bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of 1-on-1 play situations for high-level soccer players during the World and European championships in relation to position on the pitch and match time
Authors: Szwarc Andrzej , Kromke Krzysztof , Radzimiński Łukasz , Jastrzębski Zbigniew
Published: August 2017

The aim of the study was to assess the efficiencies of players in 1-on-1 situations in terms of their position on the pitch and the match time during the final matches of the World Cup and European Championships from 1990 to 2014. The research was conducted on a sample of 1012 football players whose teams competed in the semi-finals, finals and the third place matches during the Football World Cup and European Championships from 1990 to 2014. The study included the performances of 506 players in 1-on-1 situations during 46 matches that were terminated at the regulation 90 min. The study revealed that during an average match, the players performed 231 times in 1-on-1 situations with 51% accuracy. The level of accuracy in 1-on-1 situations was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in winning teams than in losing teams particularly at the beginning of the game and in the middle zone of the pitch. Moreover, the results of our study showed that the highest effectiveness of the duels was noted in the defence zone and was decreasing along with moving the actions closer to the opponent’s goal. The players competed with similar frequencies on both defence (114 duels on average with 51% accuracy) and attack (113 duels on average with 52% accuracy). The players of the elite football teams exhibited high performance efficiencies in the 1-on-1 duels, especially on their own half of the field and during the early stages of both halves of the match. The accuracy of duels of their performances decreased when the action moved closer to the opponent’s goal and with the time in the game.
Author Reply: Affect, Value, Uncertainty, and Action
Authors: Railton Peter
Published: August 2017

Value and uncertainty are the critical components of decision and action. To think of the affective system as at the core of action is to draw attention to the role of affect in representing and combining these two dimensions, and orchestrating a wide range of mental capacities—attention, perception, memory, inference, motivation, and monitoring—in light of these evaluative representations. The commentators have helpfully enriched our appreciation of the various ways in which affect can contribute to the attunement, cuing, motivation, control, and ongoing assessment of decision and action.
The effects of large-sided soccer training games and pitch size manipulation on time–motion profile, spatial exploration and surface area: Tactical opportunities
Authors: Clemente Filipe Manuel , Owen Adam , Serra-Olivares Jaime , Correia Acácio , Bernardo Sequeiros João , Silva Frutuoso GM , Martins Fernando Manuel Lourenço
Published: August 2017

Analysis of the physical, technical and physiological variations induced through the use of different soccer game formats have been widely discussed. However, the coaching justification for the specific use of certain game formats based on individual and collective spatial awareness is unclear. As a result, the purpose of this study was to analyze 11 versus 11 game formats conducted across two pitch sizes (half-size: 54 m × 68 m vs full-size: 108 m × 68 m) to identify effects of time–motion profiles, individual exploration behavior and collective organization. A total of 10 amateur soccer players from the same team (23.39 ± 3.91 years old) participated in this study. Data position of the players was used to calculate the spatial exploration index and the surface area. Distances covered in different speeds were used to observe the time–motion profile. The full-size pitch dimensions significantly contributed to greater distances covered via running (3.86–5.52 m s−1) and sprinting (>5.52 m s−1). Total distance and number of sprints were also significantly greater in the full-size pitch as compared to the half-size pitch. The surface area covered by the team (half-size pitch: 431.83 m2 vs full-size pitch: 589.14 m2) was significantly larger in the full-size pitch condition. However, the reduced half-size pitch significantly contributed to a greater individual spatial exploration. Results of this study suggest that running and sprinting activities increase when large, full-size pitch dimensions are utilized. Smaller surface area half-size pitch contributes to a better exploration of the pitch measured by spatial exploration index while maintaining adequate surface area coverage by the team. In conclusion, the authors suggest that the small half-size pitch is more appropriate for low-intensity training sessions and field exploration for players in different positions. Alternatively, the large full-size pitch is more appropriate for greater physically demanding training sessions with players focused on positional tactical behavior.
Happier countries, longer lives: an ecological study on the relationship between subjective sense of well-being and life expectancy
Authors: Evans Grahame F. , Soliman Elsayed Z.
Published: August 2017

The relationship between sense of well-being and longevity is not well-established across populations of varying levels of socioeconomic status. We sought to examine the relationship between happiness, or subjective sense of well-being and life expectancy using data from 151 countries. This analysis is based on the 2012 Happy Planet Index project conducted by the Center of Well-Being of the New Economics Foundation, based in the United Kingdom. Well-being data for each country were taken from responses to the ‘Ladder of Life’ question in the 2012 Gallup World Poll in which participants were asked to rate their quality of life on a scale from 1 (worst possible life) to 10 (best possible life). Life expectancy and gross domestic product data were taken from the 2011 United Nations records. Ecological footprint data were taken from Global Footprint Network records. Subjective sense of well-being was highly correlated with life expectancy (Pearson correlation r = 0.71, p < 0.0001). In a multivariable linear regression model adjusted for gross domestic product, ecological footprint, and population, each 1 unit of the well-being scale was associated with an increase in life expectancy of 4.0 years (95% confidence interval = 2.7–5.3). In conclusion, better sense of well-being has a strong relationship with life expectancy regardless of economic status or population size, suggesting that governments should foster happiness in order to support long-living populations.
Cerebellar cortical vein thrombosis mimicking a vermian tumor: case report
Authors: Vilela Marcelo D , Pedrosa Hugo AS , Filho Marco Antonio D
Published: August 2017

