bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A national survey of skin health in nursing personnel
Authors: Parsons V , Oxley G , Hines J , Gallagher R , Sunley K , Fellows Caroline , Hodgkinson M , Ormandy K , Gould D
Published: March 2022

Background

Hand dermatitis is a well-established occupational risk in nursing staff.

Aims

To explore skin health in nursing staff and to develop resources and recommendations to promote good skincare at work.

Methods

Cross-sectional survey.

Results

We analysed data from 1,545 surveys. Forty-six percent reported ‘poor’ skin health and the majority (93%) experienced at least one skin problem over the previous 12 months, with only 22% seeking help from their employer. Only 2% took time off work due to skin problems, with many expressing concerns that taking sick leave would be viewed negatively by others. Over half (53%) had reduced or stopped using antibacterial rubs and soap, and 18% had reduced the use of gloves. Most respondents used hand cream and over half used products they had purchased themselves. Only 42% received skin health care information from employers, with fewer (26%) receiving training on how to identify early signs of skin disease. Only 16% had access to skin surveillance in line with regulatory requirements. Only 26% of respondents were aware of the support offered by their professional nursing association. Suggestions for improving skin health included increasing publicity concerning the importance of skin health in healthcare settings, improving access to hand creams, better quality products, enhanced education and training and more involvement from Occupational Health (OH).

Conclusions

Results confirm that poor skin health remains a persistent problem for nurses. Employers could do more to promote skin health and nurses need to be made more aware of the support and guidance offered by professional bodies.
Effect of booster vaccination against Delta and Omicron variants in Iceland
Authors: Norddahl Gudmundur L , Melsted Pall , Gunnarsdottir Kristbjorg , Halldorsson Gisli H , Olafsdottir Thorunn A , Gylfason Arnaldur , Kristjansson Mar , Magnusson Olafur T , Sulem Patrick , Gudbjartsson Daniel F , Thorsteinsdottir Unnur , Jonsdottir Ingileif , Stefansson Kari
Published: March 2022

By the end of July 2021, the majority of the Icelandic population had received vaccination against COVID-19. In mid-July a wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections, dominated by the delta variant, spread through the population, followed by an omicron wave in December. A booster vaccination campaign was initiated to curb the spread of the virus. We estimated the risk of infection for different vaccine combinations using vaccination data from 276,028 persons and 963,557 qPCR tests for 277,687 persons. We measured anti-Spike-RBD antibody levels and ACE2-Spike binding inhibitory activity in 371 persons who received one of four recommended vaccination schedules with or without an mRNA vaccine booster. Overall, we found different antibody levels and inhibitory activity between recommended vaccination schedules, which was reflected in the observed risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections. We observed an increased protection following mRNA boosters, against both omicron and delta variant infections, although BNT162b2 boosters provided greater protection against omicron than mRNA-1273 boosters.
Common and distinct cortico-striatal volumetric changes in cocaine and heroin use disorder
Authors: Ceceli Ahmet O , Huang Yuefeng , Kronberg Greg , Malaker Pias , Miller Pazia , King Sarah , Gaudreault Pierre-Olivier , McClain Natalie , Gabay Lily , Vasa Devarshi , Ekin Defne , Alia-Klein Nelly , Goldstein Rita Z
Published: March 2022

Drugs of abuse impact cortico-striatal dopaminergic targets and their morphology across substance types in common and unique ways. While the dorsal striatum drives addiction severity across drug classes, opiates impact ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) neuroplasticity in preclinical models, and psychostimulants alter inhibitory control, rooted in cortical regions such as the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). We hypothesized parallel gray matter volume (GMV) changes in individuals with cocaine or heroin use disorder (CUD/HUD): decreased GMV of vmPFC/NAcc in HUD and IFG in CUD, and putamen GMV to be associated with addiction severity. We quantified GMV in age/sex/IQ-matched individuals with CUD (n=20; 5 women), HUD (n=20; 6 women), and healthy controls (HC; n=20; 5 women), further replicated in an extended sample (combined n=96). Overall, addicted individuals had smaller vmPFC volumes than HC (p<0.05-corrected), driven by HUD (p<0.05-corrected; similar NAcc reduction). Right IFG reductions were specifically evident in CUD vs. HUD (p<0.05-corrected). Posterior putamen volume increased as a function of craving in CUD vs. HUD (p<0.05-corrected). These results indicate compression of dopamine-innervated regions (in the vmPFC and NAcc) across cocaine- or heroin-addicted individuals, more severely in the latter. For the first time we demonstrate IFG compression specifically in CUD. This group also showed a unique association between craving and increased putamen volume, together indicating a signature of enhanced cue-sensitivity and habit formation. Results suggest common and substance-specific morphometry volumetric changes in human psychostimulant or opiate addiction, with implications for fine-tuning biomarker and treatment identification by primary drug of abuse.
In vitro potency of combinatorial antifungal drugs towards Candida isolates from patients
Authors: Agarwal Sakshi , Parida Smitanjali , Jadoun Bhuvnesvri , Patel Shreya N , Moolchandani Sumit , Puniyani Himanshu , Pandey Raviranjan Kumar , Mathur Mandvi , Shrivastava Sandeep K , Kalra Aakanksha
Published: March 2022

