bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Religious Situation and Ensuring Interfaith Peace in the Arkhangelsk Region
Authors: Kugai Aleksandr Ivanovich , Guseinova Diana Gabilovna
Published: March 2024

The objective of the chapter is to elaborate suggestions for improving the mechanisms of building harmonious interfaith relations in the Arkhangelsk region. On the basis of statistical data and normative legal acts the current state of intergroup interaction is analysed and the regional policy guidelines for religious associations are identified. The authors confirm the predominantly peaceful nature of interactions in the multi-religious community. The need for more intensive actions on the part of both the authorities and the clergy to achieve the common objective of developing allied relations between confessions is emphasised. The experience of the implementation of measures for state regulation of interfaith relations in the Federal Republic of Germany is described. The suggestions for the executive authorities of the Arkhangelsk region are formulated.
The Impact of the Western Sanctions Policy on the Socio-Economic Indicators of Automotive Clusters in Russian Regions (on the Example of the Kaluga Region)
Authors: Kruglov Vladimir Nikolaevich
Published: March 2024

The empirical component of economic processes does not tolerate statics, which can only, perhaps, serve as a separate theoretical justification of some aspects in certain spheres of life. For reliable results, due to the fact that practice is the ultimate criterion of veracity of any new tool (model), it is necessary to proceed from the phenomena of dynamic order. It is the situational analysis with a minimum share of inaccuracy that allows to see the true advantages and disadvantages of the studied object, its risks and opportunities depending on the also changing realities of the environment. As the results of leading research institutes show, today the speed of updating information series (including the field of economics) is growing literally in geometric progression. If in the last century it took decades for the basic knowledge to become obsolete, now it becomes obsolete within a year. Without a doubt, this is due to the factors of informatisation, growth of human resources and artificial intelligence, computerisation and many other factors inherent in modern society. As the model of socio-public relations changes, and so does the very model of the relations of the economic order. And this phenomenon is especially grotesque in foreign economic activity. It is in its context that the author considers different periods of the automotive clusters' activity in the Kaluga region. A retrospective analysis is made. Appropriate assessments of each stage of development are given. The peculiarities of this sphere of life lie in the presence of many foreign investors, who played a favourable part in the establishment of a self-sufficient budget of the region. But any foreign investor, being oriented first of all on its own profit, at the same time is very much dependent on political aspects of the country of its original origin. And what was good for everyone yesterday, today turns into an "economic collapse" due to the replacement of economic priorities with political ambitions. The author proves that the political and economic model created by Western countries is a pseudo-model and has no long-term mutually beneficial prospects in foreign economic cooperation.
The Methodology of Logical Analysis of Socio-Economic Processes as an Instrument of Adaptation of the Russian Federation to the Conditions of the Sanctions War
Authors: Fomichev Andrei Nikolaevich
Published: March 2024

Sanctions imposed on Russia by international communities such as the European Union and the United States have serious consequences for the domestic economy. They affect international trade, financial flows and technological development. The development of a methodology for adapting to the conditions of the sanctions war becomes critical for ensuring the sustainability of the Russian economy, respectively. The chapter considers the methodology of logical analysis of socio-economic processes as a means of adapting the Russian Federation to the conditions of the sanctions war. The author considers the main problems faced by the Russian economy under sanctions and offers a methodology of logical analysis, which will help develop adaptation strategies.
Assessment of the attractiveness of the region, taking into account its agricultural specialization and ways to improve it
Authors: Frolov Andrei Aleksandrovich
Published: March 2024

The chapter is devoted to the problem of assessing and increasing the region's attractiveness to ensure the country's development in modern conditions. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that, despite significant investment in many components of the socio-economic regional system, the level of population density in the territories of agricultural area of specialisation remains low. One of the reasons is the insufficient attractiveness of the region. The purpose of the study is to clarify the concept of " region's attractiveness", to identify and selectively assess the factors that determine it. The peculiarity of the methodology is the use of comparative analysis. Based on the materials of the Oryol Oblast, we have analysed the indicators of the main attractors in the block "attractiveness for the population". It was revealed that a relatively low level of population density is explained by low indicators of attractiveness. At the same time, the presence of favourable factors should be noted.
Формы и направления корпоративного сотрудничества вузов и компаний в рамках образовательных программ естественнонаучного и инженерного профилей
Authors: Карстина С.Г.
Published: March 2024