Cortical vein thrombosis is an uncommon cause of stroke and generally occurs in the supratentorial compartment. Spontaneous venous thrombosis with infarction in the posterior fossa usually occurs in association with either dural sinus thrombosis and/or thrombosis of the petrosal vein, usually with venous infarction of the cerebellar hemisphere. Our goal is to present the case of a patient with thrombosis of cerebellar cortical veins, without sinus involvement, which mimicked a vermian cerebellar tumor.
Gastrointestinal adverse effects of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shohdy Kyrillus S. , Lasheen Shaimaa , Kassem Loay , Abdel-Rahman Omar
Published: August 2017

Background:

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors show promising results in metastatic breast cancer. However, an increased incidence of adverse events is remarkable. Among others, gastrointestinal (GI) involvement is of momentous impact on patients and their quality of life.

Methods:

Our search included PubMed, ASCO, ESMO and SABCS databases. Randomized phase II/III trials in metastatic breast cancer receiving CDK4/6 inhibitors were identified and considered relevant based on providing a sufficient safety profile on the incidence of adverse GI effects.

Results:

Of the 999 records initially screened for relevance, 33 articles were found relevant and 4 studies were finally eligible for meta-analysis with a total of 2007 patients. The relative risk (RR) for all-grade nausea was 1.48 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–1.93, p = 0.005], vomiting was 1.74 (95% CI: 1.09–2.76, p = 0.02), decreased appetite was 1.42 (95% CI: 1.07–1.88, p = 0.02), and for diarrhea it was 1.44 (95% CI: 1.19–1.74, p = 0.0002). Meanwhile, the RR for high-grade nausea was 1.10 (95% CI: 0.29–4.13, p = 0.89), vomiting was 1.38 (95% CI: 0.25–7.75, p = 0.72), decreased appetite was 4.00 (95% CI: 0.87–18.37, p = 0.07), and high-grade diarrhea was 1.19 (95% CI: 0.44–3.21, p = 0.73).

Conclusion:

Selective CDK4/6 inhibitors were not associated with higher-grade GI toxicities reflecting a well-tolerated safety profile. Regarding the increase in all-grade GI toxicities, it needs further caution with addition of cytotoxic chemotherapy.
The Association of PTSD Symptom Severity With Localized Hippocampus and Amygdala Abnormalities
Authors: Akiki Teddy J. , Averill Christopher L. , Wrocklage Kristen M. , Schweinsburg Brian , Scott J. Cobb , Martini Brenda , Averill Lynnette A. , Southwick Steven M. , Krystal John H. , Abdallah Chadi G.
Published: August 2017

Background

The hippocampus and amygdala have been repeatedly implicated in the psychopathology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While numerous structural neuroimaging studies examined these two structures in PTSD, these analyses have largely been limited to volumetric measures. Recent advances in vertex-based neuroimaging methods have made it possible to identify specific locations of subtle morphometric changes within a structure of interest.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we used high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging to examine the relationship between PTSD symptomatology, as measured using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for the DSM-IV, and structural shape of the hippocampus and amygdala using vertex-wise shape analyses in a group of combat-exposed U.S. Veterans (N = 69).

Results

Following correction for multiple comparisons and controlling for age and cranial volume, we found that participants with more severe PTSD symptoms showed an indentation in the anterior half of the right hippocampus and an indentation in the dorsal region of the right amygdala (corresponding to the centromedial amygdala). Post hoc analysis using stepwise regression suggest that among PTSD symptom clusters, arousal symptoms explain most of the variance in the hippocampal abnormality, whereas reexperiencing symptoms explain most of the variance in the amygdala abnormality.

Conclusion

The results provide evidence of localized abnormalities in the anterior hippocampus and centromedial amygdala in combat-exposed U.S. Veterans suffering from PTSD symptoms. This novel finding provides a more fine-grained analysis of structural abnormalities in PTSD and may be informative for understanding the neurobiology of the disorder.
The hydrocerussite-related phase, NaPb5(CO3)4(OH)3, from the ancient slags of Lavrion, Greece
Authors: Siidra Oleg I. , Nekrasova Diana O. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Pekov Igor V. , Yapaskurt Vasiliy O. , Katerinopoulos Athanassios , Voudouris Panagiotis , Magganas Andreas , Zaitsev Anatoly N.
Published: August 2017

