bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling Study of Transport Time Scales for a Hyper-Tidal Estuary
Authors: Gao Guanghai , Xia Junqiang , Falconer Roger A. , Wang Yingying
Published: August 2020

This paper presents a study of two transport timescales (TTS), i.e., the residence time and exposure time, of a hyper-tidal estuary using a widely used numerical model. The numerical model was calibrated against field measured data for various tidal conditions. The model simulated current speeds and directions generally agreed well with the field data. The model was then further developed and applied to study the two transport timescales, namely the exposure time and residence time for the hyper-tidal Severn Estuary. The numerical model predictions showed that the inflow from the River Severn under high flow conditions reduced the residence and exposure times by 1.5 to 3.5% for different tidal ranges and tracer release times. For spring tide conditions, releasing a tracer at high water reduced the residence time and exposure time by 49.0% and 11.9%, respectively, compared to releasing the tracer at low water. For neap tide conditions, releasing at high water reduced the residence time and exposure time by 31.6% and 8.0%, respectively, compared to releasing the tracer at low water level. The return coefficient was found to be vary between 0.75 and 0.88 for the different tidal conditions, which indicates that the returning water effects for different tidal ranges and release times are all relatively high. For all flow and tide conditions, the exposure times were significantly greater than the residence times, which demonstrated that there was a high possibility for water and/or pollutants to re-enter the Severn Estuary after leaving it on an ebb tide. The fractions of water and/or pollutants re-entering the estuary for spring and neap tide conditions were found to be very high, giving 0.75–0.81 for neap tides, and 0.79–0.88 for spring tides. For both the spring and neap tides, the residence and exposure times were lower for high water level release. Spring tide conditions gave significantly lower residence and exposure times. The spatial distribution of exposure and residence times showed that the flow from the River Severn only had a local effect on the upstream part of the estuary, for both the residence and exposure time.
Ice Regime of the Kozłowa Góra Reservoir (Southern Poland) as an Indicator of Changes of the Thermal Conditions of Ambient Air
Authors: Solarski Maksymilian , Rzętała Mariusz
Published: August 2020

Ice phenomena are construed as the occurrence of ice in water irrespective of its structure, form, and duration. One of the most frequently discussed research problems is the possibility of using long-term ice phenology as an indicator of changes of the thermal conditions of ambient air. The study used correlation analysis and regression models in order to determine changes in the parameters studied over time. In order to compare the ice regime of the study reservoir and other lakes in the region, discriminant function analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), and canonical redundancy analysis (RDA) were applied. During the 52 winter seasons studied (1964–2015), there were weak but still statistically significant trends concerning the increase in air temperature in the region (by 0.3 °C per decade), the reduction in the number of days with ice cover (by 8.6 days per decade) and the decline in the maximum and average thicknesses of lake ice (by 2.0 cm and 1.2 cm per decade). The low average depth and volume capacity are reflected in the rapid freezing rate of the reservoir, and its location results in a longer duration of ice cover, greater ice thickness, and later dates of its melting.
Hysteresis-Free, High-Performance Polymer-Dielectric Organic Field-Effect Transistors Enabled by Supercritical Fluid
Authors: Shi Yuhao , Zheng Yingkai , Wang Jialiang , Zhao Ran , Wang Tao , Zhao Changbin , Chang Kuan-Chang , Meng Hong , Wang Xinwei
Published: August 2020

Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are of the core units in organic electronic circuits, and the performance of OFETs replies critically on the properties of their dielectric layers. Owing to the intrinsic flexibility and natural compatibility with other organic components, organic polymers, such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), have emerged as highly interesting dielectric materials for OFETs. However, unsatisfactory issues, such as hysteresis, high subthreshold swing, and low effective carrier mobility, still considerably limit the practical applications of the polymer-dielectric OFETs for high-speed, low-voltage flexible organic circuits. This work develops a new approach of using supercritical CO
2
fluid (SCCO
2
) treatment on PVA dielectrics to achieve remarkably high-performance polymer-dielectric OFETs. The SCCO
2
treatment is able to completely eliminate the hysteresis in the transfer characteristics of OFETs, and it can also significantly reduce the device subthreshold slope to 0.25 V/dec and enhance the saturation regime carrier mobility to 30.2 cm
2
V
−1
s
−1
, of which both the numbers are remarkable for flexible polymer-dielectric OFETs. It is further demonstrated that, coupling with an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), the SCCO
2
-treated OFET is able to function very well under fast switching speed, which indicates that an excellent switching behavior of polymer-dielectric OFETs can be enabled by this SCCO
2
approach. Considering the broad and essential applications of OFETs, we envision that this SCCO
2
technology will have a very broad spectrum of applications for organic electronics, especially for high refresh rate and low-voltage flexible display devices.
Implement of zoning in order to evaluate the establishment of the airports using integrating MCDM methods and noise pollution modeling softwares
Authors: Kiani Sadr Maryam , Melhosseini Darani Kobra , Golkarian Hamta , Arefian Amir
Published: August 2020

