bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supercapacitor performance of a nanocomposite of dilithium and β-NiS
Authors: Chandrasekaran Raghavan , Gopalan Muralidharan
Published: February 2024

Binary nanocomposites of Li2 incorporated β-NiS have been synthesized via hydrothermal technique. XRD results indicate the formation of nanocomposite of Li2 and rhombohedral β-NiS. A spongy layered morphology could be identified through SEM analysis. The presence of Ni, S and Li2 could be identified through energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The charge storage capabilities of Li2: β-NiS nanocomposites were examined using electroanalytical methods such as cyclic voltammetry, galvanic charge-discharge, and ac impedance analysis. In the three-electrode configuration, the electrodes could provide a specific capacitance of 860 F g− 1 (CV at 10 mV s− 1) and 700 F g− 1 (GCD at 2 mA cm− 2). The Li2: β-NiS electrode reveals pseudocapacitive behaviour. The Li2: β-NiS electrode could provide 90% capacity retention after 3000 continuous charge-discharge cycles at 10 mA cm− 2. A symmetric device has been fabricated using Li2: β-NiS as the working electrodes, and its performance has been studied in a window of 1 V with the lower end at 0.5 V. The energy and power density exhibited by the symmetric device is 12 W h kg− 1 and 500 W kg− 1. The symmetric device could yield 94% capacity retention even after 5,000 continuous charge-discharge cycles.
Deep eutectic solvent as an additive to improve enzymatic hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET)
Authors: Zheng Xinming , Feng Jundan , Lu Yuzheng , Li Rong , Cavaco-paulo Artur , Fu Jiajia
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the research topic of hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using bioenzymes has attracted a lot of attention and can be divided into two parts: enzymatic surface modification of polyester fibres and biodegradation of PET waste. The high crystallinity of polyester fibres makes the enzyme surface modification study very challenging compared to PET waste. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) can create a favourable environment for proteins and represent a new generation of biodegradable solvents. However, there are few studies on the use of DES to enhance enzymatic degradation. For these reasons, we attempted to hydrolyse PET with DES-activated enzymes to increase the hydrolysis yield and thus improve PET modification. We investigated the effects of DES type, molar ratio and concentration on enzymatic hydrolysis, utilizing betaine and choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptors and polyol as a hydrogen bond donor. Humicola insolens cutinase (HiC) is used as the main biocatalyst for PET fabric hydrolysis. The results showed that a low concentration (20% v/v) of deep eutectic solvents (DES) (betaine:sorbitol; 1:2 molar ratio) induced a significant increase in hydrolysis yield (more than 1.5 times). The boosting effect primarily resulted from the benefits of DES itself rather than from the superimposition of individual components. Further studies revealed that HiCexhibited high relative enzyme activity and stability at low concentrations of DES. In addition, spectral analyses showed that DES effectively preserved the structure of HiC. Our work sheds light on the development of efficient and sustainable method to improve HiC hydrolysis of PET fabric, opening up new opportunities and possibilities for comprehensive utilization of DES in bio-modification of PET fabric.
Evaluating the efficacy of a new lice treatment shampoo containing Quassia Amara using physical and tolerance approaches
Authors: Shadrack Ronick Spenly , Kotra Krishna Kumar , Livu Leyanni , Tari Daniel , Tabi Hancy , Trenkner Linda , Bausini Mohammed Fouad El
Published: February 2024

Many methods for evaluating head lice treatment products through field reports and chemical methods have been reported, and these results are incomparable due to several physical limiting factors, including hair type, application protocols and traditional hygiene practices. The present study investigated physical factors related to the efficacy of a new louse treatment with 5% Quassia Amara using a factorial model. The model terms included hair type (≤5 or > 5 cm), age (6-18 years), stroke caused by shampoo (2-6) or comb (1-4), and duration of exposure (10-20 min) according to the factorial model. A Lice stress resistance assessment technique was used to comparatively assess the effectiveness of the new product named Go Away Lice and two commercial louse treatment products. The results of the factorial model showed that the new shampoo product containing Quassia a. had a significant effect on the number of dead lice and nits at different ages and on different hair types (P< 0.05). Dead lice and nit were significantly associated with the interaction influence of age and hair size (P< 0.05). The stress tolerance limits of the two commercial head lice brands and the local brand were comparable to that of the most effective commercial brand in terms of killing capacity (P > 0.05). It was concluded that a reduction in the lice population is significantly influenced by age and hair size. The Goaway Lice Shampoo brand demonstrated potential as a cosmetic for head lice treatment.
Surrogate modeling for magnetic and mechanical analysis of superconducting magnets for fusion
Authors: Packman Sam , Riva Nicolò , Rodriguez-Fernandez Pablo
Published: February 2024

