bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Touch-evoked traveling waves establish a translaminar spacetime code
Authors: Gonzales Daniel L. , Khan Hammad F. , Keri Hayagreev V. S. , Yadav Saumitra , Steward Christopher , Muller Lyle E. , Pluta Scott R. , Jayant Krishna
Published: January 2025

Linking sensory-evoked traveling waves to underlying circuit patterns is critical to understanding the neural basis of sensory perception. To form this link, we performed simultaneous electrophysiology and two-photon calcium imaging through transparent NeuroGrids and mapped touch-evoked traveling waves and underlying microcircuit dynamics. In awake mice, both passive and active whisker touch elicited traveling waves within and across barrels, with a fast early component followed by a late wave that lasted hundreds of milliseconds poststimulus. Notably, late waves were modulated by perceived value and predicted behavioral choice in a two-whisker discrimination task. We found that the late wave feature was (i) modulated by motor feedback, (ii) differentially engaged a sparse ensemble reactivation pattern across layer 2/3, which a balanced-state network model reconciled via feedback-induced inhibitory stabilization, and (iii) aligned to regenerative layer 5 apical dendritic Ca
2+
events. Our results reveal that translaminar spacetime patterns organized by cortical feedback support sparse touch-evoked traveling waves.
Trogocytosis of chimeric antigen receptors between T cells is regulated by their transmembrane domains
Authors: Barbera Stefano , Schuiling Matthijs J. A. , Sanjaya Nathaniel A. , Pietilä Ilkka , Sarén Tina , Essand Magnus , Dimberg Anna
Published: January 2025

Trogocytosis is an exchange of membrane-associated molecules between cells that can either halt or boost immune responses. However, the mechanism that regulates trogocytosis in T cells and its consequences are not yet clear. Here, we demonstrate that T cells can exchange chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) by trogocytosis, thereby arming recipient T cells with the capacity to respond to tumor antigens by up-regulating proteins associated with a cytotoxic response and killing of target cells. We demonstrate that although trogocytosis is dependent on cell-cell contact, the exchange of a specific cell membrane protein does not require a cognate binding partner on the surface of recipient cells. Instead, the probability that a protein is exchanged by trogocytosis is determined by its transmembrane domain. This finding opens new avenues for modulating this process in CAR-T cells.
A qualitative study exploring the feasibility and acceptability of computerised adaptive testing to assess and monitor children and young people’s mental health in primary care settings in the UK
Authors: Lan William , Anderson Joanna , Stochl Jan , Jones Peter B , Ford Tamsin , Burn Anne-Marie
Published: January 2025

Background

The increasing prevalence of mental health disorders among adolescents highlights the importance of early identification and intervention. Artemis-A is a web-based application of computerised adaptive testing (CAT), originally developed for secondary schools, to quickly and efficiently assess students’ mental health. Due to its speed, reliability and accessibility, it may be a valuable tool for healthcare practitioners (HCPs) working with children and young people (CYP) in primary, community and potentially secondary care settings in the future.

Objective

To explore whether Artemis-A would be a useful, feasible and acceptable tool for HCPs working in primary and community care settings to identify CYP’s mental health difficulties.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted with 20 HCPs: 5 general practitioners, 5 Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) staff, 5 school nurses and 5 community paediatricians. Data were analysed using the Framework approach.

Findings

HCPs reported that Artemis-A has the potential to enhance mental health assessment and aid overburdened services by providing a quick, patient-centred assessment and monitoring mechanism. Benefits of the app include facilitating earlier intervention and appropriate referrals. However, some concerns emerged about safety netting and the way Artemis-A presents its information. Responsibilities for ensuring care continuity also require careful clarification.

Conclusions

With proper protocols and integration, Artemis-A could prove valuable in supporting HCPs to promptly detect mental health issues in CYP. Further research into optimal implementation is warranted.

Clinical implications

If paired with effective evidence-based interventions, the implementation of Artemis-A could help manage escalating demands in CAMHS.
What’s in a name? Memory NK cells for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Judge Sean J , Purl Megan C , Murphy William J , Canter Robert J
Published: January 2025

The discovery that natural killer (NK) cells can retain features of “memory” from previous stimulation and pathogen exposure was a landmark advance highlighting one of many ways in which NK cells of the innate immune system resemble T cells of the adaptive immune system. This ability to “remember” prior stimulation to bring about enhanced protection of the host sparked significant excitement regarding potential therapeutic applications. Yet, how closely the features of naïve and memory NK cells recapitulate those of T cells remains unclear. Nonetheless, despite unresolved questions about the immunobiology of naïve and memory NK cells, the application of memory NK cells to the clinic for cancer and other indications has gathered steam to meet the unmet need for novel immunotherapies. Recent work from Arellano-Ballesteroet alhighlights this evolving field and the current state of the art with memory NK cells. Application of these cells to the clinic is progressing with promising results, but important questions remain about the essential molecular, phenotypic, and functional characteristics that define a memory NK cell.
Long-term safety and sustained efficacy of bimekizumab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (radiographic axial spondyloarthritis): 5-year results from BE AGILE (phase 2b) and its open-label extension
Authors: Deodhar Atul , Navarro-Compán Victoria , Poddubnyy Denis , Gensler Lianne S , Ramiro Sofia , Tomita Tetsuya , Marzo-Ortega Helena , Fleurinck Carmen , Vaux Thomas , Massow Ute , de Peyrecave Natasha , van der Heijde Désirée , Baraliakos Xenofon
Published: January 2025

Objective

Assess long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of bimekizumab in ankylosing spondylitis (radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA)).

