bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INDIGENOUS EDUCATION: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN TRAINING SOCIAL WORKERS TO WORK WITH INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
Authors:   Приазовський державний технічний університет, SUROVTSEVA I.
Published: May 2021

The global challenges faced by social workers in multicultural practice are revealed. Social work with indigenous peoples (indigenous social work), which requires professional historical and cultural, anthropological, ethnopolitical and ethnopsychological knowledge, has become especially relevant. In these conditions, the international experience of training specialists to work in an indigenous environment offers the introduction into the educational process at all levels of subjects of history and culture of indigenous peoples, language training of teachers, benefits for admission to universities of indigenous origin. Key words: professional education of social workers, social work, multicultural environment, ethnically sensitive social work, social work with indigenous peoples.
THEORETICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF SPEECH READINESS FOR SCHOOL OF CHILDREN OF SENIOR PRESCHOOL AGE WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS
Authors:   Кам’янець-Подільський національний університет імені Івана Огієнка, BIELOVA O.
Published: May 2021

In scientific work, the theoretical analysis on the problem of studying the speech readiness of preschool children with visual impairments is considered. The purpose of the study is a theoretical study of speech readiness for the schooling of preschool children with visual impairments. Objectives of the studyare: to highlight the theoretical analysis of the scientific literature, both classical and modern research, on the problem of study domestic and foreign scientists who cover the problem of speech readiness of older preschool children with visual impairments; study of the influence of visual impairments on the peculiarities of speech development and speech readiness for school of older preschool children. Research methods in our work are the use of scientific experimental and methodological sources in special pedagogy and psychology. As a result of scientific and theoretical research it was determined that depending on the specifics of disorders visuals (blind − complete lack of visual sensation, with reduced vision − impaired perception of color, light), speech development in children with visual impairments has its own characteristics. This also affects speech readiness for school children with visual impairments. Medical influence, educational and corrective work can bring this category of children closer to typical development. It has been established that children with visual impairments (blind and visually impaired) have a specific perception of the world around them. Compensatory capabilities are provided by a preserved analytical system (hearing, tactile sensation, etc.). There is a violation of the substantive, effective correlation with the meaning of the word; communicative speech suffers. Speech readiness for the schooling of each category of children depends on specially selected educational and correctional programs. The basis of speech readiness is considered to be the formation in children of all components of speech phonemic, phonetic, lexical, understanding the meaning of words, enriched vocabulary, grammatical, discursive, socio-cultural, ethno cultural. Key words: speech readiness, children of senior preschool age, visual impairment
A constituição da educação burguesa na consolidação da modernidade
Authors: Gomes Anna Lívia , Ferreira Brettas Anderson Claytom
Published: May 2021

A transição para o que se compreende historicamente como modernidade é um processo ideologicamente assíncrono, enquanto é permeada pelo tensionamento entre valores medievais e burgueses até ao menos o início do século XIX. A consolidação de uma mentalidade e modo de vida burgueses se constrói entre os séculos XIV e XIX, através das permanências e rupturas inerentes ao processo histórico e, sobretudo, por meio do pensamento filosófico que se entrelaça às revoluções relativas a esse contexto. Nesse sentido, a preocupação com a formação de um indivíduo alinhado aos valores burgueses transparece na obra de diversos teóricos, contrapondo-se particularmente à tradição religiosa católica. A educação, para esses pensadores, incorpora cada vez mais a ética do trabalho e as demandas de uma sociedade em transformação. Assim, este artigo investiga o pensamento dos teóricos precursores de um modelo pedagógico burguês, compreendendo suas ideias à luz da conjuntura em que estavam inseridos.
Arte postal: práticas pedagógicas no ambiente virtual
Authors: Toffoli Edna Márcia Duarte , Agreli João Henrique Lodi , Silva Elsieni Coelho da
Published: May 2021

Este artigo, desdobramento de uma pesquisa do Mestrado profissional em Artes da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, apresenta a arte postal como possibilidade de práticas pedagógicas no ambiente virtual. Objetiva refletir sobre as potencialidades da arte postal, em um ensino de arte experienciado em rede, com alunos do primeiro ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública em Minas Gerais. A arte postal caracteriza-se por produzir, enviar, receber e reenviar uma produção artística por meio de correios e redes de contatos sociais via internet. Essa experiência coloca os participantes em um sistema dinâmico e de alternância, como espectadores, propositores, produtores e receptores. A experiência pedagógica vivenciada a partir da estrutura de funcionamento e história da arte postal com a participação de professores, artistas e alunos, apresentou-se como meio enriquecedor na mediação e compreensão de conhecimentos em arte. Apontou ainda para a importância de metodologias compartilhadas em produções visuais, como prática motivacional no ensino em artes.
The functional analysis of the N400 component: lexical access, integration or can we have it both ways?
Authors: Soto Marije , França Aniela Improta
Published: May 2021

