bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical note: Quantification of neurocranial shape variation using the shortest paths connecting pairs of anatomical landmarks
Authors: Morita Yusuke , Ogihara Naomichi , Kanai Takashi , Suzuki Hiromasa
Published: July 2013

Three‐dimensional geometric morphometric techniques have been widely used in quantitative comparisons of craniofacial morphology in humans and nonhuman primates. However, few anatomical landmarks can actually be defined on the neurocranium. In this study, an alternative method is proposed for defining semi‐landmarks on neurocranial surfaces for use in detailed analysis of cranial shape. Specifically, midsagittal, nuchal, and temporal lines were approximated using Bezier curves and equally spaced points along each of the curves were defined as semi‐landmarks. The shortest paths connecting pairs of anatomical landmarks as well as semi‐landmarks were then calculated in order to represent the surface morphology between landmarks using equally spaced points along the paths. To evaluate the efficacy of this method, the previously outlined technique was used in morphological analysis of sexual dimorphism in modern Japanese crania. The study sample comprised 22 specimens that were used to generate 110 anatomical semi‐landmarks, which were used in geometric morphometric analysis. Although variations due to sexual dimorphism in human crania are very small, differences could be identified using the proposed landmark placement, which demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed method. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:658–666, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Postnatal temporal bone ontogeny in Pan, Gorilla, and Homo, and the implications for temporal bone ontogeny in Australopithecus afarensis
Authors: Terhune Claire E. , Kimbel William H. , Lockwood Charles A.
Published: July 2013

Assessments of temporal bone morphology have played an important role in taxonomic and phylogenetic evaluations of fossil taxa, and recent three‐dimensional analyses of this region have supported the utility of the temporal bone for testing taxonomic and phylogenetic hypotheses. But while clinical analyses have examined aspects of temporal bone ontogeny in humans, the ontogeny of the temporal bone in non‐human taxa is less well documented. This study examines ontogenetic allometry of the temporal bone in order to address several research questions related to the pattern and trajectory of temporal bone shape change during ontogeny in the African apes and humans. We further apply these data to a preliminary analysis of temporal bone ontogeny in Australopithecus afarensis. Three‐dimensional landmarks were digitized on an ontogenetic series of specimens of Homo sapiens, Pan troglodytes, Pan paniscus, and Gorilla gorilla. Data were analyzed using geometric morphometric methods, and shape changes throughout ontogeny in relation to size were compared. Results of these analyses indicate that, despite broadly similar patterns, African apes and humans show marked differences in development of the mandibular fossa and tympanic portions of the temporal bone. These findings indicate divergent, rather than parallel, postnatal ontogenetic allometric trajectories for temporal bone shape in these taxa. The pattern of temporal bone shape change with size exhibited by A. afarensis showed some affinities to that of humans, but was most similar to extant African apes, particularly Gorilla. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:630–642, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Study on the Structure of Ternary Compounds AMn2X2 (A: Ba, Ca, and Y; X: Sn, Ge, and Si).
Authors: Soliman S.
Published: July 2013

Band structure calculations are used to identify the electronic, structural, and magnetic properties of the layered ternary title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Ternary K2Zn5As4‐Type Pnictides Rb2Cd5As4 and Rb2Zn5Sb4, and the Solid Solution Rb2Cd5(As,Sb)4.
Authors: He Hua , Stoyko Stanislav S. , Mar Arthur , Bobev Svilen
Published: July 2013

Rb2Cd5As4 (I), Rb2Zn5Sb4 (II) and the solid solution Rb2Cd5(As,Sb)4 (III) are prepared by melting of the elements (Nb tubes in evacuated silica ampule; (I): 923 K, 7 d, ice quenching, (II): 823 K, 10 d, cooling rate 3 K/h).
ChemInform Abstract: A New Oxyfluorotellurate(IV), InTe2O5F.
Authors: Boukharrata Nefla Jennene , Duclere Jean‐Rene , Laval Jean‐Paul , Thomas Philippe
Published: July 2013

Single crystals of InTe2O5F are prepared by solid state reaction of a mixture of InF3 and TeO2 in the molar ratio of 1:2.5 (Pt tube, 673 K, 2 d, stepwise (20 K) cooling to 573 K, 2 d per step).
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structures and Stability of K2ThF6 and K7Th6F31 on Compression.
Authors: Grzechnik Andrzej , Underwood Christopher C. , Kolis Joseph W. , Friese Karen
Published: July 2013

Single crystals of K2ThF6 (I) and K7Th6F31 (II) are prepared hydrothermally from a mixture of ThF4, KF, and KHF2 (Ag ampoules, autoclave, 575 °C, 3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: X‐Ray Single‐Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of KMn(H2O)5Ru2 (CO3)4·5H2O: A Layered Soft Magnet.
Authors: Wang Dan , Liu Bin , Jin Jin , Liu Xue‐Mei , Jia Yan‐Yan , Xue Gang‐Lin
Published: July 2013

The title compound is obtained from an aqueous solution of K3Ru2(CO3)4 and MnSO4 (10 °C, several weeks, 34% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis, Magnetism and Resistivity of Orthorhombic Perovskite Manganates Y1‐xCaxMnO3 (x = 0, 0.07, 0.55, 0.65).
Authors: Zhou Zhiqiang , Guo Li , Ye Feng
Published: July 2013

Orthorhombic Y1‐xCaxMnO3 (x = 0, 0.07, 0.55, 0.65) crystals are prepared by mild hydrothermal synthesis (autoclave, 240 °C, 3 d) starting with MnCl2 and a precursor precipitated with KOH from an aqueous solutions of KMnO4, Y(NO3)3, and Ca(NO3)2.
ChemInform Abstract: The Bonding Nature and Low‐Dimensional Magnetic Properties of Layered Mixed Cu(II)—Ni(II) Hydroxy Double Salts.
Authors: Park Seong‐Hun , Huh Young‐Duk
Published: July 2013

