bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH IKLAN TV TERHADAP PENCITRAAN GAYA HIDUP PADA KARANG TARUNA KELURAHAN PAMULANG TIMUR
Authors: Shabrina Nina , Yulianti RR. Mardiana , Tumanggor Rahmayanti , Fadli Achmad Yasin , Suroto Suroto
Published: June 2021

Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) merupakan bagian integral dari Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi yang dalam pelaksanaannya tidak terlepas dari dua dharma yang lainnya, serta melibatkan segenap sivitas akademika: dosen, mahasiswa, tenaga kependidikan serta alumni. Melalui PKM sivitas akademik dapat hadir di tengahtengah masyarakat. Teknologi dapat diartikan sebagai segala sesuatu yang digunakan untuk memudahkan suatu pekerjaan. Teknologi yang kita gunakan umumnya berupa kompoter, handphone, telephone, televise, radio, dan lain-lain. Teknologi memiliki keunggulan tersendiri pada setiap fungsinya. Misalnya televisi dapat membantu memudahkan kominikasi secara luas. Televisi digunakan untuk menyiarkan berita, pertandingan olah raga, kompetisi ajang pencarian bakat, reality show, sinetron, iklan, dan sebagainya. Teknologi televisi yang digunakan untuk menyiarkan iklan memiliki keunggulan dalam promosi suatu merek produk karena dapat dilihat secara luas oleh pemirsa. Iklan adalah suatu bentuk komunikasi yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan suatu informasi tentang produk, layanan, ataupun informasi lainnya. Iklan televisi pada umumnya lebih mudah mempenggaruhi pemirsa karena setiap hari ditayangka, bahkan setiap acara televisi selalu disela dengan iklan. Dengan begitu suatu produk yang secara terus-menerus ditayangkan akan meninggalkan bekas pada ingatan pemirsa, sehingga mereka akan mulai terpengaruh dengan produk yang diiklankan. Sebuah iklan produk akan memberikan citra yang selalu memikat orang yang melihatnya. Suatu merek produk akan menarik perhatian orang yang memperhatikan iklan. Pemirsa yang melihat kemudahan-kemudahan yang ditayangkan sebuah iklan, pada akhirnya tertarik untuk memiliki produk yang diiklankan dengan maksud agar dapat meringankan pekerjaannya. Dan pada akhirnya mereka mulai berminat untuk memiliki produk tersebut. Kata Kunci: Iklan, televisi, gaya hidup
Fifteen years of the first Brazilian Centrifugal Ventricular Assist Device for long term Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support
Authors: Bock Eduardo
Published: June 2021

More than simply being a review paper and telling the story of the development of a ventricular assist device, this paper aims to critically review changes in technical nomenclature and scientific positioning, taxonomy and its applications, therapeutic indications and the results of its application in patients. After 15 years of the first Brazilian Centrifugal Ventricular Assist Device, many things have changed for the better. Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support is a therapy consolidated as a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of congestive heart failure, as well as heart transplantation and other drug therapies. It is still seen as science fiction in several countries or media, but that is a cruel reality in our post-truth and fake news times. In reality, it should receive more funding resources especially in developing countries and emerging economies with strong hospital industry of the cardiovascular field that may have surprising results with all the technology already established.
Lessons From Developing Food Policy Through A Multistakeholder Governance Network: A Case Study Of The Canadian Food Strategy
Authors: Bancerz Margaret
Published: June 2021

Globally, we are facing a food system in crisis. Now more than ever, food policies are crucial to the future of food. In Canada, there has never been a national food policy that looked at the food sector holistically. It has traditionally centred on food safety and agriculture, sidestepping many other vital issues. However, between 2010 and 2014, four non-state actors developed national food policy documents. In response to these developments, this study asks: What are some unique characteristics of
multistakeholder networks in the policymaking process? To answer this question, the Canadian Food Strategy (CFS) created in 2014 by the Conference Board of Canada (CBoC) was used as a case study. This strategy was unique because it involved a range of food policy issues, food policy actors, and had financial support from several key food industry players. Participants in this policy development experiment did not deem this strategy a success regardless of its abundant financial resources, its topic comprehensiveness, and widespread buy-in from food industry, government, and other non-governmental organizations. Semi-structured and elite interviews were used to shed light on why this case was not successful, to extract lessons from this initiative for future food policymaking efforts in Canada. This dissertation integrated wicked policy, governance, policy network, and multistakeholder literature to understand how food policy may be developed and governed in Canada. The study resulted in three key findings. First, food policy in Canada is very complex, exhibiting both tame and wicked qualities. Second, the state must have a significant position in a multistakeholder food governance network (MFGN). Lastly, while the structure of the MFGN and the actors involved in it are important to a network’s successful policy outcome, the CFS initiative revealed that process was fundamental to the outcome.
Street checks and carding: an exploration of a sergeant’s capacity to achieve policy conformance from frontline police officers
Authors: Rinkoff Paul Barry
Published: June 2021

