bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Água residuária gerada em tratamento de água de piscina e possibilidade de reúso agrícola
Authors: Alves Maurício Ricardo , Lucena de Aráujo Clédson , Aparecida Goularte Dombroski Solange , Coelho Pereira Fiama Raissa , Carife Bergamo Genevile
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivos caracterizar e discutir a possibilidade de reúso agrícola da água de lavagem de filtros (ALAF) da piscina de um campus universitário e avaliar sua clarificação com e sem condicionamento químico, utilizando sementes de Tamarindus indica e cal. A qualidade da ALAF foi verificada em termos de parâmetros físicos, químicos, microbiológicos e biológico. Foram realizados ensaios de clarificação por gravidade com dosagens 0 e 15 g/kg SST para os dois coagulantes. O software R foi utilizado para a análise de variância, com um nível de 5% de significância. Observou-se um potencial de reúso agrícola da ALAF após seu tratamento (para remoção de SST e alumínio total), desde que acompanhado de manejo da irrigação, para algumas culturas. Para as condições dos ensaios e requisitos da análise de variância, não houve diferença entre os coagulantes tamarindo e cal, bem como na interação destes com as dosagens, para turbidez e SST no sobrenadante e, SST e alumínio total do lodo.
Palavras-chave: Coagulantes naturais. Água de lavagem de filtro. Condicionamento químico. Tamarindus
indica. Cal hidratada. Ensaios em escala de bancada.
Análise de transientes hidráulicos e de chaminés de equilíbrio em sistemas de bombeamento de água por meio de otimização das vazões e dos volumes de reservação
Authors: Menezes Lopes Raynner , Giulian Marques Marcelo , Dai Prá Murício , Rodrigues Pereira José Almir
Published: March 2022

Neste estudo, foram aplicados dois métodos analíticos de estimativa de transientes hidráulicos a 105 Sistemas de Bombeamento de Água (SBAs) fictícios. Esses métodos foram o de Mendiluce e o de Tassinari (2017). Também foram comparados dois métodos de verificação da necessidade de chaminé de equilíbrio, no caso, o adimensional L/Hm e o tempo de desaceleração do escoamento (th). O volume da chaminé foi calculado. As vazões de bombeamento (Qb) e volume do reservatório elevado (VRE) foram otimizados por algoritmo genético evolutivo. Nos resultados, o método de Mendiluce foi recomendado para SBAs com comprimento (L) de até 500 m. O de Tassinari (2017) pode ser utilizando com o primeiro método em SBAs de L entre 500 m e 1000 m. O adimensional L/Hm foi o método com maior segurança na verificação de necessidade de chaminé. Foram ajustadas equações explícitas para que o projetista obtenha de forma prática Qb e VRE com menor custo global para o SBA.
Palavras-chave: Golpe de aríete. Algoritmo genético evolutivo. SCE-UA.
Identificação de áreas suscetíveis a inundação com o auxílio de geotecnologias na Unidade de Negócio Oeste - Sabesp
Authors: Pereira Toniolo Bruno , Collins da Cunha e Silva Darllan , Sakihama Ventura Katia , Wagner Lourenço Roberto
Published: March 2022

As enchentes, inundações e erosões urbanas são problemas advindos do impacto da antropização, que podem resultar de ocupações irregulares e ausência planejamento territorial, prejudicando a comunidade, em especial nas áreas com topografia acidentada e várzeas com jusante de aluvião. Nessas regiões, as inundações prejudicam a mobilidade dos moradores e colocam em risco sua integridade física. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi elaborar um mapa de risco à inundação na Unidade de Negócio Oeste (MO) da Companhia de Saneamento Básico do Estado de São Paulo (Sabesp), pelo uso do software livre QGIS. A metodologia utilizou a técnica Analitycal Hiearchy Process (AHP), baseando-se nos seguintes critérios: pedologia, geologia, uso e ocupação da terra, altimetria e declividade do terreno. Foram elaborados mapas para cada critério, respeitando-se as notas de influência dos intervalos e os pesos estatísticos a partir da análise hierárquica. A partir da álgebra de mapas no Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), obteve-se como resultado o mapa final de riscos a áreas de alague. A MO obteve a predominância de risco regular com 52,5% referente a uma área de 53 mil hectares, sendo que o risco de maior valor observado teve um percentual de 13,6%. A disposição geométrica das zonas de risco ficou condizente com as áreas da realidade, como por exemplo o bairro do Rochdale, em Osasco, e os vetores dos córregos inundáveis. A metodologia proposta pode ser utilizada como instrumento de suporte para elaboração de projetos ambientais e planeamento urbano que objetivem controlar as inundações e alertar aos moradores que residem nessas áreas.
Palavras-chave: Enchente. Risco. Geotecnologias. AHP.
Utilização do biocarvão como meio filtrante de wetland construído vertical empregado no tratamento de esgoto bruto
Authors: Bello Rodrigues Eduardo , Heleno Sezerino Pablo , Damasceno Silveira Daniele , Skoronski Everton , Rubens Lapolli Flávio
Published: March 2022

A utilização de diferentes materiais filtrantes tem sido alvo de pesquisas no emprego da ecotecnologia tipo wetland construído no tratamento de águas residuárias a fim de melhorar a eficiência de remoção de poluentes. Neste sentido, o presente estudo objetivou a identificação das potencialidades da utilização do biocarvão como meio filtrante em um wetland construído de escoamento vertical tipo sistema francês (WV-SF), empregado no tratamento de esgoto bruto. O módulo estudado (3,10 m² de área superficial) operou ao longo de 7 meses com uma carga hidráulica média de 0,37 m.d-1, com alternância de 3,5 dias de alimentação e 3,5 dias em repouso. As eficiências globais de remoção de poluentes promovidas pelo WV-SF foram de 73%, 85%, 56%, 78% e 87% para DQO, DBO₅,₂₀ Ptotal, NTK e SST, respectivamente. A condição em que foi operado o WV-SF representa uma redução em 60% do requerimento de área superficial de um clássico wetland Sistema Francês de dois estágios. Desta forma, o biocarvão utilizado como material filtrante neste estudo se mostrou bastante eficaz e promissor para a remoção de contaminantes de águas residuárias por meio dos sistemas wetlands construídos; além de ser um material originário de um resíduo de usina termelétrica.
Palavras-chave: Tratamento de esgoto bruto. Wetland construído. Biocarvão. Reaproveitamento de resíduos.
Simulação do rompimento de barragens em cascata em uma bacia hidrográfica semiárida
Authors: Ciríaco Silva de Oliveira Luísa , Lima Neto Iran Eduardo
Published: March 2022

