bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between children’s and parents’ blood pressure
Authors: Nasution Desy Aswira , Rusdidjas Rusdidjas , Supriatmo Supriatmo , Ramayati Rafita , Ramayani Oke Rina , Siregar Rosmayanti
Published: January 2017

Background A family history of hypertension is a risk factor forhypertension in children. Past studies have reported a significantrelationship between elevated blood pressure in children andhypertensive parents.Objective To assess for an association between blood pressure inchildren and that of their parents.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 90 childrenaged 6-18 years in Baringin Village, Panyabungan, from May toJune 2010. Subjects were collected by consecutive sampling.Classification of hypertension was based on Fourth Task ForceGuidelines by measuring blood pressure, height, and weight. Weused Student's T-test to analyze numerical data. Simple linearregression was used to investigate the relationship between bloodpressures of children and their parents.Results Of the 90 participants recruited, 24 boys and 17 girlshad hypertensive parents. The mean systolic (SBP) , diastolic(DBP) and arterial blood pressure (MABP) were significantlyhigher in children with hyperten sive parents than in childrenwith normotensive parents [ (SBP 116. 7 (SD 7 .07) vs. 87 .1 (SD13.57) mmHg; P=0.0001), (DBP 77.8 (SD 8.33) vs. 51.8 (SD11.70) mmHg; P=0.0001), (MABP 90.7 (SD 7.41) vs . 63 .6(12.10) mmHg; P=0.000 1] . There was a significant relationshipbetween elevated SBP in boys and their fathers, as indicated bythe correlation coefficient (r =0.806; P=0.0001).Conclusion The blood pressure is significantly higher in childrenwith hypertensive parents than in those with normotensiveparents. There is a correlation between SBP in boys and that oftheir fathers.
Thyroid hormone profile and PELOD score in children with sepsis
Authors: Tanurahardja Agung G. , Pudjiadi Antonius H. , Dwipoerwantoro Pramita G. , Pulungan Aman
Published: January 2017

Background Thyroid hormonal dysfunction, also known aseuthyroid sick syndrome or nonthyroidal illness, can be seenin sepsis. There have been few studies on thyroid hormonedysfunction in septic children, as well as on a relationshipbetween their thyroid hormone profiles and pediatric logisticorgan dysfunction (PELOD) scores. Procakitonin (PCT) is oneof the sepsis biomarker.Objective To evaluate the thyroid hormone profile in childrenwith sepsis as well as to assess for a correlation between the thyroidlevels and PELOD scores, PCT levels, and patient outcomes.Methods This cross-sectional study included children aged 1- 18years admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with aprimary diagnosis of sepsis. PELOD scores and thyroid hormonallevels were assessed once during the first 24 hours after PICUadmission.Results Thirty subjects were included in the study. The medianvalues ofT3, free T4, and TSH were 45 (range 17 -133) ng/dL,0.81 (range 0.3-1.57) ng/dL, and 1.36 (range 0.05-7.78) μIU/L,respectively. The T3, free T4, and TSH levels were decreased in97%, 50% and 40% of the subjects. There were no significantdifferences between low and normal to high TSH with regards tothe PELOD score (P=0.218), PCT level (P=0.694), or patientoutcomes (P=0.55). The risk of death increased by 15 timesamong the subjects with PELOD score ~20 compared to thosewith PELOD score <20 (OR 15; 95%CI: 1.535 to 146.545;P=0.012).Conclusion Thyroid hormones are decreased in septic childrenwith the majority having low T3. A high PELOD score is stronglycorrelated with mortality and can be used as a prognostic parameterfor septic children in the PICU, but there is no correlation withdecreased TSH.
Predictive value of Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology and Perinatal Extension II for neonatal mortality in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia
Authors: Aryana I Gede Ketut , Kardana I Made , Adipura I Nyoman
Published: January 2017

