bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Properties of Humic Acid Substances and Their Effect in Soil Quality and Plant Health
Authors: Vikram Nitin , Sagar Ankita , Gangwar Chetna , Husain Raja , Narayan Kewat Raj
Published: September 2022

During aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of plant and animal reside a complex aggregate of brown to dark coloured amorphous substances is obtained which is called as Humus. It includes humic substances and resynthesizes products of microorganisms. These products are stable and a part of the soil. Humus is categorised according to their molecular weights and solubility into humus, humic acids and fulvic acids. Humic substances are the organic material naturally present in soil. Humic substances positively effect’s soil quality and fertility by increasing its water holding capacity, stabilisation of soil structure, soil microbial activity, plant physiology. It also influence nutrient uptake and root architecture act like phytohormones for phosphorus acquisition, and improving plant adaptation to saline condition. Humus is the primary microhabitat for microorganism such as dictyostelids, myxomycetes, some species of protostelids, members of the genus Copromyxella etc. Other than that auxin like activity of Humic Substances has also been demonstrated in recent studies. The research suggested that it could be the main biological factor that exhibits positive effect on plant physiology. Based on that fertiliser factory also trying to produce are bio- stimulants, based on humic substances and other organic compounds.
Drought Stress in Millets and Its Response Mechanism
Authors: Tiwari Anjali , Kesarwani Kapil , Sharma Arushi , Ghosh Tapan , Bisht Nisha , Punetha Shailja
Published: September 2022

Drought is a major abiotic stress that diminishes crop yield and weakens global food security, especially in the current emerging situation of climate change as well as increases in the prevalence and severity of stress elements. Millets are nutrient-dense and capable to resist variety of harsh environmental conditions, including lack of moisture. Millet’s crop has evolved dynamically in terms of morphology, physiology, and biochemically that allow them to flee and/or adapt to adverse environmental situations. Drought stress has a significant impact on the vegetative and reproductive phases of plants. Millets generate a very low yield compared to main cereals like wheat and rice, despite their agronomic, nutritional, and health-related benefits. It is necessary to understand how these complex features are regulated and ameliorated the impact of droughts on millet productivity. Keeping this in view, the present work aims to understand the processes used for reducing the negative impacts of droughts in the production of millets varieties using advanced agronomic management strategies (use of information technology) and the biotechnology (improvements in crop genetics).
Spatial Analysis of Climate Driver Impacts on Sub-Saharan African Migration Patterns in Tanzania
Authors: Asrat Feleke , C. Pearson Brooks , H. Connolly Matthew , Tiruneh Gizachew
Published: September 2022

Environmental problems resulting from climate change have generated negative impacts on climate-sensitive sectors of African economies. Coping with adverse situations, individuals and households adopt several strategies, including rural-urban migration. Previous literature has investigated the use of migration as a coping strategy to environmental factors. However, specific empirical assessment of links between migration and climatic factors with emphasis on spatial perspectives is not well studied. Accordingly, this study focuses on climatic driver influences on migration from statistical and spatial perspectives using logistic regression and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). We combined secondary data sets collected by the World Bank SLMS nationwide household surveys with geo-referenced sub-villages and historical gridded rainfall and temperature data. Results suggest a significant positive relationship between long-run precipitation and migration, while long-run temperature was statistically inconsequential. Results also suggest spatial patterns and climate change drivers are critical in understanding the migration determinants in Tanzania.
Aortic Insufficiency in LVAD Patients
Authors: Vu Vi , May-Newman Karen
Published: September 2022

Aortic insufficiency (AI) is a common complication that increases morbidity and mortality in patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD). Significant AI during LVAD support creates a substantial regurgitant flow loop, negatively affecting cardiac recovery and exposing blood to longer residence time and higher shear stress. The mechanism of AI development and progression is linked to a lack of aortic valve opening, which alters the valvular tissue mechanics. Pre-existing AI also worsens following LVAD implantation, interfering with the pump benefits. This chapter will evaluate AI development with LVAD support compared with naturally occurring AI and present the features, mechanisms, and links to clinical treatment options.
Spin Pumping in Magnetostrictive Ta/FeGaB/Ta Multilayer Thin Films
Authors: Yadagiri Karampuri , Wu Tao
Published: September 2022

The magnetostrictive multilayer thin film stack (Ta/FeGaB(t)/Ta) deposited/sputtered, studied the surface morphology, static and dynamic magnetic properties. The static magnetic properties multilayer studied; the coercive field and squareness increased for increasing thickness of FeGaB. The systematic study of damping in Ta/FeGaB/Ta multilayer performed by use of broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy in-plan geometry in the range of temperature from 300 K to 100 K. The data were fitted to obtain the inhomogeneous line width (∆H0) and the damping factor (α). The damping factor is enhanced for the increased thickness of FeGaB. The enhancement of damping is due to spin pumping at the interface of Ta and FeGaB. The spin mixing conductance (geff) was calculated for magnetostriction thin films FeGaB; which had been increased for lowering the temperature. At 0 K, the geff of thin-film stack has 0.141 × 1018 m−2. Therefore, the magnetostriction multilayer film stack can be used for magnonics, spin caloritronics, and spintronics applications.
Synthesis of Pt-Mo/WMCNTs Nanostructures Reduced by the Green Chemical Route and Its Electrocatalytic Activity in the ORR
Authors: Torres-Santillan Esther , Capula-Colindres Selene , Teran Gerardo , M. Reza-San German Carmen , Estrada Flores Miriam , Guadalupe Rojas Valencia Oscar
Published: September 2022

