bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heritability of some meat quality traits in ducks
Authors: Graczyk Magdalena , Gornowicz Ewa , Mucha Sebastian , Lisowski Mirosław , Grajewski Bartosz , Radziszewska Jolanta , Pietrzak Marian , Szwaczkowski Tomasz
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to estimate the heritability coefficients of fourteen meat quality traits in ducks. The study was conducted on 387 individuals of an F2 cross of Polish and French Pekin ducks. The following traits were examined in the breast (BM) and leg (LM) muscles: electrical conductivity at 15 minutes post-slaughter (BMEC15 and LMEC15), pH at 24 hours post-slaughter (BMpH24 and LMpH24), thermal drip (TDBM and TDLM) and lightness (L*) (LBM and LLM). Additionally, sensory traits were evaluated in the raw breast (BM) and leg (LM) muscles: colour (CRMB and CRLM), odour (ORBM and ORLM) and general appearance (GARBM and GARLM). Estimators of the variance components were obtained by the Restricted Maximum Likelihood method, using ASReml computer software. In general, varied heritability estimates were obtained: 0.01 (BMEC15), 0.16 (LMEC15), 0.01 (BMpH24), 0.06 (LMpH24), 0.07 (TDBM), 0.06 (TDLM), 0.08 (LBM), 0.07 (LLM), 0.08 (CRBM), 0.73 (CRLM), 0.11 (ORBM), 0.92 (ORLM), 0.24 (GARBM), and 0.40 (GARLM).
Quarter milking in primiparous and multiparous cows
Authors: Sitkowska Beata , Piwczyński Dariusz , Brzozowski Marcin , Aerts Joanna
Published: January 2020

Cows in their first lactation usually have lower milking parameters than multiparous cows. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in milking parameters in primiparous and multiparous cows in a quarter milking system. This is preliminary research which at a later stage will indicate whether primiparous cows milked in an automatic milking system (AMS) throughout their first lactation will have better milking parameters as multiparous cows. The data for statistical analysis was collected from three dairy herds in which Lely Astronaut A4 automatic milking systems were used. In total, data from 718 cows were analysed (531 lactations of primiparous cows and 477 of multiparous cows). The data was collected over a period of four years beginning in 2012, when the automatic milking system was implemented. After eliminating visits to the milking robot which ended in refusal, we analysed 352,708 milking sessions from primiparous cows and 488,711 from multiparous cows. Multifactorial analysis of variance of the numerical data was performed using a linear model taking into account the effect of herd, lactation stage, milking year and season, and the interaction of these factors. The statistical procedure showed that all linear model components had a highly significant or significant impact on the milking parameters considered. During initial stage of lactation the duration of the stay in the milking robot in the two groups was very similar—396-398 s. During this stage the milking time was about 268 s for the primiparous cows and 280 for the multiparous cows, and the average milk yield was 8.38 kg for the former and 10.40 kg for the latter. During the final stage of lactation (after 200 days) the milking time was 214 s in the primiparous cows and 241 in the multiparous cows, with yield of 7.93 and 8.77 kg of milk, respectively. Both primiparous and multiparous cows stayed longer in the milking robot and were milked longer in the spring and winter, which can be linked to higher milk yield. In both groups of cows it took longer to milk the rear quarters; these differences amounted to about 25 s in the primiparous group and about 40 s in the multiparous group.
Biochemical and mineral blood indices in fattening pigs fed mixtures containing yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus)
Authors: Sońta Marcin , Rekiel Anna , Więcek Justyna , Batorska Martyna
Published: January 2020

Thirty crossbred pigs [♀ (Landrace x Yorkshire) x ♂ Duroc] were fattened in a three-stage fattening period. Soybean extraction meal (Group K) or soybean extraction meal with seeds of yellow lupine in the amount of 7.5% (Group D1) or 15% (Group D2) were used as a source of protein in their diet. The animals were slaughtered after reaching a body weight of about 117.5 kg. Blood samples were collected from all pigs at this time. Activity of ALP, AST and ALT and the level of TP, GLU, CHOL, HDL, TG, CREA, UREA, Ca, P, Mg, and Fe were determined in order to assess the impact of the dietary factor on the homeostasis and health of the animals. The values of all biochemical and mineral blood indicators were lower in the experimental groups (D1 and D2) than in the control. Most of these differences were statistically significant (P≤0.05 and P≤0.01). The values of the characteristics were within the reference limits for the species. The dietary factor had no negative effect on homeostasis in the animals.
Памятники ранненеолитической среднедонкой культуры у села Доброе на верхнем Дону
Authors: Smolyaninov Roman V. , Kulichkov Aleksey A. , Yurkina Yelizaveta S. , Yanish Yevgeniya Yu.
Published: January 2020

Nowadays there are 72 sites of the Neolithic Middle-Don Culture. Ceramic vessels are ornamented mostly using triangular pricks. These settlements are located on the banks of the rivers Voronezh and Don in their lower reaches. Not far from the town of Dobroe, a  concentration of Neolithic settlements was found. Three of them contained Early Neolithic pottery of the Middle-Don Culture (6th millennium BC). For the first time on the settlement Dobroe 9 a cultural layer was found in situ. Due to the discovery of the assemblage of pottery and stone and bone tools, new excavations allowed us to characterise the material culture of the ancient population of the Upper Don in a new way.
Order in chaos. Spatial analysis of cremated human remains in urn urials from Podlesie, site 5, Oleśnica Commune, Świętokrzyskie voivodeship
Authors: Jaskulska Elżbieta
Published: January 2020

