bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Faut-il verser des dividendes en temps de crise ?
Authors: Ginglinger Édith
Published: April 2021

Toute période de crise économique affecte la solvabilité des entreprises. Elle fait également naître des débats autour de l’opportunité pour les sociétés cotées de poursuivre les versements de dividendes aux actionnaires, au cœur des tensions entre parties prenantes de l’entreprise. Cet article propose un état des lieux des politiques de rémunération des actionnaires par les grandes sociétés françaises cotées et une analyse des décisions prises lors de la crise sanitaire de 2020.
Changes in the hormonal status of cows with subcutaneous administration of an iodine-containing drug
Authors: Dutova О. G. , Shaganova E. S. , Lushchaj Yu. S.
Published: April 2021

One of the most important aspects of maintaining the health of animals is to meet their needs for nutrients, vitamins and minerals. To solve this problem, it is necessary to optimize the diets of animals. However, when talking about the territory of the Altai Territory, it should be borne in mind that the soil and, accordingly, the plants growing on it, can not meet the need of cattle in such a trace element as iodine. It is obvious that it is necessary to introduce a qualitatively new way to solve this problem in cows. The most productive, in our opinion, is the method of subcutaneous administration of Kayod tablets. Testing of this method was carried out on pregnant cows of the uchkhoz «Prigorodny». Three groups of pregnant cows with 15 animals each were formed for the research. A preliminary analysis of the diet was made, according to which the iodine deficiency was 15 % per animal. During the experiment, cows of different groups were implanted under the skin with Kaiod tablets in different dosages, after which the hormonal parameters of the cows « blood were examined to determine the content of thyroxine and triiodothyronine in it. The study of the dynamics of these indicators most clearly characterizes the presence or absence of hidden pathological processes in the animal’s body that affect the metabolism, and, accordingly, are directly related to iodine deficiency or its absence. Based on the above, it is necessary to conclude that the use of Kaiod tablets in cows during pregnancy in the form of subcutaneous implants according to the method developed and implemented by the authors is a very productive way to normalize the function of the thyroid gland in cattle. The correction of the metabolism begins immediately after the implantation of the tablets and continues to work for 2–3 months in the future.
Evaluation of breeding groups by living weight of over-age cows depending on breeding
Authors: Durov A. S. , Deeva V. S.
Published: April 2021

The assessment of cattle of black-and-white, red steppe, Simmental breeds, differentiated by live weight, was carried out. Three groups were formed: selection, production, and marriage. The selection parameters are calculated using the standard deviation. The calculated parameters of selection of animals of breeding groups by live weight in full-aged cows of the black-and-white breed are 527–472 kg, red steppe-595–514, Simmental breed from the Novosibirsk region – 555–447, the Republic of Khakassia – 610–475, Hereford – 570–462 kg. The animals of the breeding group of the black-and – white breed have an average live weight of 552.5 kg, the red steppe – 641.1 kg, the Simmental Novosibirsk region – 576.7 kg, the Republic of Khakassia – 648 kg, and the Hereford Region-591.1 kg. The analysis of interbreed differences of cows of breeding groups shows that animals of Simmental and Red steppe breeds surpass their peers in most measurements. Animals of the black-and-white breed are the leaders in milk yield and milk content index, Red steppe-in milk fat content and milk fat, Simmental cows bred in the Republic of Khakassia – in live weight. The assessment of production groups of animals by live weight allows us to note that the black-and-white breed surpasses its peers in milk productivity and is characterized by broadness; the red steppe breed – by live weight and fat content of milk and is characterized by elongation; the Simmental breed has a greater development of high-altitude measurements. Evaluation of breeding groups of animals by live weight allows us to note its relationship with other productive traits. The formation of a breeding group with a high live weight allows you to create a tall and stretched array of cattle.
Targeting accuracy of robot-assisted deep brain stimulation surgery in childhood-onset dystonia: a single-center prospective cohort analysis of 45 consecutive cases
Authors: Furlanetti Luciano , Ellenbogen Jonathan , Gimeno Hortensia , Ainaga Laura , Narbad Vijay , Hasegawa Harutomo , Lin Jean-Pierre , Ashkan Keyoumars , Selway Richard
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVE

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for pediatric dystonia. The accuracy of electrode implantation is multifactorial and remains a challenge in this age group, mainly due to smaller anatomical targets in very young patients compared to adults, and also due to anatomical abnormalities frequently associated with some etiologies of dystonia. Data on the accuracy of robot-assisted DBS surgery in children are limited. The aim of the current paper was to assess the accuracy of robot-assisted implantation of DBS leads in a series of patients with childhood-onset dystonia.

