bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Performance Studies on Storage of White Onion for Good Keeping Quality Onion Varieties under Ordinary Condition
Authors: SINGH R K , SINGH S K , TAILOR A K
Published: June 2020

Onion is commercially cultivated and widely consumed as a vegetable and as spices in India. Post-harvest factors like curing, sorting, grading, packing, storage and transportation are, however, the main factors affecting the quality. The experiment conducted at Nashik and Karnal during Rabi seasons, revealed that at Nashik the lowest PLW (19.17 %) and total loss (29.69 %) were recorded in advance line-865 and 799, respectively, which was at par with advance lines-784, 810, 827, 885 and 857 in respect of PLW and advance lines-827, 865 and 857 regarding total loss. However, at Karnal the lowest PLW (32.24 %) and total loss (48.40 %) were recorded in advance line-793 and was at par with advance lines-784, 810, 827, 830, 832, 836 and 869 in respect of PLW and advance lines-562, 784, 810, 827, 830, 832 and 836 regarding total loss at five month after storage. It is concluded that the onion genotypes, which has recorded minimum total losses after five months of storage, can be utilized for developing a good keeping quality onion variety for the different agroclimatic condition.
Effectiveness of a 3-Month Mobile Phone–Based Behavior Change Program on Active Transportation and Physical Activity in Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ek Anna , Alexandrou Christina , Söderström Emmie , Bergman Patrick , Delisle Nyström Christine , Direito Artur , Eriksson Ulf , Henriksson Pontus , Maddison Ralph , Trolle Lagerros Ylva , Bendtsen Marcus , Löf Marie
Published: June 2020

Background

Active transportation (AT; ie, walking and cycling as a mode for transportation) has been associated with decreased morbidity and mortality; however, low-cost and scalable intervention programs are lacking.

Objective

The goal of the research was to determine the effectiveness of a 3-month behavior change program delivered via a mobile phone app to promote AT (TravelVu Plus) on time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).

Methods

For this 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial, we recruited a population-based sample of 254 adults from Stockholm County who were aged 20 to 65 years and had access to a smartphone. On completion of 1-week baseline measures, the 254 participants were randomized to either the control or intervention group (1:1 ratio). Both groups had access to the standard TravelVu app (Trivector AB) for monitoring their AT for 6 months. The intervention group also received a 3-month behavior change program to promote AT (TravelVu Plus app). Assessors of outcomes were blinded to group allocation. Outcomes were objectively measured MVPA at 3 (primary) and 6 months. Secondary outcomes were AT, attitudes toward AT, and health-related quality of life at 3 and 6 months.

Results

No effect on MVPA was observed after 3 months (P=.29); however, at 6 months the intervention group had a greater improvement in MVPA than the controls (6.05 minutes per day [95% CI 0.36 to 11.74; P=.04]). A Bayesian analyses showed that there was a 98% probability that the intervention had any effect at 6 months, and a 63% probability that this effect was >5 minute MVPA per day.

Conclusions

No effect on MVPA immediately after the intervention period (at 3 months) was observed; however, there was a delayed effect on MVPA (6 minutes per day) at 6 months, which corresponds to approximately 30% of the weekly MVPA recommendation. Our findings suggest that a behavior change program promoting AT delivered via an app may have a relevant effect on PA.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03086837; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03086837

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5658-4
The effects of information platform-based nursing on preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with hip fractures (Preprint)
Authors: Gao Yuan , Fu Xiaojie , Lei Mingxing , Yin Pengbin , Wang Qingmei , Meng Yutong , Pi Hongying
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Mobile apps are becoming increasingly relevant to health care. Apps have been used to improve symptoms, quality of life, and adherence for oral drugs in patients with cancers, pregnancy, or chronic diseases, and the results were satisfying .

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop an information platform with the help of a mobile app and then evaluate whether information platform-based nursing can improve patient’s drug compliance and reduce the incidence of VTE in patients with hip fractures.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed hip fracture patients performed with traditional prevention and intervention of VTE (control group) between January 2008 and November 2012, and prospectively analyzed hip fracture patients conducted with nursing intervention based on the information platform (study group) between January 2016 and September 2017. The information platform can be divided into medical and nursing care end and the patient’s end. Based on the information platform, we could implement risk assessments, monitoring management and early warnings, preventions and treatments, health educations, follow-up and other aspects of nursing interventions for patients. We compared basic characteristics, outcomes including drug compliance, VTE occurrence, and mean length of hospitalization between the two groups. Besides, a subgroup analysis was performed in the study group according to different drug compliances.

