bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional chromosome re‐modelling: The integral mechanism of transcription regulation in bacteria
Authors: Rashid Fatema‐Zahra M. , Dame Remus T.
Published: April 2023

Nucleoid‐associated proteins (NAPs) are architectural proteins of the bacterial chromosome and transcription factors that dynamically organise the chromosome and regulate gene expression in response to physicochemical environmental signals. While the architectural and regulatory functions of NAPs have been verified independently, the coupling between these functions in vivo has not been conclusively proven. Here we describe a model NAP – histone‐like nucleoid structuring protein (H‐NS) – as a coupled sensor‐effector that directly regulates gene expression by chromatin re‐modelling in response to physicochemical environmental signals. We outline how H‐NS‐binding partners and post‐translational modifications modulate the role of H‐NS as a transcription factor by influencing its DNA structuring properties. We consolidate our ideas in models of how H‐NS may regulate the expression of the proVWX and hlyCABD operons by chromatin re‐modelling. The interplay between chromosome structure and gene expression may be a common – but, at present, under‐appreciated – concept of transcription regulation in bacteria.
Weyl and two kinds of potential domains
Authors: Crosilla Laura , Linnebo Øystein
Published: April 2023

According to Weyl, “‘inexhaustibility’ is essential to the infinite”. However, he distinguishes two kinds of inexhaustible, or merely potential, domains: those that are “extensionally determinate” and those that are not. This article clarifies Weyl's distinction and explains its enduring logical and philosophical significance. The distinction sheds lights on the contemporary debate about potentialism, which in turn affords a deeper understanding of Weyl.
Seemingly Unrelated Regression Estimation for VAR Models with Explosive Roots*
Authors: Chen Ye , Li Jian , Li Qiyuan
Published: April 2023

For VAR models with common explosive root, the OLS estimator of the autoregressive coefficient matrix is inconsistent (refer to Nielsen, 2009 and Phillips and Magdalinos, 2013). Although Phillips & Magdalinos (2013) proposed using the future observations as the instrumental variable for removing the endogeneity from VAR models, type I error occurs when testing for a common explosive root from the distinct explosive roots before the implementation of IV estimation. Such error creates bias and variance in the estimate and further causes incorrect inference in the structural analysis such as forecast error decomposition (FEVD). Hence, we propose using of seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) estimation for VAR models with explosive roots. Our SUR estimator is consistent in the case of both distinct explosive roots and common explosive root. We also consider models with drift in the system for generalization. Simulations show that the SUR estimate performs better than OLS and IV estimate in the case of both a common explosive root and distinct explosive roots case. In structural FEVD analysis, simulations show that SUR yields a different result from OLS and IV. We demonstrate the use of SUR in FEVD for agricultural commodity markets between 3 July 2010, and 29 January 2011.
The abundance and morphology of human large intestinal goblet and tuft cells during chronic schistosomiasis
Authors: Gologorsky Matthew B. , Mechler Claire M. , Forgó Erna , Charville Gregory W. , Howitt Michael R.
Published: April 2023

Schistosomiasis affects nearly 240 million people in predominately low‐ and middle‐income countries and ranks second in the number of cases and socio‐economic burden among all parasitic diseases. Despite the enormous burden posed by schistosomes, our understanding of how schistosomiasis impacts infected human tissues remains limited. Intestinal schistosomiasis in animal models leads to goblet cell hyperplasia, likely increasing mucus production and reflecting an intestinal type 2 immune response. However, it is unknown whether these same changes occur in schistosome‐infected humans. Using immunofluorescence and light microscopy, we compared the abundance and morphology of goblet cells in patients diagnosed with schistosomiasis to uninfected controls. The mucin‐containing vesicles in goblet cells from schistosome‐infected patients were significantly larger (hypertrophic) than uninfected individuals, although goblet cell hyperplasia was absent in chronic human schistosomiasis. In addition, we examined tuft cells in the large intestinal epithelium of control and schistosome‐infected patients. Tuft cell numbers expand during helminth infection in mice, but these cells have not been characterized in human parasite infections. We found no evidence of tuft cell hyperplasia during human schistosome infection. Thus, our study provides novel insight into schistosome‐associated changes to the intestinal epithelium in humans, suggesting an increase in mucus production by large intestinal goblet cells but relatively minor effects on tuft cell numbers.
Influence of mild cognitive impairment and body mass index on white matter integrity assessed by diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Tinney Emma M. , Loui Psyche , Raine Lauren B. , Hiscox Lucy V. , Delgorio Peyton L. , Kramer Mary K. , Schwarb Hillary , Martens Christopher R. , Kramer Arthur F. , Hillman Charles H. , Johnson Curtis L.
Published: April 2023

