bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Трактовки личности Петра Первого в современной науке и коллективной памяти россиян
Authors: Емельянова Татьяна Петровна
Published: November 2020

Статья посвящена обзору интерпретаций значения личности Петра I для понимания исторического смысла его деяний. Приводятся данные исследования образов коллективной памяти различных групп россиян о Петре I, связанные с тем, что в коллективной памяти наших современников Петр I остается наиболее значительной фигурой в истории России. Респонденты отмечают культурные преобразования, произведенные императором, укрепление армии и флота, строительство Санкт-Петербурга, «окно в Европу» и новый уровень развития России. Время его правления рассматривается как судьбоносное для дальнейшей истории России.

Показано, что влияние институциональной памяти (содержание школьных учебников истории, популярные художественные фильмы о Петре I), сфокусированной на заданные трактовки, порождает эффект превознесения императора и его деяний у широкой публики. Авторы практически единодушны в оценке величия его личности, восхваляются таланты императора, указывая на то, что он овладел многими науками и ремеслами: был законотворцем, полководцем и флотоводцем, дипломатом, писателем, историком, географом и картографом, а также плотником и токарем.

Результаты научных исследований обнаруживают наличие глубоких противоречий в личности Петра I, а сама его личность представлена далеко не так однозначно. Объединяя имеющиеся оценки и суждения в этом направлении можно указать на три группы мнений: «панегиристы», считающие, что Петр I является выдающейся личностью; «обличители», утверждающие, что он разрушил сформировавшиеся русские традиции и устои; «объективисты», стремящиеся сбалансированно представить и заслуги, и недостатки деятельности Петра I. При этом, большинство авторов, несмотря на свою приверженность или негативизм по отношению к императору, отмечают ярко выраженную противоречивость его натуры.

В итоге отмечается, что изучение научных интерпретаций деятельности Петра I в коллективной памяти россиян и в стереотипах, распространяемых средствами институциональной памяти, помогут лучше понять тенденции современного политического сознания.
Self-Related Factors Explaining Double Standards in Assessing Emotional Costs of Victims Suffering from Severe and Triflng Offenses
Authors: Dubas-Miciuk Monika Maria , Miciuk Łukasz Roland
Published: November 2020

Rola emocji w ludzkiej moralności jest podkreślana przez wielu neuronaukowców i filozofów. Z psychologicznego punktu widzenia rozwiązywanie dylematów moralnych jest niemożliwe w oderwaniu od procesów poznawczo-emocjonalnych związanych z Ja. Niniejsze badanie miało na celu przetestowanie czynników związanych z Ja, potencjalnie wyjaśniających rozbieżności w zakresie szacowanych poziomów wrogości i smutku doświadczanych przez ofiary poważnych przestępstw i drobnych wykroczeń, w których wyobrażonym sprawcą była osoba dokonująca szacowania lub jakaś inna osoba. Badanie przeprowadzono w paradygmatach eksperymentalnym i korelacyjnym, przy czym kluczową metodą analizy danych była analiza powierzchni odpowiedzi (RSA). Przebadano 171 osób za pomocą takich kwestionariuszy, jak: Skala Motywów Autoewaluacyjnych (SMA), Skala Samooceny Rosenberga (SES), Polska Adaptacja testu Ten Items Personality Inventory (TIPIPL) oraz Skala Pozytywnego i Negatywnego Afektu – Wersja Rozszerzona (PANAS-X). Okazało się, że samoocena była predyktorem (nie)zgodności poziomów wrogości przypisywanych ofiarom poważnych przestępstw, podczas gdy motywy autowaloryzacji i samopoznania przewidywały określone wzorce (ro)zbieżności poziomów wrogości przypisywanych ofiarom drobnych wykroczeń. Dyskusja wyników dotyczy m.in. znaczenia perspektywy Ja dla skutecznego rozpoznawania stanów emocjonalnych innych ludzi.
Emotions and Feelings in Psychology Textbooks Published in Poland until 1914. Description, Classifications, Interpretations
Authors: Domański Cezary W.
Published: November 2020

Podręczniki są jednym z ważniejszych źródeł wiedzy na temat zagadnień tworzących obszar badań danej dyscypliny naukowej. Zawarta w nich wiedza odnosi się do aktualnego stanu poznania, odzwierciedla terminologię naukową, sposób definiowania różnych zjawisk oraz sposób rozumienia ich mechanizmów i nadawania im znaczenia w systemie danej nauki. Rola podręczników w kształceniu szkolnym i uniwersyteckim jest więc podstawowa. Poniekąd inspirują one także kierunki i tematy badań. W artykule naszkicowano miejsce emocji i uczuć w najważniejszych podręcznikach psychologii wydanych w języku polskim w latach 1863–1914. To zarówno dzieła psychologów polskich, jak i prace tłumaczone z języków obcych. Podręczniki te powstały w okresie, w którym jeszcze nie było ustalone polskie naukowe słownictwo psychologiczne. W opracowaniu opisano sposób prezentowania wiedzy o uczuciach i emocjach oraz ich klasyfikowania, a także podstawowe poglądy na temat ich genezy i związków z innymi zjawiskami świadomości. Był to stan wiedzy, który można uznać za punkt wyjścia do dalszego rozwoju psychologii emocji w Polsce.
Relation between an Afterimage Induced by Male or Female Figures and Emotions
Authors: Harciarek Mirosław
Published: November 2020

