advancing PET-Degrading Enzymes through Directed Evolution to Combat Plastic Pollution
Authors: Xu Menghan
Published: January 2025

Plastic pollution poses a significant environmental challenge due to its persistence and widespread distribution. Among various types of plastic, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is especially problematic due to its resistance to natural degradation. PET-degrading enzymes, particularly PETases and cutinases, have emerged as promising solutions for enzymatic plastic recycling. However, their native catalytic efficiency and thermostability are limited. Directed evolution has enabled the development of improved enzyme variants through techniques such as error-prone PCR, DNA shuffling, and saturation mutagenesis. This review highlights recent advances in engineering Cutinase and PETases, focusing on enhancing catalytic efficiency and thermostability for PET plastic degradation by directed evolution. Key engineered variants, including HotPETase and optimized leaf-branch compost cutinase (LCC) mutants, demonstrate significant progress toward sustainable plastic recycling through enzymatic means.
Os desafios tecnológicos e soluções para o desenvolvimento do CCUS
Authors: Nunes Romario de Carvalho
Published: January 2025

CCUS technology increasingly appears capable of meeting expectations related to the transition to the Net-Zero world. However, for CCUS to be successful, one of the most critical steps – monitoring – must be carried out to meet several guidelines. Therefore, the objective of this article is to verify what technological challenges the O&G industry faces in developing CCUS safely and responsibly, reinforcing its market positioning within the scope of ESG. Alternatives, solutions and opportunities will then be proposed to encourage such development. Furthermore, the relevant role of the subsea area in the integrity of CO2 storage facilities will be discussed in light of PL (Law Project) 1,425/2022 – under analysis in the National Congress – and the industry’s challenges in adapting to the PL’s new and future guidelines regulations. The work includes an integrative and systematic literature review and the theoretical references and guidelines that inspired several excerpts of the PL, as the author of this article is one of the formulators of Law Project 1,425/2022. Studies have shown that the entire O&G industry value chain can benefit from the energy transition, including using technologies such as CCUS. However, to achieve the expected results, especially within the scope of ESG, there are still paths to be followed, especially in the subsea area, including the development of monitoring technologies for CO2 storage facilities in the subsea area.
Curriculum Changes in Indonesia: Implementation and its Challenges in Religious Institutions
Authors: Laila ST. Noer Farida , Mufarokah Anissatul , Anwar Heru Saiful , Mudhofar Alwi
Published: January 2025

The rapid transformation of Indonesia's national curriculum from content-based to competency-based frameworks reflects broader global educational trends aimed at fostering interdisciplinary skills and adaptability. However, this transition presents unique challenges for pesantren-based madrasahs, traditional Islamic educational institutions that balance religious education with national academic standards. This study addresses the gap in research on how madrasahs respond to national curriculum changes, focusing on the implementation and challenges faced by Madrasah Tsanawiyah and Madrasah Aliyah Pondok Pesantren Al-Mawaddah in Ponorogo. Adopting a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. Key informants were purposively selected. They included religious leaders (kyai), teachers, alums, and students. Data analysis followed an interactive model consisting of three stages: data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings reveal that while madrasahs implement the national curriculum incrementally, aligning it with traditional Islamic education, they face significant challenges, including increased learning loads, overlapping materials, limited teaching hours, and the dual burden of meeting both national and pesantren-specific evaluation standards. These challenges highlight the tension between maintaining traditional values and adapting to modern educational demands. The study underscores the importance of collaborative policymaking in developing flexible curriculum frameworks and targeted teacher training programs, enabling educators to navigate these complexities. By fostering a process-oriented curriculum that integrates Islamic and general education, pesantren-based madrasahs can better equip graduates with modern competencies while preserving their unique cultural and spiritual identity
The Role of Machine Learning in Enhancing ADS-B Communication Security: A Comprehensive Review
Authors:   Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan, Ahmed Waqas
Published: January 2025

ADS-B in air traffic management (ATM) is among the significant technologies developed to improve airspace proficiency. However, it is linked with some vulnerabilities, such as jamming, spoofing, and data injection attacks, which pose a significant risk to aviation safety. The aim of the current study is to focus on security issues and potential solutions through machine learning (ML) to increase the communication security of ADS-B. The main ML types are supervised, unsupervised, and deep learning models that assist in identifying abnormal behavior of in-flight data, predicting evolving threats, and detecting spoofing attempts. ML techniques assess the historical data and indicate potential system failure and vulnerabilities. A proactive response is possible through real-time deep learning methods to ensure the operational efficiency of the ATM following ADS-B. ML models have scalability issues and computational complexities that indicate the use of mixed methods to increase the identification of security issues, as there can be a larger dataset, and every ML technique cannot process such a larger dataset for real-time threat mitigation. ADS-B security is increased due to collaborative efforts and innovations that can resolve the complicated evolving risks in ATM.
Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices toward Scabies among Hopsotial Outpatients in Jalalabad City, Afghanistan
Authors: Sherzad Abdul Ghafar , Chardiwal Humayun , Imamzai Iqbal Shah , Shinwari Muhibullah , Hadi Saifullah , Nisar Nargis , Ayoubi Arzo , Akbari Sanga
Published: January 2025

