bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Small Incision Sutureless Cataract Extraction with and without Posterior Chamber Lens
Authors: Hussain Mumtaz , Rehman Saeed Ur , Din Nawab , Akhtar Saleem , Chaudhry Afzal , Waqas Muhammad
Published: May 2019

A total of 27 cases were operated at LGH durmg the December 1992 to June 1996, over a period of 4 years With a few complications. the procedure was encouraging. Good visual results were observed in 85% of the cases. Males were 19 and females were 8. The preferred choice of the patients was of younger age group. Posterior capsular rent occurred in 4 patients 3 patients did not like the PCL. And 24 underwent PECCE with PCL
The prevalence, profiles and pattern of Drug Addiction in Bahawalpur City and its Suburbs
Authors: Ali Mohammad Ashraf , Khan Rao Ahsan Ur Rehman , Rizvi Syed Ijlal Haider
Published: May 2019

All the patients presenting in the outpatient department of the Drug Control & Rehabilitation Center QMC/BVH, Bahawalpur during the period starting from January 1995 to August 1999, with the presenting features of substance abuse were included in this study. A total of 3813 patients were included in the study during this period. All patients with any other underlying diseases or symptoms due to therapeutic usage of drugs were screened out of the purview of this study. Those with psychiatric illnesses were also ruled out. This study revealed that addiction with opium is on the rise as compared to heroin, in Bahawalpur region, after a period of relative neglect following the phenomenal epidemic of the latter.
ABO Blood Group in Patients with Peptic Ulcer Disease: Association with Secretor Status
Authors: Akhtar Muhammad Naveed , Tayyib Auhammad , Tasneem Tahira , Butt Anjum Rashid
Published: May 2019

Aims and objective of the study is to find ABO blood group association with secretor status in peptic ulcer disease patients. ABO blood grouping by direct agglutination test and secretor status by agglutination inhibition test. 50 controls and 50 endoscopically diagnosed PUD patients were selected. Blood group O is associated with duodenal ulcer but no association with secretor status was found.
Huntington`s Chorea - a Case Report and review of literature
Authors: Afzal Muhammad , Iqbal Anjum , Azam Nadeem , Javed Koukab , Shahid Ghana
Published: May 2019

A 45 years old gentleman presented to Medical Clinic of Naval Hospital (PNS Hafeez) Islamabad in January 2001 with choreform movements of the body and early dementia of six months duration. He had a strong family history of similar disease, which included his father and two brothers. On neurological examination he had choreoathetoid movements and features of early dementia. His chest was clinically clear and examination of heart and abdomen was normal. Eye examination did not reveal any evidence of Kayser-Fleischer rings (seen in Wilson`s disease). Laboratory investigations showed haemoglobin 13.8 Gm/dl, WBC 7.7 x10e9/L, serum urea 32 mg/dl, serum sodium 139 mmol/L serum potassium 3.8 mmol/L, ASO titre less than 200 IU/ml, serum bilirubin 6 umol/L, ALT 102 U/L, serum alkaline phosphatase 155 U/L, serum caeruloplasmin 42 mg/dl and serum copper 164 mmol/L (WNL). X-ray chest was normal and CT scan brain showed early generalized cerebral atrophy. He was managed with haloperidol (0.5mg) 12 hourly, Procyclidine (kemadrin, 5mg) 8 hourly and Propranolol (Inderal 10mg) 8 hourly. He was discharged from hospital with relative improvement after 2 weeks.
Methodical recommendations on the use of computer game sims for the development of foreign language lexical skills
Authors: Voskresenskaia Tatiana Anatolievna
Published: May 2019

This article deals with the problems of teaching modern English to younger schoolchildren, who are also called «digital natives». Children born with «gadgets in their hands» require the use of new means of teaching a foreign language. Using the video game SIMs as an example, the possibility of involving students in the school curriculum, which helps to increase motivation, interest, and increase the authority of a teacher during lessons, is shown. Of course, this requires specific equipment, and most importantly, the teacher's desire to be on the same wavelength with the students.
Where do the challenges to the territorial integrity of Russia come from?
Authors: Peshcherov Georgii Ivanovich
Published: May 2019

The article is devoted to the study of the most urgent problem of the present – the territorial integrity of Russia, where the author analyzes the threat to the national security of the country in the conditions of the current aggravation of the international situation. The author makes a philosophical interpretation of the concept of national security and conducts an analysis of a unique combination of a set of Russian peoples, united by a centuries-old idea of a single state. Considering the different periods of the historical development of Russia, the author gives grounded arguments, confirming the constant desire of our «kind» neighbors to share the rich Russian pie. Considering a direct threat from the US, the author quotes statements of statesmen whose words are evidence of an aggressive policy towards Russia.
Cryptocurrency as an alternative investment tool
Authors: Siniavskii Nikolai Nikolaevich
Published: May 2019

This article is devoted to the analyses of cryptocurrency investments return. The main purpose of the report is to compare profitability of a cryptocurrency portfolio and an investment portfolio. The report gives the detailed description to the investing. It outlines the essence of cryptocurrency. The report includes the possible definitions of the digital economy. By analyzing the return rates of equity investment and cryptocurrency investment, we define the investing benefits of it.
Isothermal Amplification Methods for the SNP Genotyping
Authors: Sharafdarkolaee Somayeh Heidari , Gill Pooria , Motovali-Bashi Majid , Sharafdarkolaee Fatemeh Heidari
Published: May 2019

