bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TCR microclusters form spatially segregated domains and sequentially assemble in calcium-dependent kinetic steps
Authors: Yi Jason , Balagopalan Lakshmi , Nguyen Tiffany , McIntire Katherine M. , Samelson Lawrence E.
Published: January 2019

Engagement of the T cell receptor (TCR) by stimulatory ligand results in the rapid formation of microclusters at sites of T cell activation. Whereas microclusters have been studied extensively using confocal microscopy, the spatial and kinetic relationships of their signaling components have not been well characterized due to limits in image resolution and acquisition speed. Here we show, using TIRF-SIM to examine the organization of microclusters at sub-diffraction resolution, the presence of two spatially distinct domains composed of ZAP70-bound TCR and LAT-associated signaling complex. Kinetic analysis of microcluster assembly reveal surprising delays between the stepwise recruitment of ZAP70 and signaling proteins to the TCR, as well as distinct patterns in their disassociation. These delays are regulated by intracellular calcium flux downstream of T cell activation. Our results reveal novel insights into the spatial and kinetic regulation of TCR microcluster formation and T cell activation.
Sex peptide receptor-regulated polyandry modulates the balance of pre- and post-copulatory sexual selection in Drosophila
Authors: Morimoto Juliano , McDonald Grant C. , Smith Emelia , Smith Damian T. , Perry Jennifer C. , Chapman Tracey , Pizzari Tommaso , Wigby Stuart
Published: January 2019

Polyandry prolongs sexual selection on males by forcing ejaculates to compete for fertilisation. Recent theory predicts that increasing polyandry may weaken pre-copulatory sexual selection on males and increase the relative importance of post-copulatory sexual selection, but experimental tests of this prediction are lacking. Here, we manipulate the polyandry levels in groups of Drosophila melanogaster by deletion of the female sex peptide receptor. We show that groups in which the sex-peptide-receptor is absent in females (SPR-) have higher polyandry, and – as a result – weaker pre-copulatory sexual selection on male mating success, compared to controls. Post-copulatory selection on male paternity share is relatively more important in SPR- groups, where males gain additional paternity by mating repeatedly with the same females. These results provide experimental evidence that elevated polyandry weakens pre-copulatory sexual selection on males, shifts selection to post-copulatory events, and that the sex peptide pathway can play a key role in modulating this process in Drosophila.
ONECUT2 is a driver of neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Authors: Guo Haiyang , Ci Xinpei , Ahmed Musaddeque , Hua Junjie Tony , Soares Fraser , Lin Dong , Puca Loredana , Vosoughi Aram , Xue Hui , Li Estelle , Su Peiran , Chen Sujun , Nguyen Tran , Liang Yi , Zhang Yuzhe , Xu Xin , Xu Jing , Sheahan Anjali V. , Ba-Alawi Wail , Zhang Si , Mahamud Osman , Vellanki Ravi N. , Gleave Martin , Bristow Robert G. , Haibe-Kains Benjamin , Poirier John T. , Rudin Charles M. , Tsao Ming-Sound , Wouters Bradly G. , Fazli Ladan , Feng Felix Y. , Ellis Leigh , van der Kwast Theo , Berlin Alejandro , Koritzinsky Marianne , Boutros Paul C. , Zoubeidi Amina , Beltran Himisha , Wang Yuzhuo , He Housheng Hansen
Published: January 2019

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), a lethal form of the disease, is characterized by loss of androgen receptor (AR) signaling during neuroendocrine transdifferentiation, which results in resistance to AR-targeted therapy. Clinically, genomically and epigenetically, NEPC resembles other types of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Through pan-NET analyses, we identified ONECUT2 as a candidate master transcriptional regulator of poorly differentiated NETs. ONECUT2 ectopic expression in prostate adenocarcinoma synergizes with hypoxia to suppress androgen signaling and induce neuroendocrine plasticity. ONEUCT2 drives tumor aggressiveness in NEPC, partially through regulating hypoxia signaling and tumor hypoxia. Specifically, ONECUT2 activates SMAD3, which regulates hypoxia signaling through modulating HIF1α chromatin-binding, leading NEPC to exhibit higher degrees of hypoxia compared to prostate adenocarcinomas. Treatment with hypoxia-activated prodrug TH-302 potently reduces NEPC tumor growth. Collectively, these results highlight the synergy between ONECUT2 and hypoxia in driving NEPC, and emphasize the potential of hypoxia-directed therapy for NEPC patients.
Domain insertion permissibility-guided engineering of allostery in ion channels
Authors: Coyote-Maestas Willow , He Yungui , Myers Chad L. , Schmidt Daniel
Published: January 2019

Allostery is a fundamental principle of protein regulation that remains hard to engineer, particularly in membrane proteins such as ion channels. Here we use human Inward Rectifier K+ Channel Kir2.1 to map site-specific permissibility to the insertion of domains with different biophysical properties. We find that permissibility is best explained by dynamic protein properties, such as conformational flexibility. Several regions in Kir2.1 that are equivalent to those regulated in homologs, such as G-protein-gated inward rectifier K+ channels (GIRK), have differential permissibility; that is, for these sites permissibility depends on the structural properties of the inserted domain. Our data and the well-established link between protein dynamics and allostery led us to propose that differential permissibility is a metric of latent allosteric capacity in Kir2.1. In support of this notion, inserting light-switchable domains into sites with predicted latent allosteric capacity renders Kir2.1 activity sensitive to light.
WDR76 is a RAS binding protein that functions as a tumor suppressor via RAS degradation
Authors: Jeong Woo-Jeong , Park Jong-Chan , Kim Woo-Shin , Ro Eun Ji , Jeon Soung Hoo , Lee Sang-Kyu , Park Young Nyun , Min Do Sik , Choi Kang-Yell
Published: January 2019

