bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROCALCITONINA COMO HERRAMIENTA PARA EL MANEJO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS EN PACIENTES CON COVID-19
Authors: Lenardt Maria Helena , Cechinel Clovis , Rodrigues João Alberto Martins , Binotto Maria Angélica , Zanata Isabel de Lima , Kraus Rosane , Marques Daiane Maria da Silva
Published: June 2023

RESUMEN Objetivo: investigar la relación de la procalcitonina en el diagnóstico diferencial de coinfección bacteriana en pacientes con COVID-19. Método: estudio transversal y retrospectivo realizado entre febrero y marzo de 2021 en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital público del sur de Brasil, por medio de un formulario. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos y de asociación entre variables. Resultados: de los 231 pacientes, el 28,14% presentó infección (el 63,20% en los pulmones), en el 25% se aislaron las bacterias, el 77,49% utilizó antimicrobianos y en el 14,72% de los casos se empleó procalcitonina > 2 ng/mL. Hubo una significativa asociación entre uso de antimicrobianos e infección (p=0,001), aislamiento de bacterias (p<0,001), topografía de la infección (p<0,001) y valores de procalcitonina (p<0,001). La utilización de procalcitonina demostró estar asociada con infección bacteriana (p<0,001), aislamiento de bacterias (p<0,001), uso de antimicrobianos (p=0,001) y fallecimiento (p<0,001). Conclusión: la procalcitonina puede reducir el uso empírico de antimicrobianos y estimular la detección e identificación de patógenos, considerando los datos clínicos y empíricos.
ESTIMACIÓN DEL COSTE MENSUAL DE INSTALACIÓN Y FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UNA SALA DE TELECONSULTAS
Authors: Delphino Tallita Mello , Santana Rosimere Ferreira , Rodrigues Julianna Nogueira , Cassiano Keila Mara
Published: June 2023

RESUMEN Objetivo: estimar los costes mensuales de instalación y funcionamiento de una sala de teleconsulta. Método: estudio descriptivo, realizado mediante encuesta de costos directos e indirectos para el montaje y funcionamiento mensual de una sala de teleconsulta en Niterói - RJ - BR. El análisis de los datos se basó en: discriminación del tipo y cantidad de equipos necesarios para el montaje de la sala; y en presupuestos obtenidos mediante investigación en licitaciones públicas y tiendas comerciales. Para estimar el costo de funcionamiento, se consideraron: consumo mensual de energía eléctrica; costo con red telefónica, materiales e insumos; y con enfermeros. Resultados: El coste mínimo de instalación de la sala fue de R$ 14.904,17. El coste medio mensual para 30 horas semanales con tres enfermeros fue de R$ 14.706,95. Conclusión: se cree que la teleconsulta puede mejorar el acceso a la atención sanitaria, la calidad de ésta y reducir los costes relacionados con el sistema sanitario.
Locura sin Estado: prácticas de apoyo mutuo y activismo comunitario en salud mental de la organización “Autogestión Libre-mente”
Authors: Madrid Juan Carlos Cea
Published: June 2023

Resumen El presente texto se aproxima a la invención de otros modos de bienestar y cuidado en torno a necesidades no cubiertas por el sistema de salud mental. A través de una aproximación etnográfica, se estudian las prácticas de activismo comunitario y apoyo mutuo del colectivo “Autogestión Libre-mente”, agrupación de Santiago de Chile que realiza reuniones semanales bajo los principios de la asociación voluntaria y la ayuda entre pares. Los valores de horizontalidad y reciprocidad como ejes del trabajo compartido implican un fuerte contenido político y un sentido “terapéutico”, sin que éste último sea la finalidad explícita de las actividades que organizan. En torno a esta experiencia se reflexiona sobre las implicancias de la metodología asamblearia y la democracia deliberativa en la configuración de nuevas formas de salud mental desde la comunidad en el escenario contemporáneo.
Causos e notas sobre uma trágica micropromoção da saúde
Authors: Bilibio Luiz Fernando Silva
Published: June 2023

Este escrito se vale de modos de pensar presentes na filosofia de Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) para explorar alguns sentidos trágicos que compõem formulações denominadas de “promoção da saúde”, entre eles, a extravagante noção de qualidade de vida. Por meio de causos do trabalho em saúde, oferta falsos fragmentos de reais encontros de cuidado para anunciar uma trágica micropromoção da saúde como conceito-ferramenta para pensar a relação entre controle e risco, entre proteção e êxtase na produção da saúde. Por fim, a perspectiva da redução de danos é visualizada como possibilidade clínico-política para habitar e suportar criativamente o horror trágico da nossa condição humana em sua face sanitária.
¿De qué “promoción de la salud” estamos hablando? una crítica marxista para reorientación hacia un horizonte estratégico
Authors: Carnut Leonardo , Mendes Áquilas , Guerra Lúcia Dias da Silva
Published: June 2023