The demands for genotyping techniques with acceptable precision, accuracy, cost-effectiveness in high throughput formats made driving forces for continuous development of novel technologies. A wide range of mutation detection techniques based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have been introduced. The best alternatives were the isothermal amplification technologies that those did not require a thermal cycler. In this review, we aimed to describe the most known isothermal amplification techniques for SNP genotyping.
Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Aminothiazole Derivatives as Antileishmanial Agents
Authors: Rezaei Zahra , Sarkari Bahador , Khabnadideh Soghra , Farjami Mahbobeh , Mehrjou Mahsa , Yazdi Atefeh , Riazimontazer Elham , Fararouei Mohammad
Published: May 2019

Background:

Leishmaniasis is a major health problem which is caused by the protozoan
parasite of the genus Leishmania. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one type of leishmaniasis and selflimited
in most of the cases. However, when the lesions come with scars, they make a deep lifelong
stigma. Despite being WHO's research priority, the optimum treatment for this disease has not
been found yet. The current study aimed to synthesize and assess the activity of some new aminothiazole
compounds against Leishmania major-induced cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice.

Methods:

Eight new aminothiazole derivatives were synthesized and their chemical structures
were characterized by spectral data 1H-NMR spectroscopy, Mass spectrophotometry and elemental
analysis. L. major parasites were inoculated into the tail base of BALB/c mice and the induced lesions
were treated every other day with three different doses of the synthesized compounds against
meglumine antimoniate as the drug reference for two weeks. Size of the lesions was observed for
three weeks and the collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. Also, these compounds are
docked into the active site of 14- α-demethylase as the targets in the treatment of leishmaniasis.

Results:

Among the synthesized aminothiazole derivatives, compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 had good
leishmanicidal effects. Docking binding energies showed that the synthesized compounds could act
as inhibitors for 14- α-demethylase.

Conclusions:

Among the synthesized compounds, compound 3, (N-((4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)
methyl)thiazol-2-amine) was the most promising one which deserves future studies for the treatment
of leishmaniasis.
Nanocarriers Based Novel Drug Delivery as Effective Drug Delivery: A Review
Authors: Shirsath Nitin R. , Goswami Ajaygiri K.
Published: May 2019

Background:

A lot of people are facing some health-related problems in day to day life. The conventional drug delivery is not able to cure it alone, moreover, some drugs have poor solubility, low half-life and show lesser bioavailability. It is necessary to conduct research on carrier-based nanoparticulate drug delivery, this is an alternative approach to alter/eliminate the problem of conventional dosing for better effectiveness, patient compliance, and effective drug targeting.

Objective:

To develop a carrier-based nanoparticulate drug delivery system for the elimination of problems associated with conventional dosage form.

Method:

In this review, different problems associated with conventional dosage form as well as potential advantages of the nanoparticulate delivery systems have been discussed. We also discussed their different route for administration such as oral, intranasal, ocular, transdermal, vaginal etc. for effective drug targeting. It has been found that different nanocarriers based drug delivery have been able to enhance the bioavailability, solubility, minimized adverse effect as well as effective in Gene delivery also. Ionic gelation, Solvent evaporation, emulsification, homogenization, lyophilisation, etc. are techniques used for their development.

Conclusion:

The carrier-based drug delivery technique act as an effective drug delivery system for the treatment of various diseases/disorders as well as provides better efficiency, bioavailability and improve patient compliance.
Targeting the Infant Gut Microbiota Through a Perinatal Educational Dietary Intervention: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Dawson Samantha L , Craig Jeffrey M , Clarke Gerard , Mohebbi Mohammadreza , Dawson Phillip , Tang Mimi LK , Jacka Felice N
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND

The early life gut microbiota are an important regulator of the biological pathways contributing toward the pathogenesis of noncommunicable disease. It is unclear whether improvements to perinatal diet quality could alter the infant gut microbiota.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a perinatal educational dietary intervention in influencing gut microbiota in mothers and infants 4 weeks after birth.

METHODS

The Healthy Parents, Healthy Kids randomized controlled trial aimed to recruit 90 pregnant women from Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. At week 26 of gestation, women were randomized to receive dietary advice from their doctor (n=45), or additionally receive a dietary intervention (n=45). The intervention included an educational workshop and 2 support calls aiming to align participants’ diets with the Australian Dietary Guidelines and increase intakes of prebiotic and probiotic foods. The educational design focused on active learning and self-assessment. Behavior change techniques were used to support dietary adherence, and the target behavior was eating for the gut microbiota. Exclusion criteria were age under 18 years, diagnosed mental illnesses, obesity, diabetes mellitus, diagnosed bowel conditions, exclusion diets, illicit drug use, antibiotic use, prebiotic or probiotic supplementation, and those lacking dietary autonomy. The primary outcome measure is a between-group difference in alpha diversity in infant stool collected 4 weeks after birth. Secondary outcomes include evaluating the efficacy of the intervention in influencing infant and maternal stool microbial composition and short chain fatty acid concentrations, epigenetic profile, and markers of inflammation and stress, as well as changes in maternal dietary intake and well-being. The study and intervention feasibility and acceptance will also be evaluated as secondary outcomes.