W artykule omówiono badania dotyczące relacji, jaka zachodzi między powidokiem wywołanym bodźcem o określonej treści a emocjami. Uzyskane wyniki mają rzucić światło na funkcję zjawiska powidoku w procesie percepcji, jak również pozwolić odpowiedzieć na pytanie, na ile powidok jest nośnikiem (przejawem, odzwierciedleniem) emocjonalnego znaczenia percypowanego bodźca. Zbadano zależność między czasem trwania powidoku sylwetki kobiety w odniesieniu do czasu trwania powidoku sylwetki mężczyzny a poziomem problemów emocjonalnych z matką. W badaniu uczestniczyło 68 studentów obu płci. Wyniki pokazały, że wysoki poziom problemów emocjonalnych z matką wydłuża czas trwania powidoku sylwetki kobiety w relacji do czasu trwania powidoku mężczyzny na poziomie istotnym statystycznie. Uzyskane rezultaty pozwalają wnioskować, że czas trwania powidoku jest związany z problemami emocjonalnymi osoby badanej.
Students' Welfare during SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
Authors: Góra Kamil , Bijas Katarzyna , Dziubek Joanna Nadzieja , Korniluk Adrian , Kurtyka Julia , Ledwoń Anna , Gerłowska Justyna
Published: November 2020

Rozprzestrzenienie się wirusa SARS-CoV-2 było nieoczekiwane, również co do jego skutków. W marcu 2020 r. WHO wprowadziło stan pandemii. Społeczeństwa były zmuszone do dostosowania się do zagrażającej sytuacji. Zmiany mają oddźwięk na polach codziennych interakcji i edukacji, bardzo ważnych dla grupy badanej. W niniejszym artykule skupiono się na analizie obciążenia psychologicznego wśród młodych dorosłych. Do tego celu opracowano własne narzędzie badawcze. Pomiary dokonane na wstępnych danych doprowadziły autorów do dwóch wniosków. Otóż odnotowano istnienie grupy szczególnie wrażliwej na negatywny wpływ pandemii. W tej grupie obserwuje się częstsze występowanie negatywnych emocji i uporczywych negatywnych myśli połączonych z somatyzacją. Te same dane sugerują, że większość badanych studentów cechuje się odpowiednią adaptacją w stosunku do sytuacji pandemii. Taki rezultat uzyskano przez wprowadzenie zachowań zorientowanych na cel, rekomendowanych przez międzynarodowe i krajowe organizacje zdrowotne.
Activated Persulfate and Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of Highly Contaminated Water Matrices: A Comparative Study
Authors:   Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Materials and Environmental Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia, Dulova Niina , Kattel Eneliis , Trapido Marina
Published: November 2020

The efficacy of Fe2+-activated persulfate (PS) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) treatment in total organic load and selected organic pollutants removal from different highly polluted industrial effluents was evaluated and compared. The studied wastewater samples involved a paint production wastewater (S1), phenolic wastewater (S2) and mature landfill leachate (S3). The coagulation proved an effective technique to pre-treat S1, and thus to reduce substantially the amount of chemicals required in the subsequent oxidation step. The Fenton treatment (HP/Fe2+) proved more effective S1 post-treatment technology than the PS/Fe2+ process and resulted in substantial COD and DOC removal as well as in considerable the BOD7/COD ratio increase. In the case of S2 and S3, the application of Fenton process also demonstrated higher total organic load removal efficacy than the PS/Fe2+ system. Conversely, the HP/Fe2+ oxidation was characterized by a temperature increase and excessive foam formation. The findings of this study provide valuable information for further full-scale applications of Fe2+-activated HP and PS based processes for the treatment of highly contaminated wastewater with the most effective concentrations of reagents used.
An unusual presentation of a giant pancreatic pseudocyst extending through the lateral abdominothoracic wall into the subcutaneous plane
Authors: Page Daniel , Munugani Suresh
Published: November 2020

Pancreatic pseudocysts are a common complication of pancreatitis affecting up to 40% of chronic cases. Typically, they are located within or abutting the pancreas and are self-limiting with the majority been smaller than 6cm, asymptomatic and resolving with conservative management. Here we present an unusual multiloculated giant pancreatic pseudocyst that originated at the pancreatic tail and extended through the lateral thoracoabdominal walls into the subcutaneous plane in a male with chronic alcohol pancreatitis. A literature search revealed no previous documented cases of this specific complication.
Preference and practice of Indian physicians towards the use of vasodilator di-hydralazine in the management of resistant hypertension
Authors: Kahale Pravin , Biswas Pijush Kanti , George Sunil , P. C. Sree Ranga , Singh Pankaj , Nag Sanjoy K. , Roy Soumen
Published: November 2020

