bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIFERENTES CONFIGURAÇÕES FAMILIARES NA ESCOLA: Uma reflexão para o seu acolhimento.
Authors: Machado Daniele De Almeida , Vestena Rosemar De Fátima
Published: August 2017

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou analisar como a escola vem se comunicando e acolhendo as diferentes configurações familiares dos estudantes da educação básica, via comunicados e convites impressos para eventos escolares. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa, de cunho bibliográfico e documental. Após revisão bibliográfica sobre os tipos de representações familiares manifestas na atualidade e presentes no cotidiano escolar, buscaram-se exemplos de comunicados impressos enviados pelas escolas, encontrados nos cadernos, agendas e materiais dos estudantes de escolas públicas e privadas. A coleta de dados foi realizada no segundo semestre de 2015 e foram analisadas pela técnica de análise de conteúdo de bardin (2004). Constataram-se nos textos dos comunicados quatro formas das escolas se dirigirem às famílias: i) as direcionadas apenas aos pais; ii) as direcionadas aos pais ou responsáveis; iii) as direcionadas apenas à mãe ou ao pai e iiii) as direcionadas às famílias. As diferentes formas de abordagem para com a família têm demonstrado certo desconhecimento, insegurança ou preconceito das escolas, ao se direcionarem por escrito às famílias. Prevalecem as relações familiares dentro de uma concepção de família tradicional. Em vista disso, as demais configurações familiares nem sempre estão sendo consideradas.
DIVERSIDADE SEXUAL E HOMOFOBIA NA ESCOLA: Posicionamentos de professoras e professores do ensino básico
Authors: Santos Luciano Pereira dos
Published: August 2017

No campo da educação a discussão sobre as sexualidades, desde as primeiras décadas do século passado, é marcada por avanços e retrocessos nas políticas educacionais. No entanto, as inquietações advindas da pressão social sobre as questões das sexualidades não fogem ao cotidiano escolar, tanto é que recentemente figurou neste cenário o debate sobre a inclusão ou exclusão dos termos diversidade sexual e identidade de gênero no Plano Nacional de Educação e nos Planos Estaduais e Municipais de Educação (CNTE, 2015). Este texto é oriundo de uma pesquisa realizada com 208 docentes do ensino básico da rede pública na cidade de Pelotas/RS e objetiva a reflexão sobre a diversidade sexual na escola, a homofobia declarada ou velada, porém presente nesse ambiente. A repressão das manifestações de homoafetividade, as atitudes ou inoperância, as falas, silenciamentos e/ou indiferenças quanto às questões referentes à diversidade sexual, remete-nos a questionar o papel da/do docente e de sua intensa participação no processo de constituição dos sujeitos/educandos e, por conseguinte, no processo de construção das identidades sociais e transformações na sociedade. As conclusões apontam para a necessidade de inclusão dessas temáticas nas grades curriculares das universidades nos cursos de formação de professores e nos programas de formação continuada docente para a garantia de práticas educativas a favor da igualdade de direitos e da não discriminação por orientação sexual e/ou identidade de gênero na escola.
ATITUDES FACE À HOMOSSEXUALIDADE: Uma proposta de avaliação para a intervenção socioeducativa
Authors: Carvalho Cristiana Pereira , Pinheiro Maria do Rosário Moura , Martins Daniela Lopes , Simões Ana Filipa , Maceiras Maria De Jesus
Published: August 2017

O preconceito e a discriminação baseada na orientação homossexual ainda persistem nos ambientes sociais, escolares e acadêmicos, pelo que a educação e a formação nessas áreas se justifica. Para intervir é então necessário identificar as atitudes em relação à homossexualidade, o que por sua vez exige que haja instrumentos de avaliação confiáveis. Nesse sentido, os estudos apresentados tiveram como finalidade construir e validar a versão portuguesa da Escala de Atitudes face à Homossexualidade – Versão para estudantes do ensino superior. Participaram 108 estudantes, de ambos os gêneros, da Licenciatura em Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra. Os resultados da análise da dimensionalidade da escala revelaram uma estrutura tridimensional, composta por três fatores: Atitudes não discriminatórias face à homossexualidade (F1), Atitudes de defesa dos direitos dos homossexuais (F2) e Atitudes de rejeição à proximidade de pessoas homossexuais (F3). A partir de testes estatísticos foi possível identificar diferenças nas atitudes face à homossexualidade em função do gênero, da religião, do contato e da proximidade com amigos/as gays ou lésbicas. Verificou-se, ainda, que as atitudes positivas face à homossexualidade aumentam à medida que aumentam os conhecimentos e crenças funcionais sobre a homossexualidade. Os resultados sugerem que esta escala pode ser útil no diagnóstico de atitudes homofóbicas e na avaliação de intervenções de prevenção da homofobia e de promoção da igualdade, respeito, aceitação e valorização da diversidade no que diz respeito à orientação sexual. São apresentadas e discutidas implicações e sugestões para futuros estudos e intervenções socioeducativas.
Apresentação da metodologia científica a estudantes do ensino técnico através da experimentação em química
Authors: Gomes Maria Aparecida Biason , Mello Regina Maria Queiroz de , Micaroni Liliana , Guimarâes José Luis
Published: August 2017

