bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROCEDURE OF MULTI SLICE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (MSCT) THORAX EXAMINATION USING POSITIVE CONTRAST MEDIA WITH BREAST CANCER CASE
Authors: Janita Limbong Rosari , Masrochah Siti , Sulaksono Nanang
Published: February 2022

Background: The protocol for MSCT Thorax examination is axial/coronal/sagittal. The slice thickness parameter has an important role in examining MSCT Thorax in breast cancer cases using contrast media. The thinner the slice thickness, the better the detailed image obtained. The aim of this study is to explain the MSCT Thorax examination procedure in breast cancer cases using positive contrast media, the role of slice thickness in diagnosis and to find out diagnostic information on the MSCT Thorax examination in cancer cases breast.

Methods: This type of research is qualitative with a literature study approach. The data were obtained by identifying the problem then looking for keywords, namely MSCT Thorax, Slice thickness, breast cancer. Literature reviews are carried out through journal search engine searches, such as: Google Scholar, American Journal Rontgenology (AJR), Pubmed, Proquest. The collected journals are reduced based on inclusion criteria so that 3 relevant journals are obtained then analyzed descriptively so that they can answer the objectives to be drawn conclusions.

Results: The results of a literature study show that the MSCT Thorax examination procedure in cases of breast cancer using contrast media is fasting 6 hours before the examination, laboratory checks (urea cratinin within normal limits), releasing all metals in the body, CT scan plane, fixation tools, blankets. , contrast media, injector set.

Conclusion: Contrast media dosage 1-2 ml / kg body weight, flow rate 2-4 ml / s, concentration 300-350 mgl / ml, patient position supine feet first, upper limit of lung Apex and lower limit of diaphragm (depending on needs), axial cut, coronal, sagittal, the parameters used were kV, mAs, slice thickness, matrix, WW, WL. A thin slice thickness will provide more accurate diagnostic information and a clear picture of metastases and small lesions can be seen.
PERAN RADIOGRAFER DALAM PEMERIKSAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI (USG)
Authors: Akhmadi  , Nia Pratiwi Rahayu , Rusita Diah , Nurhasuna
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

 

Background: USG is one of the many areas of specialization for radiographers in Indonesia to develop their professional careers. Many countries in the world have implemented an ultrasound education system as an alternative field in the career development of health workers, in order to support the improvement of health facility services for the community. Especially in the Southeast Asia region, there has been special ultrasound education, namely in Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. In Indonesia, the USG education program has been specifically included in the radiographer education curriculum system, so that ultrasound is one part of the competence possessed by radiographers.Methods: This study uses a library research method or literature review, and a qualitative descriptive approach, through interviews, regarding the role of the radiographer in USGResults: Of the 3 (three) journals, literature reviews were conducted, sourced from Europe, especially England, and interviews were conducted with the researchers, then continued with 1 (one) interview from the United States sonographer, and 1 (one) interview from the Australian Sonologist. All of them explain the active role of the radiographer on ultrasound.Conclusions: Radiographers can play an active role in ultrasound services, especially in the field of ultrasound examination techniques, which will then produce a report in the form of an ultrasound image, and the results of an interim report, which will then be concluded by the doctor, in this particular case by the Radiology Specialist
ANALISIS VARIASI WINDOW WIDTH TERHADAP INFORMASI CITRA ANATOMI MSCT STONOGRAFI
Authors: Izzudin Muhammad , Sukmaningtyas Hermina , Sulaksono Nanang
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background : Multi Slice Computed Tomography is a diagnostic imaging method that can display cross section anatomy in the axial, sagital, and coronal areas. MSCT Stonography imaging both visualizes the anatomy of the urinary tract and stone pathology supported by the presence of ureter tracking techniques and without using contrast media. On this method, the appropriate window width will produce an optimal anatomical picture. The Study aims to determine the effect of window width on anatomical image information on MSCT Stonography.

Methods : Type of research is quantitative experimental approach, conducted in January-February 2020 in Hasan Sadikin Bandung hospital, Bandung. Research with variations  in window width 300 HU, 350 HU, 400 HU, 450 HU, and 500 HU on MSCT stonography og 10 patients. Criteria’s patients is patients with clinical kidney stones, willing to be a research sample. Result imagery rated two respondents, include parenchymal kidney, pelvic calices kidney, ureters, vesica urinary, and stones kidney. Then do Kappa test continued testing Friedman to know the highest mean rank and the influence og the window width oh the image og MSCT stonography.

Results : Based on the result of the Friedman statistical test overall anatomy obtained significance value (p-value) = 0.000 < 0.05 means that there is an influence of window width value, the contrast resolution will increase and the better the firm boundary, but the resulting image will be more radioluscent. Based on Friedman’s mean rank test result obtained the highest mean rank of 3,54 in a variation of window width 300. The most optical window displays anatomy information using window width 300.

