bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association between Insomnia Disorder and Depression in the General Population of Qatar: The Role of Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Khaled Salma Mawfek , Petcu Catalina Gabriela , Al-Thani Maryam Ali , Al-Hamadi Aisha Mohammed , Woodruff Peter
Published: December 2020

Background: There is emerging evidence that supports a role for inflammatory processes and insomnia in the pathophysiology of depression. However, little is known about the role of inflammation in depression and insomnia in non-clinical populations. Aims: We aimed to estimate the association between inflammatory illness, depression and insomnia in the Qatari population. We hypothesized that inflammatory illness would be associated with sub-clinical depression and insomnia in the Qatari population. Methods: We used probability-based sampling on a representative sample (N= 1,611) of Qatar’s adult household population. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using computer-assisted technology as part of the SESRI’s annual omnibus survey in 2019. We used the Espie’s (2014) Sleep Condition Indicator, to assess insomnia symptoms, and PHQ-9 and GAD-2 for subthreshold depression (SUBD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and anxiety. Health information including personal and family history of inflammatory disease were also collected. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were conducted. Results: Among those with no inflammatory disease, the 30-day prevalence of subthreshold and major depression in those with insomnia disorder compared to those without insomnia was (SUBD: 5.3% vs 2.9%; MDD: 7.2% vs 0.6%, P<0.001), respectively. In contrast, among respondents with inflammatory disease, the prevalence of subthreshold and major depression in those with insomnia compared to those without insomnia was (SUBD: 11.8% vs 3.6%; MDD: 17% vs 1.7%, P<0.001), respectively. In crude (adjusted for age, gender, and household type) models with depression as a dependent variable, a statistically significant association between SUBD and insomnia was found (OR=4.2, P<0.01), while much stronger association was found between major depression and insomnia (OR=20.4, P<0.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the possible impact of inflammatory disease on mental health in the otherwise healthy population of Qatar.
Face Recognition and Summarization for Surveillance Video Sequences
Authors: Maadeed Somaya , Almaadeed Noor , Elharrouss Omar
Published: December 2020

Face recognition and video summarization represent challenging tasks for several computer vision applications including video surveillance, criminal investigations, and sports applications. For long videos, it is difficult to search within a video for a specific action and/or person. Usually, human action recognition approaches presented in the literature deal with videos that contain only a single person, and they are able to recognize his action. This paper proposes an effective approach to multiple human action detection, recognition, and summarization. The multiple action detection extracts human bodies’ silhouette then generates a specific sequence for each one of them using motion detection and tracking method. Each of the extracted sequences is then divided into shots that represent homogeneous actions in the sequence using the similarity between each pair frames. Using the histogram of the oriented gradient (HOG) of the temporal difference map (TDMap) of the frames of each shot, we recognize the action by performing a comparison between the generated HOG and the existed HOGs in the training phase which represents all the HOGs of many actions using a set of videos for training.
Mega Events and Crowd Evacuation at Tourist Attractions: A Case Study of Souq Waqif using Pedestride® Crowd Simulation Tool
Authors: Abdelaal Ali , Dias Charitha , Sarvi Majid , Alhajyaseen Wael , Tarlochan Faris
Published: December 2020