METHODS

Forty-five children with dystonia undergoing implantation of DBS leads under general anesthesia between 2017 and 2019 were included. Robot-assisted stereotactic implantation of the DBS leads was performed. The final position of the electrodes was verified with an intraoperative 3D scanner (O-arm). Coordinates of the planned electrode target and actual electrode position were obtained and compared, looking at the radial error, depth error, absolute error, and directional error, as well as the euclidean distance. Functional assessment data prospectively collected by a multidisciplinary pediatric complex motor disorders team were analyzed with regard to motor skills, individualized goal achievement, and patients’ and caregivers’ expectations.

RESULTS

A total of 90 DBS electrodes were implanted and 48.5% of the patients were female. The mean age was 11.0 ± 0.6 years (range 3–18 years). All patients received bilateral DBS electrodes into the globus pallidus internus. The median absolute errors in x-, y-, and z-axes were 0.85 mm (range 0.00–3.25 mm), 0.75 mm (range 0.05–2.45 mm), and 0.75 mm (range 0.00–3.50 mm), respectively. The median euclidean distance from the target to the actual electrode position was 1.69 ± 0.92 mm, and the median radial error was 1.21 ± 0.79. The robot-assisted technique was easily integrated into the authors’ surgical practice, improving accuracy and efficiency, and reducing surgical time significantly along the learning curve. No major perioperative complications occurred.

CONCLUSIONS

Robot-assisted stereotactic implantation of DBS electrodes in the pediatric age group is a safe and accurate surgical method. Greater accuracy was present in this cohort in comparison to previous studies in which conventional stereotactic frame-based techniques were used. Robotic DBS surgery and neuroradiological advances may result in further improvement in surgical targeting and, consequently, in better clinical outcome in the pediatric population.
Regulating Online Campaign Finance: Chasing the Gost
Authors: Agrawal Khushbu , Hamada Yukihiko , Fernández Gibaja Alberto
Published: April 2021

As the number of Internet and social media users increases, political parties and candidates are spending significant amounts of money on online campaigning. It not only helps them to reach out to more voters with comparatively lower costs, but also allows them to communicate more targeted messages to voters when compared with other traditional campaign tools. Despite the growing use of online campaigns, appropriate regulation of online expenditures is almost non-existent around the world. In fact, online expenditure is one of the key weaknesses of political finance systems and regulatory frameworks. Appropriate regulation of online expenditures will not only protect the integrity of the political process, but also thwart negative effects, such as disinformation and polarization and, more generally, prevent inauthentic activities that usually characterize online campaigns. As online expenditure is a relatively new phenomenon, its regulation is not straightforward and there is no conclusive evidence on what works. This report outlines some of the challenges that policymakers, legislators and oversight agencies face when drafting and implementing laws to include online expenditure within the scope of regulated political finance. It also provides recommendations for policymakers, social media platforms, political parties, candidates and campaigners, as well as civil society actors, on the steps that they can take towards closing the regulatory gap.
Social media data as a user perception tool: Evaluation of user experiences in Sultanahmet Area
Authors: GÜLER TOZLUOĞLU Ezgi , TOZLUOGLU Caglar , GÜLER Dilcan , GÜLER Mehmet Emre
Published: April 2021

Social media and new communication technologies have been developing rapidly in recent years and contribute to urban studies. The massive data provided by mobile devices and web services remark a new information source that can be functional in city-specific decision-making. With these features, social networks can show urban life's situation about each user's unique social, economic, and political aspects. In this context, data obtained from new media and social networks in planning the cities' touristic areas will contribute to regional and local tourism planning. This study focuses on the analysis process, evaluation, and contribution of the data set obtained from the Flickr and Foursquare application, one of the location-based social networks, to urban design and tourism studies. Each social media application was evaluated within itself and a holistic evaluation was made in the city square with the data obtained between 2004-2018. In the research area designated as Sultanahmet Square, the experiences and perceptions of individuals using the specified web applications were examined.
Cohesiveness of NGOs and the community in the anti-coastal reclamation social movement
Authors: Baharuddin Aswin , Lubis Adelita , Mustafa Nurafiah , Arief Resky Ameliyah , Gassing Achmad Firdaus , Lubis Mia Aulina
Published: April 2021

This research is an elaboration of the response of the coalition of NGOs and affected communities in rejecting the sand mining in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi. This study aims to analyze the motives and methods of advocacy carried out by NGOs and affected communities. This study also tries to examine the factors that influence cohesiveness between those who are resistant to this extractive industry. This research uses a qualitative approach. We got data in this study through interviews, observations, and document reviews. This study found that the primary motive of the Save Coastal Alliance Against the Sea Sand Mine in Takalar expresses resistance from NGOs and affected communities on the economic and environmental effects of the extractive industry of sand mining. The advocacy method adopted includes four step strategies. The first is conducting political education for citizens; Second, build alliances with other NGOs and; Third is conducting a lawsuit and; Fourth, through non-litigation. The study also found that cohesiveness between NGOs and affected communities was   the dynamics of each group internally. This has contributed to building the context of relations between NGOs and the community.
AN ALGORITHM FOR SOLVING A BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR ESSENTIALLY LOADED DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Authors: Kadirbayeva Zh. M. , Bakirova E. A. , Dauletbayeva A. Sh. , Kassymgali A. A.
Published: April 2021

