bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
School combo-desk comfort assessment: A method for weighing postural factors that affect the overall perceived comfort
Authors: Califano Rosaria , Cecco Marianeve , De Cunzo Giuseppina , Napolitano Nicoletta , Rega Emanuela , Fiorillo Iolanda , Naddeo Alessandro
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

In recent years, a growing interest in ergonomics and comfort perception in secondary schools and universities can be detected, to go beyond the UNI-EN regulations and understanding how practically improve students’ perceived comfort during lessons.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to analyse the (dis)comfort perceived by students while sitting in a combo-desk during lessons; it proposed a method for understanding and weighing the influence of postural factors on overall (dis)comfort.

METHODS:

Twenty healthy students performed a random combination of three different tasks in two sessions - listening, reading on a tablet and writing. Subjective perceptions were investigated through questionnaires, in which the expected and the overall comfort were evaluated; postural angles were gathered by processing photos through Kinovea® software and were used for the virtual-postural analysis, using a DHM (Digital Human Modelling) software; statistical analysis was used to investigate the influence of subjective comfort of each body part on the overall perceived comfort.

RESULTS:

The statistical correlations were used to perform an optimization problem in order to create a general law to formulate the overall comfort function, for each task, as a weighted sum of the comfort perceived in each body part. The test procedure, additionally, evaluated the influence on comfort over time. The results showed how the upper back and the task-related upper limb are the most influencing factors in the overall comfort perception.

CONCLUSIONS:

The paper revealed a precise and straightforward analysis method that can be easily repeated for other design applications. Obtained results can suggest to designers easy solution to re-design the combo-desk.
Study of the relationships between articular moments, comfort and human posture on a chair
Authors: Cappetti Nicola , Manso Emmanuel Di
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

One of the aspects that influences the sitting comfort is the distribution of the pressure applied to the skin by the seat surface. In the scientific literature, many studies show experimental activities in order to evaluate the influence of pressure distribution at the seat-human interface on the comfort evaluation. The main limitation in seat design is based on the difficulties to predict the contact pressures distribution without prototypes because of the complex interaction among body muscles, wearing, human’s anthropometric characteristics, shape and materials of the seat. Moreover, the same human can assume different postures on the same seat, and different people, seated on the same chair, can assume different postures even if they have the same anthropometric percentile.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study is to propose a mathematical model evaluating interaction loads between human segments and seat segments.

METHOD:

In this model, a human body represented by 8 segments is placed on a 6 segments seat with posture dependent on seat segments and on position of the coccyx on seat and feet on floor. Human segments can be configured in length and weight and friction between body and seat is considered. A model validation study based on an experimental comparison with contact pressures is also presented.

RESULTS:

The experiment showed that there is a remarkable recursion of some stress values of the articular joints of the pelvis, hip and knee. By imposing these values in the calculation model, it is possible to determine, for each chair configuration, which postures will be assumed by a person, and to make a preliminary assessment of the level of comfort possible.
Incorporating driver activity in holistic comfort models
Authors: Moertl Peter , Hoefler Margit , Ewerz Benjamin
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

We motivate and describe a holistic comfort model to account for the impact of driver and passenger activities on their comfort experiences in vehicles. The proposed model is an expansion of existing ones and postulates two dimensions of comfort that are linked with cognitive moderation processes toward holistic experience: physiological comfort combines multiple physiological experiences such as thermal, auditory, and postural comfort and is moderated via cognitive processes of focusing or masking. On the other hand, emotional comfort reflects the experience of activities and is moderated by cognitive appraisal processes.

OBJECTIVE:

Using this model, we derive three hypotheses that are examined.

METHOD:

In a driving simulator study, 32 participants assessed holistic and physiological comfort while driving under various conditions.

RESULTS:

The participant responses on various comfort questions loaded on two main principal components that closely resemble the distinction between holistic and physiological comfort. Also, the driving and non-driving activity types seemed to have a different impact on holistic versus physiological comfort as predicted by our model.
Analysis and modeling of human seat interaction with a focus on the upper body and backrest using biomechanics and contact mechanics
Authors: Liu Yuezhi (Sean) , Zhong Xianzhi , Ghebreiyesus Wintta , Ji Jiancheng , Xi Fengfeng (Jeff)
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

This paper outlines a method to study the interaction between the human body and the aircraft seat concerning the seat comfort.

METHOD:

Firstly, the human body is modeled based on biomechanics and divided into a number of body segments connected by joints according to human anatomy. The angles between the body segments are obtained by curve fitting of the existing biomechanical research data. The contact forces between the human body and the seat are modeled using pairs of bi-lateral point forces. These forces are calculated and located through the analysis of the center of gravity of each body segment and average muscular structure of the human body. The geometry of the human and the seat is obtained from a 3D scan model or a CAD model. Secondly, the pressure distribution between the human body and the seat is modeled and calculated using the contact stress theory. The results of the two parts are combined to analyze the comfortability in relation to different postures, backrest recline angles and changing in shape and material.

RESULTS:

Simulations were performed and they are compared with experimental measurement and various FEM studies for validation. It is found that accuracy of this method is comparable with most FEM calculation.

CONCLUSION:

This method provides a new direction in cushion conform research. It is faster and convenient to use comparing to the FEM, and the result is reliable.
Posture, movement, and aircraft passengers: An investigation into factors influencing in-flight discomfort
Authors: Sharafkhani Mahnaz , Argyle Elizabeth , Cobb Sue , Tennent Paul
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Aircraft passengers’ physical activity levels are often limited during flight for extended periods of time, which can have serious impact on health, comfort, and passenger experience. However, several factors, such as limited personal space and social factors, can make movement difficult.

