bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factores nutricionales relacionados con las complicaciones en cirugía mayor abdominopélvica
Authors: Verdú-Fernández Maria Angeles , Soria Aledo Victoriano , Campillo-Soto Alvaro , Pérez-Guarinos Carmen Victoria , Carrillo-Alcaraz Andrés , Aguayo-Albasini José Luis
Published: June 2018

Introducción La cirugía mayor abdomino-pélvica es un proceso que conlleva un alto porcentaje de complicaciones postquirúrgicas.Nuestro objetivo es identificar los factores relacionados con las complicaciones postquirúrgicas, catalogadas según la clasificación de Clavien-Dindo, con atención especial en los factores nutricionales en los pacientes que se intervienen de cirugía mayor abdomino-pélvica. Material y MétodoEstudio observacional retrospectivo, entre julio de 2012 a diciembre de 2013. Se seleccionaron a 255 pacientes sometidos a cirugía mayor abdomino-pélvica (cirugía colorrectal, gástrica, obesidad o cistectomías) de forma programada. Se recogieron cuatro tipos de variables: sociodemográficas, de situación basal, de diagnóstico y de resultado, incluyendo las complicaciones perioperatorias que fueron clasificadas según la escala de Clavien-Dindo. El análisis estadístico se ha realizado mediante IBM SPSS versión 22.0. ResultadosLos pacientes tuvieron una edad media de 65 años. Reingresaron 20 pacientes (7,8%) en los primeros 30 días tras la cirugía y 8 pacientes murieron. El 40,4% obtuvieron un Clavien-Dindo mayor de I. Entre los pacientes con un Clavien-Dindo mayor de I y el resto, se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los siguientes factores modificables: IMC prequirúrgico, albumina prequirúrgica, hemoglobina prequirúrgica y día de inicio de tolerancia postoperatoria. ConclusiónEn nuestro estudio hemos identificado factores modificables, como la hemoglobina y albumina preoperatoria, el IMC y el inicio temprano de tolerancia oral, relacionadas con la morbilidad postoperatoria. Así concluimos que el estado nutricional preoperatorio tiene relación con las complicaciones postquirúrgicas en cirugía mayor abdomino-pélvica.
Efecto de la implementación de la “Ley Súper 8” sobre la composición corporal de escolares durante las Vacaciones de Fiestas Patrias en Chile. Estudio longitudinal-ecológico.
Authors: Cristi-Montero Carlos
Published: June 2018

Introducción: Diversos programas de salud pública están siendo implementados para combatir la obesidad infantil en el mundo. No obstante, el impacto de la Ley chilena Nº 20.606 que regula la venta y publicidad de alimentos altos en nutrientes críticos (“Ley Súper 8”) sobre un periodo crítico en el aumento de peso corporal en escolares, como son las Vacaciones de Fiestas Patrias (VFP), aún no ha sido evaluado.Objetivo: Establecer el efecto de las VFP sobre diversos indicadores de composición corporal antes y después de la implementación de la “Ley Súper 8”.Metodología: Participaron 110 escolares entre 10 y 13 años de edad y finalizaron 48 tras un año de seguimiento (23 niños y 25 niñas). Se evaluó el peso corporal, índice de masa corporal (Zscore-IMC), índice de masa triponderal (IMT), índice de masa grasa (IMG), porcentaje de masa grasa y masa muscular durante las cuatro semanas del mes de septiembre del 2015 (sin ley) y del 2016 (con ley). Una ANOVA para medidas repetidas y ajustada a covariables fue aplicada.Resultados: El peso corporal (0,327 y 0,556 kg), Zscore-IMC (0,057 y 0,085) y porcentaje de grasa (0,1 y 0,9%) aumentan significativamente durante ambas VFP (sin y con ley, respectivamente). En comparación al 2015, el IMG e IMT no muestran aumentos significativos durante el 2016, sin embargo, no existen diferencias significativas en ninguna de las variables estudiadas tras la implementación de la ley.Conclusión: A pesar de observar ligeros avances en ciertos parámetros de composición corporal entre un año y otro, la implementación de la “Ley Súper 8” en Chile no parece generar un efecto preventivo durante las VFP.
PENGEMBANGAN VARIASI PERMAINAN BOLA BOTOL PELANGI PADA PEMBELAJARAN BOLA KECIL UNTUK SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Ichsan Rachmat Nur , Sudjana I Nengah , Amiq Fahrial
Published: June 2018

Variations in bottles rainbow ball game is a game played in groups by means of small ball and bottles targets by a wide range of colors in order to attract entusiastic students to play go and the game is developing a motor movement of students, train students to work together, to make a strategy, to good sportsmanship and to fair play so that the game can be used as teacher an alternative in learning small ball for the fourth grade students Elementary School. Research procedures used are referring to books Borg & Gall which has been modified in accordance Ardhana researchers from 10 steps to 7 steps. Test data analysis in the form of a percentage. Based on the analysis of data obtained by a small group test with subject 10 students it was obtained trial percentage of 87.97% and the percentage included in the creteria are eligible as well data analysis of test large group test with subject 30 students it was obtained a percentage of 88.70% and the percentage falls with in the creteria feasible, so we can say the product variations in bottles rainbow ball game is fit for use in the learning process.
Marijuana Regulatory Frameworks in Four US States: An Analysis Against a Public Health Standard
Authors: Barry Rachel A. , Glantz Stanton A.
Published: June 2018

The movement to legalize and regulate retail marijuana is growing. We examined legislation and regulations in the first 4 states to legalize recreational marijuana (Colorado, Washington, Oregon, and Alaska) to analyze whether public health best practices from tobacco and alcohol control to reduce population-level demand were being followed.

