bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Facial Anthropometry: A Reliable Tool for Stature Estimation in Haryanvi Population
Authors: Monika Rathee  , Jaswinder Kaur  , Suresh Kanta Rathee
Published: September 2021

Background: Facial anthropometry is a part of cephalometry that involves the measurements of face. Itis very helpful in reconstructive surgery, forensic medicine, orthodontics and to find ethnic differencesby defining various shapes of face. Facial features of every individual are different even in siblings.These features vary according to gender, racial and biological group, ecological and geographical region.Anthropometry can also be used for estimation of stature, where it cannot be measured directly such asspinal or lower limb deformity or any other neuromuscular disorder.So, the present study attempted to findthat is the facial parameters are reliable in estimation of stature in Haryanvi jaat population and also aimsformulate regression equation for estimation of stature in the same.Methods: A sample of total 300 adult Haryanvi jaatsof age group 20 to 60 years was taken for the presentstudy. Out of them 150 were females and 150 weremales. Anthropometric measurements of face and staturewere taken on each subject.Conclusion: All the studied facial parameters showed positive significant correlation with stature (p<0.01)both in males and females So, it can be concluded that facial anthropometry is a reliable tool for statureestimation in Haryanvi population.
Unanticipated Ligature Strangulation: A Case Report
Authors: Mukul Sharma  , Kimi Soumya Padhi  , Manas Ranjan Sahu  , Utkal Keshari Suna  , Govinda Balmuchu
Published: September 2021

Strangulation is a form of mechanical asphyxia by compression of the neck with an outside force either bya ligature or hands, in which a constricting force other than the weight of the body is directly applied.Suchdeaths are generally considered homicidal. Here we present a case of 60year old female, who got trapped inthe rice huller machine with the saree she was wearing and accidentally got strangled.
Relation between Level of Some Immunological Markers and Liver Functions with Respiratory Bacterial Infection in Sheep
Authors: Mustafa Ghazi Saeed  , Bashar SadeqNoomi  , Entedhar Rifaat Sarhat
Published: September 2021

Sheep pneumonia remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of the studyreport to determine Interleukine-6,IL-10,and liver function test , and kidney function test of sheep sufferingfrom respiratory disease. Blood samples were collected from the diseased and healthy sheep during fieldstudy, for biochemical analysis. The results of 50 diseased animals were compared with results of 50 healthyanimals.Data of selected biochemical parameters implicated a significant increase in Interleukin-6, alanineaminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and Gamma glutamyltransferase in the diseased groupcompared to the healthy sheep’s. On the other hand, a significant decrease was seen in the levels of IL-10, lactate dehydrogenase and total protein in the diseased group compared to the control. The results ofthis study could conclude that respiratory infections in sheep were associated with significant biochemicaland immunological alterations which upon understanding can provide us with rapid diagnostic tools forpneumonia process in sheep and thus lead to better management and proper treatment.Future research iswarranted to determine the response of individual animals to this disease and to describe the metabolicchanges which occur during the course of respiratory diseases.
A Protocol of Low Dose Chest CT to Verify Suspected COVID -19 infection
Authors: Muthana Hussien Mohan  , Mahmood Radhi Jobayr  , Salam Mohmad Joori
Published: September 2021

Chest CT scanning is significant in verifying COVID-19 infection in patients with clinical symptoms,although CT scanning uses ionizing radiation. So we aim to investigate the demonstration of relevance andaccuracy of chest tomography using a low-dose protocol compared to the standard auto-modulation protocolof 50 – 210 mAs. Moreover, to assess whether any distinguishing signs in patients might help determinethe severity of the respiratory infection from COVID-19. A standard auto-modulation protocol of 50 – 210mAs was performed for all patients (120 patients), Rotation time 0.5 second. Of the 120 patients whoseCT scan showed signs of COVID-19 infection, 47 patients aged over 50 years were selected. Low doseCT scanning (30 mAs) was performed on these patients immediately. Of the 120 patients over the age of50 with COVID-19 according to a PCR underwent a CT chest, only 47 showed signs of COVID-19.Whencompared to standard-dose, low-dose demonstrated excellent sensitivity in detecting typical findings ofCOVID-19 (coefficient of significance (C.S) = 0.98–0.99, P-values < 0.05 one reader and P-values < 0.01two readers). The mean effective dose values were 6.32±2.82 and 1.45±0.29mSvin the stander and lowdose,respectively.A low dose protocol can be used with high reliability and accuracy to reduce the ionizingradiation risks in the state of reproducible assessment. On the other hand, we emphasize there are indicatorswith high reliability of a relationship between infection with COVID-19 and its severity and the work nature,environment, age, body mass index (BMI) and Patient Health Status.
Enhancement of Coping Patterns among Parents of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Nabila Atallah Attia Moawad  , Ghada Mohamed Mourad  , Fatma Ata
Published: September 2021

