bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Well-being and Capability Approaches to Social Injustice in Internationalization of Higher Education: Evidence from Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huu Thanh Minh , Thieu Hoang My
Published: August 2023

This mixed-method study investigated social injustice in higher education produced from the internationalized high-quality program (HQP) characterized by adapting the curriculum from prestigious universities abroad and employing English as the medium of instruction in Vietnam, based on White’s (2010) well-being approach as well as Sen’s (2001) capability approach. Using the questionnaire administered to 120 students and 30 lecturers and semi-structured interviews conducted with eight students in a university in Vietnam, the findings suggested that from subjective dimensions of well-being, the superior features of the HQP and pre-sessional English language training were perceived values of endowments that HQP students and their parents situated themselves in. That established a solid linkage to material dimensions reflected in the possibility of securing the economy after program completion. From the capability approach perspective, although such a disparity in endowments was unjustifiable due to problematic program delivery, there were no different entitlements that might have led to social injustice, providing that students of any program could fulfil their education. The issue of financial affordability relating to the HQP implementation has raised concern about unequal access to educational opportunities for all.
Customer Relationship Management to Maximize Return on Marketing Investment : A Case Study in Pangripta Consulting
Authors: Nurrofiah Nisa , Barkah Cecep Safaatul , Herawati Tetty , Auliana Lina
Published: August 2023

Economic conditions and a stabilizing business world present an opportunity for Pangripta Consulting, as many businesses need consulting services to help them adapt and face new challenges and competition. This study aims to identify strategies that companies can implement to optimize the return on their marketing investments. The study used a qualitative approach using primary data from interviews with Pangripta Consulting and secondary data from the company's historical data. The proposed strategy is based on the company's internal and external analysis using SWOT analysis. The results of this research are presented in the form of marketing strategies suggested through the implementation of customer relationship management programs.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen di Perusahaan Jasa Sewa Angkutan PT Tabing Jaya di Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Ria Bayu Sedih Nanda , Marwansyah Marwansyah
Published: August 2023

Struktur ekonomi di Indonesia selama lebih dari tiga puluh tahun telah mengalami beberapa perubahan yang cukup berarti. Perubahan ini antara lain ditandai dengan perubahan yang berarti dari penekanan perekonomian dari sektor manufaktur berkembang ke arah sektor jasa. Sektor jasa adalah sektor bidang jasa yang meliputi jasa perdagangan, jasa perbankan, jasa keuangan non bank, jasa pemerintahan dan jasa swasta lainnya.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengukur pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada perusahaan jasa sewa angkutan di kota Pekanbaru.Tempat penelitian adalah lokasi dimana penelitian tersebut dilaksanakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada PT Tabing Jaya yang berlokasi di Pekanbaru, dengan waktu penelitian dari bulan September 2020 sampai dengan bulan Mei 2021.Metode penelitian dengan mempergunakan variabel penelitian Bukti fisik, Empati, Daya Tanggap, Kehandalan, Jaminan, Kepuasan Pelanggan.
La Lecture De La Sequence Narrative Dans L’enfant Sans Nom De Florence Trystram
Authors: TSHIFUMBE MUTAU Martin Luther
Published: August 2023

But : Cet article se veut une démonstration à l’humanité tout entière des hommes dont la capacité de nuisance est indicible. Pourquoi ces hommes en viennent-ils à s’entre-nuire au point de rendre la terre irrespirable ? Le rêve commun est pourtant celui de restaurer le paradis terrestre où l’homme serait logiquement humanisé.

Méthode : Nous nous sommes proposé de recourir à l’analyse structurale qui permet de rendre compte de son unité interne et de la relation entre l’ensemble et les parties. On aboutit ainsi à la notion d’actant dépouillé de ses qualifications humaines, et à la définition des fonctions comme éléments invariants, constitutifs de la structure narrative.

Résultat : Cette œuvre romanesque est tissée en deux grandes parties : la situation du pays avant la famine aigüe et celle du pays qui voit naitre L’Enfant Sans Nom victime dudit fléau naturel qu’est la boulimie contre laquelle ce brave enfant sera contraint de mener une guerre sans merci. Donc l’existence de tout homme responsable est une lutte incessante pour sa dignité humaine et la sauvegarde de sa valeur sociale.