Stability regulation of RAS that can affect its activity, in addition to the oncogenic mutations, occurs in human cancer. However, the mechanisms for stability regulation of RAS involved in their activity and its roles in tumorigenesis are poorly explored. Here, we identify WD40-repeat protein 76 (WDR76) as one of the HRAS binding proteins using proteomic analyses of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) tissue. WDR76 plays a role as an E3 linker protein and mediates the polyubiquitination-dependent degradation of RAS. WDR76-mediated RAS destabilization results in the inhibition of proliferation, transformation, and invasion of liver cancer cells. WDR76−/− mice are more susceptible to diethylnitrosamine-induced liver carcinogenesis. Liver-specific WDR76 induction destabilizes Ras and markedly reduces tumorigenesis in HRasG12V mouse livers. The clinical relevance of RAS regulation by WDR76 is indicated by the inverse correlation of their expressions in HCC tissues. Our study demonstrates that WDR76 functions as a tumor suppressor via RAS degradation.
Retinal Microvascular Change in Hypertension as measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Lee Woo Hyuk , Park Jae-Hyeong , Won Yeokyoung , Lee Min-Woo , Shin Yong-Il , Jo Young-Joon , Kim Jung-Yeul
Published: January 2019

Many studies have reported the effect of hypertension on microcirculation of the retina. Advance of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) allows us more detailed observations of microcirculation of the retina. Therefore, we compared OCTA parameters between chronic hypertension (disease duration of at least 10 yrs; Group A, 45 eyes), relieved hypertensive retinopathy (grade IV HTNR < 1 yr prior; Group B, 40 eyes), and normal controls [Group C (50 eyes) ≥ 50 yrs old and Group D (50 eyes) < 50 yrs old]. A 3 × 3 mm macular scan was performed in each group by OCTA. In vessel density of 3 mm full, group A and B were significantly decreased compared to normal control group (Group A vs. C; 19.4 mm−1vs. 20.1 mm−1, Group B vs. D; 19.8 mm−1vs. 21.8 mm−1, all p < 0.05). In foveal avascular zone, group A and B were significantly increased compared to normal control group (Group A vs. C; 0.35 mm2vs. 0.30 mm2, Group B vs. D; 0.36 mm2vs. 0.29 mm2, all p < 0.05). OCTA is useful for examining retinal microcirculatory changes in hypertension and we confirmed that hypertension affects the OCTA parameters. Considering the effect of hypertension on the change of microvasculature, care is required in the interpretation of OCTA parameters in various ophthalmic condition.
A stimuli-responsive drug release nanoplatform for kidney-specific anti-fibrosis treatment
Authors: Tan Lishan , Lai Xuandi , Zhang Mengbi , Zeng Tao , Liu Youhua , Deng Xiulong , Qiu Minzi , Li Jiawen , Zhou Guang , Yu Meng , Geng Xinran , Hu Jianqiang , Li Aiqing
Published: January 2019

A Stimuli-responsive drug release nanoassemblies (GLAuNPs-Co) had selective kidney targeting, pH-triggered and drug-releasable abilities for renal fibrosis.
Enzyme-instructed self-assembly of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor with enhanced selectivity and anticancer efficiency
Authors: Gao Yang , Zhang Congrou , Chang Jinglin , Yang Cuihong , Liu Jianfeng , Fan Saijun , Ren Chunhua
Published: January 2019

A novel peptide-based prodrug molecule could be activated in situ via ALP catalysis and further self-assembled into a nanodrug with enhanced selectivity and anticancer efficacy.
Assessment of magnetic properties of A2B′B′′O6 double perovskites by multivariate data analysis techniques
Authors: Tiittanen Taneli , Vasala Sami , Karppinen Maarit
Published: January 2019

Multivariate data analysis is used in search of novel magnetically ordered perovskite oxides of the A2B′B′′O6 type.
MXene-supported Co3O4quantum dots for superior lithium storage and oxygen evolution activities
Authors: Wang Chuang , Zhu Xiao-Dong , Mao Ya-Chun , Wang Fang , Gao Xiao-Tian , Qiu Sheng-You , Le Shi-Ru , Sun Ke-Ning
Published: January 2019

A novel hybrid, composed of Co3O4quantum dots supported on Ti3C2Tx(MXene) nanosheets, exhibits a strong synergetic effect, and shows superior lithium storage (capacity = 766.5 mA h g−1at 2 A g−1after 400 cycles) and oxygen evolution (overpotential = 340 mV at 10 mA cm−2) activities.
Ligand-modulated ring-expansion
Authors: Carta Veronica , Soto Miguel A. , MacLachlan Mark J.
Published: January 2019

An unstrained metal-containing macrocycle was ring-expanded by a ring-opening metathesis strategy, leading to the formation of a bimetallic dimeric macrocycle. The reaction is driven by coordination of a bulky ligand, 2,6-lutidine, on the fourth coordination site of the palladium center. In the absence of metal, or with a less bulky ligand, the ring-expansion reaction does not proceed.
Innovative visualization of the effects of crystal morphology on semiconductor photocatalysts. Tuning the Hückel polarity of the shape-tailoring agents: the case of Bi2WO6
Authors: Kása Zsolt , Baia Lucian , Magyari Klára , Hernádi Klára , Pap Zsolt
Published: January 2019

Morphology was quantified for the first time; the rose-shape measured in “rosality-RSDC” was found to be directly related with the activity and structural properties.
Probing the role of dispersion energy on structural transformation of double-stranded xylo- and ribo-nucleic acids
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Patwari G. Naresh
Published: January 2019

