bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Mechanism of the Baishao Luoshi Formula against Poststroke
Spasticity by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Zeng Shanshan , Xie Le , Mao Guo , Xie Yao , Cao Sijia , Liu Dong , Wu Dahua
Published: September 2022

Background:

Post-stroke spasticity (PSS) is a major cause of disability, leading to severely
impaired upper-limb flexibility and ability to walk and move, significantly affecting the
quality of life of cerebral infarction patients. There is currently no recognized effective therapy.
Alternatively, Chinese traditional medicine has shown promise for PSS treatment. In this regard,
the BSLSF has been reported to be effective; however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to clarify the main targets and pathways of Baishao Luoshi
Formula (BSLSF) during PSS treatment, laying the foundation for further research on its
pharmacological effects.

Method:

In this study, network pharmacology and experimental verification were conducted to
explore the potential mechanism of BSLSF systematically. After obtaining active ingredients of
BSLSF from the TCMSP database, SwissTarget-Prediction and PharMapper were used to uncover
BSLSF targets. PSS-related targets were gathered with GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance
in Man. The differentially expressed genes between BSLSF and PSS were identified by a
Venn plot. The drug-active ingredient-target interaction network and Protein-protein interaction
(PPI) were constructed using Cytoscape and further analyzed using the MCC algorithm of Cyto-
Hubba plugin. Then, Pathway enrichment and GO biological process enrichment analyses were
performed. Subsequently, a mice model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established
for the in vivo experiments.

Result:

We found that AKT1, TNF, CASP3, VEGFA, and CREB1 were potential targets during
PSS treatment. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)
pathway enrichment analyses showed that the mechanism of PSS was closely related to synaptic
plasticity. And the immunohistochemical staining showed that BSLSF protected against ischemic
stroke via the CCR5/CREB signaling pathway and probably affected synaptic plasticity.

Conclusion:

our study validated that treatment with BSLSF protected against ischemic stroke via
the CCR5/CREB signaling pathway and could affect synaptic plasticity. In a sense, this study provides
the basis for further extensive and in-depth analysis of BSLSF, enabling the quest for new
drug targets at the same time.
Stem Cells as a Therapeutic Choice in Dermatological Disorders
Authors: Legiawati Lili , Suseno Lis Surachmiati , Sitohang Irma Bernadette S. , Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia , Ardelia Athaya , Paramastri Kanya
Published: September 2022

Stem cells are known for their extraordinary properties, mainly their potency, self-renewal, and
clonality. In recent years, we have witnessed notable advancements in the field of cell therapy. Due to its
remarkable properties and versatility, this cutting-edge therapy has now become a potentially promising
cure for many diseases. Stem cell-based therapies have been utilized to treat various dermatological conditions,
for instance, autoimmune skin disorders, atopic dermatitis, skin aging, wound healing, scar treatment,
and many others. This article aims to serve as an overview of cell-based therapy's current application
in dermatology field.
PCSK9 A/G (rs505151) Gene Polymorphism and its Expression at the
Molecular Level in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Srivastava Kamna , Aggarwal Shelly , Narang Rajiv , Saluja Daman
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:

PCSK9 (Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis and Coronary artery disease (CAD). Many studies have extrapolated the association of PCSK9 gene with low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and CAD but with contradicting results. There is no such study available stating the intergenotypic variations in the levels of expression of PCSK9 and LDL-C and their correlations with CAD risk factors in patients with CAD.

OBJECTIVE:

We aim to explore the association of PCSK9 A/G (rs505151) polymorphism and its expression at mRNA and protein level in patients with CAD. Additionally, it is investigated how the levels of LDL-C, PCSK9, BMI, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in patients with CAD and in healthy participants relate to the PCSK9 intergenotypic variation.

METHODS:

Angiographically confirmed CAD patients [n=250] and controls [n=250] were genotyped by PCR followed by RFLP techniques. Real time PCR and Western Blot methods were used to investigate PCSK9's differential expression.

RESULTS:

Odds ratio being the index of association revealed a statistically significant association of PCSK9 A/G (rs505151), A Vs G= 4.94 [1.37-7.79] polymorphism with CAD. In patients with the GG genotype, there is a correlation between higher PCSK9 gene expression and circulating LDL-C levels.

CONCLUSION:

Our study shows a significant association of PCSK9 gene polymorphism with CAD. We also observed an increased expression of PCSK9 gene in patients with G allele. In our study, PCSK9 A/G (rs505151) gene and LDL-C emerged as independent risk factors. To determine whether upregulated PCSK9 gene expression can act as a prognostic marker for CAD, more follow-up research is required.
A Comprehensive Review of Various Machine Learning Techniques used
in Load Forecasting
Authors: Mohan Divya Priyadharshini , Subathra MSP
Published: September 2022

Background:

Load forecasting is a crucial element in power utility business load forecasting and has influenced key decision-makers in the industry to predict future energy demand with a low error percentage to supply consumers with load-shedding-free and uninterruptible power. By applying the right technique, utility companies may save millions of dollars by using load prediction with a lower proportion of inaccuracy.

