bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profile of women members of village Grampanchayat and their constraints
Authors: Gaikwad J. H.
Published: October 2021

The women members of Grampanchayat might be facing certain problems while performing their role. Out of 250 women Grampanchayat members in all 125 were covered under the study by following the Nth . A majority of the women members of Grampanchayat under study were from middle age group. Most of them were having medium size of family, having experience upto 5 years, medium level of sources of information, medium level of cosmopoliteness, medium social participation, medium level of annual income, medium size of land holding, medium leadership behaviour, medium level of motivation, medium level of attitude and also medium level of knowledge. The important problems reported by a considerable number of the respondents had lack of knowledge about duties and responsibilities of Grampanchayat, provision of inadequate grants by the Government, lack of training from concerned agency about the functions of Grampanchayat, lack of time left after domestic and farm work to the respondents.
Testing of agriculture hand tool design using ergonomics principles
Authors: Chahal Promila Krishna
Published: October 2021

In India, women play an important role in agricultural field operations. Women are found to involved labour intensive activity on field, but still no specific tools and technologies are developed and tested on women to reduce their drudgery experiences in crop production activities. By keeping all these point, the present study was conducted to evaluate the carrot production system by improving some tools for work. The study was conducted on 30 farmers (43.3 % male and 56.7 % female) of Behbalpur village of Hisar district, who were found to be engaged in carrot production system. Majority of the respondents (60.0%) were belonged to the age group of 32-42 years and one third of the respondents (33.3%) were having education up to high school. Maximum respondents (93.3 %) were having farming as main occupation and majority of them (86.7%) were having land between 2.5-10.0 acres. Out of 14 carrot production these activities; harvesting was found to be most time taking activity with time involvement of 3602.6±52.8 minutes, followed by separating green from carrot (3043.7±45.1), irrigation ( 2672.4±21.5 minutes) and weeding (2411.3±23.1 minutes). Rating of perceived exertion score was also found to high in harvesting (x=4.7) packing/loading (x=4.2) and weeding (x=4.1). Results unveiled that most of drudgery prone activities were performed by female like; weeding (DI-83.67), separating green (DI-70.67), harvesting, (DI-69.33) packing and loading (DI-56.33) and collecting carrot (DI-55.67) with their drudgery rank of I, II, V,VI, respectively. So tools used in carrots production (especially weeding, collecting carrot, and separating green, packing/loading) were modified and their performance and acceptance level were tested on the bases of scales. As per result on effect of improved tools, heart rate and blood pressure (systolic-122.9±8.4 to 128.4 bp/min and diastolic-79.3±8.3 to 85.7±8.3 bp/min) of workers in weeding activity was found significantly higher (t value 3.07, 3.7 and 3.84) in tradition method but in improved tool the heart rate and blood pressure were near to normal value, which reflect that improved tool (hand wheel hoe) was easy to use and not affected the heart rate of workers. Grip strength of workers was found to be decreased (30.9±3.5 to 24.1±2.8) in tradition method but had not significantly affect (30.9±3.5 to 28.1±3.1) the workers grip strength by using hand wheel hoe.
Artificial intelligence - The promise for an agricultural revolution in new era
Authors: Murugan Reshma J. , Bindhya B. N. , Sreedaya G. S.
Published: October 2021

Agriculture is slowly becoming digital. The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) both in terms of agricultural products and in-field farming techniques are increasing. Artificial Intelligence in agriculture is emerging in three major areas, namely agricultural robotics, soil and crop monitoring and predictive analytics. The use of sensors and soil sampling techniques are increasing day by day which helps in gathering of data. In turn, this data is stored in farm management system which is better processed and analysed. Thus, the data available along with other related data paves a way to successfully deploy AI in agriculture. AI in agriculture is emergingin cognitive computing and it has all the scope to become the most disruptive technology in agriculture services as it is able to understand, learn and respond to different situations (based on learning) to increase efficiency. The areas where the use of cognitive solutions can benefit agriculture are growth driven by IOT, image-based insight generation, identification of optimal mix for agronomic products, health monitoring of crops and automation techniques in irrigation and enabling farmers. In addition, the drone based solutions have significant impact in terms of productivity gains, coping with adverse weather conditions, yield management and precision farming.The emergence of new age technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Machine Learning, Satellite Imagery and advanced analytics are creating an ecosystem for smart farming. Fusion of all this technology is enabling farmers achieve higher average yield and better price control.
Study of some engineering properties of dry chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars of India
Authors: Srinivas G. , Champawat P.S. , Mudgal V.D. , Jain S.K. , Sharma D.
Published: October 2021

