bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Linear Response Function of an Idealized Atmosphere. Part I: Construction Using Green’s Functions and Applications
Authors: Hassanzadeh Pedram , Kuang Zhiming
Published: May 2016

A linear response function (LRF) determines the mean response of a nonlinear climate system to weak imposed forcings, and an eddy flux matrix (EFM) determines the eddy momentum and heat flux responses to mean-flow changes. Neither LRF nor EFM can be calculated from first principles owing to the lack of a complete theory for turbulent eddies. Here the LRF and EFM for an idealized dry atmosphere are computed by applying numerous localized weak forcings, one at a time, to a GCM with Held–Suarez physics and calculating the mean responses. The LRF and EFM for zonally averaged responses are then constructed using these forcings and responses through matrix inversion. Tests demonstrate that LRF and EFM are fairly accurate. Spectral analysis of the LRF shows that the most excitable dynamical mode, the neutral vector, strongly resembles the model’s annular mode. The framework described here can be employed to compute the LRF and EFM for zonally asymmetric responses and more complex GCMs. The potential applications of the LRF and EFM constructed here are (i) forcing a specified mean flow for hypothesis testing, (ii) isolating/quantifying the eddy feedbacks in complex eddy–mean flow interaction problems, and (iii) evaluating/improving more generally applicable methods currently used to construct LRFs or diagnose eddy feedbacks in comprehensive GCMs or observations. As an example for (iii), in Part II, the LRF is also computed using the fluctuation–dissipation theorem (FDT), and the previously calculated LRF is exploited to investigate why FDT performs poorly in some cases. It is shown that dimension reduction using leading EOFs, which is commonly used to construct LRFs from the FDT, can significantly degrade the accuracy owing to the nonnormality of the operator.
Diagnosis of the Source and Evolution of Medium-Range Forecast Errors for Extratropical Cyclone Joachim
Authors: Lamberson William S. , Torn Ryan D. , Bosart Lance F. , Magnusson Linus
Published: May 2016

Medium-range forecasts for Cyclone Joachim, an extratropical cyclone that impacted western Europe on 16 December 2011, consistently predicted a high-impact intense cyclone; however, these forecasts failed to verify. The potential source and propagation of forecast errors for this case are diagnosed from the 51-member European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts Ensemble Prediction System initialized 5 days prior to the cyclone’s landfall. Ensemble members are subdivided into two groups: one that contained the eight members that had the most accurate forecast of Joachim and, the other, the eight members that predicted the most intense cyclone. Composite differences between these two subgroups indicate that the difference between these forecasts originate in tropopause-based subsynoptic waves along a deep trough in the eastern Pacific. These errors move eastward over a northern stream ridge centered on the west coast of North America and modulate the evolution of a trough that dives equatorward out of Canada and is associated with the development of Joachim. Forecast error calculations and relaxation experiments indicate that reducing forecast errors associated with these subsynoptic features leads to more accurate forecasts. These results present further evidence that subsynoptic errors, especially those originating in the warm sector of a cyclone, can be a significant source of downstream forecast errors.
Effects of functionalization on the mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotubes: A molecular dynamics approach
Authors: Singh Pradeep Kumar , Sharma Kamal , Kumar Amit , Shukla Mukul
Published: May 2016

Carbon nanotubes have been proposed as an ideal reinforcement for the fabrication of nanocomposites. However, because of their chemical inertness, carbon nanotubes have to be functionalized in order to acquire superior properties. In the present paper, we examine the effect of functionalization of single-, double-, and triple-walled carbon nanotubes with ethylene-di-amine, analyzing their elastic properties. Condensed-phase optimized molecular potentials for atomistic simulations studies force field is used to model the interatomic interactions for armchair (5,5), (9,0), and (10,10) configuration carbon nanotubes. Molecular dynamics simulations for carbon nanotubes with various densities of the attached ethylene-di-amine molecules have been performed. This study quantitatively investigates the effect of amine functionalization (up to 12 numbers of ethylene-di-amine groups) on the Young's, bulk, and shear moduli and tensile strengths of different carbon nanotube structures.
Preferential Biases for Texts That Include Neuroscientific Jargon
Authors: Tabacchi Marco E. , Cardaci Maurizio
Published: May 2016

The results of an experiment of preferential biases for texts that include neuroscientific jargon are presented. Such preferential bias has been reported even when the presented jargon is meaningless. In a variation of the well-known Weisberg et al. experiment, a group of undergraduate students ( N = 150; females 48%, males 52%, other 0%; M age = 22.4 year, SD = 2.6) chose between two possible explanations for a psychological phenomenon: a correct explanation or a circular restatement of facts. Unrelated neuroscientific terms were added to one of the explanations. Participants were asked to choose the correct explanation. There was a statistically significant preference for the explanation without neuroscientific terms. These findings differ from Weisberg et al.’s experiment and a number of others. The implications of this discrepancy are discussed.
Translation Quality Assessment in Health Research: A Functionalist Alternative to Back-Translation
Authors: Colina Sonia , Marrone Nicole , Ingram Maia , Sánchez Daisey
Published: May 2016

