bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancangan Pelayanan Bimbingan Konseling pada Abad 21
Authors: Tsani Ramadhani Muhammad Fajri
Published: April 2022

Guidance and Counseling (BK) as a process of providing assistance to individuals (students) can be carried out through various services. Currently these services are growing, not only can be done face-to-face directly, but also by utilizing existing media or information technology. The goal is to make the counseling process more interesting, interactive, and innovative, not hampered by space and time, but still paying attention to the principles and code of ethics in guidance and counseling. Furthermore, here are some innovations in providing Counseling Guidance services to SMK students
Pembelajaran Berkarakteristik Inovatif Abad 21 Pada Materi Kemandirian Karir Peserta Didik Dengan Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (Pbl) Di Smk Negeri 1 Adiwerna Tegal
Authors: Raharjo Deker
Published: April 2022

Innovative learning is a learning strategy that emphasizes the delivery of learning materials to students in the form of expository, inquiry, problem-based learning, improving thinking skills, cooperative learning, contextual learning, affective learning and scientific approaches. The formation of student character that needs to be developed in the pillars of national education which refers to the processing of values ​​in the areas of mind, feeling, physical or body, and processing the heart which becomes the spirit in moving thoughts, feelings, and will or known as thinking, feeling, exercising. heart and sport. Problem-based learning or Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a learning model that can help students to be active and independent in developing problem-solving thinking skills through searching data so that solutions are obtained rationally and authentically
Pembelajaran Berkarakteristik Inovatif Abad 21 pada Materi Kemandirian Karir Peserta didik dengan Metode Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (Pbl) di SMK Negeri 1 Adiwerna Tegal
Authors: Kurniawati Erni
Published: April 2022

Career independence is important for learners to determine the future for their lives. Self-reliance efforts are carried out both in the family, school, and community. If students have mature independence will be ready to plunge into society and ready to compete both in the world of work, the business world and when students continue. The goal in this learning is the effectiveness of the use of problem-based learning methods in increasing the career independence of students of class X DPIB 1 SMK Negeri 1 Adiwerna. in shaping the independence of learners' careers, using direct learning methods and contextual learning. Both methods are well implemented, but for more depth with goal-oriented then, problem-based learning methods are more effectively implemented, because learners can openly understand about careers more broadly. Can analyze about the type of career type, and learners can understand about the potential they have and can take decisions about the career so that learners can be more independent in determining their lives.
Rancangan Pembelajaran Berkarakteristik Pembelajaran Inovatif Abad 21 pada Materi Perdagangan Internasional dengan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk Meningkatkan Berfikir Kritis Siswa di SMP Negeri 5 Adiwerna
Authors: Roisah
Published: April 2022

This article presents how the Problem-Based Learning model is applied to International Trade material in class IX of SMP Negeri 5 Adiwerna. Learning Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) or Problem-Based Learning is a learning approach that uses real-world problems as a context for students to learn about critical thinking and problem-solving skills, as well as to acquire essential knowledge and concepts from the subject matter. Problem-based learning is used to stimulate higher-order thinking in problem-oriented situations, including learning. The steps of the learning model have 5 stages, namely: 1) The stage of student orientation to problems, 2) Stage of organizing students in learning, 3) Stage of guiding investigations individually or in groups, 4) The stage of developing and presenting the results of the work, 5) The stage of analyzing and evaluating the problem solving process. Furthermore, how the activities of teachers and students in the Problem Based Learning model in the number pattern material will be discussed in this article
Base Nacional Comum Curricular e inclusão escolar: problematizando os discursos acerca da construção de uma sociedade mais justa, democrática e inclusiva
Authors: De Oliveira Priscila , Lockmann Kamila
Published: April 2022

O texto objetiva analisar como os discursos da inclusão se fazem presentes na Base Nacional Comum Curricular. Apoiadas nos estudos pós-estruturalistas, realizamos uma análise documental das três versões publicadas da BNCC e evidenciamos um apagamento progressivo das discussões concernentes à inclusão, a cada versão da Base. Também salientamos que a última versão apresenta uma ênfase moral e sensibilizadora da inclusão, ao focalizar os discursos inclusivos nos sujeitos “normais”, seja por meio da sua sensibilização à diferença, seja por sua responsabilização na formação de uma sociedade mais justa e inclusiva. Argumentamos que a BNCC funciona no interior de uma governamentalidade neoliberal e aciona a noção de inclusão como instância de inscrição e produção dos sujeitos.
Letramento acadêmico-profissional: compreensões dos licenciandos em Letras sobre a educação linguística
Authors: Magalhães Tânia Guedes , Garcia-Reis Andréia
Published: April 2022

Objetivamos analisar um percurso formativo com estudantes de Letras, que integrou gêneros acadêmico-profissionais e pesquisa em imersão escolar. Considerando principalmente o Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo e os Novos Estudos de Letramentos, buscamos produzir sentido para o discurso dos licenciandos sobre as experiências com a linguagem neste processo formativo. Os dados revelam a) valorização do campo escolar como lócus de pesquisa e formação; b) necessidade de inserir os graduandos em práticas de letramento acadêmico-profissional; c) importância do trabalho coletivo; e d) repercussão frutífera da inserção dos graduandos em práticas de linguagem para a atuação profissional. Compreendemos que o percurso contribuiu com uma formação que possibilita novas estratégias na atuação docente.
Relações dialógico-valorativas da profissão docente em charges virtuais: revisitando representações sociais
Authors: Ribeiro Pollyanne Bicalho , Rodrigues Daniella Lopes Dias ignácio
Published: April 2022