The compounds (Cu0.75Ni0.25)2 (OH)3NO3 (I) and Cu2(OH)3NO3 (II) are prepared by slow hydrolysis of CuO with aqueous solutions of Ni(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2, resp.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Li3V2 (PO4)3—LiMnPO4 Composite Cathode Material for Lithium‐ion Batteries.
Authors: Yun Jin‐Shik , Kim Soo , Cho Byung‐Won , Lee Kwan‐Young , Chung Kyung Yoon , Chang Wonyoung
Published: July 2013

Carbon coated title composite cathodes for lithium ion batteries are mechanochemically prepared from mixtures of Mn2V2O7, Li2CO3, (NH4)2PO4, and sucrose, followed by firing at 800 °C for 10 h in a flowing 5% H2/Ar gas stream.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Characterization of Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Nickel Hexacyanoferrate for Fuel Cell Application.
Authors: Choi Kwang‐Hyun , Shokouhimehr Mohammadreza , Kang Yun Sik , Chung Dong Young , Chung Young‐Hoon , Ahn Minjeh , Sung Yung‐Eun
Published: July 2013

Nickel hexacyanoferrate supported palladium nanoparticles are synthesized from mixtures of nickel hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles, L‐ascorbic acid, and Pd(NO3)2 in EtOH (Ar, 80 °C, 3 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Zirconia Based Catalysts.
Authors: Caillot T. , Salama Z. , Chanut N. , Santos Aires F. J. Cadete , Bennici S. , Auroux A.
Published: July 2013

The mixed oxides ZrO2/CeO2, ZrO2/TiO2, and ZrO2/La2O3 are hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous mixtures of ZrOCl2, NH4OH, and TiCl4, or LaCl3, or CeCl3 (autoclave, pH 10, 220 °C, 4 h, followed by calcination at 500 °C in air for 10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: SrAgZn and EuAgZn with KHg2‐Type Structure—Structure, Magnetic Properties, and 151Eu Moessbauer Spectroscopy.
Authors: Gerke Birgit , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Niehaus Oliver , Poettgen Rainer
Published: July 2013

The new title compounds are prepared from the elements (Ta crucibles, argon, 1123—1473 K for 3—12 min and 773—1073 K for 2 h—5 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Bioinspired Construction of a Spirocyclohexadienone Moiety via Sodium Nitrite Catalyzed Aerobic Intramolecular Oxidative Phenol Coupling.
Authors: Su Bo , Deng Meng , Wang Qingmin
Published: July 2013

Resulting spiro compounds can be further transformed by Lewis acid catalyzed rearrangement reactions into phenanthryl ester (III) and (IV) as well as dibenzoazepines (VII) and (X) which are often difficult to obtain.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Olefination of N‐Allyl Sulfonamides.
Authors: Hu Shui , Wang Dongqi , Liu Jiexiang , Li Xingwei
Published: July 2013

The Rh‐catalyzed coupling of N‐allyl sulfonamides (I) with alkyl acrylates (II) in the presence of silver acetate as an oxidant yields (Z,E)‐dienes (III) as sole reaction products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized Allenamides from Ynamides by Enolate Claisen Rearrangement.
Authors: Brioche Julien , Meyer Christophe , Cossy Janine
Published: July 2013

The utility of the synthesized 3‐pyrrolines (IV) is exemplified by their transformation into substituted pyrrolidines.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorine‐Copper Exchange Reaction of α,β,γ,γ,γ‐Pentafluorocrotonates with Organocuprates: Generation of Cross‐Coupling Reactions of β‐Metalated α,γ,γ,γ‐Tetrafluorocrotonates.
Authors: Yamada Shigeyuki , Takahashi Toshio , Konno Tsutsomu , Ishihara Takashi
Published: July 2013

The title compounds are readily converted to various types of β‐substituted products by treating with electrophiles, such as iodine and allylic bromides.
ChemInform Abstract: cis‐Selective Preparation of 2,2‐Difluorocyclopropyl Ketones via Non‐Metal Hydride Reduction of 2,2‐Difluorocyclopropenyl Ketones.
Authors: Zheng Zhaoyun , Dolbier William R. Jr.
Published: July 2013

The title compounds (II) are obtained using Hantzsch ester as the hydride transfer reagent under Broensted acid catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Mediated Trifluoromethylation—Iodination of Arynes.
Authors: Zeng Yuwen , Zhang Laijun , Zhao Yanchuan , Ni Chuanfa , Zhao Jingwei , Hu Jinbo
Published: July 2013

An unprecedented vicinal trifluoromethylation‐iodination of arynes in a single step to give ortho‐trifluoromethyl iodoarenes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Oxidative Heck/Dehydrogenation Reactions of Cyclohexenones: Efficient Access to meta‐Substituted Phenols.
Authors: Izawa Yusuke , Zheng Changwu , Stahl Shannon S.
Published: July 2013

Optimized conditions are elaborated which allow the preparation of various substituted phenols.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Multiple Stereocenters by Using a Double Aldol Reaction.
Authors: Shimoda Yasushi , Kubo Tatsunori , Sugiura Masaharu , Kotani Shunsuke , Nakajima Makoto
Published: July 2013

The reaction of alkyl methyl ketones with aromatic aldehydes under the conditions shown affords dihydroxyketones with high stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Deprotection of 1,3‐Oxathiolanes to Ketones Promoted by Base.
Authors: Du Biao , Yuan Changchun , Zhang Langzhong , Yang Li , Liu Bo
Published: July 2013

The efficient method proceeds with excellent selectivity towards acid‐labile protecting groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and Scalable Synthesis of Ketones via Nucleophilic Grignard Addition to Nitriles Using Continuous Flow Chemistry
Authors: Mateos Carlos , Rincon Juan A. , Villanueva Jose
Published: July 2013