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease, is characterized by decreased memory and cognition, which are linked to degenerative changes in the brain. To assess whether white matter (WM) integrity is compromised in MCI, we collected diffusion‐weighted images from 60 healthy older adults (OA) (69.16 ± 0.7) and 20 older adults with amnestic MCI (72.45 ± 1.9). WM integrity differences were examined using Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS). We hypothesized that those with MCI would have diminished WM integrity relative to OA. In a whole‐brain comparison, those with MCI showed higher axial diffusivity in the splenium (SCC) and body of the corpus callosum (BCC), superior corona radiata (SCR), and the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule (RLIC) (p's < .05 TFCE‐corrected). Additionally, significant between‐group connectivity differences were observed using probabilistic tractography between the SCC, chosen from the TBSS results, and forceps major and minor (p‐value's < .05). To further relate a physical health indicator to WM alterations, linear regression showed significant interactions between cognitive status and body mass index (BMI) on diffusivity outcome measures from probabilistic tractography (p‐value‐'s < .05). Additionally, we examined the association between relational memory, BMI, and WM integrity. WM integrity was positively associated with relational memory performance. These findings suggest that these regions may be more sensitive to early markers of neurodegenerative disease and health behaviors, suggesting that modifiable lifestyle factors may affect white matter integrity.
The long and winding road towards the creation of climate clubs: Transatlantic negotiations, potential regulatory models and challenges ahead
Authors: Leonelli Giulia Claudia
Published: April 2023

Proposals for the establishment of plurilateral climate clubs have gained momentum, and both the European Union (EU) and the United States (US) will play a pivotal role in forthcoming negotiations. This article closely examines EU and US proposals to uncover distinctive features in their regulatory approaches and to critically assess different potential models for sectoral climate club arrangements. The article argues that a middle ground could be reached by combining the US policy‐neutral approach with the EU distinctive product‐based focus. A bottom‐up model involving average sectoral carbon intensity reduction targets, product standards and bans could provide an effective and practicable way forward. Recent declarations confirm that the negotiations of the Global Steel and Aluminium Arrangement are focusing on product standards. Nonetheless, several challenges lie ahead. These include the difficult coordination between plurilateral arrangements and the EU carbon border adjustment mechanism, and the US focus on non‐market economies and excess capacity.
Short‐term effects of mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilization in soil microbial communities
Authors: Guan Tongwei , Xu Pei , Yang Han , Liu Ying , Guo Qingyan , Tian Xiaqiong , Peng Zhong
Published: April 2023

Fertilization is a widely used practice to maintain soil fertility. To unravel the rapid response patterns of soil microbial under mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilization treatments, 1‐year fertilization trial was conducted in an intensive greenhouse on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). Higher soil nutrient concentrations and lower soil pH were detected in mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilized soils than in unfertilized soils. Both fertilized soils also showed higher bacterial richness and diversity and lower fungal diversity than unfertilized soils. Compared with the soil without fertilizer application, the soil microflora structure was significantly changed by fertilizer application; however, no differences were detected between both fertilized soils. Both short‐term fertilizations recruited more abundant Proteobacteria and Ascomycota, and a smaller proportion of Acidobacteriota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota. In addition, available phosphorus (AP), was most closely linked to the variations in the structures of soil bacterial and fungal communities. Our findings highlight the significance of the temporal component for fertilization effects, indicating that 1 year of mineral and combined mineral‐organic fertilization only affected the diversity of some bacterial and fungal communities in the soil. Therefore, a moderately longer fertilization year based on this study should be pondered in intensive greenhouse cultivation in the QTP.
El trabajo en argumentación : identificación de argumentos y evaluación con esquemas
Authors: Schumann Javier Andrade Uribe
Published: April 2023

Saber argumentar y plantear puntos de vista claros y defendibles no es solo importante en el ámbito académico, sino también en la cotidianidad. En este sentido, este manual resulta de gran utilidad para quienes buscan trabajar en su argumentación. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el libro está dividido en dos partes para que su lector 1) aprenda a identificar, comprender y evaluar argumentos a través de tres relaciones: lógica-dialéctica, lógica-retórica y dialéctica-retórica; y 2) revise la robustez de los argumentos mediante el recurso de los esquemas y evalúe la eficacia de los argumentos a través del análisis de textos académicos, de periódicos o de revistas. Además, en todo el manual se presentan diferentes tipos de argumentos y sus características en circunstancias de uso diario para que el lector se familiarice con este tema.
Numerical Investigation of Turbopump Bearing Heat Generation in Liquid Methane
Authors: Kakudo Hiromitsu , Takada Satoshi , Hirayama Tomoko
Published: April 2023

Liquid methane is one of the most promising candidates for the next-generation rocket propellant because it has an excellent balance between several propulsion performances such as specific impulse, storability, and structural coefficient. JAXA has developed rocket engine technologies for liquid methane engines. In this paper, we investigate the heat generation characteristics of ball bearings used in liquid methane turbopumps. A usual approach to evaluating a cryogenic ball bearing performance is to conduct experimental testing which costs a lot. This research introduces numerical approaches based on physical mechanisms in rotating ball bearings to clarify the heat generation characteristics. The main factors of the heat generation are friction heat generation and fluid heat generation. The friction heat generation is caused by mechanical friction of bearing elements and calculated based on bearing motion analysis and Hertzian contact theory. The fluid heat generation is caused by the fluid drag force on bearing elements and calculated by computational fluid dynamics analysis. The theoretical model is compared with experimental results, showing an excellent agreement. It is clarified that the dominant factor of the bearing heat generation in liquid methane environment is the friction heat generation on races-balls contact at lower velocity condition while it tends to change to the fluid heat generation due to the bearing elements’ rotational motion at higher velocity condition. In addition, cryogenic bearing characteristics which are clarified by theoretical modeling are discussed.
SHP-1 localization to the activating immune synapse promotes NK cell tolerance in MHC class I deficiency
Authors: Schmied Laurent , Luu Thuy T. , Søndergaard Jonas N. , Hald Sophia H. , Meinke Stephan , Mohammad Dara K. , Singh Sunitha B. , Mayer Corinna , Perinetti Casoni Giovanna , Chrobok Michael , Schlums Heinrich , Rota Giorgia , Truong Hieu M. , Westerberg Lisa S. , Guarda Greta , Alici Evren , Wagner Arnika K. , Kadri Nadir , Bryceson Yenan T. , Saeed Mezida B. , Höglund Petter
Published: April 2023

