bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Remdesivir use for COVID-19 patients: Rates of serum creatinine levels to baseline or to upper limits to monitor postadministration renal function
Authors: Yoshida Junichi , Shiraishi Kenichiro , Kikuchi Tetsuya , Tanaka Masao
Published: May 2023

Objectives: The incidence of remdesivir-induced renal dysfunction has not been investigated until now. The present study explored the clinical factors and laboratory data that predict remdesivir-induced renal dysfunction.
The subjects were COVID-19 patients and we determined the endpoint as dialysis or death within 29 days. Background status parameters included (1) estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2, (2) serum creatinine (SCr) ratios to baseline > 1.5, (3) SCr ratios to upper limits > 1.5, (4) alanine aminotransferase ratios to upper limits > 5, (5) administration days, (6) sex, (7) age, (8) height, (9) weight, (10) dexamethasone use, and (11) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Results: In a total of 490 patients, a multivariate analysis showed that status (2) (odds ratio [OR] 8.342, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.589-43.788, P=0.012) and status (7) (OR 7.620, CI 1.181-49.169, P=0.033) at 72 years or more were significant factors for remdesivir-induced renal dysfunction. To monitor renal function after remdesivir administration in COVID-19 patients, SCr ratios to baseline may work better than those to the upper limits.
Psychometric properties and latent classes of the Attachment Style Questionnaire in mothers and their offspring
Authors: Blake Julie , Thomas Hannah , Hurst Cameron , Pelecanos Anita , McGee Tara , Najman Jake , Scott James
Published: May 2023

Background The Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) is used to assess an individual’s inner working model of interpersonal relationships and attachment style. The study evaluated the factor structure, sex invariance, and convergent validity of the ASQ among middle-aged women and their young adult offspring.Methods Middle aged mothers (n = 3,605, Mage=46.5 years) and their 3,712 offspring were administered the ASQ when their offspring were young adults (Mage=21.6-years). Symptom measures of anxiety and depression were concurrently administered to mothers (Delusions Symptoms States Inventory) and offspring (Young Adult Self-Report). Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the structural validity in both groups as well as sex invariance in the offspring cohort. Convergent and divergent validity were assessed using depression/anxiety subscales. Latent class analyses (LCA) were performed to examine patterns of responses across ASQ items.Results Confirmatory analyses supported the utility of a shortened 33-item ASQ for both cohorts, and the structure was invariant between male and female offspring. Strong convergence was found between anxious subscales on the ASQ and depression/anxiety symptoms in both cohorts. Measures of anxiety and depression correlated positively with ASQ anxiety and avoidance subscales. LCA identified four latent classes across a continuum of secure and insecure attachment rather than four distinct attachment styles (i.e., Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991).Conclusions The ASQ-33 is a reliable and valid instrument that measures internal working models of relationships in both male and female young adults, and women in middle-age. Findings support a dimensional view of attachment security/insecurity over the four-part categorisation of attachment styles.
Clinical and pathological factors affecting the accuracy of liquid-based oral cytology for oral potentially malignant disorders
Authors: Miyazaki Ryo , Ishikawa Ryou , Sukegawa Shintaro , Goda Mamoru , Haba Reiji , Nakai Fumi , Nakai Yasuhiro , Ishihama Takanori , Miyake Minoru
Published: May 2023

Background
Early detection and early treatment are important for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a convenient and easy method for detecting malignancies. However, achieving an accurate diagnosis of potential malignancies of the oral cavity remains challenging. We investigated clinical factors that are important for oral cytology diagnoses.
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the pathological diagnoses of 133 LBC samples obtained at Kagawa University Hospital. The samples' cytological diagnoses were based on Papanicolaou staging. We investigated samples of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED)(n = 35), carcinoma in situ (CIS) (n = 13), and SCC (n = 85) to determine the associations between the clinicopathological features and the false negative rate (FNR) by the χ2-test.
Results
Our analyses demonstrated that OED (n = 14), CIS (n = 6), and SCC (n = 5) had been misdiagnosed as negative (class 2). Age (≤ 64 or > 65 years; p = 0.0391), whitening of the lesion (p = 0.0054), and the ulcer of the lesion (p = 0.0034) were significantly associated with the FNR. No significance was observed for sex, smoking, or alcohol consumption.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that despite the limitations of LBC and regardless of clinical features, LBC is a simple and useful supplementary method to detect oral cancers.
A Proposed Cognitive Framework Model for a Student Support Voice based Chatbot using XAI
Authors: Ghosh Debmitra , Ghatak Sayani , Paul Hrithik
Published: May 2023

