bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promoting Good Corporate Governance in Local Authorities through Dimensions of Internal Audit. A Case Study of Harare, Bulawayo, and Mutare City Councils
Authors: Magweba Loice , Nyoni Josphat , Dandira Martin , Semente Efigenia , du Plessis Davy Julian
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to create an accounting-auditing framework that supports good corporate governance in local authorities in Zimbabwe. The study was driven by the low corporate governance index in all Zimbabwean local administrations. Low index contributed to inadequate service delivery in all Zimbabwean authorities. Existing literature shows that some elements of the internal audit may be used to enhance corporate governance in local authorities. It was against this background that this study sought to determine the extent to which some elements of the internal audit may be used to promote corporate governance. Pragmatism research philosophy guided the study. Due to this philosophy, mixed research design was used. The study examined the relationship between internal auditing pillars and corporate governance in local authorities using an explanatory research design. Data was gathered from internal auditing members at three local government and Accounting Association of Zimbabwe members A probability and non-probability sampling strategies were utilized to create 250 participants. The quantitative data was analysed using regression, and correlation. Qualitative data was analysed using the thematic approach. The study found that internal auditing dimensions, including audit committee, audit quality, and consulting role of internal audit, are crucial for the promotion of good corporate governance in local authorities. The study revealed that increasing the scope of internal audit to include three dimensions is crucial for building strong corporate practices in local authorities. The study found that improving the effectiveness of the three internal audit dimensions involves focusing on moderating factors such as audit committee independence, accounting experience/professional capacities, size of the audit committee, funding of internal auditing processes, internal audit staff competences, and stakeholder engagement. The study found that the three internal audit dimensions and six moderating factors can serve as a framework for local authorities to enhance good corporate governance. To promote excellent corporate governance, local authorities should adapt and expand their internal auditing operations and procedures to effectively develop and use the three dimensions and moderating elements in enhancing good corporate governance in addition to their traditional finance controlling mandate. The study suggests that local authorities adopt the presented framework which focuses on three pillars and 6 moderating variables. Future research may examine the framework’s effectiveness in other local authorities not included in this study.
Lift Every Voice in Tech: Co-designed Recommendations to Support Black Workers and Learners Seeking to Enter and Advance in Technology Industry Career Pathways
Authors: Carter Bria , Jacobs Britney , Shah Zohal , Aso-Hernandez Chioma
Published: June 2024

This report outlines recommendations for technology industry collaborators to improve access to non-four-year degree career pathways and address systemic barriers within the technology learning and workforce ecosystem. It emphasizes the importance of employers and training providers continuously listening to and actively responding to the needs of workers and learners, advocating for collaborative partnerships that include these groups at the core. By focusing on historically excluded communities, such as Black workers, the report aims to 1) facilitate the creation and implementation of accessible pathways to tech careers, 2) promote diverse talent acquisition, retention, and economic progress, and 3) foster inclusive innovation and global competitiveness.
Oğuz Kağan’da Derin Ekoloji Açısından “Doğa ve İnsan”
Authors: Atasever Muhammet
Published: June 2024

İlkel zamanlardan modern zamanlara değin insanoğlu, hayat sürdüğü hemen her çağ ve mekânda, sair canlı ve cansızları; görece idare edilmesi, üzerinde söz söylenmesi, yönlendirilmesi ve yönetilmesi gereken nesneler olarak görmüştür. Öteki olanları, hususen Endüstri Devrimi ile birlikte artan bir hızla kendi tasarrufunca kullanmış, evrende diğer varlıkların da söz hakkı ve temelde yaşam hakkı olduğunu unutmuştur. İnsanın bu egoist tutumu, sınırları yerküreyi aşan, uzay boşluğuna varan; hatta görece diğer gezegenlere dahi sıçrayan bir ekolojik çarpıklığı, kirliliği ve yok oluşu beraberinde getirmiştir. Ekoeleştiri, insanın benmerkezci tavrı ve neticelerine bir karşı çıkış hareketidir. Söz konusu itirazın temelinde ise; dünyamız, bünyesinde barındırdıkları ile bir bütündür savı yatar. Disiplinlerarası bir kuram olan Çevreci Eleştiriye göre varlık alemi, doğrudan yahut dolaylı olarak birbirleri ile iletişim hâlindedir. İnsan, kendisini salt özne sayarak ayrıştırıp diğer yeryüzü sakinlerini kontrol altına alınması gerekenler gibi görüp ötekileştiremez. Yeryüzünde hacmi ile yer tutan her nesneyi; cinsiyet, ırk, sınıf ve tür ayrımına tabi tutmadan kabul etmenin ve kolektif yaşamın gerekliliğini savunan Ekoeleştirinin edebî olana bakan penceresi Derin Ekoloji ise, esasen yazın dünyasında var ve var olacak yazınsal yaratmaların kâinata bakış açısı ve zikredilen yaratmalarda yerkürelilerin oturtulduğu konum ile ilgilenir. Derin Ekolojinin inceleme alanına giren ve işaret ettiği, ekosistem farkındalığı ile ortaya konan çağdaş edebî mahsullerin yanında, milletlerin kendi kadim kültürlerine ait yazılı ve sözlü halk anlatılarının, çevreci bilinç oluşturma adına, eğitimsel süreçlerde işe koşulup koşulamayacağının sorgulandığı bu çalışmada, canlı ve cansız hemen tüm varlığı kutsayan Oğuz Türkünün insan ötesine bakışı, Oğuz Kağan Destanı özelinde, Derin Ekoloji perspektifinden ele alınmıştır.
Çocuk Dilinden Uyarlanan Sözcüklerin Türkçeye Kazandırılması
Authors: Özen Eratalay Sevda
Published: June 2024