RESULTS

The study results are yet to be written. The first participant was enrolled on July 28, 2016, and the final follow-up assessment was completed on October 11, 2017.

CONCLUSIONS

Data from this study will provide new insights regarding the ability of interventions targeting the perinatal diet to alter the maternal and infant gut microbiota. If this intervention is proven, our findings will support larger studies aiming to guide the assembly of gut microbiota in early life.

CLINICALTRIAL

Australian Clinical Trials Registration Number ACTRN12616000936426; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=370939

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/14771
A Bayesian Network–Based Browsing Model for Patients Seeking Radiology-Related Information on Hospital Websites: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Suzuki Ryusuke , Suzuki Teppei , Tsuji Shintaro , Fujiwara Kensuke , Yamashina Hiroko , Endoh Akira , Ogasawara Katsuhiko
Published: May 2019

BACKGROUND

An increasing number of people are visiting hospital websites to seek better services and treatments compared to the past. It is therefore important for hospitals to develop websites to meet the needs of their patients. However, few studies have investigated whether and how the current hospital websites meet the patient’s needs. Above all, in radiation departments, it may be difficult for patients to obtain the desired information regarding modality and diagnosis because such information is subdivided when described on a website.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to suggest a hospital website search behavior model by analyzing the browsing behavior model using a Bayesian network from the perspective of one-to-one marketing.

METHODS

First, we followed the website access log of Hokkaido University Hospital, which was collected from September 1, 2016, to August 31, 2017, and analyzed the access log using Google Analytics. Second, we specified the access records related to radiology from visitor browsing pages and keywords. Third, using these resources, we structured 3 Bayesian network models based on specific patient needs: radiotherapy, nuclear medicine examination, and radiological diagnosis. Analyzing each model, this study considered why some visitors could not reach their desired page and improvements to meet the needs of visitors seeking radiology-related information.

RESULTS

The radiotherapy model showed that 74% (67/90) of the target visitors could reach their requested page, but only 2% (2/90) could reach the Center page where inspection information, one of their requested pages, is posted. By analyzing the behavior of the visitors, we clarified that connecting with the radiotherapy and radiological diagnosis pages is useful for increasing the proportion of patients reaching their requested page.

CONCLUSIONS

We proposed solutions for patient web-browsing accessibility based on a Bayesian network. Further analysis is necessary to verify the accuracy of the proposed model in comparison to other models. It is expected that information provided on hospital websites will be improved using this method.
The Nexus between Export and Economic Growth in Tanzania
Authors: Dimoso (PhD, Economics) Romanus L. , Dickson (MSc. Economics) UTONGA,
Published: May 2019

This study explored the causal relationship between exports and economic growth in Tanzania. It analyzed time series data for the period of 1980 to 2015. Economic growth is measured in terms of growth per cent while exports are measured in percentage change of goods and services sold abroad. Econometrics analysis was employed in the due course. Such procedures as testing for the presence of unit root, co-integration and causality were done. Furthermore, the Johansen co-integration and Granger causality tests were employed to examine the long-run relationship among variables. The results of co-integration indicate the existence of one co-integrating equation. The causality test results exhibited causality which runs from economic growth to exports. The results conclude that, in the long run, there is a relationship between exports and economic growth in Tanzania. This study recommends the Government to make efforts to improve exports and eventually, in the long-run, rejuvenating the economy.
La utilidad del análisis de las políticas públicas: una forma de mejorar racionalmente la solución de los problemas públicos y comprender la acción del Estado
Authors: Peña Llanes José Joel
Published: May 2019

Este artículo tiene como objetivo central explicar, a partir de textos clásicos de la Administración Pública, cuál es la utilidad del análisis de las políticas públicas, partiendo de la premisa de que éstas son un elemento constitutivo de la vida pública democrática al fungir como un vínculo entre los ciudadanos y el gobierno. Para lograr dicho objetivo, se hará referencia, entre otros elementos, a la definición de políticas públicas, a su ciclo de vida y a los distintos enfoques para su análisis.
Dinámicas de la Administración Pública en las transformaciones de la vida estatal contemporánea
Authors: Uvalle Berrones Ricardo
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo analiza y explica los procesos de cambio de la Administración Pública contemporánea bajo la premisa del gobierno del gobierno, que depende del trabajo de gabinete y de las agencias estatales e involucra tareas de dirección, coordinación e implementación como elemento funcional en la vida productiva y social. Así, el artículo enfatiza las condiciones de crisis, democratización de relaciones económicas, resurgimiento del espacio público y el imperativo de generar mejor calidad de vida, propias de la posmodernidad, donde la Administración Pública enfrenta retos y exigencias de alta complejidad en temas de desigualdad social, aceleración de innovación tecnológica, nacionalismos, crimen organizado, problemas sanitarios, migración, etc., y cuya atención efectiva depende de la calidad del proceso de gobernar, así como de la dirección de sus decisiones.
La participación como agente de cambio en la consolidación de la mujer como actor social y político dentro de la Administración Pública Federal
Authors: García Cruz Karen
Published: May 2019

