bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Closed Pleural Biopsy is Still Useful in the Evaluation of Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Bhattacharya Somnath , Bairagya Tapan D , Das Anirban , Mandal Abhijit , Das Sibes K
Published: July 2012

Background: Pleural fluid cytology for malignant cells is the easiest way to diagnose malignant pleural effusion with good sensitivity and specificity. With the introduction of medical thoracoscopy, the use of closed pleural biopsy for the diagnosis of cytology negative malignant pleural effusion is gradually decreasing. However use of thoracoscopy is limited due to its high cost and procedure related complications.

Aims: The aim was to assess the usefulness of closed pleural biopsy in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion.

Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients of pleural effusion associated with malignancy were selected from the patients admitted in the chest ward of a tertiary care hospital over a period of 1 year. Pleural fluid aspiration for cytology and closed pleural biopsy were done in all the patients.

Results: Out of 66 patients, 46 (69%) patients showed malignant cells in pleural fluid cytology examination. Cytology was positive in 35 (52%), 10 (15%), and 1 (1.5%) patients in the first, second, and third samples respectively. Closed pleural biopsy was positive in 32 (48%) patients. Among them, 22 also had positive cytology. Additional 10 cytology negative patients were diagnosed by pleural biopsy. Cytology–histology concordance was seen in 12 patients. Definite histological diagnosis could be achieved in five patients with indeterminate cytology. Pleural biopsy was not associated with any major postoperative complication.

Conclusion: Closed pleural biopsy can improve the diagnostic ability in cytology negative malignant pleural effusion. Closed pleural biopsy has still a place in evaluation of malignant pleural effusion especially in a resource-limited country like India.
Squamous Predominant Teratoid Wilms’ Tumor
Authors: Yadav Yogesh Kumar , Sharma Uma , Gupta Kusum , Arora Rashmi
Published: July 2012

Teratoid Wilms tumor is an unusual histological variant of nephroblastoma with predominant heterologous component. Frequently present components include adipose tissue, glial tissue, muscle, cartilage or bone. The presence of squamous epithelial component on the other hand is rarely reported. We describe a case of unilateral teratoid Wilms’ tumor in a 2-year-old boy with lung metastasis. In this case, tumor showed the familiar triphasic histologic pattern of nephroblastoma along with extensive squamous epithelial component.
Cutaneous Clear Cell Sarcoma: A Rare Aggressive Tumor with Potential Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Bali Akshay , Roy Maitrayee , Chikkannaiah Panduranga , Dhorigol Vijayalaxmi
Published: July 2012

Clear cell sarcoma is a deep-seated, exceedingly rare aggressive tumor, typically involving the tendons and aponeuroses with melanocytic differentiation and a distinct genetic background. A primary dermal location is rarer. It exhibits histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural similarities with the more common primary (or metastatic) malignant melanoma causing major diagnostic confusion. We describe a case of primary cutaneous clear cell sarcoma arising in the right lower extremity of a 40-year-old male patient.
Case of Lingual Cysticercosis and Review of Literature
Authors: Kinger Arvind , Kawatra Mallika , Chaudhary Tej Singh
Published: July 2012

A 30-year-old female presented with a painless solitary swelling at right lateral border of tongue of 2-month duration. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was nonconclusive. Excision biopsy was done. Histopathology revealed cysticercosis cellulosae and parasite visualized in the slide with tongue muscles. Lingual cysticercosis is rare and therefore its literature is reviewed and discussed.
Pituitary Incidentalomas Detected with Technetium-99m MIBI in Patients with Suspected Parathyroid Adenoma: Preliminary Results
Authors: Tiktinsky Ekaterina , Horne Tifha , Friger Michael , Agranovich Svetlana , Lantsberg Sophie
Published: July 2012

Tc-99m MIBI (MIBI) is a cationic lipophilic agent, which has traditionally been used for myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, detection and monitoring of different benign and malignant tumors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of pituitary incidentalomas detected on MIBI scans performed on patients with suspected parathyroid adenomas and to provide semiquantitative analysis of tracer uptake in the pituitary region. Tomographic images of MIBI scans on 56 patients with suspected parathyroid adenomas (2006-2007) were analyzed retrospectively. Semiquantitative analysis of abnormal uptake was performed by drawing identical regions of interest (ROI) over the pituitary area and the normal brain on one transverse section that demonstrates the lesion most clearly. Pituitary uptake to normal brain uptake ratio was calculated in all cases. We found statistically significant differences of MIBI uptake in patients with pituitary adenomas, mean ratio: 29.78±12.17 (median 29.77, and range 19-41), compared with patients with no pathologic changes in this region, mean ratio was 5.88±1.82 (median was 5.95 and range 2.0- 9.2). As the groups are too small for statistical analysis, these results need to be confirmed in a larger cohort and should include more detailed biochemical correlation. MIBI parathyroid scintigraphy should be taken into account as a potential source of identifying pituitary incidentalomas. Clinical significance of these findings needs further evaluation.
Late Recurrences of Thyroid Carcinoma 24 Years after a Complete Remission: When Monitoring Should be Stopped?
Authors: Nwatsock Joseph , Taïeb David , Dong à Zok Faustin , Mundler Olivier
Published: July 2012