Gelişimin önemli aşamalarından biri olan ve henüz bebeklik çağında oluşmaya başlayan dil, karmaşık bir yapıya sahiptir. Bu karmaşık yapı insanoğlu tarafından, zamanla, belirli ilke ve yöntemler dâhilinde değiştirilip geliştirilmiştir. İnsanı diğer canlılardan ayıran önemli özelliklerden biri de dile özgü bu kuralları kullanabilme kabiliyetidir. Eğitim almaksızın, doğal ortamda şekillenip olgunlaşan dilin, işleyişi de her zaman merak konusu olmuştur. Dilin doğuşu, gelişimi ve edinimi üzerine uzun yıllardır önemli çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Söz konusu çalışmalardan biri de çocuk dili üzerine yapılan araştırmalardır. Titizlik ve sabır gerektiren bu çalışmalar; aile, çevre, akran, okul ve iş birliği içerisinde bazı kişi ya da kurumlarla gerçekleştirilebilir. Söz varlığı çalışmaları da bugün üzerinde oldukça kafa yorulan alanlardan biri olup dille ilgili bazı soruların cevaplandırılması noktasında önem taşımaktadır. Bir dilin söz ve sözcük hazinesi olarak tanımlanan söz varlığı, insanoğlunun konuşma dilinde kullandığı sözcüklerden meydana gelmektedir. Bu sözcükler kimi zaman tarihsel süreçte unutulmuş ve yeniden hayat bulmuş kimi zaman da insanın ihtiyacı doğrultusunda türetilen özgün sözcüklerden oluşmaktadır. Dil yaratıcılığı temelinde yeni yapı ve sözcüklerin hemen her yaş grubundaki kişiler tarafından türetildiği bilinmektedir. Söz varlığına katkı sunma ve araştırmalara farklı bakış açısı getirme bağlamında ele alınan çalışmada dil edinimi ve dil kullanımı çerçevesinde, çocukların da yardımıyla, bazı soruların cevap bulacağı umut edilmektedir. Bir dilin söz varlığı, çocuk dilinden alıntılanan sözcüklerle de zenginleştirilebilir. Bu bağlamda çalışma, çocukların türettiği sözcüklerin tespiti üzerinedir. Çünkü çocuk zihninin yaratıcı gücü ve çocuğun, bir dili kendi kurallarına uydurma becerisi oldukça başarılıdır. Uzun uğraş gerektiren ve sabır isteyen böylesi araştırmalara katkı sunmak amacıyla ele alınan çalışma, çocuklarda dil edinimi gibi önemli bir araştırmanın sadece bir yönünü oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma, bugün 20 yaşın üzerinde olan çocukların da dâhil olduğu bir çalışma olup onların 2-6 yaş aralığında kendi dil evreninde yarattığı sözcüklerin tespiti bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Bugün 20 yaşın üzerinde olan bu çocukların sözcükleri, ailelerin görüşü doğrultusunda elde edilmiştir. Ailelerin gözlemleriyle elde edilen ve görüşme neticesinde kayıt altına alınan diğer sözcüklerle birlikte toplam 20 farklı çocuktan 23 sözcük tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma, çocukların telaffuz etmede sıkıntı yaşadığı ses ya da sözcüklerden çok yabancı kökenli sözcüğe Türkçe karşılık bulma bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Örneğin salyangoz çocuğun dil yaratıcılığı neticesinde “kıtır”, telefon “konuşacak”, spor ayakkabı “koşkoş ayakkabı”, tırnak makası “kıt kıt”, helikopter “hoptayay”, raket “topatar”a dönüşmüştür.
2003-2024 Yılları Arasında Geometrik Düşünme Düzeyleri Üzerine Yapılmış Lisansüstü Tezlerin İçerik Analizi
Authors: Divrik Ramazan , Erenler Muzaffer
Published: June 2024

Araştırmanın amacı, 2003-2024 yılları arasında Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilen lisansüstü tezlerin geometrik düşünme düzeyleri üzerindeki eğilimlerini çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelemektir. Doküman analizi yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın verileri, toplamda 92 lisansüstü tezden elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Tezler, türüne, yayın yılına, hazırlandığı üniversite ve anabilim dalına, konu alanına, kullanılan yönteme, araştırma desenine, çalışma grubuna, veri toplama aracına ve veri analizine göre on başlık altında sınıflandırılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre, yüksek lisans tezlerinin doktora tezlerine göre daha fazla olduğu ve en yoğun araştırmanın 2023 yılında gerçekleştirildiği gözlemlenmiştir. Lisansüstü tezlerin belirli üniversitelerde ve matematik ile ilköğretim anabilim dallarında yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Başarı, tutum, uzamsal yetenek, kalıcılık gibi konu başlıklarının en fazla tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemleri arasında benzer bir çalışma sayısının olduğu ve bununla birlikte durum çalışması ve tarama araştırma desenlerinin en sık tercih edilenler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En fazla çalışmanın ortaokul düzeyinde olduğu ve en az çalışmanın ilkokul düzeyinde gerçekleştirildiği bulunmuştur. Veri toplama araçları olarak test, ölçek, görüşme formu ve veri analiz tekniği olarak t testi, ANOVA, içerik analizi ve betimsel analiz tekniğinin sıklıkla kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir.
Amasya’ya Özgü Olan Erhani Gümüş İşlemesinin Usta Çırak İlişkisi Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Kuşdemir Orhan Fatih , Hakan Buse
Published: June 2024