El presente trabajo se fundamenta en la inquietud de situar al modelo de participación como punto neurálgico, cuya finalidad sea trazar dos caminos a saber: la participación como herramienta para decodificar y transformar los preceptos socioculturales (condición de género) y a causa de lo anterior, la segunda vertiente, se sitúa en que la participación sea una vía de reconocimiento y visibilización de la mujer, esto es, como un actor social y político, mismo que la posiciona dentro de la estructura de poder negando la existencia de un sujeto universal, el hombre. Bajo la lógica de ser-en-el-mundo, para existir-en-el-mundo. (Lagarde, Marcela, 2012:28).
La mujer en la Administración Pública Federal: discriminación, hostigamiento sexual y bajos salarios
Authors: Ubaldo Varela María Del Rosario
Published: May 2019

Las mujeres han sufrido todo tipo de violencia y discriminación de forma acentuada desde la configuración de la diferencia de la clase trabajadora con el inicio del capitalismo. El presente ensayo pretende señalar a partir de datos de interés la forma en que dichas pautas de interacción continúan reproduciéndose, aún en espacios como la Administración Pública Federal, donde se observan conductas de esta índole a partir de los prejuicios y roles de género arraigados en la sociedad.
La Orquesta del Conservatorio en el seno de la Universidad Nacional (1917-1929)
Authors: Beristáin-Cardoso José-Ángel
Published: May 2019

El artículo tiene como principal objetivo analizar la configuración del campo artístico de los músicos del Conservatorio en el seno de la Universidad Nacional de México, permitiendo develar elementos de pertenencia para el fortalecimiento de su identidad y su proyección en agrupaciones musicales instrumentales como la Orquesta Sinfónica de Alumnos del Conservatorio y la Agrupación Universitaria de Música de Cámara. En este campo, los músicos universitarios siguieron siendo legitimados por el Conservatorio como los destinatarios titulares en su acercamiento a la alta cultura, para llevarla a las capas populares en el contexto del nacionalismo de los gobiernos posrevolucionarios. Se demuestra que el proyecto de fundación del Conservatorio de Música incluyó la creación de una orquesta representativa de alumnos y maestros, y que en la etapa en que se integró esta institución a la Universidad Nacional, la actividad musical se apuntaló con el Plan General de Trabajo del Departamento de Extensión Universitaria, acorde con los principios de difusión, cooperación y servicio social.
Power Over Sexuality in Joss Wibisono’s Rijsttafel Versus Entrecôte
Authors: Giovani Evelin
Published: May 2019

This research is aimed to describe the power of sexuality in Joss Wibisono's Rijsttafel Versus Entrecôte short story using Foucault's concept of power juridic-discursive which investigates the negative relation rulers toward homosexual and assertively power some rules by creating a cycle of prohibition, censorship, and uniformity of the apparatus. This research was conducted by using qualitative research techniques that analyzed the short story Rijsttafel Versus Entrecôte by Joss Wibisono through a post-structural approach. Data is obtained through hermeneutic reading. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that in this short story the power over sexuality was regulated by the Dutch colonial government through the implantation of inferior idea on the values and culture of Bumiputra; the sexuality policymaking that applies to the people of Bumiputra; the creation of discomfort, anxiety, and fear of discuss about homosexuality; and the uniformity of Dutch colonial values over its colonies. The relation between text and actualization in society is the force of power over sexuality that has been going on for a long time and also influenced by the Dutch colonial government’s point of view over homosexual.
Personal Pronoun in Japanese Based on Gender (Structure and Semantic Study)
Authors: Syahrial Syahrial
Published: May 2019

This research analyzed the personal pronouns of Japanese from structure and semantics based on gender.  This research useddescriptive method. To discuss the personal pronoun, the theories used include the theory of Lyons (1997), Samsuri (1980), Djajasudarma (1993), Moeliono, et al. (1993), Alwi, et al. (1998), Quirck, et al. (1985), Keraf (1990), Bambang Kaswanti (1983). while For pronouns, used the theory of Oya (1992), Tomita (1993), Kindaichi (1993). The theory used for gender research was the theory of Tsujimura (1995). The results of this Research shows that the personal pronouns of Japanese are different between The speaker and the listener or addresser and addresseeboth male and female and as well as neutral. The conclusion of this study is that based on gender, personal pronoun in Japanese is different. The differences come between the greeters and the greeted or speaker and his/her partners on male and female basis
Life and Death in Andersen's "Grandmother": A Systemic Functional Grammar Analysis
Authors: Dwijatmoko Benedictus Bherman
Published: May 2019

Hans Christian Andersen's "Grandmother" is a well-written short story about life and death. The analysis of the story using Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) reveals the meaning and ideology which the writer expresses through the work. In the ideational metafunction, the story uses the material and relational processes the most. The use of the two processes presents the grandmother and her character vividly and clearly. In the interpersonal metafunction, the sentences mostly use grandmother, she, and other objects related to her as the subject. The use shows how meaningful the grandmother to her granddaugher, the narrator, is. Furthermore, the change of the tense also indicates the significant transformation of the grandmother. Finally, in the textual metafunction, though low, the use of marked themes emphasizes the life phases of the grandmother. The analysis of the text using SFG reveals the centrality of life and death in the story. The analysis of the ideational, interpersonal, and textual metafunctions of the text reveals well the meaning and ideology which the story conveys. Death is only a transform of a life to another life.
Thinking beyond collateral in value chain lending: access to bank credit for smallholder Vietnamese bamboo and cinnamon farmers
Authors: Luan Do Xuan , Kingsbury Aaron J.
Published: May 2019

