bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A classification model for predicting diabetic retinopathy based on patient characteristics and biochemical measures
Authors: Kotsiliti Evangelia , Al-Diri Bashir , Hunter Andrew
Published: April 2021

Purpose: In the United Kingdom (UK), The NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Program offers an annual eye examination to all people with diabetes aged 12 or over, aiming at the early detection of people at high risk of visual loss due to diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was the design of a model to predict patients at risk of developing retinopathy with the use of patient characteristics and clinical measures. Methods: We investigated data from 2011 to 2016 from the population-based Diabetic Eye Screening Program in East Anglia. The data comprised retinal eye screening results, patient characteristics, and routine biochemical measures of HbA1c, blood pressure, Albumin to Creatinine ratio (ACR), estimated Glomerular Filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine, cholesterol and Body Mass Index (BMI). Individuals were classified according to the presence or absence of retinopathy as indicated by their retinal eye examinations. A lasso regression, random forest, gradient boosting machine and regularized gradient boosting model were built and cross-validated for their predictive ability.  Results: A total of 6,375 subjects with recorded information for all available biochemical measures were identified from the cohorts. Of these, 5,969 individuals had no signs of diabetic retinopathy. Of the remainder 406 individuals with signs of diabetic retinopathy, 352 had background diabetic retinopathy and 54 had referable diabetic retinopathy. The highest value of the10-fold cross-validated Area under the Curve (AUC) was achieved by the gradient boosting machine 0.73 ± 0.03 and the minimum required set of variables to yield this performance included 4 variables: duration of diabetes, HbA1c, ACR and age. A subsequent analysis on the predictive power of the biochemical measures showed that when HbA1c and ACR measurements were available for longer time periods, the performance of the models was greatly enhanced. When HbA1c and ACR measurements for a 5-year period prior to the event of study were available, gradient boosting machine cross-validated AUC was 0.77 ± 0.04 in comparison to the cross-validated AUC of 0.68 ± 0.04 when only information for the 1-year period for these variables was available. Similarly, an increment from 0.70 ± 0.02 to 0.75 ± 0.04 was observed with random forest. The dataset with the 1-year measurements comprised 4,857 subjects, of whom, 4,572 had no retinopathy and the remainder 285 had signs of retinopathy. The dataset with the 5-year measurements comprised 757 subjects, of whom, 696 had no retinopathy and the remainder 51 had signs of retinopathy. Conclusions: The utilization of patient information and routine biochemical measures can be used to identify patients at risk of developing retinopathy. The effective differentiation between patients with and without retinopathy could significantly reduce the number of screening visits without compromising patients’ health.
Using mathematics to avoid blindness in diabetics
Authors: Helfgott Arieh , Helfgott Ariella E.R. , Mullany Sean
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Avoid diabetic-blindness by applying five simple mathematically-inspired treatments that achieve life-long recovery from advanced diabetic retinopathy (ADR), without laser treatments or Avastin (Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland) injections.Methods: A mathematical model of ADR is derived; it is based on fluid leakage from abnormal ‘holes’ in small retinal blood vessels. First, the volume of a microscopic fluid droplet leaking from a single small vein-hole during a single heartbeat is derived from the Navier-Stokes flow-equations. Then, total fluid volume leaking into the retina from all M vein holes in N heartbeats is determined. Six parameters in the equations of the model with significant influence on leakage rates and leaked volumes are identified. These insights are used to design and then apply five simple, novel, and eff icient therapeutic treatments, T1 to T5, that may achieve recovery from ADR without laser surgery or Avastin injections. Daily rates, as well as total volumes, of macular fluid accumulation, removal (by eye-pumps), and leakage are calculated from optical coherence tomography (OCT)-measured macular thicknesses.Results: Ten years ago, this paper’s primary author, Arieh Helfgott (AH), suffered from ADR that no longer responded to laser surgery. After simultaneous application of treatments T1-T5, AH recovered from ADR in 42 days and has been free of ADR for over ten years, without needing Avastin injections. Leakage-volumes were shown to be very sensitive to small changes in hole diameters. In ADR, modest increases of 2.4%, 5.7%, 10.7%, 15%, and 19% in hole diameters induce impressive 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (volume-doubling) increases in leakage volumes, respectively. In recovery from ADR, modest decreases of −2.6%, −5.4%, −8.5%, −12%, and −15.9% in hole diameters induce equally impressive −10%, −20%, −30%, −40%, and −50% (volume-halving) decreases in leakage volumes, respectively.Conclusion: In AH’s case, mathematics helped in avoiding blindness from ADR. Simultaneous application of mathematics-inspired treatments T1-T5 resulted in reduced leakage from holes, elimination of retinal swelling (RS), and sustained recovery from ADR. With high sensitivity to hole diameters, advancing DR can easily become unmanageable, while recovery from ADR may possibly be achievable in approximately six weeks using efficient blood pressure (BP) control and small ‘repairs’ leading to reduction in hole diameters. The pumping rate of the eye is colossal; eye pumps can remove a macula-volume-equivalent in approximately 44 days. This is very helpful in recovery from ADR, and spectacular for such microscopic pumps
Condensation on intraocular lenses during vitrectomy: effect of perfluorocarbon liquids
Authors: Dacquay Yann , Lee Joseph R. , Govetto Andrea , Elgeti Matthias , Hubbell Wayne L , Kavehpour Pirouz , Hubschman Jean-Pierre
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To evaluate whether perfluorocarbon (PFO) liquids can exacerbate condensation on intraocular lenses (IOL).Methods: Two separate experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, a two-segment chamber was constructed out of glass and acrylic panels to serve as an in-vitro eye model. The chamber was placed on a non-activated cooling plate with two IOLs of the same material, one in each segment. 2.0 ml of PFO and/or water for the control were placed in the respective receptacle. The cooling plate was then activated to the desired temperatures. Condensation on the lenses was visually assessed via high-definition ultra-zoom camera by trained observers for three temperatures and three IOL materials.In the second experiment, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy wasemployed to determine the composition of the droplets forming after condensation.Results: The presence of PFO liquid in a closed chamber exacerbates the intensity and likelihood of condensation on all intraocular material types. Condensation of PFO on surfaces in the presence of water was confirmed with FTIR spectroscopy by the isolation of specific absorption bands. Furthermore, material type also affects the characteristics of condensation, with silicone lenses inducing the fastest rate and intensity of condensation.Conclusions: Our study shows that the presence of perfluoro-n-octane is a significant factor in the formation of condensation on the posterior surface of IOLs when performing vitrectomy in a pseudophakic patient with posterior capsulotomy.
Ultrastructural and nanomechanical changes of the cornea following enzymatic degradation
Authors: Kazaili Ahmed , Akhtar Riaz
Published: April 2021