A linear boundary value problem for essentially loaded differential equations is considered. Using the properties of essentially loaded differential we reduce the considering problem to a two-point boundary value problem for loaded differential equations. This problem is investigated by parameterization method. We offer algorithm for solving to boundary value problem for the system of loaded differential equations. This algorithm includes of the numerical solving of the Cauchy problems for system of the ordinary differential equations and solving of the linear system of algebraic equations. For numerical solving of the Cauchy problem we apply the Runge–Kutta method of 4th order. The proposed numerical implementation is illustrated by example.
EQUIVALENCE OF THE HUNTER-SAXON EQUATION AND THE GENERALIZED HEISENBERG FERROMAGNET EQUATION
Authors: Myrzakulova Zh. R. , Yesmakhanova K. R. , Zhubayeva Zh. S.
Published: April 2021

Integrable systems play an important role in modern mathematics, theoretical and mathematical physics. The display of integrable equations with exact solutions and some special solutions can provide important guarantees for the analysis of its various properties. The Hunter-Saxton equation belongs to the family of integrable systems. The extensive and interesting mathematical theory, underlying the Hunter-Saxton equation, creates active mathematical and physical research. The Hunter-Saxton equation (HSE) is a high-frequency limit of the famous Camassa-Holm equation. The physical interpretation of HSE is the propagation of weakly nonlinear orientation waves in a massive nematic liquid crystal director field. In this paper, we propose a matrix form of the Lax representation for HSE in 𝑠𝑢ሺ𝑛 ൅ 1ሻ/𝑠ሺ𝑢ሺ1ሻ ⊕ 𝑢ሺ𝑛ሻሻ - symmetric space for the case 𝑛 ൌ 2. Lax pairs, introduced in 1968 by Peter Lax, are a tool for finding conserved quantities of integrable evolutionary differential equations. The Lax representation expands the possibilities of the equation we are considering. For example, in this paper, we will use the matrix Lax representation for the HSE to establish the gauge equivalence of this equation with the generalized Heisenberg ferromagnet equation (GHFE). The famous Heisenberg Ferromagnet Equation (HFE) is one of the classical equations integrable through the inverse scattering transform. In this paper, we will consider its generalization. Andalso the connection between the decisions of the HSE and the GHFE will be presented.
ABSTRACT DATA TYPES FOR KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AND SPECIFICATION OF MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Satybaldiyeva A. , Ismailova A. , Moldasheva R. , Mukhanova A. , Kadirkulov K.
Published: April 2021

Distributed system is a group of decentralized interacting executers. Distributed algorithm is the communication protocol for a distributed system that transforms the group into a team to solve some task. Multiagent system is a distributed system that consists of autonomous reactive agents, i.e. executers which internal states can be characterized in terms Believes (B), Desires (D), and Intentions (I). Multiagent algorithm is a distributed algorithm for a multiagent system. The article discusses the basic concepts of agents and multi-agent systems. Also, two problems of multi-agent algorithms for representing knowledge in the context of Social Software Engineering are considered. A number of new multi-agent algorithms are presented, and their correctness is proved. The main characteristics of agents are provided, such as autonomy, proactivity, social ability, and reactivity; also, agents can have such additional characteristics as persistence, reasonability, performance, mobility, personality, and rationality. A number of new multi-agent algorithms are presented, and their correctness is proved. Two statements have been proved for solving RAM and MRP problems. This time we address a social issue of agent anonymity and privacy in these algo-rithms.
MODERN COMPUTATIONAL STRATEGIES FOR PROTEIN INFERENCE IN SHOTGUN PROTEOMIC
Authors: Golenko Y. S. , Ismailova A. A.
Published: April 2021

Today, shotgun proteomics is a powerful approach to characterize proteomes in biological samples. Unlike the top-down proteomics strategy, shotgun proteomics is characterized by high separation efficiency and mass spectral sensitivity. At the same time, it places higher demands on the computational and statistical methods required for peptide identification, protein identification, and label-free quantification. The main purpose of shotgun proteomics is to identify the shape and amount of each protein by combining liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The analysis and interpretation of experimental data is the final and most important stage in proteomics; they also generate a large number of problems that require complex computational solutions. One of the most important tasks, of course, is the identification of proteins present in the experimental sample. As a rule, this task is divided into two main components: the stage of assigning experimental tandem mass spectra to peptides obtained from the protein database, and the stage of comparing peptides with proteins and quantitative assessment of the reliability of the identified proteins. It is also worth considering that the assessment of the reliability of the data obtained can be a separate, no less important and complex task. In this article, we propose to consider protein identification only as a problem of statistical inference, and also describe a number of methods that can be used to solve it. We classify the existing approaches into (1) rule-based methods, (2) combinatorial optimization methods, and (3) probabilistic inference methods. Integer programming and Bayesian inference frameworks are used to represent methods. We also discuss the main problems of protein identification and suggest possible solutions to these problems.
ANALYSIS OF NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF POISSON EQUATION BY ILU (0)-CG METHOD
Authors: Abdurakhimova A. A. , Kassymbek N. M. , Mamyrbayev O. Zh.
Published: April 2021