Conclussion : There are difference in anatomical image information of MSCT stonography among 5 variation window width on examination MSCT stonography. Window width 300 HU is better at anatomy information on MSCT stonography to show better contrast, crisp sharpness, no blur image.
Resiliencia comunitaria y sentido de comunidad durante la respuesta y recuperación al terremoto-tsunami del año 2010, Talcahuano-Chile
Authors: Torres Méndez Mauricio , Cid Aguayo Beatriz , Bull María Teresa , Moreno Jenny , Lara Alejandro , Gonzalez Aburto Carlos , Henríquez Arriagada Bárbara
Published: February 2022

La investigación, tiene entre sus objetivos, describir cómo se expresan las capacidades de afrontamiento de la resiliencia comunitaria en relación al sentido de comunidad en trece familias de la comuna de Talcahuano-Chile, durante el periodo de respuesta y recuperación al desastre del terremoto y tsunami del año 2010. Se optó por un diseño exploratorio cualitativo de carácter transversal bajo una lógica de observación ex-post. A los casos de estudio se les aplica una entrevista semi-estructurada, cuyos discursos son examinados utilizando el Análisis Estructural de Contenido y el Modelo Actancial de la Semántica Estructural. Se concluye que la resiliencia comunitaria es un proceso que emerge en vinculación con el sentido de comunidad, expresado en el compromiso por el bienestar de la comunidad del lugar y en la participación comunitaria en acciones colectivas. Estas son condicionantes sociales que facilitan o limitan la adaptación organizativa de la comunidad y el surgimiento de comportamientos colaborativos, en función de resolver los problemas con mayor rapidez y con el mejor desempeño en el uso de los recursos del territorio.
Transmisión de conocimiento ancestral lavkenche sobre terremotos y tsunamis y su implicancia en la reducción del riesgo de desastres
Authors: Cadierno Gutiérrez Jon
Published: February 2022

La transmisión de conocimiento ancestral dentro de la comunidad indígena mapuche-lavkenche es una práctica cultural relevante por sus implicaciones en la reducción del riesgo de tsunamis. A través de la realización de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y de la posterior aplicación de la Teoría Fundamentada con ayuda de la herramienta Atlas.ti, se ha podido constatar que la transmisión de dicho conocimiento a través de historias y de experiencias directas ocurre en el seno de las familias, las comunidades y los colegios, lo que supone una vía efectiva de comunicación del riesgo y la más relevante fuente de educación sobre el riesgo. Sumadas a la transversalidad del conocimiento, la percepción del riesgo y la fuerte cohesión social, todas ellas son características propias de una sociedad resiliente de respuesta rápida ante la emergencia y de constante aprendizaje.
Implicaciones para la gestión de emergencias basadas en la ocurrencia de desastres en centros turísticos de México entre el 2000 y 2018
Authors: Juárez Villanueva Felipe de Jesús
Published: February 2022

Los desastres son un conjunto de elementos integrados por riesgos, amenazas, vulnerabilidades, resiliencia y grados de exposición. Aunque existen fondos catastróficos para su atención, no siempre pueden dar cobertura a los eventos registrados. Con datos oficiales del periodo de enero de 2000 a junio de 2018, el presente artículo hace referencia a la ocurrencia de desastres geológicos e hidrometeorológicos a nivel municipal, donde se localizan diversos centros turísticos en México. Con base en lo anterior, los objetivos del trabajo son: caracterizar la ocurrencia de desastres en centros turísticos en México; e, identificar las implicaciones del manejo de emergencias y desastres según señala la Ley General de Protección Civil. Además, el texto comparte reflexiones basadas en experiencias personales obtenidas en el manejo de emergencias y desastres, enfocadas en la toma decisiones, y la incorporación de medidas de prevención para disminuir principalmente la vulnerabilidad organizacional y la resiliencia empresarial de una agencia de viajes.
El Ciclón que Nadie Vio: Riesgos que Potenciaron un Desastre en el Noroeste de México
Authors: Mancera González Omar
Published: February 2022

El calentamiento del Golfo de California generó el primer fenómeno hidrometeorológico en una región donde nunca se había producido un ciclón tropical. La Depresión Tropical 19-E afectó a los estados de Sinaloa, Sonora y Baja California Sur en septiembre de 2018. La temperatura del agua aumentó dos grados generando una tormenta que se desarrolló rápido e impidió la emisión de alertas tempranas. Para determinar los daños sociales y materiales se realizó una investigación etnográfica a partir de las horas posteriores al impacto del ciclón en la ciudad de Culiacán (Sinaloa), y continúo durante varios meses. Los resultados muestran cómo se desenvuelven los sujetos gubernamentales y sociales ante ciclones no esperados o anunciados, donde el desastre y el post-desastre acentuaron la vulnerabilidad de las personas debido a la suma de riesgos añejos con los nuevos. El artículo inicia con una descripción general del noroeste de México hasta llegar al caso de estudio, en un recorrido que muestra el desarrollo del desastre en tiempo real y las consecuencias estructurales de un fenómeno meteorológico que amenaza con repetirse debido al calentamiento global.
Dignificando la Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres: liderazgos femeninos y estrategias comunitarias en el Campamento Dignidad, Santiago de Chile
Authors: Acuña Valentina , Valdivieso Sofía , Juzam Leila
Published: February 2022