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize virally infected cells and tumors. NK cell function depends on balanced signaling from activating receptors, recognizing products from tumors or viruses, and inhibitory receptors (such as KIR/Ly49), which recognize major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. KIR/Ly49 signaling preserves tolerance to self but also conveys reactivity toward MHC-I–low target cells in a process known as NK cell education. Here, we found that NK cell tolerance and education were determined by the subcellular localization of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1. In mice lacking MHC-I molecules, uneducated, self-tolerant Ly49A
+
NK cells showed accumulation of SHP-1 in the activating immune synapse, where it colocalized with F-actin and the signaling adaptor protein SLP-76. Education of Ly49A
+
NK cells by the MHC-I molecule H2D
d
led to reduced synaptic accumulation of SHP-1, accompanied by augmented signaling from activating receptors. Education was also linked to reduced transcription of
Ptpn6
, which encodes SHP-1. Moreover, synaptic SHP-1 accumulation was reduced in NK cells carrying the H2D
d
-educated receptor Ly49G2 but not in those carrying the noneducating receptor Ly49I. Colocalization of Ly49A and SHP-1 outside of the synapse was more frequent in educated compared with uneducated NK cells, suggesting a role for Ly49A in preventing synaptic SHP-1 accumulation in NK cell education. Thus, distinct patterning of SHP-1 in the activating NK cell synapse may determine NK cell tolerance.
COVID-19 Serology Data Provide Guidance for Future Deployments of Convalescent Plasma
Authors: Sullivan David , Casadevall Arturo
Published: April 2023

Measurement of antibody content and function after a viral illness is important for diagnosis and selection of the best convalescent plasma (CP) units for passive immunization. Zhang et al. (mBio 14:e03523-22, 2013,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.03523-22
) analyzed over 19,000 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) CP (CCP) samples from the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic and reported a moderately strong correlation between antibody amount and neutralizing titer.
ANT(9)-Ic, a Novel Chromosomally Encoded Aminoglycoside Nucleotidyltransferase from Brucella intermedia
Authors: Sheng Xiusheng , Lu Wei , Li Aifang , Lu Junwan , Song Chunhan , Xu Jiefeng , Dong Youming , Fu Chunqing , Lin Xi , Zhu Mei , Bao Qiyu , Li Kewei
Published: April 2023

The emergence, evolution, and worldwide spread of antibiotic resistance present a significant global public health crisis. For aminoglycoside antibiotics, enzymatic drug modification is the most common mechanism of resistance.
Identification of Fungus-Derived Natural Products as New Antigiardial Scaffolds
Authors: Hulverson Matthew A. , Michaels Samantha A. , Lee Jin Woo , Wendt Karen L. , Tran Linh T. , Choi Ryan , Van Voorhis Wesley C. , Cichewicz Robert H. , Ojo Kayode K.
Published: April 2023

There is a direct link between widespread prevalence of clinical giardiasis and poverty. This may be one of the reasons why giardiasis is a significant contributor to diarrheal morbidity, stunting, and death of children in resource-limited communities around the world.
RNA Encapsulation Mode and Evolutionary Insights from the Crystal Structure of Emaravirus Nucleoprotein
Authors: Izhaki-Tavor Lee S. , Yechezkel Itai G. , Alter Joel , Dessau Moshe
Published: April 2023

Most insect-born viruses circulate within the
Animalia
kingdom, whereas plant-infecting RNA viruses are cross-kingdom pathogens. Many plant-infecting viruses cause devastating crop damage that leads to food security endangerment.
Muons in EASs with E0 = 1019 eV According to Data of the Yakutsk Array
Authors: Glushkov A. V. , Lebedev K. G. , Saburov A. V.
Published: April 2023

Lateral distribution functions of particles in extensive air showers with the energy $${{E}_{0}} \approx {{10}^{{19}}}{\kern 1pt} $$ eV recorded by ground-based and underground scintillation detectors with a threshold of $${{E}_{\mu }}$$$$ \approx {\kern 1pt} 1.0 \times {\text{sec}}{\kern 1pt} \theta $$ GeV at the Yakutsk array during the continuous observations from 1986 to 2016 have been analyzed using events with zenith angles θ ≤ 60°. Experimental functions have been compared to the predictions obtained with the QGSJet-01-d hadron interaction model by applying the CORSIKA code. The entire dataset indicates that cosmic rays consist predominantly of protons.
Evaluating a co-designed care bundle to improve patient safety at discharge from adult and adolescent mental health services (SAFER-MH and SAFER-YMH): protocol for a non-randomised feasibility study
Authors: Tyler Natasha , Angelakis Ioannis , Keers Richard Neil , Planner Claire , Hodkinson Alexander , Giles Sally J , Grundy Andrew , Kapur Navneet , Armitage Chris , Blakeman Tom , Campbell Stephen M , Robinson Catherine , Leather Jessica , Panagioti Maria
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Patients being discharged from inpatient mental wards often describe safety risks in terms of inadequate information sharing and involvement in discharge decisions. Through stakeholder engagement, we co-designed, developed and adapted two versions of a care bundle intervention, the SAFER Mental Health care bundle for adult and youth inpatient mental health settings (SAFER-MH and SAFER-YMH, respectively), that look to address these concerns through the introduction of new or improved processes of care.

