bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jerusalem's Roses and Jasmine: A Resistant Ventriloquism against a Racialized Orientalism
Authors: AL-SABER SAMER
Published: June 2018

The Palestinian National Theatre's production of Roses and Jasmine presents an uncommon occurrence: Palestinians performing a Jewish-majority story on Palestinian and world stages. The play opened to divergent audience reactions in East Jerusalem, igniting controversy, and leading to the expression of opinions that ranged from absolute support to clear opposition. This article discusses the play's intervention into an orientalist rhetorical context, showing how reversing traditional orientalist ventriloquisms can be employed as a key strategy of cultural resistance. An analysis of the production's choices and the critical responses it generated suggests that by consciously representing Jewish characters who struggle with their own religious and national identities through Palestinian performers, the play opens up the possibility of breaking the perception of balance between the occupier and the occupied. Extended to a larger context, a resistant ventriloquism can reveal systemic oppression, rendering injustices visible in cases where systemic racism prevents the colonizer from seeing the condition of the colonized.
Vowel dispersion and Kazakh labial harmony
Authors: McCollum Adam G.
Published: June 2018

This paper uses novel data showing gradient labial harmony in Kazakh to compare Kaun's (1995) feature-based analysis with a dispersion-based analysis in a Maximum Entropy Harmonic Grammar. The paper demonstrates that the dispersion-based analysis better fits the Kazakh data than Kaun's analysis, and then extends it to account for four languages with harmony patterns different from that in Kazakh. The paper also argues that the dispersion-based account provides a better analysis of the typology of labial harmony than Kaun's feature-based analysis.
Defining Disaster-Related Health Risk: A Primer for Prevention
Authors: Keim Mark
Published: June 2018

Effective disaster risk management requires not only management of the immediate problem (disaster-related injuries and disease), but also of the patient’s risk factors and of the underlying health determinants. This requires an accurate and well-validated process for assessment of the determinants of disease.

Ideally, disaster risk management is based on a prioritization process. Once hazards have been identified, they are assessed in terms of the probability and impact in terms of losses. The hazards associated with the greatest probability and impact loss are prioritized. In addition to prioritization, risk assessment also offers a process for ongoing research involving the interaction of health determinants, risk, and protective factors that may contribute to future adverse health outcomes.

Recently, assessments of health risk have become an integral part of local, state, and national emergency preparedness programs. One of the strengths of these assessments is the convening of multi-sectoral input for public health decision making and plans. However, this diversity of input also creates challenges in development of a common nomenclature for assessing and communicating the characteristics of this risk. Definitions remain ambiguous for many of the key indicators of disaster risk, especially those applied to health risk.

This report is intended as a primer for defining disaster-related health risk. This framework is discussed within a nomenclature that is consistent with international standards for risk management and public health prevention.

KeimM. Defining disaster-related health risk: a primer for prevention. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(3):308-316.
Assessing Disaster-Related Health Risk: Appraisal for Prevention
Authors: Keim Mark
Published: June 2018

Risk assessment is a key component of public health interventions intended to prevent or reduce adverse health effects. Health risk assessments are widely used to guide public health programming, as well as multi-sectoral studies of environmental impact and developmental decision making. Analytical risk assessment is a well-validated tool that is routinely used among certain subsets of public health, including those for chemical, radiological, and microbiological risk assessment. However, this is not the case for risk assessments involving disasters in general, or more specifically, for public health emergencies involving environmental hazards (eg, technological, hydro-meteorological, and seismic).

There remains a need for a reproducible, well-validated, disaster-related health risk assessment process that is suitable for accommodating the current gaps in certainty. This report is intended to offer a practical framework and nomenclature for assessing disaster-related health risk that is: (1) accurate; (2) based upon historical evidence; (3) quantifiable in public health terms; and (4) inclusive of uncertainty.

KeimM. Assessing disaster-related health risk: appraisal for prevention. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(3):317-325.
INFORMAL SECTOR MISALLOCATION
Authors: Lopez-Martin Bernabe
Published: June 2018

A quantitative framework of firm dynamics is developed where the size of the informal sector is determined by financial constraints and the burden of taxation. Improving access to credit for formal sector firms increases aggregate total factor productivity and output while reducing the size of the informal sector. Introducing size-dependent taxes reduces the gains from financial development as they incentivize firms to produce at a relatively limited scale. The aggregate effects of eliminating formal sector registration costs are positive but modest relative to previous theoretical models and the gains generated by financial development, and consistent with empirical evidence based on micro-level data.
Maternal and familial correlates of anthropometric typologies in the nutrition transition of Colombia, 2000–2010
Authors: Parra Diana C , Gomez Luis F , Iannotti Lora , Haire-Joshu Debra , Sebert Kuhlmann Anne K , Brownson Ross C
Published: June 2018

Objective

We aimed to assess the maternal and family determinants of four anthropometric typologies at the household level in Colombia for the years 2000, 2005 and 2010.

Design

We classified children <5 years old according to height-for-age Z-score (<−2) and BMI-for-age Z-score (>2) to assess stunting and overweight/obesity, respectively; mothers were categorized according to BMI to assess underweight (<18·5 kg/m2) and overweight/obesity (≥25·0 kg/m2). At the household level, we established four final anthropometric typologies: normal, underweight, overweight and dual-burden households. Separate polytomous logistic regression models for each of the surveyed years were developed to examine several maternal and familial determinants of the different anthropometric typologies.

