bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Over‐expression of EDAG in the myeloid cell line 32D: Induction of GATA‐1 expression and erythroid/megakaryocytic phenotype
Authors: Ding Ya‐li , Xu Cheng‐Wang , Wang Zhi‐Dong , Zhan Yi‐Qun , Li Wei , Xu Wang‐Xiang , Yu Miao , Ge Chang‐Hui , Li Chang‐Yan , Yang Xiao‐Ming
Published: April 2010

Erythroid differentiation‐associated gene (EDAG), a hematopoietic tissue‐specific transcription regulator, plays a key role in maintaining the homeostasis of hematopoietic lineage commitment. However, the mechanism and genes regulated by EDAG remain unknown. In this study, we showed that overexpression of EDAG in a myeloid cell line 32D led to an erythroid phenotype with increased number of benzidine‐positive cells and up‐regulation of erythroid specific surface marker TER119. The megakaryocytic specific marker CD61 was also induced significantly. Using a genome‐wide microarray analysis and a twofold change cutoff, we identified 332 genes with reduced expression and 288 genes with increased expression. Among up‐regulation genes, transcription factor GATA‐1 and its target genes including EKLF, NF‐E2, Gfi‐1b, hemogen, SCL, hemoglobin alpha, beta and megakaryocytic gene GPIX were increased. Silencing of EDAG by RNA interference in K562 cells resulted in down‐regulation of these genes. Taken together, EDAG functions as a positive regulator of erythroid/megakaryocytic differentiation in 32D cells associated with the induction of GATA‐1 and its target genes. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 866–874, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multidimensional assessment of OCD: integration and revision of the vancouver obsessional‐compulsive inventory and the symmetry ordering and arranging questionnaire
Authors: Gönner Sascha , Ecker Willi , Leonhart Rainer , Limbacher Klaus
Published: April 2010

This article reports on the integration and revision of two self‐report measures of obsessive‐compulsive symptoms based on data from an obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) sample (n=228): the Vancouver Obsessional‐Compulsive Inventory (VOCI) and the Symmetry Ordering and Arranging Questionnaire (SOAQ). The revised measure provides scores on five symptom subscales (Contamination, Checking, Hoarding, Symmetry and Ordering, Obsessions). It shows improvement upon current versions in several ways: it has a good model fit, eliminates redundancy, reduces overlap across subscales, is much shorter, and covers those OCD dimensions most frequently identified in factor‐analytic studies. Strengths of the revision compared with other measures are high distinctiveness of subscales, discriminant validity with depression and anxiety, and a more fine‐grained and comprehensive assessment of obsessional contents. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: 66:1–19, 2010.
Factors associated with voice therapy outcomes in the treatment of presbyphonia
Authors: Mau Ted , Jacobson Barbara H. , Garrett C. Gaelyn
Published: April 2010

Objectives/Hypothesis:

Age, vocal fold atrophy, glottic closure pattern, and the burden of medical problems are associated with voice therapy outcomes for presbyphonia.

Study Design:

Retrospective.

Methods:

Records of patients seen over a 3‐year period at a voice center were screened. Inclusion criteria consisted of age over 55 years, primary complaint of hoarseness, presence of vocal fold atrophy on examination, and absence of laryngeal or neurological pathology. Videostroboscopic examinations on initial presentation were reviewed. Voice therapy outcomes were assessed with the American Speech‐Language‐Hearing Association National Outcomes Measurement System scale. Statistical analysis was performed with Spearman rank correlation and χ2 tests.

Results:

Sixty‐seven patients were included in the study. Of the patients, 85% demonstrated improvement with voice therapy. The most common type of glottic closure consisted of a slit gap. Gender or age had no effect on voice therapy outcomes. Larger glottic gaps on initial stroboscopy examination and more pronounced vocal fold atrophy were weakly correlated with less improvement from voice therapy. A weak correlation was also found between the number of chronic medical conditions and poorer outcomes from voice therapy.

Conclusions:

The degree of clinician‐determined improvement in vocal function from voice therapy is independent of patient age but is influenced by the degree of vocal fold atrophy, glottic closure pattern, and the patient's burden of medical problems. Laryngoscope, 2010
Static and dynamic characteristics of short wavy journal bearings
Authors: Meena Leela , Gautam Satyam Shivam , Ghosh Mihir Kumar
Published: April 2010

A general analysis has been done to investigate the static and dynamic performance of short wavy journal bearing. Reynolds equation is solved for both steady‐ and unsteady‐state operations. The steady‐state analysis has been done and compared with circular bearing with respect to their load capacity, flow rate, pressure distribution and friction factor. The unsteady‐state analysis has been used to determine the rotor dynamic coefficients for various eccentricity ratios. These coefficients are used to determine the stability parameters, such as critical mass and whirl ratio, and prove that wave bearing has not only better load carrying capacity but also provides better stability at high speed than circular bearing. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication and tribological properties of HSS‐based self‐lubrication composites with an interpenetrating network
Authors: Wang Yanjun , Liu Zuomin , Wang Shouren , Yang Liying
Published: April 2010

