bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Naproxen and Cromolyn as New Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Inhibitors for Amelioration of Diabetes and Obesity: An Investigation by Docking Simulation and Subsequent In Vitro/In Vivo Biochemical Evaluation
Authors: Motawi Tarek M. K. , Bustanji Yasser , EL‐Maraghy Shohda A. , Taha Mutasem O. , Al Ghussein Mohamed A. S.
Published: June 2013

Naproxen and cromolyn were investigated as new inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (GSK‐3β) in an attempt to explain their hypoglycemic properties. Study included simulated docking experiments, in vitro enzyme inhibition assay, and in vivo validations. Both drugs not only were optimally fitted within a GSK‐3β binding pocket via several attractive interactions with key amino acids but also exhibited potent in vitro enzymatic inhibitory activities of IC50 1.5 and 2.0 µM for naproxen and cromolyn, respectively. In vivo experiments illustrated that both drugs significantly reduced serum glucose and increased hepatic glycogen‐ and serum insulin levels in normal and type II diabetic Balb/c mice models. In obese animal model, both drugs exhibited significant reduction in mice weights, serum glucose, and resistin levels along with significant elevation in serum insulin, C‐peptide, and adiponectin values. It can be concluded that naproxen and cromolyn are novel GSK‐3β inhibitors and can help in management of diabetes and obesity. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J BiochemMol Toxicol 27:425–436, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21503
Big Data: Implications for Financial Managers
Authors: Fanning Kurt , Grant Rita
Published: June 2013

“Big data” goes beyond the critical data that companies traditionally used to make business decisions. It includes a huge and growing amount of less‐structured data from enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, customer relationship management (CRM) programs, social media, and other sources. Some pundits attributed Barack Obama's 2012 election win to his party's ability to analyze and work with big data. Those who accurately predicted the wayward path of Superstorm Sandy used big data to do it. And in 2011, the latest year that we have statistics for, savvy venture capital investors poured $24.7 billion into big data firms. So it's a safe bet that financial managers who can derive actionable information from big data will be able to achieve more corporate growth by making better decisions. How can you use big data to benefit your company? The authors of this article take a close look at what big data means for financial managers. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Moving Forward With IT: A Framework for Success
Authors: Friedman Mark , Akaaboune Ouadie , Shim Young Soo
Published: June 2013

Today companies are struggling to secure a sustainable competitive advantage in a market that is relentlessly more and more competitive. Traditional strategies, like cutting costs and expanding market share, have produced only minimal results. And ominously, these approaches are criticized for being guided by nonrelevant information produced by a firm's information technology (IT) system. But the authors of this article believe there is still a business empowerment role for the chief information officer (CIO)—by expanding IT services. And the authors give a step‐by‐step plan to make a company more competitive in this tough market by using a more advanced approach to IT management. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Loving‐Kindness in the Treatment of Traumatized Refugees and Minority Groups: A Typology of Mindfulness and the Nodal Network Model of Affect and Affect Regulation
Authors: Hinton Devon E. , Ojserkis Rebecca A. , Jalal Baland , Peou Sonith , Hofmann Stefan G.
Published: June 2013

This article discusses how loving‐kindness can be used to treat traumatized refugees and minority groups, focusing on examples from our treatment, culturally adapted cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CA‐CBT). To show how we integrate loving‐kindness with other mindfulness interventions and why loving‐kindness should be an effective therapeutic technique, we present a typology of mindfulness states and the Nodal Network Model (NNM) of Affect and Affect Regulation. We argue that mindfulness techniques such as loving‐kindness are therapeutic for refugees and minority populations because of their potential for increasing emotional flexibility, decreasing rumination, serving as emotional regulation techniques, and forming part of a new adaptive processing mode centered on psychological flexibility. We present a case to illustrate the clinical use of loving‐kindness within the context of CA‐CBT.
Insights into magma and fluid transfer at Mount Etna by a multiparametric approach: A model of the events leading to the 2011 eruptive cycle
Authors: Patanè D. , Aiuppa A. , Aloisi M. , Behncke B. , Cannata A. , Coltelli M. , Di Grazia G. , Gambino S. , Gurrieri S. , Mattia M. , Salerno G.
Published: June 2013

Since the second half of the 1990s, the eruptive activity of Mount Etna has provided evidence that both explosive and effusive eruptions display periodic variations in discharge and eruption style. In this work, a multiparametric approach, consisting of comparing volcanological, geophysical, and geochemical data, was applied to explore the volcano's dynamics during 2009–2011. In particular, temporal and/or spatial variations of seismicity (volcano‐tectonic earthquakes, volcanic tremor, and long‐period and very long period events), ground deformation (GPS and tiltmeter data), and geochemistry (SO2 flux, CO2 flux, CO2/SO2 ratio) were studied to understand the volcanic activity, as well as to investigate magma movement in both deep and shallow portions of the plumbing system, feeding the 2011 eruptive period. After the volcano deflation, accompanying the onset of the 2008–2009 eruption, a new recharging phase began in August 2008. This new volcanic cycle evolved from an initial recharge phase of the intermediate‐shallower plumbing system and inflation, followed by (i) accelerated displacement in the volcano's eastern flank since April 2009 and (ii) renewal of summit volcanic activity during the second half of 2010, culminating in 2011 in a cyclic eruptive behavior with 18 lava fountains from New Southeast Crater (NSEC). Furthermore, supported by the geochemical data, the inversion of ground deformation GPS data and the locations of the tremor sources are used here to constrain both the area and the depth range of magma degassing, allowing reconstructing the intermediate and shallow storage zones feeding the 2011 cyclic fountaining NSEC activity.
Systematic bias in surgeons' predictions of the donor-specific risk of liver transplant graft failure
Authors: Volk Michael L. , Roney Meghan , Merion Robert M.
Published: June 2013

