bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of enkephalin derivative in promoting wound healing and scar remodeling via increased epidermal growth factor in a mouse model
Authors: Kim Sun Eung , Kim Yu Jin , Cheon Young Woo
Published: February 2023

Background Enkephalin, an endogenous neuropeptide, binds to the delta (δ) opioid receptor and exerts an antinociceptive effect. Recent studies have suggested that neuropeptides might effectuate cutaneous wound healing. Therefore, we investigated the effects of an enkephalin derivative on wound healing and scar formation in vivo.Methods Enkephalin derivatives (leucine-enkephalin) were synthesized using the alanine scan method, and the most promising derivative (E10) was selected for further testing. In 15 C57BL/6N mice, two full-thickness skin defects (10 mm in diameter) were made on both sides of the back (left side, enkephalin group; right side, control group). The enkephalin group was administered 100 μL of E10 (AGGFL, 200 μg/mL), and the control group received phosphate-buffered saline. The wound size was digitally analyzed on days 2, 4, 7, and 10. After 21 days, the scar tissues were histologically evaluated for the scar depression index (SDI), and the epidermal growth factor (EGF) concentration was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The skin defect percentages were 98.4%±17.9% (day 2), 83.2%±24.0% (day 4), 39.7%±17.4% (day 7), and 16.2%±10.0% (day 10) in the control group and 86.1%±15.0% (day 2), 61.4%±11.6% (day 4), 26.6%±8.8% (day 7), and 16.4%±8.8% (day 10) in the enkephalin group. The SDI values were significantly lower in the enkephalin group (0.06±0.19) than in the control group (0.22±0.13, P<0.001). The EGF level was significantly higher in the enkephalin group (102.2±22.6 pg/mL) than in the control group (42.1±20.5 pg/mL, P<0.001).Conclusions An enkephalin derivative promoted wound healing and reduced depressed scar formation in a mouse model.
The Democratic Dangers of Central Bank Planning
Authors: Coombs Nathan
Published: February 2023

Eric Monnet makes the case that central banks should introduce welfare-oriented credit policies and suggests legitimating these new powers through the establishment of deliberative credit councils. In this article, I argue that Monnet fails to consider how his model of central bank planning might insulate rather than democratize central banking. With low trust in experts and no society-wide consensus about how best to respond to wicked problems such as climate change, the principal danger is that Monnet’s credit councils may allow political actors to pursue agendas they do not feel they can get past electorates. Indeed, political actors may see shaping central banks’ credit policies as preferable to engaging the contentious fiscal policy domain precisely because the effects of credit policies cannot be easily held to account by voters. I suggest that credit councils are unlikely to provide a democratic channel for redressing these problems because they will inevitably privilege the voices of experts from the financial sector, industry, and (non-)governmental organisations – a de facto epistocracy – over the lay publics subject to their decisions.
Observing a teacher’s interactional competence in an ESOL classroom: a translanguaging perspective
Authors: Tai Kevin W. H. , Dai David Wei
Published: February 2023

Research on translanguaging practices in multilingual contexts has explored how translanguaging highlights the multilingual and multicultural nature of social interactions and its transformative nature in transgressing established norms and boundaries. This article aims to provide an alternative view of interactional competence by connecting it to the notion of translanguaging and its emphasis on the active deployment of multiple linguistic, semiotic, and sociocultural resources in a dynamic and integrated way. We argue for extending the notion of interactional competence as we suggest that translanguaging is the practice of drawing on a speaker’s interactional competence for constructing new configurations of language practices for communicative purposes. Such a conceptualization reinforces the meaning-making process as a locally emergent phenomenon and a jointly accomplished social action. It also conceptualizes the undertaking of co-constructing social interactions as a process of translanguaging whereby interactants need to seek out available multilingual and multimodal resources and make strategic choices among these resources in order to achieve their social actions on a moment-by-moment basis. This article utilizes Sequential-Categorial Analysis, which combines Multimodal Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorisation Analysis, in its analysis of classroom video recordings of vocabulary instruction in a beginner-level adult English-for-Speakers-of-Other-Languages classroom in order to demonstrate our argument.
Transfer and transformation mechanism of chromium in stainless steel slag in pedosphere
Authors: Cai Shuang , Wang Liguang , Zhang Yuzhu , Li Tao , Tian Tielie , Liu Tianji
Published: February 2023

The trivalent chromium (Cr) leached from stainless steel slag can be oxidized into hexavalent Cr with strong toxicity in the natural storage process, thus causing severe pollution to the surrounding soil, water, and atmosphere. Currently, the toxicity hazards caused by high Cr concentrations in plants, animals, and humans have attracted widespread attention from across the world. In this study, an overview is presented regarding the occurrence mode, leaching mechanism, and influencing factors for the presence of Cr in the soil of stainless steel slag under natural landfilling conditions. Meanwhile, a summary is made for the research progress in Cr absorption, transport, and accumulation in the soil–plant system. Besides, allowing for the toxicity and detrimental effect of Cr(vi) in the soil as well as the application of biological and chemical methods for the remediation of Cr(vi)-contaminated soil, a review is conducted on the approach to recycling Cr from stainless steel slag and the application of chemical remediation and biological methods to remedy Cr-containing soil. Finally, a discussion is conducted about the transfer and transformation behavior of Cr in soil–plant system, the practical application of soil remediation technology and the prospect of research in this field.
Fiberless optical communication: issues and challenges
Authors: Singh Shree Prakash , Shrivastava Shreesh Kumar , Sengar Sujata , Nath Soyinka
Published: February 2023

