bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study on the perception and utilisation of virtual influencers through text mining analysis: focusing on news and social media
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Lee Youjung
Published: December 2023

The virtual Influence market is gradually expanding, and its influence is growing as it provides inspiration for tastes and lifestyles. However, research on public awareness and utilisation method regarding this phenomenon is still lacking. In this respect, this research investigated issues on virtual influencers that have appeared in the news and social media over the past two years divided into two periods based on the lifting of outdoor mask mandates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frequency analysis, N-gram analysis, CONCOR analysis and sentiment analysis were conducted. Through the analysis, the current status of the use of virtual influencers in South Korea and societal perceptions were examined. Based on this, business insights regarding the utilisation of virtual influencers were derived. The analysis revealed that virtual influencers are expanding beyond advertising models to various fields such as finance, fashion, beauty. They are extending their roles to include singers and show hosts, creating economic ripple effects. Despite the increase in positive sentiment towards virtual influencers, there has been a significant decrease in media and social media mentions due to the increase of outdoor activities and related events after the pandemic. The appearance of virtual influencers has evolved to the point where expressions like 'cute', and 'pretty' are used, overcoming uncanny valley. It is assumed that people feel a sense of intimacy, experiencing emotions such as 'love', 'friendship', and 'expectation'. However, it is confirmed that negative perception related to technological anxiety when using new technology based products or services and skepticism about authenticity, implied by the word 'fake' still exist. This research can be a cornerstone for design research related to user journey or scenarios when planning services using virtual influences in the future by helping the public's perception and use of virtual influencers.
Using Project-Based Learning, a Study on the Personal Media Content Creator Design Course in Specialized High School
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Kim Min Kyeung , Nam Won Suk
Published: December 2023

In this study, the purpose of the study was to find out whether the personal media content creator design course using project-based learning methods in specialized high schools helps students improve their class effectiveness and satisfaction. Therefore, in this study, the current status of personal media content creator design education in specialized high schools was identified through literature research and fact-finding. Based on the research, a personal media content creator design course was developed. A field study was conducted through 50 third-year high school students in specialized high schools in Seoul, who were studied for about five weeks from Monday, April 1, 2023 to Tuesday, April 30, 2023. In order to evaluate the developed class process, a survey in the form of a 5-point recurred scale was analyzed for satisfaction and class effectiveness for students who participated in the post-class class. To summarize the conclusions based on this, the satisfaction level of the personal media content creator design course was high at an average of 3.92 points, proving the effectiveness of the personal media content creator design course using project-based learning methods.
Analysis of design elements of educational toys for preschool childrenaged 3~6 years old: Taking KANO-AHP model as the core
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, XU YA NAN , Lee Sung Won
Published: December 2023

Educational toys serve as effective tools for children's enlightenment education. In this paper, a novel research model called ANO-AHP is employed to analyze the design elements of educational toys. Firstly, the KANO model was utilized to analyze 18 needs of toys in order to obtain the attribute classification of the needs. Secondly, the AHP method was used to calculate the weight values of 13 demand elements in three types of demand attributes: basic must-be quality attributes (M), one-dimensional quality attributes (O) and attractiveness quality attributes (A), and the results was sorted for determine their priorities. Finally, design directions and suggestions were proposed in five aspects, such as educational function, material safety, and multiplayer game. The rank of important demand indicators precisely indicated user’s need and key point of toy design which make the design process scientific and comprehensive.
사용자 중심 디자인에 의한 반려동물용 급수기 개발에 관한 디자인 사례 연구: 중국 반려동물 산업을 중심으로
Authors:   Korea Institute of Design Research Society, Yang Cunyuan , Nah Ken
Published: December 2023

The pet market in China is growing rapidly, and the trend of sophisticated pet care is obvious. This trend has given rise to multiple market segments in the pet consumer market, among which water dispenser for pets have become an important product. Chinese pet brands have serious concerns on the water quality, but user research shows users are still concerned about the high number of micro-organisms and bacteria that may be present in the water. This study adopts an integrated design approach, user-centered design, combining research on users and markets. The market research mainly analyzes the global trends and development of the market of water dispenser for pets, as well as the improvements and innovations in water quality of well-known domestic and foreign brands. User research collects Chinese pet owners’ needs and concerns about pet water dispensers through questionnaires and interviews. Based on the results of market research and user research, combined with market trends and user behavior analysis, we proposed a smart water dispenser with a purified sewage separation system. Water contaminated by pets will be discharged into the waste water tank, ensuring that pets always have access to pure water. The design methodology proposed in this study can help designers respond to changing user needs and contribute to the continued growth of China's pet water dispenser market.
Aerodynamic Effect of Car Glass
Authors: GÖV İbrahim
Published: December 2023