As the calling agent directly calls and makes interaction (checking for valid phone numbers before calling) with the user such as using a pie event, even the agent can also record the conversation and transcribe information. The other voice chat agent is capable of taking voice input as well as text input. The user's information can be interpreted by it. And lastly, make a CSV or xlsx file of the user's input. The model has been designed in such a way that it can convert the voice provided as input by the user and analyze the sentiments contained in it by converting it into text using the speech-to-text module of the pyaudio package in Python. In the case of data cleaning, special characters have been removed from the .JSON file and provided to the NLTK tokenizer. When the model has been successfully built, users can enter their queries through voice and text, and the model will predict based on the text entered. The model first deciphers the voice entered quantitatively and ascertains the pitch, decibel, and amplitude, and enumerates a categorical cross-validation of the voice with the parameters that are set. It undergoes polarity checking under the positive and negative polarity counter and then the values of the positive and negative polarities of the text are stored in the program. When the agent finally works, it takes into account all the aspects with which it is trained, and provides the perfect outcome. If the user also enters the incorrect dialogue on their phone, the call will instantly cease. After that, we'll use an api post request to create and establish a connection. When it comes to encouraging different individuals to call for admission-related or medical-related reasons, the calling agent has a huge effect on that issue. In some cases, the user's number has been used. In this paper we have designed and implemented automation testing framework for testing web applications. This new automation testing framework has been implemented using selenium WebDriver tool. Using this framework tester can easily write their test cases efficiently and in less time. Tester need not to study the selenium web driver tool in detail. This framework is helpful to developer to analyze their code due to screen shot property of framework. This framework produces the customized test report to tester. It is very easy to maintain and repair the test suite for new release of the application using this framework. Software organizations are more committed to creating high-quality software solutions at lower costs. Previously, manual testing was used, but due to the increased complexity of the program, testing automation is now required. Selenium, GUI testing, Cross Browser testing, and Web automation are used more effectively. we used Selenium web driver Python to accomplish Web Automation testing.
RETRACTED: Computer-Guided Customized Treatment of Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia by Proportional Condylectomy and Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Wang Darren , Smit Ryan , Harrison John , Sealey Christopher
Published: May 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Continuum of Maternal Health Care Services and its impact on Adverse Birth Outcomes in North Shoa Zone: An Application of the Propensity Score Matching Approach
Authors: Moges Wudneh , Seyoum Awoke , Mitiku Aweke A , Zewotir Temesgen , Hailemeskel Solomon , Tesfahun Esubalew
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) defined: - low birth weight as a weight at birth less than 2500g. Adverse birth outcomes, low birth weight, and preterm birth, constitute an important danger to public health since they raise the likelihood of future diseases and developmental problems for children as well as fetal health status at birth. The study aimed to investigate propensity score methods for causal inference by removing selection bias from observational studies for adverse birth outcomes.MethodsWe analyzed quasi-experimental studies for the maternal and neonatal health outcome datasets, including adverse birth outcomes for allocated groups of mothers within the period of time from August 2019 to September 2020. We applied different propensity score algorithms, matching, inverse probability weighting, stratification and overlap weighting for covariate balance between midwives-led continuity care and shared model care for adverse birth outcomes.ResultsThe result of the current investigation indicates that mothers who were provided midwife-led continuity (OR=0.48, 95% CI∶( 0.35, 0.894)) with inverse probability treatment weighting (OR=0.36, 95% CI: (0.19, 0.69)) had significant contribution for the improvement of advance birth outcomes.ConclusionMidwife-led continuity care of mothers had a significant enrollment for improving adverse birth outcomes of newborn babies and the propensity score has only controls for measured covariates, propensity score methods are the most recommended approach to adjust confounding and recover treatment effects.
Biochar-ZnO /Polyaniline Composite in Energy Storage Application: Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemical Analysis
Authors: Thomas Diana , Fernandez Noeline , Mullassery Manohar , R Surya
Published: May 2023

Carbon materials displaying electrical double capacitance are widely used in the electrochemical energy storage devices. To enhance the electrochemical performance, compositing carbon with transition metal oxides and conducting polymers have been very much appreciated. A novel and effective approach to prepare a high energy density and high specific capacitance composite electrode material from a biomass is presented in the work. Pyrolysis of biomass at 500 oC in the nitrogen atmosphere yielded a biochar (BC) with well-developed porosity, surface functionality and suitable morphological characteristics. Anchoring ZnO nanoparticles on BC and subsequently coating it with a conducting polymeric material, polyaniline (PANI) obtained the hierarchical BC-ZnO/PANI composite. Both BC-ZnO and BC-ZnO/PANI composites have been characterized by FTIR, UV-Visible, XRD, SEM and TEM studies. The characteristic signals at 2θ values 18.5ᵒ, 28.4ᵒ,24.0ᵒ and 31.4ᵒ in XRD correspond to wurtzite structure of ZnO nanoparticles. ZnO rod like structural morphology was confirmed by SEM analysis. The maximum specific capacitance was found to be 110.0 F/g for BC-ZnO and 198.0 F/g for BC-ZnO/PANI. Furthermore, the ternary composite displayed low solution resistance and charge transfer resistance as evident from the Nyquist plots proved that PANI coating is a promising methodology in the fabrication of electrode materials for energy storage applications.
A robust hydroponic-based system for screening red clover (Trifoliorum pratense) for Fusarium avenaceum
Authors: Jambagi Shridhar , Dixelius Christina
Published: May 2023

