bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Acetal‐Bearing Rearranged Vibsane‐Type Diterpenoids from Viburnum awabuki
Authors: Kubo Miwa , Minoshima Yuka , Arimoto Daiki , Minami Hiroyuki , Harada Kenichi , Hioki Hideaki , Fukuyama Yoshiyasu
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Secoiridoid Di‐Glycosides from Osmanthus ilicifolius
Authors: Sakamoto Shigeaki , Machida Koichi , Kikuchi Masao
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Total Synthesis of (+)‐Valienamine (VIIIa) and (+)‐4‐epi‐Valienamine (VIIIb) via a Ring‐Closing Enyne Metathesis Protocol.
Authors: Krishna Palakodety Radha , Reddy P. Srinivas
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Effective Friedel—Crafts Acylations of O‐ and C‐Arylglycosides with Triflic Acid.
Authors: Hashimoto Makoto , Takahashi Miho
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis and Antitumor Cell Activity of Se‐Containing Nucleosides.
Authors: Lin Lina , Sheng Jia , Momin Razin K. , Du Quan , Huang Zhen
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Lignan Glycosides from Glehnia littoralis
Authors: Kong Wei Xue , Yuan Zhong
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regio‐ and Chemoselective One‐Step 3‐O‐Alkylation of Unprotected Ascorbic Acid Using ω‐Iodoalkanols.
Authors: Muller Thierry , Heuschling Paul , Luu Bang
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Activities of VDR Antagonists; 25‐Modified 1α,25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D3‐26,23‐lactam (DLAM) Derivatives.
Authors: Kato‐Nakamura Yuko , Namekawa Jun‐ichi , Ishizuka Seiichi , Saitoh Hiroshi , Takenouchi Kazuya , Nagasawa Kazuo
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Expeditious Synthesis of Bruguierol A (IVb).
Authors: Fananas Francisco J. , Fernandez Amadeo , Cevic Deniz , Rodriguez Felix
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies Towards the Identification of Novel Capuramycin Analogues with Mycobactericidal Activity.
Authors: Kurosu Michio , Li Kai
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Chaetomellic Anhydride A, a Potent Inhibitor of RAS Protein Farnesyltransferase.
Authors: Yoshimitsu Takehiko , Arano Yoshimasa , Kaji Tomohiro , Ino Tatsunori , Nagaoka Hiroto , Tanaka Tetsuaki
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Related Substances of Cilostazol.
Authors: Zheng Jin , Liu Zheng , Dai Yiru , Zhao Qingjie , Shen Jingshan
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamental Properties of Magnetic Nanostructures: A Survey
Authors: Wu Ruqian
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Effect of Ions on the Structure of Water: Structure Making and Breaking
Authors: Marcus Yizhak
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Review of Electrochemical Hydrogen Sensors
Authors: Korotcenkov Ghenadii , Han Sang Do , Stetter Joseph R.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Germacrenes A—E and Related Compounds: Thermal, Photochemical and Acid Induced Transannular Cyclizations
Authors: Adio Adewale M.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Retrospective on the Design and Synthesis of Novel Molecules Through a Strategic Consideration of Metathesis and Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Mandal Kalyaneswar
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Boom in the Development of Non‐Peptidic β‐Secretase (BACE1) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimer′s Disease
Authors: Silvestri Romano
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sugar Carbamides
Authors: Djamanbaev J. A. , Abdurashitova J. A. , Zaikov G. E.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Azadirachtin — A Chemical Odyssey
Authors: Devakumar C. , Kumar Rajesh
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aryl Selenium Compounds
Authors: Watanabe S. , Kataoka T.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Beyond Reuse in Chiral Immobilized Catalysis: The Bis(oxazoline) Case
Authors: Fraile Jose M. , Garcia Jose I. , Herrerias C. I. , Mayoral Jose A. , Pires E. , Salvatella L.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitroalkanes as Key Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Derivatives
Authors: Ballini Roberto , Petrini Marino
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Heterofunctionalization of Alkenes and Alkynes
Authors: Ide Daniela M. , Eastlund Marie P. , Jupe Casie L. , Stockland Robert A. Jr.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Five‐Membered Ring Systems with O and N Atoms
Authors: Cicchi Stefano , Cordero Franca M. , Giomi Donatella
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Five‐Membered Ring Systems with more than one N Atom
Authors: Yet Larry
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Six‐Membered Ring Systems: Pyridine and Benzo Derivatives
Authors: Fraser Heidi L. , Hopper Darrin W. , Kutterer Kristina M. K. , Crombie Aimee L.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Breast Cancer, Estrogen Receptor and Ligands
Authors: Bai Zhenlin , Gust Ronald
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Critical Material and Process Issues for CO2 Separation from Coal‐Powered Plants
Authors: Liu Wei , King David , Liu Jun , Johnson Brad , Wang Yong , Yang Gary
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Process Interaction
Authors: Verdu J.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymorphism and Crystallization of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Authors: Lu Jie , Rohani Sohrab
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mass Spectrometry as a Tool for Studying Tautomerism
Authors: Furlong J. J. P. , Schiavoni M. Mercedes , Castro E. A. , Allegretti P. E.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: EPR Investigations of Synthetic Manganese Complexes as Biomimics of the Water Oxidation Complex in Photosystem II
Authors: Huang P. , Kurz P. , Styring S.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Saturation Transfer EPR Studies of Slow Rotational Motion in Membranes
Authors: Marsh D.
Published: May 2009

