bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Трактат Аристотеля «О юности и старости, жизни и смерти» как часть сборника Parva naturalia
Authors: Солопова М.А.
Published: October 2024

В данной публикации рассматривается основная проблематика трактата Аристотеля «О юности и старости, жизни и смерти», входящего в сборник Parva naturalia (малые естественнонаучные сочинения). Вниманию читателя впервые предлагается перевод на русский язык этого аристотелевского произведения, в предваряющей перевод статье кратко излагаются аргументы в пользу и против публикации этого текста как самостоятельного трактата из 6 глав и как части большого трактата из 27 глав «О юности и старости, жизни и смерти и о дыхании» (в котором в таком случае гл. 7‒27 соответствуют тексту трактата «О дыхании», а гл. 1‒6 трактату «О юности и старости, жизни и смерти»). В статье уделено внимание изложению основных вопросов и терминов, отдельные положения трактата сопоставляются с другими местами из сочинений Аристотелевского корпуса. К наиболее важным темам, на которые обращено внимание в исследовании, относятся: учение о сердце как середине и как важнейшем органе живого тела, о «периттоме» (выделениях непереваренных излишков пищи), рассуждение о двух видах угасания огня как метафоре жизни и смерти, о внутреннем природном тепле. Полный перевод трактата представлен после последовательного анализа содержания его шести глав.

The article discusses the text and main topics of Aristotle's treatise "On youth and old age, life and death" as a work of the Parva naturalia collection, i.e. small works which discuss natural phenomena involving the body and the soul. This publication presents a new translation into Russian of this Aristotle’s work, a study and comments on special Aristotelian terminology, the most interest themes of the treatise are compared with other passages from relevant works of the Corpus Aristotelicum. The article as an introduction to the first translation of this text summarizes the arguments pro et contra the publication of this text as an independent treatise “On Youth and Old Age, Life and Death” (chapters 1-6) and as part of a large treatise of 27 chapters “On Youth and Old Age, Life and Death and on Respiration” (in this case, chapters 7‒27 correspond to the text of the treatise “On Respiration”). The article discusses such topics as Aristotle’s doctrine on the middle, the heart as the most important part of the living body, "perittoma" (excess, undigested food debris), two types of extinction of fire as a metaphor for life and death, innate natural heat. A complete translation of the treatise is presented after analysis of the content of its six chapters.
Классическая философия немецкого идеализма (Размышления о книге: Bykova M.F. (ed.). The German Idealism Reader. Ideas, Responses, and Legacy. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2019. ‒ 472 p.)
Authors: Татаренко Н.А.
Published: October 2024

Немецкая философия конца XVIII – первой трети XIX века, смысловое ядро которой составляли идеалистические концепции Канта, Фихте, Шеллинга и Гегеля – период духовной и интеллектуальной жизни Германии, восхищающий многообразием талантов, буйством споров и дискуссий, расцветом литературы и утверждением силы человеческого духа. Как и любые другие философские идеи, идеалистические утверждения не были единодушно восприняты полным согласием благородной публики. Критика их исходила не только от представителей других направлений, будь то иррационалистическая традиция или скептицизм, но также рождалась среди представителей самого идеализма, послужив мощным толчком к развитию. Философские взгляды Маркса, Кьеркегора, Ницше представляет собой отрицание предшествующей эпохи, базирующееся на абсолютно разных принципах. XX в. продолжил тенденцию отказа от классики, предложив нам в качестве кульминации философию постмодерна, однако после тотального отрицания всего разумного и рассудочного мы вновь прослеживаем тенденцию возврата к эпохе идеализма и обоснования его актуальности сегодня. Автор статьи обращается к проблемам исследования философии немецкого идеализма в контексте размышления над новой книгой «The German Idealism Reader. Ideas, Responses, and Legacy», изданной М.Ф. Быковой.

German philosophy of the end of the 18th - first third of the 19th century, the conceptual core of which was made up by the idealistic theories of Kant, Fichte, Schelling and Hegel – is a period of spiritual and intellectual life in Germany, admiring the diversity of talents, a riot of disputes and discussions, the flourishing of literature and the assertion of the strength of the human spirit. Like any other philosophical ideas, idealistic statements were not unanimously received with the full consent of a public. Their criticism came not only from representatives of other directions, for instance an irrationalism or skepticism, but also was born among the representatives of idealism itself, serving as a powerful impetus to development. The philosophical thoughts of Marx, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche represent a negation of the previous era, based on completely different principles. The 20th century continued the tendency of rejection of the classics, offering us the philosophy of postmodernism as a culmination, however, after the total denial of everything reasonable and rational, we again trace the tendency of returning to the era of idealism and justifying its relevance today. The author looks once again to the problems in the study of the philosophy of German idealism in the context of reflection on the book The German Idealism Reader. Ideas, Responses, and Legacy edited by M.F. Bykova.
Наследие индийского буддизма в «Собрании стародавних повестей»
Authors: Трубникова Н.Н.
Published: October 2024

