bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die Praxis der Theorie: Niklas Luhmann als Politikberater
Authors: Lukas Ernst
Published: March 2022

Luhmann ist für seine soziologische Theorie berühmt geworden. Kaum bekannt ist, dass er auch ein durchaus praxisorientierter, in Politik und Verwaltung gut vernetzter Berater war. In einer historischen Skizze zu Projekten der Verwaltungsreform der Jahre 1968-1973 wird dies anhand archivalischer Quellen und bisher weithin unbekannter beziehungsweise unveröffentlichter Texte Luhmanns gezeigt. Seine Politikberatung versteht er durchaus im Sinne einer praktischen Anwendung von Theorie, aber nicht als wissenschaftlichen Input in Politik, sondern als Element einer Intervention in Organisation, Verfahren und Taktik politischer Vorhaben.
Comparison of Mitoxantrone versus Cyclophosphamide Treatment in Patients with Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: GÜNDÜZ Tuncay , ÖZCAN Gonca , ÇAKAR Arman , AKÇAY Halil İbrahim , ÖZDAĞ ACARLI Ayşe Nur , ERAKSOY Mefküre , KÜRTÜNCÜ Murat
Published: March 2022

Objective: Mitoxantrone (Mtx) and cyclophosphamide (Cyc) have successfully been used in highly aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. This study aims to compare the efficacy of these drugs in patients with secondary progressive MS (pwSPMS).

Method: Clinical data of pwSPMS treated with either Mtx or Cyc were collected retrospectively. The EDSS scores before, during, and after the drug was determined. The efficacy of the drug was evaluated according to the EDSS change after the completion of therapy. The variations in clinical benefit between the two groups were investigated, as well as the factors that influenced them.

Results: Fifty-nine SPMS patients (29 Mtx, 30 Cyc) were included in our study. Mean treatment periods were 19.5±9.9 months for Mtx and 9.1±4.1 months for the Cyc group. Mean EDSS in Mtx and Cyc groups at the first dose were 6.2±0.7 and 6.3±0.8, respectively (p=0.42). The percentage of patients who benefited from treatment was 41.6% in the Mtx group and 43.0% in the Cyc group (p=0.54). However, Mtx was more effective in patients with younger age of disease onset (p=0.01).

Conclusion: Immunosuppression with intravenous Mtx and Cyc may equally prevent progression in patients with SPMS. Additionally, Mtx may be more beneficial in MS patients with earlier disease onset.
İkinci Trimester Muayenesinde Tanı Alan İzole Aberran Sağ Subklavian Arter (ARSA): Nasıl Yaklaşalım?
Authors: AYGÜN Elif Ganime , SARI Umut , PATA Özlem , KUTLU DİLEK Talat Umut
Published: March 2022

Amaç: İzole ARSA olgularının gebelik takipleri ve postnatalprognozlarını tartışmayı amaçladık.

Yöntemler: Hastanenin bilgisayar maternal-fetal tıp veri tabanı gözden geçirildi. 1859 tekil düşük riskli gebelikten toplam 11 ARSA vakası tespit edildi. Bu olguların tarama testleri, gebelik takipleri, doğum şekilleri ve postnatal muayeneleri gözden geçirildi.

Sonuç: İzole ARSA'lı olguların medyan anne yaşı 32 idi. Ultrasonografi haftası medyan 21 hafta olup 11 olguda ek sonografik bulgu izlenmedi. Hastaların hiçbiri invaziv işlem kabul etmedi, 7 olguda cf-DNA (cellfree DNA) testi düşük riskli idi. Tüm olguların gebelik seyirleri komplikasyonsuz olup term doğumla sonuçlandı, neonatal muayenede patolojik bulgu ile karşılaşılmadı.

Tartışma: İzole ARSA varlığında perinatal sonuçlar iyi olmakla beraber, 2. trimester muayenesinde saptanan ARSA sadece eşlik eden anöploidiler için bir soft marker değil ayrıca beraber olabildiği konotrunkal anomaliler ve 22q11.2 mikrodelesyonu bir uyarı işareti olarak dikkate alınarak hasta yönetiminde göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. İnvaziv işlemden kaçınmak isteyen, timus, merkezi sinir sistemi ve konotrunkal anatominin optimal değerlendirildiği gebelere kesin tanı yöntemi olmamakla beraber 22q11.2 mikrodelesyonunu da kapsayan bir panel ile maternal kanda hücre dışı DNA testi önerilebilir.
Dicle Üniversitesi Yanık Merkezinde 2011-2020 Yılları Arasında Tedavi Edilen Yanık Hastalarının Epidemiyolojik Olarak İncelenmesi
Authors: AKKOÇ Mehmet Fatih , ÖZDEMİR Mehmet
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı 2011 yılının Ocak ayından 2020 yılının Aralık ayı bitimine kadar, yanık merkezimizde tedavi edilen yanık hastalarına ait kayıtların epidemiyolojik olarak incelenmesidir.

Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel türdeki çalışma Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Yanık Merkezinde, retrospektif olarak gerçekleştirildi. 2011-2020 yılları arasında yanık vakaları elektronik hasta kayıtlarından elde edildi ve incelendi. İstatistiksel analizler Statistical Package for Social Sciences for IBM 25 paket programı ile yapıldı. Veri değerlendirmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistik yöntemleri (sayı, yüzde ve aritmetik ortalama vb) ve ki kare testi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmamızın örneklemini oluşturan 3227 yanık hastasının %55,3’ü 1-5 yaş aralığında ve %52,5’inin erkek olduğu belirlendi. Vakaların %42,7’si 2011-2013 yılları arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Yanıkların %64,1’inin sıcak sıvı yanığı, %50,4’ünün ikinci derece yanık olduğu saptandı. En fazla yanık vakası 2011-2013’te görülmüş ve vakalar 2020’ye doğru azalma göstermiştir. Yanık yaralanmasından en çok etkilenen yaş aralığının 1-5 arası ve en yüksek oranda yanık nedeninin sıcak sıvılar olduğu belirlendi (χ2 =5,560, p
Kardiyolojide Yeni Nesil Dizileme Uygulamaları
Authors: GÖRÜKMEZ Orhan
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Yeni nesil dizileme (Next generation sequencing-NGS) testlerinin kullanım alanlarının genişlemesi, birçok alanda olduğu gibi kardiyoloji alanında da tanı değerlerinin artmasına imkan sunmuştur. Bu çalışmada kardiyak semptomlar açısından değerlendirilen hastalara uygulanan NGS testleri sonucunda tespit edilen varyantların sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıbbi Genetik Birimi’nde, 2015-2019 tarihleri arasında, özellikle aritmi ile kardiyomiyopati (KMP) açısından değerlendirilen ve 128 farklı geni kapsayan bir kardiyak panel uygulanan hastalar, retrospektif olarak taranmış ve çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir.

Sonuç: Çalışmaya alınan 42 hastanın 23’ünde klinik bulgular açısından anlamlı varyantlar tespit edilmiştir. Hastalardan birinde iki farklı, diğerlerinde ise birer anlamlı varyant saptandığı için toplamda 24 farklı varyant tespit ettik ve bunlardan 14'ü literatürde daha önce bildirilmemişti.

Tartışma: Bu çalışma ile kardiyolojik açıdan toplumda nadir olarak gözlenen varyantlar hastaların klinik ve demografik özellikleri ile birlikte sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak literatürde aritmi ve KMP ile ilişkilendirilmiş olan genlerin mutasyon spektrumuna katkı sağlanmıştır.
Cultural Capital and Tobacco-related Health Literacy in Pregnant Women and the Relationship with Fetal Smoke Exposure
Authors: Tavassoli Afsaneh , Abedi Maliheh , Modares Gharejedaghi Sara
Published: March 2022

Background: Tobacco-related health literacy is a skill for pregnant women that leads to a correct understanding of the information needed to maintain the health of the fetuses and themselves against tobacco smoke. Cultural capital is also associated with the capacity and ability to acquire skills. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate pregnant women's cultural capital and tobacco-related health literacy and the relationship with fetal smoke exposure. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited a sample of 500 pregnant women referred to hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The data were gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire. Results: Tobacco-related health literacy was 60.8% more common at the high level. The cultural capital of pregnant women was 81.4% higher in the medium level. Logistic regression showed that cultural capital (OR = 0.47 and B = -0.737) and tobacco-related health literacy (OR = 0.77 and B = -0.0257) reversely affected the fetal tobacco smoke exposure (P < 0.05). As women's tobacco-related health literacy and cultural capital increased, the rate of fetal smoke exposure decreased. Conclusions: According to the results, as pregnant women’s health literacy concerning tobacco smoke and their cultural capital increased, the tobacco smoke exposure of pregnant women and their fetuses decreased.
Book Review: The Complete Collections Assessment Manual: A Holistic Approach
Authors: Parascandola Jackie
Published: March 2022

The world of collections assessment in any type of library is an ever-dynamic activity. Budgetary considerations are critical, the needs of the constituency served may change, whether or not a library has a sufficient number of staff needed to devote attention to the necessary work in this area. Other concerns for an academic library include the addition of new courses or the establishment of new degree programs. Further considerations are libraries and archives wishing to create an assessment tool towards understanding the scope of their hidden collections. Creating collections assessment tools to help libraries would go a long way to assist them in their decision making. The question is how does a library professional begin the process? What considerations are needed? How should we construct the assessment to provide us with the information we need to make constructive decisions? What tools are available to a library to help in this effort?
Análises fisiológicas e de crescimento e produtividade da mandioca sob níveis de irrigação
Authors: Silva Ricardo Barros , Teodoro Iêdo , Souza José Leonaldo de , Ferreira Júnior Ricardo Araújo , Santos Marcos Alex dos , Magalhães Ivomberg Dourado , Lyra Guilherme Bastos , Morais Marcos Antônio Ferreira de , Teodoro Iêdo Peroba de Oliveira , Santos Neto Antônio Lucrécio dos , Martins Gleica Maria Correia
Published: March 2022