Methods and analysis

Two uncontrolled before-and-after feasibility studies, where all participants will receive the intervention. We will examine the feasibility and acceptability of the SAFER-MH in inpatient mental health settings in patients aged 18 years or older who are being discharged and the feasibility and acceptability of the SAFER-YMH intervention in inpatient mental health settings in patients aged between 14 and 18 years who are being discharged. The baseline period and intervention periods are both 6 weeks. SAFER-MH will be implemented in three wards and SAFER-YMH in one or two wards, ideally across different trusts within England. We will use quantitative (eg, questionnaires, completion forms) and qualitative (eg, interviews, process evaluation) methods to assess the acceptability and feasibility of the two versions of the intervention. The findings will inform whether a main effectiveness trial is feasible and, if so, how it should be designed, and how many patients/wards should be included.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was obtained from the National Health Service Cornwall and Plymouth Research Ethics Committee and Surrey Research Ethics Committee (reference: 22/SW/0096 and 22/LO/0404). Research findings will be disseminated with participating sites and shared in various ways to engage different audiences. We will present findings at international and national conferences, and publish in open-access, peer-reviewed journals.
From bedside to bedside: how iterative clinical research influenced the diagnosis and management of pneumonia at the Elvis Presley Trauma Center
Authors: Weinberg Jordan A
Published: April 2023

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a well-acknowledged complication after hospitalization for injury or surgical emergency. The contribution to the literature on this topic by Dr Timothy Fabian and the Memphis group at the Elvis Presley Trauma Center resulted in the contemporary recognition that the diagnosis and management of pneumonia is an essential component of surgical critical care. During three decades, the Memphis group, under Dr Fabian’s leadership, performed numerous clinical studies that led to the publication of over 40 articles concerning the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pneumonia after injury. The purpose of this review is to survey the consecutive studies from Memphis specifically that led to the development of a clinical pathway that has stood the test of time. Examination of the research output during this period provides a case study in how bedside clinical research can inform clinical practice and is a model for applied science in the intensive care unit.
Management of blunt splenic injury: down the rabbit hole and into the bucket
Authors: Savage Stephanie A
Published: April 2023

Management of splenic trauma has changed dramatically over the past 30 years. Many of these advances were driven by the Memphis team under the leadership of Dr. Timothy Fabian. This review article summarizes some of those changes in clinical care, especially related to nonoperative management and angioembolization.
Overview of leadership and research: Timothy C Fabian, MD
Authors: Croce Martin
Published: April 2023

There are a number of leadership styles. A leader can be loud and boisterous, quiet and unassuming, or anywhere in between. Some are like a chameleon and change their style depending on the circumstances. Regardless of style, there are certain traits that must be present for surgeon-leaders to be effective. Some such traits include strategic thinking, team building, effective communication, accountability, setting clear goals, technical expertise, faculty development, and selflessness. These seven traits can be summed up in two words: Tim Fabian. The following sections will hopefully illustrate Dr Fabian’s attributes as they relate to these leadership traits. Some actions will fall under more than one trait.
COMPLEXITY ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY SIGNALS UNDER FATIGUE USING HJORTH PARAMETERS AND BUBBLE ENTROPY
Authors: SASIDHARAN DIVYA , VENUGOPAL G. , SWAMINATHAN RAMAKRISHNAN
Published: April 2023

This work aims to analyze the complexity of surface electromyography (sEMG) signals under muscle fatigue conditions using Hjorth parameters and bubble entropy (BE). Signals are recorded from the biceps brachii muscle of 25 healthy males during dynamic and isometric contraction exercises. These signals are filtered and segmented into 10 equal parts. The first and tenth segments are considered as nonfatigue and fatigue conditions, respectively. Activity, mobility, complexity, and BE features are extracted from both segments and classified using support vector machine (SVM), Naïve bayes (NB), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), and random forest (RF). The results indicate a reduction in signal complexity during fatigue. The parameter activity is found to increase under fatigue for both dynamic and isometric contractions with mean values of 0.35 and 0.22, respectively. It is observed that mobility, complexity, and BE are lowest during fatigue for both contractions. Maximum accuracy of 95.00% is achieved with the kNN and Hjorth parameters for dynamic signals. It is also found that the reduction of signal complexity during fatigue is more significant in dynamic contractions. This study confirms that the extracted features are suitable for analyzing the complex nature of sEMG signals. Hence, the proposed approach can be used for analyzing the complex characteristics of sEMG signals under various myoneural conditions.
On Soft Lebesgue Measure
Authors: Goldar S. , Ray S.
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we introduce the concept of soft intervals, soft ordering and sequences of soft real numbers, and some of their structural properties are studied. The notion of soft Lebesgue measure on the soft real numbers has been introduced. Also, a correspondence relationship has been established between the soft Lebesgue measure and the classical Lebesgue measure. Furthermore, we have studied some exciting results and relations between the soft Lebesgue measure and the Lebesgue measure of soft real sets.
Some remarks on the Erdős Distinct subset sums problem
Authors: Steinerberger Stefan
Published: April 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a set of positive integers, [Formula: see text] denoting the largest element, so that for any two of the [Formula: see text] subsets the sum of all elements is distinct. Erdős asked whether this implies [Formula: see text] for some universal [Formula: see text]. We prove, slightly extending a result of Elkies, that for any [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] with equality if and only if all subset sums are [Formula: see text]-separated. This leads to a new proof of the currently best lower bound [Formula: see text]. The main new insight is that having distinct subset sums and [Formula: see text] small requires the random variable [Formula: see text] to be close to Gaussian in a precise sense.
On squares of Fourier coefficients twist exponential functions with applications
Authors: Zhang Wei
Published: April 2023