Background: Families of children with ADHD encounter greater difficulties such as family conflict,negative parent- child relationship, higher rates of parent stress and ineffective coping. The aimof study:was to enhancement of coping patterns among parents of children with ADHD. Study design: a quasiexperimentaldesign was utilized to conduct this study. Setting: This study was conducted at PediatricOut-Patient Clinic atEl-Abbassia hospital for psychiatric and mental health.Method: convenient sample of50 parents were chosen for conducting this study. Data collection tools:(1) Socio demographic and clinicalcharacteristics data for children and their parents.(2)Parental stress scale. (3)Ways of coping Questionnaire.Results: the present study revealed that there were highly statistically significant differences between preandpost- program of parental stress regarding level of stress, there were highly statistically significantimprovement between post-program compared to pre –program regarding coping patterns of the parentshave children with ADHD. Conclusion: parents of children with ADHD had high level of stress, whichdecreased after implementation of the educational program with a highly statistical significant difference.Inaddition to the current study revealed that after the intervention there were improvements in coping patternsof parents. Recommendations: Continuous education programs and counseling are important to improveparents’ adjustment toward care of their ADHD children.
Dental Health Care for Older Persons with Diabetes by Caregivers in Ubon Ratchathani
Authors: Namphet Tungyingyong  , Ruengsin Thuennadee  , Niruwan Turnbul
Published: September 2021

Background: Ubon Ratchathani province has seen the phenomenon of the population aging since 2010and the number of the elderly continues rise each year. According to the assessment of oral health, mostof the elderly suffer from Gingivitis and Periodontitis, and have lost their teeth as a result of tooth decayand periodontal diseases. Methods: This study design was a research and development study aimed toexplore the process of dental health caregiving for older persons with diabetes by caregivers in UbonRatchathani province. Proportional to the estimation of the population, the sample size was 403 elderlypatients for contextual study from June 2016 to July 2018. Data was collected using questionnaires witha reliability of 0.8, and analysis was conducted using statistical tools, number, percent, mean, standarddeviation, independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. Results: The finding demonstrated that theparticipants, similarly, needed care from caregivers, the role of caregivers, health promotion and prevention,while treatment was less of a need. Comparisons of evaluation results from both groups considered impactson their oral health, on the Daily Performance of their Lives, as well as their Knowledge of and Attitudetowards oral care, demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p-value = <0.001). Elderly patientswithout caregivers suffered largely from loose teeth, showing little knowledge and misunderstanding oftooth brushing techniques, believing that the harder they brush the better it is for their dental health. As forbehavior, both groups showed no statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.09) and were rated to be atthe same medium level. Conclusion: The finding can be applied for consistency of information from currentsuch as the service was easy to access, the development of the potential and skills of the elderly patients withdiabetes and their involved, as well as follow-up for strength and teamwork.
The Effect of Capitation Value of Healthcare and Social Security Agency on Service Quality at Primary Clinics
Authors: Neny Nurlaily  , Titik Ernawati  , FaraValeyria Irma Zain  , Chomariyah
Published: September 2021

Indonesia started to apply the National Health Insurance System on January 1, 2014, and the legal entityformed to administer this program is the Healthcare and Social Security Agency. Funding for the Healthcareand Social Security Agency at primary clinic uses the capitation system where the funds are mostly used forservices and operations. The use of capitation funds at the primary clinic is fully managed by itself based onthe agreement. This actually creates the potential for fraud because of the lack of regulations on using thecapitation funds. Fraud at the primary clinic does not really appear on the surface like a fraud in hospitals. Itcan be in the form of insufficient resources, facilities and service discrimination. Many studies have showna link between capitation funds and health services. A primary clinic needs to have an audit team to evaluatewhether the use of capitation funds is following the expected targets and needs.
Effect of Thunbergia Laurifolia Lindl. on Oxidative Stress and Blood Cholinesterase in farm Workers Exposed to Pesticides in the Mae Chai District of Phayao Province
Authors: Orapin Insuan  , Padchanee Sangthong  , Pennipat Nabheerong  , Surachat Buddhisa  , Peerawan Kengsangunsit  , Suntorn Prompao  , Benchaluk Thongchuai
Published: September 2021

Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. or Rang Chuet is a plant traditionally used in Thailand for the treatment oftoxicity and as an antidote for many poisons. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Rang Chuetcapsules on blood chemistry in 39 agricultural workers (21 males, 18 females) during an intensive 8-weekspraying program. The following tests were performed: serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and serummalondialdehyde (MDA) levels before and after Rang Chuet capsule supplementation. The results indicatethat serum BChE levels were unchanged in male and female workers. However, the levels of serum MDAin male and female workers decreased significantly at p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively. In this study, thephylogenetic relationships within the large tropical and subtropical family Thunbergia were studied usinggenomic DNA from the fresh leaves of sampled plants. The results showed 99% homology with Thunbergiacoccinea. This study indicates that Rang Chuet presents antioxidant activity and could be promoted as ahealth supplement.
Awareness and Attitude of Forensic Odontology among Undergraduate Dental Students in Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Afghanistan
Authors: Palwasha Seraj  , Mohammad Hassan Hamrah  , Farhat Homayoun  , Ali Maisam  , ElahaSomaya Ghafary  , Sepideh Hosseini  , Maryam Khosrozadeh
Published: September 2021