Candidiasis is a fungal infection (mycosis) caused by an opportunistic yeast with only 8-10 pathogenic species. In spite of the multiple classes of antifungal drugs available to combat these infections, the treatment is hampered by drug toxicity, tolerability, emergence of drug resistant isolates and many more. Combination therapy has been suggested as a possible approach to improve these treatment outcomes. This study is, therefore, aimed at the analysis of the sensitivity of Candida isolates obtained from patients towards different classes of drugs affecting multiple pathways in the pathogen life cycle. Four different individual drugs with different mechanisms of action and six different combinations of these drugs at three different proportions (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) were used for the study. All the drug sensitivity assays were performed by the agar well diffusion method. The results were statistically analyzed using Prism software. Results have shown synergistic effects of drug combinations on the sensitivity of the isolates without much variation in the stoichiometric ratios, thereby providing an alternative to monotherapy to combat the emergence of drug resistant isolates and drying existing drug pipelines.
EphB1 controls proper long-range cortical axon guidance through a cell non-autonomous role in GABAergic cells
Authors: Assali Ahlem , Chenaux George , Cho Jennifer Y. , Berto Stefano , Ehrlich Nathan A. , Cowan Christopher W.
Published: March 2022

EphB1 is required for proper guidance of cortical axon projections during brain development, but how EphB1 regulates this process remains unclear. We show here thatEphB1 conditional knockout (cKO) in GABAergic cells (Vgat-Cre orDlx1/2-Cre), but not in cortical excitatory neurons (Emx1-Cre), reproduced the cortical axon guidance defects observed in globalEphB1KO mice. Interestingly, inEphB1cKOVgatmice, the misguided axon bundles contained comingled striatal GABAergic and somatosensory cortical glutamatergic axons. In wildtype mice, somatosensory axons also co-fasciculated with striatal axons notably in the globus pallidus, suggesting that a subset of glutamatergic cortical axons normally follows long-range GABAergic axons to reach their targets. Surprisingly, the ectopic axons inEphB1KO mice were juxtaposed to major blood vessels. However, conditional loss ofEphB1in endothelial cells (Tie2-Cre), or in mural and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (Cspg4-Cre) did not produce the axon guidance defects, suggesting that EphB1 in GABAergic neurons normally promotes avoidance of these ectopic axons from following the developing vasculature. Together, our data reveal a new role for EphB1 in GABAergic neurons to influence proper cortical glutamatergic axon guidance during brain development.
Labeling of DNA Probes by Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Green Michael R. , Sambrook Joseph
Published: March 2022

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to produce both nonradiolabeled DNA probes and radiolabeled DNA probes with high specific activity. In this protocol, PCR is used to generate double-stranded probes. Related methods, including the generation of asymmetric probes by PCR, are also discussed.
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of dimethyl 3,3′-{[(1E,2E)-ethane-1,2-diylidene]bis(azanylylidene)}bis(4-methylbenzoate)
Authors: Yeşilbağ Semanur , Çınar Emine Berrin , Dege Necmi , Ağar Erbil , Saif Eiad
Published: March 2022

The title Schiff base compound, C20H20N2O4, synthesized by the condensation reaction of methyl 3-amino-4-methylbenzoat and glyoxal in ethanol, crystallizes in the the monoclinic space group P21/n. The molecule is Z-shaped with the C—N—C—C torsion angle being 47.58 (18)°. In the crystal, pairs of molecules are linked via C—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming centrosymetric dimers with an R
2
2(8) ring motif; this connectivity leads to the formation of columns running along the a-axis direction. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots were used to explore the intermolecular interactions and revealed that the most significant contributions to the crystal packing are from H...H (49.4%), H...O/O...H (19.0%) and H...C/C...H (17.5%) contacts. Energy frameworks were constructed through different intermolecular interaction energies to investigate the stability of the compound. The net interaction energies for the title compound were found to be electrostatic (E
ele = −48.4 kJ mol−1), polarization (E
pol = −9.7 kJ mol−1), dispersion (E
dis = −186.9 kJ mol−1) and repulsion (E
rep = 94.9 kJ mol−1) with a total interaction energy, E
tot, of −162.4 kJ mol−1.
Tetranuclear copper(II) complex of 2-hydroxy-N,N′-bis[1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]propane-1,3-diamine
Authors: Diallo Alassane Saïdou , Thiam Ibrahima Elhadji , Gueye-Ndiaye Mbossé , Dieng Moussa , Orton James , Simon Coles , Gaye Mohamed
Published: March 2022

