bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Portable impedance-sensing device for microorganism characterization in the field
Authors: Bouzid Karim , Greener Jesse , Carrara Sandro , Gosselin Benoit
Published: June 2023

A variety of biosensors have been proposed to quickly detect and measure the properties of individual microorganisms among heterogeneous populations, but challenges related to cost, portability, stability, sensitivity, and power consumption limit their applicability. This study proposes a portable microfluidic device based on impedance flow-cytometry and electrical impedance spectroscopy that can detect and quantify the size of microparticles larger than 45 µm, such as algae and microplastics. The system is low cost ($300), portable (5 cm $$\times$$
×
5 cm), low-power (1.2 W), and easily fabricated utilizing a 3D-printer and industrial printed circuit board technology. The main novelty we demonstrate is the use of square wave excitation signal for impedance measurements with quadrature phase-sensitive detectors. A linked algorithm removes the errors associated to higher order harmonics. After validating the performance of the device for complex impedance models, we used it to detect and differentiate between polyethylene microbeads of sizes between 63 and 83 µm, and buccal cells between 45 and 70 µm. A precision of 3% is reported for the measured impedance and a minimum size of 45 µm is reported for the particle characterization.
Evaluation of the cardiac subvolume dose and myocardial perfusion in left breast cancer patients with postoperative radiotherapy: a prospective study
Authors: Wang Shan-Ying , Lin Kuan-Heng , Wu Yen-Wen , Yu Chih-Wei , Yang Shu-Ya , Shueng Pei-Wei , Hsu Chen-Xiong , Wu Tung-Hsin
Published: June 2023

Adjuvant breast radiotherapy could reduce the risk of local recurrence. However, the radiation dose received by the heart also increases the risk of cardiotoxicity and causes consequential heart diseases. This prospective study aimed to evaluate more precisely cardiac subvolume doses and corresponding myocardial perfusion defects according to the American Heart Association (AHA)’s 20-segment model for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) interpretation for breast cancer after radiotherapy. The 61 female patients who underwent adjuvant radiotherapy following breast cancer surgery for left breast cancer were enrolled. SPECT MPI were performed before radiotherapy for baseline study, and 12 months after for follow-up. Enrolled patients were divided into two groups, new perfusion defect (NPD) and non new perfusion defect found (non-NPD) according to myocardial perfusion scale score. CT simulation data, radiation treatment planning, and SPECT MPI images were fused and registered. The left ventricle was divided into four rings, three territories, and 20 segments according to the AHA’s 20-segment model of the LV. The doses between NPD and non-NPD groups were compared by the Mann–Whitney test. The patients were divided into two groups: NPD group (n = 28) and non-NPD group (n = 33). The mean heart dose was 3.14 Gy in the NPD group and 3.08 Gy in the non-NPD group. Mean LV doses were 4.84 Gy and 4.71 Gy, respectively. The radiation dose of the NPD group was higher than the non-NPD group in the 20 segments of LV. There was significant difference in segment 3 (p = 0.03). The study indicated that the radiation doses to 20 segments of LV in NPD were higher than those in non-NPD significantly at segment 3, and higher in other segments in general. In the bull’s eye plot combining radiation dose and NPD area, we found that the new cardiac perfusion decline may exist even in the low radiation dose region.

Trial registration: FEMH-IRB-101085-F. Registered 01/01/2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01758419?cond=NCT01758419&draw=2&rank=1.
Mate genetic similarity affects mating behaviour but not maternal investment in mice
Authors: Auer Kerstin E. , Primus Jasmin , Istel Sonja , Dahlhoff Maik , Rülicke Thomas
Published: June 2023

Maternal investment can affect the survival and development of offspring. Here we experimentally investigated in mice, whether females alter implantation rates and pup survival after embryo transfer depending on the genetic similarity with their vasectomised mating partner. We selected the MHC genotype and genetic background of males and paired females either with males that shared the same MHC haplotype and genetic background (CBA/J inbred males, isogenic group), that shared half of the MHC haplotype and genetic background (B6CBAF1 hybrid males, semi-isogenic group), or that had a different MHC haplotype and genetic background (C57BL/6N inbred males, allogenic group). We performed 304 pairings, resulting in 81 vaginal plugs, which confirmed mating. Plug rates were significantly higher in the semi-isogenic group (36.9%) compared to the isogenic group (19.5%), but not the allogenic group (26%). We found no difference in the number of implantation sites, the number of born or surviving pups until weaning, or litter weight or sex ratio between groups. Even though we found a mating bias, we found no difference in maternal investment under laboratory conditions. At least under pathogen-free conditions our study does not provide any evidence for differential maternal investment when females could increase offspring genetic diversity or heterozygosity.
Positive rate of wheat allergens in the Chinese allergic population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Fengmei , Zhao Xinyi , Liu Wenfeng , Zhou Bo , Deng Lili , Chen Hongbing , Zhang Zhuo , Zhou Lin
Published: June 2023

