bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shells of Intertidal Mudflat Snails: A Promising Biomonitoring Materials of Nickel Pollution
Authors: Yap Chee Kong , Tan Wen Siang , Ismail Mohamad Saupi , Ariffin Noorhaidah , Cheng Wan Hee , Amin Bintal  , Hesham M. H. Zakaly  , Shih Hao Tony Peng  , Chee Wah Yap  , Franklin Berandah Edward
Published: December 2021

Monitoring the level of metal pollution in a water body, especially in polluted areas, is crucial. Gastropod shells have been used as a biomonitor for metal pollution. The goal of this study was to evaluate the utilisation of the mudflat snails, Telescopium telescopium shells, as biomonitoring materials for nickel (Ni) pollution in the intertidal area. The snails and their habitat surface sediments were sampled from 17 sites in Peninsular Malaysia. Up to 21 individuals from each site were sampled and dissected. In addition to the shells, six parts of the soft tissues (cephalic tentacle, foot, gill, muscle, mantle, and remaining soft tissues) were analysed for Ni. The snail shell was found to be a potential biomonitoring material for Ni pollution based on four positive points: (i) higher value of shell/soft tissue ratios (> 1.00); (ii) categorisation as a ‘microconcentrator’ based on bioaccumulation factor; (iii) significant correlation coefficients (at least P < 0.05) and significant influential total Ni levels in the sediments to the shell Ni; and (iv) higher precision of Ni in the shells based on the lowest value of the coefficient of variation of Ni. The described results indicated that the shell of T. telescopium would be suitable for assessing Ni pollution in the intertidal areas.
Performance of Large Seeded Faba Bean Genotypes for Yield and Related Agronomic Traits in Different Parts of Ethiopia
Authors: Tadele Mesfin , Jarso Mussa , Argaye Sisay , Tekalign Asnakech , Tilahun Nigat , Mulugeta Wondafrash , Robsa Aliy , Tesfaye Deressa , Yimam Kedir , Silesh Yechalew , Yirga Masresha , Merga Bulti , Basa Demelash , Esmael Jemal
Published: December 2021

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a high value crop in Ethiopia and has versatile uses. The national faba bean breeding program concentrates on the three major traits (grain yield, disease resistance and seed size) of the crop for varietal release for commercial production. Hence, ten faba bean genotypes were evaluated at Adet, Areka, Bekoji, Haramaya, Holetta and Jimma during the main cropping seasons of 2018 and 2019 using a randomized complete block design with four replications with the objectives to select the genotype with best performance in terms of important agronomic traits like grain yield, disease resistance, large seed size and other desirable agronomic traits for high potential production areas in Ethiopia. The combined analysis of variance across locations revealed that there is highly significant (P < 0.01) variation among the tested genotypes for grain yield, 1000-seeds weight, number of pods per plant, and days to 90% physiological maturity. The genotype EH011089-3 showed better performance than the tested genotypes having comparable grain yield performance (3803 kgha-1) with the two standard checks, Numan and Gora (3790 and 3897 kgha-1, respectively) while it had the highest 1000-seeds weight (1065 g) compared to the two standard checks, Numan and Gora (937 g and 786 g, respectively), i.e., 13.7% and 35.5% advantage, over the two standard checks, respectively. Additionally, EH011089-3 had better resistance for chocolate spot and rust diseases. Therefore, EH011089-3 was the best over the tested varieties and breeding lines. Genotype EH011089-3 is recommended for varietal release for commercial production all over in Ethiopia.
Body Image Negatif Berhubungan Dengan Rendahnya Aktifitas Fisik Pada Remaja Putri Wilayah Puskesmas Pasundan Kota Samarinda
Authors: Zakina Octaviano  , Annisa Nurrachmawati  , Noviasty Reny
Published: December 2021

Remaja putri cenderung lebih berisiko mengalami permasalahan kesehatan, terutama mengenai citra tubuh (body image) dan status gizi. Aktivitas fisik bermanfaat untuk kesehatan fisik dan psikologis. Frekuensi aktivitas fisik menurun secara signifikan pada remaja putri pada saat mencapai usia 17 tahun. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan body image dan status gizi dengan aktivitas fisik siswi kelas X dan XI di SMA dan SMK swasta wilayah kerja puskesmas pasundan Kota Samarinda tahun 2019. Desain yang digunakan yaitu cross sectional study dengan 141 orang siswi, teknik pengambilan sampel secara stratified random sampling. Data variabel body image diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner MBSRQ-AS, status gizi ditentukan menggunakan perhitungan IMT yang didapatkan dari pengukuran antropometri dan data aktivitas fisik diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner PAQ-A. Analisa data menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman Rank. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan sebesar (49,6%) responden berusia 16 tahun. Mayoritas mempunyai aktivitas fisik rendah (62,4%), body image negatif (66,0%), dan mempunyai status gizi normal (66,0%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara body image dan aktivitas fisik (p=0,005). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan aktivitas fisik (p=0,401). Kesimpulan yang diperoleh yaitu  hasil analisis menunjukkan kecenderungan semakin negatif body image maka semakin rendah aktivitas fisik.
Analisis Uji Tes Toleransi Glukosa Oral Sebagai Deteksi Dini Pradiabetes Pada Obesitas
Authors: Rahim Alfyan , Thaslifa  , Irwansyah
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a dangerous disease with prevalence in Indonesia, including South Sulawesi, until now it has reached 3.4% of the total population. Prediabetes is an early condition for diabetes where blood glucose levels are above normal levels. One of the factors that are most closely related to the incidence of prediabetes is obesity which is also a problem currently faced at the age of children and adolescents. One way to detect a disturbance in glucose metabolism is the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (TTGO).Objective: This study aims to determine the incidence of prediabetes in obese students. Methods: The study design was analytical descriptive, analyzing the test variables of OGTT as a prediabetes screening in the obese. The population was all active students of Megarezky University who were obese obtained by purposive sampling technique. Results: Based on the research result of 40 respondents, after the measured levels of GDP and two-hour glucose levels after oral glucose administration (postprandial), obtained a mean grade of respondents OGTT was 120,45 mg/dl and 8 (20%) of whom had an abnormal OGTT level ( 140-199 mg/dl). Conclusion: It reveals that the eight respondents experienced impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and prediabetes. Obese people should begin to keep a balance between intake and energy expended to avoid Diabetes Mellitus.
Two Perspectives on Ecological Art
Authors:   Liepaja University, Demitere Maija , Glöckner Jan Georg ,   Vilnius Academy of Arts
Published: December 2021

