bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of the freeze thaw characteristics of expansive soil slope models with different initial moisture contents
Authors: Yang Zhongnian , Lv Jianhang , Shi Wei , Jia Chao , Wang Chu , Hong Yong , Ling Xianzhang
Published: November 2021

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of freeze–thaw cycling on expansive soil slopes with different initial moisture contents. Clay soil from Weifang, China, was remolded and selected to build the expansive soil slope for the indoor slope model tests. A total of five freeze–thaw cycles were applied to the three expansive soil slopes with different moisture contents ranging from 20 to 40%. Variations of the crack developments, displacements, soil pressures and moisture contents of the expansive soil slope with different initial moisture contents during the freeze–thaw cycling were reported and discussed. The results indicate that higher moisture contents can slow the development of cracks and that the soil pressure increases with decreasing temperature. The soil pressure of slope decreases after freeze–thaw cycle, and the change amplitude of soil pressure after freeze–thaw is proportional to water content. The slopes with a moisture content of 20% and 30% shrinks during freezing and expands during thawing, which was named ES-FSTE Model, while the slope with a 40% moisture content shows the opposite behavior. During freeze–thaw cycles, moisture migrates to slope surface. As initial moisture contents increase, the soil heat transfer rate and bearing capacity decreases after five freeze–thaw cycling.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) adaptability evaluation in a semi-arid region of Central Morocco using APSIM model
Authors: Briak Hamza , Kebede Fassil
Published: November 2021

In this study, we evaluated the suitability of semi-arid region of Central Morocco for wheat production using Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) considering weather, soil properties and crop management production factors. Model calibration was carried out using data collected from field trials. A quantitative statistics, i.e., root mean square error (RMSE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and index of agreement (d) were used in model performance evaluation. Furthermore, series of simulations were performed to simulate the future scenarios of wheat productivity based on climate projection; the optimum sowing date under water deficit condition and selection of appropriate wheat varieties. The study showed that the performance of the model was fairly accurate as judged by having RMSE = 0.13, NSE = 0.95, and d = 0.98. The realization of future climate data projection and their integration into the APSIM model allowed us to obtain future scenarios of wheat yield that vary between 0 and 2.33 t/ha throughout the study period. The simulated result confirmed that the yield obtained from plots seeded between 25 October and 25 November was higher than that of sown until 05 January. From the several varieties tested, Hartog, Sunstate, Wollaroi, Batten and Sapphire were yielded comparatively higher than the locale variety Marzak. In conclusion, APSIM-Wheat model could be used as a promising tool to identify the best management practices such as determining the sowing date and selection of crop variety based on the length of the crop cycle for adapting and mitigating climate change.
Dynamic changes in arterial blood gas during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Hong Seok-In , Kim June-Sung , Kim Youn-Jung , Kim Won Young
Published: November 2021

We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of dynamic changes in arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) measured after the start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). This prospective observational study was conducted at the emergency department of a university hospital from February 2018 to February 2020. All blood samples for gas analysis were collected from a radial or femoral arterial line, which was inserted during CPR. Changes in ABGA parameters were expressed as delta (Δ), defined as the values of the second ABGA minus the values of the initial ABGA. The primary outcome was sustained ROSC. Out of the 80 patients included in the analysis, 13 achieved sustained ROSC after in-hospital resuscitation. Multivariable logistic analysis revealed that ΔpaO2 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.023; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.004–1.043, p = 0.020) along with prehospital shockable rhythm (OR = 84.680; 95% CI = 2.561–2799.939, p = 0.013) and total resuscitation duration (OR = 0.881; 95% CI = 0.805–0.964, p = 0.006) were significant predictors for sustained ROSC. Our study suggests a possible association between ΔpaO2 in ABGA during CPR and an increased rate of sustained ROSC in the late phase of OHCA.
Wildfire activity enhanced during phases of maximum orbital eccentricity and precessional forcing in the Early Jurassic
Authors: Hollaar Teuntje P. , Baker Sarah J. , Hesselbo Stephen P. , Deconinck Jean-François , Mander Luke , Ruhl Micha , Belcher Claire M.
Published: November 2021

Fire regimes are changing due to both anthropogenic climatic drivers and vegetation management challenges, making it difficult to determine how climate alone might influence wildfire activity. Earth has been subject to natural-background climate variability throughout its past due to variations in Earth’s orbital parameters (Milkankovitch cycles), which provides an opportunity to assess climate-only driven variations in wildfire. Here we present a 350,000 yr long record of fossil charcoal from mid-latitude (~35°N) Jurassic sedimentary rocks. These results are coupled to estimates of variations in the hydrological cycle using clay mineral, palynofacies and elemental analyses, and lithological and biogeochemical signatures. We show that fire activity strongly increased during extreme seasonal contrast (monsoonal climate), which has been linked to maximal precessional forcing (boreal summer in perihelion) (21,000 yr cycles), and we hypothesize that long eccentricity modulation further enhances precession-forced fire activity.
Highly sensitive, selective, and rapid detection of miRNA-21 using an RCA/G-quadruplex/QnDESA probing system
Authors: Asa Tasnima Alam , Ravi Kumara Guralamatta Siddappa , Seo Young Jun
Published: November 2021

In this study we developed a very simple and rapid miRNA 21 detection system using a novel QnDESA probe for sensing the 22AG hybrid G-quadruplex with a single-step rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction.
A confined crosslinking strategy towards an intelligent organosilica–micellar hybrid drug delivery system
Authors: Qin Xing , Qin Limei , He Jianping , Wang Qinghua , Li Yongsheng , Niu Dechao
Published: November 2021

