bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Red squirrel territorial vocalizations deter intrusions by conspecific rivals
Authors: Siracusa Erin , Morandini Marina , Boutin Stan , Humphries Murray M. , Dantzer Ben , Lane Jeffrey E. , McAdam Andrew G.
Published: December 2017

In many species, territory advertisement is thought to be one of the primary functions of acoustic communication. North American red squirrels are a territorial species in which ‘rattles’ have long been thought to be the principal signal communicating territory ownership. These vocalizations have been assumed to deter intruders, thus reducing energetic costs and the risk of injury associated with direct aggressive interactions. However, this hypothesis has not been directly tested. Here we used a speaker occupation experiment to test whether red squirrel rattles function to deter conspecific rivals. We studied 29 male squirrels and removed each individual from his territory twice in a paired design. During the experimental treatment, we simulated the owner’s presence after its removal by broadcasting the owner’s rattle from a loudspeaker at the centre of the territory once every 7 min. During the control treatment, the territory was left in silence following the temporary removal of the owner. We found that the presence of a speaker replacement reduced the probability of intrusion by 34% and increased the latency to first intrusion by 7%, providing support for the hypothesis that rattles play an active role in reducing intrusion risk. However, intrusions were not completely averted by the speaker replacement, indicating that for some individuals vocalizations alone are not a sufficient deterrent without other cues of the territory owner.
Emil Orlik: From Japan
Authors: Hánová Markéta
Published: December 2017

Prague-born painter and graphic artist Emil Orlik (1870-1932) made his first visit to Japan in 1900 to get acquainted with the woodblock printing technique as well as everyday life there. During his stay, he not only created ink drawings, watercolors, pastels, and gouaches, but also took the opportunity to collect Japanese art, including ukiyo-e prints. These were eventually included in an exhibition in 1902, which traveled to Brno and Prague after its premiere in Dresden and Berlin. Besides promoting a broader awareness of Japan and its traditional culture to Prague and its artistic milieu, the exhibition also testified to Orlik´s discernment as a collector.1
Effective String Instruction Five
Authors: Woody Robert Henley
Published: December 2017

While string teachers in the public schools must show proof of training and competency to earn certification, becoming a string instructor in other contexts is often a self-ordained status, free from any quality control. Many uncertified string instructors provide excellent services, but others are woefully lacking. Entry competence for teaching includes familiarity with and adherence to certain fundamentals of learning.
Selecting a Contemporary Viola
Authors: Chapman Eric
Published: December 2017

Eric Chapman is head of Eric Chapman Violins Inc. in Larchmont, New York. A founding member of the Violin Society of America, he served as its president from 1975 to 1982. Mr. Chapman has directed four international violin-making competitions since 1975. He was co-founder of the Ann Arbor Summer Symphony and served as its first Executive Director. In 1979, he was awarded the Ysäye Medallion by the Ysäye Foundation and the Belgian Government for contributions to music. In addition to his work with instruments, Mr. Chapman commissioned “Little Fantasy” for viola & piano by Meyer Kupferman and String Quartet #2 by Ruth Scholthal.
Early Training for the Future Ensemble Player
Authors: Sharp Erica
Published: December 2017

Violinist Sharp has been performing in California since 1955, including 20 years as a member of the San Francisco Symphony, a year as principal second violinist in the San Francisco Chamber Orchestra and four years as a member of the UC Davis resident Bloch String Quartet. Following six years of free-lance studio work in Los Angeles, she has been teaching and performing in the San Diego area.

She currently conducts the Civic Youth Orchestra #2 and coaches the strings of both the Civic Youth Orchestra #1 and the La Jolla Civic Orchestra.

Her lecture, “How to Get an Orchestra Job and Keep It,” will be published in guidebook form in the spring.
Guide to the Contemporary Etudes for Contrabass
Authors: Turetzky Bertram , Childs Barney , Erb Donald , Johnson Tom , Ruggeri Roger
Published: December 2017

“One purpose of any professional association is to keep its members informed of new developments and to give them an opportunity to master new skills, or at least to understand them.”—Margaret Farish

It is appropriate to recall these words of educator Farish — then ASTA Publications Chairman —who pronounced them as she expedited the ASTA Contemporary Etudes Project. The first phase of the project was completed as ASTA prepared and published, in 1982, with violinist Eugene Gratovitch as project editor, 16 Contemporary Violin Etudes for Study and Performance.

Robert Culver succeeded Margaret Farish as ASTA Publications Chairman, and continued with the project. With this issue of AST, we announce the publication of the second volume commissioned toward this goal — Contemporary Etudes for Contrabass. With performance notes by project editor Bertram Turetzky, with music written by bassist Turetzky and composers Barney Childs, Donald Erb and Tom Johnson, and with the acceptance you will see noted on these pages, we feel sure the volume will serve its purpose. Contemporary Etudes for Contrabass will become a creative doorway for bassists moving into the twenty-first century; it will become a standard part of the learning — and performing — repertoire.