Erhani gümüş işlemeciliği, adını Erhan Şimşek’ten alan ve Amasya’ya ait olan bir zanaattır. Erhan Şimşek’in yıllarca üzerinde çalıştığı farklı el sanatlarından esinlenerek geliştirdiği yeni bir tekniktir. Bu zanaat sadece Amasya’ya özgüdür ve tamamen elde işlenip has gümüş üzerinden ilerleyen bir tekniktir. Usta çırak ilişkisi içerisinde günümüzde yaşatılmaya devam etmektedir. Bu zanaata özgü yaşam çiçeği, kabartma, klişe, gül ve lale motifleri bulunmaktadır. Bunların esinlendiği kaynak ise tezhip ve hat sanatlarıdır. Erhani gümüş işlemesinde gümüşün tavlanması, zımparalanması, klişenin kabartılması, gümüşün üzerindeki desenin ortaya çıkması, ön ve arka kısımlarının yapıştırıcı sayesinde birleştirilmesi, sabitleme kalemiyle sabitlenmesi, gümüşün kükürtlenmesi, karartılması, su zımparasıyla ovulması, ayar basılması ve son olarak da cila işlemi gibi aşamalar bulunmaktadır. Aşamalar sistemli bir şekilde yapılmaktadır. Bu makalede Amasya Erhani gümüş işlemeciliği usta çırak ilişkisi açısından incelenmiştir. Çalışmada öncelikle gümüşün geçmişi üzerinde durulmuş daha sonra Erhani gümüş işlemesiyle ilgili bilgiler verilmiş, gümüşün geçtiği aşamalar ve kullanılan malzemeler belirtilmiştir. Böylelikle kültürel miraslarımızdan biri olan Amasya Erhani gümüş işlemesinin gelecek kuşaklara aktarılması hedeflenmiştir. Günümüzde sınırlı sayıda kadın tarafından işlenildiği için hak ettiği değere ulaşamamıştır. Erhani gümüş işlemesinin, varlığını devam ettirebilmesi için birçok insan tarafından bilinmesi ve işlenmesi gerekmektedir. Erhani gümüş işlemesinin daha fazla kişi tarafından işlenilmesi ve gelecek nesillere aktarılması hususu önemlidir.
Sanal Gerçeklikle Üretilen Sanatın Değişen Rolünün İncelenmesi: “Chalkroom” Örneği
Authors: Akkan Acet Elvin , Kaplanoğlu Lutfü
Published: June 2024

Teknolojinin gelişmesi ile ortaya çıkan yeni medya sanat araçları gerçek ve hipergerçeklik kavramlarını sorgulatmaktadır. Mağara resimlerinden günümüze kadar uzanan dönemde sanat, kendi gerçekliği ile izleyiciyi kendisine inandırma çabasında olmuştur. Gerçek dünyanın bir kopyasını oluşturarak izleyicinin algısını yönlendirmeye, etkileşimini artırmaya böylece kendi gerçeğini ortaya koymaya çalışmıştır. Sanal gerçeklik kavramının ortaya çıkması bu çabaların belki de en sonuç vereni olmuştur. Sanal gerçeklik teknolojisine ait bir özellik olan daldırma ile sanatçı, izleyiciyi dış dünyadan kopararak eserin içine almaktadır. Dış dünyadaki tüm uyaranlardan uzaklaşan izleyici kendisini sanatçının kurguladığı bir simülasyon evreninde bulmaktadır. Sanatçı, eser aracılığıyla etkileşim kurarak işitsel, görsel ve dokunsal algılarla izleyiciyi yönlendirmektedir. Sanal gerçekliği deneyimleyen izleyici tüm duyuları ile sanal evrene dahil olmaktadır ve buradaki deneyimleri gerçek dünyadaki deneyimlerinin bir taklidi olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. İzleyici, sanatçının yönlendirmesi ile fiziki dünyanın gerçekliği ve simülasyon evreninin gerçekliği arasında kaybolmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sanal gerçeklik kavramı ile sanatın değişen rolü irdelenerek sanat alımlayıcısının algısı değerlendirilmiş ve bu bağlamda “Chalkroom” eseri görsel analiz yöntemi ile Geştalt algı kuramları üzerinden incelenmiştir.
DİLDE GİZLİ ANLATIM YOLLARI VE GİZLİ CÜMLELER
Authors: Kalaycı Ünal
Published: June 2024