The structural transformation of xylo nucleic acids is marginal in comparison to ribo nucleic acids with change in dispersion energy.
Elastic properties of liquid and glassy propane-based alcohols under high pressure: the increasing role of hydrogen bonds in a homologous family
Authors: Gromnitskaya E. L. , Danilov I. V. , Lyapin A. G. , Brazhkin V. V.
Published: January 2019

Elastic properties and equation of state of propane-based alcohols under pressure provide new insight into the role of hydrogen bonds in intermolecular interactions.
High proton conductivity in a nickel(ii) complex and its hybrid membrane
Authors: Yang Shuai-Liang , Yuan Yue-Ying , Ren Fei , Zhang Chen-Xi , Wang Qing-Lun
Published: January 2019

A novel 2D nickel(ii) complex (1) has been successfully synthesized using a 2,2′-bipyridyl, polycarboxylsulfonate ligand H4SBTC and Ni2+ ions. Owing to the presence of abundant water molecules, hydrogen bond networks and other protons, 1 and its hybrid membranes demonstrate high proton conductivity.
Retracted Article: Mutual effect of Cs(i) and Sr(ii) sorption on nano-talc investigated by EXAFS, modeling and theoretical calculations
Authors: Sun Yubing , Song Wencheng , Liu Yang , Hayat Tasawar , Alsaedi Ahmed , Ai Yuejie , Sharma Virender K. , Wang Xiangke
Published: January 2019

Competitive sorption of Cs(i) and Sr(ii) towards nano-talc (a representative magnesium silicate) was investigated by batch experiments, EXAFS, modeling and theoretical calculations.
Non-invasive sensing of transepithelial barrier function and tissue differentiation in organs-on-chips using impedance spectroscopy
Authors: van der Helm Marinke W. , Henry Olivier Y. F. , Bein Amir , Hamkins-Indik Tiama , Cronce Michael J. , Leineweber William D. , Odijk Mathieu , van der Meer Andries D. , Eijkel Jan C. T. , Ingber Donald E. , van den Berg Albert , Segerink Loes I.
Published: January 2019

Combining impedance spectroscopy with electrical simulation to reveal transepithelial barrier function and tissue structure of human intestinal epithelium cultured in an organ-on-chip.
An integrated droplet-digital microfluidic system for on-demand droplet creation, mixing, incubation, and sorting
Authors: Ahmadi Fatemeh , Samlali Kenza , Vo Philippe Q. N. , Shih Steve C. C.
Published: January 2019

A new microfluidic platform that integrates droplet and digital microfluidics to automate a variety of fluidic operations. The platform was applied to culturing and to selecting yeast mutant cells in ionic liquid.
A reliable procedure for the preparation of graphene-boron nitride superlattices as large area (cm × cm) films on arbitrary substrates or powders (gram scale) and unexpected electrocatalytic properties
Authors: Rendón-Patiño Alejandra , Doménech Antonio , García Hermenegildo , Primo Ana
Published: January 2019

Preparation of graphene-boron nitride superlattices, either as films or powders, from polystyrene embedded boron nitride single sheets is reported.
Highly active copper catalyst obtained through rapid MOF decomposition
Authors: Nguyen-Sorenson Anh H. T. , Anderson Clifton M. , Balijepalli Santosh K. , McDonald Kyle A. , Matzger Adam J. , Stowers Kara J.
Published: January 2019

A decomposed copper based metal–organic framework containing amorphous Cu species was found to be a highly reactive carbon supported catalyst (a-Cu@C).
Heterogeneous ZIF-L membranes with improved hydrophilicity and anti-bacterial adhesion for potential application in water treatment
Authors: Gu Qilin , Albert Ng Tze Chiang , Sun Qiaomei , Kotb Elshahawy Abdelnaby Mohamed , Lyu Zhiyang , He Zeming , Zhang Lei , Ng How Yong , Zeng Kaiyang , Wang John
Published: January 2019

Heterogeneous Zn/Co-ZIF-L membranes were prepared through the successive growth of Zn-ZIF-L and Co-ZIF-L on the macroporous ceramic supports, and the obtained heterogeneous membranes showed improved hydrophilicity and anti-bacterial adhesion.
Aggregation induced emission by pyridinium–pyridinium interactions
Authors: Leduskrasts Kaspars , Suna Edgars
Published: January 2019

Non-covalent intermolecular pyridinium–pyridinium and pyridinium–arene-π system interactions result in aggregation induced emission (AIE).
Experiment and simulation on Zr2Fe bed for tritium capturing
Authors: Jiangfeng Song , Jingchuan Wang , Fei Jiang , Peilong Li , Zhenghe Zhu , Daqiao Meng
Published: January 2019

Zr2Fe flow bed is utilized to study capture of hydrogen isotopes from inert gas carrier by experiment and numerical simulation.
A FRET based ratiometric fluorescent probe for detection of sulfite in food
Authors: Zhang Gongxiao , Ji Ruixue , Kong Xiangyu , Ning Fujiao , Liu Aikun , Cui Jichun , Ge Yanqing
Published: January 2019

A new fluorophore pyrido[1,2-a]benzimidazole based ratiometric fluorescent probe for the selective detection of sulfite ions in water was investigated.
Ultrathin flexible graphene films with high thermal conductivity and excellent EMI shielding performance using large-sized graphene oxide flakes
Authors: Lin Shaofeng , Ju Su , Zhang Jianwei , Shi Gang , He Yonglyu , Jiang Dazhi
Published: January 2019

