bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La falta de tipificación del delito de suicidio feminicida por inducción o ayuda en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal
Authors: Suqui Morocho María Gabriela , Zamora Vázquez Ana Fabiola
Published: March 2024

Introducción: El presente estudio aborda la construcción de un marco conceptual del suicidio feminicida por inducción o ayuda, respaldado por doctrinarios que han validado esta terminología desde décadas atrás. Además, se realiza un análisis de los marcos legales internacionales que han regulado este delito, seguido por un estudio comparativo entre El Salvador y Chile. Posteriormente, se presentan dos casos ecuatorianos que evidencian la perpetración de este tipo de suicidio en contextos de violencia de género. Objetivo: El objetivo principal de esta investigación es demostrar la necesidad de tipificar el delito de suicidio feminicida por inducción o ayuda en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal, utilizando la información y colaboración de jueces multicompetentes y un agente fiscal para enriquecer este análisis. Metodología: La investigación se llevó a cabo mediante la recopilación de información de doctrinarios y análisis de marcos legales internacionales. Se seleccionaron dos países latinoamericanos, El Salvador y Chile, para realizar un estudio comparativo, seguido por la identificación de casos ecuatorianos que ejemplifican este tipo de delito. La colaboración de jueces multicompetentes y un agente fiscal enriqueció considerablemente la información recopilada. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos refuerzan la necesidad de tipificar el delito de suicidio feminicida por inducción o ayuda en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal. Los casos analizados muestran cómo las víctimas, tras sufrir violencia física, psicológica y sexual, se ven impulsadas al suicidio en un contexto de discriminación y subordinación. Conclusión: La tipificación de este delito en el marco legal espera ser un punto de partida para la implementación de políticas públicas y la intervención legislativa necesaria para erradicar la violencia de género. Es imperativo abordar este problema que cobra la vida de mujeres a través de la inducción al suicidio, promoviendo así una sociedad más justa e igualitaria. Área de estudio general: Derecho Procesal Penal y Litigación Oral. Área de estudio específica: Derecho Penal y Violencia de Género
Phát huy vai trò, thế mạnh của Internet và dư luận xã hội trực tuyến đối với công tác phòng,
chống tham nhũng, tiêu cực
Authors: Vũ Trọng Lâm
Published: March 2024

Sự phát triển của công nghệ thông tin đã tạo ra một cuộc cách mạng trong công nghệ truyền thông; từ đó dẫn đến những biến đổi chưa từng có trong đặc điểm của dư luận xã hội. Việc phát huy thế mạnh của internet và dư luận xã hội trực tuyến trong các hoạt động chính trị - xã hội nói chung và trong công tác phòng, chống tham nhũng, tiêu cực nói riêng đang là mô hình được các quốc gia trên thế giới quan tâm, ứng dụng, triển khai và đã thu được những kết quả bước đầu quan trọng. Bài viết phân tích các đặc điểm và chức năng giám sát của dư luận xã hội trực tuyến, đề xuất các giải pháp tận dụng, phát huy thế mạnh của internet và dư luận xã hội trực tuyến trong công tác phòng, chống tham nhũng, tiêu cực.
ASSISTÊNCIA JURÍDICA INTEGRAL E GRATUITA AOS NECESSITADOS: EVIDÊNCIAS COMO CONTRIBUTO À FASE AVALIATIVA NA IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA CONSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Glaucia Maria de Araújo Ribeiro Glaucia , Munhoz André Ricardo Antonovicz
Published: March 2024

A presente pesquisa objetivou apresentar evidências da incompletude na concretização do instrumento de natureza constitucional criado para a efetivação do direito fundamental à assistência jurídica integral e gratuita aos necessitados, no escopo de contribuir com o monitoramento e avaliação da política pública instituída em 1988. Procedeu-se a pesquisa descritivo-dedutiva de base bibliográfica para referenciação teórica e documental para a apresentação de elementos empíricos e científicos idôneos. O objetivo foi atingido com a apresentação de dados quantitativos possibilitadores de evidenciar que a Defensoria Pública, como instrumento igualmente instituído no plano constitucional originário para efetivação da assistência jurídica integral e gratuita aos necessitados, 34 anos após a promessa constitucional, ainda é sistematicamente precarizada pelos entes federativos no país.
PALAVRAS CHAVE: Direito fundamental. Assistência jurídica integral e gratuita. Defensoria Pública. Política Pública. Monitoramento e avaliação.
ABSTRACT
The present research aimed to provide evidence of the incompleteness in achieving the constitutional instrument created to ensure the fundamental right to comprehensive and free legal assistance for the needy, with the scope of contributing to the monitoring and evaluation of the public policy established in 1988. A descriptive-deductive research approach was conducted, based on bibliographic sources for theoretical referencing and documentary evidence to present reliable empirical and scientific elements. The objective was achieved by presenting quantitative data that allowed for highlighting that the Public Defender's Office, equally established as a constitutional instrument for the realization of comprehensive and free legal assistance to the needy, 34 years after the constitutional promise, is still systematically undermined by the federative entities in the country.
Keywords: Fundamental right. Complete and free legal assistance. Public Defender's Office. Public policy. Monitoring and evaluation.
EFEK ANTIDIABETES DAUN JAMBU BIJI PADA HEWAN COBA: TINJAUAN KEPUSTAKAAN SISTEMATIS
Authors: Oktoviani Oktoviani , Sania aulia fasa  , Ahmad azmi
Published: March 2024

Background: Indonesia ranks fifth in the world with diabetes and diabetes cases are expected to increase continuously. The treatment of diabetes is taking medication and modifying life style. Herbal medicine is used as an additional or substitute drug for diabetes because of its efficacy and has few side effects. Guava leaf is one of the traditional plants that are widely used by the community. Guava leaves have been used as a treatment for diabetes and hypertension in South Africa. Secondary metabolites found in guava leaves such as flavonoids, phenolics and terpenoids were found to have antidiabetic activity. Previous studies have been conducted, but there was no systematic literature review that discussed the efficacy of the antidiabetic effect administration of guava leaves on experimental animals comprehensively.

