bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TEK PARTİ DÖNEMİNDE URFA'DA CUMHURİYET BAYRAMI KUTLAMALARI (1934-1945)
Authors: Haykır Handan
Published: September 2021

29 Ekim 1923 tarihinde ilan edilen Cumhuriyet rejimi, bütün yurtta büyük bir memnuniyet ve sevinçle karşılanmıştır. Henüz resmen bayram ilan edilmediğinden, Cumhuriyet'in birinci yıldönümü kutlamaları, 1924 yılında devlet tarafından bir kararname yayınlanarak organize edilmiştir. Halk, yeni rejimi sahiplendiğini ve benimsediğini, kutlamalara yoğun bir katılım sağlayarak göstermiştir. Meclisin 19 Nisan 1925 tarihli oturumunda, Cumhuriyet'in ilan edildiği gün, milli bayram olarak kabul edilmiş ve bu tarihten itibaren, 29 Ekim ülke içinde ve dış temsilciliklerde bayram olarak kutlanmaya başlanmıştır. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin çağdaş ve güçlü bir devlet olma yolunda attığı adımların tüm yurtta benimsenmesi, milli bilincin kuvvetlendirilmesi ve devlet millet kaynaşmasının sağlanması amacıyla, bu kutlamalara ayrı bir önem verilmiştir. Özellikle 1933-1945 yılları arasında yapılan kutlamalara büyük özen gösterilmiş, merkezden gönderilen talimatnameler ile bayram kutlamaları, yurdun dört bir yanında belli bir plan ve program dâhilinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmamızda, Milli Mücadele'de büyük kahramanlıklar göstermiş ve TBMM tarafından "Şanlı" unvanıyla onurlandırılmış Urfa'da, 1934-1945 yılları arasında Cumhuriyet Bayramı törenlerinin nasıl kutlandığı hakkında arşiv belgeleri, dönemin Urfa yerel basını ve tetkik eserlerden yararlanılarak, değerlendirmelerde bulunulacaktır.
Infraestructura para el desarrollo - Vol. 1, No. 4: Cómo movilizar San Salvador
Authors: Tarre Alejandro , Granada Isabel , Nevo Miroslava , Serebrisky Tomás , Ramirez Maria Cecilia , Suárez-Alemán Ancor
Published: September 2021

A través de esta serie de casos de estudio, el Departamento de Infraestructura y Energía del BID pretende dar a conocer su trabajo en la región, los problemas que aborda, los retos en la implementación de sus proyectos y las lecciones aprendidas a partir de los mismos. Cómo movilizar San Salvador representa el cuarto caso de studio de la serie.
Guía para el diseño de un Sistema de Administración de Riesgos Ambientales y Sociales (SARAS) para instituciones financieras en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Braly-Cartillier Isabelle , Gavilanez Muñoz Javier , Calvo Ricardo , Cottle Vanessa
Published: September 2021

Este documento ofrece a las instituciones financieras de América Latina y el Caribe una guía con ejemplos concretos, modelos y herramientas para que puedan diseñar cada elemento y componente de su propio Sistema de Administración de Riesgos Ambientales y Sociales (SARAS). La guía les permite gestionar dichos riesgos de manera más eficiente y ajustada al perfil de su portafolio de crédito. Está basada en las lecciones de "La gestión de riesgos ambientales y sociales: Una hoja de ruta para bancos nacionales de desarrollo en América Latina y el Caribe", documento publicado en 2014 por el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo (BID). Esta publicación está dirigida principalmente a los bancos nacionales de desarrollo (BND), ya que ellos desempeñan un rol único en la promoción de la sostenibilidad. Debido a su mandato público y a su función en los mercados locales de crédito, los BND no solo están bien posicionados para apoyar inversiones sostenibles y bajas en carbono, sino también para movilizar el capital privado hacia estos bienes públicos. Sin embargo, es aplicable también a bancos comerciales, instituciones de microfinanzas y fondos de inversión, entre otros.
Is the Kantian Transcendentalism Idealism? Kant's Conceptual Realism
Authors: Katrechko Sergey
Published: September 2021

In my paper I argue, relying on Kantian definitions and conceptual distinctions, the thesis that Kantian transcen-dental philosophy, which he characterizes as a second-order system of transcendental idealism, is not [empirical] idealism, but a form of realism (resp. compatible with empirical realism [A370-1]). As arguments in favor of this “realistic” thesis, I consistently develop a realistic interpretation of the Kant’s concept of appearance (the theory of “two aspects”), as well as of Kantian Copernican revolution, of his theory of intuition as cognitive ability which 'giving' ‘us objects, of the concept of double affection and noumenal causality.
La trucha (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Potenciales productos alimenticios derivados del principal recurso acuícola en regiones altoandinas
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Perú, Florez-Jalixto Marco Antonio , Roldán-Acero David Julián ,   Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Perú
Published: September 2021