Fusion energy has the potential to change the global energy economy and provide an essential technology to stop climate change[1]. The most promising candidates to realize a fusion power plant are tokamaks and stellarators confining the burning plasma with magnetic fields. Tokamaks are rotationally symmetric and use a large plasma current to achieve confinement. In contrast, Stellarators are non-axisymmetric and employ three-dimensionally non-planar magnetic field coils to twist the field and confine the plasma. Advantages such as disruption-free and steady-state operation [2], [3] make stellarators very attractive for such goals. Moreover, it reduces control systems issues and mitigates mechanical problems due to load cycling [4]. One of the goals of stellarator optimization is to find the best set of coils to produce the desired magnetic field. Exploring this design space requires new methods that can reduce the costly computations associated with modeling stellarator designs. This work uses Bayesian optimization, (BO) [5] which is a method that is well suited to black-box optimizations. It leverages surrogate models that are constructed to integrate as much information as possible from the available data points. This allows an optimization algorithm that significantly reduces the number of model evaluations as compared to alternative methods. This study showcases the efficacy of Bayesian optimization as a versatile tool for enhancing both magneto-static and mechanical properties within stellarator winding packs. Employing a suite of Bayesian optimization algorithms, encompassing constrained and multi-objective optimization techniques [6], [7], [8] we iteratively refine 2D and 3D models of solenoid and stellarator configurations. As fusion technology progresses from experimental stages to commercial viability, the demand for precise and efficient design methodologies escalates. By emphasizing its modularity and transferability, our approach lays the foundation for streamlining optimization processes, facilitating the integration of fusion power into a sustainable energy infrastructure.
Genetic evidence for a causal relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and age-related macular degeneration: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Huang Yu , Zhang Xueli
Published: February 2024

Background
Previous observational studies have established a bi-directional association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, these associations might be induced by confounding factors.
Methods
We conducted a bi-directional MR study to evaluate potential causal associations between AMD and AD using GWAS data. 39,106 clinically diagnosed AD cases, 46,828 proxy AD and related dementia, and 14,034 AMD patients were included in this study.
Results
Increased AMD exposure due to germline genetic variation was generally associated with decreased risk for AD. A causal effect was observed between early AMD and AD. However, reverse–direction MR analysis depicted generally little evidence of an association between genetically increased AD exposure and risk of early AMD with 57 SNPs and risk of AMD progression.
Conclusions
Our MR study confirmed the causal effect of early AMD on AD, and early AMD could reduce the risk for AD.
City and space: a hermeneutic perspective
Authors: Serna Castro Yobany
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a philosophical reflection on the city and the space. It proposes a different interpretation of the city, shifting the traditional focus on the historical and time-related aspects to a consideration of the space as a central category of analysis. This perspective seeks to define what a city is and to understand the different dynamics and processes that influence its constitution, development, transformation, or disappearance. In contrast to the traditional approach focused on the city with a temporal perspective, this paper highlights the relevance of the space as a fundamental element of analysis. The central premise lies in presenting an interpretation that highlights how the existence of the city is not only based on the processes of construction but also on the very act of inhabiting. This act, cemented by our relations with space, enables the existence of spatiality.
The role of Kampar watershed in achieving sufficient rice production and sustaining agriculture
Authors: Wahyu Titisari Prima , Elfis Elfis , Zen Irina Safitri , Chahyana Indry , Permatasari Tika , Maryanti Adelina , Dalilla Faizan
Published: February 2024

Agriculture is the largest global water consumer, crucial to understanding its impact on watersheds. This study was conducted in the Kampar watershed in Riau province, covering Kampar and Pelalawan regencies. It assesses the watershed's suitability for meeting agricultural water needs, particularly for rice cultivation. The study utilizes quantitative methods, applying the Penman–Monteith technique and benefit transfer analysis to measure the water footprint of agriculture. Key indicators include blue, green, and gray water footprints. The water footprint in the Kampar watershed is 173.84 m3/t, with rice cultivation in the Kampar regency having 57.96 m3/t blue, 32.19 m3/t green, and 14.52 m3/t gray water footprints. In the Pelalawan regency, the values were 41.09 m3/t blue, 25.59 m3/t green, and 2.49 m3/t gray water footprints. The findings suggest a significant need for ample water usage from surface and groundwater in both Kampar and Pelalawan regencies for rice cultivation. Regarding the water availability in each district: Kampar regency has 1,063,281,652 m3/year and Pelalawan regency has 987,542,991 m3/year. This surplus in the Kampar watershed ensures sufficient water for rice cultivation in both districts, especially in the Kampar regency. These hold promising further agricultural development in the Riau province.
Inversión pública y recaudación del impuesto predial, una aplicación de datos de panel por conglomerados en gobiernos locales provinciales de la macrorregión sur del Perú, 2010-2020
Authors: Tudela-Mamani Juan Walter , Cahui-Cahui Elias , Humpiri-Yucra Javier
Published: February 2024