In this study, we provide a functional analysis of the N400 component. This is a much replicated neurophysiological response which occurs 400ms after the onset of stimuli. This response is said to reflect the degree to which preceding context (sentences or priming words) predicts an upcoming word, and thus affects its processing. Competing hypotheses claim that cognitive operations underlying N400 effects are either lexical access or integration of the word in the preceding context. Lau et al. (2006) compared N400 effects in priming pairs and sentential contexts, and found quantitative differences, but no qualitative differences. This led them to conclude that lexical access is the underlying operation reflected in N400 effects in both cases. We challenge that conclusion by showing that structure mediates relations between words, even when not in a sentential content.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------A ANÁLISE FUNCIONAL DO COMPONENTE N400: ACESSO LEXICAL, INTEGRAÇÃO OU OS DOIS?Neste estudo, contribuímos para a análise funcional do componente N400, uma resposta neurofisiológica já muito descrita que ocorre aos 400 ms após o início de estímulos. Essa resposta é dita, refletindo o grau em que o contexto precedente (sentenças ou palavras primárias) prediz uma palavra futura e, portanto, afeta seu processamento. Hipóteses concorrentes afirmam que as operações cognitivas subjacentes aos efeitos do N400 são o acesso lexical ou a integração da palavra no contexto anterior. Lau et al. (2006) compararam os efeitos do N400 em pares de priming e contextos sentenciais e encontraram diferenças quantitativas, mas não diferenças qualitativas. Isso os levou a concluir que o acesso lexical é a operação subjacente refletida nos efeitos do N400 em ambos os casos. Desafiamos essa conclusão mostrando que a estrutura media as relações entre as palavras, mesmo quando não em um conteúdo sentencial.
Rural (land) community as an element of intangible cultural heritage: historical retrospection
Authors: Kalinichenko V. V.
Published: May 2021

The historical development of the traditional peasant institute of self­government of the rural (land) community is studied, it was proved that it can be considered a manifestation of intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine.
The purpose of the paper is to explore the historical development of the peasant land, self­governing, social institution — rural (land) community; prove that the rural (land) community can be considered a manifestation of intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine.
Research methodology. The methodological basis of the study are the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity of scientific analysis and synthesis. The objectivity in the study is evident in identifying potential opportunities for the development of the agricultural sector of the economy. The principle of historicism provides a look at the activities of the rural (land) community as a process that developed in time in the set of historical relationships and interdependences. The study used general science and special historical methods that correspond to historical analysis. Analysis of historiography has determined the use of analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification. Methods of analysis, typology, classification, systematization were used in the study of protocols of the general meeting of land communities, letters and complaints to the authorities.
Results. Rural (land) community has evolved under the influence of both external factors and internal ones, associated with the peculiarities of the development of the peasant “world”. Rural (land) community — a naturally created or historically developed local neighboring socio­economic, political, ideological, domestic association of peasants and their households, created in order to serve and meet their own needs and interests as co­owners of land, pastures, water, etc.; it is social organization of peasant households (individual producers), combining a system of neighboring and family ties, relations, traditions; it is a social organism associated with the traditional form of resettlement, democratic system of governance, self­government and regulation of land, economic, domestic, social and other relationships of its members; it is an element of intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine.
Novelty. For the first time, the rural (land) community is regarded as an element of intangible cultural heritage of Ukraine.
The practical significance. The rural (land) community, as an element of intangible cultural heritage, can become an object of environmental museumification.
“Aesthetic Programming” by Means of Actualized Directing by I. Khrzhanovsky as an Element of Semantic War
Authors: Slotіuk P. V.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the work is to reveal the content and essence of the problem of “aesthetic programming” by means of actualized directing.
The research of methodology is based on general scientific principles and methods that contribute to a comprehensive analysis of this problem.
The result of the study is the substantiation of methods of actualized directing as a means of “aesthetic programming of human behavior”.
The article analyzes the modeling of Sovietness (by reproducing its meanings) by Russian director I. Khrzhanovsky in the series “Dau. Degeneration” and the psychological impact on human behavior by the mean of “aesthetic programming” in the project “Babyn Yar”.
The author draws attention to the manipulative nature of the actualized directing of I. Khrzhanovsky, which, on the one hand, demonstrates avant-garde approaches in drama to the visualization of the past. On the other hand, it is a hidden form of ideological confrontation between the Ukrainian world and the idea of restoring the Russian Empire and absorbing the entire post­Soviet space, including the countries of the former socialist camp.
These methods not only allow you to more deeply reproduce the images, but also to immerse yourself into the essence of what is happening, to immerse yourself into a new reality that constructs the field of a non­existent virtual world.
Along with this, the pictorial reality generates such an emotional experience that it is difficult to get rid of.
By introducing hostile narratives into the context of the picture, this becomes an element of semantic war.
Novelty. The novelty of the research is in the generalization and disclosure of the content of methods and creative approaches of I. Khrzhanovsky, used by him during the work on the film “Dau. Degeneration” and the project “Babyn Yar”.
The practical significance of the research lies in explaining and distinguishing methods of actualized directing from the general content of I. Khrzhanovsky’s works and in how they are used in the process of “aesthetic programming” in order to assert psychological influence over the mass consciousness of citizens.
Verbal Texts of Composers as a Prerequisite For Musicological Research of the Style Phenomenon of “New Simplicity”
Authors: Ovsiannikova-Trel О. A.
Published: May 2021

The aim of the article is to determine the theoretical value of verbal composer’s texts for musical research of the style phenomenon of “new simplicity” as an actual direction of composer’s practice at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries.