The title molecular structure, namely, (μ3-acetato)(μ2-acetato)bis(μ3-1,3-bis{[1-(2-oxidophenyl)ethylidene]amino}propan-2-olato)tetracopper(II) monohydrate, [Cu4(C19H19N2O3)2(CH3CO2)2]·H2O, corresponds to a non-symmetric tetranuclear copper complex. The complex exhibits one ligand molecule that connects two copper CuII metal centres via its ethanolato oxygen anion acting in a μ2-mode and one ligand molecule that connects three copper CuII metal centres via its ethanolato oxygen anion acting in a μ3-mode. One bridging acetate group acting in an η1:η1-μ2-mode connects two copper(II) ions while another bridging acetate group connects three copper(II) ions in an η1:-η2-μ3-mode. A chair-like Cu3O3 structure is generated in which the two CuO4N units are connected by one μ2-O ethanolate oxygen atom. These two units are connected respectively to the CuO3N unit via one μ3-O ethanolate oxygen atom and one μ2-O atom from an acetate group. The μ3-O atom also connects one of the CuO4N units and the CuO3N unit to another CuO3N unit, which is out of the chair-like structure. Each of the two pentacoordinated CuII cations has a distorted NO4 square-pyramidal environment. The geometry of each of the two CuNO3 units is best described as a slightly square-planar environment. A series of intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds is observed. In the crystal, the units are connected by intermolecular C—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds, thus forming sheets parallel to the ac plane
Barriers to incorporation of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) principles into building designs
Authors: Afful Aba Essanowa , Ayarkwa Joshua , Acquah Godwin Kojo Kumi , Osei-Asibey Dickson , Osei Assibey Ama Antwi Darkwah
Published: March 2022

Purpose

This research presents a comprehensive review of the literature on the barriers to incorporating indoor environmental quality (IEQ) principles into building designs. The aim was to identify these barriers in the literature and subsume them under broad categories for the development of a framework showing the interrelationships among the barriers.

Design/methodology/approach

The research design used a systematic desktop review which comprised of three levels of screening. The first level allowed for a broad selection of papers; the second level of screening was done to limit the results to papers within the construction industry, and the third level of screening limited the documents strictly to the publication period of 2000–2021.

Findings

Twenty-four (24) barriers were identified in the literature, including lack of integrated design teams, which ranked the highest in appearance, high initial costs, poor market for IEQ buildings and higher design charges among others. The identified barriers were classified into six (6) categories namely capacity barriers, economic barriers, process-related barriers, cultural barriers, client-related barriers and steering barriers.

Practical implications

The findings of this study would enable practitioners and policymakers to better understand what is preventing the widespread adoption of IEQ designs in the built environment and devise actionable strategies to overcome them. It adds to the body of knowledge on IEQ research by categorizing the various barriers that prevent the delivery of IEQ projects.

Social implications

The developed barriers in this research can serve as a useful checklist to future researchers who may want to validate the barriers to IEQ designs in empirical studies and in different settings.

Originality/value

The interconnectivity revealed by the web-like framework allows for an appreciation of the various barriers of IEQ adoption which would help in expanding the current knowledge on IEQ beyond the narrow scope of isolated barriers. The fact that the papers selected in this study are not limited geographically, underscores the wide applicability of the findings in the global construction industry.
Communality in microbial stress response and differential metabolic interactions revealed by time‐series analysis of sponge symbionts
Authors: Taylor Jessica A. , Díez‐Vives Cristina , Nielsen Shaun , Wemheuer Bernd , Thomas Torsten
Published: March 2022

The diversity and function of sponge‐associated symbionts is now increasingly understood; however, we lack an understanding of how they dynamically behave to ensure holobiont stability in the face of environmental variation. Here, we performed a metatransciptomic analysis on three microbial symbionts of the sponge Cymbastela concentrica in situ over 14 months and through differential gene expression and correlation analysis to environmental variables uncovered differences that speak to their metabolic activities and level of symbiotic and environmental interactions. The nitrite‐oxidizing Ca. Porinitrospira cymbastela maintained a seemingly stable metabolism, with the few differentially expressed genes related only to stress responses. The heterotrophic Ca. Porivivens multivorans displayed differential use of holobiont‐derived compounds and respiration modes, while the ammonium‐oxidizing archaeon Ca. Nitrosopumilus cymbastelus differentially expressed genes related to phosphate metabolism and symbiosis effectors. One striking similarity between the symbionts was their similar variation in expression of stress‐related genes. Our time‐series study showed that the microbial community of C. concentrica undertakes dynamic gene expression adjustments in response to the surroundings, tuned to deal with general stress and metabolic interactions between holobiont members. The success of these dynamic adjustments likely underpins the stability of the sponge holobiont and may provide resilience against environmental change.
Of Mumps and Men: Masculinity and the Severity of a Vaccine Preventable Disease in Western Medicine, 1760s–1960s
Authors: Conis Elena
Published: March 2022

This article, based on an analysis of English language medical literature on mumps’ manifestation in men, women and children from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century, examines the role of gender in shaping conceptualisations of mumps’ severity and medical significance. Over time, gendered social roles undermined the medical notion of mumps as a severe disease of women while elevating mumps’ reputation as a severe and significant disease of men, eventually casting the disease as a threat to masculinity. When the modern mumps vaccine was commercialised in the 1960s, its development built on a long history of gendered conceptualisations of mumps and its use cast children as safeguards of a legacy of masculine citizenship defined by military activity and fatherhood.
Population density modulates insect progenitive plasticity through the regulation of dopamine biosynthesis
Authors: Liu Kai , Yuan Longyu , Yue Lei , Chen Weiwen , Kang Kui , Lv Jun , Zhang Wenqing , Pang Rui
Published: March 2022

