bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarına Yönelik Tutumlarının Bazı Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: YILMAZ Sümeyra , AYDOĞDU Bülent
Published: December 2020

Küreselleşen, değişen ve büyüyen dünya ile birlikte enerji tüketimi de hızla artmıştır. Fosil yakıtların bir gün tükenecek olması ve çevreye verdikleri zarardan dolayı yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları ön plana çıkmaktadır. Sürdürülebilir bir yaşam için yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının farkına varmak ve bilinçli toplumlar yetiştirmek için eğitim kaçınılmazdır. Bu görev de başta öğretmenler olmak üzere, bütün eğitimcilere büyük sorumluluklar vermektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına yönelik tutumlarının, akademik ortalama, cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, çevre dersi alma değişkenlerine göre incelemektir. 139 fen bilgisi öğretmen adayına dört alt boyut ve toplam 26 maddeden oluşan “Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” uygulanmış, verilerin analiz edilme sürecinde istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları incelendiğinde fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına karşı tutumları cinsiyet ve çevre dersi alma durumuna göre anlamlı olarak değişirken, sınıf düzeyine göre anlamlı farklılaşma tespit edilmemiştir.
TÜBİTAK Ortaokul Öğrencileri Araştırma Projelerinin Bilimsel Danışmanlık Süreci Yönetimi: Fen Bilimleri Örneği
Authors: ARTVİNLİ Eyüp , ÇETİNTAŞ Hale , TERZİ İrfan
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı fen bilimleri öğretmenlerinin proje tabanlı öğrenme yaklaşımı ile TÜBİTAK Ortaokul Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Yarışmasına proje hazırlamadaki bilimsel danışmanlık sürecinin ve gelişimlerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırma eylem araştırması olarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın uygulaması 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında Eskişehir ilinde özel bir okulda 2 fen bilimleri öğretmeni ve 11 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın verileri, öğretmen ön bilgi formu, araştırmacı günlüğü ve notları, video kayıtları, öğrenci proje raporları ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan nitel veriler tümevarım analizi ile analiz edilmiştir. Toplanan verilerden; öğretmenlerin eylem adımı başlangıcında, eylem sürecinde karşılaştıkları güçlükler ve güçlüklere karşı geliştirdikleri ve uyguladıkları eylem planlarının nasıl olduğuna ilişkin bulgular elde edilmiştir. Eylem planlarına ilişkin öğretmen görüşlerinin neler olduğuna yönelik bulgular elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca eylem planlarının öğrenci faaliyetlerine yansımalarının nasıl olduğuna yönelik bulgular elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda yapılan uygulamaların, öğretmenlerin mesleki gelişimine olumlu katkı sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bilimsel danışmanlık sürecine ilişkin geliştirilen eylem planlarının, planlı, aşamalı ve uygulamalı olması olumlu katkı sağlamıştır. Öğretmenlerin toplantılarda bilimsel danışmanlık konusunda sergileyecekleri davranışları tartışmaları öğretmenlere olumlu yönde katkı sağlamıştır. Öğretmenlerin proje hazırlamada eğitime ve bir rehbere ihtiyaç duydukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin proje çalışmalarında başlıca proje hazırlama, konu belirleme, rapor yazma, zaman, maddiyat ve okul yönetimi konularında güçlük yaşadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Feature Analysis Detection Algorithms-Review Paper
Authors: Mahadik Prof. Sheetal , Ravat Namrata J. , Singh Kunal Y. , Yadav Suvita D.
Published: December 2020

Back within the 1950s, Minsky and McCarthy described AI as any task performed by a program or a machine that, if a person administered an equivalent activity, we can say that he had to use his intelligence to accomplish the task. Neural networks help us to train and process Machines. These are brain-inspired networks of interconnected layers, called neurons, that feed data into one another. During the training of those neural networks, the weights attached to different inputs will still be varied until the output from the neural network is extremely on the brink of what is desired, at which point the network will have 'learned' the way to perform a specific task. A subset of machine learning is deep learning, where neural networks are expanded into sprawling networks with an enormous number of layers that are trained using massive amounts of knowledge. It is these deep neural networks that have fuelled the present breakthrough within the ability of computers to hold out tasks like speech recognition and computer vision.
Color Intensity: A Study of RPPG Algorithm for Heart Rate Estimation
Authors:   Dept. of Computer Technology, YCCE, Maharashtra, India., R. Singh Dr. Kavita , Sinhal Ruchika ,   Dept. of CSE DMIETR, Maharashtra, India., Wasalwar Ravi ,   T-Mobile, Reston, Virginia, USA., Dr. K. O Gupta ,   Dept. Of CSE DMIETR Maharashtra, India.
Published: December 2020

With the growing advancements and development in the field of digital image processing and computer vision, an individual’s heart pulse can be extracted from the human skin surfaces. This method is termed as remote photoplethysmography (rPPG). The method can be applied from the video recorded from the consumer-based mobile camera also. In this paper, the work presented has mainly twofold goals. Firstly to develop a fruitful yet simple rPPG algorithm that should be simple for any individual to understand and implement that will increase the understanding of the rPPG subject. Secondly, to compare the algorithm designed for the RGB color model with the state-of-art rPPG algorithms developed and presented in the literature. And finally, we present the comparative analysis of rPPG algorithms reported in the literature with our proposed rPPG algorithm which is simple and has demonstrated comparably high performance for the green channel as compared to other algorithms.
Application of Sensors for Streetlight Automation in Industry and Energy Conservation – A Case Study
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India., Kamble Nikita , Moharil Dr. Ravindra ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India., Shirsat Kiran ,   Department of Plant Engineering and Maintenance, TAL Manufacturing Solutions Limited, Nagpur, India.
Published: December 2020