A sample of six cremated graves from the Lusatian Culture cemetery from Podlesie, site 5, has been subjected to a spatial analysis aimed at recognising anatomical provenance of bone fragments within the layers of the urn burial. Even though individual features have shown damage ranging from slight to severe, most of the burials have shown an indication of a repeated pattern, with skull fragments predominantly present in the upper layers (Chi2 = 43.968, df = 16, p < 0.001) and lower limb fragments accumulated in the lower parts of the urn (Chi2 = 28.635, df = 16, p = 0.027). In the case of the torso (the term used to describe postcranial axial skeletal fragments together with pectoral and pelvic girdles’ elements) and upper limb, the analysis has not shown statistically significant distribution between the layers. The analysis confirmed the advantage of the proposed method in determining the presence of the so-called ‘anatomical order’ within cremation burials.
Alleged burial mounds from the late Roman Period at leśnictwo Sacharewo site 3, Białowieża Primeval Forest
Authors: Krasnodębski Dariusz , Olczak Hanna , Mizerka Jagoda , Niedziółka Kamil
Published: January 2020

The article presents results of excavations carried out at an alleged barrow cemetery located in the western part of the Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland. The site, discovered in 1996 and verified in 2016, consists of
10 mounds. In 2017, the first excavations were carried out when the mound no. 3, with a diameter of c. 9 m and a relative height of c. 0.7 m, located on the northern edge of the site, was chosen for research. In the mound 39 potsherds were found. The scarcity of ceramic material and the high degree of its fragmentation make the stylistic analysis difficult. The technological and stylistic features of the discussed pottery are typical for ceramics from a wide timespan, ranging from the Pre-Roman Period to the Late Roman Period. Their precise dating and cultural affiliation are difficult to determine due not only to the small size of the collection but also to the lack of well-dated comparative materials from the Białowieża Forest and its surroundings. A 14C analysis of charcoal obtained from the embankment of the mound yielded an approximation which fits between the second half of the 3rd century and the early 6th century. The cul- tural situation of north-eastern Poland in the Pre-Roman and Roman periods remains insufficiently recognised. Excavations carried out over the past dozen years have revealed many settlements related to the local culture group of the Hatched Pottery Culture and the Wielbark Culture, with some influences flowing from the postZarubintsy circle. In the course of the excavations,
no human bones were found which would unambiguously confirm the sepulchral function of the mound.
The Sacharewo mound is a part of a wider category of objects known from throughout the Białowieża Forest in which no bones were discovered but only fragments of clay vessels or charcoal layers.
Gotlandic pottery outside Gotland
Authors: Eriksson Thomas
Published: January 2020

The article discusses contacts and networks along the eastern coast of Sweden and around the Baltic Sea. The focus is on the decorated pottery c. 0–700 AD. Sweden and Scandinavia had different regional styles of pottery during this period. One of the most distinctive Scandinavian styles is found on Öland and Gotland. This style is distinguished by the elaborate use of stamps and vessels with handles positioned from the rim to the shoulder. Vessels made in this style are found outside the large islands, notably in Svealand, i.e. the lake Mälaren Basin in central Sweden, as well as in northern Sweden. More interesting is the spread and influences in the Dollkeim-Kovrovo culture, in north-eastern Poland, and Oblast Kaliningrad. During the Roman Iron Age, a special type of beaker is found from the Mälar basin to Gotland/Öland and further on in Oblast Kaliningrad. The connection can also be seen in dress ornaments and other artefacts. The regional differences in the pottery decrease during the Vendel Period (c. 550–800 AD). A new style of stamped vessels is spread from the Langobards in northern Italy to England and Scandinavia and marks a new, more uniform material culture. This marks probably a new area of more complex and centralised political units.
Studi Pengurangan Biaya Fabrikasi Struktur Dek Kapal dengan Hybrid GA
Authors: Putra Gerry Liston , Kitamura Mitsuru , Takezawa Akihiro
Published: January 2020

AbstrakEfek dari krisis ekonomi global adalah menurunnya aktivitas ekspor dan impor yang mempengaruhi terhadap menurunnya permintaan pembangunan kapal baru. Hal ini mengakibatkan galangan kapal melakukan efisiensi di seluruh aspek untuk tetap bertahan salah satunya dengan mengurangi biaya produksi sebuah kapal. Banyak studi terkait pengurangan berat dan biaya yang telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode optimasi. Penulis memilih struktur dek kapal yang terdiri dari pelat dan stiffener sebagai studi kasus. Pada studi ini, penulis mengoptimasi biaya fabrikasi struktur dek kapal yang terdiri dari biaya material dan biaya pengelasan dengan menggunakan hybrid algoritma genetika yang mengkombinasikan algoritma genetika dan metode optimasi lanjut. Algoritma genetika mengoptimasi variabel desain diskrit yang terdiri dan jumlah stiffener dan ukuran stiffener sedangkan metode optimasi lainnya mengoptimalkan variabel desain kontinyu yang terdiri dari jarak stiffener dan ketebalan pelat. Penulis mengambil bagian dari dek kapal tanker menjadi target optimasi yang kemudian dibandingkan hasilnya dengan data awal kapal. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode optimasi ini dapat mengurangi biaya fabrikasi dek kapal hingga 25 %. Abstract The impact of the global economic crisis is a decline in import and export activities resulting in a decrease in shipbuilding demand. Shipyard companies do efficiency in all aspects to survive which one of them is reduced production cost of a ship. Many studies for a lightweight and low-cost structure are being done which we also propose to solve the problem with the optimization method. We selected deck structure as a case study which is composed of plates and stiffeners. In this study, we optimized fabrication cost such the material cost and welding cost with a hybrid genetic algorithm (GA) which applied a genetic algorithm and other optimization methods. Genetic algorithm optimized the discrete design variables which are a number of stiffener and type of stiffener and other optimization methods optimized the continuous design variables which are stiffener spacing and plate thickness. We carried out part of deck structure of crude oil tanker, and the optimization results compared with data of existing ship. The result shows that the optimization method can decrease the fabrication cost of deck structure about 25 %.
Study Of Flood Control And Reliability Index Of Tanggul River
Authors: - Giyanto - , Harlan Dhemi , Natasaputra Suardi
Published: January 2020