İnsanlar arasında iletişimi sağlayan en gelişmiş araç dildir. Dil yanında işaret, jest, mimik, harf, nesne, sözcük gibi araçlarla da iletişim sağlanabilmektedir. Tüm bu iletişim araçlarıyla yapılan iletişimin herkese açık olanı yanında bir de gizli iletişim şekli vardır. Bu gizli iletişim biçimine genellikle gizli dil denilmektedir. Gizli iletişim kurmaya yarayan araçları sekiz başlık altında incelemek mümkündür: davranış ve nesnelerle yapılan gizli anlatım, harf ve işaretle yapılan gizli anlatımlar, sözcüklerle yapılan gizli anlatımlar, dinî metinlerde gizli anlatım, gizli alfabelerle gizli anlatım, eserlerle gizli anlatım, yapma dillerle gizli anlatım cümle düzeyinde gizli anlatım. Bu gizli anlatımlar içerisinde cümle düzeyinde gizli anlatımla ilgili bir çalışmaya ulaşılamamıştır. Dolayısıyla bu başlığın ihmal edildiği düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde toplumun farklı kesimlerince kullanılan örneklerden hareketle cümle düzeyinde gizli dil konusu ele alınmıştır. Değişen yaşam şekilleri iletişim şekillerini de etkilemektedir. Yüz yıl önce mendil ve mendildeki işlemeler birbirini seven kızla erkek arasında gizli bir iletişim diliyken günümüzde böyle bir iletişim aracı ya da gizli dilden bahsetmek pek mümkün değildir. Bunun yanında yeni yaşama uygun gizli anlatımlar da ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu yeni yaşam tarzında gizli cümlelerin de gizli anlatımlar içerisinde önemli bir yer tuttuğunu söylemek mümkündür.
Exploring the Role of Explainable AI in Compliance Models for Fraud Prevention
Authors: Chiamaka Daniella Okenwa.  , Omoyin Damilola. David  , Adeyinka Orelaja.  , Oladayo Tosin Akinwande
Published: June 2024

Integration of explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methodologies into compliance frameworks represents a considerable potential for augmenting fraud prevention strategies across diverse sectors. This paper explores the role of explainable AI in compliance models for fraud prevention. In highly regulated sectors like finance, healthcare, and cybersecurity, XAI helps identify abnormal behaviour and ensure regulatory compliance by offering visible and comprehensible insights into AI-driven decision-making processes. The findings indicate the extent to which XAI can improve the efficacy, interpretability, and transparency of initiatives aimed at preventing fraud. Stakeholders can comprehend judgements made by AI, spot fraudulent tendencies, and rank risk-reduction tactics using XAI methodologies. In addition, it also emphasizes how crucial interdisciplinary collaboration is to the advancement of XAI and its incorporation into compliance models for fraud detection across multiple sectors. In conclusion, XAI in compliance models plays a vital role in fraud prevention. Therefore, through the utilization of transparent and interpretable AI tools, entities can strengthen their ability to withstand fraudulent operations, build trust among stakeholders, and maintain principles within evolving regulatory systems.
Business Milieus and Core Self-Evaluation in Entrepreneurial Resilience: A Study of Small-Scale Entrepreneurs at the University of Uyo, Nigeria
Authors: Usen Essien Inyang  , Manasseh Iroegbu
Published: June 2024

The ability of small-scale businesses in Nigeria to bounce back from adversity is a crucial factor in their long-term viability and success. This study investigated the predictive roles of business milieus and core self-evaluation (CSE) in entrepreneurial resilience among small-scale entrepreneurs at the University of Uyo, Nigeria. Employing an ex post facto research design, data were collected from 226 entrepreneurs operating within the University campuses. Data were collected using the Core Self-Evaluation Scale (CSES) and the Entrepreneurial Resilience Scale (ERS). Data were analysed with simple percentage, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The findings revealed that two of the business milieus investigated in the study (business type and the number of employees) significantly predicted entrepreneurial resilience, while business registration status and age did not predict entrepreneurial resilience. Additionally, regression analysis revealed the significance of three dimensions of CSE in entrepreneurial resilience, with self-esteem, locus of control, and self-efficacy emerging as significant predictors. Recommendations included incorporating modules on building self-esteem, locus of control, and self-efficacy in entrepreneurship training programmes and tailoring business support services and policies to enhance resilience among small-scale entrepreneurs. The study contributes to understanding the key factors that impact the ability of small-scale entrepreneurs to overcome obstacles, offering practical guidance for developing targeted interventions that can help them thrive and achieve their business goals.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN IMAJINATIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR MENGARANG BAHASA INDONESIA PADA SISWA KELAS IV MI NU KHOIRIYYAH KUDUS
Authors: CHOZANAH CHOZANAH
Published: June 2024

The objectives of this action research are: (a) To find out the motivation to learn to compose after applying the imaginative learning model in learning Indonesian to Class IV MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus students in the 2014/2015 academic year, (b) To find out the increase in student learning outcomes after implementing the imaginative learning model to the students. Class IV MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus Academic Year 2014/2015. This research uses action research in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: design, activities and observations, reflection and revision. The target of this research is Class IV students of MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus for the 2014/2015 academic year. The data obtained is in the form of composition results, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the results of the analysis, it was found that student motivation and learning outcomes had increased. The number of students who had very high and high motivation to learn increased from 23.53% to 58.83%, students who had moderate motivation decreased and there were no longer any students who had low motivation. Students' composition learning outcomes increased from 52.9% to 88.2%. The conclusion of this research is that imaginative learning methods can have a positive influence on learning motivation and learning outcomes in Indonesian composition in Class IV MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus in the 2014/2015 academic year.
ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian tindakan ini adalah: (a) Mengetahui motivasi belajar mengarang setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran imajinatif dalam belajar bahasa Indonesia pada siswa Kelas IV MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015, (b) Mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah diterapkannya modelpembelajaran imajinatif pada siswa Kelas IV MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas IV MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil mengarang, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analis didapatkan bahwa motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan. Jumlah siswa yang memiliki motivasi belajar sangat tinggi dan tinggi meningkat dari 23,53 % menjadi 58,83 %., siswa yang memiliki motivasi sedang berkurang dan tidak ada lagi siswa yang memiliki motivasi rendah. Hasil belajar mengarang pada  siswa  meningkat yaitu dari 52,9% menjadi  88,2%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah merode pembelajaran imajinatif dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar mengarang bahasa Indonesia pada Kelas IV MI NU Khoiriyyah Kudus Tahun Pelajaran 2014/2015.
600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures in western Europe 1420–2019
Authors: Pfister Christian , Brönnimann Stefan , Altwegg Andres , Brázdil Rudolf , Litzenburger Laurent , Lorusso Daniele , Pliemon Thomas
Published: June 2024