Sustainable development of the country is possible by adapting various energy conservation measures. Energy conservation helps in using energy in effectivemanner. Application of advanced technology and improved operation and maintenance practices contributes towards energy conservation. Smart streetlight framework is an essential piece of the smart city, which represents 10-40% aggregate power utilization in the city. In this paper the energy audit report is presented for streetlights in the industry and also presented various energy conservation measures with the help of sensors and automation. It was observed that Passive Infra-red (PIR) sensor helps a lot in saving energy where movement of people is low.
Sketch Based Data Retrieval Using Reversible Data Hiding on Images
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Engineering, Pacific Academy of Higher Education and Research University, Udaipur, India., Birari Dipika , Hiran Dilendra ,   Pacific Institute of Computer Application, Udaipur, India., Narawade Viabhav ,   Department of Computer Engineering, Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Navi Mumbai, India.
Published: December 2020

Sketch Based Image Retrieval as name suggests is a branch of image retrieval that searches the images based on sketches. The sketches bridge the gap between imagination and real images. Sketches act as powerful searching tool in image retrieval. It efficiently uses the data hiding technique, which is a watermarking technique and can be used for embedding messages into images. A message can be embedded into color images without changing its grayscale version. Embedding of messages was thus done using unchanged gray version. It can also extract the messages. This unchanged grayscale version is maintained from message embedding to extraction process. This concept of watermarking generates SBIDR valuable, because many applications or algorithms for color images are based on its corresponding grayscale version. Embedding of data is carried out into in three-color channels of color image and in gray value of Sketch Image. Sketch image is encrypted with key, which will be required at the time of message extraction process after SBIR. In this way grayscale invariance is maintained which made the Sketch Based Retrieval more effective.
Pembauran Kebangsaan Dalam Perspektif Pendidikan
Authors: Winarno Ronny
Published: December 2020

Forum Pembauran Kebangsaan (FKP) merupakan wadah penguatan tentang kebangsaan dalam lingkup perspektif pendidikan. Melalui FKP setiap orang bisa ikut andil berperan aktif dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup rakyat, menjaga keserasian dan keselarasan hidup untuk menjamin terwujudnya masyarakat adil dan makmur berdasarkan Pancasila dan UUD NRI 1945. Terdapat tiga manfaat kegiatan yang ingin dicapai yaitu pada aspek pendidikan, aspek pemerintahan dan aspek sosial. Hakikat pembauran kebangsaan pada prinsipnya merupakan integrasi anggota masyarakat dari berbagai ras, suku, etnis, melalui interaksi sosial dalam bidang bahasa, adat istiadat, seni budaya, pendidikan dan perekonomian untuk mewujudkan kebangsaan Indonesia dengan tetap mempertahankan karak-teristik bangsa Indonesia dengan identitas ras, suku dan etnis masing-masing guna mempertahankan keutuhan NKRI. Dalam kegiatan ini yang lebih di angkat adalah peran pembauran kebangsaan dalam lingkup pendidikan sehingga ouputnya bisa memaksimalkan pada entitas karakter; politik; bela negara; bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegaraKata : Pembauran Kebangsaan, Pendidikan
Pembentukan Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat Kelurahan Gadingkasri, Kota Malang
Authors: Yudhistiro Kukuh , Sonalitha Elta , Rosyadi Hudan Eka , Pratama Aditya Hidayat
Published: December 2020

Peningkatan mutu kinerja pemerintah untuk mengakomodir pelayanan kepada masyarakat dapat diwujudkan dengan integrasi melalui e-government. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan platform web. E-government dinilai sebagai usaha pemerintah dalam menunjukkan pelayanannya yang efisien dan transparan. Beberapa diantaranya adalah menerbitkan informasi kepemerintahan dan meningkatkan demokasi politik, menyediakan layanan online dan memaksimalkan nilai pelayanan publik, mempercepat proses berbagi sumber daya dan meningkatkan proses pengambilan keputusan, meningkatkan otomasi kantor dan meingkatkan efisiensi administratif. Dengan demikian masyarakat atau kelompok tertentu dalam hal ini mitra Kelurahan Gadingkasri dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi atau data yang terkait dengan permasalahan dan solusi yang ada dalam masyarakat, yang nantinya akan mampu meningkatkan produktifitas dari wilayah Kelurahan Gadingkasri. Kominfo membentuk sebuah sarana yang diberi nama KIM (Kelompok Informasi Masyarakat) dimana KIM ini yang nantinya akan memberikan informasi atau data disuatu daerah tertentu, dan KIM ini menggunakan teknologi berbasis web yang akan diterapkan di Kelurahan Gadingkasri. Kata kunci: KIM, informasi masyarakat, website
Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Lorjuk Pada Kelompok Wanita Pesisir Dalam Peningkatan Perekonomian
Authors: Hidayat M. Taufiq , Suprianto Suprianto , Ardila Rahmawati
Published: December 2020