The problem of generalization of the method is the main question that arises when studying the quality of iterative methods. The efficiency of solving systems using iterative methods directly depends on the assumptions about the system of equations to be solved. Prerequisites are used to provide a more efficient solution. Many types of prerequisites are currently known, for example, prerequisites based on the approximation of the system matrix: ILU, IQR, and ILQ; Prerequisites based on the approximation of the inverse matrix: a polynomial, rarely filled approximation of the inverse matrix (for example, AINV), an approximation in the factorized form of the inverse matrix (for example, FSAI, SPAI, etc.). This article analyzes the CG and CG methods with the preconditioner ILU (0) by the example of solving the two-dimensional Poisson equation. The CG method is usually used to solve any system of linear equations. ILU (0) was selected as a prerequisite for the article. The incomplete LU decomposition (ILU (0)) is an efficient precursor and is easily implemented. This suggests a system that can be solved to speed up the accumulation of CG and other iterative methods, that is, to reduce the number of iterations. The ILU (0) preconditioner is very easy to detect using the LU decomposition. Since the linear matrix was rarely filled, the CSR format was used to store the matrix in memory. ILU (0) + CG, i.e. the algorithm with a precondition, was assembled 5-8 times faster than the CG algorithm. Data on the number of iterations of convergence of the method without a preconditioner and with the ILU(0) preconditioner were obtained and analyzed.
RESEARCH ON THE RECOGNITION OF CYBER ATTACKS ON THE SITE
Authors: Raimov M. E. , Mukasheva A. K. , Isayeva G. B. , Nuralbay K.
Published: April 2021

The rapid development of the Internet has brought with it both positive and negative aspects. Every year, there are more and more people and methods that want to steal information and disrupt the work of the resource, to carry out other similar actions. In this regard, the issue of site resistance to various attacks becomes particularly relevant, that is, it leads to the emergence of a large number of projects that help web application developers to improve the reliability of their products. In fact, actions such as testing and polling a website, searching for web applications, allow you to determine as a good warning measure the shortcomings of application development and closed testing show that, in this way, it is possible to determine whether an application is resistant to information security.
THE METHOD OF FINDING ADEQUATE MATHEMATICAL MODELS DESCRIBING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIO ENGINEERING DEVICES
Authors: Boikachov P. V. , Yerzhan A. A. , Isaev V. O. , Dubovik I. A. , Marat A.
Published: April 2021

The method of finding adequate mathematical models of radio engineering devices in an analytical form is proposed. RES, as a rule, is a very complex technical object that includes a large number of components with diverse connections between them, the hierarchy of construction of which can be represented in the form of a kind of pyramid. In this regard, there is a simulation of radio-electronic devices, which can be carried out at all levels of the "pyramid". Modeling at its lower levels, including semiconductor devices, links, cascades, etc., is reduced to describing their operation using a matrix, equation, formula, graph, or table. Such a mathematical model should, on the one hand, accurately reflect the physical processes in the object under study, and on the other - be suitable for use on a PC. In some cases, the mathematical model is the result of analytical or numerical analysis of the physical model of the object, but most often-experimental studies. Processing, including statistical processing, of the available data array that characterizes the operation of the cascade or element, is carried out using a PC. The operation of an object can also be defined in the form of its response or reaction to an input action without penetrating into the essence of the physical processes occurring inside the device.
Europa Postmediaevalis 2020: Post-medieval pottery in the spare time
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Matějková Kristýna
Published: April 2021

'Post-medieval pottery in the spare time' is a collection of papers planned for what would have been the second Europa Postmediaevalis conference. The focus is on the Early Modern period (15th to 18th centuries) and the growing use of new ceramic forms for leisure activities. Although the conference itself could not be held, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the volume nevertheless brings together 28 contributions from authors from nine countries, from Portugal to Russia, from Italian Sardinia to Polish Stargard. A finds assemblage from the United Arab Emirates published by Portuguese colleagues, represents the tenth country. The volume comprises several subtopics which at first glance seem diverse. And yet, be they smoking, drinking coffee or alcohol, garden strolls or games, they share one thing in common: they are hobbies and vices enjoyed mainly in one’s free time. In the Early Modern period, these were typically activities of a rather luxurious nature, initially reserved for those with loftier positions in society but which, over time, gradually filtered down to the lower economic classes. It is therefore not surprising that the greater demand for new activities was also reflected in pottery production. As such, new ceramic forms such as cups, pipes and flowerpots began to appear in Early Modern archaeological assemblages and form the basis of this anthology. The volume will provide readers with useful comparison assemblages and serve as a source of inspiration for subsequent research.
The Magic of Computer Science
Authors: Kossmann Donald
Published: April 2021