Este artigo visa analisar modos de representar a profissão docente em charges veiculadas no ambiente virtual, a fim de refletir sobre discursos propagados na internet sobre o trabalho do professor no contexto da pandemia e que estão em pleno diálogo com discursos proferidos em outros contextos sociais. Como referencial teórico, partimos dos pressupostos da Teoria Dialógica do Discurso comungados com a Teoria das Representações Sociais. Por meio de análise comparativa de charges veiculadas na WEB no momento pandêmico de 2021, bem como no momento anterior a ele, tendo em vista o objetivo de cotejar discursos sobre a relação entre o trabalho docente e as tecnologias, percebemos a reiteração de representações que traduz a precariedade da educação, especificamente do trabalho remoto em período de quarentena, em relação aos protagonistas desse trabalho – professor e aluno.
تشخيص مستويات توفر الخصائص الريادية لدى القيادات الإدارية /دراسة‎ ‎استطلاعية‎ ‎لأراء‎ ‎عينة‎ ‎من القيادات الاداريه ‏‎ ‎في عدد من‎ ‎‏ الشركات الصناعيه ‏لمجموعه ‏UB GROUP‏ في قضاء زاخو ‏
Authors: Qasim Hussien Sinan , Hikmat Majeed Omar , Mohammed Ismeal Ahmad
Published: April 2022

أصبحت الريادة محورا لاهتمام الباحثين في الفكر الإداري كونها من المتطلبات الضرورية للتميز والمنافسه   في المنظمات المعاصرة وذلك بجانب ما تمتلكه من قدرات  إبداعية تساعدها  في تحسين أدائها ، إذ أن امتلاك   الخصائص الريادية من قبل المديرين  يسهم في إدخال الأفكار الجديدة من مختلف مصادرها إلى التنظيم، كما أنها تمكن المدريرون   من أداء الأعمال بطرائق   مميزة ومبتكرة مما يساعدهم على فهم محيطهم والتعامل بإيجابية عالية مع متغيراته وصولاً إلى الأهد اف التي تبغيها المنظمة. ويحاول البحث التعرف على دور الخصائص الريادية للمديرين في مجموعة الشركات الصناعية  " المتواجدة في قضاء  زاخو والتي تؤسس بموجبها العلاقات التنظيمية وصولاً إلى التفوق والتميز على الشركات المنافسة.

   و يتناول هذا البحث موضيعه في ثلاث جوانب : الاول الجانب المنهجي ، والثاني   الجانب النظري، والثالث : الجانب التطبيقي اذ نستعرض في المنهجية مشكله البحث وأهميته وأهدافه وفرضياته بينما في  الجانب الثاني  النظري يتناول طبيعة الريادة، مفهوم الريادة  ، أهمية الريادة،خصائص الريادة ، متطلبات الريادة ومعوقاتها.في حين ركز الجانب الثالث  التطبيقي على تشخيص  مستويات تولفر الخصائص الريادية في مجموعة الشركات   في قضاء  زاخو. واستخدمت الاستبانة كأداة رئيسة لجمع البيانات من الأفراد المبحوثين، بلغ عدد أفراد العينة ( 34) مديراً في  الشركات المبحوثة، وباستخدام العديد من الأساليب الإحصائية جرى اختبار فرضيات البحث الرئيسية والفرعية.وخلص البحث إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات و المقترحات التي يراها الباحثين مناسبة لتطوير  الخصائص الريادية لدى المديرين  في مجموعة الشركات المبحوثة   في قضاء   زاخو.
Fonología oracional y fonología del enunciado: sobre la constitución prosódica del discurso oral
Authors: Bedmar Gómez M.ª Jesús
Published: April 2022

En su momento, la valoración del componente prosódico del enunciado vino a soslayar el problema de las construcciones agramaticales: el grupo de entonación, unidad básica de análisis aplicable de forma sencilla con fines demarcativos, pasó a ser la unidad presente en cualquier manifestación oral, incluso en aquellas manifestaciones que no alcanzaban el rango de enunciado por falta de regularidad sintáctica. Los rasgos prosódicos parecían constituir el único recurso estructural identificable en la secuencia de habla, con lo cual la entonación adquirió un papel relevante respecto del sentido. A partir de tales consideraciones pierde protagonismo el enunciado.

