bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WOOD-GLASS-FIBER COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON POLYESTER RESINS FOR TIMBER RAILWAY SLEEPER STRUCTURES
Authors: Bondarev B. , Bondarev A. , Korneeva A. , Basinskikh E.
Published: November 2021

Wood-glass-fiber composite materials (WGFCM) are used in transport construction (sleepers, switch bars, etc.). Polymer solutions based on furfuralacetone monomer (FAM) served as a matrix for the manufacture of WGFCM. The article suggests using Holex HAS- 2061 polyester resin as a matrix, which, in turn, has chemical resistance, dielectric properties, increased impact strength, having sufficient strength characteristics, and significant extensibility. For the application of the above material in the structural elements of sleepers of logging railways, it is necessary to know its operation under repeated loading. Endurance experiments were conducted at different coefficients of the load application cycle asymmetry pb=0,1; 0,3; 0,6. As a result of the experiments, the values of the endurance limit of the material under study were obtained, which allow us to conclude that it can be used in the construction of timber railway sleepers.
QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF LUMBER DRYING IN CONVECTIVE AUTOMATIC CHAMBERS
Authors: Gorokhovsky A. , Shishkina E.
Published: November 2021

The timber industry complex of Russia has no less potential than the recognized flagships of the Russian industry – the oil and gas sector, the metallurgical and military-industrial complex. The potentialities of the Russian woodworking industry and such a traditional industry as sawmilling are especially great. According to available forecasts, despite significant growth in the production of panel materials, cardboard and paper, the demand for sawnwood will increase, especially in Europe. The recommendations for improving sawmill production emphasize the need to increase the volume of sawn timber drying, expand the range of products by producing targeted dry sawn timber, and bring the requirements for the quality of sawn timber drying to consumer requirements. Specific issues related to quality management of woodworking products have basically been resolved. At the same time, there are a number of bottlenecks in the management of drying quality that cannot be solved at once. This is especially true for issues related to the significant instability of the properties of wood subjected to drying. The system of controlled moisture exchange proposed by the authors makes it possible to largely neutralize the influence of the scatter of the initial properties of wood on the entire drying process. This applies to both the moisture removal process itself and the development of internal stresses in the wood with the provision of the required margin in order to avoid wood cracking. Moreover, the controlled moisture exchange system allows the formation of a drying regime in accordance with the required quality category with minimal energy consumption for drying.
DESIGN OF LOGGING ROADS BY THE METHOD OF INFORMATION MODELING
Authors: Kurdyukov D.
Published: November 2021

The article describes a comparison of the standard method of designing logging roads and public roads using drawings and sheets on paper with the design of logging roads and public roads using information modeling technology. The results achieved (interaction structures, formation of information models, organization of collective work, etc.) in the development of the following “pilot” objects are also described: plans for the development of the section of the R-258 Baikal highway under the jurisdiction of the FKU Uprdor “Southern Baikal” in the central ecological zone of the Baikal Natural Territory; major repairs of protective road structures on the R- 258 “Baikal” highway Irkutsk-Ulan-Ude-Chita at km 157+500, Irkutsk region; major repairs of the M-5 Ural highway Moscow-Ryazan-Penza-Samara-Ufa-Chelyabinsk, access to Yekaterinburg on the section km 79+899-km 121+509.
PROTECTIVE WOOD TREATMENT WITH AN OLIGOMER CONTAINING STYRENE UNITS
Authors: Nikulina N. , Nikulin Sergey
Published: November 2021

Currently, much attention is paid to the protective treatment of wood materials. This allows you to protect wood from adverse factors and extend the service life of products based on it. At the same time, not a little, an important criterion is the ratio of the price of the protective composition and its quality. The article discusses the possibility of using an oligomer for the protective treatment of natural wood, obtained on the basis of by-products of the production of polybutadiene and modified with secondary polystyrene. Considering the fact that this waste has not found its application, its use makes it possible to obtain not only valuable and affordable compositions based on it, but also to solve a number of environmental problems. For the modification, an oligomer with a bound styrene content of about 50% was used. The process was carried out at 200°C in the presence of a desiccant. At high temperatures and in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, destruction of both oligomer and secondary polystyrene occurs. The resulting destruction products interact with each other with the formation of new macromolecules containing an increased amount of styrene groups and the appearance of functional groups containing oxygen in the polymer chains. Protective treatment of natural wood with the obtained impregnating compounds allows to reduce water absorption and swelling of birch samples. This treatment allows you to extend the life of wood products.
CYCLICAL USE OF WOOD WASTE IN THE PRODUCTION OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES
Authors: Opara M.
Published: November 2021

