bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFRASTRUCTURE MODEL FOR A SECURE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT FOR INFORMATION INTERACTION BETWEEN SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATION
Authors: Konstantinov I. S. , Lazarev S. A. , Polshchikov K. A. , Rubtsov K. A.
Published: January 2021

The article describes the construction of a basic display model in the information space of the organizational and technical association of subjects of information interaction in the implementation of joint projects and solving common problems. Some aspects of the construction of a set-theoretic model of the infrastructure of a secure virtual environment (SVE) of information interaction of scientific and educational organizations are considered. The basis of the infrastructure level of the SVE is a network of corporate portals, for which the model describes the relationship between network entities and rules of information interaction. The key element of information interaction is the portal, which is considered as a set of interconnected resources (access objects) that have a hierarchical tree structure of subordination. Multiple portal users (access subjects) are united through domain groups in a network structure that implements mechanisms of trust between domain groups, as well as one-time authorization and a single entry point to the portal network by implementing a single user session. The basic model presented in the article is the basis of a generalized model of the protected virtual environment of information interaction in general.
THE PROSPECTS AND SPECIFICS OF USING THE TASK GENERATOR IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: Stativko R. U. , Okuneva G. L. , Tetyukhin A. O. , Pentyuk S. I.
Published: January 2021

The requirements of modern society pose to higher educational institutions the task of developing and using new tools, approaches and technologies in the educational process to improve the quality of the educational process. In higher educational institutions, test task generators are part of software systems designed to solve the problem of supporting the educational process. In the presented work, the use of template-based generators is considered. The use of generators changes the workload of both teachers and students. Students can independently check the studied material, repeat it, check knowledge again. The use of the test assignment generator allows you to save teachers’ resources in terms of checking the assimilation, understanding the discipline sections. The use of the test item generator makes it possible to solve a number of problems in the educational process: to partially automate the educational process, remove the routine load from teachers, and receive test results. The paper describes the structure of the test tasks generator. The generator model is shown in object-set representation. Examples of using the generator for various disciplines are presented. It has been said about the advantage of developing and implementing a test case generator using the Django web framework. A bank of templates for test tasks has been developed. Each template contains a description of the generated task in accordance with the subject of the discipline. A mechanism for assigning a student’s assessment of passed tests with the provision of a report on the results to the teacher and the student has been implemented. The testing of the generator of test tasks was carried out, which showed that the web-oriented application performs online testing of students and saves the results.
KEY NETWORK BANDWIDTH ESTIMATE
Authors: Ostroumov O. A. , Sinyuk A. D.
Published: January 2021

The tasks of secure generating, distributing, and delivering keys to telecommunications systems correspondents that use cryptographic methods to protect information, along with accounting tasks, use order, and keys destruction are fundamental to the key life cycle task list. Traditionally, they are solved using secure communication channels, which is not economical, not always timely and in certain conditions impossible. The alternatives are key negotiation methods by transmitting information over open communication channels. The information efficiency accurate estimates are represented for some methods of open key agreement between two legitimate correspondents. They are not known for the network key formation conditions. The study purpose: an evidence-based search for potential evaluations of the open network key generation information effectiveness. The results: based on a set of represented results (including problem statement, intruder models development, channel connectivity, coder, decoder, system of quality indicators and key forming method requirements, key generation method, the network key generation asymptotic information efficiency index, proof key capacity theorem), an asymptotic information efficiency index estimate of a network key forming was made, which the key network bandwidth measurement based on the information exchange on a binary broadcast channel of communication with the component channels described by discrete symmetric channels models is proposed. Besides, Broadcast channel entropy function influence on the estimate is investigated. The pattern determining the network key forming possibility that meets the requirements is identified. The connection of the results with known scientific research is identified. The areas for further research are identified. The practical significance: the obtained results develop the wellknown scientific results in the field of the open key agreement theory and can be useful to specialists in the design and construction field of promising key management subsystems of modern cryptographic information protection systems that provide a closed telecommunication systems information exchange.
Impacto del programa Asignación Universal por Hijo en los resultados educativos y las tareas de los estudiantes en Argentina
Authors: Serio Monserrat , Herrera Martina
Published: January 2021

Este trabajo explora los efectos del programa de transferencias condicionadas Asignación Universal por Hijo (AUH) de Argentina en resultados educativos como asistencia escolar, desempeño educativo en Lengua y Matemática, repitencia y en la realización de tareas no escolares que podrían disminuir el tiempo de estudio y la permanencia en el establecimiento escolar. Se utilizan datos del operativo Aprender 2016 de la primaria y secundaria, explotando la pregunta sobre percepción de la AUH por parte de la familia del alumno. Se realiza un proceso de Coarsened Exact Matching y se estima el efecto del programa en los tratados. Los resultados sugieren que la AUH tiene un impacto positivo en la asistencia de los alumnos de los últimos años de la secundaria, aumentando en 1,3 p.p. y 1 p.p. la probabilidad de faltar menos de ocho y 17 veces, respectivamente. No obstante, no se encuentran efectos en el desempeño educativo y en la realización de tareas no escolares. A su vez, se encuentran efectos heterogéneos, el programa aumenta la probabilidad de asistencia especialmente en varones tanto de primaria como secundaria entre 0,4 p.p. y 1,5 p.p., mientras que los estudiantes de zonas rurales y de escuelas públicas parecen reasignar sus tareas.
Análise das políticas de cotas em universidades estaduais do estado do Paraná/Brasil, segundo o Ciclo de Políticas
Authors: Souza Andreliza Cristina de , Rothen José Carlos
Published: January 2021