Insect fecundity is a quantitative phenotype strongly affected by genotypes and the environment. However, interactions between genotypes and environmental factors in modulating insect fecundity remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of population density on the fecundity of Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper; BPH) carrying homozygous high‐ (HFG) or low‐ (LFG) fecundity homozygous genotypes. Under low population densities, the fecundity and population growth rate of both genotypes showed similar increasing trends across generations, while the trends between HFG and LFG under high population densities were opposite. Through a combination of temporal analysis and weighted gene co‐expression network analyses on RNA‐seq data of HFG and LFG under low and high population densities in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th generations, we identified 2 gene modules that were associated with these density‐dependent progenitive phenotypes. Four pathways related to the neural system were simultaneously enriched by the 2 gene modules. Furthermore, Nlpale, which encodes a tyrosine hydroxylase, was identified as a key gene. The RNA interference of this gene and manipulation of its downstream product dopamine significantly affected the basic and density‐dependent progenitive phenotypes of BPH. These findings indicated that dopamine biosynthesis is the key regulatory factor that determines fecundity in response to density changes in different BPH genotypes. Thus, this study provides insights into the interaction of a typical environmental factor and insect genotype during the process of population regulation.
The effect of low‐level laser on the quality of dentin barrier after capping with bioceramic material: A histomorphometric analysis
Authors: Alharbi Hanan , Khalil Wafaa , Alsofi Loai , Binmadi Nada , Elnahas Ayman
Published: March 2022

The study aims to investigate the quality of dentin barriers and pulp reaction to EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) combined with low‐level laser application. In eight dogs, pulps were exposed via class V, half of the samples received low‐level diode laser at 870 nm. Thereafter, cavities were capped with fast‐set or regular‐set ERRM. The specimens were processed for histomorphological and immunohistochemical examination after 2 weeks and 2 months. Dentin bridges were observed in all samples, and 87.5% were complete. The low‐level laser group had significantly more reparative dentin area than the non‐lased group (p < 0.05). The dentin bridges were found to have an unprecedented tubularity of 43%–89%. Tiny dentin island formation was observed within the material particles. Initial mild‐to‐moderate inflammatory reactions were observed, which subsided after 2 months. RUNX2 and osteocalcin staining were evident for all samples at both time intervals. Low‐level laser combined with bioactive ERRM is effective in inducing reparative dentin formation.
Clinical outcome of intrauterine administration of peripheral mononuclear cells or human chorionic gonadotropin in unexplained implantation failure
Authors: Mei Jie , Yan Yuan , Jiang Ruyv , Zhu Ying‐chun , Ding Lijun , Sun Haixiang
Published: March 2022

Problem

Intrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been proposed to facilitate embryo implantation, while its effect on clinical outcome of women with previous implantation failure (RIF) in frozen/thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles is still unclear.

Method of study

A total 523 patients having not experienced successful clinical pregnancy were enrolled in our study, including 207 repeat implantation failure (RIF) patients, and 316 patients with previous implantation failures but failed to meet the diagnostic criteria for RIF (non‐RIF). Autologous PBMCs were cultured with hCG for 4 h in the hCG‐activated PBMC‐treated group (n = 73 in RIF patients, n = 112 in non‐RIF patients), and then intrauterine administered 2 days before FET. In the hCG‐treated group (n = 67 in RIF patients, n = 100 in non‐RIF patients), recombinant hCG was administered 2 days before FET. The control group (n = 67 in RIF patients, n = 104 in non‐RIF patients) underwent FET without intrauterine administration.

Results

In RIF patients, the clinical pregnancy rate of the above three groups are 56.16%, 53.73%, and 43.28%, respectively (p = .276). The implantation rate and live birth rate showed no significant differences (p > .05). For non‐RIF patients, higher clinical pregnancy rate was also seen in PBMC intrauterine group (57.15%) and hCG intrauterine group (58.00%) than controls (50.96%) but without statistical significance. There were no significant differences of implantation rate and live birth rate (p > .05).

Conclusion

Intrauterine administration of hCG‐activated PBMC and hCG did not improve clinical outcomes for both RIF and non‐RIF patients before FET embryo transfer.
Incidence of brachial plexus injury with concurrent subclavian or axillary vascular injury and its influence on reconstruction
Authors: Ferris Scott , Chan Marion , Miller George
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Brachial plexus reconstruction with free functional muscle transfers (FFMT) has become a reliable tool in the armamentarium of brachial plexus surgeon (Potter and Ferris, The Journal of hand surgery, European volume, 2017, 42,693–9). The successful execution of performing FFMT relies on favourable motor nerves for coaptation and appropriate vessels for microvascular anastomoses. Due to shared traumatic aetiology, subclavian and axillary vascular injury (SAVI) can coexist with the brachial plexus palsy and may pose a surgical dilemma with such FFMT execution.

Method

We performed a retrospective study of 100 consecutive patients who presented to our hospital with brachial plexus injury over a 10‐year period. Patient records were reviewed for concomitant SAVI and subsequent treatment that was required for both vascular (SAVI) and brachial plexus injuries (BPI).