RESULTS

Regarding baseline data, patients in the study group had more morbidities than those in the control group (P<0.05). The difference of drug compliance between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001): 64.7% of the patients in the control group had poor drug compliance and only 6.1% patients had poor drug compliance in the study group. In terms of VTE, 126 patients (10.7%) in the control group had VTE, while only 35 patients (7.1%) in the study group had VTE, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.024). Moreover, the average length of hospitalization in the study group was also significantly lower than that in the control group (10.4 d vs. 13.7 d, P=0.000). Subgroup analysis of the study group showed that the incidence of VTE in patients with non-compliance, partial compliance, and good compliance was 56.7%, 5.8% and 2.8%, respectively (P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONS

Poor drug compliance leads to higher VTE occurrence. The information platform-based nursing can effectively improve the compliance of patients with hip fracture and thus significantly reduce the incidence of VTE.
Digital Information Technology Use, Self-Rated Health, and Depression: Population-Based Analysis of a Survey Study on Older Migrants (Preprint)
Authors: Kouvonen Anne , Kemppainen Laura , Ketonen Eeva-Leena , Kemppainen Teemu , Olakivi Antero , Wrede Sirpa
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Previous studies have found that in general, poor health is associated with a lower likelihood of internet use in older adults, but it is not well known how different indicators of health are associated with different types of digital information technology (DIT) use. Moreover, little is known about the relationship between health and the types of DIT use in older ethnic minority and migrant populations.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to examine the associations among depressive symptoms and self-rated health (SRH) with different dimensions of DIT use in older migrants.

METHODS

We analyzed data from the Care, Health and Ageing of Russian-speaking Minority (CHARM) study, which is based on a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling, Russian-speaking adults aged 50 years or older residing permanently in Finland (men: 616/1082, 56.93%; age: mean 63.2 years, SD 8.4 years; response rate: 1082/3000, 36.07%). Data were collected in 2019 using a postal survey. Health was measured using depressive symptoms (measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and SRH. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between the two health indicators and the following six outcomes: daily internet use, smartphone ownership, the use of the internet for messages and calls, social media use, the use of the internet for personal health data, and obtaining health information from the internet. A number of sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors were controlled for in the logistic regression regression analysis. Analyses were performed with weights accounting for the survey design and nonresponse.

RESULTS

After adjusting for sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 2.68, 95% CI 1.37-5.24; P=.004) and poor SRH (OR 7.90, 95% CI 1.88-33.11; P=.005) were associated with a higher likelihood of not using the internet daily. Depressive symptoms (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.06-3.35; P=.03) and poor SRH (OR 5.05, 95% CI 1.58-16.19; P=.006) also increased the likelihood of smartphone nonuse. Depressive symptoms were additionally associated with a lower likelihood of social media use, and poor SRH was associated with a lower likelihood of using the internet for messaging and calling.

CONCLUSIONS

Poor SRH and depressive symptoms are associated with a lower likelihood of DIT use in older adults. Longitudinal studies are required to determine the directions of these relationships.
Impact of a Commercial Artificial Intelligence–Driven Patient Self-Assessment Solution on Waiting Times at General Internal Medicine Outpatient Departments: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Harada Yukinori , Shimizu Taro
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Patient waiting time at outpatient departments is directly related to patient satisfaction and quality of care, particularly in patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient departments for the first time. Moreover, reducing wait time from arrival in the clinic to the initiation of an examination is key to reducing patients’ anxiety. The use of automated medical history–taking systems in general internal medicine outpatient departments is a promising strategy to reduce waiting times. Recently, Ubie Inc in Japan developed AI Monshin, an artificial intelligence–based, automated medical history–taking system for general internal medicine outpatient departments.

OBJECTIVE

We hypothesized that replacing the use of handwritten self-administered questionnaires with the use of AI Monshin would reduce waiting times in general internal medicine outpatient departments. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine whether the use of AI Monshin reduced patient waiting times.

METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed the waiting times of patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient department at a Japanese community hospital without an appointment from April 2017 to April 2020. AI Monshin was implemented in April 2019. We compared the median waiting time before and after implementation by conducting an interrupted time-series analysis of the median waiting time per month. We also conducted supplementary analyses to explain the main results.

RESULTS

We analyzed 21,615 visits. The median waiting time after AI Monshin implementation (74.4 minutes, IQR 57.1) was not significantly different from that before AI Monshin implementation (74.3 minutes, IQR 63.7) (P=.12). In the interrupted time-series analysis, the underlying linear time trend (–0.4 minutes per month; P=.06; 95% CI –0.9 to 0.02), level change (40.6 minutes; P=.09; 95% CI –5.8 to 87.0), and slope change (–1.1 minutes per month; P=.16; 95% CI –2.7 to 0.4) were not statistically significant. In a supplemental analysis of data from 9054 of 21,615 visits (41.9%), the median examination time after AI Monshin implementation (6.0 minutes, IQR 5.2) was slightly but significantly longer than that before AI Monshin implementation (5.7 minutes, IQR 5.0) (P=.003).

CONCLUSIONS

The implementation of an artificial intelligence–based, automated medical history–taking system did not reduce waiting time for patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient department without an appointment, and there was a slight increase in the examination time after implementation; however, the system may have enhanced the quality of care by supporting the optimization of staff assignments.
Cross-Country Comparison of Public Awareness, Rumors, and Behavioral Responses to the COVID-19 Epidemic: Infodemiology Study (Preprint)
Authors: Hou Zhiyuan , Du Fanxing , Zhou Xinyu , Jiang Hao , Martin Sam , Larson Heidi , Lin Leesa
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Understanding public behavioral responses to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic and the accompanying infodemic is crucial to controlling the epidemic.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to assess real-time public awareness and behavioral responses to the COVID-19 epidemic across 12 selected countries.