Understanding of the ultrastructure and nanomechanical behavior of the cornea is important for a number of ocular disorders. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine nanoscale changes in the porcine cornea following enzymatic degradation. Diff erent concentrations of amylase were used to degrade the cornea. A reduction in elastic modulus at the nanoscale, along with disrupted collagen morphology, was observed following enzymatic treatment. This study highlights the interplay between mechanical properties and collagen organization in the healthy cornea.
Polarimetric interferometry to objectively evaluate the optical properties of corneal stroma
Authors: Lipari Eugenio , Sborgia Alessandra , Nubile Mario , Mastropasqua Leonardo , Alessio Giovanni
Published: April 2021

A new non-invasive method, based on the interferometric analysis of diff ractive and polarizing effects related to the birefringent properties of corneal collagen fibrils, has been developed to objectively evaluate the optical properties of the stroma. The new method shows a relevant impact on corneal surgeries specifically for lamellar transplantation where, due to the polarizing properties of the stroma, the alignment between collagen fibrils of donor corneas with patient collagen fibril orientation has shown an improvement of visual acuity postoperatively. Further studies on the regularity of the corneal isogyre pattern are showing this new method has a strong impact in early-stage diagnosis of corneal disease.
Thermodynamic derivation of a non-linear poroelastic model describing hemodynamicsmechanics interplay in the lamina cribrosa
Authors: Recrosi Filippo , Repetto Rodolfo , Tatone Amabile , Guidoboni Giovanna
Published: April 2021

In this paper we formulate a poroelastic model starting from a model of species diffusion in an elastic material. The model is applied to study the mechanics of the lamina cribrosa (LC) in the eye. The LC is a porous tissue at the head of the optic nerve. Deformation of this tissue and impairment of blood flow induced by tissue deformation are considered to be related to the pathogenesis of glaucoma.The governing equations are derived from general thermomechanical principles. We carefully revise the role of the energy-stress Eshelby tensor, mutuated from the framework of tissue growth, in describing the hemo-mechanical behaviour of the tissue.The model accounts for non-linear deformations of the solid matrix and deformation-induced changes in porosity and permeability. The model provides a qualitative better undertanding of the phatophysiology and pathogenesis of glaucoma in terms of coupling between tissue deformation and the resulting impaired hemodynamics inside the LC.
Assessment of the fluid dynamic performance of a vitreous cutter
Authors: Stocchino Alessandro , Repetto Rodolfo , Romano Mario
Published: April 2021

Vitreous cutters are surgical devices used during vitrectomy to remove the vitreous humor from the eye and replace it with tamponade fluids. The aim of the present work is to assess the performance of the EVA Phaco-vitrectomy System vitreous cutter (Dutch Ophthalmic Research Center (DORC) BV; Zuidland, The Netherlands) used with diff erent needle sizes and blade shapes. The analysis is based on laboratory measurements of fluid flow performed using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique.
Effect of an iris-fixated intraocular lens on corneal metabolism: a numerical study
Authors: Davvalo Khongar Peyman , Pralits Jan O. , Cheng Xi , Pinsky Peter , Soleri Paolo , Repetto Rodolfo
Published: April 2021