Recientemente, se ha problematizado cómo la Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres, o GRD, conceptualiza la resiliencia y los desastres en asentamiento informales. Mediante un estudio de caso cualitativo y una aproximación que problematiza la escala local, mostramos qué es considerado amenaza por la comunidad y de qué manera se gestiona. De esta manera evidenciamos que las comunidades se enfrentan a múltiples amenazas -pandemia, riesgo de aluvión, inseguridad alimentaria, escasez hídrica, inundaciones e incendios- que son gestionadas partir de estrategias que descansan en la organización comunitaria y redes de solidaridad externas e internas al territorio bajo liderazgos femeninos, colaboración equitativa, apoyo voluntario, identificación política y transmisión de conocimientos locales. Nuestros resultados sugieren dos grandes consideraciones a la GRD en asentamientos informales. Primero, que el concepto de resiliencia en tanto adaptación, debe expandirse a partir de voces subalternas y la noción de dignidad como categoría moral para la transformación, dejando de lado ideas de estabilidad y despolitización. Y segundo, que esta debe estimular políticas de desarrollo que se hagan cargo del problema habitacional y desigualdades de género, problematizando las formas particulares de relación y organización, y por ende, las categorías tradicionales de hogar.
Development and Validation of Emotional Learning in Online Classroom Environment Survey
Authors: Sulaeman Erwin
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to produce an Indonesian version of the emotional learning online classroom environment survey instrument with a response category scale. Instruments from a modified Learning Environment Research Questionnaire on Classroom Emotional Climate. This research is a survey on 1494 responses of 7th grade and 8th grade junior high school students in four regions of DKI Jakarta Province. The sample was selected by simple random sampling and based on the considerations of schools implementing the 2013 curriculum. The modified instrument consisted of 43 items to be tested in obtaining validity based on the estimated difficulty of the items and the psychometric criteria with Rasch modeling. The results of this study indicate that the Andrich threshold test fulfills the monotonic nature and unconsciously the students' responses form an emotional culture that prioritizes self-awareness in online learning. Therefore, for the psychological scale compilers are expected to compile statement items that are easy to understand and build good interactions with respondent, so that the respondent feels not intervened. This trend may even increase when sensitive issues of concern statement appear in the instrument items. Characteristics of psychologically motivated instruments, written in the statement items intervene on sensitive issues in the learning environment.
STRUCTURAL ASPECT OF WORD-FORMATION MARKINGS (DERIVED WORDS AND WORD-FORMATION METHODS)
Authors: Zhanabekova A. A. , Pirmanova K. K.
Published: February 2022

In the national corpus of the Kazakh language, word-formation markings are among the linguistic markings with their own structure, as well as other morphological, lexical and semantic markings. Therefore, when preparing the development of wordformation markings, it is necessary to consider the phenomena characteristic of wordformation markings. In this article, we will focus on the history of word formation proving that word formation is one of the areas of linguistics.

This article provides information about derived words and ways of word formation as a structural aspect of word-formation markup.
FEATURES OF THE ORTHOEPIC DICTIONARY IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE BASED ON THE LATIN ALPHABET
Authors: Amanbayeva A. Zh.
Published: February 2022

The problem of transition of the Kazakh writing system to the Latin script is very important in modern linguistics. In this regard, there is a need to issue dictionaries in Latin script. Currently, the work “Development of a parallel orthoepic dictionary in Cyrillic and Latin graphics» is being carried out. The article deals with the features of the orthoepic dictionary in the Kazakh language based on the Latin alphabet
COMPATABILITY OF LANGUAGE UNITS IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE AND THEIR СAPABILITIES
Authors: Amirbekova A.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the concept of valency as a phenomenon lying at the confluence of syntax and lexical semantics. The paper also represents types of valency, directions in which the theory of valency is considered. Valency in the broad sense of the word refers to the capacity of a language unit to enter into communication with other units of a particular order. Objectivity and scientific and practical significance of the theory of valency is determined by the lexical-semantic potential of the word. Semantic valency is based on the logical semes of the word semantics. These semes are consistent with the logical semes of other word meanings, as a result, the given word demonstrates the combining capability with another word. This is considered to be its semantic valency. We have attempted to identify and investigate a peculiar kind of valency in the Kazakh language. We use the concepts of valency and compatibility as synonyms, but in a number of works they are distinguished. Thus, compatibility is regarded as a realized valency, and valency as a potential compatibility of the same language level elements. Сombinability refers to peculiarity of a word to realize in speech its syntagmatic relations in the form of a phrase
FORMS OF ETIQUETTE IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE AND THE NATURE OF THEIR TRANSLATION INTO ENGLISH
Authors: Skakova G. K.
Published: February 2022

The article deals with the etiquette forms of the Kazakh and English languages. The article analyzes the translation of etiquette forms from one language to another, considers the importance of etiquette in professional activity as a means of communication between people. Methods of language translation are presented.
THE SIMILARITY OF PROVERBS ABOUT ANIMALS OF THE TURKIC LANGUAGE OF THE KARAKHANID ERA AND IN THE MODERN KAZAKH LANGUAGE
Authors: Zhumabekuly K.
Published: February 2022