This study aims to fill a void in the extant policy implementation literature that has overlooked the contribution of sergeants to the successful adoption of policy decisions at the frontlines. By focusing on the Regulated Interactions Policy of the Toronto Police Service and adopting a sociological institutionalism perspective, 17 sergeants representing each of the 17 divisions of the Toronto Police Service were interviewed. This research does not aim to assess the efficacy of this policy, but rather, examines its implementation. The findings show that there are a number of perceived internal and external factors that operate to facilitate or hinder a sergeant’s capacity to achieve policy conformance in a police organization in general, and to the Regulated Interactions Policy in particular. Further, these perceived factors are contextualized across the police organization. Prevalent external factors include media portrayals of the police, civilian oversight, perceived levels of respect, and relationship between the police and citizens. Dominant internal factors include supervision, internal discipline, policy and procedure, and top-down command. The findings also demonstrate the methods used by sergeants to positively influence the conformance of frontline officers in a police organization in general, and to the Regulated Interactions Policy in particular. Key methods include communication and translation, rewarding, disciplining, and being present. The findings have three broad implications. First, police officers employ a ‘logic of legitimacy’ to make conformance choices that are perceived to promote individual and organizational legitimacy by improving police relations or avoiding discipline. Second, sergeants achieve conformance from frontline officers by blending the payoffs of an authoritative approach and a supportive approach. Third, the perspective held by police officers of the state of police-citizen interaction is one that is reactive.
First Nations health policy and funding: consequences for those living With HIV/AIDS
Authors: Hillier Sean A.
Published: June 2021

In 2014-2015 Indigenous Peoples represented 17.5% of all HIV infections in Canada, yet accounted for only 4.3% of the population. In 2008, Indigenous Peoples accounted for an estimated 3.2% of people living with HIV in Ontario, while comprising 2.4% of the population. From 2009 to 2011, 2.7% of new HIV diagnoses in Ontario were Indigenous Peoples, of whom 7.2% were women. This research study sought to assess the efficacy of funding for HIV/AIDS treatment, services, programming, and care within Ontario First Nations communities. This research will improve understanding of services available to people and communities affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

The Indigenous based method of storytelling and freedom of information requests were used to capture data. Ontario First Nations people who were at least 16 years of age and living with HIV/AIDS (n=29) participated. Participants were asked five open-ended questions related to their use of and access to healthcare services. Stories were transcribed and analysed using NVivo. Transcriptions also form the bases of re-written first-person stories, detailing the life and experiences of the participants and their experiences of living with HIV/AIDS and accessing treatment, services, programming, and care.

It was found that the federal government drastically underfunds HIV/AIDS treatment and services. This is given context by powerful stories of the impact limited funding has on Indigenous people living with HIV/AIDS. Participants experienced issues with access to care and supports with many forced to leave their northern communities, either permanently or
temporarily, due to limited access to care. HIV-related stigma played a role in access to prevention, testing, and care. Participants indicated difficulties with HIV education either in understanding their own HIV status or in the lack of education within the broader community. Historical traumas (residential schooling and the 60s scoop) and discrimination were central themes to many stories, seriously affecting the lives of participants and their overall health outcomes.

The dissertation/project culminates in a list of recommendations aimed at informing a process to improve access and quality of health care for Indigenous Peoples living with HIV/AIDS. Greater access to community-based, holistic care in northern First Nations communities is urgently required.
Kiwicitowek Insiniwuk: Nehinuw governance in Nehinuw terms
Authors: Carrière Réal
Published: June 2021

Indigenous nations have diverse, complex, and ancient governance theories and practices, yet settler governments have consistently tried to eliminate these theories and practices. Despite the objectives of colonization, Indigenous people have maintained the knowledge of Indigenous governance. To understand Indigenous governance, an effort must be made to understand these theories from a specific Indigenous worldview. In other words, what is Indigenous governance in Indigenous terms? This dissertation aims to address this question by exploring governance through the knowledge of the Nehinuw by asking, what does Nehinuw knowledge teach us about Nehinuw governance? To understand Nehinuw governance from a Nehinuw worldview, the author researched using a Nehinuw theoretical framework which included specific Nehinuw research methods and a method analysis based on the Nehinuw concept of Nistotên (to understand). The findings of this dissertation consider the complexity and diversity of Nehinuw governance theory and practice that challenge mainstream perspectives of Indigenous governance and provide valuable lessons for policymakers that work in the field of Indigenous governance. The outcome of this dissertation fills more than a gap in the literature because using
the Nehinuw theoretical framework has enabled me to empower the communities covered in this dissertation, and develop, in partnership with local educators, educational resources on Nehinuw governance that can and will be used by the community to educate future generations on Nehinuw governance and become the foundation of future scholarly research and practice.