In recent years, the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased significantly, causing great concern, and wheat, as one of the top 8 food allergens, is a common allergy trigger. Nevertheless, reliable estimates of the positivity rate of wheat allergens in the allergic population in China are still lacking. The systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the positive detection rate of wheat allergens in the Chinese allergic population and further provide a reference for the prevention of allergy. CNKI, CQVIP, WAN-FANG DATA, Sino Med, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were retrieved. Related research and case reports about the positive rate of wheat allergen in the Chinese allergic population published from inception to June 30, 2022, were searched, and meta-analysis was performed using Stata software. The pooled positive rate of wheat allergens and 95% confidence interval were calculated by random effect models, and the publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test. A total of 13 articles were included for the final meta-analysis, in which wheat allergen detection methods involved only serum sIgE testing and SPT assessment. The results showed that the wheat allergen positivity detection rate in Chinese allergic patients was 7.30% (95% CI 5.68–8.92%). Subgroup analysis showed that the positivity rate of wheat allergens was influenced by region, but hardly by age and assessment method. The positive rates of wheat allergy in the population with allergic diseases were 2.74% (95% CI 0.90–4.58%) and 11.47% (95% CI 7.08–15.87%) in southern and northern China, respectively. In particular, the positive rates of wheat allergens were greater than 10% in Shaanxi, Henan and Nei Mongol, all of which belong to the northern region. These results suggest that wheat allergens are an important cause of sensitization in allergic populations from northern China, and therefore attention should be paid to early prevention in high-risk populations.
Identification of hypoxia-related genes and exploration of their relationship with immune cells in ischemic stroke
Authors: Yang Kai , Zhang Zhaoqi , Liu Xiaoju , Wang Tong , Jia Zhicheng , Li Xin , Liu Wei
Published: June 2023

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major threat to human health, and it is the second leading cause of long-term disability and death in the world. Impaired cerebral perfusion leads to acute hypoxia and glucose deficiency, which in turn induces a stroke cascade response that ultimately leads to cell death. Screening and identifying hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) and therapeutic targets is important for neuroprotection before and during brain recanalization to protect against injury and extend the time window to further improve functional outcomes before pharmacological and mechanical thrombolysis. First, we downloaded the GSE16561 and GSE58294 datasets from the NCBI GEO database. Bioinformatics analysis of the GSE16561 dataset using the limma package identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ischemic stroke using adj. p. values < 0.05 and a fold change of 0.5 as thresholds. The Molecular Signature database and Genecards database were pooled to obtain hypoxia-related genes. 19 HRGs associated with ischemic stroke were obtained after taking the intersection. LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression were applied to identify critical biomarkers with independent diagnostic values. ROC curves were constructed to validate their diagnostic efficacy. We used CIBERSORT to analyze the differences in the immune microenvironment between IS patients and controls. Finally, we investigated the correlation between HRGs and infiltrating immune cells to understand molecular immune mechanisms better. Our study analyzed the role of HRGs in ischemic stroke. Nineteen hypoxia-related genes were obtained. Enrichment analysis showed that 19 HRGs were involved in response to hypoxia, HIF-1 signaling pathway, autophagy, autophagy of mitochondrion, and AMPK signaling pathway. Because of the good diagnostic properties of SLC2A3, we further investigated the function of SLC2A3 and found that it is closely related to immunity. We have also explored the relevance of other critical genes to immune cells. Our findings suggest that hypoxia-related genes play a crucial role in the diversity and complexity of the IS immune microenvironment. Exploring the association between hypoxia-related critical genes and immune cells provides innovative insights into the therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke.
Changes in group behaviour in response to a preferred environment reflect positive affect
Authors: Kleinhappel Tanja K. , Pike Thomas W. , Burman Oliver H. P.
Published: June 2023

When observed in their preferred environments, animals display behavioural changes, such as an increase in resting or a reduction in agonism, suggestive of positive affect and improved welfare. However, most studies focus on the behaviour of individuals or, at most, pairs of animals; even though in group-living animals beneficial environmental changes may impact on how the group behaves as a whole. In this study, we investigated whether experiencing a preferred visual environment affected the shoaling behaviour of zebrafish (Danio rerio) groups. We first confirmed a group preference for an image of gravel placed underneath the base of a tank compared to a plain white image. Second, we observed replicated groups either with or without the preferred (gravel) image present to determine if a visually enriched and preferred environment could elicit changes in shoaling behaviour. We found a significant interaction between the observation time and test condition, with differences in shoaling behaviour reflective of increased relaxation emerging gradually over time in the gravel condition. The findings of this study reveal that experiencing a preferred environment can alter group behaviour, making such holistic changes valuable as potential indicators of positive welfare.
Stratospheric influences on surface ozone increase during the COVID-19 lockdown over northern China
Authors: Chen Zhixiong , Liu Jane , Cheng Xugeng , Yang Mengmiao , Shu Lei
Published: June 2023

