bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Testing the Theory of Transcending Options: Health Behaviors of Single Parents
Authors: Duffy Mary E.
Published: November 2024

The Theory of Transcending Options was developed in a grounded theory study of the health behaviors of female single parents. The 2-year study reported in this article is the first statistical test of the associations between the independent variables identified in the theory and the number of health behaviors practiced by divorced women with children. Data on demographics, psychological variables, and social support were collected from 148 women at three points in time over 2 years. These data were entered into three stepwise multiple regression analyses, with health behaviors as the dependent variable. Each analysis was statistically significant. The independent variables that made statistically significant contributions to health behavior practices in one or more of the regression analyses were education, number of years single, depression level, self-esteem, and total social support. The results of this study indicate that further clarification and testing of the theory are warranted.
A Theoretical Model of Independence for Nursing Home Elders
Authors: Bowsher Juanita E.
Published: November 2024

Dependence-oriented care is very much a part of nursing home care in the United States. Yet independence is a salient part of American culture and is desired by nursing home elders. Such a dichotomy sets the stage for a loss of competence, a loss of control, and a subsequent loss of well-being in nursing home elders. Potential reasons for dependence-oriented care are identified in this article, and a theoretical model of independence for frail elders is presented as a guide for professional caregivers. Findings from previous research studies related to the model suggest perceived situational expectancy of control of valued reinforcements as a mediator of the relationship between behavioral competence and psychological well-being. Findings from the literature propose the subjective environment as a mediator of the relationship between behavioral competence and perceived situational expectancy of control of valued reinforcements. Using the model, there is the potential to understand more fully the process of independence in nursing home elders and to guide professional caregivers through this process as care is delivered.
The Influence of Experience on Community Health Nurses’ Use of the Similarity Heuristic in Diagnostic Reasoning
Authors: O’Neill Eileen S.
Published: November 2024

This study explored the diagnostic reasoning of community health nurses, examining the association between nursing experience and use of the cognitive heuristic similarity. Two types of similarity reasoning were examined, similarity to a single prototype (SSP) and similarity to a population prototype (SPP). The hypothesis of the study, derived from heuristics theory and ACT theory predicted that experts would be more likely to make diagnoses by similarity assessment than less experienced nurses. A random sample of 214 community health nurses was studied. Each subject completed eight diagnostic problems included in the Clinical Inference Questionnaire (CIQ) that was developed for this study to measure judging by similarity. Most of the nurses in this study, regardless of experience, used similarity assessment as a basis for some diagnoses. Experts were more likely than less experienced nurses to judge by similarity in population prototype problems but not in single prototype problems. These findings suggest that the diagnostic process includes similarity reasoning and imply that this process cannot be well understood without further exploration of the role of cognitive heuristics.
Contributions to Nursing Science: Synthesis of Findings From Adaptation Model Research
Authors: Pollock Susan E. , Frederickson Keville , Carson Margaret A. , Massey Veta H. , Roy Callista
Published: November 2024

Researchers who had used the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) to guide their individual investigations collaborated to enhance knowledge development about adaptation of adults to actual and potential health problems. The purpose of this article is to present the synthesis of findings across selected studies that used the RAM. From this synthesis, middle-range theories were identified that in turn provided the scientific rationale for development and testing of clinical interventions. Contributions to the advancement of nursing science include a method to strengthen the relationships between research, theory, and practice; an increased understanding of the process of adaptation in adults; support for the efficacy of the RAM for nursing practice; and the benefit of collaboration between nursing researchers using the same model to guide their work.
The Relationship Between Spiritual Perspective, Social Support, and Depression in Caregiving and Noncaregiving Wives
Authors: Robinson Karen M. , Kaye Judy
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to compare the relationships between spiritual perspective, social support, and depression in two groups of adults: caregiving wives of dementia victims and noncaregiving wives of healthy adults. Hypotheses predicted that increased spiritual perspective would be associated with increased social support and decreased depression in caregiving wives. Hypotheses also predicted that spiritual perspective would be more strongly associated with these variables in caregiving wives. Spiritual perspective was not significantly related to social support or depression in the caregivers. The relationships between these variables, however, were noted to be stronger in caregiving wives than in noncaregivers. Employment and increased availability of support were associated with decreased depression in caregivers.
Adult Uncertainty in Illness: A Critical Review of Research
Authors: Mast Merle Erb
Published: November 2024

Nursing interest in the uncertainty associated with life-threatening illnesses and their treatment technology is growing. Nurse investigators have begun to study variables that precede and influence this uncertainty, as well as how persons appraise, cope with, and adapt to uncertainty. This paper reviews and examines data from both quantitative and qualitative nursing studies of adult illness-related uncertainty published after 1980. Findings demonstrate that uncertainty is a pervasive stressful accompaniment of illness and its treatment that influences persons’ coping and adaptive responses. Implications for nursing practice and future research are explored.
An Analysis of Some Dimensions of the Concept of Moral Sensing Exemplified in Psychiatric Care
Authors: Lützén Kim , Barbosa da Silva Antonio , Nordin Conny
Published: November 2024

