bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a Spatial Cognitive Exercise Training Tool to Restore Tongue Function in Patients With Swallowing Disorders
Authors:   The Korean Society of Cognitive Therapeutic Exercise, Lee Jeong-Weon
Published: January 2025

Eating is a fundamental activity essential for survival throughout life. The tongue identifies the strength, shape, location, and movement of food in the oral cavity and oversees masticatory function, playing a vital role in normal chewing and swallowing. This study aimed to develop a training tool to efficiently restore the tongue's controlled motor function and its ability to explore and discriminate food shapes and textures. Given the inherent plasticity of skeletal muscles, including those active during swallowing, exercise may significantly contribute to dysphagia rehabilitation. While various muscle-strengthening training methods are in use, scientific and objective evidence to clearly establish their efficacy and enable individualized treatment programs remains limited. The training tool developed in this study can directly measure training effectiveness through three-dimensional analysis with digitally quantified exercise metrics. However, as the tool is still in the early prototype development stage, further usability evaluations are needed following prototype completion.
Survey on the Status and Satisfaction of Home Visit Occupational Therapy Services for Adults With Disabilities: Focusing on the Cheonan and Asan Regions
Authors:   The Korean Society of Cognitive Therapeutic Exercise, Kang Bora , Gang Miyeong , Chang Kiyeon , Sung Yeouliju
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to provide foundational data for support projects by evaluating the service status and user satisfaction of home visit occupational therapy services. The study included 40 individuals with disabilities aged ≥20 years who had received services for 6 months. Participants had no communication barriers, and informed consent was obtained before participation. Surveys were administered by three pre-trained investigators through home visits to the service recipients. Although 40 surveys were initially investigated, 39 were included in the final analysis due to one incomplete response. Data analysis involved frequency analysis, multiple response frequency analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. The average overall score for service quality was 4.68, while user satisfaction averaged 4.70. Correlation analysis revealed that service reliability strongly correlated with user satisfaction, followed by responsiveness, empathy, certainty, and tangibility. However, the analysis of influencing factors identified no significant positive influences, indicating that satisfaction with home visit occupational therapy services may be shaped by multiple variables.
Aspectos da Saúde Mental: Abordagem Multidisciplinar
Authors: Melo Diogo Nunes , Ferreira Indira Dias Leal , Weitzel Jeane Aparecida , Lamounier Joao Pedro Oliveira , Dias Karla Alexandra Reis , Cenci Larine , Melo Marina Nunes , Pimenta Vinicius Oliveira , Ribeiro Mikaella da Silva , Silva Larissa Soares , Rabêlo José Vitor dos Passos , Borges Gisele Costa , Gomes Antonio Paulo Neves , Oliveira Adla Suzana Souza Quinto De , Diniz Gabrielly Bezerra , Santos Kathleen Silva dos , Seixas Maria Fernanda Alvão Corrêa , Lima Bruno Jay Mercês de , Silva Larissa Soares , Horsford Rebecca Maia , Silva Débora Carvalho da , Moraes Leticia Carolline Vieira , Diniz Gabrielly Bezerra , Silva Lourranny Gonçalves Rocha , Gonçalves Kênia de Almeida , Moscoso Manoela Souto , Almeida Raquel cunha Sousa de , Takeda Karina Faine Freitas
Published: January 2025

A segunda edição do livro "Saúde Mental: Abordagem Multiprofissional" oferece uma visão ampliada e atualizada sobre os desafios e as abordagens no cuidado à saúde mental. Organizado por especialistas renomados de diversas áreas, o livro consolida práticas, pesquisas e perspectivas interdisciplinares, promovendo uma compreensão integral do tema.
Com novos capítulos e conteúdos revisados, esta edição aborda desde os fundamentos teóricos até a aplicação prática em diferentes contextos, como saúde pública, clínica, educação e trabalho. São tratados temas contemporâneos, como os impactos da pandemia na saúde mental, inclusão social, diversidade, ética profissional, uso de tecnologias e estratégias de cuidado para diferentes populações e ciclos de vida.
Destinado a profissionais e estudantes de psicologia, psiquiatria, enfermagem, serviço social, educação e demais áreas relacionadas, o livro é uma ferramenta essencial para quem busca aprofundar conhecimentos e fortalecer práticas colaborativas no cuidado à saúde mental. Mais do que um manual técnico, esta obra reflete a importância da união entre ciência, humanização e inovação no enfrentamento das complexidades do cuidado em saúde mental.
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE SOBRE O CUIDADO COM MEDICAMENTOS COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA GARANTIA DA SEGURANÇA DO USUÁRIO E FAMILIARES: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA NO CAPS III
Authors: Ribeiro Mikaella da Silva , Silva Larissa Soares , Rabêlo José Vitor dos Passos , Borges Gisele Costa , Gomes Antonio Paulo Neves , Oliveira Adla Suzana Souza Quinto De , Diniz Gabrielly Bezerra , Santos Kathleen Silva dos , Seixas Maria Fernanda Alvão Corrêa , Lima Bruno Jay Mercês de
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de estagiários de enfermagem na aplicação de ação de educação em saúde e de jogos lúdicos
para o uso correto de medicamentos, como garantia da segurança de usuários. Metodologia: trata-se de um relato de
experiência descritivo com modo de abordagem do tipo qualitativa. Resultados e Discussão: as ações foram planejadas de
acordo com a problemática relacionada ao uso de medicamentos, em que foi pensado numa atividade educativa de saúde
voltada para o uso correto dos medicamentos, que conscientizasse os usuários e seus familiares sobre essa questão. Ademais,
realizou-se também uma oficina de jogos para estimulação da memória dos usuários, o que impactaria positivamente no uso
adequado dos fármacos. Considerações Finais: os resultados obtidos durante a ação reforçam a importância de estratégias
diversificadas e personalizadas no ambiente do CAPS, respeitando a individualidade dos usuários e proporcionando um
suporte holístico que vai além do que é considerado clínico.
Optimizing biogas power plants for sustainable energy production: Advanced process control, efficiency enhancement, and integration with renewable energy systems
Authors: Manu K P
Published: January 2025