In the present work, the drag force acting on a car was examined using aerodynamic analysis. A general car model was used in the analysis. While a vehicle moves, it is exposed to the drag force caused by the resistance created by the air. The drag force causes resistance to relative motion. Therefore, it directly affects the fuel consumption of the vehicle. The analyses were made at 130km/h, which is the maximum allowed speed limit of the vehicles. It was investigated how the drag force is affected when the side windows are open or closed. Studies show that the drag force generated on the vehicle is negatively affected by up to 2% when the front windows are opened and by up to 4% when the rear windows are opened.
Analysis of the causes of changes in the state of supporting metal structures of metro escalators
Authors: Dyatlov V. N.
Published: December 2023

The metro in St. Petersburg, being the main mode of transport, has 72 stations, which have 303 escalators and 30 travelators of various types. Tunnel and span escalators, due to their design features, are both a machine and a structure. The service life of a part of the escalators by the beginning of 2023 exceeded the limits set by the regulatory and technical documentation. If any components and mechanisms can be replaced during repairs of various types, the supporting metal structures, with few exceptions, continue to work in the same conditions. A clear definition of the factors infl uencing the change in the state of supporting metal structures allows us to develop qualitative methods for determining their residual life and predicting the dynamics of various processes. This set of factors can be divided conditionally into two groups: factors related to design features and factors related to operation and environmental conditions. In conclusion, it is noted that the loads transmitted to the supporting metal structure consist of a large number of components of various origins and when assessing their impact, it is necessary to take into account the quantitative accumulation of corrosion damage.
The Urgency of Adopting Regulations on Artificial Intelligence Utilization to Enhance Personal Data Protection in Indonesia
Authors: Hapriyanto Aditya Restu
Published: December 2023

The Indonesian law on data protection remains subpar since these rules are dispersed around the country and solely adhere to the main provisions of each legislation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool for safeguarding personal data and to determine whether it is necessary for the Indonesian government to adopt a specific regulation to protect personal data. A statutory approach and a comparative legal approach are used in this study. Based on the research, it suggests the Indonesian government to prioritize on adopting and enacting regulation on personal data security/protection. Utilizing AI's capabilities is another way to optimize the work put into safeguarding personal data.
Peran Dukungan Aksesibilitas Transportasi Terhadap Minat Wisatawan Tanjung Lesung Banten
Authors: Andari Tania
Published: December 2023

Pantai Tanjung Lesung merupakan salah satu pantai di Banten yang sudah cukup terkenal di kalangan wisatawan, berjarak sekitar 160 Km dari Jakarta, terletak di ujung barat Pulau Jawa tepatnya di Desa Tanjung Jaya, Kecamatan Panimbang, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Provinsi Banten. Ruang lingkup dari kajian ini berkaitan dengan identifikasi permasalahan transportasi dari dan menuju kawasan Tanjung Lesung sedangkan perumusan masalahnya adalah bagaimana pengembangan wisata apa saja yang ada di Tanjung Lesung dan bagaimana kondisi existing transportasi dari dan menuju kawasan Tanjung Lesung. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif, diharapkan menghasilkan output berupa rekomendasi pengembangan transportasi dari dan menuju Tanjung Lesung dengan outcome berupa bahan masakan guna mendukung terwujudnya pengembangan destinasi wisata Tanjung Lesung. Hasil dari analisa data menyimpulkan bahwa saat ini menuju Tanjung Lesung didukung oleh jaringan transportasi jalan, penyeberangan, kereta api, laut dan udara dengan simpul terdekat sebagai berikut: bandara terdekat adalah Bandara Soekarno Hatta, pelabuhan penyeberangan terdekat adalah Pelabuhan Merak, stasiun terdekat adalah Rangkasbitung, dan Terminal Tipe A terdekat adalah Terminal Labuan di Kota Pandeglang. Hanya saja keseluruhan moda yang tersedia belum terintegrasi dengan baik, sehingga wisatawan harus berganti moda hingga 3 kali naik angkutan umum. Berdasarkan hasil survei, KEK Tanjung Lesung dilalui ruas jalan nasional maupun provinsi. Secara umum, kondisi jaringan jalan dan jembatan yang melalui Tanjung Lesung dan sekitarnya masih memerlukan pengembangan dan perbaikan untuk menunjang aktivitas pariwisata.
Pemetaan Potensi Pariwisata di Kota Yogyakarta dalam Rangka Mewujudkan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan
Authors: Fitri Suci Emilia
Published: December 2023

