bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Métodos de diagnóstico da leishmaniose tegumentar
Authors: Martins Ximenes Julio César , Barbosa Chaves Ana Beatriz
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: analisar os métodos diagnósticos empregados para a identificação da leishmaniose tegumentar, com finalidade de revisá-los e saber com qual frequência eles são utilizados. Metodologia: revisão da literatura, por meio de artigos da base de dados PubMed, Scielo e Lilacs, coletados no período de 2019 a 2024. Foram selecionados artigos, seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a partir dos descritores “leishmaniose”, “tegumentar” e “diagnóstico”. Resultados: este estudo revisou 13 artigos, trazendo a especificidade de cada método e sua empregabilidade e fazendo referência aos métodos usualmente utilizados e trazendo alternativas futuras de métodos mais precisos para o diagnóstico da leishmaniose tegumentar através da biologia molecular e imunoensaios. Conclusão: em conformidade com os resultados dos artigos analisados, observa-se que cada método de diagnóstico empregado tem sua utilização variada conforme a forma parasitária presente na amostra, além dos aspectos clínicos do paciente e o tempo de realização dos exames.
A relação entre os sites de apostas e o aumento de más práticas no esporte
Authors: Pinto Felipe Chiarello de Souza , Silva Rafaela Iansen Miranda
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: O artigo visa a discutir a relação entre o crescimento das apostas on-line e das partidas esportivas com movimentações consideradas suspeitas. A abordagem se inicia pela análise da regulação brasileira até o advento da Lei nº. 13.756, de 12 de dezembro de 2018, que permitiu as apostas esportivas no país. Em seguida, foram trabalhados aspectos referentes à coibição das manipulações em jogos e à criminalização da corrupção privada. Busca-se, assim, compreender quais seriam as medidas necessárias para garantir a integridade desse mercado.
Metodologia: Foram utilizados os métodos dedutivo e histórico, além da pesquisa normativa. O estudo dos regramentos das apostas esportivas e da corrupção privada no Brasil foi direcionado a estabelecer a possível relação entre o aumento das apostas on-line e, ao mesmo tempo, das partidas esportivas com movimentos suspeitos no país.
Resultados: Após longa espera, a necessidade de regulamentação do tema foi suprida pela Lei nº. 14.790, de 29 de dezembro de 2023, que impôs certos limites ao mercado de apostas esportivas on-line. Os efeitos dessas regras, porém, exigem ações do Poder Público, que deve estipular medidas para a sua melhor execução, em especial no que toca à fiscalização dos agentes operadores de apostas.
Contribuições: Ao esquematizar o panorama legislativo atual brasileiro sobre o mercado de apostas on-line, o artigo ressalta os principais desafios existentes para o desenvolvimento dessa área, contribuindo para a elaboração de medidas assertivas, destinadas a assegurar um ambiente mais seguro e transparente para os apostadores.
ΒΗΜΟΘΥΡΟ ΣΤΗΝ ΜΟΝΗ ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ ΜΕΤΕΩΡΟΥ ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΕΝΟ ΣΤΟΝ ΘΕΟΦΑΝΗ ΤΟΝ ΚΡΗΤΑ
Authors: Παπαδημητρίου Παρασκευή
Published: September 2024

Στο κειμηλιοφυλάκιο της μονής Μεγάλου Μετεώρου φυλάσσεται αδημοσίευτο βημόθυρο, απλού γραπτού τύπου, στην επιφάνεια του οποίου, στο άνω μέρος, απεικονίζεται το θέμα του Ευαγγελισμού, ενώ στο κάτω και μικρότερο σε έκταση μέρος, οι προτομές των κορυφαίων αποστόλων Πέτρου και Παύλου. Τα εικονογραφικά, τεχνοτροπικά και, κυρίως, τα υφολογικά χαρακτηριστικά του βημοθύρου επιτρέπουν την κατάταξή του στην κρητική σχολή, και συγκεκριμένα στην καλλιτεχνική δραστηριότητα του ζωγράφου Θεοφάνη του Κρητός. Το βημόθυρο πιθανότατα χρονολογείται στην τρίτη δεκαετία του 16ου αιώνα.
Μαθαίνοντας από το YouTube
Authors: Dockray Sean
Published: September 2024

Στο Μαθαίνοντας από το YouTube, ο Sean Dockray χρησιμοποιεί ένα επεξηγηματικό βίντεο στο YouTube για να παρουσιάσει το Audio Set, ένα πειραματικό πρόγραμμα που ξεκίνησε από τη «Sound Understanding Team» της Google. Το Audio Set είναι μια συλλογή μεγαλύτερη των δύο εκατομμυρίων μικρών ηχητικών αποσπασμάτων που εξάγονται από ανεξάρτητα βίντεο του YouTube και χρησιμοποιούνται ως δεδομένα για την εκπαίδευση των «συστημάτων βαθιάς μάθησης» της Google, με σκοπό να επισημάνουν εκατοντάδες ή χιλιάδες διαφορετικά ηχητικά συμβάντα κατ’ αντιστοιχία με ηχογραφήσεις πραγματικού πεδίου, όπως ακριβώς οι ακροατές μπορούν να αναγνωρίσουν και να συσχετίσουν τους ήχους που ακούνε.
Βίωμα και τεχνολογική ανατρεπτικότητα σε αναλογικά και ψηφιακά αστικά περιβάλλοντα
Authors: Περπερίδης Γιάννης
Published: September 2024