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi avaliar o crescimento, produtividade e as respostas fisiológicas da mandioca sob níveis de irrigação na Zona da Mata de Alagoas. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram seis níveis de irrigação, em função da evapotranspiração da cultura – ETC (L0 = 0% (sequeiro), L1 = 40%, L2 = 80%, L3 = 120%, L4 = 160% e L5 = 200% da ETC). As variáveis foram divididas em grupos: crescimento e produção (avaliadas em seis períodos bimestrais – 1 ano) e as fisiológicas (taxa fotossintética líquida e transpiratória, temperatura foliar, condutância estomática, eficiência instantânea do uso de água, rendimento quântico potencial, eficiência quântica efetiva do fotossistema II (ΦPSII) e índice SPAD foram avaliadas em cinco períodos bimestrais – 10 meses). O balanço hídrico dos níveis de irrigação, foi realizado em escala decendial. A evapotranspiração anual da cultura da mandioca estimada foi 1.030 mm, e nas áreas de sequeiro, a chuva efetiva somou apenas 522 mm, o que gerou déficit hídrico de 508 mm, e isso torna evidente a importância de utilização da irrigação em cultivos na região. De maneira geral, crescimento, produtividade e as respostas fisiológicas da mandioca são superiores em áreas irrigadas quando comparadas com cultivos de sequeiro e a irrigação proporciona as produtividades de raízes e biomassa total de 97 e 155 t ha-1, sob os níveis de irrigação de 129 e 136% da ETC, respectivamente, na região estudada.
Desmatamento e valoração ambiental da mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) no estado de Sergipe, Brasil
Authors: Moura Debora Moreira de Oliveira , Gomes Laura Jane , Fernandes Milton Marques
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desmatamento nas áreas de ocorrência de mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) e a valoração ambiental nas feiras do estado de Sergipe, para que se possa propor mecanismos de pagamentos por serviços ambientais para conservação das áreas de ocorrência natural da mangaba no estado de Sergipe. O uso e cobertura da terra e o desmatamento foram quantificados com uso de dados do MapBiomas. A produção anual de mangaba foi extraída de dados da Produção da Extração Vegetal e da Silvicultura do IBGE. A valoração ambiental dos consumidores de mangaba nas feiras foi obtida por meio de entrevistas. As áreas de ocorrência natural de mangaba no estado de Sergipe em 34 anos apresentaram baixos percentuais de cobertura florestal e áreas naturais não florestais. Nessas áreas predomina o uso agropecuário, o que compromete a produção de mangaba. De 1995 a 2016 houve uma grande redução da produção de mangaba no estado de Sergipe, no entanto houve recuperação nos últimos três anos. A valoração contingente demonstrou que os potenciais stakeholders (tomadores de decisão) estão dispostos a contribuir financeiramente para a conservação das mangabeiras e da Mata Atlântica.
Avaliação do potencial da madeira de Pinus greggii para produção de polpa celulósica
Authors: Vivian Magnos Alan , Cardoso Alexandre Saturnino , Modes Karina Soares , Silva Júnior Francides Gomes da
Published: March 2022

O segmento de produção de papel de fibra longa no Brasil está concentrado na utilização de duas espécies do gênero Pinus (P. taeda e P. elliottii). Assim, é fundamental avaliar novas espécies, visando ampliar as alternativas para esse segmento. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades físicas, químicas e anatômicas da madeira de Pinus greggii visando a produção de polpa celulósica. Foram utilizadas três árvores, com sete anos de idade, das quais foram retirados discos ao longo do fuste. Estes foram utilizados para avaliar as propriedades físicas (densidade básica média e ponderada), químicas (teores de cinza, extrativos, lignina e holocelulose) e anatômicas (dimensões dos traqueídeos e indicadores anatômicos). De acordo com a caracterização física da madeira, obteve-se um valor médio de densidade básica de 0,346 g.cm-3 e ponderado de 0,343 g.cm-3, o que permite classificá-la como leve ou de baixa densidade. Em relação à composição química, a espécie apresentou elevados teores de lignina e extrativos (34,83% e 6,25%, respectivamente) e baixos teores de holocelulose (58,92%) e cinza (0,20%). Para as dimensões dos traqueídeos obtiveram-se valores médios de 2,31 mm de comprimento, 41,30 µm de largura, 34,81 µm de diâmetro do lúmen, e 3,25 µm de espessura da parede celular. Quanto aos resultados dos índices de qualidade, a espécie obteve destaque para a fração parede (15,96%), coeficiente de flexibilidade (84,31%), índice de Runkel (0,19) e índice de enfeltramento (55,15). De modo geral, a madeira de P. greggii apresenta potencial para produção de polpa celulósica, destacando-se pelos indicadores anatômicos e pelas dimensões dos traqueídeos, que são semelhantes aos valores encontrados para P. taeda na mesma idade. Entretanto, possui elevados teores de lignina e extrativos, que podem aumentar o consumo de reagentes e diminuir o rendimento do processo de polpação, o que precisa ser comprovado em estudos com esta temática.
One health: a comprehensive approach to improve prevention and control strategies in Leptospirosis
Authors: Hernandez-Rodriguez Patricia , Trujillo-Rojas Brayam
Published: March 2022

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by Leptospira spp., a spirochete that presents serovars diversity, whose prevalence, mode of transmission and circulation depend on the ecology and complex interrelation between humans, animals, and the environment in which they coexist. In animals, it affects reproduction causing economic losses and in terms of the environment, the evidence is limited. However, the survival of the bacteria is water favors; is for this, cases of leptospirosis increase with floods and rainfall. Despite its global distribution, epidemic potential, high human mortality rate, and socioeconomic burden, this zoonosis is neglected. Furthermore, worldwide zoonoses prioritization exercises based on the impact on agriculture, human and animal health have led to leptospirosis ranking among the most important zoonoses associated with poverty. This situation reflects the need for an integral management from the regulatory institutions of human, animal, and environmental health; but one main barrier of intersectionality is how the administration is designed for these events control. The current structures lead us to reflect and tend towards a holistic approach, seeking new forms of organization, new strategies to study, control and treat leptospirosis, the control of which is the responsibility of different sectors and disciplines. The comprehensive management of leptospirosis implies a higher level of understanding of the agent and of the biological, socioeconomic, and cultural risk factors in the regions and from a practical perspective, it is necessary to promote joint work initiatives; as well as present evidence of the need for work from a "one health" perspective for a zoonosis that has become an emerging problem in public health.
Sensitivity of tuberous roots crops to salinity in a protected environment
Authors: Polo Gabriel Furlan , Freitas Murillo Ribeiro , Cunha Pamela Stephany Jennings , Vendruscolo Eduardo Pradi , Seron Cássio de Castro , Martins Murilo Battistuzzi , Zoz Tiago
Published: March 2022