Background: The treatment modalities of resistant hypertension (RH) remain a clinical challenge, often requiring secondary/add-on drugs with first-line therapy to control blood pressure (BP). This study was conducted to explore and understand the preferences and practices of Indian physicians towards the use of vasodilator (especially di-hydralazine) in the management of RH.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational, web-based physician survey. The study included cardiologist, nephrologist and consultant physicians from different geographical regions of India. A web-based physician survey questionnaire (PSQ) was created in google forms and the link was circulated to the physicians. Responses obtained were analysed.Results: A total of 457 physicians participated in this survey. In majority of the physicians, vasodilators were the treatment choice as secondary or add-on drugs with first line therapy to control BP in RH; especially hydralazine/di-hydralazine preferred the most. Majority of the physicians preferred to combine vasodilator with beta blocker and diuretic in patients with uncontrolled and RH. Cardiac failure, followed by chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertensive emergency and angina were the common patient profile in RH in which majority physicians prescribed vasodilator (di-hydralazine). Majority of the physicians rated vasodilator di-hydralazine as “good-very good” in terms of efficacy, safety, tolerability, patient compliance and patient satisfaction in RH.Conclusions: Overall, vasodilators (hydrazinophthalazine derivatives) are preferred as add-on drugs along with first-line drugs in RH. Physician’s opinion towards the use of di-hydralazine was positive. Di-hydralazine may be preferred as an add-on therapeutic option to control BP in RH, however randomized clinical trials are needed for recommendation in cardio-renal medicine.
An x-ray of a genocide: Persecution of Catholic Church during the Spanish civil war (1936-1939)
Authors: De la Fuente de Pablo Pablo
Published: November 2020

Radiogram ludobójstwa: prześladowania Kościoła w czasie wojny domowej w Hiszpanii (1936-1939)

Jednym z największych ludobójstw w historii Hiszpanii były mordy, do których doszło w wyniku prześladowań religijnych z okresu Drugiej Republiki oraz hiszpańskiej wojny domowej. Obecnie w ramach politycznie poprawnego dyskursu usiłuje się przedstawiać te fakty jako działania podejmowane przez osoby niekontrolowane przez ówczesne władze w trudnej do monitorowania sytuacji. Prawda jest jednak zupełnie inna. Zabójstwa, tortury i gwałty popełniały w przytłaczającej większości oddziały milicji, stworzone i nadzorowane przez władze Republiki.
Role of Macronutrients in the Prevention of Pre-Eclampsia - A Cross Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Centre in North India
Authors: Gangadharan Vandana , Srivastava Gaurie , Koshy George , Koshy Varghese
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Role for macronutrient supplementation in preventing pre-eclampsia is now backed with evidence which is evolving rapidly. We wanted to study and compare serum calcium and serum magnesium levels in pre-eclamptic women and women with normal pregnancy. METHODS 30 women with normal pregnancy and 30 women with preeclampsia were included in the study. Their serum calcium and magnesium levels were estimated using colorimetry. RESULTS Serum calcium levels in normotensive patients was found to be 9.3 ± 0.95 mg / dL and in preeclamptic patients, it was 8.3 ± 0.85 mg / dL. Serum magnesium levels were found to be 1.94 ± 0.24 mg / dL and 1.57 ± 0.125 mg / dL in normal and pre-eclamptic women respectively. These values were affected by age, parity, BMI, socio-economic status, and nutrition before and during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Low values of maternal serum calcium along with magnesium are related to preeclampsia which might have an association in this disease. We also realised that evaluation of base-line levels of serum calcium and magnesium are necessary during early pregnancy. Constant monitoring of blood pressure is also essential. Adequate intake of macronutrients is essential for maintaining health of both mother and child. Hence, measurable and realistic efforts must be made along these lines. Nutrition is a key concern in pregnant women and is pivotal in ensuring health in this vulnerable group. KEYWORDS Pre-Eclampsia, Serum Calcium, Serum Magnesium, Pregnancy, Macronutrients
A Cross Sectional Study of Sinonasal Pathologies and Their Endoscopic Surgical Management
Authors: A Shahul Hameed , R.T Abdul Salam , Dilna Dilna
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND In recent times, due to advancement in sinus endoscopes and sinus surgery instruments and the acquirement of skills, the variety of sinonasal diseases being treated and the indications for transnasal endoscopic approaches have increased dramatically. They include chronic rhinosinusitis and sinonasal polyposis to sinonasal tumours, skull base and orbital pathology. We wanted to study the role and outcome of endoscopic sinus surgery in the management of sinonasal disease. METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 patients attending the Department of ENT, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, over a period 2 years with sinonasal diseases. Demographic details, ENT examination, CT scan Paranasal Sinuses (PNS) and endoscopic examination of the nasal cavity were performed in all patients. Clinical signs were recorded and classified according to their pathologies. All the patients were subjected to functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Operative methods and results were recorded. RESULTS Among the 200 patients, 144 (72 %) were males and 56 (28 %) were female patients in the present study. Among the 200 patients, 126 (63 %) were in the age group of 21 to 50 years. 40 / 200 (20 %) patients belonged to the age group of 0 to 20 Years. 34 / 200 (17 %) patients belonged to the age group of 51 to 70 years. CONCLUSIONS The diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses ranged from inflammatory aetiology to neoplasms. Use of conventional tools for diagnosis and management of such a variety of diseases had their own limitations and demerits. Whereas endoscopic view of the disease sites was exceptionally clear and well-illuminated, giving an added edge to the ability to inspect the recesses with angled distal endoscopes. Definition of micro anatomical sites was well defined by the CT scan especially around osteo-meatal complex, and its anatomical variants. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was an excellent and safe procedure. The prognosis in surgically treating sinonasal pathologies with FESS was good in terms of lesser morbidity and minimal chances of recurrence. KEYWORDS Sinusitis, Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, CT Scan PNS, Skull Base Surgery, Sinonasal Tumours
Non-Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve - A Surgical Challenge
Authors: Paul Shib Shankar , Sahu Subrata Kumar , Chatterjee Indranil
Published: November 2020