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la incidencia de la inversión pública sobre la recaudación del impuesto predial en gobiernos locales provinciales de la macrorregión sur del Perú durante el período 2010-2020. El tipo de estudio es aplicado, bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, tipo longitudinal de panel, de carácter descriptivo y explicativo. Los datos para cada municipalidad provincial fueron extraídos del portal informativo del Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas (MEF) segmentadas mediante el análisis de conglomerados. El método de estimación econométrica toma en cuenta la metodología para datos longitudinales de panel. Teniendo en cuenta el análisis de conglomerados y las estimaciones econométricas, los resultados muestran que un incremento del 1% en la inversión pública en transportes, saneamiento y cultura y deporte, provocó un aumento en la recaudación del impuesto predial de aproximadamente 0,3182%, 0,1208% y 0,0923% respectivamente (primer clúster); un incremento del 1% en la inversión pública en transportes, cultura y deporte, provocó un aumento en la recaudación del impuesto predial de aproximadamente 0,2588% y 0,1434% respectivamente (segundo clúster); y un incremento del 1% en la inversión pública en transportes y saneamiento, provocó un aumento en la recaudación del impuesto predial de aproximadamente 0,2923% y 0,1377% respectivamente (tercer clúster]).
Interplay between LncRNA/miRNA and TGF-β Signaling in the Tumorigenesis
of Gynecological Cancer
Authors: Safavi Pegah , Moghadam Kimia Behrouz , Haghighi Zahra , Ferns Gordon A. , Rahmani Farzad
Published: February 2024

Gynecologic cancers are among the most common malignancies with aggressive features and poor
prognosis. Tumorigenesis in gynecologic cancers is a complicated process that is influenced by multiple factors,
including genetic mutations that activate various oncogenic signaling pathways, including the TGF-β
pathway. Aberrant activation of TGF-β signaling is correlated with tumor recurrence and metastasis. It has
been shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have crucial effects on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and
metastasis. Upregulation of various ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and microRNAs
(miRNAs), has been reported in several tumors, like cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers, but their cellular
mechanisms remain to be investigated. Thus, recognizing the role of ncRNAs in regulating the TGF-β pathway
may provide novel strategies for better treatment of cancer patients. The present study summarizes recent
findings on the role of ncRNAs in regulating the TGF-β signaling involved in tumor progression and metastasis
in gynecologic cancers.
A Comprehensive Review of the Advancement in Omic Technologies in the Field of Drug Discovery and Development
Authors: Chauhan Mridula , Kumar Shivansh , Biswas Arpon , Kumar Mukesh , Verma Sarvesh Kumar , Mishra Anjali , Singh Vaishali , Bisen Amol Chhatrapati , Agrawal Sristi , Choudhury Abhijit Deb , Rayiti Ramakrishna , Bhatta Rabi Sankar
Published: February 2024

:

Discovering new drugs is time-consuming and expensive and involves many different
tools from various domains. Numerous omic technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics,
proteomics, and metabolomics, have been created to speed up the process. Leveraging genetic and
genomic insights, these methodologies play a pivotal role. Genetic insights aid in target identification, prioritization, and the prediction of drug outcomes. Gene expression data informs drug discovery, while proteomics uncovers targets and facilitates high-throughput profiling. Enhancing
drug efficacy necessitates mechanistic insights into downstream effects, enabling side effects and
resistance prediction. Early-stage drug discovery now extensively employs diverse metabolomics
platforms. This review underscores the recent strides of omic technologies in drug discovery, affirming their role in enhancing drug viability and regulatory approval. The emphasis lies on the
latest advancements in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, collectively
fortifying drug development.
Multicomponent Synthesis of Structurally Diverse Spiroheterocycles using Bio-organic Catalyst in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Verma Asha , Pathak Gargi , Kumar Sandeep , Khatri Vineeta , Chhatwal Rajni Johar , Arya Dinesh Kumar
Published: February 2024

Background:

MCRs are one of the most significant tools in the synthesis of organic
compounds. MCR is a rapid chemical technique that uses three or more reactants to produce products
that sustain all structural and substructural properties of the initial components. MCRs are
useful in all fields of synthetic chemistry because of their rapid rate of reaction, simple procedure
and excellent yields. We reported an efficient and environmentally friendly domino approach for
the synthesis of spiroheterocycles spiro annulated with indeno[1,2-b]quinoline.

Method:

The spiroheterocycles with privileged heterocyclic substructures have been synthesized
using taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) as a green, sustainable, bio-organic and recyclable catalyst
in a three-component reaction of isatins, 1,3-diketones, and 1-napthylamine in aqueous media.
The present synthetic method is probably the first report to synthesize spiroheterocycles, spiroannulated
with indeno[1,2-b]quinoline. Furthermore, the approach is valuable because of the excellent
yield that results from the reaction in 15-20 min.

Result:

The optimization of reaction conditions is an important case of efficient synthesis. The
solvent, temperature, time and catalyst loading were all examined. The reusability of the catalyst
was also investigated experimentally. The used catalyst taurine has a high activity as well as good
reusability. The present synthetic protocol will be extended to synthesise a library of hybrid compounds.
The present synthetic approach is cost-effective, and time-efficient with an easy-workup
methodology that gives outstanding yields (80–95%) in 15–20 min.

