bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bridging Bayesian and Minimax Mean Square Error Estimation via Wasserstein Distributionally Robust Optimization
Authors: Nguyen Viet Anh , Shafieezadeh-Abadeh Soroosh , Kuhn Daniel , Mohajerin Esfahani Peyman
Published: December 2021

We introduce a distributionally robust minimium mean square error estimation model with a Wasserstein ambiguity set to recover an unknown signal from a noisy observation. The proposed model can be viewed as a zero-sum game between a statistician choosing an estimator—that is, a measurable function of the observation—and a fictitious adversary choosing a prior—that is, a pair of signal and noise distributions ranging over independent Wasserstein balls—with the goal to minimize and maximize the expected squared estimation error, respectively. We show that, if the Wasserstein balls are centered at normal distributions, then the zero-sum game admits a Nash equilibrium, by which the players’ optimal strategies are given by an affine estimator and a normal prior, respectively. We further prove that this Nash equilibrium can be computed by solving a tractable convex program. Finally, we develop a Frank–Wolfe algorithm that can solve this convex program orders of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art general-purpose solvers. We show that this algorithm enjoys a linear convergence rate and that its direction-finding subproblems can be solved in quasi-closed form.

Funding: This research was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation [Grants BSCGI0_ 157733 and 51NF40_180545], an Early Postdoc.Mobility Fellowship [Grant P2ELP2_195149], and the European Research Council [Grant TRUST-949796].
Feeling Positive, Negative, or Both? Examining the Self-Regulatory Benefits of Emotional Ambivalence
Authors: Gabriel Allison S. , Butts Marcus M. , Chawla Nitya , da Motta Veiga Serge P. , Turban Daniel B. , Green Jeffrey D.
Published: December 2021

According to self-regulation theories, affect plays a crucial role in driving goal-directed behaviors throughout employees’ work lives. Yet past work presents inconsistent results regarding the effects of positive and negative affect with theory heavily relying on understanding the separate, unique effects of each affective experience. In the current research, we integrate tenets of emotional ambivalence with self-regulation theories to examine how the conjoint experience of positive and negative affect yields benefits for behavioral regulation. We test these ideas within a self-regulatory context that has frequently studied the benefits of affect and has implications for all employees at one point in their careers: the job search. Adopting a person-centered (i.e., profile-based) perspective across two within-person investigations, we explore how emotional ambivalence relates to job search success (i.e., interview invitations, job offers) via job search self-regulatory processes (i.e., metacognitive strategies, effort). Results illustrate that the subsequent week (i.e., at time t + 1; Study 1) and month (Study 2) after job seekers experience emotional ambivalence (i.e., positive and negative affect experienced jointly at similar levels at time t), they receive more job offers via increased job search effort and interview invitations. Theoretical and practical implications for studying emotional ambivalence in organizational scholarship are discussed.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1553 .
Vehicle Routing with Stochastic Supply of Crowd Vehicles and Time Windows
Authors: Torres Fabian , Gendreau Michel , Rei Walter
Published: December 2021

The growth of e-commerce has increased demand for last-mile deliveries, increasing the level of congestion in the existing transportation infrastructure in urban areas. Crowdsourcing deliveries can provide the additional capacity needed to meet the growing demand in a cost-effective way. We introduce a setting where a crowd-shipping platform sells heterogeneous products of different sizes from a central depot. Items sold vary from groceries to electronics. Some items must be delivered within a time window, whereas others need a customer signature. Furthermore, customer presence is not guaranteed, and some deliveries may need to be returned to the depot. Delivery requests are fulfilled by a fleet of professional drivers and a pool of crowd drivers. We present a crowd-shipping platform that standardizes crowd drivers’ capacities and compensates them to return undelivered packages back to the depot. We formulate a two-stage stochastic model, and we propose a branch and price algorithm to solve the problem exactly and a column generation heuristic to solve larger problems quickly. We further develop an analytical method to calculate upper bounds on the supply of vehicles and an innovative cohesive pricing problem to generate columns for the pool of crowd drivers. Computational experiments are carried out on modified Solomon instances with a pool of 100 crowd vehicles. The branch and price algorithm is able to solve instances of up to 100 customers. We show that the value of the stochastic solution can be as high as 18% when compared with the solution obtained from a deterministic simplification of the model. Significant cost reductions of up to 28% are achieved by implementing crowd drivers with low compensations or higher capacities. Finally, we evaluate what happens when crowd drivers are given the autonomy to select routes based on rational and irrational behavior. There is no cost increase when crowd drivers are rational and select routes that have a higher compensation first. However, when crowd drivers are irrational and select routes randomly, the cost can increase up to 4.2% for some instances.
Bolívia em tempo de pandemia: crise humanitária e conflito político
Authors: Castro Fabio Sousa Mendonça de , Fuser Igor
Published: December 2021