Methods: This systematic literature review was conducted on three databases, namely Pubmed, Cochrane and Elsevier. Duplicate and irrelevant studies are eliminated, abstracts are screened and followed by reading the entire articles to select journals that fit the inclusion criteria. Critical appraisal uses Joana Brigs Institute tool.

Results:  There were three articles met the criterias. The result of the three studies showed that administration of guava leaf extract is reported able to reduce blood glucose level and improve sensitivity insulin.

Conclusion: Administration of guava leaf extract significantly reduce blood glucose level and improve insulin sensitivity on animal laboratory.
Pregnant women hemostasis assessment: the current status and trends
Authors:   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Zvonareva E.V. , Tipikina L.A. ,   Maternity Hospital No. 1 of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Zakharenko K.V. ,   Maternity Hospital No. 1 of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Garbar Z.N. ,   Maternity Hospital No. 1 of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia, Tretyakova Z.S. ,   Maternity Hospital No. 1 of the Ministry of Health of the Khabarovsk Krai, Khabarovsk, Russia
Published: March 2024

The article evaluates obstetric bleeding during pregnancy and childbirth in the Khabarovsk Krai in 2014–2022. Monitoring of some hemostasis indicators was carried out: INR, fibrinogen, APTT in 85 pregnant women in the I–III trimesters of gestation. The features of hemostasis indicators in the process of developing physiological pregnancy were revealed. The results obtained showed a persistent tendency to increased fibrinogen.
Eski Mezopotamya Çivi Yazılı Belgelerinde Kök Boya: Ḫurātu
Authors: ŞAHİN Hasan Ali , KOÇYİĞİT Şerife
Published: March 2024

Eski Mezopotamya çivi yazılı belgeleri hem renk hem de boya isimlerine yer vermiştir. Kullanılan boyalar arasında ḫurātu isimli kırmızı renkli kök boya da yer almıştır. Akadca bir kelime olan ḫurātu, “Kızılkök, kök boya” anlamlarına sahiptir. Sumerce karşılığı ise gišḪAB/úḪÁB olarak bilinmektedir. İlgili kelimelerinin geçtiği birincil kaynaklar arasında Yeni Sumer, Eski-Orta-Yeni Babil, Orta ve Yeni Asur Dönemi metinleri öne çıkmaktadır. Tarihsel olarak bakıldığında kullanımı MÖ 2000’li yıllara kadar gitmektedir. Uzun ve istikrarlı bir kullanım görmüş olan ḫurātu, en eski kök boyalardan birisidir. İlgili boyanın kullanıldığı alanların başında tekstil endüstrisi gelmektedir. Özellikle deri yün kumaş gibi tekstil ürünlerinde kırmızı rengin elde edilmesi için ḫurātu kullanılmıştır. İlaveten kırmızı renkte ton ve kalıcılığı artırmak için şap ve mordan gibi hammaddelere de ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Ḫurātu’nun üretimi zahmetli olduğu için maliyeti yüksektir. Genellikle saray ve tapınak mensupları tarafından kullanım görmüştür. Ayrıca eski Mezopotamya’da bölgeler arasında bir haraç veya vergi öğesi olarak da alınmıştır. Makale “ḫurātu kelimesinin anlamı ve etimolojik kökeni” ve “çivi yazılı belgelerde ḫurātu” olmak üzere iki başlığa ayrılarak çalışılmıştır. Makalenin amacı belirlediğimiz Eski-Orta-Yeni Babil ve Orta-Yeni Asur Dönemi metinlerinden yola çıkarak eski Mezopotamya’da ḫurātu’nun üretimi ve mahiyeti hakkında bilgi vermek ve kimler tarafından ne amaçla, nerede ve ne zaman kullanıldığını tespit ederek hangi ürünlerde kullanıldığını saptamaktır.
Mastaura Antik Kenti Savunma Mimarisi Araştırması
Authors: SOSLU Salih
Published: March 2024

Mastaura antik kenti Aydın İli, Nazilli İlçesi’nin yaklaşık 3 km kuzeyinde bulunan Bozyurt ve Eycelli mahalleleri arasında uzanan bir vadidedir. Büyük Menderes (Maiandros) boyunca uzanan ve Ege kıyılarını Anadolu’nun içlerine bağlayan Caput Viae yolunun önemli kentlerinden biridir. Konumu itibariyle Karia ve Lydia bölgeleri arasındaki geçiş güzergahı üzerindedir. Khrysaoris Deresi ile ikiye bölünmüş olan kent, verimli bir çevreye sahiptir. Kentin amphitiyatro ve hamam yapısında çalışmalar halen yürütülmektedir.