A new range of high‐speed steel (HSS)‐based self‐lubrication composites, with an interpenetrating network, were fabricated by infiltrating Pb‐Sn‐Ag ternary solid lubricants into TiC‐reinforced HSS pre‐forms. The microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated before and after infiltration. The tribological behaviour of the composites was investigated using a pin‐on‐disk, high temperature wear testing machine at different temperature (up to 800°C). Analysis indicated that Pb‐Sn‐Ag solid lubricants were well dispersed and embedded in the TiC‐HSS matrix where both solid lubricant phase and matrix phase interpenetrating throughout the microstructure. The friction coefficient and specific wear rate of the composites decreased with the increase of the volume fraction of Pb‐Sn‐Ag solid lubricants up to 15 vol%. With further increases in Pb‐Sn‐Ag volume fraction, the friction coefficient decreased slightly while the wear rate increased rapidly. The reason is that a large degradation of mechanical properties occurred in samples with high Pb‐Sn‐Ag contents. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analytical strategies for discriminating archeological fatty substances from animal origin
Authors: Regert M.
Published: April 2010

Mass spectrometry (MS) is an essential tool in the field of biomolecular archeology to characterize amorphous organic residues preserved in ancient ceramic vessels. Animal fats of various nature and origin, namely subcutaneous fats of cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, and also of dairy products, are those most commonly identified in organic residues in archeological pottery. Fats and oils of marine origin have also been revealed. Since the first applications of MS coupled with gas chromatography (GC) in archeology at the end of 1980s, several developments have occurred, including isotopic determinations by GC coupled to isotope ratio MS and identification of triacylglycerols (TAGs) structure by soft ionization techniques (ESI and APCI). The combination of these methods provides invaluable insights into the strategies of exploitation of animal products in prehistory. In this review, I focus on the analytical strategies based upon MS that allow elucidation of the structure of biomolecular constituents and determination of their isotopic values to identify the nature of animal fat components preserved in highly complex and degraded archeological matrices. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 30:177–220, 2011
Metabolic changes detected in vivo by 1H MRS in the MPTP‐intoxicated mouse
Authors: Chassain Carine , Bielicki Guy , Keller Cécile , Renou Jean‐Pierre , Durif Franck
Published: April 2010

We used in vivo proton (1H) Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) to measure the levels of the main excitatory amino acid, glutamate (Glu) and also glutamine (Gln) and GABA in the striatum and cerebral cortex in the MPTP‐intoxicated mouse, a model of dopaminergic denervation, before and after dopamine (DA) replacement. The study was performed at 9.4T on control mice (n = 8) and MPTP‐intoxicated mice (n = 8). In vivo spectra were acquired in a voxel (8 µL) centered in the striatum, and in the cortex (4.6 µL). Three days after basal MRS acquisitions new spectra were acquired in the striatum and cortex, after levodopa (200 mg.kg−1). Glu, Gln and GABA concentrations obtained in the basal state were significantly increased in the striatum of MPTP‐lesioned mice (Glu: 20.2 ± 0.8 vs 11.4 ± 0.9 mM, p < 0.001; Gln: 5.4 ± 1.6 vs 2.0 ± 0.6 mM, p < 0.05; GABA: 3.6 ± 0.8 vs 1.6 ± 0.2 mM, p < 0.05). Levodopa lowered metabolites concentrations in the striatum of MPTP‐lesioned mice (Glu: 20.2 ± 0.8 vs 11.2 ± 0.4 mM (+ Ldopa), p < 0.001; Gln: 5.4 ± 1.6 vs 1.6 ± 0.4 mM (+ Ldopa), p < 0.05; GABA: 3.6 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 0.4 mM (+ Ldopa), p < 0.01). Metabolite levels in the striatum of MPTP‐intoxicated mice + levodopa were not significantly different from those in the striatum of controls. No change was found in the cortex after DA denervation and after DA replacement between the two animals groups. These results strongly support a predominant change in striatal Glu synaptic activity in the cortico‐striatal pathway. Acute levodopa administration reverses the increase of metabolites in the striatum. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The use of combined ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of fetal anomalies
Authors: Santos Xiomara M. , Papanna Ramesha , Johnson Anthony , Cass Darrell L. , Olutoye Oluyinka O. , Moise Kenneth J. , Belleza‐Bascon Bella , Cassady Christopher I.
Published: April 2010

Objective

To compare the referral diagnosis based on prenatal ultrasound to diagnoses made following combined ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation at the Texas Children's Fetal Center (TCFC) and postnatal diagnosis.

Methods

We performed a retrospective review of patients referred to the TCFC between September 2001 and July 2007 with a fetal structural malformation. Data were abstracted to compare the referral diagnosis to TCFC imaging diagnoses and both were compared to postnatal diagnosis.