Platinum (Pt) and molybdenum (Mo) nanoparticles were supported on multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by a green chemical route. Different relations of Pt:Mo (10:0, 8:2, 5:5, 2:8, and 0:10, respectively) in weight percent were compared to their electrocatalytic activity in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in an acid medium. The morphologies and the structure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The rotary disc electrode (RDE) and linear voltammetry (LV) techniques were employed to observe the electron transfer and mass transport phenomena. The surface activation of the samples was conducted by cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique According to the TEM analysis. The TEM analysis, shows that Mo and Pt nanoparticles have a good dispersion on the tubular carbon support, with sizes between 3.94 and 10.97 nm. All Pt-containing ratios had exhibited a first-order transfer in the ORR without inhibition of the reaction. Molybdenum is a reducing agent (oxyphilic metal) that benefits the adsorption of oxygenated species. The Pt:Mo 8:2 wt.% ratio presents the maximum benefits in the kinetic parameters. The Mo10/MWCNTs nanostructure inhibits the ORR due to the strong bonds it presents with oxygen. Molybdenum at low concentrations with platinum is conducive to oxygen molecule adsorption-desorption by increasing the ORR’s electroactivity.
Combination of High Prevalence Sign/Symptom Pairs: An Approach to the Diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome
Authors: Verónica Araya Aída , Liberman Claudio , Munizaga Claudia , Pineda Pedro , Barberán Marcela , Cordero Francisco , Lanas Alejandra , Toro Luís
Published: September 2022

Most of the clinical features of Cushing’s syndrome (CS) are nonspecific and could be present in obesity, particularly when this condition is associated with metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to evaluate the frequency of clinical manifestations and changes in general laboratory tests, in patients with confirmed endogenous CS, to identify diagnostic dyads. We evaluated in each patient the rate of coexistence of 2 elements either: symptoms, clinical signs, or laboratory alteration. The prevalence of a combined pair of clinical features or dyad in over 30% of the cases, was considered clinically significant. Fourteen dyads were identified as clinically relevant. Facies + buffalo hump; facies + eosinopenia; buffalo hump + supraclavicular fat pads and facies + supraclavicular fat pads, were present in over 50% of cases. Facies + muscular atrophy; centripetal fat distribution + muscular atrophy and facies + striae were present in 42–49%. Hirsutism/acne + eosinopenia; buffalo hump + eosinopenia; muscular atrophy+ eosinopenia; eosinopenia + accelerated weight gain; buffalo hump + muscular atrophy; hirsutism/acne + muscular atrophy and hirsutism/acne + supraclavicular fat pads, were observed in 33–38% of patients. Its application will facilitate the correct diagnosis of CS.
Looking for Eros in the Long Hard Rain of Climate Collapse
Authors: Furlong Mark
Published: September 2022

More frequent and intense fires, floods, droughts and extreme temperatures point to a progressively de-regulating environment. In so much as this reality is understood as ‘climate collapse’ we are confronted by a processing task that is profoundly difficult. Initially, the conceptual and affective dimensions of this challenge are examined. A second section develops the proposition that as climate collapse accelerates, and as the scale and timelessness of this disruption takes hold, experiences of guilt and loss, anger and despair, will tend to be amplified by pre-existing unconscious tropes, particularly the fantasy of the vengeful, all-powerful mother. Accenting the possibility psychic tumult may be held against, the implications for mental health are reviewed. A final section considers the prospects for Eros – for play and creativity, innocence and companionship – in the long hard rain of climate collapse.
Smart Irrigation for Climate Change Adaptation and Improved Food Security
Authors: Bwambale Erion , K. Abagale Felix , K. Anornu Geophrey
Published: September 2022

The global consequences of climate change cannot be ignored. The agriculture industry, in particular, has been harmed, resulting in poor production as a result of floods and droughts. One in every three people in the world’s arid and semi-arid regions lacks access to healthy food and safe drinking water. Despite the fact that irrigation development is increasing in most developing nations, it still falls short of meeting current food demand, much alone predicted need by 2050. To feed the future population while combating climate change, agricultural practices must be precise. Scarce resources such as water, land, and energy will need to be exploited more efficiently in order to produce more with less. Smart irrigation is shaping up to bring answers to these twenty-first-century concerns. This chapter discusses improvements in smart irrigation monitoring and management systems that may be used to address climate, food, and population issues. It includes an overview of smart irrigation, smart irrigation monitoring, and smart irrigation management, as well as challenges and prospects related to climate change and food security. Smart irrigation may boost water savings and agricultural production, thereby improving food security.
Mitigating Diabetic Foot Ulcers: The Effect of Diet and Microbiome
Authors: Coon Steven
Published: September 2022

To truly eliminate the possibility of diabetic foot ulcers, the elimination of the symptoms of diabetes is essential. There are many forms of diabetes and there is no one diet that is effective for all patients. It is essential that a proper diet is utilized and for most diabetic patients a reduction in weight and the restoration of a properly balanced microbiota can eliminate the devastating effects of diabetes including foot ulcers. This review examines in detail the different types of diets, and how they affect the host and the microbiota to eliminate as much as possible the risk of foot ulcers. Microbiota, diet, incretins, and insulin all directly affect the deposition of fats which causes insulin insensitivity and diabetes in most patients.
Imaging of Pancreatitis
Authors: Morana Giovanni , Beleù Alessandro , Nistri Francesca , Venturini Silvia
Published: September 2022