One of the possible risks associated with the implant of iris-fixated phakic intraocular lenses (pIOL) is loss of corneal endothelial cells. We hypothesize that this might be due to alterations in corneal metabolism secondary to the lens implantation. To verify the feasibility of this assumption, we propose a mathematical model of the transport and diffusion of metabolic species in the anterior chamber and the cornea, coupled to a model of aqueous flow. Results are obtained both with and without the pIOL in the case of closed eyelids. The results suggest that glucose availability may be significantly reduced at the corneal endothelium. However, it must still be verified whether this finding has clinical relevance.
Relationship between intraocular, blood and cerebrospinal fluid pressures: a theoretical approach
Authors: Guidoboni Giovanna , Salerni Fabrizia , Repetto Rodolfo , Szopos Marcela , Harris Alon
Published: April 2021

Intraocular pressure (IOP), arterial blood pressure (PA), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure have been identified as major players in several ocular pathologies, including glaucoma, central vein occlusion, and papilledema, to name a few. IOP, PA, and CSF pressures are not independent from each other. For example, aqueous humor and CSF flows, whose mechanics contribute to establish IOP and CSF pressure levels, originate from blood flow, which is driven by PA. As a consequence, it is difficult to experimentally isolate IOP, PA, and CSF pressure and to disentangle their effect in pathological conditions. Here we utilize a theoretical approach to address this issue.
Test-retest reproducibility of atomic force microscopy measurements of human trabecular meshwork stiffness
Authors: Kagemann Larry , Candiello Joe , Wollstein Gadi , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Bilonick Richard A. , Sigal Ian A. , Jonescu-Cuypers Christian , Kumta Prashant N. , Schuman Joel S.
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to quantify test-retest reproducibility of measurements of stiffness of the human trabecular meshwork (HTM) by atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Methods: Eleven 40 μm radial limbal cryostat sections from a fresh human donor rim were mounted on charged slides and rehydrated at room temperature. Stiffness at four TM locations (anterior to posterior along Schlemm’s canal) was measured by AFM. At each location, a 6 x 6 grid was sampled. Indentation points were evenly distributed over a 20 μm x 20 μm area, with a rate of one load/unload cycle per second. Measurements were then repeated for calculation of test-retest variability.

Results: The test-retest coefficients of variation for the four measurement locations (anterior to posterior) were 24.39, 25.28, 12.74, and 14.26%, respectively, with a notable drop in the two posterior locations compared to the anterior. The test-retest coefficient for the sections was 19.17%. For the entire eye, the test-retest coefficient of variation for the measurement of the TM stiffness was 17.13%. Young’s moduli consistently decreased from anterior to posterior location.

Conclusions: Wide regional variation suggests that single value does little to fully describe the complex array of TM stiffness levels within the eye, and future studies of TM stiffness assessed by AFM should include multiple tissue samples from each eye, with documentation of the anterior-posterior location of each measurement.
What Do Health Care Professionals Think About Covid-19 Vaccine Applications: A University Example
Authors: KURTULUŞ Şerif , CAN Remziye
Published: April 2021

Background: Vaccination of Health Care Professionals (HCPs) is of great importance for communicable diseases. This study aimed to investigate the views of HCPs working in a university hospital about the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) vaccine and to evaluate the factors affecting vaccination.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was completed with 183 volunteers in a university hospital on 9–12 December 2020. A questionnaire consisting of 10 questions developed by the researchers was used in the study. The study was approved by the Harran University Ethics Committee (09.11.2020; session: 19; decision no: HRU / 20.19.24). In addition, the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health's Covid-19 Study approval was received.Results: The rate of HCPs who were willing to get the Covid-19 vaccine was 53.6%. Of the participants, 74.9% thought that the Covid-19 vaccine would have an effect on reducing the incidence of Covid-19. There was a significant difference between the decision on getting the Covid-19 vaccine and the effect of the vaccine on the incidence of Covid-19 (p=0.000). Getting the Covid-19 vaccine was found to be affected 2.721-fold by the male gender, 0.356-fold by receiving vaccination during the pandemic period, and 19.272-fold by the thought that the Covid-19 vaccine would reduce the incidence. Participants mostly stated that they wanted to be vaccinated due to the fear of transmitting the disease to the loved ones (41.5%) whereas concerns about adverse events were the most common reason why the participants were unwilling to be vaccinated (27.9%).Conclusions: Vaccination refusal of one of every two HCPs, who are seen as a role model by society, will affect the success of controlling the Covid-19 pandemic. In conclusion, there is a need for an emergency action plan regarding the need for vaccination with scientific evidence.
PENGEMBANGAN POTENSI WISATA BAHARI BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI PULAU PASARAN, BANDAR LAMPUNG
Authors: Noor Nuning Mahmudah
Published: April 2021