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Cytological criteria to predict basal phenotype of breast carcinomas
Authors: Dufloth Rozany Mucha , Alves Jacy Maria , Martins Diana , Vieira Daniella Serafin Couto , Chikota Horácio , Zeferino Luiz Carlos , Schmitt Fernando
Published: May 2009

Breast carcinoma is a heterogeneous disease. It can be classified into phenotypes based on the expression of certain proteins, with distinct differences in prognosis. The basal phenotype is associated with worse prognosis and it still remains without specific treatment. However, there is currently no international consensus on the cytological criteria that could predict this phenotype. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the cytological criteria in fine‐needle aspiration biopsy and to identify their association with the basal phenotype of breast carcinoma. Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy specimens and tissue sections (mastectomy specimen) from 74 cases of high‐grade invasive ductal breast carcinomas were consecutively retrieved from the files of three institutions. Breast carcinomas were studied using the tissue microarray technique, being classified into phenotypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2 overexpression, and basal. The cytological criteria for all cases were reviewed blindly by two pathologists according to five cytological criteria: cellularity, cell pattern, presence of necrosis, nucleoli, and nuclear atypia. Exact Fisher test was used to test the association between cytological criteria and the phenotypes of breast carcinoma. Necrosis was present in 64.7% of basal breast carcinomas, and 31.1% of nonbasal breast carcinomas, and that result was statistically significant, showing an odds ratio (OR) of 3.80. The basal phenotype, compared with the luminal A, showed more necrosis (OR = 6.97), present/prominent nucleoli (OR = 8.18), and cellularity more frequently (OR = 18.03). Necrosis, as well as present/prominent nucleoli and abundant cellularity are criteria more frequently associated to the basal phenotype of breast carcinoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Significance of promoter hypermethylation of p16 gene for margin assessment in carcinoma tongue
Authors: Sinha Parul , Bahadur S. , Thakar Alok , Matta Ajay , Macha Muzafar , Ralhan Ranju , Gupta S. Datta
Published: May 2009

Background

Loss of p16 expression by promoter hypermethylation has been reported as an early event in the development of oral cancer. The aim of our study was to explore the prognostic implications of presence of promoter hypermethylation of p16 gene in surgical margins in carcinoma tongue.

Methods

A prospective analysis of 38 patients with resectable carcinoma tongue was carried out. DNA from tumor and the surgical margins was assessed by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction. Follow‐up duration was 17 to 37 months.

Results

About 86.8% of tumors showed promoter hypermethylation of p16 gene. Out of 30 patients with histologically free margins, 43.3% showed positivity on molecular assessment. Patients with positive molecular margins had a 6.3‐fold increased risk of having local recurrence as compared to patients with negative margins.