As international research studies become more commonplace, the importance of developing multilingual research instruments continues to increase and with it that of translated materials. It is therefore not unexpected that assessing the quality of translated materials (e.g., research instruments, questionnaires, etc.) has become essential to cross-cultural research, given that the reliability and validity of the research findings crucially depend on the translated instruments. In some fields (e.g., public health and medicine), the quality of translated instruments can also impact the effectiveness and success of interventions and public campaigns. Back-translation (BT) is a commonly used quality assessment tool in cross-cultural research. This quality assurance technique consists of (a) translation (target text [TT1]) of the source text (ST), (b) translation (TT2) of TT1back into the source language, and (c) comparison of TT2with ST to make sure there are no discrepancies. The accuracy of the BT with respect to the source is supposed to reflect equivalence/accuracy of the TT. This article shows how the use of BT as a translation quality assessment method can have a detrimental effect on a research study and proposes alternatives to BT. One alternative is illustrated on the basis of the translation and quality assessment methods used in a research study on hearing loss carried out in a border community in the southwest of the United States.
A novel curvature-controllable steerable needle for percutaneous intervention
Authors: Bui Van Khuyen , Park Sukho , Park Jong-Oh , Ko Seong Young
Published: May 2016

Over the last few decades, flexible steerable robotic needles for percutaneous intervention have been the subject of significant interest. However, there still remain issues related to (a) steering the needle’s direction with less damage to surrounding tissues and (b) increasing the needle’s maximum curvature for better controllability. One widely used approach is to control the fixed-angled bevel-tip needle using a “duty-cycle” algorithm. While this algorithm has shown its applicability, it can potentially damage surrounding tissue, which has prevented the widespread adoption of this technology. This situation has motivated the development of a new steerable flexible needle that can change its curvature without axial rotation, while at the same time producing a larger curvature. In this article, we propose a novel curvature-controllable steerable needle. The proposed robotic needle consists of two parts: a cannula and a stylet with a bevel-tip. The curvature of the needle’s path is controlled by a control offset, defined by the offset between the bevel-tip and the cannula. As a result, the necessity of rotating the whole needle’s body is decreased. The duty-cycle algorithm is utilized to a limited degree to obtain a larger radius of curvature, which is similar to a straight path. The first prototype of 0.46 mm (outer diameter) was fabricated and tested with both in vitro gelatin phantom and ex vivo cow liver tissue. The maximum curvatures measured 0.008 mm−1 in 6 wt% gelatin phantom, 0.0139 mm−1 in 10 wt% gelatin phantom, and 0.0038 mm−1 in cow liver. The experimental results show a linear relationship between the curvature and the control offset, which can be utilized for future implementation of this control algorithm.
Induction of matrix metalloproteinase-1 by tumor necrosis factor-α is mediated by interleukin-6 in cultured fibroblasts of keratoconus
Authors: Du Genlai , Liu Chengxing , Li Xiaona , Chen Weiyi , He Rui , Wang Xiaojun , Feng Pengfei , Lan Weiwei
Published: May 2016

Inflammatory molecules and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) have been found over-expressed in the tear film of patients with keratoconus. However, the mechanistic link between inflammatory molecules and MMPs in the pathogenesis of keratoconus remains still elusive. Therefore, we investigated the effect of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) on MMP-1 expression and used IL-6 antibody (IL-6 Ab) to examine the role of IL-6 on TNF-α mediated regulation of MMP-1 in fibroblasts of normal cornea and keratoconus. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot data demonstrated that MMP-1 and IL-6 were expressed in fibroblasts of normal cornea and keratoconus. Levels of MMP-1 and IL-6 were significantly higher in keratoconus than normal cornea. TNF-α treatment led to a significant increase in IL-6 levels. IL-6 treatment induced MMP-1 synthesis in normal cornea and keratoconus. TNF-α increased MMP-1 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner and this response was completely inhibited by the IL-6 Ab. In conclusion, these results indicate that fibroblasts of keratoconus shows increased levels of IL-6 and MMP-1 gene and protein expression and IL-6 mediates the TNF-α-induced MMP-1 expression.
O Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) sob as lentes dos profissionais do programa “MAIS MÉDICOS”
Authors: SILVA Jefferson Carlos Araujo , MOREIRA Ana Karine De Figueiredo , GOMES Dandara Beatriz Costa , BEZERRA Euriene Maria De Araujo , CAMPELO Gaussianne De Oliveira , SILVA Luan Nascimento da , RIBEIRO Mara Dayanne Alves , MARTINS Nábila Evelyn
Published: May 2016

Objetivo: Elucidar aspectos da inserção dos profissionais do programa mais médicos, analisando sua percepção acerca do programa. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória, descritiva e qualitativa. Para tal, aplicou-se um questionário contendo 5 (cinco) perguntas aos profissionais médicos estrangeiros (no total: cinco entrevistados), integrados às equipes de Saúde da Família no município de Cocal-PI. O corpus empírico foi analisado pela técnica proposta por Bardin. Desta análise, resultaram 3 (três) categorias: aspirações positivas, o SUS que o cubano vê e sistemas de saúde comparados. Foram assegurados aos participantes o anonimato e a confidencialidade das respostas. Resultados: Na categoria “aspirações positivas”, agrupou as respostas referentes ao desejo de melhorar a saúde pública no Brasil e melhorar os indicadores de saúde da população, presente em quase todos os entrevistados como um coro. Na categoria “o SUS que o cubano vê”, reuniu-se as percepções dos médicos estrangeiros acerca da infraestrutura e da assistência prestada pelo Sistema de Saúde no Brasil, na qual se destacou a gratuidade e a universalidade desse Sistema. Na comparação do SUS com o sistema cubano de saúde verificou-se como o SUS está à frente, em termos teóricos, dos demais sistemas, necessitando de ajustes práticos. Conclusão: o estudo revelou anseios e proporcionou conhecer a visão dos profissionais sobre o SUS, compreendendo seus fatores motivacionais frente à integração do programa.
Aprendizaje Inverso en Formación Profesional: Opiniones de los estudiantes
Authors: Fernández Gámez David , Guerra Martín María Dolores
Published: May 2016