Por nuestra parte, intentaremos demostrar que ni las quiebras sintácticas, ni las posibles oscilaciones o alteraciones de los patrones melódicos impiden que el sentido se establezca o se procure establecer de alguna manera; que no son obstáculo que haga peligrar la entidad enunciado porque si el sentido llega a prevalecer, la entidad enunciado prevalece también. Si las estructuras sintácticas y melódicas fallan, aparecen mecanismos restauradores que permiten la progresión discursiva, que, en consecuencia, permiten que el enunciado pueda mantenerse en pie. Para cumplir este propósito revisamos las bases de la fonología oracional y proponemos las bases para abordar la fonología del enunciado.
Uso de "por lo menos" en lugar de "por ejemplo" en el español de Caracas
Authors: González Díaz Consuelo
Published: April 2022

En este trabajo se examina el uso de las expresiones de ejemplificación –u operadores de concreción (OC)– en el español hablado de Caracas, con el propósito de determinar qué aspectos motivan el uso no canónico de la locución adverbial por lo menos en lugar de por ejemplo. Para el análisis de este uso particular, me he servido de 24 entrevistas del Corpus Sociolingüístico de Caracas (1987). Los parámetros propuestos son de dos tipos: i) lingüísticos –valores de los OC y del particularizador por lo menos (‘al menos’, ‘como mínimo’); modo de obtención del conocimiento o “evidencialidad”, y tópico tratado en el enunciado anterior y en la secuencia introducida por los OC y el particularizador por lo menos– y ii) sociales. Los resultados revelan que el uso de los OC está condicionado por factores sociales. Asimismo se observa que el empleo de por lo menos como OC está motivado por ciertos rasgos semántico-pragmáticos y discursivos compartidos por el particularizador por lo menos y por ejemplo, a saber: relación generalización-particularización, aporte de información de primera mano y mantenimiento del tópico tratado en una generalización anterior.
El diálogo en Fray Gerundio de Campazas y la relación oralidad-escrituralidad
Authors: Fernández Alcaide Marta
Published: April 2022

José Francisco Isla destaca en el olvidado siglo XVIII con su ingente Fray Gerundio de Campazas, dada la variedad de registros plasmados y que nos acercan a la situación de variación lingüística de la época, como un continuum concepcional entre la distancia y la inmediatez comunicativas. Nos interesa, sobre todo, este extremo. Por eso el análisis de la obra en este trabajo se centra en elementos propios de la interacción como los vocativos, las interjecciones, las interrupciones y los valores de las oraciones exclamativas e interrogativas.
'¿Multiculturaliqué?' La interrogación ecoica con '¿–qué?' en español y sus funciones discursivas
Authors: Casado Velarde Manuel
Published: April 2022

El fenómeno de la interrogación ecoica con ¿–qué? (¿Multiculturaliqué?, ¿Globalizaqué?, etc.) en español representa un fenómeno discursivo característico de intervenciones reactivas en intercambios conversacionales, o de la representación escrita de tales intercambios. En el presente artículo realizo una descripción formal y funcional de este recurso, en gran medida desatendido hasta ahora, y propongo una clasificación de sus funciones discursivas, mayoritariamente argumentativas en los usos documentados.
Aunque la función ecoica dirigida a clarificar un problema de comprensión puntual representa un uso vivo en el lenguaje oral de hoy o en su representación escrita, he podido documentar una gran mayoría de casos en que las preguntas ecoicas constituyen actos lingüísticos indirectos (preguntas retóricas) al servicio de diversas funciones argumentativas: expresión del desacuerdo en el empleo de una denominación (muy abundante en comentarios a noticias en línea, foros de Internet, redes sociales), ironía, humor, recurso para llamar la atención, “preguntas didácticas”, mostrar (o atribuir a otros) desinterés o desprecio por algo o alguien.
No todo da lo mismo: de la comparación al distanciamiento. El caso de "igual"
Authors: García Negroni María Marta , Marcovecchio Ana María
Published: April 2022

El ítem igual, en posición externa a la predicación, desencadena lecturas fuertemente convencionalizadas, aunque dispares, a un lado y otro del Atlántico. En efecto, una leyenda extraída de las vidrieras de un comercio del norte de la Argentina: A las mujeres, no se las golpea. Igual, no entienden, que en algunas variedades hispanoamericanas, por lo menos, produce que se interprete igual como un marcador de reformulación no parafrástico de distanciamiento (≡ ‘de todas maneras / de cualquier manera’), se vuelve opaca para los hablantes peninsulares, en la medida en que interpreten igual como un índice de duda (≡ ‘quizás / a lo mejor’). Sin embargo, reconocemos que ambos empleos proceden de un origen común: el adverbio de comparación, que deviene a su vez del adjetivo comparativo, y que comporta una cuantificación de indiferencia. Por consiguiente, este artículo ofrece una explicación acerca de cómo, a partir del adverbio que manifiesta ‘igualdad’, se desencadenan las lecturas de igual no solo como marcador de reformulación no parafrástico de distanciamiento sino también como marca de probabilidad, en primera posición del enunciado. Para que se produzca este desplazamiento semántico-pragmático en el margen de la predicación, es clave el contenido de cuantificación implícito en igual, que hace posible que se desprendan diferentes orientaciones argumentativas. Ciertamente, se trata de un fenómeno en el que convergen la gramaticalización, proceso según el que un elemento con significado (más) léxico adquiere un valor (más) funcional (Hopper y Traugott, 1993; Company Company, 2004, 2008; Diewal, 2011), y la lexicalización, por la cual una expresión se archiva como un bloque en el diccionario mental y se utiliza de forma global (Elvira, 2009).
Argumentación y oralidad: el caso de "además"
Authors: Portolés José
Published: April 2022