To fulfill the requirement of high data rate with variable quality of service, optical wireless communication is a better option in comparison to existing RF system and is a favorable technological candidate for future optical communication. In wireless optical communication, information is transmitted by propagation of optical wave through the atmosphere. The detrimental effects of channel parameters can acutely limit the utility of an optical wireless communication system. The paper first reviews different channel models in the context to outdoor wireless communication. Different impairments that affect the performance of outdoor optical communication systems and different techniques to mitigate these impairments are then investigated. The upper layer protocols for free space optical communication are also discussed.
“We Collect TONS of Data … We Report What We Think Our Community Cares the Most About … We Learn so Much from It:” School Librarians’ Evidence Collection and Sharing Practices
Authors: Moore Jennifer , Cahill Maria , DiScala Jeffrey , Wang Wanyi
Published: February 2023

Evidence-based practice (EBP) offers school librarians a systematic process for developing, assessing, and revising their school library programs. Two of the seven steps in this process involve collecting and sharing meaningful evidence with appropriate stakeholders, often for advocacy purposes, strategically selecting communication channels and methods aligned with target audiences. Through a survey collecting both quantitative and qualitative data, 161 school librarians in Kentucky, Virginia, and Texas shared their experiences with evidence-based practice. The study reported here focuses on school librarians’ evidence collection and sharing practices. Findings indicate school librarians collect easily obtainable data and share evidence of practice widely; however, they are most likely to share with building-level administrators, and the channels through which they communicate with school personnel differ from those chosen to communicate with other stakeholder groups. Approximately half of participants share evidence for advocacy purposes, and only slightly more than half share evidence of their practice with other school librarians.
Männliche Opfernarrative und rechtsextreme Einstellungen bei jungen Menschen: Validierung und Anwendung eines Instrumentes zur Erfassung maskulistischer Bedrohungsgefühle
Authors: Fischer Jannik M. K. , Farren Diego
Published: February 2023

Männliche Opfernarrative aktivieren gruppenbezogene maskulistische Bedrohungsgefühle, womit sie ein bedeutsamer Faktor für die Entstehung und Verbreitung antifeministischer und rechtsextremer Einstellungen sind. So fungieren sie als Scharnier zwischen öffentlichen und rechten Diskursen und stellen sowohl ein effektives Werkzeug zur Mobilisierung als auch Radikalisierung für populistische wie auch extremistische Akteure dar. Dieser Artikel stellt die aus vier Items bestehende Skala maskulistischer Bedrohungsgefühle (SMBG) vor, die mit ihrer Messung am Schnittpunkt von Männlichkeitsnormen und negativen sozialen Emotionen, die durch eine wahrgenommene Viktimisierung von Männern und Männlichkeit ausgelöst wurden, ansetzt. Die Itemselektion und Validierung der SMBG basiert auf einer Online-Befragung (n = 486) von jungen Menschen im Alter zwischen 16 und 25 Jahren. Es zeigt sich, dass die SMBG psychometrischen Gütekriterien hinreichend entspricht. Sie weist hohe Korrelationen mit allen drei Dimensionen der Male Role Norms Scale (MRNS) sowie moderate bis hohe Korrelationen mit homophoben und anti-genderistischen Einstellungen sowie der Befürwortung der Wehrpflicht auf. Die Anwendung der SMBG anhand hierarchischer linearer Regressionsmodelle zeigt zudem ihre Eignung zur Vorhersage rechtsextremer Einstellungen auch unter Kontrolle der Dimensionen der MRNS auf.
Selective laser melting of Ti6Al4V alloy: effects of process parameters at constant energy density on mechanical properties, residual stress, microstructure and relative density
Authors: Önder Sinan , Saklakoğlu Nurşen
Published: February 2023

Selective laser melting is a production method that results in a large amount of residual stress due to high cooling rates and high thermal gradients. Although there are many studies examining the effects of process parameters on residual stress or mechanical properties in the literature, there are a few studies investigating the effects of changing laser power and scanning velocity (exposure time) at constant energy density on residual stress or mechanical properties and these studies have different results. This is a comprehensive study in this field that includes detailed comparisons with the results of similar studies in the literature. In this study, firstly specimens were produced at different process parameters and it was tried to find the process parameters that will obtain the highest relative density among the trials. Then at the constant energy density (85.0 J mm−3), which the maximum density has been obtained the effects of changing laser power and scanning velocity on residual stress, mechanical properties, microstructure and relative density were investigated. It was observed that at constant energy density, increasing or decreasing laser power and scanning velocity did not increase or decrease residual stress, tensile strength, % elongation and relative density monotonously.
A modified Johnson–Cook constitutive model for titanium alloy TA31 and its implementation into FE
Authors: Liang Pei , Zhang Jie , Kong Ning
Published: February 2023