Soil salinity has been a limiting barrier for the production of vegetables in protected environments. Thus, the understanding of the sensitivity of species to this stress factor must be explored, seeking better growing conditions. Under the hypothesis that beet and radish crops are sensitive to variations in soil salinity, even at low levels, the objective of this work was to evaluate the development and productivity of these two species in soils with different salinities in a protected environment. The experimental design was completely randomized and treatments were formed by the soil salinity levels, obtained with the application of saline solution (NaCl in water), considering the soil electrical conductivity of 0.36 dS m-1 as low salinity, of 1.05 dS m-1 as moderate salinity and 2.43 dS m-1 as elevated. For all variables analyzed, except for the relative chlorophyll index in beet plants, it was found that the increase in soil salinity resulted in significant development losses of beet and radish plants. Therefore, we concluded that beet and radish crops are sensitive to the variation in soil salinity, even in relatively low concentrations, making these species an unattractive choice for cultivation in systems that present this problem.
Description of Four Dual-Purpose River Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Farms in Tropical Wetlands in Mexico. Part 1: Social Aspects, Herd Distribution, Feeding, Reproductive, and Genetic Management
Authors: Bertoni Aldo , Álvarez-Macías Adolfo , Morales Diego Armando , Dávalos José Luis , Mota-Rojas Daniel
Published: March 2022

This article characterizes four dual-purpose river buffalo farms (DPBPS) in south-southeastern Mexico. The objectives were to obtain a broader profile of this system and capture values related to buffalo breeding in that area. The study identified a group of producers with high levels of education (17 ± 1.15 years) and years of experience in agricultural systems (28.75 ± 10.81), especially with buffaloes (9 ± 1.83 years). Land tenure is private, and the average surface area of ranches is 428.75 ± 245.57 hectares, located mainly (92%) in flatlands and floodplains with an average number of animals per hectare 2.03 ± 0.69 AU/h. The area has various vegetable strata (grasses, bushes, trees). Feeding is based on the consumption of vegetable species like Camalote grass (Paspalum fasciculatum), West Indian Azuche grass (Hymenachne amplexicaulis), and Aleman grass (Echinochloa polystachya), complemented with minerals. Production units (PU) 2 and 3 add a low proportion of balanced feed. The average number of animals per PU is 611 ± 50. Dams and calves represent the largest proportions in the herds. The main breed raised in these buffalo production systems is Buffalypso (58% ± 21%), followed by Italian Mediterranean (24% ± 5%) and Murrah (10% ± 14%). The data collected show that the reproduction methods most often utilized, in order of frequency, are fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI), direct mounting (DM), and estrus-detected artificial insemination (EDAI). Proportions are 61% ± 18%, 24% ± 25% and 14% ± 17%, respectively. The DPBPS studied are distinguished by the presence of owners and managers with high levels of education, extensive experience in agricultural systems, and the capacity and willingness to implement new technologies that permit continuous improvement. However, their experience in buffalo production is still limited, so there is ample room for improvement.
Adherence to Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation and Associated Factors among Antenatal Care Attendants in Public Health Institutions: The Case of Borena District, Amhara, Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Suleyiman Hassen , Wolka Eskinder , Liben Misgan Legesse
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Globally, iron deficiency is estimated to be responsible for half of all anemia cases. The reduction of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women relies largely on their adherence to IFA supplementation. This study aimed to assess the factors associated with adherence to IFA supplementation among women attending antenatal checkups at health centers in Borena district, Ethiopia.

Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on 348 pregnant women. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Variables with a p-value of ≤0.2 in the univariable logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariable analysis. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was reported, and variables with p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Result: A total of 340 pregnant women were enrolled. The study revealed that 45.6% (95% CI: 40.27, 50.92%) of women adhered to the IFA supplement use. Women of husbands with primary education [AOR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.07, 3.57] and who had taken IFA for two months [AOR: 2.81; 95% CI: 1.37, 5.79] were positively associated with adherence to IFA supplementation. However, women with a previous history of abortion [AOR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.53], who had disease other than anemia [AOR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28-0.79] and lack of family support [AOR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.39] were less likely to adhere to the supplement.

Conclusion: This study revealed that nearly nine in twenty women adhered to the IFA supplement. Therefore, strengthening nutritional counseling, health education, and information on iron-folic acid supplementation in a health institution is important to improve adherence.
Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Predictors of Hesitance among Antenatal care Booked Pregnant in North West Ethiopia 2021: Implications for Intervention and Cues to Action
Authors: Kebede Fassikaw , Kebede Birhanu , Kebede Tsehay
Published: March 2022

Despite efforts to decrease the burden, vaccine hesitancy is increasing worldwide and deterring efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 after the approval of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. This study aims to assess levels of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and predictors of hesitancy for pregnant women attending antenatal care in Ethiopia.

Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was employed among 336 pregnant women from April 7 to June 10, 2021. The systematic random sampling technique was used to select pregnant from three health centers. Epi-Data version 3.2 and STATA/14 software were used for both data entry and analysis, respectively. A Logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitance. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the strength of association at P<0.05.

Result: This study included 336 pregnant mothers who were booked ANC in three health centers. The overall levels of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant mothers were 79.17 %(95%CI: 74.5 --83.2). Whereas, having poor attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines (AOR=9.4; 95%CI: 3.7--21.1, P<0.001), monthly income ≤118.5 US dollar (AOR =6.3; 95%CI: 2.9--12.2, P<0.002), Mother who are illiterate and started ANC (AOR=9.5; 95%CI: 4.6--22.6, P<0.001), Being unplanned pregnant (AOR =7.5; 95%CI: 3.6-11.2, P<0.002), first time ANC initiated (AOR =4.2; 95%CI: 2.9--15.1, P<0.001), and pregnant didn’t used social media (AOR= 6.0: 95%CI: 2.5--14.6, P< 0.02) were significantly associated with COVID-19 Vaccine hesitance.

Conclusion: The acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine among pregnant mothers was insufficient compared with previous research. Health care workers should provide health education during ANC visits to change their negative attitude and reassurance for the safety and effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine.
NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Head and Neck Cancers, Version 1.2022
Authors: Caudell Jimmy J. , Gillison Maura L. , Maghami Ellie , Spencer Sharon , Pfister David G. , Adkins Douglas , Birkeland Andrew C. , Brizel David M. , Busse Paul M. , Cmelak Anthony J. , Colevas A. Dimitrios , Eisele David W. , Galloway Thomas , Geiger Jessica L. , Haddad Robert I. , Hicks Wesley L. , Hitchcock Ying J. , Jimeno Antonio , Leizman Debra , Mell Loren K. , Mittal Bharat B. , Pinto Harlan A. , Rocco James W. , Rodriguez Cristina P. , Savvides Panayiotis S. , Schwartz David , Shah Jatin P. , Sher David , St. John Maie , Weber Randal S. , Weinstein Gregory , Worden Frank , Yang Bruce Justine , Yom Sue S. , Zhen Weining , Burns Jennifer L. , Darlow Susan D.
Published: March 2022

The NCCN Guidelines for Head and Neck Cancers address tumors arising in the oral cavity (including mucosal lip), pharynx, larynx, and paranasal sinuses. Occult primary cancer, salivary gland cancer, and mucosal melanoma (MM) are also addressed. The specific site of disease, stage, and pathologic findings guide treatment (eg, the appropriate surgical procedure, radiation targets, dose and fractionation of radiation, indications for systemic therapy). The NCCN Head and Neck Cancers Panel meets at least annually to review comments from reviewers within their institutions, examine relevant new data from publications and abstracts, and reevaluate and update their recommendations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel’s most recent recommendations regarding management of HPV-positive oropharynx cancer and ongoing research in this area.
«Bíblia del segle XIV. Primer llibre dels Paralipòmens», Barcelona, Associació Bíblica de Catalunya / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, 2021, 452 p.
Authors: Requesens i Piquer Joan
Published: March 2022

Ressenya sobre la Bíblia del segle XIV. Primer llibre dels Paralipòmens, Barcelona, Associació Bíblica de Catalunya / Publicacions de l’Abadia de Montserrat, 2021, 452 p., ISBN: 984-84-9191-168-5.
Can Playfulness Be Designed? Understanding Playful Design through Agency in Astroneer (2019)
Authors: Bódi Bettina
Published: March 2022

The cultural phenomenon that Minecraft (Mojang 2009) has become over the past decade demonstrates, amongst many other things, a powerful appetite for games where the player is thrown in a virtual playground to do as they please. Aerospace-themed survival-crafting game Astroneer (2019) by System Era Softworks is one of many such video games released since that capitalizes on this trend. The appeal of such games lies in that they can be enjoyed by players with various interests, abilities and backgrounds: the average player can mine, build, and fight whatever and whomever they please, or even create entire games within the game. The design of such games is, in many ways, less constricted than that of other avatar-based genres, such as action-adventures or first-person shooters. Freedom, playfulness, and creative play are often associated with such design, which evoke questions about agency. This article connects these notions and asks: can agency help us better understand how playfulness can be designed? By interrogating the paratexts surrounding the game’s development to see how developers discussed design decisions that facilitate playfulness, this article illustrates how thinking of agency as something afforded by game design can be a productive analytical tool to identify design decisions that facilitate player freedom and creative thinking. This, in turn, sheds light on whether, and if so how, playfulness can be designed.
There Is No Immersion: Critical Intervention through Hypermediacy in Metagames
Authors: Thorne Sarah
Published: March 2022

In 2020, Draw Me a Pixel released There Is No Game, a game that playfully engages with the concept of the metagame and its varied meanings to examine the relationship between developers, games, and their audiences. The game has much in common with other metagames released during the boom and bust cycle of the indie game market in terms of its themes and playful attitude toward its players. Like many of these games, it features an antagonistic narrator, who, upon launching the game, announces that there is no game. The concept of a game resistant to play has become a recurring theme in many metagames that critique industry pressures, trends, and players’ playful resistance to designed experiences. This article examines There Is No Game’s use of hypermediacy (as a feature of both its narrative and design) to deliver its critique of the industry, while offering insight into its own development. More than simply breaking the fourth-wall, hypermediacy becomes the instigator for critical reflection and is used to highlight the challenges faced by indie developers and the material conditions in which games are made. Yet, unlike its predecessors that share this critique, There Is No Game offers an optimistic perspective on the future of the industry.
Play and Playfulness in Lynda Barry’s What It Is
Authors: Brown Kieron
Published: March 2022