Biogas power plants have gained significant attention as a sustainable and renewable energy source, leveraging organic waste to produce clean energy and reduce environmental impacts. Despite their potential, achieving optimal performance and widespread viability requires innovative approaches to design, process control, and energy integration. This paper delves into advanced strategies for enhancing the efficiency and operational effectiveness of biogas power plants. Key focus areas include innovations in process control systems, such as real-time monitoring, automation, and predictive analytics, as well as advanced techniques for maximizing methane yield and energy recovery. Additionally, the paper explores the synergistic integration of biogas plants with other renewable energy systems, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy, to create hybrid setups that enhance grid stability and energy reliability. Through detailed case studies and quantitative analyses, this study highlights the substantial environmental benefits, including reduced greenhouse gas emissions and efficient waste management, alongside economic advantages like cost savings and enhanced energy security. Furthermore, challenges related to technology adoption, economic feasibility, and policy support are critically evaluated, and future trends, including the role of digital technologies and emerging materials, are discussed to provide a roadmap for sustainable biogas power plant development.
The introduced and naturalized flora of Côte d’Ivoire: Diversity, origins and introduction history
Authors: Roseline Zinsi Gouli Gnanazan  , Estelle Anny N’Guessan  , Olivier N’Guessan Yao
Published: January 2025

Limited research has been conducted on the introduced flora of Côte d'Ivoire. The primary aim of this study is to enhance the understanding of the introduced flora in the country. The methodology used to compile the list of exotic plants in Côte d'Ivoire involved a thorough literature review, consulting published works, articles, and national, regional, and international online databases. A total of 1,003 introduced plant species from 609 genera and 154 families were catalogued. The most dominant genera include Euphorbia, Solanum, Heliconia, Ipomoea, Gossypium, and Senna, while the leading botanical families are Fabaceae, Compositae, and Poaceae. Herbaceous plants make up 55% of the introduced species, with woody plants comprising 45%. Additionally, 139 introduced plants of conservation value were identified from their regions of origin, including 39 species listed on the IUCN Red List (2024). A total of 114 species are endemic, primarily from Australia, Brazil, China, India, Madagascar, Mexico, and Papua New Guinea. The majority of introduced plants in Côte d'Ivoire are from two continents: the Americas and Asia. This study revealed that plant introductions into Côte d'Ivoire began in 1896, with a peak in 1958 when 61 species were introduced. Regarding the locations of introduction, the introduced plants are found throughout Côte d'Ivoire. However, the majority were introduced in the Abidjan district, particularly in the commune of Cocody and at the National Floristic Center.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of habitants of the Kipushi territory on caprine and human brucellosis
Authors: Maryabo Kazembe Ghislaine  , Kabiyi Mwange Leonie  , Kabwang-A-Mpalang Rosette  , Ntambue Mukengeshayi Abel  , Kassamba Ilunga Eric  , Ngulu Nsasi Arthur
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Brucellosis is a highly contagious disease that is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world. The WHO estimates the annual global incidence of the disease at 500,000 cases. It is classified on the single list of serious animal diseases of the World Organization for Animal Health with significant repercussions on public health and the economy of most developing countries.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of households raising goats in the context of human-animal cohabitation on caprine and human brucellosis in the Kipushi territory.

Methods: Our investigations were carried out in the territory of Kipushi, province of upper-Katanga, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo). This study targeted households raising goats in the context of human-animal cohabitation, with the aim of evaluating their knowledge, attitudes and practices on caprine and human brucellosis. Data collection was done using interviews based on semi-open questions which were administered in these households. We interviewed 347 respondents in 4 different entities in the Kipushi territory, including 26.8% at the Kipushi Antenna, 27.9% in the Lumata village; 17.9% in Musoshi station village and 27.4% in Sambwa village to assess their knowledge on the symptoms of the disease, their attitudes towards prevent this pathology as well as their practices to prevent caprine and human brucellosis in the so-called territory.

