bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Watermarking Citra Digital menggunakan Contourlet Transform, Discrete Cosine Transform dan Noise Visibility Function
Authors: Setiadikarunia Daniel , Saragih Riko A , Susanthi Yohana , Liu Vincent
Published: May 2022

Informasi dalam bentuk multimedia digital mudah dilakukan duplikasi dan modifikasi oleh pihak-pihak yang mungkin saja tidak memiliki izin dari pemilik yang sah. Hal ini dapat menimbulkan persoalan pelanggaran hak cipta atas informasi multimedia tersebut. Salah satu cara untuk mengatasi persoalan tersebut adalah dengan digital watermarking. Dalam artikel ini dibahas mengenai teknik watermarking pada citra digital menggunakan contourlet transform (CT) yang digabung dengan discrete cosine transform (DCT) dan perhitungan noise visibility function (NVF). Watermark disisipkan pada koefisien DCT dari subband hasil transformasi contourlet level 2. Penyisipan watermark dilakukan dengan memperhitungkan nilai NVF koefisien CT dari subband yang digunakan. Untuk daerah yang bertekstur, watermark akan disisipkan lebih kuat daripada daerah yang datar. Dari hasil uji coba diperoleh bahwa citra yang telah disisipi watermark mempunyai kualitas yang baik dengan rata-rata nilai peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) lebih besar dari 35 dB, dan watermark dapat diekstraksi kembali dengan baik dengan rata-rata nilai bit correct ratio (BCR) lebih besar dari 98%. Watermark masih tahan terhadap kompresi JPEG dengan faktor kualitas Q 9, penambahan noise Gaussian sampai 10%, cropping sampai 25%, dan scaling 75% dan 125%, tetapi tidak tahan terhadap rotasi. Information in the form of digital multimedia can easily be duplicated and modified by parties who may not have the permission of the legal owner. This can lead to issues of copyright infringement of the multimedia information. One solution to overcome this problem is digital watermarking. This article discusses watermarking technique in digital images using contourlet transform (CT) combined with discrete cosine transform (DCT) and noise visibility function (NVF) calculation. Watermark is inserted in the DCT coefficients of level 2 contourlet transform subband. Watermark insertion is done by calculating the NVF value of the CT coefficients of the subband used. For textured areas, the watermark will be inserted stronger than flat areas. From the test results, it is found that the watermarked image has good quality with an average peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) value greater than 35 dB, and the watermark can be extracted back well with an average bit correct ratio (BCR) value greater than 98%. Watermark is still resistant to JPEG compression with a quality factor Q greater than 9, Gaussian noise addition up to 10%, cropping up to 25%, scaling 75% and 125%, but not resistant to rotation.
A Fresh Perception of the Local and National Policies in 1918 – 2008: Making Georgia Known in the World
Authors:   Tallinn University of Technology, Alatalu Toomas
Published: May 2022

Today, the (Western) geopolitics dominant in the decade following the Cold War must consider the rivalling (Eastern) geopolitics. The present article deals with the use of the military bases situated abroad to support separatism in neighbouring countries. In the relations between Abkhazia, Southern Ossetia, Georgia and Russia in 1989 – 2008, special attention is paid to the periods of political standstill when the war was continued as the war of statements conducted by representative bodies in which even the UN Security Council came to be included. The article also focuses on the change of geopolitical visions of Georgia following the Rose Revolution or the waning of the myths of Shevardnadze and Russia’s foreign policy intentions.
The Foreign Policy of Turkey – between Transatlanticism and Orientalism
Authors:   Polish Academy of Sciences, Wódka Jakub
Published: May 2022

The article explores the transformation which the Turkish foreign policy has been undergoing in the last decade since the post-Islamist Justice and Development Party had come to power. Whereas in the cold-war era Turkey concentrated its foreign policy on bolstering the alliance with the United States and on efforts to join the European Communities, last couple of years have seen the country diversify its international engagement. Turkey has been using ‘new’ instruments, such as softpower, to build up its regional status. Yet, the ambitious foreign policy is constrained by the regional developments, the Arab Spring turmoil being the prime example.
Electoral Participation of Poles Residing Abroad in National and European Parliament Elections. The Analysis of Results and Factors Influencing the Attendance
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Lesińska Magdalena
Published: May 2022

The article presents the phenomenon of external voting: participation of citizens residing abroad in elections that take place in country of origin. Author offers the comparative analysis of data from parliamentary and presidential elections over last two decades (1990 – 2011) and elections to European Parliament (2004 – 2014) that took place in Poland. The noticeable increase in number of votes from abroad is the result of the growing stock of Poles residing abroad since Poland’s accession to the EU in 2004, the legal and institutional changes towards simplifying voting procedures, but also the consequence of the fact that emigration of Poles became an issue of media interest and target group for political parties during the electoral campaigns.
Freedom of Speech in Europe and in the United States of America. A Few Remarks on the History of the Idea and its New Challenges
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland), Wacławczyk Wiesław
Published: May 2022

