bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alexander F. Hilferding “discovers” Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Melchakova Ksenia V.
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the history of the Slavicist Alexander F. Hilferding’s presence in Bosnia and Herzegovina. From 1857 to 1858 he was the Russian consul in Sarayevo. During this time, Hilferding traveled extensively and composed the book “Bosnia, Herzegovina and Old Serbia.”
The «Chronicler of Herzegovina» Procopius Сhokorilo and Russia
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Melchakova Ksenia V.
Published: January 2022

The article is about Herzegovinian monk Procopy Chokorilo. He is the author of The Annals of Herzegovina. 1831–57 . This work was first published in Russian. In the middle of the 19th century Chokorilo made a trip to Russia. He collected donations for the construction of a Church in Mostar.
The first periodicals of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Melchakova Ksenia V.
Published: January 2022

In 1865 a printing house was opened in Sarayevo and the publication of the first newspapers began in the Bosnia Vilayet. The article deals with periodicals published in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1866 to 1878: Bosanski vjestnik, Bosna, Sarajevski cvjetnik, Neretva.
A people’s Metropolitan of Herzegovina: Ioaniky Pamuchina
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Melchakova Ksenia V.
Published: January 2022

The article is about Archimandrite of Mostar Yoaniky Pamuchina, one of the most outstanding figures in Herzegovina in the 19th century. He is known for his literary work and charitable activities. On a number of occasions he several times acted as a negotiator during the unrest in the region, and from 1860 to 1864 unofficially served as the Metropolitan of Herzegovina.
Isaiah of Serra: a Serbian writer and translator from the 14th century
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gavryushina Lidia K.
Published: January 2022

The article deals with Isaiah, the Serbian Athonite monk from the 14th century, translator of the corpus of theological works by Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite (5th century) from Greek into Slavic. In 1349, he apparently became Abbot of the Panteleimon monastery on the Mount Athos. He was close to the Serbian rulers and sometimes acted on their behalf as a diplomat. In 1375, he was able to assist the Serbian Church in reconciling it with the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Isaiah was also the author of a brief original essay The Story of the destruction of Macedonia by the Turks . It is found in the preface to the translation of Areopagitums and is the only piece of literary and historical evidence of the battle of the Serbs with the Turks on the Maritsa river in 1371.
The poet and educator, Petko R. Slaveykov
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Smolyaninova Marina G.
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to Petko Rachev Slaveykov (1827–95), the Bulgarian educator, poet, publicist, public figure and fighter for the independence of the Bulgarian church. It is possible to track the development of Bulgarian literature of his time through his creative output. He wrote lives, didactic works, published poetry collections with sentimental themes on love and landscape, and penned some fine poems. He made a major contribution to the creation of the Bulgarian fable. Besides that, he also wrote revolutionary songs which Bulgarians sang throughout the whole country during the periods of national liberation struggle against the Turks. After the liberation of Bulgaria from slavery as a result of Russo-Turkish war of 1877–78 Slaveykov devoted much of his attention to social and political work: he was the Chairman of the National Assembly (Bulgarian Parliament), the Minister of Education, the Minister of Internal Affairs.
The first Moscow free Public Library and its creator Alexander D. Chertkov
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frolova Marina M.
Published: January 2022

The article deals with the history of a unique book and manuscript collection by the famous historian, numismatist and Slaviсist, A.D. Chertkov (1789–1858). The collection later became the first free private library in Moscow. Special attention is given to the development of Chertkov’s love of books and bibliophilia, the emergence of his idea to collect all works in every language about Russia in a library. Interest in the history and culture of the Slavs was reflected not only in his academic work, but also in the composition of his collection, which included books in Slavic languages. The article reveals the contribution of Chertkov to Russian book culture.
Yury I. Venelin and his History of the ancient and modern Bulgarians
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frolova Marina M.
Published: January 2022

The article highlights the life and academic activities of Y.I. Venelin (1802–39), the founder of Russian-Bulgarian studies and his work in the Moscow Society of History and Russian Antiquities. He made the first professional trip to Bulgaria, but the materials he collected were only published after his death. Most historians (including the famous P.J. Shafarik) were very critical of Venelin’s essays “History of the Ancient and Modern Bulgarians in their Political, Folk, Historical and Religious Relation to the Russians” (1829). But for Bulgarian society during the period of its national revival, the essays had a special importance and made a huge impact. Nowadays the works of Venelin have attracted attention again, which has resulted in their republications.
The Montenegrin poet and ruler, Petar II Petrovich Negosh
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sheshken Alla G.
Published: January 2022

The article talks about the representative of the national revival of the Southern Slavs, Petar II Petrovich Negosh (1813–51), the ruler of Montenegro, poet and writer, who had a great influence on the development of the national identity of the Montenegrins. The main theme of his creativity was the struggle of the people against Ottoman Turkey. In his poems, dramas and lyrics, he outlined with great artistic persuasiveness the persistent national character of the Montenegrins and their cult of valor and heroic characteristics. Negosh’s works enriched the national literature in terms of genre and made a great contribution to the development of expressive capabilities in the native language. His works are a part of the national picture of the world, many of them have been used in citations.
Implicațiile Deciziei RIL X(10)/2005 asupra recidivei și asupra modalității de sancționare a concursului de infracțiuni în cazul grațierii antecondamnatorii
Authors: CHIȚIMIA Tudor-Andrei
Published: January 2022