Background:  Scabies is widespread skin disease in tropical and subtropical areas and is particularly prevalent in developing regions with low socioeconomic conditions. Scabies can be effectively prevented with proper education. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitude, and practices toward scabies among hospital outpatients in Jalalabad City, Afghanistan.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 442 individuals who visited the adult outpatient departments (OPD) at public and private health facilities for various health services from August 1 to November 15, 2023. A non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to select study participants, and data was collected through structured questionnaires. The data was then analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 27.

Findings: In this study, a total of 442 participants were enrolled; 67.6% of them were male and 32.4% were female. Regarding knowledge, half of the participants had heard about scabies, and more than 70% were aware of its signs and symptoms. The majority of respondents (52%) had a moderate level of knowledge about scabies, while 24% had poor knowledge and 24% had good knowledge. The respondents’ attitudes were generally good and their practices were moderate. The study showed a statistically significant relationship between the knowledge score and demographic variables, such as gender, educational level, and family income.

Conclusion: The study concluded that, overall, participants reported moderate knowledge of scabies. Additionally, the respondent’s knowledge about scabies is somewhat influenced by their demographic factors. Thus, there is a need for enhanced health education, awareness initiatives, and preventive programs to improve community knowledge and support the implementation of effective prevention measures.
Effects on Employee Retention by the Supervisory Support: Role of Career Commitment as a Mediators in Banking Sector Context of Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) Pakistan
Authors: Zafar Abbas  , Noor Ul Ain Ansari  , Muhammad Aqeel  , Syed Ayaz Hussain  , Dr. Hafiz Ghufran Ali Khan  , Muhammad Jahangir Khan
Published: January 2025

The present study aims at analyzing the effect of supervisory support and career commitment on employ retention in banking context of Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan. For the analysis, primary data from 328 respondents was collected. The respondents were selected from 36 different organizations. One-way ANOVA, Correlation regression and Regression analysis was used to check output of the research study. Analysis of the collected data revealed that employee retention is positively affected by supervisory support and mediating role of career commitment. Moreover, social exchange theory has been used in the current study, and the theory has been found that it supports the current study. Findings of the current study may not be overgeneralized as the study is limited to banking sector. The study significantly contributes the role of career commitment in supervisory support in an organization to retain the valuable employees.
Religiousness Moderates Eldercare Burden's Impact on OCB Through Mental Exhaustion
Authors: Fayyaz Ghafoor  , Dr. Osaid Rabie
Published: January 2025

This study examines the detrimental effects of employees' eldercare burden on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), mediated by mental exhaustion. This study discovered that employee personal resources of religiousness significantly moderate and mitigate the impact of eldercare burden on mental exhaustion. A longitudinal study employing a three-wave, multisource design, collected data from 373 employees across education, banking and healthcare sectors in Pakistan. The study's findings indicate a significant negative relationship between employee eldercare burden and OCB. Mediation analysis revealed that employee eldercare burden negatively impacts work outcomes via mental exhaustion. Employee religious beliefs mitigate the adverse effects of eldercare burden on mental exhaustion, demonstrating a weakened relationship among highly religious caregivers. The study identified a moderated mediation model, where religiousness influences the indirect relationship between eldercare burden and work outcomes via mental exhaustion. The research expands on previous studies by examining the specific factors that contribute to the negative impact of eldercare burden on workplace performance, with findings indicating that mental exhaustion are primary mediators of this relationship. This dysfunctional effect of eldercare burden in turn, buffers due to religiousness, acting as shield against the spillover of workplace stress due to mental exhaustion and it promotes behaviors which ultimately promote employee’s performance. The findings of this study are intended to inspire organizational transformation, encouraging proactive strategies that address the eldercare burden, promote religious harmony, and enhance performance outcomes, ultimately contributing to the well-being of employees and the success of the organization.
The Role of Resilience in Predicting Marital Adjustment and Psychological Well-Being among Married People
Authors: Ayesha Sajjad  , Subham Thakur
Published: January 2025

