bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Study of the Effect of DBD Plasma and Osmolytes on T98G Brain Cancer and HEK Non-Malignant Cells
Authors: Kaushik Nagendra , Attri Pankaj , Kaushik Neha , Choi Eun
Published: April 2013

Non-thermal plasmas are emerging as a novel tool for the treatment of living tissues for biological and medical purpose. In this study, we described the effect of 4 min dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma on both T98G cancer and HEK normal cell lines in the presence of different concentrations of osmolytes. This treatment strategy shows a specific inhibitory effect of a 240 s plasma exposure in the presence of osmolytes against T98G brain cancer cells only, but not on HEK normal cells. Based on these interesting properties of osmolytes, a non-thermal plasma appears to be a potential anticancer treatment strategy for different kinds of cancers in the presence of osmolytes.
A Compact and Low Cost Electronic Nose for Aroma Detection
Authors: Macías Miguel , Agudo J. , Manso Antonio , Orellana Carlos , Velasco Horacio , Caballero Ramón
Published: April 2013

This article explains the development of a prototype of a portable and a very low-cost electronic nose based on an mbed microcontroller. Mbeds are a series of ARM microcontroller development boards designed for fast, flexible and rapid prototyping. The electronic nose is comprised of an mbed, an LCD display, two small pumps, two electro-valves and a sensor chamber with four TGS Figaro gas sensors. The performance of the electronic nose has been tested by measuring the ethanol content of wine synthetic matrices and special attention has been paid to the reproducibility and repeatability of the measurements taken on different days. Results show that the electronic nose with a neural network classifier is able to discriminate wine samples with 10, 12 and 14% V/V alcohol content with a classification error of less than 1%.
Le lissage des résultats. Éléments explicatifs avancés dans la littérature
Authors: Chalayer Sylvie
Published: April 2013

Différentes hypothèses sur les causes qui conduisent les dirigeants à des pratiques de lissage des résultats ont été proposées. Généralement, les chercheurs s’accordent pour dire que le lissage des résultats améliore la richesse des actionnaires puisqu’il atténue l’incertitude des cash-flows futurs. Pourtant, dans un contexte d’efficience, il est postulé que les investisseurs corrigent le résultat des manipulations comptables dont il a pu faire l’objet. Sous cette hypothèse, le lissage comptable des résultats apparaît comme un comportement peu rationnel. Cependant, la théorie des signaux et la théorie de l’agence avancent quelques explications au comportement de lissage des résultats qui ne sont pas en contradiction avec la rationalité des investisseurs.
Sauvegarde de l'intérêt général et fixation des prix de cessions internes
Authors: Le Maître Didier
Published: April 2013

On considère habituellement que les interventions de la direction d’une entreprise ont pour unique objet la satisfaction des intérêts de cette entité. La transposition des théories économiques de la réglementation et du Public Choice pour l’étude de ces interventions incite à s’interroger sur leur rôle, sur leur équité et sur leur légitimité. La pertinence de ces interrogations conduit l’auteur à présenter les implications et les risques d’une attribution de la sauvegarde de l’intérêt d’une firme à sa direction. Elle ne l’empêche pas toutefois d’affirmer la supériorité des interventions hiérarchiques et de justifier l’intervention de la direction dans le domaine de la fixation des prix de cessions.
Comptabilité et révolution industrielle : une comparaison Grande-Bretagne/France
Authors: Boyns Trevor , Edwards John Richard , Nikitin Marc
Published: April 2013

En Grande-Bretagne, malgré quelques travaux pionniers au xvii e siècle, la littérature comptable avait fait bien peu de cas du calcul des coûts avant 1870. Le contraste était très net avec les avancées doctrinales réalisées en France dès les années 1820. Cette situation peut paraître surprenante car la Grande-Bretagne, que l’on reconnaît généralement comme la première nation industrielle de l’époque, aurait naturellement dû montrer la voie en matière de doctrine comptable. Cet article propose quelques pistes de réflexion pour rendre compte de ce paradoxe.
Qualité de l'information consolidée. Modélisation comptable des groupes et conséquences du principe d'entité
Authors: Pourtier Frédéric
Published: April 2013

La consolidation est un sujet encore peu étudié et la qualité des comptes de groupe reste un champ d’exploration important. Ce travail montre que, dans la procédure même de modélisation comptable des groupes, existent des facteurs de distorsion des valeurs comptables, d’accroissement de la flexibilité et d’appauvrissement de cette information. Ces travers sont liés au placage du concept d’entité et à ses conséquences opératoires : délimitation d’un périmètre, endogénéisation puis élimination de flux réputés « internes », agrégation des items comptables. Certains de ces constats donnent un relief particulier aux pratiques consolidées dans un contexte de théorie positive.
L'attitude des investisseurs boursiers face au bilan environnemental de l'entreprise : une étude canadienne
Authors: Cormier Denis , Magnan Michel
Published: April 2013

Le bilan environnemental d’une entreprise est «devenu un point de mire pour les banquiers, les investisseurs boursiers ou autres bailleurs de fonds. Cette situation nous a amené" à émettre deux hypothèses. En premier lieu, la valeur boursière d’une firme serait. affectée par son niveau de pollution, d’où l’existence d’une dette environnementale latente (Hl). En second lieu, les titres boursiers des firmes dont le bilan environnemental est satisfaisant devraient se traiter à prime par rapport aux firmes plus polluantes en raison de l’existence d’investisseurs « éthiques » (H2). Ces deux hypothèses ont été testées sur un échantillon composé de firmes de trois secteurs d’activités : pâtes et papiers ; produits chimiques et raffineries ; aciers, métaux et mines.
Une relecture du problème de l'imputation des coûts joints et des coûts communs
Authors: Thenet Gervais
Published: April 2013

