bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Human Resource Management (HRM) in Employee Mental Health and Well-Being for Complex Work Environments
Authors: Papademetriou Christos , Belias Dimitrios , Ragazou Konstantina , Garefalakis Alexandros
Published: July 2024

As we face a worldwide pandemic, environmental disasters, social unrest, and economic uncertainty, each individual's mental as well as physical health is critical to workplace productivity. Employee physical and mental health are now recognized as significant concerns for companies around the world. Employee well-being is no longer a benefit in human resource management, but rather a strategic requirement. Workers' well-being and health are critical components of building a positive workplace culture, and human resources (HR) is responsible for prioritizing these areas. This chapter dives into identifying the role that firms must play in guaranteeing their staff's physical and mental health, examining the issues they confront, and providing insights into successful human resource management practices. More specifically, in this chapter, the authors will look at HR's role in worker's well-being and mental health, the advantages of putting staff wellness first, and the critical tactics HR can use to build a workforce that is productive and healthy.
Change Management and Emotional Intelligence Leadership
Authors: Belias Dimitrios , Rossidis Ioannis , Mantas Chris , Ntalakos Angelos
Published: July 2024

By examining the relationship between emotional intelligence and effective leadership in times of change, this chapter aims to uncover the underlying mechanisms through which emotional intelligence influences the success of change initiatives. Additionally, the chapter seeks to identify gaps in the current literature and propose avenues for future research in this area. The goal is to provide valuable insights for leaders and professionals involved in change management, offering a deeper understanding of how emotional intelligence can be leveraged to navigate and drive organizational change. By examining these interdisciplinary connections, (organizational culture, communication strategies, and stakeholder engagement) researchers and practitioners can gain a more holistic understanding of how emotional intelligence operates within the complex dynamics of change initiatives.
Motivation and Barriers for Organisational Learning in Tourism Businesses at the Threshold of a New Era
Authors: Kakarougkas Christos , Stavrinoudis Theodoros , Belias Dimitrios
Published: July 2024

To overcome the challenges of the contemporary business environment, tourism businesses must implement transformative changes in their human resource management. Acquiring appropriate skills and attitudes through in-house education and training programs is crucial for employees to adapt to these changes. However, there are forces within businesses that prevent employees from participating in education and training programs. To overcome these forces, tourism businesses should reinforce countervailing forces to motivate employees to learn. This chapter uses force field analysis to highlight the motivation and strategies that can play a role in strengthening the willingness of tourism business's employees to learn while overcoming the forces that reinforce their refusal to participate in in-house training. The chapter provides a new codification of earlier research on the motivation for learning, facilitating managers of tourism businesses to make decisions regarding human resources training.
Group Dynamics in a Multicultural World
Authors: Ntalakos Angelos , Belias Dimitrios , Rossidis Ioannis , Papademetriou Christos , Koustelios Athanasios , Tsigilis Nikolaos
Published: July 2024

The phenomenon of globalization combined with demographic changes have created the necessity to investigate the conditions and the consequences of different team members working together. The purpose of this chapter is to investigate how the concept of workplace diversity (including its sub-variables) can affect the performance of a working group. For this reason, a research was conducted using the methodology of literature review. The outcome of the literature review showed that workplace diversity is strongly connected with group performance. In addition, the findings of this chapter indicate under which conditions workplace diversity can enhance group performance.
The Impact of Women in the Maritime Industry and the Evolution of Their Role in the Last Decades
Authors: Vasiliadis Labros , Filtikakis Emmanouil , Tsitsakis Christos
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is to examine and analyze the impact of women in the maritime industry and the evolution of their role in the last decades. The study will investigate the different roles that are in existence for women in shipping, initiatives taken especially for them and industry survey highlights. The research aims to provide insights into the challenges, benefits and general statistics associated with the presence of women within the shipping industry, offering recommendations for further evolving their role and making their presence even stronger in the next few years.
Conceptual and Thematic Analysis of Work-Family Enrichment
Authors: Kumar Sunil
Published: July 2024

This study advances understanding of work-family enrichment (WFE) through a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis, assessing its effects on workplace satisfaction and performance. It identifies how WFE enhances job satisfaction, mental health, and organizational commitment by examining the interplay between work experiences and family life, supported by conducive workplace cultures and policies. The research, noting a growth in WFE studies, calls for further exploration of how workplace policies, leadership, and gender dynamics impact WFE. This aims to guide effective HR practices, promoting a supportive environment for balancing professional and personal life.
Risk Management Practices in Sustainable Supply Chain Management
Authors: Tabaklar Tunca
Published: July 2024