Imaging of pancreatitis is very complicated. Correct detection of the various forms of pancreatitis is essential for adequate early therapy. In acute pancreatitis, imaging is useful for diagnosis, but above all for the research of causes and any complications. In autoimmune forms, imaging raises clinical suspicion and guides the response to therapy and the search for associated pathologies. In chronic pancreatitis, imaging is essential for grading, differential diagnosis with neoplastic diseases and follow-up. The classical CT and MRI methods play a fundamental role in this sense, being increasingly supported by modern special techniques such as S-MRCP and T1-mapping. Finally, interventional radiology today represents one of the main minimally invasive methods for the diagnosis and treatment of complications.
Prevalence of Various Psychological Disorders during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Khalili Robabe , Karimi Leila
Published: September 2022

As a global threat, the COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge to psychological resilience. The aim was to determine the prevalence of various psychological disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a systematic review. Studies using different combinations of keywords COVID-19, SARS-COV, pandemic, psychological disorders, mental health and, psychological consequences were retrieved from different scientific databases Elsevier, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science. These studies were published from December 1, 2019, to May 30, 2020. Twenty-eight studies out of 410 retrieved articles were evaluated and analyzed for data extraction. The analysis of studies revealed that the different types of psychological disorders like stress, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, mental distress, schizophrenia, sleep disorders and sleep disturbances, vicarious traumatization, and internet addiction on moderate to severe in public and medical personnel were recorded during COVID-19 crisis. The frontline health care workers were more depressed, anxious, insomniac, and mentally disturbed. Women were more vulnerable to psychological disorders and sleep problems. Young people were more likely to experience generalized anxiety disorder and mental distress. COVID-19 has led to high prevalence and a wide range of psychological disorders in society. It is essential to provide psychological assistance and training strategies to deal with a variety of these psychological disorders.
Improving Embryo Quality by Strictly Controlling IVF Laboratory Environment
Authors: García-Ferreyra Javier , Sánchez-Pavón Alfonso
Published: September 2022

In recent years, several changes have been made in different aspects of in vitro fertilization to improve embryo quality and ultimately the clinical outcomes in assisted reproduction technology (ART). These approaches include improvements in air quality inside the lab to ensure VOCs-free air, use of tri-gas incubator and embryo-tested devices and plastics, adequate control of pH and osmolarity of culture media, and strict quality control that allows an adequate development of the embryos until blastocyst stage. Other strategies to improve the embryo quality during in vitro culture include volume reduction of drop culture media, and individual or group culture of embryos. This work summarizes several strategies to improve embryonic quality during their in vitro culture in assisted reproduction procedures.
Serotypes, Antibiotic Resistance Genes, and Salmonella Pathogenicity Island Genes of Salmonella from Patients in a Hospital in Weifang, China
Authors: Ma Jie , Li Weiping , Liu Jing , Li Min
Published: September 2022

Background: Salmonella is an important foodborne pathogen that causes diarrhea in humans worldwide. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the serotype distribution, antibiotic-resistant genes, and Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI) genes of clinical isolates of Salmonella in Weifang. Methods: A total of 111 Salmonella strains were collected from Weifang People’s Hospital between 2018 and 2020 and subjected to serotyping using the Kauffmann-White antigen table. Meanwhile, the polymerase chain reaction detected eleven SPI1-6 genes and six antibiotic resistance genes. Results: Among the 111 Salmonella strains, 17 serotypes were identified, with S. Typhimurium, S. Typhi, and S. Enteritidis being the most prevalent. The hilA, ssaB, sseC, marT, siiE, pipB, sopB, and pagN SPI1-6 genes were all found during analysis. The InvA, misL, and siiD genes were detected at 98.2, 97.30, and 97.30% rates, respectively. Also, sul2 and blaTEM were the most prevalent antibiotic resistance genes in this investigation, accounting for 68.47 and 21.62% of the total, respectively. Conclusions: Salmonella isolated from the clinical samples was found to have a diversity of serotypes and possessed various SPI and antibiotic resistance genes.
The Combined Effect of High-intensity Interval Training and Soy Isoflavone Diet on MicroRNA-133 Gene in Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Mirheidari Lamia , Soori Rahman , Ravasi Ali Asghar , Jourkesh Morteza
Published: September 2022

Background: The combination of exercise and soy extract supplementation decreases cardiac related disease risk in postmenopausal women. Objectives: We assessed the combined impacts of soy isoflavone (IF) supplementation and exercise on the expression of microRNA-133 gene in ovariectomized rats’ hearts. Methods: This study was conducted on 50 female Wistar rats, which were assigned to five groups, including sham-operated (SHAM), ovariectomized (OVX), ovariectomized with soy IF supplementation (OVX + IF), OVX with exercise (OVX + HIIT), and OVX with both soy IFs and exercise (OVX + IF + HIIT). The experimental rats underwent high-intensity interval training (5 days/week) and/or supplied a soy IF supplementation for six weeks. The cardiac microRNA-133 gene expression was analyzed using real-time PCR after six weeks of intervention. Results: Ovariectomy down-regulated cardiac microRNA133 gene expression, but 42 days of IF administration or HIIT reversed this effect (P > 0.05). The HIIT reversed estrogen-deficiency-related microRNA-133 down-regulation greater than IF or combining IF and HIIT (P > 0.05). The OVX + IF and OVX + IF + HIIT (P > 0.05) showed no significant difference. Conclusions: Our results suggested that treatment with exercise, soy IF, and the combined treatment could benefit microRNA-133 in ovariectomized rats. This effect was significant when exercise alone was used to induce treatment. Thus, these treatments could offer protection in the menopausal period.
Introduction: Emotions and Global Challenges of Inequality
Authors: Ahteensuu Marko , Siipi Helena
Published: September 2022