Conclusion:

Taurine-catalyzed multicomponent reaction is a novel and efficient method for the
synthesis of spiroannulated indeno[1,2-b]quinolines. The high catalytic activity of taurine as a catalyst
with water as a green solvent makes the process environmentally friendly. The special features
of the synthetic protocol include synthetic efficiency, operational simplicity, and reusability of the
catalyst and it is expected to make significant contributions not only to drug discovery studies but
also to pharmaceutical and therapeutic chemistry in view of introducing molecular diversity in the
synthesized molecules.
A Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Raala Malahara and experimental evaluation of its Wound Healing Activity
Authors: S. Madhumithaa  , Chaitra L.V.
Published: February 2024

Background: In present era, Skin disease has become a misery, suffering, depression and economical loss as it is becoming common and lowered threshold for seeking medical attention. Microorganisms are present everywhere in the surroundings which are responsible for large number of infectious diseases in human beings. These problems can be avoided with Malaharayogas explained by our Aacharyas. Raala Malahara is one among them which is mentioned in Rasatantra Saara Va Siddha Prayoga Sangraha. Methodology: Raw materials viz Raala, Tuttha and Tila Taila were screened and collected. Raala and Tuthha were finely powdered. Tila Taila as the base for Malahara, it was prepared with maceration procedure until a creamy, semisolid mixture occurs. This semisolid mixture is called as Raala Malahara. It was stored in glass jar containing water and every day the water was changed to maintain its properties. Raala Malahara was subjected for the Analytical studies, Phyto-chemical studies and experimental studies for its wound healing activity. Results: Results of Analytical study of Raala Malahara shows values as follows: pH value: 6.94, Loss on Drying: 61.427%, Rancidity test: Negative, Spreadability: 42mm, Fat content: 15.584%. Result of the experimental study shows that Raala Malahara possesses better results as Wound healing agents especially in excisional wounds. Conclusion: Raala Malahara possesses better results as Wound healing activity in excisional wounds.
An analysis of Psychological Issues during Menopause and its integrative management
Authors: Kuruvilla Sholly Elizabeth , Sandeep S  Sagare
Published: February 2024

Menopause is indeed a normal physiological stage in a woman's life, typically occurring in the late 40s to early 50s, although the exact timing can vary from person to person. This transitional phase is frequently associated with a spectrum of physical, mental and cognitive symptoms. During the menopausal transition, many women commonly encounter physical symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, irregular menstruation, sleep disturbances, depletion of bone health, weight gain and a decrease in sexual desire. Additionally, this phase can contribute to fluctuating hormone levels which can precipitate mental issues like mood swings, anger and irritability, heightened anxiety, loss of self-esteem, loss of confidence, low mood and feelings of sadness or depression. Memory and cognitive changes like forgetfulness and difficulty in concentration are often reported during menopause, sometimes referred to as "brain fog" or "menopausal cognitive impairment." For some, these symptoms serve as early indicators of the onset of this life transition. Integrative management of mental health problems during menopause involves a holistic approach that combines conventional medical treatments with complementary and alternative therapies to address both the physical and emotional aspects of menopausal symptoms. It includes stress reduction techniques, lifestyle modifications, counselling and psychotherapy, dietary supplements, internal- external medications and regular health care check-ups. Many women consider menopause as inherently a negative experience as it comes with various challenges and symptoms. Seeking medical advice and support can help women navigate this transition more smoothly and positively.
Contribution of Charaka Nidana Sthana in Roga Vinishchaya
Authors: Archana Solanki  , Aradhana Kande  , Aruna Ojha
Published: February 2024

Ayurveda is the science of life and the soul of Ayurveda resides in the Samhitas. The three main Samhitas of Ayurveda also known as Brihatrayi are Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita and Ashtang Hridaya. Charak Samhita is useful for not only those who want to improve and maintain their health and happiness but also to find cure of diseased i.e. treatment. Before understanding the treatment, it is very necessary to understand the Etiopathogenesis of a disease with the help of Nidanapanchaka (Nidana, Purvarupa, Rupa, Upshaya, Samprapti). Each component of Nidanapanchaka helps a physician for better understanding of disease progress and treatment. The area or Sthana where Charaka narrates the Nidanapanchaka of diseases is actually termed as Nidana Sthana. Here in this article, we will try to explore about Nidana Sthana of Charak Samhita.
Ayurvedic perspective and clinical significance of millets
Authors: P. Neelayathatchi  , Tanuja Manoj Neasri  , Chandra Shekhar Sanwal
Published: February 2024

The study aims to elicit the the therapeutic potential of Kudhanya/Kshudra Dhanya (millets) in Ayurvedic perspective substantiated with conventional scientific findings. In this review methodology followed includes review of various literature beginning from ancient Ayurvedic classics, conventional scientific and research-oriented publications comprising research papers, journals, periodicals etc. Ayurvedic classical literature replicate that since long time Kshudra Dhanya (millets) have been widely utilised in day today practice as a supplementary dietary product as well as therapeutic potential to overcome sedentary lifestyle induced epidemic of Non-communicable diseases (Santarpana Janya Vyadhi). In Ayurveda explanation of millets in terms of its properties, therapeutic potential, indications, contra-indications, processing are explained well. Millets are endowed with rich source of minerals, micronutrients, phenolic -componds, anti-oxidants. This analysis was tending to put forth the proper usage of millets to better enhancement of health in mankind.
A review on the principles of Rasa Shastra in Indian System of Medicine and its homology with Modern Chemical Processes
Authors: Parinita Kaundal  , Ashish Arora
Published: February 2024