Abstract. This study investigates the validity of wine must quality as an April-to-August temperature proxy between 1420 and 2019 based on expert ratings and quality measurements from Germany, Luxembourg, eastern France, and the Swiss Plateau. This is highly relevant as uncertainties remain on past climate variations during this period. The evidence was reviewed according to the best practice of historical climatology. Expert ratings tended to agree with Oechsle density measurements that gradually replaced them from the 1840s. A statistical model calibrated to predict wine must quality from climate data explains 75 % of the variance, underlining the potential value of wine must quality as a climate proxy. Premium crops were collected in years of early harvest involving high insolation during maturation, while poor crops resulted from very late harvests in cold and wet summers. An analysis of daily weather types for high- and low-quality years after 1763 shows marked differences. On a decadal timescale, the average quality was highest from 1470 to 1479, from 1536 to 1545, and from 1945 to 1954. Poor crops were collected in periods with prevailing cold and wet summers such as 1453 to 1466, 1485 to 1494, 1585 to 1614, 1685 to 1703, 1812 to 1821, and 1876 to 1936. In the period of enhanced warming after 1990, high quality became the rule.
Digital Twin and Wearables Unveiling Pedestrian Comfort Dynamics and Walkability in Cities
Authors: Ignatius Marcel , Lim Joie , Gottkehaskamp Ben , Fujiwara Kunihiko , Miller Clayton , Biljecki Filip
Published: June 2024

Abstract. This research examines the interplay of outdoor thermal comfort, walkability, and three-dimensional geospatial landscape within cities. Employing advanced data collection methods, including smart wearables and street view imagery (SVI), we conduct a comprehensive exploration of integrating heterogeneous sensor data and computer vision in an urban digital twin (UDT) we develop. We focus on the integrated thermal walk concept, where participants, equipped with wearables, contribute health metrics and real-time thermal sensation feedback while walking along selected routes for which we collect detailed 3D geoinformation, which in turn provides a foundation for understanding and improving comfort and walkability in cities. Our study not only addresses the integration, but also underscores the transformative role of advanced analytics and UDT in deciphering how urban morphology influences thermal experiences. While the growing accessibility of wearable devices facilitates work such as ours, we highlight challenges in collecting diverse participant data and the imperative need for specialized expertise in UDT and computer vision. This research contributes to (1) digital twins, providing a novel combination of data integration and a new use case, and to (2) urban climatology, advancing our understanding of the relationship among microclimate, urban environment, and outdoor thermal comfort. Beyond theoretical contributions, the study’s practical significance is revealed in the development of accurate predictive models for understanding walkability, promising improvements in the quality of urban life, and pronouncing the important role of 3D geoinformation in such a domain.
Semantic enrichment of urban space: A point cloud-based framework for road marking analysis
Authors: Tsiranidou Elisavet , Brea Portals Aiara , Fernández Álvarez Antonio , Díaz Vilariño Lucía
Published: June 2024

Abstract. In this paper, we present a method for the analysis of urban road markings using point cloud data, aiming to enhance the understanding and functionality of urban spaces. Our method employs intensity-based analysis along with hierarchical clustering and object descriptors to identify and categorize road markings while maintaining the original point cloud format. Then, we conceptualize a new space distribution from segmenting urban spaces into distinct functional areas based on road markings. Our results indicate the potential of our approach in providing insights that could support urban planning, and autonomous vehicle navigation systems, yet further research and validation are essential to fully realize its potential.
Analyzing the impact of semantic LoD3 building models on image-based vehicle localization
Authors: Bieringer Antonia , Wysocki Olaf , Tuttas Sebastian , Hoegner Ludwig , Holst Christoph
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Numerous navigation applications rely on data from global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), even though their accuracy is compromised in urban areas, posing a significant challenge, particularly for precise autonomous car localization. Extensive research has focused on enhancing localization accuracy by integrating various sensor types to address this issue. This paper introduces a novel approach for car localization, leveraging image features that correspond with highly detailed semantic 3D building models. The core concept involves augmenting positioning accuracy by incorporating prior geometric and semantic knowledge into calculations. The work assesses outcomes using Level of Detail 2 (LoD2) and Level of Detail 3 (LoD3) models, analyzing whether facade-enriched models yield superior accuracy. This comprehensive analysis encompasses diverse methods, including off-the-shelf feature matching and deep learning, facilitating thorough discussion. Our experiments corroborate that LoD3 enables detecting up to 69% more features than using LoD2 models. We believe that this study will contribute to the research of enhancing positioning accuracy in GNSS-denied urban canyons. It also shows a practical application of under-explored LoD3 building models on map-based car positioning.
Integration of SRTM and ASTER data for litho-structural and alteration mapping in Nholi area, central Tanzania
Authors: Ngerezi Muhudi , Saadi Nureddin , Imai Akira , Ibrahim Waleed
Published: June 2024