18 examples
ChemInform Abstract: A Stereocontrolled 1,2‐Addition Reaction of Tetrazoles with Alkyl Propiolates for the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Enamines.
Authors: Luo Kai , Meng Lingguo , Zhang Yicheng , Zhang Xiuli , Wang Lei
Published: July 2013

The reaction is catalyzed by Ag2O and proceeds with complete (Z)‐selectivity [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Addition of Aryloxy Ethynyl Lithium Derivatives to N‐Sulfinyl Imines.
Authors: Verrier Charlie , Carret Sebastien , Poisson Jean‐Francois
Published: July 2013

Aryloxypropargyl sulfinamides (III) are efficiently obtained, in most cases with high diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Michael Addition of 1,3‐Bis(phenylthio)propan‐2‐one to Nitroalkenes Employing Takemoto′s Thioureas Catalyst.
Authors: Ansari Samira , Raabe Gerhard , Enders Dieter
Published: July 2013

The products (III) and (IV) are isolated as mixtures.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Sulfoximines and Alkynes.
Authors: Wang Long , Huang He , Priebbenow Daniel L. , Pan Fang‐Fang , Bolm Carsten
Published: July 2013

Various yne‐sulfoximes are prepared under mild conditions using molecular oxygen as the oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of Terminal Phenylpentenes in a Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Metathesis Reaction: Construction of Linear Bifunctional C‐8 Alkenes.
Authors: Stefane Bogdan , Pozgan Franc
Published: July 2013

The behavior of phenylpentenes in the presence of Hoveyda—Grubbs second generation catalyst is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of 1‐Naphthyl Ketones by an ansa‐Ru(II) Complex of a DPEN‐SO2N(Me)‐(CH2)2 (η6‐p‐Tol) Combined Ligand.
Authors: Kisic Andrea , Stephan Michel , Mohar Barbara
Published: July 2013

The catalyst is generated in situ from the corresponding shelf‐stable chlorido Ru(II) dimer.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Indene Frameworks via Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization of Aromatic Ketone and Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Shi Xian‐Ying , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: July 2013

A novel Rh(III)‐catalyzed direct functionalization of the ortho‐C—H bond of aromatic ketones followed by an intramolecular cyclization gives indene derivatives in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Diaryl‐Substituted Spirocyclohexanonepyrazolones Through a Cascade [4 + 2] Double Michael Addition.
Authors: Zhang Jin‐Xin , Li Nai‐Kai , Liu Zhao‐Min , Huang Xiao‐Fei , Geng Zhi‐Cong , Wang Xing‐Wang
Published: July 2013

The reaction requires an aromatic α,β‐unsaturated ketone and an aromatic substituent at the alkenic side chain of the pyrazolone.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium Chloride Mediated Chlorolactonization: Construction of Chlorinated Lactone Fragments.
Authors: Abe Hideki , Fukazawa Naoki , Kobayashi Toyoharu , Ito Hisanaka
Published: July 2013

The synthetic application of the new title methodology is demonstrated on the construction of the compound (XX) possessing the framework of norsesquiterpenoid paralemnolin A (XXI).
ChemInform Abstract: Broensted Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric SN2‐Type O‐Alkylations.
Authors: Coric Ilija , Kim Ji Hye , Vlaar Tjoestil , Patil Mahendra , Thiel Walter , List Benjamin
Published: July 2013

Racemic benzylic ethers undergo intramolecular SN2‐type alkylation in the presence of a TRIP phosphoric acid catalyst to give tetrahydrofuran derivatives with excellent enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Nucleophilic Addition‐Intramolecular Oxa‐Michael Reaction: Novel Synthetic Route to Trifluoromethylated Phthalans.
Authors: Yuan Hongling , Gong Yuefa
Published: July 2013

A wide range of trifluoromethylated phthalans (III) is synthesized under mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Pyrrole Synthesis via Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloaddition of Vinylogous Diazoester and Nitrile.
Authors: Billedeau Roland J. , Klein Klara R. , Kaplan Daniel , Lou Yan
Published: July 2013

A new synthesis of di‐ and trisubstituted pyrroles is achieved by treating vinylogous diazoesters and readily available nitriles with a catalytic amount of silver(I) antimony hexafluoride.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Tryptamines as Core Components of Central Nervous System Drugs and Indole Natural Products.
Authors: Hanessian Stephen , Stoffman Elia J. L.
Published: July 2013

The reaction of indole (I) with unsaturated aldehyde (II) in the presence of MacMillan′s catalyst leads to 3‐substituted indole adduct (III), which is readily converted into late‐stage intermediate (VI) of migraine drug prototype NXN274.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Direct Denitrogenative C‐3‐Arylation of 1H‐Indoles with Arylhydrazines Using Air as the Oxidant.
Authors: Chen Yongxin , Guo Shuaibo , Li Kangning , Qu Jinpeng , Yuan Hua , Hua Qiuru , Chen Baohua
Published: July 2013

The reaction can be scaled up.
ChemInform Abstract: Extending the Versatility of the Hemetsberger—Knittel Indole Synthesis Through Microwave and Flow Chemistry.
Authors: Ranasinghe Nadeesha , Jones Graham B.
Published: July 2013

A wide range of substituted and unsubstituted indoles and heterocyclic variants are obtained by microwave mediated Hemetsberger—Knittel cyclizations and tandem cyclization‐decarboxylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted 6‐Amino‐4‐(2,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐[1,2]dithiolo[4,3‐b]pyrrol‐5‐ones and Their Raising Leukocyte Count Activities.
Authors: Tan Xiangduan , Li Chungang , Yu Zhenpeng , Wang Panfeng , Nian Siyun , Deng Yifang , Wu Wei , Wang Guoping
Published: July 2013