A smart drug delivery carrier with both precise drug release and real-time detection has been developed.
Polydopamine-assisted decoration of Se nanoparticles on curcumin-incorporated nanofiber matrices for localized synergistic tumor-wound therapy
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhang Jiting , Ran Siyi , Sun Wei , Zhu Zhihong
Published: November 2021

An implantable polymer-based nanofiber matrix loaded with combination therapy drugs,i.e., curcumin and Se nanoparticles, is designed and developed for postoperative localized synergistic tumor-wound therapy.
Multistep protection strategy for preparation of atomically dispersed Fe–N catalysts for selective oxidation of ethylbenzene to acetophenone
Authors: Zhao Hong , Fang Jian , Xu Dan , Li Jianfeng , Li Boyang , Zhao Huacheng , Dong Zhengping
Published: November 2021

Atomically dispersed Fe atoms on three-dimensional N-doped hollow carbon spheres single-atom catalyst was prepared, which exhibit excellent catalytic performance for the catalytic oxidation of ethylbenzene under mild reaction conditions.
High-spin carbonyl complexes of iron(i) and cobalt(i)
Authors: Schneider Christian , Guggolz Lukas , Werncke C. Gunnar
Published: November 2021

The synthesis and characterisation of unique high-spin carbonyl complexes of iron and cobalt is presented.
Dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate from Lophius litulon alleviate the allergy sensitized by major royal jelly protein 1
Authors: Huang Xue , Lin Na , Liang Xinle , Zhang Hong
Published: November 2021

The objective of the present study was to explore the desensitization effect of dermatan sulfate (DS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) from Lophius litulon (Ll) on mice sensitized by major royal jelly protein 1 (MRJP1).
Clinical correlation between serum cytokines and the susceptibility to Polygonum multiflorum-induced liver injury and an experimental study
Authors: Zhang Le , Niu Ming , Wei Ai-wu , Tang Jin-fa , Li Peng-yan , Song Di , Bai Zhao-fang , Liu You-ping , Xiao Xiao-he , Wang Jia-bo
Published: November 2021

Polygonum multiflorum (PM), a popular functional food, and a herbal and dietary supplement, is widely used as a tonic in China and East Asia.
Selective separation of single-walled carbon nanotubes in aqueous solution by assembling redox nanoclusters
Authors: Zhu Anquan , Yang Xusheng , Zhang Lei , Wang Kun , Liu Tianhui , Zhao Xin , Zhang Luyao , Wang Lei , Yang Feng
Published: November 2021

Redox polyoxometalate clusters were controllably assembled with SWCNTs to modulate the intertube π–π stacking interaction through electron transfer, which enabled the selective separation of SWCNTs with different diameters in aqueous solution.
Tailoring defects and nanocrystal transformation for optimal heating power in bimagnetic CoyFe1−yO@CoxFe3−xO4particles
Authors: Antonaropoulos George , Vasilakaki Marianna , Trohidou Kalliopi N. , Iannotti Vincenzo , Ausanio Giovanni , Abeykoon Milinda , Bozin Emil S. , Lappas Alexandros
Published: November 2021

Synchrotron X-ray scattering reveals that atomic-scale defect control manipulated by chemical substitution optimizes nanomagnetism and enables hyperthermia heating in core-shell iron-oxide nanocrystals.
ROS-mediated liposomal dexamethasone: a new FA-targeted nanoformulation to combat rheumatoid arthritis via inhibiting iRhom2/TNF-α/BAFF pathways
Authors: Song Yanqin , Ismail Muhammad , Shan Qi , Zhao Jianing , Zhu Yanping , Zhang Leiming , Du Yuan , Ling Longbing
Published: November 2021

ROS-mediated liposomal dexamethasone with an FA target, termed Dex@FA-ROS-Lips, is fabricated and applied to combat rheumatoid arthritis via inhibiting iRhom2/TNF-α/BAFF pathways.
Red-emissive nanocrystals of Cs4MnxCd1−xSb2Cl12 layered perovskites
Authors: Sartori Emanuela , Campolucci Marta , Baranov Dmitry , Zeng Min , Toso Stefano , Divitini Giorgio , Ferretti Maurizio , Hens Zeger , Manna Liberato , Locardi Federico
Published: November 2021

Cs4MnxCd1−xSb2Cl12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) has been prepared in the form of nanocrystals (NCs). The NCs showed a red emission with a photoluminescence quantum yield of 3.9% obtained after a post-synthesis treatment.
Emerging 2D materials for antimicrobial applications in the pre- and post-pandemic era
Authors: Gokce Cemile , Gurcan Cansu , Besbinar Omur , Unal Mehmet Altay , Yilmazer Acelya
Published: November 2021

Infectious diseases caused by viral or bacterial pathogens are one of the most serious threats to humanity. 2D materials can efficiently favor antimicrobial activity and maintain a safer environment to protect people against these pathogens.
Electrochemical gelation of quantum dots using non-noble metal electrodes at high oxidation potentials
Authors: Hewa-Rahinduwage Chathuranga C. , Silva Karunamuni L. , Geng Xin , Brock Stephanie L. , Luo Long
Published: November 2021

Relative to conventional chemical approaches, electrochemical assembly of metal chalcogenide nanoparticles enables the use of two additional levers for tuning the assembly process: electrode material and potential.
Preparation and characterization of the Li1.12K0.05Mn0.57Ni0.24Nb0.02O2 cathode material with highly improved rate cycling performance for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Liu Cong , Zhang Shuang , Feng Yuanyuan , Miao Xiaowei , Yang Gang , Li Jie
Published: November 2021