«Собрание стародавних повестей» («Кондзяку моногатари-сю:», 1120-е гг.) – самый крупный в японской словесности свод поучительных историй сэцува. Из тысячи с лишним его рассказов 185 посвящены Индии. По большей части это достаточно простые примеры воздаяния счастьем за добрые дела и горем за злые, притчи об относительности любых различий (между знатным и простым, богатым и бедным, мудрым и глупым), случаи из жизни Будды Шакьямуни, его учеников и последователей. Эти истории взяты отчасти из сутр, отчасти из китайских буддийских энциклопедий или из сочинений китайцев-паломников, бывавших в Индии; сюжеты отражают взгляд японских книжников на то, какой должна быть родина Будды. В пересказе сюжет нередко подгоняется под задачу: доказать, что японская буддийская община не слишком далеко ушла от древнего индийского прообраза. Жанр сэцува не предполагает рассмотрения сложных философских вопросов, но тем интереснее рассказы, где цитируются отрывки из книг буддийского канона. Также примечательны истории о знаменитых наставниках, таких как Нагарджуна и Васубандху, и о начале значимых для Японии традиций: почитания будды Амитабхи, бодхисаттвы Авалокитешвары и «Лотосовой сутры».

Konjaku monogatari-shū (1120s) is the largest collection of setsuwa tales in Japanese literature. Among more than a thousand of his stories, 185 are devoted to India. For the most part, these are simple examples of retribution with happiness for good deeds and grief for evil, parables about the relativity of any differences (between the noble and the humble, the rich and the poor, the wise and the fool), cases from the life of Buddha Shakyamuni, his disciples and followers, his opponents and those who lived before his arrival, but tried to study and preserve the teachings of the ancient buddhas. These stories are taken partly from sutras, partly from Chinese Buddhist encyclopedias, or from the writings of Chinese pilgrims who visited India; the plots are presented in Japanese and reflect the view of the Japanese scribes on what the Buddha's homeland should be like. In the narrative, the plot is often tailored to the task: to prove that the Japanese Buddhist community has not strayed too far from the ancient Indian prototype. The setsuwa genre itself does not imply consideration of complex philosophical issues, but the more interesting are the stories where excerpts from the books of the Buddhist canon (in Chinese translation) are quoted verbatim or translated close to the text. Also noteworthy are the stories of famous masters such as Nagarjuna and Vasubandhu, and of the beginning of traditions that are especially significant for Japan: the worship of Buddha Amitabha, the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara and the Lotus Sutra.
MENAKAR KEADILAN DALAM PENYELESAIAN UTANG BERSAMA PASCA PERCERAIAN MELALUI PUTUSAN HAKIM DI PENGADILAN AGAMA BLITAR
Authors: R Rohmawati , Adila Queen
Published: October 2024

This article examines the decision of the Blitar Religious Court in a joint debt case in terms of the principle of justice. The lack of clarity regarding the provisions for sharing joint debt in Indonesian civil law has encouraged judges to do legal reasoning. The subjectivity of judges in interpreting the values ​​of justice has given rise to disparities in the legal construction of judges in joint debt cases. This research is an empirical juridical research using a case approach and a philosophical approach. The results of the study show that the panel of judges at the Blitar Religious Court determines the distribution of shared debt equally (half-half) in all cases. The division of joint debt at the Blitar Religious Court can be classified into two. First, the decision is considered to have given a sense of justice because each party has made an equal contribution to the family and the division of debt is given in a balanced manner. Second, the decision is considered to lack justice because the contribution of each party in the family is not the same but the distribution of the debt is given equally.
KONSEP KONSEP KEPENGASUHAN PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Achadi Muh Wasith , Azizi Muhammad Zaky
Published: October 2024

This study is conducted based on the condition that there is yet no consensus on the concept of hadhanah among the ulama'. The study on hadhanah is important since it concerns with the future life of children. This study focuses on Sayyid Sabiq's thoughts dealing with hadhanah in his monumental work, Fiqh As-Sunah. The study employs a library study using a qualitative approach. Meanwhile, the data collection method uses the documentation method and the data analysis uses thematic analysis from the various relevant sources. The results of this study reveals that: (1) The scope of hadhanah according to Sayyid Sabiq includes the meaning, the rights, the wages, the deadline, the autonomy to choose to whom the children go with when they are adults, conditions for hadhin, and the order of relatives who have the right to care of children, (2) The requirements for raising children are  sound mind, mature, having the ability and skills to educate children,  trustworthy and having good character, Muslim, unmarried and independent, (3) The influence of the four Imams on Sayyid Sabiq's hadhanah concepts includes opinions four Imams regarding to hadhanah, differences and similarities between the four Imams regarding to hadhanah. Finally, it can be concluded that Sayyid Sabiq's thought on hadhanah tends to be similar to that of the Hanafi and Syafi'i, stating that the mother is the most important and first person to educate and raise for children. The next right goes to grandmother and so on in the mother's family side, then to the father's family side.
PEMISAHAN PENGASUHAN BAYI KEMBAR PASCA 40 HARI DI DESA PADEMAWU TIMUR KECAMATAN PADEMAWU KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF URF
Authors: El Amin Faris , Sholehah Faridatus
Published: October 2024