Only between 34% and 51% of policies followed best practices. Marijuana regulations generally followed US alcohol policy regarding conflict of interest, taxation, education (youth-based and problematic users), warning labels, and research that does not seek to minimize consumption and the associated health effects.

Application of US alcohol policies to marijuana has been challenged by some policy actors, notably those advocating public health policies modeled on tobacco control. Reversing past decisions to regulate marijuana modeled on alcohol policies will likely become increasingly difficult once these processes are set in motion and a dominant policy framework and trajectory becomes established. Designing future marijuana legislation to prioritize public health over business would make it easier to implement legalization of recreational marijuana in a way that protects health.
AIDS, Sexual Health, and the Catholic Church in 1980s Ireland: A Public Health Paradox?
Authors: Nolan Ann , Butler Shane
Published: June 2018

Our aim was to explore the paradoxical role of the Catholic Church during the early AIDS era in establishing a policy network committed to the principles of public health, even in instances in which these principles contradicted Catholic moral teaching. This article is rooted in a study that explored the transformational effects of AIDS on Irish sexual health policy during the initial decade of the epidemic; that is, as it unfolded in Ireland between 1982 and 1992. Our source material, consisting of 20 documents that had been unexplored for more than 25 years, was obtained from the Dublin AIDS Alliance Ltd., an Irish civil society organization that supports HIV-positive people. Our archival research was supported by 18 semistructured key informant interviews with contemporaneous politicians, representatives of the Catholic Church, clinical personnel, and AIDS activists. We examined the critical role of a Catholic priest in developing a coherent national policy response that reflected the public health principles advocated by the World Health Organization at a time when the moral authority of the Roman Catholic Church had a significant influence on successive Irish governments. (Am J Public Health. 2018;108:908–913.)
A Rigorous Solution to the Problem of Phase Behavior in Unconventional Formations With High Capillary Pressure
Authors: Neshat Sajjad S. , Okuno Ryosuke , Pope Gary A.
Published: June 2018

Phase behavior of hydrocarbon mixtures is affected by the petrophysical properties of the formation. This paper integrates several important thermodynamic and petrophysical aspects of the problem in a rigorous way and introduces a solution that can be applied over the range of pore sizes in tight and shale formations in which hydrocarbons can be practically recovered. A new criterion for phase-stability analysis is introduced that results in discovery of a new range of solutions for the capillary equilibrium problem. A novel three-phase capillary pressure model has been used to estimate the effect of connate water on the gas/oil capillary pressure. The model is then used in conjunction with the new stability method to solve several phase-behavior problems for binary and multicomponent reservoir fluids. We show that the new approach can significantly improve the estimation of phase behavior at high capillary pressure.
Balance performance in children with borderline intellectual functioning and specific language impairment
Authors: Kaupuzs Aivars , Larins Viesturs
Published: June 2018

The balance is one of the substantial motor skills that ensure development of normal movement patterns. There are limited body of research on motor performance in children with borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) that manifesting as cognitive and behavioural problems and specific language impairment (SLI) that is a developmental disorder involving delayed language. The aim of the research is to find the differences of vestibular system indicators in specific groups. The balance Sway Index (SI) was tested by digital platform BioSway using the m-CTSIB test in four conditions. The research group included participants at 11-13 years age who are enrolled in special schools. The normative data of m-CTSIB test were gained in previous researches. The findings show that boys exhibited greater SI than girls. Children with disorders demonstrated significantly lower balance performance in two test positions in each group. Participants with BIF had significantly higher SI than typically developing peers in two test positions with eyes open. Children with SLI had significantly higher SI accordingly in two test positions on firm surface respectively eyes open and eyes closed. The findings suggest that mechanism of vestibular adaptation in challenging environments differ with disorder diagnosis
The role of student-teacher relationship in the link between social competence and involvement in bullying in the 1st grade
Authors: Legkauskas Visvaldas , Magelinskaitė-Legkauskienė Šarūnė , Kepalaitė Albina
Published: June 2018

The present study was aimed at investigating whether student-teacher relationship plays a role in the link between social competence and involvement in bullying in the 1st grade. Subjects were 408 Lithuanian 1st graders, 225 girls and 183 boys. Analysis of results using structural equation modeling releaved that bullying behavior was directly predicted by learning-related social competence, while interpersonal social competence was linked to bullying behavior via student-teacher closeness. Bullying victimization was linked to learning-related social competence via student-teacher relationship conflict.     

This work was supported by the Research Council of Lithuania under Grant No. MIP-003/2015
Assessment of the influence of speech-language intervention on perceptual-sensory integration in persons with autism spectrum disorder in the context of assessing the pragmatic level of language
Authors: Vitásková Kateřina , Kytnarová Lucie , Tabachová Jana Mironova
Published: June 2018

 

Autism spectrum disorder is ranked among the most serious developmental disorders, because it affects multiple areas such as communication, social interactions, establishing and maintaining contacts with the environment, reactions to visual and auditory stimuli and many others. The therapy of these individuals requires multidisciplinary cooperation; therefore, it is currently addressed by many experts. The objective of the paper is to present the possibilities of assessing the influence of speech-language intervention on perceptual-sensory integration in persons with autism spectrum disorder in the context of assessing the pragmatic level of language. This area might be a potential barrier to speech-language intervention; therefore, it should be assessed at the beginning of any intervention.