Supply chain management has become more complex due to recent disruptions in business ecosystems. With these disruptions, supply chains now face a greater number of risk sources, particularly with the adoption of sustainability measures. Thus, this chapter aims to deepen the understanding of risk management practices within sustainable supply chain management. Resource orchestration theory is utilized as a theoretical lens to conceptualize risk management practices in sustainable supply chains through dynamic and relational capabilities. Theory synthesis and an integrative review are employed for the conceptualization in the chapter. The findings and discussion demonstrate that the resource orchestration perspective can guide managers and researchers in developing capabilities to understand and address challenges related to risks within sustainable supply chain management. If these capabilities are properly orchestrated by managers in a sustainable supply chain, they enable organizations to survive in a rapidly changing environment.
Simulation of Green Supply Chain Design With Renewable Energy and Green Technology for Intensifying Sustainability After COVID-19
Authors: Bhattacharjee Amitab , Afshar Jahanshahi Asghar
Published: July 2024

Renewable energy and green technologies can enhance global sustainability by improving green business practices, fostering economic growth, and ensuring ecological safety. This chapter introduces cost-effective and eco-friendly simulation techniques for green supply chain design to enhance long-term sustainability in the post-COVID-19 era. The proposed green supply chain simulation could effectively revitalize low-carbon economic growth in Mexico, Europe, and other continents, while significantly reducing supply chain costs, carbon intensity, and firms' dependency on coal or nuclear-sourced electricity. Considering future global demands for energy and hi-tech applications, the authors propose green simulation techniques and strategies to magnify competitive advantages through the integration of clean energy and green technologies into supply chains. Thus, this chapter contributes to the successful implementation of global zero-emission policies, sustainable development, and encourages firms to transition into low-carbon supply chains with higher profitability.
A Machine Learning-Based Crop Diseases Detection and Management System
Authors: Kumar Rao Bangole Narendra
Published: July 2024

This work proposes an innovative solution to address crop diseases. The objectives include developing a machine-learning model for rapid disease identification and designing a user-friendly mobile application. The machine learning model, employing convolutional neural networks and transfer learning, is integrated into the mobile app for on-the-go disease diagnosis. Key features include image analysis, disease identification, and real-time treatment recommendations. This work termed CropGuard aims to empower farmers, regardless of technical proficiency, through accessible and efficient crop disease management. This aligns with the broader goal of sustainable agriculture by enabling timely interventions, reducing crop losses, and promoting increased productivity.
Advanced Computational Forecasting for Agri-Business Supply Chain Resilience
Authors: Rath Kali Charan , Panda Lakshmi Prasad , Rao N. V. Jagannadha , Mohanta Gopal Krushna , Panda Anmol
Published: July 2024

This chapter focuses on using advanced statistical methods to improve predictions in the agri-business sector. It integrates cutting-edge computational techniques and statistical models to address supply chain disruptions in agriculture. The main goal is to create a robust forecasting framework that predicts market trends, demand fluctuations, and enhances supply chain resilience. The novelty lies in combining advanced statistical methodologies like time series analysis, predictive modeling, and data-driven insights for a comprehensive approach. This aims to improve supply chain management in agri-business by fostering adaptability and resilience in changing market conditions.
Barriers of Agrisupply Chain Management
Authors: Satapathy Suchismita , Chauhan Hullash , Mishra Meghana , Jena Hemalata , Sahu Rita K.
Published: July 2024

In the agriculture sector, farmers do supply chain activity on their fields continuously in difficult weather conditions without using any modern technology or tools. Their work is usually manual and repetitive in nature. So, farmers suffer from musculoskeletal disorders and body pain. The use of tractors has in some way resolved the heavy manual work of farmers. However, the noise and vibration of tractors during work also have a negative impact on their bodies. The discomfort and static posture of farmers during tractor driving on rough agricultural ground led to muscle pain and stiffness. Sometimes slipped discs occur due to jerks on rough ground. So, this study is aimed at finding the risk factors that lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) in tractor operators or farmers using tractors for agricultural purposes. Hence, a study is conducted on farmers driving tractors for performing agricultural operations with ergonomic tools such as rapid upper limb assessments (RULA) and quick exposure checks (QEC).
Behind the Barriers
Authors: Mahapatra Puspalata , Lenka Lopamudra
Published: July 2024

Agricultural credit provision plays a vital role for farmers, producers, and business entrepreneurs giving them access to the funds for multiple purposes. The research culminates in the development of a conceptual model that outlines the multifaceted challenges confronted by the Indian agricultural industry while accessing the credit for their sustainable development. In the present study, thorough analysis has been done with the help of AHP technique to find out the identified key challenges which hinders the establishment and growth of agri-business activities in rural sector of India. This document will be helpful to the small agri-businessmen, rural agri-entrepreneurs, and producers while getting credit facility by the banks and other financial institutions. It will also be helpful to government and policy makers to overcome these challenges, so that proper coordination among financial markets, agri-entrepreneurs, and government will be established. It would further influence and encourage the investors to invest in agri projects on a massive scale in future.
Design of Wheels of Agri-Rover for Both Dry and Wet Surfaces (Run-Way)
Authors: Mishra Ruby , Pani Siddhant , Dey Tamal , Chattopadhyay Pratyush , Bhattacharjee Biswajit , Mukherjee Arkaprava , Pandey Anish
Published: July 2024