The decision to accept or decline a liver allograft for a patient on the transplant waiting list is complex. We hypothesized that surgeons are not accurate at predicting donor-specific risks. Surgeon members of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons were invited to complete a survey in which they predicted the 3-year risk of graft failure for a 53-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis and a Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score of 21 with a liver from (1) a 30-year-old local donor with traumatic brain death or (2) a 64-year-old regional donor with brain death from a stroke. Complete responses were obtained from 201 surgeons, whose self-reported case volume represents the majority of liver transplants in the United States. The surgeon-predicted 3-year risk of graft failure varied widely (more than 10-fold). In scenario 1, 90% of the respondents provided lower estimates of the graft failure risk than the literature-derived estimate of 21% (P < 0.001). In scenario 2, 96% of the responses were lower than the literature-derived estimate of 40% (P < 0.001). In conclusion, transplant surgeons vary widely in their predictions of the donor-specific risk of graft failure, and they demonstrate a systematic bias toward inaccurately low estimates of graft failure, particularly for higher risk organs. Liver Transpl 19:987–990, 2013. © 2013 AASLD.
Reply to the discussion by Conti R., De Sanctis L. and Viggiani G.M.B. on ‘Influence of diaphragm wall installation on the numerical analysis of deep excavation’ by Burlon S., Mroueh H. & Shahrour I.
Authors: Burlon S. , Mroueh H. , Shahrour I.
Published: June 2013

The authors thank the discussers R.Conti, L.De Sanctis and G.M.B.Viggiani for their interest to the paper entitled ‘Influence of diaphragm wall installation on the numerical analysis of deep excavation’ and for providing the opportunity to submit additional information to clarify some issues. The authors broadly agree with the comments which deal with three main aspects of the paper: presence of water and type of analysis, constitutive modelling and numerical strategies.

The present reply addresses some additional issues that the discussers find not clear on the original paper submitted by the writers. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Placing Transnational Migrants through Comparative Research: British Migrant Belonging in Five GCC Cities
Authors: Walsh Katie
Published: June 2013

There is an emerging body of work analysing the significance of contemporary British migration flows and practices, much of which has consisted of single‐site, in‐depth ethnographies in particular (global) cities. As a result, attention has been directed towards the diversity evident within British migrant ‘communities’, and these studies have tended to emphasise similarities across space and continuities over time in the reproduction of British migrant belonging. In this paper, I assert the importance of comparative analysis of transnational migration in multiple sites to examine the significance of context in the making of migrant belonging. Drawing on preliminary fieldwork from five cities in the Gulf Cooperation Council states of the Persian Gulf, I provide evidence of the place‐specific heterogeneity that has arisen in the discourses of migrant belonging among British transnational migrants. The analysis focuses on three contextual factors that matter most among these particular migrants in these specific cities: firstly, the ratio of migrants to nationals; secondly, the migration history; and, thirdly, the speed and extent of urban transformation. The findings suggest that comparative research is vital in our efforts to understand transnational migrant belonging and that it can be a particularly useful methodological tool in elucidating the emplacement of transnational migrants. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Terahertz excitations of lambda systems in a semiconductor microcavity
Authors: Klettke A. C. , Kira M. , Koch S. W. , Tomaino J. L. , Jameson A. D. , Lee Y.‐S. , Khitrova G. , Gibbs H. M.
Published: June 2013

Recent experiment‐theory investigations have demonstrated that the 2p‐exciton state and the polariton resonances of a semiconductor quantum‐well (QW) microcavity form a lambda (Λ) system where a terahertz (THz) field can selectively couple to either of the transitionallowed arms. However, semiconductors are open systems because seemingly isolated states are coupled to the continuum of states, either directly or via Coulomb or phonon scattering.