One can hardly overestimate the meaning of freedom of speech in the European tradition. It dates back to the times of the ancient Greece, although it was only John Milton who wrote the first tract devoted to the subject in question. In his Areopagitica (1644), Milton skillfully defended the principle of a free flow of ideas by stressing out that an open and undisturbed clash of various information and opinions is a condition of discovering truth in life. The best-known and most frequently quoted fragment of Areopagitica reads: “And though all the winds of doctrine were let loose to play upon the earth, so Truth be in the ! eld, we do injuriously, by licencing and prohibiting to misdoubt her strength. Let her and Falsehood grapple; who ever knew Truth put to the wors, in a free and open encounter. Her confuting is the best and surest suppressing”.
The Influence of External Factors on the Process of Transformation in Poland. The Case of the Polish Presidential Elections of 1989
Authors: Suwara Ewa
Published: May 2022

In the first half of 2001 the US Department of State, following a request from the National Security Archive (a US non-governmental organisation), declassified documents relating to the Round Table negotiations, the presidential elections, the crisis over choice of a prime minister and the creation of government (coalition) in Poland in 1989. Those documents, highly confidential until their release, allow us to look at the most important events in the transformation in Poland from a different perspective, which has not yet been extensively analysed. In essence, they indicate the role of external factors which have influenced the political situation of Poland – the transformation and actual decomposition of communism. They include cables detailing the US embassy’s participation in, and its analysis of the events during Poland’s ‘revolution’.
The Late Westphalian International Order
Authors:   Marie Curie-Skłodowska University of Lublin (Poland), Pietraś Marek
Published: May 2022

The international order, denoting in a very general sense the manner of the organization and functioning of the international environment in a given period of time, is a dynamic construction that evolves. e feature of the present stage is a transition from its earlier form called the Westphalian order to the future form with qualitatively new features, sometimes called the post-Westphalian order. This process does however mean that the “parameters” of the Westphalian international order are to be replaced by the parameters of the post-Westphalian order. The qualitatively new features of the organization and functioning of the international environment “coexist” with those characteristic of the Westphalian system of international relations. This “coexistence” determines the distinctive feature of the present stage of international relations, which is a hybridity or combining of solutions, o!en opposing in their logic, relating to the organization and functioning of the international environment. Hence it seems appropriate to term the present stage of dynamics of and change in international relations as the late Westphalian order.
Book review: Michael Sandel, “The Case against Perfection: Ethics in the Age of Genetic Engineering”, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Massachusetts), London (England) 2007, pp. 162
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland), Miętek Agata
Published: May 2022

The most important task of contemporary science is to serve humanity. It seems that technology develops in two different ways. On the one hand technology does everything to make human’s life carefree, easy and safe. But on the other scientists do their best to solve most pressing problems so that people could once and for all forget about troubles like AIDS, cancer or Alzheimer’s disease. Until tody technical progress was followed by the progress of the humanity but it seems that contemporary hi-technology left behind moral reflections of people. Michael Sandel’s book e Case against Perfection: Ethics in the Age of Genetic Engineering is a moral reflection on those problems accompanied by technological changes. It is an attempt to establish a border that cannot be crossed – on its one side human being is still a human being but on the other one it is just an artifi- cially stimulated machine.
Book review: “The US Foreign Policy After the Cold War”, (ed.) J. Zając, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2006, pp. 225
Authors:   University of Szczecin (Poland), Podgórzańska Renata
Published: May 2022

The world unrivaled position of the United States, a country which determines many aspects of global policy, attracts a lot of interest as regards underlying objectives for US decisions in the field of external relations. The consequence with which the US acts on the international arena raises questions concerning objectives of the US activity and goals they would like to achieve. e American foreign policy provides basis for establishing national foreign policies for several countries, including Poland. us, interest is growing concerning the policy, as well as its nature, directions and priorities.
Book review: Wojciech Peszyński, “First Elections to the European Parliament in Poland” (Pierwsze wybory do Parlamentu Europejskiego w Polsce), Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2007, pp. 147
Authors:   University of Białystok (Poland), Popławski Mariusz
Published: May 2022

Political scientists, in their research work, concentrate on various topics. For some, thoughts and ideas of a famous statesman are fascinating and for others is the future influence of NGO’s on local communities. One thing, one time is said to have enough potential to unite attention of most of political scientists, as this is an event when they may observe how matters that they are especially interested in are apprehended. is mentioned event is, in my opinion, what elections indeed are and some may even say that elections are the festival of politics and sometimes of democracy.
Os efeitos de Maio de 68 na trajetória de Jacques Rancière: a dicotomia althusseriana entre ciência e ideologia colocada em xeque
Authors: Araújo Taís
Published: May 2022