This research seeks to analyse the effects produced in matters of pardon and plurality of crimes by the High Court of Cassation and Justice’s Decision X(10)/2005. Although the modality of sanctioning the concurrent crimes established by the supreme court seems fair from the convict’s point of view, the benefit resulted from the pardon is doubled in an unjustified manner. This way, the prior pardon would also remove an eventual state of recidivism, besides the forgiveness of the punishment’s execution applied by the court. As a result, it will be brought up for discussion a principle created by the criminal law’s older literature, followed by the corroboration between the arguments in favour of this principle, the other opinions of the criminal law’s literature in this matter and some national courts decisions. These will be done with the purpose to suggest a possible solution for solving this law issue which respects the effects that pardon can legally produce. Later, we will also compare this problematic with some particular hypotheses which can occur in practice. In the end, we will present another mandatory jurisprudence of the supreme court which is in contradiction with the decision from which the assumption of this article was made.
ANALISIS VIDOE LIKES TO LIKES TIKTOK PADA 5 BRAND MERK HANDPHONE
Authors: jayantara jayantara dwipa
Published: January 2022

TikTok merupakan aplikasi yang berasal dari Tiongkok, aplikasi ini menyediakan bermacam special effect yang unik dan menarik, fitur tersebut bisa digunakan oleh semua pengguna TikTok dengan sangat mudah ketika membuat video pendek, dan aplikasi ini dipergunakan secara praktis untuk mengedit membagikan video pendek dengan durasi 15 detik kepada seluruh pengguna lainnya. Di Indonesia TikTok merupakan media sosial populer, dan Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara dengan pengguna TikTok terbesar. Fenomena ini dimanfaatkan oleh pihak-pihak perusahaan untuk dijadikan peluang menyebarkan produkyang ditawarkan dengan cara membuat akun TikTok. Terdapat 5 e-commerce yang banyak dikunjungi di Indonesia yang memanfaatkan media sosial TikTok sebagai alat marketing, diantaranya: Tokopedia, Shopee Indonesia, Bukalapak, Lazada Indonesia, dan Blibli. Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kredibilitas performa akun 5 TikTok e-commerceyang banyak dikunjungi di Indonesia. Metode yang dipergunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksploratif kuantitatif. Dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa akun e-commerce Tokopedia meraih peringkat pertama serta mempunyai performa akun yang paling baik diantara kelima akun yang diteliti.
Analisa Video Share To Video Likes Ratio Tiktok Pada 5 Merek Hp Terbaik Di Dunia Tahun 2021
Authors: Siriya I Wayan
Published: January 2022

Tik Tok merupakan sebuah aplikasi di mana para penggunanya bisa berbagi video musik dengan durasi pendek. TikTok dikenalkan dan diluncurkan pertama kali pada September 2016. Pada saat itu, aplikasi ini langsung diterima di Indonesia. Namun memang, saat itu banyak yang menyebut pengguna TikTok sebagai seorang alayers. Di dunia pengguna Tiktok mencapai 732 juta pada Oktober 2020 pengguna yang aktif, Maraknya jumlah pengguna yang aktif di Tiktok dapat memberikan peluang bagi brand untuk menjadikan platform TikTok sebagai platform social media marketing. Adapun 5 Merek Hp Terbaik Di Dunia Tahun 2021 yang memanfaatkan TikTok sebagai platform marketing, yaitu : Samsung, Iphone, Xiaomi, Oppo, Huawei. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menghitung kredibilitas dari performa akun TikTok 5 Merek Hp Terbaik Di Dunia Tahun 2021. Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini yaitu metode eksploratif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa merek hp Oppo mendapatkanperingkat pertama dan memiliki kredibilitas performa akun yang baik
When I’m 47...
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: January 2022

I try to imagine whether any of my publications finished in 2022 will still be referenced in 2042(?!). That is when I’m 47...
SantriPreneur
Authors: Maulamin Taufan , Arifin Antoni Ludfi , Ismail Dingot Hamonangan , P Antaiwan Bowo , Vikaliana Resista , Syarief Abdul Ghofar
Published: January 2022

Kali ini saya mengambil tajuk "Literasi bisnis santri berbasis kemandirian finansial dan ihsan". Kenapa demikian? Karena setidaknya santri itu memiliki moral force. Dia memiliki satu sisi yang tidak dimiliki orang lain, yaitu dia mengawal ideologi dan dalam sejarahnya ideologi ini dikawal ketika ada kemandirian finansial. Kemudian yang kedua adalah sifat ihsan. Tidak hanya ''abil tapi juga ihsan. Dua hal ini yang saya lihat ada pada diri Rasulullah SAW dan sahabat, bahkan para ulama. Dia sebagai dai yang memiliki kemandirian finansial dan ihsan.
Makalah Rasio Likuiditas
Authors: Nuraeni
Published: January 2022

Rasio likuiditas merupakan rasio yang menggambarkan kemampuan perusahaan dalam memenuhi kewajiban (utang) jangka pendek. Artinya apabila ditagih, perusahaan akan mampu memenuhi utang tersebut terutama utang yang sudah jatuh tempo. Dan perhitungann rasio likuiditas memberikan cukup banyak manfaat bagi berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan terhadap perusahaan. Pihak yang paling berkepentingan yaitu pemilik perusahaan dan manajemen perusahaan. Kemudian, pihak luar perusahaan juga memiliki kepentingan seperti pihak kreditor atau penyedia dana bagi perusahaan, misalnya perbankan, atau juga pihak distributor atau supplier yang menyalurkan atau menjual barang yang pembayarannya secara angsuran kepada perusahaan. Maka dalam hal ini perhitungan rasio likuiditas tidak hanya berguna bagi perusahaan, namun juga bagi pihak luar perusahaan.
Investigation of a Control Function Determining the Location of the Zeros as a Possible Proof of the Riemann Hypothesis.
Authors: Sukenik Miroslav
Published: January 2022