The article reveals that there are 23 proverbs and sayings with the names of animals that are similar in structure, similar in meaning, and 9 proverbs in which there are names of animals that semantically resemble each other with a shift of some words in the composition. At the same time, 33 names of animals have been identified, which, despite the fact that their phonetic form in the modern Kazakh language has undergone minor changes, are now completely preserved; 11 names of animals that are identical in meaning, whose phonetic form in the Kazakh language has completely changed; 2 names of animals that have not survived from the Middle Turkic period to the present day. which have fallen out of use.
ABOUT RELATED NAMES IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE AND RELATED NAMES IN THE JAPANESE LANGUAGE
Authors: Makan M.
Published: February 2022

Although there has been a lot of research on related names in Kazakh and Japanese, there are very few papers that have investigated the specifics of related names in both languages. In this work, we identify the similarities and characteristic features of the national traditions, customs, language and culture of the two peoples, comparing separately the research works on related names in the Kazakh and Japanese languages.
Perceived Academic Social Influence from Parents, Peers, and Teachers Across Gender Groups: Scale Development
Authors: Walker Soung Hwa , Walker Deron
Published: February 2022

This research examines psychometric properties of the 10-item Perceived Academic Social Influence Scale (PASIS) across gender groups with samples from Finland and Taiwan (Total N = 4727, 50.2% female adolescents). Results of composite scores, factor loadings, item-total correlations, and values of square root of Average Variance Extracted (AVE) confirmed strong reliability and validity of the scale. A Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) revealed that measurement was equivalent at the level of scalar invariance across gender groups. Among three subcomponents of PASIS, latent mean score of teacher factor turned out to be higher than peer and parent factors regarding math achievement for female and male adolescents from both countries. Findings indicate that the PASIS is a reliable and valid measure to assess the perceptions of academic social influence for math learning, which can be utilized in different cultural contexts.
The impact of COVID-19 on the male genital tract: A qualitative literature review of sexual transmission and fertility implications
Authors: Verrienti Pierangelo , Cito Gianmartin , Maida Fabrizio Di , Tellini Riccardo , Cocci Andrea , Minervini Andrea , Natali Alessandro
Published: February 2022

The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) appears to be widely expressed in cells in the testes, predominantly in spermatogonia, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells, and its co-expression with transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is essential for the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). For this reason, the male reproductive system could be considered a potential target for SARS-CoV-2, as well as a possible reservoir of infection. However, to date, there is very little evidence about the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen and testicular samples. The aim of this paper was to review the current evidence regarding the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on male fertility and sexual health, with a particular focus on reproductive hormones, the presence of the virus in seminal fluid and testis, and its impact on fertility parameters. We found very limited evidence reporting the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in semen and testicular samples, and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on reproductive hormones and fertility parameters is unclear. The quality of the examined studies was poor due to the small sample size and several selection biases, precluding definitive conclusions. Hence, future well-designed prospective studies are needed to assess the real impact of SARS-CoV-2 on male reproductive function.
Keyword
Authors: Lardera Marco , Hjorland Birger
Published: February 2022

This article discusses the different meanings of ‘keyword’ and related terms such as ‘keyphrase', ‘descriptor’, ‘index term’, ‘subject heading’, ‘tag’ and ‘n-gram’ and suggests definitions of each of these terms. It further illustrates a classification of keywords, based on how they are produced or who is the actor generating them and present comparison between author-assigned keywords, indexer-assigned keywords and reader-assigned keywords as well as the automatic generation of keywords. The article also considers the functions of keywords including the use of keywords for generating bibliographic indexes. The theoretical view informing the article is that the assignment of a keyword to a text, picture or other document involves an interpretation of the document and an evaluation of the document’s potentials for users. This perspective is important for both manually assigned keywords and for automated generation and is opposed to a strong tendency to consider a set of keywords as ideally presenting one best representation of a document for all requests.
Organisation, fonctionnement et compétence du Tribunal de commerce
Authors: Maku Elie Katenga
Published: February 2022

La présente étude est consacrée à l’« organisation, fonctionnement et compétence du Tribunal de commerce ». Son contenu s’articule autour de l’analyse de la législation qui régit le Tribunal de commerce en République Démocratique du Congo. De cette réflexion, il s’est avérée que la loi du 03 juillet 2001 prévoit un régime juridique applicable à la juridiction précitée. La spécialité des règles qui régissent le Tribunal de commerce distingue cette instance juridictionnelle des Tribunaux de Paix et des Tribunaux de Grande Instance dans plusieurs matières, entre autres, la présence des juges consulaires dans la composition des chambres alors qu’ils ne sont pas magistrats. Vingt ans après son application en République Démocratique du Congo, la réalité est que le texte législatif en examen est imprécis et obsolète. L’imprécision réside dans le fait que le législateur prévoit des règles organiques, procédurales et de compétences qui sont identiques tant dans un contentieux pénal que dans un litige civil. L’obsoléité est manifestement palpable d’abord dans le silence du législateur sur plusieurs questions de droit que la législation supranationale renvoie au droit national, en suite dans le contenu de certains articles. Fort de ce constat, il est crucial de procéder à une réforme profonde de la loi du 03 juillet 2001 portant création, organisation et fonctionnement des Tribunaux de commerce afin de rendre précises ses règles organiques, procédurales et de compétences selon que nous sommes en matière pénale ou en matière civile. En outre, la réforme visera aussi à adapter le contenu de la loi précitée au cadre juridique actuel fortement influencé par le droit communautaire.
Le contrôle juridictionnel de la rupture du contrat de travail pour faute lourde en RD Congo
Authors: Mbenga Joseph Kaciunga
Published: February 2022