Contribution à la vie sociale et politique : Nous retenons que tout acte posé au sein de la communauté humaine équivaut à un investissement qui lui reviendrait, à coup sûr, avec des intérêts. Il en va de même du pouvoir qui ne se donne généralement pas, mais s’arrache. Tel alors est l’idéal poursuivi par le héros de cet univers romanesque.
Hizmet Kalite Algısı ile Tavsiye Davranışı Arasındaki İlişki: Restoran Müşterileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Mehmet , ÖDEMİŞ Elif
Published: August 2023

Globalleşmenin etkisindeki insanoğlunun istek ve ihtiyaçlarındaki değişimler hizmet sektörünü büyük oranda etkilemektedir. Farklı fikir ve kültür kaynaklı değişiklikler müşterilerin hizmet kalitesine yönelik taleplerini arttırmıştır. Bu sebeple işletmelerin rekabet üstünlüğü sağlayabilecek ve müşteri isteklerini karşılayabilecek donanıma sahip olmaları ve bu amaca yönelik stratejiler uygulamaları gerekliliğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu nedenle çalışmanın amacı, Giresun’da faaliyet gösteren restoranlardaki hizmet kalite algısı ile tavsiye davranışı arasındaki ilişkinin restoran müşterileri üzerinden incelenmesidir. Çalışma nicel bir araştırma olup çalışma verileri, Giresun’da faaliyet gösteren turizm işletme belgeli veya belediye işletme belgeli restoranların 18 yaşını doldurmuş müşterilerinden hizmet alımı sürecinde yüz yüze anket uygulanarak 507 kişiden toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere T testi, ANOVA testi ile regresyon analizi testleri uygulanmış ve sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma analiz sonuçlarına göre, Restoran müşterilerinin hizmet kalite algı düzeyleri ve tavsiye davranış düzeylerinin pozitif yönde olduğu ve hizmet kalite algısının tavsiye davranışını pozitif yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Yine veri sonuçlarında restoran müşterilerinin hizmet kalite algı düzeylerinin demografik özelliklerine göre farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Hizmet kalite boyutlarından empatinin tavsiye davranışını en çok etkileyen boyut olduğu, yine aynı şekilde güvenilirlik ile heveslilik boyutunun tavsiye davranışı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Innovations in Refrigeration Compressor Technology: A Review of Recent Developments
Authors: Ireneo C. Plando, Jr.
Published: August 2023

This paper provides a panoptic overview of recent innovations in refrigeration compressor technology. The dynamic landscape of this field has witnessed transformative advancements driven by escalating demands for energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, and practical feasibility. Through an analysis of participant ratings, key innovations such as Variable Speed Compressors (VSC) and Intelligent Control Systems (ICS) have emerged as frontrunners, optimizing energy consumption and integrating data-driven decision-making. Furthermore, innovations like Oil-Free Compressors (OFC) and Alternative Refrigerants (AR) showcase notable contributions to reducing environmental impact. While challenges in practical implementation persist, these developments offer a promising trajectory for a greener and more advanced future, empowering industries to align with regulations and meet evolving global needs. This study underscores the significance of these innovations for researchers, engineers, policymakers, and stakeholders, serving as a compass to guide the refrigeration industry towards enhanced efficiency and sustainability
Technology-Related Interventions to Improve Performance in Activities of Daily Living for Adults With Stroke (2012–2019)
Authors: Goldberg Carly , Winterbottom Lauren , Geller Daniel , Nilsen Dawn M. , Mahoney Danielle , Gillen Glen
Published: August 2023

Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Program. Each Systematic Review Brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This Systematic Review Brief presents findings for technology-related interventions to improve performance in activities of daily living for adults with stroke, such as virtual reality/gaming, biofeedback, robotics, electrical stimulation, and telerehabilitation.
Interventions to Support Participation in Sleep for Autistic Children and Adolescents (2013–2021)
Authors: Tomchek Scott D. , Baker Alissa , Little Lauren M. , Wallisch Anna , Dean Evan
Published: August 2023

Systematic Review Briefs provide a summary of the findings from systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s Evidence-Based Practice Program. Each systematic review brief summarizes the evidence on a theme related to a systematic review topic. This systematic review brief presents findings from the systematic review on interventions to support participation in sleep for autistic1 children and adolescents (birth to 18 yr).
Physical activity levels in Physiotherapists
Authors: Figueiredo Maria João , Capacete Rosado Maria da Lapa , Ribeiro da Silva Cláudia
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Low physical activity (PA) levels are a public health problem. Despite the evidence of the health benefits of PA, studies show that the Portuguese population is not active enough to benefit their health. Health professionals, including Physiotherapists, have an important role to play in promoting PA to their patients. If Portuguese Physiotherapists are to be called upon to act as PA specialists, it must first be determined whether they lead by example. Objectives: To evaluate the PA levels of Portuguese Physiotherapists according to the most recent WHO recommendations. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was delivered and applied over a period of 6 months, containing a characterization form of sociodemographic data and by the IPAQ-SF. A sample composed of 553 Physiotherapists was obtained. Results: The IPAQ-SF results revealed a high level of PA (56.8%), a moderate level of PA (31.5%), and a low level of PA (11.8%). Regarding the analysis of the PA METS, we were able to observe that the vigorous PA had a higher average of 2413.15 (SD=4201.411) METs/min, followed by the moderate PA with an average of 1857.91 (SD=2930 .073) METs/min and, finally, the walking with an average of 1635.54 (SD=2841.805) METs/min. Conclusions: It was verified that the Portuguese Physiotherapists’ PA levels are high and that 88.3% of the sample complies with the WHO recommendations for PA. Portuguese Physiotherapists may be in a leadership position by the example they settle in promoting regular PA to their patients.
Caffeine Consumption among Indonesian Population
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Jannah Sharifah Rauzatul , Marthoenis Marthoenis
Published: August 2023