Происходящие во всем мире процессы глобализации требуют принятия странами комплексных стратегических мер по поддержке различных форм партнерства вузов и компаний, направленных на создание технологических инноваций, проведение совместных исследований, трансфер знаний и технологий, что позволит реализовывать инфраструктурные и сетевые инициативы, интегрировать производство и образование, создавать современные корпоративные объединения, реализовывать совместные программы обучения. В соответствии с этим целью настоящей работы является анализ форм и направлений взаимодействия вузов с предприятиями и их систематизация для повышения эффективности межинституционального взаимодействия с позиций ключевых стейкхолдеров, определение путей для развития корпоративного партнерства в подготовке кадров, развития и модернизации образовательных программ, улучшения практического обучения студентов на рабочем месте. В работе были поставлены следующие задачи: 1) оценка результативности отдельных направлений партнерства между вузами и компаниями/предприятиями; 2) анализ факторов, влияющих на выбор формы и вида партнерства; 3) установление факторов, влияющих на обновление образовательных программ; 4) проектирование подходов, которые могут быть реализованы при разработке и обновлении образовательных программ; 5) определение понятия корпоративного обучения в рамках реализации образовательных программ.
Features of teaching social humanitarian disciplines at the university for students studying in English
Authors: Osintseva Yu.G.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the description of the research conducted within the framework of teaching the course “Political Science” at the Karaganda Medical University using CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) technology. In the last decade, CLIL technology has become widely used. This is a dual educational approach in which an additional language is used to study and teach a general education subject, both its content and language. Authentic materials have a special role in this approach. They help to enrich students' learning experience, broaden their horizons and acquire knowledge not only about the subject, about the contextual interdisciplinary environment, but also about specific terms in the study of the subject and their use within authentic texts. According to the results of the work the positive dynamics of the understanding of authentic texts was observed in all students to varying degrees. It should be noted that in the oral survey students repeatedly expressed interest in the prepared tasks with Indian content, which undoubtedly confirms the high motivation of students to the developed lessons with authentic material, and, consequently, to the subject and language being studied, which can serve as an incentive for further development and use of this experience.
The importance of vocabulary in teaching the language of law and ways of its assimilation
Authors: Zhanzhigitov S.Zh
Published: March 2024

The article defines the essence and structure of the professional terminological competence of future lawyers based on the study of such fundamental concepts as “linguistic competence” and “professional competence”; also identifies the main factors determining the essence of the professional terminological competence of future lawyers. The purpose and objective of the article is to consider the study of legal terms from the point of view of Kazakh linguistics, to determine the scientific and methodological foundations for the development of legal (professional) terminological competence of future lawyers. Legal terms have a number of unique characteristics that allow them to be divided into a special category. These characteristics include the abstractness of legal concepts; the ability of judicial and legal organizations to introduce new meanings of terms; the importance of judicial interpretation for the formation of the meaning of a legal terminological unit. Each term itself is connected in a certain way and takes its place among other elements of the system of terms that exist in certain relationships. A systematic approach to the study of industry terminology will undoubtedly optimize the learning process. This, in turn, reflects the consistency of scientific knowledge.
Мектепке дейінгі ересек жастағы балалардың адамгершілік мәдениетін қалыптастыру
Authors: Карманова Ж.А.
Published: March 2024

Мақалада мектепке дейінгі ересек жастағы балалардың адамгершілік мәдениетін қалыптастыру мәселесі қарастырылған. Адамгершілік тәрбие мәселесі бүгінгі күнге дейін өзекті және зерттеуде кең таралған мәселелердің бірі болды десек, онда бүгінгі қоғам дамуының қазіргі кезеңіндегі адамгершілік мәдениеті қалыптасқан жеке тұлғаға білім беру жүйесінде қойылатын әлеуметтік сұраныстарды және балаларды адамгершілік құндылықтар жүйесімен таныстыру қажеттілігін анықтайтын маңызды құндылықтардың бірі. Адамгершілік мәдениеттің қалыптасуы адамның адамгершілік жағынан өзін-өзі тәрбиелеу процесінің нәтижесі болып табылады. Авторлар әртүрлі психологиялық-педагогикалық әдебиеттердегі «адамгершілік мәдениет» түсінігіне берілген әртүрлі анықтамалар мен көзқарастарға талдау жасаған. В.А. Сластенин, И.Ф. Харламов және т.б. көптеген танымал психологтер мен педагогтер адамгершілік мәдениеттің мәнін жеке адамгершілік нормаларын, принциптерін, категорияларын, мұраттарын игеру және қабылдау деп түсінеді, сонымен бірге оның басқа адамдарға, өзіне, өзінің еңбегіне, табиғатқа деген белгілі бір қатынастарын білдіреді. Сондай-ақ, авторлар мектеп жасына дейінгі ересек кезеңін адамгершілік мәдениеттің қалыптасуына сезімтал кезеңі деп санайды. Ғалым В.А. Сухомлинскийдің пайымдауынша адамгершілік көзқарастардың өзгермейтін негізі балалық шақта пайда болады деп есептейді. Мектепке дейінгі ересек жастағы балалар адамгершілік талаптар мен ережелерді саналы түрде түсіне бастайды, өз әрекеттерінің салдарын болжай алады. Мақалада мектепке дейінгі ересек жастағы балалардың адамгершілік мәдениетін зерттеу әдістемелері мен адамгершілік қасиеттердің даму деңгейлерінің көрсеткіштері анықталып, зерттеу нәтижелері бойынша қорытынды тұжырымдар жасалды.
Opportunities for development of information competence of students in universities
Authors: Seiitkazy P.B.
Published: March 2024

