bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of the ELIGANT neutron and gamma detector arrays at ELI-NP
Authors: Capponi Luigi , Ciocan Gheorghe , Açiksöz Esra , Södeström Pär-Anders
Published: December 2020

ELIGANT is one of the main set of instruments for nuclear physics experiments with the versatile gamma-beam system that will be available at ELI-NP. One of the devices in the ELIGANT collection of instruments is the ELIGANT-GN, comprising of both neutron and γ-ray detectors. The description and details of the mechanical structure designed to hold the ELIGANT-GN neutron detectors is discussed in this report. In addition, the progress of the the implementation of this structure will be shown.
Phase transition between the isovector to isoscalar pairing correlations in deformed N = Z nuclei
Authors: Ha Eunja , Cheoun Myung-Ki , Sagawa H.
Published: December 2020

We investigate the pairing correlations on N = Z nuclei. In particular, the isoscalar (IS) pairing mode in neutron-proton (np) pairing is discussed in detail because the IS np pairing is closely related to the tensor force in the nucleon-nucleon interaction. Recent experiments demonstrated that the IS pairing might be enhanced from the M1 spin strength distribution data and deuteron, which is a consequence of the IS pairing, can be detected in 16O(p,p’d)14N reaction. The present study illustrates that the IS np pairing can be condensed not only in S=0, L = odd states but also in S=1, L=even states. The former is usually treated as T=0 np pairing. The latter is associated with deuteron and has not been fully treated in the BCS theory for the nuclear structure. In particular, the latter np pairing can be ejected as deuteron from the energetic probes in the experiments. Detailed analyses of the np pairing are performed mainly on 16O and extended to other N = Z nuclei.
Development of an accurate DWIA model of coherent π0 —photoproduction to study neutron skins in medium heavy nuclei
Authors: Colomer F. , Capel P. , Ferretti M. , Thiel M. , Sfienti C. , Tsaran V. , Vanderhaeghen M.
Published: December 2020

Despite decades of studies which have seen the nuclear charge distribution being measured with increasing precision, the neutron distribution remains elusive. The difference between the neutron and proton distributions is often expressed as the difference of their root mean square radii: the neutron skin thickness. Recently, the A2 collaboration at MaMi has measured the skin thickness in lead through coherent pion photoproduction [1] with a very high precision. However, they do not include theoretical uncertainties, which can be significant for this process.

A new reaction code in the distorted wave impulse approximation (DWIA) is developed to help the (ongoing) analysis of the recent measurement by the A2 collaboration at MaMi of the coherent pion photoproduction cross section on 116,120,124Sn isotopes [2] and to properly quantify the theoretical uncertainties.
Nuclear spectroscopy of r-process nuclei using KEK Isotope Separation System
Authors: Hirayama Y. , Watanabe Y.X. , Mukai M. , Ahmed M. , Ishiyama H. , Jeong S.C. , Kakiguchi Y. , Kimura S. , Moon J.Y. , Oyaizu M. , Park J.H. , Schury P. , Wada M. , Miyatake H.
Published: December 2020

We developed KEK Isotope Separation System (KISS) for the nuclear spectroscopy of the nuclei in the vicinity of N = 126. The spectroscopy is important to identify the explosive astrophysical environment for the formation of the third peak in the observed solar r-abundance pattern. We report the experimental results of in-gas-cell laser ionization spectroscopy and β-decay spectroscopy for the nuclei in the vicinity of 198Pt.
Investigation of 0+ strength in 150Sm using the (p,t) reaction
Authors: Ionescu A. , Pascu S. , Sima O. , Faestermann T. , Hertenberger R. , Mihai C. , Mihai R. , Niƫă C. , Turturică A. , Wirth H.-F.
Published: December 2020

The aim of this investigation is to reveal the structure of 150Sm by measuring for the first time a rather complete set of energy levels of this nucleus up to 4 MeV and determine the total angular momentum of the states. The study was carried out at the 14 MV Tandem Accelerator of the Munich universities by measuring complete angular distributions for states up to 4 MeV excited in the direct two-neutron transfer reaction 152Sm(p,t)150Sm at an incident energy of 22 MeV. Emphasis was put on determining the 0+ excited states, which are some of the most important excitations in the rare-earth region. Up to now only three 0+ levels are known in 150Sm, and investigating the distribution of energy and intensity of these excited states also at higher excitation energy might reveal the main contributions in the wave functions of this nucleus.
Short range correlations in nuclei and nuclear matter
Authors: Rios Arnau
Published: December 2020

Short range correlations in nuclei and nuclear matter arise from the strong repulsion of the nuclear interaction at short distances. The existence of these correlations has been confirmed in a variety of nuclear experiments with electroweak and hadronic probes. The theoretical and experimental efforts in the last decade have focused on quantifying short-range correlations and, in particular, their isospin dependence. Here, I will analyze and summarise some of the recent conclusions in the literature using as a baseline a theoretical method, based on many-body Green’s functions theory, and a single quantity, the one-body momentum distribution.
Outreach and engagement in Australia and the Indo-Pacific region
Authors: Mitchell A J
Published: December 2020