The etude book is handsomely designed, spiral-bound, generously laid out in a 9”xl2” format for ease of reading, with 78 pages of music and performance notes. The music is written at a level for bassists who already have the ability to perform much of the literature; however, the forms, the ideas and the music should be of interest to any educator and any student of the bass. Priced at $12.95, the book is available through Theodore Presser, Presser Place, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010. Look for a publications order blank elsewhere in this issue. [J.A.]
President's Message
Authors: Frost Robert
Published: December 2017

How many times it thundered before Franklin took the hint! How many apples fell on Newton's head before he took the hint! Nature is always hinting at us. It hints over and over again. And suddenly we take the hint.
Practicing Efficiently—For Teachers
Authors: Wreede Katrina , Ritscher Karen
Published: December 2017

Katrina Wreede has an active career as a performer, teacher, and composer. Formerly the violist with the Turtle Island String Quartet, she performs with chamber music groups, a viola/piano duo, and a string trio, all of which explore free jazz sensibilities inside the chamber music form. While violist with TISQ, she performed to critical acclaim in more than 40 states and nine countries, appearing in numerous television specials. She teaches both privately and for several youth orchestras and presents workshops on improvisation and composition to children and adults. She also composes in her “Improvisational Chamber Music” style.
The Colour Strings Method for the Young Violinist
Authors: Brown Rebekah Ann , Holborn Elizabeth Ivanoff
Published: December 2017

Violinist Rebekah Ann Brown is director of the Columbus School of Music and the Violin School of Bloomington, Indiana. At Indiana University, she specializes in violin pedagogy. She conducts psychoacoustic research in measurements of expressive intonation by recording artists and performs comparative studies of holistic philosophies. She has studied Colour Strings in this country and in London and has a Suzuki certificate from Matsumoto, Japan.

Brown has taught in private studios, public schools, and universities and has been a musical director of youth symphonies. Her expertise is sought in clinics and seminars and by artists-in-residence who are working with students and teachers. She uses both orchestral literature and American fiddle music with students for developing technique. She has also cataloged an extensive list of twentieth-century music for technical studies at all levels of proficiency.
Harp Lessons by Telecommunication
Authors: Downs Dennis , Lindquist Ellen
Published: December 2017

Dennis A. Downs, orchestra instructor at Cedar Falls High School and Peet Junior High School, has taught public school orchestras for 25 years. Past president of the Iowa String Teachers Association and Iowa School Orchestra Association, he is an MENC Certified Music Instructor with a BFAE from Wayne State College, MA from the University of Northern Colorado, and Ed Ad from the University of Nebraska. A cellist in the Waterloo-Cedar Falls Symphony, he also directs the Cedar Falls Municipal Band and performs professionally on guitar, bass, and trombone.

Downs is the project facilitator for the distance education program he describes in this article.
From American Indian Dance Music to Video Games: Re-thinking Instructional Methods
Authors: Sturman Janet L.
Published: December 2017

We have no method of teaching, only ways of learning,” says Angelo Joaquin Jr., founder of the Young Waila Musicians Workshop. He was not talking about string instruction, but the philosophy implicit in his remarks summarizes some of the valuable lessons string teachers might receive from the Tohono O'odham Indian nation.
Raman, Infrared, and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Identification of Particles in Raw Materials
Authors: Lee Kathryn , Lankers Markus , Valet Oliver
Published: December 2017

Raw materials need to be of a certain quality with respect to physical and chemical composition. They also need to have no contaminants, including particles, because these could indicate raw material impurities or contaminate the product. Particle identification allows determination of process conditions that caused them and whether the quality of the final product is acceptable. Particles may appear to the eye to be very different things than they actually are. They may be coated with the raw material and may consist of several components; therefore, chemical and elemental analyses are required for accuracy in proper identification and definitive information about their source. Thus, microscope versions of Raman spectroscopy, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy are excellent tools for identifying particles in materials. Those tools are fast and accurate, and can provide chemical and elemental composition as well as images that can aid identification. The micro-analysis capabilities allow for easy analysis of different portions of samples so that multiple components can be identified and sample preparation can be reduced or eliminated. The differences in sensitivities of Raman and IR spectroscopies to different functional groups as well as the elemental analysis provided by LIBS and the image analysis provided by the microscopy makes these complementary techniques and provides the advantage of identifying various chemical components. Proper spectral searching techniques and interpretation of the results are important for interpretation and identification of trace contaminants.
Ecstasy as Polemic: Mysticism and the Catholic Reformation
Authors: Eire Carlos M.N.
Published: December 2017

In the 16th century, Protestants rejected the possibility of mystical encounters between humans and God. Catholics responded in various ways, but perhaps most forcefully by continuing to claim mystical experiences and by emphasizing extreme forms of mysticism. This paper analyzes how that rejection affected the development of Catholic mysticism at that time, especially in the case of Saint Teresa of Avila (1515–82), whose ecstasies were closely examined by the Spanish Inquisition, but were subsequently approved and promoted as exemplary of the truths professed by the Catholic Church.
Form seeking function: An exploratory content analysis evaluation of the imagery contained in law enforcement agency police officer recruitment brochures
Authors: Jolicoeur Jason R , Grant Erin
Published: December 2017