Pariwisata merupakan salah satu penyumbang terbesar devisa negara. Pariwisata memiliki beragam potensi yang saat ini dimanfaatkan dan dikembangkan di banyak negara. Pasar pariwisata internasional semakin bergerak ke arah kawasan yang masih asli ke arah yang dapat diciptakan menjadi suatu destinasi baru. Tren ini membawa peluang bagi pengembangan pariwisata Indonesia karena Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan terbesar. Permasalahannya di berbagai daerah dalam mengembangkan konsep di sektor pariwisata belum memetakan berbagai kebutuhan dan pengembangan potensi daerah sehingga menjadi sebuah tantangan untuk membangun pariwisata berkelanjutan. Pariwisata berkelanjutan yang pada akhirnya akan menjaga kestabilan ekonomi di satu daerah. Kota Yogyakarta merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki potensi untuk mengembangkan pariwisata yang berkelanjutan jika dapat memetakan potensi dan mengoptimalkan sumber daya yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini memetakan aspek pendukung dan potensi pariwisata yang ada di Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mengembangkan berbagai instrumen melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi serta FGD terbatas yang diharapkan dapat menggali informasi dari informan yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat beberapa aspek yang mendukung perkembangan pariwisata di Kota Yogya di antaranya: (1) infrastruktur; (2) teknologi informasi; (3) keberlanjutan; (4) keamanan dan kenyamanan; (5) kolaborasi; (6) pendidikan kesadaran; dan (7) inklusi sosial. Selain itu terdapat juga pemetaan potensi wisata serta langkah-langkah strategis yang dapat dilakukan oleh pelaku wisata di Kota Yogyakarta.
COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF DENTAL HEALTH IN MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Abzalova Sofiya L. , Anokhina Antonina V. , Ruvinskaya Guzel R.
Published: December 2023

Students are a significant part of young people who are characterized by an active lifestyle, an enhanced psycho-emotional state, an increased academic load, often leading to deteriorated health. The state of dental health of students and the need for specialized care are of particular interest. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive assessment of dental students' dental status and determination of the need for specialized care. Material and methods. 50 dental students (19 men and 31 women) of Kazan universities aged 18–33 years were examined. A clinical dental examination of students was conducted, the results of which were recorded in a purposely designed "Dental examination card of a student". Study results. 4 students (8%) with intact hard tooth tissues were identified. The proportion of students who need oral cavity sanitation was 50%, 36% of them need endodontic treatment. The intensity of caries according to the CFE index in girls was 5.34±0.2 points, in boys – 6.01±0.7 points. Gum condition according to index (GI) of H. Loe and S. Silness = 1.4+0.11 points. In the course of assessing the severity of functional disorders on the part of the masticatory apparatus, an express method was used – the Hamburg examination (2000), which revealed the percentage (60%) of dysfunctions on the part of the ­temporomandibular joint. Violations in occlusal ratios of varying severity were detected in a quarter of the examined. The percentage of examined patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction was 60%, the ratio of frontal teeth in the sagittal plane – disocclusion – 26%, reverse incisal disocclusion was 2%, deep incisal occlusion – 20%. Conclusions. The results of the survey revealed the need of students in dental (including orthodontic) curation.
METHODS OF RADIATION DIAGNOSTICS IN EXAMINATION OF PREGNANT WOMEN AT DIFFERENT GESTATIONAL AGE
Authors: Vozgoment Alena O. , Doroshenko Dmitry A. , Zubareva Elena A. , Chigvintsev Vladimir M.
Published: December 2023

Currently, due to a variety of radiation examination methods, the question arises about the safety of fetal health when choosing a method of examination for pregnant women. The purpose of the review is to analyze and evaluate current data concerning the opportunities of using X–ray and magnetic resonance examinations in pregnant women at different gestational age, taking into account minimization of possible adverse effects. Materials and methods. Domestic and foreign sources of literature from 1987 to 2022 were used, they were taken from electronic libraries of scientific publications and medical databases, in particular "CyberLeninka", "Google Academy", "ScienceResearch", Elibrary.ru and PubMed. The review included the sources relevant to the topic of this review, which were searched using keywords such as pregnancy, radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, ionizing radiation, fetus, scintigraphy, radiation diagnostics, dose absorbed by the fetus, ultrasound diagnostics and positron emission tomography, with the exception of sources that did not mention the influence of certain diagnostic methods directly on the pregnant woman and the fetus. Study results. Ionizing radiation represents the greatest danger during embryo implantation (the first 2-3 weeks of pregnancy), as well as during organogenesis (from the 5th to the 8th week of pregnancy), when the anlage and development of the main organs and systems occur. MRI throughout the gestation period is preferable to any other study using ionizing radiation, but during the first trimester of pregnancy, a careful, reasonable and balanced approach to the use of MRI is necessary if there are indications and there are no alternative diagnostic methods. Conclusions. If there is a threat to life, there are no absolute contraindications to examination by radiation methods of pregnant women at any gestation period; however, it is always necessary to adhere to the principle when the potential benefit of the study will exceed its possible risk.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING WITH DYNAMIC CONTRASTING IN ASSESSING THE CONDITION OF BREAST SCARS AFTER INTERVENTIONS FOR BENIGN PATHOLOGY
Authors: Busygina Olga V. , Tukhbatullin Munir G. , Pasynkov Dmitry V.
Published: December 2023

