bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity analysis of point and parametric pedotransfer functions for estimating of soil water retention
Authors: Touil Sami , Degre Aurore , Chabaca Mohamed Nacer
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Improving the accuracy of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) requires studying how the uncertainty in prediction can be apportioned to different sources of uncertainty in inputs. In this study, the question is, which variable input is the principal one or the better complimentary predictor of water retention, and at which water potential? Two approaches were adopted to generate PTF–multiple linear regressions (MLR) for point PTF and the multiple non-linear regressions (MNLR) for parametric PTFs. Reliability tests show that the point PTF provides better estimates than the parametric model (RMSE: 0.0414; 0.0444 and 0.0613; 0.0605 at −33 kPa and −1500 kPa, respectively). The local parametric PTFs provided better estimates than Rosetta PTFs at −33 kPa. However, no significant difference in accuracy was found between the parametric PTFs and Rosetta-H2 at −1500 kPa with RMSE values (0.0605 cm3 cm−3 and 0.0636 cm3 cm−3). The results of the global sensitivity analyses show that the mathematical formalism of PTF and its input variables react differently in terms of point pressure and texture. The point and parametric PTFs are sensitive primarily to the sand fraction in fine and medium textural classes. A favourable impact of bulk density and clay content is recorded with accuracy in the estimation of PTFs at −33 kPa in the medium class.
On retrieving sea ice freeboard from ICESat laser altimeter
Authors: Khvorostovsky Kirill , Rampal Pierre
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Sea ice freeboard derived from satellite altimetry is the basis for estimation of sea ice thickness using the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium. High accuracy of altimeter measurements and freeboard retrieval procedure are therefore required. As of today, two approaches for estimation of the freeboard using laser altimeter measurements from Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat), referred to as tie-points (TP) and lowest-level elevation (LLE) methods, have been developed and applied in different studies. We reproduced these methods in order to assess and analyze the sources of differences found in the retrieved freeboard and corresponding thickness estimates of the Arctic sea ice as produced by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). For the ICEsat observation periods (2003–2008) it is found that when applying the same along-track averaging scales in the two methods to calculate the local sea level references the LLE method gives significantly lower (by up to 15 cm) sea ice freeboard estimates over thick multi-year ice areas, but significantly larger estimates (by 3–5 cm in average and locally up to about 10 cm) over thin first-year ice areas, as compared to the TP method. However, we show that the difference over first-year ice areas can be reduced to less than 2 cm when using the improved TP method proposed in this paper. About 4 cm of the difference in the JPL and GSFC freeboard estimates can be attributed to the different along-track averaging scales used to calculate the local sea level references. We show that the effect of applying corrections for lead width relative to the ICESat footprint, and for snow depth accumulated in refrozen leads (as it is done for the last release of the JPL product), is very large and increase freeboard estimates by about 7 cm. Thus, the different along-track averaging scales and approaches to calculate sea surface references, from one side, and the freeboard adjustments as applied in the TP method used to produce the JPL dataset, from the other side, are roughly compensating each other with respect to freeboard estimation. Therefore the difference in the mean sea ice thickness found between the JPL and GSFC datasets should be attributed to different parameters used in the freeboard-to-thickness conversion.
O processo de ensino e aprendizagem de estudantes de enfermagem sobre o manejo do HIV/aids
Authors: Catoia Erika Aparecida , Mesquita Tais Regina , Mesquita Elis Regina , Lopes Livia Maria , Reis Renata Karina , Camargo Rosangela Andrade Aukar , Villa Tereza Cristina Scatena , Monroe Aline Aparecida
Published: April 2016

O estudo objetivou analisar os processos de ensino e aprendizagem relacionados ao HIV/aids pelos alunos do último ano dos cursos de enfermagem de uma instituição pública de ensino superior. Estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, que utilizou um instrumento autoaplicável contendo variáveis sociodemográficas; questões sobre oportunidades de ensino sobre o tema e aprofundamento dos conteúdos abordados. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se técnicas descritivas. Participaram do estudo, 84 alunos, dos quais 51,2% não tiveram aulas teóricas sobre o tema, entretanto, 57,1% afirmaram contato com o assunto em situações na prática. De modo geral o ensino apresentou fragilidades. Frente aos desafios e avanços no complexo universo do agravo é primordial repensar os processos educacionais na formação do enfermeiro, posto que este profissional responsabiliza-se pela gestão do cuidado às pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids. Os resultados encontrados fornecem elementos para reflexão sobre a realidade do ensino em enfermagem sobre o agravo.
Plantas medicinais indicadas para gripes e resfriados no sul do Brasil
Authors: Mendieta Marjoriê da Costa , Heck Rita Maria , Ceolin Silvana , Souza Andrieli Daiane Zdanski de , Vargas Natália Rosiely Costa , Piriz Manuelle Arias , Borges Anelise Miritz
Published: April 2016