Results: The respondents’ good knowledge score on the symptoms of caprine and human brucellosis was 32.6%. The proportions of good knowledge of respondents according to the entities were 29.2% at the Kipushi Antenna, 32% in the Lumata village, 31.9% in the Musoshi station village and 33.5% in the Sambwa village. Regarding attitudes to prevent brucellosis, the score of good attitudes was 22.4% among respondents. This score was distributed according to the entities as follows: 23.5% at the Kipushi Antenna; 26.9% in Lumata village; 25.2% in Musoshi station village and 21.4% in Sambwa village. The score of good practices for combating brucellosis was 24.9%, with proportions of good practices of respondents according to the survey entities of 19.4% at the Kipushi Antenna; 23.7% in Lumata village; 29% in Musoshi station village and 26.3% in Sambwa village.

Conclusion: Our results revealed a low level of knowledge, attitudes and practices of caprine and human brucellosis among respondents in the Kipushi territory. We recommend capacity building by raising awareness among households that raise livestock in Kipushi territory on the acquisition of knowledge on zoonotic diseases and specifically on brucellosis before undertaking any family breeding.
Pneumothorax in a preterm neonate after cesarean-section deliver in a regional hospital setting: A Case report
Authors: Rizal Arkan Putranto  , Ahmad Lubaid  , Ulinnuha Khirza Kafalah
Published: January 2025

Neonatal pneumothorax is a rare but critical condition, particularly in preterm infants, with significant morbidity and mortality risks. This case report describes a female neonate delivered at 32+4 weeks of gestation, weighing 1,120 grams, who presented with severe respiratory distress shortly after birth. Chest radiography revealed a right-sided pneumothorax, and the patient was managed with CPAP, intravenous antibiotics, and supportive care. Despite initial stabilization, the patient's condition worsened, prompting referral to a higher-grade hospital.

This report underscores the importance of early recognition and intervention for neonatal pneumothorax. Clinical signs such as tachypnea, chest retractions, and cyanosis require immediate investigation and treatment. Diagnosis is typically confirmed via chest X-ray, and treatment ranges from non-invasive methods like CPAP to invasive interventions such as needle aspiration or chest tube placement. In this case, non-invasive management with CPAP was initially effective but required escalation due to the patient's clinical deterioration.

The findings highlight the need for healthcare providers to remain vigilant for pneumothorax in at-risk neonates, particularly those requiring respiratory support. Timely intervention tailored to the patient's stability can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the need for invasive procedures. This case emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis, appropriate management strategies, and continuous monitoring in managing neonatal pneumothorax.
The Effect of Pineapple (Ananas Comosus L. merr) Consumption on the Potential for Dental Caries: A systematic review
Authors: Ayu Tania Putrisma Dewi
Published: January 2025

Background: Pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merr) is a fruit that is widely found in Indonesia, this fruit has many benefits because it has a high water content, as well as Potassium, Calcium, Iodine, Sulfur, and Chlorine, Phenol, and Bromelain as antibacterial. The purpose of this study is to learn more about the benefits of pineapple for dental health and in the mouth. This study uses an exploratory literature review method, namely the method of collecting and retrieving bibliographic information, textbooks, journals, scientific articles and publications related to the discussion being studied. Pineapple has several of these ingredients that can inhibit bacterial growth in the mouth by affecting protein biosynthesis. Nucleic acid metabolism and inhibition of enzymes such as glucosyltransferase. These ingredients can also prevent bacteria from producing and synthesizing exopolysaccharide acids and bacterial adhesion. Based on the results of the study, the content of pineapple fruit solution (Ananas comosus L. Merr) contains citric acid and phenolic compounds that are antibacterial. Consumption of pineapple can reduce plaque, Streptococcus sp bacteria and increase salivary pH.

Method: The procedure used in writing this systematic review is a literature search through several databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Proquest, and Google Scholar.

Discussion: Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) contains flavonoid compounds. Flavonoid compounds of the flavanone type are the inhibitory effect of the growth of streptococcus mutans bacteria which occurs due to the reaction of a chemical compound. The mechanism of action of flavonoids contained in pineapple stem extract as antibacterials can be divided into three, namely inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis, inhibiting cell membrane function, and inhibiting energy metabolism.