Generalmente se ha definido el significado del marcador del discurso además de acuerdo con sus usos escritos. No obstante, en el discurso oral informal existe un uso de este marcador que la definición habitual no explica; en él, además no conecta un miembro del discurso con otro miembro del discurso anterior expreso. Para describir este uso oral respetando el principio metodológico de la navaja de Grice, se propone enriquecer la definición de además con una instrucción de semántica polifónica.
Estrategias persuasivas en los anuncios de televenta
Authors: Prestigiacomo Carla
Published: April 2022

Los anuncios de televenta representan un ejemplo paradigmático de discurso argumentativo y perlocutivo. En ellos, el creativo adopta estrategias diferentes con el objetivo de que el interlocutor se sienta irresistiblemente atraído por el bien publicitado. En este trabajo se analizan todos aquellos elementos que, por sí mismos, pero sobre todo por el hábil juego de combinación al que están sometidos, pretenden convertir un discurso aparentemente informativo en un valioso instrumento de seducción.
Repercussões do cyberbullying na saúde mental dos adolescentes
Authors: Bottino Sara Mota Borges , Santos Romayne Mirelle , Martins Beatriz de Castilho , Regina Caroline Gomez
Published: April 2022

Considera-se cyberbullying quando um ou mais indivíduos utilizam os meios eletrônicos com a intenção de agredir, infligir injúria ou desconforto, humilhar, causar medo ou sensação de desespero no indivíduo que é alvo das agressões. Essas ações podem ser feitas via e-mail, salas de bate-papo, telefones celulares, mensagens instantâneas, cabines de votação online. As evidências indicam que 20-40% dos adolescentes terão pelo menos uma experiência com cyberbullying e que o número de cybervítimas está aumentando. O principal dano causado pelo cyberbullying é o de prejudicar a reputação da vítima, com repercussões que podem ser ainda maiores do que aquelas observadas no bullying tradicional. A vitimização relacionada ao cyberbullying está associada a problemas sociais e de comportamento, incluindo sintomatologia depressiva, abuso de substâncias psicoativas, tentativas de suicídio e suicídio, constituindo-se assim em problemas significativos para a saúde mental dos adolescentes.
Historiographical facts and historiographical sources in the study of the Paleolithic Era of the Crimean region
Authors: Cherkasov Aleksey Vladimirovich , Kozlov Mikhail Nikolaevich
Published: April 2022

The subject of this publication is an analysis of the content and nature of the categories "historical source", "historiographical fact", "historiographical source" in relation to the problems of Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic studies of the Crimean region in the second half of the XIX - XX centuries. The research methodology is based on the complex application of key scientific principles: historicism, logical interrelation, objectivity, comparative historical approach, retrospection. The problem field and structure of the article includes: the specification of the conceptual and categorical tools for the historiographical study of the Stone Age of the Crimean region, the formulation of priority issues of the primitive archeology of the peninsula, as well as a comparative characterization of the corpus of relevant historiographical and historical sources. From the authors' point of view, a historiographical view of the phenomenon of the formation and development of regional primitive archaeology allows us to more accurately describe the process of its genesis, identify and characterize nominational directions in research, give biographical portraits of scientists and researchers of ancient history, identify social, organizational and scientific factors influencing the process of knowledge formation. In other words, the new role of historiography of archaeology, together with the cognitive capabilities of the history as a science, creates a favorable opportunity not only to study the history of Russian archaeological knowledge, but also contributes to clarifying the methodological foundations of this direction.
Gender Differences in Professional Self-attitude of Passenger Train Stewards
Authors: Rostovtseva Marina Viktorovna , Kovalevich Igor' Anatol'evich , Yudina Yuliya Gennad'evna , Bogomaz Sergei Leonidovich , Potasheva Yuliya Leonidovna , Karaterzi Veronika Aleksandrovna
Published: April 2022

The article is the result of systematic complex work on psychological support of stewards of passenger cars. The author examines one of the factors of the formation and dynamics of the self-attitude of a transport services worker. The study is gender oriented. The purpose of this article is to identify and evaluate the reliability of passenger car stewards. The theoretical basis of the study was the scientific data of research psychologists on the factors of formation and development of professional self-attitude. The subject of this study is gender differences in the professional attitude of passenger cars stewards. The results of the study suggest that there are statistically significant differences in the parameters of internal conflict and self-abasement in the profession of male and female passenger car stewards. The data obtained will be taken into account when developing and improving the system of psychological support for transport service specialists, taking into account gender differences. The revealed gender differences in the professional self-attitude of the passenger cars stewards should be taken into account when building further work on psychological support for this category of specialists, which will contribute to their professional and personal development, increase labor productivity, improve motivation for professional activity.
The "Divisive Concepts" Laws and Americans of Asian Descent
Authors: Lee Ilhyung
Published: April 2022

In the past year, a number of states have enacted laws that prohibit public schools from teaching certain lessons about race. The main target of these laws appears to be “critical race theory,” once a theory advanced in legal academia that has now become a “catchall term” for discussions of race and racism. The states mean business and seek to enforce their new or proposed laws by prohibiting state funding for teaching the banned content, withholding funding to local educational agencies or schools in violation, subjecting offending teachers to disciplinary action, and allowing those aggrieved to bring an action at law or equity. More of these anti-critical race theory laws appear to be coming, as there are bills pending in more than a dozen states with provisions virtually identical to those in already-enacted statutes. Commentators have expressed alarm, describing the laws as “content- and viewpoint-based state censorship,” an infringement “on the right of faculty to teach and of students to learn,” and “an attack on democracy.”