East Pademawu people, which is in majority Madurese owns a belief that non-identical twins (male and female) have been born then the twin's raising must be sperately done. They believe that there will be an illness or even death in the future experiencef by the either one of twins. In this research there are two formulated problem 1) What is the practice of separate raising of twins after 40 days in East Pademawu Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency? 2) What is the practice of seperate-twin raising after 40 days from the urf perspective in East Pademawu Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency? From the research findings, it can be concluded that the practice of separate raising of twins in East Pademawu Village, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency does not violate Islamic law and it is permissible to carry out this tradition among the community provided that society does not consider such a yradition as a belief that may lead to shirk. Separate raising of twins is included in 'urf shahih as long as it does not violate the existing rules, Islamic law, and regulations.
Effect on Growth Performance and Nutritive Value of Cultivated Azolla filiculoides as an Alternative Feedstuff for Ruminant
Authors: Mohammad Fitri Rimi Hamidan  , Mohd Noor Hisham Mohd Nadzir  , Shamarina Shohaimi  , Habsah Bidin  , Noraini Samat
Published: October 2024

Azolla filiculoides is a tiny, free-floating aquatic fern and has a potential alternative protein and fibre source for ruminants, was investigated for its cultivation optimisation and feedstuff suitability. Study 1 was conducted to investigate the influence of different fertiliser types (control, broiler manure, sheep manure, cow manure) and concentrations (0.25 g/L–1.25 g/L) on the growth performance (fresh weight, doubling time, relative growth rate) and nutrient composition (dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat) of A. filiculoides. The optimised type of fertiliser and concentration in Study 1 were further adopted in Study 2 to evaluate the effect of different fertiliser processing methods on the growth performance, nutritive value and in vitro rumen digestibility of A. filiculoides upon cultivation. The findings in Study 1 showed that cultivation of A. filiculoides using sheep manure at the concentration of 1.00 g/L is the best resulted in the shortest doubling time (3 to 5 days) and produced fresh weight (FW), relative growth rate (RGR), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) at 132.2 g/m2, 0.32 g/g/day, 21.2% DM-1 and 14.4% DM-1, respectively. Furthermore, unprocessed sheep manure (T3) exhibited superior (p < 0.05) fresh weight, relative growth rate, nutrient composition and fibre components compared to the burned manure treatment (T2). In vitro digestibility analysis discovered that T3 achieved a 24-hour accumulated gas production of 86.9 mL DM-1, with in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and metabolisable energy (ME) of 82.9%, 43.7% and 5.8 MJ/kg DM, respectively. These findings suggest that Azolla filiculoides cultivation can be economically optimised using 1.00 g/L unprocessed sheep manure (fresh manure), potentially serving as a self-produced, nutritious feedstuff for ruminants.
Proline Priming Enhances Seed Vigour and Biochemical Attributes of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) during Germination
Authors: Cloee Kher Yan Kong  , Rattanak Sambath Lee  , Kamariah Hasan  , Clement Kiing Fook Wong  , Chui Yao Teh
Published: October 2024

Seed vigour is a desirable trait especially for direct seeded rice (DSR) cultivation. Seeds with high vigour could improve seed germination, support seedlings in competing with weeds for water and nutrients, and improving seedling establishment throughout the early stages of crop growth. The success of DSR system which account for more 25% of world cultivation areas is highly dependent on the seed vigour and seedling establishment. Seed priming is a promising technique to improve seed vigour. Proline is an amino acid that has been well studied for its roles in plants under different environmental stress conditions. Nevertheless, the effect of proline as a seed priming agent in improving seed vigour in rice remain elusive. In this research, the effect of 24 h of proline priming at various concentrations (0 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, 10 mM and 20 mM) on rice seed vigour, amylase activity, and total soluble sugar (TSS) content of a Malaysia indica rice variety, MR269 was investigated. Results showed that seeds primed with lower concentration of proline (0 mM, 1 mM and 2 mM) had better germination responses while priming at high concentrations (10 mM and 20 mM) reduced seed germination. Among the concentration tested, priming with 1 mM proline enhanced seed vigour with significantly higher germination percentage (GP), germination rate index (GRI) and seedling vigour index (SVI). In addition, proline primed seeds also exhibited increased amylase activity and TSS content as compared to unprimed seeds. However, priming seed with 20 mM proline was detrimental to the seed vigour and seedling growth whereby lower GP, GRI and SVI and higher mean germination time (MGT) were observed. In short, this study shows that proline could be a potential seed priming agent to improve seed vigour in rice.
The Attitudes and Self-Efficacy of English Department Students Towards the Use of Mobile Phones for Learning Language
Authors: Amir Verawati
Published: October 2024