Background: Caffeine is the most commonly used central nervous system stimulant in all age groups. High daily caffeine consumption can affect health. Most caffeine users are unaware of the amount of daily caffeine consumption or the effect of caffeine on the physical and psychological health of its users. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of caffeine addiction in Indonesian society. Materials and Methods: This study used a Cross-Sectional Study design using an online questionnaire of 345 Indonesians. Data were collected using caffeine consumption questionnaires. The data is analyzed descriptively. Results: More than half of the study’s respondents were female (53%), had a higher level of higher education (71%), and were employed (71%). The average total caffeine consumption in the community is 234 ±191 mg daily. Conclusion: Caffeine use in adults is quite high compared to that reported in other countries. The public should be better informed regarding the possible side effects that arise from the use of caffeine
Father’s perception of his role towards breastfeeding in the region of Ñuble, Chile, 2021
Authors:   Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chillán., Javiera Aguilera-Díaz Javiera Aguilera-Díaz , sabella Castillo-Oyarzo Isabella Castillo-Oyarzo , Caroline García-Yáñez Caroline García-Yáñez , Krishna Garrido-Muñoz Krishna Garrido-Muñoz , Ramon C. Gelabert Ramon C. Gelabert , Bárbara Cerda Aedo Bárbara Cerda Aedo
Published: August 2023

Objective: To describe the perception of the father regarding the paternal role in exclusive breastfeeding in the region of Ñuble, Chile, during the year 2021 and 2022. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological design of a non-probabilistic type. 7 parents were selected and a semi-structured interview of 20-35 minutes was conducted with each participant through the Zoom platform. In the analysis, the recordings of the interviews were used for subsequent transcription and coding. Results: 5 relevant classifications were obtained for the interpretation of the answers submitted by the participants. While all parents lived and live the breastfeeding process differently, everyone knows and recognizes the importance of their role in breastfeeding, and they also agree that this milestone generates different feelings and emotions. Conclusion: It is important that male fathers receive extensive information about breastfeeding and what it entails,so that they can be a concrete help during the breastfeeding period.
Simulation of apical support when assessing anterior and posterior compartment prolapse
Authors:   Hospital Universitario de Caracas Universidad Central de Venezuela, Figueira Rodriguez Lina María , Cordero José , Torres María , Torres Gledys , Lemmo Andrés , Visconti Jennifer
Published: August 2023

Objective: To evaluate whether simulated correction of apical prolapse determines the reduction or disappearance of anterior and posterior vaginal prolapse, using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POPQ) system. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The population consisted of patients who attended to the Hospital Universitario de Caracas with pelvic organ prolapse stage II or greater and who had involvement of the apical compartment between 2021 and 2022. The selection of the sample was made in a non-probabilistic, sequential way. Each patient underwent POPQ before and after simulation of apical support with the posterior blade of a standard Graves speculum. The Aa Ba Ap and Bp points were evaluated before and after simulation and the proportion of patients in whom the stage of anterior or posterior prolapse changed when simulating apical support was also determined. Results: We included 100 patients, most of them with prolapse stage III and IV. After apical support, the anterior compartment points were corrected to a value between 0 to -2 or -3 in most cases (p< 0.05). The points corresponding to the posterior vaginal wall changed to -3 in most patients (p< 0.05). The prolapse stage of the anterior compartment, changed to stage ≤ II in 99 % of cases (p< 0.05), and in 100% in the posterior compartment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Simulation of apical support during POPQ demonstrated correction of anterior and posterior compartment prolapse in a high percentage of patients.
Discordant congenital varicella syndrome in twin pregnancy: a case report.
Authors:   Hospital Ciudad de Coria-Cáceres. España., Blanca Guerrero Chacón Blanca Guerrero Chacón , Ana María Moreno García Ana María Moreno García , Mónica Vera Torres Mónica Vera Torres
Published: August 2023

Varicella-zoster virus is a potentially teratogenic agent that can cross the placenta and cause the syndrome of congenital chickenpox, which is characterized by multisystem abnormalities. Fetal involvement has an incidence of less than 2%. The case of a dichorionic-diamniotic twin gestation of 7 weeks, whose mother consulted for symptomatic chickenpox is presented. Several tests were performed that confirmed the diagnosis and acyclovir was prescribed. The evolution of pregnancy was normal until the third trimester, with ultrasound that made us suspect the Varicella involvement of one of the fetuses. The pregnancy came to term and ended by caesarean section, with the affected fetus postnatally diagnosed with congenital chickenpox syndrome. There is no reported case in the current literature of discordant congenital varicella syndrome in twin pregnancy, so it seems a relevant case for study and knowledge of this pathology.
HUBUNGAN SELF CARE DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN GAGAL JANTUNG
Authors: Sinurat Samfriati , Barus Mardiati , Siregar Bunga Angelia
Published: August 2023