Na Bolívia, a pandemia da Covid-19 coincidiu com um período conflituoso em sua história: um governo de facto instalado sob a presidência da direitista Jeanine Áñez, após o golpe de estado de novembro de 2019 que forçou a renúncia de Evo Morales. A falta de legitimidade dos novos governantes e sua incapacidade de conter os contágios e cuidar da população provocaram uma crise sanitária de grandes proporções. Os sucessivos adiamentos das eleições presidenciais prometidas para 2020 acirraram o confronto entre o governo de Áñez e os partidários do Movimento ao Socialismo. O artigo descreve e analisa a complexa interação entre as questões sanitárias e a luta política que culminou com o regresso da esquerda ao comando do Estado, com a vitória de Luis Arce nas eleições de outubro de 2020.
A presença do cotidiano durante a ditadura civil-militar argentina (1976-1983): a perspectiva infantil no filme Kamchatka (2002)
Authors: Pires Monteiro Ygor
Published: December 2021

O artigo analisa o filme argentino Kamchatka (2002) a partir de um diálogo com o trabalho “O mito da sociedade como vítima: sociedades pós-ditatoriais em face de seu passado na Europa e na América Latina” de Bruno Groppo. No enredo do filme, o protagonista é um menino de 10 anos, cuja vida é alterada poucos dias após o golpe de Estado de 1976 na Argentina por conta da militância política dos pais. Como a obra se debruça sobre o cotidiano da personagem principal, é possível pensar como o cinema contribui para repensar memórias dicotômicas construídas em torno dos comportamentos sociais durante a ditadura civil-militar, nomeadas por Groppo como o “mito da sociedade resistente” e o “mito da sociedade vítima inocente”.
DISCUSSÕES SOBRE GÊNERO NAS DANÇAS DE SALÃO: VAMOS DIALOGAR?
Authors: Monteiro Livia Marafiga
Published: December 2021

Resumo: O presente ensaio tem como objetivo discorrer sobre a importância de expandir os horizontes comunicacionais nas danças de salão, também conhecidas em sua origem por danças sociais, propondo uma forma de dançar que seja mais flexível, trazendo mais liberdade para os corpos e suas movimentações, sugerindo o desenvolvimento da escuta corporal mútua que possibilitará a condução compartilhada e o consequente diálogo entre corpos. A condução compartilhada surge especialmente para dar visibilidade à ação das mulheres, para que possam expressar uma postura mais ativa na dança. Esse trabalho adotou como método a pesquisa bibliográfica, com o objetivo de correlacionar as bases históricas das principais configurações das danças a dois, bem como as construções sociais dos papéis de mulheres e homens na sociedade, na época em que surgiram essas danças. O propósito é investigar o paradigma dominante, em que existem papéis distintos a serem desempenhados por damas e cavalheiros e o corpo acaba sendo compreendido apenas como um executor de passos. É também objetivo deste ensaio instigar professoras e professores a questionarem suas práticas de ensino e aprendizagem, para que proponham alterações em suas formas metodológicas de ensinar, a fim de que a prática da dança de salão não aconteça descontextualizada dos acontecimentos sociais de ordem contemporânea.Palavras-chave: Danças de salão. Igualdade de gênero. Diálogo corporal. Ensino da dança.Abstract: This essay aims to discuss the importance of expanding communicational horizons in ballroom dances, also known in its origins as social dances, proposing a way of dancing that is more flexible, bringing more freedom to bodies and their movements, suggesting the development of mutual bodily listening that will enable shared conduct and the consequent dialogue between bodies. Shared driving emerges especially for to give visibility to women's actions, so that they can express a more active posture in dance. This work adopted bibliographical research as a method, with the objective of correlating the historical bases of the main configurations of the two dances, as well as the social constructions of the roles of women and men in society, at the time these dances emerged. The purpose is to investigate the dominant paradigm, in which there are distinct roles to be played by ladies and gentlemen and the body ends up being understood only as a performer of steps. It is also the objective of this essay to instigate teachers and teachers to question their teaching and learning practices, so that they propose changes in their methodological ways of teaching, so that the practice of ballroom dancing does not happen out of context from contemporary social events.Keywords: Salon dances. Gender equality. Body dialogue. Dance teaching.
Role and Features of Port Administrations
Authors:   Donetsk State University of Management, Nosovskaya O. , Shaikhatdinov A. ,   Donetsk State University of Management, Gusakov S. ,   Donetsk State University of Management
Published: December 2021