L’analyse des coûts opératoires bancaires peut se concevoir selon le paradigme coûts communs-coûts joints. Après une synthèse des outils d’analyse théoriques disponibles sur le sujet, nous réengageons le débat en faveur d’autres axes méthodologiques permettant de cerner plus précisément le faisceau de critères conditionnant le processus de consommation de ressources.
Les activités marchandes de spectacle vivant en 2010
Authors: Deroin Valérie
Published: April 2013

En 2010, les entreprises marchandes qui exercent leurs activités dans les secteurs des arts du spectacle vivant, dans le soutien au spectacle vivant et dans la gestion des salles de spectacles réalisent un chiffre d’affaires de 4,4 milliards d’euros et dégagent une valeur ajoutée de près de 1,5 milliard d’euros. L’intégration nouvelle de ces secteurs du spectacle vivant dans le dispositif des statistiques structurelles d’entreprises de l’Insee permet de les situer dans l’économie marchande française : ainsi les entreprises du spectacle vivant, hors unités majoritairement subventionnées qui sont non marchandes et associations non-employeuses, contribuent à 11 % du nombre des unités des secteurs culturels marchands, à 5 % de leur valeur ajoutée et à 3 % de leur excédent brut d’exploitation. La rentabilité comptable des secteurs du spectacle vivant est positive en 2010, alors que leurs charges d’exploitation sont élevées et leur taux de marge relativement inférieur à la moyenne des secteurs culturels marchands. Les secteurs du spectacle vivant marchand sont composés d’un tissu important de petites entreprises principalement installées en Île-de-France : 96 % des entreprises de moins de 10 salariés réalisent 56 % du chiffre d’affaires total par l’exercice de leur activité principale de création, production, diffusion et soutien au spectacle vivant.
« L'amitié se fait entre des personnes, pas entre des nations »
Authors: Weigand Gabriele
Published: April 2013

L’idée du texte a vu le jour dans le cadre d‘une étude menée entre 2008 et 2013 avec le soutien de l‘Office Franco-Allemand pour la Jeunesse (OFAJ) sur le thème des « Moments interculturels dans les biographies ». Ce travail repose sur des entretiens narratifs menés avec des personnes issues du contexte franco-allemand. Le texte n’a pas l’ambition de présenter une analyse scientifique des relations d’amitié interculturelles, il se veut plutôt une étude exploratoire faisant apparaître, à travers quelques exemples individuels, l’importance de la culture de la rencontre franco-allemande et le profit qu’une recherche approfondie sur l’amitié dans ce domaine pourrait apporter. Les entretiens mettent en lumière le fait que les émotions positives sont capables d‘ouvrir un espace transculturel, qui vide peu à peu de leur signification les frontières issues des logiques nationales. Il s’avère que la Politique avec un grand « P », au niveau macroscopique des sociétés, peut contribuer et créer le cadre institutionnel adéquat pour les rencontres, mais qu’elle ne remplace pas la construction de relations basées sur la confiance qui ne peuvent naître qu’à travers des liens émotionnels des relations personnelles et les rencontres quotidiennes.
Les expériences migratoires des nouveaux États membres de l'Union européenne
Authors: Ponomareva Olena
Published: April 2013

Il est symptomatique de constater que les processus de transition dans plusieurs pays post-totalitaires de l’Europe centrale et orientale ont été accompagnés par un vaste phénomène de migration économique dirigée le plus souvent vers les pays de l’Europe occidentale. Quel a été l’impact de l’adhésion à l’Union européenne sur les processus migratoires dans les pays néocommunautaires ? Comment les nouveaux citoyens européens perçoivent-ils la libéralisation du marché du travail à l’intérieur de l’UE ? Un cas révélateur est la migration polonaise et roumaine en Italie, ces deux communautés représentant près de 80 % de la population immigrante. Une analyse comparative met en évidence des dynamiques sociales bien distinctes dans ces deux pays et montre de quelle façon et dans quelle mesure elles déterminent les processus de transformation dans les sociétés des nouveaux membres de l’Union et, par conséquent, la création d’une « Europe sociale », un volet important de la construction européenne.
La perception de la pauvreté dans un monde globalisé
Authors: Bedock Camille , Duru-Bellat Marie , Tenret Élise
Published: April 2013