Mastaura 2023 çalışma programının ana konularından biri kentin savunma mimarisidir. Bu program kapsamında yapılan araştırmada, kent kırsalında kule ve Bizans askeri yapı kalıntıları tespit edilmiştir. Kulenin en önemli özelliği Mastaura’nın savunma sistemleri üzerine yapılan araştırmalarda kentin Helenistik Dönem savunmasıyla ilişkili olduğu belirlenen ilk askeri yapı olmasıdır. Ayrıca kulenin hemen kuzeyinde kuleyle ilişkili harçlı bir duvarın varlığı, kulenin Geç Antik Çağ’da da kullanıldığını göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Bir diğer yapı ise batıdaki Mastaura Bizans kalesiyle aynı mimari özelliklerle tasarlanan ve kaleyle aynı dönemde inşa edildiği düşünülen kulenin güneyinde yer alan karakol yapısıdır. Her iki askeri yapının da temel işlevi ait oldukları idari merkezleri olası tehlikelere karşı uyarmak, kırsalda kontrol ve güvenliği sağlamaktır.

Bu çalışmanın amacı kent territoryumunda tespit edilen savunma yapılarını tanıtmak, mimarisini incelemek, tarihsel kimliğini açıklamak ve tartışma konusu olan kent savunmasını yorumlamaktır.
PERANAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENDIDIK KARAKTER ANAK MASA KINI DALAM PRESPEKTIF HADITS
Authors: Endah Dwi Mulyawati  , Fitaria Intan Ardika Sari  , Hani Rahafadzul Fida
Published: March 2024

Artikel ini mengkaji peran orang tua dalam perkembangan kepribadian anak ditinjau dari hadis kepribadian merupakan suatu kualitas yang terbentuk dari lingkungan dan diwariskan dari orang tua. Kepribadian seorang anak pada awalnya dibentuk oleh orang tua, yang juga mewariskan beberapa sifat genetik [gen] kepada anak. Oleh karena itu, orang tua harus memiliki sifat-sifat yang dicontohkan Nabi Muhammad SAW, agar anak-anaknya berhasil meniru sifat-sifat orang tuanya.

Dari sudut pandang hadis, apa saja faktor yang membentuk kepribadian anak?. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penting atau peranan orang tua dalam perkembangan kepribadian anak berdasarkan perspektif hadis. Orang tua juga mempunyai peran penting dalam menanamkan pendidikan islam kepada anak-anaknya. Berdasarkan hadis Nabi Muhammad SAW, diharapkan anak-anak diajarkan dasar-dasar pendidikan islam, cinta kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya, serta pentingnya ibadah di masjid dan memiliki budi pekerti yang baik sejak dini, memberikan pendidikan yang sesuai bagi anak-anak. Pengembangan karakter anak telah dilakukan, untuk orang tua dll. Orang tua pun perlu memperhatikan masyarakat dan lingkungan sekolah karena anak belum bisa membedakan lingkungan yang baik dan buruk.
PERILAKU MASYARAKAT KAJANG DALAM MENGKONSUMSI TUAK PADA ACARA ADAT
Authors: Asri Muhammad , . Arman , Asrina Andi
Published: March 2024

Tujuan:Untuk mendapatkan informasi dan menganalisis secara mendalam perilaku masyarakat kajang dalam mengkonsumsi tuak pada acara adat .Metode Penelitian:Jenis penelitian ini adalah  kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi yang bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi fenomena  konsumsi tuak dengan menggunakan  teknik observasi, wawancara mendalam(indepth interview), dan dokumentasi secara terus menerus selama penelitian berlangsungdan informan penelitian adalah masyarakat kajang yang masih melestarikan tradisi minum tuak pada acara adat. Hasil:Berdasarkan penelitian bahwa masyarakat kajang mengkonsumsi tuak pada acara merupakan suatu hal yang biasa saja untuk melestarikan kebiasaan nenek moyang mereka acara adat tidak akan dilaksanakan tanpa tuak karena tuak sumber kehidupan mereka dan menganggap tuak sebagai air susu ibu dan apabila tuak tidak ada maka acara adat tidak dapat dilaksanakan, jika tidak melaksanakan adat maka akan dikenakan sanksi sosial berupa dikucilkan karena dianggap tidak mematuhi aturan adat.
PERILAKU PENCARIAN PENGOBATAN PENYAKIT DIARE PADA BALITA DI MASYARAKAT SUKU BAJO KABUPATEN BONE
Authors: Fila Ikda , Asrina Andi , Kurnaesih Een
Published: March 2024

Tujuan: Untuk mendapatkan informasi dan menganalisis secara mendalam perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan Penyakit diare pada Balita Di Masyarakat Suku Bajo Kabupaten Bone Tahun2018. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian metode kualitatif yang mengeksplorasi secara mendalam mengenai perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan Penyakit diare pada Balita Di Masyarakat Suku Bajo Kabupaten Bone Tahun 2018 melalui wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), observasi dan dokumentasi secara terus menerus selama penelitian berlangsung dan informan penelitian adalah balita yang mengalami diare atau pernah mengalami diare 3 bulan terakhir di suku Bajo Kabupaten Bone. Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menujukkan bahwa pengetahuan masyarakat Bajo suku terkait perilku pencarian pengobatan masih sangat kurang dan cenderung ke pengobatan tradisional, sedangkan sikap masyarakat menganggap pengobatan tradisional lebih baik dari pada pelayanan kesehatan. Terkait  dengan budaya masyarakat disuku Bajo pengobatan dilakukan secara turun temurun dengan mengandalkan dukun ,akses pelayanan kesehatan sangat terjangkau akan tetapi masyarakat lebih memlilih pengobatan tradisional. Rekomendasi: Perlunya dilakukan strategi advokasi dan komunikasi kepada  masyarakat untuk mendukung penderita diare kususnya pada ibu-ibu yang memliki anak Balita sehingga mereka memahami penyebab penyakit dan penangulangannya dan perilaku Hidup Bersih (PHBS)
KEIKUTSERTAAN PASANGAN USIA SUBUR MARGA TIONGHOA DALAM PROGRAM KELUARGA BERENCANA
Authors: Aris Arni AR , Asrina Andi , Kurnaesih Een
Published: March 2024