We are living in the era of digital transformation. Computers are rapidly becoming the most important tool for companies, science, society, and indeed our everyday life. We all need a basic understanding of Computer Science to make sense of the world, to make decisions, and to improve our lives. Yet there are many misunderstandings about Computer Science. The reason is that it is a nascent discipline that has evolved rapidly and had to reinvent itself several times over the last 100 years – from the beginnings of scientific computing to the modern era of smartphones and the cloud. This book gives an intuitive introduction to the foundations and main concepts of Computer Science. It describes the basic ideas of solving problems with algorithms, modern data-driven approaches, and artificial intelligence (AI). It also provides many examples that require no background in technology. This book is directed toward teenagers who may wonder whether they should major in Computer Science, though it will also appeal to anyone who wants to immerse themselves in the art of Computer Science and modern information technology. Of course, not everyone must become a computer expert, but everyone should take advantage of and understand the innovations and advances of modern technology.
Empowerment von Frauen in Bildung und Arbeitsmarktintegration / L'autonomisation des femmes dans le domaine de l'éducation et l'intégration dans le marché du travail
Authors: Tesch-Ntad Germaine
Published: April 2021

Die Studie analysiert die entwicklungspolitischen Maßnahmen des Bundesministeriums für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (BMZ) in Mali und im Senegal. Dabei wird insbesondere erörtert, inwieweit sich die BMZ Leitlinien in den Maßnahmen zum Empowerment von Frauen und Mädchen in den Bereichen Bildung und Arbeitsmarktintegration in den dortigen Ländern umsetzen lassen. Bis dato gibt es nur eine begrenzte Anzahl von Publikationen zum Empowerment von Frauen in Bildung und Arbeitsmarktintegration in Westafrika. Diese Arbeit ist eine der ersten, die konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen auf Grundlage von Expertenwissen aufweisen kann. Das Buch enthält den Text in einer deutsch- und in einer französischsprachigen Version.
The Relationship Between Cognitive Performance Using Tests Assessing a Range of Cognitive Domains and Future Dementia Diagnosis in a British Cohort: A Ten-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Hayat Shabina A. , Luben Robert , Khaw Kay-Tee , Brayne Carol
Published: April 2021

Background: Exploring the domains of cognitive function which are most strongly associated with future dementia may help with understanding risk factors for, and the natural history of dementia. Objective: To examine the association of performance on a range of cognitive tests (both global and domain specific) with subsequent diagnosis of dementia through health services in a population of relatively healthy men and women and risk of future dementia. Methods: We examined the association between performance on different cognitive tests as well as a global score and future dementia risk ascertained through health record linkage in a cohort of 8,581 individuals (aged 48–92 years) between 2004–2019 with almost 15 years follow-up (average of 10 years) before and after adjustment for socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics. Results: Those with poor performance for global cognition (bottom 10%) were almost four times as likely to receive a dementia diagnosis from health services over the next 15 years than those who performed well HR = 3.51 (95% CI 2.61, 4.71 p < 0.001) after adjustment for socioeconomic, lifestyle, and biological factors and also prevalent disease. Poor cognition performance in multiple tests was associated with 10-fold increased risk compared to those not performing poorly in any test HR = 10.82 (95% CI 6.85, 17.10 p < 0.001). Conclusion: Deficits across multiple cognitive domains substantially increase risk of future dementia over and above neuropsychological test scores ten years prior to a clinical diagnosis. These findings may help further understanding of the natural history of dementia and how such measures could contribute to strengthening future models of dementia.
Fuzzy evaluation of adolescents’ health literacy based on early warning theory of psychological risk
Authors: Sheng Feng , Yang Peng
Published: April 2021

The mental health of adolescents not only affects their own healthy growth and success, but is also related to the future of the country and the development of the whole society. Based on the assessment and early warning of adolescents’ psychological problems, different ways to improve adolescents’ health literacy according to the psychological characteristics of adolescents at different ages were explored in this study. The methods of relative superior degree matrix evaluation, entropy value method, coefficient of variation method, subjective and objective weighting method and other methods were employed to establish the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation classification model. MATLAB, SPSS and other software were used for programming to analyze the impact of risk preference, cognitive needs, and decision-making style on the risk of psychological problems of teenagers. The obtained evaluation criterion was used to evaluate the psychological status of respondents. Finally, this study analyzed and established the early-warning mechanism based on the structure model in the system engineering theory, and proposed reasonable solutions to alleviate the risk of psychological problems from the perspective of reality and combines with conclusions.
Value for money evaluation for conversion of highway stock project from BT model to PPP model based on improved risk quantification method
Authors: Jiali Jiang , Jun Wang
Published: April 2021