In this study, satellite imagery was used for structural and alteration mapping in the Nholi area, central Tanzania. Structural mapping was carried out by processing and interpreting SRTM-DEM data using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Various band ratios and the Relative Absorption Band Depth (RBD) method of ASTER image were used to delineate hydrothermal alteration zones. The orientation analysis of the extracted lineaments indicates that the study area is controlled by five structural trends: NE–SW, WNW–ESE, N–S, E–W and NW–SE. The VNIR and SWIR bands of ASTER data were effective in delineating hydrothermal alteration mineral zones associated with gold mineralization. The spatial distribution of hydrothermal alteration zones was verified by field survey, microscopic studies and XRD analysis. Furthermore, the extension of alteration zones around the known gold deposit together with lineaments has led to the identification of new potential areas. Data integration shows a positive correlation between the extracted lineaments and hydrothermal alteration zones, which may indicate that the mineralization in the study area is structurally controlled. Moreover, the microscopic study of sulphide minerals revealed both syn- and post-shearing characteristics.
Investigation of the ground effects of Mw7.8 and Mw7.5 Maraş doublet earthquake on the south-east region (Bİtlİs-Zagros fold-thrust belt) of Turkey
Authors: Pırtı Atınç
Published: June 2024

The Bitlis-Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt is one of the world’s largest deformation zones, extending from the Eastern Mediterranean in southern Turkey to the south of Iran. This deformation zone is partitioned between different structures; however, little is known about the relative activities of these different structures and their effects on topography. The aim of this paper is to investigate the coseismic displacements resulting from the doublet earthquake that occurred in the vicinity of the city of Maraş (6 February 2023) by utilizing GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) stations (near the Bitlis-Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt) that are part of the CORS-TR (Continuously Operating Reference Station-Türkiye) geodetic network. After the doublet Maraş earthquake, south-westerly movements were observed at the ELAZ station, and south-east movements were observed at ERGN and MARD stations. As can be seen from the data obtained from these CORS-TR stations, the effect of the earthquake on the horizontal and vertical components was approximately 0.2–7.2 cm. These motions of ELAZ, ERGN and MARD stations can cause other earthquakes in the region of Bingöl, Van, Bitlis and Muş in the future.
Investigation of the Mw 7.3 earthquake in Tonga Islands, Pacific Ocean, 11 November 2022
Authors: Pırtı Atınç , Yücel Mehmet Ali , Gürsel Hoşbaş Ramazan
Published: June 2024

The Mw 7.3 Tonga earthquake occurred on 11 November 2022 at 19°.288 S and 172°.147 W. It was caused by reverse faulting in the outer rise of the Pacific Plate, about 75 km east of the Tonga Trench. We studied the Tonga earthquake on 11 November 2022 in order to detect a violent eruption of the Tonga submarine volcano in the South Pacific. Submarine volcano eruptions can displace seawater in a number of different ways, potentially triggering tsunamis. The Tonga subduction zone has the highest rate of plate convergence on Earth. It is one of the places with the most earthquakes. However, the recorded thrust events that can be placed with certainty on the plate boundary haven’t been stronger than M 8.0, and the area’s history suggests that there isn’t much seismic coupling along the arc. The modelling of this earthquake based on the assumption that the fault plane dips to the west give dimensions of about 50 × 35 km, with most of the distance down-dipping from the hypocenter. In our study, we used the CSRS-PPP software to process TONGA station data using static and kinematic methods. This study shows the horizontal coordinate differences of the TONGA station (static-kinematic), which range from a few millimetres to about 40 centimetres.
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ON PUBLIC HEALTH IN RUSSIA. PRIORITY AREAS FOR ADAPTATION (ANALYTICAL REVIEW)
Authors:   Institute of Economic Forecasting, Russian Academy of Sciences, REVICH B.A.
Published: June 2024

A review of the studies assessing the impact of climate change on public health is presented. Taking into account climatic features of various regions, priority tasks of the National Plan for Adaptation to Climate Change are identified. The tasks include: establishing threshold values for high temperatures based on assessing health risks, including mental health; creating a monitoring system for the concentration of allergenic plant pollen and the prevalence of allergic diseases; developing prevention systems for outdoor and indoor workers at extremely high temperatures (optimum work and rest conditions); improving the epidemiological surveillance system for climate-related infectious diseases, in particular, organizing microbiological monitoring of permafrost soils. Special adaptation plans are needed for indigenous peoples of the Arctic region.
GEOMEDICAL RESEARCH: STATUS AND PROSPECTS IN A CHANGING CLIMATE
Authors:   Russian Academy of Sciences, MAKOSKO A.A.
Published: June 2024

The influence of the external environment on the human body is multifaceted and not fully understood. Due to changes in the global climate in recent years, this problem has acquired new content and become relevant. Information is provided on the program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Basic Sciences for Medicine” (2002-2014), which played a huge coordinating role in the integration of geomedical research and had a significant impact on the study of the impact of geophysical and weather-climatic factors on the health of the population. The need to develop a draft State program for geomedical research aimed at mitigating the negative complex impact of environmental factors on public health and adapting to them in a changing climate was noted.
MONITORING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE SNOW COVER AND ITS FORMATION FACTORS IN THE PECHORA-ILYCH BIOSPHERE RESERVE
Authors:   Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, VASILEVICH M.I. , SIMAKIN L.V. ,   Pechora-Ilych Biosphere Reserve, SMIRNOV N.S. ,   Pechora-Ilych Biosphere Reserve
Published: June 2024