Se discute sobre como la promoción de la salud, reducida a una “pequeña política”, vino de la intensa agenda reformista provista por los gobiernos progressistas en Brasil (2003-2016) para ratificar la socialdemocracia como un método de domar el conflicto capital-trabajo. Para esto una exposión argumentativa bajo el método materialista histórico-dialéctico fue hecha en cuatro temas esenciales. El primero, sobre el “acortamiento” de la idea de promoción de la salud. El segundo, sobre la “Nueva Promoción de la Salud” y sus propósitos en nuevo patrón de acumulación capitalista. El terceiro, sobre la hegemonía de la “pequeña política” y el lugar de la promoción de la salud en el período del progresismo brasileño. El cuarto, sobre la socialdemocracia y su manera de domesticar conceptos radicales. Finalmente, se hacen consideraciones sobre los caminos que el debate promocional debe seguir para retomar su radicalidad.
“Grupo de hombres” como dispositivo de promoción de la salud: experiencias singulares en prácticas de cuidado
Authors: Bagrichevsky Marcos , Roberto Moisés da Silva , Cacciari Maria , Meireles Analice Alcantara
Published: June 2023

El “Grupo de Hombres” es un espacio de promoción de la salud desarrollado en una UBS brasileña. El estudio buscó identificar y comprender el contexto de la producción de las prácticas de cuidado y la participación de los hombres-usuarios en el Grupo, a través de la etnografía. Después de sistematizar y analizar los datos empíricos, surgieron dos categorías temáticas: espacio de comunicación (una apertura al “intercambio de experiencias” que no se reducía a la conversación centrada en patologías) y; desarrollo del vínculo (relación entre los usuarios y equipo de salud: proximidad y libertad para manifestarse, señalando las ventajas del vínculo para el cuidado). Los resultados indicaron que la potencia del “Grupo de Hombres” residía en la inversión en procesos de trabajo involucrados con estrategias colectivas de cuidado, ‘encuentros’ que favorecían la acogida, la escucha cualificada y el vínculo.
Stories and notes about a tragicmicro-promotion of health
Authors: Bilibio Luiz Fernando Silva
Published: June 2023

This text uses ways of thinking present in the philosophy of Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844-1900) to explore some tragic meanings that compose formulations denominated health promotion, including the extravagant notion of quality of life. Through health work stories, it offers false fragments of real encounters of care to announce a tragic micro-promotion of health as a tool-concept to think about the relationship between control and risk, between protection and ecstasy in health production. Lastly, the perspective of damage reduction is viewed as a clinical-political possibility to inhabit and creatively tolerate the tragic horror of our human condition in its sanitary face.
Mulheres eleitas e capital político familiar na Câmara dos Deputados: uma análise da 56ª legislatura (2019-2023)
Authors: Silva Mayra Goulart da , Chaves Vanilda , Barbosa Laura
Published: June 2023

Resumo O artigo se insere no rol dos estudos sobre representação política de mulheres e analisa a presença de capital político familiar entre as deputadas federais eleitas para a Câmara dos Deputados no período que compreende a 56ª Legislatura (2019-2023). Inicialmente, as parlamentares foram posicionadas à esquerda, ao centro e à direita, de acordo com suas respectivas ideologias político-partidárias, mensuradas a partir de distintas metodologias. Em seguida, por meio das variáveis “raça/cor”, “escolaridade”, “estado civil”, “presença de filhos” e “estreantes na política”, traçou-se o perfil das eleitas, caracterizado por uma bancada feminina majoritariamente posicionada à direita, branca, altamente escolarizada, casada, com filhos e veterana na política. Por fim, a partir da variável “capital familiar”, constatou-se que o capital político de tipo familiar é um recurso que está presente na trajetória política das deputadas federais estudadas, sobretudo naquelas posicionadas à direita, embora também se mostre relevante para aquelas à esquerda.
Partidos brasileiros do século XXI: comparação entre as duas primeiras eleições dos partidos brasileiros criados entre 2000 -2014
Authors: Souza Renan Arnon de , Leandro Breno Pacheco , Kauchakje Samira
Published: June 2023

Resumo Que fatores concorrem para a diferença de desempenho eleitoral entre o primeiro pleito vencedor de um partido e a eleição seguinte? Usamos os achados de Bolleyer e Bytzek (2015), sobre organizações partidárias de 17 democracias parlamentaristas, como hipóteses testadas para o caso de partidos brasileiros criados a partir de 2000. Os resultados da análise de correlação e do teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney foram que o tempo entre a criação do partido e sua primeira vitória no Legislativo não é correlacionado; e que não são significativas as diferenças entre os partidos de diferentes ideologias, que integraram ou não gabinete presidencial, ou que tiveram troca de liderança. Alguns destes achados destoam daqueles obtidos para os outros países. A explicação institucional pode ser a facilidade para a criação de partidos e, até 2016, as coligações em eleições proporcionais aliadas a inexistência de cláusula de desempenho partidário.
Violência e legitimidade democrática: um balanço da literatura sobre o contexto latino-americano
Authors: Cardoso Gabriela Ribeiro , Borba Julian
Published: June 2023