Trout was introduced in our country in 1928 and managed to adapt to the freshwater ecosystems of the Peruvian highlands. It currently represents the economic livelihood of many micro and small-scale fish farmers, together with medium and large companies in regions such as Puno, Pasco, Huancavelica and Junín, whose growth in recent years has been considerable. The 71.98% of this resource was destined for consumption in its fresh state and only 28.02% was processed as frozen, which shows the lack of diversification of value-added products in the production chain of this sweet aquaculture species, together with a shortage of research. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to compile the latest studies, carried out in different countries, related to the processing of this species because it is an excellent raw material due to its nutritional value and techno-functional characteristics. The research work collected covered the use of traditional methods and technologies such as marinating, salting, drying, and smoking, as well as innovative restructuring processes applied to trout minced muscle and filleting by-products. These investigations found that the different food products were differentiated by their physical and sensory attributes, techno-functional properties, shelf life and/or preparation. With this review, we hope to contribute to the triple helix model focused on this resource, from and for the Andes, to promote its sustained production, productive chain, and food security for the inhabitants of the Andean regions.
Morphological characteristics of the populations of Coronella austriaca Laurenti, 1768 (Colubridae, Reptilia) on the northern border of its habitat in Russia
Authors:   A. M. Nikolsky Herpetological Society, Antipov S. A. , Klenina A. A. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of RAS, Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin of Russian Academy of Sciences, Doronin I. V. ,   Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2021

Detailed morphological characteristics of the populations of Coronella austriaca on the northern border of its range, in the Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod regions, are presented. L.corp. of males and females reaches 543 mm and 601 mm, respectively. Ventr. is 166–175 and 175–189, respectively, Scd. Is 50–59 and 32–56, Lab. left/right is usually 7/7 (89.7%), Sublab. is 9/9 (72.4%), respectively. A high incidence of asymmetry (44.4%) was noted for Temp. I and II rows; of 23 combinations, the most common is the symmetric one 2+3/2+3 (25.9%). L.corp./L.cd. limits overlap in 3.1% of underyearlings and yearlings, and in 1.8% of adults. Same-sex individuals statistically significantly differ in their meristic characteristics within the studied regions: the females from a locality near the Chucha river differ from the rest ones in Scd. and Sublab.left., males differ in Scd. and Ventr.+Scd.; males also significantly differ in their metric characteristics L.corp., L.cd., L.total.
Historical, legal, ideological and political prerequisites for the formation and development of the institution of people’s control in the USSR
Authors:   Saratov State University, Berdnikova Elena V.
Published: September 2021

Introduction. The controversial nature of most of the aspects related to the content and essence of people’s control, the assessment of its historical role and significance in the system of state administration of the Soviet period, the effectiveness of legal regulation and the political problems of its implementation still arouses a genuine interest of the scientific community in the study of this phenomenon. Theoretical analysis. People’s control in the USSR was both a developed ideological and political concept and a real political and legal institution. The founder of the concept of people’s control was V. I. Lenin, who, in his numerous works, described a clear justification of its relevance in the conditions of socialist democracy. Empirical analysis. It was revealed that the process of development of the institution of people’s control in Soviet Russia was largely influenced by the worldview of the country’s top leadership, which demonstrated polymorphism of opinions on the role and significance of popular control in the system of socialist governance. There are three stages of formation and functioning of the system of people’s control in Soviet Russia, which had their organizational and institutional features. Results. The study of the ideological, political and historical and legal prerequisites for formation of popular control led to the conclusion that popular control was a specific institution characteristic of the socialist type of government. It passed a rather difficult historical path: from workers’ control in the first years of Soviet power to a very complex organizational and institutional system of state and public control in the last decades of the existence of the USSR.
Comprehensive approach to the strategy of low-carbon socio-economic development of Russia
Authors: Porfiriev B. , Shirov A. , Kolpakov A.
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the key risks of implementing a strategy for long-term socio-economic development of Russia with a low level of greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, the climate agenda has been the most important driver of structural shifts in the world economy and is viewed by leading countries as a factor in intensifying economic growth and consolidating their technological leadership at the global level. In this context, Russia’s efforts to reduce its carbon footprint without direct import of low-carbon technologies and equipment from developed countries will run into non-recognition (of the carbon sink by Russian forests and carbon-free nature of nuclear and large hydro power plants) and increase in requirements for even more radical reduction in emissions. At the same time, Russia is already making a significant contribution to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement. The article provides a list of measures that should underlie a balanced national climate policy. The strategy for the socio-economic development of Russia with a low level of greenhouse gas emissions should provide for a balance between solving the problems of preserving the population, improving the quality of its life, and ensuring dynamic and inclusive economic growth in the country. Russia’s potential announcement of commitments to unequivocally achieve carbon neutrality by mid-century carries serious risks to national interests. Instead, a more flexible language should be used to strive for carbon neutrality.
Bioethics as an Anthropological Challenge
Authors:   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Kondratska Ludmila , Romanovska Liudmila ,   Khmelnitsky National University, Khmelnitsky, Ukraine, Kravchyna Tetiana ,   Khmelnytsky National University, Khmelnytsky, Ukraine, Korolova Nataliia ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsa, Ukraine, Oliynyk Kateryna ,   Khmelnitsky National University, Khmelnitsky, Ukraine
Published: September 2021

