bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urbanização e repressão ao comportamento negro em Salvador no Século XIX
Authors: Matos Trigueiro Marinho Nilene , De Figueiredo Lucena Ricardo
Published: March 2022

Com o desenvolvimento das urbes e as leis de abolição no século XIX, o negro ganha as cidades brasileiras ocupando-se dos trabalhos referentes à infraestrutura urbana, assim como do trabalho doméstico. A exposição, cada vez maior, de suas manifestações culturais em vias públicas provocaria a perseguição do Estado e da elite branca, que argumentava a ausência de códigos de conduta e civilidade no comportamento destes indivíduos. A partir destas questões, pretendemos analisar a condição do negro na cidade de Salvador no século XIX, momento em que um processo de urbanização mais intenso desenvolve-se e, com ele, um discurso em torno de comportamentos e códigos sociais de conduta e civilidade. Para cumprir os intentos do estudo fizemos uso da pesquisa bibliográfico-documental, com inserção em alguns periódicos da Hemeroteca Digital da Biblioteca Nacional, que tratavam da presença negra nas cidades no século XIX. A leitura de Elias se fez de grande relevância na compreensão dos conceitos de civilização, de conduta, de regras de etiqueta, marcadamente utilizados nos textos dos periódicos para justificar a necessidade de expurgar os negros e suas manifestações dos espaços públicos das cidades. Procuramos entender o comportamento da elite branca brasileira estabelecida em relação aos negros e acreditamos que a relação entre os dois grupos esteve inserida em uma figuração estabelecidos/outsiders, no interior de um esforço civilizador, na capital baiana.
O papel do Napne no processo social de estudantes público da educação especial em um campus do IFES
Authors: Da Silva Wingler Silvani
Published: March 2022

Através deste estudo, objetivamos apresentar as ações desenvolvidas pelo Napne voltadas à inclusão dos estudantes público da educação especial em um Campus do Instituto Federal de Educação do Espírito Santo (IFES). Na realização deste estudo, utilizamos como inspiração teórica a Sociologia Figuracional, elaborada pelo Sociólogo Alemão Norbert Elias pautado nos conceitos de figuração, interdependências e processos sociais. Para coleta de dados, utilizamos atas de reuniões, estudo de documentos e relatórios institucionais. Nossas principais constatações nos dão conta de que o Ifes, com base na legislação nacional, sobre educação especial, instituiu documentos norteadores de suas políticas educacionais as quais são executadas por uma comissão de servidores voluntários. A Comissão tem executado atividades como: promoção de eventos, visitas técnicas, acompanhamento aos discentes e docentes. No entanto, são necessários rompimentos de barreiras para uma efetivação dessas políticas: a barreira atitudinal e a financeira.
Memoria colectiva frente a la muerte de un par generacional: la elaboración del sufrimiento desde la perspectiva de jóvenes estudiantes
Authors: Arevalos Darío Hernán
Published: March 2022

Este artículo analiza las prácticas juveniles de producción de memorias como modo de elaboración del sufrimiento frente a la muerte de un par generacional. Los datos empíricos se enmarcan en un estudio socioeducativo cualitativo de carácter exploratorio cuyo objetivo general ha sido comprender las experiencias emocionales sobre la muerte desde la perspectiva de estudiantes que asisten a dos escuelas secundarias urbanas periféricas de la Ciudad de la Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Los resultados del estudio permiten afirmar que el miedo, la culpa, la soledad y la vergüenza estructuran la vida afectiva como consecuencia de una pérdida significativa en la propia vida. Estas emotividades se entraman en una red sentimental que se tramita a partir de la construcción de narrativas colectivas de sentido.
Las relaciones entre generaciones en universidades: la perspectiva de los profesores
Authors: Barragan Diego , Santos Reinaldo
Published: March 2022

O artigo analisa as relações entre as gerações que participam dos processos educativos nas universidades a partir da perspectiva dos professores. As condições predominantes nas universidades, os possíveis elos que podem ser tecidos, as ações alternativas que podem ser realizadas, estão moldando as experiências e as visões dos professores sobre suas relações com os estudantes. Foi utilizada metodologia qualitativa, foi mantido um diário de campo e foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade em universidades públicas e privadas em Bogotá. O balança de poder estabelecido nas instituições influencia as relações, especificamente, entre estudantes e professores. Foram encontrados três tipos: autoritário, enquadrado na tradição onde o balança de poder é orientado para o professor que recebe apoio institucional, com diretrizes de treinamento estabelecidas e distante dos alunos. As conflituosas são orientadas para manter um número significativo de estudantes; o balança de poder é inclinado para os estudantes, estabelecendo uma relação relativamente forte com os proprietários ou administradores da universidade; onde os processos de formação e os professores ocupam lugares marginais. E os formativos mostram um equilíbrio no balança de poder, onde professores e alunos desenvolvem suas funções tendo como núcleo o processo educacional e a consolidação de uma comunidade acadêmica; a participação de grupos fora do ensino ou da pesquisa não é importante. Três alternativas são apresentadas onde as relações entre gerações são influenciadas pela dinâmica e lógica dos grupos de poder encontrados nas universidades.
A vez e a voz das crianças: protagonismo na dinâmica das práticas pedagógicas?
Authors: Ferreira Eliana Maria , Romualdo Souza Gomes Cindy
Published: March 2022