El Aprendizaje Inverso o Flipped Classroom es una metodología de aprendizaje que fomenta el trabajo autónomo del alumnado, transfiriendo fuera del aula el trabajo de determinados procesos de aprendizaje. Requiere de una tecnología y diseño pedagógico centrado en promover potencialidades de aprendizaje en los estudiantes. Nos propusimos como objetivos poner en marcha el aprendizaje inverso en el aula durante el curso 2014/2015 y conocer las opiniones del proceso de aprendizaje de los alumnos de la asignatura Dotación Sanitaria dentro del Ciclo Formativo de Grado Medio de Técnico en Emergencias Sanitarias en Sevilla (España). Tras la finalización del curso se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal, con una muestra de trece alumnos matriculados (100%). Se realizó un cuestionario de elaboración propia conformado por doce preguntas, con seis opciones de respuesta tipo Likert. La recogida de datos se realizó en el aula, de manera autoadministrada. En los resultados obtenidos, el 100% de los alumnos estuvo de acuerdo y totalmente de acuerdo con que el aprendizaje inverso les permite tener más tiempo para resolver las dudas en clase. Además, ningún estudiante ha valorado negativamente ningún ítem, ni ha dejado ninguno sin contestar. Como conclusión, decir que el alumnado reconoce que el aprendizaje inverso es más motivador que el tradicional, ya que promueve la investigación y reflexión, y mejora el rendimiento formativo. Para llevar a cabo este aprendizaje inverso, se necesitan una tecnología apropiada y un diseño pedagógico centrado en promover el trabajo autónomo del alumnado.
Implementación de un MOOC en cursos presenciales como estrategia para elevar el rendimiento académico
Authors: Paz Robles Vidal , Zepeda Ruíz Jaime Eduardo
Published: May 2016

La innovación es un proceso que genera beneficios en la educación, por ello en el Instituto Tecnológico Superior de El Grullo (ITS El Grullo) se llevó a cabo un  proyecto de investigación para valorar estrategias de aprendizaje; dentro del presente trabajo se presentan los resultados de la implementación de un Curso Abierto en Línea Masivo, por sus siglas en inglés MOOC (Massive Open Online Course), en un grupo de estudiantes del ITS El Grullo que cursó la asignatura de Probabilidad y Estadística Descriptiva con el objetivo de probar la utilidad del MOOC para elevar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes dentro de esta asignatura. Para su aplicación se trabajó con dos grupos que cursaron la materia con el propósito de tener un grupo de control y uno al cual se le aplicó el tratamiento, para realizar una prueba estadística T, la cual se llevó a cabo para verificar si tuvo efecto el tratamiento y para analizar si existían diferencias significativas por la estrategia implementada. Los resultados obtenidos a través de una evaluación tipo examen mostraron que los alumnos que se sometieron al tratamiento con el MOOC obtuvieron calificaciones significativamente mayores, en el sentido estadístico, que aquellos que trabajaron con las estrategias didácticas tradicionales. Por lo tanto se concluye que la implementación de un MOOC en un curso presencial puede llegar a ser una buena estrategia para incrementar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.
Presentación
Authors: Ruiz-Palmero Julio
Published: May 2016

Presentación del Vol 2. Núm 1 de la Revista Innoeduca
Identification and Analysis of Zbs1, a Dominant Male‐Sterile Mutant of Naked Oat (Avena nuda L.)
Authors: Yang Cai , Zhou Haitao , Shi Xiao , Zhang Xinjun , Li Tianliang , Yang Xiaohong , Zhang Qian , Lu Tiegang
Published: May 2016

A dominant male‐sterile mutant of naked oat (Avena nuda L. ‘Zbs1’) was identified in a plant breeding program for accession A. nuda ‘Pin5’, a widely cultivated naked oat variety in northwest China. No significant differences were detected between Zbs1 and wild‐type plants during the vegetative growth stage. However, at the reproductive stage Zbs1 was significantly different from wild‐type in terms of spikelet morphology and anther development. Iodine‐potassium iodide staining, fluorescein diacetate staining, and germination tests showed that more than 95% of the Zbs1 pollen grains were not viable. Aniline blue staining showed that callose was absent or degraded during the dyad and tetrad stages of microsporogenesis. Furthermore, genetic and histological analyses revealed that Zbs1 is a dominant male‐sterile mutant with a stable, heritable phenotype that is not affected by cytoplasmic or environmental factors (e.g., location and photoperiod). These results indicate that Zbs1 is a novel, stable male‐sterile mutant of naked oat that can be used in breeding programs to facilitate recurrent selection and multi‐crossing schemes.
Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Resistance to Soybean Cyst Nematode Combining Linkage and Association Mapping
Authors: Li Ying‐hui , Shi Xue‐hui , Li Hui‐hui , Reif Jochen C. , Wang Jia‐jun , Liu Zhang‐xiong , He Sang , Yu Bai‐shuang , Qiu Li‐juan
Published: May 2016

