bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection and genetic characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producers in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sahoo Suryarashmi , Otta Sarita , Swain Bichitrananda , Kar Subrat Kumar
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms inactivate extended beta-lactam antibiotics and monobactams and also exhibit coresistance to many other classes of antibiotics. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of the ESBLs and to determine the most prevalent genotype in our hospital.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: All clinically significant Gram-negative isolates were identified, and their antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby–Bauers' disc diffusion method. ESBL detection was confirmed by minimal inhibitory concentration method using agar dilution technique for those who screened positive by ceftazidime (30 μg) disc. Further, the established ESBL-positive isolates were subjected to genotyping for bla TEM, bla CTX-M, and bla SHV genes by using conventional polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS: Escherichia coli was the most common (28.84%) Gram-negative bacillus followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.07%), while Pseudomonas spp. (9.61%) was the most commonly identified nonfermenter. ESBL production was detected in 160 (30.8%) isolates. Klebsiella oxytoca (46.7%) followed by E. coli (44%) were the common ESBL producers. Most predominant ESBL gene was bla TEM, found in 122 (76.25%) isolates. Combinations of two genes were seen in 109 (68.1%) isolates, the most common (43.12%) combination being blaTEM and blaCTX-M. In this study, 16 (10%) strains had all the three types of genes. Most of the isolated Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were sensitive to amikacin, imipenem, and colistin.

CONCLUSION: In our study, the 30.8% of GNB were ESBL producers. This is the only study that shows that TEM is the most prevalent ESBL genotypes in our area. Of concern is a good number of isolates showing all three patterns of genes (TEM, SHV, and CTX-M). Amikacin, imipenem, and colistin were the most useful antibiotics in our setup.
Reduction in sample rejections at the preanalytical phase – Impact of training in a tertiary care oncology center
Authors: Chavan Preeti D. , Bhat Vivek G. , Poladia Pratik P. , Tiwari Manikchandra R. , Naresh Chital
Published: October 2019

CONTEXT: Major clinical decisions are based on the laboratory test results where preanalytical errors are an important cause of repeat collections in patients. Identification of problem areas and continuous training of phlebotomy staff are important tools in reducing these errors.

AIMS: In this study, we looked at the most common causes of sample rejection in our setting and the efficacy of the corrective measures and training processes for staff in reducing preanalytical errors.

SETTINGS AND DESIGNS: This prospective study was conducted at the laboratory diagnostic services of a tertiary care oncology center, with a hematopoietic stem cell transplant unit during the period of 2012–2017 in two phases. Sample rejections from various wards were analyzed for types of rejections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the first phase, we analyzed the problem areas (year 2012). Following a root cause analysis, current practices of training were altered. In the second phase (2013–2017), we studied the effects of these measures.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The percent variation and P value for significance in sample rejections were calculated.

RESULTS: During the year 2012, 0.36% samples were rejected by laboratory. Following interventions in the period from 2013 to 2017, samples rejected dropped to 0.19% (P < 0.0001), 0.09% (P < 0.0001), 0.09% (P = 0.8387), 0.05% (P = 0.0004), and 0.05% (P = 0.329), respectively. The reduction was significant from surgical oncology ward (P = 0.0107) and intensive care unit (P = 0.0007). From 2013 to 2017, errors significantly reduced to 0.015% for hemolyzed samples (P = 0.0001), 0.005% for contaminated samples, 0.036% for clotted samples, and 0.019% for labeling errors.

CONCLUSION: Intervention in the form of targeted training helps reduce errors and improves the quality of results generated and contributes to better clinical outcomes.
Multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Salmonella spp. in the municipality-supplied drinking water
Authors: Shankar Prem , Mishra Jyotsna , Bharti Vijaya , Parashar Deepak , Singh Sarman
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND: The contamination with Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Salmonella spp. in drinking water is the most prevalent in Indian subcontinent, but often difficult to detect all these pathogens from the drinking water.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) method was developed to detect contamination of municipality-supplied drinking water with E. histolytica, G. lamblia, and Salmonella spp. The primers were designed to target small subunit of 16S rRNA type gene of E. histolytica and G. lamblia, and invasive A gene of Salmonella typhimurium. The optimized mPCR assay was applied on 158 municipality-supplied drinking water samples collected from Delhi.

RESULTS: Out of total 158 water samples, 89 (56.32%) were found positive for the targeted pathogens by mPCR while conventional methods could be detected only in 11 (6.96%) samples. The mPCR assay showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for these pathogens in comparison with culture and microscopic detection. Of the 89 mPCR-positive samples, G. lamblia, E. histolytica, and Salmonella spp. were present in 35 (22.15%), 26 (16.45%), and 28 (17.72%), respectively. Nine (5.69%) samples were positive for both E. histolytica and G. lamblia, 10 (6.32%) were positive for G. lamblia and Salmonella spp., and 8 (5.06%) had Salmonella spp. and E. histolytica. Nonetheless, 3 (1.89%) samples were positive for all three pathogens.