The accuracy of high-temperature constitutive models is essential for the establishment and optimization of thermomechanical processing, and is one of the most relevant factors determining the reliability of finite element simulation results. In this study, attention is paid to propose a new coupled Johnson–Cook constitutive model for predicting the flow behaviors of titanium alloy TA31 composed of bimodal microstructure, and to implement it in the finite element software Abaqus. The proposed model not only takes into account the strain softening phenomenon of titanium alloy but also the coupled interactions of strain, strain rate and temperature. The correlation coefficient R and average absolute relative error AARE of the modified constitutive equation were 0.9885 and 3.6%, respectively. The mathematical formulation of the new constitutive model allows for accurate predictions of the flow stress of TA31 titanium alloy, while retaining a low identification cost of the unknown coefficients. A subroutine VUHARD of this model was developed, and its reliability was verified in the case of the modeling of one element test. It is helpful to understand the deformation behavior of titanium alloy TA31 and provide valuable references for optimizing the thermomechanical processing.
The effect of shielding gas on weldability of the AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel
Authors: Açar İ. , Çevik B. , Gülenç B.
Published: February 2023

Most of weld defects occurring in the welding of martensitic stainless steels are caused by the presence of hydrogen. Thus, the effects of hydrogen in the weld zone need to be well-understood to estimate the quality and service life of martensitic stainless steel joints. In the present study, AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel materials were welded by using different combinations of shielding gas via the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method. It is known that shielding gases also play a critical role in heat input, cooling rate, microstructure of weld seam, weld defects, and mechanical properties besides drying of molten weld pool. Thus, it is important to investigate the effects of shielding gases and gas combinations on the welding of martensitic stainless steels in the welding process. In the present study, 100 % Ar, 97 % Ar + 3 % H2 and 93 % Ar + 7 % H2 gas combinations were employed. The welded sheets were subjected to the metallographic examination as well as hardness, tensile, and bending tests. The effect of the tests and the combination of shielding gas on the mechanical and microstructural properties of AISI 420 stainless steel was investigated. The results indicated that a noticeable grain coarsening occurred in the microstructure of the weld metal and heat affected zones (HAZs) after the addition of H2 into the Ar gas during the welding process. The highest tensile strength was obtained from the joints with 100 % Ar gas. As a result of the tensile test, rupture occurred in the base metal-HAZ transition zone in all the welded samples. In the joints welded with 97 % Ar + 3 % H2 and 93 % Ar + 7 % H2 gas combinations, fracture occurred in the base metal-HAZ transition zone during the bending test.
Analysis of the interactions between nonoxide reinforcements and Al–Si–Cu–Mg matrices
Authors: Alfonso Ismeli , González Federico , Soto Tania E. , Vargas Joel , Aguilar Claudio , Figueroa Ignacio A. , González Gonzalo
Published: February 2023

Nonoxide ceramics excel among the reinforcements used for aluminum matrix composites due to their variety of morphologies and mechanical properties. Among these reinforcements are carbides (SiC, B4C, and WC); carbon materials (graphite, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, and graphene); nitrides (silicon nitride [Si3N4] and BN); and hollow Fe spheres. Although the effect of adding different percentages of reinforcements has been widely studied for Al matrices, matrix–reinforcement interactions need more attention. The consequences of these interactions can include interface formation, loss of alloying elements, reinforcement deterioration, modifications in the matrix microstructure, different precipitation sequences and kinetics, and interfacial diffusion of elements. These interactions may be significantly modified by the alloying elements, needing more in-depth analyses for a correct selection of the matrix–reinforcement system. Al matrices with Si, Cu, and Mg outstand, and the focus of the present work is their reciprocal interactions with nonoxide reinforcements. The novelty of this review consists of the analysis and discussion of these interactions, emphasizing the modifications originated by each one of these alloying elements, and the conditions needed to increase or avoid their effects on the composite. Besides, an analysis of the crystallography of the generated interfaces is presented, including their impact on mechanical properties. This could be helpful for a better understanding and selection of the matrix–reinforcement system, also serving as a benchmark study.
How does formal and informal industry contribute to lead exposure? A narrative review from Vietnam, Uruguay, and Malaysia
Authors: Poudel Kritika , Ikeda Atsuko , Fukunaga Hisanori , Brune Drisse Marie-Noel , Onyon Lesley Jayne , Gorman Julia , Laborde Amalia , Kishi Reiko
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Lead industries are one of the major sources of environmental pollution and can affect human through different activities, including industrial processes, metal plating, mining, battery recycling, etc. Although different studies have documented the various sources of lead exposure, studies highlighting different types of industries as sources of environmental contamination are limited. Therefore, this narrative review aims to focus mainly on lead industries as significant sources of environmental and human contamination.

Content

Based on the keywords searched in bibliographic databases we found 44 relevant articles that provided information on lead present in soil, water, and blood or all components among participants living near high-risk areas. We presented three case scenarios to highlight how lead industries have affected the health of citizens in Vietnam, Uruguay, and Malaysia.