Resilience is the ability to recover from difficult situations. The study examines its relationship with marital adjustment and psychological well-being. To explore the correlation between resilience, marital adjustment, and psychological well-being in married individuals. A purposive sample of 200 married individuals (male and female) was selected. The following instruments were used: Resilience Scale (Damasio et al., 2011), Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale (Ansari, 2010), Burgess Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (Kauseer & Khalid, 2003), and a demographic form. Data were analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation, independent t-tests, and regression analysis. The study found a significant positive correlation between resilience and psychological well-being. Marital adjustment also showed a positive correlation with psychological well-being. However, resilience was negatively correlated with marital adjustment. Independent t-tests showed no significant differences between distinct groups of married individuals. Regression analysis indicated that resilience did not predict marital adjustment but was a significant predictor of psychological well-being. Resilience is a key factor in enhancing psychological well-being but does not predict marital adjustment. This study emphasizes the need for resilience to foster positive perspectives in life. Future research should address the limitations and explore other factors that may influence marital adjustment.
Failure of Judicial Independence is the Failure of Doctrine of Trichotomy in Pakistan
Authors: Muhammad Ashraf Qureshi
Published: January 2025

In Parliamentary form of Government, the independence of judiciary is just a dream, as direct involvement of politicians and other established institutions can be observed in it. The concept of separation of powers given by Montesquieu though based upon logics but cannot be implemented without the principle of check and balance. The notion of term ‘justice’ generally springs the idea of court and notion of term ‘court’ brings about the concept of a ‘Judge’; a neutral, un-biased, upright, honest, a person of integrity presiding the court chair. Judge is a protector of public’s interest and a canon of hope in demise. Appointment of judges is a primary factor which effects the independence and performance of judicial bodies. This appointment should be free from every kind of influence and interference so that the administration of justice is not hindered. Any external influence in the appointment procedure automatically makes the appointed judge slightly biased, which may be due to various factors like fear, favor, and indebtedness. The appointment procedure which the law gave after 18th and 19th amendment may be such that it gives an influence-free effect but practical applicability differs from the provisions in law due to some prevalent informal practices. The recent 26th amendment has paved way to more interference from the executive branch in the appointment procedure, resulting in curtailed independence of judiciary. A scrutinized and transparent system of appointment based on merit and certain legislative reforms needs to be introduced and implemented in the society to foster justice system and ensure independence of judiciary.
The Relationship between Family Dynamics, Social Support and Substance Abuse on the development of Codependency in Young Adults
Authors: Azeem Ali  , Mehwish Ashraf  , Tayiba Rasheed  , Rashid Hameed
Published: January 2025

This study examines the relationship between family dynamics, social support, substance abuse, and their collective on codependency, mental health, and personal growth in young adults. A sample of 150 participants provided valuable insights through quantitative measures. The results revealed a significant positive correlation between family dynamics and codependency, indicating that individuals exposed to more complex family dynamics are prone to heightened codependent behaviors (p < 0.05), Conversely, a negative correlation is observed between social support and codependency, emphasizing the protective role of strong social networks against codependency development. The study also uncovers a positive correlation between substance abuse and codependency, underscoring the interconnected challenges faced by individuals grappling with both issues. Moreover, for analysis using the SPSS 26.0 version crucial. The Research contribute to a broader discourse on mental health and personal growth, providing a foundation for more targeted interventions and support systems for young adults navigating the complexities of codependency.
Challenges and Psychological Influences in Teaching English as a Medium of Instruction in Pakistani Institutions
Authors: Muhammad Ramzan  , Dr. Huma Akram  , Dr. Zartashia kynat Javaid
Published: January 2025

Teachers in Pakistan are having a tough time using English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) to teach in ESL classrooms and psychological influence that handicapped them in potential learning outcome. Given these issues, this study explores the reasons of their perceived challenges. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with teachers to gain insights into the difficulties they face. First, the Linguistic barriers, such as English as second language (ESL) learners don't know English well enough. It's hard for them to understand & take part in class. Teachers have to make things simpler & change how they teach. Second, Pedagogical adjustments, where teachers use more pictures & hands-on stuff. This means more work for them. They're trying to teach both the subject & English at the same time. Lastly lack of institutional support signifies that teachers don't get enough training or the right tools to teach in English. To fix this issues, it is needed to help students get better at English performance. In addition, teachers should be given special training. Finally, it should be made sure that teachers have the right stuff to teach in English. These support mechanisms are crucial for improving the effectiveness of EMI in Pakistani classrooms. The study concludes that without addressing these challenges and eradicating psychological barriers the success of EMI in Pakistan will remain limited, as teachers continue to face the dual burden of teaching both content and language without sufficient institutional backing. Recommendations for future research include exploring student-centered approaches to EMI and investigating the role of professional development in enhancing teacher preparedness.
Exploring Socio-Cultural Determinants of Female Suicides: A Qualitative Study of Gahkuch, Gilgit-Baltistan
Authors: Nadia Abbas  , Wazir Barkat Ali  , Qandeel  , Sadia Gull  , Seema Begum
Published: January 2025