Tujuan: Untuk mendapatkan informasi, menganalisa dan mengkaji secara mendalam mengenai keikutsertaan PUS Marga Tionghoa dalam program KB. Metode Penelitian:  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan pada penelitian ini adalah pasangan Usia Subur Marga Tionghoa yang berjumlah 7 orang, 1 orang Pandita agama Budha dan 1 orang petugas kesehatan di Kabupaten Bone. Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepercayaan patrilineal pada pasangan usia subur sangat erat kaitannya dengan keikutsertaan PUS dalam program KB. Dimana jenis kelamin anak laki-laki sangat istimewa dalam satu Keluarga PUS Marga Tionghoa. Ketika PUS ini memiliki anak laki-laki barulah akan ikut serta dalam program keluarga berencana. Usia rata-rata menikah PUS Marga Tionghoa adalah dalam kategori ideal yaitu 22 – 30 Tahun. Jumlah anak dalam satu keluarga paling sedikit 3 orang. Dukungan pasangan dalam program KB sangat kurang, sehingga mempengaruhi sikap dari pasangan PUS Marga Tionghoa untuk ikut ber-KB. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan hendaknya PUS Marga Tionghoa di Kabupaten Bone ikut serta dalam program KB setelah memiliki 2 anak, karena demi kesejahteraan keluarga pada setiap PUS Marga Tionghoa di Kabupaten Bone.
Infertil Pada Pasangan Usia Subur di Kecamatan Ma'rang Pangkep tahun 2018
Authors: Sahirah Syarifah
Published: March 2024

AbstrakTujuan: untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan infertili pada pasangan usia subur Metode Penelitian:Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif, dengan desain cross sectional (potong lintang) berdasarkan data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil: menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berisiko terhadap infertilitas pasangan usia subur yaitu penyakit penyerta(p=0,365 p 0,05 ), Obesitas (p=0,000 nilai p=0,05; OR =6,508), Gaya Hidup (p=0,000 p0,05 ; OR=6,583), Stres (p=0,044 nilai p 0,00 ; OR=1,471), Pekerjaan (p=0,982 nilai p0,05).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara Obesitas,gaya hidup dan stres dengan kejadian infertilitas pada pasangan usia subur,  tidak ada hubungan antara penyerta dan pekerjaan dengan kejadian infertilitas. Rekomendasi: Bagi pasangan yang memiliki gaya hidup brisiko sebaiknya melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara periodik agar dapat berhenti total dari ketergantungan. Menjaga pola makan yang sehat dan teratur agar terhindar dari obesitas. Menjalin komunikasi terbuka antara pasangan dan keluarga demi mengurangi tekanan psikis
PENGARUH EDUKASI PERILAKU HIDUP BERSIH PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI DUSUN MONCONGLOE BULU KABUPATEN MAROS. (Studi Kasus di Dusun Moncongloe Bulu RT 15)
Authors: Surmayanti Surmayanti , Sainah Sainah , Jufri Fitriana , Irmawati Irmawati , Annisa Fausiyah , Helvira Vivin , Millenia Millenia , Kadir Ismawati
Published: March 2024

Edukasi Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dan memberi edukasi yang berkaitan dengan Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) kepada masyarakat terutama pada masyarakat di Kelurahan Moncongloe Bulu Kabupaten Maros. Metode yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah metode media edukasi melalui poster yang dibagikan melalui grup Wa dan materi terkait dengan Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat. Dari hasil yang dicapai dapat terlihat bahwa respon masyarakat terkait dengan adanya program edukasi Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat ini sangat baik dimana warga secara sadar mulai menerapkan beberapa langkah hidup sehat meskipun masih dalam kondisi Pandemi yang mengharuskan masyarakat tetap dirumah saja. Masayarakat kini sadar akan menjaga pola makan dan menjaga pola kesehatan dengan tetap berolah raga dirumah, serta menerapkan protokol ksehatan yang dihimbau oleh pemeritah terutama anjuran dalam memakai masker dan selalu mencuci tangan ketika akan melakukan kegiatan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan ini berhasil dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat di Dusun Moncongloe Bulu RT 15 Kelurahan Mocongloe Kabupaten Maros dalam penerapan  Pola Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di masa pandemi Covid-19, Dilihat berdasarkan perilaku masyarakat yang jauh lebih disiplin dalam menjaga kesehatan. Selain itu evaluasi hasil terkait dengan poster yang di bagikan kepada masyarakat juga memberikan pemahaman yang baik kepada masyarakat dengan memberikan poster yang menarik, mudah dipahami, dan interaktif dalam menjaga Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS).
PENGARUH PENYULUHAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG PENTINGNYA ASI EKSLUSIF DI RSUD IBNU SINA
Authors: Irmayani Irmayani , Nurafriani Nurafriani , Ratna Ratna
Published: March 2024