Uma das atividades dos cursos de nível técnico em química é a realização de um estágio onde o estudante se insere em alguma rotina industrial ou realiza atividades de laboratório numa instituição de ensino. No intuito de oferecer outra forma de estágio aos estudantes e ao mesmo tempo proporcionar o aprendizado relacionado à introdução da atividade de pesquisa científica, o objetivo deste trabalho foi oportunizar aos estudantes do ensino técnico o desenvolvimento de uma atividade experimental de seu interesse na área de química baseada na metodologia científica. O público-alvo deste trabalho foram estudantes de duas Instituições da rede pública de Ensino de Curitiba, CEEP e SEPT. Cada estudante desenvolveu um plano de trabalho individual e foi acompanhado, em suas atividades, por um bolsista da Universidade Federal do Paraná. As atividades desenvolvidas para cada estudante consistiram nas seguintes etapas: i) realização de pesquisa bibliográfica; ii) escolha e execução de um experimento; iii) preparação de um relatório escrito e iv) apresentação de um seminário ao final das atividades. Aplicamos um questionário de avaliação e constatamos que o projeto foi muito bem avaliado pelos estudantes, transformando a visão de execução de um trabalho laboratorial e despertando o interesse pela pesquisa científica. Por outro lado os bolsistas também se sentiram imensamente recompensados pelas experiências adquiridas tanto na área científica quanto na área de ensino.
PROJETO DE EXTENSÃO “HIPERVIDA: CUIDANDO DO SEU CORAÇÃO”: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA INTERDISCIPLINAR
Authors: Barros de Lorena Suélem , Sabino de Oliveira Barbara Yonara , Sobral Neto João Pedro Sobral
Published: August 2017

As doenças cardiovasculares possuem alta prevalência e tendência ao crescimento diante do envelhecimento populacional e persistência de hábitos inadequados. O “Hipervida: cuidando do seu coração” trata-se de um projeto de extensão interdisciplinar que surgiu no semestre letivo 2014.2, com a finalidade de desenvolver levantamentos epidemiológicos e trabalhos educativos relacionados aos cuidados cardiovasculares com funcionários da Associação Caruaruense de Ensino Superior e Técnico (Faculdade ASCES), situada em Caruaru - PE. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar a experiência do referido projeto durante o período de setembro de 2014 a junho de 2015. Após avaliação de 87 funcionários do setor administrativo, identificou-se que foi baixa a prevalência de hipertensão (16%), diabetes (2%) e/ou cardiopatia (1%), porém, se encontrou fatores de risco como obesidade (50%), antecedentes familiares (71%), sedentarismo (86%), estresse (54%) e etilismo (41%). Com relação ao perfil assistencial, 54% consultam-se anualmente com o médico, enquanto que 72,4% relataram ir ao dentista regularmente. Por meio destes achados, estratégias preventivas e de promoção à saúde, voltadas para o autocuidado, foram construídas, a partir de rodas de conversa, por alunos de biomedicina, educação física, enfermagem, farmácia, fisioterapia e odontologia, e aplicadas de acordo com as necessidades individuais que foram identificadas. As ações extensionistas do projeto permitiram rastrear fatores de risco cardiovascular presentes no público-alvo, contribuíram para formação de agentes multiplicadores de conhecimento e proporcionaram o desenvolvimento de competências para o trabalho educativo e multiprofissional.
Biting off More Than They Can Chew? The Impact of Pedagogical Application of Corpus on Vocabulary Ability of Intermediate-Level ESL Learners in Mainland China: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Shi Jing
Published: August 2017

The pedagogical values of corpora for ELT have been widely acknowledged and exploited, but their direct application in classroom teaching has entailed many difficulties. This project aims to investigate the impact of the pedagogical application of corpora on the vocabulary ability of intermediate-level ESL learners in mainland China. This quasi-experimental research study was conducted primarily using pretests and posttests of vocabulary knowledge with one experimental group and one control group of 15 respondents in each group, respectively. Findings indicate that the pedagogical application of a corpus with adequate instruction is more effective and efficient in improving learners’ vocabulary. It is hoped that this research can contribute significantly to the education of ESL learners within the Chinese context by promoting more informed, curious, and critical engagement through English lexical learning.
Mineralogical and Geochemical Appraisal of Clay Deposits in Papalanto and Its Environs, Southwestern, Nigeria
Authors: Adeola Adewole John , Olaleye Modupe Adefunmi
Published: August 2017