CONCLUSIONS: The present assay is an alternative to conventional methods to serve as highly sensitive, specific, and economical means for water quality surveillance to detect the outbreak caused by E. histolytica, G. lamblia, and Salmonella spp. pathogens.
Laparoscopic repeat hepatectomy for treating recurrent liver cancer
Authors: Cai Jingwei , Zheng Junhao , Xie Yangyang , Kirih Mubarak Ali , Tao Liye , Liang Xiao
Published: October 2019

Background:

Laparoscopic repeat hepatectomy (LRH) is a technically challenging procedure, so LRH for recurrent liver cancer has not been widely accepted. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the current literature to identify and evaluate available data of LRH for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) and metastases tumour of liver, especially of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), focusing on the safety and feasibility.

Methods:

A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was performed for all studies published in English evaluating LRH for rHCC and recurrent metastases tumour of liver from 1st January, 2005 to 1st June, 2019.

Results:

A total of 15 studies which comprised 444 patients and reported outcomes for the efficacy and safety of LRH in the treatment of rHCC or CRLM were included in the present review. Moreover, nine studies compared the perioperative outcomes of LRH versus open repeat hepatectomy (ORH). LRH was superior to ORH with reduced blood loss, shorter operative time, shorter hospital stay and lower morbidity rates.

Conclusions:

LRH can safely performed in rHCC or CRLM patients with cirrhosis, previous open hepatectomy, multiple recurrent lesions and tumours located in difficult posterosuperior segments.
Green's function and infinite-time bubbling in the critical nonlinear heat equation
Authors: Cortázar Carmen , del Pino Manuel , Musso Monica
Published: October 2019

Let

\Omega

be a smooth bounded domain in

\mathbb R^n

,

n\ge 5

. We consider the classical semilinear heat equation at the critical Sobolev exponent

u_t = \Delta u + u^{\frac{n+2}{n-2}} \quad \mathrm {in} \: \Omega\times (0,\infty), \quad u =0 \quad \mathrm {on} \: \partial\Omega\times (0,\infty).

Let

G(x,y)

be the Dirichlet Green's function of

-\Delta

in

\Omega

and

H(x,y)

its regular part. Let

q_j\in \Omega

,

j=1,\ldots,k

, be points such that the matrix

\left [ \begin{matrix} H(q_1, q_1) & -G(q_1,q_2) &\cdots & -G(q_1, q_k) \\ -G(q_1,q_2) & H(q_2,q_2) & -G(q_2,q_3) \cdots & -G(q_3,q_k) \\ \vdots & & \ddots& \vdots \\ -G(q_1,q_k) &\cdots& -G(q_{k-1}, q_k) & H(q_k,q_k) \end{matrix} \right ]

is positive definite. For any

k\ge 1

such points indeed exist. We prove the existence of a positive smooth solution

u(x,t)

which blows-up by bubbling in infinite time near those points. More precisely, for large time

t

,

u

takes the approximate form

u(x,t) \approx \sum_{j=1}^k \alpha_n \left ( \frac { \mu_j(t)} { \mu_j(t)^2 + |x-\xi_j(t)|^2 } \right )^{\frac {n-2}2}.

Here

\xi_j(t) \to q_j

and

0<\mu_j(t) \to 0

, as

t \to \infty

. We find that

\mu_j(t) \sim t^{-\frac 1{n-4}}

as

t\to +\infty

.
Serologic Evidence of Zoonotic Alphaviruses in Humans from an Indigenous Community in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Pérez Jocelyn G. , Carrera Jean-Paul , Serrano Emmanuel , Pittí Yaneth , Maguiña Jorge L. , Mentaberre Gregorio , Lescano Andrés G. , Valderrama Anayansi , Mayor Pedro
Published: October 2019

Alphaviruses (Togaviridae, Alphavirus) are arthropod-borne single-stranded RNA pathogens that cause febrile and neurologic disease in much of Latin America. However, many features of Alphavirus epidemiology remain unknown. In 2011, we undertook a cross-sectional study in Nueva Esperanza, an indigenous community in the Peruvian Amazon. Here, we present the first serologic evidence of Mayaro (MAYV), Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex alphavirus, Una (UNAV), and Madariaga (MADV) viruses reported in humans (24%, 16%, 13%, and 1.5%, respectively) from an Amazonian indigenous community in Peru. Hunting activity and cohabiting with hunters were the main risk factors for Mayaro seroconversion, but only hunting was associated with UNAV seropositivity. Our results suggest that alphavirus infection in this region is common, but we highlight the high UNAV seroprevalence found and corroborate the low MADV prevalence reported in this region. Furthermore, MAYV-neutralizing antibodies were also detected in stored samples from wild animals (18%) hunted by Nueva Esperanza inhabitants and another mestizo community located close to Iquitos. Further serological surveys of VEE complex alphaviruses, UNAV, and MADV in wild animals and assessing the ability of the MAYV seropositive species to transmit the virus will be relevant.
Overnight measurements of the sky brightness as a method for assessing the cloudiness
Authors: Ściężor Tomasz
Published: October 2019