Surface ozone increased unexpectedly over northern China during the COVID-19 lockdown (CLD) period (23 January–29 February 2020), which was characterized by vigorous emission reduction. The reasons for this ozone enhancement have been speculated from perspectives of chemical responses to the emissions and meteorology. As known, the processes of natural stratospheric ozone injecting to the troposphere are most active in winter and spring. Yet, little attention was paid to stratospheric influences on this ozone enhancement. Here we report a stratospheric intrusion (SI) that reached the surface over northern China on 15–17 February during the CLD. The coevolution of enhanced ozone and sharply declined carbon monoxide and relative humidity (RH) was indicative of the SI occurrence. We show that the SI was facilitated by a cutoff low system that led to abnormally high surface ozone in most part of northern China. We estimate that over the SI period, the injected stratospheric ozone constituted up to 40–45% of the surface ozone over northern China. If the stratospheric ozone inputs were scaled over the entire CLD period, these inputs would account for 4–8% of the surface ozone. In view of the unexpected ozone increase during the CLD, this SI event could explain up to 18% of the ozone increase in some cities, and average 5–10% over larger areas that were affected. Hence, the nonnegligible stratospheric influences urge extra consideration of natural ozone sources in disentangling the role of emission reduction and meteorological conditions during the CLD in China and elsewhere in the world.
Single atom in a superoscillatory optical trap
Authors: Rivy Hamim Mahmud , Aljunid Syed A. , Lassalle Emmanuel , Zheludev Nikolay I. , Wilkowski David
Published: June 2023

Optical tweezers have become essential tools to manipulate atoms or molecules at a single particle level. However, using standard diffraction-limited optical systems, the transverse size of the trap is lower bounded by the optical wavelength, limiting the application range of optical tweezers. Here we report trapping of single ultracold atom in an optical trap that can be continuously tuned from a standard Airy focus to a subwavelength hotspot smaller than the usual Abbe’s diffraction limit. The hotspot was generated using the effect of superoscillations, by the precise interference of multiple free-space coherent waves. We argue that superoscillatory trapping and continuous potential tuning offer not only a way to generate compact and tenable ensembles of trapped atoms for quantum simulators but will also be useful in single molecule quantum chemistry and the study of cooperative atom-photon interactions within subwavelength arrays of quantum emitters.
The bacterial lectin LecA from P. aeruginosa alters membrane organization by dispersing ordered domains
Authors: Sych Taras , Omidvar Ramin , Ostmann Rafael , Schubert Thomas , Brandel Annette , Richert Ludovic , Mely Yves , Madl Josef , Römer Winfried
Published: June 2023

The dynamic reorganization of plasma membrane nanodomains (lipid rafts) plays a key role in host cell infection by human pathogens. Bacteria can induce the reorganization of lipid rafts as a result of the interactions between bacterial lectins and lipid raft glycosphingolipids (GSLs). However, it is still unclear how such interactions trigger the initial stage of the infection mechanism. Here, we study the GSL globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), a key receptor involved in the cellular uptake of the Gram-negative bacterium P. aeruginosa. The bacterial surface lectin LecA targets Gb3 and promotes bacterial invasion via a lipid zipper mechanism. We mimic the plasma membrane using supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), containing liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered lipid domains. We observe that the liquid-ordered domains in the SLBs disperse upon interaction with LecA, accompanied by a deformation of SLBs surface. Our results link the membrane reorganization triggered by LecA with the P. aeruginosa infections in host cells.
Reasonably constructed nano-alloyed materials as highly efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Chen Lin-Wei , Wang Lei
Published: June 2023

Recent progress on nano-alloyed electrocatalysts in enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance is reviewed mainly from the aspects of tuning the composition and structure.
Spirobifluorene with an asymmetric fluorenylcarbazolamine electron-donor as the hole transport material increases thermostability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ren Yutong , Wei Yuefang , Li Tianyu , Mu Yanfei , Zhang Min , Yuan Yi , Zhang Jing , Wang Peng
Published: June 2023

A structurally simple hole transport material, with an extremely high glass transition temperature, achieves an average initial efficiency of 24.5% and remarkable 85 °C durability in perovskite solar cells.
The structural integrity of endosperm/cotyledon cells and cell modification affect starch digestion properties
Authors: Wang Jiasheng , Liu Chong , Zheng Xueling , Hong Jing , Sun Binghua , Liu Mei
Published: June 2023

The effects of cell structure modification on starch digestibility were reviewed, and current reports were summarized according to a new classification.
Practical applications of total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy for nanocatalysis
Authors: Yan Chengyang , Mei Xuanhao , Gong Xue , Xu Weilin
Published: June 2023

A ‘pocket guide’ to applications of total internal reflection fluorescence in the field of chemistry.
Observation of optical anisotropy and a linear dichroism transition in layered silicon phosphide
Authors: Xie Xing , Ding Junnan , Wu Biao , Zheng Haihong , Li Shaofei , Wang Chang-Tian , He Jun , Liu Zongwen , Wang Jian-Tao , Duan Ji-an , Liu Yanping
Published: June 2023

Raman polarization spectra, temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL), and anisotropic absorption with a linear dichroism transition were studied to gain insights into the physical properties of SiP materials.
Boosting the catalytic performance of graphene-supported Pt nanoparticlesviadecorating with –SnBun: an efficient approach for aqueous hydrogenation of biomass-derived compounds
Authors: García-Zaragoza Adrián , Cerezo-Navarrete Christian , Oña-Burgos Pascual , Martínez-Prieto Luis M.
Published: June 2023