Three residual clay occurrences in Papalanto, Ifo, and Imoto areas which belong to the sedimentary basin of southwestern Nigeria were investigated to determine their industrial applications.The samples were pulverized, sieved, digested with mineral acids and characterized. Clay mineralogy was determined using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Elemental compositions of the clay samples were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Grain size distribution data were obtained by conducting grain size analysis in two parts; sieve analysis and sedimentation. Thermal properties, plasticity tests, density measurement, linear shrinkage and water absorption capacity were determined to evaluate their industrial potentials. Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) was calculated to determine the degree of weathering in the area.The X-ray diffraction results showed that kaolinite is the dominant mineral, while quartz, anatase and hematite are the major non clay minerals. Chemical data showed that the average values of SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3were 59.46%, 22.16%, and 3.06% respectively constituting 98.3% of the bulk compositions. Papalanto possessed high plasticity and mouldability.Evaluation of the clay thermal characteristics, firing colour, water absorption capacities and shrinkage values showed that the whitish Ifo clay and Papalanto kaolinitic clays could serve as raw materials for ceramics, building bricks, and other structural wares. Kaolin which is the dominant mineral in all the clays can be used for cosmetics, tooth paste, pharmaceutical purposes
Investigating of Mechanical Behavior of AA5083 in the Pressing Process Using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Beglarzadeh Babak , Davoodi Behnam
Published: August 2017

The process of cold forming is considered of the most different industries and the use of such process in the manufacture of components and small parts has expanded. Therefore, analyzing the behavior of metals in this process to identify and control durability that is the main factor of limiting process has particular importance in industrial forming processes. In this study, cold forming process of aluminum metal has been studied and its effect on its mechanical properties has been evaluated. For this purpose, first modeling piece of aluminum alloy 5083 for cold forming process is carried out and using finite element analysis, mechanical properties of considered piece during cold forming processes are investigated. The results show that by reducing friction, stress and strain during the process will reduce, thereby durability of the piece increases, or in other words, ductile fracture occurs in longer life and higher stresses. The results show that by proper forming operations, it can be improved the strength and durability of aluminum alloy. Finally, validation of results, by comparing simulation results with experimental results is carried out.
Modele finansowego benchmarkingu konkurencyjnego w polskich przedsiębiorstwach
Authors: Ciechan-Kujawa Marlena , Goldmann Katarzyna
Published: August 2017

modele finansowe
Modele współpracy biegłego rewidenta z audytorami wewnętrznymi w polskich jednostkach
Authors: Szczepankiewicz Sylwia Izabela
Published: August 2017

rewident
A demographic history of a population of howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) living in a fragmented landscape in Mexico
Authors: Cristóbal Azkarate Jurgi , Dunn Jacob C. , Domingo Balcells Cristina , Veà Baró Joaquim
Published: August 2017

Long-term field studies are critical for our understanding of animal life history and the processes driving changes in demography. Here, we present long-term demographic data for the northernmost population of mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) residing in a highly anthropogenically fragmented landscape in Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. We carried out 454 monthly group visits to 10 groups of mantled howler monkeys between 2000 and 2011. The population remained relatively stable over the 11-year study period, with an overall increase in the total number of individuals. Birth rates and inter-birth intervals were comparable to those of howler monkeys at non-fragmented sites, suggesting that living in a fragmented landscape did not affect the reproductive output of our study population. Moreover, despite the landscape, dispersal events were commonplace, including many secondary dispersals (individuals emigrating from groups that they had previously immigrated into). Finally, we found a marked effect of seasonality on the dynamics of our study population. In particular, the period of lowest temperatures and resource scarcity between November and March was associated with higher mortality and reproductive inhibition, while the period of resource abundance between April and May was associated with the majority of conceptions and weaning of offspring. This, in turn, could be influencing dispersal patterns in our study area, as male howler monkeys seem to time some of their immigrations into new groups to coincide with the start of the period of higher fertility, while females preferentially joined new groups several months before the onset of this period. These data have important implications for the conservation and management of howler monkeys in fragmented landscapes, as well as for our understanding of the effect of seasonality over howler monkey dispersal, reproduction and survival.
Structural dynamics in the host-parasitoid system of the pine needle gall midge (Thecodiplosis japonensis) during invasion
Authors: Choi Won Il , Jeon Mun-Jang , Park Young-Seuk
Published: August 2017

The structural dynamics of host–parasitoid populations play a key role in the mechanism of natural community development with invasive species. Species invading new habitats experience coevolution with their newly acquired natural enemies, and their population dynamics are driven by a complex interaction between biological and environmental factors. We examined the biological and environmental factors which potentially influence a community of parasitoids throughout the 25-year invasion history of the pine needle gall midge (PNGM),Thecodiplosis japonensis, an important pest of pines in eastern Asia. We found that differences in establishment sequence and competitive ability among the parasitoids attacking this species determined the parasitoid community’s structure and dynamics. In particular, the timing for the initial establishment of the host–parasitoid association, incomplete superiority in competition among parasitoids, and indirect competition by a combination of the parasitoids were important factors for determining community’s structure and dynamics. Finally, the history of change in the community composition could be explained by the phenology differences in its member species, mediated by environmental factors.
Effects of linear and daily undulating periodized resistance training programs on measures of muscle hypertrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grgic Jozo , Mikulic Pavle , Podnar Hrvoje , Pedisic Zeljko
Published: August 2017

Background

Periodization is an important component of resistance training programs. It is meant to improve adherence to the training regimen, allow for constant progression, help in avoiding plateaus, and reduce occurrence and severity of injuries. Previous findings regarding the effects of different periodization models on measures of muscle hypertrophy are equivocal. To provide a more in-depth look at the topic, we undertook a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of intervention trials comparing the effects of linear periodization (LP) and daily undulating periodization (DUP) resistance training programs on muscle hypertrophy.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) and Open Access Theses and Dissertations (OATD).