K+ and Nb5+ co-substitution improves the rate and cycling stability, and the synergistic mechanism of K+ and Nb5+ has been studied.
Formation mechanism of Ruddlesden–Popper faults in compressive-strained ABO3 perovskite superlattices
Authors: Qi Haoyuan , Chen Xiaodan , Benckiser Eva , Wu Meng , Cristiani Georg , Logvenov Gennady , Keimer Bernhard , Kaiser Ute
Published: November 2021

In an oxide perovskite superlattice, Ruddlesden–Popper faults were found to form via Shockley partials bounded by basal plane stacking faults. The formation of such Ruddlesden–Popper faults could facilitate the relaxation of compressive strain.
Self-assembled cellulose nanofiber–carbon nanotube nanocomposite films with anisotropic conductivity
Authors: Skogberg Anne , Siljander Sanna , Mäki Antti-Juhana , Honkanen Mari , Efimov Alexander , Hannula Markus , Lahtinen Panu , Tuukkanen Sampo , Björkqvist Tomas , Kallio Pasi
Published: November 2021

c-CNFs were used as an aid to disperse CNTs, and additional c-CNFs guided the self-assembly between nanocomponents resulting in a nanocomposite film with anisotropic properties.
Glutathione peroxidase mimics based on conformationally-restricted, peri-like, 4,5-disubstituted fluorene dichalcogenides
Authors: Jagdev Kesar , Tanini Damiano , Lownes Jack W. , Figliola Carlotta , Male Louise , Capperucci Antonella , Grainger Richard S.
Published: November 2021

The synthesis, structure and properties of 4,5-(bay)-substituted fluorene dichalcogenides and their oxides are investigated towards a new class of GPx mimic.
Novel photoinitiators based on difluoroborate complexes of squaraine dyes for radical polymerization of acrylates upon visible light
Authors: Balcerak Alicja , Kwiatkowska Dominika , Kabatc Janina
Published: November 2021

The present article describes the efficiency of novel two-component photoinitiators based on a typical squaraine dye and its difluoroborate analogues for the radical polymerization of acrylate monomers.
Fast acid-leaching strategy treated hollow cobalt–carbon materials as highly efficient electrochemical catalysts for Zn–air batteries
Authors: Yang Jun , Long Jilan , Chen Cheng , Liang Guangming , Tang Bing , Liu Xiaohong , Zhang Wei
Published: November 2021

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are employed as ideal calcining templates for the synthesis of highly efficient metal–carbon based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts.
Effect of hydrogen-rich gas from char gasification on rapid pyrolysis products of low rank coal in a downer pyrolyzer
Authors: Li Ting , Li Yong , Cheng Yanan , Li Xiaorong , Shen Yanfeng , Yan Lunjing , Wang Meijun , Chang Liping , Bao Weiren
Published: November 2021

Simulated coal gas from char gasification played a different role at different temperature (550–700 °C) during coal pyrolysis.
Effects of kaolinite layer expansion and impurities on the solid-state reaction of kaolinite
Authors: Machida Shingo , Katsumata Ken-ichi , Yasumori Atsuo
Published: November 2021

Effects of kaolinite layer expansion and impurities on the rapid formation of metastable CaAl2Si2O8 with the supression of byproduct formation were demonstrated based on the solid-state reaction of calcium carbonate with methoxy-modified kaolinite.
Simple fabrication of Co3O4 nanoparticles on N-doped laser-induced graphene for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Khandelwal Mahima , Nguyen Anh Phan , Tran Chau Van , In Jung Bin
Published: November 2021

Simultaneous decoration of Co3O4 nanoparticles and heteroatom doping on laser-induced graphene based on a duplicate pyrolysis method for supercapacitor applications.
A hybrid design of Ag-decorated ZnO on layered nanomaterials (MgAC) with photocatalytic and antibacterial dual-functional abilities
Authors: Pham Tuyet Nhung , Thi Hue Nguyen , Lee Young-Chul , Huy Tran Quang , Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen , Tuan Hoang Van , Khi Nguyen Tien , Phan Vu Ngoc , Thanh Tran Dang , Lam Vu Dinh , Le Anh-Tuan
Published: November 2021

Dual-functional Ag@ZnO/MgAC nanocomposites for photocatalytic and antibacterial applications synthesized by a simple two-step electrochemical method.
Direct synthesis and applications of solid silylzinc reagents
Authors: Chandrasekaran Revathi , Pulikkottil Feba Thomas , Elama Krishna Suresh , Rasappan Ramesh
Published: November 2021

The first direct synthesis of PhMe2SiZnI and Me3SiZnI reagents from silyl iodides is described. They can be obtained as solids and stored at 4 °C for extended periods. The versatility of solid Me3SiZnI is demonstrated in a variety of reactions.
The advent of manganese-substituted sodium vanadium phosphate-based cathodes for sodium-ion batteries and their current progress: a focused review
Authors: Soundharrajan Vaiyapuri , Nithiananth Subramanian , Sakthiabirami Kumaresan , Kim Jung Ho , Su Ching-Yuan , Chang Jeng-Kuei
Published: November 2021

This review summarizes the current status and advancements made in research on manganese-substituted sodium vanadium phosphate-based cathodes, with a focus on their structural evolution, composite formation, morphological tailoring, and fabrication protocols.
Less phagocytosis of viral vectors by tethering with CD47 ectodomain
Authors: Alyami Esmael M. , Tarar Ammar , Peng Ching-An
Published: November 2021