The current exploratory study incorporates conceptual content analysis as a means of examining the imagery contained within a selected sample of police department recruitment brochures. The study examines the proportional representation of the different policing styles (watchman, legalistic and service) that were identified by Wilson (1968) in the recruitment brochure images ( n = 62) that were analysed. The results indicate that the watchman style was most commonly depicted in the recruitment material images that were included in the study. Additionally, the findings obtained indicate that the bulk of the remaining images contained in the recruitment brochures that were examined depicted a legalistic orientation towards policing, rather than one more aligned with a service orientation. The significance of these findings are examined, specifically as they relate to the officer hiring and retention issues currently facing the American law enforcement profession. Additional discussions evaluate how the results obtained relate to ongoing efforts in many departments to implement a more community-oriented approach to law enforcement. Limitations of the current study are identified and discussed and suggestions for future research are advanced.
The Structural Relationship Between Out-of-School Time Enrichment and Black Student Participation in Advanced Science
Authors: Young Jamaal , Young Jemimah
Published: December 2017

The researchers tested a model of the structural relationship between Black student engagement in out-of-school time (OST) science enrichment and participation in advanced science courses in high school. The participants in the sample were Black students ( N = 3,173) who participated in the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009/2012. The student participants were in the ninth grade and ranged in age from 14 to 16 years. The results suggested that the model adequately fit the data, and that a direct relationship existed between OST enrichment and Black student participation in advanced science. In addition, Black female students participated statistically significantly more in advanced science than their male peers. Socioeconomic status also was a statistically significant indicator of advanced science course participation. Engagement in OST was not statistically significantly influenced by gender or socioeconomic status. This research extends the implications of informal science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) to support the diversification of advanced high school science courses and STEM participation by providing distinct estimates of the effects of OST on Black students.
The Foucault Effect in Organization Studies
Authors: Raffnsøe Sverre , Mennicken Andrea , Miller Peter
Published: December 2017

Since the establishment of Organization Studies in 1980, Michel Foucault’s oeuvre has had a remarkable and continuing influence on its field. This article traces the different ways in which organizational scholars have engaged with Foucault’s writings over the past thirty years or so. We identify four overlapping waves of influence. Drawing on Foucault’s Discipline and Punish, the first wave focused on the impact of discipline, and techniques of surveillance and subjugation, on organizational practices and power relations. Part of a much wider ‘linguistic’ turn in the second half of the twentieth century, the second wave led to a focus on discourses as intermediaries that condition ways of viewing and acting. This wave drew mainly on Foucault’s early writings on language and discourse. The third wave was inspired by Foucault’s seminal lectures on governmentality towards the end of the 1970s. Here, an important body of international research investigating governmental technologies operating on subjects as free persons in sites such as education, accounting, medicine and psychiatry emerged. The fourth and last wave arose out of a critical engagement with earlier Foucauldian organizational scholarship and sought to develop a more positive conception of subjectivity. This wave draws in particular on Foucault’s work on asceticism and techniques of the self towards the end of his life. Drawing on Deleuze and Butler, the article conceives the Foucault effect in organization studies as an immanent cause and a performative effect. We argue for the need to move beyond the tired dichotomies between discipline and autonomy, compliance and resistance, power and freedom that, at least to some extent, still hamper organization studies. We seek to overcome such dichotomies by further pursuing newly emerging lines of Foucauldian research that investigate processes of organizing, calculating and economizing characterized by a differential structuring of freedom, performative and indirect agency.
Dynamic modeling of two-dimensional-deployable linked panels in space
Authors: Takatsuka Masao
Published: December 2017

The objective of the present study is to derive a dominant equation of our previously proposed two-dimensional-deployable linked panel structure in space, which expresses the relationship between the deployment motion and input moment by an actuator. This article presents a derivation sequence of the dominant equation by the general dynamic modeling of square panels and demonstrates its numerical calculation examples. This numerical experimentation may be useful for designing an actuator considering deployment time in space, especially for realization of a future Solar Power Satellite which consists of square solar panels.
Promoting Parent Engagement in Behavioral Intervention for Young Children With ADHD: Iterative Treatment Development
Authors: DuPaul George J. , Kern Lee , Belk Georgia , Custer Beth , Hatfield Andrea , Daffner Molly , Peek Daniel
Published: December 2017