Pasaran Island is not only well-known as a major producer of anchovies in Lampung province, but also as a mariculture location of some fish and green mussel. The island which only covers  ​​12.5 hectares is located in urban areas, in Bandar Lampung City, the capital of Lampung province. Pasaran Island has the potential as a fishery production center and marine tourism (minawisata). The minawisata concept emphasizing the active role and rights of the local communities in the management of tourism in their area (community-based marine tourism). Several programs for the development of minawisata on Pasaran island have been successfully implemented, including: designing minawisata, enhancing sanitation, strengthening institutions, building facilities and infrastructure, developing fishery products, and strengthening promotions. Pasaran Island would therefore be a new marine-tourism icon that beneficial to Bandar Lampung City and directly boost the local community's welfare.
EVALUASI KARAKTER AGRONOMI DAN LAJU FOTOSINTESIS EMPAT GENOTIPE SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)
Authors: Putri Indah Yustika
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter agronomi, laju fotosintesis, korelasi antara komponen pertumbuhan, laju fotosintesis dan hasil tanaman sorgum.  Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan tak langsung laju fotosintesis terhadap komponen pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil beberapa genotipe sorgum.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lapangan Terpadu Universitas Lampung dari Januari-Mei 2019.  Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan  pada penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan.  Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah empat genotipe sorgum yaitu GH-13, GH-7, Super-2, dan P/F 5 193 C.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat variasi karakter agronomi dan laju fotosintesis pada empat genotipe sorgum.  Super-2 memiliki penampilan agronomi dan hasil  yang lebih tinggi diantara genotipe lainnya, sedangkan GH-13 merupakan genotipe dengan laju fotosintesis tertinggi (29,21 µmol CO2 m⁻² s⁻¹) dibanding genotipe lainnya.  Laju fotosintesis tidak berkorelasi dan tidak berpengaruh langsung terhadap bobot dompolan beberapa genotipe sorgum.  Jumlah biji adalah variabel yang memiliki nilai koefisien korelasi tertinggi dengan bobot dompolan (r=0,945**), dan nilai koefisien pengaruh langsung terhadap bobot dompolan tertinggi yaitu sebesar 0,938.  Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa jumlah biji dapat dijadikan kriteria seleksi pemuliaan pada penelitian yang selanjutnya.
EVALUASI INDEKS LUAS DAUN EMPAT GENOTIPE SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)
Authors: Ade Sadewo Agsi Aji
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi indeks luas daun empat genotipe sorgum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) dan menghitung pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung beberapa variabel terhadap hasil produksi genotipe tanaman sorgum.  Penelitian  ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu, Universitas Lampung dari Januari hingga Juni 2019.  Rancangan percobaan yaitu rancangan acak kelompok lengkap (RAKL) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan.  Perlakuan yang digunakan empat genotipe sorgum seperti GH 13, GH 7, P/F 5-193-C, dan Super 2.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat variasi karakter agronomi dari 4 genotipe tanaman sorgum.  Variabel pengamatan yang berupa bobot dompolan (head) dan bobot dompolan (head) tanpa biji menjadi variabel penting untuk menduga hasil biji. Bobot dompolan (head) memiliki nilai korelasi sebesar r= 0,99** dengan bobot biji.  Selain itu, bobot dompolan (head) tanpa biji memiliki nilai korelasi sebesar r= 0,84** dengan bobot biji.  Bobot dompolan (head) juga memiliki nilai pengaruh langsung terhadap bobot biji terbesar dibandingkan dengan variabel lain yakni sebesar 1,205.  Hal ini tidak diikuti dengan indeks luas daun yang tidak memiliki nilai korelasi yang nyata serta tidak memiliki pengaruh langsung dan tidak langsung terhadap bobot biji.
Cuba: pensar y hacer su democracia
Authors:   Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, López García Delia Luisa ,   Universidad de La Habana
Published: April 2021

La tesis central de este artículo es que la transición socialista resulta inviable sin consolidar su propia democracia. Desde esa perspectiva la autora pretende rescatar la categoría de democracia para la teoría social marxista contemporánea y en ese intento también prefigura el concepto de democracia ad hoc o su propia democracia para referirse a la democracia de la transición socialista consciente de que sólo es un escalón en el largo camino de la construcción del conocimiento y de la práctica social. El tema forma parte del legado revolucionario. El pueblo cubano llevó a cabo la primera revolución socialista de liberación nacional del siglo XX en un país de la periferia del mundo occidental, de ahí que el sistema social creado tuviera que rebasar los límites neocoloniales preexistentes para lograr la libertad, la soberanía y la justicia social inscritas en el inicial programa revolucionario.
Nubarrones en el jardín del conocimiento: la universidad pública bajo el asedio estatal
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Márquez Covarrubias Humberto
Published: April 2021