OBJECTIVE:

The study aimed to identify participant behaviour and postures during medium to long-haul flights and their effect on location and severity of physical discomfort. This work investigated how aircraft passengers’ comfort ratings changed over time and explored the association between postures and comfort ratings during flight. The study also explored the association between performing in-flight exercises and factors limiting participants’ abilities to complete these exercises.

METHOD:

Twenty-nine participants sat in an aircraft simulated cabin for 180 minutes and periodically performed in-seat exercises. They also completed a questionnaire providing data on demographic information, self-reported discomfort scores for multiple areas of the body, which types of exercises participants performed, and qualitative comments about discomfort. Self-reported comfort ratings were measured at 20 min intervals and posture identification was conducted by analysing the video recordings.

RESULTS:

Six postures were identified, and it was observed that individual participants changed posture at least once and up to nine times during the three-hour period. Body part areas with the highest reported scores of discomfort ratings were: back of the neck, back-left shoulder, back-right shoulder, back-left buttock, and lower back. Participants reported that they had difficulty in performing recommended in-flight exercises due to limited space.

CONCLUSIONS:

Limited space in aircraft seating restricts passenger movement. Some body areas are more prone to discomfort.
Model construction and analysis of ride comfort for high-speed railway seat cushions
Authors: Tang Zhi , Liu Zhihui , Tang Yingte , Dou Jinzhen , Xu Chang , Wang Lina
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

More and more people choose to travel by high-speed railway. The seats in these vehicles are an important contact point and comfort of the seat cushions needs attention.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of this study is to choose among three seat cushions, the one that creates most comfort for a high-speed train.

METHODS:

Twelve healthy volunteers were selected to participate in the experiment. Three different surface shape models of high-speed railway seat cushions were used. The Seat Pressure Distribution Index (SPD%) was calculated and analysed. A 7-point Likert scale questionnaire was applied for subjective evaluation.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:

The evaluation is based on subjective and objective data. The results showed that the front protruding cushion made the pressure distribution more even, while the flat cushion had the smallest SPD% and the static pressure was most evenly distributed. This knowledge was beneficial for the design of comfortable high-speed railway seat cushions.
Concept evaluation of a new aircraft passenger privacy bubble using virtual prototyping: A Human-Centered Design framework
Authors: Torkashvanda G. , Li M. , Vink P.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

The Human-Centered Design methodology advocates VR prototyping, as an effective tool to evaluate concepts in a cost-efficient, time-saving way. It is the question of whether it works in the development of a product intended to increase privacy while flying.

OBJECTIVE:

The current study aims at the application of virtual reality on the evaluation of a new privacy bubble called PRIVA for the passenger cabin.

METHODS:

An interactive VR was created and aligned with the HTC VIVE headset. 40 participants took part in the experiment as well as in the post-experiment survey.

RESULTS:

The concept was in overall, desirable as it was perceived to be more private, comfortable, satisfactory, effective, and appealing to participants compared to the current seat experiences. It was also perceived as more satisfactory with regards to the activities.

CONCLUSIONS:

The VR was effective, although there are limitations, the product seems promising and should be developed further.
Objective and subjective evaluation of a new airplane seat with an optimally pre-shaped foam support
Authors: Wang Xuguang , Beurier Georges , Zhao Mingming , Obadia Jean Marc
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Aircraft seat manufacturers are making efforts to reduce seat weight while continuously increasing seating comfort.

OBJECTIVES:

To verify if seats with an optimally pre-shaped foam support could improve seating comfort while reducing seat weight.

METHODS:

The optimally pre-shaped surface was obtained from a synthesis of 95% of individually optimized compressed seat pan surfaces of a target population. Two new seats were proposed with two different cushions, one slightly softer and the other harder. Nineteen differently sized volunteers tested the two new seats and an existing seat randomly. After an assessment of initial discomfort, participants were instructed to watch a TV series for 50 minutes. A same questionnaire was used to assess both initial and longer-term discomfort. Contact forces and pressure distribution were analysed as well in-chair movements (ICM) during sitting.

RESULTS:

The two new seats exhibited lower shear, lower peak pressure and larger contact area on the seat pan as well lower number of ICM during the 50 minutes sitting. They also had lower initial overall discomfort, though significant differences between the seats were not found after the long sitting.

CONCLUSIONS:

Properly pre-shaped surface could be used as foam support to reduce the amount of foam while reducing seating discomfort.
The effect of the standing angle on reducing fatigue among prolonged standing workers
Authors: Liu Zhihui , Wang Li , Kong Fanlei , Huang Xia , Tang Zhi , He Shi , Vink Peter
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:

Many occupations require workers to stand for prolonged periods, which can cause discomfort, pain and even injures. Some supermarkets in life provide a foot pad for checkout staff to let them stand on it at work, thereby reducing standing fatigue caused by standing for a long time. The inclined platform is the same as the foot pad mentioned above. That is, the staff stepped on it and relieved standing fatigue to a certain extent.

OBJECTIVE:

The study aims to analyze how the standing angle affects fatigue among prolonged standing workers and tries to find an inclined platform with a specific angle to reduce standing fatigue.