This qualitative ethnographic study investigates the socio-cultural determinants of female suicides in Gahkuch, District Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan, where alarming rates of such incidents have been reported. The research aims to uncover the perceptions of the community, and affected families regarding the underlying causes of female suicides, while exploring the broader socio-cultural and psychological contexts. Data were collected through purposive sampling, employing in-depth interviews with diverse participants, including relatives of victims, community members, land alongside direct observations. Thematic analysis of the data reveals that patriarchal norms, restricted decision-making autonomy for women, domestic violence, forced marriages, and societal rejection of personal choices are pivotal factors driving women toward suicide. Additional determinants include the unavailability of ideal life partners, marital conflicts, societal pressure to conform to traditional roles, and the stigma attached to non-conventional behavior, such as pursuing love marriages or modern lifestyles. The study also identifies cases of honor killings misrepresented as suicides due to societal taboos around disclosing the true causes of death. Psychological stressors, compounded by inadequate acknowledgment of women’s contributions to households and society, were found to exacerbate vulnerabilities. Unique local factors, such as the misuse of technology, excessive salt consumption linked to aggressive behavior, and limited mental health support, were also highlighted as contributing elements. The study concludes that Gahkuch’s traditional and patriarchal social structure, despite progress in education and empowerment, perpetuates systemic inequalities and cultural restrictions that leave women vulnerable. To address these issues, the research emphasizes the need for societal reforms, enhanced religious and mental health awareness, and initiatives promoting gender equality and female empowerment. It further advocates for targeted interventions, including community-based awareness campaigns, institutional mechanisms for addressing domestic violence, and the inclusion of women in decision-making processes, to mitigate the factors leading to female suicides and create a more inclusive and supportive environment for women in the region.
İslam Mezhepleri Tarihçisi Olarak Mustafa Öz ve Bilim Anlayışı
Authors: Cankurt Şehmus
Published: January 2025