Resumo A América Latina concentra elevadas taxas de homicídio, o que coloca uma série de adversidades para as democracias em consolidação e pode fomentar retrocessos na legitimidade democrática. Neste sentido, o artigo dedica-se a aprofundar, na literatura internacional, os temas vitimização, medo do crime e legitimidade democrática na América Latina. Deste modo, o artigo está organizado em quatro seções: primeiramente, são destacadas as características gerais da literatura sobre medo do crime e a relação com a democracia. Na sequência, são abordados os estudos que conectam diretamente a vitimização e o medo do crime com aspectos políticos e, de modo específico, com a legitimidade democrática. A terceira seção aborda os mecanismos causais que podem favorecer os efeitos da violência na legitimidade democrática. Por fim, são apresentadas considerações gerais sobre a literatura pesquisada, bem como são levantadas questões para a agenda de pesquisa no contexto latino-americano.
Brazilian sociological theory and postcolonial criticism
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Amaral de , Alves Ana Rodrigues Cavalcanti
Published: June 2023

Abstract The article discusses to what extent sociological theories produced in the Brazilian academic field dialogue with a global intellectual movement criticizing coloniality and the Eurocentric foundations of the social sciences. Initially, we analyze the challenges regarding the attempts to define two theoretical approaches, Brazilian sociology, and Postcolonial Thought, without overlooking their internal heterogeneities. Then, we address the tensions between these approaches as conditions for research agendas that bring both contributions into proximity. Finally, we explore the epistemological potential of one of these agendas, which corresponds to a rereading of Brazilian sociological theory in light of postcolonial criticism. This exercise in rereading the canon is based on the methodological program of sociological reduction of Guerreiro Ramos, which indicates a reciprocal interrogation between Brazilian sociology and postcolonial thought, i.e., a decentered look at our sociological tradition that also reveals contributions from this tradition for the future of postcolonial epistemologies.
STUDY OF FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OVER HEATED PLAIN AND DUAL-STEP CYLINDERS
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Katiyar Jitendra Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar
Published: June 2023

This work investigated flow past a dual-step cylinder at different wall temperatures, numerically and experimentally.
The numerical work was carried out with the help of the computational fluid dynamics solver, Ansys Fluent. For
validation, experiments were performed on a wind tunnel for the circular cylinder with step down (D/d < 1), step up (D/d > 1), and plane cylinder (D/d = 1). The drag coefficient was calculated based on the pressure measurements on peripheral points around all three cylinder cases. The results illustrate that the plain cylinder shows a maximum negative magnitude of pressure coefficient, whereas the step-down cylinder shows a minimum. The primary vortices interact with step-induced vortices clockwise and counterclockwise, producing different wake flow characteristics compared to the plane cylinder. Further, the results suggest that the ability to transfer heat from the cylinder wall to the fluid medium is higher for the cylinder with a diameter ratio of D/d < 1.
Strip footings for the extension of a piled building
Authors: Gasparre Apollonia , Crilly Mike , Harland Sam , Atkinson Gareth
Published: June 2023

A four-storey building in south-west London, UK is to be extended to eight storeys by introducing a system of strip footings to supplement the original foundation system, formed by displacement flight auger piles. The reuse of the original foundation piles and the implementation of the new footings were made possible by a detailed desk study, which obtained record information on the existing foundation system together with a thorough investigation of the existing foundations, which validated the record data. The strip footing solution was assessed against other options and selected on the basis of accessibility and construction practicalities. New ground beams were designed to distribute the new column loads in a manner compatible with the implemented solution. The complex interaction between the new shallow footings and the existing deep footings was assessed considering different loading scenarios and maximum and minimum displacements for each element. Simplified linear elastic geotechnical analyses and pile settlement calculations supported the structural assessment of the proposed extension.
Band-gap-engineered mixed-halide perovskite films through vacuum-based deposition approach
Authors: Yadav Rekha , Banappanavar Gangadhar , Aslam Mohammed
Published: June 2023

Mixed-halide perovskites offer the important characteristic of band-gap tunability, which is essential for tandem solar cells. Herein, the single-source vapor deposition method is reported for MAPbBr2Cl1 (MA (methyl ammonium) = CH3NH3), MAPbBr1.5Cl1.5 and MAPbBr1Cl2 perovskite films utilizing the corresponding mixed-halide perovskite nanoparticles as a source for thermal evaporation. Further, band-gap tuning in vacuum-deposited MAPbBr3 thin films is performed through MACl treatment with successful band-gap tuning from 2.37 to 2.48 eV. The limitation of chlorine (Cl) incorporation into the perovskite structure at room temperature is tackled by MACl treatment of vapor-deposited MAPbBr2Cl1, MAPbBr1.5Cl1.5 and MAPbBr1Cl2 films. The structural properties of MAPbBr3−x Cl x films show a continuous shift in the X-ray diffraction peak toward a higher 2θ value, confirming chlorine incorporation into the perovskite structure. Band-gap tuning in MAPbBr3−x Cl x films, from 2.37 to 2.86 eV, is confirmed by absorption spectroscopy. The mixed-halide perovskite films show an improved microstructure with MACl treatment, as observed from the increased grain size of the films. Further, emission studies show good stability of MAPbBr3−x Cl x films against phase segregation under continuous exposure to 325 nm wavelength illumination of 100 mW/cm2 for more than 60 min. The diminished phase segregation might help in advancing the application of mixed-halide perovskites for reliable optoelectronic devices.
Reconocimiento de sistemas de salud indígenas en la salud pública kichwa
Authors: Saleh Marwa , Uzendoski Michael , Salazar Ofelia
Published: June 2023