A systematic theory is presented to treat these effects in a Λ system and in a two‐level system (TLS) described by the 1s‐to‐2p exciton transition in a semiconductor QW, without the microcavity. Excitonic occupations of polarization are analyzed as function of THz‐field frequency and intensity with (Λ system) and without (TLS) cavity. Even though the existence of Λ and TLS resonances is verified, significant deviations are observed at higher THz intensities, as higher ionized exciton states are generated via multi‐THz‐photon absorption.
A Generalized Likelihood Ratio Chart for Monitoring Bernoulli Processes
Authors: Huang Wandi , Wang Sai , Reynolds Marion R.
Published: June 2013

This paper considers the problem of monitoring the proportionpof nonconforming items when a continuous stream of Bernoulli observations is available and the objective is to effectively detect a wide range of increases inp. The proposed control chart is based on a generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) statistic obtained from a moving window of past Bernoulli observations. The Phase II performance of this chart in detecting sustained increases inpis evaluated using the steady state average number of observations to signal. Comparisons of the Bernoulli GLR chart to the Shewhart CCC‐rchart, the Bernoulli cumulative sum chart, and the Bernoulli exponentially weighted moving average chart show that the overall performance of the Bernoulli GLR chart is better than its competitors. In addition, methods are provided for designing the Bernoulli GLR chart so that this chart can be easily applied in practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reliability Prediction Based on Variation Mode and Effect Analysis
Authors: Pavasson Jonas , Cronholm Kent , Strand Henrik , Karlberg Magnus
Published: June 2013

The possibility of predicting the reliability of hardware for both components and systems is important in engineering design. Today, there are several methods for predicting the reliability of hardware systems and for identifying the causes of failure and failure modes, for example, fault tree analysis and failure mode and effect analysis.

Many failures are caused by variations resulting in a substantial effect on safety or functional requirements. To identify, to assess and to manage unwanted sources of variation, a method called probabilistic variation mode and effect analysis (VMEA) has been developed. With a prescribed reliability, VMEA can be used to derive safety factors in different applications. However, there are few reports on how to derive the reliability based on probabilistic VMEA, especially for transmission clutch shafts.

Hence, the objective of this article was to show how to derive system reliability based on probabilistic VMEA. In particular, wheel loader automatic transmission clutch shaft reliability is investigated to show how different sources of variation affect reliability.

In this article, a new method for predicting system reliability based on probabilistic VMEA is proposed. The method is further verified by a case study on a clutch shaft. It is shown that the reliability of the clutch shaft was close to 1.0 and that the most significant variation contribution was due to mean radius of the friction surface and friction of the disc. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear Profile Monitoring of Reflow Process Data Based on the Sum of Sine Functions
Authors: Fan Shu‐Kai S. , Chang Yuan‐Jung , Aidara Nafy
Published: June 2013

In most statistical process control (SPC) applications, it is often assumed that the quality of a process or product can be adequately represented by the distribution of a univariate quality characteristic. However, in some particular situations, the quality‐related response of interest is not a single variable but a function of some independent variables. Such a functional relationship is called a profile. Recently, profile monitoring has drawn considerable attention in the statistical process control literature. This article proposes a new approach for the reflow process data, which applies the sum of sine functions to model the nonlinear profiles and then the vector of parameter estimates is monitored using the Hotelling T2 and metric control charts. Through an actual data set of the reflow process, the proposed approach is compared with the polynomial regression approach in phase I and phase II analyses. The experimental results show that the proposed approach demonstrates good abilities to detect outlying profiles in phase I and provides better out‐of‐control average run length performances than the polynomial regression approach in phase II. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Use of Probability Limits of COM–Poisson Charts and their Applications
Authors: Saghir Aamir , Lin Zhengyan , Abbasi Saddam Akber , Ahmad Shabbir
Published: June 2013

The conventional c and u charts are based on the Poisson distribution assumption for the monitoring of count data. In practice, this assumption is not often satisfied, which requires a generalized control chart to monitor both over‐dispersed as well as under‐dispersed count data. The Conway–Maxwell–Poisson (COM–Poisson) distribution is a general count distribution that relaxes the equi‐dispersion assumption of the Poisson distribution and in fact encompasses the special cases of the Poisson, geometric, and Bernoulli distributions. In this study, the exact k‐sigma limits and true probability limits for COM–Poisson distribution chart have been proposed. The comparison between the 3‐sigma limits, the exact k‐sigma limits, and the true probability limits has been investigated, and it was found that the probability limits are more efficient than the 3‐sigma and the k‐sigma limits in terms of (i) low probability of false alarm, (ii) existence of lower control limits, and (iii) high discriminatory power of detecting a shift in the parameter (particularly downward shift). Finally, a real data set has been presented to illustrate the application of the probability limits in practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Response Surface Methodology for Modeling Time Series Response Data
Authors: Storm Scott M. , Hill Raymond R. , Pignatiello Joseph J.
Published: June 2013

This article introduces extensions to classical response surface methods specifically for modeling and exploiting time series response data such as found in aircraft flight test. Classical response surface methods focus on the analysis of discrete response data. In some complex, nonlinear systems, analysts are concerned with the behavior of time series response data. To date, there does not appear to be any formal methods for examining and exploiting these data within a response surface framework. Thus, a mathematical framework is defined and then demonstrated through a sample analysis of empirical flight test data. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Constraint‐based Maximum Entropy Sampling Method for Kriging Models in Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Yeom Dong Ho , Bae Suk Joo
Published: June 2013