A Lei 12334/2010, que estabelece a Política Nacional de Segurança de Barragens, exige a elaboração dos Planos de Segurança de Barragem. A exigência desses planos fez surgir a necessidade de avaliação do possível rompimento de barragens em nível nacional. Para a modelagem de ruptura no estado do Ceará, é importante considerar a densa rede de reservatórios existente. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir para a elaboração de estudos preliminares de ruptura de barragens em cascata, notadamente em regiões semiáridas, que possam subsidiar a elaboração de planos de contingência e estudos de mitigação de riscos. Utilizou-se o software HEC-RAS a partir da topografia extraída de um MDE com imagens SRTM para gerar os mapas de inundação. A comparação entre a área inundada obtida com o HEC-RAS e com o método simplificado MS-20S mostrou que, ao contrário do esperado, o resultado obtido pelo HEC-RAS forneceu valores mais elevados em virtude do efeito cumulativo do rompimento das barragens.
Palavras-chave: Ruptura de barragem. Simulação. Efeito cascata.
PURA SIWA MANIK DALANG DI DESA PEMARON (PERSPEKTIF FILOSOFOFIS, FUNGSI DAN BUDAYA)
Authors: Suardana I Ketut
Published: March 2022

Penelitian kualitatif ini memiliki manfaat teoritis dan praktis yang diulasmempergunakan Teori Religi, Teori Simbol dan Teori Fungsional Struktural. Dalampengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan beberapa metode, antara lain: metodeobservasi, metode wawancara, metode dokumentasi untuk mendokumentasikan kejadianyang ditunjang dari beberapa sumber pustka selanjutnya data dianalisis melalui langkahlangkah secara siklus yaitu mulai dari reduksi data, display/penyajian data, pengambilankesimpulan.Sejarah Pura Siwa Manik Dalang berawal dari perjalanan I Dewa Bagus ManikDalang yang merupakan orang yang pertama kali mementaskan kesenian wayang kulit diBali yang berasal dari Klungkung. Odalan di Pura Siwa Manik Dalang jatuh pada wukuWayang yang dimulai pada hari Minggu Wuku Wayang sampai hari Sabtu WukuWayang. Struktur pembangunan tempat suci di Pura Siwa Manik Dalang di bagi menjadidua bagian yaitu: Madya Mandala (Jaba Tengah), Utama Mandala (Jeroan).Pangempon/panyungsung Pura Siwa Manik Dalang adalah krama pemaksanDesa Pakraman Pemaron dari warga Arya Lanang Dauh serta sebagian warga PasekGelgel yang ada di Dusun Munduk Piseng, Desa Anturan, Kecamatan Buleleng. Di lihatdari segi budaya hindu pura siwa manik dalang merupakan pura yang sangat perludiletarikan karena pur tersebut dapat difungsikan sebagai pura pengobatan apabila adaorang yang lahir diantara wuku wayang sehingga perlu dib uatkan upacara penyapuleger.Dengan keberadaan pura ini umat hindu yang berada diwilayah buleleng tidakperlu lagi memohon tirta pengelukatan wayang jauh-jauh cukup dengan memohon dipura tersebut pelaksanaan upacara sudah dianggap selesai.
KURIKULUM IDEAL, KURIKULUM AKTUAL, DAN HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: Mastiningsih Ni Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Kurikulum merupakan komponen yang sangat vital harus diketahui oleh seorang guru, karena kurikulum dapat berperan sebagai tuntunan utama di dalam membuat RPP yang akan dikomunikasikan di kelas pada suatu bidang studi. Kurikulum yang digunakan untuk menyusun RPP oleh guru-guru bidang studi pada suatu sekolah menengah, yang merupakan turunan dari kurikulum ideal sering dikenal dengan kurikulum aktual. Sedangkan kurikulum yang dikeluarkan oleh Depdikbud yang seharusnya dikembangkan menjadi RPP dikenal sebagai kurikulum ideal. Makin jauh kesenjangan kurikulum aktual dengan kurikulum ideal, maka program pembelajaran yang dikomunikasikan oleh guru yang bersangkutan menyebabkan hasil belajar siswa menjadi rendah, yang berefek lanjut pada kualitas sekolah yang rendah. Sebaliknya, makin sempit, bahkan tidak ada kesenjangan antara kurikulum ideal dengan kurikulum aktual, maka program pembelajaran yang dikomunikasikan oleh guru yang bersangkutan menyebabkan hasil belajar siswa menjadi tinggi, yang berefek lanjut pada kualitas sekolah yang tinggi.
TINJAUAN FILOSOFIS, ETIKA DAN RITUAL DALAM UPACARA NGABEN MEKELIN (SWASTA BANGBANG) DI DESA BANYUSERI
Authors: Suastini Ni Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Upacara ini merupakan salah satu upacara yang unik, dan sangat sederhana baik dari pelaksanaan maupun sarana yang dipergunakan, sehingga bisa dijangkau oleh masyarakat setempat. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, adapun masalah yang ingin diungkapkan sesuai dengan tujuan yang ingin dicapai, yaitu: bagaimana filosofis, etika, dan ritual upacara Ngaben Mekelin di desa Banyuseri? Teori yang digunakan untuk membedah permasalahan ini adalah teori sistem religi dan teori simbol, sedangkan metode yang digunakan untuk mengungkap tujuan penelitian ini adalah penentuan informan, pengumpulan data dan analisis data. Filosofis Ngaben Mekelin diambil dari kisah Ramayana yang disertai dengan keyakinan penduduk desa Banyuseri sebagai penganut sekta Waisnawa sehingga pengabenan dilaksanakan secara dikubur dan menggunakan Muncuk Lalang dan Dapdap sebagai simbol orang yang meninggal apabila pada saat meninggal dulunya belum diabenkan.  Etika Ngaben Mekelin dilaksanakan dengan dua cara, yaitu: ngaben dengan disertai Sawa dan ngaben yang menggunakan Pengawak. Adapun rangkaian upacara ngaben Mekelin yang ada jenazahnya yaitu: 1. Matur Piuning, 2. Nunas Tirta, 3. Mempersiapkan Bekal, 4. Ngoncang, 5. Pebersihan/ Memandikan Layon, 6. Penguburan/ Pengabenan, 7. Nutugang/ Nelokin, 8. Nyedekang, 9. Ngingkup, 10. Majar-ajar.  Sedangkan apabila menggunakan pengawak, ngaben harus diawali dengan upacara Mungkah dan Ngreka, barulah diupacarai seperti upacara pengabenan yang ada jenazahnya. Ritual/ sarana yang digunakan sebagai bekal dalam pengabenan ini yaitu seekor babi jantan yang tidak boleh cacat dan bukan babi putih. Dalam pemakaiannya, babi ini dipotong sesuai dengan ketentuan-ketentuan yang telah ditetapkan.
PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI ZOOM MEETING PADA PEMBELAJARAN AGAMA HINDU DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Mahayoni Ni Made Sri
Published: March 2022