Results

Two hundred and twenty‐four patients were referred who had a fetal US and MRI at TCFC. The most frequent indications were for abnormalities of the central nervous system (38%) and lung/thoracic cavity (34%), with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) the single most common referral diagnosis (n = 39; 17%). In 99 cases (42.7%) the referral diagnosis was concordant with the post‐referral diagnosis, however, in 68 cases (29.3%) the post‐referral diagnosis changed completely, and in 65 cases (28%) additional findings were discovered. Prenatal diagnoses following imaging at TCFC were concordant with postnatal diagnoses in 94.9% of cases.

Conclusions

Combined ultrasound and MRI provides additional diagnostic information or a corrected diagnosis in 57% of cases over the referral ultrasound diagnosis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The NTplus method of screening for Down syndrome: achieving the 2010 targets?
Authors: Habayeb Osama , Goodburn Sandy , Chudleigh Trish , Brockelsby Jeremy , Missfelder‐Lobos Hannah , Hackett Gerald , Lees Christoph
Published: April 2010

Introduction

The performance of pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A) as a first trimester trisomy 21 marker is hypothesized to improve below 11 weeks, whereas β‐human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is better after 14 weeks. We audited a model combining early PAPP‐A (9–10 weeks) with NT (11–13 weeks and 6 days) and early triple test (>14 weeks).

Methods

A total of 1507 women with viable ongoing pregnancies were screened during 2007–2008. First‐stage ‘screen‐positive’ risk was based on combined PAPP‐A and NT cut‐off ≥1 : 100. Where first‐stage risk was <1 : 100 or invasive testing declined, triple test was performed and a combined second‐stage risk given with cut‐off ≥1 : 250 being screen positive.

Results

Median age of women was 35.4 years. Sixty‐four (4.2%) were ‘screen positive’. Of these, 11 had a fetus with trisomy 21. Twelve pregnancies were affected with trisomy 21, giving a detection rate of 11/12 (92%) with a false‐positive rate (FPR) of 3.2%. The screen‐positive rate (SPR) and FPR were 1.93 and 1.44%, respectively, standardized to median maternal age 29.

Conclusions

Early PAPP‐A, NT and later triple testing offers comparable detection for trisomy 21 to published data for first trimester combined testing but feasibly achieve the national target for 2010 of 90% detection of trisomy 21 for < 2% SPR. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ozarelix, a fourth generation GnRH antagonist, induces apoptosis in hormone refractory androgen receptor negative prostate cancer cells modulating expression and activity of death receptors
Authors: Festuccia Claudio , Dondi Donatella , Piccolella Margherita , Locatelli Alessia , Gravina Giovanni Luca , Tombolini Vincenzo , Motta Marcella
Published: April 2010

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Antagonistic or agonistic analogues of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone are extensively used for the treatment of advanced hormone‐dependent prostate cancer. However, the majority of recurrent prostate tumors is androgen independent. This study explored the in vitro effects on DU145 and PC3 cell lines, two models of androgen‐independent prostate cancer, of a fourth generation GnRH antagonist (Ozarelix).

METHODS

Ozarelix was added to cultures and toxicity, cell cycle modifications, cell viability and caspase activity were investigated.

RESULTS

Ozarelix showed antiproliferative effects and produced an accumulation of cells in G2/M cell cycle phase. Apoptosis was related with caspase‐8‐dependent caspase 3 activation with down‐regulation of c‐FLIP (L) and a sensitization to TRAIL‐induced apoptosis linked also to increased expression and activity of death receptors DR4/5 and Fas.

CONCLUSIONS

TRAIL‐resistant cancer cells can be sensitized to TRAIL by Ozarelix. This effect may be achieved by the activation of apoptotic pathway improving the therapeutic effects in androgen independent tumor cell lines. However, a better understanding of molecular mechanisms by which GnRH antagonists may act in androgen independent models is necessary. Prostate 70:1340–1349, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allosteric effects of the antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine on the energetics of calcium binding by calmodulin
Authors: Feldkamp Michael D. , O'Donnell Susan E. , Yu Liping , Shea Madeline A.
Published: April 2010

Trifluoperazine (TFP; Stelazine™) is an antagonist of calmodulin (CaM), an essential regulator of calcium‐dependent signal transduction. Reports differ regarding whether, or where, TFP binds to apo CaM. Three crystallographic structures (1CTR, 1A29, and 1LIN) show TFP bound to (Ca2+)4‐CaM in ratios of 1, 2, or 4 TFP per CaM. In all of these, CaM domains adopt the “open” conformation seen in CaM‐kinase complexes having increased calcium affinity. Most reports suggest TFP also increases calcium affinity of CaM. To compare TFP binding to apo CaM and (Ca2+)4‐CaM and explore differential effects on the N‐ and C‐domains of CaM, stoichiometric TFP titrations of CaM were monitored by15N‐HSQC NMR. Two TFP bound to apo CaM, whereas four bound to (Ca2+)4‐CaM. In both cases, the preferred site was in the C‐domain. During the titrations, biphasic responses for some resonances suggested intersite interactions. TFP‐binding sites in apo CaM appeared distinct from those in (Ca2+)4‐CaM. In equilibrium calcium titrations at defined ratios of TFP:CaM, TFP reduced calcium affinity at most levels tested; this is similar to the effect of many IQ‐motifs on CaM. However, at the highest level tested, TFP raised the calcium affinity of the N‐domain of CaM. A model of conformational switching is proposed to explain how TFP can exert opposing allosteric effects on calcium affinity by binding to different sites in the “closed,” “semi‐open,” and “open” domains of CaM. In physiological processes, apo CaM, as well as (Ca2+)4‐CaM, needs to be considered a potential target of drug action. Proteins 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Improving the coordination efficiency of limited‐communication multi–autonomus underwater vehicle operations using a multiagent architecture
Authors: Sotzing Christopher C. , Lane David M.
Published: April 2010