Conclusion

Promoter hypermethylation of p16 gene may serve as a useful molecular marker for predicting local recurrence in carcinoma tongue. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
SERS as a probe for adsorbate orientation on silver nanoclusters
Authors: Fleger Y. , Mastai Y. , Rosenbluh M. , Dressler D. H.
Published: May 2009

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has been used to characterize multilayers of three isomeric aromatic compounds adsorbed on silver nanoclusters. The three structural isomers, all of which adsorb in the carboxylate form onto the silver nanoclusters, bind in two different geometries to the silver surface. Different molecular configurations correlate to differences in bonding strength of these molecules to the silver surface, which can be probed by SERS. For ortho‐hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid), we observed red shifts of major SERS peaks in comparison to the normal Raman vibrations of nonadsorbed crystalline material. For this molecule the steric hindrance between the adjacent carboxylate and hydroxyl groups causes the carboxylate group to rotate from the common flat geometry of benzene substituents on surfaces and bond directly through one of the oxygen atoms to the surface. In this case, strong coordinative bonding between the carboxylate group and the metal surface causes the red shifts in the SERS peaks. For para‐, and meta‐hydroxybenzoic acid, the steric hindrance is less likely since the two functional groups are not at adjacent positions, and therefore these molecules adsorb on the silver surface in a totally flat geometry. For these molecules, in contrast to the ortho isomer, the CO2 interacts with the surface through an extended π bond, and these molecules are physically adsorbed in the common flat position. Therefore, for the meta and para substituents, we do not observe significant red shifts in the SERS spectrum. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular structure, NMR and vibrational spectral analysis of 2,4‐difluorophenol by ab initio HF and density functional theory
Authors: Subramanian M. K. , Anbarasan P. M. , Manimegalai S.
Published: May 2009

Quantum chemical calculations of energies, geometries and vibrational wavenumbers of 2,4‐difluorophenol (2,4‐DFP) were carried out by using ab initio HF and density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) methods with 6‐311G(d,p) as basis set. The optimized geometrical parameters obtained by HF and DFT calculations are in good agreement with related molecules. The best level of theory in order to reproduce the experimental wavenumbers is the B3LYP method with the 6‐311G(d,p) basis set. The difference between the observed and scaled wavenumber values of most of the fundamentals is very small. A detailed interpretation of the infrared and Raman spectra of 2,4‐DFP is also reported. The entropy of the title compound was also performed at HF/6‐311G(d,p) and B3LYP/6‐311G(d,p) levels of theory. The isotropic chemical shift computed by 1H, 13C NMR analyses also shows good agreement with experimental observations. The theoretical spectrograms for FT‐IR and FT‐Raman spectra of the title molecule have been constructed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Should we use laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastases? Scandinavian multicenter study
Authors: Marangos Irina Pavlik , Kazaryan Airazat M. , Rosseland Arne R. , Røsok Bård I. , Carlsen Hege S. , Kromann‐Andersen Bjarne , Brennhovd Bjørn , Hauss Hans J. , Giercksky Karl‐Erik , Mathisen Øystein , Edwin Bjørn
Published: May 2009

Introduction

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastases is considered controversial. Multicenter retrospective study was performed to gain new knowledge in this issue.

Materials and Methods

From January 1997 till November 2008, 41 adrenalectomies were performed during follow‐up of the patients operated for malignant tumors. The median age was 64 (52–77) years. Metastases were confirmed in 31/41 cases. Metastatic lesions were further studied and to define factors influencing on survival, patients were divided to sub‐groups of metachronous/synchronous, tumor origin and tumor size.