Evacuating individuals at large gathering places can be achieved safely and efficiently through the detailed understanding of crowd dynamics within a certain location. Souq Waqif is a major tourist attraction in Qatar that is expected to see a sever increase in the number of visitors throughout the FIFA World Cup 2022 period. Due to the complexity of running evacuation drills in public areas, crowd simulation software are commonly used to assess crowd management and control strategies at such locations. The present study is aimed at gauging crowd dynamics in Souq Waqif during both normal and emergency evacuation using Pedestride® Crowd Simulation tool. The tool has been developed at Melbourne University, and was validated and calibrated using empirical data collected through real-world observations as well as controlled experiments. The study demonstrated that at increased demands and during emergency evacuation, crowds are likely to take similar routes what leads to a much higher flows towards certain exits. Moreover, the results showed that increasing visitors demands could raise the maximum crowd density to unsafe level of 6 person per square meter at specific gates and junctions. In order to mitigate unfavorable situations such as stampeding in the course of an emergency, dynamic exit signs are proposed to direct crowds to nearest and least occupied exits.
Investigating the use of a Lecture Capture System within Pharmacy Education: Lessons from an Internationally Accredited Undergraduate Pharmacy Program
Authors: Hussain Farhat Naz , Al-Mannai Reem , Diab Mohammad Issam , Agouni Abdelali
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Video lecture capture has been introduced to support students learning and assist with grasping difficult concepts. A variety of benefits is offered through the Echo360 system introduced at our institution nearly a decade ago. Methods: We evaluated lecture capture viewings for professional undergraduate pharmacy courses in the Fall and Spring semesters over three academic years and analyzed data for one cohort of students. Each course within the pharmacy program was analyzed and viewing figures downloaded through the Echo360 management system. The average number of views per lecture, per semester was summarized. Results: Junior students viewed lecture capture most frequently with the number of views highest at the beginning of the academic year. Year 1 students had the highest percentage of courses viewed by a number equal to or higher than students enrolled (9 occurrences out of 16 or 56%), followed by year 2 students (9 occurrences out of 21 or 43%), and finally year 3 students (3 occurrences out of 11 or 27%). Longitudinal data was also gathered for the Class of 2020 over three academic years. Conclusion/future directions: Further quantitative and qualitative studies are warranted to fully grasp the motivations for use, attitudes and perceptions towards the system. To ensure optimal use of the system by both students and faculty for a multitude of learning and teaching styles and methods, professional development sessions for students and faculty can be implemented to display the advantages of the lecture capture system and maximize the benefits from its availability. This study has now been published.
Arabic Language Topics in Al Arab Qatari Newspaper: A Study in Journalistic Treatment Patterns
Authors: Elkilany Elsayed Abdelwahed
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this research is to explore the patterns of journalistic treatments for issues of Arab Language in Al Arab Qatari newspaper during the year of 2017. It also seeks to understand the degree to which this journalistic behavior enhances Qatar National identity. The importance of this research, which is funded by Qatar National Research Fund, No. UREP21-095-5-009 is to test the relationship between journalistic practices in relation to coverage of Arabic language issues and national identity. As interdisciplinary research combining Arabic language and journalism studies, its data were gathered by students of Arabic and Mass Communication Departments. The study adopted the descriptive and analytical approach to explore a sample of 841 publications that covered 10 linguistic forms including folk literature, translation, sermon, thought, novel, narration, poetry, story, drama and others as well as 6 editorial forms including investigative report, news report, dialogue, news, article, feature story and others. We analyze both the editorial content and the layout treatment. The results showed a statistical significance in the use of different editorial forms to demonstrate the Arabic language topics in Al Arab Qatari newspaper as well as the use of different layout techniques such as positioning, size, headline style and the accompanying visual elements. Future studies can compare the influence of different journalistic practices on national identity.
The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Restoring Green Concepts: Qataris Response to Social Media Campaigns
Authors: Hassan Rana
Published: December 2020

This research focuses on consumer behavior in Qatar and the individual social responsibility in support of environment. The research also describes the role of social media and CSR in promoting awareness campaigns and how effective they are in changing conceptions and behavior. This is measured by focusing on standards, emotions and actions of individuals and how they are affected by CSR campaigns launched by corporations and public sectors.The study measures the uses and impact of new media technology such as mobile applications and social media in achieving the environment pillar of Qatar vision 2030 in addition to designing effective CSR campaign. The Trans theoretical Model of behavior change, by Prochaska and DiClemente (1983) will be examined through a quantitative analysis on social media users.
ARTHASHASTRA V/S GRAHASHASTRA- A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF GOLD MONETISATION SCHEME (GMS) IN INDIA
Authors: Patni Ity , Choubey Somya
Published: December 2020

Indian people treasure investment in Gold. The quantum of perceived value weighs more as emotional quotient is higher for this yellow metal. Families in India think that ‘gold brings good fortune’. This inclination can be observed with the supporting fact that India has outshined itself as the largest gold consumer with 703 tons of gold jewelry in the year 2015. The summative demand of gold jewelry and investment has risen by 6% through which the demand has surged to 890 tons in this year (Shawn, 2016). Phenomenon for investment in gold in India and China is inelastic, despite of price fluctuations, populace continues gaze at gold.
A REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND PERFORMANCE OF FLAT PLATE SOLAR WATER HEATER WITH DIFFERENT FLOW RATES
Authors: Kumar Tripathi Shiv , Aijaz Mohammad Azim
Published: December 2020

The analysis of thermal performance of the flat-plate collector includes parameters such as solar intensity, ambient temperature and configuration of flat-plate collectors etc. A Solar Water Heater are devices which are provides hot water for bathing, washing, cleaning, etc. using of solar energy. It is generally installed where sunlight are available. The solar energy is the most capable of the alternative energy sources. Solar energy is considered an attractive source of renewable energy that can be used for water hearing in both homes and industry.
A CASE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF GARMENT RETAILING WITH CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Authors: Dubey Manish , Saini Siddharth , Umekar Srishti
Published: December 2020

These are testified through the escalating figure of the garment market is also by the growing tally of fashion brands and retailers whose has occupied substantial share of the country’s retail space. The apparel industry reflects people’s lifestyles and shows their social and economic status. The apparel industry is India’s second largest industry after the IT industry. Young consumer group have gained significant importance from marketers in recent years because of their purchasing power.
BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF PUS SAMPLE COLLECTED FROM A COW: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Ganguly Subha
Published: December 2020

The present article reports on the bacteriological examination and antibiotic sensitivity test of pus sample collected from an abscess at the neck region of a cow.
ASSESSING BUSINESS PROCESS RE-ENGINEERING IN PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS THROUGH AN ANALYSIS OF ATM TRANSACTIONS
Authors: Swami Devendra , Chakraborty Shankar , Sinha Swami Meenakshi
Published: December 2020

Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) technique implements organizational change based on the close coordination of a methodology for rapid change, employee empowerment and training and support through information technology.  Alternate Delivery Channels are a part of BPR in public and private sector banks in India and includes ATMs, Automated Cheque Deposit Machines, Green Channel Counter Machines (GCCs), Cash Deposit Machines (CDMs) and Barcode Passbook Printers. ATM cash dispensing machines have revolutionised the very concept of money withdrawal. This research paper tries to compare the cost of routine manual banking transaction with the ATM transaction through cost-benefit analysis with the objective of finding out advantages of promoting ATM usage and migrating more and more customers to the ATM channel. ATM transactions have been on the rise easing the process of withdrawal and transfer of money for the common man. This has also been of help to the banking service providers, connected customers and efficient payment for the sellers of goods and services as ATM machines have come up close to markets.
FINANCIAL INCLUSION: A PRELUDE TO ECONOMIC STATUS OF VULNERABLE GROUP
Authors: Sharma Mukesh Kumar
Published: December 2020

India is a country where a sizeable amount of population lives in rural areas. They are engaged in agriculture and allied activities. Most of the people living in rural areas are poor. They do not have any access to the banks. The awareness and access of the poor to the banking services is important for the alleviation of the poverty. Their access to the banking services will contribute a lot to the growth and development of our country’s economy. Financial inclusion is a great weapon to overcome the financial backwardness as well as the establishment of good governance.It broadens the resource base of the financial system by developing a culture of savings among large segment of rural population, disadvantaged group and plays an essential role in the process of economic development. The Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) have been making concentrated efforts periodically to overcome such vicious problems by promoting Financial Inclusion, being one of the important national objectives of the country. Since first phase of nationalization (1969) GoI continuously promoting financial inclusion through self-help groups, no frills account, simplification of KYC, Business correspondents etc., but no palpable effect could be seen in the plight of these financially vulnerable people. To mitigate this long drawn financial sufferings, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced a new scheme in his Independence Day speech on 15th Aug 2014 called Pradhan Mantri Jan DhanYojana (PMJDY). Mission of PMJDY is to ensure easy access of financial services for the excluded section i.e. weaker section and the low income group. This effort will certainly go a long way in promoting economic growth and reducing poverty, while mitigating systematic risk and maintaining financial stability. This article focuses on the RBI, GoI initiatives, current status and future prospects of financial inclusion in India on the basis of facts and data provided by various secondary sources. It is concluded that financial inclusion shows positive and valuable changes.
FOOTWEAR SECTOR IN INDIA: A ROLE OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Kumar Neeraj , Gupta Varun
Published: December 2020

Footwear sector is a very significant segment of Leather and NonLeather products in India. The size of Indian Domestic Footwear Industry is estimated to be worth 1919 million pairs where leather and non-leather Footwear per capita consumption is estimated to be approx. 1.61 pairs.

The major component of footwear sector is a design, product development, clicking, closing, component, lasting & finishing. Advanced technologies in the area of shoe design systems, automation, cost savings and productivity improvements as well as enabling new developments in footwear sector in India.

Although today footwear is produced using many similar methods to those employed all those years ago, obvious technological innovations in machinery, raw materials, production and testing techniques have changed what was to all intents and purposes a cottage industry into a multi-billion dollar sector. At the same time, recent years have seen a distinct shift in factory location away from the traditional industrial heartlands of Europe and North America to the new lands of opportunity, primarily in Asia.

The purpose of this paper is to review the areas where advanced technologies can significantly affect the way of footwear sector is practiced. Strategies for implementation of the necessary changes in practice are also discussed.
How Tact Influences Reputation
Authors: Xue Yuqing
Published: December 2020

For this assignment, students analyzed everyday writing—writing that we might not think about in the same ways as we think about writing at a university—and how communities use this everyday writing to accomplish a particular goal. In this case, Yuqing Xue looked at how the Chinese fans of Korean pop music (K-pop) stars use tact to subtly persuade other fans to further the community’s goals: to keep their idols’ reputations intact and to make them as popular as possible. K-pop fan groups recently demonstrated the power of their coordinated action campaigns by booking tickets for a Trump rally that they had no intention of attending. These inflated numbers led the Trump campaign to believe that more supporters would attend their rally than did. This recent example reveals how the writing of communities that we believe to be trivial may wield power and influence in other contexts.
Real and Fake
Authors: Su Kai
Published: December 2020

This paper is an example of an assignment that called for a rewrite of a traditional fairy tale for a different audience. In no more than 500 words, students had to re-imagine a fairy tale of their choice and make grammatical and rhetorical choices that would speak to their chosen audience. Next, students had to describe their writing process and indicate what they learned about their language and genre knowledge as a result of their rewrite.

