bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nanopriming
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Kumar Chiranjeev , Manhas Shilpa , Sharma Ankita , Jaswal Richa
Published: August 2023

Sustainable crop production required steady and balanced means of nutrients and other growth factors during the crop growth period. Heavy metal accumulation in plant and soil ecosystems along with its toxicity effects is much more pronounced in crops. Heavy metals interfere with crop germination, plant nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and response to fertilizer and organic inputs which in turn make crops vulnerable to various adverse conditions. Priming seeds and other plant propagating materials with suitable nano-priming materials may enhance the overall plant photosynthetic rate, enhance vigor, and increase plant biomass with ensuring food security and productivity in a long-term approach. Nano priming with nano-materials has higher efficiency due to its smaller size and large surface area coverage which then perfectly adsorbed on the surface of plant growing materials such as seed and other materials to remove the attachment and concentration of heavy metals in plants.
Seed Nanopriming
Authors: Singh Abhishek , Agrawal Shreni , Rajput Vishnu D. , Ghazaryan Karen , Movsesyan Hasmik S. , Minkina Tatiana , Al Tawaha Abdel Rahman Mohammad , Alexiou Athanasios , Singh Badal , Gupta Santosh Kumar
Published: August 2023

Soil salinity, one of the main abiotic risks to agricultural products, lowers agricultural yields, and as a result, the world's rising population confronts substantial food challenges. It's one of the world's most pressing abiotic issues, affecting 30% or more of irrigated land. Saline stress is caused by a number of different salt concentrations; however, NaCl is by far the most common salt in the ground. High salt stress is the reason for delay in seed germination, which may be caused by either the osmotic potential of the water or by the effects of certain toxic ions. This chapter covers seed priming and salt resistance approaches that generate biochemical, physiological, and structural processes in saline stress, and the interaction between seed priming and salt resistance. Priming with nanoparticles (NPs) needs more study to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress on a variety of crops grown in extreme conditions.
CHEERleadership
Authors: Mulvaney Tracy , Sullivan Denise Miele , Palumbo Angela , Patterson Melanie
Published: August 2023

This chapter aims to define and describe CHEERleadership, a style of leadership inspired by the sport of cheerleading. CHEERleadership is a model that stands for Culturally Competent, Holistic, Equity-Minded, Empathetic, and Responsive leadership. Precision, poise, drive, enthusiasm, and stamina are only a few of the qualities and characteristics that are expected from a champion cheerleading team, or a team of educational leaders. With the role and goal of cheerleaders in mind, the authors link the acronym for CHEER to be a relevant, repetitive mantra for a type of school and district leadership for transformational change, based on current educational research. It is applicable in all 21st century K-12 schools, and its roots are grounded in practitioner research. The chapter is organized in a manner that highlights the background theories, the tenets of CHEERleadership, and how it can look in practice through literacy to improve student outcomes. It concludes with a discussion about how to further CHEERleadership to support teachers and staff who interface with students.
Disciplinary Literacy and Culturally Responsive Leadership
Authors: Haas Leslie , Page Larkin , Tussey Jill T.
Published: August 2023

This chapter looks at how a school's mission, vision, and core values support its instructional practices. Specifically, it explores how disciplinary and multimodal literacy support and maintain cultural responsiveness. School administrators are provided with ways in which they can step fully into the role of a culturally responsive leader. Furthermore, this chapter offers six resource files focused on these supports as a foundation for leaders to move toward and grow with and in their culturally responsive practices.
Modeling Transformative Culturally Responsive Leadership With Teachers to Foster an Equitable School Culture
Authors: Acuna Kym , Robles Stephanie Zamora
Published: August 2023

This chapter outlines the modeling transformative culturally responsive leadership (MTCRL) framework. This framework provides a playbook for principals and other school leaders for their school transformation journey. The MTCRL framework is based on six key tenets for shaping an equitable school culture through modeling CRL with teachers. Additionally, in this chapter, a clear connection is made to how CRL relates to each of these six tenets of leadership. The six tenets include visibility and presence, a focus on relationships, leading from belief, differentiating to meet teachers' individual needs, principal self-reflection, and shaping culture through stewarding differences.
Teach the Child, Resurrect the Culture
Authors: Darbonne August Joseph
Published: August 2023

Throughout the United States, Indigenous and Native American communities are enacting tireless efforts to preserve their cultural languages. Through European colonization, forced assimilation, and US imperialism, many Native American languages went completely extinct, but despite these tragedies, many survived. This chapter discusses tribal efforts throughout the United States to preserve Indigenous languages and cultures through educational practices in United States schools. The chapter concludes with author recommendations on incorporating Indigenous communities and knowledge into classrooms for school leaders to create a more equitable and culturally responsive learning environment.
Retrofitting and Dismantling the School-to-Prison Pipeline Through Kindezi
Authors: Richardson Chatee Omisade
Published: August 2023