Surface modification of graphene-supported Pt NPs with Sn-butyl fragments (–SnBun) boosts their catalytic performance in the aqueous hydrogenation of biomass derivatives.
Synthesis of poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(caprolactone) di- and triblock copolymers and effect of architecture, dispersity and end-functionalisation on their aqueous self-assembly
Authors: Norinkevicius Karolis , Madsen Jeppe , Christiansen Line Elmstrøm , Meier Sebastian , Horner Andreas , Górecki Radosław , Regueira Torsten Høybye Bak , Daugaard Anders Egede
Published: June 2023

Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-polycaprolactone copolymers with different architectures, dispersities and end-groups were prepared and found to form a variety of self-assembled structures in water.
Continuous synthesis of grafted polyesters through successive photocontrolled BIT-RDRP and ROP strategies in flow tube reactors
Authors: Chen Shuaijie , Wang Peng , Zhao Haitao , He Weiwei , Zhang Lifen , Cheng Zhenping
Published: June 2023

Various poly(methacrylate)-g-polyesters were prepared successfully by successive photocontrolled BIT-RDRP and ROP in a continuous quartz tube reactor.
Salt-tolerant, scalable Janus fabric evaporators for desalination and multi-species wastewater purification
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Jie , Zhang Zhi-Bo , Zeng Jun , Ma Shan , Chen Min , Zhou Dan , Yan Yong , Chen Zhi , Tang Cong-Ming , Xu Jun-Qiang
Published: June 2023

Salt-tolerant, scalable SA/PPy/C@CF Janus photothermal fabric evaporators for desalination and multi-species wastewater purification.
Fabrication of Cu2O-loaded TiO2 nanotubes with heterojunctions via an electrochemical method: enhanced photocatalytic activity
Authors: Qiao Peng , Wang Xueqin , Liu Jiangling , Liu Yanxiu , Dai Man , Piao Rui , Liu Ying , Wang Wenyi , Wang Yuanyuan , Song Hua
Published: June 2023

Modified TiO2 nanotubes (NTs) have been widely used in water splitting for hydrogen evolution owing to their excellent photocatalytic properties. Here, Cu2O nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 NTs were fabricated via electrochemical deposition, and its performance was investigated.
A model of curricular content for the educational reconstruction of Green Chemistry: the voice of Chilean science teachers and science education researchers
Authors: González-García Pía José , Marbà-Tallada Anna , Espinet Mariona
Published: June 2023

The introduction of Green Chemistry (GC) into school science curriculum is considered an important step that encourages students to build connections between chemistry, other school subjects, and different aspects of their daily lives. The concepts associated with GC can be applied throughout the various levels of education with different degrees of complexity and provide a systematic approach to the teaching of science for sustainability. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the specific content that can be associated with the teaching of GC in primary and secondary schools in Chile. This study aims to provide a model of curricular science content for GC school education, utilizing the framework of Educational Reconstruction. The research question was “What links do in-service science teachers and science education researchers establish between GC and the school curriculum?” Specifically, we were interested in comparing science teachers’ and science education researchers’ perceptions of the links between GC and school science subject, school science contents, and crosscutting science concepts. A qualitative approach was employed for data collection and analysis, focusing on the written responses of 20 in-service science teachers and 20 science education researchers. We conclude the study by proposing an empirically based model of curricular content for GC school education (GCSE), comprising three dimensions: the multidisciplinary dimension of school science subjects represented here by chemistry, with the greatest presence, biology, physics, and geology; the intradisciplinary dimension of core disciplinary contents within each school subject; and the interdisciplinary dimension linked to a range of crosscutting concepts for GC.
Conditional generation of free radicals by selective activation of alkoxyamines: towards more effective and less toxic targeting of brain tumors
Authors: Piris Patricia , Buric Duje , Yamasaki Toshihide , Huchedé Paul , Rossi Maïlys , Matteudi Mélanie , Montero Marie-Pierre , Rodallec Anne , Appay Romain , Roux Christine , Combes Sébastien , Pasquier Eddy , Castets Marie , André Nicolas , Brémond Paul , Carré Manon
Published: June 2023

Our study at the chemistry–biology interface characterized a new alkoxyamine active against glioblastoma and medulloblastoma cancer cells.
Optimizing the number of measurements for vibrational structure on quantum computers: coordinates and measurement schemes
Authors: Majland Marco , Berg Jensen Rasmus , Greisen Højlund Mads , Thomas Zinner Nikolaj , Christiansen Ove
Published: June 2023

We study the impact of different coordinate systems and measurement schemes to reduce the measurement overhead in calculating anharmonic vibrational wavefunctions on quantum computers.
Light-controlled enzymatic synthesis of γ-CD using a recyclable azobenzene template
Authors: Sørensen Juliane , Hansen Emilie Ljungberg , Larsen Dennis , Elmquist Mathias Albert , Buchleithner Andreas , Florean Luca , Beeren Sophie R.
Published: June 2023