Background Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is an important forage legume crop that suffers like most perennial crops from attacks by soilborne pathogens. Fusarium root rot is one of the most serious diseases and at the same time problematic to identify resistance to due to its hidden life in the soil. Current screening methods are laborious and hampered by limited reproducibility. To remedy this situation, we aimed to establish a more undemanding and reliable system to facilitate studies of red clover-Fusarium avenaceum interactions.Results First, the fungal spore concentrations were balanced toward the development of red clover plants grown hydroponically. We found that the optimum concentration was 30,000 spores in 2 L of hydroponic medium to ensure infection during the plant growth period in this system. The procedure was scaled-up to screen twenty-five populations to identify red clover genotypes with the most contrasting responses to F. avenaceum. Susceptible plants had approximately 2-fold higher amounts of fungal DNA than resistant plants, demonstrating a correlation between the disease readings of the plants and pathogen DNA.Conclusions A hydroponics-based screening system was established to facilitate reproducible and rapid screening of Fusarium root rot disease in red clover. We foresee this screening procedure meeting the needs of both applied breeding work and in-depth molecular studies of responses between this pathogen and its host plant. This method could be applied for the screening of other plant species for resistance to Fusarium spp. or to other root microbes.
A Novel Spatiotemporal Chaotic Model with Provable Security
Authors: Dong Youheng , Zhao Geng , Tse Chi K. , Ma Yingjie , Ning Hao
Published: May 2023

In the application of chaos in cryptography, two questions remain unanswered: Does the chaos-based cipher possess provable security? Can the reproduction of a chaotic model or chaotic sequence be specified as a non-deterministic polynomial complete(NPC) problem or non-deterministic polynomial hard(NPH) problem for cryptanalysts? This paper proposes a spatiotemporal chaotic model called pseudo-random scrambling coupled map lattice (PRSCML) based on the coupled map lattice (CML) and the hybrid elementary cellular automata with a mask (HECA-M). This model can answer the above two questions affirmatively. The experiments reveal the strong chaotic properties of the PRSCML model, including the high Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, randomness, and ergodicity. Furthermore, the sequences generated by PRSCML are backward and forward secure as the reproduction of a PRSCML model and its sequence are equivalent to the traveling salesman problem (TSP), which is an NPH problem. Meanwhile, the recurrence of a HECA-M belongs to the regular 3-SAT problem, which is an NPC problem. Therefore, the PRSCML model possesses provable security, and its superior performance demonstrates that it has great potential for cryptography. Moreover, this paper can reassure researchers that the security of some chaos-based ciphers can be confirmed for cryptography.
Evaluating the accuracy of ChatGPT in scientific writing
Authors: FERROUHI El Mehdi
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to assess the quality of ChatGPT’s answers when used to write a research paper and to explore its potential in assisting researchers in scientific writing. We made several requests to two versions of ChatGPT (3.5 and 4), with each one addressing a specific part of the research paper (Introduction, Literature Review, Data, and Code Implementation). The results indicate that ChatGPT could provide incorrect or even non-existent information for literature review, bibliographic references and data sources. Additionally, the results show that ChatGPT (3.5 and 4) require human assistance and verification of the accuracy of provided information after the fact. Also, this study confirms that ChatGPT-4 is more accurate than ChatGPT-3.5.
Therapeutic Challenges in Persistent Perceptual Postural Dizziness: Elections and Facts
Authors: Madrigal Jorge , Aguilar Catalina , Arbelaez-Lelion Daniela , Vanegas-Munera Johanna , Castillo-Bustamante Melissa
Published: May 2023

Postural perceptual persistent dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic vestibular disorder usually triggered by upright posture, active and passive movement, and exposition to visual or complex stimuli. Several strategies such as medications, vestibular rehabilitation and cognitive behavioral therapy have shown to be useful for symptoms relief, gaze stabilization and to diminish anxiety and depression. Herein, we performed a survey for healthcare providers to describe their therapy-based elections for PPPD,
Estabilidade das Fraturas do Estiloide do Rádio Distal utilizando Fios De Kirschner versus Parafuso Cortical com Arruela – Estudo Biomecânico
Authors: Cardoso Filipe Borges Teixeira , Rezende Luis Guilherme Rosifini Alves , Shimaoka Filipe Jun , Shimano Antonio Carlos , Neder Filho Antônio Tufi
Published: May 2023

Introdução: as fraturas do estiloide radial desviadas podem ser manejadas cirurgicamente por diversas técnicas de osteossíntese já descritas. O objetivo deste estudo biomecânico foi comparar duas técnicas de fixação utilizadas no tratamento das fraturas do estiloide radial, uma delas com dois fios de Kirschner convergentes, a outra com parafuso cortical e arruela. Métodos: foram criados 10 modelos de extremidade distal do rádio reproduzindo a fratura do estiloide radial, tipo AO/OTA 2R3 B1.1, por meio de impressora 3D e dimensões idênticas às do modelo Sawbones® 3047 utilizado em ensaios biomecânicos prévios. Os modelos foram divididos em 2 grupos contendo de 5 unidades cada. Um dos grupos foi fixado com 2 fios de Kirschner 1,5 mm convergentes, o outro grupo com um parafuso cortical 3,5 mm e arruela. As variáveis comparadas foram força máxima, deflexão e rigidez durante os ensaios mecânicos de compressão axial. Resultados: observou-se que força máxima, deflexão e energia são, em média, maiores nos corpos de prova fixados com fio de Kirschner do que nos corpos de prova com um parafuso e arruela (Teste t de Student, p<0,05). Por sua vez, a rigidez foi maior na avaliação dos corpos de prova fixados com um parafuso e arruela do que com fio de Kirschner (Teste t de Student, p<0,05). Conclusão: ambas as técnicas permitem a mobilização precoce, com rigidez adicional com o uso de parafuso compressivo.
PRIMARY VAGINAL MELANOMA: ABOUT TWO CASES TREATED BY RADIOTHERAPY
Authors:   Radiotherapy Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco., Zahra Farhane Fatima ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben-Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Alami Zenab ,   Radiotherapy Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben-Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Benamar Assia ,   Radiotherapy Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben-Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Hassani Wissal ,   Radiotherapy Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben-Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco., Bouhafa Touria ,   Radiotherapy Department, Oncology Hospital, Hassan II University Hospital, Fez, Morocco.,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohammed Ben-Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Published: May 2023

