bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can high SARS-CoV-2 adult vaccination rates help protect unvaccinated children? Evidence from a unique rapid mass vaccination campaign
Authors: paetzold jörg
Published: October 2021

Background: Mass vaccination has the potential to bring the COVID-19 pandemic to a halt by not only protecting individuals who have been vaccinated but also by providing cross-protection to unvaccinated individuals, such as children. However, this indirect protection effect from a vaccinated population onto an unvaccinated group is extremely difficult to observe in real-world situations. Methods: We studied cross-protection to unvaccinated individuals following an unprecedented rapid mass vaccination campaign in Europe. After a large outbreak of B.1.351 (Beta) in the district of Schwaz in Austria, the government offered every adult (16+) citizen of the district a vaccination with BNT162b2 between the 11th and 16th of March 2021. After this week, around 70% of the adult population of Schwaz had received their first dose, which made Schwaz the first widely inoculated region in Europe. The cohort of children under the age of 16 remained entirely unvaccinated (EMA only approved the vaccine for 12-15 year-olds on the 28th of May). This local mass vaccination campaign created a situation in which the vaccination coverage of the adult population sharply differed at the district border of Schwaz, while the coverage of those below the age of 16 remained the exact same. We compared SARS-CoV-2 cases among the adult population as well as children in Schwaz with case numbers of the same age cohorts from control regions. First, we compared Schwaz with a control group of other Austrian districts highly similar to Schwaz in many socio-demographic characteristics as well as in infection spread prior to the mass vaccination campaign. Second, we compared local populations residing along the border of Schwaz which live in the very same geographic area but with different vaccination coverage because they were not included in the vaccination campaign. Interpretation: Prior the mass vaccination campaign, we observed very similar infection spread across all age cohorts in Schwaz and the control regions. Around 3-4 weeks after the campaign, infections started to diverge between Schwaz and the control regions. While the difference was largest among the population aged 16–50 years (which was offered vaccination in the campaign), we also observed a statistically significant reduction in cases among the group of unvaccinated children. Our findings are robust to changes in the control group, as well as controls of a rich set of time and region specific effects. Policy implications: Our results constitute one of the first evidence of an indirect cross-protection effect from a group of vaccinated individuals to an unvaccinated group (in our case children). Given that in many countries the proposition to keep schools open during the academic year 2021/22 is a top priority, this evidence of community-protection is highly policy relevant.
An Investigation of The Biological Activity of Monofloral Honey Produced in South-Western Anatolia
Authors: KARATAŞ Şükrü , AKTÜMSEK Abdurrahman , DURU Mehmet Emin
Published: October 2021

In this study, monofloral honeys (chaste, thyme, citrus, and heather) which were obtained from different sources from members of Beekeeping Associations in South-West Anatolia were studied for their antioxidant capacity, total phenolic amounts, total flavonoid amounts, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and urease inhibition activities.
Antioxidant capacity of honey samples was determined by β-carotene, DPPH, ABTS+ and CUPRAC activity methods. In honey samples, the highest antioxidant activity was found in citrus honey with β-carotene/Linoleic acid color opening with IC50: 7.99 mg/mL, and DPPH free radical removal activity with IC50: 5.28 mg/mL in thyme honey. In CUPRAC activity, it was determined that the highest activity was found in heather honey with IC50: 1.69 mg/mL, in terms of ABTS+ removal activity IC50: 2.80 mg/mL in chaste honey, and metal chelating activity IC50: 1.56 mg/mL in thyme honey.
The total phenolic and flavonoids amounts of honeys ranged from 2.31 and 27.15 (μg PEs/mg) to 4.95 and 25.24 (µg QEs/mg), respectively. In addition, AChE inhibition IC50: 24.25 mg/mL in thyme honey, BChE inhibition IC50: 27.93 mg/mL in thyme honey, and urease inhibition IC50: 34.89 mg/mL with citrus honey were determined concerning the highest activity, consecutively.
PRODUCTION ET COMMERCIALISATION DU RIZ DE MONTAGNE DANS LA COMMUNE DETOUCOUNTOUNA
Authors:   Departement De Geographie Et Amenagement Du Territoire, Universite De Parakou (Benin)., Janvier Assouni
Published: October 2021

The development of production and marketing activities aims to promote the development of each actor. The present study aims to contribute to a better knowledge of mountain rice production and marketing in Toucountouna. The methodological approach used in the case of this study is based on documentary research, fieldwork, collection, processing, analysis and interpretation of the results.It emerges from this study that the availability of a large lowland area, the presence of production support structures and outlets are an asset for the production and marketing of local rice. The rice produced in this commune ensures food security for the populations and contributes to the economy of the commune. As much as production increases from 275.5 tonnes in 2012 to 368.614 tonnes of mountain rice in 2014 (URCP-AD). However, constraints related to the production and marketing of local rice still exist in this study area. The development of lowlands is not always appropriate, access to quality inputs lack of access to credit. There is an urgent need to better organize the production and marketing of rice and to review the availability of inputs to producers.
ENVENIMATIONS VIPERINES
Authors:   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation Hopital Ibn Tofail CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech., Tajellijiti N. , Errifaiy H. ,   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation Hopital Ibn Tofail CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech., Boukoub N. ,   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation Hopital Ibn Tofail CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech., Elouardi Y. ,   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation Hopital Ibn Tofail CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech., Khallouki M. ,   Departement Anesthesie Reanimation Hopital Ibn Tofail CHU Mohammed VI Marrakech.
Published: October 2021