Conclusion: The bromelain enzyme in pineapple has antibacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of tooth decay
Existing challenges in ethical AI
Authors: Sameerkumar Babubhai Prajapati
Published: January 2025

The current growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is enormous, and has the potential of changing industries, economies and societies in the today’s world. Nevertheless, as AI is more and more involved in decision-making processes, the ethical issues come out and affect trust, fairness, and accountability of these systems. From the reviewed literature, this paper identifies five key ethical issues in AI: Algorithmic Bias, Fairness, Transparency, Accountability, and Privacy. Nevertheless, the current AI systems have a tendency to mimic the prejudices which have existed throughout history, which presents threats to society equity. Furthermore, a question of accountability and explanation of every decision made by AI brings the question of the explainability of AI and the ability to track the reasoning of an AI model. There are also issues to do with privacy as much of the data needed for training AI models is personal data and this is a major issue of privacy. The paper elaborates these challenges and recommends the following solutions: design non-discriminatory and accountable AI systems; follow ethical principles in AI development; test AI systems for biases; and encourage interdisciplinary cooperation. The paper also seeks to discuss the most effective ways of incorporating ethical principles into the AI development process and supports the element of regulation to enhance the existing rules. Through addressing these significant concerns, this paper seeks to contribute theoretical and practical recommendations towards the proper creation and application of AI-based solutions for the collective benefit of society and creating confidence in the system.
Cocoa production sector: Constraints and effects on livelihoods in the Mbonge Sub-Division, South West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Nformi Beatrice Maluh  , Nchu Godwill Afual  , Egbenchong Ruth Eneke
Published: January 2025

In Cameroon, cocoa production is the most profitable economic activity for rural communities particularly in the Mbonge Sub-Division. This sector provides a vital source of income and employment opportunities for numerous small-scale farmers. Despite their crucial role, cocoa farmers still struggle to earn significant income, leaving them unable to meet their basic needs or achieve a good standard of living. This study seeks to examine the constraints to cocoa production and their effects on rural livelihoods in Mbonge Sub-Division. To achieve this objective, descriptive and explanatory research designs were used with both primary and secondary data collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. A random sampling was employed to select a sample of 368 respondents including all stakeholders involved in cocoa production process within the study area. The results revealed that the constant fluctuation in cocoa prices, inadequate access to credit facilities, insecure land tenure, poor infrastructural development like roads, poor storage facilities, climate variability and change were the major constraints to cocoa production observed in the study area. These constraints have resulted in a 50% fall in the total production and revenue. There is a drastic drop in income from approximately 18,700,000,000-billion-franc C.F.A in 2011-to-9000,000,000-billion-franc C.F.A in 2020. The overall effects of the constraints on rural livelihoods on the inhabitants of Mbonge is the difficulty to access quality health care, feeding, decent housing, clothing, toiletries, household utilities, education, socialization, and savings. Purchasing power of farmers has remained very low, in addition to a high rate of inflation. The study recommends farmers to improve on cocoa certification, encourage savings and diversification of their sources of income and activity. The government is recommended to improve on integrated rural development projects, cocoa extension services and more efforts to solve the socio-political crises plaguing the area. Given the pivotal role of the cocoa sector, agricultural policies should be favourable to small farm holders amidst the constraints to ameliorate and improve cocoa production, thus improving rural livelihoods.
Artificial intelligence and predictive analytics to develop evidence-based migration policies for optimal integration and economic empowerment of migrants
Authors: Yusuf Olalekan Adebayo  , Oluwakemisola Omolola Adeusi  , John-Paul Adjadeh  , Sandra Mefoude Obiono  , Rukayat Oyindamola Abdulsalam
Published: January 2025

Migration policy development faces increasing complexity in today's interconnected world, necessitating innovative approaches to data analysis and decision-making. This review examines the emerging role of artificial intelligence and predictive analytics in shaping evidence-based migration policies, with particular emphasis on migrant integration and economic empowerment. Through analysis of recent literature and implementation cases, we explore how AI-driven approaches are transforming policy development across various jurisdictions. The review reveals significant advances in predictive modeling for migration flows, resource allocation optimization, and integration outcome assessment. While these technological solutions show promise in enhancing policy effectiveness, challenges persist regarding data quality, algorithmic bias, and ethical implementation. Current applications demonstrate particular success in labor market integration and service delivery optimization, though gaps remain in long-term outcome prediction and cross-border data integration. This review identifies critical research needs in model validation, ethical framework development, and standardization of success metrics. As migration patterns become increasingly complex, the integration of AI and predictive analytics offers valuable tools for policymakers, while simultaneously demanding careful consideration of implementation challenges and ethical implications.
AI-enhanced predictive analytics systems combatting health disparities while driving equity in U.S. healthcare delivery
Authors: Oluwafunmilayo Ogundeko-Olugbami  , Oluwaseun Ogundeko
Published: January 2025

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enhanced predictive analytics systems are revolutionizing the U.S. healthcare landscape by addressing pervasive health disparities and fostering equitable care delivery. This manuscript examines how AI-driven tools empower healthcare systems to identify and mitigate inequities while optimizing outcomes for underserved populations. By leveraging advanced algorithms and data integration, predictive analytics provides actionable insights that transform decision-making, resource allocation, and patient engagement. The discussion begins with an overview of health disparities in the U.S., emphasizing the disproportionate impact on marginalized communities and the urgent need for innovative solutions. It then explores the role of AI in enhancing predictive analytics, detailing how machine learning and natural language processing uncover hidden trends, forecast disease progression, and personalize care strategies. Real-world applications illustrate how these systems improve early detection of chronic conditions, streamline care pathways, and ensure resource distribution aligns with population needs. The manuscript further highlights the ethical and practical considerations of implementing AI systems, such as addressing algorithmic biases, ensuring data transparency, and protecting patient privacy. By presenting solutions to these challenges, including the development of equitable algorithms and community-centered data collection methods, the manuscript underscores the potential of AI in driving systemic change. Ultimately, this manuscript advocates for a collaborative approach that combines technological innovation with policy reforms to achieve equitable healthcare delivery. By showcasing the transformative capabilities of AI-enhanced predictive analytics, it demonstrates their pivotal role in reducing health disparities and promoting fairness across the U.S. healthcare system.
Resilient government services: adopting devops for public sector efficiency
Authors: Pramod Kumar Muppala
Published: January 2025

