bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Correlation between Aldosterone and Parathyroid Hormone in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Milicic Stanic Branka , Ilincic Branislava , Zeravica Radmila , Milicic Ivanovski Dragana , Cabarkapa Velibor , Mijovic Romana
Published: November 2022

In primary hyperparathyroidism, an increased risk of developing the cardiovascular disease may exist due to increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between parathyroid hormone and aldosterone in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The study included 48 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and 30 healthy subjects who matched age and gender to the study group. This study was conducted at the Center for Laboratory medicine, Clinical center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia. In addition to clinical data and laboratory determination of the concentration of total and ionized calcium, phosphorus, measurements of parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, direct renin, and aldosterone were performed by the method of chemiluminescent technology. Compared to the controls, the study group had statistically significantly higher values of aldosterone (

p
=
0.028

), total calcium (

p
=
0.01

), ionized calcium (

p
=
0.003

) and parathyroid hormone (

P
≤
0.001

) Serum aldosterone and parathyroid hormone levels were correlated positively in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (

r
=
0.509

,

p
<
0.05

). A statistically significant positive correlation between renin and parathyroid hormone (

r
=
0.688

,

p
<
0.05

) and renin and calcium (

r
=
0.673

,

p
<
0.05

) was determined in hyperparathyroid patients. In multivariate regression analysis, the strongest predictive variable of aldosterone secretion was parathyroid hormone (

p
=
0.011

). An independent relationship between parathyroid hormone and aldosterone in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and the correlation between renin and parathyroid hormone as well as with calcium indicate not only the direct but also the indirect associations between parathyroid hormone and aldosterone in primary hyperparathyroidism. These findings may represent another possible model of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-induced organ damage.
The Vacuum and Light-Avoided Packaging Ameliorate the Decline in Quality of Whole Chili during Storage
Authors: Chen Qi , Qi Wensheng , Peng Jiaxuan , Tang Renyong , Liu Dayu , Guo Xiulan
Published: November 2022

Vacuum packaging is a superior procedure that could maintain the quality of dried red peppers for a relatively longer period, while the effect of light avoidance was inconsistent. Therefore, this study was to evaluate the effect of vacuum in combination with light avoidance on the storage quality of peppers and to investigate vacuum packaging and vacuum and light-avoided packaging influence the quality characteristics of dried chili peppers during storage. The results indicated that the quality characteristics of peppers gradually deteriorated: redness, extractable color, capsanthin, capsaicinoids, pungency, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity decreased, whereas moisture, water activity, and browning index increased as storage progressed. Vacuum packaging inhibited these changes compared with the control. Vacuum and light-avoided packaging further decelerated the quality loss of dried peppers, with the minimum changes in color, pungency, and antioxidant capacity of dried peppers during storage, and these could be due to lower water activity by light avoidance. Therefore, light avoidance may be necessary to further delay the deterioration of dried peppers under vacuum, and vacuum and light-avoided packaging could better retain the quality of dried chili peppers.
Effects of Ziyin Qianyang Formula on Renal Fibrosis through the TGF-β1/Smads Signaling Pathway in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Xu Hui , Wang Chao , Song Ting-ting , Liu Yang , Dong Chang-wu
Published: November 2022

Objective. The aim of the study is to explore the effects and mechanisms of action of Ziyin Qianyang Formula (ZYQYF) on renal fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods. Forty SHRs were randomly divided into a model group, Ziyin Qianyang Formula regular-dose and high-dose groups (ZYQYF-R, 20 g/kg; ZYQYF-H, 40 g/kg), and a western medicine group (enalapril 10 mg/kg), and 10 Sprague-Dawley rats were selected as the normal group. The rats received continuous gavage administration for 6 weeks and systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements were obtained every fortnight. The serum levels of urea, serum creatinine (sCr), and uric acid (UA) were measured; the pathological morphology and collagen content of the kidneys were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining; and the serum Ang II level was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, Smad-2, Smad-3, and Smad-7 protein and mRNA expressions in kidney tissues was evaluated by western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results. The ZYQYF-H group showed significantly a lower renal weight and renal weight/body weight than the model group. The enalapril and ZYQYF-H groups showed significantly lower SBP than other groups after 6 weeks of administration. The ZYQYF-H group showed better improvement than the ZYQYF-R and enalapril groups in glomerular and tubular morphology and better reductions in inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen volumetric fraction. The ZYQYF-H group also showed better reductions in serum UA and Ang II levels; collagen-I, collagen-III, and p-Smad2/Smad-2 protein expression; and Smad-2 mRNA expression and a better increase in Smad-7 protein and mRNA expression than the enalapril group. Besides, the degree of renal function and fibrosis improvement was positively correlated with the dose of ZYQYF. Conclusion. ZYQYF can significantly reduce SHR blood pressure, protect renal function and structure, and improve renal fibrosis by regulating Smad proteins through TGF-β1.
On Wiener Process Degradation Model for Product Reliability Assessment: A Simulation Study
Authors: Hove Herbert , Mlambo Farai
Published: November 2022