Que la universidad no es una empresa ni el conocimiento una mercancía, que el gobierno universitario debe ser autónomo de la intromisión estatal y partidista, que el financiamiento educativo debe ser suficiente para garantizar la inclusión de estudiantes, la formación profesional y el desarrollo de una ciencia comprometida con la sociedad, son preceptos básicos de la universidad pública que sin embargo están en predicamento por la ofensiva neoliberal que somete a las instituciones educativas a un régimen de austeridad, excluye a las clases populares de la educación de calidad, orienta la investigación hacia las necesidades corporativas de formación de personal técnico, innovación productiva, derechos de propiedad y control de mercados. Las universidades han dejado de ser un espacio libertario de reflexión y análisis sobre los problemas y alternativas de desarrollo humano en sentido crítico y transformador. La defensa y fortalecimiento de la universidad pública amerita recuperar y actualizar sus principios y orientar las prácticas de investigación, docencia y vinculación a los problemas sociales y contribuir a generar alternativas de cambio.
La cultura escolar material en la formación de Magisterio y de Profesorado en Uruguay
Authors:   , Capocasale Bruno Alejandra
Published: April 2021

Esta tesis tiene como temática central la cultura escolar material. Específicamente, el problema de investigación tiene que ver con indagar si la cultura material escolar de la formación docente (magisterio y profesorado) uruguaya, en su dimensión de espacio-tiempo escolar, ha ido configurando nuevas culturas escolares de la formación docente inicial en los institutos y centros de formación docentes en el Uruguay. Se propone como objetivos específicos describir analíticamente y comparar la cultura material escolar de algunos institutos y un centro de formación docente inicial de magisterio y profesorado del sistema educativo público y nacional, a través de la imagen fotográfica de los significados del espacio-tiempo escolar. Esto posibilita la identificación de tres modelos de la cultura escolar material de la Formación Docente magisterial y de profesorado en Uruguay a principios del siglo XXI. Para ello, se plantea un estudio de casos múltiples con cuatro unidades de análisis que son institutos y centro de Formación Docente. La técnica seleccionada es el registro fotográfico con enfoque etnográfico. Los modelos resultantes de la investigación podrían ser de gran utilidad a nivel académico y para la definición de política educativa para la formación docente, pues tienen un papel central con la posibilidad de valorizar el patrimonio educativo como constructor de la identidad docente.
Replacing surface-area to volume with diffusion length
Authors: Bar Tzachi
Published: April 2021

Surface-area to volume (S/V) has central place in STEM syllabuses, explaining the relation between structure and function governed by the heat equation, such as in diffusion and heat transfer by conduction. However, teaching the abstract S/V quotient faces many difficulties, due to the need for high reasoning abilities and visual-spatial skills. Surprisingly, an exploratory survey among 64 high school biology teachers revealed that 12.5% of them teach the relation between structure and function in diffusion by one dimensional, tangible, quotient free, explanation: small and non-spherical structure results in short diffusion length, which results in fast diffusion. Those teachers tend to hold higher academic degree (p= 0.002) and be more experienced (p=0.045). A plausible explanation for the limited usage in the 'diffusion length' model may be the lack of mathematical framework and graphical illustration to support it. Here I link the diffusion length, volume (V) and surface-area (S) and show that the average diffusion length = 3V/S and present an illustration of V/S. Therefore, the small, non-spherical shapes of structures adopted for fast diffusion can be equivalently explained by the short diffusion length in these structures. Having the necessary mathematical framework and graphical illustration should help other teachers adopt this simple explanation.
Synchronous and asynchronous distance learning of anaphora in foreign languages
Authors: Bruscato Amanda Maraschin , Baptista Jorge
Published: April 2021

This paper analyses the influence of the distance learning modality (synchronous/asynchronous) in the learning of anaphora in English and Spanish as foreign languages, based on the results of a course offered to Modern Language students at a Brazilian university in the first semester of 2020. Factors as the level of proficiency, type of task, and degree of motivation were also considered. Two experimental groups and one control group were compared in four written tests. English learners demonstrated a higher prior knowledge of anaphora than Spanish learners and showed the best test results. A positive and moderate correlation was found between the knowledge of anaphora, level of proficiency, and degree of motivation to study the language. Although the experimental groups made progress in the reading tests, the same did not happen in the writing tests. Finally, the difference was not significant between the two experimental groups.
Prediksi Struktur Tiga Dimensi Protein β-NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) Burung Merpati (Columba livia)
Authors: Alam Nur , Budiarsa I Made , Tureni Dewi
Published: April 2021