This paper describes some of the engineering properties of six chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars, viz., Byadgi, Guntur sanam, Mathania, Kashmiri, Reshampatti and Teja which would aid in designing the equipment and apparatus for processing of dry chilli such as sorting, grading drying, destalking, size reduction and transportation. The significant difference was observed among the geometrical properties (length, width, and thickness), gravimetric properties (bulk and true density), optical (color scales L*, a*, b*), aerodynamic (terminal velocity), mechanical (hardness) and frictional (co-efficient of friction). Among geometrical properties, the whole fruit lengths were ranged from 83.83 to146.03 mm, width 9.66 to 41.41 mm and thickness 3.86 to 11.11 mm. The stalk length, width and crown height of the fruit ranged from 25.90 to 34.87, 3.03 to 5.64 and 4.11 to 8.43, respectively, these values can be used to fabricate chilli destalking machine. The bulk and true density were observed from 100 to 130 kg/m3 and 260 to 560 kg/m3, respectively, these values can be used to design the hopper or in vacuum packing. Colour scales varied from 19.80 to 27.56 for L*, 7.21 to 23.15 for a* and 8.53 to 17.61 for b*, these values may be used to colour graders for grading the chilli based on colour. The hardness of the fruit pod varied from 37 to 198.03 N/mm2 and for stalk from 32.83 to 127.54 N/mm2, these values may be used to design size reducing, seed extracting equipment. The terminal velocity (experimental and theoretical) values varied from 3.66 to 9.03 m/s and 5.33 to 10.69 m/s, respectively, these values may be used to design dryers. Coefficient of friction values for MS, aluminum and for steel varied from 0.46 to 0.65, 0.36 to 0.55 and 0.34 to 0.48, respectively, these values may be used in designing the hopper, conveyors and destalking machines.
Assessment of hand-transmitted vibration in self propelled vertical conveyor reaper
Authors: Gururaj T.R. , Mehta A.K.
Published: October 2021

The self propelled vertical conveyor reaper is commonly used for harvesting wheat, rice etc. It has become a main or the sole of mechanical power source on small and medium size farms in India. The operators of VCR are exposed to a high level of vibration arising from single cylinder engine during field operations. The vibration from the VCR is transmitted from handle to hands, arms and shoulders. The detrimental effect of the prolonged exposure to hand-transmitted vibration on the operators has been known for a long time. In the present study, experiments were conducted to assess the vibration extent in VCR for two operational conditions i.e. transportation on bitumen road and wheat harvesting operation. The vibrations were measured at engine speed 2200 and 2800 rpm. In this study it was found that the vibration magnitudes decreased with increase in engine speed from 2200 to 2800 rpm in both operational conditions. The highest vibration values were observed in x-direction. The maximum frequency-weighted vibration acceleration (rms) in x-direction was 18.76 and 22.8 ms-2 in transportation and wheat harvesting. One third octave band frequency spectra were also obtained. The peak acceleration appeared around 50 Hz for both transportation and wheat harvesting at engine speed 2200 and 2800 rpm. The average 8 hour exposure time for occurrence of white finger syndrome was 1.16 and 0.93 years at transportation and wheat harvesting operation.
Feasibility study of gravity drip irrigation for small scale farmers
Authors: Mishra Abhishek , Sherring Arpan
Published: October 2021

Gravity fed drip irrigation techniques have been used in the small agricultural production as an advanced water saving irrigation method in recent times. However advantageous this method, there are still some difficulties in projecting the efficiency of such systems. Most especially, feasibility study of gravity drip irrigation for small scale farmers is very important in order to set up an efficient irrigation system. This study is focused to test the feasibility of the drip irrigation the experiment was run and Uniformity co-efficient and Distribution uniformity. In the study, the discharge of emitters at 1.0 m and 0.5 m emitter spacing and 1.0 m lateral spacing and for four irrigation durations (15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 120 minutes) was measured. The results clearly indicates that the selected emitters of 4 LPH rated discharge and 2.0 kg/cm2 pressure when used under gravity drip irrigation and at about 0.5-0.8 kg/cm2 pressure, discharges between 1.8-2.5 LPH. 6. The gravity drip irrigation can meet the water requirement of vegetable crops with acceptable UC and DU and can be a better solution for small scale farmers of the region in order to save the scarce fresh water resources.
Influence of process variables on quality attributes of jaggery prepared by vacuum pan evaporation technology
Authors: Kuruba Eresh Kumar , Rao P.V.K. Jagannadha , Khokhar D. , Patel S.
Published: October 2021

Jaggery is a solid unrefined, non- centrifugal cane sugar (NCS) with unique colour, flavor and aroma obtained from crushing of cane and evaporating of sugarcane juice. In this paper vacuum pan evaporation method were used sugarcane juice boiling at vacuum pressure (Vp : 500-700 mm of Hg), time (t:60-90 min) and temperature (T:100-1200 C). The quality attributes of jaggery developed from vacuum pan evaporator were investigated at different process variables. The developed jaggery were analyzed for physiochemical. Results showed that TSS (0 Brix) and Hardness (Hd) increased with increase in vacuum pressure and time, whereas moisture content percentage (%) and water activity (aw) decreased with increase in vacuum pressure and time at variable temperature of 1100 C. Fuzzy logic method was used to evaluate the sensory characteristic of prepared jaggery.
Optimization of two steps pretreatment techniques on lignin elimination in wheat straw to improve the bio-oil quality
Authors: Verma A.K. , Lakhera Shobhit , Chand Khan , Dubey Ashutosh , Bhattacharya T.K.
Published: October 2021