METHODS

Internet surveillance was used to collect real-time data from the general public to assess public awareness and rumors (China: Baidu; worldwide: Google Trends) and behavior responses (China: Ali Index; worldwide: Google Shopping). These indices measured the daily number of searches or purchases and were compared with the numbers of daily COVID-19 cases. The trend comparisons across selected countries were observed from December 1, 2019 (prepandemic baseline) to April 11, 2020 (at least one month after the governments of selected countries took actions for the pandemic).

RESULTS

We identified missed windows of opportunity for early epidemic control in 12 countries, when public awareness was very low despite the emerging epidemic. China's epidemic and the declaration of a public health emergency of international concern did not prompt a worldwide public reaction to adopt health-protective measures; instead, most countries and regions only responded to the epidemic after their own case counts increased. Rumors and misinformation led to a surge of sales in herbal remedies in China and antimalarial drugs worldwide, and timely clarification of rumors mitigated the rush to purchase unproven remedies.

CONCLUSIONS

Our comparative study highlights the urgent need for international coordination to promote mutual learning about epidemic characteristics and effective control measures as well as to trigger early and timely responses in individual countries. Early release of official guidelines and timely clarification of rumors led by governments are necessary to guide the public to take rational action.
New Goal-Oriented Requirements Extraction Framework for e-Health Services: A Case Study of Diagnostic Testing During the COVID-19 Outbreak (Preprint)
Authors: Alotaibi Youseef , Subahi Ahmad F.
Published: June 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Many e-health projects and innovations are not established based on robust system requirements engineering phase. In order to ensure the success delivery of e-health services to stakeholders, all characteristics of e-health systems and applications must be understood in terms of technological perspectives as well as the all system requirements. Thus, this paper aims to introduce the Goal-Oriented Requirements Extraction Approach (GOREA). It is an elicitation approach that uses, specifically, healthcare business goals to derive the requirements of e-health system to be developed. It consists of two major phases: (1) modelling e-health business requirements phase; and (2) modelling e-health Information Technology (IT) and systems requirements phase. The modelling e-health business requirements phase is divided into two main stages: (1) model e-health business strategy stage; and (2) model e-health business environment stage. The modelling e-health IT and systems requirements phase illustrates the process of obtaining requirements of e-health system from the organizational goals that are determined in the previous phase. It consists of four main steps that deals with business goals of e-health system: (1) modelling e-health business process (BP) step; (2) modelling e-health business goals step; (3) analyzing e-health business goals step; and (4) eliciting e-health system requirements step. A case study based on the basic operations and services in hospital emergency unit for checking patient against COVID-19 virus and taking its diagnostic testing has been set and used to examine the validity of the proposed approach by achieving the conformance of the developed system to the business goals. The results indicate that: (1) the proposed GOREA has a positive influence on the system implementation according to e-health business expectations; and (2) it can successfully fulfil the need of e-health business in order to save the citizens life by checking them against COVID-19 virus.
Urgensi Implementasi Jadwal Retensi Arsip dalam Rangka Menuju Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Organisasi Studi Kasus di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Authors: Putri Adhitya Eka , Setyawan Herman
Published: June 2020

Setiap organisasi menghasilkan arsip dalam kegiatan administrasinya. Seiring berjalannya waktu, arsip yang tercipta akan terus bertambah. Dengan metode studi kasus, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan penyusutan arsip dinamis di Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sejak didirikan hingga saat ini, UNY belum secara optimal mengimplementasikan Jadwal Retensi Arsip (JRA) sehingga pelaksanaan penyusutan arsip dinamis menjadi tidak optimal.
Nilai antikorupsi dalam buku cerita bergambar Peternakan Kakek Tulus dan Byur! Terbitan Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (kajian semiotika)
Authors: Putri Arini Dwi , Rahmat Aceng , Ansoriyah Siti
Published: June 2020

Pendidikan nilai antikorupsi sebagai bagian dari pendidikan nilai pendidikan karakter. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan mendapat pemahaman yang mendalam tentang nilai antikorupsi berdasarkan kajian semiotika yang terkandung dalam buku cerita bergambar “Peternakan Kakek Tulus dan Byur!” terbitan KPK. Buku cerita bergambar “Peternakan Kakek Tulus dan Byur!” merupakan buku cerita bergambar yang ditulis dan dipublikasi untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan ajar maupun media dalam menanamkan pendidikan nilai antikorupsi di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data yang digunakan berupa resensi-resensi yang berkaitan tentang nilai antikorupsi dalam buku cerita bergambar “Peternakan Kakek Tulus dan Byur!” terbitan KPK.  Hasil penelitian ditemukan 18 leksia, 8 nilai antikorupsi; kerja keras, adil, peduli, jujur, berani, displin, sederhana, dan tanggung jawab serta lima kode pembacaan yaitu, kode teka-teki, kode konotatif, kode simbolis, kode aksian, dan kode kultural atau budaya. Dari hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa dua buku cerita bergambar terbitan KPK mengandung nilai antikorupsi berdasarkan leksia-leksia yang ditinjau melalui kode pembacaan Barthes dan tidak ditemukan satu nilai antikorupsi yaitu nilai mandiri.
Nutritional knowledge, sleep duration, and screen time are related to consumption of sugar-sweetened beverage on students of Junior High School 11 Jakarta
Authors: Nurjayanti Eva , Rahayu Nur Setiawati , Fitriani Anna
Published: June 2020

Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in adolescents is still high, because of the sinful lifestyle, like not getting enough sleep and high screen time. The study aims to determine the relationship of nutritional knowledge, the role of parents, duration of sleep, and screen time with the level of consumption of sweetened-beverage. This study used a cross-sectional design with systematic random sampling. The number of subjects was on 165 students of class VII and VIII of Junior High School 11 Jakarta. Data nutritional knowledge, parental roles, sleep duration, and screen time were obtained from interviews using a questionnaire. The level of consumption of sweetened drinks was obtained from interviews using Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires (SQ-FFQ). Most subjects had a high level of consumption of sweet-beverages (60.6%), good nutritional knowledge (64.8%), the role of parents is classified at risk (50.9%), less duration of sleep (77%) and high screen time (72.1%). There was a relationship between nutritional knowledge, sleep duration, and screen time with the level of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Keywords: Nutritional Knowledge, Screen Time, Sleep Duration, Sugar-Sweetened Beverage
Pengaruh pemberian smoothies belima terhadap tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik Peserta Posbindu Cikokol Kota Tangerang
Authors: Harnum Sofia
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK

Penderita hipertensi akan menjalani hidup dengan bergantung pada obat-obatan yang sering menimbulkan efek samping. Penelitian ini memberikan alternatif dalam mengatasi hipertensi menggunakan bahan-bahan alami untuk meminimalisasi efek samping yaitu dengan pemberian smoothies belima (belimbing, pisang, kayu manis, dan buah naga) yang mengandung serat dan kalium sebanyak 250 ml. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pre-test post-test. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode total sampling. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik dengan adanya pemberian smoothies belima pada peserta Posbindu Cikokol Kota Tangerang. Subjek pada penelitian ini sebanyak 32 orang. Data dianalisis dengan uji Paired t-test dan uji Wilcoxon. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan smoothies belima. Rata-rata tekanan darah sistolik turun setelah intervensi dari 143 mmHg menjadi 127 mmHg. Tekanan darah diastolik dengan nilai rata-rata sebelum intervensi 90 mmHg menjadi 80 mmHg. Asupan natrium turun dari 4.825 mg menjadi 2.881,2 mg, asupan kalium naik dari 1.020,8 mg menjadi 1.625,4 mg, dan asupan serat dengan nilai rata-rata sebelum intervensi 7,2 g naik menjadi 11,6 g.

Kata kunci: Belimbing, Buah Naga, Kayu Manis, Pisang, Tekanan Darah Tinggi
Engaging with Spirituality
Authors: Cadell Susan , Janzen Linda , Dennis J. Haubrich Dennis J. Haubrich J.
Published: June 2020

As the AIDS epidemic continues, there are increased numbers of people who have cared about someone who has died. This research was designed to explore spiritual experiences in the context of AIDS grief. Fifteen bereaved individuals were interviewed in 5 Canadian cities. The theme that emerged overall was one of engagement. The bereaved individuals engaged with HIV disease, with their own mortality, with their sense of self, with the world, and with the deceased person or people as well as with spirituality itself. The participants reconstructed meaning in their lives after their losses.
Reflexivity
Authors: D’Cruz Heather , Gillingham Philip , Melendez Sebastien
Published: June 2020

Reflexivity is a concept that is increasingly gaining currency in professional practice literature, particularly in relation to working with uncertainty and as an important feature of professional discretion and ethical practice. This article discusses how practitioners working in child and family welfare/protection organisations understood and interpreted the concept of reflexivity for their practice, as one of the outcomes of larger, collaborative research project. This project was conducted through a series of workshops with practitioners. The overall research that aimed to expand practitioners’ practice repertoires from narrowly-defined risk assessment, to an approach that could account for the uncertainties of practice, included the concept of reflexivity as an alternative or a complement to instrumental accountability that is increasingly a feature in child welfare/protection organisations. This article discusses how the concept of reflexivity was explored in the research and how practitioners interpreted the concept for their practice. We conclude that while concepts like reflexivity are central to formal theories for professional practice, we also recognise that individual practitioners interpret concepts (in ways that are both practically and contextually relevant), thus creating practical meanings appropriate to their practice contexts.
Racializing Mental Illness
Authors: Xanthos Clare
Published: June 2020

All multiracial societies have to grapple with the benefits versus the costs of the integration of minorities into majority communities. Indeed, in relation to the costs of integration, it could be argued that integration and assimilation increases non-White people’s exposure to racialized experiences and racism, which in turn predisposes them to mental illness. As such, it is worth considering the case of the UK, where Black integration and assimilation is particularly intense, and where the high rates of schizophrenia in the African-Caribbean population have been an area of concern for over three decades. This paper argues that the interplay between racial minority status stress, racism-induced stress, and racial bias in diagnosis may be significant factors influencing the high Black incidence rate of schizophrenia in the UK.
Behind the back of Linnaeus - Bakom ryggen på Linné
Authors: Annette Arlander
Published: June 2020

EN
This bilingual exposition presents parts of the artistic research project “Performing with Plants”, video works created through repeated visits to a sycamore in Humlegården and a beech in Djurgården during the year 2017, and discusses the notion ecology of practices introduced by Isabelle Stengers. The exposition consists of an essay, the video works, and some working notes from the process as an appendix.

