Keanekaragaman Benalu di Ecopark, Cibinong Science Center-Botanic Gardens
Authors: Hutabarat Prima Wahyu Kusuma , Zulkarnaen Rizmoon Nurul , Mulyani Melza 
Published: October 2020

AbstrakArea konservasi ex situ, Ecopark Cibinong Science Center-Botanic Gardens (CSC-BG), membutuhkan strategi pemeliharaan tanaman koleksi yang tepat untuk mendukung kesehatan dan keberlanjutan koleksinya. Serangan benalu atau tumbuhan parasit tidak hanya dapat merusak estetika, namun juga menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, bahkan membunuh tanaman koleksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis benalu dan distribusi spasial dari sebaran benalu di Ecopark CSC-BG. Pengumpulan spesimen dan data, meliputi jenis dan jumlah benalu, jenis dan kondisi inang, habitat menggunakan metode jelajah di seluruh area ini. Ditemukan empat jenis benalu dari suku Lorantaceae, yaitu Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq., Scurrula atropurpurea (Blume) Danser, Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Tiegh., dan Dendrophthoe sp. Benalu tersebut tersebar di bioregion Blok 1, Jawa-Bali, Kalimantan, Sumatra, dan Papua. Beberapa faktor ekofisiologi yang disarankan untuk diperhatikan dalam distribusi benalu adalah tinggi inang, ekspos cahaya pada tajuk bagian atas inang, kepadatan tanaman koleksi, keterbukaan atau ekspos cahaya matahari pada habitat. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) dan indeks kemerataan (E’) benalu yang ditemukan menunjukkan H’ = 1,29 dan E’ = 0,93. Hasil analisis pola spasial, keberadaan benalu relatif merata di seluruh bagian Ecopark CSC-BG, dengan keragaman jenis tertinggi berada di bioregion Jawa-Bali, Sumatra, dan Kalimantan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini 4 jenis benalu yang ditemukan di Ecopark CSC-BG dengan nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis benalu tergolong sedang dengan pola sebaran merata.AbstractThe Ecopark Cibinong Science Center-Botanic Gardens (CSC-BG), requires the right collection of plant maintenance strategies to support the health and sustainability of the collection. Attack by parasites or parasitic plants can not only destroy aesthetics, but also inhibit growth and development, and even kill the collected plants. This study aims to determine the diversity of parasite types and the spatial distribution of the distribution of parasites in Ecopark CSC-BG. Collection of specimens and data, including the type and number of parasites, types, and conditions of the host, habitat using the roaming method throughout this area. Four types of parasites were found from the Loranthaceae tribe, namely Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq., Scurrula atropurpurea (Blume) Danser, Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Tiegh., and Dendrophthoe sp. These types of parasites are scattered in the Block 1 bioregion, Java-Bali, Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Papua. Some of the recommended ecophysiological factors to consider in the distribution of mistletoes were host height, light exposure to the upper canopy of the host, plant collection density, openness, or exposure to sunlight in the habitat. The diversity index (H') and evenness index (E') of mistletoes found were 1.29 and 0.93, respectively. The results of spatial pattern analysis, the presence of mistletoes was relatively evenly distributed throughout the garden, with the highest species diversity found in the Java-Bali, Sumatra, and Kalimantan Bioregions. This study concludes that there were 4 species of mistletoes found in Ecopark CSC-BG with a moderate diversity index and an even distribution pattern.