bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermal nanoimprint lithography of sodium hyaluronate solutions with gas permeable inorganic hybrid mold for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications
Authors: Yamagishi Rio , Miura Sayaka , Yasuda Kaori , Sugino Naoto , Kameda Takao , Kawano Yuki , Yokoyama Yoshiyuki , Takei Satoshi
Published: March 2022

Gas-permeable inorganic hybrid mold that hybridized the surface layer of TiO2–SiO2 gas-permeable polymer using the sol–gel method and the lower layer of porous maraging steel by a metal three-dimensional printer was developed for fluid function materials containing high concentrations of water and volatile solvents. Thermal nanoimprint lithography was used to fabricate the advanced high-resolution needle patterning of sodium hyaluronate containing volatile solvents to broaden the application area of fluid function materials such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
Air Handling Unit Monitoring and Control System Based on Internet of Things
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt., Saied Mustafa , Bassiuny A. M. ,   Dean Faculty of Engineering, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt., Ali A. S. ,   Head of Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
Published: March 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) contributed to developing new concepts of monitoring and control systems for Air Handling Units (AHU). This paper proposes a modification of the traditional temperature monitoring and controlling system in AHU to a system based on the principles of the IoT. This is to take advantage of the features and characteristics of the Internet of things in accessing the system, following it up, and modifying it, Also evaluate the extent of reliance on software instead of hardware if the physical controller is replaced with a cloud controller in terms of data transfer rate and security of communication between the controller and field devices. The proposed system is applied to a real AHU. In the proposed system, the existing traditional temperature sensor and actuator are modified to be connected to the internet. With this modification, data can be received and sent with the IoT platform. So, the physical controller is replaced by a cloud controller on the IoT platform to receive the sensor readings and send the control signals to the actuator. Moreover, it configures a temperature alarm mails system to be sent to the authorized people in case of the temperature value is out of limits. The proposed system gives remote access to display the temperature readings and the controller’s output. Thus, the performance of the system can be monitored with the ability to modify the controller to suit the system’s needs.
Teori Maqashid Syariah Dalam Hukum Islam
Authors: Jalili Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Artikel ini membahas maqashid syariah secara teoritis dengan pendekatan teks yang kemudian dijelaskan secara deskriptif dengan sumber data berupa Al-Quran, hadis dan buku-buku rujukan yang berhubungan dengan masalah dalam peneitian ini. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menguatkan basis teori dari maqashid syariah sehingga menjadi bekal untuk penelitian-penelitian lebih lanjut. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa penguatan teoritis maqashid syariah merupakan sebuah keharusan ditengah-tengah masyarakat saat ini , yang mana kondisi dan keadaan selalu berubah-rubah, oleh sebab itu para mujtahid muslim harus bisa menemukan suatu konteks dari setiap teks yang ada baik al quran maupun al hadis sesuai dengan metode maqashid syariah agar bisa nantinya diaplikasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari ketika menyikapi problematika masa kini, karena memang dalam memahami nas baik quran maupun hadis tidak hanya dengan mengandalkan ilmu bahasa semata, akan tetapi ada faktor-faktor lain yang mendukung dan menentukan hasil dari setiap hukum, maka diperlukannya kontekstualisasi bukan untuk membuat syariat yang baru akan tetapi dalam rangka memberikan kemaslahatan kepada ummat dan tentu dengan tetap berpegang pada prinsip syariat.
Role of Commercial Banks in Financing SMEs: A case study of Oman
Authors: Khan Dr Mohammed Abdul Imran
Published: March 2022

Oman is an oil-producing country and now it is trying to find other ways for generating further income. In the last few years, the Oman government has recognized the importance of SMEs in improving the national economy. Small and medium enterprise plays a key role in the growth and development of a country. This study covers and focused on the role of commercial banks in financing SMEs in Sultanate of Oman in Dhofar banks and Bank Muscat and barriers they face in financing SMEs. This study's findings show the role of Omani banks in providing financial facilities and government support in designing a good structure that enhances the importance of small and medium scale in national economies and provides encouragement and support to them. Each commercial bank should have a specific department responsible only for dealing with small and medium enterprises clients with appropriate methods that suit stated by the bank. Financial support should always be available for SMEs and applying and lending loan process must be easier and more appropriate for the individual.
COMMUNITY PERCEPTION OF OIL RESOURCE OWNERSHIP AND CLIMATE CHANGE DYNAMICS IN THE NIGER DELTA
Authors: EKIYE JOSEPH BIBOWEI
Published: March 2022

The objective of this paper was to investigate and document perception of locals on oil wealth ownership and artisanal refining and their implications on climate change. In addition, the paper explored the local understanding of climate change and willingness for mitigation and adaption in relation to ownership differences between communities and the state. Relying on a single case method triangulated with secondary sources, the research focused on Igbomotoru community in Southern Ijaw Local Government Area of Bayelsa state, through direct observation and surveys. This was analysed with the aid of simple percentage and the Nvivo qualitative method of data analysis. The findings showed that community perception of resource ownership undermines climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts
SHREDDING THE TREES AND COOKING THE LUNGS: A NEO HISTORY OF GREEN CRIME IN PORT HARCOURT
Authors: Akujobi T.C , Odubo T.R , Boroh S. E
Published: March 2022