Buscou-se conhecer as plantas medicinais utilizadas para gripes e resfriados por agricultores da região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul e compará-las com evidências científicas. Estudo descritivo realizado com 12 moradores agricultores da Ilha dos Marinheiros, no município de Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Utilizou-se a análise descritiva, comparando os resultados com a literatura científica. Foram citadas 13 plantas utilizadas para gripes e resfriados: Achyrocline satureioides, Allium sativum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Citrus limon, Citrus reticulata, Citrus sinensis, Gochnatia polymorpha, Illicium verum, Mentha piperita, Mikania sp., Ocimum selloi, Origanum majorana e Verbena sp. Os resultados mostraram que o conhecimento popular vai ao encontro das evidências científicas para a maioria das indicações, visto que 84,6% das plantas citadas estão condizentes com a literatura. Desta maneira, enfatiza-se a riqueza do saber popular, a necessidade de sua valorização e constante aproximação dos profissionais de saúde a este saber, integrado ao científico.
Intervenções para enfrentamento do abuso de álcool: revisão integrativa
Authors: Guimarães Fernanda Jorge , Fernandes Ana Fátima Carvalho , Pagliuca Lorita Marlena Freitag
Published: April 2016

O álcool é a droga mais consumida no mundo, que pode gerar problemas sociais e de saúde, afetando usuários, pessoas que com estes convivem e a sociedade em geral. O objetivo foi identificar melhores evidências em intervenções para redução do abuso de álcool. Revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada na LILACS, CINAHL, PUBMED e SCOPUS, por meio dos descritores intervention studies e alcoholism. Os 19 artigos selecionados, em sua maioria, foram classificados como nível dois de evidência, envolviam intervenções com usuários de álcool, destacando-se como as mais eficientes as intervenções breves, intervenções baseadas na internet e aconselhamento. Embora não se comprovou a cessação do uso do álcool a partir das intervenções, os resultados apontam redução significativa do consumo, aumento na disponibilidade para mudança do ato de beber e impacto efetivo das intervenções breves quando comparadas aos tratamentos usuais. As intervenções breves constituem as melhores intervenções para redução do abuso de álcool.
Experiência paterna no primeiro ano de vida da criança: revisão integrativa de pesquisas qualitativas
Authors: Ferreira Fernando Henrique , Wernet Monika , Marski Bruna de Souza Lima , Ferreira Graziani Izidoro , Toledo Laura Priscila Navarrete de , Fabbro Márcia Regina Cangiani
Published: April 2016

As transformações sociais têm suscitado a reflexão sobre o papel paterno e apontado para novas paternidades, caracterizadas pelo envolvimento mais efetivo do pai no cotidiano familiar e nos cuidados com a criança. A presente revisão integrativa de pesquisas qualitativas teve como objetivo sintetizar as evidencias da literatura sobre a experiência paterna ao longo do primeiro ano de vida da(o) filha(o), com atenção às questões de gênero. Vinte e três artigos integram este estudo. Observou-se que os pais vivenciaram interações positivas com seus bebês e, ainda, almejaram mais tempo e espaço para se dedicarem à família. No entanto, a desigualdade entre os gêneros, a contínua exigência da provisão financeira do lar e sua inaptidão para o momento da amamentação impediram que houvesse maior envolvimento paterno. Concluiu-se que o movimento das novas paternidades faz-se presente na vivência do pai e as tendências contemporâneas de gênero são desafios no apoio à parentalidade.
Editorial
Authors: Laude Patrick
Published: April 2016

Prof. Laude reflects on the ambiguity of the notion of transmission and heritage from a religious perspective. On the one hand, religion commands man to honor his parents. Truly, there is no living spiritual tradition without a process of transmission of values from the one generation to the next. On the other hand, the highest goal of man is God. Love toward this Divine Reality necessarily transcends any form of attachment toward one’s culture or family. This is why precisely religious traditions have generally elevated the status of the spiritual teacher above the one of the biological father.
Theological Response for Ray Kurzweil’s Future Perfect
Authors: Moyse Ashley
Published: April 2016

Expressions of human creativity in the form of technological achievements have astonished and amazed—consistently interrupting the experience and expression of reality. Yet many are gripped by the novelty of technological progress and the emergence of curious techniques, while continuing to remain confounded about where, or what, the boundaries are. The following article explores this topic further, identifying recent and regular scientific and technological breakthroughs that have challenged our conception of human life and death. For this, the author draws from some of the claims of Raymond Kurzweil, whose advocacy of transhumanism and life extension technologies have garnered wide public attention. In response, the following also explores how Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s theological anthropology might inform our understanding as technological and biological life are blurred and the panoply of scientific advancements constrain current conceptions of human being and becoming.
ENFERMAGEM BASEADA EM EVIDÊNCIA: CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS ESTUDOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Pedrosa Karilena Karlla Amorim , Oliveira Isabelle Christine Marinho , Feijão Alexsandra Rodrigues , Machado Regimar Carla
Published: April 2016

Revisão integrativa que objetivou caracterizar estudos brasileiros sobre prática de enfermagem baseada em evidências. A busca foi realizada no período de junho a setembro de 2014, na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online, e National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. Foram selecionados 21 artigos, todos publicados em periódicos nacionais, no período de 2003 a 2014. Os resultados apontam para um maior número de revisões, com nível de evidência 5, em detrimento dos demais tipos de estudo encontrados. Com destaque, têm-se as revisões integrativas e sistemáticas direcionadas para a prática assistencial e de ensino, desenvolvidas na região sudeste, por enfermeiros com atuação no ensino com titulação máxima de doutor. Ressalta-se a necessidade de capacitação do enfermeiro assistencial na busca, desenvolvimento e utilização de pesquisas na prática, a fim de transpor a dicotomia entre a pesquisa e o cuidar.
Political Ecology: a Latin American Perspective
Authors: Leff Enrique
Published: April 2016