AbstractTanggul River which is located in Jember Regency, East Java Province, experiences floods every year. Increasing in flood discharge, decreasing on river capacity and lowing of slope cause flooding. In this study, we will analyze Tanggul River in full bank capacity condition with flood discharges for the return period of 2, 5, 10, 20 and 25 years, and then analyze flood control scenario, reliability index and economic feasibility. Flood control are carried out structurally by river normalization, side overflow construction, embankment elevation and a combination of the three activities. 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional hydraulic analysis use HEC-RAS software version 5.06, reliability index analysis uses the Safety Factor (SF) and First-Order Second Moment (FOSM) methods, and economic feasibility uses the Benefit Cost (B / C) Ratio method. The benefit component is reducting from flood inundation which is analyzed by QGIS software and Open Street Map (OSM), while the cost component is flood control construction costs. Based on the results of the study, the river embankment full bank capacity conditions correspond to floods return period of 5 years, recommended flood control are river normalization and elevation of the embankment with a B / C Ratio value of 1.7, flood reduction 62.88%, reliability index SF method 1.07 and FOSM method 97.05%AbstrakSungai Tanggul terletak di Kabupaten Jember Provinsi Jawa Timur mengalami luapan banjir setiap tahun. Adanya peningkatan debit banjir, penurunan kapasitas sungai dan kemiringan yang landai diduga menjadi penyebab luapan banjir. Pada kajian ini akan menganalisis Sungai Tanggul kondisi full bank capacity dengan debit banjir rencana periode ulang 2, 5, 10, 20 dan 25 tahun, selanjutnya menganalisis skenario pengendalian banjir, indeks kehandalan dan kelayakan ekonomi. Upaya pengendalian banjir dilakukan secara struktural dengan normalisasi sungai, pembangunan pelimpah samping, peninggian tanggul dan kombinasi dari ketiga kegiatan tersebut. Analisis hidrolika 1 dimensi dan 2 dimensi menggunakan software HEC-RAS versi 5.06, analisis indeks kehandalan dengan metode Safety Factor (SF) dan First-Order Second Moment (FOSM), dan analisis kelayakan ekonomi dengan metode Benefit Cost (B/C) Ratio. Komponen benefit berupa pengurangan genangan banjir yang dianalisis dengan software QGIS dan Open Street Map (OSM), sedangkan komponen cost berupa biaya konstruksi pengendalian banjir. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, diperoleh kapasitas Sungai Tanggul kondisi full bank capacity yang bersesuaian dengan banjir periode ulang 5 tahun, upaya pengendalian banjir yang direkomendasikan berupa normalisasi sungai dan peninggian tanggul dengan nilai B/C Ratio 1,7, reduksi banjir 62,88 %, Indeks kehandalan metode SF 1,07 dan metode FOSM 97,05%.
Analisis Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Backpropagation untuk Prediksi Kelas Tanah, N-SPT, dan Kohesi Tak Terdrainase
Authors: Setiadi Ridwan , Wulandari Sri
Published: January 2020