This paper examines the application of the Wiener process as a degradation model. Its appropriateness as a degradation model is discussed and demonstrated with the aid of Monte Carlo simulations. In particular and for monotonically degrading systems, this paper demonstrates that the irreversible accumulation of damage can be modelled by the Wiener maximum process. First passage times of the Wiener and its maximum process are also revealed to coincide. Practical advantages of assessing system reliability from degradation data are highlighted by applying the Wiener process model to a real gallium arsenide (GaAs) laser data for telecommunication systems. The real data application results demonstrate that degradation analysis allows for conclusions about system reliability to be reached earlier without compromising estimation accuracy—a major practical advantage.
Significance of Cardiometabolic Index in Predicting Acute Exacerbation of Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease for Clinical Nursing
Authors: Luo Ruqiao , Xia You , Li Shengtao , Ding Yinju
Published: November 2022

Objective. To evaluate the level of cardiometabolic index (CMI) to predict the risk of acute exacerbation in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to provide a basis for early identification and intervention of high-risk patients in clinical nursing work. Methods. Patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were admitted to the outpatient department of respiratory medicine in a tertiary hospital or followed up after discharge from January to December 2021 were retrospectively selected. CMI was measured and statistical analysis was performed to determine the optimal threshold for predicting acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Results. A total of 63 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were enrolled. The median number of episodes in the previous year was 1.00; 44 patients had ≥1 acute exacerbation. The CMI was positively correlated with the frequency of acute exacerbations and the British Medical Research Council (mMRC) score in the previous year, and negatively correlated with the percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to the predicted value (FEV1% PRED). The cut-off point of CMI for predicting acute exacerbations in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients was 2.05, with a sensitivity of 0.864% and specificity of 0.842%. It is a risk factor for acute exacerbation in COPD patients. Conclusion. CMI can be used as a biological index to predict acute exacerbation in stable COPD patients. Clinical nursing needs to evaluate patients' CMI and provide personalized nursing intervention for patients with CMI≥2.05.
A Novel Proposed Algorithm to Enhance the Overcurrent Relays’ Performance in Active Distribution Networks
Authors: El-Tawab Sally , Mohamed Hassan S. , Abdel-Aziz A. M.
Published: November 2022

This research addresses two topics: the first is the optimal coordination of overcurrent relays (OCRs), which has recently become a major challenge to ensure reliability and speed of relays’ operation, and the second is a modified circuit added to the OCR to vanquish the barriers caused by the ever-increasing participation of distributed energy resources (DERs), at a lower cost. For robust and reliable OCRs coordination, various types of optimization techniques are frequently used to find optimal OCRs settings in distribution networks (DNs). In this study, the improved wild horse optimization (IWHO) algorithm is used as a novel metaheuristic method for solving optimization issues in coordination of OCRs in a distribution network, for the first time. This technique is used to determine the optimal time multiplier setting (TMS) and optimal pickup setting (PS) of OCRs in order to minimize the overall operating time. The results of the proposed algorithm are compared with those obtained from other recent metaheuristic techniques. The obtained TMS and PS settings of each relay show the effectiveness of the proposed IWHO technique in terms of accuracy and speed in a medium scale radial network configuration. To replace the costly mitigation methods employed in the DN comprising DER, a simple circuit was proposed to be added to the OCR. Using the angle’s sign of positive sequence current component (PSCC) of fault current solely, this proposed circuit can detect the fault direction and assist the OCR in making the correct decision in fault detection and clearing with high penetration of DERs. IEEE-33 bus electrical power system has been used to validate the newly proposed protective solutions.
Dehydration, Wellness, and Training Demands of Professional Soccer Players during Preseason
Authors: Leão César , González-Fernández Francisco Tomás , Ceylan Halil İbrahim , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Nobari Hadi , Camões Miguel , Carral José Maria Cancela
Published: November 2022

Purpose. Our study is aimed at analyzing the relationships between water loss and a professional soccer team’s internal and external training load throughout the first three months of a season, covering all the preseason and the first two months of the competitive season. Methods. This study followed an observational analytic design. Twenty‐seven athletes (age: 25.5 ± 4.1 years, height: 180.7 ± 8.2 cm, and body mass: 78.4 ± 8.7 kg) were included in the study, conducted over the first three months of the season. Players were weighed at the beginning and end of all training sessions to estimate fluid losses. They were asked to complete a wellness questionnaire and indicate the color of the first urine of the day upon their arrival at the practice session. Additionally, all sessions were monitored for locomotor demands. Results. We found a positive correlation between urine color and sprint distance (r = 0.46, p = 0.01) and a positive correlation between dehydration and rating of perceived exertion (r = 0.44, p = 0.015), whereas a negative correlation between dehydration and number of acceleration (r = −0.39, p = 0.034). Conclusions. Dehydration increased perceived physical exertion. Regularly monitoring training load and changes in body mass, as well as raising awareness about hydration, can contribute to cognitive and physical performance.
Adenocarcinoma Metastasis from Colon to the Thyroid
Authors: Mardani Parviz , Ayareh Nazanin , Kamran Hooman , Shahriarirad Reza , Vafabin Masoud , Soleimani Neda
Published: November 2022