Summary and Outlook

Factories conducting mining, e-waste processing, used lead-acid battery recycling, electronic repair, and toxic waste sites were the primary industries for lead exposure. Our study has shown lead exposure due to industrial activities in Vietnam, Uruguay, Malaysia and calls for attention to the gaps in strategic and epidemiologic efforts to understand sources of environmental exposure to lead fully. Developing strategies and guidelines to regulate industrial activities, finding alternatives to reduce lead toxicity and exposure, and empowering the public through various community awareness programs can play a crucial role in controlling exposure to lead.
Do they do as they say?
Authors: Sohns Franziska , Wójcik Dariusz
Published: February 2023

This paper responds to Bathelt and Li’s (2020) call for selecting more appropriate methods and improving their rigour by evaluating the feasibility of using factorial surveys to anticipate future relocation behaviour. By utilising a case study approach, focussing on Brexit and the UK FinTech industry, the paper examines to what extent business managers’ relocation intentions are driven by factors similar to those known to drive actual relocation behaviour and compares business managers’ relocation intentions with their companies’ actual relocation outcomes. We use a factorial survey conducted in 2018, which allows us to quantitatively analyse the impact of different Brexit scenarios and selected company characteristics on business managers’ likelihood to intend to relocate their UK business unit (or some functions thereof) to the EU and/or the US. Additionally, we collected qualitative secondary data on the actual relocation outcomes of the surveyed companies in February 2022 by investigating online platforms, such as LinkedIn, Companies House, and Crunchbase, as well as company webpages. The results of this mixed-methods approach highlight a significant variation in business managers’ intentions, and the importance of geographical and institutional proximity for relocation intentions and outcomes. We show that business managers’ relocation intentions are driven by factors similar to those known to drive actual relocation behaviour, such as their perception of the economic consequences of different Brexit scenarios, their territorial embeddedness, as well as their nationality. Most importantly, our findings indicate that, although factorial surveys are only moderately accurate when predicting the exact extent and destination of actual relocation, they are highly accurate when predicting whether a company relocates or not.
Impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative on regional outward FDI from China based on evidence from 2000 to 2015
Authors: Li Yuanyuan
Published: February 2023

Firms from different provinces in China and their different reactions to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) are studied in this research. Initial results from 27.547 outward foreign direct investment (FDI) projects by Chinese firms between 2000 and 2015 regarding the home region profile, host country choice, and FDI motives of the investment firms before and in the early years of the launch of the BRI policy are investigated. The findings show that Chinese firms from eastern provinces that have accumulated a large quantity of inward FDI are more likely than firms from western provinces to switch their investments to BRI-involved countries and engage in a more diverse set of outward FDI motives. These findings help interpret the behavior of Chinese multinationals in the current (de)globalization era, namely using the BRI to circumvent FDI barriers imposed by advanced western economies.
The Academy Life World of the Southeast Scholars in the Late Qing Dynasty: Investigation centered on Qin Jitang
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Wang Seung Gun , Yuan Yuan
Published: February 2023

Carefully reviewing the historical materials of the late Qing Dynasty, we can find an interesting phenomenon, that is, the academies were an important platform for the life and world of the scholars in the late Qing Dynasty. are closely related. He studied in Zhongshan, Zunjing, and Xiyin Academy during Tongzhi, and lectured in Kuiguang and Fengchi Academy in his later years. After the school flourished, Qin Jitang, the chief teacher of the school and the dean of the junior normal school, was a g eneration of academies A microcosm of the school life, its academy life profoundly reflects the inner spiritual world and life pursuit of the southeast scholar community in the late Qing Dynasty. It is a rich stroke in the academic history, educational history and the life history of scholars in the southeast reg ion in the late Qing Dynasty.

명청 시기 사료를 살펴보면 하나의 주목할 만한 현상이 발견된다. 바로 서원은 청대 말기 사인(士人)들의 주요 생활 환경이었다는 것이다. 사인들은 대부분 평생 서원에서 학문을 닦고 강학하였으며, 모임에 참여하고, 저술 활동을 하는 등 서원에 속하거나 그에 관련된 일을 하였다. 진제당(秦際唐)은 동치(同治) 연간 종산서원(鍾山書院), 존경서원(尊經書院), 석음서원(惜陰書院)에서수학하였고, 만년에는 규광서원(奎光書院), 봉지서원(鳳池書院)에서 강학하였다. 학당(學堂)이 생겨난 이후, 그는 전습소(傳習所) 총교원(總教員) 및 초급사범학당(初級師範學堂) 교무장(教務長)을 역임하였다. 서원의 사인 가운데 한사람으로서, 그의 서원 생활에는 청대 말기 동남(東南) 지역 사인 공동체가 지닌 정신세계와 삶의 경향이 드러난다. 이는 서원이 사인 공동체의 모임 장소이자, 그 인생 가치를 실현하는 주요 무대였음을 의미한다. 이러한 현상은 청말 동남 지역의 학술사, 교육사 및 사인(士人) 생활사에 중요한 한 획을 긋는것이다.
The student quota system of academy and its changes in Qing dynasty Centering on Hunan
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Liu Ming
Published: February 2023

