bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender and Knowledge Shape Ethical Perceptions Among Indonesian Accounting Students
Authors: Rokhimulloh  , Oktavia Rini Dina Dwi
Published: August 2024

This study explores how gender and knowledge level influence accounting students' perceptions of unethical behavior among accountants. Conducted at Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo, the qualitative research involved students from the 2019 to 2022 cohorts. Data was collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, using triangulation for validation. The results show that while both male and female students have similar interpretations of ethics, female students generally have a better understanding. Additionally, higher knowledge levels correlate with a broader ethical understanding, but ethical orientation is ultimately influenced by individual morals and personal interests.
 
Highlight:  

Male and female students share similar ethical interpretations.
Female students exhibit better understanding of ethical concepts.
Knowledge level enhances understanding, but ethics depend on morals and interests.

Keyword:  gender, knowledge level, unethical behavior, accounting students, qualitative study
Improve Initial Numeracy Skills Through Animated Arithmetic Media of Children Aged 5-6 Years at TK Ar-Rochman Pondok Jati Sidoarjo
Authors: Nurlaila Anissa , Rocmah Luluk Iffatur
Published: August 2024

This study discusses efforts to improve initial numeracy skills through animated arithmetic media at Ar-Rochman Kindergarten Pondok Jati Sidoarjo.The research method used is the Classroom Action Research model of Kemmis and Mc.Taggart with the stagees of planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. Action subjects totaled 15 children. The activity begins with the Pre-Cycle, then the research process uses 2 stages, namely Cycle I, children study with assistance and Cycle II, children study alone with friends. The results of the study showed that the initial numeracy skills of the Pre-Cycle, Cycle I and Cycle II experienced a significant increase. This proves that there is an increase in children’s initial numeracy skills after using animated arithmetic media.
Highlights: 

The study utilizes Classroom Action Research to assess the impact of animated arithmetic media on initial numeracy skills in a kindergarten setting.
The research consists of three stages: Pre-Cycle, Cycle I, and Cycle II, demonstrating a progressive improvement in children's numeracy skills.
Findings indicate a significant enhancement in children's initial numeracy skills, affirming the effectiveness of animated arithmetic media in the learning process.

Keywords: Counting Starts, Children, Animated Arithmatic Media
The Empowering Marine Tourism in Indonesia Through the Crucial Role of BUMDES
Authors: Tio Hardika Fanji , Riyadh Achmad
Published: August 2024

This study examines the role of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) in developing the Tlocor Marine Tourism Village in Indonesia. Through qualitative research, including interviews, observations, and document analysis, the research highlights BUMDES Mitra Abadi's impact across economic, social, environmental, cultural, and political dimensions. Key findings show that BUMDES has significantly improved local economic conditions, promoted community involvement, enhanced environmental awareness, and strengthened cultural activities. However, challenges such as limited private investment and insufficient government support persist. The study underscores the need for continued backing from both the government and private sector to ensure sustainable tourism development in Tlocor.
Highlights:
1. Economic Impact: BUMDES boosts local economies through community-based tourism.2. Community Involvement: Promotes social cohesion via diverse age group participation.3. Environmental Awareness: Enhances waste management and conservation efforts.
Keywords: BUMDES, Tlocor Marine Tourism, community development, sustainable tourism, Indonesia
Uncovering Workplace Dynamics from their Impact on Job Satisfaction
Authors: Irawan Ferdi Rahmad , Kumala Sari Herlinda Maya
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the relationship between workplace conflict, job stress, compensation, and job satisfaction within PT Otsuka Indonesia Distribution. Using quantitative methods and data from 101 employees, findings reveal that workplace conflict and job stress negatively impact job satisfaction, while compensation has a positive effect. These factors collectively influence job satisfaction, highlighting the importance of addressing workplace dynamics for organizational success.
 
Highlight: 
Quantitative analysis: Conflict, stress, compensation's impact on job satisfaction.
Conflict, stress reduce; compensation boosts job satisfaction.
Understanding key factors vital for organizational success and employee well-being.
 
 
Keyword:  Konflik di Tempat Kerja, Stres Kerja, Kompensasi, Kepuasan Kerja, Analisis Kuantitatif
The Devastating Psychological Impact on Elementary School Students of Bullying in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Salsadila Elsa , Azizah Nurul
Published: August 2024

This study examines bullying at Larangan Sidoarjo Public Elementary School in South Sidoarjo and its psychological effects on victims. Using a qualitative case study method, data were collected through interviews and observations with teachers, parents, and victims, supplemented by secondary sources. Analysis followed the Miles and Huberman approach. Findings indicate that bullying includes both physical and verbal forms, leading to psychological issues such as low self-confidence, environmental anxiety, trauma in forming new friendships, and communication embarrassment. One notable case involved a student, RDF, who became introverted and sad due to verbal bullying about physical differences. The study underscores the need for effective anti-bullying programs and psychological support in schools.
Highlights:
1. Bullying Types: Physical and verbal forms identified.2. Psychological Impact: Low self-confidence, anxiety, trauma in friendships.3. Case Highlight: RDF became introverted from verbal bullying about physical differences.
Keywords: Bullying, Psychological effects, Elementary school, Qualitative study, Anti-bullying programs
Adolescent Pregnancy in Indonesia Leads to Severe Psychological Impact
Authors: Azis Yuliyantiningsih Arni , Azizah Nurul
Published: August 2024

Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to unwanted pregnancies, leading to significant psychological impacts. This study explores the psychological effects of pregnancy on 15-18-year-old adolescents, focusing on a 17-year-old case study. Using in-depth interviews and the DASS 42 scale, we found that pregnancy in adolescents leads to depression, anxiety, and stress, affecting both the individual and their environment. The subject experienced familial neglect and initial denial, attempted to terminate the pregnancy, but ultimately accepted it with family and partner support. The findings highlight the need for robust support systems and preventive education to address adolescent pregnancy's psychological challenges.
 
Highlight: 

Adolescent pregnancy causes severe depression, anxiety, and stress.
Family and partner support is crucial for coping.
Preventive education is essential for reducing psychological distress.

 
Keyword:  dolescent pregnancy, psychological impact, depression, anxiety, stress
Interpersonal Communication On The Quality Of Spousal Relationship Of Tb Ro Patients - Span Of Treatment Period
Authors: Istiqomah Istiqomah
Published: August 2024

Tuberculosis is an irresistible illness that can go after anybody. The focal point of this examination purposely took instances of TB RO, where TB cases have a longest term of around 2 years contrasted with normal TB with a treatment time of 6 or 9 months. Then, the scientist plans to figure out the relational correspondence among husband and spouse couples, what is the nature of relational correspondence in couples impacted by TB RO illness, on the grounds that the treatment period is long, the nature of the husband and wife relationship might be viewed as in a terrible condition or the other way around, so this examination centers around the quality, for example, receptiveness, compassion, strong demeanor, inspirational perspective and balance found in relational correspondence while as yet focusing on a humanistic viewpoint where the component of humanistic accentuation is a lot of thought about in this point of view.
Highlights : 

Extended Treatment Impact: Investigates how the prolonged treatment duration of TB RO (up to 2 years) affects marital relationships, differing significantly from standard TB treatment timelines.
Communication Quality: Focuses on key aspects of communication quality in couples, including openness, empathy, supportive attitudes, positivity, and equanimity, amidst the challenges posed by TB RO.
Humanistic Approach: Emphasizes the importance of a humanistic perspective in understanding and addressing the psychological and emotional dimensions of coping with TB RO within marital dynamics.

Keywords : interpersonal communication, relationship quality, husband - wife, TB - RO
EAS Cherenkov LDF Analysis: CORSIKA Simulations for Tunka-133 and Chacaltaya Arrays
Authors: Fadhel Kadhom F. , Al-Rubaiee A. A.
Published: August 2024

This study leverages CORSIKA simulations to analyze the Lateral Distribution Function (LDF) of Cherenkov photons in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) within the knee region of the cosmic ray energy spectrum (10^15 - 10^16 eV). Focusing on primary particles like helium, proton, oxygen, and iron nuclei at varying zenith angles (0˚, 20˚, and 45˚), we aimed to reconstruct Cherenkov photons' LDF using an Exponential Function model, tailored as a function of primary energy. Our approach involved a comparative analysis of simulated LDFs with experimental data from the Tunka-133 and Chacaltaya arrays. The results exhibit a high degree of concordance between simulated and observed data, affirming the validity of our method. We developed a set of approximation functions for different primary particles and zenith angles, enhancing our ability to identify the particle type in EAS events and accurately determine its energy. The primary contribution of our work lies in its potential to rapidly compile a comprehensive LDF pattern library, instrumental for analyzing real EAS array events and reconstructing the mass composition and primary cosmic ray energy spectrum. This advancement in CORSIKA-based simulation methods marks a significant stride in cosmic ray research, offering a robust tool for detailed EAS analysis.Highlights : 

Validation of Simulation Accuracy: Demonstrated high concordance between CORSIKA simulated LDFs and experimental data from Tunka-133 and Chacaltaya arrays.
Enhanced Particle Identification: Development of approximation functions for various primary particles and zenith angles, improving accuracy in identifying particle types in EAS events.
Advancement in Cosmic Ray Research: Potential to create a comprehensive LDF pattern library, significantly aiding in the reconstruction of mass composition and primary cosmic ray energy spectrum.