A water-soluble, tetra-ortho-isopropoxy-substituted azobenzene is employed as a photo-removable and recyclable template for the enzymatic conversion of α-cyclodextrin to γ-cyclodextrin.
Catalytic asymmetric indolization by a desymmetrizing [3 + 2] annulation strategy
Authors: Wu Changhui , Chang Zhiqian , Peng Chuanyong , Bai Chen , Xing Junhao , Dou Xiaowei
Published: June 2023

A new catalytic asymmetric indolization reaction was developed, and the optimal catalyst was identified based on a quantitative structure–selectivity relationship model.
Correction: Planar confined water organisation in lipid bilayer stacks of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine
Authors: Vancuylenberg Gerome , Sadeghpour Amin , Tyler Arwen I. I. , Rappolt Michael
Published: June 2023

Correction for ‘Planar confined water organisation in lipid bilayer stacks of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine’ by Gerome Vancuylenberg et al., Soft Matter, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SM00387F.
Mangelernährung bei Morbus Crohn und Colitis
ulcerosa
Authors: Stein Jürgen , Tessmer Lea
Published: June 2023

Chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen (CED) gehen aufgrund einer
direkten Darmbeteiligung und der damit verbundenen Beeinflussung der
Nahrungsaufnahme häufig mit einer Nährstoffdepletion einher. Die
durch Malnutrition hervorgerufenen Komplikationen können den Patienten
oftmals mehr schwächen als der zugrundeliegende entzündliche
Prozess selbst. Daher sind Prävention und Behandlung der Malnutrition
obligatorische Bestandteile der CED-Therapie.
Ernährung und Sport
Authors: Zielinski Johanna
Published: June 2023

So breit gefächert wie die Sportarten sind bei Sportlern auch die
Bedürfnisse in puncto Ernährung. Eine ausgewogene und gesunde
Ernährung unterstützt Freizeitsportler dabei, ihre individuelle
Leistung und Regeneration zu verbessern. Und Hochleistungssportlern kann eine
ausgeklügelte Ernährungsstrategie zu einer herausragenden
Leistung verhelfen.
Wie fit sind die zukünftigen Schulkinder in der Region
Hannover?
Authors: Bantel Susanne , Wünsch Andrea
Published: June 2023

Die Schuleingangsdaten der Region Hannover zeigen, dass der Anteil der Kinder mit
auffälliger Körperkoordination kontinuierlich ansteigt und
Übergewicht seit der Coronavirus-Pandemie signifikant zugenommen hat.
Gleichzeitig konsumieren deutlich mehr Kinder Medien und sind weniger sportlich
aktiv. Mit dieser Analyse wird aufgezeigt, welche Defizite bei Schulkindern in
der Region Hannover vorhanden sind.
Resilience and individual competitive productivity: the role of age in the tourism industry
Authors: Toubes Diego R. , Araújo-Vila Noelia , de Araújo Arthur Filipe , Fraiz-Brea José Antonio
Published: June 2023

This study evaluates the conceptual and metrical correspondence between the construct measurements of the individual Competitive Productivity model and the scale that measures individual resilience in tourism. An individual work resilience scale was adapted to the context of the tourism industry. Scale items were operationalised on an online survey (n = 425) with tourism professionals and students. The role of age as an influence variable on individual resilience levels was explored. The results point to correspondences between the scale designed to measure personal resilience and the construct that identifies the ICP components. The findings suggest that companies should prioritise diversity in their recruitment policies, which allows them to capitalise on integrative thinking to become more ambidextrous, and consequently, more resilient.
Inferring links in directed complex networks through feed forward loop motifs
Authors: Roy Satyaki , Al Musawi Ahmad F. , Ghosh Preetam
Published: June 2023

Complex networks are mathematical abstractions of real-world systems using sets of nodes and edges representing the entities and their interactions. Prediction of unknown interactions in such networks is a problem of interest in biology, sociology, physics, engineering, etc. Most complex networks exhibit the recurrence of subnetworks, called network motifs. Within the realm of social science, link prediction (LP) models are employed to model opinions, trust, privacy, rumor spreading in social media, academic and corporate collaborations, liaisons among lawbreakers, and human mobility resulting in contagion. We present an LP metric based on a motif in directed complex networks, called feed-forward loop (FFL). Unlike nearest neighbor-based metrics and machine learning-based techniques that gauge the likelihood of a link based on node similarity, the proposed approach leverages a known dichotomy in the motif distribution of directed networks. Complex networks are sparse, causing most nodes and their associated links to have low motif participation. Yet, due to intrinsic network motif-richness, few links participate in many distinct motif substructures. Thus, the FFL-based metric combines the presence and absence of motifs as a signature to outperform baseline metrics on ten directed social and biological network datasets. We conclude with the future of the FFL-based metric in dynamic network inference as well as its use in designing combined metrics using network motifs of varying orders as features.
Employing machine learning to improve energy distribution
Authors: Thompson Avery
Published: June 2023