Rational:The viper envenomations are a real public health problem in Morocco more deaths are reported each year. It is a medical-surgical emergency which can be daunting and life-threatening, as well as the patients functional prognosis. Patients and Methods or Material and Methods:We present 24 cases of serious viper envenomation, on a retrospective study extended over a period of 9 years from 2010 to 2019, and through a literature review we clarify the following aspects: epidemiological, pathophysiological, clinical and therapeutic. Inclusion criteria: The presence of traces of hooks with at least one locoregional and / or general sign of envenomation. The actual presence of the snake in question and / or its description by a witness or the victim. Results:This is a retrospective study that interested 12 men and 13 women, mean age 41 years. The bites were due to vipers, the species was known cerastescerastes type in two cases, MacroviperaMauritanica in one case. 13 patients had a consumptive coagulopathy table with two cases of ischemic stroke, one case of hypovolemic shock and 4 cases of hemorrhagic shock, ten patients had compartment syndrome treated by emergency fasciotomy discharge.11 patients received anti venom serum with clinical improvement and reduction of complications. Discussion:The poison of vipers is a chemical proteinaceous with two essential components: the toxins and enzymes. These proteins are responsible for the observed symptoms. The severity of envenomation is related to the plasma concentration of the venom. The definition of early clinical and biological criteria of gravity has envenomation better assess and clarify the therapeutic indications. Processing viper envenomation considerably simplified over the past decade. The medical care is based on a symptomatic therapy component associated with a specific serum therapy. On early treatment with these specific immunoglobulins from the onset of signs of grades II or III envenomation reduces morbidity, sequelae and the total cost of care. Conclusion:Improving the prognosis of envenomation involves information education and good care that can only be achieved through close collaboration between.
THE PHILOSOPHICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL UNDERPINNINGS OF PHENOMENOLOGY AS A RESEARCH METHOD
Authors: Mc Coog, Ed.D. Ian
Published: October 2021

In the philosophical tradition, phenomenology is a means by which random, raw phenomena are categorized into what can be called human experience. Phenomenology is a school of thought within ontology which focuses on the nature of existence. Edmund Husserls view of phenomenology proposed that to understand the world, one should examine the lens through which he/she experiences the world as opposed to attempting to examine the world itself. The application of this idea first expanded to the discipline of psychology by researchers such as Amedeo Giorgi and Clark Moustakas and more recently has been more widely applied to the social sciences as a whole.Possessing an understanding of the philosophy and psychology traditions behind phenomenology greatly increases a researchers ability to implement it as a qualitative research method.
A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED STUDY TO EVALUATE THE ANALGESIC AND SEDATIVE EFFECTS OF FENTANYL AND MIDAZOLAM TO NALBUPHINE AND MIDAZOLAM IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING AWAKE FIBEROPTIC
Authors:   Junior Resident Department of Anaesthesiology, Rohilkahnd Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh., Taneja Akshat , Gupta Akash ,   Assistant Professor Department of Anaesthesiology, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttarpradesh., Agrawal Malti ,   Head of Department of Anesthesiology, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh., Asooja Upasana ,   Junior Resident Department of Anaesthesiology, Rohilkahnd Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh., Taneja Ashok ,   Junior Resident Department of Anaesthesiology, Rohilkahnd Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.
Published: October 2021

Background- Awake nasal or oral flexible fiberoptic intubation (AFOI) is technique of choice in known or anticipated difficult airway . The main aim was to have calm and cooperative patient who can follow verbal commands while maintaining adequate oxygenation . In our study, we compared the analgesic and sedative effects of fentanyl and midazolam with nalbuphine and midazolam in patients undergoing awake fiberoptic intubationmore tolerable and comfortable for the patient but also to ensure optimal intubating conditions. Material and Methodsâ€“ A prospective, randomized comparison study among patients between the age of 18 and 60yrs of either sex, with anticipated difficult airway . We compared the analgesic and sedative effects of fentanyl and midazolam with nalbuphine and midazolam in patients undergoing awake fiberoptic intubation. The primary objectives of our study were to observe the level of sedation, intubation score and OAS score after completion of procedure. The secondary objectives included assessment of patient comfort, intubation time, hemodynamic changes and complications. Results â€“ We found that comfort score and intubation time were significant lesser in Group which received fentanyl and midazolam than Group which received nalbuphine and midazolam . (p<0.05). The intubation attempt was similar in both groups (P>0.05). Conclusionâ€“ we concluded that both regimens used in this study provided comparable intubating conditions, better sedation and analgesia was observed in group fentanyl for airway procedure events. Our study concluded fentanyl to be the drug of choice for blunting of pressor response in such patients.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION OF UTTAMARASASINDURA: A VALUABLE KUPIPAKWARASAYANAFROM RASARAJACINTAMANI
Authors:   PG Scholar, Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajyakalpana, MVR Ayurveda Medical College, Parassinikkadavu, Kannur, Kerala, India., P. Sajina , P.N. Asha ,   Guide and Associate Professor, Department of Rasashastra&Bhaishajyakalpana, MVR Ayurveda Medical College, Parassinikkadavu, Kannur, Kerala, India., Muraleedharan A.K. ,   Professor & HOD, Department of Rasashastra&Bhaishajyakalpana, MVR Ayurveda MedicalCollege, Parassinikkadavu, Kannur, Kerala, India.
Published: October 2021