Ayurveda medicine is one of the oldest holistic healing sciences it was developed around 3000 years ago. Different branches of science were nurtured by it like biology, genetics, microbiology, clinical medicine, surgery, astronomic, pharmaceutics and metallurgy etc. In Ayurveda system of medicine various formulations have been described in the traditional literature, which adopted the processes which are quite similar to the processes used today in modern medicine for formulation of various dosage forms to get the desired effect for the optimum period. Science and technology in ancient and medieval India covered all the major branches of human knowledge and activities. In any, early civilization, metallurgy has remained an activity central to all civilizations from the Bronze Age and the Iron Age, to all other civilizations that followed. Various chemicals like common salt, alkali, borax, and compounds of elements Cu, Fe, Hg and Au were used as well as techniques for making of the alloys were also very common. The applicability of natural preservatives like oil, sugar, salt were also very much known in ancient time. However, the terms used as stated in traditional literature were not similar to the modern times. Also, the acidic and alcoholic fermented products were prepared very commonly.
Comparative study of Vatarakta w.s.r. to Gouty Arthritis
Authors: Rupali Kapoor  , Rupali  , Sakshi Chauhan  , Swapnil Saini
Published: February 2024

A healthy lifestyle isn’t just diet and exercise. Today we go over the components of leading a healthy lifestyle and how it’s important to lead a balanced life. In general, most would agree that a healthy person doesn’t smoke, is at a healthy weight, eats a balanced healthy diet, thinks positively, feels relaxed, exercises regularly, has good relationships, and benefits from a good life balance. The World Health Organization in 1946 defined health as ‘A complete state of mental, physical and social well-being not merely the absence of disease’ Vatarakta is a metabolic condition where the most common symptom is pain, which interferes with the patients' daily lives. Vatarakta is named on the basis of the Vata dosha & Rakta dosha which have their own independent derivation & are the main Samprapti Ghatak involved in the Vatarakta. Gouty arthritis is a purine metabolic condition and an inflammatory reaction to the MSUM (Monosodium Urate Monohydrate) crystals that are produced as a result of hyperuricemia.
A review on Vrikshayurveda - Upavanavinoda: Unlocking the potential of sustainable agriculture and environmental health
Authors: Singh Alka , Mishra H.S. , Agrawal Ajay Kumar
Published: February 2024

The domestication of diverse plant species to meet human needs has been an integral aspect of human society throughout history. The ancient practice of domestication and cultivation is deeply rooted. Ayurveda, recognized as a holistic health science, has devoted attention to the well-being of plant under the topic ‘Vrikshayurveda’. Various texts have been expounded dealing with Vrikshayurveda. Sharangdhar Padhdhati, a text of thirteenth century deals with the topic of cultivation and other factors affecting plant health. The description becomes more important in present day scenario with many health issues originating due to non-judicious use of chemical fertilizers, weedicides and pesticides. The chapter Vrikshayurveda: Upvanvinoda of Sharangdhar Padhdhati offers valuable insights into ancient agricultural practices. This chapter focuses on tree and plant care, provides a remarkable treasure of wisdom, detailing various techniques, principles, and holistic approaches to cultivating and nurturing plants. As modern agriculture is struggling with sustainability challenges, the revival of such traditional agricultural knowledge is quite relevant. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the chapter's content, delving into various aspects, including soil health, plant propagation, pest control, and significance of trees. Furthermore, it explores the potential applications of this ancient wisdom in modern agriculture, such as biodiversity conservation, organic farming, permaculture, crop improvement, and innovative pest management. By bridging the gap between traditional knowledge and contemporary agricultural practices, this review envisions a more sustainable and harmonious future for cultivation of herbal drugs and the environment.
Potential effects of Mudga (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) as a dietetic food and medication for diabetes
Authors: Chandrasekharan Chandini , Bhat Sulochana
Published: February 2024

The green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek), also known as Mudga in Sanskrit, is regarded by Ayurvedic science as the best pulse and one of the healthiest foods that may be regularly consumed to maintain health. Diabetes is a chronic lifestyle condition that may be controlled with diet, exercise, and contemporary medications like insulin and oral hypoglycaemic medicines. In Ayurvedic medicine, green grams are advised as both a dietetic food and a medication for diabetes. The phytochemistry of Vigna radiata, or mung beans, demonstrates its antidiabetic qualities, and a number of research using green gramme extracts have validated the capacity of mung bean to control insulin resistance and reduce blood glucose levels.
Randomised controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Rajinidvandvadi Kwatha and Nisha Amalaki Kwatha in Prameha Upadrava vis-a-vis Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Krithi Neerpady K  , Shripathi Acharya  , Pramod Shet
Published: February 2024

In Ayurveda, although there is no direct correlation for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy but the most basic symptoms mentioned under Purvaroopa and Upadrava of Prameha such as Karapada Daha, Karapadasuptata, Toda (Shoola), Harsha / Chuchumaya (tingling sensation), Shosha (wasting), Dourbalya (weakness), and Angasaad (malaise) all these resemble the condition of DPN. Pathology behind it is can be studied under Madhumeha Upadrava caused by Avarana Janya Vata Prakopa. And Upadravas are those which develop after the onset of main disease and are dependent on Pradhaana Vyadhi. It will have the same Nidaana, Dosha, and Dushyas as that of the main Disease, though they have Samprapti of its own. When main Disease is managed well, complications will disappear. With this intention, Rajanidvandvadi Kwatha one of the classical Ayurvedic formulations mentioned under Prameha whose all the ingredients are herbal in origin and are known to have Pitta and Vatahara effects but its efficacy has not been documented. Also, Rajani (Nisha) is considered to be Agraoushadha (Drug of choice) in Prameha hence an effort has been made to evaluate the efficacy of Rajanidvandvadi Kwatha in Prameha Upadrava.
Comprehensive Ayurvedic management of Sandhigata Vata : A Case Report
Authors: Ritesh Roy  , Rubal Bamal  , Kamini Soni
Published: February 2024