Vaginal melanomas are extremely rare gynaecological malignancy and very aggressive tumor. There is no standardized treatment owing to the extreme rarity of the disease. The prognosis of vaginal primary melanoma is very poor despite treatment modality, because most of the cases are diagnosed at advanced stage. This paper details the clinical course of 2 patients with primary vaginal melanoma treated by definitive radiation therapy, this report includes also a summary of available treatments of this uncommon disease, with focus on the role of radiotherapy.
THE ROLE OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT TO MEDIATE THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND WORKLOAD ONEMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE PT. ALEXIS CITRA FURNITAMA
Authors:   Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business., Sitorus Guston , Siregar Edi ,   Universitas Satya Negar Indonesia Jakarta., Hery Prasetya GL. ,   Universitas Satya Negar Indonesia Jakarta., Nancy Lucy ,   Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business.
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the direct and indirect effect of organizational culture and workload on the performance of employees of PT. Alexis Citra Furnitama mediated by employee engagement. The research design uses quantitative causation. The population and sample in this study were 50 employee, the data analysis method used path analysis with SPSS software. The results of the study show that there is an influence of organizational culture, workload, and employee engagement on employee performance both simultaneously and partially, and there is an indirect effect of organizational culture and workload on employee performance as measured by employee engagement at PT. Alexis Citra Furnitama.
STUDY OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION, IMAGING, PATHOLOGICAL PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OF BENIGN BREAST CONDITION IN TERTIARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE
Authors:   Junior Resident Department of General Surgery, Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical College Latur., Arun Naik Mugdha , Nisale Shobha ,   Associate Proffesor Department of General Surgery Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical College Latur., Bajaj Rakesh ,   Junior Resident Department of General Surgery Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical College Latur.
Published: May 2023

Background: Benign breast diseases (BBDs) are not life threatening clinicians require a thorough knowledge so that clear explanations can be given to patients and appropriate treatment can be instituted, and unnecessary long term follow up can be avoided. Present study was aimed to study clinical presentation, imaging, pathological profile and management of benign breast condition in a tertiary health care center. Material and Methods: Present study was descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted in females, age >10 years with benign breast diseases. Results: Among 215 cases, majority were from the age group of 21-30 years (52.56%), followed by in 31-40 years (21.39%). The mean age among the distribution of cases was 28.16 Ã‚Â±10.12 years. 173 (80.47%) were in premenopausal status, followed by 42 (19.53%) of postmenopausal status. All cases were presented with breast lump (100%), along with lump pain was seen in 45 (20.93%) cases and nipple discharge in 37(17.21%) cases. Majority had unilateral lump (84.1%) ,in right upper outer quadrant (23.08%), followed by left upper outer quadrant (21.53%). The maximum number of cases had size of 2-5 cm (53.02%), followed by <2 cm (32.09%) and only 14.89% cases had size >5 cm. Out of 215 cases of benign breast diseases, benign neoplasms (Fibroadenoma, Benign phylloides, Intraductal Papilloma)comprising of 68% of cases and benign lesions (Inflammatory, Fibroadenosis, Fibrocystic diseases, Galactocele) were 32% of cases. Fibroadenoma was the commonest of all benign neoplasms (63.26%) followed by benign phylloides (3.26%).179 (83.26%) were lumpectomies, 21 (9.77%) was Incisional biopsies and 11 (5.58%) were simple mastectomies. Conclusion: Fibroadenoma is the most common benign breast disease affecting women in their reproductive age group. Triple assessment provided quick diagnosis and it alleviated unnecessary anxiety from patients about breast cancer.
Examining factors influencing investment in Digital Gold and Gold ETF using the PCA technique
Authors: Gurbaxani Arpita , Thakkar Jalpa , Pathak Smriti , Mathur Ashutosh , Raees Sameera
Published: May 2023