Após a eclosão de Maio de 68 e a criação da Universidade de Vincennes,  Jacques Rancière reavaliou suas concepções teórico-políticas, assim como seu vínculo com o filósofo Louis Althusser e os intelectuais do Cercle d’Ulm. A dicotomia entre um tipo de conhecimento supostamente científico, a teoria marxiana, e a ideologia, tal como sustentavam os althusserianos, é colocada em xeque em favor de uma valorização dos movimentos políticos irruptivos dos anos 1960. No presente artigo, analisaremos esse momento da trajetória de Rancière em que o autor passa de seguidor a crítico de Althusser, ao reformular sua compreensão a respeito do significado das revoltas sociais e da sua concepção sobre o saber. Esse debate desdobrado em textos como Sur la théorie de l’idéologie: politique d’Althusser e La leçon d’Althusser não é algo circunstancial na obra de Rancière, antes aparece como uma questão que atravessa seu pensamento e contempla ainda seus escritos atuais: a recusa à divisão do saber e a suas hierarquias intelectuais e a desconfiança em relação à concepção de que a política, para eclodir de acordo com as expectativas de certa intelectualidade crítica, necessitaria da teoria como seu pré-requisito.
A BIOECOLOGIA DO AUTISMO: UMA ANÁLISE DOS RELATOS SOBRE AS QUESTÕES SOCIAIS QUE ATRAVESSAM O DESENVOLVIMENTO
Authors: Melo Sandra Cordeiro de , Lima Carolina Barreiros de , Netto Natalia Barboza , Fernandes Jéssica Cristina Mascarenhas
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura sobre relatos acerca de pessoas com autismo em pesquisas realizadas nos campos da Educação, Psicologia, Medicina e Enfermagem. Foram coletados 22 artigos na base de dados SciELO, entre os anos de 2008 e 2021, a partir das palavras-chave autismo e entrevistas. Os dados foram analisados pela técnica da Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016), com o auxílio do software ATLAS.ti. As categorias levantadas, diagnóstico e saúde; educação; e relações familiares, foram discutidas a partir das perspectivas teórico-metodológicas de Vygotsky (2003) e Bronfenbrenner (1996). Tal análise permitiu relacionar as questões pessoais com as sociais, tomando por base as relações sóciohistóricas e bioecológicas que envolvem a vida dos sujeitos com autismo. Os resultados apontam para a interferência entre a insuficiência de oferta de serviços e políticas de suporte social e o desenvolvimento destas pessoas; a importância da escola e a deficitária formação docente; e as repercussões deste desenvolvimento nas rotinas familiares, sobretudo na vida da figura materna.
Efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet in children with drug‐resistant genetic generalized epilepsy
Authors: Kacker Shawn , Nordli Jr Douglas R. , Phitsanuwong Chalongchai
Published: May 2022

Objective. The ketogenic diet therapy is a time‐tested and potent non‐pharmacologic treatment for epilepsy. However, the study of the ketogenic diet in patients with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) is not widely established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet, a variation of the ketogenic diets, as a treatment for drug‐resistant GGE.

Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed in patients with epilepsy treated with the modified Atkins diet at the University of Chicago from 2017 to 2020. For three months following diet initiation, participants were monitored for diet tolerability and effect on seizures. Response to the treatment was recorded by self‐reporting patients and guardians.

Results. Thirteen patients with a diagnosis of drug‐resistant GGE were identified. An average of 3.8 anti‐seizure medications (ASMs) had been tried and 3.4 years had elapsed from seizure onset before dietary therapy was attempted. Patients were receiving a mean of 2.2 ASMs at the time of diet initiation. After undergoing dietary treatment for three months, 12/13 (92%) patients experienced a greater than 50% reduction in seizure frequency, 6/13 (46%) patients became seizure‐free, and 7/13 (54%) were able to discontinue at least one ASM. All patients completed at least three months of dietary therapy with an average duration of 9.3 months at the time of report. One patient reported side effects of fatigue which may be attributed to the diet.

Significance. The modified Atkins diet has shown to be an effective and well‐tolerated treatment for children with drug‐resistant GGE. The diet provides the additional benefit of aiding to discontinue ASMs and, therefore, minimize the side effects from polypharmacy. Given these results, it seems reasonable to consider the modified Atkins diet as an alternative and possibly earlier treatment option for patients with drug‐resistant GGE.
ILAE Genetic Literacy Series: familial focal epilepsy syndromes
Authors: Gooley Samuel , Crompton Douglas E. , Berkovic Samuel F. ,   ILAE Genetics Literacy Taskforce
Published: May 2022

There are a number of familial focal epilepsy syndromes, each with distinct clinical characteristics. Here, we review the epilepsy phenotypes and the genetic architecture of these syndromes. Using an illustrative clinical case, we describe the important steps in making a diagnosis and ordering appropriate genetic tests. Our discussion on the genetics of the familial focal epilepsies will provide a framework for interpreting the results of genetic testing, and allow us to apply this information to patient management.
Learn to interpret voltage maps: an atlas of topographies
Authors: Foged Mette Thrane , Scherg Michael , Fabricius Martin , Beniczky Sándor
Published: May 2022

Describing the location of EEG abnormalities, such as interictal epileptiform discharges, is an important step in the interpretation of EEG recordings and has clinical relevance, as it is expected to point out the region of the brain generating these abnormal signals. Traditionally, the location is reported by specifying the area on the scalp where maximum negativity is located. However, this only reflects the correct localization in the brain when the cortical generator is located on the convexity (radial orientation). When the cortical generator is in the wall of a sulcus (tangential orientation), due to current flow (volume conduction), the maximum negativity is not over the generator, but at a distance from it. Voltage maps are widely available in most EEG reader software programs. Simple rules for reading voltage maps help to estimate the orientation and location of the source in the brain, avoiding false lateralization and false localization. In this seminar in epileptology, using a didactic approach, we explain how to read voltage maps and provide an atlas of voltage maps.
Epilepsy in neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Neri Sabrina , Mastroianni Giovanni , Gardella Elena , Aguglia Umberto , Rubboli Guido
Published: May 2022