The agricultural sector is susceptible to changes in output, methods, and modernization, much like other industry sectors. Farmers' methods of labouring in the fields may be altered by agricultural robots. An agri-rover is most beneficial to farmers since it reduces the time required to plant seeds in the field. It is also possible to automate other farming procedures. The goal of the rover created for this project is to provide farmers with automated planting and ploughing. The wheel and tire system is necessary for easy mobility on uneven, dry, and wet surfaces. Thus, the right wheels are chosen. A problem for this project was the apparatus's weight. The rover's weight was raised by having too many joints and links, which also made manufacturing it more difficult. For the rover to be able to withstand drastic temperature changes throughout its year-round operation, certain materials must be chosen. This is because the rover would function throughout all four seasons, from seed sowing to harvest. Ansys modelling was used to simulate stress, load, and deformation analyses.
IoT, AI, and Robotics Applications in the Agriculture Sector
Authors: Kumar Atin , Karn Nitish , Sharma Himani
Published: July 2024

This chapter explores the transformative impact of internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (A.I.), and robotics in modern agriculture. By addressing challenges such as climate change, water scarcity, and labor shortages, these technologies have revolutionized farming practices, enabling precise monitoring of crops, data-driven decision-making, and increased operational efficiency. The integration of advanced A.I. algorithms and robotic systems has led to optimized resource utilization, reduced environmental impact, and enhanced sustainable practices. However, challenges such as cost, data security, and adoption barriers must be addressed to fully realize the potential of these technologies. The chapter also highlights future trends and areas for research and development, emphasizing the potential for further innovation and sustainable farming practices in the agriculture sector.
LSTM-Based Deep Learning for Crop Production Prediction With Synthetic Data
Authors: Verma Aditi , Boggavarapu Shivani , Bharadwaj Astha , N. Prabakaran
Published: July 2024

The Agri-industry forms the backbone of the economy and livelihood. Hence, efficient planning on resources and ensuring a steady food supply is vital. This model discusses the challenges of accurately predicting crop yields influenced by multiple dynamic factors. Traditional models suffer with the complexity, thus leading to inaccurate predictions. Also, the availability of reliable training data is scarce, which poses an additional problem in training. Existing solutions range from traditional statistical models based on historical data to modern AI techniques. While these approaches are better than conventional methods, they are still unable to address data scarcity, non-linear interactions and the dynamic complexities. This model aims to overcome the limitations using long short-term memory (LSTM) and integrating synthetic data. LSTM is able to decipher complex patterns and synthetic data provides additional training samples that can enhance accuracy. The overall potential of this proposed solution can help mitigate food scarcity and strengthen sustainability.
Waste Management and Its Impact on Food Security
Authors: Siddiqui Saman , Chauhan Hullash , Kumar Ashish
Published: July 2024

This chapter delves into the complex relationship between waste management and global food security, tackling issues like resource scarcity, environmental harm, and technological obstacles. It employs a multifaceted approach, including literature review, data analysis, case studies, expert interviews, and stakeholder surveys, to explore waste generation, disposal, and their impact on resources vital for food production. Key sections cover waste sources and composition, environmental effects of poor waste management, and an in-depth look at waste-to-energy technologies. The chapter also stresses the importance of waste management in sustainable agriculture, discussing methods for recycling organic waste and implementing circular economy principles. Additionally, it examines food loss and waste in the supply chain, identifying inefficiencies and proposing strategies for improvement. Overall, the chapter advocates for integrated policies and smart waste management rules, emphasizing the role of recycling in enhancing soil health and promoting resilient and healthy communities.
Advanced Treatment Technologies for Pollutants Removal in Wastewater
Authors: Fawzy Mariam E. , Ahmed Hussein M. , F. Nassar Hossam
Published: July 2024