In the paper “Two perspectives on ecological art”, we will compare two perspectives on sustainability and the practicality of an ecological artwork. One perspective is from Latvian media artist Maija Demitere, researching slow media art, deep sustainability, and food production. Demitere uses micro-gardening prototypes as an instrument to inform the public on the problems of food production (local food, biodiversity, pesticides, herbicides, pollution caused by agriculture). Demitere uses gardening in combination with DIY (Do it Yourself) technologies to talk about slow living, ecology of the mind, and mindfulness.
The second perspective is offered by Jan Glöckner. Glöckner is a German artist and researcher. His research interests are collaborations between fungi and Hominidae. Glöckner reaches out with diplomatic gestures towards fungi to re-localise humans within the larger domain of living entities. He is working on an ethical framework that draws from deep ecology and Tibetian Buddhism to ensure the rights of microorganisms and macroorganisms in artistic, industrial, and research setups.
The first part of the paper will focus on recycling, waste management, waste produced by households, and the artists’ perspective on the problem. The second part will focus on a specific case of the exhibition “Life” by Olafur Eliasson at the Foundation Beyeler in Riehen, Switzerland. The second part will also look at the idea of “artistic greenwashing”. The last part of the article will attempt to conclude what can be considered an actual sustainable artwork and propose possible key points that describe a (deep) ecological artwork.
The paper uses such methods as case studies, literature analysis, and autoethnography.
Biological properties and conformational studies of amphiphilic Pd(II) and Ni(II) complexes bearing functionalized aroylaminocarbo-N-thioylpyrrolinate units
Authors: Poyraz Samet , Belveren Samet , Aydınoğlu Sabriye , Ulger Mahmut , de Cózar Abel , de Gracia Retamosa Maria , Sansano Jose M , Döndaş H Ali
Published: December 2021

A series of novel palladium(II) and nickel(II) complexes of multifunctionalized aroylaminocarbo-N-thioylpyrrolinates were synthesized and characterized by analytical and spectroscopic techniques. The biological properties of the freshly prepared compounds were screened against S. aureus, B. subtilis, A. hydrophila, E. coli, and A. baumannii bacteria and antituberculosis activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv strains. Also, the antifungal activity was studied against C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata standard strains. A deep conformational survey was monitored using DFT calculations with the aim to explain the importance of the final conformation in the biological experimental results.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS OF RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR TURRET BALL BEARING RING OF A BMP-2 INFANTRY FIGHTING VEHICLE
Authors: Akimov O , Boiarov V. , Zhdaniuk M. , Kholodnyi R. , Pankov S.
Published: December 2021

A large part of BMP-2 Infantry Fighting Vehicles needs to replace turret ball bearing rings. Under realization of replacement of spare parts and components made in Russia with domestic ones, KNVO "Fort" MVO Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine made an experimental batch of balls for turret ball bearing rings of infantry fighting vehicles BMP type. As a result of modernization of a turret ball bearing ring, steel balls were replaced with balls made of composite material.

A turret ball bearing is a large radial thrust bearing, cages of which are turret races. A stabile lower race is fixed by means of screws to a top of the vehicle‟s hull. Above the fixed race there is a movable upper race to which the turret is bolted.

A method for assessing the reliability of turret ball bearing rings of military armored vehicles was developed. The results of tests of turret ball bearing rings of BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicle tower are given. The reliability of turret ball bearing rings of armored vehicles was assessed taking into account the damage to the balls. The main types of damage to the balls: non-compliance of balls average diameter and non-compliance of the spherical shape of the ball to the requirements of operating documentation. The impact of the probability of no-failure operation of the balls on the durability of the ball bearing is determined.

It is necessary to take into account the presence of damage to the balls when determining the durability of the ball bearing. To validate the adequacy of the method, it is necessary to increase the test time of the ball bearing by conducting tests during its operation.
Construct 2 dan Adobe Ilustrator Untuk Membuat Media Belajar Tajwid Berbasis Android
Authors: Rian Rahmad Al , Herlandy Pratama Benny , Safitri Ajeng , Novita Nova , Syofiah Raja Nurazmi
Published: December 2021