O estudo tem como objetivo analisar as políticas de cotas para estudantes negras e negros, e de escola pública, de cinco universidades públicas estaduais do estado do Paraná – Brasil, quanto às semelhanças e diferenças, potencialidades e limites, estratégias e procedimentos utilizados para implantação e implementação da reserva de vagas. Foram utilizados documentos institucionais como fonte de dados, assim como entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores institucionais. Para análise, utilizou-se o Ciclo de Políticas, onde foram explorados os contextos da influência, da produção do texto e da prática das políticas de cotas (Ball et al., 2016; Bowe et al., 1992). Perfazendo a análise, observou-se que cada universidade adotou diferentes modelos de cotas, dentro de suas possibilidades e limitações. Os atores envolvidos com a política também vivenciaram dificuldades durante o processo, desde a produção do texto até a implementação. Com base nos depoimentos, foi possível constatar que a produção do texto gerou limitações no acesso de estudantes negras e negros e/ou de escola pública, que poderia ter sido maior desde os primeiros anos de adoção das cotas. Na análise, foi destacada também a falta de avaliação e acompanhamento, o que é uma fragilidade das políticas de cotas das IES.
From Intense to Leisurely Study Days: A Diary Study of Daily Wellbeing among Students in Higher Education
Authors: Moilanen Sanna , Autio Laura , Tolvanen Asko , Sevón Eija , Rönkä Anna
Published: January 2021

This mobile diary study examined day-today variability during one study week among university students and study-related associated factors promoting and impairing their well-being. Specifically, we explored (1) what factors university students consider as promoting and as impairing their daily wellbeing, (2) what types of daily study profiles for students can be identified based on study hours, study motivation, and academic stress, and (3) how the factors promoting and impairing students’ daily wellbeing are related to these daily study profiles. The study utilized one-week mobile diary data collected from 86 university students studying in a Finnish university (a total of 602 measurements). Seven factors promoting and eight factors impairing the wellbeing of students were identified. These included leisure time and domestic duties, social relations, sleep, rest, nutrition, and time management. Using multilevel latent profile analysis, we further identified four distinct daily study profiles: intense, productive, inefficient, and leisurely study days. The results also showed that the various factors promoting and impairing daily wellbeing were differently associated with the four study profiles.
Acquisition Centrality, Locus of Control and the Influence of Religion in Everyday Life: The Case of Urban Consumer Class of Bangladesh
Authors: Masoom Muhammad Rehan
Published: January 2021

The present study addresses the consequences of materialistic value-orientation (i.e. Acquisition Centrality) on the effect of the sense of control on religious experiences of the urban consumer class of Bangladesh. The central thesis is that economic transformation may contribute to the materialistic value-orientation and exert a control on the social experience; nonetheless, it would not exert any effect between the relationship of the Locus of Control and the role of religion. To test the thesis, the research investigates; given the economic growth begets acquisition centrality on a larger scale and these values, in return, often form the new purpose of social lives and emerge as a potential social force of modernity. Can religion as a century-old social institution continue to have strong-hold on the definition of social reality? To answer the question, this Cross-sectional research administered a survey of 1246 respondents from ten randomly selected distinct areas of Dhaka city and analyzed the data within a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework. The findings suggest that the people with high (External) sense of control are more likely to be influenced by their religious experiences and the people with low (Internal) sense of control have high Acquisition Centrality; Acquisition Centrality strengthened the influence of External Locus of Control on the influence of religion.
Age, Gender, Socio-Economic Status, Attitudes Towards Drug Abuse as Determinants of Deviant Behavior Among Undergraduate Students
Authors: Oguntayo Rotimi , Ajao Paul O. , Akintunde Kayode A. , Popoola Oluwagbemiga A. , Opayemi Aderemi S.
Published: January 2021

Evidence from literature shows that deviant behavior is on high side among undergraduates in Nigeria whereas some certain psychosocial factors causing this phenomenon have not been fully explored. This study examined whether age, gender, socio-economic status and attitude towards drug abuse determine deviant behavior among the undergraduate students. It adopted ex-post facto design. Simple random sampling technique was used to sample 269 participants. The Prescription Drug Attitudes Questionnaire (PDAQ) and Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS) were used to gather data from the participants. T-test analysis and multiple regression were used to test the formulated hypotheses. The results revealed that age, monthly allowance and attitude towards drug abuse have significant joint prediction of deviant behavior (R=.358 R2 =.128, F=10.594, p<.05) while only attitude towards drug abuse independently predicted deviant behavior (R=.236, R2 =.056 F = 17.112; p<.01). Also, there was a significant gender difference on deviant behavior [t (293) = 4.196, p<.01], where male respondents scored high significantly (M=4.09, SD=3.44) compared to female respondents (M=2.53, SD=2.31) on deviant behavior. It is therefore recommended that policy makers in educational sector and the governing council of tertiary institutions need to create awareness on the debilitating effects of drugs on students’ behavior, especially among males.
On the sandpile model of modified wheels II
Authors: Raza Zahid , Jaradat Mohammed M. M. , Bataineh Mohammed S. , Ullah Faiz
Published: January 2021