Digital Gold and Gold Exchange Traded Fund have emerged as an electronic option for investment in gold in India. The purpose of this study is to determine influential factors forming the perception and level of awareness of individuals toward investing in Digital Gold and Gold Exchange Traded Fund, and also analyze the relationship among these influential factors. Data for this quantitative analysis were obtained from a self-administered 5-point Likert questionnaire of 158 respondents who are individual investors investing in either Digital Gold or Gold Exchange Traded Fund to achieve the objectives of the study. Principal Component Analysis has been adapted as a dimension reduction technique to identify the factors impacting the decision of investing in Gold Exchange Traded Fund and Digital Gold. The factors that induce investors to invest in Digital Gold and Gold Exchange Traded Fund as identified in this study are conduciveness, security, and ease of accessibility. The factors that compel investors not to invest in Digital Gold and Gold ETFs are lack of contentment, operational challenges, lack of awareness, brokerage expenses, and infeasibility. The results disclosed that variables such as lack of satisfaction and lack of knowledge have higher factor loadings of 0.997, which indicates that investors are required to be more educated about the Digital Gold and Gold Exchange Traded Fund. Securities and Exchange Board of India, Reserve Bank of India and other regulatory authorities in India may consider regulation of Digital Gold so that it can be accepted as a trustworthy source of investment.
Milk and cheese as a source of human infection
Authors: KRUKOWSKI HENRYK , BIS-WENCEL HANNA , PRYSTUPA ANDRZEJ
Published: May 2023

Contaminated food, including milk and dairy products, is the cause of health problems, important both from the point of view of an individual and families, populations or countries. Raw milk that has not been thermally treated and the cheeses made from it can be transmitters of many microorganisms that are dangerous to humans and can be found in the body of an infected animal. Food borne pathogens such as Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and toxic (STEC) strains of E. coli can come from the cow itself or from its environment. These microorganisms can enter the milk indirectly from the environment (insufficient hygiene) and directly as a result of excretion into the milk by an infected animal. The paper describes the most important food pathogens causing food poisoning after consumption of milk (including pasteurized milk) and cheese.
Effect of water supplemented with a herbal based product on the internal organs of broiler chickens
Authors: WOJTACKA JOANNA , WYSOK BEATA , WISZNIEWSKA-ŁASZCZYCH AGNIESZKA , GOMÓŁKA-PAWLICKA MAŁGORZATA , GESEK MICHAŁ , CHŁODOWSKA AGNIESZKA , TYKAŁOWSKI BARTŁOMIEJ , RÓŻAŃSKI HENRYK , IWIŃSKI HUBERT , KONCICKI ANDRZEJ
Published: May 2023

We analyzed the effect of a herbal (phytoncides) supplement on the morphology of internal organs and intestinal morphometry of broiler chickens. The study was conducted on 60 birds divided into 3 groups (n = 20): one control and two experimental. Starting at 3 weeks of age, chickens from the experimental groups were given water with the addition of a preparation based on concentrated natural components in two doses: 1 and 2 ml/l. Group 1 was given the supplement twice for 3 and 5 days, and group 2 once for 3 days. After slaughter at the age of 40 days, the proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, liver, spleen, kidneys, bursa of Fabricius (BF), lungs, and pectoral muscles were sampled for histological analyses. Additionally, villi height (VH) and crypt depth (CD) in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were measured. The results did not show statistically significant differences between the groups in the number of histological lesions in the organs and tissues sampled. Morphometric evaluation showed statistically significant differences between the groups (p < 0.05) for VH and CD in the duodenum and ileum.
AVALIAÇÃO DE MÉTODOS DIRETOS E INDIRETOS DE MEDIÇÃO DA pCO2 EM AMBIENTES ESTUARINOS
Authors: Marins Rozane , Carvalho Andréa , da Silva Agda , Cavalcante Mariany
Published: May 2023

EVALUATING DIRECT AND INDIRECT pCO2 MEASUREMENTS IN ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENTS. Estuaries are dynamic systems globally characterized as sources of CO2 to the atmosphere. However, they present large spatial-temporal variability in both pCO2 and FCO2. Increased CO2 emissions turns imperative to obtain continuous and accurate measurements of pCO2 in air and water to monitor FCO2 in these sensitive and complex environments. Currently, direct measurements of pCO2 and estimates of FCO2 in estuarine regions are still scarce and frequently the indirect pCO2 estimates are used that consists of measurements from at least two other parameters of the carbonate system: total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon or pH. In this work, we evaluated recent direct and indirect measurements of pCO2 in the Jaguaribe River estuary-CE. This study provides a critical analysis of the data obtained through the two main methods mostly used to estimate pCO2, presenting the challenges towards greater consistency in obtaining data for a better understanding of the carbonate system in estuarine waters. We highlight the potential for continuous pCO2 measurements and long-term monitoring in coastal environments, contributing to improve knowledge of regional CO2 exchanges and to elucidate the role of estuaries in the global carbon cycle.
ALT EKSTREMİTE KAS KUVVETİ, KALÇA EKLEM HAREKET AÇIKLIĞI VE SUBTALAR AÇININ DİNAMİK DENGE İLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: TOPAL Yusuf , KINIKLI Gizem İrem , BOZGEYİK Sibel , GUNEY DENİZ Hande
Published: May 2023

Amaç: Sağlıklı bireylerde alt ekstremite kas kuvveti, kalça eklemi hareket açıklığı ve subtalar açının dinamik denge ile olan ilişkisini belirlemekti.

Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 69 sağlıklı ve gönüllü birey (yaş=22,17±1,25 yıl; 47 kadın, 22 erkek) dahil edildi. Bireylerin dinamik dengeleri Y denge testi (YDT), alt ekstremite kas kuvvetleri el dinamometresi, kalça eklem hareket açıklıkları ve subtalar açıları ise universal gonyometre ile değerlendirildi.

Sonuçlar: YDT ile alt ekstremite kas kuvvetleri ve kalça eksternal rotasyon hareket açıklıkları arasında pozitif anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (p
EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT PHYSICAL THERAPY EXERCISE TECHNIQUES IN CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY
Authors: AYTAR Ayça , ÇAĞLAR Aslıcan , TEKİNDAL Mustafa Agah , ÜMİT YEMİŞÇİ Oya , AYTAR Aydan
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Exercise therapy is the most common conservative treatment for low back pain. Exercise has generally been associated pain and kinesiophobia. In this context, especially paraspinal muscles need to be focused on. For this reason, the aim of our study is to evaluate different types of exercises that will help increase neuromuscular facilitation and core stability in paraspinal muscles by considering patient satisfaction.

Methods: A total of thirty-seven female patients with chronic low back pain were included in the study. The Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire was used to assess functionality. Core stability was evaluated with a stabilizer. Pain intensity and satisfaction were measured with Visual Analog Scale. Patients' kinesiophobia levels were assessed by using Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale. Patients were randomized into three groups according to the interventions as: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercise group (n = 9), core stability exercise group (n = 14) and control (n = 14) group. The duration of applications was 3 days per week with a total of 6 weeks.

Results: There were group differences for core muscle strength (p = .045), Oswestry scores (p = .001), pain intensity score (p = .003) and Tampa score (p = .001). There were significant gains for Core muscle strength and Oswestry scores for Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Core stability groups (p < .05).

Conclusion. Core stabilization exercises have additional effects to improve rehabilitation outcomes for patients. Besides that, the level of patient satisfaction was importantly different between all groups in favor to Core stability in chronic low back pain.
Study of acidic air pollutant (SO2 and NO2) tolerance of microalgae with sodium bicarbonate as growth stimulant
Authors: Srivastava Saurabh , Omar Padam Jee , Shekhar Shiwanshu , Gupta Sneha
Published: May 2023

The major environmental toxicity of acidic pollutant in the fossil fuel gas substances has long been well known. Macro and microalgae are biological sources with a large range of biotechnological uses, for e.g., bioremediation, bio-fuel, air pollutant absorber, and many more. This study addresses the use of Chlamydomonas sp., an effective biomaterial in their tolerance against 2 and 5% of the SO2 & NO2. Growth kinetics were improved by the addition of sodium bicarbonate to the culture conical media. SO2 and NO2 were provided to culture media by the use of sodium meta-bisulfite and nitrous acid. The control combination of SO2 and NO2 provides: 2% SO2, 5% SO2, 2% NO2, 5% NO2, (2% SO2 + 2% NO2), (5% SO2 + 5% NO2) at the seventh day of incubation. The optimum pH ranged between 7.1 and 8.6 when exposed to gas. Results suggested that the growth kinetics of Chlamydomonas sp. is greater in SO2 and low in the 5% exposure of NO2. The maximum absorbing concentrations of SO2 and NO2 were 921.625 μg/ml and 906.25 μg/ml respectively for Chlamydomonas sp. This work highlights the potential of algae in tolerance to NO2 & SO2 from the polluted air.
Elementos metodológicos para evaluar la sostenibilidad turística en el caribe colombiano
Authors: Vargas-Leira Freddy De Jesús , Castellar-Tapia Ciro Andrés
Published: May 2023

En este trabajo se reflexiona acerca de cómo evaluar la sostenibilidad de las actividades turísticas desarrolladas en territorios costeros del Caribe colombiano, a través de un alcance metodológico descriptivo y un enfoque cualitativo. De esta forma, los autores combinan su experticia en el tema y el análisis de literatura científica especializada, para elaborar un estado del arte de la temática y describir detalladamente los pasos que se deben seguir en un proceso de este tipo. El estado del arte desarrollado se organiza en cuatro líneas temáticas relacionadas con la caracterización de playas, sostenibilidad de las actividades turísticas, evaluación de los impactos generados en/por estas y las metodologías existentes para su estimación o medición. Asimismo, los elementos metodológicos propuestos para la medición de la sostenibilidad se agrupan en dos fases: la primera, relacionada con la adaptación, y la segunda, concerniente a la implementación del sistema de indicadores requerido para evaluar la sostenibilidad. Por último, las conclusiones enfatizan en la utilidad y pertinencia de este trabajo como iniciativa preliminar que contribuirá al desarrollo de investigaciones empíricas en la materia y al fortalecimiento de los procesos de planificación turística desde la perspectiva local.
Clío América en sus 16 años
Authors: García-Luna Rafael Roiman
Published: May 2023