Este artigo apresenta reflexões de um estudo que tem como objetivo analisar os conflitos e os aspectos de resistência dos docentes quando se deparam com normatizações referentes ao trabalho pedagógico ao compreender as crianças como centro da prática educativa. Para a coleta de dados, debruçamos sobre as situações cotidianas narradas pelas professoras nos momentos de formações, realizadas nos encontros mensais de estudos, lançando mão da teoria de Norbert Elias (1994; 2006) olhando as relações de poder entre as crianças e as professoras, observando gatilhos que desequilibram o poder ora para o adulto ora para a criança em uma relação de instabilidade e conflitos de interesses. Os resultados indicam que o protagonismo das crianças se restringe apenas nas práticas pedagógicas quando suas professoras vão planejar o que irão desenvolver com elas e que não percebem que estão à margem dos processos de construção das aprendizagens, das relações interpessoais, ocupações dos espaços, organização da rotina e do tempo na instituição.  Analisando as narrativas das professoras, percebemos que nos entremeios do cotidiano, nos detalhes das relações do dia a dia o que prevalece de fato, são as opiniões, ritmos e interesses não só da professora, mas dos demais adultos da instituição. Disso compreendemos que não basta contemplar no papel os interesses da criança, é preciso um olhar refinado e vigilante sobre a prática, sobre as relações que priorizem o exercício por parte dos pequenos de sua independência e protagonismo na construção das aprendizagens, das relações com o outro e com o meio.
A universidade pública para os jovens das classes populares: narrativas de superação e a luta por transformação social
Authors: Silva Vasconcelos Francisca Denise , Paiva da Silva Luana , Sousa Damasceno Roniel , Viana Sales Bárbara Ellen
Published: March 2022

As políticas de ações afirmativas vêm aumentando o acesso ao ensino superior para jovens oriundos de classes populares. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente artigo é discutir os significados da universidade pública para esses jovens. Para isso, apresentaremos os dados obtidos por meio da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 27 estudantes da Universidade Federal do Ceará – Campus Sobral. Para a análise dos dados utilizamos como ferramenta o software IRAMUTEQ e o suporte teórico da Análise de Discurso trazida por Orlandi. Os relatos dos estudantes permitem compreender que a entrada deles na Universidade Pública está vinculada à negação das instituições privadas de ensino superior, que trazem em seu bojo impossibilidades a esses sujeitos, bem como à superação de contextos de empobrecimento através da possibilidade de emancipação e concretização de seus projetos de vida. Com isso, notamos a construção de trajetórias de superação pautadas na luta por reconhecimento e transformação social.
Esporte, saúde e prática pedagógica em Educação Física
Authors: Koumantareas John , Cruz de Oliveira Rogério
Published: March 2022

O presente estudo advém de dissertação de mestrado e tem como objetivo compreender como ocorre a relação entre esporte e saúde na prática pedagógica de profissionais de Educação Física no contexto de não formação de atletas. Ou seja, nos espaços e locais onde a competição e consequente profissionalização não constituam seu objetivo final. Assim, vivenciadas para além da dimensão do esporte de rendimento. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, tendo participado do estudo nove profissionais de Educação Física lotados numa secretaria de esportes de um município localizado na região metropolitana da Baixada Santista – SP. A entrevista semiestruturada foi o instrumento de coleta de dados e versou sobre duas questões: a) a importância do esporte para a vida das pessoas na sua relação com a saúde, e; b) as possibilidades de trabalho com o tema saúde na prática pedagógica em Educação Física. A análise de dados se deu por categorias não-apriorísticas e como resultado, revelou, que, os profissionais de Educação Física compreenderam o esporte como: a) fomentador da saúde; b) estratégia de socialização; e c) sinônimo de saúde; No que tange ao trabalho em saúde na prática pedagógica em Educação Física, constatou-se, que, este ocorre por meio de orientações aos munícipes. Assim, concluiu-se, existir uma visão simplista do binômio esporte-saúde na prática pedagógica em Educação Física.
Mapeamento de metodologias de avaliação de projetos sociais
Authors: Peres Rodrigues Patrícia , Branchi Bruna Angela , Sugahara Cibele Roberta
Published: March 2022

As organizações sociais desenvolvem programas que contribuem para o bem-estar social e o atendimento de lacunas do setor público, ao fomentar o exercício da cidadania de forma direta e autônoma. O conhecimento dos impactos destes programas é fundamental na comunicação com os diferentes stakeholders. Tendo em vista isso, o artigo objetiva mapear as metodologias de avaliação dos impactos de programas sociais a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica descritiva-explicativa. No desenvolvimento do trabalho foram consultadas as bases SciELO, Scopus e BDTD no sentido de investigar a produção científica sobre o tema avaliação de programas sociais ao longo dos últimos dez anos. Constatou-se que poucos trabalhos acadêmicos foram desenvolvidos e publicados, assinalando a necessidade de fomentar a cultura da avaliação, especialmente para colaborar com os gestores das organizações durante o processo avaliativo dos impactos dos programas desenvolvidos.
IL-8 gene expression and bronchial asthma phenotypes in children
Authors:   Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt., Hodeib Mahmoud , Taha Gamal ,   Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt., Mohamed Mohamed ,   Chest Department Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt., Maarek Eman ,   Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt., Doudar Noha ,   Clinical & Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
Published: March 2022