Let f be a Hecke–Maass cusp form of weight zero for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be the nth Fourier coefficient. For almost all [Formula: see text] we have [Formula: see text] which improves the result of Acharya [Exponential sums of squares of Fourier coefficients of cusp forms, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Math. Sci. 130 (2020) 24], who showed an upper bound larger than [Formula: see text]

For all [Formula: see text] of type [Formula: see text] we also show that [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] This result relies heavily on a generalized double sum (see Theorem 1.3).
Weighted badly approximable complex vectors and bounded orbits of certain diagonalizable flows
Authors: Sawant Gaurav
Published: April 2023

We show an analog of a theorem of [J. An, A. Ghosh, L. Guan and T. Ly, Bounded orbits of diagonalizable flows on finite volume quotients of products of [Formula: see text], Adv. Math. 354 (2019) 106743] on weighted badly approximable vectors for totally imaginary number fields. We show that for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] a lattice subgroup, the points of [Formula: see text] with bounded orbits under a one-parameter Ad-semisimple subgroup of [Formula: see text] form a hyperplane-absolute-winning set. As an application, we also provide a generalization of a result of [R. Esdahl-Schou and S. Kristensen, On badly approximable complex numbers, Glasgow Math. J. 52 (2010) 349–355] about the set of badly approximable complex numbers.
An explicit comparison of anticyclotomic p-adic L-functions for Hida families
Authors: Kim Chan-Ho , Longo Matteo
Published: April 2023

We provide comparison results for anticyclotomic [Formula: see text]-adic [Formula: see text]-functions attached to Hida families of modular forms. The main result is a comparison between the anticyclotomic restriction of the three variable [Formula: see text]-adic [Formula: see text]-function introduced by Skinner and Urban, and the anticyclotomic [Formula: see text]-function constructed by means of [Formula: see text]-adic families of Gross points in the setting of definite quaternion algebras. Several auxiliary results involving anticyclotomic [Formula: see text]-adic [Formula: see text]-functions introduced by Chida-Hsieh and Büyükboduk–Lei are also proved.
Commutativity of some factor rings arising from additive mappings
Authors: Bouchannafa Karim , Idrissi My Abdallah , Oukhtite Lahcen
Published: April 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to study certain central-valued identities on a factor ring with respect to a prime ideal [Formula: see text] of a ring [Formula: see text] involving some specific mappings of [Formula: see text] In addition, examples are given to demonstrate that the constraints imposed in the assumptions of our theorems are not superfluous.
The Laplace–Stieltjes transform in Hp spaces: An overview
Authors: Castillo René Erlín , Chaparro Héctor Camilo
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we present a coherent and rigorous overview of the Laplace–Stieltjes transform on [Formula: see text] spaces.
Dimensions of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Authors: Fraser Steven , Mancl Dennis
Published: April 2023

This paper reports on the ACM SPLASH 2022 conference panel on the Software Profession Dimensions of DEI [Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion]. The panelists observed that increased awareness for the dimensions of DEI will help reduce inequity in systems and technologies. The panel further observed that there are dimensions of diversity to consider beyond age, color, gender, and physical ability. As technologists, we need to leverage diverse talents and perspectives, including by those who may not have in-depth domain knowledge or a university education specific to computer science or engineering. Panelists included academic researchers and industry practitioners: experts in human-computer interaction, teamwork, AI applications, systems design, and gender diversity issues. The hybrid organization of the panel enabled participants from Taiwan and North America to join the in-room Australian and New Zealand panelists. Panelists explored a variety of related topics, ranging from how software can cause harm to the risks of "unconscious bias" in R&D and the challenges of building diverse teams. Panelists shared observations that AI and ML systems can be negatively impacted by the bias inherent with inadequate or incomplete training data used to tune algorithms. The panel discussed and summarized questions to foster increased DEI awareness by software professionals, researchers, and community leaders.
KomalaandKaṭhora: A Novel Approach Towards Classification of Hindi Poetry
Authors: Singh Niraj Kumar , Naaz Komal , Chakraborty Soubhik
Published: April 2023