The subject of the proposed paper is the disclosure of prerequisites and determinants of the implementation of the soteriological concept of studying the interdisciplinary course of bioethics, the structural model and synectic algorithm of its comprehension and epistemological map of formation of soteriological competence of the future specialist during the study of bioethics. The methodological basis for the implementation of the proposed project is the theory of research-oriented professional education (Inquiry Based Science Education) and, thereafter, technology of advanced learning (Technology Enhanced Learning), which provide wide opportunities to study the course of bioethics in the form of observation of remote virtual experiments on the portal Go-Lab; GRAASP environment for the implementation of author's developments and pedagogically structured programs in the process of performative interaction between teacher and students. The scientific novelty of the material is to substantiate the content of anthropological competencies of future specialists in biomedical specialties and the strategies of obtaining them on the basis of the principles of hermeneutic didactics. Conclusions. Today, obviously, the task of bioethics is not only to protect nature and human life, but also to participate in the realization of the high mission of Salvation. This defines the research field of bioethics as a space of secret dialogue, in which it is desirable to find a place not only for the voice of clinicians, pharmacists, engineers, philosophers, public figures, but also the pastoral voice of the Church.
Conceptualizing and Key Development Factors of the Sharing Economy in Contemporary Environment
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Markeeva Anna Valer’yevna
Published: September 2021

We are already witnessing the emergence of a new economic paradigm - the sharing economy - that will radical transform way of life of society. The new economic paradigm is based on the values of a post-modern society - the imperative of sustainable development models, the growth of meaningful consumption and the development of new types of solidarity. The diversity of business and non-profit sharing services is a result of the growing areas of the sharing economy, the improvement of the technological infrastructure. The sharing economy takes place in organized systems or networks, in which participants conduct sharing activities in the form of renting, lending, trading, bartering, donation and swapping of different physical and non-material resources. The sharing economy framework is an "umbrella" concept. This approach generates not only problems (statistical accounting, regulation, etc.), but has benefits. "Flexible" methodologies that focus on the process of changing sharing practices provide great opportunities for understanding current socio-economic changes and making trustworthy forecasts. Global and country-specific factors determinate the development of sharing projects. Specific factors can include specific tax regimes; expansion of foreign digital platforms that popularize the culture of sharing, socio-cultural practices of non-market exchanges that have developed in countries, which are easily transferred and scaled from an offline to an online, etc. Russian authorities provide the best competitive conditions for sharing services, increase participants' trust, provide information support and promotion. The lack of state support for some sharing sector (in Russia – foodsharing and crowdfunding) leads to a slower its development.
Cognitive and Semiotic Model of Translation
Authors:   Ukrainian National Forestry University, Presner Ruslana , Tsolyk Nataliia ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Vanivska Oleksandra ,   Ukrainian National Forestry University, Bakhov Ivan ,   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, Povoroznyuk Roksolana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Institute of Philology, Sukharieva Svitlana ,   Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to give a comprehensive cognitive and semiotic analysis of translation strategies implied in the translation of the film “Darkest Hour”. Regarding a film as a communicative process mediated by certain semiotic features makes it possible to analyze the semiotic character of film discourse in translation. Thus, it was decided that translation is not just a speech-oriented process but a communicative act taking place within a definite semiotic space in a cross-cultural perspective. The semiotic model of cinematic discourse has a complicated structure and is analyzed based on semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic criteria. The choice of the semiotic system primarily depends on the communicative situation and its recipients. As the semiotic system of the film “Darkest Hour” is both socioculturally and situationally conditioned, the translator reconstructed the sense of the source language text by implying the translation transformations that assured the accuracy and adequacy of its translation into the target language text.
L’Adieu du monde, ou Le Mespris de ses vaines grandeurs et plaisirs périssables du Chartreux Dom Polycarpe de la Rivière (1619) : une rhétorique de l’offuscation ?
Authors: Pittion Jean-Paul
Published: September 2021

L’Adieu du Monde ou Le Mespris de ses vaines grandeurs et plaisirs périssables de Dom Polycarpe de la Rivière est paru à Lyon en 1619. Son auteur qui fut chantre de la chapelle de Marguerite de Valois à Usson, et passa neuf ans à la Grande Chartreuse, met en écriture un vaste savoir joignant textes patristiques, érudition humaniste et poésies grecque, latine et française. Dom Polycarpe pratique la rhétorique de la citation, l’assortit de disquisitiones savantes et la met au service d’une dénonciation des attraits du Monde. Il convoque les autorités qu’il cite en juges et témoins. Le discours d’un mépris implacable envers les princes de l’Église, les courtisans et les femmes, n’arrive toutefois pas à masquer la parole d’un homme toujours hanté par la sensualité. Entre amour charnel et amour spirituel, l’ἔρως qui inspire le texte est plus proche de l’ésotérisme de Philon ou de Grégoire de Nysse que de l’ἁγάπη du maître de la spiritualité cartusienne, Saint Bernard. Le texte de L’Adieu du Monde est le témoin d’une forme de spiritualité partagée par certains cercles humanistes et un exemple d’écriture baroque, au crépuscule de la Renaissance française.
« Aimer religieusement le monde et la vie » : la réponse de Pierre Leroux au contemptus mundi
Authors: Szymański Tomasz
Published: September 2021