A ecologia política é o campo no qual se expressam as relações de poder para desconstruir a racionalidade insustentável da modernidade e para mobilizar as ações sociais no mundo globalizado para a construção de um futuro sustentável fundado nos potenciais da natureza e da criatividade cultural, num pensamento emancipatório e em uma ética política para renovar o sentido e a sustentabilidade da vida. A ecologia política enraíza a desconstrução teórica na arena política: além de reconhecer a diversidade cultural, os saberes tradicionais e os direitos dos povos indígenas, o ambientalismo radical confronta o poder hegemônico unificador do mercado como destino inelutável da humanidade. A ecologia política na América Latina está operando um processo análogo ao que realizara Marx com o idealismo hegeliano, arraigando a filosofia da pós-modernidade (Heidegger, Levinas, Derrida) no contexto de uma ontologia política: territorializando o pensamento do ser, da diferença e da alteridade em uma racionalidade ambiental, arraigada em uma ontologia da diversidade cultural, em uma política da diferença e em uma ética da alteridade. A descolonização do saber e a legitimação de outros conhecimentos-saberes-sabedorias liberam modos alternativos de compreensão da realidade, da natureza, da vida humana e das relações sociais, abrindo novos caminhos para a reconstrução da vida humana no planeta.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO AOS ESTUDOS DA PRECIPITAÇÃO NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ: A OSCILAÇÃO DECADAL DO PACÍFICO - ODP
Authors: Nascimento Júnior Lindberg , Sant'Anna Neto João Lima
Published: April 2016

A Oscilação Decadal do Pacífico – ODP tem sido discutida como a teleconexão de baixa frequência mais recorrente do Oceano Pacífico. A oscilação é caracterizada por meio das temperaturas da superfície do mar e pela temporalidade de atuação na escala de 20 a 30 anos. No Brasil, associações entre ODP nas dinâmicas climáticas regionais e locais são verificadas principalmente na variabilidade pluviométrica. No Paraná, estudos que associaram a oscilação à dinâmica pluviométrica e/ou climática foram obtidos de forma indireta. Neste contexto, o objetivo do trabalho é apresentar as características por meio de associações e correlações espaciais e temporais obtidas por testes estatísticos para a precipitação no estado. O intuito é contribuir aos estudos sobre a gênese das chuvas na região, considerando a variabilidade pluviométrica em escala decadal, e destacando a ODP como um fenômeno que auxilia na produção das chuvas no estado. Foram utilizadas séries históricas de 1976 a 2011: a) com dados mensais de chuva e número de dias com chuva, agrupados em escalas trimestrais, sazonais e anuais; e b) com índices anuais padronizados da ODP. A caracterização foi processada pela associação em função da similaridade temporal da ODP e das chuvas no Paraná e as correlações foram obtidas pelo coeficiente de correlação linear de Pearson. Em geral, a participação da ODP se mostrou com sinal fraco para chuvas, numa relação de 11% a 20%, considerando o coeficiente de determinação (r²). Para os números de dias com chuva a correlação foi de 17 a 46%, sugerindo uma relação com sinal moderado-fraco. Os resultados corroboram para o melhor entendimento das gêneses das chuvas em regiões de clima tropical, especialmente para o Paraná, e aponta abordagens interpretativas dos impactos regionais e locais de teleconexões climáticas de baixa frequência.
What R&D Assets Say about Firm Profitability
Authors: Santosuosso Pierluigi
Published: April 2016

Research and development (R&D) activities are usually considered a key factor for achieving superior performances. Using a sample of 11,897 manufacturing Italian firms, we examine the relationship between R&D expenditure that is capitalized as an intangible asset and some proxies of firm profitability over a period of four years in order to explore whether R&D assets can help investors in the identification of profitable firms. Contrary to expectations, this paper found a negative and/or an insignificant association between R&D assets and proxies of firm profitability. Although there are several possible explanations for this result, what we learn from this study is that R&D assets are not on average a reliable indicator for detecting profitable firms. Research findings revealed that firms with R&D assets appear to be not so profitable, large and levered.
Van containers en growshops
Authors: ten Voorde J.M.
Published: April 2016

Van containers en growshops. Over functioneel daderschap als alternatief voor medeplegen

In de rechtspraak van de Hoge Raad over medeplegen wordt soms verwezen naar de mogelijkheid om strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid via de figuur van het functioneel daderschap vast te stellen. Dit artikel onderzoekt de mogelijkheid of functioneel daderschap (in de vorm van functioneel plegen en functioneel medeplegen) een alternatief voor medeplegen kan vormen. De voorzichtige conclusie luidt dat de figuur van het functioneel medeplegen tot strafrechtelijke aansprakelijkheid kan leiden in geval van vóór, ten tijde en na afloop van het delict geconstateerde passiviteit die strijdig is met een voor de functionaris geldende zorgplicht.
De Wet Bibob en de onschuldpresumptie
Authors: van der Vorm B.
Published: April 2016

De Wet Bibob en de onschuldpresumptie

Naar staande jurisprudentie van de Afdeling is een weigering of intrekking van een beschikking op grond van de Wet Bibob niet aan te merken als een ‘criminal charge’. Hieruit kan niet de conclusie worden getrokken dat de onschuldpresumptie niet van toepassing is op de Wet Bibob. Uit een belangrijke uitspraak van de Afdeling uit 2015 blijkt dat de onschuldpresumptie in een Bibob-procedure kan worden geschonden. De gevolgen van deze uitspraak voor de Bibob-praktijk zijn beperkt.
MiR-708-5p as a Predictive Marker of Colorectal Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Paola  Fernanda  Fedatto  , Thais  Inácio  de  Carvalho  , Jaqueline  Carvalho  de  Oliveir  , David  Santos  Marco  Antônio  , Julia  Alejandra  Pezuk  , Daniela  Pretti  da  Cunha  Tirapell  , Omar    Féres  , Osé    Joaquim    Ribeiro    da    Rocha  , Carlos    Alberto    Scrideli  , Luiz Gonzaga Tone  , María Sol Brassesco
Published: April 2016