The hydrocerussite-related phase, NaPb5(CO3)4(OH)3, has been found as colourless lamellar crystals in cavities within a pebble of the ancient marine slag collected in the Pacha Limani area of the Lavrion mining district, Attiki, Greece. This phase of anthropogenic origin was characterized by electron microprobe, infrared spectroscopy, powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The unique crystal structure (P63/mmc,a= 5.2533(11),c= 29.425(6) Å,V= 703.3(3) Å3andR1= 0.047) is based upon structurally and chemically different electroneutral blocks. Each of the blocks can be split into separate sheets. The outer sheets in each block are topologically identical and have the composition [PbCO3]0. The [Pb(OH)2]0lead hydroxide sheet is sandwiched between the two [PbCO3]0sheets resulting in the formation of the first block [Pb3(OH)2(CO3)2]0structurally and compositionally identical to that one in hydrocerussite Pb3(OH)2(CO3)2. Similarly the [Na(OH)]0sheet is sandwiched between another two [PbCO3]0sheets thus forming the [NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2]0block described previously in the structure of abellaite NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2. Stereochemically active lone electron pairs on Pb2+cations are located between the blocks. There are two blocks of each type per unit cell, which corresponds to the following formula: [Pb3(OH)2(CO3)2][NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2] or NaPb5(CO3)4(OH)3in the simplified representation. The formation of NaPb5(CO3)4(OH)3in Lavrion slags is by the contact of lead-rich slags with the sea water over the last two thousand years.
RUNX1 is required for oncogenic Myb and Myc enhancer activity in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Choi AHyun , Illendula Anuradha , Pulikkan John A. , Roderick Justine E. , Tesell Jessica , Yu Jun , Hermance Nicole , Zhu Lihua Julie , Castilla Lucio H. , Bushweller John H. , Kelliher Michelle A.
Published: August 2017

Key Points

RUNX1 maintains Myb and Myc enhancer activity and is required for leukemogenesis in vivo. RUNX1 inhibition impairs the growth of primary T-ALL patient cells without an effect on normal human hematopoietic cells.
Vorinostat plus tacrolimus/methotrexate to prevent GVHD after myeloablative conditioning, unrelated donor HCT
Authors: Choi Sung Won , Braun Thomas , Henig Israel , Gatza Erin , Magenau John , Parkin Brian , Pawarode Attaphol , Riwes Mary , Yanik Greg , Dinarello Charles A. , Reddy Pavan
Published: August 2017

Key Points

Grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD in URD HCT patients who received vorinostat and tacrolimus/methotrexate after myeloablative conditioning was 22%. HDAC inhibition with vorinostat shows potential efficacy for GVHD prevention and should be investigated in a randomized phase 3 trial.
High proportions of PD-1+ and PD-L1+ leukocytes in classical Hodgkin lymphoma microenvironment are associated with inferior outcome
Authors: Hollander Peter , Kamper Peter , Smedby Karin Ekstrom , Enblad Gunilla , Ludvigsen Maja , Mortensen Julie , Amini Rose-Marie , Hamilton-Dutoit Stephen , d’Amore Francesco , Molin Daniel , Glimelius Ingrid
Published: August 2017

Key Points

High proportions of PD-1+ and PD-L1+ leukocytes in the Hodgkin lymphoma microenvironment are associated with inferior outcome. Expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 on Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells has no impact on outcome.
Impact of CD14++CD16+ monocytes on plaque vulnerability in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yoshida Naofumi , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Shinke Toshiro , Otake Hiromasa , Kuroda Masaru , Terashita Daisuke , Takahashi Hachidai , Sakaguchi Kazuhiko , Hirota Yushi , Emoto Takuo , Amin Hilman Zulkifli , Mizoguchi Taiji , Hayashi Tomohiro , Sasaki Naoto , Yamashita Tomoya , Ogawa Wataru , Hirata Ken-ichi
Published: August 2017

Background

Previously, we have reported that daily glucose fluctuations could affect coronary plaque vulnerability, but the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. This study sought to investigate the impact of CD14++CD16+ monocytes on plaque vulnerability, as assessed by virtual histology intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS), as well as their relationship to fluctuating glucose levels in patients with asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods

Fifty-one patients with asymptomatic CAD, who were undergoing lipid-lowering therapy and underwent VH-IVUS evaluation for angiographically mild to moderate lesions, were enrolled in the study. Standard VH-IVUS parameters, including the percentage volume of the necrotic core (%NC) within the plaque and the presence of a virtual histology thin-cap fibroatheroma (VH-TCFA), were then evaluated. Additionally, monocyte subsets were assessed by flow cytometry, and daily glucose fluctuations were analyzed by measuring the mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE).

Results

Among 82 plaques from 22 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and 29 non-DM patients, 15 VH-TCFAs were identified. CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts significantly correlated with both  %NC and the presence of VH-TCFA (%NC: r = 0.339, p = 0.002; VH-TCFA: p = 0.003). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts were independently associated with VH-TCFA (odds ratio = 1.029, p = 0.004). Furthermore, CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts were significantly correlated with the MAGE score in the non-DM patients (r = 0.544, p = 0.005).

Conclusions

CD14++CD16+ monocyte levels are associated with coronary plaque vulnerability and can serve as a biomarker for VH-TCFA in patients with CAD undergoing lipid-lowering therapy. In patients without DM, glucose fluctuations may alter the balance of monocyte subsets.