The article emphasizes that there is a need to review the role of port authorities, identify trends in port management and assess the economic impact of port management reform. Conceptually, port administrations can experience a "renaissance" to face the many pressures of stakeholders, address socio-economic changes in the port landscape and improve the competitiveness of their ports. They can do this by acting as a facilitator or entrepreneur. Port authorities can generate more demand for a port product by reducing the overall cost of transporting cargo or passengers through the port. The traditional functions of port authorities have undergone significant changes. In larger multi-functional ports, the actual function of the operator, at least where cargo handling services are concerned, has been shifted towards aspects of the functions of lessor and regulator. Now the main feature of the operator's role is the granting and supervision of concessions. The function of the lessor and the regulator have become the two main functions and thus correspond to the general definition of the lessor's port model. A number of typical conflict situations that may exist in relation to port development are identified, including environmental protection, urban planning, working conditions, residents' interests and general economic development. It is necessary to make changes in management, even within the existing (formal) structures. The competitive position of the port will be determined not so much by the system of operation (for example, the landlord or the service port), but by the commercial attitude, mentality and entrepreneurial culture. It is necessary to develop leadership qualities in port management at the local and regional level, expanding competencies beyond the purely maritime dimension, and including competencies and know-how in the field of real estate management, environmental management. Port authorities have four main functions that can be performed at the local, regional and global levels. We can combine these functions and levels into a so-called "renaissance matrix". Several combinations are possible in this matrix, but a review of the above-mentioned existential variants. It is possible to derive a hypothetical typology, which consists of three main types: "conservative", "facilitator" and "entrepreneur". The conservation port focuses on having a good economy, and essentially adheres to the passive and mechanistic implementation of the three traditional functions of the author's port at the local level. The facilitator's port is a mediator and partner between economic and social interests. The Entrepreneurial Port will be the most complete port of resurgence management, combining the main features of a facilitator with a more outspoken commercial attitude as an investor, supplier, sender and consultant at all three geographical levels.
Economic Mechanism of Coordination of Decisions in the System of Reflexive Management at the Enterprises
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Logvinenko B.
Published: December 2021

The urgency of development of the economic mechanism of coordination of decisions in system of reflexive management at the enterprises is proved. research pits. Situations of economic interaction in the process of horizontal and vertical coordination of decisions at the appropriate levels of enterprise management are presented within the hypothesis of the possibility of effective organization of the process of coordination of decisions at the enterprise using reflexive management methods to increase efficiency and effectiveness of coordination of decisions. To solve the tasks of decision coordination, the possibility of applying the conceptual provisions of the economic mechanism of decision coordination, which aims to diagnose the behavior of economic agents and ensure coordination of horizontal and vertical coordination of decisions in enterprises in a system of reflexive management to improve efficiency and competitive advantages. The synthesis of methods of the economic mechanism of coordination of decisions in system of reflexive management at the enterprises is developed. Implementation of the conceptual provisions of the economic mechanism of coordination of decisions in the system of reflective management in enterprises using appropriate methods will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of coordination of decisions in accordance with the purpose of the coordination center to achieve the goals of the enterprise. Perspective directions of research are outlined.
Features of Political Risk Management of Transnational Corporations in the Context of Economic Globalization
Authors:   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Bolotina Ye. , Shubna O. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Borodai A. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Steshenko N. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: December 2021