Background Neonatal mortality, which is largely caused by severe illness, is the biggest contributor to overall infant mortality. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 4 million neonates die yearly worldwide, often due to severe infection and organ system immaturity. Neonates with severe illness require treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), in which a reliable assessment tool for illness severity is needed to guide intensive care requirements and prognosis. Neonatal disease severity scoring systems have been developed, including Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology and Perinatal Extension II  (SNAPPE II), but it has never been validated in our setting.ObjectiveTo study the prognostic value of SNAPPE II as a predictor of neonatal mortality in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia.Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in the NICU of Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar from November 2014 to February 2015. All neonates, except those with congenital anomaly, were observed during the first 12 hours of admission and their outcomes upon discharge from the NICU was recorded. We assessed the SNAPPE II cut-off point to predict neonatal mortality. The calibration of SNAPPE II was done using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, and discrimination of SNAPPE II was determined from the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) value calculation.ResultsDuring the period of study, 63 children were eligible, but 5 were excluded because of major congenital abnormalities. The SNAPPE II optimum cut-off point of 37 gave a high probability of mortality and the ROC showed an AUC of 0.92 (95%CI 0.85 to 0.99). The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed a good calibration with P = 1.0Conclusion The SNAPPE II  has a good predictive ability for neonatal mortality in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia.
Hubungan Kadar Laktat Serum Inisial dan Skor Pelod pada Anak dengan Sepsis
Authors: Gunawan Patricia Yulita , Runtunuwu Ari Lukas , Mandei Jose Meky , Manoppo Jeanette Irene Christie , Saputra Dedi Kurniawan
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Sepsis merupakan masalah kesehatan penting pada anak. Salah satu alat ukur terbaik untuk memperkirakan keparahan penyakit pada anak sepsis adalah skor pediatric logistic organ dysfunction (PELOD). Kadar laktat serum inisial adalah prediktor lain dalam menentukan keparahan penyakit pada anak sepsis yang mudah dilakukan dan hasilnya cepat diperoleh.Tujuan. Mempelajari hubungan antara kadar laktat serum inisial dan skor PELOD pada anak sepsis.Metode. Penelitian analitik dari bulan November sampai Desember 2013 di Instalasi Gawat Darurat Anak (IGDA) RS Prof Dr.R.D Kandou, Manado. Sampel darah diambil untuk pemeriksaan laktat dan dihitung skor PELOD untuk tiap pasien. Untuk analisis selanjutnya digunakan korelasi Pearson dan regresi linear, signifikan apabila p<0,05.Hasil. Terdapat 45 anak sepsis dengan rerata usia 5 tahun. Rerata kadar laktat serum inisial lebih rendah secara bermakna pada pasien yang bertahan hidup dibandingkan pasien yang meninggal (3,67±0,92 berbanding 6,77± 4,62 mmol/L, p=0,013). Rerata skor PELOD juga lebih rendah secara bermakna pada pasien yang bertahan hidup dibandingkan pasien yang meninggal (13,51±13,16berbanding 25,75±15,82, p<0,01). Didapatkan korelasi rendah antara kadar laktat serum inisial dan skor PELOD (r=0,42, p=0,004).Kesimpulan. Terdapat korelasi positif rendah antara kadar laktat serum inisial dan skor PELOD pada anak sepsis.
Faktor Prediktor Kematian Anak dengan Infeksi HIV yang Mendapat Terapi Antiretrovirus di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta dan RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang
Authors: Perwitasari Dyah , Arguni Eggi , Satria Cahya Dewi , Hapsari MMDEAH
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Kasus infeksi HIV pada anak di Indonesia semakin meningkat dengan angka kematian yang cukup tinggi. Angka kematian anak HIV yang menjalani terapi antiretrovirus disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor.Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor prediktor yang memengaruhi kematian anak dengan infeksi HIV yang telah mendapat terapi antiretrovirus.Metode. Penelitian studi kasus-kontrol dengan matching usia pada anak dengan infeksi HIV yang mendapat terapi ARV di RSUP Dr. Sardjito dan RSUP Dr. Kariadi dari Januari 2007 sampai dengan Desember 2013. Kelompok kasus adalah pasien meninggal dan kelompok kontrol adalah pasien yang hidup setelah mendapat terapi ARV. Data diambil dari catatan medis dengan kuesionerterstruktur. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS 17.0.Hasil. Didapatkan 96 anak dirawat dengan infeksi HIV dan menggunakan terapi ARV selama periode penelitian. Dua puluh pasien meninggal setelah menerima ARV sebagai kasus dan 20 pasien hidup sebagai kelompok kontrol. Pada analisis bivariat terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara status gizi, stadium klinis WHO, ketaatan kunjungan, lama terapi ARV terhadap kematian. Pada analisis multivariat, ketidaktaatan kunjungan memiliki OR 13,8 (IK95%: 1,04-184,02) dengan nilai p<0,05 dan lama terapi ARV ≤6 bulan memiliki OR 22,133 (IK95%: 1,202-407,60).Kesimpulan. Ketidaktaatan kunjungan ke Poliklinik dan lama terapi ARV ≤6 bulan merupakan faktor prediktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kematian pada anak dengan infeksi HIV yang mendapat terapi ARV. Namun, lama terapi ARV ≤6 bulan merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kematian.
Perbandingan Efektivitas dan Keamanan Kombinasi Ketamin/Midazolam Dibandingkan Ketamin Tunggal sebagai Sedasi pada Anak
Authors: Andriastuti Murti , Kartika Dewi , Ade WR Andi
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Penambahan midazolam sebelum pemberian ketamin sebagai obat sedasi pada tindakan aspirasi sumsum tulang atau pemberian kemoterapi intratekal terbukti meningkatkan efektivitas sedasi, mengurangi ansietas dan mengurangi efek samping ketamin yaitu mimpi buruk, halusinasi, dan fenomena pulih sadar pasca pemberian ketamin.Tujuan. Membandingkan efektivitas dan keamanan sedasi antara kombinasi ketamin/midazolam dan ketamin tunggal berdasarkan bukti ilmiah.Metode. Penelusuran pustaka database elektronik melalui Pubmed, Clinical Key, dan Google Scholar.Hasil. Suatu uji klinis acak tersamar mendapatkan awitan sedasi secara signifikan lebih singkat pada kelompok ketamin/midazolam dibandingkan ketamin yaitu 2,6 menit dan 3,4 menit (nilai p= 0,01). Jumlah subjek yang mengalami amnesia total pada kelompok ketamin/midazolam dibandingkan ketamin yaitu 100% dan 80,3% (p=0,001). Kejadian mimpi buruk pada kelompok ketamin/midazolam dibandingkan ketamin 6,3% dan 19,6% (p=0,04). Lima uji kohort menunjukkan kombinasi ketamin/midazolam dapatmenjadi pilihan sedasi yang cepat, efektif, dan aman bagi anak yang akan menjalani berbagai tindakan di bidang hematologi-onkologi. Kombinasi ini aman dan efisien untuk mengurangi nyeri selama prosedur dan mengurangi kecemasan pasien dan orangtua.Kesimpulan. Berdasarkan penelitian ilmiah yang telah dipaparkan, penambahan midazolam pada ketamin tidak menambah efek samping, dan kombinasi ini lebih baik dibandingkan ketamin tunggal.
External angular dermoid cyst: An unusual case report with surgical intervention and clinico-pathological analysis.
Authors: Gujjar Pavan Kumar , Pereira Treville , Zingade Jyoti
Published: January 2017