Renal metastases from thyroid carcinoma are very rare, late recurrences of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) are not reported in literature and there is no universal recommendation for optimum duration of follow-up of thyroid carcinoma. We present herein a case of late renal recurrence of follicular variant PTC (FV-PTC). This study is a case report of renal metastasis revealing a late recurrence of FV-PTC. An 81-year-old woman with previously treated FV-PTC 24 years ago by total thyroidectomy, lymph nodes dissection and radioiodine therapy presented with sudden gross-hematuria. Computerized tomography scan (CT-scan) revealed a 70-mm right renal mass and histological diagnosis after nephrectomy demonstrated recurrence of FV-PTC with a positive thyroglobulin immunostaining. Despite of 131 I-radioiodine therapy postoperatively, the serum thyroglobulin (Tg) increased and positron emission tomography combined to CT-scan showed 4 years later, an abdominal lymph node and distant metastases. Now the patient is alive but her general condition is too poor for systemic adjuvant therapy. This case illustrates the need of prolonged follow-up after surgery of high-risk FV-PTC.
A torcular encephalocele with proAtlas defect and os-terminale
Authors: Nath Haradhan , Mahapatra Ashok , Gunawat Prashant
Published: July 2012

Encephalocele means if meninges and brain tissue protrude out of the cranium. There are different types of encephalocele. The occipital encephaloceles are the most common type. Craniocervical junction and upper cervical spine abnormalities can rarely be associated with occipital encephalocele. We discuss this case because there is rare association between torcular encephalocele and proatlas anomalies.
Cervical osteochondroma presenting with acute quadriplegia
Authors: Mudumba Vijayasaradhi , Mamindla Ravi
Published: July 2012

Osteochondromas of the vertebral column are rare tumors and constitute about 3-4% of all primary vertebral column tumors. We report a case of osteochondroma arising from C3 lamina presenting with acute quadriplegia following a trivial fall. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) showed bony lesion arising from C3 laminar arch compressing the cord with underlying spinal cord contusion. Emergency C3 laminectomy and complete enbloc excision of the lesion was performed, following which patient showed gradual recovery in neurological status. This acute presentation in this rare, slow growing, tumor has never been reported in literature till date.
The complementarities and contextualities of corporate R&D strategies: An empirical analysis of Korean manufacturing industry
Authors: Choi Donghyuk , Lee Sungki , Kim Yeonbae
Published: July 2012

By reflecting upon recent theoretical developments in open innovation studies, we shed new light on diverse potential sources of complementarities between corporate R&D activities as well as on contextual factors that could affect the complementarities. In particular, to break from the previous discussions confined to absorptive capacity, we considered the diverse knowledge management processes of knowledge exploration, retention, and exploitation. Then we empirically examined the existence of complementarities between corporate R&D strategies and uncovered the contextual factors. Our empirical results suggest the possible existence of a complementary relationship between in-house and joint R&D. We also discovered the firm-specific contextual variables, such as a firm's cumulative patent stocks and scientific information inflows from public research institutes and universities, that drive the decision to combine in-house and joint R&D. Our theoretical discussions on firms' diverse knowledge management processes allow more enriched understanding on these empirical findings.
Regularities of diversity discourse: Address, categorization, and invitation
Authors: Christiansen Tanja Juul , Just Sine Nørholm
Published: July 2012