Although epilepsy as a comorbidity in neurodegenerative disorders is increasingly recognized, its incidence is still underestimated and the features of epilepsy in the different neurodegenerative conditions are still poorly defined. Improved health care, resulting in increased longevity, will unavoidably lead to an increment of epilepsy cases in the elderly. Thus, it is conceivable to expect that neurologists will have to deal with these comorbid conditions to a growing extent in the future. In this seminar, we provide an updated overview of the clinical features, pathophysiological mechanisms and diagnostic and treatment approaches of epilepsy in the most common neurodegenerative disorders (such as Alzheimer disease and other types of dementia, Parkinson disease, Down syndrome, prion diseases, and progressive myoclonus epilepsies), aiming to provide a tool that can help epileptologists and neurologists in the diagnosis and management of this increasingly reported comorbidity.
Digital Demography Methods for Forecasting Migration Processes
Authors:   Institute of Socioeconomic and Energy Problems of the North, Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of RAS, Smirnov A.V.
Published: May 2022

The nature and intensity of migration processes are constantly changing. Demographic statistics are not suitable for obtaining up-to-date information and making timely decisions in the field of demographic and social policy. Thus, digital demography is becoming increasingly important, as this area of population research uses new methods and data sources resulting from the Internet expansion and the digitalisation of society. Using digital demography methods and emerging data sources, the study aims to identify current migration trends in Russia at the municipal level. The duality of the object (real and virtual population) and methods (demographic and data science methods) of digital demography is demonstrated. Digital data sources for studying migration and relevant processing methods were considered. Further, it was proposed to assess migration flows by examining social network information and graphs of migration routes. The analysis of data obtained from the “Virtual population of Russia” project for 2356 urban and municipal regions revealed the features of intermunicipal migration and the centres of migration attraction in the country. An indicator for assessing the potential of future migrations based on the graphs of migration routes was presented. The analysis results show that balanced spatial development of Russia requires the stimulation of human capital development in local centres characterised by high migration potential. These include regional capitals, “second” cities in terms of population, and some research and industrial centres. The study findings can be used to consider demographic processes at the municipal level and elaborate strategic documents in the field of regional spatial development. Further digitalisation and the implementation of digital economy projects will lead to the accumulation of population data at the national level. Therefore, future research should focus on improving digital demography methods for studying and forecasting demographic processes.
Development of the Agricultural Sector as a Factor of Ensuring Food Security of Kazakhstan in the Context of the EAEU
Authors:   Omsk State Agrarian University, Stukach V. F. , Baidalinova A.S. ,   Atyrau Oil and Gas University, Suleimanov R.E. ,   Financial academy JSC
Published: May 2022

In the framework of the integration associations, each state must ensure, first of all, its food security with the economically feasible development of the agricultural sector of the national economy. This study examined the food security of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the integration of the Eurasian Economic Union members. The study proposes a method for calculating an integral indicator of food security in Kazakhstan, based on determining the weighted average value, taking into account the significance of each group of indicators. The final assessment is given according to the created scale of integrated assessment of food security. Three groups of indicators are used: food availability, availability and sufficiency of food consumption, quality and safety. The research results showed that the state of food security of the Republic of Kazakhstan during the examined period is assessed as insufficient, mainly due to a decrease in the availability of food and insufficient use of the resource potential of the agricultural sector. The study concluded that when solving practical problems, the methods for assessing food security do not allow researchers consider important characteristics of each country and use them for decision-making. It is necessary to further develop the methodological foundations for creating tools for measuring, evaluating and regulating the processes of interaction between the EAEU member states. The material is addressed to employees of state and municipal government bodies, economic educational institutions and the scientific community.
Export of Medical Devices and Industry Integration of Russian Regions in the Context of Covid-19
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Khmeleva G.A. , Asanova S.S. ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: May 2022

The sudden and severe outbreak of Covid-19 has both challenged the world economy and created new opportunities to address the problem of domestic production, integration and export growth in Russia. The study aims to identify the characteristics of medical exports and assess the integration of individual Russian regions in the context of a pandemic. To this end, the paper analyses the volume and geography of export transactions of 40 Russian regions exporting medical devices to prevent the spread of new coronavirus infections. Characteristics of medical exports and sectoral integration in conditions of pandemic risks were identified. For example, exports of Covid-19 medical devices are highly concentrated in a small number of Russian regions. The development of export-oriented medical devices accelerated due to the intensification of existing production capacities as well as the involvement of related sectors in the value chain. Additionally, non-economic factors (threats to life and health of nations) are becoming increasingly important in international trade in the short term. The Eurasian Economic Union demonstrates its growing significance as a regulator of medical device supply within the integration area. The research highlights the high adaptation of Russian local producers to the needs of the world and domestic economy. Moreover, an increase in exports simultaneously allowed Russia to satisfy the domestic demand for medical devices for preventing and controlling the spread of coronavirus. The sector development requires the strengthening of export support institutions both in the major regions exporting Covid-19 medical devices and in the regions where this industry is still in its infancy but has already shown steady growth. Future research can focus on studying export trends of medical devices in the face of viral risks, as well as expanding the context to include strategies for the integration of Russian regions into global economic relations, considering sectoral specificities and the geostrategic situation.
Una lectura de conflicto: los postulados fantásticos y la influencia cultural de los cuchilleros en cuatro cuentos de Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Manrique Rabelo Carlos Milton
Published: May 2022

