bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Switchable multifunctional modulator realized by the stacked graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterial unit cells
Authors: Ma Yu , Zhang Tao , Mao MingYu , Zhang Dan , Zhang Haifeng
Published: December 2020

A tunable multifunctional modulator of the stacked graphene-based hyperbolic metamaterial (HM) cells is proposed. The dielectric constant and group index of HM are theoretically investigated. The calculated results show that, for the cell structure, a transmission window in the reflection zone (TWRZ) can be obtained at the normal incidence, but all reflections are converted to the transmission when the incident angle is near 82°. Concurrently, a single frequency absorption in the transmission zone (SFATZ) is realized, which can be adjusted by the chemical potential of graphene. For the whole structure composed of cell structures with different chemical potentials, the ultra-wideband absorption and transmission window in the absorption zone (TWAZ) can be achieved, which can work in different frequency bands if the given structural parameters can be tailored. Those computed results can apply for switchable frequency-dependent and angle-dependent reflection-transmission modulations, single frequency and ultra-wideband absorbers, and a logic switch based on the TWAZ.
Bamboo-like microfiber structures fabricated by one-step-tapering a fiber preform
Authors: Zhi Yanyan , Liu Zixuan , Wang Lanlan , Liu Peiyuan , Li Yuanpeng , Li Jie , Liang Hao , Guan Bai-Ou
Published: December 2020

The microfiber-based optical structures have been attracting increasing
research interests in communications and sensing fields. However, the
fabrication of forming structures on fragile microfibers requires
delicate operations, which limits the developments of their practical
applications. In this work, a one-step-tapering technique is proposed
to manufacture structures on microfibers. As a demonstration, the
fiber preform, consisting of sawtooth shaped solid-air interfaces with
designed dimensions, is obtained using a femtosecond laser milling
technique. By one-step tapering the preform, periodic bumps are
formed, resulting in a bamboo-like microfiber device. The fabricated
structure shows spectral characteristics of a long-period grating, of
which extinction ratio is up to 18.2 dB around 1553.3 nm. The response
to refractive index is measured to be ∼875.02 nm/RIU and the
temperature coefficient is ∼5.78 pm/°C. The theoretical
analysis shows good agreement with the experimental results. The
microfiber-based structure fabricated using the
one-step-tapering-preform technique is featured with flexibility of
design, reproducibility, and structural stability.
Ultra-sensitive phase measurement based on an SU(1,1) interferometer employing external resources and substract intensity detection
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Yuanxiang , Zhang Mingming , Wang Jinwen , Wei Dong , Gao Hong
Published: December 2020

A new scheme has been proposed to realize the enhancement of phase sensitivity based on an SU(1,1) interferometer. Compared with the classical Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the SU(1,1) interferometer is splitted and recombined by an optical parametric amplifier and the phase sensitivity can beat shot noise limit by adjusting the parametric strength. In this model, the inputs of the SU(1,1) interferometer are bright entangled twin beams generated from four wave mixing and the detection method is substract intensity difference with one of the twin beams entering into the interferometer. The detection efficiency of the detector is taken into consideration. This scheme also proves that when one of the inputs of an SU(1,1) interferometer is an vacuum beam, the phase sensitivity can beat shot noise limit by employing substract intensity detection and external resources.
Simultaneous generation and real-time observation of loosely bound solitons and noise-like pulses in a dispersion-managed fiber laser with net-normal dispersion
Authors: Wang Zhenhong , Ma Chunyang , Song Yufeng , Liu Jun , Zhu Haiyong , Duan Yanmin , Zhang Han
Published: December 2020

We demonstrate the coexisting dynamics of loosely bound solitons and noise-like pulses (NLPs) in a passively mode-locked fiber laser with net-normal dispersion. The total pulse number of the single soliton bunch under the NLP operation regime almost increases linearly with increasing pump power, whereas the average pulse spacing decreases accordingly. Furthermore, pulse-to-pulse separation between adjacent soliton pulses in one soliton bunch keeps in the range of hundreds of picoseconds, which decreases from left to right with the change of time. Besides, the real-time observation has been performed by utilizing the time-stretch method, showing that each one of the loosely bound solitons on the NLP operation is actually composed of chaotic wave packets with random intensities. These findings obtained will facilitate the in-depth understanding of nonlinear pulse behaviors in ultrafast optics.
Central office foci and principal data use: A comparative study of equity-focused practice in six districts
Authors: Roegman Rachel
Published: December 2020