Currently, the issues of production and use of alternative energy sources are gaining more and more popularity. Such traditional energy sources as gas, oil, and coal are irreplaceable minerals, and therefore there is a need to search for alternative energy sources. One of which is biofuels. Wood waste from woodworking and sawmilling enterprises accumulates in huge quantities on production areas and is not used properly, but is mostly burned or disposed of in landfills. The removal of waste to landfills requires a lot of investment, since wood has a large volume mass. At the same time, in many European countries, such wood-based materials as fuel pellets, fuel briquettes, and euro-wood are known, and they are the substitutes for traditional types of energy. Compared to traditional energy sources, biofuels have a number of advantages. One of them is that when burning, the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere does not exceed the amount of emissions that would be formed by the natural
THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTAL WASTE IN THE ISSUE OF GREEN ECONOMY OF THE REGIONS
Authors: Opara M. , Azarova Natalia
Published: November 2021

Currently, an urgent issue is the preservation of the environment, the cyclical use of waste for the production of new products, the preservation and multiplication of the planet’s natural resources. After all, the quality of life of each person directly depends on the state of the environment and the factors that affect its preservation. These factors are an integral part of the development of a green economy. This article discusses the possibility of producing alternative energy sources, such as biofuels of three generations.The first generation is solid, liquid, and gaseous biofuels. Second-generation fuel is obtained from the biomass of plant and animal material residues, or grown crops. As an example, such a type of fuel as biogas, which consists of carbon dioxide and methane, and with its further processing, namely the separation of carbon dioxide, you can get biomethane. In the same way, such fuels as biodiesel and bioethanol can be obtained from the biological mass. And the most unusual raw material for the production of third-generation fuel is biofuel from algae. Unfortunately, the development of the green economy in Russia is taking slow steps, but at present this issue is being paid more attention. The development of technologies for obtaining alternative energy sources will allow us to produce not only new types of energy, but also to preserve the environment of our priceless planet, through the use of raw materials and waste that are not in demand in everyday human life.
CHANGE IN THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF PRESSED BIRCH WOOD DURING LOCAL CRUSHING
Authors: Snegireva Svetlana , Kurnikova Anna
Published: November 2021

At present, due to the reduction of business wood stocks, the problem of using fast-growing soft hardwoods as industrial raw materials is of particular relevance. This wood has a number of disadvantages – low density, low strength indicators, which limit the scope of its application. It is possible to improve the quality of soft hardwood wood by pressing it (compacting). Compaction of wood has a great influence on the physical and mechanical properties of wood. The wide application of pressed wood is possible in the production of railway sleepers. Pressing wood significantly increases the performance properties of the sleeper beam. One of the advantages of wooden railway sleepers is their high damping properties. The presence of damping properties in wooden sleepers ensures high speed performance and a long service life of the rolling stock. In this connection, research that ensures the rational use of wood raw materials is relevant. The purpose of this study is to determine the nature of the change in the strength limit of pressed birch wood (Betula pendula) during local crumpling.
ENERGY SAVING OF WOOD DUE TO ITS MODIFICATION
Authors: Storodubtseva Tamara , Buryakova A. , Rabotkin A.
Published: November 2021

Modified wood is wood that is improved with special modifiers in order to increase its strength, durability and water-, bio-, fire- and corrosion resistance, which, unlike natural wood, makes it more resistant to various environmental factors. This wood is good to use in construction, and it will be effective for further development, as the buildings will be used longer, and less likely to be subject to repair and reconstruction, which will reduce deforestation. The most popular methods of modification are thermomechanical modification with preliminary steaming of wood, its heating, or with preliminary impregnation with mineral oils; thermochemical modification; chemical modification; radiation-chemical modification. Each type of the above modifications differs in its properties, and also have their own impact on a particular type of wood. The most common and most effective method of modification is achieved by thermomechanical processing. Since it is when the wood is heated, after the introduction of the necessary modifiers into it, the polymers begin to heat up, due to which the vessels of the wood harden, which affects its density. To avoid the destruction of wood, it is very important to monitor the temperature and prevent it from reaching high heating levels.
OVERVIEW OF MODERN WOODEN HOUSING CONSTRUCTION IN RUSSIA
Authors: Tomin A.
Published: November 2021

Wooden house building has centuries-old traditions, to which Russia has made a significant contribution. Historically, our country is rich in forests, hence the quite natural choice of wood as the main material for housing construction. Everyone knows the methods of building wooden houses by Russian architects of the early Middle Ages “with one ax and without a single nail.” Well, of course, we must understand here that there was more than one ax, there were auxiliary manual wood-cutting tools. Well, without nails – it does not mean at all that the connecting elements were not used, they just were also wooden. Some of these monuments of wooden architecture have survived to this day and we can observe them, for example, in Kizhi, Vologda, Arkhangelsk and many other cities.
PLYWOOD PRODUCTION. THE PROSPECT OF FURTHER DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Chemodanov A. , Kochetov A. , Varkina T.
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the use of wood heat treatment techniques in the plywood industry. Particular attention is paid to the problem of increasing demand for plywood in the future. The presented material proposes an alternative method of obtaining the product before pushing on veneer.
OVERVIEW OF GLUED WOOD BUILDING MATERIALS
Authors: Chirkov I. , Kantieva Ekaterina , Ponomarenko Larisa
Published: November 2021

