bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis and Least-Cost Path on The Highway Route Planning: A Case Study of Bawen – Yogyakarta Highway, Indonesia
Authors: Marjuki Bramantiyo , Rudiarto Iwan
Published: February 2021

Infrastructure planning ideally not only considers the geotechnical aspects and physical conditions of the infrastructure development location but also must be able to support regional development. One kind of spatial analysis technique which has capabilities to integrate various regional characteristics associated with its suitability for a particular use is spatial multi-criteria analysis. By using Bawen-Yogyakarta Toll Road Plan as a case study, this research is intended to apply route planning that takes into account regional characteristics, through the involvement of Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis, Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Least Cost Path analysis. The analysis results then compared with the government preferred route to see its advantages and disadvantages. The results show that the generated route from the analysis has several advantages over the government preferred route, while also having some shortcomings. The advantages of route analysis results compared to government preference routes include: better able to avoid earthquake and landslide-prone areas, better support to the preservation of protected areas, has more areas with flat to gentle topography, and have smaller additional construction cost as the consequences of intersection with existing roads, rivers and railways, In terms of affected land-use, generated route also has minimum negative impacts on the sustainability of agricultural land in the study area. The shortcomings of the analysis result are: not yet able to avoid flood and volcanic eruptions-prone areas as well as government’s preferences route, higher land acquisition cost estimation, and less support for industrial and tourism activities in the research area. Improvement of analysis methods, data, and cost assessment strategy is needed to obtain better results and more appropriate modeling and analysis, in order to support regional infrastructure planning and development.
Urban Feature Extraction from Merged Airborne LiDAR Data and Digital Camera Data
Authors: Taha Lamyaa Gamal EL-Deen , Ramzi A. I. , Syarawi A. , Bekheet A.
Published: February 2021

Until recently, the most highly accurate digital surface models were obtained from airborne lidar. With the development of a new generation of large format digital photogrammetric aerial camera, a fully digital photogrammetric workflow became possible. Digital airborne images are sources for elevation extraction and orthophoto generation. This research concerned with the generation of digital surface models and orthophotos as applications from high-resolution images.  In this research, the following steps were performed. A Benchmark data of LIDAR and digital aerial camera have been used.  Firstly, image orientation, AT have been performed. Then the automatic digital surface model DSM generation has been produced from the digital aerial camera. Thirdly true digital ortho has been generated from the digital aerial camera also orthoimage will be generated using LIDAR digital elevation model (DSM). Leica Photogrammetric Suite (LPS) module of Erdsa Imagine 2014 software was utilized for processing. Then the resulted orthoimages from both techniques were mosaicked. The results show that automatic digital surface model DSM that been produced from digital aerial camera method has very high dense photogrammetric 3D point clouds compared to the LIDAR 3D point clouds. It was found that the true orthoimage produced from the second approach is better than the true orthoimage produced from the first approach. The five approaches were tested for classification of the best-orthorectified image mosaic using subpixel based (neural network) and pixel-based ( minimum distance and maximum likelihood).Multicues were extracted such as texture(entropy-mean),Digital elevation model, Digital surface model ,normalized digital surface model (nDSM) and intensity image. The contributions of the individual cues used in the classification have been evaluated. It was found that the best cue integration is intensity (pan) +nDSM+ entropy followed by intensity (pan) +nDSM+mean then intensity image +mean+ entropy after that DSM )image and two texture measures (mean and entropy) followed by the colour image. The integration with height data increases the accuracy. Also, it was found that the integration with entropy texture increases the accuracy. Resulted in fifteen cases of classification it was found that maximum likelihood classifier is the best followed by minimum distance then neural network classifier. We attribute this to the fine resolution of the digital camera image. Subpixel classifier (neural network) is not suitable for classifying aerial digital camera images.
The Digital Turn in Geopolitics: Gojek’s Strategy of Digital Space and Its Geopolitical Implications
Authors: Muhammad Ajie Mahar
Published: February 2021

Digital transformation has revolutionized all aspects of life due to its connectivity cap bility. However, the discipline of contemporary Geopolitics has not discussed it in-depth, and is still pinned towards the modern geopolitics discourse focusing merely on regional geopolitical contestations. This article aims to enrich the intellectual discourse on postmodern geopolitics embracing the digital turn in geopolitics. Focusing on non-state actors, this study scrutinizes Gojek, an Indonesian decacorn startup company, by asking how Gojek’s strategization of their digital spaces results in geopolitical implications. Epistemologically, this article utilizes Foucaultian governmentality and the concept of power-knowledge to understand geopolitical power of Gojek and explain how they construct their information power. This study finds that Gojek constructs their power through building digital spaces which connects the customers with Gojek’s partners. The empire of connectivity which Gojek has established does not merely give them power in the digital realm but also in real politics. There exist some geopolitical implications because of Gojek’s strategizing of digital space such as (i) the emergent information power of digital connectivity; (ii) the use of information-based startup as means of Indonesia’s diplomacy; (iii) the emergent power of the person who designs and leads the construction of digital spaces. Further research with a different sample is required to enrich the discourse on digital turn in geopolitics since this research only scrutinizes a case in one of the developing countries.
Democracy In Slovenia: Slovenia’s Entry Into The European Union After The Disintegration Of Yugoslavia
Authors: Hiswi Putti Ananda
Published: February 2021