Sandhigata Vata is a disease associated with aging. This particular form of Vatavyadhi is mostly found in Vriddhavastha as a result of Margavarodha, which restricts daily tasks like dressing, walking, taking a bath, and so on, leaving patients incapacitated or handicapped. Treatment options include NSAIDs, calcium supplements, and finally joint replacement. In this case, arthroplasty was advised due to bilateral osteoarthritis in the knees. Pain, edema, range of motion, and walking distance all improved significantly once the therapy was completed. Internal medicine, Janu Pizhichil, and Panchtikta Ksheer Basti therapy were used to successfully treat the patient. Case: A 65 years old male patient was clinically diagnosed as a case of Sandhivata presented with the following chief complaints from 1 month. It was associated with swelling in B/L knee joint with pain, tingling sensation in right unilateral knee joint. Management: Patient was treated with Janu Pizhichil (oil bath for knee joint), Panchtikta Ksheer Basti (medicated enema) and internal medication like Panchatikta Ghrit Guggulu. Conclusion: It can be concluded that use of Baahyaparimarjan Chikitsa (classical external Ayurvedic treatment) in the background of accurate diagnosis can cure the patients suffering from osteoarthritis also no osteoporotic changes were observed in 1 month. Being safe, devoid of adverse effects, ayurvedic management is the only option to avoid painful intervals, advancement of the disease and repeated use NSAIDs.
A clinical study of Kumkumadi Tailam Nasya in Yuvan Pidaka w.s.r. to Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Suratna Banerjee  , Rashmi R.
Published: February 2024

Yuvan Pidaka is a common skin disease which generally occurs during adolescence. Acharya Sushruta described Yauvan Pidika, under the heading of Kshudrarogas.[1] It occur due to vitiation of Kapha-Vata Dosha and Rakta Dhatu,[2] producing Shalmalika-Kantaka Sadrusha Pidakas over face. Swabhava[3] (natural status) has also been considered as one of the causative factors. Though the Tarunya-Avastha (adolescent period) is the age for Shukra Pradurbhava (manifestation of Shukra Dhatu) and Sharangadhara has mentioned Vaktre Snigdhata (unctuousness on face) and Pidika (boil) formation on face as Mala (waste product) of Shukra Dhatu.[4] It is correlated with Acne vulgaris[5] a chronic inflammatory disease of Pilosebaceous Unit. Imbalanced hormonal levels also play a key role in Acne vulgaris. According to Acharyas nasal cavity is a door to provide medicinal drugs to the brain, so Nasya drugs act on brain through cavernous sinus. Observing the Sthana-Samshraya and Vyaktasthana of the disease as mentioned by Acharya Sushruta,[6] an erudite physician always treat patients with wounds in places above clavicular region, showing pain and vitiation by Kapha and Vata, selecting Nasya line of treatment. Kumkumadi Tailam has properties which alleviate vitiated Vata-Kapha and acts as Rakta Prasadhak, hence Kanti Vardhak. According to Acharya Sarangadhar,[7] Uttarkhanda 8th chapter in Marsha Nasya Taila is Srestha as Sira is Adhisthan of Kapha, and also stated that Marsha Nasya Taila can be applied in Kapha or Kapha-Vata related Vikaras with Oushad Dravyas.
Studi Perencanaan Normalisasi Sungai Sebagai Upaya Mereduksi Banjir Sungai Tabanio di Kabupaten Tanah Laut
Authors: Ayu Annisa Febryana  , Heri Suprijanto  , Dian Sisinggih
Published: February 2024

Kemiringan dasar yang relatif datar pada bagian hilir sungai dengan panjang 74,6 km membuat penumpukan sedimen serta pendangkalan muara, sehingga menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab banjir di Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Curah hujan ekstrim, kurangnya daerah resapan, bentuk sungai dan pasang surut turut menjadi penyebab banjir. Banjir di Kabupaten Tanah Laut berdampak pada ibukota kabupaten yang menjalankan fungsi agropolitan, industri, dan pesisir. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh upaya perencanaan normalisasi untuk mereduksi banjir di Sungai Tabanio Kabupaten Tanah Laut dalam mengurangi potensi banjir pada daerah sekitarnya. Perhitungan debit banjir rancangan menggunakan metode HSS Nakayasu dan diperoleh hasil Q10 = 696,65 m3/dt. Pada analisis hidrolika kondisi eksisting dengan kala ulang 10 tahun didapat tinggi limpasan maksimum setinggi 5,57 m dengan tinggi limpasan rerata 2,99 m. Dari beberapa skenario yang direncanakan dalam pengendalian banjir disarankan skenario 4 yang merupakan kombinasi normalisasi sungai, floodway, dan tanggul. Skenario tersebut dapat menghasilkan penurunan MAB maksimum sebesar 1,15 m dan penurunan MAB rerata 0,58 m tanpa limpasan.
, Pemodelan Banjir, HEC-RAS, Sungai Tabanio
Efficacy and Safety of Andrographolide and Favipiravir Versus Favipiravir Monotherapy in Patients with Mild COVID-19 Infection: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Prasoppokakorn Thaninee , Sriphoosanaphan Supachaya , Nalinthassanai Nutbordee , Roongrawee Thitaporn , Hanboonkunupakarn Pongtorn , Tangkijvanich Pisit , Rerknimitr Rungsun
Published: February 2024