ASI ekslusif adalah bayi hanya diberi ASI saja selama 6 bulan, tanpa tambahan cairan lain seperti susu formula, jeruk, madu, air teh, dan air putih, serta tanpa tambahan makanan padat seperti pisang, bubur susu, bubur nasi, dan nasi tim. Setelah 6 bulan baru mulai diberikan makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI).ASI dapat diberikan sampai anak berusia 2 tahun atau lebih (Kristiyanasari, 2011). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya ASI ekslusif di RS Ibnu Sina Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian dengan metode quasi eksperimental design : one group pre test and post test design, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil yang melakukan kunjungan sebanyak 138 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, didapatkan 58 responden sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data yang telah terkumpul kemudian diolah dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan computer program Microsoft excel dan program statistik (SPSS) versi 16,0 dengan tingkat kemaknaan 0,05. Hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya ASI ekslusif (p 0,000), Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah ada pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pentingnya ASI ekslusif di RS Ibnu Sina Makassar.
Ритуальная одежда семейских Западного Забайкалья: к вопросу реконструкции утраченных компонентов и смыслов костюмного комплекса
Authors: Костров А.В.
Published: March 2024

Старообрядческая культура, известная своим традиционализмом, долгое время сохраняла многие элементы дораскольного быта. При этом её представители по-своему воспринимали и развивали наследие предков, переводя его на качественно новый уровень. В этом творчестве проявились желание соответствовать образу спасающегося христианина, который всеми средствами стремится проявить усилия в этом направлении. Одним из средств выражения подобного стремления стала одежда, ритуальные виды которой дольше всего сохраняли и сложившийся до раскола строй, и осмысливаемую христианскую символику. Это проявилось в крое, фасонах, а также в украшениях намётками, сборками и другими элементами, которые должны были подчеркнуть христианские ориентации и помочь приблизиться к Небу. На основе анализа большого круга наблюдений, интервью и предметов, сохраняемых в частных, церковных, муниципальных и государственных собраниях, делается обзор и анализ разных костюмных комплексов (моленного, крестильного, свадебного, смеретного) семейских старообрядцев Западного Забайкалья. Выявляется логика пошива и применения разных частей костюма, а также разбирается численная символика, используемая при создании и бытовании знаковых предметов одежды. Это позволяет реконструировать некоторые практически утраченные компоненты и смыслы традиционной культуры семейских и других территориально-культурных групп старообрядцев.
The Old Believer culture, known for its traditionalism, has long preserved many elements of the pre-schism way of life. At the same time, its representatives perceived and developed the heritage of their ancestors in their own way. Their culture displayed the desire to conform to the image of a Christian looking for salvation, who strives by all means to show his efforts in this direction. Clothing was one of the means to express this aspiration, and the ritual clothes preserved both the system developed before the schism and the conceptualized Christian symbolism for a long time. This was manifested in the cut, styles and decorations with bastings, pleats and other elements that were supposed to emphasize Christian orientations and help to get closer to Heaven. The article presents an overview and analysis of various costume complexes (prayer, baptism, wedding, burial) of the Semeiskie Old Believers of Western Transbaikal based on the analysis of a range of observations, interviews and objects preserved in private, church, municipal and state collections. The author reveals the logic of tailoring and application of different parts of the costume and analyzes the number symbolism used in the creation and existence of iconic garments. This makes it possible to reconstruct some of the almost lost components and meanings of the traditional culture of the Semeiskie and other territorial-cultural groups of Old Believers.
The mechanism of solid acid-catalyzed bamboo sawdust liquefaction under polyol systems
Authors: Wu Bin , Tang Hongwei , Huang Yijia , Zhao Mengke , Liang Long , Xie Zhanghong , Wei Linshan , Fang Guigan , Wu Ting
Published: March 2024

Solid acid catalysts are widely used in the field of biomass catalytic conversion owing to their advantages of low environmental pollution, easy separation and reusability. Nevertheless, there are relatively few studies on the mechanism of solid acid liquefaction for biomass. In this study, the effect of acid strength and acid amount of various solid acids on the liquefaction efficiency has been investigated using waste bamboo sawdust generated from the pulp and paper industry as the raw material. In addition, the physicochemical changes of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin during the reaction process of bamboo sawdust have been studied, and the liquefaction mechanism of bamboo sawdust under the action of various solid acids has been concluded. As a result, the liquefaction efficiency of bamboo sawdust under the polyol system of PEG400/propanetriol is mainly related to the acid strength of the solid acid, and the greater the acid strength of the solid acid, the better the catalytic effect on the bamboo sawdust, in which the residual amount of bamboo sawdust liquefaction catalyzed by the SPA catalyst is only 17.72%. Noteworthy, the most difficult component to liquefy is the crystallization of natural cellulose I into cellulose II during the reaction process, which is the primary obstacle to the complete liquefaction of bamboo sawdust by solid acid. Overall, these findings are valuable for the high value utilization of waste bamboo sawdust in the pulp and paper industry, as well as the application of solid acid catalytic technology for biomass.
A maternal dorsoventral prepattern revealed by an asymmetric distribution of ventralizing molecules before fertilization in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Castro Colabianchi Aitana M. , González Pérez Nicolás G. , Franchini Lucía F. , López Silvia L.
Published: March 2024