Modern pedagogical education is aimed at improving future specialists’ professional competence, competitiveness, self-realization and most importantly, at providing them opportunities to do research and develop their knowledge. In this case, one of the main tasks of the educational institution is to train the future specialist to learn and study, to be able to navigate in the constantly changing flow of information, to think critically and creatively.  This is because informational competence has an important role in forming the individuality of the future specialist, in their personal experience when fulfilling professional requirements and in improving their professional qualifications.  That is the possibilities and the role of the content of elective subjects, student centers, educational institution's newspaper and official social networks as means of mass media in developing future specialists’ information competence. Domestic and foreign scientific works within the scope of the topic were studied, data were compared and systematized. Based on the analysis of the results of the student survey method, conclusions were made regarding the development of information competence of students in higher education institutions, and recommendations for the development of information competence of future teacher-psychologists were given.
Character Development Strategy for Tolerance in Islamic Boarding Schools
Authors: Muid Abdul , Shohib Muhammad , Askarullah Anas
Published: March 2024

This study aims to describe the character of tolerance and its development strategy at Mathlabul Ulum Jambu Lenteng Islamic Boarding School Sumenep. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the character of tolerance at Mathlabul Ulum Islamic Boarding School was developed through four forms, namely planting tolerance values, learning tolerance values, acculturation of tolerance, and Niha'i program. The cultivation of tolerance values has been the core strategy of the pesantren since its inception, which is motivated by the historical reality of the surrounding community, which is full of conflict and disharmony. The learning of tolerance values is integrated into the formal curriculum and the teaching of moral books. Acculturation of tolerance is done through activities that involve interaction with the community, such as gotong royong, night patrols, imamah prayers, and routine recitations. The Niha'i program, which consists of Real Work Lectures (KKN) and community service, is the culmination of tolerance character development. The strategy of developing a tolerance character is carried out through exemplary kai/caregiver, fostering tolerance values, and community service. The findings of this study confirm and strengthen the urgency of tolerance education in pesantren, as well as contribute a new perspective on a comprehensive and systematic model of tolerance character development.
Determination of the time of death of a domestic cat by measuring the area of a wet spot
Authors: Shkundia Daria , Serdioucov Jaroslav
Published: March 2024

Animal cruelty is a criminal offence under the current legislation of Ukraine. When investigating criminal proceedings related to animal cruelty, including domestic cats, it is often necessary to establish the time of death. Therefore, the development of new methods for determining it and improving existing ones is extremely relevant. The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between the obtained values of wet spot area indicators and the time of death. To achieve this goal, the authors propose a new method for determining the age of death of domestic cats based on the results of measuring the area of a wet spot obtained from skeletal muscle tissue samples of corpses (Shkundia method). To do this, samples of muscle tissue were taken from the corpses of cats, a wet spot preparation was obtained by pressing and its area was calculated to establish a correlation between the values of this indicator and the time that has passed since death. The study of the obtained indicators established that these values are constant, and the features of fluctuations in the values of this indicator with the time elapsed since the death of the animals were established and shown graphically. Using a number of statistical methods, the absence of dependence of wet spot area indicators on the muscles from which samples were taken for research and animal breeds was determined. The nature of changes in the values of the wet spot area indicator depending on time is established and the features of their fluctuations in different periods during 27 days from the moment of animal death were explained. Reference values of these indicators depending on the time elapsed since the death of animals are presented, which can be used by forensic veterinary experts in practical work to determine the time of the occurrence of death of domestic cats. Due to a number of advantages, this method can be widely implemented in the practice of forensic veterinary medicine
The nature of abdominal surgery for polycystic kidney disease in animals and the role of sonographic indicators at different stages of surgical intervention: A literature review
Authors: Dekhnych Igor , Zvenihorodska Tamila
Published: March 2024