The lifetime probability of surgical interventions on mammary glands for benign pathology is approximately 4.8%, i.e. approximately they are performed in every 20th woman. At this, it is known that surgical interventions on organs containing an epithelial component significantly increase the risk of epithelial malignant tumors developing in them. The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the mammary glands with dynamic contrasting in identifying malignant transformation of breast scars after surgical interventions on it for benign pathology. Materials and methods. The study involved 63 patients aged 47.35±7.33 years who underwent breast surgery for benign pathology 1.5 years – 30 years before breast MRI was performed. Breast MRI with dynamic contrasting was performed using a Siemens Amira system (Germany) with a magnetic field intensity of 1.5 T. Study results. Morphological analysis: four types of morphological changes were identified during MRI in the area of previously performed intervention: 1) type 1 (thin-walled cavity / seroma; 5 out of 63; 7.94%; 0 cases of breast cancer); 2) type 2 (thin linear scar; 27 out of 63; 42.86%; 2 cases of breast cancer); 3) type 3 (mass lesion; 5 out of 63; 7.94%; 3 cases of breast cancer); 4) type 4 (fat necrosis; 26 out of 63; 41.30%; 1 case of breast cancer). Contrasting dynamics: 36 (57.14%) of 63 patients were noted to have contrast accumulation in the scar area. ACR type I of the kinetic curve (slow gradual accumulation of contrast) was observed in 10 out of 28 cases (35.71%) and in all cases corresponded to benign changes. ACR type II (rapid initial contrasting and plateau in the delayed phase) occurred in 10 out of 36 (27.78%) patients, of whom 2 had breast cancer. ACR type III (rapid initial contrasting and washout in the delayed phase) occurred in 13 of 36 (36.11%) patients, of whom 3 had breast cancer verified. Conclusions. The overall sensitivity of MRI with dynamic contrasting in detecting malignant transformation of scars in the mammary gland was 80%, specificity was 85.9%, the prognostic value of a positive result was 30.8%, the prognostic value of a negative result was 98.2%.
THE PROBLEM OF MOTIVATION IN CIVIL SERVANTS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Antonovskaya Elena A. , Lavrentieva Svetlana V.
Published: December 2023

Currently, the civil service is receding into the background in the opinion of promising qualified personnel due to a large number of restrictions and low wages, in this regard, there is an outflow of employees from the civil service to the commercial sector, where wages are much higher. This problem requires a lot of attention, since it is the professionalism of the state apparatus staff that will determine the effectiveness of their activities, which will directly affect the socio-economic development of the state. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations to improve the ways of motivating civil servants in Russia based on the analysis of the Russian motivation system and foreign experience in stimulating civil servants. Materials and methods. The work used analytical and expert methods, comparative legal analysis, generalization of Russian and foreign experience in stimulating the work of civil servants. Materials of legislative acts, scientific literature, and expert publications were used in the study of the incentive system. Study results. The article analyzes material and non-material methods of motivating civil servants, it examines the reform carried out in the Russian Federation in the field of monetary maintenance of civil servants. The salary structure of civil servants in foreign countries and in the Russian Federation is analyzed, the possibility of introducing a similar foreign system into the Russian public sector wage system is considered. Reforming the remuneration system is important in motivating civil servants; therefore, at the state level the work is underway to improve the salaries of civil servants. To date, the basis for reforming the monetary maintenance of civil servants is made by an increase in the fixed part in their salary structure, while financing the increase in the fixed part will be carried out at the expense of budgetary funds. In general, according to experts, this should revitalize the personnel in the civil service of the Russian Federation, which will increase the efficiency of public administration and stimulate the human resources potential in public authorities. Problems in the system of motivation of civil servants of the Russian Federation were also identified and mechanisms were developed to help solve them. Conclusions. The article proposes measures to improve the methods of motivating civil servants used in Russia, which can affect the quality and efficiency of their work, and the analysis of mutual influence of the proposed incentive methods will make the management process in a public authority more effective, this should lead to increased motivation and involvement of civil servants in order to retain them in public service.
CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS CHARACTERIZING DECARBONIZATION PROCESSES IN THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Ladykova Tatiana I.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of decarbonization processes in the Russian Federation based on cluster analysis using machine learning methods. The purpose of the study is to assess decarbonization processes in the subjects and federal districts of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. The information basis of the study consists of statistical data from Rosstat for the period 2000-2021 for 82 subjects of the Russian Federation, federal districts, the cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sevastopol and the Russian Federation as a whole. In the process of the proposed study, correlation and cluster analysis was carried out ("k-means" methods and determining the median indicators of each cluster). Estimate indicators of the ratio of GRP to the level of atmospheric air pollution and the level of water bodies’ pollution were used as determining indicators. Results. Based on the analysis, 7 clusters were identified, differing from each other by levels of the main aspects of decarbonization. The first cluster includes 5 subjects (brief description – maximum fresh water per capita, minimum emissions per capita, average carbonisation level), the second – 43 subjects (minimum emissions, minimum discharge and minimum carbonisation of GRP by air), the third – 8 subjects (maximum discharge and maximum carbonisation of GRP by water), in the fourth – 22 subjects (minimum of fresh water), in the fifth – 2 subjects (significant maximum of carbonisation by air and maximum positive balance between capture and emissions), in the sixth – 4 subjects (balance of capture and emissions, minimum carbonisation of GRP by water, minimum discharge and maximum emissions) and the seventh cluster included 12 subjects of the Russian Federation (maximum efficiency of water resources use). Cluster analysis has shown that about half of the subjects of the Russian Federation are characterized by minimum of emissions, minimum of discharge and minimum of GRP carbonisation by air. Conclusions. The conducted cluster analysis of decarbonization processes in the subjects of the Russian Federation makes it possible to conclude that most of the subjects are characterized by efficient use of water resources. There are also subjects with opposite extremes in air and water (maximum emissions and minimum use of fresh water per capita and vice versa). In addition, in the aspect of decarbonization of the Russian economy, it can be concluded that water resources per capita in the subjects of the Russian Federation are used more efficiently than air resources.
ISSUES OF PROTECTING CITIZENS' RIGHTS IN THE FIELD OF FINANCIAL SERVICES
Authors: Timofeeva Tatiana F. , Skuratova Inna N.
Published: December 2023