Using case studies of the bamboo and cinnamon value chains in rural areas of northern Vietnam, this paper contributes to the existing literature by analyzing barriers and suggests conditions under which value chain lending would be an effective tool for improving smallholder farmers’ access to credit. A mixed method using both in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders and a two-stage Heckman model is employed to explain the existing credit gap. Findings show that in both chains, bank decision-making on lending is typically limited to individual chain actors instead of considering the whole chain. Commercial banks predominately use conventional lending approaches heavily dependent on collateral which typically results in a shortage of credit available to the chain actors. Value chain lending is constrained by weak chain linkages and limited ownership of private bank accounts. Drawing from these cases in Vietnam, the article concludes by arguing that status quo value chain lending in lower-income countries merits considerable rethinking. The lending approaches of banks require innovation to ‘think beyond collateral’ in improving chain cohesion. Multi-stakeholder partnerships are important for successful value chain lending. In addition, farmer-based unions have the potential to address issues of information asymmetry in the credit market.
Analisis preferensi pilihan jenis pekerjaan di Bangka Belitung
Authors: Basorudin Muhammad , Humairo Nadia
Published: May 2019

Preference of job choice is a study to look the pattern of the economy in a region. This study is also used as an alternative measure to look at the economy structure in that region other than GDP distribution. The purpose of this study is to determine the preferences of the working age population in choosing the type of employment based on the number of working hours and gender. By using logistic multinomial regression model, the variables used are the categorical independent variables ie  gender (male and female) and working hours (0-34 hours and 35+ hours per week) and the nominal response variable ie primary jobs (primary, secondary, and tertiary). The results showed that variables the number of working hours and gender significantly affect the main types of primary jobs.
’Og hvis vi så ikke må – jamen hvordan skulle vi vide det?’ Kommunalt kontrolarbejde med socialt bedrageri
Authors: Britt Madsen Line , Frederiksen Morten
Published: May 2019

Kontrolopgaver er i stigende grad en del af offentlig forvaltning, ikke mindst
en del af den kontrolindsats, der udføres inden for den kommunale forvaltning
af offentlige ydelser. Vi ved imidlertid meget lidt om hvordan dette kontrolarbejde
udføres, hvilke typer afgørelser, der knytter sig til det, og hvordan
det forandrer borgernes retstilling som modtagere af offentlige ydelser. Denne
artikel bygger på en mindre etnografisk undersøgelse af en sådan kommunal
kontrolpraksis. I den undersøgte kommune varetager en gruppe medarbejdere
opgaven med at identificere og sagsbehandle formodede sociale bedragere,
at konfrontere de mistænkte med både mistanke og sagsbehandlingens resultater,
samt træffe en afgørelse på kommunens vegne om hvilke konsekvenser
det formodede bedrageri skal have for borgeren. Vores undersøgelse viser
betydningen af, at der bruges et omfattende arsenal af observationsteknikker
både online og fysisk. At der i praksis lægges vægt på sandsynliggørelse
frem for juridisk beviselighed, samt at partshøringspraksisserne får karakter
af indrømmelser med uoverskuelige konsekvenser for borgeren.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT

Line Britt Madsen and Morten Frederiksen:

Municipal investigation into and control of fraud with social benefits

Control has become a more prominent part of public administration – and
especially in the departments administering welfare benefits. However, we
know surprisingly little about how control tasks are carried out, what types
of decisions are made, and how this changes the legal rights of citizens receiving
welfare benefits. This article is based on a small scale ethnographic study
of municipal investigation practices. In the case municipality a specialized
group of employees work to identify and process potential benefit fraud cases
– including both confronting the recipients with the suspicions and deciding
the kind legal action the municipality should pursue. Our study uncovers the
extensive arsenal of investigative techniques employed in these investigations,
including both online and real life observations. The study also shows
that the investigators favour plausibility over proof, and that they aim to get
confessions from recipients under suspicion, but with undisclosed consequences
for the benefit recipient.

Keywords: Social fraud, casework, municipal control, ethnography, interactionism.
Mod en pragmatisk sociologi om fysisk vold
Authors: Kronborg Jønck Mikkel
Published: May 2019

Denne artikel tager afsæt i en kritik af sociologiske studier af vold, der peger
på kulturelle og sociale baggrundsvariable, når voldelige gerninger skal forklares.
Disse studier analyserer sjældent volden som en kompleks og mangefacetteret
social handling, der kalder på teoretiske forklaringer. Som et
delvist svar på denne forsømmelse introduceres til den franske sociolog Luc
Boltanskis »tilnærmede udkast« til en handlingsteori om vold, som er en del
af en større handlingssociologi, der præsenteres i bogen Love and Justice as
Competences. Der peges dog på et grundlæggende konceptuelt problem i Boltanskis
udkast til en teori om vold, som forsøges afhjulpet ved at integrere en
fænomenologisk distinktion mellem henholdsvis lokativ, raptiv og autotelisk
vold heri. Hensigten er at rekonstruere grundlaget for en pragmatisk sociologi
om vold – funderet i en distinktion mellem (først og fremmest) voldens
fysiske former. Formålet med denne rekonstruktion er at gøre fransk pragmatisk
sociologi anvendelig i studiet af situationer, hvor vold spiller en rolle.
Herved åbnes op for sociologisk analyse af en handlingsform, som har været
tildelt sparsom opmærksomhed i sociologien.