A series of new title compounds (XIII), (XVI), (XVII) is synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Internal Alkynes Through the Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling of Heteroaryl Halides with Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: Lu Linhua , Yan Hong , Sun Peng , Zhu Yan , Yang Hailong , Liu Defu , Rong Guangwei , Mao Jincheng
Published: July 2013

3‐Bromo‐indole and 2‐bromo‐benzimidazole don′t give any traceable coupling products due to the occurrence of multiple side reactions as indicated by TLC.
ChemInform Abstract: Syntheses and anti‐Allergic Activity of 2‐((Bis(trimethylsilyl)methylthio/methylsulfonyl)methyl) ‐5‐aryl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles.
Authors: Guda Dinneswara Reddy , Park Sae‐Jin , Lee Min‐Woo , Kim Tack‐Joong , Lee Myong Euy
Published: July 2013

Conveniently obtained sila‐substituted 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles (VI) and (VII) show variable extent of antiallergic activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of a Semihollow‐Shaped Triethynylphosphane Ligand for Efficient Formation of Six‐ and Seven‐Membered Ring Ethers Through Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Hydroxy‐Tethered Propargylic Esters.
Authors: Ito Hideto , Harada Ayumi , Ohmiya Hirohisa , Sawamura Masaya
Published: July 2013

Various primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol substrates are tolerated.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Mediated Cyclization of 8‐Allyl‐7‐hydroxy‐2‐styrylchromones Towards the Synthesis of 7,8‐Furano‐2‐styrylchromones.
Authors: Rao C. Srinivas , Jyotsna C. , Sait Shakil S.
Published: July 2013

The title compounds (II) are obtained by a general, rapid, and efficient oxidation of 2‐styrylchromones (I) with dichlorobis(benzonitrile)palladium.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Annulation of 2‐Alkynyl Benzaldehydes with Vinyl Ethers: Synthesis of Dihydronaphthalene, Isochromene, and Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Derivatives.
Authors: Malhotra Deepika , Liu Le‐Ping , Mashuta Mark S. , Hammond G. B.
Published: July 2013

Various mechanisms of the very mild reactions of acyclic and cyclic vinyl ethers are discussed.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Picolinamide‐Directed Alkylation of Unactivated C(sp3)—H Bonds with Alkyl Iodides.
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Yu , He Gang , Nack William A. , Zhao Yingsheng , Li Qiong , Chen Gong
Published: July 2013

An efficient method for the alkylation of γ‐C(sp3)—H and δ‐C(sp2)—H bonds of picolinamide‐protected amine substrates with primary alkyl iodides is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure, and Biological Activity of Novel Heterocyclic Sulfonyl‐Carboximidamides.
Authors: Gobis Katarzyna , Foks Henryk , Slawinski Jaroslaw , Sikorski Artur , Trzybinski Damian , Augustynowicz‐Kopec Ewa , Napiorkowska Agnieszka , Bojanowski Krzysztof
Published: July 2013

Title compounds [(III) and (V)] are synthesized by condensation of sulfonamide (II) with from nitriles (I) in situ generated or directly added carbamidates (IV), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: A Simple and Convenient Synthesis of Tautomeric (6 or 2)‐Hydroxy‐4‐methyl‐(2 or 6)‐oxo‐1‐(substituted phenyl)‐(1,2 or 1,6)‐dihydropyridine‐3‐carbonitriles.
Authors: Ajaj Ismail , Mijin Dusan , Maslak Veselin , Brkovic Danijela , Milcic Milos , Todorovic Nina , Marinkovic Aleksandar
Published: July 2013

Title compounds (III) are synthesized conveniently.
ChemInform Abstract: Spirocyclic Compounds, Potent CCR1 Antagonists.
Authors: Hossain Nafizal , Ivanova Svetlana , Bergare Jonas , Eriksson Tomas
Published: July 2013

Design and synthesis of a novel class of spirocyclic CCR1 antagonists with sub‐nanomolar potency and excellent in vitro metabolic stability are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative C—H and C—C Functionalization of 1‐[2‐(Arylamino)aryl]ethanones Leading to Acridone Derivatives.
Authors: Yu Jipan , Yang Haijun , Jiang Yuyang , Fu Hua
Published: July 2013

The new protocol uses an inexpensive catalyst and an economical and environmentally friendly oxidant.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Nitrogen Mustard Derivatives of Purine Bases.
Authors: Boens Benjamin , Azouz Mounir , Ouk Tan‐Sothea , Zerrouki Rachida
Published: July 2013

The title compounds show no anticancer activity.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Nitroacrylates as Key Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Alkyl 3‐Substituted 5‐Oxopiperazine‐2‐carboxylates under Fully Heterogeneous Conditions.
Authors: Gabrielli Serena , Ballini Roberto , Palmieri Alessandro
Published: July 2013

Using β‐nitroacrylates as key starting materials, a series of alkyl 3‐substituted 5‐oxopiperazine‐2‐carboxylates is easily prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Substituted 4H‐1,4‐Benzothiazines, Their Sulfones, and Ribofuranosides.
Authors: Goyal Kshamta , Gautam Naveen , Khandelwal Nishidha , Gautam D. C.
Published: July 2013

Compounds (III), (IV), (VI), (IX), and (X) show mixed radical scavenging activity, while benzothiazine dioxides (IV) and (X) exhibit excellent activity against four bacteria strains as well as against four strains of fungi.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Enantioselective Allyl—Allyl Cross‐Coupling with a Borylated Allylboronate.
Authors: Le Hai , Kyne Robert E. , Brozek Laura A. , Morken James P.
Published: July 2013

Highly enantioselective cross‐coupling reactions between the borylated allylboronate (I) and various allylic chlorides are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed, Atom‐Economical, Chemo‐ and Regioselective Alkene Hydroboration with Pinacolborane.
Authors: Zhang Lei , Peng Dongjie , Leng Xuebing , Huang Zheng
Published: July 2013