Methods

Patients with active r-axSpA completing the dose-ranging 48-week randomised controlled trial could enrol in the open-label extension, where patients received bimekizumab 160 mg every 4 weeks. Safety (exposure-adjusted incidence rates/100 patient-years (EAIRs)) and efficacy outcomes (binary: non-responder imputation (NRI) and observed case (OC); continuous: multiple imputation (MI)) are presented through 256 weeks.

Results

From Weeks 0–256, 289/303 (95.4%) patients had ≥1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE); most frequent were nasopharyngitis (21.8%) and upper respiratory tract infection (14.5%). The EAIR of fungal infections was 7.4 (Candidainfections: 2.6; oral candidiasis: 2.2); none systemic. EAIR of serious infections was 1.4; no active tuberculosis was reported. Active inflammatory bowel disease and anterior uveitis EAIRs were 0.8 and 0.7, respectively. 202/303 (66.7%) patients completed Week 256. 42 (13.9%) patients discontinued treatment due to TEAEs.

Efficacy at Week 48 was maintained for 5 years. At Week 256, NRI analysis showed 49.7% (OC: 73.1%) and 41.6% (OC: 71.1%) of patients achieved Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society 40% (ASAS40) response and Axial Spondyloarthritis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) low disease activity, respectively. Mean (SE; MI) ASDAS improved from 3.9 (0.1) at baseline to 2.1 (0.1) at Week 48, which was maintained to Week 256. Improvements in pain, fatigue, physical function and health-related quality of life were sustained.

Conclusions

The safety profile of bimekizumab after 5 years of treatment remained consistent with previous reports, with no new safety signals identified. 5-year efficacy was sustained in this r-axSpA population following robust disease control achieved at Week 48.

Trial registration numbers

NCT02963506;NCT03355573.
Research on Contract Audit Automation System Based on Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Dan , Zhang Yi , Liu Min , Cheng Qinghua , Li Hanxun
Published: January 2025

An audit of a contract is a type of review that takes place intending to ascertain whether one or both parties of a contract have complied with the provisions of a contract or not. New contract risks and volumes in various businesses have led to increased audit requirements in terms of ability, efficiency, and sophistication. Standard contract auditing can be described as tedious, manual, imprecise, and time-consuming. This research work also introduces the Contract Audit Automation System, which has incorporated the use of a neural network. In this study, we introduce a new beetle swarm-optimized adaptive long and short-term memory model (BSO-ALSTM), which can improve the efficiency of contract auditing. Data about contracts are collected from different companies including in the fields of finance and purchasing. The proposed methodology involves further analysis of the contract text and extraction of relevant phrases through natural language processing (NLP). Tokenization was used in analyzing the data to help isolate important aspects of the data. The proposed method is compared with other traditional algorithms to analyze its performance. The results attest that the proposed method has offered enhancements in audit speed and accuracy as compared to other algorithms. This research focuses on ways through which the technologies can be adapted to support contract management and auditing, a solution that can be replicated and adapted to meet different industry requirements.
Enhancing English Learning Through Adaptive Assessment and Feedback System Driven by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Song Lihua , Gao Jing , Zhao Xin
Published: January 2025

Background: Technology integration has revolutionized traditional teaching methods in the ever-changing field of education, especially in language learning. The development of AI has created new opportunities for individualized education by allowing customized learning experiences that meet the needs of each learner.

Objective: The research aims to investigate how an AI-driven adaptive assessment and feedback system can improve English learning outcomes. This study integrates real-time feedback creation with automated essay scoring to address the problems of conventional evaluation techniques.

Methods: This research gathers a diverse student essay from various educational institutions to ensure a broad range of themes, writing styles, and skill levels. The data is clean using duplicate removal, pre-processed through text filtering and tokenization, and features extracted using Bag of [Formula: see text]-Grams and Word2vec for word sequence patterns. The Seq2Seq model feedback generation algorithm aims to deliver feedback that is contextually appropriate and semantically meaningful. This study proposed a novel RO-ERNN to predict the quality of essays and improve English language learning outcomes through effective evaluation and feedback. RO optimizes model performance, which leads to more reliable assessments of students’ writing skills and provides accurate predictions of essay quality. ERNN generates meaningful feedback for students.