Results

The median operative time was 104 (50–230) min, the median blood loss was 100 (0–500) ml. One procedure (3.2%) was converted. There were 3 (10.7%) intraoperative and 2 (7.4%) postoperative complications. The median tumor size was 6 (1.5–16) cm. Pathohistological analysis revealed 12 colorectal, 9 renal cell carcinoma, 5 lung carcinoma, 4 melanoma, and 1 hepatocellular metastases. The resection margin was not free in one case (3.7%). The median hospital stay was 2 (1–21) days. The median length of survival was 29 ± 2.1 months for all patients.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metastases is feasible regardless of their sizes. However these procedures should be performed by highly skilled laparoscopic surgeon in a fully equipped operating room and with a coordinated operation team. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:43–47. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Thiazole constrained analogues of the thevinones: synthesis and structure
Authors: Sipos Attila , Skaliczki Tímea , Berényi Sándor , Antus Sándor
Published: May 2009

A simple synthesis of ring‐constrained endoethenomorphinans possessing 2′‐substituted thiazole ring 4–6 has been achieved by regio‐ and stereoselective Diels–Alder reaction of thiazolomorphinandienes 1–3 and methyl vinyl ketone in high yield (72, 64 and 87%, respectively). The structure of cycloaddition products was determined by high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), IR, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Double‐pulsed field gradient spin‐echo–nOe and HMBC were found to be particularly powerful and indispensable tools in the exact structural elucidation of the presented new class of spatially constrained thevinones. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparative study of feature extraction and blind source separation of independent component analysis (ICA) on childhood brain tumour 1H magnetic resonance spectra
Authors: Hao Jie , Zou Xin , Wilson Martin P. , Davies Nigel P. , Sun Yu , Peet Andrew C. , Arvanitis Theodoros N.
Published: May 2009

Independent component analysis (ICA) has the potential of determining automatically the metabolite signals which make up MR spectra. However, the realiability with which this is accomplished and the optimal approach for investigating in vivo MRS have not been determined. Furthermore, the properties of ICA in brain tumour MRS with respect to dataset size and data quality have not been systematically explored. The two common techniques for applying ICA, blind source separation (BSS) and feature extraction (FE) were examined in this study using simulated data and the findings confirmed on patient data. Short echo time (TE 30 ms), low and high field (1.5 and 3 T) in vivo brain tumour MR spectra of childhood astrocytoma, ependymoma and medulloblastoma were generated by using a quantum mechanical simulator with ten metabolite and lipid components. Patient data (TE 30 ms, 1.5 T) were acquired from children with brain tumours. ICA of simulated data shows that individual metabolite components can be extracted from a set of MRS data. The BSS method generates independent components with a closer correlation to the original metabolite and lipid components than the FE method when the number of spectra in the dataset is small. The experiments also show that stable results are achieved with 300 MRS at an SNR equal to 10. The FE method is relatively insensitive to different ranges of full width at half maximum (FWHM) (from 0 to 3 Hz), whereas the BSS method degrades on increasing the range of FWHM. The peak frequency variations do not affect the results within the range of ±0.08 ppm for the FE method, and ±0.05 ppm for the BSS method. When the methods were applied to the patient dataset, results consistent with the synthesized experiments were obtained. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does chromosome 17 centromere copy number predict polysomy in breast cancer? A fluorescence in situ hybridization and microarray‐based CGH analysis
Authors: Marchiò Caterina , Lambros Maryou B , Gugliotta Patrizia , Di Cantogno Ludovica Verdun , Botta Cristina , Pasini Barbara , Tan David SP , Mackay Alan , Fenwick Kerry , Tamber Narinder , Bussolati Gianni , Ashworth Alan , Reis‐Filho Jorge S , Sapino Anna
Published: May 2009