ENGELSK ABSTRACT

Mikkel Kronborg Jønck:

Towards a pragmatic sociology of physical violence

This article begins with a critique of a number of sociological studies of violence
that use cultural or social background variables as primary explanations
for the causes of violence. Sociological studies of violence rarely analyze
violence itself or violent situations as complex and multifaceted social actions
that need to be theorized. As a partial response to this lack of theory, the article
presents the French sociologist Luc Boltanski’s »approximated outline« of a
theory of violence from the book Love and Justice as Competences. However, the
article identifies a fundamental conceptual problem in Boltanski’s approach,
and offers a suggestion for overcoming it by integrating a phenomenological
distinction between locative, raptive and autotelic violence. The article attempts
to reconstruct the foundation of a pragmatic theory of violence based,
first and foremost, on a distinction between three physical forms of violence.
The purpose of this reconstruction is to render French pragmatic sociology
useful in studies of situations in which violence is present, and to encourage
studies of a form of action that has largely been neglected by sociology.

Keywords: Luc Boltanski, violence, French pragmatic sociology, Jan Philipp Reemtsma.
Local Knowledge “Makiriwo” in The Sustainable Livelihood Perspective (Case of Apulea Coconut Farm Community in North Halmahera Regency, Indonesia)
Authors: Kotalaha Yosafat , Sasongko Gatot
Published: May 2019

This study aims to describe a portrait of Apulea community in North Halmahera District which is located in the border region between Indonesia-Philippines and North Halmahera-West Halmahera District. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach that specifically describes a survival strategy for the sustainability of the livelihoods of coconut farmers in the village of Apulea in North Halmahera Regency, Indonesia. Retrieval of research data using in-depth interview techniques, document observation and study. The informants involved in this study were selected selectively based on livelihoods and experience using social capital and cultural capital as a strategy to achieve livelihood sustainability. The results of this study indicate that local knowlidge makiriwo is embodied in natural resource capital and social capital that is used to sustain life  amid barriers to acces to financial capital, physical capital and human capital.
Identificação de algumas espécies amazônicas de Culex (Culex) e Culex (Melanoconion) por meio de morfotipagem e barcoding
Authors: Costa dos Santos Cícera Alexsandra , Da Silva Lucas Rosendo , Meireles Anne Caroline Alves , Simplício Marlon Ferreira , Gil Luiz Herman Soares , Araújo Maisa Da Silva , Soares Wanne Patrício , Dall A'cqua Deusilene Souza Vieira , Ferreira Gabriel Eduardo Melim , Julião Genimar Rebouças
Published: May 2019

Os mosquitos Culex spp. apresentam características idiossincráticas e sua baixa variabilidade dificulta sua identificação. O objetivo do nosso estudo foi analisar a região 5 'do gene da subunidade I do citocromo oxidase (coI) para a identificação taxonômica de espécies de Culex que foram previamente diagnosticadas em subgêneros Culex e Melanoconion em condições de campo. Dez sequências de espécimes foram analisadas pelo Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD). Todas as sequências apresentaram 94-99% de identidade quando comparadas com outras sequências de espécies de Culex disponíveis no GenBank. Cinco partições iniciais suportaram 80-88 grupos de espécies. Entre eles, oito conjuntos continham os espécimes do presente estudo. Das 10 sequências de mosquitos, cinco não formaram nenhum cluster consistente, e as demais apresentaram alguma consistência no diagnóstico taxonômico nas condições de campo. Nossos resultados sugerem que algumas sequências do gene coI de espécimes podem pertencer a espécies do subgênero Melanoconion, cuja sequência 5' coI é desconhecida ou inédita no GenBank.
O silêncio sobre a Educação Ambiental nos cursos de Pedagogia das Universidades Federais do Brasil
Authors: Teixeira Gislânya Santos , Marques Hellen Lourdes Ramos , Oliveira Rosemeire Silva Dantas , Couto Whendel Cezar Silva de , Fireman Elton Casado
Published: May 2019