AbstrakJaringan syaraf tiruan (JST) adalah salah satu alat yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi sesuatu yang terlalu sulit untuk dimodelkan atau terlalu rumit diprogram melalui algoritma komputer biasa. Pada dasarnya, JST dibangun lalu dilatih untuk mengenali pola data pelatihan yang terdiri dari input dan target. Idealnya, JST yang sukses memiliki nilai kuadrat eror rata-rata atau mean squared-error (MSE) yang kecil dan jumlah data pelatihan yang berhasil dikenali besar. Ada tiga JST yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini, yaitu JST klasifikasi tanah, JST prediksi N-SPT, dan JST prediksi kohesi tak terdrainase. JST klasifikasi tanah memiliki MSE pelatihan senilai 0,0351 dan mampu mengenali 56 dari total 57 atau 98,2% data pelatihan sementara MSE pengujiannya senilai 0,6534 dan mampu mengenali 6 dari 10 atau 60% data pengujian. JST prediksi N-SPT memiliki MSE pelatihan senilai 0,368 dan mampu mengenali 29 dari 37 atau 78,38% data pelatihan sementara MSE pengujiannya senilai 1,4697 dan mampu mengenali 6 dari 10 atau 60% data pengujian. JST prediksi kohesi tak terdrainase memiliki MSE pelatihan senilai 0,0059 dan mampu mengenali 27 dari 28 atau 96,43% data pelatihan sementara MSE pengujiannya seniai 0,0225 dan mampu mengenali 9 dari 10 atau 90% data pengujian.Abstract Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a tool which can be used to predict something too complicated to be modeled or to be programmed by using ordinary computer algorithm. Basically, ANN is built then trained to recognize pattern of training data consisting of inputs and targets. Ideally, a successful ANN has low mean squared-error (MSE) and high amount of recognizable training data. There are three ANN built, they are: classifying-soil-class ANN, predicting-N-SPT ANN, and predicting-undrained-cohession ANN. MSE from training session of classifying-soilclass ANN is 0.0351 and it can recognize 56 of 57 or 98.2% training data while MSE from testing session is 0.6534 and it can recognize 6 of 10 or 60% testing data. MSE from training session of predicting-N-SPT ANN is 0.368 and it can recognize 29 of 37 or 78.38% training data while MSE from testing session is 1.4697 and it can recognize 6 of 10 or 60% testing data. MSE from training session of predicting-undrained-cohession ANN is 0.0059 and it can recognize 27 of 28 or 96.43% training data while MSE from testing session is 0.0225 and it can recognize 9 of 10 or 90% testing data.
SICREDI E O PROGRAMA A UNIÃO FAZ A VIDA: A INFLUÊNCIA DA LÓGICA MERCANTIL NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES
Authors: Lopes Daniela Oliveira , Reis Leila Duarte , Cóssio Maria de Fátima , Scherer Susana , Silva Vanessa Silva da
Published: January 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o discurso pedagógico, especificamente relativo à formação de professores, na cartilha Formando Educadores do Programa A União Faz a Vida, do Sicredi, desenvolvida via Parcerias Público-Privada (PPP) dessa organização com redes escolares no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Contextualizam-se, primeiramente, os conceitos de Terceira Via, Governança e Nova Gestão Pública, os quais dão suporte às PPPs e expressam-se como as estratégias contemporâneas adotadas pelo projeto capitalista. Depois se analisa o papel do Banco Mundial na disseminação desses ideais na educação, para então, na sequência, apresentar a análise da cartilha Formando Educadores, do Programa A União Faz a Vida, do Sicredi, de modo a exprimir sentidos e significados expressos no referido material. Nesse sentido, foi possível identificar o aporte de termos como cooperativismo e aprendizagem permanente, os quais representam elementos chave do projeto capitalista atual.
EDUCAÇÃO E INFÂNCIA: ALGUNS APONTAMENTOS SOBRE O BRINCAR DAS CRIANÇAS
Authors: Rodrigues Rogério
Published: January 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o lugar do brincar das crianças na infância numa proposição crítica, tendo como referência a Psicanálise na Educação. O método utilizado tem como proposição investigativa o campo da teoria crítica no sentido de evidenciar o que é estranho no modo comum do brincar das crianças. Para tanto, serão reproduzidas e analisadas três pequenas cenas do cotidiano que se apresentam nas interações entre o educar e o brincar. As principais conclusões desse estudo indicam que, na modernidade, ocorre a precarização do brincar tanto no espaço urbano como no espaço escolar em subordinar o sujeito como objeto, principalmente, por destituir as condições criativas. Conclui-se que, no campo da gestão pública, mais propriamente, no setor do campo educacional, as novas configurações do brincar alteram a singularidade do sujeito e que, no plural do social, reduz-se em sujeitos alheios à própria cultura e destituídos de pensamento no sentido de elaborar a crítica.
Avaliação dos efeitos de um programa de leitura e comunicação para crianças com autismo
Authors: Silva Stefhanny Paulimineytrick Nascimento , Walter Catia Crivelenti de Figueiredo , Nunes Leila Regina d'Oliveira de Paula
Published: January 2020

Este estudo consiste em pesquisa experimental intrassujeito com delineamento de retirada conduzida com o propósito de averiguar os efeitos da aplicação do Programa de Leitura e Comunicação para Crianças com Autismo (PROLECA) em um menino não verbal de cinco anos de idade. As crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) apresentam habilidades necessárias para decodificar as palavras, mas possuem dificuldades em compreensão leitora. Estudos de Hogan, Cain e Bridges (2013), Whalon, Delano e Hanline (2013), WIilliamson, Carnahan e Jacobs (2009) e Carnahan, Williamson e Christman, (2011), Patten e Watson (2011) e Medeiros (2015), entre outros, fundamentaram esta investigação desenvolvida durante 20 semanas. Os dados revelaram ganhos consideráveis no estabelecimento da atenção direcionada do participante, em seu interesse em ouvir pequenas histórias e em sua compreensão leitora. O PROLECA parece ser um programa promissor. Sugere-se, contudo, a necessidade de mais investigações acerca do uso de estratégias de leitura para crianças com autismo.
Saber tradicional etnobotânico na comunidade Quilombola do Cedro no Sudoeste de Goiás
Authors: Silva Jesiel Souza
Published: January 2020