SVE
Denna tvåspråkiga exposition presenterar delar av det konstnärliga forskningsprojektet ”Att uppträda med växter”, videoarbeten som skapats genom upprepade besök hos en tysklönn i Humlegården och en bok på Djurgården under år 2017, och diskuterar begreppet praktikernas ekologi som introducerats av Isabelle Stengers. Expositionen består av en essä, videoverken, och några arbetsanteckningar från processen som bilaga.
FILSAFAT MANUSIA ALI SYARIâ€™ATI: KESADARAN DAN KEBEBASAN MANUSIA DI ERA REVOLUSI TEKNOLOGI 4.0
Authors: Cahyanto Fitri
Published: June 2020

Human philosophy began to be studied rationally since ancient Greece.Â Now human philosophy is still a field of study that continues to be developed in accordance with the spirit of his era. Ali Syariâ€™ati was a Muslim figure who succeeded in producing human philosophy, by using an empirical ratio approach and not letting go of Islamic dogma. This study attempts to uncover and represent Syariâ€™atiâ€™s philosophical human thought using an historical continuity approach, critical analysis, and description of interpretation. The era of technological advances, everything is fast-paced, especially in the combination of infotek and biotech that is packaged in one big data and the emergence of artificial intelligence that is able to work like humans is even better. In essence, technology is a tool found by humans to become an extension, not to become an authority holder of human will. Technology now takes on the vital task of man, namely human awareness and freedom, a core part of the indicator that humans are fully human. Through human philosophy Ali Syariâ€™ati tried to restore human nature to stay aware and free of himself in making a decision
Stratigraphy revision of upper Badenian of Rakovica stream near Belgrade (Central Paratethys, Serbia)
Authors: Jovanovic Gordana , Vrabac Sejfudin , Coric Stjepan
Published: June 2020

Belgrade area is a region of high paleobiodiversity, being ranked among the best known in Serbia. The prominent position among a number of Middle Miocene (Badenian) fossiliferous sites in the vicinity of Belgrade (southern Pannonian Basin, Central Paratethys) are occupied with sediments of Rakovica stream, also known as ?Rakovica sands?. Here, the integrated evidence based on new fossil findings of calcareous nannoplankton, foraminifera and molluscs assemblages, allows the stratigraphic revision of the clastic facies of the Rakovica succession. Based on the studies of lithological composition, high paleodiversity molluscs fauna and local palaeogeographical setting, it can be concluded with reasonable certainty that deposits of Rakovica stream entitled ?Rakovica sand? represents a sandstone of the shallow marine (littoral) environment during Lower Badenian time. Large benthic foraminifera Ammonia viennensis (d?ORBigny), and Borelis haueri (d?ORBigny) as well as zone marker nn5 Sphaenolithus heteromorphus defLandRe correspond to this biostratigraphic level. during the late early Miocene and Middle Miocene (Badenian), the climate in the Central Paratehys was mainly subtropical. This is supported at its southern margin by the presence of thermophilous mollusc taxa, as well as the Conidae, Strombidae, Xenophoridae, Pleurotomidae, Turridae, Muricidae, etc. Consequently, the investigated deposit can be ascribed to the early Badenian which biostratigraphically corresponds to the nn5 nannozone by correlation with successions in theirs type-areas to the Central Paratethys, and defines preciously the time of the marine transgression in this area.
Mekanokimyasal Yöntemle Elementlerinden Magnezyum Diborür (MgB2) Sentezi ve Enerjetik Madde Olarak Kullanımı
Authors: CANÖZ Bilal , METİN Ayşegül Ülkü , GÜRÜ Metin
Published: June 2020