Determining the state of cloudiness at night is always a problem, especially at low levels of light pollution. This paper presents an innovative method of assessing the cloudiness of the night sky solely on the basis of all-night measurements of the brightness of the sky using generally available SQM meters. Using the numerical method of calculating the discrete derivative of the overnight brightness of the night sky from time it is possible not only to distinguish a cloudless sky from a cloudy one, but even to distinguish the high level clouds from medium and low level ones. Full Text: PDF ReferencesKyba C.C.M., Ruhtz T., Fischer J., Hölker F., Cloud Coverage Acts as an Amplifier for Ecological Light Pollution in Urban Ecosystems, PLoS ONE, vol. 6, no. 3, 2011, e17307. CrossRef Ściężor T., The impact of clouds on the brightness of the night sky, to be published in Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 2020 CrossRef Ściężor T., Kubala M., Kaszowski W., Light Pollution of the Mountain Areas in Poland, Archives of Environmental Protection, Vol.38, No.4, 2012, pp. 59-69. CrossRef Crawford D.L., Photometry: terminology and units in the lighting and astronomical sciences, The Observatory, vol. 117, 1997, pp. 14-18. DirectLink Ściężor T., Kubala M., Particulate matter as an amplifier for astronomical light pollution, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 444, no. 3, 2014, pp. 2487-2493. CrossRef
Stratigraphical, sedimentological and palaeofloristic characterization of the Sorocayense Group (Triassic) in Barreal depocenter, San Juan Province, Argentina
Authors: Bodnar Josefina , Iglesias Ari , Colombi Carina , Drovandi Juan
Published: October 2019

The northern area of Cuyo Basin (west‐central Argentina) corresponds to the Rincón Blanco half-graben, whose filling is arranged into the Rincón Blanco and Sorocayense groups. In the present study, we propose a new stratigraphic scheme for the Sorocayense Group in the Barreal depocenter (San Juan Province), revise the palaeoenvironmental interpretations, and organize and analyse the plant assemblages of previous and new fossiliferous levels. We defined three tectosedimentary sequences. The basal sequence represents the initial graben filling with pyroclastic flows, alluvial fan, and ephemeral fluvial systems, and is arranged in a new unit, the Cerro Colorado del Cementerio Formation. The middle sequence, including Barreal and Cortaderita formations, is characterized by sediment gravity flow deposits and different fluvial systems, with development of floodplains with vertisols and calcisols, and temporal ponds/lakes. In turn, the Cortaderita Formation was divided into the following lithostratigraphic members: Don Raúl and La Emilia. The upper sequence, represented by Cepeda Formation, was deposited by distributary fluvial and ephemeral fluvial systems. Twelve fossiliferous strata (EF) were recognized, which were all identified in the middle sequence: EF1 to EF3 in the Barreal Formation, EF4 to EF8 in the Don Raúl Member, and EF9 to EF12 in the La Emilia Member, both of Cortaderita Formation. The taphocoenosis found in the Barreal and Cortaderita formations were dominated by corystosperms, with conifers, cycadales, and peltasperms as subordinate forms. The available evidence from the taphofloras, palaeosols and palaeonvironments indicate the development of seasonal subtropical climates, which vary from arid or semi-arid in the basal sequence, sub-humid to semi-arid in the middle sequence, and arid or semi-arid in the upper sequence. On the basis of the new information, geological correlation and age of the lithostratigraphic units were accurately re-evaluated. Based on the palaeofloristic content and the correlation with the Rincón Blanco Group, it is possible to infer that the basal sequence was accumulated during late Early Triassic-early Middle Triassic, the middle sequence during the Middle Triassic, while the upper sequence was deposited in the early Late Triassic.
Carboniferous deposits of northern Sierra de Tecka, central-western Patagonia, Argentina: paleontology, biostratigraphy and correlations
Authors: Taboada Arturo Cesar , Pagani María Alejandra , Pinilla María Karina , Tortello Franco , Taboada César Augusto
Published: October 2019

A narrow upper Paleozoic belt crops out in the northern tip of Sierra de Tecka through the Quebrada de Güera-Peña (Patagonia, Argentina). There, black shales of the Pampa de Tepuel Formation contain marine fossil invertebrates previously listed as belonging to the “Levipustula” fauna. Material recently recorded by the authors comprises, in order of abundance, gastropods [Glabrocingulum (Glabrocingulum) poperimense (Maxwell), G. (Stenozone) argentinum (Reed), G. (Stenozone) sp., Peruvispira teckaensis sp. nov., Ananias riccardii Pinilla], bivalves [Nuculopsis (Nuculopsis) patagoniensis González, Phestia tepuelensis González, Streblochondria sueroi González, Streblopteria sp.], conulariids [Paraconularia cf. ugartei Cúneo and Sabattini], brachiopods [Amosia sueroi Simanauskas, Languigneotus laevicaudatum (Amos), Beecheria patagonica Amos], trilobites [Australosutura argentinensis Hahn and Hahn], cephalopods [Pseudoorthoceratidae Flower and Caster, Sueroceras? sp., Mitorthoceras? sp.], and rugose corals [?Lophophyllidiidae Moore and Jeffords]. In addition, the present study includes the new key brachiopods Languigneotus dammanorum gen. et sp. nov. and Tuberculatella waterhousei sp. nov. from younger localities of the Tepuel-Genoa Basin. The Languigneotus laevicaudatum and Languigneotus-Verchojania subzones (late Pennsylvanian) are proposed herein to replace the former Tuberculatella Zone. In addition, previous stratigraphic relationships and correlations of the study section with the Arroyo Pescado (Estancia Ap Iwan) and Esquel areas are discussed. The general stratigraphic profile of a glacial-related section cropping out at Estancia Ap Iwan includes lower conglomeradic beds, which are reinterpreted as early Jurassic in age, and glacimarine levels that are partially equivalent to the Pampa de Tepuel Formation but older than those of Quebrada de Güera-Peña. A correlation of the Esquel Formation with the Arroyo Pescado Formation and other contemporaneous units on the paleopacific margin is assessed, implying that the Esquel Formation should be segregated from the Tepuel Group. The Esquel and Arroyo Pescado formations can be regarded as the basement of the glaciomarine column of the Tepuel-Genoa Basin.
The Middle Ordovician conodonts Eoplacognathus robustus Bergström and E. lindstroemi (Hamar): Taxonomy and apparatus reconstruction
Authors: Heredia Susana , Mestre Ana
Published: October 2019