“Real and Fake” is a rewrite of “The Little Red Riding Hood.” The student, Kai Su, decided to turn it into a horror story.
Los primeros trazos del mapa: la "Ciudad Letrada" de Gabriel René Moreno
Authors: Parra Triana Clara Marí­a
Published: December 2020

Este artí­culo ofrece un acercamiento crí­tico interpretativo al texto de Gabriel René Moreno, íšltimos dí­as coloniales en el Alto Perú (1896), considerando como eje central la anticipación con la que se utiliza el concepto de "ciudad letrada" y el modo en que se elabora el relato histórico exegético desde la particular conformación del archivo preindependentista. Se analiza el discurso historiográfico de Moreno desde las perspectivas históricas de Dominic LaCapra y José Luis Romero, con el fin de establecer el aporte del documentalista y bibliógrafo boliviano a los actuales debates en torno a las relaciones de poder letradas y los ejercicios de resistencia, a partir del uso de la oralidad popular.
Miguel Cané: la escritura como fracaso ejemplar
Authors: Canala Juan Pablo
Published: December 2020

Este artí­culo indaga en la escritura novelí­stica desconocida de Miguel Cané a partir de los papeles inéditos conservados en su archivo personal. La tensión entre las novelas escritas, pero jamás publicadas, y los pocos textos fragmentarios permiten complejizar la escritura de Cané y su figura como escritor y árbitro cultural. La evidencia material que da el archivo permite volver a pensar una concepción de autor y de obra sensiblemente más rica que la clásica caracterización de los escritos de Cané.
La polí­tica de los afectos en La resta de Alia Trabucco Zerán: corporalidades en el lí­mite de las clases sociales
Authors: Ternicier Espinosa Constanza
Published: December 2020

La resta (2015) de Alia Trabucco Zerán (Santiago de Chile, 1983) puede ser leí­da a partir de una tensión de clase que es movilizada por medio de determinados tonos afectivos inscritos en los cuerpos de sus protagonistas. Trabucco nos propone una dialéctica entre los personajes de Felipe e Iquela a través de dos dimensiones que los confrontan desde una polí­tica de los afectos. En primer lugar, su corporalidad, que posee un carácter móvil, abierto y fusionado con la escritura y, en segundo término, la problemática de clase que determina sus derroteros. Es a través de esta fricción que se produce el juego de una resta que suma, o bien, de una suma que resta: operaciones dialógicas que permiten procesar el peso de la historia y de la muerte.
Ideologí­as lingüísticas en las obras misionero-coloniales sobre el mapudungun (Valdivia, Febres y Havestadt)
Authors: Cancino Cabello Nataly
Published: December 2020

Estudiamos las ideologí­as lingüísticas en las obras misionero-coloniales referidas al mapudungun: Arte (Luis de Valdivia, 1606), Arte (Andrés Febres, 1765) y Chilidúgú (Bernardo de Havestadt, 1777). Para ello, establecemos relaciones teóricas entre ideologí­as lingüísticas y lingüística misionera, y definimos un estudio interpretativo. En el análisis nos centramos en la concepción del mapudungun como lengua general y en la universalidad-particularidad del lenguaje. A partir de esto, corroboramos la presencia de ideologí­as lingüísticas en el conjunto, lo cual justifica su empleo como corpus.
Libertad y propiedad: formas de apropiación de recursos comunes en el diseño institucional neoliberal chileno, 1973-2020
Authors: Báez Urbina Francisco
Published: December 2020

El presente artí­culo aborda el extenso fenómeno de la privatización de las instituciones que coordinan y regulan las relaciones de producción y distribución entre agentes sociales y económicos. El texto, desde la historia y la teorí­a polí­tica, revisa algunos casos de apropiación de bienes colectivos observables en la última modernización capitalista chilena (1973-2020), bienes considerados por la literatura de las ciencias sociales y económicas como ejemplos de apropiación de propiedad colectiva. De esta manera, intenta contribuir a corroborar, con casos nacionales, pero tomando como telón de fondo ejemplos de carácter más bien universal, el argumento esgrimido por la economí­a polí­tica republicana democrática, que sostiene que la neoliberalización actual es la última etapa del proceso capitalista de apropiación privada de la propiedad colectiva. Metodológicamente, este artí­culo se basó principalmente en la revisión documental de fuentes secundarias.
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz e Kate Chopin: literatura de resistência em sociedades moralistas e repressoras
Authors: Piaia Miquela
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo traz uma breve biografia sobre duas escritoras que abordaram nas linhas de suas obras importantes questionamentos sobre o papel da mulher dentro de sociedades nas quais as vozes femininas não costumavam ser ouvidas. A poeta barroca mexicana Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1651 – 1695) e a escritora norte-americana Kate Chopin (1851-1904) foram duas precursoras da literatura de conscientização feminina. Procuramos mostrar como as autoras transgridem várias regras sociais e históricas em termos de questões de gênero no contexto de sociedades conservadoras – nas quais viviam. Como exemplo das suas escritas traremos o romance O Despertar (1899), no qual Chopin traça o desenvolvimento psicológico e sexual de uma jovem norte-americana em meio à comunidade creole de Nova Orleans. E Hombres Necios, poema de Juana Inés que faz uma crítica às sátiras que ridicularizavam as mulheres e eram muito comuns naquela época. Este trabalho aborda a contextualização literária, social, histórica e cultural das autoras, trazendo informações sobre as suas relações com o feminismo e, por fi m, uma breve análise de suas obras sob a ótica feminista. É possível concluir que Juana Inés de la Cruz e Kate Chopin representam a vanguarda na luta pela eliminação das discriminações de gênero.
Pengembangan Inisiatif, Kemandirian, dan Tanggung Jawab untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pembelajaran Peserta Didik
Authors: Suherman Suherman , Budiamin Amin
Published: December 2020