Aims:

This study paper aims to analyse the recently published papers (using the New York Independent System Operator's database) on load forecasting and find the most optimised forecasting method for electric load forecasting.

Methods:

An overview of existing electric load forecasting technology with a complete examination of multiple load forecasting models and an in-depth analysis of their MAPE benefits, challenges, and influencing factors is presented. The paper reviews hybrid models which are created by combining two or more predictive models, each offering better performance due to their algorithm's merits. Hybrid models outperform other machine learning (ML) approaches in accurately forecasting power demand.

Result:

Through the study it is understood that hybrid methods show promising features. Deep learning algorithms were also studied for long-term forecasting.

Conclusion:

In the future, we can extend the study by extensively studying the deep learning methods.
Nanotechnology and Water
Authors: El-Meligi Amin A.
Published: September 2022

The environment is one of the hot issues nowadays because of pollution, global warming, and other issues. The main sources of energy are still non-renewable resources. Therefore, there is a need to solve environmental problems before it is too late to solve them. All living things on earth suffer because of environmental problems. The United Nation works with all countries to control environmental problems to protect the earth. Researchers pay great attention to help solve environmental problems. In addition to traditional methods of research, researchers use advanced technologies such as nanomaterials and nanotechnology. For example, in the near future, researchers will be able to use nanomaterials to extract energy from the air. Recently, attention has been paid to the relationship between nanoparticles and the environment, especially the impact of nanoparticle emission into the atmosphere on human health. There are a number of factors that can cause nanomaterials to adversely affect the ecosystem, for example, nanoparticles’ concentration, size, morphology and interaction of nanomaterials.
The Art of Nanomaterials
Authors: El-Meligi Amin. A.
Published: September 2022

Nanotechnology has revolutionized many fields and applications, such as medical diagnosis and treatment, water purification, and environmental protection. There is an art behind the synthesis of nanomaterials and their use in our daily lives. The Art of Nanomaterials takes the reader on a fascinating historical journey to learn how artistic inventiveness has influenced scientific innovation, from ancient Egyptian paintings to modern uses in healthcare and engineering.

Through 6 chapters, readers will be able to appreciate the history and significance of nanomaterials in modern technology, their role in medicine, environmental protection, and their relationship with water. It serves as a quick and simple reference for anyone who has a scientific background in natural sciences, or otherwise, who is interested in nanomaterials.
A Comparative Study on Visible Light Induced Photocatalytic Activity of MWCNTs Decorated Sulfide Based (ZnS & CdS) Nano Photocatalysts
Authors: Sahu Rajesh , Jain S.K. , Tripathi Balram
Published: September 2022

Sulfide-based semiconductor nano photocatalysts like ZnS and CdS of different particle sizes were prepared by chemical method. These photo catalysts show an excellent photo catalytic activity in the visible region due to their appropriate energy bandgap (Eg). Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) intercalated sulfide-based photocatalysts like ZnS/MWCNTs and CdS/MWCNTs composites enhance photocatalytic response in comparison to ZnS and CdS NCs. The photocatalytic activity of MWCNTs intercalated ZnS and CdS composites were studied via decomposition of organic pollutant. The obtained particle size of the CdS, ZnS, MWNT/CdS, and MWCNT/ZnS crystals were found to be 32.0 nm, 8.48 nm, 38.5 nm, and 13.18 nm, respectively. The FTIR characteristics of MWCNT/ZnS and MWCNT/CdS composites represent bands at 1637 and 3313 cm-1 in presence of methylene blue. The intense band at 1637 cm-1 could be the stretching vibrations of the C=O group and the other intense band at 3313cm-1 was assigned to the stretching vibration of O-H group. The reduction in optical band gap for MWCNTs/CdS (2.39eV) over CdS (2.44eV) and MWCNT/ZnS (3.77 eV) over ZnS (3.88 eV) was observed. Enhancement in photocatalytic activity was verified along with pseudo-first-order chemical kinetics.
Comprehensive Quantum Mechanical Study of Structural Features, Reactivity, Molecular Properties and Wave Function-Based Characteristics of Capmatinib
Authors: Thomas Renjith , Pooventhiran T.
Published: September 2022

Lung cancer is one of the major classes of cancer affecting men. Capmatinib is developed and approved as a medicine to fight non-small lung cancer. Even though the compound is developed for the management of cancer, it may be of several other applications. To tune the property of molecules to fit diverse functions, the study of the electronic structure and other quantum mechanical properties is very important. Literature survey indicates that the detailed structure and reactivity profile of this compound was not reported. We use molecular modeling using DFT and TD-DFT methods using B3LYP/CAM-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ level to study the structure, reactivity, and other Physico-chemical properties of this compound. The optical properties of the compound are compared with standard materials. Different useful indices from molecular wave function analysis present the reactivity and stability of the compound in detail. A qualitative study of non-covalent interactions was also reported along with many useful local information entropy studies, which showed that the molecule is stable with low uncertainty of electrons in spatial distribution.
Pengaruh Penjarangan Buah dan Pemupukan Kalium terhadap Pertumbuhan, Hasil, dan Kualitas Buah Melon (Cucumis melo L.)
Authors: Bazaz Haikal Akmam , Armita Deffi , Koesriharti Koesriharti
Published: September 2022