After the disintegration of Yugoslavia, Slovenia made changes in its ideology and political system to become part of the European Union. However, as a newly independent country, Slovenia faces an unfinished successional political transition. Undertaking a democratic system shift will cause Slovenia to face several challenges: accepting and implementing new democratic laws, introducing a liberal economy with free initiative, and achieving national sovereignty as an independent country. Apart from being a newly independent country, Slovenia also has a history of war with Italy when it was under Yugoslavia during the Second World War. These conditions make Slovenia’s entry into the European Union problematic. This article aims to understand Slovenia’s policy transition process after the disintegration of Yugoslavia and its consideration to join the European Union. This article uses qualitative methods with data and literatures collection from various official documents, books, journals, and online news which discuss integration process and democracy implementation in Slovenia related to its integration to European Union. This article concludes that Slovenia’s decision to join the European Union - despite its position as a newly independent country and the history of war with Italy - was due to the belief that a common liberal democratic system could help open relations with fellow democracies. The similarity of this system can be seen from the application of the three pillars of liberal democracy in democratic peace theory. The theory postulates that when the three pillars are applied, liberal countries will not go to war with each other
Economic Rationalities of Loksado Indigenous in a Redenomination Perspective
Authors: Prabawani Bulan , Prihatini Apriatni Endang , Purbawati Dinalestari
Published: February 2021

Dayak Meratus is one of the tribes in Indonesia consisting about 633 ethnic groups in total. The Dayak Meratus tribe represents the majority of the tribe in Indonesia which tends to be isolated, has a low formal education, and lacks of public facilities. This research was aimed at describing the economic rationalities of Tribe Dayak Meratus, a Loksado Indigenous in the Regency of Hulu Sungai Selatan, Borneo Island in term of redenomination perspective. This research is important since redenomination has potential to create hyperinflation if it was not implemented properly, especially related to the inland community in Indonesia which is more than 13,000 islands. The data collecting applied focus group discussion which involved the chair and member of the Tribe, also survey as the data triangulation of method. This research applied explanation building and frequency distribution for the data analysis. The results show that the Loksado Indigenous has a  marginal economy and formal education,but the Tribe has high social capital for its gotong royong (mutual cooperation) spirit and has sufficiently good financial literacy that forms good economic rationalities. In the term of redenomination, the economic rationalities would be essential to maintain so that economic crashes would not be occured. Redenomination for indigenous people would be considered the same as the change in currency that has occurred several times in Indonesia, in wchich the socialization was through conventional media.
Managerial Accountability in Village Fund Management
Authors: Dwimawanti Ida Hayu , Rahman Amni Zarkasyi , Rahman Rafa’ Fazlur
Published: February 2021

Village Funds are funds sourced from the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget intended for villages which are transferred through the district revenue and expenditure budget and then channelled to the village treasury account and used to finance the implementation of development and community empowerment. The Village Fund has village development goals, namely improving the quality of human life, improving village welfare, and reducing poverty. This study aims to analyze the Managerial Accountability of Village Fund Management in Rejosari Village, Pringsurat Subdistrict, Temanggung Regency. This study used qualitative research methods with eight informants as the research subject. The results of the study show that the Managerial Accountability of Village Fund Management in Rejosari Village, Pringsurat Subdistrict, Temanggung Regency has not demonstrated effective results. Several indicators of Managerial Accountability that have not been implemented optimally further support this conclusion. Meanwhile, the factors that influence accountability such as the personal factor, leadership factor, team factor, and contextual factor are sufficient, although obstacles are still apparent. Based on this conclusion, the researchers recommended the village fund administrators to be highly committed and maximizing the support of existing resources to the maximum.
Green Brand Products in Small and Medium Batik Industries with Pls-Sem Approach
Authors: Farida Naili , Prihartini Apriatni Endang , Ngatno Ngatno
Published: February 2021