Background: Finding the best location for the airport reduces the negative effects of construction and its activity on the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the establishment of the airports (Mehrabad and Imam Khomeini airports) in Tehran province through integration of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods and noise pollution modeling software. Methods: The criteria for zoning the airports were determined using Delphi method, and then, were weighed using analytic network process (ANP). One of the criteria was noise pollution. The computer aided noise abatement (CadnaA) software was used to map the noise level at the airports. The geographic information system (GIS) software and weighted overlay method were used to zone Tehran province for construction of the airports. The percentage of voice annoyance was defined according to the questionnaire provided by the International Commission on the Biological Effects of Noise (ICBEN). Results: Prioritization between the selected criteria using ANP and TOPSIS showed that the most important criteria are the land use (0.069) and the distance from the city (0.0598), respectively. The highest percentage of highly annoyed (%HA) persons was reported at both airports at Lden levels above 70 dB. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the location of Mehrabad and Imam Khomeini airports is considered 60% and 18% inappropriate, respectively. The results introduce a set of criteria that determines compatibility rate of different activities around the airports based on the noise levels. Finally, it is recommended to study the correlation between aircraft noise pollution indicators in other airports of Iran and design a local model for the whole country.
Benchmarking Food and Beverage Companies on Obesity Prevention and Nutrition Policies: Evaluation of the BIA-Obesity Australia Initiative, 2017-2019
Authors: Robinson Ella , Blake Miranda R. , Sacks Gary
Published: August 2020

Background: The potential role of the food and beverage industry in addressing diet-related disease is much debated, particularly amidst evidence of the targeted strategies, including voluntary self-regulation, used by the industry to influence policy in their favour. At the same time, the need for more comprehensive action to address unhealthy diets has led to a focus on increasing the accountability of different stakeholders. However, there has been limited evaluation of the impact of accountability initiatives on food and beverage company policies and practices. This study evaluated the impact of the BIA-Obesity (Business Impact Assessment – Obesity and population nutrition) Australia Initiative that benchmarked major Australian food and beverage companies on their nutrition-related policies. Methods: Evaluation was conducted against the pre-specified logic model for BIA-Obesity and established frameworks for analysing organisational change and corporate political activity. Outcomes evaluated included company engagement with the Initiative, level of media coverage, and impact of the Initiative on company policies and practices based on the perspectives of company representatives. A mixed methods design was employed, including surveys and in-depth interviews with company representatives, and media reports. Results: Approximately half of invited companies participated in the evaluation of the BIA-Obesity Australia Initiative. A number of company representatives indicated that the Initiative had influenced their company’s nutrition policies, strategies, and disclosure practices, and had raised their company’s awareness of the importance of addressing nutrition issues. Conclusion: Company representatives perceive benchmarking and accountability initiatives as helpful for provoking improvements in nutrition-related policies and practices in their companies. However, the benefits of these initiatives need to be assessed in the context of the broader political and economic environment. Whilst the focus of accountability initiatives, such as BIA-Obesity, are on industry self-regulation efforts, they can also play an important role in drawing attention to the need for increased government regulation.
Affordability of Medication Therapy in Diabetic Patients: A Scenario-Based Assessment in Iran’s Health System Context
Authors: Zarei Leila , Peymani Payam , Moradi Najmeh , Kheirandish Mehrnaz , Mirjalili Mahtabalsadat , Zare Marziyeh
Published: August 2020

Background: Diabetes imposes an enormous burden on patients, families, societies, and healthcare systems. Determining the affordability of medications is an important complicated and vague task, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to assess the affordability of diabetes medication therapy in Iran’s health system. Methods: This paper presents a scenario-based assessment of the affordability of all registered anti-diabetes medications in Iran in 2017. To this end, 4 medication therapy scenarios were defined as mono, dual, triple, and insulin therapy in accordance with the existing guidelines and clinicians’ opinions. Then the affordability ratio of each treatment scenario was determined for type 1 and type 2 diabetes drawing on the World Health Organization (WHO)/Health Action International (HAI) Methodology. If the affordability ratio for treatment schedules was more than 1, the patients’ out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses exceeded the lowest-paid unskilled government worker (LPGW)’ wage per day, and the treatment was labelled as non-affordable. Results: The results revealed that the mono, dual, and triple (non-insulin) medication therapies in type 2 diabetes were affordable, despite an increase in the dosage or a switch from the monotherapy to the combination therapy of oral medications. However, some treatment scenarios in the triple therapy, including oral plus insulin and some insulin only therapies, were proved to be non-affordable. In type 1 diabetes, only insulin glulisine, detemir, and lispro were non-affordable in monotherapy. Regarding the combination therapy, only isophane insulin with aspart or regular insulin were affordable treatments. Conclusion: Although oral medication therapies were documented to be affordable, insulin therapy, with current coverage conditions, for patients with lowest paid wages and those receiving even less is unaffordable and a major barrier to treatment; hence, policy-maker should consider targeting and more financial protection policies to improve the affordability of insulin therapies among this group of patients.
Star Trek Offers Insights That Illuminate Actor Engagement in Global Nutrition Governance Comment on "Towards Preventing and Managing Conflict of Interest in Nutrition Policy? An Analysis of Submissions to a Consultation on a Draft WHO Tool"
Authors: Kraak Vivica I.
Published: August 2020