Machine learning algorithms are powerful tools to track demand and predict supply from intermittent energy sources, but their full potential in optimizing power grids is yet to be fully harnessed.
Machine learning for modern power distribution systems: Progress and perspectives
Authors: Marković Marija , Bossart Matthew , Hodge Bri-Mathias
Published: June 2023

The application of machine learning (ML) to power and energy systems (PES) is being researched at an astounding rate, resulting in a significant number of recent additions to the literature. As the infrastructure of electric power systems evolves, so does interest in deploying ML techniques to PES. However, despite growing interest, the limited number of reported real-world applications suggests that the gap between research and practice is yet to be fully bridged. To help highlight areas where this gap could be narrowed, this article discusses the challenges and opportunities in developing and adapting ML techniques for modern electric power systems, with a particular focus on power distribution systems. These systems play a crucial role in transforming the electric power sector and accommodating emerging distributed technologies to mitigate the impacts of climate change and accelerate the transition to a sustainable energy future. The objective of this article is not to provide an exhaustive overview of the state-of-the-art in the literature, but rather to make the topic accessible to readers with an engineering or computer science background and an interest in the field of ML for PES, thereby encouraging cross-disciplinary research in this rapidly developing field. To this end, the article discusses the ways in which ML can contribute to addressing the evolving operational challenges facing power distribution systems and identifies relevant application areas that exemplify the potential for ML to make near-term contributions. At the same time, key considerations for the practical implementation of ML in power distribution systems are discussed, along with suggestions for several potential future directions.
Local wisdom in conserving Magnolia sulawesiana the endemic and endangered tree species in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Kinho J , Arini D I D , Kafiar Y
Published: June 2023

One endemic tree species threatened with extinction in Sulawesi is Magnolia sulawesiana (Magnoliaceae). M. sulawesiana is distributed in the central and northern of Sulawesi island, Indonesia. This species is one of the most exploited tree species for various purposes such as; home construction materials, furniture, musical instruments, and sports equipment. The high demand for this type of wood has led to over-exploitation. The natural population of M. sulawesiana in Sulawesi’s forest was rare. According to the IUCN Red List Category and Criteria, this species is categorized as an Endangered (EN) species, which means that this species is at risk of extinction in the wild. In northern Sulawesi, this species is known by the local name cempaka wasian or wasian. One of the conservation strategies to preserve this endemic species is to support the local wisdom of the community in the agroforestry of cempaka wasian (M. sulawesiana) for conservation and sustainable use purposes.
In vitro sterilization and callus induction from Cananga odorata forma genuina steenis explants
Authors: Nugraheni Y M M A , Mansur I , Sulistiani E
Published: June 2023

Cananga odorata (ylang-ylang) is a plant with numerous uses, including ornamental use, traditional medicinal ingredient, as fragrance, and cosmetics. The high market demand for ylang-ylang essential oil needs to be supported by information on the in vitro process of callus formation to supports the secondary metabolites production without having to cut or harvest the trees so that biodiversity is maintained. The aims of this study were to analyze the explants sterilization method using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution that was most suitable for the ylang-ylang initiation, and to analyze the effect of BAP and NAA treatment on the formation of ylang-ylang callus. The design used is a completely randomized design. The methods used included the preparation, sterilization, and callus induction using a combination of BAP and NAA hormones with twenty four treatment combinations. The results are: the sterilization of explants with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution at a concentration of 20% (v/v) 10 minutes followed by a concentration of 15% (v/v) 20 minutes was able to produce sterile explants in as much as 67.5% of cases. At the callus induction stage, the highest score of callus formation in leaf explants was in media-23 (BAP 4 ppm plus NAA 5 ppm).
Endogenous like sequence Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) fragments in the local rice genome and its role in controlling tungro disease
Authors: Ruimassa R M R , Holle Y , Manzila I
Published: June 2023

Tungro disease is one of the important diseases in rice plants because it can cause a large decrease in production. Therefore, tungro disease needs to be controlled in wise ways that ensure environmental sustainability. This can be done by using resistant varieties, while also preventing rice from resistance to the green leafhopper vector Nepothettix virescens, the death of natural enemies, resurgence and emergence of secondary pests which become the main pests. The territory of Indonesia has many very diverse rice germ plasm which its resistance properties can be used to control tungro disease. Resistance genes are an effective control machine especially when combined with other control strategies. One of the triggers for the resistance of rice varieties is eRTBV, which is a group of RTBV nucleotides in rice DNA. The purpose of this study was to detect the presence of the eRTBV piece in the rice genome and its role in controlling tungro disease. The method used wasthe insilico method by comparing the eRTBV found in local rice varieties with that found in Genbank. The results indicated that endogenous RTBV was joined into the rice genome at 1200 bp using the primer eRTBV-7. Nucleotide blast results showed that the similarity of endogenous Indonesian local rice RTBV to endogenous RTBV in the genbank ranged between 95% and 99%, then protein blast results showed that the eRTBV fragment of local rice varieties contained ORF 3 RTBV protein with a range of similarity to the genbank of 66.9% and 93.35%. The role of eRTBV is to produce the Isoleucine protein motif which produces a physical, chemical and biochemical resistance system capable of inhibiting the green leafhopper virus vector (Nepothettix virescens) and the growth and development of tungro disease, RTBV.
Screening of acid-tolerant hybrid Corn lines and parents using modified acid mineral soil
Authors: Paesal  , Azrai M , Jayadi M , Musa Y
Published: June 2023