Results

The pooled standardized mean difference (Cohen’s d) from 13 eligible studies for the difference between the periodization models on muscle hypertrophy was −0.02 (95% confidence interval [−0.25, 0.21],p = 0.848).

Conclusions

The meta-analysis comparing LP and DUP indicated that the effects of the two periodization models on muscle hypertrophy are likely to be similar. However, more research is needed in this area, particularly among trained individuals and clinical populations. Future studies may benefit from using instruments that are more sensitive for detecting changes in muscle mass, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging.
A Miocene breeding ground of an extinct baleen whale (Cetacea: Mysticeti)
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Hsiu
Published: August 2017

Locating breeding sites is definitely a key to understanding the ecological requirements and maintaining the sustainability of populations/species. Here I re-examined published specimens of an extinct baleen whale,Parietobalaena yamaokai, from the lower part of Itahashi Formation (16.1–15.6 Ma, Middle Miocene) in Shobara, Hiroshima, Japan. A critical and previously unnoticed feature, the open suture between the supraoccipital and exoccipital, in one specimen indicates the preservation of a very young individual–under six months old and even close to a new-born calf. Given the occurrence of a new-born whale and relatively abundant assemblage ofParietobalaena yamaokai, I propose a previously hidden and unknown breeding ground for the extinct baleen whale,P. yamaokai, in the Middle Miocene of Shobara (16.1–15.6 Ma), Hiroshima. Discovery of paleo-breeding sites of extinct populations/species should further help us to understand biological extinctions from a long-term perspective as conservation paleobiology aims to offer new insights into policy making for conserving endangered populations/species.
Assessment of the fishing unit of effort in a coastal artisanal fishery in Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico
Authors: González-Becerril A , Espino-Barr E , Cruz-Romero M , Ruiz-Luna A
Published: August 2017

From February 1992 to April 1993 a daily sampling was carried out in the port of Manzanillo, Colima (Mexico), in order to obtain information on boats, fishing gear and fishing effort. The coastal fishing system presents a high diversification; therefore, a strategy was elaborated to determine which is the best measure of effort that could be used in the coastal fishery management. A time-series analysis was carried out to establish the appropriate temporary level and the monthly grouping was the most appropriate. Models of simple and multiple regression were adjusted, as well as analyses of residuals for three measures of fishing effort: fishing time, number of fishermen and number of trips. Of these three measures, the number of trips and the hours of fishing are the ones that best represent the fishing effort. The use of variables in a model of multiple linear regression is a better indicator; however, the increase of the explained variance is not significant and this model increases the complexity of the design and handling of the information. Although the information analyzed was obtained during an El Niño, it is considered that this phenomenon did not affect the results, because the use of total catch disguises specific effects. The use of the fishing trip is recommended as the best measure of the effort, in terms of its statistical validity and the simplicity for obtaining it. This approach is a basic requirement for the structuring of a system to study a fishery.
Pigment variations induced by the oxygen level of the medium in a marine bacterium alteromonas sp. (strain cect 4800)
Authors: González-Valle MA , Montero O , Moreno-Garrido I , Lubian LM
Published: August 2017

A red-pigmented bacterial strain was isolated from indoor cultures of the marine microalga Tetraselmis suecica Butcher (Prasynophyceae) and identified as belonging to the genus Alteromonas (strain CECT 4800). Pigment composition was analyzed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and spectral characteristics of three major pigments with reddish and yellowish colorations were determined. Changes in pigment composition during growth in liquid medium containing either ferric citrate, sodium citrate, glucose or glucose plus iron, as well as in relation to the oxygen concentration in the liquid medium were investigated. Pigment production was found to be enhanced with culture aging, the highest enhancement occurring in iron-deprived cultures. An increase in the major pigment (a red pigment) content of 70% in relation to the initial one took place when a culture fed with ferric citrate was bubbled with molecular oxygen. In contrast, red pigment content decreased to about 50% of the initial content when the culture was sparged with nitrogen. Other pigments did not exhibit substantial modifications. Increase in the red pigment content was also observed after the different cultures were exposed to diverse oxygen concentrations for one hour. Similar results were obtained in cultures submitted to both strong aeration and agitation (5 mL min–1 air and 500 rpm, respectively). Findings of this study suggest that pigment production by Alteromonas sp. (strain CECT 4800), in particular that of the red pigment, could rely on the oxygen concentration in the culture medium due to antioxidative reactions.
Alkalinity determination by potentiometry: intercalibration using three different methods
Authors: Mintrop L , Pérez FF , González-Dávila M , Santana-Casiano JM , Körtzinger A
Published: August 2017