Background. Colorectal cancer metastasis to the thyroid is extremely rare and happens in the late course of the disease. Case Description. Here is the report of a 55-year-old female patient who came to us with the chief complaint of cough, diagnosed with colon metastasize to the lung. Surgical resection of the mass was performed. However, a thyroid mass was found incidentally in her postoperative follow-up. Fine needle aspiration of thyroid mass showed papillary thyroid carcinoma. But, after thyroidectomy, the origin of the mass was reported to be adenocarcinoma metastasis from colon cancer. Conclusion. Although thyroid metastasis from colorectal cancer rarely occurs, it should be considered in a patient with a solitary thyroid nodule and a past medical history of colon cancer. Surgical treatment is the preferred choice of treatment in these cases.
Real-Life Experience of Biologic Treatment for Asthma on Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Finnish Cohort
Authors: Lyly Annina , Genberg Emma , Kauppi Paula , Virkkula Paula , Lee Stella E. , Laidlaw Tanya M. , Toppila-Salmi Sanna , Lundberg Marie
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Biologics are used in the treatment of severe asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effects of biologics initiated for asthma on coexistent CRS and the influence of comorbid factors, including aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and secretory otitis media (SOM). Methods: A review of electronic health records (2009–2020) at a Finnish tertiary center was conducted to identify CRS patients treated with biologics for their asthma. We identified the type of biologic and treatment response, by comparing nasal polyp score (NPS), sinonasal outcome test (SNOT)-22, need for oral corticosteroids (OCS) and antibiotics, frequency of visits, and endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS) pretreatment and during treatment. Results: 55 patients were treated with anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) (n = 18) or anti-interleukin-5/5-receptor (IL-5/5R) (n = 37) biologics. Treatment lasted for an average of 4.1 years. Seventy-five percent (n = 41) had CRSwNP and 25% (n = 14) had CRSsNP. Of all patients, 24% (n = 13) had comorbid AERD and 22% (n = 12) had SOM. Biologic therapy reduced the need for OCS courses (anti-IgE, n = 17, p = 0.03; anti-IL-5/5R, n = 35, p = 0.01) and for daily OCS in anti-IL-5/5R (n = 35, p = 0.001) but not in anti-IgE patients (n = 16, p = 0.07). Biologics also improved NPS by 0.5 point (n = 32, p = 0.009) and SNOT-22 by 14 points (n = 7, p = 0.02) in CRSwNP patients. The overall discontinuation rate was 37.7% (n = 20) and was independent of type of biologic. Conclusion: Treatment with anti-IgE and/or anti-IL-5/5R biologics reduced the overall need for OCS medication in individuals with asthma and concomitant CRS, but despite this, the discontinuation rate was high.
Best Practices in Esophageal, Gastroduodenal, and Colonic Stenting
Authors: Medas Renato , Ferreira-Silva Joel , Girotra Mohit , Barakat Monique , Tabibian James H. , Rodrigues-Pinto Eduardo
Published: November 2022

Endoscopic stenting is an area of endoscopy that has witnessed noteworthy advancements over the last decade, resulting in evolving clinical practices among gastroenterologists around the world. Indications for endoscopic stenting have progressively expanded, becoming a frequent part of the management algorithm for various benign and malignant conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, from esophagus to rectum. In addition to expanded indications, continuous technological enhancements and development of novel endoscopic stents have resulted in an increased success of these approaches and, in some cases, allowed new applications. This review aimed to summarize best practices in esophageal, gastroduodenal, and colonic stenting.
Effects of Modified Baizhu Shaoyao San on Postoperative Diarrhea in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fei Menghui , Zhang Jiwen , Zhu Cuicui , Luo Ming , Zhang Lina , Wu Yongmei
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Postoperative gastrointestinal tract dysfunction is considered a common complication affecting patients undergoing intestinal surgery. This research aims to provide evidence to assess the efficacy and safety of Baizhu Shaoyao San (BSS) or modified BSS in treating postoperative diarrhea of colorectal cancer patients. Methods: Eighty patients with colorectal cancer were randomized within 2 weeks after surgery to receive either modified BSS or Loperamide combined with the respective dummy. The curative effect was evaluated with the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score. Determination of motilin and gastrin in plasma was conducted utilizing ELISA. Results: Compared with Loperamide therapy, the efficacy of modified BSS was statistically significant, the TCM syndrome score decreased, and the total effective rate increased. Levels of motilin and gastrin in plasma decreased. Conclusion: The curative effect and safety of modified BSS were statistically significant.
The Role of Mean Nocturnal Baseline Impedance and Post-Reflux Swallow-Induced Peristaltic Wave Index in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Authors: Liao Siyu , Hao Jiamin , Zhou Jing , Cheng Yizun , Gao Xuefen , Wu Yanping , Cheng Yan
Published: November 2022