 

Keywords : CORSIKA Simulations, Cherenkov LDF, EAS Analysis, Cosmic Ray Spectrum, Particle Identification
The Effect of Hepatitis B Vaccine on Health Workers in Medina
Authors: Karali Rayan Talaat , Said Faridah Mohd , Algaydi Khalid Homod , Alharbi Abdulrahman G. , Alharbi Adel Muslim , Alharbi Mohammed Abdullah , Alharbi Basmah Meqbel , Alharbi Majed Ghali , Almohammadi Bader Awad , Shujaa Khalid Adnan , Alanazi Ahmed Fahed , Alharbi Abdullah Ghali
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to assess hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination rates among healthcare professionals and understand their knowledge about HBV transmission. Conducted in a healthcare setting, the research employed survey methods to collect data on vaccination status and awareness levels. Alarmingly, only 25% of healthcare workers were found to be vaccinated against HBV, highlighting a significant gap in protection. Additionally, a considerable lack of awareness regarding HBV transmission was observed among the participants. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted vaccination campaigns and educational initiatives within primary healthcare environments. The study advocates for mandatory HBV vaccination as a condition of employment for healthcare workers, coupled with ongoing infection prevention and control training. Further research is recommended to explore the prevalence of HBV infection among healthcare professionals in primary care settings and to assess the broader implications for public health. This study serves as a critical call to action for healthcare systems to prioritize HBV vaccination and education, thereby safeguarding both healthcare providers and patients from HBV infection risks.
Highlights : 

Low Vaccination Rates: Only 25% of healthcare workers are vaccinated against HBV, indicating a critical need for improved vaccination coverage in healthcare settings.
Knowledge Deficit: There is a significant lack of awareness among healthcare professionals about HBV transmission, necessitating educational programs.
Policy Implications: The study advocates for mandatory HBV vaccination for healthcare workers, emphasizing the importance of infection control measures for public health safety.

Keywords : Hepatitis B Vaccination, Healthcare Workers, Infection Prevention, Public Health, Vaccination Awareness
The Social Divide: Impact of Gated Communities on Urban Interaction
Authors: Alkhafagie Karrar Hamza , Bassee Dheah Hameed
Published: August 2024

This study delves into the social ramifications of gated communities, particularly their influence on urban social interaction and city segregation. Utilizing space composition methodology, the research hypothesizes that gated communities diminish social interaction and contribute to urban segregation. Through a comparative analytical approach, two residential projects in Holy Karbala Governorate were examined in their existing gated state and in a hypothetical non-gated scenario. The findings substantiate the hypothesis, revealing that gated communities indeed lower clarity and integration values, which are pivotal for understanding and interacting within urban spaces. While these communities exhibit high internal social interaction, they lack city-level social engagement, thereby not supporting the social logic theory. Furthermore, the isolation of these residential projects from the broader urban fabric is linked to diminished quality of life and inefficient urban space usage. The study highlights the negative implications of gated communities on urban social dynamics, underscoring the need for reconsidering urban planning and residential project designs to foster more inclusive and socially vibrant urban environments.
Highlights : 

Gated communities significantly reduce clarity and integration in urban spaces, hindering broader social interaction and understanding of the urban environment.
Despite fostering high internal social interaction, gated communities fail to support city-level social engagement, leading to urban segregation.
The isolation of gated residential projects from the urban fabric contributes to a decreased quality of life and inefficient use of urban spaces.

Keywords : Gated Communities, Urban Segregation, Social Interaction, Urban Planning, Space Composition Methodology
Sports in Early Childhood for Optimal Holistic Development: A Comprehensive Exploration of MKSE
Authors: Mado Arifin
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out how an understanding of sports activities affects the overall development of young children, with a focus on motor development, cognitive, social and emotional well-being. The research was conducted through a mixed approach by conducting qualitative interviews, direct observations, and quantitative surveys with children, parents, and teachers. The results showed that children's motor development, cognitive progress, social skills and emotional well-being were positively correlated with children's sports understanding. This study has practical consequences, including the suggestion that sports activities should be incorporated into early childhood education to enhance their overall growth. This study provides the basis for a more comprehensive approach to education, providing a better understanding of the role of sport in optimizing children's development in the early stages of their development. Highlights: Holistic Influence: Examining sports understanding's broad impact on early childhood development, encompassing motor skills, cognition, and socio-emotional well-being. Robust Analysis: Employing qualitative interviews, direct observations, and quantitative surveys with children, parents, and teachers to provide a multifaceted understanding of the relationship. Educational Integration: Positive correlations between sports comprehension and motor development, cognitive progress, social skills, and emotional well-being underscore the need for incorporating sports activities into early childhood education. Keywords: Early Childhood, Sports Understanding, Holistic Development, Motor Skills, Cognitive Progress
Preschooler Social And Emotional Development During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Widyastuti
Published: August 2024

Pre-schoolers’ social and emotional development has impacted by Covid-19 pandemic. The pandemic has limited their activities. This study aims to narratively review various articles related to the social and emotional development problems of children affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and to find out its factors. Article reviews is used to collect data related to pre-schoolers social and emotional development and its factors during the pandemic. The result indicates that there are several psychological problems on pre-schoolers, namely anxiety, attachment issues, and maladaptive behaviour. The research also includes pre-schoolers’ social and emotional development moderating factors, namely parent belief, parenting stress, parenting efficacy, and school management. This research implies that boosting parent and school competencies to create playful and connected circumstances can help pre-schoolers’ develop their social and emotional competence.
Highlights:

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected pre-schoolers' social and emotional development.
Psychological issues, including anxiety and attachment issues, have emerged among pre-schoolers during the pandemic.
Parental beliefs, parenting stress, and school management play crucial roles in moderating pre-schoolers' social and emotional development during these challenging times.