Melon merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang banyak diminati karena rasanya yang manis dan jmemiliki kandungan gizi yang baik. Produksi melon pertahun terus mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2014 sampai tahun 2017. Produsksi tersebut hanya memenuhi dari 40% kebutuhan di Indonesia. Penjarangan buah pada tanaman melon perlu dilakukan karena tanaman melon memiliki banyak buah. Jumlah buah yang banyak akan menyebabkan buah menjadi kecil. Dalam proses budidaya, melon memerlukan unsur hara dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak. Kalium merupakan unsur yang berperan penting dalam pertumbuhan melon. Kalium berperan dalam merangsang translokasi gula, pertumbuhan, perkembangan buah dan biji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penjarangan buah dan pemupukan kalium terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman melon. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juli 2021 di Dusun Mandala, Kecamatan Gapura, Kabupaten Sumenep, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAK dengan dua faktor. faktor pertama penjarangan buah dengan dua taraf dan faktor kedua pemupukan kalium dengan lima taraf dan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tidak terjadi interaksi antara penjarangan buah dan pemberian dosis pupuk kalium pada pertumbuhan, hasil, dan kualitas buah melon. Perlakuan penjarangan dengan menyisakan 1 buah per tanaman menghasilkan bobot buah per buah dan diameter buah lebih tinggi, namun menghasilkan bobot buah per tanaman yang lebih rendah dibandingkan perlakuan penjarangan dengan menyisakan 2 buah per tanaman. Pemberian pupuk kalium pada tanaman melon dengan dosis 60kg K2O.ha-1 menghasilkan buah melon pada ruas batang ke 10 denganÂ kadar gula paling tinggi.
Clinical Trial Phases and their Registration in India: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pathak D.D. Rishi
Published: September 2022

The rationale behind writing this review article is to give an introduction to the clinical trial, its phases and the current scenario in clinical research in India. This article gives a brief idea about the clinical trial phases. The reader can find the process of trial in step-by-step manner with the government regulatory body that has a major role to ensure the safety of the subject involved in the experimental study, with appropriate protocol and approval of the whole experimental study. This paper describes the role of the ethics committee, the investigator and sponsors’ responsibilities along with DCGI workflow, regulations of study. This study also discusses what is CDSCO, ICH-GCP government body in clinical trials etc. The clinical trial has a crucial role in serving good health to the public and developing new promising drug candidates in the treatment of diseases. The new drug candidate and therapy enhance the quality and lifespan of the patient. Nowadays the number of clinical trials has increased in biomedical research so there is a huge need to make transparency and easy accessibility of trial studies to general people. Hence, the development of CTRI has been done. The regulatory authority strictly observes whether the guidelines are properly followed in trial or not. The regulatory guidelines are modified timely. The serious injury during trial and informed consent form are recently modified. This review article put all the essential things for the reader to get enough idea about a clinical trial in India, how it is conducted, which regulatory body involved in clinical trial etc.
Taxonomía de Hedwigia filiformis (Bryopsida: Hedwigiaceae), con la clarificación de la identidad confundida de su sinónimo Hedwigia integrifolia
Authors: De Luna Efraín
Published: September 2022