Analysis of the method of using sonography during surgery in animals with polycystic kidney disease is an urgent task since firstly, sonography is a safe and non-invasive method of examination, which allows determining the structural features of the kidneys before, during, and after surgery. Secondly, from the standpoint of improving the results of surgery, sonography helps to clarify the localisation of cysts and determine their size. Thirdly, an important factor in the use of sonography is the reduction of pain and the risk of postoperative complications. In addition, due to this method of kidney examination, it is possible to more accurately determine the optimal route of access to cysts, which helps to reduce tissue injury and ensures rapid recovery of the animal after surgery. The purpose of the study is to analyse in detail and describe the method of using sonography during surgery in animals with polycystic kidney disease. The study focuses on the need to determine how sonography affects reducing the duration of surgery, improving the quality of cyst removal, and reducing the risk of complications during abdominal surgery. The approach in this study is based on the analysis of scientific papers on this subject, in particular on the experience of veterinarians who have already used sonography during abdominal operations in animals with polycystic kidney disease. Thus, special techniques of sonography and surgical treatment of kidney cysts include dopplerography, colour dopplerography, 3D and 4D sonography, elastography, introperative sonography, intraperitoneal sonography, and duplex scanning of renal arteries and veins. Surgical methods of treatment include extraction of individual cysts, drainage of cysts, resection, and nephrectomy. The use of sonography at different stages of surgical intervention helps to optimise the operation process, reduce the risk of complications, and contribute to the introduction of new approaches in the treatment of animals with polycystic kidney disease, which will substantially improve their quality of life
Features of exotoxin production of vaccine strains of anthrax pathogen for use in the veterinary industry
Authors: Zaviriukha Hanna , Vyshnytska Iryna , Yanenko Uliana , Sorokina Nataliia , Vasylieva Tetiana
Published: March 2024

Exotoxins that produce vaccine strains of the anthrax pathogen are the main source of immunogenicity of anti-selective vaccines used in veterinary medicine. The relevance of the study is due to the search for the most suitable vaccine strains of the anthrax pathogen to obtain high production of exotoxin as a factor of the effectiveness of drugs for the implementation of preventive and safety measures in the field of veterinary medicine. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to examine the productive properties of microbes of the Bacillus genus regarding the production of exotoxin under changes in cultivation conditions during incubation. Microbiological and biotechnological methods and comparative statistical analysis are used to examine vaccine strains of the anthrax pathogen. Strains are selected according to the intensity of growth on nutrient media. A biotechnological approach to obtaining a specific anthrax protein is used to analyse the production of exotoxin by vaccine strains of the anthrax pathogen. When cultured on identical nutrient media, the vaccine strains produce different amounts of exotoxin. Virulent (B. anthracis IBM-92 Z), vaccine (B. anthracis K-79 Z, B. anthracis Sterne 34F 2, B. anthracis 55, B. anthracis SB. anthracis Tsenkovsky II) strains, and anthrax cultures (B. cereus 8035, B. anthracoides 67, B. subtilis BKM 17) are examined. In the course of experimental work, it is determined that the production of exotoxin of various anthrax pathogen strains depends on the medium’s pH. It is established that with identical pH values of the medium and cultivation conditions, the highest production of exotoxin was shown by the vaccine strain B. anthracis K-79 Z. The titer of a specific anthrax protein was 1:64. Changes in the pH of the medium during the cultivation of strains affect the amount of exotoxin formation – the main factor in the formation of specific immunity against the anthrax pathogen. The results of the study can be applied by specialists of the veterinary service to select antigen producers in the development of new drugs against anthrax in animals based on exotoxins
Музична терапія як метод навчання та розвитку молодших школярів за умов воєнного стану
Authors: Швець Ірина , Василевська-Скупа Людмила , Кравцова Наталія
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the ways of introducing methods of music therapy into the educational process of primary school. The essence and role of mu­sic therapy as an innovative health-saving technology for working with younger schoolchildren are defined. The article states that war, as the strongest stress factor, poses a real threat to the psychological and physical health of children. Psychological trauma caused by adverse en­vironmental factors can nega­tively affect the reactions and intellectual development of children, lead to undesirable behavior, emotional insta­bility, and depres­sion. In the conditions of martial law, the school should become the re­source place where the care of the child is based in the context of helping him adapt to the circumstances in which he or she finds himself. Today's challenges require improving the edu­cation and development of younger students through the use of health-saving ap­proaches and methods.
It has been established that music therapy, being a component of psy­cho­logi­cal, pedagogical and psychotherapeutic methods, contributes to the preser­vation of mental health and the prevention of emotional disor­ders. It has a positive effect on a person's mood, on functional activity and perfor­mance, on his entire spiritual world.
A definition of the concept of «music therapy» has been proposed, taking into account different scientific views. The article presents a classifica­tion of methods of modern music therapy in relation to the patient's ac­tivity or type of training. It has been established that the methods of mu­sic therapy can be integrated into pedagogical concepts and actions containing musi­cal, psycho­logical and social processes of learning and development, since it opens up opportunities to take care of the child in a multifaceted way, taking into ac­count all his/her characteristics, devel­opmental needs and in­dividual prob­lems. It is noted that in order to opti­mize the process of per­sonal development of the child, it is necessary to allow two areas to conduct a dialogue.
Music-therapeutic methods of instrumental, vocal, motor improvisation, per­formance of ready-made musical works, receptive listening to music are high­lighted. A selection of musical works for work with younger stu­dents is pre­sented. The effectiveness of the influence of music therapy methods as a non-verbal form of correction on the personality of a junior schoolchild is noted.
Model prawny odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych w Polsce
Authors: Pest Przemysław
Published: March 2024