The most efficacious psychosocial intervention for reducing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in young children is behavioral parent training (BPT). Potential benefits are hindered by limited accessibility, low session attendance, and poor implementation of prescribed strategies. As a result, only approximately half of families with young children with ADHD receive BPT. We describe an innovative approach for reducing barriers to BPT access. Specifically, we invoked an iterative, 5-step process of intervention development and revision to modify an existing face-to-face BPT program and develop an online version. Results indicated that the revised program and online versions (a) increased parent engagement with BPT, (b) enhanced accessibility, (c) produced favorable parent acceptability and feasibility ratings, and (d) resulted in improved child outcomes.
Cognitive strategies in sight-singing: The development of an inventory for aural skills pedagogy
Authors: Fournier Guillaume , Moreno Sala Maria Teresa , Dubé Francis , O’Neill Susan
Published: December 2017

This research aimed to identify, describe and categorize cognitive strategies related to sight-singing within aural skills education. Using a constant comparative method, we carried out a thematic content analysis using NVivo to categorize strategies in a broad range of sources, including six interviews, five scientific publications, two professional books, and two ear-training manuals. Findings revealed 72 cognitive strategies grouped into four main categories and 14 subcategories: reading mechanisms (pitch decoding, pattern building, validation), sight-singing (preparation, performance), reading skills acquisition (musical vocabulary enrichment, symbolic associations, internalization, rehearsal techniques) and learning support (self-regulation, attention, time management, motivation, stress). Our cognitive strategy inventory provides a new framework for the study of cognitive strategies in aural skills research, and offers new insights for teachers who implement explicit cognitive strategies within their sight-singing pedagogy.
News from Parahotep: the Small Finds from his Tomb at Sedment Rediscovered*
Authors: Franzmeier Henning
Published: December 2017

In 1920/21, a team led by W. M. F. Petrie worked in the vast cemeteries of Sedment in Middle Egypt. Among the tombs discovered, tomb 201 is outstanding in size and can be compared to contemporary elite tombs at Saqqara. The complex contained the burial of the Ramesside vizier (Pa-)Rahotep. Although the vizier and his family relations have been the subject of various discussions, the small finds from his tomb, today kept at Chicago's Oriental Institute Museum, were never taken into account. This article presents the results of a re-examination of all known finds from the tomb, including the architectural elements. It focuses, however, on evidence of the people presumably buried in the tomb, as derived from the small finds. Of particular significance are two shabtis of a high priest of Osiris named Tjay. As Tjay was most probably not buried in tomb 201, the presence of these two figures points to new interpretations of the meaning of shabtis and the use of shabtis by a group of highranking officials in Ramesside Egypt.
The Enigma of the Pleated Dress: New Insights from Early Dynastic Helwan Reliefs*
Authors: Jones Jana
Published: December 2017

Recent study of Early Dynastic funerary relief slabs (or stelae) from the Memphite necropolis at Helwan has uncovered new evidence that addresses long-standing issues regarding the horizontally pleated, long-sleeved V-necked dress. The dress appears with surprising frequency in the archaeological record, but until now was not known from Egyptian monuments. The iconographic evidence on Second Dynasty Helwan reliefs showing tomb owners wearing dresses with short, pleated sleeves redresses this lacuna and challenges the notion that the dress was restricted to low status burials at provincial sites. The study has revealed a marked anomaly between the Early Dynastic period and the Old and Middle Kingdoms in relation to the demographic distribution of the dress and status of the individuals. Furthermore, the Early Dynastic ‘linen lists’ show that the dress appears in large numbers amongst the textile offerings. New interpretations of the transliteration and writing of the ‘dress’ sign are offered.
Heracles and the Hone: About a Foundation Deposit from the Temple of Thonis-Heracleion
Authors: Von Bomhard Anne-Sophie
Published: December 2017

A group of items found in a corner of the temple of Amon-Gereb at Thonis-Heracleion includes an earthenware statuette of Harpokrates with his wooden naos, surrounded by amulets. It constitutes an original collection of objects of particularly refined manufacture. The way in which this probable foundation deposit is composed could be related to the dynastic function of the temple.
The ‘Horhotep Letters’ from the Sacred Animal Necropolis at North Saqqara
Authors: Smith H. S. , Martin Cary J. , Davies Sue , Martin Geoffrey T.
Published: December 2017

The publication of four Demotic letters found during the Egypt Exploration Society's excavations at the site of the Sacred Animal Necropolis at North Saqqara between 1971–3.
Remembering Snofru: Zu einer Trouvaille aus dem Leipziger Ägyptischen Museum–Georg Steindorff. Gedanken zur Funktion und Wiederverwendung von Steingefäßen mit dem Namen Snofrus im Alten Reich
Authors: Kuhn Robert
Published: December 2017

During their excavation work at the Fifth Dynasty mortuary temple of Raneferef the Czech mission found some inscribed stone vessel fragments that refer to the former king Seneferu but not to Raneferef himself. While working on the Abusir material in the Egyptian Museum in Leipzig, one stone vessel fragment made of diorite gneiss could be identified as also being inscribed with the name of Seneferu. It is assumed that this one belongs to one of the Old Kingdom funerary complexes—perhaps even that of Raneferef. It is interesting to note the existence of inscribed stone vessels and sherds naming already deceased kings—a phenomenon which we know already from the time of the so-called formative phase in Egypt. This article presents the ‘rediscovered’ object from Leipzig and discusses the problem of ‘cultural re-use’ of such material.
Three Unusual Stelae from Abydos*
Authors: Hallmann Aleksandra
Published: December 2017