Osmanlı Devleti’nin son yılları ile Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin ilk yıllarından günümüze kadar birçok bilim insanı yetişmiştir. Bu önemli bilim insanların isimleri duyulmasına rağmen haklarında teferruâtlı bir bilgiye sahip olunamamıştır. Mustafa Öz de bu zikredilen dönemlerde iyi bir eğitim görmüş, hayatının bir bölümünü kamuda öğretmenlik, öğretim üyeliği yaparak geçirmiş kendi alanı ile alakalı birçok eser vermiş, bilimsel çeviriler ve özgün araştırmalar yapmış, İslam Mezhepler Tarihi alanının gelişmesine, güçlenmesine çok ciddi katkıları olmuş bir bilim adamıdır. Bu çalışma diyalog, bir takım yazılı eserlerin analizi ve Mustafa Öz’ü yakından tanıyan öğrenci, yakın arkadaşlar, dost ve çalışma arkadaşlarıyla yapılan görüşmelerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın kapsamı, İslam Mezhepler Tarihinin başlangıçtan günümüze kısa tarihçesi, Mustafa Öz’ün hayatı, eserleri, eğitim-öğretim faaliyetleri, fikri hareketleri, metodu, mezhepler tarihindeki yeri, mezhepler tarihi ile alakalı çalışmalarının özet olarak tanıtılması ve eserlerinden hareketle mezheplere dair görüşlerinin sunulması ile sınırlandırılmıştır.rnAnahtar Kelimeler: İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi, Mustafa Öz, Bilim Anlayışı.rn-----------------------------------rnFrom the last years of the Ottoman Empire and the first years of the Republican Era to the present day, many scientists have been trained. Although the names of these important scientists have been heard, there is no detailed information about them. Mustafa Öz is a scientist who received a good education in these periods, spent part of his life as a teacher and lecturer in the public sector, published many works in his field, made scientific translations and original researches, and made serious contributions to the development and strengthening of the Department of History of Islamic Sects. It is thought that it is important to recognize Mustafa Öz, who served the History of Islamic Sects with his scientific and theoretical studies and trained many students and academicians, closely. The scope of the study is limited to the brief history of the History of Islamic Sects from the beginning to the present day, Mustafa Öz's life, works, educational activities, intellectual movements, method, place in the history of sects, brief introduction of his works related to the history of sects and presentation of his views on sects based on his worksrnKeywords: History of Islamic Sects, Mustafa Öz, Science Understanding.
Mîrzâ Mahdûm ve Şiîlik Eleştirisi
Authors: Cankurt Şehmus
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmada Mîrzâ Mahdûm’un Şîa ve onun özelinde İmâmiyye Şîası’na yaptığı eleştiriler ele alınmıştır. Bunun yanında Osmanlı ve Safevî Devletleri arasındaki büyük değişimleri, Safevîlerden göç edip Osmanlı’ya sığınan bir âlimin hayatını, eserlerini, İslâm Mezhepleri Tarihine katkılarını, dönemin mezhep çatışmalarını, kargaşa ve yaşanan olayları, büyük savaşları, siyasi ilişkileri ve özellikle Şîa’nın ana gövdesi olan İmâmiyye’nin eleştirisini konu edinmiştir. Ayrıca Kitabu’n-Nevâkid li-Zuhûri’r-Ravâfid adlı eserinde müellif, Ehl-i Sünnet ve Şiîlik arasında hangi amaçla, nerede durduğunu, kitabını yazarken ele aldığı konuları ve bu eseri yazmadaki hedefini dile getirmiştir. Müellif, bu eserindeki görüşleriyle araştırmacılara, Ehl-i Sünnet ve Şiîlik arasındaki tercihlerini de inceleme fırsatı vermiştir. Çünkü en-Nevâkid’in yazıldığı dönem, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile Safevî Devleti arasında ciddi çatışmaların olduğu bir dönemdir. Bu bağlamda Mahdûm’un eleştirel düşüncesi, Şîa’yı tenkit yöntemi ve özellikle İmâmiyye Şîası’nı eleştirdiği konular ayrıntılı bir şekilde ortaya konulmuştur.rnAnahtar Kelimeler: Mîrzâ Mahdûm, Şîa, Eleştiri, İslam Mezhepleri Tarihi, Ehl-i Sünnet.rn---------------------rnIn this study, Mīrzā Mahdūm's criticisms of Shī'a and the Imāmiyya Shī'a in particular are discussed. In addition, it deals with the great changes between the Ottoman and Safavid States, the life and works of a scholar who migrated from the Safavids and took refuge in the Ottoman Empire, his contributions to the History of Islamic Sects, the sectarian conflicts of the period, the turmoil and events, the great wars, political relations and especially the criticism of the Imāmiyya, the main body of Shī'a. In addition, in his Kitab al-Nawāqid li-Zuhūri al-Rawāfid, the author has expressed his purpose and position between Ahl al-Sunnah and Shī'ism, the subjects he dealt with while writing his book, and his goal in writing this work. With his views in this work, the author also gave researchers the opportunity to examine his preferences between Ahl al-Sunnah and Shi'ism. Because the period in which al-Nawāqid was written was a time of serious conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Safavid State. In this context, Mahdūm's critical thought, his method of criticizing Shīʿism, and especially the issues he criticized the Imāmiyya Shīʿa are presented in detail.rnKeywords: Mīrzā Mahdūm, Shī'a, Criticism, History of Islamic Sects, Ahl al-Sunnah.
La mémoire comme ressource et enjeu de lutte dans les documentaires syriens de l’après 2011
Authors: APPELT Nicolas
Published: January 2025

Dans la création cinématographique syrienne, essentiellement documentaire, échappant au contrôle du régime, la mémoire occupe une place importante dans la représentation du conflit qui déchire le pays. A partir de trois films documentaires syriens tournés après 2011 – Houses without Doors, 194, nous les enfants du camp et The Taste of Cement –, il s’agira de mettre en perspective comment la mémoire, d’un côté, est mobilisée comme une ressource pour (se) représenter le conflit, y compris après avoir quitté la Syrie, et comment, d’un autre côté, elle constitue un enjeu pour se réapproprier le récit de ce conflit, dans un contexte où le régime cherche à imposer le sien.
Du corps écran à la ville corps
Authors: MAROUN Noha
Published: January 2025