The study sought to unveil the deficiencies of relevant institutions on the fight against sustainable environmental protection. The study employed the content analysis in examining the efficacy of environmental and urban development laws in Port-Harcourt. The study identified some interplay of politics and economic deprivations as root causes that fosters the perpetuation of the ecosystem been shredded and the impact that cooks up the health and livelihoods of most inhabitants in Port-Harcourt cities
TOWN-CRYING FOR KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION ON CLIMATE CHANGE TO NON-LITERATE RURAL PEOPLE IN NIGERIA
Authors: RAIMI LASISI , BIEH NWOKE NWOKE
Published: March 2022

This paper interrogated the level of climate change education among rural dwellers in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, the paper relied on extensive document review/content analysis for its information as well as the symbolic interactionist perspective as its theoretical framework. A purely qualitative approach was adopted to analyze information gathered from secondary sources. Based on the information gathered and the results arrived at, the paper submits that a significant number of the rural population in Nigeria have very little or no knowledge of climate change and its associated effects. Subsequently, the paper recommendation the use of using town-criers and town-hall engagement sessions to communicate the causes, trends and progress on climate change issues to rural people will extend the frontiers of knowledge in this regard and ensure that more people in the rural areas, especially non-literate ones, become increasingly aware of climate change and the threats it poses to them.
Multi-Target Counting and Localization in Distributed MIMO Radar Based on Energy Modeling and Compressive Sensing
Authors: Zhu Lingxiao , Wen Gongjian , Liang Yuanyuan , Luo Dengsanlang , Jian Haojun
Published: March 2022

Target localization is one of the most important research topics in the field of radar signal processing. In this paper, the problem of multi-target counting and localization in the distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar is investigated. We first analyze the theoretical bound of the multi-target localization accuracy in the discrete time signal model. It is determined by the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the sampling lower bound (SLB) when the SNR is high. Furthermore, an innovative multi-target counting and localization scheme is developed, which is based on the energy modeling of the multiple transmitter-receiver paths and the compressive sensing theory. To solve the sparse vector recovery issue, we design a lightweight iterative greedy pursuit algorithm including the similarity evaluation strategy. The proposal utilizes the samples of the raw signals and belongs to the category of the direct localization. Nevertheless, it has significantly higher computational efficiency and lower communication burden than the conventional direct localization methods, while avoids the complex data association that encountered by the indirect localization methods. Finally, the simulation results validate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.
Cell-free mMIMO Support in the O-RAN Architecture: A PHY Layer Perspective for 5G and Beyond Networks
Authors: Ranjbar Vida , Girycki, Adam , Rahman Md Arifur , Pollin Sofie , moonen marc , Vinogradov Evgenii
Published: March 2022

To keep supporting next-generation requirements, the radio access infrastructure will increasingly densify. Cell-free (CF) network architectures are emerging, combining dense deployments with extreme flexibility in allocating resources to users. In parallel, the Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) paradigm is transforming RAN towards an open, intelligent, virtualized, and fully interoperable architecture. This paradigm brings the needed flexibility and intelligent control opportunities for CF networking. In this paper, we document the current O-RAN terminology and contrast it with some common CF processing approaches. We then discuss the main O-RAN innovations and research challenges that remain to be solved.
Dampak Pelaksanaan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka Di Universitas Trilogi (Studi Kasus: Prodi Manajemen)
Authors: Pohan Fanny Suzuda , Kisman Zainul
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat dampak pelaksanaan Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka di Universitas Trilogi khususnya Prodi Manajemen. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer maupun data sekunder. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Prodi Manajemen Universitas Trilogi sebanyak 685 mahasiswa. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 312 mahasiswa. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil survey yang diberikan 78,53% Mahasiswa yakin kegiatan MBKM memberikan dampak terhadap kompetensi tambahan mereka, 73,08% mahasiswa yakin kegiatan MBKM memperluas prespektif dalam menyelesaikan masalah dan 73,4% mahasiswa berpendapat kegiatan MBKM untuk perguruan tinggi sesuai dengan kebutuhan lulusan di masa mendatang.
‘Unit load’ evolution: a literature review from 1950-2020
Authors:   Department of Industrial Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 80204, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Al-Hourani Shireen
Published: March 2022