Outreach and engagement activities have been core functions of the Australian National University Department of Nuclear Physics for many years. Staff and students of the Department play an important role in educating local high school students, Australian Federal Government employees and the general public. As the ‘national’ university, we also accept a social responsibility to undertake endeavours that align with Australia’s broader strategic priorities. One of these is to make a positive, sustained contribution to the overall growth and development of our geographical neighbours. Here, I report on the existing program of local outreach at the ANU Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility, selected international engagement activities and comment on opportunities for future growth.
Scattering for STEM: Developing a Scattering Class with an Awareness of Barriers to Public Engagement
Authors: Powell Abby
Published: December 2020

Background: Public engagement (PE) is a long standing part of higher education, with a rapidly changing role. Increasingly, it is becoming integrated into the culture of research. Investigations of the barriers hindering this have identified key areas to be addressed. Communication of current research and the relationship between different research areas are key to policy in PE, to address the perception of areas such as nuclear physics, and improve PE impact. Purpose: To develop public engagement resources with consideration of these barriers, that enable integrated learning of both current research, curricula and science skills. Methods: The barriers identified are discussed in the context of how they have been targeted within UK nuclear PE. Kick-Start awards, providing dedicated time for PE for ECRs, were of significant support to this. A new class on the physics of scattering, has been developed. Scattering is relevant across not only nuclear physics but all STEM subjects and school curricula. Results: Clearly defining terminology, audience, the intended product of projects for PE and providing dedicated time through internships for early career researchers (ECRs) lowered the barriers into public engagement. The scattering class linked key STEM skills including abstract thinking and data analysis, suitable for a range of experience levels, to nuclear physics experiments. Conclusions: Recent PE within nuclear physics is developing methods to overcome barriers to PE, particularly for ECRs. A scattering class has been developed and distributed internationally, for exhibitions and school workshops.
Hyperon and antihyperon physics
Authors: Kupsc Andrzej
Published: December 2020

Structure, interactions and decays of hyperons can be studied at an electron-positron collider in annihilations to a hyperon-antihyperon pair. This method already has huge impact on hyperon physics since it was used in a first modern measurement of decay asymmetry in the weak

Λ
→
p

π

−

decay and the result calls for reinterpretation of all polarization results for the Λ hyperon. In the experiment by the BESIII Collaboration nearly half million

e

+

e

−

→
ψ
→
Λ

Λ
¯

events were used. The

Λ

Λ
¯

pair production process involves two (complex) hadronic form factors. The observed large relative phase ΔΦ between the form factors, (42.4±0.6±0.5)°, makes it possible to use both transverse polarization and the spin correlations of the

Λ

Λ
¯

pair to simultaneously measure decay parameters for Λ and

Λ
¯

hyperons. Of particular importance is the result for the decay asymmetry parameter α−
in

Λ
→
p

π

−

the most probable Λ decay used to determine Λ polarization. The new α− value from BESIII, 0.750±0.009±0.004, is 17(3)% larger than the world average of 0.642 ± 0.013 adopted by all experiments between 1978 and 2019 to determine Λ polarization from the measured asymmetry in the decay proton distribution. A comparison of the concurrently measured at BESIII α−
and α+, the parameter for the charge conjugated process

Λ
¯

→

p
¯

π

+

, results in a direct CP symmetry test for the hyperon.

The

e

+

e

−

→
Λ

Λ
¯

reaction was studied at BESIII also outside the J/ψ resonance using 66.9 pb−1 collected at

s
=

2.396

GeV. The result is the first complete determination of the time-like elastic form factors GM
and GE
for any baryon including the relative phase ΔΦ = arg(GE/GM
) of (37 ± 12 ± 6)°. The absolute normalization of the form factors is set by the determined Born cross section of σ
Born= 119.0 ± 5.3 ± 5.1 pb. In a separate run at

s
=

2.2324

GeV, 1.0 MeV above threshold for

e

+

e

−

→
Λ

Λ
¯

, a surprisingly large cross section for of 305 ±

45

−
36

+
66

pb was measured.
Study of ∑N interaction from the ∑p scattering experiment at J-PARC
Authors: Miwa K. , Ahn J.K. , Akazawa Y. , Aramaki T. , Ashikaga S. , Callier S. , Chiga N. , Choi S. W. , Ekawa H. , Evtoukhovitch P. , Fujioka N. , Fujita M. , Gogami T. , Harada T. , Hasegawa S. , Hayakawa S.H. , Honda R. , Hoshino S. , Hosomi K. , Ichikawa M. , Ichikawa Y. , Ieiri M. , Ikeda M. , Imai K. , Ishikawa Y. , Ishimoto S. , Jung W. S. , Kajikawa S. , Kanauchi H. , Kanda H. , Kang B. M. , Kawai H. , Kim S. H. , Kobayashi K. , Koike T. , Matsuda K. , Matsumoto Y. , Nagao S. , Nagatomi R. , Nakada Y. , Nakagawa M. , Nakamura I. , Nanamura T. , Naruki M. , Ozawa S. , Raux L. , Rogers T. , Sakaguchi A. , Sakao T. , Sako H. , Sato S. , Shiozaki T. , Shirotori K. , Suzuki K. N. , Suzuki S. , Tabata M. , Taille C. d. L. , Takahashi H. , Takahashi T. , Takahashi T. N. , Tamura H. , Tanaka M. , Tanida K. , Tsamalaidze Z. , Ukai M. , Umetsu H. , Yamamoto T. O. , Yoshida J. , Yoshimura K.
Published: December 2020