A metamodel replaces the simulation model with an approximation model to make design optimization computationally achievable. The accuracy of a metamodel depends highly on the choice of sampling points. This article proposes a constraint‐based maximum entropy sampling method that locates most sampling points within a feasible constraint domain represented as a complex nonlinear function. As a robust measure of information, a maximum entropy criterion is used to select sampling points for constructing the Kriging model. The violation ratio from the feasible domain is incorporated into the covariance function in the Kriging model. The constraint‐based maximum entropy sampling method is applied to reduce the weight of a bipolar plate in a vanadium redox battery by optimizing its channel design. The proposed sampling method rapidly approximates the boundary of the feasible domain with a relatively small number of sampling points. Final optimal design results for the plate channel using the proposed method indicate a significant reduction in the plate weight compared with the existing bipolar plate design. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Supplier Selection Critical Decision Values for Processes with Multiple Independent Lines
Authors: Pearn W. L. , Wu C. H.
Published: June 2013

The process yield is the most common criterion considered for decision making in supplier selection problem. For normally distributed processes with multiple independent lines, the index provides an exact measurement for the overall yield. Therefore, the index can be implemented to deal with the supplier selection problem with processes having multiple independent lines. In this article, a test statistic obtained by a division method is employed to establish a hypothesis testing procedure, with two phases, which is developed to determine whether two suppliers are equally capable or not. The sampling distribution and the probability density function of the test statistic are derived. For various minimum requirements of process capability, number of lines, sample sizes, magnitudes of the difference between the two suppliers and the type I error, the critical values for decision making are presented. The required sample sizes for various designated powers at given type I error are tabulated. A thin‐film transistor type liquid‐crystal display application example is provided to demonstrate the testing procedure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonparametric Progressive Mean Control Chart for Monitoring Process Target
Authors: Abbasi Saddam Akber , Miller Arden , Riaz Muhammad
Published: June 2013

Nonparametric control charts are widely used when the parametric distribution of the quality characteristic of interest is questionable. In this study, we proposed a nonparametric progressive mean control chart, namely the nonparametric progressive mean chart, for efficient detection of disturbances in process location or target. The proposed chart is compared with the recently proposed nonparametric exponentially weighted moving average and nonparametric cumulative sum charts using different run length characteristics such as the average run length, standard deviation of the run length, and the percentile points of the run length distribution. The comparisons revealed that the proposed chart outperformed recent nonparametric exponentially weighted moving average and nonparametric cumulative sum charts, in terms of detecting the shifts in process target. A real life example concerning the fill heights of soft drink beverage bottles is also provided to illustrate the application of the proposed nonparametric control chart. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of the Shape Parameter of the Weibull Distribution Using Linear Regression Methods: Non‐Censored Samples
Authors: Yavuz Arzu Altin
Published: June 2013

The two‐parameter Weibull distribution is one of the most widely applied probability distributions, particularly in reliability and lifetime modelings. Correct estimation of the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution plays a central role in these areas of statistical analysis. Many different methods can be used to estimate this parameter, most of which utilize regression methods. In this paper, we presented various regression methods for estimating the Weibull shape parameter and an experimental study using classical regression methods to compare the results of the methods. A complete list of the parameter estimators considered in this study is as follows: ordinary least squares (OLS), weighted least squares (WLS, Bergman, F&T, Lu), non‐parametric robust Theil's (Theil) and weighted Theil's (WeTheil), robust Winsorized least squares (WinLS), and M‐estimators (Huber, Andrew, Tukey, Cauchy, Welsch, Hampel and Logistic). Estimator performances were compared based on bias and mean square error criteria using Monte‐Carlo simulations. The simulation results demonstrated that for small, complete, and non‐outlier data sets, the Bergman, F&T, and Lu estimators are more efficient than the others. When the data set contains one or two outliers in the X direction, Theil is the most efficient estimator. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microstructure of metallic copper nanoparticles/metallic disc interface in metal–metal bonding using them
Authors: Kobayashi Yoshio , Shirochi Tsukasa , Maeda Takafumi , Yasuda Yusuke , Morita Toshiaki
Published: June 2013

This paper describes a metal–metal bonding technique using metallic Cu nanoparticles prepared in aqueous solution. A colloid solution of metallic Cu particles with a size of 54 ± 15 nm was prepared by reducing Cu2+ (0.01 M (CH3COO)2Cu) with hydrazine (0.6 M) in the presence of stabilizers (5 × 10−4 M citric acid and 5 × 10−3 M cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) in water at room temperature in air. Discs made of metallic materials (Cu, Ni/Cu, or Ag/Ni/Cu) were successfully bonded under annealing at 400 °C and pressurizing at 1.2 MPa for 5 min in H2 gas with help of the metallic Cu particle powder. Shear strength required for separating the bonded discs was 27.9 ± 3.9 for Cu discs, 28.1 ± 4.1 for Ni/Cu discs, and 13.8 ± 2.6 MPa for Ag/Ni/Cu discs. Epitaxial crystal growth promotes on the discs with a good matching for the lattice constants between metallic nanoparticles and metallic disc surfaces, which leads to strong bonding. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Color Generation and Refractive Index Sensing Using Diffraction from 2D Silicon Nanowire Arrays
Authors: Walia Jaspreet , Dhindsa Navneet , Khorasaninejad Mohammadreza , Saini Simarjeet Singh
Published: June 2013