Background: As living standards improve, more and more people are becoming overweight or obese, which has led to a gradual increase in the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance pH monitoring is a technique widely used in the clinical diagnosis of GERD. Commonly used traditional impedance parameters include acid exposure time, number of reflux episodes, symptom association probability, and symptom index. Recently, mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) and post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave (PSPW) index have been proposed as novel impedance parameters to evaluate esophageal mucosal integrity and esophageal chemical clearance, respectively. It was also pointed out that the MNBI and PSPW index can improve the diagnostic value of impedance pH monitoring and predict the treatment outcome of GERD. Summary: MNBI and PSPW index are objective and reliable novel impedance parameters with high applicability and reproducibility, which are able to improve the diagnostic yield of impedance pH monitoring and predict treatment outcomes in GERD patients. Key Messages: In this paper, we mainly review the research progress of the MNBI and the PSPW index in the diagnosis and treatment of GERD.
Trends of Urolithiasis in China: A National Study Based on Hospitalized Patients from 2013 to 2018
Authors: Wang Qin , Wang Yu , Yang Chao , Wang Jinwei , Shi Ying , Wang Haibo , Zhang Luxia , Zhao Ming-Hui
Published: November 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to explore the chronological trends in clinical features and utilization of healthcare resources for hospitalized patients with urolithiasis in China. Methods: Patients with urolithiasis were extracted from the Hospital Quality Monitoring System, a national database of hospitalized patients in China, based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes. Variables including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, treatment modalities for urolithiasis, length of hospital stay, and expenditures were collected and analyzed. Results: Among 79.8 million hospitalized patients, 3.5 million were diagnosed with urolithiasis with an increasing trend (from 3.0% in 2013 to 4.0% in 2018). Most of these patients had upper urinary tract calculi (76.6% in 2013 and 81.7% in 2018). Middle-aged patients (46–65 years) constituted the largest proportion with a stable trend (from 46.9% in 2013 to 48.8% in 2018), while the proportion of older patients (>65 years) showed an increasing trend (from 23.7% in 2013 to 27.4% in 2018). The percentages of gout/hyperuricemia, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease among the hospitalized patients with urolithiasis increased steadily, with the sharpest increases in patients from rural areas. Overall, 656,952 patients (18.9%) received surgical interventions for urolithiasis. The proportions of ureteroscopy and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy increased steadily during the 6-year study period, with simultaneous decreases in open surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The median length of hospital stay decreased from 10 days to 8 days. The cost of urolithiasis intervention accounted for 2.0% of the total hospitalization fee in 2013 and increased to 2.7% in 2018. Conclusions: The analysis showed an increasing trend in the percentage of hospitalized patients with urolithiasis, accompanied by an increased percentage of the total hospitalization fee for urolithiasis intervention during the 6-year study period. Based on the increasing trends in the proportion of older patients (>65 years) and percentages of metabolic comorbidities among patients with urolithiasis, an increased burden of urolithiasis on the healthcare system in China is anticipated.
Offline signature verification using long short-term memory and histogram orientation gradient
Authors: Alsuhimat Fadi Mohammad , Mohamad Fatma Susilawati
Published: November 2022

The signing process is a critical step that organizations take to ensure the confidentiality of their data and to safeguard it against unauthorized penetration or access. Within the last decade, offline handwritten signature research has grown in popularity as a common method for human authentication via biometric features. It is not an easy task, despite the importance of this method; the struggle in such a system stem from the inability of any individual to sign the same signature each and every time. Additionally, we are indeed interested in the dataset’s features that could affect the model's performance; thus, from extracted features from the signature images using the histogram orientation gradient (HOG) technique. In this paper, we suggested a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model for signature verification, with input data from the USTig and CEDAR datasets. Our model’s predictive ability is quite outstanding: The classification accuracy efficiency LSTM for USTig was 92.4% with a run-time of 1.67 seconds and 87.7% for CEDAR with a run-time of 2.98 seconds. Our proposed method outperforms other offline signature verification approaches such as K-nearest neighbour (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), convolution neural network (CNN), speeded-up robust features (SURF), and Harris in terms of accuracy.
Prediction of linear model on stunting prevalence with machine learning approach
Authors: Mambang Mambang , Marleny Finki Dona , Zulfadhilah Muhammad
Published: November 2022

An increase in the number of residents should be anticipated including in the health sector, especially the problem of stunting. Stunting in children disrupts height and lack of absorption of nutrients. Information and data drive change in many areas such as health, entertainment, economics, business, and other strategic areas. The stages carried out in this study are initiating, developing linear models, and making prediction results on linear machine learning models. The results of testing with the scikit-learn linear model with a minimum variable of 19 get the best test results, namely the polynomial regression with pipeline model with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) 0.02, root mean square error (RMSE) 3.32, and coefficient of determination (R2) 1,00. Testing with the scikit-learn linear model with a maximum variable of 48 gets the best test results, namely the polynomial regression with pipeline model with MAPE 0.00, RMSE 3.79 and R2 1.00. Testing with the scikit-learn linear model with an average variable of 32 gets the best test results, namely the polynomial regression model with MAPE 0.01, RMSE 3.32, and R2 1.00. The results of testing with the scikit-learn linear model with the minimum, maximum, and average variables get the best test results, namely the polynomial regression with pipeline model.
Real-time military person detection and classification system using deep metric learning with electrostatic loss
Authors: Suprayitno Suprayitno , Fauzi Willy Achmat , Ain Khusnul , Yasin Moh.
Published: November 2022