El reconocimiento de la obra de Jorge Luis Borges como trabajo cosmopolita ha llevado a que muchos de sus lectores y críticos lo valoren solo como un escritor universal, mas no como uno nacionalista. Sin embargo, gran parte de la narrativa de Borges está influenciada no solo por la cultura occidental, sino también por la cultura rioplatense de las orillas. Con los aportes teóricos sobre la literatura fantástica de críticos como Tzvetan Todorov, Jaime Alazraki y Emir Rodríguez Monegal, el presente ensayo analiza los cuentos Las ruinas circulares y El milagro secreto con el objetivo de evidenciar la influencia occidental en la narrativa borgeana. Asimismo, teniendo en cuenta los estudios sobre la vida y obra de Borges realizados por Beatriz Sarlo y Mario Vargas Llosa, se analizan los cuentos El fin y El Sur, con la finalidad de resaltar la influencia cultural rioplatense, específicamente la de los cuchilleros. Por ello, este estudio conduce a una lectura de conflicto, el que permite reflexionar sobre la dualidad conflictiva cultural que vivió Borges al momento de crear su literatura; conflicto que es pieza fundamental además para valorar al escritor argentino en toda su dimensión: como cosmopolita y nacionalista al mismo tiempo.
Imaginarios sociales y la migración venezolana en la red social Twitter
Authors: Montenegro García María Isabel
Published: May 2022

El propósito del presente trabajo es analizar los imaginarios sociales sobre los migrantes venezolanos en Twitter. Los tuits fueron recogidos, seleccionados y clasificados en categorías. Se identificaron valoraciones negativas, positivas y neutrales. La investigación fue exploratoria y se basa en el enfoque del análisis del discurso de van Dijk. La técnica utilizada fue el análisis de contenido. Los resultados obtenidos arrojaron que los usuarios construyen sus identidades basadas en creencias. El trabajo concluye que es importante evaluar los comentarios porque influyen sobre las relaciones de integración y colaboración entre ambos países.
Violencia hacia la mujer y estrategias de afrontamiento en madres de familia de Ucayali, Perú
Authors: Carrión-Abarca Fernando , Aranda Turpo Jessica
Published: May 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la relación entre la violencia hacia la mujer y las estrategias de afrontamiento en mujeres de Ucayali, Perú. Participaron 302 madres de familia, con edades que oscilaron entre 18 a 60 años que sufrieron de violencia en algún momento de su vida. El diseño del estudio es no experimental de corte transversal y de alcance descriptivo correlacional. Se aplicó la Escala para Determinar el Nivel de Violencia Contra la Mujer y el Cuestionario de Estimación del Afrontamiento (COPE). En cuanto a los resultados, se encontró una relación inversa y significativa (rho= -,147*) entre violencia hacia la mujer y estrategias de afrontamiento centrado en el problema en madres de familia. Se concluye que a mayor violencia hacia la mujer menor serán las estrategias de afrontamiento centrado en el problema.
“To ‘tune in’ to the human tradition”
Authors: Lang Abigail
Published: May 2022

Lorsque Louis Zukofsky (1904-1978) commence à recourir à la traduction homophonique, elle n’existe pas en tant que telle : Zukofsky parle indifféremment d’homonymes, d’imitation sonore ou de translitération. Contrairement à Howard Chace (Anguish Languish, 1956) ou Luis van Rooten (Mots D’Heures: Gousses, Rames, 1967) qui furent des amateurs passionnés, Zukofsky consacra sa vie à l’écriture ; la traduction homophonique n’était pas pour lui une obsession singulière mais une technique parmi d’autres. Retracer l’apparition et l’évolution de la pratique homophonique chez Zukofsky montre qu’elle est en cohérence avec l’ensemble de sa poétique, à commencer par son matérialisme ; qu’elle participe d’une recherche prosodique et reproduit à l’échelle individuelle un fonctionnement structural des langues qui empruntent parfois le système prosodique ou les caractères d’écriture à leur voisine ; et qu’elle cherche à offrir l’accès le plus objectif possible à la tradition, en orchestrant un contact matériel, mais médiatisé, avec les œuvres du passé.
« Je ne sais pas ce que traduire veut dire »
Authors: Lajarrige Jacques
Published: May 2022

This chapter first examines Oskar Pastior’s poetic reflections on the process of translation, which can be read as a barely concealed controversial dialogue with Walter Benjamin’s essay “The Task of the Translator”. With this in mind, this essay then analyzes relevant examples of surface translation, or hetero- and homolingual homophony; they are read either as a tribute to related experimental poet colleagues from the family of the “literalists” (H. Ball, E. Jandl) or as an exemplary illustration of the postulated thesis of the impossibility of translation. We therefore focus on the role of Oulipo constraints and procedures, which sometimes reveal hidden allusions to Pastior’s biography in unexpected ways.
Aux sources de la traduction homophonique
Authors: Weissmann Dirk
Published: May 2022

