bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Psychiatric Readmission Causes and Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Kazemi Fatemeh , Rajabi Mostafa , Hashemi Seyedeh Zahra , Mirzadeh Monirsadat , Zahedian Faezeh
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Readmission after discharge is recognized as one of the major indicators of the quality of care provided in hospitals. Recurrent hospitalization is common among patients in psychiatric wards and is caused by a myriad of factors. The present study aimed to identify the causes of readmission and associated risk factors in patients with a history of recurrent hospitalization in 22 Bahman Psychiatric Hospital in Qazvin, Iran.

Methods:

This retrospective cross-sectional study was performed by the census method in Psychiatric Hospital in Qazvin, Iran, on all the patients who were admitted at least three times from 2015 to 2019. The following data were extracted from patient profiles using certain checklists: age, gender, educational level, residential location, occupation, marital status, clinical diagnosis, number of hospitalizations, duration of disease, intervals between admissions, substance abuse, regular outpatient visits, and regular use of medications. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22). A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

The current study was conducted on 182 patients with a history of readmission who were selected by the census method. The majority of subjects (n = 131) were male, and their mean age score was reported as 39.96 ± 10.41 years. Furthermore, the most frequent clinical diagnosis based on which the patients were admitted included bipolar I disorder (manic phase) (29.7%) and schizophrenia (22.2%), respectively. The number of hospitalizations was significantly correlated with education level (0.013), marital status (0.012), residential location (0.049), intervals between admissions (0.009), follow-up pattern (<0.001), and treatment pattern (<0.001).

Conclusion:

As evidenced by the results of the present study, clinical diagnosis, education level, marital status, residential location, intervals between admissions, treatment patterns, and follow-up patterns of patients were effective in the frequency of recurrent hospitalization in patients with mental disorders.
Functional Disability among Middle-aged Adults in India
Authors: Peltzer Karl
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

There is a lack of research in investigating functional disability (FD) among middle-aged populations. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and correlates of FD among middle-aged persons in India.

Methods:

The national cross-sectional sample consisted of 34,098 persons (45–59 years) from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India Wave 1 in 2017–2018. FD was assessed with difficulties of six items in activities in daily living (ADL) and seven items in instrumental activities in daily living (IADL).

Results:

The prevalence of 0 ADL/IADL was 70.7%, 1 ADL/IADL 10.4%, and 2 or more ADL/IADL 18.9%. The overall prevalence of ADL difficulty was 9.9% and IADL difficulty 26.5%. In the adjusted logistic regression analysis, older age (55–59 years) (adjusted relative risk ratio: 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23–1.70), having no education (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.54–2.07), poor or fair self-rated health status (AOR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.81–2.34), 2 or more chronic conditions (AOR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.39–2.01), insomnia symptoms (AOR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.57–2.20), major depressive disorder (AOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.39–1.99), physical pain (AOR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.22–1.65), poor distant vision (AOR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.17–1.62), hearing or ear problem (AOR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.10–1.74), falls (AOR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.15–1.55), and poor word recall (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.30–1.97) were positively associated with 2 or more ADL/IADL. In addition, male sex (AOR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.31–0.45), and urban residence (AOR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.58-0.84) were negatively associated with 2 or more ADL/IADL.

Conclusion:

Almost two in five middle-aged adults in India had 2 or more ADL/IADL and several associated factors were identified.
Using Occupational Therapy Process Addressing Sleep-Related Problems in Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Fan Chia-Wei , Drumheller Kathryn
Published: February 2024

Introduction:

Sleep is one of the main occupations defined in the occupational therapy (OT) Practice Framework-4.

Methods:

A survey link was sent to registered OT practitioners in Florida (N = 14,978) in September 2019 through E-mail addresses obtained from the Florida Department of Health website. A convenience sample of 213 OT practitioners responded; the majority were female (87%), with 56% reporting over 10 years of experience treating patients with neurological disorders. The person-environment-occupation-performance (PEOP) OT process provided the guiding framework for the proposed model. Spearman's rho correlation coefficients determined the correlations between the variables of interest. Regression coefficients attained through hierarchical ordinal logistic regression estimated the log odds between the variables.

Results:

Therapists who wrote more sleep-oriented goals were predicted to use a greater variety of sleep-related assessments (odds ratio [OR] = 1.256; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.171–1.347). Furthermore, a greater repertoire of sleep interventions was predicted when more types of sleep assessments were utilized (OR = 2.134 (95% CI = 1.750–2.602); more clients expressed sleep-related concerns to the OT practitioners (OR = 1.207; 95% CI = 1.044–1.395); and when the OT practitioners worked in a greater number of clinical settings (OR = 1.308; 95% CI = 1.113–1.539).