The article considers the specifics of the functioning of TNCs, their current activities in the investment market. TNCs are currently one of the most important actors in international economic relations. The investment activity of transnational corporations has a direct impact on the balance of payments, production volumes, foreign trade turnover, employment, and the competitiveness of the host economy. The key features of political risk management of TNCs are identified and characterized. The political risks of TNCs are related to their interpretation, classification and methods. The means of reducing the degree of risk include: risk avoidance, retention, risk transfer. Ways to reduce the degree of risk include: diversification, acquisition of additional information, limitation, insurance, hedging. It has been proven that the main advantage of risk communications as an effective ancillary way to manage the political risks of TNCs at the state level, especially in the early stages of public policy making, is that it allows decision makers to better and timely inform stakeholders about risks. and to effectively exchange data between different parts of the public administration system, including effective mitigation measures. The main directions for TNC investment in 2018 are analyzed. The negative consequences of TNCs and ways to overcome them are identified.
Strategic Directions of Ukraine's Integration into the Educational, Research and Innovation Areas of the EU
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Vyshnevskyi О.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the article is to determine the strategic directions for the integration of educational, research and innovation areas of Ukraine into the corresponding areas of the EU, taking into account the economic interests of Ukraine. These areas can be delimited from each other by the product they create. The product of the educational area is the reproduction of existing knowledge, of the research area is the creation of new knowledge (novation), of the innovation area – innovation. With regard to areas, three types of integration can be proposed: (1) complete; (2) partial; (3) element-wise. Complete integration of the two areas provides for the formation of a single institutional environment and the corresponding links. In this case, there is an institutional absorption of one area by another. Partial integration of areas will take place through their intersection. In this case, new elements are formed, which simultaneously have connections corresponding to the first and second areas, and the institutional environment becomes mixed. Element-wise integration occurs when elements from one area are integrated into another area. For instance, a researcher or student from country A migrates to country B for permanent residence. Based on statistical observations for 2013-2019 it can be argued that the results of the activities of the Ukrainian research area are used to a greater extent in the EU than the results of the EU research area in Ukraine. And ultimately, novations created in the Ukrainian research area are transformed into innovations in the European innovation area and returned (imported) to Ukraine in the form of final high-tech products. From the standpoint of ensuring the economic growth of Ukraine, the current path of integration processes is not optimal. The transformation of the Ukrainian educational, research and innovation areas into the subareas of the EU ensures, first of all, the economic growth (on an innovative basis) of the EU, and not of Ukraine. So, given that the European research area is only an instrument for achieving certain EU goals, then the unconditional inclusion of Ukraine to this instrument turns the Ukrainian area into its component. For the Ukrainian economy, the optimal strategic direction for integrating the educational, research and innovation areas of Ukraine and the EU is their synthesis through the creation of a single space at the intersection of the areas of Ukraine and the EU, as well as element-wise integration from the areas of the EU into the areas of Ukraine. As a result, the Roadmap for Ukraine’s Integration into the European Research Area requires revision.
Change Management is the Study of Investment Activities in Modern Engineering Enterprises
Authors:   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Voloshinа О. , Byvshev R. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Melchenko V. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy, Zorina R. ,   SHEI Donbass State Engineering Academy
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the current topic of managing the investment activities of enterprises in a constantly changing market environment. The analysis of the economic conditions in which the domestic machine-building companies operate today is carried out, the influence of the main macroeconomic factors on their investment activity is determined. The main methodological approaches to the analysis of the effectiveness of the investment strategy of organizations have been investigated. Based on the calculation of the investment performance indicators of PrJSC "NKMZ" and PrJSC "KZVV", the main features of the behavior of companies using the strategy of the "leader" and the strategy of "follower" in the formation of the investment policy were determined.
Renovation of closed coal mines
Authors:   NTU ", Boichenko M. ,   Dnipro University of Technology",   MES of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to show that a change of situation in the world market and mineral resources’ depletion lead to closing of numerous mining companies. There is an urgent necessity to establish environment safety and recover economic value of disturbed soils for their further use. The paper provides cases of successful revitalization of areas, including industrial areas, where the landscape or family entertainment parks were created. There are priority grounds for public amenity projects implemented in industrial zones as a part of quality of environment upgrade in industry-based towns. Given the fact that Ukraine opens a competition for new jobs and economy development in mining regions, the paper presents information proving that closed coalmines require renovation projects feasible to change the situation significantly, making these regions worth of investments. The paper outlines differences between the industrial and technology parks. In particular, there are advantages and gains of industrial parks, current theoretical suggestions for their creation in closed coalmines areas, the case of practical implementation of an industrial park prototype in operating mines and present problems of industrial parks creation and operation. The number of industrial parks in Ukraine is one of the fewest in the world. For late 2020, Ukraine registered only 45 industrial parks and only 23 of them had managing companies. The paper gives the grounds that to create industrial parks of Brownfield type is the most efficient solution for closed coalmines areas recovery.
Coconut shell traps: easiest and economic way to attract stingless bees (Tetragonula iridipennis) Smith
Authors: Udayakumar Amala , Shylesha Arakalagud Nanjundaiah , Shivalingaswamy Timalapur M
Published: December 2021

The trap occupancy rate and colony development parameters of swarms of stingless bee, Tetragonula iridipennis in coconut shell traps was studied in the research farm of ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources (NBAIR) Bengaluru, Yelahanka campus Karnataka, India. The trap occupancy rate by the stingless bees was 44.87% in a time period of 13.40 ± 4.38 days. New cells were constructed by the bees in 12.10 ± 2.13 days. The number of honey and pollen pots filled was 15.60 ± 3.92 and 6.61 ± 2.95, respectively. The brood cells were constructed 89.50 ± 6.07 days after acceptance of the shell traps with an average of 67.70 ± 20.83 brood cells per trap. The foragers preferred foraging for nectar, resin and pollen during the 15, 30 and 45 days after acceptance of the coconut shells for nesting. Coconut shell traps are easiest and economic way of trapping the swarming population of stingless bees.
Wavefront shaping with a Hadamard basis for scattering soil imaging
Authors: Wang Dongping , Poyneer Lisa A. , Chen Diana , Mark Ammons S. , Morrison Keith D. , Lee Janghyuk , Ly Sonny S. , Laurence Ted A. , Weber Peter K.
Published: December 2021

Soil is a scattering medium that inhibits imaging of plant-microbial-mineral interactions that are essential to plant health and soil carbon sequestration. However, optical imaging in the complex medium of soil has been stymied by the seemingly intractable problems of scattering and contrast. Here, we develop a wavefront shaping method based on adaptive stochastic parallel gradient descent optimization with a Hadamard basis to focus light through soil mineral samples. Our approach allows a sparse representation of the wavefront with reduced dimensionality for the optimization. We further divide the used Hadamard basis set into subsets and optimize a certain subset at once. Simulation and experimental optimization results demonstrate our method has an approximately seven times higher convergence rate and overall better performance compared to that with optimizing all pixels at once. The proposed method can benefit other high-dimensional optimization problems in adaptive optics and wavefront shaping.
Pump RIN reduction of the TMI threshold powers in Yb-doped kW class fiber amplifiers
Authors: Mermelstein Marc D.
Published: December 2021

A 3D spatially resolved coupled mode and perturbation analysis for the transverse mode instability threshold powers in Yb-doped fiber amplifiers is extended to include threshold power reduction induced by the pump laser relative intensity noise (RIN). A static intensity grating combines with the fluctuating pump intensity to generate an inversion standing wave. The forward component of the standing wave contributes to the nonlinear coupling between the fundamental mode and the higher-order mode (HOM), thereby reducing the threshold power. It is estimated that a pump RIN level