In 2021, Black students in public schools were suspended at a rate four times higher than White students for the same infractions, and students with disabilities received a high rate of suspensions disproportionate to the actual number of students belonging to this classification. These children continue to be educationally disadvantaged and receive unfair discipline practices in U.S. schools. Part of the issue is that over fourteen million children attend schools with police officers on site, but no nurse, psychologist, or social workers on staff who could potentially intervene and deescalate situations leading to harsher punishments. These findings can be mitigated and eventually eradicated by culturally responsive practices infused at every level of school governance beginning with administrative leaders who create a culture of care and equity that is embraced and required to be practiced by all adults in the school community who interact with youth and are responsible for discipline.
Public Funds in the Sustainable Development of Regions
Authors: Dylewski Marek , Gorzalczynska-Koczkodaj Malgorzata , Pluskota Natalia
Published: August 2023

An important issue in the conduct of development policy is to ensure sufficient financial resources for its implementation. At the same time, it should be emphasized that the perception of the SDGs and its components are changing and the objectives and expected results are changing accordingly. The goal of the chapter is an indication of changes in the approach to the paradigm of sustainable development of regions, which are shaped at the level of EU regions. To achieve this goal, the case study of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship was selected, which indicates an evolution and change in the approach of building SDGs. The chapter also presents regions and their role in sustainable development. In addition, the issue of the approach to financing sustainable development at the regional level. The example of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship shows how the implementation of sustainable development goals is shaped so that the adopted projects and programs allow to achieve the intended goal in the field of shaping sustainable development.
Analyzing the Influence and Global Impact of NGOs on the Southern African Regions on Climate Displacement and Refugee Crises
Authors: Bag Akash , Ali S. M. Aamir , Ghose Anuttama
Published: August 2023

This chapter aims to examine the inclusion and exclusion of regional and local MENA organizations in the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration and the Global Compact on Refugees, as well as how they affect the global governance of displacement caused by climate change. The research was conducted using a combined theoretical framework of social constructivism related to structural and social conceptions of power. A qualitative empirical case chapter combining textual and content analysis constitutes the technique. The findings demonstrate how non-state actors and global governance mechanisms influence and transform one another. Non-state actors contributing to a shifting discourse on climate change displacement cause change to occur gradually and with much persuasion. Thus, the chapter offers a case chapter of how marginalized players can shape and be shaped by the two global compacts.
Investigating Socially Responsible Investor Behavior Within the Scope of Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Duranay Serhat , Yağcilar Gamze Göçmen
Published: August 2023

Socially responsible investments (SRI) form the basis of financial sustainability. SRI is described as the integration of environmental, social, and governance factors into investment decisions. SRI behavior cannot be explained only with the classical risk-return approach. There must be a number of more complex factors driving investors into this space. This study aims to shed light on the philosophy of SRI. For this purpose, the SRI process has been examined in the study. To explain the investment process, the factors that motivate investors to invest in SRI are examined under the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Then this model is analyzed using structural equation model (SEM). The obtained results reveal that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and eco-friendly activities positively affect SRI intention. Moreover, SRI behavior can be predicted by investment intention and perceived behavioral control.
CrimedetGAN
Authors: Ramyadharshni S. S. , Bhuvaneswari A.
Published: August 2023

Social networks play a dominant role in connecting communication devices, which play as essential role in exchanging a large amount of interpersonal data. As a result of exchange of messages, they leave behind some traces, which help in identifying the nature of the network. So, these are helpful in detecting crime users. The algorithms like SVM, Bayesian linear regression will not help in finding out the crime network. It also results in less accuracy for higher amounts of data. So, developing the trace learning system in GAN, which is a higher order of deep learning neural network, larger neural network dataset will be fed into the model, which has digital traces into the neural network done through proposed CrimedetGAN. A trained accuracy system model automatically identifies the digital traces which have been left in the crime natured social network. Experimenting with existing GAN frameworks, namely MaliGAN, seqGAN, LeakGAN, proposed CrimedetGAN came with a test score accuracy of 91.23% on the coherence NLP testing in tracing the relevant data fields for the given input datasets.
Evaluation of Energy Flexibility Potential of Different Interventions Through the SRI Score
Authors: Tomat Valentina , Ramallo-González Alfonso Pablo , Skarmeta-Gómez Antonio Fernando
Published: August 2023