A high statistics ∑p scattering experiment has been performed at the K1.8 beamline in the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility. Data for momentum-tagged ∑− beam running in a liquid hydrogen target were accumulated by detecting the

π

−

p
→

K

+

∑

−

reaction with a high intensity π−
beam of 20 M/spill. The number of the Σ− beam was about 1.7 × 107 in total. The ∑−ρ elastic scattering and the ∑−p → Λn inelastic scattering events were successfully observed with about 100 times larger statistics than that in past experiments.
Bootstrap-based fit of proton dipole scalar polarizabilities from real Compton scattering data
Authors: Sconfietti S , Pedroni P
Published: December 2020

We describe the fitting technique that we recently applied to the analysis of the proton real Compton scattering data to extract the dipole scalar polarizabilities α

E1 and β
M1. This fitting technique is based on the parametric bootstrap, which allows one to propagate the probability distribution of the experimental data to the fit results, with no a-priori assumption. It has never been applied before to the analysis of Compton data, and it offers several advantages: for instance, the automatic inclusion of the systematic errors and the propagation of those parameters that enter the model as inputs but that are not fitted. The most important result of our work is the definition of a realistic goodness-of-fit distribution even for those cases where the experimental points cannot be considered as independent Gaussian variables. We define a method that allows one, in different Physics domains, to define the correct p-values associated to a fit result.
What can we learn about twist-2 GPDs through quasi-distributions?
Authors: Bhattacharya S , Cocuzza C , Metz A
Published: December 2020

Studying light-cone PDFs through Euclidean correlators is currently of high interest. In particular, quasi parton distribution functions (quasi-PDFs) have attracted a lot of attention. Quasi-PDFs converge to their respective standard distributions if the hadron momentum goes to infinity. We explore the quasi-distribution approach for twist-2 generalized parton distributions (GPDs) in the conventional diquark spectator model. Our analytical expressions of the quasi-GPDs reduce to their corresponding standard ones in the large-momentum limit, substantiating them to be practical tools to predict features of standard GPDs. We illustrate numerical results of quasi-GPDs and of quasi-PDFs. Our focus is to test how well the quasi distributions agree with their standard counterparts for finite hadron momenta. By discussing the sensitivity of our results to model parameters, we highlight robust features of the quasi-GPDs and quasi-PDFs that one may extract from this model study. We also consider moments of quasi distributions.
The proton structure via double parton scattering
Authors: Rinaldi Matteo
Published: December 2020

In this talk we present the results of the investigation on the so called double parton distribution functions (dPDFs), accessible quantities in high energy proton-proton and proton nucleus collisions, in double parton scattering processes (DPS). These new and almost unknown distributions encode information on how partons inside a proton are correlated among each other and represent a new tool to explore the three dimensional partonic structure of hadrons. In the present contribution, results of the calculations of dPFDs are presented also including phenomenological investigations on the impact of double correlations in experimental observables, showing how the latter could be observed in the next LHC run. In addition we discuss how present information on experimental observables could be related to the transverse proton structure.
Measuring the skewness dependency of Generalized Parton Distributions
Authors: Zhao S , Voutier E
Published: December 2020

Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) have emerged over the 1990s as a powerful concept and tool to study nucleon structure. They provide nucleon tomography from the correlation between transverse position and longitudinal momentum of partons. The Double Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DDVCS) process consists of the Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) process with a virtual photon in the final state eventually generating a lepton pair, which can be either an electron-positron or a muon-antimuon pair. The virtuality of the final time-like photon can be measured and varied, thus providing an extra lever arm and allowing one to measure the GPDs for the initial and transferred momentum dependences independently. This unique feature of DDVCS is of relevance, among others, for the determination of the distribution of nuclear forces which is accessed through the skewness dependency of GPDs. This proceeding discusses the feasibility and merits of a DDVCS experiment in the context of JLab 12 GeV based on model-predicted pseudo-data, and the capability of extraction of Compton Form Factors based on a fitter algorithm.
Laser-driven radioisotopes production at SCAPA for medical and industrial application
Authors: Battaglia G , Brunetti E , Chishti M M R , Lorusso G , O’Donnell D , Scheck M , Wiggins S M , Jaroszynski D A
Published: December 2020