Ayurveda, literally means the science of life is a comprehensive system of health care of great antiquity, based on experiential knowledge and grown with perpetual additions. Rasashatra(Iatrochemistry)is an integrated part of Ayurveda which is based on Rasa (Mercury) and Rasadravyas(Mercury related substances). Rasarajacintamani is a compiled textbook of Rasashastra written in Malayalam language by Vadayattukotta K ParameshwaranPillai.Uttamarasasindura is explained in this textbook along with different types of Rasasinduras. The treatise Rasarajacintamani is reviewed for the specific formulation, Uttamarasasindura. Analytical study is needed to evaluate the proper formation and chemical composition of the medicine.Contexual reviewing revealed that Uttamarasasindura is a multidimensional remedy of clinical practice.
A STUDY ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF METRIC EDUCATION SCHEDULED CASTE STUDENTS
Authors:   Department of PG Studies and Research in Sociology Kuvempu University, Jnana Sahyadri Shankaraghatta-577451, Shivamoga, Karnataka, India., K.G Sharadamma , a Krupalini ,   Assistant Professor, Dept. of Studies and Research in Sociology Sahyadri Arts College, Shivamoga-577203 Karnataka, India.
Published: October 2021

Education is the only tool that enables the individual to develop knowledge value skills and attitudes. It is the foundation of a persons socio-economic development. Socio-political and wealth sharing is the channel to eliminate discrimination. Education is the basic tool for the fulfilment of the goals and objectives of each individual, and the protection of human rights. Especially among the socially and economically backward classes, undoubtedly, social reforms and education have the power to analyze the causes of their socially impoverished lives and create opportunities for them to thrive in society.
DELINEATION OF LINEAMENTS IN THE REGION OF OUADDAI (CHAD) USING GRAVITY DATA
Authors:   Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena B.P. 460 NDjamena - Tchad., Ahmad Diab Diab , Njandjock Nouck Philippe ,   Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena B.P. 460 NDjamena - Tchad., Boukar Abdelhakim ,   Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena B.P. 460 NDjamena - Tchad., Aretouyap Zakari ,   Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena B.P. 460 NDjamena - Tchad., Domra Kana Janvier ,   Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena B.P. 460 NDjamena - Tchad., Oyoa Valentin ,   Ecole Normale Superieure de NDjamena B.P. 460 NDjamena - Tchad.
Published: October 2021

The gravity map of Ouaddai in the eastern region of Chad exhibits important anomalies that are often delimitated by the high gravity gradients, resulting from the density contrasts between various anomaly sources. This presumes an important tectonic activity in zone. Because of its arid and desert nature, the region is water-poor or even lacking water resources. The main source of water in the region is made of very deep aquifers. The gravity analysis from this study helps to better understand the network of faults in the area. Many complementary approaches of the gravity data processing have been applied, namely the horizontal gradient coupled to the upward and downward continuation and the Euler method. Results from the data filtring have allowed highlighting faults network in various directions (SSW-NNE S-N E-W, NE-SW) and the main direction. In total, 37 major faults were detected with various lengths including 11 (F6, F9, F10, F12, F17, F29, F31, F34, F35, F37) for a cumulative total length of 353 km oriented towards Bongor basin and 15 others (F1, F4, F7, F8, F11, F13, F18, F20, F23, F25, F26, F27, F28, F30, F33), for a cumulative total length of 621 km, oriented towards Doba basin. These faults are of paramount importance with great potential impacts on the regions hydrocarbon reservoirs. Thise results in one hand confirmed some known faults from the previous investigations. In the other hand, the study helps to identify other new and unknown tectonic signatures.
MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF IN-USE TOOTHBRUSHES AND THEIR DECONTAMINATION USING DISINFECTION: A HOSPITAL BASED PILOT STUDY
Authors:   MBBS - Third year student, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India., Choubey Shriya , Jain Khyati ,   Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Shri Balaji Institute of Medical Science Raipur (Chhattisgarh), India., K. Dhariwal Somendra ,   Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Shri Balaji Institute of Medical Science Raipur (Chhattisgarh), India., Dixit Ruchita ,   Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India., Bawankar Smita ,   Professor, Department of Microbiology, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India.
Published: October 2021

Introduction and Aim: Purpose of this study is to sensitize healthcare givers about the significance of toothbrush acting as fomites and this study aimed at highlighting importance of disinfecting in-use toothbrushes. Material and Method: This was a randomized control trial involving 30 patients. 15 were given distilled water and 15 were given 70% ethyl alcohol for disinfecting in-use toothbrushes, which were then microbiologically tested after 7 days of use. Results: Finding of this study showed 70% alcohol was highly effective in decontaminating used toothbrushes. Conclusion: In-use toothbrushes become highly contaminated after use and can act as fomites for transmitting infections. Thus, proper instructions for use of toothbrushes should be given to patients and public.
Climbing the sanitation ladder: latrine promotion and household decision-making in Viet Nam
Authors: Thomas Milan , Ljung Per
Published: October 2021