Results: The findings show that the Seq2Seq approach produces feedback that improves learners’ understanding of language components. The study evaluates Accuracy (98.91%), vocabulary retention rate (80%) proficiency level gain (90%), feedback accuracy (95%), [Formula: see text](97.780%), [Formula: see text]1-score (97.50%), recall (95.40%), and precision (96.50%) demonstrating its potential to optimize language acquisition and learner performance.

Conclusion: This research has significant consequences for teachers and students, creating new opportunities for technological innovation in English language learning that are more efficient and interesting.
“Energy for Free” in Resonance Electrical Circuits
Authors: Flomenbom Ophir
Published: January 2025

In this work, we introduce a resonance electrical circuit producing effectively a power, [Formula: see text], much greater than the PSU power, [Formula: see text], that operates it; the additional energy is attributed to the entropic effect of the spins of electrons in the circuit wires, that is regenerated during the resonance and the PSU cycles. (The PSU is the commercial neon sign driver operating at 30[Formula: see text]kHz.)

The application (for example, a train of LED bulbs) is placed in between the two ends of the electrical resonance part of the circuit; the circuit can power many more light bulbs than just the PSU can. The reason that the coefficient of performance (COP), COP [Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text], is larger than 1 is that the electrical signal is in a resonance that does not decay at all at the PSU frequency f of 30[Formula: see text]kHz. This behavior is a function of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]; it complements and is independent of the spark gap grounding circuits.

A 40-W PSU can power through the circuit 30 LED bulbs in a series, each of 12[Formula: see text]W, and so COP ≤ 9. The circuit can power a controller module, and a step-down transformer. The performance scales with [Formula: see text], is weak for the 25-W PSU and improves with the increase in [Formula: see text]. Yet, also, increasing [Formula: see text] effectively increases both A and V (V for volts and A for amperage) and keeping A low masks the full power of the effect. We derive the formula for the additional energy [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], with coefficients that might also depend on [Formula: see text] and V, introducing nonlinear effects.
SOEDiff: Efficient Distillation for Small Object Editing
Authors: Wu Yiming , Pan Qihe , Zhao Zhen , Wang Zicheng , Long Sifan , Liang Ronghua
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we delve into a new task known as small object editing (SOE), which focuses on text-based image inpainting within a constrained, small-sized area. Despite the remarkable success have been achieved by current image inpainting approaches, their application to the SOE task generally results in failure cases such as
Object Missing, Text-Image Mismatch, and Distortion
. These failures stem from the limited use of small-sized objects in training datasets and the downsampling operations employed by U-Net models, which hinders accurate generation. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a novel training-based approach, SOEDiff, aimed at enhancing the capability of baseline models like StableDiffusion in editing small-sized objects while minimizing training costs. Specifically, our method involves two key components:
SO-LoRA
, which efficiently fine-tunes low-rank matrices, and
Cross-scale score distillation
, which leverages high-resolution predictions from the pre-trained teacher diffusion model. Our method presents significant improvements on the test dataset collected from MSCOCO and OpenImage, validating the effectiveness of our proposed method in small object editing. In particular, when comparing SOEDiff with SD-I model on the
OpenImage-small-val
dataset, we observe a 0.99 improvement in CLIP-Score and a reduction of 2.87 in FID.
Progesterone sulfates are enterohepatically recycled and stimulate G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1-mediated gut hormone release
Authors: Mitchell Alice L. , Tough Iain R. , Fan Hei Man , Lovgren-Sandblom Anita , Ovadia Caroline , Chambers Jenny , Fonseca Pedro Patricia , Tsakmaki Anastasia , Bewick Gavin A. , Marschall Hanns-Ulrich , Cox Helen M , Williamson Catherine
Published: January 2025

Sulfated progesterone metabolites (PMxS) increase during gestation and are raised further in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), a disorder characterised by pruritus and elevated serum bile acids. PMxS interact with bile acid receptor G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1) to cause itch. We investigated whether PMxS could undergo enterohepatic recycling and stimulate intestinal GPBAR1-mediated release of gut hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). PMxS were quantified in pre-/postprandial serum samples (n=21) and feces (n=18) by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in prospectively recruited third trimester of pregnancy outpatients with uncomplicated pregnancy or ICP. Ussing chambers were used to evaluate colonic ion secretion changes (ΔIsc) in wildtype, GPBAR1-/-, and PYY-/- mice by PMxS metabolites, PM3S and PM5S, and in wildtype mice with or without apical sodium bile acid transporter (ASBT) inhibition (n=6/condition). PM3S/PM5S stimulation of GLP-1 release from wildtype and GPBAR1-/- murine crypts and human colonoids was measured by ELISA (n=3). Serum PMxS increase postprandially in women with ICP but are unaltered in uncomplicated pregnancies. PMxS are present in feces. Apical and basolateral PM3S and PM5S stimulated PYY-mediated -ΔIsc in wildtype (p<0.01) but not GPBAR1-/- or PYY-/- colons. PM3S and PM5S caused GLP-1 secretion in murine crypts and human colonoids (p<0.001). ASBT inhibition blunted -ΔIsc by 68% after apical PM3S and PM5S addition (p<0.001). Serum PMxS, elevated in women with ICP and particularly postprandially, can undergo ASBT-mediated intestinal reuptake and activate GPBAR1 to stimulate gut hormone release. PMxS may therefore augment GPBAR1-mediated metabolic responses during pregnancy.
P2 purinergic receptors at the heart of pathological left ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Vinhais da Silva Ana Valéria , Chesseron Simon , Benouna Oumnia , Rollin Jérôme , Roger Sébastien , Bourguignon Thierry , Chadet Stéphanie , Ivanes Fabrice
Published: January 2025