Isotopes for nuclear medicine are scarce and expensive. Researchers worldwide are exploring new production methods to avoid the dependence on nuclear reactors as sources to satisfy future isotope demands. Photo-nuclear reactions have hitherto been used as a tool for studying the nuclear structure. Laser wakefield accelerators (LWFAs) are very compact accelerators capable of producing high energy electron beams. In this paper we investigate the possibility of using LWFAs to produce 225Ac via photo-spallation reactions.
Plans for neutron metrology at NPL
Authors: Bunce Michael , Thomas David , Roberts Neil , Taylor Graeme , Boso Alberto
Published: December 2020

The National Physical Laboratory has provided industry and research with neutron fluence and dose standard neutron fields since the 1960’s. Sectors such as civil nuclear power, defence, radiation-protection and fusion generation rely on NPLs facilities to operate safely and ensure traceability back to an internationally recognised UK primary standard. A central part of the capability is the 3.5 MV Van de Graaff accelerator which, using light ions, generates monoenergetic fields of neutrons ranging from a few keV to 19 MeV and intense thermal neutron fields. This accelerator is reaching the end of its operational life and a project to replace it is underway.
Research of the projectile’s layout for penetration capability through metal targets
Authors: Orlov M Yu , Glazyrin V P , Orlov Yu N
Published: December 2020

Present paper deals with research of behavoir metal targets impacted by ogive-nosed and blunt-nosed projectiles at 290 m/s. A complex continuum mechanics model was used to describe the material behavior under impact. Numerical modeling of perforation of metal plates with projectile are performed using IMPACT computer code. As test problem, single-plate ballistics test was modeled. In order to verify the model and method, the ballistic experiment was simulated. Good agreement with experimental data was obtained. The results of numerical simulation are shown as computed “Projectile - target” configurations, time dependences of the residual projectile velocity and the computed values of the residual velocity. It has been found that by changing the projectile layout it is possible to increase the residual velocity up to 80%. The deformation mechanisms of targets resulting from different noses shapes of projectile were also studied.
Method for determining parameters of the high energy materials burning rate law
Authors: Arkhipov V A , Bondarchuk S S , Kozlov E A , Zolotorev N N , Bondarchuk I S
Published: December 2020

Method for determining parameters of the burning rate law including combustion of high energy material samples in a manometric bomb is proposed. This method is based on solving the inverse problem of internal ballistics in an integral formulation. Unlike the prior versions embodiments of the experimental setup, the principle of ignition of a HEM sample by a heated spiral is used herein. In the prior versions, the ignition of the sample was carried out with black powder, which introduced errors due to gas formation during the burning of the powder. In addition, heat-insulated inserts are installed on inner walls of manometric bomb to prevent heat losses. The results of the method verification for model high energy material are discussed. Verification of the proposed method for identifying the parameters of the burning rate law was carried out for the model HEM composition with known values of thermophysical and ballistic characteristics. The integral method allows determining parameters of the burning rate law u
1, v with the error of not more than 3-4% by experimental dependence p(t) measured with a random error of 10%. At the same time errors of determination u
1, v by the differential method is 14-32%.
Combustion of titanium and chromium powders in the co-flow of a nitrogen-argon mixture
Authors: Evseev N S , Ziatdinov M Kh , Romandin V I , Tolynbekov A B
Published: December 2020

The combustion of the titanium and chromium powders in the co-current filtration mode was considered. We considered an original equipment that allows us to study the combustion of metal powders in a co-flow gas stream. It was demonstrated that the proportion of argon in a binary gas mixture has a greater influence on the burning temperature of titanium powder than the specific flow rate of the gas mixture. It was found that the actual burning temperature of chromium in the forced filtration mode is higher than the adiabatic temperature and the phenomenon of superadiabatic heating takes place. This method has high energy efficiency and allows you to get nitrides without the use of high pressures. It was found that co-current filtration promotes the formation of Cr2N nitride.
Prospective methods of investigation of the functioning of cumulative charges
Authors: Grif E M , Guskov A V , Milevskii K E
Published: December 2020

As a result of the analysis of the application of numerical modeling in modern studies of the cumulation process, it is proposed to isolate the estimated parameters at the time of the formation of a shaped jet as an effective way to reduce the resource intensity of calculations. The numerical method is used to study the influence of the microstructure of the cumulative lining material on the efficiency of jet formation. The following parameters are proposed: the angle between the reduced velocity vector of the jet head and the charge axis γ, reflecting the efficiency of the deformation of the cumulative jet material, and the collapse angle of the cumulative lining γ′, reflecting the efficiency of the deformation of the cumulative jet material. The results of the calculation correlate with the known data obtained by other methods, and this confirms the prospects of the chosen direction of the research.
The forcing pressure stabilization during shot
Authors: Guskov A V , Milevsky K E , Khrebtova M S
Published: December 2020