Keywords: Pandemic covid-19, Preschool, Socioemotional Development
Educational Boost Slashes SIDS Risk Awareness Gap Among Nurses in Iraq
Authors: Mohammed Safa Ahmed , Aziz Afifa Radha
Published: August 2024

This study evaluates the impact of an educational program on nurses' knowledge of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) risk factors at pediatric teaching hospitals in Baghdad City. Using a quasi-experimental design with fifty nurses divided into a control and a research group, we assessed knowledge levels through pre-tests and two post-tests. Results indicated that the educational intervention significantly improved nurses' knowledge from 60% to 76%, although this effect diminished slightly over time. The study underscores the importance of continuous education in enhancing nurse awareness and the implementation of safe sleep practices to reduce SIDS occurrences.
Highlights: 

Educational Impact: The study demonstrates a significant increase in nurses' knowledge about SIDS risk factors following an educational intervention.
Sustained Learning: Knowledge gains were observed to diminish slightly over time, highlighting the need for ongoing educational programs.
Practical Implications: Enhanced nurse training supports safer sleep practices, potentially reducing the incidence of SIDS.

Keywords: Nurse Education, Knowledge, Risk Factors, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Safe Sleep Practices
Positioning Preterm Newborns for Cardiorespiratory Stability A Global Insight
Authors: Shamkhi Haneen  Abdul  Hussein , Shawq Adraa Hussein
Published: August 2024

This study assessed the effects of supine, prone, and right lateral positioning on the cardiorespiratory indicators of preterm newborns using a randomized controlled trial with 60 participants. Measurements of heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were taken before and after the application of these positions over three days. Results indicated significant improvements in all cardiorespiratory parameters in the intervention groups (p = 0.000), while the control group showed no significant changes. The findings suggest that strategic positioning can be an effective part of developmental care in neonatal intensive care units, enhancing the stabilization of vital functions in preterm newborns.
Highlights:

Strategic Positioning: Enhances cardiorespiratory stability in preterm newborns.
Methodological Rigor: Employs a robust randomized controlled trial.
Practical Implications: Recommends routine NICU positioning strategies.

Keywords: Preterm Newborns, Cardiorespiratory Stabilization, NICU, Positioning Strategies, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Gender Age Disparity in Amoebiasis Prevalence in Iraq
Authors: Khalaf Qasim Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

This comparative cross-sectional study evaluates the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amoebiasis, in the human population of Diyala Governorate, conducted at Alshams Medical Labs in Baqubah city. Despite the global health burden of amoebiasis, particularly in developing countries, data on its age and gender-specific prevalence remain sparse. Aimed at filling this knowledge gap, our research specifically assessed the distribution of E. histolytica in males and females across two age groups (1-15 years and 15-45 years). The study found that 74% of females aged 1-15 years harbored both cysts and trophozoites, while males of the same age group showed a markedly lower prevalence at 19%. In the 15-45 year age group, males demonstrated a higher prevalence (50%) compared to females (9%). These findings suggest significant gender and age-related disparities in the prevalence of E. histolytica. The results could inform targeted public health interventions and contribute to more effective management and prevention strategies for amoebiasis in endemic regions.
Highlights:

Gender Disparity: Marked differences in infection rates between males and females.
Age Influence: Varied prevalence across different age groups.
Health Strategy Needs: Highlights the necessity for targeted public health interventions.

Keywords: Amoebiasis, Entamoeba Histolytica, Prevalence, Gender Disparity
Unlocking Nurse Satisfaction Global Imperatives for Retention and Wellbeing
Authors: Hassan Hassan Mohammed , Faraj Faraj
Published: August 2024

This study explores job satisfaction among nurses through a descriptive cross-sectional analysis conducted from January to April 2024, using a purposive sample of 400 participants. The findings reveal that while 85.9% of nurses are moderately satisfied with their jobs, satisfaction varies significantly between internal job elements (77.5% satisfaction) and external job factors (62.2% satisfaction). The study recommends the implementation of career development programs, recognition initiatives, and work-life balance strategies, alongside stress management and resilience training, to enhance overall job satisfaction and prevent burnout. These measures are crucial for improving healthcare outcomes and reducing staff turnover.
 
Highlights:

Moderate Satisfaction: Most nurses are moderately satisfied, highlighting areas for improvement.