A closer examination of these laws is in order. My own view is that some of the provisions in these laws are actually commendable, reflecting societal acknowledgment of the problem of racism and a commitment toward racial equality and justice. But about other provisions and their practical application, I raise several questions, concerns, and doubts. Examining the anti-critical race theory laws as a whole, I ask whether they might ultimately advance the much-maligned theory’s standing and legitimacy. With this background in place, I devote the rest of the discussion to the impact of these laws on Americans neither White nor Black, but of Asian descent. Questions arise in this setting too, making the new laws even more dubious. I also seize the opportunity to ask whether legislatures, while at work on education legislation, might consider including the Asian American experience in the school curriculum, especially given these divisive and polarizing times.
Practice enhancements with FastStroke ColorViz analysis in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Pai Vivek , Ti Joanna Pearly , Tan Leanne Qiaojing , Ho Thye Sin , Tham Carol , Sitoh Yih Yian
Published: April 2022

In acute ischemic stroke (AIS), large vessel occlusion (LVO) and the status of pial collaterals are important factors in decision-making for further treatment such as endovascular therapy. Multiphasic CT Angiogram (mCTA) is the mainstay of AIS imaging, allowing detection of LVO, evaluation of intracranial arterial dynamics, and quantification of pial collaterals. However, thorough mCTA evaluation entails scrutiny of multiple image datasets, individually and then simultaneously, which can be time-consuming, causing a potential delay in treatment. ColorViz (FastStroke, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is a novel CT application which combines mCTA information into a single color-coded dataset for quick, unequivocal evaluation of pial collaterals. In our practice, ColorViz is both time-saving and increases the diagnostic accuracy of LVO and pial collaterals as well as medium vessel, multivessel and posterior circulation occlusions. In this article, we discuss the practical aspects of ColorViz in patients presenting with AIS.
The use of navigation technology of laser treatment of retinal arterial macroaneurysm associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (clinical case)
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volodin P.L. , Ivanova E.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Kukharskaia I.I. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution
Published: April 2022

There is a well-known association between branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM). At that BRVO usually precedes the development of RAM. The natural history RAN is spontaneous involution. However, visual loss may occur secondary to macular edema, which is a common early complication of RAM, which can lead to unalterable structural changes including the epiretinal membrane, cystic macular edema, and macular hole formation. Purpose. To present a clinical case of navigation laser treatment of retinal arterial macroaneurysm associated with branch retinal vein occlusion complicated by macular edema. Material and methods. There was a 48-year-old patient with temporal BRVO we were observed, the symptoms duration of the disease was 4 months. The patient was carried out a single intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, one month after the injection, during partial resorption of hemorrhages RAM was detected. The patient was performed personalized treatment on a navigational laser unit. The follow-up period was 1.5, 3 and 6 months after navigational laser treatment. Results. 1.5 months after laser treatment there was a positive trend in the form of RAM reduction, resorption of preretinal hemorrhage, increased BCVA and a decrease the central retinal thickness in the fovea. After 3 and 6 months the BCVA remained stable, the central retinal thickness no negative dynamics. Conclusions. Thus, navigational laser treatment can be effectively used in the treatment of RAM associated with BRVO complicated by macular edema. Keywords: retinal arterial macroaneurysm, macular edema, branch retinal vein occlusion, navigational laser treatment
YAG laser hyaloid puncture for subhyaloid hemorrhages (clinical cases)
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga, Sidorova Y.A. , Yerokhina Y.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, Kaluga
Published: April 2022

Purpose. Тo present the results of YAG laser hyaliodopuncture in patients with subhyaloid hemorrhages. Material and methods. 4 patients underwent YAG laser hyaloid puncture. These patients were followed up for at least 12 months. In all cases, YAG laser hyaloid puncture was performed with the YAG III device (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Germany). Hyaloid puncture was performed at a wavelength of 1064 nm through the central part of the Goldmann lens with the application of 3 to 7 pulses with a power of 1.7–2.8 mJ in the lower segment of the BGM at the point corresponding to the greatest prominence of hemorrhage. Results. In all cases, laser treatment was carried out without complications. Intensive blood flow into the vitreal cavity and subjective improvement in visual acuity were obtained during the first 2 hours after laser treatment for 3 adult patients. BCVA in the 2nd case increased from pr. certae to 0.3, in the 3 rd case from 0.2 to 0.5, in the 4 th case from 0.1 to 0.4. A defect in the posterior hyaloid membrane was determined according to SOCT. All patients had complete elimination of blood from the subhyaloid space after 1 month at the control examination. Only the 4 th patient noted periodic «floating opacities», in other cases, the patients did not complain. BCVA in 1 st and 2 nd cases was 1.0, in 3 rd and 4 th cases it was 0.8. IOP was within normal limits in all cases. Conclusion. YAG laser hyaloid puncture can be used to treat subhyaloid hemorrhages. The technique shows high efficiency when performed as soon as possible after the development of hemorrhage under the control of laboratory methods of blood analysis. Keywords: subhyaloid hemorrhage, YAG-laser hyaloid puncture.
Differential diagnosis of avascular and vascularized retinal pigment epithelium detachments in age-related macular degeneration
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Afanasyeva M.A. , Plyukhova A.A. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Shelankova A.V. ,   Scientific Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow
Published: April 2022