The Middle-Upper Ordovician Ponón Trehué Formation cropping out in the San Rafael Block (Argentina) provided a large collection of conodonts which have been published years ago. The species Eoplacognathus robustus and Eoplacognathus lindstroemi recovered from these strata have been revised and restudied. In this contribution we describe M and S elements that were assigned previously to Baltoniodus prevariabilis and Baltoniodus variabilis as belonging to the E. robustus and E. lindstroemi apparatuses. The morphological characters of the P, S and M elements as part of these late Eoplacognathus apparatus were analyzed and support the proposal of a new reconstruction of it. We have compared this apparatus with the Baltoniodus apparatus and suggest the inclusion of the Eoplacognathus genus into the Balognathidae family. The new architecture of the Eoplacognathus apparatus is comparable to the genus Lenodus. This analysis improves the knowledge about this index conodont group allowing a new insight on the evolution, phylogeny and paleobiology of this linage.
Medical record keeping during a mass casualty incident: Development of a disaster medical record
Authors: Koning, MD Salomon Willem , Haverkort, MD, PhD Mark J. J. , Leenen, MD, PhD, FACS Luke P. H.
Published: October 2019

Objective: Improve documentation during a mass casualty incident (MCI).Design: This is a retrospective chart review.Setting: This chart review was done in the Major Incident Hospital (MIH). The MIH is a highly prepared back-up hospital in the center of the Netherland that can be deployed in case of a major incident.Patients, participants: Until recently, the MIH used an extensive paper medical record: the hospital in special circumstances medical record (HSCMR). A concise primary survey form was developed and attached to the HSCMR, forming the pilot disaster medical record (pDMR). In this retrospective chart review, primary survey data documented in the HSCMR (during a MCI) were compared to the pDMR (during a drill exercise). Three triage categories were used: T1, immediate; T2, urgent; and T3, delayed.Main outcome: The MIH hypothesized that a dedicated, concise, and practical primary survey form could improve quantitative patient documentation during an MCI. Significant differences were tested with the chi square and Fisher exact test (p < 0.05).Results: The pDMR was used significantly more often 61 percent vs 89 percent (p = 0.001), especially in T1 and T2 patients. Quantitative documentation in the pDMR improved significantly on airway, breathing, breathing frequency, saturation, circulation, heart rate, blood pressure, Glasgow Coma Score, exposure, and medication given but not in cervical spine and temperature. Conclusion: Significantly more primary survey forms were used and more data were documented using the pDMR, especially in the most critical patients. An MCI medical record should be simple and concise and should not deviate from daily routine.
Calcification and latitudinal distribution of extant coccolithophores across the Drake Passage during late austral summer 2016
Authors: Saavedra-Pellitero Mariem , Baumann Karl-Heinz , Fuertes Miguel Ángel , Schulz Hartmut , Marcon Yann , Vollmar Nele Manon , Flores José-Abel , Lamy Frank
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Coccolithophores are globally distributed microscopic marine algae that
exert a major influence on the global carbon cycle through calcification and
primary productivity. There is recent interest in coccolithophore polar
communities; however field observations regarding their biogeographic
distribution are scarce for the Southern Ocean (SO). This study documents the
latitudinal, as well as in depth, variability in the coccolithophore
assemblage composition and the coccolith mass variation in the ecologically
dominant Emiliania huxleyi across the Drake Passage. Ninety-six water samples were taken
between 10 and 150 m water depth from 18 stations during POLARSTERN
Expedition PS97 (February–April 2016). A minimum of 200 coccospheres per
sample were identified in the scanning electron microscope, and coccolith mass
was estimated with light microscopy. We find that coccolithophore abundance,
diversity and maximum depth habitat decrease southwards, marking different
oceanographic fronts as ecological boundaries. We characterize three zones:
(1) the Chilean margin, where E. huxleyi type A (normal and overcalcified) and type R
are present; (2) the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), where E. huxleyi reaches maximum values
of 212.5×103 cells L−1 and types B/C, C and O are dominant; and (3) the Polar
Front Zone (PFZ), where E. huxleyi types B/C and C dominate. We link the decreasing
trend in E. huxleyi coccolith mass to the poleward latitudinal succession from the type A
to the type B group. Remarkably, we find that coccolith mass is strongly
anticorrelated to total alkalinity, total CO2, the bicarbonate ion and pH.
We speculate that low temperatures are a greater limiting factor than
carbonate chemistry in the Southern Ocean. However, further in situ
oceanographic data are needed to verify the proposed relationships. We
hypothesize that assemblage composition and calcification modes of E. huxleyi in the
Drake Passage will be strongly influenced by the ongoing climate change.
Greenhouse gas and energy fluxes in a boreal peatland forest after clear-cutting
Authors: Korkiakoski Mika , Tuovinen Juha-Pekka , Penttilä Timo , Sarkkola Sakari , Ojanen Paavo , Minkkinen Kari , Rainne Juuso , Laurila Tuomas , Lohila Annalea
Published: October 2019