Dermoid and epidermoid cysts which belong to choristomas, usually manifest clinically as superficial and deep cystic movable formations, most often with a slow and intermittent growth. In the present article we report a case of an external angular dermoid cyst in a 13-year-old boy, the growth of which was steady on progression. Surgical excision of the cyst was done by approaching through an external sub-brow incision. Dermoid cysts are unusual neoplasms that often seen in children with the most commonly affected site being the orbit in the head and neck region. Such cysts may cause compression to the eye lobe and the optic nerve. Hence, operative procedures may be suggested in the case of such cysts which have a constant progression. Keywords: Choristoma; Dermoid; Sub-brow incision.
Erosive softening and erosive loss of enamel: Hardness and profilometry analysis
Authors: Salomão Priscila Maria Aranda , Dos Santos Daiana Moreli Soares , Da Silva Camila Perfeito Evangelista , Buzalaf Marília Afonso Rabelo , Wiegand Annette , Magalhães Ana Carolina
Published: January 2017

Objective – This study aimed to determine and differentiate erosive softening and enamel erosive loss induced by citric and hydrochloric acids. Material and Methods – Forty enamel specimens were divided into 2 groups: 1) 0.05 M citric acid (pH 2.5) simulating extrinsic erosion and 2) 0.01 M hydrochloric acid (pH 2.2) simulating intrinsic erosion. The enamel specimens were submitted to erosive challenges. Surface microhardness (softening) or contact profilometry (loss) was done after 30 s, after each 60 s up to 10 min, after each 5 min up to 30 min and after 60, 90 and 120 min. Results – Erosive softening (enamel hardness loss) was measurable up to 1 and 2 min for hydrochloric and citric acids, respectively. Erosive loss was significantly increased over time for both types of acids. After 8 min, citric acid was more aggressive than hydrochloric acid (p < 0.001). Conclusion – The progression of enamel erosion from erosive softening to erosive loss is highly dependent on the type of acid, being citric acid more aggressive in later stages. Therefore, this finding should be considered when choosing the method of analysis for laboratory studies.       Keywords: Enamel; Erosive wear; Microhardness; Profilometry; Tooth erosion.
Protective Effect of Reversible Cholinesterase Inhibitors (Tacrine, Pyridostigmine) and EqBuChE against VX Poisoning and Brain Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition in Rats
Authors: Bajgar Jiří
Published: January 2017

The protective effect of the reversible cholinesterase inhibitors tacrine and pyridostigmine alone or in combination with different drugs against acetylcholinesterase inhibition in the pontomedullar area and cerebellum of rats caused by VX agent (O-ethyl S-2-diisopropylaminoethyl methyl phosphonothiolate) in vivo (2xLD50) was studied along with survival of animals pretreated with different combinations of the drugs used. The best prophylactic effect was observed in a combination of pyridostigmine with benactyzine, trihexyphenidyle and HI-6. Tacrine alone or in other combinations has had no better prophylactic effect in comparison with these combinations containing pyridostigmine. Equine butyrylcholinesterase, also protected against VX poisoning very effectively.
Bicarbonate‐sensing soluble adenylyl cyclase is present in the cell cytoplasm and nucleus of multiple shark tissues
Authors: Roa Jinae N. , Tresguerres Martin
Published: January 2017

The enzyme soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is directly stimulated by bicarbonate (HCO3−) to produce the signaling molecule cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Because sAC and sAC‐related enzymes are found throughout phyla from cyanobacteria to mammals and they regulate cell physiology in response to internal and external changes in pH, CO2, and HCO3−, sAC is deemed an evolutionarily conserved acid‐base sensor. Previously, sAC has been reported in dogfish shark and round ray gill cells, where they sense and counteract blood alkalosis by regulating the activity of V‐type H+‐ ATPase. Here, we report the presence of sAC protein in gill, rectal gland, cornea, intestine, white muscle, and heart of leopard sharkTriakis semifasciata. Co‐expression of sAC with transmembrane adenylyl cyclases supports the presence of cAMP signaling microdomains. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry on tissue sections, and western blots and cAMP‐activity assays on nucleus‐enriched fractions demonstrate the presence of sAC protein in and around nuclei. These results suggest that sAC modulates multiple physiological processes in shark cells, including nuclear functions.
Postnatal resveratrol supplementation improves cardiovascular function in male and female intrauterine growth restricted offspring
Authors: Shah Amin , Quon Anita , Morton Jude S. , Davidge Sandra T.
Published: January 2017