Approximately 8% of breast cancers show increased copy numbers of chromosome 17 centromere (CEP17) by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (ie average CEP17 >3.0 per nucleus). Currently, this pattern is believed to represent polysomy of chromosome 17. HER2‐amplified cancers have been shown to harbour complex patterns of genetic aberrations of chromosome 17, in particular involving its long arm. We hypothesized that aberrant copy numbers of CEP17 in FISH assays may not necessarily represent true chromosome 17 polysomy. Eighteen randomly selected CEP17 polysomic cases and a control group of ten CEP17 disomic cases, as defined by dual‐colour FISH, were studied by microarray‐based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), which was performed on microdissected samples using a 32K tiling‐path bacterial artificial chromosome microarray platform. Additional FISH probes were employed for SMS (17p11.2) and RARA (17q21.2) genes, as references for chromosome 17 copy number. Microarray‐based comparative genomic hybridization revealed that 11 out of the 18 polysomic cases harboured gains of 17q with involvement of the centromere, one displayed 17q gain sparing the centromeric region, and only one could be defined as polysomic. The remaining five cases displayed amplification of the centromeric region. Among these, one case, showing score 2+ by immunohistochemistry and 8.5 HER2 mean copy number, was classified as not amplified by HER2/CEP17 ratio and as amplified by HER2/SMS ratio. Our results suggest that true chromosome 17 polysomy is likely to be a rare event in breast cancer and that CEP17 copy number greater than 3.0 in FISH analysis is frequently related to gain or amplification of the centromeric region. Larger studies investigating the genetic profiles of CEP17 polysomic cases are warranted. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Down‐regulated expression of SATB2 is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Shuang , Zhou Jun , Wang Xiao‐Yan , Hao Jun‐Mei , Chen Juan‐Zhi , Zhang Xiang‐Mei , Jin He , Liu Li , Zhang Yan‐Fei , Liu Jinsong , Ding Yan‐Qing , Li Jian‐Ming
Published: May 2009

To identify novel biomarkers of metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC), we developed an orthotopic implantation model of murine CRC and selected in vivo M5, a subclone of the SW480 CRC cell line with enhanced potential for metastasis to the liver. We compared the differences in the gene expression profiles between M5 and SW480 cells using gene expression profiling. We found that expression of special AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 2 (SATB2) was down‐regulated in M5 cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of 146 colorectal tumour samples showed that underexpression of SATB2 was strongly correlated with poor prognosis, tumour invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and Dukes' classification for CRC. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses further showed that SATB2 expression was a potential favourable prognostic factor for CRC. These results demonstrated not only that SATB2 is a potential novel prognostic factor for CRC, but also that selection of a highly metastatic clone of SW480 in vivo coupled with gene expression profiling is a powerful approach to identifying prognostic markers for CRC. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Poly(methyl methacrylate)/silica nanocomposite fibers by electrospinning
Authors: Chen Yi‐zhang , Zhang Zhan‐peng , Yu Jian , Guo Zhao‐Xia
Published: May 2009

Uniform poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/silica nanocomposite fibers containing up to 20 wt % silica were prepared by electrospinning. The electrospun solutions were prepared by mixing a solution of PMMA in dimethyl formamide (DMF) with colloidal silica in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). The average fiber diameter decreases from 2.49 μm to 1.69 μm when 20 wt % silica is incorporated as a result of considerably increased solution conductivity, although the solution viscosity increases significantly, which should result in opposite effect. Thinner fibers (down to 350 nm) can be obtained by changing DMF/MEK proportion and by the addition of an ammonium salt. Nano‐sized silica particles (10–40 nm) distributes homogeneously in the fibers, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the incorporation of silica nanoparticles can change the thermal properties and surface wettability of the fiber mats. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 47: 1211–1218, 2009
Lymphoid bronchiolitis presenting at birth in an immunocompetent child: Chronic interstitial lung disease of unknown aetiology
Authors: Brodlie Malcolm , Flood Terry J. , Black Fiona , Spencer David A.
Published: May 2009

A female infant presented at birth with respiratory distress, which was subsequently shown to be secondary to lymphoid bronchiolitis, an exceptionally rare condition in childhood. Over the following 13 years there has been a slow progressive deterioration in her respiratory status with forced expiratory volume in 1 sec currently 40% predicted. Tests for connective tissue disease, infection, or immunodeficiency have all been negative and in the absence of any other explanation we postulate that this severe problem may have occurred as a consequence of an unrecognized intrauterine infection. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:622–624. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Catecholamine alterations in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: Effect of obesity
Authors: Snow Ayelet B. , Khalyfa Abdelnaby , Serpero Laura D. , Capdevila Oscar Sans , Kim Jinkwan , Buazza Muhamad O. , Gozal David
Published: May 2009

Study Objectives

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) elicits increased sympathetic activity in adults and increased urinary catecholamines. Moreover, urinary catecholamine excretion is altered in obese patients. We hypothesized that morning urine catecholamine levels would be correlated with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and degree of obesity in children.