The chemical composition of the snow cover in the Pechora-Ilych Biosphere Reserve in the winters during 2014-2021 is analyzed based on the data of the network of monitoring stations. It is similar to the one in European Russia, although there is an increase in the inflow of substances with precipitation associated with the west-to-east transport due to the condensation in the Ural foothills. It has been found that there is a difference in the chemical composition of snow in the lowland and foothill parts of the reserve. The peculiarities of atmospheric circulation and the regions from which the air mass are transported largely determine the saturation of precipitation with various chemical components. The computation of the air mass back trajectories has made it possible to identify the regions where the air masses coming to the research area, containing the substances, and potentially forming the chemical composition of precipitation can be formed.
METHODS FOR CALCULATING ACCUMULATED EFFECTIVE TEMPERATURES FROM MONTHLY MEAN DATA AND CONSTRUCTING GLOBAL MAPS FOR ECOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL MODELING
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, AFONIN A.N. , MILYUTINA E.A. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, MUSOLIN D.L. ,   Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University
Published: June 2024

Accumulated degree-days are among the most significant indicators in ecological and geographical modeling of the distribution of biological objects. The present paper analyzes several existing methods for calculating accumulated degree-days, proposes an improved calculation method, and presents a set of the global maps of accumulated degree-days constructed using the improved method. The produced maps are publicly available and can be used for ecological and geographical analysis and modeling.
APPLICATION OF PHYSICAL AND NEURAL NETWORK METHODS IN OPERATIONAL WATER SURFACE DETECTION
Authors:   Far East Center, Planeta State Research Center on Space Hydrometeorology, KUCHMA M. O.
Published: June 2024

The paper presents some methods of satellite data preprocessing for the elimination of atmospheric effects on the electromagnetic radiation detected by the target equipment of a satellite and subsequent detection of floods in the Amur River basin. The atmospheric correction algorithm that has been used for the preprocessing is based on the use of a lookup table obtained by applying the Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum, which is a model of atmosphere radiative transfer. The subsequent flood detection in the Amur River basin water bodies builds on a neural network algorithm, the core of which is the upgraded U-Net. The developed algorithms for atmospheric correction and subsequent flood detection make it possible to receive information in an automatic near-real-time mode for monitoring flood conditions. Some groundwork has been made for applying the algorithm to the data of the Russian satellite instruments for spacecraft planned for launch.
Influence of Media Propaganda on the Characters of “Sasa”
Authors: DR. MUHAMMAD SOHAIL IQBAL  , DR. TAHIRA GHAFOOR
Published: June 2024

The historical background of the under-study Urdu novel Sasa is a tragedy set in the 21st century. The incident of 11th September 2001, stands as a poignant historical event, reshaping the global political landscape in mere hours. This paper analyses the novel Sasa delving into the far-reaching consequences of the twin tower demolition in New York, particularly resonating across the Muslim world. The repercussions of this calamitous and violent incident extend beyond geographical borders, leaving an indelible mark on nations such as Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Iraq. However, a significant facet of this impact is observed through the lens of Pakistani Muslims residing in the United States and Western countries, who directly grappled with the aftermath of the tragedy. Central to the novel's narrative are characters who embody the multifaceted questions surrounding the motivations behind the tragedy. These questions are intricately woven into the characters' actions and dialogues, unravelling a complex interplay of political, social, and economic issues. As the characters navigate their identities both domestically and abroad, themes of identity, conflict, and harmony emerge as pivotal touchpoints. Within the narrative, Muslim characters hopelessly long for a path of peace amidst the prevailing tide of war, intolerance and animosity propagated by Western and European media. Central to the novel's narrative is a character named Saleem who embodies the multifaceted questions. In quest of his long hunted answer to the question of Love he travels to America, but he had to face hatred instead.  This research employs a qualitative analysis approach, utilizing textual analysis and thematic exploration to unearth the layers of meaning embedded within the characters' experiences and interactions. By contextualizing the characters within a global framework, this study seeks to shed light on the intricate web of human emotions, motivations, and responses triggered by Sasa. Ultimately, the findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the broader sociopolitical repercussions of traumatic events and underline the importance of nuanced narratives that counter prevailing biases and prejudices.
A Critical and Research Review of Written Thesis on Autobiography at PhD Level in Pakistani Universities
Authors: DR. REHMAN SARWAR BAJWA
Published: June 2024

In universities, research on Autobiography has not only clarified the general requirements of this genre but also made it much easier to determine the boundaries and restrictions of this sort. Initial research in universities was limited to the intellectual and technical examination of Autobiographies. A reader takes interest in the genre of Autobiography not only because of his attachment to the personality of Autobiography, but also because of the political, social, cultural and cultural elements of the era of Autobiography. The Article examines the Thesis, written in Pakistani universities on Urdu Autobiography at the PhD level so that the techniques and tradition of Autobiography can be further improved.
Discourse of Alternative Identity in Nobel Prize Lectures of Latin American Writers
Authors: QAMAR ABBAS ALVI
Published: June 2024

The Term ‘Latin America’ is used to describe the region of America where Romance Languages (Derived from Latin) such as Spanish, Portuguese and French are spoken. This region is renowned for its Diverse Culture, Rich History Stunning Landscapes, Encompassing Tropical Rainforests, Andean Mountains and Caribbean Beaches. Notable writers such as Gabriela Mistral, Miguel Angel Asturias, Pablo Neruda, Gabriel Garcia Marques, Octavio Paz and Mario Vargas Llosa hail from this region and have been awarded the Nobel Prize. These Nobel Laureates often explore issues specific to their home countries or regions including social injustice, Resistance and struggle for social change, National and Personal Identity, Economic Inequality and Human Rights enriching the global discourse with their unique perspective and experience. This article is a Close Reading of These Nobel Laureates speeches.
Transitional Urology in Korea: Initial Insights Through a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Oh Kyung Tak , Lim Avelyn Noble , Ibrahim Alwadai Raed , Kim Jang Hwan
Published: June 2024