Magnezyum diborür, roket yakıtlarında başlatıcı ve hızlandırıcı olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle, yüksek verimlilikte veya saflıkta sentezlenmesi savunma sanayinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Magnezyum diborür sentezi, elementel magnezyum (Mg) ve elementel Bor (B) kullanılarak mekanokimyasal yöntem ile argon gazı atmosferinde gerçekleştirildi. Öğütme süresi, bilya/toz kütlesel oranı, reaksiyon girdilerinin oranı ve sinter sıcaklığı gibi çeşitli parametrelerin MgB2 sentezi üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Elde edilen ürünler, X-Işını Kırınımı (XRD) ve Taramalı Elektron Mikroskopisi-Element Dağılım Spektroskopisi (SEM-EDS) kullanılarak analiz edildi. X ışını kırınımı desenlerinden mekanokimyasal öğütme sonrasında MgB2’e ait pikler gözlendi. Yapılan deneysel çalışmalar sonucunda MgB2 sentezi için optimum koşullar: bilye/toz kütlesel oranı 8/1, öğütme süresinin 7 saat, bor fazlalığında (%10 B fazlası) ve sinter işlem sıcaklığı ise 650 oC olarak belirlendi. İşlem sonunda safsızlık oluşturan fazlar, HCl çözeltisi (0,1 M) ile 30 dakika liç işlemi ile uzaklaştırıldı. Üretim ve saflaştırma basamaklarının ardından verim %87,1 olarak hesaplandı ve elde edilen MgB2 ‘ün kalorifik enerji değeri 9,2 kcal/g olarak ölçüldü.
Wettability modification of laser textured copper surfaces applied to phase change heat transfer
Authors: Martendal Caroline P. , Silveira Claudio A. , Pereira Milton , Fredel Marcio C.
Published: June 2020

Phase change heat transfer allows high heat transfer rates associated with small temperature variations. Given that this technique is employed in several energy and industry applications, such as automotive air-conditioning evaporators, pulsating heat pipes are used for aerospace thermal management and in semiconductor-manufacturing heat exchangers. Although phase change heat transfer has served mankind for more than two millennia, little progress has been made in the last 40 years regarding the basic performance of phase change heat transfer surfaces. However, laser texturing is expected to change this scenario through wettability modification of heat exchanger surfaces, which can lead to heat transfer improvement. In this context, surface texturing of electrolytic copper (a material commonly employed in phase change heat transfer applications) was performed using a nanosecond pulsed fiber laser source associated to a galvanometric scanner. A design of experiments was performed in order to correlate the parameters’ pulse overlapping, laser power, number of scanning repetitions, and pulse duration to their respective machining features. Machining depth and width were evaluated, as well as the surface integrity of the processed region. These analyses were performed by means of white light interferometry, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The surface integrity analysis is especially important, since there is a lack of information regarding texturing effects on surface properties, as most studies focus almost exclusively on surface topography and not on the thermal effects that laser texturing can promote to the substrate material. After comprehending the parameter effects on the machining features, surface textures were manufactured and evaluated in order to define their effect over surface wettability, which influences the heat transfer performance. Copper oxide present on the laser generated textures granted them hydrophilicity so that most of the tested textures achieved contact angles of 0°. A cleaning process with H2SO4 was proposed to remove this oxide and decrease the wettability, also allowing hydrophobic surfaces with a contact angle up to 180° to be obtained.
Gestión de la innovación por microempresarios del centro de desarrollo de negocios de Talca, Chile
Authors: Gajardo Leyton Francisca , Bustamante Ubilla Miguel
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo determina los factores cualitativos que definen la gestión de la innovación por parte de los microempresarios del centro de desarrollo de negocios de Talca, Chile. Para ello se analizó la percepción de la innovación y las acciones que se despliegan para su desarrollo. Se condujo un estudio con enfoque y métodos cualitativos, aplicando como instrumento de recolección de datos una entrevista semi-estructurada a microempresarios dueños de sus respectivos emprendimientos que se han asesorado en el centro de desarrollo de negocios de Talca, Chile por un periodo de al menos, un año. Los resultados del estudio permiten afirmar que la innovación es considerada por los entrevistados como importante y necesaria, y están dispuestos a innovar pese a los riesgos que esta práctica pueda involucrar a nivel tanto empresarial como personal. Además, se verifica que los entrevistados se mueven en el mercado de manera independiente, incluso solitaria, utilizando internet como principal fuente de información para innovar. Complementariamente, se ratifica el hecho que el factor recurso financiero está presente de forma transversal en todas las dimensiones y categorías analizadas y además, no cuentan con la información necesaria, ni con el apoyo o la guía suficiente para innovar en sus empresas. Finalmente, es de especial interés abordar el impacto de las políticas públicas de fomento a la innovación, especialmente dirigida al segmento de los microempresarios.
El rol del ocio en la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores de la provincia del Guayas, Ecuador
Authors: Bustamante Ubilla Miguel , Lapo Maza María , Tello Sánchez Michelle , Vera Laura
Published: June 2020

Este trabajo analiza la relación que tienen las variables demográficas, situación económica actual y durante la niñez, satisfacción general con la vida y ocio con la calidad de vida y felicidad de los adultos mayores de la provincia del Guayas, Ecuador. Se entrevistó adultos mayores de ambos sexos, de 60 años o más que residen en zonas urbanas y rurales de la provincia de Guayas, Ecuador y se planteó un modelo logit ordinal de ocio y familia sobre satisfacción con la vida. Resultando que la familia es fuente de felicidad y tienen una mayor probabilidad de satisfacción con la vida y que el ocio difiere según nivel de educación, residencia, estado civil, situación económica y satisfacción general con la vida.
Estudio exploratorio y descriptivo de segmentar-apuntar-posicionar SAP en marketing social
Authors: Campos Roberto , Bustamante Ubilla Miguel
Published: June 2020