Heart failure is a cardiovascular disease that continues to increase in incidence and prevalence and the number one cause of death worldwide. Heart failure patients experience a decrease in the ability of the heart muscle to pump blood and meet the oxygen needs of the body. This results in a low quality of life for heart failure patients, so self care is needed to improve the quality of life for heart failure patients. Self care is an activity to maintain health and well-being. This study aims to identify the relationship between self-care and the quality of life of patients heart failure at RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan.This type of quantitative research with cross sectional method. The population of this research is heart failure patients who experience outpatient services at the RSUP Haji Adam Malikin Medan in 2021 and taking sample of 84 respondents using purposive sampling technique. Data collection using a questionnaire.The results showed that the majority of selfcare for heart failure patients at RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan in 2021 was good (76.2%) and the majority of the quality of life was high (88.1%). The results of the fisher exact statistical test obtained p-value of 0.001 indicating a significant relationship between Self Care and Quality of Life for Heart Failure Patients at RSUP Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2021. It’s hoped that respondents will further improve selfcare and quality of life in themselves so that they can enjoy life together with family and people around
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSEPSI MASALAH KESEHATAN KERJA DENGAN PERILAKU PENGGUNAAN APD DI PUSKESMAS SIMALINGKAR B
Authors: Triana Heni , Suherni Suherni
Published: August 2023

Puskesmas as a health service unit must always improve the quality of service, this can be achieved by thinking about the aspects of occupational health and safety for health workers The formulation of the problem in this study is whether there is a relationship between knowledge and perceptions of occupational health problems with the behavior of using personal protective equipment at the Simalingkar B Health Center. This type of research is analytic observational with cross sectional design. The research is located at Puskesmas Simalingkar B. The research population is all nurses on duty at Puskesmas Simalingkar B, totaling 50 people. The sample size was determined by total sampling, namely all nurses on duty at the Simalingkar B Health Center as many as 50 people. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate with Chi Square. The results showed that the majority of knowledge about the use of APD at the Simalingkar B Health Center was poor as many as 17 people (34.0%) and those who had good knowledge but did not use APD were 5 people (10.0%) there is no relationship between knowledge and the use of APD. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between perceptions and the behavior of using APD at the Simalingkar Community Health Center B. It is recommended that health workers emphasize knowledge of personal protective equipment (APD) and the benefits of safe work behavior.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA STRES AKADEMIK DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PADA MAHASISWA YANG MENYUSUN SKRIPSI
Authors: Emi Mulyati Dewi Cahyani , Ridfah Ahmad , Akmal Nur
Published: August 2023

Final year students are individuals who are preparing a thesis to complete higher education at a university. This research aims to determine the relationship between academic stress and sleep quality in students writing their thesis at Makassar State University. This research uses quantitative methods. The number of samples used in this research were 300 students who composed their thesis taken by sampling technique, namely Aksidental Sampling. Data collection used a questionnaire and data analysis used the Spearman Rank statistical test. According to the results of univariate analysis of the academic stress variable, it is discovered that most of the respondents experienced moderate academic stress. Meanwhile, the results of univariate analysis of sleep quality variables revealed that most of the respondents had quality sleep when writing their thesis. Based on bivariate analysis with the Spearman Rank test, a correlation coefficient of 0.266 (p = 0.000) was gained so that there was a relationship between academic stress and sleep quality in students writing theses at Makassar State University.
DAMPAK PEMBERIAN KURMA SEGAR (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA) TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN IBU NIFAS
Authors: Irianti Berliana , Nur Israyati  , Nelly Karlinah
Published: August 2023

The maternal Death Rate is one marker to see the outcome of maternal well-being endeavors. Bleeding is a factor in maternal mortality. Anemia in pregnant women can result in bleeding during childbirth. Anemia during pregnancy and blood loss during childbirth influence iron deficiency anemia during the puerperium. The study's objective was to ascertain whether giving birth to mothers who had recently given birth increased their levels of hemoglobin (Hb). Pre-experimental research employs pretest and posttest designs for a single group. The review was conducted between June and July 2022. Purposive sampling was used to select 17 respondents for this study's sample. An observation sheet for the hemoglobin level was used in the research instrument. Analysis of data with and without bivariates According to the univariate results, up to 13 participants had generally low hemoglobin levels before the administration of date juice, i.e., 76.5%. A p-value of 0.002 was reported for bivariate results using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. This suggests that date juice for women after childbirth increases hemoglobin (Hb) levels. It is believed that in the future, after childbirth, women can eat dates to increase the level of hemoglobin (hemoglobin).
A Critical Review on Working Capital Management and Financial Distress in Chartered Public Universities in Kenya
Authors: Minyoso Jemimah Eboyi , Otuya Willies
Published: August 2023