Asthma is a common chronic illness among school children, where different cytokines, including IL-8 play a role in its pathogenesis. IL-8 induces chemotaxis and migration of immune cells, especially neutrophils to the site of inflammation. IL-8 level was significantly increased in sputum of severely asthmatic patients, but can it be linked to some asthma phenotypes. Our aim of the study was to detect the IL 8 gene expression in different asthma phenotypes and to determine its relation to asthma severity. This case control study included 320 subjects (160 asthmatic and 160 matched controls) aged from 5 to 16 years old in Beni-Suef governorate. IL-8 gene expression was assessed by a real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and studied regarding its level in cases versus controls and its relations to severity, phenotype and other laboratory parameters. IL-8 gene expression was statistically higher in asthmatic cases (P<0.001) and was significantly correlated to the phenotype (presence of other allergy as urticaria and drug eruption) and degree of asthma symptoms (r=0.869, P<0.001), FEV1(r=0.757, P<0.001) and serum IgE level (r=0.789, P<0.001). IL-8 gene expression level is increased with the degree of severity in asthmatic children and can be looked for in certain asthma phenotypes especially in presence of other atopic manifestation.
POSSIBILITY OF SAP-FEEDING BEETLE, NITIDULIDAE, AS A SPREADING AGENT FOR BLOOD DISEASE BACTERIUM ON THE BANANA PLANT
Authors: ANGGRAENI TJANDRA , MASRIANY  , DWIVANY FENNY M. , ESYANTI RIZKITA R.
Published: March 2022

Banana blood disease (BBD) caused by blood disease bacterium (BDB) is one of the major diseases of Indonesian banana plants. The foraging activity of flower-visiting insects was suspected as the vectors of the disease. This study aims at analyzing the potential of the sap-feeding beetle, Nitidulidae, as a vector of BDB. Beetle collection was done by using purposive sampling method on three cultivars of banana inflorescence: Nangka, Klutuk, and Siem. The bacterium was isolated from the outside and the inside of beetle tissues and was followed with bacterial DNA extraction. Confirmation of bacterial cell culture as BDB was conducted by biochemical assay and PCR using 16S rDNA oligonucleotide. The findings revealed that the beetle population in the three cultivars of banana cultivars was Nangka (66%), Siem (19%) and Klutuk (16%). According to the biochemical assay and PCR result, it has been found that the bacterial cell culture was found positive as BDB, which was putative 79% and homolog with BDB that is in accordance with the data provided by NCBI. Thereby, the discovery of BDB in sap-feeding beetle, Nitidulidae, showed that the foraging activity has the potential as an agent of spreader of BDB in banana plants.
EFFECT OF CALCIUM IONS TO THE ACTIVITY AND STABILITY OF EXTRACELLULAR LIPASE PRODUCED BY MODERATE HALOPHILIC BACTERIA Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4
Authors: NANDA GALO AYU MEGGA , HERTADI RUKMAN
Published: March 2022

This study reported the isolation and biochemical studies of extracellular lipase produced by a moderate halophilic bacterium, Halomonas meridiana BK-AB4. The estimated molecular weight of the lipase BK-AB4 is about 50 kDa. The study of metal ions effect to the enzyme activity revealed the strong dependency towards the presence of Ca2+ ion. Further studies showed that the optimum pH of the enzyme was similar in the presence and the absence of Ca2+ ions. However, the presence of Ca2+ ions could improve the enzyme thermal stability as indicated by the shift of its optimum temperature from 45°C - 50°C. The addition of Ca2+ ions was also enhancing residual activity towards various inhibitors, such as SDS and PMSF up to 55% and 68%, respectively. Another interesting effect of the addition of Ca2+ ions were noted when various organic solvents were added to the enzyme solution in the ratio of 1:1. The activity of the enzyme increased up to 122% and 126% relative to the control when methanol and n-butanol were added, respectively. This study thus showed that the addition of Ca2+ ion not only improved the catalytic activity of lipase BK-AB4 but also made the enzyme more tolerable against various perturbations.
DECOLORISATION OF BATIK WASTE WATER BY Marasmiellus palmivorus USING MODIFIED FIXED BED REACTOR
Authors: KARDENA EDWAN , PRATAMA A. N. K. , SUHARDI S. H. , HASSAN K. , EFFENDI A. J.
Published: March 2022

Batik waste water is dominated by textile dyes that are recalcitrant, hydrophobic, and molecular complexes. Azo, Nitroso, Azine, and Thiazolesare are among synthetic dyes used in batik industry. One of the well known white root fungus species that is able to degrade such dyes is Marasmiellus palmivorus. It has the ability to produce various enzymes such as manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase and laccase. Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) catalyzes wide variety of aromatic hydrogen oxidation by reduction of oxygen and water. This research was conducted using two types of azo dye coloring agents, namely Levafix blue E-RA gran and Telon Red. This study was performed using optimized age of Solid State Fermentation (SSF), which was then inserted into a modified fixed bed reactor for 4 hours. Reduction of the color was observed every 15 minutes and the substrate used for growth of fungus was sawdust. The experiments demonstrated that crude enzyme of Marasmiellus- SSF had activity of 97.8 U/L using ABTS reagent at 22-day of age bag log incubation. The total protein content, which was measured using the Bradford reagent, peaked at 154 mg/L on the 10th day. Such results indicated the great potential of utilizing Marasmiellus-SSF in modified fixed bad reactor to treat batik waste water.
THE ASSESSMENT ON RNA QUALITY AND BANANA RIPENING GENES (MaGAPDH, MaACS1, AND MaACO1) FROM FLESH TISSUES WITH DIFFERENT PRESERVATION METHODS
Authors: AMALIA ANNISA , NUGRAHAPRAJA HUSNA
Published: March 2022