The article examines the control function in relation to the distribution of Zeros on thecritical line x = 0,5. To confirm this hypothesis, it will be necessary to perform a large number ofstatistical analyzes of the distribution of non-trivial zero points of the Riemann Zeta function.
The origins of the shape bias: Evidence from the Tsimane'
Authors: Jara-Ettinger Julian , Levy Roger Philip , Sakel Jeanette , Huanca Tomas , Gibson Edward
Published: January 2022

In the US, children often generalize the meaning of new words by assuming that objects with the same shape have the same name. We propose that this shape bias is influenced by children’s exposure to objects of different categories (artifacts and natural kinds), and language to talk about them. We present a cross-cultural study between English speakers in the US and Tsimane’ speakers in the Bolivian Amazon. We found that US children and adults were more likely to generalize novel labels by shape rather than by material or color, relative to Tsimane’ participants. Critically, Tsimane’ children and adults systematically avoided generalizing labels to objects that shared no common features with the novel referent. Our results provide initial evidence that the relative exposure to objects of different kinds and language to talk about them can lead to cross-cultural differences on object name learning.
Data Extraction and Visualization from Three-dimensional Drawings Made in Immersive Virtual Environments
Authors: Savickaite Sarune , McDonnell Neil , Simmons David
Published: January 2022

One approach to characterizing human perceptual organization is to distinguish global and local processing. In visual perception, global processing enables us to extract the ‘gist’ of the visual information and local processing helps us to perceive the details. Individual differences in these two types of visual processing have been found in conditions like autism and ADHD. The Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF) test is commonly used to investigate differences between local and global processing. Whilst Virtual Reality (VR) has become more accessible, cheaper, and widely used in psychological research, no previous study has investigated local vs global perceptual differences using immersive technology. In this study, we investigated individual differences in local and global processing as a function of autistic and ADHD traits. The ROCF was presented in the virtual environment and a standard protocol for using the figure was followed. A novel method of quantitative data extraction was used, which will be described in this paper in greater detail. Whilst some performance differences were found between experimental conditions, no relationship was observed between these differences and participants’ levels of autistic and ADHD traits. Limitations of the study and implications of the novel methodology are discussed.
White (but Not Black) Americans Continue to See Racism as a Zero-Sum Game; White Conservatives (but Not Moderates or Liberals) See Themselves as Losing
Authors: Rasmussen Raea , Levari David E , Akhtar Muna , Crittle Chelsea , Gately Megan , Pagan Jeremy , Brennen Andrea , Cashman Dylan , Wulff Alia , Norton Michael I , Sommers Samuel R. , Urry Heather L.
Published: January 2022

Norton and Sommers (2011) assessed Black and White Americans’ perceptions of anti-Black and anti-White bias across the previous six decades—from the 1950s to the 2000s. They presented two key findings: White (but not Black) respondents perceived decreases in anti-Black bias to be associated with increases in anti-White bias, signaling the perception that racism is a zero-sum game; White respondents rated anti-White bias as more pronounced than anti-Black bias in the 2000s, signaling the perception that they were losing the zero-sum game. We collected new data to examine whether the key findings would be evident nearly a decade later, and whether political ideology would moderate perceptions. Liberal, moderate, and conservative White (but not Black) Americans alike believed that racism is a zero-sum game. Liberal White Americans saw racism as a zero-sum game they were winning by a lot, moderate White Americans saw it as a game they were winning by only a little, and conservative White Americans saw it as a game they were losing. This work has clear implications for public policy and behavioral science, and lays the groundwork for future research that examines to what extent racial differences in perceptions of racism by political ideology are changing over time.
COUNTERING TERRORISM IN EUROPE AND THE USA: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors:   INION RAN, Novikova Olga
Published: January 2022

Beginning with an overview of the threats of terrorism in Europe and the USA, the author offers a survey of factors that have been identified as influencing the practices of counterterrorism or law enforcement agencies. Massive counterterrorism operations in Syria and Iraq as well as effectiveness of the counterterrorism authorities curbed large-scale attacks of jihadists in both Western Europe and the United States. But with one of the Islamic State’s key goals being the formation of a new society, rather than simply military victories, the dissemination of its brand and ideology via mainstream social media becomes critical to achieving ISIS’ strategic goals. A surge in the Muslim population with subsequent high Muslim unemployment has been shown to be a predisposing factor for radicalization of the part of Muslim diasporas and its recruitment into the global jihad. The EU-members and the United States need to work more closely on disrupting jihadists’ social media, travel, recruitment and logistics, countering terrorist finance, protecting potential targets. The importance of sharing information is specifically underlined. But the polarisation of society, discrimination and other psychological and sociological factors can reinforce people’s vulnerability to radical discourse. Thus, counter-terrorism should not be purely repressive: integration and iclusion would contribute to prevention efforts, assuming that a more cohesive and inclusive society can help prevent the spread of extremist ideologies leading to terrorism.
Current security concerns of Europe: radicali-zation in Central Asia
Authors:   INION RAN, Novikova Olga
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the paper is to track processes of radicalization in Central Asia (CA) leading to acts of terrorism in Europe and to show the Western approach to the multiple drivers for violent extremism in СА. The revival of Islam throughout the region was a natural factor, as it filled the ideological vacuum formed after the collapse of the communist ideology, and the radicalization of Muslims could not be a consequence of these processes. Western scholars are viewing the efforts of the CA governments to counter radicalization and violent extremism through the lens of the «Western values» framing them in human-rights terms. The authoritarian states of Central Asia do monitor the activities of all religious groups and individuals but the author is sure that such religious restrictions cannot lead to violent extremism in Central Asia. The conflict is not between Islam and secularism, the real dispute unfolds within Islam: the traditional faith opposes radical brands of Islam. The governments of Central Asian states are not opposed to Islam per se, but rather to radical, politicized Islam, which serves as a framework for political opposition. Hundreds of Central Asian citizens travelled to the Middle East to support Al-Qaeda and Islamic State. The populations most at risk of radicalization are residents of the border regions of the CA states, ethnic minorities, youth, migrants, divorced women and orphans. Geographic proximity of the region to Afghanistan also matters. Now the exodus to wage jihad in the Middle East or in Afghanistan is not an immediate threat, but it should be borne in mind that the surviving IS fighters are returning to Europe, Central Asia and Russia.
Swastika on a chevron: right-wing extremism in law-enforcement au-thorities and in the Bundeswehr of the FRG
Authors:   INION RAN, Belinsky Andrei
Published: January 2022