On the last EPBD, a new indicator to measure smart technologies in buildings has been developed: the smart readiness indicator (SRI). The SRI framework evaluates the smart services that the building could deliver, with the threefold purpose of optimising energy efficiency, adapting to the needs of the occupants and responding to the signals from the grid. The chapter analyses the increase of smart readiness in eight real-world buildings, characterised by different climate conditions and retrofitted with cost-effective interventions. On this study, the assessment was done with two different methods, one using the same maximum obtainable score for all the buildings and the other using a list of smart services adapted to each building. The outcomes are compared to spot the potentialities of the new indicator, and its usability has been tested through a questionnaire. Finally, the applicability to DLC is discussed to support the role that the indicator can assume in enhancing the load shifting potential in buildings, toward the energy transformation of the European society.
Evolution of Smart Energy Grid System Using IoT
Authors: Saranya P. , Rajesh R.
Published: August 2023

The IoT is a rapidly emerging research area. It refers to an infrastructure network that includes digital data, mechanical objects, computational devices, and sensors that have unique identities. IoT delivers many solutions in various domains by providing connection of devices through the internet. Recently electricity is very important in our day-to-day lives. The consumption of electricity is also rapidly increasing. It is necessary to improve the production of electricity and also reduce the wastage of electricity in transmission lines. The energy grid refers to the next generation power grids, with bi-directional or two-way flows of electricity through the communication interface or protocols. The energy management in grid ensures stability between the supply and demand, which is maintained for reducing the wastage of electricity. In order to achieve this reduction, it is necessary to monitor the parameters of the PV system by the IoT hardware. Specifically, the authors focus on IoT technologies for monitoring the parameters of PV systems such as voltage and current by sensors in IoT.
E-Voting
Authors: Chatterjee Siddharth , Jogalekar Ishan Sagar , Lavanya K.
Published: August 2023

Biometric fingerprint devices used in electronic voting machines (EVMs) for voter verification and authentication eliminates two main threats towards present-day voting systems, which include illegal voting as well as repetition of votes. This application has extensive use in real world scenarios and helps to conduct fair and free elections. The person at the polling booth need not carry his ID, which contains his required details; only placing his finger on the device would allow the acquisition of an on-spot fingerprint from the voter – an authentic identification. The fingerprint reader would read details from the tag; the data is then passed onto the controlling unit for verification. The controller fetches the data from the reader and compares the data with pre-existing data stored during registration of voters using biometric. This prototype is based on IoT (internet of things), and the microprocessor platform uses Arduino Uno as the microchip and some TFT displays to successfully simulate the architecture for voting systems and consequently improve the traditional EVM-based voting.
Sustainable Manufacturing
Authors: Nayak Arpita , Satpathy Ipseeta , Patnaik B. C. M. , Jain Vishal
Published: August 2023

The definition of sustainable manufacturing is the use of commercially viable techniques that minimize adverse environmental effects while conserving energy and other resources, improving the environment for coming generations. The rise in environmental pollution and degradation has attracted the attention of manufacturers, therefore manufacturing industries are now introducing sustainable business practices in response to the rising and fast change in the operation of commercial activities, as they give significant economic and environmental advantages. Improved worker, community, and consumer safety is another benefit of safer manufacturing techniques. Manufacturing industries have begun to embrace and seek out more sustainable techniques for human development, and the manufacturers' role has shifted towards sustainable development. This study seeks to provide an overview of the various benefits of sustainable manufacturing techniques on various important factors, including the environment, the economy, and society.
Multi-Criteria Decision-Based Approach of Flood Susceptibility of Balason River Basin in Darjeeling, West Bengal
Authors: Goswami Asutosh , Sen Suhel , Majumder Priyanka
Published: August 2023

Floods are one of the most recognized natural hazards that create havoc in society. Flooding involves inundation of a huge tract of area under water owing to heavy rainfall. The occurrence of flooding lays a severe impact upon the agricultural sector. The Balason River basin in Darjeeling district of West Bengal is not an exception in this regard. The basin is one of the most flood-prone areas and involves a lot of loss in crop production and destruction of villages. The present study aims to identify the flood susceptible zones of the district through the application of analytical hierarchy process and geospatial techniques, and also makes an attempt to detect how much settlements and croplands fall within the high susceptible flood prone area so that proper precautionary measures can be taken to minimize the maximum damage.
Labour Market Opportunities in Trinidad and Tobago's Blue Economy
Authors: Charles Don
Published: August 2023