Cross-linking of degraded lignin components present to bio-oil increases the density and causes instability during storage. Bio-oil quality and quantity from wheat straw was improved by alkaline and enzymatic treatment before pyrolysis. Alkaline pretreatment reduced the lignin content from 18 per cent to 10 per cent. Enzymatic pretreatment using -glucosidase and cellulase in ratio 5:10, 10:10, 15:10 U for 24, 48, 72 h was optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and eliminated 3.1 per cent lignin. The maximum reducing sugar and glucose content was found 24.2 g/L and 15.488 g/L, respectively. Bio-oil yield by fast pyrolysis of treated and untreated wheat straw was 30 per cent and 27 per cent, respectively. Bio-oil of the treated wheat straw exhibited increased in pH, higher density and decreased in viscosity. The flash point of bio-oil from treated wheat straw was very close to commercial diesel. Bio-oil was characterized by FTIR and GC-MS analysis.
Development of manually operated sapota harvester
Authors: Deogirikar A.A. , Shahare P.U. , Dhande K.G. , Powar R.V.
Published: October 2021

The manually operated PVC made citrus harvester is usually used by the sapota growers in Konkan region for harvesting the sapota fruits. It is very light in weight and easy to fix with bamboo or pipe. Though the penetration of the harvester in the plant canopy is better, finding and plucking out the fruit through it is difficult due to its visibility issue. As the harvester is made up of opaque PVC material, the fruits can not be seen through it when used beyond some angle of inclination with the ground. The fruits may get popped up out of the harvester at particular inclination. Due to this restrictions of the inclinations, the picker (person) may develop some strains in neck and shoulder. Considering this, a sapota harvester made up of 6 mm circular MS rod was developed with better visibility through it and to have better angle of inclination with horizontal (0 to 90O) for harvesting the fruits without letting it popped out of the harvester. A. The developed sapota harvester met the requirements and found comfortable for sapota harvesting. The picker (person) can operate the harvester at wide range of angle of inclination with the horizontal.
Development and performance evaluation of pedal operated dehuller for black soybean
Authors: Singh Gurupreet , Chand Khan
Published: October 2021

Black soybean is a food source which contains high quality protein and does not contain cholesterol and saturated fatty acids. It is rich in vitamin and minerals and has significant medicinal effect. In India, traditional method of dehusking the black soybean is hand operated grindstone (Chakki). In grindstone, main disadvantage is the incomplete dehulling of the beans. This method of dehusking is also tedious and time consuming process. Therefore post harvest management and processing of black soybean are very important and hence an effort has been made to develop a pedal operated dehuller for Uttarakhand women with the help of anthropometric data. Dehuller works on the principle of shearing force where black soybean passes through between the grind stone roller and concave surface of perforated mild steel sheet and power would be provided through pedal to the machine. The different components were designed and best dehulling efficiency of the machine was 72.08 per cent at 10 per cent moisture content and 25kg/h feed rate with payback period of 1.67year. This machine is basically designed for Uttarakhand small women farmers and can generate employment.
Questão ambiental e pandemia: a destrutividade do sistema do capital na ordem do dia
Authors: Baracho Gessyca Andrea de Lima
Published: October 2021

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a relação entre a questão ambiental, crise estrutural do capital e a pandemia do novo Coronavírus. Compreendemos neste trabalho que a pandemia do novo Coronavírus que gera a doença nomeada de Covid-19 está organicamente relacionada com a crise do capital, como fruto do processo de acumulação capitalista avidamente crescente que necessita da exploração inesgotável dos recursos humanos e naturais, tornando-os mercadorias. Essa dupla exploração em ritmo galopante, inerente à ordem sociometabólica do capital, constituem elementos fundamentais para o atual cenário de crise mundial. Para tal reflexão, caminhamos sob a perspectiva do método dialético-crítico de Marx, utilizando-se como metodologia a pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico e documental. Dividimos o trabalho em duas seções centrais: a primeira discute a questão ambiental e a ordem sociometabólica do capital, relação de acumulação e destrutividade; a segunda realiza a relação entre os três eixos de discussão: a crise do capital, a pandemia e a questão ambiental.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA TEORIA DA FORMAÇÃO PLANEJADA DAS AÇÕES MENTAIS PARA A APROPRIAÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE NÚMERO POR UM ESTUDANTE COM SÍNDROME DE DOWN
Authors: Correa Gisely de , Reis Thiengo Edmar
Published: October 2021

A garantia da aprendizagem para pessoas com deficiência, tem sido desafio constante no processo de promoção da inclusão escolar e social desses estudantes. Considerando a alfabetização em sua abordagem ampla e cultural, a alfabetização matemática foi o foco principal desta pesquisa. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de um estudo de caso único sobre a apropriação do conceito de sistema de numeração decimal por uma criança com síndrome de Down, na perspectiva da Teoria da Formação Planejada das Ações Mentais e dos Conceitos. A Teoria da Formação Planejada das Ações Mentais e dos Conceitos foi desenvolvida pelo psicólogo soviético Piotr Yakovlevich Galperin, observando a psicologia histórico-cultural. Para desenvolver a pesquisa foi utilizado o jogo “Ganha 100 Primeiro”, proposto pelo caderno três do Programa Nacional de Alfabetização na Idade Certa (PNAIC), explorando materiais manipulativos. Também foi incluída a participação de dois colegas de desenvolvimento típico da turma, cada um em momentos distintos. Foram consideradas as potencialidades do sujeito com síndrome de Down. Verificou-se o potencial da aprendizagem entre pares e o efeito benéfico exercido pela presença dos colegas sobre a motivação do estudante com síndrome de Down, mobilizando-o para participar do jogo. Foram observados aspectos positivos da aplicação da teoria utilizada e indícios da assimilação do conceito de número como um ato mental.
Systematization Information to Ensure Educational Quality
Authors: Rivera Gutiérrez Erika , Higuera Zimbrón Alejandro
Published: October 2021