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of forensicodontology among undergraduate dental students at Kabul university of medical science, Kabul,Afghanistanafter adding this subject in their curriculumMaterial and Methods: This cross-sectional study is conducted among 150 undergraduate dental studentsof Kabul University of medical sciences aged 18 and 23 years during the period from December 2020to February 2021.A questionnaire of Abdul et al. (2019) study was used; the questionnaire consisted of19 questions that assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of the participants. The questionnaire isdivided into three parts: knowledge, attitude and practice. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-24software, chi-square test.Results: Ninety percent of the participants were aware of the branch of science called forensic dentistry.All the included participants welcomed the idea of adding a module on forensic odontology to the currentundergraduate curriculum. Almost 88.7% of the participants were aware that dental record help foridentification of deceased person’s age however, The most of undergraduate dental students (90.7%), claimthat they have lack of the knowledge related forensic odontology. Most of participants were willing tomaintain dental record in their future clinics.Conclusion: Our study showed that the knowledge, attitude, and practice in undergraduate dental studentsare better since it’s added into curriculum of Kabul University of medical science. However,there are noworkshops, seminars, and continuing dental education programs for dental students.There is a need forfurther exposure and formal training to bring awareness among all health-care providers.
Psychoeducation on Adherence to Treatment of Schizophrenia Patient During Covid-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Patria Yudha Putra  , Izzatul Fithriyah
Published: September 2021

Background: The outbreak of Covid-19 is really disrupting people’s thought and their ability to face theproblem clearly and their mental health could be disturbed.They will go under their circumstance of fear,start to panic, and leads to poor decision making. This fear and anxiety could affect and lead to any negativebehavioural changes of patients to the belief of being infected by avoiding going to the hospital as a sourceof contagion place.Methods: Case study from an inward patient, adult woman that suffered fromschizophrenia for more than10 years and got injection of antipsychotic routinely once a month. During the early time of Covid-19pandemic, the patient and her family are afraid of coming to the hospital to get her injection. After one monthof not getting the injection, she started to relapse again and hospitalized for 10 days.Results: The difficulty faced in handling this case is to provide an understanding of the patient and familyabout adherence on her continuity treatment. Therefore, by giving a psychoeducation using a telemedicineis consideredto the most suitable way to handle this patientto gain more insight about her willingness backto get the monthly treatment during the pandemic situation.
Key Success Factors and Motivation Affecting the Care of Patients with Tuberculosis of Health Personnel in Primary Care Units
Authors: Phatthraphon Chowong  , Prachak Bouphan  , Nakarin Prasit  , Surachai Phimha
Published: September 2021

This research is a cross-sectional descriptive aimed to study key success factors and motivation affectingthe care of patients with tuberculosis of health personnel in primary care units Nongbualamphu province,Thailand. The populations were 89 health personnel and 12 key informants. The content validity of thequestionnaire was evaluated by three experts with an IOC greater than 0.50 and Cronbach’s CorrelationCoefficient was 0.97 and In-Depth interview guidelines for the qualitative. Data was collected between 4thJanuary 2021 and 25th January 2021.The results of the study showed that five factors including; 1) motivation factor in responsibility 2)Hygiene Factor in policy and management 3) key success factor in the startup in areas that are ready andwilling to participation 4) Hygiene Factor in a relationship with supervisors, subordinates, co-workers and5) Hygiene Factor in salary and compensation affecting and could joint predict the care for tuberculosispatients in primary care at 75.0 percentage (R2 = 0.750, p-value <0.001). In conclusion, key success factorsand motivation affecting the care of patients with tuberculosis of health personnel in primary care units.Therefore, the health personnel should be developed in terms of work priorities, working process that ledto the intention to work, awareness of their roles and responsibilities Including promoting participation inpolicymaking on tuberculosis work.
A Prospective Study of Burn Deaths with Special Reference to Manner of Death and Duration of Survival
Authors: Priyamvada Kurveti Verma  , Rajendra Kumar Morya  , Dheeraj Singh Verma
Published: September 2021