This article discusses play and playfulness in Lynda Barry’s autobiographical comics/instructional work What It Is (2008). The term ‘playfulness’ is commonly used in two primary but distinct ways, namely in a phenomenological sense concerning a free attitude accompanying a given play activity, and referring to a frame-breaking form of disruption. I refer to the former as play/playing, and reserve the term ‘playfulness’ for the latter, while also suggesting that playfulness implies a form of disruptive attitude or intent. Playing is a central concept in Barry’s work, one on which the author draws in terms of formulating the creative process. Barry’s insistence on the phenomenological or experiential aspects of playing both reinforces and is reinforced by the stylistic aspects of What It Is. Thus, assertions of playfulness based on elements of Barry’s work that subvert convention, often via a form of ambiguity, are consistently countered by Barry’s emphasis on process. It is therefore argued that, if What It Is displays a form of playfulness, it is primarily in terms of the way that it occupies the border between immediacy and authenticity, on the one hand, and constructedness, on the other. The article first establishes the approach to playing adopted by Barry throughout What It Is, based on the work of D. W. Winnicott, and links it to other conceptualizations of play/playing, before drawing a distinction between playing and playfulness. Following this, it examines how Barry’s delineation of the creative process as play, as well as the author’s approach to style, achieves a perceived form of immediacy and authenticity. After this, following consideration of the playfulness of Barry’s collage pages, the article considers how What It Is occupies the border between immediacy and constructedness.
Employee Happiness Heals the Turnover Intention: A Study of the Machine Operators of a Leading Apparel Company in Sri Lanka
Authors: Weerarathna R. S. , Somawardana W. S. D. , Weerasinghe W. A. P. D.
Published: March 2022

Happiness is a highly valued goal for most inhabitants as identified in most cultures. Feeling fulfilled is essential to social existence, and most people appear to be fairly content most of the time. A high rate of turnover among employees signals a major weakness in achieving organization's goals. This is because employees are the key players in determining organizational performance and survival. In ABC Apparel Company, it was identified that the employees who were machine operators' position have resigned frequently due to several reasons related to work. As a result of preliminary research, researchers identified several factors that make employees unhappy resulting in intention to leave their job. The main objective of the study was to find the impact of employee happiness on turnover intention. The research study was conducted in ninety (90) samples using simple random sampling among five hundred sixty (560) employees in the machine operator position. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed randomly to a sample of ninety (90) employees who were in the machine operator position used in this study, and data was collected accordingly. Findings proved that employee happiness impact on turnover intention and a relationship exists between employee happiness and turnover intention. The importance of having employees happy within an organization was highlighted from this study.
Integrated Nutrient Management in Rainfed Maize (Zea mays L.) under Eastern Ghat High Land Zone of Odisha
Authors: Phonglosa Amit , Bhusan Dalei Bibhuti , Murmu Paritosh , Behera Biman , Sinha Biswajit , Saren Subhashis , Nayak Lalatendu , Meena Manoj Kumar
Published: March 2022

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2016 and 2017 at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Sub-Station, Umerkote of Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology comes under Eastern Ghat High Zone of Odisha, India to assess the response of integrated nutrient management on yield and economics of rainfed maize. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with six treatments replicated four times. The experimental soils were strongly acidic, non-saline, loamy sand, low in organic carbon, available N, P, B, Zn and medium in available K contents. The maximum 100 seeds weight (38.86 g),  stover yield (9.57 t ha-1), grain yield (7.65 t ha-1), net return (INR 50,711 ha-1)  and B:C ratio (1.98) were recorded in soil test based N:P:K:B:Zn (i.e. N:P2O5:K2O:S:B:Zn @ 150:75:60:1.25:6.25 kg ha-1) + lime @ 0.1 LR + FYM @ 5 t ha-1  (T6) followed by soil test based N:P:K:Zn @ 150:75:60:1.25: 6.25 kg ha-1 + lime @ 0.1 LR (T5) over control (i.e Farmers Practice N:P:K:Zn @ 160:80:45:0:0 kg ha-1). Hence, it could be concluded that application of soil test based N:P:K:B:Zn @ 150:75:60:1.25:6.25 kg ha-1 + lime 0.1 LR + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 recorded better yield (7.65 t ha-1) and income (INR 50,711 ha-1) as compared to other treatments as well as farmers practice.
Prevalence of Acute Sars COV-2 Infection among Healthcare Workers and Their Associated Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Centre of North India
Authors: Gulzar Binish , Anjum Farhana
Published: March 2022

Background: Study on the SARS COV-2 and its associated risk factors among the Health care workers who are being in the frontline of the SARS COV-2 pandemic are facing a substantial risk of infection from Corona-virus disease 2019 outbreak.

Study: Hospital-based cross-sectional study.

Place of Study: Postgraduate Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir.

Duration: One year.

Methodologies: This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study design conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Covid Lab, where the participants were the HCW’s from GMC & associated hospitals along with many districts of Kashmir division suffering from acute respiratory infection suspected of COVID-19. All the participants provided information on demographic factors, medical history, and subsequently any COVID-19 symptoms along with the contact details before testing. And the test results for SARS-CoV-2 were obtained using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR).

