bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gobierno dividido y presupuesto de rendición de cuentas en los estados mexicanos, 2010-2019
Authors: Sánchez Martínez José Said
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo tiene dos objetivos: analizar el presupuesto destinado a tres de las instituciones encargadas de la rendición de cuentas a nivel subnacional (Órganos Garantes, Órganos Estatales de Control Interno y Entidades de Fiscalización Superior Locales) y determinar si el gobierno dividido influye en su magnitud. Para ello, se realiza un análisis cuantitativo con datos para los 31 estados durante el periodo 2010-2019. Los resultados indican que con gobiernos divididos, sólo las Entidades de Fiscalización Superior tienen más presupuesto que bajo gobierno unificado.
Comunicación política en España: representación e impacto en redes sociales de los partidos en campaña
Authors: Beriain Bañares Ana , Crisóstomo Gálvez Raquel , Chiva Molina Ismael-Pascual
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo expone un estudio cuyo objetivo es determinar cómo los ciudadanos españoles perciben los mensajes que los partidos políticos publican a lo largo de la campaña electoral a través de sus perfiles en redes sociales. Por medio de un enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo que consiste en la realización de una encuesta basada en un cuestionario estructurado al universo de la población española de 18 o más años, se concluye que las personas perciben que los partidos emplean sus perfiles en las redes sociales Facebook, Twitter e Instagram durante la campaña electoral, básicamente, para autorreferenciarse. Las diferencias advertidas con base en las variables de sexo, edad, hábitat, región y clase social son poco significativas y no alteran el marco general observado. De tal manera, puede aseverarse que los españoles perciben los mensajes publicados por los partidos en redes sociales justo antes de las elecciones como contenido propagandístico que no busca establecer una comunicación bidireccional con ellos.
La importancia de la educación cívica y el tema de la democracia en los libros de texto gratuitos en México, 1959-2018
Authors: Inclán Oseguera Silvia , León Rojo Marco Antonio
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo explora la política educativa en México desde 1959 con la finalidad de observar la importancia relativa puesta sobre la asignatura de civismo y analizar el contenido sobre democracia en los libros de texto gratuitos bajo las categorías temáticas: democracia, conflicto, autoridad limitada y responsabilidad ciudadana. El análisis encuentra poca importancia relativa y escasos contenidos hasta 2009-2012, un énfasis en el desarrollo de habilidades y en la inclusión de principios éticos con poca articulación y visión, falta de ejercicios y prácticas a partir de 2012.
Todo personal. Representaciones de los asesinatos de tres periodistas en la prensa estatal de Veracruz
Authors: Del Palacio Celia
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del presente articulo es mostrar cuáles fueron las representaciones que hicieron los órganos de prensa estatales de los asesinatos de tres periodistas veracruzanos: Regina Martínez (2012), Gregorio Jiménez (2014) y Moisés Sánchez (2015). Estos asesinatos fueron cometidos durante la administración de Javier Duarte de Ochoa (2010-2016), considerada la más violenta para los comunicadores en México. De un universo de 125 piezas periodísticas, se revisó un corpus de 99 notas informativas. Se buscaron las fuentes privilegiadas en ellas, los titulares y bajantes, así como el cuerpo de las notas, a fin de analizar el tipo de encuadre que se utilizó en cada caso según la sistematización hecha por Radamanto Portilla y la operación de ideología en el discurso según la propuesta de John B. Thompson. De ese trabajo, se presentan tres ejemplos tomados del diario digital Alcalorpolitico.com. El estudio mostró que se cubrió el asesinato de los tres periodistas de manera diferenciada, aunque prevalecieron las fuentes oficiales sin contraponer otras y se buscó la legitimación de las autoridades. Los periodistas se presentaron, en dos de los tres casos, como víctimas de la violencia común asesinadas por razones personales.
La participación: sus trayectorias analíticas y una propuesta de modelo para su investigación en los estudios políticos
Authors: Martínez Espinoza Manuel Ignacio
Published: January 2022

La participación tiende a ser un término ambiguo, vago y vacuo, lo cual dificulta su utilidad como categoría analítica válida en los estudios políticos. Este artículo tiene el objetivo de reducir la confusión terminológica de la participación mediante tres estrategias analíticas: reconocer la médula política del concepto, identificar sus atributos esenciales definitorios y proponer un modelo de variables exhaustivas para su abordaje sistemático. Se analiza el concepto de participación mediante cuatro factores medulares a manera de preguntas básicas: “¿qué?”, “¿por qué?”, “¿para qué?” y “¿cómo?”, es decir, las definiciones, las razones, los objetivos y las modalidades de la participación. El modelo analítico que se propone se estructura en torno a cuatro tipos de factores que inciden en la participación: las variables estructurales, institucionales, contextuales e individuales. La indagación conceptual identifica que la participación refiere a un proceso que, aun iniciando en el ámbito individual, adquiere sentido en el espacio colectivo, por lo que los procesos participativos dependen de las estructuras, instituciones, contextos, actores, valores y prácticas enmarcadas en la interacción entre los poderes constituidos y los poderes constituyentes.

