bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Descriptive Analysis of Questions in the 2013 Curriculum Textbook (2018 Revised Edition) for Grade IX SMP/MTs Mathematics Lessons in Terms of the 2019 TIMSS Cognitive Domain
Authors: Lira Qualan Ma’ruf , Tayeb Thamrin , Idris Ridwan , Halimah Andi , Nursalam
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the proportion of questions in the 2013 curriculum student book for Mathematics grade IX SMP/MTs that are categorized in the TIMSS cognitive domains compared to the proportion of TIMSS 2019 standards. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research. The research instrument used was the assessment framework guidelines that have been provided in the TIMSS 2019 book. The research process began with an analysis of the questions contained in the Mathematics student book for grade IX SMP/MTs which was conducted independently by the researcher. The results showed that from 344 valid items contained in the Mathematics student book for grade IX SMP/MTs, the percentage of “knowing” cognitive domain in the book was 37.68%, compared to the standard set by the TIMSS 2019 assessment criteria of 35%. Then, the percentage of “applying” cognitive domain in the book is 52.21%, compared to the standard set by TIMSS 2019 assessment criteria of 40%. Meanwhile, the percentage of “reasoning” cognitive domain in the book was 10.11%, compared to the standard set by the TIMSS 2019 assessment criteria of 25%.
Pengembangan Modul Ajar Berbasis Guided Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Spasial Matematis Peserta Didik
Authors: Burhany Muhammad Amirul Haq , Yuliany Nur , Sulasteri Sri
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dan karakteristik modul berbasis Guided Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan spasial matematika siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan model ADDIE yang dimodifikasi oleh Sugiyono. Langkah-langkah yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari (1) Analisis, (2) Desain, (3) Pengembangan, (4) Implementasi, dan (5) Evaluasi. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran menggunakan modul, lembar observasi aktivitas siswa, angket respon guru dan siswa, dan tes kemampuan spasial matematika. Validitas modul yang dikembangkan memperoleh nilai 3,79 (valid). Kepraktisan dengan keterlaksanaan pembelajaran menggunakan modul sebesar 1,81 (terlaksana seluruhnya) dan respon guru sangat positif dengan rata-rata persentase 89,29% dari kedua hasil analisis tersebut, sehingga modul memenuhi kriteria praktis. Sedangkan kriteria keefektifan diperoleh dari hasil analisis observasi aktivitas siswa yaitu 70,19% dengan kategori baik, respon siswa terhadap modul memberikan respon positif dengan persentase 80,77%, dan hasil tes kemampuan spasial matematika menunjukkan persentase 77,77% sehingga kriteria keefektifan terpenuhi.
The Implementation of Translanguaging in English language Learning Video
Authors: Nuryogawati Firly
Published: August 2024

In this study, the researcher showed translanguaging implementation in the instructor's explanation in the English learning video on one YouTube channel and classified them according to Iversen's theory (2019). The researcher used content analysis to observe the three English learning videos on the GIA Academy. According to the report, the application of translanguaging in the three English learning videos evaluated is that the teacher utilizes translanguaging approaches that vary according to demands. Translanguaging is utilized in three English learning videos to explain each brief visual of the information in the form of PowerPoint to explain the subchapter, which is highly complicated learning content. The researcher also provided feedback on why the instructor applied translanguaging as one of the English learning strategies.
EFL instructors’ perceptions of integration digital transformation in EFL learning context in Higher Education
Authors: Wardat Saja , Akour Mohammed
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the integration of digital technologies and tools in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning in Jordanian Higher Education through a qualitative open-ended online survey. It highlights the perceptions of 100 Jordanian EFL instructors, each with a minimum of five years of experience, on the digital transformation in the EFL learning process. The survey, consisting of ten open-ended questions, gathered in-depth insights on the benefits, challenges, and implications of this transformation. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the qualitative data, revealing varied levels of experience, the use of diverse digital tools, and both technical and pedagogical challenges. Key findings include the positive impact of digital tools on teaching and learning experiences, enhanced student engagement, and opportunities for personalized learning and collaboration. The study concludes that leveraging digital resources can enhance EFL learner engagement and learning outcomes, inform future pedagogical practices, and shape the landscape of digital transformation in EFL Higher Education for years to come.
An empirical study on the relationships and impacts of leadership styles, organizational learning, and organizational competitiveness
Authors: Arikan Cenk Lacin , Krsteska Kristina , Kasap Suat , Gjorgjievski Ivan , Mitrevski Viktor
Published: August 2024