Seawater was sampled from different depths in the North Atlantic Ocean (Canary Islands region) and distributed among three different labs for the determination of titration alkalinity. Analysis was performed by potentiometric methods, involving titration in a closed cell, titration in an open cell and a two end-point acid addition method. The precision, which is the sample reproducibility taken from the mean standard deviation for replicate measurements, was between 0.45 and 0.90 µmol · kg–1 for the individual labs. Accuracy, here taken as the deviation for the values of a lab from the mean of all three, was mostly below 1 µmol · kg–1 and never exceeded 0.1% of the sample value. Mean standard deviation for all labs and all samples was 0.87 µmol · kg–1, once the individual methods were calibrated using certified reference material (CRM). Without CRM calibration, the mean standard deviation would increase to 2.8 µmol · kg–1. The conclusion is that current high precision methods for alkalinity measurements calibrated with CRMs are able to reach similar accuracy as the measurement of total dissolved inorganic carbon by coulometry and therefore allow for the precise determination of the oceanic carbon dioxide system by using the two measured parameters.
Seasonal variability of the temperature and salinity fields in the coastal zone of the states of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico
Authors: Filonov AE , Tereshchenko IE , Monzón CO , González-Ruelas ME , Godínez-Domínguez E
Published: August 2017

The results of the analysis of data obtained from a series of oceanographic surveys conducted in an ecological monitoring polygon on the continental shelf off Jalisco and Colima (Mexico) are presented. The surveys were conducted monthly between 1995 and 1997 with an undulating CTD. In one day, up to 100 soundings were made at stations with a maximum depth of 150 m, in a spatial grid of points with an area of 50 · 15 km. The vertical profiles of temperature and salinity were obtained by averaging the data from the oceanographic surveys. It is shown that the vertical distributions and hydrophysical characteristics analyzed present a significant seasonal variability related to the annual variations of solar energy input and variability of evaporation, precipitation and coastal discharges in the study area. The seasonal oscillations cover a water layer greater than 100 m, but the subsurface layers of the coastal waters are observed with greater intensity. The mean profiles present a high statistical reliability, since the deformations caused by the internal waves were completely suppressed.
Biochemical and bacteriological properties of the lysozyme of the clam Tivela stultorum
Authors: Montenegro-Ortega RE , Viana MT
Published: August 2017

A lysozyme-like enzyme from the crystalline style of the clam Tivela stultorum was purified by chromatography of cationic exchange in carboxymethyl cellulose. The product had a specific activity of 25,407 units per milligram of protein, which represents a purification of 100 times. The specific activity observed with this enzyme was almost six times greater than the activity observed in the hen egg-white lysozyme under the same conditions. Using the isoelectric focusing technique, a component was observed that indicates an isoelectric point of 7.7 (IEF-PAGE, Phast Gel). A one-dimensional electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed an apparent molecular weight of 17,000 daltons. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 5.6–5.8, in 0.1 M phosphate-citrate buffer, with maximum activity at a temperature of 40ºC, and an ionic strength of 0.1043. At 4ºC, the lysozyme presented 26.7% of remnant activity, and was highly stable at elevated temperatures (90ºC) and extreme pHs, from 2.8 to 11.8, with activities above 75%. This enzyme proved to have antimicrobial properties with or without EDTA in the lysis of three bacteria (Streptococcus alfa, Micrococcus lisodeikticus and Escherichia coli), whereas hen egg lysozyme showed lysis in the presence of EDTA on S. alfa and E. coli. The results were also compared against the lysozyme of the scallop Chlamys islandica.
Bacteria and hatching percentage of cysts of Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906, from four natural populations in Mexico
Authors: López-Torres MA , Lizárraga-Partida ML , Correa F , Castro T
Published: August 2017

In this study, cysts of four Mexican populations of Artemia franciscana were analyzed to determine the quality of hatching, and the levels in the nauplii of viable heterotrophic bacteria (VHB) and of bacteria capable of growing in the thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-saccharose agar (TCBS) medium (TCBSB) were quantified. The hatching percentages fluctuated from 72.8% (Texcoco) to null (Yavaros). The abundance values of the VHB were similar in all the cyst samples, from 107 to 108 CFU mL–1. The TCBSB showed low variability, with values of 106 to 107 CFU mL–1. The largest population in the TCBS medium was represented by gram-positive bacteria, with values of 97.9% out of 96 isolations. Bacteria of the genus Vibrio were not found in the Artemia strains analyzed.
Biogeography of the ahermatypic corals (Scleractinia) of the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Reyes-Bonilla H , Cruz-Piñón G
Published: August 2017