The blue economy encompasses economic activities that occur in the ocean and seas. For a small island developing state (SIDS) such as Trinidad and Tobago (T&T), the exclusive economic zone tends to be significantly larger than its land mass. Therefore, there is an important need to leverage the blue economy to sustain economic activity and livelihoods for the country's people. While several blue economy opportunities can be highlighted within T&T, in practice, the scope and scale remain below the potential, largely due to the blue economy not being fully leveraged as a driver for economic activity, especially among the youth. A blue economy strategy that immerses the youth in marine industries with strengthened forward and backward linkages, will help foster more economic activity, attract investment, and build resilience to economic shocks.
Innovation Model for Organizational Sustainability (IMOS)
Authors: Pérez-Uribe Rafael Ignacio , del Pilar Ramirez-Salazar Maria , Ramirez-Garzon Maria Teresa
Published: August 2023

This chapter describes the concepts and methodology necessary to apply the IMOS (innovation model for organizational sustainability), and shows to entrepreneurs, academics, consultants, and people interested in this subject, a practical management model that motivates decision makers look for the best alternatives to boost their company and bring it to the best sustainability standards. The IMOS is made up of eight organizational components: Strategic direction, production and/or commercialization and/or transformation of goods and/or services, organizational culture, associativity, marketing, technology, legal matters, and financial indicators. In turn, each component analyzes four factors: social, environmental, managerial and innovation. In each factor, a series of variables are presented (42) that are explained in detail in the theoretical framework of this chapter, which allow four levels to be measured from one (1) to four (4): one (1) (incipient), two (2) (survival), three (3) (developing) and four (4) (world class).
Are You the One to Stick Around Despite the High Rate of Attrition?
Authors: Gupta Chabi
Published: August 2023

Most employees say they have unfavourable sentiments about their organization, yet they often seem hesitant to follow through with their decision to leave. This presents a painful dichotomy for organizations that look for long term manpower solutions. This study examined the relationships between the Myers-Briggs' four personality dimensions (extraversion/introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving) and the behaviour of employees to stick around with the organization for years even amidst a high attrition rate. After compiling all these observations, the authors propose the following five strategies for employers to take into consideration: Leveraging the power of belongingness, form addictive positive work environment, capitalise on the spillover effect, communicate with either the heart or the head, and prioritise having experiences above an employee status. This research will offer an introspection to both employees and the employers.
A Systematic Literature Review on Entrepreneurship Intention Among Engineering Students
Authors: Lei Jingjun , Indiran Logaiswari , Ramakrishna Yanamandra , Raju Prageetha , Kohar Umar Haiyat Abdul
Published: August 2023

Engineering education now emphasises business ownership and entrepreneurship. “What are the key factors influencing engineering students' intentions to start their businesses?” asks this literature review. Several scholarly journals and databases met the inclusion requirements after a thorough search. Personality, education, society, and social networks influence engineering students' entrepreneurial ambition, according to the research. Creativity, risk-taking, and self-efficacy favourably affect entrepreneurial intentions. Research projects and entrepreneurship classes can also impact students' company startup views. Finally, families, friends, peers, and mentors can influence kids' entrepreneurial ambitions. This study has important implications for engineering educators and policymakers seeking to promote entrepreneurship among engineering students, including designing more effective entrepreneurship education programmes and informing engineering entrepreneurship policy.
Boosting Gender Integration in Social Enterprises as a Solution to Poverty
Authors: Raju Prageetha G. , Indiran Logaiswari
Published: August 2023

It is widely accepted that economies and societies will prosper if women are economically engaged. However, little attention has been paid as to how social enterprises, driven by business considerations, can pursue social transformation (specifically, gender issues). A study is thus needed to study social businesses and its capacity to facilitate economic empowerment of women thus making markets more inclusive. Such an affirmation, however, poses three questions: Is capitalizing on the gender integration trend going to be enough to advance the cause of women? Is the ‘social change industry' (social enterprise sector) giving gender equity the attention and investment it deserves? Could it become a catalyst for gender integration in their value chain? The study employs a persuasive case study approach highlighting five case studies in India that are social enterprises that are employing women across India and explores the intersectionality between gender, empowerment, and employment in the context of social entrepreneurship.
Digital Entrepreneurship
Authors: Abdullah Nik Herda Nik
Published: August 2023

This chapter discusses the concept of digital entrepreneurship with a focus on its opportunities, barriers, key drivers, and expectations for the future. Today, people are living in a time in which digital transformation and the rapid development of technology are affecting every aspect of their lives. With the emergence of new devices, business models, technologies, and platforms, as well as the advancement of social media and innovative advertising, the transition from employment to entrepreneurship has become easier. Digital entrepreneurship involves enhancing business operations, developing new business models, enhancing business intelligence, and engaging stakeholders and clients. This chapter contributes to the theoretical development of digital entrepreneurship. In particular, it responds to a call to capture the concept of digitalisation in entrepreneurship as well as opportunities, key drivers, existing barriers, and potential areas for future research.
Drivers of Innovation and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Iyer Shankar Subramanian , Marwah Khyati S. , Kaur Rupinder Pal , Dhoundiyal Meenakshi P.
Published: August 2023