Abstract. The most common forest management method in Fennoscandia is rotation
forestry, including clear-cutting and forest regeneration. In clear-cutting,
stem wood is removed and the logging residues are either removed or left on
site. Clear-cutting changes the microclimate and vegetation structure at the
site, both of which affect the site's carbon balance. Peat soils with poor
aeration and high carbon densities are especially prone to such changes, and
significant changes in greenhouse gas exchange can be expected. We measured
carbon dioxide (CO2) and energy fluxes with the eddy covariance method
for 2 years (April 2016–March 2018) after clear-cutting a drained
peatland forest. We observed a significant rise (23 cm) in the water table
level and a large CO2 source (first year: 3086±148 g CO2 m−2 yr−1; second year: 2072±124 g CO2 m−2 yr−1). These large CO2 emissions resulted from the very low gross
primary production (GPP) following the removal of photosynthesizing trees
and the decline of ground vegetation, unable to compensate for the
decomposition of logging residues and peat. During the second summer
(June–August) after the clear-cutting, GPP had already increased by 96 %
and total ecosystem respiration decreased by 14 % from the previous
summer. The mean daytime ratio of sensible to latent heat flux decreased
after harvesting from 2.6 in May 2016 to 1.0 in August 2016, and in 2017 it
varied mostly within 0.6–1.0. In April–September, the mean daytime
sensible heat flux was 33 % lower and latent heat flux 40 % higher in
2017, probably due to the recovery of ground vegetation that increased
evapotranspiration and albedo of the site. In addition to CO2 and
energy fluxes, we measured methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O)
fluxes with manual chambers. After the clear-cutting, the site turned from a
small CH4 sink into a small source and from N2O neutral to a
significant N2O source. Compared to the large CO2 emissions, the
100-year global warming potential (GWP100) of the CH4 emissions was
negligible. Also, the GWP100 due to increased N2O emissions was
less than 10 % of that of the CO2 emission change.
Reimagining information literacy instruction in an evidence-based practice nursing course for undergraduate students
Authors: McGowan Bethany Sheriese
Published: October 2019

This case report describes the redesign process for an undergraduate evidence-based practice (EBP) nursing course in which the librarian serves as both co-instructor and co-instructional designer. As part of the undergraduate outcomes-based core curriculum, this required course teaches the principles of the research process; teaches students to identify the strengths and limitations of research articles in relation to EBP; and builds student confidence in their abilities to execute information literacy, data management, and scholarly communication competencies. The course redesign built on an existing student-centered course design, with the specific goal of transitioning the course from a senior-level course to a sophomore-level course, while achieving the same learning objectives. This goal was accomplished by integrating a combination of distributed practice and interleaved practice learning experiences into the course curriculum.
Shared first authorship
Authors: Lapidow Amy , Scudder Paige
Published: October 2019

In most scientific communities, the order of author names on a publication serves to assign credit and responsibility. Unless authors are presented in alphabetical order, it is assumed that the first author contributes the most and the last author is the driving force, both intellectually and financially, behind the research. Many, but not all, journals individually delineate what it means to be a contributing author and the nature of each author’s role. But what does this mean when a paper has co-first authors? How are academic librarians going to handle questions surrounding co-first authorship in an era in which author metrics are important for career advancement and tenure? In this commentary, the authors look at the growing trend of co-first authorship and what this means for database searchers.
Data-driven space planning: using Suma to collect data
Authors: Eldermire Erin R. B.
Published: October 2019

Library users frequently make individual requests to staff about how they would like us to improve the services and resources, but it can be difficult to prioritize such requests. To proactively understand how we can improve our library, library staff undertook a comprehensive assessment of spaces and resources using Suma.Virtual Projects are published on an annual basis in the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) following an annual call for virtual projects in MLAConnect and announcements to encourage submissions from all types of libraries. An advisory committee of recognized technology experts selects project entries based on their currency, innovation, and contribution to health sciences librarianship.
From enhanced collaborations to space advancements: technologies to bring libraries (and librarians) full circle and into the future
Authors: Anderson Patricia F. , Hurst Emily J.
Published: October 2019

Since the Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA) Virtual Projects section was first announced in 2012, the virtual projects featured in the JMLA have expanded or improved library spaces, services, collaborations, connections, and future directions. Virtual projects selected by the JMLA Virtual Projects Section Advisory Committee have been both practical and responsive to library and patron needs and illustrate ways that librarians are leading their communities and services in new directions. Virtual projects highlighted in this year’s section demonstrate innovative adaptations of technology into the modern medical library that strengthen collaborative commitments and clinical and research partnerships. They also illustrate how technologies support the idea of “library as place” by providing spaces for users to explore new technologies, as well as tools for space and service planning. This year’s virtual projects fully embrace changes in learning, research patterns, technologies, and the role of the health sciences librarian and the library.
Implementación del portafolio como herramienta didáctica en educación superior: revisión de literatura
Authors: Salazar Mercado Seir Antonio , Arévalo Duarte Mayra Alejandra
Published: October 2019