Το παρόν κείμενο εκκινεί από τη θεωρία του αμερικανού φιλοσόφου της τεχνολογίας Andrew Feenberg για να προσεγγίσει τα τεχνικά-δομικά στοιχεία των νέων αστικών σχεδιασμών των λεγόμενων «έξυπνων πόλεων», προκειμένου να αναδείξει τις κοινωνικοπολιτικές τους συνέπειες. Σε αυτή τη διερεύνηση συναντά τη φαινομενολογική αρχιτεκτονική του Γιούχανι Πάλλασμαα, η οποία εστιάζει σε ένα είδος ανθρώπινης εμπειρίας που όχι μόνο τείνει να εξαλειφθεί από τον σύγχρονο κόσμο, αλλά οδηγείται προς την εξαφάνιση μέσα από τους νέους μηχανισμούς και τα τεχνοσυστήματα, όπως οι «έξυπνες πόλεις». Μέσα από την ανωτέρω θεωρητική συμφιλίωση, το κείμενο επιχειρεί να φέρει στην επιφάνεια τη νοηματοδότηση της ανθρώπινης εμπειρίας όπως αυτή λαμβάνει χώρα στο κάθε τεχνολογικό παράδειγμα και ενσωματώνεται στον αστικό σχεδιασμό. Στόχος είναι αφενός να αναδειχθούν τα όρια του τρόπου με τον οποίο βιώνει ο σύγχρονος άνθρωπος την αστική πραγματικότητα και αφετέρου να παρουσιαστούν εναλλακτικές μέθοδοι της αρχιτεκτονικής, που μπορούν να καταλήξουν σε ανανοηματοδότηση της βιωμένης πραγματικότητας αλλά και του κοινωνικού πεδίου της καθημερινότητας του σύγχρονου ανθρώπου.
Η σχέση της χρήσης των Μέσων Κοινωνικής Δικτύωσης με προσωπικά και αθλητικά γνωρίσματα των αθλητών
Authors: Ντάικου Μαριέλα , Ρούσσος Πέτρος , Ψυχουντάκη Μαρία
Published: September 2024

Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να μελετήσει τη σχέση της χρήσης των μέσων κοινωνικής δικτύωσης (μκδ) με τα προσωπικά και αθλητικά γνωρίσματα των αθλητών. Επίσης, να εντοπίσει τις πιθανές διαφοροποιήσεις ως προς τη χρήση των μκδ ανάλογα με τα δημογραφικά τους χαρακτηριστικά. Στην έρευνα έλαβαν μέρος 219 αθλητές και αθλήτριες και για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων χορηγήθηκαν τέσσερα ερωτηματολόγια. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η ευσυνειδησία και ο νευρωτισμός συσχετίζονται με τη χρήση των μκδ αλλά με αδύναμη σχέση. Τα παραπάνω προσωπικά χαρακτηριστικά συνδέονται με τη θεωρία της προσωπικότητας των Πέντε Παραγόντων και θεωρούνται ανθεκτικά στον χρόνο και στον τόπο. Φάνηκε επίσης, ότι η χρήση των μκδ δεν εξηγεί τη διακύμανση στο αγωνιστικό άγχος και στην αθλητική αυτοπεποίθηση των αθλητών. Επιπλέον, ότι η χρήση των μκδ δεν διαφοροποιείται από την ηλικία των αθλητών, ενώ φάνηκε να διαφοροποιείται από το φύλο, με τους άντρες να σημειώνουν υψηλότερη χρήση από ό,τι οι γυναίκες. Τέλος, αναδείχτηκαν στατιστικώς σημαντικές διαφορές μεταξύ των αθλητών που αγωνίζονται σε τοπικό, εθνικό, διεθνές και ολυμπιακό αγωνιστικό επίπεδο. Φάνηκε πως οι αθλητές διεθνούς αγωνιστικού επιπέδου κάνουν μεγαλύτερη χρήση των μκδ.
The gamma-band activity model of the near-death experience: a critique and a reinterpretation.
Authors: A Shaw Nigel
Published: September 2024

Near-death experience (NDE) is a transcendent mental event of uncertain etiology that arises on the cusp of biological death. Since the discovery of NDE in the mid-1970s, multiple neuroscientific theories have been developed in an attempt to account for it in strictly materialistic or reductionistic terms. Therefore, in this conception, NDE is at most an extraordinary hallucination without any otherworldly, spiritual, or supernatural denotations. During the last decade or so, a number of animal and clinical studies have emerged which reported that about the time of death, there may be a surge of high frequency electroencephalogram (EEG) at a time when cortical electrical activity is otherwise at a very low ebb. This oscillatory rhythm falls within the range of the enigmatic brain wave-labelled gamma-band activity (GBA). Therefore, it has been proposed that this brief, paradoxical, and perimortem burst of the GBA may represent the neural foundation of the NDE. This study examines three separate but related questions concerning this phenomenon. The first problem pertains to the electrogenesis of standard GBA and the extent to which authentic cerebral activity has been contaminated by myogenic artifacts. The second problem involves the question of whether agents that can mimic NDE are also underlain by GBA. The third question concerns the electrogenesis of the surge in GBA itself. It has been contended that this is neither cortical nor myogenic in origin. Rather, it arises in a subcortical (amygdaloid) location but is recorded at the cortex via volume conduction, thereby mimicking standard GBA. Although this surge of GBA contains genuine electrophysiological activity and is an intriguing and provocative finding, there is little evidence to suggest that it could act as a kind of neurobiological skeleton for a phenomenon such as NDE.
Simplification of clean development mechanism to measure CO2 emission reductions from shifting private transportation to mass rapid transit: a case study of MRT Jakarta Phase 1
Authors: Nurdjanah Nunuj , Soesilo Tri Edhi Budhi , Mizuno Kosuke , Koestoer Raldi Hendro
Published: September 2024