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Hedwigia integrifolia todavía es confundida con Hedwigidium imberbe, a pesar de aclaración previa. En este trabajo se clarifica el estado taxonómico de Hedwigia integrifolia como un sinónimo de H. filiformis. Este último nombre es re-establecido únicamente para la especie caracterizada por los pseudoparafilios filamentosos y papilosos, las células foliares con papilas ramificadas y las hojas periqueciales ciliadas. Métodos: Se estudiaron los protólogos, especímenes de Hedwigia en varios herbarios y colecciones personales para evaluar la taxonomía y nomenclatura de H. integrifolia y la especie similar Hedwigia filiformis. Las cápsulas y tallos con hojas se estudiaron anatómicamente para observar los pseudoparafilios, las papilas de las células foliares y los estomas de las cápsulas. Resultados clave: El examen de numerosos especímenes de Hedwigia lleva a la conclusión que Hedwigia integrifolia es un sinónimo heterotípico de Hedwigia filiformis. Para la identificación correcta de Hedwigia filiformis, se proveen una descripción e ilustraciones de esta especie, por ahora conocida de Canadá, los Estados Unidos de América, México, Italia, Japón y Corea del Sur.Conclusiones: Hedwigia filiformis difiere de otras especies de Hedwigia más notablemente por las ramas simpodiales delgadas, las hojas ovaladas cortas con márgenes revolutos, los ápices foliares hialinos muy cortos y la célula apical elíptica.
Signifikansi Penerapan Needs Analysis terhadap Kurikulum Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris Bisnis
Authors: Suningsih Sri
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui apakah kurikulum pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Bisnis di Jurusan Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan mahasiswa baik kebutuhan Bahasa Inggris untuk keperluan akademik (English for Academic Purposes (EAP) maupun Bahasa Inggris untuk keperluan bekerja/ English for Work Purposes (English for Occupational Purposes / EOP). Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel primer berupa buku teks dan RPS Bahasa Inggris for Business.Selain itu, sampel sekunder yang digunakan adalah angket dan wawancara dengan siswa, alumni, dan pengajar Bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dianalisis menggunakan konsep analisis kebutuhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebutuhan mahasiswa terhadap Bahasa Inggris Bisnis untuk keperluan akademik belum memenuhi kebutuhan industri kerja. Dalam dunia kerja bidang akuntansi keterampilan yang paling dominan dibutuhkan adalah keterampilan membaca. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan bukti mendukung bahwa kurikum revisi pengajaran bahasa Inggris Bisnis di Jurusan Akuntansi sudah melalui tahapan ujicoba dari hasil analisis kebutuhan yang telah dilakukan dalam beberapa tahapan dalam penelitian ini sehingga pengajaran bahasa Inggris yang dilakukan selanjutnya lebih tepat sasaran setelah melalui tahapan evaluasi.Kata kunci: Bahasa Inggris untuk keperluan akademik, Bahasa Inggris untuk keperluan bekerja, Analisis kebutuhan.
A Bibliometric Study of the Project-Based Learning-STEAM Model on Students' Critical Thinking and Scientific Literacy
Authors: Rizki Iqbal Ainur , Setyarsih Woro , Suprapto Nadi
Published: September 2022

This study analyses the application of the Project-Based Learning-STEAM (PjBL-STEAM) learning model to improve students' critical thinking skills and scientific literacy, especially in Indonesia, so the latest trends and research opportunities on these topics can be obtained. This study uses a quantitative bibliometric approach. The number of publications analyzed was 142 publication documents in 2015-2020, metadata obtained from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer software. The results of metadata extraction show that there are 5 clusters with keywords that appear the most are students, engineering education, and STEM education. In addition, only 0.5% of authors have more than two publications, so further research from previous publications on this topic is still minimal. Based on the ranking results, the United States ranks 1st, Indonesia ranks 2nd, and Australia ranks 3rd. When compared to other countries, Indonesia is excellent in research development and collaboration on this topic. It can be concluded that research and publications related to this topic have relatively little progress in the last five years.Keywords: Bibliometric, PjBL-STEAM, Critical Thinking, Science Literacy, Indonesia.
Predictors of acute kidney injury in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Arsenicheva O. V.
Published: September 2022

Objective: to study predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Materials and methods: 109 patients with STEMI complicated by CS were studied after interventional intervention (mean age 63.1±10.1 years). The observation group included 33 patients with AKI, and the comparison group — 76 patients without AKI. AKI was diagnosed with an increase in plasma creatinine level by ≥26.5 mmol/l from the baseline level within 48 hours or by ≥1.5 times from its known or assumed basal level. To identify predictors of AKI, the method of simple and multiple logistic regression was used. Results: among patients with AKI, patients aged over 70 years (54.5% vs 15.8%, p<0.001), with concomitant chronic kidney disease (57.6% vs 26.3%, p=0.002), chronic heart failure with a low ejection fraction (69.7% vs 36.8%, p=0.001), an initial glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (54.5% vs 22.4%, p=0.001) and a left ventricular ejection fraction below 40% (75.8% vs 51.3%, p=0.022) and a three-vascular lesion of the coronary arteries (63.6% vs 40.8%, p=0.028) were significantly more often observed. Conclusions: AKI in patients with STEMI complicated by CS after intracoronary intervention was associated with an age older than 70 years, the presence of a left ventricular ejection fraction of less than 40% and a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m2.
Estimation of vascular stiffness in patients with arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis of the lower limb arteries taking into account hypolipidemic therapy
Authors: Sementsova N. A. , Chesnikova A. I. , Safronenko V. A. , Skarzhinskaya N. S.
Published: September 2022