The measurement tool for the assessment of perceptual-sensory integration was a test battery of the authors’ own design called ‘Assessment of the pragmatic level of language in persons with autism spectrum disorders: potential barriers to speech-language intervention’. The use of the screening material in the context of speech-language intervention is demonstrated on a case study of a boy with suspected autism spectrum disorder diagnosis – children’s autism with a disorder of sensory perception on the body, especially in the orofacial region. The principal methods were observation, analysis of targeted work with the client and interviews with the parents. According to the case report, the speech-language therapy lasted for nine months and focused on the development of the monitored area. The results can be compared on a global scale, including improvement or stagnation in various areas. The targeted therapy resulted in improvement in all monitored areas by at least 1 point (e.g. olfactory and gustatory perception) and by a maximum of 4 points (vestibular system). After initial examination the boy’s disorder was assessed as moderate to severe disorder (effect to negative effect on the process of learning social interaction). However, based on the results of follow-up examination the boy was in the category of moderate disorder (effect on the process of learning and social interaction).
The life quality of adults with disabilities: psychological analysis of the subjective indicators
Authors: Khazova Svetlana , Adeeva Tatiana , Tikhonova Inna , Shipova Natalia
Published: June 2018

The article examines disabled-since-childhood adults’ quality of life. Study reveals conflict in empirical data: the respondents declare high level of one’s life quality but they do not have explicit goals in life and focus on seeking social support in difficult situations. Two groups of the respondents who differently assess their quality of life and control over their lives, have contrasting self-perception, and diverge in the existence of one’s life goals are compared.
Support measures for adolescents' school anxiety mitigation
Authors: Orska Rita
Published: June 2018

School anxiety is one of the situational anxiety types. The feeling of anxiety in school is unavoidable, yet the intensity of this feeling should not exceed each student’s individual “critical point”, as exceeding causes disorientation instead of mobilisation. School anxiety can be expressed in behaviour in the most various forms: from passivity in classes, unsure answers, to “super-diligence”, a wish to do everything perfectly. It is necessary to help students find effective techniques to regulate anxiety, overcome diffidence and other expressions of emotional imbalance. A set of preventive measures must be established, which will help students develop necessary skills for anxiety mitigation and gain successful anxiety overcoming experience. Educational measures regarding this issue are necessary for teachers and parents as well.
Psychological factors of starting entrepreneurs’ business success
Authors: Yurchynska Hanna , Serdiuk Oleksandr
Published: June 2018

The article presents the results of the performed research of personal psychological factors contributing to business success. The analysis of these factors was carried out according to three criteria of business success: entrepreneurial motives, entrepreneurial goals, and entrepreneurial resources. The differences in entrepreneurial motives and goals of successful entrepreneurs and beginners have been determined. The revealed personal traits promoting business success are autonomy, self-expression, purposefulness, planning, and self-efficacy.
Presentación
Authors: Aristizábal Botero Mónica
Published: June 2018

La revista Summa Iuris es el resultado del compromiso de la Funlam con la difusión del conocimiento y con espacios académicos que propicien el análisis y debate tanto de los avances, como de las investigaciones finalizadas, que en este caso -volumen 4, número 1- son presentados por diez investigadores, principalmente juristas, y un sociólogo.
Colombia: ¿Una democracia censitaria?
Authors: Matta Herrera Alejandro
Published: June 2018

Siguiendo la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, el presente artículo se propone analizar si las reglas del sistema electoral colombiano se adecúan a los estándares de derechos humanos para el ejercicio de los derechos políticos previstos en el artículo 23 de la Convención Americana.  Para ello, expondrá los requisitos colombianos para el ejercicio de los derechos políticos, específicamente, de los grupos significativos de personas no afiliadas a ningún partido o movimiento político; luego, describirá los estándares de derechos humanos previstos en la jurisprudencia; y finalmente argumentará que con base en dichos estándares, la normativa colombiana no se ajusta a ellos pues la exigencia de una garantía de seriedad por medio de una póliza de seguros genera una práctica restrictiva. En un primer momento, la metodología que se usará será descriptiva: en este camino se realizará una enunciación de las normas nacionales e internacionales vigentes en torno a los derechos políticos. Luego, en la medida en que la jurisprudencia es la que fija el norte interpretativo de las normas que se describirán, se hará un análisis de casos con el propósito de saber, en la actualidad, cómo se deben proteger los derechos políticos por parte de los estados parte del sistema interamericano de derechos humanos. Finalmente se hará el proceso argumentativo que concluirá afirmando que las normas colombianas no se ajustan a los estándares de derechos humanos de la Corte Interamericana de derechos humanos.
Estudios Organizacionales y su posicionamiento en América Latina: acercamiento teórico-metodológico y desafíos latinoamericanos
Authors: Naranjo Otálvaro Mario Javier
Published: June 2018