We investigate the abelian sandpile group on modified wheels

W
ˆ

n

{\hat{W}}_{n}

by using a variant of the dollar game as described in [N. L. Biggs, Chip-Firing and the critical group of a graph, J. Algebr. Comb. 9 (1999), 25–45]. The complete structure of the sandpile group on a class of graphs is given in this paper. In particular, it is shown that the sandpile group on

W
ˆ

n

{\hat{W}}_{n}

is a direct product of two cyclic subgroups generated by some special configurations. More precisely, the sandpile group on

W
ˆ

n

{\hat{W}}_{n}

is the direct product of two cyclic subgroups of order

a

n

{a}_{n}

and

3

a

n

3{a}_{n}

for n even and of order

a

n

{a}_{n}

and

2

a

n

2{a}_{n}

for n odd, respectively.
Obsidian and Obsidian-like Glass Tesserae: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Study the Dedication Wall Mosaic in the Church of St. Mary of the Admiral in Palermo (12th Century)
Authors: Cantone Valentina , Deiana Rita , Silvestri Alberta , Angelini Ivana
Published: January 2021

Pliny the Elder testifies that roman workshops used volcanic glass (obsidian), but also produced and used a dark glass (obsidian-like glass) quite similar to the natural one. In the context of the study on medieval mosaics, the use of the obsidian and obsidian-like tesserae is a challenging research topic. In this paper, we present the results of a multidisciplinary study carried out on the Dedication wall mosaic, realized by a byzantine workshop in the 12th century in the Church of St. Mary of the Admiral in Palermo, and where numerous black-appearing tesserae, supposed to be composed of obsidian by naked-eyes observation, are present. Historical documents, multispectral imaging of the wall mosaic, and some analytical methods (SEM-EDS and XRPD) applied to a sample of black tesserae, concur in identifying here the presence of obsidian and different obsidian-like glass tesserae. This evidence, although related to the apparent tampering and restoration, could open a new scenario in the use of obsidian and obsidian-like glass tesserae during the Byzantine period in Sicily and in the reconstruction of multiple restoration phases carried out between 12th and 20th century AD on the mosaics of St. Mary of the Admiral.
Prehistorical Obsidian Sources in the Island of Lipari (Aeolian Islands)
Authors: Martinelli Maria Clara , Coltelli Mauro , Manni Marco , Bonizzoni Letizia , Guglielmetti Alessandra , Oddone Massimo , Balestrieri Maria Laura
Published: January 2021

This research project concerns the study, analysis and dating of obsidian flows on the island of Lipari, in relation to the population of the Aeolian Islands, during the Neolithic period.

The collection, processing and diffusion of Lipari obsidian characterise the Neolithic population of Lipari and the entire Mediterranean. By improving the knowledge of supply methods in the territory, it will be possible to formulate hypotheses on the chronology of the sources, the ways of collecting the raw material and on the mobility of the Neolithic communities in the Aeolian Islands. The scientific research is divided into two main topics: the first concerns the analytical and methodological aspects of archaeological and geological studies of Lipari obsidian; the second, the formation of obsidian at Lipari, their sources and lithological characteristics. Throughout the duration of this study we will perform new age determinations of Neolithic obsidian artefacts and geological samples, directly with the method of fission track, and indirectly dating paleo soils using the radiocarbon method.
False Positives Using Social Cognitive Mapping to Identify Children’s Peer Groups
Authors: Neal Zachary , Neal Jennifer Watling , Domagalski Rachel
Published: January 2021

Children and adolescents interact in peer groups, which are known to influence a range of psychological and behavioral outcomes. In developmental psychology and related disciplines, social cognitive mapping (SCM), as implemented with the SCM 4.0 software, is the most commonly used method for identifying peer groups from peer report data. However, in a series of four studies, we demonstrate that SCM has an unacceptably high risk of false positives. Specifically, we show that SCM will identify peer groups even when applied to random data. We introduce backbone extraction and community detection as one promising alternative to SCM, and offer several recommendations for researchers seeking to identify peer groups from peer report data.
A Triumphal Arch for the Count of Moctezuma: Architectural Poetics and Artistic Competition at the Cathedral of Mexico City, ca. 1670–1700
Authors: Schreffler Michael
Published: January 2021