Dalam dunia pendidikan pada masa pandemi Covid 19, penerapan protokol kesehatan juga memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada dunia pendidikan terutama dalam proses belajar mengajar yang awalnya melalui tatap muka kini dituntut melalui dalam jaringan  (Daring). Pembelajaran melalui daring menemui berbagai tantangan dalam proses belajar langsung antara siswa dan guru pembatalan penilaian belajar berdampak terhadap psikologis anak didik dan menurunnya kualitas keterampilan murid.  Pada masa pandemi ini proses pelaksanaan kegiatan belajar mengajar di Sekolah Dasar Jembatan Budaya dilaksanakan dengan sistem belajar online atau sistem dalam jaringan (daring). Sistem pembelajaran tersebut dilakukan tanpa tatap muka secara langsung, melainkan dilakukan dengan sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh. Dengan sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh, peserta didik tidak diharuskan atau diwajibkan untuk datang ke sekolah untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran. Sebagai jawaban atas permasalahan tersebut banyak sarana yang diterapkan oleh tenaga pendidik untuk melaksanakan kegiatan belajar mengajar secara jarak jauh. Sarana pembelajaran jarak jauh tersebut tidak dapat dihindari dari perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Sarana pembelajaran tersebut di antaranya aplikasi google meet, aplikasi zoom, google classroom, youtube, televisi, maupun media sosial whatsapp.  Penggunaan media zoom meeting mempermudah pelaksanaan daring dimana peserta didik lebih mudah untuk mengakses dan mempergunakannyaa. Dengan penggunaan media ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa walaupun tanpa tatap muka. Namun masih dapat dilakukan tatatp muka melalui media zoom meeting. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian Kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan angket. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 5A SD Jembatan Budaya. Dari analisis yang dilakukan melalui penggunaan aplikasi zoom anak-anak lebih antusias dalam proses belajar mengajar selama masa pandemi ini.
KAJIAN AJARAN ETIKA DALAM KITAB SARASAMUCCAYA
Authors: Gara I Wayan
Published: March 2022

Ethics is part of the three teachings of the basic framework of Hinduism contained in the Sarasamuccaya book, the Sarasamuccaya book is a guideline for good behavior in human life, which contains religious and ethical teachings. The problem raised in this research is regarding the ethical aspects (teachings) in the Sarasamuccaya book, the purpose of this study is to examine the ethical aspects of the Sarasamuccaya book, while the benefits are expected to increase the insight and morals or ethics of Hindus as implied in the Sarasamuccaya book. The discussion of this research problem rests on three theories: religious theory, structural functional theory, and symbol theory, ethical theory, and interpretation / hermeneutic theory. The research methods consist of: (1) data collection methods, (2) documentation methods, (3) data analysis methods, the results of the assessment in this paper include: (1) Catur Purusa Artha, which consists of: dharma, artha, kama, and moksa; (2) Tri Kaya Parisudha, which consists of: kayika parisudha, wacika parisudha, and manacika parisudha; (3) respect for others and parents, and (4) the teachings of dasa yama, which consists of: Anrsangsya, ksama, satya, ahingsa, dama, arjawa, priti, prasada, madhurya,  and mardana.
TINJAUAN BENTUK, FUNGSI DAN MAKNA UPACARA MECARU PANYEEB BRAHMA DI DESA BANTIRAN, KECAMATAN PUPUAN, KABUPATEN TABANAN
Authors: Suastini Ni Nyoman
Published: March 2022

Dalam penelitian ini penulis melakukan penelitian yang berjudul: Tinjauan Bentuk, Fungsi dan Makna Upacara Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma di Desa Bantiran, Kecamatan pupuaan, Kabupaten Tabanan. Dengan tujuan sebagai berikut: 1) untuk mengetahui latar belakang dilaksanakannya Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma, 2) untuk mengetahui tata cara/ etika Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma,3) untuk mengetahui Jenis – jenis upakara yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma, 4) untuk mengetahui fungsi Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma,5) untuk mengetahui Filosofi Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma. Dalam penelitian ini penulismenggunakan metode antara lain: 1) Metode Penentuan Informan, dalam penentuan informan dipakai teknik purposive sampling dan snowball sampling 2) Metode Pengumpulan Data, digunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, 3) Metode Analisis Data dengan teknik deskriptif, dan 4)Metode Keabsahan data dengan teknik triangulasi. Dari hasil analisa yang telah dilakukan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1) Latar belakang masyarakat Bantiran melakukan Upacara Mecaru Penyeeb Brahma untuk mengatasi adanya gangguan dari para bhuta kala yang berupa penyakit, hama, dan segala keadaan yangburuk. 2)Tata cara atau etika dalam melaksanakan upacara Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma adalah menggunakan busana adat ke pura, etika berbicara memakai bahasa yang umum digunakan di desa Bantiran yaitu bahasa yang sopan dan dimengerti, tata cara pelaksanaan di awali dengan pemotongan sapi pada siang hari lalu dilanjutkan dengan pelaksanaan Upacara Mecaru Penyeeb Brahma. 3)Jenis – jenis upakaranya yang dipakai di sanggah cucuk: Canang daksina, canang taksu, tipat gong, tegen – tegenan gan gantung – gantungan. Caru karangan terdiri dari sangu apengarangan, lawar pengarangan, jaja apengarangan(cacahan), arepan penganteb. 4) Fungsi pelaksanaan upacara Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma sebagai upaya untuk menciptakan keharmonisan antara manusia dengan para bhuta kala dengan jalan mempersembahkan sesajen berupan banten.5) filosofis dari pelaksanaan Mecaru Panyeeb Brahma adalah cara yang dilakukan masyarakat desa bantiran untuk menetralisir pengaruh panas bumi yang disebabkan oleh para Bhuta kala sehingga masyarakat terhindar dari segala gering (bencana).
LONTAR YAMA PURWANA TATTWA
Authors: Seriasih Ni Wayan
Published: March 2022