A set of 585 informative single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci was used to genotype both a panel of diverse accessions and a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) bred from the cross Zhongpin03‐5373 (ZP; resistant to SCN) × Zhonghuang13 (ZH; susceptible). The SNP loci are mostly sited within genic sequence in regions of the soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] genome thought to harbor genes determining resistance to the soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe). The three strongest quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) identified by association mapping (AM) involved the genes Glyma18 g02590 (a component of the multigene locus rhg1‐b), Glyma11 g35820 and Glyma11 g35810 (an rhg1‐b paralog), as well as some other loci with smaller effects. The linkage mapping (LM) analysis performed using the RILs revealed two putative quantitative trait loci (QTL): one mapping to rhg1‐b and the other to an rhg1‐b paralog; both of these loci were also identified by AM. The former locus explained 25.5% of the phenotypic variance for SCN resistance and the latter 5.8%. In combination, the two major loci acted nonadditively, providing a high level of SCN resistance.
IMPACT OF DUST COOLING ON DIRECT-COLLAPSE BLACK HOLE FORMATION
Authors: Latif M. A. , Omukai K. , Habouzit M. , Schleicher D. R. G. , Volonteri M.
Published: May 2016

Observations of quasars at

suggest the presence of black holes with a few times

. Numerous models have been proposed to explain their existence, including a direct collapse, which provides massive seeds of

. The isothermal direct collapse requires a strong Lyman–Werner (LW) flux to quench

formation in massive primordial halos. In this study, we explore the impact of trace amounts of metals and dust enrichment. We perform three-dimensional cosmological simulations for two halos of

with

illuminated by an intense LW flux of

. Our results show that initially the collapse proceeds isothermally with

K, but dust cooling becomes effective at densities of

and brings the gas temperature down to a few 100–1000 K for

. No gravitationally bound clumps are found in the

cases by the end of our simulations, in contrast to the case with

. Large inflow rates of

are observed for

, similar to a zero-metallicity case, while for

the inflow rate starts to decline earlier because of dust cooling and fragmentation. For given large inflow rates, a central star of

may form for

.
A SEARCH FOR SHORT-PERIOD ROCKY PLANETS AROUND WDs WITH THE COSMIC ORIGINS SPECTROGRAPH (COS)*
Authors: Sandhaus Phoebe H. , Debes John H. , Ely Justin , Hines Dean C. , Bourque Matthew
Published: May 2016

The search for transiting habitable exoplanets has broadened to include several types of stars that are smaller than the Sun in an attempt to increase the observed transit depth and hence the atmospheric signal of the planet. Of all spectral types, white dwarfs (WDs) are the most favorable for this type of investigation. The fraction of WDs that possess close-in rocky planets is unknown, but several large angle stellar surveys have the photometric precision and cadence to discover at least one if they are common. Ultraviolet observations of WDs may allow for detection of molecular oxygen or ozone in the atmosphere of a terrestrial planet. We use archival Hubble Space Telescope data from the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph to search for transiting rocky planets around UV-bright WDs. In the process, we discovered unusual variability in the pulsating WD GD 133, which shows slow sinusoidal variations in the UV. While we detect no planets around our small sample of targets, we do place stringent limits on the possibility of transiting planets, down to sub-lunar radii. We also point out that non-transiting small planets in thermal equilibrium are detectable around hotter WDs through infrared excesses, and identify two candidates.
L’adieu aux armes ?
Authors: Duclos Nathalie
Published: May 2016

L’introduction présente les travaux d’histoire et de science politique portant sur les vétérans de conflits armés variés, qu’ils soient interétatiques ou intraétatiques. Deux traditions d’analyse apparaissent qui, tout en s’étant développées parallèlement, sont traversées par des interrogations communes. Après les avoir mises en évidence, l’auteure propose une reformulation des questions de recherche devant présider à une sociologie politique du retour à la vie civile des anciens combattants et de leurs trajectoires post-conflit. Critiquant les approches selon lesquelles la fin de la guerre ouvrirait une ère radicalement nouvelle, elle invite notamment à être attentif aux continuités/ discontinuités observables après-guerre et héritées de la guerre, qu’elles soient sociologiques ou cognitives. Elle s’interroge également sur les éventuelles difficultés à « sortir » de la violence, sur les effets à cet égard des politiques menées à destination des anciens combattants et sur la part des stratégies d’acteurs dans les recompositions d’après-guerre. Le concept de carrière proposé par Howard Becker semble heuristique pour l’appréhension des trajectoires des anciens combattants après-guerre.
L’adieu aux armes ?
Authors: Tanner Samuel
Published: May 2016

Comment d’anciens miliciens ayant participé à la violence de masse se recyclent-ils une fois la guerre terminée ? Réintègrent-ils un contexte « normalisé » de relations sociales, politiques et communautaires ? Voit-on s’opérer un transfert de l’expérience de violence, sous forme d’acquisition de registres ou d’un habitus de la violence  ? Ce chapitre propose une ethnographie de l’expérience de reconversion, dans leur communauté, de quatre anciens miliciens serbes ayant participé à la violence de masse en ex-Yougoslavie durant les années 1990. Les enquêtes de terrain et l’ensemble des observations collectées ont révélé la nécessité d’appréhender cette reconversion sous un angle double, collectif et individuel. Collectivement, on assiste à une reconfiguration de l’économie des relations sociales au sein de la communauté, qui tend à cristalliser un ordre nouveau, érigeant peu à peu ces anciens membres de bandes armées en élite locale. Individuellement, les survivances de guerre s’expriment par une difficulté à faire sens d’un investissement passé injustifiable et, pour certains, à vivre avec cette expérience en eux. Cela transparaît notamment dans un rapport ambivalent qu’ils ont à la violence.
L’adieu aux armes ?
Authors: Roux Christophe
Published: May 2016