In seventeenth-century Mexico City, the viceroys appointed by the kings of Spain began their tenures by processing through two ephemeral triumphal arches, one of them erected at the portal to the west transept of the Metropolitan Cathedral. The designs of those arches and their decoration with paintings on mythological themes are recorded in festival books printed to accompany the ceremonial entries. Previous scholarship has focused on the iconographic programs of the arches, seeing them as official statements on good government and the expression of an elite self-image. Less attention has been paid to the architectural structures themselves, the focus of ATriumphal Arch for the Count of Moctezuma: Architectural Poetics and Artistic Competition at the Cathedral of Mexico City, ca. 1670–1700. In this essay, Michael Schreffler presents a close and comparative reading of the descriptions of the arches in the festival books, providing insights into architectural knowledge and artistic competition in seventeenth-century Mexico City.
The National Computing Centre
Authors: Brook Richard
Published: January 2021

In The National Computing Centre: “White Heat,” Modernization, and Postwar Manchester, Richard Brook examines Britain’s National Computing Centre (Cruickshank & Seward, 1967–75) as an example of mainstream modern architecture. The NCC was a project of Prime Minister Harold Wilson’s Labour government (1964–70), built in Manchester and linked to the creation of Britain’s Ministry of Technology. Set against a backdrop of the ColdWar, nuclear cultures, and emerging computing technologies, this study considers the links between Manchester, its broader region, and the central UK government. Brook situates architecture as both negotiated practice and unfinished project within the context of the state, and describes the role of policy and personnel in site selection, architectural design, and the realization of a politically important postwar project.
“By Degrees”
Authors: Giles Paul
Published: January 2021

Paul Giles, “‘By Degrees’: Jane Austen’s Chronometric Style of World Literature” (pp. 265–293)

This essay considers how Jane Austen’s work relates to “World Literature” by internalizing a chronometric style. Examining the emergence of the chronometer in the eighteenth century, it suggests how Austen drew on nautical frames of reference to combine disparate trajectories of local realism, geographical distance, and historical time. The essay thus argues that Austen’s fiction is interwoven with a reflexive mode of cartographic mapping, one that draws aesthetically on nautical instruments to remap time and space. This style involves charting various fluctuations of perspective that reorder history, memory, and genealogy, while also recalibrating Britain’s position in relation to the wider world. Moving on from an initial analysis of Austen’s juvenilia and early novels, the essay proceeds in its second part to discuss Mansfield Park (1814) in relation to Pacific exploration and trade. In its third part, it considers Emma (1815) in the context of comic distortions and the misreadings that arise from temporal and spatial compressions in the narrative, a form heightened by the novel’s reflexive wordplay. Hence the essay argues that Austen’s particular style of World Literature integrates chronometric cartography with domestic circumstances, an elusive idiom that also manifests itself in relation to the gender dynamics of Persuasion (1817) and the unfinished “Sanditon,” as discussed in the essay’s concluding pages. This is correlated finally with the way Austen’s novels are calibrated, either directly or indirectly, in relation to a global orbit.
Impacto sobre el cambio climático del ciclo de vida de las tarimas de madera elaboradas en la región Huetar Norte de Costa Rica
Authors: Solano Salmerón John , Fonseca González William , Ugalde Alfaro Sebastián , Alice Guier Federico
Published: January 2021

[Introducción]: El Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) es una metodología robusta y reconocida para determinar la magnitud de los impactos ambientales de un producto. [Objetivo]: El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar el impacto sobre el cambio climático de las tarimas de madera. [Metodología]: Los límites del sistema van desde la preparación del terreno para establecer las plantaciones, hasta la puerta de llegada a la empacadora de fruta. Se evaluaron dos unidades funcionales: a) una tarima con dimensiones comerciales para la manipulación y trasiego de productos agrícolas y b) un metro cúbico de madera para producción de tarimas. La temporalidad de los datos comprendió al periodo 2014-2017 y la de los resultados del Análisis de Ciclo de Vida un ciclo de rotación de 12 años para plantaciones de melina (Gmelina arborea Roxb). Se evaluaron dos sistemas de producto: con biomasa en el tratamiento térmico y con gas LP. [Resultados]: El primero presentó un impacto potencial levemente menor. En ambos casos, la combustión de diésel asociada al transporte de madera rolliza fue la etapa más intensa en emisiones, libera cerca de 1.61 kg CO2-eq tarima-1 y 43.22 kg CO2-eq m-3. El diésel, en todas las etapas del ciclo de vida, es la principal fuente de emisión de gases de efecto invernadero, ya que libera 2.31 kg CO2-eq tarima-1 y 86.57 kg CO2-eq m-3. [Conclusiones]: Las oportunidades de mejora en el desempeño ambiental del producto se encuentran en el uso de vehículos de carga más eficientes y en la reducción de la distancia entre las plantaciones forestales y la planta de aserrío.
Origen geográfico de los solicitantes de asilo y concesiones de Protección internacional en España entre 2008 y 2018
Authors: Lois-González Rubén Camilo , García-Delgado Fco Javier , Felicidades-García Jesús , De-la-Rosa-Martínez María
Published: January 2021