Trial registration UMIN Registry number: UMIN000021228
The Coagulation Profile of End-Stage Liver Disease and Considerations for Intraoperative Management
Authors: Forkin Katherine T. , Colquhoun Douglas A. , Nemergut Edward C. , Huffmyer Julie L.
Published: August 2017

The coagulopathy of end-stage liver disease results from a complex derangement in both anticoagulant and procoagulant processes. With even minor insults, cirrhotic patients experience either inappropriate bleeding or clotting, or even both simultaneously. The various phases of liver transplantation along with fluid and blood product administration may contribute to additional disturbances in coagulation. Thus, anesthetic management of patients undergoing liver transplantation to improve hemostasis and avoid inappropriate thrombosis in the perioperative environment can be challenging. To add to this challenge, traditional laboratory tests of coagulation are difficult to interpret in patients with end-stage liver disease. Viscoelastic coagulation tests such as thromboelastography (Haemonetics Corporation, Braintree, MA) and rotational thromboelastometry (TEM International, Munich, Germany) have helped to reduce transfusion of allogeneic blood products, especially fresh frozen plasma, but have also lead to the increased use of fibrinogen-containing products. In general, advancements in surgical techniques and anesthetic management have led to significant reduction in blood transfusion requirements during liver transplantation. Targeted transfusion protocols and pharmacologic prevention of fibrinolysis may further aid in the management of the complex coagulopathy of end-stage liver disease.
Phenotypic plasticity of muscle fiber type in the pectoral fins of Polypterus senegalus reared in a terrestrial environment
Authors: Du Trina Y. , Standen Emily M.
Published: August 2017

Muscle fiber types in the pectoral fins of fishes have rarely been examined, despite their morphological and functional diversity. Here we describe the distribution of fast and slow muscle fibers in the pectoral fins of Polypterus senegalus, an amphibious, basal actinopterygian. Each of the four muscle groups examined using mATPase staining show distinct fiber type regionalization. Comparison between fish raised in aquatic and terrestrial environments reveals terrestrially-reared fish possess 28% more fast muscle compared to aquatically-reared fish. The pattern of proximal-distal variation in the abductors differs, with a relative decrease in fast muscle fibers near the pectoral girdle in aquatic fish compared to an increase in terrestrial fish. Terrestrially-reared fish also possess a greater proportion of very small diameter fibers, suggesting that they undergo more growth via hyperplasia. These observations may be a further example of adaptive plasticity in Polypterus, allowing for greater bursts of power during terrestrial locomotion.
Three-dimensional trajectories affect the epaxial muscle activity of arboreal snakes crossing gaps
Authors: Jorgensen Ryan M. , Jayne Bruce C.
Published: August 2017

The need for long-axis support is widespread among non-aquatic vertebrates and may be particularly acute for arboreal snakes when many vertebrae span sizable gaps between branches with diverse orientations. Hence, we used brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) bridging gaps to test how three-dimensional trajectories affected muscle activity and whether these motor patterns differed from those for the locomotion of terrestrial snakes and movements of other vertebrates. We used five trajectories: pitch angles of 90, 0 and -90 deg (downward) when yaw=0, and 90 deg yaw angles to the left and right when pitch=0 deg. We recorded movement and EMGs from the three largest epaxial muscles, which from dorsal to ventral are the semispinalis-spinalis (SSP), longissimus dorsi (LD), and iliocostalis (IL). Overall, the SSP had extensive bilateral activity, which resembled the motor pattern during the dorsiflexion of sidewinding snakes. Unlike any previously described terrestrial snake locomotion, bilateral activity of the LD and IL was also common during gap bridging. The largest amounts of muscle activity usually occurred for horizontal gaps, and muscle activity decreased markedly as soon as the snake's head touched the far edge of the gap. Snakes had the least amount of muscle activity for pitch=-90 deg. While turning sideways, muscles on the convex side had less activity when turning compared to the concave side. Hence, the orientation relative to gravity profoundly affected muscle activity during gap bridging, and these complex three-dimensional movements involved several previously undescribed variants of axial motor pattern.
Philosophy for psychologists
Authors: Канке  , Kankye Viktor
Published: August 2017

The questions of the philosophy of science and the history of philosophy, ontology, epistemology, ethics and aesthetics are outlined. The course is built taking into account the achievements of analytical philosophy, phenomenology, hermeneutics, post-structuralism and other basic philosophical trends of our time. The theory of conceptual transduction is used. Particular attention is paid to the connection of philosophy with psychology.
For students of higher educational institutions, teachers, as well as for all interested in the issues of philosophy.
A sustainable model for service delivery: Part 3
Authors: Fernandez Jeff , Green Barrie
Published: August 2017

Jeff Fernandez argues that nursing culture needs to change and that the profession needs to embrace its potential
The York Retreat and county mental hospitals in the First World War
Authors: Nolan Peter
Published: August 2017

Peter Nolan discusses the history of the York Retreat and how patients were cared for compared to those in state-run county hospitals during the First World War
Crossmark Policy Page
Authors: Atmaja Tinton
Published: August 2017

This page contains policies regarding implementation of crossmark in MEV Journal
Dekonstruksi pendidikan Islam sebagai subsistem pendidikan nasional
Authors: Suyatno Suyatno
Published: August 2017

The dualism of the nationally educational system has become the object of debate in various forums and educational seminars. The dualism of the educational system is the continuity of history; both in history of the Muslims in particular and the history of Indonesian people in general. In addition, the discourse of dualism also gained back the education system due to political turmoil ideology. Whatever the reason, the dualism has some nationally negative impact to educational institutions in Indonesia mostly in Islamic educational institutions. Therefore, it was the time that education in Indonesia must be under the policy of the ministry of education to make one-policy of educational system.Dualisme sistem pendidikan nasional telah menjadi objek perdebatan di berbagaiforum dan seminar-seminar pendidikan. Dualisme sistem pendidikan merupakankesinambungan sejarah, baik sejarah umat Islam pada khususnya maupun sejarah bangsa Indonesia pada umumnya. Di samping itu, wacana dualisme sistem pendidikan juga menguat kembali akibat gejolak politik nasional yang bermuatan ideologi tertentu. Apapun alasannya, dualisme banyak berdampak negatif terhadap lembaga pendidikan di Indonesia terlebih lembaga pendidikan Islam. Oleh karena itu sudah saatnya pendidikan di Indonesia berada di bawah satu payung kementerian sehingga menjadi sistem pendidikan satu atap.
Automotive fleet repair facility wastewater treatment using air/ZVI and air/ZVI/H2O2 processes
Authors: Bogacki Jan Paweł , Al-Hazmi Hussein
Published: August 2017