An introduction to the special issue, by the guest editors
Logik og metafysik eller refleksionssystemet og fornuftssystemet
Authors: Mathorne William Toke
Published: September 2022

No abstract
La importancia de la inteligencia de mercados en la actividad exportadora de las empresas españolas
Authors: Navarro-García Antonio , Barrera-Barrera Ramón , Villarejo-Ramos Ángel Francisco , Peris-Ortiz Marta
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación es responder al gap investigador existente en la literatura sobre el rol que juega la inteligencia de mercados en la actividad exportadora. Específicamente se pretende conocer los efectos que ejerce la inteligencia de mercados en las interrelaciones entre las distancias de mercados (doméstico vs. extranjeros) percibidas por los responsables de exportación, las decisiones estratégicas de marketing mix (estandarización vs. adaptación) y el resultado exportador (crecimiento de las ventas exteriores y satisfacción directiva). Los resultados de la investigación obtenidos a partir del desarrollo de un estudio empírico con datos procedentes de una muestra multisectorial de 212 empresas exportadoras españolas revela que: (a) las decisiones estratégicas tendentes a adaptar los elementos de marketing mix a los deseos de los mercados extranjeros tienen un efecto positivo sobre el resultado exportador; (b) de forma aislada, las distancias de mercados, asociadas a las diferencias económicas, legales, sociales, culturales, etc., entre España y los mercados extranjeros, hace que los responsables de exportación tiendan a tomar decisiones conservadoras, plasmadas en un marketing mix internacional estandarizado (similar al empleado en España); (c) sin embargo, cuando se dispone y analiza información relevante de los mercados extranjeros, fruto del desarrollo de procesos de inteligencia de mercados, se reducen las distancias psíquicas percibidas y se muestran comportamientos estratégicos más proactivos (adaptación del marketing mix), redundando en una mejora del resultado asociado a la actividad exportadora.
Influencia de la Marca de Distribuidor en la evaluación del consumidor hacia productos de alimentación
Authors: López-Menchero Tamar Buil , Delgado de Miguel Juan
Published: September 2022

Basándonos en la literatura existente sobre la valoración de la calidad sensorial en productos de alimentación al comparar la marca del fabricante (MF) con la marca del distribuidor (MD), este trabajo ha estudiado la respuesta sensorial del consumidor hacia dos alimentos de tres marcas de distribuidor distintas. Usando como metodología el análisis sensorial mediante una cata ciega y una cata informada, se ha observado la influencia de la marca de un producto de marca de distribuidor en la valoración sensorial del mismo. Como resultado principal, se ha demostrado que existen diferencias significativas a la hora de valorar la calidad sensorial de los productos de las marcas de distribuidor, lo que arroja más conocimiento sobre el valor de marca de los productos de alimentación de MD.
Análisis de Políticas de Cuidados de Larga Duración (CLD). El caso de España y Suecia
Authors: Tortosa Chuliá María Ángeles , Sundström Gerdt
Published: September 2022

Analizamos los enfoques de las políticas de atención a largo plazo (LTC) en general, utilizando España y Suecia como ejemplos. A pesar de sus diferencias, especialmente en la vida familiar, la cobertura de sus servicios es un poco diferente, aunque Suecia depende en gran medida de los municipios para la prestación de servicios, mientras que España tiene una administración más compleja. Un problema importante para LTC es evaluar las necesidades de las personas mayores. El uso de información macrodemográfica de arriba hacia abajo a menudo da como resultado escenarios catastróficos. Las políticas sobre LTC también deben utilizar una perspectiva de abajo hacia arriba, con microinformación sobre las personas mayores. Las perspectivas ascendentes sugieren consecuencias menos graves del envejecimiento para LTC, al incluir información sobre recursos y necesidades, quejas y problemas de las familias y servicios. Existe información de abajo hacia arriba entre los trabajadores sociales, particularmente en áreas menos urbanizadas donde los servicios sociales funcionan mejor; especialmente en Suecia, menos en España. El problema es cómo alimentar el proceso político con esta información. En ambos países, la pandemia de covid-19 reveló importantes deficiencias en los servicios sociales y la atención médica, y lo peor en las principales áreas urbanas. Las intervenciones tanto en España como en Suecia resultaron insuficientes o mal dirigidas. Lamentablemente, la pandemia no cambió las proyecciones públicas de LTC: se necesitan perspectivas políticas tanto de arriba hacia abajo como de abajo hacia arriba para futuras reformas de LTC, también para reducir las cargas de cuidado familiar.
Tanzimatski princip izborne ravnopravnosti i njegova primjena u Banjalučkom sandžaku (1866-1875)
Authors: Krpić Amir
Published: September 2022