The police, the Bundeswehr and the intelligence services of the FRG have been recently drawn into a series of high-profile scandals provoked by right-wing extremism and growing xenophobic attitudes among the ranks of the armed forces and law enforcement officers. The article is an attempt to analyze the reasons for the spread of right-wing extremism in the power structures of Germany, its main forms and the level of the threat it poses to society and government. As for the far-right-wing potential, the State Office for the Protection of the Constitution puts the estimate at about 1,400 representatives. Although this number seems to be less than 1% of the country’s total number of law-enforcement authorities, don’t let it confuse you. Even a small group of right-wing extremists who possess weapons, are specially trained and have access to classified information can become a big problem for the government. Moreover, consideration must be given to the clearly growing rates of nationalist and xenophobic attitudes. According to the author, there are various reasons for the situation, with the main of them being the shifts in public sentiment, as well as the specifics of the activities of the police and the army. The European migrant crisis of 2015 and the following societal divisions influenced the attitudes of the country’s security agencies, which did not approve the policy of Chancellor Angela Merkel. Additionally, constantly operating in criminal districts of large cities, mainly populated by Turks and Arabs, the police developed a negative attitude to all representatives of the migrant community. Furthermore, we should not forget that security agencies and the army are quite conservative by nature, and the crisis of state institutions inevitably pushes some «men of arms» to the far-right-wing camp, which promises to restore order. The article concludes with some recommendations on right-wing extremism prevention in the law enforcement system (spe-cial agencies performance improvement, adoption of education policy, etc.).
The efficacy of combined Albendazole and Praziquantel therapy versus Albendazole monotherapy in treatment of parenchymal neurocysticercosis: A systematic review
Authors: Nepal Gaurav , Rehrig Jessica Holly , Kandel Rajan Sharma , Ahamad Shaik Tanveer , Kandel Bipin , Ojha Rajeev , Yadav Jayant Kumar , Jamarkattel Sujan , Shah Ravi , Gautam Jeevan , Shrestha Gentle Sunder
Published: January 2022

Preliminary studies suggest combined albendazole and praziquantel (ABZ+PZQ) therapy has superior anti-parasitic effect compared to albendazole (ABZ) or praziquantel (PZQ) monotherapy, due to potential pharmacokinetic synergism. We thus present an evidence-based review evaluating the risks and benefits associated with combination ABZ+PZQ therapy compared to standard ABZ monotherapy in the treatment of viable parenchymal Neurocysticercosis (NCC). Our systematic review is based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta- Analysis) statement. Our primary outcome measure was to compare the efficacy of ABZ+PZQ with ABZ alone for treatment of NCC. Efficacy was determined based on clinical and radiographic evaluation. The secondary outcome measured the incidence of adverse effects in each treatment group. Literature search yielded a total of 120 articles. After excluding duplicates and those not meeting inclusion criteria, five papers were reviewed for data collection. Medication regimens, number of cyst, patient age, and location varied amongst included papers. The combination therapy resulted in significant symptom and cyst resolution in patients with more than two viable parenchymal cysts as compared to monotherapy. The two treatment arms were comparable in treating NCC with low cyst burden. There was no significant difference in the adverse effects between two treatment groups. In individuals with multi-cystic NCC, the patients who received dual therapy had better outcomes than those who received ABZ monotherapy as evidenced by radiographic improvement and reduced seizure episodes. The adverse effect profile in patients receiving dual therapy was similar and comparable to those with monotherapy.
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: A literature review
Authors: Adhikari Suman , Bhandari Prabin , Poudel Naresh , Yogi Nikunj , Karmacharya Balgopal , Dhakal Asmita
Published: January 2022

A novel coronavirus that started from the Wuhan province of China is affecting the whole world. As of this date, more than 222 million cases are reported with more than 4.60 million fatalities. Nepal has more than 771,000 cases reported with almost 11,000 death recorded to date. Though most of the patients present with flu-like symptoms, people with comorbidities like Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, lung, and heart disease most likely suffer from severe disease and even death. As reported, neurological manifestations are common in critically ill patients. The most common manifestation of CNS is headache, dizziness, and encephalopathy whereas loss of smell and taste is the common PNS manifestation. Other neurological complications seen are fatigue, myalgias, hemorrhage, altered consciousness, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, syncope, seizure, and stroke. Non-specific neurological symptoms may be present in the early stages which can mislead the treatment. In some cases, neurological manifestations precede the typical presentation of fever, cough, and shortness of breath and later develop into typical features. The virus enters the brain through 2 systems: hematogenous route or olfactory route. Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) is the port of entry to the brain for COVID- 19(SARS-CoV-2) which was also the entry point for SARS-CoV. Covid-19 cases are increasing in the world and prevention and control of spread are a must. Understanding the neurological invasion pathogenesis, and manifestation will help the neurologists and physicians on frontlines to recognize early cases with nervous system involvement, neurological complications, and sequelae during and after the pandemic.
ESKİ MISIR’DA ENSEST EVLİLİKLER VE KRALİYET ENSESTİNİN GELENEKSELLEŞMESİ
Authors: GÜZEL Eylem
Published: January 2022