Setting

National and sub-regional (urban and rural) representative samples from Colombia, South America.

Subjects

Drawing on data from three waves of Colombia’s Demographic and Health Survey/Encuesta Nacional de Salud (DHS/ENDS), we examined individual and household information from mothers (18–49 years) and their children (birth–5 years).

Results

Higher parity was associated with an increased likelihood of overweight and dual burden. Higher levels of maternal education were correlated with lower prevalence of overweight, underweight and dual burden of malnutrition in all data collection waves. In 2010, participation in nutrition programmes for children <5 years, being an indigenous household, food purchase decisions by the mother and food security classification were also associated with the four anthropometric typologies.

Conclusions

Results suggest that maternal and family correlates of certain anthropometric typologies at the household level may be used to better frame policies aimed at improving social conditions and nutrition outcomes.
Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy Image Simulations of Experimental Nano-Chessboard Observations in Co-Pt Alloys
Authors: Kashyap Isha , Jin Yongmei M. , Vetter Eric P. , Floro Jerrold A. , De Graef Marc
Published: June 2018

The magnetization configuration of a novel nano-chessboard structure consisting of L10and L12phases in a Co40Pt60alloy is investigated using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) and micro-magnetic simulations. We show high-resolution LTEM images of nano-size magnetic features acquired through spherical aberration correction in Lorentz Fresnel mode. Phase reconstructions and LTEM image simulations are carried out to fully understand the magnetic microstructure. The experimental Fresnel images of the nano-chessboard structure show zig-zag shaped magnetic domain walls at the inter-phase boundaries between L10and L12phases. A circular magnetization distribution with vortex and anti-vortex type arrangement is evident in the phase reconstructed magnetic induction maps as well as simulated maps. The magnetic contrast in experimental LTEM images is interpreted with the help of magnetic induction maps simulated for various relative electron beam-sample orientations inside the TEM.
Undernutrition in childhood resulted in bad dietary behaviors and the increased risk of hypertension in a middle-aged Chinese population
Authors: Zhang L. , Sheng J. , Xuan Y. , Xuan P. , Zhou J. , Fan Y. , Zhu X. , Liu K. , Yang L. , Tao F. , Wang S.
Published: June 2018

This study was designed to explore the association between undernutrition in the growth period and cardiovascular risk factors in a middle-aged Chinese population. A total of 1756 subjects, aged 45–60 years, were invited to participate in the Hefei Nutrition and Health Study and divided into three groups according to their self-reported animal food intake in the growth period. Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 were defined as undernutrition, nutritional improvement and the good nutrition group, respectively. In the three groups, the subjects in Groups 1 and 2 had more oil and salt intake (P<0.001), and less eggs and milk intake (P<0.001), when compared with the subjects in Group 3. After adjusting for age, education, smoking status and other confounding factors, it was found that male participants who experienced nutritional improvement before age 18 had higher risk of hypertension [odds ratio (OR)=1.68; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.05, 2.69] than those with good nutrition, and female participants with undernutrition (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.29) and nutritional improvement (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.69) before age 18 had a higher risk of hypertension than those with good nutrition. For diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, our results did not found difference among the three groups both in male and female. Our findings indicated that nutritional deficiency in childhood was associated with bad dietary behaviors and a significantly increased risk of hypertension in middle age. Therefore, early adequate nutrition is very important for the prevention of non-communicable diseases later.
A Higher‐resolution Version of the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI‐ESM1.2‐HR)
Authors: Müller W. A. , Jungclaus J. H. , Mauritsen T. , Baehr J. , Bittner M. , Budich R. , Bunzel F. , Esch M. , Ghosh R. , Haak H. , Ilyina T. , Kleine T. , Kornblueh L. , Li H. , Modali K. , Notz D. , Pohlmann H. , Roeckner E. , Stemmler I. , Tian F. , Marotzke J.
Published: June 2018

The MPI‐ESM1.2 is the latest version of the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model and is the baseline for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 and current seasonal and decadal climate predictions. This paper evaluates a coupled higher‐resolution version (MPI‐ESM1.2‐HR) in comparison with its lower‐resolved version (MPI‐ESM1.2‐LR). We focus on basic oceanic and atmospheric mean states and selected modes of variability, the El Niño/Southern Oscillation and the North Atlantic Oscillation. The increase in atmospheric resolution in MPI‐ESM1.2‐HR reduces the biases of upper‐level zonal wind and atmospheric jet stream position in the northern extratropics. This results in a decrease of the storm track bias over the northern North Atlantic, for both winter and summer season. The blocking frequency over the European region is improved in summer, and North Atlantic Oscillation and related storm track variations improve in winter. Stable Atlantic meridional overturning circulations are found with magnitudes of ~16 Sv for MPI‐ESM1.2‐HR and ~20 Sv for MPI‐ESM1.2‐LR at 26°N. A strong sea surface temperature bias of ~5°C along with a too zonal North Atlantic current is present in both versions. The sea surface temperature bias in the eastern tropical Atlantic is reduced by ~1°C due to higher‐resolved orography in MPI‐ESM‐HR, and the region of the cold‐tongue bias is reduced in the tropical Pacific. MPI‐ESM1.2‐HR has a well‐balanced radiation budget and its climate sensitivity is explicitly tuned to 3 K. Although the obtained reductions in long‐standing biases are modest, the improvements in atmospheric dynamics make this model well suited for prediction and impact studies.
Rationale and Efficacy of Assimilating Remotely Sensed Potential Evapotranspiration for Reduced Uncertainty of Hydrologic Models
Authors: Rajib Adnan , Merwade Venkatesh , Yu Zhiqiang
Published: June 2018