Cette étude aborde une question socio-professionnelle, la faute lourde, laquelle est définit aux termes de l’article 72de la loi n°015-2002 portant code du travail telle que modifiée et complétée par la loi n°16/010 du 15 juillet 2016, en ces termes : une partie est réputée avoir commis une faute lourde lorsque les règles de la bonne foi ne permettent pas d’exiger de l’autre qu’elle contenue à exécuter le contrat. Nous avons constaté que cette faute peut être commise par chacune des parties au contrat et que, la partie lésée a à même temps le droit de mettre immédiatement fin aux relations contractuelles sans préaviser la partie présumée coupable. Constatant qu’il existe une déséquilibre entre l’employeur et le travailleur dans la détermination de la faute lourde, et surtout que cette faute est devenue une arme fatale entre les mains des chefs d’entreprise;la République Démocratique du Congo a confié l’appréciation de la faute lourde sur base de la loin°016/2002 du 16 octobre 2002 portant création, organisation et fonctionnement des tribunaux du travail aux juges. Cet article démontre qu’il y a une impérieuse nécessité de réviser l’article 72 de la loi n°015-2002 portant code du travail telle que modifiée et complétée par la loi n°16/010 du 15 juillet 2016,puisqu’il laissé le constat de la faute lourde au bon vouloir des contractants, faisant ainsi d’eux juges et parties. Comme le juge dans bien des cas se limite souvent à la version des faits lui présentée par les parties sans toutefois ordonner des mesures d’enquête sur ledit motif;nous avons, pour pallier aux abus dans la rupture du contrat pour faute lourde, suggérer que l’article 187 de la loi n°015-2002 portant code du travail telle que modifiée et complétée par la loi n°16/010 du 15 juillet 2016 soit révisé. Que l’on rende obligatoire l’enquête préalable de l’Inspecteur du travail avant la prise de toute décision par l’une des parties; sans omettre la prorogation de délai d’enquête de quinze à trente jours. Ces gardes fous permettront de sécuriser l’emploi qui est devenu denrée rare en R D Congo tout en évitant les abus dans le chef de la partie économiquement forte.
(Ir)responsabilité des entreprises multinationales pour crimes internationaux : cas du crime de pillage en droit pénal congolais
Authors: Kumeso Jenny Betu
Published: February 2022

Le crime international de pillage, et notamment de ressources naturelles, représente l’un des enjeux majeurs des conflits en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC). Parmi les acteurs de premier plan impliqués dans cette forfaiture se trouvent les entreprises étrangères, surtout du secteur extractif. Ces entreprises contribuent directement ou indirectement non seulement aux conflits armés, mais aussi aux crimes qui sont commis dans ce contexte. Le pillage, en tant que crime de guerre, a beaucoup d’incidences sur les violations des autres droits de l’homme et les gains générés contribuent au financement et à la pérennisation des conflits. La présente réflexion analyse non seulement les formes de participation à ce crime de pillage par ces entreprises, elle souligne, surtout, les déficiences de la règlementation congolaise à cet égard. Aussi, suggère-t-elle l’exploration de nouvelles options inspirées du droit comparé et régional pour rendre la justice effective.
L’agence national pour la promotion des investissements et la promotion de l’Etat de droit : cadre juridique et défis actuels
Authors: Kassilam William Katembo
Published: February 2022

Cet article est focalisé sur les défis du secteur des investissements au regard des mécanismes juridiques pour la promotion des investissements en RDC. L’étude présente l’organisation, le fonctionnement et les missions de l’ANAPI qu’est une institution nationale pour appuyer le gouvernement en ce qui concerne la promotion des investissements. Cette institution est créée et organisée par la Loi n° 004/2002du 21 février 02 portant code des investissements en République Démocratique du Congo qui détermine les modalités de fonctionnement de l’ANAPI et lui assigne la mission de veiller à ce que l’action du gouvernement puisse promouvoir les investissements pour le développement de la nation. Elle est Organisée aux tours de son Conseil d'administration; du Conseil d'agrément; de la Direction Générale; et du Collège des commissaires aux comptes et accompagne les investisseurs et veille au bon usage de l’aide publique disponible pour appuyer les projets d’investissement viables. Au regards des mécanismes de son fonctionnement et des modalités pour l’octroi des fonds publiques aux investisseurs pour appuyer leurs projets d’investissement, cette article démontre la nécessité du renforcement des mécanismes de contrôle et de suivis en amont tout comme en aval pour que l’appui ou les fonds octroyés aux investisseurs puissent être convenablement utilisés et contribuer au développement du pays.
L’éligibilité des femmes aux droits miniers en République Démocratique du Congo (RDC). Défis et perspectives
Authors: Ekomene Genèse Bibi
Published: February 2022