Conventional wastewater treatment technologies have been extensively studied for degrading organic matter, suspended solids, nutrient removal, and lowering microbial loads. They produce acceptable-quality effluent, but researchers have reported several limitations. Recently, advanced wastewater treatment technologies have preceded as an alternative to the degradation of recalcitrant wastes such as persistent organic compounds (POPs), pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), and heavy metals (H.M). They can be physical, chemical, biological, or integration between one or more technologies. This is to meet the requirements for reuse for different purposes, minimize or prevent the negative impacts on the environment, and create new untraditional water resources to solve the water shortage problem. This article is a collected review of advanced wastewater treatment technologies. Also, the applications of these technologies with special concern for partially/hardly degradable pollutants from wastewater are indicated. They are eco-friendly, cost-effective, low-energy systems with a small footprint. Their selection depends on the characterization of wastewater, biodegradability, available footprint, quality of treated effluent required, cost, availability of funds, and personal skills.
Critical Success Factors for Public-Private Partnerships in the Development of Mega Power Generation Infrastructures in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fernando S. N. , Nanayakkara K. G. M. , Hapugoda A. K. N. S. S.
Published: July 2024

Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) seeks alternative financing through Public Private Partnerships (PPP) due to non-cost-reflective tariff losses and debt overhang, relying on maturity in critical success factors. Thus, the research examines the success factors of Public Private Partnerships in developing power generation infrastructures in Sri Lanka, using quantitative data from a questionnaire distributed to stakeholders in CEB. The data analysis tools of descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data. The economic viability of the project, credibility of government policies, legal and regulatory framework, equitable risk allocation, transparent and efficient procurement process, financial market, a strong and good private consortium, and political stability, were found as the main CSFs for the development of mega power plants. The study was concentrated on the public agency of CEB, for generalization investigation to be extended to private investors, practitioners, and policymakers in the power sector. Further, a comprehensive study on the exploration of CSF to attract private investors to PPP for the development of mega power plants in Sri Lanka would be most beneficial to the industry. The framework developed in this research would be the benchmark for identifying critical success factors for improvement in PPP projects in Sri Lanka.
Stock Reverberation Due to International Trade Related Economic Factors
Authors: Jeyalakshmi R. , Suresh R. , Prabaharan T. , Keerthana B.
Published: July 2024

The economic activities of a nation are measured through various macroeconomic factors such as GDP, EXIM rate, unemployment level, Wholesale Price Index (WPI), and Consumer Price Index (CPI). Numerous studies have focused on identifying the association between inflation and stock prices, with some also highlighting the relationship between gold prices and stock price volatility. This study uses exchange rate and balance of trade as indicators to predict stock price volatility in China. The stock price volatility is measured using the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index (SSE Composite Index). An analytical method is employed to evaluate the involved variables, with Johansen integration used to determine the relationships between them. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is utilized to model these relationships. The Granger causality test and Johansen co-integration test measure the causal relationships of economic variables on the stock market indices. The findings indicate that the exchange rate positively influences stock prices, whereas the balance of trade shows a negative relationship. The exchange rate Granger-causes stock prices, but the reverse is not true. A similar Granger-causing relationship exists between the balance of trade and stock prices. The study also reveals that while the exchange rate of RMB to USD may not have a strong impact on stock prices, the exchange rates of other currencies may significantly influence China's stock prices.
Effectiveness of Using Candlestick Charts to Forecast Ethereum Price Direction: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Senanayaka N. I. M. B. , Pathberiya H. A.
Published: July 2024

Cryptocurrency is a form of decentralized digital currency. Ethereum is the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization and the largest altcoin. Cryptocurrencies including Ethereum are highly volatile. Hence, shortterm directional forecasts in the cryptocurrency market have become a widely discussing topic. Candlestick charts are useful visualizations of the open, high, low and close prices which can identify patterns and gauge the near-term direction of prices. This research explores the effectiveness of forecasting hourly Ethereum closing price direction based on candlestick charts within a short time horizon. The proposed forecasting algorithm incorporates clustering methods such as fuzzy K-means, K-means and partition around medoids clustering to cluster candlestick chart properties namely upper shadow length, body length and lower shadow length. Classification methods such as random forest, support vector machine and K-nearest neighbour were used to forecast closing price direction using 16 different predictor variable sets including open, high, low and close prices, candlestick chart price direction, USL, BL and LSL. The accuracy for all considered cases was around 50%. Clustering improved the accuracy slightly and including the CPD with the predictor variable sets under consideration can increase the accuracy slightly. However, this approach is performing better in predicting the Down cases to the total number of actual Down cases because there is a higher sensitivity of 81.20% based on the SVM with Open, High, Low and Close at t in the clustering ignored method.
Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir kultuurgeskiedenis 1 & 2
Authors: Snyman P.H.R.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Daniëlskuil - die tronk-mite
Authors: Snyman P.H.R.
Published: July 2024

The Northern Cape town of Daniëlskuil takes its name from a natural hole or cave in the vicinity. To explain the origin of the name, a myth was connected with this hole, namely that the Griqua used it as a prison. In this article the origin of the name Daniëlskuil has been analysed critically as part of a process to clear history of such myths. Research suggests that it is very unlikely that the cave was ever used as a prison.
End-tidal-to-arterial PCO2 ratio as a prognostic value in mechanically ventilated patients at respiratory intensive care unit
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Mustafa , Elassal Gahan Mohamed , Abdel Hamid Hossam M.
Published: July 2024

Background

Dead space refers to the part of each tidal volume that does not contribute to gas exchange. It serves as an indicator of lung function efficiency.