The research methodology lies in the complex use of the musical-historical and cultural approach to the musical art of our time and individual composer’s styles, the systemic, structural-functional method and comparative studies in the study of verbal composer’s texts.

Results. The main place of development of the composer’s reflections on the ideological-philo-sophical, artistic-aesthetic and linguistic-stylistic features of the “new simplicity” is the space of chamber communication (numerous interviews and conversations that exist both orally and in writing), which captures immediacy of the author’s statement and preserves its vivid intonation. Exceptional cases of the existence of the author’s voice in “large form” are represented by the verbal work of V. Martynov — the author of famous studies of modern music, which were understood as conceptual principles of composition in modern music culture in a broad semantic context that arises at the intersection of musicology, sociology and philosophy. In each of these areas of composer’s verbal self-representation we can find thoughts and concepts that are directly related to the phenomenon of “new simplicity”, the meaning of which is built as a result of deep personal understanding of the essence of musical art by each composer.

Scientific novelty refers to the theoretical development of the style concept of “new simplicity” on the material of verbal composer’s discourse as a premise of musicological research.

The practical significance lies in the use of research materials in special courses in musical-historical and musical-theoretical disciplines in higher educational institutions, as well as in musical performing practice.
Battlegrounds of dependence
Authors: Martin Keir , Wig Ståle , Yanagisako Sylvia
Published: May 2021

Interdependence is a fundamental characteristic of human existence. The way in which certain dependencies are acknowledged as opposed to those that are hidden, or the ways in which some are validated while others are denigrated, is central to how social inequalities are reproduced and recreated. In this introduction we explore how particular dependencies are categorized, separated, and made visible or invisible as part of their performative effect. In particular, we explore the distinction between wage labor and kinship as two forms of relatedness that are often separated in terms of the (in)dependence that they are seen to embody. Even though they are practically entangled, their conceptual separation remains important. These conceptual separations are central to how gender difference is imagined and constituted globally.
“I am a dead woman”
Authors: Wardlow Holly
Published: May 2021

HIV/AIDS can be understood as “an epidemic of signification” (Treichler 1987) not only about dangerous sexuality but also about dangerous relations of dependence. I begin by examining newspaper articles and nongovernmental organization reports to show how they pose alarmist questions about AIDS-related dependency, such as who will care for “AIDS orphans” and how will labor deficits be managed. I then turn to the Papua New Guinea context and focus on the experiences of women living with HIV who oft en narrate themselves as embodying state dependencies on foreign aid for their antiretroviral medications. In contrast, they typically resist their kin’s attempts to position them as wayward dependents who should be grateful for being given food and shelter.
In/ter/dependence: An afterword
Authors: Comaroff Jean , Comaroff John
Published: May 2021

Our closing reflection on the collection of articles in this issue argues that the modernist bourgeois figure of the autonomous individual, founded from the first on a Promethean fiction, has long hidden the sorts of dependencies, interdependencies, and intradependencies intrinsic to social life everywhere. This is all the more so in the twenty-first century, under conditions in which the relations between capital and labor, patterns of sociality and social reproduction, and Euromodernity itself are undergoing wide-ranging changes, changes that are deepening the tensile coexistence of human autonomy and entanglement.
Book Reviews
Authors: Mahalel Adi , Rosenberg Shalom , Sasson-Levy Orna
Published: May 2021

Nitzan Lebovic, Zionism and Melancholy: The Short Life of Israel Zarchi (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2019), 186 pp. Hardback, $80.00.

Anat Y. Zanger, Jerusalem in Israeli Cinema: Wanderers, Nomads, and the Walking Dead (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2020), 166 pp. Hardback, $89.95.