En 2018 ACNUR cifró en 40 millones los desplazados internos, 25,4 millones los refugiados y 3,1 millones los solicitantes de asilo internacional (ACNUR-España, 2018), suponiendo la mayor crisis de refugiados desde la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Los flujos de desplazados, fundamentalmente de sur a norte y de este a oeste y en frontera, han aumentado en las dos últimas décadas, al tiempo que se han producido cambios en la legislación de los Estados receptores para limitar el derecho de asilo y la acogida de refugiados, como es el caso de los miembros de la UE. Las restricciones, factores y causas en origen (guerra, discriminación, persecución de parte de la población, etc.), han generado mudanzas en la procedencia de los solicitantes, pero también de las concesiones de figuras de protección internacional. En España es posible analizar a través de fuentes oficiales (Ministerio del Interior) los cambios habidos en la procedencia de las solicitudes de asilo y en las concesiones de protección internacional en el período 2008-2018, lo que permite establecer correlaciones entre causas y factores internos y externos. En su conjunto, se observan cambios en el origen de los solicitantes debido a la extensión de los conflictos armados (Siria, Irak), la crisis institucional (Venezuela) o las restricciones en países tradicionales de asilo (El Salvador, Honduras), y cómo están cambiando las preferencias de acogida en España como Estado receptor.
La proyección de la Iniciativa Cinturón y Ruta de la Seda en la Unión Europea (2014-2019): implicaciones económicas y normativas
Authors: Rocha Pino Manuel De Jesús
Published: January 2021

La investigación analiza las características que poseen los proyectos de la Iniciativa Cinturón y Ruta de la Seda (CyR), instrumentados durante el periodo 2014-2019 en la Unión Europea (UE), y su relevancia para el desarrollo de las relaciones políticas y económicas sino-europeas. Este proceso se ha desarrollado en un contexto de interdependencia económica creciente entre los actores, algo evidenciado por los altos volúmenes en sus intercambios comerciales. La investigación utiliza un enfoque basado en la teoría liberal-institucionalista de relaciones internacionales con la finalidad de analizar las preferencias elegidas por China y la UE para orientar su relación de una manera pragmática, aunque no exenta de asimetrías; así como los instrumentos institucionales utilizados para coordinar la agenda bilateral: la plataforma institucional que tiene la función coordinadora de las actividades del CyR en la UE es la asociación estratégica China-UE. Algunas de las conclusiones identificadas en la investigación son: 1) la UE es considerada por el gobierno chino como una región fundamental para la instrumentación del CyR, 2) la inversión en proyectos de infraestructura financiados por los capitales de origen chino tiene el objetivo de profundizar la interdependencia económica con la UE, y 3) el gobierno chino debe tener en cuenta los intereses económicos de la parte europea y el respeto a las normativas de la UE.
El proceso socio-histórico de degradación urbana en la ciudad de Bucaramanga-Santander (Colombia). La desigualdad urbana y sus consecuencias sociales.
Authors: Zambrano Valdivieso Oscar Javier , Macías Rodríguez Antonio
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo de revisión surge de un marcado interés por realizar un análisis Socio-historiográfico de la precariedad urbana en la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Santander; en cuanto al desarrollo metodológico se realizó una revisión documental de  forma sistemática en bases indexadas,  con el fin de consultar e identificar información pertinente y de interés en la recopilación  y construcción de los referentes teóricos necesarios para dar respuesta a la siguiente pregunta que guía la investigación: ¿Por qué analizar desde un punto de vista socio-historiográfico la precariedad urbana en la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Santander;? La investigación tiene un enfoque de tipo documental cualitativo, con alcance descriptivo - explicativo, y diseño basado en la teoría fundamentada.
A Transient Two-dimensional CFD Evaluation of Indoor Thermal Comfort with an Intermittently-operated Radiant Floor Heating System in an Office Building
Authors: Jiying Liu  , Xuwei Zhu  , Moon Keun Kim  , Ping Cui  , Shengwei Zhu  , Risto Kosonen
Published: January 2021

To provide excellent thermal comfort in an energy-efficient manner, the radiant floor cooling and heating system has become an attractive technology. In this work, an intermittently-operated radiant floor heating system combined with a ventilation system for use during the weekdays is proposed via a transient two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model that takes into account the variation of the indoor heat gain. Additionally, intermittent controls based on the minimum outdoor air temperature and the average water supply and return temperature are proposed. Six specifically-designed outdoor air temperature values ranging from -15oC to 15oC are taken as examples to evaluate the thermal comfort performance using the operative temperature and local thermal discomfort criteria, including the vertical air temperature, floor temperature, and radiant asymmetry. Meanwhile, the percentages dissatisfied induced by the local discomfort parameters above were analyzed.. Results show that for the case with a minimum outdoor air temperature of -14.2 oC, the earlier shut-off of the water supply (e.g., 18:00) cannot contribute to maintaining a comfortable environment at 7:00. To eliminate the effect of the indoor heat gain, a water supply shut-off after 20:00 and the pump starting to recirculate water in the concrete slab at 00:00 are encouraged in the case of an insufficient indoor heat gain during the next daytime. The maximum operative temperature commonly occurred between 4:00-6:00 p.m. A trade-off between the percentages dissatisfied and the operative temperature is finally identified. The control strategy of the shut-off of the water supply for two hours at noon and at least four hours during the nighttime is ultimately obtained to yield the acceptable thermal comfort performance in the intermittent operating mode of a floor heating system while effectively reducing energy consumption.
OPTIMUM DENSITY OF Nannochloropsis sp. FOR MASS SCALE CORAL TROUT, Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802)
Authors: Asih Yasmina Nirmala , Sudewi Sudewi , Nasukha Afifah , Kusumawati Daniar , Mahardika Ketut , Muzaki Ahmad , Giri I Nyoman Adiasmara
Published: January 2021

Coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802)is a visual feeder. Turbidity caused by phytoplankton or clay particle in the water will affect the visual foraging of coral trout larvae. Addition of Nannochloropsis sp. has been included in standard operational procedure for marine fish larval rearing as green water. However, the density of Nannochlorposis sp. in coral trout larval rearing system has not been evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the optimal of Nannochloropsis sp. required for rearing of coral trout larvae. Nannochloropsis sp. was given to two days old larvae (D-2), with the densities of 2 x 105, 4 x 105, and 6 x 105cell/mL. After 50 days rearing period (D-50), evaluation on the average size and total harvest were recorded. The results showed that the density of 2 x 105 cell/mL Nannochloropsis sp. was the best in survival rate (2.35 ± 1.05%) than other densities, but they were not significantly different (P>0.05) than those of 4 x 105 cell/mL (1.67 ± 0.70%) and 6 x 105 cell/mL (1.26 ± 1.05%). The lower densities, 2 x 105 and 4 x 105cell/mL, were dominated by more than 50% of > 2.7 cm sized juvenile. Histological analysis of fish eyes supported that the two lower densities produced dominant cone shape as the receptor cells in the retina observed. From an economical aspect, addition of 2 x 105 cells/mL resulted on the higher profit, hence optimum density of Nannochloropsis sp. added in coral trout larval rearing on a mass scale was 2 x 105 cells/mL.
REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF HATCHERY-BRED, WILD-CAUGHT BROODSTOCK, AND THEIR OUTBREED OF THE AFRICAN CATFISH Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Eyo Victor Oscar , Eze Felix , Eriegha Ochuko Joshua
Published: January 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the reproductive performance of hatchery-bred and wild-caught broodstock of Clarias gariepinus. Thirty pairs of each hatchery-bred and wild-caught broodstock (15 females and 15 males) was used for the study. Induced breeding was carried out in four groups with three replications at a ratio of 1:1 by hypophysation method. Group A: hatchery-bred male and hatchery-bred female (HBM m + HBF f); B: wild-caught male and wild-caught female (WCM m + WCF f), C: hatchery-bred female and wild-caught male (HBF f+ WCM m) and D: wild-caught female and hatchery-bred male C. gariepinus (WCF f + HBM m). Results showed that egg diameter, sperm motility, sperm density, and male GSI were not significantly different (P>0.05) whereas ovary weight, sperm volume, fecundity, female GSI, and percentage fertilization were significantly higher (P<0.05) in hatchery-bred broodstock than wild-caught broodstock. Hatchability was significantly higher (P<0.05) in Group C and D than A and B. In conclusion, a better reproductive performance in C. gariepinus with an economic advantage could be recorded through the combination of wild-caught and hatchery-bred broodstock.
EFFECT OF VARIOUS CRYOPROTECTANTS ON PRESERVATION OF BLACK TIGER Penaeus monodon SHRIMP SPERMATOZOA
Authors: Rosmiati Rosmiati , Trismawanti Ike , Lante Samuel
Published: January 2021

The development of cryopreservation technique on tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon broodstock spermatophore has been carried out to support the artificial insemination. This study aims to determine the effect of three cyoprotectants (methanol, dimetylsulphoxide (DMSO), and glycerol) for long term storage of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon spermatozoa. Spermatophores were collected from the wild broodstocks through electrical shock. Spermatozoa were obtained by homogenizing the spermatophores using a Radnoti micro homogenizer in Ca-free saline solution containing one of three cryoprotectans (methanol, dimetylsulphoxide, and glycerol) separately at the concentration of 5%. One mL of each cryoprotectant containing spermatozoa with the density of 1.02 x 106 cell/mL was transferred into a cryovial and cryopreserved at room temperature, -20°C and -196°C for 5, 10, and 30 days. The apparent sperm viability (ASV) of cryopreserved spermatozoa was monitored after treated. Thawing of cryopreserved spermatozoa was carried out in a 30°C wáter bath for two minutes. The result showed that the best apparent sperm viability was obtained at the using of glycerol at -196°C in liquid nitrogen, even after the thirty days of cryopreservation time period with the ASV of 0.82 x 106 cells/mL (80.39%). Meanwhile two other cryoprotectans displayed the ASV of 0.54 x 106 cells/mL (56.86%), and 0.23 x 106 cells/mL (22.55%). for DMSO and methanol, respectively. In turn, the control showed the lowest ASV with the ASV of 0.01 x 106 cells/mL (1.27%). The ASV showed by this glycerol exhibited asignificant difference (P<0.05) to that of methanol, DMSO, and control.
CONTROL OF Vibrio alginolyticus INFECTION IN ASIAN SEA BASS Lates calcarifer USING AMBON BANANA PLANT POWDER Musa paradisiacal THROUGH THE FEED
Authors: Pattah Hamida , Wahjuningrum Dinamella , Yuhana Munti , Widanarni Widanarni
Published: January 2021