Screening of hybrid corn parent lines quickly and cheaply compared to hydroponic methods in the laboratory is needed to support the assembly of new high yielding varieties of acid tolerant corn. Addition of CaCO3 as equivalent to 2 t/ha (normal soil), while 0.5 t/ha AlCl3 (acidic). A total of 12 elite maize lines were tested based on relative root growth (RRG). Four sets of experiments were made, namely 2 sets normal soil media (pH 6.5) and 2 sets acid soil media (pH 4.3). Experimental design used in each experimental set was a randomized block with three replications. Results showed that rapid screening of hybrid maize parental lines could be carried out using modified soil acidity method by adding CaCO3 and AlCl3 to acid soil by measuring relative root growth (RRG) as the main variable. Corn obtained by genotypes No.80, MAL03x192, and Bisi-18 were classified as tolerant, MAL03x28, MAL03x182, MAL03x42, MAL03x44, MAL03x107, MAL03x115 were classified as moderately tolerant, while MAL03x100, MAL03x56, classified as sensitive. Screening of hybrid parent lines on acid soil modified to pH 4.3 (acidic) and normal pH 6.5 at seedling age 7 days after planting (dap) was more accurate than at seedling age of maize 14 dap.
Natural dyes used by the byak tribe and its prospects as raw materials for the natural dyes industry
Authors: Fatubun A , Susanti C M E , Sinaga N I , Wanma J F , Lea M M
Published: June 2023

Dyes have been widely used by communities for various purposes, such as a compositional ingredient in food, customs, or traditional activities and crafts. The types and methods of usage are highly dependent on the presence of plants and animals found around residential areas and there are also several exotic species that are assimilated and come from other ethnic groups. The aim of this study is to determine the types of plants that produce natural dyes used by the Byak community in Biak Numfor Regency as handicraft dyes and the prospects for cultivating these plants as a source of raw materials for the natural dye industry. The research showed that the Byak ethnic community used eight species of plants as dye materials for handycraft products such as Asytasia gangetica (L)., Melastoma maladatthricum (L), Arcangelisia flava (L) Merr, Morinda citrifolia (L), Philantus sp., Macaranga tessellate var glabrescens, Mallotus floribundus (Blume) Mull.Arg., and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L) Lank. From all the species Asystasia sp. is easier to cultivate using stem cuttings and is relatively fast-growing.
Biocontrol of Bacillus cereus for Anopheles sp larvae
Authors: Mogea R A , Fitriani Y , Rumalolas N , Salosa Y S
Published: June 2023

Biological control is one of the best ways to eradicate mosquitoes. The eradication can be done by using natural antagonists such as microbes. The research objectives are to determine the concentration value of local isolate Bacillus cereus which cause 50% mortality and 95% mortality toward Anopheles larvae (instars 3) and to know how long Bacillus cereus AOT9 can survive in the LC95 until mortality of larvae Anopheles decreases to 70% in laboratory condition. Research was experimentally done with six different concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 ppm) using three replications. The result showed that there is no mortality of Anopheles larvae in the control sample, 43 % mortality for each repetition in 10 ppm, and the highest mortality was 98 % in 68 ppm. Also, the mortality of Anopheles larvae was 50 % in the concentration of 20 ppm to 30 ppm. Probit analysis for Bacillus cereus at LC50 was 27.93 ppm and at LC95 was 57.43 ppm. The residual test for mortality of Anopheles larvae in the first 48 hours was 96.7 % of the total in three replications and then decrease to 70 % in 336 hours or day 14.
An adaptive social forestry model in West Papua based on cultural forests and the main potential of NTFPS: Theory and practice
Authors: Ungirwalu A , Awang S A , Maryudi A , Suryanto P , Marwa J , Heatubun C D
Published: June 2023

The presence of the Job Creation Law Number 11 of 2020 opened a new discourse on social forestry policy in Indonesia. The discourse on the concept of forest resource management is used as the basis for the theory and practice of local community-based development. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model of adaptive natural resource management for the development of site-scale social forestry. As potential superior Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs), the types of Papuan nutmeg and black fruit have been utilized by local communities for generations. A mixed method using descriptive system analysis was used in developing the concept of cultural forest. The results of the study found that a cultural-forest-based adaptive natural resource management scenario in West Papua from case studies on the use of nutmeg in Fakfak and black fruit districts in Teluk Wondama district can be designed as a model for social forestry at the site level. The three landscape typologies of natural forest habitat, secondary forest and home gardens are a systemic-holistic unit that demonstrates certainty of access and ownership for determining site-scale social forestry schemes in West Papua.
Effect of trace Al and Ca co-addition and solution treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-10Gd alloys
Authors: Liu Jian , Wang Wuxiao , Li Wuzhao , Zhao Yu , He Na , Qin Shaoyong
Published: June 2023