Results

Concomitant BPI and SAVI occurred in 27% of patients. Open injuries predicted significantly higher rates of SAVI as well as complete plexus palsy. Complete plexus palsy was associated at a higher rate in the SAVI group compared to the non‐SAVI group.

Conclusion

Coexistence of SAVI and BPI is frequent. Complete plexus palsy and SAVI are more common in open injuries in this study. Complete plexus palsy is the most common indication for FFMT in BPI. Surgical execution of FFMT is more challenging in the setting of previous SAVI and requires careful consideration of the microsurgical plan. We recommend that all patients with previous SAVI or potential need for FFMT in this setting undergo vascular imaging at the time of acute injury and prior to any free flap reconstructive procedures.
Characterization of volumetric growth of intracranial meningiomas in Māori and Pasifika populations in New Zealand
Authors: Davis Brendan , Beldishevski‐Shotadze Otari , Ibrahim Zaid , McHugh Frances , Turner Clinton , Olson Sarah , Faull Richard , Dragunow Mike , Law Andrew J. J. , Correia Jason A.
Published: March 2022

Background

Māori and Pasifika populations in New Zealand have a higher incidence and prevalence of intracranial meningioma (IM). We sought to evaluate the volumetric growth rate of meningiomas under surveillance in these populations.

Methods

From July 2002 to October 2020, 336 patients with a total of 408 IM underwent conservative management with serial radiological surveillance at Auckland City Hospital and met the criteria for the study.

Inclusion criteria included: age >16 at diagnosis, ≥2 appropriate scans one or more years apart. Exclusion criteria included previous cranial irradiation, a diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis and prior treatment of meningioma.

Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the electronic medical records. Imaging data were recorded from the first and last scans. We utilized open‐source image processing software (3D Slicer) for semi‐automated segmentation and volume calculation. Consistent with previous literature, we calculated the relative growth rate (RGR, %/year) and annual volume change (AVC, cm3/year) over time.

Results

Four hundred and eight meningiomas were volumetrically characterized for a mean duration of 6.2 years. The Māori and Pasifika populations (n = 134/393) demonstrated a higher RGR (31.41 versus 14.33%/year) (P = 0.026) and AVC (2.05 versus 0.95 cm3) (P = 0.025) compared to the control population. They also presented at a younger age and had a higher rate of tumour multiplicity. Males represented only 17.6% of the cohort but exhibited a higher growth rate (AVC = 2.52 cm3/year) than females (AVC = 0.99 cm3/year) (P = 0034).

Conclusions

Māori and Pasifika populations in New Zealand have a higher incidence and volumetric growth rate of IM compared to a control population. This warrants further clinical, histopathological and genomic analysis.
Evaluation of centrifugal blood pump performances for biventricular support in the virtual simulation model
Authors: Kuroda Taiyo , Miyamoto Takuma , Horvath Dennis W. , Miyagi Chihiro , Horvath David J. , Polakowski Anthony R. , Fukamachi Kiyotaka , Karimov Jamshid H.
Published: March 2022

Background

Despite the advances in the left ventricular assist device (LVAD), there are still situations that require a biventricular assist device (BVAD) system. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare the system performance interactions with the HeartMate3 (HM3) and HeartWare (HVAD) in a BVAD configuration using the virtual mock loop (VML) simulation tool.

Methods

The VML simulation tool is an in silico implementation of a lumped parameter model of the cardiovascular system with mechanical circulatory support. Patients with ejection fractions of 60%, 20%, and 15% were simulated in VML, and the HVAD and HM3 in a BVAD with ventricular cannulation were applied to simulated conditions. Pump speeds that restored baseline normal hemodynamics were determined. To determine the optimal speeds for BVAD, the left and right arterial pressures (LAP, RAP) were plotted.

Results

In the HVAD, LAP and RAP are balanced at 11 mm Hg with LVAD 3500 rpm, right ventricular assist device (RVAD) 2200 rpm; at 13 mm Hg with LVAD 3000 rpm, RVAD 1700 rpm; and at 14 mm Hg with LVAD 2500 rpm, RVAD 1300 rpm. For the HM3, at 8 mm Hg with LVAD 7000 rpm, RVAD 5000 rpm; at 9 mm Hg with LVAD 6000 rpm, RVAD 4300 rpm; and at 9.5 mm Hg with LVAD 5000 rpm, RVAD 3500 rpm.

Conclusion

The RVAD/LVAD speed ratios required for atrial balance were approximately 0.6 for the HVAD and 0.7 for the HM3. However, the HVAD required RVAD speeds below its range of operation.
How does chronic burnout affect dealing with weekly job demands? A test of central propositions in JD‐R and COR‐theories
Authors: Bakker Arnold B. , Xanthopoulou Despoina , Demerouti Evangelia
Published: March 2022

