bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Images of Polish Cities in Promotional Visual and Verbal Symbols. What Logos and Slogans Say about Desired Image of the Polish Cities?
Authors: Adamus-Matuszyńska Anna , Dzik Piotr
Published: May 2022

Advertising is one of the commonly visible elements of the urban landscape (real and virtual). It also does not require proof that advertisements of cities as such are also part of their “cityscape.” Since at least the nineteenth century, cities have advertised themselves as attractive places to live, visit, or do business. Therefore, the following research question can be asked: How do Polish cities present themselves in advertisements one can find in the landscape? The study assumes that each advertisement should clearly identify the sender and indicate its specific characteristics, distinguishing itself from its competitors. Polish cities began to use logos and slogans as a mecha­nism of description and distinction after 1990, when socioeconomic changes started. There are quite a few studies on this activity, but most of them are single case studies. Therefore, the authors decided to examine a relatively large sample of Polish cities, which allows for statistical analysis. Analysis of the logo and slogan content allows the authors to examine the desired image or the projected identity of Polish cities. The methods were chosen because they admit qualitative and quantitative analysis, especially when there is a sufficiently large sample. Therefore, the survey covered all towns and cities with more than 20,000 inhabitants in Poland. There are 218 such towns in total. The analysis was carried out in the first half of 2021. In conclusion, the authors find that the advertising of Polish cities is embedded in the past, promotes resources (substance), sometimes geographical location, but rarely refers to famous characters and human potential. And such a picture of these cities one may find on outdoor advertisements, which sometimes produce dissonance when accompanying modern buildings or new transport solutions in the city.
IMPACT OF SNOW COVER AND AIR TEMPERATURE ON GROUND FREEZING DEPTH AND STABILITY IN MOUNTAIN AREA
Authors: Frolov Denis
Published: May 2022

During the construction of debris flow and snow avalanche protecting installation in the mountain regions the problem of fixation and stability of these constructions under the conditions of seasonally or permanently frozen ground arise. For this reason ground freezing depth estimation for winter periods 2015/16-2019/20 was performed on the basis of developed calculating scheme for Elbrus region. The calculating scheme for ground freezing is constructed on the basis of three layer media heat conductivity problem (snow cover, frozen and thawed ground) with phase transition on the boundary of frozen and unfrozen ground. Heat balance equation includes phase transition energy, inflow of heat from unfrozen ground and outflow to frozen ground, snow cover and atmosphere. The heat flux is calculated on basis of Fourier law as a product of heat conductivity and temperature gradient. It is supposed, that temperature changes in each media linearly.
KOSTYCHEV-ORLOV EQUATION AND FIRST MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF HUMUS DYNAMICS
Authors: Glagolev Mikhail Vladimirovich
Published: May 2022

This work is a report written at the suggestion of the talented Soviet scientist V.V. Zeleneva in 1986-1987, when the author was a 4th year student at the Faculty of Soil Science, Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov.
The report analyzes the equation proposed at the dawn of soil science by P.A. Kostychev for the maximum level of humus accumulation (and later modified by D.S. Orlov). It is shown that from the point of view of mathematics, the Kostychev equation is meaningless and has no solution at all. Improved by Orlov, it already has solutions, but it seems that it still cannot be effectively used. In this regard, various types of those mathematical models of humus dynamics are considered, which were used by specialists in soil science and ecology.
Clustering and Forecasting of Covid-19 Data in Indonesia
Authors: Astuti Diyah , Hartanti Dyah Yunita , Nurhayanti Susi Tri , Fransiska Herlin
Published: May 2022

Indonesia reported its first case of Covid-19 in March 2020, which was suspected to have been infected by a foreigner who visited Indonesia. The distribution of cases that occurred in Indonesia has an uneven frequency considering that Indonesia is an archipelagic country, in the analysis of Covid-19 cases in Indonesia, there are many provinces and some have the same pattern of case characteristics. time series so that forecasting analysis can be used. So that clustering analysis and forecasting of Covid-19 data can be used in Indonesia. The analysis was carried out with 2 stages of analysis, namely clusters using the clustering hierarchy method and forecasting using the ARIMA method. By using 288 data from January 1, 2021 – October 15, 2021, the results show that the daily Covid-19 cases by province in Indonesia can be grouped into 2 clusters, in the forecasting analysis only one province is taken from each cluster used in determining the model, cluster 1 used data from the province of Banten and cluster 2 used data from the province of West Java. By using R software, a model for each cluster is obtained, namely ARIMA(0,1,1) for cluster 1 and ARIMA(2,1,2) for cluster 2. From the forecasting results obtained data until October 30, 2021 shows the number of cases tends to be constant.
Comparison of Models for Classification of Learning Achievement of Middle School Students in Indonesia in 2019 using the Support Vector Machine Algorithm, Conditional Inference Trees, and Random Forest
Authors: Nurpiana Alfina , Wijayanto Arie Wahyu
Published: May 2022