Le corps humain attire et fascine beaucoup de cinéastes arabes, c’est pourquoi il est considéré comme un agglomérat de signes indicateurs et révélateurs de l’instabilité sociale et politique d’une nation. Dans le cinéma libanais, les représentations du corps sont controversées et strictement liées aux thématiques de la guerre. Le corps des hommes se fait donc écran et réceptacle de la violence, il exhibe ses blessures incurables, alors que le corps mouvant des femmes porterait en lui des germes salvateurs ou entrerait en forte corrélation avec le lieu qui détermine sa trajectoire. La ville de Beyrouth émerge alors comme un immense corps en ruines qu’il faudrait reconstruire. Elle est personnifiée par la caméra de certains cinéastes qui témoignent de ses étranges mutations. Comment les différentes configurations du corps humain introduisent-elles des micro-histoires dans la Mémoire collective du Liban ?
Subversion, subjectivité et critique : le corps dans la performance artistique aux Émirats Arabes Unis
Authors: SAILLY Océane
Published: January 2025

Entre 1982 et 1984, Hassan Sharif, artiste formé à Londres et basé à Dubaï, a produit et documenté un ensemble de performances qui sont souvent vues comme inaugurant la pratique de la performance contemporaine aux Émirats Arabes Unis. Dans son sillage, les artistes Mohammed Kazem et Ebstisam Abdulaziz ont développé ce genre artistique et profondément modifié la relation entre l’art et la corporéité. Subversifs, critiques et politiques, ces trois artistes ont fait de leur corps un outil pour défier les standards établis tout en revendiquant leur subjectivité artistique. Sur la base d’une sélection de performances et prenant en compte le contexte socio-culturel de leur réalisation, cet article propose de rendre compte des usages du corps en performance aux Émirats Arabes Unis.
Pays rêvé (2011) de Jihane Chouaib
Authors: KORKMAZ Joseph
Published: January 2025

La réalisatrice et scénariste Jihane Chouaib revient, après une longue absence, à la terre de ses parents qu’elle a quittée durant la guerre. Elle revisite le Liban Sud dont elle est originaire, puis se balade avec sa soeur, adepte de la danse, dans les lieux qui ont marqué son enfance. Ses pérégrinations sont teintées de nostalgie et de souvenirs doux-amers. Elle croise son itinéraire avec celui du dramaturge libano-canadien, Wajdi Moawad, de la réalisatrice et journaliste-photographe, Katia Jarjoura, et du réalisateur franco-libanais, Patric Chiha. Pour tous ces immigrants, le Liban est un pays rêvé que Jihane Chouaib ressuscite par son regard et son commentaire poétique.
Café central
Authors: VAN GLABEKE Joséphine
Published: January 2025

Ecriture blanche imprimée sur une tente en toile rouge vif. Sans oublier l’indication« Beirut » en exergue, histoire de ne pas oublier où l’on se trouve...
Le « cinéma d’auteur » de Palestine : expérimentations, circulations, émancipations
Authors: SLITINE Marion , SCHWARZINGER Charlotte
Published: January 2025

Cet article explore les enjeux du « cinéma d’auteur » de Palestine etentend analyser les contraintes et les opportunités que ce cinéma permet, à traversdeux cas d’études qui interrogent la création cinématographique de réalisateurspalestiniens en exil. Le premier est un long-métrage, Recollection de Kamal Aljafari,un cinéaste de « Palestine de 48 » qui a autoproduit son film ; le second, Dégradéd’Arab et Tarzan Nasser - deux réalisateurs de Gaza - a bénéficié d’une coproductionarabo-européenne. Si ces deux exemples revêtent des caractéristiques biendistinctes, leurs trajectoires comparées permettent de soulever des questionsplus générales liées aux interactions entre création, production et diffusion, ainsiqu’entre formes narratives et productions (co/autoproduction) dans le cinémad’auteur de Palestine. En mettant en avant les choix de production et de diffusion, ils’agit de souligner la problématique de la création du cinéma d’auteur de Palestine.
Du roman Dāt au feuilleton Bint ismaha Zeth ou le traitement de l’Histoire dans une adaptation télévisuelle égyptienne
Authors: AYARI Ramla
Published: January 2025

La question de l’adaptation des oeuvres littéraires à la télévision commence à peine à susciter l’intérêt des chercheurs. En Égypte, chef de file de la production télévisuelle dans le monde arabe, la mise en images des textes littéraires à la télévision a connu un nouveau souffle entre 2011 et 2014.Le feuilleton Bint ʾismaha Zeth réalisé en 2013 par Kamla Abouzekri et Khairy Beshara en est l’éclatante illustration. Adaptée du roman Zeth de l’écrivainSonallah Ibrahim, la fiction télévisée retrace à travers l’histoire de son héroïne, l’Histoire de l’Égypte de 1952 à 2011.
1982, de Oualid Mouannes
Authors: NASSOUR Pamela
Published: January 2025