Os quilombos são os maiores símbolos de resistência frente ao sistema escravocrata que perdurou no território brasileiro por muitos anos. Espalhadas por todo o território brasileiro, essas comunidades criaram estratégicas de sobrevivência frente ao modelo fundiário concentrador e conservador. Nesse contexto, a comunidade do Cedro, no sudoeste de Goiás, é uma comunidade constituída de descendentes de escravos e que se reconhecem como portadores de uma identidade baseada na mesma origem e em uma cultura comum distinta dos demais grupos circunvizinhos. Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa empírica e tem como objetivo analisar a importância do conhecimento tradicional na sustentabilidade da comunidade como fator de fortalecimento no processo produtivo, revelando parte da riqueza Etnobotânica dentro da comunidade e conhecendo a finalidade do uso, parte da planta utilizada, modo de preparo e fonte de obtenção e coleta das plantas medicinais cedrinas.
Reconversión productiva del tabaco en México, un acercamiento desde la etnografía institucional
Authors: Hernández Dagoberto De Dios , Pacheco Jesús Antonio Madera , Silva Leonardo Xavier da
Published: January 2020

Nayarit concentra aproximadamente 90% de la superficie cultivada de tabaco en México, parte importante de su economía e identidad sociocultural se anclan al tabaco. A más de una década de ratificado el Convenio Marco para el Control del Tabaco, y su traducción en el programa de Reconversión Productiva del Tabaco (RPT) para el cumplimiento de los artículos No. 17 y No. 18, los rendimientos productivos se mantienen sin cambios y existe una falta de información de las familias en torno a la RPT. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la situación actual del Programa de RPT y las interfaces entre familias tabacaleras, organizaciones de representación, funcionarios gubernamentales y otros actores en torno a la RPT. Con la etnografía institucional como referencial analítico y metodológico, el artículo da cuenta que dicha intervención gubernamental es compleja y con visiones contradictorias entre sus actores institucionales y sociales. Las acciones emprendidas por el Estado han dificultado y obstaculizado el proceso de RPT, porque los recursos de apoyo para la reconversión de cultivos son objeto de control político evitando que lleguen a las familias tabacaleras en Nayarit.
A construção do conhecimento agroecológico no Território Central do Rio Grande do Sul: uma experiência baseada na metodologia campesino a campesino
Authors: Kaufmann Marielen Priscila , Pasqualotto Nayara , Sena Mauricio Machado
Published: January 2020

Primando, sobretudo, pela valorização dos conhecimentos dos agricultores como um aspecto primordial no estudo e compreensão da dinâmica dos agroecossistemas, este artigo apresenta a experiência da utilização da metodologia Campesino a campesino (CAC), para promover a construção do conhecimento agroecológico entre os agricultores ecologistas do Território Central do Rio Grande do Sul. Sob este enfoque, realizaram-se seis oficinas sobre temas recorrentes na produção ecológica de alimentos, tais como a fruticultura, horticultura e pecuária leiteira ao longo do ano de 2015. Ademais, o artigo objetiva analisar as potencialidades e fragilidades do emprego desta ferramenta metodológica no contexto sul-riograndense. Os resultados desta experiência nos indicam que há necessidade de maior discussão sobre o CAC nas instituições de ensino, bem como nas instituições de extensão rural, visto que há uma resistência, por parte da comunidade acadêmica e dos extensionistas rurais a compreender e valorizar o agricultor como um ator de desenvolvimento.
Proyectos de vida en adolescentes en riesgo de exclusión social
Authors: Garcés Delgado Yaritza , Santana Vega Lidia Esther , Feliciano García Luis Antonio
Published: January 2020

La configuración del proyecto de vida es un reto de todo ser humano. Los factores que condicionan la construcción del proyecto vital son diversos: escasa madurez, falta de identidad, personalidad conflictiva, entorno sociofamiliar problemático, fracaso escolar, etc. La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el proceso de configuración de los proyectos de vida en adolescentes en riesgo de exclusión social.  Se realizó un estudio de casos múltiples con seis adolescentes con trayectorias de exclusión acogidos al sistema de protección. En el estudio se utilizaron instrumentos y técnicas cualitativas (diario de campo, entrevistas abiertas y grupos de discusión) y cuantitativas (cuestionario). Los resultados muestran que estos menores poseen dificultades para proyectar un futuro al margen de los contextos de exclusión social en los que se han desarrollado. Los proyectos de vida son construidos desde la inadaptación al sistema y sobre una base socioemocional deficiente, ocasionando en los jóvenes la incapacidad de generar pensamientos y conductas asertivas para lograr alcanzar las metas fijadas. Es necesario: a) trabajar con los adolescentes en riesgo de exclusión la adquisición de estrategias socioemocionales, y b) prevenir las conductas intra e interpersonales conflictivas, a través de acciones de atención/apoyo.

The configuration of the life design is a challenge for every human being. The factors that determine the construction of the life design are diverse: lack of maturity, lack of identity, con-flictive personality, problematic social and family environment, school failure, etc. This study attempts to analyse the process of shaping life designs in adolescents at risk of social exclusion. A multi-case study was conducted with six adolescents presenting exclusion trajectories that were within the protection system. In the study, qualitative (semi-structured and diary field inter-views) and quantitative (questionnaire) data retrieval tools and techniques were used, opting for a mixed methodology. The results show that these children have difficulties in projecting a future outside the contexts of social exclusion in which they have developed. Life designs are built from the maladjustment to the system and on a deficient social-emotional basis, making young people unable to generate assertive thoughts and behaviors to achieve the goals set. It is necessary to: a) work with adolescents at risk of exclusion to make them acquire social-emotional strategies, and b) prevent conflicting intra and interpersonal behaviour through care/support actions.
Fomentando la competencia digital docente en la universidad: Percepción de estudiantes y docentes
Authors: Domingo-Coscollola Maria , Bosco-Paniagua Alejandra , Carrasco-Segovia Sara , Sánchez-Valero Joan-Anton
Published: January 2020