Advanced automotive fleet repair facility wastewater treatment was investigated with Zero-Valent Iron/Hydrogen Peroxide (Air/ZVI/H2O2) process for different process parameters: ZVI and H2O2doses, time, pH. The highest Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency, 76%, was achieved for ZVI/H2O2doses 4000/1900 mg/L, 120 min process time, pH 3.0. COD decreased from 933 to 227 mg/L. In optimal process conditions odor and color were also completely removed. COD removal efficiency was increasing with ZVI dose. Change pH value below and over 3.0 causes a rapid decrease in the treatment effectiveness. The Air/ZVI/H2O2process kinetics can be described as d[COD]/dt = −a [COD]tm, where ‘t’ corresponds with time and ‘a’ and ‘m’ are constants that depend on the initial reagent concentrations. H2O2influence on process effect was assessed. COD removal could be up to 40% (560 mg/L) for Air/ZVI process. The FeCl3coagulation effect was also evaluated. The best coagulation results were obtained for 700 mg/L Fe3+dose, that was slightly higher than dissolved Fe used in ZVI/H2O2process. COD was decreased to 509 mg/L.
Auslegung der Ausdrücke „Stimme“, „Zeichen“, und „wirkliche Merkmale“
Authors: Kaufmann Paulus , Jun Fujii
Published: August 2017

The text offers a new German translation of Kūkai’s famous text Shōjijissōgi, An Interpretation of the terms ‘voice’, ‘sign’ and ‘real marks’. The translators make ample use of earlier translations of the text into English and German, but put more emphasis on the historical context of Kūkai’s early work. The Shōjijissōgi is often praised as an original contribution to the Buddhist discourse about language. Most modern commentators neglect, however, that Kūkai wrote his text as a response to the dominance of the Hossō School in Kūkai’s times and thus refers to this school in many different ways. These direct and indirect references are discussed in the footnotes of this new translation, but the new approach to the text’s historical background also influenced the translation of the text’s technical vocabulary. This new translation, therefore, opens up new perspectives on an important text of Japan’s intellectual history and on the history of the Buddhist discourse on language.
Der Dämonenpfirsichjunge
Authors: Müller Simone , Fröhlich Martina , Meyer Anna , Steiner Pio , Suzuki Nahoko , Weber Michael
Published: August 2017

Onimomotarō (Der Dämonenpfirsichjunge, 1891) ist eine ursprünglich für Kinder verfasste Kurzgeschichte des Schriftstellers Ozaki Kōyō, einer der bedeutendsten Schriftsteller der Meiji-Zeit. Kōyō, der vor allem durch seinen Roman Konjiki yasha (Goldfarbener Teufel, 1897–1902) Berühmtheit erlangte, engagierte sich in der so genannten genbun ichi Bewegung, eine Reformbewegung, die sich dafür stark machte, die Schriftsprache an die Umgangssprache anzupassen. Die hier erstmals in deutscher Übersetzung vorgelegte Erzählung Onimomotarō, eine Parodie des berühmten Volksmärchens Momotarō (Der Pfirsichjunge), ist hingegen noch ganz der klassischen japanischen Schriftsprache verpflichtet.
Die Zukunft des Japanischen Tanzes (1908)
Authors: Yamada Daniel
Published: August 2017

The following translated essay by Tsubouchi Shōyō 坪内逍遥 (1859–1935) gives an example of one of the earliest public discussions about the theatrical form called buyō 舞踊 (dance) based on Western scientific approaches in Japan. Within the theatre renewal movement (engeki kairyō undō 演劇改良運動), which has been initiated by intellectuals of the political and cultural elite of the Meiji-state, Shōyō on the one hand championed for a preservation of the old dance forms but on the other hand criticized the underlying texts of dance. He as well mentioned the lack of experts at his time who could develop high quality dance performances appropriate to the modern times. As a pioneer of the theatre renewal movement, Shōyō not only focused dance on a theoretical basis, but had also created plays of modern dance theatre as a commixture of Japanese and Western theatrical aspects. In the face of the intense wave of westernization, which affected nearly all areas of life at this time, Shōyō shifts his readers’ attention on Japanese dance (shosagoto 所作事) to become aware of its importance as a unique national and cultural value as well as he commented methods and dynamics of contemporary international dance-activities.
The Record of Women’s Great Treasures
Authors: Tanimura Reiko , Chart David
Published: August 2017