Dans son ouvrage De l’humanité, de son principe et de son avenir (1840), Pierre Leroux cherche à établir la « vraie définition de la religion », en visant à une synthèse des traditions religieuses de l’humanité et de la philosophie moderne. Aucune des réponses philosophiques que l’homme a tenté jusqu’ici de donner à la question du bonheur et du souverain bien (stoïcisme, épicuréisme, platonisme, christianisme) ne peut être jugée comme satisfaisante. Entre matérialisme qui méprise l’esprit d’un côté et spiritualisme qui méprise la nature et le monde de l’autre, Leroux cherche une troisième voie : « Aimer religieusement le monde et la vie ». Sa philosophie, qui est à la fois une manière de vivre et une réflexion herméneutique sur l’humanité, conduit à l’application véritable et socialement organisée du principe de l’amour, et dépassant égoïsme et altruisme dans la solidarité, permet de libérer la nature et la vie du mépris qui pesait sur elles pendant des siècles.
Et s’il n’en reste qu’un… Le mépris comme arme de combat chez Victor Hugo
Authors: Gleizes Delphine
Published: September 2021

Victor Hugo, homme de combat, a adopté à de nombreuses reprises la posture du « seul contre tous » dans sa vie politique comme dans sa vie littéraire. Le mépris, assorti de l’ironie et d’un sens féroce de la polémique, apparaît alors comme une arme de choix pour disqualifier l’adversaire et se construire simultanément une stature morale. Ce sont ces mécanismes que l’on tentera de cerner à travers les discours publics de Victor Hugo, son œuvre littéraire et ses dessins. On s’attachera à mettre en évidence les stratégies à l’œuvre dans ces combats : l’attaque ad hominem et l’atteinte physique ; les procédés de monstration et d’exhibition par lesquels le poète soumet ces cibles à l’opprobre public ; les procédés de reductio ad absurdum des raisonnements de l’adversaire, vidés de sens et ridiculisés.
Le dégoût pour la raison face à la réalité sociale du XXe siècle dans des écrits choisis de Marguerite Duras
Authors: Ledwina Anna
Published: September 2021

L’une des questions importantes, abordées dans l’œuvre de Marguerite Duras est une opposition au rationalisme, entendu comme la perte du sens et l’absurde de la vie humaine étant donné la tragédie de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Ainsi, l’auteure manifeste son rapport à la barbarie nazie, et dans un contexte plus vaste, à l’histoire de l’humanité. Ses textes, alternant les hésitations et les obsessions de l’écrivaine, expriment le manque de logique, une conscience douloureuse de l’inévitabilité des malheurs, un vide existentiel, ainsi que l’impuissance de l’être humain. À travers le refus de la « vie matérielle », l’œuvre de Duras révèle la contestation du rationalisme, véhiculant les paradoxes du XXe siècle, liés d’une part aux possibilités, et de l’autre – aux limites et à la souffrance humaines. Les ouvrages durassiens mettent en relief les lacunes de la pensée humaniste et la perplexité de la philosophie, tout en démontrant l’importance de la sphère sensuelle, celle des émotions, des sentiments, et de l’intuition artistique dans la perception de la réalité déconstruite par l’exercice de l’imaginaire.
Jacques Sternberg : le mépris par alphabet
Authors: Reynaud Denis
Published: September 2021

Jacques Sternberg (1923-2006) fut une figure singulière de la scène littéraire parisienne dans les années 1960-1970, aujourd’hui surtout connue pour sa collaboration avec Alain Resnais et Roland Topor. En 1973, il publie un Dictionnaire du mépris où, en 443 entrées (d’Absurde à Zoo en passant par Minable), il exprime sa détestation de l’humanité en général et de la France pompidolienne en particulier. Le livre, qui sera suivi en 1985 par un Dictionnaire des idées revues, est rarement drôle. Son principal intérêt réside dans le recours à la forme alphabétique (empruntée à Voltaire, Flaubert et Ambrose Bierce) et dans son titre. Sternberg, qui prétend ne pas s’intéresser aux gens et ne pas aimer la littérature, se sent comme un prêtre qui ne croirait pas en Dieu. Mais pour lui le mépris est une passion revendiquée, étape nécessaire pour parvenir au « véritable humour », qui a peut-être ses racines dans l’expérience de l’horreur de la guerre et des camps où son père perdit la vie.
Du titre à la poétique : les recueils de nouvelles de Benoît Gonon
Authors: Trębska Marta Elżbieta
Published: September 2021

Benoît Gonon, auteur de trois recueils de récits brefs, est aujourd’hui presque complètement inconnu. Étant l’un des épigones de la nouvelle exemplaire au XVIIe siècle, il écrit ses histoires pour moraliser et édifier ses destinataires. Il n’est guère surprenant que, au niveau des thèmes abordés par l’auteur, son œuvre ne révèle pas trop d’originalité. Cependant, on observe chez lui un élément intéressant : les titres qu’il donne à ses recueils de nouvelles et qui contiennent en germe son programme littéraire. Dans chaque volume il se présente comme un compilateur qui cherche l’invention chez d’autres écrivains. Mais, d’un volume à l’autre, Benoît Gonon ajoute aussi d’autres éléments intéressants : il enrichit progressivement la couche thématique de ses recueils, il signale son public visé. Ces amplifications du titre révèlent la préoccupation de notre célestin pour l’efficacité rhétorique des titres de ses recueils.
Preface: Communicating, Educating, Interfacing during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Daniele Franca
Published: September 2021