U ovom radu autor predstavlja rezultate tanzimatskog principa izborne ravnopravnosti muslimana i nemuslimana u Banjalučkom sandžaku i njegovim kazama. Pod tim principom podrazumijeva se onaj dio osmanskog Zakona o vilajetima iz 1864, odnosno njegovih dopuna iz 1867. i 1871. godine koji govori o ravnopravnosti muslimana i nemuslimana u smislu izbora njihovih predstavnika u lokalne organe vlasti. U tom smislu, u radu se ne govori o provedbi cijelog Zakona o vilajetima, odnosno o cjelokupnoj administraciji i administrativnim organima u Banjalučkom sandžaku, već samo o upravnim i gradskim vijećima i sudovima, kako na nivou sandžaka, tako i na nivou njemu pripadajućih kaza. Rad je napisan na osnovu relevantne literature, a podaci o pomenutim organima preuzimani su iz osmanskih godišnjih izvještaja za Bosanski vilajet (salnama). Opšta ocjena je da je izborna ravnopravnost na navedenom području ispoštovana, ali ne i u cijelosti, budući da su postojala očigledna odstupanja od zakonskih odredbi.
Цицерон и Сенека о пријатељству
Authors: Пртија Слободанка
Published: September 2022

Пријатељство је било веома важно у античком периоду. Пјесни- ци су га славили, филозофи расправљали о његовој природи и вриједностима, писци га његовали кроз своја дјела, писма, по- свете, утјехе, романе итд. У овом раду приказаћемо ставове два римска аутора, Марка Тулија Цицерона и Луција Анеја Сенеке, о пријатељству и његовом значају. Цицеронов дијалог Laelius de amicitia представља најзначајније дјело о пријатељству са- чувано из античког периода. Сазнања о Сенекиним ставовима према пријатељским односима налазимо спорадично у неко- лицини његових писама у збирци Epistulae morales ad Lucilium. Упоређујући садржај дијалога и изабраних писама ова два римска аутора, уочићемо сличности и(ли) разлике у њиховим промишљањима и ставовима према природи и значају прија- тељства.
Rvb1/Rvb2 proteins couple transcription and translation during glucose starvation
Authors: Chen Yang S , Hou Wanfu , Tracy Sharon , Harvey Alex T , Harjono Vince , Xu Fan , Moresco James J , Yates John R , Zid Brian M
Published: September 2022

During times of unpredictable stress, organisms must adapt their gene expression to maximize survival. Along with changes in transcription, one conserved means of gene regulation during conditions that quickly repress translation is the formation of cytoplasmic phase-separated mRNP granules such as P-bodies and stress granules. Previously, we identified that distinct steps in gene expression can be coupled during glucose starvation as promoter sequences in the nucleus are able to direct the subcellular localization and translatability of mRNAs in the cytosol. Here, we report that Rvb1 and Rvb2, conserved ATPase proteins implicated as protein assembly chaperones and chromatin remodelers, were enriched at the promoters and mRNAs of genes involved in alternative glucose metabolism pathways that we previously found to be transcriptionally upregulated but translationally downregulated during glucose starvation in yeast. Engineered Rvb1/Rvb2-binding on mRNAs was sufficient to sequester mRNAs into mRNP granules and repress their translation. Additionally, this Rvb tethering to the mRNA drove further transcriptional upregulation of the target genes. Further, we found that depletion of Rvb2 caused decreased alternative glucose metabolism gene mRNA induction, but upregulation of protein synthesis during glucose starvation. Overall, our results point to Rvb1/Rvb2 coupling transcription, mRNA granular localization, and translatability of mRNAs during glucose starvation. This Rvb-mediated rapid gene regulation could potentially serve as an efficient recovery plan for cells after stress removal.
Learning of probabilistic punishment as a model of anxiety produces changes in action but not punisher encoding in the dmPFC and VTA
Authors: Jacobs David S , Allen Madeleine C , Park Junchol , Moghaddam Bita
Published: September 2022

Previously, we developed a novel model for anxiety during motivated behavior by training rats to perform a task where actions executed to obtain a reward were probabilistically punished and observed that after learning, neuronal activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) represent the relationship between action and punishment risk (Park and Moghaddam, 2017). Here, we used male and female rats to expand on the previous work by focusing on neural changes in the dmPFC and VTA that were associated with the learning of probabilistic punishment, and anxiolytic treatment with diazepam after learning. We find that adaptive neural responses of dmPFC and VTA during the learning of anxiogenic contingencies are independent from the punisher experience and occur primarily during the peri-action and reward period. Our results also identify peri-action ramping of VTA neural calcium activity, and VTA-dmPFC correlated activity, as potential markers for the anxiolytic properties of diazepam.
5-Methylindole kills various bacterial pathogens and potentiates aminoglycoside against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Li Zhongyan , Sun Fengqi , Fu Xinmiao , Chen Yajuan
Published: September 2022