Literary compositions are very often analyzed using various constituent units like words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs. Unlike the conventional research that focuses on the aforementioned constituent units, our task is a statistical effort carried out on the most fundamental unit of any literary composition calledvarna, or character, followed by automated classification using learning algorithms. This article is a case study on the Hindi adaptations of two significant literary pieces, namely,Jana-Gaṇa-ManaandVande-Mātaram, and acknowledging that the two songs being studied belong to different classes based on their bhava, i.e., the inherent emotion of the poem. The present task is the first of its kind that uses the concept ofkomalaandkaṭhora varnato establish diversity between the two. The two-proportion Z-test is successfully applied to statistical data pertaining to the candidate songs, thereby reestablishing the theoretical assertions by investigating real pieces of literature. Taking the statistical verification as ground, a learning-based classification system is designed to yield the best accuracy of 85%, which further compliments the theory reestablished statistically.
Asian Americans and the Politics of the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Wong Janelle S. , Ramakrishnan Karthick
Published: April 2023

We begin our review with research related to the racial formation and racial position of Asian Americans. How we define this fast-growing group and how it is situated in the broader racial landscape are critical to understanding its politics. We then turn to research on the history of Asian American civic engagement. These two research areas provide important context for the rest of the review, which covers three additional themes: ( a) political participation; ( b) partisanship, vote choice, and issue orientations; and ( c) political representation. The last section returns to the theme of racial position, including its role in contemporary Asian American activism and its centrality to future research in the field.
The Knowns and Unknowns of Herpesvirus Nuclear Egress
Authors: Klupp Barbara G. , Mettenleiter Thomas C.
Published: April 2023

Nuclear egress of herpesvirus capsids across the intact nuclear envelope is an exceptional vesicle-mediated nucleocytoplasmic translocation resulting in the delivery of herpesvirus capsids into the cytosol. Budding of the (nucleo)capsid at and scission from the inner nuclear membrane (INM) is mediated by the viral nuclear egress complex (NEC) resulting in a transiently enveloped virus particle in the perinuclear space followed by fusion of the primary envelope with the outer nuclear membrane (ONM). The dimeric NEC oligomerizes into a honeycomb-shaped coat underlining the INM to induce membrane curvature and scission. Mutational analyses complemented structural data defining functionally important regions. Questions remain, including where and when the NEC is formed and how membrane curvature is mediated, vesicle formation is regulated, and directionality is secured. The composition of the primary enveloped virion and the machinery mediating fusion of the primary envelope with the ONM is still debated. While NEC-mediated budding apparently follows a highly conserved mechanism, species and/or cell type–specific differences complicate understanding of later steps.
MicroRNA-27a Suppresses the Toxic Action of Mepivacaine on Breast Cancer Cells via Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1-TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2
Authors: Fu WenHong , Hu XiaoLing , Li GengZhang , Liu SongTao
Published: April 2023

Objective. To investigate the toxic effects of microRNA-27a on breast cancer cells through inositol-acquiring enzyme 1-TNF receptor-associated factor 2 inhibition by mepivacaine. Methods. The elevation of miR-27a in MCF-7 of BCC lines was measured, and groups were set up as control, mepivacaine, and elevated groups. Cells from each group were examined for inflammatory progression. Results. Elevated miR-27a in MCF-7 cells was able to distinctly augment the cell advancement (

P
<
0.01

) and decline cell progression (

P
<
0.01

). Meanwhile, miR-27a reduced the content of intracellular inflammatory factors IL-1β (

P
<
0.01

) and IL-6 (

P
<
0.01

), elevated the content of IL-10 (

P
<
0.01

), suppressed levels of cleaved-caspase-3 and p-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) (

P
<
0.01

), and increased Bcl-2/Bax (

P
<
0.01

). Conclusion. Elevated miR-27a in MCF-7 of BCC lineage was effective in reducing the toxic effects of mepivacaine on cells and enhancing cell progression. This mechanism is thought to be related to the activation of the IRE1-TRAF2 signaling pathway in BCC. The findings may provide a theoretical basis for targeted treatment of BC in clinical practice.
Antiplasmodial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Activity of Bridelia micrantha a Cameroonian Medicinal Plant Used for the Treatment of Malaria
Authors: Kevin Tako Djimefo Alex , Cedric Yamssi , Nadia Noumedem Anangmo Christelle , Sidiki Ngouyamsa Nsapkain Aboubakar , Azizi Mounvera Abdel , Guy-Armand Gamago Nkadeu , Sandra Tientcheu Noutong Jemimah , Christian Mbohou Nchetnkou , Géraldine Essangui Same Estelle , Roméo Tankoua-Tchounda , Payne Vincent Khan , Gustave Lehmann Léopold
Published: April 2023