Tunable structural color generation from vertical silicon nanowires arranged in different square lattices is demonstrated. The generated colors are adjustable using well‐defined Bragg diffraction theory, and only depend on the lattice spacing and angles of incidence. Vivid colors spanning from bright red to blue are easily achieved. In keeping with this, a single square lattice of silicon nanowires is also able to produce different colors spanning the entire visible range. It is also shown that the 2D gratings also have a third grating direction when rotated 45 degrees. These simple and elegant solutions to color generation from silicon are used to demonstrate a cost‐effective refractive index sensor. The sensor works by measuring color changes resulting from changes in the refractive index of the medium surrounding the nanowires using a trichromatic RGB decomposition. Moreover, the sensor produces linear responses in the trichromatic decomposition values versus the surrounding medium index. An index resolution of 10−4 is achieved by performing basic image processing on the collected images, without the need for a laser or a spectrometer. Spectral analysis enables an increase in the index resolution of the sensor to a value of 10−6, with a sensitivity of 400 nm/RIU.
Optimization of Blast Furnace Productivity Coupled with CO2 Emissions Reduction
Authors: Cavaliere Pasquale , Perrone Angelo
Published: June 2013

Blast furnace represents the dominant hot metal making production process worldwide and one of the main energy consuming processes. Modern research in the field focuses on the increase in plant productivity through energy saving and on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions compatible with legal limits. Productivity is governed mainly by relevant input parameters such as materials rates, materials properties, and operating conditions. All the dominant input parameters and their variations have been analyzed in the present study and they have been optimized in order to increase plant productivity and reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. The raw materials quality analyses was largely taken into account especially with regard to sinter and coke quality. The reducibility of raw materials was demonstrated to largely influence plant efficiency. The study suggests new solutions in all processing parameters in order to improve plant productivity and to reduce the dangerous emissions.
Control of Stringer Shaped Non‐Metallic Inclusions of CaO–Al2O3 System in API X80 Linepipe Steel Plates
Authors: Wang Xinhua , Li Xiugang , Li Qiang , Huang Fuxiang , Li Haibo , Yang Jian
Published: June 2013

The stringer shaped B type non‐metallic inclusions in linepipe steel plates deteriorates the properties of low temperature toughness, hydrogen induced crack, etc. At present the formation mechanism and controlling method of B type inclusions in mass production are rarely reported. In this paper, the characteristics, origin, and controlling method of stringer shaped B type non‐metallic inclusions were studied for linepipe steel. The stringer shaped B type non‐metallic inclusions in API X80 linepipe steel plates, produced through “BOF‐LF‐RH‐Ca treatment” steelmaking route, were mainly of CaO–Al2O3 system with lower melting temperatures, which formed because the presence of: (i) small sized liquid inclusions of CaO–Al2O3 system in liquid steel after the secondary refining and Ca treatment. These small inclusions could aggregate to larger ones of 10–20 μm in continuous casting and be deformed into stringer shaped inclusions in steel plates during rolling. (ii) The large sized low melting temperature CaO–Al2O3 inclusions, in Ca treatment, their surface layers could be modified into high melting temperature CaO, CaS, or CaO–CaS system, but the centers were still of CaO–Al2O3 system. During rolling, these inclusions could also be elongated to stringer typed ones because of their soft CaO–Al2O3 centers. A new strategy for control of B type inclusions in linepipe steel plates was adopted. The key of the control was shifted from removing low melting temperature inclusions of CaO–Al2O3 system after Ca treatment to removing as much as possible inclusions especially large sized inclusions before the Ca treatment. With the new strategy, amount of inclusions after RH refining was remarkably decreased and the efficiency of Ca treatment significantly improved. The inclusions found in steel plates were all of high melting temperature CaO–CaS system and the severities of B‐type inclusions have been lowered from “≤2.0” to “0”(ASTM E45 standard).
Challenges of Assessment in Student Affairs
Authors: Blimling Gregory S.
Published: June 2013

This chapter focuses on how the climate of accountability in higher education is compelling student affairs organizations to develop comprehensive assessment programs, the challenges faced in creating those programs, and ways student affairs professionals can meet those challenges.
Using the CAS Standards in Assessment Projects
Authors: Dean Laura A.
Published: June 2013

This chapter provides an overview of the use of professional standards of practice in assessment and of the Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education (CAS). It outlines a model for conducting program self‐studies and discusses the importance of implementing change based on assessment results.
The Development of Progress Plans Using a Performance‐Based Expert Judgment Model to Assess Technical Performance and Risk
Authors: Eggstaff Justin W. , Mazzuchi Thomas A. , Sarkani Shahram
Published: June 2013