Background The Indonesian government built the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) in Jakarta to reduce traffic congestion and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The objective of this study is to estimate the CO2 emissions reductions from switching from private transport to MRT by using a methodology proposed by the United Nations Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) for developing countries, namely the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) methodology, which generates Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). This methodology is more comprehensive than other available methodologies. However, this method has not been widely used to calculate greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions in mass transit projects because it is complex enough to require a lot of data based on primary surveys. Therefore, this research simplifies the CDM formula to make it easier and applicable in Indonesia. Methods The primary data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to 480 MRT Jakarta Phase 1 user respondents in September 2019 (baseline); the secondary data were obtained from The MRT Jakarta. The data were processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27. The simplified Clean Development Mechanism Approved Consolidated Methodology 0016 (CDM ACM 0016) was the analysis method used. Result The results of this study indicate that 53.75% of MRT Jakarta Phase 1 users are shifting from private transportation, which has reduced CO2 emissions by 2,732.7 tons in 2019 and 6,043.9 tons in 2023. Increasing the number of MRT passengers who switch from private transportation will further reduce CO2 emissions. Conclusion and implications The simplified CDM ACM 0016 formula may be suitable for use in Indonesia. This would enable the measurement of CO2 emission reductions through mitigation actions through MRT development to be certified by the UNFCCC. Applying this method in calculating CO2 emission reductions, implementing strategies to increase MRT passengers, and using renewable energy electricity sources would increase CO2 emission reductions.
The genome sequence of the ruby bryozoan, Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Uhl Rebekka , Bishop John , Jenkins Helen , Wood Christine , Adkins Patrick , Azzopardi Freja ,   Marine Biological Association Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: September 2024

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Bugula neritina (the ruby bryozoan; Bryozoa; Gymnolaemata; Cheilostomatida; Bugulidae). The genome sequence has total length of 216.00 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 9 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.25 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 20,264 protein-coding genes.
Challenges and opportunities in preserving intangible cultural heritage: lessons from the Demoscene
Authors: Lichnerowicz Andrzej , Grzeszczuk Maciej , Skorupska Kinga
Published: September 2024

The Demoscene is a pioneering digital culture and an art form. Its roots in Poland date back to the mid-1980s. In 2019, the Polish Demosceners, alongside their Finnish and German counterparts in the Art of Coding campaign, embarked on an initiative to advocate for the recognition of the Demoscene by UNESCO. This move highlighted the tension between the inherently decentralised and demarcating nature of the Demoscene and formal requirements of cultural heritage preservation. In this paper, we present a brief overview of the Demoscene, combining personal observations from the UNESCO enlisting process with insights gathered from a supportive study conducted among Demoscene community members. The results of this study are presented in the context of digital preservation challenges in various domains, offering a comparative perspective. The paper concludes with some insights into what information to store alongside the Demoscene productions themselves and outlines potential further work, addressing both current and emerging challenges faced by the Demoscene community.
The Lesser Poland version of Silesian folk costume Attitudes towards the Cieszyn folk costume displayed by regionalists east of the Biała River in the 21 st century
Authors: Król Tymoteusz
Published: September 2024

The Cieszyn folk costume, also referred to as the Silesian or the Valachian costume, is an important element of the cultural heritage of Cieszyn Silesia. It has been analysed in many academic and popular publications, both in terms of its material aspect and its role within the society. Thus far, however, authors focused on the region of Cieszyn Silesia in its historical borders, while in the early 20th century the Cieszyn folk costume could also be seen in what is now the Bestwina, Wilamowice and Brzeszcze communes, historically belonging to the region of Lesser Poland. Nowadays, it is worn for church ceremonies, as well as by members of folk dance and song ensembles and Rural Housewives Associations from the area. In some localities, there have been initiatives to replace the Cieszyn folk costume with others, e.g. the so-called lachowski (Lachy) attire, which used to be worn in the region and is associated with the cultural heritage of western Lesser Poland. The aim of this article is to analyse the various attitudes towards the Cieszyn folk costume as part of the heritage of western Lesser Poland. Some see it as a source of pride, others, as unwanted heritage. The analysis is based on interviews with local activists coupled with field observation and examination of photographic documentation available on the Internet.
Aksjologiczny wymiar pracy w językowo-kulturowym obrazie świata mieszkańców tradycyjnej polskiej wsi (na materiale małopolskim)
Authors: Piechnik Anna
Published: September 2024