We examine the relationship between promotion activities and sanitation decisions in the context of a program in the Mekong Delta that encouraged households to switch from fishpond latrines to septic tanks. Before and after the campaign, we surveyed households and promoters. Economic variables were important determinants of septic tank adoption, but whether the decision was woman-led and familiarity with the promoter were strongly predictive as well. Controlling for the pre-existing household decision-making structure, women were more likely to lead the sanitation decision if a promoter spoke to them rather than to a male householder. These household-based findings on the importance of promoters were supported by a supplementary analysis of sales. We found that promoters who were older, trained, and educated were more successful in selling septic tanks. Taken together, these findings highlight the importance of gender equity and trust in the promoter for encouraging last-mile households to invest in new health technologies.
Semioses acionais na jogabilidade de um jogo móvel de localização
Authors: Gomes Raquel Salcedo , Maraschin Cleci
Published: October 2021

Nos estudos de videogame, jogabilidade é um conceito central, porém controverso. Mello (2013) propõe um conceito de jogabilidade que integra as características de interface, agência e interação, em uma tentativa de não reduzi-lo a apenas um aspecto, contemplando design, mecânica e a experiência de jogar. Considerando a sistematização de Mello (2013), tomamos jogabilidade como o conjunto de características que permitem compreender um artefato semiótico-interacional como jogo, da mesma forma que, em semiótica, a textualidade é concebida como o caráter que possibilita denominar um artefato semiótico de texto. Partindo desse pressuposto, propomos uma análise semiótica da interface da jogabilidade de um jogo móvel de localização elaborado para ser jogado com dispositivos móveis no Jardim Botânico de Porto Alegre, RS. A metodologia de análise contemplou o percurso gerativo de sentido (GREIMAS e COURTÊS, 2008; BARROS, 2005), nos níveis fundamental, narrativo e discursivo da jogabilidade, considerando categorias da semiótica plástica (GREIMAS, 2004) e atentando para suas características de design na tela do dispositivo móvel. A análise apontou para a construção semântico-narrativo-discursiva do jogo como intimamente atrelada aos espaços físicos do parque, o que pode proporcionar multiletramentos em uma perspectiva acional, com ênfases nas práticas desenvolvidas na experiência do jogar, privilegiando jogadores com realçadas características cinestésicas em seus processos de aprendizagem.
Folhetos de cordel no ensino de língua materna: aspectos culturais e formação docente
Authors: Rodrigues Linduarte Pereira
Published: October 2021

Desde a antiguidade clássica, verifica-se uma poética da vozrealizada a partir de diversas funções sociais ritualizadas pela palavra.Isso confirma uma tradição oral que persiste em nossos dias, agregadaem vários aspectos do quotidiano (ZUMTHOR, 1993). A escrita nasce,então, como resposta às necessidades dos povos que narram a memóriade sua gente e buscam, através dessas narrativas, a explicação e atualizaçãoda vida humana. Corroborando com tais assertivas, dados de pesquisasque venho desenvolvendo com gêneros textuais diversos das culturaspopulares, no campo das linguísticas aplicada e pragmática/discursiva,vêm demonstrando que os estudos do letramento são hoje um campopromissor de investigação e elaboração de métodos que buscam reunirpesquisas interessadas pela descrição e explicação da influência daoralidade e da escritura nas práticas culturais de sociedades letradas,o que contribui para a formação de professores de língua portuguesaempenhados na constituição de sujeitos escolares aptos para umaconvivência sociocultural efetiva. Diante disso, destaca-se o fenômeno do letramento que extrapola o mundo da escrita e se interessa pela letracomo prática sociocultural; o que permite fundamentar um estudo emdiálogo com outros pesquisadores que compartilham com a ideia de umensino de língua baseado em eventos e práticas de letramento, em que avoz antecede, atravessa e “finaliza” a produção escrita, animando o textoe atualizando discursos de um material regional típico do Nordeste: osfolhetos de cordel brasileiros. Uma perspectiva de estudo que cobra acompreensão do lugar e do tempo que compõem o sujeito escrevente efalante, e/ou mesmo, que escreve para simular uma fala: ação dialógica eideológica, marca de acontecimento sociocultural do homem na história.
O tempo no terceiro mundo de Glauber Rocha: o roteiro cinematográfico como gênero literário
Authors: Cruz Rafaela Rogério
Published: October 2021

Glauber Rocha, numa carta a Augusto Carlos Calil expressou vontade de reunir em antologia uma série de roteiros seus. O diretor baiano e toda a sua obra cinematográfica já gozam do respeito tanto da crítica quanto do público, tendo reconhecida a sua importância na produção artístico/cultura brasileira do século XX, contudo seus roteiros, base literária dos filmes, estão ainda para ser descobertos como obra literária independente. Este artigo, através da análise da categoria tempo, tem como objetivo entender como o roteiro articula conceitos de ficção e narratividade em comparação com o romance e o drama, gêneros literários já bem estabelecidos. Com o intuito de cavar para o roteiro um lugar nos estudos literários, nossa leitura é guiada por teóricos cuja preocupação com a narrativa literária é um grande legado para a teoria e crítica, sendo alguns deles: Roland Barthes (1972), Gerárd Genette (1979) e Tzvetan Todorov (2006).
A política nacional de avaliação do enem: a proposta de redação e o imaginário de escritor ideal
Authors: Flávio Amilton , Luiza Ana
Published: October 2021