En este reporte resumimos la experiencia de una comunidad kichwa de Ecuador en el ámbito de la salud durante la pandemia por la COVID-19. A través de este caso enfatizamos conceptos cruciales que están surgiendo en las ciencias sociales y demostramos su correlación directa con la medicina clínica tal como la experimentan las parteras de salud tradicionales. Además, se pone el foco en el trabajo realizado durante la pandemia por la Asociación de Mujeres Parteras Kichwa del Alto Napo, un grupo conformado, justamente, por parteras y curanderas indígenas que brindan sus conocimientos ancestrales sobre medicina a toda aquella persona que los necesite.
Does Mistaken Belief in Consent Constitute a Defence in South African Rape Cases?
Authors: Stal Serone
Published: June 2023

In the 2020 case of Coko v S 2022 1 SACR 24 (ECG), the Eastern Cape High Court held that a person's mistaken belief in consent to penetrative sex could constitute a valid defence in law. In statutory provisions and jurisprudence, the absence of the victim's consent is fundamental in establishing a case of rape. This paper evaluates the decision, where it was held that when an appellant reasonably believes that the complainant/victim had consented to sex, this alone could be enough to acquit the appellant of the charge of rape.
Female cricket pace bowling: kinematic and anthropometric relationships with ball release speed
Authors: Lyons Charlotte , Felton Paul , McCabe Carla
Published: June 2023

Background: Despite an increase in the professionalism and participation of female cricket, the coaching of female pace bowling is still reliant on male-derived knowledge.
Objectives: To investigate the association between key male-derived kinematic and anthropometric parameters and ball release speed (BRS) in female pace bowlers.
Methods: Eleven female pace bowlers participated in this study. BRS, and four anthropometric and five kinematic parameters were determined. Stepwise linear regression and Pearson Product Moment correlations were used to identify anthropometric and kinematic parameters linked to BRS.
Results: The best predictor of BRS explaining 89% of the observed variance was the bowling shoulder angle at ball release. The best anthropometric predictor of BRS was height explaining 53% of the observed variance. Other parameters correlated with BRS included: run-up speed (r = 0.75, p = 0.013) and arm length (r = 0.61, p = 0.046). When height was controlled for, the front knee angle at front foot contact was also correlated to BRS (r = 0.68, p = 0.044). No relationship was found between trunk flexion and BRS.
Conclusion: Faster BRS were characterised by faster run-up speeds, straighter front knees, and delayed arm circumduction similar to male pace bowlers. The lack of relationship between trunk flexion and BRS may highlight female pace bowlers adopting a bowling technique where BRS is contributed to by trunk rotation as well as trunk flexion. This knowledge is likely to be useful in the talent identification and coaching of female pace bowlers.
Cassava torrado-like virus encodes a gene that facilitates the mechanical transmission to Nicotiana benthamiana of Cassava virus X
Authors: Jimenez Jenyfer , Leiva Ana M. , Cuellar Wilmer J.
Published: June 2023

Cassava-torrado-like virus (CsTLV) is a bipartite single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the family Secoviridae. The virus has been reported in Brazil and Colombia, and is usually found in mixed infections, and in plants affected by Cassava Frogskin Disease (CFSD), an endemic cassava disease in the Americas. Genome analysis of CsTLV identifies a gene in RNA2 implicated in pathogen movement in other torradoviruses. This gene (RNA2-ORF1) and another one no related to virus movement (Maf/Ham1) were amplified by PCR and cloned into constructs under the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), which then were transfered to agrobacterium binary vectors. When agro-infiltrated in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, only RNA2-ORF1 had a positive effect on the mechanical inoculation of cassava virus X (CsVX), a potexvirus that has a low rate of mechanical infection in N. benthamiana. Efficiency of CsVX mechanical transmission was measured by the number of infected plants, presence of symptoms, and titers of CsVX as measured by ELISA, two weeks after infection. On average, CsVX could infect 2.3 times more plants when these were previously agro-infiltrated with A. tumefaciens binary vector encoding CsTLV RNA2-ORF1. We conclude that the novel secovirid CsTLV associated with leaf spot symptoms in cassava, encodes a gene that could enhance other viral infections in N. benthamiana. Further studies are required to elucidate this effect and its role in mixed infections, often observed in cassava plants affected by CFSD.
Retina and RPE/Choroid RNA Extraction Protocol v1
Authors: Jittprasong Chottiwatt
Published: June 2023

This protocol involves the extraction of RNA from retinal and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in the subject's retina, utilizing TRIzol as the main reagent for cell lysis.
RIB 45 años: la historia documentada de la bibliotecología, la archivística y las ciencias de la información desde la EIB
Authors: Vallejo Echavarría director/editor Juan Camilo
Published: June 2023

La Revista Interamericana de Bibliotecología (RIB) ha cumplido recientemente 45 años de historia. Desde su creación en 1978, esta publicación científica ha sido un referente para la comunidad académica y profesional de América Latina y el Caribe en los campos de la bibliotecología la archivística y las ciencias de la información. En este editorial, queremos destacar algunos de los hitos más importantes de la historia de la RIB, así como su contribución a la investigación y el desarrollo de la bibliotecología en la región.
Perceived academic stress in Mexican medical students. The role of sex emotional distress, burnout, academic-social support, current abuse experiences, and coping strategies
Authors: Guízar Sánchez Diana Patricia , Sampieri Cabrera Raúl , Inclán Rubio Virginia , Muñoz Comonfort Armando
Published: June 2023