In this comparative study, I examine principal data use in two sets of districts. One set of three districts has a district-wide focus on using data to improve instruction, and the other set, also with three districts, has a district-wide focus on analyzing disaggregated data by student demographic groups. Data sources include interviews with principals in each set (18 from data-focused districts, and 9 from disaggregation-focused districts), and analysis focuses on ways that they talk about analyzing data in relation to district expectations and equity. Findings showed that each set of principals shared a different approach to data, either performance-focused or demographic-focused, suggesting the central role of the district in guiding how data are used at the building level. I conclude with implications for practice, policy, and research.
Empresas sociais e a privatização de novo tipo da educação básica: Um estudo sobre a relação público-privada em cidades de Minas Gerais-Brasil
Authors: Martins André Silva , Souza Camila Azevedo , Pina Leonardo Docena
Published: December 2020

O texto apresenta o resultado da investigação sobre as chamadas parcerias público-privadas na educação básica do Brasil. Analisamos como se processa a relação entre poder Executivo municipal e organizações privadas na oferta da educação pública em municípios de Minas Gerais. Investigamos municípios polos de mesorregiões do estado: Uberlândia, Governador Valadares, Juiz de Fora e São João del-Rei. Adotamos como base epistêmica o materialismo histórico-dialético e como metodologia a análise documental. Constituímos corpus empírico com documentos da aparelhagem estatal e das organizações da sociedade civil contratadas por entes públicos. Constatamos que a educação infantil é a etapa em que o processo de privatização de novo tipo está mais avançado. Somente um dos municípios apresentou iniciativa de privatização de novo tipo no ensino fundamental. Identificamos que: (i) as relações público-privadas são a expressão da privatização de novo tipo da educação; (ii) os mecanismos de gestão seguem preceitos da administração pública gerencial; (iii) as organizações contratadas pelo poder público foram refuncionalizadas por preceitos gerencialistas como empresas sociais. Concluímos que a nova relação público-privada ressignifica a ideia de espaço público, desestabiliza a gestão democrática, atualiza a divisão de trabalho na educação entre setor público e organizações privadas e fragiliza o direito à educação pública.
Competitive and Complementary Relations in International Travel: The Case of British Travel to Cyprus
Authors:   Fairleigh Dickinson University, Anastasopoulos Petros
Published: December 2020

This is an econometric analysis of demand for travel to Cyprus by Britons. We examined the competitive and complementary relations between travel to Cyprus and other well-established travel destinations in the Mediterranean basin. Because many package tours include several countries in their destinations within a given journey, and because individual travelers find it more advantageous to visit more than one country in a single trip, it may be meaningful to examine international travel within the contest of groups of countries rather than a single country competing for international travelers. Specifically, we provide an analysis of the competitive and complementary relations existing between the tourism sectors of Cyprus and that of Greece, Spain and Portugal for British travelers. We provide estimates of income and relative price elasticities based of export demand equations upon annual data from 1980-2016. We tested for the stationarity of the variables and derived estimates of the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). These tests confirm a strong association between the incomes of Britons and their decision to travel to Cyprus. Furthermore, we show the relative prices between Cyprus and other competing destinations in the Mediterranean to play an important role in determining British travel to Cyprus.
Science of Ahangyol and Its Importance for Modern Scientific Thought
Authors:   Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Gashamoglu Ahmad
Published: December 2020

The Article briefly discusses the need for generation of the Science of Ahangyol, and this science’s scientific basis, object and subject, category system, scientific research methods and application options. Ahangyol is a universal science and may be useful in any sphere. It may assist in problem solving in peacemaking process and in many areas such as ecology, economics, politics, culture, management and etc. This science stipulates that any activity and any decision made in the life may only and solely be successful when they comply with harmony principles more, which are the principles of existence and activity of the world. A right strategic approach of the Eastern Philosophy and the Middle Age Islamic Philosophy and scientific thought has an important potential. This strategic approach creates opportunities to also consider irrational factors in addition to rational ones comprehensively in scientific researches. The modern scientific thought contributes to implementation of these opportunities. Ahangyol is a science of determination of ways to achieve harmony in any sphere and of creation of special methods to make progress in these ways through assistance of the modern science. Methods of the System Theory, Mathematics, IT, Astronomy, Physics, Biology, Sociology, Statistics and etc. are more extensively applied. Information is given on some of these methods. Moreover, the Science of Ahangyol, which is a new philosophical worldview and a new paradigm contributes to clarification of metaphysic views considerably and discovery of the scientific potential of religious books.
Can Bitcoin be the Future of Digital Payments?
Authors:   Pearson College London, Valente Andrea , Atkinson David ,   University of Keele
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to investigate the conditions in which Bitcoin has developed as a leading cryptocurrency and, according to Nakamoto (2008), could become an instrument for everyday payments around the world. In comparison to other digital payment solutions, Bitcoin is based on a peer-to-peer electronic cash system using “the blockchain”. This innovative technology allows for decentralised storage and movement of currency in a fully anonymous way, introducing advantageous methods for encrypted security and faster transactions (Hagiu & Beach, 2014). Scepticism regards Bitcoin’s foundation, energy consumption and price volatility, however, did not take long to arise (Holthaus, 2017). Ten years from its white paper release, Bitcoin is further supported by the same drivers which could sustain its growth as the future of digital payments (Russo, 2018). In order to investigate the key drivers and feasibility of acceptance, a London based survey was used to understand the desirability of Bitcoin as a day-to-day tool for digital payments. Additionally, this research analysed Bitcoin’s stakeholders and forecast drivers of sustainability for its application to become the future of the payment industry. A space which relies on policies that involve multiple layers of society, governments, regulators and tech-firms, all on a global scale. The findings confirmed how the increasing lack of trust of political and financial institutions, coupled with the increasing cases of data-breaches by tech-firms, encouraged over 70% of respondents to consider more decentralised and anonymous methods for their day-to-day actions; like payments. Policy makers need to cope with societies increasingly separating politically but gathering together digitally (LBS, 2017). For Bitcoin to truly establish itself as a global digital payment solution, key stakeholder acceptance must converge alongside the introduction of more robust regulation.
The Impact of the Industrial Policies Adopted in the Seventeenth Italian Legislature (2013-2018)
Authors:   University of Rome, Gallo Riccardo
Published: December 2020