METHODS:

This experiment studied fatigue of the inclined platforms with different angles on prolonged standing workers, eight participants were selected to participate in the test. The plantar pressures and sEMG (Surface Electromyography) were used to collect the physiological information change of prolonged standing participants in the lower limb and waist. The visual analogue scale was used as a subjective method to measure the psychological fatigue.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:

The study highlights the relationship between standing angle and lower limb fatigue. The inclination of the standing platform has different effects on the participants under different time conditions. When participants stand on inclined platforms at 0°, 5° and 10°, the iEMG (Integrated Electromyography) values of the gastrointestinal muscle were not significantly different until the third sampling point (40 minutes). After that self-regulation of lower limb muscles is better when standing on an inclined platform between 5° and 10°, it has a certain effect on alleviating lower limb fatigue. This knowledge is crucial for the design of the inclined working platforms fitting the needs of prolonged standing workers.
An Inquiry into the Effectiveness of an In-Game Sponsorship Activation Experience on Sponsorship Awareness and Share of Wallet
Authors: Hickman Thomas M.
Published: December 2020

Abstract: This article explores the impact of an In-Game Sponsorship Activation Experience (SAE) on its ability to promote sponsorship awareness and share of wallet gains for the sponsoring brand of a college basketball team. The term In-Game SAE is introduced to the literature and is defined as entertainment featuring the sponsoring brand that occurs during a game, which allows for voluntary fan participation. In addition, three other sponsors of the same team are studied that did not utilize an In-Game SAE. Results indicate that an In-Game SAE elevates awareness and share of wallet among attendees as compared to the television audience. These differences were not found for sponsors that lacked an In-Game SAE. These results suggest an In-Game SAE creates memorability with attendees that translates into marketplace support. Additionally, the study finds that general purchase intentions and team identification are unreliable predictors of sponsorship awareness.
A Study of Asparagus Preservation Capacity of Chitosan-Alginate and Chitosan-Carrageenan Biofilms
Authors: Tran Yen Thi Ngoc , Nguyen An Thi Thao , Bui Anh Nguyen Nhat
Published: December 2020

Fresh postharvest green asparagus rapidly deteriorate due to its senescence process and high transpiration rate. This thesis aims to utilize the available sources of carrageenan and alginate for combining with pure chitosan coating solution, thus create a new multi-component coating that can overcome the limitations of pure chitosan coating, and show more effective in maintaining the quality of postharvest green asparagus. The gel solution ratio 2:1 (v/v) of chitosan 1% (w/v) and alginate 0.2% (w/v), had ability to prolong shelf-life of asparagus for 3 days (from weight loss point of view) and 7 days (from visual quality point of view) compared to control sample. The weight loss was less than about 12% and also ensured lower firmness change, maintained higher chlorophyll content, exhibiting better quality of asparagus compared to control and chitosan coated sample. The chitosan-alginate (2:1 v/v) coated asparagus achieved highest sensory score in day 7 and 14 of storage and lowest total aerobic growth in 14 days of storage at 4 ºC. The coating biofilm of chitosan-alginate could be considered as the new multi-component edible coating which showed high effectiveness in quality preservation and shelf-life extension of asparagus.
The Effect Of Facial Vertical Dimension Changes On The Value Of Facial Harmony In Malocclusion Class II Skeletal In RSGM USU
Authors: Yusuf Muslim , Bahirrah Siti , Sembiring Bernadetta
Published: December 2020

Treatment of Class II malocclusion have impact in relation to the vertical dimensions of the skeletal and facial soft tissues mainly to the facial balancing and proportion which relate to patient facial harmony. The aim of this study was to determine the changes and differences in facial vertical dimensions to the total value of facial harmony in skeletal Class II after treatment with extraction and non-extraction of the maxillary first premolar based on Arnett and Bergmann at the Orthodontic Specialist Clinic of RSGM, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The sample consisted of initial and final cephalometry of 36 patients with age 18-35 years old, skeletal Class II malocclusion ANB > 4o, divided into extraction of maxillary first premolar and non-extraction group. Cephalometric tracing with the required points, then the photos are processed into image J software. Then the data that obtained is tested statistically with Pearson’s Correlation Test and T-Test Independent. There was a significant change between MP-SN and Pog-Imd (P=0,036) in the first premolar extraction group, but there was not a significant change in the non-extraction first premolar group. There was a significant difference in the face harmony value at point G-A between the extraction and non-extraction groups (P=0,038). There was a significant difference on the face harmony value in the treatment of malocclusion Class II orthodontic with maxillary first premolar extraction.
Numero di casi di influenza pandemica in Brasile nel 2009 e nel 2010
Authors: Torres Carine Correa , Facco Lucas , Fecury Amanda Alves , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Souza Keulle Oliveira da , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos
Published: December 2020

L’influenza pandemica è una malattia infettiva estremamente trasmissibile. I sintomi principali che un individuo può sviluppare sono: tosse, mal di gola, naso che cola, febbre e difficoltà a respirare. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro era mostrare il numero di casi di influenza pandemica in Brasile negli anni 2009 e 2010. Ricerca svolta nella banca dati del Dipartimento di Informatica del Sistema Sanitario Unificato del Brasile – DATASUS (http://datasus.saude.gov.br/). Il virus influenzale ha come caratteristica la sua estrema trasmissibilità, un fattore che ha contribuito all’alto numero di infetti. Nel 2010 è stata rilevata una riduzione numerica dei casi, probabilmente a causa dell’espansione delle conoscenze della popolazione sulla prevenzione e la conoscenza della malattia e delle sue implicazioni organiche. È stato osservato che, nel 2009 e nel 2010, ci sono stati più casi di influenza pandemica tra le femmine (principalmente nelle donne in età fertile, in gravidanza o meno), in Brasile e di conseguenza un numero maggiore di decessi. Rispetto al 2009, nel 2010 ci sono stati più casi in cui il paziente si è evoluto positivamente, raggiungendo l’esito della cura.
Handling Imbalanced Data in Intrusion Detection Systems using Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Vu Ly , Nguyen Quang Uy
Published: December 2020