Eski Mısır’da görülen ensest evlilik geleneğinin ilk öncüleri, Mısırlılar tarafından tanrılar ve insanlar arasında aracı olduklarına inanılan firavunlardır. Mısır’ın en önemli tanrısı Osiris’in ölümünden sonra onunla özdeşleşerek ilahi statüye ulaşan firavunlar, Osiris ve kız kardeşi İsis gibi kardeş evliliği yapmak suretiyle tanrılar tarafından başlatılan ensest evlilik geleneğinin öncüsü ve koruyucusu haline geldiler. Firavunlarla başlayan, Pers etkileşimi ve ticaret yoluyla yaygınlaştığı düşünülen ensest evlilik geleneği Mısır’da kurulan son hanedan olan Ptolemaios Hanedanı döneminde resmiyet kazandı. Bu durum dini ve mitolojik etkenlerle ilişkili gibi görünse de aslında tanrıların takipçisi olan hükümdarların uyguladığı din siyasetinin bir parçasıydı. Eski Mısır ve Yunan tanrılarının ensest evliliklerini rol model alarak din üzerinden yürütülen bir politika izleyen hükümdarların amacı, soy dışından kişilerle evlenmek yerine aile içi ensest evlilikler yapmak suretiyle soyun bozulmasını engellemekti. Hükümdarların yaptığı ensest evlilikler nedeniyle, Mısır dışındaki toplumların neredeyse tamamının tabu olarak gördüğü kardeşler arası evlenme geleneği sıradanlaşmış hem Mısır monarşi mensupları hem de yerli halk için olağan bir durum haline gelmişti. Bu durumda, Mısır’ın iç dinamikleri çerçevesinde geleneksel boyut kazanan ensest evliliklerin Mısırlı hükümdarlar tarafından politik bir enstrüman haline getirilmesini sağlayan bazı faktörler olmalıydı. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Eski Mısır’daki ensest evlilik geleneğinin kaynağından yola çıkarak Eski Mısır kraliyet ailesi özelindeki gelenekselleşme sürecini, uygulama prosedürü ile birlikte ortaya koymaktır. Bu konuyu, Mısırlı hükümdarları ensest evliliğe yönelten temel faktörleri belirlemek ve bu evlilikleri dini, siyasi, mitolojik etkenler üzerinden analiz etmek şeklinde ele alacağız. Bu kapsamda Mısır’daki ensest evliliklerin kaynağı, hangi faktörler nedeniyle gelenekselleştiği, kraliyet mensupları ve halk arasındaki kardeş evliliklerinin nitelikleri tespit edilecektir. Türkçe literatürde hiç yer almayan, Batı literatüründe ise farklı disiplinlere mensup akademisyenlerce makale ve kitap düzeyinde ele alınan bu konunun Türkçe literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
MEVLEVİ YUSUF SİNEÇAK’IN HURUFİLİK REMİZLERİYLE ÖRÜLÜ BİR GAZELİNİN ŞERHİ
Authors: ASLAN Murat
Published: January 2022

XIV. yüzyılın sonlarında İran ve Azerbaycan muhitinde teşekkül eden Hurufilik, kurucusu Fazlullah Esterabadi’nin Timurlular tarafından Alıncak Kalesi’nde idam edilmesinden sonra tarikatlaşma sürecini tamamlayamamış ancak kısa zamanda Hindistan’a, Suriye’ye, Anadolu’ya ve Balkanlara yayılmıştır. Hindistan’da Noktavilik tarikatına evrilen Hurufilik, Anadolu ve Balkanlarda Bektaşilik tarikatı ile birleşerek varlığını sürdürmüştür. Bunun dışında Gülşenilik ve Mevlevilik gibi tarikatlar ve bu tarikatların müritleri arasında da etkili olmuştur. Böylece inancı, düşüncesi ya da İslam’a yaklaşımı ne olursa olsun pek çok insan üzerinde etkisini göstermiştir.XVI. yüzyıl divan şairlerinden Yusuf Sineçak Hurufilikten etkilenen Mevlevi şairlerden biridir. Önce Mısır’da İbrahim Gülşeni’ye bağlanan Yusuf Sineçak, Anadolu’ya döndükten sonra Mevleviliğe girmiştir. Ünlü Cezîre-i Mesnevî’si dışında bazı gazeller de yazmış ancak bunlardan bir divan oluşturmamıştır. Yusuf Sineçak’ın gazellerinde Mevleviliğin dışında Hurufilik etkileri de görülmektedir. Tezkire-i Şu’arâ-yı Mevleviyye’de Yusuf Sineçak’tan örnek olarak verilen metinlerden biri özellikle Hurufiliğe dair derin anlamlar içermesi dolayısıyla dikkat çekmektedir.Bu çalışma, Yusuf Sineçak’ın Tezkire-i Şu’arâ-yı Mevleviyye’de geçen Hurufilik ile ilgili şiiri üzerine bir şerh denemesi olup divan şiirinde Mevlevilik ve Hurufilik münasebetlerine dair mütevazı bir katkıda bulunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada öncelikle Hurufiliğin tarikat yapılanmasından felsefi-mistik bir sistem olmaya doğru evrilişine değinilecek, Mevlevilik ve Hurufilik münasebetlerinden kısaca bahsedilecek, ardından şairin hayat hikâyesi anlatılıp ilgili şiirin şerhine geçilecektir. Beş beyitlik bu gazelde ilk üç beyit Hurufilik ile ilgiliyken diğer iki beyitte Hurufiliğe dair herhangi bir kelime, kavram ya da işaret bulunmamaktadır. Şerh çalışmamızda ağırlık, Hurufilik ile ilgili olan beyitler üzerinde olacaktır.
20. YÜZYILIN SON ÇEYREĞİNDE İNGİLTERE'NİN KÜRTLERE YÖNELİK POLİTİKASI HAKKINDA DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: YÜKSEL Çağdaş
Published: January 2022