Around 0.2 million people are admitted in hospital due to burns, of which about 5000 people die every year.4Extent of Total Body Surface Area involved is an important parameter, that affects the prognosis in case ofburn injury. The majority of fire related deaths are accidental, usually due to carelessness. Suicidal burns aremostly seen in domestic situations and in females. Homicidal burns are rare; mostly accomplished to takerevenge or to conceal crime. So, this study was carried out with the aim to estimate the total body surfacearea affected & duration of survival / hospital stay and to find out the manner of death in burn cases.It was found that 79.00% cases had burn injuries covering 60– 100% of the total body surface area (TBSA).Maximum percentage of burns was seen in females (30.00% cases) with TBSA of 80-90%. 95% cases werehospitalized with 75.00% having the hospitalization period of 1 – 10 days and maximum number of cases(33%) survived for a period of 3 to 5 days. In most of the cases (64.00%), the manner of death was accidentalfollowed by suicidal (34.00%), with only 2% cases of homicidal burns.
Correlation between Occupation, Stress Level and Breast Milk Production during Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: R.Khairiyatul Afiyah  , Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni  , Budi Prasetyo  , Muhammad Bagus Qomaruddin  , Imamatul Faizah  , RatnaYunita Sari  , Umdatus Soleha
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Burdensand types of occupation will cause psychological stress during Covid-19 pandemic,especially jobs in the medical field. The rapid transmission of the disease and the increasing number ofpeople infected by Covid-19 bring anxiety and worry and decrease the level of happiness that will obstructthe secretion of oxytocin hormone that brings problems to breast milk production and breastfeeding process.This study was aimed at analyzing the correlation between occupation, stress level and breast milk productionduring Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia.Method: This correlational study was conducted by using cross sectional design.Thetechniqueused to collectthe samples totaling 110 breastfeeding mothers was simple random sampling technique. The independentvariables were occupation and stress level, whereas the dependent variable was breast milk production. Thisstudy used Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire to measure the stress level and another questionnaireto measure the smoothness of breast milk production. Furthermore, data analysis was done by using Chisquarestatistic test with the significance level of p < 0.05.Result: The result of this study showed that of 110 respondents, most of them (67%) worked in the medicalfield; nearly all (70.9%) experienced severe stress; and nearly all (80%) had unsmooth production of breastmilk. Whilst, the result of Chi-square test showed that the value of p =0.000 showing that there was acorrelation between occupation, stress level and breast milk production during Covid-19 pandemic inIndonesia.Conclusion: Occupation, stress level and breast milk production are correlated during Covid-19 pandemicin Indonesia. Therefore, the medical workers, especially nurses are expected to play their active roles toeducate and teach the breastfeeding mothers how to manage stress correctly to maintain the production ofbreast milk in any conditions.
A 56 Year Old Man with Parkinson’s Disease and Depression: A Case Report on Treatment Management
Authors: Risza Subiantoro  , Agustina Konginan  , Erikavitri Yulianti
Published: September 2021

Background: Depression is the strongest predictor of quality of life for Parkinson’s disease (PD).Presentation of Case: A 56 years old man came with the main complaint of difficulty sleeping due tothinking about tremors in his left hand since 6 months. Complaints are accompanied by feelings of sadness,lack of enthusiasm, and decreased appetite accompanied by weight loss. The patient had been diagnosedwith PD 8 years previously and was on medication. One month before the visit, the patient underwent athalamotomy operation. After surgery, the patient received therapy in the form of a combination tabletof levodopa/carbidopa/entacapaone (100/25/200 mg) 4×1 tablet and 1×2 mg of ropirinole. On the BeckDepression Inventory (BDI) examination, a score of 23 was obtained and on the Montgomery AsbergDepression Rating Scale (MADRS) examination a score of 31 was obtained, both of which correspond tomajor depression. The patient was diagnosed with a major depressive episode without psychotic symptomsand was given escitalopram therapy 1×10 mg and lorazepam 1×2 mg. Patients also received biofeedbacktherapy with family psychoeducation and supportive psychotherapy. At the time of control, the patientadmitted to feeling calmer and able to sleep after receiving therapy. Conclusion: Escitalopram has goodefficacy for the management of depression in PD patients.
Emotional Intelligence Training Program and its Effect on Nursing Students Problem Solving Skills
Authors: Sabah Mohamed Ragab  , Mona Mostafa Shazly  , Hemat Abdel-Azeem Mostafa
Published: September 2021

Background: Emotional intelligence is comprised of individual, emotional, and social abilities. Itincludes the competency of an individual to manage their relationships with others, and regulate emotionsand efficiently solved their problem. Aim: this study aims to assess the effect of emotional intelligencetraining program on nursing students problem solving skills. Design: A pretest- posttest one group quasiexperimentalstudy design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at the Technical Nursing Instituteat El-Fayoum University. Subjects: included all the available nursing students at second year was 200nursing students. Tools of data collection: Data were collected by using two tools emotional intelligencequestionnaire and problem solving skills questionnaire. Results: 48.5% of the nursing students had highemotional intelligence before the intervention. This increased to 86.5% at the post intervention phase and theimprovement continued through the follow up phases reachingto89.5%. Half of nursing students in the studysample were high problem solving skills before the intervention. This rose to 87.5% at the post interventionphase and reached 90.5% at the follow-up phase. Conclusion: There were highly statistically significantcorrelations between emotional intelligence and problem solving skills. Recommendations: The TechnicalInstitute of Nursing should adopt the emotional intelligence, educational approach in all its different gradesand Enhance nursing problem solving skills through providing them with supportive and positive trainingenvironment.
Presentation and Sources of Pediatric Odontogenic Infection
Authors: Sahar Abdualkader Ismaeel  , Saif Saadedeen Abdulrazaq  , Reem Fadhil Abbas
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: The causes, clinical presentation and management of the odontogenicinfection in children during the mixed and premixed dentition period should be thoroughly studied as itdiffers from that of adults. The study aimed to identify the common sources and presentation of dentalinfection in those children.Methods: The selected cases were 122 (54 females and 68 males). All cases presented with odontogenicinfection, examined meticulously to diagnose the source of infection.Results: The mean age was 6.5 years old (The age range was 3-10 years). The most common source ofinfection in primary teeth was the second primary molars (38 cases; 31.1%). The most common source ofinfection in permanent teeth was the first permanent lower molars (30 cases; 24.6%). The most commonpresentation was vestibular swelling (56 cases; 45.9%).Conclusion: Dental care should be provided early especially to the permanent first molars in children toavoid losing them. Teamwork between the oral surgeon and the general pediatrician is necessary for bettermanagement.
Improvement of Self-Efficacy of Mothers Inpostpartum Period Through Home Visit by Health Workers in Aceh
Authors: Said Usman  , Dewi Marianthi  , Irwan Saputra  , T.M. Rafsanjani
Published: September 2021