The preservation of banana fruit is vital to ensure ripening quality during the transportation process. The quality of banana can be defined using the gene expression marker, which needs high-quality RNA. However, when access to the laboratory is difficult, during long-distance transportation, lack of liquid nitrogen or refrigerator, we need an alternative for preservation methods, so the sample and the extracted RNA are still in excellent conditions. Aim of our research is to find the best preservation methods and test the genes expression marker of Cavendish banana flesh tissues without using the liquid nitrogen. In this study, we performed preservation methods for RNA extraction by directly storing the flesh tissues at -80°C refrigerator and combined with the use of various flesh cutting time (0, 19, and 30 minutes). We measured the total RNA yield, absorbance ratio of 260/280, and checked the expression of MaGAPDH, MaACS1, and MaACO1 genes using Reverse Transcriptase- PCR (RT-PCR). As a result, we found that the preservation methods did not affect the quality of RNA and the genes expression as well. Although the gene expression analysis need to be confirmed in future using quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis. However, our preservation methods can be used as an alternative preservation method.
EFFECT OF CALCIUM CHLORIDE TREATMENT BY VACUUM INFILTRATION METHOD ON TEXTURE AND SHELF LIFE OF BLACK CHERRY TOMATOES (Solanum lycopersicum cv. OG)
Authors: THI NGAN HA HO , TRAN THANH QUI , NGUYEN TRI TIN , NGUYEN THANH THU , NGUYEN TRONG SON , THI HUYEN TRANG DUONG , NGUYEN MINH THUY
Published: March 2022

The use of vacuum infiltration in the food industry has several advantages, such as improving the quality, eliminating chemical treatment requirements, stabilizing products, and retaining nutrients during storage and processing. This study was performed to optimize the vacuum level (516-684 mmHg), treatment time (10-20 min), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) concentration (0.58- 1.42%) using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The firmness of black cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum cv. OG) reached an optimum value (1477.81 g/cm2) when fruits were treated at a vacuum level of 637 mmHg with a concentration of CaCl2 1.09% for 17 min. Meanwhile, the firmness was 746 g/cm2 for the control sample, which was dipped in 1.42% CaCl2 solution for 20 min at the atmospheric condition. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stomata of two samples with/without vacuum treatment were also significantly different. The sample after vacuum treatment at optimum parameters was put into PE and PP bags for storage at 10-12°C. Vacuum-infiltrated tomatoes contained in PE and PP bags had a corresponding storage time of 30 and 28 days. The control samples were maintained for shorter periods, only 22 and 20 days, respectively.
MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR THE MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF POTENTIALLY COMMERCIAL MANGO (Mangifera indica) PROGENIES
Authors: AB RAZAK SHAHRIL , ARIFFIN MUHAMMAD AFIQ TAJOL , MOHAMAD SHARIFAH MUNIRAH SYD , AZMAN NOR HELWA EZZAH NOR , HASSAN MOHD AZHAR , SARIP JOHARI
Published: March 2022

Mango, or Mangifera indica as it is scientifically known, is a fruit crop that has significant importance to the global economy. This study characterised 10 commercially potential mango progenies using a total of 10 SSR markers. The analysis of the 10 SSR markers revealed the presence of 34 alleles. Each locus had 2–6 alleles equal to an average of 3.40 alleles per locus. The data also showed 0.115 (MiIIHR21) to 0.692 (MiIIHR28) polymorphic information content (PIC), equal to an average of

0.431. Each locus had heterozygosity and gene diversity values ranging from 0.044 (M1) to 0.957 (MiIIHR29) and from

0.122 (MiIIHR21) to 0.730 (MiIIHR29), respectively, averaging 0.480 and 0.476 each. The range of the pairwise genetic distance was 0.000 (ND014«ND019) to 0.611 (ND020«SB003). The dendrogram analysis showed that each mango progeny was successfully differentiated using the 10 SSR markers except for ND014 and ND019. The allele combination using these 10 SSR markers could be used to develop a DNA profile for fingerprinting purposes for each progeny except for ND014 and ND019, which can only be differentiated with the addition of an extra marker. The developed DNA fingerprinting profile could be used for cultivar identification and authentication. Additionally, breeders could also use the developed DNA profiles for plant variety protection (PVP) purposes.
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BIOACTIVE PEPTIDE DERIVED FROM PEKIN DUCK FEET GELATIN HYDROLYSATE
Authors: MOHD ZAIN FATIN ARINA , SHAHIDAN NORSHAZILA , HUDA NURUL , ZAKARIA ZARINAH , SEPTAMA ABDI WIRA
Published: March 2022

Malaysia is one of the main producers of duck meat globally with increasing demands. Increasing in duck production will also increase the number of duck by-products such as skin, feet and bones. Pekin duck (Anas platyrhyncos domestica) is one of the famous duck breeds. Gelatin that was extracted from Pekin duck feet has shown a potential raw material for the production of bioactive peptide that can involve in various functions of the organism physiologically for example antioxidant effects. Pekin Duck feet gelatin was hydrolyzed by using five commercial enzymes (Alcalase, Esperase, Flavourzyme, Neutrase and Protamex) to identify radical scavenging potencies of derived bioactive peptides. All the five enzymes were studied under three different enzyme-substrate ratio (1:10, 1:15, 1:20) with every enzyme optimum pH and temperature. Scavenging activities studied included DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, all the five enzymes showed the highest percentage of radical scavenging activity at (1:20) enzyme-substrate ratio condition. Among the five enzymes studied, gelatin hydrolyzed with Protamex showed the highest activity (54.83%), followed by Alcalase (53.12%), Esperase (49.81%), Flavourzyme (49.32%) and lastly Neutrase (47.49%) at sample concentration 4.5 mg/ml. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of the bioactive peptide for ABTS radical scavenging activity was measured. Alcalase has produced the duck feet gelatin hydrolysate that has the lowest IC50 value against ABTS radical scavenging activity with value (0.45%) followed by Esperase (0.54%), Neutrase (0.57%), Protamex (0.60%) and lastly Flavourzyme (0.74%).
HEMATOLOGY, BLOOD GASES AND BIOCHEMISTRY PROFILES OF WILD-NESTING SEA TURTLES IN TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA
Authors: SAMSOL SYAMSYAHIDAH , ABD WAHID MOHD EFFENDY , LI TSUNG-HSIEN , RUSLI MOHD UZAIR
Published: March 2022