Managerial discourses on diversity invoke goals of inclusion and emancipation of suppressed individuals and groups as well as objectives of creating benefits for organizations and society. Partially due to this two-fold emphasis, diversity discourses may, however, be as restricting as they are liberating to the subjects of which they speak. In this article we suggest that utterances pertaining to diversity discourse should be understood as constitutive rhetoric marked by three discursive regularities: address, categorization, and invitation. These regularities underlie and restrain the multiple discursive practices of the developing field of diversity management, and as researchers and practitioners alike continue to explore and enhance this field it is important to understand – and seek to broaden – its conditions of possibility. Emphasizing the theoretical argument about discursive regularities and their articulation, we provide an illustrative example of the how different discursive practices may reproduce common limitations by exploring contributions to Danish diversity discourse.
The carbon emissions of Chinese cities
Authors: Wang H. , Zhang R. , Liu M. , Bi J.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. As increasing urbanization has become a national policy priority for economic growth in China, cities have become important players in efforts to reduce carbon emissions. However, their efforts have been hampered by the lack of specific and comparable carbon emission inventories. Comprehensive carbon emission inventories for twelve Chinese cities, which present both a relatively current snapshot and also show how emissions have changed over the past several years, were developed using a bottom-up approach. Carbon emissions in most Chinese cities rose along with economic growth from 2004 to 2008. Yet per capita carbon emissions varied between the highest and lowest emitting cities by a factor of nearly 7. Average contributions of sectors to per capita emissions for all Chinese cities were 65.1% for industrial energy consumption, 10.1% for industrial processes, 10.4% for transportation, 7.7% for household energy consumption, 4.2% for commercial energy consumption and 2.5% for waste processing. However, these shares are characterized by considerable variability due to city-specific factors. The levels of per capita carbon emissions in China's cities were higher than we anticipated before comparing them with the average of ten cities in other parts of the world. This is mainly due to the major contribution of the industry sector in Chinese cities.
Characterization of atmospheric aerosol in the US Southeast from ground- and space-based measurements over the past decade
Authors: Alston E. J. , Sokolik I. N. , Kalashnikova O. V.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. This study examines how aerosols measured from the ground and space over the US Southeast change temporally over a regional scale during the past decade. PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter >2.5 micrometers) data consist of two datasets that represent the measurements that are used for regulatory purposes by the US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and continuous measurements used for quickly disseminating air quality information. AOD (aerosol optical depth) data come from three NASA sensors: the MODIS sensors onboard Terra and Aqua satellites and the MISR sensor onboard the Terra satellite. We analyze all available data over the state of Georgia from 2000–2009 of both types of aerosol data. The analysis reveals that during the summer the large metropolitan area of Atlanta has average PM2.5 concentrations that are 50% more than the remainder of the state. Strong seasonality is detected in both the AOD and PM2.5 datasets, as evidenced by a threefold increase of AOD from mean winter values to mean summer values, and the increase in PM2.5 concentrations is almost twofold over the same period. Additionally, there is agreement between MODIS and MISR onboard the Terra satellite during the spring and summer, having correlation coefficients of 0.64 and 0.71, respectively. Monthly anomalies were used to determine the presence of a trend in all considered aerosol datasets. We found negative linear trends for both the monthly AOD anomalies from MODIS onboard Terra and the PM2.5 datasets, which are statistically significant. Decreasing trends were also found for MISR onboard Terra and MODIS onboard Aqua, but those trends were not statistically significant. The observed decrease in AOD and PM2.5 concentrations may be indicative of the brightening over the study region during the past decade.
Multi-decadal uptake of carbon dioxide into subtropical mode water of the North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Bates N. R.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. Natural climate variability impacts the multi-decadal uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (Cant) into the North Atlantic Ocean subpolar and subtropical gyres. Previous studies have shown that there is significant uptake of CO2 into subtropical mode water (STMW) of the North Atlantic. STMW forms south of the Gulf Stream in winter and constitutes the dominant upper-ocean water mass in the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean. Observations at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site near Bermuda show an increase in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of +1.51 ± 0.08 μmol kg−1 yr−1 between 1988 and 2011, but also an increase in ocean acidification indicators such as pH at rates (−0.0022 ± 0.0002 yr−1) higher than the surface ocean (Bates et al., 2012). It is estimated that the sink of CO2 into STMW was 0.985 ± 0.018 Pg C (Pg = 1015 g C) between 1988 and 2011 (70 ± 1.8% of which is due to uptake of Cant). The sink of CO2 into the STMW is 20% of the CO2 uptake in the North Atlantic Ocean between 14°–50° N (Takahashi et al., 2009). However, the STMW sink of CO2 was strongly coupled to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with large uptake of CO2 into STMW during the 1990s during a predominantly NAO positive phase. In contrast, uptake of CO2 into STMW was much reduced in the 2000s during the NAO neutral/negative phase. Thus, NAO induced variability of the STMW CO2 sink is important when evaluating multi-decadal changes in North Atlantic Ocean CO2 sinks.
An unknown respiration pathway substantially contributes to soil CO2 emissions
Authors: Maire V. , Alvarez G. , Colombet J. , Comby A. , Despinasse R. , Dubreucq E. , Joly M. , Lehours A.-C. , Perrier V. , Shahzad T. , Fontaine S.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. The respiratory release of CO2 from soils is a major determinant of the global carbon cycle. It is traditionally considered that this respiration is an intracellular metabolism consisting of complex biochemical reactions carried out by numerous enzymes and co-factors. Here we show that the intracellular enzymes released from dead organisms are stabilized in soils and have access to suitable substrates and co-factors to permit function. These enzymes reconstitute an extracellular oxidative metabolism (Exomet) that may substantially contribute to soil respiration (16 to 48% of CO2 released from soils in the present study). Exomet and respiration from living organisms should be considered separately when studying effects of environmental factors on the C cycle because Exomet shows specific properties such as resistance to high temperature and toxics.
Parameterizing sub-surface drainage with geology to improve modeling streamflow responses to climate in data limited environments
Authors: Tague C. L. , Choate J. S. , Grant G.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. Hydrologic models are one of the core tools used to project how water resources may change under a warming climate. These models are typically applied over a range of scales, from headwater streams to higher order rivers, and for a variety of purposes, such as evaluating changes to aquatic habitat or reservoir operation. Most hydrologic models require streamflow data to calibrate subsurface drainage parameters. In many cases, long-term gage records may not be available for calibration, particularly when assessments are focused on low order stream reaches. Consequently, hydrologic modeling of climate change impacts is often performed in the absence of sufficient data to fully parameterize these hydrologic models. In this paper, we assess a geologic-based strategy for assigning drainage parameters. We examine the performance of this modeling strategy for the McKenzie River watershed in the US Oregon Cascades, a region where previous work has demonstrated sharp contrasts in hydrology based primarily on geological differences between the High and Western Cascades. Based on calibration and verification using existing streamflow data, we demonstrate that: (1) a set of streams ranging from 1st to 3rd order within the Western Cascade geologic region can share the same drainage parameter set, and (2) streams from the High Cascade geologic region, however, require a distinctive parameter set. Further, we show that a watershed comprised of a mixture of High and Western Cascade geology can be modeled without additional calibration by transferring parameters from these distinctive High and Western Cascade end-member parameter sets. Using this geologically-based parameter transfer scheme, our model predictions for all watersheds capture dominant historic streamflow patterns, and are sufficiently accurate to resolve geo-climatic differences in how these different watersheds are likely to respond to simple warming scenarios.
Characteristics of damage to buildings by debris flows on 7 August 2010 in Zhouqu, Western China
Authors: Hu K. H. , Cui P. , Zhang J. Q.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. A debris-flow catastrophe hit the city of Zhouqu, Gansu Province, western China, at midnight on 7 August 2010 following a local extreme rainfall of 77.3 mm h−1 in the Sanyanyu and Luojiayu ravines, which are located to the north of the urban area. Eight buildings damaged in the event were investigated in detail to study the characteristics and patterns of damage to buildings by debris flows. It was found that major structural damage was caused by the frontal impact of proximal debris flows, while non-structural damage was caused by lateral accumulation and abrasion of sediment. The impact had a boundary decreasing effect when debris flows encountered a series of obstacles, and the inter-positioning of buildings produced so-called back shielding effects on the damage. Impact, accumulation, and abrasion were the three main patterns of damage to buildings in this event. The damage scale depended not only on the flow properties, such as density, velocity, and depth, but also on the structural strength of buildings, material, orientation, and geometry. Reinforced concrete-framed structures can effectively resist a much higher debris-flow impact than brick-concrete structures. With respect to the two typical types of structure, a classification scheme to assess building damage is proposed by referring to the Chinese Classification System of Earthquake Damage to Buildings. Furthermore, three damage scales (major structural, minor structural, and non-structural damage) are defined by critical values of impact pressure. Finally, five countermeasures for effectively mitigating the damage are proposed according to the on-site investigation.
The stability of grounding lines on retrograde slopes
Authors: Gudmundsson G. H. , Krug J. , Durand G. , Favier L. , Gagliardini O.
Published: July 2012