Objective: estimation of parameters of vascular stiffness in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities (AALE) taking into account statin therapy. Materials and methods: 120 patients with AH were divided into 3 groups: group 1 — 46 patients with AH and clinically manifested AALE, group 2 — 39 patients with AH and asymptomatic AALE, group 3 — 35 patients with AH without AALE. The patients of each group were divided into 2 subgroups: the 1st subgroup — not receiving statins, the 2nd subgroup — taking statins. All patients underwent laboratory and instrumental studies, including the determination of vascular stiffness parameters using the Vasotens software («Peter Telegin», Nizhny Novgorod) and ultrasonic triplex scanning of the arteries of the lower extremities. Statistical data processing was carried out using Microsoft Office Excel 16 (2015, Microsoft, USA), Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft, USA), IBM SPSS Statistica 26.0 (IBM, USA). Results: lower values of total cholesterol were found in patients of the 2nd subgroup of all studied groups (p<0,05), as well as lower values of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLС) among patients of the 2nd subgroup of the second and third groups (<0,05). In patients of all groups, when using statins, the target values of LDLC were not achieved. Lower values of the arterial stiffness index (ASI) and augmentation index (AIx) were found in patients of the first group of the 2nd subgroup receiving statins in comparison with patients of the 1st subgroup (p<0,05). In patients of the second group of the 2nd subgroup, while taking statins, there was a clear trend towards a lower ASI value compared to the 1st subgroup (p=0.07). Conclusions: the use of statins in patients with hypertension and AALE of varying severity, despite the lack of achievement of target levels of LDLC, contributed to a decrease in vascular stiffness, and, consequently, a decrease in cardiovascular risk.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of different methods of surgical hemostasis in patients with placenta accreta spectrum disorders
Authors: Tskhay V. B. , Bakunina A. A.
Published: September 2022

Currently, the medical community has accumulated significant experience in the use of endovascular methods in obstetric practice to achieve hemostasis and prevent massive hemorrhage, including in patients with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders. Objective — to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods of uterine devascularization in reducing blood loss during caesarean section in patients with PAS. In this review, we analyzed relevant literature and assessed the quality of clinical trials based on a systematic search in the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. The review presents an overview of modern methods of uterine devascularization aimed at reducing intraoperative blood loss in patients with PAS. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of such methods of uterine devascularization as temporary balloon occlusion of the internal iliac arteries, common iliac arteries, abdominal aorta, as well as arterial compression using distal hemostasis was carried out. We evaluated effectiveness of the methods by such indicators as the mean amount of blood loss and the frequency of hysterectomy. The most effective methods of hemostasis in patients with PAS are temporary balloon occlusion of the abdominal aorta and the method of distal hemostasis. At the same time, there is still no ideal method for uterine devascularization in PAS, and clinical research in this direction should be continued.
The profile of comorbid conditions and the structure of mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the Stavropol Territory: preliminary results
Authors: Shchendrigin I. N. , Mazharov V. N.
Published: September 2022

Objective: to study the comorbid background and mortality structure of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the Stavropol region in a cohort of patients of the Stavropol Regional Clinical Hospital (SRCH) within the period 2015–2021. Materials and methods: There was carried out systematic review of the literature. There was carried out the analysis of the protocols of autopsies in the pathoanatomical department of the SRCH within 2015-2021. There were studied the comorbidity component and lethal outcomes of patients with RA in the pathoanatomical diagnosis. Results: the structure of the comorbid pathology of RA patients in the SRCH cohort included coronary heart disease (CHD), autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), respiratory diseases (RD), hypertension (HT), “Blastomatosis”, diabetes mellitus (DM), COVID-19 infection. The comorbidity profile of patients with RA in decreasing order of the incidence of the pathological condition was as follows: CHD (35.29%) > RD (29.41%) > (“Blastomatosis”, СOVID-19 by 11.75%) > (AT, HT, DM by 5.88%). The structure of the conditions that led to the death of patients with RA included: acute myocardial infarction (40.0%), hemorrhagic stroke (6.67%), breast cancer (13.33%), thyroid cancer (6.67%), viral pneumonia (20.0%), sepsis (13.33%). Conclusions: the data obtained provide information that can be used by rheumatologists to optimize the strategy for managing RA and the risk of comorbid conditions.
Clinical and socio-demographic factors influencing social adaptation in individuals with gender incongruence
Authors: Solovieva N. V. , Kremenitskaya S. A. , Makarova E. V.
Published: September 2022

Objective: to identify potentially reversible clinical and socio-demographic factors influencing the social adaptation of patients with gender incongruence (GI). Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of 926 patient records with MtF and FtM GI was performed. Results: among the patients who applied, 44.38% were MtF, 55.62% were FtM. The mean age was 24.0 years (from 13 to 65 years). The educational level of patients is mainly represented by higher (44.2%) and specialized (22.3%) education, 43% of persons lived in the village, 57% - in urban areas. The majority of those who applied grew up in a complete family (82.02%). The first manifestations of GI started mainly in the prepubertal (26.4%) and parapubertal (61.6%) period (up to 13 years). The average age of accepting oneself as a transgender person was 17.0 years. Steps to reduce dysphoria and receive specialized care are usually taken after the age of 20. 83.1% of transgender patients had depressive episodes, and a third (38.5%) had autoaggression. Additional psychiatric diagnoses were present in 24.5% of patients and are represented by 3 groups of diseases: group 1 (6.2%) — potentially reversible neurotic disorders; group 2 (14.1%) — background mental illnesses that are not the cause of GI; group 3 (4.3%) — other mental states with “ideas of sex change”. Conclusions: improvement of social adaptation and prevention of emotional and psychological experiences in persons with GI, assistance is possible at several levels: family, educational institutions, medical community, patient organizations.
Study of the role of etiological factors on the likelihood of organic personality disorder
Authors: Khudina J. S. , Zaika V. G.
Published: September 2022