This study dwells into the relationships and the impact of Leadership Styles (LS) and Organizational Learning (OL) practices on Organizational Competitiveness (OC) of the organizations in the Republic of North Macedonia. Correlation and regression are employed for data analysis. The data analysis is conducted by using Excel and SPSS. The findings shed light on getting a more comprehensive understanding of organizational competitiveness. Shared Vision (SV) and Systems Thinking (ST) are found to have the strongest positive correlation with OC. The efficiency and effectiveness are also found to be affected by the Learning Organization Disciplines. Efficiency, especially, is found to be impacted when practicing Directive Leadership Style. However, the efficiency and quick and effective adjustment of changes are not affected when using cooperation as a coaching leadership approach, nor when explanation, demonstration, and verification are used in a mixed leadership approach. The limitation of this research study comes mainly from geographical concentration. However, the managerial implications from provided insights about the relationships and impacts are indeed diversified and plentiful which should help managers and leaders in adjusting their strategies and activities for their respective organizations. Scholars can consider these findings to tap into the complex nature of the phenomena of achieving and sustaining organizational competitiveness.
Journalist competence vs. fishing company intervention on IUU fishing reporting in Riau, Indonesia: Questioning the media leader policy
Authors: Hendri Ridar , Yulinda Eni , Nurmalia Denisa
Published: August 2024

Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing (IUU fishing) crimes by rogue fisheries companies are rife in the sea waters of Riau Province. However, this issue is rarely reported by those provincial journalists in the online media where they work. In fact, in Riau, there are 163 online media companies and 600 competent journalists; 200 of them live in capture fisheries center areas. Apart from the journalist competency factor, the decision to make IUU fishing news can also be influenced by the fisheries company intervention that committed the crime. Besides, the policy role of media leaders—editors, editors-in-chief, and media owners—also determines journalists’ decisions to make those news stories. This research aims to analyze the influence of journalist competence and fishing company intervention on the decision to make IUU fishing news, as well as the role of media leader policy as mediators in these influences. This survey involved 100 competent journalists as respondents. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire containing a number of closed statements measured on a 5-point Likert scale, which was distributed to respondents. The data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The research results show that the fishing company intervention has a negative and significant influence on the decision to make IUU fishing news in Riau, while journalist competence does not. Additionally, media leader policy was found to play a significant role in mediating the influence of fisheries company intervention and journalist competence on the decision to make IUU fishing news. The leader policy could prevent journalists from making IUU fishing news if fisheries companies, who are responsible for those crimes, intervene and request it. Those actions of media leaders need to be questioned because they can hamper the media’s function as a means of disseminating information, educating the public, and implementing social control, especially those related to combating IUU fishing crimes.
Boa Esperança's Dam Reservoir Ichthyofauna
Authors: Soares Romildo Ribeiro , Silva Filho Jeremias Pereira da , Barbosa Diogo Brunno e Silva , Caland Milena Penha , Vilar Helano Nobre , Lima Mauro Sérgio Cruz Sousa
Published: August 2024

Objective: The the present study investigated the composition and structure of the fish assemblage of the reservoir of Boa Esperança, located in the main body of the Parnaíba River, aiming to contribute to the expansion of knowledge on fish diversity of anthropic ecosystems and subsidizing management actions for the conservation of the diversity of inland waters.
 
Method: Traps installation points were randomly chosen in order to include the greatest possible amount of aquatic microhabitats found in the Boa Esperança dam lake, on the Parnaíba river, in order to capture the greatest possible fish diversity. Samples were collected every two months, between September 2013 and October 2014 (SISBIO 42018-2 OF 12/12/2013), in which standardized gill nets were used (from 3 to 10 cm between opposite).
 
Research results and discussions: The result of the fauna inventory was a total of 823 specimens, subdivided into 6 orders, 20 families and 39 species. The most abundant species upstream was the "Arenga" Pellona flavipinnis, with 198 specimens captured, accounting for 24% of the total capture in both systems. In the downstream stretch, it was the "Pacu" Myleus asterias, corresponding to 6.8% of the total capture in both systems, with 14 endemic species.
 
Research implications: Implications of the research: The results obtained serve to show the impacts caused by the construction of the dam on the local ichthyofauna.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the understanding of the effect of dams on the maintenance, preservation and modification or not of the ichthyofauna existing in the rivers where they are implemented. It also serves as a basis for future analyses of the effects of dams on riverside populations that use the local ichthyofauna as a source of subsistence.
The Perception of Teaching in the Medical Internship in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vargas-Vera Ramón Miguel , Placencia-Ibadango Martha Verónica , Gavilánez Piedad Gisela Mejía , Benavides Walter Santiago Mayorga , Benavides Yadira Jessenia Mayorga , Becerra Lady Shirley Minaya , Zapata Rosario Claribel Baca , Vargas-Silva Kathiuska Stefany
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic caused various transformations in society and education. Higher education institutions were forced to implement educational measures in order to safeguard the health of medical personnel and students, limiting medical practice.
 