This study addressed a system design to detect the presence of military personnel (combatants or non-combatants) and civilians in real-time using the convolutional neural network (CNN) and a new loss function called electrostatic loss. The basis of the proposed electrostatic loss is the triplet loss algorithm. Triplet loss’ input is a triplet image consisting of an anchor image (xa), a positive image (xp), and a negative image (xn). In triplet loss, xn will be moved away from xa but not far from both xa and xp. It is possible to create clusters where the intra-class distance becomes large and does not determine the magnitude and direction of xn displacement. As a result, the convergence condition is more difficult to achieve. Meanwhile, in electrostatic loss, some of these problems are solved by approaching the electrostatic force on charged particles as described in Coulomb's law. With the inception ResNet-v2 128-dimensional vectors network within electrostatic loss, the system was able to produce accuracy values of 0.994681, mean average precision (mAP) of 0.994385, R-precision of 0.992908, adjusted mutual information (AMI) of 0.964917, and normalized mutual information (NMI) of 0.965031.
Comparative analysis of influencing factors on pedestrian road accidents
Authors: Hafeez Farrukh , Sheikh Usman Ullah , Al-Shammari Saud , Hamid Muhammad , Khakwani Abdul Baqi Khan , Arfeen Zeeshan Ahmad
Published: November 2022

Road accident data includes detailed information about incidents that occurred, such as where they happened, the severity of the accident, and the number of people on the road at the time. Such information is useful in determining the causes of accidents and developing potential countermeasures. This research aims to determine the factors that contribute to pedestrian fatalities and injuries in traffic accidents. This study examined 150 pedestrian-vehicle accidents that took place between 1990 and 2021 in forty countries. Eleven factors have been identified as the major causes of accidents. The categorical principal component analysis (CATPCA) technique is used to reduce the number of dimensions and identify the elements that contribute to accidents. The eleven variables are classified into three groups: human factors, roadway environment, and vehicle attributes. The study found that car speed, weather, lighting, traffic conditions, area types, accident locations, and road conditions all had a significant impact on pedestrian accidents and fatalities. The findings show that a pedestrian's state (walking, running) and intention significantly increase the risk of serious injuries and death. The analysis of the driver's status suggests that the driver's intentions may also play a role in car accidents.
Performance analysis of CMOS based analog circuit design with PVR variation
Authors: Prajapati Pankaj P. , Kshatriya Anilkumar J. , Bharvad Sureshbhai L. , Upadhyay Abhay B.
Published: November 2022

Process, supply voltage, and temperature (PVT) are three important factors which contribute to performance variation of the complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) based analog circuits. In this paper, CMOS based analog circuit design with the PVT variation effects are explored. The effects of the PVT variation on the performance of CMOS based analog circuits are introduced. The optimization of CMOS based analog circuits such as differential amplifier (DA) and two-stage operational amplifier (op amp) circuits with PVT variations with different algorithms such as cockoo search (CS), particle swam optimization (PSO), hybrid CSPSO, and differential evaluation (DE) algorithms is presented. Each algorithm is implemented using the C programming language, interfaced with Ngspice circuit simulator, and tested on the Intel®core™ i5, 2.40 GHz processor with 8 GB internal RAM using the Ubuntu operating system (OS). The result shows PVT variation affects the performance of CMOS circuit.
Security of private cloud using machine learning and cryptography
Authors: Jabbar Ali Abdulsattar , Bhaya Wesam Sameer
Published: November 2022

There are increased security challenges that target cloud systems. One of the most important requirements of users in cloud storage is protecting their cloud from attacks and keeping data secure. Modern technologies of machine learning are providing the ability to analyze and classify data perfectly. This paper proposes a model placed between users and the cloud, which is based on two phases. The first of which is protecting the cloud from different types of network attacks and detecting normal and abnormal flow. The second one is categorizing the users' data and then encrypting it based on its importance using different encryption algorithms. The accuracy results of random forest (RF) and decision tree (DT) are 100% of attack detection for each one. For the second phase of classifying data, the algorithms used are the logistic regression (LR) and stochastic gradient descent (SGD) learning which resulted in 98% accuracy for both. Besides, the encryption algorithms that have been adopted are rivest cipher (RC4), triple data encryption (3DES), and advanced encryption standard (AES) for encryption of the classified data according to the importance which will be then stored in the cloud in its secure form.
Distributed denial of service attack defense system-based auto machine learning algorithm
Authors: Aljanabi Mohammad , Hayder Russul , Talib Shatha , Hussien Ali Ahmed , Mohammed Mostafa Abdulghafoor , Sutikno Tole
Published: November 2022