Pathological left ventricular remodeling is a complex process following an acute myocardial infarction, leading to architectural disorganization of the cardiac tissue. This phenomenon is characterized by sterile inflammation and the exaggerated development of fibrotic tissue, which is noncontractile and poorly conductive, responsible for organ dysfunction and heart failure. At present, specific therapies are lacking for both prevention and treatment of this condition, and no biomarkers are currently validated to identify at-risk patients. Physiopathological understanding of this process is limited, probably due to the combination of the multicellular responses involved that are initially necessary for tissue healing but may be detrimental in the longer term. Current research focuses on understanding and modulating the inflammatory response, a key aspect of the tissue healing process. Inflammation is triggered by the release of inflammatory mediators from cardiomyocytes undergoing cell death in the context of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Among them, extracellular ATP is a strong mediator of inflammation through the activation of P2 purinergic receptors, regulating the behavior of all the cellular actors of the postmyocardial infarction response and impacting organ function and recovery. Rather than considering each cellular protagonist independently, this review provides an integrated overview of the inflammatory and tissue response to myocardial infarction by members of the P2 receptor family. Finally, it explores the possibility of reducing pathological left ventricular remodeling through the modulation of these receptors and their associated signaling pathways.
In vivo effects of cardiomyocyte-specific β-1 blockade on afterload- and frequency-dependent cardiac performance
Authors: Numata Genri , Otsu Yu , Nakamura Shun , Toyoda Masayuki , Tokiwa Hiroyuki , Adachi Yusuke , Kariya Taro , Sueo Kota , Shigeta Mayo , Abe Takaya , Sasano Tetsuo , Naito Atsuhiko , Komuro Issei , Takimoto Eiki
Published: January 2025

Although the benefits of β-1 adrenergic receptor (ADRB1) blockade to cardiovascular disease are established, in vivo role for cardiomyocyte ADRB1 remains undetermined. Generating cardiomyocyte-specific ADRB1 knockout mice, we show that ADRB1 is pivotal to cardiac functional recovery from afterload elevation and heart rate-dependent functional enhancement as well as baseline performance. Our findings highlight the importance of cardiomyocyte ADRB1 in cardiac stress adaptability, which is of clinical importance in the management of patients on β-blockers.
Engineered hydrogel biomaterials facilitate lung progenitor cell differentiation from induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Tanneberger Alicia E. , Blomberg Rachel , Bilousova Ganna , Ryan Amy L. , Magin Chelsea M.
Published: January 2025

Standard iPSC differentiation protocols rely on Matrigel, a basement membrane extract from mouse sarcoma cells that is poorly defined and exhibits significant batch-to-batch variation. Due to these limitations, Matrigel-derived products have never been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. This study introduces a novel method for differentiating iPSCs into lung progenitor cells using well-defined hydrogel substrates. These biomaterials not only enhance differentiation efficiency but also streamline the regulatory pathway, facilitating their potential therapeutic application.
Impact of Successive Sets of High-Intensity Leg Press on Cerebral Hemodynamics Across Menstrual Cycle Phases
Authors: Allison Elric Y. , Borhani Matin , D'Souza Alysha C. , Ismayilov Huseyn A. , Wilson Brandan , Mei Yixue , Brassard Patrice , Phillips Stuart M. , Al-Khazraji Baraa K.
Published: January 2025