The iron pincer complex (IPC) is found to be optimal as precatalyst in the transformation of various alkenes.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel(II)‐Magnesium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of 1,1‐Dibromo‐1‐alkenes with Diphenylphosphine Oxide: One‐Pot Synthesis of (E)‐1‐Alkenylphosphine Oxides or Bisphosphine Oxides.
Authors: Liu Liu , Wang Yulei , Zeng Zhiping , Xu Pengxiang , Gao Yuxing , Yin Yingwu , Zhao Yufen
Published: July 2013

Mechanistic studies discover that the reaction might involve a Hirao reduction, cross‐coupling and Michael addition.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Glycosyl Cyanamides from Azides: Application for the Synthesis of N‐Hydroxyguanidinoglycosides.
Authors: Prabhu Girish , Sureshbabu Vommina V.
Published: July 2013

The method for the synthesis of the title compounds is simple, mild and involves primary and secondary azides of a wide range of monosaccharides and disaccharides.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel 3‐O‐Carbamoyl Erythromycin A Derivatives (I) (Carbamolides) with Activity Against Resistant Staphylococcal and streptococcal Isolates
Authors: Magee Thomas V. , et al. et al.
Published: July 2013

synthesis and structure—activity relationships
ChemInform Abstract: Antiinflammatory and Antidiabetic Naphthaquinones from an Endophytic Fungus Dendryphion nanum (Nees) S. Hughes.
Authors: Mishra P. D. , Verekar S. A. , Kulkarni‐Almeida A. , Roy S. K. , Jain S. , Balakrishnan A. , Vishwakarma R. , Deshmukh S. K.
Published: July 2013

Isolation and structure determination of two naphthoquinones, herbarin (I) and herbaridine A (II), are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Uranium Chemistry. An Actinide Milestone
Authors: Hayton Trevor W.
Published: July 2013

Review: 8 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Noble Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Stancheva K. A.
Published: July 2013

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Cyanoazetidines and Azetidinium Ions: Scaffolds for Molecular Diversity
Authors: Couty Francois , Drouillat Bruno , Evano Gwilherm , David Olivier
Published: July 2013

Review: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Design Principle of All‐Organic Dyes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Bong‐Gi , Chung Kyeongwoon , Kim Jinsang
Published: July 2013

Review: 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Diversity‐oriented Syntheses of Natural Products and Natural Product‐like Compounds
Authors: Xu Ling‐Min , Liang Yu‐Fan , Ye Qin‐Da , Yang Zhen
Published: July 2013

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cinnamic Derivatives in Tuberculosis
Authors: De Prithwiraj , Veau Damien , Bedos‐Belval Florence , Chassaing Stefan , Baltas Michel
Published: July 2013

Review: 93 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Calixarene‐Based Phosphorus Ligands
Authors: Marson Angelica , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. , Kamer Paul C. J.
Published: July 2013

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphoramidite Ligands
Authors: Lefort Laurent , de Vries Johannes G.
Published: July 2013

Review: 173 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: When Asymmetric Aminocatalysis Meets the Vinylogy Principle
Authors: Jurberg Igor D. , Chatterjee Indranil , Tannert Rene , Melchiorre Paolo
Published: July 2013

Review: <60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: From the Development of Catalysts for Alkyne and Alkyne—Nitrile [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions to Their Use in Polymerization Reactions
Authors: Okamoto Sentaro , Sugiyama Yu‐ki
Published: July 2013

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Approaches to Study O‐GlcNAcylation
Authors: Banerjee Partha S. , Hart Gerald W. , Cho Jin Won
Published: July 2013

Review: 65 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Assembly of N‐Glycoproteins: A Refined Toolbox to Address a Ubiquitous Posttranslational Modification
Authors: Unverzagt Carlo , Kajihara Yasuhiro
Published: July 2013

Review: 82 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Development of Synthetic Antitumor Vaccines from Mucin Glycopeptide Antigens
Authors: Gaidzik Nikola , Westerlind Ulrika , Kunz Horst
Published: July 2013

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Alkylsulfonamides as Useful Carbon Electrophiles
Authors: Gu Yonghong , Tian Shi‐Kai
Published: July 2013

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Stable Carbenes: From “Laboratory Curiosities” to Catalysis Mainstays
Authors: Rovis Tomislav , Nolan Steven P.
Published: July 2013

Review: 19 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Propanephosphonic Acid Anhydride (T3P®) — A Benign Reagent for Diverse Applications Inclusive of Large‐Scale Synthesis
Authors: Basavaprabhu Basavaprabhu , Vishwanatha T. M. , Panguluri Nageswara Rao , Sureshbabu Vommina V.
Published: July 2013

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: TEMPO Derivatives as Alternative Mild Oxidants in Carbon—Carbon Coupling Reactions
Authors: Garcia Mancheno Olga , Stopka Tobias
Published: July 2013

Review: about 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Triphyrins: A New Family of Porphyrinoids
Authors: Kuzuhara Daiki , Yamada Hiroko
Published: July 2013

Review: <60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Journey into Recent Microwave‐Assisted Carbohydrate Chemistry
Authors: Corsaro Antonino , Pistara Venerando , Chiacchio Maria Assunta , Romeo Giovanni
Published: July 2013

Review: 131 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Cycloaddition Reactions
Authors: Bougrin Khalid , Benhida Rachid
Published: July 2013

Review: 147 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwaves in the Synthesis of Natural Products
Authors: Van der Eycken Erik V. , Bariwal Jitender B. , Bariwal Jalpa J.
Published: July 2013

Review: 88 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Structurally Diversified Heterocycles and Related Privileged Scaffolds as Potential Urease Inhibitors: A Brief Overview
Authors: Ibrar Aliya , Khan Imtiaz , Abbas Naeem
Published: July 2013

Review: 130 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioinspired Self‐Cleaning Surfaces with Superhydrophobicity, Superoleophobicity, and Superhydrophilicity
Authors: Nishimoto Shunsuke , Bhushan Bharat
Published: July 2013