Praca zajmuje jedną z naczelnych pozycji w ludowym systemie aksjologicznym. W tradycyjnej społeczności wiejskiej najwyżej była ceniona praca fizyczna, a zwłaszcza szczególnie bliska jej członkom praca na roli. Wykonywanie pracy podlegało bardzo drobiazgowemu oglądowi i krytycznej ocenie. Najstarsze pokolenie mieszkańców polskiej wsi nadal jest nosicielem wspomnianego systemu wartości, a o poczesnym miejscu pracy w wiejskiej aksjosferze świadczy m.in. duże bogactwo funkcjonującego współcześnie nacechowanego słownictwa odnoszącego się do pracy. Obraz pracy, zwłaszcza pracy na roli, jest zróżnicowany pokoleniowo i niejednorodny. Materiałem językowym wykorzystanym w tekście jest przede wszystkim leksyka ekspresywna określająca człowieka ze względu na jego stosunek do pracy lub na sposób jej wykonywania. Analizie zostały poddane zarówno apelatywne ekspresywizmy osobowe i nieoficjalne antroponimy wzbogacone o parafrazy motywacyjne, jak i fragmenty historii mówionych zgromadzonych podczas badań terenowych w Małopolsce.
Primary cubital tunnel syndrome – surgical treatment methods and their effectiveness
Authors: Starownik Jakub , Szewczyk Artur , Kołpaczyńska Sylwia , Niedobylski Sylwiusz , Bartoszek Lidia , Orłowska Dominika , Wójcik Aleksandra
Published: September 2024

Cubital tunnel syndrome (CuTS) is one of the most common neuropathies of the upper extremity. This condition, if left untreated, can significantly impact patients' everyday functioning and quality of life. Diagnosis of CuTS is mostly based on clinical evaluation but can be supplemented by electrodiagnostic studies, and various imaging techniques. Conservative treatments such as physical therapy, splinting, and anti-inflammatory medications are often first-line interventions. However, surgical approach may become necessary when conservative measures fail to provide relief or in cases of severe compression. There are numerous surgical approaches to treating CuTS and there is no clear consensus on one best method. Simple decompression of the ulnar nerve and its subcutaneous transposition are the most popular surgical techniques employed. Each method has its advantages and drawbacks, with varying implications for nerve recovery and postoperative complications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CuTS, while focusing on available surgical treatment approaches, their popularity and outcomes. Further research is warranted to refine surgical techniques and develop more effective interventions for this debilitating condition.
IgG4-Related Disease: Comprehensive Overview of Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnostic Challenges.
Authors: Bartoszek Lidia , Orłowska Dominika , Olszak Joanna , Zalewa Karolina , Kapłan Wojciech , Starownik Jakub , Gastoł Bartłomiej
Published: September 2024

Introduction
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a progressive and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by immune system activation and tissue fibrosis, affecting various organs such as the pancreas, kidneys, and lungs. Initially recognized in 2003, it often presents as mass-like lesions, which can mimic tumors. Despite advancements in understanding its pathology, epidemiological data are limited, and many patients remain undiagnosed due to unfamiliarity with the disease.
Aim of the study 
The aim of this article wast to summarize the latest knowledge on the diagnosis and clinical manifestations of IgG4-related disease. 
Materiał and methods 
This review is based on articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, covering the years 2007-2024, using the keywords: IgG4-related disease; autoimmune pancreatitis; retroperitoneal fibrosis; classification criteria. 
Results 
The disease's complex pathogenesis involves B and T cell activity, with genetic and environmental factors contributing. While effective treatments, like B cell depletion, exist, the disease's broad clinical manifestations and multi-organ involvement require a multidisciplinary approach for proper diagnosis and management.
Conclusion
Diagnosing IgG4-RD is challenging due to its varied symptoms, often mimicking other diseases. Key findings include high IgG4 levels and specific histopathological features. Further research is needed to understand its genetic factors, pathogenesis, and epidemiology.
Scar Formation, Healing Stages, and Advanced Treatment Strategies – Review
Authors: Do Monika Kienanh , Mikusek-Pham Van Marcin , Zaliwska Dominika , Kraszkiewicz Adrianna , Paduszyńska Natalia , Gonciarz Marta Justyna , Adamiec Dominika Karolina , Dąbrowska Anna , Kamińska Monika Anna , Czach Magdalena
Published: September 2024