War is the main element in the Lebanese collective consciousness and memory. Throughout the years, Lebanese citizens fight its residue, which still traumatizes them and define their existence. For artists, the reaction appeared through their work, and in this article, the Lebanese film 1982 by the director Oualid Mouaness will be tackled. This film is to be analyzed through its aesthetics and plot. Mouaness had a story to tell, like any other Lebanese witnessing that era. Thus, his film 1982 is to be added to the long list of Lebanese war films. Yet, what makes it different? In this article we study Mouaness’s chosen aesthetics in representing this national catastrophe, wavering between labeling this film as a children film or a war film. The question is: Under which category of genres does this film fall, and what do Mouaness has to say, in such a post-war film?
Bahiga Hafez on YouTube and Feminist Archives of Egyptian Cinema
Authors: COOLEY Claire
Published: January 2025

Since YouTube’s inception in 2005, scholars of Egyptian cinema have enjoyed access to films in unprecedented ways. Remediated to the digital from a variety of formats – satellite broadcasts, VHS, celluloid – Egyptian films and other parafilmic material are available on YouTube and accessible to nearly everyone. Despite the growing dependence of scholars on YouTube for research on Egyptian cinema, and the possibility of complicating male-centered narratives through its collections, there has been little theoretical consideration of YouTube’s role in their work. In this essay, I draw on the idiosyncratic collection of Bahiga Hafez-related material on YouTube to argue that the site serves as a potential feminist archive for Egyptian cinema. The idiosyncrasies, temporalities, geographic specificities, and conflicts over ownership that are characteristic of YouTube, as well as the various users that upload content, preclude any myths that YouTube as an archive is complete, stable, and neutral. Rather than encouraging authoritative claims about Bahiga Hafez and other Egyptian female cinema pioneers, YouTube as a potentially feminist archive of Egyptian cinema helps us think of alternative cinematic futures.
Iraqi Cinema Beyond the Screen and the Archives of Leisure
Authors: OLSEN Pelle Valentin
Published: January 2025

The emergence of new forms of leisure in Iraqi urban landscapes, such as cinemas, nightclubs, and theaters, unleashed debates about the dangers and potentials of leisure. The result of this process is a vast, albeit scattered, archive of texts that deal with practices and institutions of leisure. The archive of leisure, as it pertains to cinema, can be located across a variety of texts including memoirs, short stories, student essays, police records, official discourse, medical texts, and works by Iraqi historians. Given the limited access to Iraqi film and cinema archives, the archive of leisure can offer an important addendum and a supplementary history of Iraqi cinema and cinemagoing. This article offers a new way to retrieve and think about cinematic pasts by examining different archives of leisure. Using these archives, it provides examples of how cinemagoing became a battleground for competing visions of class, morality, gender relations, and politics in early and mid twentieth century Iraq.
Whither the Spiritual? Rethinking Secularism’s Legacy in post-Ottoman Art
Authors: FELDMAN Hannah , SCHEID Kirsten
Published: January 2025

This dossier seeks to pinpoint hazards emerging on the globally redrawn map of art and culture. It was conceived to expose and navigate the mines laid when the ostensibly methodologically secular discourse of art history turns to art made outside Euro-American cultural centers and thought to be out of sync with Euro-American modernity. As commonly approached, the pinnacle of that modernity indexes a period roughly coincident with what one of us has referred to as the “decades of decolonization” to avoid reaffirming the Eurocentrism inherent to terming the period ‘post-war’. Spatially, our map focuses on territories that labored (and are still laboring) to decolonize from European interventions. Simultaneously, the populations on this map have rebuilt lives and networks in the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate, and, amidst administration by new military-economic-religious complexes. An anecdote from a conference in which one of us participated in the weeks prior to this dossier’s finalization testifies to the timeliness, if not urgency, of our project...
Liberating “Khatt” from Calligraphy: Samir Sayegh on art, religion and spirituality
Authors: SCHEID Kirsten , SHOUCAIR Hala , BARAKAT Saleh , SAYEGH Samir
Published: January 2025

Kirsten Scheid, Hala Schoukair, and Saleh Barakat converse with Samir Sayegh on Art, Calligraphy/Khatt, and “That which can neither be written nor said.”
Quel avenir pour le théâtre dans le monde arabe ? Pratiques, formes et perspectives de la pérennisation du courant théâtral dans le monde arabe
Authors: NAKHLE-CERRUTI Najla
Published: January 2025