Lontar Yama Purwana Tattwa adalah Salah satu lontar atau naskah tradisional Bali yang bernafaskan siwaistik yang memuat tentang tuntunan upacara pitra yadnya baik dari upacara, upakara dan sarana bade atau petulangan yang di gunakan dalam upacara ngaben. Naskah aslinya memakai aksara Bali dan telah dilakukan alih aksara serta alih bahasa ke dalam huruf latin. Telah pula diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Indonesia oleh tim penterjemah, yang tujuannya adalah guna memudahkan memahami isi yang terkandung di dalam naskah tersebut. Keseluruhan naskah ini (lazimnya dikenal oleh masyarakat Hindu di Bali adalah lontar) terdiri atas 16 lembar atau helai daun lontar (siwalan).
SEBUAH DESKRIPSI WACANA PUJA SARASWATI SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI KOMUNIKASI UMAT HINDU
Authors: Gara I Wayan
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dan memberikan sebuah deskripsi tentang hari suci puja Saraswati di pura kampus STKIP Agama HinduSingaraja dan puja Saraswati sebagai representasi komunikasi umat Hindu, Civitas Akademika STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja. Dalam pembahasan masalah penelitiannya digunakan teori eklektik, yang meliputi: teori azas religi, teori interaksionisme – simbolik; teori komunikasi kontekstual (personal, kelompok, dan organisasi) dalam kerangka model komunikasi (linear, interaksional, dan transaksional). Demikian pula digunakan pendekatan natural dan observasi - partisipatif dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan penelusuran dokumen dengan teknik rekam, pencatatan, danfotografi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode reduksi data, penyajian data,, simpulan dan verifikasi hasil penelitian.Hari suci puja Saraswati, turunnya dewi ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (iptek) dirayakan oleh Civitas Akademika STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja di pura kampus setempat dalam setiap enam bulan (210 hari) sekali pada hari Saniscara Umanis Watugunung, yang pada tahun ini jatuh pada tanggal 30 Januari 2021. Rangkaian perayaan hari suci Saraswati yang jatuh pada wuku Watugunung berkaitan dengan rangkaian perayaan hari suci Pagerwesi yang jatuh pada wuku Sinta. HaL itu, ada pertaliannya dengan cerita (mitologi) Sang Watugunung yang gugur dalam perangtanding melawan dewa Wisnu. Puja Saraswati sebagai sebuah wacana (berbingkai) ritual dewa yadnya - naimitika upasana, representasi komunikasi Umat Hindu, Civitas Akademika STKIP Agama Hindu Singaraja. Hal tersebut ditandai dengan terjadinya tindakan komunikasi para partisipan, komunikator dan komunikan, antara lain: Pimpinan Lembaga berkoordinasi, bekerjasama, dan berkomunikasi dengan Jero Mangku, Manggala Pangenter Sembahyang, dan sebagainya untuk mengantarkan persembahan dan persembahyangan bersama pamedek umat sedharma agar memperoleh anugerah iptek, keselamatan, dan kebahagiaan dengan penuh rasa yakin serta bersyukur kepada Tuhan / Sang Hyang Widhi dengan berbagai manifestasiNya, terutama ista dewata,Sang Hyang Aji Saraswati.
PELAKSANAAN PUJA TRI SANDYA PADA MASYARAKAT DI DESA PAKRAMAN SUKASADA
Authors: Subrata Gede Harja
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kulitatif yang bertujuan untuk  mengetahui bagaimana bentuk, fungsi dan makna dari Pelaksanaan Puja Tri Sandya pada masyarakat di Desa Pakraman Sukasada, apa saja hambatan yang ditemui umat dalam pelaksanaan persembahyangan Puja Tri Sandya, serta solusi apa saja yang dapat diambil agar pelaksanaan Puja Tri Sandya dapat dilaksanakan sesuai anjuran yang telah ditetapkan. Informan ditentukan berdasarkan Puposive Snowball. Data dalam penelitian  ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan teknik pencatatan dokumen. Selanjutnya data yang didapat dianalisis dengan proses reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Data hasil wawancara yang didapat dikaji dengan Teori Religi, Teori Struktural Fungsionalisme, Teori Makna, Teori Fungsi dan Teori Konflik untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan Puja Tri Sandya pada masyaraka di Desa Pakraman Sukasada. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pelaksanaan PujaTri Sandya di Desa Pakraman Sukasada secara bersama-sama dalam kesehariannya sudah berjalan dengan baik. Namun untuk pelaksanaan yang dilakukan secara pribadi-pribadi oleh umat setiap harinya masih perlu peningkatan. Hal ini dikarenakan oleh faktor pekerjaan yang berhubungan dengan kondisi ekonomi dari masing-masing umat. Sehingga dari waktu pelaksanaan yang sudah ditetapkan sebanyak tiga kali dalam sehari, saat pagi hari, siang hari dan sore hari, terkadang umat melaksanakan persembahyangan Puja Tri Sandya ini tidak sesuai dengan waktu tersebut, mengingat perbedaan situasi dan kondisi yang dialami.Pelaksanaan Puja Tri Sandya yang merupakan salah satu bentuk pengamalan ajaran Bhakti Marga. Sebagai mahkluk ciptaan Tuhan kita berkewajiban untuk melaksanakan persembahyangan secara berkesinambungan. Pelaksanaan Puja Tri sandya sudah terlaksana baik di Desa Pakraman sukasada secara bersama-sama setiap harinya. Namun untuk yang pribadi masih perlu peningkatan. Faktor penghambat pelaksanaan persembahyangan ini adalah pekerjaan. Solusi yang dapat dipakai yaitu dengan menghimbau dan memberikan pengarahan, menggunakan pengeras suara dalam pelaksanaanya, membagi umat sesuai situasi dan kondisi umat, dan dengan memberikan sanksi berupa denda.
ASSOCIATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS AND ACCESS TO WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE FACILITIES: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON NATIONAL SAMPLE SURVEY 2018
Authors: Suchitra Pandey
Published: March 2022