The establishment of the embryonic dorsoventral axis in Xenopus occurs when the radial symmetry around the egg’s animal-vegetal axis is broken to give rise to the typical symmetry of Bilaterians. We have previously shown that the Notch1 protein is ventrally enriched during early embryogenesis in Xenopus laevis and zebrafish and exerts ventralizing activity through β-Catenin destabilization and the positive regulation of ventral center genes in X. laevis. These findings led us to further investigate when these asymmetries arise. In this work, we show that the asymmetrical distribution of Notch1 protein and mRNA precedes cortical rotation and even fertilization in X. laevis. Moreover, we found that in unfertilized eggs transcripts encoded by the ventralizing gene bmp4 are also asymmetrically distributed in the animal hemisphere and notch1 transcripts accumulate consistently on the same side of the eccentric maturation point. Strikingly, a Notch1 asymmetry orthogonal to the animal-vegetal axis appears during X. laevis oogenesis. Thus, we show for the first time a maternal bias in the distribution of molecules that are later involved in ventral patterning during embryonic axialization, strongly supporting the hypothesis of a dorsoventral prepattern or intrinsic bilaterality of Xenopus eggs before fertilization.
IL-10 and TGF-β1 may weaken the efficacy of preoperative anti-tuberculosis therapy in older patients with spinal tuberculosis
Authors: Li Shanshan , Wu Runrui , Feng Mengru , Zhang Hong , Liu Dongxu , Wang Fenghua , Chen Wen
Published: March 2024

Spinal tuberculosis is a common extrapulmonary type that is often secondary to pulmonary or systemic infections. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection often leads to the balance of immune control and bacterial persistence. In this study, 64 patients were enrolled and the clinicopathological and immunological characteristics of different age groups were analyzed. Anatomically, spinal tuberculosis in each group mostly occurred in the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Imaging before preoperative anti-tuberculosis therapy showed that the proportion of abscesses in the older group was significantly lower than that in the younger and middle-aged groups. However, pathological examination of surgical specimens showed that the proportion of abscesses in the older group was significantly higher than that in the other groups, and there was no difference in the granulomatous inflammation, caseous necrosis, inflammatory necrosis, acute inflammation, exudation, granulation tissue formation, and fibrous tissue hyperplasia. B cell number was significantly lower in the middle-aged and older groups compared to the younger group, while the number of T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and NK cells did not differ. Meaningfully, we found that the proportion of IL-10 high expression and TGF-β1 positive in the older group was significantly higher than that in the younger group. TNF-α, CD66b, IFN-γ, and IL-6 expressions were not different among the three groups. In conclusion, there are some differences in imaging, pathological, and immune features of spinal tuberculosis in different age groups. The high expression of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in older patients may weaken their anti-tuberculosis immunity and treatment effectiveness.
Effect of 24 h glucose fluctuations on 30-day and 1-year mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: an analysis from the MIMIC-III database
Authors: Liu Xiaohe , Zhang Guihong , Li Dan , Ruan Zhishen , Wu Bo
Published: March 2024

Background

It is recognized that patients' blood glucose fluctuates over time during acute disease episodes, especially during the outbreak of cardiovascular events, regardless of the presence of an abnormal blood glucose profile prior to admission to the hospital. Glucose fluctuations in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the intensive care unit (ICU) are currently not adequately monitored and studied. We focused on blood glucose fluctuation values within 24 h of admission to assess their association with 30-day and 1-year mortality.

Methods

Data of patients with AMI aged 18 years or older from the Critical Care Medical Information Marketplace database III V1.4 were available for analysis in this research. Glucose data were obtained by measurement. A total of 390 of them were treated with PCI. The principal consequence was 30-day and 1-year mortality in patients with AMI. The effect of different glucose fluctuations within 24 h of admission on mortality was predicted by constructing a multivariate Cox regression model with four model adjustments and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Additionally, we performed curve-fitting analyses to show the correlation between blood glucose fluctuations and risk of death.

Results

We selected 1,699 AMI patients into our study through screening. The included population was categorized into three groups based on the tertiles of blood glucose fluctuation values within 24 h of admission to the ICU. The three groups were <25 mg/dl, 25–88 mg/dl and >88 mg/dl. By cox regression analysis, the group with the highest blood glucose fluctuation values (>88 mg/dl) had the most significant increase in 30-day and 1-year mortality after excluding confounding factors (30-day mortality adjusted HR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.49–2.98 p < 0.001; 1-year mortality adjusted HR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.40–2.39 p < 0.001). As demonstrated by the Kaplan-Meier survival curves, the group with the greatest fluctuations in blood glucose has the worst 30-day and 1-year prognosis.