Both the cases discussed here had right sided NRLN, out of which one had associated aberrant right subclavian artery. None had iatrogenic nerve palsy. Dissection was difficult as during the routine procedure of dissection, the nerve was not found in its usual route and was found that the right laryngeal nerve was not recurrent and originated directly from the vagus nerve. The non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) is a rare embryologically derived variant of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and is found in 0.25 to 0.99% of patients who undergo thyroid surgery. On the right side, NRLN is found in 0.3% to 0.8% of patients and it is extremely rare on the left (0.004%).[1-2] The right NRLN is found to be associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery (86.7%) In experienced hands, meticulous dissection in the region of the tracheoesophageal groove will result in identification of RLN. In any case, if the nerve is not seen / found longitudinally along the tracheoesophageal groove, then dissecting transversely along the fascial spaces between the carotid sheath and the larynx, will allow identification of the presence of NRLN. Recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of the vagus nerve that is associated with both motor function and sensation of the larynx. It supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscles. The non-recurrent laryngeal nerve (NRLN) is a rare embryologically derived variant of the recurrent laryngeal nerve and occurs in 0.25 to 0.99% of patients who undergo thyroid surgery and was first reported by Steadman in 1823.[3] on the right side, NRLN is found in 0.3% to 0.8% of patients and on the left side, it is extremely rare (0.004%).[1-2] The right NRLN is found to be associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery (86.7%).[1],[4] The NRLN is usually an unexpected surgical discovery, specifically during thyroidectomy. Hence, adequate anatomic knowledge of the normal course and variations/types of NRLN, and careful dissection during surgery is necessary to prevent iatrogenic injury to the nerve. We are reporting two cases of NRLN, which were identified while performing total thyroidectomy in patients diagnosed with papillary ca thyroid.
A Comparative Study of Small Dose of Ketamine and Midazolam as Co-Induction Agents to Propofol in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgeries under General Anaesthesia
Authors: Ubeja Disha , R.B Ravishankar
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Intravenous anaesthesia is an integral part of modern anaesthesia. But till date there is no single intravenous agent which fulfils all the characteristics of an ideal anaesthetic agent. The technique of co-induction is to administer a subanaesthetic dose of another inducing or sedative agent, so as to reduce the dose of primary agent. Propofol in the most frequently used IV anaesthetic agent used today, providing faster onset of action, antiemesis, rapid recovery with attenuation of pharyngeal, laryngeal and tracheal reflexes. The major disadvantages of propofol induction are impaired cardiovascular and respiratory function, which may put the patient at a higher risk of bradycardia, hypotension and apnoea. METHODS 150 patients of either sex in the age group of 18 to 65 years, undergoing elective surgeries were randomly selected and informed consents were taken. The study population was divided into three groups with 50 patients in each group. Group KP- 0.4 mg/Kg ketamine; Group MP- 0.03 mg/Kg midazolam and Group C- 10 mL NS. RESULTS Requirement of induction dose was reduced in both the groups and the induction dose was the least in group KP. Changes in haemodynamic parameters ere greater in group c and group MP as compared to group KP. CONCLUSIONS Co-induction with ketamine provides better hemodynamic stability and lesser induction dose of propofol as compared to midazolam. Therefore, ketamine is preferred as a co-induction agent to propofol. KEYWORDS Propofol, Ketamine, Midazolam
Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Intubating Conditions between Rocuronium and Suxamethonium
Authors: Sankar Vudayagiri Ravi , Babu Atturi Jeevan , Suchitra Mallam
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND We wanted to compare the safety and efficacy of rocuronium and suxamethonium with regard to tracheal intubation. METHODS 100 patients were divided at random into two categories of 50 subjects each. The first group was the suxamethonium (10 mg / Kg) group, and the second group was the rocuronium group (0 6 mg / Kg). Intubating conditions, time of intubation, duration of action, and complications if any, were assessed. RESULTS Clinically appropriate (excellent, good) intubating conditions were found in 100 % of patients in both categories. But, the time taken to intubate in group II (rocuronium) was significantly longer with a mean of 92.86 seconds than for group I (suxamethonium) with a mean of 63.04 seconds. The duration of action was longer for rocuronium with a mean of 24.30 minutes compared to suxamethonium with a mean of 72.60 minutes. No significant complications were observed in either group at the time intubation. CONCLUSIONS Rocuronium also creates clinically appropriate intubating conditions in 100 % of patients and rocuronium can be used as an alternative to suxamethonium where suxamethonium is contraindicated or is problematic. KEYWORDS Suxamethonium Rocuronium, Intubation
A Comparative Study between Patients Receiving Induction Chemotherapy and Conventional Weekly Cisplatin in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer Undergoing Radiation
Authors: Munagapati Vishnu Priya , Alankaar Paul , G.J. Benjamin