Quel avenir pour le théâtre arabe ? En posant cette vaste question qui a guidé la réflexion collective présentée dans ce dossier thématique, nous avons souhaité interroger les effets de durabilité et les procédés qui participent à la pérennisation du mouvement théâtral dans le monde arabe. Dans ce contexte, les contraintes, nombreuses et de natures diverses, s’ajoutent à la dimension éphémère du genre théâtral. Il se construit en effet sur sa propre mise en péril puisqu’il n’existe que dans la fugacité du moment de la représentation, lorsque les comédiens sur scène et le public dans la salle sont réunis.
Coopérer pour exister : les collaborations théâtrales avec l’Europe ou l’impérative stratégie des théâtres en Palestine
Authors: CHABRAT-KAJDAN Astrid
Published: January 2025

Depuis les Accords d’Oslo en 1993, les collaborations théâtrales entre artistes européens et artistes palestiniens se multiplient. Elles jouent un rôle dans le développement des théâtres situés à Jérusalem et dans les Territoires palestiniens. Dans cet article, nous étudions leurs formes et leurs manifestations.Les collaborations s’étendent des workshops, qui consistent en des ateliers à dominante technique, aux cocréations qui impliquent une équipe en partie européenne et en partie palestinienne. Par l’analyse des formes de collaboration, cet article interroge la mesure dans laquelle elles participent des enjeux du théâtre palestinien professionnel comme la pérennisation des institutions en Palestine, la visibilité des artistes palestiniens et l’inscription de leurs œuvres dans le champ du spectacle vivant international.
La mort par les yeux
Authors: ABI AZAR Omar
Published: January 2025

Omar Abi Azar témoigne de la naissance et du cheminement de la compagnie de théâtre Zoukak. Il met en relation le parcours de ses membres et de ses créations avec les crises et impasses historiques du Liban d’une part, et avec les conditions de production imposées par les fonds européens et la réception des pièces en Occident, d’autre part.
Soundtracks of Our Lives: Music-Making and Musicians in MENA Cinema
Authors: CHAUDHURI Shohini
Published: January 2025

This introduction to the special issue, “Soundtracks of Our Lives: Music-Making and Musicians in MENA Cinema”, outlines some of the reasons for lack of detailed consideration given to music in research on films from the region. It highlights the intervention that this special issue makes, offering a brief review of the existing scholarship on which it builds and seeks to fill gaps. Finally, it introduces the articles that form the body of the special issue.
Éditorial
Authors: KORKMAZ Joseph
Published: January 2025

Le cinéma libanais s’illustre par son dynamisme manifeste dans le nombre de films tournés. Des comédies légères épinglent quelques caractéristiques et tares de la société et des mœurs libanaises. Des feuilletons télévisuels engourdissent une frange importante de la population avide de romantisme et d’aventures rocambolesques. De ce lot de production émergent des œuvres qui méritent considération et encouragement, surtout quand il s’agit de premiers films.
فسيفولد إيميلوفيتش مايرخولد العبقري المشاغب
Authors: JABRE Michel
Published: January 2025

Meyerhold, dubbed “the people’s artist” by the Soviet regime, had a very tumultuous artistic life and made some provocative experiments in an unconventional theatre setting. After cofounding the company Moscow Art Theatre with some well-known colleagues as Stanislavski and Danchenko, he left it, wanting to recover his independence as an actor and stage director. He elaborates his theoretical idea of the "conditional theatre", reconsidering classical plays in an innovative way and rethinking them for the contemporary theatrical context.
مسـرح شـوشـو للأطفال
Authors: AZZAZ Rana
Published: January 2025

The theatre for children is based on imaginative creativity, and is an educational, intellectual, aesthetic tradition that refines the spirit of the child and develops his taste, sense of beauty and transparency. In Lebanon, the plays designed for children grew in professional theatre halls in the late 1960s. The experience of the "Chouchou Children's Theatre" was one of the first experiments, and it was an important one, as it received a great response from the children's audience. In this article, I will study this phenomenon, which arose spontaneously without methodology, with a highlight on the reception factor.
The Centenary of Pediatric Surgery in South Africa (1923-2024)
Authors: Chitnis Milind
Published: January 2025

This article narrates the history of pediatric surgery South Africa over 100 years. The first department was established in 1923 at Johannesburg. Professor Jannie Louw, who did pioneering work, is considered the Father of South African Pediatric Surgery. Subsequently, 9 universities started training programs in pediatric surgery. The South African Association of Pediatric Surgeons and the College of Pediatric Surgeons of South Africa were founded in 1976 and 2010 respectively. Gender disparity that prevailed in apartheid era is slowly rectified and now there are more women pediatric surgeons in South Africa than before. The year 2024 is the centenary year of South African Pediatric Surgery.