bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shear Capacity of Open Sandwich Steel Plate‐Concrete Composite Slab: Experimental and Analytical Studies
Authors: Wu Lili , An Lipei , Li Jiawei
Published: July 2019

Considering that the fixed crack model by default of the general finite element software was unable to simulate the shear softening behavior of concrete in the actual situation, a rotational crack model based on the modified compression field theory developed by UMAT (user material) of ABAQUS software was proposed and applied to the nonlinear analysis, and a numerical simulated model for the steel‐concrete composite slab was built for shear analysis. Experimental studies and numerical analyses were used to investigate the shear load‐carrying capacity, deformation, and crack development in steel plate‐concrete composite slab, as well as the effects of the shear span ratio and shear stud spacing on the shear performance and the contribution of the steel plate and the concrete to the shear performance. Shear capacity tests were conducted on three open sandwich steel plate‐concrete composite slabs and one plain concrete slab without a steel plate. The results indicated that the shear‐compression failure mode occurred primarily in the steel plate‐concrete composite slab and that the steel plate sustained more than 50% of the total shear force. Because of the combination effect of steel plate, the actual shear force sustained by the concrete in the composite slab was 1.27 to 2.22 times greater than that of the calculated value through the Chinese Design Code for Concrete Structures (GB 50010‐2010). Furthermore, the shear capacity of the specimen increases by 37% as the shear stud spacing decreases from 250 mm to 150 mm. By comparing the shear capacity, the overall process of load deformation development, and the failure mode, it was shown that the simulation results corresponded with the experimental results. Furthermore, the numerical simulation model was applied to analyze the influence of some factors on composite slab, and a formula of shear bearing capacity of slab was obtained. The results of the formula agreed with the test result, which could provide references to the design and application of steel plate‐concrete composite slab.
Detailed Anatomy of the Lateral Rectus Muscle-Superior Rectus Muscle Band
Authors: Nam Yong Seok , Park Yooyeon , Kim In-Beom , Shin Sun Young
Published: July 2019

Background. To elucidate the detailed anatomy of the lateral rectus muscle-superior rectus muscle (LR-SR) band by cadaver eye investigation. Methods. In total, 48 eyes of 24 cadavers were observed macroscopically. The lateral rectus muscle (LRM) and superior rectus muscle (SRM) were dissected from their origins to their insertions under the dissecting microscope, and the location, width, length, and tensile strength of the LR-SR bands were measured. Results. The LR-SR band is the thick ligament interconnecting LRM pulleys with SRM pulleys. The LR-SR band was covered by the orbital part of the lacrimal gland superiorly, and the intermuscular septum between the LRM and SRM was shown anterior to the LR-SR band. The length of the attachment site between the LR-SR band and the SRM was less at 8.64 ± 1.52 mm (p=0.040), its thickness was thinner at 0.74 ± 0.16 mm (p=0.002), and its tensile strength was weaker at 7.64 ± 1.82 N (p=0.028) compared to the attachment site between the LR-SR band and the LRM. Conclusions. This study revealed the detailed anatomy of the LR-SR band and provided helpful information to understand heavy eye syndrome and sagging eye syndrome.
Correlation Analysis of Spatial Distribution, Temporal Seismotectonics, and Return Period of Earthquake in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Sianturi Hery Leo , Susilo Adi , Sunaryo  , Maryanto Sukir
Published: July 2019

This paper presents spatial distribution, temporal seismotectonics, and return period of earthquake in East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia, using earthquake data and Maximum Likelihood methods. The data used are ISC, USGS/NEIC, and Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (IMCGA) earthquake catalog data for the period of 1918 to 2015. The results show that the a-value ranges from 5.0 to 8.5 and b-value ranges from 0.6 to 1.3. The pattern of spatial distribution of b-value is relatively low corresponding to the low of a-value, which means the high level of stress of rock in the area. The fractal dimension shows that the D value ranges from 1.384 to 1.874. The earthquake that occurred in East Nusa Tenggara Province was dominated by a small magnitude with great seismicity and the fastest return period is in Alor and Timor islands which is 44 days.
Impact of MRSA Transmission and Infection in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in China: A Bundle Intervention Study during 2014-2017
Authors: Huang Huiping , Ran Jing , Yang Jianzhou , Li Peng , Zhuang Guihua
Published: July 2019

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of bundle intervention on healthcare-associated (HA) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) infection in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods. In this study, 11,277 infants having undergone treatment at the NICU in Xiamen, China, from January 2014 to February 2017 were recruited. We retrospectively reviewed patients’ demographic and clinical information. Patients from 2014 to 2015 were treated as the control group and those from 2016 to 2017 were classified as the experimental group. Bundle intervention measures were performed, including screening for MRSA, isolation precautions, training of hand hygiene, cleaning protocols, and decontamination of isolation ward. The HA-MRSA data and compliance of infection control measures between both groups were analyzed. Results. Through bundle interventions, the compliance with the isolation of MRSA raised from 55.88% to 92.86% and hand hygiene compliance increased from 90.07% to 93.23% (P < 0.05). The HA infection decreased from 1.87% to 1.71% (P > 0.05) and HA detection rate of MRSA declined from 2.63‰ to 1.00‰, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Multifaceted interventions can effectively prevent MRSA infection and transmission; this includes active surveillance, isolation precautions, increased hand hygiene compliance, environmental cleaning, and decontamination.
Bucindolol Modulates Cardiac Remodeling by Attenuating Oxidative Stress in H9c2 Cardiac Cells Exposed to Norepinephrine
Authors: Lima-Seolin Bruna Gazzi de , Nemec-Bakk Ashley , Forsyth Heidi , Kirk Stefanie , da Rosa Araujo Alex Sander , Schenkel Paulo Cavalheiro , Belló-Klein Adriane , Khaper Neelam
Published: July 2019