The objective of this study is to systematically attribute sources of evapotranspiration uncertainty in a hydrologic model and accordingly propose a remote sensing‐based solution. Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for three U.S. watersheds, representing different geophysical settings, this study first addresses the effects of parameter equifinality, energy‐related weather input uncertainty, and limited process representation on evapotranspiration simulation. Remotely sensed 8‐day total actual evapotranspiration (AET) from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is used as a reference to evaluate the model outcome. Results indicate the likelihood of a pseudo‐accurate model showing high streamflow prediction skill despite severely erroneous spatiotemporal dynamics of AET. As a remedial measure, a hybrid daily potential evapotranspiration (PET) estimate, derived from MODIS, is directly ingested at each hydrologic response unit of the model to create a new configuration called SWAT‐PET. A key contribution is the modified SWAT source code that integrates the model (i.e., SWAT‐PET) with an automatic remote sensing data processor. The underlying notion is that remotely sensed PET works as a surrogate of actual vegetation dynamics, biophysical processes, and energy balance, without overruling the model's built‐in soil moisture accounting. Noticeably, increased accuracy of soil moisture, AET, and streamflow in SWAT‐PET, compared to independent sources of observations/reference estimates (i.e., field sensor, satellite, and gauge stations), approves the efficacy of the proposed approach toward improved physical consistency of hydrologic modeling. While the idea is tested for a past period, the ultimate goal is to improve near‐real‐time hydrologic forecasting once such PET estimates become available.
Strong Linkage Between Precipitation Intensity and Monsoon Season Groundwater Recharge in India
Authors: Asoka Akarsh , Wada Yoshihide , Fishman Ram , Mishra Vimal
Published: June 2018

Groundwater is a lifeline for millions of people in India, which is affected by the year‐to‐year variability of precipitation amount and characteristics (low and high intensity). Precipitation intensity has been observed and projected to change in India. However, the crucial impact of precipitation intensity on groundwater recharge in India remains unknown. Here we use in situ data from more than 5,800 groundwater wells to show that precipitation intensity is strongly linked with groundwater recharge in India. In the northwest and north central India, the monsoon season groundwater recharge is linked with the low‐intensity precipitation, while in South India high‐intensity precipitation is a major driver of groundwater recharge. Observed long‐term changes in precipitation characteristics show a decline in the low‐intensity rain in the northwest and north central India that are strongly driven by sea surface temperature over the Pacific Ocean. Increases in the high‐intensity precipitation in South India are linked with the sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean. Our results highlight the importance of precipitation intensity for the monsoon season groundwater recharge in India, which can provide insights to sustainably manage rapidly declining groundwater resources in India.
International Geophysical Year: Space Weather Impacts in February 1958
Authors: Lanzerotti Louis J. , Baker Daniel N.
Published: June 2018

Sixty years ago the large February 1958 geomagnetic storm in the International Geophysical Year produced significant impacts on the electrical technologies of the day. The impacts of this major storm had considerable public exposure and interest. In the six decades since the large International Geophysical Year storm, the technology elements impacted during that storm—communications and power systems—continue to be employed, sometimes in new ways. Importantly, over the decades new human technologies that can be impacted by space weather processes have been invented and implemented. Continued progress is required in the research and understanding of space processes so as to design for, mitigate against, and operate through severe geomagnetic disturbances.
CARK1 mediates ABA signaling by phosphorylation of ABA receptors
Authors: Zhang Liang , Li Xiaoyi , Li Dekuan , Sun Yuna , Li Ying , Luo Qin , Liu Zhibin , Wang Jianmei , Li Xufeng , Zhang Hong , Lou Zhiyong , Yang Yi
Published: June 2018

The function of abscisic acid (ABA) is mediated by its receptors termed RCARs/PYR1/PYLs. Modulation of ABA signaling is vital for plant growth and development. The RCAR-PP2C-SnRK2 regulatory modules have been defined as the core components in ABA signaling. However, it is still not clear whether and how the ABA receptors could be modified at the initial post-translational stage to fine-tune ABA transduction pathway. Here we identify and characterize the putative receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) in Arabidopsis named CARK1, which interacts with RCAR3 (PYL8) and RCAR11 (PYR1) in the manner of phosphorylation. Structural studies of CARK1 revealed the critical active site, N204, which accounts for the kinase activity and the direct interaction with RCAR3/RCAR11. CARK1 phosphorylates RCAR3/RCAR11 at one conserved threonine site, T77/T78. Our genetic analyses further demonstrated that CARK1 positively regulates ABA-mediated physiological responses and overexpression of CARK1 in Arabidopsis distinctly promotes the drought resistance. Moreover, the phosphor-mimic form of RCAR11 in the cark1 mutant is able to functionally complement the ABA sensitivity. CARK1 positively regulates ABA-responsive gene expression and enhances RCAR3/RCAR11’s inhibition to Clade A PP2C. Taken together, our studies strongly support the functional significance of CARK1 in positively regulating ABA signaling via phosphorylation on RCAR3/RCAR11 in Arabidopsis.
Specific hippocampal representations are linked to generalized cortical representations in memory
Authors: Yu Jai Y. , Liu Daniel F. , Loback Adrianna , Grossrubatscher Irene , Frank Loren M.
Published: June 2018