Working capital management is a matter of concern in public universities in Kenya, with the main challenge being how to prudently manage assets in order to achieve financial self-sufficiency. Working capital management impacts the financial health of an organisation. Both public and private sector entities are prone to mismanagement of some kind, not only in Kenya but also regionally and globally. The PRISMA guidelines were adopted in the systematic review process, where 55 articles were narrowed down to the final 11 articles. From the reviewed papers, poor management of the components of working capital management was concluded to have caused financial distress. Other aspects, like funding and government policy, are other contributing factors. The reviewed literature on working capital management is the major one. The reviewed literature was anchored on several theories, which include financial distress theory, working capital management theory, free cash flow theory, cash conversion cycle theory, and Altman's Z score model. The study topics were tested using the initial inclusion criteria by analysing the key words used in the studies. The key words sought were working capital, working capital management, and financial distress. Most of the data used in the reviewed studies was secondary. The reviewed literature was for a period of ten years, ranging from 2013 to 2022, as published in journals and full papers. The data was organised by panel data technique, and financial ratios were computed using the three-statement model, which is basically an integrated financial statement model that comprises a balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement linked together. Content analysis has been used for the analysis. The results revealed that few studies have been conducted in public universities, while the majority were done in Kenya’s manufacturing sector. The studies reported mixed results on the relationship between financial distress and working capital management. The outcome becomes more confounded when more than two measures are used to conceptualise working capital management. Therefore, further studies ought to be conducted in public universities in Kenya by blending both secondary and primary data and also considering other research designs with the inclusion of a moderating variable such as government policies.
Review article: Scaling, dynamical regimes, and stratification. How long does weather last? How big is a cloud?
Authors: Lovejoy Shaun
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Until the 1980s, scaling notions were restricted to
self-similar homogeneous special cases. I review developments over the last
decades, especially in multifractals and generalized scale invariance (GSI). The former is necessary for characterizing and modelling strongly
intermittent scaling processes, while the GSI formalism extends scaling to strongly anisotropic (especially stratified) systems. Both of these
generalizations are necessary for atmospheric applications. The theory and
some of the now burgeoning empirical evidence in its favour are reviewed. Scaling can now be understood as a very general symmetry principle. It is
needed to clarify and quantify the notion of dynamical regimes. In addition
to the weather and climate, there is an intermediate “macroweather regime”, and at timescales beyond the climate regime (up to Milankovitch scales), there is a macroclimate and megaclimate regime. By objectively
distinguishing weather from macroweather, it answers the question “how long does weather last?”. Dealing with anisotropic scaling systems – notably
atmospheric stratification – requires new (non-Euclidean) definitions of
the notion of scale itself. These are needed to answer the question “how
big is a cloud?”. In anisotropic scaling systems, morphologies of structures change systematically with scale even though there is no characteristic
size. GSI shows that it is unwarranted to infer dynamical processes or
mechanisms from morphology. Two “sticking points” preventing more widespread acceptance of the scaling paradigm are also discussed. The first is an often implicit
phenomenological “scalebounded” thinking that postulates a priori the existence of
new mechanisms, processes every factor of 2 or so in scale. The second obstacle is the reluctance to abandon isotropic theories of turbulence and
accept that the atmosphere's scaling is anisotropic. Indeed, there currently appears to be no empirical evidence that the turbulence in any atmospheric
field is isotropic. Most atmospheric scientists rely on general circulation models, and these are scaling – they inherited the symmetry from the (scaling) primitive
equations upon which they are built. Therefore, the real consequence of
ignoring wide-range scaling is that it blinds us to alternative scaling approaches to macroweather and climate – especially to new models for long-range forecasts and to new scaling approaches to climate projections. Such
stochastic alternatives are increasingly needed, notably to reduce uncertainties in climate projections to the year 2100.
The Iceland–Faroe warm-water flow towards the Arctic estimated from satellite altimetry and in situ observations
Authors: Hansen Bogi , Larsen Karin M. H. , Hátún Hjálmar , Olsen Steffen M. , Gierisch Andrea M. U. , Østerhus Svein , Ólafsdóttir Sólveig R.
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The inflow of warm and saline Atlantic water to the
Arctic Mediterranean (Nordic Seas and Arctic Ocean) between Iceland and the
Faroes (IF inflow) is the strongest Atlantic inflow branch in terms of
volume transport and is associated with a large transport of heat towards the
Arctic. The IF inflow is monitored in a section east of the Iceland–Faroe
Ridge (IFR) by use of sea level anomaly (SLA) data from satellite altimetry,
a method that has been calibrated by in situ observations gathered over 2
decades. Monthly averaged surface velocity anomalies calculated from SLA
data were strongly correlated with anomalies measured by moored acoustic
Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) with consistently higher correlations when
using the reprocessed SLA data released in December 2021 rather than the
earlier version. In contrast to the earlier version, the reprocessed data
also had the correct conversion factor between sea level slope and surface
velocity required by geostrophy. Our results show that the IF inflow crosses
the IFR in two separate branches. The Icelandic branch is a jet over the
Icelandic slope with average surface speed exceeding 20 cm s−1, but it
is narrow and shallow with an average volume transport of less than 1 Sv
(106 m3 s−1). Most of the Atlantic water crosses the IFR
close to its southernmost end in the Faroese branch. Between these two
branches, water from the Icelandic branch turns back onto the ridge in a
retroflection with a recirculation over the northernmost bank on the IFR.
Combining multi-sensor in situ observations with satellite SLA data, monthly
mean volume transport of the IF inflow has been determined from January 1993
to December 2021. The IF inflow is part of the Atlantic Meridional
Overturning Circulation (AMOC), which is expected to weaken under continued
global warming. Our results show no weakening of the IF inflow. Annually
averaged volume transport of Atlantic water through the monitoring section
had a statistically significant (95 % confidence level) increasing trend
of (0.12±0.10) Sv per decade. Combined with increasing temperature,
this caused an increase of 13 % in the heat transport, relative to 0 ∘C, towards the Arctic of the IF inflow over the 29 years of
monitoring. The near-bottom layer over most of the IFR is dominated by cold
water of Arctic origin that may contribute to the overflow across the ridge.
Our observations confirm a dynamic link between the overflow and the
Atlantic water flow above. The results also provide support for a previously
posed hypothesis that this link may explain the difficulties in reproducing
observed transport variations in the IF inflow in numerical ocean models,
with consequences for its predictability under climate change.
Cinematic Appropriation and Redressing Pakistani Muslim Identity on a Global platform through Pakistani Film Rahm (2016)
Authors: Ehsen Zakia Resshid , Raza Amra
Published: August 2023