Pandemi covid-19 menyebabkan penggunaan gadget mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan. Keadaaan ini menyebabkan aplikasi belanja online dan game online sangat diminati masyarakat. Game online mengalami perkembangan yang luar biasa dan terus menghasilkan variasi game online terbaru sehingga mampu menarik minat masyarakat untuk memainkan game – game tersebut dengan semakin menariknya fitur – fitur game yang dikembangkan oleh vendor dari game tersebut. Keadaan ini mampu semakin menarik minat para peserta didik untuk selalu memegang handphone dan memainkan game online tersebut disetiap kesempatan yang ada. Tajwid merupakan ilmu membaca Al Qur’an diajarkan langsung oleh para ustadz kepada siswa didalam ruang kelas melalui tulisan di papan tulis dan pelatihan pengucapan secara langsung di ruang kelas. Setelah selesai melakukan proses pembelajaran, para siswa pulang ke rumah masing – masing dan melakukan aktifitas keseharian lainnya seperti bermain game menggunakan gadget dan lain sebagainya. Keadaan ini tidak memberikan jaminan adanya pendampingan dari orang tua kepada anak untuk mengulang kembali pelajaran tajwid di rumah. Sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya ketidakberlanjutan proses pembelajaran di sekolah ke rumah. Keadaan ini membutuhkan guru yang mampu membuat media belajar. Media belajar tajwid tersebut menggunakan aplikasi construct 2 dan adobe ilustrator
ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES OF SYSTEMS STUDIES ON ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA, THEIR POSSIBILITIES IN THE "DIGITAL" SOCIETY
Authors: Makarov A.A.
Published: December 2021

The paper addresses major achievements, current trends, and challenges in systems studies on energy development. Further evolution of the methodology for these studies in the context of "digitalization" will depend on the development of artificial intelligence tools. The scope of planned work and possible means for its implementation in the systems studies on the energy development in the future information society are investigated for various forms of its organization.
Zeit der Unterhändler. Koordinierter Kapitalismus in Deutschland und Frankreich zwischen 1920 und 1950
Authors: Müller Philipp
Published: December 2021

Weder Kapitalismus noch Demokratie galten in den 1920er und 1930er Jahren als Pfeiler der Stabilität. Das begann sich erst nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg zu ändern. Dargestellt wird dieser Wandel in der Regel als Triumph von kapitalistischer Konsumgesellschaft und wohlfahrtsstaatlich gesicherter Demokratie über Faschismus und Kommunismus. 70 Jahre Bundesrepublik bieten Anlass, diese Sicht neu zu bewerten. Hermann Bücher zum Beispiel, Vorstandsmitglied des Reichsverbands der Deutschen Industrie, hielt Politiker für ökonomisch inkompetent und Parlamente für ungeeignet, um die wirtschaftlichen Grundlagen moderner Gesellschaften zu gestalten. Dennoch avancierte er nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg zu einem wichtigen Berater der ersten bundesdeutschen Regierung unter Konrad Adenauer. Wie kam es dazu, dass Akteure wie Hermann Bücher in Deutschland, genauso wie andere in Frankreich, demokratische Regierungen als Partner des Kapitalismus akzeptierten? Schlüssel dieser Entwicklung waren Vertreter wirtschaftlicher Interessen, die als Unterhändler zwischen Unternehmen und Staat vermittelten. Sie traten für eine Transformation des wirtschaftsliberalen Individualismus zu einem koordinierten Kapitalismus ein. Philipp Müller zeigt, dass die wirtschaftlichen Eliten durch die Regimewechsel nicht nachhaltig berührt wurden und in der Nachkriegszeit zu starkem Einfluss auf die wirtschaftliche und politische Ordnung gelangten. Damit stieg auch ihre Bereitschaft zur Akzeptanz der Demokratie.
Walter Greenwood's 'Love on the Dole'
Authors: Hopkins Chris
Published: December 2021

Love on the Dole (1933) is the best-remembered novel about the unemployed during the Depression, and has never been out of print. Its working-class author, Walter Greenwood, went overnight from being unemployed in Salford to being a best-selling writer. The novel’s impact was increased by a play adaptation in 1935, and Greenwood proposed a film adaption in 1936, but the British Board of Film Censors pronounced the story too ‘sordid’ and depressing’ to be fit for British cinema audiences. The film had to wait until 1940 when the Ministry of Information allowed this story of pre-war economic and social failure to be filmed. Reviewers of all political persuasions regarded the film as one of the best British wartime productions – and all three versions of Love on the Dole were referred to frequently during wartime debate about how a reconstructed post-war society should make a repetition of the nineteen thirties impossible. This is the first book-length study of this important work. It explores in detail what made the novel so influential among thirties and forties readers, analyses the considerable differences between the novel, play and film versions and puts the public response to Love on the Dole back into its full historical context. The book also discusses for the first time Greenwood’s whole literary career and his continuing success until the nineteen sixties: he wrote a further ten novels as well as plays and non-fiction works, few of which have received recent critical attention.
Studying City of God
Authors: Muir Stephanie
Published: December 2021

A leading example of a resurgent Latin American cinema — ‘la buena onda’ — in the early twenty-first century, City of God was a huge international popular and critical success. A combination of intoxicating, Hollywood-style genre film-making and hard-hitting, social-realist subject matter, it was hailed as a masterpiece at Cannes in 2002 and seen by over 3 million people in Brazil, including the Brazilian cabinet. This book considers: The historical and industrial context of City of God — a brief history of Latin American cinema is followed by a more detailed account of film-making in Brazil — from light-hearted travelogues to Cinema Novo and after — all in the context of increasing globalisation; Narrative and Genre — how the film uses the components of narrative in a complex way, experimentally manipulating time while using traditional genre conventions that are highly recognisable to mainstream audiences; Film language — the formal elements of the film are dissected through a detailed illustrated analysis of the kinetic, scene setting opening sequence; Audience responses — from establishment critical reaction to fan-based internet sites and student feedback; Representation and Ideology — just how ‘authentic’ can a film such as City of God hope to be? Does its style overwhelm its subject matter?
Effects of Haze Radiation and Eddy Heat Transport on the Thermal Structure of Pluto’s Lower Atmosphere
Authors: Wan 万 Linfeng 霖丰 , Zhang Xi , Bertrand Tanguy
Published: December 2021