Introduction. Resistance to common antimalarial drugs and persistence of the endemicity of malaria constitute a major public health problem in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antiplasmodial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Bridelia micrantha used by Cameroonian traditional healers for the treatment of malaria. Methods. Aqueous and ethanolic stem bark extracts were prepared according to standard procedures. The SYBR Green method was used for antiplasmodial activity on strains of Plasmodium falciparum sensitive to chloroquine (3D7) and resistant (Dd2). In vitro antioxidant activities of B. micrantha were determined using the scavenging activity of 2,2′‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, ferric reducing power, and hydrogen peroxide as well as their cytotoxicity on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and red blood cells (RBC). Results. The aqueous and ethanol extracts of Bridelia micrantha showed antiplasmodial activity on the 3D7 strain with IC50 of 31.65 ± 0.79 μg/ml and 19.41 ± 2.93 μg/ml, respectively, as well as 37.64 ± 0.77 μg/ml and 36.22 ± 1.04 μg/ml for the Dd2 strain, respectively. The aqueous and ethanol extracts showed free radical scavenging properties. The IC50 aqueous and ethanol extract was approximately 0.0001737 μg/ml, 42.92 μg/ml, 1197 μg/ml, 63.78 μg/ml and 4.617 μg/ml, 429.9 μg/ml, 511 μg/ml, and 69.32 μg/ml for DPPH, NO, H2O2, and FRAP, respectively, which were compared to ascorbic acid (8.610e − 005 μg/ml, 2901 μg/ml, 3237 μg/ml, and 18.57 μg/ml). The aqueous and ethanol extracts of B. micrantha were found to be nontoxic with CC50 values of 950 ± 6.6 μg/ml and 308.3 ± 45.4 μg/ml, respectively. Haemolysis test showed that the two extracts were not toxic. Conclusion. These results suggest that B. micrantha can serve as an antimalarial agent. However, further studies are needed to validate the use of B. micrantha as an antimalarial.
Differential Forms and Cohomology on Weil Bundles
Authors: Mialebama Bouesso Andre S. E. , Lekaka Ndinga Franck R. , Bossoto Basile G. R.
Published: April 2023

Let

M

be a smooth manifold and

A

a Weil algebra. We discuss the differential forms in the Weil bundles

M

A

,
π
,
M

, and we established a link between differential forms in

M

A

and

M

as well as their cohomology. We also discuss the cohomology in.
Histopathological Characterization of a Series of Oral Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Jain Neetu , Raut Toniya , Keshwar Shashi , Shrestha Ashish , Jaisani Mehul Rajesh , Paudel Deepak
Published: April 2023

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare, distinctive, and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) primarily seen in the upper aerodigestive tract with epiglottis, soft palate, and base of the tongue being site of high preference in head and neck region. It differs from conventional SCC histologically and immunologically, is most frequently found in males in their sixth and seventh decades, and is frequently linked to alcohol and tobacco use. High stage disease with distant metastases, a high recurrence rate, and a dismal prognosis is how BSCC typically manifests. In the present article, we report four cases of BSCC.
Immunocytochemistry Profile of Benign Thyroid Nodules Not Responding to Thermal Ablation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bernardi Stella , Taccogna Silvia , D’Angelo Martina , Giudici Fabiola , Mauri Giovanni , Raggiunti Bruno , Tina Doris , Zanconati Fabrizio , Papini Enrico , Negro Roberto
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Thermal ablations (TA) are gaining ground as alternative options to conventional therapies for symptomatic benign thyroid nodules. Little is known about the impact of nodule biology on the outcomes of TA. The aim of our study was to evaluate the baseline immunocytochemistry profile of thyroid nodules that were poorly responsive to TA in order to identify potential predictors of the treatment response. Methods. From a cohort of 406 patients with benign thyroid nodules treated with TA and followed for 5 years, we retrospectively selected two groups of patients: NONRESPONDERS (patients who did not respond to TA and were later surgically treated) and RESPONDERS (patients who responded to TA). The fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) slides obtained before TA were stained for Galectin-3, HBME-1, CK-19, and Ki-67. Results. Benign nodules of NONRESPONDERS (n = 19) did not express CK-19 (

p
=
0.03

), as compared to RESPONDERS (n = 26). We combined the absence of CK-19 and the presence of Ki-67 to obtain a composite biomarker of resistance to TA, which discriminated between likelihood of retreatment and no retreatment with an AUC of 0.68 (95%CI: 0.55-0.81) and a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 29%, 91%, 71%, and 64%, respectively. Conclusion. In benign thyroid nodules, the absence of CK-19 was associated with resistance to TA, while the presence of CK-19 was predictive of response to TA. If confirmed, this finding could provide rapid and inexpensive information about the potential outcome of TA on benign thyroid nodules. In addition, as CK-19 can be expressed in adenomatous hyperplasia, it could be speculated that these nodules, rather than follicular adenomas, might be better candidates for TA.
Enhancing Energy Efficiency of Air-Conditioning Systems in Hot Climates through Refrigerant Vapor Injection: A Study of Kuwait and GCC Countries
Authors: Bahman Ammar M. , Abdal Abdullah
Published: April 2023

This study is aimed at investigating the potential of the refrigerant vapor injection (VI) technique to improve the energy efficiency of air-conditioning (AC) systems in hot climates, with a focus on Kuwait’s sustainability goals for 2035. The VI technique was found to significantly enhance heating and cooling systems by lowering compressor discharge temperature and improving cooling capacity, resulting in an enhanced coefficient of performance (COP). Data from previous experimental studies were analyzed to correlate the VI technique’s cooling COP with operating conditions at high ambient temperatures ranging from 20°C to 52°C. The results showed that the VI technique was applicable at high ambient temperatures, leading to improvements of up to 35.4% compared to conventional cooling systems. Empirical formulas, comprised of the temperature parameters (ambient, wet bulb, condensation, and evaporation temperatures), were developed to predict the COP of the VI cooling cycles with a maximum mean absolute error (MAE) of 3.81%. The results also showed that the VI technique enhanced the cooling COP by up to 28% when operating at 51.7°C and up to 34% during the hottest month in Kuwait (July) compared to the conventional cooling cycle. The empirical correlations were also applied to other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to examine the impact of ambient humidity on cooling COP, with predicted increases ranging from 13.5% to 21.2%. Further experimental studies are recommended to fully evaluate the cooling impact of the VI system in GCC countries.
Effects of Endocrine Metabolic Factors on Hemocyte Parameters, Tumor Markers, and Blood Electrolytes in Patients with Hyperglycemia
Authors: Qin Lin , Chen Yan-Jun , Wang Ting-Hua , Zhang Rong-Ping
Published: April 2023