Systems engineers are routinely tasked with facilitating the delicate balance between cost, schedule, and technical performance in acquisition programs that are continuously subjected to various outside influences. While there are several quantitative methods to estimate acquisition program cost and schedule performance as well as identify their risks (e.g., Earned Value Management), the estimation of technical performance and technical risk is generally heuristic in nature. In order to monitor the progress of thetechnicalaspects of an acquisition program, the systems engineering discipline utilizes the process of tracking Technical Measures to gain insight into the design and development, to assess risks and issues, and to evaluate the likelihood of realizing objectives. However, with the diversity of so many technical programs, the estimation and risk analysis of technical performance in technology acquisition programs rely on the opinions of experts because the identification and application of relevant quantitative data for constructive modeling is not practical. The Expert‐weighted Technical Risk Index methodology proposed in this article introduces a well‐established method for mathematically combining expert judgment into the realm of systems engineering to develop predictive progress plans for technical performance estimation and risk analysis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 17
Sociocultural Integration in Mergers and Acquisitions: Unresolved Paradoxes and Directions for Future Research
Authors: Stahl Günter K. , Angwin Duncan N. , Very Philippe , Gomes Emanuel , Weber Yaakov , Tarba Shlomo Yedidia , Noorderhaven Niels , Benyamini Haim , Bouckenooghe Dave , Chreim Samia , Durand Muriel , Hassett Mélanie E. , Kokk Gary , Mendenhall Mark E. , Mirc Nicola , Miska Christof , Park Kathleen Marshall , Reynolds Noelia‐Sarah , Rouzies Audrey , Sarala Riikka M. , Seloti Sergio Luis , Søndergaard Mikael , Yildiz H. Emre
Published: June 2013

Despite decades of research, the key factors for success in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and the reasons why M&As often fail remain poorly understood. While attempts to explain M&A success and failure have traditionally focused on strategic and financial factors, an emergent field of inquiry has been directed at the sociocultural and human resources issues involved in the integration of acquired or merging firms. This research has sought to explain M&A performance and underperformance in terms of the impact that variables such as cultural fit, management style similarity, the pattern of dominance between merging firms, the acquirer's degree of cultural tolerance, and the social climate surrounding a takeover have on the postmerger integration process. In this article, we attempt to take stock of, and synthesize, the findings from research on sociocultural and human resources integration in M&A, to identify conflicting perspectives and unresolved questions as well as several underresearched areas, and then use our analyses to propose an agenda for the next stage of research in this field. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multiple Levels of Culture and Post M&A Integration: A Suggested Theoretical Framework
Authors: Viegas‐Pires Michaël
Published: June 2013

A substantive body of research suggests that cultural differences represent impediments to merger and acquisition (M&A) integration. Yet current findings on the subject differ in terms of the impact of cultural differences. To date, M&A research has failed to capture the diversity of cultural influences that affect merging organizations. This conceptual article addresses this theoretical gap. Its purpose is to suggest a theoretical model of the culture‐integration relationship. This model helps explain the inconsistent results of previous studies, and provides challenging opportunities for future research. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
1, 2,4, 5‐Benzenetetracarboxylate and Bis(pyridyl)‐1, 2,4‐triazolate as Co‐ligands in Zinc(II) Complexes: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Liu Jian‐Fang , Huang Fu‐Ping , Bian He‐Dong , Yu Qing
Published: June 2013

Based on 1, 2,4, 5‐benzenetetracarboxylate acid (H4L), and mixed with bis(pyridyl)‐1, 2,4‐triazolate ligands, two novel 3D zinc(II) coordination polymers [Zn3(L)(3, 4′‐bpt)2] (1) [3, 4′‐Hbpt = 1H‐3‐(3‐pyridyl)‐5‐(4‐pyridyl)‐1, 2,4‐triazole] and [Zn4(OH)2(L)(4, 4′‐bpt)2]·2H2O (2) [4, 4′‐Hbpt = 1H‐3, 5‐bis(4‐pyridyl)‐1, 2,4‐triazole] were synthesized and characterized by X‐ray crystallography, elemental analysis, and IR spectroscopy. The topological analysis results reveal that 1 can be simplified to a trinodal (3, 4,10) topology with the short Schläﬂi symbol of (43)(44·62)(418·624·83) and a novel (3, 4,5)‐connected topology with (63)(42·84)(4·63·86) symbol for 2, respectively. Thermogravimetric properties of 1 and 2 were also measured. In addition, the luminescent properties of 1 and 2 were investigated in the solid state at room temperature.
On large‐time energy concentration in solutions to the Navier‐Stokes equations in the whole 3D space
Authors: Skalák Z.
Published: June 2013

In the first part of the paper we study the large‐time behavior of the higher‐order space derivatives of solutions to the Navier‐Stokes equations in ℝ3. Specifically, we show that if w is a nonzero global weak solution to the Navier‐Stokes equations satisfying the strong energy inequality and 0 < α < β < ∞, then there exist C = C(α,β) > 1, δ0 = δ0(α,β) ∈ (0,1) and t0 = t0(α,β) > 0 such that

for every t > t0 and every δ ∈ [0,δ0]. A denotes the Stokes operator and Aβ its powers. In the second part of the paper we derive several consequences of the above inequality concerning the large‐time energy concentration in w; we show, for example, that for any positive ε and α

where a = lim{t → ∞ ||A1/2w(t)||2/||w(t)||2 is a nonnegative real number and F denotes the Fourier transform in L2(ℝ3)3. If 0 < \varepsilonε < a, then
Modeling the saturation process of flows through rigid porous media by the solution of a nonlinear hyperbolic system with one constrained unknown
Authors: Saldanha da Gama R.M. , Pedrosa Filho J.J. , Martins‐Costa M.L.
Published: June 2013