This chapter focuses on the role of Austrian poet Ernst Jandl in the history of homophonic translation. It shows that Jandl, who is one of the major German post-war poets, can be considered one of the pioneers of this genre. His sound translation experiences are closely related to his experimental poetry of the late 1950s and early 1960s, situated in the broader context of the Concrete poetry movement. In addition to a reading of Jandl’s famous sound translation of a poem by William Wordsworth, this essay will address the question of the connections between Jandl’s specific translation method (which he called Oberflächenübersetzung, i.e. surface translation) and its precursors (nonsense poetry, modernist translation, etc.) by raising the question of his legacy.
Модификация исторического шифра «двойной квадрат» Уитстона в учебном процессе как составляющая ответа на глобальные вызовы информатизации
Authors: Шептунов Максим Валерьевич
Published: May 2022

В статье один из вариантов модернизации давно известного исторического шифра «двойной квадрат» Чарльза Уитстона 1854 г. предложен в качестве составляющей ответа высшего образования в сфере международной информационной безопасности, в том числе развития социотехнических систем. Он строится на операциях «max» и «min», введение которых в шифр направлено на повышение стойкости криптографического преобразования благодаря управляемым перестановкам, которые осуществляются по отличающемуся принципу подстановкам.
Prosthodontic management of pediatric patients
Authors: Justin George , Raghawan Rohit , P.A Shajahan
Published: May 2022

Loss of teeth in children may lead to both functional and esthetic problems. Absence of teeth in both anterior and posterior regions may lead to malfunctions in mastication and proper pronunciation. The common complications that occur when missing teeth are present and not replaced includes adjacent tooth migration, loss of alveolar bone, and irregular occlusion. Premature loss of teeth may develop complexes and low esteem, leading to insecurities considering the sensitive nature of children. It should also be taken into consideration that prosthetic appliance should not hinder the growth of orofacial system and must meet necessary functional and esthetic standards as there is active nature of growth in children and adolescents.
Usos, retos y perspectivas de las técnicas visuales en la investigación en salud pública
Authors: Betancur-Betancur Catalina , Oviedo-Cáceres María del Pilar
Published: May 2022

Desarrollar formas alternativas de comprender los fenómenos sociales requiere métodos de investigación que amplíen el alcance de las entrevistas, grupos focales y técnicas de observación participante. Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los usos, retos y perspectivas de las técnicas visuales en el campo de la salud pública; se busca con ello aportar al enriquecimiento de las opciones metodológicas y ampliar el repertorio investigativo utilizado para la comprensión de los procesos de salud y de enfermedad en las poblaciones. Con estas técnicas, el proceso de investigación puede ser más abierto, más democrático, más atractivo e incluyente; en salud pública, estas abren posibilidades para enfoques colaborativos y fomentan el reposicionamiento de los participantes como coproductores del conocimiento.
Bullous Allergic Contact Dermatitis Caused by Potassium Dichromate
Authors: Navarro-Triviño Francisco J , Prados-Carmona Álvaro , Velasco-Amador Juan Pablo , Ruiz-Villaverde Ricardo
Published: May 2022

NONE
Presentación
Authors: Pérez de las Heras Beatriz
Published: May 2022

La distribución de los primeros fondos del plan europeo de recuperación, el levantamiento progresivo de las restricciones Covid, los trabajos de la Conferencia sobre el Futuro de Europa y la tensión geopolítica provocada por la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania han marcado la actualidad europea en los primeros meses de 2022. En este contexto incierto e inquietante, la Unión Europea (UE) se afana en abordar los importantes retos que tiene ante sí, como la transición climática, la digitalización, la seguridad en sus fronteras exteriores y la autonomía estratégica, entre otros. La respuesta que se de a estos desafíos determinará, no solo la posición de la UE en el tablero mundial, sino la sostenibilidad del propio proyecto europeo en los próximos años. Este número misceláneo 66/2022 de Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto incluye cinco contribuciones sobre diversos temas de actualidad europea, abordados desde diferentes perspectivas disciplinares.
Elecciones al Parlamento Europeo y programas de los partidos nacionales: estudio exploratorio de España (1987-2019)
Authors: Ares Castro-Conde Cristina , Mangana Ríos Alicia
Published: May 2022

Tras la celebración de dos elecciones al Parlamento Europeo, en 2014 y 2019, a partir de la entrada en vigor del Tratado de Lisboa, en diciembre de 2009, resulta oportuno avanzar en el examen del papel de los partidos nacionales, los europartidos y los grupos políticos en la Eurocámara en la conformación de preferencias sobre asuntos de la UE y su traslación a las decisiones públicas adoptadas en el nivel supranacional del sistema político europeo a través de las aportaciones del Parlamento. Este trabajo presenta datos de un estudio exploratorio de España que analizó 68 programas de partidos y coaliciones que obtuvieron representación desde 1987 a 2019 en la única institución de la UE elegida directamente por todos los ciudadanos. Examinamos la extensión de estos textos y las menciones a los europartidos, sus candidatos —desde 2014— a presidir la Comisión Europea (Spitzenkadidaten) y los grupos políticos en la Eurocámara. El estudio preliminar permite conocer el caso español en los factores señalados, realizar algunas observaciones sobre las elecciones europeas en este país en tanto que cadena de delegación crecientemente relevante debido al fortalecimiento del Parlamento en la configuración institucional de la UE, así como formular hipótesis de cara a investigaciones en perspectiva comparada con distintos Estados miembros.