CD47 ectodomain tethered on the surface of lentiviral vectors endowing them with a phagocytosis-resistant feature.
Inflammasome activation in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Ravichandran Kishore Aravind , Heneka Michael T.
Published: November 2021

Approximately ten million people are diagnosed with dementia annually since they experience difficulties with memory and thinking skills. Since neurodegenerative diseases are diagnosed late, most of them are difficult to treat. This is due to the increased severity of the disease during the progression when neuroinflammation plays a critical role. The activation of immune cells, especially microglia, plays a crucial role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Molecular sensors within these microglia, such as the NLRP3 inflammasome, are activated by signals that represent the hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we first summarize the two activation steps of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, we discuss the key factors that contribute to NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the different neuroinflammatory diseases, like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The prominent NLRP3 inflammasome triggers include amyloid β and tau oligomers in AD, α-synuclein in PD, and superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP43) in ALS. NLRP3 inhibitor treatment has shown promising results in several preclinical mouse models of AD, PD, and ALS. Finally, we postulate that current understandings underpin the potential for NLRP3 inhibitors as a therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases.
Tie‐line planning for resilience enhancement in unbalanced distribution networks
Authors: Taheri Babak , Safdarian Amir
Published: November 2021

Over the past decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the frequency of natural disasters, which are the leading causes of large‐scale power outages. This paper, therefore, assesses the significance and role of optimal tie‐line construction in improving the service restoration performance of unbalanced power distribution systems in the aftermath of high‐impact low‐probability incidents. In doing so, a restoration process aware stochastic mixed‐integer linear programming model is developed to find the optimal locations for new tie‐line construction in unbalanced three‐phase distribution systems. In particular, the restoration process of distribution systems, including the fault isolation and system reconfiguration, is contemplated to place tie‐lines in the most proper locations to enhance the manoeuvring capability of distribution systems and reducing the customer interruption time. Furthermore, the model is a stochastic one wherein uncertainty associated with potential damages alongside demand uncertainty is captured via a set of likely scenarios. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic mixed‐integer linear programming model, it is tested and verified on the IEEE 13‐ and 123‐bus test systems.
A novel method for calibration and verification of roadside millimetre‐wave radar
Authors: Zhang Changlong , Wei Jimin , Hu Albert Sibo , Fu Peipei
Published: November 2021

Roadside perception systems commonly rely on millimetre‐wave radars that are stationary. Obtaining global coordinates of radar detection targets requires calibration of radars installed on roadways, which is dangerous if performed via conventional methods. Hazards such as live traffic, particularly on expressways, make safe calibration difficult without road closures. To avoid these issues, this paper proposes a novel calibration method for roadside millimetre‐wave radar by using high‐definition maps to provide global positioning for radar detection targets, combined with vehicle trajectory data from live traffic. After clustering collected traffic data, a polynomial curve fit provides the shape of lane centrelines. Calibration parameters for the relative‐to‐global position mapping are then obtained by matching fitted curve sample points to points in high‐definition maps using non‐linear optimization. The calibration results are verified experimentally using a connected vehicle and roadside unit on an urban street, demonstrating that the proposed method meets lane‐level precision requirements for V2X applications. This data‐driven method borrows live traffic for calibration and hence is safer and more convenient compared to existing calibration methods.
Bearing‐only underwater uncooperative target tracking for non‐Gaussian environment using fast particle filter
Authors: Hou Xianghao , Yang Long , Yang Yixin , Zhou Jianbo , Qiao Gang
Published: November 2021

Bearing‐only tracking of an underwater uncooperative target is essential to defend the sea territory. Considering the influences by uncertain underwater environment, the purpose of this work is to estimate 2‐D locations and velocities of an interested underwater target for non‐Gaussian environment. In this work, a fast particle filter (FPF) based on the traditional particle filter (PF) with novel jet transport (JT) technique is proposed to deal with this problem. Aiming to overcome the heavy computation burden of the traditional PF that limits most of its practical applications, the JT technique can dramatically reduce the computation time and complexity in the particle evolution process, which contributes huge computational complexities to the traditional PF. Then, the proposed FPF is tested through simulations in the 2‐D underwater uncooperative target tracking scenario. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FPF can track the underwater uncooperative target with the similar accuracies as the traditional PF but only occupies less than 20% of the computational resources.
Propagating brightenings in small loop-like structures in the quiet-Sun corona: Observations from Solar Orbiter/EUI
Authors: Mandal Sudip , Peter Hardi , Pradeep Chitta Lakshmi , Solanki Sami K. , Aznar Cuadrado Regina , Teriaca Luca , Schühle Udo , Berghmans David , Auchère Frédéric
Published: November 2021

Brightenings observed in solar extreme-ultraviolet images are generally interpreted as signatures of micro- or nanoflares occurring in the transition region or at coronal temperatures. Recent observations with the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on board Solar Orbiter have revealed the smallest of such brightenings (called campfires) in the quiet-Sun corona. Analyzing EUI 174 Å data obtained at a resolution of about 400 km on the Sun with a cadence of 5 s on 30 May 2020, we report here a number of cases in which these campfires exhibit propagating signatures along their apparently small (3–5 Mm) loop-like structures. The measured propagation speeds are generally between 25 km s−1and 60 km s−1. If the loop plasma is assumed to be at a million Kelvin, these apparent motions would be slower than the local sound speed. Furthermore, these brightenings exhibit nontrivial propagation characteristics such as bifurcation, merging, reflection, and repeated plasma ejections. We suggest that these features are manifestations of the internal dynamics of these small-scale magnetic structures and could provide important insights into the dynamic response (∼40 s) of the loop plasma to the heating events and also into the locations of the heating events themselves.
Cost of null controllability for parabolic equations with vanishing diffusivity and a transport term
Authors: Bárcena-Petisco Jon Asier
Published: November 2021