This research addresses the problem of coordinating multiple autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) operations. An intelligent mission executive has been created that uses multiagent technology to control and coordinate multiple AUVs in communication‐deficient environments. By incorporating real‐time vehicle prediction, blackboard‐based hierarchical mission plans, mission optimization, and a distributed multiagent–based paradigm in conjunction with a simple broadcast communication system, this research aims to handle the limitations inherent in underwater operations, namely poor communication, and intelligently control multiple vehicles. In this research, efficiency is evaluated and then compared to the current state of the art in multiple AUV control. The research is then validated in real AUV coordination trials. Results will show that compared to the state of the art, the control system developed and implemented in this research coordinates multiple vehicles more efficiently and is able to function in a range of poor communication environments. These findings are supported by in‐water validation trials with heterogeneous AUVs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Managerial decision making and firm performance under a resource‐based paradigm
Authors: Kunc Martin H. , Morecroft John D. W.
Published: April 2010

A framework is presented that connects managerial decision making to resource building and firm performance. The framework takes a behavioral view of decision making and distinguishes two distinct decision‐making processes. First there is the creative conceptualization of new resource configurations that are intended to deliver competitive advantage. Then there is the painstaking development of resources required to implement strategy. We argue that heterogeneity in the resources of rival firms arises from the interplay of these two processes: resource conceptualization and resource development. Heterogeneity spawns performance differences that can be explained ex ante from characteristics of managerial decision‐making processes. We illustrate the approach in a simulated decision‐making environment representing a highly competitive and dynamically complex industry. Results from repeated simulation experiments conducted with executive and MBA students show vast differences in performance among firms, even when they started with identical resource positions. In a departure from traditional resource‐based literature, we explain how these differences stem from path dependent accumulation of resources and spontaneous variety in the way rivals conceptualize resources. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The captive husbandry and reproduction of the pink‐eared turtle (Emydura victoriae) at Perth Zoo
Authors: Gaikhorst G.S. , Clarke B.R. , McPharlin M. , Larkin B. , McLaughlin J. , Mayes J.
Published: April 2010

In 1997, Perth Zoo acquired six pink‐eared turtles (Emydura victoriae) from the wild for display in the reptile facility. There is very little documented information on pink‐eared turtles in captivity. This article looks at the reproductive biology, ecology, behavior, diet, and captive husbandry of the species. Eight clutches of eggs were documented over a 2‐year period with an average clutch size of 10 eggs. Egg size was recorded with three clutches incubated to hatching. Ten hatchlings were maintained for a growth and development study. Measurements of weight, carapace length, width, height, and plastron length were recorded weekly for about 12 months, and then monthly for approximately 2 years. The data were analyzed and showed positive growth curves in all animals. Sexual dimorphism was observed after 20 weeks and sexual maturity in males observed after 2 years. Zoo Biol 30:79–94, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mechanical and Abrasive Wear Studies on Biobased Jatropha Oil Cake Incorporated Glass–Epoxy Composites
Authors: Satheesh Kumar M. N. , Yaakob Z. , Mohan N. , Siddaramaiah  , Kumaresh Babu S. P.
Published: April 2010

An investigation was made to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of jatropha oil cake (JOC) alone and in combination with silicon carbide (SiC) on the mechanical and tribological wear behaviour of glass fabric–epoxy (GE) composites. A vacuum‐assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM) technique was employed to obtain a series of GE composites containing different fillers viz., silicon carbide, jatropha oil cake and a mixture of SiC and JOC. The effect of different loads (22 and 32 N) and abrading distances from 135 to 540 m on the performance of the wear resistance of the composites were measured. The mechanical properties such as tensile behaviour and hardness of the composites were evaluated. A linear relationship was found between the wear volume loss and the abrading distances. The JOC filled GE composite exhibited a lower specific wear rate by 6 and 10% at 540 m abrading distance for a load of 22 and 32 N, respectively, as compared to that of unfilled GE composites. The worn surface features of unfilled and filled GE composites were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Breast cancer cell survival signal is affected by bergapten combined with an ultraviolet irradiation
Authors: Panno Maria Luisa , Giordano Francesca , Mastroianni Fabrizia , Palma M. Grazia , Bartella Viviana , Carpino Amalia , Aquila Saveria , Andò Sebastiano
Published: April 2010