İngiltere emperyalist bir güç olarak yükselmeye başladığı andan itibaren Kürtlerle ilgilenmeye başlamıştır. İngiltere Orta Doğu’da güç kazandıkça Kürtlere yönelik ilgi de gittikçe artmıştır. Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Osmanlı topraklarının paylaşılması sırasında İngiltere Kürtlerden faydalanmaya karar vermiştir. Mondros Mütarekesi sonrasında İngiltere Doğu Anadolu’da bir Ermenistan kurulması için harekete geçmiştir. İngiltere kendi kontrolündeki Irak ile Ermenistan arasında bir tampon olması için Güney Doğu Anadolu’da da bir Kürdistan kurmayı tasarlamıştır. Sevr Antlaşması ile bu tasarılar Osmanlı yönetimine kabul ettirilmiştir. Fakat Mustafa Kemal Paşa liderliğindeki Millî Mücadele’nin zaferi sonrasında Sevr Antlaşması geçersiz hale gelmiş ve Kürdistan meselesi bir süre için rafa kaldırılmıştır. Musul meselesi sonrasında İngiltere için uzun bir süre Kürtler ilgi odağı olmaktan çıkmışlardır.İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında İngiltere oldukça zayıfladığı için bölgeye olan ilgisi bir miktar azalmıştır. İran bölgede Batı devletlerinin en önemli müttefiki haline gelmiştir. İran devrimi sonrasında Batı devletleri İran’a karşı Irak ile yakınlaşmaya başlamışlardır. Ancak Saddam Hüseyin yönetiminin Batı devletlerinin çıkarlarını tehdit eder hale gelmesi üzerine Amerika ve İngiltere liderliğindeki müttefikler Kuveyt’in işgalini bahane ederek Irak’a müdahale etmişlerdir. Bundan sonra Irak üzerinde baskı kurmak ve petrol sahalarının güvenliğini sağlamak için İngiltere Kürtleri kullanmaya çalışmıştır. Irak Ordusu’nun isyan eden Kürtlere yönelik düzenlediği operasyonlar İngiliz politikasında büyük tartışmalara yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmada Irak yönetimi ile Kürtler arasında yaşanan ihtilafın İngiliz politikasına nasıl yansıdığı İngiltere Parlamento tutanakları üzerinden incelenmiştir.
THE TESTING OF WASHINGTON SYSTEM WITH JAPANESE INITIATIVES AND THE FAILURE OF DETERRENCE IN EAST ASIA
Authors: YAZAN KOÇ Yeliz
Published: January 2022

The study aims to assess the Japanese challenge to the status quo established with the “Washington System” during the interwar period under the American leadership from the perspective of deterrence. Deterrence is based on cost/benefit calculations. When the cost of challenging the status quo is greater than the potential benefit, the challenger prefers to maintain the status quo. At this point, satisfaction with the status-quo and credibility are two determining factors of deterrence success and sustainability of the status quo. The changes in power asymmetry in East Asian regional order since the second half of 19 th century caused the fall of the Chinese Empire, the rise of Japan, and the opening of the regional states to Western-style international relations. However, the Washington system established under the US leadership after World War I (WWI) created a dissatisfied Japan with the status-quo in the region. As its capabilities increased, Japan began to take challenging initiatives shaking the Washington System. Due to the isolationist policy of the US after the WWI, US’ responses toward Japanese aggression were minimal and shied away. Thus, it made the US in the eyes of Japan as a status-quo power having retaliatory capacity but not the intention. This study shows that the main reasons for the deterrence failure on the road to the Pearl Harbor attack were the dissatisfaction of Japan with the status-quo and Japan’s misperception of American credibility. As a result, the war became a more beneficial option in Japan’s eyes despite its unacceptable costs, and deterrence failed.
GÖSTERGEBİLİMSEL ÇÖZÜMLEME YÖNTEMİ İLE SOSYAL AĞ KONULU AFİŞLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DEĞERLİ Ahu Simla
Published: January 2022

Var oluşundan günümüze sürekli kavrama, yorumlama ve anlamlandırma çabası içinde olan insanoğlunun ilk öğrendiği olgulardan biri iletişim olmuştur. Göstergebilim kavramı ise yazılı ve işaretlerle iletişim şeklini inceleyen bilim dalı olarak bilinmektedir. Yani, görünen görüntünün ötesinde saklanan anlamların keşfedilmesinde yol gösterici bir pusuladır. Göstergebilim tasarımı, anlama ve kavrama şekliyle ilgilenmektedir. Başka bir deyişle amacı tasarımın anlamlandırılma noktasında doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak sunulan mesajların kodlarını bulup ortaya koymaktır. Göstergebilim, dilsel ya da görsel öğe fark etmeksizin işleyişini sürdürür. Bu işleyişte kullandığı nesneleri ve olguları farklı açılardan değerlendirir. Göstergebilime dayalı analiz yapılırken yazılı ve görsel öğeler, kültür, sosyal durum, dil, din ve coğrafya gibi birçok değişkenle birlikte değerlendirilir.Bu araştırmanın yöntemi teori ve uygulama olmak üzere iki boyuttan oluşmuştur. Çalışma kapsamının ilk ayağında teorik bir dayanak noktası oluşturması bakımından sosyal bilim çalışmalarından biri olan literatür taraması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Seçilen afişlerin analizinde ise nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bu çalışma uygulanırken Saussure ile başlayıp Barthes ile şekillenen “gösterge”, “gösteren” ve “gösterilenlerden” oluşan üç temel öğe kullanılmıştır. Amaç seçilen afiş tasarımlarında bulunan göstergelerin bilgisini seyirciye aktarmak; gösterge sisteminin arka planındaki gizli kalan göstergeleri açıklamaktır. Bu bağlamda “Poster For Tomorrow” Uluslararası afiş yarışmasının “Fake News” konusunda dereceye girmiş üç adet afiş analiz edilmiştir.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNDE KADINLARDA KAYIT DIŞI İSTİHDAM DURUMU
Authors: YALÇIN Miraç
Published: January 2022