Chelonia mydas is an endangered marine species globally, which its reference blood parameters intervals have been published for some group populations, but baseline health status values are lacking from Malaysia. This study aims to better understand the hematology, biochemical, and blood gas of a wild-nesting green turtle population in the South China Sea. The health status of nesting turtles at the Chagar Hutang Turtle Sanctuary, Pulau Redang, were performed on different individuals, (26 females laid one nest and 2 females laid two nests). A portable handheld blood analyzer (iSTAT) used in the field to obtain immediate results of pH, lactate, pO2, pCO2, HCO3-, Hct, Hb, Na, K, iCa, and glucose levels in blood samples, while standard laboratory hematology techniques were conducted at Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) for red and white blood cell counts. The results for all blood analytes (except Na, iCa, and hematology values) were not within the healthy index range for wild turtles, compared to previous studies from different geographic populations. Therefore, the results of this current study help to develop a baseline profile of healthy wild-nesting turtles as a global reference for detecting abnormalities in blood chemistry and the health status of turtle populations worldwide.
AQUEOUS EXTRACT EMULSIFYING OINTMENT OF Marphysa moribidii (ANNELIDA: POLYCHAETA) INCREASES COLLAGEN DEPOSITION IN WOUND HEALING MODEL AT LOW CONCENTRATION
Authors: PERUMAL LOGEISWARIY , SOH NOR ‘AWATIF CHE , RAPI HANNAH SYAHIRAH , ASSAW SUVIK , OMAR MOHAMMAD AMEERUL AMIN BAKAR @ , IDRIS IZWANDY , ISMAIL WAN IRYANI WAN
Published: March 2022

Acute wound cases are increasing every year. Meanwhile, current treatments have many adverse impacts; thus, alternative treatment is required. Marphysa moribidii; a local polychaete is found to has a promising potential as a wound-healing agent due to its regenerative capability. However, no prior study has been conducted to prove this notion. Hence, this study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of aqueous extract of M. moribidii in wound healing treatment. The polychaete was finely pulverized and lyophilized by freeze-dryer to form a powdery-form extract before preparing in three different concentrations: 0.3% (w/w), 1.0% (w/w), and 2.0% (w/w) in ointment form. The treatments including Gamat oil 0.4% (w/w) as control were applied to the rat model once daily for 14 days. Gamat oil (0.4%) demonstrated the most rapid wound healing, followed by polychaete ointment (0.3%). However, based on Masson’s trichrome staining, the polychaete ointment exhibited the most collagen deposition compared to other treatments. The staining indicates a more effective healing process of the wound after treated with the polychaete ointment. Based on the findings, polychaete extract has great potential in wound healing; more detailed studies are needed to gain more evidences.
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS AGAINST Colletotrichum SPECIES IN HARVESTED CHILI
Authors: IBRAHIM NURUL FAZIHA , YIN WONG KAH , SALEH NUR HADINA , AHMAD FAUZIAH TUFAIL , LOB SUHAIZAN
Published: March 2022

Chili is an important vegetable fruit but is commonly attacked by anthracnose disease during field or storage. A current practical method to control this disease is through synthetic fungicides. Although it shows the effective result, repetitive application of chemical fungicides may build up resistant pathogens, expose the risk to human health, and be regarded as not eco-friendly to the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of several extracts and their potential to control Colletotrichum sp. in harvested chili. For this purpose, several plant extracts namely garlic, ginger, dragon fruit peel (DFP), and milk were used with the concentration ranged from 5 to 20%. All these extracts and milk were tested through in vitro antifungal assay and in vivo antifungal assay directly on the detached chili. The results show that garlic, ginger, and DFP were able to significantly inhibit the fungal pathogen of Colletotrichum sp. through in vitro study with p<0.05. Based on in vivo study, the only chili treated with 20% garlic extract, 20% ginger extract, and fungicide recorded a significantly lower percentage of disease severity (ds) as compared to the other extracts. Both 20% garlic and 20% ginger extracts showed good potential to inhibit the fungal pathogen. Therefore, the application of natural extracts should be focused and practically used as a control strategy in integrated pest management for plant disease, especially in chili production. This control measure is expected to reduce yield losses, operational cost while mitigating the environmental contamination due to overdose chemical residue.
THE VARIATION OF CYSTOLITHS AND ITS TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE IN ACANTHACEAE OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Authors: ZAKARIA SITI MAISARAH , AMRI CHE NURUL AINI CHE , TALIP NORAINI , LATIFF ABDUL , JUHARI AMIRUL AIMAN AHMAD , SHAHARI ROZILAWATI , TAJUDIN NUR SHUHADA , RAHMAN MOHAMAD RUZI ABDUL
Published: March 2022