This chapter explores the drivers of innovation and entrepreneurship, looking at the various psychological, cultural, economic, and social motivations that drive people to develop new ideas and turn them into successful businesses. It is of research interest to look at how these drivers interact with each other and how they can be used to foster innovation and entrepreneurship in an organization. The role of the public sector and private sector in the promotion of innovation and entrepreneurship and the need for an enabling environment for the development of innovative and entrepreneurial activity is covered in this research. Finally, the importance of education and training in developing the skills necessary for innovation and entrepreneurship will be discussed. The contribution to the area of study is the conceptual model portraying the disruption innovation theory and the multi-level integration processes theory to propose the multi-level innovation theory.
Entrepreneurial Intensity and Strategic Entrepreneurship
Authors: Sisodia Swati , Jan Sumaira
Published: August 2023

In India, the Jammu and Kashmir union territory deserves special attention because of its conflict status and low GDP/high unemployment rate. There is no denying the fact that if the economic condition of J&K is to be strengthened, then entrepreneurial acumen will have to be inculcated in its people including women and supportive entrepreneurial policies will have to be introduced. But for this more and more research will have to be done on women's entrepreneurship. Keeping these things in mind, the present study endeavors to study the impact of two major aspects of women entrepreneurship on each other including entrepreneurial intensity and strategic entrepreneurial behavior (strategic entrepreneurship). For this purpose, the primary data was collected, using structured questionnaire, from 430 women entrepreneurs of Jammu and Kashmir. The study reveals the significant impact of entrepreneurial intensity on strategic entrepreneurial behavior there. Entrepreneurial leadership is found insignificant in the present study.
Entrepreneurial Intent and Opportunities Linkage for the Sustainable Tourism Sector
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: August 2023

Travel and tourism are emergent new service sectors that are likely to shape and drive economic growth and social change. Tourism is one of the major forces for economic, social, and cultural change in any region, and India is no exception. Tourism as a complex multidimensional phenomenon has attracted increasing scholarly attention during the past three decades from a broad range of disciplines: anthropology, sociology, economics, political science, history, development studies, and business/management. It has also commanded the attention of policymakers, planners, and development practitioners in India. However, what has been lacking for many years is a study that reviews and analyzes the intent and opportunities linkage focused on emergent and new forms of tourism as upcoming entrepreneurial opportunities. Focusing on India, this chapter aims to do that, with an in-depth examination of new forms of tourism followed by entrepreneurial aspects in tourism. Though the discussion pertains to India, the lessons drawn could be applicable to all involved in tourism.
Has Malaysia Grown a Unicorn?
Authors: Noor Nurul Hidayana Mohd
Published: August 2023

The study aims to determine the mediation influence of self-efficacy towards the relationships between entrepreneurial network, social support, and Gen Z entrepreneurship intention. This study adapted the survey method using a questionnaire. The sample consisted of 400 Gen Z using a multi-stage sampling technique. The population of the study was Malaysian Gen Z, who live in the Central Region of Peninsular Malaysia. The data analysis method is divided into two parts, namely descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). The study discovered that self-efficacy mediates the relationships between entrepreneurial network, social support, and Gen Z entrepreneurship intention. This study generates knowledge, ideas, and strategies for developing future entrepreneurial activities and programs. This study was significant due to its effort to understand the phenomenon of entrepreneurship on the psychological characteristics of those who want to start a business.
Tax Policy and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Attak El Houssain
Published: August 2023

Given the importance of entrepreneurship for economic growth, governments worldwide are increasingly focused on implementing policies to stimulate business creation and expansion. The reduction of administrative, regulatory, and fiscal barriers is a key aspect of these policies to support the entrepreneurial ecosystem. In line with this vision, the Moroccan authorities introduced the “self-employed” status in 2014, featuring a simplified tax framework. This chapter aims to explore the perception of self-employed individuals regarding this tax system through a lexicometric analysis of interviews conducted with entrepreneurs using IRAMUTEQ software. This study reveals that while the current tax system offers some advantages, it also has significant drawbacks, including the omission of expenditure in tax calculations, the absence of VAT recovery, and the lack of loss deductibility. In response to these concerns, several tax adjustments are proposed to address the mixed perception of self-employed individuals towards the tax regime.
Impact of Social Media on Consumer Decisiveness in the Food and Grocery Sector
Authors: Karthikeyan Dharshini , Manoharan Ramya Barathi , Karthikeyan Pavithra , Pradeep S.
Published: August 2023