This research aims to know the students’ attitudes and self-efficacy toward the use of mobile phones as a means of learning a language. Descriptive quantitative was used in this research to address the stated questions. Seventy-three samples were taken at the English Education Department by using a stratified random sampling technique. The instrument used was only a questionnaire with close-ended questions, which contained a 5-point scale. The researcher collected data using a questionnaire adapted and modified from previous studies. The researcher did a pilot study to try out a certain research instrument to check the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. After collecting the data, the data is analyzed using descriptive statistics. This research found that the students’ attitudes towards mobile phones as a means for learning a language were found with an overall percentage is 78.6%. The students’ self-efficacy was also reported as having an overall percentage of 80.9%. It summed up that students had positive attitudes toward the potential of mobile phones that help them keep great at solving problems faced in learning a language. Despite that, the high level of self-efficacy in utilizing mobile phones for learning purposes revealed that students could face any problem for learning the languages even had to use mobile phones
Çağdaş Türk Resmine Görsel Okuryazarlık Bağlamında Yöntembilimsel Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: Nezir Murat , Işık Mustafa
Published: October 2024

Görsel okuryazarlık, temelinde gündelik yaşamdan sosyal medyaya, grafik, şema ve tasarımlardan sanata kadar her türlü görüntünün öğrenilmesi, yorumlanması, açıklanması ve doğru biçimde aktarılması için imgeler, semboller, simgeler ve biçimlerle ilgilenen uzmanlık alanıdır. Diğer taraftan görsel okuryazarlık, endüstri ve teknolojiyle gelişen sosyal medya sisteminin oluşturduğu yeni görsel dilin hızla çoğalması sonucu ortaya çıkan görüntü enformasyonun öğrenilmesinde ve belirlenmesinde bir ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Görsel dili tanımlamak ve anlatımını sağlamak amacıyla kendini yapılandıran görsel okuryazarlık, bireyin yaşamında gördüğü her imgeye ya da nesnel iletilere karşı bir tür öğrenme, düşünme ve algılama modeli sunmaktadır. Sanat eserlerindeki sunulan görüntülere yönelikte bir algılama ve düşünme yöntemi geliştirmeye çalışan bu alan, sanatçının aktarmak istediği iletileri çok boyutlu disiplinlerden oluşan bir çözümleme getirmektedir. Dijital dünyanın hızlı bir şekilde gelişmesi bir dönüşüm çağının gereksinimini beraberinde getirerek, güçlü bir iletişimde görsel okuryazarlık önemli bir yer alacaktır. Bu çalışmada görsel okuryazarlık ve yöntembilimsel yaklaşım yöntemi ele alınmış ve Çağdaş Türk ressamlardan Fikret Otyam’ın eserlerinden örnek çözümlemeler yapılmıştır.
First-Trimester Threatened Abortion: Can Red Blood Cell Distribution Width-Standard Deviation Predict Miscarriage?
Authors: Karagun Sebnem , Dal Yusuf , Yildiz Hamza , Karaca Sefanur Gamze , Nessar Ahmet Zeki , Coşkun Ayhan
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to investigate the predictive value of red blood cell distribution width-standard deviation (RDW-SD) and another complete blood count (CBC) derived blood markers in patients presenting with threatened abortion concerning miscarriage.
STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cross-sectional study included a cohort of 222 women with threatened abortion in the first trimester. The study group consisted of 114 patients who underwent miscarriage, and the control group included 108 pregnant women who delivered at term. The prognostic potential of RDW-SD and other CBC indices, readily obtainable from blood counts at the presentation of threatened abortion, was examined in the context of miscarriage development. The predictive value was calculated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve.
RESULTS: The analysis revealed a statistically significant decline in RDW-SD within the miscarriage cohort compared to the control group. Notably, no statistically significant differences were identified in the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (DNLR), systemic inflammatory immune index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and delta neutrophil index (DNI).
CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that RDW-SD, as a novel inflammatory mediator may be a useful marker for miscarriage in first trimester bleeding. However, it should be noted that traditional CBC indices, including NLR, DNLR, SII, PLR, and DNI, were found to be unsuitable indicators for miscarriage in threatened abortion.
Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields affect the movement of magnetotactic cocci
Authors: de Melo Roger Duarte , Belova Natalia , Acosta-Avalos Daniel
Published: October 2024