There are few studies that focus on the interpersonal aspect of everyday ethical conflicts. Conceptual frameworks for research into ethical decision making in the health care system are mainly based on an ethic in which objectivity and principle-based thinking is emphasized, leaving the experience of concrete moral conflicts relatively unexplored. The aim of this paper is to analyze the dimensions of “moral sensing,” a concept identified in an earlier grounded theory study of psychiatric nursing. Four dimensions of the concept of moral sensing, i.e., feeling, intuition, benevolence and genuineness, were synthesized by reviewing the works of past and contemporary philosophers. The analysis of moral sensing and its dimensions is exemplified by actual nurse-patient encounters in psychiatric nursing practice.
Violence Research: An Overview
Authors: Campbell Jacquelyn C. , Harris Mary J. , Lee Roberta K.
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the problem of violence in America and presents an overview of pertinent research studies. It considers data sources on violence and the categorization of injuries. The article next focuses on the specific problems of family violence: child abuse, spouse abuse, and elder abuse. The second part of the article considers the nursing discipline’s specific contribution to violence research by reviewing nursing studies on abuse during pregnancy, female partner abuse, elder abuse, and child abuse. Nursing research, which is grounded in the clinical concerns of the discipline, is presented as having an advocacy orientation that avoids the victim blaming and emphasis on pathology often characteristic of other disciplines’ research. The paper discusses how nurses can participate in prevention approaches to reduce violence-related injuries, and it concludes by offering policy recommendations for nursing organizations.
Wife Abuse: Strategies for a Therapeutic Response
Authors: Yam Marylou
Published: November 2024

An alarming number of women seek help for abuse from the health care establishment. Yet research shows that all too often, professionals fail to identify abuse and are nontherapeutic. This paper provides theoretical and research evidence to explore the factors that account for the less than helpful response of nurses toward wife-abuse victims. A feminist lens is used to explore strategies that can enable nurses to deal effectively with this health care dilemma.
The Nurse-Patient Relationship and Victims of Violence
Authors: Hartman Carol R.
Published: November 2024

Vicarious traumatization is a phenomenon that recognizes that the exposure of persons, other than the victim, to the specifics of trauma material or the reenactment of traumatic experiences transmits the emotionally laden aspects of the original violence and thus is a source of emotional arousal and distress for the nurse working with victims of violence. This source of emotional arousal shapes the underlying approach—avoidance dynamic of countertransference responses that strain the empathic connection necessary for a safe and constructive nurse-patient relationship. Case consultation and supervision are necessary to protect the integrity of the nurse-patient relationship. The current isolating changes in the work setting cut the nurse off from needed support and guidance in working with victims of violence. The emotional risks inherent in working with victims of violence require that the nurse seek professional support for the interpersonal aspects of practice.
The Ethical Problems Encountered in Psychiatric Nursing Practice With Dangerous Mentally Ill Persons
Authors: Fisher Anastasia
Published: November 2024

Psychiatric nursing practice in acute inpatient and emergency settings requires that practitioners identify and manage dangerous patients. The analyses reported here are part of a broader study that sought to understand how psychiatric nurses define and manage the dangerous mentally ill. This paper identifies three ethical problems encountered in the day-to-day practices of psychiatric nurses, as they cared for and managed the dangerous mentally ill. The three ethical problems,balancing support for patient autonomy with the need to maintain unit control; balancing the need for distancing with the desire to establish therapeutic relationships; and balancing the desire to “do the right thing” with the need to get along with colleagues,have implications for psychiatric nursing practice and the institutional settings that treat the dangerous mentally ill. Additionally, this study provides direction for further inquiry into the actual ethical problems encountered in practice.
The Effects of Waterbeds on Heart Rate in Preterm Infants
Authors: Deiriggi Pamela S. , Miles Karen E.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of waterbeds on heart rate (HR) in preterm infants. Subjects were 22 medically stable preterm infants. Across a 10-day study, HR was determined for a 1-hour period on each day. Baseline HRs with infants on the standard incubator mattress were obtained on the first 2 days of the study. They were then placed on the waterbed for 4 days. They were then returned to the incubator mattress and studied for 4 more days. Infants served as their own controls among baseline, on-waterbed (On-WB) and off-waterbed (Off-WB) periods. HR was determined by using a heart beat counting feature of the neonatal cardio-respiratory monitors.

Analysis of variance revealed significant HR variability among subjects. There was no difference between baseline HR and on-waterbed HR. The HR increased when infants were transferred back to the standard mattress. The possibility that theophylline acted as a confound existed because doses were changed and levels varied for some subjects within the study period. Eight infants responded to the waterbed with lower HR during the On-WB period compared to the baseline (mean reduction = 5.7 bpm).