Asian sea bass is one of economically important commodities in aquaculture. However, its culture often challenged by vibriosis infection which resulted in lower production. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the ambon banana plant powder application in feed as an effort to control the disease caused by Vibrio alginolyticus infection. Asian sea bass with total length of 7.48 ± 0.45 cm. Five different treatments were applied in this experiment, i.e. positive control, negative control, prevention, curative, and antibiotic application. The challenge test is carried out on the 15th day. Challenge test was performed with intramuscularly injection of V. alginolyticus at the cell density of 106 CFU/fish. The results showed the amount of feed consumption after the challenge test was highest in the curative and antibiotic control. However, these results were not significantly different (P>0.05) among preventive and curative treatments but were significantly different from controls (P<0.05). Fish treated with supplemented feed showed the highest total erythrocytes, total leukocytes, hemoglobin, respiratory burst, and lysozyme activity compared to controls. IL-1b gene expression increased after the challenge test with the highest level of expression in the curative treatment. It can be concluded that the administration of ambon banana plant powder (3 g/100 g diet) could control of V. alginolyticus infection in Asian sea bass and resulted 70.00% survival rate on prevention and 83.33% on curative treatments.
Obtenção de nanopartículas magnéticas utilizando materiais do cotidiano: síntese, caracterização e abordagem didática para o ensino médio
Authors: Ribeiro Andresa da Costa , Costa Marcia da , Santos Cleciane Ramos dos , Bonadio Taiana Gabriela Moretti , Tominaga Tania Toyomi
Published: January 2021

Neste trabalho é apresentada uma prática experimental com materiais do cotidiano para obtenção de nanopartículas magnéticas e uma proposta didática com o tema Nanociências e Nanotecnologia, baseada na abordagem CTSA. As NPmag foram caracterizadas por espalhamento de luz e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A proposta aliou a atividade experimental, discussões referentes à caracterização, introdução aos temas e suas aplicações. Os resultados da caracterização sugerem que a metodologia para obtenção das NPmag é eficiente para fins didáticos e a proposta didática proporcionou aprendizagem de conteúdos científicos e suas aplicações.
Interaction between nitrogen, soil water condition and herbicides in Urochloa plantaginea control in irrigated rice crop
Authors: Spatt Leandro L. , Lopes Sidinei J. , Dornelles Sylvio H. B. , Tabaldi Luciane A. , Trivisiol Vinicius S. , Peripolli Mariane
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT The present study sought to verify the existence of interactions between the soil water conditions, nitrogen and herbicides commonly used to control alexandergrass in irrigated rice crop. The experimental design was completely randomized, arranged in a 2 x 3 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to two soil water conditions (5 cm water depth and 100% soil water holding capacity [WHC]), three nitrogen doses (0, 80 and 160 kg of N ha-1) and four doses of herbicides (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 times the registration dose). The herbicides evaluated were cyhalofop-butyl, imazapyr + imazapic and imazethapyr. The treatments were repeated four times. Phytotoxicity and dry mass were evaluated 28 days after application. For cyhalofop-butyl and imazapyr + imazapic, the phytotoxicity at 100% WHC and 5 cm water depth conditions was higher in treatments with nitrogen fertilization. However, for imazethapyr under the 100% WHC condition of soil increased phytotoxicity in the absence of nitrogen fertilization. For the flooded condition, from the dose of 35 g of a.i. ha-1, the result in the control for the herbicide imazethapyr was optimized under the conditions of fertilization with 80 and 160 kg of N ha-1. Cyhalofop-butyl and imazapyr + imazapic undergo synergistic interaction with nitrogen fertilization and water status in the control efficiency, yet with imazethapyr, the synergistic interaction only occurs under 100% of soil WHC.
Hydrogen peroxide in the acclimation of yellow passion fruit seedlings to salt stress
Authors: Silva André A. R. da , Veloso Luana L. de S. A. , Lima Geovani S. de , Azevedo Carlos A. V. de , Gheyi Hans R. , Fernandes Pedro D.
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide on the emergence, growth and gas exchange of yellow passion fruit seedlings subjected to salt stress. The experiment was conducted in pots (Citropote®) under greenhouse conditions, in the municipality of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Treatments were distributed in a randomized block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, with four levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.7, 1.4, 2.1 and 2.8 dS m-1) associated with four concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0, 25, 50 and 75 μM), with four replicates and two plants per plot. Irrigation using water with electrical conductivity above 0.7 dS m-1 negatively affects the emergence and growth of passion fruit. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations between 10 and 30 μM induce the acclimation of passion fruit plants to salt stress, mitigating the deleterious effects of salinity on the relative growth rate in stem diameter and leaf area, stomatal conductance, transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency. Irrigation water salinity combined with hydrogen peroxide concentrations above 30 μM causes reduction in passion fruit growth and physiology.
Tendência do uso e fontes de obtenção de antidiabéticos orais para tratamento de diabetes no Brasil de 2012 a 2018: análise do inquérito Vigitel
Authors: Leitão Veronica Batista Gomes , Francisco Priscila Maria Stolses Bergamo , Malta Déborah Carvalho , Costa Karen Sarmento
Published: January 2021