Indonesian JHS students' learning achievement is still low. During 2015-2019, the average national exam score for Indonesian JHS has always decreased. In the last national examination, the average national exam score was 52.82 and was included in the bad category. This certainly needs to be a concern for local governments and the education office. Therefore, it is necessary to form a classification model that can be used to identify cities/districts in Indonesia which are categorized as bad or enough. This study discusses the comparison of models for the classification of learning achievement categories as seen from the average 2019 JHS results in 514 districts/cities in Indonesia using the Support Vector Machine (SVM), Conditional Inference Trees (Ctree), and Random Forest (RF) algorithms. The three algorithms were chosen because of their respective advantages, namely the SVM algorithm is known to be very powerful, Ctree as an improvement from the usual decision tree, and RF to represent ensemble learning. The independent variables used are education budget, classroom conditions, school accreditation, and teacher qualifications. From the results of this study, it has been found that the SVM algorithm produces the highest accuracy (0,80), recall (0,97), kappa statistics (0,38), and F1-score (0,87) compared to the Ctree and RF algorithms, while only precision (0,80) has the same value as the Ctree algorithm. So, the SVM algorithm produces the best model for the classification of district/city learning achievement categories in Indonesia based on education budget, classroom conditions, school accreditation, and teacher qualifications.
Misclassification Analysis of Elementary School Accreditation Data in Ambon City Using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline
Authors: Risambessy Sarah , Aulele Salmon Notje , Lembang Ferry Kondo
Published: May 2022

Many classification methods have been developed, one of which is the Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline (MARS) method. MARS is one of the classification methods in the form of a combination of Recursive Partitioning Regression (RPR) and the spline method that is able to process high-dimensional and large-sized data and process data with continuous or binary response variables. The purpose of this study was to measure the misclassification of elementary school accreditation in Ambon city using the MARS method. This study uses accreditation data with the results of eight components of accreditation in elementary schools that have accreditation A (group 1) and accreditation B (group 2) in Ambon city. To evaluate the classification method used the APER classification error measure. The best classification result from the MARS method is when using a combination of BF=32, MI=3, MO=1 because it produces a minimum Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) of 0.066 and information is obtained that the correct classification data is 181 and the misclassified data is 10. Based on the results of the analysis, the size of the APER classification error is 5.23%, which can be said that the MARS method is good or statistically significant for classifying elementary schools in Ambon City based on their accreditation rating.
Stability Analysis of Tuberculosis Spread Model Co-Infected Diabetes Mellitus with DOTS Strategy
Authors: Syamsul Mutmainnah , Toaha Syamsuddin , Kasbawati Kasbawati
Published: May 2022

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Patients with symptoms of TB can be caused by immune disorders such as diabetes mellitus infection. Patients with diabetes mellitus can affect the clinical symptoms of TB patients and are associated with a slow response to TB treatment. This study aims to analyze and determine the stability of the equilibrium point of the TB disease spread model coinfected with DM by considering nine compartments, namely susceptible TB without DM, exposed TB without DM, infected TB without DM, recovered TB without DM, susceptible TB with DM, exposed TB with DM, infected TB with DM, recovered TB with DM, and treatment with DOTS. The research method used is a qualitative method by determining the basic reproduction number obtained with next generation matrix method to analyze the stability of the non-endemic and endemic equilibrium points. The non-endemic and endemic equilibrium points are said to be locally asymptotically stable if  , and unstable if  .The results obtained from sensitivity analysis show that the spread of disease can be reduced and eliminated if treated with DOTS in the infected compartment.
The Comparison of Kernel Weighting Functions in Geographically Weighted Logistic Regression in Modeling Poverty in Indonesia
Authors: Aliu Muftih Alwi , Zubedi Fahrezal , Yahya Lailany , Oroh Franky Alfrits
Published: May 2022

Indonesia is a developing country that is facing poverty. The percentage of the poor population in Indonesia in 2020 increased by 0.97 percent from 2019. A suitable analysis to overcome poverty in Indonesia is the regional effect, namely Geographically Weighted Logistic Regression (GWLR). This study aimed to compare the weighting functions of the Fixed Gaussian Kernel, Fixed Tricube Kernel, and Fixed Bisquare Kernel in the GWLR model in modeling poverty in Indonesia in 2020. The best model can determine significant factors that affected poverty in Indonesia in 2020. This study used the percentage data of poor population  and the factors affecting it, namely the Open Unemployment Rate , Human Development Index , and Total Population  in 34 Provinces in Indonesia. This study indicates that the GWLR model with the Fixed Gaussian Kernel weighting function is the best in modeling poverty in Indonesia in 2020 based on the smallest Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AlCc) value. The GWLR model with the Fixed Gaussian Kernel weighting function shows the Open Unemployment Rate as a significant factor affecting poverty in Indonesia in 2020 in 10 provinces in Indonesia, namely Aceh, North Sumatra, West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, South Sumatra, Bengkulu, Lampung, DKI Jakarta, and Banten.
Some new properties of g-frame in Hilbert C*-modules
Authors: Rossafi Mohamed , Labrigui Hatim
Published: May 2022