Review: 103 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Soft Templating Strategies for the Synthesis of Mesoporous Materials: Inorganic, Organic—Inorganic Hybrid and Purely Organic Solids
Authors: Pal Nabanita , Bhaumik Asim
Published: July 2013

Review: 232 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multivalent Glycoliposomes and Micelles to Study Carbohydrate—Protein and Carbohydrate—Carbohydrate Interactions
Authors: Jayaraman Narayanaswamy , Maiti Krishnagopal , Naresh Kottari
Published: July 2013

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclodextrin‐Based Multivalent Glycodisplays: Covalent and Supramolecular Conjugates to Assess Carbohydrate—Protein Interactions
Authors: Martinez Alvaro , Ortiz Mellet Carmen , Garcia Fernandez Jose M.
Published: July 2013

Review: 176 refs.
Boosting the standard model Higgs signal with the Template Overlap Method
Authors: Backović Mihailo , Juknevich José , Perez Gilad
Published: July 2013

Abstract

We show that the Template Overlap Method can improve the signal to background ratio of boosted h →
$ b\overline{b} $
events produced in association with a leptonically decaying W. We introduce several improvements on the previous formulations of the template method. Varying three-particle template subcones increases the rejection power against the backgrounds, while the longitudinally invariant, sequential template generation ensures an efficient coverage in template phase space. We integrate b-tagging information into the template overlap framework and introduce a new template based observable, the template stretch. We further improve on the previous formulation of Template Planar Flow by including the effects of finite size subcones centered at each template momentum. Our analysis takes into account the contamination from the charm daughters of top decays in
$ t\overline{t} $
events, and includes nearly-realistic effects of pileup and underlying events. We show that the Template Overlap Method displays very low sensitivity to pileup, hence providing a self-contained alternative to other methods of pile up subtraction. The developments described in this work are quite general, and may apply to other searches for massive boosted objects.
Study of Solubility Efficiency of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Single Surfactant Systems
Authors: Lakra Jyotsna , Tikariha Deepti , Yadav Toshikee , Satnami Manmohan L. , Ghosh Kallol K.
Published: July 2013

Water solubility enhancements of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons i.e., naphthalene (Naph) and anthracene (Anth) in single surfactants system have been measured by UV–VIS‐Spectrophotometer. The relationships between solubilizing capacity and their solubilization efficiency towards polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been quantified and discussed in terms of the molar solubilization ratio (MSR), the micelle‐water partition coefficient (Km) and standard free energy of solubilization (ΔG°s). The micellar and surface properties of some cationic and anionic surfactants have been investigated by conductivity, surface tension and fluorescence measurements at 300 K. Above the CMC, maximum solubilization occurs in cationic surfactants where as the solubilization is least in the presence of anionic surfactants. The negative value of ΔG°s shows spontaneity of the solubilization process. The MSR values are larger in naphthalene than anthracene (Naph > Anth). The present studies provide valuable information for the selection of surfactants for solubilizing water‐insoluble compounds.
Life Shocks and Homelessness
Authors: Curtis Marah A. , Corman Hope , Noonan Kelly , Reichman Nancy E.
Published: July 2013

We exploited an exogenous health shock—namely, the birth of a child with a severe health condition—to investigate the effect of a life shock on homelessness in large cities in the United States as well as the interactive effects of the shock with housing market characteristics. We considered a traditional measure of homelessness, two measures of housing instability thought to be precursors to homelessness, and a combined measure that approximates the broadened conceptualization of homelessness under the 2009 Homeless Emergency Assistance and Rapid Transition to Housing Act (2010). We found that the shock substantially increases the likelihood of family homelessness, particularly in cities with high housing costs. The findings are consistent with the economic theory of homelessness, which posits that homelessness results from a conjunction of adverse circumstances in which housing markets and individual characteristics collide.
Complete subsite mapping of a “loopful” GH19 chitinase from rye seeds based on its crystal structure
Authors: Ohnuma Takayuki , Umemoto Naoyuki , Kondo Kaori , Numata Tomoyuki , Fukamizo Tamo
Published: July 2013

Crystallographic analysis of a mutated form of “loopful” GH19 chitinase from rye seeds a double mutant RSC‐c, in which Glu67 and Trp72 are mutated to glutamine and alanine, respectively, (RSC‐c‐E67Q/W72A) in complex with chitin tetrasaccharide (GlcNAc)4 revealed that the entire substrate‐binding cleft was completely occupied with the sugar residues of two (GlcNAc)4 molecules. One (GlcNAc)4 molecule bound to subsites −4 to −1, while the other bound to subsites +1 to +4. Comparisons of the main chain conformation between liganded RSC‐c‐E67Q/W72A and unliganded wild type RSC‐c suggested domain motion essential for catalysis. This is the first report on the complete subsite mapping of GH19 chitinase.
Reduced 25‐hydroxyvitamin D and risk of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia
Authors: Afzal Shoaib , Bojesen Stig E. , Nordestgaard B⊘rge G.
Published: July 2013

Background

Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated as a risk factor for dementia in several cross‐sectional studies. We tested the hypothesis that reduced plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia in the general population.

Methods

We measured baseline plasma 25(OH)D in 10,186 white individuals from the Danish general population.

Results

During 30 years of follow‐up, 418 participants developed AD and 92 developed vascular dementia. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for AD were 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95–1.64) for 25(OH)D less than 25 nmol/L vs. greater than or equal to 50 nmol/L, and 1.29 (95% CI, 1.01–1.66) for less than the 25th seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D percentile vs. more than the 50th seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D percentile. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for vascular dementia were 1.22 (95% CI, 0.77–1.91) for 25(OH)D less than 50 nmol/L vs. greater than or equal to 50 nmol/L, and 1.22 (95% CI, 0.79–1.87) for less than or equal to the 50th vs. more than the 50th seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D percentile. Last, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for the combined end point were 1.28 (95% CI, 1.00–1.64) for 25(OH)D less than 25 nmol/L vs. greater than or equal to 50 nmol/L, and 1.27 (95% CI, 1.01–1.60) for less than the 25th vs. more than the 50th seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D.