Artykuł ma charakter poglądowy. Jego podstawowym celem jest przedstawienie modelu praw­nego odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych w Polsce, na który to model składają się: zakres podmiotowy i przedmiotowy odpowiedzialności, zasady odpowiedzialności, sankcje prawne oraz procedura postępowania w sprawach o naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych. Dodatkowym celem niniejszego tekstu jest zaprezentowanie naukowcom spoza Polski najważniejszej polskiej literatury naukowej dotyczącej odpowiedzialności za naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych.
РОЛЬ ЦИФРОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПІДВИЩЕННІ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ МЕХАНІЗМІВ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ УПРАВЛІННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНИМИ КОНФЛІКТАМИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: СТАДНІЙЧУК Роман
Published: March 2024

In the article, the role of digital technologies in enhancing the efficiency of mechanisms implementing public policy for managing social conflicts in Ukraine is examined. The analysis underscores the importance of utilizing digital innovations, such as e-governance, mobile applications, and digital platforms, in fostering interaction between civil society and the government. The advantages of digital tools, including increased transparency, active citizen participation, and prompt response to social conflicts, are highlighted. Emphasis is placed on how the development of digital literacy in the population contributes to the implementation of innovations and the establishment of a sustainable mechanism for managing social conflicts in Ukraine.
It is emphasized that Ukraine, with its multi-layered socio-cultural environment, faces unique challenges in the realm of social conflicts. Digital technologies, considering the peculiarities of the national context, can act as a catalyst for improving understanding among various social groups, providing broader access to information, and enabling the expression of diverse perspectives.
In the conclusions of the article, the potential of digital technologies as tools for constructively resolving social conflicts and strengthening social coordination is highlighted. The importance of continued investments in digital infrastructure and programs for the development of digital literacy is underscored for the sustainable implementation of digital mechanisms for managing social conflicts in Ukrainian society.
Combatting human trafficking of people with disabilities for begging in Ethiopia
Authors:   Population Council
Published: March 2024

Population Council researchers and partners, ECDD and ELDA, are conducting a 4-year project to understand the patterns, practices and forms of begging in Ethiopia and to utilize the evidence to develop evidence-based interventions that prevent and protect those at risk of, and prosecute those perpetuating, forced begging of persons with disabilities.
A 58-year-old man with progressive dyspnea suffering from Munier-Kuhn syndrome
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur St, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Park Gippeum , Anna Muzaffar ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur St, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Zhang Ken Karl ,   Department of Intervention Radiology, Thomas Jefferson Medical College 11 Waverly PHB, New York, NY 10003, Erkinovich Uralboev Ikromjon ,   Uralboev Ikromjon Erkinovich3 Dept. of Orthopedic-Thoracic, Children multibranch medical center of Samarkand region, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2024

A 58-year-old man who was a former smoker and had a 20-pack-year smoking history presented to the hospital with worsening shortness of breath. Pulmonary function tests revealed mixed obstructive-restrictive physiology. Forced vital capacity (FVC) was predicted at 68%, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) at 60% was predicted, FEV1/FVC at 67% was predicted, and Carbon monoxide (DLCO) diffusion capacity is expected to be 70%.Chest images show increased interstitial density around the hilum. There is massive tracheobronchiomegaly with a tortuous appearance in the airways. There is also a small degree of parenchymal scarring and fibrosis-like reticular perihilar interstitial opacity. CT images show traction bronchiectasis is a finding in the setting of fibrotic lung disease. When lung tissue becomes inelastic due to the formation of dense fibrosis, the airways appear blocked and dilated. Although this patient has dilated airways, the bronchiectasis is greater than the small amount of parenchymal fibrosis seen. Therefore, this process is not caused by parenchymal fibrosis, but rather by inherent pathology of the airway wall. The most frequently reported symptoms of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome are severe cough, difficulty breathing, and recurrent respiratory infections. Patients may complain of chest pain and hemoptysis, but systemic symptoms are rare and require immediate investigation for other diseases. Pulmonary function tests often reveal obstructive pulmonary disease, but in advanced stages there may be limited parenchymal changes, resulting in a mixed appearance, as in a patient's case. Because airway changes are considered irreversible, treatment is aimed at managing symptoms and reducing long-term complications. Recommended lifestyle modifications include quitting smoking and avoiding irritants/particulates. Concurrent COPD or asthma is addressed to limit further morbidity. The infection is treated aggressively, usually requiring broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat atypical infections. The use of expectorants and chest physiotherapy is considered helpful in preventing recurrent infections. Tracheal stenting may be considered if there are specific airways prone to collapse, but the spread of airway involvement limits its potential utility.
Efectele pozitive ale stresului oxidativ | [Oxidative stress benefits on human health]
Authors: Horhocea (Ștefan) Mihaela , Horhocea Daniel , Marin-Ștefan Gabriela , Chelmea Ligia , Badea Mihaela
Published: March 2024