The increased circulation of norepinephrine, found in the diseased heart as a result of sympathetic nervous system overactivation, is responsible for its cardiotoxic effects including pathological hypertrophy, cell death, and oxidative stress. Bucindolol is a third generation adrenergic blocker, which acts on the β1 and β2 receptors, and has additional α1 antagonist activity. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the action of bucindolol on oxidative stress, hypertrophy, cell survival, and cell death signaling pathways in H9c2 cardiac cells exposed to norepinephrine. H9c2 cells were incubated with 10 μM norepinephrine for 24 h in the presence or absence of bucindolol (10 μM) treatment for 8 h. Western blot was used to determine the expression of proteins for hypertrophy/survival and death signaling pathways. Flow cytometry was used to assess cell death via caspase-3/7 activity and propidium iodide and reactive oxygen species via measuring the fluorescence of CM-H2DCFDA. Norepinephrine exposure resulted in an increase in oxidative stress as well as cell death. This was accompanied by an increased protein expression of LC3B-II/I. The protein kinase B/mammalian target of the rapamycin (Akt/mTOR) pathway which is involved in cardiac remodeling process was activated in response to norepinephrine and was mitigated by bucindolol. In conclusion, bucindolol was able to modulate cardiac remodeling which is mediated by oxidative stress.
Evaluation and Identification of the Neuroprotective Compounds of Xiaoxuming Decoction by Machine Learning: A Novel Mode to Explore the Combination Rules in Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription
Authors: Yang Shilun , Shen Yanjia , Lu Wendan , Yang Yinglin , Wang Haigang , Li Li , Wu Chunfu , Du Guanhua
Published: July 2019

Xiaoxuming decoction (XXMD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, has been used as a therapeutic in the treatment of stroke in clinical practice for over 1200 years. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of XXMD have not yet been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to develop neuroprotective models for identifying neuroprotective compounds in XXMD against hypoxia-induced and H2O2-induced brain cell damage. In this study, a phenotype-based classification method was designed by machine learning to identify neuroprotective compounds and to clarify the compatibility of XXMD components. Four different single classifiers (AB, kNN, CT, and RF) and molecular fingerprint descriptors were used to construct stacked naïve Bayesian models. Among them, the RF algorithm had a better performance with an average MCC value of 0.725±0.014 and 0.774±0.042 from 5-fold cross-validation and test set, respectively. The probability values calculated by four models were then integrated into a stacked Bayesian model. In total, two optimal models, s-NB-1-LPFP6 and s-NB-2-LPFP6, were obtained. The two validated optimal models revealed Matthews correlation coefficients (MCC) of 0.968 and 0.993 for 5-fold cross-validation and of 0.874 and 0.959 for the test set, respectively. Furthermore, the two models were used for virtual screening experiments to identify neuroprotective compounds in XXMD. Ten representative compounds with potential therapeutic effects against the two phenotypes were selected for further cell-based assays. Among the selected compounds, two compounds significantly inhibited H2O2-induced and Na2S2O4-induced neurotoxicity simultaneously. Together, our findings suggested that machine learning algorithms such as combination Bayesian models were feasible to predict neuroprotective compounds and to preliminarily demonstrate the pharmacological mechanisms of TCM.
Complexity Analysis of Time‐Frequency Features for Vibration Signals of Rolling Bearings Based on Local Frequency
Authors: Tang Youfu , Lin Feng , Zou Qian
Published: July 2019

The multisource impact signal of rolling bearings often represents nonlinear and nonstationary characteristics, and quantitative description of the complexity of the signal with traditional spectrum analysis methods is difficult to be obtained. In this study, firstly, a novel concept of local frequency is defined to develop the limitation of traditional frequency. Then, an adaptive waveform decomposition method is proposed to extract the time‐frequency features of nonstationary signals with multicomponents. Finally, the normalized Lempel–Ziv complexity method is applied to quantitatively measure the time‐frequency features of vibration signals of rolling bearings. The results indicate that the time‐frequency features extracted by the proposed method have clear physical meanings and can accurately distinguish the different fault states of rolling bearings. Furthermore, the normalized Lempel–Ziv complexity method can quantitatively measure the nonlinearity of the multisource impact signal. So, it supplies an effective basis for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.
ENLACE: A Combination of Layer-Based Architecture and Wireless Communication for Emotion Monitoring in Healthcare
Authors: Mano Leandro Y. , Barros Vinícius A. , Nunes Luiz H. , Sawada Luana O. , Estrella Júlio C. , Ueyama Jó
Published: July 2019