Permintaan konsumen terhadap lorjuk dapat dikatakan relatife stabil bahkan meningkat karena lorjuk merupakan komoditas perikanan yang bisa diolah menjadi berbagai macam olahan makanan seperti soto lorjuk, rengginang lorjuk, lorjuk goreng, campur lorjuk dan masih banyak lagi. Hasil olahan yang biasa dijual ditoko adalah “lorjuk“ goreng rengginang lorjuk, kacang lorjuk dan petis lorjuk. Sedangkan untuk memperolehnya perlu proses yang cukup panjang dan tidak mudah sehingga stok lorjuk menjadi terbatas. Dengan terbatasnya stok tersebut maka harganya menjadi sangat mahal. Hal ini sesuai denganhasil wawancara langsung dengan para pencari dan pengepul lorjuk di Kabupaten Pamekasan           Riset ini bertujuanUntuk menganalisis gambaran usaha pengolahan lorjuk lorjuk di Desa Lembung kacamatan Galis, Untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan usaha pengolahan lorjuk.  Penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai tambahan ilmu pengetahuan serta literature dalam pengembangan usaha pengolahan lorjuk dalam masyarakat daerahPenelitian dapat di jadikan referensi pada kabupaten di Desa Lembung Kacamatan Galis  Strategi pengembangan usaha pengolahan lorjuk untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat yang tepat. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi faktor IFAS dan EFAS dari matrik IE dalam analisis internal peroleh total 3,36 dan analisis eksternal memperoleh total 3,42  dan matrik IE di katakan tinggi , berupa angka angka kemudian di inventarisasi kedalam Matriks IFAS dan EFAS (Tabel 10). Fokus analisis dan skoring yaitu diperoleh sumbu x = 2,32 dan sumbu y = 1,74. Posisi ini menandakan strategi progresif (kuadran I; positif) dimana sebuah usaha pengolahan yang kuat dan berpeluang. Kata Kunci: Strategi Pengembangan Usaha , Lorjuk, Lembung
KREDIBILITAS PORTAL BERITA ONLINE DALAM PEMBERITAAN COVID-19 (STUDI KASUS TRIBUN BALI PERIODE MARET-JUNI 2020)
Authors: Wafi Ahmad Abdul , Haes Putri Ekaresty
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pemberitaan mengenai Gugus Tugas penanganan Covid-19 di ketiga media online tersebut edisi Maret - Juni 2020. Empat tahap Framing Entmant mencakup: Define Problem, Diagnose Cause, Make moral judgment dan Treatment recommendation. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis framing Robert N. Entman dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Define Problem dalam pemberitaan berkaitan dengan kebijakan pemerintah dalam menggandeng para influencer dinilai bukan pilihan yang tepat, Diagnose cause ditunjukkan dalam bentuk sikap acuh para khalayak umum dalam menanggapi pandemi Covid-19, Make moral judgment dalam bentuk penegasan bahwa bentuk kontribusi mereka kepada negara, dan treatment recommendation yang ditawarkan adalah pemerintah membekali influencer pemahaman yang kuat terkait covid-19 sebelum menjadi mediator penyampai pesan bagi milenial. Media online merupakan ruang publik yang dianggap penting sebagai rujukan dalam meningkatkan literasi informasi masyarakat, sehingga pemberitaannya diharapkan agar lebih objektif dan mendidik.Kata kunci : analisis framing,  kebijakan pemerintah, covid-19.
Long time series of daily evapotranspiration in China based on the
SEBAL model and multisource images and validation
Authors: Cheng Minghan , Jiao Xiyun , Li Binbin , Yu Xun , Shao Mingchao , Jin Xiuliang
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Satellite observations of evapotranspiration (ET) have been widely used for water resources management in China. An accurate ET product with a high spatiotemporal resolution is required for research on drought stress and water resources management. However, such a product is currently lacking. Moreover, the performances of different ET estimation algorithms for China have not been clearly studied, especially under different environmental conditions. Therefore, the aims of this study were as follows: (1) to use multisource images to generate a long time series (2001–2018) daily ET product with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km based on the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL); (2) to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the SEBAL ET in China using flux observational data and hydrological observational data; (3) to compare the performance of the SEBAL ET with the MOD16 ET product at the point-scale and basin-scale under different environmental conditions in China. At the point-scale, both the models performed best in the conditions of forest cover, subtropical zones, hilly terrain, or summer, respectively, and SEBAL performed better in most conditions. In general, the accuracy of the SEBAL ET (rRMSE = 44.91 %) was slightly higher than that of the MOD16 ET (rRMSE = 48.72 %). In the basin-scale validation, both the models performed better than in the point-scale validation, with SEBAL obtaining superior results (rRMSE = 19.15 %) to MOD16 (rRMSE = 33.62 %). Additionally, both the models showed a negative bias, with the bias of the MOD16 ET being higher than that of the SEBAL ET. In the daily-scale validation, the SEBAL ET product showed an RMSE of 0.92 mm/d and an r-value of 0.79. In general, the SEBAL ET product can be used for the qualitative analysis and most quantitative analysis of regional ET. SEBAL ET product is freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4218413 (Cheng, 2020). The results of this study can provide a reference for the application of remotely sensed ET products and the improvement of satellite ET observation algorithms.
Black carbon modelling in urban areas: investigating the influence
of resuspension and non-exhaust emissions in streets using the
Street-in-Grid (SinG) model
Authors: Lugon Lya , Vigneron Jérémy , Debert Christophe , Chrétien Olivier , Sartelet Karine
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is a primary and inert pollutant often used as a traffic tracer. Even though its concentrations are generally low at regional scale, BC presents very high concentrations in streets (local scale), potentially causing important effects on human health and environment. modelling studies of BC concentrations usually underestimate BC concentrations, because of uncertainties in both emissions and modelling. Both exhaust and non-exhaust traffic emissions present uncertainties, but those on non-exhaust emissions, such as tyre, brake and road wear and particle resuspension, are particularly high. In terms of modelling, the street models do not always consider the two-way interactions between the local and regional scales, i.e. the influence of the high BC concentrations observed in streets on the urban background concentrations, which can enhance the BC concentrations in streets. This study uses the multi-scale Street-in-Grid model (SinG) to simulate BC concentrations in a Paris suburb street-network, taking into account the two-way coupling between local and regional scales. The BC concentrations in streets proved to have an important influence on urban background concentrations. The two-way dynamic coupling leads to an increase in BC concentrations in large streets with high traffic emissions (with a maximal increase of about 48 %), and a decrease in narrow streets with low traffic emissions and low BC concentrations (with a maximal decrease of about 50 %). A new approach to estimate particle resuspension in streets is implemented, strictly respecting the mass balance on the street surface. The resuspension rate is calculated from the available deposited mass on the street surface, which is estimated based on a particle deposition and wash-off parametrizations adapted to street-canyon geometries. The simulations show that particle resuspension presents a low contribution to black carbon concentrations, as the deposited mass is not significant enough to justify high resuspension rates. Non-exhaust emission, such as brake and tyre and road wear, largely contribute to BC emissions, with a contribution equivalent to exhaust emissions. Here, emission factors of tyre, brake and road wear are calculated based on the literature, and a sensitivity analysis of these emission factors on BC concentrations in streets is performed. The model to measurement comparison shows that tyre-emission factors usually used in Europe are probably under-estimated, and tyre-emission factors coherent with some studies of the literature and the comparison performed here are proposed.
A procedure for deriving new ODE models: Using the generalized linear chain trick to incorporate phase-type distributed delay and dwell time assumptions
Authors: Hurtado Paul , Richards Cameron
Published: December 2020