Using the 76th round of the National Sample Survey (NSS) Drinking Water, Sanitation, Hygiene, and Housing Condition survey, this article demonstrates that there is significant interstate disparity in access to individual and combined WASH facilities. According to the findings, the odds of a household having access to WASH facilities increase if it is headed by a female and the household head has a higher level of education.
EFFECT OF YOGIC PRACTICE ON PSYCHOLOGICAL VARIABLES BETWEEN FOOTBALL AND KHO-KHO PLAYERS
Authors: Mr. Ramakant Tripathi  , Prof. Srikanta Mishra
Published: March 2022

Physical culture in India has long been linked to religious traditions. Yogasanas, Suriyanamaskars, Pranayama, and games like football, Kho-Kho, and Atyapatya have all become popular. Football and kho-kho are two of India’s most popular traditional sports. It has not, however, become as popular as other sports, despite the fact that it has paved the road for players at college level to achieve a certain degree of physical fitness. The researcher wants to play this game and see what happens if he combines some technical training, such as aerobic and anaerobic interval training, with some yogic practises. The goal of combining yoga with other training is to see if these yogic practises can help with the Physical exercises in the form of aerobic and anaerobic exercises, as well as yogic practises, have been shown to contribute to the development of physical, physiological, and psychological characteristics in previous studies. There was a lack of research to show whether combining aerobic interval training with yogic practises and anaerobic interval training with yogic practises contributes to the development of selected psychological variables, particularly among kho-kho and football players. The goal of this study was to see how yogic practises, affected selected psychological responses in kho-kho and football players. Ninety kho-kho and football players who had represented their colleges in inter-college competitions were chosen at random as subjects for this study to meet the study’s goal. The players ranged in age from 18 to 26 years old and came from Baliapal College of Education, Baliapal, Odisha. The kho-kho and football players had identical academic work and regular activities in accordance with their curriculum standards, and they followed a training programme to prepare for inter-college contests.
KEY WORDS: Yogic Practice, Psychological Variables, Anxiety, Aggression, Stress
Wassily Kandinsky at the Exhibition "Meisterwerke muhammedanischer Kunst" in Munich, 1910
Authors: Christensen Emily
Published: March 2022

In 1910, Wassily Kandinsky attended the Munich exhibition Meisterwerke muhammedanischer Kunst and subsequently wrote a review of it for the Russian literary journal Apollon. His review, which almost exclusively discussed the Persian paintings on display, provides insights into Kandinsky’s way of seeing and understanding these objects at a significant moment in his artistic development. The most compelling aspect of his review is his repeated articulation of the sense of revelation that he experienced in front of these works. Conveying a sense of revelation through his own paintings was Kandinsky’s primary goal in this period, and was a concept he struggled to formulate in his art. I argue that Kandinsky developed one of his primary artistic strategies in response to a specific practice that he had first encountered at the Meisterwerke exhibition: the Persian artist’s practice of painting hidden forms within a composition. This article looks closely at a work from the exhibition, Sleeping Rustam (attributed to Sultan Muhammad, 1515-1522), which incorporates hidden figures in its rock formations, a practice described as demanding careful and sustained scrutiny by the viewer before the faces and forms reveal themselves. Kandinsky himself wrote later that his works from 1910, “dissolved objects to a greater or lesser extent within the same picture, so that they might not all be recognized at once and so that these emotional overtones might thus be experienced gradually by the spectator, one after another”; a process that the author believes he may have adapted from Persian paintings.
Encounter with the Architecture of the Islamic World as Turning Point in the Transformation of Artistic Expression
Authors: Kalnača Ieva
Published: March 2022

One of the most important Latvian artists of the early twentieth century, Jāzeps Grosvalds (1891-1920), was interested in the “Oriental” world since his adolescence. His first real meeting with the imagined Oriental atmosphere took place in 1913, when he traveled to Spain and visited Toledo, Córdoba, Seville, and Granada. The trip impressed him by the versatility of colors, light, ambience, and architectural forms, and was depicted in a sketch book. Nevertheless, the real transformation of Grosvalds’ artistic expression occurred during his travels through (then) Persia. Due to the circumstances of World War I, at the end of 1917 he joined the Mesopotamian Front under the English Command. The campaign took place in 1918, and he crossed Iran and Iraq. Despite at times very difficult conditions, throughout his travel Grosvalds captured his impressions in sketch albums and watercolors, being interested in architectural, scenic, and anthropological studies. His oeuvre from this period shows a certain level of abstraction, and almost nothing of the idyllic and luscious depiction, characteristic for many Orientalist painters. One of the most interesting evaluations of his Persian artworks was provided by the famous French artist Amédée Ozenfant (1886-1966) in 1940, when he published an article on Grosvalds’ art. Among other things Ozenfant emphasizes that Grosvalds had not depicted picturesque scenes, had not copied what he saw in front of his eyes as many others have done. Grosvalds’ watercolors have a special effect and power; they are fruits of creativity, being not superficially loaded with exotic charm, but synthesizing and transforming its magic.
modernité "orientale"
Authors: Kluczewska-Wójcik Agnieszka
Published: March 2022