This commentary describes insights from Star Trek’s fictional television series to understand how state and non-state actors address conflicts of interest (COIs) through global nutrition governance. I examine the findings of Ralston and colleagues for 44 state and non-state actors who responded to the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) consultation for a COI risk-assessment tool, developed for member states to engage effectively with non-state actors to address malnutrition in all forms. Star Trek reveals that actor engagement is inevitable in a shared universe. The Prime Directive is a non-interference principle reflecting a moral commitment to reduce harm, respect autonomy and protect rights. Engagement principles are relevant to all actors who influence nutrition policies and programs, and must be held accountable when their actions undermine healthy and sustainable food systems. Certain actors use COI to justify non-engagement with commercial actors yet competing interests, biases, corruption and regulatory capture are distinct challenges to manage. Finally, Star Trek’s characters serve as allegories to understand actors’ motives and actions to promote healthy and sustainable food systems. Unlike non-state actors, states are legally required to achieve their commitments and targets in the United Nations’ (UN) Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016-2025) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030 Agenda.
Towards an Explanation of the Social Value of Health Systems: An Interpretive Synthesis
Authors: Whyle Eleanor Beth , Olivier Jill
Published: August 2020

Background: Health systems are complex social systems, and values constitute a central dimension of their complexity. Values are commonly understood as key drivers of health system change, operating across all health systems components and functions. Moreover, health systems are understood to influence and generate social values, presenting an opportunity to harness health systems to build stronger, more cohesive societies. However, there is little investigation (theoretical, conceptual, or empirical) on social values in health policy and systems research (HPSR), particularly regarding the capacity of health systems to influence and generate social values. This study develops an explanatory theory for the ‘social value of health systems.’ Methods: We present the results of an interpretive synthesis of HPSR literature on social values, drawing on a qualitative systematic review, focusing on claims about the relationship between ‘health systems’ and ‘social values.’ We combined relational claims extracted from the literature under a common framework in order to generate new explanatory theory. Results: We identify four mechanisms by which health systems are considered to contribute social value to society: Health systems can: (1) offer a unifying national ideal and build social cohesion, (2) influence and legitimise popular attitudes about rights and entitlements with regard to healthcare and inform citizen’s understanding of state responsibilities, (3) strengthen trust in the state and legitimise state authority, and (4) communicate the extent to which the state values various population groups. Conclusion: We conclude that, using a systems-thinking and complex adaptive systems perspective, the above mechanisms can be explained as emergent properties of the dynamic network of values-based connections operating within health systems. We also demonstrate that this theory accounts for how HPSR authors write about the relationship between health systems and social values. Finally, we offer lessons for researchers and policy-makers seeking to bring about values-based change in health systems.
Heart rate analysis during very deep dives in flooded caves: single case study
Authors: Ivaldi Marco , Ciavattini Andrea , Giovanni Cugliari
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the heart rate adaptations during deep dave diving with MCCR (mechanical closed circuit rebreather). Previous studies on this matter have not been conducted to the depths reached in this study and most of them have been conducted inside hyperbaric chambers trying to recreate the immersion conditions. The data collection took place during the exploration of two hydrogeological sites by a professional cave diver. The recordings were made using a SCUBAPRO GALILEO SOL® dive computer capable of monitoring the heart rate, with a sampling interval of 0,25 Hz. The data collected confirm a direct relationship between the increase in diving depth and the increase in the detected heart rate.
Tamil Agathinai poems and Kannada folk songs - A comparison study
Authors: Jayalalitha
Published: August 2020

There is an emphasis in recent years on the study of literary and cultural parallel between Tamil and Kannada. This kind of research would enable one to arrive at Proto- Dravidian common cultural core. Anyhow my attempt is humble. I Try to make a comparison of the Akam (Love) poems. Which are found in Tolkappiyam and Sangam literature with some Kannada folk songs. Tolgappiyam says that the Akam poems of five division of land (Kurinji, Mullai, Marudam, Naidal and Paalai) should not mention the proper name of the characters. If we take a simple look at the different folk songs collection of Kannada, we note that there are no proper names of characters of such love songs. According to Tolkappiyam, the first grammar of Tamil, the concept of love is divided into ‘compatible love’ (anbin inthinai) and ‘incompatible love’ (porundha Kamam). We also come across such concept in the Kannada folk songs, which is explained in the theme of the song. There is a song of a man who is sitting on the bank of a river asking the girl permission to lean on her shoulder. The mention of a shoulder of a girl is a special feature mentioned in many Sangam poems.
Automatic Dehydration Level Detection Devices
Authors: Damayanti Diana Dwi , Ariswati Her Gumiwang , Wisana I Dewa Gede , Winarno Hendra
Published: August 2020