This Special Edition of the European Scientific Journal - ESJ results from the speeches that were held at the online Multidisciplinary Conference on May 17. The Conference had several Special Sessions and I had the honor to chair the session on Medical and Health communication, especially during a pandemic.
Responding in a Pandemic: Student Nurse Educator Mentorships, the Other Side of Blackboard
Authors: Tolouian Audrey , Monsivais Diane B. , Wholeben Melissa
Published: September 2021

Background: Nurse educators who are novice often express the need for improved preparation in the educator role. Problem: With the growth of online programs, one area of concern is the need for educators who are prepared to teach online. Approach: A mentorship for online teaching was developed to give student nurse educators the opportunity to develop educator competencies in the online environment. The process, benefits, challenges, and key points for the success of the mentorship are discussed. Outcomes: Since Spring 2016, 89 nurse educator graduate students have completed the mentorship. Their confidence related to the educator role in an online environment was enhanced, and they took great pride in serving as professional role models to the undergraduate nursing students. Conclusions: The mentorship option provides improved educator role preparation for nursing education graduate students who will teach online. It also provides informal mentorship as well as an unexpected perceived value in higher education to students in undergraduate nursing program.
Developments in algal processing
Authors:   University of Texas at Austin, USA, Manning Schonna R. , Gol Reuben D. ,   University of Texas at Austin, USA
Published: September 2021

Macroalgae and microalgae, including cyanobacteria, are primarily photosynthetic organisms grown for the production of renewable biomass for foods, feedstocks, and high-value specialty chemicals. While there are differences in cultivating and harvesting macro- and microalgae due to scale, many of the same downstream techniques can be used for processing algal biomass. This chapter will outline various developments in processing technologies used for the treatment of algal biomass with discussion of scalability, cost, time, and efficacy. Topics will cover methods for harvesting and dewatering algae, drying algal biomass, biomass disruption, and nutrient recovery, including case studies with lessons learned. The final section presents biomass applications and product considerations. While there is no universally-adopted approach for processing algal biomass, these studies provide the foundation for making informed decisions, considering the unique properties of the algae and the integrity of the desired end products.
Bioprocessing of microalgal proteins and their applications in the cosmetic, nutraceutical and food industries
Authors:   The University of Queensland, Australia, Wilson Jordan , Ahmad Termizi Ainnatul A. ,   The University of Queensland, Australia, Chua Elvis T. ,   The University of Queensland, Australia, Schenk Peer M. ,   The University of Queensland, Australia
Published: September 2021

Microalgae have long been recognised for their nutritional value and high protein contents. With the increasing demand for “vegan protein” and concerns for global food security, microalgal protein is finding renewed interest. Microalgae are highly productive and can be grown without competing for arable land or freshwater resources. Most microalgal protein contains all essential amino acids and is hence more suitable as a meat replacement than any other plant protein. Microalgal products are also readily suitable for cosmetic and nutraceutical applications due to their significant health benefits. This chapter provides an overview of the use of various protein-rich microalgae in food, feed, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. The latest technical advances in protein extraction from microalgae are presented, together with an overview of current knowledge on bioavailability and digestibility of microalgal proteins.
Microalgae: a unique source of poultry feed protein
Authors:   Cornell University, USA, Kalia Sahil , Magnuson Andrew D. ,   Cornell University, USA, Liu Guanchen ,   Cornell University, USA, Lei Xin Gen ,   Cornell University, USA
Published: September 2021

This chapter reviews effects of supplemental full- or de-fatted microalgal biomass in diets for broiler chickens, laying hens, and other types of poultry on their production performance, meat and egg qualities, nutrient metabolism, and molecular responses. Different sources of microalgal biomass have shown excellent potential to replace a good amount of SBM and(or) corn without adverse effects. Meanwhile, microalgae are used to enrich chicken meat and eggs with n3-polyunsaturated fatty acids and bioactive phytochemicals for adding human health-promoting values to these animal products. The dual application of microalgae for producing biofuels and replacing conventional feed protein stands as propitious mediator to reshape the junction between intensifying animal agriculture and meeting the global needs for energy, food, and environmental sustainability.
Potential Utilization Analysis of River Waste in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Safira Rahajeng Hasna , Sari Mega Mutiara , Notodarmojo Suprihanto , Inoue Takanobu , Harryes Regil Kentaurus
Published: September 2021

There are still many people in Jakarta who throw their garbage into the river, resulting Jakarta city never being absent from the problems of river water pollution and flooding. Pesanggrahan River and Grogol River are some of the big river surrounded by high popullation area. All waste originating from the Pesanggrahan River and the Grogol River is dumped into the Bantar Gebang Landfill. This study aimed to reduce waste entering landfills are by making use of waste that still has economic value.The method used in decision making from various alternatives of the river waste utilization are utility theory and compromise programming. It takes planning to find out the composition and generation of solid waste from those rivers and to determine the potential use of river waste and the action to minimize and handle the river waste. Utilization of river waste that can be applied based on the composition of most waste is open windrow composting and plastic shredding. It is important to concern about river waste since Indonesia has various polluted river, especially by solid waste. By implementing a good river waste utilization, the waste that enters the landfill will be reduced and in line with reduced pollution to the aquatic environment.
Keywords: Solid waste; Water; Generation; Composition; Utilization
 
Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
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Flash Flood Susceptibility Mapping at Andungbiru Watershed, East Java Using AHP-Information Weighted Method
Authors: Handini Devi Ratna , Hidayah Entin , Halik Gusfan
Published: September 2021

Flash floods are among the most frequent natural disasters caused by heavy rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, which leads to social and economic losses in infrastructure and agriculture. Therefore, this research aims to map flash flood potential susceptibility (FFPS) in the Pekalen watershed, using Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and statistical analysis to reduce the risk of flooding. The opinion and experience of an expert on the weight assessment method were carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Furthermore, the probability statistical methods and GIS were used in flash flood areas in the Pekalen watershed in Andungbiru, Probolinggo village. This study was carried out using geomorphological factors, namely elevation, slope, stream power index, and topographic wetness index, with a resolution of 30 m. Thematic map scale of the land use, river density, distance to the river, rainfall, and geology is in the ratio of is in a ratio of 1:25.000. Imagery processing was carried out using Landsat 8 30 m x 30 m resolution imagery, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. The result showed that the model map of FFPS obtained low 8%, low 23%, moderate 27%, moderate to high 26%, high 13%, and very high 2% index values. The next stage of modeling analysis led to validation using statistic receiver operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) of area Under Curve (AUC) with a value of 90.15. In conclusion, the factors that significantly trigger flash floods are distance to the river, land use, and slope.
 
Keywords: AHP-weighted; information content; FFSP; GIS; Geomorphology
Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
 
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
A technology for prediction of preterm discharge of amniotic fluid
Authors:   Chita State Medical Academy, Mudrov V.A. , Yakimova A.V. ,   Chita State Medical Academy, Ziganshin A.M. ,   Chita State Medical Academy
Published: September 2021

Aim of study. To create a technology for prediction of preterm discharge of amniotic fl uid based on universally accessible methods of laboratory and instrumental evaluation. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 200 birth cases dated 2018-2021 at the premises of obstetric facilities in Chita and Ufa cities featuring patients admitted to the inpatient unit shortly before term labour (1-2 days). In the course of the study, 2 groups were distinguished: Group 1 included 128 female patients with term discharge of amniotic fluid and Group 2 was constituted by 72 female patients with preterm discharge of amniotic fluid. The groups were comparable in age, anthropomorphic parameters and extragenital pathology. On admission, all women underwent general medical examination and ultrasonography. Statistical processing of the results was performed via the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 soft ware. Results. The technology for prediction of preterm discharge of amniotic fluid was based on multilayer perceptron learning. The structure of the learning neural network included 5 input neurons: body mass index, fundal height, the total bilirubin level, activated partial thromboplastin time and the amniotic fluid index. Th e percentage of incorrect predictions of the neural network totalled 28.5 %. Conclusion. A complex approach based on integration of universally accessible methods for laboratory and instrumental tests shortly before the labour based on a neural network makes it possible to predict possible preterm discharge of amniotic fl uid with an accuracy of up to 75 %. Application of this technology in clinical practice will make it possible not only to perform timely preparation of the parturient canal but also to reduce the frequency of adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes
Microsurgical anatomy of arteries in anterior perforated substance of human brain
Authors:   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Pavlov A.V. , Timofeev V.E. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Ovchinnikova N.V. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Lazutina G.S. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Pronin N.A. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University, Bakharev I.V. ,   I.P. Pavlov Ryazan State Medical University
Published: September 2021

Aim of study. To specify the peculiarities in spatial arrangement of arterial branches in the area of anterior perforated substance. Material and methods. The work was carried out using brain material of 25 people of both genders from the archive of the Department of Anatomy at the FSBEI HE Ryazan State Medical University MOH RF. In order to verify the arteries before formaldehyde fi xation of brain, their injection with gelatine solution was performed. Th e peculiarities in origin of central arteries from the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery as well as their calibres and quantity were examined. Results. The study has shown that the spatial arrangement of the perforating arteries in the anterior perforated substance depends on the particular site of origin. Th e origins of arterial branches flowing through the anterior perforated substance are the internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery and anterior choroidal artery. Perforating branches originating from the internal carotid artery were registered in both hemispheres in 98 % of the cases. Unilateral (left ) absence of branches originating from the C4 segment was only noted in one case. The largest quantity of arteries originated from M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery. Th erewith, the majority of the branches belonged to the lateral group exceeding the quantity of such branches in the medial group by 2.3 times on average. Th ereat, the quantity of branches in each group showed no valid diff erence in relation to the side of the body. Conclusion. Knowledge of the anatomy of the anterior perforated substance, the peculiarities in spatial arrangement of the branches of middle cerebral artery and the anterior choroidal artery is important and is of interest for clinicians from the perspective of diagnosis and timely treatment of cerebral tumours and aneurisms of its arterial ring
Tanggung Gugat Konsultan Pengawas Konstruksi Dalam Pekerjaan Terintegrasi Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah
Authors: Nurmahani Intan
Published: September 2021