Keywords: Indigenous Governance, Indigenous Knowledge, Nehinuw Governance, Nehinuw Knowledge
Класифікація тематичних груп військово-морських термінів
Authors: Фролов С. , Крилов І.
Published: June 2021

В умовах триваючої збройної агресії Російської Федерації проти України та проведення спільних заходів оперативної підготовки Військово-Морських Сил Збройних Сил України з країнами-членами НАТО військово-морська термінологія потребує певного унормування та подальшого її впровадження в практичну діяльність сил (військ).

Метою статті є надання пропозицій з визначення тематичних груп військово-морських термінів з урахуванням стандартів НАТО для обґрунтування структури термінологічного словника.

Загальнонаукові методи які застосовувались ‑ аналіз та синтез. Вони забезпечили формулювання обов’язкових формальних атрибутів статті – формулювання проблеми, актуальність і мета статті, теоретичні положення, висновки та обґрунтування напрямків подальших досліджень.

За результатами дослідження визначена класифікація тематичних груп у складі:

Загальні положення;

Організація та підготовка сил (військ) Військово-Морських Сил;

Застосування сил (військ) Військово-Морських Сил;

Морське озброєння і військова техніка;

Кораблеводіння, військово-морська географія, гідрографія, морська навігація, гідрометеорологія.

Перелік військово-морських термінів (дефініцій) за напрямом діяльності з урахуванням термінів країн-членів НАТО може бути використаний при  розробці Воєнного Стандарту.
Tourist enterprise marketing complex: international and national aspect
Authors: Птащенко О.В. , Вовк В.А.
Published: June 2021

The main features of the marketing complex for the enterprises of the tourist branch are considered in the article.

In a market economy, the concept of marketing, as part of improving enterprise management, becomes an integral part of its activities. With the help of a number of controlled marketing variables, business entities can influence customers, stimulate them, encouraging them to certain, desirable for the company actions in the market until the purchase.

One of the elements of the marketing complex is the brand. Increasingly, it is important to use it as one of the most important marketing factors that can ensure the success of the company in the market. To a large extent, this success is due to choosing the right branding strategy. This choice, as well as the positioning and development strategy of the brand directly depend on the chosen variety.

In addition, it should be noted that the purpose of marketing is not only to benefit companies, but also to build long-term relationships with consumers, meet their demands, improve the quality of goods and services, improve the conditions of their acquisition.

It should also be noted that the formation of marketing activities at the enterprise today is impossible without a focus on modern technology. Such technologies include Internet marketing as a modern way of building a business.

Principles of tourism marketing: constant search and maximum respect for the consumer, focus on his needs and requirements, which provide the market is not goods and services, and ways to solve consumer problems; flexibility in achieving the set goal by adapting to the requirements of the market with a simultaneous targeted impact on it; a comprehensive approach to the development of marketing plans, which involves the use not of individual marketing activities, and a set of marketing, a combination of individual elements which allows you to achieve a certain goal; focus on the long-term prospects of the enterprise.

Thus, the main purpose of each enterprise is to achieve profitability and stability of services. Today it is possible to achieve only through the introduction of basic principles of marketing and the formation of a comprehensive mechanism of marketing activities. At the same time, the high cost of enterprises, for example, machine-building industry, agricultural machinery enterprises should be compensated by the introduction of modern advanced production technologies, rational use of fundamentally new materials, introduction of modern technological policy, including marketing and work aimed at improving skills. All this once again confirms the importance of marketing management today and as a consequence of the constant introduction of the latest marketing tools.
Актуалізація управління стійкістю суб’єктів діяльності в період економічної кризи
Authors: Колосов А.М.
Published: June 2021

Сучасне кризове становище економіки в світі і в Україні внаслідок карантинних заходів, що запроваджуються країнами в період пандемії коронавірусу, призводить до систематичного погіршення економічних результатів діяльності різних суб’єктів. У таких умовах залишається недоречним продовжувати традиційне управління діяльністю суб’єктів з позиції їхнього розвитку, навпаки, актуалізується потреба в новій концепції управління з позицій забезпечення їхньої стійкості як здатності протидіяти негативному впливу середовища на них в період кризи. Основний зміст управління стійкістю суб’єктів діяльності полягає в моніторингу стану спостережуваних параметрів, які найбільше відбивають виниклі нові потреби в період кризи і у визначенні наявних чи можливих ресурсів компенсації цих потреб. Обґрунтовано показник рівня поточної стійкості суб’єкту як співвідношення величини знайдених ресурсів компенсації виниклих потреб до величини самих потреб, а також запропоновано процедуру подальшого контролю його стану. Режим управління стійкістю триває, аж поки нові потреби перестають виникати, показники діяльності суб’єкту відновлюються і настає можливість повернення до режиму управління розвитком.Зміст наслідків ігнорування принципами управління стійкістю проілюстровано на прикладі дій Уряду України в процесі використання створеного Фонду боротьби з пандемією коронавірусу на рівні виниклих потреб у 64,7 мільярда грн. Рівень досягнутої стійкості на той момент не визначався і подальший моніторинг його не проводився, що вплинуло на безпідставне відновлення режиму управління розвитком, зокрема, фінансування за кошти Фонду будівництва доріг. У результаті прояву другої хвилі пандемії Уряд був вимушений знов повернутися до режиму компенсації нових виниклих потреб, що в кінцевому рахунку обернулося суттєвою втратою бюджетної стійкості, коли дефіцит державного бюджету за 11 місяців 2020 року досяг 117 мільярдів грн., що значно перевищує заплановану на рік величину дефіциту.
Sustainable development of the region's ecosystem: essence and support problems
Authors: Семененко I.M. , Галгаш Р.А. , Литовка Я.О. , Борова Г.О.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the essence of the ecosystem of the region and the problems of its sustainable development support. In particular, different interpretations of the ecosystem are identified. The ecosystem approach is presented as the basis of the concept of sustainable development.