This study uses job demands–resources and conservation of resources theories to propose that chronic levels of job burnout may aggravate the positive relationship of weekly job demands with week‐level burnout symptoms, dysfunctional coping, and self‐undermining. Specifically, we hypothesize that weekly job demands (workload and emotional demands) relate positively to maladaptive behaviors through weekly burnout symptoms, particularly when chronic burnout is higher (vs. lower). We collected data among 84 employees from various occupational sectors, who first filled out a general survey, and then completed weekly diary surveys every Friday, for five consecutive weeks (total n = 415 occasions). Results of multilevel analyses generally supported the hypotheses. Weekly job demands were positively related to weekly burnout and self‐undermining only when employees scored higher on chronic burnout. Moreover, as predicted, the results showed that job demands were most strongly related to dysfunctional coping and self‐undermining through weekly burnout symptoms for individuals higher (vs. lower) in chronic burnout. These findings highlight the interplay between weekly job demands and chronic burnout in the process of resource loss.
Revisiting goodness of fit in the cultural context: Moving forward from post hoc explanations
Authors: Dong Shuyang , Dubas Judith Semon , Deković Maja
Published: March 2022

The goodness‐of‐fit model, which proposes that developmental outcomes result from combinations of environmental and children’s factors, has contributed substantially to the recognition of person × environment processes. However, which pattern of person × environment interactions characterizes this model remains unclear, making it difficult to test or compare with other models (e.g., the differential‐susceptibility model). In this article, we offer solutions for these issues. We propose that a contrastive effect pattern best summarizes both goodness of fit and poorness of fit. We outline methodological considerations that help determine whether a person × environment interaction supports the goodness‐of‐fit model. We then discuss how person × environment interactions can be culturally specific, an issue aligned with the goodness‐of‐fit model but not other models. We illustrate cultural specificities in socialization‐by‐temperament interactions with evidence from different sociocultural groups. These theoretical and methodological refinements help clarify how person × environment interactions can be interpreted and predicted by the goodness‐of‐fit model.
Contact allergy to and allergic contact dermatitis from formaldehyde and formaldehyde releasers: A clinical review and update
Authors: Goossens An , Aerts Olivier
Published: March 2022

This review aims to provide a clinically useful update regarding the role of formaldehyde (FA) and its five main releasers (FRs) quaternium‐15, diazolidinyl urea, DMDM hydantoin, imidazolidinyl urea, and 2‐bromo‐2‐nitropropane‐1,3‐diol (bronopol) in contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis. These ubiquitous preservatives are still often present, and sometimes undeclared, in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, household detergents, and chemical (industrial) products. In Europe, the use of free FA and quaternium‐15 in cosmetics is forbidden and contact allergy rates have been found to be stable to decreasing. However, FA/FRs still readily provoke localized (eg, facial/hand), airborne, and generalized dermatitis, and may also complicate atopic and stasis dermatitis, or result in nummular dermatitis. Seborrheic‐, rosacea‐ and impetigo‐like dermatitis have recently been reported. For a correct diagnosis, FA 2% aq. (0.60 mg/cm2) should be used, and particularly the FRs bronopol 0.5% pet. and diazolidinyl urea 2% pet. should be patch tested separately in a baseline series. If sensitization to FA occurs, both FA and FRs should preferably be avoided, except perhaps for bronopol in case it tests negatively. If a patient reacts to one or more FRs (such as bronopol or diazolidinyl/imidazolidinyl urea), but not to FA, then the specific FR(s) should be avoided.
Polylysine dendrigraft is able to differentially impact Cutibacterium acnes strains preventing acneic skin
Authors: Attia‐Vigneau Joan , Barreau Magalie , Le Toquin Esther , Feuilloley Marc G.J. , Loing Estelle , Lesouhaitier Olivier
Published: March 2022

With a view to reducing the impact of Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) on acne vulgaris, it now appears interesting to modify the balance between acneic and non‐acneic strains of C. acnes using moderate approach. In the present study, we identified that a G2 dendrigraft of lysine dendrimer (G2 dendrimer) was able to modify membrane fluidity and biofilm formation of a C. acnes acneic strain (RT5), whereas it appeared no or less active on a C. acnes non‐acneic strain (RT6). Moreover, skin ex vivo data indicated that the G2 is able to decrease inflammation (IL1α and TLR‐2) and improve skin desquamation after of C. acnes acneic strains colonization. Then, in vivo data confirmed, after C. acnes quantification by metagenomic analysis that the G2 cream after 28 days of treatment was able to increase the diversity of C. acnes strains versus placebo cream. The data also showed a modification of the balance expression between C. acnes phylotype IA1 and phylotype II abundances. Taken together, the results confirm the interest of using soft compounds in cosmetic product for modifying phylotype abundances and diversity of C. acnes strains could be a new strategy for prevent acne vulgaris outbreak.
Bias‐driven marketing that instigates pledging to a crowdfunding campaign: An experimental consideration of behavioral anomalies
Authors: Panneerselvam Theerthaana , Joe Arun C.
Published: March 2022