Memories link information about specific experiences to more general knowledge that is abstracted from and contextualizes those experiences. Hippocampal-cortical activity patterns representing features of past experience are reinstated during awake memory reactivation events, but whether representations of both specific and general features of experience are simultaneously reinstated remains unknown. We examined hippocampal and prefrontal cortical firing patterns during memory reactivation in rats performing a well-learned foraging task with multiple spatial paths. We found that specific hippocampal place representations are preferentially reactivated with the subset of prefrontal cortical task representations that generalize across different paths. Our results suggest that hippocampal-cortical networks maintain links between stored representations for specific and general features of experience, which could support abstraction and task guidance in mammals.
Author Correction: Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of miRs Based on the Differential Effect of Competitive Structures in The p19 Function
Authors: Ghazizadeh E. , Oskuee R. K. , Jaafari M. R. , Hosseinkhani S.
Published: June 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
A toll-like receptor 9 antagonist restores below-level glial glutamate transporter expression in the dorsal horn following spinal cord injury
Authors: Pallottie Alexandra , Ratnayake Ayomi , Ni Li , Acioglu Cigdem , Li Lun , Mirabelli Ersilia , Heary Robert F. , Elkabes Stella
Published: June 2018

Spinal cord (SC) trauma elicits pathological changes at the primary lesion and in regions distant from the injury epicenter. Therapeutic agents that target mechanisms at the injury site are likely to exert additional effects in these remote regions. We previously reported that a toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) antagonist, oligodeoxynucleotide 2088 (ODN 2088), improves functional deficits and modulates the milieu at the epicenter in mice sustaining a mid-thoracic contusion. The present investigations use the same paradigm to assess ODN 2088-elicited alterations in the lumbar dorsal horn (LDH), a region remote from the injury site where SCI-induced molecular alterations have been well defined. We report that ODN 2088 counteracts the SCI-elicited decrease in glial glutamate aspartate transporter (GLAST) and glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) levels, whereas the levels of the neuronal glutamate transporter excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) and astroglial GABA transporter 3 (GAT3) were unaffected. The restoration of GLAST and GLT1 was neither paralleled by a global effect on astrocyte and microglia activation nor by changes in the expression of cytokines and growth factors reported to regulate these transporters. We conclude that the effects of intrathecal ODN 2088 treatment extend to loci beyond the epicenter by selectively targeting glial glutamate transporters.
Effect of Strong Opinions on the Dynamics of the Majority-Vote Model
Authors: Vilela André L. M. , Stanley H. Eugene
Published: June 2018

We study how the presence of individuals with strong opinions affects a square lattice majority-vote model with noise. In a square lattice network we perform Monte-Carlo simulations and replace regular actors σ with strong actors μ in a random distribution. We find that the value of the critical noise parameter q
c
is a decreasing function of the concentration r of strong actors in the social interaction network. We calculate the critical exponents β/ν, γ/ν, and 1/ν and find that the presence of strong actors does not change the Ising universality class of the isotropic majority-vote model.
Reelin and aromatase cooperate in ovarian follicle development
Authors: Meseke Maurice , Pröls Felicitas , Schmahl Camilla , Seebo Katja , Kruse Claas , Brandt Nicola , Fester Lars , Zhou Lepu , Bender Roland , Rune Gabriele M.
Published: June 2018

Reelin plays an important role in cerebral cortex development and synaptogenesis. In the hippocampus, the neurosteroid estrogen affects reelin expression. In this study we tested a potential crosstalk between estradiol and reelin, thus the possibility of a reelin-induced activation of the estradiol synthesizing enzyme aromatase. As a model system, we used ovaries, which express reelin and are a major source of estradiol. We found that in wild-type mice, reelin and aromatase are expressed in granulosa cells of growing follicles. The expression of reelin varies with the estrus cycle and is highest shortly before ovulation, when estradiol serum levels are at their maximum. In ovaries of reelin-deficient reeler mice, aromatase mRNA and protein are significantly reduced, as evidenced by real-time PCR, western blot analysis, and quantitative immunohistochemistry in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles. In line with reduced estradiol synthesis, ovarian estrus cycle length is prolonged in reeler mice. Most importantly, treating cultured granulosa cells with recombinant reelin results in significant upregulation of aromatase mRNA and protein and increased secretion of estradiol into the supernatant. Our data provide evidence of a local increase of aromatase expression by reelin. Regarding reproduction, this crosstalk may contribute to follicular stability and counteract luteinization in ovaries.
Blocking the 5′ splice site of exon 4 by a morpholino oligomer triggers APOL1 protein isoform switch
Authors: Cheatham Amber M. , Davis Shamara E. , Khatua Atanu K. , Popik Waldemar
Published: June 2018