The temperature profile of Pluto’s atmosphere has generally been assumed in a radiative–conductive equilibrium. Recent studies further highlighted the importance of radiative heating and cooling effects by haze particles. In this study, we update results from Zhang et al. by taking into account the icy haze composition proposed by Lavvas et al., and find that radiation of such an icy haze could still dominate the energy balance in the middle and upper atmosphere and explain the cold temperature observed by New Horizons. However, additional considerations are needed to explain the rapid decrease in temperature toward the icy surface at altitudes <25 km. We propose that vertical eddy heat transport might help maintain radiative–diffusive equilibrium in the lower atmosphere. In this scenario, our radiative–conductive–diffusive model (including both gas and haze) would match observations if the eddy diffusivity is on the order of 103 cm2 s−1. Alternatively, if eddy heat transport is not effective on Pluto, in order to match observations, haze albedo must increase rapidly with decreasing altitude and approach unity near the surface. This is a plausible result of additional ice condensation and/or cloud formation. In this scenario, haze radiation might still dominate over gas radiation and heat conduction to maintain radiative equilibrium. Better constraints on haze albedo at ultraviolet and visible wavelengths would be a key to distinguish these two scenarios. Future mid-infrared observations from the James Webb Space Telescope could also constrain the thermal emission and haze properties in Pluto’s lower atmosphere.
GRB 210121A: A Typical Fireball Burst Detected by Two Small Missions
Authors: Wang 王 Xiangyu Ivy 翔煜 , Zheng Xutao , Xiao Shuo , Yang Jun , Liu Zi-Ke , Yang Yu-Han , Zou Jin-Hang , Zhang Bin-Bin , Zeng Ming , Xiong Shao-Lin , Feng Hua , Song Xin-Ying , Wen Jiaxing , Xu Dacheng , Chen Guo-Yin , Ni Yang , Zhang Zi-Jian , Wu Yu-Xuan , Cai Ce , Cang Jirong , Deng Yun-Wei , Gao Huaizhong , Kong De-Feng , Huang Yue , Li Cheng-Kui , Li Hong , Li Xiao-Bo , Liang En-Wei , Lin Lin , Liu Yihui , Long Xiangyun , Lu Dian , Luo Qi , Ma Yong-Chang , Meng Yan-Zhi , Peng Wen-Xi , Qiao Rui , Song Li-Ming , Tian Yang , Wang Pei-Yuan , Wang Ping , Wang Xiang-Gao , Xu Sheng , Yang Dongxin , Yin Yi-Han , Zeng Weihe , Zeng Zhi , Zhang Ting-Jun , Zhang Yuchong , Zhang Zhao , Zhang Zhen
Published: December 2021

The Chinese CubeSat Mission, Gamma Ray Integrated Detectors (GRID), recently detected its first gamma-ray burst, GRB 210121A, which was jointly observed by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM). This burst is confirmed by several other missions, including Fermi and Insight-HXMT. We combined multimission observational data and performed a comprehensive analysis of the burst’s temporal and spectral properties. Our results show that the burst is relatively special in its high peak energy, thermal-like low-energy indices, and large fluence. By putting it to the E

p
–E

γ,iso relation diagram with assumed distance, we found that this burst can be constrained at the redshift range of [0.3, 3.0]. The thermal spectral component is also confirmed by the direct fit of the physical models to the observed spectra. Interestingly, the physical photosphere model also constrained a redshift of z ∼ 0.3 for this burst, which helps us to identify a host galaxy candidate at such a distance within the location error box. Assuming that the host galaxy is real, we found that the burst can be best explained by the photosphere emission of a typical fireball with an initial radius of r
0 ∼ 3.2 × 107 cm.
Internal Structure of the 2019 April 2 CME
Authors: Wood Brian E. , Braga Carlos R. , Vourlidas Angelos
Published: December 2021

We present the first analysis of internal coronal mass ejection (CME) structure observed very close to the Sun by the Wide-field Imager for Solar PRobe (WISPR) instrument on board the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). The transient studied here is a CME observed during PSP’s second perihelion passage on 2019 April 2, when PSP was only 40 R
⊙ from the Sun. The CME was also well observed from 1 au by the STEREO-A spacecraft, which tracks the event all the way from the Sun to 1 au. However, PSP/WISPR observes internal structure not apparent in the images from 1 au. In particular, two linear features are observed, one bright and one dark. We model these features as two loops within the CME flux rope (FR) channel. The loops can be interpreted as bundles of field lines, with the brightness of the bright loop indicative of lots of mass being loaded into those field lines, and with the dark loop being devoid of such mass loading. It is possible that these loops are actually representative of two independent FR structures within the overall CME outline.
An In Situ Study of Turbulence near Stellar Bow Shocks
Authors: Ocker Stella Koch , Cordes James M. , Chatterjee Shami , Dolch Timothy
Published: December 2021