This work proposes a mathematical model to study the filling up of an unsaturated rigid porous medium by a liquid identifying the transition from unsaturated to saturated flow. The mechanical model employs a mixture theory approach – in which the mixture consists of three overlapping continuous constituents, representing the porous matrix (solid constituent), the incompressible fluid (liquid constituent) and an inert gas constituent included to account for its compressibility. The mathematical description gives rise to a nonlinear hyperbolic system in which the fluid fraction must satisfy an inequality – an upper bound – in order to be physically realistic. The model introduced in this work accounts for the physical upper bound of the fluid fraction (and the saturation) that depends on the volume of the pores. The complete solution of a Riemann problem associated to the system of conservation laws satisfying the constraint given by the saturation upper bound is presented.
Non‐linear analysis of moderately thick laminated plates and shell panels under thermo‐mechanical loadings
Authors: Maleki S. , Tahani M.
Published: June 2013

Non‐linear bending analysis of moderately thick laminated plates and cylindrical panels with various thermo‐mechanical loadings and boundary conditions is presented using generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method together with the Newton‐Raphson iterative scheme. Different symmetric and asymmetric lamination sequences together with various combinations of clamped, simply supported and free boundary conditions are considered. Assuming the effects of shear deformation and initial curvature, based on the first‐order shear deformation theory (FSDT) and von Kármán‐type of geometric non‐linearity, the governing system of equations is obtained. This system includes thirteen non‐linear partial differential equations (PDEs) in terms of unknown displacements, rotations, forces and moments. The solution domain, governing equations and related boundary conditions are then discretized based on the GDQ technique. It is observed that the method provides reasonably accurate results with relatively small number of grid points. Comparisons of the predictions with results of finite element analyses show very good agreement. More results for panels with particular boundary conditions are presented for future references.
Bilinear control of Toeplitz formations
Authors: Rüppel F. , Helmke U.
Published: June 2013

We investigate controllability properties of bilinear control systems, defined by classes of Toeplitz matrices. It is shown that the Lie algebra of all pseudo‐circulant matrices coincides with the full matrix Lie algebra. This implies the controllability of associated bilinear control systems. As a by‐product we deduce that every complex invertible matrix is the finite product of invertible Toeplitz matrices; moreover, every complex unitary matrix is shown to be a finite product of complex unitary Toeplitz matrices.
Asymptotic analysis of 3‐D thin piezoelectric rods
Authors: Leugering G. , Nazarov S.A. , Slutskij A.S.
Published: June 2013

We derive an asymptotic one‐dimensional model of a thin piezoelectric rod by means of a dimension reduction procedure. The rod is made from a heterogeneous material with a possibly varying cross‐section and distorted ends. Asymptotically exact error estimates are derived. Representation formulas for effective moduli are established and, for a concrete piezoelectric material, we provide an explicit form.
Parameter re‐identification in nanoindentation problems of viscoelastic polymer layers: small deformation
Authors: Chen Z. , Diebels S.
Published: June 2013

Recently, nanoindentation became a new but all the same a primary testing technique of thin layers. A wide application of nanoindentation in polymeric layers is obstructed by the analysis method, which is used to extract the rate‐dependent properties. In the present paper, the inverse method based on the finite element simulation and numerical optimisation is used to characterise the viscoelastic properties of polymers from nanoindentation. First of all, the boundary value problems using nanoindentation of polymer layers considering real geometry, is simulated with the FE code ABAQUS®. A linear viscoelastic model for small strain, based on a general Maxwell rheological model is currently applied to describe the rate‐dependent material behaviour. The rate‐dependent properties of the polymer layer under nanoindentation is investigated with various loading histories: cyclic testing, single step relaxation, monotonic testing, and sinusoidal oscillatory testing. A parameter re‐identification strategy offers a deep insight into the relationship between the accuracy of identification and the loading history associated with the rate‐dependent material model. A method to choose a suitable loading history to identify the parameters more accurately is recommended.
Buckling analysis of sandwich plates with functionally graded skins using a new quasi‐3D hyperbolic sine shear deformation theory and collocation with radial basis functions
Authors: Neves A.M.A. , Ferreira A.J.M. , Carrera E. , Cinefra M. , Jorge R.M.N. , Soares C.M.M.
Published: June 2013