El presente estudio se desarrolla desde el enfoque de la investigación documental y expone una revisión bibliográfica centrada en el análisis del portafolio y su implementación como instrumento didáctico en el contexto de la educación superior. Metodológicamente, se desarrollaron tres fases en las cuales se identificaron las fuentes primarias y secundarias de información, se realizó el análisis de la información utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido y se establecieron los presupuestos teóricos que permitieron hacer interpretaciones y afirmaciones categóricas según los objetivos determinados. Finalmente, la investigación concluye que la revisión de la literatura muestra un amplio apoyo en la aplicación del portafolio desde una perspectiva práctica para llevar un control y autonomía de apropiación del proceso de enseñanza, aprendizaje y evaluación del desempeño estudiantil.
Understanding the trainers´ view of the effectiveness of continuing professional training: the case of public servants training
Authors: Granado Cristina
Published: October 2019

There is empirical evidence that the research findings on training effectiveness are hardly applied in organizations; one possible reason is that these findings do not reach trainers in a way that could help them make decisions about the design and implementation of training programs. This gap could be explained by the fact that most of those studies have primary been focused on the trainees´ perception of what factors affect the outcomes of training, while the trainers´ perspective on it has barely been studied. The goal of this study was to explore the trainers´ view on the efficacy of training, in terms of transfer outcomes; for this purpose, 300 trainers participating in the implementation of the training schemes addressed to Public Administration employees in Andalusia (Spain) were surveyed. The results showed that the trainers´ perception of training effectiveness was influenced by the characteristics of the current culture of continuing professional training in this organizational sector: an individualistic and centralized conception of training and the absence of the sense of responsibility for training outcomes. Furthermore, five conceptions of effective training were detected: one focused on ensuring that the design of the training event satisfies the trainees, other based on the use of workplace as a learning space, the third concept is concerned about accountability for training results, a fourth focused on addressing the organizational demands and the last reflecting an ecological conception of training effectiveness. It is concluded that research on training effectiveness should be more aligned with the trainers´ concerns if research findings are to be used by practitioners and, thus, they can help transform the culture and practices of employees training.
The Longue Durée: Village Life through the Ages
Authors: McMahon Gregory , Şerifoğlu Tevfik Emre , Steadman Sharon R.
Published: October 2019

The three preceding articles in this issue traced village life at Çadır Höyük from the fourth millennium BCE to its probable final abandonment in the thirteenth or possibly the fourteenth century CE. The authors attempted to identify the trials and tribulations, triumphs and tragedies endured by hundreds of generations of Çadır residents over five millennia of occupation. In this article we both broaden and narrow the discussion. We take a broad approach to changes in village life across Turkey and more specifically in our home province and village of Peyniryemez. However, rather than describing those changes over the course of hundreds or thousands of years, as was the case in the previous three articles, we focus primarily on the last one hundred years, since the birth of the Republic.
Análise de seções transversais de concreto armado e protendido sujeitas a flexão oblíqua composta em estados-limites último e de serviço por integração analítica
Authors: Silva Leonardo Martins e , Carvalho Roberto Chust
Published: October 2019

A flexão oblíqua composta é definida pela ocorrência simultânea de força axial e momento fletor oblíquo. Para tal situação, as verificações de estado-limite último e de serviço possuem certa complexidade. O presente trabalho apresenta um método de cálculo dos esforços solicitantes da flexão oblíqua composta de uma seção transversal de formato poligonal em concreto armado ou protendido partindo de deformações impostas. Para isso, calcula-se a integral analítica da relação tensão-deformação para cada solicitação, partindo da relação entre as diversas variáveis que definem a forma e a relação constitutiva. Obtém-se uma equação para cálculo de cada solicitação interna, que são aplicadas para construção do diagrama de momentos resistentes para dada força axial, construção da relação momento-curvatura e verificações de serviço. Estas aplicações constam em forma de fluxograma e compilados num programa gratuito e aberto chamado OblqCalco, que é disponibilizado. Expõe-se exemplos destas situações obtendo resultados concordantes e exposto graficamente.
Mídia e história na Teoria Alemã das Mídias
Authors: Telles Marcio
Published: October 2019

O artigo investiga como as palavras mídia e história são empregadas dentro dos textos teóricos da Teoria Alemã das Mídias. Afirma-se que problemas, soluções, metodologias e pressupostos teóricos encontrados dispersos em vários autores identificados com a TAM não são fortuitos, mas expressões produtivas do agenciamento constituído ao redor dessas palavras, que funcionariam como atratores teóricos dentro de uma rede discursiva. Estuda-se como mídia é usada (mas não conceituada), em Kittler, e em como “pós-história”, constituída na negação de história, substancia a Arqueologia das Mídias.
Verification of spectral reduction factors for seismic assessment of bridges
Authors: Casarotti C. , Monteiro R. , Pinho R.
Published: October 2019