The paper presents results of the energy expenditures evaluation for cutting the leading belt in barrel channel grooves during shot. The effect of the airspace diameter tolerance on a change of a forcing value and on an energy consumption when cutting artillery shell into the BB rifling has been investigated. It is shown that the artillery shell with a new type of leading belt provides a reduction of the indicated energy expenditures by almost half, which leads to stabilization of the boost pressure and, as a result, to an ammunition dispersion reduction. The obtained results were implemented at different utility models for artillery shells.
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of heat-resistant electrically conductive coatings based on Ni-Al and Ti-Al-C compounds
Authors: Shulpekov A M , Gabbasov R M , Lepakova O K
Published: December 2020

Coatings based on aluminium nickelides and Ti2AIC Ti3AlC2 MAX-phases are obtained by the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. The processes occurring in the powder mixture of nickel and aluminium, as well as in the titanium-aluminium-carbon mixture are studied. The effect of the thickness of the coating on the maximum temperature and velocity of combustion wave is found. The coating consists of small crystals NiAl, Ni3Al or Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC3, fused together. The coating has high electrical conductivity and can be used as heat-resistant protective coatings or electric heaters.
The prospects of common vetch cultivation in mixed agrocoenoses in the conditions of Novgorod region
Authors: Ambartsumova K A
Published: December 2020

For effective creation of highly productive plant formation, at first it is necessary to identify how the participants of this density interact with each other throughout the growth season. By cultivating mixed agrocoenoses, it is possible to identify this relationship and strengthen the food supply by establishing the optimal method of seeding and its seeding rates with different components. This article presents the main results of a scientific study of mixed agrocoenosis of vetch with different components at different seeding methods and seeding rates in the conditions of the Novgorod region. In the studies, the vetch was cultivated in a mixture with oats, and also pure vetch and pure oats were also sown to compare the results. The table shows the ratio of the legume-cereal component in the seeding rate and the influence of the seeding rate on such indicators as field germination rate, plant livability and the density of plants standing before harvesting. In the course of research, it was found that the optimal way to sow mixed agrocoenosis in the field of crops according to such indicators as elements of herbage productivity, field germination and crop yield is a combined method (1:1). Using this method of seeding, the resulting yield of the herbage of the common vetch reached 22.3 tph (tons per hectare) in comparison with the examining variant of the single-species dropping of the vetch.
Development of functional products from vegetables for schoolchildren’s nutrition
Authors: Bogonosova I A , Kenijz N V , Zaitseva T N , Artemova E N , Kulikov D A , Barsukova N V
Published: December 2020

Modern life requires that products meet the requirements of a healthy nutrition. In the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as well as to prevent overweight, it is important to use fruit and vegetable products. In the schoolchildren nutrition, there is currently not enough of it. The article presents the results of studies on the degree of satisfaction of nutrition for schoolchildren of various age categories with a daily set of foods and basic nutrients. The effect of functional vegetable dishes on the daily diet is shown.
Prediction of the properties of food biopolymer gels at the molecular-atomic level
Authors: Borisenko Aleksander A , Bratsikhin A A , Borisenko Aleksey A , Khramtsov A G , Borisenko L A , Permyakov A V
Published: December 2020

The analysis of the main regularities, conditions and factors influencing the mechanism of structural changes in food biopolymer molecules during gelation using the laws of thermodynamics is carried out. A computational method for predicting the properties of gel-like food systems is considered. It makes it possible to establish the dependence of the characteristic viscosity of aqueous solutions of hydrocolloids and the hydrodynamic radius of biopolymer molecules on the charge of its molecular structures and the pH of the active acidity of the medium. On the example of gelatin, calculations are presented and it is shown that, in comparison with a neutral medium, the hydrodynamic radius of protein molecules increases approximately to (120–123) % both at high and low pH values, which makes it possible to predict the water-binding capacity of protein molecules and determine the optimal modes of technological processes.
The role of the Valdai Glaciation in the formation of quaternary deposits of the Novgorod region
Authors: Druzhnova M P , Davidova S G
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of quaternary deposits formation in the territory of the Novgorod region, under the influence of the first four phases of the last covering Valdai glaciation. The authors show the role of this glaciation as the basis for the formation of genetic types of parent rocks for the soils of this area.
Rent contradictions in land valuation, cadastral and investment activities
Authors: Efimova G A , Efimova S V
Published: December 2020

The article considers a new scientific concept of rent impact on investment processes in agribusiness based on optimization of rent income by eliminating rent contradictions in cadastral and land valuation activities. The problem of land transfer from production turnover as a result of rent distortions hinders the innovative development of the agricultural economy. The analysis and evaluation of factor income confirms the high interdependence of rent factors in the combination of labor, capital and land. The degradation of one of them hinders the development of the others. Therefore, it is important to balance the development of production resources by regulating factor income. Imbalances in rental income result in losses of resources. The research is aimed at developing a scientific approach to the implementation of innovative priorities in the development of agribusiness by eliminating rent contradictions in land valuation and cadastral activities. The results of the research are reduced to the development of a system of rent regulators for innovative development of the agricultural economy through the introduction of methods for structuring rental income in land valuation and cadastral activities. Localization of intensive rental income in agricultural production becomes possible only in the conditions of redistribution of extensive forms of rental income (differential rent first, natural rent, monopoly rent), which is a fundamental condition for creating a competitive environment and investment development of the agricultural economy.
Features of conducting audits of grain suppliers for the flour mill
Authors: Guber N B , Morozova N I , Shkolnikova M N , Smolnikova F H , Isabekova O A , Khlusova I A
Published: December 2020