Aim

To evaluate the end-tidal-to-arterial PCO2 ratio and Acute Physiological and Chronic Health Assessment (APACHE IV) scoring system as prognostic values in mechanically ventilated patients at the respiratory intensive care unit (ICU).

Patients and methods

This prospective cohort research was done on 40 mechanically ventilated patients due to different respiratory causes who were admitted at the respiratory ICU at Ain Shams University hospitals.

Results

This study found that decreasing end tidal PCO2 (PETCO2)/arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is associated with higher mortality amongst mechanically ventilated cases in respiratory ICU. A significant negative association between APACHE IV score and end-tidal to arterial PCO2 ratio following 1 h and after 24 h of mechanical ventilation. APACHE IV score showed a significant relation with mortality, being higher in survivors than nonsurvivors.

Conclusion

PETCO2/PaCO2 is a relevant prognostic value that reflects dead space ventilation among mechanically ventilated patients in respiratory ICU. APACHE IV score is a good mortality predictor in respiratory ICU.
Significance of Runt-related transcription factor 1 and Notch1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer: involvement in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy resistance
Authors: Rashad Heba M. , Ahmed Hanan , Mohamed Samar N. , Eleleimy Hiam A. , Abdel-Aal Ebtehal M.
Published: July 2024

Objective

One of the main obstacles to treating patients with non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC) is the emergence of drug resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy.

Aim

To investigate the prognostic relevance of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) and Notch1 in NSCLC and to evaluate their potential involvement in induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and resistance to EGFR-TKI therapy.

Materials and methods

Immunohistochemical study of RUNX1, Notch1, E-cadherin, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) was conducted upon 83 cases diagnosed as NSCLC. The research was conducted in the departments of pathology, chest, and medical oncology of the Faculty of Medicine, Benha University.

Results

A significant relation was found between RUNX1 and sex (P=0.001), smoking history (P=0.002), and tumor grade (P=0.002). High RUNX1 expression was associated with poor OS and DFS (P=0.003 and 0.005), respectively. Cases with positive Notch1 expression were significantly associated with tumor grade (P=0.005) and tumor stage (P=0.024). A significant association was detected between Notch1 expression and poor OS and DFS (P=0.025 and 0.011), respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between RUNX1 and Notch1 expressions (P=0.040). Moreover, high RUNX1 and positive Notch1 expressions were significantly associated with negative E-cadherin and positive HIF-1α expressions. Resistance against EGFR–TKI therapy was significantly associated with high RUNX1, positive Notch1, negative E-cadherin, and positive HIF-1α expressions, in EGFR-mutated cases.

Conclusions

RUNX1 and Notch1 may be involved in therapy resistance through the induction of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and may serve as prognostic markers in patients with NSCLC.
A Qualitative Study of the Initiation, Causes, and Consequences of Drug Addiction
Authors: Wani Haroon Rashid , Ahmed Atiq
Published: July 2024

Background:

Drug addiction is a social problem that affects people all over the world, Increased manufacturing, distribution, promotion, availability, and social values contribute to this issue.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of this study was to explore the causes of substance abuse among users and its impacts.

Materials and Methods:

The study’s findings were derived through primary research. In-depth interviews with substance users undergoing treatment at a de-addiction center in Srinagar were carried out in June 2022–July 2022. This study included a thematic analysis of the stories of 20 participants.

Results:

Data gathered through participant narratives revealed personal experiences as well as common themes. A total of 3 themes emerged from the codes, the themes include (1) Initiation of substance abuse (2) Causes associated with substance abuse (3) Consequences of substance abuse.

Conclusion:

We conclude that the problem of substance abuse in Kashmir has assumed rising dimensions: curiosity, academic pressure, increasing economic stress, and easy accessibility are leading to initiation into substance abuse. It also reveals the harmful effects of substance abuse. Heroin is mostly used substance by abusers for the first time; substance abuse is on the rise, which is highly concerning for every member of society.
Examining Factors Associated with Retention and Abstinence in Abstinence-based Treatment for Heroin Dependence: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chawla Nishtha , Chatterjee Biswadip , Saini Romil , Sen Mahadev Singh , Mathur Rahul , Pakhre Ashish , Verma Suraj
Published: July 2024

Background:

Retention in abstinence-based treatment is often studied in the context of sociodemographic/clinical factors with scant literature on individual factors such as craving, personality, coping, and social support.