Higher Education Institutions involved efforts to plan, measure and improve their educational quality. However, improving quality requires valid and reliable information systems that allow to make decisions So, the purpose of paper is to present the context that keeps the systematization information in the quality assurance on higher education institutions, as one of the main trends of accreditation processes in their academic programs. Therefore, a qualitative methodological perspective with an exploratory-descriptive design was determined, based on scientific literature review, empirical evidences, supported by the case study method; where a procedure was established to make evident the existence of the problem statement. The findings revealed the need for higher education institutions on management of systematization information for quality assurance on their academic programs. Finally, a series of conclusions and recommendations are presented in this study.
POLÍTICAS DE ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL E EDUCADORES NÃO DOCENTES NOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA
Authors: Soares Priscila , Da Silva Ferreira Edilene , De Araújo Amaral Cledir
Published: October 2021

Esse artigo objetiva analisa as Políticas de Assistência Estudantil (Paes) e os profissionais envolvidos na sua execução nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia (IF) numa perspectiva educativa. Para tanto, partiu-se da triangulação de abordagem quanti-qualitativa para análise dos dados obtidos por meio de pesquisa documental. Foram fornecidas informações sobre os profissionais e como Paes de 31 institutos, nas quais identificou-se a previsão de atendimento numa perspectiva universal ou seletista. Existem 2.782 servidores envolvidos na Assistência Estudantil (AE) para atender 473.897 estudantes nos IF. Há maior número, respectivamente, de assistentes de alunos, assistentes sociais, psicólogos e pedagogos.Foram identificados 25 Paes que previam explicitamente programas ou ações de cunho universalista. Entretanto, para que tais políticas sejam efetivadas é necessário que o número de profissional seja suficiente para garantir o atendimento numa perspectiva universal. Esse aspecto de atividade legítima aos profissionais da Assistência Estudantil sua identidade educadora e precisa ser incorporada pelo profissional de tal modo que seja igualmente percebida pela comunidade acadêmica e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento do processo educacional.
Atividade Orientadora de Ensino
Authors: Oliveira Tchierly , Ribeiro Dulcyene
Published: October 2021

No presente artigo apresenta-se uma proposta de atividade de ensino cujo objetivo principal é abordar o conceito de número com vistas ao desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, a partir da perspectiva teórica da Teoria Histórico-Cultural e da Atividade Orientadora de Ensino. A atividade de ensino relatada neste trabalho foi desenvolvida a partir da literatura infantil “E o dente ainda doía” de Ana Terra e o material didático conhecido como “escala Cuisenaire”. A proposta refere-se ao conceito de número e o desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico. As ações de ensino expostas podem ser exploradas com os alunos do 1° e 2° ano do Ensino Fundamental. Intenta-se dialogar sobre o ensino de álgebra nos anos iniciais e elucidar questões referentes ao desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico nesta etapa de escolarização. Conclui-se que para a aprendizagem ocorrer, esta deve ter significado para o aluno, sendo adequada àqueles a quem se pretende ensinar. Assim o desenvolvimento do pensamento algébrico se torna possível, desde os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, desde que organizado de forma apropriada.
Fluorophosphate bio-glass for bone tissue engineering: in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Sankaralingam Pugalanthipandian , Sakthivel Poornimadevi , Andinadar Subbiah Priscilla , Periyasamy Abirami , Rahumathullah Jenifa Begam , Thangavel Vijayakumar Chinnaswamy
Published: October 2021

The objective of the work is to investigate the influence of fluoride in the bioactivity of phosphate bio-glass to utilise in bone tissue engineering. The fluorophosphate bio-glass system was formulated by varying fluoride content in phosphate-based glass 45P2O5-(30-X)-CaO-25Na2O-XCaF2 (X = 0, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75, and 5.0) using melt quenching technique. The elemental composition and fluoride retention in the prepared material was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The bioactivity test in simulated body-fluid (SBF) exhibited apatite layer and its bone bonding ability which was characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer spectra. The viability of human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) and MG-63 cells of the bio-glass confirmed the nontoxic nature. In vivo studies demonstrated the conversion of the fluorophosphate glass to bone in the femoral condyle of the rabbit. After ten weeks, scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray spectrograph (SEM_EDAX) and confocal laser scanning microscopy examinations revealed the resorption rate and bone-glass interface qualitatively and quantitatively. Consequently, the biocompatible and bioresorbable nature of the fluorophosphate bioglass can be exploited as a potential bone graft substitute in the near future.
Ultimate loads for reinforced concrete square pile caps
Authors: Lu Wen-Yao , Lee Tung-Ming , Ko Hsueh-Cheng , Tsai Jui-Ting
Published: October 2021