The public sector encounters traditional difficulties due to compartmentalized administrative structures, traditional information technology frameworks, and sluggish implementation procedures that obstruct its ability to adjust to shifting citizen needs and regulatory requirements. This manuscript examines how DevOps methods, which foster collaboration with automation while promoting continuous advancement, enable public sector transformation through increased efficiency, improved resilience, and modernized operations. Public agencies that deploy constant integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD), automated testing, and real-time monitoring capabilities achieve faster digital service deployments, enhanced system reliability, and decreased operational costs. The paper demonstrates how Ansible infrastructure automation tools and Kubernetes container orchestration services simplify intricate operations while optimizing resource allocations. The paper analyzes the effect of DevOps on creating shared responsibility structures by enabling dispersed groups of administrators and policy stakeholders to work in unified teams for improved response times. Various case studies show DevOps achieves practical outcomes by delivering scalable, secure, and citizen-oriented application services that benefit organizations. This research highlights how DevOps technology shows transformative power to build resilient services that fulfill digital-first society requirements against existing budget limitations and cultural resistance barriers.
Effectiveness of walking training in patients with central hemiparesis
Authors: Yastrebtseva I. P. , Manukyan K. A. , Shumarina E. L. , Belova V. V.
Published: January 2025

Improving walking remains the most important goal of rehabilitation, and the effectiveness of previously proposed methods of practicing the motor skill requires further improvement.The aim of the work is to evaluate the results of walking training according to «the period of support» in the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with central hemiparesis in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke, as well as to identify factors concomitant with gait improvement.Material and methods. 49 patients with central hemiparesis (mild and moderate in the foot) in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke were examined. The patients were randomized into the main group of 28 patients and the comparison group of 21 patients. The patients of the main group in addition to the standards of care were trained with visual biofeedback on the period of support. Functional testing, assessment of biomechanical indicators of walking and taking surface electromyograms from the thigh and lower leg muscles were performed twice. The training course consisted of 10 sessions of 15 [10;20] minutes each.Results. Training with the use of biofeedback in patients in the early recovery period of stroke was accompanied by improvement of walking as a daily activity and optimization of biomechanical indices of support period, step cycle length, double support, lateral deviation of the foot, as well as neurophysiological — EMG amplitude of EMG m.Quadriceps femoris.Conclusion. In patients with central hemiparesis in the early recovery period of ischemic stroke, walking training was accompanied by its improvement simultaneously with an increase in the dynamic component of balance.
Frontal variant of Аlzheimer's disease
Authors: Nevzorova K. V. , Shpilyukova Yu. A. , Abramycheva N. Yu. , Shabalina A. A. , Fedotova E. Yu. , Illarioshkin S. N.
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, that is the most common cause of dementia. Late on-set AD is usually associated with the classic picture of short-term memory deficits, while early onset AD demonstrates atypical symptoms. The frontal variant is the rarest non-amnestic AD phenotype, which associated with selective neurodegeneration in frontal control networks, which is confirmed by the presence of biomarkers of amyloid pathology. The clinical picture includes a wide variety of symptoms, including disinhibition, apathy, compulsive behavior and executive dysfunction, which often leads to difficulties in making a differential diagnosis with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia) and, as a result, underestimation of the true prevalence of AD. The article provides a brief review of modern literature and a description of two clinical cases of the frontal variant of AD, confirmed by the study of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers.
Влияние экдистена на метаболические процессы в головном мозге крыс при закрытой черепно-мозговой травме
Authors: Сыров Владимир Николаевич , Эгамова Феруза Рустамовна , Юсупова Севара Муминовна , Шахмурова Гульнара Абдуллаевна
Published: January 2025