Owing to the increase in the number of people with disabilities, as a result of either accidents or old age, there has been an increase in research studies in the area of ubiquitous computing and the Internet of Things. They are aimed at monitoring health, in an efficient and easily accessible way, as a means of managing and improving the quality of life of this section of the public. It also involves adopting a Health Homes policy based on the Internet of Things and applied in smart home environments. This is aimed at providing connectivity between the patients and their surroundings and includes mechanisms for helping the diagnosis and prevention of accidents and/or diseases. Monitoring gives rise to an opportunity to exploit the way computational systems can help to determine the real-time emotional state of patients. This is necessary because there are some limitations to traditional methods of health monitoring, for example, establishing the behavior of the user’s routine and issuing alerts and warnings to family members and/or medical staff about any abnormal event or signs of the onset of depression. This article discusses how a layer-based architecture can be used to detect emotional factors to assist in healthcare and the prevention of accidents within the context of Smart Home Health. The results show that this process-based architecture allows a load distribution with a better service that takes into account the complexity of each algorithm and the processing power of each layer of the architecture to provide a prompt response when there is a need for some intervention in the emotional state of the user.
Analysis of Financing Efficiency of Chinese Agricultural Listed Companies Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Liu Lixia , Zhan Xueli
Published: July 2019

Agricultural enterprises play a significant role in China’s economic development. However, compared with other enterprises, agricultural enterprises are facing serious financial problems. Financing difficulty is essentially a question of financing efficiency. Based on the DEA method, this paper evaluates the financing efficiency of 39 agricultural listed companies in China from 2013 to 2017. The results suggest that the financing efficiency is generally low, and the Total Factor Productivity of agricultural enterprises’ financing has a tendency to decrease first and then increase. The influencing factors of financing efficiency are analyzed using the Tobit regression model and the random forest regression model. And we find the following: (1) The random forest regression model significantly outperformed the Tobit regression model, with determination coefficients (R2) greater than 0.9 in full sample sets. (2) Total liability, financial expenses, return on total assets, and inventory turnover rate are important factors affecting financing efficiency of agricultural listed companies. (3) Return on total assets and inventory turnover rate promote the financing efficiency, while total liability and financial expenses reduce financing efficiency. Finally, the paper makes some suggestions for the financing of agricultural enterprises.
Evaluation of Residual Disease and TKI Duration Are Critical Predictive Factors for Molecular Recurrence after Stopping Imatinib First-line in Chronic Phase CML Patients
Authors: Nicolini Franck Emmanuel , Dulucq Stéphanie , Boureau Lisa , Cony-Makhoul Pascale , Charbonnier Aude , Escoffre-Barbe Martine , Rigal-Huguet Françoise , Coiteux Valérie , Varet Bruno , Dubruille Viviane , Lenain Pascal , Rousselot Philippe , Rea Delphine , Guerci-Bresler Agnès , Legros Laurence , Liu Jixing , Gardembas Martine , Ianotto Jean-Christophe , Turlure Pascal , Johnson-Ansah Hyacinthe , Martiniuc Juliana , Jardel Henry , Joly Bertrand , Zunic Patricia , Henni Tawfiq , Villemagne Bruno , Berger Marc G. , Cayssials Emilie , Guilhot François , Larosa Fabrice , Guilhot Joëlle , Etienne Gabriel , Mahon François-Xavier
Published: July 2019

Purpose:

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) discontinuation is an emerging goal in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) management and several studies have demonstrated the feasibility of safely stopping imatinib. A sustained deep molecular response on long-term TKI is critical prior to attempting treatment-free remission. Reproducible results from several studies reported recently, failed to identify robust and reproducible predictive factors for the selection of the best candidates for successful TKI cessation.

Patients and Methods:

We conducted a prospective national phase II study evaluating the cessation of imatinib after at least 2 years of MR4.5 obtained on imatinib first-line in patients with chronic phase CML.

Results:

A total of 218 patients with de novo chronic phase CML were involved in the study. The median follow-up after imatinib cessation was 23.5 (1–64) months, 2 patients died from unrelated causes, and 107 experienced a confirmed increase in BCR-ABL1 levels defined as molecular recurrence. The molecular recurrence-free survival was 52% [95% confidence interval (CI), 45%–59%] at 6 months, and 50% (95% CI, 43%–57%) at 24 months. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to evaluate more accurately low levels of BCR-ABL1 in 175 of 218 patients at imatinib cessation. To apply positive BCR-ABL1/ABL1 ratios on the international scale (IS), a conversion factor was calculated for ddPCR and the significant cut-off point was established at 0.0023%IS. In a multivariate analysis, the duration of TKI (≥74.8 months) and ddPCR (≥0.0023%IS) were the two identified predictive factors of molecular recurrence, with P = 0.0366 (HR, 0.635; 95% CI, 0.415–0.972] and P = 0.008 (HR, 0.556; 95% CI, 0.360–0.858), respectively.

Conclusions:

We conclude that the duration of TKI and residual leukemic cell load as determined by ddPCR are key factors for predicting successful treatment-free remission for patients with de novo chronic phase CML.

See related commentary by Yan et al., p. 6561
A Novel Anti-HER2 Antibody–Drug Conjugate XMT-1522 for HER2-Positive Breast and Gastric Cancers Resistant to Trastuzumab Emtansine
Authors: Le Joncour Vadim , Martins Ana , Puhka Maija , Isola Jorma , Salmikangas Marko , Laakkonen Pirjo , Joensuu Heikki , Barok Mark
Published: July 2019