This paper offers an analysis of the main industrial policy measures adopted by the three Italian governments following each other on from 2013. The first focused its industrial policy on boosting the creation of innovative start-ups and fostering small-scale enterprises in order to acquire new equipment. The second of these governments stimulated public aggregate demand and passed the reform known as the Jobs Act (2014). The industry’s capacity utilization rate rose in 2016, as did the value added of the companies to their net revenues. In 2017, the third government initiated a project aimed at driving the Italian economy into the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Up to now there have indeed been positive signals from the viewpoint of capital expenditure on plants and equipment, but not yet from that of knowledge and training for new jobs.
Solidarity Economy Versus Neoliberalism? Microcredit in Rural Bangladesh
Authors:   Nagoya University, Sugie Ai
Published: December 2020

Solidarity economy theory has challenged the ideology and agenda of neoliberalism since the 1980s. However, are the two theories always opposed? For example, microcredit is often assessed positively as a practice of solidarity economy because it targets beneficiaries who are generally excluded or marginalised from a traditional financial infrastructure and enhances solidarity and reciprocity between people. However, other researchers have criticised it as an instrument for promoting and sustaining neoliberal politico-economic restructuring. This paper examines whether microcredit is part of solidarity economy or neoliberalism, using concrete examples of microcredit operations in rural Bangladesh. The following two questions will be addressed, as the tenets and effects of microcredit are judged, as supporting solidarity economy or neoliberalism. (i) Are microcredit services largely provided to economically or/and socially disadvantaged people? (ii) What relationships are built in local society, including microfinance institutions, through microcredit? This paper addresses these questions in field-based micro-level case studies and field data. In this examination, the paper will demonstrate and discuss articulation of the solidarity economy and neoliberalism, as well as how the effects of microcredit can be enhanced as a part of the solidarity economy instead of being an item on the neoliberal agenda.
Prediction of Technical Reserves Based on Grey Model — GM(1,1): Evidence from Non-life Egyptian Insurance Market
Authors:   Cairo University, Elsayed Mahmoud , Soliman Amr ,   Cairo University
Published: December 2020

Grey system theory is a mathematical technique used to predict data with known and unknown characteristics. The aim of our research is to forecast the future amount of technical reserves (outstanding claims reserve, loss ratio fluctuations reserve and unearned premiums reserve) up to 2029/2030. This study applies the Grey Model GM(1,1) using data obtained from the Egyptian Financial Supervisory Authority (EFSA) over the period from 2005/2006 to 2015/2016 for non-life Egyptian insurance market. We found that the predicted amounts of outstanding claims reserve and loss ratio fluctuations reserve are highly significant than the unearned premiums reserve according to the value of Posterior Error Ratio (PER).
Determinants of Brazilian Exports by Levels of Technological Intensity: A Gravity Model Analysis Using the PPML Estimator
Authors:   Federal University of Goiás, Vieira Edson Roberto , Reis Daniel Henrique Alves ,   Federal University of Goiás
Published: December 2020