Stellar bow shocks are observed in a variety of interstellar environments and shaped by the conditions of gas in the interstellar medium (ISM). In situ measurements of turbulent density fluctuations near stellar bow shocks are only achievable with a few observational probes, including Hα-emitting bow shocks and the Voyager Interstellar Mission (VIM). In this paper, we examine density variations around the Guitar Nebula, an Hα bow shock associated with PSR B2224+65, in tandem with density variations probed by VIM near the boundary of the solar wind and ISM. High-resolution Hubble Space Telescope observations of the Guitar Nebula taken between 1994 and 2006 trace density variations over scales from hundreds to thousands of au, while VIM density measurements made with the Voyager 1 Plasma Wave System constrain variations from thousands of meters to tens of au. The power spectrum of density fluctuations constrains the amplitude of the turbulence wavenumber spectrum near the Guitar Nebula to

log

10

C

n

2

=
−
0.8
±
0.2

m−20/3 and for the very local ISM probed by Voyager to

log

10

C

n

2

=
−
1.57
±
0.02

m−20/3. Spectral amplitudes obtained from multiepoch observations of four other Hα bow shocks also show significant enhancements from values that are considered typical for the diffuse, warm ionized medium, suggesting that density fluctuations near these bow shocks may be amplified by shock interactions with the surrounding medium or selection effects that favor Hα emission from bow shocks embedded in denser media.
The Effect of Chemotherapy on Estradiol Levels in Patients with HER 2-Overexpression Breast Cancer in Dr Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Zaini Imam Hafidh , Soewoto Widyanti , Budhi Ida Bagus
Published: December 2021

AIM: This study aims to evaluate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on estradiol levels in patients with HER 2-overexpression breast cancer in a developing country.

METHODS: This comparative study with pre- and post-design model observation approach, involving patients with HER 2-overexpression breast cancer who had undergone surgery and had never received chemotherapy or hormonal therapy before, who were then given adjuvant chemotherapy. Estradiol levels were measured before and after chemotherapy. The study was carried out in the surgical oncology division of RSUD Dr. Moewardi (RSDM) Surakarta from January 2020-December 2020. Descriptive data are presented in a frequency table based on age, menstrual status, parity status, breastfeeding status, contraception, contraception duration, family history, stage, and histological grade. Before and after chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer, the estradiol levels employed the paired sample t-test of the Wilcoxon rank test because the data did not meet the normality assumption.

RESULTS: From the total data of 21 patients, 15 patients experienced a decrease in estradiol levels after chemotherapy, while six patients underwent an increase. The mean estradiol level before chemotherapy was 89.41 pg/ml, whereas the mean estradiol level after chemotherapy was 55.90 pg/ml. It indicates a difference in the decrease in estradiol levels of 33.51 pg/ml. The statistical test results also obtained a p-value of = 0.033 (p < 0.05), which signifies a significant difference between estradiol levels before and after chemotherapy. Thus, chemotherapy is effective in lowering estradiol levels in patients with breast cancer.

CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy affects decreasing estradiol levels in patients with HER2 overexpression breast cancer.
Linking Gut Microbiota, Metabolic Syndrome and Metabolic Health among a Sample of Obese Egyptian Females
Authors: Hassan Nayera E. , El-Masry Sahar A. , Nageeb Ayat , El Hussieny Mohamed S. , Khalil Aya , Aly Manal , Selim Mohamed , Alian Khadija , Abdel Rasheed Enas , Abdel Wahed Mai Magdy , Amine Darine
Published: December 2021

Background: Studies of the gut microbiota have revealed a great link to obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to review the dysbiosis of gut microbiota in terms of the components of MetS among a sample of obese Egyptian female patients and to assess current potential gut microbiota targeted therapies for the treatment of MetS. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study included 82 obese Egyptian women.  All participants were subjected to anthropometric assessment; and  laboratory evaluation of fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid profile and insulin resistance (HOMA), in addition to fecal microbiota analysis for Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroid. Results: Among obese group with MetS, Firmicutes / Bacteroidetes Ratio was negatively associated with HOMA and positively associated with serum cholesterol and LDL, while lactobacillus was negatively associated with serum cholesterol. Among obese group without MetS, Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio is negatively associated with WC (central obesity marker) and positively associated with CRP (inflammatory marker), while lactobacillus was positively correlated with FBS and HOMA, and Bifidobacteria was negatively associated with serum cholesterol and LDL.Conclusion: The two beneficial types the Lactobacillus and bifidobacteria supplementation in form of probiotic with therapeutic treatment and decreasing of WChave their important role in controlling and treating hypertension, serum cholesterol and LDL levels, among obese females even with MetS.
First record of hydrozoan genera Eucheilota McCrady, 1859 and Mitrocomella Haeckel, 1879 and species Porpita porpita (Linnaeus, 1758) and Physalia physalis (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Widiastuti Widiastuti
Published: December 2021

This report documents the first record of the genera Eucheilota and Mitrocomella and species Porpita porpita and Physalia physalis in Bali, Indonesia, based on observed occurrences in different times and sites. The coincidence of the annual stranding of Physalia physalis in the east Bali and south Java coasts during the monsoon periods in Indonesia suggests a link with the upwelling events in the areas. However, more work is needed to analyse this phenomenon and study the occurrences of other Hydromedusae due to the limited data on hydrozoans in Indonesian waters. Overall, this report provides primary data to contribute to the general understanding of the biodiversity of marine organisms in Indonesia.
Distribution of Stenasellidae in Africa and description of a new species of Metastenasellus from Cameroonian groundwaters
Authors: Oumarou Farikou Pountougnigni , Christophe Piscart , Paul Bertrand Sob Nangou , Serge Hubert Zebaze Togouet
Published: December 2021