Protein β-NGF berperan dalam kelangsungan hidup sel neuron dan diferensiasi embrio aves yang diekspresikan oleh gen NGF. Informasi protein β-NGF telah diidentifikasi pada ayam dan masih terbatas dilaporkan pada merpati. Tujuan penelitian adalah memprediksi struktur tiga dimensi protein β-NGF merpati untuk menambah informasi karakter proteinnya. Protein target diperoleh dari server UniProt dengan kode akses B4ZE95. Prediksi struktur tiga dimensi dan karakterisasi protein β-NGF menggunakan server SWISS-MODEL dan program Chimera. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa protein β-NGF merpati dan template memiliki nilai identity sebesar 89,91%, QMEAN 0,51 serta GMQE sebesar 0,44. Struktur tiga dimensi protein B4ZE95 memiliki  asam amino hidrofobik (Ile, Leu, Trp, Phe, Val, Ala, Gly, Met, Cys); karboksil (Glu, Ser, Asp); amina (Lys, Thr) dengan 83 ikatan hidrogen.Kata kunci: columba livia, chimera, protein β-NGF, swiss-model Three Dimensional Protein Structure Prediction of β-NGF(Nerve Growth Factor) on Pigeon (Columba livia)ABSTRACTThe β-NGF protein plays a role in the survival of neuron cells and differentiation of avian embryo which is expressed by NGF gene. Information of β -NGF protein was identified in chicken and it is still limited reported in pigeon. The purpose of this study is to predict the three-dimensional structure of pigeon β-NGF protein to add information about its protein character. The target protein is obtained from UniProt server with access code B4ZE95. The prediction of three-dimensional structure and characterization of β-NGF protein were carried out using SWISS-MODEL server and Chimera program. The analysis showed that pigeon β-NGF protein and template had identity of 89,91%, QMEAN 0,51 and GMQE of 0,44. The three-dimensional structure of the B4ZE95 protein has hydrophobic amino acids namely (Ile, Leu, Trp, Phe, Val, Ala, Gly, Met, Cys); carboxyl namely (Glu, Ser, Asp); amine namely (Lys, Thr) with 83 hydrogen bonds.Keywords: columba livia, chimera, protein β-NGF, swiss model
Design Inset Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna for L Band Applications
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of ECE, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India., Saidulu V.
Published: April 2021

Present paper focuses on design and simulation of an inset fed rectangular microstrip patch antenna for GPS applications. The proposed antenna is designed at frequency 1.9 GHz which comes in L-Band region and simulated using Electromagnetic Simulator such as HFSS simulation software with three different dielectric substrates and comparing their performance characteristics such as gain, bandwidth, beam width, VSWR and return loss. The simulation results shows that the maximum bandwidth is obtained with FR4 substrate and the minimum bandwidth is found with Arlon AD320 substrate, where as the maximum gain obtained with air (vaccum) substrate. The proposed antenna has been designed for the range of 1.9 GHz and which is highly suitable for GPS applications.
Management of Duhok Governorate Environment by Generating Sustainable Solutions Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems In Buildings Instead of Regular Electricity Environment Management and Techno Economic Evaluations
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus., GÖKÇEKUŞ Hüseyin , KASSEM Youssef ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus., Ahmed Ahmed Mohammed ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Published: April 2021

Population growth and increasing demand for energy have been causing severe environmental problems all over the world. This research is done to find a suitable management way to improve the environmental condition, develop sustainable and economical solutions. This study focused on using Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems for the first time in Duhok governorate, Iraq, due to the rapid growth in the governorate and the great demand for energy, and the high energy production costs. Four regions were chosen in Duhok governorate to install photovoltaic systems. The NASA database as a source for assessing solar energy potential were used. The results show that these areas have enormous potential and annual solar radiation to produce solar energy. The RET Screen expert evaluated the electricity production potential of PV systems. In addition, an economic study of 5kW capacity for grid-Connected rooftop PV projects was carried out in all selected regions. Depending on the financial results and indicators, Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems can be a sustainable and efficient solution to improve the environment and economically installable in the Duhok governorate.
Importance of the Application of Lean Manufacturing and Sustainable Manufacturing and Its Impact on Productivity and Quality in the Electronics Industry of Mexicali
Authors:   Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico., Corona Ana Laura Sánchez , González Carlos Raúl Navarro ,   Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico., Cruz Sotelo Samantha Eugenia ,   Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico., Benítez Sara Ojeda ,   Instituto de Ingeniería, Departamento de Tecnologías Limpias y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.
Published: April 2021

An evaluation of use of lean and sustainable manufacturing tools was made, correlating them with the productivity and quality indices in an industry of the electronic sector located in the city of Mexicali. In this evaluated company, it was observed that some improper manufacturing methods was used and for this reason, generated a large amount of waste from electronic devices and electronic boards. This caused the productivity and quality indices to decrease, originating the need for extra time and with it unnecessary costs that devalued the prices of manufactured products, due to the competitiveness in the electronic industry sector evaluated. With the application of tools of lean manufacturing and sustainable manufacturing, the productivity and quality levels were increased and both overtime and unnecessary costs were reduced, achieving competitive prices in the evaluated industry. The installation method of electronic components with polarity in electronic boards was evaluated, due to the fact that a great diversity of products emerged from the automatic insertion area with defects, indicating reversed polarity, which should be solved, otherwise, short circuits could be generated or lack of electrical conductivity, in the manufactured products in their final process. This caused the manufactured products to not work properly, causing the presence of defective products and with it low levels of productivity and quality and economic losses. and It was detected that this occurred due to the lack of training of the operative personnel and the neglect of the operative workers of the automatic insertion area. In order to control this situation, as a methodological part, schematic models were developed to support the operational personnel in their activities in the automatic insertion area. This proposal with the schematic models developed for use in the electronics industry, where the research was made. The study was developed from 2018 to 2019.
An Unsupervised Method for Discovering How Does Learners Progress toward Understanding in MOOCs
Authors:   IRF-SIC Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir-Morocco., mezouary Ali El , Hmedna Brahim ,   IRF-SIC Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir-Morocco., Baz Omar ,   Department, IRF-SIC Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Department, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir-Morocco.
Published: April 2021

Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) seems to expand access to education and it present too many advantages as: democratization of learning, openness to all and accessibility on a large scale, etc. However, this new phenomenon of open learning suffers from the lack of personalization; it is not easy to identify learners’ characteristics because their heterogeneous masse. Following the increasing adoption of learning styles as personalization criteria, it is possible to make learning process easier for learners. In this paper, we extracted features from learners’ traces when they interact with the MOOC platform in order to identify learning styles in an automatic way. For this purpose, we adopted the Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model (FSLSM) and used an unsupervised clustering method. Finally, this solution was implemented to clustered learners based on their level of preference for the sequential/global dimension of FSLSM. Results indicated that, first: k-means is the best performing algorithm when it comes to the identification of learning styles; second: the majority of learners show strong and moderate sequential learning style preferences.
A Study on Impact of Sensitive Intelligence and Perceived Stress
Authors:   Management, BNM Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India., Srinivasa* Ms Shishira , Vijayashree Dr L. ,   Professor - MBA Dept., Head-Entrepreneurship Development Cell- BNMIT, Chief- Coordinator- New Gen IEDC, DST, GoI, BNMIT. Bangalore.
Published: April 2021

This paper explores the connection between emotional understanding (EI) and Perceived stress among 40 men and 40 women students of management stream in a college. There are two hypothesis which are proved in this article. The Chadha Emotional Intelligence Test (EIT) and Perceived Stress Scale developed by Cohen, Kamarck and Mermelstein were used for the analysis. Fixed investigation has shown that EI is negatively correlated to Stress. T-test on the mean results showed no gender difference for EI and perceived position stress among students in management. The analysis underlines the significance of Emotional Intelligence for students in management.
Transfer of Power in Literature and Business: Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure and King Lear
Authors:   Professor of English Philology and Director, Foreign Language Center, at Gori State Teaching University, Georgia, Raupp Edward R.
Published: April 2021

The study of Shakespeare’s plays, apart from the delight one may experience from the language, plot, and staging, offers useful insights into the enduring problems of human relationships in general and of organizational behavior in particular. Using as text material the tragedy of King Lear and the comedy Measure for Measure, this paper addresses one such organizational problem, succession, the transfer of power from one chief executive to another.
Impact of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Scheme) on Unemployment and Village Economy (A Case Study of Mandor Block of Jodhpur District)
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Business Finance & Economics, Jai Narain Vyas (State) University, Jodhpur (Rajasthan), India, Maharshi* Dr. Kshitiz , Vashisth Swati ,   Research Scholar, Department of Business Administration, Jai Narain Vyas (State) University, Jodhpur (Rajasthan), India., Shekhawat Neelam ,   Research Scholar, Department of Accounting, Jai Narain Vyas (State) University, Jodhpur (Rajasthan), India.
Published: April 2021

The basic means of promoting improvement of village economy have been to increase employment, open doors to the unemployed and under-use human resources. A diverse training process has been put in place to meet the needs of the poor by guaranteeing their fundamental rights and encouraging new unexpected household developments. To combat unemployment, desperation and job security with a multiplier seminar on the social capital system, physical capital, and ecological synergies, strengthening the democratic process and ensuring sustainable development, another program with clear pay was organized. National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) in 2005 and jointly implemented the states and organizational spaces of India in a course that was sponsored from February 2006. With its authentic cluster work and rights-based methodology, the National Gandhi Rural Employment (MGNREGA) grants every 100 days of safe work a farm. The MGNREGA is said to have raised and sustained the standard of people of village economy but as obvious questions are being raised on its reality rather than paper. This research paper aims to find out the effectiveness of the aforesaid programme on combating unemployment and improving the soul of India i.e. villages. For these purpose 50 grampanchayats of Mandor Block of Jodhpur District of Rajasthan state has been selected for the study and both primary data and secondary data was collected and analyzed using charts. The secondary data was collected from the website of government that provides data about MGNREGA and tabulated effectively to provide a conclusion about the impact of the programme and its weaknesses along with the suggestions if required.
A Comprehensive Study on Effective Administration of University Leadership and Limitations
Authors:   Administrative Management and Statistical Survey, Bangladesh., Moula Mohammad Golam
Published: April 2021

University leadership means the overall state of the administrative structure of a university which many universities in Bangladesh and the world have failed to meet this demand. In this paper, the researcher goes on to show how effective authority of a university can be built and the survey further shows how important effective authority of a university. University leadership and administration is a serious characteristic as it is about the effective of the whole institution. Leading promoters encourage transformational leadership, moral stewardship, principal as an instructional leader, and principal as a communicator or community builder. Effective and capable administration of the university relies on the principal. Leadership effectiveness is more related to situational leadership style in research universities and in a global framework. Hence, training and advance in university leadership involves a systematic planning which will result to outstanding institution.
Pelatihan Augmented Reality (AR) Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Guru
Authors: Hariawan Akto , Hermawan Hellik , Waluyo Retno
Published: April 2021