Ayelet Harel-Shalev and Shir Daphna-Tekoah, Breaking the Binaries in Security Studies: A Gendered Perspective of Women in Combat (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020), 168 pp. Hardback, $74.00.
Memory Makers of the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Hasselmann Anne E.
Published: May 2021

In the wake of the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941, Soviet museum curators began to establish a museal depiction of the war. This article analyzes these early beginnings of Soviet war commemoration and the curtailing of its surprising heterogeneity in late Stalinism. Historical research has largely ignored the impact of Soviet museum workers (muzeishchiki) on the evolution of Russian war memory. Archival material from the Red Army Museum, now renamed the Central Museum of the Armed Forces, in Moscow and the Belarus Museum of the History of the Great Patriotic War in Minsk documents the unfolding of locally specific war exhibitions which stand in stark contrast to the later homogenized official Soviet war narrative. Yet war memory was not created unilaterally by the curators. Visitors also participated in its making, as the museum guestbooks demonstrate. As “sites of commemoration and learning,” early Soviet war exhibitions reveal the agency of the muzeishchiki and the involvement of the visitors in the “small events” of memory creation.
“Historical Falsification” as a Master Trope in the Official Discourse on History Education in Putin’s Russia
Authors: Fedor Julie
Published: May 2021

This article explores a key claim underpinning Russian official memory politics, namely, the notion that Russia’s past (and especially the role it played in the Second World War) is the object of a campaign of “historical falsification” aimed at, among other things, undermining Russian sovereignty, especially by distorting young people’s historical consciousness. Although “historical falsification” is an important keyword in the Kremlin’s discourse, it has received little scholarly attention. Via an analysis of official rhetoric and methodological literature aimed at history teachers, I investigate the ideological functions performed by the concept of “historical falsification.” I show how it serves to reinforce a conspiratorial vision of Russia as a nation under siege, while simultaneously justifying the drive toward greater state control over history education.
Language Domains: The Sociolinguistic Significance of Pashto-English Hybridization
Authors: Ahmad Nisar , Iqbal Liaqat , Ullah Irfan
Published: May 2021

Domains divide language according to the particular context of its use. Concerning different contexts of research, the domain varies. The purpose of the present research is to explore the sociolinguistic significance of Pashto-English hybridization in the language domains. To explore the area, TV programmes from a Pashto channel Khyber News were selected through purposive sampling. As two episodes from each programme were selected, thus a total of ten programmes were taken for analysis that makes about 10 hours of recording. For data analysis, Kachru’s (1978) framework was used. The findings show that according to different domains of language use, the frequency of hybridized words varied. In the domain of Government and Administration and School and Education, mostly words were hybridized, followed by the domain of Economy, Playground and Street, Military and Courts. The findings reveal that domains have sociolinguistic significance that determines the extent to which language is hybridized.
A Narrative of Confrontation and Reconciliation Through Vivid Symbolism: A Study of Mohsin Hamid's Novel the Reluctant Fundamentalist
Authors: Khan Hashim , Umer Muhammad , Saleem Amjad
Published: May 2021

This study examined The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid, a response to American position on 9/11. The author's 'research back' and 'counter history' literary technique was explored to analyze it as a fiction of confrontation and reconciliation. Both the elements have been studied with reference to vivid symbolism of the characters, names, situations, texts and references. The novel is a bold encounter with American political narrative and military response. Out of a huge volume of post-9/11 fiction, The Reluctant Fundamentalist stands out as a part of counter narrative literature. This study reveals its position as a fiction which puts forth a balanced approach. The novel, despite displaying the element of confrontation, presents the gesture of reconciliation. It does not incite for war; it invites for political, cultural and socioeconomic engagement. It stipulates the need for Pakistan and the Muslim world to minimize their gulf of mistrust and misunderstanding with America.
Gwadar Opening and its Manipulative Intertextual Portrayal in the English Newspaper Editorials of Pakistan
Authors: Siddiq Sadia , Uzair Muhammad
Published: May 2021

Unnoticeable maneuverings via the practice of intertextual capitals do snip their existence in the editorials, which ordinary readers may well discover difficult to locate. The picture turns out to be additionally complicated when associated with nationwide affairs of vast magnitude. To bound the expected manipulation of the informative plans given to the readers through the editorials, the current qualitative study mounted to scrutinize editorials of two leading Pakistani English newspapers wherein the researcher situated and inspected the occurrences of tricky usage of intertextual capitals applying appraisal analysis at the core of text analysis within Fairclough's three-dimensional model. The outcomes of intertextual study reveal significant and devious use of intertextual strategies and instruments by the newspapers to support and propagate their particular ideologies and plans
Exploring Perceived Barriers in Career Planning And Counseling Among Students
Authors: Shuja ul Islam  , Noor Shahida , Malik Haider Ali
Published: May 2021