Most industrial products move through the supply chain grouped together, or in other words are carried in ‘unit loads.’ Unit loads facilitate and increase the efficiency of material handling, storage, and the distribution process. Moreover, unit loads reduce handling costs and the probability of damage by reducing individual unit handling. With the novelty of Industry 4.0, logistics and material handling systems were forced to improve in order to cope with growth in new technologies. This paper presents a literature review of publications on unit load problems, as well as builds analysis and draws conclusions for the unit load research timeline through the past several decades (from 1950 to 2020). Approximately 115 different articles and resources were collected and investigated thoroughly to compare their objectives, contributions, methodologies, conclusions, and gaps. This paper summarizes the result of this literature review, suggesting different classifications and findings.
Design and implementation of magnetic field effect sensor for ISF process
Authors:   Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering and APPCAIR, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Dubai Campus, UAE, Gaidhane Vilas H , Karthikeyan R ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani, Dubai Campus, UAE.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, an efficient approach for sheet metal thickness measurement is proposed. It is based on the concept of magnetic field effect resonance commonly called as Hall effect. The combination of magnet and metal tools generates the DC voltage signal. The magnitude of the generated signal is inversely proportional to the distance between magnet and tool and hence the thickness of the sheet metal. The proposed idea is designed and implemented successfully using suitable hardware. Initially, the designed circuit is tested manually using the Hall-effect sensor and the sheet metal of different thicknesses. Further, the various experimentations are carried out on the complete CNC machine-based incremental sheet metal forming setup to examine the effectuality of the proposed design. Moreover, the evaluation of the manufactured ISF part has been carried out using the image processing technique. It is observed that the proposed approach can be used efficiently in the application such as the incremental sheet metal forming (ISF) process in real-time for thickness measurement.
Reduced oscillations based perturb and observe solar maximum power point tracking scheme to enhance efficacy and speed of a photovoltaic system
Authors:   School of Automation, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India., Pathak Pawan Kumar , Yadav Anil Kumar ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur (H.P.), India., Alvi P. A. ,   Department of Physics, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan,  India.
Published: March 2022

This paper puts forward a reduced oscillation based perturb and observe (ROP&O) maximum power point (MPP) tracking (MPPT) technique to mitigate the probability of loss of tracking direction and to reduce oscillations around MPP when the solar photovoltaic (PV) array is subjected under periodically changing irradiance. The proposed technique retains the structure of conventional perturb and observe (P&O) technique additionally incorporating a unique structure of dynamic step sizing, along with proportional-integral (PI) controller which potently alters the duty cycle (𝐷) of the DC-DC boost power converter (BPC). The ROP&O MPPT technique is compared with conventional P&O and incremental conductance (IC) schemes in terms of tracking efficacy (𝜂), ripples in PV voltage and PV current, convergence time, and the error rates. The efficacy of the proposed scheme lies between 99.06% to 99.80%. Moreover, the time to obtain MPP is 0.018 sec. which is about five times faster than the P&O technique and fifteen times faster than the IC technique. Also, the proposed MPPT technique is benchmarked using three-phase grid integration, and the power quality of the grid current is observed in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD).
Ensino de matemática ou matemática do ensino? (Des)construções curriculares para a formação inicial de professores
Authors: Valente Wagner Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

A partir da temática “(Des)construções curriculares para a formação inicial de professores que ensinam matemática: desafios e cenários de possibilidades para (re)existir”, este texto tem por objetivo promover uma reflexão sobre as possibilidades de (des)construção curricular para a formação inicial de professores que ensinam matemática, a partir de resultados de pesquisas históricas. Esses resultados mostram-nos a importância teórica de distinguir “ensino de matemática” e “matemática do ensino”, em termos do ensino e da formação de professores. Com tal distinção e ancorado em bases teórico-metodológicas vindas da História Cultural, o estudo conclui que as possibilidades de (des)construção curricular passam pela mudança de natureza do saber a ser socializado pelo campo da Educação Matemática, caracterizado pela matemática do ensino.
A formação compartilhada do futuro professor que ensinará matemática: contrapontos à BNC-formação
Authors: Nacarato Adair Mendes , Moreira Kátia Gabriela
Published: March 2022

O presente texto centra-se na análise de uma parceria estabelecida entre a formadora do curso de Pedagogia e sua orientanda, professora dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, que possibilitou uma formação compartilhada para as práticas de ensino de Matemática. Tem como objetivo apontar indícios de como essa parceria possibilitou aprendizagens aos futuros professores. A análise, centrada nas narrativas produzidas pelos graduandos ao final do curso, pautou-se em três unidades temáticas que emergiram dos textos: o desenvolvimento do gosto pela Matemática; a importância do conhecimento do professor para o ensino de Matemática; um novo olhar para o ensino de Matemática na escola pública. Os resultados apontam indícios de como os futuros professores se apropriaram de alguns princípios que nortearam as práticas das formadoras e construíram consciência de que a formação não se esgota na graduação e requer um repertório de saberes para o exercício da docência visando a tornar a Matemática acessível e prazerosa a todos os alunos.
Contribuições à compreensão dos saberes dos estudantes para a formação de professores da EJA
Authors: Xavier Francisco Josimar Ricardo , Dias Julio Cesar de Moura , Freitas Adriano Vargas
Published: March 2022