Ordinary differential equations models have a wide variety of applications in the fields of mathematics, statistics, and the sciences. Though they are widely used, these models are sometimes viewed as inflexible with respect to the incorporation of time delays. The Generalized Linear Chain Trick (GLCT) serves as a way for modelers to incorporate much more flexible delay or dwell time distribution assumptions than the usual exponential and Erlang distributions. In this paper we demonstrate how the GLCT can be used to generate new ODE models by generalizing or approximating existing models to yield much more general ODEs with phase-type distributed delays or dwell times.
High order mimetic difference simulation of unsaturated flow using Richards equation
Authors: Boada Velazco Angel , Corbino Johnny , Castillo Jose
Published: December 2020

The vadose zone is the portion of the subsurface above the water table and its pore space usually contains air and water. Due to the presence of infiltration, erosion, plant growth, microbiota, contaminant transport, aquifer recharge, and discharge to surface water, it is crucial to predict the transport rate of water and other substances within this zone. However, flow in the vadose zone has many complications as the parameters that control it are extremely sensitive to the saturation of the media, leading to a nonlinear problem. This flow is referred as unsaturated flow and is governed by Richards equation. Analytical solutions for this equation exists only for simplified cases, so most practical situations require a numerical solution. Nevertheless, the nonlinear nature of Richards equation introduces challenges that causes numerical solutions for this problem to be computationally expensive and, in some cases, unreliable. High order mimetic finite difference operators are discrete analogs of the continuous differential operators and have been extensively used in the fields of fluid and solid mechanics. In this work, we present a numerical approach involving high order mimetic operators along with a Newton root-finding algorithm for the treatment of the nonlinear component. Fully-implicit time discretization scheme is used to deal with the problem’s stiffness.
Preface: Thematic Issue in Mathematical Biology and Applied Evolutionary Equations
Authors: Vaidya Naveen K. , Adhikari Dhruba R.
Published: December 2020