Conclusion:

The findings confirmed that the PEOP model might guide the OT service process when addressing sleep-related problems in neurorehabilitation. However, variations between settings and environmental facilitators/barriers may also play a role in sleep-related interventions.
Cryptosporidium and irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Alsaady Isra Mohammad
Published: February 2024

Cryptosporidium is an apicomplexan parasite that causes gastrointestinal disease in a wide variety of hosts and is associated with waterborne outbreaks. Nonetheless, the parasite is underdiagnosed. Cryptosporidium has been proposed as an etiological cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in several studies. However, the exact mechanism of pathogenesis is unknown, and no direct link has been discovered. This review will discuss several parasite-induced modifications, such as immunological, microbiome, and metabolite modifications, as well as their interactions. To summarize, Cryptosporidium causes low inflammation, dysbiosis, and unbalanced metabolism, which leads to a lack of homeostasis in the intestine in a comparable pattern to postinfectious IBS.
Centralized multicasting AODV routing protocol optimized for intermittent cognitive radio ad hoc networks
Authors: Phaswana Phetho , Nleya Sindiso M , Velempini Mthulisi
Published: February 2024

The advancement of wireless technology is affected by Spectrum scarcity and the overcrowding of free spectrum. Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks (CRAHNs) have emerged as a possible solution to both the scarcity and overcrowding challenges of the spectrum. The CRAHNs ensure that the Secondary Users (SUs) do co-exist with Primary Users (PUs) in a non-interfering manner. The SUs access the licensed spectrum opportunistically when they are idle. CRAHNs have many use cases which include intermittent networks here referred to as intermittent CRAHNs (ICRAHNs). For example, the Military (MCRAHNs). MCRAHN is complex and characterized by a dynamic topology which is subject to frequent partitioning and route breakages due to attacks and destruction in combat. This study optimizes the routing protocols for intermittent networks such as the MCRAHNs. ICRAHN routing is a challenge due to the network’s intermittent attribute, which is subject to destruction in the case of MCRAHN which is characterized by frequent link breakages. To better understand the routing in this network scenario, this paper presents two analytic models for the AODV and MAODV protocols based on queuing theory. The analytic models simulate unicast and multicast AODV in terms of factors such as queuing delay, throughput, and network scalability. Numerical analysis shows that MAODV outperforms AODV. Furthermore, the suggested routing protocols' performance was tested using network simulations utilizing the following metrics: throughput, Routing Path delay, Node Relay delay, and Spectrum Mobility delay. The simulation findings suggest that the MAODV protocol outperforms the AODV protocol.
On the Zaremba problem for the $p$-elliptic equation
Authors: Chechkina Aleksandra Grigor'evna
Published: February 2024

Higher integrability for the gradient of the solution to the Zaremba problem in a bounded strictly Lipschitz domain for the inhomogeneous $p$-elliptic equation is proved.
Bibliography 33 titles.
Traces of Sobolev spaces to irregular subsets of metric measure spaces
Authors: Tyulenev Alexander Ivanovich
Published: February 2024

Given $p \in (1,\infty)$, let $(\operatorname{X},\operatorname{d},\mu)$ be a metric measure space with uniformly locally doubling measure $\mu$ supporting a weak local $(1,p)$-Poincaré inequality. For each $\theta \in [0,p)$ we characterize the trace space of the Sobolev $W^{1}_{p}(\operatorname{X})$-space to lower $\theta$-codimensional content regular closed sets $S \subset \operatorname{X}$. In particular, if the space $(\operatorname{X},\operatorname{d},\mu)$ is Ahlfors $Q$-regular for some $Q \geq 1$ and $p \in (Q,\infty)$, then we obtain an intrinsic description of the trace-space of the Sobolev space $W^{1}_{p}(\operatorname{X})$ to arbitrary closed nonempty sets $S \subset \operatorname{X}$.
Bibliography: 43 titles.
Begomovirus Infection Patterns in Melons of Indonesian Lowlands: Growth Trends Among Ecosystems and Genotypes
Authors: Hadi Rizko , Hartono Sedyo , Daryono Budi Setiadi
Published: February 2024

Melon plants are challenged with diseases caused by begomovirus. To understand the epidemiology, ecology, and evolution of this genus, information about its temporal and spatial patterns of infection in specific ecosystems is needed. This paper aimed to report begomovirus infections in melon plants cultivated in greenhouse ecosystems under local climactic conditions in the Indonesian lowlands. To achieve this goal, we determined the begomovirus infection rates, plant physiological characteristics, and whitefly number. The data obtained were then analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation. We documented the symptoms of begomovirus infection in melon plants cultivated in Indonesian lowlands. We also documented begomovirus infections in melon plants, which increased from the first exposure to after the reproductive phase. In different artificial ecosystems, we explained differential patterns of begomovirus infections in melon plants. Finally, we captured the variation in infection conditions found among melon host genotypes.
Biodiversity of Mangrove Brachyuran Crabs of Family Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae in Koto XI Tarusan District, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Kamal Eni , Yuspardianto  , Wulandari Dwieke Putri , Fitriyani  , Lubis Amelia Sriwahyuni
Published: February 2024

The Mangrove ecosystem is an ecosystem that is around the edge of the coast and many organisms live in this ecosystem, one of them is crabs. The crabs that are often found are deposit crabs from the Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae families that act as balancers in the mangrove ecosystem. This study aimed to analyze species, diversity, evenness, and dominance in the mangrove vegetation area of Koto XI Tarusan District, West Sumatera, Indonesia. The method used is the descriptive method. The biodiversity of brachyuran crabs’ families, Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae, was analyzed with the Shannon-Wiener index (H’). Four indices were calculated for crabs Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae: species identification, Shannon-wiener (H’) diversity, evenness, and dominance indices. The results showed that there were six species of deposited crabs from the Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae families, namely Uca bellator, U. rosea, Perisesarma eumolpe, P. plicatum, Sarmatium germaimi, and Sesarma curoense. The most abundant species (Di) came from the family Sesarmidae. However, for all stations, diversity (H') has a value that is in the medium category, and evenness (E) is in the high category at each station. The dominance (D) obtained a value categorized as low at each observation station. The condition of environmental parameters in the mangrove vegetation area is included in the category of a good environment. It is still within normal limits for the crabs of the Ocypodidae and Sesarmidae families to live. Two substrate types are found in each observation path: muddy and sandy mud.
Gut Microbiota Profile of Infants with Breastfeeding and Mixed Feeding Patterns
Authors: Kusumaningrum Tina , Tafroji Wisnu , Gultom Septiani Madonna , Putri Nina Dwi , Hafifah Cut Nurul , Safari Dodi
Published: February 2024