Today, in the Russian Federation, situations of violating the rights and interests of consumers of financial services are quite often allowed, which negatively affects the economic situation of citizens and undermines confidence in the banking system of the state. The purpose of the study is to analyze the judicial practice and to develop recommendations for consumers of savings services and services on providing borrowed (credit) funds, compliance with which will significantly reduce the risks arising from concluding and executing bank deposit and loan agreements. Materials and methods. The materials of the reports made for the International Confederation of Consumer Societies on the state of protecting the rights and interests of consumers of the savings services market in Russia were used. General and specific methods were used as research methods, including system-legal, logical, structural-functional ones and others. Study results. Based on the analysis of modern legislation, law enforcement and judicial practice of the Russian Federation, the authors have identified the most typical violations of consumer rights in the market of savings services and services for providing borrowed (credit) funds. Of particular interest are cases related to toughening the requirements for personal identification and security of banking operations in the context of digitalization of the economy, which cannot but affect traditional procedures for processing and withdrawing funds under a bank deposit agreement. The article analyses the most common situations of violating the rights and legitimate interests of consumers of savings services and services for providing borrowed (credit) funds in Russia during execution of bank deposit agreements and loan agreements. The issues that require regulation in order to avoid violation of the rights and interests of the parties to the above-mentioned agreements have been studied. Recommendations are also proposed to reduce risks when implementing protection of savings services consumers, which was the ultimate goal of the study. Conclusions. Realization of the citizens' constitutional right to judicial protection of banking services, on the one hand, reveals acute and obvious problems in this area, on the other hand, contributes to optimization of banking and civil legislation. In the context of financial services digitalization, the interests of citizens are not sufficiently protected. However, solution to the problem should be comprehensive, since cases of cybercrime are often associated with mobile communications; therefore, they depend on the effectiveness of control and supervision in this area. It is important to provide the consumer with preliminary structured information that enables him to realistically assess the risks and, on this basis, make a well-founded decision about opening or managing an account.
Yabani Kuşlarda Termofilik Kampilobakterler ve Halk Sağlığı Açısından Önemi
Authors: SEDGHİ Nima , DİREN SIĞIRCI Belgi
Published: December 2023

Kampilobakteriyoz, gıda kaynaklı, bakteriyel zoonotik enfeksiyonların önde gelen nedenlerinden biridir. Kampilobakterler normalde klinik hastalıklara neden olmadan birçok kuş türünün bağırsaklarında bulunan bir etkendir ve kuşlar rezervuardır. Buna bağlı olarak insanlar ve evcil hayvanlar için potansiyel bir infeksiyon kaynağı olarak önem teşkil etmektedir. Çevre kuş dışkıları ile kontamine olabilir ve buradan da tarım alanlarına, su yüzeylerine, insan faaliyet bölgelerine, çiftlik ve evcil hayvanlara bulaşabilir. Halk sağlığı açısından önemine rağmen, bu hastalığın yabani kuşlardaki durumu ve yabani kuşlardan evcil hayvanlara ve insanlara bulaşma olasılığı henüz net olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Antimikrobiyal direnç, küresel halk sağlığı için artan bir tehdit olarak kabul edilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda yabani ve yerleşik yaşayan kuşlarda antibiyotik dirençli kampilobakter suşları bulunmuş ve bunun çevresel kontaminasyonda potansiyel bir risk olduğu belirtilmiştir.
Bir Kedide Görülen Adenokarsinom Olgusu
Authors: KAYAPINAR Sema Dilan , HAN Mehmet Cengiz , ÇEVİK Aydın
Published: December 2023