The objective of this study is to analyze the determinants of Brazilian exports by levels of technological intensity in the period 2000-2015. Gravity models were estimated for total of the exports and for each type of exports by levels of technological intensity, using the PPML-estimator. The study indicates that there is a process of concentration of Brazilian exports in low technology and medium-low technology products, at the same period in which China's share of total Brazilian shipments abroad grew. Estimates of empirical gravity models have shown that the income and size of the consumer market of Brazil’s trading partners seem to have the greatest positive influence on the Brazilian exports. Indications of this study are that the Brazil should continue to diversify its trading partners to minimize the impacts of a possible reduction of the economic growth of large trading partners (such as China and the US) on its exports and increase its exports of products with greater technological intensity. The results also highlight the need for Brazil to make greater efforts to increase its competitiveness in the international market to reduce the negative impacts of transport costs on the final prices of products exported by the country.
Bühlmann & Bühlmann-Straub Credibility for Extreme Claims Applied on Non-Life Egyptian Insurance Market: An Actuarial Approach
Authors:   Cairo University, Elsayed Mahmoud , Soliman Amr ,   Cairo University
Published: December 2020

Credibility theory is an actuarial approach used to calculate the short term insurance premiums. The aim of this article is to calculate the credibility premium based on real data from non-life Egyptian insurance industry during 10 years period (2006 to 2015), taking into consideration the amount of incurred claims from six insurance branches and the number of extreme losses in each branch. The analysis was based on the assumptions of Bühlmann and Bühlmann-Straub credibility models in order to estimate the net credible premium for the upcoming year as a linear function of the prior claims and the number of extreme events.
The Political Business Cycle in Asian Countries
Authors:   National Cheng Kung University, Hung Ling-Chun
Published: December 2020