Consumers are currently inclined to acknowledge online information but purchase food and grocery products offline. Also, the buyer's decision is coherent with the factors like income, age, social media influences, cost of products, etc. The chapter studies the Influence of Social Media on Consumer Decision-making in the food and Grocery Sector. As per the findings, the effectiveness of marketing tools and techniques has a homogeneous effect on all GenX, GenY, GenZ. Contrary to expectation, Gen X was most influenced by offers. Social media equally influenced all generations to make purchases, irrespective of their incomes. Post Covid there is a shift in consumption habits disregarding generations and income brackets of all the participants.
Moderating Effects of Likelihood to Use In-Store Technology in Grocery Stores
Authors: Oyedele Adesegun , Firat Fuat , Hernandez Monica , Munson Emily Goenner
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is the assessment of the moderating effects of consumers' likelihood to use instore technologies on the relationship between retailtainment value and satisfaction with retailtainment in physical grocery stores. A questionnaire designed to test our model was administered to 332 undergraduate students. The data were analyzed using AMOS-SEM. The results show that perceived benefit, enjoyment, and unique values of retailtainment were significant in explicating satisfaction with retailtainment. Regarding the interaction effects of likelihood to use instore technology, the results reveal the positive relationship between human interactivity-instore, benefits, and unique values, and the dependent variable satisfaction with retailtaiment are stronger for individuals with low likelihood to use instore technologies. Results confirmed that retailtainment, which provides enjoyment and perceived informative benefits in terms of experience with the consumption of products, is likely to increase satisfaction and improve loyalty as well as propensity to return to the store.
How Customer Rating on Digital Restaurant Guides Influence Consumer Satisfaction
Authors: Duarte Alexandre , Fernandes Joana , Pernencar Claudia
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, anybody is a potential food critic, only requiring a smartphone to write an opinion and evaluate a restaurant through a digital app. As people trust other people's opinions - even strangers - more than the service provider's own marketing strategies, restaurant recommendation apps are great tools to analyze and improve performance. This keeps up with a recent consumer behaviour: gathering opinions that have impact on both ends of the consumer-organization relationship. This research aims to identify the relevant factors when classifying a restaurant and understand if Zomato app influences a restaurant choice, by identifying the features that lead a consumer to choose restaurant X over Y, whether it's a workday lunch, family lunches, dinners with friends or a romantic dinner. The chapter analyzes Zomato's case study: competition along catering industry dimension and the competitive position. Results point to how consumers perceive restaurant experience and how they influence others' decisions with online evaluating.
Review and the Use of PROMETHEE Methods in Marketing (Problems)
Authors: Tarnanidis Theodore K. , Papathanasiou Jason , Vlachopoulou Maro , Mareschal Bertrand
Published: August 2023

The method of PROMETHEE belongs to Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques, which helps decision-makers to examine problems where there are multiple and conflicting criteria calculated in different parameters and units. Furthermore, they help people in assessing all the information included in a problem from a realistic and pragmatic viewpoint (Vincke, 1992).The next table shows a classification of the most widely used MCDM methods. According to relevant scholars (Triantaphyllou et al., 1998; Georgiadis et al., 2013) the general format of a PROMETHEE task involves the construction of the measurement analysis of the problem with the identification of relevant criteria and alternatives, the estimation of the relative importance and impact of the weights (i.e. statistical measures), and the final stage involves the decision of the best evaluations that comes from the ranking/assessment of each alternative.
Social Networking Sites, Online Social Capital, and the Success of Crowdfunding Campaigns
Authors: Hoda Najmul , Ahmad Mohammad Zubair
Published: August 2023

Crowdfunding is a phenomenon that exists because of interconnectivity. These platforms allow the connection of lenders, donors, and investors with recipients who may be entrepreneurs or beneficiaries. In the entire crowdfunding process, there is a direct involvement of network behaviors namely trust, norms, networking, and so on. In other words, social capital plays a role in crowdfunding. This chapter aims to review the existing literature on crowdfunding platforms and identify the role of online networking in the process and outcome. The chapter would benefit both researchers and various stakeholders who are engaged in crowdfunding or are exploring this platform for financial decisions.
A Novel Friend Recommendation System Using Link Prediction in Social Networks
Authors: Bhuvaneswari Anbalagan , Jijina K. K.
Published: August 2023

Link prediction is a method used to predict the existence of a non-existing links between two entities within a network. However, the growing size of social networks has made conducting link prediction studies more challenging. This chapter proposes a friend recommendation system that employs feature engineering techniques on a given dataset. The feature engineering process involves extracting relevant features such as shortest path, Katz centrality, Jaccard distances, PageRank, and preferential attachments, etc. Random Forest and XGBoost algorithms are then utilized to recommend non-existent connections by suggesting new edges in the graph. By implementing these approaches, the authors aim to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of friend recommendations in the social network graph. By considering both types of edges in the recommendation process, they enhance the performance of the friend recommendation system. This approach allows leveraging the valuable insights within the network graph, resulting in more accurate and reliable recommendations.
Online Social Capital and Sustainable Development
Authors: Missaoui Ibtissem
Published: August 2023