DEVELOPMENT OF INITIATIVES, INDEPENDENCE, AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF STUDENT LEARNING. The learning process will take place effectively and productively if students have psychological competence and strength in the form of initiative, independence, and responsibility in learning activities. Students who have the initiative, independence, and low responsibility are suspected to experience obstacles and difficulties in the learning process, and will be trapped in immaturity and stagnation in development. This research aims to develop guidelines for the development of initiatives, independence, and responsibility, so that students can undergo the learning process effectively and independently. If students have the initiative, independence, and responsibility, the learning process is expected to produce quality outputs that can develop students to have abilities according to their potential, can face future challenges, and have quality job and career orientation, so they are able to compete in a global society. With a quasi-experimental method and collaborative action research approach, this study involved 260 respondents and two guidance and counseling teachers in two state junior high schools in West Bandung Regency. The research produced guidelines that were tested that could effectively develop the initiative, independence, and responsibility of junior high school students.
Konseling Kelompok Eksistensial untuk Meningkatkan Sense of School Belonging pada Siswa SMK Se-Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Ardini Fadhila Malasari , Setyowati Aprilia , Fauziah Mufied
Published: December 2020

EXISTENTIAL GROUP COUNSELING TO IMPROVE SENSE OF SCHOOL BELONGING IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS IN YOGYAKARTA CITY. The aim of this study was to develop existential group conseling model to increase sense of belonging vocational school stundents in Yogyakarta. The development of group counseling models using an existential approach is one alternative that can be used to improve the sense of school belonging. The type of research used is Research and Development model that developed by Borg and Gall. The research subjects were students of State Vocational Schools in Yogyakarta who had low sense of school belonging. Data collection techniques using the sense of school belonging scale adapted from The Psychological Sense of School Membership (PSSM) Scale, developed by Carol Goodenow. Through testing the model, it is known that the average posttest score has increased from 42.75 to 52.75, meaning that the average value of students' sense of school belonging has changed by 10. As for the minimum value, the pretest scores obtained the minimum student is 34.00 in the low category, experiencing a change in grades when the post-test becomes 42.00 in the medium category, meaning that there are no students in the low category. For the maximum score, which in the pretest the maximum value of the students is 47.00 in the medium category, it changes in the score at the post test to be 65.00 in the high category.
Tembang Dolanan Jawa sebagai Media Pendidikan Karakter
Authors: Sari Annisa Mawaddah Mutiara , Hartati Sofia , Sumadi Tjipto
Published: December 2020

JAVANESE TEMBANG MUSIC AS A CHARACTER EDUCATION MEDIA. The purpose of this study was to study about Dolanan Song can be character media or develop character in Sidogemah Village. Dolanan song is a tradition in Sidogemah Village to develop the character of young children. This research was carried out for 6 months, housed in Sidogemah Village, Sayung Subdistrict, Demak Regency Data collection techniques using the method of observation, documentation, and interview. This research used etnography method with descriptive qualitative. Then the results are obtained that Dolanan song is a song from generation to generation in the land of Java, containing deep meaning. Parenthood is conveyed by parents to children as a form of character education. The process of character education by parents of children in Sidogemah Village, Sayung Subdistrict, Demak Regency is developed before going to sleep, at school, and when children play. The process of character building of children through dolanan song in Sidogemah Village, Sayung District, Demak Regency can be classified into three, namely knowing, doing and caring.
A Corpus-Based Investigation of Manner/State Complement Constructions in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Jin Hong Gang , Tao Hongyin , Zhang Jie
Published: December 2020

This study is an investigation of the complement constructions of manner and state (CM/S, e.g. ta de zi xie de hao‘s/he writes character well’) based on a corpus of written Chinese. We find that CM/S have preferred forms and functions. Formally speaking, a monosyllabic verb, preferably bian ‘change, become’, basic action verbs, or psychological state verbs tend to co-occur with complements of adjectival, clausal, or idiomatic expressions. CM/S are argued to be an assessment device indexing speaker evaluative stances. The loaded affective meanings, we contend, account for the larger and more complex forms than their standard assessment counterparts. The implications of these findings on Chinese syntactic research and on L2 learning are explored.
Chinese Sentence-Initial Indefinites: What Corpora Reveal
Authors: Morbiato Anna
Published: December 2020