This study examines Regiocentric Image Capabilities and Market Penetration on Green Products and the effect of Green Products on Marketing Performance. The sample in this study were 58 entrepreneurs of Small and Medium Batik Industries, who used natural colouring. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, and the analysis technique used was PLS-SEM. The study found that Regiocentric Image Capabilities and Market Penetration significantly influence the Green Products, and it has a significant effect on Marketing Performance. Moreover, Green Brand Image does not influence a significant increase in Marketing Performance. These results indicated that Regiocentric Image Capabilities can enhance the capability of green product innovation with environmentally friendly natural colouring. The product is also supported by a broad market penetration capability. Furthermore, Green Brand Image on batik colouring products has no significant effect on marketing performance. The focus on green products appears so that the SMIs can increase marketing of environmentally friendly batik products.
Celebrities in the Recruitment of Candidates for Legislative Members of the Indonesian Parliament in the Legislative Elections
Authors: Sugiarto M. Dwi , Yuwanto Yuwanto
Published: February 2021

The 2019 Legislative Election featured many celebrities involved in the contestation, where a total of 11 of the 16 political parties had legislative candidates from the celebrity circles. Democratic National Party (NasDem) became the party that nominated most celebrities as legislative candidates. Armed with the popularity that has made celebrities attract political parties to nominate them to increase the vote acquisition and even the number of seats. The process of recruiting legislative candidates from celebrities by the NasDem Party is the focus of this research on how the approach and process are carried out. The study uses qualitative analysis with a descriptive approach to describe the process that occurs through interviews and review of documents and news as a source of data. The results obtained indicate that the NasDem Party’s legislative candidate was recruited using an approach that involved the NasDem Party elite and fellow celebrities as intermediaries. Factors driving celebrities to become the NasDem Party’s legislative candidates are moral support (debriefing, fostering, and active interaction with party elites) and material (Campaign Props, campaign costs, financial reimbursement), Indonesian Restoration slogans, and anti-dowry politics, as well as egalitarian politics attitudes. Celebrity-related research in politics has focused a lot on the role of transformation from entertainment to politics. In contrast, this research has focused on recruiting celebrities as legislative candidates by the NasDem Party.
Study of Factors Causing Low Quality Performance on Construction Projects in Aceh Province
Authors: Rauzana Anita , Usni Dwi Andri
Published: February 2021

The increasing number of construction companies in the construction industry, must be followed by increasing the quality of a construction project. Successful construction projects are projects that have effective time, economical costs, and achieve good quality. In the implementation of construction projects, construction failures are often encountered, which are caused by the implementation of construction that is not in accordance with the specifications, therefore, research needs to be done to identify factors that cause low quality performance that is very influential on construction projects. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that cause the lowest quality performance that is the most dominant. The method in this study is to use descriptive statistical methods. Based on the results of questionnaires and data processing analysis, there are five factors that cause low quality performance that are very influential on construction projects, namely changes in the scope of work, poor material quality, design errors, poor equipment quality, and lack of workforce expertise.
The Effect of Slag Cement Substitution on the Water – cement Ratio , Setting Time and Compression Strength of Mortar at the age of 14 and 28 Days
Authors: Adi Rudi Yuniarto , Rizqi Safira Yulia , Subagyo Sie Alexander Patrick , Han Ay Lie
Published: February 2021

The use of industrial waste as a component of nowadays building material has become of major importance due to the underlining of environmental and sustainability issues. Among these materials is Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), often referred to as slag-cement. The material is a residue produced during the steel refining process. The cementitious nature of the product makes it most suitable for ordinary Portland cement (PC) substitution. However, the behavior of this slag-cement in terms of development time and strength has not been defined in great details. In the construction industry, time is of major importance, a prolonged hydration process could delay the overall process. This research work focused on the setting time and strength response of slag-cement in mortar. The ratio of mortar constituent of cement-to-sand was 1 : 3. The percentage of slag-cement substitute to PC was 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% to the cement weight. The compressive strength was tested at the age of 14 days and 28 days. The results of the analysis showed that at a 25% slag-cement substitution a very significant increase in strength was shown. The increase was more pronounced at the age of 28 days when compared to 14 days and recorded to be 31.90%. As for the 50% and 75% slag-cement substitution, no significant increase in strength improvement was noticed. The test results showed a 2.66% enhancement for the 50% slag- cement substitution and a 2.45% increase for a 75% slag-cement replacement. The study also showed that slag-cement required a higher water-cement factor for the normal consistency
Comparison of Precast and Conventional Concrete Rigid Pavements Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors: Nuroji Nuroji , Setiadji Bagus Hario , Aktorina Wahyu
Published: February 2021

The rigid pavement on many roads is considered as a solution due to the increasing traffic load that requires high performance and durability of the road construction. However, the implementation of rigid pavement takes a longer time to reach its concrete strength until the road operation. Some industries have developed pavement from precast concrete panels to reduce construction time. This paper discusses the comparison of rigid pavement between precast concrete and conventional concrete. Two road sections are Jalan Margomulyo Surabaya using precast-concrete-pavement and Jalan Semarang-Jambu using conventional-concrete-pavement chosen as research objects. Cost, construction time, serviceability, and traffic performance are the four variables reviewed in this study analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method with considers 15 competent experts as respondents. Based on the analysis shows that a road improvement project by using precast-pavement is more effective and efficient with a score of 58.42 %, while the score of conventional concrete is 41.58 %.
Rapport national de mi-saison sur l’influenza, 2020 à 2021
Authors: Lee Liza , Butt Kelly , Buckrell Steven , Nwosu Andrea , Sevenhuysen Claire , Bancej Christina
Published: February 2021