Dehydration is a condition that occurs when the loss of body fluids exceeds the amount entered in the body so that it can disrupt the balance of minerals in body fluids. Most people do not feel thirsty until finally, they experience a period of severe dehydration, which can cause physical, cognitive, fatigue; if not corrected immediately can cause death. The purpose of this study is to design a dehydration and urine pH detection devices automatically. The contribution of this study is that this device is equipped with urine pH measurement and automatic body fluid calculation. This device is able to detect urine color levels, read urine pH values ​​, and provide information on body fluids needed to treat the patient's condition when detected. The sensors used in this device are color sensor TCS34725, pH meter sensor module SKU-016 and DS18B20 temperature sensor, the calculation of the amount of fluid that must be entered automatically from the patient's body weight input. The programming uses Arduino Nano as the main controller with a 128x64 graphic LCD. From the testing that has been done, it is known that the percentage error in the module is 3.5%, which means that it is still in the tolerance value because the tolerance limit is 5%, for the sensitivity test results get a value of 60% and specificity of 70%. Thus, it shows that the device is feasible and can be implemented as a dehydration detection device that is carried out independently at home.
An Improved Power Management System in Electrosurgery Unit Monopolar Design
Authors: Domigata Riga , Indrato Tri Bowo , Rahmawati Triana , Sanajit Narongrit
Published: August 2020

In using the Electrosurgery unit, improper power settings and modes can cause tissue damage, so it is necessary to adjust the cutting mode and power settings needed. The purpose of this research is to design power control and cutting mode in Electrosurgery using Arduino nano as a regulator of power and pulse or duty cycle. The contribution of this research is the creation of power control and mode in the Electrosurgery unit to increase power and cutting mode. This is to control the electrosurgery power. The LM2907 IC frequency to voltage circuit is used as a voltage regulator, which is issued according to the frequency with the power selection LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH. The method used is the CMOS 4069 device as a frequency generator at 250 kHz, then the driver pulse is passed and controlled by the ATmega328 IC, then forwarded to an inverter circuit that functions to increase the voltage and output in the form of power. After the measurement process is carried out on the inverter input with a Blend mode three value, the voltage value is obtained at the low setting 100 V error 0.03%, medium setting 110V error 0.02%, High setting 120 V Error -0.02%. While the measurement results in the coagulation mode are the low setting error of 100 V 0.05%, the medium setting error is 110V 0.08%. High setting error is 130 V 0.003%. The measurements show that the error in power management is lower than 1%. The results of this study can be implemented in the electrosurgery unit to reduce tissue damage due to a lack of cutting modes and power management.
Utilization of Power Setting in Mono-polar Electrosurgery Unit With Additional Blend Modes
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Roni , Indrato Tri Bowo , Rahmawati Triana , Utomo Bedjo
Published: August 2020

Electrosurgery unit has the purpose of damaging certain body tissues by heating the tissue.  In this study there are several modes and also power selection. The contribution of this research is to design the power management and also the addition of several modes for the surgical process. Electrosurgery Unit involves the use of IC CMOS 4069 as a frequency generator. The frequency output is set at 250 KHz and then passed on to the pulse regulator circuit and controlled by using Arduino and then forwarded to the inverter circuit which functions to increase the voltage and output in the form of power. Modules are calibrated using ESU Analyzer. This module is equipped with a selection of LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH power. And also there are some additional modes including Blend 1 and Blend 2. After the measurement is carried out, the voltage values ​​obtained at the setting of low, medium high, on the inverter input with a value on Blend 1 mode low 80 V with an error of 0.84%, Medium 90 V with error 0.84%, High 104 V with an error of 0.81%, in Blend 2 mode low 84 V with an error of 0.83%, Medium 86 V with a error of 0.85%, High 105 V with an error of 0.81%, the Cutting mode is low 162 V with an error of 2.88%, medium 172 V with an error of 3.03%, High 192 V with an error of 2.86%. The measurement shows an error of less than 1% for Blend 1 and Blend 2 modes while cutting is less than 3%. The results of this study can be implemented in order to minimize errors due to lack of power settings and mode selection during surgery.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERKONTRIBUSI PADA TECHNICAL DELAY PESAWAT BOEING 777-300ER DI PT. GMF AEROASIA TBK
Authors: Davirza Puri Alodia , Arifin Mufti , Franciscus Freddy
Published: August 2020

Maskapai Garuda Indonesia Airlines merupakan maskapai penerbangan flag carrier BUMN (Badan Usaha Milik Negara) dengan mengoperasikan sebanyak 144 pesawat untuk melayani rute domestik maupun rute internasional. Garuda Indonesia Airline mempercayakan perbaikan dan perawatan pesawat (maintenance), serta technical handling kepada PT. GMF AeroAsia, Tbk. Pada proses maintenance terdapat kemungkinan terjadinya technical delay yang mempengaruhi On Time Performance sebuah pesawat. Technical delay  adalah keterlambatan penerbangan yang tidak sesuai dengan jadwal terjadi akibat penanganan teknik. Permasalahan dalam skripsi ini membahas faktor-faktor terjadinya technical delay yang mempengaruhi On Time Performance maskapai Garuda Indonesia Airline. Untuk memecahkan masalah ini dilakukan pengumpulan data technical delay dalam periode satu tahun selama 2018 dan analisis menggunakan metode Pareto untuk menemukan korelasi dan uji hasil hipotesis yang memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap On Time Performance disebabkan penanganan teknik yang tidak efektif dan efisien sebagai pemicu technical delay. Adapun hasil dari analisa data yang didapatkan 19 kali (52,78%) technical delay yang disebabkan oleh delay code 41, 9 kali (25%) technical delay yang disebabkan oleh delay code 43, dan 8 kali (22,22%) technical delay yang disebabkan oleh delay code 46 dari total jumlah technical delay sebanyak 36 kali sepanjang tahun 2018.
Gender biases of foster parent applicants: old new stereotypes?
Authors: Yaroshenko A.
Published: August 2020