Introduction. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactive species and the body's antioxidant defense capacity. It is involved in the etiopathogenesis of many diseases such as diabetes, and neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Objective/Aims: The purpose of this article is to highlight both the beneficial effects of oxidative stress and the risks of excessive consumption of substances with antioxidant capacity Materials and Methods: Results: Free radicals alter the essential functions of cells, causing: inactivation of cellular enzymes and receptors, changes in cell permeability. If not neutralized, oxidative stress causes lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is the main subject of many studies, many of them based on the negative effects it produces in the body, both at the molecular and cellular levels, so the positive effects are ignored.
Rezumat
Introducere: Stresul oxidativ reprezintă un dezechilibru între producția de specii reactive și capacitatea de apărare antioxidantă a organismului. Acesta este implicat în etiopatogenia multor afecțiuni cum ar fi diabetul zaharat, bolile neurologice, cardiovasculare. Obiectiv principal al studiului: Scopul acestui articol este de a evidenția atât efectele benefice ale stresului oxidativ, cât și riscurile consumului în exces a substanțelor cu capacitate antioxidantă Material și metodă: Rezultate: Radicalii liberi modifică funcțiile esențiale ale celulelor determinând: inactivarea enzimelor și a receptorilor celulari, modificări ale permeabilității celulare. Dacă nu este neutralizat, stresul oxidativ determină peroxidarea lipidelor, oxidarea ADN-ului. Concluzii: Stresul oxidativ este subiectul principal pentru multe studii, multe dintre ele bazându-se pe efectele negative pe care le produce în organism, atât la nivel molecular cât și la nivel celular, astfel efectele pozitive sunt ignorate.
Development of an Adaptive Higher Education Management Model with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Indriastuti Fenny , Sahib Abdul , Nuraini Rini
Published: March 2024

Higher education is the main pillar in building superior human resources in the era of globalization. The development of an adaptive higher education management model has become essential and global in the current era. However, the complexity of the challenges faced by higher education institutions in managing internal and external dynamics in their development. For this reason, an adaptive higher education management model has been developed using artificial intelligence. The aim of this research is to design and implement a responsive management model, utilizing artificial intelligence to increase operational efficiency and effectiveness. The research method was carried out through literature analysis, case studies, and system prototype development. By integrating artificial intelligence technology, this model is able to identify behavioral patterns, forecast trends, and provide real-time information to support managerial decision making. The research results show improvements in resource management, scheduling, and adaptation to changing dynamics of higher education. The integration of artificial intelligence accelerates the decision-making process, increases the efficiency of resource management, and overall, provides a strong foundation to address the complex dynamics of the world of higher education. The conclusion of this research states that there is great potential for artificial intelligence in the higher education management process. The resulting adaptive model is able to bring operational efficiency, enabling educational institutions to be more responsive to student needs and environmental dynamics. Thus, developing this model can be a strategic step to increase the competitiveness and relevance of higher education institutions in this modern era. Hopefully this research can be a benchmark for other research in conducting research.
Physical therapy for injuries of the temporomandibular joint
Authors: Kosharna Anastasiia , Khudetskyy Igor , Mykhalchenko Serhii
Published: March 2024

injuries of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pose significant challenges to patients' well-being and require comprehensive treatment strategies. Physical therapy has emerged as a vital component in the management of TMJ injuries, with its efficacy increasingly recognized in clinical practice. This review provides a thorough summarize of physical therapy interventions for TMJ injuries, focusing on their role in restoring joint function and improving patient outcomes. Additionally, this review explores emerging trends and future directions in TMJ physical therapy, including advancements in technology and novel treatment modalities. Through a synthesis of current research and clinical evidence, the review explores various physical therapy modalities, including exercises, manual therapy techniques, and patient education programs. Additionally, the review discusses the mechanisms of action underlying physical therapy interventions and their impact on TMJ mobility, pain reduction, and overall quality of life. The relevance of physical therapy in the multidisciplinary approach to TMJ injury management is emphasized, highlighting its potential to complement other treatment modalities such as pharmacotherapy and surgical interventions. Furthermore, the review addresses considerations for optimizing physical therapy protocols, including patient selection, treatment duration, and therapist expertise. Overall, this review underscores the importance of physical therapy in the comprehensive care of TMJ injuries and provides insights into its implementation for clinicians and researchers alike. Considerations for patient-centered care and shared decision-making are also addressed, recognizing the importance of individualized treatment plans tailored to patient preferences and goals. By providing a comprehensive overview of physical therapy for TMJ injuries, this review aims to inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers about the evolving landscape of TMJ management and promote evidence-based practice for improved patient outcomes and quality of life.
Comparison of methods of non-mechanical pressure measurement in the cuff of an endotracheal tube
Authors: Sadovyi Valentyn , Kuchyn Iurii
Published: March 2024