Magnetotactic bacteria are microorganisms that swim following the geomagnetic field lines, because of an intracellular magnetic moment that aligns their body to the magnetic field lines. For that reason, these bacteria are appropriate for the study of microorganisms’ motion. The present paper studies the swimming trajectories of uncultured magnetotactic cocci under the effect of combined constant (DC) and alternating (AC) magnetic fields oscillating at frequencies that formally correspond to the cyclotron frequency for Ca2+, K+, Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions. The swimming trajectories were observed to be cylindrical helixes and their helix radiuses, frequencies, axial velocities and orientation angles of the trajectories relative to the constant magnetic field were determined. The orientation angles were used to calculate the magnetic to thermal energy ratio, which helps the study of the disorientating effect of the flagellar motion. Our results show that combined magnetic fields tuned to the resonance of Ca2+ ions affect all the trajectory parameters. Frequencies associated to Ca2+ and K+ do not affect the bacterial swimming direction relative to the magnetic field direction. On the other hand, frequencies associated to Fe2+ and Fe3+ do change the bacterial swimming direction relative to the magnetic field direction, which means that those frequencies affect the flagellar function. These results show indirect evidence of the action of calcium binding proteins in the motility of magnetotactic cocci.
Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Mirror Therapy for Rehabilitation of Spastic Quadriplegic Cerebral Palsy-A Pilot Study
Authors: Waqas Shoaib , Ahmad Ashfaq , Goulardins Juliana Barbosa , Hanif Asif , Tariq Muhammad , Niamat Atiqa
Published: October 2024

Background: Advancements in medical science, including Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Mirror Therapy (MT), are being utilized to treat Cerebral Palsy (CP), a non-progressive condition that impacts neuromuscular development.
Objective: To compare the effects of tDCS and MT for rehabilitation of spastic quadriplegic CP
Methods: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial was conducted at the Department of Physical Therapy, Ghurki Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Thirty CP patients were randomly assigned by sealed envelopes to three equal groups: Group A (tDCS, MT), and Routine Physical Therapy (RPT)), Group B (tDCS and RPT), and Group C (MT and RPT). Participants underwent tDCS with MT for 30 minutes per session, five times weekly for two weeks. RPT was also provided for 20 minutes per session, five times weekly for 10 weeks. Motor Development (MD) was assessed using the Shoaib Sensorimotor Development Tool (SMDT), Motor Control (MC) by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (UE, LE), and Muscle Performance (MP) by isokinetic dynamometer at baseline, after two weeks, and after ten weeks of follow-up.
Results: Group A demonstrated a more significant impact on rehabilitation in terms of motor development, motor control, and muscle performance compared to Groups B and C, based on mean comparisons after two and ten weeks. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in MD (P = 0.01), MC (P = 0.02), and MP (P = 0.04).
Conclusion: Transcranial direct current stimulation, either alone or in combination, has a more consistent impact on the rehabilitation of spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy patients.
Trial Registration: Registered in Iranian registry on 26-01-2024 (IRCT20231227060542N1) https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/
Unveiling the Digital Deficit: Assessing Computer Literacy among Medical and Dental Students at a Private Institution of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Arshad Noor ul Ain , Fatima Fakhir , Zafar Mavrah , Arshad Vaneeza , Waheed Gulfreen
Published: October 2024

Background: This study explores the level of computer literacy among medical and dental students at a private institution in Pakistan.
Objective: To identify the discrepancies and address the need for technological proficiency in modern healthcare education.
Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study involving 400 randomly sampled participants. The questionnaires consisted of demographic information, computer accessibility, and a pre-validated questionnaire to assess computer literacy, which comprised 24 items across six divisions. The data were gathered and analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: Results showed that while computer accessibility was high (84.5%), its primary use was personal, with limited application for academic purposes. Familiarity was highest with Microsoft Word (48.3%), contrasting with lower proficiency in Microsoft Excel (30%). Limited understanding of computer hardware (31.3%) was noted, reflecting a potential gap in computer literacy skills. The study identified a strong association between early computer access and prior education with current computer literacy. Deficiencies in computer literacy were highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic, where inadequate skills hindered the abrupt shift to online learning. The study emphasizes the necessity for integrating computer literacy into medical education curricula, promoting structured training, and fostering the medical faculty.
Conclusion: The findings reflect limitations in computer literacy among medical and dental students. We explored the challenges and barriers and suggested strategies for improvement to prepare future healthcare professionals for the challenges of modern healthcare.
Managing organic pollutant loads in the Lower Cileungsi River, Indonesia
Authors: Alfrianti Desty , Sudradjat Arief
Published: October 2024

The regency of Bogor has become the regency with the highest population in Indonesia. The regency's 5.4 million population has been driving increased pollutant buildup in areas like those around the Lower Cileungsi watershed, impacting the quality of the river. This study aims to provide input on pollution control strategies in the Lower Cileungsi River based on the load capacity of pollutants from point and non-point sources. This study modeled total potential organic pollutant loads with existing and critical water flows. Organic pollutant load reductions were also simulated to meet the river water quality standard stipulated by Indonesian Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021 for the river. Monitoring data showed that biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations in the river did not meet the standard, placing the river water quality status as slightly polluted with an average pollution index value of 2.57. The total potential BOD load from all sectors was 32,851.65 kg/day, exceeding the river's capacity by 21,785.6 kg/day. The modeling suggested reductions in BOD load by 87% for industries, 90% for lake outlets, 60% for domestic, and 20% for agriculture. No BOD reduction is required in the livestock sector.
Study on Echocardiographic Parameters of Left Ventricular Dysfunction Before and After Initiation of Maintenance Hemodialysis in End-stage Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Auradkar Anagha , Suresh Sandhya , Elumalai Ramprasad , Sekar Manikantan , Matcha Jayakumar , A Hemalatha
Published: October 2024