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may predispose offspring to an increased susceptibility of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adult life. The window of opportunity to treat later life CVD programmed in fetal life is critical. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of resveratrol treatment of IUGR offspring at a time of known CV dysfunction. Sprague–Dawley male and female rat offspring who experienced normoxia (21% O2; control) or hypoxia (11% O2; IUGR) in utero were fed a high‐fat (HF) diet (3–21 weeks of age) or a HF diet (3–21 weeks of age) supplemented with resveratrol from 13 to 21 weeks of age. At 21 weeks of age, echocardiographic data showed that male IUGR offspring had mild in vivo diastolic dysfunction, whereas female IUGR offspring had early signs of cardiac diastolic dysfunction that was not altered by resveratrol treatment. Notably, male and female IUGR offspring demonstrated equal susceptibility to ex vivo cardiac dysfunction recovery after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and this was improved by resveratrol treatment, independent of sex. Resveratrol increased cardiac phospho‐adenosine monophosphate kinase (p‐AMPK) levels in only female IUGR offspring. IUGR or resveratrol did not alter cardiac superoxide levels. However, in male offspring, an overall effect of IUGR in reducing cardiac catalase levels was observed that was not altered by resveratrol. Interestingly, in only female IUGR offspring, resveratrol significantly increased cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD) 2 levels. In conclusion, resveratrol treatment of adult IUGR offspring, at the time of known CV dysfunction, improved cardiac function recovery in both sexes and the mechanisms involved were partially sex‐specific.
Aerobic efficiency is associated with the improvement in maximal power output during acute hyperoxia
Authors: Manselin Tom A. , Södergård Olof , Larsen Filip J. , Lindholm Peter
Published: January 2017

This study investigated the relationship between aerobic efficiency during cycling exercise and the increase in physical performance with acute hyperoxic exposure (FiO2 ~31%) (HOX) and also tested the hypothesis that fat oxidation could be increased by acute hyperoxia. Fourteen males and four females were recruited for two sessions, where they exercised for 2 × 10 min at 100 W to determine efficiency. HOX and normoxia (NOX) were administered randomly on both occasions to account for differences in nitrogen exchange. Thereafter, a progressive ramp test was performed to determine VO2max and maximal power output (Wmax). After 30 min rest, workload was set to 80% of maximal power output (Wmax) for a time to exhaustion test (TTE). At 100W gross efficiency was reduced from 19.4% during NOX to 18.9% during HOX (P ≤ 0.0001). HOX increased fat oxidation at 100 W by 52% from 3.41 kcal min‐1 to 5.17 kcal min‐1 (P ≤ 0.0001) with a corresponding reduction in carbohydrate oxidation. Wmax increased by 2.4% from 388.8 (±82.1) during NOX to 397.8 (±83.5) during HOX (P ≤ 0.0001). SaO2 was higher in HOX both at the end of the maximal exercise test and TTE. Subjects with a high level of efficiency in NOX had a larger improvement in Wmax with HOX, in agreement with the hypothesis that an optimum level of efficiency exists that maximizes power production. No association between mitochondrial excess capacity and endurance performance was found; increases in oxygen supply seemed to increase maximal aerobic power production and maintain/increase endurance capacity at the same relative workload.
The Role of Judges in Deciding the Future of Digital Libraries
Authors: Panezi Argyri
Published: January 2017

Judges sitting in US and EU courts have adjudicated a number of high-profile cases of mass and small-scale digitization and access to digitized material. These cases have important policy effects mounting to shaping the future of digital libraries insofar as the current copyright framework does not change from the legislative branch. This article focuses on the judges’ struggle to achieve progressive (pro-libraries and pro-technology) results interpreting the applicable rules. American judges, on the one hand, primarily utilized doctrinal tools such as the fair use doctrine. European judges, on the other hand, used interpretative methods that can push the limits of exceptions and limitations favoring libraries. The article seeks to bring the role of the judiciary to the spotlight, analyze the wording of the relevant decisions and offer a possible reading of the responsibility that the judges must have experienced adjudicating these cases. Ultimately it urges legislative reform to be a follow-up to the judges’ support of the benefits of digitization the future of libraries in the digital era.
A Finite Element Domain Decomposition Approximation for a Semilinear Parabolic Singularly Perturbed Differential Equation
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Rathish Kumar B. V.
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we propose a Monotone Schwarz Iterative Method (MSIM) under the framework of Domain Decomposition Strategy for solving semilinear parabolic singularly perturbed partial differential equations (SPPDEs). A three-step Taylor Galerkin Finite Element (3TGFE) approximation of semilinear parabolic SPPDE is carried out during each of the stages of the MSIM. Appropriate Interface Problems are introduced to update the subdomain boundary conditions in the Monotone Iterative Domain Decomposition (MIDD) method. The convergence of the MIDD method has been established. In addition, the stability and

ϵ

$\epsilon$

-uniform convergence of 3TGFE based MIDD has been discussed. Further, by using maximum principle and induction hypothesis, the convergence of the proposed MSIM has been established. Also, the proposed 3TGFE based MIDD has been successfully implemented on a couple of test problems.
Rational Decision Framework for Designing Pile-Load Test Programs
Authors: Najjar S. , Saad G. , Abdallah Y.
Published: January 2017

There is currently an inconsistency in the recommendations that are available in pile-design codes and practices regarding the required number of proof-load tests and the level of the proof loads for piles. In this paper, a pre-posterior decision-making framework is proposed to allow for selecting the optimal pile-load test program that would result in the maximum expected benefit to a project, while maintaining a target level of reliability in the pile design at the site. This proposed methodology is original, practical, and is based on site-specific information that is unique to any given project. The proposed methodology is based on a robust Bayesian approach that allows for updating the capacity distribution of piles at a site, given the results of the proof-load test program. The efficiency of the proposed decision framework is demonstrated by applying it on a practical design example that involves piles that are driven in a site consisting of medium-dense sand. Results indicate that: (1) the optimum proof-load level that results in the maximum benefit to the example project is 1.5 times the design load, (2) the optimum number of tests is a function of the number of piles (superstructure load) and the costs of the pile construction and testing, (3) as the number of piles in the site increases, the optimal required number of proof-load tests also increase, with the optimum number of pile-load tests being around 1 % to 2 % of the total number of piles at the site, and (4) the optimal number of pile-load tests increases as the cost of pile construction and installation increases and as the cost of implementing the pile test program decreases.
“The Greatest Nation on Earth”
Authors: Rodriguez Sarah K.M.
Published: January 2017