This study examined how successive sets of high-intensity leg press (LP) resistance exercise impact the cerebral pressure-flow relationship in untrained males and eumenorrheic females not taking oral contraceptives, and assessed how menstrual cycle (MC) phase influences the cerebral pressure-flow relationship and cerebral hemodynamics (middle cerebral artery blood velocity; MCAv; via transcranial Doppler ultrasound) during and after LP exercise in females. Young adults (11M;11F) performed three sets of leg-press exercises at 90% of their 1-repetition maximum. Data from males and females in early follicular phase were pooled together. Directional sensitivity of the cerebral pressure-flow relationship was calculated as the ratio of rate of changes in MCAv and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (ΔMCAvT/ΔMAPT) per transition between eccentric and concentric muscular contractions during each repetition of LP exercise. ΔMCAvT/ΔMAPT was higher during concentric than eccentric phases ( p<0.001) in males and early follicular phase (EF) females. There were no effects of successive leg press sets on any systemic or cerebral hemodynamic measures. MC phase affected directional sensitivity and cerebral hemodynamics, with greater responses in the mid-luteal (ML) phase than EF. We observed a MAP direction by MC phase interaction on relative directional sensitivity, with greater sensitivity during concentric contractions in the ML phase ( p=0.02). Our results suggest successive sets of LP exercise do not impact the cerebral pressure-flow relationship or cerebral hemodynamics during and immediately following LP exercise. MC phase appears to influence the cerebral pressure-flow relationship and cerebral hemodynamics both during and following LP exercise, mediated by vasoprotective effects of increased estrogen concentration in the ML phase compared to EF.
Tertiary lymphoid structures are associated with enhanced macrophage activation and immune checkpoint expression, and predict outcome in cervical cancer
Authors: Gorvel Laurent , Panouillot Marylou , Rouvière Marie-Sarah , Billon Emilien , Fattori Stéphane , Sonongbua Jumaporn , Boucherit Nicolas , Ben Amara Amira , Quilichini Olivia , Granjeaud Samuel , Degos Clara , Nunès Jacques A. , Carcopino Xavier , Lambaudie Eric , Chrétien Anne-Sophie , Sabatier Renaud , Dieu-Nosjean Marie-Caroline , Olive Daniel
Published: January 2025

Cervical tumors are usually treated using surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, and would benefit from immunotherapies. However, the immune microenvironment in cervical cancer remains poorly described. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) were recently described as markers for better immunotherapy response and overall better prognosis in cancer patients. We evaluated the cervical tumor immune microenvironment, specifically focusing on TLS, using combined high-throughput phenotyping, soluble factor concentration dosage in the TME and spatial interaction analyses. We found that TLS presence was associated with a more inflammatory soluble microenvironment, with the presence of B cells as well as more activated macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, this myeloid cell activation was associated with expression of immune checkpoints, such as PD-L1 and CD40, and proximity of activated conventional type 2 DCs (DC2) to CD8+ T cells, indicating better immune interactions and tumor control. Finally, we associated TLS presence, greater B cell density, and activated DC density with improved progression-free survival, substantiating TLS presence as a potential prognostic marker. Our results provide evidence that TLS presence denotes cell activation and immunotherapy target expression.
Characterization of Macular Fundus Autofluorescence Changes in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Khan Muhammad Jehanzeb , Rustam Zainab , Aamir Faiqa Binte , Miranda Maria Chairez , Shaikh Imad , Akhlaq Anam , Liu Jiawen , Singh Mandeep , Kong Xiangrong , Campochiaro Peter A.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: To characterize fundus autofluorescence (AF) changes that occur in the macula of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).
Methods: We conducted a case series on ninety-nine patients with RP. Features seen on fundus AF images were evaluated, organized into a grading scheme and correlated with ellipsoid zone (EZ) width. Patterns of AF changes occurring in the macula and correlation with EZ width.
Results: Four primary fundus AF phenotypes were identified: (1) hyperAF arc, (2) hyperAF ring, (3) hyperAF ring with abnormal hyperAF within the ring, and (4) central hyperAF. The second phenotype was most common and had 3 subgroups, hyperAF rings within the macula, those extending outside the macula, and incomplete rings. HyperAF rings were also characterized as narrow or wide with wide rings having a greater amount of hyperAF. Linear Mixed-Effects Model showed mean measured EZ width was significantly greater for phenotype 1 versus each of the other 3 phenotypes (p<0.01) and for phenotype 2 versus phenotypes 3 and 4 (p<0.05), and also differed among phenotype 2 subgroups (p<0.05). Other AF characteristics identified were focal posterior distinct or indistinct hypoAF which sometimes formed complete or incomplete hypoAF rings surrounding a hyperAF ring, diffuse or focal hyperAF outside hyperAF rings, and the amount of encroachment of peripheral hypoAF.
Conclusion: A grading scheme for macular AF features in patients with RP identified phenotypes that correlate with stage of disease based upon EZ width. Longitudinal studies are needed to test whether presumed early AF phenotypes evolve into later phenotypes. Use of the grading scheme for patient populations in interventional trials could help to determine if any of the defined AF features provide predictive value for therapeutic responses.
Minimal Change Podocytopathy with Coexistent Thin Glomerular Basement Membrane Following Exposure to Semaglutide
Authors: Kovvuru Karthik , Kanduri Swetha Rani , Phillips Johnathon , Velez Juan Carlos
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are FDA approved for weight loss and are increasingly prescribed for patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Multiple studies have demonstrated desirable renal and cardio-vascular benefits from these novel agents. So far, a few case reports of acute tubular injury and acute Interstitial nephritis have been reported with GLP-1RA. Podocytopathies in association with semaglutide are rare. In this case report, we present a case of nephrotic syndrome that developed after exposure to semaglutide and propose potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this rare renal complication.