Aims:

A pilot study was conducted to assess the personality, coping strategies, social support, and craving during discharge, among individuals diagnosed with opioid (heroin) dependence syndrome and examine their retention into treatment and abstinence status at 3-month follow-up.

Methods:

Fifty-three male inpatients with heroin dependence were included in the study and their personality, coping strategies, social support, and craving for heroin were assessed using structured instruments, namely, Big Five Inventory-version 2 (BFI-2), coping strategies inventory (CSI), Social Support Questionnaire-Hindi adaptation, and Obsessive–Compulsive Drug Use Scale, respectively. The initial assessment was made at predischarge, followed by a 3-month follow-up for treatment retention and illicit opioid abstinence.

Results:

The mean age of the sample was 26.8 ± 8.6 years, with a mean duration of opioid use 6.6 ± 5.9 years. Around 80% (n = 43) followed up at 3 months, of whom 22 respondents reported sustained abstinence during the follow-up period. No significant differences were noted in the sociodemographic or clinical profile amongst those who remained in follow-up versus those who did not and based on who remained abstinent or not at 3 months. Problem-focused disengagement coping on CSI and openness-to-experiences scores on BFI-2 were significantly higher among individuals who did not follow up, while agreeableness scores on BFI were significantly elevated in those who remained abstinent.

Conclusions:

Although a small sample size, the study highlights the importance of tailoring interventions to match the particular coping mechanisms and personality traits of individuals grappling with opioid dependence.
Integration of Oral Health Education into Medical Curriculum: Primary Care Perspective
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , Chowdhary Tina , Grover Alka
Published: July 2024

Oral health is an Integrating oral health education into medical curricula and is increasingly recognized as important for health-care professionals. Oral health education in medical education is significant. The relationship between systemic diseases and oral health is significant. Poor oral health can contribute to the development or exacerbation of various systemic conditions, whereas systemic diseases can also manifest symptoms in the oral cavity.
Re-irradiation in High-grade Glioma: An Experience from A Series of Five Patients
Authors: Nath Jyotiman , Bhattacharyya Mouchumee , Nath Joydeep , Das Abhinandan , Das Jahnabi , Yanthan Yanpothung
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

The management of recurrences or residual lesions following radiation therapy for brain tumors poses a challenging clinical scenario, necessitating careful consideration for treatment strategies. There is no standard of care for patients with recurrent high-grade glioma. Treatment strategies include resection, re-irradiation, systemic agents, and intratumoral thermotherapy using magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (nanotherapy). A small percentage of patients can undergo repeat surgery and re-radiation is also a matter of concern due to anticipated toxicities. However, advancements in radiation technology have made people more willing to consider re-irradiation. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent re-irradiation for high-grade glioma. In total, five patients were included in the study. All five patients had anaplastic astrocytoma. All patients were considered for surgery, followed by radiation therapy during the initial treatment. Three patients had an average of 4 years of symptom-free survival, while the other two had symptoms ranging from moderate to severe. Three of the five patients died within 1 year of taking the re-radiation; however, two patients are still in follow-up.
Rhabdoid Differentiation in Wilms Tumor
Authors: Aashita  , Kaur Jaspreet , Choudhury Apratim Roy , Yadav Vikas , Thakur Pragyat
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

Wilms tumor (WT) is a relatively common pediatric tumor. Depending on the stage of disease, treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can induce differentiation of tumor cells to rhabdoid morphology that can masquerade as rhabdoid tumor of the kidney. We report a rare case of WT with rhabdoid differentiation subsequent to treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney was initially considered a sarcomatous variant of WT, however was later classified separately due to distinct behavior. This makes it challenging to differentiate from WT with rhabdoid differentiation which is important as that would also affect the aggressiveness of treatment and prognosis.
The evaluation of human endogenous retroviral env expression in normal and cancerous tissues of the breast
Authors: Tavakolian Shaian , Goudarzi Hossein , Faghihloo Ebrahim
Published: July 2024

Background:

Both internal and external risk factors can accelerate the progression of breast cancer which is the reason why clinicians have tried to find new biomarkers for this health problem. Human endogenous retrovirus-W (HERV-W) can be one of these biomarkers, as it has been mentioned that some genes of this virus are able to have either higher or lower expression in numerous cancerous cells. In this study, we aimed to compare HERV-W envelope expression in breast cancer tissues and normal ones since its effects on this malignancy have not been clear.

Materials and Methods:

We collected 46 breast cancer tissues and their normal adjacent ones. After extracting the RNA of breast samples, we evaluated the expression of HERV-W envelope syncytin-1 and 2 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in different kinds of breast cancer stages.