The theory of frames which appeared in the last half of the century, has been generalized rapidly and various generalizations of frames in Hilbert spaces and Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules. In this paper, we will give some new properties of modular Riesz basis and modular $g$-Riesz basis that present a generalization of the results established in a Hilbert space.
Some properties of K-Operator Frame in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules
Authors: Eljazzar Roumaissae , Rossafi Mohamed , Klilou Mohammed
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we present some properties of K-operator Frame in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules.Topics that will be discussed include: K-operator Frame and Dual K-operator frame in Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules.We will also study K-operator Frame in two Hilbert $C^{\ast}$-modules with different $C^{\ast}$-algebras.
Attitudes in Social Media Affect Learning Motivation: Evidence from Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sumbogo Ignatius Ario
Published: May 2022

The development of student learning motivation is the very dynamic, main task of teachers, particularly in the era of the digital revolution 4.0. Millennial students have been immersed into digital technology, by which learning instruments must also be adjusted, including the competencies, services and attitudes of educators. This study is an attempt to determine the strong influence of social media engagement, competence, service, and teacher attitudes on the learning motivation of high school students. This research was conducted using a field research method with a quantitative approach among 50 students from 22 institutions in 3 provinces, DKI Jakarta, West Java and Central Java. The sampling method is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling type, using a single criteria that is high school students, and data processing techniques is multiple linear regression. The results of the research show that teachers’ social media engagement has a significant effect on learning motivation, teachers’ competence has a significant effect on learning motivation, teacher’ attitude has a significant effect on learning motivation, and teachers’ service has no significant effect on learning motivation. This research is expected to help developing the enthusiasm of high school teachers in improving several aspects to become a favorite figure among students which has impact on the effectivity and efficiency of teaching and learning process.
Temporal Study of Physicochemical Characteristics and Qualitative Plankton Diversity of a River Kosi, a Tributary of West Ramganga in Reference to the Habitat of Garra gotyla gotyla
Authors: Bhatt Preeti , Patiyal R. S. , Pathak B. C. , Giri A. K.
Published: May 2022

The river, Kosi originates from the western slope of the Kaushani range and flows (mountains of Almora, Nainital and Udham Singh Nagar) in the southern direction and joins the river, Western Ramganga at tarai region. Along with the total catchment area of 3,420 sq.km., river Kosi covers a distance of 240 km. The present study determines the habitat at of Garra gotyla, physicochemical parameters of water and plankton diversity of river Kosi from January 2019 to December 2019. During the study, various physicochemical parameters such as air temperature, water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved free carbon dioxide, electrical conductivity, velocity, transparency, total dissolved solids, and total alkalinity were analyzed. The biological study was focused on the qualitative assessment of phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity. A total of 34 species of phytoplankton as well as 13 species of zooplankton were recorded during the present study and among phytoplankton, the dominant group was the members of the class- Bacillariophyceae.
Combination of arterial and venous thrombosis in a patient with the novel coronavirus infection (a clinical case)
Authors: Baygozina E. А.
Published: May 2022

The presented clinical case demonstrates a rare combination of arterial and venous thrombosis in a patient with severe COVID-19 coronavirus infection and a fatal outcome. The clinical manifestations of thrombosis were acute irreversible ischemia of the lower extremities, acute impairment of cerebral circulation, and venous thrombosis of the left lower extremity. These thrombotic complications were caused by virus-induced coagulopathy deteriorated by such risk factors as an old age, comorbidities and delayed prescription of anticoagulants. The mechanisms of thrombotic complications in patients with COVID-19 are complex and require further investigation.
Surgical stabilization of appendicular joints in tuberculous arthritis: its place in treatment of osteoarticular tuberculosis
Authors: Zubikov V. S. , Peretsmanas E. O.
Published: May 2022

The objective: to analyze results of stabilizing techniques in the surgical treatment of tuberculous arthritis of appendicular joints, to define their place in treatment of tuberculous arthritis.

Subjects and Methods. Data of 8 patients who underwent surgery for tuberculosis of appendicular joints were analyzed during the study. 7 patients suffered from tuberculosis of rare localization: ankle – 3 cases, foot – 1 case, wrist – 3 cases. And 1 patient suffers from tuberculosis of the knee joint, underwent arthrodesis, which eventually failed, had quadriceps fibrosis with no patella. At the time of the study, athroplasty couldn’t be performed in all 8 patients, so stabilizing surgery including arthrodesis was the method of choice. With the active tuberculosis disease and an extensive bone defect of the joint in 5 patients, static cement spacers loaded with anti-tuberculosis drugs were used. Spacers were used both for two-stage surgical treatment (2 cases) and one-stage (3 cases).