The political business cycle (PBC) theory argues that an incumbent party tends to use government resources to impress voters, so government spending always rises before but declines after an election. Many PBC studies have been done for an individual country or cross-countries, but the results are conflicting. The purpose of this paper is to explore possible fluctuating patterns of government spending in response to political elections in Asian countries because of a lack of studies across this region. In this study, data on 219 elections in 26 countries from 1990 to 2014 are collected. There are two main findings: firstly, government spending falls the year after elections in Asian countries; secondly, the degree of democracy and transparency have impacts on government spending in Asian countries.
Collaboration with JINR as Key for Nuclear Physics Development in Ukraine
Authors:   Institute for Scintillation Materials, NAS of Ukraine, Gryniov B.V. , Bulavin L.A. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Soloviov D.V. ,   Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Stadnyk P.O. ,   Institute for Scintillation Materials, NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Today, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) is a kind of scientific and technical framework for Ukrainian nuclear researchers who are directly involved in conducting the cutting-edge nuclear physics experiments. Problem Statement. An important aspect of international cooperation for the Ukrainian researchers in the field of nuclear physics and materials science is to consolidate scholarly research, engineering, and financial resources of countries for creating international research organizations and implementing large-scale projects in modern science and technology. Purpose. Analysis of the factors that contribute to the development of nuclear physics and research in related disciplines in Ukraine, involvement of Ukrainian researchers in international research processes, and assessment of the future prospects. Materials and Methods. Analysis of scholarly research trends in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) and review of achievements of Ukrainian researchers, in particular, young researchers, in implementation of international projects in nuclear physics and related disciplines. Results. The background of nuclear physics research in Ukraine, the way of international cooperation development, and its impact on education and training of researchers have been analyzed. The examples of research results of Ukrainian nuclear physicists have been given. The cooperation of Ukrainian R&D organizations and companies with JINR has been shown to have a positive effect on creative and innovative processes, including the development and study of new high-tech materials. Conclusions. Collaboration with JINR gives Ukrainian researchers access to modern methods of physical research and unique equipment at leading international R&D centers, while planning and implementing large-scale experiments in nuclear physics, and enables studying the problems of the Universe. Teachers, students, and schoolchildren from Ukraine have additional opportunities to work with the cutting-edge methods, modern equipment and innovative approaches in the field of science and technology.
Prospect of Judicial Preview in the Constitutional Court Based on the Construction of Constitutional Law
Authors: Akmal Diya Ul , Muin Fatkhul , Karsa Pipih Ludia
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Constitutional Court is a state institution that has the authority to reviewing laws against the Constitution (Judicial Review). Several times in issuing its decisions, the Constitutional Court has acted as a Positive Legislator. The potential for a legal vacuum as the implication of revoking a law is large. and also the slow formation of laws by the legislative body (DPR) and the lack of quality of regulations. The current law making does not pay attention to legal ideals based on Pancasila so that the resulting legal products lose their meaning. This has resulted in many people whose constitutional rights have been violated. The state should be present to give full constitutional rights to its citizens. The Constitutional Court needs an additional authority to maintain the supremacy of the constitution. additional authority as a preventive mechanism is Judicial Preview. The French state places Judicial Preview as an authority of the Constitutional Council. Austria and Germany apply Judicial Preview as a preventive measure for losses that can occur if the Draft Law is passed. A renewal of the Constitutional Law to perfect existing ones makes the prospect of Judicial Preview in Indonesia an Urgency for immediate implementation.Keywords: Constitutional Court, Authority, Judicial Preview AbstrakMahkamah Konstitusi merupakan lembaga negara yang memiliki kewenangan pengujian Undang-Undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar (Judicial Review). Dalam mengeluarkan putusannya Mahkamah Konstitusi beberapa kali bertindak sebagai Positif Legislator. Potensi terjadinya kekosongan hukum sebagai implikasi dicabutnya suatu Undang-Undang sangatlah besar. Ditambah dengan lambatnya pembentukan Undang-Undang oleh lembaga legislatif (DPR) serta kualitas peraturan yang kurang. Pembuatan Undang-Undang saat ini tidak memperhatikan cita hukum yang berakar pada Pancasila sehingga produk hukum yang dihasilkan kehilangan maknanya. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyak masyarakat yang dilanggar hak konstitusionalnya. Negara seharusnya hadir untuk memberikan hak konstitusional secara penuh kepada warga negaranya. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut maka Mahkamah Konstitusi membutuhkan suatu kewenangan tambahan untuk menjaga tegaknya supremasi konstitusi. Kewenangan tambahan sebagai mekanisme preventif tersebut berupa Pengujian Rancangan Undang-Undang (Judicial Preview). Perancis menempatkan Judicial Preview sebagai kewenangan dari Constitutional Council. Austria dan Jerman juga memberlakukannya sebagai tindakan pencegahan. Pembangunan Hukum Konstitusi untuk menyempurnakan yang sudah ada menjadikan prospek Pengujian Rancangan Undang-Undang di Indonesia menjadi urgensi untuk segera diterapkan.Kata Kunci: Mahkamah Konstitusi, Kewenangan, Judicial Preview
Исламские Религиозные Объединения В Правовом, Политическом И Социальном Контексте России (Islamic Religious Associations In The Legal, Political and Social Context Of Russia)
Authors: Maulana Amy , Yavorsky Dmitry
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the activities of Islamic spiritual administrations in Russia. The method used in writing this article is a method of descriptive analysis using data from the literature. The results of the study show that the Spiritual administration of Muslims represents the interests of all Muslims in Russia. The spiritual administration of Muslims is increasingly promoting Islamic education in Russia. It represents the rights of Russian Muslims as citizens and helps to overcome religious extremism, terrorism, xenophobia and Islamophobia in Russia. Interaction between Islam and the state has become a priority. For the state, Islam in Russia is a valuable diplomacy abroad. In the future, the role of the spiritual administration of Muslims should be strengthened, strive for unity and cooperation between the Spiritual administration of Muslims, and give priority to the interests of Russian Muslims Keywords: Muslim spiritual administration, Russian Muslims
The Influence of Human Capital and Welfare on the Quality of Democracy in Indonesia
Authors: Saukani Mohd Nasir Mohd , Nurdin Iing , Aji Rizqon Halal Syah
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe relationship between democracy and human development as a part of welfare has been a long debate among scholars, and lately it becomes increasingly important to question, especially for countries that are on the one hand now change their political structure, while on the other hand also fights in the welfare of its people, including in Indonesia. This study focuses on analyzing the relationship between democracy and human development, and the process of democracy in Indonesia from the aspect of failure or the success of democracy as a means of achieving the well-being of the Indonesian people. The important issues examined are to explore and explain the factors of legitimacy of democracy, and their impression of human development in Indonesia. This research question, which is: discussing the condition of democracy in Indonesia during the Administration of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono; discussing the political policies undertaken to create human development; analyze the relation between democracy and human development in Indonesia. Democracy in this study is considered as an independent variable, while human development is a dependent variable that relies on indicators of human development index. This thesis uses a qualitative approach supported by quantitative data, using purposive sampling techniques, and triangulation data collection techniques. The findings of this study, first, Indonesia have generally succeeded in strengthening the democratic political system, although there is still much dissatisfaction with the performance of a poor democratic institution. Secondly, democratic transition process in Indonesia tends to move forward, but still continues to position Indonesia in procedural democracy category, but has not yet reached the substantive democracy. Thirdly, during the administration of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono there was an increase in the achievement of the human development index marked by an increase in the level of public education, health and purchasing power of the community, but could not eliminate the overall. Theoretical implications of this study, though it confirms the various theories and arguments that democracy can promote human development of society, but the case in Indonesia is very slow and insignificant.Keywords: democracy, reform, policy, human development
E-government within Public Administration.
Authors: Tsybulnyk Nelli Yuriivna , Zadoia Ivanna Ivanivna , Kurbatova Iryna Serhiyivna , Povydysh Volodymyrovych
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to determine the nature, content and characteristic features of e-government, as well as to analyze its impact on the implementation of public administration. While writing the article the following methods were used: logical, semantic, method of documentary analysis and comparative legal. Specific features of modern models of e-government in the world have been analyzed; the expediency of introduction of the optimal model of the specified kind of government into the state system of Ukraine has been researched. The influence of modern high-tech means of e-government on the existing public administration systems in the world has been studied.  Author has suggested own definitions of «e-government», «public administration» and «e-governance». Authors have defined the perspective directions of the development of this sphere, which need to be developed for the purpose of improving the general situation in the field of public administration. A comparative analysis was carried out with the leading countries in this field. Particular attention has been paid to the successful experience of developed foreign countries in organizing the process of e-government as a perspective form of public administration. Keywords: public administration, e-government, high technologies, administrative activity, modern means, effective strategies, legal regulation.
The Integrated Prevention Model for Marijuana Smuggling in Land Border Region of Indonesia-Papua Nugini (Case: Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, Papua Province)
Authors: Maya Heni Batara , Dermawan Mohammad Kemal , Susanti Vinitia
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper describes the need for an effective preventive model in preventing the smuggling of marijuana in the Indonesia- Papua New Guinea land border area in Muara Tami District, Jayapura Papua. The model applied so far is an outward looking model where this model implements an integrated cross-border inspection, supervision and security. The unstructured interview approach and the Delphi method were used in this study so that accurate data was obtained that in practice, the current model used still did not look professional and integrated, namely between cross-border service officers, Police and defense, Ondoaffi. (traditional leaders), religious leaders and border communities in the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea region. In addition, the integration between Ministries / Institutions related to programs and budgets in order to prevent marijuana smuggling in the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border area in Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, Papua Province is also still weak. The reason of people who choose to smuggle marijuana is because they do not feel guilty and think that it is a profitable job with a strong social network, the behavior that neutralizes themselves that carrying marijuana is not a crime. In addition, the existence of problems such as geographic, demographic and disturbance from armed crime     groups (OPM) that have not received serious action are also factors related to the above problems. Based on this background, this dissertation provides a strategic step, contained several policy recommendations that can strengthen this model so that it is expected to be maximized and more efficient than the previous model.Keywords: The Indonesian-Papua New Guinea Border Area, Rational considerations of profit and loss, Organized Crime, Social Networks, Neutralization and Delphi Methods, Marijuana Smuggling Crime Prevention Models
To the 70th anniversary of the birth of Professor V. V. Ivanenko
Authors: Shliakhov Oleksii B. , Svitlenko Serhii I.
Published: December 2020