Abstract. The stability of marine ice sheets grounded on beds that slope upwards in the overall direction of flow is investigated numerically in two horizontal dimensions. We give examples of stable grounding lines on such retrograde slopes illustrating that marine ice sheets are not unconditionally unstable in two-horizontal dimensions. Retrograde bed slopes at the grounding lines of maritime ice sheets, such as the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS), do not per se imply an instability, nor do they imply that these regions are close to a threshold of instability. We therefore question those estimates of the potential near-future contribution of WAIS to global sea level change based solely on the notion that WAIS, resting on retrograde slope, must be inherently unstable.
Perfil del vegano/a activista de liberación animal en España
Authors: Díaz Carmona Estela
Published: July 2012

El objetivo de este estudio exploratorio y preliminar es identifi car elperfi l del vegano activista en España por ser, dentro del movimiento deliberación animal, el grupo más comprometido. A través de encuestasonline se han analizado variables socioeconómicas, aspectos ideológicosy emocionales, el proceso de conversión y sus estrategias deactivismo. Los resultados son muy similares a los estudios conducidoscon anterioridad, principalmente en Estados Unidos de América, sobrelos activistas de protección animal. El trabajo concluye con la exposiciónde recomendaciones dirigidas a las organizaciones animalistas,empresas y poderes públicos.
Representaciones de la ciudadanía en los servicios públicos reconocimiento, mérito y autonomía
Authors: Martín Pérez Alberto , Martín Coppola Eva , Gentile Alessandro , Gutiérrez Sastre Marta
Published: July 2012

Atendiendo a las variables de nacionalidad, generación y clase social, elartículo analiza las representaciones de la condición de ciudadano en elámbito de los servicios públicos. Mediante la combinación de tres lógicas, ladel reconocimiento, la de la autonomía y la del mérito, los discursos rompenla esencia de la noción clásica de ciudadanía, modulando relatos diversosde prácticas y experiencias sobre lo que implica ser ciudadano. Mediante elanálisis del discurso producido desde distintas condiciones sociales, a travésde grupos de discusión, es posible comprender los principales elementos devalor asociados al concepto de ciudadanía. El avance de las estrategias quepremian el mérito individual deja en un segundo plano la lógica del reconocimientouniversal, con importantes efectos en los grupos más vulnerables.
Tendencias en la homogeneización del gasto alimentario en España y Reino Unido
Authors: Díaz-Méndez Cecilia , García Espejo Isabel
Published: July 2012

La alimentación ha mostrado rasgos de convergencia en las etapas dedesarrollo post-industrial en las sociedades modernas. En este trabajo nospreguntamos por la situación actual en relación a dos aspectos fundamentalesdel cambio alimentario: si la evolución del gasto alimentario tiende haciala homogeneización y si los factores asociados a la alimentación son ono son los mismos en entornos diferentes. Por este motivo hemos elegidodos países que pueden dar cuenta de la diversidad de factores explicativosdel cambio alimentario: Reino Unido y España. El análisis comparado delgasto alimentario de Reino Unido y España se ha realizado a partir de lasencuestas de presupuestos familiares y aplicando técnicas de análisis multivariantes.Los resultados apuntan hacia un avance homogeneizador delgasto, si bien también persiste una importante heterogeneidad o desigualdadinterna entre la población en el consumo alimentario debida a factoreseconómicos, sociales y culturales, con diferencias entre países.
Los determinantes de la satisfacción con las políticas de bienestar del Estado autonómico
Authors: Díaz Pulido José Manuel , Del Pino Matute Eloisa , Palau Pau
Published: July 2012