World Health Organization recorded that about 44% of infant deaths in 2012 happened in the first 28 daysafter birth, and 78.5% of deaths happen in the first week after births. It was estimated that 80% of infantdeaths happen at home (with little or no contact with health workers). Good quality care service for infantsespecially newborns at home is a serious challenge, thus an effort that could be performed is to optimizethe role of health workers in the community by doing homevisit.The goal of this researchto identify theself-efficacy of postpartum mothers before home visit and after home visit, to compare the self-efficacy ofintervention group and control group on newborn care by means of health workers role during home visit.This research use quantitative research with quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design method.The sample of the research was health workers; each with responsibility of one fostered family of a motherin postpartum period. The research site for the intervention group was the working area of UleeKarengHealth Center, and for the control group was the working area of Baiturrahman Health Center. The result ofthe research revealed that there was a change in self-efficacy of postpartum mothers on newborn care afterthree home visits by the health workers. The difference of the average efficacy score was 12.5, with p valueof 0.0001. When the efficacy of postpartum mothers from the intervention group (who received homevisits) was compared to that of mothers from the control group, there was a significant difference found,with p value of 0.003. Home visit executed by the health workers can improve self-efficacy of thepostpartum mothers on newborn care. This can be seen from the difference between self-efficacy of thepostpartum mothers before and after home visit by the health workers.
In Vitro Antifungal Activity of of Pleurotuseryngii against Trichophytonrubrum
Authors: Salah M. Dawood  , Ahmed K. Abdulrazzaq  , Kareem T. Shnawa  , Mohammed J. Hanawi
Published: September 2021

Biological control represents an important approach for controlling many dermatophyte fungi.Pleurotuseryngiiisa promising and effective bioagent against many pathogenic fungi. In this paperPleurotuseryngiiwere screened for their efficacy against Trichophytonrubrum. The results had been revealedthat the fruiting bodies extract of the bioagentPleurotuseryngiiaffected the radial growth of the dermatophytefungus Trichophytonrubrum. The extract of test fungus at all test concentrations had inhibitory effect on theradial growth of Trichophytonrubrum. The results had been revealed also that ethanolic extract was moreeffective than the aqueous extract of Pleurotuseryngiibut lower than the affectivity of the antifungal drugclotrimazole.
Assessment of Knowledge and Awareness about Medico Legal Issues among Interns and Post GraduateStudents in Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Saptarishi Bose  , Naresh Jyothula  , U.Vinod Venkata Kumar Andey  , Ganapathi Swamy Chintada  , Paromita Roy
Published: September 2021

In recent times there has been increased number of complaints and lawsuits against doctors. Thereforehaving knowledge about Medico Legal issues is as important to the practice of medicine as clinical skills.The present study was conducted to evaluate Awareness and Knowledge about Medico Legal issues amongInterns and Post Graduate Students. Total 140 interns and 110 Post Graduate students participated in thestudy. Post graduate students had more knowledge about Medico Legal issues and consent than internsbut there was deficit of knowledge about Injury and Death certificates. About Consumers protection act(COPRA)there is little awarenessbut regarding Human organ transplantation Act (HOTA) and Hospitalindemnity Insurance awareness should be increased. Our study conveys that action should be taken to coverthe lack of awareness and knowledge for doctors as well as patientssafety.
The Unrevealed Truth about the Tongue in Forensic Identification
Authors: Savla S  , Gotmare S  , Pereira T  , Waghmare. M  , Shetty S  , Kamath P  , Shah T
Published: September 2021

Background: Forensic odontology, a branch of dentistry includes identification of individuals in variouscrime scenes, natural calamities, and mass disasters. The identification is possible because every individualbody is unique and so is our tongue due to its morphological variations. The primary objective of the studywas to assess the morphological features of the tongue and its use in sex determination.Methods: The study included a sample size of 100 individuals (50 males and 50 females) in the age rangeof 20-50 years old. Photographs were taken of front and side view of the tongue; visual inspection wasdone and lastly impressions of the tongue were made with help of alginate and then poured with the helpof dental stone. IBM SPSS statistics 20.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) was used for the analysesof the data. Microsoft word and Excel were used to generate graphs, tables etc. Females presented withtriangular shape, presence of shallow fissures more commonly and a sharp lingual apex of tongue. Malespresented with rectangular shape, presence of deep fissure/absence of fissures more commonly and septate/sharp lingual apex of the tongue.Conclusion: Tongue exhibits various unique characteristics and can be used in sex determination.
A Study to Evaluate Effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care on Physiological Parameters of Premature Babies in Vadodara City
Authors: Sejal Solanki  , Prachi Kachhiya  , Kamali Patel  , Vrunda Patel  , Trushali Baria  , Kinnari Jatva  , Sanjana Bhatia
Published: September 2021