Stony corals have distinct ecological characteristics that are reflected in their ability to build reefs (hermatypic) or not (ahermatypic). The objective of this work was to systematize and analyze the literature and museum records of ahermatypic species of the west coast of Mexico, in order to determine their main patterns of geographical distribution. A total of 37 species were found, consisting of 25 genera and 8 families, a richness on the west coast of America comparable only to that found on the Galapagos Islands and adjacent zones. Most ahermatypic corals have a wide distribution and the Mexican fauna is dominated by eastern Pacific (67%), cosmopolitan (14%) and Indo-Pacific (8%) species. These percentages are noticeably different from the ones recorded for hermatypic corals (almost all of Indo- Pacific origin), and may indicate that the processes of extinction and recolonization undergone by the reef corals after the Pleistocene did not influence the coral species of deeper waters as much. Ordination analyses revealed that the study area is divided into three parts: the west coast of the Baja California peninsula (23º to 32ºN), the Gulf of California (23º to 31ºN) and the tropical Mexican Pacific (14º to 22ºN), a similar arrangement to that shown by other typical shallow-water groups. A positive correlation between species richness and mean sea surface temperature was found, as well as negative correlations among species richness, latitude and the annual surface temperature range, which explains why there was a higher species richness in the southern Mexican Pacific than in the rest of the zones analyzed.
Water temperatures in the Gulf of California in May and June 1996 and their relation to the capture of giant squid (Dosidicus gigas D’Orbigny, 1835)
Authors: Brito-Castillo L , Alcántara-Razo E , Morales-Azpeitia R , Salinas-Zavala CA
Published: August 2017

The relation between water temperature and the capture of giant squid in the Gulf of California was analyzed. Data were collected in May and June 1996 at 60 stations. Each fishing session lasted 30 minutes, and an average of 100 organisms per 0.5º · 0.5º square were caught. The hypothesis was that if water temperature is a factor affecting squid movement, we can infer that the catch of squid is successful in an optimum temperature range. With both exploratory and correlation analyses, the conclusion was that the hypothesis was true.
Evaluation of the green abalone haliotis fulgens fishery in bahía asunción, baja california sur, mexico
Authors: Ponce-Díaz G , Chávez EA , Ramade-Villanueva M
Published: August 2017

The fishery of green abalone in Bahía Asunción, Baja California Sur (Mexico), was analyzed with an age-structured simulation model using data on catch, effort, abundance estimates, natural mortality and the population growth parameters (k, L∞, to, a and b of the length-weight relationship, age at first capture and longevity). The parent-recruit relationship can be established from the correspondence between the adult stock and the one-year-old juveniles and was analyzed as a random variable with normal distribution; it shows anomalies with a sinusoid pattern. Estimates of potential yield show that current yields are below the biologic maximum sustainable yield and economic maximum sustainable yield levels.
Analysis of the fishing strategies of the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus Albacares) Eastern Pacific Fishery Based on Monte Carlo simulations of a density-dependent matrix model
Authors: Vaca-Rodríguez JG , Dreyfus-León MJ
Published: August 2017

The effect of the fishing effort on the age structure has not been considered in many models. To consider both uncertainty and age structure, a density-dependent matrix model based on a discrete time-form of the logistic equation using the Leslie matrix was employed, with Monte Carlo simulations. A total of 66 different fishing scenarios were structured for the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the eastern Pacific. The experimental design consisted of 400 ten-year runs for each of the 66 fishing scenarios, considering each age-class. The uncertainty was considered for natural mortality, environmental carrying capacity, total number of sets, catch per set of each type (on dolphins, schools and logs), and recruitment. The age structure had the greatest relative importance in the model, according to sensitivity analysis. One way of controlling the age structure is directing the fishing effort towards the three types of fishing sets. The fishing strategies that presented the highest success probability values (percentage of iterations above arbitrary levels) were those with dominance of dolphin-sets, a small amount of school-sets and almost no log-sets. The best fishing strategies obtain high success probabilities for the especially susceptible age-classes and total biomass. These fishing strategies assure higher total catches, minimum juvenile tuna discards and lower incidental catches. The model predicts a 32% difference in the catches between non-dolphin-sets and dolphin-sets.
Population parameters of the snail astraea undosa (wood, 1828) from the west coast of the baja california peninsula
Authors: Gluyas-Millán MG , Quiñónez-Velázquez C , Talavares-Maya J
Published: August 2017

Growth and mortality of the snail Astraea undosa were estimated based on the age determination of 1034 opercula obtained from 34,969 organisms sampled in five fishing areas off the west coast of Baja California Sur (Mexico), during 1997 and 1998. No significant differences were detected in the sizes of each sex and age groups of 0 to 12 years were determined. To describe the growth pattern, the von Bertalanffy growth model was fitted to size-age data per fishing area and the following growthparameters were obtained: L∞= 167.8 to 175.1 mm basal diameter, K = 0.08 to 0.10 mm/year and t0 = –1.7 to –1.2 years. The growth pattern was similar among areas in agreement with the performance index, φ′. However, a north-south size-age latitudinal gradient was observed; the largest sizes per age were observed at Isla Natividad. The natural mortality was 0.29 per year. The total mortality rate per area varied from 0.43 to 0.90 per year and the exploitation rate from 0.11 to 0.40 per year. The results indicate that the fishery sustains appropriate exploitation levels.
Geographic pattern of genetic variation in modiolus capax (conrad, 1837) from the gulf of california
Authors: Rosa-Vélez J , Farfán C , Cervantes-Franco MA
Published: August 2017