With the accelerated urbanization progress, the governmental financial funds fail to satisfy the needs of highway project construction in some areas. The building-transfer (BT) model and public-private partnership (PPP) model have been carried out in succession in China to solve the shortage of financial funds. However, the emotion analysis method in Guide of Value for Money Evaluation for PPP Project (trial) enacted by the Ministry of Finance is of great subjectivity when applied to the calculation of risk quantification, which is the key to quantitative evaluation, so it is in urgent need of perfection through scientific methods to promote the implementation of PPP projects. On this basis, under the research background of conversion of a highway stock project from BT model to PPP model in city Z, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (HAHP) and set-valued statistics method were applied to the method improvement for the risk quantification part of value for money (VFM) evaluation cases in this project. The results show that the VFM (calculated based on the improved risk quantification method) of the BT-to-PPP model for the highway stock project in city Z is elevated from the original 248,240,000 RMB to 271,643,500 RMB. The conclusions can provide a certain reference basis for further improving China’s VFM evaluation system, and boosting the development of PPP model in China.
The prevalence of upper quadrants work-related musculoskeletal disorders and their predictors among registered nurses
Authors: Almhdawi Khader A. , Alrabbaie Hassan , Kanaan Saddam F. , Alahmar Moh’d Rami , Oteir Alaa O. , Mansour Zaid Modhi , Obeidat Donia S.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) represent a significant health challenge facing nurses. However, very few studies investigated the prevalence of WMSDs among nurses and their predictors comprehensively using a valid and reliable set of standardized outcome measures. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence WMSDs of upper quadrants and their predictors among registered nurses in Jordanian hospitals. METHODS: A cross-sectional study recruited 597 registered nurses from different hospitals in Jordan. A self-administered survey distributed in targeted hospitals wards. Outcome measures included Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), sociodemographic data, and manual handling and work habits. Prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints was reported using descriptive analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of WMSDs at each upper quadrant body site. RESULTS: Twelve-month WMSDs prevalence was the highest at the neck (61.1%), followed by the upper back (47.2%), shoulders (46.7%), wrist and hands (27.3%), and finally at the elbow (13.9%). Being a female, poor sleep quality, high physical activity level, poor ergonomics, increased workload, and mental stress were significant predictors of increased upper quadrant WMSDs among nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Upper quadrant WMSDs among nurses in Jordan are highly prevalent. Identified significant predictors of these WMSDs should be given full consideration by clinicians and health policymakers. Future studies are needed to reveal the progressive nature of upper quadrant WMSDs and strategies to modify their risk factors.
Diptera Muscomorpha
Authors: Marchiori Carlos Henrique
Published: April 2021

Some species of dipterous included in the infraorder Muscomorpha are of fundamental medical and veterinary importance, since they can produce myiasis and act towards transmission of pathogens to humans and animals. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of techniques for collecting and breeding Diptera Muscomorpha (flies) in the laboratory. The adults collected in the field were placed in a freezer for a period of 2 minutes, to be anesthetized by the cold facilitating the separation. After separation, the adults were transferred to a cage (30 cm long x 15 cm wide x 15 cm high) containing water-soaked gauze, a mixture of milk powder, brewer's yeast and sugar to feed them. For oviposition of adult females, minced meat (baits) was provided. This content with eggs and larvae was transferred to plastic cups containing fermented food for pupae development of larvae. The cups were later transferred to the adult cages for emergence. The fermented feed used as oviposition medium was the most attractive for females in the laboratory, but also maintained adequate humidity and temperature for egg development. The mixture of powdered milk, sugar and brewer's yeast was ideal for adult food. This substrate increased adult longevity and average egg productivity per female.
Using benthic diatom assemblages to assess sedimentary nutrient status in Tri An reservoir, Dong Nai province, Vietnam
Authors: Trần Yến Thị Hoàng , Trần Thái Thành , Ngô Quảng Xuân , Bùi Hà Mạnh , Phạm Lưu Thanh
Published: April 2021