It is proposed to define the ecosystem of the region as a set of interdependent actors and factors coordinated to improve the social, ecological and economic condition of the region. The region's ecosystem has its own structure, which is defined in the paper. Each ecosystem is characterized by a specific set of characteristics, which determine the potential for ecosystem development, including resources, barriers and needs that distinguish ecosystems in different regions. The stakeholders within the ecosystem structure include public authorities and local governments, the private sector, the public sector, as well as educational institutions and research institutions. Each stakeholder has own functions, which contribute to sustainable development of the ecosystem. The components of the region's ecosystems meet the three dimensions of the sustainable development goals, the simultaneous implementation of which is of great importance.

There are a lot of factors, which influence the region's ecosystem development. The classification of these factors is presented in the article. The factors include internal and external, resource and regulatory, positive and negative impact etc. The possible manifestation of positive and negative impact of the factors on sustainable development of the region's ecosystem is examined. The factors specific to Luhansk oblast, which are connected with the negative impact of the armed conflict, are outlined.

The necessity to create the institutional support of sustainable development of region's ecosystem is defined. Such institutional support includes regulatory, organizational, managerial, financial, economic and information components. These components are realized within the legislative framework, organizational framework, civil society framework.
‘WHEN YOUR SON ASKS YOU’.... HOW REMEMBRANCE CAN TEACH LIFE-SATISFACTION
Authors: Franzenburg Geert
Published: June 2021

Jewish-christian tradition is memory-tradition. Just from the beginning, people are confronted with the God of Abraham, Isaak and Jacob and with particular situations, which are worth remembering (Exodus, Ten Commandments). Because the Bible combines remembering and teaching („When your son”... (Dtn 6, 20)), religious education means memory-education. Like Israel in real Exile and Diaspora, young pupils and students suffer from „virtual Exile or Diaspora“, when they are dwelling within their digital global village, and in „patchwork-families“, often without real home-experience and without any sense of belonging. Suffering from such experiences of missed orientation and belonging, they feel – as discussions in schools and groups underline - unsatisfied and uncomfortable, and look for authentic coping-models. Therefore, the study emphasizes – based on narrations of elder people - on a particular religious education-approach, which facilitates life-satisfaction by memory-learning from other experiences. The focus of research is on the question, whether memory-learning, combined with religious contents, rituals and/or metaphoric, could encourage life-satisfaction, and whether there are significant differences between East (Latvia) and West (Germany). Key words: education, life-satisfaction, memory-learning, religiousness, remembrance.
Effect of storage temperature on the quality of marolo fruit (Annona crassiflora Mart) “in natura”
Authors: Silva Edson Pablo da , Freitas Flavio Augusto de , Carvalho Elizângela Elena Nunes , Cunha Junior Luis Carlos , Freitas Marcia Santos Lira de , Calderaro Fábio Leandro , Damiani Clarissa , Vilas Boas Eduardo Valerio de Barros
Published: June 2021

The adequacy of the best storage temperature for fruits and vegetables is an essential measure that helps in maintaining quality and extending shelf life. In this sense, this work aimed to study the influence of temperature on the quality of the marolo (Annona crassiflora Mart) “in natura”, where the fruits were washed, sanitized with 1,216 µM hypochlorite solution, and stored at 4 different temperatures (0, 6, 12, and 20 ° C) controlling the relative humidity (80 to 90%). The parameters color L*a*b*, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, firmness, total and soluble pectins, enzymes (pectinamethylesterase and polygalacturonase), and vitamin C were analyzed at different storage times. The maximum storage period was 8 days for fruits kept at 0 and 6 °C. The use of higher temperatures (12 and 20 °C) resulted in a shorter storage time (6 and 4 days, respectively). We found that the color parameter L*a*b* was not influenced by time and temperature during the process, while firmness and soluble solids were affected only by temperature. On the other hand, the parameters pH, titratable acidity, total and soluble pectin, enzymes (pectinamethylesterase and polygalacturonase), and vitamin C were influenced by both temperature and storage time (p <0.05). Thus, we prove that to increase shelf life and maintain the best characteristics for consumption, the marolo must be stored between 0 and 6 °C.
Computer vision devices for tracking gross upper limb movements in post-stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Souza Júlia Tannús de , Naves Eduardo Lázaro Martins , Sá Angela Abreu Rosa de
Published: June 2021