Na presente produção analisamos a importância da escuta e da valorização dos saberes e conhecimentos dos jovens, adultos e idosos e como isso pode contribuir para a formação dos professores que atuam na EJA. Destacamos que a construção de práticas curriculares para a EJA deve levar em consideração as narrativas desses estudantes, e devem estar mais próximas de suas realidades. Por meio da apresentação de fragmentos das narrativas de João e de Dona Anita, ressaltamos a importância da promoção de espaços propícios ao aparecimento da palavra falada, do diálogo e da escuta atenta freireanos. João apresenta uma matemática ligada aos saberes do seu trabalho, e outra, ligada à sua vida de estudante. Dona Anita nos conta sobre sua vida atravessada pelas questões de gênero, destacando ter conhecido as letras no trânsito entre sua casa e o trabalho. Os resultados reiteram a ideia freireana de que esses sujeitos chegam à escola com saberes construídos em suas experiências, não sendo, portanto, caixas vazias ou sujeitos analfabetos. Concluímos reforçando a atualidade do pensamento de Paulo Freire, sobretudo quanto ao diálogo para a construção de uma educação crítica, democrática e libertadora.
Sistem Pakar Menggunakan Metode Bayes untuk Analisis Penyakit Mulut pada Kucing
Authors: Razi Fahrul
Published: March 2022

The expert system using the Bayes method results in an analysis of oral diseases in cats. This expert system can be used by the general public to detect oral diseases in cats without having to come directly to the vet. Building an expert system software using the Bayes method to diagnose oral disease in cats equipped with solutions according to the indicated disease. The data that is processed in the expert system for detecting oral disease in cats is obtained from the results of interviews with animal disease specialists. The dataset used consists of 8 diseases. This expert system was built using the Bayes method. This expert system is made using a rule-based application and uses the PHP and MySQL programming languages. The results of testing this method are the types of diseases according to the symptoms entered by the user and solutions for disease prevention indicated by the system. This expert system is useful for the community to find out oral diseases in cats without having to come directly to a veterinarian. And can help doctors work in improving the accuracy of oral disease analysis in cats.
The Liability of Climate Change on Constraining Women’s Rights in the Southern Highlands, Tanzania: A Case of Kilolo District
Authors: Joseph Laurent
Published: March 2022

The study investigated the liability of climate change on constraining women rights in Kilolo District. Systematic random sampling was used to obtain a sample of 240 respondents. Data were collected using Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Questionnaires for the complementation. Data analysis was done using thematic data analysis for survey data for rainfall trends, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and content analysis for data from the FGDs and documents. The study revealed that climate change was liable for constraining women rights in the district. The main constrained women rights were the right to food adequacy, right to water, right to health and well-being, right to decision making and gender-based violence. The study concludes that climate change has diverse impacts on vulnerable groups such as women and children. This study recommends communities that to adapt to and mitigate climate change impacts, there should be an inclusive approach to all gender on a local and global scale. The central governments should find the appropriate strategies to rescue women who are severely tormented and disrupted by climate change.
Русская литература и поэтика зримого
Authors:   ФГБОУ ВО «АлтГПУ», Козубовская Г.П.
Published: March 2022

В монографии феномен зримого исследуется на материале русской поэзии и прозы XIX века. В центре внимания – словесная живопись, принципы которой нашли отражение, с одной стороны, в авторской поэтике, включающей субъективность как специфическое видение; с другой – в мифопоэтике, в обращении к архетипам. «Зримое» раскрывается в мотивах (пейзаж, одежда/костюм, еда/пища), сопряжение которых создает многомерное целое. Книга адресована специалистам в области филологии, культурологам, преподавателям вузов, студентам, учителям школ, гимназий, лицеев и всем, интересующимся русской литературой.
Between automatic and control processes: How relationships between problem elements interact to facilitate or impede insight
Authors: Becker Maxi , Davis Simon , Cabeza Roberto
Published: March 2022

Solving a problem requires relating the pieces of information available to each other and to the solution. We investigated how the strength of these relationships determines the likelihood of solving insight tasks based on remote associates. In these tasks, the solver is provided with several cues (e.g.,drop,coat,summer) and has to find the solution that matches those cues (e.g.,rain). We measured the semantic similarity between the cues and the solution (cue–solution similarity) as well as between cues (cue–cue similarity). We assume those relationships modulate two basic processes underlying insight problem-solving. First, there is anautomatic activation processwhereby conceptual activation spreads across a semantic network from each cue node to their associated nodes, potentially reaching the node of the solution. Thus, in general, the higher cue–solution similarity, the more likely the solution will be found (Prediction 1). Second, there is acontrolled search processfocused on an area in semantic space whose radius depends on competing cue–cue similarity. High cue–cue similarity will bias a search for the solution close to the provided cues because the associated nodes shared by both cues are highly coactivated. Therefore, high cue–cue similarity will have a beneficial effect when the cue–solution similarity is high but a detrimental effect when cue–solution similarity is low (Prediction 2). Our two predictions were confirmed using both verbal and pictorial remote association tasks, supporting the view that insight is dependent on an interaction of meaningful relationships between cues and solutions, and clarify the mechanisms of insight problem solving in remote associates.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan dan Gaya Hidup Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Karyawan (Studi di PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk)
Authors: Utami Lia Putri , Marpaung Netti Natarida
Published: March 2022