 
THE GBOT ASTEROID SURVEY. FIRST YEARS: JAN 2015 - MAY 2018
Authors: Bouquillon S. , Souami D.
Published: January 2022

The GBOT group is in charge of the Ground Based Optical Tracking ofthe Gaia satellite. In concrete terms, since the launch of Gaia, our task is to take every night, using ground based medium-class telescopes, short sequences of 10 or 20 images of the Gaia satellite close to its meridian transit. For this purpose, we mainly use the VLT Survey Telescope and the Liverpool Telescope. In these images, taken close to the Sun's opposition - since Gaia is in L2 - we observe many asteroids: between 30 and 100 every night, up to magnitude 22. In order to extract the astrometric positions as well as the magnitudes of these asteroids, we have developed semi-automatic methods, strategies and tools tailored explicitly for this daily task. In only three and a half years of operation, this system has allowed us to send to the Minor Planet Center the position and the photometry of about 20,000 asteroids, amongst which 9,000 are new objects. Here we describe all the aspects of the GBOT asteroid survey.
THE VARIABLE STARS OF CLEMENT CATALOGUE IN SOME SOUTHERN GLOBULAR CLUSTERS USING GAIA DR2
Authors: Bustos Fierro I. H. , Calderón J. H.
Published: January 2022

In this work we study the identification and membership to globular clusters of stars in the Catalogue of Variable Stars in Galactic Globular Clusters by Christine Clement, using Gaia DR2. We discuss the issue of cross identification. We show preliminary results corresponding to the southern clusters NGC 6362 and NGC 3201.
Dyeing of Jute Fabrics with Prodigiosin Produced from Sago Waste and their Applications
Authors: Abirami Shanmugam , Kumar Sudalaimani Dinesh , Murugan Athiappan
Published: January 2022

Synthetic dyes are hazardous to the environment and humans due to their toxic and recalcitrant nature. Hence, the present study attempts to produce eco-friendly dye from the sago industrial waste using S. marcescens SS1. The dye produced by the bacterial bioconversion of sago was characterized by GC-MS and obtained 13.423 acquisition time, which is similar to the standard prodigiosin. The effects of the dyeing parameters were optimized for Jute fabric using tannic acid as a pre mordant, the maximum uptake of dye was observed at 80 °C, pH 7, 60 mins with the K/S of 6.6. The minimum K/S value of 3.9 was observed at 65 °C, pH 3 in 45 min. Better colour fastness was observed in prodigiosin with mordant compared to without mordant. The antimicrobial activity of dyed fabric was tested against a few pathogenic bacteria and it showed maximum activity against P. aeruginosa. The dye extracted from S. marcescens SS1 prodigiosin was found to be an effective dyeing agent and also pose antimicrobial properties.
A Comparative Study of 4G and VoLTE
Authors: Khandekar Atharva
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This research paper provides an insight into the comparison between VoLTE and 4G. 4G Wireless Systems or Fourth generation wireless system is a packet switched wireless system with wide area coverage and high throughput. It is designed to be cost effective and to provide high spectral efficiency. VoLTE (voice over LTE) supports voice calls over 4G LTE network. With advanced VoLTE technology, the 4G network now provides high-speed data services, high-quality voice and video calls at affordable price. This paper first presents the challenges and benefits of both 4G and VoLTE and then compares them with consideration of different points. Keywords: GSM, LTE, VoLTE, 3G, HSPA, RAN
Music Recommender System Using ChatBot
Authors: Sakore Shivam
Published: January 2022

Abstract: In this era of technological advances, text-based music recommendations are much needed as they will help humans relieve stress with soothing music according to their moods. In this project, we have implemented a chatbot that recommends music based on the user's text tone. By analyzing the tone of the text expressed by the user, we can identify the mood. Once the mood is identified, the application will play songs in the form of a web page based on the user's choice as well as his current mood. In our proposed system, themain goal is to reliably determine a user's mood based on their text tone with an application that can be installed on the user's desktop. In today's world, human computer interaction (HCI) plays a crucial role, and the most popular concept in HCI is recognition of emotion from text. As part of this process, the frontal view of the user's text is used to determine the mood. The extraction of text tone from the user's text is anotherimportant aspect. We have used IBM Analyser to check the text tone of the user and to predict the mood based on the text of the user, and Last.FM API to recommend songs based on themood of the user. Keywords: Introduction, Product-Architecture, Tone Analyzer, Music Classification Based on Mood, Acoustic Analysis, Experiment, Future/Current Use, Importance, Background, Literature Survey, Methodology, Equations, Planning, Tools and Technology, Conclusion.
Design, Implementation & Performance of Vedic Multiplier Based on Look Ahead Carry Adder for Different Bit Lengths
Authors: Sharma Vaishali
Published: January 2022