Results: Between March 2020 and March 2021, 7141 HCWs were tested for COVID-19 at Covid Lab, GMC Srinagar. A total of 913 (12.7%) HCW tested positive for Covid-19. Males 629 (68.8%) were affected more in comparison to females 284 (31.2%). The highest positivity was observed among the age group between 26-35 years of age 346 (37.8%) followed by 36-45 years 221 (24.2%). Among the positive 698(76.4%) were symptomatic. Doctors comprise a total of 533 (58.3%) of the total SARS COV-2 infected health care workers.

Conclusion: As apparent from the study, HCWs play a vital role in fighting the SARS-CoV-2  pandemic. The analysis along with the rapid and reliable access to testing of the infection status of HCWs is essential to preserve the health, safety, and availability of the healthcare workforce and to facilitate the rapid return of SARS- CoV-2 negative HCWs to work.
Castor Bean Cake: A Promising Alternative for Sustainable Spider Mite Management
Authors: Gonçalves Alves Amanda , Mathias Holtz Anderson , Dutra Thiago Rodrigues , De Carvalho José Romário , Aguiar Ronilda Lana , Neto Vergilio Borghi , Mamedes Piffer Ana Beatriz , Binda de Assis Caio Henrique , Magnago Ariana , Daros Fienni Natália
Published: March 2022

Tetranychus urticae is an important phytophagous and cosmopolitan pest, affecting several cultures worldwide, such as papaya, strawberry, cotton, beans and soybeans. Chemical pesticides for mite control pollute the environment, poison humans and select resistant mite populations. Ricinus communis cake is a by-product of biodiesel production, containing compounds, such as ricinin and some fatty acids, described as toxic to arthropods. The objective of this work was to evaluate the castor bean cake acaricide potential on the spider mite, T. urticae. Ricinus communis dried seeds were pressed for oil extraction. Subsequently, the cake obtained after the oil extraction was ground in a knife mill to produce a fine powder. After, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 grams of castor bean cake powder were mixed into 100 mL of Tween 80 aqueous solution 0.05 % v v-1, stirred (30 minutes, at 25 °C) and left to rest (20 minutes) to decant the solid particles. Finally, the supernatant (castor cake extract) was separated from the solid part by simple filtration. For direct application, 6 mL of castor cake extract were sprayed onto 10 T. urticae females dispersed on a 4 cm diameter Canavalia ensiformis leaf. For indirect application, 10 T. urticae females were placed in discs leaf, previously immersed in castor bean extract. Ten replicates were used for each treatment, evaluating the mortality parameter as a time function (24, 48 and 72 hours) for both application forms. The obtained data were submitted to linear regression analysis. T. urticae mortality did not show a dose-dependent behavior as a function of the castor bean cake extract concentrations for both forms of application (direct and indirect). Castor bean cake extract at 2.5 % w v-1 caused the highest mortality T. urticae females treated directly or indirectly (95 or 88 %, respectively) than this extract in the other evaluated concentrations. The average mortality of T. urticae females treated directly or indirectly with this extract at the different concentrations evaluated were 88.4 and 77.7 %, respectively. The results showed that the castor bean cake extract, applied directly or indirectly in T. urticae, caused high mortality of females of this mite, being a promising alternative for the spider mite sustainable management.
Applicability of Identified Financial Determinants of Undiversifiable Risk to Emerging Markets: A Multi-Sector Analysis of Non-Financial Listed Companies on the Ghana Stock Exchange
Authors: Quao Kwami Hope
Published: March 2022

Aim: This study explores the influence of financial variables on undiversifiable risk in emerging markets.

Methodology: Eight financial variables are examined as determinants of systematic risk.  Five years financial data, 2016-2020, of 14 multi-sector non-financial firms listed on Ghana Stock Exchange was used. A descriptive, regression analysis and multicollinearity analysis was performed to arrive at the study results.

Results: Results based on the five years of financial data indicated that liquidity, leverage, operating efficiency, dividend payout and market value of equity have negative relationship while profitability, firm size and growth have positive relationship with systematic risk.

Conclusion: Except for profitability and growth, the significant relation of the other variables to beta shows that both investors and managers can utilize their movements to make sound financial decisions that will enhance value.
Assessment of Correlation between Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) and Feto-maternal Outcomes of In-term Pregnancies
Authors: Manisha A. , Tembhare Amardeep
Published: March 2022

Background: Amniotic fluid plays a crucial role in providing basic life support to the fetus. This clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the fetus is helpful in the development of fetal systems by providing thermally controlled and a non-restricted sterile environment for fetal growth. During labour, amniotic fluid helps in providing an adequate cushion for umbilical cord. It is this mechanical function of the cushion which aids in preventing compression of cord in-between fetus and uterine wall during uterine contractions and fetal movements. Therefore, helps to prevent fetal distress. It protects fetus from any kind of injury and helps in preventing infection by its bacteriostatic properties. This study aims to estimate the effect of decreased amniotic fluid index (AFI) on maternal and fetal outcomes in term pregnancy.

Materials and Methods: This will be a Prospective cross sectional observational study conducted in OBGY dept. of AVBRH, Wardha. Pregnant women will be enrolled and divided into 3 groups as per Amniotic Fluid Index. Group A with low amniotic fluid index (AFI< 5 cm) Group B with borderline amniotic fluid index (AFI>5cm and <8cm)and Group C with normal amniotic fluid index (AFI 8cm-24cm). Data will be collected, analysed and compared between the groups in terms of the ultrasonographic findings and feto-maternal outcomes of in term pregnancy.