The genetic variation of the two largest Modiolus capax (Conrad, 1837) populations that occur on the west coast of the Gulf of California was studied by the allozyme analysis of eight polymorphisms of twelve isozyme loci. Genetic variation was examined in about 200 mussels collected from three levels of the intertidal zone and from three sublittoral demes. Two loci (LAP* and GPI*) displayed particularly high allelic diversity (18 and 19 alleles, respectively), many of which were rare (p < 0.1). Heterozygote deficiency was a common feature across all loci, probably explained by the Wahlund effect. The genetic structure of the population was analyzed using Wright's F-statistics, and its significance was assessed by permutation and numerical resampling methods. There was a lower degree of genetic divergence among intertidal levels (FST = 0.042) than among sublittoral demes (FST = 0.080), yet both values were significant. Comparisions between grouped genotype frequencies for each extreme locality (San Felipe vs La Paz) revealed a low but significant level of genetic divergence (FST = 0.049), which suggests genetic flow over vast geographic distances (approximately 1100 km), but slight local genetic divergence due to physical or biological factors acting over the larval dispersal and settlement.
Seasonal variation of the temperature and salinity at the entrance to the gulf of california, mexico
Authors: Castro R , Mascarenhas AS , Durazo R , Collins CA
Published: August 2017

Seasonal variability at the entrance to the Gulf of California is described using high resolution CTD data from a section across the entrance to the gulf that was occupied eight times between 1992 and 1998. Variability decreased rapidly below 100 dbar, so that standard deviations exceeding 0.5ºC and 0.05 for temperature and salinity, respectively, were confined to the upper 150 dbar. The mean salinity field wasasymmetric, with fresher waters (S < 34.6) between 25 and 75 dbar next to Sinaloa and saltier waters (S > 34.8) above 50 dbar and between 100 and 150 dbar near Baja California. A seasonal thermocline developed in the upper 50 dbar, increasing from 21ºC in February surface temperatures to 31ºC in August. Below 100 dbar, temperature at a given pressure was typically colder in the center of the section, indicating cyclonic flow (flow into the gulf next to Sinaloa and out of the gulf next to Baja California). The subsurface mid-gulf cooling (cyclonic flow) was strongest during winter and spring when the exchange of heat between the gulf and the Pacific Ocean is large. Subsurface mid-gulf heating (corresponding to anticyclonic flow) was not observed. Temporal and spatial distribution of saline water masses suggests that heat exchanges take place by alternating the inflow and outflow of warm (surface) and cold (subsurface) water masses. The 1997–1998 El Niño resulted in a 50 dbar deepening of the thermocline in November 1997, as well as a freshening of 0.1 to 0.2 of waters above the thermocline.
Saprolegniasis in wild fish populations
Authors: González-de-Canales ML , Ortiz JB , González-Valle M , Sarasquete C
Published: August 2017

The clinical signs and histopathological disturbances produced by Saprolegnia sp. are described in Chondrostomos polylepis and Rutilus albugineus, under environmental stress. The main alterations observed were loss of epithelium leading to ulceration and blood disorders, consisting of blood congestion and occasional hemorrhages. Infected fish developed focal lesions with the fungus invading the stratum spongiosum of the dermis before extending laterally over the epidermis. The onset of disease was brought about by a combination of a rapid fall in water temperature, which probably induced an effect of immunosuppression, and the maintenance of low water temperature, which favored the proliferation of the fungus.
Feeding habits of the round stingray Urobatis Halleri (Cooper, 1863) (Chondrichthyes: Urolophidae) from the continental shelf of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico
Authors: Valadez-González C. , Aguilar-Palomino B , Hernández-Vázquez S
Published: August 2017

A total of 295 stomach contents of round stingray Urobatis halleri (Urolophus halleri), from the continental shelf of Jalisco and Colima (Mexico), were analyzed. The samples were taken seasonally from September 1997 to August 1998. The index of relative importance was used to determine the prey importance. This species feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates, such as the stomatopods Eurysquilla veleronis and Meiosquilla swetti, amphipods, other crustaceans, the shrimp Processa peruviana and brachyuran portunids, and to a lesser extent, on polychaetes and fishes.
Microzooplankton grazing in the gulf of california
Authors: García-Pámanes J , Lara-Lara JR
Published: August 2017