Introduction and Aim of the Study: Scarring is a major concern in clinical dermatology, affecting individuals' quality of life due to both physical and psychological impacts. This review aims to explore the pathophysiology of various scar types—hypertrophic, keloid, and atrophic—and evaluate the effectiveness of current and emerging treatments to inform better clinical practices and therapeutic strategies. Description of the State of Knowledge: Scar formation involves complex biological processes: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The nature of the scar varies with the underlying cause and biological response, influenced by genetic factors, skin tension, and environmental elements such as UV exposure. Recent advances in treatments range from surgical techniques to laser therapy and biological agents like cytokines. Conclusion: The studies reviewed underscore the complexity of scar management, influenced by diverse genetic, biological, and environmental factors. No single treatment is universally effective, but a combination of preventative and therapeutic strategies shows the best promise.
benefits of triathlon disciplines in maintaining good health - a review of the literature
Authors: Zajkowska-Sierpniak Aleksandra , Cąkała Marlena , Kozioł Magdalena , Podgórniak Kamila , Szymchel Michał , Grzegorzak Filip
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
A triathlon is a multisport event comprising three individual disciplines: swimming, cycling and running. The event is structured around two transition periods, during which competitors change from one mode of transportation to another. The multidisciplinary nature of triathlon places an exceptional physiological burden on athletes, with modifications to haemodynamic, biochemical, cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters. Participation in triathlon has been linked with a number of benefits, including improved endurance, body toning and enhanced laboratory results. However, this is not an exhaustive list. Based on the evidence currently available, we will attempt to demonstrate that triathlon and its constituent activities represent an optimal approach for enhancing well-being.
Aim of the study:
The aim of this study is to demonstrate the impact of swimming, cycling and running on specific organ systems, with a  particular emphasis on the components of a triathlon. In the course of our research, we have drawn upon the findings of numerous previous studies, as referenced in the bibliography. Every effort has been made to organize and standardize this knowledge.
Congenital CMV infection - what we know about the symptoms, treatment and prevention? - Review of literature
Authors: Jaworska Barbara , Pażyra Aldona , Kusak Natalia , Żak Natalia , Różańska-Smuszkiewicz Gabriela , Smuszkiewicz-Różański Paweł , Kmiotek Weronika , Oronowicz Radosław , Ragan Dagmara , Długosz Joanna , Staszczak Paweł
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-strand DNA virus, member of the viral family known as Herpesviridae which is wide-spread. CMV infection is the most common congenital infection worldwide. Disease is mostly asymptomatic for healthy people, therefore is detected late, when the children start presenting symptoms. Unfortunately the congenital CMV infection leads to the serious health problems for infants. Detection of the virus is typically done through quantitative PCR assays. Infection especially affects nervous system and can present infant’s deafness. Earlier it was equivalent with the children being deaf till the end of life, but nowadays thanks to the development of laryngological methods (ex. cochlear implantation) patients have chance to grow up correctly. Material and methods: A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. We searched articles by entering key words in the appropriate configuration: “CMV”, “Congenital CMV infection”, “valganciclovir”, “infant’s deafness”. Scientific articles published between 1991–2023 were analyzed from all over the world and guidelines of Polish Society of Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases.Conclusions: Currently we haven’t got prevention towards congenital CMV, only the treatment for infants: valganciclovir. It stops development of severe symptoms. There are available analysis, where using valganciclovir during pregnancy reduces the possibility or soften the course of the congenital CMV infection , but it’s not the obligatory guidelines. In many countries researchers want to conduct screening test for CMV IgG among the pregnant women.
Usefulness of the cortisol:testosterone ratio in assessing the catabolic and anabolic balance of athletes
Authors: Judek Roksana , Latour Emilia , Latour Marianna , Melnyk Bohdan , Rygielski Artur
Published: September 2024

Introduction and purpose:                                                                                                                                                                                             The balance between catabolic and anabolic processes is crucial for achieving optimal athletic performance and maintaining the health of athletes. The cortisol-to-testosterone ratio (C/T) is a commonly used indicator to assess this balance, as it allows for monitoring the equilibrium between these two hormones.                                                                                                                                  This literature review aims to evaluate the utility of T/C ratio  in monitoring this balance, providing insights into its relevance for athletic training and performance. The paper is based on a relevant review of literature about the practical aspects of measuring the C/T ratio and its correlation with athletic performance, recovery, overtraining, and training adaptation were analyzed.
Description of the state of knowledge:                                                                                                                                                                      The  cortisol-to-testosterone ratio is a useful indicator for evaluating between catabolic and anabolic states in athletes. It can be practically applied to fine-tune training regimens and help prevent overtraining.However, its effectiveness is dependent on various factors, including individual variability and the influence of external factors such as sleep.
Summary:The C/T ratio remains a valuable tool for assessing the metabolic-anabolic balance in athletes. Practical aspects of measurement and interpretation are essential for its effective application. Continued research is needed to refine the use of this biomarker across different sports and training contexts.
Endometriosis: Classification, Risk factors, Diagnosis and management - Review of Literature
Authors: Kamińska Monika , Magdalena Czach , Anna Dąbrowska , Gonciarz Marta Justyna , Zaliwska Dominika , Paduszyńska Natalia , Strojny Agnieszka Aleksandra , Adamiec Dominika Karolina , Kraszkiewicz Adrianna , Do Monika Kienanh
Published: September 2024

Endometriosis is an oestrogen-dependent disease characterised by the presence of the endometrial tissue outside its normal location. Three types of endometriosis are distinguished: ovarian, peritoneal, and deeply infiltrating [1,2].The literature reports that 6-15% of the general female population suffers from endometriosis. This disease occurs mainly in women of reproductive age, but also in young women and postmenopausal women [3]. Symptoms of endometriosis include periodic pain that becomes constant, very painful menstruation, painful intercourse, as well as painful micturition or defecation. Endometriosis is present in up to 35-50% of women diagnosed with infertility. In diagnosing endometriosis, laparoscopy is of utmost importance, as it allows for simultaneous treatment of the condition. Laparoscopy should be preceded by a thorough medical history and imaging diagnostics such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The treatment of endometriosis is divided into pharmacological and surgical methods, which can be either conservative or radical. The type of treatment used depends on the patient's age and reproductive desires, the symptoms present, and the form of the disease. A proper diet and lifestyle play a significant role in the treatment of endometriosis.
Diagnosis and management of bruxism. A literature review
Authors: Góra Agnieszka , Laskowski Gustaw , Węgrzyn Piotr , Węgrzyn Konstancja , Salińska Anna , Wasilewski Marcin , Nowicki Maciej , Skwara Julia , Barański Dawid , Dąbrowska Natalia
Published: September 2024