Introduction. Academic stress is a common problem among medical students that has a negative physiological, social, and learning impact. Perceived academic stress indicates how stressed a student is about academic issues over a given period of time and the ability to handle that stress. Objective. To determine the prevalence of PAS and evaluate possible risk factors, focusing on sex differences, burnout, emotional distress, academic-social support, and coping strategies. Method. A cross-sectional, retrospective, and comparative study was conducted through an online survey with medical students (MS) willing to participate anonymously. Results. All students reported PAS and the majority to a moderate-severe degree. Comparing the presence of abuse within the academic environment between men and women, we found differences in the frequency of reporting emotional abuse and sexual. Also, we found differences in perceived academic social support from teachers and family members. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed sex and current sexual abuse inside school had the strongest association with PAS in MS, followed by a family history of depression and perceived less academic social support from family. Discussion and conclusion. Timely identification of individuals at-risk will be critical to establish preventive strategies to limit the impact of PAS in MS, stress management programs, training coping skills, and offer prompt therapeutic alternatives when needed.
Prolonged grief disorder treatment:	An approach to COVID-19 grief
Authors: Martínez-Medina Consuelo Bernarda , Rodríguez-Orozco Alain R.
Published: June 2023

Background. It has been estimated that COVID-19 grief will affect approximately sixteen million people worldwide, while the prevalence of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) could rise to 40%. Objective. To review treatments that can be administered to patients with PGD due to COVID-19. Method. PUBMED and Google Scholar were searched with the following keywords: prolonged grief disorder, complicated grief, grief and psychotherapy, and treatment of prolonged grief, complicated grief or persistent complex grief. Results. Fifty articles were reviewed on the efficacy of interpersonal therapy, rational emotional-behavioral therapy, supportive therapy, humanistic therapy, systemic family therapy, group therapy, writing therapy, Internet-based intervention, and a modality of cognitive behavioral therapy used with prolonged grief, metacognitive therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy. Discussion and conclusion. There is no consensus on the psychotherapeutic treatment of choice for people with PGD due to the loss of a family member to COVID-19. Group therapy is effective in reducing the intensity of uncomplicated grief, cognitive-behavioral therapy is highly efficacious in reducing the severity of grief, metacognitive therapy specifically designed for PGD has a positive impact on depression, anxiety, stress, rumination, and quality of life while Acceptance and Commitment Therapy is helpful for restoring spirituality. Psychotherapy is most effective when combined with drug therapy. It is suggested that comparative studies be undertaken of psychotherapeutic techniques for managing patients with PGD associated with COVID-19 and the adaptation of these techniques to virtual settings.
MULTIPLANNING OF THE METHOD OF THE INTERLINGUAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RELATED / UNRELATED LANGUAGES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Korbozerova Nina
Published: June 2023

Linguistic typology, as one of the main areas of language analysis, is focused on the study of the structural and functional features of at least two languages, regardless of the presence/absence of genetic kinship between them. This is one of the essential criteria that distinguish linguistic typology from comparative-historical studies in ontological and epistemological terms, that is, each of these directions has its own, clearly defined subject, principles and methods of research. Linguistic typology is capable of covering a wider range of general regularities and phenomena that are common to each of the compared languages. At the same time, the identified isomorphic features can be considered as general typological regularities inherent in the structure of the language, and not only as classification features. That is, at this level of analysis of linguistic units, the process of synthesis takes place during the study of the organization and classification of sound, word, sentence, and suprasyntactic units. Genealogical, typological and territorial are considered to be the current directions of systematization of languages in linguistics. Each of the directions is characterized by its own approaches, methods and research criteria in language research. The genealogical approach involves taking into account historical factors, thanks to which it is possible to identify family ties between the languages under analysis. The typological approach makes it possible to classify languages by linguistic type, according to the taxonomic criteria of structural relatedness or non-relatedness, similarity or dissimilarity, presence or absence of similar features between languages, regardless of their historical origin, territorial distribution and close or distant geographical location. In addition, linguistic typology deals with the study of type in language, language universals, isomorphism, amorphousness, allomorphism in language. The territorial approach to classification takes into account the principle of areal research, the purpose of which is to study languages that have been in close contact for a long time and even came under the influence of language convergence.
MODERN APPROACHES TO DEFINING SPEECH GENRES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Korol Solomiia
Published: June 2023

This article focuses on modern linguistics and its new promising direction, the anthropocentric theory of speech genres (TSG). The author of the article examines the importance of the theory of speech genres in the context of virtual communication and its impact on social content. The necessity of a multidimensional approach to the study of speech genres in modern genology and the virtual nature of social networks, their unstructured nature, pluralism and fragmentation are emphasized. It is concluded that the modern speech genre and the virtual speech genre are an information and communication environment based on written communication and using a wide range of linguistic means. The importance of distinguishing between speech genres on the web cannot be overstated, as it helps ensure effective communication and understanding among Internet users. Speech genres are varieties of texts or speech that have their own characteristics, style, and purpose. They are used to convey information, express thoughts, entertain, or create an emotional atmosphere. In the online space, recognizing speech genres has several crucial aspects: communication efficiency, avoiding misinterpretation, enhancing credibility, facilitating effective information seeking. In conclusion, the identifying speech genres on the web is of utmost importance as it enables effective communication, helps users find relevant content, prevents misinterpretation, enhances credibility, and fosters trust. By understanding and utilizing the appropriate speech genres, both content creators and consumers can engage in meaningful and productive online interactions.
COGNITIVE FEATURES OF CONTRARGUMENTATIVE DISCOURSE MARKERS IN MODERN SPANISH LANGUAGE
Authors:   Evgeniy Bereznyak Military-Diplomatic Academy (Ministry of Defence of Ukraine), Lomakina Irina
Published: June 2023