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND As most cases of head and neck cancer are locally advanced, i.e., stage III and IV, it may be useful to compare induction chemotherapy policies accompanied by simultaneous chemoradiation with concomitant chemoradiation alone, in terms of tumour response and toxicity profile in these cases. That's why this study was undertaken. We wanted to evaluate induction chemotherapy accompanied by chemoradiation in terms of local regulation as opposed to chemoradiation alone in locally advanced Head and Neck Cancers. METHODS This is a prospective comparative study. Study was done between July 2017 and July 2019, with Arm A (Test Group) & Arm B (Control group). Forty patients of locally advanced Head and Neck cancer from the outpatient department, selected for treatment, were included in the study, with 20 in each arm. RESULTS Reduction in tumour size after treatment was compared in both the groups with RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours) 1.1. Induction chemotherapy caused significant reduction in tumour size but had more toxicities which were manageable. When compared to conventional chemoradiation, the induction chemo group did not show statistically significant benefit. Response was better in patients with high nodal volume as some of the cases showed good response in the nodal volume irrespective of response of the primary. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes the role of induction chemotherapy in select patients with advanced disease, especially in high volume, where majority of cases (more than 80 %) are stage III or IV and above. Hence, patient selection is the key to outweigh the risk involved. KEYWORDS Cancer Undergoing Radiation Therapy
Cutaneous Angiosarcoma - A Clinicopathological Study of 16 Cases over a Period of Nine Years
Authors: Abraham Reema Miria , Manakkad Shiny Padinjarayil , Parampath Sathi Puthen , Valiaveetil Bindu
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Cutaneous angiosarcoma is an aggressive malignant mesenchymal vasoformative neoplasm accounting for 1 % of all soft tissue sarcomas. It carries a poor prognosis with high local recurrence rate. Cutaneous angiosarcoma occurs in 3 clinical settings namely idiopathic angiosarcoma of head and neck, angiosarcoma associated with chronic lymphedema and post irradiation angiosarcoma. Idiopathic angiosarcoma of head and neck of elderly are distinct from other types of angiosarcoma. Clinicopathological correlation of cutaneous angiosarcomas diagnosed during a period of nine years from January 2010 to July 2019 was done. METHODS We retrospectively studied and analysed specific data such as age, sex, site, size, clinical setting as well as six histopathological parameters and follow up. RESULTS There were 30 patients diagnosed as angiosarcoma. 16 of these cases were cutaneous. Their mean age was 60 years (44 – 80 years). Mean size of cutaneous tumours was 4 cms (3 – 10 cm). 15 were primary; one had history of preceding lymphedema. Most common location was scalp (14) followed by leg (2). Predominant pattern was vasoformative (75 %) which included spindle (62.5 %) and epithelioid (37.5 %) cell types. Four (25 %) showed extensive necrosis; ten (66.6 %) had high mitotic index and 12 (75 %) showed tumour infiltrating lymphocytes. All cases (100 %) were positive for CD31 & CD34. All underwent wide local excision. Adjuvant chemotherapy was given in two cases and adjuvant radiotherapy in three cases. Of the seven cases with follow up, five cases died of their disease and two survived. CONCLUSIONS Larger tumour size & older age group were associated with worse outcome. All our 14 cases very well fit with the angiosarcoma of scalp & face in elderly persons as described in the literature. This disease has unique characteristics compared to angiosarcoma in other locations. KEYWORDS Cutaneous, Angiosarcoma, Scalp, Elderly
Comparative Study to Assess Paediatric Circumcision with the Plastibell Device Technique and Conventional Dissection Technique – A Prospective Randomised Trial
Authors: Mangam Nilesh Parashuram , Tamgadge Lalit Vishvanath , Gajbhjye Ashok Suryabhan
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND Conventional Dissection Surgery (CDS) and Plastibell Device (PD) are the commonly used techniques for male circumcision. We wanted to evaluate and compare the postoperative problems and aesthetic results, and the patient’s / parent’s acceptance, of the two techniques of circumcision in boys. METHODS This was a prospective study in which children in the age group 0 - 12 years attending the surgery outpatient department for various indications of circumcision were enrolled on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were randomized and allocated into two groups, group PD and group CDS. Group PD was subjected to circumcision by Plastibell device technique. Group CDS was subjected to circumcision by conventional dissection technique. Duration of the circumcision and intra-operative complications if any were recorded, from starting the retraction of prepuce to completion of the procedure. Early and late complications were also compared during follow-up visits. Statistical analysis was performed using the Strata Software Version 10.0. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. RESULTS The mean age of children in PD and CDS group was found to be 5.30 ± 3.29 years and 5.58 ± 3.66 years respectively. The mean age of patients in both the groups was found to be comparable with no statistically significant difference. According to Kayaba’s classification type 1 and type 2 (41.4 %) prepuce were most common in both the groups. Phimosis, ballooning of prepuce and recurrent urinary tract infection were common indications for circumcision in our study. Mean surgical time was 5.91 ± 1.74 in the P D group and 23.52 ± 5.94 in the CDS group which was statistically highly significant (P = 0.0000). Bleeding, cicatricial scar and adhesions were more common in CDS group, whereas dysuria and swelling were more common PD group and the difference was statistically significant. Children required less analgesia in CDS group. The average rate of late complications was significantly less in PD group as compared to CDS group (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Circumcision by Plastibell device was comparable with conventional dissection technique in paediatrics age group. However, from aesthetic perspective, parents of Plastibell group appeared to be more satisfied than conventional dissection group. KEYWORDS Circumcision, Plastibell Device, Conventional Dissection Surgery, Complications
COVER CROPS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION - NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF MAIZE GROWN IN SUCESSION
Authors: VALICHESKI ROMANO ROBERTO , EGER JORDANO GILBERTO , STÜRMER SIDINEI LEANDRO K. , AMLER FABRÍCIO FLÁVIO , ESTEVÃO FELIPE JOSÉ , CRUZ SIHELIO JULIO SILVA
Published: November 2020