In the early Qing Dynasty, the academy followed the Ming Dynasty's lecture style, limited to the houses of the academies. The students of the academies were small and relatively stable, and there was no quota system for students. With the development of the system of academy allowances and rewards, the academy began to have the number of allowances and awards. The system of allowances and rewards is combined with the resident student, co-created a fixed number of students in the academy. In the middle of the Qing dynasty, the examination system gradually became the dominant system of the academy. The quota system included a fixed number of students, the number of allowances and normal awards. The “extra” system has become popular, The system of allowances and rewards based on the results of each test and the number of special awards began to appear. In the late Qing dynasty, the system of allowances and rewards based on the results of each test and the number of special awards beg an to become popular. The scale of the “extra” system kept g rowing . At the same time, At the same time, the emergence of new types of academies also led to new changes in the academy student quota system. Hunan province is an important region for the development of academies in the Qing dynasty. Taking Hunan province as the center to clarify the student quota system of academies in the Qing dynasty and its chang es is of great significance for answering questions such as what is the academy learning experience, how to determine academy students, how to determine the size of academy students.

청대 초기 서원은 명대의 강학 풍조를 계승하였다. 서원의 재사(齋舍)와 같은 환경적 제한으로 인해, 서원의 졸업 규모는 비교적 적으면서도 안정적이었기에 생도의 정원에 관한 제도는 없었다. 서원의 고장(膏獎) 제도의 발전에 힘입어, 고화액(膏火額), 장상액(獎賞額) 제도가 출현하였다. 고장 제도는 또한고정생액(固定生額), 고화액(膏火額), 상과장상(常課獎賞) 등으로 겸비되었다. ‘액외(額外)’ 제도 또한 유행하기 시작하였으며, ‘수과고장(隨課膏獎)’, 전과장상액(專課獎賞額) 또한 출현하기 시작했다. 청대 말기에 이르러, ‘수과고장’ 제도 및 전과장상액 제도가 유행하면서 ‘액외’ 규모 또한 지속 확장되었다. 이와동시에, 신식 서원의 출현 또한 서원의 생도 정원 제도에 새로운 변화를 가져다주었다. 호남은 청대 서원 발전에 있어 중심 지역으로서, 호남을 중심으로청대 서원의 생도 정원 제도 및 그 변화를 파악해본다면 서원의 학습 이수가어떻게 이루어졌는지, 그리고 서원의 졸업생을 어떻게 확정하였는지, 심지어서원 졸업생의 규모를 어떻게 특정하였는지 등의 의문에 대한 의미 있는 답안을 도출할 수 있을 것이다.
The Flow of Toegye's scholastic(退溪學派) in Changwon in the Late Jose on Dynasty
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Baek Jiguk
Published: February 2023