Los indicadores basados en la satisfacción ciudadana que permitan lacomparación territorial del rendimiento de las políticas podrían útilesen Estados descentralizados. Pero ¿qué hay detrás de la (in)satisfaccióncon las políticas? En el artículo se examina la satisfacción de losespañoles con tres políticas: educación, sanidad (cuyas competenciasrecaen en las Comunidades Autónomas) y pensiones (Gobierno central),mediante una encuesta representativa a nivel autonómico. Se concluyeque existen diferencias en el grado de satisfacción entre las distintasComunidades, especialmente cuando la competencia recae en losgobiernos autonómicos. Aunque se reducen, estas diferencias persistenincluso cuando se controlan los efectos de las variables individuales yregionales socioeconómicas. Partiendo de esta base, puede ser prometedorestudiar en qué medida distintos grados de satisfacción se debena diferentes modelos de gestión en educación y sanidad.
Proximate and Mineral Composition of Nigerian Leafy Vegetables
Authors: Asaolu S. S. , Adefemi O. S. , Oyakilome I. G. , Ajibulu K. E. , Asaolu M. F.
Published: July 2012

Proximate analysis and mineral composition of some Nigerian leafy vegetables: bitter leaf (Veronia amygdalina L), India spinach (Basella alba L), bush buck (Gongronema latifolium), scent leaf (Ocimium grastissimum), Smooth amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus), Roselle plant (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and fluted pumpkin (Telfaria occidentali) were carried out using standard analytical procedures. The moisture content of the samples ranged between 10.0-12.08 %, crude protein, crude fibre, crude fat, ash contents and carbohydrate ranged between: 46.56 and 66.60, 4.02 and 12.08, 3.51 and 14.02, 5.02 and 15.55, 1.16 and 15.79 % dry matter (DM). Mineral element analysis showed that the leafy vegetables contained high levels of calcium (63.36-110.16), magnesium (27.51-288.65), sodium (15.01-88.00) and potassium (16.85-168.96) and low levels of copper (nd-3.14), nickel (2.32-18.16) and manganese (2.54-10.06) mg/100g respectively. The study showed that the leafy vegetables examined contained high levels of crude protein with low fat content and crude fibres.
Twin-screw Extrusion Processing of Vegetable-based Protein Feeds for Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) Containing Distillers Dried Grains, Soy Protein Concentrate, and Fermented High Protein Soybean Meal
Authors: Fallahi Parisa , Muthukumarappan Kasiviswanathan , Rosentrater Kurt A. , Brown Michael L.
Published: July 2012

Changing to alternative protein sources supports production of more economic aquafeeds. Two isocaloric (3.06 kcal/g) and isonitrogenous (40% db) experimental feeds for juvenile yellow perch were formulated with incorporation of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) and soy protein concentrate (SPC), each of which were at two levels (0 and 20% db), along with constant amounts of high protein distillers dried grains (DDG) (~30% db), and appropriate amounts of other ingredients. Using a pilot scale twin-screw extruder, feed production was performed in two replications for each diet at conditioner steam levels of 0.11 to 0.16 kg/min, extruder water of 0.11 to 0.19 kg/min, and screw speeds of 230 to 300 rpm. The effects of SPC and FSBM inclusion on extrudate physical properties were compared with those of a control diet (which contained 20% fishmeal and ~30% DDG). Inclusion of 20% FSBM and 20%SPC resulted in a substantial decrease in unit density by 9.2 and 24%, but an increase in lightness, greenness, yellowness, and expansion ratio of the extrudates by 7, 27, 14, 7, 17, 34, 15, and 16.5%, respectively. SPC inclusion led to a considerable increase in water absorption, thermal resistivity, and thermal diffusivity by 17.5, 6.3, and 17.6%, respectively, whereas no significant change was observed for these properties with incorporation of 20% FSBM. Additionally, all extruded products had high durability. Taken together, using ~30% DDG with20% FSBM or20% SPC as alternative protein sources resulted in viable extrudates with properties appropriate for yellow perch production. A future study investigating the effect of extrusion processing conditions on the production of complete vegetable-based protein feeds for yellow perch species would be appropriate.
 
Evolution of the Merchantability and the Level of Ochratoxin A of Ivorian Cocoa Beans from Production Areas during the Harvest Season
Authors: Coulibaly Adama , Dembele Ardjouma , Godi Biego Henri Marius , Silue Nahoule , Toure A. Abba
Published: July 2012

This study aims to investigate the evolution, throughout the harvest season, of merchantability criteria and Ochratoxin A (OTA) levels in cocoa beans produced in Cote d'Ivoire. To this end, 567 samples of cocoa beans, collected in 6 production areas during the 2007-2008 season, were analyzed. Merchantability and OTA levels were determined respectively according to the Ivorian Coffee and Cocoa stock exchange standards and the European Community regulation related to the analytical methods for the control of mycotoxins levels in foodstuffs (EC 401/2006). Concerning merchantability, a significant difference at 5% risk was revealed between the values of moisture, graining and grades. As regards OTA levels, the concentrations obtained ranged from 0.41 µg/kg to 1.36 µg/kg of cocoa beans with an average concentration of 0.69 µg/kg. These concentrations are all below the maximum value set at 2 µg/kg by the European Commission. Moldy and/or slaty beans are chiefly answerable for the depreciation of cocoa beans marketability. These results served to devise a map summarizing the quality of Ivorian cocoa beans. Needless to say, this map is just a representation of a situation at a given time, and should therefore contribute to take up decisions relevant to the application of good production and postharvest processing practices in the country’s quest for cocoa beans of prime quality.
A dimensionless procedure for the design of infiltration trenches
Authors: Creaco Enrico , Franchini Marco
Published: July 2012