Between 1820 and 1827 approximately 1,800 U.S. citizens immigrated to northern Mexico as part of that country’s empresario program, in which the federal government granted foreigners land if they promised to develop and secure the region. Historians have long argued that these settlers, traditionally seen as the vanguard of Manifest Destiny, were attracted to Mexico for its cheap land and rich natural resources. Such interpretations have lent a tone of inevitability to events like the Texas Revolution. This article argues that the early members of these groups were attracted to Mexico for chiefly political reasons. At a time when the United States appeared to be turning away from its commitment to a weak federal government, Mexico was establishing itself on a constitution that insured local sovereignty and autonomy. Thus, the Texas Revolution was far from the result of two irreconcilable peoples and cultures. Moreover, the role that these settlers played in the United States’ acquisition of not just Texas, but ultimately half of Mexico’s national territory, was more paradoxical than inevitable.
The role of sex steroids in white adipose tissue adipocyte function
Authors: Newell-Fugate A E
Published: January 2017

With the increasing knowledge that gender influences normal physiology, much biomedical research has begun to focus on the differential effects of sex on tissue function. Sexual dimorphism in mammals is due to the combined effects of both genetic and hormonal factors. Hormonal factors are mutable particularly in females in whom the estrous cycle dominates the hormonal milieu. Given the severity of the obesity epidemic and the fact that there are differences in the obesity rates in men and women, the role of sex in white adipose tissue function is being recognized as increasingly important. Although sex differences in white adipose tissue distribution are well established, the mechanisms affecting differential function of adipocytes within white adipose tissue in males and females remain largely understudied and poorly understood. One of the largest differences in the endocrine environment in males and females is the concentration of circulating androgens and estrogens. This review examines the effects of androgens and estrogens on lipolysis/lipogenesis, adipocyte differentiation, insulin sensitivity and adipokine production in adipocytes from white adipose tissue with a specific emphasis on the sexual dimorphism of adipocyte function in white adipose tissue during both health and disease.
Madhyamaka and Modern Western Philosophy
Authors: Westerhoff Jan
Published: January 2017

In the past the study of Asian philosophical traditions has often been approached by asking how the theories developed within these nonWestern cultures would help us to solve problems in contemporary Western philosophy. The present account, which summarizes results of a research project funded by the John Templeton foundation in 2015, attempts to reverse this way of studying Asian philosophy by investigating which theories, approaches and models from contemporary Western philosophy can be used to support, analyse, refine and advance insights into key questions discussed by Indian Buddhist Madhyamaka. Our discussion concentrates on six key philosophical areas that can contribute in important ways to the analysis and development of Madhyamaka thought: metaphysics, logic, semantics, cognitive science, philosophy of science, and ethics.
Intertextuality, Contradiction, and Confusion in the Pras?dan?ya-s?tra, Sampas?dan?ya-sutta, and ???? (Zì hu?nx? j?ng)
Authors: DiSimone Charles
Published: January 2017

The Sanskrit D?rgh?gama manuscript is a Sarv?stiv?da/M?lasarv?stiv?da text containing a collection of ancient canonical Buddhist s?tras, composed in Sanskrit and written on birch bark folios. This collection had been lost for centuries and was rediscovered in the late twentieth century. In this paper, I examine key instances of intertextuality between a new edition of a s?tra from the (M?la-)Sarv?stiv?da D?rgh?gama – the Sanskrit Pras?dan?ya-s?tra –, the Pali Sampas?dan?ya-sutta, and Chinese ???? (Zì hu?nx? j?ng) – the three corresponding versions of this text in the ?gama/nik?ya collections of the (M?la-)Sarv?stiv?da, Therav?da, and Dharmaguptaka schools. Hence, contradictions among the texts that are not easily explainable will be shown, uncovering apparent confusion among the creators of these texts and hopefully shedding new light on our understanding of these texts.
Die Übermenschlichen Phänomene, Visuelle Meditation und Wundererscheinung in buddhistischer Literatur und Kunst: Ein religionsgeschichtlicher Versuch (Buddhismus-Studien / Buddhist Studies 7), by Dieter Schlingloff
Authors: Gerstmayr Paul
Published: January 2017

Die Übermenschlichen Phänomene, Visuelle Meditation und Wundererscheinung in buddhistischer Literatur und Kunst: Ein religionsgeschichtlicher Versuch (Buddhismus-Studien / Buddhist Studies 7), by Dieter Schlingloff. Eine Vereingloff Stud des EKO-Hauses der Japanischen Kultur e. V., Düsseldorf, 2015. XXII + 131pp. EUR 28. ISBN: 978-3-86205-340-7. 24 x 26 x 1cm
Brokering communication in sacred spaces: Bilingual youth interpreters in religious settings
Authors: Wheeler Eva Michelle
Published: January 2017