Abstract: This paper proposed the layout of Vedic Multiplier based totally on Urdhva Trigbhyam approach of multiplication. It is most effective Vedic sutras for multiplication. Urdhva triyagbhyam is a vertical and crosswise approach to discover product of two numbers. Multiplication is an essential quintessential feature in arithmetic logic operation. Computational overall performance of a DSP device is limited via its multiplication overall performance and since, multiplication dominates the execution time of most DSP algorithms. Multiplication is one of the simple arithmetic operations and it requires extensively extra hardware assets and processing time than addition and subtraction. Our work is to compare different bit Vedic multiplier structure using carry look ahead adder technique. Keywords: Carry Look Ahead Adder, Urdhva Trigbhyam, DSP algorithms, Vedic Multiplier
Knowledge of doctors regarding breaking bad news to patients
Authors: Al-Sabaawi Wafaa Hamad Mohammed , Ibraheem Nisreen Mohammed , Abdulrahman Zeena Nooraldin
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To assess the knowledge of doctors with regard delivering bad news to patients and breaking bad news protocols. Identify the knowledge and perspect of doctors towards communicating bad news to patients. Clarify knowledge of doctors about breaking bad news protocols. Identify the preferred protocol by doctors to break bad news.
 Methods: This is a cross sectional (descriptive study) done in Iraq from first of November 2020 to end of May 2021 involved 500 doctors ( periodic resident, senior resident, general practitioner and specialist doctors in different specialties ) working in different hospitals, primary health care centers and private clinics in Iraq, they are selected randomly. A self â€“ administered questionnaire design in addition to online data collection, by using modified questionnaire and link sent to different online ways (WhatsApp, Viber, Facebook, Telegram).
Results: from 500 respondents doctors there were 329 (65.8%) females, 171 (34.2%) males. Poor knowledge of protocols 315 (63%) did not know any protocol in breaking bad news. The SPIKES protocol is the most preferred protocol by doctors about (75.6%).
Conclusion:  High percentage of  participants doctors(63%) did not know any protocol in breaking bad news and about (43%) of them rated themselves had good ability in delivering bad news. The SPIKES protocol is the preferred protocol by doctors.
PAGUYUBAN KORBAN KONFLIK SEBAGAI MODAL SOSIAL DALAM EKSISTENSI QANUN NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2013
Authors: M. Reza Fahlevi
Published: January 2022

The birth of Qanun number 17 of 2013 concerning the Aceh Truth and Reconciliation Commission is the result of a derivative of Law number 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh (UUPA), which is a derivative of the result of the Helsinki Peace Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Republic of Indonesia (RI) and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) on August 15, 2005 in Helsinki, Finland. This paper discusses the opportunities for the Acehnese Conflict Survivors/Victims Association as Social Capital in the existence of Qanun number 17 of 2013 to settle the fulfillment of the rights of victims of human rights violations that occurred in Aceh in the period 1976-2005. This type of research is a qualitative research. The process of collecting data using the method of observation of the object of research related to the one being studied, interviews starting from listening, arranging words, and summarizing the results of the interviews without losing the substance of the information conveyed by the informants. The data analysis technique in this study used descriptive techniques using data reduction. The results of this study indicate that from its journey, especially after the Aceh Peace, SPKP-HAM Aceh was present in various issues related to human rights violations during the Aceh conflict, especially after the Aceh peace. The birth of Qanun number 17 of 2013 was a part of the SPKP-HAM advocacy with other institutions as well as Acehnese students in 2010 during the occupation of the Aceh DPR building. Furthermore, various issues regarding the fulfillment of the rights of victims of human rights violations, this organization also criticizes government policies that do not take sides with victims of conflict.
The Post-COVID-19 Future: State Capability in Ensuring Shared Prosperity
Authors: Vaslavskiy Yan , Vaslavskaya Irina
Published: January 2022

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused profound upheavals in national communities, from humanitarian disasters to unprecedented economic downturns. All the consequences of COVID-19 have made it necessary to understand the reasons for state inefficiency and its traditional functions of ensuring economic balance and financial stability in the period before COVID-19. In fact, inefficiency is a fundamental problem of modern socioeconomic systems. Only a violation of societal integrity can explain why economic isolation and social distancing managed to instantly destroy economic structures, cause a loss in confidence in governments by citizens and increase the potential for protest against the extraordinary actions of nation-states in the fight against COVID-19. At the end of 2020, there was universal agreement about a fundamentally uncertain post-COVID-19 reality. Many progressive specialists have expressed the opinion that the degree of future socioeconomic progress directly depends on the abilities of policymakers to prioritise societal integrity in solving economic problems and achieving the goal of shared prosperity in the future
The Political Economy of Industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evaluating the Role of Institutions
Authors: Effiom Lionel , Uche Emmanuel
Published: January 2022

Sub-Saharan Africa has recently witnessed rising growth rates, but the continent is still largely not industrialised. Mainstream empirical diagnosis has identified the paucity of physical and human capital as the main culprit. However, with the increasing inflow of capital into the continent, such arguments have become hackneyed. A possible culprit identified in the evolving development literature is the quality of institutions. How much has the quality of institutions, structured largely by the prevailing political economy of individual states, influenced Africa’s industrial performance? This study deploys descriptive and analytical methodologies to proffer answers to these questions. The estimates obtained from the Pool Mean Group Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) as well as the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) panel estimators point strongly to the fact that institutions are bane of industrialization in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Specifically, we find evidence that in the long run, regulatory quality, rule of law and control of corruption all impact the manufacturing subsector negatively and significantly. The panacea is not only within the matrix of optimal resource allocation, but must integrate the entire political and sociological process, involving governments at all levels, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and faith-based groups.
Preliminary comparison of length of stay of patients treated by 3 board-certified physicians and 1 pediatric resident in the emergency department during night shifts
Authors: Bae Goeun , Eun So Hyun , Yoon Seo Hee , Kim Moon Kyu , Koo Chung Mo
Published: January 2022