We explore the gut microbiota profiles of 103 stool samples collected from infants at the age of 4 and 6 months in Jakarta, Indonesia. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing with Illumina MiSeq to identify the diversity, structure, and composition of the gut microbiota from those stool samples. Among 103 stool samples, 55 and 48 samples were collected from infants with breastfeeding and mixed feeding patterns, respectively. We found that the most abundant bacteria were Bifidobacteriales from the phylum of Actinobacteria (43.05%), Lactobacillales from the phylum of Firmicutes (28.39%), and Enterobacterales from the phylum of Proteobacteria (13.75%). The alpha and beta diversity analysis showed that the association between feeding patterns and differences in the microbial communities was not statistically significant (p-value >0.05). Our study did not show a difference in the gut microbiota pattern between the two feeding pattern groups. This result contributed to the variety of the world gut microbiota profile data in infants.
Genetic Structure of Gallus varius Based on Middle-Lower Section of Control Region mtDNA
Authors: Achmad Alfiyan , Farajallah Achmad , Ulfah Maria , Perwitasari-Farajallah Dyah , Muladno Muladno
Published: February 2024

Gallus varius, an indigenous bird species of Indonesia, demonstrates significant genetic diversity. The genetic diversity assessment in G. varius encompassed both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA, with the mtDNA analysis primarily centered on domain I of the control region. This study aimed to describe the genetic diversity and structure of G. varius inhabiting Java, Madura, Lombok and Sumbawa based on the middle-lower part of control region mtDNA. Genomic DNA was extracted from the calamus tip of feather, then the middle-lower part of control region was amplified and sequenced using two pairs of primers. In the examined control region, spanning from 944 to 1,008 bp, 13 bp of nucleotide variation was observed, with nucleotide diversity at 0.0021. Between G. varius samples and the reference (NC_007238.1), a total of 7 haplotypes were identified, 5 unique and 2 shared haplotypes, with haplotype diversity at 0.7692. The substantial diversity of haplotypes in this study and two previous study suggests that the genetic diversity of G. varius has remained stable over the past two decades. Additionally, genetic distance data indicate there is multiple G. varius subspecies, and the haplotype network accentuates signs of population differentiation.
Determining the Matrilineal Origin of Indonesian Kerinci Duck Breed (Anas platyrhynchos) Based on MT-ND2 Gene Diversity
Authors: Depison  , Putra Widya Pintaka Bayu , Gushairiyanto  , Gunawan Asep , Sumantri Cece
Published: February 2024

The Kerinci duck (Anas platyrhynchos), hailing from Jambi Province, represents one of the local duck breeds of Indonesia. This study aimed to ascertain the matrilineal origin of Kerinci ducks through analysis of the mitochondrial NADH Dehydrogenase subunit 2 (MT-ND2) gene. In this pursuit, forward sequences of the MT-ND2 gene (490 bp) were extracted from unsexed Kerinci ducks, totalling forty-eight (48) sequences, procured from blood samples. The findings demonstrated the identification of fifteen (15) distinct haplotypes within the MT-ND2 gene, with corresponding haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (pi) values of 0.74 and 0.003, respectively. The resulting phylogenetic tree unveiled that Kerinci ducks exhibit two matrilineal origins: an Asian and an independent Kerinci lineage. Moreover, most Kerinci ducks were categorised within the H4 group (24 birds) of the Asian lineage. Nevertheless, this study also revealed the existence of an independent Kerinci lineage comprising eight (8) duck haplotypes. In conclusion, the analysis of the MT-ND2 gene underscored the genetic introgression of A. zonorhyncha and A. poecilorhyncha in Kerinci ducks.
Avtomatizmi – kolokacije
Authors: Logar Nataša
Published: February 2024

In our paper, we first conducted a detailed examination of Korošec‘s interpretation of automations. We then compared his definition of this linguistic phenomenon with collocations, which, like automations, involve predictable combinations of words. According to Korošec‘s theory, expressions such as “According to informed sources”, “This is John Smith, reporting from London”, and “Turn to page X” are clearly classified as automations. However, we were intrigued by whether examples like “pay attention” and “bottleneck” (referring to a narrow section of road or a situation causing delay) also fit the category of automations, despite not fulfilling the criteria of: (1) referencing the source of information, (2) referring to one‘s own reporting, and (3) guiding readers through newspaper pages. After all, expressions like “pay attention” and “bottleneck” are commonly used in news reporting. Subsequently, we closely examined 18 examples of automations and potential automations, which we initially presented in the first part of our discussion. We assessed whether they were documented in two collocation dictionaries and identified additional similar instances. Our analysis revealed that both automations and potential automations can be categorized as collocations. Consequently, our critical assessment of the theory and examples of automations, the comparison between the characteristics of automations and collocations, as well as insights from dictionaries, led us to conclude that we should abandon the concept of automations altogether and instead classify predictable word combinations in journalism as collocations.
Prevajanje italijanskih izključevalnih odvisnikov v slovenščino
Authors: Grošelj Robert
Published: February 2024