<

−

150

d
B

/

H
z

is required to achieve quantum limited performance. The model also quantifies the impact of unwanted laser power in the HOM on the threshold power reduction. The threshold power calculations as a function of RIN and laser power in the HOM are in qualitative agreement with recently published experimental measurements.
Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Toxoplasma gondii in patients with lung infections by a duplex qPCR assay
Authors: Wu Yun , Wang Fei , Wang Chaoyue , Tang Xinming , Liu Xianyong , Li Shaogang , Waterfield Nicholas R. , Wang Wei , Suo Xun , Yang Guowei
Published: December 2021

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and pulmonary toxoplasmosis (PT) are caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii and Toxoplasma gondii. The clinical symptoms and imaging of PCP and PT are indistinguishable. A duplex qPCR was developed to differentiate between these two pathogens. In testing 92 clinical samples to validate the performance of this method for P. jirovecii detection, it identified 31 positive samples for P. jirovecii infection, consistent with clinical diagnosis. Among the remainder of the 61 clinical samples with suspected PCP, yet showing as negative by the conventional PCR diagnosis approach, 6 of them proved positive using our new assay. Our new approach also produced similar results in identification of T. gondii infections, giving a result of 2 positive and 20 negative in clinical samples. An investigation was undertaken on the prevalence of P. jirovecii and T. gondii infections using 113 samples from lung infection patients. 9% (10/113) were shown to be positive with infections of P. jirovecii, 2% with T. gondii (2/113) and 5% (6/113) were co-infected with both pathogens. Although this duplex qPCR can detect individual P. jirovecii and T. gondii infection, and co-infection of both pathogens, further large-scale investigations are needed to validate its performance, especially in T. gondii detection. Our assay provides a rapid and accurate tool for PCP and PT diagnosis in immunocompromised population and clinical surveillance of these infections in patients with no immune defects.
Species identification and phylogenetic analysis of Leishmania isolated from patients, vectors and hares in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, The People’s Republic of China
Authors: Chen Yun-Fu , Liao Li-Fu , Wu Na , Gao Jiang-Mei , Zhang Peng , Wen Yan-Zi , Hide Geoff , Lai De-Hua , Lun Zhao-Rong
Published: December 2021

Background

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been declared as one of the six major tropical diseases by the World Health Organization. This disease has been successfully controlled in China, except for some areas in the western region, such as the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, where both anthroponotic VL (AVL) and desert type zoonotic VL (DT-ZVL) remain endemic with sporadic epidemics.

Methodology/Principal findings

Here, an eleven-year survey (2004–2014) of Leishmania species, encompassing both VL types isolated from patients, sand-fly vectors and Tarim hares (Lepus yarkandensis) from the Xinjiang Autonomous Region was conducted, with a special emphasis on the hares as a potential reservoir animal for DT-ZVL. Key diagnostic genes, ITS1, hsp70 and nagt (encoding N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase) were used for phylogenetic analyses, placing all Xinjiang isolates into one clade of the L. donovani complex. Unexpectedly, AVL isolates were found to be closely related to L. infantum, while DT-ZVL isolates were closer to L. donovani. Unrooted parsimony networks of haplotypes for these isolates also revealed their relationship.

Conclusions/Significance

The above analyses of the DT-ZVL isolates suggested their geographic isolation and independent evolution. The sequence identity of isolates from patients, vectors and the Tarim hares in a single DT-ZVL site provides strong evidence in support of this species as an animal reservoir.
On reappearance and complexity in musical calling
Authors: Schruth David M. , Templeton Christopher N. , Holman Darryl J.
Published: December 2021

Music is especially valued in human societies, but music-like behavior in the form of song also occurs in a variety of other animal groups including primates. The calling of our primate ancestors may well have evolved into the music of modern humans via multiple selective scenarios. But efforts to uncover these influences have been hindered by the challenge of precisely defining musical behavior in a way that could be more generally applied across species. We propose an acoustic focused reconsideration of “musicality” that could help enable independent inquiry into potential ecological pressures on the evolutionary emergence of such behavior. Using published spectrographic images (n = 832 vocalizations) from the primate vocalization literature, we developed a quantitative formulation that could be used to help recognize signatures of human-like musicality in the acoustic displays of other species. We visually scored each spectrogram along six structural features from human music—tone, interval, transposition, repetition, rhythm, and syllabic variation—and reduced this multivariate assessment into a concise measure of musical patterning, as informed by principal components analysis. The resulting acoustic reappearance diversity index (ARDI) estimates the number of different reappearing syllables within a call type. ARDI is in concordance with traditional measures of bird song complexity yet more readily identifies shorter, more subtly melodic primate vocalizations. We demonstrate the potential utility of this index by using it to corroborate several origins scenarios. When comparing ARDI scores with ecological features, our data suggest that vocalizations with diversely reappearing elements have a pronounced association with both social and environmental factors. Musical calls were moderately associated with wooded habitats and arboreal foraging, providing partial support for the acoustic adaptation hypothesis. But musical calling was most strongly associated with social monogamy, suggestive of selection for constituents of small family-sized groups by neighboring conspecifics. In sum, ARDI helps construe musical behavior along a continuum, accommodates non-human musicality, and enables gradualistic co-evolutionary paths between primate taxa—ranging from the more inhibited locational calls of archaic primates to the more exhibitional displays of modern apes.
Outcomes of Sjögren’s versus non-Sjögren’s related dry eye in a longitudinal, tertiary clinic-based sample
Authors: Cui David , Mathews Priya , Li Gavin , VanCourt Shanna , Akpek Esen
Published: December 2021