Results: in all 8 cases, the stable eradication of tuberculosis infection was achieved with a follow-up period from 6 months to 7 years, average duration of follow-up made 2.2 Ѓ} 1.4 years. In 5 patients with tuberculosis of the ankle, foot and former knee joint, the support ability of the extremity was restored. With the stabilization of the wrist in a functionally advantageous position, all 3 patients showed a significant improvement in hand functions. After the spacer was installed, all patients were scheduled for the second stage of the operation but 3 of them achieved a good functional result, thus it was possible to avoid the next stage. The main criterion for stabilizing surgery of joints may be the impossibility of performing arthroplasty in cases of extensive bone defects as well as in case of persistent loss of anatomical structures.
The structure of intra- and postoperative complications after surgery for fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis and their impact on the surgery outcome
Authors: Omelchuk D. E. , Krasnov D. V. , Petrenko T. I.
Published: May 2022

The objective: to study the frequency, structure and impact on the surgery outcome of intra- and postoperative complications after lung resections for fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis.

Subjects and Methods. A retrospective cohort analysis of intra- and postoperative complications was performed in 847 patients who underwent surgery for fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis. Their influence on the surgery outcome was determined in accordance with the modified Russian classification of surgical errors assessment by R. M. Satava and the Accordion classification for severity of surgical complications. It has been established that the most dangerous complications that adversely affect the result of the operation are the following: injury to the cavity, vessels of the root of the lung and systemic circulation, empyema of the pleural cavity, exacerbation of tuberculosis, and pulmonary heart. These complications caused an unfavorable outcome in all 47 patients with such an outcome and led to a fatal outcome in 22 (78.6%) patients out of 28 deceased patients. Additions to the Accordion classification of postoperative complications are proposed taking into account the specific features of surgeries for tuberculosis.
E-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury
Authors: Karpenko M. А , Ovsyannikov D. Yu. , Frolov P. А. , Nikiforova T. I. , Khandy M. V.
Published: May 2022

This literature review presents data from 57 publications on vaping and e-cigarette-associated lung injury or EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury) that was first reported in 2019. The article describes the epidemiology of EVALI, the mechanism of injuring effects of vaping on the lungs, clinical signs, diagnosis and diagnostic criteria, therapy and subsequent management of patients with EVALI.
TREC and KREC as prognostic markers of HIV infection and COVID-19
Authors: Veselova E. I. , Lovacheva O. V. , Samoylova А. G. , Kudlay D. А. , Kaminskiy G. D.
Published: May 2022

In some infectious diseases, the number of T- and B-lymphocytes is significantly reduced which is associated with a high risk of the disease progression. The article reviews the effect of two RNA-containing viruses on the specific immune system: SARS-CoV-2 and HIV, as well as parameters of T- and B-cell neogenesis of TREC and KREC, which are markers of immunological disorders and can be used for prognosis for these infections.
Use of mesenchymal stem cells in therapy of tuberculosis
Authors: Remezova А. N. , Gorelova А. А. , Vinogradova T. I. , Gorelov А. I. , Gorbunov А. I. , Yudintseva N. M.
Published: May 2022

This review presents data from 29 publications on the use of mesenchymal stem cells in the therapy of tuberculosis of various localizations. It also describes some mechanisms of interaction between mesenchymal stem cells and M. tuberculosis.
The therapeutic effects and antioxidant properties of epigallocatechin-3 gallate: A new review
Authors: BEYAZ Seda , GÖK Özlem , ASLAN Abdullah
Published: May 2022

The aim of this review is to investigate the possible protective and preventive effects of epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG) in terms of human health including hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, nephrotoxicity and anticancer effects. Green tea is one of the most consumed beverages in many countries, especially in Turkey and it plays protective roles in the treatment of various diseases via the polyphenol it contains. It is known that EGCG, which is the main bioactive polyphenol in green tea, has versatile bioactivities. It has been determined that EGCG has the highest free radical scavenging ability among common phenolic compounds. It regulates gene expression and molecular signaling pathways by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. In addition, it prevents cell death by suppressing cytokine production and neutrophil migration in inflammatory diseases. With the studies conducted in the last decade, it has been determined that EGCG has anticancer, antioxidative, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, antihypertensive and neuroprotective activities. Especially, its anticancer effect has been found to have chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities in various cancer types such as colon, lung and breast cancer with in vivo and in vitro studies conducted to investigate molecular targets. This review was written to examine the possible protective and preventive effects of EGCG in terms of human health, including its hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, nephrotoxicity and anticancer effects.
Molecular Docking, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Compounds Isolated from Ethiopian Plants
Authors: MELAKU Yadessa , GETAHUN Tokuma , ADDİSU Markos , TESSO Hailemichael , ESWARAMOORTHY Rajalakshmanan , GARG Ankita
Published: May 2022