El artículo inicia con un acercamiento a los Estudios Organizacionales (EO), en el que se pretende rescatar sus orígenes y aspectos teórico-metodológicos que generalmente guían este tipo de estudios y contribuyen a comprender la complejidad de los mismos; logrando establecer una relación entre los EO con la categoría  ¨discurso¨, la cual se encuentra presente de manera latente en algunos autores latinoamericanos para referirse y desarrollar análisis desde una perspectiva crítica sobre las organizaciones. El mismo presenta una reflexión a algunas de las producciones latinoamericanas sobre los EO y procura identificar el papel de la región en la dinámica mundial, la que a través de algunos planteamientos de la sociología latinoamericana, trata de desentrañar los elementos que articulan su discurso sobre el tema, con los de producción de conocimiento a nivel mundial. La metodología empleada fue de tipo reflexivo aplicando el método de revisión bibliográfica; una de estas reflexiones permite profundizar en la cantidad de producciones intelectuales sobre los EO y  en la posición asumida por estudiosos latinoamericanos que actualmente se interesan por el tema,  y las bases teóricas y metodológicas sobre las que sustentan sus análisis; los cuales, parecen no basarse en los mismos marcos de referencia con los que son analizados los fenómenos organizacionales en otras latitudes, sino que consideraban características políticas, económicas,  y significados propios de las relaciones sociales latinoamericanas. Se rescatan algunos desafíos que deben ser considerados en el posicionamiento y desarrollo de esta nueva cultura académica e investigativa sobre EO que recién inicia en América Latina.
El delito de pánico económico a la luz de la privatización de empresas públicas
Authors: Acosta Zárate Laura Andrea , Medina Rico Ricardo Hernán
Published: June 2018

El presente texto busca analizar las posibles consecuencias jurídicas que puede acarrear la comunicación de un funcionario público de intervenir o de privatizar una empresa pública, trayendo como resultado una importante baja en las acciones de propiedad tanto del Estado como de los particulares. Se estudiará la problemática de la privatización en la República de Colombia y las consecuencias de su difícil implementación. También se pretende analizar el delito de pánico económico contemplado en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano y a partir de ello revisar dogmáticamente si lo llevado a cabo por los servidores públicos puede enmarcarse en la conducta punible en mención. Todo lo anterior se revisará a partir de preceptos que han generado debate entre los estudiosos del Derecho Penal Económico, en tanto se preguntan si estos hechos comportan responsabilidad penal o si son una conducta jurídicamente tolerada.
La prevención general y especial en el sistema penal y penitenciario colombiano
Authors: Gómez Horta Rafael
Published: June 2018

El derecho que el Estado tiene de perseguir y reprimir las conductas que lesionen o pongan en peligro bienes jurídicamente tutelados, no lo sustrae de las obligaciones que éste tiene para la totalidad del conglomerado social, incluyendo la población carcelaria. Los ciudadanos que se encuentran inmersos en el sistema penitenciario, deben ser objeto de especial protección de las instituciones gubernamentales, en procura de su resocialización, ofreciéndoles oportunidades concretas y eficaces que permitan la integración del ex reo al aparato social y productivo de la Nación, sin segregar a la población carcelaria del goce y ejercicio de sus derechos resocializatorios, que desde los desde los imprescindibles aportes doctrinales, hasta la realidad histórica hoy conocida y regida por la actual política criminal, determinan la imperiosa necesidad de no solo ofrecer posibilidades serias de reintegración a la vida en comunidad, sino que más importante aún, deben  garantizar que no solo unos pocos miembros de ciertos sectores sociales o políticos sean los únicos benefactores de la aplicación de la prevención general y prevención especial. Este documento ofrece desde un método descriptivo los fines y funciones de la pena dentro de nuestro ordenamiento constitucional y legal, soportado en décadas de estudio por parte de doctrinantes y prestigiosos juristas.
Comparativo de Cinco Procedimientos Administrativos Sancionatorios (fase ii) Faltas – Sanciones – Etapas – Segunda Instancia – Principios
Authors: Suárez Tamayo David , Retrepo Gómez Laura
Published: June 2018

Durante la primera fase de esta investigación, adelantada, se realizó un inventario de los97 procedimientos administrativos sancionatorios encontrados en la legislación colombianaentre el año 1991 y 2011. En esta segunda fase, se pretende hacer un paralelo entrecinco procedimientos administrativos sancionatorios, con la finalidad de comparar entreellos los siguientes aspectos: tipos de faltas, tipos de sanciones, etapas del procedimiento,segunda instancia y principios que lo rigen.Al final, se pretende abordar de manera crítica, temas problemáticos relacionados conlos principios, a partir de pronunciamientos que al respecto ha hecho la Corte Constitucional.During the first phase of this research, an inventory of 97 Colombian administrativelaw sanction procedures between 1991 and 2011 was performed. The second phase aimsat establishing a parallel among five administrative law sanction procedures with the purposeof comparing the following issues: types of misconducts, types of sanctions; stagesin the procedure; second instance, and the general principles behind it.In the end, the goal is to critically address some problematic topics related to the principlesfrom the jurisprudence of the Colombian Constitutional Court.
Las Vedas como Regulación del Aprovechamiento Sostenible de los Recursos Hidrobiológicos de las Aguas Dulces, Estuarinas y Marinas en Colombia
Authors: Alvarez León Ricardo
Published: June 2018

Se  analizan las vedas vigentes para regular el aprovechamiento y conservación de los recursos pesqueros dulceacuícolas, marinos y estuarinos de Colombia. En los recursos continentales se incluyen peces de las cuencas hidrográficas de los ríos Magdalena, Cauca, San Jorge, Sinú, Orinoco y Amazonas, y algunos embalses y parques nacionales naturales. Los recursos estuarinos y marinos incluyen los litorales del Mar Caribe y del Océano Pacífico, con normas para corales, moluscos, cangrejos, peces, tortugas y delfines.This article analyses the current closed seasons aiming at regulating the use and conservation of the fresh, marine and estuarine fishing resources of the hydrographic basins of Colombia. The continental resources include the hydrographic basins of the rivers Magdalena, Cauca, San Jorge, Sinú. Orinoco and Amazonas; some reservoirs and some National Parks. Estuarine and marine resources include the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean with standards for corals, mollusks, crabs, fish, turtles and dolphins.
ANÁLISE DOS INDICADORES SOCIOECONÔMICOS DE DIFERENTES ESTRATOS DE RENDA DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DE ITAPEJARA D’OESTE-PR
Authors: Villwock Ana Paula Schervinski , Perondi Miguel Angelo
Published: June 2018