The process of reforming the state care system for orphans and children deprived of parental care requires research to study the gender aspects of foster parenthood, which affect the distribution of roles in the private family sphere, strategies for raising orphans and children deprived of parental care. The article covers the problem of gender stereotypes of candidates for foster parents, which determine their vision of social and psychological characteristics and expectations of women and men. The results of the study of femininity and masculinity stereotypes using the Bem Sex-Role Inventory and the assessment of ambivalent sexism in the attitudes toward women and men using a short version of the methodology of P. Glick and S. Fiske. It is established that candidates for foster parents demonstrate a greater extent of benevolent rather than hostile sexism and describe a generalized image of women and men as androgynous individuals, but almost a third of respondents' responses concerning women show high indicators on the femininity scale, and concerning men - on the masculinity scale. High levels of hostility to feminism, especially among women, have been reported. Author emphasizes the importance of introducing special training programs for candidates for foster parents in order to disseminate attitudes that correspond to contemporary views of egalitarian family patterns.
Implementasi Arsitektur Client-Server dan Model-View-Controller untuk Membangun Aplikasi Administrasi di SMK Averus Jakarta
Authors: Yulianti  , Normalisa
Published: August 2020

SMK Averus Jakarta yang terletak di Pondok Pinang, Jakarta Selatan merupakan salah satu institusi pendidikan yang belum menggunakan teknologi informasi karena data administrasinya sebagian dicatat dan diolah secara manual, walaupun sudah ada yang dicatat dan diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel. Hal ini menyebabkan beberapa masalah seperti, banyak terjadi duplikasi data dan pembuatan laporan-laporan dari data-data administrasi cenderung lambat. Salah satu solusi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut yaitu pembuatan aplikasi administrasi sekolah menggunakan arsitektur Client Server dan Model View Controller (MVC). Arsitektur Client-Server membagi aplikasi dalam dua bagian yaitu server yang berhubungan dengan pengelolaan basis data dan client yang berhubungan dengan antarmuka user. Sedangkan arsitektur MVC dapat mempermudah pengembangan aplikasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan di masa depan dan dapat mengurangi jumlah source code. Setelah pembangunan aplikasi selesai, disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi ini dapat mengurangi duplikasi data, memperbaiki organisasi data/dokumen, mempercepat pembuatan laporan yang diperlukan, dan meningkatkan efisiensi dan efektifitas pengembangan aplikasi.
Evaluasi Kinerja Web Server Apache menggunakan Protokol HTTP2
Authors: Riswandi  , Kasim  , Raharjo Muh. Fajri
Published: August 2020

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) adalah protokol jaringan lapisan aplikasi yang digunakan untuk sistem informasi terdistribusi, kolaboratif, dan menggunakan hipermedia. Penggunaan internet meningkat mencapai dari tahun 2014-2016, akan tetapi peningkatan tersebut tidak didukung dengan peningkatan kinerja protokol. HTTP/2 hadir sebagai protokol generasi terbaru yang merupakan versi terbaru dari protokol HTTP. Protokol ini sudah dilengkapi dengan sistem keamanan, karena berjalan di atas HTTPS yang merupakan mode security dari protokol HTTP. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur kinerja dari protokol HTTP/2 dan cara untuk mengaktifkan protokol ini, sehingga protokol ini dapat diimplementasi dan mempercepat kinerja dari berbagai web server. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, ditunjukkan bahwa pengimplementasian protokol ini dapat berjalan pada web server apache versi 2.4.17 karena versi sebelumnya tidak mendukung dan pada web server nginx versi 1.9.5 karena versi yang sebelumnya juga tidak mendukung protokol ini. Pada pengukuran kinerja yang dilakukan bahwa kecepatan response time yang dihasilkan HTTP/2 dalam mentransfer data lebih kecil dari pada HTTP/1 dapat dilihat dari hasil response time HTTP/1 web server apache sebesar 128,6 ms sedangkan pada HTTP/2 86,3 ms, dan pada web server nginx juga menunjukkan response time HTTP/2 lebih kecil dari pada HTTP/1 yang sebesar 184,3 ms dan 141,6 pada HTTP/2. Dari hasil pengujian response time HTTP/2 menunjukkan performa kecepatan yang lebih cepat jika diterapkan dalam web server apache dari pada menggunakan web server nginx.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen Aset pada Universitas Pamulang Berbasis WEB
Authors: Putra Fajar Desta , Riyanto Joko , Zulfikar Ahmad Fikri
Published: August 2020