The article analyses and compares Italian exclusive dependent clauses and their Slovene translation equivalents based on examples from the Italian-Slovene parallel corpus ISPAC. The analysis reveals structural and semantic-functional features of these structures, in the case of Slovenian exclusive dependent clauses also their verb form and position. The most frequent equivalents of Italian exclusive dependent clauses are semantically corresponding Slovene dependent clauses, followed by, for example, copulative and adversative coordination, the prepositional phrase brez ‘without’ + genitive, characterised by similar semantic relations (e.g., negation, opposition, concessivity). An exception to this tendency are Italian gerundial clauses with negation, most frequently translated by causal (coordinate and subordinate) clauses, which calls into question the exclusive semantic interpretation of these Italian clauses. While Italian exclusive clauses are characterised by subjunctive, infinitive, or gerund verb forms, the verb form of Slovene exclusive dependent clauses is in the conditional mood (the present conditional is far more frequent than the past conditional). Position wise, Slovene exclusive dependent clauses mostly overlap with the source-text clauses: the postposition with regard to the main clause prevails, the position before or within the main clause is less frequent.
Retorični vidik sodobne slovenščine in javnega nastopanja v današnjem globalnem svetu s stališča sovražnega govora
Authors: Tivadar Hotimir
Published: February 2024

In this article, we will highlight the principles of public speaking with examples of writing and speaking in public, and also point out the various inhibitions and barriers to public communication that often make it difficult to communicate. We will highlight the basic rules of public communication, which are rooted in humanism and are generally accepted. We will look at the semantic aspect as well as the terminology associated with hate speech – from insults, tabloidism, and vulgarity to hostility and criminality – and its relationship to speech as a primary linguistic expression. Through concrete examples of public communication, we will raise specific questions and provide answers about quality public speaking and communication.
The Missiological basis of Evangelism in Disadvantaged Communities1 and the Pivotal Role of the Church
Authors: Freeks Prof Fazel Ebrihiam
Published: February 2024

The mission of the Triune God—the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit—is the focus of this paper since the missio Dei perspective is essential to every section. To bring people from all tribes, nations, kingdoms, and languages together in eternal worship of Him, the Father sent the Son, and the Son sent the Holy Spirit. Churches and communities must partake in the mission of God in the world because the gospel of Jesus Christ must be preached. God uses the church as his instrument to proclaim his kingdom to people from all walks of life. Thus, followers of Jesus Christ who engage in the missio Dei—bring love, hope, and peace to a broken and lost world— and should be true to God's calling. God chose people to establish his kingdom and bestows blessings upon them so that they may bless every nation on the earth. God's humanity and God's entire creation are ultimately reconciled and healed by the kingdom. Through Jesus Christ, people can receive the Good News of God through the work of the Holy Spirit. This paper comes from a chapter in a larger PhD study in Missiology2.
“Para ler ao som de Angela Ro Ro”
Authors: Silva Souza Carlos Alexandre da
Published: February 2024

Neste texto buscamos apresentar uma análise do conto “Os Sobreviventes”, de Caio Fernando Abreu, publicado no livro Morangos Mofados de 1982. Nosso objetivo é compor um cenário no qual podemos inserir a obra de Caio F. Abreu a partir do contexto político e cultural do Brasil durante a Ditadura Civil-Militar iniciada em 1964 dialogando com noções de utopia, oposição à ditadura, burguesia, engajamento, entre outros.
Adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con hipertensión arterial. Intervención del farmacéutico
Authors: De la Torre Rodríguez Ana María , Nicot Cos Roberto Felipe
Published: February 2024

Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal para evaluar la adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con hipertensión arterial y la intervención del farmacéutico en el municipio Menongue, provincia Cuando Cubango, en Angola, África, en el período de septiembre 2020 a mayo de 2021. La muestra estuvo conformada por 60 pacientes autoválidos que ofrecieron su consentimiento escrito. Para determinar la adherencia terapéutica se usó el test de Batalla y el test de Morisky-Green, y se definieron dos categorías de pacientes: adherentes y no adherentes. Se analizaron los factores que pudieran estar asociados a la adherencia, y se desarrollaron intervenciones educativas durante la entrevista con el paciente, como charlas y el consejo/informativo. Los datos se recolectaron en una planilla confeccionada con este propósito, mediante el uso de la entrevista como instrumento de trabajo. Se observó un predominio del sexo masculino, en un 55%; edad promedio estuvo entre 46 y 65 años y nivel de escolaridad primario; además, se evidenció un alto consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Los antihipertensivos más utilizados fueron los diuréticos y los bloqueadores de los canales de calcio no dihidropiridínicos. El 40% de pacientes los pacientes se categorizó como adherentes. Factores como: desconocimiento de la enfermedad que padecen, accesibilidad al servicio médico y farmacéutico y la disponibilidad de los medicamentos, estuvieron asociados a la adherencia terapéutica. Se concluyó que la intervención del farmacéutico es primordial en el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de estos pacientes, sobre todo relacionada con los medicamentos que consume.
Classes socials i transició a la vida adulta a Espanya
Authors: Castro Torres Andrés F. , Ruiz Ramos Carlos
Published: February 2024