Case Presentation: Herein, we report a novel case of a 43-year-old female who was evaluated in the nephrology clinic for abrupt onset of bilateral lower extremity edema and foamy urine, a few weeks after exposure to semaglutide. She was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome and subsequently underwent a kidney biopsy, which revealed features suggestive of minimal change disease, along with coexistent thin basement membrane disease.
Conclusion: GLP1-RAs have been increasingly prescribed due to their proven pleiotropic benefits, including improvements in albuminuria, glycemic control, weight loss, and cardioprotective effects. Despite the considerable benefits of GLP-1 RAs, it is essential to recognize novel side effects.
Kognitive Vorteile im Alter durch Kataraktoperation
Authors: Siebelmann Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Topic: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to clarify the association of cataract surgery with cognitive impairment and dementia. Clinical Relevance: The association between vision impairment and cognitive decline is well-established. However, the cognitive benefits of cataract surgery are less clear. Given the lack of cure for dementia, identifying modifiable risk factors is key in caring for patients with cognitive deficits. Methods: The study was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception through October 11, 2022, for studies reporting the effect of cataract surgery on cognitive impairment and dementia. We pooled maximally adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for dichotomous outcomes and ratio of means (RoM) for continuous outcomes using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was examined using sensitivity and subgroup analyses. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale, Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) guidelines. Results: This review included 24 articles comprising 558 276 participants, of which 19 articles were analyzed qualitatively. The bias of studies ranged from low to moderate, and GRADE extended from very low to low. Cataract surgery was associated with a 25% reduced risk of long-term cognitive decline compared with those with uncorrected cataracts (HR, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72–0.78). This cognitive benefit was seen across various cognitive outcomes and remained robust to sensitivity analyses. Participants who underwent cataract surgery showed a similar risk of long-term cognitive decline as healthy controls without cataracts (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.66–1.06). Additionally, cataract surgery was associated with a 4% improvement in short-term cognitive test scores among participants with normal cognition (RoM, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94–0.99), but no significant association was observed among participants with preexisting cognitive impairment. Discussion: Cataract surgery may be associated with a lower risk of cognitive impairment and dementia, and cataract-associated vision impairment may be a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline. Physicians should be aware of the cognitive sequelae of cataracts and the possible benefits of surgery. The cognitive benefits of cataract surgery should be investigated further in randomized trials.
Effects of chemotherapy( Anthracyclin, Cyclophosphamide following docetaxel regimen) on sleep, anxiety, depression
and quality of life in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Ju Suhyun , Jung Youn Joo , Lee Seungju , Kang Seok Kyeong , Ryu Miri , Kim Jee Yeon , Nam Kyung Jin , Lee Kyeyoun , Joo Ji Hyeon , Jeon Youngkyung , Kim Jae Joon , Kim Ji Hoon , Nam Su Bong , Yun Mi Sook , Kim Hyun Yul
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Chemotherapy can cause sleep disorders, anxiety, depression, and decreased quality of life (QoL). This study aimed to compare sleep, anxiety, depression, and QoL during chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer to provide appropriate treatment at the appropriate time.
Methods
This prospective study included patients with breast cancer who received chemotherapy at Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital. We used three self-reporting questionnaires regarding quality of sleep (QoS), anxiety, depression, and QoL. QoL was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, anxiety using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, depression using the Beck Depression Inventory, and QoL using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form. Patients were assessed at the before, after and during chemotherapy.
Results
In total, 55 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 49 completed three self-reporting questionnaires. Anxiety, depression, QoS, and QoL varied during the study. Anxiety, depression, and QoL scores were lowest at the end of chemotherapy (p <0.005). However, QoS scores were lowest at the beginning of chemotherapy (p <0.005). Cancer subtype (triple-negative vs. luminal type), T stage, type of breast surgery (breast-conserving surgery vs. mastectomy), and chemotherapy type (adjuvant vs. neoadjuvant) did not show a relationship with QoL, anxiety, depression, or QoS; however, age exhibited differences in all four areas. Patients aged >50 years experienced more sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, and a decreased QoL. In addition, anxiety was increased during chemotherapy in patients with lymph node metastasis.
Conclusion
Patients with breast cancer experience sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, and low QoL during chemotherapy. During chemotherapy, these symptoms are often overlooked owing to the side effects of chemotherapy. Proper treatment and emotional support will help patients improve their QoL, anxiety, depression, and QoL.
Association between serum iron store biomarkers and all-cause mortality in Japanese patients undergoing hemodialysis: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Nishiwaki Hiroki , Imaizumi Takahiro , Hasegawa Takeshi , Kosugi Takaaki , Maruyama Yukio , Tsuruya Kazuhiko , Ito Yasuhiko , Honda Hirokazu , Abe Masanori , Hanafusa Norio , Kuragano Takahiro
Published: January 2025