A crescente orientação das práticas sociais para o mercado fez com que a reprodução social dos agricultores familiares fosse alterada, principalmente na forma de obtenção da produção e da renda. Sabendo que na agricultura moderna a reprodução social da agricultura familiar se consolida pela diversificação das fontes de renda, seja agrícola ou não agrícola, e pela capacidade de adaptação aos novos contextos sociais, pergunta-se: Quais são as estratégias de renda dos agricultores familiares de Itapejara D’Oeste nos anos 2005 e 2010 e quais os indicadores que caracterizam a renda dessas famílias? Para tanto, procurou-se analisar a estratégia de renda dos agricultores familiares de Itapejara D’Oeste nos anos 2005 e 2010, bem como, os indicadores socioeconômicos que caracterizam a composição da renda. Como resultado identificou-se que o aumento da renda aconteceu via: (1) o aprofundamento do processo de mercantilização; (2) os altos investimentos em tecnologia das unidades de produção familiar no binômio de produção grãos e leite; (3) a maior disponibilidade de trabalho total e de terra; (4) a diversificação da renda total das unidades de produção familiar.
PRODUÇÃO E MERCADOS DOS PRODUTOS TRADICIONAIS PORTUGUESES DE ORIGEM OVINA: 2003-2012
Authors: Cabo Paula Sofia Alves do , Matos Alda Maria Vieira , Ribeiro Maria Isabel Barreiro , Fernandes António José Gonçalves
Published: June 2018

Este trabalho visa contribuir para o desenvolvimento da ovinocultura em Portugal baseado em produtos de elevado valor acrescentado, ou seja, em produtos tradicionais de qualidade. Neste sentido, analisa a produção e comercialização de produtos qualificados com Denominação de Origem Protegida e Indicação Geográfica Protegida, provenientes de ovinos (queijo e carne), com base em fontes documentais. O estudo engloba uma análise temporal (2003-2012) de indicadores de produção e comercialização de queijos e carnes certificados e sua comparação com produtos similares. Os resultados evidenciam a relevância decrescente das carnes qualificadas de borrego relativamente à produção nacional. Todavia, globalmente, os produtores mostraram ser capazes de explorar a mais-valia da certificação por via do diferencial dos preços. As carnes foram comercializadas pelos agrupamentos de produtores, para os mercados locais/regionais e nacional, preferencialmente para os médios e grandes supermercados. Relativamente ao queijo de ovelha, verificou-se, em média, um diferencial de 23% entre os preços dos produtos certificados e similares, a favor do produto certificado. Os queijos de ovelha eram maioritariamente comercializados pelos produtores, para os médios e grandes supermercados, no mercado nacional. Os resultados demonstram a importância do associativismo no desenvolvimento da atividade e evidenciam a necessidade de melhorar a estratégia de comunicação de marketing e de aumentar o poder negocial dos criadores e produtores.
In search of operational snow model structures for the future – comparing four snow models for 17 catchments in Norway
Authors: Skaugen Thomas , Luijting Hanneke , Saloranta Tuomo , Vikhamar-Schuler Dagrun , Müller Karsten
Published: June 2018

In order to use the best suited snow models to investigate snow conditions at ungauged sites and for a changed climate, we have tested four snow models for 17 catchments in Norway. The Crocus and seNorge models are gridded whereas the Distance Distribution Dynamics (DDD) model with its two versions, DDD_CX and DDD_EB, is catchment based. Crocus and DDD_EB use energy balance for estimating snowmelt and SeNorge and DDD_CX use temperature-index methods. SeNorge has calibrated the temperature-index against observed snowmelt, whereas DDD_CX has calibrated the temperature-index against runoff. The models use gridded temperature and precipitation at 1 h resolution for the period 2013–2016. Crocus needs additional forcing from a numerical weather prediction model, whereas DDD_EB calculates the energy-balance elements by using proxy models forced by temperature and precipitation. The threshold temperature for solid and liquid precipitation is common for all the models and equal to 0.5 °C. No corrections of precipitation or temperature are allowed. The snow simulations are validated against observed snow water equivalent (SWE) and against satellite derived snow covered area (SCA). SeNorge and DDD_EB perform best with respect to both SWE and SCA suggesting model structures suited for describing snow conditions at ungauged sites and for a changed climate.
Investigating disinfectant by-products in Harare potable water supply, Zimbabwe
Authors: Nhongo Kuitakwashe , Hoko Zvikomborero , Kugara Jameson
Published: June 2018

Formation of disinfectant by-products was investigated in the Harare water supply system from February to April 2015. Sampling sites were selected from the lake, Morton Jaffray Water Treatment Works and critical points in the distribution system. The spatial variations of trihalomethanes and selected water quality parameters were investigated for 15 sampling points in 5 sampling campaigns to assess suitability for drinking. All trihalomethane species were measured, namely chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and bromoform. Only chloroform and bromodichloromethane were detected. The study confirmed that there is trihalomethanes formation in the Harare water distribution system and that it is affected by the residence time and presence of organic matter in the system. However, the levels of trihalomethanes are generally within the levels suggested by the World Health Organization. Only bromodichloromethane presents a risk for long-term exposure as it had levels that exceeded the limit for long-term exposure suggested by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Bromodichloromethane, turbidity and free residual chlorine levels were not suitable for drinking in some of the zones. Boosting of chlorine residuals is necessary especially in areas with free chlorine less than 0.2 mg/L. Injection of ammonia, periodic cleaning of storage reservoirs, and flushing of lines will reduce trihalomethanes formation.
Non-Resonant Frequencies of Electromagnetic Fields in α-Helices Cellular Membrane Channels
Authors: Calabrò Emanuele , Magazù Salvatore
Published: June 2018

Background:

This paper would be a starting point addressed to a methodology to minimize the effects on livings of man made Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) pollution.