Objective: to study the influence of etiological factors on the possibility of the formation of organic personality disorder. Materials and methods: 80 patients with organic personality disorder were examined. The control group was represented by 82 healthy volunteers. Research methods: anamnestic, clinical, and statistical. Results: it was established that heredity aggravated by mental illness, alcoholization and drug addiction of relatives of different kinship lines, perinatal pathology factors associated with the child, diseases suffered in childhood (infectious diseases, etc.), which resulted in severe outcomes in the early stages of treatment in the form of hospitalizations or other complications in the form of pneumonia, bronchitis, etc., convulsive conditions, traumatic brain injuries received in childhood, reveal a reliably significant probability for the occurrence of organic personality disorder. The effect factor of operative interventions performed under general anesthesia in childhood did not show a statistically significant effect. Conclusions: heredity, perinatal pathology, some diseases suffered in childhood, convulsive states and various types of traumatic brain injury significantly increase the likelihood of organic personality disorder.
Gender nonconformity as a problem of mentalization
Authors: Vinogradova K. S.
Published: September 2022

Objective — to study and analyze the current trends among Western scientists and mental health professionals regarding issues of gender identity; to study the data of foreign and domestic studies concerning the problems of gender incongruence, gender dysphoria and their comorbidity with mental disorders, personality disorders, especially with schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders; to identify promising areas of scientific research in this direction. Source search in electronic databases was carried out mainly for the past 5 years among foreign and russian publications, including Web of science, Researchgate.net, Google Scholar, Elibrary, Cyberleninka systems, using phrases such as gender identity disorder, gender identity disorder comorbidity, gender identity disorder schizophrenia, gender identity disorder autism, gender nonconformity, mentalization personality disorder. The article presents the data of modern publications and studies, showing, on the one hand, the tendency of Western experts to depathologize gender incongruence, promote gender transition, on the other hand, an active study of the relationship between this phenomenon with autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, personality disorders. According to the presented studies, the influence of mentalization features on the presence of mental disorders and gender incongruence is revealed.
Predicción de la composición tisular de canales de corderos “Blackbelly” usando mediciones in vivo y postmortem
Authors: Gómez-Vázquez Armando , Dzib-Cauich Dany Alejandro , López-Durán Saravasti , Muñoz Osorio Germani Adrián , Miccoli Florencia Estefanía , Canul-Solis Jorge R. , Castillo-Sánchez Luis E. , Chay-Canul Alfonso Juventino
Published: September 2022

Objective. Predict the tissue carcass composition of “Blackbelly” lambs using in vivo and postmortem measurements. Materials and methods. Twenty lambs with an average age and weight of seven months and 29.07±2.88 kg, respectively, were used. Before slaughter, the subcutaneous fat thickness, depth, width and Longissimus dorsi muscle area were measured with ultrasonography. After slaughter, the cold carcass and tissues: muscle, fat and bone weight, were recorded. In the carcass, the thoracic depth, length, perimeter, length and width of the leg, as well as the compactness index, were also measured and recorded. Correlation analysis and regression models were used to predict tissue carcass composition. Results. The carcass tissues were correlated with L. dorsi muscle depth (p≤0.05; r-values ranged from 0.67 to 0.80) and carcass compactness index (p≤0.05; r ranged from 0.54 to 0.75). The r2 for the prediction equations of the carcass tissue composition ranged from 0.71 to 0.78 for fat (p≤0.001). Conclusions. The use of in vivo and postmortem measurements allowed the prediction of tissue carcass composition of lambs, with moderate to high accuracy (r2 >0.71≤ and ≤0.78).
Telepresence Robot Intervention to Reduce Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Adults Living at Home (Project DOMIROB): Protocol for a Clinical Nonrandomized Study
Authors: Isabet Baptiste , Rigaud Anne-Sophie , Li Wanji , Pino Maribel
Published: September 2022

Background

There is a growing prevalence of loneliness and social isolation among older adults (OAs). These problems are often associated with depressive states, cognitive decline, sleep disorders, addictions, and increased mortality. To limit loneliness and social isolation in OAs, some authors recommend the use of new communication technologies to maintain a social link with family members as well as with health and social care professionals. Among these communication tools, telepresence robots (TRs) seem to be a promising solution. These robots offer users the possibility of making video calls with their relatives, social workers, and health care professionals, to maintain social contact and access to support services while living at home. Nevertheless, TRs have been relatively unstudied in real-life environments.

Objective

The main objective of this study is to measure the impact of a 12-week intervention using a TR on the feeling of loneliness and on social isolation of OAs living at home. Its secondary objective is to establish recommendations for the implementation of TRs in the studied context.