This paper reports the test results for eight high-strength concrete square pile caps. The main variables are the area of flexural steel bars and the configuration patterns of flexural steel bars. The test results show that the ultimate load on the pile cap increases as the total area of the flexural steel bars increases. The load–displacement curves are not significantly affected by an increase in the total area of the flexural steel bars. For a specific area of flexural steel bar, the ultimate load on the pile caps in a bunched square reinforcement pattern is no greater than that for pile caps in a grid reinforcement pattern. Pile caps in a bunched square reinforcement pattern exhibit no significant mechanical advantage over pile caps in a grid reinforcement pattern. Square pile caps in a grid reinforcement pattern perform better because this pattern is more conducive to concrete casting than a bunched square reinforcement pattern. The softened strut-and-tie model more accurately predicts the ultimate load for pile caps than the ACI sectional method for various shear span-to-depth ratios and compressive strengths of concrete. The ACI sectional method overestimates the flexural strength of the square pile cap.
Emergency Remote Education in the Perception of On-Site Accounting Sciences Students during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Soares Cristiano Sausen , Guimarães Duanne Emanuel Leal , Souza Tatiéli Vieira de
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to investigate the perception of on-site students of the Accounting Sciences Program of a public university that adopted emergency remote learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil, highlighting the aspects that favor or hinder learning. A qualitative and descriptive study was carried out, with data collected through 4 focus groups with the participation of 80 students from an on-site undergraduate program in Accounting Sciences. The results indicate that the students perceive the structural factors (flexibility in the deadlines for delivery of activities), personal and collective factors (autonomy in the learning process) and didactic-pedagogical factors (use of active methodologies by the professor) as facilitating aspects of the remote education. As for the aspects that hinder learning, we highlight external factors (lack of internet access), individual factors (not maintaining a study routine and increased stress levels) and traditional remote education (monotonous videoconference classes). Finally, an optimistic vision for future trends is observed, with changes in the human aspects (change of paradigm of the student's role), institutional aspects (greater use of technology) and formative aspects (use of active methodologies). It is concluded that the use of active methodologies in the didactic and pedagogical aspect raises the participation of the number of students in remote classes and improves the quality of learning. This study can contribute to educational institutions that adopt emergency remote education for continuity of academic activities in periods of crisis, as well as to professors who plan their activities. It emphasizes the role of the professor and the importance of active methodologies in the development of knowledge.
A Tale of Two Statues: Memorializing Queen Victoria in London and Calcutta
Authors: Plunkett John
Published: October 2021

The Victoria Memorial in London and the Victoria Memorial Hall, Calcutta are the two most substantial and enduring commemorative schemes built following the death of Queen Victoria on 23 January 1901. Both memorials remain heritage icons, immediately recognizable parts of the urban fabric of London and Calcutta. The original schemes are nonetheless notable for the imperial myth-making and the way they place Victoria as the focal point of British rule. Moreover, both schemes foreground the question of the nature of Victoria’s agency and fashioning in relation to commemoration and hero worship. The statues of Victoria by Thomas Brock at the heart of both memorials are part of much grander and elaborate reshapings of the political and urban landscape, but the commemoration of Victoria in Britain and India reveals some of the frictions and instability around her legacy.
The “African male literary tradition” and revisionist polemics in Isidore Okpewho’s writing
Authors: Olusegun-Joseph Yomi
Published: October 2021

African literature has been very polemically, but usefully engaged, by feminists and other concerned gender stakeholders in the past three decades on the note that its foundational discursive platform of representation is patriarchal, largely representing the female body as ‘absent’ and ‘other’ in the imaginative landscape of canonical African(ist) expression. While these critical efforts have significantly succeeded in interrogating phallocentrism in African male writing, they have, however, failed to recognize several masculinist indicators in the latter that have purposively undermined the hegemonic/patriarchal frame of maleness. In this article I argue, through a reading of Isidore Okpewho’s first three novels, that certain representations of African male writing preceding those of the contemporary turn portray revisionist attitudes to patriarchy, or any form of hegemonic masculinity. In these, the African woman is made to gain visibility and she becomes active on her own social terms. I thus debunk popular feminist-oriented claims that the canonical African literary male tradition necessarily inscribes the African woman in the stereotypical narrative of being a ‘mother-nation/mother-Africa image’, ‘prostitute’, ‘witch’, or socio-cultural other. I suggest a more careful, distilled, and responsible approach toward the politics of agency and power involving gender and identity (re)formation in the African world, culture, and literature.
War and the subaltern: Voice as power in Buchi Emecheta’s Destination Biafra
Authors: Nwachukwu Ogbu Chukwuka , Otu Oyeh O. , Eni Onyekachi
Published: October 2021

In Africa, as in most other parts of the world, whenever there is war (or massive violence of any other hue), the common people are used as cannon fodder to protect the powerful upper class formulators of the letters of the war. Women and children are easily the most vulnerable. They are raped, tortured, murdered, starved, widowed, and exposed to all sorts of insecurity and depredation. In the end they are marginally characterized in upper class, male-centered war discourse. In this research, we locate the voice of the subaltern in Buchi Emecheta’s civil war novel, Destination Biafra (1982). We utilize Subaltern Studies in a qualitative approach to offer the needed agency to female subalterns as well as a few other marginalized groups. We map the trajectory of these voices and show that the subaltern woman and the other margins denounce colonial complicity in the androcentric war, and would rather the society eschewed violence as conflict resolution strategy. With this study we fill an existing gulf in the Nigerian Civil War narrative and create an alternative discourse against the largely upper class, male-centered voices that have hitherto characterized civil war novels.
Visita domiciliar: percepções de docentes no ensino de enfermagem
Authors: Leite Alves Pereira Katyane , Duarte de Sales Jackeline Kérollen , Rodrigues Maia Evanira , Barreto Luna Callou Cruz Rachel de Sá , Da Silva Quirino Glauberto , Germane Alves Pinto Antonio
Published: October 2021