Introduction
We evaluated the association between iron-related biomarkers—key indicators of iron metabolism and inflammation, and crucial in the management of anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis—and all-cause mortality. This study aimed to clarify the nuanced relationship between these biomarkers and mortality outcomes, addressing the limitations of traditional cutoff-based analyses.
Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of patients undergoing dialysis across Japan using data from the Japan Renal Database collected between 2019 and 2020. Patients who had been on dialysis for at least 3 months by the end of 2019 were considered eligible. The associations between iron-related biomarkers and all-cause within 1 year were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. The relationship between each biomarker and outcome was illustrated using restricted cubic spline curves, while the combined association of serum ferritin and TSAT with mortality was shown using contour plots.
Results
A total of 215,927 patients were included in the analysis. During the follow-up period, 17,803 (8.24%) deaths were recorded. Contour plots demonstrated increased mortality risk in areas with low ferritin and TSAT levels. Additionally, even in regions with high TSAT levels, there was a trend toward increased mortality risk with increasing ferritin levels. Conversely, in areas with low ferritin levels, there was a trend toward a decreased risk of death.
Conclusions
Our findings highlight the complex interplay between serum ferritin and TSAT levels, emphasizing the limitations of relying on single cutoff values for clinical decision-making. The study underscores the need for individualized approaches to iron management in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Morfologia e histologia do trato digestivo de Protopolybia exigua exigua (Hym., Vespidae) e suas estruturas excretoras anexas
Authors: Caetano Flávio Henrique , Machado Vera Ligia Letizio
Published: January 2025

.
Os gêneros americanos de Psebiini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Authors: Martins Ubirajara R. , Napp Dilma Solange
Published: January 2025

.
Biotic rather than abiotic factors influence ground-dwelling mygalomorph spider assemblages along an altitudinal gradient in the Brazilian semi-arid domain
Authors: Villanueva-Bonilla German Antonio , Azevedo Raul , Araújo Katherine Falcão , Lira André Felipe de Araújo , Sobczak Jober Fernando
Published: January 2025

The species richness of organisms associated with altitudinal gradients tends to decline with increasing altitude, however, this pattern is not observed in mygalomorph. The present study tests the hypothesis that the richness and abundance of ground-dwelling mygalomorph spiders will be positively correlated with the increase in altitude, as well as will be influenced by variation of potential prey along an altitudinal gradient in the Brazilian semi-arid domain. Sampling took place during August 2020 to August 2021, through pitfall traps, totaling 50 traps/area/month. A total of 125 adult individuals belonging to 10 morphospecies were collected along the altitudinal gradient. Theraphosidae was the richest family in morphospecies, the most abundant mygalomorph was Neodiplotele caucaia Gonzalez-Filho, Lucas & Brescovit, 2015, Guyruita sp., and Diplura sanguinea (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896). Our results shows that mygalomorph abundance and species richness were affected by potential prey availability and not by altitude per se. Therefore, our results shows that the biotic (e.g., availability of potential preys) and no abiotic (e.g., elevation) may have a key factor to the mygalomorph spider assemblage modulation along an altitudinal gradient. The study opens precedents for further investigations on the distribution patterns of mygalomorph spiders in the Brazilian semiarid region.
The stream fish fauna of a pristine area in the South Amazon, rio Machado basin, Rondônia
Authors: Zdradek Dihon Leone , Tomaz Fabíola Silva , Ohara Willian Massaharu
Published: January 2025

This study represents an inventory of fish collected in six small tributaries from the rio Tarumã river, in the Jaru Biological Reserve, middle rio Machado, Vale do Anari town, Rondônia, Brazil. The fieldwork was carried in August 2019 and 2021 in streams of up to third order during the low water period, in a 50 m blocked stretch located 1 km upstream of the mouth of the Tarumã river. The sampling effort in each stream was standardized with five people collecting with hand-nets and seine-nets for 2 hours. A total of 2.989 individuals, 64 species, 55 genera, 22 families and seven orders were captured. Seven species not identified at the species level belonging to the Cetopsorhamdia, Hemigrammus, Knodus, Microcharacidium, Paracanthopoma, Pyrrhulina, and Synbranchus, were considered as new. No exotic species was captured. The fish of the orders Characiformes and Siluriformes had the greatest abundance. Characidae was the family with greatest richness of captured species (13 species), being Hyphessobrycon agulha, Hemigrammus bellottii, Apistogramma resticulosa, and Elachocharax pulcher the species with the highest richness and abundance. This study illustrates the fish composition in a pristine area from the rio Machado and will serve as a baseline for future studies in view of the rapid replacement of forests in production systems of southern Amazonia.
Diversity and distribution of aquatic beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) in Brazilian caves based on the Zoological Collection of the Laboratório de Estudos Subterrâneos (LES) of the Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar)
Authors: Zepon Tamires , Silva Roberta Mafra Freitas da , Bichuette Maria Elina
Published: January 2025