Games and virtual reality are new concepts applied to upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. To perform upper limb physiotherapy rehabilitation and restore motor skills through virtual reality resources it is necessary to use an arm tracker, which would be the input of the video game. However, one of the main issues when starting a post-stroke rehabilitation game project is choosing the most suitable gross upper limb motion tracking device. Thus, this article aims to explore the gross upper limb motion tracking devices most commonly used in the scientific literature. To carry out this research, literature searches in English were conducted up to December 2020 in the ACM, PubMed and IEEE Xplore databases. We have selected a total of ninety-five (95) articles. In these studies, we identified the most used gross upper limb motion devices and we classified them into 5 different categories: RGB-D skeletal tracking, RGB object tracking, IR marker tracking, LeapMotion and RGB markerless body tracking. We found that most studies (52%) used RGB-D skeletal tracking. In addition, we found fifteen (15) different commercial systems or tracking devices and the most used was Kinect® (47% of all studies). However, it was not possible to generalize whether one device is better than the other. Although the amount of research in this area has increased significantly in recent years, additional studies are still needed to quantify the potential of the use of gross upper limb motion tracking devices in rehabilitation with games in post-stroke treatment.
Uso da informática na atenção primária à saúde: Percepção dos enfermeiros
Authors: Cavalheiri Jolana Cristina , Silva Josiane Lima da
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo buscou identificar a percepção dos enfermeiros da atenção primária à saúde sobre o uso do computador e da informática em suas atividades diárias. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, exploratória, descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa, por meio de aplicação de formulário via Google Docs, contendo questões norteadoras, confeccionadas pela pesquisadora, com base na literatura. A amostra foi de 19 enfermeiros com idade variando de 22 a 55 anos, em sua maioria do sexo feminino. Estes não possuíam curso específico em informática e consideravam o seu conhecimento como nível básico. Contudo, constatou-se que o computador e a informática auxiliavam na organização e planejamento do cuidado, permitindo a otimização do trabalho, tornando não só mais ágeis os atendimentos, como também mais qualificados, seguros e apropriados. Entretanto, essas ferramentas estavam limitadas por motivos técnicos e operacionais.
Marketing verde – A importância do consumo sustentável para as empresas
Authors: Costa Ricardo , Conceição Márcio Magera , Silva Alessandro Rezende da , Conceição Joelma Telesi Pacheco
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é abordar algumas características que compõe o conceito de marketing verde e seus benefícios utilizados dentro das corporações, como forma de gerar uma comunicação direcionada a um determinado público, de rentabilizar seus produtos/serviços e sua importância para o sucesso das empresas junto ao mercado e ser apresentado como um diferencial competitivo. Além dos aspectos positivos perante a opinião pública, esta abordagem oportuniza um fortalecimento da marca junto aos consumidores que preferem produtos que preservam o meio ambiente e geram sustentabilidade em longo prazo.
EXPLORING CONFIDENTIAL DEDUPLICATION OF DATA USING BIG DATA IN CLOUD COMPUTING STORAGE
Authors: T Thangarasan , B Jaikumar , R Keerthana , P Prakash
Published: June 2021

To decrease the selecting time and reaction time
between Token deals and reaction, File move or download
mentioning and results. It diminishes the extent of extra
room in flowed limit. To ensure about the assurance of
information differential confirmed copy check is utilized.
It presents this supported copy check in half and half
cloud structure. The mutt cloud arrangement proposes
about both the open cloud and the private cloud. So as to
give progressively conspicuous security, the private cloud
is equipped with staggered check. Kinds of progress in
scattered figuring are inciting a promising future for
Collaborative Cloud Computing (CCC). To decrease the
getting ready time and reaction time between Token deals
and reaction, File move or download mentioning and
results. Where comprehensive dispersed dissipated cloud
assets having a spot with various affiliations or people (i.e.,
segments) are aggregately utilized in a strong strategy to
give organizations. The records are dealt with in the cloud.
That is each customer selects an information key to encode
the information that he plans to store in the cloud. It
depicts a computationally unassuming procedure for
making all log portions made. Going before the logging
machine's trade off unfathomable for the assailant to
examine and besides hard to elusively adjust or wreck.
Each Client computes an information key to encode the
information that he would like to store in the cloud
RIVER REJUVENATION WITH THE AID OF GIS AND REMOTE SENSING FOR SAHIBI WATERSHED
Authors: Haq M. Anul , Yoga P. C. Rishinandan
Published: June 2021