Onna chōhōki was a bestselling practical guide for women published in Japan in the late seventeenth century. This article translates volume three, concerning pregnancy and childbirth. It covers the whole period from first suspicion of childbirth to early childcare, and briefly describes childhood rituals. The advice can be divided into two broad categories: practical advice on diet, behaviour, and medications, and descriptions of customary rituals that should be performed on certain occasions. It also includes a significant amount of information on fortune telling for a child’s future, and a number of charms for such things as increasing the flow of milk. While it does include a list of the Buddhas who watch over the foetus, the contents are overwhelmingly practical and secular in character, with very little discussion of moral issues.
“Volume on Shintō as Private Law”
Authors: Paşca Roman
Published: August 2017

This article is a translation of the first part of the Shihō shinsho no maki 私法神書巻 (“Volume on Shintō as Private Law”) from Andō Shōeki’s Shizen shin’eidō (“The True Way of the Functioning of Nature”). The fragments selected here contain a critique of three texts that Shōeki sees as fundamental in the shaping of Shintō as an ideology: Kujiki, Kojiki, and Nihongi. Shōeki criticizes Shintō alongside Buddhism, Confucianism and Daoism as a preamble to proposing his own vision of the universe, a “World of Nature” unmarred by social hierarchies. His tenet is that any kind of ideology is part of the “Law” as a self-serving contraption created to alienate human society from the true way of Nature.

In my notes preceding the translation, I make a brief overview of Shōeki’s philosophical ideas, emphasizing his understanding of the notion of kami, and I discuss the way in which he constructs and develops his argument. I also point to some of the discrepancies and contradictions that are found in his text.
Ford 1927
Authors: Lisa Bachem Nadeschda
Published: August 2017

After Japan’s defeat in World War II in 1945, 6.9 million Japanese had to repatriate from the country’s overseas possessions. These returnees, the so-called hikiagesha, constitute a particular case within Japan’s postcolonial memory discourse. Having lost their perceived home in the colonies, they first became fugitives and subsequently an Other within Japanese society as they grew to be associated with the now undesired memory of Japanese imperial aggression. Some turned to writing to make their voices heard in the postcolonial Japanese narrative on the colonial period. A critically acclaimed representative of the hikiagesha literary scene is Kobayashi Masaru, born in 1927 in Chinju, Kyŏngsang-namdo Province, in what is now South Korea. The present text is a translation of one of his most widely read works, Ford 1927 (Fōdo senkyūhyakunijūnana-nen, 1956), published in 1956 in Shin Nihon bungaku (New Japanese Literature). Ford 1927 deals with a Japanese protagonist who comes down with tuberculosis at the front in Manchuria and subsequently reminisces about his childhood in 1930s rural Korea. His memory revolves around a Turkish family who, as proud owners of the only car in the village, call into question the colonial power hierarchy between the Japanese and Korean population. The text is remarkable in its multi-faceted description of the ambivalent interactions between Korean and Japanese characters and it differs from the often simplistic framing of colonial-period power relations in the political discourse of both countries. Through the ambiguous character of the Turk, the piece rejects a monolithic reading of “West” versus “East Asia” and instead underscores Japan’s complex positionality of “Orientalised coloniser” from a postcolonial perspective. Ford 1927 thus grants us insight on a much-neglected piece in the jigsaw puzzle of East Asian colonial memory – the hikiagesha as living reminders of Japan’s imperial project and their awkward position in-between different discursive strands of postcolonial Japan.
Über die Idee und das Wirkliche (Teil II)
Authors: Woldering Guido
Published: August 2017

Dieser Beitrag setzt die in der vorangehenden Nummer der Asiatischen Studien begonnene Übersetzung der Summe von Ishibashi Ningetsus (石橋忍月, 1865–1926) poetologischen Überlegungen fort. Die literaturhistorische Bedeutung des Texts besteht in der Einführung eines weder regional noch historisch eingeschränkten, ausserdem auch alle Textsorten einschliessenden Konzepts der „Poesie“ (shi 詩), das sich klar vom klassischen Begriff der Schriftgelehrsamkeit (bungaku 文学) unterscheidet. Die japanische Literatur entwickelt sich nun deutlich zu einem vollwertigen Bestandteil eines autonomen Feldes „Kunst“. Eine weitere Leistung des Sō jitsu ron besteht in der Integration traditioneller japanischer und moderner europäischer theoretischer Ansätze. Das macht den Text zu einem Meilenstein auf dem Weg zu einer selbständigen japanischen wissenschaftlich-theoretischen Auseinandersetzung mit der eigenen Literatur.
Clinical Course of Children and Adolescents with Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux: A retrospective study of 958 patients
Authors: Madani Abbas , Ravanshad Yalda , Azarfar Anoush , Hajizadeh Niloofar , Ataei Nematollah , Adl Zahra , Pournasiri Zahra , Bagheri Sepideh , Ravanshad Sahar , Samazghandi Elham
Published: August 2017