The foliar anatomical studies of 41 species of Acanthaceae from Peninsular Malaysia had been carried out. This study aims to identify the morphology and distributions of cystoliths in leaf anatomy and their taxonomic values in species studied of Acanthaceae. The foliar anatomical study involved procedures such as cross-section by using sliding microtomes on the petiole, lamina, and midrib, epidermal peel, leaf clearing, and observation under a light microscope. The finding in this study showed four types of cystoliths present in all species studied except in Acanthus, Staurogyne, Thunbergia, and Avicennia. Generally, they are present in lamina, petiole, and midrib but differ in shapes and sizes. Four types of cystolith cells are either solitary with round cystoliths, solitary with elongated cystoliths with blunt extremities, solitary with elongated cystoliths with one end pointed, or solitary with a point at both ends. However, this type of cystoliths is varied even within the same species either in petiole, midrib, or lamina. In conclusion, results showed that the occurrence and variation of cystolith cells have a taxonomic significance which can be used in identification and classification either at genus or species level in Acanthaceae.
HAEMATOLOGY PROFILE OF FRUIT BATS Cynopterus spp. FROM SPECIAL REGION YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: MUBAROK HUSNI , NUR HANDAYANI NIKEN SATUTI , ARISURYANTI TUTY , MARYANTO IBNU
Published: March 2022

Cynopterus spp. is a fruit bats genus that is widely distributed in Asia and plays an important role as pollinator and seed disperser of plants in different habitats. Haematological data is affected by sex, age, and external factors. It is also needed in examination of the health conditions, body defenses, and physiological conditions of bats. Complete haematological data of this genus in Indonesia remain a lack of information. This study aimed to analyze the haematological profile of Cynopterus spp. Bats were captured using mist nets at three different habitat types in the special region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Total 31 individuals from four species Cynopterus spp. were trapped. Blood samples were collected from the intracardiac. 20 parameters including the density of erythrocyte, leukocyte, and platelet profiles were analyzed. The result indicated red cell distribution width standard deviation counts between juvenile and adult, leukocyte number and platelet number between urban and non-urban of C. brachyotis were significantly different. Those results are presumed to be associated with age stage and environmental conditions. A large number of fruit bats individuals from different habitat is necessary for further study.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE DAILY ACTIVITY BUDGET OF SUN BEAR (Helarctus malayanus) IN CAPTIVITY AND SEMI-CAPTIVITY
Authors: ABDUL MAWAH SITI SARAYATI , CHOR-WAI LO , JASNIE FARNIDAH
Published: March 2022

A comparative study on the daily activity budget of the sun bear was conducted in Lok Kawi Wildlife Park and Borneon Sun Bear Conservation Centre (BSBCC) Malaysia. The behaviour of 22 individuals was recorded using the Instantaneous scan sampling method. A total of 330 hr were collected, with 180 hr were collected at Lok Kawi Wildlife Park and 150 hr at BSBCC. Thirteen behavioural activities were recorded using the Ad-libitum sampling method in both captive and semi- captive bears, which were then grouped into three categories; active, passive, and abnormal behaviours classes and tabulated in an ethogram. Captive sun bears are kept permanently under human control, such as in zoos, while semi-captive sun bears are released to the forest during the day but kept in the cage at night. This study shows that semi-captive bears are significantly more active than captive bears. More passive and abnormal behaviours are present in captive bears. Stereotypic pacing scored the highest percentage of observation with 24% for abnormal behaviour in captive bears. Both captive and semi-captive bears showed a similar pattern of active and passive behavioural rhythms. The peak for active behaviours was from 1000 to 1100 hr, and the peak for passive behaviours was from 1300 to 1400 hr. In conclusion, although there was a difference in activities done between captive and semi-captive bears, the pattern of behavioural rhythms between both group of bears was similar. The introduction of enrichment programmes is crucial to captive bears to reduce stereotypic pacing behaviour.
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF ASEPTIC CULTURES AND MULTIPLE SHOOT INDUCTION OF OLIVE (Olea europaea) cv.1
Authors: WONG RU SHEN , CHAI HONG XUAI , SUBRAMANIAM SREERAMANAN , CHEW BEE LYNN
Published: March 2022

Olea europaea or the olive plant is from the family of Oleaceae and has been cultivated for its fruits that are highly nutritious, capable of reducing risks of cardiovascular diseases and to prevent cancer. The current propagation technique of olive plants in Malaysia relies on conventional methods that are less efficient in producing good quality plant stocks. Plant tissue culture offers an alternative to multiply plants from novel mother plants and is commonly applied in the propagation of various crops. This study aims to establish sterile cultures and to induce multiple shoots from Olea europaea cv.1 as a preliminary study to micropropagate olive plants for commercial farms in Malaysia. Nodal explants were surfaced sterilised with ethanol and Clorox© at different durations followed by treatments in MS media supplemented with different concentrations of Zeatin and BAP. Nodal explants surface sterilised with 70% (v/v) ethanol for 2 min and 30% (v/v) Clorox© for 8 min produced sterile explants with the survival rate of 85%. MS media supplemented 5.0 mg/L BAP was optimal for shoot induction (2.10 ± 0.31 shoots per explant) and shoot elongation (6.50 ± 1.17 mm). The current study serves as preliminary assessment for the establishment of local olive cultures.
MICROBIAL-INDUCED CALCITE PRECIPITATION: A MILESTONE TOWARDS SOIL IMPROVEMENT
Authors: DARDAU ABDULAZIZ ALIYU , MUSTAFA MUSKHAZLI , ABD AZIZ NOR AZWADY
Published: March 2022

Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) is a natural process that offered various applications in the engineering field materials and construction industry. It has recently emerged as an innovative, eco-friendly, and economically engineeredprocess. One of the successful MICP methods of improving the engineering properties of soils is ureolysis. The ureolysis drove the process of precipitate calcite which binds soil particles within the soil matrix thus enhance soil characteristicssuch as stiffness, permeability, hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, and compressive strength. This paper aimed at reviewing the concept of utilizing calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation by ureolytic bacteria towards the improvement of soil and sand engineering properties for various geotechnical applications. The potential applications of this technologyin soil erosion, stability, and reinforcement were discussed. Detail overviews of the temperature, pH, bacteria cell concentration, nutrients, types of bacteria, and concentration of reactants that affect the efficiency of the process are also reviewed. This review demonstrated the potential of the MICP technology from the laboratory to a field-scale or commercial applications.
INTERFERENCES OF HbA1c ANALYSIS IN HOSPITAL UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA – 3 YEARS STUDY
Authors: SHAFII NOORAZLIYANA , CHE SOH NOOR AZLIN AZRAINI , TUAN ISMAIL TUAN SALWANI , OMAR JULIA , WAN AZMAN WAN NORLINA , MAT JELANI ANIZA , WAN NIK WAN NOR FAZILA HAFIZAN , ISMAIL IBRAHIM , KASSIM NUR KARYATEE , IBRAHIM HANIM AFZAN , YAACOB NAJIB MAJDI
Published: March 2022

Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is used to monitor glycaemic control and predict diabetic complications. Measurement of HbA1c can be interfered by haemoglobin (Hb) variant and other Hb derivatives include carbamylated Hb and elevated labile A1c. This study is to determine the percentages and type of interferences during HbA1c analysis and the percentages of non- reportable HbA1c results. This is a cross-sectional study using retrospective data of HbA1c. The HbA1c is measured on Biorad D10 using the ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography method. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 26,560 patients were included. The result showed the presence of interferences of 2269 (8.56%). The most common causes of the interferences were the Hb variant (8.48%) followed by carbamylated Hb and labile A1c (0.03% each). The non-reportable HbA1c results were 0.46% with the Hb variant contributed most of the causes. By knowing the presence of interferences particularly the Hb variant, the HbA1c results hopefully are interpreted with caution and correct management can be given to the patients.
ESTABLISHMENT OF HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA CELL-LINE (SK-N-SH) AS AN IN VITRO MODEL OF MORPHINE ADDICTION
Authors: SULIMAN NOOR AZUIN , ABU BAKAR NOOR AZLINA , MOHD MOKLAS MOHAMAD ARIS , MAT TAIB CHE NORMA
Published: March 2022

The usage of morphine for analgesic purposes are widely known, usually for the post-operation procedure and as chronic pain management. However, addiction and overdose liabilities prior to morphine usage are also common. Morphine addiction is observed and studied from various perspectives; tolerance, dependence and withdrawal. With growing and expending research field, researches on addiction were done using in vivo and in vitro model. However, the scientific evidence of morphine addiction using human neuroblastoma cell lines is uncommon. Thus, the present study was designed and conducted to observe the liability of SK-N-SH, as a model for morphine addiction. The cells were administrated with morphine for 24 hours before being treated with methadone. The cytosolic fraction of the cell was collected and used for determining the addiction mechanism. Data showed the involvement of the µ-opioid receptor in expressing the addictive properties of morphine. Exposure to 24-hours morphine had increased the protein level responsible for addiction and reduce the protein levels expressing the endocytic machinery, desensitisation of receptor and cellular adaptation. The altered proteins level was normalised by the treatment of methadone. The study proposed the use of SK-N-SH as an addiction model, as it showed morphine addiction and methadone anti-addiction properties.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PUBERTAL STATUS AND BODY FAT PERCENTAGE AMONG MALAY ADOLESCENTS IN KUALA NERUS, TERENGGANU
Authors: MOHD KHAIR NUR AFIFAH , WEE BEE SUAN
Published: March 2022

Body composition is defined as the proportion of fat (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) in our body. It is an important aspect of both individual’s and populations’ health. The rising prevalence of obesity among adolescents has highlighted the significance of body fat measurement and the factors that influence it. Therefore, this study aims to measure the body fat percentage (BF%) by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and to observe its association with pubertal status among Malay adolescents in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. Adolescents from 10 to 16 years old were the subject of this cross- sectional study. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured anthropometrically, and body composition was determined using Bodystat Quadscan 4000 through BIA procedures. Questionnaires consist of socio-demographic characteristics and Tanner staging for the determination of pubertal status. A total of 310 students participated in this study (female, n=165, male n=145). The percentage of overweight and obese adolescents in Kuala Nerus was 12.9% and 10.6%, respectively. The difference in BF% between genders was significant (p<0.001), with pubertal girls having a greater BF% than boys (28.05±7.31% vs 17.20±8.43%). Between pubertal status and BF%, there was a significant difference (p<0.05). However, there was no significant association between BF% and pubertal status. Gender and pubertal status have an impact on the BF%. Thus, pubertal status should be considered when measuring BF% because it varies by individual and gender.
BONE METABOLISM MARKERS IN RESPONSE TO THREE AND SIX SESSIONS OF LOW ENERGY EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCKWAVE THERAPY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH POST ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: RAHIM MARHASIYAH , OOI FOONG KIEW , TENGKU MOHAMED SHIHABUDIN TENGKU MUZAFFAR , CHEN CHEE KEONG
Published: March 2022