Machine learning-based intrusion detection hasbecome more popular in the research community thanks to itscapability in discovering unknown attacks. To develop a gooddetection model for an intrusion detection system (IDS) usingmachine learning, a great number of attack and normal datasamples are required in the learning process. While normaldata can be relatively easy to collect, attack data is muchrarer and harder to gather. Subsequently, IDS datasets areoften dominated by normal data and machine learning modelstrained on those imbalanced datasets are ineffective in detect-ing attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel solution to thisproblem by using generative adversarial networks to generatesynthesized attack data for IDS. The synthesized attacks aremerged with the original data to form the augmented dataset.Three popular machine learning techniques are trained on theaugmented dataset. The experiments conducted on the threecommon IDS datasets and one our own dataset show thatmachine learning algorithms achieve better performance whentrained on the augmented dataset of the generative adversarialnetworks compared to those trained on the original datasetand other sampling techniques. The visualization techniquewas also used to analyze the properties of the synthesizeddata of the generative adversarial networks and the others.
Kawalerowie Krzyża Żelaznego w getcie łódzkim
Authors: Wiatr Ewa
Published: December 2020

Pod koniec 1941 r. do getta w Łodzi deportowano 20 tys. Żydów z Europy Zachodniej. Znajdowała się wśród nich kilkusetosobowa grupa weteranów z pierwszej wojny światowej, w tym wielu odznaczonych Krzyżem Żelaznym. Grupa ta została oficjalnie wyłączona z wywózek Żydów zachodnioeuropejskich do obozu zagłady Kulmhof an der Nehr w maju 1942 r.
Labyrinths and Tangled Paths. The Story of a Righteous One
Authors: Engelking Barbara
Published: December 2020

The article tells the story of Henryk Ryszewski, who provided hiding to about a dozen Jews in his flat in the Warsaw district of Mariensztat. Accused after the war of blackmailing Jews (as I think, wrongly), he was convicted and spent several years in prison. His prosecutor fell victim of the ‘paper industry affair’ show trial and also spent a few years in prison.
Niedoszły wydawca dziennika Mary Berg
Authors: Weinbaum Laurence
Published: December 2020

The subject matter of the article is the refusal to publish Mary Berg’s (Miriam Wattenberg) diary by “The Dial Press” publishing house in 1945.
Przebaczenie jako kategoria współczesnego dyskursu pamięci na przykładzie Kinderszenen Jarosława Marka Rymkiewicza i Słonecznika Szymona Wiesenthala
Authors: Napiórkowski Marcin , Dobrosielski Paweł
Published: December 2020

Przebaczenie jako kategoria współczesnego dyskursu pamięci na przykładzie Kinderszenen Jarosława Marka Rymkiewicza i Słonecznika Szymona Wiesenthala Forgiveness as a Category of Modern Memory Discourse as Seen in Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz’s Kinderszenen and Simon Wiesenthal’s The Sunflower:On the Possibilities and Limits of Forgiveness The text attempts to describe forgiveness as one of the key categories of modern memory discourse. To this end the authors analyzed two texts: Kinderszenen by Jarosław Marek Rymkiewicz and Simon Wiesenthal’s The Sunflower: On the Possibilities and Limits of Forgiveness. Even though the two texts talk explicitly about forgiveness, the unexpressed discourse rules they are based on turn out to be equally interesting. Among them, following Jacques Derrida’s suggestion, it is possible to attribute the biggest importance to the definition of the “unforgivable,” towards which the question about the act of forgiveness occurs to be secondary. Paralleled reading of the two texts allows us then to see that it is not an act of forgiveness or lack of forgiveness, but a call for forgiveness (or for no forgiveness) which constitutes the basic practice of memory today. The attitude toward this call is the basis on which memory communities constitute themselves.
Michał Andrzejczak, Faszyzm włoski i hitleryzm w publicystyce Romana Dmowskiego w latach 1922–1939
Authors: Krzywiec Grzegorz
Published: December 2020

Michał Andrzejczak, Faszyzm włoski i hitleryzm w publicystyce Romana Dmowskiego w latach 1922–1939, Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Nortom, 2010, 256 s.
Muhammed el-Medenî et-Trabzonî ve Risâle fî Beyâni mâ Yüzekker ve Yüennes vemâ Yetbeuhû mine’l-Fevâidi’l-Mühimme Adlı Eseri
Authors: Bulut Ali
Published: December 2020

The full name of Muhammed et-Trabzon is Muhammed b. Mahmûd b. Salih b. Hasan et-Trabzonî el-Medenî el-Hanefî. He was born in 1100 in Hijri (1688-1699 AD). After Trabzon, he had been in Istanbul, Mecca, Medina, Damascus and Jerusalem. Trabzonî has more than 50 works in various sciences, especially in hadith, seerah and Arabic language. Almost all of these works have manuscripts in the Library of Süleymaniye at the section of Devr-i Hamîdî. In this treatise, as we found out, Trabzonî, studied the words that were considered and used as mudhakkar (masculine) –muannath (feminine), alphabetically and benefited in his work from two main sources. They are Feyyûmî’s (d. 770/1368) el-Misbâhu'l-Münîr and Fîrûzâbâdî’s (d. 817/1415) el-Kâmûsü’l-Muhît. This article consists of two parts. In the first part, the life and works of Muhammed al-Medeni et-Trabzonî (d. 1200/1786) was studied as well as, the content of his treatise, which deals with mudhakkar-muannath words in Arabic, and his method, sources and place in the literature were discussed. In the second part, the edition criterion of the treatise will be made.
Przedawnienie roszczeń w sprawach o ochronę dobrego imienia
Authors: Górski Adam
Published: December 2020