Satisfaction Disparity: There's a significant gap between satisfaction with internal and external job elements.
Strategic Interventions: Career development and stress management programs are recommended to boost satisfaction and retention.

Keywords: Nurse Satisfaction, Job Factors, Healthcare Management, Stress Prevention, Workforce Stability
Modulation of p53 and p21 Genes Expression in Cardiovascular Cultured Cells
Authors: Al Jebur Shurooq Hussein Jaber
Published: August 2024

This study explores the role of the p53 and p21 genes, central to the cell cycle arrest pathway, in cardiovascular diseases, focusing on their modulation by endocannabinoid ligands. Previous research has established the significance of CNR1 in cardiovascular regulation; however, its interaction with p53 pathways remains underexplored. We aimed to investigate the effects of Anandamide and Rimbonant on the expression levels of p53 and p21 in smooth muscle cells at both mRNA and protein levels. Our results indicate that Anandamide significantly increases p53 mRNA (3.191±0.38, Pv≤0.01) and protein (31.37±2.60) levels, while Rimbonant shows a decrease after 1 hour of treatment. Similarly, p21 expression was upregulated by Anandamide and downregulated by Rimbonant. These findings suggest that manipulating p53 activity through CNR1 ligands could potentially mitigate cardiovascular disease risks, warranting further investigation into their pharmacological applications.
Highlights:

Gene Modulation: Anandamide boosts p53 and p21 expression.
Rimbonant Effects: Rimbonant reduces these gene levels.
Therapeutic Potential: Indicates possibilities for cardiovascular disease treatment.

Keywords: P53 Gene, Cardiovascular Disease, Endocannabinoids, Anandamide, Rimbonant
Assessing Nursing Students' Knowledge of Sleeve Gastrectomy Effects
Authors: Hamid Samahir Sabri , Ali Wasfi Dhahir Abid , Atiyah Maher Abdulameer
Published: August 2024

This descriptive study assesses the knowledge of gastric sleeve procedures among 55 fourth-year nursing students at the College of Nursing in 2024. Recognizing the crucial role of nurses in managing obesity through surgical interventions, this research aims to identify educational gaps within the nursing curriculum. The students were evaluated using a structured questionnaire focused on their understanding of the procedure's link to obesity factors. Results indicated that the majority of students had a satisfactory knowledge level, with significant mean scores; however, about 25% of the responses—mainly those detailing surgical specifics—showed insufficient knowledge. These findings highlight the need for enhanced educational focus on bariatric surgery in nursing programs to better prepare students for clinical responsibilities in patient care and surgical support.
Highlights:

Knowledge Level: Majority of students showed good understanding of gastric sleeve procedures.
Knowledge Gaps: About 25% lacked detailed surgical knowledge.
Educational Implications: Results suggest the need for enhanced bariatric surgery content in nursing curricula.

Keywords: Gastrectomy, Obesity, Nursing Education, Bariatric, Knowledge
Radiology Safety in Iraq Exposes Critical Gaps in Training and Knowledge
Authors: Razooqi Ghufran Abdulsalam , Ra’aoof Husham Hussain Abdul , Issa Sajjad Salim
Published: August 2024

Ionizing radiation, with 18% from man-made sources, is widely used in medical imaging, posing significant hazards. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of 125 radiology staff in Basrah, Iraq, using a cross-sectional design from February to June 2023. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS version 26. Results showed 66.4% of respondents had good knowledge, with higher scores among males and those with higher education, particularly doctors. Positive attitudes were seen in 95.2% of participants, but correct practices varied significantly, and 88.8% had not undergone training on radiation hazards. The study underscores the need for improved training and education to enhance radiation safety awareness and practices.
Highlights:
 

Knowledge Levels: 66.4% showed good radiation hazard knowledge.
Training Gaps: 88.8% lacked radiation safety training.
Education Impact: Higher education, especially doctors, improved knowledge and practices.

 
Keywords: Ionizing Radiation, Radiation Hazards, Radiology Staff, Knowledge Assessment, Safety Practices
Parenting Styles and Social Phobia in Iraqi Teens
Authors: Asmail Anwar , Sajit Kareem
Published: August 2024

This study evaluated the socio-demographic characteristics and social phobia levels of 385 secondary school students in the Thi-Qar Governorate of Iraq. Using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed with IBM SPSS 20.0. Results indicated that students, predominantly from nuclear families and moderate-income homes, exhibited mild to moderate social phobia (M±SD = 32.47±7.852). Permissive parenting styles were linked to higher social phobia, with notable differences between mothers' and fathers' influences. The study underscores the need for school-based psychological support programs and calls for further research with larger, more diverse samples.
 
Highlight: 

Students exhibited mild to moderate social phobia (M±SD = 32.47±7.852).
Permissive parenting styles linked to higher social phobia.
Recommends school-based psychological support programs.