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue, resulting in approximately one million fatalities annually. Cardiovascular complications continue to be a significant contributor to mortality, and this was a study conducted to assess the changes and risk reduction of cardiovascular complications after initiating maintenance hemodialysis.

Objective of the Study

To study echocardiographic changes before and after initiation of dialysis in ESKD patients with a simple non-invasive bedside assessment of 2D Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE).

Methodology

It was a cross-sectional observational study. All the patients included in the study either attended the out-patient department or were admitted at Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and research, over a period of 3 months. The study included patients aged >18 years who had given written consent and fulfilled the KDIGO (Kidney diseases improving global outcomes) criteria of CKD stage 5 requiring hemodialysis initiation.

Results

A total number of 57 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 46 ± 10 years. Among co-morbidities, 53 patients (93%) were hypertensive and 44 patients (77.2%) also had diabetes mellitus. The mean LVIDs (Left ventricular end-systolic diameter) was 32±3mm (pre-HD initiation) as compared to 31±3.3mm 3 months post-HD(hemodialysis) initiation. The mean EF (ejection fraction) pre-HD was 42% and 48% after 3 months of HD.

Conclusion

We advocate for a two-fold approach. Firstly, we recommend that all end-stage renal disease patients undergo an echocardiogram screening before commencing dialysis. Secondly, we propose that these patients should be re-evaluated after receiving adequate hemodialysis.
Personal and Environmental Hygiene Practices of Mothers in Selected Primary Health Centers in Ekiti State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Esan Deborah Tolulope , Owoeye Isaiah Dada , Adesuyi Emmanuel Olumide , Sokan-Adeaga Adewale Allen , Dosumu Taiwo Omotayo , Monye Joy , Akingbade Oluwadamilare , Ajiboye Yinka , Ramos Carlos Guillermo
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Maintaining personal and environmental hygiene is crucial for preventing infections, such as diarrhea, among children under five years of age. This study has assessed the personal and environmental hygiene practices of mothers attending primary health centers in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed to evaluate the hygiene practices of mothers attending baby wellness clinics. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and a checklist. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, presented in tables and charts.

Results

The findings revealed that 60.3% of respondents consistently washed their hands with soap and water before feeding their children, while 60.9% only occasionally washed their hands after using the toilet. The majority (78.8%) of breastfeeding mothers reported washing their brassieres weekly. In terms of environmental hygiene, 71.52% of respondents cleaned their surroundings daily, though 24.51% still disposed of their waste by the roadside. Overall, the hygiene level of mothers was low, with an average index value of 0.5428.

Conclusion

The study has found poor hand hygiene practices to be prevalent among the mothers surveyed. There is a need for increased health education and public awareness campaigns focusing on personal and environmental hygiene practices.
Translation and Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of the Questionnaire of Factors Affecting the Use of Clinical Guidelines from the Physicians' Point of View
Authors: Tabatabaee Seyed Saeed , Jamali Jamshid , Moghri Javad , Hooshmand Elaheh , Foji Samira , Sanaeifar Elyas , Amiri Parasto , Raesi Rasoul , Vejdani Marjan
Published: October 2024

Background

The use of clinical guidelines by physicians is crucial for improving the quality of health services. However, there is a lack of appropriate and comprehensive tools in this field.

Objective

This study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of a questionnaire.

Methods

Permission was obtained from the designers of the questionnaire on factors influencing the use of clinical guidelines from physicians' perspectives. The tool was translated into Persian using the translation-re-translation method. The validity was assessed by 10 specialists and 10 physicians. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, and stability was assessed by retesting and calculating the intracluster correlation coefficient.

Results

The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of all questionnaire items exceeded acceptable levels. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.77, and the intracluster correlation coefficient was 0.98, indicating good reliability. The test-retest intracluster correlation coefficient was 0.71.