The findings that HRs rose when the infants were returned to the incubator mattress are similar to those of a previous study. The subjects’ reactivity to changes in treatment condition continues to confound the question as to whether waterbed therapy effects a reduction in HR. Since waterbeds have consistently resulted in soothing effects such as improved sleep and lowered activity, failure to produce a concomitant reduction in HR warrants attention toward other factors that may be determinants of heart rate. The high variability within and among subjects raises questions as to the usefulness of the HR variable for determining energy costs.
The Configuration of Nurse-Patient Relationships: A Critical View
Authors: May Carl R. , Purkis Mary E.
Published: November 2024

This paper sets out the grounds on which a reconfiguration of the ideas currently employed to conceptualize nurse-patient relationships might be founded. It is apparent that much of the rhetoric on which education for nursing practice is founded is difficult to relate to the realities of everyday nursing work. We explore the production of the nurse-patient relationship, in theoryandpractice as a therapeutic relationship. The paper moves beyond outlining yet again disparities between theory and practice. We argue that a more productive direction for research and analysis aims at understanding conditions that support sustained conduct characteristic of nursing practice in everyday work settings. We demonstrate some of the central conflicts operating between the professionalizing aims of nurses and the establishment of equitable positions for doing the work of nursing.
Correlates of the Caregiving Process in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: O’Brien Ruth A. , Wineman N. Margaret , Nealon Nancy R.
Published: November 2024

This study sought to identify predictors of general health, mood, family, and life satisfaction for spousal caregivers of persons with multiple sclerosis. Cross-sectional data were obtained through structured interviews with 34 husbands and 27 wives of the disabled individuals. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses indicated that objective burden, subjective burden, and perceived uncertainty about the illness situation accounted for the largest proportion of variance in caregivers’ general health, mood, family and life satisfaction. Perceived social support explained an additional small, but significant proportion in caregivers’ general health, mood, and family satisfaction. Contrary to expectation, family coping did not significantly explain any variance in caregiver outcome measures.
Aspects of Moral Knowledge in Nursing
Authors: Sarvimäki Anneli
Published: November 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify and clarify different aspects of moral knowledge in nursing and to discuss the relevance of these aspects to nursing practice, nursing ethics, and education. Moral action knowledge, theoretical-ethical, personal, and situational moral knowledge are identified as different aspects of moral knowledge in nursing. Moral integration refers to the coordination of the four aspects. Some controversies in contemporary nursing ethics are discussed in the light of the proposed notion of moral knowledge. The ethics of caring is discussed as a form of personal and situational moral knowledge. The notion of moral integration requires knowledge of abstract principles as well as virtue and caring as the foundation of nursing ethics.
Our Community, Our Future: Community-Driven Educational Management and Leadership in War Zones
Authors: No Lugyi
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the resilience and efficacy of community-driven educational initiatives in the conflict-affected Karenni region of Myanmar, where traditional state-run schools have been destroyed or abandoned due to ongoing military conflict. Leveraging Collective Leadership Theory, the research explores how local communities sustain education through distributed leadership and collaboration. Using a mixed-methods approach, data from 249 teachers across 49 self-reliant schools were analyzed to understand the dynamics of community-driven education. The findings underscore the critical role of collective leadership and strong community involvement in maintaining educational continuity amidst severe disruptions. Despite significant obstacles, high levels of teacher satisfaction and effective community engagement highlight the success of these grassroots efforts. The study provides actionable recommendations for policymakers and practitioners to enhance educational resilience in similar conflict zones globally, emphasizing the importance of targeted support and recognition of local educators' contributions.
The Construction of Care Journey Map for Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis - A Pilot Study and Usability Research
Authors: Lin Man-Ling , Wei Pi-Ching , Yang Pei-Lin , Chiu Hsiao-Hui
Published: November 2024

Background: Idiopathic scoliosis is commonly found in adolescents of 10 to 17 years of age, patients are required to encounter several essential measures and types in treatment. Healthcare team provides patients with complete and continuous treatment, in which a comprehensive care criterion has been a crucial issue.Aim: This article aims to develop a care criterion tool with reliability and validity.Subject and methods: By using cross-sectional study, a care criterion is developed with literature review. Moreover, the contents were reviewed by experts which further modified based on nursing personnel’s recommendation after actual use among clinical patients.Results: The “Care Journey Map for Scoliosis Patients” with contents of 72 items had been completed, in which the expert validity was 0.98. After use by nursing personnel, items with 100% completeness achieved 76.2%, the overall satisfaction from nursing personnel was 89.9% and 100% agreed the completeness and significance of this care map.Conclusion: The “Care Journey Map for Scoliosis Patients” is a care criterion developed based on literature review by nursing experts with years of clinical experience, considering transverse and longitudinal time axes as main parts for the overall process in patient care. The tool is proved to be with reliability and validity, which can be a care criterion provided for clinical nurses’ compliance, meriting clinical promotion.
A Simple and Effective Algorithm to Calculate the Hurst Exponent
Authors: Llano-Ferro Luis Fernando
Published: November 2024