Results:

Data showed that more than 13% of patients had a family history of breast cancer; moreover, approximately half of the tissues were estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor positive. Lymph node metastasis was seen in 52% of the patients, and about 40% of tumors were larger than 2 cm. Real-time PCR showed that syncytin-1 and 2 had upward regulation with (*P < 0.05) and (**P < 0.01), respectively.

Conclusion:

As the expression of HERV-W Env (syncytin-1, syncytin-2) was higher in breast cancerous tissues in comparison with normal ones, we believe that these genes may have a role to play in monitoring patients suffering from this type of cancer. However, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
The connection between hypertension and diabetes and their role in heart and kidney disease development
Authors: Hezam Ali Ahmed Mohammed , Shaghdar Hanan Basheer Mohammed , Chen Liying
Published: July 2024

Hypertension and diabetes are two common metabolic disorders that often coexist in the same individual. Their concurrence increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, renal dysfunction, and other complications. Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with diabetes, and hypertension further aggravates this condition. Interestingly, hypertension and diabetes share several common pathophysiological mechanisms including insulin resistance, vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, and oxidative stress suggesting a cross-talk between these two conditions that could potentially contribute to the development of other human diseases. Effective management of diabetes should include a multifaceted approach that addresses not only glycemic control but also blood pressure (BP) and lipid control. Treatment plans should be individualized to each patient’s needs and should involve a combination of lifestyle modifications and medications to achieve optimal control. With the availability of newer antidiabetic medications such as SGLT inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists, it is crucial to consider their potential to reduce BP, enhance kidney function, and lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases when initiating treatment for glycemic control. A more profound comprehension of the shared underlying mechanisms between these conditions could pave the way for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to tackle them. Our review offers an in-depth analysis of the literature, providing a holistic view of the mechanisms underlying diabetes-hypertension comorbidity and its implications on heart and kidney diseases. The present article concludes by discussing current approaches for managing hypertensive diabetic patients to create a set of comprehensive individualized recommendations.
Significance of fragmented QRS and predictors of outcome in ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Türkmen Serdar , Bozkurt Mehmet , Hoşoğlu Yusuf , Göl Mehmet
Published: July 2024

Background:

Fragmented QRS (fQRS) might be associated with certain characteristics in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and inhospital adverse events.

Materials and Methods:

A sum of 500 patients were gone over retrospectively. Patients with STEMI, all undergone percutaneous coronary intervention, were grouped as fQRS (−) and fQRS (+). Characteristics of the patients, major adverse cardiac event (MACE), death in hospital, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, slow flow myocardial perfusion, development of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation, cardiogenic shock and cardiopulmonary arrest were filtered.

Results:

FQRS (−) group was composed of 207 patients whose mean age was 61.1 ± 12.1, whereas 293 patients were there in fQRS (+) with a mean age of 66.7 ± 10.6 (P < 0.001). Thrombolysis in MI (TIMI) (P < 0.01), the global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) (P < 0.01) scores, white blood cell count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, MACE and the ratio of death in hospital and VT in the hospital were significantly higher in fQRS (+) group (P < 0.001, for remaining all). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, TIMI scores above 2 and GRACE scores above 109 were determined as independent predictors of MACE in the entire patient group (odds ratio [OR]: 2.022; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.321–3.424, P = 0.003; OR: 1.712; 95% CI: 1.156–2.804, P = 0.008).

Conclusion:

FQRS (+) and fQRS (−) patients markedly differ from each other in terms of certain demographic and clinical features and TIMI and GRACE scores have a significant predictive value for MACE in all STEMI patients’ group.
Therapeutic response to combination of oral isotretinoin and topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment in lichen planus pigmentosus: A case series
Authors: Garg Taru , Ahmed Riaz , Rao Anuja , Mendiratta Vibhu
Published: July 2024

Lichen Planus Pigmentosus (LPP) is a pigmentary disorder of unknown etiology, presenting with diffuse hyperpigmentation in sun-exposed areas. It is a cosmetically distressing pigmentary disorder often posing a therapeutic challenge. There are few reports showing efficacy of oral isotretinoin and topical tacrolimus in LPP. However combination of both these therapeutic modalities has not been described earlier. Herein we report a series of 10 patients who showed good response to combination of oral isotretinoin (20 mg/day) and topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment.
Evaluation of the efficiency in two different types of feeding appliances in unilateral cleft lip and palate neonates
Authors: Abdallah Rehab Mohamed Mohamed , Rashad Hoda M.A. , Fattah Fadel E.-S.A.
Published: July 2024

Objective

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of using a heat-cured acrylic feeding appliance in comparison with soft vinyl feeding appliances in neonates with nonsyndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.