Although research on 'language brokering' has grown steadily over the past two decades, the specific characteristics and challenges of this type of interpretation work have yet to be fully explored. The present analysis examines the specific practices involved when bilingual youth interpret in religious services. Although underexplored in the language-brokering scholarship, religious services present a novel and revalatory context for the examination of non-professional interpretation practices. Framed through a discourse-analytic lens, this analysis explores how two youths demonstrate problem-solving skills and linguistic expertise in the interpretation process. I argue that the problem-solving activity in which the youth are participating is multifaceted and collaborative, and that the youth themselves must necessarily exercise great skill to solve each problem. I then position this analysis within the broader scholarship on language brokering and demonstrate how these practices expand our knowledge regarding the linguistic abilities of bilingual youth.
Estilo de vida saudável em São Paulo, Brasil
Authors: Ferrari Tatiane Kosimenko ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, Cesar Chester Luiz Galvão , Alves Maria Cecília Goi Porto , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Goldbaum Moisés , Fisberg Regina Mara ,   Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, Brasil,   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo: O objetivo foi analisar o estilo de vida das populações adolescente, adulta e idosa do Município de São Paulo, Brasil, de acordo com variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas. Foi realizado estudo transversal, de base populacional, com dados do Inquérito de Saúde no Município de São Paulo (ISA-Capital 2008). O estilo de vida foi definido pela avaliação da atividade física, consumo alimentar, tabagismo, consumo abusivo e dependência de álcool, de acordo com as respectivas recomendações. A prevalência de estilo de vida saudável foi de 36,9% entre idosos, 15,4% entre adultos e 9,8% entre adolescentes, sendo maior no sexo feminino entre idosos e adultos. Dentre aqueles com estilo de vida não saudável, 51,5% dos idosos, 32,2% dos adultos e 57,9% dos adolescentes não atingiram a recomendação para uma dieta adequada. A prevalência de estilo de vida saudável foi maior entre idosos, seguida pelos adultos e adolescentes. O consumo alimentar foi o principal responsável pelo estilo de vida não saudável, evidenciando a importância de intervenções para a promoção do estilo de vida saudável e, principalmente, da dieta adequada.
Que boca grande você tem! Articulações sobre os distúrbios da oralidade no autismo
Authors: Dias Ana Carolina Afonso Lima ,   Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo,  Br
Published: January 2017

O texto apresenta algumas considerações sobre os distúrbios da oralidade no autismo, no viés da psicanálise, entrelaçando as questões da constituição do psiquismo infantil e a oralidade. Para enlaçar estas questões teóricas e clínicas dois casos são delineados no trabalho. As crianças retratadas apresentam funcionamento autistico onde a primazia oral apresenta-se e o surpreendente enigmático comparece no modo como a oralidade se revela, seja na voracidade ou na indiscriminação oral, instalando a boca exclusivamente no lugar de fenda, buraco que engloba tudo e não se satisfaz.
Cuerpos y prácticas: una década de estudios ctg
Authors: Ibáñez Martín Rebeca , Ortega Arjonilla Esther , Pérez Sedeño Eulalia
Published: January 2017

Resumen En este trabajo presentamos algunas investigaciones realizadas en el área de estudios sociales de la ciencia bajo el enfoque denominado Ciencia, Tecnología y Género (CTG). La intersección de los estudios sociales de la ciencia con la teoría feminista y los estudios de género ha dado lugar a este campo de estudio interdisciplinar. En el Estado español, se han llevado a cabo múltiples trabajos en esta línea, de los que exponemos algunos de los realizados por nuestro grupo de investigación al menos en los últimos diez años. Se centran en estudios de caso, que implican diferentes tecnologías biomédicas, y en los que los cuerpos juegan un papel fundamental estableciendo alianzas, resistencias o cuestionando los marcos normativos en los que cuerpos y tecnologías se hayan inmersos.
Diagnósticos, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem para pacientes em diálise peritoneal
Authors: Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da , Bezerra Moiziara Xavier , Souza Neto Vinicius Lino de , Mendonça Ana Elza Oliveira de , Salvetti Marina de Góes
Published: January 2017

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar os principais diagnósticos, resultados e intervenções de enfermagem, e validar uma proposta de plano de cuidados para pacientes em diálise peritoneal. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 68 pacientes em centro de referência para doenças renais, seguindo as etapas: elaboração dos Diagnósticos de Enfermagem a partir da NANDA-Internacional; proposta inicial de resultados e intervenções de enfermagem, conforme a Nursing Outcomes Classification e Nursing Interventions Classification; e elaboração de um plano de cuidados com validação por especialistas. Resultados: Identificaram-se seis diagnósticos com frequência acima de 50% e foram propostos 16 resultados e 35 intervenções de enfermagem. No processo de validação realizado por enfermeiros especialistas, foram selecionados oito resultados e 21 intervenções com índice de concordância muito bom (≥0,8). Conclusão: O estudo permitiu identificar diagnósticos e selecionar resultados e intervenções de enfermagem para aplicação na prática clínica, com vistas a subsidiar o processo de cuidado e o conhecimento das taxonomias de enfermagem.
Tempo de assistência de enfermagem e indicadores de qualidade em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva pediátrica e neonatal
Authors: Vieira Fabiana Pereira das Chagas ,   Universidade de São Paulo,  Brasil, Garcia Paulo Carlos , Fugulin Fernanda Maria Togeiro
Published: January 2017