Antibiotic resistance of bacterial pathogens has become a severe threat to human health. To counteract antibiotic resistance, it is of significance to discover new antibiotics and also improve the efficacy of existing antibiotics. Here we show that 5-methylindole, a derivative of the interspecies signaling molecule indole, is able to directly kill various Gram-positive pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and also Gram-negative ones (e.g., Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), with 2-methylindole being less potent. Particularly, 5-methylindole can kill methicillin-resistant S. aureus, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and antibiotic-tolerant S. aureus persisters. Furthermore, 5-methylindole significantly potentiates aminoglycoside antibiotics, but not fluoroquinolones, killing of S. aureus. In addition, 5-iodoindole also potentiates aminoglycosides. Our findings open a new avenue to develop indole derivatives like 5-methylindole as antibacterial agents or adjuvants of aminoglycoside.
Significance of HER2/neu Expression in Oesophageal Carcinomas and its Association with the Histopathological Grading
Authors: . Saranya , Prabha Suriya , Bantumilli Surekha , Chandrasekar Megala
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Oesophageal carcinomas are one of the most aggressive human malignancies which are associated with a poor prognosis because most of the cases are in stage 2 or 3 at the time of diagnosis with a high frequency of lymph node metastases. It is important to know the prognostic factors can help us on therapeutic decisions and improve the survival of these patients. A member of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) family, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) is a very useful antigenic marker expressed in oesophageal carcinomas which has increasing evidence of therapeutic significance. Aim: To determine the immunological expression of HER2/ neu in oesophageal carcinomas and associate it with the histopathological grading. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pathology at Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, from January 2015 to February 2016. Total 30 cases of histologically proven oesophageal carcinomas were subjected for HER2/neu immunoexpression. Membranous staining was considered as positive and the intensity of staining was scored and compared with various histopathological parameters. The p-value<0.05 using a two-tailed test was taken as level of significance for all statistical tests. Results: Among 30 cases, 24 were squamous cell carcinomas and six were adenocarcinomas. Out of 24 cases of squamous cell carcinomas, there were 20 males and four females. All the six adenocarcinoma cases were males. HER2/neu was positive in 10 cases(41.6%) of squamous cell carcinoma and 4 cases(66.6%) of adenocarcinoma. It was seen in 10% of well differentiated, 60% of moderately differentiated and 80% of poorly differentiated carcinomas. There was significant correlation with staging and lymph node metastases. Higher grade tumours had higher level of expression of HER2/neu. Conclusion: The HER2/neu immunoexpression was significantly higher with progression of tumour grade. Hence, such patients with high grade oesophageal carcinomas and with lymph node metastases could be benefitted with targeted therapy
Design and Implementation of Students’ File Encryption and Decryption System Using One Time Pad Algorithm for Computer Science Department, Adsu Mubi
Authors: Sarjiyus O. , David J. M.
Published: September 2022

The research, design and implementation of students file encryption and decryption system using one-time pad algorithm seeks to improve the security of student records in tertiary institutions by using trusted techniques as given in the research. The purpose is to develop an automated student’s data protection application in order to consolidate existing security measures as it pertains to data integrity and privacy. The software design methodology adopted for the research is the waterfall model due to the fact that is does not allow overlapping of processes. For the system design and implementation. Pelles C programming for windows version 9.00.9 for code generation and startUML was used for user interface design all in a bid to actualize the objectives of the research.
The Decision of the Iraqi Parliament and the Criminalization of Normalization with Israel from the Perspective of International Covenants
Authors: Sobeih Ahmed Hassan
Published: September 2022

Arab countries, especially Gulf Arab countries, tend to normalize relations with Israel for various internal and external reasons until the Palestinian issue is just resolved. These regimes believe that normalization with Israel will help them protect their security and bring them closer to Washington, regardless of where the Palestinians and their people stand on normalization, knowing that Arab opinion still overwhelmingly refuses to recognize it Israel. Some countries relations with Israel expanded to the point of alliance before the establishment of diplomatic relations; what makes normalization impossible to describe, but due to the extreme sensitivity of Arab public opinion, the focus remains on steps to normalize relations. Clearly, this position has not been influenced by concerns and issues within the Arab people. Relations with Israel depend on the calculations of the regime, not the people. In addition to acknowledging that Arab opinion believes that peace with Israel has not brought prosperity to the people of the Arab countries that signed the agreement, and that such peace is one of the reasons for the suspension of political reforms, the Arabs see the Palestinian issue as the ultimate colonial issue and an Arab national issue. change it.
A interdisciplinaridade no Ensino Médio Integrado: mediações com a proposta pedagógica da reforma do Ensino Médio
Authors: Morais Raquel Pereira de , Nonato Maia Filho Osterne , Coelho Gomes Valdemarin
Published: September 2022

O objetivo desse ensaio é analisar a centralidade do princípio da interdisciplinaridade, presente nos documentos oficiais do Ensino Médio (EM) e do Ensino Médio Integrado (EMI), das reformas educacionais implementadas recentemente no país e os desafios que tal empreitada comporta. Discutiremos alguns conceitos de interdisciplinaridade e sua relação com a proposta de integração do ensino médio com a educação profissional. Trata-se de uma análise bibliográfica e documental pautada no método materialista dialético e histórico. Nossa principal conclusão é que a concepção da interdisciplinaridade presente nos documentos oficiais dá margem a uma leitura marcada por uma perspectiva instrumental de ciência, uma espécie de justaposição a-histórica de saberes, fortemente abstrata e descompromissada com a transformação social. Limita-se a uma estratégia aparentemente útil para a resolução de problemas e ao desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades necessárias à realização de uma performance compatível com as exigências do novo mundo do trabalho marcado pela sociedade do conhecimento, portanto longe da perspectiva do ensino médio verdadeiramente integrada como almejado na perspectiva inspirada em Marx.
A formação das juventudes nas tramas da “nova pedagogia da hegemonia”: as diretrizes das reformas do Ensino Médio no contexto de “revolução-restauração”
Authors: Magalhães Álcio Crisóstomo , Michele da Silva Ferreira Terita , Maia Júlio César , Barbosa Guimarães Gabriela , Ivan da Silva Holanda George
Published: September 2022