Shortage of doctors in emergency departments (EDs) is a root issue in maintaining ED-based residency programs. This study describes the efficiency of emergency practice according to board certification; 3 board-certified physicians versus a pediatric resident. Of 342 children, we found no differences as per the board certification in the ED length of stay, acuity, and return visits with more frequent hospitalization by the board-certified physicians. This result suggests that with a proper residency program, both board-certified physicians and residents can make a decision on hospitalization.
The CEO’s foreign experience and the CEO’s share ownership: Does tax aggressiveness matter?
Authors: Pebriyanti Desak Made Dwitya Sari , Firmansyah Amrie , Wijaya Suparna , Irawan Ferry
Published: January 2022

This study investigates the association between the CEO’s foreign experience and the CEO’s share ownership with tax aggressiveness. The research data is sourced from financial reports and annual reports of non-financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2016 to 2019, obtained from www.idx.co.id. Based on purposive sampling, the total sample in this study amounted to 88 observations. Hypotheses testing in this study employed multiple regression analysis for cross-section data. This study concludes that the CEO’s foreign experience is negatively associated with tax aggressiveness, and CEO’s ownership is not associated with tax aggressiveness. Returnee CEO can adequately analyze the costs and benefits related to tax aggressiveness, and it is found that if they carry out tax aggressiveness in Indonesia, the costs incurred will be greater than the benefits received. Meanwhile, the CEO’s ownership in Indonesia is still low, so it cannot affect the tax aggressiveness level. This research indicates that the Indonesia Tax Authority need to pay attention to the CEO’s experience when conducting audits and need to cooperate with the Indonesia Financial Services Authority (OJK) to measure how the company behaves in running its business, whether the returnee CEO carry out all business ethics only or adequately those related to tax aggressiveness.
Multi-temporal runoff-sediment discharge relationships
Authors: Xiao Honglin , Zhang Jinping , Fang Hongyuan
Published: January 2022

To understand the runoff-sediment discharge relationship , this study
examined the annual runoff and sediment discharge data obtained from the
Tangnaihai hydrometric station. The data were decomposed into multiple
time scales through Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with
adaptive noise (CEEMDAN). Furthermore, double cumulative curves were
plotted and the cointegration theory was employed to analyze the
microscopic and macroscopic multi-temporal correlations between the
runoff and the sediment discharge and their detailed evolution.
Research and application of GEP------China's experience in natural capital accounting---a review
Authors: Yang haijiang , Gou xiaohua , Ma weijing , Tu zhenyu , Yin dingcai
Published: January 2022

Under the background of global climate change and the human activities,
the stock of natural capital and the the ability of ecosystem services
are facing increasing pressure, and the contradiction between natural
capital protection and people’s livelihood development is also
increasing. Therefore, it is urgent to integrate ecosystem value
estimation into the development decision-making of countries all over
the world. As a new ecosystem research method, ecosystem gross product
(GEP) accounting is widely used in China, and often used to reflect the
effectiveness of regional ecological protection and the coordination
relationship between development and protection. We found that : (1) GEP
accounting can reflect the overall situation of ecological environment
and service quality, and help decision-makers and managers formulate and
implement sustainable development strategies and ecological protection
policies. (2) The contradiction between the depletion of global
ecosystem capital and the development of people’s livelihood continues
to intensify. About 68.7% of developing countries facing “low-low
development model” (low GEP and low GDP). (3) We have constructed the
path model of GEP working system and the path model of ecological
protection compensation mechanism in China. The GEP accounting system of
“from point to area, from top to bottom”, the parallel evaluation
strategy of GDP and GEP and the comprehensive ecological compensation
system of “vertical and horizontal combination” implemented can be
popularized to countries all over the world.
What are the prognostic implications and factors relating to exercise induced electrocardiographic ST segment changes in the setting of a non-ischaemic stress echocardiogram?
Authors: Fitzgerald Benjamin T. , Smith Erin , Scalia Gregory
Published: January 2022

Background. Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes during stress testing are
a common and perplexing finding during non-ischaemic stress
echocardiography (SE). Research has provided conflicting results
regarding the implications. Methods. SE was performed after maximal
Bruce protocol treadmill exercise. Results. 3020 consecutive patients,
mean age 58±12 years, 36% female, were followed-up for up to 9 years
(mean 36±21 months) post SE. Time to first cardiac event (composite of
heart failure admission, worsening New York Heart Association class,
worsening ejection fraction, acute coronary syndrome, revascularization,
angina or cardiovascular death) was analyzed and adjusted using Cox
proportional hazards regression. Prognostic significance was found with
1.5mm of downsloping or horizontal ST depression. Adjusting for baseline
differences, increased risk of composite major adverse cardiac events
was shown with at least 1.5mm of exercise induced ST depression (Hazard
ratio [HR] of 2.47, 95% Confidence ratio [CI] 1.67-3.72,
p<0.0001). Patients achieving high level exercise capacity
(≥13 metabolic equivalents or METs) with ST depression lower risk of
cardiac events during follow-up Conclusion. Patients with ST segment
depression but non-ischaemic stress imaging have poorer prognosis
compared to patients with non-ischaemic stress echocardiograms with
normal stress ECGs. ST depression of 1.5mm or more was established as a
prognostically significance value. High exercise capacity improves
prognosis, and ECG changes in that setting can be regarded as false
positives. Overall, however, ST depression during non-ischaemic stress
imaging is not a benign finding.
A case of COVID-19 complicated by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Cytomegalovirus, Aspergillus and Zygomycete infections
Authors: Pourabdollah Mihan , Hakamifard Atousa , Abtahian Zahra , Mirahmadian Arefeh , Rahdar Mohammad , Dezfuli Mojtaba Mokhber , Tabarsi Payam
Published: January 2022