Препарат растительного происхождения — экдистен — в опытах на крысах с закрытой черепно-мозговой травмой, вызванной ударом свободно падающего груза на теменно-затылочную область черепа, способствует восстановлению угнетенного в этом случае процесса аэробиоза и сохранению фонда АТФ в головном мозге животных. Под его влиянием (внутрь, 10 мг/кг, 1 раз в сутки в течение 2 недель) уменьшается накопление в нервной ткани диеновых конъюгатов и малонового диальдегида, по сравнению с соответствующим контролем, к 7 дню на 45,1 и 36,4 %, а к 14 дню — на 45,9 и 51,7 % (p < 0,05). Восстанавливается активность каталазы и супероксиддисмутазы, реактивируется состояние глутатионовой антиоксидантной системы. Посттравматический отек головного мозга крыс при применении экдистена был по срокам наблюдения значительно менее выражен (на 31,7 – 33,7 %, p ≤ 0,05), чем в контроле. Использование экдистена при черепно-мозговой травме животных по ряду показателей было предпочтительнее, чем применение мексидола. Под влиянием экдистена в головном мозге животных (по сравнению с аналогичными данными, полученным при применении мексидола) концентрация лактата была на 25,2 – 21,4 % ниже, концентрации пирувата и сумма адениннуклеотидов на 33,3 – 28,6 и на 20,4 – 14,8 % (p < 0,05) — выше. Отек головного мозга при применении экдистена на 7 и 14 дни наблюдения был на 10,3 и 17,2 % (p < 0,05) меньше, чем при введении мексидола. По влиянию на процессы перекисного окисления липидов и антиоксидантный статус мозговой ткани эффекты обоих препаратов достоверно между собой не различались.
LINGKUNGAN SOSIAL SEBAGAI PEMEDORASI PENGARUH MOTIVASI KARIR DAN PENGHASILAN TERHADAP NIAT MAHASISWA MEMILIH KARIR SEBAGAI AKUNTAN PUBLIK
Authors: Lukman Hendro , Nata S. M. H
Published: January 2025

Profesi akuntan publik saat ini masih kurang diminati dibanding dengan profesi akuntan di bidang lain. Hal ini terlihat dari jumlah akuntan publik yang bersitifikat sangat sedikit dibanding dengan jumlah akuntan secara keseluruhan. Penelitian ini ingin menganalisis Niat mahasiswa di salah satu institusi pendidikan tinggi di Bogor untuk memilih karir sebagai akuntan publik. Variabel yang digunakan adalah Motivasi Karir dan Motivasi Penghasilan dengan Lingkungan Sosial sebagai variabel moderasi. Penelitian menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh penyebaran kuesioiner secara eleltronik dengan metode convinience sampling. Data terkumpul sebanyak 166 responden yang dianalisis menggunakan regressi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Motivasi Karir berpengaruh terhadap Niat Mahasiswa memilih sebagai akuntan publik, sedangkan Movitasi Penghasilan menunjukkan hasil tidak memiliki pengaruh. Sedangkan variabel Lingkungan Sosial memperlemah pengaruh kedua variabel tersebut terhadap Niat Mahasiswa menjadi akuntan publik. Implikasai dari penelitian ini memberikan masukan bahwa sosialisasi profesi akuntan publik masih perlu digaungkan baik oleh sekolah lanjutan, institusi pendidikan tinggi dan Institue Akuntan Publik Indonesia.
ANALISIS SISTEM KERJA STORAGE DAN PURCHASING DEPARTEMENT TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN OPERASIONAL
Authors: Giftiani Yustin , Fionasari Dwi
Published: January 2025

Operasional hotel yang berjalan baik ditunjang oleh sarana dan prasana yang memadai. Departemen yang berhubungan dalam proses ini diantaranya adalah storage dan purchasing.  Namun dalam prosesnya terdapat beberapa kendala, seperti terjadinya flukuatif harga secara tiba- tiba, adanya kesalahan saat pembelian dan penerimaan barang, serta barang yang rusak. Hal ini selanjutnya mempengaruhi kemampuan hotel untuk terus beroperasi, mempengaruhi hal-hal seperti perbedaan antara fisik dan sistem. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana  analisis sistem kerja storage dan purchasing departement terhadap kelangsungan operasional pada fox hotel Pekanbaru. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan pada konteks penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan teknik kualitatif melalui pihak pembelian, penerimaan, dan pengendalian biaya memberikan wawancara secara langsung, dokumen, dan observasi yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model  penyimpanan barang yang digunakan hotel fox ialah dengan metode FIFO dan LIFO. Selain itu proses penerimaan dan pengeluaran barang dinilai sudah cukup baik hanya saja masih terdapat kendala terutama dari pihak supplier barang.
PERSONALITY TRAITS TERHADAP INVESTMENT DECISION SAHAM DI GALERI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Andini Dita , Rosita R , Wicaksono B. , Rachman A.
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh faktor kepribadian terhadap keputusan investasi, dengan memfokuskan pada Big Five Personality Traits yang terdiri dari openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, dan neuroticism pada Mahasiswa Indonesia yang berprofesi sebagai investor saham aktif. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 131 mahasiswa di Indonesia, dengan 62 sampel yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan berbagai kriteria tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan analisis metode regresi linier berganda software SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor kepribadian openness to experience berpengaruh positif terhadap keputusan investasi. Di sisi lain, dimensi kepribadian lain seperti conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness dan neuroticism tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan investasi mahasiswa sebagai investor saham aktif.
AI-Augmented Heutagogy for Higher Education
Authors: Ng Siew Hiang Sally , Lai Joel Weijia
Published: January 2025