Tümörler hücrelerin kontrolsüz bir şekilde çoğalması ve maruz kalma etkenlerinin ortadan kalkması durumunda da gelişimini devam ettiren yeni doku üremeleridir. Evcil hayvanlarda tümör olguları gittikçe artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada bir kedide adenokarsinom olgusunun sunumu amaçlanmıştır. Dokuz yaşındaki dişi bir kedide, göğüs bölgesinde lokalize olmuş bir oluşumla karşılaşıldı. Yapılan klinik muayenede 3 cm uzunluğunda ve 2 cm genişliğinde bir kitle olduğu tespit edildi. Yapılan muayenede şişliğin sert, dip kısmının loblu olduğu ve kas içerisine invaze olduğu hissedildi. Genel anestezi altında total olarak ekstirpe edilen kitle patolojik olarak incelendi. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda alınan kitlenin adenokarsinom dokusu olduğu ortaya konuldu. Tümör hücrelerinin bezsel yapılar oluşturduğu, bu bezlerin etrafında yer yer bağ dokudan oluşan stroma ile çevrili olduğu dikkati çekti.
Effect of Taurine and Caffeine on Spatial Memory in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Owoyele Bamidele , Alashi Yemisi ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Oyewole Aboyeji ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Published: December 2023

There is an increase in the production and consumption of caffeine and taurine beverages tagged as energy drinks. This study was therefore undertaken to investigate the effect of co-administration of caffeine and taurine on memory in Wistar rats. Fifty-four adult Wistar rats were divided into nine groups of six animals and treatments were as follows: Group 1 (10 ml/kg normal saline), Group 2 (100 mg/kg taurine), Group 3 (200 mg/kg taurine), Group 4 (taurine plus furosemide; 20 mg/kg), Group 5 (taurine plus nifedipine; 10 mg/kg), Group 6 (taurine plus caffeine), Group 7 (7.5 mg/kg caffeine), Group 8 (15 mg/kg caffeine) and Group 9 (taurine plus nifedipine plus furosemide plus caffeine). Treatment was once daily for 21 days, after which long term spatial memory of pretreatment training in Morris Water Maze was tested. Histological study was done using haematoxylin and eosin stains on hippocampus tissues harvested from the brain of one animal in each group. The results showed that there was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in time taken to find and mount the escape platform compared with the control. This was with the exception of the group co-treated with caffeine and taurine. Histological studies showed normal cell morphology, arrangement and distribution in the hippocampus. There was increased in the number of cells in the hippocampus of the animals given taurine (200 mg/kg) plus caffeine (15 mg/kg), and caffeine (15 mg/kg). In conclusion, at the doses used, co-administration of caffeine and taurine has no significant effects on spatial memory, however the separate use of caffeine or taurine proved to have capacity to enhance spatial memory.
Teratogenic Effect of Artesunate on the Morphometric Parameters of the Body and Developing Olfactory Bulb of Wistar Rats Following Maternal Oral Administration
Authors:   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Musa Sunday , Kwado Getrude ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Ivang Andrew ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Omoniyi Akinyemi ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Ibegbu Augustine ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Published: December 2023

Artesunate an antimalarial drug has been reported to cause irreversible brain damage in experimental rats, and to cause other toxic effects like haemolysis and neutropenia. This study was conducted to investigate the morphometric teratogenic effect of the antimalarial agent artesunate (ARTS) on the developing olfactory bulb of Wistar rats following maternal oral administration. A total of 16 virgin female and 8 male Wistar rats weighing 150 g were used for this study. The oestrous cycle of the female rats were determined and at the proestrous phase they were allowed to mate with the male overnight. Pregnant rats were administered ARTS daily from gestational day 8-12 via oral gavages, at test doses of 0, 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg (4 females per group). The results showed significant reduction in the crown-rump length, hind-limb length, fore-limb length and organ-body weight ratio in the pups. There was significant decrease in the length, width, thickness, and weight of the olfactory bulb at <0.001, which was dose dependent, with more effect on the 8 mg/kg group than in the 2 mg/kg group. The effect of artesunate was dose dependent, and has been shown to significantly decrease the crown-rump length, fore-limb length, hind-limb length, and organ body weight ratio of the pups and it also significantly decreased the weight, length, thickness and width of the olfactory bulb with no observable adverse effect level to the 2 mg/kg/day group, thus ARTS might affect embryo and foetal development.
Determination of Selected Trace Elements in the Cerebrum of Rat Pups (Rattus norvegicus) Following Prenatal Ethanol Gavage
Authors:   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Iliya Ibrahim , Murdakai Tanko ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Akpulu Stephen ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Mayaki Samuel ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Sambo Sekina ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Omoniyi Akinyemi ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
Published: December 2023