B induced a lowering of PI3K/AKT survival signal in MCF‐7 cells even in presence of IGF‐I stimulation. Furthermore, B and in a higher extent, PUVA up‐regulated the p53 mRNA and the protein content. An increased co‐association between p21 WAF and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) has been observed in PUVA‐treated MCF‐7 cells, thus inhibiting DNA replication. These results highlight how B, and its photoactivated compound, exert antiproliferative effects and induce apoptotic responses in breast cancer cells.
Glacial Paleoceanography off the Mouth of the Mekong River, Southern South China Sea, During the last 500 ka
Authors: Li Qianyu , Zheng Fan , Chen Muhong , Xiang Rong , Qiao Peijun , Shao Lei , Cheng Xinrong
Published: April 2010

We have analyzed core MD01-2392, ∽360 km east of the Mekong River mouth in the South China Sea (SCS). Over the past 500 ka, planktonic foraminiferal oxygen-isotopic values are consistently lighter than northern SCS and open-ocean records by up to 0.5‰, indicating the influence of run-off from the Mekong River during both glacial and interglacial periods. Carbonate content is higher during interglacials; sedimentation rates were higher during glacials. Increased sedimentation rates since 30 ka imply increased run-off during the last glacial maximum and Holocene Period. Contrary to general experience, in which it is classed as a warm species for temperature estimates, the thermocline-dwelling species Pulleniatina obliquiloculata increased its numbers during glacial periods. This implies an estuarine circulation and even brackish-water caps during glacial periods, reinforcing the sense of strong run-off. In an overall decline of warm water, the thermocline shoaled stepwise, with rapid rises across the glacial terminations. We infer that the southern SCS was opened to an influx of Indian Ocean waters through southern passages at those times of rising sea levels.
Reading the Principia
Authors: Guicciardini Niccolò
Published: April 2010

Isaac Newton's Principia is considered one of the masterpieces in the history of science. The mathematical methods employed by Newton in the Principia stimulated much debate among his contemporaries, especially Leibniz, Huygens, Bernoulli and Euler, who debated their merits and drawbacks. Among the questions they asked were: How should natural philosophy be mathematized?; Is it legitimate to use uninterpreted symbols?; Is it possible to depart from the established Archimedean or Galilean/Huygenian tradition of geometrizing nature?; What is the value of elegance and conciseness?; What is the relation between Newton's geometrical methods and the calculus? This book explains how Newton addressed these issues, taking into consideration the values that directed the research of Newton and his contemporaries. This book will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in departments of history of science, philosophy of science, physics, mathematics and astronomy.
Birth of the Leviathan
Authors: Ertman Thomas
Published: April 2010

For many years scholars have sought to explain why the European states which emerged in the period before the French Revolution developed along such different lines. Why did some become absolutist and others constitutionalist? What enabled some to develop bureaucratic administrative systems, while others remained dependent upon patrimonial practices? This book presents a new theory of state-building in medieval and early modern Europe. Ertman argues that two factors - the organisation of local government at the time of state formation and the timing of sustained geo-military competition - can explain most of the variation in political regimes and in state infrastructures found across the continent during the second half of the eighteenth century. Drawing on insights developed in historical sociology, comparative politics, and economic history, this book makes a compelling case for the value of interdisciplinary approaches to the study of political development.
Peasant Farming in Muscovy
Authors: Smith Robert Ernest Frederick
Published: April 2010

This comprehensive study of farming methods and agrarian organization in Russia before the time of Peter the Great shifts the emphasis from the great estates to the basic production unit, the peasant family farms, and uses archaeological and enthnographic materials to supplement the documentary evidence. The methods of production and the farm implements used are described in detail and Professor Smith argues that features inherent in peasant farming account for Russian backwardness during this period. Part I classifies and describes the range of agrarian activities carried on in Muscovy - arable farming, hayfields, livestock, and gathering from the forest - and presents a model of a hypothetical farm unit; Part II examines three regions -Moscow, Toropets and Kazan - which stretch across central European Russia; and Part III provides a chapter on the relationship between peasant farming and the state.
Canada and the Transition to Commonwealth
Authors: Wigley Philip G.
Published: April 2010

This book studies the relations between Britain and Canada from the end of the First World War to the Imperial Conference of 1926. It is concerned principally with the problems of imperial co-operation and consultation in foreign affairs and defence policy, and with the pressures developing out of these problems to reformulate the constitutional relations of Britain and her dominions. In the course of examining Canadian attempts to redefine empire–commonwealth relationships this book also throws fresh light on the evolution of British attitudes to the dominions during these years. Often there were serious policy disagreements in Whitehall - the Colonial Office preferring to conciliate, the Foreign Office to challenge the overseas governments - and Dr Wigley, with close attention to official and private papers, shows clearly that developments in this period owed far more to Britain's own responses and priorities than has been previously realised.
Beyond Marx and Tito
Authors: Zukin Sharon
Published: April 2010