Bruxism, characterized by involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth, is a widespread condition with multifaceted implications for oral health, physical well-being, and quality of life. This comprehensive review aims to provide an in-depth study of bruxism, encompassing its definition, classification, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and consequences. Bruxism is classified based on its timing (sleep bruxism or awake bruxism). The etiology of bruxism is multifactorial, involving physiological factors such as central nervous system (CNS) pathways, sleep disorders, and occlusal factors, as well as psychological factors like stress, anxiety, personality traits and environmental factors including medications, substances, and stressors. Clinically, bruxism can result in various dental consequences, including tooth wear, fractures and damage to restorations, as well as temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) such as myofascial pain. These manifestations can negatively impact individual's oral health, physical well-being, and overall quality of life. Management strategies include behavioral and lifestyle changes, oral appliances, dental treatments for tooth damage, and, in certain instances, pharmacological interventions. While the current understanding of bruxism has advanced, further research is needed to fully elucidate its etiology, pathophysiology, and effective management strategies.
Materialność wojennych zapisów Adama Bunscha
Authors: Gontarz Beata
Published: September 2024

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie wojennych zapisów Adama Bunscha, zmobilizowanego w sierpniu 1939 roku polskiego oficera i artysty. Składają się na nie kalendarzyki roczne, dzienniczek z jednego roku, wspomnienia, niewysłane listy do żony, szkicownik, zachowany zespół dokumentów ze służby w Polskich Siłach Zbrojnych, kalendarium, które zostały przywiezione do kraju, a obecnie są przechowywane w rodzinnym archiwum. Teoretycznym i metodologicznym zapleczem dla przeprowadzonych rozpoznań jest zaproponowana przez Pawła Rodaka do opisu materialności dzienników kategoria semioforów Krzysztofa Pomiana, wydobywająca przede wszystkim aspekt widzialny, materialny, teraźniejszy przedmiotów. Dla badacza dokumentów osobistych Adama Bunscha z czasów wojny istotne jest rozpatrywanie ich w całości. W całości bowiem ujawniają się ich wszystkie aspekty: rozmaitość i multiplikacja form, suplementarność i redundancja treści. Opisywanie materialności dokumentów pozwala wejrzeć w okoliczności ich powstawania, wydobyć ich odmienne funkcje.
„Widzi Pan, jak się spotykamy”. Wybór listów Leny Vincenzowej do Jerzego Stempowskiego
Authors: Matczak Barbara
Published: September 2024

Artykuł zawiera edycję listów Heleny (Leny) Vincenz, pierwszej żony Stanisława Vincenza, do Jerzego Stempowskiego. Prezentowany wybór z lat 1940–1945 został poprzedzony komentarzem, który ma za zadanie przede wszystkim nakreślenie kontekstu korespondencji i przedstawienie wybranych wątków wojennych, oraz notą edytorską zawierającą uwagi dotyczące edytorskiego opracowania listów.
Zapisywanie wojny. O materialności dzienników
Authors: Rodak Paweł , Libich Maciej
Published: September 2024

Wstęp do numeru.
Code and Data Repository for A Set-Covering Approach to Customized Coverage Instrumentation
Authors: Michini Carla , Ohmann Peter , Liblit Ben , Linderoth Jeff
Published: September 2024

This software is an instrumenting compiler for lightweight, customizable control-flow tracing. The compiler has embedded within it calls to the mixed-integer programming package Gurobi to implement the cutting plane method as described in the paper.
Nonstationary A/B Tests: Optimal Variance Reduction, Bias Correction, and Valid Inference
Authors: Wu Yuhang , Zheng Zeyu , Zhang Guangyu , Zhang Zuohua , Wang Chu
Published: September 2024

We develop an analytical framework to appropriately model and adequately analyze A/B tests in presence of nonparametric nonstationarities in the targeted business metrics. A/B tests, also known as online randomized controlled experiments, have been used at scale by data-driven enterprises to guide decisions and test innovative ideas to improve core business metrics. Meanwhile, nonstationarities, such as the time-of-day effect and the day-of-week effect, can often arise nonparametrically in key business metrics involving purchases, revenue, conversions, customer experiences, and so on. First, we develop a generic nonparametric stochastic model to capture nonstationarities in A/B test experiments, where each sample represents a visit or action associated with a time label. We build a practically relevant limiting regime to facilitate analyzing large-sample estimator performances under nonparametric nonstationarities. Second, we show that ignoring or inadequately addressing nonstationarities can cause standard A/B test estimators to have suboptimal variance and nonvanishing bias, therefore leading to loss of statistical efficiency and accuracy. We provide a new estimator that views time as a continuous strata and performs poststratification with a data-dependent number of stratification levels. Without making parametric assumptions, we prove a central limit theorem for the proposed estimator and show that the estimator attains the best achievable asymptotic variance and is asymptotically unbiased. Third, we propose a time-grouped randomization that is designed to balance treatment and control assignments at granular time scales. We show that when the time-grouped randomization is integrated to standard experimental designs to generate experiment data, simple A/B test estimators can achieve asymptotically optimal variance. A brief account of numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the analysis.

This paper was accepted by Baris Ata, stochastic models and simulation.

Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01205 .
Optimal Learning and Management of Threatened Species
Authors: Wang Jue , Song Xueze , Yousefi Roozbeh , Jiang Zhigang
Published: September 2024

Amid an unprecedented loss of biodiversity, a pressing issue is how to improve the efficiency of conservation with limited resources and information. Collecting data on species with a small population is costly and time consuming, and many high-stakes decisions need to be made based on limited data. We develop a partially observable Markov decision processes model with unknown parameters to jointly optimize the information collection and protection efforts for threatened species. The model takes into account uncertainties about the state, detectability, and dynamics of the species, and it adaptively adjusts the efforts of surveying and protection in real time. Although the standard formulation is intractable, we exploit the structure of ecological problems to identify a hybrid belief state in low dimensions, and we reformulate the stochastic dynamic program as a piecewise deterministic optimal control problem. This enables us to obtain structural insights into the optimal policy (some are in closed form) and find a near-optimal approximate policy with performance guarantee. In certain situations, areas where the species has never been found may be more likely to contain the species than areas where it has been previously found. We also conduct a case study on the conservation of the Hainan gibbon, the rarest primate species, in which we extend the model to optimize the spatiotemporal allocation of limited resources.