Este trabalho, inscrito na perspectiva da Análise de Discurso Materialista de Linha Francesa, com Michel Pêcheux, e Eni Orlandi, no Brasil, tem por objetivo refletir sobre a política de avaliação do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM), a partir da formulação da proposta de redação, enquanto um repetível que aponta para um imaginário de leitor/escritor “ideal”, projetado pelo discurso do Exame. Dessa maneira, as reflexões aqui articuladas dizem respeito à maneira como um sistema de avaliação em larga escala, em seu efeito classificatório, aponta para um imaginário de língua (escrita) e, consequentemente, para um perfil de aluno que se “enquadre” às normas ditas pelo Estado. Para tanto, destacamos a relevância deste estudo para o domínio da linguagem, sobretudo, para os pesquisadores que se voltam a pensar sobre as políticas educacionais, pois, dada a importância desse Programa para o Estado, observa-se que as análises refletem a constituição do sujeito institucionalizado por um imaginário de escrita, o que possibilita refletirmos, ainda, a projeção imaginária da posição-sujeito-aluno “ideal” para a escrita da redação. Estas questões nos possibilitam dizer que o modo como o sujeito se relaciona com escrita tem a ver com o modo como ele se relaciona com o conhecimento, com a linguagem e com a sociedade.
Representações de uma professora sobre o processo de orientação para reescrituta textual
Authors: Bezerra Symone Nayara calixto , Almeida Maria de Fátima , Xavier Manassés Morais
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo buscamos refletir sobre a representação de uma professora de língua portuguesa acerca de sua prática de ensino no processo de reescritura textual e identificar objetos constitutivos de sua atividade docente; assim como eles são representados. A jutificativa de um estudo como esse encontra-se no fato de que segundo Bronckart e Machado (2004), o entendimento das ações do professor e de suas representações pode gerar a compreensão do trabalho docente. Para isso, ao analisar o texto da professora em resposta a uma entrevista, estamos nos apoiando nos postulados teóricos da Clínica da Atividade (CLOT, 1995 e FAÏTA 2002) e do Interacionismo sociodiscursivo (BRONCKART e MACHADO, 2004).
Zé-povinho e civilizados: o discurso humorístico na imprensa da cidade de natal na belle époque
Authors: Muniz Cellina Rodrigues
Published: October 2021

A cidade de Natal, capital do estado nordestino do Rio Grande do Norte, viveu, na transição dos séculos XIX e XX, intensas transformações culturais, sociais e urbanísticas. Com os governos ligados ao grupo político dos Albuquerque Maranhão, chefiados pelo líder Pedro Velho, a capital potiguar vivenciou não só uma série de transformações na feição da cidade (criação de parques e praças, instalação de luz elétrica, bondes e telégrafos, inauguração de teatros, cinemas e cafés etc.) como passou por um processo civilizador (ELIAS, 1992) orquestrado pela elite letrada sobretudo por meio da imprensa, à maneira de outros centros urbanos do país. Inclusive por meio da imprensa tida como humorística. O propósito deste artigo – recorte de uma pesquisa de pós-doutorado – é ilustrar como jornais e colunas de humor da imprensa natalense daquele período (de 1880 a 1930, período que se convenciona designar Belle Époque) constituíram um campo discursivo (MAINGUENEAU, 2006; 2010; 2015) cujos posicionamentos revelam uma figuração estabelecidos X outsiders (ELIAS, 2000) que se manifestava não necessariamente por filiações político-partidárias (situação versus oposição), mas pelo caráter das fofocas (elogiosas ou depreciativas) que fomentavam tal imprensa humorística.
Caso Teori Zavascki: uma análise polifônica da mídia
Authors: Santos Leusa Bezerra
Published: October 2021

Este artigo mostra uma análise teórica em enunciados jornalísticos sob a perspectiva da polifonia. Utilizamos como aporte principal as concepções de Ducrot (1987) sobre a teoria polifônica da enunciação. Também recorremos aos entendimentos ideológicos de Bakhtin (2009). Em Orlandi (2009), embasamos as reflexões acerca do discurso. Trouxemos para esse estudo a notícia em dois meios de comunicação sobre a investigação da morte do ministro do Supremo Tribunal Federal, Teori Zavascki, em acidente aéreo. Discutimos o viés polifônico dos enunciados através das vozes que emanam. A pesquisa, que tem natureza descritiva e abordagem qualitativa, nos aponta que os enunciados jornalísticos analisados possuem uma forte característica de oposição. Pelo corpus observado e com base nas ideias ducrotianas, podemos atribuir esse movimento divergente das vozes dos enunciados a uma necessidade da mídia dialogar constantemente com um universo socio-histórico híbrido, que é a sua audiência. Universo esse que também absorve os organismos midiáticos e quem os faz.
Os verbos frasais (phrasal verbs) do inglês e suas traduções para o português: um enfoque sistêmico-funcional
Authors: Saparas Marcelo , Vaz de Oliveira Ulisses Tadeu
Published: October 2021