Conclusion

The questionnaire on factors influencing the use of clinical guidelines from physicians' perspectives demonstrated adequate validity and reliability. It can be used as an effective tool to assess factors influencing the use of clinical guidelines.
Risk Analysis of Substation Electrical Project
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, State University of Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Al Aslamiyah Suwaibah , Hajji Apif Miptahul ,   Department of Civil Engineering, State University of Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Alfianto Imam ,   Department of Civil Engineering, State University of Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

The electricity infrastructure project is a complex construction project with many types, activities, and synergies from internal and external stakeholders. The Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) 150kV of Gunungsari is a substation electrical construction project with delays in its construction process. The emergency of delays due to project risks that are not handled properly during the completion process and potentially create new risks. This study aims to identify the risks of project delays and determine effective risk treatment. The risk management process carried out in this study refers to ISO 31000:2018, which starts by defining the scope, context, and risk criteria, then continues with risk assessment, including risk identification, risk analysis, and risk evaluation, and then continues by determining risk treatment. Risk identification was obtained through literature study and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with expert judgment involved in the project. The risk analysis results using the risk matrix obtained the most dominant risks, such as delays in project handover and additional item construction. The major risks included are those that require risk treatment to reduce the level of risk.
Importance Factor Analysis of Quality Assurance for Contractor Competitiveness
Authors:   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145, Indonesia, Putri Mega Dewi Ashari , Devia Yatnanta Padma ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145, Indonesia, Anwar M. Ruslin ,   Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

Population growth led to massive construction development, with increasing demand every year. One of those demands is housing construction. The high demand for this house has led to the emergence of new contractors on a local scale, with products and services of unstable quality. Hence, the contractors need to be more competitive in the industry. This research aims to identify and analyze the important factors influencing quality assurance (QA) and the competitiveness of local contractors in housing construction projects. The analysis is grounded in three primary frameworks: ISO 9001:2015 (Quality Management Systems), PMBOK 6th Edition (Project Management Body of Knowledge), and Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing Regulation No. 4 of 2009. The research design used statistical analysis, Relative Importance Index (RII), and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify key factors. Research findings indicate that leadership commitment, project resources, and quality documentation are the three most critical factors. Regardless of the identified critical factors, all factors contribute to a significant influence on successful performance. The proposed strategic approach involves sequentially improving the "quality of work output," followed by "customer retention" and "project cycle efficiency." These findings can serve as a guideline for contractors in making decisions to enhance their competitiveness.
Application of the Schlumberger Configuration Geoelectric Method to Identify the Distribution of Aquifers in Klampok Village, Singosari Sub-District, Malang Regency
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering and Planning, State University of Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Al Qadri R Muh. Aimar , Dewi Vita Ayu Kusuma ,   Department of Civil Engineering and Planning, State University of Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Al Ansyorie Mohammad Musthofa ,   Department of Civil Engineering and Planning, State University of Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

Water demand always increases rapidly, which is in line with the increase in population over time. One alternative for providing fresh water is groundwater usage. Klampok Village is one village affected by freshwater problems, especially during the dry season. The current solution in the form of water supply from the government is still insufficient to meet the water needs of residents, most of whom work in the agricultural and plantation sectors. This problem can be overcome by searching for new groundwater locations using geoelectric methods. The geoelectric method utilized the Schlumberger configuration and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) to conduct a field test. Field test results were then processed using IPI2Win. The Root-Mean-Square (RMS) result was 1.94% by identifying eight layers. The research finding is resistivity values of 11.38 - 2167 with a depth of 100 meters.
The Experimental Test of Radial PE-Reinforced Polymer Pipe Under Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Krisnawan Bagus , Arifi Eva ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia, Setyowulan Desy ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

The resistance of thermoset polymer pipes to compressive forces is a concern in the reliability of piping infrastructure. To maintain the reliability of these piping systems, it is imperative to understand and improve the resistance of pipes. The use of polyethylene (PE) rope as Reinforce Polymer Pipe (RPP) composite material was tested with Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure to determine the stress-strain distribution as well as the durability of its mechanical properties. This study used 4mm diameter polyethylene rope arranged radially coiled inside a 40cm diameter polymer pipe with a thickness of 1cm using a mixture of Unsaturated Polyester Resin (UPR), fly ash, sand, catalys and cobalt. The test results show that the composite material has strong mechanical properties and is resistant to hydraulic compressive forces with an average deformation of 8.2 mm with an average maximum load of 33.57kN with the polymer experiencing cracks and damage but the polyethylene rope remains in good condition and has good ductile or elastic properties against compression without significant damage. The highest positive mean strain value of 0.4. The graph displays strain values that are continuously positive up to 50-100 seconds and then drop to negative values quickly indicating that the polymer pipe provides good resistance at the beginning of 50-100 seconds and then experiences damage but the pipe can still return to its original shape with damage to the polymer having an average maximum stress value of 5.23 Mpa with an average duration of 266 seconds while the lowest stress value is 3.34 Mpa.
Artificial Life in Integrated Interactive Sonification and Visualisation: Initial Experiments with a Python-Based Workflow
Authors: Armitage Jack , Crozzoli Miguel , Jones Daniel
Published: October 2024