Gayri resmi ekonomi, informel ekonomi ve aynı anlama gelen kayıt dışı ekonomi kavramı, gerçekte bir ekonomik faaliyet var olsa da, bu faaliyet ile ilgili resmi olarak herhangi bir kaydın olmaması durumu anlamına gelmektedir. Resmi düzenlenmelere uyulmaksızın çalışma hayatında var olmak olarak açıklanabilen kayıt dışı istihdam kavramı ise kayıt dışı ekonominin iş hayatında karşılığıdır. Çalışmanın amacı 2014-2020 yılları arasında kadın kayıt dışı çalışma oranlarını incelemek ve COVID-19 pandemisinde kadınlarda kayıt dışı istihdam durumunun ne halde olduğunu tespit etmektir. Çalışmada kayıt dışı istihdam kavramı ele alınmış, nedenleri, çeşitleri hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), “Esas işlerinden dolayı herhangi bir sosyal güvenlik kuruluşuna kayıtlı olmayanların yıllar ve cinsiyete göre işgücü durumu” verisi kullanılarak 2014 ila 2020 yılları arasını kapsayan tablolar oluşturulmuştur. Analiz edilen veriler, tarım ve tarım dışı sektörlerde kadınların kayıt dışı istihdam sayılarından oluşmaktadır. Ayrıca kadınların kayıt dışı istihdamda bulunma şekillerine de yer verilmiştir. Türkiye’de 2019 yılında kadınlarda kayıt dışılık oranı %42,2 iken 2020 yılında %37,1’e düşmüştür. Tarım sektöründe bu oran 2019 yılında %95,7 iken 2020 yılında %94,3’e düşmüş, tarım dışı sektörde ise %24,2’den %20,3’e düştüğü görülmüştür. COVID-19 pandemisini kapsayan 2020 yılı Mart ayından son verinin ulaşılabildiği 2020 Kasım ayına kadar ki süreçte kadınlarda kayıt dışı istihdam durumunda azalma olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu azalmanın nedeni ise pandemi kapsamında devletçe yapılan yardımlardan yasal hakkı var olmayan kayıt dışı istihdam çalışanlarının yararlanamaması olarak görülmüştür.
İRAN İSLAM CUMHURİYETİ’NİN BÖLGE POLİTİKALARI BAĞLAMINDA İKİNCİ KARABAĞ SAVAŞI KONUSUNDAKİ TUTUMU
Authors: YETGİN Muhammed Ali , ÇAKMAK Sait
Published: January 2022

1979 yılında İslam Devrimi sonrası kurulan İran İslam Cumhuriyeti’nin dış politikasında üç adet belirleyici unsur bulunmaktadır. Bu unsurlar uluslararası alandaki gelişmelerde bazen birlikte bazen ise tek olarak İran’ın politikasına yön vermiştir. Araştırmada milliyetçilik, İslamcılık ve mezhepçilik olarak adlandırılan bu üç unsur üzerinden İran’ın Kafkasya politikası bağlamında İkinci Karabağ Savaşı’ndaki tutumu incelenmiştir. İran’ın İslam ilkeleriyle yönetilen bir yapıda ulusal ve uluslararası politikasını bölgesel güç yaratma yönünde kullanması hem bölgesel hem de Batılı devletlerin tepkisini çekmiştir. Kıskaç altında kalan İran ise politika üretiminde etkili olan üç unsuru ulusal kazanç elde etme noktasında pragmatizm temelinde kullanmıştır. Bu durum ise İran’ın Hristiyan- Müslüman çatışmasında Hristiyanlar’dan, Şii-Sünni çatışmasında Şiiler’den yana olmasına yol açmıştır. Bu konsepte Birinci Karabağ Savaşı’nda Azerbaycan’a karşılık Ermenistan’dan yana olan İran, özellikle 1980- 81 yılları arasında Körfez Ülkeleri’ndeki Sünnilere karşılık Şiileri desteklemiştir. Bölgesel politika bağlamında Kafkasya bölgesini doğal etki alanı olarak gören İran bölge devletlerinin güçlenmesini önlemek noktasında politikasını üretmiştir. Nedenler dâhilinde ise İkinci Karabağ Savaşı’nda İran’ın geleneksel tutumunu bırakarak farklı tutum sergilediği görülmüş ve söz konusu ikilemin kaynağı sorgulanmıştır. Araştırmada İran Dışişleri Bakanlığı’nın yaptığı resmî açıklamalar ve sahadan gelen haberler dikkate alınarak İran’ın savaşa yönelik politikası araştırılmış ve bölge politikasında değişikliğe gidip gitmediği sorgulanmıştır. Toplanan veriler ışığında İran’ın İkinci Karabağ Savaşı’nda farklı tutum sergileyerek Kafkasya politikasında değişikliğe gittiği görülmüştür.
ARAP BAHARI SONRASINDA LİBYA’NIN SOSYAL, SİYASİ VE GÜVENLİK DURUMUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ACAR Hasan , ACAR Hakan
Published: January 2022