Este artigo analisou e discutiu a oferta da Educação Ambiental em cursos de pedagogia de Universidade federais do Brasil e as implicações para a formação do pedagogo em Educação Ambiental. Esta é uma pesquisa de natureza quali e quantitativa. Foram selecionados 27 cursos de pedagogia, um em cada capital do Brasil. Para análises, foram coletados dados nas grades curriculares, ementas das disciplinas para verificar a presença da Educação Ambiental em disciplinas que descrevesse a sua inserção. Foi observado que a Educação Ambiental não é priorizada pelos referidos cursos, 30% dos cursos pesquisados não a inseriam como disciplina, o que pode gerar uma problemática na formação do educador ambiental e, consequentemente na sociedade. Com essa problemática na formação, sua atuação em sala de aula poderá ser comprometida, não favorecendo aos educandos o ensino do saber da Educação Ambiental amplo e crítico e que também os tornem sujeitos capazes mediadores dessa consciência, na sociedade. Investir nessa formação é o caminho para que o docente tenha competências e habilidades para esse saber ainda em sua formação de graduação.
Differences in endometrial carcinoma presentations and characteristics in pre- and postmenopausal women
Authors: Andrijasevic Sasa , Dotlic Jelena , Arsenovic Nebojsa , Terzic Milan
Published: May 2019

Introduction/Objective. As of recently, an increasing number of premenopausal women is being diagnosed with endometrial carcinomas. The objective of our study was to determine if routinely collected clinical and imaging parameters, implying on tumor characteristics, are different in pre- and postmenopausal endometrial carcinoma patients, enabling their appropriate preoperative evaluation. Methods. The study included all patients (n = 209) operated on due to endometrial carcinoma over a period of three years. The diagnosis was based on histopathological findings of exploratory curettage. Medical history was taken for all the patients and they were divided regarding menopausal status. On preoperative ultrasound scan, the endometrial echo pattern was established. The existence of myomas, adnexal masses, free fluid in the abdomen or uterine cavity was noted. Magnetic resonance imaging detected the presence of pelvic metastases and tumor spreading into the uterine cavity, myometrium, cervix, and lymph nodes. Postoperatively, histopathological findings, the tumor stage and grade were established. Results. The majority of women were postmenopausal and secundiparous. Significantly more patients were obese, especially the postmenopausal ones (p = 0.001). Most tumors were endometrioid adenocarcinomas regardless of menopausal status. Irregular/abnormal bleeding (p = 0.037), presence of ascites (p = 0.010), obesity (p = 0.046), and lower parity (p = 0.016) correlated with postmenopausal status. Large exophytic endometrial carcinomas were predominant in younger patients (p = 0.026). Endometrial carcinomas were significantly more often diagnosed in the II FIGO stage in premenopausal patients. There were no other significant differences (endometrial thickness, uterine homogeneity, echogenicity, tumor infiltration and spreading, histopathological type and grade) between pre- and postmenopausal endometrial carcinoma patients. Conclusions. Few differences between pre- and postmenopausal endometrial carcinoma patients existed and the most prominent ones were obesity, parity, irregular/abnormal bleeding, and tumor growth into the cavity.
Influence of mechanical activation of a cordierite -based filler on sedimentation stability of lost foam refractory coatings
Authors: Pavlovic Marko , Andric Ljubisa , Radulovic Dragan , Drmanic Sasa , Djordjevic Natasa , Petrov Milan
Published: May 2019

For the development of the Lost Foam refractory coatings with controlled
rheologic properties, the influence of the mechanical activation process on
the cordierite-based filler?s properties change was examined. First of all,
the test referred to the change of filler particles? size and shape, as well
as to dispersion ability and stability of the coating suspension. Cordierite
was obtained by synthesis in a solid state, out of the mass consisting of
kaoline, alumina, quartz, sepiolite. For characterization purposes, the
following methods were used: X-ray diffraction, differential thermal
analysis, SEM and optical microscopy. Mechanical activation of filler was
performed in a vibrating mill. The upper boundary of the grain size was 100%
-30 x 10-6 m, the times were (min): 15; 30; 60. The new composition of Lost
foam refractory coatings has been developed with a change of the coating
production process, as well. These newly synthesized coatings proved to be
effective in terms of a positive influence on a surface quality, structural
and mechanical properties of aluminium castings. Test results may be useful
to have the Lost Foam refractory coatings specified together with other
process parameters used for the production of castings according to this
casting method.
Mineralogical transformation and microstructure of the alluvials clays
Authors: Bomeni Isaac , Wouatong Armand , Ngapgue Francois , Kabeyene Kamgang , Fagel Nathalie
Published: May 2019

Mineralogical transformations and microstructures during the firing alluvial
clays from Monoun plain were studied. The firing of clays was carried out in
the temperature range from 800 to 1150?C. Minerals transformation was
investigated by X-ray diffraction, polarize stereomicroscopy and scanning
electron microscopy (SEM). In the raw materials, typical assemblages with
quartz, kaolinite, goethite, anatase, hematite, gibbsite and feldspar were
observed. Many neoformed mineral phases were identified with the reaction
products including mullite, cristobalite, spinel, amorphous phase which
occurred in the high temperature (1050-1150?C) in the fired bricks. The
quartz phenocrist with some microlites oxides embedded in few mesostasis
glass have been illustrated at 950?C by stereomicroscopy analysis. At 1150?C,
the vitreous matrix has embedded phenocrist of quartz and other relic
minerals. The best temperature for fired alluvial clay brick was discovered
between 1050-1150?C.
Mechanical and corrosion properties of AlCu matrix hybrid composite materials
Authors: Islak Serkan
Published: May 2019