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es un estudio exploratorio del Marketing Social y del S.A.P. (segmentar-apuntar-posicionar), su conceptualización y evolución, proporcionar una guía resumida de la evolución del concepto de marketing social, resaltando los aspectos más importantes. También presenta algunas experiencias de organizaciones en relación a la utilización del S.A.P en Marketing Social. En cuanto al diseño y metodología, el documento es una revisión de información secundaria, revisiones sistemáticas y estudios primarios de intervenciones de mercadeo social, de las cuales se proceden a seleccionar y ordenar en registros, mediante la jerarquización e importancia. Para esto se utiliza el método histórico, con un enfoque exploratorio, descriptivo y cualitativo. La investigación permite concluir que se observa un contexto teórico dinámico y evolutivo en lo que respecta al Marketing Social. Lo que se inició como un concepto de Marketing acotado y de dependencia del marketing comercial, se fue ampliando, y ha evolucionado hacia un sistema estructurado, extenso e integral, modelado y de amplias perspectivas de aplicación, como en temas de sustentabilidad ambiental, social, cultural, y de la satisfacción. Seguido de implicaciones que dichas intervenciones tiene sobre el comportamiento ético de la sociedad. Se convirtió en un proceso que abarca las organizaciones privadas con fines y sin fines de lucro, y entidades públicas. En relación a las aplicaciones de marketing Social y S.A.P., podemos señalar que si bien es cierto en general han sido efectivas, principalmente las relacionadas con la salud pública, educación, política y sociedad. Sin embargo se aprecian contradicciones en los resultados, los cuales pueden deberse a distorsiones en la comprensión del mensaje o debido a problemas actitudinales del receptor, o por la posibilidad de que grupos sociales no objetivo queden afuera de las campañas y a veces ellos también podrían ser beneficiados
A Sheep Model for the Osseointegration of PEO-treated Gamma Titanium Aluminide
Authors: Richiez-Nieves Paola , Torres-Zapata Irimar , Rodriguez Abner , Perez Hector , Poueymirou Zilma , Diffoot-Carlo Nanette , Sundaram Paul Antony
Published: June 2020

A sheep model was used to study the osseointegration of gamma titanium aluminide (γTiAl) screws subjected to plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). The degree of osseointegration was determined by measuring the maximum torque for screw removal from bone after 3 and 6 months of implant placement in sheep for PEO-treated γTiAl, untreated γTiAl, and untreated Ti6Al4V cortical screws. The amount of bone growth and mineralization were qualitatively observed by von Kossa staining of the bone tissue in the region surrounding the implants.  Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was carried out to determine trace amounts of metallic elements in blood serum samples obtained from the animals. Generally Al, Cr and V were present in blood serum in comparable quantities in the control and implanted animals, while neither Ti nor Nb was detected.  Results from histological analysis and SEM images indicated that de novo bone growth occurred to a greater extent for the PEO treated γTiAl screws. Furthermore, the torque for screw removal from bone was significantly higher (p<0.05) for the PEO-treated γTiAl implants. Taken together, the data supports that the PEO surface treatment enhanced osseointegration to a considerable degree indicating the potential for favorably utilizing PEO-treated γTiAl for dental and orthopedic implant applications.
Problematic substance use or problematic substance use policies?
Authors: Stockwell Tim , Benoit Cecilia , Card Kiffer , Sherk Adam
Published: June 2020

This special issue on substance use issues comes at a critical time for Canadian health policy makers and researchers. Most attention is currently focussed on the opioid crisis and the potential impacts of cannabis legalization. However, our most widely used and harmful substances continue to be alcohol and nicotine. Our policies to reduce harms from these substances are failing. While alcohol control policies are being gradually abandoned, opportunities to maximize the harm reduction potential of new, alternative and safer nicotine delivery devices are not being grasped. More generally, a greater focus is needed on harm reduction strategies that are informed by the experience of marginalized people with severe substance use-related problems so as to not exacerbate health inequities.
In order to better inform policy responses, we recommend innovative approaches to monitoring and surveillance that maximize the use of multiple data sources, such as those used in the Canadian Substance Use Costs and Harms (CSUCH) project. Greater attention to precision in defining patterns of risky use and harms is also needed to support policies that more accurately reflect and respond to actual levels of substance use-related harm in Canadian society.
The alcohol deficit: Canadian government revenue and societal costs from alcohol
Authors: Sherk Adam
Published: June 2020

This summary article compares government revenue from the sale and distribution of alcohol to the societal costs caused by alcohol use for the year 2014. Statistics Canada data reported government revenue of $10.9 billion; however, this was offset by net societal costs of $14.6 billion, as reported by Canada's national substance use surveillance system, the Canadian Substance Use Costs and Harms project. The societal costs include health care, economic loss of production, criminal justice and other direct costs. Though revenue from alcohol sales has been described as a benefit to public coffers, accounting that includes costs incurred shows that all provinces and territories in Canada are running an alcohol deficit, totalling $3.7 billion nationally.
What popular bars post on social media platforms: a case for improved alcohol advertising regulation
Authors: Paradis Catherine , Zhao Jinhui , Joy-Goatley Sasha , Stockwell Tim
Published: June 2020

Introduction

The aim of this study was to document the scope of violations of the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) "Code for Broadcast Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages" (CRTC Code) by drinking venues posting alcohol-related content on social media platforms, and to assess whether CRTC Code violations by drinking venues relate to their popularity among university students and to students' drinking behaviours.