APOL1 risk alleles G1 or G2 are associated with a kidney disease phenotype exclusively in people of recent African ancestry. Here we show that exon 4 encoding a part of the APOL1 signal peptide is constitutively spliced in major APOL1 transcripts expressed in kidney glomerular and tubular cells. We demonstrate that constitutive splicing of exon 4 results from a suboptimal hnRNP A1 binding motif found in exon 4. Accordingly, a robust binding of hnRNP A1 protein to a consensus hnRNP A1 cis-acting element in exon 4 results in almost complete exclusion of exon 4 from the APOL1 minigene transcripts. Blocking the 5′ splice site at the exon 4/intron boundary with a specific antisense morpholino oligonucleotide excludes exon 4 from the splicing pattern of endogenous APOL1 transcripts. These transcripts are fully functional and produce APOL1 protein isoform that is not normally detectable in podocytes. Together with our previous data showing no cytotoxicity of overexpressed APOL1 isoform lacking exon 4, we propose that morpholino-induced APOL1 isoform switch may provide a new tool to identify in vivo molecular mechanism(s) by which risk alleles promote or mediate the kidney disease phenotype.
Inkjet printing Ag nanoparticles for SERS hot spots
Authors: Miccichè Carmelo , Arrabito Giuseppe , Amato Francesco , Buscarino Gianpiero , Agnello Simonpietro , Pignataro Bruno
Published: June 2018

SERS detection of a few alizarin molecules is carried out on hot spots spontaneously generated within low Ohnesorge number picoliter-scale droplets.
Construction of functional nanonetwork-structured carbon nitride with Au nanoparticle yolks for highly efficient photocatalytic applications
Authors: Leng Kunyi , Mai Weicong , Zhang Xingcai , Liu Ruliang , Lin Xidong , Huang Junlong , Lou He , Xie Yiming , Fu Ruowen , Wu Dingcai
Published: June 2018

Functional nanonetwork-structured carbon nitride with Au nanoparticle yolks was successfully fabricated, and demonstrated excellent photocatalytic performances.
Applying the general effective media (GEM) approach for analyzing the thermal conductivity of ZrO2–8YSZ composites
Authors: Shekel Gal , Barad Chen , Hayun Hagay , Sadia Yatir , Gelbstein Yaniv
Published: June 2018

Zirconia (ZrO2) and yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) are known as advanced oxides, widely applied in gas-turbine engines, fuel cells and other applications, requiring controlled thermal conductivity values.
Average orientation of a fluoroaromatic molecule in lipid bilayers from DFT-informed NMR measurements of 1H–19F dipolar couplings
Authors: Hughes Eleri , Griffin John M. , Coogan Michael P. , Middleton David A.
Published: June 2018

An NMR approach is described for determining the orientational preference of bioactive fluoroaromatic molecules within lipid bilayers, by combining measurements of 19F chemical shift anisotropy with the detection of 1H–19F dipolar couplings.
First-principles theoretical assessment of catalysis by confinement: NO–O2 reactions within voids of molecular dimensions in siliceous crystalline frameworks
Authors: Maestri Matteo , Iglesia Enrique
Published: June 2018

This work provides theoretical underpinnings for the ability of voids of molecular dimensions to enhance chemical reactions by mere confinement.
Online oxygen monitoring using integrated inkjet-printed sensors in a liver-on-a-chip system
Authors: Moya A. , Ortega-Ribera M. , Guimerà X. , Sowade E. , Zea M. , Illa X. , Ramon E. , Villa R. , Gracia-Sancho J. , Gabriel G.
Published: June 2018

Integrated inkjet-printed sensors in a liver-on-a-chip allow online oxygen monitoring, showing differential hepatocyte respiratory behaviour and an oxygen gradient.
Structural and solution equilibrium studies on half-sandwich organorhodium complexes of (N,N) donor bidentate ligands
Authors: Mészáros János P. , Dömötör Orsolya , Hackl Carmen M. , Roller Alexander , Keppler Bernhard K. , Kandioller Wolfgang , Enyedy Éva A.
Published: June 2018

Characterization, solution stability, chloride affinity and crystal structures of [Rh(η5-C5Me5)(N^N)(H2O)]2+complexes and their correlation analysis.
Iterative map-making with two-level preconditioning for polarized cosmic microwave background data sets
Authors: Puglisi Giuseppe , Poletti Davide , Fabbian Giulio , Baccigalupi Carlo , Heltai Luca , Stompor Radek
Published: June 2018

Context. An estimation of the sky signal from streams of time ordered data (TOD) acquired by the cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments is one of the most important steps in the context of CMB data analysis referred to as the map-making problem. The continuously growing CMB data sets render the CMB map-making problem progressively more challenging in terms of computational cost and memory in particular in the context of ground-based experiments with their operational limitations as well as the presence of contaminants.

Aims. We study a recently proposed, novel class of the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) solvers which invoke two-level preconditioners in the context of the ground-based CMB experiments. We compare them against the PCG solvers commonly used in the map-making context considering their precision and time-to-solution.

Methods. We compare these new methods on realistic, simulated data sets reflecting the characteristics of current and forthcoming CMB ground-based experiments. We develop a divide-and-conquer implementation of the approach where each processor performs a sequential map-making for a subset of the TOD.