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short non-coding RNA that act as negative regulators of gene expression. Altered levels of miR-708-5p have recently been described in many tumors, although its contribution in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathophysiology remains unclear. Methods/Patients: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate the expression of miR-708-5p in 50 CRC and 20 paired adjacent noncancerous tissues. The relationship between miRNA levels and clinicopathological features was estimated using the Mann-Whitney test, and survival curves calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Additionally, in vitro assays were performed to investigate the possible role of miR-708-5p on CRC cell survival. Results: The expression level of miR-708-5p was significantly decreased in CRC tissues (3.79 fold-change, p=0.0112) when compared with non-neoplastic colon samples. Paired analysis in 20 CRC samples with their corresponding adjacent non-neoplastic tissue showed miR-708 downregulation in 60% of them. The same pattern was seen in DLD1 and HT-29 cell lines (~50-fold decrease). Interestingly, higher expression is observed in patients with poor prognosissuch as stage III/IV, relapse/metastasis and death, and shorter 5-year event free survival. Exogenous expression of miR-708 exerted a significant influence on clonogenicity in vitro. Conclusion: These results suggest that reduced miR-708-5p expression may contribute to the first stages of colorectal carcinogenesis. A shift in the regulation of miR-708-5p might operate in more severe stages of the disease. It seems that lower levels of miR-708 expression might connote less advanced disease and better prognosis. Further studies are needed to corroborate our results and better elucidate the role of miR-708 in CRC.
Mémoire des années 1960 dans le cinéma québécois
Authors: Fortin Andrée
Published: April 2016

Comment le cinéma québécois porte-t-il la mémoire de la Révolution tranquille ? Comment la construit-il ? L’étude des films tournés pendant les années 1960 et ceux produits par la suite et dont l’action se situe pendant cette décennie permet de répondre à cette question. Les thèmes abordés dans l’analyse sont les lieux de l’action, les liens intergénérationnels et le rattachement des personnages à une communauté, le nationalisme, l’ici et l’ailleurs, le rapport à l’art et en particulier à la musique et enfin l’usage du médium cinématographique. Si un vent de changement souffle sur le Québec des années 1960 et si les protagonistes des films sont jeunes, ce n’est pas le même changement sur lequel insistent les films des années 1960 et ceux sur ces années. Surtout, ils n’ont pas le même rapport à l’histoire et à la mémoire : les premiers veulent faire du passé table rase, et les personnages évoluent dans un présent pas nécessairement doté d’avenir, alors que les seconds situent leurs protagonistes dans une généalogie et dans un devenir.
Chansons du Détroit et les Premières Nations : un essai
Authors: Delâge Denys
Published: April 2016

Mise en dialogue d’un corpus de chansons folkloriques canadiennes- françaises du Détroit recueillies par Marcel Bénéteau avec les récits de voyage chez les nations des Pays d’en Haut de Louis Hennepin (1676-1680 : Iroquois, Illinois, Sioux), Jean-Baptiste Truteau ou Trudeau (1794-1796 : Arikaras, Sioux) et Pierre-Antoine Tabeau (1803-1805 : Arikaras, Sioux). Trois regards : condamnation au nom de la foi, de la raison, nostalgie. Analyse des axes d’articulation et de tensions entre les cultures coloniale et autochtone : parenté, mariage et sexualité, communauté, guerre, psychotropes (tabac et alcool), religion, chant. Une énigme : pourquoi l’absence de chansons d’amour en pays amérindien ? Explication : non pas la montée de l’individu, mais les sources du moi dans les sociétés de typeGemeinschaftouGeseilschaft.
La voz visible. Un acercamiento al testimonio de ex presos políticos en Uruguay
Authors: Forcinito Ana
Published: April 2016

Resumen: La literatura testimonial de ex presos políticos uruguayos se establece como escenario para examinar las diferentes transformaciones que se producen a partir de la pretensión fundamental de ser reconocidos como víctimas de violaciones a los derechos humanos desde el propio cuerpo y desde el pensamiento de él Asimismo y a partir de un cruce de los acercamientos al cuerpo y a lo visible, este ensayo propone una poética del testimonio justamente en la transformación de la materialidad de la voz (como grito desarticulado asociado a la tortura) en una voz articulada que trae al campo de lo visible (en un sentido político) simultáneamente las denuncias a las violaciones de los derechos humanos y la articulación de una subjetividad ético-política que se proyecta hacia el futuro.
Palabras clave: víctimas, cuerpo, pensamiento, voz, sufrimiento
Abstract: The uruguayan political prisoners testimonial literature it's established as a scene for inspect the different transformations which are generated from the fundamental ambition of being recognized as victims of violation of the Human Rights since the thinking about him. Likewise, and from an exchange of the approaches to the body and the observableness, this essay proposes a poetics from the testimony precisely during the transformation of the material nature of the voice (as a broken cry associated to the torture) in an articulated voice that brings to the realm of the visible (in a political way) simultaneously the reports to the violations of the Human Rights and the articulation of an ethical and political subjectivity which it's projected to the future.
Key words: victims, body, knowledge, voice, suffering
La poética del testimonio en 'Necesidad de libertad', de Reinaldo Arenas
Authors: Simal Monica
Published: April 2016