This study evaluated the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of the constituents of L. tomentosa and S. longipedunculata. The in-silico molecular docking analysis of the isolated compounds was also reported herein for the first time. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil of L. tomentosa led to the identification of eleven components with 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene identified as the principal constituent (59.39%). Lauric acid (1), β-stigmasterol (2), chrysophanol (3), and emodin (4) were isolated from L. tomentosa using silica gel column chromatography. Likewise, 9H-xanthene-3,5-diol (5), 1,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone (6), and oleic acid (7) were isolated from S. longipedunculata. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using UV-Vis, IR, and NMR spectroscopic methods. Compounds 3 and 4 are new to the genus Laggera, while 5 and 6 are new to the species S. longipedunculata. Compounds 3-6 inhibited DPPH radical by 86, 92, 88, and 90%, respectively. Compounds 5 and 6 inhibited 79.2 and 81.9% peroxide formation, respectively. The antioxidant activities displayed by compounds 4-6 suggest their use as a natural antioxidant. Compounds 4 and 6 inhibited the growth of bacteria by 18.00±0.10 and 16.06±0.22 mm, respectively. Compounds 3, 4, and 6 showed binding affinities of −10.4, −10.4, and −9.9 kcal/mol against Staphylococcus aureus DNA Gyrase, respectively, while 4 showed −10.4 kcal/mol against human topoisomerase IIβ. Therefore, the present study results showed that emodin and 1,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone might be considered lead compounds for further development as antibacterial and anti-cancer agents. The findings also substantiate the traditional use of these plants against bacteria.
Antioxidant properties of Lycianthes rantonnetii and contents of vitamin and element
Authors: AMİN Abdalla Ali , EKİN Suat , BAKIR Ahmet , YILDIZ Damla
Published: May 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, antiradical activity of the Lycianthes rantonnetii (Solanacaeae) plant, to determine levels of element (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Mo, Cd, As, Pb, Co, V, Tl, Li, Ti, Sr, Be), mineral (Mg, P) and vitamin (A, E, C). In the study, metals and mineral analyses were carried out using dry ashing method with ICP-OES, vitamin A and vitamin E analyses were carried out using the HPLC method and vitamin C, total phenol, flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, DPPH, ABTS, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity and anti-hemolytic activity of the methanol extract Lycianthes rantonnetii (L. rantonnetii) plant was determined spectrophotometrically. According to the results, Cu, Zn, Co, Mg, retinol, -tocopherol, ascorbic acid, total antioxidant activity, phenolic and flavonoid contents of L. rantonnetii were 57.60  4.83 mol/kg, 0.14  0.01 mmol/kg, 2.23  0.10 mol/kg, 39.13  1.76 mmol/kg, 12.22 ± 3.37 μmol/kg, 104.55 ± 7.44 μmol/kg, 80.61 ± 9.31 mg/100 g, 11.45 ± 0.60 mM ascorbic acid/g, 5.33 ± 0.41 mg GA/g and 3.76 ± 0.29 mg QE/g, respectively. The results of this study showed that the content of antioxidant vitamins, minerals of the L. rantonnetii plant was at high levels and it contains a reasonable amount of total phenol, and flavonoids also, it was determined that the plant had a high scavenging activity for free radicals. It is believed that L. rantonnetii can be used as an additive for food products in the various food sectors with appropriate antioxidant activities.
Effect of culture time on secondary metabolite production from MeJA-stimulated in vitro roots of Hyoscyamus niger L.
Authors: DEVECİ Hikmet , DEMİRCİ Tunhan , GÖKTÜRK BAYDAR Nilgün
Published: May 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different culture times on root growth and accumulation of secondary metabolites in adventitious roots from Hyoscyamus niger petioles. For this purpose, adventitious roots transferred to culture media containing 1 mM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were harvested at 11 different culture times, starting from day 1 to day 30. After harvest, the fresh and dry weights of the roots and the root growth index as parameters of root growth, as well as the amounts of tropane alkaloids and phenolic compounds, were examined. It was found that the fresh and dry weights and the growth index of the roots harvested between the 12th and 30th day were the highest. The highest amounts of scopolamine were obtained from roots harvested on days 15, 18, and 21. The highest hyoscyamine accumulation was found on days 12 and 15. The highest total phenolic content was 19.33 mg g-1 in root cultures harvested on day 15. HPLC analyses revealed that ferulic acid, caffeic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and quercetin were not detected in the roots. On the other hand, the amounts of gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, vanillin, cinnamic acid, rosmarinic acid, and chlorogenic acid showed significant changes depending on the culture times. Considering all the results, it was found that the optimum culture time for the production of secondary metabolites in H. niger adventitious root cultures stimulated with 1mM MeJA was 15 days.
Antiproliferative and antioxidant potential of methanol extracts of aerial parts of Colchicum boissieri and Colchicum balansae
Authors: ALPER Mehlika
Published: May 2022