Cover crops can contribute differently to the supply of nitrogen to crops. The objective was to evaluate the response of maize to nitrogen doses (0, 70, 140, 210 and 280 kg ha-1) when grown in succession to cover crops (vetch, forage turnip, black oat, ryegrass and fallow). The randomized block experimental design was used, with subdivided plots and four replications. Cover crops were allocated into plots, and N doses into sub-plots. As to cover crops, the aspects evaluated were phytomass production, N content and total accumulated; with regard to maize, the aspects evaluated were SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis  evelopment) index, leaf N content, total grain protein, yield and agronomic efficiency of N. Black oat, ryegrass and forage turnip presented higher phytomass production. All species had similar results as to the total N accumulated in the aerial part (average value of 91.06 kg ha-1). In succession to black oat, ryegrass and fallow period, N doses up to 140 kg ha-1 applied in maize result in higher yield and better agronomic efficiency of nitrogen use. Without application of nitrogen (0.0 kg ha1), forage turnip and vetch provided higher total protein content in the grain, yield over 8,550 kg ha-1, and less agronomic efficiency of nitrogen use.
Hyperaldosteronemia as a risk factor of renal dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Shevelok A. N.
Published: November 2020

Objective: To assess the relationship between plasma aldosterone levels and renal function in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study included 158 patients with confirmed HFpEF. Patients with primary hyperaldosteronism, edema syndrome, end stage renal disease and taking mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists were excluded. Renal function was assessed by determining daily urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and calculating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Plasma aldosterone was measured by enzyme immunoassay.

Results: The patients were divided into two groups: 99 patients had normal (40-160 pg/ml) aldosterone plasma level (nAld) and 59 patients had high (> 160 pg/ml) aldosterone level (hAld). hAld patients had significantly higher UAE (median 342 mg/day [interquartile value 253; 453] versus 116 mg/day [32; 255], p < 0.001), and lower GFR (52 ml/min/1.73 m2 [46; 67.5] versus 66 ml/min/1.73 m2 [53; 79]) compared to nAld. The prevalence of impaired renal filtration function and severe albuminuria was higher in hAld group then in nAld (p < 0.001). In binomial logistic regression models adjusted for age, severity of HFpEF and comorbidities high aldosterone plasma level were independent risk factors of significant (< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) decrease in GFR (odds ratio 4.25, 95% confidence interval 2.01-16.6) and very high (> 300 mg/day) albuminuria (odds ratio 2.23, 95% confidence interval 1.24-9.63).

Conclusion: In HFpEF plasma aldosterone levels are closely related to renal function. Secondary hyperaldosteronism is associated with an increased risk of impaired renal filtration and severe albuminuria.
Análisis de la bidireccionalidad sísmica en la respuesta de estructuras de concreto armado con irregularidades de esquina entrante y de piso blando
Authors:   ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Sobrado Ortega Victor Hugo , Yaranga Huamaní Rogelio
Published: November 2020

El diseño sísmico de las edificaciones se realiza, por lo general, mediante el análisis unidireccional para cada uno de los ejes principales de manera independiente. Sin embargo, los eventos sísmicos tienen un comportamiento bastante aleatorio e imponen solicitaciones bidireccionales a las estructuras. En el presente trabajo se realiza el estudio de la respuesta en edificaciones con irregularidades de esquina entrante y de piso blando. Para ello, se ha realizado el análisis tiempo historia lineal (ATHL) de éstas imponiendo solicitaciones sísmicas en dos direcciones ortogonales. Así, se obtiene la respuesta estructural con variaciones de ángulos de incidencia de 10° y se compara con la respuesta derivada del análisis unidireccional. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el análisis tradicional subestima las respuestas de las estructuras. Se obtienen variaciones de hasta 50% y 72% para estructuras modelos con esquina entrante y piso blando respectivamente.
MOCKING NATION BUILDING AND IDENTITY. AN ANALYSIS OF CARICATURES IN HUNGARIAN, ROMANIAN, SERBIAN, AND SLOVAK SATIRICAL PERIODICALS IN THE MID TO LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY
Authors: TAMÁS ÁGNES
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to present a comparative analysis of caricatures published in Hungarian (Üstökös, Borsszem Jankó), Serbian (Bič, Vrač pogađač), Romanian (Gur’a Satului), and Slovak (Černokňažník) satirical press in Hungary in the second half of the nineteenth century. The depth of the connection between identity, nation building, and humour will be demonstrated. Theories of nationalism often emphasise the primacy of the role of the press and of print media in nation building processes. To investigate this, humorous printed sources have been selected. The comparison utilises and complements Anthony D. Smith’s definition of the ethnic core and reflects on Christie Davies’ theory of ethnic humour. Tethered by these concepts, the analysis of the caricatures investigates the following aspects: names for the Self and the Other, elements of culture and tradition (languages, habits, religions, supposed characteristics, clothing and bodily features), symbols of the Self and the Other, historical memories and myths of the common ancestry of the Self and the Other, and the definitions of “our” vs. “their” territory and homeland. This analysis reveals that the stereotypes observed in satirical magazines and the images of the Other and of the Self depicted through the use of humorous or ironic techniques can be effectively distinguished and connected to the nation building process and to the process of shaping “enemies”.
BANOVINAS – ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS OF KING ALEXANDER I KARAĐORĐEVIĆ AND HIS PERSONAL REGIME
Authors: VAJAGIĆ PREDRAG M.
Published: November 2020