Cette étude met l’accent sur la question de l’accès de la femme aux ressources minières en RDC au regard de toutes sortes d’inégalités qu’elle subit, qu’il s’agisse de celle qui œuvre dans les entreprises qui s’en occupent que celles qui sont dans l’exploitation artisanale. Ce constat du traitement fait à la femme, sachant par la nature de chose qu’il ne peut lui être imposé les mêmes conditions que l’homme, a amené l’auteure à s’interroger sur la position du code minier quant à la condition de la femme liée à l’accès aux ressources minières. Partant de l’analyse des dispositions du code minier et du Règlement minier relatives aux conditions d’éligibilité, l’accès aux ressources minières est reconnu à toute personne tant morale que physique majeure moyennant l’accomplissement des formalités exigées par la loi et les règlements en la matière. Cette reconnaissance ne fait pas une distinction fondée sur le sexe, exception faite de l’hypothèse de l’exclusion de la femme enceinte. Ce qui est compréhensible, puisque considéré comme la protégeant elle et l’enfant des effets toxiques de l’exploitation. Qu’à cela ne tienne, le silence du législateur sur la condition féminine est à la base de beaucoup de discriminations. C’est à titre justement que l’auteure plaide pour la révision du Code minier et Règlement en y insérant des dispositions spécifiquement consacrée à la femme. Ce qui aboutirait à une législation minière séxo-spécifiques et à la promotion du leadership féminin dans ce secteur.
L’exception d’inconstitutionnalité soulevée lors du procès du prévenu vital kamerhe & consorts. L’inconstitutionnalité de la réponse du juge de céans?
Authors: Mapela Jean Jacques Kahunga
Published: February 2022

L’étude sur l’exception d’inconstitutionnalité, soulevée lors du procès dit de cent jours ayant impliqué notamment Monsieur Vital Kamerhe, Directeur de Cabinet et allié du Président de la République, a démontré que la réponse du juge de céans a, autant par la procédure employée que par les arguments avancés, violé les dispositions de l’article 162 de la Constitution qui consacre ce moyen. En tant que moyen « d’ordre public », l’exception d’inconstitutionnalité est à la fois un moyen de droit et un incident de procédure. Il s’agit d’un incident de constitutionnalité. La procédure qui lui est prescrite exige la surséance et la saisine de la Cour constitutionnelle « toutes affaires cessantes ». Par ailleurs, comme l’a jugé la Cour constitutionnelle elle-même, battant ainsi en brèche la procédure et l’argumentaire du juge de céans dudit procès, « (…) la question prioritaire préjudicielle est invoquée, non pas in limine litis, mais à toute hauteur de procédure, ce moyen étant d’ordre public, et qui, après surséance renvoie à la Cour constitutionnelle (…) ».
Zur unscharfen Grenze zwischen Wissenschaftsfreiheit und Meinungsäusserungsfreiheit – Eine verfassungsrechtliche Analyse universitärer Social-Media-Leitlinien –
Authors: Ammann Odile
Published: February 2022

Im Frühjahr 2021 verabschiedete die Universität Bern sog. «Leitlinien zu Informationen und Meinungsäusserungen». Deren Ausführungen zum Umgang von Universitätsangehörigen mit Social Media sorgten für mediale Aufmerksamkeit und wurden insbesondere unter dem Blickwinkel der Wissenschaftsfreiheit teilweise heftig kritisiert. Der vorliegende Aufsatz betrachtet die Berner Leitlinien aus verfassungsrechtlicher Sicht und untersucht die in diesem Zusammenhang geäusserte Kritik. In einem ersten Schritt wird der Inhalt der Leitlinien in den Blick genommen, bevor auf den breiteren Kontext der allgemeinen (Rechts-)Unsicherheit eingegangen wird, die derzeit bezüglich der Social-Media-Tätigkeit von Forschenden herrscht. Unter Bezugnahme auf das US-amerikanische Konzept des extramural speech wird schliesslich auf die Schwierigkeit hingewiesen, die Wissenschafts- und die Meinungsäusserungsfreiheit klar voneinander abzugrenzen. Sowohl die besagten Leitlinien als auch die schweizerische Verfassungslehre tendieren dazu, die Überschneidungen dieser beiden Grundrechte zu vernachlässigen: Wer die Meinungsäusserung von Forschenden reguliert, riskiert, gleichzeitig deren Wissenschaftsfreiheit einzuschränken.
Quasi-Judicial Oversight Mechanisms for Social Platforms – A Conversation with Catalina Botero Marino, Co-Chair of the Oversight Board –
Authors: Marino Catalina Botero , Tuchtfeld Erik
Published: February 2022