Water beetles are taxonomically diverse and can colonize different environments. Sixteen families occur in Brazil, most of which have already been recorded in caves. This study presents the diversity and distribution of aquatic coleopterans in Brazilian caves based on the material deposited in the Zoological Collection of the Laboratório de Estudos Subterrâneos (Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil), as well as information about their microhabitats, including cave zones, substrate, and water flow. A total of ten families (Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Noteridae, Hydroscaphidae, Elmidae, Dryopidae, Hydraenidae, Hydrophilidae, Psephenidae, and Scirtidae) were identified in 46 caves from 12 karst and three non-karst areas. Only one troglobitic species was recorded, a Hydroscaphidae from Serra da Bodoquena karst area. New distribution records are presented, including genera that were recorded for the first time in Brazilian caves: Rhantus, Megadytes and Laccodytes (Dytiscidae), Hydrocanthus (Noteridae), Huleechius (Elmidae), Helichus (Dryopidae), and Hydrophilus (Hydrophilidae). This study also provides new relevant information on the microhabitats occupied by this fauna in caves, since for most of the taxa little information is available in the literature. The findings highlight the importance of studying material deposited in scientific collections.
El desarrollismo militar peruano de los años setenta revisitado desde Uruguay. Una etapa particular en el desarrollo del capitalismo de ese país y la atracción que el "peruanismo" ejerció durante esos años críticos en la región
Authors: Zunino Antonino
Published: January 2025

Este texto propõe uma interpretação do período da história econômica do Peru compreendido entre 1968 e 1975, conhecido como o "progressismo militar" liderado por Velasco Alvarado, e a recepção favorável desse fenômeno no Uruguai daquela época, particularmente entre certos setores da esquerda. A análise apoia-se na literatura acadêmica existente e concentra-se no caráter de classe do governo de Alvarado e na política econômica que implementou. Busca inserir o processo, com suas especificidades, na história econômica latino-americana mais ampla, estabelecendo contrastes com o caso uruguaio. As conclusões enfatizam as diferenças entre as trajetórias e os níveis relativos de desenvolvimento de ambos os países, destacando a impossibilidade de replicar o desenvolvimentismo militar do Peru no Uruguai do início dos anos 1970.
Edifício Jorge Machado Moreira: inventário da materialidade como estratégia para preservação
Authors: Cordeiro Patricia Cavalcante
Published: January 2025

In this article, we present an excerpt from the doctoral thesis recently defended at Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, which proposed to discuss the preservation of modern architecture in a more comprehensive way, expanding knowledge and the necessary attribution of value to the materials and construction technologies that constitute them, expanding their significance beyond artistic value, taking into account its materiality, as a document of its own history. We apply this reflection to the Jorge Machado Moreira building, built to house the National Faculty of Architecture. Present since the first plans conceived for the University City of the former University of Brazil, it is an exquisite project conceived by architect Jorge Machado Moreira and his team, who brings to this project the experience acquired throughout his career, in particular the contact with the team that designed the Ministry of Education and Health, of which he was part, and the influence of Le Corbusier. Improved knowledge of the conformation of this building and its constituent elements presents itself as a first task for any proposal for the conservation andrestoration of this building. To this end, we will present the methods and theoretical references used to inventory the building's covering materials, especially the ceramic element “lajotinha”, its characterization, deterioration process and state of conservation, as a way of creating a framework of information that serves as input for a future Conservation Management Plan for the Jorge Machado Moreira building.
Entrevista com Hiroto Yoshioka
Authors: Costa Eduardo Augusto , Neves Deborah Regina Leal
Published: January 2025

Interview with Hiroto Yoshioka, given to curators Eduardo Augusto Costa and Deborah Regina Leal Neves, for the exhibition “Batalha a preservar: Maria Antônia, 55 anos – fotografias de Hiroto Yoshioka”, on display atthe Centro Universitário Maria Antonia, Universidade de São Paulo, from 27th October, 2023 to 31st March, 2024. In this interview, Hiroto presents his family history until joining Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo. Hehighlights his political involvement with the organization Ação Popular, reports his connexion with the play “Morte e vida severina” and joining Editora Abril, Quatro Rodas magazine. He details the production of photographs of the Battle of Maria Antônia, his presence at the event, and the preservation of the documentation, up to its donation to the CentroUniversitário Maria Antonia.
Documento versus monumento: uma história para ser preservada e uma obra para ser destruída
Authors: Oliveira Raíssa Pereira Cintra de
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, mainly in the São Paulo scenario (Brazil), we follow a series of concessions for the private initiative of managing works considered important landmarks of the city. Without any type of counterpart from the State that preservation, such buidigns are the sense of companies that often do not consider the cultural value a point to be quantified in their interventions, resulting in irreparable losses. The text proposes, based on the example of Parque Anhembi, to report some specific points of the case, but which show the urgency of putting such conduct from a theoretical and practical point of view. Such a review replaces it in a very simplified way, but suggests the urgency of a more qualified discussion in official decisions, which necessarily involves understanding three points: the difference between cultural value and use value, the definition of what is a monument and a historic monument and in understanding what the terms “document” and “monument” mean. It is hoped that at least it will be possible to understand the role of architecture as a material support capable of bringing to light some paths taken in the past and, consequently, as material that feeds our future.