The Confucian scholars in the Changwon area during the Joseon Era comprised the key personnel from the Youngnam's scholastic(嶺南學派) and Nammyeong's scholastic(南冥學派) as well as the Tonghongwon(通婚 圈, district to select spouse) and structured its academic foundation. However, there has been certain difficulties to clarify the genealogy with the teaching-succession relationship with key personnel not so clear or it was confirmed during the current time period.
After the Injobanjeong(仁祖反正), Nammyeong's scholastic collapsed and intellectuals in Changwon displayed the tendency of merged into Toegye's scholastic with Jeong Gooo(鄭逑) and Heo Mo(許穆)k leading the way. In particular, With the establishment of Hoewon Seowon(檜原書 院) where Jeong Go and Heo Mok were served for rituals, the Toegye's scholastic succeeded in academic aspect while the position of Namin(南 人) was clarified in political aspect.
Thereafter, with the expansion of foundation for neo-Confucianism and effort of people in Chang won, a g roup of scholars, such as, Park Sin-yun, Kim Sang-jeong and others was encouraged for academic advancement at the end of the 17th century. Park Sin-yun and Kim Sang-jeong were scholars of Lee Hyun-il and Lee Seung-il brothers who were the intellectuals that linked Toegye School of the Andong area to the Chang won area. In particular, Kim Sang -jeong led the personal petition movement for Lee Hyun-il and Heo Mok tendency of Hoewon Seowon and so forth. Such attributes had important influence in establishing the academic and political identity in the Changwon area during the later Joseon Era.
For intellectuals that represented Changwon in the late 19th century, there were Kim Gi-ho, Kim Man-hyun and others. They broadened the foundation of Confucian scholarship in Changwon through the teachings in the reg ion as the pupils of Heo Jeon. Especially, Kim Gi-ho formed Yocheonsisa to facilitate it as the place of exchange for the nearby Heo Jeon scholars and Changwon Confucian scholars. Furthermore, they educated the ensuing generation in Sosanjae, Yukyoungjae, Hyanggyo and others and they produced significant number of modern Confucian intellectuals.
Studying the format and record content of The Student Life Notice Table in The Japanese colonial period
Authors:   Institute of Korean Cultural Studies Yeungnam University, Chae hwei-kyun
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to reveal the characteristics of education shown in the student life notice table in the Japanese colonial period by analyzing the format, composition, and recording method of the student life notice table during the Japanese colonial period. Therefore, the results of the study are summarized based on the contents analyzed in the main body and the conclusions are presented as follows.
First, The Japanese colonial the student life notice table has been an effective means of delivering and accepting general education for children across the country and delivering and delivering the results through a certain form to propagate and accommodate the knowledge and attitude of Japanese colonial rule.
Second, festivals and anniversaries were to instill pro-Japanese culture and rituals. Since festivals and anniversaries were recorded and observed on the daily life notification table, they were playing a role in promoting and instilling pro-Japanese culture and pro-Japanese consciousness.
Third, in the student life notice table during the Japanese colonial period, lessons and guidelines indicating the nature of school education are recorded. This was to reinforce colonial education through precepts and emphases. Therefore, it shows the intention to strengthen and sustain colonial rule by nurturing students who are loyal to Japan and follow discipline.
Fourth, the subjects recorded in the student life notice table during the Japanese colonial period reflect the contents and characteristics of school education. In the subject, Japanese was displayed as the Korean language, and Korean language was integrated with Chinese characters, but was deleted from the subjects during the late Japanese colonial period. Therefore, the subjects shown in the student life notice table show that school education during the Japanese colonial period was education for maintaining and strengthening the colony.
Fifth, the types and methods of evaluation made them immerse themselves in competition and pro-Japanese colonial education. At the same time, evaluation indicates the level of learning achievement, and the evaluation method influences the thinking and train of learners. Marking grades and ranks on transcripts made them focus more on colonial education because they classify learners, stimulate competition, and evoke feelings of superiority and inferiority.
Kinetic and Kinematic Assessment of the Band-Assisted Countermovement Jump
Authors: Fernandes John F.T. , Arede Jorge , Clarke Hannah , Garcia-Ramos Amador , Perez-Castilla Alejandro , Norris Jonty P. , Wilkins Celeste A. , Dingley Amelia F.
Published: February 2023

Fernandes, JFT, Arede, J, Clarke, H, Garcia-Ramos, A, Perez-Castilla, A, Norris, JP, Wilkins, CA, and Dingley, AF. Kinetic and kinematic assessment of the band-assisted countermovement jump. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1588–1593, 2023—This study sought to elucidate kinetic and kinematic differences between unloaded and band-assisted countermovement jumps (CMJs). In a randomized order, 20 healthy subjects (mass 84.5 ± 18.6 kg) completed 3 repetitions of CMJs across 3 conditions: unloaded (at body mass), low, and moderate band (8.4 ± 1.9 and 13.3 ± 3.3 kg body mass reduction, respectively). For all repetitions, a force platform and linear position transducer were used to record and calculate kinetic and kinematic data. Body mass was significantly different between the unloaded, low, and moderate band conditions (p < 0.05). Peak velocity, absolute peak, and mean force and movement duration displayed a trend that was mostly related to the condition (i.e., unloaded > low > moderate) (p < 0.05). The opposing trend (i.e., moderate > low > unloaded) was generally observed for relative peak and mean force, reactive strength index modified, and flight time (p < 0.05). No differences were observed for mean velocity, movement duration, and absolute and relative landing forces (p > 0.05). The use of band assistance during CMJs can alter force, time, and velocity variables. Practitioners should be aware of the potential positive and negative effects of band assistance during CMJs.
Temperature Dependence of Cleavage Fracture Toughness for an Ultrahigh Strength Martensitic Steel
Authors: Barbosa Vitor S. , Gomes Vinicius M. C. , Ruggieri Claudio
Published: February 2023

This work conducts an exploratory evaluation of the brittle fracture behavior for an ultrahigh strength martensitic steel using conventional three-point bend SE(B) and precracked Charpy V-notch (PCVN) specimens. A primary purpose of this study is to verify the effectiveness of the Master Curve methodology in providing a reliable estimate of the reference temperature (T0) derived from fracture toughness data sets measured in the ductile-to-brittle transition (DBT) region of an ultrahigh strength, low alloy martensitic steel. Fracture toughness testing conducted on three-point bend SE(B) specimens and PCVN configurations at different test temperatures in the DBT region provides the cleavage fracture resistance data in terms of the J-integral at cleavage instability, Jc, and its corresponding KJc-values for the tested material. Although this class of ultrahigh strength steel having a martensitic microstructure is currently beyond the reach of ASTM E1921, Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range, the analyses described here show that the predicted normalized curves of median fracture toughness versus temperature are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.
Computational strategies for PROTAC drug discovery
Authors: Wu Jia , Wang Wanhe , Leung Chung-Hang
Published: February 2023

Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), a novel targeted protein degradation technology for potential clinical drug discovery, is composed of a protein-targeting ligand covalently linked to an E3 ligase ligand. Through recruiting E3 ligase to target proteins, PROTACs elicit ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of targets via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In the past few decades, molecular docking and virtual screening have emerged as an efficient strategy in drug discovery for identifying compounds from a large database of chemical structures. For PROTACs, molecular docking accurately simulates the protein-PROTAC-E3 ternary complex, thus greatly accelerating structure-activity-relationship analysis, and improving ligand affinity and selectivity. In this review, we summarize recent efforts in the application of molecular docking and virtual screening for PROTAC drug discovery. To date, approximately nine target proteins and twelve PROTACs have been successfully developed through molecular docking and virtual screening. Finally, the potential challenges of molecular docking and virtual screening-based PROTACs are discussed.
Unifying, Globalizing, and Reinterpreting “Practical Nonviolence” through the COVID-19 Pandemic Response of North American Jains
Authors: Donaldson Brianne
Published: February 2023

Jainism is a religious-philosophical system rooted in ancient India with diaspora communities around the world. One of the tradition’s hallmarks is the philosophical commitment of nonviolence (ahiṃsā) toward all living beings. In this study I explore how Jains enact new transnational modes of “being Jain” in response to COVID-19. Drawing upon multimedia Jain resources created from March 2020 through July 2021, I argue that North American Jains approach the pandemic as an opportunity to reinterpret the “practical” value of the Jain commitment to nonviolence by (1) giving epistemic primacy to medical knowledge, complemented with spiritualized narratives of healing; (2) admitting a diversity of Jain philosophical perspectives on the present pandemic; (3) identifying the positive potential of the pandemic for personal and social development; (4) promoting sectarian unity and intergenerational adaptability among Jains; and (5) fostering public service and charitable work as a form of transcultural social-political belonging.
Endoscopic and Endosonographic Palliation for Triple Obstruction Caused by Recurrent Gallbladder Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Young Rong , Oh Chi Hyuk , Yang Min Jae
Published: February 2023

Gallbladder cancer is the most common cause of hilar biliary obstruction; however, it rarely causes combined biliary, duodenal, and colon triple obstruction. In this case, the quality of life for a patient with recurrent gallbladder cancer with combined duodenal, colonic, and biliary obstruction was improved by endoscopic and endosonographic palliation, despite its technical difficulty and complexity. Seven metal stents were implanted one by one using only endoscopic methods. Successful stent-in-stent placement and endoscopic ultrasound-guided stenting after failed ERCP improved the patient’s quality of life to the extent that there was no need for any external drainage.
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm of Pancreas with High-Risk Stigmata or Worrisome Features: What do You Do? Physician’s View
Authors: Chon Hyung Ku , Kim Tae Hyeon
Published: February 2023

There are still debated about surveillance interval, duration, diagnostic modality and treatment for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas. In recent guidelines, ‘high risk stigmata (HRS)’ and ‘worrisome feature (WF)’ are defined as predictive factors for malignancy in IPMN. IPMNs with HRS and main duct- IPMN are more likely to accompany malignancies, thus require surgery. However, in the case of only WF, since the risk of malignancy is different for each factor, the management decision can be variable according to the number of overlapping WFs. In addition, for segmental main pancreatic duct dilatation without enhancing mural nodules, careful surveillance might be considered rather than immediate surgery. In IPMN patients with elderly or severe comorbidities, treatment strategy should be determined based on surgical and malignant risk assessment. To date, the natural course of IPMN patients with HRS and WF is not well understood, thus further studies with a large number of patients are needed.
Overview of carbon capture, utilisation and storage technologies to ensure low-carbon development of energy systems
Authors:   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Shcherbyna Yevhen , Novoseltsev Oleksandr ,   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Evtukhova Tatiana ,   Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, 2 Frometivska Str., 03039, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2023

Carbon dioxide CO2 is a component of air that is responsible for the growing global warning and greenhouse gases emissions. The energy sector is one of the main sources of CO2 emissions in the world and especially in Ukraine. Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is a group of technologies that play a significant role along with renewable energy sources, bioenergy and hydrogen to reduce CO2 emissions and to achieve international climate goals. Nowadays there are thirty-five commercial CCUS facilities under operation around the world with a CO2 capture capacity up to 45 million tons annually. Tougher climate targets and increased investment provide new incentives for CCUS technologies to be applied more widely. CCUS are applications in which CO2 is captured from anthropogenic sources (power generation and industrial processes) and stored in deep geological formations without entering atmosphere or used in various products using technologies without chemical modification or with conversion. The article discusses the use of various technologies of CO2 capture (post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture and oxy-combustion capture), CO2 separation methods and their application in the global energy transition to reduce the carbon capacity of energy systems. Technical and economic indicators of CO2 capture at different efficiencies for coal and gas power plants are given. Technologies of transportation and storage of captured carbon dioxide and their economic indicators are considered. The directions for the alternative uses of captured CO2, among which the main ones are the production of synthetic fuels, various chemicals and building materials, are also presented and described in the paper. The possibility of utilization captured СО2 in the production of synthetic fuel in combination with Power-to-Gas technologies was studied. Keywords: greenhouse gases emissions, fossil fuels, СО2 capture technologies, capture efficiency, synthetic fuel
Development of a methodology for managing the load regime of the unified energy system of ukraine, using new principles of regulating the generating capacities of nuclear, solar and wind power plants
Authors:   General Energy Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 172 Antonovycha str., Kyiv, 03150, Ukraine, Lenchevsky Eugene , Godun Oleg ,   Naukovo-tekhnichnyi tsentr DP NAEK «Enerhoatom», 22/24 Hoholivska str, Kyiv, 01032, Ukraina
Published: February 2023