Oriental influences present in Polish culture since the Middle Ages and incarnated by the idea of “sarmatisme” were re-evaluated or outright rejected by the young modernist generation. In fact, at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century the traditional Polish “Orientality” was replaced by a wave of interest for the aesthetics of Islamic art, a reflection of the European “Oriental renaissance”. The Polish imaginarium had long associated the art and culture of Islam uniquely to the Middle East and its craft. The romantic epoch brought with it a new interest for medieval Spain, Granada in particular, its history and monuments, reflected in the poetry of Adam Mickiewicz and the museographic realisations of Izabela Czartoryska at Puławy or Tytus Działyński at Kórnik. If architectural projects, principally of “Moorish” synagogues and internal decorations for aristocratic and bourgeois palaces still belong to a nineteenth century oriental current, they do however already reveal a will typical of pre-war decades by virtue of granting significance to Islamic decorative principles. In the first decades of the twentieth century, “à l’orientale” motifs recurrent in fashion and the visual universe, as witnessed by contemporary novels, found a sort of counterpoint in propositions made by representatives of the Polish applied art revival movement, successful hybridization of European, oriental and popular models: fabrics, carpets, metal and leather objects of artists from the Warsztaty Krakowskie (Cracow workshops, founded 1913) such as Józef Czajkowski, Wojciech Jastrzębowski, Bonawentura Lenart, and Karol Tichy, “javano-cracovian” batiks of young workshop apprentices or even the glazed ceramics of Stanisław Jagmin. Displayed at the 1925 Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts in Paris, the Cracow Workshop adherent’s productions draw the attention of the European public and critics on this peculiar breed of national “primitivist” style tainted with Orientalism.
Effets d'une séquence d'écriture collaborative sur l'apprentissage du lexique au 3e cycle du primaire
Authors: Roy-Vallières Maude , Fejzo Anila
Published: March 2022

Cette recherche explore les effets d’une séquence d’écriture collaborative sur l’apprentissage du lexique chez des élèves de 6e année du primaire scolarisés en français. Deux groupes de sixième année ont participé à cette étude quasi expérimentale. Chaque groupe a participé à deux séances de préparation, ainsi que trois séances d’écriture précédées par un enseignement explicite de 5 mots cibles. Les participants du groupe expérimental écrivaient en équipe de quatre tandis que ceux du groupe contrôle écrivaient individuellement. Avant et après l’intervention, des mesures de la connaissance des mots ciblés par l’intervention ont été prises auprès des deux groupes de recherche. Les résultats d’une analyse de variance ANOVA n’ont révélé aucune différence significative entre les deux groupes sur le plan de l’apprentissage des mots cibles. Nos résultats suggèrent que l’écriture collaborative et l’écriture individuelle mènent à un apprentissage semblable des mots et invitent à réfléchir aux conditions qui favorisent l’enseignement du lexique.
Dual Language Books Go Digital: Storybooks Canada in French Immersion Schools and Homes
Authors: Zaidi Rahat , Metcalfe Robin , Norton Bonny
Published: March 2022

In response to Canada’s growing ethnic, cultural, and linguistic diversity, educators in French immersion classrooms are increasingly responding with enhanced cross-linguistic initiatives, and dual language books are promising resources in the promotion of multilingualism (Zaidi, 2020; Zaidi & Dooley, 2021). This paper details a research project we completed in a 2019 classroom-based qualitative case study in a French immersion school experiencing an increasing enrollment of linguistically diverse students. The researchers sought to determine if Storybooks Canada, a free digital platform with 40 dual language books in multiple languages, could help promote literacy engagement and strengthen home-school connections. Five teacher participants identified a range of features that make the platform a useful resource for promoting literacy engagement, text comprehension, learner autonomy, meaning-making, and instructional differentiation. These included (i) the multilingual features, (ii) the ability to project stories on a large screen, (iii) the audio component, (iv) the illustrations, and (v) the different levels of text difficulty. While teachers made almost exclusive use of the French language features of the site, for classroom purposes, they supported cross-linguistic uses of the platform in the home context, with a view of strengthening home-school connections.
The Potential of Bilimbi Leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) Extract as Irrigation Solution to Remove Smear Layer in Dental Root Canal: An Invitro Study
Authors: Putri Windy Fanika , Steven Wijaya  , Dian Soraya Tanjung
Published: March 2022

Background: Root canal treatment is performed to eliminate the infection in the pulp tissue. One of the critical steps in root canal treatment is irrigation, which aims to clean debris and smear layer. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of star fruit extract (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% with EDTA 17% in cleaning the smear layer on the one-third of apical root canals.

Methods: This type of research is an experimental in vitro laboratory with a post-test only control group design. The sample of this study consisted of 25 premolars which were randomly divided into five groups. The teeth were instrumented with a K-file and irrigated with the following materials: groups I, II, III, and IV using bilimbi leaves extract, each with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% and group V (positive control). ) using 17% EDTA. SEM (scanning electron microscope) was used to measure the cleanliness score of the smear layer on the apical third of the root canal. This study showed that bilimbi leaves extract was able to clean the smear layer on the one-third of the apical root canal.

Results: The results of the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test showed a significant difference (p<0.05) between all treatment groups. The highest average smear layer cleanliness score in the apical third of the root canals was EDTA 17%, while the lowest average smear layer cleanliness score was 5% bilimbi leaves extract.

Conclusion: Bilimbi leaves extract with a concentration of 20% was considered more effective among the extract groups, and 17% EDTA was the most effective in cleaning the smear layer on one-third of the root canals.
Efforts to Increase Consumer Buying Interest and Satisfaction through the Influence of Price and Product Perception on the Social Safety Net West Nusa Tenggara Gemilang
Authors: Zulkieflimansyah  , Santoso Agus , Hartini  , Maradita Fendy , Nurjihadi Muhammad
Published: March 2022

The social safety net (JPS) is one of the eight flagship programs of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) Gemilang. JPS is an aid provided by the government in the form of a package containing nine staples for communities affected by the pandemic. This research aims to test the influence of price and product perception on consumer buying interest and consumer satisfaction in the people who receive the help of JPS NTB Gemilang. NTB people who received this program package became a population in this study, with 100 respondents taken from each province in NTB using questionnaires and data analysis using the structural equation model. The results showed that price perception affects consumer buying interest, products affect consumer buying interest, price perception affects consumer satisfaction, products affect consumer satisfaction. This research resulted in the perception of prices by the community and local products used in the program can increase people's buying interest in products in the program and provide satisfaction felt by the community after receiving packages in the JPS NTB Gemilang program.
Underselling Hawking
Authors: Carr Bernard
Published: March 2022