Methods

A nonrandomized study will be conducted among 60 OAs living at home who will participate in the study for 24 weeks. During this period, they will host a TR for 12 weeks to use it in their home. After the end of the intervention a 12-week follow-up ensues. In total, 4 evaluations will be performed over the entire experimental phase for each participant at weeks 0, 6, 12, and 24. A multidimensional assessment of the impact of the robot will be performed using a multimethod approach including standardized scales and a semistructured interview. This assessment will also help to identify the ergonomic aspects that influence the robot’s usability and acceptability among OAs.

Results

Data collection started in September 2020 and is expected to be completed in early 2023. In August 2022, 56 participants were recruited for the study. Data analysis will take place between August 2022 and is expected to be completed in early 2023.

Conclusions

The DOMIROB study will provide new knowledge on the impact of social TRs in OAs living at home. The results will make it possible to suggest technological, ethical, and organizational recommendations for the use and implementation of TRs for OAs in real-life settings.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04767100; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04767100

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/40528
Predicting Measles Outbreaks in the United States: Evaluation of Machine Learning Approaches (Preprint)
Authors: Ru Boshu , Kujawski Stephanie , Lee Afanador Nelson , Baumgartner Richard , Pawaskar Manjiri , Das Amar
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Measles, a highly contagious viral infection, is resurging in the United States, driven by international importation and declining domestic vaccination coverage. Despite this resurgence, measles outbreaks are still rare events that are difficult to predict. Improved methods to predict outbreaks at the county level would facilitate the optimal allocation of public health resources.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to validate and compare extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and logistic regression, 2 supervised learning approaches, to predict the US counties most likely to experience measles cases. We also aimed to assess the performance of hybrid versions of these models that incorporated additional predictors generated by 2 clustering algorithms, hierarchical density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (HDBSCAN) and unsupervised random forest (uRF).

METHODS

We constructed a supervised machine learning model based on XGBoost and unsupervised models based on HDBSCAN and uRF. The unsupervised models were used to investigate clustering patterns among counties with measles outbreaks; these clustering data were also incorporated into hybrid XGBoost models as additional input variables. The machine learning models were then compared to logistic regression models with and without input from the unsupervised models.

RESULTS

Both HDBSCAN and uRF identified clusters that included a high percentage of counties with measles outbreaks. XGBoost and XGBoost hybrid models outperformed logistic regression and logistic regression hybrid models, with the area under the receiver operating curve values of 0.920-0.926 versus 0.900-0.908, the area under the precision-recall curve values of 0.522-0.532 versus 0.485-0.513, and F2 scores of 0.595-0.601 versus 0.385-0.426. Logistic regression or logistic regression hybrid models had higher sensitivity than XGBoost or XGBoost hybrid models (0.837-0.857 vs 0.704-0.735) but a lower positive predictive value (0.122-0.141 vs 0.340-0.367) and specificity (0.793-0.821 vs 0.952-0.958). The hybrid versions of the logistic regression and XGBoost models had slightly higher areas under the precision-recall curve, specificity, and positive predictive values than the respective models that did not include any unsupervised features.

CONCLUSIONS

XGBoost provided more accurate predictions of measles cases at the county level compared with logistic regression. The threshold of prediction in this model can be adjusted to align with each county’s resources, priorities, and risk for measles. While clustering pattern data from unsupervised machine learning approaches improved some aspects of model performance in this imbalanced data set, the optimal approach for the integration of such approaches with supervised machine learning models requires further investigation.
Association Between the Severity of Depressive Symptoms and Human-Smartphone Interactions: Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Xiao , Knights Jonathan , Bangieva Victoria , Kambhampati Vinayak
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Various behavioral sensing research studies have found that depressive symptoms are associated with human-smartphone interaction behaviors, including lack of diversity in unique physical locations, entropy of time spent in each location, sleep disruption, session duration, and typing speed. These behavioral measures are often tested against the total score of depressive symptoms, and the recommended practice to disaggregate within- and between-person effects in longitudinal data is often neglected.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to understand depression as a multidimensional process and explore the association between specific dimensions and behavioral measures computed from passively sensed human-smartphone interactions. We also aimed to highlight the nonergodicity in psychological processes and the importance of disaggregating within- and between-person effects in the analysis.

METHODS

Data used in this study were collected by Mindstrong Health, a telehealth provider that focuses on individuals with serious mental illness. Depressive symptoms were measured by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure-Adult Survey every 60 days for a year. Participants’ interactions with their smartphones were passively recorded, and 5 behavioral measures were developed and were expected to be associated with depressive symptoms according to either theoretical proposition or previous empirical evidence. Multilevel modeling was used to explore the longitudinal relations between the severity of depressive symptoms and these behavioral measures. Furthermore, within- and between-person effects were disaggregated to accommodate the nonergodicity commonly found in psychological processes.