During recent investigations of the groundwater fauna of Cameroon, specimens of a new species of the stygobitic genus Metastenasellus, M. boutini sp. nov. were collected in wells of the city of Douala. The new species can be easily distinguished from the other species of the genus by its relatively large size (up to 11 mm), pleonite 1 and 2 half the length of pereonite 7, the shape of pleopod 2 in males (presence of an external lobe on the protopodite, distal part of the spermatic duct slightly protruding out of the second article, lack of a distal seta on the exopodite), and uropod half the length of the pleotelson. Ecological data and a key to Metastenasellus species are provided. We also performed an exhaustive analysis of the literature on Stenasellidae in Africa to study the geographical distribution of the family in this continent and discuss some hypotheses about the origin of African species.
Comment fonctionne un synode national : Castres, 1626
Authors: Daireaux Luc
Published: December 2021

L’article cherche à comprendre le fonctionnement des synodes nationaux. La démonstration s’appuie sur un exemple précis : en 1626, en plein cœur d’une décennie agitée, à Castres, se tient un important synode national réunissant pasteurs et anciens de l’ensemble des provinces du royaume. L’historien dispose, entre autres sources, d’un copieux procès-verbal rédigé de manière chronologique par Auguste II Galland, désigné commissaire par le roi Louis XIII pour assister au vingt-cinquième synode national depuis 1559. Ce document, récemment édité par Dénes Harai, permet de mieux comprendre l’ordonnancement de la réunion et suggère une nouvelle fois combien les « actes » ou les « résultats » du synode, tels qu’ils figurent par exemple dans les recueils bien connus de John Quick (1692) ou de Jean Aymon (1710), constituent une mise en forme textuelle aux aspects elliptiques et consensuels, bien loin d’une réalité sans aucun doute autrement plus complexe.
Sources et méthodes de la théologie réformée française au XVII e siècle
Authors: Armogathe Jean-Robert
Published: December 2021

La théologie réformée française du xviie siècle mérite d’être étudiée pour son usage de l’Écriture, des Pères et des Réformateurs. Elle évolue en passant de la controverse à la règle de foi. En effet, si on constate une certaine timidité devant la critique textuelle, celle-ci est compensée par une réflexion aiguë sur les sens de l’Écriture : il s’agissait en effet de critiquer la théorie médiévale des quatre sens, sans pour autant éliminer la pluralité des sens. D’autre part, la parution en 1633 de L’Eucharistie de l’ancienne Église par Edme Aubertin marque un tournant dans la controverse, permettant une « réhabilitation » des Pères chez les théologiens réformés. Enfin, la mise en sourdine des écrits des Réformateurs signifie bien le refus des théologiens réformés d’être accusés d’innovation.
Parler de ce qu’on voudrait taire : mémoires protestants au risque de la confession
Authors: Trivisani-Moreau Isabelle
Published: December 2021

À partir d’un corpus de dix mémoires de protestants partis au Refuge après la Révocation de l’édit de Nantes, sont examinées les situations de conflits intérieurs dans lesquelles se sont trouvés leurs auteurs : il s’agit d’abord de conflits entre la foi et la morale touchant souvent à leurs propres familles et se repérant dans la pratique de la dissimulation et du mensonge. Mais la contrainte catholique a aussi pour effet de segmenter de l’intérieur une foi qui ne peut plus être pleinement vécue et va jusqu’à trouver dans l’abjuration un arrangement temporaire, en des compromissions que les auteurs peinent à dénoncer. Les marques de cette segmentation intérieure se retrouvent dans le texte où le processus de reconfiguration mémorielle laisse apparaître des failles qui sont autant celles de l’écriture que du sujet : l’écart entre temps de l’histoire et temps de la narration, les perturbations de la chronologie ou les variations énonciatives par insertion.
Assurance maladie : l'impossible colmatage du tonneau des Danaïdes
Authors: de Kervasdoué Jean
Published: December 2021

La France a dû se prendre à trois reprises (1925, 1945, 1999) pour créer un système d'assurance maladie universelle. Exclusivement financé par des cotisations salariales, son assiette s'est entendue à d'autres revenus grâce à la CSG. Cette assiette est toutefois totalement déconnectée de la demande de soins : la démographie, le progrès médical, les épidémies, demande d'ailleurs quasi infinie du fait de la gratuité des soins. Comme pour des raisons éthiques et économiques, les mécanismes de marché sont inopérants ; il a fallu recourir à des mécanismes de rationnement pour tendre vers un équilibre financier, d'ailleurs jamais atteint. Inégalitaires, inéquitables, ces mécanismes dont la sophistication dépassent rarement la règle de trois volent en éclat à période régulière, c'est le cas aujourd'hui. Il est pourtant possible de mieux arbitrer entre offre et demande de soins et de cesser de jouer à un psychodrame répétitif et lassant, celui que jouent depuis un demi-siècle les gouvernements quand ils tentent, sans succès, d'équilibrer les dépenses de soins médicaux. Classification JEL : I10, I11, I14, I18.
Comment restaurer la compétitivité de la recherche française en biologie-santé ?
Authors: Catillon Maryaline
Published: December 2021

Entre 2000 et 2020, la production française de recherche biomédicale est passée de la 5 e  à la 9 e  place mondiale. Au cours des dix dernières années, les ressources consacrées à la recherche biomédicale en France et la production scientifique française ont reculé sur la scène internationale. L'augmentation des financements et les réformes prévues ne suffiront pas à restaurer la compétitivité de la France. Dans le contexte international, cet article décrit les grandes évolutions des dix dernières années, considère les réformes envisagées et propose d'autres mesures : mettre en place un programme scientifique d'évaluation quantitative et qualitative de la recherche biomédicale, fixer des obligations de résultat en termes de délais et de coordination aux multiples agences et organismes investis dans le financement et l'organisation de la recherche, développer la formation des chercheurs et des médecins à la qualité et à la reproductibilité de la recherche, conditionner l'attribution des crédits pour les essais cliniques à des critères méthodologiques et décloisonner les disciplines dans l'enseignement supérieur. Classification JEL : I11, I12, I14.
Master en Sciences de l’information : une opportunité d’évolution pour les professionnels de l’information de Suisse romande
Authors: Makhlouf Shabou Basma , Nicolet Aurèle , Pelletier Élise
Published: December 2021