Conclusions

We observed an association of reduced plasma 25(OH)D with increased risk of the combined end point of AD and vascular dementia in this prospective cohort study of the general population.
Sandhya Shukla. India Abroad: Diasporic Cultures of Postwar America and England. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2003.
Authors: Leonard Karen
Published: July 2013

Sandhya Shukla has written a highly interdisciplinary comparison of Indian diasporic cultures in Britain and the United States. Specializing in Anthropology and Asian American Studies, she is particularly strong on historical and literary text analysis. She says, “The relational aspects of a range of texts and experiences, which include historical narratives, cultural organizations, autobiography and fiction, musical performance and films, are of paramount importance in this critical ethnography” (20). Contending that the Indian diaspora confronts “a simultaneous nationalism and internationalism,” she is celebratory about India and “formations of Indianness,” and uses phrases like “amazing force” and “wildly multicultural” (17). Her exploration shows “the tremendous impulse to multiple nationality that Indianness abroad has made visible” (14) and, “the amazing persistence of Indian cultures in so many places” (22).
Selection at ultra-low density identifies plants escaping virus infection and leads towards high-performing lentil (Lens culinarisL.) varieties
Authors: KARGIOTIDOU A. , CHATZIVASSILIOU E. , TZANTARMAS C. , SINAPIDOU E. , PAPAGEORGIOU A. , SKARACIS G. N. , TOKATLIDIS I. S.
Published: July 2013

Cultivated lentil (Lens culinarisL.) landraces offer a challenge to exploiting their genetic variability and deriving new pure-line varieties. For insect-transmitted viruses, low densities favour increased virus spread. The objective of the present work was to evaluate a selection procedure applied within a landrace under ultra-low plant density and low-input conditions toward the isolation of high-performing genotypes that escape virus infection. Field trials were conducted through four growing seasons (2006–2011) in the Democritus University of Thrace research farm in Orestiada, Greece. Selection of individual plants for high grain yield was applied for three generations, while virus presence was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the seeds used or the plants selected in each selection cycle. Early high plant-to-plant phenotypic variability, reflected by high coefficient of variation (CV) values, was partly attributed to virus infection. However, sister lines were consistently higher yielding and of lower CV than the mother population (MP). Second generation lines yielded up to 136 and 23% more than the source landrace at the ultra-low density and dense stand, respectively.Pea seed-borne mosaic viruswas detected in the seeds of the MP, whereasbean yellow mosaic virusandbean leafroll viruswere mainly involved in the subsequent selection rounds. In general, the highest-yielding plants were free of the viruses detected during experimentation. It was concluded that selection at ultra-low density of the highest-yielding plants from the sister lines with the lowest CV constitute an effective way to improve the health status of the seeds produced and result in high yielding and potentially virus-tolerant pure-line varieties.
YouTube as a source of information on rhinosinusitis: the good, the bad and the ugly
Authors: Biggs T C , Bird J H , Harries P G , Salib R J
Published: July 2013

Objective:

YouTube is an internet-based repository of user-generated content. This study aimed to determine whether YouTube represented a valid and reliable patient information resource for the lay person on the topic of rhinosinusitis.

Methods:

The study included the first 100 YouTube videos found using the search term ‘sinusitis’. Videos were graded on their ability to inform the lay person on the subject of rhinosinusitis.

Results:

Forty-five per cent of the videos were deemed to provide some useful information. Fifty-five per cent of the videos contained little or no useful facts, 27 per cent of which contained potentially misleading or even dangerous information. Videos uploaded by medical professionals or those from health information websites contained more useful information than those uploaded by independent users.

Conclusion:

YouTube appears to be an unreliable resource for accurate and up to date medical information relating to rhinosinusitis. However, it may provide some useful information if mechanisms existed to direct lay people to verifiable and credible sources.
Rebuilding the Navel of the Earth: Buddhist pilgrimage and transnational religious networks
Authors: GEARY DAVID
Published: July 2013

Central to the modern rebirth of Bodh Gaya as the place of Buddha's enlightenment is the growing influence of Buddhist missionaries and transnational religious networks on this pilgrimage landscape in North India. Although this process began in the late nineteenth century, it was not until after India's independence that Buddhism became an integral part of the nation-building project and a key site of post-colonial diplomacy with neighbouring Asian countries. Symbolic of these international and diplomatic ties are the increasing numbers of foreign Buddhist monasteries and temples that have acquired land around Bodh Gaya. This paper seeks to document the historical and transnational religious processes that support the growing globalization of Bodh Gaya and to survey the institutional means through which monasteries have elevated the Buddhist memory of the site. In tracing these different national and regional networks of Buddhism, I argue that there is an underlying tension between Buddhist culture anchored in the national polity and the forces of globalization and religious experience that seek to transcend it.
Does the carotenoid-based colouration ofPolymorphus minutusfacilitate its trophic transmission to definitive hosts?
Authors: JACQUIN L. , MORI Q. , MÉDOC V.
Published: July 2013