Resumen: Este artículo se propone analizar el libro Necesidad de Libertad (México, 1986) del escritor cubano Reinaldo Arenas (Holguín, 1943- La Habana,1990) atendiendo a la aproximación que hace este autor al género testimonio. Convertido según la crítica en una alternativa frente a la autobiografía y al boom latinoamericano, el testimonio encontró fieles exponentes en los escritores e instituciones cubanas que lo acogieron y promovieron como fue el caso de Casa de las Américas. Me interesa examinar cómo Arenas acude a la poética testimonial, en tanto práctica discursiva, para enfrentarse a la retórica testimonial oficialista y dar cuenta de su labor político-estética en el exilio como parte de la generación de escritores que llegaron a los Estados Unidos en 1980 a través del puerto del Mariel. Estos apenas estudiados heterogéneos textos que conforman Necesidad (ensayos, cartas, documentos, fotos, etc.) son un ejemplo de una postura disidente dentro de la producción testimonial latinoamericana, la cual pretende reivindicar la labor de la llamada Generación del Mariel, estigmatizada, marginalizada y echada a un lado en ese debate sobre lo testimonial que acompañó al proceso político cubano y a sus correspondientes prácticas culturales.
 
Palabras clave: Reinaldo Arenas; necesidad de libertad; testimonio; Mariel; política cultural cubana
 
Abstract:This article analyzes the book Necesidad de libertad (Mexico, 1986) of Cuban writer Reinaldo Arenas (Holguin, Havana 1943- 1990). It is based on this author’s approach to the testimony literary genre. Highlighted by the critics as an alternative to the autobiography and the Latin American boom, the testimony was supported by Cuban writers and institutions such as Casa de las Américas. I am interested in examining how Arenas uses the poetics of testimony as a discursive practice that challenges official rhetoric. In addition, he highlights his political and aesthetic work in exile as part of the generation of writers who came to the United States in 1980 through the Mariel boatlift. These scarcely studied and heterogeneous texts compiled in Necesidad (essays, letters, documents, photos, etc.) are an example of dissidence within the Latin American testimonial production. They seek to vindicate the work of the Mariel Generation, stigmatized and marginalized in the debate on testimony that has accompanied official Cuban politics and its corresponding cultural practices.
 
Key words: Reinaldo Arenas; necessity of freedom; testimony; Mariel; Cuban cultural politics
'Si me permiten hablar': la subjetivación plural en el relato testimonial de Domitila Chungara
Authors: Zavala Virreira Rocío
Published: April 2016

Resumen:Este artículo aborda la cuestión de la subjetivación plural en el testimonio de Domitila Chungara Si me permiten hablar...¿Cómo se construye esa palabra que Domitila Chungara elabora como la voz de su pueblo? ¿Qué dice esta voz acerca del desencuentro discursivo que persiste entre, por un lado, quienes privilegian ciertas categorías subjetivas en nombre de la visibilidad de ciertas luchas y, por otro lado, quienes plantean un pensamiento interseccional del sujeto histórico oprimido?
Palabras clave: testimonio, Domitila Chungara, subalternidad y autoría plural
Abstract:This paper deals with the issue on plural subjectivation on Domitila Chungara’s testimony Si me permiten hablar... How does Chungara elaborate her voice as the people’s voice? What does this voice reveal about the multiple dimensions of subject, specially about race, gender and class?
Key words: Testimony, Domitila Chingara,Subalternity y Plural Author.
Ausencia, resto, objeto: una propuesta de lectura de la fotografía argentina post-dictadura
Authors: Balletta Edoardo
Published: April 2016

Resumen: La historia de los movimientos para los derechos humanos en la Argentina tiene una relación muy estrecha con la fotografía. Desde las primeras marchas de las Madres en la plaza de Mayo, la fotografía ha tenido una importancia capital entre las formas de comunicación del movimiento de los DDHH en la Argentina, tanto que las fotos-carnet de los desaparecidos pueden considerarse con razón un “emblema político” (Richard, 2000: 31) y un “referente icónico” (Da Silva Catela, 2009: 337) de la misma lucha  por la verdad y la justicia en el país rioplatense.  El presente artículo propone una lectura general de la fotografía argentina de la post-dictadura (RES, F. Gutiérrez, M. Brodsky, J. Pantoja, I. Ulanovsky, L. Quieto, G. Bettini, G. Germano) empezando por la hipótesis que dicho corpus iconográfico  se alimenta de un archivo (el conjunto de imágenes documentales y familiares) y se expresa a partir de tres paradigmas (objeto, resto, ausencia
Palabras clave: Argentina, post-dictadura, fotografía, testimonio.
Abstract: The history of movements for human rights in Argentina has a very close relationship with the photography. Since the first marches of the Mothers of Plaza de Mayo, photography has been of fundamental importance among the forms of communication of Human Rights argentine groups and desaparecidos ID Photo-card can be rightly considered a “political emblem "(Richard, 2000: 31) of the struggle for truth and justice in the River Plate country. This article proposes a general reading of post-dictatorship argentine photography (RES, F. Gutierrez, M. Brodsky, J. Pantoja, I. Ulanovsky, L. Quieto, G. Bettini, G. Germano) starting with the hypothesis that this iconographic corpus is fed by an archive of images from the past (family photos and other kinds of materials) and expressed through three paradigms of representation (object, remnant, absence).
Key words: Argentina, post-dictatorship, photography, witness.
Testimonio nicaragüense: de los Sandinistas a la inclusión de los Contras. Por una polémica memoria contrarrevolucionaria
Authors: Rueda Estrada Véronica , Vázquez Medeles Juan Carlos
Published: April 2016