To reduce the density and cost while improving the ductility of Mg-Gd system alloys, a total of 2 wt% Al and Ca were added to an Mg-10Gd alloy for partial substituting Gd element. The prepared alloys were subjected to solution treatment at 500 °C for several hours, and the variations in microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. To reveal the effect of the combined addition of Al and Ca on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg-10Gd alloys, Mg-10Gd alloys containing the same amount of Al or Ca were also fabricated and characterized. By comparison, it was found that only the co-addition of Al and Ca simultaneously improved the hardness, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the Mg-10Gd system alloys in both as-cast and solid solution states.
The Arms Trade and American Revolutions
Authors: DeLay Brian
Published: June 2023

This essay argues that the international arms trade bound the revolutions in British North America, Saint-Domingue, and Spanish America in dependent relationships. Throughout the colonial era, an informal arms control regime made it impossible for Europe’s American subjects to mass-produce war material or buy enough on the open market to equip independence through war. As became clear by late 1776, even the hemisphere’s best-connected colonists could not overcome this obstacle. Only the decisions of France and Spain to secretly arm and then openly support the British North Americans made their revolution a success. But as France and Spain would soon come to realize, US independence fatally undermined the early modern arms control regime that had kept independence a practical impossibility in their own colonies. North American merchants became the indispensable arms dealers to the hemisphere’s later revolutionaries, first in Saint-Domingue and then across mainland Spanish America. Crucially, though, the United States never offered terms remotely as generous as those it had enjoyed during its own independence struggle. Rather than rely on imperial patronage or republican solidarity, Haitians and Spanish Americans had to navigate a cutthroat market to obtain the tools of independence. That comparative disadvantage would haunt their postcolonial histories.
snHiC: a complete and simplified snakemake pipeline for grouped Hi-C data analysis
Authors: Gregoricchio Sebastian , Zwart Wilbert
Published: June 2023

Genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) is a technique that allows the study of 3D genome organization. Despite being widely used, analysis of Hi-C data is technically challenging and involves several time-consuming steps that often require manual involvement making it error prone, potentially affecting data reproducibility. In order to facilitate and simplify these analyses we implemented snHiC, a snakemake-based pipeline that allows for the generation of contact matrices at multiple resolutions in one single run, aggregation of individual samples into user-specified groups, detection of domains, compartments, loops and stripes and performance of differential compartment and chromatin interaction analyses.

Availability and implementation

Source code is freely available at https://github.com/sebastian-gregoricchio/snHiC. A yaml-formatted file (snHiC/workflow/envs/snHiC_conda_env_stable.yaml) is available to build a compatible conda environment.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Combining Angiosperms353 and Sanger data provides support for the reinstatement of the genusMyrianthemum(Melastomataceae)
Authors: Chen Luo , Kadereit Gudrun , Veranso-Libalah Marie Claire
Published: June 2023

The increasing availability of DNA sequence data, in particular target enrichment data based on the universal Angiosperms353 probe set, but also accumulated Sanger data from previous phylogenetic studies, is facilitating the placement of taxa that are difficult to place with certainty based on morphological evidence alone. Here, we investigate phylogenetic relationships of Medinilla mirabilis (Melastomataceae), a species distributed in central Africa and currently classified in the mega-diverse genus Medinilla of tribe Sonerileae. Medinilla mirabilis is a twining liana with verticillate leaves when young, spherical inflorescences, 4-merous flowers, dimorphic stamens, and baccate fruits. Our results revealed that M. mirabilis is sister to tribe Dissochaeteae and only distantly related to Medinilla. We also provide new data on wood anatomical and seed morphological characters of M. mirabilis. The alternate inter-vessel pits in M. mirabilis and Dissochaeteae are consistent with the phylogenetic placement. Seeds of M. mirabilis are similar to those of Dissochaeteae and of Medinilla. Due to its unique morphology and phylogenetic position, we propose to reinstate the monospecific genus Myrianthemum with Myrianthemum mirabile. This necessitates expansion of the Southeast Asian tribe Dissochaeteae to include Myrianthemum as its only African member. Our study of M. mirabile demonstrates that the combined application of Angiosperms353 and Sanger data is a cost-effective approach to phylogenetically place enigmatic taxa.
Emerson and the lyric essay in Maggie Nelson’s Bluets
Authors: Walton Georgia
Published: June 2023

This article examines the previously underacknowledged influence of nineteenth-century writer Ralph Waldo Emerson on the contemporary essayist and memoirist Maggie Nelson, in particular the 2009 book-length essay Bluets. Nelson’s hybrid texts have often been seen as key examples of the quintessentially contemporary genre of the lyric essay. My argument here complicates the claims of originality that have been made for this genre and instead identifies Nelson’s formal concerns as the product of a profound engagement with a nineteenth-century model. Through my analysis of Bluets, I suggest that Emerson’s influence is key to understanding Nelson’s formal hybridity and, in turn, her particular representation of the relationship between the subject and the world. Through her engagement with Emerson, Nelson arrives at an understanding of subjecthood that is based on a radical dependency but that is also individually defined and self-sufficient.