In this paper we consider the heat equation with Neumann, Robin and mixed boundary conditions (with coefficients on the boundary which depend on the space variable). The main results concern the behaviour of the cost of the null controllability with respect to the diffusivity when the control acts in the interior. First, we prove that if we almost have Dirichlet boundary conditions in the part of the boundary in which the flux of the transport enters, the cost of the controllability decays for a time T sufficiently large. Next, we show some examples of Neumann and mixed boundary conditions in which for any time T > 0 the cost explodes exponentially as the diffusivity vanishes. Finally, we study the cost of the problem with Neumann boundary conditions when the control is localized in the whole domain.
Der Sterbeort neurologischer Patienten mit ausgewählten
Erkrankungsentitäten: Daten einer Beobachtungsstudie zu Sterbeorten aus
Deutschland
Authors: Dasch Burkhard , Lenz Philipp
Published: November 2021

Ziel der Studie Bislang existieren in Deutschland nur wenige Daten zum
Sterbeort von Patienten mit neurologischer Grunderkrankung.

Methodik Im Rahmen der bis dato umfangreichsten Sterbeortstudie in
Deutschland wurde in vorliegender Untersuchung der Sterbeort von neurologischen
Patienten mit ausgewählten Erkrankungsentitäten (ALS (ALS),
bösartige Neubildung des Gehirns (BNG), Hirnmetastase(n) (HM),
hypoxischer Hirnschaden nach Reanimation (HHS), nichttraumatische SAB (SAB),
Demenz älterer Menschen (≥65 Jahre) (DEM)) untersucht.
Für die Analyse wurden sämtliche Todesbescheinigungen der Stadt
Münster des Jahres 2017 ausgewertet. Patienten wurde durch die
ärztliche Angabe zur Todesursache identifiziert.

Ergebnisse Es verstarben 3844 Personen, hiervon neurologische Patienten
mit folgenden Erkrankungsentitäten: ALS (6), BNG (29), HM (102), HHS
(54), SAB (20), DEM (485). Der Sterbeort war wie folgt verteilt: (ALS, BNG, HM,
HHS, SAB, DEM;%): Zuhause
50,0/10,3/13,7/1,9/0,0/12,0; Krankenhaus
33,3/48,3/38,2/90,7/100/23,1;
Intensivstation
0,0/6,9/5,9/61,1/65,0/2,7;
Palliativstation
33,3/0,0/6,9/0,0/0,0/1,4; Hospiz
16,7/27,6/43,1/0,0/0,0/1,2; Pflegeheim
0,0/13,8/4,9/7,4/0,0/63,7; sonstiger Ort
0,0/0,0/0,0/0,0/0,0/0,0.

Schlussfolgerung Der häufigste Sterbeort von neurologischen
Patienten mit ausgewählten Erkrankungsentitäten ist wie folgt:
ALS>Zuhause, bösartiger Gehirntumor>Krankenhaus,
Hirnmetastase(n)>Hospiz, hypoxischer Hirnschaden nach
Reanimation>Krankenhaus, nichttraumatische SAB>Krankenhaus,
Demenzpatienten (≥65 Jahre)>Pflegeheim.
Halluzinationen bei Patienten mit idiopathischem
Parkinson-Syndrom
Authors: Weiss Daniel , Höglinger Günter , Klostermann Fabian , Weise David , Zeuner Kirsten E. , Reichmann Heinz
Published: November 2021

Mehr als 20% der Patienten mit idiopathischem Parkinson-Syndrom (IPS)
entwickeln Psychosen. Am häufigsten sind visuelle Halluzinationen. Bei
der Entwicklung der Psychosen scheinen die Pathogenese der Parkinson-Erkrankung
sowie ihre Dauer ebenso eine Rolle zu spielen wie modulierende Effekte der
dopaminergen Therapie. Beim Therapiemanagement steht neben allgemeinen
Maßnahmen zunächst die Anpassung der dopaminergen Therapie im
Vordergrund. Dies kann zu einer Gratwanderung werden zwischen Besserung der
Halluzinationen und Verschlechterung der Motorik. Bei unzureichendem Erfolg kann
eine antipsychotische Therapie notwendig werden – dabei ist die Auswahl
auf sehr wenige Antipsychotika beschränkt, um nicht ernsthafte
motorische Verschlechterungen zu riskieren. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden
basierend auf dem aktuellen Stand der Literatur sowie empirischen
Experten-basierten Erfahrungen aus dem klinischen Alltag relevante Aspekte zu
Halluzinationen bei IPS-Patienten in der Praxis zusammengefasst und Empfehlungen
zum Therapiemanagement erarbeitet.
Erste Vergleichswerte und faktorielle Struktur des Fragebogens zur
Erfassung von seelischem Schmerz nach traumatischen Ereignissen
(FESSTE-30)
Authors: Flenreiss-Frankl Karin , Unterrainer Human-Friedrich , Fuchshuber Jürgen
Published: November 2021

Hintergrund Bei dem Fragebogen zur Erfassung von seelischem Schmerz nach
traumatischen Erfahrungen (FESSTE-30) handelt es sich um das erste
standardisierte deutschsprachige Messverfahren, zur Operationalisierung von
seelischem Schmerz nach traumatischen Erfahrungen. Vorrangiges Ziel der
vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Präsentation von ersten
geschlechtsspezifischen Vergleichswerten für die deutschsprachige
Allgemeinbevölkerung.