Purpose

To assess the long-term treatment outcomes of dry eye in patients with and without underlying primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SS).

Design

Retrospective longitudinal cohort.

Methods

SS and non-SS dry eye patients with clinic visits for a minimum of 5 consecutive years at a tertiary, dedicated dry eye clinic were included. Electronic health records were reviewed to collect data regarding demographics, objective dry eye parameters, treatments utilized at baseline and final visit, and corneal complications observed during follow-up.

Results

Two hundred and two patients (101 SS and 101 randomly selected non-SS), with a mean follow-up of 7.1 years were included. At baseline, mean conjunctival lissamine green staining score was 2.9 and mean corneal fluorescein staining score was 2.0. At last visit, notable improvement in staining score for cornea (–1.1, P < .001) and conjunctiva (–1.8, P < .001) was seen equally in both dry eye groups. Most patients (88.1%) had an escalation of treatment by the final visit, with similar rates in both groups (P = .51). Half (48.9%) of the patients had no conjunctival staining, and a third (34.4%) had no corneal staining at their last visit. Twenty (9.9%) patients experienced a vision-threatening corneal complication, including ulcers and melt, with no difference in occurrences between the groups (P = .64).

Conclusions

The majority of patients in this longitudinal, tertiary clinic-based sample demonstrated improvement in their ocular surface staining score by the final visit with escalation in treatment. Treatments used, improvement achieved, and corneal complication rates leading to loss of vision were similar in both SS and non-SS dry eye groups.
Use of spineless cactus associated with legume hay in the feedlot-finishing of lambs in semi-arid regions
Authors: da Trindade Silva Maria Gabriela , Geraldo Costa Marcone , Campelo Medeiros Mariana , dos Santos Difante Gelson , Sérgio de Azevedo Paulo , Gurgel Antonio Leandro Chaves , Emerenciano Neto João Virgínio , de Lima Veras Emmanuel Liévio , Vinhas Ítavo Luís Carlos
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study were to examine the effects of diets containing spineless cactus associated with hays of different legume species [gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium), “catingueira” (Caesalpinia bracteosa), “sabiá” (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth) and “catanduva” (Piptadenia moniliformis Benth)] on the intake, digestibility, performance and carcass traits of lambs. Twenty-four ½ Santa Inês × ½ Soinga lambs with an average body weight of 21.4 ± 2.53 kg were distributed into four treatments in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of diets formulated with the association of spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) and hay of four legume species, namely, “catanduva”, “sabiá” “catingueira” and gliricidia. The lowest intakes (P<0.05) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total carbohydrates occurred in the animals that received the diet containing catingueira hay. However, there were no diet effects (P>0.05) on the intakes of crude protein (CP), ether extract and non-fibrous carbohydrates. The diets also did not change (P>0.05) the weight gain (0.197 kg/day) or final weight (33.18 kg) of the lambs or the apparent digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP and NDF. Consequently, the parameters of live weight at slaughter (34.10 kg), hot carcass weight (14.81 kg), cold carcass weight (14.66 kg), hot carcass yield (45.60%) and cold carcass yield (45.07%) exhibited the no response to treatment. In addition to these variables, the diets also did not influence subcutaneous fat thickness (2.54 mm), longissimus muscle area (13.34 cm2), morphometric measurements of the carcass, or the proportions of muscle and fat. Therefore, legume hays associated with spineless cactus can be used to feed ½ Santa Inês × ½ Soinga lambs in the feedlot, as this strategy provides heavy animals at the time of slaughter and carcasses with desirable degrees of muscularity and adiposity.
Documentary filmmakers confront trauma: An interview with Marianne Hougen-Moraga and Estephan Wagner
Authors: Ziółkowski Grzegorz
Published: December 2021