Currently, environmental friendliness is one of the main requirements for products of any kind all over the world. The use of wood as a building material fully meets this requirement. Every year the share of wooden housing construction increases, and not only in the segment of low-rise, but also multi-storey wooden houses and structures. When working with a tree, it is necessary to take into account its features and disadvantages. When the humidity changes, the wood changes its size, is affected by fungi and insects, and has a high fire hazard class. In order to improve the performance properties of wood, its modification is widely used, through the use of various processing methods: drying, heat treatment, impregnation with various compositions, gluing. Recently, a large number of innovative construction materials based on wood bonding have appeared on the market: LVL-beams, CLT-panels, glued beams, wooden I-beams. The use of these materials from glued wood in construction allows the use of renewable, eco-friendly raw materials. And despite the higher cost of these materials compared to traditional building materials, they are competitive in their properties: light weight, less load on the foundation, are not subject to corrosion, are easily installed even in areas with difficult engineering and geological conditions, when exposed to fire, they retain their structural strength longer, are easily transported and disposed of.
POSSIBILITIES OF USING WOOD WASTE FOR BUILDING MATERIALS PRODUCTION
Authors: Shinkaruk A. , Danilov V. , Ayzenshtadt Arkadiy
Published: November 2021

The analysis of the amount of wood waste generated, its types and possible uses of such waste is carried out. The technological features of the production of wood-mineral composite based on wooden bark and basalt waste with heat and sound insulating properties are given. It is shown that, depending on the selected ratio of the components of the mixture, a composite with specified operational characteristics can be obtained.Production of a new composite material is designed to expand the range of eco-friendly building materials in Russia, and also to solve the problem of wood waste disposal.
TRAINING PROFESSIONALS AS THE CHALLENGE IN TIMBER
Authors: Duz Alina , Litvinova L.
Published: November 2021

The article is about Professions and Training in Forestry. First we can read about lack of specialists in timber industry.It is a complex problem and many factors are to be taken into account to solve it. The reasons are discussed, salaries and lack of jobs are the most common ones. Forestry High Schools are the most important parts in the special programs to improve the situation. There are special ways to tackle the problem. They are different and various, for example, creating special training professionals programs in Timber Industry, first; technical support of High Schools, second etc. These measures will help to train the professionals for the newest timber industry in our country.
PROBLEMS OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF INNOVATIONS WITH A DELAYED EFFECT IN THE FOREST COMPLEX
Authors: Ivanova Anna , Tretyakov A.
Published: November 2021

The work is aimed at solving one of the most important fundamental and topical interdisciplinary scientific problems of the Russian Federation – the need for scientific substantiation of optimal options for the functioning of state policy in the field of use, protection, protection and reproduction of forests in the Russian Federation through economic mechanisms aimed at effective management of the forest sector of the economy and increasing gross domestic product in the forestry sector based on market demand for products. Hence, there is a special interest in the processes of the spatio-temporal dissemination of innovations for the country’s forestry complex, especially which are the guarantor and basis of intensive forestry, but due to the specifics of my reproduction, I have a deferred economic effect relative to similar innovative products obtained with the help of basic technologies. The paper provides an analytical review of the rate of diffusion of innovations in the sectors of the forestry complex based on the analysis of reliable and objective indicators, in accordance with which it was concluded that the rate of spread of innovative forestry products in time and space is extremely low. It has been established that one of the factors preventing the diffusion of innovative forestry products is the high cost of their creation and the uncertainty of the result obtained. It has been established that the high capital costs of creating an innovative product for commercial use must be compared with biological advantages: growth rate, resistance to diseases and pests, productivity.
EFFECTIVE RISK MANAGEMENT AND ITS DETERMINING FACTORS
Authors: Netrebskaya Oksana
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the risk factors in the forestry of the country. The functions of risk management, implemented in forestry as a control system and a subsystem of management, are presented. The system of minimization of managerial risks and their consequences operating at the level of the federal forestry agency is considered. The results of an expert assessment of complex risk groups, and the most significant of them, are presented. The most significant and entailing serious risk consequences are strategic (programmatic), financial, commercial risk factors, as well as security risks, climatic and personnel risks. The need to modernize the existing forestry risk management system in a direction that provides greater transparency of information required for management has been determined.
NECESSITY OF A SOFTWARE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT FOR PREPARATION OF PROJECTS FOR FOREST ROAD CONSTRUCTION ORGANIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF BIM-TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Manukovskiy Andrey , Efremov I.
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the features of the development and applicationBIM technologies in the preparation of BIM projects for timber roads in the Russian Federation. The main types of software products used in the preparation of BIM-projects of forest roads have been established. The procedure for using software products is given, their main types are established and functional capabilities are analyzed. The drawbacks and limitations of software products for general-purpose project management in the context of the use of BIM technologies are identified. The necessity of developing a specialized software product for the preparation of elements of projects for the organization of construction «Planworks», in order to increase the efficiency of the use of BIM-technologies in the preparation of projects of timber haul roads. The article describes the proposed procedure for using the developed software product, and also formulates the main stages of developing a project for organizing construction in it. The main list of the initial data required for the preparation of the organization’s project in the developed software product is disclosed. The features of the automated generation of a network model of tasks for the construction of structural elements of a timber road are described, the main types of generated tasks, as well as the features of automated task linking, are given. The advantages of using the developed software product at the stages of development of a technical design and construction of a timber road have been determined.
A MAC PROTOCOL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND FAST EMERGENCY MEDICAL JUDGMENT IN WIRELESS BODY SENSOR NETWORKS
Authors: Kim Hye Yun , Kim Seong Cheol
Published: November 2021