Un projecte d’investigació “Interconnected inequalities and family life courses in Spain” (INTERINEQ) liderat per Andrés Castro, investigador del Centre d’Estudis Demogràfics, ofereix una mirada nova sobre la transició a la vida adulta i la baixa fecunditat a Espanya. Des d’una perspectiva quantitativa i multivariada, aquesta investigació identifica sis classes socials entre persones de 29 a 35 anys a Espanya: una classe alta consolidada, tres classes mitjanes i dues classes populars. La investigació mostra que tant els plans de formació familiar, com la seva execució depenen d’aquestes classes socials, en particular, dels avantatges i desavantatges relatius a l’interior de les classes mitjanes. Aquests desavantatges relatius s’associen a una emancipació i formació de parelles tardana i a un nombre de fills menor al desitjat. Als sectors populars, no s’observa endarreriment dels patrons de formació familiar ni bretxes de fecunditat entre el nombre desitjat de fills i els que efectivament es tenen.
PERCEPTION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON MALAYSIAN SEAFARERS DURING COVID-19 IN THE PERIOD OF MALAYSIA'S FIRST MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER (MCO)
Authors: Mohd Salleh Nurul Haqimin , JEEVAN Jagan
Published: February 2024

The outbreak of COVID-19 might enhance the perception of psychological effects among Malaysian seafarers during the first phase of Malaysia's Movement Control Order (MCO), often known as a "lockdown" for 6 weeks to stop the spread of coronavirus disease. According to recording data from GARD, an average of 4.6 suicide among seafarers happen each year because of mental illness. Many researchers have investigated this issue covering medical, psychological, causal factors, etc. However, limited research has been conducted on a perception of psychological effects during the first MCO that contributes to these alarming issues. Therefore, this paper attempts to identify, rank, and assess causal factors of the psychological perception state of Malaysian seafarers. Two mathematical methods will be used to achieve these objectives: An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Evidential Reasoning (ER). An AHP is used to rank each identified perception of psychological effect on Malaysian seafarers. Then an ER is applied to assess the perception of psychological impact and synthesize the subset. The result has shown the most critical effect for a perception of psychological effects among Malaysian seafarers is depression disorder (0.6658), followed by anxiety disorder (0.5216) and stress (0.5122). Half of the respondent agreed on their perception of psychological effect during the first phase of movement control order with 0.5863. This research is expected to benefit the researcher, seafarers, experts in psychology fields, and even the people who have a problem in psychology in profoundly understanding the causal factors of psychology among Malaysian seafarers.
Apostles of Disunion
Authors: Serrano Jonathan
Published: February 2024

This paper analyzes the rhetoric of appointed state-commissioners from the Southern States advocating for secession prior to the American Civil War. The rhetoric used is very similar across all state-appointed commissioners as much of it was based on racial claims in which their biases, racism, and fear energized their claims for the need for secession. This paper explores the topic of succession exclusively through a Southern lens as the justification of succession is based on the Southern belief that all state's rights had been violated without giving slavery being the cause any validation.
From the Valleys to the Highlands
Authors: Ovando Cesar
Published: February 2024

The sixteenth-century Spanish conquest in the Americas has significantly altered world history. Unfortunately, the historical narrative of the conquest has predominately been narrated from a Eurocentric perspective. This situation has enabled the Spanish conquistadors to entitle themselves to an elite culture with little to no opposition. The interpretation from this narrative ultimately marginalizes the acknowledgment of indigenous participation and contribution to the Spaniards’ success. Despite the circumstances, recent scholars like Matthew Restall have pushed against the biased triumphalist narrative by turning to archival material, specifically, indigenous language texts, to uncover and amplify the Americas’ indigenous perspectives during the conquest. This trend became the New Conquest History. Generally, the scope of this study traditionally focuses on Central Mexico and Peru. However, scholarship have expanded the New Conquest History into other regions of the Americas. This includes Guatemala, which sets foot into the entire Central America region and diverse cultures.
Welcome
Authors: Editorial Team
Published: February 2024

Welcome to Volume 13, Issue 1 of The Toro Historical Review! Congratulations to the authors, and a special thank you to our student editorial team who has worked hard and continued to keep us on our regular publication schedule. Thank you!

This volume features four essays by history majors Priscilla Avitia, Tatiana Estrada, Johanna Morazan, and Donovan Wright. Originating with research projects in the History 490 capstone course, these essays represent a remarkable achievement in undergraduate research. Well done!
Editorial Team
Authors: Editorial Team
Published: February 2024

The Toro Historical Review Volume 13,Issue 1 Editorial and Production Team:

Daniella EnriquezJason KookenCaitlin McClisterChristian Palomares

Dr. Joshua J. Jeffers, faculty mentor
The Los Angeles Domino Effect
Authors: Marshall Jr. William
Published: February 2024

No abstract provided
Italian Secrets
Authors: Rubio Raul A.
Published: February 2024

No abstract provided
Bringing Wealth and Water to the City of Angels
Authors: Rodriguez Cambria
Published: February 2024

No abstract provided.
Red Scare Politics and the Post-War Racialized vision of Chavez Revine
Authors: Wood Mike H.F.
Published: February 2024

No abstract provided.
Behind-the-Scenes of the Spanish Conquest of Mexico
Authors: Nguyen Thaithao
Published: February 2024

No abstract provided.
The Dust Bowl Migration
Authors: Nguyen Thaithao
Published: February 2024

No abstract provided
Evaluating The Effectiveness of Information and Communication Technologies (Icts) in Fire Response in Disaster Management in Batam, Indonesia
Authors: Maulana Said Firman , Sakir Sakir
Published: February 2024