En s’appuyant sur les données de la dernière enquête du World Value Survey , le texte explore ce que les individus d’une cinquantaine de pays considèrent comme les problèmes les plus importants du monde. On se focalise sur le fait de citer en premier lieu la pauvreté, qui constitue une dimension importante des inégalités. Des différences entre pays apparaissent : plus le pays est riche, moins la pauvreté est considérée comme un problème mondial. On peut chercher à expliquer ces différences selon deux pistes : soit elles renvoient à des contextes culturels et historiques différents, soit elles découlent de degrés inégaux de développement économique et social, l’ensemble des pays tendant alors vers un modèle unique. Au niveau des pays, on enregistre des différences selon les grandes aires géographiques, largement imputables au degré inégal de développement. Au niveau individuel, deux principaux constats sont établis. Tout d’abord, la priorité donnée à la pauvreté comme problème mondial est très liée à la sensibilité dont on fait preuve par rapport à ce problème dans son propre pays. Par ailleurs, la position sociale relative de la personne exerce également une influence : plus une personne est favorisée, moins l’importance donnée au problème de la pauvreté est grande. Les attitudes politiques (opinion sur la redistribution, orientation idéologique sur l’échelle gauche/droite) exercent aussi une influence, un positionnement à gauche et favorable à la redistribution étant associé à une plus grande sensibilité face à la pauvreté. Enfin, des modèles multiniveaux confirment le poids des variables individuelles et le peu d’impact des contextes nationaux spécifiques.
Faut-il des règles de politique budgétaire ?
Authors: Mathieu Catherine , Sterdyniak Henri
Published: April 2013

En raison de la crise des dettes publiques, les projets visant à instaurer des règles budgétaires sont revenus au premier plan. Cette étude analyse leurs justifications et les spécifications proposées, dans un cadre néo-classique, puis dans un cadre keynésien. Il n’y a aucune preuve qu’au cours de la dernière période, les déficits publics aient été la conséquence de l’indiscipline budgétaire et aient induit des taux d’intérêt trop élevés. Aucune des règles budgétaires proposées n’est économiquement satisfaisante, c’est-à-dire capable d’indiquer la politique optimale face à tous les chocs. L’étude propose une analyse des expériences de règles budgétaires nationales (comme la règle d’or au Royaume-Uni) ou européennes (comme le Pacte de stabilité et de croissance) ; elle montre qu’elles n’ont pas fonctionné avant et pendant la crise. La dernière section discute du projet européen, le « Pacte budgétaire », qui risque de paralyser les politiques budgétaires et d’empêcher la stabilisation économique. L’urgence aujourd’hui n’est pas d’augmenter la discipline des finances publiques mais de remettre en question les évolutions économiques qui rendent les déficits publics nécessaires.
The Work of Spousal Caregiving of Older Adults with End-Stage Heart Failure
Authors: Kitko Lisa A. , Hupcey Judith E.
Published: April 2013

Heart failure requires complex home management, which is typically performed by a spouse. Yet little is known about the actual “work” of caregiving in individuals with heart failure. The purpose of this study was to describe the types of work manifested in long-term spousal caregiving for older adults across the progression of heart failure. Secondary qualitative analysis was performed of the in-depth serial interview data of 20 spousal caregivers of individuals with heart failure age 62 and older, collected monthly over 12 to 14 months. The work of spousal caregiving impacted all aspects of the lives of spouses and was constant over time and across the course of heart failure. The work of caregiving was always present, even during times of medical stability, but the type of work and intensity varied throughout the course of the illness. Caregivers should be assessed for unmet needs throughout the course of heart failure, not just during the individuals’ exacerbations or hospitalizations. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 39
(7), 40–47.]
Late-Recognized Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Walton David S. , Nagao Karina , Yeung Helen H. , Kane Steven A.
Published: April 2013

Purpose:

To describe a cohort of children with late-recognized primary congenital glaucoma (LRPCG), including age of presentation, age-related diagnostic signs, clinical abnormalities, and results of glaucoma surgery.

Methods:

The medical records of 31 patients (49 eyes) with PCG recognized after 1 year of age were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were confirmed to have PCG based on their increased intraocular pressure (IOP), anterior segment abnormalities including findings on gonioscopy, and the absence of other causes of childhood glaucoma. The outcome of glaucoma surgery was reviewed and success measured by assessment of the relative control of IOP, occurrence of significant complications, and need for additional glaucoma surgery.

Results:

Average age at diagnosis of glaucoma was 4.7 years (36% diagnosed at > 4 years of age). The most common initial diagnostic signs were corneal enlargement (46%, average age of 2.0 years), photophobia (20%, average age of 3.3 years), and suspected poor visual acuity (32%, average age of 9.9 years). Corneal cloudiness was not an initial sign for any patient. Haab’s striae were present in 60% of the affected 49 eyes. Gonioscopy findings were abnormal in 82%, but the ciliary body band was seen in 81% and the scleral spur was visible in 47%. Sixty-one goniotomy procedures were performed for 39 eyes with overall success in 95% (37 eyes) and complete success in 65% (27 eyes). The final visual acuity was 20/200 or worse in 31% (15 eyes) and 20/40 or better in 60% (29 eyes).

Conclusions:

An awareness of and familiarity with the subtle diagnostic signs of LRPCG can enable its differentiation from primary juvenile glaucoma and contribute to earlier recognition and treatment. Glaucoma surgery is often required for LRPCG and goniosurgery is the recommended initial procedure.