This paper was accepted by Chung Piaw Teo, optimization.

Funding: This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [Grant RGPIN-2019-05671].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01753 .
Predictors of Dropout Intention in French Secondary School Students: The Role of Test Anxiety, School Burnout, and Academic Achievement
Authors: Sperduto Chloé , Fenouillet Fabien , Boujon Christophe , Oger Marie , Martin-Krumm Charles , Osin Evgeny
Published: September 2024

School dropout intention and reduced academic achievement are two crucial indicators of school dropout risk. Past studies have shown that school performance plays a mediating role in the models explaining dropout intentions. School burnout and test anxiety have been identified as predictors of both academic performance and school dropout. However, their combined effects on the intention to leave school have not yet been investigated. We aimed to address this gap by exploring the predictors of school dropout intention in a sample of 205 French secondary school students. Structural equation modelling analyses have revealed the specific facets of school burnout (devaluation) and test anxiety (cognitive interference) that explained the school dropout intentions and academic performance. Grade Point Average (GPA) was a mediator of the effects of these variables on the intention to drop out of school. The findings highlight the need to acknowledge assessments as a school stress factor that could contribute to health problems and intentions to drop out of school.
Dar testimonio por el Otro, palabra de Levinas: el caso de Atonement de Ian McEwan
Authors: De Navascués Martínez Nicolás
Published: September 2024

Tras la resaca de la publicación de los inéditos levinasianos, ha llegado el momento de dar cuenta de manera más pausada de la fecundidad del pensar de Emmanuel Levinas acerca de la literatura. En este artículo reflexiono acerca de la categoría de «testimonio» para tratar de dar cuenta de la contradicción de testimoniar por el otro, y escojo como objeto de estudio Atonement, una novela de Ian McEwan. El testimonio se debe vincular con la responsabilidad para ser justo, y así mostrar qué puede ser una teoría de la literatura ética que no sea «meramente» humanista.
«Una experiencia menos uno». Restauración de la idea benjaminiana de experiencia en la prosa de Valeria Luiselli
Authors: Garí Barceló Bernat
Published: September 2024

Este artículo es una reflexión sobre la recepción e incorporación de la idea de experiencia de Walter Benjamin en dos obras de Valeria Luiselli: Los niños perdidos y Desierto sonoro. Tras un breve esbozo panorámico sobre la vinculación entre filosofía y lenguaje en la obra de la autora a través de la referencia cruzada Deleuze-Benjamin, se propondrá una relectura de su narrativa reciente para mostrar de qué modo su incorporación de la idea de experiencia cuaja en una defensa del collage, el pastiche y el fragmento como mecanismos de recuperación de la memoria.
What Returns, What Remains
Authors: Hobart Hi'ilei Julia Kawehipuaakahaopulani
Published: September 2024