Results. We find that considering the map level residuals, the new class of solvers permits us to achieve a tolerance that is better than the standard approach by up to three orders of magnitude, where the residual level often saturates before convergence is reached. This often corresponds to an important improvement in the precision of the recovered power spectra in particular on the largest angular scales. The new method also typically requires fewer iterations to reach a required precision and therefore shorter run times are required for a single map-making solution. However, the construction of an appropriate two-level preconditioner can be as costly as a single standard map-making run. Nevertheless, if the same problem needs to be solved multiple times, for example, as in Monte Carlo simulations, this cost is incurred only once, and the method should be competitive, not only as far as its precision is concerned but also its performance.
Preliminary results on tartaric stabilization of red wine by adding different carboxymethylcelluloses
Authors: Pittari Elisabetta , Catarino Sofia , Andrade Mário C. , Ricardo-da-Silva Jorge M.
Published: June 2018

Despite being natural phenomena of physical-chemical stabilization of young wines, tartrate precipitations in bottled wines are often understood as a quality fault. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) is an inhibitor of tartaric salts crystallization, authorized as oenological additive, which application is currently limited to white and sparkling wines by OIV. The aim of this exploratory research was to study the effect of different CMC on a (tartaric) unstable red wine, in terms of tartrate stability, colouring matter stability, turbidity, comprehensive phenolic composition, and chromatic characteristics. All the CMC tested were able to inhibit potassium bitartrate crystallization in the red wine, promoting its tartaric stability. Slight increase in the colour intensity, coloured anthocyanins concentration, and turbidity of the wine were observed. No colouring matter precipitation was verified. The study seems to indicate that the CMC can be an efficient alternative to other tartaric stabilization treatments, also in red wines, opening new prospective and scenarios concerning the use of CMC in this type of wines.
Prediction of surface roughness and cutting force under MQL turning of AISI 4340 with nano fluid by using response surface methodology
Authors: Patole Pralhad B. , Kulkarni Vivek V.
Published: June 2018

This paper presents an investigation into the minimum quantity lubrication mode with nano fluid during turning of alloy steel AISI 4340 work piece material with the objective of experimental model in order to predict surface roughness and cutting force and analyze effect of process parameters on machinability. Full factorial design matrix was used for experimental plan. According to design of experiment surface roughness and cutting force were measured. The relationship between the response variables and the process parameters is determined through the response surface methodology, using a quadratic regression model. Results show how much surface roughness is mainly influenced by feed rate and cutting speed. The depth of cut exhibits maximum influence on cutting force components as compared to the feed rate and cutting speed. The values predicted from the model and experimental values are very close to each other.
Satisfaction with Facial Appearance and Quality of Life after Treatment of Face Scars with a Transparent Facial Pressure Mask
Authors: Colla C. , Van den Kerckhove E. , Van der Hulst R.R.W.J. , Piatkowski de Grzymala A. , Kant S.B.
Published: June 2018

Treatment of facial hypertrophic scars and deformities has developed from the use of elastic fabric hoods to transparent facemasks. The clinical effects of these masks have been described. However, the psychological impact of wearing such a mask is not well documented. The aim of this study was to assess patients' satisfaction with their current facial appearance, to assess the end result of facemask therapy, and to assess the decision to have undergone facemask therapy by means of four different FACE-Q questionnaires. Out of the eligible 87 patients who completed the facemask therapy between January 2012 and November 2017, 42 filled out the questionnaires. These patients wore a custom-fabricated facemask because of facial hypertrophic scars and severe postsurgical facial irregularities. Patients who wore the mask 12 to 16 hours per day were significantly more satisfied with the end result compared with those who wore it 4 to 8 hours daily. Also, patients who wore the mask 8 to 12 and 12 to 16 hours each day were more satisfied to have undergone therapy compared with those who wore it 4 to 8 hours daily. Furthermore, patients who finished therapy 3 to 4 years and 4 to 5 years ago reported a significant higher satisfaction with facial appearance compared with those who completed therapy in a time period shorter than 1 year ago. Patients who finished therapy 3 to 4 years ago reported higher satisfaction with their facial appearance compared with those who finished therapy 2 to 3 years ago. Additionally, the Patient and Observer Scar Assessments Score (POSAS) showed a significant reduction between start and end of therapy. This study shows facemask therapy to result in long-lasting stable results. It also shows a longer daily wearing of the facemask to result in the highest satisfaction according to patients.
Cleft Rhinoplasty: Strategies for the Multiply Operated Nose
Authors: Hsieh Tsung-yen , Dedhia Raj , Tollefson Travis
Published: June 2018

Rhinoplasty, as a surgical procedure to improve the appearance of the nose while preserving or improving function, is complicated and difficult to master. Revision cleft rhinoplasty offers another tier of challenge. The symmetry, proportions, and definition of the nose are affected by the native cleft deformity but also previous surgical scars, cartilage grafts, and skin excisions. Our preferred approach is to use structural cartilage grafting to establish septal and lower lateral cartilage resiliency. Internal lining deficiency is addressed with skin or lining transfer, while excess nasal tip thickness is contoured to improve definition. Of the utmost importance, the cleft nasal deformity cannot be considered in isolation, but rather a combined amalgamation of the lip muscle and scar, dentofacial occlusion, and skeletal maxillary deficiency.
The Art of Camouflage: When Can a Revision Rhinoplasty Be Nonsurgical?
Authors: Kontis Theda
Published: June 2018

Rhinoplasty surgery is known to have revision rates up to 20%. Surgical revisions include the risk of anesthesia and scarring. The skilled injector may offer nonsurgical alternatives to patients when considering revision surgery. Injections can be done to improve symmetry or improve/camouflage deformities that are possibly too minor for surgery but bothersome to the patient. Injections can be performed using different filler materials, but these treatments also carry inherent risks.
Spinal Intramedullary Abscess Secondary to Dermal Sinus in Children
Authors: Prasad G. , Hegde Ajay , Divya S.
Published: June 2018

Introduction Congenital dermal sinuses (CDS) are uncommon lesions. They are most often noted in lumbosacral region and may lead to meningitis or spinal abscess. Intramedullary spinal cord abscess (IMSCA) due to CDS is rare and often co-exists with an inclusion tumor such as dermoid/epidermoid cyst.