Financial management can help every individual in managing finances. Regulating and managing what is meant is that someone can allocate their income for various things, including consumption, educational needs, and savings. Lifestyle affects how individuals view financial management and how they set the rules for managing finances. This study aims to examine the relationship between financial literacy and lifestyle on the financial management of employees and to determine the differences in financial literacy, lifestyle and financial management of employees of PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk. This research is a quantitative research with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The sample used is 42 employees of PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk who works in the Office. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis which is used to determine the effect of the independent variable and the dependent variable. Data analysis includes normality test, heteroscedasticity test, multicollinearity test, multiple regression analysis, t test, f test and determinant coefficient test (R2). The results of this study are financial literacy variables affect the financial management of employees of PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk who works in the Office. While the lifestyle variables have no effect on the financial management of PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk who works in the Office.

Abstrak

Pengelolaan keuangan dapat membantu setiap individu dalam mengatur keuangan. Mengatur dan mengelola yang dimaksud adalah seseorang dapat mengalokasikan pendapatan yang dimiliki untuk berbagai hal, diantaranya untuk konsumsi, kebutuhan pendidikan, dan simpanan. Gaya hidup mempengaruhi bagaimana individu memandang pengelolaan keuangan dan bagaimana mereka menetapkan aturan mengelola keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara literasi keuangan dan gaya hidup terhadap pengelolaan keuangan karyawan dan mengetahui perbedaan literasi keuangan, gaya hidup dan pengelolaan keuangan karyawan PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Sample yang digunakan berjumlah 42 karyawan PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk yang bekerja di Office. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda yang digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel bebas dengan variabel terikat. Analisis data meliputi uji normalitas, uji heterokedasitas,uji multikolinearitas, analisis regresi berganda, uji t, uji f dan uji koefisien determinan (R2). Hasil penelitian ini adalah variabel literasi keuangan berpengaruh terhadap pengelolaan keuangan karyawan PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk yang bekerja di Office. Sedangkan variabel gaya hidup tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengelolaan keuangan karyawan PT. Mulia Boga Raya Tbk yang bekerja di Office.
Counterfeit Probiotic Drugs
Authors: ORUÇ Mucahit , DUMAN Yücel , ALTIN İsmail , CELBİŞ Osman
Published: March 2022

Aim: Counterfeit drugs are a threat to human health worldwide. It can be seen that insufficient research has been conducted on the subject of counterfeit drugs related to potentially addictive drugs seized by the authorities. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not there are drugs for sale in the Turkish market, which are counterfeit drugs under the heading of probiotics which are defined as micro-organisms with a positive effect on health when taken in certain quantities. Material and Method: A total of 17 different probiotic products in capsule, drops or sachet form, which were permitted for sale, were obtained from randomly selected chemist’s shops in the province of Malatya. Results: There was nothing missing or counterfeit on the packaging of the 17 products examined. When the contents were investigated, no deficiencies or excess micro-organism production was determined in the first 12 products. In product #13, there was no production of one of the mentioned micro-organisms. In products # 14,15, 16, and 17, more than one micro-organism stated in the prospectus could not be obtained. Conclusion: As the checking of products sold in chemist’s but controlled by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock is not easy, there is a need for tighter supervision. This can be provided by sending the samples taken during audits to the correct laboratories, making detailed examinations, and evaluation the amount of active substance.
Relationship Between Interleukin-28B Gene Polymorphism and Chronic Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: ALANDAĞ Celal , DEMİREL Ulvi , KARGÜN Kürşat
Published: March 2022

Aim: Interleukin 28B (IL28B) gene polymorphism may play a role in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection prognosis. We investigated the effects of IL28B gene polymorphism on viral clearance and viral load in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.Material and Methods: We included 146 individuals who applied to our center between October 2011 and October 2012. CHB (N=117) and control (N=29) groups were compared in terms of IL28B gene rs12979860, rs12980275 gene region polymorphisms, and IL28B gene expression (mRNA) levels.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups in terms of rs12979860 gene region polymorphism rates (χ2=0.36, p=0.835). But there was a significant association between groups in terms of rs12980275. In the CHB group, the A/A genotype was much more, (χ2=55.2, p<0.001), G/A and G/G genotypes were less frequent. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of IL28B expression levels.Conclusion: This study revealed the genotype profile of the IL28B gene of our region. It is the first study on this subject in our region. The association between CHB and rs12980275 polymorphism may be important. Our results will contribute to future studies.
Estimation of Risk Factors Related to Heart Diseases With Multilayer Perceptron Model
Authors: GUNATA Mehmet , ARSLAN Ahmet Kadir , ÇOLAK Cemil , PARLAKPINAR Hakan
Published: March 2022