El progreso económico y el avance en la mejora de las condiciones de vida de las sociedades ha estado ligado a variados elementos como el aprovechamiento eficiente de las dotaciones de factores productivos, las características institucionales y las capacidades de interacción en los mercados, pero especialmente a la utilización del conocimiento y a la generación de ciencia como elementos cada vez más necesarios para insertarse creativamente en las cadenas globales de valor. La transferencia y la apropiación social del conocimiento también son claves para mantener una dinámica científica que impulse la implementación de innovaciones y, en este sentido, las revistas científicas juegan un papel muy importante como catalizadoras y divulgadoras de conocimiento que haya resultado de investigaciones que sustenten alternativas de solución a problemas sociales y económicos que deben ser solventados para alcanzar nuevos estadios de desarrollo.
Advances in Drug Therapy for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour
Authors: Liu Ju , Li Jiawei , Zhu Yan , Jing Rui , Ding Shi , Zhang Jifang , Zhao Leyan , Chen Ye , Shen Jiwei
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is a common gastrointestinal
sarcoma located in the stromal cells of the digestive tract, and molecular studies
have revealed the pathogenesis of mutations in KIT and PDGFRA genes. Since imatinib
opened the era of targeted therapy for GIST, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that can
treat GIST have been developed successively. However, the lack of new drugs with satisfactory
therapeutic standards has made addressing resistance a significant challenge for
TKIs in the face of the resistance to first-line and second-line drugs. Therefore, we need
to find as many drugs and new treatments that block mutated genes as possible.

Methods:

We conducted a comprehensive collection of literature using databases, integrated
and analysed the selected literature based on keywords and the comprehensive nature
of the articles, and finally wrote articles based on the content of the studies.

Results:

In this article, we first briefly explained the relationship between GIST and KIT/
PDGFRα and then introduced the related drug treatment. The research progress of TKIs
was analyzed according to the resistance of the drugs.

Conclusion:

This article describes the research progress of some TKIs and briefly introduces
the currently approved TKIs and some drugs under investigation that may have better
therapeutic effects, hoping to provide clues to the research of new drugs.
Corrigendum to: Recent Developments in the Field of Tumor-Inhibiting Metal
Complexes
Authors: Galanski M.S. , Arion V.B. , Jakupec M.A. , Keppler B.K.
Published: May 2023

An article was published in the journal "Current Pharmaceutical Design", Volume 9, No. 25, 2003, pp: 2078-2089 [1]. The first author is
requesting an alteration in the name.

Details of a correction are provided here.

The original name published was Markus Galanski. The request is to change the name to Mathea Sophia Galanski.

The original article can be found online at: https://www.eurekaselect.com/article/8545

We regret the error and apologize to readers.
Production of liquid hydrocarbons by thermo-acidic method from waste high-density polyethylene
Authors: Kumar Awinash , Lingfa Pradip
Published: May 2023

Aims:

The study explains the production of useful liquid hydrocarbons by thermo-acidic catalytic thermal degradation of waste high-density polyethylene. A comparative study of the liquid samples with or without catalysts.

Background:

Energy demand is high in the world. Waste plastic conversion is nowadays a concern of interest research for scientists. HDPE (High-density polyethylene) is the most common plastic used in households. Different types of catalysts and techniques have been used in the alteration process of waste HDPE. This paper deals with the kandite group of catalyst kaolin and the montmorillonite group of catalyst sodium bentonite in acid-activated mutated form.

Objective:

This paper aims to explore the prominent utilization of kaolin clay and sodium bentonite clay minerals as a catalyst for the alteration of waste HDPE into fuel resources and to develop a cost-effective recycling experimental set-up for plastic waste conversion.

Method:

Thermo-catalytic acid activation has been done for clay mutation. Hydrochloric acid-activated catalysts have been used in this study. FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometer) techniques have been used to explore the prominent compounds in the product samples.

Result:

Maximum energy per photon for RO (Parent Oil/Raw Oil) and AO(Acid treated thermo-catalytic oil) samples are respectively 58034.01×1024 Joules and 59271.40×1024 Joules concerning wave numbers 2921.42 and 2983.71 cm-1. Compounds of functional groups C-CH3, CH2, alkenes, and CH3 have been identified for RO and AO samples. Less gaseous hydrocarbons 31.79% (outcomes) or 29.66 % (production yield) and 150.06 % of increment in wax have been calculated after using acid-treated catalysts. Aliphatic compounds like alkanes and alkenes are present in the samples.

Conclusion:

A mixture of acid-treated kaolin and acid-treated sodium bentonite as the catalysts for degrading waste HDPE into liquid oil greatly reduces wax formation. Average outcomes and production of liquid hydrocarbons are good results with the acid-treated catalytic degradation of HDPE waste. One remarkable fact is that the yield percentage of liquid products is higher in acid-activated catalytic thermal degradation.
Cocrystallizing and Codelivering Complementary Drugs to Multidrugresistant
Tuberculosis Bacteria in Perfecting Multidrug Therapy
Authors: Sahoo Pathik
Published: May 2023