Preface: Thematic Issue in Mathematical Biology and Applied Evolutionary Equations
Evaluation of Urinary Sphincter Function by Rapid Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Authors: Schmid Florian A. , Gomolka Ryszard S. , Hötker Andreas M. , Boss Andreas , Kessler Thomas M. , Rossi Cristina , Eberli Daniel
Published: December 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a rapid diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for evaluation of the female urinary sphincter function based on differentiation between rest and muscle contraction.Methods: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lower pelvis was performed at 3 Tesla in 10 healthy female volunteers (21–36 years; body mass index, 20.8±3.6 kg/m2) between June and July 2019. High-resolution T1- and T2-weighted images were acquired for anatomical reference, and following DTI performed in 4 experiment phases: twice during rest (denoted rest-1, rest-2) and contraction (contraction-1, contraction-2). Manual segmentation of the urinary sphincter and the levator ani muscles were performed by 2 independent readers. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values derived from DTI volumes were compared in search for significant differences between the experiment phases. Interreader agreement was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results: Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between MD values among all the experiment phases, by both independent readers (1st: X2 [3,76]=17.16, P<0.001 and 2nd: X2 [3,76]=15.88, P<0.01). Post hoc analysis revealed differences in MD values by both readers between: rest-1 vs. contraction-1 (least P<0.05), rest-1 vs. contraction-2 (P<0.01), rest-2 vs. contraction-1 (P<0.03), rest-2 vs. contraction-2 (P=0.02) with overall mean ‘rest’ to ‘contraction’ ΔMD=20.6%. No MD or FA differences were found between rest-1 vs. rest-2 and contraction-1 vs. contraction-2 among all the experiment phases, and interreader agreement was ICC=0.85 (MD) and ICC=0.79 (FA).Conclusions: Rapid DTI might prospectively act as a supporting tool for the evaluation of female pelvic floor muscle function, and incontinence assessment.
Genome Structure and Organization in Plant Viruses
Authors: Güneş Nihan , Gümüş Mustafa
Published: December 2020

Viral agents that are obligate plant pathogens have different shapes and sizes and usually consist of nucleic acid and protein coat. They are different from other plant pathogens due to their unique structure. Viral genomes contain information necessary for replication of viruses and expression of their genes in plant. Many viral agents that cause disease in plants contain RNA as nucleic acid. Viral genome, which plays a direct role in the mechanism of disease in plants, plays an important role in evolutionary processes due to various external factors. It is known that genomes of viruses which cause problem on cultivated plants undergo genetic changes quite frequently. A variety of molecular biology techniques that are advancing day by day allow us to analyze and modify genomes on molecular level. Since genomes of plant viruses are small in size, they are suitable for researches on molecular level and great number of researches have been done in the last 50 years. Thus, it is possible to have better understanding of the organization of genomes. Understanding the genome structure of viruses offers an insight into their identification and development of control strategies.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Liu Maggie
Published: December 2020

Aquatic Science and Technology (AST) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AST publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 1Analía Ale, Instituto Nacional de Limnologia (CONICET, UNL), ArgentinaDeniz Anıl Odabaşı, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, TurkeyForat Yasir AlJaberi, Al-Muthanna University, IraqIgor Z. Zubrzycki, Hanyang University, PolishLevent BAT, Sinop University Fisheries Faculty, TurkeyTai-Sheng Cheng, National University of Taiwan, Taiwan Maggie LiuAquatic Science and TechnologyMacrothink Institute*************************************5348 Vegas Dr.#825Las Vegas, Nevada 89108United StatesTel: 1-702-953-1852 ext. 524Fax: 1-702-420-2900E-mail 1: ast@macrothink.orgE-mail 2: ast@macrothink.comWebsite: http://ast.macrothink.org
Shavian Arias and Virtuosity: Patrick Mason on Directing Shaw
Authors: Houlihan Barry
Published: December 2020

This interview with award-winning director and former artistic director of the Abbey Theatre, Dublin, Patrick Mason, features a detailed discussion with Mason, regarding his experiences in directing works by Bernard Shaw in Ireland. Mason offers insights from when he first worked as a voice coach on the production of Saint Joan at the Abbey in 1972, directed by Lelia Doolan, and on his later career as a director. Mason discusses directing Shaw at the Gate Theatre along with a series of other Anglo-Irish plays during the 1980s; directing Shaw at the Abbey Theatre including his 1998 production of Saint Joan that starred Jane Brennan; how Shaw is situated today within the canon of Irish and national drama; how Shaw and his plays meet contemporary audiences; and the wider legacy(ies) of Shaw to the theater today.
Judging Shaw: An Exhibition
Authors: Hegarty Ruth , O'Toole Fintan , Houlihan Barry
Published: December 2020

George Bernard Shaw has left a vast legacy of theatrical, fictional, polemical, critical, and philosophical writing. The first person to win both a Nobel Prize and an Academy Award, Shaw bridges the Victorian era and the contemporary culture of celebrity. The GBS brand came to be recognized globally as referring to an Irish provocateur with a red beard and startling opinions. He was a master of self-invention, a nobody who captured the zeitgeist and one of the first private individuals to understand fully how to generate—and how to use—global fame. The Royal Irish Academy and the National University of Ireland, Galway created a companion exhibition to the publication Judging Shaw by Fintan O'Toole (Royal Irish Academy, 2017). We reproduce the content of the exhibition for readers of SHAW, but the exhibition must be seen in person to appreciate the design and full impact. The touring exhibition is available for loan.
Judging Shaw—A Play Extract: Sketches on the Life (and Afterlife) of George Bernard Shaw
Authors: Murphy Colin
Published: December 2020

Based on the book Judging Shaw by Fintan O'Toole, and featuring excerpts from Shaw's letters, articles, prefaces, and plays.
Gender and interpretation in Greek: Comments on Merchant (2014)
Authors: Sudo Yasutada , Spathas Giorgos
Published: December 2020