Aim: Heart diseases (HD) refer to many diseases such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, and heart attack. Every year, approximately 647.000 people die in the United States (U.S.) from HD. Genetic and environmental risk factors have been identified due to numerous studies to determine HD risk factors.Material and Method: In this study, the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model was constructed to predict the risk factors related to HD in both genders. The relevant dataset consisted of 270 individuals, 13 predictors, and one response/target variable. Model performance was evaluated using overall accuracy, the area under the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity metrics.Results: The performance metric values for accuracy, AUC, sensitivity and specificity were obtained with 95% CI, 0.876 (0.79-0.937), 0.935 (0.877-0.992), 0.921 (0.786-0.983) and 0.843 (0.714-0.93), respectively. According to the relevant model findings, blood pressure, the number of significant vessels coloured by fluoroscopy, and cholesterol variables were the three most crucial HD classification factors.Discussion: It can be said that the model used in the present study offers an acceptable estimation performance when all performance metrics are considered. In addition, when compared with the studies in the literature from both data science and statistical point of view, it can be stated that the findings in the current study are more satisfactory.Conclusion: Due to the predictive performance in this study, the MLP model can be recommended to clinicians as a clinical decision support system. Finally, we propose solutions and future research pathways for the various computational materials science challenges for early HD diagnosis.
Sustainability of Shallow Aquifer in Rumuohia Community, Emohua L.GA, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ellerton Abbey Minaibim , Iyeneomie Tamunoberetonari , Ibim Horsfall Opiriyabo
Published: March 2022

Around the world, groundwater is a key source of water. Because its reliance is growing, it is critical to ensure that a sufficient supply of high-quality drinking water is available. We explored the shallow aquifer in Rumuohia community in Emohua local government area, Rivers State, Nigeria, with the goal of using seismic refraction to delineate depth to the shallow aquifer and geological structure of the terrain at five selected areas. The result of the research reveals two strata with sand-gravel and clay lithologies. Layer 1 is clay, with an average velocity of 274.83 m/s and a thickness range of 4.88m to 9.98m at an average of 7m in all five locations. Layer 2 is composed up of sandy clay in Mina 1 and Mina 3. Clay is found in Mina 2, while sand with gravel (dry) is found in Mina 4 and Mina 5, implying a potential aquifer with an average velocity of 422.63 m/s. The presence of sand indicates a productive aquifer, while clay acts as a stopper for the sand, which is prone to compaction due to overburden pressure. The study area is generally a favorable location for a borehole with a high likelihood of providing drinkable water.
NON-FINANCIAL REPORTING OF CHEMICAL COMPANIES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC
Authors: Munzarova Simona , Kostalova Jana , Fialova Eliska
Published: March 2022

This paper focuses on the issue of non-financial corporate reporting by the Czech chemical companies. Based on the content analysis of the websites and disclosures, it analyses, compares and evaluates the level of web communication of the economic, environmental and social issues of corporate social responsibility of these companies. At first, it presents results of the research comparing the extent of non-financial web communication of selected Czech chemical companies with the Czech leaders in the Czech TOP 100 rankings. These results are then complemented by results of the quantitative research on environmental instruments used by all Czech chemical production companies, that use websites for communication of their activities. The number of companies in the Czech Republic processing non-financial reports is significantly lower than abroad, but it is still growing. Large enterprises pay more attention to non-financial reporting. Rather than including this information in a disclosure, a business website is used as a tool for this communication. The paper brings sectoral perspective into non-financial reporting literature, as attention is paid to the chemical production sector and also complements the knowledge of communication of companies that do not belong to the group of 100 most important companies within the country.
Evolution and Kinematics of Protostellar Envelopes in the Perseus Molecular Cloud
Authors: Heimsoth Daniel J. , Stephens Ian W. , Arce Héctor G. , Bourke Tyler L. , Myers Philip C. , Dunham Michael M.
Published: March 2022

We present a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of envelopes surrounding protostellar systems in the Perseus molecular cloud using data from the MASSES survey. We focus our attention to the C18O(2–1) spectral line, and we characterize the shape, size, and orientation of 54 envelopes and measure their fluxes, velocity gradients, and line widths. To look for evolutionary trends, we compare these parameters to the bolometric temperature T
bol, a tracer of protostellar age. We find evidence that the angular difference between the elongation angle of the C18O envelope and the outflow axis direction generally becomes increasingly perpendicular with increasing T
bol, suggesting the envelope evolution is directly affected by the outflow evolution. We show that this angular difference changes at T
bol = 53 ± 20 K, which includes the conventional delineation between Class 0 and I protostars of 70 K. We compare the C18O envelopes with larger gaseous structures in other molecular clouds and show that the velocity gradient increases with decreasing radius (

∣

∣
∼

R

−
0.72
±
0.06

). From the velocity gradients we show that the specific angular momentum follows a power-law fit J/M ∝ R
1.83±0.05 for scales from 1 pc down to ∼500 au, and we cannot rule out a possible flattening out at radii smaller than ∼1000 au.
Magnetic Imprints of Eruptive and Noneruptive Solar Flares as Observed by Solar Dynamics Observatory
Authors: Vasantharaju N. , Vemareddy P. , Ravindra B. , Doddamani V. H.
Published: March 2022