As the demand for wearable and foldable electronic devices increases rapidly, ultrathin and flexible thermal conducting films with exceptional electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) are greatly needed.
Morphology-controlled synthesis of CoMoO4 nanoarchitectures anchored on carbon cloth for high-efficiency oxygen oxidation reaction
Authors: Wang Feifei , Zhao Juan , Tian Wen , Hu Zhufeng , Lv Xingbin , Zhang Hualian , Yue Hairong , Zhang Yuxin , Ji Junyi , Jiang Wei
Published: January 2019

Novel CoMoO4 nanoarrays with different morphologies are anchored on a carbon cloth via a simple hydrothermal method by adjusting the Co/Mo atom ratio.
Computer simulation study on the self-assembly of tethered nanoparticles with tunable shapes
Authors: Lu Sheng-Fang , Li Bing-Yu , Li Yan-Chun , Lu Zhong-Yuan
Published: January 2019

The self-assembled structures are characterized by the packing of nanoparticles on the micelle surface, and the typical packing mode turns from rectangular (typical for cubes) to hexagonal (typical for spheres).
Differences between the binding modes of enantiomers S/R-nicotine to acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Yang Ji , Chen Yongkuan , Liu Zhihua , Yang Liu , Tang Jianguo , Miao Mingming , Gan Na , Li Hui
Published: January 2019

Study on the binding modes of AChE to S/R-nicotine.
Solvent- and transition metal-free amide synthesis from phenyl esters and aryl amines
Authors: Rzhevskiy Sergey A. , Ageshina Alexandra A. , Chesnokov Gleb A. , Gribanov Pavel S. , Topchiy Maxim A. , Nechaev Mikhail S. , Asachenko Andrey F.
Published: January 2019

A new environmentally friendly approach to transition metal- and solvent-free amide synthesis from aryl esters and aryl amines is described.
Dual-biomarker-triggered fluorescence probes for differentiating cancer cells and revealing synergistic antioxidant effects under oxidative stress
Authors: Zhang Changyu , Zhang Qiang-Zhe , Zhang Kun , Li Lu-Yuan , Pluth Michael D. , Yi Long , Xi Zhen
Published: January 2019

Dual-biomarker-triggered fluorescent probes were developed for simultaneous detection of the two biomarkers H2S and hNQO1 in cancer cells.
Local mechanical description of an elastic fold
Authors: Jules T. , Lechenault F. , Adda-Bedia M.
Published: January 2019

To go beyond the simple model for the fold as two flexible surfaces or faces linked by a crease that behaves as an elastic hinge, we carefully shape and anneal a crease within a polymer sheet and study its mechanical response.
An experimental rheological phase diagram of a tri-block co-polymer in water validated against dissipative particle dynamics simulations
Authors: Pasquino Rossana , Droghetti Hermes , Carbone Paola , Mirzaagha Shadi , Grizzuti Nino , Marchisio Daniele
Published: January 2019

A rheological phase diagram of aqueous solutions based on Pluronic L64 was experimentally evaluated and validated via DPD simulations.
Polymers on nanoparticles: structure & dynamics
Authors: Hore Michael J. A.
Published: January 2019

Grafting polymers to nanoparticle surfaces influences properties from the conformation of the polymer chains to the dispersion and assembly of nanoparticles within a polymeric material.
Manganese cluster-based MOF as efficient polysulfide-trapping platform for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Liu Xiao-Fei , Guo Xiao-Qing , Wang Rui , Liu Qing-Chao , Li Zhong-Jun , Zang Shuang-Quan , Mak Thomas C. W.
Published: January 2019

Manganese cluster-based MOF with abundant OMSs was utilized as the cathode of Li–S battery for the first time.
Boosting electrochemical water splitting via ternary NiMoCo hybrid nanowire arrays
Authors: Hu Kailong , Wu Mingxing , Hinokuma Satoshi , Ohto Tatsuhiko , Wakisaka Mitsuru , Fujita Jun-ichi , Ito Yoshikazu
Published: January 2019

Ternary NiMoCo hybrid nanowire arrays with modulated electronic states and intermediate adsorption energies as efficient water splitting catalysts.
A new 2D high-pressure phase of PdSe2 with high-mobility transport anisotropy for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Lei Wen , Zhang Shengli , Heymann Gunter , Tang Xin , Wen Jianfeng , Zheng Xiaojun , Hu Guanghui , Ming Xing
Published: January 2019

High-pressure is utilized to realize new 2D layered structures in PdSe2 with high-mobility transport anisotropy for photovoltaic applications.
Correction: Low temperature, rapid and controllable growth of highly crystalline ZnO nanostructures via a diluent hydrolytic process and its application to transparent super-wetting films
Authors: Wang Huijie , Yu Jing , Liu Huan , Xu Xiaoliang
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘Low temperature, rapid and controllable growth of highly crystalline ZnO nanostructures via a diluent hydrolytic process and its application to transparent super-wetting films’ by Huijie Wang et al., CrystEngComm, 2018, 20, 7602–7609.
Correction: 3T1R model and tuning of thermoluminescence intensity by optimization of dopant concentration in monoclinic Gd2O3:Er3+;Yb3+ co-doped phosphor
Authors: Tamrakar Raunak Kumar , Upadhyay Kanchan , Bisen D. P.
Published: January 2019

Correction for ‘3T1R model and tuning of thermoluminescence intensity by optimization of dopant concentration in monoclinic Gd2O3:Er3+;Yb3+ co-doped phosphor’ by Raunak Kumar Tamrakar et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 14680–14694.
High intensity exercise inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I sensitivity to l-carnitine
Authors: Petrick Heather L. , Holloway Graham P.
Published: January 2019