Emergency data collected from sensor nodes widely distributed in wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs) are delivered to medical staff as quickly as possible, so patients’ lives can be saved through appropriate actions and treatments. However, relevant data and vital data may be required for appropriate actions by the medical staff. Therefore, all these data must be properly delivered to the medical staff within the set time. In this paper, we propose a MAC protocol with a reservation function and an operation frame extension function to extend the overall network lifetime by reducing the energy consumption of given sensor nodes and quickly deliver information to medical systems in case of emergency. This MAC protocol makes it possible to achieve fast transmission of related data by utilizing the related-priority slots. As a result of the experiment, the transmission delay was reduced by about 12.5%, and the lifetime was increased by approximately 19% over the existing MAC protocol. It also can be seen that the proposed MAC protocol works well in an environment where emergency events often occur.
MISUSE OF TOPICAL CREAMS AIMED AT PREVENTING AND TREATING MELASMA AND FRECKLES AMONG WORKING WOMEN
Authors: Khamanarong Yanin , Laohasiriwong Wongsa , Sakphisutthikul Chutikan
Published: November 2021

Topical creams used to treat and prevent melasma and freckles contain corticosteroids, hydroquinone, mercury, and retinoic to lighten skin color. Misuse of these products and the rate of adverse effects have increased greatly in recent years. This study aims to assess the misuse of topical cream to prevent and treat melasma and freckles among working women in northeast Thailand. Our population consisted of 1,143 working women in the region aged 30-59 years old. The respondents were recruited from four provinces eight districts using a structured questionnaire distributed via a multi-stage random sampling method. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to represent and analyze the data. Eight hundred sixty-two (75.42%) of the respondents were users, and 105 (12.18%) had misused the products. The prevalence of misuse of products containing mercury, steroids, hydroquinone, retinoic acid, and mercury plus retinoic acid was 43.8%, 11.43%, 15.24%, 12.38%, and 17.15%, respectively. Factors associated with misuse of this product were age 30-44 years, education level less than a bachelor’s degree, working as a housekeeper or freelancer, presence of melasma and freckles, average monthly income ≤ 15,000 THB and low levels of knowledge and health literacy. Misuse of medication to treat pigmentary disorders is a growing public health concern. Social media and nonprofit campaigns should be implemented to create awareness of these products' misuse and adverse effects.
MARKETING, HEALTH LITERACY, AND THE USE OF MELASMA AND FRECKLE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT PRODUCTS
Authors: Khamanarong Yanin , Laohasiriwong Wongsa , Sakphisutthikul Chutikan
Published: November 2021

The research goals of this study were to identify the association between marketing and health literacy and the use of products to prevent and treat melasma and freckles among working-age women in northeast Thailand. One thousand one hundred forty-three working-age women were randomly selected using multistage sampling from 4 provinces in northeast Thailand to participate in a self-administered structured questionnaire. A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) evaluated the associations between product use and the studied factors. The majority of respondents (59.49%; 95% CI = 50.09 – 62.33) were current users of these products. Factors associated with product use were adequate to excellent health literacy (adj OR = 2.88, 95% CI = 2.51-3.42, p < 0.001), product marketing (adj OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.59-2.84, p < 0.001), presence of freckles (adj OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.53-2.79, p < 0.001), and melasma (adj OR = 2.05: 95%CI = 1.52-2.67, p < 0.001). The other significant covariates were age 30-44 years (adj OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.78-2.81, p < 0.001), having a bachelor’s degree or higher (adj. OR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.61-2.11, p 0.005), and average monthly income > 15,000 THB (adj. OR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.60-2.91, p < 0.001). About sixty percent of working-age women were current users of melasma and freckle prevention/treatment products. Health literacy and product marketing were positively associated with product use. Other associated factors were facial skin conditions, age, education level, and income. The study findings provide pertinent information to policymakers and the community about implementing educational health literacy programs.
ANOMALY-BASED INTRUSION DETECTION FOR A VEHICLE CAN BUS: A CASE FOR HYUNDAI AVANTE CN7
Authors: Okokpujie Kennedy , Kennedy Grace Chinyere , Nzanzu Vingi Patrick , Molo Mbasa Joaquim , Adetiba Emmanuel , Badejo Joke
Published: November 2021