A hyperbolic sine shear deformation theory is used for the linear buckling analysis of functionally graded plates. The theory accounts for through‐the‐thickness deformations. The buckling governing equations and boundary conditions are derived using Carrera's Unified Formulation and further interpolated by collocation with radial basis functions. The collocation method is truly meshless, allowing a fast and simple discretization of equations in the domain and on the boundary. A numerical investigation has been conducted considering and neglecting the thickness stretching effects on the buckling of sandwich plates with functionally graded skins. Numerical results demonstrate the high accuracy of the present approach.
Spectral WENO schemes with Adaptive Mesh Refinement for models of polydisperse sedimentation
Authors: Bürger R. , Mulet P. , Villada L.M.
Published: June 2013

The sedimentation of a polydisperse suspension with particles belonging to N size classes (species) can be described by a system of N nonlinear, strongly coupled scalar first‐order conservation laws. Its solutions usually exhibit kinematic shocks separating areas of different composition. Based on the so‐called secular equation [J. Anderson, Lin. Alg. Appl. 246, 49–70 (1996)], which provides access to the spectral decomposition of the Jacobian of the flux vector for this class of models, Bürger et al. [J. Comput. Phys. 230, 2322–2344 (2011)] proposed a spectral weighted essentially non‐oscillatory (WENO) scheme for the numerical solution of the model. It is demonstrated that the efficiency of this scheme can be improved by the technique of Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR), which concentrates computational effort on zones of strong variation. Numerical experiments for the cases N = 4 and N = 7 are presented.
An infinite element for the solution of Galbrun equation
Authors: Retka S. , Marburg S.
Published: June 2013

In this article we present a method for the three‐dimensional numerical simulation of the propagation of acoustic radiation inside and in the near field of long, slender, and hollow objects. While the fluid inside and close to the radiating body is meshed by Taylor‐Hood tetrahedral finite elements, complex conjugated Astley‐Leis infinite elements are added on the outer finite element boundary to present the effects in the far field. Flow is considered in the modal analysis, with the goal to determine the influence a moving fluid has on the eigenfrequencies of the model. Galbrun equation in a mixed, meaning pressure and displacement based, formulation is used for the numerical realization and its weak form is presented for the finite element domain as well as for the infinite element domain.
Localized vibrations of a thin‐walled structure consisted of orthotropic elastic non‐closed cylindrical shells with free and rigid‐clamped edge generators
Authors: Ghulghazaryan G.R. , Ghulghazaryan R.G. , Srapionyan Dg.L.
Published: June 2013

The problem of existence of localized natural vibrations of an elastic orthotropic solid thin‐walled structure consisted of identical circular non‐closed infinite (finite) cylindrical shells with free and rigid‐clamped boundary conditions at the edge generators is studied. In the case of finite cylindrical shells the boundary directional curves are hinge‐mounted. Using the system of equations of the related classical theory of orthotropic cylindrical shells, dispersion equations, and asymptotic formulae for determining the eigenfrequencies of possible vibration types of the corresponding thin‐walled structures are derived. An algorithm for separating the possible vibrations is presented. Approximate values of dimensionless characteristics of eigenfrequencies and damping characteristics of the related vibration forms are given for the cases of orthotropic solid thin‐walled structures constructed of different number of identical circular non‐closed finite cylindrical shells. Comparative study of the approximate method given in this paper with the Abramov's method of transfer with orthogonalization confirmed the correctness and effectiveness of the approximate method.
On Cosserat–Bingham fluids
Authors: Shelukhin V.V. , Ružička M.
Published: June 2013

We formulate constitutive laws for micro‐polar visco‐plastic fluids which support yield stresses. The material is shown to be a generalization of Bingham and Herschel–Bulkley fluids in which local micro‐rotations are taken into account. In contrast to the classical visco‐plastic fluids, micro‐polar visco‐plastic fluids support two types of plug zones. To illustrate the derived equations, we consider a pressure driven flow between two parallel planes.
Multi‐scale modelling of elastic/viscoelastic compounds
Authors: Schüler T. , Manke R. , Jänicke R. , Radenberg M. , Steeb H.
Published: June 2013

The present contribution is concerned with the requirements of an efficient multi‐scale modelling approach for elastic/viscoelastic compounds such as bituminous asphalt concrete. Typically, this heterogeneous composite material consist of a mineral filler (e.g. crushed rock), a bituminous binding agent, pores and further additives. The contrast in stiffness between the different is extremely high and accounts for several orders of magnitude. Prediction of effective mechanical properties of such complex materials on the macroscopic level requires a detailed knowledge of the micro‐scale behaviour of the particular constituents. In this study, we will focus on modelling aspects due to upscaling routines based on volume averaging. Particularly, we will show that the choice of micro‐level boundary conditions not only influences the effective stiffness of the viscoelastic substitute material (upper/lower limit), but also the viscous contribution to the macro‐model (shift of maximal attenuation in frequency space). In order to study these fundamental homogenization properties, we introduce a simplified compound consisting of homogeneous viscoelastic binder phase and spherical filler particles with a volume fraction low compared to realistic asphalt concrete. Depending on the chosen boundary condition, stress‐relaxation and creep tests are considered. After transformation of the effective stress‐strain‐relations from time‐ to frequency space, the viscoelastic properties of the compound will be discussed in frequency domain.