The sentence-initial position in Chinese* is generally associated with givenness and definiteness (Li and Thompson 1976, 1981 and subsequent literature). However, observations have been raised against this association, e.g., with informationally new sentence-initial referents (Paul, 2015) or even indefinite ones (Bisang, 2016; B. Lu, Zhang, & Bisang, 2015). Furthermore, literature has emerged that offers contradictory findings, including Fan (1985) and subsequent studies on so-called ‘indefinite subject sentences’ (无定主语句). However, little is known of the statistical relevance of the phenomenon of sentence-initial indefinites (SIIs), as well as its interaction with features connected to linear order (e.g., animacy). Crucially, corpus-based studies on the topic remain the minority and are usually conducted on relatively small, genre-specific corpora. This paper adopts corpus methodologies and tools to investigate the phenomenon of SIIs, with a particular focus on determining (i) the statistical relevance of SIIs of the type of ‘一CLF N’ in big-size corpora, and (ii) whether there is an interaction with the semantic feature of animacy. To this end, it proposes the results of quantitative and qualitative analyses conducted on three major big-size, generalised corpora, namely the PKU CCL corpus (Peking University, 470 million characters), the BCC corpus (Beijing Language and Culture University, 15 billion characters), and the ZHTenTen (Stanford Tagger) corpus mounted at Sketch Engine (13,5 billion characters). The analysis highlights that SIIs are not only possible, but also statistically relevant. Furthermore, it shows that the semantic trait of animacy plays an important role, as animate indefinites are significantly more likely to occur sentence-initially. Finally, it singles out and discusses a new pattern featuring a proper noun introduced by ‘一CLF’.
Evidentiality ‘In’ and ‘As’ Context
Corpus-based insights about the Mandarin V-过 construction
Authors: Tantucci Vittorio
Published: December 2020

In this paper we argue that evidentiality can be a category of a linguistic system that emerges from the intersection between form, usage and ‘contextual situatedness’. We provide a multivariate corpus-based case study about the usage of the V-过 guo construction in written Mandarin, and show how the text types in which the chunk appears significantly contribute to determine its pragmatic usage and its emergent meaning grounded in shared knowledge and collective recognition. This approach sheds new light on two critical issues. The first is that evidentiality is an important grammatical category of documentary, factual and academic prose in Mandarin Chinese. The second, much broader, claim of this paper is that generalisations about grammatical/semantic categories need to account for the usage of specific item in context. In this sense, ‘physical and socio-cultural situatedness’ is as important a dimension as form and meaning in order to define categorial membership.
What Can The Corpus of Mid-20th Century Hong Kong Cantonese Tell Us About Early Hong Kong Society?
Authors: Chin Andy
Published: December 2020

This paper reports on a corpus-based sociolinguistic study of terms of address with a special focus on kinship terms found in The Corpus of Mid-20th Century Hong Kong Cantonese (http://hkcc.eduhk.hk/) which has a size of about one million Chinese character tokens. The corpus data was collected by transcribing the speech dialogues of 80 black-and-white movies produced in Hong Kong between 1940 and 1970. The kinship terms extracted from the corpus can tell us about the family structure and marital life of Hong Kong six decades ago.
Travessias em português
Reflexões naturalistas sobre línguas em sala de aula
Authors: Pires de Oliveira Roberta
Published: December 2020

The naturalistic reflection on languages directs, in the acquisition of another language, for the hypothesis that there are grammars in construction, there are no errors. These grammars may reveal moments of bottlenecks, in which the target language parameters do not correspond to those of the learner’s language. The grammaticality (or not) of the bare singular, productive only in Brazilian Portuguese, describes different grammars. This essay argues that this may be a bottleneck and suggests that talking about the grammars involved in the acquisition process may support in acquisition.
Enactivism and Normativity
The Case of Aesthetic Gestures
Authors: Boncompagni Anna
Published: December 2020

Enactivist approaches claim that cognition arises through a dynamic interaction between an acting organism and its environment. An ongoing challenge for these approaches is the problem of accounting for normativity while avoiding overly reductionist outcomes. This article examines a few proposed solutions, including agent-environment dynamics, participatory sense-making, radical enactivism, the skilful intentionality framework, and enactivist cultural psychology. It argues that good examples of enacted normativity are gestures of appreciation/disapproval performed in the aesthetic domain. Both Wittgenstein and Dewey explore this issue and their ideas could be productively worked upon in an enactive account.
4E’s Are Too Many
Why Enactive World-Making Does Not Need The Extended Mind Thesis
Authors: Scarinzi Alfonsina
Published: December 2020

4E’s cognition – embodied, embedded, enacted, extended – replaces the cognitivist notion of world-mirroring with an active process of world-making: cognition needs no mental representation and is distributed over body, brain and environment. In recent years, the remark that extended cognition is not enactive and that the embodied approach to cognition fails to provide a definition of body raise the question of whether a postcognitivist approach to experience needs 4E’s. This contribution suggests that it does not. The enactive body as a moving sense-making-system informed by phenomenology and pragmatism and its role in the constitution of the distinctive quality of an experience are discussed.
Imagens, águas e o universo da pesca marítima
Authors: Silva Rubens Elias da , Rodrigues Ferreira Roberth
Published: December 2020

Este trabalho tem como propósito estabelecer diálogo entre imagens sobre pesca e as possíveis narrativas sobre o cotidiano em duas comunidades costeiras do sul do Rio Grande do Norte. A pesquisa de campo deu-se no período de setembro de 2009 a setembro de 2011 no município costeiro de Baía Formosa, litoral sul potiguar. As idas ao campo davam-se nos fins de semana e feriados prolongados. As negociações para as idas ao mar eram feitas após longas conversas à beira-mar, quando a confiança entre o pesquisador e os pescadores estava consensualmente construída. As imagens produzidas em campo retratavam o cotidiano do mundo da pesca, a descrição da cultura costeira, como objetos de trabalho, embarcações, festividade religiosa e relações familiares e de vizinhança.
impacto do aumento na conta de energia elétrica de consumidores de Santarém - Pa: um estudo de caso
Authors: Da Costa Lobato Tarcísio , Sousa Brito Marcos Andrey
Published: December 2020