Most patients with HER2-positive breast or gastric cancer exhibit primary or acquired resistance to trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), and such patients may have limited therapeutic options. XMT-1522 is a novel anti-HER2 antibody–drug conjugate. We compared XMT-1522 to T-DM1 in preclinical models. The effects of XMT-1522 and T-DM1 on cell survival and apoptosis were compared in six HER2-positive breast cancer or gastric cancer cell lines, of which three lines were T-DM1–sensitive (N-87, OE-19, JIMT-1) and three T-DM1–resistant (RN-87, ROE-19, SNU-216). We compared these agents also in the HER2-negative breast cancer cell line MCF-7, and in mouse RN-87 and JIMT-1 xenograft models. Cell survival was assessed using the AlamarBlue method and apoptosis with the Caspase-Glo 3/7 method. XMT-1522 inhibited the growth of all six HER2-positive cell lines. The proportions of cells that survived XMT-1522 treatment were smaller as compared with T-DM1, particularly in the T-DM1–resistant cell lines. XMT-1522 induced more cell apoptosis compared with T-DM1. While RN-87 and JIMT-1 xenograft tumors progressed on T-DM1 treatment, all tumors responded to XMT-1522, and all but one tumor disappeared during the XMT-1522 treatment. XMT-1522 had a strong antitumor effect on RN-87 and JIMT-1 xenografts that progressed on T-DM1. We conclude that XMT-1522 was effective in HER2-positive breast cancer and gastric cancer cell lines resistant to T-DM1, and in xenograft models resistant to T-DM1. The results support the testing of XMT-1522 in clinical trials in patients with HER2-positive cancer.
Efficient Tumor Clearance and Diversified Immunity through Neoepitope Vaccines and Combinatorial Immunotherapy
Authors: Lee Karin L. , Benz Stephen C. , Hicks Kristin C. , Nguyen Andrew , Gameiro Sofia R. , Palena Claudia , Sanborn John Z. , Su Zhen , Ordentlich Peter , Rohlin Lars , Lee John H. , Rabizadeh Shahrooz , Soon-Shiong Patrick , Niazi Kayvan , Schlom Jeffrey , Hamilton Duane H.
Published: July 2019

Progressive tumor growth is associated with deficits in the immunity generated against tumor antigens. Vaccines targeting tumor neoepitopes have the potential to address qualitative defects; however, additional mechanisms of immune failure may underlie tumor progression. In such cases, patients would benefit from additional immune-oncology agents targeting potential mechanisms of immune failure. This study explores the identification of neoepitopes in the MC38 colon carcinoma model by comparison of tumor to normal DNA and tumor RNA sequencing technology, as well as neoepitope delivery by both peptide- and adenovirus-based vaccination strategies. To improve antitumor efficacies, we combined the vaccine with a group of rationally selected immune-oncology agents. We utilized an IL15 superagonist to enhance the development of antigen-specific immunity initiated by the neoepitope vaccine, PD-L1 blockade to reduce tumor immunosuppression, and a tumor-targeted IL12 molecule to facilitate T-cell function within the tumor microenvironment. Analysis of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes demonstrated this multifaceted treatment regimen was required to promote the influx of CD8+ T cells and enhance the expression of transcripts relating to T-cell activation/effector function. Tumor-targeted IL12 resulted in a marked increase in clonality of T-cell repertoire infiltrating the tumor, which when sculpted with the addition of either a peptide or adenoviral neoepitope vaccine promoted efficient tumor clearance. In addition, the neoepitope vaccine induced the spread of immunity to neoepitopes expressed by the tumor but not contained within the vaccine. These results demonstrate the importance of combining neoepitope-targeting vaccines with a multifaceted treatment regimen to generate effective antitumor immunity.
Sneddon-Wilkinson Disease and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance in the Elderly: Case Report
Authors: Ceccarelli Gabriele , Molinelli Elisa , Campanati Anna , Goteri Gaia , Offidani Annamaria
Published: July 2019

Sneddon-Wilkinson disease (SWD) or subcorneal pustular dermatosis is considered a rare pustular skin disease with chronic relapsing course. An association between SWD and other chronic conditions, such as IgA or IgG monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), IgA myeloma, pyoderma gangrenosum, thyroid gland disorders, and neoplastic diseases other than MGUS/myeloma, is known. We describe the case of a 92-year-old male patient with SWD and a concurrent IgG MGUS who had been treated with systemic betamethasone, topical mometasone furoate, and methylprednisolone aceponate, with a complete and durable resolution of symptoms and skin lesions without side effects. Systemic and topical steroids were very effective and well tolerated in our patient. This is the second case reported in the literature on the efficacy of a corticosteroid regimen in SWD in a fragile patient. This therapeutic approach (instead of dapsone therapy) has been used due to its relatively good safety profile.
Outcome Analysis of Patients of Congenital Hydrocephalus with Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt at a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Bawa Monika , Dash Vedarth , Mahalik Santosh , Rao K.L.N.
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a commonly performed neurosurgical procedure in pediatric surgical practice. This study is aimed at determining the outcome of congenital hydrocephalus patients who underwent shunt surgery at our center. Materials and Methods: A total of 278 operated cases of congenital hydrocephalus with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were analyzed in terms of complications. Hydrocephalus associated with intracranial hemorrhage, neural tube defects, and ventriculitis were excluded from the study. Results: Complications were observed in 32.0% (89/278) of cases. Shunt block and chamber migration were the most common complications (29.21%). Abdominal wound complications were seen in 4.49% of cases. Shunt exposure due to erosion of overlying skin was noted in 6 patients. Shunt infection was diagnosed in only 9 patients (4.4%). New-onset seizures were seen in 4 cases. Overall, 21% of patients required redo shunt and there were 2 mortalities. Conclusion: VP shunt continues to have high complication rates. Shunt migration and new-onset seizure disorders are important late complications. In spite of inherent problems, shunt surgery is the procedure of choice until a safer effective alternative is available.
Intestinal Behçet’s Disease with Primary Myelofibrosis Involving Trisomy 8
Authors: Narazaki Taisuke , Shiratsuchi Motoaki , Tsuda Mariko , Tsukamoto Yasuhiro , Muta Hiroki , Masuda Toru , Kimura Daisaku , Takamatsu Akiko , Nakanishi Ryota , Oki Eiji , Fujiwara Minako , Oda Yoshinao , Nakashima Yasuhiro , Ogawa Yoshihiro
Published: July 2019