Expected Results: Significant correlation is expected between AFI and feto-maternal outcomes.

Conclusion: Unexpected adverse outcomes can be minimized by estimation of AFI and timely antepartum treatment in mothers with decreased AFI.
A Intresting Case of Struge Weber Syndrome
Authors: Vikhe Vikram , Shende Prakash , Choudhari Harish , Jakotia Ridhima
Published: March 2022

Struge Weber Syndrome is a rare neurocutaneous disorder characterized by Leptomeninigeal & facial angiomas mainly in the course of ophthalmic& maxillary branches of the trigeminal nerve. We report a case of 14 year old male who presented with left hemiparesis since 2 to 3months & Generalized tonic clonic seizures since 5days.Diagnosis is confirmed by CT/MRI. The classical findings seen on CT/MRI are atrophy and calcification of the cerebral hemisphere. The most common neurological symptom seen are seizures, they are typically focal tonic clonic seizures, seen during first year of life. They are often refractory to anti-convulsants. Most children present with slowly progressive hemiparesis during the course of illness.
Essential Oil Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. macrocarpa (S. et Sm.) BalI. Growing in Oum El Bouaghi (Semi- arid area), Algeria
Authors: Basa Nora , Djebaili Hind , Mokrani Meryem , Senoussi Mohamed Mourad , Boulehbal Souad , Zellagui Amar
Published: March 2022

Leaf essential oils of Juniperus oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) wild grown in the region of Oum El Bouaghi (semi- arid area) in Algeria have been analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Fifty seven compounds were identified in the leave oils. The leaf oils were mainly composed of 5-Tetradecen-1-ol, acetate, (Z)-(12.9%) ç-Muurolene (9.1%), α-Cadinol (5.1%) (ñ)-Cadinene (3.9 %) and some other compounds which were only present in minor amounts.

Aims: This study aimed to extracted, identification of essential oils of Leaves of J. oxycedrus L. ssp. macrocarpa (S. et Sm.) BalI. growing in Oum El Bouaghi (semi- arid area), Algeria and evaluation of their antibacterial capacity.

Results: The GC/MS analysis of the Leaves of J. oxycedrus L. (yielded 0, 36 %) permitted the identiﬁcation of fifty seven components. The composition and percentage of the compounds are listed by their order of retention times. The main constituents of the essential oil were composed of 5-Tetradecen-1-ol, acetate, (Z) - (12.9%) ç-Murolene (9.1%), α-Cadinol (5.1%) (ñ)-Cadinene (3.9 %) and some other compounds were only present in minor amounts. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils were evaluated by the disc diffusion method and tested against Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Results showed that Staphylococcus aureus was the highly resistant to the essential oil.

Conclusion: The results of analysis of the components Leaves of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. macrocarpa (S. et Sm.) BalI. growing in Oum El Bouaghi (semi- arid area), Algeria, permitted the identiﬁcation of fifty seven components. The essential oil showed that the essential oil of juniperus oxycedrus has the potential to act as an antibacterial agent.
Annexins A1 and A2 are recruited to larger lysosomal injuries independently of ESCRTs to promote repair
Authors: Yim Willa Wen‐You , Yamamoto Hayashi , Mizushima Noboru
Published: March 2022

Damaged lysosomes can be repaired by calcium release‐dependent recruitment of the ESCRT machinery. However, the involvement of annexins, another group of calcium‐responding membrane repair proteins, has not been fully addressed. Here, we show that although all ubiquitously expressed annexins (ANXA1, A2, A4, A5, A6, A7, and A11) localize to damaged lysosomes, only ANXA1 and ANXA2 are important for repair. Their recruitment is calcium‐dependent, ESCRT‐independent, and selective towards lysosomes with large injuries. Lysosomal leakage was more severe when ANXA1 or ANXA2 was depleted compared to that of ESCRT components. These findings suggest that ANXA1 and ANXA2 constitute an additional repair mechanism that serves to minimize leakage from damaged lysosomes.
Blackening Mechanism and Mechanical Properties Variation of Zirconia Ceramic Induced by Active Metal Brazing
Authors: Qi Fugong , Wang Na , Yang Zhenwen , Wang Ying , Li Huijun
Published: March 2022

Blackening of zirconia (ZrO2) ceramics often occurs in active metal brazing, however, its discoloration mechanism and induced variation in mechanical properties remain unclear. Herein, ZrO2 ceramic and Ti are successfully brazed by Ag–Cu–Pd filler in vacuum along with the blackening phenomenon. In the brazed joints, the reaction layers of TiO2 + Ti3(Cu, Pd)O are formed adjacent to ZrO2, indicating that partial oxygen in ZrO2 is taken by active Ti in the liquid filler that dissolved from the Ti substrate. Furthermore, the height of the blackened ZrO2 ceramic near the brazing seam is in line with the amount of Ti content added to the filler, which infers that bulk‐sized black ZrO2 can be efficiently obtained by the interfacial reaction between Ti and ZrO2. Additionally, the black ZrO2 is having abundant Zr3+ defects and more tetragonal phase content than the original ZrO2. The formation of Zr3+ defects results in the blackening of ZrO2, while the phase transformation leads to reduced hardness, improved impact toughness, and enhanced wear resistance of black ZrO2. Thus, this blackening phenomenon of ZrO2 ceramics provides a new way to tune the mechanical properties of ZrO2.