Stephen Hawking was an icon of twentieth-century science, renowned for his contributions to physics and his battle against motor neuron disease. But four years after his death, Charles Seife painted a different picture in Hawking Hawking, a biography portraying Hawking as a second-rate physicist who manipulated media for his own fame. Hawking’s student Bernard Carr shares his counter-perspective.
Needham and the Yijing
Authors: Smith Richard , Wu Shellen
Published: March 2022

Modern science and technology arose in the West after Galileo, but did not similarly arise in China. Was it the Yijing that stood in the way of Chinese scientific development?
Landslides and related phenomena on Suduroy, the Faeroe Islands
Authors: Jørgensen Gunni
Published: March 2022

The formation of landslides on Suduroy, the Faeroe Islands, is greatly favoured by the geological setting and the tectonic pattern of the island. Some landslides involve lavas, the coal-bearing sequence and the luff-agglomerate zone, which served as lubricating agents for the slipped masses. The biggest landslides occur along scarps with the direction NW-SE and are believed to have a relation to the lamellar zones which are characterized by closely spaced fissures. The NW-SE trend is the main tectonic direction on Suduroy.
The Effect of Apprehension in English Speaking Performance on EFL
Authors: Ibrahim Estabraq Rasheed
Published: March 2022

English language provides the way to connect with diverse cultures and gives an open door to the world communication. So, being able to express ourselves via using a foreign language will support to make a real connotation with people and recognize more about their lifestyles. As such, the current research is related with the effect of apprehension in English speaking performance on EFL. In focus, the purposes of research is to introduce a literature review about the topic via detecting the level of speaking apprehension, viewing the speaking apprehension's kind and elucidating the fundamental aspects that lead to speaking apprehension among Iraqi EFL students. The research's sample consists of (25) students in 3rd year at University of Mustansiriyah Faculty of Basic education department of English in 2020-2021. The researcher forms a procedure as to accomplish the goals of the study, and for investigating the effect of apprehension on English speaking performance on Iraqi EFL students, he makes a questionnaire as a study instrument to collect data, then, employing the questionnaire on the sample and lastly scrutinizing the data, deliberating the outcomes and constructing some conclusions.
The Economic Behavior Theory -The Nudge Theory : An Appraisal
Authors: Parashar Dr Suhasini
Published: March 2022

The behavioral economics is making a significant impact on economic theory and economic policy. Behavioral economics with intuitive appeal, seeks to work with human limitations. Nudge theory becomes an important aspect to study about behavioral economics, political theory and behavioral sciences, as ways to influence the behavior and decision-making of groups or individuals. Nudge theory explains consumer behavior can be influenced by small suggestions and positive views. Nudges decrease low market performance, save the Government money, encourage the actions and help to increase the efficiency of resource use and their effect. Nudge helps to choose an option socially desirable beneficial for better public healthcare, civic sense and social harmony. Humans being need encouragement or intervention as nudge to do what is best for the country or society at large .
Evaluating the Impact of Telework on Improving Employee Performance - a study in a number of companies for Internet services in Iraq
Authors: Hamza Widyan Hassan , Salih Prof. Dr. Salahaldeen Hussein
Published: March 2022

The study aimed to determine the level of correlation and influence between the dimensions of remote work and the performance of employees in the search community companies. Which includes companies (Earthlink), (Supercell), (Al-Jazeera), (Ornit) and (Hrins), which are specialized in providing Internet services to the beneficiaries in Baghdad, and the study sample was determined using The comprehensive inventory method in view of the limited number of targeted employees, who numbered (119) individuals. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach, as data and information were collected through the questionnaire, which was a major tool in data collection, in addition to personal interviews with the concerned departments and workers in those companies. The data was processed statistically through the statistical analysis program (SPSS.25) and the extension (AMOS), as a number of statistical methods were used in the field of descriptive and analytical statistics. The study reached a number of results, the most prominent of which was the presence of significant correlation and impact relationships between the independent variables (remote work), the dependent (worker performance),One of the most prominent conclusions was that the respondents’ views were in general agreement on most of the paragraphs of the questionnaire, which indicates a high harmony among the employees of the companies surveyed by virtue of the great symmetry in the field of activity, and the tendency in this agreement was in favor of the main variable (remote work). Presented search several recommendations and proposals that would advance the reality of companies' work to provide a better service that meets the needs and aspirations of the beneficiaries.
The Impact of Foreign Indirect Investment on Financial Sustainability: Empirical Study in Sample of Iraqi Banks
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed S. , Hussein Ghadhanfer A. , Obaid Ali J.
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the study is to find out the extent of the role of foreign indirect investment in achieving financial sustainability in banks and financial institutions.to achieve this, the "Trade Bank of Iraq" was chosen as a sample for the study. The data were collected from annual financial reports for a period of time (from q1 2018 to q4 2020) and the analytical approach was adopted. The results indicate that there is a statistically significant impact of the volume of indirect foreign investment that is represented by the volume of trading and the movement of shares on the indicators of financial sustainability of the study sample bank. In light of this, the study recommended the necessity of attracting foreign direct investment by developing dealing mechanisms and granting the necessary facilities to attract foreign investors.
REFERENCE SERVICES IN PRIVATE UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES OF ASSAM DURING COVID- 19 PANDEMIC: A STUDY
Authors: Boro Shyamanta , Singh Sanjay Kumar
Published: March 2022

The cause of the present study was to explore the private university libraries of Assam and to determine their library working practices and to investigate the different library practices and strategies that had been applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study basically gives special emphasized on utilization of reference services in online and offline modeto the academic user community where the data has been collected through designed questionnaire or in-depth personal interviews.
For the study six private university libraries of Assam have been selected and that all the selected private university has been established as per the Assam private university act 2007. During the pandemic all the university libraries were closed for the library users but digital and online library services are being provided by the library professional with different systematic and collective resources. During this Pandemic all the private university library makes an effort via library webpage’s, social media and online tools.
ઉદ્યોગમાં માનવ આંતરસંબંધો
Authors: Thakar Nirav
Published: March 2022