Behçet’s disease (BD) is a disorder characterized by systemic inflammation of multiple organs, including the intestines. Several studies have reported a relationship between myelodysplastic syndrome and BD, and trisomy 8 was frequently seen, especially in intestinal BD. However, the association of BD with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) has not been well documented. A 58-year-old Japanese female was diagnosed with PMF in 2014. The symptoms of PMF resolved with ruxolitinib. However, she developed fever and intestinal perforation due to multiple ulcers in the terminal ileum in 2017. Intestinal perforation recurred 1 month later, and the dose of ruxolitinib was tapered. After discontinuation of ruxolitinib, she presented with recurrent oral aphthous ulcers and uveitis. Subsequently, intestinal perforation recurred, and she was diagnosed with intestinal BD. Trisomy 8 was identified in her peripheral blood. She underwent steroid therapy, azathioprine, and infliximab. This case suggests relationships between PMF, trisomy 8, and BD.
Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis and Subdural Hematoma as Treatment-Related Complications in Suprasellar Germ Cell Tumor Associated with Adipsic Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Kobayashi Kenichiro , Suehiro Minoru , Maihara Toshiro , Usami Ikuya , Kageyama Yasufumi , Okazaki Shin , Heike Toshio
Published: July 2019

Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare but not a negligible complication in pediatric brain tumor. An 11-year-old male with suprasellar germ cell tumor developed treatment-related vascular complications of CSVT and subdural hematoma. The underlying mechanism of CSVT was attributed to multiple risk factors, such as adipsic diabetes insipidus, obesity, central apnea, and chemotherapy-induced endothelial injury. In an attempt to minimize the possible risk of vascular complications, including late effect in pediatric brain tumors, we would like to stress the importance of individualized supportive therapy, i.e., hormone replacement, fluid management, thromboprophylaxis, and bi-level positive airway pressure therapy.
Easy Detection and Fast Removal of Gastric Anisakis during Narrow-Band Imaging Endoscopy with L-Menthol Administration
Authors: Arai Toshio , Yamada Hiroki , Edagawa Takeya , Sugiyama Hiromu , Nakachi Kenichirou
Published: July 2019

Anisakiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the ingestion of raw or uncooked seafood infected with third-stage larvae of the anisakid nematodes. A 45-year-old Japanese man presented with epigastric pain and itchy skin with rash on his arm, chest, and back after eating vinegar-marinated raw mackerel sushi. He underwent an emergent endoscopic examination using narrow-band imaging (NBI) that revealed two anisakidlarvae. NBI showed the larvae more clearly than white light imaging on the cardiac region of the stomach. We sprayed L-menthol on the larvae for stopping their movement and then easily removed them using biopsy forceps. The macroscopic examination and genotype analysis of the specimens revealed the two larvae as belonging to A. simplex sensu stricto. Our case demonstrates the usefulness of endoscopic examination with NBI and of the L-menthol spray in visualizing and immobilizing the larvae for removal.
Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease Manifesting as Isolated, Typical, and Nontypical Gastroesophageal Lesion: A Research of Literature Review
Authors: Khan Samiullah , Zhu Lan-ping , Jiang Kui , Liu Wentian , Chen Xin , Wang Bang-mao
Published: July 2019

Background: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an autoimmune inflammatory and fibrotic condition. The disease is characterized by tissue infiltration with dense lymphoplasmacytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells. Summary: The aim of this study was to provide gastroenterologists with novel insights into evaluating the gastroesophageal involvement with IgG4-RD or mimickers of this condition and to give special attention to clinicopathological features. A literature review was performed using the PubMed database. A total of 39 studies presenting cases in the form of isolated, typical, and nontypical gastroesophageal involvement with IgG4-RD published between 2010 and 2018 were included. These studies were thoroughly reviewed for symptoms, lesion location, lesion type, lesion size, immune-histopathology, associated diseases, treatment, and follow-up. Of the 39 studies reviewed, 9 were esophageal IgG4-RD lesions, isolated esophageal IgG4-RD 66.66% (6/9), a typical form of esophageal IgG4-RD 11.11% (1/9), and nontypical form esophageal IgG4-RD 22.22% (2/9). The 30 gastric IgG4-RD that include isolated gastric IgG4-RD 46.66% (14/30), typical gastric IgG4-RD 40% (12/30), and nontypical gastric IgG4-RD 13.33% (4/30). The majority of lesions were inflammatory tumors, ulceration, nodular lesions, chronic gastritis, and malignant lesions. Key Messages: IgG4-RD may be manifested by isolated, typical and nontypical forms of gastroesophageal lesions and should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis. Corticosteroids may be the sole diagnostic treatment for this condition.
Clinical and Radiologic Characteristics of Intra-Abdominal Fistulizing Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Benson Ariel A. , Aviran Eyal , Yaari Shaul , Lev-Cohain Naama , Sosna Jacob , Oren Ran , Israeli Eran
Published: July 2019