Objective: To describe the perception of medical interns in academic and extracurricular activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
 
 Methods: Databases were examined with keywords and meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, adopting the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses system.
 
 Results and Discussion: 150 articles were examined; 20 that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded; 106 were screened and 20 articles were included.
 
Conclusion: Most students at the educational institution experience a favorable perception of online learning.
Management Skills in Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs): a Systematic Review
Authors: Guzmán Carlos Adolfo Noriega Niño de , Pimentel Johnny Félix Farfán
Published: August 2024

Objective: To analyze the level of knowledge generated by various authors on the managerial skills of SMEs between 2014 and 2024.
 
Theoretical Framework: Managerial skills are very relevant for the strategic exercise of innovation and development in companies, where technical skills are not enough, and are composed of various knowledge, skills, attitudes and behaviors that a person requires to efficiently develop the responsibilities to lead a company (Leyva and Cavazos 2018; Leyva et al., 2017).
 
Method: The research has a qualitative approach since the purpose is to present a general study on Managerial Skills in SMEs, aspects of scientific production are analyzed and evaluated, through research in the Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) databases.
 
Results and Discussion: Managerial skills, management skills, human relations, such as business relations influence the leadership style of entrepreneurs, generating a positive and people-oriented impact to the extent that there are greater human and business interactions (Abdullah et al., 2023).
 
Research Implications: The development of SME organizations today are involved in a fast-changing environment that requires strengthening managerial skills in order to achieve strategic business objectives effectively and efficiently.
 
Originality/value: The research will contribute to a better understanding of business organizations and the importance of developing managerial skills, enhancing innovation, knowledge management and SME performance.
Dissemination of ICT Research in Ibero-America: an Approach to Trends in Education
Authors: Perea-Valero Yefferzon , Cuida Astrid , Salgado-Horta Dagoberto
Published: August 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify some patterns in the publication of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) articles on education in Ibero-America.
 
Theoretical Framework: This theme presents the main concepts and theories underpinning ICT research in the field of education, identifying predictive biometric studies in education.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this content research comprises bibliometric methods commonly used in the field. Data collection was carried out by consulting the SCOPUS database.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed an increase in production and more so after the COVID-19 pandemic. An increase in collaboration between authors and the emergence of research topics associated with social networks is evident.
 
Research Implications: The results indicate that academic institutions and researchers need to further foster collaborations to maximise research opportunities and to address global challenges more effectively.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to identify patterns of production in the ICT area. It offers a list of descriptions that will provide guidance on those aspects that are less researched and that can be addressed in the future.
A Case of Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Total AV Block on VSD and PDA with Ultrasound
Authors: Yusrawati Yusrawati , Wahdini Nanda Tri , Rasyid Hauda El , Riendra Muhammad
Published: August 2024

Objective : To report the diagnosis and management of congenital total AV block on VSD and PDA in pregnancy.Method : A case reportCase : A 37-year-old multiparous woman G4P3A0H2 24- 25 weeks of preterm pregnancy with fetal bradycardia, VSD, PDA with ultrasonography and CTG results was FHR 70 bpm. At 37- 38 weeks of pregnancy, termination of pregnancy was performed by cesarean delivery with preparation for complication of fetal AV block. A male baby was born with weight 2600 gram and APGAR score of 8/9. Immediate echocardiography result was situs solitus, VSD PM Lïƒ R shunt, PDA Lïƒ R shunt, good left ventricular function, left aortic arch and EF 74%. ECG result was sinus bradycardia, total AV block with junctional escape rhythm. Sternotomy and PPM implantation was performed by cardiothoracic surgeon three hours after the baby was born. Post PPM implantation, ECG results was HR 165 bpm and chest X- rays interpretation was cardiomegaly with plethora. Mother and baby came home in good condition on the 6th day of treatment. On the next babyâ€™s control at 4.5 months obtained a weight of 5.4 kg with the echocardiography results was solitus, VSD PM LÃ R shunt, VSD muscular multiple 3 pieces LÃ R shunt, PDA LÃ R shunt, good right and left ventricular function, and left arch. The child got captopril 2x1.5 mg and planned for a 6-month repeat echocardiography.Conclusion : Congenital of total AV block on VSD and PDA is confirmed by prenatal diagnosis and preparation for comprehensive multidisciplinary management.Keywords: congenital total AV block, fetal bradycardia, fetal echocardiography, PPM, ultrasound
Clinical Appearance Of Tinea Corporis Resembles With Tinea Imbricata And Condyloma Acuminata Genital In A Reproductive Woman With HIV : A Case Report
Authors: Kencana Indah , Ariani Tutty , Anum Qaira , Rizal Yosse
Published: August 2024