According to WHO, mostly babies are die in their neonatal period. India, current infant mortality rate isabout 32 infants per 1000 live birth. A Quasi Experimental study was conducted toevaluate the effectivenessof Kangaroo Mother care on physiological parameters of premature neonate of experimental group andcontrol group in selected hospital in Vadodara city. Sample size for the present study was consist of 60babies. (30 experimental and 30 control group) The instrument used for data collection are Kangaroo MotherCare Assessment Flow Sheet (KMCAFS). The data analysis was done by using descriptive and inferentialstatistics. The result of the present study was that most of the premature babies after receiving KMC Care,there was a significant incensement in the weight. Here the paired t-test value of temperature and weightare(t<0.050)not significant and pulse and respiration are (t>0.05) significant. The study concluded that KMCis a simpleand acceptable method for the mother can be continued at home and there by improves the infantgrowth and reduce morbidity.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Nutritional Anemia among Adolescencents in Kasturba Vidya Mandir, Sevagram,Wardha
Authors: Sheetal Sakharkar  , Prinumol Punnoose  , Shakuntala Pande  , Priya Navarate
Published: September 2021

Introduction: -Growth of all living organism depends on nutrition .In human being growth period is said tobe from conception to adolescence and after that nutrition is required for maintenance of body. Lot of workhas been done regarding role of nutrition during pregnancy, infancy and childhood but hardly any attentionis paid to the group called adolescence i.e. period between childhood and adulthood. The most prevalentnutritional condition is anaemia worldwide. Prevalence in India of anemia among young girls were 56 % andthis amount to an average 64 million girls at any point in time.Aim: To determine the effectiveness of planned teaching on knowledge regarding prevention of nutritionalanemia among adolescence.Materials and Methods: A pre-experimental pre-test, post-test research design was used to conduct thisstudy. The setting was selected in the Kasturba Vidya Mandir Sewagram,Wardha (Maharashtra) after getting ethical permission. Purposive sampling was the sampling method used tocollect data from 9th standard students on the basis of structured knowledge questionnaire. After collectingpre-test data, planned teaching was given for intervention regarding prevention of nutritional anemia toadolescencents. Seven days were provided to the samples for utilizing planned teaching which was organizedfor 45-50 minutes. Post-test information was gathered after seven days from the day of intervention. Thedata were described by frequency, percentage and t-test was used to describe the difference between pre-testand post-test knowledge score. Chi-square test was also used to find out the association between knowledgeof 9th standard students regarding prevention of nutritional anaemia and selected demographic variables.Results: There was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores interpreted thatplanned teaching on knowledge regarding prevention of nutritional anaemia among adolescencents wereeffective. Mean value of pretest was 10.10 and posttest was 19.08and standard deviation values of pretestwas ±2.27and posttest was ±2.21. The calculated t-value was 19.66and p-value was 0.000.Conclusion: - The study was effective because the post-test knowledge score improved than the pre-testknowledge score. So the planned teaching has proved to improve 9th standard students knowledge regardingprevention of nutritional anaemia.
Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) to Reduce Cholesterol Level in People With Excessive Nutritional Status
Authors: Siti Fadlilah  , Adi Sucipto  , Mohamad Judha  , Tia Amestiasih  , Cornelia Dede Yoshima Nekada  , Eko Mindarsih  , Cipta Pramana
Published: September 2021

Background: Nutritional status is closely related to high cholesterol levels. High cholesterol levels as atrigger for other metabolic diseases. Fruits high in fiber and vitamin C can be used to keep blood cholesterollevels regularly.Aim: To determine the effect of red dragon fruit on blood cholesterol levels in people with excessivenutritional status.Methods: Research used an experimental approach with a pretest and post-test control group design. Thesample consisted of 2 groups, namely the control group and the intervention group, with 50 respondents ineach group. The sample was taken using purposive sampling. The intervention group got red dragon fruitjuice for seven days. Blood cholesterol levels are measured by laboratory tested using intravenous blood.The statistical test used the Paired T-Test and Independent T-Test.Results: The difference mean posttest-pretest control group and intervention groups were 13.56 mmHg and-13.06 mmHg. The analysis of pretest-posttest blood cholesterol levels among the control and interventiongroups were p=0.514 and p=0.035. The difference between the control group and the intervention group was0.022.Conclusion: Red dragon fruit is effective in reducing blood cholesterol levels in people with excessivenutritional status.
Physical Exercise in Clinical Stage IIhuman Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Patients’ Increasesskeletal Muscle MAss Through the Increasing of Myogenic Regulatory Factors Expression
Authors: Sri Mardjiati Mei Wulan  , Hening Laswati  , Usman Hadi  , Nasronudin Nasronudin
Published: September 2021