Este artigo trata da interface entre Estudos da Tradução e Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (LSF) e, nele, abordamos os verbos frasais (phrasal verbs, PVs) do inglês que, tradicionalmente, costumam desafiar tradutores e aprendizes da língua inglesa. Nosso enfoque foi (1) analisá-los sob a perspectiva da LSF e da pragmática e (2) verificar como suas traduções para o português podem interferir tanto na realização da concepção performativa da linguagem, quanto na compreensão de seu significado ideacional ou informativo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa com a participação dos acadêmicos de letras da Universidade Federal da grande Dourados-MS. As traduções dos alunos provaram que tanto o significado do verbo quanto o da partícula podem ser omitidos na expressão do processo.
Gêneros jornalísticos: práticas em sala de aula mediadas pelo uso das tecnologias digitais
Authors: Barbeta Claudia de Faria , De Araujo Kleverson Fernando
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo descreve a aplicação de uma sequência didática elaborada com base nos gêneros da esfera jornalística e mediada pelas tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação, buscando contribuir para o ensino e metodologia da Língua Portuguesa. Foram desenvolvidas atividades durante a sequência didática dentro dos planos de ação, discursivo e linguístico-discursivo, de acordo com a proposta de Dolz, Noverraz e Schneuwly. O trabalho com gêneros tem sido promissor no que se revele o uso da língua, a ponto de Dolz e Schnewly os dominarem de megainstrumento. Além de favorecer a leitura de textos e uma maior habilidade na escrita, essa técnica de ensino, além de outras vantagens e implicações, traz estreita correlação com os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais – Língua Portuguesa (PCNLP) e as Diretrizes Curriculares Estaduais – PR (DCE).
Estratégias de relativização em cartas oficiais norte-rio-grandenses dos séculos XVIII e XIX
Authors: Braga Aline , Bispo Edvaldo
Published: October 2021

Neste artigo, investigamos a frequência de uso das orações relativas do Português Brasileiro (PB) em perspectiva histórica, com vistas a identificar possíveis motivações funcionais subjacentes à recorrência de cada uma delas (padrão, cortadora e copiadora). Os dados foram extraídos das amostras de 86 cartas oficiais, provenientes da plataforma de corpora do projeto Para a História do Português Brasileiro (PHPB), que circularam no estado do Rio Grande do Norte entre os séculos XVIII e XIX. Corroborando os pressupostos teóricos funcionalistas de que as formas linguísticas são motivadas por elementos de ordem sociointeracional e cognitiva, constatamos que o predomínio de orações relativas canônicas, no corpus selecionado, justifica-se, entre outras razões, pelas características do gênero carta oficial, ao passo que à recorrência a relativas do tipo não padrão subjazem fatores como princípio da economia de esforço e expressividade retórica.
Synthetic Approach to Potential Anticancer Benzimidazole Derivatives: A
Review
Authors: Kumar Rajnish , Singh Chanchal , Mazumder Avijit , Salahuddin  , Abdullah Md. Mustaqeem , Kumar Vivek , Giri Pavan Prakash
Published: October 2021

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in many developed and developing countries. Continuous
efforts are required for designing better therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer with
more efficacy, selectivity, and less toxicity. The fused heterocyclic ring system has been identified by
several researchers as a privileged structure that can be used as the basis for drug discovery in medicinal
chemistry. The hetero-aromatic bicyclic ring system acts as a pharmacophore in a wide range of
drugs with therapeutic potential. According to studies in the literature, various substituted benzimidazoles
have distinct pharmacological profiles with multi-targeting ability, making them an important
anchor for the production of novel therapeutic agents against complex cancers, including breast cancer,
skin cancer, and blood cancer. In this article, we have discussed various synthetic methods for the
synthesis of anti-cancer benzimidazoles and their derivatives in different solvent conditions, substrates,
and various catalysts, mainly those which are eco-friendly and economical. We also focused
on various derivatives those are under clinical trials containing benzimidazole moiety.
An Efficient Bifunctional Ionic Liquid [BIL] as Solvent and Catalyst System
for O-Alkylation of Phenols Under Solvent-Free Conditions: An Environmental
Benign Approach
Authors: Jayaraman Sakthinarayanan , Selvarasu Uthayanila , Selvaraj Ganesh Gopalsamy , Parasuraman Karthikeyan
Published: October 2021

Background:

Bifunctional ionic liquid [BIL] was found to be a highly effective catalyst
for ether synthesis without any inorganic base or solvent. Using this protocol, different aryl substitutions
were reacted with different phenols in good to excellent yields. The BIL is reusable without
any loss in catalytic activity for nine consecutive cycles. The Williamson reaction is a convenient
renovation in fine chemical synthesis since the ethers are important in both bulk and fine industrial
chemicals preparation and academic applications.

Method:

The mixture of the phenol (1mmol), alcohol (1.2 mmol), and BIL ionic liquid (0.3 mol%)
was added to a round-bottomed flask (100 mL) with continuous stirring for 1 hour.

Objective:

The aim of this study is to highlight the use of BIL to synthesize mixed ethers using substituted phenols and to study the reusability in the next cycle.

Results:

The products obtained were phenol and substituted phenols containing withdrawing substituents
in respectable yields. However, the reactions involving substituted phenols containing
electron-donating groups often afford the corresponding products in low yields.

Conclusion:

BIL is found to be an effective catalyst in the etherification of various unsymmetrical
ethers under mild conditions. Bifunctional ionic liquid as a solvent and catalyst will show real rewards
by providing a ‘green’ method with the safer procedure, less reaction time periods, mild
conditions, easy separation, and ionic liquid recycle.
Silent Information Regulator T1 in Aqueous Humor of Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Mimura Tatsuya , Funatsu Hideharu , Noma Hidetaka , Kondo Aki , Mizota Atsushi
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to compare the aqueous humor level of Silent Information Regulator T1 (SIRT1) between patients with Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and cataract patients.