Background: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the bodyâ€™s immune system that can cause immunodeficiency. Immunodeficiency results in increased susceptibility to fungal infections. The other opportunistic infection, condyloma acuminate is prevalent in groups at high risk for HIV acquisition and in HIV-infected individuals. Case: There were ring-shaped reddish patches with scaly and itchy on the right back since 3 weeks ago. Patients often scratch it especially when sweating and hot weather. The itchy reddish patches with scaly were increased in number and size on the right back then spreading over the edge to form ring-like patches. Patient complained ring-shaped reddish patches getting more red, scaly, itchy, and wider. 6 months ago, there was a lump that sometime felt itchy in below part of vulva. Patient in reproductive age and not married yet, but sexually active. Patient had a sexual relation with male who HIV 2 years ago. Patient also suffered HIV and got ARV since 6 month ago. There was no protection (condom) during the sexual intercourse. Dermatologic state in right back with efflorescence is plaque erythema with annular concentric ring forms, scale, and blackish crust. Venereologycal state show vegetation in vulva with size 0,2 - 1,5 x 1 x 0,5 cm with verrucous surface. Acetowhite test is positive result. KOH 10% of skin scrapping show fungal element and fungal culture result is tricophyton rubrum. Patient was diagnosed tinea corporis (TC) and condyloma acuminata (CA) genital griseovulfin 900 mg, cetirizin 10 mg, ketokonazol 2% cream twice a day, tricholoroacetat 90% and showed good improvement.Discussion: Diagnosis tinea corporis and CA genital based on clinical findings and mycological examination. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are important in HIV patients in order to prevent severe infection. After 4 weeks treatment, show improvement on TC however CA lesion no reduced. Keywords: tinea corporis,condyloma acuminate, tinea imbricata, HIV, Reproductive age
Optimizing Fractional Differential Equation Solutions with Novel Müntz Space Basis Functions
Authors: Shekh Asrin , Jamal Hamad Kamaran , Saeed mahmood Salm
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces innovative basis functions derived from Müntz spaces, aimed at addressing the computational challenges of Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs). Our primary focus is the creation of these functions using singular indices linked to the solutions of FDEs. We thoroughly investigate the properties of these fundamental functions to understand their operational potential. These functions are particularly adept at capturing initial singular indices, making them highly suitable for solving FDEs. The proposed numerical method is distinguished by its rapid convergence rates, showcasing its efficiency in computational evaluations. We validate our approach by presenting numerical examples that highlight its accuracy and reliability. These examples confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the new basis functions from Müntz spaces in accurately solving FDEs. This research advances numerical methods for FDEs and serves as a valuable resource for researchers seeking robust and reliable techniques
TEACHERS’ PERCEIVED INFLUENCE OF HOME-GROWN SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAM ON READINESS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS’ IN OSUN STATE
Authors: Ologele Ibrahim , A. M. Abdulraheem , K.A. Jidda , Q.O. Abdulrasaq , Olayemi Agunloye
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTHome grown supplementary feeding program connotes a feeding plan designed to provide balanced diet meal for school children daily who are attending public primary school within a community. The provision of adequate nutrition aims at promotion of good health recognized as constituting the foundation of proper growth of the primary school children. This study investigated teachers’ perceived influence of home-grown supplementary feeding program on readiness of primary school pupils’ in Osun State. The objectives of the study were to: (i) examine if teachers perceived home-grown supplementary school feeding programme as influencing pupils’ enrolment and (ii) pupils comportment in Osun State. The descriptive research design of survey type was adopted for the study. The population of this study consists of the head teachers and teachers in Osun State. Multi-stage sampling techniques consisting of purposive, proportionate and simple random sampling techniques was used to select a sample size of 454 respondents. A researcher-designed validated questionnaire was used for data collection. A reliability coefficient (r) of 0.78 was obtained through split-half method. Data collection was conducted by researcher and research assistants. Inferential statistic of Ch-square (x2) was used to analyzed the formulated null hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23.0. The findings of the study were that: teachers significantly perceived home-grown supplementary school feeding programme as influencing pupil’s enrolment in Osun State. (cal. x2 value = 794.90 crit. x2 value = 16.92, df = 9 @ = 0.05) and ;  teachers significantly perceived home-grown supplementary school feeding programme as influencing pupils’ comportment in Osun State. (cal. x2 value = 256.89 crit. x2 value = 16.92, df = 9 @ = 0.05). The study concluded that teachers perceived home-grown supplementary feeding programe to promote pupils enrolment and class composure in Osun State. The researcher recommended that free varieties of food should be provided for pupil’s in school to encourage more enrolment and improve the attention span of the pupils in school.Keywords: teachers; perceived-influence; home-grown; readiness; pupils
THE EFFECT OF SOMATIC, AUDITORY, VISUAL AND INTELLECTUAL MODELS (SAVI) TOWARD CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY
Authors: Lailiyah Alina Nur , Simbolon Marlina Eliyanti , Hermawati Eli
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTThe problem in this research is motivated by students' low critical thinking skills due to different learning styles, passive and not conducive. The purpose of this study was to describe the differences in students' critical thinking skills and the differences in the improvement of students' critical thinking skills in social studies content using somatic, auditory, visual and intellectual (SAVI) models. The research approach used in this study is a quantitative approach using the experimental method, namely quasi-experimental with the research design, namely nonequivalent control group design with a pretest before treatment and posttest after treatment. It consists of two important variables, namely the dependent variable (Y) critical thinking skills and the independent variable (X) somatic, auditory, visual and intellectual models (SAVI). This research was conducted in class V in the even semester of SD Negeri 4 Kuningan for the 2022/2023 academic year, with 40 students as research subjects. Data collection techniques in this study used tests, namely descriptions based on indicators of critical thinking skills. As for the data analysis technique used in this study, namely the normality test, homogeneity test, N-gain test, t test or difference test between the critical thinking abilities of control and experimental class students as well as different tests increasing students' critical thinking skills in the control and experimental classes . The results showed that there were differences in ability and differences in the improvement of students' critical thinking skills between the experimental class which was given the somatic, auditory, visual and intellectual (SAVI) treatment model and the control class which used the discovery learning model.Keywords:  SAVI learning model; critical thinking; social sciences.
Effects of Bilingualism Strategy on the Academic Performance of Primary School Pupils in English Studies in Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Okewole Johnson Oludele
Published: August 2024