Sahibi River is the ephemeral, seasonal
river flowing through Rajasthan, Haryana and ends in
Najafgarh drain in Delhi. But, it is facing drought for
more than a decade due to Climate change, Irregular
irrigation and improper Land use management around
the Sahibi watershed. To solve this problem,
construction of water structures can be helpful to trap
the rainfall and increase the water table which will lead to the restoration of the Sahibi River.
Human Brain and Nature: Current Cognitive Health and Longevity Regulators
Authors: Romanchuk N.
Published: June 2021

Cognitive health and longevity is becoming one of the greatest problems of quality life of Homo sapiens in the 21st century. The achievement of author's research is the establishment of many genetic and epigenetic factors of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. New regulation of the fundamental mechanisms of cognitive health and longevity promotes early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cognitive deficits and cognitive disorders. The system of nature – society – is human: a holistic, dynamic, wave, open, steadily non-equilibrium system, with the isolation not only of internal ties, but also of external ones — with the space environment. Modern science views man, humanity and the biosphere as a single system, with growing demographic, food and medical problems. Human brains are biological, biophysical, neurophysiological and medico-social paradigms of information exchange. Modern communications are multilevel, multi-paradigm and interdisciplinary models of information exchange. The introduction of copyright developments in the last decade has made it possible to form a system of algorithms and tools for managing neuroplasticity. The new competencies of psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology and psychoneuroimmunology play a strategic role in interdisciplinary science and interdisciplinary planning and decision-making. The introduction of multi-vector neurotechnologies of artificial intelligence and the principles of digital healthcare contribute to the development of modern neurobial and neuromarketing. It has been investigated that circadian stress causes dysregulation of “H. sapiens brain software”, followed by disruption of the “cognitive” and “visceral” brains. The circadian rhythms of the body are programmed by the circadian gene system. Circadian clock and circadian system — are a biophysical and biochemical regulator of immune defense. The circadian synchronization system is an evolutionary software product of the “biocomputer” for the survival and preparation of the body for the expected cyclic challenges, of various epigenetic orientations. Chronotherapeutic and psychochronobiological groups and population categories allow to block the transition of cognitive impairment into cognitive disorders. Modern artificial intelligence technologies are capable of much, including predicting cognitive impairment and cognitive disorders, with the help of combined and hybrid neuroimaging, sequencing of a new generation, etc., in order to begin the timely and effective rehabilitation of brain H. sapiens.
The Role of the Loading Condition in Predictions of Bone Adaptation in a Mouse Tibial Loading Model
Authors: Cheong Vee San , Kadirkamanathan Visakan , Dall’Ara Enrico
Published: June 2021

The in vivo mouse tibial loading model is used to evaluate the effectiveness of mechanical loading treatment against skeletal diseases. Although studies have correlated bone adaptation with the induced mechanical stimulus, predictions of bone remodeling remained poor, and the interaction between external and physiological loading in engendering bone changes have not been determined. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of passive mechanical loading on the strain distribution in the mouse tibia and its predictions of bone adaptation. Longitudinal micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging was performed over 2 weeks of cyclic loading from weeks 18 to 22 of age, to quantify the shape change, remodeling, and changes in densitometric properties. Micro-CT based finite element analysis coupled with an optimization algorithm for bone remodeling was used to predict bone adaptation under physiological loads, nominal 12N axial load and combined nominal 12N axial load superimposed to the physiological load. The results showed that despite large differences in the strain energy density magnitudes and distributions across the tibial length, the overall accuracy of the model and the spatial match were similar for all evaluated loading conditions. Predictions of densitometric properties were most similar to the experimental data for combined loading, followed closely by physiological loading conditions, despite no significant difference between these two predicted groups. However, all predicted densitometric properties were significantly different for the 12N and the combined loading conditions. The results suggest that computational modeling of bone’s adaptive response to passive mechanical loading should include the contribution of daily physiological load.
SARS-CoV-2 Host Receptor ACE2 Protein Expression Atlas in Human Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: An Xiang , Lin Wenlong , Liu Huan , Zhong Weixiang , Zhang Xiuming , Zhu Yimin , Wang Xiaojian , Li Jun , Sheng Qinsong
Published: June 2021

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects host cells through interactions with its receptor, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), causing severe acute respiratory syndrome and death in a considerable proportion of people. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 experience digestive symptoms. However, the precise protein expression atlas of ACE2 in the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the ACE2 protein expression pattern and the underlying function of ACE2 in the gastrointestinal tract, including the colon, stomach, liver, and pancreas.

Methods

We measured the protein expression of ACE2 in the gastrointestinal tract using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with an ACE2-specific antibody of paraffin-embedded colon, stomach, liver, and pancreatic tissues. The correlation between the protein expression of ACE2 and the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal cancers was analyzed by the log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. The influence of ACE2 on colon, stomach, liver, and pancreatic tumor cell line proliferation was tested using a Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assay.