Kwestia upływu czasu w sprawach o ochronę dobrego imienia jest niezwykle istotna zarówno dla potencjalnych sprawców, jak i poszkodowanych. Dziennikarze zastanawiają się, jak długo mogą odpowiadać za napisany w przeszłości artykuł, natomiast osoby poszkodowane zadają sobie pytanie, ile mają czasu na wytoczenie powództwa, czy też złożenie prywatnego aktu oskarżenia. Prezentowany artykuł omawia wybrane problemy dotyczące przedawnienia roszczeń związanych z ochroną dobrego imienia w ujęciu prawa cywilnego i karnego, tak materialnego, jak i procesowego.
93 Harbine Giden Buhranlı Dönemin Bazı Siyasi Olaylarının Fransız Büyükelçilik Yazışmalarına Yansımaları
Authors: UYGUR Fatma
Published: December 2020

Osmanlı Devleti'nin tasfiyesi anlamına gelen Şark Meselesi bağlamında 93 Harbini içine alan 1875-1878 yılları, devletin kaybettiği toprak, insan ve prestij bakımından Türk tarihinin buhranlı dönemlerinden biri olmuştur. Avrupa güç dengesi siyasetinde, büyük güçlü devletler, Osmanlı Devleti'nin toprak bütünlüğünü koruma politikasından, birbirlerini diplomasi yoluyla vazgeçirmeye başlamışlardır. Fransa ise Rusya, Avusturya- Macaristan, İngiltere ve Almanya'yı güvenilmez olarak görmüş kendi ajanları ve yetkin diplomatları sayesinde bu ülkelerin aralarında gizli görüşmeleri önceden tespit edip buna göre pozisyon almış veya konjonktürün gereğini kabul etme çabası içine girmiştir. Fransız Büyükelçiler gizli, çok gizli ve hususî ibareli belgelerle, başta Rusya olmak üzere, İngiltere, Almanya, Avusturya-Macaristan ve diğer ülkelerin diplomatik bilgilerini veya hamlelerini Fransız Dışişleri'ne aktarmışlardır. Kritik anlarda atılan adımlar, memorandumlar, notalar, acil telgraflar, kısa notlar, şifreli yazılar veya teferruatlı raporlar bu sürecin önemini ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmada, Fransız Büyükelçilik yazışmalarında ele alınan, Hersek ayaklanması, Bulgar isyanları, Selânik vakası ve akabinde vuku bulan kritik konular ele alınmıştır. İstanbul, Paris, Londra, Berlin, Viyana ve Saint-Petersbourg gibi merkezlerde bulunan Fransız Büyükelçilerin, bu olaylara değin diplomatik görüş ve düşünceleri ortaya konulmuştur. Bu süreçte, Avusturyalı Kont Andrassy, Rus General İgnatief ve Fransız Dük Decazes gibi dönemin öne çıkan güçlü diplomatik ve siyasi figürlerinin karşılıklı olarak başlattıkları yazışmalar incelenmiştir. Hiç şüphesiz Fransızların olaylara bakışında ilgili bölgeden gelen taraflı elçilik raporları etkili olmuştur. Ancak Fransa'nın politik tutumunu ortaya koyması bakımından dikkate değer kabul edilmiştir.
FATORES DE RISCO PARA DOENÇAS RESPIRATÓRIAS EM CRIANÇAS BRASILEIRAS: revisão integrativa
Authors: Corrêa Costa Beber Lílian , Meggiolaro Gewehr Daiana , Cecconello Luana , Machado Sulzbacher Maicon , Gomes Heck Thiago , Moraes Berlezi Evelise
Published: December 2020