OBJETIVO: analisar as percepções de docentes sobre a visita domiciliar no ensino de enfermagem. MÉTODO: estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Realizado na Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Picos-PI, local onde ocorreram os estágios curriculares supervisionados do curso de graduação em Enfermagem de uma instituição de ensino superior pública. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista como técnica, e os dados obtidos foram tratados sob a análise de conteúdo de Minayo. RESULTADOS: Emergiram três categorias temáticas que evidenciaram as concepções, processo ensino-aprendizagem e instrumentalização da visita domiciliar nos estágios de enfermagem. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Os docentes apontam potencialidades do atendimento domiciliar na integralização de habilidades e competências durante a formação de profissionais da saúde. Para a Estratégia de Saúde da Família, constitui-se como método que amplia o cuidado ao sujeito e família, bem como o reconhecimento do território de atuação.
Diretrizes de planejamento do transporte coletivo e por bicicleta em tempos de Covid-19
Authors: Araújo Jefferson Cruz , Ribeiro Rochele Amorim
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é elaborar possíveis diretrizes para o transporte coletivo e transporte por bicicletas em um cenário pós-pandemia da Covid-19, por meio do levantamento das respostas obtidas por um formulário aplicado nas redes sociais, mídias sociais, sites e jornais. Por se tratar de um tema de pesquisa associado ao cenário presente, que sofre com as restrições sociais, os dados foram coletados remotamente com os respondentes anônimos no período da pandemia, coincidente com a vigência da pesquisa (fev - mar 2021). Os dados coletados vieram de várias cidades brasileiras como: São Paulo-SP, Osasco-SP, São Carlos-SP, São José do Rio Preto-SP, Araraquara-SP, Campinas-SP, Piracicaba-SP, Porto Alegre-RS, Canoas-RS, Florianópolis-SC, Pouso Alegre-MG, Itajubá-MG, Frutal-MG, Maringá-PR, Curitiba-PR, Campo Grande-MS, Natal-RN, Pacoti-CE, Vitória da Conquista-BA, Brasília-DF, entre muitas outras. Os dados levantados demonstram que a maioria das pessoas não se sentem seguras utilizando o transporte coletivo na pandemia, porém, se sentem seguras utilizando a bicicleta. Outro dado importante coletado na aplicação do formulário, é que a maior parte das pessoas começaram a utilizar mais o automóvel durante a pandemia, enquanto isso, diminui o número de pessoas que utilizavam o transporte coletivo. Analisando os dados, é possível identificar que o investimento em transporte público, higiene diária dos veículos e investimento no transporte por bicicleta, são algumas das medidas necessárias e fundamentais para conter os prejuízos que a Covid-19 trouxe para a mobilidade urbana de muitas cidades. Assim, os resultados obtidos pela pesquisa, podem contribuir para o estudo e implantação de diretrizes de transporte e deslocamento no cenário atual de pandemia de Covid-19, podendo ser fundamental para o planejamento das cidades brasileiras no futuro pós-pandemia.
Revisão da rota das contribuições nacionalmente determinada no peru para as mudanças climáticas
Authors: Figueroa María Teresa Alejandra Diaz , Rocha Cézar Henrique Barra , Soto Hilda Evita Mendoza
Published: October 2021

O Peru é um país vulnerável às mudanças climáticas e às condição vem se agravando devido aos impactos ambientais negativos de origem antrópica que causam as mudanças climáticas. Além disso, a pandemia da COVID-19 marcou impactos em todo o mundo e no Peru, que desenvolvem eventos desastrosos para o meio ambiente. Como consequência do diálogo internacional e da preocupação dos países integrantes da Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima em enfrentar esse problema, foi assinado o Acordo de Paris. O objetivo principal deste artigo é desenvolver uma revisão das ações mais importantes que enquadram as Contribuições Nacionalmente Determinadas do Peru, destacando-se os impactos no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 e conhecendo os impactos da COVID-19 na Agenda 2030 e seus 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica dos documentos realizados pelas diversas instituições envolvidas, procurando compreender sob diversos pontos de vista, o desenvolvimento das ações para cumprir os compromissos assumidos frente às mudanças climáticas, assim como evidenciar as diversas medidas políticas e técnicas adotadas para o cumprimento dos objetivos assumidos no referido Acordo. Da mesma forma, foram evidenciados alguns elementos que não agregam esforços para cumprir essas contribuições e outros elementos a serem analisados. Este documento pode contribuir para uma compreensão sucinta da rota das Contribuições Nacionalmente Determinadas do Peru.
CANCER-EMBRYONIC ANTIGEN IN PREDICTING THERAPEUTIC TUMOR PATHOMORPHISM AFTER NEOADJUVANT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH RECTAL CANCER
Authors: Erygin D. V. , Minaeva N. G. , Ivanov S. A. , Dvinskikh N. Yu. , Novikov N. Yu. , Berdov B. A. , Nevolskikh A. A. , Karpov A. A. , Mikhalev Yu. Yu. , Evtekhov I. A. , Petrov L. O.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of carcinoerembryonic antigen in patients with rectal cancer and correlate its baseline with the degree of therapeutic pathomorphosis after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Materials and methods. An estimate of the informative value of carcinoerembryonic antigen (CEA) indices in 179 patients with colorectal cancer determined before and after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in SOD 50 Gy.