Materials and Methods:

Aqueous humor level of SIRT1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 13 patients with wet-type AMD (n=13, AMD group) and 13 patients with cataracts (cataract group). In addition, the thickness of each retinal layer was determined by optical coherence tomography.

Results:

The aqueous humor level of SIRT1 was significantly lower in the AMD group than in the cataract group (p=0.007). In the AMD group, the SIRT1 level was positively correlated with the thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer (r=0.31) and the inner nuclear layer (r=0.76).

Conclusion:

The aqueous level of SIRT1 decreased as the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer became thinner, suggesting that reduction of SIRT1 activity might be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease.
Об излучении гармоник в рентгеновских лазерах на свободных электронах с изменяемым параметром дипольности ондуляторов
Authors: Жуковский К.
Published: October 2021

X-ray free electron lasers (FELs) produce ultra short bursts of coherent radiation at the wavelengths ~1–100 . In the absence of ready seed in this range, the fundamental tone is usually radiated in self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) FELs. With the goal to achieve maximum performance in minimum size and cost of a FEL, we study the harmonic multiplication in resonating undulator cascades as viable alternative to the SASE fundamental radiation. The harmonic power evolution along FELs is analyzed for the SASE and the harmonic self-seed. The analytical results are compared with available data for soft X-rays FLASH2. The possibility of harmonic radiation is studied for FELs with variable deflection parameter k: FLASH2, SwissFEL and currently built LCLS-II. We demonstrate earlier growth of the harmonic power in a buncher as compared with the SASE regime at the same wavelength. The difference is explained theoretically by the harmonic bunching growth in the buncher, as compared with that in the SASE FEL at the same wavelength. Excellent characteristics of the SwissFEL allow amplification of its third harmonic. We propose the harmonic self-seed, which would allow 10 m shorter undulator length for saturation at the same power, and up to 30% shorter radiation wavelength with the existing electron beam. At the LCLS-II, good bunching at the third harmonic wavelength in a dedicated buncher allows early and strong third harmonic growth. However, further resonating amplifier requires small value of k in LCLS-II undulators, which makes the amplification slow. We propose using the full amplification of the third FEL harmonic in LCLS-II undulators with bunching disruption between them at the wavelength of the fundamental. We show that this scheme allows >1 GW FEL power at λ=0.25 nm wavelength achievable already at ~40 m of the undulators with the electron beam energy E=4 GeV.
Слои кремния, гиперпересыщенные теллуром, для фотодиодов видимого и инфракрасного диапазонов
Authors: Комаров Ф.Ф. , Ластовский C.Б. , Романов И.А. , Пархоменко И.Н. , Власукова Л.А. , Ивлев Г.Д. , Berencen Y. , Цивако А.А. , Ковальчук Н.С. , Wendler E.
Published: October 2021

Silicon layers doped with tellurium up to concentration (3–5)·1020 cm-3 have been formed by ion implantation with subsequent pulsed laser annealing. It was shown that 70–90% of the introduced impurity is in the substitution position in the silicon lattice. Si layers Tellurium- hyperdoped silicon layers exhibit significant absorption (35–65%) both in the visible and near IR (1100–2500 nm) spectral ranges, and the absorption increases with increasing wavelength. The current-voltage and capacitance-voltage characteristics, as well as the photosensitivity of photodetectors based on Te-doped silicon layers have been presented and discussed. The residual structural defects in implanted Si layers have been considered by deep-level transient spectroscopy.
Применение анализа совместных рекуррентностей к оценке фазовой синхронизации физиологических сигналов
Authors: Дик O.E. , Глазов A.Л.
Published: October 2021

Based on the analysis of joint recurrences, differences in phase synchronization between rhythmic photostimulation and brain responses were revealed in individuals with atrial fibrillation of paroxysmal and persistent types. As a measure of phase synchronization between two signals, the cross-correlation coefficient between the probabilities of recurrences of the corresponding phase trajectories is considered. With a lengthening of the lifetime of atrial fibrillation and an increase in the degree of decline in cognitive functions, the value of this coefficient increases for brain responses to theta-range frequencies.
Получение нерастворимых в воде пленок из фиброина шелка, исследование их структуры и свойств
Authors: Нащекина Ю.А. , Коныгина В.С. , Попова Е.Н. , Кодолова-Чухонцева В.В. , Нащекин А.В. , Юдин В.Е.
Published: October 2021

Silk fibroin is one of the promising natural polymers that already being used in medicine to forming of suture materials. The possibility of forming scaffolds in the form of films, sponges or gels for cell cultivation and transplantation will significantly expand the scope of application of this material in tissue engineering. The conditions for obtaining silk fibroin insoluble in water in the form of films were worked out. The structural transition on the surface of the films to a coarsely fragmented state after treatment of the films with methanol was demonstrated using optical microscopy. Using FTIR spectroscopy, the conformational transition of silk fibroin from the disordered structure of the untreated film to the β-folded structure was confirmed. Using the method of differential scanning calorimetry, the glass transition temperature of the native film was determined as 216 °C. The study of the mechanical properties of silk fibroin films in a liquid medium showed that their strength decreases and their elasticity increases by almost 15 times compared to tests of the same films in a dry state.
Diversity of Contaminants Fungi in Coffee Beans Stored Using Polystyrene and Gunny Sacks in South OKU Regency (Indonesia)
Authors:   Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Graduate School, Universitas Sriwijaya. Padang Selasa Street Number 524, Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139, South Sumatra, Indonesia., Lilia Deli , Damiri Nurhayati ,   Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Graduate School, Universitas Sriwijaya. Padang Selasa Street Number 524, Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139, South Sumatra, Indonesia., Zulkarnain M ,   Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Graduate School, Universitas Sriwijaya. Padang Selasa Street Number 524, Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139, South Sumatra, Indonesia., Mulawarman Mulawarman ,   2Department of Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km. 32, Indralaya, Ogan Ilir 30662, South Sumatra, Indonesian
Published: October 2021