In 1951 the British hydrologist Harold Edwin Hurst published the paper: “Long Term Storage Capacity of Reservoirs”. The paper introduced the Hurst Exponent. It was a tool to analyze river flows to help determine the appropriate size of a reservoir. In 1968 Benoit B. Mandelbrot and John Van Ness published the seminal paper “Fractional Brownian Motions, Fractional Noises and Applications” In effect this paper broadened the applications of the Hurst Exponent to time series in physics, geophysical sciences, medical science, biology, information sciences, economics, finance, etc. The present paper presents an algorithm to calculate the Hurst Exponent. It is based on the “bootstrap method” introduced by Bradley Efron in 1979. It is simple to implement, and permits the assignment of measures of accuracy to the estimand.
ProtEQ : Social-emotional Development Media for Gifted Children in Pre-schools
Authors: Sidqia Tiara Lisania , Ramadhan Fazlur , Yanti Fuzi , Salsabila Ia , Riyadhi Muhammad Ilham , Kurniati Euis
Published: November 2024

Gifted children are children who have high potential in various fields such as science, math, art, music, language, have creativity and task commitment. One of the challenges faced by gifted children is social-emotional problems, even though mature social development will help individuals interact well with other individuals. One of the efforts to overcome these problems is to develop media that easy to use and reach by various parties such as websites. Design and Development Research (D&D) from Ellis and Levy (2010) was chosen as the research method, data collection techniques were carried out through interviews and questionnaires with thematic analysis techniques and descriptive statistics. The participants involved were children, teachers, parents, media experts, and special education experts. The results showed that there are two main problems in gifted children, namely obstacles in interacting and obstacles in managing emotions. Based on this analysis, the website development is focused on three services, i.e.: 1) services for children; 2) services for parents; and 3) services for teachers. The developed website received a "very good" rating from the validator and also received a positive response from the research participants. Therefore, this website can be used as a medium for the social-emotional development of gifted.
Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) through STEAM Learning for Early Childhood
Authors: Aryani Nini , Rizka Nelti , Suparmi Suparmi , Artamevia Fadya , Nazli Nur Liyana Mohd
Published: November 2024

The importance of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in early childhood education is undeniable because it can to prepare early childhood to be able to think in applying and processing the information received to find solutions and even answers to problems that arise. This based on children's rights and Bloom's taxonomy theory regarding higher-order thinking. This study aimed to analyze Higher Order Thinking Skills through STEAM learning which implemented to early childhood in Kindergarten. This study using a qualitative approach use descriptive data in the form of written or oral sentences from observed behavior. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with kindergarten teachers and documentation of learning process. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of the study showed that Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) learning has been carried out dan can encourage students to think creatively by creating media that is interesting for children and in accordance with their learning styles; designing STEAM activities or projects while playing so as to encourage students to develop problem-solving skills. STEAM learning can be done through direct experience and game-based learning. The conclusion of this study is that high order thinking skill learning through STEAM has begun to be carried out in early childhood. This study suggests that further researchers can to develop learning models and media through STEAM to improve high order thinking in early childhood.
Enhancing Early Childhood Educator Proficiency in Implementing STEAM-Loose Parts using a Project-based Learning Model
Authors: Amri Khairul , Syarfina Syarfina , Veryawan Veryawan
Published: November 2024

Applying STEAM-based learning methods is challenging for early childhood (EC) educators because most of them need help to develop media and learning activities. This study aims to improve EC teachers' proficiency in implementing STEAM learning methods with loose-part materials through project-based learning (PjBL) models. This action research uses the Elliot model, which consists of 7 steps: initial idea identification, fact analysis, general planning, implementation, observation, evaluation, and idea improvement. The participants in this study were 15 preschool teachers from different institutions in Langsa, Aceh. Data collection techniques used observation and the instruments consisted of observation sheets and project assessment sheets. The results showed that the average score of teacher competence in cycles one and two increased. 80% of the total 15 teachers have reached the minimum success indicator. Therefore, the PjBL method is concluded to improve the competence of EC teachers in implementing STEAM method learning with loose parts. From the results of this study, it is hoped that teachers can apply it in their respective institutions to provide more comprehensive benefits to students. This study suggests that early childhood institutions should help EC teachers implement the STEAM-based loose parts. Further research can be conducted in ECE on the extend of STEAM implementation.
Sustaining Culture among the Young Indonesian Generation
Authors: Dellarosa Maretha , Muhimmah Hitta Alfi , Julianto Julianto , Wicaksono Vicky Dwi , Sukartiningsih Wahyu , Mulyani Mulyani , Mizan Saeful
Published: November 2024