Background: Few studies describe the radiological and laboratory characteristics of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) with intra-abdominal fistulae. Objectives: We aimed to describe a cohort of CD patients with intra-abdominal fistulae and determine characteristics associated with complex fistulae. Methods: Data were gathered from medical records and imaging studies of patients. Evaluation included type of fistula, number of fistulae, and radiological characteristics. Results: A total of 205 fistulae in 132 patients were identified with an average patient age of 31 (±12) years. The average time from CD diagnosis to fistula development was 7 years. The most common type of fistula was entero-enteric (53%). Patients with an extra-intestinal fistula presented with an average of 1.96 fistulae, compared with an average of 1.28 fistulae for those with a fistula limited to the bowel (p =0.01). Except for the number of fistula no other significant differences were observed in radiological characteristics of patients who were diagnosed with a fistula at time of CD diagnosis compared to those diagnosed with a fistula later. Conclusions: The most common CD-associated intra-abdominal fistulae are entero-enteric and entero-colonic fistulae. An extra-intestinal fistula and diagnosis of a fistula subsequent to diagnosis of CD were associated with an increased number of fistulae per patient.
Olfactory Identification among Various Subtypes of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Jalali Mir Mohammad , Roudbary Seyed Ali , Gerami Hooshang , Soleimani Robabeh , Ebrahimi Seyed Matin
Published: July 2019

Introduction: This study is aimed at investigating the olfactory function among different subtypes of Parkinson disease (PD) and the impact of sex on smell identification test. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used Iran-smell identification test (Iran-SIT). PD severity was determined using a Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale. We used analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare the olfactory function among different PD subtypes. All analyses were performed using SPSS software version 16.0. Results: In total, 66 males and 38 females participated in this study. The most common PD subtype was postural instability and gait difficulty (38.5%). Severe hyposmia and anosmia were found in 44.6 and 19.6% of participants, respectively. Women had a higher score in olfactory function than men (p = 0.44). The score of subjects with stage 1 in the H&Y scale was about 3 points higher than the score with stage 4. The ANCOVA showed a statistically significant effect of subtypes PD on Iran-SIT score after controlling for the effects of covariates (p = 0.03). There is a significant difference between tremor-dominant Parkinson disease (TDPD) and other subtypes of PD (p < 0.05). However, Iran-SIT scores failed to show a significant difference between men and women (p = 0.13). Discussion/Conclusion: Our results confirmed that PD is heterogeneous and there is significant variability in odor identification ability in these patients. We observed more olfactory impairment in TDPD, and subjects with higher H&Y stage. We recommended future studies with repeated measurements of different aspects of smell function to characterize the temporal relationship of olfactory dysfunction with PD.
ФОРМУВАННЯ МЕДИЧНИХ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСІВ У СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНОМУ ЦЕНТРІ НА ПРИНЦИПАХ ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА
Authors: Chopchik V. D. , Orlova N. M.
Published: July 2019

Мета: науково обґрунтувати методологію стандартизації медичних бізнес-процесів у стоматологічному центрі на принципах державно-приватного партнерства.

Матеріали і методи. Методологію стандартизації медичних бізнес-процесів у стоматологічному центрі обґрунтовано на основі системного підходу і системного аналізу із використанням інформаційно-аналітичного методу. Інформаційною базою для її формування є наукові праці фахівців із організації та управління охороною здоров’я, а також результати власних досліджень.

Результати. Основна мета радикальної зміни медичних бізнес-процесів у стоматологічному центрі на принципах державно-приватного партнерства – запровадження абсолютно нових способів виконання робіт, реструктуризація виробництва послуг, що забезпечить підвищення ефективності управління, фінансово-господарської діяльності та якості послуг. У дослідженні здійснено обґрунтування методології структуризації діяльності стоматологічного центру; виділено основні медичні бізнес-процеси із вказанням ключових чинників, які їх формують; визначено вхідні та вихідні події кожної групи бізнес-процесів, а також необхідні ресурси, функції і керуючі впливи для їх реалізації. Все це забезпечує орієнтацію роботи стоматологічного центру на пацієнта, підвищує ефективність використання наявних ресурсів, покращує контроль над діяльністю медичного персоналу і забезпечує підвищення якості медичної допомоги, що в кінцевому результаті сприяє збереженню стоматологічного здоров’я населення.

Висновки. Запропонована у статті методологія стандартизації медичних бізнес-процесів, яка забезпечує формування груп бізнес-процесів при наданні стоматологічної допомоги, забезпечує пацієнторієнтовану організацію роботи стоматологічного центру, підвищує ефективність використання наявних ресурсів, покращує контроль за діяльністю медичного персоналу, забезпечує підвищення якості медичної допомоги.
Introduction
Authors: Pinheiro Cláudio Costa , Schröder Peter , Vermeulen Han F.
Published: July 2019

The devastating fire in the 200-year-old Museu Nacional in Rio de Janeiro on September 2, 2018, demonstrates the vital importance of the historiography of sciences and the arts. As most collections have vanished, it is left to the history of science to pick up the pieces and present past developments in their complexity and global entanglements. In this special issue we aim to do this for the work of German and German-speaking anthropologists in Latin America, with a special focus on Brazil, carried out between the 1880s and 1945.
Seroprevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus in domestic cats of Fortaleza, Ceará
Authors: Rocha Mariana Araújo , Sousa Filho Reginaldo Pereira , Sampaio Keytyanne Oliveira , Cunha Marina Gabriela Monteiro Carvalho Mori da
Published: July 2019