Flooding, spoofing, replay, and fuzzing are common in various types of attacks faced by enterprises and various network systems. In-vehicle network systems are not immune to attacks and threats. Intrusion detection systems using different algorithms are proposed to enhance the security of the in-vehicle network. We use a dataset provided and collected in "Car Hacking: Attack and Defense Challenge" during 2020. This dataset has been realized by the organizers of the challenge for security researchers. With the aid of this dataset, the work aimed to develop attack and detection techniques of Controller Area Network (CAN) using different algorithms such as support vector machine and Feedforward Neural Network. This research work also provides a comparison of the rendering of these algorithms. Based on experimental results, this work will help future researchers to benchmark their results for the given dataset. The results obtained in this work show that the model selection does not depend only on the model's accuracy that is explained by the accuracy paradox. Therefore, for the overall result accuracy of 62.65%, they show that the support vector machine presents the most satisfying output in terms of precision and recall. The Radial basis kernel gives 65% and 67% precision for fuzzing and flooding and the recall of 64% and 100% for replay and spoofing, respectively.
METHYLENE BLUE REMOVAL THROUGH ADSORPTION OF WATER HYACINTH USING COBALT NANOPARTICLES SUPPORTED ON ACTIVE CARBON
Authors: Elazab Hany A. , Okasha A. O. , Radwan M. A. , El-Idreesy Tamer T. , Sadek M. A.
Published: November 2021

In this research, active carbon-based catalyst synthesis and characterization were investigated for different applications in catalysis. The active carbon-based catalyst was combined with metal oxides to dye methylene blue (MB) removal. Water hyacinth is one of the major problems that facing society and especially in Egypt. One of the implications of industrial activities is environmental pollution. One of the major pollutants is dyes that are used in the production of textiles, paper, and clothes. The waste of those dyes discharged into water supplies without treatment, or ineffective treatment will harmfully impact the environment. In this research, the treatment is implemented using active carbon-based catalysts using embedded nanoparticles. That will lead to a huge increase in the surface area of the adsorbent to increase the adsorbent efficiency. The activated carbon was derived from water hyacinths that grow in the Nile River. Water hyacinth has many good uses as it can absorb heavy metals like lead and dyes. Water hyacinth was converted into activated carbon through carbonization. Different dyes were used with different contact times in fixed conditions.
REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE BY ABSORPTION OF WATER HYACINTH-DERIVED ACTIVATED CARBON EMBEDDED WITH NICKEL NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Elazab Hany A. , Ibrahim Karim T. , Hassan S. A. , Hammam M. M. , Radwan M. A. , El-Idreesy Tamer T. , Sadek M. A.
Published: November 2021

Nanoparticles have proven their dominance in many fields of research in this era. Such dominance resulted from outstanding physical and chemical properties amongst other materials, led to a wide focus from different researchers in various fields to further investigate the role of nanoparticles in various applications from drug delivery systems in medicine to catalysis in chemistry. In this research, active carbon-based catalyst synthesis and characterization were investigated for different applications in catalysis as the catalyst was combined with nickel oxides to be used in dye removal of methylene blue (MB). Water hyacinth is a floating perennial aquatic plant native to tropical and sub-tropical South America. The water hyacinth is one of the fastest-growing plants; it reproduces by way of runners or stolon. Each one can produce thousands of seeds each year, which can survive for more than 28 years. It has been considered as a water purifier and a solution to green water issues. Water hyacinth is used in perfume and cologne products, as well as organic fertilizer. It also absorbs lead, mercury, and carcinogens when used for remediation purposes. As it has amazing biomass, it can be used to produce fuels. Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a carbonaceous, highly porous absorptive medium of a complex structure composed of carbon atoms. It is used in gas purification, gold purification, metal extraction, medicine, sewage treatment, air filters, in gas masks used to purify liquids in many applications, including drinking water and odor removal. This research aims to prepare active carbon derived from water hyacinth and embedded with nickel nanoparticles. The water hyacinth will be converted into active carbon and used as a support for nickel nanoparticles. A comparison between active carbon derived from water hyacinth and activated nickel nanoparticles will be conducted to test the rate of absorbance based on the effect of time, concentration, and kinetic energy.
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS USING COMMERCIAL EPOXY RESINS AND DIFFERENT FILLERS
Authors: Amin Omar A. , Hassan S. A. , Sadek M. A. , Radwan M. A. , Elazab Hany A.
Published: November 2021