Recibido: 06 septiembre 2021Aceptado: 25 febrero 2022
Actualidad institucional y económica de España en el marco de la Unión Europea
Authors: Iñarritu Beatriz
Published: May 2022

Sumario: I. Introducción.—II. El Estado de la integración. —III. Cuestiones generales de la actualidad económica.
La «Religiosidad A» como clave de lectura de la Primera Parte de La enfermedad mortal
Authors: Rodríguez Pablo Uriel
Published: May 2022

La relación entre la Primera y la Segunda Parte de La enfermedad mortal es problemática. La lectura standard dice que la Primera Parte desarrolla una interpretación antropológica del yo y la Segunda Parte desarrolla una interpretación teológica del yo. Pero esta interpretación colisiona contra la definición inicial del yo como una relación derivada que se relaciona con el poder que la ha puesto. Este artículo se propone ofrecer una respuesta a esta cuestión. Nuestra tesis es que la solución a esta dificultad es la noción de «religiosidad A». Kierkegaard distingue dos tipos de religiosidad: una de ellas cae dentro de la esfera de la inmanencia (A), la otra dentro de la esfera de la trascendencia (B). En primer lugar, resumiremos los tres conceptos centrales de la «religiosidad A»: renuncia, sufrimiento y conciencia de culpa. En segundo lugar, intentaremos demostrar que el desarrollo de la conciencia desesperada de La enfermedad mortal (Primera Parte) se corresponde con el movimiento existencial de la «religiosidad A».
The Advent of the War on Drugs
Authors: Farber David
Published: May 2022

This brief history of drug policy in the United States lays the groundwork for understanding President Richard Nixon’s 1971 declaration of a War on Drugs. It reveals Americans’ centuries-long love-hate relationship with intoxicants. From that conflicted relationship emerged abolitionist movements that led to the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which generally prohibited the sale of alcoholic beverages from 1920 to 1933, as well as a series of local, state, and national laws that first regulated and then punished both the sellers and the consumers of a variety of substances, including opium, cocaine, heroin, and cannabis.
A novel potentiometric sensor for the determination of Pb(II) ions based on a carbothioamide derivative in PVC matrix
Authors: ÖZBEK Oğuz
Published: May 2022

In this research, a carbothioamide derivative molecule was synthesized to be used as an electroactive material, and poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane lead(II)–selective potentiometric sensors with different components were prepared. Among various compositions, the best potentiometric performance was exhibited by the membrane having the electroactive material, bis(2–ethylhexyl)sebacate (BEHS), PVC, and potassium tetrakis(p–chlorophenyl)borate (KTpClPB) in the ratio of 4.0:63.0:32.0:1.0 (w/w). The proposed sensor exhibited a Nernstian response in the concentration range of 1.0×10-5–1.0×10-1 mol L-1 with a slope of 29.5±1.6 mV/decade. The detection limit of the sensor was 3.96×10-6 mol L-1. The potentiometric response of the lead(II)–selective sensor was independent of pH of test solution in the pH range of 5.0–9.0. The developed sensor had very good repeatability, stability, and selectivity, as well as a response time of 5s. These novel lead(II)–selective sensors, produced cost–efficiently, have been successfully used as an indicator electrode for the potentiometric titration of Pb(II) against EDTA and for the determination of Pb(II) ions in different water samples.
Struktura użytkowania ziemi w małych miastach otoczenia aglomeracji śląskiej
Authors: Gibas Piotr
Published: May 2022

Autor w swojej publikacji prezentuje wyniki przeprowadzonych badań nad aglomeracją górnośląską. Badanie składało się z czterech części: w pierwszej wybrano gminy, które współtworzą aglomerację górnośląską wraz z graniczącymi z nimi powiatami; w drugiej na podstawie map pokrycia tereny według klasyfikacji CORINE wygenerowano ryciny obrazujące przestrzenny i strukturalny rozkład form zagospodarowania przestrzeni; w trzeciej scharakteryzowano wybrane do badania miasta pod względem sposobu użytkowania ziemi; w czwartej podjęto próbę wygenerowania typologii małych miast otoczenia aglomeracji górnośląskiej na podstawie dwóch kryteriów (dominującej formy pokrycia terenu oraz dominującego sposoby zabudowy zurbanizowanej).
Sexual and Gender Minority Health in Cancer Research: Progress to Date
Authors: Jackson Sarah S. , Barnhart Christopher , Sharman Anu , Parker Karen L.
Published: May 2022

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has established significant infrastructure to support research and related activities for sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations. The foundation of the NIH SGM Research Coordinating Committee and the Sexual & Gender Minority Research Office has helped foster the pursuit of work focused on or relevant to SGM individuals across the NIH Institutes, Centers, and Offices and raise awareness more broadly about the importance of this work. Despite this progress, however, there remain crucial gaps in our knowledge base on the health and well-being of SGM people, such as in the field of cancer. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has recognized the need for increased research on cancer in SGM populations and the paucity of data that currently exists. Potential future directions to address these issues are highlighted and include increased communication about pertinent research opportunities at NCI and enhanced population-level data collection to identify SGM-specific gaps in cancer knowledge and research.
The Workplace Discrimination Experiences of Americans with Disabilities: An Examination of Midwestern States
Authors: Leslie Mykal , McMahon Brian , Rumrill Phillip , Strauser David , Bergthold Eileen
Published: May 2022

Background

The purpose of this study was to examine the workplace discrimination experiences of individuals with disabilities residing in the Midwest by exploring their allegations filed under Title I of the ADA from 1992 through 2016.