This article presents a procedure for the design of infiltration trenches—devices used to attenuate surface runoff in areas featuring soils with medium or high infiltration capacity. In this procedure, the upstream catchment area is represented through the kinematic model, and the balance of incoming and outgoing flow rates and stored water volumes is used to represent the trench. The outgoing flow rates infiltrating the surrounding soil during the rain event are calculated by means of a constant infiltration capacity equal to the saturation hydraulic conductivity of the soil. The procedure exploits a dimensionless approach and the dimensionless graphs obtained can be easily used. Comparison of the design configuration derived according to the proposed procedure with the results of a more complex model based on time‐varying infiltration capacity and area attests to the reliability of the simpler procedure.
Comparison of the Wound Healing Effect of Cellulose and Gelatin: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Kang Bum Sik , Na Young Cheon , Jin Young Wan
Published: July 2012

Background Many topical hemostatics are widely applied for bleeding control. They can be classified into two categories according to their mechanism of action on the clotting cascade in a biologically active or passive manner. Passive hemostatics include cellulose and gelatin. We performed an experimental study to compare the effect of passive hemostatics in wound healing by applying them to a rectus abdominis muscle defect of white mice.

Methods Surgicel is a sterile absorbable knitted fabric prepared by the controlled oxidation of regenerated cellulose. Spongostan is an absorbable hemostatic gelatin sponge. In 30 mice, a 1×1 cm defect was created on the rectus abdominis muscle and the materials were applied in three ways: control group, cellulose (Surgicel) group, gelatin (Spongostan) group. For the histologic analysis, biopsies were performed at 3 and 28 days.

Results After 3 days, the cellulose group showed limited granulation formation with acute inflammatory reactions similar to the control group. At the 28th day, moderate amounts of granulation tissue formation was observed with milder inflammatory reactions than the control group. In the gelatin group, after 3 days, gelatin remnants were observed surrounded by severe inflammatory changes. After 28 days, the same quantity of gelatin remnants could be still observed.

Conclusions This study suggests that cellulose is associated with minimal morbidity in wound healing, while the use of gelatin shows severe adverse tissue reactions with delayed wound healing. Consequently, cellulose is better than gelatin when considering wound healing.
A Study on the Genetic Inheritance of Ankyloglossia Based on Pedigree Analysis
Authors: Han Soo-Hyung , Kim Min-Cheol , Choi Yun-Seok , Lim Jin-Soo , Han Ki-Taik
Published: July 2012

Background Ankyloglossia or tongue-tie is a congenital anomaly characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenum. Its prevalence in the newborn population is approximately 4%. Its mode of inheritance has been studied in some articles, but no conclusion has been established. Also, no relevant report has been published in Korea. This study was conducted to elucidate the genetic inheritance of ankyloglossia via pedigree analysis.

Methods In this study, 149 patients with no other congenital anomaly who underwent frenuloplasty between March 2001 and March 2010 were studied. Pedigrees were made via pre- or post-operative history taking, and patients with uncertain histories were excluded. In the patient group that showed a hereditary nature, the male-to-female ratio, inheritance rate, and pattern of inheritance were investigated.

Results One hundred (67.11%) of the patients were male and 49 (32.89%) were female (male-female ratio=2.04:1). Ninety-one (61.07%) patients reported no other relative with ankyloglossia, and 58 (38.93%) patients had a relative with this disease. The inheritance rate was 20.69% in the 58 cases with a hereditary nature. In the group with no family history of ankyloglossia, the male-female ratio was 3.79:1, which significantly differed from that of the group with a family history of ankyloglossia. X-chromosome mediated inheritance and variation in the gene expression was revealed in the pedigree drawn for the groups with hereditary ankyloglossia.

Conclusions Ankyloglossia has a significant hereditary nature. Our data suggest X-linked inheritance. This study with 149 patients, the first in Korea, showed X-linked inheritance in patients with a sole anomaly.
Je crois en Dieue... La théologie féministe et la question du pouvoir
Authors: Melançon Louise
Published: July 2012

En « féminisant » Dieu, la théologie féministe se trouve à confronter lepouvoir masculin et patriarcal comme pouvoir de domination. Dans cetarticle, nous donnons un aperçu d’études sur le patriarcat, particulièrementdans les religions, afin de cerner l’origine et donc les conditions danslesquelles le pouvoir patriarcal s’est développé. Puis dans la présentation desdiscours féministes sur Dieu, dans une perspective critique d’abord, et dansun effort de reconstruction au féminin ensuite, apparaissent des modèles derapports de pouvoir, tout autant qu’une conception du pouvoir. Unquestionnement de fond suit qui engage la poursuite d’une réflexionarticulée sur des pratiques de dire Dieue.
Retrouver la dimension cosmologique de la théologie chrétienne
Authors: Proulx Jean
Published: July 2012