Results

ACE2 presented heterogeneous expression patterns in the gastrointestinal tract, and it showed a punctate distribution in hepatic cells. Compared to that in parallel adjacent non-tumor tissues, the protein expression of ACE2 was significantly increased in colon cancer, stomach cancer, and pancreatic cancer tissues but dramatically decreased in liver cancer tissues. However, the expression level of the ACE2 protein was not correlated with the survival of patients with gastrointestinal cancers. Consistently, ACE2 did not affect the proliferation of gastrointestinal cancer cells in vitro.

Conclusion

The ACE2 protein is widely expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, and its expression is significantly altered in gastrointestinal tumor tissues. ACE2 is not an independent prognostic marker of gastrointestinal cancers.
LncRNA HCP5 Induces Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and EMT Processes Through the miR-186-5p/WNT5A Axis Under Hypoxia
Authors: Gao Ming , Liu Liying , Yang Yudan , Li Mengyi , Ma Qingqing , Chang Zhiwei
Published: June 2021

Objective

To experimentally determine the involvement and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HCP5 in the development of gastric cancer (GC).

Methods

Detection of HCP5, miR-186-5p, and WNT5A expression in clinical GC tissues and adjacent healthy tissues was performed, followed by Pearson correlation analysis. BGC-823 and AGS cells, with interferences of HCP5, miR-186-5p, and WNT5A, were cultured under hypoxia. MTT, colony formation assay, Caspase-3 activity assay, and transwell assay were applied for the determination of cell proliferation, viability, apoptosis, and invasion, respectively. Expressions of WNT5A and protein markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cells were detected by western blotting. And the binding of HCP5 and WNT5A to miR-186-5p was validated using dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Results

In GC tissues, an increase in HCP5 and WNT5A expressions and a reduction in miR-186-5p expression were found, and the negative correlation between miR-186-5p and HCP5/WNT5A was proven. Subsequently, under hypoxia, an increase in HCP5 and WNT5A expressions and a decrease in miR-186-5p expression in GC cells were confirmed. In addition, in GC cells under hypoxia, the inhibition of HCP5 suppressed cell biological activity and EMT, while the inhibition of miR-186-5p or the overexpression of WNT5A led to the opposite changes.

Conclusion

An upregulation of WNT5A expression by HCP5 competitively binding to miR-186-5p promotes GC cell development.
Licarin-B Exhibits Activity Against the Toxoplasma gondii RH Strain by Damaging Mitochondria and Activating Autophagy
Authors: Zhang Jili , Si Hongfei , Lv Kun , Qiu Yanhua , Sun Jichao , Bai Yubin , Li Bing , Zhou Xuzheng , Zhang Jiyu
Published: June 2021

Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular pathogen that infects warm-blooded animals and humans. However, side effects limit toxoplasmosis treatment, and new drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity need to be developed. Natural products found in plants have become a useful source of drugs for toxoplasmosis. In this study, twenty natural compounds were screened for anti-T. gondii activity by Giemsa staining or real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in vitro. Among these, licarin-B from nutmeg exhibited excellent anti-T. gondii activity, inhibiting T. gondii invasion and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, with an EC50 of 14.05 ± 3.96 μg/mL. In the in vivo, licarin-B treatment significantly reduced the parasite burden in tissues compared to no treatment, protected the 90% infected mice from to death at 50 mg/kg.bw. Flow cytometry analysis suggested a significant reduction in T. gondii survival after licarin-B treatment. Ultrastructural changes in T. gondii were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as licarin-B induced mitochondrial swelling and formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles, an autophagosome-like double-membrane structure and extensive clefts around the T. gondii nucleus. Furthermore, MitoTracker Red CMXRos, MDC, and DAPI staining showed that licarin-B promoted mitochondrial damage, autophagosome formation, and nuclear disintegration, which were consistent with the TEM observations. Together, these findings indicate that licarin-B is a promising anti-T. gondii agent that potentially functions by damaging mitochondria and activating autophagy, leading to T. gondii death.
In-House Packed Porous Graphitic Carbon Columns for Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of N-Glycans
Authors: Young Clifford , Condina Mark R. , Briggs Matthew T. , Moh Edward S. X. , Kaur Gurjeet , Oehler Martin K. , Hoffmann Peter
Published: June 2021