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) presents unprecedented opportunities and challenges for higher education. This forces higher education to confront a critical question: How can this transformative technology reshape learning without diminishing the unique strengths of human cognition? This paper examines how modern AI like GAI can be effectively integrated within a heutagogical framework to enhance teaching, learning, and assessment while developing human intelligence and agency. Drawing on recent research in AI capabilities and limitations, we analyse the distinctions between artificial and human intelligence, emphasising how AI's computational strengths can complement human cognition's emotional and ethical dimensions. We propose an AI-augmented heutagogical design framework aligned with increasing levels of learner autonomy and complexity. This framework demonstrates how AI can facilitate personalized learning pathways while developing both crystallized and fluid intelligence. The paper argues that successful integration of AI in higher education requires intentional pedagogical shifts, faculty development, and infrastructure investments. By foregrounding heutagogy in the modern AI landscape, institutions can create learning environments that promote intrinsic motivation, self-determined learning, and the development of critical 21st-century competencies. This approach positions higher education to evolve beyond building human capital toward fostering comprehensive human development in an AI-augmented world.
The influence of acoustic characteristics and anthropogenic noise on restorative perceptions of natural soundscapes
Authors: Uebel Konrad , Marselle Melissa , Buchan Claire , Butler Simon J , Hanley Nicholas , Higney Anthony , Ratcliffe Eleanor
Published: January 2025

Natural soundscapes are an important cultural ecosystem service that can promote mental health and well-being. However, the role of specific acoustic characteristics in delivering these benefits and the constraining effects of anthropogenic noise are currently unclear. To address these gaps, we conducted two complementary studies, a representative UK online study (N=1529) and a lab-based study (N=62), in which participants listened to nine soundscape samples that differed in both acoustic characteristics (complexity, amplitude, intensity) and anthropogenic noise (traffic). Measures of self-reported well-being and perceptions of restoration were assessed, along with perceived bird species richness and a range of socio-demographic covariates. Despite actual species richness being fixed, estimates of the number of species contributing to each soundscape varied, and those with higher perceived richness were associated with greater psychological well-being. Although no direct effect of acoustic characteristics on psychological well-being was found, perceived species richness was highest in soundscapes with medium and high complexity and amplitude. Traffic noise had a clear negative impact on well-being, particularly when natural soundscapes were louder and more complex. These results highlight the importance of perceptions of biodiversity in understanding the well-being contributions of natural soundscapes. Medium to high soundscape complexity and amplitude may be important drivers for people perceiving greater bird diversity, whilst minimizing traffic noise is crucial to facilitate greater well-being benefits.
A Comparative Study Employing Human Keypoints Estimation and Convolutional Neural Networks for Pakistan Sign Language Translation
Authors: Fiaz Layba , Javed Kashif
Published: January 2025

Sign Language Translation (SLT) bridges the communication gap between hearing-impaired and hearing individuals by translating sign language into spoken language. Each country has its distinct sign language, with Pakistan Sign Language (PSL) serving the hearing-impaired community in Pakistan. Despite its importance, little work has been done on PSL translation. To address this gap, we applied keypoints estimation and video sequence-based techniques to PSL and conducted a performance analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first comparative study of these two SLT techniques specifically applied to PSL. The first technique leverages keypoints extracted using the MediaPipe library to generate glosses while the second approach uses Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to analyze entire video sequences, identifying patterns corresponding to glosses. Both techniques utilize a pre-trained gloss-to-text translation model based on an attention-based Neural Machine Translation (NMT) system. The dataset used in this study consists of video sentences, split into an 80/20 ratio for training and evaluation. Performance evaluation using BLEU scores reveals that the keypoints-based method outperforms the video sequence-based approach, achieving a BLEU score of 43.94, demonstrating its efficiency in translating signs across diverse backgrounds.
The Development of Territory-Based Inferences of Ownership
Authors: Goulding Brandon W. , Friedman Ori
Published: January 2025

Legal systems often rule that people own objects in their territory. We propose that an early-developing ability to make territory-based inferences of ownership helps children address informational demands presented by ownership. Across 6 experiments (N = 504), we show that these inferences develop between ages 3 and 5 and stem from two aspects of the psychology of ownership. First, we find that a basic ability to infer that people own objects in their territory is already present at age 3 (Experiment 1). Children even make these inferences when the territory owner unintentionally acquired the objects and was unaware of them (Experiments 2 and 3). Second, we find that between ages 3 and 5, children come to consider past events in these judgments. They move from solely considering the current location of an object in territory-based inferences, to also considering and possibly inferring where it originated (Experiments 4 to 6). Together, these findings suggest that territory-based inferences of ownership are unlikely to be constructions of the law. Instead, they may reflect basic intuitions about ownership that operate from early in development.
The Waning Willpower: A Highly Powered Longitudinal Study Investigating Fatigue Vulnerability and Its Relation to Personality, Intelligence, and Cognitive Performance
Authors: Lindner Christoph , Retelsdorf Jan , Nagy Gabriel , Zitzmann Steffen
Published: January 2025