[J Pediatric Ophthalmol Strabismus 2013;50(4): 234–238.]
Teaching Case for Addressing Risks with Strategies in an International Airport Project
Authors: Paulose Daly
Published: April 2013

This is a case applying risk management, project management, and business strategy theories. The center piece is a successful build-own-operate (BOO) international airport mega-project completed in south-west India. This case study was applied for teaching a university senior-level course in business strategy. The paper explains the risk management framework, expected monetary value (EMV) calculation, and how the theoretical models can be applied to the BOO project. It then presents worked-out solutions to selected EMV problems.
Decision Support Model for Fire Insurance Risk Analysis in a Petrochemical Case Study
Authors: Nejad Hadis Z. , Samizadeh Reza
Published: April 2013

A decision support system was researched and applied to a case study in the petrochemical industry. The participants were an insurance company underwriting the policies of oil and gas refineries located in a major oil producing nation. The Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis methodology was applied as a framework to implement uncertainty quantification and risk analysis using a specialized commercial DSS software product. A gas vapor explosion was simulated at an oil refinery, to predict the fire and radiation damage. Costs and risks were entered into the model based on historical data. Loss estimates were generated for equipment and buildings located various distances (pressures) from the explosion origin. Overall, the DSS model predicted an expected loss of over $14,000,000 USD for equipment located in the 50 meter explosion radius, which represented a loss ratio of almost 52%. The losses predicted from the DSS model were comparable to the literature and to experiences of the case study company. The margin of error from the DSS model was less than ±5% which made it very reliable according to benchmarks.
Planning for Hurricane Isaac using Probability Theory in a Linear Programming Model
Authors: Strang Kenneth David
Published: April 2013

The author demonstrated how linear programming (LP) models with embedded probability theory were applied for disaster planning to mitigate the damages of hurricane Isaac. The purpose of the article was to raise awareness of software-based disaster planning methods, and to demonstrate how uncertainty can be quantified as risk estimates to substitute for and then added as constraints in LP models. Several LP approaches and alternatives were reviewed from the literature. Three LP problem-solving techniques were demonstrated: graphing, algebraic systems of linear equations, and using spreadsheet software. Two disaster planning LP models were solved based on the Federal Emergency Management Agency case study of hurricane Isaac in 2012. The case study focused on allocating emergency supplies to strategic Point of Distribution locations. A unique feature of the article was showing how uncertainty could be quantified as risk by calculating the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation for airboat trips based on historical data from hurricane Katrina. Several insights of LP model formulation were given to assist others.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films by Sol-Gel Dip Coating Method
Authors: Gokilamani Narayanaswamy , Muthukumarasamy N. , Thambidurai Mariyappan
Published: April 2013

Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films have been prepared by dip coating method. The TiO2 thin films have been coated on glass substrate and annealed at 400, 450 and 500° C respectively. The X- ray diffraction pattern shows that TiO2 nanocrystalline thin films are of anatase structure and the grain size is found to be in the range of 20-35 nm. The annealed films have been observed to be nanocrystalline in nature and the crystallinity has been observed to improve on annealing. The surface topography of the films has been studied using atomic force microscope. The optical properties have been studied using transmittance spectra. The band gap has been found to lie in the range of 3.70 to 3.83 eV depending on the annealing temperature.
Influence of Growth and Annealing Temperatures on the Properties of ZnO Nanorods Synthesized by Dip Coating Method
Authors: Gowthaman Periyasamy , Saroja Manickam , Venkatachalam Muthusamy , Deenathayalan Jagadeesh , Muthukumarasamy N. , Senthil T.S.
Published: April 2013

A novel and simple approach is reported to fabricate ZnO nanorods. Zinc acetate dihydrate, ethanol and de-ionized water were used to prepare seed layer. Zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine solution were used for growth of ZnO nanorods. The ZnO nanorods were grown at two different temperatures of 90°C and 120°C and annealed at three different temperatures of 300°C, 400°C and 500°C in air atmosphere. Nanorod growth temperature and annealing temperature are varied and the corresponding changes in structural, morphological and optical properties were reported. The structure, orientation, surface morphology and optical properties of the ZnO nanorods were investigated by XRD, SEM & UV studies. The influence of growth and annealing temperatures on structural and optical properties were reported.
Nanorods of Cobalt Oxide: Study on its Morphology with Varied Sonication Time
Authors: Alex John Thangapaul A. , Sherly Arpuda Kiruba V. , Nivea R. , Viji T. , Thiyagarajan K. , Dhayal Raj Alphonse , Vasanth Kumar S.
Published: April 2013

Nanomaterials research has become a major attraction in the field of advanced materials research in the area of Physics, Chemistry, and Materials Science. Biocompatible and chemically stable magnetic metal oxide nanoparticles have biomedical applications that includes drug delivery, cell and DNA separation, gene cloning, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This research is aimed at the fabrication of magnetic cobalt oxide nanoparticles using a safe, cost effective, and easy to handle technique that is capable of producing nanoparticles free of any contamination. Nanostructured Cobalt oxide powder was prepared by sonication method using ultrasonicator. Effect of sonication for different time intervals, on the morphology of cobalt oxide nanostructures was extensively studied. The morphology of the nanorods were very much affected by the sonication time, it was found that with an increase in sonication time, the length of the nanorods seem to considerably increase at the same time an agglomeration effect comes in to action and the rods form bundle like structures. These cobalt oxide nanorods were characterized using X-ray Diffraction characterization (XRD) and it revealed a cubic structure. Weight percentage of cobalt oxide was confirmed by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA).
Synthesis of Biodiesel from Neem Oil Using Mg-Al Nano Hydrotalcite
Authors: Manivannan R. , Karthikeyan C.
Published: April 2013