Bias‐driven marketing leverages the behavioral biases of investors for greater marketing gains. To transform cognitively biased individuals from antagonists into allies, the marketers need to decipher the critical crowdfunding attributes, which ultimately motivate behaviorally biased crowdfunders to invest in crowdfunding campaigns. Hence, this study seeks to investigate the influential factors concerning four behavioral biases that accelerate crowdfunding adoption. A conceptual model, parameterized using conjoint analysis, is developed and administered in an agent‐based behavior model to effectively determine the influential crowdfunding attributes, which will induce the biased investors to adopt crowdfunding. The results revealed that status quo biased individuals adopted the crowdfunding campaign when launched by well‐known and reputed fund raisers. Whereas, hyperbolic discounting bias accelerated the adoption when the campaign reached more than 75% of subscription and duration was lesser than 30 days. The results also indicated that framing bias enhanced the adoption when the risk inherent in the project is disclosed. Finally, the results also claimed that individuals liable to loss aversion bias expected a known funder, who posts frequent updates and preferred the All‐or‐Nothing crowdfunding model. The experimental results of the study provide insights to the marketers that crowdfunding campaigns can be successfully strategized through the exploration of underlying cognitive biases and the corresponding motivational cues that accentuate the pledging behavior of the funders. Given the importance of an effective marketing strategy in crowdfunding adoption, this study offers one such recommendation to the crowdfunding campaigners by demonstrating how bias driven marketing strategy enhances the adoption rate of the campaigns. With the strong pieces of evidence obtained from this study, it is anticipated that behavioral biases, drawn from the neuromarketing theory, will no longer be viewed as cognitive errors from the investor's perspective. Rather, it will be viewed as a boon from the marketer's perspective as the bias‐based marketing strategies have the potential to achieve a fully subscribed crowdfunding campaign.
Alternative protein consumption: A systematic review and future research directions
Authors: Nguyen July , Ferraro Carla , Sands Sean , Luxton Sandra
Published: March 2022

Marketing plays a critical role in addressing macro‐level societal problems, one of which relates to the reduction of meat consumption and increased consumption of alternative proteins. Such consumption practices are gaining attention given the rising concerns about food sustainability, safety, security, nutrition, and animal welfare. This paper provides a framework‐based systematic review of alternative protein consumption research, identifying relevant articles published between 2000 and 2020. Our framework combines the socio‐ecological model and capability, opportunity, and motivation model of behavior (COM‐B) to identify the various factors influencing alternative protein consumption. Antecedents – facilitators and barriers – of alternative protein consumption are organized, synthesized, and discussed using this combined model of behavioral influence. Our review outlines methodological approaches, identifies main variables of interest, highlights the opportunity for further theoretical development, and identifies gaps in research related to individual‐level opportunities and system‐level motivations. We conclude with theoretical, contextual, and methodological directions for marketing and consumer research to better understand and shape decisions and practices regarding the consumption of alternative proteins.
Plate Objective Scoring Tool: A new preoperative indicator of penile curvature degree in children with distal hypospadias
Authors: Abbas Tariq O , Hatem Mohamed , Chandra Prem
Published: March 2022

Objectives

There is an unmet need for preoperative methods that surgeons can use to objectively quantify hypospadias anatomic variables and determine risk of penile curvature. We, therefore, assessed whether Plate Objective Scoring Tool measurements were correlated with degree of ventral curvature in affected children.

Methods

Patients undergoing distal hypospadias repair were enrolled into the study between January 2018 and December 2020 and were categorized independently by at least two surgeons using Plate Objective Scoring Tool. Scores were compared statistically to determine the degree of ventral curvature and requirement for correction.

Results

Sixty‐five patients with a median age of 18 months (interquartile range 13–26) were enrolled into the study prior to surgery for primary distal hypospadias. Patient probability of significant postoperative curvature (>20°) was determined with moderate confidence using a cutoff Plate Objective Scoring Tool score of 1 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 60%). Presurgery Plate Objective Scoring Tool scores were negatively correlated with subsequent degree of curvature (r = −0.37, P = 0.003), with values <1.0 predicting >20° curvature.

Conclusions

Plate Objective Scoring Tool scoring offers a succinct method of describing hypospadias severity and correlates well with postoperative outcomes. The Plate Objective Scoring Tool system can therefore be used to objectively predict the likelihood of penile curvature and aid communication between surgeons and researchers, as well as improving parental counseling.
Reconsidering the nexus between monetary policy and economic growth in Nigeria: The role of interest rate, money supply, and financial inclusion
Authors: Iorember Paul Terhemba , Jelilov Gylych , Alymkulova Nargiza , Yua Paul Mkuma
Published: March 2022

The empirical evidence on the nexus between monetary policy and economic growth remains ambiguous with mixed and differing results, depending on the country's characteristics, the choice of monetary policy variables employed, and recently, the place of financial inclusion in monetary policy formulation and transmission mechanism. This study explores the nexus between monetary policy and economic growth in Nigeria while accounting for the roles of interest rate, money supply, and financial inclusion over a base period of 2004q1 to 2020q4 and a projected period of 30 quarters. Using the dynamic simulation autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, the study finds that in the short run, only the effect of money supply on economic growth is statistically significant. However, in the long run, interest rate, money supply, and financial inclusion have statistically significant effects on economic growth. The results are supported by the plots of the dynamic simulated ARDL, where economic growth response is predicted at various time periods after forcing a ±1% change (positive and negative shocks) in interest rate, money supply, and financial inclusion. We, therefore, recommend among other things an aggressive financial inclusion strategy with clearly defined deliverables and timelines to reduce the percentage of persons excluded from the formal financial system.
Playing is just the beginning: Social learning dynamics in game communities of inquiry
Authors: Gandolfi Enrico
Published: March 2022

Background

Online game communities are inhabited by millions of players daily with relevant learning opportunities and dynamics. However, little efforts have been done for exploring their potential.