Universitas Pamulang merupakan perguruan tinggi swasta yang maju dan berkembang yang terdapat pada Kota Tangerang Selatan. Tentu Universitas Pamulang memiliki banyak aset sebagai penunjang kegiatannya. Namun saat ini Universitas Pamulang belum memiliki sistem informasi internal untuk mengontrol aset-aset yang dimiliki. Belum adanya sistem informasi manajemen aset tersebut akan mengalami kesulitan dalam penelusuran data-data aset. Solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang ada, membutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi manajemen aset yang dapat menjalankan pengelolaan aset menjadi lebih efisien dan terstruktur, serta memudahkan dalam pendataan jumlah aset, pendataan aset berdasarkan kondisinya, pengelompokan aset berdasarkan jenisnya dan mempermudah dalam melakukan penelusuran data-data aset. Pengembangan sistem yang digunakan yaitu waterfall. Model ini terdiri dari requirement analysis, system and software design, implementation and unit system, system testing, operation and maintenance. Tools yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah system operating windows 10 pro 64 bit, sublime text 3, dan database yang digunakan sebagai penyimpanan data adalah xampp. Hasil akhir penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah Sistem Informasi Manajemen Aset Pada Universitas Pamulang Berbasis Web.
Penentuan Bonus Karyawan dengan Menggunakan Metode Analytic Network Process di PT. Global Harvest Precision Engineering
Authors: Apandi Suliza , Veza Okta , Majid Sanusi , Pratiwi Pratiwi
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sistem pendukung keputusan dalam menentukan karyawan penerima bonus pada PT. Global Harvest Precision Engineering yang beralamat di lot 21 citra buana III Batam Centre Kepulauan Riau. Dikarenakan tidak adanya sistem pendukung keputusan yang membantu dalam menentukan karyawan penerima bonus, sehingga dibutuhkannya perancangan sistem pendukung keputusan. Data pada sistem pendukung keputusan penetuan bonus karyawan ini diperoleh dari data karyawan dari bulan januari sampai dengan Juni 2019, yang terdiri dari nama, tempat tanggal lahir, alamat dan jenis kelamin beserta data absen perbulan. Model sistem yang digunakan Data Flow Diagram (DFD). Sistem pendukung keputusan dirancang berbasis web mobile dengan menggunakan bahasa pemograman Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) dan database MySQL. Teknik Penelitian kuantitatif, dengan mengumpulkan data-data hasil perhitungan. Penelitian menghasilkan aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan berbasis web mobile dalam menentukan karyawan penerima bonus. Pengujian dalam aplikasi menggunakan blackbox.
Bloodbuddy: a Tracking System for Blood Donor Using GPS
Authors: Zakaria Nur Fatini Zahidah , Zainal Abidin Zulhafiza , Abdullah Zawawi Muhammad Asyraf , Shuhada Siti Nur
Published: August 2020

Blood donation is one of the most significant contributions towards the society. Millions of people need blood transfusions each year. Some may need blood during surgery. Others depend on it after an accident or because they have a disease that requires blood components. This study is aim to develop and evaluate the impact of tracking system in the blood shortage situation which is the urgent requirement of the fresh blood and to improve the communication between the hospital and donor. This system will locate the nearest blood donor in cases of emergencies in fastest and easiest way using GPS.The findings on the views of user on the aspects of interface design, navigation and functionality of the web-based application that is developed are presented. Data analysis was done based on the questionnaire received from few users which are student from Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI). The findings of this study were analysed according to the objectives and the research questions of the project.
India and the World after Covid-19: Climate Aspect
Authors: Adhikari Nisha , Sharma Avinash , Nath Jagdish
Published: August 2020

This research ponders over the climate aspect during the Covid 19. The purpose of this is too aware and disseminate the outbreak of covid 19 cases hiking in a sky rocketing way. This study will focus on the contents of covid 19 where people are battling to overcome the hazard happening around vicinity brought by climate aspect. Its consist of information and analysis of different countries, metamorphosis of the nature with its pulchritude, tactic that need to be followed to overcome predicament, major affected tribe, initiative by various countries, climate aspect, impact at utmost level, drastic change within a smidge, crucial steps to curb COVID-19. This is also fruitful to know the behavior of nature during the COVID-19 climate change. The data were obtained through various authorized news channel and worldometers.
Faktor Utama Vandalisme dalam Kalangan Pelajar di Sekolah
Authors: Husin Mohd Razimi , Sufizi Nur Auni Najihah , Nasarudin Nur Fatin Nisa , Yuslam Anis Umaira , Zainal Siti Adibah , Aspanizam Aidatul Azfaniza , Mohd Bakhari Muhammad Hafiz , Che Aziz Nur Shafika Hazirin , Abd Razak Siti Norhafizah , Mat Aini Muhamad Hafeez
Published: August 2020