As reformas e contrarreformas da educação básica na passagem do século XX para o XXI explicam em muito o circuito histórico de “metamorfoseamento da sociedade civil” brasileira. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender como o movimento de inovação do Ensino Médio, processado ao longo desse contexto sócio-histórico, reflete tal fenômeno. É essa compreensão que permite a tese do curto-circuito no “consenso passivo”, objeto da presente investigação. O estudo bibliográfico-documental evidencia que a ruptura com as Diretrizes do Ensino Médio de 1998 e 2011, junto ao expresso na elaboração da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, da Medida Provisória nº 746/2016 e da Lei nº 13.415/2017, anuncia a exaustão da fórmula “revolução-restauração” e o sentido da renovação da hegemonia burguesa no Brasil.
A revolução brasileira será socialista ou não será revolução: as origens da Polop e o nascimento da nova esquerda marxista
Authors: Noberto Lineker
Published: September 2022

A fundação da Organização Revolucionária Marxista – Política Operária (ORM-Polop) é um marco inicial na renovação do movimento marxista brasileiro dos anos 1960. Identificando originalidades em sua posição teórico-política, produções memorialísticas e historiográficas a consideraram “matriz” do que se convencionou chamar de “nova esquerda”. Mas o que exatamente é isto que parte da literatura especializada identificou como a “nova esquerda”? Sua resposta pode ser encontrada ao fim do encaminhamento de uma outra pergunta: Quais condicionantes históricos permitiram a formação de uma organização como a Polop? Este artigo tem o objetivo de responder a ambas.
Se a língua é viva, por que mortificá-la?
Authors: Forti Lorena
Published: September 2022

O artigo objetiva explicitar como a desconsideração do que a sociabilidade e a comunicação humanas têm de peculiar enseja uma noção (dominante) de preconceito linguístico que fomenta o aprofundamento das desigualdades sociais e a mortificação da língua. A argumentação confronta a relação língua-sociedade vista, por um lado, sob a perspectiva da Sociolinguística, e, por outro, sob a perspectiva da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica, declaradamente comprometida com a superação da sociedade de classes, assim como do Materialismo Cultural, no pensamento de Raymond Williams, cuja teoria resulta de reavaliação do lugar da cultura no interior da teoria marxista.
A controvérsia sobre a "burguesia nacional": contribuições marxistas para o estudo da burguesia dependente brasileira
Authors: De Rocamora Guilherme
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo objetiva apresentar uma síntese da controvérsia sobre a “burguesia nacional” no Brasil, desenvolvida por intérpretes marxistas da formação econômico-social brasileira ao longo dos anos 1950, 1960 e 1970. Através de uma revisão bibliográfica, pretendemos abordar os argumentos de um dos principais teóricos defensores da existência de uma “burguesia nacional” no Brasil à época, Nelson Werneck Sodré, bem como de três dos seus críticos: Caio Prado Jr., Ruy Mauro Marini e Florestan Fernandes. As formulações provenientes desta controvérsia nos concedem aportes teóricos para a compreensão das particularidades históricas da burguesia dependente brasileira.
Teoria, dependência e uma práxis latino-americana: a atualidade do pensamento de Ruy Mauro Marini à crítica da globalização capitalista
Authors: Lepinski Willian , Michelan Barcat Iuri , Lopes Amorim Mário , Augusto Pinto Geraldo
Published: September 2022

Este artigo se propõe a recuperar os fundamentos e o desenvolvimento da teoria marxista da dependência, em especial a partir do pensamento de Ruy Mauro Marini, tendo em vista a discussão a respeito das circunstâncias atuais do desenvolvimento capitalista em escala mundial e da posição da América Latina, particularmente do Brasil, no seu interior. Queremos mostrar como as indicações de Marini em seu último texto, Proceso y tendencias de la globalización capitalista, estão organicamente articuladas com o todo de sua produção teórica – e não em contradição com ela – e jogam luz sobre a nossa situação atual, relacionando essas indicações com análises teóricas e empíricas mais recentes a respeito da economia capitalista mundial.
"Mudar para que tudo fique como está”: a reforma do ensino médio e o aprofundamento da dependência educacional no Brasil
Authors: Rufino Castro Matheus , Felippe de Oliveira Isabela
Published: September 2022

Este estudo almeja pesquisar a Reforma do Ensino Médio (REM), suas determinações e consequências para a educação pública. Partimos da Teoria Marxista da Dependência como forma de analisar a realidade brasileira e, a partir dela, compreender as contradições da REM, gestada em um contexto de crise do capitalismo para satisfazer os imperativos de ampliação da acumulação de capital além de consolidação da dominação social. Analisamos, além da legislação nacional, o Plano de Implementação do “Novo Ensino Médio” na rede estadual do Rio de Janeiro (SEEDUC-RJ, 2021). Constatamos que a implementação da REM resultará em: expropriação do conhecimento científico da juventude e a sua conformação aos valores do capital, além da retirada de direitos trabalhistas e privatização da educação pública, agravando o quadro de dependência educacional.
Dinámica productiva y financiera en el ciclo del capital de la economía dependiente. Reflexiones teóricas desde la Teoría Marxista de la Dependencia
Authors: Teixeira de Lima Rafael
Published: September 2022