Objective

The goals of this article are to describe region- and state-level patterns in workplace discrimination and to provide valuable information to stakeholders to better understand and address the issues within their respective areas of practice.

Methods

Using population level data of every available closed discrimination allegation filed under Title I of the ADA from its effectuation (January 26, 1992) through the most recent available data (December 31, 2016), descriptive statistics were obtained for each state within the Midwest for each of the five specific research questions. Data for each state represent the overall frequencies and proportions for each state and are presented in the context of their respective national and regional rankings for comparison purposes.

Results
Relación de la expectativa de rendimiento, expectativa de esfuerzo, influencia social, riesgo percibido y costo percibido con la intención de uso de aplicaciones móviles para transacciones bancarias
Authors:   , Campos Ramirez Jennifer , Menacho León Nicole Alissa
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación busca conocer la relación entre la expectativa de rendimiento, expectativa de esfuerzo, influencia social, costo percibido y riesgo percibido con la intención de uso de la banca móvil en usuarios que están en proceso de desarrollo y transformación digital. El perfil del usuario en estudio es la persona bancarizada y digital que tiene acceso a internet y a un dispositivo móvil. Sin embargo, este no utiliza las aplicaciones de pago por factores como desconocimiento, miedo y desconfianza. Por ese motivo, aún presenta altos niveles de uso de dinero en efectivo. El objetivo principal del estudio es identificar si las variables anteriormente mencionadas, utilizando como base el modelo UTAUT, tienen relación con la intención de uso de aplicativos móviles para realizar transacciones bancarias; con la finalidad de proponer estrategias de marketing que puedan impulsar el uso de la banca móvil y permitir al sector bancario seguir creciendo de forma inclusiva en el país. La metodología que se utilizó fueron dos entrevistas a profundidad a expertos en el rubro a fin de recaudar información sobre lo que acontece actualmente en el sector y la postura de la banca con respecto al perfilamiento de los usuarios ante los canales digitales. Finalmente, se aplicaron 200 encuestas efectivas con preguntas descriptivas para determinar la relación entre las variables en estudio y la intención de uso de aplicativos móviles para transacciones bancarias en usuarios bancarizados entre 36-55 años que residan en las zonas 1 y 9 de Lima Metropolitana.
Comparación de la vulnerabilidad sísmica de edificios de concreto armado de 35 pisos con núcleo rígido, con amortiguadores de fluido viscoso y disipadores SLB, mediante el análisis modal pushover en la ciudad de Lima
Authors:   , Arita Claros Luis Humberto , Lezameta Navarro Rodrigo André
Published: May 2022

Actualmente en la ciudad de Lima existe un número limitado de edificios de gran altura. Por lo que no existe mucha literatura de este tipo de edificaciones en Perú. Los códigos peruanos se enfocan en edificios de mediana y baja altura. Por ello, se requiere realizar estudios más detallados para analizar y diseñar de forma más adecuada estas edificaciones altas según la realidad del país. En el presente artículo, se desarrollará el análisis modal pushover a 6 tipos de edificaciones de concreto armado de 35 niveles en la ciudad de Lima. Se plantea 3 modelos de edificación con distinto sistema estructural y con diferentes plantas (cuadrada y rectangular), siendo las áreas de 29m x 29m y 52m x 26m respectivamente. Estos sistemas estructurales son de núcleo rígido y pórticos con sistema de disipación de energía (amortiguadores de fluido viscoso y disipadores SLB) con objetivo de estudiar su comportamiento frente a solicitaciones sísmicas. Estas edificaciones se establecieron en función de los criterios y requerimientos de los códigos vigentes en el país, como también, distribución de la planta de edificaciones comúnmente usadas para oficinas y viviendas. Se encontró que los periodos naturales oscilan entre 2.6 a 3.3 segundos para edificios de núcleo rígido, se presenta un incremento para los edificios de amortiguamiento viscoso de 4.2 a 5.4 segundos y también para los de dispositivos SLB oscilan en un rango de 3.7 a 4.6 segundos. Se realizó, a su vez, un análisis no lineal estático modal para obtener las curvas de capacidad para cada tipo de edificación, las cuales fueron comparadas con las demandas sísmicas según las provisiones de diseño de la norma peruana sísmica E.030 y un promedio de espectros de registros de aceleraciones de eventos sísmicos severos en Perú y escalados en un rango de 0.2T a 1.5T. Finalmente, se determinó los puntos de desempeño para cada caso de edificación siguiendo las metodologías del ATC-40 encontrando que los edificios altos con núcleo rígido presentan aproximadamente el doble de rigidez que los edificios con sistema de disipación de energía, como también, presentan poca ductilidad a diferencia con los edificios con disipadores que presentan una larga ductilidad.