The decline in fat oxidation at higher power outputs of exercise is a complex interaction between several mechanisms; however, the influence of mitochondrial bioenergetics in this process remains elusive. Therefore, using permeabilized muscle fibers from mouse skeletal muscle, we aimed to determine if acute exercise altered mitochondrial sensitivity to (1) adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi), or (2) carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) independent (palmitoylcarnitine, PC) and dependent [palmitoyl-CoA (P-CoA), malonyl-CoA (M-CoA), and l-carnitine] substrates, in an intensity-dependent manner. As the apparent ADP Km increased to a similar extent following low (LI) and high (HI) intensity exercise compared with sedentary (SED) animals, and Pi sensitivity was unaltered by exercise, regulation of phosphate provision likely does not contribute to the well-established intensity-dependent shift in substrate utilization. Mitochondrial sensitivity to PC and P-CoA was not influenced by exercise, while M-CoA sensitivity was attenuated similarly following LI and HI. In contrast, CPT-I sensitivity to l-carnitine was only altered following HI, as HI exercise attenuated l-carnitine sensitivity by ∼40%. Moreover, modeling the in vivo concentrations of l-carnitine and P-CoA during exercise suggests that CPT-I flux is ∼25% lower following HI, attributed equally to reductions in l-carnitine content and l-carnitine sensitivity. Altogether, these data further implicate CPT-I flux as a key event influencing metabolic interactions during exercise, as a decline in l-carnitine sensitivity in addition to availability at higher power outputs could impair mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation.
Clinical Quality Improvement and Quality Improvement Research
Authors: Mormer Elaine , Stevans Joel
Published: January 2019

Purpose

This article is intended to serve as a tutorial for speech-language pathology and audiology clinicians and researchers interested in pursuing quality improvement (QI) practice and research.

Method

Through a number of library database searches, author expertise, and first-hand experiences, we compiled this reference covering the history and landscape of clinical QI practice and QI research. We have included and explained definitions of QI activities and provided an overview of models and methods utilized in the implementation of QI programs. Drawing from scholarly literature on the QI process, we have included tools that should be useful for those clinicians and researchers pursuing QI projects. This article includes some examples of QI projects specific to speech-language pathology and audiology. One highlighted example examined a hospital process of identifying newly admitted patients at risk for communication breakdowns during patient–provider information exchange. Benefits and opportunities associated with QI activities are addressed, as well as barriers and facilitators.

Conclusion

QI practices and QI research are well within the scope of activities in which speech-language pathologists and audiologists should be engaged. QI is now recognized as a legitimate source of new knowledge and a direct route to improving outcomes and delivery of patient care across clinical settings.
Research–Practice Partnership: Application to Implementation of Multitiered System of Supports in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Goldstein Howard , McKenna Meaghan , Barker Robert M. , Brown Tracye H.
Published: January 2019

Purpose

Research–practice partnerships (RPPs) offer a tool for identifying, generating, and implementing evidence-based strategies that improve practice, policies, and client outcomes. We offer a description of RPPs and elements that facilitate successful utilization. The origin of RPPs, various approaches, and anticipated barriers are discussed. We illustrate some of the challenges and rewards of establishing an RPP using an example of a project that sought to implement a multitiered system of supports among a variety of early childhood education classrooms in a large urban school district.

Method

A planning/leadership team established objectives and used surveys, focus groups, classroom observations, professional development records, and student outcome data to inform decision making.

Results

The district's progress in implementing multitiered system of supports in early childhood and ways in which implementation plans were modified as a result of data-based decision making are described. A number of unexpected obstacles interfered with original plans, requiring significant revisions in our theory of change and new strategies to overcome challenges.

Conclusion

This illustration helps elucidate critical elements of RPPs and highlights their applicability to researchers and practitioners in communication sciences and disorders.
Vibration source classification and propagation distance estimation system based on spectrogram and KELM
Authors: Chen Zhiyong , Cao Jiuwen , Lin Dongyun , Wang Jianzhong , Huang Xuegang
Published: January 2019

Earth surface vibration signals source classification and propagation distance estimation attract increasing attention in recent years due to the wide applications in many areas. In this study, the authors develop a hybrid classification and propagation distance estimation algorithm for general earth surface vibration sources. The spectrogram (SPEC) feature characterising the energy distribution of vibrations is first developed for signal representation in this study. The kernel‐based extreme learning machine (KELM) algorithm is then adopted for the vibration source classification and propagation distance estimation. Comparing with the conventional approaches, the proposed KELM + SPEC algorithm is not only effective in characterising the time‐ and frequency‐domain features of vibrations, but also superior in accuracy and efficiency. To test the effectiveness of the proposed KELM + SPEC algorithm, experiments on real collected vibration signals are presented, where simulations on both periodic and aperiodic vibrations are carried out in the study. Comparisons to various existing vibration signal extraction and classification algorithms are provided to show the advantages of the proposed KELM + SPEC algorithm.
A search for accreting young companions embedded in circumstellar disks
Authors: Cugno G. , Quanz S. P. , Hunziker S. , Stolker T. , Schmid H. M. , Avenhaus H. , Baudoz P. , Bohn A. J. , Bonnefoy M. , Buenzli E. , Chauvin G. , Cheetham A. , Desidera S. , Dominik C. , Feautrier P. , Feldt M. , Ginski C. , Girard J. H. , Gratton R. , Hagelberg J. , Hugot E. , Janson M. , Lagrange A.-M. , Langlois M. , Magnard Y. , Maire A.-L. , Menard F. , Meyer M. , Milli J. , Mordasini C. , Pinte C. , Pragt J. , Roelfsema R. , Rigal F. , Szulágyi J. , van Boekel R. , van der Plas G. , Vigan A. , Wahhaj Z. , Zurlo A.
Published: January 2019

Context. In recent years, our understanding of giant planet formation progressed substantially. There have even been detections of a few young protoplanet candidates still embedded in the circumstellar disks of their host stars. The exact physics that describes the accretion of material from the circumstellar disk onto the suspected circumplanetary disk and eventually onto the young, forming planet is still an open question.