Methods

Children referred to the pediatric sleep center for habitual snoring underwent overnight polysomnography, and the first morning voided urine sample was collected. Urinary concentrations of norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine were measured and corrected for creatinine levels. In a subset of children, blood samples were drawn and gene expression of catecholamine‐relevant genes analyzed by quantitative real‐time PCR.

Results

One hundred fifty‐nine children were recruited and completed the protocol. Children with OSA had significantly higher urinary norepinephrine and epinephrine levels, but not dopamine, compared to habitual snorers (norepinephrine: 40.1 ± 24.7 ng/mg creatinine vs. 31.6 ± 16.2 ng/mg creatinine, P < 0.01; epinephrine: 6.4 ± 10.5 ng/mg vs. 4.5 ± 0.5 ng/mg, P < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between norepinephrine and epinephrine values and polysomnographic indices, but no effect of obesity on catecholamine levels. In addition, expression of several of the major genes involved in synthesis and transport of catecholamines, as well as in selected receptors were compatible with increased bioavailability of catecholamines.

Conclusions

In children with OSA, morning urinary norepinephrine and epinephrine levels are significantly higher than those without OSA, and correlate with the severity of the disease. Gene expression patterns are in agreement with such findings. Urine catecholamine levels do not appear to be influenced by the presence of obesity. Thus, altered sympathetic activity in OSA patients appears to occur independently of the presence of obesity. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:559–567. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
First occurrence of resistance to strobilurin fungicides in Microdochium nivale and Microdochium majus from French naturally infected wheat grains
Authors: Walker Anne‐Sophie , Auclair Christiane , Gredt Michel , Leroux Pierre
Published: May 2009

BACKGROUND: Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels & Hallet and Microdochium majus (Wollenweber) belong to the Fusarium ear blight (FEB) fungal complex affecting cereals. In 2007 and 2008, major Microdochium sp. infestations were observed in France, and the efficacy of strobilurins was found to be altered in some field trials. The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity to strobilurins of French isolates of Microdochium and to characterise the possible mechanisms of resistance.

RESULTS: Half of the strains collected in 2007 were resistant to strobilurins, and most also displayed strong resistance to benzimidazoles. Strobilurin resistance was found mostly in M. majus isolates. Positive cross‐resistance was observed between all strobilurins tested, but not with the phenylpyrrole derivative fludioxonil and the various classes of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors (SBIs). In most strains, resistance was correlated with the G143A substitution in cytochrome b, the molecular target of strobilurins. Two other mechanisms were also detected at lower frequencies.

CONCLUSION: This is the first report of strobilurin resistance in Microdochium. Several resistance mechanisms have evolved independently in populations and may have different impacts on field efficacy. This makes the accurate detection and quantification of QoI resistance difficult. The management of field resistance and efficacy must be adapted to take these findings into account. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Composition dependence of the coercivity in magnetic nanoparticles suitable for magnetic hyperthermia
Authors: Apostolova I. , Wesselinowa J. M.
Published: May 2009

Based on the Heisenberg model including single‐site uniaxial anisotropy and using a Green's function technique we have studied the influence of size, shape and composition effects on the coercive field Hc saturation magnetization Ms and Curie temperature Tc of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. We have discussed various possibilities which could lead to decreasing of Hc and Tc and increasing of Ms It is shown that spherical Ni–Pd, Fe–Pt and Zn–Co‐ferrite nanoparticles with d ≈ 10 nm are suitable for magnetic hyperthermia applications. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Preface: Phys. Status Solidi C 6/5
Authors: The Guest Editors  , Sadewasser Sascha , Abou‐Ras Daniel , Lake Bella , Schock Hans‐Werner , Schorr Susan
Published: May 2009

The 16th International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds (ICTMC16) in Berlin, Germany, followed the series of conferences initiated in 1973 in the tradition of being an interdisciplinary forum for the exchange of information and experience in the exciting field of materials science of ternary and multinary compounds.