The article features an interview with Copenhagen-based filmmakers Marianne Hougen-Moraga and Estephan Wagner, directors of Songs of Repression (2020), the latest documentary film to tackle Colonia Dignidad, a sectarian German enclave founded in Chile in 1961. The dialogue revolves around the film, but it also illuminates some general problems documentarians must face when encountering trauma, among them ethical responsibilities towards protagonists and narrative strategies to employ. The interview is preceded by an introduction that sketches background information on the notorious colony, explains how the film originated, examines the role of music – a central motif of the film – for Colonia’s functioning and situates the work in a wider context of documentaries that confront human rights abuses. The political, religious and moral complexities of Colonia Dignidad are salient because they point to the way the inadequacy or total absence of processes of redress and reconciliation may ultimately prompt the re-emergence or re-establishment of sinister practices.
Proses digitalisasi naskah melalui media flipbook digital di Museum Bandar Cimanuk
Authors:   Universitas Padjajaran, Khadijah Ute Lies Siti , khoerunnisa Lutfi ,   Universitas Padjajaran, Anwar Rully Khaerul ,   Universitas Padjajaran
Published: December 2021

ndramayu Regency has many ancient manuscripts that contain valuable information. Paper-based manuscripts are very easily damaged. Therefore, it is necessary to preserve ancient manuscripts. Switching to a digital flipbook is considered appropriate because it provides an interface that is similar to the original script. This study aims to describe the importance of preserving the cultural heritage of ancient manuscripts owned by the Bandar Cimanuk Indramayu Museum. Digitization can be an effort to preserve ancient manuscripts. The research used descriptive qualitative method. Data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation study. It is hoped that the research results in the form of flipbook development can be used as an effort to preserve ancient manuscripts that represent, protect, and exceed the physicality of ancient manuscripts. The conclusion of this study is that the ancient Legok Kolot manuscript is the identity and wealth of the Indramayu people, so it needs to be digitized so that the preservation of the script is maintained. The media transfer process at the Bandar Cimanuk Museum goes through three main stages, namely the pre-digitization process, the digitization process, and the post-digitization process. In its process, there are three important things that must be considered, such as source characteristics, product usability, and technological characteristics. The use of digital flipbooks as an effort to preserve ancient manuscripts is considered to protect, represent, and exceed the original ancient manuscripts
METADATA, ARSIP, DAN INFORMASI: SUMBANGAN STANDAR- STANDAR KEARSIPAN TERHADAP KERANGKA DAN MODEL KERJASAMA KEILMUAN BIDANG-BIDANG SERUMPUN
Authors:   National Archives of Indonesia, Pratama Raistiwar
Published: December 2021

Since the end of XIX century when for the very first time the archival principles of arrangement and description were outlined until ICA have published their first international standard commonly known as ISAD-G which defines its 26 elements of archival description and followed afterwards by series of archival standards (ISAAR- CPF, ISDIAH, and ISDF) in 1990’s and 2000’s. These elements of description are similar to metadata elements. As the metadata elements of Dublin Core, for example, that have been released in the mid of 1990’s and then later on was adopted by ISO 15836-1:2017 and ISO 15836-2:2019. This article describes the similarities among both elements, the elements of description and the elements of metadata, including the ICA’s latest archival standard (RiC) and by using paradigm of integration-interconnection and three model of discplinary cooperation (multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary, and transdisciplinary) according to Amin Abdullah. Besides reading closely towards the literary sources including the published standards released by ICA and ISO, the writer also does the same things towards various archival standards published by several national archives. These are some of the contribution of archival science and archival standards in order to open the chance of having equal cooperation and seeing the possibilities of having cooperation among its three stages.
Management of the maxillary sinus complications after dental implantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jamali Samira , Nasrabadi Navid , Payahoo Salar , Darvish Maryam , Ahmadizadeh Hashem , Khosravi Setareh
Published: December 2021

Background and aim: Endoscopic sinus surgery owing to its satisfactory prognosis and low complication is considered as the first line of surgical procedure. Implant failure is often reported despite efforts in recent years. The purpose of this study was to review the factors leading to side effects in dental implantation of the maxillary sinus. Material and Methods: The systematic search was performed on electronic databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI, Google scholar to find corresponding articles regarding dental literature during 2010 to 2019. Electronic title management was carried out by Endnote X9 software. Searches were based on the keywords of “dental implants”, “Implants”,” dental”,” maxilla”, “sinusitis”. Results: The searched potentially relevant titles and abstracts were related to 294 articles, 104 of which were excluded due to lack of study inclusion criteria. At last, 11 articles were included into the final analysis. Postoperative sinusitis was found in 78 patients within 9 articles among 1195 patients. The implant failure was reported in 136 cases and the sinus membrane perforation in 185 sinuses within 11 articles among 1372 sinus lift procedures. Conclusion: The findings showed that the risk factors of sinusitis after implant surgery were Schneiderian membrane rupture and preoperative sinusitis, as well as smoking and residual bone height were the parameters elevating the dental implant failure risk.KEYWORDSSinusitis; Dental implants; Implant failure.
Kapital und Zeit
Authors: Konings Martijn
Published: December 2021