Robusta coffee is a coffee type found in South OKU Regency in Indonesia, and its storage process is highly susceptible to the growth of various fungal species, including fungi that produce Ochratoxin A (OTA). Therefore, this study aims to examine the fungal contamination contained in storage using polystyrene (PS) and gunny sacks for 20 and 30 days. Data were obtained from surveys, interviews, and samples from 30 farmers which stored coffee beans using PS and gunny sacks in May-July 2020. The results showed that the moisture content was higher in storage using gunny sacks than in PS sacks, at 16.94 ± 0.878 % and 15.99 ± 1.33%, respectively. Furthermore, 16 fungal species were present in gunny sack storage, while 14 fungal species were observed in PS sacks. The percentage of OTAproducing fungi A.niger and A.ochraceus in the two stores yielded 100% and 63.3%, respectively.
Evaluation of Groundwater Potential Zone Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System: in Kaffa Zone, South Western Ethiopia
Authors:   School of Hydraulics and Environmental Engineering, Bonga University, Bonga, Ethiopia, Woldegebriel Azarias , Amibo Temesgen ,   School of Chemical Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia, Bayu Abreham ,   School of Chemical Engineering, Jimma Institute of Technology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Published: October 2021

This study focused on delineating the groundwater potential and recharge area for Kaffa Zone by the method of remote sensing and ArcGIS 10.4 software analysis techniques. There are six main influencing factors (rainfall, slope, land use/cover, lineaments, drainage density, and Lithology) selected for groundwater recharge zone mapping. The thematic maps were scanned, geo-referenced, and classified as suitable for groundwater using ArcGIS 10.4. The methods to assess the potential zone were using weight overlay analysis and hierarchy of analytical process algorithm. The result obtained the potential of ground water were discussed recharge zones into four major categories: very good, good, and moderate and low. This can help for better planning and management the potential resource of groundwater. The results analyzed the groundwater potential that were subdivided in to low, moderate, high, and very high groundwater potentials areas that cover 1664.1,7682.9, 958.27, and 192.78 km2 respectively. The prediction accuracy was checked based on the borehole yield observed and predicted data of respective locations within the selected area. The prediction accuracy obtained (68.42%) reflects that the present study's method was produced significantly reliable and precise results.
SYNTHESIS OF 1-BENZOYL-3-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-4-CARBALDEHYDE AND EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY
Authors: SUDHA BONO NAGA , SUBBAIAH N YELLA , MAHALAKSHMI MANCHALA
Published: October 2021

Objective: The main objective of this study is to synthesize a series of 1-Benzoyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (4a-e) derivatives and evaluation of the synthesized compounds for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
Methods: A series of substituted acetophenones are condensed with hydrazides to the corresponding hydrazones which are subsequently cyclized by using vilsmier-Haack reaction to give final series of 1-Benzoyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (4a-e) derivatives respectively. All newly synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of infrared, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectral data and screened for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Results: In view of the significant biological activity profile of Pyrazole, the synthesized compounds (4a-e) were evaluated for their antioxidant potency by DPPH, Nitric oxide, Hydroxyl radical scavenging, and Hydrogen Peroxide method. Compounds 4c and 4e showed potent antioxidant activity then standard. Synthesized compounds were also screened for anti-inflammatory activity. Among all the molecules 4c, 4e, and 4d showed significant activity as compared to standard drug diclofenac sodium.
Conclusion: in this study, we synthesized 1-Benzoyl-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde (4a-e) derivatives. Further, these derivatives showed significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Among them, two molecules 4c and 4e have shown near action to the standard.
ROLE OF COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY FOR MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION WITH INCREASING AGE
Authors: BIR SINGH PARTAP , SINGH SUKHRAJ , GILL GURPREET KAUR
Published: October 2021

Objective: In South Asia, hypertension is the third highest factor contributing in public health burden of disease and major risk factor for coronary artery disease especially in women and old age people. The study was aimed to determine the role of gender and age (20–80 years) on severity of hypertension to design an effective schedule for management of hypertension.
Methods: The levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and blood pressure (BP) of 240 hypertensive patients were monitored. Cholesterol, TG, and HDL levels were detected using ERBA Reagent kit of Transasia Bio-medicals LTD by CHOD-PAP, glycerol phosphate oxidase trinder End point, and polyvinyl sulfonic and polyethyleneglycol-methyl ether based methods, respectively.
Results: The BP and levels of serum cholesterol, TG and LDL were increased in both the genders after 40 years of age. However, the rise in levels of these parameters was more in females in comparison to males. A hypertension management schedule involving (BP)/Cholesterol lowering drugs and lifestyle changes for period of 60 days showed that combination drug therapy was more effective than monotherapies of same drugs used at higher dosages.
Conclusion: Hypertensive patients strictly followed the prescribed healthy food and exercise schedule showed improvement in their BP and lipid profile even with limited drug intervention.