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) are important etiologic agents of immunosuppressive diseases in felines. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of these retroviruses in domestic cats in Fortaleza, Ceará and the epidemiological factors associated with these infections. Between 2015 and 2016, 138 blood samples were collected and tested for FIV and FeLV by the enzyme immunoadsorption assay (ELISA). Parameters such as breed, gender, age, reproductive status, multi-cat environment, outdoor access and clinical manifestations were evaluated. The results showed that 12.32% were positive for FIV, 5.80% for FeLV and 1.45% for co-infection (FIV/FeLV). FIV+ animals were mostly mixed breed, neutered male adult cats, with indoor lifestyle and living in a multi-cat household. The most common clinical manifestation observed was disorders of the oral cavity. Factors found to increase the risk for FeLV seropositivity include mixed breed, young, spayed female cats, indoor lifestyle living in a multi-cat household were the most common epidemiological factors observed. The most common clinical manifestation was anorexia and apathy. The prevalence of these viruses were relatively high, compared with other region of Brazil. This study demonstrated that mixed breed, castrated, multi-cat environment and indoor lifestyle animals are of greater relevance for FIV and FeLV infection diseases. Factors related to cat demographics and health such as age, sex and type of household are important predictors for seropositive status to FeLV or FIV in Fortaleza. High prevalence of FeLV or FIV observed in our study is of concern, in view of the immunosuppressive potential of the two pathogens.
Discrimination and hate speech against North Korean Schools in Japan
Authors: Carvalho Bruno Alexandre , Yamamoto Lilian
Published: July 2019

This paper illustrates the discrimination suffered by ethnic schools in Japan today, especially those aimed at Korean children, who face great obstacles to appreciate their rights to education, including a lack of subsidies to their schools and tax exemption opportunities for donators. It also discusses the rise of hate speech from right-wing nationalist groups towards these schools and their students, and the ineffectiveness of current governmental measures to suppress such behavior.
UMA TESE RADICAL: ESPINOSA E A DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Braga Luiz Carlos Montans
Published: July 2019

Resenha do livro "O mais natural dos regimes. Espinosa e a Democracia", de Diogo Pires Aurélio.
Tainted Love: The Trials and Tribulations of a Career in Animal Studies
Authors: O’Sullivan Siobhan , Watt Yvette , Probyn-Rapsey Fiona
Published: July 2019

Developing an academic career can be exciting, rewarding and stimulating. It can also be challenging, disheartening, and highly insecure. Results from a survey of Animal Studies (AS) scholars identifies reasons why pursuing a career in AS might generate additional challenges, over and above those experienced by academics generally. For example, 44 percent of respondents stated that in their view, undertaking research in AS “creates challenges for an academic career.” This is compared to just 16 percent who thought that it is an advantage. Yet despite the challenges, there is much that is positive about AS. Participants described being in “dialogue with clever colleagues,” viewed their work as “totally engaging,” and reported feeling “morally useful.” This in turn affords AS scholars an authenticity that may be of long-term benefit in the competitive and constantly transforming world of higher education.
Activities of essential oils from three Brazilian plants and benzaldehyde analogues against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Barros Aline Ferreira , Campos Vicente Paulo , de Oliveira Denilson Ferreira , Silva Fabiola de Jesus , Jardim Iselino Nogueira , Costa Viviane Aparecida , Matrangolo Carlos Augusto Rodrigues , Ribeiro Regina Cássia Ferreira , Silva Geraldo Humberto
Published: July 2019

There is a demand for novel products for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes, so we characterised the effectiveness of some plant essential oils against Meloidogyne incognita and verified the efficiency of the major component from the most toxic oils and their analogues using in vitro and in vivo assays. In this study, the essential oils from Piptadenia viridiflora, Hyptis suaveolens and Astronium graveolens against M. incognita were evaluated, but only P. viridiflora oil showed toxicity toward M. incognita. Benzaldehyde was its main component according to GC-MS analysis. In in vitro assays, benzaldehyde (100 and 200 μg ml−1) and its oxime (400 μg ml−1) caused a higher rate of M. incognita second-stage juvenile (J2) mortality than the nematicide carbofuran (170 μg ml−1). Reductions of more than 90% in the number of galls and eggs, even greater than that observed with carbofuran, were observed in the assay where the J2 were placed in solutions of benzaldehyde and its oxime 48 h prior to tomato plant inoculation. Application of benzaldehyde together with M. incognita J2 to the substrate resulted only in a reduction in the number of eggs (42-65%); however, its oxime reduced both the number of galls (43-84%) and eggs (23-89%). Therefore, the P. viridiflora oil, its major component benzaldehyde, and the analogue benzaldehyde oxime are toxic to M. incognita. In two different in vivo assays, benzaldehyde oxime was confirmed as toxic to M. incognita with a greater efficacy than benzaldehyde.
The Rise of Diasporas as Adversarial Non-State Actors in Public Diplomacy: The Turkish Case
Authors: Uysal Nur
Published: July 2019