Introduction. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the most common pediatric urologic abnormality and since it can predispose to urinary tract infection and resultant kidney scar it is an important issue in pediatric nephrourology. Methods. A retrospective chart review and follow-up of 958 patients with primary VUR was performed in the Children’s Medical Center, Tehran, Iran. Children with primary vesicoureteral reflux were included in the study and these parameters were studied: age, sex, clinical presentation, VUR grade, sonographic findings, DMSA changes, treatment modality (medical, surgical or endoscopic) and response to treatment, hypertension (presence/absence), urinary tract infection recurrence and development of new kidney scars in patients under medical treatment. Results. VUR was more prevalent in girls. Sonography was unable to detect VUR in many cases. Presence of renal scars was strongly associated with degree of reflux. Medical management was effective in a substantial percentage of patients and they experienced full resolution of reflux. This was especially true for lower degrees of VUR. 17.6% of patients developed new kidney scars on followup which was associated with higher degrees of VUR. Hypertension and breakthrough urinary tract infection was an uncommon finding in our patients. Conclusion. Medical management, which means using prophylactic antibiotics for prevention of urinary tract infection, is effective in many cases of VUR especially in cases with lower degrees of VUR. Surgical and endoscopic procedures must be reserved for patients with higher degrees of VUR unresponsive to conservative management or in whom new scars may develop.
Conversion from Twice-Daily to Once-Daily Tacrolimus Improves Graft Function but has no Influence on Proteinuria in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Basic-Jukic Nikolina , Bubic-Filipi Ljubica , Katalinic Lea , Lelas Judita
Published: August 2017

Introduction. Tacrolimus extended-release formulation enables once-daily use. Although an increasing number of patients have been converted from twice-daily (Tac- BID) to once-daily (Tac-QD) formulation, the available information regarding the initiation and follow-up of Tac- QD is sparse. In the present study we investigated influence of switch from Tac-BID or cyclosporine to Tac-QD on renal allograf function, proteinuria and protein-creatinine (P/C) ratio. Methods. Between October 2012 and October 2014, the switch from Tac-BID or cyclosporine to tacrolimus extended-release formulation was done in 129(38% female, mean age 49 years) renal transplant recipients at different time after transplantation. The analysis focused on markers of graft function (GFR, serum creatinine, proteinuria, P/C ratio), liver function (AST, ALT, γGT, alkaline phosphatase) and blood glucose. Clinical data were obtained at baseline (before conversion), 1 month (V1), 6 months (V6) and 12 months (V12) after conversion. Results. Both serum creatinine and GFR showed a statistically significant improvement. With GFR, signifycant improvement was observed as early as V1 and it continued to increase throughout the study period up to V12 (all between-visit changes were statistically significant). With serum creatinine, mean levels were numerically decreasing throughout the follow-up period, but a significant improvement occurred at V6 and remained significant at V12 (both vs. V0 values). Proteinuria and P/C ratio did not show any significant change through the observation period. In the majority of patients, the baseline values of AST, ALT, GGT, AlP and glucose were within normal limits and did not change significantly through the observation period. Analysis of tacrolimus C0 showed a significant decrease throughout the follow-up period, at practically all visit. This finding was paralleled by a significant tacrolimus dose decrease from baseline to V6 and V12, as well as by a significant decrease of tacrolimus dose/body weight. Conclusions. Conversion from cyclosporine or Tac-BID to extended-release Tac-QD improves graft function in renal transplant recipients, without influence on proteinuria or P/C ratio.
Are Depression and Anxiety Common in Hemodialyzed Patients?
Authors: Pop-Jordanova Nada , Polenakovic Momir
Published: August 2017

Researchers confirmed that depression and anxiety are two common comorbid disorders in chronic kidney patients. The aim of our study was to screen the level of depression and anxiety in a group of end-stage kidney diseases treated with hemodialysis. The evaluated sample comprised 230 participants; 110 females (mean age 55.5±13.5 years), and 120 males (mean age 54.5±14.3 years). The mean duration of maintenance dialysis was 8.3±5.8 years (from 0.5 to 24 years). Patients were selected randomly from three dialysis centers in R. Macedonia. As psychometric instruments Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and scores from Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-201) were used. Our study confirmed that majority of evaluated dialyzed patients are depressed and anxious in different level, but unfortunately the mental problems are frequently unrecognized. We suggested some response measures for management of these conditions in order to avoid risks for complications as well of suicide.
Growth analysis of winter wheat cultivars as affected by nitrogen fertilization / Wachstumsanalyse von Winterweizensorten in Abhängigkeit von Stickstoffdüngung
Authors: Sugár Eszter , Berzsenyi Zoltán , Bónis Péter , Árendás Tamás
Published: August 2017

Growth analysis helps explain the differences in yield and growth potential between cultivars in response to management practices and environmental conditions. The aim of the research was: (i) to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the growth and growth parameters of different wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) cultivars and (ii) to study the relationship between yield and growth parameters at the individual plant and plant stand level. In the two-factorial, split-plot experiment, the main plot was the nitrogen (N) treatment and the sub-plot was the cultivar. In response to N fertilization, the values of growth rate parameters increased up to the N160treatment. The mean values of crop growth rate (g m-2day-1) in the treatments were as follows: N0: 10.4, N80: 15.4, N160: 17.2 and N240: 16.3. The leaf area index, leaf area duration and especially the duration of the flag-leaf gave a good reflection of the effect of N fertilization. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated the significant effect of growth rates, size and duration of leaf area, biomass distribution and yield components on the yield. The results showed that understanding the growth of plants is important for optimizing management decisions.
The SEeMORE strategy: single-tube electrophoresis analysis-based genotyping to detect monogenic diseases rapidly and effectively from conception until birth
Authors: Cariati Federica , Savarese Maria , D’Argenio Valeria , Salvatore Francesco , Tomaiuolo Rossella
Published: August 2017

Background:

The development of technologies that detect monogenic diseases in embryonic and fetal samples are opening novel diagnostic possibilities for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and prenatal diagnosis (PND) thereby changing laboratory practice. Molecular diagnostic laboratories use different workflows for PND depending on the disease, type of biological sample, the presence of one or more known mutations, and the availability of the proband. Paternity verification and contamination analysis are also performed. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a single workflow designed to optimize the molecular diagnosis of monogenic disease in families at-risk of transmitting a genetic alteration.