The conference brought together scientists from different fields, namely physics, chemistry, crystallography and materials science. The ICTMC16 gave the opportunity to discuss and learn about new advances and high level applications in the field of these complex materials. The conference covered all aspects of basic and applied research on ternary and multinary compounds in different fields: semiconductors, magnetic semiconductors, magnetic materials as well as ferro‐ and piezoelectrics.

We were happy about a broad participation: about 200 contributions from 24 countries set the basis for an exciting meeting. The scientific program included 15 invited talks, 39 oral and about 140 poster presentations. Most of these contributions are included in the present proceedings.

We would like to thank the International Advisory Committee, the Program Committee, the sponsors and to all who have contributed to this conference for their support and advice (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Prediction of γ‐B28 ELNES with comparison to α‐B12
Authors: Rulis Paul , Wang Liaoyuan , Ching W. Y.
Published: May 2009

Using ab initio techniques we have calculated the electron energy loss near edge structure (ELNES) of a new high pressure phase of boron (γ‐B28) and the structurally similar allotrope, α‐B12. The total ELNES spectra are presented as weighted sums of the site specific spectra of the constituent non‐equivalent B atoms. The five different non‐equivalent B sites in γ‐B28 all show rich ELNES spectra and their similarities and differences to the simpler α‐B12 case are detailed. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Coculture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Human Articular Chondrocytes Results in Significantly Altered Phenotype and Improved Chondrogenic Differentiation
Authors: Bigdeli Narmin , Karlsson Camilla , Strehl Raimund , Concaro Sebastian , Hyllner Johan , Lindahl Anders
Published: May 2009

Human embryonic stem (hES) cells have been suggested as a cell source for the repair of cartilage lesions. Here we studied how coculture with human articular chondrocytes affects the expansion potential, morphology, expression of surface markers, and differentiation abilities of hES cells, with special regard to chondrogenic differentiation. Undifferentiated hES cells were cocultured with irradiated neonatal or adult articular chondrocytes in high-density pellet mass cultures for 14 days. Cocultured hES cells were then expanded on plastic and their differentiation potential toward the adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages was compared with that of undifferentiated hES cells. The expression of different surface markers was investigated using flow cytometry and teratoma formation was studied using injection of the cells under the kidney capsule. Our results demonstrate that although hES cells have to be grown on Matrigel, the cocultured hES cells could be massively expanded on plastic with a morphology and expression of surface markers similar to mesenchymal stem cells. Coculture further resulted in a more homogenous pellet and significantly increased cartilage matrix production, both in high-density pellet mass cultures and hyaluronan-based scaffolds. Moreover, cocultured cells formed colonies in agarose suspension culture, also demonstrating differentiation toward chondroprogenitor cells, whereas no colonies were detected in the hES cell cultures. Coculture further resulted in a significantly decreased osteogenic potential. No teratoma formation was detected. Our results confirm the potential of the culture microenvironment to influence hES cell morphology, expansion potential, and differentiation abilities over several population doublings.

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Species Variation in the Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Immunosuppression
Authors: Ren Guangwen , Su Juanjuan , Zhang Liying , Zhao Xin , Ling Weifang , L'huillie Andrew , Zhang Jimin , Lu Yongqing , Roberts Arthur I. , Ji Weizhi , Zhang Huatang , Rabson Arnold B. , Shi Yufang
Published: May 2009

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for treating immune disorders because of their immunoregulatory capacity, but the mechanism remains controversial. As we show here, the mechanism of MSC-mediated immunosuppression varies among different species. Immunosuppression by human- or monkey-derived MSCs is mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), whereas mouse MSCs utilize nitric oxide, under the same culture conditions. When the expression of IDO and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were examined in human and mouse MSCs after stimulation with their respective inflammatory cytokines, we found that human MSCs expressed extremely high levels of IDO, and very low levels of iNOS, whereas mouse MSCs expressed abundant iNOS and very little IDO. Immunosuppression by human MSCs was not intrinsic, but was induced by inflammatory cytokines and was chemokine-dependent, as it is in mouse. These findings provide critical information about the immunosuppression of MSCs and for better application of MSCs in treating immune disorders.