The profound changes in communication technology and dramatic increase in global migration have challenged the conventional dyadic conceptualization of ‘domestic’ and ‘foreign’ publics and increased the importance of diaspora publics. Using the four-quadrant model of public diplomacy and cascading activation model of framing, this article analyses the complex role of diasporas in the public diplomacy equation. To illustrate a public-centred and public-based public diplomacy initiative from a non-Western perspective, the article focuses on a Turkish diaspora organization’s attempts to control communication in the aftermath of the 2016 failed coup attempt in Turkey. The analysis reveals how partner publics became adversarial diaspora and transformed into a non-state actor challenging the Turkish state’s legitimacy in the international arena. This case study sheds light on the dynamic transformations of non-Western publics from domestic partners into adversarial diasporas and it questions the dominant Western conceptions of static state-centred, state-initiated public diplomacy.
Genetic diversity hotspots and refugia identified by mapping multi-plant species haplotype diversity in China
Authors: Deng Tao , Abbott Richard J. , Li Wenqing , Sun Hang , Volis Sergei
Published: July 2019

Historical processes during the Quaternary are likely to have left a signature on the geographical distribution of intraspecific genetic variation. In particular, high genetic uniqueness could be expected within glacial refugia for multiple species. We aimed to test this for plants in China and whether multi-species hotspots of genetic diversity are good indicators of glacial refugia in this region. From chloroplast DNA haplotype data for 116 species we calculated two local genetic diversity metrics for each species: haplotype genetic richness and genetic uniqueness. From these two, only uniqueness could reliably identify refugia, whereas richness may indicate either glacial refugia or areas recolonized by genetic lineages from different refugia in the postglacial period. Our results suggest the occurrence of numerous cryptic refugia and their likely importance in the maintenance and evolution of the Chinese flora, and indicate that an approach that locates geographic hotspots of genetic diversity data can reliably identify refugia.
Trichoptera larvae and gregarines: Host-parasite relationships
Authors: CORALLINI CARLA , BICCHIERAI MARIA CLARA
Published: July 2019

The presence of eugregarines (Apicomplexa, Conoidasida, Eugregarinorida) in the larval midgut of several Trichoptera families found in Italy has been well established. Literature and our data indicate that gregarine infestation is influenced by the trichopteran diet and, except for a few cases, there is not a species-specific relationship. In this paper an updated list of Italian Trichoptera species hosting gregarines as well as data on the biology, morphology and ultrastructure of the corresponding parasites are presented. The host-parasite interaction was also investigated showing the involvement of the host diet in the onset of parasitosis and the influence of the host habitat on the degree of infestation.Gregarine infestation was massive in species inhabiting springs, particularly noticeable in close environments like troughs (“trocchi”) which are man-modified springs for drinking water for cattle. Larvae of Drusus improvisus found in the Tiber river springs were heavily infested and the parasite density at every season and the degree of infestation at each larval stage are reported.
Parasitic infestation in a female of Micropterna nycterobia McLachlan 1875 (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae) found in Monte Cucco cave ( central Italy)

Authors: CORALLINI CARLA , MARCHETTI ORIELLA
Published: July 2019

In this study, parasitosis due to Ophryoglena sp. (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) in a Micropterna nycterobia (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae) female is described. The trichopteran was found on 31 October 2002 in a cave, named "Grotta di Monte Cucco," in Central Italy. The specimen, observed in vivo under the stereomicroscope, showed that its abdomen was packed with the ciliate. This parasite had fed on gonads, muscles and fat body of the host, thus confirming the role of Ophryoglena as a parasitic spayer. Different stages of development of the parasite were also detected. The interaction of the parasite with host tissues was investigated by means of light and electron microscopy.
Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Trichoptera
Authors: VSHIVKOVA TATYANA S. , MORSE JOHN C.
Published: July 2019

Zoosymposia 10 Table of Contents
The caddisfly faunas (Insecta, Trichoptera) of Protected Natural Areas in southern Far East Russia

Authors: POTIKHA ELENA , VSHIVKOVA TATYANA
Published: July 2019

The caddisfly fauna of 10 Protected Natural Areas (PNAs) in the southern part of the Russian Far East (9 on the continental part of Primorye Territory, and 1 on Kunashir Island, South Kuriles) were investigated and analyzed based on our own and literature data. The total caddisfly species list of studied PNAs includes 310 species of 90 genera, belonging to 26 families. The Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve is habitat for 97 species, Udege Legend − 56, Khankaysky − 119, Ussuriisky − 93, Lazovsky − 68, Tiger Call − 42, Kedrovaya Pad − 93, Leopard Land − 80, Far Eastern Marine − 59, and Kurilsky − 87. One hundred fifty-two species are added to lists of caddisflies in studied PNAs including, 5 in Sikhote-Alin, 40 in Udege Legend, 15 in Khankaysky, 11 in Ussuriisky, 8 in Lazovsky, 18 in Tiger Call, 2 in Kedrovaya Pad, 27 in Leopard Land, and 17 in Far Eastern Marine. Among 28 endemic and rare species, some are recommended for inclusion in the Russian Red Lists. A comparison of Trichoptera faunas showed the highest similarity between mountain, forested, well-investigated PNAs: Sikhote-Alin, Kedrovaya Pad, and Ussuriisky. The most distinctive caddisfly fauna is in the insular, southeasternmost Kurile Nature Reserve (63.2% specificity relative to other studied PNAs), and in the unforested lowland Khankaysky Nature Reserve (34.7% specificity). Comparisons of the species lists of closely located areas without accounting for longitudinal distribution of organisms and landscape peculiarities largely helps to identify faunal-landscape complexes, rather than biogeographic differences among faunas. All caddisfly species discovered in the PNAs are considered inhabitants of clean waters and their Tolerance Values are estimated from 0 to 4 (on a scale of 0 to 10) as a starting point.