Protein glycosylation is a common post-translational modification that modulates biological processes such as the immune response and protein trafficking. Altered glycosylation profiles are associated with cancer and inflammatory diseases, as well as impacting the efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Consisting of oligosaccharides attached to asparagine residues, enzymatically released N-linked glycans are analytically challenging due to the diversity of isomeric structures that exist. A commonly used technique for quantitative N-glycan analysis is liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), which performs glycan separation and characterization. Although many reversed and normal stationary phases have been utilized for the separation of N-glycans, porous graphitic carbon (PGC) chromatography has become desirable because of its higher resolving capability, but is difficult to implement in a robust and reproducible manner. Herein, we demonstrate the analytical properties of a 15 cm fused silica capillary (75 µm i.d., 360 µm o.d.) packed in-house with Hypercarb PGC (3 µm) coupled to an Agilent 6550 Q-TOF mass spectrometer for N-glycan analysis in positive ion mode. In repeatability and intermediate precision measurements conducted on released N-glycans from a glycoprotein standard mixture, the majority of N-glycans reported low coefficients of variation with respect to retention times (≤4.2%) and peak areas (≤14.4%). N-glycans released from complex samples were also examined by PGC LC-MS. A total of 120 N-glycan structural and compositional isomers were obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer tissue sections. Finally, a comparison between early- and late-stage formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded ovarian cancer tissues revealed qualitative changes in the α2,3- and α2,6-sialic acid linkage of a fucosylated bi-antennary complex N-glycan. Although the α2,3-linkage was predominant in late-stage ovarian cancer, the alternate α2,6-linkage was more prevalent in early-stage ovarian cancer. This study establishes the utility of in-house packed PGC columns for the robust and reproducible LC-MS analysis of N-glycans.
Insight Into the Superlubricity and Self-Assembly of Liquid Crystals
Authors: Tan Shanchao , Tao Jiayu , Luo Wendi , Shi Hongyu , Tu Bin , Jiang Hao , Liu Yuhong , Xu Haijun , Zeng Qingdao
Published: June 2021

Liquid crystals are promising molecular materials in the application of lubrication. Herein, the microscale solid superlubricity is accomplished by the construction of uniform and ordered self-assembly of several liquid crystals. The self-assembly structures on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface are explicitly revealed by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Meanwhile, the nanotribological performance of the self-assemblies are measured by using atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealing ultralow friction coefficients lower than 0.01. The interaction energies are calculated by density functional theory (DFT) method, indicating the positive correlation between friction coefficients and interaction strength. The effort on the self-assembly and superlubricity of liquid crystals could enhance the understanding of the nanotribological mechanism and benefit the further application of liquid crystals as lubricants.
Re-Envisioning Anti-Apicomplexan Parasite Drug Discovery Approaches
Authors: Rangel Gabriel W. , Llinás Manuel
Published: June 2021

Parasites of the phylum Apicomplexa impact humans in nearly all parts of the world, causing diseases including to toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, babesiosis, and malaria. Apicomplexan parasites have complex life cycles comprised of one or more stages characterized by rapid replication and biomass amplification, which enables accelerated evolutionary adaptation to environmental changes, including to drug pressure. The emergence of drug resistant pathogens is a major looming and/or active threat for current frontline chemotherapies, especially for widely used antimalarial drugs. In fact, resistant parasites have been reported against all modern antimalarial drugs within 15 years of clinical introduction, including the current frontline artemisinin-based combination therapies. Chemotherapeutics are a major tool in the public health arsenal for combatting the onset and spread of apicomplexan diseases. All currently approved antimalarial drugs have been discovered either through chemical modification of natural products or through large-scale screening of chemical libraries for parasite death phenotypes, and so far, none have been developed through a gene-to-drug pipeline. However, the limited duration of efficacy of these drugs in the field underscores the need for new and innovative approaches to discover drugs that can counter rapid resistance evolution. This review details both historical and current antimalarial drug discovery approaches. We also highlight new strategies that may be employed to discover resistance-resistant drug targets and chemotherapies in order to circumvent the rapid evolution of resistance in apicomplexan parasites.
Case Report: Hypothyroidism Misdiagnosed as Fulminant Myocarditis in a Child
Authors: Zhang Nanjun , Shao Shuran , Yan Yu , Hua Yimin , Zhou Kaiyu , Wang Chuan
Published: June 2021

Background: Hypothyroidism can lead to bradycardia, reduced cardiac output, cardiac enlargement, and abnormal electrocardiogram. However, hemodynamic instability and malignant arrhythmias due to hypothyroidism is rarely reported in children.

Patient Findings: We report the case of a child with third-degree atrioventricular block, cardiogenic shock, and Adams Stokes Syndrome, who was initially misdiagnosed with fulminant myocarditis and was later found to have hypothyroidism during treatment.

Summary: The child's condition did not improve after the administration of gamma globulin, methylprednisolone, and isoproterenol. Even after the placement of temporary pacemakers, the therapeutic effect was still not ideal. Upon reviewing the medical history, the child's condition improved rapidly after levothyroxine supplementation.

Conclusions: Hypothyroidism is a common disease, but secondary severe cardiovascular lesions are particularly rare in children. Therefore, the delay in diagnosis can lead to serious cardiovascular manifestations. When pediatric patients develop severe AVB and bradycardia, hypothyroidism should be considered as a possible cause.