Research has shown that current mental fatigue and self-control capacity play a crucial role in the goal-directed regulation of emotion, motivation, and cognition. However, whether the emergence of fatigue during the exercise of cognitive performance is indicative of individuals’ time-stable fatigue vulnerability traits is still not well understood. In this longitudinal study, we repeatedly measured the self-reported perceived control capacity of N = 2,094 trainees over the course of working on three separate, 140-minute-long standardized achievement tests in mathematics and science. These tests were administered at the beginning of trainees’ vocational education and training, prior to their intermediate exams, and before their final exams. In all three testing sessions, participants’ control capacity declined over time, which indicated increasing mental fatigue. The intercepts and slopes of three latent growth-curves loaded on two higher-order fatigue vulnerability trait factors representing the interindividual variabilities in individuals’ stable aspects of pre-task control capacity (control preparedness) and its change over time (fatigue resistance). Further, we examined the relationships of both fatigue trait factors and self-reported personality traits, as well as objectively assessed fluid intelligence and general achievement test performances. The strongest predictors of control preparedness were conscientiousness, neuroticism, and fluid intelligence, whereas fatigue resistance was predicted exclusively by neuroticism and conscientiousness. Individuals with higher levels of control preparedness tended to outperform others in achievement testing. Post-hoc power analyses provide evidence for the high statistical power of the results. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for personality research on mental fatigue effects in performance situations.
Historical Polarization in Legislative Support for Civil Rights in the United States
Authors: Jackson Joshua Conrad , Kteily Nour Sami
Published: January 2025

Sixty years after the civil rights movement, we examine the historical trajectory of civil rights through the language of US legislation. Using natural language processing (NLP), we find that civil rights has become a more common but also a more polarized policy area. Polarization between Democrats and Republicans accelerated during the early 1990s and the mid-2010s. The latter acceleration coincided with the rise of the “Black Lives Matter” movement, and it was driven by a surge of legislative support for civil rights among racial minority Democrats. Content analyses show that civil rights legislation supporting racial minorities, women and the LGBTQ+ community has polarized most, while legislation supporting the elderly and disabled has declined in both parties. Our findings offer new insights into party polarization, race and ethnicity politics, and collective action tipping points. We showcase NLP as a valuable method for studying the changing behavior of political elites.
Gene-Environment Interplay Beyond Interactions: Psychosocial Environments Mediate Genetic Effects Underlying Externalizing Behavior Trajectories
Authors: Dong LiChen , Sasia Alyssa Brooke , Li James Janford
Published: January 2025

Studies of gene-environment interplay largely focus on just one form of interplay–interaction–while neglecting the possibility of mediation, where genetic effects may operate indirectly through psychosocial environments. In this study, we used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 20,745) to characterize latent trajectories of substance use (SUB) and antisocial behavior (ASB) from ages 13 to 41 and computed polygenic scores (PGS; N = 4,868) for externalizing behaviors to investigate both interaction and mediation effects for SUB and ASB trajectories. Environmental factors examined were supportive parenting, delinquent peer affiliation, school connectedness, and neighborhood connectedness. Results showed no evidence of interaction effects. The association of PGS with SUB and ASB trajectories operated indirectly through psychosocial environments, most prominently via deviant peer affiliation, which mediated 13.6 - 51.3% of total genetic effects. Findings highlight how the interplay between nature and nurture goes beyond interactions alone.
Is retroflexion a stable cue for distributional learning for speech sounds across languages? Learning for some bilingual adults, but not generalisable to a wider population in a well powered pre-registered study
Authors: Goh Hannah Letitia , Onnis Luca , Styles Suzy J
Published: January 2025

Bilinguals are widely reported to have certain kinds of cognitive advantages, including language learning advantages. One possible pathway is a language-specific transfer effect, whereby sensitivity to structural regularities in known languages can be brought to to-be-acquired languages that share particular features. Here we tested for transfer of a specific linguistic property, sensitivity to retroflexion as contrastive phonemic feature. We designed a task for bilinguals with homogeneous language exposure (i.e., bilingual in the same languages) and heterogeneous feature representation (i.e., differing levels of proficiency). Hindi and Mandarin Chinese both have retroflexion in phoneme contrasts (Hindi: stop consonants, Mandarin: sibilants). In a preregistered study, we conducted a statistical learning task for the Hindi dental-retroflex stop contrast with a group of early parallel English-Mandarin bilinguals, who varied in their Mandarin understanding levels. We based the target sample size on power analysis of a pilot study with a Bayesian stop-rule after minimum threshold. Contrary to the pilot study (N = 15), the main study (N = 50) did not find evidence for a learning effect, nor language-experience variance within the group. This finding suggests that statistical learning effects for the feature in question may be more fragile than commonly assumed, and may be evident in only a small subsample of the general population (as in our pilot). These stimuli have previously shown learning effects in children, so an additional possibility is that neural commitment to adults’ languages prevents learning of the fine-stimulus contrast in question for this adult population.