Of all the potential substances of abuse, ethanol (alcohol) is one of the most readily available. Most adults regularly or occasionally consume it. The most tragic effect of ethanol is on the central nervous system particularly during pregnancy. To assess this effect 6 pregnantly-timed dams divided into 3 groups were ingested with experimental equivalent concentrations of ethanol: low (8% v/v), medium (15% v/v) and high (45% v/v) via oro-gastric intubation procedure. A separate group was fed distilled water via same route. Administration of ethanol was done in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of the rat gestational period. After natural delivery, cerebral tissues were obtained by dissection after a light anaesthesia followed by decapitation. The samples were analyzed for trace elements via an Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis method (INAA) with the aid of a Nigerian Nuclear Research Reactor (NNRR-1). One way ANOVA was used to analyze the results at p<0.05. Game Howell and Tukey HSD post-hoc tests were used to check for the difference. Ca, Cu, Fe, Rb, Se, Zn, Na, Al and K were detected and quantified accordingly. Mean relative tissue concentrations for Cu, Rb, Zn, K and Al trace elements showed changes that were statistically significant at p<0.05 when compared to the normal control. No significant difference was found for Na, Fe, Se and Ca. Results from this study showed the teratogenic potential of ethanol on the developing cerebrum.
Moringa oleifera is Protective against Microarchitectural and Neurochemical Changes Associated with Cuprizone-Induced Prefrontal Cortex Neurotoxicity in Female Wistar Rats
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Omotoso Gabriel , Gbadamosi Ismail ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Akinlolu Adelaja ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Ameen Mubarak ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Kadir Risikat ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Jaji-Sulaimon Rukayat ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Abdulwahab Ahmad ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria, Kolo Rhoda ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Published: December 2023

Cuprizone administration causes selective damage to axonal myelin sheath and has been used to model demyelinating diseases in neuroscience research. This study aimed at determining the protective effects of Moringa oleifera on cuprizone-induced neurotoxicity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Sixteen adult female Wistar rats were procured and grouped into 4: Group A was given normal saline, Group B received 0.4% cuprizone diet, Group C was administered with 1.875 mg/ml of Moringa oleifera and Group D received a combination of 0.4% cuprizone diet and 1.875 mg/ml of Moringa oleifera. All the groups were treated orally for 35 consecutive days after which they were sacrificed. Thereafter the PFC was processed for histological demonstration, while tissue homogenate was used to assay the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Cuprizone administration caused significant reduction in body weight and SOD activities. It also caused an alteration in the microarchitecture and Nissl profile of the PFC. Moringa oleifera intervention led to restoration of body weight, SOD levels, Nissl profile and the histology of the PFC. The use of preparations of Moringa oleifera, especially the leaf-component, could offer some protective measures to individuals suffering from demyelinating conditions, especially in addressing the associated weight changes and frontocortical dysfunction.
KOMBUCHA CELLULOSE GROWTH COMPARISON: UTILIZING BRANDED TEA FOR ACCELERATING ARCHITECTURAL BIOMATERIAL PRODUCTION IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Architecture Study Program, Universitas Tarumanagara, Lianto Fermanto , Trisno Rudy ,   Architecture Study Program, Universitas Tarumanagara, Husin Denny ,   Architecture Study Program, Universitas Tarumanagara
Published: December 2023

One of the most recent phenomenal biomaterial trends is produced by kombucha. Its cellulose becomes viral once it is experimented on as a synthetic fabric in architectural and fashion products. The uttermost issues still lie on the unstable layer and larger plane production, while most experimentation goes slow on organic processes. Kombucha cellulose production depends on the quality of 3 fundamental materials such as tea, sugar, and water. Growing on the surface of a liquid, the most challenging problem is media sensitivity towards the surrounding environment, as it reflects cellulose productivity. The debates involve a critique of the utilization of high-quality material that generally does not impact the cellulose building, even if producing a more delicious tea. However, the traditional home-brewed technique is still dominant in most places, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This paper aims to suggest a reasonable material shift in traditional fermentation, especially for improving kombucha cellulose thickness, which is core in biomaterial production. A comparison is presented to compare kombucha cellulose productions using better quality ingredients. The kombucha is fermented under a natural tropic storing environment: a temperature between 26°C-30°C in a dark room and a humidity of 60%. An initiated sugar composition of 10%, a pH between 3-5.5, with final alcohol less than 5%. A variation of mixtures is introduced to verify stable cellulose productivity. A compilation of measurements is taken in 3 consecutive weeks to reveal the growth pattern. The result is a maximal range of thickness growth and a stable and productive layer of kombucha cellulose.
Improving Corporate Shared Value to Reach Competitive Advantage in Banking Industry
Authors:   Master of Business Administration, School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia, Maheswari Alivia Hasnanda Sakina , Rudito Bambang ,   Master of Business Administration, School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Published: December 2023