The human impact on the environment has led to the contamination of food raw materials and food products with toxic substances of various origins. A large global problem for the production of crop and livestock products was production and consumption waste, which are toxic to the environment and humans. Therefore, the global development of food production has a clear tendency to ensure its safety. Currently, special attention is being paid to the issues of production and sale, quality control and high-grade food products. This is one of the priority issues for introducing new systems for managing product quality and food safety. In the most general sense, food safety is the absence of possible damage, harm. Such a definition is relative and probabilistic, i.e. at the moment there is no threat, but it may arise in the future, or there is no mortal danger, for example, for a person, but there is a danger to his health. Therefore, when assessing suppliers of raw materials, a risk-based approach is often used based on an assessment not only of the actual condition of the enterprise, but also on further risks from the supplier. The goal of reducing the risk of diseases caused by the consumption of pollutants has been identified as one of the most important food safety issues in the country and around the world. Grain processing products are one of the main types of raw materials for the processing industry. Therefore, it is strategically important to consider the risks of wheat entering the mills. The article provides an overview of modern criteria for assessing suppliers of grain for the production of flour, taking into account global trends in the development of crops, as well as methods for assessing them.
Growth and development of calves of different genetic background in the pre-weaning period
Authors: Harlap S Yu , Gorelik A S , Vasileva O K , Safronov S L , Pavlova Ya S , Denisenko A N
Published: December 2020

Development of a living organism, including periods of its development, follows certain laws. All mammals have a pre-weaning period. In calves, the pre-weaning period lasts 6 months. This period is known to be one of the most important, since at this time the body, firstly, adapts to new environmental conditions, and secondly, starts to live on typical feeds. The calf growth depends on many factors, including genetic ones. The study of the dynamics of live weight in calves in the pre-weaning period with regard to their genetic background is of practical relevance. The farm uses bulls of both Holstein black-motley cattle of domestic selection and Holstein breed of foreign selection. A general pattern in monthly live weight increase has been found for descendants of all the bulls. At the same time, the growth rate in groups of calves sired by different bulls differed by months of rearing. In calves sired by the bull Mers, the absolute weight gain by months of rearing ranged from 10.0 kg (4 months) to 36.0 kg (6 months), that is, the growth failure in the previous period was compensated for by increased growth rate in the next month. At the same time, calves sired by the bulls Gavano, Cassio and Bentley showed a uniform absolute weight gain by months of rearing. In general, calves sired by the bulls Cassio and Gavano grew better. They were superior to other calves in the absolute weight gain over the entire period, which attained 138.5 and 132.2 kg, and it was higher by 6.3–20.9 and 5.3–14.6 kg or 4.5–15.1% and 4.0–11.0%, respectively.
Formation of an effective system for managing the reproduction of personnel potential in agriculture in the region
Authors: Ivanova T V , Ivanova A A
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the formation of an effective system for managing the reproduction of personnel potential in the region’s agriculture. The novelty of the development consists in distinguishing the stages: first, an analysis of the functioning of the industry; the second is the construction of mathematical models according to the most important indicators that allow a comprehensive assessment of the processes occurring in the industry; the third - an assessment of the level of personnel potential, indicators of its reproduction, forecasting the rate of reproduction in agriculture; fourth - the development of general provisions of the target program “Formation and implementation of a system for managing the reproduction of personnel potential in agriculture of the Chuvash Republic”; fifth - the development of a mechanism for implementing the program; sixth, forecasts of changes in indicators that influence the rate of reproduction in the industry are justified; seventh - the rationale for calculating the national economic, economic and budgetary effectiveness of program activities. The effectiveness of the developed system is justified by the dynamics of the rate of reproduction of personnel potential (the input level is estimated and an increase in the output potential level is noted), which affects the efficiency of reproduction processes in agriculture, which is the evidence base for the appropriateness of the development of personnel resources.
Prospects of using biotechnology to improve morphofunctional state of liver
Authors: Kashaeva M D , Proshin A V , Proshina L G , Gavrilova K V
Published: December 2020