AbstractPublic Procurement has an important role in achieving the goals of the Indonesian people as stated in the Constitution. Especially in the development of infrastructure because the existence of adequate infrastructure will move the wheels of the economy even better and economic equality throughout Indonesia. Integrated construction work is a combination of construction work and consultancy services. Every construction carried out by the service provider must get technical supervision in the field. Field supervision must be carried out by placing supervisory experts according to the needs and complexity of the work. In this case the supervisory consultant is generally tasked with overseeing construction work with the aim of controlling the completion of the work process and minimizing irregularities that occur in the procurement contract. The method of approach used in this research is the statute approach, case approach, and conceptual approach to assessing legal issues that occur, namely the accountability of supervisory consultants in integrated work. Keywords: Integrated Construction; Supervisory Consultant; Public Procurement.AbstrakPengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah memiliki peran yang penting dalam mencapai tujuan bangsa Indonesia sebagaimana tercantum dalam Konstitusi. Terutama dalam pembangunan infrastruktur karena dengan adanya infrastruktur yang memadahi akan menggerakkan roda ekonomi lebih baik lagi dan pemerataan ekonomi di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Pekerjaan konstruksi terintegrasi merupakan gabungan antara pekerjaan konstruksi dan jasa konsultansi. Setiap pelaksanaan konstruksi yang dilakukan oleh penyedia jasa harus mendapatkan pengawasan secara teknis dilapangan. Pengawasan lapangan harus dilakukan dengan menempatkan tenaga-tenaga ahli pengawas sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kompleksitas pekerjaan. Dalam hal ini konsultan pengawas bertugas secara umum mengawasi pekerjaan konstruksi dengan tujuan agar terkendalinya proses penyelesaian pekerjaan dan meminimalisir penyimpangan yang terjadi dalam kontrak pengadaan. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, serta pendekatan konseptual untuk mengkaji permasalahan hukum yang terjadi, yaitu tanggung gugat konsultan pengawas dalam pekerjaan terintegrasi. Kata Kunci: Pekerjaan Konstruksi Terintegrasi; Konsultan Pengawas; Kontrak Pengadaan Barang/Jasa.
Pengaturan Perlindungan Satwa Terancam di Daerah Konflik Bersenjata
Authors: Haloho Yunia Utami ndah
Published: September 2021

AbstractHumans are often regarded as the only victims that are affected by the armed conflicts. But apparently not only humans, there are also the other living creatures that become the victims of the armed conflicts those are animals included threatened animals. Threatened animals are part of biological diversity that have a high extinction risk level because of the small amount of their populations that requires intensive protection. There are numbers of armed conflicts that happened in the world states where the threatened animals become the victims of it. Threatened animals have to experience the declining of their populations due to the destruction of their habitat, illegal trades of them for financing the conflicts, illegal poaching for their meats, or killed by the weapons that used during the conflicts. The results of this research demonstrates that the International Law through the International Environmental Law and International Humanitarian Law have indirectly provided the regulations about threatened animals in the armed conflict area.Keywords: Threatened Animals; Protection; Regulation.AbstrakManusia sering kali dianggap sebagai satu-satunya korban yang terdampak akibat terjadinya konflik bersenjata. Namun ternyata bukan hanya manusia saja, terdapat makhluk hidup lain yang juga turut menjadi korban akibat dari konflik bersenjata di suatu wilayah negara yaitu satwa termasuk satwa terancam. Satwa terancam yang merupakan bagian dari keanekaragaman hayati memiliki tingkat risiko kepunahan yang tinggi karena populasinya yang sedikit sehingga memerlukan perlindungan yang intensif. Terdapat beberapa konflik bersenjata yang terjadi di berbagai negara di dunia di mana satwa terancam menjadi salah satu korban dari konflik tersebut. Satwa terancam mengalami pengurangan jumlah populasi akibat rusaknya habitat mereka, perdagangan satwa terancam tersebut untuk membiaya konflik, perburuan liar satwa terancam untuk dikonsumsi, atau terbunuhnya satwa terancam akibat terkena serangan senjata yang digunakan dalam konflik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Hukum Internasional melalui Hukum Lingkungan Internasional dan Hukum Humaniter Internasional telah sama-sama memberikan pengaturan terkait perlindungan satwa terancam di daerah konflik bersenjata walaupun bukan merupakan pengaturan yang mengatur secara langsung. Kata Kunci: Satwa Terancam; Perlindungan; Pengaturan.
Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Composites Made of Commingled Carbon Fiber / Nylon Fiber
Authors: Ono Mizuki , Yamane Masachika , Tanoue Shuichi , Yamashita Yoshihiro , Uematsu Hideyuki
Published: September 2021