As doenças respiratórias estão entre as principais causas de internação hospitalar de crianças, que são mais suscetíveis ao desenvolvimento de doenças respiratórias graves. Diversos fatores podem influenciar na sua incidência, comportamentais, ambientais, como a exposição à poluição atmosférica e as variações climáticas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi elencar fatores de risco que contribuem para a incidência de doenças respiratórias em crianças brasileiras. Foi realizada revisão integrativa da literatura, com a pergunta norteadora: “Quais os principais fatores de risco para doenças respiratórias em crianças brasileiras?”. Foram incluídos na revisão 20 artigos. Quanto aos fatores associados as doenças respiratórias, 50% (10) referiram a poluição e queimadas, 20% (04) a condições climáticas naturais, 15% (03) a infecções virais, 10% (02) a fatores comportamentais e/ou domésticos e 10% (02) mencionaram a história da doença na família. Dos estudos que investigaram a poluição atmosférica, 88,8%, evidenciaram que há um aumento na incidência de eventos respiratórios mesmo em níveis que não são considerados danosos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. A poluição atmosférica foi o principal fator de risco investigado pelos estudos e o MP2,5 foi o principal poluente mencionado.
SEGURANÇA MICROBIOLÓGICA DO LEITE HUMANO DESCARTADO POR SUJIDADE, NO BANCO DE LEITE HUMANO DE PALMAS – TOCANTINS
Authors: Borges Natália Rodrigues , Da Silva Juliana Fonseca Moreira , Pereira Renata Junqueira
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade e a segurança microbiológica do leite cru, recebido pelo Banco de Leite Humano do Hospital e Maternidade Pública Dona Regina, e descartado por conter sujidade, durante a análise sensorial do processamento. Foram realizadas análises microbiológicas em 25 amostras de leite humano descartado por sujidade. Cada amostra foi filtrada para retirada da sujidade e subdividida em duas porções (crua e pasteurizada). As análises microbiológicas foram realizadas em cada uma das porções, com e sem pasteurização. As amostras foram submetidas à avaliação de indicadores de contaminação: números mais prováveis de Coliformes Totais e Termotolerantes e presença de E. coli. Do total de amostras analisadas, 28% apresentaram resultados positivos na fração crua, para contaminação por coliformes totais, no teste presuntivo. Essas amostras também apresentaram produção de gás no teste confirmativo para coliformes totais. O teste confirmativo para termotolerantes revelou 16% das amostras com presença de termotolerantes. Os resultados da enumeração de coliformes totais e termotolerantes variaram de < 0,3 a >110 NMP/mL. A filtragem do LH seguida de pasteurização mostrou-se uma alternativa viável e muito eficaz, com negativação dos testes microbiológicos para toda as amostras. Retirar a sujidade por meio da filtração e pasteurizar o leite humano é uma alternativa segura, que certamente diminuirá o volume de leite desprezado nos Bancos de Leite Humano.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DE FATORES SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS E QUALIDADE DE VIDA INFLUENCIADA PELA UTILIZAÇÃO DE COSMÉTICOS E SATISFAÇÃO COM APARÊNCIA FÍSICA EM MULHERES
Authors: Soaigher Katiane Aparecida , Marques Andréa Grano , Yamaguchi Miriam Ueda , Silva Tânia Maria Gomes da , Bernuci Marcelo Picinin
Published: December 2020

O objetivo do presente estudo foi associar fatores sociodemográficos à qualidade de vida influenciada pelo uso de cosméticos e satisfação com a aparência física das mulheres. Trata-se de estudo descritivo, transversal, desenvolvido no Município de Maringá-Paraná, de janeiro a março de 2017. O público alvo foi mulheres na faixa etária de 18 a 69 anos, usuárias ou não de produtos cosméticos. A coleta de dados ocorreu em ruas com alto fluxo de pessoas. Os dados de medida de qualidade de vida influenciada pela utilização de cosméticos e aparência física foram obtidos por meio da aplicação do instrumento BeautyQoL a uma amostra de 405 mulheres. O instrumento foi composto por 42 questões avaliando a qualidade de vida e uso de cosméticos em cinco diferentes domínios: vida social, autoconfiança, humor, energia e atratividade. A média do escore geral de qualidade de vida foi 54,10 pontos indicando qualidade de vida mediana. Os maiores escores foram obtidos em relação ao domínio de autoconfiança (66,63 pontos), seguido pelos domínios de atratividade (57,75 pontos) e vida social (52,92 pontos). O domínio relativo à energia foi o que apresentou o menor escore médio (38,51 pontos) seguido pelo domínio do humor (47,87 pontos). Os dados amostrais não apontaram evidências suficientes de que as medianas do escore de qualidade de vida diferem significativamente de acordo com os fatores sociodemográficos considerados. Conclui-se que fatores sociodemográficos não estão associados à qualidade de vida influenciada pela utilização de cosméticos e satisfação com a aparência física em mulheres.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA COVID-19 EM SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Henrique de Moura Pedro , Antunes da Luz Ramsés , Julia Pegoraro Ga Maria , Klokner Sarah , Torrico Grasiela , KnapiK Janete , Sepúlveda Sales Synara , Domingos Onofre Adelino , Pereira Labiak Fernanda , Fernandes Yordi Mirian , Frasson Rafael , Endrigo Ruppel da Rocha Ricelli , Cruz Roberto Moraes
Published: December 2020

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico da COVID-19 em Santa Catarina. Foram estudados os coeficientes de prevalência, incidência, mortalidade e letalidade, com base nos dados secundários fornecidos pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina acerca da distribuição de casos confirmados da COVID-19 no período de 14 semanas (28 de fevereiro a 30 de maio de 2020), e segundo o sexo, a faixa etária e a macrorregião de referência. Os resultados apontam que as taxas de prevalência de casos ativos e incidência em Santa Catarina foram ascendentes, mas de tendência linear, diferentemente da curva exponencial verificada no Brasil, no mesmo período de tempo. Constatou-se uma maior prevalência de casos ativos entre as mulheres, mas um maior número de óbitos e maior taxa de letalidade entre os homens, em praticamente toda a série temporal considerada. As maiores prevalência e incidência da COVID-19 foram detectadas nas faixas entre 20-39 e 40-59 anos, grupos mais sujeitos à exposição e disseminação do vírus, e menor incidência foi detectada na população mais jovem (0-19 anos). A taxa de letalidade por faixa etária mostrou-se especialmente significativa entre os mais idosos. As macrorregiões do Grande Oeste e Foz do Rio Itajaí foram as que mais aportaram casos acumulados da COVID-19, tanto em termos de prevalência quanto de incidência. Novos estudos durante a após a pandemia devem avançar no entendimento da disseminação da doença em Santa Catarina e no Brasil.
Tomografia computadorizada como diagnóstico para tuberculose abdominal
Authors: Silva Milena Roberta Freire da , Souza Karolayne Silva , Santos Milena Danda Vasconcelos , Leite Kaleen Massari , Silva Jaqueline dos Santos , Silva Diego Canuto Bispo da , Fidelis Kleber Ribeiro , Silva Rodrigo Reges dos Santos , Santos Graziele dos , Silva Renata Pereira Lima da , Nunes Filipe Silva , Brito Leandro Paes de , Lima Felicson Leonardo Oliveira , Oliveira Maria Betânia Melo de
Published: December 2020