In this study Dr Zukin combines the approaches of a political scientist and a sociologist to examine the distance between theory and practice in the lives of ordinary Yugoslavs living under socialist self-management. Going beyond previous work on socialist societies, she asks how Yugoslavs - as workers, as citizens and as a society - have benefited from the form of socialism that they have pioneered. She also considers the relevance of the official ideology of self-management, institutions like workers' councils and communes, and political and economic controls to post-industrial as well as industrializing societies. The book includes long passages from intensive, in-depth interviews with members of ten Belgrade families. The families, which are described in terms of their place in the Yugoslav social structure, indicate their political and socialist ideology through telling their life stories, interpreting their own place in social changes, and reacting to these changes and pressures. Participant-observation of local voters meetings provides an examination of give-and-take in Yugoslav grass-roots politics.
Convexity
Authors: Eggleston H. G.
Published: April 2010

This account of convexity includes the basic properties of convex sets in Euclidean space and their applications, the theory of convex functions and an outline of the results of transformations and combinations of convex sets. It will be useful for those concerned with the many applications of convexity in economics, the theory of games, the theory of functions, topology, geometry and the theory of numbers.
The Object Primer
Authors: Ambler Scott W.
Published: April 2010

Scott Ambler, award-winning author of Building Object Applications that Work, Process Patterns, and More Process Patterns, has revised his acclaimed first book, The Object Primer. Long prized in its original edition by both students and professionals as the best introduction to object-oriented technology, this book has all modeling notation rewritten in UML 2.0. All chapters have been revised to take advantage of Agile Modeling (AM), which is presented in the new chapter 2 along with other important modeling techniques. Review questions at the end of each chapter allow readers to test their newly acquired knowledge. In addition, the author takes time to reflect on the lessons learned over the past few years by discussing the proven benefits and drawbacks of the technology. This is the perfect book for any software development professional or student seeking an introduction to the concepts and terminology of object technology.
Popular Opinion in Stalin's Russia
Authors: Davies Sarah
Published: April 2010

Between 1934 and 1941 Stalin unleashed what came to be known as the 'Great Terror' against millions of Soviet citizens. The same period also saw the 'Great Retreat', the repudiation of many of the aspirations of the Russian Revolution. The response of ordinary Russians to the extraordinary events of this time has been obscure. Sarah Davies's study uses NKVD and party reports, letters and other evidence to show that, despite propaganda and repression, dissonant public opinion was not extinguished. The people continued to criticise Stalin and the Soviet regime, and complain about particular policies. The book examines many themes, including attitudes towards social and economic policy, the terror, and the leader cult, shedding light on a hugely important part of Russia's social, political, and cultural history.
Elements of Numerical Methods for Compressible Flows
Authors: Knight Doyle D.
Published: April 2010

The purpose of this 2006 book is to present the basic elements of numerical methods for compressible flows. It is appropriate for advanced undergraduate and graduate students and specialists working in high speed flows. The focus is on the unsteady one-dimensional Euler equations which form the basis for numerical algorithms in compressible fluid mechanics. The book is restricted to the basic concepts of finite volume methods, and even in this regard is not intended to be exhaustive in its treatment. Although the practical applications of the one-dimensional Euler equations are limited, virtually all numerical algorithms for inviscid compressible flow in two and three dimensions owe their origin to techniques developed in the context of the one-dimensional Euler equations. The author believes it is therefore essential to understand the development and implementation of these algorithms in their original one-dimensional context. The text is supplemented by numerous end-of-chapter exercises.
Complex Algebraic Surfaces
Authors: Beauville Arnaud
Published: April 2010

Developed over more than a century, and still an active area of research today, the classification of algebraic surfaces is an intricate and fascinating branch of mathematics. In this book Professor Beauville gives a lucid and concise account of the subject, following the strategy of F. Enriques, but expressed simply in the language of modern topology and sheaf theory, so as to be accessible to any budding geometer. This volume is self contained and the exercises succeed both in giving the flavour of the extraordinary wealth of examples in the classical subject, and in equipping the reader with most of the techniques needed for research.
Kant and the Claims of Knowledge
Authors: Guyer Paul
Published: April 2010

This book offers a radically new account of the development and structure of the central arguments of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason: the defense of the objective validity of such categories as substance, causation, and independent existence. Paul Guyer makes far more extensive use than any other commentator of historical materials from the years leading up to the publication of the Critique and surrounding its revision, and he shows that the work which has come down to us is the result of some striking and only partially resolved theoretical tensions. Kant had originally intended to demonstrate the validity of the categories by exploiting what he called 'analogies of appearance' between the structure of self-knowledge and our knowledge of objects. The idea of a separate 'transcendental deduction', independent from the analysis of the necessary conditions of empirical judgements, arose only shortly before publication of the Critique in 1781, and distorted much of Kant's original inspiration. Part of what led Kant to present this deduction separately was his invention of a new pattern of argument - very different from the 'transcendental arguments' attributed by recent interpreters to Kant - depending on initial claims to necessary truth.
Der Markus-Stoff Bei Lukas
Authors: Schramm Tim
Published: April 2010