One of the main consequences of the King Alexander I Karađorđević’s personal regime was an administrative rearrangement of the state that formed new administrative units called banovinas. Historiography to date has not shed much light on the circumstances under which the banovinas were formed. Studies show that this issue occupied much of the attention of the king and his court, and that the best experts were engaged. At the beginning of the dictatorship, banovinas and their bans were used as a means through which the proclaimed ideology of Yugoslavism would come into being in the form of a single Yugoslav nation. The starting point was to remove national and historical borders between Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, which were regarded as the culprits behind divisions within the population. Presenting federalization as derived through banovinas as administrative units served to conceal their true function in the process of building a unified state. Following the death of King Alexander I Karađorđević, there was an abundance of support for the idea of banovinas as administrative units and as part of the foundation of the Yugoslav state. After only ten years, the borders of the banovinas, as defined by the September constitution, were changed due to the creation of the Banovina of Croatia. This act annulled all the principles of the 1929 administrative rearrangement. The further fate of the banovinas was determined by the Second World War, in which the Kingdom of Yugoslavia as a state disappeared. Based on an analysis of available archival material, periodicals, memoirs of contemporaries and historiographical publications, the intention of this study is to show how the banovinas, as new administrative units, were used to serve the king’s personal dictatorship. Opinions of the Banovinas as parts of the administrative system are mostly negative. However, in a broader context, they brought progress and prosperity to certain areas of the state.
THE RITUAL ROLE OF HONEY IN ANCIENT EGYPT, HATTI AND GREECE
Authors: BOWIE ANGUS
Published: November 2020

This is a comparison between the uses of honey in ritual contexts in the cultures of ancient Egypt, Hatti and Greece. Strong differences are illustrated. In Egypt, more particularly Lower Egypt, honey plays an important role in royal rituals linking the power, health and fertility of gods and pharaohs. By contrast among the Hittites honey, though involved in important rituals, especially those intended to ‘sweeten’ gods and make them appear amongst the gods or men, is only one ingredient among many. In Greece there appears to be a difference between Mycenaean times, when as far as the sparse evidence allows us to see honey was not restricted to particular types of god, and the Archaic and Classical periods, when it was very substantially confined to rites of an abnormal kind, rites evoking past ages and rites concerning the Underworld and the dead. The article ends with reflections on the limitations of such a comparison as this, and speculation on the reasons for the differences noted. Though the evidence must perforce be laid out very selectively, a range of original sources is quoted.
THE BAKIĆES AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE SOCIAL RISE OF VLACH FAMILIES IN THE EARLY OTTOMAN PERIOD
Authors: LEMAJIĆ NENAD
Published: November 2020

During the period of Ottoman penetration and stabilization in the Balkans, one community within what was then Serbian society gained importance. They were pastoralists who were referred to in documents of the time as Vlachs. Vlach communities that specialized in extensive pastoralism are recorded in the oldest documents related to medieval Serbia from the end of the twelfth and the beginning of the thirteenth centuries. Over time, these groups took on a Serbian ethnicity. The collapse of classical feudalism and the specific Ottoman system, especially in the hinterlands and sparsely populated areas, gave the Vlach communities opportunities for meaningful social progress. The paper analyzes the rise of the Vlach Bakić family, who rose to power during the second half of the fifteenth and the first half of the sixteenth centuries, first within the Ottoman Empire and then later within Habsburg Hungary.
Variasi Presipitasi Pelarut pada Ekstraksi RNA dengan Metode Trizole dan Pengaruh terhadap Kemurnian RNA
Authors: Shaomianah Siti
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAKVirus dengue ditularkan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti dan Aedes albopictus. Nyamuk-nyamuk tersebut endemik di sebagian besar daerah vektor-vektor itu muncul memiliki empat serotipe yang berbeda secara antigenik. Empat serotipe virus dengue: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 dan DENV-4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan pelarut yang baik terhadap virus Dengue RNA Surabaya tipe-1 (DENV-1). Pelarut yang digunakan adalah Isopropanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, 96% ethanol, methanol, acetone-Methanol (1: 1), dimethyl formamide, dan akuades. RNA diisolasi dengan metode TRIzol. TRIzol (atau TRI Reagent) adalah larutan satu fasa dari fenol dan guanidinium isothiocyanate yang secara bersamaan melarutkan bahan biologis dan mendenaturasi protein. Hasil dari penilitian ini adalah didapatkan pelarut presipitasi RNA terbaik adalah aseton-metanol (1:1), karena campuran pelarut tersebut memiliki konstanta dielektrik terendah. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa pelarut aseton-metanol (1:1) dapat digunakan sebagai pelarut presipitasi untuk mengisolasi RNA
Caste-washing the healthcare system will do little to address its discriminatory practices
Authors: Karpagam Sylvia
Published: November 2020

Bullying, discrimination and harassment within the healthcare system in India is well known and urgent measures have to be put in place to address them. However locating caste-based harassment as general bullying would be a disservice to the thousands of young people from vulnerable communities who often face extreme harassment within the system. Naming this as caste based harassment would be the first step to addressing it. There is an urgent need for reservation policies to be strengthened to allow representation of vulnerable communities at all levels of healthcare planning, implementation and evaluation.
LIBS et XRF : deux techniques pour la mesure rapide des éléments nutritifs dans les sols
Authors: Masson Pierre , Gallet-Budynek Anne , Guezenoc Julian
Published: November 2020