Introdução: A tuberculose (TB) é uma doença infectocontagiosa causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis. No Brasil no ano de 2017, foram notificados 69.569 novos casos, com um coeficiente de incidência de 33,5 casos a cada 100 mil habitantes. A TB abdominal pode envolver diversas estruturas, sendo definida em quatro formas: linfadenopatia tuberculosa, tuberculose peritoneal, gastrointestinal e visceral. Nesta perspectiva, este estudo tem como objetivo mostrar os principais aspectos clínico da TB abdominal e como esta pode ser diagnosticada através da tomografia computadorizada (TC). Metodologia:Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratória na qual se realizou buscas nas bases eletrônicas nacionais e internacionais na língua portuguesa e inglesa. Resultados: Na linfadenopatia tuberculosa os principais achados de imagem são aumento volumétrico dos linfonodos, calcificação e formação de massas linfonodais, já na TB peritoneal o principal achado é a ascite, na TB gastrointestinal pode se observar o espessamento parietal e espessamento mesentérico, e por fim na TB visceral é visto o aumento das dimensões do órgão. Conclusão: A TC tem vantagens sobre os demais exames de diangónstico desta patologia a medida que examina diversas estruturas abdominais concomitantemente. Esta é uma doença curável, que se diagnosticada precocemente pode ser instituido o tratamente adequado o mais breve possível.
From disposal to sustainable development: technological potential of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends with 3D filament waste
Authors: Marinho Wellerson Salomão Diniz , Luna Carlos Bruno Barreto , Araújo Edcleide Maria , Lustosa Carlos Heitor de Andrade , Bezerra Filho Celso Rosendo , Duarte Raimundo Nonato Calazans
Published: December 2020

Additive manufacturing is growing rapidly in the automotive, medical, and aerospace industries as an option for the manufacturing of products. However, there is a continuous growth in the amount of waste generated by 3D filaments, thus, the reuse practice becomes important, since it brings environmental and economic gains. The present research evaluated the mechanical, thermal, thermomechanical and rheological properties of PLA/PLAr blends containing post-consumption 3D filament. The blends were prepared in a co-rotational twin screw extruder and, subsequently, the extruded granules were injection molded. As the PLAr content in the blends (PLA/PLAr) increased, there was a reduction in viscosity, indicating an improvement in manufacturability. The PLA/PLAr blend (75/25 % wt.) increased the degree of crystallinity compared to neat PLA, indicating that PLAr acted as a nucleating agent. As a consequence, the PLA/PLAr blend (75/25 % wt.) showed performance comparable to neat PLA in thermal stability, elastic modulus, tensile strength, Shore D hardness, impact strength, heat deflection temperature (HDT) and Vicat softening temperature. The reuse of post-consumption 3D filament PLA is feasible for the development of materials with good properties. In addition, value is added to the post-consumption material and there is a contribution to sustainable development.
Perspectivas docentes sobre o uso das TDIC na Educação Básica em tempos de pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Diana Nara da Silva , Melo Carla Gardênia da Silva , Ribeiro Luís Távora Furtado , Almeida João Paulo Guerreiro de , Basílio Edvar Ferreira , Lima Carlos Rochester Ferreira , Castro Edna Ribeiro de , Gabriel Neto José Antônio
Published: December 2020

O presente estudo almeja desvelar as concepções dos docentes sobre o uso das tecnológicos da informação e comunicação no contexto educacional, especificamente na Educação Básica do município de Jaguaruana-Ceará, bem como suas reflexões acerca dos desdobramentos da inserção desses recursos no período da pandemia do COVID-19, a partir do ensino remoto. Fundamentando-se em procedimentos metodológicos que misturam métodos quali-quantitativos, tendo como referência a pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir de Santos (2009), Moran (2000), e da pesquisa de campo, pois utilizamo-nos de questionários eletrônicos aplicados a professores. Nossos achados permitiram refletir que o processo adaptativo dos professores ao ensino remoto ora denota a falta de familiaridade com as TDIC, ora demonstra a tentativa de aprendizado com os recursos. Sobre a prática pedagógica nas escolas do município, os desafios denotam: as limitações da formação docente inicial e continuada; a precarização da profissão; a falta de infraestrutura física e recursos tecnológicos nas instituições; a inacessibilidade aos meios tecnológicos pelos discentes e docentes, seja na escola no domicílio e a ausência de políticas públicas para inclusão digital dos sujeitos escolares. Todos estes desafios marcados pela desresponsabilização do Estado na democratização do acesso e permanência na escola/sucateamento da educação. Diante disso, acreditamos que antes de se pensar em ensino remoto, em ensino híbrido deve-se haver a democratização da educação e das TDIC, pois a educação é um direito constitucional.
Antibacterial and antioxidant potential of Spondias tuberosa Arruda (Anacardiaceae) extracts
Authors: Santos Antonia Thassya Lucas dos , Carneiro Joara Nályda Pereira , Andrade-Pinheiro Jacqueline Cosmo , Araújo-Neto José Bezerra de , Sales Débora Lima , Freitas Maria Audilene de , Almeida-Bezerra José Weverton , Batista Francisco Lucas Alves , Magalhães Francisco Ernani Alves , Pereira Cícera Cryslany Soares Sales , Luciano-Torres Maria de Lara Alves , Lima Elvis Estilak , Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo , Morais-Braga Maria Flaviana Bezerra
Published: December 2020