The study examines the effect of hepatoprotectors of plant origin, obtained using biotechnology, on the liver morphofunctional state in 465 patients with chronic diffuse diseases. The patients undergo a complex conservative therapy, including hepatoprotectors of plant origin, which helps to correct homeostasis disorders, microcirculatory disorders and blood rheology, increase blood antioxidant activity, and improve the cell membranes structure and function. It is revealed that with intrahepatic cholestasis, regardless of the nosological form, against the background of dysproteinemia, bilirubinemia, azotemia, moderate transaminasemia, we observe a 2.2–4.9 times increase in the of alkaline phosphatase level, moderate cholesterolemia, pronounced phospholipidemia and β-lipoproteinemia. The conducted complex conservative therapy significantly improves the condition of patients and normalizes hemostasis and homeostasis. The inclusion of hepatoprotectors of plant origin in complex conservative therapy is a promising direction in the development of biotechnologies in hepatology.
Morphogenesis of the internal organs of mice with the use of adaptogens and physical activity
Authors: Khabibullin R M , Mironova I V , Derkho M A , Strizhikov V K , Strizhikova S V , Denisenko A S
Published: December 2020

Maximum physical exercise has a negative effect on physiological and morphological processes in the body. However, in some cases, the body responds with adaptive properties, which leads to smoothing out the negative effects of exercise. Establishing causes and factors that positively affect the processes of adaptation to increased activity and identifying the mechanisms of this process is one of the urgent problems of adaptation. Adaptation processes have a certain structure, and therefore, the goal of our research was to study the physiological processes and morphogenesis of individual organs and systems of the animal organism. One of the first to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the histological changes in experimental animals when giving adaptogens against the background of maximum activity. As adaptogens, the components of the military nature were used, tincture of safflower-like leuzea and ovesol, which were administered for 28 days at a dose of 2 to 6 μl according to the developed scheme. In this case, ovesol was used only at the final stage of the experiment from 22 to 26 days. It was found that ultra-high physical exercise leads to histological and physiological changes in the body of experimental animals.
Copper-containing non-woven materials from silk waste
Authors: Khramchikhin V A , Yakovleva O I , Sashina E S
Published: December 2020

A rational approach to the problem of recycling natural silk processing waste is proposed. Cocooning wastes are processed into needle-punched non-woven material onto which copper nanoparticles are deposited by chemical reduction methods with ascorbic acid from alkaline solutions of copper sulfate. It was shown that, depending on the time of impregnation of the nonwoven material with an alkaline copper solution, sericin, wax and fatty substances are removed from the material, and when impregnated for more than 15 minutes, the amorphous part of fibroin. The amount of copper on the fibrous material can be varied by the conditions of impregnation and washing. The size distribution of copper nanoparticles on the finished material was studied.
Agrarian tourism as a factor in the socio-economic development of rural areas
Authors: Kolomyts O N , Savelenko V M , Ivanova I G , Zakharova O A
Published: December 2020

The entrepreneurial nature of tourism has a positive impact on the development of rural areas through creation of tourism infrastructure and diversification of related and supporting industries. The article presents the results of an online survey of the population of the Krasnodar Territory. The study confirms the hypothesis that the development of agrarian tourism in the Krasnodar Territory is a strategic vector that reduces the percentage of migration of the rural population, has a stimulating effect on rural infrastructure, and it also contributes to creation of added value, the use of innovations, diversification of tourism products, it acts as a kind of guarantor of the fact that the maximum profit will remain in the local economy, which, in turn, will have a beneficial effect on the socio-economic development of rural areas. The development of agricultural tourism will contribute to the revival of folk crafts, culture and identity, the preservation, effective use and development of the potential of the countryside, the solution of socio-economic problems, overcoming the economic, social and spiritual crisis of rural municipalities. Integration of agriculture and tourism will positively affect the competitiveness of rural areas, the well-being of rural residents and the strengthening of the country’s agriculture as a whole.
The vegetative grafting effect on increasing tomato fruit quality
Authors: Mavlyanova R F , Lyan E E , Karimov B A , Dubinin B V
Published: December 2020

In Uzbekistan, the vegetative grafting effect on the tomato fruits quality was studied. Table tomato varieties Gulkand, AVE-Maria and Marvarid (cherry tomato) were used as grafts. Each variety was grafted onto its own seedlings, as well as in combinations with four tomato accessions from the World Vegetable Center. The control was not grafted plants. The grafting of varieties depending on the rootstock helped increase the yield by 16-20% and the marketability of fruits by 97-100%. The Gulkand variety, in combination with rootstocks L03708 and CLN2071B, has its average fruit weight increased by 30-35%, AVE-Maria – by 11-18% and Marvarid – by 24-43% above the control plants. The low variability of the dry matter content (V=6.4%) and total sugar (V=9.0%), and the middle variability of the ascorbic acid content were established as well (V=12.5%). In the Gulkand and AVE-Maria varieties, the dry matter content was close to the control level, and in the Marvarid variety it has increased in combinations. Total sugar content has slightly decreased in all combinations of the Gulkand variety. The ascorbic acid has increased in all varieties in combinations. The variability of the chemical composition did not depend on the type of rootstock (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) or (ssp. Pimpinellifolium) The nitrate nitrogen in fruits in all varieties and combinations was 1.4–2.3 times lower than the MPC.
Study of the rheological properties of meat-vegetable minces
Authors: Merenkova S P , Zinina O V , Khayrullin M F , Bychkova T S , Moskvina L A
Published: December 2020