Within a nonlinear static analysis procedure perspective for the assessment of structures, one of the key issues is the employment of a demand spectrum that takes also into account, through an adequate reduction of its spectral ordinates, the hysteretic energy dissipation capacity of the structure being assessed. There are certainly a relatively large number of past parametric studies dedicated to the validation of different approaches to translate such structural energy dissipation capacity into spectral reduction factors, however such studies have focused mainly, if not exclusively, on single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems. It seems, therefore, that verification on full structural systems, such as complete bridges, is conspicuously needed in order to verify the adequacy of using existing SDOF-derived relationships in the assessment of multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems. In this work, eleven different spectral reduction proposals, involving diverse combinations of previously proposed equivalent damping and spectral reduction equations, are evaluated, for various intensity levels, using a preliminarily validated nonlinear static procedure. A wide set of bridges, covering regular and irregular configurations as well as distinct support conditions, is used. The accuracy of the results is checked by direct comparison with Time-History Analyses performed with ten real ground motion records. Overall conclusions are then presented with the purpose of providing practitioners and researchers with indications on the most adequate spectral reduction schemes to be employed in nonlinear static analysis of bridges.
Médicos pelo Brasil e as políticas de saúde para a Estratégia Saúde da Família de 1994 a 2019: caminhos e descaminhos da Atenção Primária no Brasil
Authors: Anderson Maria Inez Padula
Published: October 2019

No dia 1 de agosto de 2019, o presidente Bolsonaro e seu Ministro da Saúde lançam o Programa Médicos pelo Brasil como aquele que, segundo os mesmos, substituirá o Programa Mais Médicos. O propósito deste artigo é contribuir para uma análise desta mais recente proposta de política de saúde no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde no contexto do Mais Médicos e das demais políticas de desenvolvimento e qualificação da ESF no país no período de 1994 a 2019.
Justice in the Social Distribution of Health
Authors: Kniess Johannes ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: October 2019

How should we think, from the point of view of distributive justice, about inequalities in health and longevity? Norman Daniels’s influential account derives a social duty to reduce health inequalities from Rawls’s principle of fair equality of opportunity. This paper criticises Daniels’s approach and offers an alternative. To the extent that the basic structure of society shapes people’s opportunities to be healthy, we ought to think of ‘the social bases of health’ directly as a Rawlsian primary social good. The paper attempts to clarify the correct principle for its distribution, and its relationship to other goods that give rise to considerations of justice.
Mediating processes in the relations of parental monitoring and school climate with cyberbullying: The role of moral disengagement
Authors: Bartolo Maria Giuseppina , Palermiti Anna Lisa , Servidio Rocco , Musso Pasquale , Costabile Angela
Published: October 2019

In recent years, studies have extensively explored both personal and environmental predictors of cyberbullying. Among these predictors, parental monitoring and school climate were often expected to be associated with cyberbullying behaviors. However, little is known about the mediating mechanisms through which these relations may develop. The present study aimed to expand the current research by testing a theoretical model including the mediating role of moral disengagement in the relations between parental monitoring (including less collaborative vs. more collaborative strategies), school climate, and cyberbullying behaviors. Five hundred and seventy-one Italian adolescents (54.5% male) aged 14 to 20 years were recruited from high schools. Measures included demographics and parental monitoring, school climate, moral disengagement and cyberbullying scales. To test the hypothesized model, we estimated full and partial mediation models by structural equation modeling. Results showed negative indirect links of parental monitoring (but only the more collaborative strategies) and school climate with cyberbullying via moral disengagement. Less collaborative strategies of parental monitoring were neither directly nor indirectly related to cyberbullying. The findings revealed moral disengagement as an important process in explaining how ecological factors, such as parenting behaviors and school environments, are associate with cyberbullying. Limitations, strengths, and implications for practice are presented.
Political solidarity: A theory and a measure
Authors: Neufeld Katelin Helene Siemens , Starzyk Katherine Beata , Gaucher Danielle
Published: October 2019

Political solidarity is often key to addressing societal injustice. Yet social and political psychology are without a common definition or comprehensive measure of this construct, complicating advancements in this burgeoning field. To address these gaps, we advance a novel understanding and measure of this construct. We conceptualized political solidarity as a construct consisting of three factors—allyship with a minority outgroup, a connection to their cause, and a commitment to working with them to achieve social change—that can emerge within and across social groups. Five studies empirically supported our conceptualization and measure; all participants were Canadian university students. In Study 1, 1,594 participants completed the initial 30-item pool. A series of exploratory factor analyses, along with indices of factor retention, supported the three-factor model. We retained three items per factor to create the 9-item Political Solidarity Measure (PSM). This three-factor model adequately fit Study 2 data (N = 275). In Study 3 (N = 268), we found evidence of the PSM’s convergent and discriminant validity. Studies 3 and 4 assessed the PSM’s retest stability in the medium-term (three to six months; Study 3) and short-term (a three-week period; Study 4; N = 126). Finally, we demonstrate the PSM’s predictive validity in Study 5 (N = 221). Controlling for modern racism, political orientation, and gender, PSM scores predicted collective action intentions and behavior benefitting the outgroup: Participants who reported higher political solidarity donated more to the outgroup’s cause and were more likely to agree to create a message of support.
Artista.Professora.Pesquisadora em continuum
Authors:   PUC/SP, Frange Lucimar Bello Pereira
Published: October 2019