Patients and methods

Twelve nonsyndromic newborn infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate were included in this study. The infants received a soft vinyl-feeding appliance from day 1 after birth until 2 weeks of age; the same infants received the heat-cured acrylic feeding appliance. With the same amount of milk (30 ml), the time taken by the infant to bottle feed was registered and recorded at two different situations; after waking up and at mid-day. The data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using SPSS software.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference between the use of the heat-cured appliances and the soft vinyl appliances in the rehabilitation of neonates with nonsyndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate regarding the time taken to feed a fixed amount of milk (30 ml) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The use of the heat-cured acrylic feeding appliance was more efficient regarding the time of feeding. On the other hand, parents preferred the soft vinyl feeding appliance for its ease of use.
The added effect of artifact reduction algorithm and ultra-low dose protocols on the accuracy of measurements obtained using Planmeca Viso G7 cone beam computed tomography
Authors: El Bahnasy Sherif S. , El Sheikh Hisham
Published: July 2024

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of linear and volumetric measurements using Planmeca Viso G7 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations acquired with ultra-low dose (ULD) and metal artifact reduction algorithm (ARA) protocols.

Materials and methods

Eight metallic spherical objects different in size with pre scanning diameter measurements using a calibrated digital caliper were fixed on a five dry human mandible. The real physical diameters and linear measurements between the metallic objects were measured. A CBCT acquisition was obtained four times with the same proper field of view, 150 μm and 100 Kv, in four scans using the Planmeca Viso G7 CBCT, machine acquisition was done with and without ARA, ULD, which is ARA, and ULD. Both acquisition protocols are inherited options in the Planmeca Viso G7 CBCT machine. All images were interpreted with the Planmeca Romexis software.

Results

Linear and volumetric measurements were found to have a nonstatistically significant difference with real measurements in the acquisition with ARA and ULD, but with a statistically significant difference with the other three acquisition sequences.

Conclusions

Using the ARA in combination with the ULD as an acquisition tool in the CBCT machine results in accurate linear and volumetric measurements, enhances image quality, and reduces metallic artifact with the lowest radiation dose.
Differential healthcare direct costs of asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in Catalonia (Spain)
Authors: Mora T , Sánchez-Collado I , Muñoz-Cano R , Ribó P , Mullol J , Valero A
Published: July 2024

Introduction: This study compares the direct healthcare costs associated with asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) from 2013 to 2017 in Catalonia (Spain) with a population control group without these conditions. Methods: A population administrative database containing healthcare information was used. The database contained information on primary care, hospitalisations, and emergency care from 2013 to 2017 in Catalonia. The unit cost of each healthcare procedure was imputed using a complete list of public prices for primary care services, hospital, and speciality services. Differential costs were estimated using a finite mixture model. Results: Individuals diagnosed with asthma or CRSwNP showed a higher incidence of comorbidities than the control group. Mean annual direct costs per patient were €1,102 for asthma, €1,612 for CRSwNP and €2,197 for those with both conditions. According to our estimations, differential costs were €162 - €274 for patients with asthma and €481 - €1,257 for patients with CRSwNP compared to the reference population. These costs were significantly higher when asthma and CRSwNP coexist and especially in their severe condition. Conclusion: This population-based study revealed that asthma and CRSwNP are associated with great economic burdens for healthcare systems. These costs were significantly higher when comorbidity was present (asthma and CRSwNP) and especially in their severe condition (€4,441).
Espacios en evolución: convergencia entre historia, diseño y sostenibilidad
Authors: Schueftan H. Alejandra
Published: July 2024

La arquitectura ha sido un reflejo de la evolución de la humanidad y sus necesidades desde las primeras construcciones humanas, simples refugios hechos de barro y paja, que fueron el paso inicial hacia estructuras que no solo proporcionaban abrigo, sino que también eran un testimonio de la capacidad humana para transformar y adaptar el entorno a sus necesidades básicas. A medida que avanzamos en la línea del tiempo, la arquitectura comenzó a tomar formas más complejas y significativas. Ya no se trata solo de …
Dimensionamiento de parasoles según zonas bioclimáticas en Perú
Authors: Wieser Martin , López-Alonso Gabriela , Flores María-Fernanda , Aquino Milagros , Guerra Francisco , Moreno Patricia
Published: July 2024

La protección solar exterior es una de las estrategias bioclimáticas más importantes en climas cálidos y templados cuyo fin es evitar el sobrecalentamiento interior y la consecuente falta de confort térmico de los ocupantes. El presente documento pretende identificar objetivamente los momentos del año y del día cuando se debe considerar la protección solar, en función del clima y de la latitud en la que se emplaza el edificio en el territorio peruano. El procedimiento no solamente permite reconocer las orientaciones ideales y ayudar en el dimensionamiento del parasol, sino que ha logrado evidenciar la necesidad de recuperar la cultura del sombreamiento de los vanos en gran parte de un territorio particularmente diverso y singular como el peruano