Epoxy resins are thermoset polymers that consist of epoxide groups in their molecular structure. It shows many attractive characteristics like strong adhesion, excellent mechanical strength, low shrinkage, excellent insulator, excellent chemical stability for acidic and basic environments, and microbial resistance due to the presence of hydroxyl groups and ether bonds and its three-dimensional structure. Many of these characteristics can be modified by adding strong bindings in the polymeric chain to give more improved characteristics. This research aims to prepare a composite material using epoxy resin and different types of fillers to achieve resistance to high kinetic energy impact. Experimental work is focused on preparing cured epoxy resin samples by using diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) resin with tertiary amine as a hardener. In order to obtain different samples with different properties, we add different types of fillers, then mechanical tests are used to measure the mechanical properties of the samples. The results have proved that fiberglass is the best filler added to epoxy resins to improve its mechanical properties.
THE EFFECT OF EXISTENTIAL INTELLIGENCE, PERSONALITY, AND SELF-DETERMINED MOTIVATION ON PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR: A THEORY-OF-PLANNED-BEHAVIOR-BASED EXAMINATION
Authors: Astuti Susana Adi , Lako Andreas , Utami Margaretha Sih Setija
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of existential intelligence, personality, and self-determined motivation on pro-environmental behavior of students at Adiwiyata schools, also analyzes the variables of a theory of planned behavior (TPB) as the intervening variables. The novelty describes a new idea of predicting pro-environmental behavior, especially among high school students, by integrated analysis of existential intelligence, self-determination motivation and personality, and mediation of planned behavior, which is rarely used. 886 respondents consisted of Adiwiyata high schools students in Semarang City who participated in March-April 2021. The data was analyzed using AMOS-SEM, and the results show that existential intelligence and self-determined motivation positively affect pro-environmental behavior. Meanwhile, the personality of extroverted intuitive thinking judging (ENTJ), extroverted intuitive feeling perceiving (ENFP), extroverted sensing feeling perceiving (ESFP), introverted sensing thinking judging (ISTJ), an introverted intuitive feeling perceiving (INFP) type also has a positive effect on the pro-environmental behavior. Further, attitude, subjective norm (SN), and perceived behavioral control have a significant positive effect in mediating the existential intelligence, self-determined motivation, and personality of ENFP, ESFP, ISTJ, and INFP on the pro-environmental behavior. Meanwhile, the SN does not have a significant effect in mediating the ENTJ personality. In addition, the intention has a significant positive effect in mediating the existential intelligence, self-determined motivation, and personality of ENTJ, ENFP, ESFP, ISTJ, and INFP type on the pro-environmental behavior.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON MENTAL HEALTH AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS
Authors: Sohn Jung Nam
Published: November 2021

This descriptive study provides basic data for developing a mental health promotion program by analyzing the mental health status under the impact of COVID-19 and verifying the factors affecting mental health. This study aims to identify the prevalence and associated factors of mental health after the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey was conducted targeting a total of 156 Korean adults aged 19~64 years. Using the SPSS Win 19.0 program, the frequency, mean, t-test or ANOVA, X2-test, linear regression, and logistic regression analysis were performed. A total of 31.4%, 20.5%, and 12.8% of all subjects classified depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation risk, respectively, and intolerance of uncertainty affected depression (β = .51) and anxiety (β = .63). In addition to intolerance of uncertainty, self-efficacy (β = -.16) was a factor affecting depression. The variables explain 35% of depression and 44% of anxiety. Further, employment status affected suicidal ideation, which increased the risk of suicidal ideation 2.71-fold with unemployed status. This paper is novel because it seeks to find that the intolerance of uncertainty was the common factor affecting mental health during COVID-19. The early detection of risk due to COVID-19 and the intolerance of uncertainty are common factors underlying mental health issues, underscoring the need for cognitive interventions at the individual level and sufficient information and psychological support related to the COVID-19 at the national level.
ANALYSIS OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE-INDUCED N5-NITROGEN MUSTARD FORMAMIDOPYRIMIDINE ADDUCT IN DRIED BLOOD SPOT USING LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY
Authors: Harahap Yahdiana , Tanujaya Athalia Theda , Purwanto Denni Joko
Published: November 2021

Cyclophosphamide is one of the nitrogen mustard agents that is frequently used in cancer chemotherapy. Nevertheless, long-term use of high dosage cyclophosphamide has been proven to increase the risk of secondary cancer. This can be traced by the mutagenic DNA adduct formation, for instance, N5-nitrogen mustard formamidopyrimidine (NM-Fapy-G). Therefore, it may serve as one of the secondary cancer biomarkers in patients receiving cyclophosphamide. Several NM-Fapy-G analysis methods employ Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) developed by experts. However, it was discovered not applicative for patients because cells and tissues were utilized as the biospecimens. Therefore, this summary is presented to emphasize the idea of adopting Dried Blood Spot (DBS) as the blood bio sampling method, DNA extraction and hydrolysis method that is suitable for enriching NM-Fapy-G adduct; and method that is proper for NM-Fapy-G analysis. Based on the literature study, DBS has been proven beneficial for this analysis; DNA can be extracted from the DBS cards using the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit. Therefore, research with a little bit of adjustment can be applied for NM-Fapy-G analysis.
ROLE OF INFORMATION AND ITS IMPACT ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE: STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING (SEM) PERSPECTIVE IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Al-MSloum Abdulnaser S. H.
Published: November 2021

Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) encompasses various forms of computational algorithms, statistical techniques, and mathematical models, which are utilized to fit the constructs of information. SEM tests the hypothesis by utilizing data generated from respondents who are all participated in the intelligence test. This article focuses on the investigation of the relationship between the elements of successive critical factors for management quality (SCEMQ) and business progression (BP). The instrument is adopted to gather primary data from the business organization. In this article, two-step SEM model is incorporated in the investigation of SCEMQ and BP. The article identified seven critical successive elements, namely commitment with top management (CTM), focus on customer (FC), planning of strategic (PS), management of process (MPR), management of people (MP), quality of leadership (QL), and management of supplier (MS), which have a significant role in defining the performance of the business. From this study, it is identified that the quality and information have a huge contribution to the success of business. From the analysis of statistical outcome, significant as well as positive correlation among the critical aspects of business are identified.
THE EFFECT OF SIDE FRICTION ON DELAYS IN ONE-WAY URBAN ROAD SECTIONS
Authors: Mahendra Made , Wicaksono Achmad , Djakfar Ludfi
Published: November 2021

The effect of side friction activities on delays due to the reduced free-flow speed was investigated by conducting a series of traffic surveys and referring to the 1997 Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (IHCM) parameters. The movement of pedestrians, parking/stopping vehicles, vehicles entering and exiting the road, and the slow-and-stop motion of vehicles on the road sections was observed in video footage and analyzed to estimate the effect of side friction on the delays occurring. A weighting factor was used to determine the total value of side friction on the road to test the combined effect of all activities. This study used a regression model for estimating vehicle delays, as a performance parameter, on urban road sections, taking into account the effect of side friction on the road section's vehicle free-flow speed (FFS). It was found that vehicle speed decreased when side friction increased at all levels of traffic volume. Low side friction produced a higher vehicle free-flow speed (FFS), and analysis of the free-flow speed (FV) showed a lower vehicle free-flow speed (FFS) than that in the 1997 IHCM analysis. Delays at undersaturated inseparable one-way road sections (2/1 UD) with low to high side friction were described by the equation: Y = 0.002 X + 0.028 (R2 = 0.704) for Panca Usaha Road, and Y = 0.0022 X + 0.0104 (R2 = 0.774) for Pejanggik Road, where Y = Delay, X = Traffic Flow. The results of the above study indicate the existence of new performance parameters on urban road segment type 2/1 UD in the form of delay, and that can be an early indication as input in the update of IHCM 1997 and other research that the author has done before, as well as other authors who have also written about similar topics about this manual that is more than 20 years old (1997-2021), in analyzing the performance of road networks in Indonesia.
A STUDY OF LOCAL WISDOM, SOCIAL INTEREST, AND PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR IN IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL LEADERSHIP PERFORMANCE
Authors: Constantinus  , Lako Andreas , Haryanti Kristiana
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop a model of environmental leadership in profit-oriented companies. The theoretical basis is strategic thinking which includes cognitive psychology, systems thinking, and games theory to realize the triple bottom line-oriented environmental leadership performance. The study used quantitative methods in all 25 Rural Banks in Semarang City from April to May 2021, which involved 339 respondents consisting of commissioners, directors, managers, supervisors, and executives. The empirical data was analyzed using SEM-AMOS. The models consist of SEM 1: ELP = 0.256 LW + 0.288 SI + 0.138 PEB + e1 (R2 = 0.295); PEB = 0.446 LW + 0.094 SI + e2 (R2 = 0.247). The paper is novel because it seeks to contribute to the current debate in the literature about what factors affect the performance of environmental leadership. The other novelty of this research is a comprehensive model consisting of local wisdom, social interest, and pro-environmental behavior to improve environmental leadership performance. Based on this model, there is empirical evidence that environmental leadership performance (ELP) can be improved by increasing the combination of local wisdom (LW), social interest (SI), and pro-environmental behavior (PEB). The study also provides novelty that PEB mediates significantly positive the effect of LW on ELP, but PEB only mediates the effect of SI on ELP positively but not significantly. This study offers practical and theoretical implications, providing recommendations for Rural Banks to implement the environmental leadership models that include local wisdom and social interest, and an empirical confirmation of the environmental leadership model by combining strategic thinking and the triple bottom line for the development of literature and psychological assessment materials. Similarly, this study also provides policy implications. It is useful to evaluate and improve several regulations and leadership standards in Rural Bank to realize sustainable finance and evaluate psychological requirements based on the environmental leadership models.
AN INVESTIGATION TURBULENCE MODEL OF STANDARD k- TO GET OPTIMUM PARAMETERS OF TURBULENCE CONSTANTS (cµ, c1, AND c2) OF COMPRESSIBLE FLUID DYNAMICS IN A CONFINED JET
Authors: Siswantara A. I. , Pujowidodo H. , Budiyanto M. A. , Gunadi G. G. Ramdlan , Widiawaty C. D.
Published: November 2021