Purpose. Тo evaluate of differential diagnostic signs using optical coherence tomography in patients with avascular and vascularized serous retinal pigment epithelium detachment (RPE) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Material and methods. 40 people with AMD were examined. The patients were divided into two groups: avascular (20 patients) and vascularized (20 patients) serous RPE detachment. All patients underwent a standard ophthalmological examination and additional research methods: determination of the maximum corrected visual acuity using to the ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) charts, OCT, OCT angiography. Results. Comparative analysis of OCT signs revealed that avascular serous RPE detachment is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial detachment at the top of the RPE detachment (p = 0.002), neuroepithelial detachment is located within a triangle with the apex at the level of the inner limiting membrane of the retina, with a bisector drawn from the apex of the triangle through the point of maximum height RPE detachment and lateral sides that are tangent to the sides of the RPE detachment (p = 0.004). The presence of vascularized serous RPE detachment is characterized by intraretinal fluid (p = 0.002), prominence of the top of the RPE detachment (p = 0.009), thickness of the RPE at the top of the RPE detachment is greater than at the base (p = 0.006), hyperreflective layer under the RPE (p < 0.005), an increase in the hyperreflectivity of photoreceptors on the top of the RPE detachment relative to the base (p = 0.009). Conclusions. The identified differential diagnostic criteria make it possible to choose an adequate tactics for the treatment of patients with serous RPE detachment in age-related macular degeneration, depending on the identified form – vascularized or avascular. Keywords: retinal pigment epithelium detachment, age-related macular degeneration.
The retinal photosensitivity after the retinal pigment epithelium tear in neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors:   Kirov Military Medical Academy, Malafeeva A.Y. , Kulikov A.N. ,   Kirov Military Medical Academy
Published: April 2022

The retinal pigment epithelium tear (RPET) is one of the serious complications of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Currently, there is no consensus on the tactics of managing patients with RPET. In recent years, there have been publications on the effectiveness of anti-VEGF drugs in the occurrence of the RPET. At the same time, according to the results of the studies, antiangiogenic therapy started in a timely manner and adequate in frequency contributed to maintaining visual acuity of at least 0.1, as well as the formation of smaller subretinal fibrosis. Purpose. To conduct a comparative analysis of retinal photosensitivity after RPET due to neovascular agerelated macular degeneration without and against the background of antiangiogenic therapy. Material and methods. The study included 14 patients (14 eyes). The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (7 people) – patients with RPET who did not receive antiangiogenic therapy after the diagnosis of RPET, group 2 (7 people) – patients with RPES who continued antiangiogenic therapy (the start of therapy did not later than 4 weeks from the diagnosis of RPET). All patients underwent static microperimetry and color photoregistration of the fundus on an MP-3 microperimeter. With the help of manual calculation of all values of the indicated stimuli, the total average was determined – the parameter of the total retinal photosensitivity. Statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. 2.6.1. Comparison of the two groups in quantitative terms was performed using Student's t-test. Results. When comparing overall photosensitivity depending on the study group, significant differences were found (p< 0.001). The total photosensitivity in group 1 was 13.83 ± 2.49 dB, in group 2 – 19.90 ± 2.26 dB. Conclusion. An analysis of the overall photosensitivity of the retina showed that adequate antiangiogenic therapy helps to preserve the photosensitivity of the retina, both general and locally in the area of the RPET. At the same time, tears of smaller diameter and without involvement of the center of the fovea have a more favorable functional prognosis. Keywords: retinal pigment epithelium tear, static microperimetry, age-related macular degeneration, macular photosensitivity, antiangiogenic therapy.
Study of incidence of transient retinopathy in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus
Authors:   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pomytkina N.V. , Kolenko O.V. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Postgraduate Institute for Public Health Workers, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Sorokin E.L. ,   The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Khabarovsk Branch, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: April 2022