Cette contribution met en lumière un cas de mobilisation d’anciens combattants qui n’a pas mené au totalitarisme ou à l’autoritarisme mais a contribué, tout au contraire, à un début de construction démocratique : c’est ce que montre l’étude des anciens combattants en Sardaigne au lendemain de la Première Guerre mondiale. Le texte rappelle le contexte régional de sortie de conflit, la structuration associative des anciens combattants et la manière dont s’est opérée la transformation de celui-ci en parti politique autonomiste se soumettant et organisant le suffrage universel masculin avant l’arrivée du fascisme en Italie.
L’adieu aux armes ?
Authors: Merlin Aude
Published: May 2016

Cette contribution aborde la façon dont l’entre-deux-guerres de Tchétchénie a été sapé par des spoilers . Maskhadov, qui dirigeait l’armée tchétchène d’Itchkérie, bien qu’élu président de la Tchétchénie en 1997, est rapidement affaibli par d’autres anciens combattants tchétchènes regroupés essentiellement dans la mouvance islamiste. Sans occulter la prégnance de la politique de Moscou vis-à-vis de cette jeune indépendance tchétchène et ses éventuelles collusions avec les spoilers de l’intérieur, cet article s’attache à analyser comment la non-réintégration des anciens combattants dans le tissu social et politique d’après-guerre a favorisé la diffusion de la violence et sapé l’autorité du Président tout récemment élu, dans un contexte de destruction quasi totale, d’absence de tradition politique étatique en Tchétchénie et de montée en puissance des islamistes.
L’adieu aux armes ?
Authors: Banégas Richard
Published: May 2016

La Côte d’Ivoire a connu depuis le début du conflit en 2002 une floraison de structures miliciennes dans les régions méridionales. Soulignant l’historicité de cette dynamique, ce chapitre analyse la place de ces miliciens depuis la fin officielle du conflit et s’interroge sur leur influence sociale et politique. Croisant des données d’enquêtes sur les milices rurales de l’Ouest et celles d’Abidjan, il montre que les jeunes enrégimentés ont acquis un pouvoir non négligeable à l’échelle locale et nationale qui bouleverse les rapports intergénérationnels. Cette contribution insiste toutefois sur le caractère contingent de cette prise de pouvoir, qui reste très variable selon les groupes et les régions. Si certains anciens combattants sont devenus de véritables figures de la réussite sociale, d’autres se considèrent comme les laissés-pour-compte du processus de paix. S’interrogeant sur la « brutalisation » de la société et la subjectivation des jeunes par la violence, ce texte envisage la diffusion d’un éventuel « éthos guerrier » en posant l’hypothèse que celui-ci doit être mis en rapport avec une économie (im)morale des ghettos dominée par une figure très ambiguë, celle du « guerrier » urbain.
Un touriste co-créateur est-il un touriste heureux ? Étude de l’impact de la co-création sur le bien-être du consommateur
Authors: Dekhili Sihem , Hallem Yousra
Published: May 2016

Cet article s’attache à étudier le comportement co-créateur du touriste et le bien-être du consommateur associé à l’activité de co-création. Les résultats de deux études qualitatives exploratoires montrent que le comportement co-créateur du touriste comporte un volet participatif qui est nécessaire à la réussite du processus de co-création et un volet citoyen qui lui, au contraire, n’est pas obligatoire à la réussite de ce processus. Enfin, différentes dimensions du bien-être du consommateur ont été identifiées - avant, pendant et après le processus de co-création - comme la satisfaction, le contentement, le plaisir, l’assurance et la fierté.
Les pratiques conjointes de responsabilité sociale de l’entreprise (RSE) au sein d’un écosystème d’affaires. Une étude de cas
Authors: Lacoste Sylvie , Pardo Catherine
Published: May 2016

Ce travail s’intéresse à la façon dont des entreprises impliquées dans des relations clients-fournisseurs peuvent développer, au-delà des frontières de leur relation commerciale, une relation collaborative créatrice de valeur sociale. La question au cœur de la recherche est celle du lien qui peut dès lors exister entre ces deux types de relations : le développement de pratiques communes en matière de responsabilité sociale des entreprises (RSE) est-il un moyen de favoriser la collaboration dans une chaine de valeur verticale ? L’analyse du cas d’une association gérée conjointement par une entreprise et ses fournisseurs montre qu’il existe un lien entre des pratiques communes (menées conjointement par une entreprise et ses fournisseurs) de responsabilité sociale et des pratiques commerciales. Nous proposons de qualifier ce lien. Nous montrons que pour certains acteurs, « l’arène sociale », si elle est un véritable lieu de création de valeur sociale est aussi un lieu où se jouent, sous une nouvelle forme, des rapports de pouvoir. Au final l’impact du social sur le commercial, pour ces acteurs, reste limité. Pour d’autres acteurs, en revanche, les échanges qui se nouent au sein de « l’arène sociale » sont de nature à faciliter, en retour, les échanges au sein de « l’arène commerciale ».
La dynamique des guanxi dans l’internationalisation des entreprises chinoises en France : l’exemple de l’intermédiarité
Authors: Rozay Wang Elen , Karjalainen Héléna
Published: May 2016

L’émergence de la Chine, et notamment l’internationalisation accélérée des entreprises chinoises ces dernières années, interpellent et semblent nous imposer de nouveaux défis culturels. Cet article a pour objectif de comprendre les mécanismes des guanxi - les réseaux sociaux chinois - qui entrent en jeu dans le contexte d’internationalisation des entreprises chinoises en France. L’intérêt de cette étude est de présenter un cas unique, à multiples niveaux de guanxi , à travers le fonctionnement de l’ Association for Europe-China Cooperation (AECC), une agence d’accompagnement des entreprises dans les échanges commerciaux entre la Chine et l’Europe. L’exemple développe le cas de la ville de Mingshan qui cherche à internationaliser ses entreprises notamment vers la France.
Free Product C* -algebras Associated with Graphs, Free Differentials, and Laws of Loops
Authors: Hartglass Michael
Published: May 2016