The article deals with Spanish-language contrargumentative discourse markers as a separate class of expressions and words that perform common functions: they connect fragments of discourse, explain what semantic links exist between the text elements, manage the communication process, the interpretation of discourse by the speaker and the recipient, correlate, compare and contrast statements in discourse. These units not only syntactically combine parts of the text, but also explain the cognitive connections between its parts, as well as express the speaker's attitude to what he communicates, or his attitude to the speech addressee. Communicative implicatures can be blocked when the speaker realizes that his information has caused an undesirable effect in the mind of the interlocutor. The ability to understand this is determined as the theory of mind. An analysis of the cognitive functions of Spanish contrargumentative discourse markers reveals that they aim to refute undesired statements or assumptions. Contrargumentative DMs have their own program of functioning, according to which, they block the unwanted implicature that appeared in the previous statement, and on the other hand, they introduce a new block of discourse. With this new block, the communicator completes the information that the recipient should be left with. If we study the differences in the use of contrargumentative DMs, it is necessary to distinguish different shades of use within the limits of the above-mentioned algorithm. Awareness of these differences or shades of sense is usually inherent in native speakers and difficult to convey to those who are learning Spanish as a foreign language.
THE CONCEPT GUERRA IN SPANISH INTERNET DISCOURSE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Rybalka Oleksandra
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the study of lexical means through which the concepts are verbalized. The author gives a definition of such terms as “concept” and “conceptual sphere” with an emphasis on their complex structure providing those that are most relevant in the research. It was determined that the lexical and semantic as well as nominative fields of concepts are in the constant process of expansion, which is facilitated by the Internet discourse. The last mentioned is characterized by immediate transmission of current events, thus it enables the verbalization of concepts which are of considerable interest to the members of the community in a certain period of time. It was shown that in mass media discourse new concepts are constantly appearing, but also the existing ones are acquiring new meanings and connotations. Proceeding from the fact that the language can serve to create manipulative, untrue and propaganda information, it was determined that the study of the concept “war” is particularly relevant. The article considers the lexical means, by which the actualization of the concept GUERRA takes place in mass-media discourse, which include the lexeme “guerra” itself and its use with attributive adjectives as well as the synonyms of the lexeme “guerra”. The both above mentioned are also used with the verbs that have different semantic features. Personal contribution made by the author: in the process of researching the lexical means of realization of the concept GUERRA in the texts of Spanish online newspaper El Español the frame structure was created. The frame illustrates the actualization of the concept and highlights the connection of the concept GUERRA with the concept CRIMEN.
VARDİYALI ÇALIŞMANIN YEME FARKINDALIĞI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: KESİTSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: DEMİREZEN Murat , BÜYÜKOKUDAN Şerife , COŞKUN Ali Rıza , BÜYÜKOKUDAN Uğur , ŞENOL Yiğit
Published: June 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada bir otelde çalışan bireylerde yeme farkındalığı ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini Afyonkarahisar ilinde bir otelde çalışan 200 kişi oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem seçimine gidilmeyerek evrenin tamamına ulaşma hedeflenmiş ve araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü kabul eden 159 kişi (%79,5) çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği (YFÖ) ile toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: YFÖ alt boyutlarından duygusal yeme evlilerde anlamlı derecede yüksek ve farkındalık, vardiyalı çalışanlarda anlamlı derecede düşük bulunmuştur. Yaş ile duygusal yeme arasında düşük düzeyde pozitif korelasyon bulunmaktadır. Cinsiyet, kronik hastalık, uyku süresi ve çalışma ortamı ile YFÖ alt boyutları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır.

Sonuç: Sosyodemografik faktörlerin yeme farkındalığını etkileyebileceği, vardiyalı çalışanlarda YFÖ alt boyutlarından farkındalığın düşük olduğu ve çalışanlarda yeme farkındalığına yönelik daha fazla araştırma yapılmasının toplum sağlığı açısından gerekli olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
POSISI KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF DAYA SAING KARET INDONESIA
Authors: Amiruddin Achmad , Heliawaty Heliawaty , Tenriawaru Nixia
Published: June 2023

Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara dengan produktivitas terbesar karet memberikan Indonesia potensi dan peluang dalam perdagangan internasional. Meningkatnya industri otomotif dan kendaraan bermotor di pasar dunia menyebabkan makin tingginya permintaan karet. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis daya saing melalui keunggulan kompetitif karet alam Indonesia  di negara tujuan ekspor yakni Amerika Serikat, Jepang, China, India, dan Korea Selatan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Export Product Dinamics untuk mengukur keunggulan kompetitif, serta analisis X-Model Potential Export untuk melihat potensi pengembangan komoditas di negara tujuan ekspor. Hasil perhitungan EPD menunjukkan karet alam Indonesia hanya memiliki keunggulan kompetitif di negara Amerika Serikat. Serta analisis X Model Potential Export Product menunjukkan potensi pengembangan karet alam Indonesia yang optimis ke negara Amerika Serikat, Potensial untuk negara China, India, dan Korea Selatan, namun kurang potensial untuk negara Jepang.
A Verbális Epizodikus Memória Teszt
Authors: Racsmány Mihály , Pajkossy Péter , Szandra László , Szőllősi Ágnes
Published: June 2023

Háttér és cél – Az epizodikus emlékezet hanyatlása az enyhe kognitív zavar és a különböző hátterű dementiák egyik legkorábbi kognitív markere. Magyar nyelven szinte alig van elérhető, standardizált, a magyar nyelv sajátságait figyelembe vevő epizodikusmemória-teszt. A tanulmány egy új emlékezeti vizsgálóeszközt, a Verbális Epizodikus Memória Tesztet (VEMT) mutatja be, ismertetve a teszt felépítését, standardizált használatát, valamint a teszt magyarországi normatív adatait. Módszerek – A VEMT tágabban a verbális információkkal kapcsolatos tanulási képességek átfogó vizsgálatára szolgál, míg specifikusabban szólisták tanulásával kapcsolatos képességek mérésére alkalmas neuropszichológiai diagnosztikai eszköz. Jelen vizsgálatunkban egy 385 fős normatív adatbázist állítottunk össze. Eredmények – Kimutattuk, hogy a VEMT érzékeny azon demográfiai mutatók hatásaira, amelyek kapcsán eltéréseket várunk az epizodikus emlékezet működésében (például életkor). A teszt szabadon hozzáférhető, és a jelen mintán megállapított normatív adatokat is közöljük mellékletben. Következtetés – A teszt mutatói alkalmasak tanulási görbe felrajzolására, az újonnan és régebben tanult információk egymásra hatásának (interferenciájának) kimutatására, a szabad, illetve a hívóingerrel történő felidézés közötti különbségek mérésére. Továbbá a teszteredmények lehetőséget adnak a különböző típusú emlékezeti kódolási formák (fonológiai, szemantikai, epizodikus) hatásainak megkülönböztetésére, a bemutatási sorrend emlékezeti rekonstrukciós képességének mérésére (emlékezeti sorrendi információ), a felejtési ütem kimutatására, a felismerési képességek mérésére, valamint a hippocampus működéséhez kapcsolódó emlékezeti mintázat kiegészítés és megkülönböztetés folyamatainak feltárására.
Is autism spectrum disorder an inflammation?
Authors: Naralan Yüksel Sümeyra , Gül Abdulhakim Hasan , Altunkaynak Konca
Published: June 2023

Background and purpose – In our study, we aimed to evaluate inflammation by measuring serum Adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV levels of individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and to determine its relationship with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale. Methods – 37 children aged 2-12 years with a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and 27 children aged 2-12 years without any psychiatric disease were included in the study. Psychiatric examination and clinical evaluation according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder were performed on the children included in the study. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale was filled in by the researcher by interviewing the parents of the children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. 5 ml of venous blood samples were taken from the children in both groups in the morning on a full stomach. Results – There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, and sociodemographic data. While serum adenosine deaminase levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in the group with autism spectrum disorder, serum dipeptidyl peptidase IV levels were found to be significantly lower. A positive correlation was found between dipeptidyl peptidase IV and Childhood Autism Rating Scale. Conclusion – We think that inflammation may play a role in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder due to altered adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV levels in children with autism spectrum disorder.
An Enhanced Security in Medical Image Encryption Based on Multi-level Chaotic DNA Diffusion
Authors: Gupta Mousumi , Bhattacharjee Snehashish , Chatterjee Biswajoy
Published: June 2023