Career planning is an intensive process that is directed towards the achievement of career goals. One needs to have a career direction to move forward, along with a passion for that career. People desire to achieve professional goals through career planning and seeking counselling at various stages. This research explores the understanding of career planning and counselling among the students and identifies the factors playing a critical role in the career choice of an individual. It also focuses on hurdles faced during the process and the ways to address those issues. The results suggest that factors affecting career planning are environment-based. The hurdles that students come across are also aligned with that. Therefore to strengthen the ability of individuals to have better career planning, career counselling is required to tone up the thoughts of students and make them productive human resource for the country. The practical implications and prospects are discussed.
A Study of Student Teachers' Motivation, Expectations, Issues and Satisfaction on the Recently Reformed Teacher Education Program in Public Sector Universities and Colleges in Pakistan
Authors: Kamal ud Din  , Javed Fareeha , Altaf Fasiha
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to explore studentteachers perceptions of their motivation, present concerns, expectations and satisfaction with various aspects of the recently developed teacher education program of ADE and B.Ed Hons. in public sector universities in Pakistan. The study employed a qualitative interpretive approach. A semi-structured interview was carried out with 150 prospective teachers. A thematic analysis of the interview data revealed that the participants' perceived social status, that teaching being the most respectable job, was the most described motivational factor. Lack of information and ambiguous rules and regulation on the nature and status of the ADE and B.Ed. Hons program were the key sources of their present concerns. The participants' perceptions showed a significant improvement in overall teaching quality, while teacher cooperation and commitment were the areas of dissatisfaction.
The Impact of Merger and Acquisition on Bank Performance: A Case of Pakistani Banking Sector
Authors: Muttalib  , Malik Muhammad Faizan , khan Shehzad
Published: May 2021

Merger and acquisition is the strategy used by banks to expand its development process. In the current study operating and market performance has been assessed of the Banks exercised the M&A by taking the data from 2005-17. The main focus of the study is to evaluate the Banks performance using data collected from nine banks gone through the merger and acquisition strategy with the help of ordinary least square model. The results show significant relationship operating performance but insignificant relation with market performance. Findings provided an opportunity for the Banks to study and utilize the M&A strategy for capturing market share and further development in the competitive market. Furthermore, a glimpse for potential investors has been provided who want to create a profitable portfolio according to market concentration. The implications demands that proper improvement should be considered for the mechanism and regulatory policies to ensure the security of Banks.
Intertextual Inscription of Diasporic Identity in Ondaatje's The English Patient
Authors: Shafiq Qasim , Hayat Mazhar , Saleem Ali Usman
Published: May 2021

hrough Julia Kristiva's intertextuality, this study explores the diasporic version of identity in Michael Ondaatje's The English Patient - the text that is based on Ondaatje's inspiration from other literary and non-literary texts: Rudyard Kipling's Kim, Herodotus' The History, James Fenimore Cooper's The Last of the Mohicans and the story of Gyges and the Queen. This theoretical inscription locates the source of the expression of the meaning of the text: either the author or the text per se. It argues the intertextual narration of Ondaatje, a Sri Lankan living in Canada, about the fragmented identities of the diasporas in the post-World War II milieu. This intertextual approach highlights the politics working behind the location of the characters, their (dis)placement from/to their origin and their identity in the post-WWII time. The framing of these intertextual discourses helps understand the contexts of diaspora characters as well as diaspora writers.
Are preoperative chlorhexidine gluconate showers associated with a reduction in surgical site infection following craniotomy? A retrospective cohort analysis of 3126 surgical procedures
Authors: Ammanuel Simon G. , Edwards Caleb S. , Chan Andrew K. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Kidane Joseph , Vargas Enrique , D’Souza Sarah , Nichols Amy D. , Sankaran Sujatha , Abla Adib A. , Aghi Manish K. , Chang Edward F. , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , Kunwar Sandeep , Larson Paul S. , Lawton Michael T. , Starr Philip A. , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Berger Mitchel S. , McDermott Michael W.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a complication linked to increased costs and length of hospital stay. Prevention of SSI is important to reduce its burden on individual patients and the healthcare system. The authors aimed to assess the efficacy of preoperative chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) showers on SSI rates following cranial surgery.

METHODS

In November 2013, a preoperative CHG shower protocol was implemented at the authors’ institution. A total of 3126 surgical procedures were analyzed, encompassing a time frame from April 2012 to April 2016. Cohorts before and after implementation of the CHG shower protocol were evaluated for differences in SSI rates.

RESULTS

The overall SSI rate was 0.6%. No significant differences (p = 0.11) were observed between the rate of SSI of the 892 patients in the preimplementation cohort (0.2%) and that of the 2234 patients in the postimplementation cohort (0.8%). Following multivariable analysis, implementation of preoperative CHG showers was not associated with decreased SSI (adjusted OR 2.96, 95% CI 0.67–13.1; p = 0.15).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the largest study, according to sample size, to examine the association between CHG showers and SSI following craniotomy. CHG showers did not significantly alter the risk of SSI after a cranial procedure.
Perioperative prophylactic middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma: a series of 44 cases
Authors: Schwarz Justin , Carnevale Joseph A. , Goldberg Jacob L. , Ramos Alexander D. , Link Thomas W. , Knopman Jared
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a common and challenging pathology to treat due to both the historically high recurrence rate following surgical evacuation and the medical comorbidities inherent in the aging patient population that it primarily affects. Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization has shown promise in the treatment of cSDHs, most convincingly to avoid surgical evacuation in relatively asymptomatic patients. Symptomatic patients requiring surgical evacuation may also benefit from perioperative MMA embolization to prevent cSDH recurrence. The goal of this study was to determine the utility of perioperative MMA embolization for symptomatic cSDH requiring surgical evacuation and to assess if there is a decrease in the cSDH recurrence rate compared to historical recurrence rates following surgical evacuation alone.