Reports indicate that Andrographolide inhibits viral replication and reduces COVID-19 symptoms. This study aimed to determine Andrographolide's additional effect and safety in mild COVID-19 patients treated with favipiravir. A multicenter, open-labeled, randomized controlled trial was conducted from October 2021 to February 2022. The patients were randomized to receive a combination of Andrographolide and favipiravir or favipiravir monotherapy. The primary outcome was the occurrence rate of severe pneumonia. The secondary outcomes were symptom improvement, inflammatory biomarkers, and adverse events on days 7 and 14. 82 mild COVID-19 patients were enrolled; 43 and 39 patients received either combination therapy or favipiravir alone. Baseline characteristics were comparable. None developed severe pneumonia, requiring a mechanical ventilator. The Andrographolide group had a significant reduction of cough compared to the controlled group; 13 (30.2%) vs. 22 (56.4%), p = 0.017 on day 7 and 4 (9.3%) vs. 7 (17.9%), p = 0.025 on day 14. Moreover, the Andrographolide group had significantly lower levels of inflammatory markers on day 7, CRP (5.8 vs. 18.4 mg/L; p = 0.019) and IL-6 (2.0 vs. 21.8 pg/mL; p = 0.001) but not on day 14. Regarding safety outcomes, the Andrographolide group had significantly higher AST levels on day 7 (40.3 vs. 32.2 U/L; p = 0.030) and both AST and ALT levels on day 14 (55.3 vs. 32.0; p = 0.014 and 63.8 vs. 40.0; p = 0.022, respectively). In mild COVID-19 patients, the combination of Andrographolide and favipiravir did not demonstrate additional benefits over favipiravir alone in preventing severe pneumonia. However, Andrographolide significantly reduced cough symptoms, especially during the first week. Furthermore, despite mild transaminitis, patients treated with Andrographolide showed improvements in inflammatory markers.
Analisis Hasil Ujian Sekolah Berstandar Nasional di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Bulu pada Muatan Matematika
Authors: Latifah Inayatul , Ardiyaningrum Martalia , Putri Mufida Awalia , Arifin Ahmad Syamsul
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze the level of difficulty of the questions and mastery of basic competencies according to the level of difficulty of the questions that have been found in the Mathematics subject in the national standard elementary school exam results in Bulu sub-district, Temanggung. This research uses a quantitative approach using descriptive methods. The population in this study is data from the USBN results in the Bulu sub-district with a sample of 35 questions answered by 613 grade 6 students, in terms of the level of difficulty the questions were classified as sufficient or medium. This can be seen from the calculation results which show that of the 30 multiple-choice questions that are classified as difficult questions, there are 4 questions (13%), 17 medium questions (57%), and 9 easy questions (30%). Meanwhile, for the 5 essay questions in the difficult category, 1 question (20%), 4 medium questions (80%), and 0 easy questions (0%).

Keyword: item analysis, USBN, level of difficulty, mathematics
Unmet Needs, Barriers, and Satisfaction with Access to Assistive Technology Among Patients Attending Otorhinolaryngology, Ophthalmology, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, and Orthopedic Departments Of a Tertiary Care Center of Pathanamthitta District in Kerala, India : Protocol for A descriptive pilot study". (Preprint)
Authors: Mani Sapna Meryl , K.R. Aysha Rinda , David Benjamin , K. M Augustine , Tharayil Betsy , Rajan K.V. , George Asha , Nath Sanjay , V. R Reshma , John Anjum Susan
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Assistive technology includes any assistive device or software that is used to improve, maintain, or increase the functional capabilities of those with disabilities. Assistive technology is a fundamental human right. Addressing the unmet need of assistive products is important for achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Very few countries have developed effective national assistive technology policies or programs. The gap between the haves and the have nots is very wide in the Assistive Technology industry.

OBJECTIVE

This research aims to understand the unmet needs of assistive technology in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Central Kerala, India.

METHODS

After institutional review board review and approval, patients who require assistive technology from the departments of Otorhinolaryngology. Ophthalmology, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation(PMR), and Orthopedics will be identified and those who meet the inclusion criteria selected for the study. A signed informed consent will be obtained from each participant willing to participate in the study. In the event that participants cannot be contacted during their hospital visits, they will be asked for willingness to participate in the study, through telephone calls, after explaining the details about the study. The questionnaire will be administered in English/Malayalam or in any language the participant is comfortable with. Telephonic or direct interview methods will be used to collect data.