Ser e Estar mergulhada em estados de criação tem sido há anos, uma escolha fundante. Invento ao mesmo tempo palavras, imagens e proposições artísticas. Nesse artigo recorto parte dessa produção e faço elos entre o Poema IX do livro de poemas Caracol é uma casa que se anda e Ações Performáticas – A Casa Vestida. O tema central, em ambos, é a CASA em sentido bastante ampliado. Dialogo com escritores, filósofos, artistas e arte educadores. Neles ancoro minhas inquietações e os modos de ativar miúdos do mundo para que virem formas potentes de arte em vidas acesas.
Perguntas, anotações [sob exercícios de escrita e escuta]
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Stolf Maria Raquel da Silva
Published: October 2019

O presente texto foi escrito sob o efeito de propostas de exercícios de escrita e escuta, e a partir da reverberação de apontamentos e reflexões ocorridas durante e após a oficina Laboratório Imersivo - Projeto TUBO DE ENSAIO, por mim conduzida em parceria com Andrea Bardawil, no SESC-Cacupé, em Florianópolis, em 2015. A oficina integrou as atividades do Projeto TUBO DE ENSAIO - Composição [Interseções + Intervenções], coordenado por Sandra Meyer, Jussara Xavier e Vera Torres. Deste modo, este texto desdobra reflexões de um texto homônimo, publicado no livro Tubo de ensaio: composição [Interseções + Intervenções] (2016), investigando algumas de suas perguntas e indicando outras reverberações de experiências, as quais atravessam meus processos enquanto artista, professora e pesquisadora. As anotações propõem diálogos com George Brecht, Yoko Ono, John Cage, Jorge Larrosa, Thierry Davila, Maurice Blanchot, David Le Breton, entre outros autores.
R/E/P: Rimador-educador-pesquisador
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Gomes André Marques
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho é um convite ao leitor para pensarmos juntos o movimento cultural hip-hop como forma de arte contemporânea e ferramenta de ensino e transformação social e os processos criativos do rap e os conceitos que envolvem suas construções, junto do seu possível deslocamento para campo da educação. É neste contexto que se apresenta o conceito que envolve o ato de Rimar-Educar-Pesquisar, articulando o rimador – aquele que cria música, realiza improvisos, versos e poemas, transmite a mensagem e também a recebe – o educador – aquele que ensina e aprende de forma conjunta, utiliza a pedagogia científica e empírica – e o pesquisador – aquele que utiliza-se de sua experiência, vai a campo, busca dar profundidade ao seu conhecimento, investiga, vasculha e coleta dados, através de leituras, entrevistas, e outras técnicas para buscar aquilo que precisa. Neste sentido se articula, através do hífen o Rimador-Educador-Pesquisador.
Psichologized Language in Education. Desnaturalizing a Regime of Truth.
Authors: Jiménez-Delgado María
Published: October 2019

Reseña del libro
Endless forms of sexual selection
Authors: Lindsay Willow R , Andersson Staffan , Bererhi Badreddine , Höglund Jacob , Johnsen Arild , Kvarnemo Charlotta , Leder Erica H , Lifjeld Jan T , Ninnes Calum E , Olsson Mats , Parker Geoff A , Pizzari Tommaso , Qvarnström Anna , Safran Rebecca J , Svensson Ola , Edwards Scott
Published: October 2019

In recent years, the field of sexual selection has exploded, with advances in theoretical and empirical research complementing each other in exciting ways. This perspective piece is the product of a “stock-taking” workshop on sexual selection and conflict. Our aim is to identify and deliberate on outstanding questions and to stimulate discussion rather than provide a comprehensive overview of the entire field. These questions are organized into four thematic sections we deem essential to the field. First we focus on the evolution of mate choice and mating systems. Variation in mate quality can generate both competition and choice in the opposite sex, with implications for the evolution of mating systems. Limitations on mate choice may dictate the importance of direct vs. indirect benefits in mating decisions and consequently, mating systems, especially with regard to polyandry. Second, we focus on how sender and receiver mechanisms shape signal design. Mediation of honest signal content likely depends on integration of temporally variable social and physiological costs that are challenging to measure. We view the neuroethology of sensory and cognitive receiver biases as the main key to signal form and the ‘aesthetic sense’ proposed by Darwin. Since a receiver bias is sufficient to both initiate and drive ornament or armament exaggeration, without a genetically correlated or even coevolving receiver, this may be the appropriate ‘null model’ of sexual selection. Thirdly, we focus on the genetic architecture of sexually selected traits. Despite advances in modern molecular techniques, the number and identity of genes underlying performance, display and secondary sexual traits remains largely unknown. In-depth investigations into the genetic basis of sexual dimorphism in the context of long-term field studies will reveal constraints and trajectories of sexually selected trait evolution. Finally, we focus on sexual selection and conflict as drivers of speciation. Population divergence and speciation are often influenced by an interplay between sexual and natural selection. The extent to which sexual selection promotes or counteracts population divergence may vary depending on the genetic architecture of traits as well as the covariance between mating competition and local adaptation. Additionally, post-copulatory processes, such as selection against heterospecific sperm, may influence the importance of sexual selection in speciation. We propose that efforts to resolve these four themes can catalyze conceptual progress in the field of sexual selection, and we offer potential avenues of research to advance this progress.