Bacteria cells exhibit multidrug resistance in one of two ways: by raising the genetic ex-pression of multidrug efflux pumps or by accumulating several drug-resistant components in many genes. Multidrug-resistive tuberculosis bacteria are treated by multidrug therapy, where a few cer-tain antibacterial drugs are administered together to kill a bacterium jointly. A major drawback of conventional multidrug therapy is that the administration never ensures the reaching of different drug molecules to a particular bacterium cell at the same time, which promotes growing drug resis-tivity step-wise. As a result, it enhances the treatment time. With additional tabletability and plastic-ity, the formation of a cocrystal of multidrug can ensure administrating the multidrug chemically together to a target bacterium cell. With properly maintaining the basic philosophy of multidrug therapy here, the synergistic effects of drug molecules can ensure killing the bacteria, even before getting the option to raise the drug resistance against them. This can minimize the treatment span, expenditure and drug resistance. A potential threat of epidemic from tuberculosis has appeared after the Covid-19 outbreak. An unwanted loop of finding molecules with the potential to kill tuberculo-sis, getting their corresponding drug approvals, and abandoning the drug after facing drug resistance can be suppressed here. This perspective aims to develop the universal drug regimen by postulating the principles of drug molecule selection, cocrystallization, and subsequent harmonisation within a short period to address multidrug-resistant bacteria.
The Implication of Fragment-centric Mapping Strategy to Explore the First Selective Inhibitor Against Target Protein
Authors: Zhao Jia-Hui , Zhang Shao-Long , Zhou Xia , Meng Xian-Mei , Wang Ting , Sheng Xie-Huang
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Identification of the first selective inhibitor, also called “hit molecules, " is crucial
for developing drugs against a protein target. However, the crystal structures of protein-ligand complexes
are usually not resolved in time due to the process's time-consuming and costly nature. However, it
does not prevent scientists from understanding the binding modes’ urgent advantages and drawbacks of
protein-ligand interaction to guide the optimization of hit molecules.

Methods:

Here, we have developed a pocket-centric computational strategy to facilitate a comprehensive
understanding of the hit molecules against the protein target.

Results:

The results show that the pocket-centered mapping method not only allows for accurate prediction
of the native docking pose and in-depth analysis of the binding mode but also has the potential of
rapidly identifying partially unoccupied, unutilized, but targetable pockets to afford optimized hit molecules.
We tested the strategy on the first selective inhibitor, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), against
human arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC). Molecular dynamics simulation and MM/PBSA binding
energy calculation are used to verify the efficacy of the strategy.

Conclusion:

The results show that the pocket-centered mapping method not only allows for accurate prediction
of the native docking pose and in-depth analysis of the binding mode but also has the potential of rapidly
identifying partially unoccupied, unutilized, but targetable pockets to afford optimized hit molecules.
Quinoline and Analogs: Insight into the Synthesis, Biological Activity,
Structure-Activity Relationship, and Interaction with Targets
Authors: Kumar Upendra , Kumar Rajnish , Mazumder Avijit , Salahuddin  , Singh Himanshu , Yadav Ranjit Kumar , Kumar Greesh
Published: May 2023

Quinoline and its derivatives have been utilized and marketed as antibacterial, antimalarial,
anticancer, hypertension, asthma (COPD), etc. The diverse pharmacological properties of quinolone
are related to its chemical structure. Nowadays, it is common practice to combine at least two
pharmacophores to create a single molecule with powerful pharmacological effects. This helps to synergize
pharmacological qualities, enables interaction with several targets, or lessens the negative effects
related to them. Various synthetic approaches which have been used in recent times for the synthesis
of quinoline and its derivatives are listed in the manuscript with their merits and demerit. The
structure-activity relationship relating various pharmacological actions with molecular structure and
interaction with several targets has also been highlighted to provide a good comprehension to the researchers
for future studies on quinoline.
Tachykinins Play a Major Role in Micro and Macrovascular Complications
in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Ramzan Faiqah , Kiran Laila , Malik Shumaila Noreen , Malik Muhammad Inamullah
Published: May 2023

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder, which is characterized by an increase in blood
glucose levels. The defects in the secretion or action of insulin are the major cause of diabetes. Increase
in the blood glucose level exerts a negative effect on the normal functions of the body organs
and this leads to the dysfunctions of cells and tissue and causes vascular complications in diabetic
patients. Several studies indicate that neuropeptides are released from the neurosensory cells
which are mainly known as tachykinins which provoke major vascular complications in diabetic
patients. Tachykinins are known as pro-inflammatory peptides which increase vascular complications
and vascular permeability. The duration and severity of diabetes disease increase the risk of
vascular complication in patients. The aim of this review is to elaborate the role of tachykinins in
microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients. The study concluded that
tachykinins increase micro and macrovascular complications in diabetic patients.
Concomitants of Diabetic Foot Ulcer - A Review
Authors: Vanathi M Grace , R P Rajesh
Published: May 2023

Background:

Background: Diabetes mellitus leading to foot ulcer is a serious complication, and it is
considered a global epidemic. Neuropathyand high blood glucose levels are the primary causes of
foot ulcers. Fifteen percent of people with diabetes develop foot ulcers, and these foot disorders are
the main cause of lower extremity amputation among such patients.

Introduction:

Complications of diabetic foot, affecting the lower extremities are common and
quite complex and life-threatening. This review focuses on the life-threatening factors associated
with diabetic foot ulcers and also the diagnosing and preventive measures. Neuropathy assessment
and the range of foot ulcers were accurately examined.

Conclusion:

Novel therapies focusing on the vascularity of the lower limbs, infection control, and
ischemic control are being developed to mainly treat nonhealing ulcers.