Aims. We seek to detect and quantify observables related to accretion processes occurring locally in circumstellar disks, which could be attributed to young forming planets. We focus on objects known to host protoplanet candidates and/or disk structures thought to be the result of interactions with planets.

Methods. We analyzed observations of six young stars (age 3.5–10 Myr) and their surrounding environments with the SPHERE/ZIMPOL instrument on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in the Hα filter (656 nm) and a nearby continuum filter (644.9 nm). We applied several point spread function (PSF) subtraction techniques to reach the highest possible contrast near the primary star, specifically investigating regions where forming companions were claimed or have been suggested based on observed disk morphology.

Results. We redetect the known accreting M-star companion HD142527 B with the highest published signal to noise to date in both Hα and the continuum. We derive new astrometry (r=62.8−2.7+2.1 mas and PA=(98.7±1.8)°) and photometry (ΔN_Ha = 6.3−0.3+0.2 mag, ΔB_Ha = 6.7 ± 0.2 mag and ΔCnt_Ha = 7.3−0.2+0.3 mag) for the companion in agreement with previous studies, and estimate its mass accretion rate (Ṁ ≈ 1−2 × 10−10 M⊙yr−1). A faint point-like source around HD135344 B (SAO206462) is also investigated, but a second deeper observation is required to reveal its nature. No other companions are detected. In the framework of our assumptions we estimate detection limits at the locations of companion candidates around HD100546, HD169142, and MWC 758 and calculate that processes involving Hα fluxes larger than ~ 8 × 10−14–10−15 erg s−1 cm−2 (Ṁ > 10−10−10−12 M⊙yr−1) can be excluded. Furthermore, flux upper limits of ~10−14−10−15 erg s−1 cm−2 (Ṁ < 10−11–10−12 M⊙yr−1) are estimated within the gaps identified in the disks surrounding HD135344 B and TW Hya. The derived luminosity limits exclude Hα signatures at levels similar to those previously detected for the accreting planet candidate LkCa15 b.
Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko rotation changes derived from sublimation-induced torques
Authors: Kramer T. , Läuter M. , Hviid S. , Jorda L. , Keller H. U. , Kührt E.
Published: January 2019

Context.The change in rotation period and the orientation of the rotation axis of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) can be deduced with high precision from images taken by the scientific imaging instruments on board the Rosetta mission. Non-gravitational forces are a natural explanation for these data.

Aims.We describe observed changes in orientation of the rotation axis and the rotation period of 67P. We explain them based on a sublimation model with a best fit for the surface active fraction (model P). Torque effects of periodically changing gas emissions on the surface are considered.

Methods.We solved the equation of state for the angular momentum in the inertial and the body-fixed frames and provide an analytic theory of the rotation changes in terms of Fourier coefficients, which are generally applicable to periodically forced rigid-body dynamics.

Results.The torque-induced changes in rotation state constrain the physical properties of the surface, the sublimation rate, and the local active fraction of the surface.

Conclusions.We determine a distribution of the local surface active fraction in agreement with the rotation properties, period, and orientation of 67P. The torque movement confirms that the sublimation increases faster than the insolation toward perihelion. The derived relatively uniform activity pattern is discussed in terms of related surface features.
Exponential growth of branching processes in a general context of lifetimes and birthtimes dependence
Authors: Hervé Loïc , Louhichi Sana , Pène Françoise
Published: January 2019

We study the exponential growth of branching processes with ancestral dependence. We suppose here that the lifetimes of the cells are dependent random variables, that the numbers of new cells are random and dependent. Lifetimes and new cells’s numbers are also assumed to be dependent. Applying the spectral study of Laplace-type operators recently made in Hervé et al. [ESAIM: PS 23 (2019) 607–637], we illustrate our results in the Markov context, for which the exponential growth property is linked to the Laplace transform of the lifetimes of the cells.
Wald Statistics in high-dimensional PCA
Authors: Löffler Matthias
Published: January 2019

In this study, we consider PCA for Gaussian observations X1, …, Xn with covariance Σ = ∑iλiPi in the ’effective rank’ setting with model complexity governed by r(Σ) ≔ tr(Σ)∕∥Σ∥. We prove a Berry-Essen type bound for a Wald Statistic of the spectral projector $\hat P_r$. This can be used to construct non-asymptotic goodness of fit tests and confidence ellipsoids for spectral projectors Pr. Using higher order pertubation theory we are able to show that our Theorem remains valid even when $\mathbf{r}(\Sigma) \gg \sqrt{n}$.
Future scenarios of global plastic waste generation and disposal
Authors: Lebreton Laurent , Andrady Anthony
Published: January 2019

The accumulation of mismanaged plastic waste (MPW) in the environment is a global growing concern. Knowing with precision where litter is generated is important to target priority areas for the implementation of mitigation policies. In this study, using country-level data on waste management combined with high-resolution distributions and long-term projections of population and the gross domestic product (GDP), we present projections of global MPW generation at ~1 km resolution from now to 2060. We estimated between 60 and 99 million metric tonnes (Mt) of MPW were produced globally in 2015. In a business-as-usual scenario, this figure could triple to 155–265 Mt y−1 by 2060. The future MPW load will continue to be disproportionately high in African and Asian continents even in the future years. However, we show that this growth in plastic waste can be reduced if developing economies significantly invest in waste management infrastructures as their GDP grows in the future and if efforts are made internationally to reduce the fraction of plastic in municipal solid waste. Using our projections, we also demonstrate that the majority of MPW (91%) are transported via watersheds larger than 100 km2 suggesting that rivers are major pathways for plastic litter to the ocean.
In-plane-gate flexible single-crystalline silicon thin-film transistors with high-k gate dielectrics on plastic substrates
Authors: Zhang Yibo , Yu Shihui , Lan Kuibo , Li Lingxia , Qin Guoxuan
Published: January 2019