Abstract Methyl ester of fatty acids, derived from vegetable oils or animal fats are known as biodiesel. The most common method of biodiesel production is transesterification (alcoholysis) of oil (triglycerides) with methanol in the presence of a catalyst which gives biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters, FAME) and glycerol (by product). In this work, an environmentally benign process for the methanolysis of neem oil to methyl esters using Mg–Al nano hydrotalcites as solid base catalysts in a heterogeneous manner was developed. The effect of the reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst amount, and methanol /oil molar ratio on the Mg-Al nano hydrotalcite was analyzed. The nano catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM). Biodiesel produced from the neem oil by using Mg-Al nano hydrotalcite catalyst was analyzed by gas chromatography.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Capacitive Behaviour of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Copper Oxide Nanocomposites
Authors: Lakshmi Augustine , Emi Princess Prasanna Athisayaraj , Vedhi Chinnapiyan
Published: April 2013

Nano particles of Copper oxide and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Copper oxide nanocomposite were prepared by chemical oxidation method. The formed metal oxide nanoparticle and polymer metal oxide nanocomposites were characterized by UV–VIS, XRD, SEM and EIS studies. The UV-VIS studies of nanoparticles and nanocomposites exhibited four peaks, two peaks are sharp and centered at 280nm and 360 nm while the other two were broaden waves obtained at 780nm and 985nm. SEM image of copper oxide nanoparticles and nanocomposite exhibits sponge-like morphologies, in addition to nanospheres, nanowires, and nanotube shapes. The grain size of the metal oxide nanoparticle and polymer metaloxide nanocomposites was calculated using Scherrer’s formula. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies revealed the high conductivity nature due to the increased surface area of the nanocomposites.
Synthesis and Antibacterial Studies of Nano Structured Ag Thin Films
Authors: Revathi Chinnasamy , Rajavel Krishnamoorthy , Ranjith Kugalur Shanmugam , Rajendrakumar Ramasamy Thangavelu
Published: April 2013

Silver thin film of 5 nm thicknesses was evaporated on glass and stainless steel substrates and annealed at 300°C for one hour. Then these samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction method (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-VIS spectroscopy, and subjected to anti-microbial resistance test. XRD analysis showed as deposited silver thin film coated on glass substrate and stainless steel substrates have amorphous nature. The annealed Ag thin film coated on glass and stainless steel substrates showed crystallinity with silver phase and their crystalline size were in the range of 30-40 nm and 17 nm respectively. SEM image indicates that formation of silver nanoparticles with spherical morphology after annealing on the glass substrate. But there is no nanoparticles formation was observed on annealed steel substrates. The anti microbial resistance test was done against E.Coli and that microbial growth was observed after 24 and 48 hrs. The results displayed a microbial resistance after 24 hrs for annealed Ag thin film coated on glass substrate due the formation of silver nanoparticles.
Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles by Wet Chemical Method and its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Suresh Joghee , Raja Gopal Rajiv Gandhi  , Selvam Samayanan , Sundrarajan Mahalingam
Published: April 2013

Wet chemical method was applied to prepare magnesium oxide nanoparticles using magnesium nitrate and sodium hydroxide as precursors in presence of starch as stabilizing agent. The XRD analysis of MgO nanoparticles showed the average particles size of crystallite as 12nm. SEM images also proved the crystalline nature of MgO nanoparticles. Antibacterial studies were done on gram positive (S. aureus) and gram negative (E.coli) bacteria using the above prepared nanoparticles by agar diffusion method. The zone of inhibition was found to more in S.aureus compared to E.coli. Since this method of preparation produced better yield in simple and cost effective way, it can be applied for large scale preparation of magnesium oxide nanoparticles.
Co-Ag Nanomaterial – Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Kalavathy Santhi  , Revathy T.A. , Narayanan V. , Stephen Arumainathan
Published: April 2013

Alloy nanostructures formed by magnetic and nonmagnetic components play a significant role in sensor applications due to their unique magnetic properties. In this study cobalt-silver nanomaterial has been synthesized by chemical reduction using sodium borohydride, though Co and Ag are immiscible according to their phase diagram. The materials prepared with different precursor compositions have been analysed to determine the structure and the magnetic properties. It is observed that the alloy samples show room temperature ferromagnetism. The surface morphology of the as prepared samples was studied from the SEM micrographs. This is a simple but an effective method to prepare magnetic Co-Ag nanomaterials in bulk quantities at room temperature.
Development of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Based Electrochemical Sensor for Reactive Azo Dyes
Authors: Valarmathi Munirathinam , Gomathi Anandhan , Manisankar Paramasivam
Published: April 2013

Two reactive azo dyes Reactive yellow 84 (RY84) and Reactive Red 120 (RR120) were investigated voltammetrically using plain glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and multiwalled carbon nanotube modified GCE (MWCNT/GCE). Influence of pH, scan rate and concentration on voltammograms were studied. The irreversible oxidation process observed for both dyes was adsorption controlled. The surface characterization of the modified electrode in the absence and presence of dyes was done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A systematic study of the experimental parameters that affects differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) was carried out and the optimized experimental conditions were arrived. Under optimized conditions, stripping voltammetry procedure was developed for the determination of reactive dyes. MWCNT/GCE seems to present better responses than plain GCE and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.6 μg mL-1 for RY84 and 0.3μg mL-1 for RR120 on this modified system. Suitability of the differential pulse stripping voltammetric method using the developed Multiwalled carbon nanotube based sensor, for the trace determination of these textile dyes in real samples was also realized.
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe and Fe2O3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Peula Kumari Ponnaian , Rachel Oommen  , Senthil Kumaran Chinna Kannaiyan , Thambidurai Mariyappan , Muthukumarasamy Natarajan , Agilan Santhanam
Published: April 2013