Merchant (2014, “Gender mismatches under nominal ellipsis”, Lingua, 151: 9–32) makes the following two claims about nominal ellipsis in (Modern) Greek. (i) There are three classes of MASCULINE-FEMININE noun pairs that differ in whether nominal ellipsis with gender mismatch is possible. (ii) Nominal ellipsis with gender mismatch is possible in predicative positions but not in argument positions. We take issue with both of these claims. Our qualms about (i) are relatively minor. It appears that his primary data are hard to replicate, but we present novel sets of data involving focus constructions that also demonstrate that Greek has three classes of MASCULINE-FEMININE noun pairs. As for (ii), we argue that it is empirically inaccurate and nominal ellipsis with gender mismatch is in fact possible in argument positions as well. This is problematic for the analysis Merchant develops, as it is tailored to derive (ii). Furthermore, we argue that his analysis does not give a straightforward account of our observations about focus constructions. We put forward an alternative account of the interpretation of gendered nouns according to which there are three types of nouns with gender inferences: (a) those that have gender inferences in both assertive and presuppositional dimensions of meaning, (b) those that only have gender inferences in the presuppositional dimension of meaning, and (c) those that do not have gender inferences in their semantics but through competition with the opposite gender (gender competition).
Deconstructing Voice. The syntax and semantics of u-syncretism in Spanish
Authors: Saab Andrés
Published: December 2020

This paper focuses on a well-known pattern of systematic syncretism in Spanish se constructions. Detailed syntactic and semantic analyses are provided with the aim of sustaining two main theses. First, I conceive of se as a probe for A-movement. This probe is merged with Voice in order to satisfy a subcategorization restriction. Yet, being defective, it cannot receive a θ-role from Voice. As a probe it looks for a goal in its complement domain. If there is such a goal, then it A-moves to Spec,VoiceP, position in which it agrees with se and receives an additional agent θ-role from Voice, if there is one. This results in most, if not all, instances of the so-called “paradigmatic” se (se reflexives, inherent se, benefactive se and so on). There are cases in which there is no such a goal for se. In those scenarios, Agree fails and the clitic receives third person singular by default. This results in the so-called “non-paradigmatic” se (essentially, passive/impersonal se). Second, at LF, these two syntactic scenarios feed two different LF realizations. Whenever se has a goal with which it agrees, se itself is realized as a λ-abstractor, but as an indefinite variable whenever Agree fails, as in the case of passive/impersonal se. This theory dispenses, then, with particular Voice features (e.g., Active vs. Non-active) and with different types of se (paradigmatic vs. non-paradigmatic) but, more importantly, it does so by appealing to well-motivated restrictions on A-dependencies, namely, Activity and Miminality.
Agentivity and non-culminating causation in the psych domain: Cross-linguistic evidence from Spanish and Korean
Authors: Fritz-Huechante Paola , Verhoeven Elisabeth , Rott Julian A.
Published: December 2020

Among the sources of non-culminating readings, we find the agentive properties of the external argument. According to the Agent Control Hypothesis (ACH), the agenthood of the subject licenses a non-culminating interpretation with causative accomplishment predicates, whereas non-agentive subjects generally oblige a culminating reading. Experiencer object verbs such as annoy or surprise are analyzed as having a causative reading, encoding a situation where the agent or causer brings about the state in the experiencer. Based on this similarity with causative accomplishments, this article investigates the impact of an agentive interpretation of the subject on the cancellation of the state in object experiencers in Spanish and Korean transitive psych predicates in a parallel experimental design. In accordance with the ACH, results revealed for both languages that subject animacy had a significant effect on the acceptability of a zero-state reading. Furthermore, the interaction of subject animacy with the lexical aspect of the verb yielded a significant effect in the Spanish data such that cancelling of the state in the experiencer was significantly more acceptable with psych verbs denoting inchoative state causatives than with those denoting punctual causative events. In a second acceptability study, the verbs were tested for their compatibility with an agentive interpretation of the subject. The obtained (gradient) agentivity values turned out to significantly predict the potential of each verb to have a zero-state reading for the subclasses denoting pure and inchoative state causatives, which further supports the ACH.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Linguistics Research, Vol. 9, No. 4
Authors: Su Camille
Published: December 2020

English Linguistics Research (ELR) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether ELR publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 4 Bruna Gabriela Augusto Marçal Vieira, CEFET-MG, BrazilGiuseppe Maugeri, Ca' Foscari University, ItalyGraziano Serragiotto, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, ItalyInaad M Sayer, University of Human Development, IraqKazeem K. Olaniyan, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, NigeriaNaom Nyarigoti, United States International University, KenyaVassiliki Pliogou, Metropolitan College of Thessaloniki, Greece Best Regards,Camille SuEditorial Assistant, English Linguistics ResearchSciedu Press*************************************Add: 9140 Leslie St. Suite 110, Beaver Creek, Ontario, L4B 0A9, CanadaTel: 1-416-479-0028 ext. 210Fax: 1-416-642-8548E-mail 1: elr@sciedupress.com  E-mail 2: elr@sciedupress.org Website: http://elr.sciedupress.com
SOME DIMENSIONS OF THE OPERANT SOCIAL BEHAVIOR OF ANIMALS
Authors: Lattal Kennon A. , Okouchi Hiroto
Published: December 2020

Skinner (1953) defined social behavior as “the behavior of two or more people with respect to one another or in concert with respect to a common environment” (Skinner, 1953, p. 297). To this definition, Sakuma and Moriyama added a qualification to Skinner’s definition that is especially germane to the present issue of the Mexican Journal of Behavior Analysis:
REINFORCEMENT OF APPROACHING CONSPECIFICS IN ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) USING A REAL-TIME 3D TRACKING SYSTEM.
Authors: Kuroda Toshikazu
Published: December 2020