In this study, AlCu matrix hybride composites with various ratios of boron
carbide (B4C), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and graphite (Gr) were
produced by using hot-pressing method. The microstructure, density,
mechanical and corrosion properties of these composites were investigated.
Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction were
used to characterize the microstructures, and the experimental densities of
the composites were measured using a helium pycnometer. The mechanical
properties including the hardness and transverse rupture strength were
investigated using hardness and three-point bending tests, respectively. In
addition, the hybrid composites were immersed in an aqueous solution of 3.5
wt.-percent NaCl at pH 3 for potentiodynamic and corrosion rate
measurements. These tests revealed that a microstructure in which
reinforcing particles are almost homogeneously dispersed in the matrix was
obtained. Density measurements have shown that very dense and compact hybrid
AMCs are produced. The hardness and transverse rupture strength of the
composites were significantly increased by particulate addition to the
matrix. Depending on the type and amount of reinforcement material,
differences in the corrosion resistance of the hybrid composites have been
determined. The results show that AlCu-8B4C-2Gr hybrid composite material
has the highest corrosion resistance among the composite materials.
On the thermal conductivity of spark plasma sintered alumina hybrid nanocomposites: Estimation modeling and experimental validation
Authors: Siddiqui M.U. , Hayat U. , Arif Abul , Saheb N.
Published: May 2019

In the current work, an improved model to estimate the thermal conductivity
of spark plasma sintered nanocomposites is presented. In the developed
model, the thermal conductivity of the matrix was modeled as a function of
the average matrix crystallite size rather than taking a constant matrix
thermal conductivity. The model has been validated against experimentally
measured thermal conductivity of Al2O3-SiC-CNT hybrid nanocomposites. Using
the experimental and modeling results, it was shown that the addition of SiC
and CNT inclusions to alumina resulted in a decrease in its thermal
conductivity. The main reason for this decrease was found to be the
reduction in the thermal conductivity of the alumina matrix itself because
of the reduction in the crystallite size. Additional reduction in the
composite thermal conductivity was due to the matrix-inclusion interface
resistance and porosity. The predicted and measured thermal conductivities
were found to be in good agreement.
Impact of alumina particles on the morphology and mechanics of hybrid wood plastic composite materials
Authors: Perisic Srdjan , Vuksanovic Marija , Petrovic Milos , Radisavljevic Andjela , Grujic Aleksandar , Jancic-Heinemann Radmila , Radojevic Vesna
Published: May 2019

Hybrid composite panels of Wood-Plastic Composites (WPC) consisting of wood
and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were reinforced with alumina particles
and made by ?hot pressing? method. Alumina-based particles were made by
sol-gel technique. The particles were characterized by the X-ray diffraction
(XRD). The resulting alumina particles were modified with (3mercaptopropyl)
trimethoxysilane (MPTMS), in order to obtain better mechanical properties of
the composite relative to the composite with unmodified alumina particles.
The aim of this work was to study the influence of composite structure and
the moisture absorption on bending and the impact properties of the hybrid
composite. The bending and impact tests revealed that modulus of elasticity
and absorbed energy of deformation increased with modification of alumina
and slightly decrease after moisture absorption.
The Effect of Citronella Oil Concentration (Cymbopogon nardus (L. ) Rendle) on the Quality of Shampoo and Antifungal Activity of Candida albicans
Authors: Ameliana Lidya , Almawadah Alik , Wulandari Lestyo
Published: May 2019

Citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) was formulated into shampoo preparations to overcome dandruff. Dandruff is a condition which exfoliation of the excess horny layer on the scalp and forms fine scales caused by fungal infections of Candida albicans. The purpose of this study was to determine the antifungal activity and quality of the citronella oil shampoo. Citronella oil was taken using a steam distillation method. The oil produced has good quality because it meet the range of organoleptic requirements, which were the refractive index 1.483, density 0.890g/mL and citronellal content 41.720%. MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) to find out the lowest concentration of shampoo which can still inhibit the growth of Candida albicans was 2%. Citronella oil then formulated into shampoo with F1 (4%) F2 (6%) and F3 (8%) oil concentrations. The results of the quality of shampoo evaluation showed that all formulations met the requirements of pH, viscosity, and foam height. In testing the antifungal activity of shampoo was known that the greater the concentration of oil in the shampoo, the greater the antifungal activity in the shampoo.Keywords: Citronella oil, shampoo, antifungal activity
Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Masalah Kredit Macet bagi Nasabah Perbankan di Kampung Sidomulyo Kabupaten Marauke
Authors: Azisri Yuldiana Zesa
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya apa saja yang dapat digunakan untuk melakukan pencegahan dan penanggulangan masalah kredit macet bagi nasabah perbankan di Kampung Sidomulyo, Kabupaten Merauke, Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Merauke, Provinsi Papua Barat. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi lapangan. Seluruh data, baik data primer maupun data sekunder, dianalisis dengan teknik analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masalah kredit macet dalam halnya terjadinya wanprestasi oleh nasabah di Kampung Sidomulyo Kabupaten Merauke yaitu karena rendahnya pemahaman tentang hukum perbankam yang seharusnya disosialisasikan oleh pihak bank, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang perjanjian kredit oleh nasabah sehingga nasabah tidak mengetahui tentang resiko bila terjadi wanprestasi dan kurangnya pemahaman tentang pencegahan dan penanggulangan kredit macet.