Conclusions

The extent of glucose fluctuations in patients with AMI in the first 24 h after ICU admission is an essential predictor as to 30-day as well as 1-year mortality. When blood glucose fluctuates more than 88 mg/dl within 24 h, mortality increases significantly with the range of blood glucose fluctuations.
Influence of the sand-clay ratio of the burial material of forensic targets on ground-penetrating radar (GPR) responses–comparison of dry and rainy season data
Authors: Castro Kimberly Coutinho Paes Leme de , Cunha Luciano Soares da , Sousa Ana Clara de Araujo , Nogueira Pedro Vencovsky , Borges Welitom Rodrigues
Published: March 2024

This study aims to assess the impact of the sand-clay ratio on the detection of simulated forensic targets resembling human burial evidence using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). To achieve this goal, we established a controlled site consisting of four experimental graves (SEPs), with each SEP representing a distinct burial scenario. The project’s objectives encompass evaluating how varying the clay soil content influences the detection of swine targets using 2D, quasi-3D, and 4D GPR imaging techniques. We observed signal attenuation in the GPR data during the rainy season and after reflection from larger targets, primarily due to the conductive behavior of the soft tissues within the targets. We achieved more precise results in an SEP that was 85% sand and 15% clay material, regardless of seasonality. We obtained better results in the dry season due to the greater penetrability of electromagnetic waves and more explicit reflections. In comparison, we achieved more precise results for SEP03, which was 70% sand and 30% clay material. In conclusion, controlled sites are invaluable tools for geophysical investigations, as they provide a controlled environment where we can meticulously adjust various parameters, leading to a more precise and insightful analysis of the results. By systematically manipulating factors such as the soil composition, target depth, and environmental conditions, researchers can effectively calibrate their instruments and methodologies, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of their findings. Therefore, controlled sites not only facilitate comprehensive data collection but also serve as essential platforms for refining and validating geophysical techniques, ultimately advancing the field of geophysical forensics.
The impact of WRF vertical resolution on the simulated thermal-dynamic structures and intensity of Typhoon Lekima
Authors: Lian Qinlai , Zhang Yu , Liu Xiaoyu , Xu Jianjun
Published: March 2024

This study utilizes the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) to comparatively analyze the impact of three vertical grid resolution (VGR) enhancement schemes on the simulation of super typhoon Lekima under two different horizontal resolutions. The relationship between structural changes and typhoon intensity is explored from the perspective of the simulated three-dimensional thermodynamic and dynamic structure of the typhoon. The main conclusions obtained are as follows: Typhoon track simulation is not sensitive to the setting of VGR, while intensity simulation is greatly affected by it. Increasing VGR in the lower layer can enhance the simulated intensity of the typhoon, but when VGR enhancement is made in the middle layer, the simulated typhoon intensity decreases. For VGR enhancement in the upper levels, it is only when coupled with a simultaneous increase in horizontal resolution that the simulated typhoon intensity is enhanced. Different VGR enhancement schemes result in significant differences in the simulated thermodynamic and dynamic structures of the typhoon, which is a crucial factor causing variations in simulated typhoon intensity. In terms of dynamics, increasing VGR in the lower layer reduces the hydrostatic stability of the lower troposphere, which enhances convection and improves its symmetry. This leads to strengthened inflow and outflow activities of the typhoon, resulting in a stronger simulated typhoon with a tighter and straighter eyewall. In terms of thermal structure, increasing VGR in both the lower and upper levels enhances the warm core of the typhoon, thereby increasing its simulated intensity. However, the warm core simulated with upper layer enhancement extends to a higher altitude. This may be related to two different heating mechanisms, where lower layer VGR enhancement has a more pronounced effect on changes in boundary layer latent heat flux, while upper layer VGR enhancement promotes more sinking of high-entropy air from higher levels.
Adapting to climate change through play? Didactically effective elements of a business simulation game
Authors: Fischer Sophie , Göhlich Michael , Schmitt Jan
Published: March 2024

Introduction

The negative consequences of climate change are widespread and have a global impact. An industrialized region of Germany must adapt to the effects of climate change and comply with political regulations. Previous studies indicate that economic actors who are not directly affected by climate change approach climate change mitigation and adaptation primarily based on legal requirements and often feel discouraged by the absence of data-based reports. Addressing this challenge, game-based learning emerges as a promising pathway.

Methods

To examine game-based learning’s applicability and potential for climate adaptation, we developed a business simulation game, simultaneously identifying didactically effective elements for managers who would participate in it. Using expert interviews and focus groups, we conducted a qualitative study with three HR developers from larger companies and nine managers and founders of startups to develop a business simulation game on climate adaptation. Based on the Grounded Theory methodology, theoretical coding was used to analyze the qualitative data.

Results

The derived core categories indicate that personnel development in companies is evolving in response to economic changes. Individual resources such as motivation (especially for managers), personnel and time play a crucial role in establishing a business game as an educational offering. The identified game elements can also be used theoretically and practically in the development of other educational games.

Discussion

We discussed common human resource development measures in companies and compared them with more innovative approaches such as a simulation game. The study underscores the importance of innovative approaches, such as game-based learning, in fostering climate adaptation efforts among economic actors. By integrating theoretical insights with practical applications, our findings provide valuable guidance for the development of educational games aimed at addressing complex challenges like climate change. Further research and implementation of such approaches are essential for promoting proactive climate adaptation strategies within industrialized regions and beyond.
Prognostic nomograms for predicting long‐term overall survival in spindle cell melanoma: a population‐based study
Authors: Lau Wai Chi , Huang Liying , Zheng Xinkai , Ming Wai-kit , Leong Nga Cheng , Tak Wong Yu , Yin Zhinan , Yu Hai , Lyu Jun , Deng Liehua
Published: March 2024

Background

There are few research findings on the survival prognosis of spindle cell melanoma (SCM), which is an unusual kind of melanoma. The purpose of this study was to develop a thorough nomogram for predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with SCM and to assess its validity by comparing it with the conventional American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system.