Dünyada gelişen teknolojinin ve küreselleşmenin aksine yüz yıllardır Arap coğrafyasında cumhuriyet, demokrasi, insan hakları gibi kavramlara karşı yabancı kalınması beklenen bir durum olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Arap Baharı kapsamında Libya’da ortaya çıkan devrimden sonraki durumun neden şiddetli geçtiğini ifade etmek gerekir. Tunus’ta başlayan ve hızlı bir şekilde büyüyen halk ayaklanmaları, Tunus’tan sonra Mısır, Libya, Suriye, Bahreyn, Ürdün ve Yemen gibi ülkelere sıçramıştır. Bu ayaklanma, ilk olarak Tunus ile sınırlı kalmış ve “Yasemin Devrimi” olarak anılmaya başlanmıştır. Arap coğrafyasında yaşanan güvenlik sorunlarının kısa sürede birbirini etkilemesi ve diğer Arap ülkelerine ulaşması sonucunda bu durum “Arap Baharı” olarak ifade edilmiştir. Arap Baharı Libya’da farklı bir boyutta gelişmiş ve Libya Arap Baharı’nın etkisi belki de en ağır şekilde hissedilen ülkelerin başında gelmektedir. İnsan haklarının ihlalleri ve uluslararası müdahale ile birlikte Muammer Kaddafi’nin yönetimden ayrılması ülkeyi ikili bir yapıya sürüklemiştir. Bu ikili yapı başta Hafter ve Ulusal Mutabakat Hükümeti arasında gerçekleşen ve hâlâ devam eden bir iç çatışmayı beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu durum ülkeyi siyasi, sosyal ve güvenlik bağlamında bir çıkmaza götürmüştür. Bu makalede, Libya’da devrim öncesi ve sonrası siyasi, sosyal ve güvenlik anlamda bir değerlendirme yapılmış ve ülkenin içine girdiği bu krizden nasıl çıkabileceği üzerinde durulmuştur. Bununla birlikte, Libya’da yaşanan sürecin perde arkası ve devrimden sonraki Libya ile devrimden önceki Libya’nın durumu sosyal, siyasal ve güvenlik boyutları ve genel hatlarla analiz edilmiştir.
Russian Orthodox Churches in Birlya and Taburnoe Villages of the Ulyanovsk Oblast
Authors: Burdin Evgeniy Anatolevich , Safin Kirill Vladimirovich
Published: January 2022

The article reflects the results of research on the topic «History and cultural heritage of the settlements of the Ulyanovsk region." The subject of the research is the history of the St. Michael the Archangel's Church and the Kazan-Mother of God church in the villages of Birlya and Taburnoe (now belonging to Melekessky district of the Ulyanovsk region). The purpose of the article is to identify the most important periods of the above-mentioned churches from the end of the 19-th century to the 1950-s, to establish the composition of the clergy, and the educational work of the clergy among the population. Analysis of unpublished documents from the Central State Archives of the Samara Region allowed to establish: the ethnic composition of the settlements, socio-economic status of inhabitants, reasons and patterns of migration of the local population; the foundation and liquidation dates of the churches, facts of life of church ministers and parish; statistical data on the economic structure of the clergy. The Mikhailo-Arkhangelsk and Kazan-Mother of God churches in the villages of Birlya and Taburnoye are lost monuments of the Orthodox cultural heritage. Mikhailo-Arkhangelsk and Kazan-Mother of God churches were built, respectively, at the end of the 19th century. and destroyed in the first half of the 1950-s. in connection with the construction of the Kuibyshev hydroelectric power station, and their location is flooded by a reservoir.
Stasis Ulcers – The Unifying Concept
Authors: E. Naschitz Jochanan
Published: January 2022

Chronic stasis dermatitis, usually confined to the lower legs, is a complication of longstanding interstitial edema and inflammation, due either to venous hypertension or disorders having in common excessive lymph overload. Heart failure, renal failure, liver cirrhosis, secondary and primary diseases of lymph vessels may complicate with stasis dermatitis. The same mechanisms causing stasis dermatitis can also generate skin ulcers superimposed on stasis dermatitis. In the appropriate context such skin ulcers are called "venous ulcers" or, in different situations, “stasis ulcers”. The distinction between venous and other stasis ulcers is usually possible at the bedside. Also, some general measures of therapy are similar for venous and other stasis ulcers: such are elastic compression, topical skin care and ulcer care. In having in common the pathophysiological mechanisms, in bearing clinical resemblance, and responding to similar therapies, a unifying concept may be opportune to comprise the spectrum of stasis dermatitis, venous and other stasis ulcers. The present work is an appeal to this aim.
SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCERS AND ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH: THE COMMUNICATION IMPACT ON RESTAURANT PATRONIZING
Authors: Azim Rida , Balakrishnan Nair Praveen
Published: January 2022

Innovative forms of digital communications using blogging, vlogging, etc. have led to wider recognition and acceptance of social media influencer marketing by business entities. The purpose of this study is to explore the characteristics of electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) generated by food blogging, that has an impact on consumers when they seek out the reviews by social media influencers to make dining decisions. More precisely, the study identifies four independent variables; The expertise of Source (EX); Popularity of Source (PO); Convenience of Information (CO) and Familiarityof Source (FA); and examines its impact on consumers’ Intention to Purchase (IN). The study starts off with a discussion of the coming of digital marketing communication, allowing traditional word of mouth marketing to evolve into the electronic word of mouth. The study followed quantitative methodology and the data was gathered using self-administered questionnaires. 353 usable responses were received, and the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS. The results show that the consumers’ the intention was strongly impacted by the familiarity of source and convenience of information, while the correlation is low for the expertise of source and popularity of source. The findings fill in the lack of studies in this area, specific to the food and beverage industry in the geographical context, and provide marketers a clearer picture of what is being valued by the consumers when they seek out opinions by the social media influencers. This in turn helps their decision-making when choosing food bloggers as part of their social media marketing strategy.