The antiproliferative and antioxidant activities, and total phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin contents of methanol extracts obtained from the aerial parts of Colchicum boissieri and Colchicum balansae were investigated in the present study. The evaluation of the antiproliferative effects of the extracts under study was carried out using the MTT assay. The antioxidant potentials of the extracts were assigned by using several assays (FRAP, CUPRAC, DPPH, ABTS, and β-carotene). The antiproliferative effects of both extracts on Caco-2 cells appeared to be generally similar for the incubation times tested. The antioxidant potential was found to be higher in the extract of C. boissieri (FRAP: on average 1.39 mg TE/g, CUPRAC: on average 10.06 mg TE/g, DPPH: on average IC50= 0.59 mg/mL, ABTS: on average IC50= 0.267 mg/mL, β-carotene: on average 78.58%) than the extract of C. balansae. In terms of total phenolic, flavonoid and tannins contents, C. boissieri extract (on average 1.97 mg GAE/g, 8.65 mg QE/g and 4.75 mg CE/g, respectively) was determined to be richer than C. balansae extract. The results suggest that both extracts have some biological properties for pharmaceutical applications. Further studies may contribute to the use of these plants for various purposes such as natural antioxidant sources or cancer agents.
Comprehensive Study on BeeBread: Palynological Analysis, Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: DERVİŞOĞLU Gökhan , ÇOBANOĞLU Duygu Nur , YELKOVAN Sedat , KARAHAN Davut , ÇAKIR Yusuf , KOÇYİĞİT Serhat
Published: May 2022

Bee bread is a bee product obtained as a result of fermentation of pollen stored by honey bees in the cells of the honeycomb. Palynological analysis, chemical composition, antioxidant activity of bee bread and its cytotoxic effect against human lung carcinoma (A549), human prostate cancer (DU 145) and human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell lines were investigated in this study. 25 plant taxa were identified with palynological analysis. Fatty acids, cyclic, aromatic, phenolic, terpenoid, diterpen and metallic complex structures were seen in GC-MS results. FTIR consequence were compatible with GC-MS results and the structure types of FTIR results were seen in the dominant compounds of GC-MS results. Radical scavenging activity (RSA) of bee bread showed inhibition variability between 20.15 ± 0.68% and 93.18 ± 0.44% depending on the concentration. In addition, the EC50 value was measured as 80.08 ± 0.10 mg/mL. Bee bread exhibited moderately cytotoxic effect at all concentrations (15.625 - 2000 µg/mL) against A549, DU 145, and SH-SY5Y cell lines. Bee bread can be used in medical fields because of it’s antioxidant and anticancer properties.
Essential oil composition of two endemic Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae) taxa from Southwestern Turkey
Authors: SEMİZ Gürkan , GÜNAL Batıkan , ARMAĞAN Metin
Published: May 2022

Nepeta L. is one of the important genus in the Lamiaceae family. It includes ca. 300 herbaceous species and mostly grows in Eurasia. Nepeta is represented in Turkey by 40 taxa and of these 16 are endemic. Nepeta species are commonly utilized in traditional medicine by the local people, primarily as spasmolytic, diuretic, and bronchodilator agents. As a consequence of studies on Nepeta taxa, terpenoids and flavonoids have been identified as the most common components. In this report, chemical contents of two endemic Nepeta taxa (N. viscida from Buharkent/Aydın and N. nuda L. subsp. lydiae from Altınyayla/Burdur) were presented. The main constituents were determined as α-terpineol (20.59%), trans-β-caryophyllene (9.90%) and spathulenol (9.37%) for N. viscida, and 1,8-cineole (31.31%), borneol (18.95%) and caryophyllene oxide (14.59%) for N. nuda subsp. lydiae.
Antioxidant Activities and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Rhizomes of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) and Curcuma longa L.(Turmeric)
Authors: ERDOĞAN Ümit
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine the essential oil volatile components of ginger and turmeric rhizomes, as well as to determine the total antioxidant capacity of essential oil samples according to the CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) method and free radical scavenging activities of oil samples and standards such as BHA, BHT, and Trolox were determined using a DPPH method. Essential oil analysis of volatile components was also performed on a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 SE (Japan) model with Support Rx-5Sil MS capillary column (30 m x 0.25 mm, film thickness 0.25 μm). Antioxidant capacities of essential oils were evaluated according to the CUPRAC method in millimole Trolox/gram -oil equivalent. GC-MS analysis of ginger showed the presence of 5 major peaks identified as Curcumene (13.46%), Zingiberene (33.92%), α-Farnesene (8.07%), β-Bisabolene (6.39%), and β-Sesquiphellandrene (15.92 %), respectively. GC-MS analysis of Turmeric showed the presence of 3 major peaks identified as Ar-Turmerone (29.24%), α-Turmerone (22.8 %), and β-Turmerone (18.84%). CUPRAC values of calculated antioxidant capacities of essential oil samples were determined as 1.97 ± 0.102 mmolTR/g-oil for Zingiber officinale R. and 3.40 ± 0.071 mmol TR/g-oil for Curcuma longa L. The scavenging effect of turmeric, ginger and standards on the DPPH radical decreased in the order of Trolox>BHA>BHT>Turmeric>Ginger which were 95.25 ± 0.05%, 62.57 ± 0.34%, 61.6 ± 0.3%, 51.45 ± 0.59%, and 50.26 ± 0.09%, at the concentration of 150µg/mL, respectively. Additionally, it revealed that essential oils of turmeric and ginger exhibited effective ferric reducing power.
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF AN OSCE FOR CLINICAL REASONING IN PHYSIOTHERAPY
Authors: COBO-MEJÍA Elisa Andrea , SANDOVAL Carolina , VİLLARRAGA Angélica , ALFONSO Margareth , CATELLANOS Adriana , ACOSTA Martha , RONDÓN Yudhy , GOYENECHE Ruth , CATELLANOS Rocío
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), an evaluation instrument, requires a validation process to guarantee the measurement of skills related to clinical reasoning. The OSCE is relevant for decision making during the formation process for professional practice. Objective. To determine the content validity and inter-rater reliability of an OSCE during a physiotherapy undergraduate programme for clinical reasoning. Materials and Methods. Instrumental design, which identified content validity through internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha), added to recognition of the inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient). Results. The instrument demonstrates good internal consistency and a degree of agreement from substantial to almost perfect. Conclusions. The OSCE proved a suitable instrument to assess the clinical reasoning skill in physiotherapy students; nevertheless, this validation process has limitations in the number of stations and in not having sufficient application to physiotherapy.
An early-exercise-mediated adverse reaction associated with platelet-rich plasma therapy.
Authors: MEDİNA-PORQUERES Ivan , MORENO-PEDROSA Carlos , MATEO-RODRIGUEZ Jose , ROSADO-VELAZQUEZ Daniel
Published: May 2022