Teaching in a multicultural country such as Indonesia presents unique challenges. This paper examines how teachers envision diversity and how they build an inclusive learning environment in a multicultural classroom community. To address these questions, qualitative study was employed. Data collected included semi-structured interviews, journals, observations, class documentation, and relevant documents. In addition, the data gathered were analyzed thematically. This research requires the participation of two teachers who dedicated their time to teaching students in early childhood education. The study underscores various activities in teaching diversity to young generations that can inspire other teachers who want to foster a classroom environment where an individual's uniqueness is valued and nurtured. Also, several aspects of diversity are discussed.
The Role of Transformational Leaders in Improving the Quality of Early Childhood Education
Authors: Widyastuti Niken , Suminar Tri , Waluyo Edi
Published: November 2024

This research examines the application of transformational leadership principles by the Satria Tunas Bangsa PAUD principal and its impact on learning. The research focus includes the implementation of transformational leadership, leadership learning strategies, supporting factors, and the impact of this leadership. The research results show that school principals play an important role in creating a positive learning environment by displaying leadership charisma, providing inspirational motivation to teachers, and paying attention to individual needs. In the learning leadership strategy, the principal develops a clear vision, creates a conducive learning environment, and supervises and provides professional support. Supporting factors include a positive organizational culture, a conducive climate, stakeholder support, and the principal's leadership competence. The impact of transformational leadership can be seen in improving the quality of learning, teacher motivation and performance, developing student character, as well as increasing innovation and creativity in learning. This research concludes that transformational leadership in PAUD Satria Tunas Bangsa makes a significant contribution to improving the quality of education and student achievement.
Envisioning an Orderly Altiplano: Middle Class Discourses of Moral Geography on El Alto, Bolivia
Authors: Haynes Nell
Published: November 2024

Desde principios de la década de 2000, Bolivia ha experimentado grandes cambios sociales y económicos, en parte relacionados con la presidencia de Evo Morales, el primer jefe de Estado del país que se identifica como indígena. La ciudad de El Alto, a menudo considerada una «ciudad indígena», puede entenderse como un microcosmos para comprender estos cambios más amplios. Los residentes de la ciudad capital de La Paz, que se encuentra en el valle justo debajo de El Alto, han pensado durante mucho tiempo que la zona vecina es un lugar de peligro, suciedad, delincuencia y caos. Pero a medida que la dinámica política, económica y de identidad cambió en toda Bolivia, los discursos sobre El Alto cambiaron para destacar las formas en que El Alto está «progresando» social y económicamente. Este artículo se concentra en los discursos sobre El Alto que los residentes de clase media de La Paz (llamados paceños) circulan a diario y a través de los cuales producen activamente interpretaciones de las conexiones íntimas entre el centro de la ciudad y la periferia. Esto deja en claro cómo las valoraciones estéticas, afectivas y corporales del espacio están implicadas en el desarrollo económico y social, tanto produciendo nuevas formas de identidad como reconfigurando otras. Basándome en una investigación etnográfica de la década de 2010, utilizo nociones de geografía moral para comprender la valoración del espacio y cómo las nociones de «modernidad», «desarrollo» y «orden» se evalúan positivamente en el contexto de la identidad de clase media boliviana. Sin embargo, en 2019, a raíz de un final disputado de las elecciones presidenciales del país, la violencia se produjo en las calles de ciudades de toda Bolivia. En La Paz, los residentes de clase media contribuyeron a los discursos que culpaban de esta violencia a los residentes de El Alto, reinscribiendo nociones de peligro y caos. Por lo tanto, este artículo rastrea las formas en que los discursos sobre El Alto reflejan ideologías cambiantes de clase en Bolivia, dentro de las nociones globales de progreso. A medida que los bolivianos de clase media expresan deseos de que su país refleje más de cerca los indicadores globales de desarrollo, vuelven repetidamente a la noción de que como va El Alto, así va Bolivia.
Cellular and molecular microbial diversity of the Mediterranean sponge Agelas oroides (Demospongiae, Agelasida).
Authors: Ruiz César , Vacelet Jean , Corallo Flore , Simmler Charlotte , Ereskovsky Alexander
Published: November 2024

Agelas oroides (Schmidt 1864) is a widely distributed Mediterranean sponge inhabiting shallow coralligenous formations as well as mesophotic depths. Although this species has been extensively studied for its specialized metabolites (e.g. bromo-pyrrole alkaloids), little is known about its internal organization, cellular components and associated prokaryotes. This study aims at describing the histology and cytology of Agelas oroides, while providing in depth (DNA metabarcoding) analysis of the high abundant microbial community associated with this species. Macroscopically differentiable sponge body parts (orange external and off-white internal) were analyzed separately. Additionally, sponge eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells were organized in two enriched fractions following a separation by centrifugation. Electron microscopy observations revealed low quantities of sponge cells in the ectosome compared to the choanosome. A. oroides has low sponge cell diversity and these cells are loosely distributed in the mesohyl. Two types of amoeboid cells harbor big vacuoles and specific spherical inclusions. The prokaryotic community is primarily composed of bacteria (35 phyla) with Pseudomonadota, Acidiobacteria, and Candidatus Poribacteriota being the most abundant. These community exhibits a homogeneous composition across the different body parts. The archaea community is represented by 8 Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV), all of them assigned to the Nitrosopumilus genus (Thermoproteota phylum). Statistical differences in microbial composition and abundance were noted between the enriched eukaryotic and prokaryotic fractions. Each fraction was characterized by specific core communities suggesting differential functionalities of the assigned ASV. This work sets the basis for future analyses aiming at correlating both sponge eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic diversities with the chemical composition of this sponge species.
Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and associated factors among rheumatic heart disease patients in Ethiopia.
Authors: Gedefaw Asmamaw , Ayele Yihealem , Tefera Abiyot , Wudie Gebeyaw , Yirdaw Agerye , Demilew Tadele
Published: November 2024