Co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens have become a
serious threat. There are reports of fungal, bacterial and viral
co-infections with SARS-COV-2. Herein, we report the unusual case of
concomitant aspergillosis, mucormycosis, cytomegalovirus pneumonia and
also klebsiella pneumoniae empyema as the complication of COVID-19
infection.
Are we mindful of nasal dorsal integrity during septal surgery? An imaging study of nasal keystone area
Authors: Badran Khaled , Tarifi Amjed , Shatarat Amjad , Badran Darwish
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Review of radiological images of the keystone area to assess
risk of disruption to the nasal dorsum when separating the
osseo-cartilaginous junction in septoplasty. Methods: A Cross sectional
radiological study of adults who underwent CT scan of paranasal sinuses.
Outcome measures included were: The Length of the keystone area (shorter
length implies a higher risk of disruption) and a high-risk shape (high
risk shape implies shorter keystone area) that can predispose to
disruption of nasal dorsal integrity during septoplasty surgery. Certain
nasal dimensions were evaluated to determine if they add risk to the
dorsum. Results: CT scans of 343 patients were reviewed. The mean
keystone area length was initially 10.42 mm that came down to 7.43 mm
after adjustment in patients with high-risk shape. 31.5% of subjects
were at risk of disruption to the dorsum due to short keystone area
length <5 mm. Relatively shorter nasal bones (nasal bone
length: overall dorsal length <0.49%) were associated with a
shorter keystone area length (P = 0.004). Age, gender, septal deviation
are not risk factors as they did not significantly influence keystone
area length. Conclusions: One third of our patients (31.5%) had short
KSA length < 5mm which carries higher risk of disruption to
the dorsum integrity upon complete detachment of osseo-cartilaginous
junction. We recommend preoperative CT imaging for thorough evaluation
and precise measurement of KSA. Patients with relatively shorter nasal
bones detected on examination (and confirmed radiologically), need to be
recognized as they are more likely to have shorter KSA
Telomerase as a possible key to bypass the cost of reproduction effect
Authors: Frydrychova Radmila Capkova
Published: January 2022

Telomerase activity and telomere restoration in certain somatic cells of
human adults maintain the proliferative capacity of these cells and
contribute to their regenerative potential, and telomerase activity and
telomere length are commonly considered lifespan predictors. Eusocial
insects provide excellent model systems for aging research based on
their extraordinary caste-related lifespan differences that contradict
the typical fecundity/lifespan trade-off. In agreement with the common
presumption, telomerase activity is upregulated in the reproductive,
long-lived individuals of eusocial insects such as queens and kings,
proposing that telomerase activity acts as a key factor in their
extended longevity. But, as documented by the presence of telomerase in
somatic tissues of numerous invertebrate and vertebrate species, the
connection between telomerase activity and the predicted lifespan is not
clear. Here, I ask whether somatic telomerase activity in eusocial
reproductives may serve its non-canonical function to protect its
individuals against the exacerbated metabolic stress upon reproduction
and be a reflection of a more common phenomenon among species. I propose
a hypothesis that the presence of telomerase activity in somatic cells
reflects a different reproduction strategy of the species.
Can We Explain Cost Growth in Major Defense Acquisition Programs?
Authors: McNicol David
Published: January 2022

This question asked in this article is whether the shared intellectual property of the acquisition community includes an adequate theory of cost growth in major defense acquisition programs (MDAPs). This question is given concrete form by cost growth data for 123 MDAPs. These data are grouped into categories, which range from very small—negative, in fact—cost growth to cost growth in excess of 100%. Potential explanations for this broad range of cost growth considered are: the conventional wisdom about cost growth; a recent RAND study that closely examined cases at both ends of the distribution, along with some possible extensions of that study; and a recent model of the root causes of cost growth. The author argues that each of these falls short; in particular, it seems that the defense acquisition community at large does not have a good explanation of cost growth in the broad range of 30% to 100%.
Optimal Talent Management of the Acquisition Workforce in Response to COVID-19: Dynamic Programming Approach
Authors: Ahn Tom , Menichini Amilcar
Published: January 2022

As the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic lingers, with the speed of recovery still uncertain, the state of the civilian labor market will impact the public sector. Specifically, the relatively stable and insulated jobs in the Department of Defense (DoD) are expected to be perceived as more attractive for the near future. This implies changes in DoD worker quit behavior that present both a challenge and an opportunity for the DoD leadership in retaining high-quality, experienced talent. The authors use a unique panel dataset of DoD civilian acquisition workers and a dynamic programming approach to simulate the impact of the pandemic on employee retention rates under a variety of recovery scenarios. Their findings posit that workers will choose not to leave the DoD while the civilian sector suffers from the impact of the pandemic. This allows leadership to more easily retain experienced workers. However, once the civilian sector has recovered enough, these same workers quit at an accelerated rate, making gains in talent only temporary. These results imply that while the DoD can take short-run advantage of negative shocks to the civilian sector to retain and attract high-quality employees, long-run retention will be achieved through more fundamental reforms to personnel policy that make DoD jobs more attractive, no matter the state of the civilian labor market.
Drivers of life insurance consumption - an empirical analysis of Western Balkan countries
Authors: Grabova Perseta , Sharku Gentiana
Published: January 2022