Materials and Methods Literature review was done to analyze all cases of pediatric IMSCA secondary to CDS by searching online databases starting from the oldest case reported.

Results Only 50 cases have been reported and were analyzed. Mean age was 22.6 months (range 1 month–15 years). Fever, acute flaccid lower limb weakness, and urinary disturbances were the most common presenting features. Dermal sinus was commonest in lumbosacral region. Inclusion cysts were observed in 50% of cases. Staphylococcus aureus was the most the common organism. Mean follow-up duration was 18.2 months (range 1 week–156 months). Majority of the cases underwent multilevel laminectomy with myelotomy and drainage of abscess. Outcome was good-to-excellent in around 60% cases with four deaths. Presence of fever and limb weakness was significantly associated with poor outcomes.

Conclusion Intramedullary abscess secondary to CDS is very rare. Complete sinus tract excision, myelotomy and drainage of abscess, and decompression of co-existent inclusion cysts with prolonged antibiotic therapy remain the standard treatment. Approximately 60% cases achieve good outcomes. Fever and limb weakness portend poorer outcomes than those without.
Changing Guidelines for CPR
Authors: Sharma Ashima , Nizami Mohammed
Published: June 2018

The guidelines for cardio-pulmonary resuscitation are updated every five years. Basic life support is the foundation for saving lives after cardiac arrest. BLS encompasses three major aspects: airway control, artificial respiration and cardiac massage.

The 5 links in the adult Chain of Survival are

A strong Chain of Survival can improve chances of survival and recovery for victims of heart attack, stroke and other emergencies. In this article, we reviewed the recent advances in the updated CPR guidelines.
A Case of Situs Ambiguous and Complex Cardiac Defect Presenting as Fetal Hydrops
Authors: Aggarwal Shagun
Published: June 2018

Situs ambiguous comprises of 3% of congenital heart defects and is present in at least 1 in 10,000 live births. Most cases diagnosed prenatally are associated with complex cardiac defects which can be detected by ultrasonography. This is a case report of a fetus presenting with hydrops, which was detected to have situs ambiguous, a complex cardiac defect and multiple laterality defects on autopsy.
WCC 2017-C-109: Congenital Quadricuspid Aortic Valve Associated with Severe Aortic Regurgitation: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Bhandary Pavaneel , Satyagopal Palanki , Kumar Muppiri , Kumar Ravinuthala
Published: June 2018

Quadricuspid aortic valve is a very rare congenital valvular anomaly. Most of these cases present with aortic insufficiency. We present a 38 year old male patient with aquadricuspid aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation.
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Lung Cancer and Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Ruiz-Artacho Pedro , Trujillo-Santos Javier , López-Jiménez Luciano , Font Carme , Díaz-Pedroche María , Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero Juan , Peris Maria , Skride Andris , Maestre Ana , Monreal Manuel ,   the RIETE Investigators
Published: June 2018

Background The natural history of patients with lung cancer and venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been consistently evaluated.

Methods We used the RIETE (Registro Informatizado Enfermedad TromboEmbólica) database to assess the clinical characteristics, time course, and outcomes during anticoagulation of lung cancer patients with acute, symptomatic VTE.

Results As of May 2017, a total of 1,725 patients were recruited: 1,208 (70%) presented with pulmonary embolism (PE) and 517 with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Overall, 865 patients (50%) were diagnosed with cancer <3 months before, 1,270 (74%) had metastases, and 1,250 (72%) had no additional risk factors for VTE. During anticoagulation (median, 93 days), 166 patients had symptomatic VTE recurrences (recurrent DVT: 86, PE: 80), 63 had major bleeding (intracranial 11), and 870 died. The recurrence rate was twofold higher than the major bleeding rate during the first month, and over threefold higher beyond the first month. Fifty-seven patients died of PE and 15 died of bleeding. Most fatal PEs (84%) and most fatal bleeds (67%) occurred within the first month of therapy. Nine patients with fatal PE (16%) died within the first 24 hours. Of 72 patients dying of PE or bleeding, 15 (21%) had no metastases and 29 (40%) had the VTE shortly after surgery or immobility.