Background
In developing countries evidences regarding pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) patients are lacking, despite being responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. As a result, identifying the factors that influence PH is crucial to improve the quality of care.
Objective
To determine prevalence of pulmonary hypertension and its associated factors among rheumatic heart disease patients at the public hospitals of Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods
An institution based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among RHD patients who had follow up at the two public hospitals of Bahir Dar city from January 2022 to December 2023. It involved 310 patients selected by systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic and diseases related parameters. Transthoracic echocardiography by cardiologist was used to assess PH. Data were entered using Epidata Manager version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of PH, considering with a p-value of < 0.05 as statically significant, with a 95% confidence interval.
Results
The meansystolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) of the participants was 50.2 mmHg [SD ± 25.0mmHg]. The prevalence of PH among RHD patients was 56.5% (95% CI 50.9–61.9) from which 51.4% had severe PH. Severe mitral valve stenosis (AOR 7.8, 95% CI 2.4–25.7), duration of illness ≥ 3 years (AOR 7.7, 95% CI 2.1–28.5), and diuretics use (AOR 5.6, 95% CI 2.2–14.3) were factors associated with PH. In contrast, valvular intervention (AOR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01–0.29) and LVEF ≥ 50% (AOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.02–0.81) were found to be protective factors.
Conclusions
The prevalence of PHamong RHD patients in Ethiopia is high and associates with having sever mitral valve stenosis, long duration of illness, and diuretics use. Having valvular intervention and LVEF of ≥ 50% were found to be protective factors. As a result, these factors need to be addressed to improve PH related morbidity & mortality in RHD patients.
Evolution, composition, and chemical processes of submicron aerosols from Indian megacity: Factor analysis from Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM)
Authors: Panda Upasana , Dey Supriya , Sharma Amit , Singh Aishwarya , Reyes-Villegas Ernesto , Darbyshire Eoghan , Carbone Samara , Das Trupti , Allan James , McFiggans Gordon , Ravikrishna R. , Coe Hugh , Liu Pengfei , Gunthe Sachin S.
Published: November 2024

Wintertime non-refractory submicron particulate matter (NR-PM1) species were measured in Delhi with an Aerodyne Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) during February–March 2018. The average NR-PM1 mass concentration throughout the study was 58.0 ± 42.6 µg m− 3, where the contribution of organic aerosol (OA) was 69% of the total NR-PM1. In Delhi, chloride (10%) was the main inorganic contributor, followed by ammonium (8%), sulfate (7%), and nitrate (6%), contrasting with the prevalence of sulfate in most urban environments. Source apportionment analysis of the OA identified five major factors, including three primary contributors: hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), biomass burning OA (BBOA), cooking-related OA (COA) and two secondary contributors: oxygenated primary OA (OPOA), and more-oxidized oxygenated OA (MO-OOA). A 19% rise in OPOA concentration was observed during high chloride episodes, suggesting the potential role of chloride in the atmospheric chemical transformation of OA. Traffic emissions significantly contribute to ambient OA, accounting for at least 41% of the total OA mass. Furthermore, the OA exhibited low oxidation levels regardless of its source. The f44:f43 analysis revealed slower atmospheric oxidization of OA compared to other urban locations worldwide. Further investigations, including chamber experiments tailored to the Delhi atmosphere, are necessary to elucidate the atmospheric oxidants and the genesis of secondary OA alongside primary emissions.
Expression in Immune Cells of New Conceptus Signaling Markers Optimizes Prediction of Pregnancy in Beef Cattle
Authors: Feltrin Isabella Rio , Melo Gabriela Dalmaso , Freitas Pedro Pisani , Morelli Karine Galhego , Binelli Mario , Membrive Claudia Maria Bertan , Pugliesi Guilherme
Published: November 2024