Life insurance in the Western Balkan Countries is underdeveloped, but it has
huge potential for development in the future. The scope of this article is
to examine whether and how economic, socio- demographic, and institutional
factors determine the demand for life insurance in the Western Balkans,
using life insurance density and life insurance penetration as indicators of
life insurance demand during 2006-2019. In order to conduct a crosscountry
analysis we use panel data regression models and a feasible generalised
least squares regression model. The analysis reveals that the most
significant factors are income per capita and changes in the urban
population. The article contributes to the existing literature by
identifying the variables that affect demand for life insurance in the
Western Balkans and by providing evidence for insurance operators,
authorities, and governments of the respective countries to find ways to
further develop the insurance market.
A neoclassical growth model with endogenous birth and mortality rates
Authors: Zhang Wei-Bin
Published: January 2022

This study examines dynamic interdependence between different socio-cultural
groups? birth rates, mortality rates, populations, wealth accumulation, and
the allocation of time between work, leisure, and childcare. It emphasises
the role of changes in human capital, technology, and preferences on birth
and mortality rates and time allocations. The economic mechanism of wealth
and income distribution is based on the Walrasian general equilibrium
theory, and wealth accumulation is based on the Solow growth model. The
paper uses a utility function proposed by Zhang (2015) to describe the
behaviour of households. It also models group and gender differences in
human capital, the propensity to have children, the propensity to use
leisure time, and the efficiency of childcare. The paper uses differential
equations to describe the dynamics of group differences in wealth, income,
birth rates, mortality rates, and populations. I simulate a model to show
the motion of the system and identify the existence of an equilibrium point.
I also examine the effects on the dynamics of the economic system of changes
in the propensity to have children and the propensity to save, and in gender
differences in the propensity to use leisure, in human capital, and in
emotional involvement in childcare.
Wicked problems i lärande för hållbar utveckling – Vägledning för att ta fram exempel och problembeskrivningar
Authors: Lönngren Johanna
Published: January 2022

Högre utbildning ska integrera hållbarhetsperspektiv, men många lärare upplever att de inte har tillräcklig kompetens eller tillgång till lämpliga pedagogiska verktyg. Ett mycket användbart pedagogiskt verktyg för lärande för hållbar utveckling är så kallade wicked problems, problem som saknar ”rätta” lösningar och som karakteriseras av stor komplexitet, osäkerhet och värdekonflikter. Men för att kunna arbeta med wicked problems behöver lärare först ta fram lämpliga exempel och beskriva dessa för studenterna så att studenterna vet vad de ska arbeta med. För att underlätta för lärare att ta fram beskrivningar av wicked problems presenterar jag här åtta forskningsbaserade designprinciper och illustrerar dem med hjälp av en beskrivning av ett aktuellt problem: coronaviruspandemin. Med hjälp av dessa principer och konkreta exempel hoppas jag att fler lärare vågar ta fram egna problembeskrivningar och använda dem i sin undervisning för att på så sätt integrera hållbarhet i fler program och kurser i högre utbildning.
“It has worked well despite the circumstances” – a study on student social relations and well-being during the pandemic
Authors: Fjelkner Annika , Roxå Torgny , Warfvinge Per
Published: January 2022

Students’ possibilities to interact with peers have reduced drastically during the emergency transition to online teaching due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Students report on decreased motivation and other study related issues; hence, there is a need to better understand the effects of decreased interaction. The aim of the present exploratory study was to document changes in student networks, in relation to perceptions of connectedness, study outcome and well-being in two different settings. An ad hoc online survey (n = 97) was distributed among students from one research-intensive and one teaching-intensive university where many students commute. Results showed that student social networks defoliated from the outside-in and left students with an inner circle of students they shared multiplex relations with. Students who had lost more working and multiplex relations also reported a decline in well-being. The main contribution of this study is the visualization of how networks became fragmented, and how the experience of this differed depending on type of study context. These findings may have implications for a post-Covid organisation of higher education.
Genre shift in disseminating knowledge: Student teachers’ experiences of communicating their master’s theses as popular science
Authors: Henriksson John , Eklund Gunilla , Aspfors Jessica
Published: January 2022

Previous research shows that there is a challenge in balancing research-oriented activities, including the master’s thesis, in a way that promotes teachers’ professional development. This study aims to investigate student teachers’ experiences of communicating their master’s theses as popular science to schools and school communities. Data (logbooks, videos and text submissions) were collected from Finnish student teachers (n = 38) during a campus-based course from 2019 to 2020. The results show that most students had difficulty shifting from a science to a popular science approach and found this experience of genre shift during dissemination as challenging.
Utilising Lidar Survey to Locate and Evaluate Offa’s Dyke
Authors: Delaney Liam
Published: January 2022