The use of network-connected gadgets is rising quickly in the internet age, which is escalating the number of cyberattacks. The detection of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks is a tedious task that has necessitated the development of a number of models for its identification recently. Nonetheless, because of major fluctuations in subscriptions and traffic rates, it continues to be a difficult challenge. A novel automatic detection technique was created to address this issue in this work, which reduces the feature space and consequently minimizes the computational time and model overfitting. Data preprocessing is done first to increase the model's generalizability; then, a feature selection method is used to choose the most pertinent features to increase the accuracy of the classification process. Additionally, hyperparameter tuning-choosing the proper parameters for the learning approach-improved model performance. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) is compatible with the optimization and the hyperparameters offered by supervised learning methods. The CICDDoS2019 dataset was used to evaluate each of these assays, and the experimental findings demonstrated that, with an accuracy of 99.95%, the suggested model performs well when compared to more modern techniques.
Towards classification of images by using block-based CNN
Authors: Jasim Retaj Matroud , Atia Tayseer Salman
Published: November 2022

Image classification is the process of assigning labeling to the input images to a fixed set of categories; however, assigning labels to the image is difficult by using the traditional method because of the large number of images. To solve this problem, we will resort to deep learning techniques. Which is enables computers to recognize and extract visual characteristics. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is a deep neural network used for many purposes, such as image classification, detection, and face recognition, due to its high-performance accuracy in classification and detection tasks. In this paper, we develop CNN based on the transfer learning approach for image classification. The network comprises two types of transfer learning, ResNet and DenseNet, as building blocks of the network with an multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier. The proposed method does not need to preprocess before these datasets that input into the network. It was train on two datasets: the Cifar-10 and the Sign-Traffic datasets. We conclude that the proposed method achieves the best performance compared with other states of the art. The accuracy gained is 97.45% and 99.45%, respectively, where the proposed CNN increased the accuracy compared to other methods by 3%.
Avaliação de formação de um sistema turbidítico do Campo de Albacora: uma abordagem estatística utilizando R
Authors: Correa Saulo Aparecido da Silva , Silva Adalberto da , Correa Samuel Aparecido da Silva , Ferrari André Luiz
Published: November 2022

Basicamente, a perfilagem de poços é um conjunto de medidas geofísicas executado em poços abertos ou revestidos, que fornece informações essenciais sobre as propriedades das formações geológicas em subsuperfície necessárias para a exploração e produção de importantes recursos minerais e energéticos. Como método geofísico propriamente dito, esse conjunto de técnicas desenvolveu-se na indústria do petróleo e constitui-se na base principal da avaliação de formação, que é a ferramenta básica para a caracterização de rochas e sua viabilidade explotatória, pois fornece as melhores relações causais entre as medidas geofísicas e as propriedades geológicas e petrofísicas das rochas. No fluxo ordinário da indústria, a prática é a aplicação de suítes comerciais para realizar a tarefa. Neste trabalho, propomos uma alternativa usando uma plataforma livre (R e RStudio), em que o fluxo de avaliação é transparente, reproduzível e facilmente documentado pelo analista de perfis. Este artigo apresenta um fluxo analítico robusto e consistente para um poço-exemplo de um importante reservatório siliciclástico brasileiro, usando exclusivamente ferramentas e linguagem de domínio livre adaptável a outros cenários geológicos e distintos trabalhos de equipe, elegante e totalmente documentável. Como principal resultado, demonstra-se que, tendo por base a estatística descritiva, esse fluxo é uma ferramenta auxiliar sólida para a avaliação de formação, em que os experimentos de parametrização que aplicam ferramentas comuns como histogramas e densidade de probabilidade 1D e 2D e diagramas de dispersão (crossplots) concorrem para o reconhecimento de padrões consistentes, que resultam num modelo realístico de eletrofácies para o reservatório, com uma variedade de classes adequada à escala de inferência e à geologia.
Tycho Brahe e a precisão das observações astronômicas
Authors: Tossato Claudemir Roque
Published: November 2022

Neste texto apresento os instrumentos de observação astronômica, criados ou aprimorados por Tycho Brahe, e como eles contribuíram para o processo de constituição do copernicanismo, Para tanto, discuto a importância que as observações mais precisas obtidas por Brahe, com o uso de seus instrumentos, teve para Kepler elaborar as suas duas primeiras leis dos movimentos dos planetas. Discuto, também, alguns aspectos sobre a distinção entre conhecimento científico e tecnológico.
Tolkien: uma análise sobre a cultura política conservadora inglesa
Authors: Sousa Mara Lúcia Ribeiro de
Published: November 2022

J.R.R. Tolkien, autor de renome, pode ser visto como um intelectual representante da cultura política dominante da Inglaterra do início do século XX? O objetivo do artigo é compreender como se desenvolveram em Tolkien traços da cultura política conservadora, utilizando o conceito de cultura política de Serge Bernstein e analisando as redes de socialização que pautaram a vida do intelectual e que revelam uma visão de mundo partilhada por outros intelectuais do seu segmento cultural. A análise da biografia de Humphrey Carpenter e de variadas correspondências servem para comprovar o posicionamento do escritor como um homem inserido na cultura política conservadora da Inglaterra.
Insatisfação resignada: comentários sobre A flor da Inglaterra, de George Orwell
Authors: Tavares Débora Reis , Puglia Daniel
Published: November 2022