RESUMEN:El presente artículo propone hacer visible el testimonio del movimiento contrarrevolucionario mismo que ha sido excluido del memorial nicaragüense. Se trata de una serie de testimonios de los contras que han sido marginados tanto de los discursos oficiales del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN) como del discurso contrarrevolucionario. La memoria de estos combatientes antirrevolucionarios fue aplastada doblemente, por un lado, los “Freedom Fighter” fueron concebidos como subordinados del imperio norteamericano por lo que su voz se omitió por su naturaleza antagónica del gobierno sandinista; por el otro, para sus dirigentes su discurso merecía ser transmitido sólo en la medida en que sirviera como propaganda anticomunista. Posteriormente, la derrota electoral del FSLN y la victoria de Violeta Barrios de Chamorro —neoliberal y antisandinista—continuó con la restricción en la labor enunciativa del discurso y la memoria contrarrevolucionaria. Buscando un rescate de voces ocultas, este trabajo se encuentra dividido en tres partes. En primer lugar, se caracterizan los discursos testimoniales del sandinismo para entender la ausencia de la construcción de una identidad contrarrevolucionaria; en segundo lugar se hace un mapeo de algunos de los discursos elaborados por simpatizantes y/o militantes de la contra; y finalmente, se dan las conclusiones.
Palabras clave: Testimonio, Contra, sandinismo, anti-sandinismo.
 
 
ABSTRACT:The purpose of this article is to bring to the fore the testimony of the Contras movement that has been excluded from the Nicaraguan memorial. These are the testimonies which have been removed from official speeches by the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) and the counterrevolution discourse. The memory of these anti-revolutionary fighters was crushed twice: first when the “Freedom Fighter” was depicted as a subordinate of the American empire so that this voice would be omitted by the antagonistic nature of the Sandinista government and second as political leaders used these discourses only as anti-communist propaganda. Subsequently, the FSLN´s electoral defeat and the victory of Violeta Barrios de Chamorro –against sandinistas and neoliberal- eroded the declarative speech and counterrevolutionary memory. This paper is divided in three parts. The first one describes the sandinista speeches in order to understand the lack of a counterrevolutionary identity; the second section locates some of the main speeches were made by supporters and/or Contra militants; and in the third part both authors make their final conclusions on the contested counterrevolutionary memory.
Key Words: Testimony, Contra, sandinista, anti-sandinismo.
Imagen y testimonio frente a la desaparición forzada de personas en la Argentina de la transición
Authors: Feld Claudia
Published: April 2016

Resumen: El artículo analiza la relación entre la imagen y el testimonio en el espacio público de la Argentina transicional. Para ello, se concentra en tres tipos de articulación entre testimonio e imagen que se configuraron en aquel momento, aunque luego tuvieron un derrotero mucho más largo, y que permiten debatir más ampliamente las funciones memoriales tanto de la imagen como del testimonio: la imagen como testigo, primero; la imagen en el testimonio, después; y, finalmente, las imágenes de los testigos.
Palabras clave: Imagen, testimonio, Argentina, visibilidad.
Abstract: This paper deals with the relationship  between image and testimony in the public space of transitional Argentine. It concentrates in three main kinds of relationship: the image as witness, the image in the testimony and the images of witnesses.
Key words: Image, Testimony, Argentine, Visibility.
Testimonio y subalternidad hoy. En torno a dos colectivos de mujeres mexicanas en lucha
Authors: Espeleta Olivera Mariana
Published: April 2016

Resumen: El artículo explora las nociones gramscianas de Hegemonía y Subalternidad y analiza el lugar que el testimonio puede tener en relación con ellas. Desde ese entramado teórico, se sirve de dos ejemplos de colectivos de mujeres actuales en Mexico para dar cuenta de las potencialiades de la autorrepresentación como herramienta de resistencia en un contexto de subalternización. Palabras clave: Hegemonía, subalternidad, Patronas, Ciudad Juárez.Abstract: The paper focuses in the gramscian notions of Hegemony and Subalternity and analyzes the place of witnessing within them. From this theoretical issue, the author studies two cases of women’s organization and the potentialities of autorrepresentation as a cultural tool for struggling. Key words: Hegemony, Subalternity, Patronas, Ciudad Juárez.
Avatares del testimonio en América Latina: tensiones, contradicciones, relecturas...
Authors: Peris Blanes Jaume , Palazon Gema
Published: April 2016

En una de las aportaciones de este número Pilar Calveiro afirma: “creo que hablar de ‘el testimonio’, en términos generales, no es de mayor utilidad. Es necesario precisar: testimonio de qué y de quién y, sobre todo, para qué”. Alude con esa consideración al carácter histórico y situado de las escrituras testimoniales en las luchas culturales, sociales y políticas del mundo contemporáneo y a la necesidad de evaluar y analizar la función específica que cada testimonio desempeña en ellas. Ese enfoque, que busca desnaturalizar la categoría de testimonio tal como se parece haberse consolidado en las últimas décadas, es precisamente el que sostenía la convocatoria que ha dado lugar a este número especial.
Rigoberta Menchú: el nombre no es un destino
Authors: Palazón Sáez Gema , Girona Fibla Nuria
Published: April 2016