In beef cattle, estrous synchronization aiming a second artificial insemination (AI) requires a reliable estimation of the pregnancy status 20 days (D20) after the first AI. The hypothesis is that the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs; ISG15, OAS1, RSAD2, and IFI44) and cytokines (IL1β and IL10) in mononuclear (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells is regulated by interferon-τ (IFN-τ) and predicts the pregnancy status. PBMC and PMN were isolated from non-pregnant beef cows (N=9), 10-12 days post-ovulation (D0), and stimulated with 100 ng/mL recombinant ovine (ro) IFN-τ or with pooled uterine flush (UF) from D18 pregnant cows. Both roIFNT and UF stimulated the expression of ISG15, RSAD2, and IFI44 in PBMC and PMN. Expression of IL1β was reduced by UF in both PBMC and PMN. On another experiment, PMN were isolated, and luteal blood perfusion was measured on D20 post-timed-AI in beef females. The accuracy of ISG expression and luteal blood perfusion to predict the pregnancy outcome was determined by ROC curve analysis. All gene combinations were tested, and the best association for increased accuracy (92.7%) and reduction of false-negative results (0.9%, 2/233) was obtained through the combination of the four ISGs (ISG15, OAS1, RSAD2, and IFI44). The criterion was that if the expression levels of at least one of the four genes were greater than the predefined cutoffs, the animal would be considered pregnant. In conclusion, the expression of ISGs and IL1β was upregulated by roIFNT and UF from pregnancy cows. The combined expression of classical (ISG15 and OAS1) and non-classical (RSAD2and IFI44) ISGs provided the greatest predictive accuracy of the pregnancy status on D20 in females with active CL by Doppler and is a potential tool to be used in reproductive programs for beef cattle.
Adapting agriculture to climate change via productivity and inputs channels: A decomposition analysis
Authors: Xiang Tao , Malik Tariq , Li Fan , Cao Hui , Du Yuneng , Li Sihan
Published: November 2024

Early empirical research on the impact of climate change lacks consistency due to variations in dependent variables chosen. Using a dataset of 140 countries from 1961 to 2013, this study explore adaptations through the total factor productivity (TFP) channel and the input factor channel by focusing on agricultural output as the dependent variable. Findings indicate that one standard deviation downward of precipitation leads to a 2.3% reduction in agricultural output, with 60% attributed to TFP decrease. Conversely, one standard deviation upward of temperature increases output by 1.2%, driven by a positive input effect surpassing TFP losses. Agricultural inputs' responses vary across countries, with developing countries experiencing declines in response to precipitation shifts. Developed countries demonstrate higher adaptive capacity, emphasizing the need for targeted improvements in input markets, especially in developing countries, to enhance resilience against climate change threats.
A Comparative Study of Rigid Three-Dimensional Image Registration Methods for Powder Bed Fusion with Laser Beam of Metals Using a Gold Standard Approach
Authors: Chand Keerthana , Fritsch Tobias , Oster Simon , Ulbricht Alexander , Poka Konstantin , Bruno Giovanni
Published: November 2024

In Additive Manufacturing (AM), precise rigid three-dimensional (3D) image registration between X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) scans and Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models is an important step for the quantification of distortions in produced parts. Given the absence of standardized benchmarks for image registration in AM, we introduce a gold standard for 3D image registration, using a reference base plate beneath the build structure. This gold standard is used to quantify the accuracy of rigid registration, with a proof of concept demonstrated in PBF-LB/M. In this study, we conduct a comparative analysis of various rigid 3D registration methods useful for quality assurance of PBF-LB/M parts including feature-based, intensity-based, and point cloud-based approaches. The performance of each registration method is evaluated using measures of alignment accuracy based on the gold standard and computational efficiency. Our results indicate significant differences in the efficacy of these methods, with point cloud based Coherent Point Drift (CPD) showing superior performance in both alignment and computational efficiency. The rigidly registered 3D volumes are used to estimate the deformation field of the printed parts relative to the nominal CAD design using Digital Volume Correlation (DVC). The quality of the estimated deformation field is assessed using the Dice score metric. This study provides insights into methods for enhancing the precision and reliability of AM process.
The Postliberal Order: A New Movement Emerging in American Political Thought
Authors: Mikosza Wiktor
Published: November 2024

Some conservative American political thinkers seek a political theory that could replace contemporary liberalism. After the publishing of Patrick Deneen’s Why Liberalism Failed in 2018, a new movement in political theory emerged. Since 2021, Patrick Deneen, Adrian Vermeuele, Chad Pecknold, and Gladden Pappin started publishing together at postliberalorder.com, calling themselves The Postliberals. The paper aims at summarizing and outlining postliberal thought, along with its two main elements: Deneen’s political theory of common good conservativism and Vermeuele’s legal theory of common good constitutionalism, asking the question of whether postliberalism, as represented by the authors, is a new political doctrine or rather an emerging intellectual movement.
Efeito da salinidade e temperatura da água no desempenho hidráulico de fitas gotejadoras em condições laboratoriais
Authors:   , Cunha Jorge Luiz de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