Methods:

Given that previous literature highlighted that the most relevant EMFs effects on biological systems can be due to resonance phenomena between electromagnetic field and organic matter, it was proposed here an algorithm to obtain values of frequencies of an applied electromagnetic field far from resonant frequencies, depending on the natural frequencies and viscous damper of a biological system. These frequencies have been named non-resonant frequencies.

Results:

The displacement of the α-helices in cellular membrane channels due to EMFs has been proposed as a relevant parameter for quantifying the result of the interaction between an applied EMF and organic matter, in order to find both the natural frequencies of a biological system and the resonant frequencies at which α-helices displacement should be maximum.

Conclusion:

The non-resonant frequencies can be obtained using the algorithm proposed here.
Cytotoxic, DNA Cleavage and Pharmacokinetic Parameter Study of Substituted Novel Furan C-2 Quinoline Coupled 1, 2, 4-Triazole and Its Analogs
Authors: Anantacharya Rajpurohit , Satyanarayan Nayak D. , Sukhlal Kalal Bhuvanesh , Pai Vinitha Ramanath
Published: June 2018

Background:

Furan, quinoline and triazoles are known for their wide spectrum biologically active molecules. A series of novel furan C-2 quinoline and 1, 2, 4-triazole (FQT) coupled hybrids were designed and synthesized to evaluate for their DNA cleavage and cytotoxic studies.

Objectives:

In this work we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of furan C-2 quinoline coupled triazoles exposed for cytotoxic and DNA cleavage study.

Methods:

The electrophoretic DNA cleavage studies on λ-DNA (Eco-RI/Hinda-III double digest) using agarose gelelectrophoresis and the cytotoxic activity were carried out by MTT assay method.

Results:

The results revealed that, the molecules 7(a-o) did cleave the DNA completely with no trace of fragments at 100 µg concentration, on the other hand, cytotoxic assay was achieved by two different human cancer cell lines (melanoma cell line-A375 and breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 231). Among the synthesized compounds 7a, 7b, 7c and 7k exhibited potent cytotoxic activity with IC50 values ranging from 2.9, 4.0, 7.8 and 5.1 µg/ml against A375 and 6.2, 9.5, 11.3 and 7.3 µg/ml against, MDA-MB 231, respectively.

Conclusion:

In synthesized compounds 7(a-o) exhibited complete DNA cleavage at 100 µg/ml and the compounds 7a, 7b, 7c and 7k showed very less cytotoxic in nature. The structure activity relationship revealed that, the presence of halogen group/atoms at para position of phenyl ring remarkably enhanced the DNA cleavage and cytotoxic activities among the synthesized compounds.
Comparative Analysis of the Survival Status and Treatment Outcome of Under-five Children Admitted with Severe Acute Malnutrition Among Hospital-based and Health Center Based Stabilization Centers, South Ethiopia
Authors: Girum Tadele , Muktar Ebrahim , Worku Abdulsemed
Published: June 2018

Background:

Severe acute malnutrition has been managed at Hospital stabilization centers until the management at health center based stabilization centers was started recently. However, the treatment outcome was not assessed in relation to the existing hospital-based management. Therefore, this study comparatively assessed the treatment outcome and survival status of severe acute malnutrition among Health center-based and hospital-based stabilization centers. The finding will be used by healthcare providers, planners and policymakers at large.

Methods:

Randomly selected 400 records of under-five children admitted to five stabilization centers (2 hospitals and 3 health center) in Gedeo Zone was included. Data was entered by Epi Info version 7 and analyzed by STATA version 11. Survival difference was checked by life table and Kaplan-Mier with Log-Rank test. Cox proportional hazards model was built by forward stepwise procedure; compared to likely hood ratio test and Harrell’s concordance and fitness checked by the cox-snell residual plot.

Result:

The study showed that the cumulative probability of Survival is significantly different at Hospital stabilization center and health center stabilization centers (p.value <0.001) with shorter survival at hospitals. During the follow-up period, 28(13.86%) children from hospital and 5(2.5%) children from health center died, while 155(76.73%) children from the hospital and 145(73.23%) children from health center got cured. Eighteen (4.5%)children were defaulted. Death is significantly higher at the hospital, while default rate and cure rate are not significantly different. Altered pulse rate [AHR=2.44, 95% CI =1.47-4, p<0.001], NG tube insertion [AHR=1.8, 95% CI =1.04-3.1, p=0.038], Anemia [AHR=1.53, 95% CI =1.02-2.3, p<0.041] and Hypoglycemia [AHR=2.78, 95% CI =1.8-4.3, p<0.001] were found to be independent predictors of death.