Di Malaysia, tingkah laku merosakkan harta benda di tempat awam dikategorikan sebagai salah laku yang berat dan serius. Objek kajian ini iaitu mengenalpasti faktor berlakunya masalah vandalisme dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah, menjelaskan kesan-kesan vandalisme kepada pelajar dan pihak sekolah, mengenalpasti langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh pihak sekolah dan pihak keluarga untuk mengatasi masalah vandalisme dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah, dan mengenalpasti cabaran yang dihadapi oleh pihak sekolah dalam mengatasi masalah vandalisme ini. Kaedah yang digunakan oleh pengkaji dalam kajian ini adalah dengan menggunakan kaedah temu bual untuk mendapatkan maklumat. Hasil temu bual ditulis semula serta disokong dengan beberapa rujukan daripada jaringan internet dan sumber-sumber ilmiah. Kaedah temu bual yang pengkaji gunakan ialah temu bual semi-struktur. Kesimpulannya, masalah gejala vandalisme dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah mahupun remaja di Malaysia dilihat tidaklah terlalu teruk, namun jika masalah ini tidak dipandang serius ia boleh memberi impak yang besar kepada negara. Masalah vandalisme yang melanda remaja pada masa kini adalah dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Antara faktor-faktor tersebut ialah masalah institusi keluarga, persekitaran dan sebagainya.
Analysis of the Marxist Theory on the Abolition of State: Its Implication to Nigeria Educational System
Authors: Ifeakor Chinedu , Odo Anselm Ikenna
Published: August 2020

Certain factors necessitated man’s thinking especially, if it focuses on alteration of their desire and wants. It is on this, that some years back some philosophers propounded a theory which stated thus: the abolition of a state. The Marxist theory on the abolition of the state asserted that society’s classes are the cause of struggle and that society should have no classes. An example of Marxism is replacing private ownership with cooperative ownership.  The researchers of this work will adopt an analytic method in order to find out if the theory should be a paradigm in the Nigeria education or not.
INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO
Authors: & Sadiq Sulaiman
Published: August 2020

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to evaluate the impact of the shading and various nutrition programs on mitigating heat stress, reducing the use of chemical minerals, improving the reproductive growth and yield of tomato plant. Split-plot within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in this study. Shading factor was allocated in the main plots and the nutrition programs distributed randomly in the subplots. Results indicate that shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C as an average for both seasons; thus a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season. Furthermore, shading improved significantly the reproductive growth and tomato yield. Among the plant nutrition programs, the integrated nutrient management (INM) including the application of organic substances, bio inoculum of AMF and 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers; lead to the enhancement of nutrients content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield. Generally, combination of both shading and INM showed positive effects on plants nutrient status and persisting balance on tomato flowering growth and fruits yield.
MODELS TO PREDICT SLOPE LENGTH FROM OTHER WATERSHED ATTRIBUTES
Authors: & Karim Mohammed
Published: August 2020

Soil erosion by water is an extensive and increasing problem worldwide. Albeit, this problem has been recognized as a significant hazard in Iraq, yet the number of studies on this topic is very limited. Most of the models used for estimating soil erosion contain parameters for slope length factor (LS). A major constraint is the difficulty in extracting the LS factor. Accordingly, the current study was initiated with the main objective of deriving models to predict the slope length from relatively easy to measure basin characteristics with a reasonable accuracy. To achieve the above objective, standard methodologies were employed to describe 30 main basins with the upper part of Iraq in terms linear, areal and relief morphometric parameters. The majority of the delineated watersheds were characterized by having high slope lengths indicating lower drainage density and higher erosion rate. Linear and non-linear least squares techniques were applied to predict the slope length from other basin characteristics. Different indicators were used to test the performance of the proposed models and the approach was validated using K-fold procedure at independent basins. The results indicated that the 4-parameter regression model outperformed the remaining models of watershed slope length. The regressors of this model are bifurcation ratio, perimeter, and basin length and slope gradient.
STIMULATION GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO BY BUTTONWOOD PRUNNING RESIDUES AND SPRAYING SEVERAL MICRONUTRIENTS
Authors: & Al-Amri Al-Dulaimi
Published: August 2020

This study was aimed to estimate the influence of Conocarpus erectus L. residues, and some micronutrients on growth and production of potato. This research was conducted at one of the fields of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad. The experiment was implemented using factorial arrangement (4X3X3) within randomized complete block design with three replicates. Conocarpus fertilizer was represented the first factor with three levels (7.5, 15, 30 ton.ha-1), which symbolized (C2, C3, C4). Mineral fertilizer as recommended dose as a control, which symbolized (C1). The second factor was foliar spraying with three levels of iron (0, 100, 200 mg.L-1), which symbolized (F0, F1, F2). The third factor is foliar spraying with three levels of boron (0, 50, 100 mg.L-1), which symbolized (B0, B1, B2). Results revealed that the treatments C1 and C3 produced significant results in most of studied traits such as, Leaves number (71.74, 82.26 leaves plant-1), leaves chlorophyll content (223.30, 174.11 mg 100g wet weight) and total yield (84.24, 51.98 ton h-1) for both seasons respectively, while C1 and C4 produced the most significant protein percent reached (7.53, 7.71%) respectively. The foliar application of Fe at F2 produced the highest results in leaves number (70.47, 80.18 leaves plant-1), protein percent (7.40, 7.55%) for both seasons respectively, Also the foliar application of Boron at B1 and B2 produced a significant results  in leaves number (68.58, 78.71 leaves plant-1), total yield (48.47, 76.00 ton h-1), and protein percent (7.43, 7.49%) for both seasons respectively. Furthermore, the third order interaction at the treatment C3F2B2 produced the highest protein percent (7.78%) in spring season only.
DELIVERY ROUTE OF CHAMOMILE ON THE GROWTH AND SUBSEQUENT PHYSIOLOGY OF BROILER CHICKENS UNDER E. COLI CHALLENGE
Authors: & Beski Khishtan
Published: August 2020