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a correlação entre tempo médio de assistência de enfermagem e indicadores de qualidade assistencial em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica e Neonatal (UTIPN). Métodos: Pesquisa quantitativa, documental, correlacional com coleta retrospectiva de dados, realizado na UTIPN do Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo. A relação entre o tempo médio de assistência dispensado e os indicadores assistenciais do período de janeiro de 2008 a julho de 2013 foi verificada pelos testes de Correlação de Spearman e de Pearson. Resultados: O tempo médio de assistência de enfermagem dispensado aos pacientes correspondeu ao preconizado pelo Cofen (17,9 horas), porém com percentual de enfermeiros menor que o indicado. A correlação entre tempo de assistência de enfermagem e indicador saída não planejada de sonda oro/nasogastroenteral indica que a disponibilidade de tempo influencia as notificações ou subnotificações desses eventos. Conclusão: Os resultados não evidenciaram alteração nos índices dos indicadores de qualidade em função do tempo médio de cuidado, mas sugerem poder estar relacionados à experiência profissional, capacitação da equipe de enfermagem e ações educativas para melhoria contínua dos processos assistenciais.
Agricultura familiar no norte do estado do Rio de Janeiro: identificação de manejo tradicional
Authors: Paes Raquel da Silva ,   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil, Zappes Camilah Antunes ,   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brasil
Published: January 2017

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo é descrever as técnicas utilizadas na agricultura familiar e identificar a ocorrência de um possível manejo tradicional na atividade praticada no 5º Distrito do município de São João da Barra, estado do Rio de Janeiro. Para a coleta das informações foram realizadas 50 entrevistas etnográficas com agricultores familiares por meio de questionários semiestruturados contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas, observação participante e diário de campo. Os agricultores são em sua maioria do sexo masculino com baixa escolaridade. O conhecimento tradicional sobre a agricultura é ensinado principalmente dentro do núcleo familiar. Para a agricultura familiar podem ser utilizadas ferramentas manuais e maquinário pesado. Para incremento de nutrientes no solo são utilizadas adubação química e orgânica e lodo de cana de açúcar. A irrigação ocorre por meio de poços artesianos/bomba elétrica/mangueira pressurizada e aspersão convencional. Para descanso do solo e melhor produção das lavouras são aplicadas rotação de culturas e pousio de áreas sendo estas caracterizadas como manejo tradicional na região.
A COEXISTÊNCIA DO PENSAMENTO CARTESIANO E SISTÊMICO: AS LIMITAÇÕES TERRITORIAIS ENFRENTADAS PELO PAA E PNAE EM PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Sodré Maiara Tavares ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas,  Brasil, Salamoni Giancarla ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas,  Brasil
Published: January 2017

RESUMO O presente trabalho aborda as limitações territoriais enfrentadas pelo Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) em seu processo de operacionalização no município de Pelotas a partir da visão de três grupos de entrevistados: agricultores fornecedores, instituições mediadoras e entidades executoras. Adota-se como método a abordagem sistêmica, operacionalizada através de trabalho de campo para realização de entrevistas, estas exploradas por meio de análise de conteúdo. De modo geral, verifica-se uma tendência de cada um dos três grupos pesquisados em associar, majoritariamente, as limitações territoriais dos programas à atuação dos outros dois grupos envolvidos, minimizando os problemas ou dificuldades decorrentes da sua própria ação. Enquanto as entidades executoras associam as limitações territoriais essencialmente aos fornecedores, estes imputam as limitações principalmente às executoras. Os mediadores preferem, por sua vez, associar parte dos problemas enfrentados à alçada das executoras e outra parte aos fornecedores. Colige-se que essa tendência decorre de uma visão de mundo cartesiana e fracionada, que enxerga apenas as partes e, por isso, não pode compreender a complexidade da realidade e do contexto que cerca e condiciona a ação de cada indivíduo.
Educação Étnico-Racial e Formação Inicial de Professores: a recepção da Lei 10.639/03
Authors: Oliveira Míria Gomes de ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,  Brazil, Silva Paulo Vinícius Baptista da ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Passados treze anos da promulgação da Lei 10.639/03 que estabelece o estudo das contribuições dos povos do continente africano e da diáspora afrodescendente para a história, arte e cultura brasileiras, propomos, neste artigo, mapear seus impactos, tendo em vista a construção de sentidos em torno da efetividade e eficácia (Santos, 1985) da lei. Nosso corpus discute a recepção durante seminário temático em turma de licenciatura em língua portuguesa. Entendendo discurso como prática ideológica que constitui, naturaliza, sustenta e modifica significados no/sobre o mundo (Rogers, 2004), apontamos a dupla referenciação em torno do que seja a obrigatoriedade da lei nos momentos em que os interlocutores se envolvem em armadilhas discursivas.
História e Cultura Afro-Brasileira e Africana na Educação Básica da Paraíba
Authors: Chagas Waldeci Ferreira ,   Universidade Estadual da Paraíba,  Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Neste artigo discute-se sobre o ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana em escolas públicas da Paraíba. Nele analisam-se as experiências desenvolvidas por trinta docentes que atuam na educação básica e em escolas públicas municipais localizadas em cidades de três mesorregiões da Paraíba: litoral, agreste e brejo. Para a realização da análise, recorreu-se aos projetos desenvolvidos e executados pelos docentes, através dos quais foi discutido o conteúdo, a metodologia, os recursos didáticos e a relação entre a execução desses projetos e a efetivação da educação para as relações étnico-raciais.
Raça, História e Educação no Brasil e em Portugal: desafios e perspectivas
Authors: Pereira Amilcar Araujo ,   Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro,  Brazil, Araújo Marta ,   Universidade de Coimbra,  Portugal
Published: January 2017