Die Verbreitung von Desinformation und Hassrede hat zu Aufforderungen an die sozialen Netwerke geführt, eine aktivere Rolle bei der Moderation von Inhalten einzunehmen. Andere befürchten dagegen Zensur und Willkür. Inmitten dieser heftigen Debatte hat Meta sich dazu entschieden, die Verantwortung für die Durchsetzung seiner Gemeinschaftsstandards zukünftig mit dem Oversight Board (OB) zu teilen, einer unabhängigen Institution, welche Entscheidungen von Meta über das Entfernen von Inhalten oder das Sperren von Nutzerinnen und Nutzern überprüfen kann. Erik Tuchtfeld bespricht mit Catalina Botero Marino, der ehemaligen Sonderberichterstatterin für Meinungsfreiheit der Interamerikanischen Menschenrechtskommission (IAMRK) und Ko-Vorsitzenden des Oversight Boards, wie sich das Board zusammensetzt und inwieweit es die globale Natur der Meta-Plattformen Facebook und Instagram widerspiegelt. Das Interview thematisiert die Beziehung zu und die Parallelen zwischen nationalen Gerichten und dem OB sowie die Bedeutung, die internationale Menschenrechtsinstrumente, der Grundsatz der Verhältnismäßigkeit und öffentliche Äußerungen von Amtsträgerinnen und Amtsträgern für die Arbeit des Boards haben.
Clinicopathological Evaluation of Seborrheic Keratosis Lesions in Patients Referred to Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman, Iran
Authors: Khalili Maryam , Shamsi Meymandi Simin , Amiri Rezvan , Aflatoonian Mahin , Alimortazavi Shirin
Published: February 2022

Background: Seborrheic keratosis is a benign epidermal proliferation, which is highly common in sun-exposed areas. This study evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of seborrheic keratosis lesions in patients referred to the Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman, Iran. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study investigated ninety-nine skin biopsies of seborrheic keratosis lesions. The patients’ demographic features and the clinical and pathological features of the lesions were recorded. Then the correlation between pathological subtypes and demographics and clinical features was evaluated. Independent t-test and chi-square tests were used to assess the correlation between quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Results: A majority of the patients were female (56.6%) in the sixth decade of their lives (33.3%). The lesions were more frequent in sun-exposed areas (65.6%). The most common pathological subtypes were acanthotic (47.5%), hyperkeratotic (27.3%), and adenoid (14.1%), and horn cyst (75.8%) and squamous eddies (5.1%) were the most and the least prevalent pathological features, respectively. Moreover, no significant correlation was noticed between pathological subtypes with the patients’ age or sun-exposed areas (P = 0.257 & P = 0.05, respectively) Conclusions: The most common pathological subtype in this study was the acanthotic type. There was no correlation between pathological subtypes and the patients’ demographic features. The most common clinicopathological correlation was associated with the sun-protected lesions.
Neural Models for Target-Based Computer-Assisted Musical Orchestration: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Dzwonczyk Luke Jonathan , Cella Carmine Emanuele , Saldarriaga-Fuertes Alejandro , Liu Hongfu , Crayencour Hélène-Camille
Published: February 2022

In this paper we will perform a preliminary exploration on how neural networks can be used for the task of target-based computer-assisted musical orchestration. We will show how it is possible to model this  musical problem as a classification task and we will propose two deep learning models. We will show, first, how they perform as classifiers for musical instrument recognition by comparing them with specific baselines. We will then show how they perform, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in the task of computer-assisted orchestration by comparing them with state-of-the-art systems. Finally, we will highlight benefits and problems of neural approaches for assisted orchestration and we will propose possible future steps. This paper is an extended version of the paper "A Study on Neural Models for Target-Based Computer-Assisted Musical Orchestration" published in the proceedings of The 2020 Joint Conference on AI Music Creativity. 
Predrag Manojlović: National mission of a sports visionary: Contribution to management of Olympic development
Authors: Jevtić Branislav
Published: February 2022

In the period from 2001 to 2009, a conscious effort was taken in Serbia on many occasions aimed at determining the ways of development of as many factors of the national sports system (NSS) and its associated environment as possible. The term "national mission of a sports visionary" in the title of this editorial indicates that the changes occurred thanks to the individual person. Using ex-post consideration of available material and through inductive reasoning, while striving to realize the vision of Predrag Manojlović, a scholar of progress and development in this field, the paper aimed at reaching conclusions about the professional and scientific foundation of changes in the NSS and the National Olympic Committee (NOC). In order to avoid a subjective approach to inferencing, the analyzed documents were compared with the results presented in periodicals of the same period in terms of their meaning, terminology, timeliness, action plans, etc. The results of this qualitative analysis should also be understood as a contribution to Olympic studies, namely to the subfield of thereof - Management of Olympic Development. While reflecting on Manojlović's work, numerous examples of good practice models have been identified, which, through analysis of their wider meaning, have been classified into clusters of an innovative approach to sports organization and management: (1) NOC and its development, (2) an Athlete, (3) NSS and its development, (4) Sports coach, (5) Sponsors and donors, (6) the Republic of Serbia, (7) the Society of the Republic of Serbia, (8) Human resources for sports of the 21st century, (9) Multisport competitions, (10) Olympic studies and competencies of a leader of Olympic development, (11) International cooperation and the agenda of sports developments in Europe. The singularity of Manojlović, as a leader, stems from his open-mindedness. As a leader of Olympic development, his qualities were especially spirituality, morality, education, intelligence, comradery. He was dedicated to his task and aspired for achieving excellence, he was also brave, innovative, resolute, fair, discerning, reasonable, and principled. In the area of his work, Predrag Manojlović was ''Aretes'' - a true Olympian, an exceptional man, and his achievements in the field of sports stand out in many ways.
Genetic factors in the development and course of pulmonary diseases
Authors: Pešut Dragica , Nagorni-Obradović Ljudmila , Jovanović Dragana , Milenković Branislava , Minić Predrag , Škodrić-Trifunović Vesna , Radovanović Sanja , Kontić Milica , Žunić Svetlana , Mitić-Milikić Marija
Published: February 2022