The review explores the potential of online social capital in contributing to sustainable development. Online social capital refers to the networks and relationships formed through online communication and interaction, which can be used to achieve social or environmental objectives. The goal of sustainable development is to balance the economic growth, social well-being, and environmental protection. By examining case studies and research on the topic, this review argues that online social capital has the potential to contribute to sustainable development by facilitating the exchange of knowledge, resources, and support among individuals and groups. However, it also highlights the potential risks and challenges associated with online communication, which may undermine the positive impact of online social capital on sustainable development. The chapter concludes by outlining the prospects and limitations of online social capital in contributing to sustainable development and by making recommendations for future research and policy making.
Impact of Technological Innovations and Online Social Capital on Education
Authors: Adeoye Blessing Foluso
Published: August 2023

The author of this chapter explored the social capital knowledge regarding education in the following four theoretical contexts presented by Mikiewicz, the tradition of James Coleman's social exchange theory, the tradition of Robert D. Putnam's theory of civil society, the tradition of Pierre Bourdieu's theory of cultural structuralism, and the tradition of network theory. This chapter also presented the effective use of the research on social capital and the impact of technological innovations and online social capital on education. The author pooled literature from different parts of specializations, especially in education. It documented that co-creation and social learning are essential components of knowledge productivity; therefore, by working together and leveraging the power of social networks, individuals can achieve more than they ever could on their own, leading to profound improvements in organizational and societal outcomes.
Study of the Dark Web With Reference to the Indian Banking System and Black Market and Fraud Scenarios
Authors: Singh Devendra , Singh Sumitra
Published: August 2023

The dark web as a technology has shown great potential and has grown tremendously. We have everything on our tips. This type of environment is also very fruitful and dangerous at the same time. Where everything is available on sale for the highest bidder, dark web plays as a role of intermediary in the sale. This chapter aims to highlights the use of TOR, and other dark webs, and their related activities which leads to the frauds happening in India and to study the connection between dark web, black markets, and banking fraud in India (if any). This chapter attempts to understand the working of the dark web and the illegal transactions.
Digital Era in Papua New Guinea (PNG)
Authors: Singh Arun Kumar
Published: August 2023

A revolution in wireless communication refers to a significant advancement or breakthrough in the field of wireless communication technology. This can include the introduction of new technologies, the development of faster and more efficient communication methods, and the widespread adoption of wireless communication in various industries and sectors. One example of a revolution in wireless communication is the development of 5G technology. 5G, or fifth-generation wireless technology, promises faster data speeds, lower latency, and improved network capacity compared to previous generations of wireless technology. This is expected to enable a wide range of new applications and use cases, such as the internet of things (IoT), autonomous vehicles, and virtual reality. Overall, the revolution in wireless communication has led to significant advancements in the way we live, work, and communicate, and is expected to continue to shape the future of communication. In this chapter, the authors discuss the services and the quality with basic comparison between the different telecom companies.
Crisis Management and Social Media Platforms
Authors: Selvakumar R. , Babu Vimal
Published: August 2023

Performing crisis management (CM) through social media platforms (SMP) is the modern way of handling crisis events. The chapter aims to identify core research on CM along SMP. By employing bibliometric network analysis, the authors aim to review published works in Scopus-indexed journals from the year 2019 to 2023. Scopus database and VOS (visualizing scientific landscapes) viewer have been combinedly used to identify the most influential journals, top-ranking countries, and institutions, most cited articles, most occurred keywords, and the pattern of authorship in CM along SMP publications. The present study undertakes a pioneering bibliometric analysis aimed at exploring scholarly publications on the field of CM facilitated through SMP. To the authors' knowledge, this work is the first study to use a bibliometric approach to research this area, thereby contributing to the nascent literature on the subject. The unique insights garnered from this analysis are expected to provide valuable guidance to researchers and scholars interested in this emerging field.
State Control Over Compliance With Labour Legislation
Authors: Yolova Galina
Published: August 2023

The development aims to analyze and derive a comprehensive systematics of the existing national regulations in the field of control, giving their respective analysis and interpretation. It defines and analyzes the general and special subject and object of internal and external control, giving them characteristic specifics in view of the way they are formulated under the codified (Labour Code) and special laws (Labour Inspection Act and the Occupational Safety and Health Act). The general characteristics, nature, and structure of the centralized control body—the Executive Agency “General Labour Inspectorate”—are examined in the aspects of the current legislation and in the light of the draft of the new regulations.
Current Legislative Trends in the Field of Labour Rights Monitoring
Authors: Dimitrova Darina
Published: August 2023