Fe and Fe2 O3 nanoparticle have been synthesized by chemical precipitation method. The x-ray diffraction studies indicate the formation of Fe and Fe2 O3 nanoparticles with cubic phase and no secondary phase was observed. Surface morphology of Fe and Fe2 O3 has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal that Fe and Fe2 O3 nanoparticle have size ranging from 25-41 nm.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano CuO-ZrO2 Mixed Oxide
Authors: Muthuchudarkodi R.R. , Vedhi Chinnapiyan
Published: April 2013

Nano CuO-ZrO2 mixed oxides were prepared by wet chemical method by mixing equimolar solutions (0.45M) of cupric chloride (1.92g) and Zirconium oxychloride (3.63g) in aqueous Sodium hydroxide and refluxed at elevated temperature. The prepared nano CuOZrO2 mixed oxides were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, EDAX, XRD, DSC and CV studies. From XRD studies the size of the nano CuO and ZrO2 are found to be 25 and 9.5nm respectively through Debye-Scherrer's formula. The sizes of the CuO-ZrO2 mixed oxide particles have also been characterized and the average grain size of the particles is found to be 24nm in diameter. The nano particle composition and morphology of CuO, ZrO2 and mixed oxide have been analysed by EDAX set up attached with scanning electron microscope (SEM). EDAX analysis indicates the presence of Cu, Zr and O. SEM morphological studies of CuO, ZrO2 and mixed CuO-ZrO2 revealed the particle distribution with uniform granular structure. Cyclic Voltammetric studies exhibit good adherent behaviour on electrode surface and good electroactivity at pH 1.0. Nano CuO, ZrO2 and mixed CuO-ZrO2 under goes oxidation at 0.224V, 0.092V -0.072V and0.198V respectively. DSC thermogram of CuO, ZrO2 and mixed CuO-ZrO2 are recorded at the heating rate of 10o/ min. The glass transition temperature (Tg), the crystallization temperature (Tc) and melting point (TM) of the mixed oxide are determined from the DSC curve. The Tg value of CuOZrO2 mixed oxide is -50o C the Tc value is 20o C and melts at a temperature of 116o C.
Characterization of TiO2 Thin Films Deposited by SILAR Method
Authors: Rachel Oommen  , Usha Rajalakshmi P. , Saranya R. , Saranya S. , Sudha A.
Published: April 2013

SILAR method is adopted for the deposition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films. Titanium trichloride and ammonium hydroxide are used as the cationic and anionic precursors respectively. Deposition parameters such as growth rate, individual dipping and rinsing times and precursor concentration are optimized to obtain uniform, adherent films. As-deposited TiO2films are annealed at 300°C and 400° C. The crystallization behaviour of TiO2thin films is analysed by X-ray diffraction. Optical constants of the films are evaluated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Effect of deposition parameters on the optical properties of the films is analysed.The direct and indirect band gap values of the TiO2thin films is in the range of 3.4-3.8 eV and 2.1-3.8 eV respectively.
Effect of Temperature on the Morphology and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Forced Condensation Method
Authors: Suresh Kumar P. , Dhayal Raj A. , Suresh R. , Mangalaraj D.
Published: April 2013

Intensive and innovative research is focused on the preparation of various nanostructured materials especially nanostructured metal oxides as applicable to number of applications.The present work mainly emphasis a single step synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles by employing surfactant free forced condensation method. Surface morphology of the sample was precisely controlled by varying the calcination conditions. Investigation on the structure, surface and composition of ZnO nanoparticles is of both fundamental interest and technological importance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reviled that the ZnO nanoparticles exhibits crystalline with the preferential orientation along (1 0 0) plane. SEM image shows the nanoparticles are in the range of 75 to 150 nm with spherical shape. The room temperature PL spectra of ZnO particles exhibited strong ultraviolet photoluminescence around 380 nm at room temperature.
Research of Personalized Information Recommendation Theory Model Based Web 3.0
Authors: Wu Hui Juan , Xu Bao Xiang , Tang Qing Song
Published: April 2013

In Web 3.0 times, Internet and Electronic Commerce develop rapidly, it is necessary to solve the problem which is how to recommend the personalized information to the user when the user faces numerous of information. But now, it is only studied from three aspects: collaborative filtering, content analysis, associated rules, which belong to the two sides based on the user and the goods. All of them dig the information from the individual records of history, or the user who similar to the record of history. After analyzing the content of web 3.0, this paper point out how to mining information from the perspective of semantic-formal concept analysis based on the user, and then draw the personalized information recommendation model. After analyzing the user’s information behavior, we can find the the user’s preferences, finally recommend the proper information about commodity to the user and improve the user's satisfaction.
Chalcogenide Glass Optical Waveguides for Optical Communication
Authors: Mushahid Husain , Swati Raman
Published: April 2013

The present research work is focused on fabricating the chalcogenide glass optical waveguides keeping in mind their application in optical communication. The propagation loss of the waveguides is also studied at three different wavelengths. The waveguides were fabricated by dry etching using ECR Plasma etching and the propagation loss is studied using Fabry-Perot technique. The waveguides having loss as low as 0.35 dB/cm at 1.3m is achieved. The technique used to fabricate waveguide is simple and cost effective.
Luminescence Properties of Ce3+ Doped Y3Al5O12 Phosphors Synthesized by Solution Combustion Method for White LEDs
Authors: Park K. , Kim H. , Shinde K.N. , Dhoble S.J.
Published: April 2013