Tri An Reservoir plays an important role in the water supply for Dong Nai province and Ho Chi Minh city. It also contributes significantly to increase underground water reserves in the vicinity, especially in the dry season. However, recently, the increase of nutritional compounds in the lake has contributed to eutrophication, causing serious deterioration of the quality of the environment, creating conditions for microalgae to thrive. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and zoning the sediment quality of the Tri An reservoir based on using benthic diatom communities as biological indicators as an indicator tool. Sediment and algae samples were collected from 8 survey locations in the Ho Tri An area from March to August in 2019. The results showed that the dominance of several species belonging to the genera that prefer to live in nutrient-rich environment such as Navicula, Nitzschia. The TDI index indicated the sediment environment had high nutrient contents. Water quality in the lower section of the reservoir was classified from eutrophic (even hyper-eutrophic) status, particularly stations into the reservoir. Meanwhile, upstream and downstream sites had lower nutrient levels, mainly excessive phosphorus but still in eutrophic class. Additionally, the initial analysis results also revealed that NH4 +, TN, PO4 3􀀀 and DO played a major role to regulate the development of benthic diatom assemblages.
Effects of drought stress on germination and seedling growth of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Trần Thắng Thanh
Published: April 2021

Peanut is am essential legume and has many uses, such as producing oil, food, and fodder. However, with the negative effects of climate change, drought is one especially of the important issues that reduce the yield of peanut. Thus, in this study, the impact of drought stress on the peanut growth was investigated by using PEG-6000 to block pathways of water movement. The changes in morphological, physiological, and biochemical during the peanut growth under drought were analyzed. In the drought condition (-2 bar), the germination time of seed increased but the percentage of germination seeds decreased by approximately 50% compared to control. Besides, the shoot height, the number of leaves, the total leaf area, root length, and fresh weight were lower than that of control. Drought stress made the formation quickly of secondary xylem and phloem. Also, the process of lignification in the phloem parenchyma cell increased. These cell walls were much thicker than those in the control root. In the drought stress, the physiological and biochemical analysis showed that the content of chlorophyll a, leaf relative water content, and starch content reduced significantly in comparison to control. Similarly, the photosynthetic intensity, the activity of cytokinin, and gibberellin decreased. The reverse pattern can be seen in the content of carotenoid, epicuticular wax, proline, and total soluble sugar, respiratory intensity, the activity of catalase, auxin, and ABA activity.
«Change everything so that nothing changes»: Right Regimes and Diplomacy in Brazil in the 20th Century
Authors:   University of São Paulo, Brasil, Caio Henrique Dias Duarte
Published: April 2021

In this article we will make a comparison between the political regimes and the diplomacy of Brazil in two periods of the 20th century: the final years of the period of the Liberal Republic, in the Goulart Government (1961-1964) and under the Military Dictatorship, with a special focus on the distension under the Geisel Government (1974-1979). We focus on the political organization of these periods, which can be considered crisis or transition periods, and in the same way, the continuities in their diplomatic contributions. Looking at the internal crises, it will discuss legal aspects of the two periods, such as the defective construction of parliamentarism and the Institutional Acts of the dictatorship. The comparison of internal and external politics will seek to demonstrate the similarities between the external objectives of the two governments despite their differences in regime and ideological orientation, addressing the Independent External Policy of parliamentarism under Goulart and Responsible and Ecumenical Pragmatism under Geisel dictatorial rule.
Reflection of social and political conflicts in cartoon on the example of the Barcelona satirical press of the 60-70s of the XIX century
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nataliya Andreevna Kuzina
Published: April 2021

This article is dedicated to the Catalan caricature of the mid-19th century. The thematic field is being investigated to which artists have been addressing for 20 years. After all, political, social and cultural shifts within Spanish society are reflected in the cartoons of the Barcelona press, for example, El Pájaro verde, El Pájaro azul, El Diablo suelto, La Flaca, La Madeja, La Campana de Gràcia, La Esquella de la Torratxa. The work identifies three periods: 1) from the 1860s to 1868, 2) The six democratic or revolutionary years, 3) the first years after the Restoration. 1860-1868 is the period when caricature was born and developed in Catalonia. It was in the 1860s that such great illustrators as Tomas Padro and José Luis Paleser emerged. In the Catalan satirical press, the period of The six democratic years was a time of creative upsurge and development of the genre of caricature, when artists could openly denounce the authorities and honestly talk about problems.
Where the fado is. On the centenary of the birth of Amalia Rodrigues
Authors:   Institute of Latin America of the Russian Academy of Cience, Natalia Konstantinova
Published: April 2021

The article is dedicated to the work of the famous Portuguese singer and actress Amalia Rodrigues and is timed to coincide with the 100th anniversary of her birth, which Portugal and fado fans around the world celebrated in 2020. Particular attention is paid to the impressions left by the fadishta tour in the USSR. Not everyone knows the versatility of Amalia Rodrigues, but she is also the author of many poems, most of which were included in the voluminous collection "Poems", published in 1997. Amalia also starred in many films for famous Portuguese and foreign directors, and no less successfully shone on the theater stage. But above all, Amalia was and remains the queen of fado.
Review: Jeifets V.L., Jeifets L.S. Latin America in the orbit of the world revolution.
Authors:   Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikolai Kalmykov
Published: April 2021