Conclusion:

The survival of children in hospital is shorter and mortality is higher. An overall treatment outcome was in acceptable ranges. Intervention to further reduce deaths at hospitals has to focus on children with comorbidities and altered general conditions and early detection.
Debrecen légszennyezettségének vizsgálata epifiton zuzmók nehézfémtartalmának tanulmányozásával
Authors: Szabó Zsófia , Keczánné Üveges Andrea
Published: June 2018

Kutatómunkánk során Debrecen város forgalmasabb csomópontjaiban vizsgáltuk a levegőminőséget nehézfém tartalom szempontjából. Vizsgálatainkhoz epifiton indikátornövényeket gyűjtöttünk Debrecen meghatározott útszakaszai mentén, és városon kívüli kontrollterületen. A mintavétel a zuzmók vegetációs időszakának megfelelően március elején történt. A begyűjtött minták tisztítását, szárítását és roncsolását követően vizsgáltuk azok toxikus fémtartalmát Induktív Csatolású Plazma- Optikai Emissziós Spektrometria elven működő készülékkel. Összesen 9 fém koncentrációját vizsgáltuk, többek között a nickel, ólom, réz és cink tartalmat.
Lakás 4.0 – Intelligens otthonok
Authors: Kovács Bence
Published: June 2018

A „Lakás 4.0” cím értelmezéséhez tisztában kell lenni az ipari forradalmakkal, azok közül is a jelen korunkban zajló negyedikkel, melyet szokás „Ipar 4.0”-nak is nevezni. Az iparban egyre jobban teret nyerő automatizálási folyamatok, valamint a mechanizmusok és erőforrások leképezése a kiber-fizikai térben kezd beszivárogni a háztartási szektorba is. Innen a címben szereplő kifejezés. Megvizsgálásra került a jelenleg rendelkezésre álló okos otthon technológia lehetőségei és megalkotásra egy szempontrendszert, ami alapján megépült egy valós körülményeket szimuláló modell. A modellt egy központi vezérlőegység irányítja, melynek a kezelőfelülete és vezérlőprogramja is elkészült. Olyan fontos funkciók kerültek megvalósításra, mint a világítás-, hűtés-, és fűtéstechnika, behatolás-, és tűzvédelem, szórakoztató elektronika, locsolás-, és nem utolsó sorban a motorvezérlés.
Műszaki végzettséggel rendelkezők munkaerőpiaci érvényesülése Magyarország területén
Authors: Demeter Andrea
Published: June 2018

Dolgozatomban arra keresem a választ, hogy milyen arányban jelennek meg a munkaerőpiacon a középés felsőfokú műszaki végzettséggel rendelkezők Magyarország területén. Vizsgálom a különböző műszaki végzettségűek munkanélküliségi arányát Magyarország régióinak a viszonylatában.
Járásfelismerés fejlesztése NI LabVIEW környezetben
Authors: Salánki Dániel , Sarvajcz Kornél
Published: June 2018

Napjainkban az egyik legnagyobb ütemben fejlődő biztonságtechnikai terület a biometrikus azonosítók világa. A kutatócsoport a biometrikus azonosításon belül a járásfelismerés szakterületével foglalkozik. A kutatócsoport megvalósított egy olyan komplex járásfelismerő rendszert NI LabVIEW fejlesztőkörnyezetben, amely képes univerzális kamera segítségével detektálni több egyidejű referenciapontot, és képes a gyűjtött mintákra előre definiált görbét illeszteni. A program továbbá képes a referenciagörbére és az aktuális görbére illesztett függvényeket meghatározott módon összehasonlítani és kiértékelni, hogy azonos-e két járáskép vagy sem. A programban mentési és visszatöltési funkció is helyett kapott, amely hozzájárul a referencia járáskép előállításához. A járásfelismerést megelőző lábelemző program a pontosság növelését szolgálja. A saját fejlesztésű járásfelismerő rendszert több személyen is teszteltük, mely tesztek közül idegen személy esetén egyszer sem mutatott egyezést a program.
Szürkevizek kezelése különböző oxidálószerekkel
Authors: Ungvári Csaba , Izbékiné Sazabolcsik Andrea , Bodnár Bodnár Ildikó
Published: June 2018

Kutatásunk során szintetikusan előállított szürkevizek változatos szűrőközegeken történő előkezelés utáni oxidatív vizsgáltát végeztük el különböző oxidálószerekkel. A szürkevíz mintákat többféle vízminőségi paraméter mérésével jellemeztük. Ezeket a vizsgálatokat elvégeztük a kezeletlen, előkezelt, illetve az oxidatív kezelés átesett mintákon is. A vízminőségi paraméterek változásainak segítségével következtettünk a különböző kezelések hatékonyságára. Emellett, a szűrőközegekben bekövetkező változások jellemzésére pásztázó elektronmikroszkóp (SEM) segítségével vizsgáltuk a szűrőközegek felületét a használat előtt, majd azt követően is. A vizsgálataink során kapott eredmények alapján megállapítható, hogy a fürdővizek újrafelhasználásának céljából a kvarchomokból- vagy az aktív szénből és kvarchomokból álló kombinált szűrőközegen történő szűrés, majd ezt követően 10 mmol/dm3 hidrogén-peroxiddal történő kezelés bizonyult hatékony kezelési megoldásnak.
Peran Guru Dalam Pembiasaan Sholat Berjamaah
Authors: Izzah Lathifatul , Purwaningsih Ratna
Published: June 2018

Article is the result of field research (field research) using qualitative methods. This article tries to explain about the kind of worship prayer in congregation usually done in public madrasah tsanawiyah (MTs N) Galur Kulon Progo DIY, also will be to explain about the role of teachers in the habit of worship prayer in congregation for students in MTs N Galur Kulon Progo DIY. Thus the conclusion of this article mention that this type of regular daily prayers in congregation is held in the MTs N is Dhuha prayer, prayer Dhuhr, and Friday prayers. The role of teachers in habituation prayer in congregation MTs N is as educators, teachers, tutors, mentors, models and example, transfer camp, as well as generating the view.