PRP is a well-established autologous therapy with several indications in the musculoskeletal spectrum with a few reported complications. PRP pathophysiologic mechanism remains unclear so cause-effect relationships are difficult to be established. To our knowledge, acute inflammatory reactions associated with intra-articular PRP injection have never been reported. We herein present a rare case of adverse reaction in a patient who exercised after only 16 hours from PRP therapy. She was admitted to hospital with sensation of fever, pain and inflammation of the knee 8 hours after the training session and 24 hours after last PRP injection. Laboratory studies did not reveal any infection sign. Once the clinical picture was resolved, the patient was able to resume previous activity level. In this case an early exercise-mediated stimulus may have played a role as a causative factor.
Effect of VLAN configuration on IEC 61850 sampled values
Authors:   Division of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineering, Kangwon National University, Samcheok, South Korea, Hwang Sung-Ho
Published: May 2022

IEC 61850, the standard for communication in power utility, has solved the interoperability problems between different vendors in substation communication networks (SCNs). However, most studies on SCN that use IEC 61850 were conducted using computer-based simulations or commercial equipment with fixed functions. In this study, an experiment on an SCN was conducted using real equipment such as a network switch, Raspberry Pi, and a mini PC. A cyclic data model was used for the traffic generation of sampled values (SVs) according to IEC 61850. The effect of applying a virtual local area network (VLAN) in the SCN on the transfer time and throughput of the SV frames was measured. In addition, when using IEEE 1588 in the time synchronization process, it was verified that the clock offset remained unaffected irrespective of the use of VLANs or changes in the sampling frequency. The experimental results can serve as guidance for the actual planning and construction process of SCNs.
Effect of Synergism of Thalidomide and Liposomal Amphotericin-B on Leishmania tropica and Leishmania donovani Promastigote
Authors: Al-Mamary Nasma I. , Al-Hayali Haitham L.
Published: May 2022

This study aims to find safe and effective anti-leishmaniasis drugs; thus, the synergism between thalidomide and liposomal amphotericin-B was tested as antileishmanial on L. tropica and L. donovani promastigote in vitro. IC50, IC90 were determined at the Log phase of thalidomide and were (10), (25) µg/ml for L. tropica and (12.5), (30( µg/ml for L. donovani, Moreover IC50, IC90 were determined at Log phase of Liposomal amphotericin-B and were (5), (20) µg/ml for L. tropica and (5), (25) µg/ml for L. donovani. Additionally, synergistic effect IC50 of the two drugs were determined when Liposomal amphotericin-B fixed it, and thalidomide concentrations changed was (2.5+0.5) µg/ml on L. tropica and (2.5+1) µg/ml on L. donovan. When thalidomide was fixed, and Liposomal amphotericin-B was changed, it was (2.5+2) µg/ml for both L. tropica and L.donovani. The synergistic effect on the morphology of both promastigotes forms was observed.

Keywords. Leishmaniasis, thalidomide, liposomal amphotericin-B, synergistic.
Development of a Head-Mounted Holographic Needle Guidance System for Enhanced Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia: System Development and Observational Evaluation
Authors: Tanwani Jaya , Alam Fahad , Matava Clyde , Choi Stephen , McHardy Paul , Singer Oskar , Cheong Geraldine , Wiegelmann Julian
Published: May 2022

Background

Neuraxial anesthesia is conventionally performed using a landmark-based technique. Preprocedural ultrasound is often used in challenging clinical scenarios to identify an ideal needle path. The procedure is then carried out by the operator recreating the ultrasound needle path from memory. We suggest that a needle guidance system using the Microsoft HoloLens mixed reality headset, which projects a hologram of the ideal needle path, can assist operators in replicating the correct needle angulation and result in fewer needle passes.