In pursuit of the stated aim, the author set the following tasks: 1) To examine the nature of the control powers of the executive agency “general labour inspectorate”; 2) To examine the legal means for exercising control over compliance with the labour legislation, analyzing in detail the types of compulsory administrative measures under Art. 1 of the Labour Code; 3) To outline current legislative trends in the field of monitoring compliance with labour rights after Bulgaria's accession to the European Union.
The Challenges of Labour and Insurance Protection in Non-Standard Forms of Employment
Authors: Blagoycheva Hristina Vilhelm
Published: August 2023

Part of the newly appeared, over the last 25 years, non-standard forms of work do not fall within the scope of labor and social security legislation, while the rest are covered to a certain extent. Therefore, the purpose of the present work is to examine the challenges for the national governments in adapting labor legislation to the new conditions of the labor market and to propose possible measures in this direction. In pursuit of the set goal, the author sets himself the following tasks: 1) To investigate the preconditions that led to the appearance and rapid spread of non-standard forms of employment; 2) To point out the factors complicating the regulation of labor standards and the insurance protection of persons engaged in non-standard employment; 3) To look for and propose opportunities for regulatory and control measures in non-standard forms of employment, as well as to present some good examples of government initiatives.
Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence-Integrated Nano-Materials Research
Authors: Teja Nalla. Bhanu , Rathinasabapathi G. , Pateria Mimi Akash , Sudhakar M. , Anusuya M.
Published: August 2023

This chapter presents a system design and architecture that incorporates AI, IoT, and ML-based solutions for data collection, analysis, and interpretation in the nano-materials industry. It consists of three components: data acquisition, data analytics, and decision-making. The system incorporates robust security measures, such as authentication, access control, encryption, and Industry 4.0 principles, to ensure the security and privacy of data. The proposed system was used to collect, analyze, and interpret data from the production, resulting in improved quality, increased efficiency, and reduced waste. AI, IoT, and ML-based solutions have the potential to revolutionize nano-materials research and production, improving productivity, reducing costs, and improving quality.
Applications of Nanofluids in Healthcare
Authors: Radhika K. , Suthanthira Vanitha N. , Anitha D. , Bashkaran K. , Shemalaa Ganthi K.
Published: August 2023

Advancement of nanotechnology leads to the creation of innovation in nanostructures which are characterized by their explorative utilization in a variety of applications in biosciences. Nanofluid technology is an interdisciplinary field, where nanoscience, nanotechnology, and thermal engineering have enhanced over the past decades. The diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of diseases are found to be improved very efficiently in drug delivery platform by using nanofluids. Nanofluids contain novel properties which are potentially employed in several applications like biotechnology, national security and defense, food and agriculture, information technology, aerospace, plastics and textile industries, energy and environment, cosmetics, and health and medicine. This chapter discusses the future perspectives and applications of nanofluids.
Towards Smart Materials
Authors: Gudimetla Avinash , Kumar Parveen , Prasad S Sambhu , Geeri Satish , Sarath V. V. N.
Published: August 2023

This chapter will provide an insight into smart materials, which are a class of materials that can change their physical properties, such as shape, size, stiffness, color, or electrical conductivity, in response to external stimuli, such as temperature, pressure, light, humidity, magnetic, or electric fields. Various types of smart materials like shape memory alloys (SMAs), electroactive polymers (EAPs), piezoelectric materials, magnetostrictive materials, and thermoelectric materials were discussed in this chapter, along with their properties and applications. Nevertheless, the advantages of smart materials over the conventional materials along with the challenges were also discussed. Also, the possibility of integrating these materials with the existing systems was discussed.
Smart Materials in Biomedicine
Authors: J. Mangaiyarkkarasi , J. Shanthalakshmi Revathy
Published: August 2023

Smart materials, also known as responsive or intelligent materials, are capable of responding to environmental stimuli in a predictable and controlled manner. Significant progress has been achieved in the field of smart materials over the last few decades, and these materials are now being employed in a variety of fields, including biomedical engineering. This chapter explores the use of smart materials in biomedicine, which has opened up a new frontier in the field. The chapter covers the fundamental principles of smart materials and their types, properties, and applications in biomedicine. It presents a thorough overview of the most recent research and development in the application of smart materials in biomedicine, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensors, and imaging, as well as an explanation of the current difficulties and future prospects of this promising topic. This chapter concludes that smart materials possess pronounced potential in biomedicine and could revolutionize the way medical treatments are administered in the future.