Objectives

The goal of this study is to explore if and how social learning processes are occurring in online game communities.

Methods

n = 480 adult players completed a questionnaire including demographics, game community habits, and the game community of inquiry scale. Results were analysed by referring to social learning theory's processes and factors.

Results and Conclusions

Online game communities provide relevant instances of social learning, with an emphasis on soft skills and application to off‐game contexts. Moreover, the more a community is inclusive and supporting, the more individuals learn and benefit from it from a cognitive perspective.

Major takeaways

This study provides a wide overview of the processes through which players observe, filter, and reproduce behaviours from their game communities of reference. Moreover, findings point at which malleable factors should be considered for facilitate this social learning dynamic, which are active participation, community receptiveness, and being aware of the learning process itself.
The optimal duration of capecitabine plus temozolomide in patients with well‐differentiated pancreatic NETs with or without maintenance therapy
Authors: Gao Heli , Dong Jia , Zhang Wuhu , Xu Huaxiang , Ye Longyun , Li Hao , Wang Wenquan , Liu Liang , Yu Xianjun
Published: March 2022

Background

The optimal duration of capecitabine combined with temozolomide (CapTem) for metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PanNETs) remains controversial. The present study aimed to assess the activity and safety of prolonged CapTem and Cap maintenance therapy in patients with metastatic PanNETs.

Methods

Retrospective real‐world data of 94 patients with metastatic PanNETs were obtained from one cancer centre. Fifteen patients were treated with Cap maintenance therapy after fixed 12–13 cycles of CapTem (group I), 44 patients were treated with prolonged CapTem until disease progression (group II), and 35 patients were treated with fixed 12–13 cycles of CapTem (group III).

Results

The mean ± SE follow‐up period was 41.79 ± 26.31 months. The median CapTem treatment duration was 12 months in group I and 14 months in group II. The median time to best partial response was 12 months both in groups I and group II. The objective response rates of groups I and II were significantly higher than those of group III (73.3%, 41.9%, and 20%, respectively, p = .002). The median progression‐free survival (mPFS) of group I and group II was significantly higher than that of group III (35 months, 26 months vs. 19 months, p < .001). Safety analysis of the three groups indicated rare events of grade 3–4 toxicities, with nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and anaemia being the most common adverse effects.

Conclusions

Patients with PanNETs who responded well to CapTem treatment may benefit from prolonged CapTem and Cap maintenance therapy after fixed cycles. Prospective studies are encouraged to further explore the prolonged CapTem treatment and maintenance therapy.
Pandemics and consumer well‐being: Provenance and research priorities
Authors: Pradhan Debasis
Published: March 2022

This article advances the riveting discussion on how this special issue contributes to the consumer well‐being literature. Specifically, this article endeavors to present an eclectic account of how the pandemics has had a lasting impact on the consumer well‐being, its provenance and future research priorities for academics and practice. First, it briefly discusses the origin and relevance of the evolving issue of consumer well‐being during pandemics. Second, it presents several directions for future research and third, it offers key insights for policymakers. It includes multiple research priorities that present vastly contrasting manifestations of consumer well‐being. This article argues that future research will need to examine the drivers of consumer well‐being during pandemics, the mechanisms that underlie the influence of pandemics on consumer well‐being and the boundary conditions that accentuate/mitigate the influence of pandemic‐induced factors.
Why Do Some Multinational Firms Respond Better Than Others to the Hostility of Host Governments? Proximal Embedding and the Side Effects of Local Partnerships
Authors: Moschieri Caterina , Ravasi Davide , Huy Quy
Published: March 2022

Using a multiple‐case study of alleged expropriations reported before the World Bank, we examine how multinational companies (MNC) react to the escalating hostility of host governments. Our study reveals how different choices regarding the interaction with local nonmarket stakeholders – which we refer to as proximal vs. mediated embedding – shape how managers respond to these disputes by affecting their ability to collect, process and interpret information, and to act upon it in a way that effectively mobilizes local and international support. In contrast to the prevailing view that local partners in international joint ventures shelter MNCs from abuse from political authorities, our findings show that primary reliance on local partners to manage the local nonmarket environment can actually reinforce a liability of outsidership and even create a ‘liability of insidership’, to the extent that relying on local partners prevents the MNC from establishing quality connections with a broad range of nonmarket stakeholders, reducing its alertness and responsiveness to hostile acts from host governments.
What drives trust of the long‐term unemployed in their caseworkers?*
Authors: Wilde Joachim
Published: March 2022

Research about drivers of trust of the long‐term unemployed in their caseworkers is a white spot in the literature. The paper closes this gap using a unique data set. Embedded in a theoretical model at the organizational level a trust game with real long‐term unemployed and caseworkers is evaluated. The results support the social identity theory, i.e. trust in members of the ‘own’ group is higher than trust in members of the ‘other’ group, as well as more traditional explanations of trust. Thus, policy can raise trust using the concept of incentive ethics of the theoretical model.