This research delves into the integration of Corporate Shared Value (CSV) within the banking industry, focusing on its role in fostering competitive advantage particularly in developing countries, with a certain emphasis on Indonesia. It scrutinizes the strategic implementation and effectiveness of CSV practices, contributes to both social impact and profitability, especially in the context of PT Bank XYZ. The study investigates Bank XYZ’s innovative initiatives, including the ‘Enhance Young MSMEs’ program, aimed at empowering Indonesian MSMEs. This program supports scale up to international market, digital transformation, modern practices, branding enhancement and financial literacy, aligning with Indonesia’s ‘Emas 2045’ vision. The research employs a combination of literature review and qualitative analysis, including interviews with Bank XYZ representative and MSME participants, to understand CSV’s role in banking and its impact on competitive advantage in developing countries.
Job Cat Egory Prioritization and Selection in PT.MAI 88 Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Authors:   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Alttha Ikhsan Muhammad , Siallagan Manahan Parlindungan Saragih ,   School of Business and Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung
Published: December 2023

PT. MAI 88, one of the government company divisions in the Pekanbaru City which operates in the fields of Public Works, Spatial Planning, Housing, Settlement Areas and Land. PT.MAI 88 experienced difficulties, namely that material resources were not allocated properly. With the main aim of prioritizing the procurement of goods for road and bridge construction maintenance, this research focuses on one of the uses of Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM), namely the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the ranking of each construction goods procurement job. The AHP method itself has been discussed with stakeholders involved in the project. It has four categories and thirteen subcategories that have been determined and lead to 12 job alternatives. The results of the AHP show that the criteria with the highest weight starts from Urgency followed by Public Satisfaction, Quality, and Cost Management. Then for the Sub criteria with the highest weight, namely Reports from local public, followed by Traffic Management, Long-term Durability and Reliability, Compliance with specifications and Standards, Labor Cost, Public Safety, Rent Construction Equipment, Resources Availability, Material Cost, Public Engagement and Communication, Stakeholder Expectations, Ease of Installation and Integration, and finally Subcontractor Cost. The alternatives with the highest weight are Procurement of Road Signs, Procurement of “Urugan Pilihan”, Procurement of Base A Stones, Procurement of Base B Stones, Procurement of Several Construction Equipment, Procurement of Asphalt Concrete Binder Course, Procurement of Non-subsidized diesel fuel , Procurement of Dump Truck, Procurement of Binder Absorbent layer, Procurement of material for Culvert Channels and Boxes, Procurement of Construction Retaining Wall, Procurement of Cementation Work.
Data-Driven Decision Making: Financial and Risk Analysis on Equipment Procurement at PT ABC Using Predictive Data Estimation, NPV Analysis, Owner Estimate, and Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors:   School of Business Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Firdaus Ahmad Rizki , Sumirat Erman ,   School of Business Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Hakam Dzikri Firmansyah ,   School of Business Management, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Published: December 2023

This research delves into strategic financial management solutions for PT ABC during the COVID-19 pandemic, concentrating on the procurement of vital airport equipment. It examines the feasibility of securing essential equipment such as ARFF vehicles, X-ray machines, ambulances, and narcotics & explosive detectors amidst financial challenges. Utilizing financial models like predictive data estimation, Net Present Value (NPV) analysis, owner estimates, and Monte Carlo simulations, the study evaluates risk probabilities and distributions linked to different procurement strategies. The research underscores the pandemic’s profound impact on the global aviation sector, notably the steep decline in passenger traffic and resulting financial strains on PT ABC. Facing stringent regulatory obligations and the urgent need for equipment upgrade, the study investigates cost-effective procurement avenues, weighing the benefits of leasing against purchasing, given the company’s constrained cash flow. The study navigates through the challenges of limited RFI data and internal corporate regulations that restrict leasing durations. It provides a detailed financial analysis to pinpoint the most economical vendors and procurement approaches, leveraging owner estimates as a negotiation tool. Risk evaluation is conducted via Monte Carlo simulation, offering insights into the likelihood and impact of procurement-related risks. Concluding, the research finds that PT ABC can best manage its procurement needs by opting for leasing over buying. This approach aligns with the company’s financial strategy amidst the crisis, allowing for the acquisition of necessary equipment within financial limits. The study identifies Vendor A for ARFF vehicles, Vendor D for X-ray machines, Vendor E for ambulances, and Vendor G for narcotics & explosive detectors as the most cost-effective choices. Leasing, particularly on a 3-year term, emerges as the most viable financial option, in compliance with PT ABC’s internal regulations and operational requirements. Utilizing owner estimates for negotiations ensures more cost-effective procurement. The Monte Carlo simulation proves invaluable in evaluating procurement risks, indicating a higher risk associated with buying than leasing. This research aids PT ABC in strategic decision-making for equipment procurement, offering lessons for the broader aviation sector navigating post-pandemic recovery.