Material und Methoden Der FESSTE-30 umfasst insgesamt fünf Bereiche
(„Depression“, „Somatisierung“,
„Dissoziation“, „intrusive Erinnerungen“ und
„Angst“), welche aufsummiert die Gesamtskala „Seelischer
Schmerz“ ergeben. Zudem ermöglicht die dem FESSTE-30
angefügte Traumacheckliste eine strukturierte Erhebung des
Ausmaßes an traumatischen Erfahrungen. Das Verfahren wurde anhand einer
anfallenden Stichprobe der deutschsprachigen Allgemeinbevölkerung
(N=1448; 86,2% weiblich) einer Prüfung hinsichtlich
Reliabilität und Validität unterzogen.

Ergebnisse Die Reliabilitäten der Subskalen und der Gesamtskala
liegen in einem Bereich zwischen Cronbachs alpha=0,81–0,94. Die
innere Konsistenz der Skala „Ausmaß der traumatischen
Erfahrungen“ kann mit Cronbachs alpha=0,65 angegeben werden. In
einer konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalyse zeigt eine latente Bifaktorstruktur mit
einem Generalfaktor und fünf Residualfaktoren folgende Modellpassung:
RMSEA=0,05 (90% CI: 0,05, 0,06); TLI=0,93;
CFI=0,94; NFI=0,92;
χ²/df=4,94.

Diskussion Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass es sich beim FESSTE um
ein reliables und valides Selbsteinschätzungsverfahren zur Erfassung von
seelischem Schmerz handelt, das zum Einsatz in der Forschung, Behandlung und in
der gutachterlichen Praxis geeignet ist. Die vorläufigen Vergleichswerte
können als Richtschnur für die Einschätzung von
Einzelfällen genutzt werden. Weitere Untersuchungen anhand klinischer
Stichproben sind vorgesehen.
Factors Associated with Speech-Recognition Performance in School-Aged Children with Cochlear Implants and Early Auditory-Verbal Intervention
Authors: Wolfe Jace , Deroche Mickael , Neumann Sara , Hanna Lindsay , Towler Will , Wilson Caleb , Bien Alexander G. , Miller Sharon , Schafer Erin C. , Gracco Vincent
Published: November 2021

Abstract Background Considerable variability exists in the speech recognition abilities achieved by children with cochlear implants (CIs) due to varying demographic and performance variables including language abilities. Purpose This article examines
the factors associated with speech recognition performance of school-aged children with CIs who were grouped by language ability. Research Design This is a single-center cross-sectional study with repeated measures for subjects across two language groups. Study Sample Participants
included two groups of school-aged children, ages 7 to 17 years, who received unilateral or bilateral CIs by 4 years of age. The High Language group (N = 26) had age-appropriate spoken-language abilities, and the Low Language group (N = 24)
had delays in their spoken-language abilities. Data Collection and Analysis Group comparisons were conducted to examine the impact of demographic characteristics on word recognition in quiet and sentence recognition in quiet and noise. Results Speech recognition
in quiet and noise was significantly poorer in the Low Language compared with the High Language group. Greater hours of implant use and better adherence to auditory-verbal (AV) therapy appointments were associated with higher speech recognition in quiet and noise. Conclusion To
ensure maximal speech recognition in children with low-language outcomes, professionals should develop strategies to ensure that families support full-time CI use and have the means to consistently attend AV appointments.
Evaluation of Postinfection Hearing with Audiological Tests in Patients with COVID-19: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Koparal Mehtap , Yılmazer Cuneyt
Published: November 2021

Abstract Background Some viral infections can cause congenital or acquired unilateral or bilateral hearing loss. It is predicted that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus, which can affect many systems in the body, may also have a negative effect on
hearing. Purpose This study evaluated the effects of COVID-19 infection on pure-tone average. Research Design A case‐control study. Materials and Methods A total of 104 volunteers (48 control, 56 experimental group) who applied to the
ENT clinic of Adıyaman University Training and Research Hospital were included in this study. After the detailed clinical examination and medical history, 13 volunteers of the experimental group and 5 volunteers from the control group were excluded from the study. In this way, each
group consisted of 43 volunteers. While the experimental group consisted of patients who did not have any hearing problems before but had COVID-19. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers who did not have any hearing problems and were not infected with COVİD-19. Audiological
test was applied to all volunteers to determine their pure-tone average. On the data obtained, it was analyzed whether COVID-19 affects the pure-tone average and how it changes according to variables such as age and gender. Results The evaluation of the 43 (50.0%) COVID-19-positive
patients and 43 (50.0%) healthy controls showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) at 250 and 500 Hz, whereas at 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz, the two groups differed significantly. In addition, significant differences were found in the left and right ears
at 1000 and 2000 Hz (p < 0.05). The differences between the two groups in the pure-tone average of the left and right ear were statistically significant (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant sex-based differences in the pure-tone
average between males and females (p > 0.05) Conclusion The pure-tone average of COVID-19 positive patients was significantly worse than those of the healthy control group. Thus, COVID-19 should also be considered in patients presenting with unexplained
hearing loss. Further studies should investigate the effects of COVID-19 on hearing and the underlying pathophysiology.
Measuring Satisfaction in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Ambulatory Care: A Validation Study
Authors: Wadasadawala Tabassum , Mangaj Akshay , Mokal Smruti , Pathak Rima , Sarin Rajiv , Gaikar Mithila , Nair Nita , Bajpai Jyoti , Joshi Shalaka , Gulia Seema
Published: November 2021

Introduction Patient satisfaction constitutes a vital service quality indicator. It provides a measure of the gap in health-care requirements and patients' expectations.