Au Canada, la saison nationale de la grippe commence généralement dans la seconde moitié du mois de novembre (semaine 47) et elle est définie comme la semaine où au moins 5 % des tests de grippe sont positifs et où un minimum de 15 tests positifs sont observés. Au 12 décembre 2020 (semaine 50), la saison de la grippe 2020 à 2021 n’avait pas encore commencé. Seules 47 détections de virus de la grippe confirmées en laboratoire ont été signalées entre le 23 août et le 12 décembre 2020, un nombre sans précédent, malgré des niveaux de tests de grippe plus élevés que d’habitude. Sur ce petit nombre de détections, 64 % concernaient la grippe A et 36 % la grippe B. L’activité grippale au Canada a atteint des niveaux historiquement bas par rapport aux cinq saisons précédentes. Les provinces et les territoires n’ont signalé aucune hospitalisation d’adultes liée à la grippe. Moins de cinq hospitalisations ont été signalées par le réseau d’hospitalisations pédiatriques sentinelles. La grippe circulant peu, le Laboratoire national de microbiologie n’avait pas encore reçu d’échantillons de virus de la grippe collectés pendant la saison 2020 à 2021 pour la caractérisation des souches ou les tests de résistance aux antiviraux. L’évaluation de l’efficacité du vaccin antigrippal, généralement disponible à la mi-mars, devrait être tout aussi limitée si la faible circulation de la grippe saisonnière persiste. Néanmoins, le système de surveillance de la grippe au Canada reste robuste et a restructuré ses composantes syndromique, virologique et des résultats graves pour soutenir la surveillance de la maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Malgré la pandémie de COVID-19, la menace d’épidémies et de pandémies de grippe persiste. Il est impératif 1) de maintenir la surveillance de la grippe; 2) de rester attentif aux événements inhabituels ou inattendus et 3) d’être prêt à atténuer les épidémies de grippe lorsqu’elles réapparaissent.
Findings among Indigenous participants of the Tracks survey of people who inject drugs in Canada, Phase 4, 2017–2019
Authors: Tarasuk Jill , Sullivan Meghan , Bush Donna , Hui Christian , Morris Melissa , Starlight Tami , Cholette François , Jonah Leigh , Bryson Maggie , Paquette Dana , Masching Renée
Published: February 2021

Background: The Tracks survey of people who inject drugs (PWID) collected data in 14 sentinel sites across Canada (2017–2019). These findings describe the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C and associated risk behaviours among Indigenous participants. Methods: Information regarding socio-demographics, social determinants of health, use of prevention services and testing, drug use, risk behaviours, and HIV and hepatitis C testing, care and treatment was collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. Biological samples were tested for HIV, hepatitis C antibodies and hepatitis C ribonucleic acid (RNA). Descriptive statistics were calculated and reviewed by an Indigenous-led advisory group using the Two-Eyed Seeing approach. Results: Of the 2,383 participants, 997 were Indigenous (82.9% First Nations, 14.9% Métis, 2.2% Inuit). Over half (54.5%) were cisgender male and the average age was 38.9 years. A large proportion (84.0%) reported their mental health as “fair to excellent”. High proportions experienced stigma and discrimination (90.2%) and physical, sexual and/or emotional abuse in childhood (87.5%) or with a sexual partner (78.6%). Use of a needle/syringe distribution program (90.5%) and testing for HIV (87.9%) and hepatitis C (87.8%) were high. Prevalence of HIV was 15.4% (78.2% were aware of infection status) and 36.4% were hepatitis C RNA-positive (49.4% were aware of infection status). Conclusion: High rates of HIV and hepatitis C were identified. Challenges in access to and maintenance of HIV and hepatitis C care and treatment were noted. This information informs harm reduction strategies, including the need to scale-up awareness of prophylaxis in a culturally relevant manner.
A time-series analysis of testing and COVID-19 outbreaks in Canadian federal prisons to inform prevention and surveillance efforts
Authors: Blair Alexandra , Parnia Abtin , Siddiqi Arjumand
Published: February 2021