Zebrafish offer a promising animal model for examining relations between biological and behavioral processes. In addition to their fully sequenced genome, general principles of behavior observed in other species appear also in zebrafish. The fish also exhibit social behavior when placed together with conspecifics. The present research investigated whether reinforcement contingencies increase the approach to conspecifics with four pairs of zebrafish. For each pair, a male and a female fish were placed in different compartments of an aquarium separated by a thin glass partition. Their movement was tracked in 3D and in real time. Food reinforcers were delivered on their approach toward each other. For two of the four pairs, the approach response was higher in the presence of the reinforcement contingency than when food was absent or presented independently of approach responses. The other two pairs initially showed an increase in the approach response upon the introduction of the reinforcement contingency but the response was not maintained. Despite unreliability in the acquisition of the approach response, improvements in the experimental setup discussed herein could provide more reliable tests of how reinforcement contingencies influence the approach response. Relations of approaching conspecifics to social behavior are discussed.
TRANSITIONS FROM RICH-TO-LEAN SCHEDULES INCREASE ATTACK IN A LABORATORY MODEL OF SOCIAL AGGRESSION IN PIGEONS: I. FIXED-RATIO SCHEDULES
Authors: Williams Dean C. , Hayashi Yusuke , Brewer Adam , Saunders Kathryn J. , Fowler Stephen , Pitts Raymond C.
Published: December 2020

Two pigeons key pecked under a two-component multiple fixed-ratio (FR) FR schedule. Each component provided a different reinforcer magnitude (small or large) thatwhich was signaled by the color of the key light. Large- (rich) and small- (lean) reinforcer components randomly alternated to produce four different types of transitions between the size of the immediately preceding reinforcer and the size of the upcoming reinforcer: lean-to-lean, lean-to-rich, rich-to-lean, and rich-to-rich. During probe sessions, a mirror (which was covered during baseline sessions) was uncovered and attack responses toward the mirror were measured, along with the force of individual mirror attacks. The pigeons paused the longest, and attacked most frequently during the rich-to-lean transitions. The pigeons also exhibited some attacksh during lean-to-lean transitions, and pauses were longer during these transitions than during the lean-to-rich and rich-to-rich transitions. Pauses were short and attack infrequent during these last two transition types. In addition, attacks were more forceful during the rich-to-lean transitions thaen during the other transition types. These data are consistent with the view that rich-to-lean transitions function aversively and, as such, generate behavior patterns, including aggression, commonly produced by other aversive stimuli.
«Hannonis cis Hiberum prouincia erat». La presència de l’exèrcit cartaginès entre l’Ebre i els Pirineus durant la Segona Guerra Púnica
Authors: Noguera Guillén Jaume , Valdés Matías Pau , Ble Gimeno Eduard
Published: December 2020

Aquest treball analitza la presència militar cartaginesa entre l’Ebre i els Pirineus al nord-est peninsular durant la Segona Guerra Púnica. En primer lloc, s’estudien les referències de les fonts escrites i els indicis arqueològics. En segon lloc, s’analitzen les mencions dels autors antics sobre la forma i disposició dels campaments de campanya cartaginesos i, finalment, es presenten les restes mobles que ens permeten localitzar aquests campaments, bàsicament monedes, restes d’armament i ceràmiques.
Acerca de la destrucción de Giribaile
Authors: Gutiérrez Soler Luis María , Manchón Gómez Raúl , Pérez Alba Francisco
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo contrapone la arqueología científica actual del proyecto Giribaile con la arqueología filológica decimonónica. La confrontación entre cultura material e interpretación interesada de las fuentes escritas toma como escenario de fondo la localización de ciudades reales o inventadas, como Orongis, Baecula, Silpia o Helinga. Resulta importante observar la resistencia del discurso arcaico presente en las tradiciones orales de las comunidades locales.
La Cerdanya i els ceretans en el marc de la Segona Guerra Púnica
Authors: Morera Camprubí Jordi , Oller Guzmán Joan , Olesti Vila Oriol
Published: December 2020

En els darrers anys, les intervencions arqueològiques dutes a terme a l’àrea de la Cerdanya han identificat diverses evidències que permeten obtenir un major coneixement del poble històric dels ceretans. En aquest treball analitzarem aquelles que vinculen aquests ceretans amb els fets succeïts durant la Segona Guerra Púnica i amb les seves conseqüències, principalment a través de les dades obtingudes al Castellot de Bolvir i al Tossal de Baltarga de Bellver de Cerdanya.
El Solsonès en època d’Anníbal: el poblament ibèric a la zona durant el segle III aC (300-180 aC)
Authors: Asensio Vilaró David , Cardona Colell Ramon , Morer de Llorens Jordi , Gil Limón Borja , Bonvehí Sànchez Laro , Cantero Rodríguez Francisco J. , Pou Vallès Josep
Published: December 2020