Objective The aim of this study was to perform linguistic validation of the questionnaire assessing satisfaction with outpatient care.

Materials and Methods A tool for measuring patient satisfaction was developed and validated at our institute in the English language. This tool was translated into Hindi and Marathi. Subsequently, 339 patients diagnosed with breast cancer consulting in the outpatient department from the different parts of India and having diverse linguistic and socioeconomic backgrounds were enrolled. Patients were asked to complete the satisfaction tool after consultation at a single point of time in a prospective manner.

Results All patients completed the questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled by 120, 116, and 103 patients in Hindi, Marathi, and English, respectively. Both convergent validity and discriminant validity were supported as the correlation coefficient was >0.4 for all items within a scale and <0.7 between different scales. Factor analysis was valid for all except for open-end questions. The internal consistency was >0.9 for all the questions. The mean overall satisfaction score was 88.35 (standard deviation: 19.63). Patients were satisfied in all the aspects of the consultation process, including appointment scheduling, assistant medical staff and faculty, and treating physician. However, some expressed dissatisfaction toward long-waiting times.

Conclusion The translated tool is reliable and valid and effectively measures the satisfaction of patients receiving ambulatory care.
Technical and Medium-Term Clinical Outcomes of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt with Fluoroscopy and Additional Trans-abdominal Ultrasound Guidance
Authors: Keshava Shyamkumar N. , Moses Vinu , Sharma Anand , Ahmed Munawwar , Narayanan Sathya , Padmanabhan Aswin , Goel Ashish , Zachariah Uday , Eapen C.E.
Published: November 2021

Background and Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the technical and clinical outcomes of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) performed with additional transabdominal ultrasound guidance.

Material and Methods Patients who underwent TIPS between January 2004 to January 2020 in our center were studied. Technical, hemodynamic, angiographic, and clinical outcome were recorded up to 1 year of follow-up.

Results TIPS was attempted in 162 patients (median [range] age 37[3–69] years; 105 were males and 57 were females; Etiology: Budd-Chiari syndrome [BCS] 91, cirrhosis 65, symptomatic acute portal venous thrombosis [PVT] 3, veno-occlusive disease [VOD] 2, congenital portosystemic shunt [CPSS] 1) during the study period. Indication for TIPS was refractory ascites in 135 patients (BCS 86, cirrhosis 49) and variceal bleed in 21 patients (BCS 5, cirrhosis 16). Technical success was seen in 161 of the 162 (99.4%) patients. The tract was created from hepatic vein in 55 patients and inferior vena cava (IVC) in 106 patients. Complications within 1 week post TIPS were seen in 29 of the 162 (18%) patients, of whom one developed unexplained arrhythmia and hypotension and died. Of the patients with available follow-up, clinical success was noted in 120 (81%), while 14 (9%) patients had partial nonresponse and six (4%) had complete nonresponse. Eight (5%) patients died during the follow-up period.

Conclusion The technical success of TIPS creation with additional transabdominal ultrasound guidance is very high with low peri-procedural complication rate. It has enabled the inclusion of a wider spectrum of cases like acute PVT and obliterated hepatic veins which were otherwise considered contraindications.
Clinical Presentation, Imaging, and Management of Segmental Arterial Mediolysis: A Rare Vascular Disorder
Authors: Alavandar Ezhilmathi , Umapathy Shobana , Poyyamoli Santhosh , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew
Published: November 2021

Objectives Our objective was to analyze the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and the management of segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) in different case scenarios within our medical institution.

Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 13 cases of SAM in our institution from July 2017 to March 2020. The images from the cases were collected from picture archiving and communication system (PACS) along with other pertinent clinical information from the hospital's information system. All the patients we studied underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) using a third-generation Siemens SOMATOM Force dual-source CT scanner. Once the dual-phase scanning was completed, the images were analyzed using the workstation's syngo.via software.

Results Three out of the 13 cases required stent-grafting of the renal/celiac artery, and the involved branch of the superior mesenteric artery was embolized in one case. The rest of the cases were managed conservatively with antiplatelets/anticoagulants. Subsequent follow-ups of the patients were conducted and showed stabilization/regression of the initial findings without finding any evidence of worsening.

Conclusion SAM should be considered when making a differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain when associated with dissection or aneurysms in splanchnic arteries, and in cases of unexplained intra-abdominal hemorrhaging. The radiologist needs to be aware of this possibility to raise suspicion, alert the clinician, and guide appropriate management.
Dual Aneurysm Formation in an Occupationally Predisposed Male: Atypical Hypothenar Hammer Syndrome
Authors: Patil Aruna Raman , Narasimhan Sunder
Published: November 2021

Hypothenar hammer syndrome is typically described as a chronic repetitive injury to the ulnar artery at the level of hamulus of hamate and shows certain occupational predilection. Our case is an occupationally predisposed patient who had two aneurysm formations from the superficial palmar branch of ulnar artery and the digital branch, respectively, diagnosed and treated surgically. We call it an atypical hypothenar hammer syndrome as the arterial involvement was not typically at the level of hamate bone and only corresponded to the site of recurrent friction. This article also discusses the role of imaging and treatment options.
Magnetic and lattice excitations in the quasi-2D quantum spin compound (CuCl)LaNb2O7
Authors: Gnezdilov Vladimir , Lemmens Peter , Wulferding Dirk , Kitada Atsushi , Kageyama Hiroshi
Published: November 2021