Purpose: In Korea, the field of transitional urology (TU) is in its nascent stages, with its introduction only beginning. This study aims to evaluate the existing state of TU prior to implementing a transition protocol, and to identify key areas of focus for the development of an effective transition protocol.Methods: From June 1, 2021 to May 31, 2023, clinical data were retrospectively collected for patients who visited the adult urology or pediatric urology outpatient departments of this hospital and were aged 10 or older, with medical conditions falling under the category of TU. We analyzed the patient distribution across different disease groups. The transitional stages were categorized from T1, indicating initial care by pediatric urologists, to T4, denoting complete transition to adult care. ‘T4x’ was used for patients with unknown medical histories, and ‘T4only’ for those who had never been under pediatric urology care.Results: During a 2-year period, a total of 1,484 patients received outpatient care for diseases in TU field. The most prevalent diseases were hypospadias (40.4%), spinal bifida (37.3%), and congenital ureteral anomalies (17.7%), with other conditions accounting for 4.6%. Among 553 spinal bifida patients, only 5.3% completed transitional care (T4), while 80.1% were in the initial phase (T1). For patients introduced to adult urology (T2–T4), 37.7% reached T4, highlighting a marked increase in transition completion within this subset (P<0.001).Conclusions: TU in Korea is in its nascent stage, with a significant gap in the initiation and completion of transitional care for patients with congenital urologic conditions. Early initiation and active engagement in transitional care are crucial for successful transition. This study highlights the need for structured transition protocols to address the complex needs of this patient population.
IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTION OF PIPE STEEL OF STRENGTH CATEGORY K60
Authors: Куберский С.В. , Сбитнев С.А. , Великоцкий Р.Е. , Смолярчук Д.А. , Вакуленко Е.Л. , Смолярчук С.А.
Published: June 2024

Установлено изменение количества вязкой составляющей при испытании падающим грузом в процессе старения металла, прошедшего и не прошедшего противофлокенную обработку. Исследовано влияние термической обработки, температуры нагрева и скорости охлаждения после отпуска, нормализации и отжига на хладостойкость трубной стали категории прочности К60. Показано, что старение металла, не прошедшего противофлокенную обработку в течение 33 недель, а также увеличение скорости охлаждения после отжига приводит к повышению хладостойкости. Охарактеризовано влияние эвтектоидного превращения на процессы молизации атомарного водорода на межфазной границе феррит/цементит. Расширены научные представления теории водородной хрупкости.

A change in the amount of the viscous component was established when testing with a falling load during the aging process of metal that has and has not undergone anti-flake treatment. The influence of heat treatment, heating temperature and cooling rate after tempering, normalization and annealing on the cold resistance of pipe steel of strength category K60 was studied. Aging of metal that has not undergone anti-flake treatment for 33 weeks, as well as an increase in the cooling rate after annealing, leads to an increase in cold resistance. The influence of the eutectoid transformation on the processes of molization of atomic hydrogen at the ferrite/cementite interface is characterized. The scientific understanding of the theory of hydrogen fragility has been expanded.
ANALYSIS AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF REPRODUCTION OF MICROGEOMETRY OF A TEXTURED ROLL SURFACE ON A GALVANIZED COLD-ROLLED STRIP DURING ITS LEVELLING
Authors: Огарков Н.Н. , Звягина Е.Ю. , Горбатюк С.М. , Шешенин Е.В. , Ибрагимов Х.Ф.
Published: June 2024

Показана возможность представления процесса дрессировки оцинкованной холоднокатаной полосы как совместная деформация бинарной системы цинк–сталь. Подтверждено, что совместная пластическая деформация компонентов оцинкованной полосы как единой целой при ее дрессировке происходит при достижении критической толщины слоя цинка. Процесс репродукции микрогеометрии текстурированной поверхности валка на оцинкованной холоднокатаной полосе при ее дрессировке рассмотрен как процесс заполнения микровпадин валка контактируемым с ним материалом. Получена математическая зависимость для расчета коэффициента отпечатываемости параметров текстурированной поверхности дрессировочного валка на оцинкованной холоднокатаной полосе в зависимости от толщины и механических свойств цинкового покрытия и стальной полосы, характеристик оборудования, режимов и условий ее дрессировки, а также от параметров шероховатости поверхности валка S, Ra и pc. Дана сравнительная оценка влияния технологических параметров дрессировки на степень репродукции микрогеометрии поверхности валка на оцинкованной холоднокатаной полосе.

The possibility of presenting the process of levelling a galvanized cold-rolled strip as a joint deformation of a binary zinc-steel system is shown. It is confirmed that the joint plastic deformation of the components of the galvanized strip as a whole during its levelling occurs when the critical thickness of zinc is reached. The process of reproducing the microgeometry of the textured surface of the roll on a galvanized cold-rolled strip during its levelling is considered as the process of filling the micro-cavities of the roll with the material in contact with it. A mathematical dependence is obtained for calculating the coefficient of imprintability of the parameters of the textured surface of a levelling roll on a galvanized cold-rolled strip, depending on the thickness and mechanical properties of the zinc coating and steel strip, equipment characteristics, modes and conditions of its levelling, as well as on the parameters of the rough surface of the roll S, Ra and Pc. A comparative assessment of the influence of the technological parameters of levelling on the degree of reproduction of the microgeometry of the roll surface on a galvanized cold-rolled strip is given.