Background: Approximately 14,000 adults are currently incarcerated in federal prisons in Canada. These facilities are vulnerable to disease outbreaks and an assessment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing and outcomes is needed. The objective of this study was to examine outcomes of COVID-19 testing, prevalence, case recovery and death within federal prisons and to contrast these data with those of the general population. Methods: Public time-series outcome data for prisoners and the general population were obtained on-line from the Correctional Service of Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada, respectively, from March 30 to May 27, 2020. Prison, province and sex-specific frequency statistics for each outcome were calculated. A total of 50 facilities were included in this study. Results: Of these 50 facilities, 64% reported fewer individuals tested per 1,000 population than observed in the general population and 12% reported zero tests in the study period. Testing tended to be reactive, increasing only once prisons had recorded positive tests. Six prisons reported viral outbreaks, with three recording over 20% cumulative COVID-19 prevalence among prisoners. Cumulatively, in prisons, 29% of individuals tested received a positive result, compared to 6% in the general population. Two of the 360 cases died (0.6% fatality). Four outbreaks appeared to be under control (more than 80% of cases recovered); however, sizeable susceptible populations remain at risk of infection. Female prisoners (5% of the total prisoner population) were over-represented among cases (17% of cases overall). Conclusion: Findings suggest that prison environments are vulnerable to widespread severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. Gaps in testing merit public health attention. Symptom-based testing alone may not be optimal in prisons, given observations of widespread transmission. Increased sentinel or universal testing may be appropriate. Increased testing, along with rigorous infection prevention practices and the potential release of prisoners, will be needed to curb future outbreaks.
Le VIH au Canada – Rapport de surveillance, 2019
Authors: Haddad Nisrine , Weeks Ashley , Robert Anita , Totten Stephanie
Published: February 2021

Contexte : Environ 14 000 adultes sont actuellement incarcérés dans des prisons fédérales au Canada. Ces établissements étant vulnérables aux éclosions de maladies infectieuses, une évaluation du niveau de dépistage et de la maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) dans ces milieux est nécessaire. L’objectif de la présente étude était d’examiner les résultats des dépistages de COVID-19, la prévalence, les cas en rétablissement et les décès liés à la COVID-19 dans les prisons fédérales, et de comparer ces données avec celles de la population générale. Méthodes : Les données publiques des séries chronologiques des résultats de dépistage concernant les prisonniers et la population générale ont été obtenues en ligne auprès du Service correctionnel du Canada et de l’Agence de la santé publique du Canada, respectivement, du 30 mars au 27 mai 2020. Pour chaque issu, des statistiques de fréquence par prison, par province et par sexe ont été calculées. Au total, 50 établissements ont été inclus dans cette étude. Résultats : Sur ces 50 établissements, 64 % ont déclaré avoir testé moins de personnes sur 1 000 que ce qui a été observé dans la population générale et 12 % ont déclaré n’avoir effectué aucun dépistage au cours de la période de l’étude. Le niveau de dépistage avait tendance à être de caractère réactif, n’augmentant qu’une fois que les prisons enregistraient des résultats positifs. Six prisons ont signalé des éclosions, trois d’entre elles enregistrant une prévalence cumulée de plus de 20 % de COVID-19 chez les détenus. Dans l’ensemble des prisons, 29 % des personnes testées ont reçu un résultat positif, comparativement à 6 % dans la population générale. Deux des 360 cas se sont soldés par la mort (taux de létalité de 0,6 %). Quatre foyers d’éclosion semblent avoir été maîtrisés (plus de 80 % des cas ont été guéris), mais d’importantes populations vulnérables restent exposées au risque d’infection. Les femmes détenues (5 % de la population carcérale totale) étaient surreprésentées parmi les cas (17 % des cas dans l’ensemble). Conclusion : Les résultats suggèrent que les milieux pénitentiaires sont vulnérables à la transmission généralisée du coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère 2 (SRAS-CoV-2). Les lacunes en matière de dépistages méritent l’attention de la santé publique. Les pratiques de dépistage fondées sur la présence de symptômes ne sont peut-être pas les meilleures dans les prisons, étant donné les observations de transmission généralisée. Il peut être approprié d’augmenter les pratiques de dépistage sentinelle ou de dépistage universel. Il faudra multiplier les dépistages, mettre en place des pratiques rigoureuses de prévention des infections et potentiellement libérer des prisonniers pour aplatir la courbe à l’avenir.
Zagrajmy w powieść. Recenzja książki Tomasza Majkowskiego Języki gropowieści. Studia o różnojęzyczności gier cyfrowych
Authors: Fisz Marcin
Published: February 2021

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Wielka Wojna jako temat gier wideo. Wyzwania dla edurozrywki w Valiant Hearts i Battlefield 1
Authors: Czajka Łukasz
Published: February 2021