Flexible single-crystalline silicon in-plane-gate thin-film transistors (TFTs) with high-k gate dielectrics on plastic substrates have been demonstrated in this letter. The high-k Nb2O5-Bi2O3-MgO (BMN) ceramic has been deposited as gate dielectric layer by magnetron sputtering at room temperature. ∼200 nm Si nanomembrane as the device active layer has been transferred onto the flexible substrates. An in-plane-gate structure has been employed for the flexible TFTs, to achieve high control ability and low leakage current. The flexible TFT demonstrates ∼106 on/off ratio, ∼230 cm2v-1s-1 electron field effect mobility, and only ∼nA leakage current. The capacitances of the in-plane-gate structure are measured and analyzed to better understand the channel control mechanism of the flexible TFTs with high-k gate dielectrics. Mechanical bending tests have been conducted and the underlying mechanism for the device performance variations has been discussed. The flexible TFTs show great potential for the applications in high performance, large area and high integrated flexible circuits.
Microstructure and plasmonic behavior of self-assembled silver nanoparticles and nanorings
Authors: Chronis A. G. , Stamatelatos A. , Grammatikopoulos S. , Sigalas M. M. , Karoutsos V. , Maratos D. M. , Lysandrou S. P. , Trachylis D. , Politis C. , Poulopoulos P.
Published: January 2019

Self-assembled nanoparticles were formed after annealing ultrathin Ag films, which were grown on glass and quartz by direct current magnetron sputtering, in a furnace in air at 420 °C, 500 °C, or 600 °C. Intense localized surface plasmon resonances were observed for these samples in the entire range of visible light spectrum depending on the annealing time and nanoparticle size. Prolonged annealing resulted in the formation of nanorings and the change of the position and shape of resonances. The nanoring formation is attributed to partial evaporation of silver due to trapping of electromagnetic field by the larger nanoparticles despite the relatively low annealing temperature. Finally, in order to gain a further physical insight, the experimental results are compared with respect to rigorous theoretical calculations.
Grand canonical simulations of electrochemical interfaces in implicit solvation models
Authors: Hörmann Nicolas G. , Andreussi Oliviero , Marzari Nicola
Published: January 2019

We discuss grand canonical simulations based on density-functional theory to study the thermodynamic properties of electrochemical interfaces of metallic electrodes in aqueous environments. Water is represented using implicit solvation, here via the self-consistent continuum solvation (SCCS) model, providing a charge-density dependent dielectric boundary. The electrochemical double layer is accounted for in terms of a phenomenological continuum description. It is shown that the experimental potentials of zero charge and interfacial capacitances can be reproduced for an optimized SCCS parameter set [ρmin = 0.0013, ρmax = 0.010 25]. By performing a detailed derivation and analysis of the interface energetics for selected electrochemical systems, we are able to relate the widely used approach of the computational hydrogen electrode (CHE) to a general grand canonical description of electrified interfaces. In particular, charge-neutral CHE results are shown to be an upper-boundary estimate for the grand canonical interfacial free energies. In order to demonstrate the differences between the CHE and full grand canonical calculations, we study the pristine (100), (110), and (111) surfaces for Pt, Au, Cu, and Ag, and H or Cl electrosorbed on Pt. The calculations support the known surface reconstructions in the aqueous solution for Pt and Au. Furthermore, the predicted potential-pH dependence of proton coverage, surface charge, and interfacial pseudocapacitance for Pt is found to be in close agreement with experimental or other theoretical data as well as the predicted equilibrium shapes for Pt nanoparticles. Finally, Cl is found to interact more strongly than H with the interfacial fields, leading to significantly altered interface energetics and structure upon explicit application of an electrode potential. This work underscores the strengths and eventual limits of the CHE approach and might guide further understanding of the thermodynamics of electrified interfaces.
Effect of spatial hole burning on output characteristics of high power edge emitting semiconductor lasers: A universal analytical estimate and numerical analysis
Authors: Avrutin Eugene A. , Ryvkin Boris S.
Published: January 2019

The effect of longitudinal spatial hole burning on the performance of a semiconductor laser with a strongly asymmetric resonator is investigated numerically. The effects of spatial hole burning on, firstly, the non-stimulated recombination in the laser (quantified as an increased effective threshold current) and, secondly, the output efficiency are calculated and compared, and the latter is shown to dominate at high currents. It is shown that the output efficiency at high pumping levels in the presence of the spatial hole burning effect can be estimated using the standard expression as the ratio of output loss to total loss, but with the internal loss enhanced by a factor greater than one and independent on the injection level. A simple universal expression for this factor for a highly asymmetric cavity, as a function of the output mirror reflectance, is obtained and compared to numerical results, with good agreement.
Molecular dynamics studies on the interface evolution characteristics and deformation mechanisms of Cu/Al multilayers during compression process
Authors: Yin Fuxing , Zhao Yizhe , Yu Siyuan , Pang Weiwei
Published: January 2019