Keywords : The role of teacher, habit of worship prayer, the worship congregation
Perspektif Kultural untuk Pengembangan Pengukuran Kebahagiaan Orang Jawa
Authors: Akhtar Hanif
Published: June 2018

Studies on happiness are becoming popular.The present instruments, measuring happinessare mostly adapted from the Western perspective. Meanwhile, there are differences in themeaning of happiness in the context of Western culture (individualist) and Eastern culture(collectivist). An instrument measuring happiness that uses the perspective of Indonesiansociety has been developed. However, this scale is more likely measuring the cause ofhappiness, not the happiness itself. The concept of happiness is still not clearly defined in the instrument. An in-depth study is needed to explore aspects of the Javanese happiness as abasic reference for the development of the happiness scale. This paper has described theconcept of happiness according to Ki Ageng Suryamentaram and the difference with theWestern concept. Therefore, this article gives advice on developing a happiness scale that isaccurate by exploring the construct of happiness in the Java community
Internet Addiction pada Remaja Pelaku Substance Abuse: Penyebab atau Akibat?
Authors: Nur Rahmawati Ajeng Intan
Published: June 2018

The purpose of this article to find out which variables are the causes and effects between substancial abuse and internet addiction through conceptual studies.Internet addiction and substance abuse are known to have correlation.But this becomes overlapping, which is the cause andthe result. The results of this conceptual study explain that adolescents who experience substance abuse will tend tobe the cause of increased prevalenceinternet addiction, because the use of addictive substances will determine how fast internet addiction develops. Conversely, adolescents who experience Internet addiction is not necessarily the cause of the emergence of substance abuse. It can be concluded that substance abuse is the cause of high levels of internet addiction in adolescents, likewisethe internet addiction has the potential to cause substance abuse
Identification and Ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants in Vathalmalai hills, Eastern Ghats, Dharmapuri district, Tamilnadu, India
Authors: S Loganathan , K Selvam
Published: June 2018

Objective: Identification and ethnobotanical survey was made on the utilization of medicinal plant the tribal community of Vathalmalai Hills in Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, India. The objective of the study was to identify and documented the medicinal plants traditionally used by tribal people.Methods: The study was conducted from October 2016 to October 2017. The data were collected from local tribal community, they were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires, and their traditional ethnomedicinal knowledge was recorded. As, we had collecting the information through local tribal peoples, they we are know the plant local names as well as which plants and parts are mostly used in various disease and disorders problems.Results: A total of 82 plant species and belonging to 40 families were identified. They are most frequently used plant parts leaf and most of the medicine prepared in the form powder and paste. The important disease cure for cold, diarrhea, chicken pox, smallpox, cough, headache, and stomach ache.Conclusion: The ethnomedicinal survey of medicinal plants recommended by traditional healers for the treatment of various disease and disorders new areas of research on the antihypertensive effect of medicinal plants. In the case of safety and effectiveness, they can be refined and processed to produce natural drugs.
EFFECT OF VAGINAL SILDENAFIL ON IN VITRO FERTILIZATION SUCCESS RATES IN WOMEN WITH PREVIOUS FAILED IN VITRO FERTILIZATION ATTEMPTS
Authors: Tehraninejad Ensieh Shahrokh , Khazei Noushin , Ayati Elnaz , Movafegh Ali , Azimaraghi Omid
Published: June 2018

Objectives: Endometrial thickness of <9 mm is a predictor of in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure, although neither pregnancy rates nor the pregnancy outcomes are dependent on the endometrial thickness alone. The impact that uterine artery blood flow has on endometrial growth is dependent on nitric oxide which concentrations could be altered by halting a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-mediated pathway with a phosphodiesterase type 5 selective inhibitor such as sildenafil.Methods: In this clinical trial, 72 patients aged below 45 years which have had at least two earlier failed IVF attempts were randomly split into two groups each consisting of 36 patients. Both groups were started on a long IVF protocol. The case group was also administered 100 mg vaginal sildenafil suppositories daily, starting on day 3 of menstruation which was continued until human chorionic gonadotropin administration. Endometrial thickness was measured using ultrasonography in both groups plus pregnancy rates were assessed in both groups.Results: The mean age of the patients in Group A who received sildenafil; in this clinical trial, 72 patients aged below 45 years which have had at least two previous failed IVF attempts were randomly split into two groups each consisting of 36 patients was 33.8±4.8 in contrast to Group B (control group) with the mean age of 33.8±4.8. Mean endometrial thickness of 8.6±0.1 mm was recorded in Group B compared to 9.0±0.7 mm in Group A (p=0.03). Of all the 36 participants who received sildenafil citrate during the IVF cycle, 12 (33.3%) patients had successful pregnancies while 24 (66.7%) failed to get pregnant. In the control group, out of the 36 participants, 10 (27.8%) patients got pregnant while 26 (72.2%) failed the cycle (p=0.9).Conclusion: This study showed that although using vaginal sildenafil during the IVF cycle does improve endometrial thickness before implantation, this does not necessarily lead to higher pregnancy rates.
Estado, autonomia e integração regional na América Latina
Authors: Granato Leonardo , Rebouças Batista Ian
Published: June 2018

Neste ensaio teórico, buscamos construir o conceito ampliado de autonomia estatal para, a partir dele, entendermos a integração regional como ferramenta fundamental para a superação do subdesenvolvimento e da dependência dos Estados latino-americanos.