The abrupt and permanent changes of the photospheric magnetic field in the localized regions of active regions during solar flares, called magnetic imprints (MIs), have been observed for nearly the past three decades. The well-known coronal implosion model is assumed to explain such flare-associated changes but the complete physical understanding is still missing and debatable. In this study, we made a systematic analysis of flare-related changes of the photospheric magnetic field during 21 flares (14 eruptive and seven noneruptive) using the 135 s cadence vector magnetogram data obtained from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager. The MI regions for eruptive flares are found to be strongly localized, whereas the majority of noneruptive events (>70%) have scattered imprint regions. To quantify the strength of the MIs, we derived the integrated change of horizontal field and the total change of Lorentz force over an area. These quantities correlate well with the flare strength, irrespective of whether flares are eruptive or not, or have a short or long duration. Further, the free energy (FE), determined from virial theorem estimates, exhibits a statistically significant downward trend that starts around the flare time and is observed in the majority of flares. The change of FE during flares does not depend on eruptivity but has a strong positive correlation (≈0.8) with the Lorentz force change, indicating that part of the FE released would penetrate the photosphere. While these results strongly favor the idea of significant feedback from the corona on the photospheric magnetic field, the characteristics of MIs are quite indistinguishable from flares being eruptive or not.
The Missing Metal Problem in Galaxy Clusters: Characterizing the Early Enrichment Population
Authors: Blackwell Anne E. , Bregman Joel N. , Snowden Steven L.
Published: March 2022

Rich and poor galaxy clusters have the same measured halo metallicity, 0.35–0.4 Z
⊙, even though they are an order of magnitude apart in stellar fraction, M
*/M
gas. The measured intracluster medium (ICM) metallicity in high-mass clusters cannot be explained by the visible stellar population as stars typically make up 3%–20% of the total baryon mass. The independence of metallicity of M
*/M
gas suggests an external and universal source of metals such as an early enrichment population (EEP). Galaxy cluster RX J1416.4+2315, classified as a fossil system, has a stellar fraction of M
*/M
gas = 0.054 ± 0.018, and here we improve the halo metallicity determination using archival Chandra and XMM-Newton observations. We determine the ICM metallicity of RXJ1416 to be 0.303 ± 0.053 Z
⊙ within 0.3 < R/R
500 < 1, excluding the central galaxy. We combine this measurement with other clusters with a wider range of M
*/M
gas, resulting in the fit of Z
tot = (0.36 ± 0.01) + (0.10 ± 0.17)(M
*/M
gas). This fit is largely independent of M
*/M
gas and shows that for a low M
*/M
gas system, the observed stellar population can make only 10%–20% of the total metals. We quantify the Fe contribution of the EEP further by adopting a standard Fe yield for visible stellar populations, and find that Z
EEP = (0.36 ± 0.01) − − (0.96 ± 0.17)(M
*/M
gas). To account for the observed Fe mass, a supernova (SN) rate of 10 ± 5 SNe yr−1 (Type Ia) and 40 ± 19 SNe yr−1 (core collapse) is required over the redshift range 3 < z < 10 for a single galaxy cluster with mass ∼3 × 1014
M
⊙ at z = 0. These SNe might be visible in observations of high-redshift clusters and protoclusters with the James Webb Space Telescope.
Revisiting the Rates and Demographics of Tidal Disruption Events: Effects of the Disk Formation Efficiency
Authors: Wong Thomas Hong Tsun , Pfister Hugo , Dai Lixin
Published: March 2022

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are valuable probes of the demographics of supermassive black holes as well as the dynamics and population of stars in the centers of galaxies. In this Letter, we focus on studying how debris disk formation and circularization processes can impact the possibility of observing prompt flares in TDEs. First, we investigate how the efficiency of disk formation is determined by the key parameters, namely, the black hole mass M
BH, the stellar mass m
⋆, and the orbital penetration parameter β that quantifies how close the disrupted star would orbit around the black hole. Then we calculate the intrinsic differential TDE rate as a function of these three parameters. Combining these two results, we find that the rates of TDEs with prompt disk formation are significantly suppressed around lighter black holes, which provides a plausible explanation for why the observed TDE host black hole mass distribution peaks between 106 and 107
M
⊙. Therefore, the consideration of disk formation efficiency is crucial for recovering the intrinsic black hole demographics from TDEs. Furthermore, we find that the efficiency of the disk formation process also impacts the distributions of both stellar orbital penetration parameter and stellar mass observed in TDEs.
An XMM-Newton EPIC X-Ray View of the Symbiotic Star R Aquarii
Authors: Toalá 杜 Jesús A. 宇君 , Sabin Laurence , Guerrero Martín A. , Ramos-Larios Gerardo , Chu 朱 You-Hua 有花
Published: March 2022