Objective

The objective of the study was to develop software for the mixed reality HoloLens headset, which could be used to augment the performance of neuraxial anesthesia, and establish its face validity in lumbar spine phantom models.

Methods

We developed an ultrasound transducer marker and software for the HoloLens, which registers the position and angulation of the ultrasound transducer during preprocedural scans. Once an image of a clear path from skin to the intrathecal space is acquired, a hologram of the ideal needle path is projected onto the user’s visual field. The ultrasound probe is removed while the hologram remains in the correct spatial position to visualize the needle trajectory during the procedure as if conducting real-time ultrasound. User testing was performed using a lumbar spine phantom.

Results

Preliminary work demonstrates that novice (2 anesthesia residents) and experienced operators (5 attending anesthesiologists) can rapidly learn to use mixed reality holograms to perform neuraxial anesthesia on lumbar spine phantoms.

Conclusions

Our study shows promising results for performing neuraxial anesthesia in phantoms using the HoloLens. Although this may have wide-ranging implications for image-guided therapies, further study is required to quantify the accuracy and safety benefit of using holographic guidance.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04028284; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04028284
Financial Performance and Growth Trend Analysis of Furra Institute of Development Studies and Education Share Company in Sidama Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Adato Aklilu Assefa
Published: May 2022

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the financial performance and trends of Furra institute of development studies and education share company (FIDSE S.C) in the Sidama region, Ethiopia. Financial performance analysis is very important to identify whether or not the financial position of a given company is healthy or sound. In this study, secondary data was collected from audited financial statist prepared by furra institution from period 2012 to 2020 G.C, and other relevant sources. Financial reports are considered the population for this study. Eight (8) year audited financial reports were selected as sample purposively and analyzed for this study. Ratio and trends analysis was utilized also table and graphs, average mean were used to present data. Liquidity ratio, long-term solvency, (leverage) ratio, profitability ratio, turnover ratio were used. The result of the analysis founds that overall liquidity positions were satisfactory, TD to TE, and TD to TA ratios were lower. Also, the study found that 95% of institutions’ assets and operations are financed by internal equity capital. Except for fluctuated trends in net profit, growth in sales, GP, total asset, and total equity were showed positive and incremental growth over the study period, Thus, it concluded that the overall financial position of the Furra institution over the study period was satisfactory. Thus, the researcher recommended to management that profitability should be improved more by minimizing admin and operating expense as well as by mixing some extent of debit to finance other projects and also to get tax shield.
ANATOMICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON HAPLOPHYLLUM CAPPADOCICUM SPACH
Authors: Kayalar Hüsniye , Arar Gökay
Published: May 2022

Aim and objective: The aim of this work is to put forward the anatomical features of Haplophyllum cappadocicum, an endemic plant for Turkey.
Methods: Plant materials were fixed in 70 % ethyl alcohol. The anatomical studies include transverse sections of roots, stems, leaves, fruits and seeds with illustrations. The investigations were made under microscope and photographs were taken by microphotography apparatus.
Conclusion: Haplophyllum genus with potential pharmaceutical interest are worthy of investigation not only for chemical content but also anatomically. This is the first report on anatomical features of Haplophyllum cappadocicum collected from Malatya, Türkiye.
                          
Peer Review History:
Received: 1 March 2022; Revised: 19 April; Accepted: 1 May, Available online: 15 May 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, maafayed@gmail.com
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. 
Received file:                                Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id
Dr. Sangeetha Arullappan, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia, sangeetha@utar.edu.my
Prof. Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf, Sana'a university, Yemen, alialkaf21@gmail.com
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Viviendas con Electricidad Neutral con un Caso de Estudio en el Área Metropolitana de Bogotá-Colombia
Authors: Quintero Pulido Diego Fernando
Published: May 2022

Este artículo revisa el desarrollo actual para incrementar el acceso a la electricidad y la implementación de viviendas con electricidad neutral (viviendas autónomas no conectadas a la red eléctrica) en diferentes escenarios. Además, se presentan con más detalle las posibles direcciones de investigación para tecnologías de viviendas con electricidad neutral. Para esto, se describe un caso de una posible vivienda con electricidad neutral en Colombia junto con algunos resultados iniciales de simulaciones usando energía solar fotovoltaica, una nueva batería a base de sal marina (the Sea-Salt battery) y una celda de combustible a base de glicerol (the Glycerol Fuel Cell) como sistema de respaldo. Las simulaciones utilizan el software BEopt y DstorageS. Este análisis se realiza utilizando datos medidos de consumo de electricidad en una vivienda localizada en la zona metropolitana de Bogotá-Colombia. Resultados preliminares muestran que una vivienda en Colombia puede funcionar con electricidad neutral, al tener una energía solar FV de 4 kW con una batería de sal marina de 10 kWh y una celda de combustible de glicerol de 2 kW funcionando de forma autónoma durante todo el año 2019.