Fiber-opening treatment of commingled yarns consisting of thermoplastic nylon fibers and carbon fibers could produce superior CFRTP, but few studies toward that end have been conducted. In this study, we investigated whether an open weave fabric consisting of commingled yarns made of carbon and nylon fibers could shorten the impregnation distance of resin to carbon fibers, and there are few reports on the design of fabrics by opening carbon fiber bundles consisting of commingled yarns. From this study, following are cleared. The impregnation speed of the nylon resin on the carbon fiber was very fast, less than 1 minute. As the molding time increased, the tensile strength and tensile fracture strain slightly decreased and the nylon resin deteriorated. The effects of molding time on flexural strength, flexural modulus, and flexural fracture strain were negligible. From the cross-sectional observation conducted to confirm the impregnation state of the matrix resin, no voids were observed in the molded products regardless of molding time or molding pressure, indicating that resin impregnation into the carbon fiber bundle of the open-fiber mixed yarn fabric was completed at a molding pressure of 5 MPa and a molding time of 5 min.
ɤ-TiAl Alloy: Tensile Creep Deformation Behaviour and Creep Life at 832 °C
Authors: Saha Mainak
Published: September 2021

Creep deformation in single phase ɤ-TiAl alloy manufactured using different processing techniques has been an extensively studied topic since the late 1970s. The present work revisits the original work on understanding the tensile creep deformation behaviour of wrought single-phase ɤ-TiAl alloy by Hayes and Martin [1] and is aimed to develop an understanding of steady state creep. Besides, it is also aimed to investigate the creep life for stress levels of 69.4 and 103.4 MPa at 832 ⁰C using Monkman-Grant [2] approach.
Utilization of Agricultural Waste for the Production of Xylooligosaccharides Using Response Surface Methodology and Their In Vitro Prebiotic Efficacy
Authors: Kathiresan Nagamani , Gopal Lingesh , Naveenathan Renuka , Karuppiah Vijay , Abraham David Ravindran , Thangavel Kavitha
Published: September 2021

Air pollution is a prominent problem recently faced in various parts of India due to the burning of stubbles (coconut husk, corn cob, paddy stubbles, sugarcane bagasse, etc.) which are rich in a lignocellulosic component that can be converted into a prebiotic known as Xylooliogsaccaride (XOS). They can be produced by autohydrolysis, acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan. In the present study, Xylan was extracted from sugarcane bagasse using two alkalis (NaOH and KOH) and the yield was compared. Xylooligosaccharide produced by enzymatic hydrolysis and their factors influencing the yield were optimized using Response Surface Methodology. Xylan and Xylooligosaccharide was characterized by FTIR, NMR, XRD, TGA and ESI-MS. Xylooligosaccharides was investigated for their prebiotic potential by in vitro study. The maximum (Relative yield of 86%) yield of xylan was observed in 20% of NaOH. Xylan peaks at 3762cm-1, 3347 cm-1, 2917cm-1 represents the OH and CH stretching of xylan. The main signals at 4.26 (H-1), 3.19 (H-2), 3.59 (H-3), 3.63 (H-4) and 3.98 (H-5) ppm determines the existence of xylan. The higher amount of XOS is pH 4.75, temperature 45°C, enzyme 4U/ml and for time of 16h. The spectrum of 5.0-5.40ppm and 4.30-4.60ppm represents the α anomeric and β anomeric protons in XOS. They are resistant digested and the reaching percentage to the intestine is 95% unhydrolyzed. The maximum prebiotic index was noted in L.plantarum (1.92) and L.fermentum (1.61). The highest prebiotic index and score was observed in L.plantarum (1.9) and L.fermentum (17). The maximum bacteriocin production of Enterococcus faecium against E.fecalis (13mm) and Streptococcus pyogenes (11mm). Therefore, utilization of agricultural residues for a value-added product not only shows a great impact on environmental issues but also could double the farmer’s income
Immunogenicity of heterologous prime/booster-inactivated and adenoviral-vectored COVID-19 vaccine: real-world data
Authors: Wanlapakorn Nasamon , Suntronwong Nungruthai , Phowatthanasathian Harit , Yorsang Ritthideach , Thongmee Thanunrat , Vichaiwattana Preeyaporn , Auphimai Chompoonut , Wongsrisang Lakkhana , Klinfueng Sirapa , Sudhinaraset Natthinee , Poovorawan Yong
Published: September 2021

Limited data are available on the responses to heterologous vaccine regimens for SARS-CoV-2, especially among countries using inactivated and adenoviral-vectored vaccines. A total of 77 participants who received heterologous prime/booster-inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac) and adenoviral-vectored vaccine (AZD1222) were enrolled in our study. There were two comparison groups vaccinated with the homologous CoronaVac (N = 80) and AZD1222 (N = 80) regimen. All sera samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding-domain (RBD) IgG using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). The neutralizing activity in a subset of serum samples was tested against the original Wuhan strain and variants of concern, B.1.1.7, B.1.617.2 and B.1.351, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). The heterologous CoronaVac/AZD1222 vaccine induced higher levels of spike RBD-specific IgG than that of two-dose homologous CoronaVac or AZD1222 vaccines (p < 0.001). Sera samples of the CoronaVac/AZD1222 vaccine recipients elicited higher neutralizing antibody activity against the original Wuhan and all variants of concern than in the recipients of the two-dose CoronaVac. Nevertheless, there were no difference in neutralizing activity against the original Wuhan and B.1.1.7 strain among heterologous CoronaVac/AZD1222 and homologous AZD1222 vaccine recipients.