Purpose. Assessment of the incidence progression of transient retinopathy (TR) in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus (DM). Material and methods. 24 pregnant women with DM were examined in each trimester of pregnancy and 3 months after delivery. In 10 pregnant women, diabetic retinopathy (DR) was not detected, in 14 (58 %) DR was diagnosed. With the progression of DR panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) was performed. Results. Progression of DR during pregnancy was observed in 9 (64 %) patients with preproliferative and proliferative DR and uncompensated glycemia, macular edema (ME) developed in both eyes in 3 patients. According to optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), in all these patients, a progressive expansion of retinal nonperfusion zones in the superficial or deep plexus during pregnancy was detected. In all patients with progression of DR, the symptoms of retinopathy persisted in the postpartum period. “Transient” was focal macular edema in one patient with preproliferative DR, which regressed after delivery. Conclusions. 1. DR, detected at the beginning of pregnancy, progressed in 64% of pregnant women against the background of glycemic status decompensation. 2. TR occurred in one case and was manifested by transient macular edema. 3. According to our data, DR manifesting during pregnancy is most often true. 4. Identification of non-perfusion zones in the superficial and deep retinal plexus using the OCT-A allows differential diagnosis of DR and TR in pregnant women with DM. Keywords: transient retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, pregnancy, optical coherence tomography angiography.
The vessel density of the superficial plexus as an oct-a biomarker of preclinical diabetic retinopathy progression
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Stulova A.N. , Semenova N.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Zheleznyakova A.V. ,   Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia, Akopyan V.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Lipatov D.V. ,   Endocrinology Research Center, Moscow, Russia,   Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Published: April 2022

Purpose. To evaluate time-related OCT-A changes in patients with preclinical diabetic retinopathy and to identify OCT-A biomarkers of progression. Methods. A total of 42 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients (73 eyes) were recruited in the study. All patients underwent 7-field fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCT-A). The examination was repeated in one and two years. Assessed OCT-A parameters included foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, acircularity index (AI), vessel density (VD0-300 and VD300-600), skeletonized density. Results. FAZ area was significantly enlarged after two years of observation (0.25 ± 0.05 mm² and 0.28 ± 0.06 mm² , respectively, р< 0,0001). After a year of observation AI was significantly higher (1.37 ± 0.18 and 1.47 ± 0.20, respectively, р= 0.01) and VD0-300 was decreased in SVP and DCP. Logistic regression and ROC-analysis were used to identify biomarker of DR progression – VD0-300 in SVP, AUC = 0.821. Conclusions. To conclude, FAZ area and AI were significantly increased in follow-up visits. According to logistic regression analysis, VD0-300 in SVP can be the most appropriate OCT-A biomarker of preclinical DR progression. Keyword: diabetic retinopathy, vessel density, OCT-angiography.
Anatomical characteristics of the vitreous chamber and lens in fetuses in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Orenburg State Medical University» under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Naidenova S.I. , Lutsai E.D. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Orenburg State Medical University» under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg, Astafyev I.V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Orenburg State Medical University» under Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Orenburg
Published: April 2022

Purpose. To give an anatomical characteristic of the vitreous chamber and lens in fetuses in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis. Material and methods. The study was conducted on 50 fetuses of both sexes (50 % male, 50 % female) aged from 14 to 27 weeks, which make up the collection of the Department of Human Anatomy of the Russian Ministry of Health. The following methods were used in the study: the method of sawing according to N.I. Pirogov in modification, the histotopographic method. Results. The area of the vitreous chamber in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis in the first, second and third age groups averages: 33.15 ± 7.12 mm², 42.06 ± 9.95 mm², 48.07 ± 8.95 mm² . The volume of the vitreous chamber in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis in the first, second and third age groups is: 101.11 ± 12.31 mm 3, 153.89 ± 15.64 mm 3and 216.61 ± 38.45 mm³, respectively. During the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis, the ratio of the area of the lens and the vitreous chamber changes, so at the beginning of the period it is equal to 1:4, in the middle of the period – 1:3 and by the end of the period – 1:2. Conclusion. The vitreous chamber in the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis is formed and actively grows from the first to the second age group (volume increases by 34 %, area – 21 %). During the intermediate fetal period of human ontogenesis, the volume of the vitreous chamber decreases from 92 % to 78 %, due to an increase in the volume of the lens from 8 % to 22 %. Keywords: intermediate fetal period, the eyeball, vitreous chamber, lens.
Issues of organization of care for patients with regmatogenic retinal detachment in the conditions of regional medicine
Authors:   Kirov state ophthalmology hospital, Kudryavtseva Y.V. ,   FSBEI HE Kirov SMU MOH Russia, Plotnikova Y.A. ,   Kirov state ophthalmology hospital,   FSBEI HE Kirov SMU MOH Russia, Demakova L.V. ,   Kirov state ophthalmology hospital,   FSBEI HE Kirov SMU MOH Russia
Published: April 2022