Conclusion Active surveillance on early signs and/or symptoms of VTE in patients with recently diagnosed lung cancer and prescription of prophylaxis in those undergoing surgery or during periods of immobilization might likely help prevent VTE better, detect it earlier, and treat it more efficiently.
Hautvaskulitiden und systemische Vaskulitiden mit Hautbeteiligung
Authors: Schauer F. , Venhoff N.
Published: June 2018

Vaskulitiden sind entzündliche Erkrankungen der Gefäßwände. Eines der am häufigsten betroffenen Organe ist die Haut. Somit spielt die Haut bei der Differenzialdiagnostik der Vaskulitis eine zentrale Rolle. Der klinische Hautbefund sollte richtungsweisend sein und im Kontext möglicher weiterer Organmanifestationen, der Resultate von Labor- und Bildgebungsdiagnostik sowie immunhistologischer Befunde zur abschließenden Diagnose führen. Die 2012 revidierte International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides (CHCC 2012) differenziert Vaskulitiden in Klein-, Mittel-, und Großgefäßvaskulitiden. Am häufigsten manifestieren sich an der Haut die Kleingefäßvaskulitiden, welche sich wiederum in Immunkomplex-Vaskulitiden und ANCA-assoziierte Vaskulitiden unterteilen. Da bei den Kleingefäßvaskulitiden die Beteiligung innerer Organe häufig und vielgestaltig ist, sollte immer eine gründliche diagnostische Aufarbeitung erfolgen. Die Polyarteriitis nodosa (PAN) betrifft mittelgroße Arterien und kann isoliert an der Haut als sogenannte kutane PAN auftreten. Großgefäßvaskulitiden wie die Riesenzell-arteriitis gehen eher selten mit kutanen Manifestationen einher.
Lyme-Arthritis
Authors: Dressler F.
Published: June 2018

In einer Übersicht werden die klinischen Manifestationen, die Möglichkeiten der klinischen und laborgestützten Diagnose sowie die Therapie der Lyme-Arthritis dargestellt. Kurz werden auch der Erreger und die Übertragung durch Zecken sowie die Prognose der Erkrankung erörtert.
Diffusion of gas mixtures in the sI hydrate structure
Authors: Waage Magnus H. , Trinh Thuat T. , van Erp Titus S.
Published: June 2018

Replacing methane with carbon dioxide in gas hydrates has been suggested as a way of harvesting methane, while at the same time storing carbon dioxide. Experimental evidence suggests that this process is facilitated if gas mixtures are used instead of pure carbon dioxide. We studied the free energy barriers for diffusion of methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and hydrogen in the sI hydrate structure using molecular simulation techniques. Cage hops between neighboring cages were considered with and without a water vacancy and with a potential inclusion of an additional gas molecule in either the initial or final cage. Our results give little evidence for enhanced methane and carbon dioxide diffusion if nitrogen is present as well. However, the inclusion of hydrogen seems to have a substantial effect as it diffuses rapidly and can easily enter occupied cages, which reduces the barriers of diffusion for the gas molecules that co-occupy a cage with hydrogen.
First-principles phonon thermal transport in graphene: Effects of exchange-correlation and type of pseudopotential
Authors: Taheri Armin , Da Silva Carlos , Amon Cristina H.
Published: June 2018

First-principles calculations of the thermal conductivity of two-dimensional materials have recently attracted a great deal of attention. The choice of the exchange-correlation (XC) and pseudopotential (PP) is a crucial step towards an accurate first-principles calculation using density functional theory (DFT). This work investigates the sensitivity of the intrinsic thermal conductivity and phonon properties of graphene to the choice of XC and PP in the temperature range of 300–550 K, using first-principles DFT simulations and an iterative solution of the Boltzmann transport equation. We consider six XC-PP combinations (LDA-NC, LDA-US, PBEsol-US, LDA-PAW, PBE-PAW, and PBEsol-PAW). Our results showed that the choice of XC-PP combination results in significant discrepancies, in the range of 5442–8677 W m−1 K−1, among predicted thermal conductivities at room temperature. The LDA-NC and PBE-PAW combinations predicted the thermal conductivities in best agreement with available experimental data. The phonon properties revealed that these discrepancies are mainly due to variations in the prediction of phonon lifetimes and Grüneisen parameters from different XC-PP combinations.
Strain relaxation and epitaxial relationship of perylene overlayer on Ag(110)
Authors: Kalashnyk Nataliya , Amiaud Lionel , Dablemont Céline , Lafosse Anne , Bobrov Kirill , Guillemot Laurent
Published: June 2018

We present a room temperature STM study of perylene self-assembly on Ag(110) beyond the monolayer coverage regime. Coupling of the perylene aromatic boards yields π—π bonded stacks. The perylene stacks self-assemble into a continuous three-dimensional epitaxial overlayer of (3 × 5) symmetry. The self-assembly is driven by thermodynamic balance established under coupling of the intra- and intermolecular interactions and the molecule-substrate interaction all accommodating the short-range thermal motion of the constituent molecules. The balance bestows to the overlayer the unique ability to accommodate the underlying substrate morphology and to spread over the surface steps as a single structure preserving its lateral order and keeping epitaxial relationship with every surface terrace. The complete epitaxy is driven by (i) anchoring of half of the perylene stacks into specific adsorption sites on each terrace, (ii) interlacing of the perylene stacks across the steps within the entire H-bonded network, and (iii) relaxation of the overlayer strain via enhancement of the overlayer-specific vibrational modes and short-range thermal motion of the constituent molecules. This complete epitaxy phenomenon is described via (i) structural and statistical analysis of the molecularly resolved STM topographies, (ii) monitoring of the short-range molecular displacements under the strain relaxation, (iii) highlighting of specific intra-molecular and inter-molecular vibration modes through detailed analysis of HREELS spectra, and (iv) parametrization of the intermolecular interaction via pair potential calculation.