RESULTS

This study included 982 records of DSM Level 1 depressive symptom measurements and corresponding human-smartphone interaction data from 142 participants (age range 29-77 years; mean age 55.1 years, SD 10.8 years; 96 female participants). Loss of interest in pleasurable activities was associated with app count (γ10=−0.14; P=.01; within-person effect). Depressed mood was associated with typing time interval (γ05=0.88; P=.047; within-person effect) and session duration (γ05=−0.37; P=.03; between-person effect).

CONCLUSIONS

This study contributes new evidence for associations between human-smartphone interaction behaviors and the severity of depressive symptoms from a dimensional perspective, and it highlights the importance of considering the nonergodicity of psychological processes and analyzing the within- and between-person effects separately.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use in Bodybuilders and the Dermatologist’s Role in Patient Care (Preprint)
Authors: Furth Garrett , Marroquin Nathaniel A , Kirk Jessica , Ajmal Hamza , Szeto Mindy D , Zueger Morgan , Quinn Alyssa P , Carboni Alexa , Dellavalle Robert P
Published: September 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Young adults have been increasingly facing pressure to achieve an appealing athletic physique, often influenced by social media influencers on platforms like Instagram. This viewpoint highlights the association between image-centric social media, dissatisfied body image, the use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) to achieve desired results, and the overlooked dermatological side effects of AAS, including acne and acne fulminans. We underscore the importance of recognizing acne fulminans as an indicator of possible AAS abuse and encourage dermatologists to actively identify and address AAS use to improve their patients’ well-being.
Somatostatin Analog-Based Radiopharmaceuticals for Molecular Imaging and Therapy of Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Ritawidya Rien , Palangka Citra Rezza Aurora Putri , Humani Titis Sekar , Susilo Veronika Yulianti , Darojatin Ilma , Pujiyanto Anung
Published: September 2022

Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers such as neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), but the expression in normal cells is relatively low. Therefore, SSTRs serve a potential target for molecular imaging and therapeutic applications of NETs. This review presents the development of somatostatin analog-labeled with gamma-emitting radionuclides such as 111In, 99mTc, and 123I for the visualization of NETs via single-photon emission tomography (SPECT). Additionally, the development of somatostatin analog-radiolabeled with positron emitting radionuclide such as 68Ga for the molecular imaging of NETs with positron emission tomography (PET) is also presented herein. Moreover, this review describes 177Lu-, 90Y-, and 111In-labeled somatostatin analogs as peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) agents for the therapeutic application of NETs. These radiolabeled-somatostatin analogs showed promising results with good images quality and high tumor uptake. These results highlight the potential application of radiopharmaceuticals-based somatostatin analogs for the molecular imaging and targeted treatment of NETs.
Delivery of Potential Drugs to The Colon: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Iswandana Raditya , Putri Kurnia Sari Setio , Larasati Sekar Arum , Gunawan Maxius , Putri Fathia Amalia
Published: September 2022

Colon-targeted drug delivery systems have been exploited to treat local diseases in the colon, systemic delivery of protein and peptide, and chronotherapeutic drugs. The upper gastrointestinal tract restricts the effective delivery of these drugs. Therefore, several strategies are needed for targeted drugs directly to the colon, such as pH-sensitive polymers, enzyme-sensitive polymers, bacterially degradable polysaccharides, time-dependent polymers, and particulate systems. However, variable physiological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract in individuals cause combinations of these strategies are needed to ensure colonic delivery of the drug. This review presents and discusses several potential drugs and their approaches used to design and develop colon-targeted drug delivery systems for medications with particular characteristics.
Antibacterial Activity and GC–MS Based Metabolite Profiles of Indonesian Marine Bacillus
Authors: Murniasih Tutik Murniasih , P Masteria Yunovilsa , Untari  Febriana
Published: September 2022

Investigating Indonesian marine bacteria producing active compounds is key to finding a cultivable source of marine drugs. Screening the potential strain as well as profiling the active compounds are important steps to identifying the targeted substances. Methods used in this study were isolated some Bacillus strains from several marine environments in Indonesia, evaluated the antibacterial activity, and characterized the secondary metabolite using GC-MS spectroscopy. Several active antimicrobial compounds derived from marine microorganisms were identified using GC-MS such as pyrrolo [1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, octatriacontyl pentafluoropropionate. We found that some marine bacillus showed antimicrobial activity, such as B. flexus, B. tequilensis, B subtilis, and Bacillus sp. Profiling of metabolites on GC-MS showed the presence of several bioactive compounds in the ethyl acetate extract, which were identified to be nitrogen compounds such as pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, phthalates compounds (butyl isohexyl ester and 1,2 benzendicarboxilate bis (2-etilhexyl) ester), and dibutyl phthalate. Some phenolic compounds also were found, such as tris (2,4-di-ter-butilfenil) fosfat, phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl), and phenol 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl). Finally, fatty acid derivatives such as n-hexadecanoic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, 7-hexadecene, farnesol isomer A, and stigmastan-3,5-diene were also identified in several marine bacillus.