The development of information technology in the world is currently experiencing very rapid development, especially in the field of mobile phones making it easier for people to get information through smartphones. This development also plays a role in the development of learning media. One of the development of learning media that is currently still new is learning media using Augmented Reality (AR). but the teacher of SMKN 1 Karanganyar does not know Augmented Reality so they do not have the skills to make Augmented Reality as an alternative learning media. Therefore it is needed Augmented Reality (AR) technology training for learning media. Community service activities have a goal that teachers can understand Augmented Reality (AR) and have the skills to make learning media using augmented reality. Community service uses a monological and dialogical approach. This augmented reality training activity was participated by 21 productive teachers from SMK N 1 Karanganyar. After the training, 95% of productive teachers of SMK N 1 Karanganyar have improved their skills so they already know about Augmented Reality (AR) and how to make Augmented Reality (AR) as an alternative learning media.
Peningkatan SDM Melalui Keterampilan Desain Grafis Sebagai Peluang Usaha Ekonomis Produktif (UEP) Karang Taruna Desa Sokawera
Authors: Suliswaningsih Suliswaningsih , Junianto Andre , Arianto Aris Dwi
Published: April 2021

Tekad Sembada IX is a youth organization in the village of Sokawera, Cilongok, which was established in 1986. One of Karang Taruna Tekad Sembada IX's vision is to have a youth activity center called Karang Taruna Corner, where one of its activities is to create businesses in the field of digital printing. One of the skills needed is to make graphic designs to support these activities, therefore there is need for training to improve the ability of members of the organization. The purpose of community service is to provide knowledge and skills to members of Karang Taruna Tekad Sembada IX in Sokawera village, Cilongok by using Coreldraw software. Training materials include installation steps and the use of Coreldraw software to create banner and logo designs. The method used in this service activity is to provide training through the presentation and the use of Coreldraw software. The achievement of this dedication activity are the implementation of graphic design training with 10 participants who can take part in the training and the knowledge about graphic design using Coreldraw gained by the participant as a step to improve the human resources of Karang Taruna Tekad Sembada IX members in Sokawera village, Cilongok, Banyumas.
ROLE OF GRAY-SCALE AND DOPPLER ULTRASOUND OF CAROTID ARTERY IN RISK STRATIFICATION OF STABLE ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Basu Sudipta , Banerjee Sukanya , Das Prasun , Priya Basu Swadha
Published: April 2021

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity all over the world. The burden of IHD in India can be
explained by the alarming rise in the prevalence of coronary risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia, smoking, central
obesity and physical inactivity. For more than a decade various sonographic techniques have been used for the assessment arterial of carotid
disease.
Aim: to establish the role of Gray Scale USG and carotid artery Doppler study as a leading investigation in general population presenting with
Stable Ischemic Heart Disease and to evaluate the frequency and degree of carotid artery stenosis in these patients & also assess the morphology of
atherosclerotic plaque and IMT;to nd association between carotid artery stenosis and risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, ,deranged lipid
prole ,smoking and age.
Materials and methods: 50 patients were included in a prospective cross sectional study.Patients below 12 years of age were not included.Forty
two were male(84%) and rest were female(16%);all were admitted in cardiology ward and OPD already having undergone coronary
angiography.They were evaluated by gray scale as well as doppler ultrasound of both carotid arteries and the results were corroborated with
angiography ndings. For statistical analysis data were entered into a Microsoft excel spreadsheet and then analyzed by SPSS (version 24.0; SPSS
Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and Graph Pad Prism version 5. Correlation was calculated by Pearson correlation analysis
Results: In our study out of 50 patients with IHD 33 patients had atheromatous plaque. Abnormal carotid intima – media thickness (IMT) was
found in 40 (80%) of the study population. Multiple risk factors were present in our study group where most common risk factor was hypertension
(78%) ,smoking (74%) and followed by Dyslipidaemia (72%) and Diabetes (70%). Other risk factors (66%) were present in signicant number of
cases. From our study we can conclude that raised PSV across the carotid lesion will predict severe nature of coronary artery disease.
Conclusions: It has been found that multiple risk factors are associated with increased risk of ischemic heart disease. Further studies can be done in
persons with multiple risk factors to assess Carotid Intima media thickness as a screening tool to reduce risk of ischemic heartdisease. .Highresolution B-mode real-time sonography with Continuous-wave Doppler and single-gate pulsed wave sono Doppler graphy easily evaluates the
frequency and degree of carotid artery stenosis in these patients and also assess the morphology of atherosclerotic plaque and intima-medial
thickness which are clearly related to pathogenesis and aid in planning of management.