ઔદ્યોગિક જગતમાં ઔદ્યોગિકસંબંધો તેમજ માનવ આંતર-સંબંધનું મહત્વ ઘણું બધું રહેલું છે. જે ઉત્પાદકીય સાહસને સફળ બનાવે છે. જરૂરી નાણા, ઊંચા પ્રકારનો કાચોમાલ, આધુનિક ટેકનોલોજી, યાંત્રિક સાધનોની સામગ્રી, વાહન વ્યવહાર, સંદેશાવ્યવહારના સલામત સસ્તી ઝડપી સેવા, ઊંચી કાર્યક્ષમતા, ઝડપી ઉત્પાદન માટે જરૂરી છે પણ ઉદ્યોગોએ માત્ર યંત્રો, કાચો માલ, કે નાણાંનું જ સંયુક્ત પરિણામ જ નથી.તેમાં ઔદ્યોગિક સંબંધોના પ્રાણનીઅત્યંત આવશ્યકતા છે
કામદાર,માલિકો અને સરકાર રૂપી ત્રિવેણી સંગમમાંથી ઓધોગિક સંબંધનો જન્મ થાય છે. તો દરેક સંબંધનો પાયો નો હેતુ માલિક - કામદારો વચ્ચે સુમેળભર્યા તંદુરસ્ત અને મજબૂત સંબંધ સ્થાપવાનો છે.
કામદારોની કાર્યક્ષમતા અને ઉત્પાદકતા માટે ઉત્પાદન વૃદ્ધિમાં, ગુણવત્તામાં સુધારો, આધુનિક ટેકનોલોજીકલ વિકાસને અનુસરવા કામદારોના હિતની હિફાજત કરવા ઉદ્યોગ અને રાષ્ટ્રીય હિતનું સવર્ધનકરવા, સંઘર્ષ ઘટાડવા અને મટાડવા, જુસ્સો વધારવા,શિસ્ત સ્થાપવામાં, ઉત્પાદન પ્રક્રિયા સાથે સંકળાયેલા સૌની સાથે કામદાર અને સંચાલક સાથે પરસ્પર શ્રેષ્ઠ સમજવાનું કે હેતુ ઉભો કરવા, સુમેળભર્યાઉદ્યોગિક વાતાવરણ પૂરું કરવા, ઉદ્યોગિક શાંતિ જાળવવા, ઉદ્યોગ અને સર્વાંગી વિકાસ કરવામાં અત્યંત મહત્વનો ભાગ ભજવે છે.
કર્મચારીએ સંચાલકો અને માલિકોની માફક જ માનવી છે. તેથી તેઓને માનવ અધિકારીથી વંચિત રાખી શકાય નહિ. અને તેનું ગૌરવ થવું જોઇએ.
અમેરિકાના મહાન ઉદ્યોગપતિ હેનરી ફોર્ડ જીવનમાં બનેલા એક પ્રસંગ માનવ સંબંધો એક રસપ્રદ ઉદાહરણ પૂરું પાડે છે. એક વખત ફોર્ડ પ્લાન્ટમાં હડતાલ પડી હતી તેના સમાધાન માટે સરકારને નિષ્ફળતા સાંપળેલી, અત્યંત આત્મવિશ્વાસ સાથે હેન્રી ફોર્ડે હડતાળિયા કામદારોએ પાસે તેમના સંબંધો માટે ગયા. અને તેમને બહુ જ શાંતિથી અતૂટ શ્રદ્ધા પૂર્વક તેમને કહ્યું “યુ આર માય ચિલ્ડ્રન,આઈ એમ યોર ફાધર, પ્લીસ ગો બેકટૂ વર્ક”ખરેખર આની જાદુઈ અસર થઇ. હડતાળિયા કામદારોએ તરત જ પોતાના કામ પર ચડી ગયા માનવ સંબંધો આ ચમત્કાર છે.
શહેરીકરણ, મજૂરોનું વધતું જતું કદ, રાજકીય રંગોની રંગાતા,કામદાર સંગઠનો સંચાલકો, દ્વીધારી સરકારી નીતિ, ઉદ્યોગને અસર કરતા ટેકનોલોજીકલ પરિવર્તન અને ઉદારીકરણ વગેરે સમસ્યા માનવ સંબંધોનું મહત્વ વધારે છે.
ઔદ્યોગિક ક્રાંતિ પહેલાંના સમયમાં ઉદ્યોગપતિઓએ તેમના કર્મચારીને માત્ર તેના સાધન તરીકે જ ગણતા હતા. તેઓએ માનવ સંબંધોની સરેઆમ અવગણના કરી હતી. પરંતુ ત્યાર બાદ સમય જતાં ઉદ્યોગપતિ સમજતા થયા છે કે ઉદ્યોગમાં યંત્ર તથા માનવીનું પણમહત્વનું સ્થાન છે.
કોઈપણ માનવી બેરીતે કાર્ય કરતો હોય છે. એક તો વ્યક્તિ કે બીજું જૂથમાં. જેથી માનવ સંશોધન અભ્યાસ વખતે આ બંને ધ્યાન આપવું જોઈએ. માનવીના કાર્ય પર જુદા જુદા પરિબળો અસર કરતાં હોય છે. તેમજ દરેક માનવી પોતાની રુચિ ગમો-અણગમો ઈચ્છા રહેલી હોય છે. આ માટે ઉદ્યોગમાં કામ કરતા કર્મચારીએ પણ માનવી છે. તેને સંચાલકો માત્ર પોતાના કર્મચારી જ ન કરતા તેના સમગ્ર વ્યક્તિ તરીકે સ્વીકાર કરવો જોઈએ. આ ઉપરાંત સંચાલકોએ ઉદ્યોગ માટે સંગઠન ઊભું કરવું જોઈએ. જેનાથી સંગઠનતંત્રના ધ્યેયો સિદ્ધ થાય.
માનવ સંબંધોમાં મેળવવા કરતા આપવાની ભાવના વિશેસ રહેલી હોય છે. આ માટે સંચાલકોએ કર્મચારીની જરૂરીયાત અસરકારક રીતે સંતોષાય જયારે કર્મચારીઓ વ્યવસ્થાપન ભૂમિકા ભજવે. સુખદ માનવ સંબંધો કર્મચારીની જરૂરિયાતો અસરકારક રીતે સંતોષ તેમજ ઉપભોક્તાની જરૂરિયાતો પણ સંતોષાય છે. આ રીતે સુખદ માનવ સંબંધોને લીધે જાહેર સંતોષ થાય છે.