Głównym celem artykułu jest analiza wybranych gier wideo poświęconych tematyce I wojny światowej. Aby dokonać pogłębionej analizy porównawczej, skonfrontowano ze sobą dwie gry: Valiant Hearts i Battlefield 1. Obie zostały porównane pod względem ich potencjalnego wykorzystania w edukacji rozrywkowej (edurozrywce). Zaprezentowane interpretacje służą także określeniu niektórych potencjalnych wyzwań, przed jakimi stają gry wideo aspirujące do miana narzędzi wspomagających tradycyjny proces edukacji o historii Wielkiej Wojny.
Is orientalism bad? Between the communication game and the non-game
Authors: Jabłoński Arkadiusz
Published: February 2021

Linguistics deals with communication and its pragmatic effects in terms of dynamic changes in human relationships fostered by the information circulated between the interacting parties. Such relationships may be especially complex in the inter-cultural context, when certain information belonging to the source environment may not be clear to the participants functioning in the target environment. Communication may relate to the facts verified with solely technical means, but also to the unverifiable convictions, views and stereotypes. Its specific manifestation in the contemporary circulation of pop-cultural (and not only) relations is the presence of orientalism-related threads. Some premises on whether such threads should be recognized as harmful and distorting the communication perspective by their very definition – and why – are presented in the paper. The methodology of game research, with reference to the psychological games and the roles of the Child, the Adult and the Parent, being alluded on purpose by the triad of the expert, non-expert and careless narratives, makes it possible to differentiate effectively the verifiable reports on facts from the narratives which, by their very definition, are not subject to verification, and which are often misleading or do not go beyond the harmful stereotypes.
Edukacyjne cechy gamingu
Authors: Kowalczuk Karol
Published: February 2021

The modern development of the gaming space is often seen through the prism of the attractiveness and success. Thanks to their features, computer games are not only the foundation of the modern world of entertainment, but also become a significant area in many spaces of social life – also in education. For a long time they have been perceived as notdidactic and not-educational, but currently they constitute an attractive educational strategy from the point of view of young students. The use of elements of computer games in education is becoming more common and more and more extensive. The main role in this process is played by the need to adapt the teaching message to the modern digital student, the polisensoricity and dynamics of the gaming world is a determinant of attractiveness for them. On the other hand, the contemporary school is faced with the need to update the content presented by it for the “digital natives”. Computer games fit into solving many teaching problems thanks to their features and the undoubted educational potential which only needs to be noticed.
Przepis na ludoteki. Finansowanie wypożyczalni gier ze środków budżetu partycypacyjnego w Polsce
Authors: Łączyński Marcin
Published: February 2021

Celem artykułu jest omówienie prawnych i organizacyjnych aspektów finansowania wypożyczalni gier ze środków dostępnych w miejskich budżetach partycypacyjnych. Zaprezentowana została w nim szczegółowa analiza przypadku tworzenia i promowania takiego wniosku o finansowanie, dokonana na przykładzie projektu „Wypożyczalnie gier planszowych w bibliotece”, z sukcesem przeprowadzonego wiosną 2016 w sześciu obszarach Warszawy. W artykule przedstawiono aspekty organizacyjne i proceduralne przygotowania projektu, działania promocyjne – realizowane w ramach przewidzianych przez procedurę budżetu partycypacyjnego, jak i poza nią, informacje zwrotne na temat projektu pozyskane od mieszkańców, reakcje urzędników i osób odpowiedzialnych za realizację projektu po jego przegłosowaniu oraz wyniki przedsięwzięcia.
Play in Poland. Promoting play in Gedania 1922 Preschool and CreoGedania alternative school
Authors: Maciaszek Kamil
Published: February 2021

This paper presents five years of introducing free play into Gedania 1922 preschool, based in Gdańsk (Poland). Attention is also drawn to the presence of play in Polish schools and the necessity of conducting changes in education, which would involve the introduction of free play in schools and increased emphasis on building soft skills in children. These skills could also be supported through free play.
Unfree Labour, Migration and Racism: Towards an Analytical Framework
Authors: Carstensen Lisa
Published: February 2021

When it comes to analysing exploitative and unfree labour, most research refers to “othering” or “race”. Race is often treated as a given category rather than a social phenomenon that needs explanation. In this article, I draw attention to the question of how racism is preserved, reproduced and changed within and through unfree labour relations. I do this by discussing the conceptual interlinkages between unfree labour, migration and racism. While the role of migration policies should not be underestimated, this should be accompanied by an analytical account of their racist background and outcomes. Based on this I present a framework for the analysis of racism as it relates to unfree labour and migration. I draw attention to three different levels of analysis (historico-structural, discursive-symbolic and everyday practices) and the interrelations between them. For empirical illustrations, I draw on my research on modern slave labour in two production sectors in Brazil: charcoal and clothing. I discuss the empirical findings with regard to three analytical problems in the analysis of unfree labour and racism: the impact of generalising knowledge on (future) migrant workers; the role and responsibility of global production networks; and the need to critically reflect on initiatives and policies aimed at the eradication of unfree labour.
 KEYWORDS: labour migration; unfree labour; racism; Brazil; workers’ rights
Regimes, Resistance and Reforms: Comparing Workers' Politics in the Automobile Industry in China and India
Authors: Nair Manjusha , Friedman Eli
Published: February 2021