Raman scattering phonon data of the quasi-two-dimensional quantum spin system (CuCl)LaNb2O7 are used to derive an effective structural model that may serve as a basis for its unconventional magnetic properties. Furthermore, a rich spectrum of magnetic excitations is observed, including quasielastic energy density fluctuations and finite energy bound states. These modes are the key to understand (CuCl)LaNb2O7 as a system with strong interactions between well-localized triplet excitations based on a pronounced competition of magnetic exchange.
Electric field- and strain-induced quantum phase transitions in a spin chain
Authors: Zvyagin A. A.
Published: November 2021

The effect of the external electric field and/or the external strain on the low-temperature behavior of the quantum spin chain model is studied. The external electric field or the strain can cause the quantum magnetic structural phase transition between two magnetically ordered phases with different order parameters. Such a quantum critical point can be observed in the special behavior of the low-temperature specific heat: At the critical value the low-temperature specific heat manifests linear in temperature behavior instead of the exponentially small one for other values of the field. The magnetic susceptibility also manifests the special behavior, in which quantum phase transitions are revealed.
Optical spectroscopy study of KDy(WO4)2: Crystal-field levels of Dy3+ and the Jahn–Teller transition
Authors: Klimin S. A. , Peschanskii A. V.
Published: November 2021

Transmission spectra of a double potassium-dysprosium tungstate KDy(WO4)2 single crystal in the region of intermultiplet transitions of the Dy3+ ion and the Raman spectra of light scattering on the electronic levels of the 6H15/2 ground multiplet of Dy3+ are studied in a wide temperature range. The energy scheme for the crystal-field (CF) levels of Dy3+ in KDy(WO4)2 is created. The phase transition at the temperature 6.3 K is accompanied by the lowering of the energy of the ground Dy3+ CF state, which is evidenced by both the transmission and Raman spectroscopies. Splitting of the low-lying (∼13 cm–1) first excited CF level of the Dy3+ ion indicates the simultaneous structural phase transition. The role of Davydov interaction is discussed.
Transient thermographic studies of resistive system protection load for wind turbines
Authors: De Manabendra M. , Seenappa G. P. , Majhi Samay B.
Published: November 2021

The present paper reports findings of the transient thermography studies of three-phase resistive system protection load (RSPL) or diversion dump load used for safeguarding the wind turbines during extreme wind conditions. RSPLs with coil-type and plate-type resistive elements made of Nichrome 80 and SS 304, respectively, were studied. The first set of studies was conducted on the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) test bench with 24 and 48 V PMSGs as power sources. The second set of studies was conducted on the auto-transformer-based test setup. For both the studies, surface temperature distributions over the resistive elements of the RSPLs were captured under the different test conditions using transient thermography and compared. Quantitative comparison of the variation in maximum temperature of RSPL heating elements and PMSG's rotational speed for a given power rating for both the RSPLs was carried out. Thermographs revealed the presence of localized hotspots in RSPLs with Nichrome 80 based coil-type heating elements. Similar localized hotspots were absent in RSPLs with SS 304 based plate-type heating elements. Maximum surface temperatures of RSPLs with coil-type resistive elements were found to be about 8.25% higher than the other RSPL. Based on these observations, it was inferred that as against the conventional approach of using RSPLs with a coil-type heating element made of Nichrome 80, RSPLs with a plate-type heating element made of SS 304 offered better safety for the wind turbines.
Breakup length determination of continuous ink jets: Application to a shear-thinning industrial fluid
Authors: Maîtrejean Guillaume , Roux Denis C. D. , Xing Jean , Rosello Maxime , Jay Pascal , Barbet Bruno
Published: November 2021

The theory of the so-called Rayleigh–Plateau instability of fluid jets has been widely studied and can be used to predict the breakup length of liquid jets. Recently, in the work of Rosello et al. [J. Fluids Eng. 140(3), 031202 (2018)], the linear theory was enhanced to accurately predict the breakup length of continuous ink jets of Newtonian fluids by accounting for the influence of the nozzle geometry. In the present work, the influence of a shear-thinning behavior is addressed for both the breakup morphologies and breakup lengths in a linear regime. A comparison with the experimental data shows an excellent agreement extending the model of Rosello et al. to a non-Newtonian shear-thinning fluid.
Analysis of wind farm participation in frequency regulation considering multi-market interests
Authors: Yang XiYun , Fan Liwei , Gao Xiaxiang , Liu Han
Published: November 2021

For wind farms to participate in the combined energy-frequency regulation (E-FR) market, wind farms are considered as a combination of both power generation and frequency regulation capability, and wind farms bid in both the energy market and the FR market. In this paper, the impact of different bidding decisions on the distribution of wind farm revenues is analyzed in a process where the interest of two markets is played against each other. A wind power probability density prediction model of kernel extreme learning machine (KELM)-particle swarm optimization (PSO)-adaptive diffusion kernel density estimation (AKDE) is established using an improved extreme learning machine (KELM) with good fitting ability and the AKDE method, wind farm bidding is carried out on the premise of wind power probability prediction, which is optimally solved by the multi-objective quantum genetic algorithm, and the optimization results are filtered using entropy-fuzzy C-means clustering. Based on the actual wind farm operation data for simulation analysis, the model analyzes the benefits of wind farm participation in the joint market from different preference perspectives, which is a reference for wind farm participation in bidding decisions.