Resumen: De emblema del circuito académico al de la nación guatemalteca, de la internacionalización de su labor pacifista a la circulación global, de la solidaridad subalterna al fetichismo de la mercancía, Menchú ha encarnado tanto un objeto de deseo como un objeto de disputa y con ello ha dejado al descubierto las aristas entre lo dominante y lo subalterno, lo central y lo periférico, lo ideológico y lo estético, lo alegórico y lo institucional. En definitiva, ha abierto un espacio de tensiones y choques en las dinámicas de resistencia cultural que oponen las identidades no hegemónicas a los códigos opresores, las relaciones entre el poder metropolitano-occidental y el saber académico, la reconversión de lo popular y lo nacional bajo el efecto globalizador de las industrias culturales.
Palabras clave: Rigoberta Menchú, Testimonio, Suablternidad.
Abstract: This paper deals with the changing role of Rigoberta Menchú in the debates and cultural fights on subalternity, empowerment and hegemony in Latin America. The authors analyze the changing positions in Menchú’s discourses and in the social and cultural representations of her as a cultural icon.
Key words: Rigoberta Menchú, Testimony, Suablternity.
PAN, GLAHN OG JAGTVIDENSKABEN FRA ÆSOP TIL C(H)ORA
Authors: Dvergsdal Alvhild
Published: April 2016

This article asserts that the character of Thomas Glahn in Pan should be understood as a sport hunter.  The popularity of sport hunting increased in Norway in the second part of the 19th century, causing a public discussion on the ethics of this kind of hunting compared to hunting for survival.  The article hypothesizes that Hamsun knew J. B. Barth's writings about the value of hunting and experiencing nature.  In his “Afhandling om den Fornøielse, Menneskene finde i jagten” (1865), published for a second time around 20 years later, Barth defines the ethos of sport hunting, and argues that young men from the bourgeoisie class can gain important values and education from hunting. The article shows how the character of Glahn can be read as an example of Barth's view of the ideal hunter. However, in one important aspect, Glahn does not live up to the expectations that the reader in Hamsun’s time might have had about the ideal hunter.  Barth claims that engaging in ethical sport hunting also improves the hunter’s mental health. Glahn obviously does not confirm this claim.  The unfulfilled expectations on this matter provoke questions within the reader about Glahn’s mental health and recalls Hamsun’s early interest in the human mind in a modern world.
KNUT HAMSUN – STEMNINGSDIKTER
Authors: Nordøy Atle Tord
Published: April 2016

In this essay I take a closer look at the Norwegian concept of stemning, and how this concept has been applied to Hamsun’s early work.  I look at both the semantics and the history of the concept, and at Hamsun’s own use of it.  The main insight of this investigation is that stemning is a concept that is not limited to subjective or objective experience, but must be understood outside of the object/subject dichotomy.  These insights are then used in an analysis of Hamsun’s short story, ”Onde dage”, where I show that Hamsun is not trying to capture a subjective experience, but a common human reality.
HAMSUN OG TSJEKHOV – STILISTISK GJENKLANG. ERFARINGER FRA MITT VIRKE SOM OVERSETTER
Authors: Pankratova Eleonora
Published: April 2016

The Norwegian term å gjendikte, meaning “to recreate”, is always my guiding principle while translating Norwegian literature into Russian. Intonation is a very important factor. For example in the earliest Hamsun novel, Bjørger (1878), it was very important for me to present a rural Norwegian atmosphere while avoiding incorrect associations and allusions and also bearing in mind strong cultural differences. While working with Hamsun’s Sværmere (1904), it was essential that I pay careful attention in conveying the right intonation and word choice, so that the reader could properly perceive the irony and humor of the novel. In many cases, the language of Chekhov, whose characters sometimes have typological resemblance to Hamsun’s, was a stylistic pattern for me. This article will use quotations from both authors to illustrate this stylistic resonance.
REAKSJONÆR RADIKALISME: HAMSUNS VITALISTISKE POETIKK
Authors: Boasson Frode Lerum
Published: April 2016

This article challenges a non-political interpretation of Hamsun’s work, by arguing that Hamsun's poetics is characterized by a radical reactionary vitalism.
"... DET BESTE I DEN NORDNORSKE FORTELJARTRADISJONEN". Om Lars Bergs romaner – sammenliknet med Hamsuns
Authors: Wærp Henning Howlid
Published: April 2016

This article uses a regional perspective to compare the novels of Lars Berg with Knut Hamsun’s novels set in northern Norway. What characterizes the northern Norwegian storytelling tradition, and is it possible to define it?  In order to close in on this concept, this article focuses on certain aspects of setting, including: fishery, trade, language, and character.
PÅ GJENGRODDE STIER (1949): PASIENTEN SOM FORTELLER
Authors: Nesby Linda Hamrin
Published: April 2016