The main factors of the formation of personality of V. V. Ivanenko, stages of the biography of the famous scientisthistorian and teacher, manager of the high school are considered. The focus of the authors’ attention is the creative work of a scientist - a well-known specialist on the modern history of Ukraine, his work on expanding historical knowledge on the issues of the controversial Soviet period, the didactic activity of the scientific and pedagogical worker, his hard work on the preparation of higher education qualifications as a scientific Head, Consultant and Chair of the Specialized Academic Council on History. An important part of the work of the historian within the framework of the program "Rehabilitated History" in the Dnipropetrovsk region was the revival and preservation of historical memory, the study of punitive and repressive policies of Soviet power, which led to numerous victims of the Stalinist totalitarian regime. The various initiatives of the vice-rector on modernization of educational work with a student youth, his public activity were revealed. The contribution of the jubilator to the development of higher historical education and science in Ukraine is recognized.
Strokes to the Portrait of Sergiy Bachynski
Authors: Glodya Taras A.
Published: December 2020

As a result of the conducted scientifically-searching work with bringing in of new sources, analysis of the found archived documents, information is specified about the course of life of Serhij Baczynskiy as a result of her verification with other documents and materials, in particular information is improved about his journalistic work. Ukrainian history of the first half of ХХ century is a difficult period of social and political, military and cultural processesin that active voice was accepted by Ukrainian intelligentsia. Traditionally exactly this social class was and remains the leader of Ukrainian motion. On the modern stage of development of historical science scientists more and more apply to prosopography as to direction of historical and biographical research that envisages personification of the past by the study of historical events and their consequences through the prism of human factor. The names of many participants of Ukrainian national-democratic revolution in the second half of ХХ century were unfairly forgotten or intentionally held back the soviet system, that resulted in "cleaning" out of information. Andonly with therevival of Ukrainian independence back to scientific turnover historical memory began to go about the forbidden past and about the representatives of twenty-fourhours, that created him. To their number it is possible to take a native of Katerynoslavschyny, public-political figure, publicist, agriculturist, teacher of the first Ukrainian gymnasium, secretary of presidium of Labour congress of Ukraine(to parliament of People’s Republic of Ukraine), and afterwards emigrant Serhij Baczynskiy (1887-1941).
Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) Soviet-Party School (1920?1933) as a factor of Bolshevik indoctrination
Authors: Dubinska Kateryna O. , Arkhireyskyi Dmytro V.
Published: December 2020