Antimicrobial resistance and the consequent inefficiency of antibiotics are the main problems faced by medicine. In view of this, numerous researches have been aimed at looking for new agents with antibacterial activity, among them natural products. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves and roots of Spondias tuberosa by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), as well as to verify the antibacterial action of the extracts alone and in combination with commercial antibiotics to evaluate its potential in action of change of antibiotics. The extracts showed polar and nonpolar phenolic substances with antioxidant action. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves and roots was 1,024 μg/mL compared to the Staphylococcus aureus 25923 strain, whereas with the other strains, the products showed an MIC ≥ 2,048 µg/mL. The effect of combining extracts with amikacin, ampicillin and norfloxacin against the multidrug-resistant bacteria Escherichia coli 06, Staphylococcus aureus 10 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 24 resulted in synergistic effects with aminoglycoside alone, achieving up to 75 % reduction in the MIC of the antibiotic. In view of the results obtained, it can be concluded that the extracts of S. tuberosa presented polar and nonpolar phenolic substances, in the antibacterial activity it can positively modify the effect of the aminoglycoside antibiotic against multi-resistant bacteria, but future studies are necessary to discover the mechanism of action of such an effect.
A tecnologia e o apoio à aprendizagem baseada em problemas: uma breve revisão da literatura considerando estudos práticos
Authors: Bezerra Ângela Cristina Sampaio , Araújo Ana Cláudia Uchôa
Published: December 2020

O estilo de vida no mundo digital sinaliza mudanças no âmbito profissional, educacional e social. As tecnologias digitais podem contribuir em diversas áreas. Assim, utilizá-las no processo de construção do conhecimento pode gerar um ganho de potencial. Este artigo vai ao encontro de indicações de mudanças no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, não só em relação à inserção das tecnologias digitais, mas também à estratégia de ensino e aprendizagem utilizada. Esta revisão de literatura pretende dar conhecimento aos estudos publicados entre 2015 e 2019 relacionados ao apoio das tecnologias digitais à estratégia de Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas (ABP). Como característica metodológica, o trabalho se enquadra como um estudo exploratório, de natureza qualitativa. Utilizou-se de critérios de busca nos indexadores Scopus, Eric e Web of Science, com palavras-chave relacionadas às estratégias de ABP e as tecnologias digitais, seguido de exclusão e seleção de artigos abertos. Os artigos relacionados apresentam estudos práticos envolvendo a temática, os quais resultaram em desafios e benefícios no campo educacional. Através da análise de conteúdo presente nos estudos foi possível constatar que o uso das tecnologias digitais proporcionou, de uma forma geral, interação, conhecimento e habilidades digitais. Os avanços apontados sugerem indicações para implementações futura, considerando um melhor desempenho de todos os envolvidos.
Atuação da enfermagem no cuidado a pacientes com câncer de mama: revisão integrativa
Authors: Souza Tábata de Cavatá , Monteiro Daiane da Rosa , Trevisan Bibiana Fernandes , Mallmann Francielly Haygertt
Published: December 2020

Atualmente, no cenário mundial e no Brasil, registra-se um aumento do número de diagnósticos de câncer de mama, o que causa grande impacto na saúde pública e na qualidade de vida dessas pacientes. Dessa maneira, faz-se necessário a presença do enfermeiro nas ações multidisciplinares desde a prevenção até o tratamento, demonstrando suas funções na gestão a assistência, na educação e no apoio psicossocial a essas pacientes. Objetiva-se relatar a atuação do enfermeiro frente a mulheres com diagnóstico de câncer de mama. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com oito artigos selecionados nas bases de dados LILACS e SciELO entre o período de 2010 e 2020. Após a leitura, análise e interpretação dos dados, as publicações evidenciam diferentes desafios enfrentados pelo enfermeiro no cuidado a paciente com diagnóstico de câncer de mama, sendo sua atuação indispensável na orientação sobre a doença. Conhecer as barreiras relacionadas ao tratamento adequado do adoecimento físico e psicossocial entre outras demandas do contexto social pode ser uma importante ferramenta na busca de meios para oferecer uma assistência de mais qualidade a esta população.
Índice de queda de blocos e caracterização geológica-geotécnica em taludes rodoviários: um estudo de caso na BR-262
Authors: Santos Allan Erlikhman Medeiros , Silva Denise de Fátima Santos da , Mendonça Guilherme Alzamora , Santos Thayna Valeriano , Amaral Rafaella Resende , Silva Laura Adriele Moura
Published: December 2020

A avaliação geológico-geotécnica de taludes rodoviários são de extrema importância para a segurança da via, pois a partir destes estudos é possível elaborar programas de prevenção e de alerta e a implantação de obras para redução dos danos nestes empreendimentos. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização geológico-geotécnica e avaliação do perigo à queda de blocos dos taludes localizados às margens da rodovia BR-262, entre as cidades de Betim e Nova Serrana, em Minas Gerais. Em relação a classificação dos maciços foram aplicados os sistemas RMR, Sistema-Q e GSI. Posteriormente, foram realizadas, análise cinemática, análise de estabilidade e por fim taludes foram hierarquizados conforme o perigo à queda de blocos. Em nenhum dos taludes o RMR foi inferior à regular. Os resultados das demais classificações foram concordantes com o RMR. Os fatores de segurança indicaram que os taludes estão estáveis. O talude com maior grau de perigo foi o Talude P4 - A e o de menor perigo foi o Talude PM1.