Methods

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was searched, and 2,015 patients with SCM were selected for the analysis. The patients were randomly divided into training (n = 1,410) and validation (n = 605) cohorts by using R software. Multivariate Cox regression was performed to identify predictive factors. A nomogram was established based on these characteristics to predict OS in SCM. The calibration curve, concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and decision-curve analysis were utilized to assess the accuracy and reliability of the model. The net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement were also applied in this model to evaluate its differences with the AJCC model.

Results

The developed nomogram suggests that race, AJCC stage, chemotherapy status, regional node examination status, marital status, and sex have the greatest effects on OS in SCM. The nomogram had a higher C-index than the AJCC staging system (0.751 versus 0.633 in the training cohort and 0.747 versus 0.650 in the validation cohort). Calibration plots illustrated that the model was capable of being calibrated. These criteria demonstrated that the nomogram outperforms the AJCC staging system alone.

Conclusion

The nomogram developed in this study is sufficiently reliable for forecasting the risk and prognosis of SCM, which may facilitate personalized treatment recommendations in upcoming clinical trials.
Fault identification, classification, and localization in microgrids using superimposed components and Wigner distribution function
Authors: Waqar Hamza , Bukhari Syed Basit Ali , Wadood Abdul , Albalawi Hani , Mehmood Khawaja Khalid
Published: March 2024

The integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) into distribution grids has become increasingly feasible and sustainable due to the development of microgrids. However, the development of an effective protection strategy remains a challenge in the implementation of microgrids. To address this challenge, this paper presents a simple and novel microgrid protection method based on superimposed components, Wigner distribution function (WDF) and alienation index-based. The proposed method develops a new fault detection index (FDI) by applying the alienation coefficient and WDF on a superimposed current signal to detect faulty events in the microgrid. The scheme is inherently phase segregated because the FDI is obtained for each phase individually. In addition, the proposed strategy introduces a new fault zone identification method based on the superimposed positive sequence reactive power (SPSQ). After obtaining the complete fault information, a relevant trip signal is generated to isolate the faulty section from the rest of the grid. The proposed methodology is evaluated through simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Various fault types, with varying parameters are simulated to validate the proposed approach. The results indicate that the proposed methodology is capable of recognizing, classifying, and locating all fault types in both grid-connected and islanded modes of operation.
A comprehensive analysis of the prognostic characteristics of microRNAs in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Lingying , Wang Gui , Song Jiahong , Yao Di , Wang Yong , Chen Tianyou
Published: March 2024

Both overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) are significant when determining a patient’s prognosis for breast cancer (BC). The effect of DSS-related microRNAs on BC susrvival, however, is not well understood. Here, we spotted differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in the TCGA database of BC DSS, identified eight DSS-related miRNAs, and constructed a risk model. AUC values at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.852, 0.861, and 0.868, respectively, indicating a risk model’s excellent prognostic prediction ability. Then, we validated miRNA roles in BC OS and finally defined miR-551b as an independently prognostic miRNA in BC. According to function analysis, miR-551b is strongly linked with the emergence and spread of cancer, including protein ubiquitination, intracellular protein transport, metabolic pathways, and cancer pathways. Moreover, we confirmed the low expression of miR-551b in BC tissue and cells. After miR-551b inhibition or overexpression, cell function was either dramatically increased or diminished, respectively, indicating that miR-551b could regulate BC proliferation, invasion, and migration. In conclusion, we thoroughly clarified BC-related miRNAs on DSS and OS and verified miR-551b as a crucial regulator in the development and prognosis of cancer. These results can offer fresh ideas for BC therapy.
Severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia following immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors in two patients with metastatic melanoma: a case report
Authors: Fetter Tanja , Fietz Simon , Bertlich Maya , Braegelmann Christine , de Vos-Hillebrand Luka , Wenzel Joerg , Heine Annkristin , Landsberg Jennifer , Jansen Philipp
Published: March 2024

Introduction

Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors such as antibodies against cytotoxicity T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have become an important armamentarium against a broad spectrum of malignancies. However, these specific inhibitors can cause adverse autoimmune reactions by impairing self-tolerance. Hematologic side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors, including autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), are rare but can be life-threatening.

Case report

Herein, we report two patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic melanoma who developed AIHA with symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue. In the first patient, symptoms alleviated after discontinuation of combined anti CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 therapy, initiation of corticosteroids and application of a single red blood cell transfusion. Due to subsequent progress of melanoma, combinational anti-PD-1 and tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy was initiated based on multidisciplinary tumor board decision. After two months, she again developed the described hematological and clinical signs of AIHA leading to cessation of anti-PD-1 therapy and initiation of corticosteroids, which again resulted in an alleviation of her symptoms. Due to further progression, the patient received dacarbazine for several months before she decided to stop any therapy other than palliative supportive care. In the second patient, discontinuation of anti-PD-1 therapy and initiation of corticosteroids entailed a complete alleviation of his symptoms. After refusing chemotherapy due to subsequent melanoma progression, he received radiotherapy of bone metastases and is currently enrolled in a clinical trial. The patient did not develop AIHA ever since.

Conclusion

Hematologic immune-related adverse events due to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors are rare but can have life-threatening consequences. If dyspnea and other clinical symptoms are present, AIHA should be considered as a potential cause and treated promptly in a multidisciplinary setting. An expanded comprehension of risk factors and pathogenesis of AIHA is needed to identify high-risk patients beforehand, leading to more effective predictive and reactive treatment approaches.