Este breve ensayo tiene la intención de ampliar las reflexiones teóricas acerca de las especificidades, en las dinámicas productiva y financiera, del ciclo del capital en las economías dependientes de América Latina, a partir de las contribuciones de Marx y de intelectuales de la Teoría Marxista de la Dependencia. Cuál quantum de valor producido es repasado a los trabajadores en la forma de salarios, cuál quantum de valor producido es apropiado por los capitalistas en la forma de plusvalía, a quiénes están destinados los valores de uso producidos en América Latina, por qué hay una ruptura entre las fases de la producción y de la circulación, y cómo el capital financiero impacta el ciclo de las economías dependientes son algunos de los interrogantes que atraviesan el presente estudio.
A lei geral da acumulação capitalista: particularidades a partir da dependência
Authors: Freire de Almeida Yuri
Published: September 2022

Este artigo aborda a lei geral da acumulação capitalista, explicitando o seu caráter histórico e tendencial, e apontando suas determinações relativas à luta de classes. Expõe-se a importância desse princípio para a compreensão dos fenômenos da desigualdade e da pauperização. Entretanto, destaca-se que tal lei necessita de apontamentos teóricos adicionais que permitam a captação desses mesmos princípios nas formações econômico-sociais periféricas. Propõe-se que a lei geral encontra, nos países dependentes, particularidades que podem ser explicadas a partir da “superexploração do trabalho”. Conclui-se que a superexploração particulariza a lei geral da acumulação.
Homem, educação e desenvolvimento nacional: três premissas de estudos em Álvaro Vieira Pinto
Authors: Amboni Vanderlei
Published: September 2022

As premissas homem, educação e desenvolvimento nacional são aspectos que Álvaro Vieira Pinto (AVP) se debruçou em estudá-los para compreendê-los na sua historicidade. Para esse fim, analisaremos as obras de AVP, cujo objeto homem, educação e desenvolvimento nacional se fazem presente. O objetivo é refletir sobre a existência do homem como ser do trabalho, a educação como processo social e desenvolvimento e consciência nacional como projeto de nação. A investigação e exposição do objeto terão o método dialético para compreensão do real. Como resultado, o leitor poderá comprovar a necessidade que AVP tem em integrar as massas ao projeto de desenvolvimento nacional como processo ideológico de uma consciência nacional.
Mercantilização e educação: os impactos do capitalismo dependente na educação superior no Brasil no contexto da crise estrutural do capital
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Renato , Escolástica de Moura Santos Maria , Pereira dos Santos Pedro
Published: September 2022

O presente estudo busca analisar a relação entre a mercantilização da Educação superior e o capitalismo dependente, sendo este um traço do processo peculiar de desenvolvimento da realidade econômica brasileira. Assim, entende-se que a subordinação do ensino superior à lógica de mercado é um efeito da estrutura do sistema do capital que se encontra sustentada no tripé capital, trabalho assalariado e Estado. Com base no Materialismo histórico-dialético esta pesquisa que tem caráter bibliográfico, está orientada pelos estudos de FERNANDES (1975), MARX (2013; 2010), MÉSZÁROS (2000; 2008; 2011), MINTO (2006), RODRIGUES (2013) e SGUISSARDI (2000; 2008; 2015).
As mulheres entre o exército de reserva e a superexploração da força de trabalho: o estado da Bahia nas primeiras décadas do século XXI
Authors: Loureiro Elisabeth Zorgetz
Published: September 2022

A partir das categorias da superexploração do trabalho e das dinâmicas da superpopulação relativa, questionou-se como a superexploração das mulheres na esfera produtiva, combinada às tarefas de reprodução desempenhadas por elas para a parcial restauração da força de trabalho conjugam-se em um mecanismo regulador da classe trabalhadora no capitalismo dependente. Os resultados e ponderações demonstraram que, enquanto o exércido de reserva apresenta mudanças pontuais em suas camadas, recrutando mais mulheres ao assalariamento sem alterar seu tamanho total, o incremento do desgaste da força de trabalho feminina atua como um contrapeso ao movimento de violação do valor da força de trabalho total.
O direito do trabalho no capitalismo dependente: limites, potência, efetividade [Alessandro da Silva]
Authors: Novaes Santiago Renato
Published: September 2022

Resenha do livro O direito do trabalho no capitalismo dependente, de Alessandro Silva
Cultura e capitalismo dependente: notas para uma teoria marxista da dependência cultural
Authors: Borja Bruno
Published: September 2022

A teoria marxista da dependência nos legou um marco teórico-político para analisar as formações econômico-sociais latino-americanas, tratando a dependência como uma totalidade e captando as particularidades do modo de produção capitalista na região. No entanto, dentro dessa totalidade de análise, pouco espaço foi dado à cultura e à dependência cultural. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar, na relação entre cultura e capitalismo dependente, notas para uma teoria marxista da dependência cultural. A partir da definição de cultura enquanto modo de vida, procuro analisar a trajetória de desenvolvimento do capitalismo dependente e suas conexões com a dependência cultural.