 
 
Keyword:  socio-demographic, social phobia, secondary students, parenting styles, Iraq
Dramatic Improvements in Patient Understanding of Epilepsy in Iraq
Authors: Khamis Hassan Ali , Al-Jubouri Mohammed Baqer
Published: August 2024

Background: Epilepsy, a chronic brain disorder causing recurrent seizures, affects over 50 million people globally, leading to significant social challenges due to prevalent misconceptions. Objective: This study aims to evaluate patients' knowledge about epilepsy at Baquba Teaching Hospital's neurological department. Methodology: A pre-experimental design with pretest and posttest assessments was conducted from July 11 to December 5, 2023, involving 100 epilepsy patients. Data were gathered using the Epilepsy Knowledge Scale (EKS), with both inferential and descriptive statistical analyses. Results: Patients initially had insufficient knowledge about epilepsy, but the instructional program significantly improved their understanding, as shown by notable pretest and posttest score differences. Novelty: This study highlights the efficacy of instructional programs in enhancing epilepsy knowledge among patients, emphasizing the importance of educational interventions in managing chronic neurological conditions. Implications: The results suggest that instructional programs should be routinely implemented in clinical settings to increase epilepsy awareness and knowledge among patients. Conclusion: The instructional program effectively enhances epilepsy knowledge among patients, suggesting it should be routinely implemented to improve patient education and outcomes, regardless of socio-demographic factors.
Highlight: 
 

Patients initially had low epilepsy knowledge.
Instructional program greatly improved understanding.
No link between knowledge and demographics.

 
Keywords: Epilepsy, patient knowledge, instructional program, neurological disorders, Baquba Teaching Hospital
Optimizing Conditions to Combat Antibiotic Resistance in Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Abbas Adawia Fadhel
Published: August 2024

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant adaptive trait that allows pathogenic bacterial subpopulations to out-compete and out-survive their microbial neighbors and overcome host defenses. Specific Background: Despite extensive research, the influence of various environmental parameters on antibiotic sensitivity in pathogenic bacteria remains underexplored. Knowledge Gap: There is limited understanding of how temperature, pH, bacterial inoculum volume, and culture medium amount affect the antibiotic resistance of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Aims: To investigate the effects of these parameters on the antibiotic sensitivity of four standard laboratory strains: Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Our findings indicate imipenem exhibited the highest sensitivity, with percentages varying significantly based on temperature (92% at 35-39°C), pH (83% at pH 6-8), inoculum volume (42% at 0.1-1.0 μL), and medium volume (67% at 15-35 ml). Conversely, antibiotics such as Piperacillin, Amoxicillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline 30, and Cephalexin showed high resistance, with Tetracycline 10 being the most resistant. Novelty: This study highlights the significant impact of environmental conditions on bacterial antibiotic resistance, emphasizing the need for tailored antibiotic use based on specific bacterial characteristics and growth conditions. Implications: The results suggest that optimizing environmental parameters can enhance antibiotic efficacy and inform better clinical practices to combat AMR, thus improving treatment outcomes for bacterial infections.
Highlights:
 

Parameter Influence: Temperature, pH, inoculum, medium amount affect antibiotic sensitivity.
Highest Sensitivity: Imipenem most effective across conditions.
Tailored Use: Optimize conditions for better antibiotic efficacy.

 
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, bacterial sensitivity, environmental parameters, Imipenem, pathogenic bacteria
Comparison of Fasting Blood Sugar Levels and Ureum Levels In Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Diabetic Nephropathy Patients
Authors: Ramadhani Adilla Cahya , Ardiansyah Syahrul
Published: August 2024

General Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Specific Background: A severe complication of DM is diabetic nephropathy, marked by progressive kidney function decline. Blood sugar and urea levels serve as crucial indicators in diagnosing DM and its complications. Knowledge Gap: Limited comparative studies exist on fasting blood sugar and urea levels between diabetes mellitus patients and diabetic nephropathy patients. Aims: This study aims to compare fasting blood sugar levels and urea levels in diabetes mellitus patients and diabetic nephropathy patients. Results: Conducted from April to June 2024, this quantitative, laboratory experimental study sampled 30 diabetes mellitus patients and 30 diabetic nephropathy patients from RSUD dr. Wahidin Sudiro Husodo, Mojokerto City. Using the SPSS Mann-Whitney test, the study found significant differences (p=0.000) in fasting blood sugar levels (125.20±20.348 mg/dL vs. 221.07±65.545 mg/dL) and urea levels (13.30±2.059 mg/dL vs. 54.10±26.699 mg/dL) between the two patient groups. Novelty: This study provides novel insights into the metabolic differences between diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy patients, emphasizing the progressive impact of high blood sugar on kidney function. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of early intervention and continuous monitoring of blood sugar and urea levels to prevent or mitigate diabetic nephropathy in DM patients.
Highlights :

Significant Differences: The study found significant differences in fasting blood sugar and urea levels between diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy patients.
Metabolic Insights: Provides insights into the metabolic impact of high blood sugar on kidney function in diabetic nephropathy patients.
Clinical Implications: Highlights the need for early intervention and continuous monitoring to prevent or mitigate diabetic nephropathy in DM patients.