The enigmatic and gigantic Offa’s Dyke has long been understood as a demonstration of the power of the Mercian state in the long eighth century. Despite this, rarely have previous studies involved anything more than the visual observations of the earthwork. Moreover, ground-level perspectives cannot possibly contextualise its total breadth and character. The shortcomings in the resulting quality of data on the Dyke has led to uncertainties and debate over its route, extent, and placement in the landscape. With the application of lidar and other digital technologies, my ongoing doctoral research is providing a fresh understanding of the nature and original extent of Offa’s Dyke’s route by the creation of an accurate and empirical dataset. This digital dataset for Offa’s Dyke is identifying hitherto unknown sections of the monument.  Furthermore, it is providing the foundation for new investigations of the nature of the frontier in the eighth century by creating the basis for new investigations into the placement and landscape context of the monument. This article presents interim results on the investigation of the Herefordshire section of Offa’s Dyke, a stretch that has been among the most problematic and poorly understood from all sections of the earthwork. This study thus provides fresh perspectives utilising digital heritage tools and data sources to examine and re-evaluate evidence of the nature and extent of the monument and the wider Mercian frontier.
What's Wat's Dyke? Wrexham Comic Heritage Trail
Authors: Williams Howard , Swogger John
Published: January 2022

We hope this comic heritage trail for Wrexham helps introduce you to Britain's third-longest ancient monument.Wat's Dyke was built in the early medieval period (most likely between the late 7th and early 9th centuries AD). Today, it is a fragmentary bank and ditch surviving in varied states of preservation. When newly built, it was most likely designed as a continuous construction by the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia to dominate and control its western frontier with Welsh rivals. It runs over c. 64km from Basingwerk (Flintshire) to Maesbury (Shropshire).The map shows you where you can visit the monument today, and the comic panels tell the story of Wat's Dyke at each location. And if you'd like to know even more about Wat's dyke and other similar monuments, there are suggestions for further reading as well as online links to recent research at the end of the booklet.
AS CARTAS DE JOSÉ DE ANCHIETA E A HISTÓRIA DAS IDEIAS LINGUÍSTICAS
Authors: Santos Grigorio
Published: January 2022

O tema deste trabalho é As Cartas de José de Anchieta e a História das Ideias Linguísticas. A pergunta que orienta o estudo é: quais as ideias e os posicionamentos do padre Anchieta, sobre educação estão presentes em suas cartas? O trabalho tem como base teórica os estudos sobre a História das Ideias Linguísticas propostos por Auroux (1992) e Fávero & Molina (2006). Com base nesses estudos sobre a História das Ideias Linguísticas, fizemos a análise do corpus, cujos resultados mostram as ideias e os posicionamentos do padre José de Anchieta sobre o tema educação.

Palavras-chave: História das ideias linguísticas, Cartas de Anchieta, Companhia de Jesus, Educação no Brasil no século XVI.
BRASIL COLONIAL
Authors: Gutierrez Silas
Published: January 2022

Este artigo analisa a carta do jesuíta Luís Rodrigues escrita em março de 1563 na Capitania de Ilhéus e direcionada ao provincial de Portugal Gonçalo Vaz, ambos, membros da Companhia de Jesus: ordem religiosa de cunho ideológico político e militar. A pesquisa mostra como emergem da carta valores que justificam sua presença na recuperação das almas daquela aldeia e como reforçam seu modelo de conduta a ser seguido por um povo pagão e sem direcionamento espiritual. Durante o trabalho, constata-se também, a função/posição do autor e sua representação que envolve o imaginário cristão do século XVI. Para isso, utilizou-se os trabalhos do Círculo Bakhtiniano (1975, 1997, 2001, 2003) como suporte para análise.
LEITURA NA COLÔNIA
Authors: Toledo Raquel schnoeller de
Published: January 2022

Este texto tem como objetivo analisar de que forma ocorreu o processo de leitura no Brasil Colonial, diante de um cenário em que a nação dispunha de pouquíssimos livros e de nenhuma imprensa. Para tanto, o presente artigo, que está pautado nos princípios da História das Ideias Linguísticas (AUROUX, 2014 [1992], FÁVERO; MOLINA, 2006, COLOMBAT; FOURNIER; PUECH, 2017), percorre a institucionalização do ensino de língua portuguesa promovida pelos jesuítas e, também, as consequências da ruptura determinada por Pombal. Como resultado, o estudo demonstra a cisão no desempenho da competência leitora entre os brasileiros (filhos de nativos) e a desigualdade nessa competência, comparando-se os filhos de nativos e os filhos de colonizadores ao final do século XVIII.
Pemberdayaan Aparatur Pemerintahan Nagari Melalui Literasi Digital Anti-Hoaks dan Penguatan Ketahanan Informasi Nagari
Authors: Irwan Irwan , Azmi Alia , Syafril Rizki , Tiara Monica
Published: January 2022