Objective. This study was designed to investigate the effect of endocrine metabolic factors on hemocyte parameters, tumor markers, and blood electrolytes in patients with hyperglycemia. Methods. In this study, 1791 patients with hyperglycemia were recruited and grouped according to different testing indexes, and their medical records and laboratory indexes were recorded and analyzed. Results. In adult patients with hyperglycemia, we found that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was negatively correlated with white blood cell (WBC) and could exert an effect on WBC; triglyceride (TG) level was positively associated with lymphocyte (LYM#); age, TG, and P affected the level of LYM#; and uric acid (UA) level was positively related to eosinophil (EO#). Besides, age was positively correlated with red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) level; fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum phosphorus (P) were negatively correlated with RDW-CV level; and age, creatinine (Cre), FBG, HDL-C, and P were influencing factors of RDW-CV level in adult hyperglycemic patients. HDL-C was negatively correlated with fibrinogen (Fib) level, and age, HDL-C, serum kalium (K), serum sodium (Na), and body mass index (BMI) were the influencing factors of Fib levels. TG was positively associated with neuron-specific enolase (NSE) level and affected the NSE level. Serum magnesium (Mg) was negatively related to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, and sex, age, FBG, Mg, and BMI could have an effect on CEA level. As well, age and FBG were positively associated with carbohydrate antigen 50 (CA50) levels, UA was negatively correlated with CA50 levels, and age, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), UA, and FBG were the influencing factors of CA50 levels. FBG was negatively related to Mg levels; K, serum zinc (Zn), and fasting C-peptide (C-P) were positively correlated with Mg levels; and FBG, K, Zn, and C-P had an effect on Mg levels. Conclusion. Endocrine metabolic factors are closely related to hemocyte parameters, tumor markers, and blood electrolytes in patients with hyperglycemia.
Existence and Uniqueness of Renormalized Solution to Nonlinear Anisotropic Elliptic Problems with Variable Exponent and

L

1

-Data
Authors: Konaté Ibrahime , Ouédraogo Arouna
Published: April 2023

Nonlinear partial differential equations are considered as an essential tool for describing the behavior of many natural phenomena. The modeling of some phenomena requires to work in Sobolev spaces with constant exponent. But for others, such as electrorheological fluids, the properties of classical spaces are not sufficient to have precision. To overcome this difficulty, we work in the appropriate spaces called Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces with variable exponent. In recent works, researchers are attracted by the study of mathematical problems in the context of variable exponent. This great interest is motivated by their applications in many fields such as elastic mechanics, fluid dynamics, and image restoration. In this paper, we combine the technic of monotone operators in Banach spaces and approximation methods to prove the existence of renormalized solutions of a class of nonlinear anisotropic problem involving

p
⟶

.

−

Leray–Lions operator, a graph, and

L

1

data. In particular, we establish the uniqueness of the solution when the graph data are considered a strictly increasing function.
Impacto de la tecnología de la industria 4.0 en Jóvenes
Authors: Castillo-Vergara Mauricio , Araneda Mauricio
Published: April 2023

La Industria 4.0, que implica una mayor automatización y digitalización de los procesos productivos, está transformando el mundo laboral, lo que puede tener impactos significativos en los jóvenes. Continuar leyendo...
Navegando por un mar de incertidumbre: ¿Quién guía el timón frente a las olas?
Authors: Alves Tiago , Vicuña Matías , Tobar Matías , Núñez Gonzalo , Bravo José
Published: April 2023

En los últimos períodos Chile ha experimentado un máximo histórico en su índice de incertidumbre de política económica, EPU. Sin duda este aumento se debe también al incremento de esta incertidumbre a nivel global, lo cual es natural en una etapa de recuperación postpandemia con aumento en la inflación y las tasas de interés a nivel mundial, expansión de gastos públicos en muchos países y la guerra en Ucrania. Continuar leyendo...
El desafío de la innovación colaborativa
Authors: Geldes Cristian
Published: April 2023

La innovación crecientemente se analiza como un proceso colaborativo, donde participan múltiples actores complementando sus recursos y capacidades. Colaboración que permite mejorar el desempeño innovador y hacer frente a los crecientes desafíos de un entorno complejo, competitivo y dinámico. Sin embargo, en Chile aún necesitamos avanzar en tener esta mirada sistémica y colaborativa de los procesos que llevan a innovar e incorporar nuevas tecnologías, tal como se observa en el caso del desarrollo de la agricultura inteligente y de precisión en el sector lechero de Chile. Continuar leyendo...