Seul master consécutif en sciences de l’information en Suisse romande, le Master of Science HES-SO en Sciences de l’information (Msc IS), a beaucoup évolué pour s’adapter aux nouveaux défis et renforcer l’expertise des étudiants. Tout en reposant sur une approche interdisciplinaire, il comprend de plus en plus de modules de spécialisation, notamment sur cet enjeu capital que sont les données, et dans le contexte de l’ Open Science . Les étudiants, venus de tous horizons, se retrouvent à porter les deux casquettes du spécialiste en sciences de l’information et du chercheur.
Le monde associatif suisse dans le domaine des sciences de l’information : enjeux, défis, dynamisme !
Authors: Gorin Michel
Published: December 2021

La Suisse bénéficie d’un tissu associatif dense et dynamique, qui existe également dans le secteur des sciences de l’information, où dominent deux associations nationales : Bibliosuisse et l’ Association des archivistes suisses ( AAS ). Ces associations font face à divers enjeux, liés aux réalités des sciences de l’information, mais aussi à la complexité structurelle du monde associatif suisse. Elles jouent un rôle majeur pour aider les professionnel.le.s à développer leurs compétences, à s’adapter aux mutations, à faire valoir leurs droits. Cependant, sans le soutien actif de ces professionnel.le.s, elles risquent de s’essouffler. Pour que ces associations puissent continuer à assumer leurs responsabilités, les employeur.euse.s et les employé.e.s sont appelé.e.s à s’impliquer toujours plus.
Les soins psychiques aux personnes avec une déficience intellectuelle selon la perspective jungienne : Réflexions théoriques et exploration à l’aide d’une étude de cas
Authors: Cudré-Mauroux Annick
Published: December 2021

La question des soins psychiques pour les personnes avec une déficience intellectuelle est au cœur de cet article. Elle demande de se confronter aux difficultés que ces dernières peuvent rencontrer au niveau expressif, émotionnel, symbolique mais aussi traumatique et relationnel. En se basant sur une logique développementale du processus d’individuation, l’analyste peut guider leur accompagnement. L’utilisation de la méthode expressive indirecte du jeu de sable permet de contourner leurs difficultés de communication et les activations des mécanismes de défense. Afin d’illustrer la richesse que peut offrir une telle méthodologie, une étude de cas est présentée.
Esprit et corps, ce qu’en dit Descartes
Authors: Urban Elizabeth , Raguet Christian
Published: December 2021

Dans cet article, l’auteure examine la place de Descartes dans la réflexion actuelle sur le dilemme corps-esprit. Son hypothèse de départ est que, dans l’histoire des idées, les questions posées peuvent être aussi importantes que les réponses reçues. L’interrogation primordiale de Descartes était « Comment avoir une certitude ? » et sa recherche le conduisit au cogito ergo sum . Cette réponse souleva aussitôt la question de savoir si l’esprit était séparé du corps ou unifié avec lui. Ceux qui soutiennent aujourd’hui que le cerveau et la subjectivité sont unifiés affirment que le philosophe a « séparé » l’esprit du corps ; ils évoquent l’« erreur de Descartes ». Cet article note que les détracteurs de Descartes ne reconnaissent pas sa contribution à la pensée occidentale, qui a été d’introduire les Lumières et de donner une place à la subjectivité humaine. De plus, l’examen de la correspondance de Descartes avec la princesse Élisabeth de Bohême montre que Descartes croyait en fait à l’unité de l’esprit et du corps, bien qu’il ne puisse pas concilier cela, rationnellement, avec la certitude, issue de son expérience personnelle, qu’il s’agissait de substances distinctes. Ainsi, Descartes se trouvait face au même dilemme que celui de penseurs et de chercheurs contemporains, un différend qui n’est toujours pas résolu.
L’âme est-elle « profonde » ?
Authors: Giegerich Wolfgang , Gaumond Marcel , Raguet Christian
Published: December 2021

Amorçant sa réflexion sur l’âme à partir d’un propos tenu par le philosophe Héraclite sur l’âme, l’auteur fait ressortir le fait que, vu l’impossibilité d’approcher l’âme (psyché) directement, nous n’avons d’autre choix que celui d’en saisir la réalité par ses manifestations. « Nous avons compris, dira-t-il, que la psychologie est l’étude de la réflexion dans le miroir et non l’étude de ce qui s’y reflète. » Aussi convient-il mieux de parler de la « profondeur de la pensée ( lógos ) sur l’âme » plutôt que de la « profondeur de l’âme ». Ce qui nous amènerait à une modification radicale de notre rapport au monde de la vie psychique et à un nouveau statut de la conscience. S’inspirant, au départ, de la notion de « réalité psychique » proposée par Jung pour étayer sa propre Weltanschauung , il différencie celle-ci tant de celle de Jung que de celle d’Hillman dont il fut l’ami et le collaborateur.
Comparison of different types of exercise training on resting blood pressure in 30-45 years old adults: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Punia S. , Singh V. , Joshi S. , Saini M.
Published: December 2021