The automobile industry in China was shaken by an unprecedented upsurge of labour unrest in 2010, beginning with the much-discussed wildcat strike at the Nanhai Honda transmission plant in Guangdong province. While worker activism in auto plants in India was not as concentrated as in China’s 2010 strike wave, the period 2009–2017 witnessed twenty-seven strikes nationwide, indicating a significant uptick after the global recession. The optimism that regarded the escalation of labour unrest as indicative of a global labour movement emerging from the Global South has died down. This is an appropriate moment to ask the question: Why did these protests not materialise into something more? Existing explanations in China tend to focus on the regime characteristics. In this article, we undertake a much-needed comparative analysis to explore the failure of these protests. We argue that their failure to sustain their momentum, let alone become a global movement, must be understood in the context of the structures and temporality of capitalism. While we show that there were regime-based divergences and national characteristics in each case, we also show the striking global convergence both in the ways that the protests materialised and how the states responded.
KEYWORDS: labour resistance; temporary work; democracy; neo-liberalism; China; India
Propietarios y prestamistas: los Barquín en el contexto de cambio urbano de Irapuato, 1840- 1888
Authors: Buendia Ramírez Gabriel
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo estudia la formación de nuevos grupos de élite en Irapuato, de 1840 a 1888, periodo en el que la región fue parte de una lenta transformación debido a que el crecimiento demográfico fue gradual, y las operaciones crediticias que estaban a cargo de la Iglesia se debilitaron por las guerras de independencia y la Ley de Desamortización de Fincas Rústicas y Urbanas. En este escenario, los créditos pasaron a manos de un grupo minoritario de españoles ampuerenses que emigraron entre los decenios cuarenta y cincuenta del siglo decimonónico a tierras del Bajío y que, posteriormente, se establecieron en Irapuato y se unieron en lazo familiar con vecinos adinerados.
Presentación
Authors: Martínez Delgado Gerardo
Published: February 2021

Presentación del número 12
Induction of autophagy protects against extreme hypoxia-induced damage in porcine embryo
Authors: Lee Mun-Hyeong , Jeong Pil-Soo , Sim Bo-Woong , Kang Hyo-Gu , Kim Min Ju , Lee Sanghoon , Yoon Seung-Bin , Kang Philyong , Park Young-Ho , Kim Ji-Su , Song Bong-Seok , Koo Deog-Bon , Kim Sun-Uk
Published: February 2021

In the mammalian female reproductive tract, physiological oxygen tension is lower than that of the atmosphere. Therefore, to mimic in vivo conditions during in vitro culture (IVC) of mammalian early embryos, 5% oxygen has been extensively used instead of 20%. However, the potential effect of hypoxia on the yield of early embryos with high developmental competence remains unknown or controversial, especially in pigs. In the present study, we examined the effects of low oxygen tension under different oxygen tension levels on early developmental competence of parthenogenetically activated (PA) and in vitro-fertilized (IVF) porcine embryos. Unlike the 5% and 20% oxygen groups, exposure of PA embryos to 1% oxygen tension, especially in early-phase IVC (0–2 days), greatly decreased several developmental competence parameters including blastocyst formation rate, blastocyst size, total cell number, inner cell mass (ICM) to trophectoderm (TE) ratio, and cellular survival rate. In contrast, 1% oxygen tension did not affect developmental parameters during the middle (2–4 days) and late phases (4–6 days) of IVC. Interestingly, induction of autophagy by rapamycin treatment markedly restored the developmental parameters of PA and IVF embryos cultured with 1% oxygen tension during early-phase IVC, to meet the levels of the other groups. Together, these results suggest that the early development of porcine embryos depends on crosstalk between oxygen tension and autophagy. Future studies of this relationship should explore the developmental events governing early embryonic development to produce embryos with high developmental competence in vitro.
Ponencia - Liza Carolina Castellanos Torres - Florencia, Italia - 2015
Authors: Liza Carolina Castellanos Torres
Published: February 2021

Informe de movilidad académica, WEEF 2015 WORLD ENGINEERING EDUCATION FORUM.
Ponencia - Miguel Moreno Lugo - Santo Domingo, República Dominicana - 2015
Authors: Miguel Moreno Lugo
Published: February 2021

Informe de movilidad académica. Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC). Asistencia como ponente al Séptimo simposio internacional de Estudios Generales, organizado por la Red Internacional de Estudios Generales.
Pal-GAN: Palette-conditioned Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Balint Adam , Taylor Graham
Published: February 2021