Cet article montre qu'un aspect essentiel du combat spirituel de la théologie chrétienne, aujourd'hui, est de retrouver sa dimension cosmologique. Puisant à ses propres sources, la théologie peut accueillir de façon critique la cosmologie scientifique contemporaine (la " nouvelle physique ") et ses prolongements et enracinements ontologiques." Récapitulant " ainsi science et philosophie, la théologie les conduit vers leur propre dépassement ; et, grâce à elles, elle chemine elle-même vers sa vérité la plus riche, puisqu'elle est amenée à relire les représentations et les contenus essentiels de la foi : Dieu, la création, le Christ, l'Église, la liturgie et l'espérance.
La réception de la littérature québécoise au Canada anglais 1900-1940 : le rôle de la traduction
Authors: Hayward Annette
Published: July 2012

La nécessité de fixer des paramètres objectifs pour le projet de recherche CALQ sur la réception de la littérature québécoise au Canada anglais a entraîné entre autres une prise de conscience de la complexité des concepts de « réception », « littérature québécoise » et « Canada anglais ». Cet article, qui s’interroge sur le rôle de la traduction dans cette réception entre 1900 et 1940 – époque importante où la littérature canadienne décide de s’inventer en tant que polysystème conscient – arrive à la conclusion que, pour bien répondre à cette question, il faut problématiser également le sens du mot « traduction ». Il est évident que le rôle de la traduction a été primordial en suscitant de l’intérêt pour la littérature du Québec pendant cette période, comme l’illustrent éloquemment le « phénomèneMaria Chapdelaine » et les statistiques de publication. Mais la quantité d’oeuvres non traduites dont il est question dans les périodiques et les manuels littéraires du Canada anglais oblige aussi à reconnaître l’importance d’autres facteurs tels que les « tandems littéraires » biculturels comme Lorne Pierce/Mgr Camille Roy, ainsi que la capacité de l’élite canadienne-anglaise de l’époque de lire des textes littéraires français fort complexes même si elle était souvent incapable de parler la langue. Tout ceci ne minimise en rien, cependant, l’impact idéologique au Canada anglais de la « traduction » : celle deJean Rivardet deMaria Chapdelaine, bien entendu, mais aussi celle représentée par la poésie de l’habitant de William Henry Drummond ou les manuels d’histoire littéraire de Lorne Pierce, de Vernon Blair Rhodenizer et de Archibald MacMechan.
Deuil et individuation
Authors: Farmer Pierre , Farmer Yanick
Published: July 2012

Cet article entend aborder le thème du deuil et de la mort à travers l’approche du psychanalyste suisse Carl Gustav Jung. Ainsi, les deux premières parties du travail sont consacrées à la description et à la compréhension du processus de deuil, de même qu’aux étapes de la guérison psychologique nommée par Jung individuation. Par ce biais, nous cherchons à faire valoir la pertinence de la psychanalyse dans le champ philosophique, théologique et moral, tout en mesurant, dans la conclusion, les périls que font subir à la vie spirituelle de l’homme certains aspects de l’évolution culturelle de nos sociétés.
She Loves You
Authors: Chassay Jean-François
Published: July 2012

Si les références culturelles sont nombreuses dans l’oeuvre de Réjean Ducharme, elles ne reposent sur aucune hiérarchie qui permettrait de séparer les oeuvres canoniques et les productions populaires. Le roman L’hiver de force est sans doute le livre de l’écrivain où ce télescopage est le plus marqué. Dans cette perspective, l’auteur de cet article examine la place de la musique et de la chanson dans le récit, en portant son attention sur le rôle qu’y jouent en particulier les chansons des Beatles.
Écrire pour un lecteur d’ici
Authors: Biron Michel
Published: July 2012

Dans cet article, l’auteur examine la manière dont se définit la valeur littéraire au dix-neuvième siècle canadien-français. Dans un premier temps, l’auteur analyse les propos de Philippe Aubert de Gaspé père et d’Octave Crémazie, qui préconisent tous deux le mélange des formes. Dans un deuxième temps, il s’attarde sur l’Histoire du Canada (1845) de François-Xavier Garneau qui s’adresse non pas à une élite lettrée (qui a les yeux tournés vers les capitales européennes), mais à la « généralité des lecteurs » du Canada français. Plus que les « règles prescrites », c’est le désir de s’adapter à un lecteur d’ici qui paraît déterminer la valeur de l’ouvrage, au-delà des prétentions strictement littéraires. En cela, les questions soulevées par les écrivains canadiens-français de cette période demeurent à bien des égards celles que l’on se posera au siècle suivant.
Au-delà des figures, les êtres : Shakespeare et Yeats traduits par Yves Bonnefoy
Authors: Roesler Stéphanie
Published: July 2012