Penguatan Ketahanan Informasi bagi aparatur pemerintahan menjadi hal yang urgent saat sekarang ini sebab sebagai abdi masyarakat, aparatur pemerintahan dituntut untuk dapat memberikan informasi dan melayani masyarakat dengan optimal. Salah satunya dengan penyampaian informasi yang valid dan jauh dari hoaks yang dapat meresahkan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, tim pengabdi dari Program studi PPKn melaksanakan kegiatan pemberdayaan aparatur pemerintahan nagari melalui literasi digital anti hoaks. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Nagari Panampung Kecamatan Ampek Angkek Kabupaten Agam. Metode kegiatannya yaitu: (1) Peningkatan dan pengetahuan aparatur nagari terkait dengan informasi-informasi yang tergolong hoaks, serta bahayanya jika beredar di masyarakat; (2) Peningkatan pengetahuan aparatur nagari tentang literasi digital; (3) Identifikasi strategi dan langkah-langkah untuk menghindari dan melawan informasi hoaks demi menciptakan ketahanan informasi nagari; (4) Strategi dan evaluasi terhadap keberlanjutan program. Implikasi dari kegiatan ini yaitu terciptanya ketahanan informasi bagi segenap aparatur Nagari Panampung yang bermuara pada tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik (good corporate governance).
Peran Ninik Mamak dalam Pilkada
Authors: Purnama Geri , Putra Eka Vidya , Fitriani Erda
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan peran ninik mamak dalam mempengaruhi pilihan politik warga di Desa Sebukar Kecamatan Sitinjau Laut Kabupaten Kerinci. Teori menganalisis  permasalahan  yaitu  teori  jaringan  yang dikemukakan  oleh  Barry Wellman. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian etnografi. Untuk pemilihan informan dilakukan cara purposive sampling. informan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 33 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi non partisipasi, wawancara mendalam, untuk pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi data berupa metode, sumber dan waktu penelitian. Kemudian dianalisis dengan model interaktif analisis yang dikemukakan oleh Miles dan Huberman melalui langkah-langkah yaitu: mereduksi data, mendisplay data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan hasil penelitian ini, menunjukkan peran ninik mamak dalam memepengaruh pilihan politik warga di Desa Sebukar antara lain sebagai berikut: (1) Meberikan Izin Kampanye (2) Menyatukan Pemahaman, (3) Menfasilitasi Kandidat Kampanye, dan (4) Mengarahkan Masyarakat.
Sanggar Anggun Nan Tongga: Pelestarian Kesenian Tradisional Randai (Suatu Kajian Fungsionalis)
Authors: Fahrizal Muhammad Reza , Fitriani Erda
Published: January 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan fungsi Sanggar Anggun Nan Tongga yang ada di Kota Pariaman, Sumatera Barat, dalam melestarikan kesenian tradisional randai Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan teori fungsionalisme dari Bronislaw Malinowski. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, tipe studi kasus. Pemilihan informan dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Perolehan data penelitian didapatkan dari hasil observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Untuk penelitian teknik analisis data digunakan model analisa data dari Miles dan Huberman. Hasil Penelitian yaitu fungsi Sanggar Anggun Nan Tongga dalam melestarikan kesenian tradisional Randai di Desa Talago Sariak Kecamatan Pariaman Utara Kota Pariaman, yaitu: 1) fungsi pelestarian pewarisan nilai, 2) sanggar sebagai sarana edukasi generasi muda dalam mengenal kesenian tradisional randai, 3) Sanggar sebagai wadah pengembangan bakat masyarakat Desa Talago Sariak.
Implementasi Supervisi Instruksional: Pendekatan dan Tantangan Pengembangan Profesionalisme Guru
Authors: Koyongian Yeane , Rawis Joulanda A.M , Wullur Mozes Markus , Rotty Viktory N.J.
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan secara kualitatif implementasi supervise instrusional dari sudut pandang pendekatan dan tantangannya dalam pengembangan profesionalisme guru. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan systematic review dan disajikan secara deskriptif kualitatif. meta-analisis dilakukan untuk merangkum berbagai hasil penelitian terkait dengan implementasi supervise instruksional dari pendektan dan tantangan terkait dengan peningkatan profesionalisme guru. Penggalian literatur dilakukan secara online dengan memanfaatkan layanan internet. Penelitian ini mengikuti enam langkah systematic reviewi yaitu: (a) memformulasikan pertanyaan penelitian, (b) melakukan pencarian literatur, (c) melakukan skrining dan seleksi artikel penelitian, (d) melakukan analisis dan sintensis temuan-temuan kualitatif, (e) memberlakukan kendali mutu, dan (f) menyusun laporan akhir. Hasil systematic reviewi menyimpulkan dalam implementasi perkembangannya pendekatan supervise menghasilkan model-model supervise yang dapat dikelompokkan menjadi dua: (1) supervise formatif, dan (2) supervise sumatif. Supervisi formatif dicirikan sebagai proses di mana kepala sekolah memiliki tanggung jawab profesional, kualifikasi, dan pelatihan khusus untuk mengawasi anggota staf sekolah. Sedangkan supervisi sumatif adalah penilaian penilaian kinerja guru. Kepala sekolah sering menghadapi tantangan praktis, konseptual, dan sosioafektif yang signifikan dalam melaksanakan superivi. Penelitian ini memberi implikasi bahwa supervisi dianggap sebagai proses yang memberikan dukungan dan pengetahuan yang dibutuhkan guru untuk tumbuh secara profesional. Keberhasilan pelaksanaan praktik supervise ditentukan berdasarkan pendekatan dan model mana yang paling masuk sesuai dengan kebutuhan guru.