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels (5g/kg ,10 g/kg or litter) of chamomile flower in feed and water on performance and gut health of broiler chickens under E. coli challenge. A total of 480-day-old Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to 12 treatments each replicated 4 times with 10 birds. Oral inoculation with E. coli was on days 8 and 9 of birds age. At day 10 and 35, the interaction (p<0.05) between the experimental factors decreased the feed intake in the challenged birds supplemented with chamomile. At day 10, unchallenged birds were heavier (p<0.05) than the challenged groups.  Up to 35 days, birds on antibiotics (zinc bacitracin 360g/kg) and chamomile containing diets were heavier than other groups. The FCR improved in chamomile supplemented birds in both challenge conditions. Challenged birds had poorer FCR than unchallenged birds. The FCR improved in antibiotics and chamomile supplemented birds than those on control diets. The intestinal pH, serum lipid content decreased and serum protein profile improved by chamomile supplementation. The interaction of the experimental factors increased (p<0.0001) protein digestibility in the unchallenged birds supplemented with chamomile in their diets. Protein digestibility improved (p<0.001) in chamomile supplemented birds. The interaction of the experimental factors increased fat digestibility (p<0.0001) in the challenged birds on the lower level of dietary chamomile. Fat digestibility was higher (p<0.0001) but protein digestibility and villi were lower in the challenged birds than unchallenged groups. Longer villi were observed in the unchallenged birds on the lower level of chamomile in their drinking water and those on the highest level of dietary chamomile
DNA FINGERINTS OF TILAPIA SPECIES IN SHATT AL-AREB RIVER USING RAPD MARKERS
Authors: & et al. Faddagh
Published: August 2020

In the last decade, tilapia fish species distributed in the Iraqi inland waters. Three species; Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864) and Redbelly tilapia Coptedon zillii (Gervais, 1848) inhibiting Shatt Al-Arab River. They belong to family Cichlidae. They are very similar to differentiate among them using biometry. So, genetic markers used for species discrimination. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) protocol used to examine genetic variation and to generate DNA fingerprints of tilapia fish species in Shatt Al-Arab River. Sixty-two specimens of tilapia fish collected from Shatt Al-Arab River at the governorate of Basrah. Seven universal decamer primers selected (OPA08, OPA10, OPA13, OPA17, OPA19, OPB08 and OPC02) to create RAPD DNA fingerprint. RAPD-PCR amplification carried out and electrophoresed with 100 bp ladder. DNA bands scored and molecular weight was calculated using PhotocaptMW software. Analog histogram drew using MS-Excel. The three RAPD DNA profiles apparently were different. DNA bands scored in the three species were 67 bands. The size of DNA bands was ranged from 64 bp to 2344 bp. RAPD fingerprints were efficient to distinguish the three species of tilapia fish.  DNA markers of the three species of tilapia fish can use to achieve conservation programs of fish species in the future.
DIETARY REPLACEMENT OF SOYBEAN MEAL BY TOASTED SUNFLOWER SEEDMEAL IN THE DIET OF Clarias gariepinus: EFFECT ON GROWTH, BODY COMPOSITION, DIGESTIBILITY, HAEMATOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE LIVER.
Authors: Jimoh Wasiu Adeyemi
Published: August 2020

Dietary replacement of soybean meal by toasted sunflower meal in Clarias gariepinus diet was investigated in a 56-day feeding trial using growth, body composition, digestibility, haematology and liver histology as indices of assessment. Sunflower seed meal was toasted at 2040C for 5, 10 and 15 minutes. Control diet consist of soybean meal which was replaced by differently toasted sunflower seed meal at a rate 15, 30 and 45% to produce nine 40% crude protein, 18kj/kg test diets. Triplicate groups of fish in 70-litre capacity aerated rectangular plastic tanks were assigned to each dietary treatment at a stocking rate of 15 fingerlings (4.97±0.42g average weight) per tank in a completely randomized design. Fish were fed to satiation. Data generated from the experiment were subjected to one-way analysis of variance.  The results of the experiment revealed that up to 30% replacement level of the differently toasted sunflower had a statistically similar results with soybean-based control diets using growth, body composition, digestibility and haematology as indices. Liver histology however show that massive fatty infiltration recorded in the liver of fish fed TSF145 and TSF 345 and diffuse vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes and kupffer cell hyperplasia observed in the liver of fish fed TSF245 and TSF330.