We prepared Y3Al5O12:xCe3+ (0.002≤x≤0.010) phosphors by the solution combustion method, using citric acid as the combustion fuel. The crystal structure, surface morphology, and photoluminescence properties were studied, depending on Ce3+ content. The Y3Al5O12:xCe3+ powders prepared showed high-quality characteristics, i.e., smooth surface as well as regular and spherical-like morphology. The excitation and emission intensities of the Y3Al5O12:xCe3+ phosphors increased with Ce3+ content up to x=0.010. The broad emission bands peaked at 525 nm were caused by the 5d–4f transition of the Ce3+ activator. The solution combustion method could be highly favorable for preparing high-quality yellow Y3Al5O12:xCe3+ phosphors.
A Comparison of Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization and Simulated Annealing in Real-Time Task Scheduling on CMP
Authors: Chai Song , Li Yu Bai , Wu Chang , Wang Jian
Published: April 2013

Real-time task schedule problem in Chip-Multiprocessor (CMP) receives wide attention in recent years. It is partly because the increasing demand for CMP solutions call for better schedule algorithm to exploit the full potential of hardware, and partly because of the complexity of schedule problem, which itself is an NP-hard problem. To address this task schedule problem, various of heuristics have been studied, among which, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Simulated Annealing (SA) are the most popular ones. In this paper, we implement these 3 schedule heuristics, and compare their performance under the context of real-time tasks scheduling on CMP. According to the results of our intensive simulations, PSO has the best fitness optimization of these 3 algorithms, and SA is the most efficient algorithm.
A Highly Sensitive Resonance Rayleigh Scattering Method for Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Using Aptamer-Nanogold Probe as Catalyst of the Cu2O Particle Reaction
Authors: Yao Dong Mei , Wen Gui Qing , Tian Jian Niao , Jiang Zhi Liang , Liang Ai Hui
Published: April 2013

Using sodium citrate as reducing agent, different sizes of gold nanoparticles(GN) were prepared, and were modified by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) aptamer to obtain stable aptamer-nanogold probes (Apt-GN). The probe specifically combined with PDGF-AA to form Apt-GN-PDGF-AA clusters that exhibited a resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 550 nm. The RRS intensity ΔI550nmwas linear to the PDGF-AA concentration in the range of 0.33-40 ng/ml. The probe has strong catalysis of the Fehling reagent-glucose Cu2O particle reaction that can be monitored by RRS technique at 610 nm, but the cluster is very weak. When PDGF-AA concentration increased, the Apt-GN decreased, and the RRS intensity at 610 nm decreased. The decreased RRS intensity ΔI610nmwas linear to PDGF-AA concentration in the range of 0.03-26.67 ng/mL. Accordingly, two new aptamer-nanogold RRS methods were established.
Synthesis of Chitooligosaccharide-Selenium and its Antioxidant Activity In Vitro
Authors: Jin Li Ming , Zhuang Chen , Quan Chun Shan , Zhao Xiao Jing , Fan Sheng Di
Published: April 2013

The objective of this study was to synthesize a new organic selenium compound, chitooligosaccharide-selenium (COSSe), and evaluate its antioxidant abilities on hydroxyl radicals, super oxide radicals and DPPH in vitro. Sodium selenite and chitooligosaccharide (COS) were used to synthesize COSSe by chemical method. The yield was 37.26% and the content of selenium (Se) was 9.02mg/g. COSSe was characterized by ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) techniques. The results proved the successful synthesis of COSSe. The antioxidant activities on hydroxyl radicals, super oxide radicals and DPPH of COSSe were investigated. The results showed that antioxidant activities were concentration related in the setting concentration range and the antioxidant effects of COSSe were totally better than that of COS. The scavenging rates on hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals and DPPH of 2.5mg/mL COSSe were 71.19%, 64.54% and 69.78%, respectively. This research provides a possible application of COSSe as a low toxic and effective organic Se-enriched healthy product.
The Fuzzy Reliability Analysis for the Super Wide Box Girder of New Jiujiang Changjiang River Bridge
Authors: Rong Yao , Huang Hong Yuan , Ouyang Xiao Qin
Published: April 2013

The crack control of the concrete super wide box girder for New Jiujiang Changjiang River Bridge is effected by various uncertain factors such as loads, concrete strength and the release of hydration heat etc. Because of the fuzziness for the crack control of the super wide box girder, it is difficult to accurately calculate the crack width to meet with the requirement of the limiting crack design for the structure. Based on the maximal permit crack formula issued in “Concrete Design Specifications”, the fuzziness analysis is made to the crack control reliability, the index of fuzzy reliable degrees of the girder maximal permit crack width is calculated by Monte Carlo method, and the sensitivity analysis to uncertain parameters is given to provide reference of the design for River-Crossing Bridge.
Seismic Response Analysis for Shallow Tunnel in Different Earthquake Intensity
Authors: Lin Li , Chuan He , Jing Zhang , Ping Geng
Published: April 2013