We study a canonical C* -algebra, 𝒮(Г,μ), that arises from a weighted graph (Г,μ), speci fic cases of which were previously studied in the context of planar algebras. We discuss necessary and sufficient conditions of the weighting that ensure simplicity and uniqueness of trace of 𝒮(Г,μ), and study the structure of its positive cone. We then study the *-algebra,𝒜, generated by the generators of 𝒮(Г,μ), and use a free differential calculus and techniques of Charlesworth and Shlyakhtenko as well as Mai, Speicher, and Weber to show that certain “loop” elements have no atoms in their spectral measure. After modifying techniques of Shlyakhtenko and Skoufranis to show that self adjoint elements x ∊ Mn(𝒜) have algebraic Cauchy transform, we explore some applications to eigenvalues of polynomials inWishart matrices and to diagrammatic elements in von Neumann algebras initially considered by Guionnet, Jones, and Shlyakhtenko.
DISCURSOS MORAIS E DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS NA FILOSOFIA DE ADAM SMITH
Authors: Quintana André Marzulo
Published: May 2016

O artigo considera a filosofia da ciência de Adam Smith na busca de argumentos a respeito da diferença entre os discursos morais e os discursos das ciências naturais. Essa diferença é proposta a partir dos princípios empregados por Smith nas suas teorias sobre os objetos científicos, os sentimentos morais e as riquezas das nações. Em decorrência, apresenta-se um entendimento acerca da ontologia científica de Smith, com destaque para os princípios de origem natural, os quais firmam a posição metafísica para a noção de liberdade, e o utilitarismo, que funda a Ciência Econômica.
FINANCIAMENTO IMOBILIÁRIO NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE HISTÓRICA COMPREENDENDO O PERÍODO DE 1964 A 2013, NORTEADA PELO ARCABOUÇO TEÓRICO PÓS-KEYNESIANO E EVOLUCIONÁRIO
Authors: Gouveia Ferreira Pinto Ewerton
Published: May 2016

Entre 1964 a 2013 foram criados no Brasil dois sistemas de financiamento com o objetivo de solucionar o problema do déficit habitacional. O primeiro foi o Sistema Financeiro da Habitação (SFH), criado em 1964 que tinha seu foco direcionado para o financiamento de imóveis residenciais para a população de baixa renda, o segundo foi o Sistema de Financiamento Imobiliário (SFI), criado em 1997, que tinha um caráter mais amplo e funcionava sobre uma lógica de financiamento de mercado. Por fatores característicos da economia brasileira o SFI não conseguiu galgar grandes resultados, de modo que a maioria dos financiamentos para a habitação é realizada através do SFH. Os programas do Governo Federal nos últimos anos tiveram papel fundamental na expansão do financiamento habitacional. Esse aumento do crédito vem proporcionando um grande crescimento no setor imobiliário e provocando elevação dos preços dos imóveis. Todo esse processo histórico revela inovações nas formas de financiamento e evolução no âmbito dos sistemas, por isso a análise realizada partiu dos conceitos de duas teorias econômicas, a Hipótese de Fragilidade Financeira e a teoria Evolucionaria.
Mohawk Water Treatment Plant: A Rich History Collides With Modern Design
Authors: Watts Rachel
Published: May 2016

Since 1924, the people of Tulsa, Okla., have enjoyed clean, clear water from the Mohawk Water Treatment Plant, which started with a 55‐mi pipeline from lake spavinaw and has evolved to include renovated buildings and modern treatment processes.
ACE15 Young Professionals Workshop: Newcomers Learning From Emerging Leaders
Authors: Ishii Stephanie K.L.
Published: May 2016

The speakers and I were motivated to include this workshop in the ACE15 program because we felt it would help encourage additional mentoring within the YP community. The target audience and the selected speakers for the workshop were all young professionals, just at different stages along the spectrum.
Leveraging the Power of Diversity: AWWAIndia Initiative
Authors: Vempati Uma S.
Published: May 2016

Being born and raised in South India, I had not studied US history and decided to join my daughter in learning about the events that started in the 1600s that have led the United States to where it is today. The information I gathered not only gave my daughter a better understanding of US history but led to my affirmation that water‐related problems have no boundaries, and history truly supports the need for continued attention.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Heteroboranes. Synthesis of (2,2‐(PPh3)2‐1,2‐SePtB10H10)·CH2Cl2, Its Crystal and Molecular Structure and that of SeB11H11.
Authors: FERGUSON G. , PARVEZ M. , MACCURTAIN J. A. , DHUBHGHAILL O. NI. , SPALDING T. R. , REED D.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of the closo‐selenaborane (I) with the Pt complex (II) affords two products.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Oxophilic Transition Metals. Part 3. Dinuclear Fulvalene Complexes of Tri‐ and Tetravalent Zirconium.
Authors: HERRMANN W. A. , CUENCA T. , MENJON B. , HERDTWECK E.
Published: May 2016

Starting with the recently prepared (I), it is shown that Zr(III) complexes of the fulvalene series are functionalizable with retention of the oxidation state (formation of the cis/trans mixture (III)) as well as with oxidation of the metal center to give (IV), (V), (VII), and (VIII).
High Incidence of Veno‐Occlusive Disease With Myeloablative Chemotherapy Following Craniospinal Irradiation in Children With Newly Diagnosed High‐Risk CNS Embryonal Tumors: A Report From the Children's Oncology Group (CCG‐99702)
Authors: Nazemi Kellie J. , Shen Violet , Finlay Jonathan L. , Boyett James , Kocak Mehmet , Lafond Deborah , Gardner Sharon L. , Packer Roger J. , Nicholson H. Stacy
Published: May 2016

Background

The outcomes with high‐risk central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumors remain relatively poor despite aggressive treatment. The purposes of this study using postirradiation myeloablative chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue (ASCR) were to document feasibility and describe toxicities of the regimen, establish the appropriate dose of thiotepa, and estimate the overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS).