To adjust the nutritive and biological value of food products, it is advisable to combine meat and vegetable raw materials. The paper presents the results of study of the rheological and microstructural parameters of combined meat-vegetable minces. The mince includes beef trimming, hemp protein and flaxseed flour. The study results showed the minimum values of shear stress and viscosity of the mince system and increased indicators of total and plastic deformation in the samples of minced meat containing linseed flour in an amount of 10–15%. Samples of the meat-vegetable mince that contained 15% of hemp protein and not more than 5% of flax flour exhibited high stability of the meat system. Microstructural studies of combined minced meat revealed the presence of friable vegetable mass, starch grains and fragments of hemp and flax fiber. Samples with a predominance of hemp protein showed a denser and more uniform structure. Thus, the rheological properties of meat-vegetable mince systems depend significantly on the type and amount of vegetable materials introduced.
Comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of plant extracts
Authors: Milyuhina A K , Kyzdarbek U , Ivanova V A , Zabodalova L A , Baranenko D A
Published: December 2020

The spectrum of antimicrobial agents used to combat the microorganism of spoilage of food products, in connection with the developed problem of antibiotic resistance, is steadily narrowing. Plant polyphenols exert a variety of biological effects on numerous cellular systems both in vitro and in vivo. For many flavonoids, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer effects have been established, which led to the widespread use of flavonoid-containing plant materials for the production of therapeutic and prophylactic agents. For research, we used water extracts of fennel fruit (Foeniculum), medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis), chaga (Inonotus) (10g / 100ml of water) and CO2 extract of bay leaves and CO2 extract of allspice. Samples were tested against native microflora of chicken paste and chilled fish. All these objects showed antimicrobial activity against microflora of food products. The most pronounced antimicrobial activity was observed in fennel, CO2-extract of bay leaves and CO2-extract of allspice. This study shows the possibility of using aqueous infusions of medicinal plants and extracts of spices as an additive to a food product to extend its shelf life.
Ensuring food security through the development of acreage in the northern regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Minina E S , Minin D L
Published: December 2020

Agricultural development is a determining factor in ensuring food security in the territories in the context of the global pandemic and the winding up of globalization. A key factor in agricultural development, crop production, as well as related industries is the development of cultivated areas, especially in those regions that have poor climatic conditions. The use and expansion of sown areas is considered one of the factors of food security for the sustainable development of territories with a predominance of cold climate. The foundation is created for a stable agricultural market and less dependence on food products from other regions providing an increase in sown area. The development of this direction creates a certain control of the territories, the importance of which is significantly enhanced in the context of the ongoing processes of global warming and climate change. Sown area indicators, being the main production fund of the agrarian economy, contribute to the development of the entire agricultural sector of the country, providing crop products not only for the food industry, but also livestock, creating additional opportunities for agricultural growth in the region. The paper presents the results of the analysis of the Republic of Karelia, Komi and Murmansk region. The sown areas of regions of different sizes were studied not only by absolute growth indicators, but also relative and average indicators were calculated to improve coverage of the state of the areas. A forecast for the medium-term development perspective was proposed, recommendations were formulated to ensure sustained development for the medium-term prospect in order to ensure food security and economic development of relevant territories.
Biosynthesis of salvinorin A
Authors: Ostrozhenkova E G
Published: December 2020

Salvia divinorum plants were exposed to a synthetic atmosphere containing 600 ppm 13CO2 for 4 hours with white light illumination and were subsequently cultured for a chase period of 10 days under standard greenhouse conditions. Salvinorin A was obtained by solvent extraction of the leaves and was purified chromatographically. The isotopolgue composition of salvinorin A was determined by NMR spectroscopy. The presence of multiply 13C-labeled isotopologues in considerable excess over their natural occurrence showed that the 13C labeling pulse had afforded multiply 13C-labeled biosynthate. Consecutive catabolic and anabolic reactions during the chase period afforded salvinorin A that was a mosaic revealing its origin from a mixture of labeled and unlabeled precursors. The presence of triple labeled isotopologues demonstrated that the IPP and DMAPP precursors of the diterpene, salvinorin A, were predominantly biosynthesized via the recently discovered non-mevalonate pathway.
Increasing the bioavailability of nutrients in fermented dairy products
Authors: Petrova A S
Published: December 2020

The study describes the development of a new product with increased bioavailability, based on the recipe of an old Russian sour-milk drink “Snezhok”. Using baked milk as the main raw material, it is possible to reduce the fat globules size, which makes the drink more digestible. The paper investigated the effect of long-term exposure of milk in the process of baking on the number and size of fat globules in milk. In addition to changing the fat fraction in clarified milk, a number of other components are changed during exposure to high temperatures. The suggested new drink may be considered a product of high nutritional value, contributing to the improvement of public health.