METHODS

Symptomatic cSDHs were evacuated using a subdural evacuating port system (SEPS) with 5-mm twist-drill craniostomy in an intensive care unit or by performing a craniotomy in the operating room, using either a small (silver dollar, < 4 cm) or large (≥ 4 cm) craniotomy. MMA embolization was performed perioperatively using angiography, selective catheterization of the MMA, and infusion of polyvinyl particles. Outcomes were assessed clinically and radiographically with interval head CT imaging.

RESULTS

There were 44 symptomatic cSDHs in 41 patients, with 3 patients presenting with bilateral symptomatic cSDH. All cSDHs were evacuated using an SEPS (n = 18), a silver-dollar craniotomy (n = 16), or a large craniotomy (n = 10). Prophylactic MMA embolization was performed successfully in all cSDHs soon after surgical evacuation. There were no deaths and no procedural complications. There was an overall reduction of greater than 50% or resolution of cSDH in 40/44 (90.9%) cases, regardless of the evacuation procedure used. Of the 44 prophylactic cases, there were 2 (4.5%) cases of cSDH recurrence that required repeat surgical evacuation at the 1-year follow-up. These 2 cSDHs were initially evacuated using an SEPS and subsequently required a craniotomy, thereby representing an overall 4.5% recurrence rate of treated cSDH requiring repeat evacuation. Most notably, of the 26 patients who underwent surgical evacuation with a craniotomy followed by MMA embolization, none had cSDH recurrence requiring repeat intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

Perioperative prophylactic MMA embolization in the setting of surgical evacuation, via either craniotomy or SEPS, may help to lower the recurrence rate of cSDH.
Safety of lateral access to the concave side for adult spinal deformity
Authors: Wewel Joshua T. , Ozpinar Alp , Walker Corey T. , Okonkwo David O. , Kanter Adam S. , Uribe Juan S.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) techniques, particularly lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), have become increasingly popular for adult spinal deformity (ASD) correction. Much discussion has been had regarding theoretical and clinical advantages to addressing coronal curvature from the convex versus concave side of the curve. In this study, the authors aimed to broadly evaluate the clinical outcomes of addressing ASD with circumferential MIS (cMIS) techniques while accessing the lumbar coronal curvature from the concave side.

METHODS

A multi-institution, retrospective chart and radiographic review was performed for all ASD patients with at least a 10° curvature, as defined by the Scoliosis Research Society, who underwent cMIS correction. The data collected included convex versus concave access to the coronal curve, durable or sensory femoral nerve injury lasting longer than 6 weeks, vascular injury, visceral injury, and any additional major complication, with at least a 2-year follow-up. Neither health-related quality-of-life metrics nor spinopelvic parameters were included within the scope of this study.

RESULTS

A total of 152 patients with ASD treated with cMIS correction via lateral access were identified and analyzed. Of these, 126 (82.9%) were approached from the concave side and 26 (17.1%) were approached from the convex side. In the concave group, 1 (0.8%) motor and 4 (3.2%) sensory deficit cases remained at 6 weeks after the operation. No vascular, visceral, or catastrophic intraoperative injuries were encountered in the concave group. Of the 26 patients in the convex group, 2 (7.7%) experienced motor deficits lasting longer than 6 weeks and 5 (19.2%) had lower-extremity sensory deficits.

CONCLUSIONS

It has been reported that lateral access to the convex side is associated with similar clinical and radiographic outcomes with fewer complications when compared with access to the concave side. Advantages to approaching the lumbar spine from the concave side include using one incision to access multiple levels, breaking the operative table to assist with curvature correction, easier access to the L4–5 disc space, the ability to release the contracted side, and, often, avoidance of the need to access or traverse the thoracic cavity. This study illustrates the largest reported cohort of concave access for cMIS scoliosis correction; few postoperative sensory and motor deficits were found.
Patient factors that matter in predicting spine surgery outcomes: a machine learning approach
Authors: Finkelstein Joel A. , Stark Roland B. , Lee James , Schwartz Carolyn E.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

There is an increasing recognition of the importance of predictive analytics in spine surgery. This, along with the addition of personalized treatment, can optimize treatment outcomes. The goal of this study was to examine the value of clinical, demographic, expectation, and cognitive appraisal variables in predicting outcomes after surgery.