Abstract This study determined the effects of bilingualism on the academic performance of primary school pupils in English Studies in Ile-Ife, Osun State. It also examined the interactive effects of sex and bilingualism on the academic performance of primary school pupils in English Studies in Ile-Ife, Osun State and further investigated the effects of the strategy on the attitude of the pupils in learning English Studies in the study area. The study utilized an experimental research design and the instruments used for data collection are Test of Knowledge of Reading Comprehension (TKRC) in English Studies and Pupils Attitude Questionnaire (PAQ) towards the effects of bilingualism strategy on the academic performance of primary school pupils in English Studies in Ile-Ife (PAQ). The sample comprised thirty three pupils of two randomly selected primary three classes of primary schools in Ile-Ife. Using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), the results showed that students performed better when they were taught using bilingualism strategy than when they were taught using monolingual strategy with the statistical value of  Sig=0.024, F=5.811 (p0.05). Result also showed that there is a transfer of knowledge of the Pupils' L1 to the understanding of English studies in the classroom and that irrespective of sex the pupils performed better when they were taught using bilingualism. The results also revealed that bilingualism has significant effect on the attitude of the pupils towards the learning of English reading comprehension The study concluded that bilingualism strategy is effective in improving the academic performance of primary school pupils in English reading comprehension in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.  Keywords; bilingualism; english studies; strategy; academic performance
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF PEER MENTORING AND MATHEMATICS ANXIETY AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Malik Nasrudeen Ayinde , Fakokunde Jubril Busuyi , Iroko Ganiyu Adisa , Adams Hassanat Taiwo
Published: August 2024

This study examined students’ perceptions of peer mentoring and mathematics anxiety among senior secondary school students in Nigeria. The study explores students' attitudes toward participating in peer mentoring programmes. Descriptive statistical techniques were used to answer the research questions. The findings of this study revealed that a significant proportion of students strongly agreed that the mentoring programme was transformative and provided unique learning opportunities for academic performance. It was further revealed that the mentoring programme had a remarkable effect on reducing mathematics anxiety. Therefore, it was recommended that the Nigerian government should encourage the expansion and continuity of peer mentoring programmes in schools. It also suggested that there should be training and ongoing professional development for mentors.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS, GENDER AND TEACHERS' FACTORS AS PREDICTORS OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN ECONOMIC CONCEPT IN SOCIAL STUDIES
Authors: OMIYEFA MURAINA OLUGBENGA
Published: August 2024

The role of the teacher in the teaching-learning process is crucial for facilitating students’ learning.. However, there is a dearth of literature that incorporate socio-economic status such as parental (qualification, occupation, education, income), teachers' factors such as (qualification, work attitude and competence) and gender as they predict students’ academic achievement, particularly in economic concepts within the field of Social Studies. This study therefore investigated socio-economic status, gender and teachers' factors as predictors of students' academic achievement in economic concepts in Social Studies. The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design. Questionnaire was the instrument used to collect data from 350 respondents drawn from five senior secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State. Seventy students were selected each from the five schools drawn from Ibadan North local government areas of Oyo state. Data collected were analysed using chi-square and t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the data analysis showed that there is prominent association between socio-economic status and students' academic achievement; there is significant relationship between teachers' factor and students' academic achievement and there is no significant relationship between academic achievement of male and female students in economic concepts in Social Studies. Based on the findings, it was recommended parents should improve the conditions of their home environment to suite the purpose of their children performing better in school work while teachers improve their method of instruction to address various personality traits of students.Keywords: Socio-economic status; Gender; Academic performance; Teacher’s factor
Mewujudkan Nilai Demokrasi Rasional dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Langsung dan Serentak di Indonesia
Authors: Haryanti Dewi , Budiman Haris
Published: August 2024

Pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung dan serentak merupakan bentuk nyata pelaksanaan otonomi daerah karena rakyat bisa memilih secara langsung para pemimpin yang dikehendakinya. Oleh karena itu pemerintah telah menyiapkan perangkat perundang-undangan untuk mendukung kegiatan pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung tersebut. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pelaksanaan serta permasalahan yang terjadi dalam Pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung dan serentak serta upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan problematika tersebut untuk mewujudkan pemilihan yang lebih demokratis dan ideal bagi daerah. Metode penelitian berupa penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan socio legal research. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pelaksanaan pemilihan kepala daerah secara langsung dan serentak pada tahun 2015, 2017 dan 2018 masih ditemukan berbagai permasalahan dari sejak tahapan dimulai sampai pada hasil Pemilihan, untuk itu perlu dilakukan pembaharuan perundang-undangan Pemilihan kepala daerah berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi yang rasional agar pelaksanaan pemilihan kepala daerah berikutnya dapat terlaksana lebih demokratis sesuai aspirasi masyarakat dan kondisi daerah.   The direct and simultaneous election of regional heads is a tangible form of implementing regional autonomy because the people can directly elect the leaders they want. Therefore, the government has prepared legislation to support the direct election of regional heads. The problems discussed in this study are how the implementation and problems that occur in direct and simultaneous regional head elections and the efforts that can be made to resolve these problems to realize a more democratic and ideal election for the region. The research method is in the form of descriptive empirical legal research with a socio legal research approach. The results of the study show that the implementation of direct and simultaneous regional head elections in 2015, 2017 and 2018 still found various problems from the stage starting to the election results, for this reason it is necessary to reform the legislation on regional head elections based on rational democratic principles. so that the implementation of the next regional head election can be carried out more democratically according to the aspirations of the people and regional conditions.
Flexibility Work Arrangements and Employee Normative Commitment in Selected General Hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Okolie Ugo Chuks , Egbon Thomastina Nkechi
Published: August 2024

This study examined flexible working arrangements and employee normative commitment in selected hospitals in Delta State. Specifically, to access the influence of flexi-time, job-sharing and telecommuting on employee normative commitment. A cross-sectional research design and simple random sampling technique was adopted. A questionnaire was employed as the research instrument for the study with 173 respondents deemed usable. The study was anchored on border theory and data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were employed to analysed the study hypotheses. The results showed that flex-time and telecommuting significantly influence employee normative commitment while sharing did not significantly influence employee normative commitment. The study concludes that flexi-time, job-sharing and telecommuting jointly significantly influenced employee normative commitment. Therefore, the study recommends among others that there should be well detailed policies that will guide both the hospital management and their employees on flexible working arrangements.
Orthopedic Physical Therapy Treatment for Chronic Nontraumatic Atlantoaxial Rotation Subluxation (Grisel Syndrome): A 6-Year-Old Female Case Report
Authors: Deniz Volkan , Kelle Bayram , Hidalgo Benjamin , Özkan Cenk
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Grisel syndrome (GS) is a rare kind of atlantoaxial joint subluxation (AAJS) in children due to infectious or inflammatory processes of the head and neck region. This case report aims to present the orthopedic physical therapy treatment and outcomes of a case with GS.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old girl with AAJS, diagnosed 3 months after a severe bout of tonsillitis, was studied. Her physical examination revealed that cervical spine active range of motions was limited. Computerized tomography showed fixation of the atlantoaxial joint consistent with type II AAJS. The patient was treated with orthopedic physical therapy (ie, a combination of myofascial release, manual traction, a home exercise program, and a cephalo-cervicothoracic splint) for 4 weeks.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: After the treatment, the AAJS decreased, pain and cervical range of motions improved, and a normal posture of the head was regained. At the follow-up periods (in the third and twelfth months), the patient reported no pain during active cervical movements, and the active range of motions was optimal.