In this article, I discuss Knut Hamsun’s last book On Overgrown Paths [På gjengrodde Stier] (1949) from the perspective of a pathography, meaning an autobiography that focuses on a person’s illness and its consequences. Due to his actions during WWII, Hamsun was subjected to a psychiatric examination in 1947 and diagnosed as having permanently impaired mental faculties. Hamsun opposed this diagnosis, and the book both aims at demonstrating his mental ability and depicting his experience of being an unwilling patient. This article looks at how the autobiographical narrator reflects upon his experiences as a patient, and how the text contains a certain critique of the clinic and the patient-doctor relationship. It sheds light on how the motif of travel and quest is important for the narrator’s experience of being ill, and it concludes with a brief discussion of how medicine and literature are disciplines that may benefit from an interdisciplinary approach to studying both fiction and autobiographical literature.
GENIETS TRAGEDIE: ET TSJEKKISK SKUESPILL OM HAMSUN
Authors: Humpál Martin
Published: April 2016

This article discusses the play The Old Nazi: The Tragedy of a Genius, written by the Czech journalist Martin Komárek and staged in Prague in 2010/2011. It presents both the formal and the thematic aspects of the drama and argues that this unique text deserves to be known outside of the Czech Republic. Komárek made himself familiar with various information about Hamsun’s life, but this did not curb his imagination; his play works very well as theater. The drama contains many fictitious events and dialogues, yet at the same time, it does not distort in any major way the historical image of Hamsun. The play is thus well balanced and provides a very good basis for potentially successful theater productions.
“DET UFERDIGES KRAFT” SOM LITTERÆR VERDI HOS KNUT HAMSUN OG KARL OVE KNAUSGÅRD
Authors: Furuseth Sissel
Published: April 2016

In the essay “Sjelens Amerika” [“The America of the Soul”], Karl Ove Knausgård claims that the reason why we still perceive Knut Hamsun’s novels as fresh and present is because they display our own modern world in its very creation, at a time when it was full of “the power of the unfinished” and not yet stiffened in accomplished systems. In this article, I argue that the idea of “the power of the unfinished” is an aesthetic category describing the core of a poetics common to Knausgård and Hamsun.
«VI ER ALDRI SYKE, DERFOR HOLDER VI OSS FRISKE OG ELDES IKKE». KNUT HAMSUN OG PAULINE FRA POLDEN I ET HELSEMESSIG PERSPEKTIV
Authors: Torrissen Wenche
Published: April 2016

Can we learn anything about well-being and what it is that constitutes the ‘mystery’ of health by reading Knut Hamsun’s novels? This article argues that Knut Hamsun in his description of the character Pauline Andreassen in the August trilogy (1927–1933), illustrates central elements of what modern radical philosophers (Ivan Illich, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Aaron Antonovsky) understand about good health and well-being, namely: the ability to adapt to a society, the ability to establish a life based on one’s own interests and possibilities, and the ability to cope with different emotional losses and challenges in life. This article also gives a brief introduction to Hamsun’s harsh criticism of bio-medical institutions and the way they tend to medicalize society. As a contribution to the health/humanities debates, this article also investigates how the humanities can enhance our knowledge and understanding of health and well-being.
Tunable double transparency windows induced by single subradiant element in coupled graphene plasmonic nanostructure
Authors: Hu Cheng , Wang Lingling , Lin Qi , Zhai Xiang , Ma Xiaoying , Han Tao , Du Jiang
Published: April 2016

We present the coupling-induced transparency (CIT) effect by employing the localized surface plasmon mode supported by a periodic array of graphene nanoribbons destructively interfering with the quasiguided mode supported by a single-layer graphene sheet. It is found that the resonance strength and linewidth are strongly dependent on the coupling distance. It is also shown that the degeneracy between the symmetric and antisymmetric quasiguided modes is lifted owing to the oblique incidence, resulting in the double CIT effect with an ultrahigh figure of merit (FOM) (as high as 271), which may provide potential applications in dynamic optical switching and biochemical sensing.
Explanatory models for homeopathy: from the vital force to the current paradigm
Authors: Bonamin Leoni Villano , Waisse Silvia
Published: April 2016

Facing claims for and against the scientific status of homeopathy, one is entitled to ask: is there a scientific model for homeopathy? In this study we reconstructed the model put forward by Hahnemann. The results showed that it was essentially based on the assumption of a ‘vital force’ exclusive to living beings. While the vital force was a basic element of 18th-century science, the existence of such a sui generis force of nature was refuted with the formulation of the law of the conservation of energy by mid-19th century. As a function of that fact for homeopathic theory, we discuss the history of the rise and demise of the theory of the vital force from the last quarter of the 18th century to 1830. Finally, we call the attention to the paradigm shift biology underwent starting at the end of the 19th century as the framework for contemporary views on the functioning of living beings and consequently, of the effects of pharmacological agents on them.
Business Ethics and Human Rights: An Overview
Authors: BRENKERT George G
Published: April 2016

In the last several decades a diverse movement has emerged that seeks to extend the accountability for human rights beyond governments and states, to businesses. Though the view that business has human rights responsibilities has attracted a great deal of positive attention, this view continues to face many reservations and unresolved questions.

Business ethicists have responded in a twofold manner. First, they have tried to formulate the general terms or frameworks within which the discussion might best proceed. Second, they have sought to answer several questions that these different frameworks pose: A. What are human rights and how justify one’s defence of them?; B. Who is responsible for human rights? What justifies their extension to business?; and C. What are the general features of business’s human rights responsibilities? Are they mandatory or voluntary? How are the specific human rights responsibilities of business to be determined?

Within the limited space of this article, this article seeks to critically examine where the discussion of these issues presently stands and what has been the contribution of business ethicists.