This study investigates how redressing Pakistani Muslims' global identity through cinematic appropriation. The representation of Pakistani Muslims in Ahmed Jamal's 2016 rendition of Measure for Measure(1603), Rahm, is examined. The movie subverts cultural assumptions of the west by highlighting Islamic-based history and native landmarks. In order to provide context for Shakespeare's play, the research looks into the historical-geographical relationship between Rahm's setting and early modern Mughal architecture. Along with a request for a deeper investigation of gender dynamics and their connections to Measure for Measure, Pakistani Muslim culture is also studied, with a focus on women's empowerment in particular. The study emphasises how cinematic appropriation fights against unfavourable worldwide perceptions of Pakistan's Muslim identity by drawing on Tajfel and Turner's "Social Identity Theory of Intergroup Behaviour" (1998). Rahm captures Islamic ideas of mercy, justice, gender respect, and multiculturalism via the usage of Persian and Urdu, transcending time and location, and portrays ancient buildings and women's attire in a Pakistani environment. This essay addresses media representations of Muslims through the use of cinematic appropriation, dispelling prejudices and misconceptions. Rahm provides a novel viewpoint on Pakistani Muslim identity, which contributes to a more complex and sympathetic vision of the world.
Study on Artificial Intelligence(AI) and Chat GPT, Corruption
Authors:   Korean Association For Corruption Studies, Kim Kyung Dong
Published: August 2023

This study discusses corruption and moral hazard arising from the use of artificial intelligence(AI) and Chat GPT and presents implications. In this study, 1. The daily use of AI and Chat GPT is 1) Lack of situational awareness and thinking, 2) Absence of appropriate ethical norms and social codes, 3) Problems with shifting consciousness, 4) Concentration of economic and technological utility, 5) Deepening dependence on AI. 2. Problems in the information processing process of AI and Chat GPT were 1) lack of transparency and autonomy of AI, 2) value judgment and bias of Chat GPT algorithm, 3) intervention and distortion of decision-making, 4) possibility of copyright infringement, and 5) safety of use and services. 3. Problems in the information distribution process of AI and Chat GPT are 1) limitations of the Chat GPT algorithm and information distortion, 2) information asymmetry and centralization, 3) inaccuracy and uncertainty of information, 4) misuse of information or data, 5) Information security and information leakage occurred. The implications of this study are as follows. First, education and promotion of AI and Chat GPT include 1) Composition of public and private cooperation governance, 2) Development of national campaigns, 3) Found and service of AI and Chat GPT, 4) establishment of ethical norms and manners for AI and Chat GPT, 5) Social coding of AI ethics and manners. Second, the institutional devices for AI and Chat GPT are 1) Setting the regulatory scope and level to secure transparency and autonomy, 2) Monitoring of bias in information by public and private sectors, 3) Management and supervision of the information collection process, 4) Establishment of an institutional device to prevent AI from intervening in decision-making and preventing distortion, 5) Establishment of standards and systems to ensure the safety of information processing. Third, normative device for AI and Chat GPT as follows. The contents are: 1) Discussion and search for normative standards, 2) Exploring ways to resolve the centralization of information, 3) securing the clarity and reliability of information, 4) designing information security and leakage prevention programs, 5) Monitoring to prevent misuse and abuse of information.data.
A Note on the Cypriote GIC 603 and GIC 38 Countermarks / Notatka na temat cypryjskich kontramarek GIC 603 i GIC 38
Authors: Bodzek Jarosław
Published: August 2023