The year 2013 denoted the 50th anniversary of the discovery of a1-antitrypsin deficiency. Apart from genetic changes in cystic fibrosis, discovered in 1989, the condition was the only recognized genetic disturbance in pulmonary diseases for years. In the meantime, many studies have been undertaken, especially in the diseases of unknown causes such as sarcoidosis, but also in those of well-known infectious cause like tuberculosis. Genetic studies in tuberculosis were especially COM-plex and directed both towards host susceptibility and genetics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with special reference to the mechanisms of drug resistance development. Apart from animal studies at the beginning of the second half of the 20th century, twins and major histocompatibility system studies, population-genetic and pedigree analysis were performed, then, biomarkers such as ABO system blood types analysis and many others. Availability of molecular techniques allowed great step forward and brought new knowledge on the genetics of pulmonary diseases, including epigenetics. The purpose of the review is to present new findings and highlight importance of current opinion on genetic factors influence in the development, course and prognosis of the most prevalent chronic non-infectious and rare pulmonary diseases.
The relationship between problematic internet use, WhatsApp and personality
Authors: Bernal-Ruiz Cristina , Rosa-Alcázar Ana Isabel
Published: February 2022

The manner and frequency of Internet use may reflect the needs, preferences, values, personal motivations and personality characteristics of users. The aim of this research was to analyse the relationship between the Big Five Personality factors and impulsivity with Problematic Internet Use and the Negative Impact of WhatsApp. The sample consisted of 630 university students (75.7% female) aged between 18 and 62 years (M = 21.23). The results indicated that the Big Five Personality factors and impulsivity correlated significantly with Problematic Internet Use and the Negative Impact of WhatsApp. Impulsivity proved to be the most important predictor of Problematic Internet Use and the Negative Impact of WhatsApp. It can be concluded, cautiously, that impulsive people have a greater predisposition to develop Problematic Internet Use and, also to experience a greater negative impact due to the use of WhatsApp.
The contribution of attachment styles and reassurance seeking to trust in romantic couples
Authors: Evraire Lyndsay Elizabeth , Dozois David John Andrew , Wilde Jesse Lee
Published: February 2022

The current daily diary study examined the moderating impact of attachment style on the association between excessive reassurance seeking (ERS) behavior and trust in romantic dyads. A sample of 110 heterosexual couples completed measures of attachment, ERS, and relationship trust. In line with prior research, an anxious attachment style was associated with higher daily ERS, and an avoidant attachment style with lower daily ERS. Lower levels of trust were also associated with greater daily ERS. Moreover, analyses remained significant while controlling for symptoms of depression. This study extended the literature by demonstrating that for women with an anxious attachment style, and men with an avoidant attachment style, ERS was related to lower next day trust. In contrast, the partners of men with an avoidant attachment style, who also engaged in ERS, reported higher levels of next day trust. This study was also the first to examine how individual attachment styles influenced the perception of, and reactions to, ERS. Women with an anxious attachment style liked when their male partners engaged in ERS, as illustrated by higher levels of reported trust. These results support the idea that attachment styles play an important role in determining whether or not ERS leads to negative interpersonal consequences. They also suggest that it is the combination of relationship insecurities and ERS that leads to negative interpersonal consequences.
Adaptive non-contact robust heart rate detection method under head rotation motion
Authors: Batubayaer Ou-Yun , Zhao Yue-Jin , Kong Ling-Qin , Dong Li-Quan , Liu Ming , Hui Mei ,   School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China,   Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Optoelectronic Measurement Instrument and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China,   Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
Published: February 2022

The dominant challenge of vital signal monitoring based on facial video is to eliminate the interference of motion artifacts. In this paper, we propose a non-contact heart rate detection method based on an adaptive filter constructed by head movement information to tackle the noise of motion artifacts caused by the rigid rotation of the subject's head. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional feature points of the subject’s face are used to calculate the yaw and pitch Euler angles of the head movement, then the yaw and pitch Euler angles are used as a novel signal quality index (SQI) for modulating process noise covariance to construct an adaptive Kalman filter, and finally robust heart rate is estimated by this method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress the noise caused by the head rigid rotation with an average absolute error of 2.22 beat/min and a root mean square error of 2.76 beat/min, which are statistically significant with an accuracy improvement of 9% and 24.6%, respectively, compared with the existing methods. The adaptive non-contact robust heart rate detection technique based on head rigid rotation may effectively enhance the accuracy in real-world motion situations, as well as broaden the range of applications for IPPG in the field of the video-based monitoring of health conditions.