The purpose and conditions of creation, as well as peculiarities of the functioning of Soviet-party schools in the 1920s were investigated. On the example of the Katerynoslav (Dnipropetrovsk) school the educational and personnel aspects of activity of similar establishments are analyzed. It’s established that the Soviet-party schools operating in the Ukrainian SSR played an important role in spreading communist propaganda and population indoctrination, and this was of no small importance in the formation of the Soviet totalitarian regime. The article deals with the main goal of the party schools – the training of party functionaries, activists, propagandists, whose main quality was devotion to the ruling regime. It’s defined that party education meant raising the general educational level of school students, as well as maximizing their perception of communist ideology. Graduates of party schools were in great demand on party, public and state work.
Organizational Aspects of Higher Historical Education Functioning in Lviv between 1944?1957
Authors: Antonyak Iryna P.
Published: December 2020

The key issues of this work are the definition of all the development patterns and trends of higher historical education in Lviv during 1944?1957. During this period, it was possible to gain an education in history at the Lviv State University and at the Lviv State Pedagogical Institute. The main attention is paid to the problems faced by the history faculties in the post-war years: material and technical support, selection of teaching staff, recruitment of students for studying, and also the introduction of an ideological component into all areas of higher historical education. Demand for "ideological direction" had a significant impact on the educational-methodological and ideological process, which led to theestablishment of Soviet historical concepts, changes in the content of historical education and its unification under theSoviet style. The influence of party politics reflected on the teaching staff of the history faculties, because in this period attention was focused not only on professional qualities, but also on political convictions. This position was justified for the purpose of preventing the influence of teachers whose views were "ideologically and politically unverified" on the student environment. So-called "re-education" or "re-thinking" methods were applied to the teaching staff. The purpose of these methods was to recognize the correctness of the Soviet historical concepts and the Soviet world outlook in general. Significant requirements were placed on the students as well. Only students “with a clean political past” had the right to enter higher educational institutions. Educational and independent work with students at the historical faculties was based on the confirmation of the correctness of Marxist theories on the grounds of historical material, which was meant to become the basis for the formation of the Soviet world outlook among students of historians faculties. However, the change of the political course and redirecting education to be more technical in nature led to the elimination of the historical faculty at the Lviv State Pedagogical Institute, which established the Lviv University as the only center of higher historical education in Lviv.
The specifics of shaping the national and political identities in Ukrainian society: history and modernity
Authors: Holovina Olha V.
Published: December 2020

The study examines the shaping of political and national identity in Ukraine in historical context, defines the factors influencing the process; the scope of the study covers the period from the beginning of the 20th century to the present days. The urgency of the study lies in the fact of existence of double identities in the collective and individual consciousness of Ukrainians at the beginning of the 20th century, which also complicates the problem of the choice of identities in modern Ukrainian society. The main range of problems requiring further research, debating points and poorly investigated problems, perspectives of studies in the area and ways of solving the existing social problems are identified. Along with the theoretical principles of studying the specifics of shaping of social consciousness, practical measures are taken to overcome the existing crisis in the public consciousness, complex solutions to the problem of shaping the collective historical memory of Ukrainians are proposed.
The Afghan question in the work of SC & GA of UNO in January, 1980
Authors: Kovalkov Oleksandr L.
Published: December 2020

In December, 1979 sub-units of the Soviet Army invaded the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, eliminated Hafizullah Amin from power, established the government of Babrak Karmal and occupied the country. These events caused the condemnation of the international community, that were reflected by the statement on the Afghan question in the agenda of the Security Council and the UN General Assembly in January, 1980. The minute-books of SC of the UNO, as well as the UN General Assembly resolutions are the main sources of research of this problem. The discussion of the Afghan question in the UN Security Council lasted from 5 to 7 January, 1980, involving 42 countries. The USSR Representative to the United Nations O. Troyanovskyi and Foreign Minister of DRA Sh. M. Dost tried to persuade all those present that Soviet troops had been brought to Afghanistan at the invitation of a legitimate Afghan government to repulse allegedly externally-aggressive aggression. Herewith they referred to Article 51 of the UN Charter and Article 4 of the Treaty of Friendship, Neighborhood and Cooperation between the USSR and the DPA. Most of the delegations (primarily the US delegation, Pakistan, the Chinese People’s Republic, Great Britain) rejected the arguments of the Soviet and Afghan sides and condemned Soviet aggression and called for the withdrawal of troops from the territory of Afghanistan immediately. The Soviet Union and the DRA were supported only by a few delegations of Soviet satellites (Poland, the GDR, Hungary, the Mongolian People’s Republic, Laos and Vietnam). But during the vote on the anti-Soviet resolution on January 7, 1980, the USSR expected vetoed it. After that, the consideration of the «Afghan question» was postponed to the General Assembly, where 108 countries condemned the Soviet aggression on January, 14 (18 countries abstained, the same number supported the USSR). The discussion of the «Afghan question» at the United Nations Organization in January, 1980 assured that the Soviet Union had suffered a loud defeat in the international arena, its authority was severely undermined. This was also confirmed by the end of the policy of "discharging" and the subsequent eruption of the Cold War in international relations. In addition, the consideration of the Afghan question at the UNO has shown the lack of a mechanism for influencing an aggressor country that has a veto power in the UN Security Council. The USSR was expected to veto the Security Council resolution, and the decisions of the General Assembly were recommendatory. This is particularly relevant in terms of the current UN crisis in deterring the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation, the DPRK, Syria and others like that.
"Ideological character" of M. P. Pogodin in the Pre-October and Soviet historiography
Authors: Rudnev Mikhail A.
Published: December 2020