The interface evolution characteristics and deformation mechanisms of Cu/Al multilayers are investigated via systematic molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that both the yield strength and ductility increase slightly with increasing strain rate, and the stress-strain curves exhibit two main yield points for all strain rate loadings. The first yield point correlates with the decomposition of perfect misfit dislocations on the interface and the propagation of partial dislocations inside the Al layer, and the second yield point relates with the dislocation transmission from the Al layer into the Cu layer. The lower the loading strain rate, the more severe the fluctuations on the stress-strain curve. However, the strain rates do not change the evolution way of dislocation networks. The calculated evolution curves of dislocation numbers indicate that the dislocation density inside the Cu layer is lower than that inside the Al layer. The interface region displays a serrated structure without voids or cracks, and the higher the loading strain rate, the more serious the interface roughening deformation. The main deformation mechanisms, respectively, are the formation of a lamellar twin structure in the Cu layer and dislocation slip in the Al layer, and the interface roughening is mainly dominated by the formation of a lamellar twin structure. Furthermore, the deformation mechanisms do not depend on the strain rate applied in this paper. In addition, we also discuss the growth curve of interface thickness which is divided into three stages.
The vacuum UV photoabsorption spectroscopy of the cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (1,2-ClHC=CHCl) in the 5-20 eV range. An experimental and theoretical investigation
Authors: Locht R. , Dehareng D. , Leyh B.
Published: January 2019

The photoabsorption spectrum of cis-1,2-C2H2Cl2 has been examined in detail in the vacuum UV range between 5 eV and 20 eV photon energy by using synchrotron radiation. Quantum chemical calculations are proposed and applied to the electronic transitions and to the vibrational structures belonging to these transitions. The broad band observed at 6.568 eV includes the X̃1A1→11B1, 31B2 and 21B1 transitions. The two latter excitations correspond to the valence 2b1(π)→π* and to the Rydberg 2b1(π)→3s transitions. The former excitation is described by a more complex 2b1(π)→nCl +σ*CH/Rpσ transition where valence and Rydberg characters are strongly mixed. For these transitions short vibrational progressions are observed, analyzed and tentatively assigned. The abundant structure observed between 7.0 eV and 10.0 eV has been analyzed in terms of vibronic transitions to one ns- (δ¯ = 0.960), two np- (δ¯ = 0.525 and 0.337), and two nd-type (δ¯ = 0.080 and 0.002) Rydberg series, all converging to the X̃2B1 ionic ground state. The vibrational structure analysis of the Rydberg states leads to the following average wave numbers: ω2 ≈ 1420 cm-1 (C=C stretching), ω3 ≈ 1190 cm-1 (symmetric C-H bending), ω4 ≈ 800 cm-1 (symmetric C-Cl stretching) and ω5 ≈ 190 cm-1 (symmetric C-Cl bending). These numbers are compared to previously reported values. Many other transitions are observed between 10 eV and 20 eV and are assigned to transitions to Rydberg states converging to the successive excited states of cis-1,2-C2H2Cl2+. For several of these Rydberg states, a vibrational structure is also observed and interpreted.
Cathodoluminescence of aluminum ceramic compounds
Authors: Demol Guillaume , Paulmier Thierry , Payan Denis
Published: January 2019

We compare in this study the differences in cathodoluminescence spectra of aluminum-based materials. AlN and Al2O3 materials respond differently when subjected to 10 keV charging electron beam. In order to understand the underlying physics, we carried out a parametric study (annealing treatment, temperature, radiation dose, and supplier). Tests have been performed at temperatures ranging from about 150 K to 300 K, with a monoenergetic electron beam at 10 keV, and electron flux density equal to 1 μA cm−2. Cathodoluminescence intensity is shown to be highly dependent on temperature, synthesis conditions, thermal annealing treatments, dose, and dose rate. The air-annealing treatment at high temperature increases considerably the concentration of surface defects. We have also been able to demonstrate a significant evolution of cathodoluminescence spectra with the injected radiation dose. These different evolutions have been analyzed in regard to material structure and composition.
Active escape dynamics: The effect of persistence on barrier crossing
Authors: Caprini Lorenzo , Marini Bettolo Marconi Umberto , Puglisi Andrea , Vulpiani Angelo
Published: January 2019

We study a system of non-interacting active particles, propelled by colored noises, characterized by an activity time τ, and confined by a double-well potential. A straightforward application of this system is the problem of barrier crossing of active particles, which has been studied only in the limit of small activity. When τ is sufficiently large, equilibrium-like approximations break down in the barrier crossing region. In the model under investigation, it emerges as a sort of “negative temperature” region, and numerical simulations confirm the presence of non-convex local velocity distributions. We propose, in the limit of large τ, approximate equations for the typical trajectories which successfully predict many aspects of the numerical results. The local breakdown of detailed balance and its relation with a recent definition of non-equilibrium heat exchange is also discussed.
High Rac1 activity is functionally translated into cytosolic structures with unique nanoscale cytoskeletal architecture
Authors: Marston Daniel J. , Anderson Karen L. , Swift Mark F. , Rougie Marie , Page Christopher , Hahn Klaus M. , Volkmann Niels , Hanein Dorit
Published: January 2019

Significance

We have correlated signaling behaviors seen with biosensors (conformational changes of Rac1) with the nanoscale resolution of electron cryotomography. The workflow and approaches we describe bridge five orders of magnitude (tens of microns to nanometers) to identify, in the crowded environment within eukaryotic cells, distinct nanoarchitectures induced locally by Rac1 as it mediates cell motility, mechanosensing, and invasion. Our studies reveal a dynamic switching mechanism that generates a nanoscaffold system that can either propagate to highly complex actin filament architectures mandated by biological processes or completely dissipate. The workflow implemented here offers a powerful analytical tool not only for deciphering the function of Rho GTPase molecular switches but for the dynamics of many other macromolecular machines as well.