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection is a chronic diseasethat threatensthe health ofmillionsof people inthe worldand causing disability. One of the factors that causedisabilityis HIVmusclewasting,causing a decrease inthe quality of lifethat interferethe daily activitiesand evenincreased mortality. Properphysical exercise is needed to prevent and treat muscle wasting.Methods: This studyusinghuman subjectswithclinicalstageII HIVinfection. Subjectswere groupedinto two:Intervention (n =9) that subjects whogetmoderate-intensity physicalexercise (HIVA) for 8weeks andControl (n=9) as subjects wereobservedfor 8 weeks. Muscles samples were taken fromthe vastuslateralismusclebiopsiesthat performed24 hoursafterthe lastphysical exercise,immunohistochemicalexaminationwithmonoclonalantibodyanti-Pax7, anti-MyoD1 andanti-myogenin and measurement of thigh circumference.Results: Therewere significant increase in regeneration of skeletal muscle in the intervention group(increasing of Pax7, MyoD1 and myogenin) than the control groupand significant increase in quadricepsmuscles mass as measured by thigh circumference (p < 0.001).Conclusion: HIVA physical exerciseof moderate intensityincreasesskeletal muscleregenerationinclinicalstageII HIVinfectionthroughthe increasingPax7, MyoD1, myogeninexpression and followed by an increaseof quadriceps muscles mass.
MATHATICS AS PEDAGOGY, IN THE HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION
Authors:   Lecturer, Chirchik State Pedagogical Institute, Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan, Kushnazarova Yulduzkhon Kulnazarovna
Published: September 2021

Global paradigms "cover all types of activity and underlie the shift from the deterministic stochastic and to the third synergetic paradigm." The paradigm can be described using three keywords: self-organization, open systems, non-linearity. This work uses the data tabulation method and the graphical presentation of the results. The philosophy of postmodernism is a motor speech between a person and his reality. The value of education is not to memorize facts, to encourage the brain to think. In other words, postmodernism is "a new model of thinking that refuses to embrace traditionalism without reflection and reappraisal." In postmodernism, all similar, different and non-traditional data and knowledge coexist. Thus, if in modernism educational services are important, if they are useful, then in postmodernism the usefulness of a product or service is determined by the emotions of the person for whom the product was created. From this point of view, the educational product and service should be memorable.
Effects of emotional study context on immediate and delayed recognition memory: Evidence from event-related potentials
Authors: Kuhn Lisa Katharina , Bader Regine , Mecklinger Axel
Published: September 2021

Whilst research has largely focused on the recognition of emotional items, emotion may be a more subtle part of our surroundings and conveyed by context rather than by items. Using ERPs, we investigated which effects an arousing context during encoding may have for item-context binding and subsequent familiarity-based and recollection-based item-memory. It has been suggested that arousal could facilitate item-context bindings and by this enhance the contribution of recollection to subsequent memory judgements. Alternatively, arousal could shift attention onto central features of a scene and by this foster unitisation during encoding. This could boost the contribution of familiarity to remembering. Participants learnt neutral objects paired with ecologically highly valid emotional faces whose names later served as neutral cues during an immediate and delayed test phase. Participants identified objects faster when they had originally been studied together with emotional context faces. Items with both neutral and emotional context elicited an early frontal ERP old/new difference (200-400 ms). Neither the neurophysiological correlate for familiarity nor recollection were specific to emotionality. For the ERP correlate of recollection, we found an interaction between stimulus type and day, suggesting that this measure decreased to a larger extend on Day 2 compared with Day 1. However, we did not find direct evidence for delayed forgetting of items encoded in emotional contexts at Day 2. Emotion at encoding might make retrieval of items with emotional context more readily accessible, but we found no significant evidence that emotional context either facilitated familiarity-based or recollection-based item-memory after a delay of 24 h.
Análisis de requerimientos funcionales para el desarrollo de un ERP adaptado a la gestión de la logística inversa
Authors: Oltra-Badenes Raúl F. , Gil-Gómez Hermenegildo , Bellver-López Rosana , Asensio-Cuesta Sabina
Published: September 2021

En el entorno empresarial actual, diferentes factores hacen que cada vez sea más importante el retorno y recuperación de productos, con el objetivo de recuperar valor y aumentar la rentabilidad de la empresa. En este entorno, la logística inversa (LI) cobra una importancia cada vez mayor, siendo por tanto fundamental su correcta gestión mediante sistemas de Información (SI) adecuados. Sin embargo, los SI actuales están desarrollados en base a los procesos de la logística tradicional, sin contemplar las características específicas de la LI. En este trabajo se analizan los requerimientos derivados de la gestión de la LI, con el objetivo de servir de guía para el desarrollo de un SI adecuado para la LI.
Evolución de la gestión ambiental a través de estados de madurez
Authors: Ormazábal Marta , Sarriegi Jose Mª.
Published: September 2021