METHODS

This prospective longitudinal cohort study followed adult patients undergoing spinal decompression and/or fusion surgery for degenerative spinal conditions. The authors focused on predicting the numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain, based on past research finding it to be the most responsive of the spine patient-reported outcomes. Clinical data included type of surgery, adverse events, comorbidities, and use of pain medications. Demographics included age, sex, employment status, education, and smoking status. Data on expectations related to pain relief, ability to do household and exercise/recreational activities without pain, preventing future disability, and sleeping comfort. Appraisal items addressed 22 cognitive processes related to quality of life (QOL). LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) and bootstrapping tested predictors hierarchically to determine effective predictive subsets at approximately 10 months postsurgery, based on data either at baseline (model 1) or at approximately 3 months (model 2).

RESULTS

The sample included 122 patients (mean age 61 years, with 53% being female). For model 1, analysis revealed better outcomes with patients expecting to be able to exercise or do recreational activities, focusing on recent events, and not focusing on how others see them (mean bootstrapped R2 [R2boot] = 0.12). For model 2, better outcomes were predicted by expecting symptom relief, focusing on the positive and on one’s spinal condition (mean R2boot = 0.38). Bootstrapped analyses documented the stability of parameter estimates despite the small sample.

CONCLUSIONS

Nearly 40% of the variance in spine outcomes was accounted for by cognitive factors, after adjusting for clinical and demographic factors. Different expectations and appraisal processes played a role in long- versus short-range predictions, suggesting that cognitive adaptation is important and relevant to pain relief outcomes after spine surgery. These results underscore the importance of addressing how people think about QOL and surgery outcomes to maximize the benefits of surgery.
Cauda equina syndrome secondary to portal vein thrombosis: case report of favorable outcome with conservative treatment
Authors: Campione Alberto , Agresta Gianluca , Locatelli Davide , Pozzi Fabio
Published: May 2021

Epidural varicosis is a rare though well-known cause of cauda equina syndrome (CES). Although inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction is the most common finding in such cases, portal vein hypertension can lead to epidural venous plexus engorgement by means of lumbar portocaval shunt activation.

A 40-year-old woman presented with right-sided sciatica, which progressed to right foot drop and a 3-day history of vesical tenesmus and fecal retention. She was initially diagnosed with L4–5 lumbar disc protrusion. However, contrast-enhanced lumbar MRI scan showed the presence of epidural varices in the L3–S1 tract. Given the absence of vascular anomalies amenable to resection, etiological conservative treatment was addressed. Therefore, a complete diagnostic workup was performed and revealed deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, and portal vein thrombosis. Oral anticoagulant therapy was initiated and prompt resolution of CES was observed. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of CES secondary to epidural varicosis in the setting of acute portal vein thrombosis and extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO). In cases of epidural varicosis, conservative etiological treatment is the most appropriate choice as CES may be the epiphenomenon of underlying systemic pathophysiological processes.
МУЗИЧНО-ВИКОНАВСЬКИЙ ІДІОСТИЛЬ ЯК АВТОРСЬКИЙ КОГНІТИВНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН
Authors: Zhao Rong
Published: May 2021

Мета дослідження – відкрити специфічні риси, головні показни- ки музичного (фортепіанного) виконавства як авторського феномена, обговорити особливості виконавського твору, тобто того художнього продукту, що постає й залишається внаслідок процесу виконавського самоздійснення, відкрити особистісний механізм музично-виконавської інтерпретації. Методологія роботи передбачає сумісне використання текстологічного та психологічного підходів, залучення певних поло- жень сучасної когнітивістики. Наукова новизна даної статті поля- гає в розкритті стильового значення музично-виконавської творчості, впровадженні поняття ідіостилю як найбільш відповідного до інтер- претативних завдань музично-виконавської діяльності, включаючи її пізнавальні та оцінні стратегії, способи комунікативної активації. Пропонується підхід до виконавського розуміння як до самобутнього авторського феномена, що передусім визначає змістовий обсяг музично- го діяння. Доводиться, що музично-виконавське авторство, знаряддям експлікації якого є інтерпретація або образно-звукова концептуаліза- ція, ініціюється саме даним «світоглядним смислом». Висновки свід- чать про необхідність включення феномена виконавського авторства в музиці, як індивідуально-особистісного прояву людської сутності, до кола музикознавчого авторологічного вивчення, що передбачає сумісний розвиток текстологічного та комунікативно-психологічного підходів. Специфічними показниками музично-виконавського мислення як автор- ського феномена постає цілісність та експлікативність, тобто спря- мованість до конкретного предметного результату. Тому виконавський ідіостиль розрахований на певний творчий результат, передбачає влас- ний виконавський твір, що є, з одного боку, завершеним компонентом художньої дійсності, художньої картини світу, з іншого – перебудовою власного психологічного тезаурусу та новим моделюванням індивідуаль- но-особистісного сутнісного «Я».
ВСЕУКРАЇНСЬКИЙ КОНКУРС ЮНИХ ПІАНІСТІВ ІМЕНІ НЕСТОРА НИЖАНКІВСЬКОГО: ЗДОБУТКИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Molchko Ulyana Bogdanivna , Vaks Rehina Stanislavivna
Published: May 2021