Procedure

The Children's Cancer Group conducted this pilot study in children and adolescents with CNS embryonal tumors. The treatment consisted of induction chemotherapy to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells, chemoradiotherapy, and myeloablative consolidation chemotherapy with ASCR.

Results

The study accrued 25 subjects in 40 months and was closed early due to toxicity, namely, veno‐occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver, more recently termed sinusoidal obstructive syndrome (SOS). Of 24 eligible subjects, three of 11 (27%) receiving thiotepa Dose Level 1 (150 mg/m2/day × 3 days) and three of 12 (25%) receiving de‐escalated Dose Level 0 (100 mg/m2/day × 3 days) experienced VOD/SOS. One additional subject experienced toxic death attributed to septic shock; postmortem examination revealed clinically undiagnosed VOD/SOS. The 2‐year EFS and OS were 54 ± 10% and 71 ± 9%, respectively. The 5‐year EFS and OS were 46 ± 11% and 50 ± 11%.

Conclusions

The treatment regimen was deemed to have an unacceptable rate of VOD/SOS. There was complete recovery in all six cases. The overall therapeutic strategy using a regimen less likely to cause VOD/SOS may merit further evaluation for the highest risk patients.
Alternative mass reference standards for direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry
Authors: Cody Robert B. , Dane A. John
Published: May 2016

Rationale

Mass spectra were acquired with the Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART®) ion source for an amine‐terminated polyether used as positive‐ion mass reference standards and for several fluorinated materials commonly used as negative‐ion reference standards for mass spectrometry.

Methods

A commercial time‐of‐flight mass spectrometer equipped with a DART ion source was used for all measurements. Mass reference standards deposited onto the sealed end of a glass melting point tube were suspended in the DART gas stream for analysis.

Results

A polyetheramine (Jeffamine® M‐600) produced intense peaks corresponding to protonated molecules. Perfluorotributylamine (PFTBA), and perfluorotripentylamine, gave useful reference spectra for different m/z ranges. DART mass spectra of Ultramark 1621® resembled those previously reported for Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB) and Electrospray Ionization (ESI). Fomblin®Y, a fluorinated ether, was the most useful negative‐ion reference standard of the materials tested. The material is commercially available, inexpensive, and provides reference peaks covering the m/z range 85 to >3000.

Conclusions

Jeffamine‐M600 was found to be a convenient alternative to polyethers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) for DART positive‐ion mass calibration. Fomblin Y was suitable for use as a negative‐ion reference standard. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A perfect wetting of Mg monolayer on Ag(111) under atomic scale investigation: First principles calculations, scanning tunneling microscopy, and Auger spectroscopy
Authors: Migaou Amani , Sarpi Brice , Guiltat Mathilde , Payen Kevin , Daineche Rachid , Landa Georges , Vizzini Sébastien , Hémeryck Anne
Published: May 2016

First principles calculations, scanning tunneling microscopy, and Auger spectroscopy experiments of the adsorption of Mg on Ag(111) substrate are conducted. This detailed study reveals that an atomic scale controlled deposition of a metallic Mg monolayer perfectly wets the silver substrate without any alloy formation at the interface at room temperature. A liquid-like behavior of the Mg species on the Ag substrate is highlighted as no dot formation is observed when coverage increases. Finally a layer-by-layer growth mode of Mg on Ag(111) can be predicted, thanks to density functional theory calculations as observed experimentally.
Transport studies in high-performance field reversed configuration plasmas
Authors: Gupta S. , Barnes D. C. , Dettrick S. A. , Trask E. , Tuszewski M. , Deng B. H. , Gota H. , Gupta D. , Hubbard K. , Korepanov S. , Thompson M. C. , Zhai K. , Tajima T. ,   TAE Team
Published: May 2016

A significant improvement of field reversed configuration (FRC) lifetime and plasma confinement times in the C-2 plasma, called High Performance FRC regime, has been observed with neutral beam injection (NBI), improved edge stability, and better wall conditioning [Binderbauer et al., Phys. Plasmas 22, 056110 (2015)]. A Quasi-1D (Q1D) fluid transport code has been developed and employed to carry out transport analysis of such C-2 plasma conditions. The Q1D code is coupled to a Monte-Carlo code to incorporate the effect of fast ions, due to NBI, on the background FRC plasma. Numerically, the Q1D transport behavior with enhanced transport coefficients (but with otherwise classical parametric dependencies) such as 5 times classical resistive diffusion, classical thermal ion conductivity, 20 times classical electron thermal conductivity, and classical fast ion behavior fit with the experimentally measured time evolution of the excluded flux radius, line-integrated density, and electron/ion temperature. The numerical study shows near sustainment of poloidal flux for nearly 1 ms in the presence of NBI.
Numerical weather prediction wind correction methods and its impact on computational fluid dynamics based wind power forecasting
Authors: Liu Yongqian , Wang Yimei , Li Li , Han Shuang , Infield David
Published: May 2016