Abstract: In February 2020, a group of Kanaka 'Ōiwi cultural practitioners arrived in Cambridge, England, to repatriate ancestral remains stolen from Hawai'i in the late nineteenth century. This essay explores the possession, return, and interpretation of these remains, specifically fourteen iwi po'o (human skulls) originating from the Pali, an important historic battle site in the Ko'olau mountain range of O'ahu. In telling the story of their possession and dispossession, I draw upon theories of haunting from Indigenous studies and Black studies in order to challenge the way that settler colonial structures work to limit and potentially foreclose Hawaiian relationships to spiritual presence and placemaking. Through the Native Hawaiian concept of ho'opahulu, which, in 'ōlelo Hawai'i (Hawaiian language), encompasses both spectrality and the exhaustion of land from overfarming, this essay highlights connections between land, spirit, and haunting that provide a more comprehensive framework for understanding spectral placemaking beyond colonial geographies. In doing so, I argue against possessive logics, showing how contemporary Hawaiian cultural geographies fundamentally refuse, upend, and replant relations that exceed the American state.
The Feel of Peace: Noise Pollution and the Sovereignty of Wind
Authors: Ikehara Sam
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This essay analyzes the interconnected struggles of US military occupation in Okinawa and Hawai'i through analysis of noise pollution, aircraft crashes, and community responses to these issues. While the violence of airbases transforms air into a space of violence, I turn to the ways that Okinawan and Hawaiian communities articulate their respective sovereignties through the wind. I read legal testimonies from the first noise pollution lawsuit in Okinawa and community testimonies from across O'ahu, putting them in conversation with poetry by Nakazato Yūgō and Brandy Nālani McDougall. Against military reports that implicate wind as a threat which facilitates aircraft accidents and death, the testimony and poetry elucidate how wind builds relation and enables the preservation of intergenerational memory. This archive challenges state formulations of "resolution" by elucidating how deeper histories than the state has considered press onto the body, carrying into the present not only historical wounds but also the capacity for their healing. The sovereignty of wind that they put forth marks a renewal of relationships to air and memory at the same time they are organized around radical returns of land, of night, of the body itself.
EAducation: Letters from Hawai'i to Palestine
Authors: Ahia Māhealani , Franklin Cynthia G.
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This essay explores ways to strengthen solidarity from Hawai'i to Palestine, in our classrooms and organizing spaces. We are particularly interested in the role that stories have to play in forging relationships of care. We look to the power that stories hold in creating bonds of friendship that are at the core of political community, and to their importance in EAducation, which we contend is central to solidarity. (As it includes the word EA , or sovereignty, breath, rising, the term EAducation bridges liberation and learning inside and beyond the classroom.) Written as a series of letters, to our readers and to one another, we theorize the significance of letters as what the Palestinian scholar and organizer Sarah Ihmoud calls "material expressions of an abolitionist praxis of decolonial love." In their form, our letters also put into practice the principles we embrace. As we explore and enact ways to build solidarity, we look to the work we do in our own classrooms, and to organizing we have done as members of Students and Faculty for Justice in Palestine at the University of Hawai'i (SFJP@UH). In documenting this history, we hope that the stories we tell will help to inspire more such stories, strengthening what Steven Salaita calls "inter/nationalism," and what Haunani-Kay Trask calls "the rope of resistance."
Une poétique du quotidien dans le "cycle vertigineux" de Ying Chen
Authors: Beaudoin Karine
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Le quotidien traverse l'écriture des sept romans du cycle de Ying Chen. Un motif plus qu'un thème, il convoque la posture impossible du personnage de l'épouse évanescente apparaissant figée dans l'inconfort d'une intériorité cassante et poreuse. À partir de la métaphore du siège, cet article examine les différentes hypostases d'un quotidien qui se fait à la fois espace de spectacle (siège de théâtre), de procès (siège du juge) et de pouvoir (siège militaire). En jouant sur nos peurs et nos fantasmes, l'écriture de Chen brosse le tableau d'une vie de tous les jours qui actualise un vide existentiel. Dans sa quête d'une origine qui se dérobe, la narratrice, par ses métamorphoses, ses dédoublements, ses obsessions, offre le récit d'une précarité propre à l'être humain, une fragilité qui, dans ses diverses manifestations radicalisées, focalisées, la mène et la ramène toujours finalement au même désir de disparaître.
Le Quotidien des femmes et son écriture dans Walaande et Munyal de Djaïli Amadou Amal
Authors: Keubeung Gérard
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Notre objectif dans cette étude consiste à analyser la vie ordinaire des personnages féminins et épouses de polygames dans Walaande, l'art de partager un mari (2015) et Munyal, les larmes de la patience (2017), deux romans de l'écrivaine camerounaise contemporaine Djaïli Amadou Amal. À partir des concepts de "routine" et de "rituel" du quotidien, nous soutenons que la vie de ces personnages de femmes, faite de violence et d'oppression, est régie par la loi rigide du patriarcat. L'irruption des "moments fatidiques" (Javeau) crée une cassure dans leur existence tissée de soumissions et laisse entrevoir ce que nous appelons un "féminisme de conciliation."
Physical prior-guided deep learning for SIM reconstruction: modeling object-to-image degradation
Authors: Jin Zitong , Dai Junkang , Liu Bowen , Wei Zhixiang , Fu Zhenan , Chen Huaian , Jin Yi
Published: September 2024

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) provides an enhanced spatial resolution of up to twice the conventional capacity. Recently, many approaches have attempted to combine deep learning frameworks with SIM reconstruction for better capability. Nonetheless, the inadequacy of training samples highlights the challenge of limited credibility and low generalization ability of deep learning, thus significantly constraining the application in biology. To tackle this issue, we propose an object-to-image plane degradation network (OIDN) guided by the physical process of optical imaging. Specifically, the proposed OIDN embeds the object-to-image plane degradation process into the reconstruction network to provide explicit guidance. With a set of learnable point spread function (PSF) parameters constrained by physical prior, OIDN successfully converts the conventional image-to-image data pattern mapping into the object-to-image plane degradation mapping that highly aligns with the optical processes of SIM imaging. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method reliably yields high-quality images across signal-to-noise ratio conditions, exhibiting superior generalization ability across diverse datasets and sample types.
Homodyne quadrature laser interferometry for the characterization of low-frequency residual vibrational noise in cryogenic trapped-ion systems
Authors: Qin Qingqing , Ou Baoquan , Wu Wei , Xie Yi , Chen Ting , Wu Chunwang , Chen Pingxing
Published: September 2024

Cryogenic trapped-ion systems (CTISs) have emerged as indispensable platforms for the advancement of quantum computation and precision measurement techniques. However, the sensitivity of these systems to vibrational noise, especially during the compression and expansion cycles of the cold head in a Gifford-McMahon cycle refrigerator (GMCR), poses a significant challenge. To mitigate this, we have crafted an innovative methodology for characterizing low-frequency residual vibrational noise in closed-cycle cryogenic trapped-ion systems. Our methodology is underpinned by a compact homodyne quadrature laser interferometer (HQLI) vibrometer system that boasts nanometer-scale accuracy. This state-of-the-art system leverages elliptic curve fitting to rectify nonlinear noise artifacts and applies an inverse tangent function to demodulation phase techniques, enabling accurate vibrational displacement measurements. Unlike the conventional approach, our scheme circumvents the introduction of extraneous vibrational noise associated with piezoelectric ceramic mirrors, which are conventionally employed to track target vibrations for locking the interference signal intensity in the reference arm. This innovation not only improves the overall CTIS performance but is also significantly applied to characterize the practical realization of quantum computation and precision measurement.