Among other finds, the research carried out at the agora of Nea Paphos by archaeologists from the Jagiellonian University Institute of Archaeology produced two coins of the Julio-Claudian dynasty countermarked in the times of Trajan and Hadrian. Both are large, heavily worn bronzes, probably minted during the reign of Claudius. One has a rectangular countermark with the legend TRAIAN DACIC (GIC 603), while the other bears four countermarks, two each on the obverse and reverse. The obverse has a countermark depicting a circular shield (GIC 538) to the right, and an oval stamp to the left, representing the GIC 108 type with the head of Domitian. The reverse features a rectangular countermark with the legend TRAIAN DACIC (GIC 603), of the type known from the first coin, and an oval countermark with the bust of Hadrian and the inscription AVTO KAI ΑΔΡΙΑ (GIC 38). What makes these coins interesting is the sequence of countermarks. While the first coin only bears a countermark with Trajan’s name, the Trajanic countermark on the second coin was evidently struck later than that of Hadrian. This seems to support the view that at least some proportion of countermarks made with the TRAIAN DACIC stamp were applied after Hadrian’s portrait and name had already been struck on the coin.
Modified inderbitzen equipment for simulation of water erosion in undeformed soil samples
Authors: Thoma Andréa Cristina , Tassinari Diego , Prat Bernat Vinolas , Santos Lauana Lopes dos , Silva Bárbara Pereira Christofaro , Silva Alexandre Christofaro
Published: August 2023

Several devices have been developed to assess soil losses by water erosion. However, they rarely assess the combined effects of raindrop impact and surface runoff together with vegetation cover on varying slopes. This study aimed to design and validate an equipment, on laboratory scale, to evaluate the effect of water erosion on undisturbed soil samples with and without plant cover, as well as to assess the kinetic energy of simulated rain and the resultant shear stress at varying runoff intensities. The equipment is composed of a rainfall simulator, an adjustable stand for different slopes and falling heights, and a runoff ramp for testing undisturbed soil samples measuring 15 x 20 x 40 cm (height, width, and length). In this study, the equipment simulated and evaluated the effect of precipitation and runoff on soil losses, allowing to obtain different values of the kinetic energy of precipitation and runoff. For a f low rate of 12 L min-1 and slope of 35%, the shear stress could reach up to 8 Pa. Furthermore, the equipment showed the effect of vegetation cover and slope on soil losses in different granulometric fractions (< 0.106 mm, 0.106 to 0.25 mm, 0.25 to 0.5 mm, 0.5 to 1.0 mm, 1.0 to 2.0 mm, and > 2.0 mm), revealing the potential of its use in several erosion studies on a laboratory scale.
Alien mammal species in floodplain habitats of the Siversky Donets basin (Ukraine)
Authors:   I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine), Lazariev Denys ,   National Museum of Natural History, NAS of Ukraine (Kyiv, Ukraine)
Published: August 2023

An analysis of invasions and expansions of mammals in the Siversky Donets basin and adjacent areas is presented. Data on population and range the dynamics of habitats and the number of semi-aquatic mammals of two groups are given. The first group includes alien species that were introduced and had previously been unknown in the fauna of not only the region, but also Ukraine in general: muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), coypu (Myocastor coypus), American mink (Neogale vison), and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). The second group includes local invaders, which nowadays are expanding their range, inhabiting the river and its tributaries: Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) and Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). The maps presented show the process of animal spread in the region, indicating the places of introduction, directions of expansion, and known registrations. For local invaders, the territory of their natural habitat at the time of the start of acclimatiszation (for Castor fiber) or expansion to steppe regions (for Lutra lutra) is indicated. Population dynamics of all the species considered was analysed using data from the State Statistical Reporting, for the period from 1984 to 2021, and also monitoring data of other investigators for the pre-war period (until February 2022). The results of the statistical analysis show that populations of the the number of introduced species of mammals increases increased rapidly from the time of their appearance in the composition of the fauna, after which their numbers began to decreases. Also, a number of factors were noted that over a certain period of time exerted had an additional influence on the population dynamics of several certain alien mammal species of mammals. Data on long term dynamics of local invaders show that, along with the expansion of animals to new areas and increase in their abundance, a decrease of their numbers in areas of their historical distribution took place, such as in the case of Lutra lutra. Concerning the distribution and abundance of Castor fiber, an ambiguous situation has appeared: the state of its populations in some steppe areas is better than in the forest areas, where its number abundance is decreasing. Information on the distribution and population state of the studied species based on OSINT-analysis, author’s data and questionnaire surveys are presented. The results of introduction of the studied species are discussed.
Osteological material and the population state of the speckled ground squirrel (Spermophilus suslicus) on the periphery of the species’ distribution (Belarus)
Authors:   Gomel F. Skorina State University (Gomel, Belarus), Savarin Alexandr , Shokalo Sergey ,   Baranovichi Animal Park (Baranovichi, Belarus)
Published: August 2023