L’émergence de dispositifs analytiques portables tels que la spectrométrie de fluorescence des rayons X et la spectrométrie sur plasma induit par laser, permet de disposer d’outils pratiques et rapides pour réaliser des mesures élémentaires directement sur les sols, sans préparation préalable des échantillons. Leur utilisation peut être envisagée pour cartographier une parcelle, pour fournir des indicateurs en temps réel des potentialités d’un sol mais aussi pour suivre ces performances dans le temps en fonction d’un changement de contexte.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO MARKETING COMO FERRAMENTA ESTRATÉGICA DE GERENCIAMENTO PARA MICRO E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS.
Authors:   UNIRUY, de Jesus Ribeiro Gustavo Luan
Published: November 2020

A inclusão do plano de marketing na gestão das empresas é uma maneira de mantê-la orientada ao mercado, o que lhe permitirá maior conexão com os clientes e trará um retorno favorável, independente do seu ramo ou seu porte. Entretanto, micro e pequenas empresas possui uma atitude inerte em relação ao planejamento de marketing, pois culturalmente os microempresários acreditam que esta ferramenta seja somente para as grandes corporações e outros se baseiam em estratégias, mas não dispõe de um plano. A presente pesquisa visou contribuir para o crescimento e desenvolvimento das organizações de pequeno porte. Deste modo este estudo teve por finalidade apresentar a importância do marketing como uma ferramenta de gestão estratégica para micro e pequenas empresas a partir de aportes teóricos.
CUSTOS E FORMAÇÃO DE PREÇOS DOS SERVIÇOS CONTÁBEIS: UM ESTUDO JUNTO A UM ESCRITÓRIO DE CONTABILIDADE EM MACEIÓ/AL
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Araujo Valença de Oliveira Jann Lucas , Sena dos Santos Júnior Marcos Henrique ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Cavalcante Paulo Sergio ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, da Silva Valdemir ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Silva de Lima Andreza Cristiane ,   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo apurar os custos e a formar os preços dos serviços contábeis prestados por um escritório de contabilidade, localizado na cidade de Maceió/AL, seguindo a metodologia do custeio por absorção. A pesquisa trata-se de um estudo de caso com caráter quantitativo e descritivo, realizada no período de outubro de 2018. Por meio de métodos utilizados na contabilidade de custos apurou-se os custos da empresa e pela fórmula do Mark-up formulou-se a estimativa do novo preço de venda para os serviços prestados pela organização. Nota-se que a empresa estudada pode explorar sua política de preços para alcançar a margem de lucro estimada pelo mercado. Para isso, a organização e os profissionais da contabilidade devem estar sempre se informando e estudando para que possam agregar, ainda mais, valores aos seus serviços.
Islamic Social Reporting and Financial Distress In List of Sharia Securities
Authors: Cahyani Utari Evy , Ardiansyah Misnen , Sunaryati Sunaryati
Published: November 2020

The number of sharia-approved companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange is growing rapidly. It is important to see how the social performance of these companies, using Islamic Social Reporting Index (ISR Index). Financial Distress as an early sign of a company’s failure is also important to study. This study examines the relation between ISR Index and financial distress in list of sharia securities. The control variables apply in this research are SIZE, ROA, CR, WCTR, DER, and RETA. By using a sample of 129 companies from financial statements and annual reports (2014-2018), three models were built with the Modified Altmans Z-Score, Ohlson O-Score and Zmijewski Zm-Score as a proxy of financial distress. Based on ISR index calculation, the theme of products and services has the highest disclosure score. The lowest disclosure score is corporate governance theme. Panel data regression results show that ISR Index affects financial distress in the Modified Altman’s model. It means the higher the ISR index value, the greater the likelihood of companies run into financial distress. Whereas in Ohlson’s and Zmijewski’s model, ISR Index has no effect on financial distress.
Overexpression of FAM83A Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis Via Activating Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Head Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ji Huan , Song Haiyang , Zhang Wei , Wang Zeyu , Jiao Pengfei , Zheng Yang , Zheng Yangyu , Jiang Yue , Zhang Jinping , Xu Jiani , Li Xuan , Du Hongming , Ding Xu , Wu Heming , Zhong Yi
Published: November 2020

Purpose:This research aimed to investigate FAM83A expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and its function in the proliferation and metastasis.Materials and Methods:FAM83A mRNA and protein expression in HNSCC was detected via TCGA database, primary HNSCC samples, and cell lines. The associations between FAM83A expression and clinicopathologic variables were evaluated through tissue microarrays. Besides, FAM83A knockdown and overexpression cell lines were constructed to assess its biological function including cell growth and metastasis in vitro and the relationship between FAM83A and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was explored. Furthermore, two models of xenograft tumors in nude mice were used to assess the tumorigenicity and metastasis ability of FAM83A in vivo.Results:In the present study, we discovered the FAM83A expression was overexpressed in the HNSCC samples and was significantly associated with tumor size, lymph node status, and pathological grades. Mechanically, FAM83A could promote HNSCC cell growth and metastasis by inducing EMT via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Rescue experiment demonstrated the inhibition of β-catenin could counteract FAM83A function and there is a bi-directional signaling loop between FAM83A and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Also, the FAM83A knockdown could suppress tumor growth and distant metastasis in HNSCC xenograft animal models.Conclusions:Taken together, we demonstrated that FAM83A is upregulated in HNSCC and it could promote cell growth and metastasis via activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HNSCC, which may provide a novel therapeutic target in HNSCC treatment.