Este artículo da cuenta del proyecto “Propuesta interuniversitaria de formación inicial de maestros en tecnologías digitales”. Para elaborarla, nos planteamos conocer la percepción de estudiantes y de docentes sobre qué necesidades abordar en relación con las tecnologías digitales y la competencia digital metodológica, y qué acciones institucionales son preferentes para desarrollar la competencia digital docente (CDD). En este estudio, utilizamos un diseño de investigación de métodos mixtos. Las técnicas e instrumentos usados han sido el análisis de la documentación disponible, grupos de discusión y cuestionarios. La propuesta va dirigida a las nueve universidades catalanas que imparten la formación de futuros docentes en los grados de Maestro de Educación Infantil y Primaria. Las principales conclusiones apuntan hacia la necesidad de vincular la universidad con la sociedad, así como de favorecer un desarrollo profesional del profesorado universitario y la alfabetización digital de sus estudiantes fomentando el aprendizaje colaborativo y la autoría. También, se destaca la importancia de priorizar la comunicación y la colaboración durante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje usando recursos digitales útiles que lo faciliten. A su vez, se resalta la ética y la ciudadanía digital como una dimensión emergente a considerar en la práctica educativa. Finalmente, se apuntan tres acciones institucionales sobre CDD para contemplar en los planes de estudio universitarios.

This article provides an account of the project "An inter-university proposal for the initial training of teachers in digital technologies". In order to prepare it, we consider the perception of students and teachers on what needs to be addressed with regard to digital technologies and methodological digital competence, and what institutional actions are preferential for the development of teachers’ digital competence (TDC). In this study, we used a mixed-method research design. The techniques and instruments used have been the analysis of available documentation, focus groups and surveys. The proposal is targeted at the nine Catalan Universities that provide training for future teachers in Pre-school and Primary Education Degrees. The main findings point to the need to link the university to the society, as well as to promote a professional development of university teachers and the digital literacy of their students by fostering collaborative learning and authorship.  Likewise, it highlights the importance of prioritizing communication and collaboration during the teaching and learning process using useful digital resources that facilitate it. At the same time, ethics and digital citizenship is highlighted as an emerging dimension to be considered in educational practice. Finally, three institutional actions about TDC are pointed out to consider in university curricula.
Las conductas fraudulentas del alumnado universitario español en las evaluaciones: valoración de su gravedad y propuestas de sanciones a partir de un panel de expertos
Authors: Sureda-Negre Jaume , Cerdá-Navarro Antoni , Calvo-Sastre Aina , Comas Forgas Rubén
Published: January 2020

Este trabajo se centra en el fraude en las evaluaciones por parte del alumnado universitario español y su reglamentación por parte de las universidades como dispositivo para combatirlo. A partir del análisis de la literatura y la consulta a un panel de expertos mediante la administración de un cuestionario en dos rondas se identifican los principales comportamientos fraudulentos en las evaluaciones.  Posteriormente, a partir de las opiniones de los expertos se determina, por una parte, el nivel de gravedad de cada uno de los comportamientos fraudulentos y, por otra, el tipo de sanciones aplicables según su gravedad. El análisis del grado de concordancia de los expertos en torno a estas cuestiones sugiere que, si bien hay algunos elementos que presentan un consenso significativo, continúan habiendo importantes divergencias en algunos criterios fundamentales a la hora de valorar y sancionar los comportamientos fraudulentos del alumnado en las evaluaciones. Los resultados ofrecidos pueden ser de utilidad para la elaboración y desarrollo de políticas educativas contra la deshonestidad académica basadas en dispositivos normativos

This paper focuses on the fraud in the evaluations perpetrated by the Spanish university students and its regulation by the universities as a device to combat it. From the analysis of the literature and the consultation of a panel of experts through the administration of a questionnaire in two rounds, the main fraudulent behaviours in the evaluations are identified. Subsequently, based on the opinions of the experts, it is determined, on the one hand, the level of seriousness of each of the fraudulent behaviours and, on the other, the type of sanctions applicable according to their severity. The analysis of the degree of concordance of the experts on these issues suggests that, although there are some elements that present a significant consensus, there continue to be important divergences in some fundamental criteria when assessing and punishing the fraudulent behaviour of students in the evaluations The results offered can be useful for the development and implementation of educational policies against academic dishonesty based on normative devices.
La dirección escolar: Liderazgo pedagógico y mejora escolar
Authors: Rodríguez-Gallego Margarita Rosa , Ordóñez Sierra Rosario , López-Martínez Antonia
Published: January 2020

Este estudio se centra, en conocer desde el punto de vista de los directivos, el desarrollo del liderazgo pedagógico y la mejora escolar. Para ello se ha contado con la participación de 47 directores y directoras que ejercen en centros públicos y concertados. En el proceso metodológico de corte cualitativo, se ha utilizado la técnica de la entrevista, con la finalidad de conocer cómo se asumen los cambios normativos en cuanto a procesos metodológicos y de evaluación para establecer propuestas de mejora. En la recogida de datos se han manejado las categorías correspondientes a los indicadores aportados por las entrevistas, y para su análisis se ha utilizado el programa estadístico Atlas.Ti versión 6.2. Entre los principales resultados destacamos que gran parte de los directivos mantienen que la metodología más utilizada tras aplicarse la nueva normativa es el trabajo por Proyectos. Mientras que en la categoría evaluación el cambio más valorado ha sido la introducción de una evaluación más cualitativa a través de Rúbricas. Con respecto a los posibles mejoras escolares los directivos plantean la necesidad de llevar a cabo en cada centro un proyecto de acción colectivo al servicio de una educación para todos. En términos generales, los resultados del estudio  confirman que la opinión de los directivos sobre el liderazgo pedagógico y mejora escolar viene determinada por la normativa, limitando su estructura de trabajo.