Methods

In phase 1 of the study, a probability sample of 477 students from four Canadian university responded to a questionnaire about their drinking and preferred drinking venues. In phase 2, a probability sample of 78 students assessed the compliance of drinking venues' social media posts with the 17 CRTC Code guidelines. We pooled both datasets and linked them by drinking venues.

Results

Popular drinking venues were overwhelming posting alcohol-related content that contravenes the CRTC Code. Adjusted effect estimates show that a decrease in the mean level of compliance with the CRTC Code was significantly associated with a 1% increase in popularity score of drinking venues (t-test, p < .001). With regard to drinking behaviours, a 1% increase in the overall mean level of compliance with the CRTC Code was associated with 0.458 fewer drinking days per week during a semester (t-test, p = .01), 0.294 fewer drinks per occasion (t-test, p = .048) and a lesser likelihood of consuming alcohol when attending a drinking venue (t-test, p = .001).

Conclusion

The results of this study serve as a reminder to territorial and provincial regulatory agencies to review their practices to ensure that alcohol advertising guidelines are applied and enforced consistently. More importantly, these results call for the adoption of federal legislation with a public health mandate that would apply to all media, including print, television and radio, digital and social.
Publications non conformes des bars populaires sur les plateformes de médias sociaux : une invitation à améliorer la réglementation de la publicité sur l’alcool
Authors: Paradis Catherine , Zhao Jinhui , Joy-Goatley Sasha , Stockwell Tim
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Cette étude a pour but de documenter la portée des infractions au Code de la publicité radio diffusée en faveur de boissons alcoolisées du Conseil de la radiodiffusion et des télécommunications canadiennes (CRTC) (Code du CRTC) commises par certains établissements servant de l’alcool qui publient du contenu lié à l’alcool sur des plateformes de médias sociaux et d’évaluer si ces infractions au Code du CRTC sont en lien avec la popularité de ces établissements auprès des étudiants universitaires et avec les comportements de ces derniers en matière de consommation d’alcool.

Méthodologie

Au cours de la phase 1 de l’étude, un échantillon aléatoire de 477 étudiants provenant de quatre universités canadiennes ont répondu à un questionnaire portant sur leurs habitudes de consommation d’alcool et sur les établissements servant de l’alcool qu’ils préféraient. Au cours de la phase 2, nous avons évalué, auprès d’un échantillon aléatoire de 78 étudiants, si les publications de ces établissements dans les médias sociaux étaient conformes aux 17 lignes directrices du Code du CRTC. Nous avons regroupé les deux ensembles de données et nous les avons jumelés au moyen de la liste des établissements servant de l’alcool.

Résultats

Les établissements populaires servant de l’alcool ont publié massivement des contenus liés à l’alcool contrevenant au Code du CRTC. Les estimations d’effet ajusté indiquent qu’une réduction du niveau moyen de conformité au Code du CRTC est associée de manière significative à une augmentation de 1 % du taux de popularité des établissements servant de l’alcool (test t, p < 0,001). En ce qui a trait aux comportements de consommation d’alcool, une augmentation de 1 % du niveau moyen global de conformité au Code du CRTC est significativement associée à une diminution de 0,458 jour de consommation par semaine pendant un semestre (test t, p = 0,01), une diminution de 0,294 consommation par occasion (test t, p = 0,048) et une probabilité plus faible que les étudiants consomment de l’alcool lorsqu’ils se trouvent dans un établissement servant de l’alcool (test t, p = 0,001).

Conclusion

Les résultats de notre étude sont une invitation à ce que les agences de réglementation territoriales et provinciales réévaluent leurs pratiques, afin que les lignes directrices en matière de publicité sur l’alcool soient appliquées et respectées de manière uniforme. Au­delà, ces résultats justifient l’adoption d’une loi fédérale avec un mandat en santé publique applicable à tous les médias : médias imprimés, numériques et sociaux, télévision et radio.
Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitors in Patients with COVID-19: General Considerations and Clinical Implications
Authors: Lima Neiberg de Alcantara , Lima Pedro Yuri Paiva , Junior Ricardo Lessa de Castro , Sieloff Eric Martin , Sampaio Stela Maria Vitorino
Published: June 2020

Initially reported in China at the end of 2019, the coronavirus pandemic has now reached an international scale with more than 1.5 million cases worldwide and more than eighty thousands deaths by April 8th of this year. Recent studies have shown that the virus invades host cells by the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, making it essential to viral transmission. Concerns have been raised about possible benefits and harms associated with the use of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptors blockers in these patients. However, there is lack of evidence to recommend even temporarily discontinuing renin-angiotensin system inhibitors/blockers in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2.