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Sponge spicules as blueprints for the biofabrication of inorganic–organic composites and biomaterials
Authors: Müller Werner E. G. , Wang Xiaohong , Cui Fu-Zhai , Jochum Klaus Peter , Tremel Wolfgang , Bill Joachim , Schröder Heinz C. , Natalio Filipe , Schloßmacher Ute , Wiens Matthias
Published: May 2009

While most forms of multicellular life have developed a calcium-based skeleton, a few specialized organisms complement their body plan with silica. However, of all recent animals, only sponges (phylum Porifera) are able to polymerize silica enzymatically mediated in order to generate massive siliceous skeletal elements (spicules) during a unique reaction, at ambient temperature and pressure. During this biomineralization process (i.e., biosilicification) hydrated, amorphous silica is deposited within highly specialized sponge cells, ultimately resulting in structures that range in size from micrometers to meters. Spicules lend structural stability to the sponge body, deter predators, and transmit light similar to optic fibers. This peculiar phenomenon has been comprehensively studied in recent years and in several approaches, the molecular background was explored to create tools that might be employed for novel bioinspired biotechnological and biomedical applications. Thus, it was discovered that spiculogenesis is mediated by the enzyme silicatein and starts intracellularly. The resulting silica nanoparticles fuse and subsequently form concentric lamellar layers around a central protein filament, consisting of silicatein and the scaffold protein silintaphin-1. Once the growing spicule is extruded into the extracellular space, it obtains final size and shape. Again, this process is mediated by silicatein and silintaphin-1, in combination with other molecules such as galectin and collagen. The molecular toolbox generated so far allows the fabrication of novel micro- and nanostructured composites, contributing to the economical and sustainable synthesis of biomaterials with unique characteristics. In this context, first bioinspired approaches implement recombinant silicatein and silintaphin-1 for applications in the field of biomedicine (biosilica-mediated regeneration of tooth and bone defects) or micro-optics (in vitro synthesis of light waveguides) with promising results.
Is an estimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress able to predict operative morbidity after pancreaticoduodenectomy?
Authors: Hashimoto Daisuke , Takamori Hiroshi , Sakamoto Yasuo , Ikuta Yoshiaki , Nakahara Osamu , Furuhashi Satoshi , Tanaka Hiroshi , Watanabe Masayuki , Beppu Toru , Hirota Masahiko , Baba Hideo
Published: May 2009

Background

Mortality rates after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) are below 4% in high volume centers, although morbidity rates still remain high. Therefore, it is important to clarify a predictor associated with operative morbidity after PD. The estimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress (E‐PASS) score has been developed for comparative audit in general surgical patients.

Objective

To evaluate whether E‐PASS scoring system could predict the occurrence of complications after PD.

Methods

We performed retrospective analysis of 69 patients (42.0% pancreatic cancer, 31.9% bile duct cancer, and others) who underwent PD using the E‐PASS as a predictor of morbidity. Correlations between the incidence rates of postoperative complications and the preoperative risk score (PRS), surgical stress score (SSS) and comprehensive risk score (CRS) of the E‐PASS scoring system were evaluated.

Results

Of the 69 patients 30 (43.5%) experienced a total of 54 postoperative complications. All E‐PASS scores, especially PRS and CRS were significantly higher in the patients with postoperative complications than in the patients without complication. The complication rate gradually increased as the PRS, SSS and CRS score increased. Under receiver operating characteristic analysis, if a cut‐off point of CRS was 0.75, sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of operative morbidity after PD was 80.0 and 79.5%, respectively. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) did not influenced on operative morbidity after PD.

Conclusion

E‐PASS scoring system is useful to evaluate for morbidity after PD. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and IORT could be adapted without significant extra risk for surgical complication.