O objetivo desde artigo é comentar alguns aspectos referentes ao romance A Flor da Inglaterra, de George Orwell. Concentraremos nossa atenção no personagem central, Gordon Comstock. Nossa intenção é compreender algumas das escolhas e atitudes do personagem a partir de elementos internos à narrativa, bem como sugerir possíveis ligações com aspectos sociais e históricos. Isso talvez contribua para a compreensão daquilo que chamamos de insatisfação resignada, algo exemplificado pelo personagem.
Winston Smith, tradutor
Authors: Gambarotto Bruno
Published: November 2022

Neste ensaio, desenvolvo reflexões sobre aspectos da atividade tradutoria a partir de alguns temas presentes na construção da personagem central do romance, Winston Smith, e seu trabalho no Ministério da Verdade. Dessa reflexão constam ideias relativas a natureza hermenêutica do ofício e à comunicabilidade como trânsito intelectual e afetivo, ambos postos em xeque sob o advento da Novilingua.
Entrevista Richard Blair
Authors: Blair Richard
Published: November 2022

Richard Blair é filho do autor George Orwell e presidente da Orwell Society.
ATIC-Associated De Novo Purine Synthesis Is Critically Involved in Proliferative Arterial Disease
Authors: Ma Qian , Yang Qiuhua , Xu Jiean , Zhang Xiaoyu , Kim David , Liu Zhiping , Da Qingen , Mao Xiaoxiao , Zhou Yaqi , Cai Yongfeng , Pareek Vidhi , Kim Ha Won , Wu Guangyu , Dong Zheng , Song Wen-Liang , Gan Lin , Zhang Chunxiang , Hong Mei , Benkovic Stephen J. , Weintraub Neal L. , Fulton David , Asara John M. , Ben-Sahra Issam , Huo Yuqing
Published: November 2022

Background:

Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a hallmark of arterial diseases, especially in arterial restenosis after angioplasty or stent placement. VSMCs reprogram their metabolism to meet the increased requirements of lipids, proteins, and nucleotides for their proliferation. De novo purine synthesis is one of critical pathways for nucleotide synthesis. However, its role in proliferation of VSMCs in these arterial diseases has not been defined.

Methods:

De novo purine synthesis in proliferative VSMCs was evaluated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The expression of ATIC (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/inosine monophosphate cyclohydrolase), the critical bifunctional enzyme in the last 2 steps of the de novo purine synthesis pathway, was assessed in VSMCs of proliferative arterial neointima. Global and VSMC-specific knockout of
Atic
mice were generated and used for examining the role of ATIC-associated purine metabolism in the formation of arterial neointima and atherosclerotic lesions.

Results:

In this study, we found that de novo purine synthesis was increased in proliferative VSMCs. Upregulated purine synthesis genes, including ATIC, were observed in the neointima of the injured vessels and atherosclerotic lesions both in mice and humans. Global or specific knockout of
Atic
in VSMCs inhibited cell proliferation, attenuating the arterial neointima in models of mouse atherosclerosis and arterial restenosis.

Conclusions:

These results reveal that de novo purine synthesis plays an important role in VSMC proliferation in arterial disease. These findings suggest that targeting ATIC is a promising therapeutic approach to combat arterial diseases.
Aspirin Versus Clopidogrel for Long-Term Maintenance Monotherapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The HOST-EXAM Extended Study
Authors: Kang Jeehoon , Park Kyung Woo , Lee Huijin , Hwang Doyeon , Yang Han-Mo , Rha Seung-Woon , Bae Jang-Whan , Lee Nam Ho , Hur Seung-Ho , Han Jung-Kyu , Shin Eun-Seok , Koo Bon-Kwon , Kim Hyo-Soo
Published: November 2022

Background:

Long-term outcomes of antiplatelet monotherapy in patients who receive percutaneous coronary intervention are unknown. The HOST-EXAM (Harmonizing Optimal Strategy for Treatment of Coronary Artery Stenosis–Extended Antiplatelet Monotherapy) Extended study reports the posttrial follow-up results of the original HOST-EXAM trial.

Methods:

From March 2014 through May 2018, 5438 patients who maintained dual antiplatelet therapy without clinical events for 12±6 months after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive clopidogrel (75 mg once daily) or aspirin (100 mg once daily). The primary end point (a composite of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, readmission attributable to acute coronary syndrome, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 or greater bleeding), secondary thrombotic end point (cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, readmission attributable to acute coronary syndrome, and definite or probable stent thrombosis), and bleeding end point (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 2 or greater bleeding) were analyzed during the extended follow-up period. Analysis was performed on the per-protocol population (2431 patients in the clopidogrel group and 2286 patients in the aspirin group).

Results:

During a median follow-up of 5.8 years (interquartile range, 4.8–6.2 years), the primary end point occurred in 12.8% and 16.9% in the clopidogrel and aspirin groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.63–0.86];
P
<0.001). The clopidogrel group had a lower risk for the secondary thrombotic end point (7.9% versus 11.9%; hazard ratio, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.55–0.79];
P
<0.001) and secondary bleeding end point (4.5% versus 6.1%; hazard ratio, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.57–0.94];
P
=0.016). There was no significant difference in the incidence of all-cause death between the 2 groups (6.2% versus 6.0%; hazard ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.82–1.31];
P
=0.742). Landmark analysis at 2 years showed that the beneficial effect of clopidogrel was consistent throughout the follow-up period.