The studies were carried out in 2021 near the village of Yushevichi, Nesvizh Raion, Minsk Oblast (Belarus). The content of pellets of three bird species were analysed: Buteo buteo, Buteo lagopus, and Corvus corax. In total, 129 intact and about 30 destructed pellets were processed. Skeletal elements of five small mammal species belonging to five genera of two orders (Rodentia and Eulipotyphla) were found, including remains of nine speckled ground squirrels. The remains of seven of the nine ground squirrel individuals found in the pellets were found in raven pellets, however, the authors believe that this fact does not yet prove a greater influence of the raven on the local ground squirrel population. The pellets analysis and observations of feeding behaviour of the three bird species prove that the speckled ground squirrel is constantly included in the diet of both diurnal birds of prey (genus Buteo) and of atypical predators with a mixed nutrition (raven). Finding of intact skulls of Spermophilus suslicus in pellets of the mentioned bird species is unlikely, which is determined by its considerable size. This circumstance does not allow obtaining most of the craniometric characters, but does not prevent the detection of pathomorphological changes. To compare the craniological characters, we used the skulls of dead ground squirrels (n = 5) found in the field near the village of Yushevichi. These individuals had visible injuries (lacerated wounds, etc.) presumably left both by predators and fights between ground squirrels. The most striking pathomorphological changes were revealed: osteoporosis and osteolysis of dental alveoli of the upper and lower jaws and initial osteomyelitis of the cranial vault (in the parietal and frontal bones). We believe that the speckled ground squirrel’s conservation status should be raised to at least Category II (according to the system of categories adopted in Belarus) for the following reasons: over the past six years, out of 12 known colonies, only four colonies have survived, two of which are practically unviable; stable for 10 years reduction in the number; and range fragmentation (single localities). According to the IUCN classification, it corresponds to category CR (critically endangered).
Distribution of the wolf (Canis lupus) in the steppe zone of Ukraine at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries and its population dynamics
Authors:   Dmytro Motorny Tavria State Agrotechnological University (Меlіtopol, Ukraine), Volokh Anatoliy
Published: August 2023

The article presents data on the extirpation of the wolf in southern Ukraine in the 18th to the 20th century, which was financially supported by landowners and the state. This contributed to keeping the wolf population at a low level and then led to a reduction in its range. In the 1970s, in the steppe and forest-steppe zones, wolves permanently lived only in Moldova; in the north of Odesa Oblast; in the Pavlohrad district of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast; in Kharkiv and Donetsk oblasts, as well as in the north of Poltava Oblast. From here, they spread to neighbouring territories, where they were quickly extirpated. The level of wolf decline was so significant, that in 1970 only 18 wolves were recorded in the steppe zone, and 270 in the whole of Ukraine. This contributed to the dispersal of the roe deer, wild boar, and elk to the south. After the reduction in the size of wolf hunting premiums, hunting pressure on wolves also decreased. Since there is a significant positive correlation between wolf population and hunting pressure (r = 0.93), the wolf's range and population began to grow rapidly. While in 1970 it was found in 14 regions, in 1976 it was already recorded in 18, and in 1981 in 21; in 2000, the wolf occurred in all regions of mainland Ukraine, and in 2003 it entered the Crimea. The process of restoring the wolf's range was accompanied by the emergence of wolf–dog hybrids, some of which are still occurring. Despite the harvest of 616.8 ± 102.68 wolves per year in 1970–1981, the wolf population increased by 6.5 times in Ukraine, and by more than 10 times in the steppe zone. A significant increase in its numbers was facilitated by a decrease in hunting pressure due to the adoption of the USSR Law ‘On the Protection and Use of Wildlife’ in 1980, which prohibited the use of inhumane methods in hunting on wild animals. In 1982–1992, the volume of wolf culling in Ukraine reached 71.1% (45.3–81.5), and in 1993–1999 was equal to 43.1% (34.9–49.3) per year. Naturally, due to the decrease in wolf hunting, there was a sharp increase in the wolf population, which in the steppe zone increased by 1.51 times from 2000 to 2010, and in our country in general by 1.03 times. The process of intensive growth of its population stabilised only at the beginning of the 21st century, when the annual take increased from 34.9% (2000) to 84.0% (2009).