Die interdisziplinäre Reflexion über das Wesen des Wirtschafts- und Finanzlebens erfreut sich steigender Beliebtheit. Das Interesse der Sozialtheorie, Philosophie und Geisteswissenschaften an Fragen der Politischen Ökonomie sowie die Beschäftigung mit den konzeptionellen Grundlagen des Kapitalismus nimmt zu. In diesem Kontext fragt Martijn Konings nach der Bedeutung von Unsicherheit, Kontingenz und Zeit im gegenwärtigen Kapitalismus. Seine Analysen richten sich an ein Publikum mit allgemeinem sozialwissenschaftlichen Hintergrund und ermöglichen eine Auseinandersetzung mit Schlüsselfragen der Finanzwirtschaft und der Politischen Ökonomie.
Preface and Acknowledgements
Authors: Beil Benjamin , Freyermuth Gundolf S. , Schmidt Hanns Christian
Published: December 2021

How do paratexts influence the development of games? How is knowledge about games generated and shaped today and how do boundaries between (popular) criticism, journalism, and scholarship have started to blur? How do new forms of communicating about games affect the medium of the game itself? In short: How does the paratext change the text?
Unboxing AGE OF EMPIRES
Authors: Cole Richard
Published: December 2021

In this chapter, Richard Cole expands upon the relationship between paratexts and audiences by considering the imaginative, historiographical, and action-orientated possibilities raised by the manual, cover art, and technology tree of the 1997 videogame AGE OF EMPIRES, as well as player responses to these. He considers the insight such paratexts offer into early historical videogames, including how they were deployed by developers, how they could be exploited by players, and how, through sustained usage, such devices have been incorporated into the virtual worlds of recent games, suggesting that paratexts are less peripherals and more a central part of the experience.
Affektdramaturgien im Fußballsport
Authors: Wetzels Michael
Published: December 2021

Kollektive Emotionen sind im Fußball allgegenwärtig - doch bisher wenig erforscht. Michael Wetzels nimmt sich dieses Themas an und analysiert die Zusammenhänge aus wissenssoziologischer Perspektive. Mit seinem Forschungskonzept kann er zeigen, dass kollektive Emotionen, wie wir sie bisher geglaubt haben zu kennen, nicht existieren. Vielmehr stellen sie Interpretationen dar, welche erst unter bestimmten Bedingungen sicht- und erklärbar werden. Diese Erkenntnisse tragen zu einer allgemeinen Grundlagenforschung zu Kollektivität und Emotionalität bei und bieten ebenso im Anwendungsbereich des Fußballs (z.B. in der Sozialen Arbeit) Ansatzpunkte in der praktischen Arbeit mit »kollektiven Emotionen«.
Sexualpädagogik - betrifft mich das?
Authors: Zürcher Eva
Published: December 2021

Eva Zürcher widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, wie sehr man als angehende Lehrperson vom Thema Sexualpädagogik betroffen ist. Besonders im Unterrichtsfach Deutsch ließe sich viel Textarbeit einbauen, um über sexualpädagogische Belange zu sprechen. In dem Beitrag wird auch Akzeptanz anderer Lebensentwürfe als ebenfalls großes Thema für die Persönlichkeitsbildung in der Schule angesprochen. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich der Deutschunterricht hierbei auch sehr gut eignet, um über Rollenbilder und die Macht der Worte zu diskutieren.
Between Violence, Vulnerability, Resilience and Resistance
Authors: El Zein Rand
Published: December 2021

How are the structures of power and the notion of agency among Syrian women during the recent Syrian conflict connected? To explore this matter, Rand El Zein investigates gender politics around displacement, conflict, the body, and the nation. In doing so, she outstandingly reconciles critical media theory as myriad and productive with the theoretical concepts on subjectivity, power, performativity, neoliberalism, and humanitarian governance. The book examines how the Arab television news discursively represented the experiences of Syrian women during the conflict in relation to the four main concepts: violence, vulnerability, resilience, and resistance.
Biohacking, Bodies and Do-It-Yourself
Authors: Grewe-Salfeld Mirjam
Published: December 2021

From self-help books and nootropics, to self-tracking and home health tests, to the tinkering with technology and biological particles - biohacking brings biology, medicine, and the material foundation of life into the sphere of »do-it-yourself«. This trend has the potential to fundamentally change people's relationship with their bodies and biology but it also creates new cultural narratives of responsibility, authority, and differentiation. Covering a broad range of examples, this book explores practices and representations of biohacking in popular culture, discussing their ambiguous position between empowerment and requirement, promise and prescription.
Global Age, Migration und Medien
Authors: Schachtner Christina
Published: December 2021

Wie gestalten und konstruieren Migrant*innen als Akteur*innen in globalen Bewegungsprozessen ihr Leben und ihr Selbst über territoriale Grenzen hinweg? Welche Rolle spielen digitale Kommunikationstechnologien als Brücke zwischen Herkunfts- und Migrationsland und wie kommen Musik, Theater und Film bei der Bearbeitung von Migrationserfahrungen zum Einsatz? Christina Schachtner untersucht anhand von Gesprächen mit Migrant*innen in Deutschland und Österreich die gesellschaftsverändernde Kraft von Migration. Ihre transdisziplinäre Forschung nimmt insbesondere die Mediennutzung von Migrant*innen in den Blick und umfasst soziologische, psychologische, medien- und kulturwissenschaftliche sowie geschlechtersensible Perspektiven.