Microzooplankton (organisms < 200 μm) grazing rates were determined using the dilution technique at nine stations in the central region of the Gulf of California and one in the sill of the Guaymas Basin, during spring, summer, and autumn 1995. The microzooplankton was numerically dominated by protozoa, the most important being the dinoflagellates; the most frequent genera were Amphidinium , Oxytoxum ,  Gyrodinium , and  Peridinium . Ciliates were the second most important group and the most abundant genera were Mesodinium ,  Strombidium , and Strombilidium . Mean phytoplankton growth rates were 1.58, 1.64, and 1.82  d–1 during spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. Mean grazing rates were 1.25, 1.93, and 1.84  d–1 during spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. There were no significant differences in grazing rates among seasons (P > 0.05). Based on the grazing rates we estimated that the microzooplankton can consume about 89%, 106%, and 100% of the potential primary production during spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. Our results suggest that in Guaymas Basin there are two seasons in the year: spring, when a small fraction of the nanophytoplankton is not removed and may be exported to the bottom of the ocean; and summer/autumn, when nanophytoplankton biomass is totally consumed in the pelagic system.
Short-term temporal variability of Ag, Cd and Cu in Mytilus californianus and the effectiveness of this organism as a bioindicator
Authors: Gutiérrez-Galindo EA , Muñoz-Barbosa A
Published: August 2017

In order to study the short-term temporal variability of the concentration of Ag, Cd and Cu in Mytilus californianus and to determine the effectiveness of this organism as a bioindicator of these metals, 11 simultaneous samplings (every other day) were conducted from 24 August to 23 September 1995 at one polluted site and one unpolluted site at Todos Santos Bay in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. The concentrations of Ag and Cu (µg g–1 dry weight) were significantly greater at the polluted station (0.64–1.69 and 6.72–9.10, respectively) than at the unpolluted station (0.05–0.27 and 5.48–7.00, respectively), possibly due to the proximity of the polluted station to a wastewater discharge. The concentrations of Cd at the unpolluted station (1.37–5.25) were significantly greater than those at the polluted station (0.60–2.13), probably due to the association of Cd with upwelling, which is a common occurrence at the unpolluted station during the time the samplings were conducted. The relationships between the raw concentrations of the metals studied and the concentration normalized by the condition index indicate that M. californianus is a better indicator of Ag and Cd than of Cu.
Detection of sea level fingerprints derived from GRACE gravity data
Authors: Hsu Chia‐Wei , Velicogna Isabella
Published: August 2017

Mass changes of ice sheets, glaciers and ice caps, land water hydrology, atmosphere, and ocean cause a nonuniform sea level rise due to the self‐attraction and loading effects called sea level fingerprints (SLF). SLF have been previously derived from a combination of modeled and observed mass fluxes from the continents into the ocean. Here we derive improved SLF from time series of time variable gravity data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission for April 2002 to October 2014. We evaluate the GRACE‐derived SLF using ocean bottom pressure (OBP) data from stations in the tropics, where OBP errors are the lowest. We detect the annual phase of the SLF in the OBP signal and separate it unambiguously from the barystatic sea level (BSL) at two stations. At the basin scale, the SLF explain a larger fraction of the variance in steric‐corrected altimetry than the BSL, which has implications for evaluating mass transport between ocean basins.
Viscoelastic lower crust and mantle relaxation following the 14–16 April 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, earthquake sequence
Authors: Pollitz Fred F. , Kobayashi Tomokazu , Yarai Hiroshi , Shibazaki Bunichiro , Matsumoto Takumi
Published: August 2017

The 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, earthquake sequence, culminating in the Mw=7.0 16 April 2016 main shock, occurred within an active tectonic belt of central Kyushu. GPS data from GEONET reveal transient crustal motions from several millimeters per year up to ∼3 cm/yr during the first 8.5 months following the sequence. The spatial pattern of horizontal postseismic motions is shaped by both shallow afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation of the lower crust and upper mantle. We construct a suite of 2‐D regional viscoelastic structures in order to derive an optimal joint afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation model using forward modeling of the viscoelastic relaxation. We find that afterslip dominates the postseismic relaxation in the near field (within 30 km of the main shock epicenter), while viscoelastic relaxation dominates at greater distance. The viscoelastic modeling strongly favors a very weak lower crust below a ∼65 km wide zone coinciding with the Beppu‐Shimabara graben and the locus of central Kyushu volcanism. Inferred uppermost mantle viscosity is relatively low beneath southern Kyushu, consistent with independent inferences of a hydrated mantle wedge within the Nankai trough fore ‐arc.
Using Selective Redundancy to Eliminate the Seductive Details Effect
Authors: Yue Carole L. , Bjork Elizabeth Ligon
Published: August 2017

The seductive details effect occurs when adding interesting, but extraneous, details to a lesson impairs learning of the lesson's key information. Although instructors could simply remove such interesting details, prior research suggests that interest can be a powerful motivating factor for learning. In the present research, we attempted to recruit the motivational benefits of seductive details without eliciting their detrimental effects by manipulating the redundancy between narrated and on‐screen verbal information within a multimedia lesson. We presented 69 college students with different instructional videos, one in which key facts were presented with on‐screen text slightly different from the narration, while seductive details were presented with on‐screen text that was identical to the narration. We eliminated the seductive details effect for these participants, indicating that partial redundancy can be used as a means by which interesting details can be included in a lesson without detracting from the learning of key facts.Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.