We present the analysis of archival XMM-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera (EPIC) X-ray observations of the symbiotic star R Aquarii. We used the Extended Source Analysis Software package to disclose diffuse soft X-ray emission extending up to 2.′2 (≈0.27 pc) from this binary system. The depth of these XMM-Newton EPIC observations reveals in unprecedented detail the spatial distribution of this diffuse emission, with a bipolar morphology spatially correlated with the optical nebula. The extended X-ray emission shares the same dominant soft X-ray-emitting temperature as the clumps in the jet-like feature resolved by Chandra in the vicinity of the binary system. The harder component in the jet might suggest that the gas cools down; however, the possible presence of nonthermal emission produced by the presence of a magnetic field collimating the mass ejection cannot be discarded. We propose that the ongoing precessing jet creates bipolar cavities filled with X-ray-emitting hot gas that feeds the more extended X-ray bubble as they get disrupted. These EPIC observations demonstrate that the jet feedback mechanism produced by an accreting disk around an evolved, low-mass star can blow hot bubbles, similar to those produced by jets arising from the nuclei of active galaxies.
The WIO Regional Benthic Imagery Workshop: Lessons from past IIOE-2 expeditions
Authors: Haupt Tanya , Ceasar Jamie , Stefanoudis Paris , von der Meden Charles , Payne Robyn , Adams Luther , Anders Darrell , Bernard Anthony , Coetzer Willem , Florence Wayne , Janson Liesl , Johnson Ashley , Juby Roxanne , Kock Alison , Langenkämper Daniel , Nadjim Ahmed , Parker Denham , Samaai Toufiek , Snyders Laurenne , Upfold Leshia , van der Heever Grant , Williams Lauren
Published: March 2022

Originating from the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE-2), the main goal of the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) Regional Benthic Imagery Workshop, was to provide information and training on the use of various underwater imagery platforms in benthic research. To date, attempts made to explore the bottom of the ocean range from simple diving bells to more advanced camera systems, and the rapidly expanding field of underwater image-based research has supported marine exploration in many forms, from biodiversity surveys, spatial analyses and temporal studies, to monitoring schemes. Alongside the increasing use of underwater camera systems worldwide, there is an evident need to improve training and access to these techniques for students and researchers from institutes within the WIO. The week-long virtual event was conducted between 30 August and 3 September 2021 with 266 participants. Sessions consisted of lessons, practical demonstrations and interactive discussions which covered the steps required to conduct underwater imagery surveys, taking participants through elements of sampling design, data acquisition and processing, considerations for statistical analysis and, effective managment of data. The session recordings from the workshop are available online as a teaching aid which has the potential to reach marine researchers both regionally and globally. It is crucial that we build on this momentum by continuing to develop and strengthen the network established through this initiative for standardised benthic-image-based research within the WIO.
Les Vies de saints de la Bibliothèque bleue : existe-t-il une spécificité normande ?
Authors: Andries Lise
Published: March 2022

La grande majorité des saints présents dans les Bibliothèques bleues normande et troyenne ont vécu pendant les tout premiers siècles de la Chrétienté. Il faut souligner la prédilection de la Bibliothèque bleue pour les saints martyrs, ainsi que la prédominance de l’Église d’Occident sur l’Église d’Orient. Cet aspect, déjà sensible dans La Légende dorée , est nettement accentué dans la Bibliothèque bleue au xvii e  siècle, avec l’apparition de saints qui ont une implantation locale, française ou européenne, dans le contexte de la Contre-Réforme et de la reconquête du monde paysan. Les Vies de saints de la Bibliothèque bleue ont été, pour la plupart, écrites ou traduites avec l’assentiment des diocèses, et dans une action sans aucun doute concertée. Le but est à la fois de donner une large place aux saints de l’Église de France, aux miracles et à des pèlerinages accompagnant de leur scénographie précise le récit hagiographique.
Fortunatus entre Londres et Rouen
Authors: Velay-Vallantin Catherine
Published: March 2022

En 1626, la première édition française de l’ Histoire des Advantures de Fortunatus paraît à Rouen chez les imprimeurs Jacques Cailloué et Jean Roger. Une enquête menée sur le commerce des livres et la circulation des idées politiques et des assertions théologiques entre la France et l’Angleterre, au cœur des communautés protestantes, révèle l’obédience de Rouen à l’égard de Londres mais aussi son potentiel d’affranchissement. Issu de l’editio princeps parue à Augsbourg en 1509, des rééditions allemandes du xvii e  siècle et des traductions néerlandaise et anglaise de 1610 et 1615, le Fortunatus rouennais, dont l’adresse au lecteur, atypique, annonce le récit des « faits et gestes d’un simple soldat favori de la Fortune », se singularise également par son frontispice : l’étude de ses sources permet d’interroger l’identité générique du Fortunatus initial et de ses réappropriations ; tout à la fois roman de chevalerie, roman picaresque, roman de gueuserie, chronique historique et libelle, Fortunatus pose la question de la pertinence heuristique du genre littéraire.