The three stelae, kept today in different museums (the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge (E.SS.40); the British Museum, London (EA 638); and the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (31275)), form a very peculiar and somewhat bizarre group of objects. Indeed, the Field Museum stela was initially even considered a forgery. However, this seems not to be the case: the three stelae share many similarities in terms of style, iconography, epigraphy, as well as size and appearance. These similarities suggest that they were made at approximately the same time and in the same workshop. Their individual, unique style points to Abydos as the place of their origin.
Das glühende Horn des Stieres: eine mögliche Parallele für oGardiner 304 rt., 7–vs., 3?
Authors: Bojowald Stefan
Published: December 2017

In this article, oGardiner 304 recto, 7–verso, 3 is subjected to a renewed analysis. The text is a prayer directed to Amun by a socially disadvantaged person. The god, introduced in the shape of a bull, is asked for assistance against human adversaries. The article aims to construct a parallel, focussing an the words k3, ‘bull’, b, ‘horn’ and nśnś, ‘burn’. The closest parallel can be found in a hymn of a sufferer from illness (CG 42237), who compares the situation of his illness to the threats of foreign enemies. In this case, too, it is hoped that assistance to surpass the crisis will be provided by Amon. The words b, ‘horn’ and šmm, ‘glow’ can be stated as links.
Sexual Object or Sexual Subject? Media Use, Self-Sexualization, and Sexual Agency Among Undergraduate Women
Authors: Ward L. Monique , Seabrook Rita C. , Grower Petal , Giaccardi Soraya , Lippman Julia R.
Published: December 2017

Objectification theorists argue that repeated exposure to sexually objectifying media content leads to higher levels of self-objectification. Although consequences of self-objectification for women’s sexual health and sexual agency have been proposed, efforts to test these connections have been infrequent and have yielded inconsistent results. We used structural equation modeling to test connections between exposure to three media genres (women’s magazines, lifestyle reality TV, and situation comedies), self-sexualization, and four dimensions of sexual agency among 754 heterosexual and bisexual undergraduate women aged 16–23 ( M = 18.5). Our assessments of sexual agency focused on sexual assertiveness, condom use self-efficacy, sexual affect, and alcohol use to feel sexual. Findings confirmed our expectations. More frequent consumption of women’s magazines, lifestyle reality TV programs, and situation comedies each predicted greater self-sexualization, which in turn predicted greater use of alcohol to feel sexual, less condom use self-efficacy, and more negative sexual affect. We discuss implications for women’s sexual well-being and for research on media sexualization. We also offer suggestions for practitioners, parents, and educators to disrupt the associations among media use, self-sexualization, and diminished sexual agency. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/page/pwq/suppl/index
Influence of patterned titanium coatings on polarization of macrophage and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells
Authors: Zhang Zequan , Xie Youtao , Pan Houhua , Huang Liping , Zheng Xuebin
Published: December 2017

Biomaterial surface topography plays a vital role in the osteointegration of implants by regulating the early cell responses and tissue growth-in. However, most of the previous researches focused on the effects of osteogenic cells, only a little is known about the immune cells which dominate osteogenesis after implanting. In this paper, patterned titanium coatings were fabricated and the effects of surface topography on the macrophage behaviors were investigated. On patterned titanium surface, macrophages preferred to polarize to M2, while macrophages on traditional titanium coatings presented higher M1 polarization. Nearly 70% higher expression of anti-inflammatory genes, including interleukin-4, interleukin-10, interleukin-1ra, and arginase, were detected on the patterned titanium coatings. While the pro-inflammatory genes, such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were notably depressed. Up-regulation of the osteoinductive cytokines were also detected on the patterned coatings, which indicated advantageous osteogenic microenvironment provided by macrophages. Immunomodulation effect on osteogenesis was also investigated in this study. Stimulated with RAW cells/patterned coatings conditioned medium, bone marrow stem cells presented nearly 1.5 fold higher expression of osteogenic genes and more mineralization nodules than the traditional sprayed Ti coatings. All these results suggested that modulating materials with a patterned surface might be a valuable strategy to endow the implants with favorable osteoimmunomodulatory properties.
Fabrication and characterization of a novel collagen-catechol hydrogel
Authors: Duan Lian , Yuan Qijuan , Xiang Hongzhao , Yang Xiao , Liu Lindong , Li Jiao
Published: December 2017