Freshwater gammarids infected with the acanthocephalan parasitePolymorphus minutusshow behavioural alterations but also differ from uninfected individuals in their appearance because of the carotenoid-based colouration of the parasite visible through the cuticle. However, it's not clear whether this phenotypic alteration is an adaptation favouring parasite transmission to the definitive host. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the selective preference of mallard towards two prey types: uninfected gammarids on which we applied a dot of inconspicuous brown paint, and uninfected gammarids on which we applied a dot of bright orange paint to mimic the change in appearance due toP. minutuswithout changes in host behaviour. Mallards showed a significant preference for orange-painted gammarids regardless of how gammarids were distributed (isolated or aggregated). This suggests that parasite's colouration may play a role in enhanced transmission to definitive avian hosts. The role ofP. minutus’ colouration in the conspicuousness of gammarids has however to be balanced by the extent to which mallards use visual cues to forage in the field. From the perspective of a multidimensional manipulation, this study suggests that the change in appearance may act synergistically with the changes in behaviour to promote transmission to waterbirds.
Detection of human taeniases in Tibetan endemic areas, China
Authors: LI TIAOYING , CHEN XINGWANG , YANAGIDA TETSUYA , WANG HAO , LONG CHANGPING , SAKO YASUHITO , OKAMOTO MUNEHIR , WU YUNFEI , GIRAUDOUX PATRICK , RAOUL FRANCIS , NKOUAWA AGATHE , NAKAO MINORU , CRAIG PHILIP S. , ITO AKIRA
Published: July 2013

Detection of taeniasis carriers ofTaenia soliumis essential for control of cysticercosis in humans and pigs. In the current study, we assessed the positive detection rate of a self-detection tool, stool microscopy with direct smear and coproPCR for taeniasis carriers in endemic Tibetan areas of northwest Sichuan. The self-detection tool through questioning about a history of proglottid expulsion within the previous one year showed an overall positive detection rate of more than 80% forTaenia saginata, T. soliumandT. asiatica. The positive detection rate was similar forT. saginataandT. solium. In 132 taeniid tapeworm carriers, 68 (51·5%) were detected by microscopy and 92 (69·7%) were diagnosed by coproPCR. A combination of microscopy and coproPCR increased the positive detection rate to 77·3%. There remained 10 cases (7·6%) coproPCR negative but microscopy positive. Due to the high cost and complicated process, coproPCR is required for the identification ofTaeniaspecies only when necessary, though it had a significant higher positive detection rate than microscopy. Combined use of self-detection and stool microscopy are recommended in community-based mass screening for taeniases in this Tibetan area or in other situation-similar endemic regions.
Globalizing Electoral Politics: Political Competence and Distributional Bargaining in the European Union
Authors: Schneider Christina J.
Published: July 2013

This article analyzes electoral cycles in distributional bargaining in the European Union. The author argues that governments attempt to increase their EU membership benefits above average levels in the preelection period, hoping to appear politically competent to voters. The theory discusses when and how EU members can increase these gains before elections through negotiations in the Council of Ministers. A time-series cross-sectional analysis of EU member states’ annual budget negotiations from 1977 to 2006 supports the existence of conditional electoral cycles in distributional bargaining and generally points to the importance of accounting for such cycles when analyzing patterns of international cooperation.
THE DATE OF THE TOMB OF CLYTEMNESTRA
Authors: Mason David J.
Published: July 2013

The construction date of the Tomb of Clytemnestra at Mycenae is disputed, opinion being divided over whether the tomb was erected at the end of Late Helladic IIIA or towards the end of Late Helladic IIIB. The article attempts to resolve this debate by examining all of the dating evidence for the tomb. It stresses that the most valuable clues to the date of the tomb come from the excavations that were carried out in 1952 and 1953 on either side of the Great Poros Wall, the retaining wall that supported the eastern side of the earthen mound above the tomb. Several trenches of these excavations are discussed in detail, specifically V and M, both of which were sunk into the earthen mound behind the wall, and L, P, III and IV, all of which were located immediately in front of the wall. The information on these trenches is drawn not only from the published reports, but also from the original excavation notebooks. The pottery from them is used to determine the date of the tomb. What emerges is that the Tomb of Clytemnestra was, in fact, built at the beginning of Late Helladic IIIB.
Chick production at the largest emperor penguin colony decreases by 50% from 2008–10
Authors: Kooyman G.L. , Ponganis P.J.
Published: July 2013

The emperor penguin colony at Coulman Island is reputedly the largest known. This reputation is based on intermittent ground and aerial surveys performed since 1958. From an aerial survey obtained on 28 October 2010 we discovered that the total number of chicks was 56% of the lowest previous estimate of 2006 and only 41% of the most recent estimate in 2008. All of the counts tallied since 1983 were determined either by ground counts or from aerial film or digital photographs, or estimates from adult counts. We also determined the sea ice conditions in autumn, which is close to the time the adults arrive to breed. We present three hypotheses of what might have happened from 2008–10 to cause the step change in chick production, the small recovery of chick numbers in 2011, and the complete recovery of number of adults from 2010–11. We conclude that local circumstances may have strongly influenced the breeding behaviour of the emperor penguins in 2010 and to a lesser degree in 2011 when many adults elected not to breed.
A clinical manifestation-based prediction of haemodynamic patterns of orthostatic intolerance in children: a multi-centre study
Authors: Chen Li , Li Xueying , Todd Ochs , Wang Cheng , Jin Hongfang , Du Junbao
Published: July 2013

Objective: At present, the haemodynamic diagnosis of orthostatic intolerance is based mainly on the head-up tilt table test, which is sometimes risky for patients. Thus, it is important to find objective and safe methods to differentiate haemodynamic patterns of orthostatic intolerance cases. Methods: In all, 629 children with orthostatic intolerance, either vasovagal syncope or postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, were included in the multi-centre clinical study. We analysed the association between the clinical manifestation and haemodynamic patterns of the patients. Results: Syncope after motion with a prodrome of chest distress or palpitations and the concomitant symptom(s) after a syncopal attack, with debilitation, dizziness or headache, were the most important variables in predicting the diagnosis of vasovagal syncope. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 71.5%. Conclusion: Complaint of syncope after motion with prodromal chest distress or palpitation and the concomitant symptom after a syncopal attack, with subsequent debilitation, dizziness or headache, were the most important variables in the diagnosis of vasovagal syncope in children with orthostatic intolerance.