This research aims to evaluate the utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the context of fire response for disaster management in Batam, Indonesia, spanning the years 2018 to 2023. Employing a mixed-methods approach involving surveys and case studies, the study investigates strategies and provides recommendations for health adaptation actions during climate-related disasters. The research assesses the effectiveness of ICTs in disaster risk management, with a specific focus on evaluating the role of the Disaster Management Act in Indonesia. The findings reveal that ICT-based early warning systems, enhanced communication networks, and efficient data management significantly contribute to improving Batam's preparedness and response to disasters. Despite these positive outcomes, the study identifies challenges, including issues related to equitable technology access, infrastructure limitations in remote areas, and privacy concerns that warrant attention. This study presents valuable quantitative insights into the effectiveness of ICTs in disaster management in Batam, Indonesia. It emphasizes the importance of addressing the identified challenges for a more robust disaster mitigation framework. The results have significant implications for policymakers and practitioners, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to overcome barriers and ensure the effective integration of ICTs in disaster response and management practices in Indonesia.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Patients With Kidney Disorders: Systematic Review
Authors: Sandha Dhiya Putri Aqilah , Sandy Tjang Yanto , Faranita Tri , Karina Karina
Published: February 2024

According to data from the WHO, heart disease continues to be the top cause of mortality worldwide. The 2018 Riskesdas shows that the prevalence of heart disease, including CAD, based on doctors' diagnoses in Indonesia is 1,5%. Management measures in CAD patients are CABG or PCI. The research design used in this study was a literature review using a systematic review method. A systematic literature review comparing CABG and PCI costs is needed to determine optimal therapeutic options in CAD patients. For articles published during the last ten years, a literature search was done using four databases: PubMed, SagePub, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocol (PRISMA-P) 2020 protocol, a literature review was conducted. Eight texts in all met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. Five literatures stating that CABG is better, two other literatures stating that there is no significant post-rehabilitation difference between CABG and PCI, and one literature stating that PCI has better survival after 5 years in CAD patients with impaired renal function. CABG is considered more effective and is recommended as the primary treatment option in CAD patients with a kidney disorder. Nevertheless, PCI can be utilized as an alternate therapy in CAD patients when kidney function and concomitant illnesses are considered.
The Effect of Good Corporate Governance on The Profitability of Mining Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Suherman Suherman , Adam Mohamad , Widiyanti Marlina , Yuliani Yuliani
Published: February 2024

The aim of this research is to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of management ownership, institutional ownership, independent ownership boards, audit committees on profitability (Return On Equity) in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, the research samples obtained were 15 companies for the 2019-2022 period so there were 60 analysis units. The research design is quantitative descriptive. The analysis technique in this research uses the panel data regression method. The research results show that management ownership, independent board ownership, and audit committee have no effect on profitability. Meanwhile, institutional ownership has a significant negative effect on profitability. The implication of this research is that companies must pay attention to institutional ownership shares, because they can have a negative impact on the company's profitability.
Đánh giá khả năng kháng khuẩn của Streptomyces spp. đến một số vi khuẩn gây bệnh trên rau quả sau thu hoạch
Authors: Huyền Nguyễn Thỵ Đan , Tiên Nguyễn Thị Thủy , Trang Nguyễn Hiền , Long Lê Thanh
Published: February 2024

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá khả năng kháng của 50 chủng xạ khuẩn Streptomyces đối với bệnh đốm đen trên quả cam do Pseudomonas syringae P01 gây ra, bệnh thối mềm trên quả cà chua do Pectobacterium carotovorum Ecc4 và bệnh thối mềm trên quả đu đủ do Erwinia papayae M16 gây ở điều kiện in vitro bằng phương pháp kẻ vạch vuông góc. Có 33, 19 và 17 chủng thể hiện khả năng kháng vi khuẩn tương ứng đối với P. syringae P01, P. carotovorum Ecc4 và E. papayae M16. Trong đó, chủng Streptomyces murinus NARZ thể hiện khả năng kháng mạnh nhất đối với cả 3 chủng vi khuẩn gây bệnh. Khả năng kháng khuẩn của dịch nổi (CFS) thu được từ S. murinus NARZ được xác định bằng phương pháp khuếch tán qua giếng thạch, đường kính vòng kháng khuẩn đạt 20,90 ± 0,91; 23,53 ± 0,79 và 26,52 ± 0,53 mm tương ứng với các vi khuẩn P. syringae P01, P. carotovorum Ecc4 và E. papayae M16. Kết quả khảo sát độ bền nhiệt (30, 60, 90 và 121oC/15 phút) và bền pH (5, 6, 7, 8, 9) của CFS thu nhận từ S. murinus NARZ cho thấy chúng vẫn duy trì khả năng kháng khuẩn tốt khi xử lý ở nhiệt độ 121oC trong 15 phút và pH trong khoảng 5 - 7 đối với cả 3 chủng vi khuẩn khảo sát. Kết quả của nghiên cứu này có ý nghĩa trong việc sử dụng các chủng Streptomyces có khả năng sinh kháng sinh tự nhiên như tác nhân kiểm soát sinh học trong bảo quản rau quả sau thu hoạch.
Ảnh hưởng của epinephrine lên độc lực của vi khuẩn Vibrio harveyi trên tôm thẻ chân trắng (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Anh Nguyễn Đức Quỳnh , Linh Nguyễn Thị Huế , Quang Nguyễn Nam , Vì Huỳnh Văn , Phước Nguyễn Ngọc
Published: February 2024