3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, a derivative of catechol and an agent with an extensive pharmacological and biological activities, was used to modify collagen and prepared hydrogels. The aldehyde group of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde interacted with the ɛ-amino group of collagen, and then the catechol group of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde was oxidized and self-polymerized. The chemical network formed due to the cross-linking bridges of polymerized catechol groups among collagen molecules, resulting in the transformation from solution to hydrogel. The results of the Fourier-transform infrared measurement indicated that the triple helix structure of collagen was integrated after cross-linking. The appearance of hydrogels changed from golden to dark brown with the increasing 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde dose. When the weight ratio of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and collagen increased from 0 to 2:1, the thermal denaturation temperature of collagen increased from 40.2 to 77.6℃ while the elastic modulus of collagen increased from 13.6 to 1061.4 Pa. The addition of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde also caused more compact morphologies and a dramatic enhancement in the enzymatic resistance of hydrogels. Moreover, the results of cell proliferation assay demonstrated the favorable biocompatibility of collagen hydrogels with 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. These promising data indicate that the novel hydrogels had significant potential for applications.
Performance of a flow control valve with pilot switching valve
Authors: Xiong Xiaoyan , Huang Jiahai
Published: December 2017

In digital fluid power, fast switching valve is a potential digital hydraulic component because of less throttling loss, reliability, low price, and so on. But its outlet flow is usually small and discontinuous. In this article, a two-stage proportional flow control valve is presented, in which the main stage is a flow amplifying valve, and the pilot stage consists of several switching valves with pulse width modulation control strategy. Peak and hold technique is adopted to improve the dynamic performance of the pilot stage. Benefits of the proposed configuration are continuous outlet flow and large flow capacity. The valve performance is investigated by theoretical analysis, simulation, and test. It is shown that both poppet displacement and outlet flow fluctuate around a stable value because of the discontinuous pilot flow, but the average outlet flow as well as poppet displacement of the main stage can be approximately proportionally regulated by changing pulse width modulation duty ratio. Average outlet flow of the main stage is an amplification of that of pilot stage. Increasing the average pressure drop not only increases outlet flow but also increases the severity of flow pulsations because pressure fluctuation becomes more serious as the average pressure difference increases. In theory, higher carrier frequency leads to smoother outflow; however, tested outflow profile of the proposed valve at 50 Hz is not significantly smoother than that at 30 Hz. This phenomenon may be due to the asynchrony of the four switching valves and the pressure fluctuations during the testing process.
Systemic lupus erythematosus arthropathy: the sonographic perspective
Authors: Di Matteo A , De Angelis R , Cipolletta E , Filippucci E , Grassi W
Published: December 2017

Background

Despite being promising, the use of ultrasound (US) in the assessment of musculoskeletal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still limited. Literature on this topic is scarce and the spectrum and clinical relevance of US abnormalities has not yet been outlined. With this paper, we aim to explore the panel of joint and tendon US findings in a group of SLE patients.

Methods

Twenty-five consecutive SLE patients, with current or medical history of musculoskeletal symptoms, were studied. All patients underwent routine clinical examination and US evaluation. The US examination targeted sites clinically involved in the physical examination and/or indicated as painful in the patient’s medical history.

Results

One or more US changes were found in all the patients. US abnormalities were detected in 85 out of the 243 scanned joints (35%), in 70 out of the 215 scanned tendons (32.6%) and in 10 out of the 41 scanned entheses (24.4%). Synovial effusion, synovial hypertrophy, “mixed” synovitis (coexistence of synovial effusion and synovial hypertrophy), joint dislocation, bone erosion, and cartilage damage were found in 9.5%, 11.5%, 14%, 3.7%, 2.1%, and 4.5% of the scanned joints, respectively. Tenosynovitis, tendon dislocation, tendon tear, tendon thinning, and tendinitis/peritendinitis were detected in 17.7%, 8.4%, 0.9%, 4.2%, and 4.7% of the scanned tendons, respectively. Power Doppler signal, hypoechogenicity, thickening, enthesophytes, calcifications, and bone erosions were detected at the entheseal level in 12.2%, 9.8%, 12.2%, 7.3%, 7.3%, and in 0% of the scanned entheses, respectively.

Conclusions

This study revealed an unexpectedly wide heterogeneity of US pathologic findings in the joints and tendons of patients with SLE. A broad spectrum of US changes also involving anatomic structures not considered in previous investigations, including entheses and tendons with no synovial sheath, was detected. These preliminary results suggest that US is able to identify several US “patterns” whose clinical, prognostic, and pathogenetic significance is still to be defined.
Language Co-Construction and Collaboration in Interpreter-Mediated Primary Care Encounters With Hispanic Adults
Authors: Estrada Robin Dawson , Messias DeAnne K. Hilfinger
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Language asymmetry between patients and providers may influence the context, content, and quality of health care communication, affecting patient outcomes and contributing to health disparities. This research examined interpreter-mediated, primary care encounters between English-speaking nurse practitioners and Spanish-speaking adult patients. Method: Situational analysis guided the collection, analysis, and interpretation of audio-recorded clinical encounter data. Results: Interpreter-mediated communication was situated within intersecting social, economic, political, and health systems contexts. Three modes of collaborative knowledge generations were Constructing Connections, Constructing Mutual Understanding, and Constructing Effective Systems Navigation Strategies. Discussion: These findings illustrate how interactants contributed individual and collective knowledge across multiple systems to address patient concerns. Conclusion: The analysis revealed ways in which communication processes may influence both providers’ diagnostic and interventional decision-making and patients’ understanding and potential compliance. Ongoing preparation and support for intraprofessional collaboration is needed to ensure effective communication and mitigate untoward effects of language asymmetries in clinical encounters.
Parenting Stress and Maternal–Child Interactions Among Preschool Mothers From the Philippines, Korea, and Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional, Comparative Study
Authors: Eo Yong-Sook , Kim Ji-Soo
Published: December 2017