This research aims to find the optimal standard k-e turbulence model constants (cµ, c1e, and c2e) for better predicting compressible fluid dynamics in an air jet ejector. The turbulence field in a jet flow plays an important role in influencing the performance of the momentum transfer process at a shear layer in nozzle application for momentum source and mixing process. In this research, some activities have been done before analyzing and optimizing the turbulence model constants, including preliminary turbulence modeling study for compressible flow in the air-jet ejector, verification, and validation with primary experimental data as well as by other secondary data. The preliminary studies in turbulence modeling presented that the turbulence modeling of a 3mm air jet-ejector resulted in a similar trend of the relation between entrainment ratio and motive fluid pressure. The results showed that the sensitive parameters in the standard k-emodel dissipation and diffusion terms, cµ, c1e, and c2e, strongly affected the optimum value of turbulence kinetic energy (k) and dissipation rate (e), compared to the reference model. Better k and e could be obtained by changing the c2e into positively proportional, but the cµ and c1e must be changed with opposite proportionality. It was found that the optimum standard k-e model constants in the case of air-jet ejector with 3 mm nozzle diameter for cµ, c1e, and c2e are 0.05, 1.48, and 1.88, respectively, with the error values for k being -8.88% and e being -17.44%.
BUILDING A DYNAMIC SCALABLE PARALLEL CLOUD-BASED SNORT NIDS USING CONTAINERS AND BIG DATA
Authors: Astika S. Ferry , Jauhari M. , Isbatuzzin N. , Salman M. , Ramli Kalamullah
Published: November 2021

Snort is one of the well-known signature-based network intrusion detection systems (NIDS). The Snort sensor placement must be in the same physical network. The defense center in the typical NIDS architecture cause limited network coverage to be monitored, especially for remote networks with restricted bandwidth and network policy. Moreover, the increasing number of sensor instances, followed by a rapid increase in log data volume, caused the existing system to face Big data challenges. This research paper aims to propose a novel design of cloud-based Snort NIDS using containers and implementing Big data in the defense center to overcome these problems. Our design consists of Docker as the sensor's platform, Apache Kafka as the distributed messaging system, and various big data technology orchestrated on lambda architecture. Experiments are conducted to measure sensor deployment, optimum message delivery from sensors to the defense center, and aggregation speed, and data processing performance efficiency on the defense center. In summary, we successfully developed a cloud-based Snort NIDS and found the optimum message delivery method from the sensor to the defense center. Our design also represents the first report on implementing the Big data architecture, namely lambda architecture, to the defense center as a part of a network security monitoring platform.
STUDENTS’ READINESS FOR E-LEARNING: A CASE STUDY OF STUDENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Nurdin
Published: November 2021

The process of e-learning is the operations that involve humans, computers, the Internet, and instructional material and produce the outputs to learners and the organization. This research aimed to study students' readiness for e-learning of graduate students in IAIN Kendari, Indonesia. The research sample consisted of 168 graduate students who were selected purposively. The questionnaire was adapted from Watkins and interviewing 10% of the sample group was conducted to collect the data. The research findings showed that the students were ready for the e-learning, as shown by the overall mean score is 3.72, which is above Mo = 3.40. Due to the low means of statistical calculation, three important items need to be improved, such as Students' household distraction reduction, students' comfort to be involved in multiple online discussions, and students' ability to take notes during online discussions, should be considered. Based on the interview, some challenges met during online learning that reduced students' readiness were unstable internet connection, lecturer's presence on screen, inconducive learning environment, and inability to be a multitasker. Hence, it is recommended that the university and students discuss to improve students' readiness in motivation and technology access.
ROCK SLOPE SURFACE STABILITY ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY ON HON LON ISLAND, KIEN HAI DISTRICT, KIEN GIANG PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: Vu Ngoc Binh , Phi Truong Thanh , Nguyen Thanh Cong , Phi Hong Thinh , Pham Quy Nhan , Do Manh Tuan , Van Duc Tung
Published: November 2021

The research aimed to study 24 rock slope surfaces along the road around Hon Lon Island, Kien Hai district, Kien Giang province, Vietnam. The analytical results have determined slope failure, wedge failure, and toppling, which occurred on almost slope surface and the average percentage of plane failure is the largest. The average percent of plane failure is 19.23%, the wedge failure is 15.35%, and the toppling fault is 6.73%. Besides, the analytical results have also identified the slope surfaces which can be the key blocks: ND-13, 18, 23, 25, 34, 37, 45, 51, 62, 63. The other analytical results show that the existence of key blocks at the rock slope surfaces in the N-S direction, dip to E at the survey locations: ND-13, 23, 63 and dip to W at the survey locations: ND-37, 45; in the NE-SW direction, dip to SE at the survey locations: ND-15, 62 and dip to NW at the survey locations: ND-18, 34; in the NW-SE direction, dip to SW at the survey location ND-51. These results have important significance to support for protecting slope surface safety.