Precise information on the effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on biochemical status in humans is still lacking. Hence, this study investigated the effectiveness of three or six sessions of low energy ESWT on serum bone metabolism markers in individuals who have undergone post anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Participants with ACL injuries were assigned into three groups (n=10 per group), i.e. physiotherapy alone without ESWT (control), three sessions of ESWT combined with physiotherapy (3ESWT), and six sessions of ESWT combined with physiotherapy (6ESWT) groups. Serum bone metabolism markers, i.e. osteocalcin (OCN), human Cross Linked C-telopeptide of Type 1 Collagen (CTX1), calcium, and phosphorus were measured at weeks 0, 2, 9, 12, and 6 months post ACL reconstruction. Serum OCN and CTX1 concentrations within the 3ESWT and 6ESWT groups across the five measurements were not significantly different. However, serum calcium concentrations at weeks 2, 9, and 12 were significantly higher compared to their respective baseline values for all three groups. Shockwave therapy had no significant effect on bone resorption and formation markers postoperatively. Six sessions of shockwave therapy (6ESWT) elicited the highest serum calcium level at week 12 post-operatively among all the groups. More studies are warranted to substantiate these findings.
EXPLORING WESTERN TOURISTS’ PERCEIVED RISK AND IMPACT ON WILLINGNESS-TO-TRY UNFAMILIAR LOCAL FOOD IN REDANG AND PERHENTIAN ISLANDS
Authors: AHMADI NORSYAKIRA , ISMAIL FATHILAH , WAN ZAINAL SHUKRI WAN HAFIZ
Published: March 2022

Post COVID-19 pandemic, tourists remain eager to sample local food when visiting new destinations. However, being in a strange island environment and eating unfamiliar food, may enhance the feeling of uncertainty, thus increase Western tourists’ perceived risk particularly with unfamiliar food and culture. International tourists may perceive unfamiliar foods as strange or even dangerous, which could affect the overall tourism experience. Western tourists’ risk perception towards local island food in Malaysia remains unexplored despite the popularity of island destinations. The present study aims to explore Western tourists’ perceived risk factors regarding local island food and their impact on willingness-to-try. Adopting a qualitative stance, semi-structured interviews were conducted between July and August 2020 involving nine Western tourists (two male, seven female) at various food outlets in Perhentian and Redang Island. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and aided with Atlas.ti software. Results indicated the presence of perceived health risk, environmental and safety risk. Hedonism and the emotional connection remain a key attraction to the island-style dining experience.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN WEIGHT STATUS AND BODY IMAGE PERCEPTION AMONG FEMALE ADOLESCENTS IN TERENGGANU
Authors: MOHD AYOB RHEHANA , WEE BEE SUAN
Published: March 2022

Body image is the picture of how our body is perceived and stored in our mind. During puberty, many changes occur in the body of an adolescents. Often, a change in physical appearance has an impact on the levels of body’s satisfaction. Thus, it is crucial to assess the body image among adolescents to ensure the wellbeing of both physical and mental health is at optimal stage. Therefore, the aims of the present study is to determine the body fat percentage of female adolescents. Then, to evaluate the association between weight status and body image perception. Lastly, to assess whether the attitudes towards body image are predictive of female adolescents weight status. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 198 female adolescents in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. Anthropometric measurements included weight and height, and BMI was determined. Body composition was assessed by using Bio-electrical Impedance Analysis through Bodystat Quadscan 4000 instrument. Body image perception was measured using the Stunkard’s Figure Rating Scale and Attitudes towards Body Image that was adapted from the Multidimensional Body Self Relation Questionnaire (MBSRQ). A total of 27.8% of female adolescents were overweight and 1.0 % were obese by body fat. Among the female adolescents, 62.5% of them were dissatisfied with their body image, although 57.5% of them were in the normal weight category. Pearson’s Chi Square test revealed there is an association between weight status and body image perception among the female adolescents (p<0.045). Based on the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, there is a significant linear relationship between attitudes towards body image, domain of comparison of body shape and BMI (p<0.005). Thus, for every 1 unit increase in the domain of comparison of body shape there will be 0.570 decreased in BMI. Comparison of body shape is a significant predicting factor for BMI. In conclusion, further study should be carried out to investigate the factors that can possibly lead to the development of dissatisfaction with body image and the effects of getting negative body image in life of the adolescents during their adolescent’s phase.
ASSESS THE DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF BC15 RICE VARIETIES USING INVITRO CULTURE METHOD
Authors: Cuc Bui Thi , Gioi Dong Huy , Huong Bui Thi Thu
Published: March 2022

BC15 rice is a pure quality rice variety, capable of adapting to large ecological ranges, therefore chosen by farmers to cultivate on large areas. Because global warming and climate change have greatly affected the water source for irrigation, so the rice yield is significantly reduced. This study was conducted to evaluate the drought tolerance of the BC15 variety in vitro culture system to get more information about the characteristics of the BC15 variety when selecting production areas. The object of the study was to determine the most suitable artificial drought conditions for BC15 rice seedlings in vitro. The result shows that in the MS1/2 medium supplemented with PEG with osmotic potential -4 bar; or the MS1/2 supplemented with 7% Saccharose; or the MS1/2 added 3% Mannitol or MS1/2 added 4% Sorbitol, shoots of the rice can be survival. Under these artificial drought conditions caused by Saccharose, Mannitol, Sorbitol, Mannitol expressed the strongest effect on rice sprouts in vitro. Just adding 3% Mannitol to the medium, the root length and shoot height were significantly reduced compared with the control, followed by Sorbitol and finally Saccharose, significantly on the roots and shoots of the seedlings. The results of this study will support necessary information about the suitable environment to evaluate the drought tolerance of rice in vitro and the basic source for in vivo assessment.