Background: To promote child development, parenting stress, and maternal–child interactions among mothers of various nationalities must be understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate maternal–child interactions according to the mother’s nationality among married immigrant mothers from the Philippines, Vietnam, and Korea. Method: This study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional design. Inclusion criteria were mothers who had children of preschool age. Results: A total of 348 mothers were interviewed: 142 Korean mothers, 84 immigrant mothers from the Philippines, and 122 immigrant mothers from Vietnam. Parenting stress ( p < .001) and maternal–child interactions ( p = .023) differed according to the mother’s nationality. Conclusions: By delineating the nurturing characteristics of each country, the results of this study can help immigrant mothers develop maternal–child relationships that aid culturally congruent adjustment to their new culture. Implications for practice: The characteristics of maternal–child interactions according to the mother’s nationality may inform parent education in multicultural societies.
Mental Models of Cause and Inheritance for Type 2 Diabetes Among Unaffected Individuals Who Have a Positive Family History
Authors: Daack-Hirsch Sandra , Shah Lisa L. , Cady Alyssa D.
Published: December 2017

Using the familial risk perception (FRP) model as a framework, we elicited causal and inheritance explanations for type 2 diabetes (T2D) from people who do not have T2D but have a family history for it. We identified four composite mental models for cause of T2D: (a) purely genetic; (b) purely behavioral/environmental; (c) direct multifactorial, in which risk factors interact and over time directly lead to T2D; and (d) indirect multifactorial, in which risk factors interact and over time cause a precursor health condition (such as obesity or metabolic syndrome) that leads to T2D. Interestingly, participants described specific risk factors such as genetics, food habits, lifestyle, weight, and culture as “running in the family.” Our findings provide insight into lay beliefs about T2D that can be used by clinicians to anticipate or make sense of responses to questions they pose to patients about mental models for T2D.
Mapping Use, Storytelling, and Experience Design
Authors: Bacha Jeffrey A.
Published: December 2017

Framed around three different antenarratives about system development, this article builds on established user-centered theories to present a mixed-method approach to user experience (UX) design. By combining network theory, storytelling, and process mapping, this article provides a practical method of including users’ experiences during the predevelopment stages of building workplace-specific digital technologies. Specifically, this article argues for the collection of user-generated antenarratives as the first step in UX product development and demonstrates how to use those experience-based stories.
Novel NLRC4 Mutation Causes a Syndrome of Perinatal Autoinflammation With Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Hepatosplenomegaly, Fetal Thrombotic Vasculopathy, and Congenital Anemia and Ascites
Authors: Liang Jiancong , Alfano Danielle N , Squires James E , Riley Melissa M , Parks W Tony , Kofler Julia , El-Gharbawy Areeg , Madan-Kheterpal Suneeta , Acquaro Roxanne , Picarsic Jennifer
Published: December 2017

Autoinflammatory diseases are caused by pathologic activation of the innate immune system. Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an aggressive syndrome of excessive immune activation caused by monogenic mutations resulting in cytotoxic cell defects and subsequent failure to eliminate activated macrophages. Secondary HLH is often diagnosed in cases without a known Mendelian inheritance. However, some cases of “secondary” HLH have been shown to harbor mutations with partial dysfunction of the cytotoxic system. Recently, macrophage intrinsic abnormalities caused by NLRC4 inflammasome mutations have been linked to autoinflammation and recurrent macrophage activation syndromes resembling a primary HLH. We report a case of a former 28-week preterm infant with congenital anemia, ascites, and a heavy edematous placenta with fetal thrombotic vasculopathy, who developed hepatosplenomegaly and unexplained systemic inflammation with laboratory features of HLH in the early postnatal course and died at 2 months of age. Postmortem examination confirmed the hepatosplenomegaly with marked sinusoidal hemophagocytosis, along with striking hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow and lymph nodes. There was extensive acute and chronic ischemic bowel disease with matted bowel loops, fibrous adhesions, and patchy necrotizing enterocolitis features. Whole exome sequencing analysis demonstrated a novel mosaic heterozygous NLRC4 512 C> T (p.Ser171Phe) de novo mutation predicated to cause a dominant, gain-of-function mutation resulting in a constitutively active protein. The assembly of NLRC4-containing inflammasomes via an induced self-propagation mechanism likely enables a perpetuating process of systemic macrophage activation, presumed to be initiated in utero in this patient.
Strong Expression and Amplification of IGF1R in Pleuropulmonary Blastomas
Authors: Vokuhl Christian , de Leon-Escapini Laura , Leuschner Ivo
Published: December 2017

Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare malignant intrathoracic tumor primarily affecting children under 5 years of age. PPBs are histologically divided into 3 subtypes: Type 1 PPBs are composed of multiple cysts, and type 3 is a solid lesion with a variable morphologic appearance. Type 2 has a mixed morphology consisting of cystic and solid areas. The genetics of PPB are poorly understood. We analyzed 16 cases of the Kiel Paediatric Tumor Registry with the diagnosis of PPB by comparative genomic hybridization and confirmed some genetic changes by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Furthermore, we performed immunohistochemistry to evaluate insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF1R) protein expression. Frequent findings by comparative genomic hybridization were losses on 4q, 5q, 9p and gains on chromosome 8, 17, and 20q. Genomic amplification was observed in 5 cases, 4 related to 15q25qter and 1 to 1p. Fluorescence in situ hybridization could confirm 7 gains of chromosome 8 (7/16, 44%) and 4 amplifications of the IGF1R-gene on 15q26 (4/16, 25%). All of the tumors with IGF1R amplification were type 3 PPBs. One of the PPBs with gain of chromosome 8 was a type 2 tumor and 6 tumors were type 3 PPBs. All but one PPB showed an IGF1R expression by immunohistochemistry. In our series of 16 PPBs, 25% of the tumors have an amplification of the IGF1R gene and 44% show a gain of chromosome 8. All of the tumors with IGF1R amplification were PPBs type 3, indicating that it is a later event in tumor progression, while the gain of chromosome 8 was found in both type 2 and type 3 tumors indicating that these changes are probably earlier events in tumor development. Furthermore, the strong IGF1R protein expression could be a possible therapeutic target in refractory chemoresistant PPBs.
Witnessing the experience of European bordering: Watching the documentary Under den samme himmel in an immigration detention centre
Authors: Horsti Karina
Published: December 2017

This article draws on theories of bordering and mediated witnessing to examine a documentary film that mediates migrants’ experiences of bordering in Europe. My analysis of Under den samme himmel/Days of Hope shows how the film captures the multiplicity of bordering practices, from geographical to socio-cultural borderings. The analysis is informed by watching and discussing the film in an immigrant detention facility in Finland with people who experienced and eye-witnessed experiences similar to those depicted in the film. This creates a sense of co-presence of the experiential landscapes in the border zones, and the film invites viewers to consider borders not as lines in the landscape, but as zones and as a form of practice that has consequences.
Response to Letter to the Editor entitled ‘Correct microarray analysis approaches in “Hsa-circRNA11783-2 in peripheral blood is correlated with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus”’
Authors: Zhao Zhenzhou , Li Xuejie , Li Muwei
Published: December 2017

In the paper entailed ‘Hsa-circRNA11783-2 in peripheral blood is correlated with coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus’, we illustrated the correlation of circRNA with T2DM and CAD. We used the common method - Q-PCR to select differentially expressed circular RNA (differentially expressedgenes(DEGs)), with a criteria of fold change>2 and unadjusted p values < 0.05 in expression. When the candidate RNAs have been narrowed down by GO and Pathway analysis, Q-PCR is a good verification method, although the idea that using Q-PCR to verify all the DEGs is still unrealistic. There is no denying that using an optimal statistical approach makes the survey much easier.
History Off-Hand: Bunnell’s No-Man’s Land
Authors: Hage J. Joris
Published: December 2017

Background: To date, it remains unclear what inspired Dr Sterling Bunnell to start using the typical World War I military term no-man’s land in hand surgical context, only in 1948. To commemorate that Bunnell passed away 60 years ago on August 20, I report on my quest to clarify this. Methods: An extensive bibliography of Bunnell was made up by use of the McDowell Series of Plastic Surgery Indexes and cross-checked by use of a PubMed search. Bunnell’s round-robin letters were searched for in the Sterling Bunnell Hand Surgery Archives of the California Pacific Medical Center Health Services Library in San Francisco, California. In addition, some of the second-generation hand surgeons were personally approached to try and trace the round-robin letters. Finally, the publications of the chiefs of the 9 hand surgical centers and 6 coworkers of Bunnell were checked for referrals to the term no-man’s land. Results: Prior to 1948, no-man’s land was not used in print in hand surgical context. Bunnell’s nearness to the trenches during World War I appears not to have inspired him immediately to start using the term. The reconnaissance tunnels dug through the soil of the no man’s land between the Allied and German trenches likely inspired him to replace a cut tendon through incisions proximal and distal to no-man’s land. Conclusions: Bunnell must have associated his tendon grafting techniques to that of the World War I trenches and tunnels at some time between 1947 and 1948.