Numerical weather prediction (NWP) of wind speed (WS) is an important input to wind power forecasting (WPF), which its accuracy will limit the WPF performance. This paper proposes three NWP correcting methods based on the multiple linear regression, a radial basis function neural network, and an Elman neural network. The proposed correction methods exhibit small sample learning and efficient computational ability. So, they are in favour of forecasting the performance of planned large-scale wind farms. To this end, a physical WPF model based on computational fluid dynamics is used to demonstrate the impact of improving the NWP WS data based forecasting. A certain wind farm located in China is selected as the case study, and the measured and NWP WS forecasts before and after correction are taken as inputs to the WPF model. Results show that all three correction methods improve the precision of the NWP WS forecasts, with the nonlinear correction models performing a little better than the linear one. Compared with the original NWP, the three corrected NWP WS have higher annual, single point, and short-term prediction accuracy. As expected, the accuracy of wind power forecasting will increase with the accuracy of the input NWP WS forecast. Moreover, the WS correction enhances the consistency of error variation trends between input WS and output wind power. The proposed WS correction methods greatly improve the accuracy of both original NWP WS and the WPF derived from them.
Lower hybrid wave edge power loss quantification on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak
Authors: Faust I. C. , Brunner D. , LaBombard B. , Parker R. R. , Terry J. L. , Whyte D. G. , Baek S. G. , Edlund E. , Hubbard A. E. , Hughes J. W. , Kuang A. Q. , Reinke M. L. , Shiraiwa S. , Wallace G. M. , Walk J. R.
Published: May 2016

For the first time, the power deposition of lower hybrid RF waves into the edge plasma of a diverted tokamak has been systematically quantified. Edge deposition represents a parasitic loss of power that can greatly impact the use and efficiency of Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD) at reactor-relevant densities. Through the use of a unique set of fast time resolution edge diagnostics, including innovative fast-thermocouples, an extensive set of Langmuir probes, and a Lyα ionization camera, the toroidal, poloidal, and radial structure of the power deposition has been simultaneously determined. Power modulation was used to directly isolate the RF effects due to the prompt (t<τE) response of the scrape-off-layer (SOL) plasma to Lower Hybrid Radiofrequency (LHRF) power. LHRF power was found to absorb more strongly in the edge at higher densities. It is found that a majority of this edge-deposited power is promptly conducted to the divertor. This correlates with the loss of current drive efficiency at high density previously observed on Alcator C-Mod, and displaying characteristics that contrast with the local RF edge absorption seen on other tokamaks. Measurements of ionization in the active divertor show dramatic changes due to LHRF power, implying that divertor region can be a key for the LHRF edge power deposition physics. These observations support the existence of a loss mechanism near the edge for LHRF at high density (ne>1.0×1020 (m−3)). Results will be shown addressing the distribution of power within the SOL, including the toroidal symmetry and radial distribution. These characteristics are important for deducing the cause of the reduced LHCD efficiency at high density and motivate the tailoring of wave propagation to minimize SOL interaction, for example, through the use of high-field-side launch.
Negative/positive chemotaxis of a droplet: Dynamic response to a stimulant gas
Authors: Sakuta Hiroki , Magome Nobuyuki , Mori Yoshihito , Yoshikawa Kenichi
Published: May 2016

We report here the repulsive/attractive motion of an oil droplet floating on an aqueous phase caused by the application of a stimulant gas. A cm-sized droplet of oleic acid is repelled by ammonia vapor. In contrast, a droplet of aniline on an aqueous phase moves toward hydrochloric acid as a stimulant. The mechanisms of these characteristic behaviors of oil droplets are discussed in terms of the spatial gradient of the interfacial tension caused by the stimulant gas.
Plasmonic welded single walled carbon nanotubes on monolayer graphene for sensing target protein
Authors: Kim Jangheon , Kim Gi Gyu , Kim Soohyun , Jung Wonsuk
Published: May 2016

We developed plasmonic welded single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on monolayer graphene as a biosensor to detect target antigen molecules, fc fusion protein without any treatment to generate binder groups for linker and antibody. This plasmonic welding induces atomic networks between SWCNTs as junctions containing carboxylic groups and improves the electrical sensitivity of a SWCNTs and the graphene membrane to detect target protein. We investigated generation of the atomic networks between SWCNTs by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy after plasmonic welding process. We compared the intensity ratios of D to G peaks from the Raman spectra and electrical sheet resistance of welded SWCNTs with the results of normal SWCNTs, which decreased from 0.115 to 0.086 and from 10.5 to 4.12, respectively. Additionally, we measured the drain current via source/drain voltage after binding of the antigen to the antibody molecules. This electrical sensitivity of the welded SWCNTs was 1.55 times larger than normal SWCNTs.
Flat-topped ultrabroad stimulated emission from chirped InAs/InP quantum dot laser with spectral width of 92 nm
Authors: Gao Feng , Luo Shuai , Ji Hai-Ming , Xu Feng , Lv Zun-Ren , Yang Xiao-Guang , Liang Ping , Yang Tao
Published: May 2016

We demonstrate the generation of 92 nm (−3 dB bandwidth) flat-topped ultrabroad stimulation emission from a chirped InAs/InP quantum dot (QD) laser. A greatly enhanced bandwidth of the gain spectrum is achieved, which is attributed to the additionally broadened quantum dot energy levels utilizing gradually changed height of QDs in the stacked active layers. The laser exhibits a maximum output power of 0.35 W under pulsed conditions, and the average spectral power density of above 3.8 mW/nm is obtained. The ultrabroad lasing spectrum in the wavelength interval of 1.49–1.61 μm covering S-C-L bands makes such a laser potentially useful as an optical source for various applications being compatible with silica fibers.