Bronchoscopy is a diagnostic and follow-up procedure. Despite the fact that this manipulation itself is minimally invasive, it can be a difficult test for both the patient and the doctor. Therefore, this manipulation definitely requires anesthesia and sedation. This study compared dexmedetomidine and propofol sedation methods during diagnostic bronchoscopy to assess their safety, effectiveness, and satisfaction. The results show a high level of safety of both methods, although some significant differences affecting the choice of sedation method were found. 32 patients participated in the study, divided into two groups depending on the used method of sedation: propofol or dexmedetomidine. Pulse oximetry, heart rate, capnography parameters were measured, the number and severity of iatrogenic lesions of the trachea, as well as the satisfaction of care and doctors were assessed. In some groups, there was a high level of safety of sedation. Dexmedetomidine sedation was associated with fewer cough episodes and greater satisfaction, but had a longer induction time with propofol. A low incidence of serious complications was observed in both groups. Dexmedetomidine can be considered a safe and effective sedation option for diagnostic bronchoscopy, offering additional benefits such as reduced cough episodes and increased patient satisfaction. The choice of the sedation method is based on the individual characteristics of the patient and the available resources of the hospital.
Innovative features of the modern role of artificial intelligence in surgery
Authors: Bilodid Vladyslav , Welgan Katarzyna
Published: March 2024

the article is dedicated to exploring innovative aspects of contemporary trends in the application of artificial intelligence in surgery. The paper provides an analysis of the scientific discourse regarding the impact of artificial intelligence on the development of surgical techniques and the improvement of diagnostic accuracy and surgical intervention effectiveness. The aim of the article is to examine and analyze the innovative features of artificial intelligence in modern surgery. To assess the current state of research on the use of Artificial Intelligence in surgery, a systematic search of scientific publications in various databases was conducted. The information from selected publications was then systematized and integrated to identify key trends in the use of AI in surgery and to synthesize the results for determining innovative aspects and challenges. The article includes an analysis comparing contemporary software products of robotic surgical systems based on artificial intelligence algorithms. The achieved results in this review and analysis of innovative features of artificial intelligence in surgery indicate a significant contribution of this technology to modern medical practice, where the use of artificial intelligence in surgery contributes to a substantial improvement in diagnostic accuracy and surgical planning, thereby affecting the overall efficiency of medical interventions.
Analysis of the quality of provision of physical therapy services in a children's preschool
Authors: Prysiazhnyk Ulyana , Vovkanych Andriy
Published: March 2024

modern society is progressing very quickly. An intensive process is taking place automation and computerization of basic household items, training and development. The impact of these trends on the health of preschool and younger children is relevant schoolchildren The age period of 3-6 years is critical for the formation of correct posture and arch of the feet, because in this age range the muscular and bone systems that form the musculoskeletal system of a person. Pathological changes in the supporting of the motor apparatus are most often found in older preschool and younger children school age The main factor influencing the development of these pathologies can be consider the weakness of the muscular system, since the muscles at this age are characterized high tensile strength and, as a result, do not provide reliable fixation bones Bone tissue, in turn, is characterized by less hardness, greater plasticity, they are more easily deformed under the influence of external factors. Taking into account the listed factors, active attention should be paid to physical development children in this age period, as well as take into account all these features during development educational programs and programs of corrective and preventive orientation, which used in children's preschools, especially in specialized ones where the child is present almost every day, as well as where it is possible to provide professional, regular and timely influence for a positive solution to the problem. Goal research: to analyze the quality of provision of physical therapy services in the nursery preschool institution of a specialized type before and after the implementation of the experimental one rehabilitation programs for children with flat-valgus foot deformity. Methods research: analysis and generalization of data from an anonymous survey of parents regarding the quality of providing physical therapy services in a specialized children's preschool type Obtained results: the results of an anonymous survey of parents were analyzed regarding the quality of provision of physical therapy services within a children's preschool institution specialized type (the survey was conducted separately for control and of the experimental group before and after the start of the physical therapy program completion of 12 weeks, as the experimental program was carried out during this term). The practical value of scientific work: based on an anonymous survey of parents regarding the quality of provision of physical therapy services in a children's preschool institution of a specialized type, developed and implemented in the preschooler's daily regime experimental program of physical therapy for children with flat-valgus deformity stop.
Myocardial dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the speckle-tracking echocardiography and its relationship with the clinical characteristics of the disease
Authors: Uzun Kateryna , Batushkin Valeriy , Gnylorybov Аndriy , Uzun Dmytro , Krivosheya Alina , Potapov Yuriy
Published: March 2024