The aim of this study was to determine, from the managerial perspective, the development of pedagogical leadership and school improvement, with the participation of 47 principals from public and charter schools. The qualitative methodology was based on interviews, which were designed to reveal how the changes in regulations were assumed in terms of methodological and evaluation processes, in order to establish suggestions for improvement. To gather the data, we used the categories that corresponded to the indicators provided by the interviews, and the statistical software Atlas v.6.2 was used for the data analysis. Among the main results, a large part of the participants stated that the

 most used methodology after implementing the new regulations was “project assignment”; on the other hand, in the evaluation category, the most valued change was the introduction of a more qualitative evaluation through the use of rubrics. With respect to possible school improvements, the participants highlighted the need to carry out in each centre a community action project for an education for everyone. In general terms, the results of the study confirm that the opinion of the participants about pedagogical leadership and school improvement is determined by the regulations, which limit their work structure.
Las altas capacidades en el sistema educativo español: reflexiones sobre el concepto y la identificación
Authors: Tourón Javier
Published: January 2020

El presente trabajo recoge una apretada síntesis de algunos de los problemas conceptuales que están directamente relacionados  con el desarrollo de la atención a los estudiantes con alta capacidad en el sistema educativo español, preferentemente no universitario. Así, parece esencial centrarse en el enfoque teórico de los modelos preeminentes en la literatura científica más relevante que permitan arribar a una mínima conceptualización operativa de los conceptos de capacidad y talento. Por otra parte, se analizan los problemas derivados de la identificación y su evidente déficit en las escuelas públicas y privadas. Algunas consideraciones a modelos relevantes de identificación basados en las medidas “out of level” son objeto de atención particular por su importancia metodológica y práctica, y por haber sido implantado por el autor durante años en España.

This paper gathers a tight synthesis of some of the conceptual problems that are directly related with the development of service to gifted students in the Spanish education system, preferably non-university. Thus, it seems essential to focus on the theoretical approach of the preeminent models in the most relevant scientific literature that allow us to get a minimum operational conceptualization of the concepts of ability and talent. On the other hand, the problems derived from identification and its evident deficit in public and private schools are analyzed. Some considerations to relevant identification models based on the “out of level” measures are given particular attention for their methodological and practical importance and for having been implemented by the author for years in Spain.
From the editors
Authors: Bellés-Fortuño Begoña
Published: January 2020

De los Editores

DIVERSITY IN THE LANGUAGE CLASSROOM: RAISING AWARENESS

Access to education should be universal in all cases; however, bureaucracy and policy conventions sometimes divert unconsciously from this objective. Although educational institutions have been rowing in the right direction in the last decade, still a lot remains to be done to make education accessible to everyone.

Accessibility to education in most cases goes hand in hand with new technologies and the concept of e-learning accessibility (Phipps & Kelly, 2006), since information and computer technologies (ICT) are present in all levels of the educational sphere. To achieve this, the European Union and governments worldwide have advanced in the publication of directives and requirements that advocate for equal access to education technology, for example access to websites and applications for the public sector. This means that education can be adapted to students’ needs according to their functionality (Batanero, et al., 2014).

The current issue includes contributions that delve into the educational sector with practices and pedagogical accommodations to students’ needs. The issue, structured in two differentiating sections includes four full articles in the main section and two book reviews.
COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCES IN NON-LINGUISTIC UNIVERSITY DEGREES
Authors: Polyakova Oksana , Galstyan-Sargsyan Ruzana
Published: January 2020

Author/s

Oksana PolyakovaRuzana Galstyan-SargsyanUniversidad Católica de Valenica, Spain

 

ABSTRACT

As labour markets continue to change rapidly, the learning environments continue to be unchallenged in the provision of new professionals across the world. This change has compelled the need for students to attain communicative competences in non-linguistic institutions of higher education. In order to address this issue, we propose a novel approach to communicative competences integration into the curriculum development of a specialised foreign language course. For this purpose, we combine students’ needs analysis with a personalised English for specific purposes (ESP) course design that motivates them to learn more about technical and professional environments through a skill-based routing. Additionally, we provide a scale for measuring training outcomes as well as suggest first results from the piloting phase of the teaching experience. The findings of the study highlight usefulness of the customised competence training experience.
La fotografía espeleológica digital
Authors: Mayoral Daniel
Published: January 2020

Disparar buenas fotografías en una cueva sin prácticamente iluminación no es tarea fácil. Daniel Mayoral, fotógrafo y experimentado espeleólogo, desvela las claves para realizar buenas imágenes al potenciar la iluminación en la cueva por diversos medios técnicos y artificiales que harán posible conseguir un buen resultado.
Festimage 2010
Authors: Marín Antoni
Published: January 2020