Vibrio harveyi là tác nhân chính gây bệnh phát sáng trên tôm và là tác nhân gây bệnh trên nhiều đối tượng động vật thủy sản, ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến nghề nuôi thủy sản trên thế giới. Trong điều kiện vật chủ căng thẳng (stress), vi khuẩn được cho là có phản ứng lại với các stress hormone, kết quả làm tăng tốc độ phát triển và gia tăng độc lực. Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện nhằm xác định sự ảnh hưởng của các nồng độ stress hormone epinephrine khác nhau (25 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM và 200 µM) lên độc lực của vi khuẩn V. harveyi. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, nồng độ epinephrine (nồng độ 50 µM, 100 µM và 200 µM) làm tăng khả năng di động, tăng hoạt tính thủy phân các enzyme lipase, phospholipase, haemolysin và caseinase nhưng không ảnh hưởng đến hoạt tính của chitinase. Thí nghiệm cảm nhiễm trên tôm thẻ chân trắng với vi khuẩn V. harveyi được nuôi trong môi trường có bổ sung epinephrine 50 µM, làm giảm tỷ lệ sống của tôm thẻ chân trắng thí nghiệm so với nghiệm thức đối chứng.
Phân lập nấm Fusarium solani trên tôm thẻ chân trắng (Litopenaeus vannamei) bị bệnh đốm đen và thử nghiệm khả năng kháng nấm của nano bạc
Authors: An Lê Quang , Cường Nguyễn Văn , Vu Mai Hữu , Duyên Nguyễn Đình Mai , Thi Hồ Ngọc , Hà Trần Nam , Hoa Trương Thị
Published: February 2024

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm phân lập nấm Fusarium solani trên tôm thẻ chân trắng bị bệnh đốm đen và thử nghiệm khả năng kháng nấm của nano bạc. Từ các mẫu tôm thẻ chân trắng nuôi tại Thừa Thiên Huế bị bệnh đốm đen đã phân lập được chủng nấm Fusarium solani. Nghiên cứu khả năng kháng nấm Fusarium solani của nano bạc cho thấy chúng có khả năng kháng nấm ở nồng độ 20 µg/mL. Nano bạc ở nồng 2,5; 5 và 10 µg/mL đều có khả năng ức chế sự phát triển của nấm, đường kính khuẩn lạc nấm Fusarium solani khi ngâm ở các nồng độ này trong thời gian 15; 30 và 60 phút đều thấp hơn có ý nghĩa thống kê (p<0,05) so với đối chứng.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DE CÍRCULOS DE CULTURA NO INCENTIVO AO GOSTO PELA ESCRITA, LEITURA E CONTAÇÃO DE HISTÓRIAS NAS SÉRIES INICIAIS
Authors: SILVA DE SOUZA RUSSO DAYANA VIVIANY , CORREA PACHECO TATIANA DO SOCORRO
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho visa apresentar resultados alcançados por via de subprojeto vinculado ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid), área Pedagogia, da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia. No subprojeto ainda em andamento, o objetivo é desenvolver práticas educativas através dos círculos de cultura tendo como eixo temático “As Histórias de nós todos” visando uma nova formação ética e estética que valorize as diferenças, os saberes, os brincares das crianças da cultura amazônica, num processo que possibilite às crianças falarem sobre si, sobre os seus lugares, suas histórias e culturas. Além disso, em conjunto à três escolas da rede pública estadual, promover para o ensino fundamental espaços de campo de pesquisa tanto para as crianças das escolas participantes quanto para os alunos do curso de Pedagogia, por meio das atividades didático-pedagógica planejadas coletivamente com eles e com professoras supervisoras das escolas. O referencial teórico-metodológico utilizado baseia-se, principalmente, nas produções de Paulo Freire, numa abordagem qualitativa e em uma perspectiva crítica de educação. Os resultados alcançados até o momento têm contribuído para a compreensão de que o trabalho docente no ensino fundamental deve estar orientado por conhecimentos didático-pedagógicos que valorizem a escuta, a oralidade, o envolvimento e a participação das crianças, em um espaço que se distancie de práticas e pressupostos didáticos rígidos, em que o controle e a disciplina que marcam as relações adulto-criança sejam substituídos por um espaço e uma prática dialógica.
AQUI, FILA NÃO!
Authors: PACHECO SANTOS LUCILENE , FERREIRA LIMA JEDIÃ , DE CARVALHO MARTINS ANA MICHELLE
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência desenvolvido no Projeto de Assistência à docência (PAD) do Laboratório de Ensino, Pesquisa e Experiências Transdisciplinares em Educação/LEPETE da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas/UEA, na Escola Indígena Kanata T-ykua. A práxis da assistência à docência nas escolas é realizada na Educação Infantil, Ensino Fundamental Anos Iniciais e Anos Finais, Escola Indígena e Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). O atendimento às especificidades das escolas é uma grande prática de experiências interculturais de cada uma das escolas no perímetro urbano, rural ribeirinha, rural rodoviária e escola indígena. A caminhada até às escolas intercruza rizomas de conhecimentos da formação inicial com a formação continuada, em que a assistência à docência no fazer docente e na atuação dos diferentes campos das licenciaturas, percorrem caminhos entre ruas, estradas, rios e floresta na especificidade dos sujeitos e seus cotidianos escolares de 59 turmas, totalizando 135 assistências no chão da escola.
ATUAÇÃO DO PAIC NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DOS PROFESSORES ALFABETIZADORES
Authors: DA SILVA VANUSA DANIEL , NOGUEIRA DO NASCIMENTO VERONICA , TAVARES BEZERRA ANA DE SENA , SAMARITANA SAUDITA DE OLIVEIRA VERAS FRANCISCA
Published: February 2024