Recent research on the Gospel of Luke has concentrated largely on the assumption that Mark's Gospel was Luke's exclusive source for the Markan tradition, and has therefore concluded that all deviations from Mark's Gospel within the Markan material used by Luke can be considered as Luke's own contribution. In this detailed analysis Dr Schramm points out that, in addition to his use of the Gospel of Mark in its extant form, Luke also drew on other oral or written traditions and concludes that where Luke shortened, augmented or modified his main source this was frequently due to the influence of variant traditions and should not in all cases be regarded as evidence of Luke's own theology. These conclusions show the necessity for a reconsideration of certain aspects of the so-called Lukan question and that 'Redaktionsgeschichte' must be more strongly linked with literary criticism.
Measuring the Mind
Authors: Wooldridge Adrian
Published: April 2010

The central claim of Measuring the Mind is that, contrary to popular opinion, the psychologists who dominated educational policy-making between the wars were educational progressives and political radicals. They argued that education should reflect the requirements of children rather than the convenience of adults, and regarded intelligence testing as an instrument of child-centred education. These psychologists owed their political inspiration to the meritocratic ideal and lost popularity with the waning of this ideal after the war. Four main themes dominate the discussion: the emergence of educational psychology as a distinct discipline; the recent history of ideas about children's mental development; the role of experts in formulating educational policy; and the rise and fall of the measurement of merit.
Subverting Scotland's Past
Authors: Kidd Colin
Published: April 2010

This book examines how the dramatic intellectual developments of the Scottish Enlightenment undermined a patriotic reading of Scotland's history, and shows how this had long-term consequences in the failure of the nineteenth-century Scottish intelligentsia to mount a nationalist movement comparable to the romantic nationalisms of other European peoples. The volume sheds fresh light on several important areas of Scottish history and literature: on the parliamentary Union with England of 1707, the ideological conflicts between whigs and Jacobites, and the literary mythmaking of James Macpherson's Ossian and Sir Walter Scott's Waverley novels. It also addresses the broader questions of the impact of the Scottish Enlightenment on British political culture, and the enigma of British national identity itself.
Algernon Sidney and the Restoration Crisis, 1677–1683
Authors: Scott Jonathan
Published: April 2010

This book completes the study of the life and political thought of Algernon Sidney (1623–1688), which began with Algernon Sidney and the English Republic, 1623–1677 (1988). In the process it offers a reinterpretation of the major political crisis of Charles II's reign, and of its European and seventeenth-century contexts. Like its predecessor, the book spans the disciplines of intellectual and political history. Its twin focus is the last six years of Sidney's life, which culminated in the famous public drama of his trial and execution for treason in 1683, and in his major political work, the Discourses Concerning Government, which was used as evidence against him at the trial. This intertwining of events and ideas calls for an examination of the relationship between the practical and intellectual aspects of the crisis of 1678–1683 in general.
Black Hole Uniqueness Theorems
Authors: Heusler Markus
Published: April 2010

This timely review provides a self-contained introduction to the mathematical theory of stationary black holes and a self-consistent exposition of the corresponding uniqueness theorems. The opening chapters examine the general properties of space-times admitting Killing fields and derive the Kerr-Newman metric. Strong emphasis is given to the geometrical concepts. The general features of stationary black holes and the laws of black hole mechanics are then reviewed. Critical steps towards the proof of the 'no-hair' theorem are then discussed, including the methods used by Israel, the divergence formulae derived by Carter, Robinson and others, and finally the sigma model identities and the positive mass theorem. The book is rounded off with an extension of the electro-vacuum uniqueness theorem to self-gravitating scalar fields and harmonic mappings. This volume provides a rigorous textbook for graduate students in physics and mathematics. It also offers an invaluable, up-to-date reference for researchers in mathematical physics, general relativity and astrophysics.
Growth, Maturation, and Body Composition
Authors: Roche Alex F.
Published: April 2010

Growth, Maturation and Body Composition documents one of the most remarkable and significant studies in the field of human biology. The Fels Longitudinal Study is the longest, largest and most productive serial study of human growth, maturation and body composition. This book shows how data collected from more than 1000 participants during the past 60 years have been analysed to test a wide range of hypotheses, and describes how the findings have led to the development of improved research methods. Topics covered include the management and analysis of data, prenatal, familial and genetic studies, physical growth, development and maturation, bones and teeth, body composition, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. With more than 1000 specialized publications of Fels data, the present book provides a unique overview of this fascinating research programme, which will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, including those in the fields of physical anthropology, nutrition science, pediatrics, gerontology, epidemiology, endocrinology, human genetics, as well as statistics.
Localization in Noetherian Rings
Authors: Jategaonkar A. V.
Published: April 2010