Keywords : Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Nephropathy, Fasting Blood Sugar Levels, Urea Levels, Kidney Function
Enhancing Pediatric Nursing Skills by Top Learning Strategies
Authors: Hameed, MScN Ayat A. , Shawq, PhD Adraa H.
Published: August 2024

Background: The efficacy of educational strategies is crucial for nursing students to competently perform pediatric procedures like nasogastric tube insertion. Specific Background: This study evaluates the effectiveness of simulation, blended, and self-directed learning strategies in enhancing these skills among nursing students. Knowledge Gap: Previous research lacks a comprehensive comparison of these strategies' impacts on skill development in pediatric nursing contexts. Aims: The study aims to assess the effectiveness of different educational strategies on nursing students' ability to perform pediatric nasogastric tube insertions. Methods: A pre-experimental design was employed at the College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, involving 60 students divided into three groups. Data were collected via an observational checklist from October to December 2023 and analyzed using SPSS. Results: Significant improvements in students' skills were observed across all groups. Simulation strategy showed highly significant differences with p-values of .001 and large effect sizes (Partial Eta Squared: .887, .902, .582). Blended strategy also demonstrated significant results with p-values of .001 and large effect sizes (Partial Eta Squared: .813, .936, .883). The self-directed strategy was similarly effective, with p-values of .001 and large effect sizes (Partial Eta Squared: .871, .739, .667). Descriptive statistics revealed a notable increase in mean scores in post-tests, indicating the effectiveness of these strategies. Novelty: This study uniquely compares the effectiveness of simulation, blended, and self-directed learning strategies, providing comprehensive insights into their impacts on pediatric nursing education. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of incorporating diverse learning strategies in nursing curricula to enhance practical skills, suggesting that a combination of these methods could be most beneficial for student learning and competence in clinical settings.
Highlights:
 

Effective Strategies: Simulation, blended, and self-directed learning enhance pediatric nursing skills.
Significant Improvement: All methods showed highly significant skill development with large effect sizes.
Unique Comparison: The study provides valuable insights for nursing education curricula.

 
Keywords: Nursing education, pediatric skills, nasogastric tube insertion, simulation learning, blended learning
Effect of Fertilizer With Potassium Humate and the Method of Addition to the Growth and Yield of Red Cabbage
Authors: Qader Noha Waleed , Khalo Sahar Ali
Published: August 2024

Background: The application of potassium humate has been recognized for its potential to enhance plant growth and yield due to its nutrient enrichment properties. Specific Background: Despite extensive research on various fertilizers, the specific effects of potassium humate on red cabbage (Ruby King cultivar) growth and yield, especially concerning the method of application, remain underexplored. Knowledge Gap: Limited studies have addressed the comparative impact of foliar spraying versus soil addition of potassium humate on cabbage vegetative growth and yield characteristics. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of potassium humate (0, 50, 100, 150 g.l-1) and application methods (foliar spraying and soil addition) on the growth and yield of red cabbage. Results: A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was implemented during the 2022-2023 agricultural season. Significant improvements in vegetative growth and yield were observed with the highest concentration (150 g.l-1) of foliar spraying. Key vegetative and yield parameters, such as plant height, stem length, number of leaves, leaf chlorophyll content, average head weight, and total yield, were positively influenced. Novelty: This study uniquely highlights the superior efficacy of foliar spraying with potassium humate at 150 g.l-1 over soil addition, providing insights into optimizing fertilization strategies for red cabbage. Implications: The findings advocate for the use of potassium humate, particularly via foliar spraying, as a beneficial organic fertilizer to enhance red cabbage growth and yield. This practice could lead to improved agricultural productivity and better tolerance of plants to environmental stresses, supporting sustainable agriculture initiatives.
Highlights:
 

Superior Growth: Foliar spraying with 150 g.l-1 potassium humate boosts growth.
Yield Increase: Highest humate concentration yields maximum red cabbage.
Effective Strategy: Foliar spraying outperforms soil addition for fertilization.