Review: Jeifets V.L., Jeifets L.S.Latin America in the orbit of the world revolution.
The prolegomena of Trotskyism in Argentina: the emergence of left oppositionism with-in the communist camp
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires (Argentina), Hernan Camarero
Published: April 2021

In Argentina, towards the end of the 1920s and in the first years of the following, outbreaks of a left oppositionism emerged in the communist camp, not only in the ranks of the "official" Communist Party, but also within its different dissent. These sectors, which identified with the International Left Opposition, led by the Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky, formed a particular stage of transition, before recognizing themselves in the assumed identity of Trotskyism, after 1933. What were the propaganda axes? of this Argentine oppositionism? What trajectories and profiles did your paintings express? How were the links with the outside and what comparison can be drawn with other countries? Why did fragmentation and the difficulty to consolidate itself as a movement continue after its precocious appearance and how did the characteristics of the communist camp affect itself? These and other questions are explored in this article
Digitalization in Ukraine’s economy in the context of world digitization
Authors: Dorosh-Kizym M. , Dadak O. , Dorosh M. , Babych L.
Published: April 2021

The world has entered the era of the fourth industrial revolution – a period in which digitalization plays perhaps the most significant role for production, and innovative technologies such as virtual reality, internet of things, artificial intelligence and robotics are fundamentally changing the way people work and the way they live. The backbone of modern society is a rapidly growing network of electronic knowledge and tools that includes manufacturers, suppliers, sellers, buyers and users of information in electronic form. The information sphere of the state directs its economic and innovative potential, and thus significantly affects other spheres, such as competitiveness in the international arena and the quality of citizens’ life. Today Ukraine is at a unique stage of development when there is a chance to make the so-called “digital leap” in key spheres of the economy. That is, to quickly move to a new stage of development in these spheres, bypassing intermediate stages, and starting to use modern systems at once, bypassing several generations of technologies. The percent of the digital economy in Ukraine is gradually steadily increasing, but the pace of its development is still low. In order to keep up with the world's leading economies forever, it is necessary to begin large-scale digitization of all industries as soon as possible, investing as much as possible in the development of digital infrastructures, innovations and modern technologies. Moreover, the country has potential, especially in the IT sphere, where Ukraine's position is quite good. Technologically, Ukraine is still in the last century because the state has very low domestic demand for technology. The actual tasks for Ukraine in this sphere, on the one hand, are the implementation of its own digital potential, and on the other, the implementation of relevant EU documents and projects into national legislation. In addition, it is important to develop the spheres of science and education, without which it is impossible to count on progress in the development of the information society and the knowledge economy. Every year, technologies go forward, new trends are gaining momentum, affecting all the schemes by which people do business in the digital world. And in order to stay ahead of the competition or even just to “stay in the game”, you need to learn to work with new tools, track trends and be flexible enough to adapt to these changes.
Evaluation of the Dispensing Rate of Isoniazid Used in the Preventive Treatment of Tuberculosis in a Service Specialized in HIV / AIDS
Authors: Santana Claudinei Alves , Gutierrez Eliana Battaggia
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome caused by the human immunodeficiency virus was one of the main epidemics of infectious diseases of the 20th century. Tuberculosis is a chronic, infectious and contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Both diseases interact becoming a major public health problem. Preventive treatment with isoniazid has an option for non-manifestation of tuberculosis. Treatment adhering is essential for successful prevention. Objective: To evaluate the rate of compliance with preventive treatment with isoniazid, measured through the dispensation of the drug in the pharmacy and the factors associated between subjects with HIV/AIDS and Latent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculousis followed in specialized service in the care of HIV/AIDS patients. Methodology: Retrospective and prospective, descriptive and analytical study with adult patients with HIV/AIDS in follow-up, Extension Service for the Care of HIV/AIDS Patients of the Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, using the Hospital Information and Management System (SIGH) implemented in the Outpatient Clinics and Pharmacy Service, and performing the analysis of association between the variables of interest and outcome through the student’s t-test with 95% CI, being considered with statistical significance p ≤ 5%. Results: We included 161 subjects who participated in the study being 78.9% male, 67.7% under 50 years of age, 87.0% with more than 5 years of HIV infection, and complications during preventive treatment were present in 12.4% (20). The rate of adhering to preventive treatment with isoniazid in medical records and electronic prescription was 96% and 83%, respectively, both being higher than 80% according to the recommendation of the World Health Organization and there was no association between the variables of interest and outcome. Conclusion: The high rate can be partially justified by practices adopted in medical and pharmaceutical care such as scheduling drug dispensing dates, unification for dispensing of different medications on the same date, information in the pharmacy about factors that increase the effectiveness of treatment. The adequate care and care provided was ultimately the great responsible for the results achieved.
Presentación
Authors: Dutra e Silva Sandro
Published: April 2021

Presentación