Este artigo analisa a formação continuada dos professores alfabetizadores no Programa de aprendizagem na Idade Certa (PAIC) destacando a busca por resultados e as implicações para o trabalho docente. Inicialmente o trabalho apresenta uma breve descrição do PAIC com foco em sua estrutura e finalidade. Em seguida apresentamos as concepções de formação continuada e alfabetização numa perspectiva político-social considerando o cenário de mudanças e contradições da realidade. Do ponto de vista teórico metodológico trata-se de um estudo bibliográfico e documental. Para fundamentar a discussão, recorreu-se as contribuições dos seguintes autores: Gatti (2008, 2009), Freitas (2003,2014), Oliveira (2013, 2014), Brzezinski (2008), Brito e Freire (2021), Ferreiro (2011) e Soares (2020). Na análise documental foram analisados leis, decretos e portarias como fontes primárias na coleta de dados. Os resultados indicam que a formação continuada dos professores alfabetizadores distancia-se de uma concepção de formação crítico superadora da realidade e suas contradições. Percebe-se a permanência de uma formação pragmática e conteudista no sentido de valorizar a transmissão de conhecimentos padronizados com a intenção de atender as demandas da agenda internacional. Nesse contexto, ocorre a intensificação e regulação do trabalho docente, a retirada da autonomia do professor, assim como sua responsabilização pelo sucesso ou fracasso do aluno.
CONCEPÇÕES E IMPORTÂNCIA DO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO PARA O PROCESSO DE FORMAÇÃO INICIAL EM PEDAGOGIA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: RODRIGUES REIS ELETRISSANDRA
Published: February 2024

O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão de literatura realizada no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações - BDTD. A pesquisa tem por objetivo mapear e discutir a produção acadêmica disponibilizada nos referidos portais nos últimos dez anos sobre as concepções e importância do estágio supervisionado para o processo de formação inicial em Pedagogia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico que se enquadra na metodologia Estado do Conhecimento. No presente texto buscamos responder: Quais as discussões mais pertinentes sobre o tema estudado? Quais as perspectivas teórico-metodológicas utilizada pelos autores dos trabalhos analisados? Quais os objetivos e considerações apontadas sobre o objeto? A partir das leituras realizadas, agrupamos os textos semelhantes para facilitar a compreensão, através de temáticas. Observamos que o campo de pesquisa apresentado é muito discutido dada a importância do estágio supervisionado na formação inicial de professores e por constituir-se como um dos eixos que articulam os saberes teóricos e práticos dos profissionais da educação, sendo discutidos em várias pesquisas, sob diferentes enfoques. Mesmo assim, o tema não se esgota, pois ainda constitui um desafio para a formação de professores. Há um delineamento nas pesquisas estudadas da necessidade de ampliação dos trabalhos que retratam o papel do professor supervisor e do professor colaborador da escola que recebe o estagiário. Tal constatação, desperta a percepção de que ainda há muito a se dizer a respeito de como esses professores se veem no seu papel de formador e quais são os sentidos e concepções que esses professores atribuem ao estágio supervisionado.
CONSTRUINDO CAMINHOS ENTRE TRILHAS: AS SINUOSIDADES DO PESQUISAR EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: DOS SANTOS MARIA JOSE , TAVARES DE MORAIS RACHEL
Published: February 2024

A pesquisa, um dos eixos do tripé de sustentação da universidade, no período compreendido entre 2020/2022, em virtude dos fatos e medidas demandadas da pandemia do COVID-19 no âmbito das Universidades Federais e da Educação Básica, tiveram suas ações/atividades completamente alteradas, exigindo reformulações de planos de trabalho e reordenação de cronograma no intuito de não paralisação total das atividades de pesquisa. Trajetórias construídas por acadêmicos das licenciaturas/bolsistas do PIBIC; debates/reflexões e aprendizados produzidos/provocados no esforço coletivo imbricados no cenário que se descortinava é o que pauta o presente artigo, cujo objetivo se concentra em apresentar alguns dos desafios e possibilidades presentes no cotidiano de coordenadores/bolsistas e rede de colaboradores (escolas municipais) quanto aos desdobramentos de Projetos de pesquisa, ligados ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação científica (PIBIC) frente ao cenário pandêmico de interdições. Para tanto, pontuaremos junto a necessidade de continuidade da pesquisa mesmo diante das condições objetivas impostas, processos de reestruturação das ações em curso e suas implicações consideradas o plano inicial; adaptações/mudanças de sentidos e significados entre presencial e virtual, com a inserção de ferramentas tecnológicas não usuais no exercício da pesquisa e, alguns resultados decorrentes do exercício posto em prática. Entendemos o exercício de reflexão sobre a prática, como uma ação fulcral no ofício do professor pesquisador, sendo que a dinâmica imposta na/pela pandemia, constituiu modos de fazer próprios sem o devido ou o prévio planejamento. Era a urgência de um fazer imprimindo suas nuances e desestabilizando posturas, “certezas”, em que caminhar em trilhas sinuosas e ou construir outras trilhas se tornou imperativo. Assim, os “achados” ou construções dessa escrita não podem, nem pretendem ser tomados como respostas ou verdades prontas, mas como contributos para se pensar o período vivido e alguns dos seus desdobramentos no âmbito da pesquisa acadêmica na licenciatura interdisciplinar.