A novel medical image encryption technique has been proposed based on the features of DNA encodingdecoding in combination with Logistic map approach. The approach is proven for encryption of highly sensitive medical images with 100 percent integrity or negligible data loss. Testing is done on both high and low-resolution images. Proposed encryption technique consists of two levels of diffusion using the actual structure of the DNA. In the first level of diffusion process, we have used DNA encoding and decoding operations to generate DNA sequence of each pixel. The originality of the work is to use a long DNA structure stored in a text file stored on both sender and receiver’s end to improve the performance of the proposed method. In this initial level of diffusion, DNA sequences are generated for each pixe-land in each of the DNA sequence. Index values are obtained by employing a search operation on the DNA structure. This index values are further modified and ready to be used for next diffusion process. In the second level diffusion, a highly chaotic logistic map is iterated to generate sequences and is employed to extract the chaotic values to form the cipher images. The correlation coefficient analysis, Histogram analysis, Entropy analysis, NPCR, and UACI exhibit significant results. Therefore; the proposed technique can play an important role in the security of low-resolution medical images as well as other visible highly sensitive images.
Smart Attendance System based on improved Facial Recognition
Authors: Dang Thai-Viet
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, the fourth industrial revolution has achieved significant advancement in high technology, in which artificial intelligence has had vigorous development. In practice, facial recognition is one most essential tasks in the field of computer vision with various potential applications from security and attendance system to intelligent services. In this paper, we propose an efficient deep learning approach to facial recognition. The paper utilizes the architecture of improved FaceNet model based on MobileNetV2 backbone with SSD subsection.  The improved architecture uses depth-wise separable convolution to reduce the model size and computational volume and achieve high accuracy and processing speed. To solve the problem of identifying a person entering and exiting an area and integrating on advanced mobile devices limits to (such as limited memory and on-device storage) highly mobile resources. Especially, our approach yields better results in practical application with more than 95% accuracy on a small dataset of the original face images. Obtained frame rate (25 FPS) is very favorable compared to the field of facial recognition using neural network. Besides, the deep learning based on solution could be applicable in many low-capacity hardware or optimize system’s resource. Finally, the smart automated attendance systems is successfully designed basing on the improved efficient facial recognition.
Development of a Virtual Environment-Based Electrooculogram Control System for Safe Electric Wheelchair Mobility for Individuals with Severe Physical Disabilities
Authors: Ogenga Jane Phoebe Achieng , Njeri Paul Waweru , Muguro Joseph Kamau
Published: June 2023

Conventional wheelchairs are predominantly manual or joystick-operated electric wheelchairs. However, operating these wheelchairs can be difficult or impossible for individuals with severe physical disabilities. Due to losing control of their physical limbs, they depend on an attendant for assistance. As a remedy, bio-signals may be used as a control mechanism since they are readily available and can be acquired from any body part. This research proposes to use EOG signals to vail a control mechanism and test it in a virtual and actual electric wheelchair. The main contribution of the study is an investigation of the use of EOG to control an electric wheelchair in a virtual environment to determine safe control parameters for wheelchair use in complex environments. A customized data acquisition circuit was developed to acquire single-channel EOG signals using wet electrodes. The acquired signal was filtered and processed using feature extraction and classification techniques in MATLAB software. Two customized control environments were developed in Unity 3D, one with equally partitioned sections and the other with sections decreasing in size as the robot wheelchair approaches the target. Twenty-two test subjects (mean age 24.5, std 1.5) participated in the study, controlling the robot wheelchair in real-time with non or least instances of collision and oversteering. The system achieved an accuracy of 96.5% with a response time of 0.7s, translating to an ITR of 70.6 bits/min. Overall, the participants managed to navigate the virtual environment with a completion time of 101.94s ± 19.71 and 109.07s ± 13.25 for the male and female participants, respectively. In the scene with decreasing section sizes, 72% and 54% instances of collision and oversteering were reported, respectively, highlighting the need to consider the complexity of the control environment and the sufficiency of the participants' control skills to ensure safety in operations. The results confirm the usefulness of EOG as a control interface, with little or no need for recalibration. It provides a promising avenue for individuals with severe physical disabilities to operate wheelchairs independently in complex environments, enhancing their quality of life.
A New Self-Tuning Nonlinear PID Motion Control for One-Axis Servomechanism with Uncertainty Consideration
Authors: Shamseldin Mohamed A. , Abdelghany Mohamed A.
Published: June 2023

This paper introduces a new study for one-axis servomechanism with consideration the parameter variation and system uncertainty. Also, a new approach for high-performance self-tuning nonlinear PID control was developed to track a preselected profile with high accuracy. Moreover, a comparison study between the proposed control technique and the well-known controllers (PID and Nonlinear PID). The optimal control parameters were determined based on the COVID-19 optimization technique. The parameters of the servomechanism system changed randomly at a preselected range through the online simulation. The change of these parameters acts as the nonlinearity resources (friction, backlash, environmental effects) and system uncertainty. A comparative study between the linear and nonlinear models had been accomplished and investigated. The results show that the proposed controller can track several operating points with high accuracy, low rise time, and small overshoot.
Factors considered by junior residents in selecting anesthesia as a career choice and stress levels amongst the anesthesia postgraduate students: A questionnaire-based study
Authors: Nelamangala Kiran , Madhusudhana Ravi , Kalimisetty Sundeep
Published: June 2023

Anaesthesiology today is a vast speciality in medical science. In a healthcare setting, the expectations of teachers, parents, and patients augment the stress experienced by postgraduate trainees and registrars due to their hard workload, long duty hours, night shift, limited vacation time, insufficient sleep and food, and study.

The study aims to assess factors influencing the selection of anaesthesia as a speciality choice and to assess stress levels while working as a postgraduate in anaesthesia.

A questionnaire-based study was done among 265 junior anaesthesia residents for 2 months. A semi-structured was used to collect the data. Data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics version 20.

Of 265 participants, most participants lie in the age group of 26-35 years (82.3%) with a mean age of 28±4 years and the least in >35 years (5.3%). Most of the participants in the current study are females (54.3%), and the rest are males (45.7%). 177 (81.2%) were MD postgraduates with stress and DNB postgraduates (80.9%). However, there was no significant association between the post-graduation degree and perceived stress. Most women students reported statistically significant stress.

Anaesthesiologists need to emphasize the positive aspects and scope of the speciality outside the operating room, like trauma, critical care and pain management.