Results. Analysis of the results presented in the study showed that in all patients, CRT caused a significant decrease in the level of CEA (–71%) 10 weeks after its end (p < 0.001). In the course of the pathomorphological study, after the neoadjuvant treatment, the first degree of tumor pathomorphism was recorded in 4.5% of patients, II – 38.5%, III – 45%, IV – 12% (the degree of pathomorphosis is not related to the clinical stage and the degree of differentiation of colorectal cancer). It was revealed that patients with III and IV degrees of therapeutic pathomorphosis initially had a CEA level lower, in comparison with patients with grade I-II. Clinical progression of the disease is diagnosed in 24% of cases (43/179). It was noted that in patients with the IV degree of therapeutic pathomorphism of the tumor, no recurrence of the rectal cancer was detected in either case.

Conclusion. The results of the study showed that the problem of individual prediction of the effectiveness of combined treatment of the rectal cancer remains very relevant, rather complicated and yet not completely solved. However, it can be assumed that the use of such an indicator as CEA in monitoring patients after the treatment, can serve as a criterion for the sensitivity of colorectal cancer to CRT. Initially low antigen level can be considered as a positive factor of tumor response to ongoing treatment and disease-free survival of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
The impact of innovation on the development of the global cosmetics products market
Authors: Sviderska S. , Kukhta P.
Published: October 2021

To gain insights that guide important business decisions and, consequently, turn data into business actions, various methods and types of data could be used depending on the data’s availability, accessibility, and costs. In consulting practice, the usage of widely published market reports and marketing studies is a standard routine. This paper is an example of how institutional theory could be applied in practice for analyzing and interpreting the findings from a typical market study.By contrast to other widely used qualitative and quantitative tools and techniques, applying institutional lenses is far to be mainstream for industry practitioners and strategy consultants. In the selected case from the wine sector, a market report has been hermeneutically “read” through lenses of institutional theory, which helped to identify coercive and mimetic types of isomorphism in the markets of Georgia and Ukraine.
Modeling optimal price policy of pharmaceutical companies for sales maximization based on Data Science technologies
Authors: Chernyak O. , Sztrik J. , Fareniuk Y.
Published: October 2021

Social capital has become an important aspect of most rural communities in developing nations. But, the dimensions of social capital vary across rural regions while little is known about the factors influencing it in rural areas. This study aimed to identify the prevalent social capital dimensions in rural areas and examine the factors determining rural people involved in those dimensions. A field survey which consists of structured and self-administered questionnaire was carried out with rural households. The information of the survey was obtained from 220 rural households in the study area between August and October, 2019. The descriptive analysis identified social networks (3.875), norms (societal values) (3.390), trust and solidarity (4.115), and cooperation and group action (4.139) as the prevailing social capital dimensions in the rural communities. The results further suggest that cooperation, trust and solidarity, and networks are respectively the dominating social capital dimensions in the rural areas. The results from probit model estimates show that the factors that are more likely to be associated with social capital in rural areas include education, access to credit and ownership of farm (cash crop). Since social capital is becoming a prerequisite for rural development, our findings lead to the suggestion that cooperation, build-up of networks should be facilitated for people in the rural areas. Furthermore, policy direction towards access to education, credit provision and development of primary occupation in the rural areas should also be enhanced. Economic policy makers and rural development agencies are invited to continuously work on the identified factors to promote the individual, community and national development on equitable basis.
BALANÇO HÍDRICO CLIMATOLÓGICO E CLASSIFICAÇÃO CLIMÁTICA PARA O MUNICÍPIO DE PARANAVAÍ, PARANÁ
Authors: Lopes Allan Remor , Dotto Marcelo , Xavier Elouize , Giarola Camila Moreno , Pirola Kelli
Published: October 2021

The study of climatic conditions of Paranavaí region is necessary due to its importance in the national agricultural scenario. The study aimed to calculate the climatological water balance (CWB) as well as performing the climate classification by the method of Thornthwaite e Mather for the municipality of Paranavaí, Paraná. Data from a historical series from 1975 to 2018 were used. For the calculation of the CWB was adopted the value of 100 mm for the available water capacity (AWC). The municipality studied presentes na annual average of 1523,8 mm precipitation and 1090,62 evapotranspiration. The municipality presented a trend climate o fone month of water deficiency (August) and eleven months of water excess (Setember to July). Regarding climate classification, was found C1dA’a’ climate, characterized as a mesothermic climate, with little or no water deficiency.
GEBELİK VE DOĞUM SONRASI DÖNEMDE KARŞILAŞILAN KAS-İSKELET SİSTEMİ ŞİKÂYETLERİNİN PROSPEKTİF ANALİZİ
Authors: Konya Mehmet Nuri , Yılmaz Bilge Kağan , Bütüner İbrahim Ethem , Yalçınkaya Ayşe , Molla Hilal , Elmas Altuğ Oğuzcan , Ersoy Mehmet Akif , Okay Burak Veysel , Yurtsever Gülistan
Published: October 2021