The aim of the work was to analyze the features of the organization of care for patients with regmatogenic retinal detachment in regional medicine. Material and methods. Our clinic performs all the necessary types of surgical treatment for retinal detachment. Part of the ophthalmological services is paid from the funds of the compulsory medical Insurance for CSG. Results. The incidence of regmatogenic retinal detachment varies at the level of 11–12 per 100 thousand population. The analysis showed that during retinal detachment surgery, when payment is made according to the rates of the compulsory medical insurance, there are nuances of purchasing special equipment and consumables for VRH. In addition, the issues of surgery are ambiguous and due to the lack of approved clinical recommendations for retinal detachment and clearly established guidelines, as a result of which the terms of hospitalization and treatment of patients with these diseases are blurred, there are problems of interchangeability of surgeons. Conclusion. The provision of surgical care in the Kirov region to patients with retinal detachment at the expense of the CHI Fund ensures the availability and timeliness of medical services. The clinic is equipped with modern equipment, the provision of highly qualified specialists allows us to provide high-quality care even in the most difficult cases. Extrascleral surgery does not lose its relevance, despite the rapid development of endovitreal techniques. Keywords: retinal detachment, organization of care, regional medicine.
Differentiated approach in surgical treatment of cystoid macular edema
Authors:   Center of laser correction of sight and microsurgery, Saratov, Ait Ahmed K. , Maksimov V. ,   Center of laser correction of sight and microsurgery, Saratov, Arsyutov D. ,   Center of laser correction of sight and microsurgery, Saratov
Published: April 2022

Cystoid macular edema (CME) is the accumulation of fluid in the retina between the outer plexiform layer and the inner nuclear layer, which leads to the formation of cysts. Treatment of CME depends on the cause, for example, with AMD – anti-VGEF, with thrombosis – a combination with a laser, with uveitis, unfortunately, often – corticosteroids. Significant vision loss in patients with intraocular inflammation is most often a consequence of cystoid macular edema. CME with epiretinal fibrosis was observed in 33% of all patients with uveitis. Material and methods. We examined 12 patients diagnosed with CME with a diagnosis of uveitis of various genesis. Of these, 8 patients underwent treatment courses in different institutions in the past, using traditional methods (eye drops, anti-VGEF and ozurdex implants) with little success. Results. Out of 12 patients, all had identified sources of endogenous infection. All patients underwent OCT-angio and it is noteworthy that in 11 out of 12 patients (91.66 %), CME was detected with the presence of epiretinal fibrosis with macular traction syndrome. Within the background of the preparation, a vitrectomy was performed with the removal of the fibrosis. Subsequently, additional therapy was prescribed according to the scheme. According to OCT data, edema regression was observed in 10 out of 11 patients without the need for repeated intravitreal intervention. Conclusions. With CME of uveal genesis, there is a high risk of detecting epiretinal fibrosis with a traction component in the macular zone. The best result of surgical treatment in CME of uveal genesis is achieved by vitrectomy with removal of membranes in combination with efferent therapy. Keywords: CME, uveitis, epiretinal fibrosis, vitrectomy.
Volleyball passing model through game-based approach
Authors: Karisman Vicki Ahmad , Supriadi Dedi
Published: April 2022

Passing in volleyball is highly significant to support the game. Good passing will determine the course of attack and defense in the game. This research aims at creating volleyball passing models to improve students’ passing skills. It uses the method of ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). The analysis stage is to identify the source of the cause of the performance gap. The design stage is, verifying the desired performance, and the appropriate test method. The develop stage, namely, conducting, and validating learning resources. The implementation stage is preparing a learning environment and involving participants. The evaluate stage, namely, assessing the quality of learning processes, and products, both before and after implementation. Participants in this study are elementary school students who are in the fifth grade, as many as 64 people. The instrument used in this study is a test of passing up and passing down volleyball. This research found: (1).  Based on the analysis carried out, passing is a crucial skill in volleyball games, however, students still experience various obstacles in their learning and motor skills. (2). The design stage is to inventory the tasks that students will do related to volleyball learning. (3). The develop stage has produced 13 games of volleyball passing model content which were validated by experts, and the proper media was chosen to help learning volleyball passing. (4). At this stage, the passing model is applied to the participants. (5). The evaluation results show significant results from the volleyball passing model through a game-based approach to volleyball passing skills. Therefore, it can be concluded that the volleyball passing model through game-based approach can be used in volleyball learning to improve the underhand and overhand passing skills.
The role of committee attitude on company's decision for sponsoring sports events
Authors: Castyana Billy , Amali Zainudin , Hartono Mugiyo , Pujianto Agus , Rahayu Tandiyo , Ali Mohammad Arif , Anggita Gustiana Mega
Published: April 2022

Partnerships with companies or sponsorships cannot be separated in the implementation of sporting events; even sponsorship is a significant investment given by companies in the sports industry. However, every company has considerations before sponsoring a sporting event, one of the influencing factors is the attitude of the organizing committee to the company that is a potential sponsor. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of the committee's attitude toward the company's decision to sponsor a sporting event. By using quantitative descriptive research and survey methods, this study collected data from 33 companies that met the criteria of having sponsored a sporting event and were willing to participate in the study by completing a willingness sheet. The data is taken from a questionnaire filled out by the Company Owner or the company's Marketing Department by first answering questions about the duration of work in the company. Then, respondents responded to statements that came from four indicators, namely the relationship between the committee and the company, the company's interest in the committee, the committee provided a sense of comfort for the company in working together, and the company felt benefited from working together, with the answer strongly agree, agree, disagree, and strongly disagree. After that, the data was analyzed using excel and shown in graph on percentages to explain that the indicator of comfort in working together plays the highest role with a total of 42.42% strongly agree and 48.48% agree. Indirectly, this facet provides information to future sports organizers to assist them in obtaining funding for sports events through a win-win situation or mutualistic relationship.