En els darrers 25 anys, el Centre d’Estudis Lacetans està desenvolupant un projecte de recerca programada sobre l’estructura del poblament ibèric a la comarca del Solsonès. Això ha permès caracteritzar la seva evolució des de la primera edat del ferro fins al període ibèric tardà. Es constata que el segle III aC constitueix un moment àlgid, amb un elevat nivell de densitat i complexitat organitzativa. Tot apunta que en el territori lacetà es dona un panorama de forta fragmentació política, amb diverses entitats territorials que s’organitzen al voltant de nuclis de primer ordre, com els de Sorba, Castellvell o el Cogulló, sense evidències clares d’una centralització similar a la dels territoris costaners.
Regard sur le premier territoire gaulois traversé par Hannibal au nord des Pyrénées : axes de passages et occupation humaine en Roussillon
Authors: Roudier Etienne , Dunyach Ingrid
Published: December 2020

Le passage d’Hannibal en 218 av. J.-C. à travers les Pyrénées, soulève encore aujourd’hui beaucoup plus d’interrogations que de certitudes. Si l’on connait par Tite Live (Histoire Romaine, 21, 23, 24) son lieu d’arrivée, à proximité de la cité d’Illibéris (Elne), on ignore le trajet emprunté pour y parvenir. Les données archéologiques manquent pour étayer telle ou telle hypothèse. Afin de palier ce déficit d’information, il semble nécessaire dans un premier temps de prendre en compte les contraintes liées à l’occupation humaine du territoire roussillonnais à la fin du IIIe s. av. J.-C. Dans un second temps, il s’agira de présenter les avantages et les inconvénients des différents passages pyrénéens. L’objectif étant de croiser les données topographiques et les dynamiques d’occupation afin de reprendre via ces deux prismes croisés les différentes hypothèses de cheminement à travers les Pyrénées.
Presentació. ArqueoPyrenae 2, un espai de reflexió amb futur
Authors: Morera Camprubí Jordi , Oller Guzmán Joan , Olesti Vila Oriol
Published: December 2020

Presentació del número.
Professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki (1897-1941) and his contribution to the development of otorhinolaryngology
Authors: Bruzgielewicz Antoni , Bartoszewicz Robert , Krupowies Walentyna , Niemczyk Kazimierz
Published: December 2020

Many eminent surgeons provided excellent foundations for the establishment and development of otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery. One of them was professor Władysław Dobrzaniecki. Of the 66 items written by W. Dobrzaniecki, 26 works concerned issues related to the head and neck. These works show that the main topic was plastic surgery, both aesthetic and reconstructive after extensive oncological operations. The scientific and professional career of such a talented surgeon was suddenly interrupted. At the age of 44, he was murdered by the Nazis, in Lviv on July 4, 1941, along with other professors.
A successive change in the curriculum for sustainable public administration
Authors: Henriksson Linnéa
Published: December 2020

Sustainable development is considered to be one of the most important issues for the future, which is also mirrored in the growing interest in sustainable development in higher education. The change project reported in this article is an example of the efforts made to incorporate sustainability in higher education. The aim of the change project is twofold: the first one is to revise the syllabuses, reference literature, materials, and examinations for courses in Public Administration, so that every course in some way addresses sustainable development. By making sustainable development an integral part of all teaching, the change project highlights how different aspects of sustainability issues are relevant in different contexts. There are three reasons why sustainable development should be explicitly present in all teaching: education for sustainability is important to the university; sustainability is relevant especially for students in Public Administration; and to get all students engaged, education for sustainability requires a pedagogical framework. The second aim of the change project is to lay out the underlying pedagogical framework, which is based on principles found in pedagogical, psychological, and organizational theories. In this successive, integrative approach, the repeated occurrence of sustainability themes in many courses is considered to be a better option than having a single thematic course. In the first phase of the project, during the academic year 2019-2020, three courses were revised to include aspects of sustainability in relation to concepts central to the course.
Schwannoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall case report
Authors: Torchalla Patrycja , Czesak Małgorzata , Osuch- Wójcikiewicz Ewa , Niemczyk Kazimierz
Published: December 2020

The authors present a case report of a 46-year-old man with a tumor of the posterior pharyngeal wall. Based on clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging, the patient was qualified for surgical treatment. The patient underwent tumor resection under general anesthesia. Histopathological examination of resected tumor revealed the diagnosis of ancient schwannoma.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF SAVING ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS, BY THE SHIPS OWNED BY NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS ON THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Authors: Rokiciński Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

The paper analyzes the possibilities of saving illegal immigrants, on the Mediterranean Sea, by the non-governmental organizations. The number, structure, equipment and legal determinants of using the ships owned by the organizations were evaluated.
Memorabilia: aplicativo de realidade aumentada para suporte a pessoas com transtornos neurocognitivos
Authors: Alves André De Mello , Silva-Calpa Greis , Raposo Alberto Barbosa
Published: December 2020

O Memorabilia é um aplicativo iOS de realidade aumentada que implementa um palácio da memória virtual com o objetivo de auxiliar pessoas com transtornos neurocognitivos a recordarem mem´orias afetivas e a realizarem tarefas cotidianas. O aplicativo utiliza a câmera do celular para mapear o ambiente e interagir com os elementos virtuais, e a biblioteca pessoal do usuário para personalizar a experiência com lembretes audiovisuais. O aplicativo busca estimular o usuário a explorar, raciocinar, memorizar e se movimentar de forma interativa e autônoma. Foram realizados testes no decorrer do desenvolvimento. Testes finais com o público-alvo serão realizados posteriormente.