Hypertension is the most metastasizing non-communicable disease, which has affected more than 1.4 billion people, worldwide. Exercise is the core management strategy for hypertensive individuals. Extensive literature is available for each kind of exercise that is isometric hand grip training (IHGT), resistance training (RT), and aerobic training (AT). However, the comparison between these exercise regimens has not been done in a single trial. The trial was conducted on 126 subjects in Hisar, an urban area of Haryana (INDIA), from July 2017 to December 2018. Subjects were randomly assigned to four groups: control (n=33), IHGT (n=32), RT (n=31), and AT (n=30). Study variables were measured at baseline, 2nd week, 4th week, 6th week, and also after the 8th week of intervention. Experimental groups showed significant reduction in all the components of blood pressure in comparison to control group. The RT group showed maximum reduction in blood pressure in comparison to other regimens (systolic blood pressure: RT > IHGT > AT; diastolic blood pressure: RT > AT > IHGT). However, the difference between the groups is not statistically significant (P>0.05). The study findings reveal that different kind of exercise regimens are equally effective in lowering blood pressure among pre hypertensive and stage 1 hypertension adults.
Cascaded robust control of mechanical ventilator using fractional order sliding mode control
Authors: Ullah Nasim ,   Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering, TAIF University, TAIF 11099, Saudi Arabia, Mohammad Al-sharef
Published: December 2021

A mechanical ventilator is an important medical equipment that assists patients who have breathing difficulties. In recent times a huge percentage of COVID-19 infected patients suffered from respiratory system failure. In order to ensure the abundant availability of mechanical ventilators during COVID-19 pandemic, most of the manufacturers around the globe utilized open source designs. Patients safety is of utmost importance while using mechanical ventilators for assisting them in breathing. Closed loop feedback control system plays vital role in ensuring the stability and reliability of dynamical systems such as mechanical ventilators. Ideal characteristics of mechanical ventilators include safety of patients, reliability, quick and smooth air pressure buildup and release.Unfortunately most of the open source designs and mechanical ventilator units with classical control loops cannot achieve the above mentioned ideal characteristics under system uncertainties. This article proposes a cascaded approach to formulate robust control system for regulating the states of ventilator unit using blower model reduction techniques. Model reduction allows to cascade the blower dynamics in the main controller design for airway pressure. The proposed controller is derived based on both integer and non integer calculus and the stability of the closed loop is ensured using Lyapunov theorems. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is demonstrated using extensive numerical simulations.
Demographic Rate Variability of Bighead and Silver Carps Along an Invasion Gradient
Authors: Erickson Richard A. , Kallis Jahn L. , Coulter Alison A. , Coulter David P. , MacNamara Ruairí , Lamer James T. , Bouska Wesley W. , Irons Kevin S. , Solomon Levi E. , Stump Andrew J. , Weber Michael J. , Brey Marybeth K. , Sullivan Christopher J. , Sass Greg G. , Garvey James E. , Glover David C.
Published: December 2021

Invasive Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix have infested and caused largescale ecological and economic damage to the Illinois, Mississippi, and Ohio rivers. We compiled demographic data from 42,995 fish from 23 pools in the Illinois, Mississippi, and Ohio rivers, which universities and management agencies previously collected as part of management, monitoring, and research activities. We used this data set to test whether demographic rates (length–weight relations including body condition, mortality, growth curves, and female maturity curves) varied among subpopulations across a gradient of invasion status. We found that length–weight relations and growth curves varied among subpopulations, whereas maturity curves did not. Our findings demonstrated spatial variability in demographic rates for Bighead and Silver carp across a broad geographic area in relation to invasion status and river conditions. Herein, we provide general subpopulation management options and present different hypotheses to explain the observed spatial variability in demographic rates.
Entre collectionnisme et grand décor
Authors: Bazin-Henry Sandra
Published: December 2021

Cet article s’intéresse à l’histoire d’œuvres hybrides et méconnues : les miroirs peints. Leur spécificité est de mettre en présence, sur le même plan et dans le même espace, une image spéculaire et une image peinte. Dans ce dispositif illusionniste où les niveaux de réalité cohabitent, se confondent et se juxtaposent tout à la fois, la glace conserve ainsi sa fonction réfléchissante, en même temps qu’elle devient un support pictural à part entière. Ces œuvres apparaissent à Rome dans la première moitié du xviie siècle. Il s’agit d’abord de petits miroirs, puis d’objets de plus grandes dimensions, avant de devenir progressivement de véritables décors ornant murs et plafonds. Natures mortes, paysages, sujets religieux ou mythologiques sont autant de genres picturaux développés dans ces œuvres, exécutées par plusieurs générations d’artistes, parfois de grande renommée, à l’instar de Mario dei Fiori, Carlo Maratta ou Ciro Ferri. Le premier enjeu de notre recherche était de mettre en lien les exemples disparus, mis en lumière par les archives, et les exemples conservés, dans certains cas bien documentés, afin de mieux comprendre l’histoire de ces œuvres dans la culture artistique romaine de la période baroque. Le second enjeu était de rapprocher les miroirs mobiles conservés des grands décors de glaces peintes, qui témoignent d’une évolution de la pratique artistique, d’une plus grande maîtrise technique et d’un enrichissement des compositions. Cette mise en relation des objets et des décors a été indispensable pour comprendre de façon plus large l’histoire de ces œuvres dans la culture artistique romaine et ce qu’elle révèle du point de vue du goût des commanditaires et des pratiques artistiques. Ainsi notre approche mêle volontairement l’histoire des collections, celle du grand décor, et plus généralement l’histoire sociale.