The article considers promising directions for the construction of new systems for regulating the generating capacity of nuclear, solar and wind power plants, capable of changing and improving the processes of managing the load regime of the unified energy system of Ukraine. Conducted studies have shown that with the implementation of new systems, there is a real opportunity to abandon modern but too expensive means of maneuverable generation, such as reserve stations with highly maneuverable TPPs, as well as frequency control support systems (FCS) using powerful storage batteries. In contrast to this, it is offered in the processes of managing the regime of the unified energy system of Ukraine, applying the new principles and means of regulating the generating capacities of NPPs, as well as WPPs and SPPs. For this, it will be necessary to create reserves from the automatically controlled load of powerful EC electric boilers in the OESU. At the same time, only the automated dispatching control system (ADСS) will perform the load regulation processes of powerful ECs. It is assumed that the information data on the current load regulation parameters of the ECs complexes will be sent to the ADСS from specialized tools built on the basis of the use of information and measurement technologies (IMT) developed at the Institute of General Energy on NAS of Ukraine. The result of the conducted research is the development of methodical approaches to the management of the OES regime, using new principles of regulation of generating capacities both in the power grid of NPPs and in the cities where WPPs and SES are installed. Keywords: power system, electric heat generators, load schedule, control system
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran SAVI dalam Mata Pelajaran IPA di Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Afifah Siti Nur , Sartika Septi Budi
Published: February 2023

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the SAVI learning model in science subjects in grade 5 of SD. Data collection techniques using observation, tests, and questionnaires. The results showed that: (1) The teacher's ability to manage science learning using the SAVI learning model was categorized in good classification. With a percentage of 100% at the second meeting and third and 90% at the first meeting. (2) Student activity in science learning with the SAVI learning model, which is in very good classification with a percentage of 100%. (3) the academic response is classified as very good with an average score of 90%. (4) the results of student observations in science learning after the SAVI model was applied to grade 5 students of SD were categorized in very good and effective classification. Based on the calculation of N-gain with a value of 71.3659 included in the high category which is in the interval 0.7≥g <1. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of the SAVI learning model in science learning for grade 5 SD can be said to be effective.
Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dalam Mata Pelajaran Matematika Pada Siswa Kelas IV
Authors: Rahmawati Dewi Sinta , Wafiqni Nafia
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the increase in learning outcomes of mathematics, the subject of estimation and rounding in IV grade students of SDN  in the 2021/2022 academic year. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (CAR) which consists of two cycles and four stages. The data collection technique used was observation while students were participating in the learning process and using tests in the form of questions carried out at the end of the cycle as well as documentation during learning activities.The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in students' mathematics learning outcomes using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model in each cycle. In the first cycle, student learning outcomes reached 53% of 32 students and only 17 students completed. Furthermore, in cycle II there was an increase with learning outcomes reaching 91% completeness and only 3 students who did not complete. The conclusion of this study is that efforts to use the Project Based Learning model can improve mathematics learning outcomes for IV grade students at SDN .
Metode Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa
Authors: Ardhani Devi Juliana , Fauzan Fauzan
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan metode Cooperative Integrated Reding and Composition (CIRC) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia kelas III di SDN Pamulang 01. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), dengan dua siklus. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk menguji kemampuan membaca siswa menggunakan lembar observasi dan soal tes. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas III di SDN Pamulang 01 yang membuka 30 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dengan persentase Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diketahui hasil ketuntasan pada siklus pra sebesar 10%, dan ketuntasan pada siklus I menjadi 53,33%, serta ketuntasan pada siklus II sebesar 100%, dimana keberhasilan sudah mencapai 100 %.
Hubungan Antara Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dengan Hasil Belajar Tematik Peserta Didik Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hardianti Rizka , Fidrayani Fidrayani
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship between critical thinking skills and student learning outcomes, and to determine how much the level of critical thinking skills affects thematic learning outcomes. In this study using descriptive correlational method. The tools used to collect data were a Likert scale for critical thinking skills variables, and midterm exam results documents for learning outcomes variables. The sample used was a saturated sample, namely the entire population of 83 grade 5 students. The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between critical thinking skills and learning outcomes, social studies, and civics. The coefficient of determination in this study was 6.4% for the relationship between critical thinking skills and Indonesian language learning outcomes, then for the relationship between critical thinking skills and social studies learning outcomes of 9.2%, and 6.7% on Civics learning outcomes. The influence of critical thinking skills on Indonesian language learning outcomes was 6.4%, social studies learning outcomes were 9.2% and civics learning outcomes were 6.7%, the rest were influenced by factors that were not thorough in this study.