RESUMO: Objetivo: Estimar as prevalências de uso de medicamento oral para tratamento de diabetes, bem como a distribuição das fontes de obtenção segundo variáveis sociodemográficas, nas capitais dos estados brasileiros e no Distrito Federal e sua evolução no período de 2012 a 2018. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional com indivíduos de 20 anos ou mais que referiram diagnóstico médico de diabetes, entrevistados pelo Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel) de 2012 a 2018. Estimaram-se a prevalência de uso e a distribuição das fontes de obtenção segundo variáveis sociodemográficas (IC95%). Verificaram-se as diferenças entre as proporções pelo teste χ2 de Pearson (Rao-Scott), com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Houve aumento na prevalência de uso de medicamento oral para tratamento de diabetes de 77,4 para 85,2%, entre 2012 e 2018, e diminuição da obtenção nas farmácias de unidade de saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) com aumento da obtenção nas farmácias populares. Conclusões: O SUS manteve-se como a principal fonte de obtenção de antidiabéticos orais no Brasil, financiando mais de 70% dos medicamentos orais para tratamento de diabetes no país, considerando as farmácias de unidades de saúde e as farmácias populares, mostrando, assim, a importância das políticas farmacêuticas públicas na garantia do acesso a medicamentos pela população brasileira e na diminuição das iniquidades no país. Contudo a migração da obtenção pelos usuários nas unidades de saúde do SUS para as farmácias populares sugere enfraquecimento da responsabilidade da atenção primária à saúde na oferta de medicamentos antidiabéticos orais, fragilizando o vínculo e o cuidado longitudinal.
Protein hydrolysate of mechanically separated meat from Nile tilápia
Authors: Terres-Ribeiro Cassandra Meireles , Knak André Marcelo , Buzanello Rosana Aparecida da Silva , Lima Denise Pastore de , Montanhini Neto Roberto , Ribeiro Ricardo Pereira
Published: January 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to enzymatically obtain hydrolysate tilapia protein powder by two drying methods, and to perform a physicochemical characterization of the final products, as well as to evaluate their thermal stability. Proximal composition, aminogram, fatty acid profile, pH, color, water activity, and microbiological analyses were performed. Crude protein was the prominent component, with 87% in the spray-dried powder and 89% in the lyophilized powder, showing no statistical difference. The samples showed no bacterial growth, which may be associated with the low water activity in the products. Dry samples had b* positive, and the freeze-dried ones were more yellowish than the spray-dried ones. Both drying methods promoted similar luminosity near the white color. In the thermal analysis, samples showed 26% mass loss at 200°C, and degradation started at 290°C. Enzymatic hydrolysis is efficient, and the hydrolysate tilapia protein powder contains all essential amino acids. The hydrolysate shows similar protein content for both spray-dried and freeze-dried samples, and the final products are stable at high temperatures.
The Demand for Maternal and Child Health Care Services in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Latest Available Data for Selected Countries
Authors: S Mwije
Published: January 2021

It is evident that maternal and under-five child deaths have gradually reduced in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in the last three decades. In a bid to improve access and utilization of maternal and child health care services in the region, actors in public, private and civil society arenas at all levels have engaged in familiar circles towards service provisioning. Nevertheless, evidence from several SSA countries shows less utilization of some maternal and child health care services. The demand remains low for some services such as attendance of four antenatal visits as recommended by World Health Organization, delivery skilled birth attendants, postnatal care especially for newborns, child immunization, and use of modern contraceptives. The concern remains whether the less demand is influenced by supply-side or demand-side factors. The personal, socio-cultural, economic, health systems related factors may condition a person’s demand choices regardless of the need for a particular health service. Improved access may not necessarily translate into utilization because of these interrelated determinants of demand. Therefore, policy-makers might need to turn to Sen’s capability approach viewpoint to gaze at how expanding people’s choices-especially poor women might help to improve the demand for maternal and child health services in SSA. Policy interventions may include pro-poor healthcare service provisioning through public financing, improving women’s education, improving women’s access to information, etc. However, a multi-sectoral approach is necessary for addressing all demand determinants at all levels and the interventions should be context-specific.
Removal of Acid Violet 90 Dyestuffs in Aqueous Solutions by Ozonation Method
Authors: BOYSAN Füsun
Published: January 2021

Due to the colored wastewater from many industries, especially textile dyehouses, the dyestuffs that increase in variety with the developing technology, the risk of toxicity, as well as the aesthetic concerns, create a danger for human and environmental health and their treatment is becoming increasingly important. Color in wastewater can only be partially removed by conventional treatment methods. However, by treating with ozone, which is a strong oxidant, not only the color of the waste water is removed, but also the amount of organic pollution is reduced. In this study, color removal was investigated by ozonation method in synthetic water containing Acid Violet dye with an initial concentration of 50 mg/L. As a result of the study, the maximum efficiency was reached with pH 7, ozone dose 0.375 g/L.h, time 7.5 minutes, and 48.578 mg/L substance removal was achieved.