Resumo: Este artigo propõe um diálogo entre os debates políticos e acadêmicos sobre raça, identidade e história nos contextos brasileiro e português. Para tal, examina a relação entre o mito da democracia racial (como ficou conhecido no Brasil) e a ideia de uma vocação nacional para a interculturalidade em Portugal e o debate contemporâneo sobre racismo e eurocentrismo, assim como a sua evasão, focando na educação - tomada como palco de importantes lutas políticas. Abordando momentos cruciais destes debates, o artigo procura aprofundar a discussão sobre raça e poder no ensino da História e contestar a despolitização das narrativas contemporâneas que continuam a escudar-se nas especificidades históricas de cada um dos contextos nacionais.
DESMANCHAR O CINEMA: VARIAÇÕES DO FORA-DE-CAMPO EM FILMES INDÍGENAS
Authors: Brasil André ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil, Belisário Bernard ,   Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
Published: January 2017

Resumo O artigo se dedica a um conjunto de filmes realizados por cineastas ou coletivos indígenas para demonstrar o modo variável como o fora-de-campo invisível se relaciona ao campo visível, fenomenológico. Trata-se assim de observar como o cinema é constituído pelas forças que atuam de fora para possibilitá-lo, mas também para desfazê-lo (ou, nas palavras de Divino Tserewahú, para "desmanchá-lo"). Tentaremos lidar de modo muito concreto com essa hipótese a partir da análise de sequências de cinco filmes: Urihi Haromatimape: Curadores da terra-floresta (2013); As hipermulheres (2011); Tatakox da Vila Nova (2009); Shuku Shukuwe: a vida é para sempre (2012) e Bicicletas de Nhanderu (2011).
Assessment of fatigue using the Identity-Consequence Fatigue Scale in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Nogueira Ingrid Correia , Araújo Amanda Souza , Morano Maria Tereza , Cavalcante Antonio George , Bruin Pedro Felipe de , Paddison Johana Susan , Silva Guilherme Pinheiro da , Pereira Eanes Delgado
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the properties of the Identity-Consequence Fatigue Scale (ICFS) in patients with lung cancer (LC), assessing the intensity of fatigue and associated factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving LC patients, treated at a teaching hospital in Brazil, who completed the ICFS. Patients with chronic heart disease (CHD) and healthy controls, matched for age and gender, also completed the scale. Initially, a Brazilian Portuguese-language version of the ICFS was administered to 50 LC patients by two independent interviewers; to test for reproducibility, it was readministered to those same patients. At baseline, the LC patients were submitted to spirometry and the six-minute walk test, as well as completing the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Inflammatory status was assessed by blood C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. To validate the ICFS, we assessed the correlations of its scores with those variables. Results: The sample comprised 50 patients in each group (LC, CHD, and control). In the LC group, the intraclass correlation coefficients for intra-rater and inter-rater reliability regarding ICFS summary variables ranged from 0.94 to 0.76 and from 0.94 to 0.79, respectively. The ICFS presented excellent internal consistency, and Bland-Altman plots showed good test-retest reliability. The ICFS correlated significantly with FSS, HADS, and SF-36 scores, as well as with CRP levels. Mean ICFS scores in the LC group differed significantly from those in the CHD and control groups. Conclusions: The ICFS is a valid, reliable instrument for evaluating LC patients, in whom depression, quality of life, and CRP levels seem to be significantly associated with fatigue.
Book review
Authors: Murphy Bill
Published: January 2017

Geomodels in Engineering Geology – An Introduction.
Effect of high temperatures on sandstone – a computed tomography scan study
Authors: Lintao Yang , Marshall Alec M. , Wanatowski Dariusz , Stace Rod , Ekneligoda Thushan
Published: January 2017

The impact of high temperatures on rocks is a topic of growing importance in geotechnical engineering due to its relevance to applications such as underground nuclear fuel storage, geothermal energy resource exploration and underground coal gasification. This paper presents results from tests performed on samples of sandstone treated to a range of temperatures between 20 and 1000°C. Sandstone samples obtained from underground coal gasification trial sites in Poland were selected for the tests. Multistage triaxial tests were used to determine the mechanical properties of the samples. X-ray diffraction and thermal analyses were performed to investigate the changes in physical and chemical properties of the samples under increasing temperature. Micro-computed tomography analyses were carried out on selected samples in order to show the microstructural changes that take place as a result of the heating process. Three-dimensional characterisation of sample porosity and pore-size distribution was performed to obtain a quantitative comparison between samples subjected to different temperature treatments. The relationship between microstructure and macro-mechanical characteristics of sandstone at high temperatures is discussed. The results illustrate that the mechanical properties of sandstone are closely related to alterations of microstructure that result from increased temperatures.
Hereditary afibrinogenemia: A literature review and clinical observations
Authors: Yakovleva E V , Surin V L , Selivanova D S , Sergeeva A M , Gonсharova M V , Demidova E Yu , Soboleva N P , Makhinya S A , Dezhenkova A V , Likhacheva E A , Zozulya N I
Published: January 2017

Afibrinogenemia is a rare congenital coagulopathy that leads to life-threatening bleeding. In afibrinogenemia, plasma fibrinogen levels are less than 0.1 g/L. The clinical manifestations of the disease can be both bleeding and thromboses of different localizations, which is determined by the multifunctional role of fibrinogen in hemostasis. The described cases demonstrate different clinical phenotypes of the disease. In both cases the diagnosis was confirmed by genetic examinations that revealed homozygous mutations in the fibrinogen A genes. The nature of the mutations assumes consanguineous marriages, as confirmed by the results of a genealogical analysis. Fibrinogen preparations are promising in treating afibrinogenemia in Russia.