Conclusions:

During an extended follow-up of >5 years after randomization, clopidogrel monotherapy compared with aspirin monotherapy was associated with lower rates of the composite net clinical outcome in patients without clinical events for 12±6 months after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02044250.
Understanding knowledge role transitions: A perspective of knowledge codification
Authors: Yang Jinqing , Lu Wei , Huang Yong , Cheng Qikai , Zhang Li , Huang Shengzhi
Published: November 2022

Informal knowledge constantly transitions into formal domain knowledge in the dynamic knowledge base. This article focuses on an integrative understanding of the knowledge role transition from the perspective of knowledge codification. The transition process is characterized by several dynamics involving a variety of bibliometric entities, such as authors, keywords, institutions, and venues. We thereby designed a series of temporal and cumulative indicators to respectively explore transition possibility (whether new knowledge could be transitioned into formal knowledge) and transition pace (how long it would take). By analyzing the large-scale metadata of publications that contain informal knowledge and formal knowledge in the PubMed database, we find that multidimensional variables are essential to comprehensively understand knowledge role transition. More significantly, early funding support is more important for improving transition pace; journal impact has a positive correlation with the transition possibility but a negative correlation with transition pace; and weaker knowledge relatedness raises the transition possibility, whereas stronger knowledge relatedness improves the transition pace.
A review of the genus Nikara Moore and its transfer to the Stiriinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: SALDAITIS AIDAS , VOLYNKIN ANTON V. , SPEIDEL WOLFGANG , ZAHIRI REZA
Published: November 2022

The compact noctuid genus Nikara Moore, 1882 is reviewed and transferred from Noctuinae, Xylenini to Stiriinae based on multi-locus molecular and morphological data. Chrysonicara aureus Bang-Haas, 1927, syn. nov. is synonymized with Nikara plusiodes de Joannis, 1914, and therefore the monotypic genus Chrysonicara Draudt, 1937, syn. nov. of which aureus is the type species is synonymized with Nikara Moore, 1882. A new combination: Nikara cupreomicans (Draudt, 1950), comb. nov. is established by transferring Lasiplexia cupreomicans Draudt, 1950 to Nikara. Lectotypes for Lasiplexia cupreomicans Draudt, 1950 and Chrysoptera (Plusia) aureus Bang-Haas, 1927 are designated. Adults together with male and female genitalia are illustrated.
Complete mitogenome and phylogenetic significance of Metoecus javanus (Pic, 1913) (Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae) from Southwest China, with notes on morphological traits of adult and immature stages
Authors: LI JUN , ZHOU ZHENG , MAO CHUYANG , PAN ZHAO , YAO YUHAO , HE JINWU , LIN YAN , DONG ZHIWEI , LIU GUICHUN , ZHAO RUOPING , WANG WEN , LI XUEYAN
Published: November 2022

Wedge-shaped beetles (Ripiphoridae) not only exhibit enigmatic morphological and biological traits but also disputable phylogenetic positions. At present, however, genetic information regarding this family remains limited. In this study, we report on the complete mitogenome of one ripiphorid beetle, Metoecus javanus (Pic, 1913), from Southwest China, as well as its different developmental stages, populations, and morphological variability. The complete mitogenome of M. javanus was 16 109 bp in length, containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and a noncoding control region. Of the 37 genes, 23 were located on the majority strand (J-strand) and 14 were located on the minority strand (N-strand). All PCGs started with “ATN” (N represents A, T, G, and C), and terminated with “TAA”, except for NAD1 with “TAG” and COX2 with a single “T”. The five most used codons in the PCGs were UUA(L), UCU(S2), CCU(P), UCA(S2), and GGA(G), indicating a strong bias toward A + T-rich codons. All 22 tRNAs showed typical cloverleaf structures, except trnS1, which lacked a dihydrouridine (DHU) stem. The control region contained five types of tandem repeats, with the repeat units ranging from 17 to 24 bp. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated set of 13 PCGs and two rRNAs (rrnL and rrnS) of M. javanus and 17 other Tenebrionoidea species indicated that M. javanus did not cluster with Pelecotoma fennica (Ripiphoridae: Pelecotominae), another wedge-shaped beetle, but was located at the base of the Mordellidae + P. fennica clade. This reconstruction supported the paraphyly of Ripiphoridae with respect to Mordellidae. Using the mitogenome COX1 data, wedge-shaped beetles from different stages (male adult, female adult, and pupa), different geographical populations (Nujiang and Lincang), and different wasp hosts (Vespidae: Vespa velutina Lepeletier, 1836 and Vespa bicolor Fabricius, 1787) were identified as a same species (i.e., M. javanus). Based on morphological observations of all specimens, we identified and described variability in the adult pronotum, male genitalia, and pupa of M. javanus. The present results provide important genetic and morphological information for further investigations on the phylogenetic position of Ripiphoridae and its evolutionary diversity.