 
Keywords: Potassium humate, foliar spraying, red cabbage, vegetative growth, yield enhancement
Developing an Accounting Information System Based on Artificial Intelligence to Improve the Quality of Accounting Information and the Decision-Making Process
Authors: Al-Obaidy Fayiz Hazem
Published: August 2024

General Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) enables systems to understand and interpret data, facilitating intelligent decision-making without human interaction. Specific Background: Traditional accounting systems are fraught with flaws that compromise the quality of accounting information and decision-making processes. Knowledge Gap: There is a need for advanced AI applications to improve the accuracy of accounting data by precisely evaluating vast amounts of data, identifying errors and corrections, and accelerating financial report creation. Aims: This quantitative study aims to enhance accounting information quality by developing an AI-based accounting information system and examining its impact on the decision-making process. Results: The research utilized questionnaires to gather opinions from accountants at Rafidain Bank, Iraq, and analyzed the data using SPSS. Findings reveal that modern AI technologies significantly enhance accounting data accuracy, with a 90% success rate in detecting and correcting errors. Additionally, AI technology accelerates financial reporting, reducing the average response time to 250 milliseconds, thereby saving time and effort in accounting processes. Novelty: This study is pioneering in its comprehensive evaluation of AI's role in improving accounting data accuracy and operational efficiency within financial institutions. Implications: The research underscores the importance of upgrading device and data processing infrastructure to maximize the performance of AI-based accounting systems. The findings suggest that integrating contemporary AI technology in accounting can streamline operations, save accountants time, and boost the overall efficiency of financial and accounting institutions.
Highlight:  
 

AI improves accounting data accuracy with 90% error detection and correction.
AI accelerates financial reporting, reducing response times to 250 milliseconds.
Upgraded infrastructure is crucial for optimal AI system performance.

 
Keyword:  Artificial Intelligence, Accounting Information, Data Accuracy, Financial Reporting, Decision-Making
Nurses` Practices concerning Care of Transition to Oral Feeding in Preterm Neonate
Authors: Rahman Ali Mohsin , Aziz Afifa Radha
Published: August 2024

Background: Premature neonates often struggle with oral feeding due to physiological immaturity, necessitating skilled nursing support during the transition from tube to oral feeding. Knowledge Gap: Despite the critical role of nurses in this process, there is limited evidence on their practices and the factors influencing their effectiveness. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate nurses' practices in caring for neonates transitioning to oral feeding and to identify predictive factors, such as education and training, that influence these practices. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Batoul Training Hospital in the Diyala Governorate from October 2023 to February 2024. A non-probability convenience sample of 60 nurses was assessed using a 35-item checklist, validated by experts and tested for reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.81). Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, with simple linear regression employed to identify relationships between nurses’ practices and demographic variables. Results: The findings revealed that 86.7% of nurses exhibited inadequate practices, with the majority (65.0%) having less than 5 years of experience and 85.0% not attending training courses. Regression analysis indicated that education level (p = 0.007) and attendance of training courses (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of practice quality. Novelty: This study is among the first to quantify the inadequacy of nurses' practices in the transition to oral feeding in a developing country context, highlighting education and training as critical areas for intervention. Implications: The results underscore the urgent need for healthcare organizations to implement comprehensive training programs and educational initiatives aimed at improving neonatal care practices, particularly in NICUs, to ensure better health outcomes for preterm infants.
Highlights:
 

Significant nurse practice deficiencies in neonate oral feeding transition.
Education and training crucial for improving nurse performance.
Need for comprehensive neonatal care training programs.

 
Keywords: Premature neonates, oral feeding, neonatal care, nurse practices, training programs
Star Anise Reverses Benzopyrene-Induced Immune Dysfunction in Rats
Authors: Saleh Eman Naji , Saeed Iktefa Abdul Hamid Mohammed , Latef Nedhal ibrahim
Published: August 2024

Background: Benzopyrene (B[a]P), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is known for its carcinogenic and immunotoxic effects, posing significant health risks upon exposure. Specific Background: Despite numerous studies, effective therapeutic strategies to mitigate B[a]P-induced toxicity remain limited. Star anise, a medicinal plant with anti-inflammatory properties, holds potential as a protective agent against such toxicity. Knowledge Gap: The impact of star anise on B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity, particularly on hematological parameters, has not been thoroughly investigated. Aims: This study aimed to explore the effects of B[a]P intoxication and its treatment with star anise on hematological parameters in rats. Methods: Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: Control, B[a]P, and varying doses of star anise (125 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg + B[a]P, 125 mg/kg + B[a]P, 130 mg/kg + B[a]P). Blood samples were analyzed using an auto blood analyzer. Results: While erythrogram parameters showed no significant differences among groups, B[a]P exposure significantly increased WBC parameters (Mid, Gran, L, and total WBC counts), indicating an inflammatory and immunosuppressive response. Treatment with star anise significantly reduced these parameters, suggesting its protective effects. Novelty: This study is the first to demonstrate the efficacy of star anise in mitigating B[a]P-induced leukocytosis and immune toxicity in rats. Implications: These findings highlight the potential of star anise as a therapeutic agent against B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity, warranting further investigation into its clinical applications.
Highlights:
 

Benzopyrene Exposure: Increases WBC parameters, indicating immune response.
Star Anise Treatment: Reduces WBC counts, showing protective effects.
Novel Findings: Star anise mitigates B[a]P-induced immunotoxicity in rats.

 
Keywords: Benzopyrene, Star Anise, Hematological Parameters, Immunotoxicity, Rats