AMAÇ: Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde annelerde kemik-eklem rahatsızlıkları ile sık karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu şikayetlerin önlenmesi, tedavisi ve yönetimi gebelere özgü olarak planlanmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı doğum öncesi ve doğum sonrası dönemde annelerde meydana gelen ortopedik rahatsızlıkların prospektif analizini yaparak güncel verilere katkı sunabilmektir.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmamızda Afyonkarahisar Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji polikliniğine başvuran 61 anne ile gebelik dönemi ve sonrasında ortopedik rahatsızlıkları ile ilgili 10 farklı vücut bölgesini ilgilendiren anket çalışması yapıldı. Anket çalışmasında annelere bu 10 bölgenin I. trimester, II. trimester, III. trimester, doğum anı ve anlık olarak 5 farklı dönemde ağrı durumu soruldu.BULGULAR: Çalışmaya ortalama yaşı 28,23±6.57 (19-56) olan 61 anne katılmıştır. Mevcut kiloları ortalama 69.57±14.68 (44-120) idi. Doğum anında kiloları 75,607±13.2 (49-126) idi. Bebeklerin doğum kilosu 3.09±0.62 (0.75-4.50) idi. Değerlendirilen parametreler; baş-boyun ağrısı, göğüs-sırt ağrısı, bel ağrısı, kalça ağrısı, diz ağrısı, ayak-ayak bileği ağrısı, omuz ağrısı, dirsek ağrısı, el-el bileği ağrısı ve ek şikayetlerdi. Değerlendirilen tüm dönemlerde en çok şikayet edilen durumun bel ağrısı olduğu saptandı. Elde edilen bulgularda III. trimesterde bel ağrısının pik yaptığı, alt sınırının 3,542; üst sınırının ise 5,474 olduğu vas skor ortalamasının 4,51 olduğu görüldü. İkinci sıklıkta göğüs-sırt ağrısı saptandı. En az şikayet ise dirsek ve çevresi için saptandı. Bel ağrısı ve vücut kitle indeksi arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı.SONUÇ: Gebelik; kadınlarda kardiovasküler, endokrin ve renal sistemlere etki ettiği kadar kas iskelet sistemine de etki eder. Hormonal değişiklikler vücut kitle indeksine etki ettiği gibi uterusun büyümesi de ağırlık merkezinin değişimine bağlı olarak aksiyel iskelette statik ve dinamik değişikliklere yol açmaktadır. Özellikle bel ağrısı şikayetlerinin gebelik süresince ve doğum sonrası dönemde diğer şikayetlere görece fazla olduğunu saptadık. Gebelikte görülen kas-iskelet sistemi değişiklikleri annenin yaşam kalitesini etkiler. Tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımı gebe, fetüs ve gebeliğin korunması gerektiğinden normalden farklıdır. Yaşam kalitesinin istenilen düzeye getirilmesi için uygulanan tüm prosedürlerde bahsedilen üçlünün korunmasının çok önemli olduğunu düşünmekteyiz.
ORGAN BAĞIŞ VE NAKLİNE YÖNELİK TUTUM VE DAVRANIŞLAR
Authors: Gülsoy Kemal Yetiş , Orhan Semiha , Kutluhan Süleyman
Published: October 2021

AMAÇ: Organ nakli; fonksiyonunu yitirmiş organın yerine kadavra veya canlı verici (donör)’den fonksiyonel organ nakledilmesine denir. Çalışmamızda Isparta il merkezinde yaşayan halkın organ bağışı konusundaki bilgi ve tutumları araştırılmıştır.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Isparta il merkezinde ikamet eden kişilere Mart 2018 - Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında anket uygulayarak gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya 18 yaş üstü, fizik ve mental yönden sağlıklı olan kişiler kabul edilmiştir. Literatür bilgileri doğrultusunda hazırlanan, bireysel özellikleri ve organ bağışı ile ilgili 61 soru içeren anket formu yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak uygulanmıştır.BULGULAR: Katılımcıların 483’i kadın, 432’si erkek idi. Yaşları 18-35 yaş arasında değişmekte olup ortalaması 37 idi. Katılımcılarımızın % 5,2 (n=47) organ bağışında bulunmuş ve kamu hastanelerine güven (%88,5), özel hastanelere (%43) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Beyin ölümü gerçekleştikten sonra organların bağışı aşamasında, katılımcılarımızdan, kendi onaylarının yeterli olduğunu düşünenler %87,8 oranında, ailesinin onaylaması gerekli olduğunu düşünenler %87,2 oranında iken, hiçbir onay alınmasına gerek duymayanların oranı ise %7,3 olarak bulunmuştur. İnancına bağlı olarak organlarını bağışlayamayacak olan katılımcı sayısı 146 (% 16) iken vücudunun bir parçasını vererek ölüm-yaşam zincirine müdahalenin yanlış olduğunu düşünenlerin sayısı 91 (%10). Organ bağışını artırmak için “maddi teşvik verilmesi”nin olumlu olacağını düşünenlerin oranı % 44,3 iken olumsuz etki oluşturacağına inananlar %43,8 oranında idi.SONUÇ: Organ bağışının aile içinde konuşulup aile bireylerinin birbirlerinin organ bağışı yapmaya taraf olmasının önceden bilmesinin organ bağış oranının artmasına fayda sağlayacaktır. Organ bağışı konusunda yanlış yapılan haberler toplum hafızasında ciddi bir güvensizlik izi bırakmaktadır. Bu güvensizliğin aşılması için sadece organ bağışının ne olduğunun anlatılması değil aynı zaman da beyin ölümünden organ nakline kadar sürecin nasıl işletildiğinin açık olarak açıklaması gerekmektedir.