Мета роботи – простежити культурно-музичний внесок провідно- го фортепіанного змагання як важливого чинника у справу відродження та популяризації композиторської спадщини українського композитора Нестора Нижанківського та розкрити роль конкурсного заходу в по- ліпшенні виховання нових піаністів-професіоналів. Методологія дослі- дження спирається на культурологічний, творчо-діяльнісний методи. Наукова новизна полягає у визначенні динаміки розвитку інструмен- тального змагання в сучасному національному мистецькому середовищі. А також здійснюється спроба привернути увагу викладачів-піаністів до фортепіанних творів корифея української музики Нестора Нижан- ківського задля більшого застосування їх у концертних та навчальних програмах. Висновки. На початку 90-х років ХХ століття відбуваєть- ся повернення громадськості незаслужено забутих імен митців, котрі через складні суспільно-політичні обставини були вилучені з наукового та культурно-освітнього обігу, а їхня композиторська спадщина зни- щена або розкидана по світу. У часи відродження української культури фортепіанні п’єси Нестора Нижанківського повертаються в концерт- ний та навчальний простір. Вони є глибоко національні та спираються на особливості українських пісенних джерел. Народно-жанровий ґрунт фортепіанних творів композитор подає через призму стильових засад пізнього музичного романтизму, імпресіонізму, експресіонізму. Образ- но-емоційне насичення його інструментальних п’єс дало поштовх до проведення Всеукраїнського конкурсу юних піаністів імені Нестора Ни- жанківського в родинному, галицькому місті Стрию. Автори статті розглядають динаміку розвитку цього мистецького заходу Львівщини спочатку як регіонального, а згодом всеукраїнського рівня, метою якого є вшанування та популяризація композиторського надбання Нестора Нижанківського, а також формування нової, високопрофесійної піаніс- тичної еліти. Висвітлено культурно-освітню діяльність визначних су- часних піаністів-педагогів, фундаторів української фортепіанної школи, в складі журі. Проаналізовано особливості програмних вимог конкурсу, які охоплюють всі стильові напрями фортепіанного репертуару. Здійс- нено огляд творчості яскравих самобутніх молодих виконавців, що про- явили себе на Всеукраїнському конкурсі юних піаністів імені Нестора Нижанківського, та висвітлено їх подальший професійний ріст у царині фортепіанного виконавства та педагогіки. Автори дослідження вба- чають перспективи розвитку інструментального змагання в залучен- ні нових комунікаційних технологій, які будуть сприяти популяризації української фортепіанної музики, зокрема композицій Нестора Нижан- ківського, та охопленню дедалі більшої частини соціокультурного свідо- мого громадянства.
АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРИНЦИПИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ВОКАЛЬНОЇ ТЕХНІКИ ОПЕРНИХ СПІВАКІВ: МЕТОДИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Loboda Larysa Mykolaivna
Published: May 2021

Метою статті є комплексне вивчення принципів формування во- кальної техніки оперних співаків, що існують у різних вокально-пе- дагогічних методиках. Вказаний напрямок дослідження дозволяє на підставі проведеного аналізу багатолітнього емпіричного досвіду вока- лістів-практиків виявити систему універсальних настанов у процесі формування вокальних навичок. Методологічною основою статті є системний підхід до вивчення вокальної техніки сучасних оперних спі- ваків з включенням історичного, виконавського, методичного та ем- піричного підходів. Наукова новизна статті полягає в тому, що в ній процес формування вокальної техніки отримує комплексне вивчення, що включає вивчення його і як фізіологічного акту, і як складного психо- логічного явища. Цілісне уявлення про необхідні складові частини су- часної вокальної техніки базуються на осмисленні єдності предметно- го змісту теоретичного, історичного, виконавського, методичного та художнього аспектів професійної діяльності вокаліста і визначення її теоретико-методологічних основ. Висновки. Системне вивчення мето- дичних принципів виховання вокалістів та аналіз вокальної техніки су- часних оперних співаків не тільки підтверджує, що володіння технікою оперного співу є однією з основних вимог професії оперного артиста і необхідною умовою, що забезпечує можливість реалізації оперним спі- ваком своїх музично-художніх намірів, а й дозволяє визначити основні «складові» співочої техніки. Вихідною точкою актуальної вокальної методики під час процесу роботи над технікою співу є опора на нові уявлення та засвоєння профе- сійної парадигми мислення як комплексної системної програми, яка доз- воляє створювати широкі можливості освоєння співочої професії. При цьому вже в процесі роботи над вокальною технікою співак отримує не тільки комплексні професійні знання стосовно функціонування вокаль- ного апарату, а також і виконавські професійні навички для створен- ня під час виконання відповідного та досконалого художнього образу.