DISCUSSION: The significance of this case report lies in the successful management of a conservative treatment approach for GS. The findings obtained in this case study suggest that physical therapy could be a successful option for the treatment of chronic GS. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(4):196–203. Epub: 12 October 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10883
Conservative Management of Cauda Equina Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Dubuc Élisa , Décary Simon , Grenier Julie-Marthe , Gervais-Pépin Kloé , Blanchette Marc-André
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) treatment usually involves immediate consultation for surgical management.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 64-year-old woman exhibiting a 6-monthold progressive low back pain associated with motor weakness (right psoas and quadriceps), hyporeflexia (right patellar, left hamstring, and bilateral Achilles tendons) hypoesthesia on the L2-3 dermatome, and sexual and bowel dysfunction. The patient was referred for a neurosurgical consultation. Surgery was not considered at this time, and the patient was referred to the universitybased chiropractic clinic.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: After 22 treatments, the patient reported a self-perceived percentage of improvement of 80%, a verbal numeric pain-rating scale at 2/10 and a 22% Oswestry score. Her bowel dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, and perineal numbness were resolved.

DISCUSSION: We aim to work in collaboration with surgical teams to conduct shared decisionmaking with patients and offer conservative care for CES if deemed safe and appropriate. Future research should contribute to the identification of CES cases that might benefit from conservative care when surgery is not considered an immediate option. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(4):189–195. Epub: 12 October 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10946
Conservative Management of a Traumatic Rotator Cuff Tear in a Patient With Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Study
Authors: Anders Jonathan
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Rotator cuff pathology is quite common in older adults, but traumatic rotator cuff tears are seen less frequently. The multifaceted nature of rotator cuff tears can make intervention selection challenging. This is especially true for high complexity patients with multiple comorbidities.

CASE PRESENTATION: An elderly female presented with right shoulder pain, active range of motion deficits, and weakness after a fall on an outstretched hand 3 weeks prior. Examination findings pointed toward a likely full-thickness rotator cuff tear. Balance testing also indicated that the patient was a significant fall risk due to balance deficits. The patient also had many comorbidities, such as poorly controlled type II diabetes, that restricted invasive treatment options.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Right shoulder active range of motion and strength greatly improved over the 14 weeks the patient was in physical therapy. Her self-rated disability greatly decreased during this time. These improvements were maintained at the 6-month follow-up. The patent continued to report falls, but at a reduced rate postdischarge from physical therapy.

DISCUSSION: The outcomes of this case report suggest that there are potential benefits of individualizing established and evidenced-based protocols. The multicenter orthopaedic outcomes network (MOON) exercises were the basis of her rehabilitation. It was modified to the patient's specific capabilities and needs throughout her plan of care. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(4):181–188. Epub: 17 October 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.10990
The Use of Spinal High-Velocity Thrust Manipulation and Changes in Serratus Anterior Strength in an Individual With Long Thoracic Nerve Palsy: A Case Report
Authors: Wise Christopher H. , Arnone James
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: Spinal manipulation may produce neurophysiologic effects by stimulating central control mechanisms that result in an increase in strength. The purpose of this case report was to observe changes in serratus anterior (SA) strength in an individual with long thoracic nerve palsy who received spinal manipulation and exercise.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 28-year-old female with diagnosis of long thoracic nerve palsy with SA weakness was seen for 8 visits for spinal manipulation, followed by 15 weeks of scapulothoracic stabilization exercise.

OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: Immediate and short-term (20 weeks) improvement in SA strength was reported. Scapular posture and dyskinesis improved, but deficits persisted.

DISCUSSION: Although cause and effect cannot be established, manipulation followed by resistance training may have an impact on strength deficits resulting from peripheral nerve injury but appears to be insufficient in the amelioration of scapular dyskinesis. JOSPT Cases 2022;2(4):248–254. Epub: 12 October 2022. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2022.11177
Perfil alimentar e nutricional de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista
Authors: Santos Nayra Andressa Silva dos , Magalhães Magnólia de Jesus Sousa , Michalski Solange De Fátima Meotti , Silva Raphael Júnior Assunção , Silva Polyanna Sousa , Silva Laurenir Barroso da , Gomes Felipe Grisoste
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil alimentar e nutricional de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de natureza aplicada, de caráter transversal descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa. A pesquisa foi realizada em um município do Estado do Maranhão e o local de realização da pesquisa foi à associação de pais e amigos excepcionais (APAE). Participaram desta pesquisa pais ou responsáveis de crianças de 3 a 10 anos, com transtorno do espectro autista. Utilizou-se um questionário presencial e foi aferidos peso e estatura das crianças. Resultados: Os resultados desse estudo apontam que há uma prevalência maior de TEA no sexo masculino (82,35%) e o excesso de peso está presente com uma frequência maior dentre os indivíduos (55,88%). O consumo de guloseimas, salgadinhos, macarrão instantâneo, bebidas adoçadas e ultraprocessados estiveram presentes na alimentação da maioria das crianças. Porém houve consumo de frutas e verduras em 52,95% da amostra. A pesquisa ainda demonstrou na análise estatística associação entre seletividade alimentar e a sensibilidade sensorial (p<0,001). Conclusão: Visto o estado nutricional e as características alimentares apresentadas nas crianças do estudo e em outros estudos, faz-se necessário uma intervenção multiprofissional adequada, para acompanhamento da alimentação e desenvolvimento da criança.
Frequency of EGFR mutation and EML4-ALK fusion genes in patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Chowdhry Mohit , Mishra Manoj
Published: August 2024