Este artigo demonstra a incidência da carga tributária no preço finalda energia elétrica para os consumidores residenciais da cidade de Santarém/PA e o peso que o alto valor cobrado pela Celpa tem no orçamento dapopulação. A energia constitui um bem essencial fazendo com que haja impactodireto no orçamento mensal e, consequentemente, na renda obtida pelasfamílias. A metodologia utilizada teve por finalidade demonstrar a carga tributáriaincidente sobre a conta de luz, utilizou-se também de pesquisa de campo,onde foram aplicados questionários para uma amostra de 30 consumidores deenergia da localidade. Os resultados mostram que no período estudado, em média16,51% da renda é destinada à conta de energia elétrica, e que para cada10% de aumento na renda, em média, acrescenta cerca de 5,53% a sua contade energia. Assim, pode-se afirmar que o maior problema a ser enfrentado noprocesso de tributação no Brasil está em fazer uma reforma tributária com maiorprofundidade, de modo a reduzir o custo dos produtos e serviços brasileiros paraque o consumidor possa melhorar seu poder de compra e a sua qualidade devida real pagando menos pelo preço de um serviço essencial.
Zwischen Belebung und Trauma
Authors: Thomas Axel
Published: December 2020

Das Fremdgehen soll als Selbstverletzungs-Symptom von Paarbeziehungen in der Krise phänomenologisch beschrieben werden. Wir erleben in der Paartherapie eine Paarbeziehung, die sich aus einem vielversprechenden Anfang zu einer unerträglichen Beziehungsform entwickelt hat, da erbarmungslos an überfordernden Entwürfen festgehalten wird. Das Fremdgehen lässt die Folgen dieser Deformation als ein Trauma zutage treten. In der Paartherapie wird diese verletzende Form in einer Neu-Inszenierung zu bewältigen versucht, in dem sich die Beziehungsform auf die TherapeutInnen ausweitet und überträgt. Diese Neu-Inszenierung wird als ein Handlungsdialog verstanden. Durch sehr konkrete Erweiterungsund Begrenzungsbemühungen kann der Raum für eine supportive Bewältigung der Traumatisierung eröffnet werden.
Verrat am Anderen. Verrat am Selbst
Authors: Herberth Franz
Published: December 2020

Wir entwickeln von Kindheit an unsere Fähigkeit, in Parallelwelten zu leben: In der linearen Welt der äußeren Wirklichkeit und in der grandiosen kreativen Welt, die wir im Spiel und in der Liebe erschaffen. Die gelingende Integration dieser beider Welten ist eine Voraussetzung für das Entstehen der Erfahrung einer kohärenten Innenwelt, ebenso wie der wechselseitigen loyalen Bezogenheit zwischen Selbst und Welt. Dilemmata entstehen, wenn eingegangene Loyalitätsverpflichtungen gegenüber den Eltern und, als Erwachsener, einem Partner gegenüber, zu einer Belastung werden und das subjektive Bedürfnis nach Authentizität und Freiheit beeinträchtigen.
Kinderbetreuung in Frankreich vor dem Hintergrund aktueller anthropologischer und neurowissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse
Authors: Serban Adrian
Published: December 2020

In Frankreich hat die Fremdbetreuung von Säuglingen eine lange Tradition. Schon im 18. Jahrhundert wurden in Großstädten wie Paris und Lyon 90 % der Neugeborenen aus allen sozialen Schichten gegen Entgelt Ammen auf dem Land anvertraut, wo sie ihre ersten Lebensjahre verbrachten. Die dadurch bedingte hohe Kindersterblichkeit wurde durch gezielte Maßnahmen im Laufe der Zeit gesenkt und die früh ansetzende Säuglingsfremdbetreuung institutionalisiert, sodass sie heute noch die von der Mehrheit der Eltern bevorzugte Betreuungsform darstellt. Grundlage dafür ist die schon bald nach der Geburt angestrebte emotionale Trennung von Mutter und Kind wie auch eine kulturell tief verwurzelte systematische Unterschätzung der affektiven Bedürfnisse von Säuglingen und ihrer Bedeutung für die Persönlichkeitsentwicklung. Das steht heute im Widerspruch zu Erkenntnissen aus der Neurowissenschaft und der vergleichenden Anthropologie, die darauf hinweisen, dass die optimale Entwicklung von Säuglingen und Kleinkindern nur unter Berücksichtigung ihrer Grundbedürfnisse nach Nähe und emotionaler Sicherheit stattfinden kann.
Spaces of Modernity: Ethnic Shows in Poznań, 1879–1914
Authors: Demski Dagnosław
Published: December 2020