Methods:

We used this strategy, which we designated “SEeMORE strategy” (Single-tube Electrophoresis analysis-based genotyping to detect MOnogenic diseases Rapidly and Effectively from conception to birth). It consists of a multiplex PCR that simultaneously carries out linkage analysis, direct analysis, maternal contamination and parenthood testing. We analyzed samples from previously diagnosed families for PND (cystic fibrosis or Duchenne muscular dystrophy) without, however, knowing the results.

Results:

The results obtained with the SEeMORE strategy concurred with those obtained with traditional PND. In addition, this strategy has several advantages: (i) use of one or a few cells; (ii) reduction of the procedure to 1 day; and (iii) a reduction of at least 2–3-fold of the analytic cost.

Conclusions:

The SEeMORE strategy is effective for the molecular diagnosis of monogenic diseases, irrespective of the amount of starting material and of the disease mutation, and can be used for PND and PGD.
A comparison between high resolution serum protein electrophoresis and screening immunofixation for the detection of monoclonal gammopathies in serum
Authors: Smith Joel , Raines Geoffrey , Schneider Hans-Gerhard
Published: August 2017

Background:

There are a variety of initial laboratory tests or combinations of tests that can be performed when a monoclonal gammopathy is suspected including serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP), urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP), serum immunofixation (IFE) and serum free light chain assays. Some groups have recently used simplified “screening” IFE methods for the detection of monoclonal gammopathies leveraging the greater sensitivity of IFE over SPEP alone to improve the detection of monoclonal gammopathies. These screening techniques have been predominantly evaluated against lower resolution agarose gel electrophoresis techniques.

Methods:

In this study we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the combined κ and λ light chain screening immunofixation (CLIF) in comparison to serum protein electrophoresis on a high-resolution (Sebia Hydragel 15 HR) agarose gel system. Each gel was interpreted by three adjudicators. A total of 156 patient samples were analysed. Adjudicated diagnoses based on the screening techniques were compared against the results of high resolution serum protein electrophoresis and high resolution standard immunofixation performed during routine laboratory operation. Where standard immunofixation was not performed a combination of a review of medical records, serum free light chains, UPEP and bone marrow aspirate and trephine and subsequent standard immunofixation and protein electrophoresis results where available were used to confirm the absence of a monoclonal gammopathy.

Results:

In this cohort a total of 65 (41%) patients had a paraprotein confirmed by standard immunofixation. HR SPEP had a sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 85%, respectively, while CLIF had a sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 97%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Overall we found that high-resolution gel serum protein electrophoresis using a Sebia Hydragel 15 HR system was more sensitive than a screening immunofixation method (CLIF) for the detection of paraproteins in patient serum in this patient cohort. The drawback of the greater sensitivity of HR SPEP was a higher false positive rate requiring an increased utilisation of follow up immunofixation electrophoresis.
Bereavement photographs as family photographs: Findings from a phenomenological study on family experience with neonatal end-of-life photography
Authors: Martel Sara
Published: August 2017

There has been little communication studies research into the neonatal end-of-life photography offered to families experiencing the death of a newborn in hospital settings. To contribute insight into how families experience this photography, a phenomenological study was conducted with parents (
Genotyping and phenotyping of CYP2D6 and CYP3A isoenzymes in patients with alcohol use disorder: correlation with haloperidol plasma concentration
Authors: Sychev Dmitry A. , Zastrozhin Mikhail S. , Miroshnichenko Igor I. , Baymeeva Natalia V. , Smirnov Valery V. , Grishina Elena A. , Ryzhikova Kristina A. , Mirzaev Karin B. , Markov Dmitry D. , Skryabin Valentin Y. , Snalina Nataliya E. , Nosikova Polina G. , Savchenko Ludmila M. , Bryun Evgeny A.
Published: August 2017

Background:

Haloperidol is used for the treatment of alcohol use disorders in patients with signs of alcohol-related psychosis. Haloperidol therapy poses a high risk of adverse drug reactions (ADR). Contradictory data, which include the effects of genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding the elements of haloperidol biotransformation system on haloperidol metabolism rate and plasma drug concentration ratio, are described in patients with different genotypes. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effects of

Methods:

The study included 69 male patients with alcohol use disorder. Genotyping was performed using the allele-specific real-time PCR.

Results:

Results indicated that both C/D indexes and equilibrium concentration levels depend on

Conclusions:

The study demonstrates that
Stability and Strong Convergence Results for Random Jungck-Kirk-Noor Iterative Scheme
Authors: Rashwan R .A. , Hammad H. A.
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study is to introduce a Jungck- Kirk-Noor type random iterative scheme and prove stability and strong convergence of this to establish a general theorem to approximate the unique common random coincidence point for two or more nonself random commuting mappings under general contractive condition in various spaces. Also we give the stability and convergence for random Jungck-Kirk-Ishikawa and random Jungck-Kirk-Mann as a corollaries. The results obtained in this paper improve the corresponding results announced recently.