Cet article célèbre la conception de la traduction d’Yves Bonnefoy comme expérience humaine et dialogue empathique du traducteur avec l’auteur de l’original; il en dégage les enjeux à travers l’analyse des traductions de Shakespeare et de Yeats réalisées par Bonnefoy. Un parallèle est dressé avec les idées de Meschonnic, qui met en avant la subjectivité de l’oeuvre littéraire et le continu entre le sujet et son discours, continu qu’il s’agira pour le traducteur de préserver. Ainsi la poésie articule-t-elle pour Bonnefoy une existence et une parole, et le traducteur ne peut recréer cette articulation qu’en se faisant lui-même présent dans sa traduction, dans son rythme, dans ses mots. La forme fait sens dans la traduction comme dans le poème original : elle vient rendre sensible une expérience en poésie. Acte éthique autant que poétique, la traduction telle que la pratique Bonnefoy redonne sa place à la figure du traducteur qui, selon le souhait de Berman, fait oeuvre nouvelle. Tout en cherchant à rendre audible la voix de Shakespeare ou de Yeats, Bonnefoy est à la recherche de sa propre voix. Création continuée, la traduction est ce qui permet à la figure de notre traducteur-poète de se révéler.
Pierre Nepveu, poète pluraliste
Authors: Dumont François
Published: July 2012

Cet article tente de montrer que le pluralisme fonde l’ensemble de l’oeuvre poétique de Pierre Nepveu telle qu’elle s’est développée jusqu’à maintenant. Trois étapes sont dégagées : la combinaison de poétiques que font voir les trois premiers recueils ; l’avènement d’une voix intimiste qui émerge de la fiction dans le quatrième ; l’intégration à la poésie de plusieurs voix dans les deux derniers. Ce mouvement, indissociable de la pratique de l’essai et de l’expérience de l’écriture romanesque, structure la rétrospective Le sens du soleil, aboutissement provisoire de l’oeuvre d’où ressort la dimension proprement poétique du pluralisme.
Le démonique comme perversion du divin d’après Paul Tillich
Authors: Richard Jean
Published: July 2012

Cette étude présente la conception du démonique chez Paul Tillich, plus spécialement à partir de sa monographie de 1926 sur «  Le démonique ». Le parcours s'accomplit alors selon trois niveaux d'analyse : (1) une théorie du démonique, conçu comme une perversion du sacré, comme un surgissement inordonné des forces vives constituant le fondement de tout être; (2) une histoire des religions, conçues elles-mêmes comme des institutions antidémoniques; (3) une investigation des forces démoniques dominantes à l'époque présente.
Qu’appelle-t-on promettre?
Authors: Nault François
Published: July 2012

L'événement institué par la promesse n'est pas étranger à ce que Derrida identifie à « la religion ». Il faut être attentif aux modalités de cette identification afin de discerner les configurations particulières suivant lesquelles la déconstruction se trouve liée à la religion. Il s'agit, en définitive, d'éviter tout rapprochement indu ou non critique entre le geste derridien et le geste religieux. Il y a là un champ problématique à circonscrire; nous nous proposons de l'investir en suivant le fil de la promesse.
Émile Zola devant la censure victorienne
Authors: Merkle Denise
Published: July 2012

Emile Zola devant la censure victorienne — Cette étude donne un aperçu sommaire de quatre formes prises par la censure victorienne — la ligue de moralité (« National Vigilance Association »), les bibliothèques de prêt (« circulating libraries »), la justice et l'autocensure (« bowdlerism ») — et leurs effets sur la traduction des romans de Zola. Les oeuvres de ce dernier ont connu un succès de scandale et ont provoqué un débat journalistique en France, mais Zola n'a jamais été traîné en justice à cause de ses écrits. Par contre, en Angleterre, les cercles littéraires établis honnissent les traductions victoriennes de ses oeuvres et la ligne de moralité appuyée par le moraliste Stead lance une campagne de censure des traductions de Zola. L'éditeur de ces traductions, Henry Vizetelly, a dû comparaître deux fois devant les tribunaux et les deux fois il a été condamné. Non seulement il dut payer une amende et passer trois mois en prison, mais encore Nana, Piping Hot! (Pot-Bouille) et The Soil (la Terre) ont été interdits, même si ces trois traductions avaient — comme les autres — été « autocensurées » par les traducteurs et l'éditeur avant la parution. Il est dès lors évident que ce sont les idées réformatrices de Zola et le lectorat visé (petite bourgeoisie et classes populaires) qui ont motivé l'opposition des pouvoirs constitués de l'Angleterre de l'époque aux romans de Zola.
Fidelity and The Gendered Translation
Authors: Arrojo Rosemary
Published: July 2012

Fidelity and The Gendered Translation — Postmodern theories of language have drastically changed the ways we view the translator's task and the relationships that can be established between the so-called original and its foreign versions. One of the most important insights brought about by such textual theories is the recognition of the translator's inescapable authorial role in the translated text. At the same time, an increasing awareness of the impact of gender-related issues to the production of meaning is beginning to encourage a promising union between feminism, contemporary textual theories, and the emerging discipline of translation studies. Such a union has begun to produce a new brand of politically motivated translations as well as an enlightening reflection on the issues of both translation and gender and to prompt some female translators to write about their feminist practice and strategies that explicitly subvert the original they disagree with. However, as I intend to argue, even though their work and theoretical comments do reveal that their voices have already conquered a much deserved space within the (still) predominantly essentialist scenario of patriarchal culture, they seem to be repeating some version of the same scenario which treats original and translations differently and which they rightly condemn in traditional theories of translation and gender. As they disguise their conscious intervention in the text they translate under the mask of some form of or to the same original they explicitly deconstruct, such translators fail to take their own sound insights seriously and run the unnecessary risk of jeopardizing their work.