A primera vista, la gestión ambiental puede parecer diferente en cada empresa. Sin embargo, esta investigación ha demostrado que la evolución de la gestión ambiental es similar en todas las organizaciones; es decir, cada compañía pasa por análogos estados de madurez. A través de entrevistas y workshops con expertos en gestión ambiental, se ha definido esta evolución y se ha desarrollado una clasificación de estos estados de madurez: Cumplimiento de la Legislación, Formación, Sistematización, ECO2, Eco-Innovación y Empresa Líder en Gestión Ambiental. Esta clasificación ayuda a comprender con mayor precisión la evolución de la gestión del medio ambiente y la estructura que representa a esta evolución.
Políticas de esfuerzo combinado económico-laboral en la retención y atracción del conocimiento científico: un estudio del caso español
Authors: Aceituno-Aceituno Pedro , Cea-Moure Ramiro , Casado-Sánchez José L.
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es la aportación de un caso que evidencie la importancia de realizar esfuerzos tanto en el terreno económico como en el laboral para conseguir una adecuada retención y atracción del conocimiento científico. Para ello, se analizan los datos de un estudio que destaca estas cuestiones para un país como España, que necesita urgentemente mejorar su balance de movilidad investigadora. Los resultados confirman la importancia de la aplicación de estas medidas y las debilidades que presenta en este tipo de políticas el sistema nacional de investigación, desarrollo e innovación (I+D+i).
Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Review and Summary
Authors: Byers Mary Shannon
Published: September 2021

uillain-Barré Syndrome is a life-threatening, demyelinating, autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system attacks the myelin of the peripheral nervous system. Guillain-Barré Syndrome is characterized by ascending motor weakness and acute flaccid paralysis. Demyelination results in nerve inflammation, numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, structural damage to the myelin sheath, and possible respiratory system complications. The annual incidence rate is 1.1 to 1.8 per 100,000 persons worldwide. Guillain-Barré Syndrome is thought to be triggered by an antecedent infection such as a viral, gastrointestinal, or bacterial infection, food poisoning, or reaction to a vaccine. Approximately 9-11% of cases result in severe disability or death. The acute phase can vary in length from a few days to several months, although over 90% of patients begin rehabilitation within four weeks. Patient care involves a team of neurologists, physiatrist, internist, nurses, physical, occupational, and speech therapists, social worker, psychologist and family physician. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, symmetrical muscle weakness, the rate and order at which symptoms appear, and the absence or prolonged latency of reflexes are hallmarks for diagnosing Guillain-Barré Syndrome. A lumbar puncture to test for protein levels in the brain and spinal cord, and nerve conduction velocity test may aid in proper diagnosis, critical for optimizing treatment options and minimizing further progression. Although there is no cure, treatment may consist of plasmapheresis, typically performed four times during hospitalization, or intravenous immunoglobulin. Intravenous immunoglobulin combined with plasmapheresis should be avoided. Although glucocorticoids could repair damage to the blood-nerve barrier, oral corticosteroids could delay recovery.
Monopsony Theory
Authors: Block Walter , Barnett II William
Published: September 2021

This papers attempts to show that the neoclassical analysis of monopsony is erroneous. We deal with this issue under two sub-headings: those compatible with mainstream economics, and those that are not. In the first category are: paucity, wrong target, temporariness, limited window, complexity, information and timing (length of run). In the second category are those stemming from an alternative economic perspective, Austrianism: objective expenses vs. subjective costs, reliance on illegitimate interpersonal comparisons of utility, failure of trade to occur, coerced income transfers, difficulties with perfect competition and geometrical/mathematical considerations.
Contradictions of “Doing Development”
Authors: Chakrabarti Saumya
Published: September 2021

We construct an economy composed of modern/formal sector and the government and situate it within an exogenously given traditional economy consisting of farm and non-farm activities. The particularities of interactions between formal sector, government and agriculture on one hand and between farm and non-farm sectors on the other are discussed and the departures from the literature are identified. Next, we propose, for accumulation and growth in formal sector a large part of agriculture is modernized and thus there is drain of resources from the traditional economy. This expropriates a sizeable section of non-farm population from the means of consumption and reproduction. Consequently, a vast “surplus population” is created endogenously, which remains outside the domain of capital. This phenomenon points at a fundamental conflict between the modern/formal sector and the traditional nonfarm activities in presence of agricultural-supply-constraint, which was missed out in the orthodox “dual economy” literature proposing only a frictionless transition. Next, following the dictum of “development management” we assume that this “surplus population” is rehabilitated in the newly “discovered” and valorized informal sector. But, contrary to the mainstream position which asserts a symbiotic relation between this informal sector and other sectors of a less-developed-economy we propose that, this promotion of informal activities either generates formal – informal contradiction or engenders a conflict within the non-modern economy in the form of contradiction between the valorized informal sector and the residual petty non-farm activities. Hence, the projection of informal sector as a cushion mitigating unemployment is nothing but a myth.