Multimodal displays that combine interaction, sonification, visu- alisation and perhaps other modalities, are seeing increased interest from researchers seeking to take advantage of cross-modal perception, by increasing display bandwidth and expanding affordances. To support researchers and designers, many new tools are being proposed that aim to consolidate these broad feature sets into Python libraries, due to Python’s extensive ecosystem that in particular encompasses the domain of artificial intelligence (AI). Artificial life (ALife) is a domain of AI that is seeing renewed interest, and in this work we share initial experiments exploring its potential in interactive sonification, through the combination of two new Python libraries, Tölvera and SignalFlow. Tölvera is a library for composing self-organising systems, with integrated open sound control, interactive machine learning, and computer vision, and SignalFlow is a sound synthesis framework that enables real-time interaction with an audio signal processing graph via standard Python syntax and data types. We demonstrate how these two tools integrate, and the first author reports on usage in creative coding and artistic performance. So far we have found it useful to consider ALife as affording synthetic behaviour as a display modality, making use of human perception of complex, collective and emergent dynamics. In addition, we think ALife also implies a broader perspective on interaction in multimodal display, blurring the lines between data, agent and observer. Based on our experiences, we offer possible future research directions for tool designers and researchers.
Birdsongification: Contextual and Complementary Sonification for Biology Visualization
Authors: Elmquist Elias , Ejdbo Malin , Bock Alexander , Thaler David S. , Ynnerman Anders , Rönnberg Niklas
Published: October 2024

Choosing whether to represent data in an abstract or concrete manner through sonification is generally dependent on the applicability of the dataset and personal preference of the designer. For supporting a visualization with a high level of abstraction, a sonification can purposefully act as a complement by giving concrete contextual cues to the data representation with the use of auditory icons. This paper presents a case study of using bird songs as auditory icons to give context to a biology visualization, and explores how additional information of the bird species can be conveyed together with the auditory icons with parameter mapping sonification. The auditory icons are used as a foundation to convey additional information of the dataset, either by creating a parametric auditory icon, or by adding an additional sonification that accompanies the auditory icon. A user evaluation was conducted to validate and compare the different sonification mappings. The results show that there is a subjective difference of how participants perceived the sonifications, where the participants preferred sonifications that had a concrete mapping design. The sonification approaches that are explored in this study have the potential to be applied to more general sonification designs.
Corot Light Curve Ambsonics/Binaural Sonification
Authors: Riber Adrián García , Serradilla Francisco
Published: October 2024

This work describes the design and implementation strategies used in the development of an interactive spatialized multimodal display for the exploration of the light curves from the Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits (CoRoT) archive from the Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale (IAS). The application displays the representations in a user-selectable Ambisonics or Binaural configuration based on the actual coordinates of the objects. Each sonification is based on a symbolic spectral-type to musical-note mapping strategy, providing musical aesthetics and auditory spectral differentiation capability. The UI shows the footprint of 474 objects from the CoRoT N2 legacy data release and a sequential representation of its light curves. It is designed to be used in outreach activities and archival accessibility improvement. The work includes a user study with 40 participants experienced and non-experienced in Astronomy and Music, that analyzes the usefulness of the proposal for auditory stellar spectra classification with the support of training videos. Although the results should be considered indicative, they suggest that non-experienced participants can retrieve useful information through sound to complete the task with an average success rate around 0.47, while experienced participants do it with an average success rate around 0.72.
Spin-Wave Voices: Sonification of Nanoscale Spin Waves as an Engagement and Research Tool
Authors: Pile Santa , Lesota Oleg , Peter Silvan David , Humer Christina , Di Gasser Martin
Published: October 2024

Magnonics is an emerging research field that addresses the use of spin waves (magnons), purely magnetic waves, for information transport and processing. Spin waves are a potential replacement for electric current in novel computational devices that would make them more compact and energy effcient. The field is yet little known, even among physicists. Additionally, with the development of new measuring techniques and computational physics, the obtained magnetic data becomes more complex, in some cases including 3D vector fields and time-resolution. This work presents an approach to the audio-visual representation of the spin waves and discusses its use as a tool for science communication exhibits and possible data analysis tool. The work also details an instance of such an exhibit presented at the annual international digital art exhibition Ars Electronica Festival in 2022.
Exploring Spatialization: A Method for Subjective Assessment of Soundscape Preference Using Immersive Environments
Authors: Bem Milena Jonas , Chabot Samuel , Braasch Jonas
Published: October 2024

This research explores the application of immersive environments, like the Panorama Screen System, for perception and psychoacoustic experiments. A system is developed to present architectural scenarios visually and sonically by using panoramic images combined with spatialized sound. These audiovisual results are displayed on a human-scale panoramic display, which is integrated with eight loudspeakers for spatial audio rendering. While immersed in this system, participants use a wireless interface as a controller to interact with the experiment and give subjective ratings for their preferences and perceptions of these scenarios. The findings show consistent patterns in preferences across different spatialized soundscapes, indicating the effectiveness of this method and the potential of immersive environments for gathering subjective assessments. This research demonstrates the practical use of spatialization techniques and how they can enhance immersion and facilitate the communication of sonic environments.