On the materials of the historico-biographical treaties and the generalizing works and special essays in history of the Russian social and political thought the historiographical appraisals and treatments of the ideological character of M. P. Pogodin given by the Pre-October and Soviet historians are examined. This problematico-historiographical review is realized in the context of phenomenon of the so-called «theory of the Official Nationality» in the period of the Nicholas I reign. A. N. Pypin, liberal and westernist historian of literature and social thought, was the real maker of this debatable historiographical ideological construction. He considered M. P. Pogodin the eminent representative of the Official Nationality and the odious conservator-conformist. Other Pre-October historians and publicists (S. Ashevskiy ets.) focused their research attention to Pogodin’s "Political letters" (1853?1856) in which his opposition to Nicholas I regime’s policy and certain progressive features of his position were especially strongly manifested. G. V. Plekhanov’s work "Pogodin and the class struggle" (1911) determined the typical for the following Marxist and Soviet historiography fixed interest to the class roots of his conservatism and sociological identification that as the "bourgeois". The late Soviet authors (V. K. Tereshchenko) which were adherents of the class treatment also and the contemporary Russian historians of the Soviet school (V. Ya. Grosul, R. G. Eymontova) emphasized the heterogeneity and evolutionary character of the Pogodin’s position, the increasing presence of the critical and progressive elements in his conservative world outlook on the whole.
The Correspondence between Taras G. Shevchenko and Lazarevsky Brothers
Authors: Voronov Viktor I.
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes epistolaries as one of communication means between famous Ukrainian poet and artist Taras G. Shevchenko and three elder brothers from Lazarevsky family (Vasil, Mykhailo and Fedir M.). These epistolaries have been published in the periodicals of the second half of XIX – the early XX centuries. The article also reviews some archaeographic editorials, devoted to T. G. Shevchenko and written by the other Lazarevsky family representative – О. М. Lazarevsky, famous historian and archaeographist. Consideration is also given to significative and informative fragments of memoirs about T. G. Shevchenko left by Fedir and Mykhailo Lazarevsky and published in “Kievskaya Starina”. The author distinguishes main directions, principles and highlights of such epistolary contacts and clarifies the role of this correspondence as well as the role of Lazarevsky brothers themselves in Shevchenko’s personal destiny. The author determines archival destiny of some original letters and the contribution of Shevchenko’s friends and familiars to the publication of them. It is also determined that some of original letters were published with the help of Shevchenko’s talent admirers, editorial boards and regular emloyees of the Osnova and the Kievskaya Starina periodicals, artists from the second half of XIX – the early XX centuries.
Master of Ukrainian Medieval Studies (Memoirs on the Anniversary of Professor M. P. Kovalskyi)
Authors: Ivanenko Valentyn V.
Published: December 2020

On the basis of personal memoirs and observations the research dwells on some fragments of the life and creative biography of a well-known Ukrainian historian, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine, Professor M. P. Kovalskyi during his work at the Dnipropetrovsk Classical University (1963–1994). It has been emphasized that it was during this period of time that M. P. Kovalskyi formed as a scientist and prominently revealed himself as one of the greatest researchers of the Ukrainian Middle Ages, especially the national source studies of historical heritage of the 16th and the first half of the 17th centuries. His scientific works as well as his contribution to the development of historical science is well-known and appreciated not only in Ukraine, but also in the European historical and professional spheres. The powerful school of source studies created by the scientists along with other world-famous scientific centers of our higher educational establishment over different generations, has remained in the historical memory of the university community as a symbol and inspirational example of true asceticism in science. The most essential imperatives of professional and life credo of M. P. Kovalskyi were a high general and academic culture, an amazing hard work, purposefulness, perseverance, intelligence, erudition, sociability, active citizenship, patriotism, honesty, modesty, decency, all of which made him a popular acknowledged scientist and authoritative scholar, a teacher, and an extraordinary, outstanding person.