Base on the large-shaking table model test，studies on the seismic response characters of shallow tunnel in different earthquake intensity are made by mainly using numerical simulation. The results indicate that there is a good agreement between the model test and numerical simulation. the different earthquake intensity has great effects on the seismic response characters, The distribution of the lining cross-section’s internal force is oval-shaped and the value which in conjugate 45° direction is greater than crown and bottom of arch. Moreover, the internal forces vary from earthquake intensity in the same direction. It is great to recognize the seismic response characters of shallow tunnels through the study results and it provides reference for the similar projects.
Analysis of Wave Loads on Pile-Group Foundation
Authors: Liu Yi Min
Published: April 2013

The grouping pile foundation is widely used in the construction of bridge over sea and its scale of construction is generally dominated by the wave force on the pile groups. Because of the presence of the slab, not only the incident wave but also the diffraction wave should be considered in calculating wave loads on pile groups. The diffraction from a submerged circular cylinder representing the slab was taken as an example, and wave loads on piles in the diffraction wave field were calculated by using Morison formula. Results show that the effect of slab decreases with the increase of incident wave number. Changing laws of different piles in the pile-group foundation varied with the submerged depth. Wave loads at the meeting-wave side of slab is larger than the back side of that. And the presence of slab caused the deflexion of inline force. The grouping piles coefficient can be taken as 0.7.
A Comparative Study of Compressive Strength of High Strength Concrete by Replacement Ratio of Recycled Coarse Aggregate
Authors: Lee Yong Taeg , Kim Seung Hun , Lee Seung Ho , Baek Sang Ki , Cho Young Sang , Hong Seong Uk
Published: April 2013

As the industrial development brings the structures growth, the consumption of the natural aggregate is increasing annually. On the other hand, the amount of the potential aggregate is decreasing with the huge amount of construction waste from the concrete demolition. The annual total amount of natural aggregate consumption estimated 370million tons. And the experts are concerned about the depletion of aggregate which is presumed to be exhausted in 20 years, considering the annual consumption, which is approximately 250million(m³) in construction industry. Along with this issues, the government promotes to use recycled coarse aggregate from the construction waste in consideration of social, economic and environmental aspects. In conclusion, the purpose of this study is to promote to use of recycled coarse aggregate as a future substitute resource and to increase awareness of it as well. This study conducts the experiments by comparing high-strength concrete for the substitution of chosen two companies.
Study on the Coating of Lost Foam Casting for Steel Casting
Authors: Liu Zhi Ming , Liu Yan , Liu De Hui
Published: April 2013

The coating is one key technology of lost foam casting (LFC). This paper discussed the influences of refractory aggregate contents on strength, viscosity and other performances of LFC coating, and develops a high performance coating which can meet the requirement of LFC for steel casting. The results shown that with the content of the high bauxite increasing and the content of zircon powders decreasing, the strength, permeability and attached quantity of the coating increased. The best ratio of refractory aggregate is 70% high bauxite and 30% zircon powders. The optimal formula in the experiments is 70% high bauxite, 30% zircon powders, 3% sodium bentonite, 0.5% CMC and 5% ludox. This coating has good comprehensive performances to meet the requirements of LFC steel casting.
Temperature Field Analysis of High-Speed Gasoline Engine Cylinder Head Based on Fluid-Solid Coupling
Authors: Wang Yong Shuai , Yang Jing , Yu Xiang Jun , Li Ke
Published: April 2013

As the important part of the internal-combustion engine, cylinder head bears high thermal loads and mechanical loads. In order to analyse the merits or defects of cylinder head cooling system , built the 3-D model of cylinder head, and analysed the heat transfer processes between cylinder head and cooling water by fluid-solid coupled simulation in STAR-CCM+. The pressure nephograms and velocity vector of cooling water in the water jacket, and the whole temperature distributions of cylinder head were acquired. And analysed separately the temperature fields of fire power faces and exhaust passages which were under high heat loads .According to the analysis results , the structrue of cylinder head water jacket was evaluated and corresponding suggestions was put forward.
Study on the Silicone Coating with Heat Insulation and Resistance
Authors: Wang Zheng Shun , Zhen Zhao Hui
Published: April 2013

Experimental choose methyl-trichlorosilane, di-methyl-dichlorosilane and phenyl trichlorosilane synthetic organic silicon resin, add white mica powder, aluminum silicate, titanium pigment, zinc phosphate as packing, system high temperature insulation coating. For after high temperature resistant coating surface coating of tin model coating physical mechanical properties and high temperature resistant, heat insulation temperature difference of performance test, the results indicate that the system of high temperature resistant coating resistant to 400 ~ 500 °C high temperature, and has good high temperature resistance, heat insulation performance, etc.
A Simplified Detection Method for PN Sequence Acquisition and its Performance Analysis
Authors: Deng Zhong Liang , Yuan Xie , Zhang Yu
Published: April 2013

Some OFDM signal systems use PN (Pseudo-noise) sequence in time domain to synchronize. During the acquisition progress, the ground noise power has to be calculated, and the determination of the detection threshold is important. This paper introduced a simplified detection method for PN sequence, and analyzed the threshold to optimize the performance.
A Model Improvement of a Supercritical Unit Coordination Control System
Authors: Niu Hai Ming , Han Zhong Xu , Huang Huan Pao , Zhang Hong Min
Published: April 2013

Base on the mathematical model of a common coordinated control system in field of thermal, by analyzing characteristics of the controlled object supercritical once-through boiler coordinated control system, the article puts forward suggestions for improvement, and verifies the results of the analysis by test.