patients with RA have an approximately 50% increased risk of cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death. Cardiovascular diseases lead to a decrease in life expectancy, and the determination of the mechanisms of myocardial damage in patients with RA is of great importance for the development of methods for the early prevention of heart failure. The aim of our study was to study myocardial dysfunction using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) in patients with RA and to find out possible correlations with the course of the disease and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Materials and methods. 29 RA patients were examined (5 in remission, 17.2%). Rheumatoid factor (RF), the level of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides (a-CRP), quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP) was determined in the blood of all patients, and echocardiography and speckle-tracking echocardiography were performed to determine indicators of longitudinal deformation of the left ventricle. Disease activity was determined using the DAS28 index (CRP) and other functional and laboratory indicators. The results. The study of STE indicators is much better than "classical" echocardiography, revealing latent preclinical heart lesions. We established a significant decrease in Global Longitudinal Strain in the basal anterior and basal antero-septal segments (-17.24±3.01% and 15.94±9.37%, respectively) and preservation of local strain in the apical and middle segments (respectively -26.95+4.95% and -21.69+3.05%). In general, 41.2% of patients with RA had lesions of the basal segments. When analyzing the correlation between disease activity and deformation in STE, an inverse relationship between the DAS28 index and apical deformation (API Strain) was established (r=-0.50, р=0.06). The highest correlations were found between STE and functional status of disease: HAQ-DI score (r=-0.51, p=0.05) and VAS activity (r=-0.64, p=0.01). Conclusions. Functional activity according to the HAQ-DI score and VAS had a significantly greater relationship with preclinical manifestations of heart damage (detected by STE) than standard cardio-vascular risk factors. It is necessary to continue the search for other important factors that can lead to the formation of heart lesions and are related to both the activity of the disease and the functional status of patients. It is expedient to conduct comparative studies of STE in RA and coronary artery disease to clarify the differences in the processes of formation of myocardial damage.
Polymorphism rs1799983 of the eNOS gene in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Savicheva Kateryna , Nesen Andrii , Semenovykh Polina
Published: March 2024

Nowadays diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable human diseases after cardiovascular and oncological pathology, leading to disability and death. Establishing the association of the rs1799983 polymorphism of the eNOS gene with the development and progression of diabetes mellitus and further assessment of individual genetic risk is important for the development of a differentiated approach to the prevention and treatment of this pathology and its complications, depending on the hereditary predisposition of a particular patient. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of the rs1799983 polymorphism of the eNOS gene in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with nephropathy and to identify a possible association between the course of the disease and the genetic profile of the subjects. Materials and methods: 126 patients with diabetic nephropathy were examined during the study, and the control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. Deoxyribonucleic acids were isolated from blood by the standard method using the NeoPrep50 reagent kit (Neogen, Ukraine). Genotyping of the rs1799983 polymorphism of the eNOS gene was performed by TaqMan technology using the Taq-Man® Fast Universal PCR Master Mix and TaqMan® SNP Assay. Statistical analysis of genetic associations was performed using the SNP Stats program. Results: in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic nephropathy, the distribution of genotypes was as follows: G/G - 63.5 %, G/T – 33,3 % і T/T – 3,2 %. The distribution of allelic variants in this group of patients was as follows: G allele - 80.2%, T allele - 19.8%. In the control group, according to the results of our study, the G/G genotype of the rs1799983 polymorphism of the eNOS gene was 85.0%, G/T - 10.0% and T/T - 5.0%. The frequency of the D allele was 90.0%, and the T allele was 10.0%. Data analysis using the online program SNPStats demonstrated a significant difference in the frequency of genotypes and alleles of the studied polymorphism in the group of patients with diabetic nephropathy compared with controls, which corresponds to the dominant model of inheritance of the HR 0.31 (0.09-0.99); p=0.045. Conclusions: in patients with diabetic nephropathy, the distribution of genotypes of the rs 1799983 polymorphism of the eNOS gene corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all studied groups and did not differ significantly from European populations. In the group of patients with type 2 diabetes with nephropathy, the total frequency of G/T and T/T genotypes of the eNOS gene was 3 times higher than in the control group, which proves the undeniable influence of the T allele on the development of kidney damage in this cohort of patients.