RESULTS

The study will have 40 participants from each of the departments of Otorhinolaryngology, Ophthalmology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Orthopedics. After data collection, information will be entered into Excel sheets and analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Numerical variables will be expressed as mean and standard deviations. Categorical variables will be expressed as frequencies with percentages. To study the factors associated with access to Assistive Technology, chi-square tests will be used.

CONCLUSIONS

We plan to disseminate the summarized information collected through this study to regional public health conferences and also publish the results of our study in journals. At the same time, we hope to inform the administrators of our hospital about our findings so they can make informed policy decisions for people who require Assistive Technology.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Testing generalizability of Crystal Bone, an AI/ML osteoporotic fracture risk prediction algorithm, using real-world evidence from three US health systems (Preprint)
Authors: Mody Elinor , Sellmeyer Deborah E. , Joy Elizabeth , Rosenflanz Tim , Simon David , Veytsman Yelena , Andersen Chris , Mohammad Hamida , Kelley Tina , Batcher Betsy , Perry Kaitlyn I. , Oates Mary
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Real-world osteoporosis screening and treatment rates remain low despite guideline recommendations. Crystal Bone is a novel artificial intelligence/machine learning algorithm developed using a large Optum de-identified electronic health record (EHR) dataset to identify patients likely experiencing a fracture within 2 years.

OBJECTIVE

This analysis tested the generalizability of Crystal Bone in three US EHR datasets.

METHODS

Patients ≥50 years old with ≥2 EHR International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes, ≥2 years of consecutive EHR history, and ≥4 years of database time since their first EHR ICD code in Optum Care Reliant Medical Group dataset (December 2014 – November 2020), Stanford Health Care dataset (January 2010 – August 2021), and Intermountain Health dataset (January 2012 – May 2022) were included. The primary outcome was area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) for fracture prediction.

RESULTS

Eligible patients (n=106,328) in Reliant and a random test subset in Stanford (n=25,668) and Intermountain Health (n=43,000) were scored by Crystal Bone. AUROC ranged from 0.74 to 0.77 across datasets. As a pre-screening tool providing adjunctive information if further patient review/follow-up is needed, Crystal Bone, at fracture risk threshold of ~0.15 was associated with positive predictive value across datasets of 18%–26%, at which the burden of screening/follow-up versus fracture offset seemed reasonable; negative predictive value (96%–98%) and specificity (97%–99%) were high. Sensitivity (16%–21%) was similar to other fracture prediction models. Among 3,715 patients with Crystal Bone scores above 0.15 in all datasets, 38%–62% had no prior osteoporosis intervention and 8%–23% had no fracture history.

CONCLUSIONS

Applying Crystal Bone to EHR data successfully identified patients at risk of fracture within 2 years, including those not detected previously. Automated fracture risk prediction by Crystal Bone demonstrated consistent accuracy and precision across three different US healthcare systems, supporting the generalizability of the algorithm.
REE Speciation in Fluoride-Carbonate-Chloride Cooling Hydrothermal Fluids in the Presence of Barite and Celestine (Thermodynamic Modeling)
Authors: Shironosova Galina , Prokopyev Ilya
Published: February 2024

A thermodynamic study was carried out in order to determine the forms of transport for the entire series of lanthanides and their ratio with changing parameters of a hydrothermal fluid of moderate concentrations of chloride, carbonate and fluoride components. Hydrothermal solution, cooling from 500 to 100 ∘C, affected barite and celestine, which are used as a source of sulfate sulfur, monazite as a source of rare earth elements (REE) and phosphorus, and calcite as a source of calcium. It has been established that, under weakly acidic (pH about 4.1) conditions, the equilibrium mineral association is represented by rare earth fluorite, monazite, rare earth fluorapatite, and strontiobarite. In the high-temperature region for light and medium REE, the leading is the first chlorocomplex LnCl+2. For heavy REE, the second fluorine complex LnF+2 takes the first place, except for terbium and dysprosium, for which a sharp predominance of the sulfate complex is revealed. A special picture is observed at 100 ∘C: the leading position is occupied by Ln+3 for both light and heavy REE. In the case of a near neutral weakly alkaline fluid (pH about 7.1), the equilibrium mineral association is represented by calcite, monazite, REE-fluorite, REE-fluorapatite, strontiobarite, and strontianite. The appearance of the latter in natural associations may serve as an indication of the increased alkalinity of the ore-forming environment. In an equilibrium weakly alkaline fluid up to 200 ∘C, hydroxocomplexes are prevalent for all REEs with the ratio Ln(OH)03> Ln(OH)+2. The first chloro complex for light REE at 500–400 ∘C, and the second fluoro complex for medium and heavy REEs follow them. At 100 ∘C, the concentration of hydroxocomplexes sharply decreases, and fluorine and carbonate complexes come to the fore. In general, there is an increased stability of the first chlorocomplex in the high-temperature region, and with decreasing temperature, the role of REE fluorocomplexes increases. Two variants of acidity-alkalinity calculations presumably correspond to modeling of two types of fluids: greisenizing – weakly acidic and carbonatite-forming – weakly alkaline.