FESTIMATGE es un festival sobre fotografía y cine que se celebra en Calella del Maresme (Barcelona) y que este año llega a su quinta edición. Organizado por la entidad local Foto-Film Calella reúne una serie de exposiciones de fotografía, proyecciones cinematográficas, talleres, conferencias y mesas redondas. La mayor parte de las exposiciones tienen lugar en la gran sala de la Fàbrica Llobet.
Inhibition of synucleinopathic seeding by rationally designed inhibitors
Authors: Sangwan Smriti , Sahay Shruti , Murray Kevin A , Morgan Sophie , Guenther Elizabeth L , Jiang Lin , Williams Christopher K , Vinters Harry V , Goedert Michel , Eisenberg David S
Published: January 2020

Seeding, in the context of amyloid disease, is the sequential transfer of pathogenic protein aggregates from cell-to-cell within affected tissues. The structure of pathogenic seeds provides the molecular basis and enables rapid conversion of soluble protein into fibrils. To date, there are no inhibitors that specifically target seeding of Parkinson’s disease (PD)-associated α-synuclein (α-syn) fibrils, in part, due to lack of information of the structural properties of pathological seeds. Here we design small peptidic inhibitors based on the atomic structure of the core of α-syn fibrils. The inhibitors prevent α-syn aggregation in vitro and in cell culture models with binding affinities of 0.5 μM to α-syn fibril seeds. The inhibitors also show efficacy in preventing seeding by human patient-derived α-syn fibrils. Our results suggest that pathogenic seeds of α-syn contain steric zippers and suggest a therapeutic approach targeted at the spread and progression that may be applicable for PD and related synucleinopathies.
Digitale Beziehungen
Authors: Bentsen Lise
Published: January 2020

Dieses Unterrichtsmodell zeigt, wie digitale Beziehungen wie z.B. Freundschaften in sozialen Medien im Deutschunterricht auf kreative Weise behandelt werden können.
Die Magie der Freundschaft
Authors: Viholm Karsten Trolle
Published: January 2020

Dieses Unterrichtsmodell zeigt in mehreren Modulen, wie die Schüler kreativ mit dem Thema "Freundschaft" umgehen können, unter anderem im Umgang mit Schülern von einer deutschen Partnerschule. Sie üben sich auch daran, auf Deutsch Mitgefühl zu zeigen und gute Ratschläge zu geben.
Tertnes - ein virtueller Kulturerbeführer
Authors: Rolka Sabine
Published: January 2020

Das Unterrichstmodell beschreibt, wie Schüler angeregt werden können, ihre nähere Umgebung zu erforschen und in verschiedener Form auf Deutsch zu verarbeiten und weiterzuvermitteln.
Questioning the proverb ‘more haste, less speed’: classic versus metabarcoding approaches for the diet study of a remote island endemic gecko
Authors: Gil Vanessa , Pinho Catarina J. , Aguiar Carlos A.S. , Jardim Carolina , Rebelo Rui , Vasconcelos Raquel
Published: January 2020

Dietary studies can reveal valuable information on how species exploit their habitats and are of particular importance for insular endemics conservation as these species present higher risk of extinction. Reptiles are often neglected in island systems, principally the ones inhabiting remote areas, therefore little is known on their ecological networks. The Selvagens gecko Tarentola (boettgeri) bischoffi, endemic to the remote and integral reserve of Selvagens Archipelago, is classified as Vulnerable by the Portuguese Red Data Book. Little is known about this gecko’s ecology and dietary habits, but it is assumed to be exclusively insectivorous. The diet of the continental Tarentola species was already studied using classical methods. Only two studies have used next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques for this genus thus far, and very few NGS studies have been employed for reptiles in general. Considering the lack of information on its diet and the conservation interest of the Selvagens gecko, we used morphological and DNA metabarcoding approaches to characterize its diet. The traditional method of morphological identification of prey remains in faecal pellets collected over a longer period was compared with metabarcoding of samples collected during rapid surveys. Molecular results revealed that this species is a generalist, feeding on invertebrate, plant and vertebrate items, whereas the morphological approaches were unable to detect the latter two. These results opened up new questions on the ecological role of the Selvagens gecko that deserves to be further explored, such as the possible predation on seabirds, plant services or trophic competition with the sympatric Madeira lizard Teira dugesii. Metabarcoding identified a greater diversity of dietary items at higher taxonomic resolution, but morphological identification enabled calculation of relative abundances and biomasses of ingested arthropods, and detected a dietary shift on invertebrate preys between seasons. Results of this study highlight the global applicability of rapid metabarcoding surveys for understudied taxa on remote islands that are difficult to access. We recommend using the metabarcoding approach, even if ‘speedy’ sampling only is possible, but we must highlight that disregarding long-term ecological data may lead to ‘hasty’ conclusion.
Symmetry systems on the wings ofDichromodesGuenée (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) are unconstrained by venation
Authors: Schachat Sandra R.
Published: January 2020

The nymphalid groundplan, an idealized schematic illustrating the essential elements of butterfly wing patterns, predicts a consistent relationship between color pattern and wing venation. Moths in the family Geometridae have wing shapes and patterns that often resemble those of butterflies, and until recently, this family was believed to be among butterflies’ closest relatives. However, an examination of the geometrid genusDichromodesGuenée, 1858 shows no consistent relationship between the central symmetry system and wing venation. Whereas the distal edge of the central symmetry system is predicted to reach the costal margin proximal to the Subcostal vein in butterflies and acronictine moths, it has no consistent relationship with the Subcostal, Radius, or Radial Sector 1 veins inDichromodes. This finding highlights developmental diversity that was previously overlooked due to the overwhelming preference for butterflies in studies of lepidopteran wing patterns.