This monograph first published in 1986 is a reasonably self-contained account of a large part of the theory of non-commutative Noetherian rings. The author focuses on two important aspects: localization and the structure of infective modules. The former is presented in the opening chapters after which some new module-theoretic concepts and methods are used to formulate a new view of localization. This view, which is one of the book's highlights, shows that the study of localization is inextricably linked to the study of certain injectives and leads, for the first time, to some genuine applications of localization in the study of Noetherian rings. In the last part Professor Jategaonkar introduces a unified setting for four intensively studied classes of Noetherian rings: HNP rings, PI rings, enveloping algebras of solvable Lie algebras, and group rings of polycyclic groups. Some appendices summarize relevant background information about these four classes.
Van der Corput's Method of Exponential Sums
Authors: Graham S. W. , Kolesnik Grigori
Published: April 2010

This book is a self-contained account of the one- and two-dimensional van der Corput method and its use in estimating exponential sums. These arise in many problems in analytic number theory. It is the first cohesive account of much of this material and will be welcomed by graduates and professionals in analytic number theory. The authors show how the method can be applied to problems such as upper bounds for the Riemann-Zeta function. the Dirichlet divisor problem, the distribution of square free numbers, and the Piatetski-Shapiro prime number theorem.
An Introduction to Independence for Analysts
Authors: Dales H. G. , Woodin W. H.
Published: April 2010

Forcing is a powerful tool from logic which is used to prove that certain propositions of mathematics are independent of the basic axioms of set theory, ZFC. This book explains clearly, to non-logicians, the technique of forcing and its connection with independence, and gives a full proof that a naturally arising and deep question of analysis is independent of ZFC. It provides an accessible account of this result, and it includes a discussion, of Martin's Axiom and of the independence of CH.
Independent Random Variables and Rearrangement Invariant Spaces
Authors: Braverman Michael Sh.
Published: April 2010

The subject of this book lies on the boundary between probability theory and the theory of function spaces. Here Professor Braverman investigates independent random variables in rearrangement invariant (r.i.) spaces. The significant feature of r.i. spaces is that the norm of an element depends on its distribution only, and this property allows the results and methods associated with r.i. spaces to be applied to problems in probability theory. On the other hand, probabilistic methods can also prove useful in the study of r.i. spaces. In this book new techniques are used and a number of interesting results are given. Most of the results are due to the author but have never before been available in English. Here they are all presented together in a volume that will be essential reading for all serious researchers in this area.
Analytic Semigroups and Semilinear Initial Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Taira Kazuaki
Published: April 2010

This book provides a careful and accessible exposition of the function analytic approach to initial boundary value problems for semilinear parabolic differential equations. It focuses on the relationship between two interrelated subjects in analysis: analytic semigroups and initial boundary value problems. This semigroup approach can be traced back to the pioneering work of Fujita and Kato on the Navier-Stokes equation. The author studies non homogeneous boundary value problems for second order elliptic differential operators, in the framework of Sobolev spaces of Lp style, which include as particular cases the Dirichlet and Neumann problems, and proves that these boundary value problems provide an example of analytic semigroups in Lp. This book will be a necessary purchase for researchers with an interest in analytic semigroups or initial value problems.
Birational Geometry of Algebraic Varieties
Authors: Kollár Janos , Mori Shigefumi
Published: April 2010

One of the major discoveries of the last two decades of the twentieth century in algebraic geometry is the realization that the theory of minimal models of surfaces can be generalized to higher dimensional varieties. This generalization, called the minimal model program or Mori's program, has developed into a powerful tool with applications to diverse questions in algebraic geometry and beyond. This book provides the a comprehensive introduction to the circle of ideas developed around the program, the prerequisites being only a basic knowledge of algebraic geometry. It will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers working in algebraic geometry and related fields.
ZZ/2 - Homotopy Theory
Authors: Crabb M. C.
Published: April 2010

This account is a study of twofold symmetry in algebraic topology. The author discusses specifically the antipodal involution of a real vector bundle - multiplication by - I in each fibre; doubling and squaring operations; the symmetry of bilinear forms and Hermitian K-theory. In spite of its title, this is not a treatise on equivariant topology; rather it is the language in which to describe the symmetry. Familiarity with the basic concepts of algebraic topology (homotopy, stable homotopy, homology, K-theory, the Pontrjagin—Thom transfer construction) is assumed. Detailed proofs are not given (the expert reader will be able to supply them when necessary) yet nowhere is credibility lost. Thus the approach is elementary enough to provide an introduction to the subject suitable for graduate students although research workers will find here much of interest.
Commutator Calculus and Groups of Homotopy Classes
Authors: Baues Hans Joachim
Published: April 2010

A fundamental problem of algebraic topology is the classification of homotopy types and homotopy classes of maps. In this work the author extends results of rational homotopy theory to a subring of the rationale. The methods of proof employ classical commutator calculus of nilpotent group and Lie algebra theory and rely on an extensive and systematic study of the algebraic properties of the classical homotopy operations (composition and addition of maps, smash products, Whitehead products and higher order James-Hopi invariants). The account is essentially self-contained and should be accessible to non-specialists and graduate students with some background in algebraic topology and homotopy theory.