Lung cancer ranks among the top causes of mortality worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of cases. Advances in genomics have identified potential biomarkers to predict therapeutic strategies in lung cancer. Despite the availability of targeted drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, a substantial proportion of patients still experience problems such as drug resistance. Mutations in genes like epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and EML4ALK have already been established with altered clinical outcomes in NSCLC patients. With a focus on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),the study was conducted at indraprastha apollo hospital in new delhi. With their informed agreement, 90 patients who were admitted between january 2012 and december 2015 and who had been diagnosed with fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)/biopsy utilizing computed tomography (CT) guidance were included in the study. Excluded from the study were those receiving radiation therapy or chemotherapy concurrently. Information on age, gender, a thorough medical history, a history of smoking, and any additional co-morbidities were taken from medical records. Investigation of EGFR mutation and EML4-ALK gene fusion in NSCLC patients was done. Eleven (11% ) were positive and (89%) were negative for EGFR mutations. The positive cases were analyzed for exon 19 deletion and exon 21 (L858R) substitution and found positive for (60%) and (40%) of cases, respectively. Amongst 90 EGFR-negative patients, 4 (4.4%) had the EML4-ALK fusion gene, while 86 (95.5%) were negative for EML4-ALK. This study’s EML4-ALK fusion gene incidence was only (4%). Females have a higher occurrence of EGFR mutations than males (p=0.003) and the frequency of EGFR mutation was higher in non-smokers. The overall incidence of the EML4-ALK fusion gene was (4.44%) and was higher in patients below 60 years of age.
An unusual etiology of Globus pharyngeus – the Killian–Jamieson diverticulum
Authors: Iype Geethu Rachel , Jacob Bichu , Titus Danny Jose , Philip Sujith
Published: August 2024

Mucosal outpouching between the muscles of the pharynx and proximal esophagus are known as pharyngoesophageal diverticula. These are rare acquired causes of dysphagia and globus sensation in the middle aged and elderly. This report is about a gentleman who presented with globus pharyngeus. Globus pharyngeus or feeling of lump in throat is a common presenting complaint. This is usually due to gastroesophageal reflux disease or psychosocial factors including stress in most cases. However, in this case on investigation, he was found to have a symptomatic Killian–Jamieson diverticulum. This is one of the rarer types of cricopharyngeal diverticula and a cause of globus pharyngeus. He was treated surgically by a transcervical stapled diverticulectomy. A cricopharyngeal diverticulum should be thought of in the differential diagnosis of cause of globus pharyngeus.
Efficacy and safety of Ibalizumab for the treatment of HIV-1 infected patients: A systematic review
Authors: Murthy Aravind Baskar , Palaniappan Vijayasankar , Karthikeyan Kaliaperumal , Mohan Reenaa , Mary J. Jenifer Florence
Published: August 2024

Objectives:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a significant global health concern, due to the emerging complexity in the management of infection. The emergence of novel therapeutic agents, such as ibalizumab, has provided a ray of hope for individuals living with HIV. This systematic review provides a comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and safety of ibalizumab for the treatment of HIV-1-infected patients.

Material and Methods:

Using online medical literature databases and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, four of the 86 articles met the acceptance criteria to be analyzed. Details such as author name, year of publication, demographic characteristics, mode, and dose of drug administration, duration of treatment, comparator if any, baseline CD4 counts, and viral load, change in CD4 count and viral load, and the adverse events were noted in the studies.

Results:

The total number of patients enrolled in each study ranged from 22 to 82 with a median age ranging from 39 to 53. Except for the open-label dose-ranging cohort study, baseline CD4 counts and post-intervention CD4 counts were assessed in all the studies. The patients who received a higher dose of ibalizumab showed an early significant rise in CD4+T-cell count at week 16 and week 48. Although the viral reduction after ibalizumab injection increases from the dose of 3 mg/kg, it was noted that beyond 10mg/kg the viral load reduction was not increasing proportionately with 25 mg/kg. The adverse effects encountered among the four studies ranged from 45% to 91%. The commonly observed adverse effects were headache, diarrhea, nausea, fatigue, somnolence, and rash.

Conclusion:

Ibalizumab demonstrates promise as a therapeutic option for individuals with multidrug-resistant HIV-1. Its unique mechanism of action and positive impact on viral load reduction and CD4 cell counts make it a valuable addition to the armamentarium of HIV treatment options.