The focus of this article is on the ethnic shows organized in Poznań, a middle-sized European city that was part of the network of German Völkerschauen between 1879 and 1914. The author places the ethnic shows in the context of modern urban experience, where the establishment of zoological garden space enabled direct interactions between actors, animals, and the audience, thus creating a distinct sensory world, a kind of enclave within an urban landscape. Based on the local press coverage, the article tracks the changes over time in how the shows evolved in form, theme, and message when covering the expanding numbers of touring groups that provided live lessons of exotic people as entertainment. A close reading of varying accounts of the Polish- and German-language press indicates that some of the described episodes were perceived differently. The article presents ethnic shows from the vantage of the rapidly transforming city at the turn of the 20th century in accordance with the economic and cultural trends operating there.
Joan Melcion: del Digui, Digui a les necessitats actuals en l’aprenentatge del català
Authors: Comajoan-Colomé Llorenç , Torras-Oliveras Eulàlia
Published: December 2020

Joan Melcion Tenas (Camprodon, 1954) és llicenciat en Filosofia i Lletres i va ser professor de llengua catalana des de 1979 fins a 1994 a l'Escola Oficial d'Idiomes (EOI) de Barcelona, on també va fer de director. Va ser director del Servei d'Idiomes Moderns (SIM, actualment Servei de Llengües) a la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona en els períodes 1994-2006 i 2016-2019. Pel que fa a l'ensenyament del català com a llengua segona i estrangera va ser coordinador i coautor de Digui, digui (1984), material de referència en aquest camp. En l'àmbit de la literatura, destaca com a estudiós de l'obra de Pere Calders.
Feminisme i amistats arreu del món: passions quotidianes en català
Authors: Stumpp Laura
Published: December 2020

Feminisme i amistats arreu del món: passions quotidianes en català
Vilagrasa, Albert (ed.) (2018). A punt 1. Curs de català. Llibre de l'alumne. Publicacions de l'Abadia de Montserrat
Authors: Cama Llordés Isabel
Published: December 2020

Vilagrasa, Albert (ed.) (2018). A punt 1. Curs de català. Llibre de l'alumne. Publicacions de l'Abadia de Montserrat
Conocimiento ecológico asociado a las prácticas silvopastoriles en la Región Chaqueña Semiárida (Santiago del Estero, Argentina)
Authors: Roger Enrique
Published: December 2020

Introducción y objetivos: El Conocimiento Ecológico Tradicional forma parte del patrimonio cultural de los grupos humanos que habitan la región chaqueña semiárida. Hasta el presente no se lo había estudiado en el contexto silvopastoril, actividad socio-económica de importancia en la región. El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar el conocimiento ecológico actual en el contexto mencionado, e identificar, caracterizar y valorar las especies vegetales involucradas.
M&M: El estudio se realizó en el noreste de la provincia de Santiago del Estero (Argentina). Allí, previo consentimiento informado, se hicieron entrevistas a 55 personas seleccionadas a través de la técnica “bola de nieve”. Además, se hicieron caminatas etnobotánicas en las que se registraron los aspectos etnográficos relacionados con las practicas silvopastoriles. A su vez, se caracterizaron los ambientes ecológicos, y se analizó el contexto social, cultural y productivo. Se construyó el índice de valoración silvopastoril para valorar jerárquicamente las especies mencionadas por los entrevistados. 
Resultados: Se presenta información relacionada con las principales características del sistema social y productivo, las prácticas que el conocimiento ecológico orientó, las especies vegetales y animales involucradas en este contexto, estrategias de manejo, formas de provisión, aportes por unidades ambientales y valoración local de las especies. Se discute el valor de la flora local en los sistemas silvopastoriles tradicionales. 
Conclusiones: Los resultados de esta investigación dejan constancia de la importancia del conocimiento ecológico en la principal práctica socio-productiva local, que puede ser útil al momento de definir estrategias de manejo y conservación de la diversidad vegetal.
Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the state of the nervous system of experimental animals during intratracheal administration in doses corresponding to real production exposures
Authors: Gabidinova Gulnaz F.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Due to the expansion of production volumes and applications of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCN), a comprehensive toxicological assessment of the nanomaterial is required, followed by the development of approaches to regulating their content in various facilities to reduce the risks of adverse effects on human health. The aim of the study was to assess the state of the nervous system of experimental animals in response to intrapharyngeal introduction of MWCN in doses corresponding to real production exposures. Materials and methods. The object of the study was two-month-old C57BL mice. The experimental groups received by pharyngeal aspiration 20 mcg of MWCN in 0.1% solution of Twin 80; the control group was administered 0.1% Twin 80 in the same way. The nervous system was evaluated 24 hours and 30 days after exposure in a battery of behavioral tests. Results. The use of the "Open field" method allowed us to establish signs of increased anxiety and weakening of research responses in the experimental group 24 hours after exposure. After 30 days, the experimental group showed an increased level of anxiety in variable stress conditions compared to the control group. Conclusions. Thus, the conducted studies revealed some behavioral deviations in the experimental group compared to the control group 24 hours and 30 days after exposure, which suggests the presence of a General systemic or stress reaction to the introduction of the MWCN suspension.