Recent advances in Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown great progress on a large variety of tasks. A common technique used to yield greater diversity of samples is conditioning on class labels. Conditioning on high-dimensional structured or unstructured information has also been shown to improve generation results, e.g. Image-to-Image translation. The conditioning information is provided in the form of human annotations, which can be expensive and difficult to obtain in cases where domain knowledge experts are needed. In this paper, we present an alternative: conditioning on low-dimensional structured information that can be automatically extracted from the input without the need for human annotators. Specifically, we propose a Palette-conditioned Generative Adversarial Network (Pal-GAN), an architecture-agnostic model that conditions on both a colour palette and a segmentation mask for high quality image synthesis. We show improvements on conditional consistency, intersection-over-union, and Fréchet inception distance scores. Additionally, we show that sampling colour palettes significantly changes the style of the generated images.
Deep Residual Transform for Multi-scale Image Decomposition
Authors: Chen Yuhao , Wong Alexander , Fang Yuan , Wu Yifan , Xu Linlin
Published: February 2021

Multi-scale image decomposition (MID) is a fundamental task in computer vision and image processing that involves the transformation of an image into a hierarchical representation comprising of different levels of visual granularity from coarse structures to fine details. A well-engineered MID disentangles the image signal into meaningful components which can be used in a variety of applications such as image denoising, image compression, and object classification. Traditional MID approaches such as wavelet transforms tackle the problem through carefully designed basis functions under rigid decomposition structure assumptions. However, as the information distribution varies from one type of image content to another, rigid decomposition assumptions lead to inefficiently representation, i.e., some scales can contain little to no information. To address this issue, we present Deep Residual Transform (DRT), a data-driven MID strategy where the input signal is transformed into a hierarchy of non-linear representations at different scales, with each representation being independently learned as the representational residual of previous scales at a user-controlled detail level. As such, the proposed DRT progressively disentangles scale information from the original signal by sequentially learning residual representations. The decomposition flexibility of this approach allows for highly tailored representations cater to specific types of image content, and results in greater representational efficiency and compactness. In this study, we realize the proposed transform by leveraging a hierarchy of sequentially trained autoencoders. To explore the efficacy of the proposed DRT, we leverage two datasets comprising of very different types of image content: 1) CelebFaces and 2) Cityscapes. Experimental results show that the proposed DRT achieved highly efficient information decomposition on both datasets amid their very different visual granularity characteristics.
Where Should We Begin? A Low-Level Exploration of Weight Initialization Impact on Quantized Behaviour of Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Yun Stone , Wong Alexander
Published: February 2021

With the proliferation of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms for mobile processing, limited precision quantization has become an essential tool for CNN efficiency. Consequently, various works have sought to design fixed precision quantization algorithms and quantization-focused optimization techniques that minimize quantization induced performance degradation. However, there is little concrete understanding of how various CNN design decisions/best practices affect quantized inference behaviour. Weight initialization strategies are often associated with solving issues such as vanishing/exploding gradients but an often-overlooked aspect is their impact on the final trained distributions of each layer. We present an in-depth, fine-grained ablation study of the effect of different weights initializations on the final distributions of weights and activations of different CNN architectures. The fine-grained, layerwise analysis enables us to gain deep insights on how initial weights distributions will affect final accuracy and quantized behaviour. To our best knowledge, we are the first to perform such a low-level, in-depth quantitative analysis of weights initialization and its effect on quantized behaviour.
Image Scale Estimation Using Surface Textures for Quantitative Visual Inspection
Authors: Park Juan , Yeum Chul Min , Hrynyk Trevor
Published: February 2021

In this study, a learning-based scale estimation technique is proposed to enable quantitative evaluation of inspection regions. The underlying idea is that surface texture of structures (i.e. bridges or buildings) captured on images contains the scale information of the corresponding images, which is represented by pixel per physical dimension (e.g., mm, inch). This allows training a regression model that provides a relationship between surface textures on images and their corresponding scales. Deep convolutional neural network is used to extract scale-related features from the texture patches and estimate their scales. The trained model can be exploited to estimate scales for all images captured from structure surfaces that have similar textures. The capability of the proposed technique is fully demonstrated using data collected from surface textures of three different structures and achieves an overall average scale estimation error of less than 15%.
A Tool for Annotating Homographies from Hockey Broadcast Video
Authors: Walters Pascale , Fani Mehrnaz , Clausi David , Wong Alexander
Published: February 2021

In order to develop solutions for automatic ice rink localization from broadcast video, a dataset with ground truth homographies is required. Hockey broadcast video does not tend to provide camera parameters for each frame, which means that they must be gathered manually. A novel tool for collecting ground truth transforms through point correspondences between each frame and an overhead view of the ice rink is presented in this paper. Through collaboration with the users of the tool, we have added features to improve accuracy and efficiency, especially in frames with few lines on the playing surface visible. A dataset of 4,262 frames has been collected, which will be used for research into automatic camera calibration techniques.