No sistema de irrigação localizada por gotejamento á água é aplicada em baixa intensidade e alta frequência na região radicular da cultura agrícola de forma a propiciar que a umidade do solo esteja próxima à capacidade de campo. Neste sistema de irrigação as fitas gotejadoras são expostas a agentes físico-químicas e microbiológicas que potencializam o surgimento de obstrução dos emissores, reduzindo o ciclo de vida operacional do sistema que operam com água de qualidade inferior. O presente trabalho objetivou estudar a variação da temperatura e salinidade da água de irrigação como fatores que contribuem para o processo de obstrução das fitas gotejadoras, reduzindo sua vida útil, sob os parâmetros de redução da uniformidade da vazão dos emissores das fitas gotejadoras em condições laboratoriais. Para isto, montou-se uma bancada experimental no Laboratório de Instrumentação de Máquinas e Mecanização Agrícola da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, em Mossoró-RN; onde foram realizados os ensaios experimentais com três tipos de fitas gotejadoras operadas em condições controladas de temperatura, salinidade da água e pressão de serviço. A bancada experimental apresenta as seguintes dimensões 1,50m x 3,50m (largura e comprimento), altura de 1,00m e 1,20m (ponto maio baixo e ponto mais elevado respectivamente). Sobre a mesma foram fixadas quatro telhas de fibrocimento numa área de 0,90m x 3,00m (largura e comprimento), com declividade de 8% e na sua base foi inserida uma calha coletora conectada ao reservatório térreo de 0,10m3. Para permitir a recirculação da água do ensaio foi utilizado um conjunto motobomba centrífuga de 1/4cv. Na bancada foram utilizadas quatro linhas de fitas gotejadoras com três metros de comprimento cada, sendo estas submetidas a ciclos de ensaios de curta e longa duração, estabelecido em 100, 250, 500 e 750 h de operação, e temperatura da água de 20 e 30ºC. Para o controle da temperatura da água foi utilizado sistema de aquecimento com potência de 2,00 kW e refrigeração de 7,04 kW. A condutividade elétrica da água variou de 0,52 dS m-1 a 2,56 dS m-1. Após o término de cada ciclo de operação foram coletadas amostras das fitas para a realização de microscopia eletrônica de varredura dos orifícios e paredes internas. Empregou-se a vazão e o Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Distribuição no monitoramento do desempenho hidráulico das fitas gotejadoras. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que o aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação acarretou o decréscimo da vazão do sistema de irrigação localizada por gotejamento, sem ocasionar alteração da classificação do Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Distribuição. As análises da qualidade da água indicaram risco potencial para sodificação do solo. O aumento da temperatura e salinidade potencializou a formação de microrganismos e precipitados de cálcio, resultando no aumento da frequência de manutenções no sistema
Digital financial literacy and self-efficacy in increasing intention to use digital bank with the technology acceptance model theory approach
Authors: Sumartini Ade Ruly , Suprapti Ni Wayan Sri , Piartrini Putu Saroyini , Sukaatmadja I Putu Gde
Published: November 2024

This research seeks to look at public acceptance of digital banking, which are the factors that influence the public's intentions in the use of digital banks. Research goes into the field of marketing science with a focus on the study of consumer behavior. The scope of this research is more focused on the process of acquisition to the consumption (use) of digital banks and the intention of using digital banking to carry out banking transactions. This study uses the theory of technology acceptance model approach to respond to the question. This research uses the method of literature review with the range of previous research years used from 2013 to 2022. This research provides a contribution to future research in the development of the model research of the technology acceptance model theory in the digital age.
The Role of E-health in COPD Monitoring: A Narrative Review for a New Perspective
Authors: Çöme Oğulcan , Kaymak Volga , Özkaya Yasemin , Görgü Genco , Mevsim Vildan
Published: November 2024

Background: With the growing number of COPD patients, there is pressure on the quality, accessibility, and affordability of care. Telemedicine approaches, such as tele-monitoring and tele-education, can be effective in initiating an increase in treatment, when necessary, with feedback to healthcare providers about changes in clinical conditions. Tele-monitoring can also facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of accompanying co-morbid exacerbations, resulting in a decrease in the number of emergency room visits and hospital admissions. Digital tools have been shown to effectively support exercise programs in COPD, with positive perceptions and experiences among participants.
Methods: This review focuses on the potential benefits of using eHealth applications in the care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Results: The review emphasizes the potential benefits of eHealth applications for the care of patients with COPD.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of remote monitoring and effective self-management for patients with COPD. E-health tools can provide better care, especially for patients who are geographically or socially isolated, patients with time conflicts, or patients who cannot go to regular physician visits due to comorbid diseases. However, there is a need for larger-scale trials of self-management interventions delivered by tele-health, based on explicit self-management theory, linked with an evaluation that includes detailed descriptions of the intervention and the process delivery, intermediate outcomes such as self-efficacy and specific behavior changes, to gain more insight into the optimal combination of in-person care and eHealth-based self-management. To maximize the effectiveness of these tools, further research is needed to assess patient preferences, identify the best platform for patients that is easy to use and evaluating related costs. Pre-defined tags in self-management at a distance are also necessary to continue to evolve and innovate