bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indirect measurement and extreme learning machine based modelling for flux linkage of doubly salient electromagnetic machine
Authors: Xu Yanwu , Zhang Zhuoran , Yu Li , Bian Zhangming
Published: February 2018

Doubly salient electromagnetic machines (DSEMs), which are characterised with fault tolerance, low cost, high reliability, and de‐excitation ability, are gaining more and more attention in safety‐critical and hash environment applications, such as the aircraft generation systems. Nevertheless, the non‐linear and strong coupled characteristics of the flux linkage is the obstruct crux in DSEM modelling. The DSEM model is the critical part of the system model, which is the foundation of theoretical analysis, control strategy developing, and stability analysis. This study is aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of indirect flux linkage measurement method, as well as the effectiveness of the extreme learning machine (ELM)‐based flux linkage modelling method. The basic principles of the indirect measurement are analysed and the measurement processes excluding rotor‐clamping devices are proposed. The ELM is employed to high‐precision flux linkage modelling with high efficiency. A three‐phase 12/8‐pole DSEM is tested to confirm the validity of the proposed modelling method. Both finite element analysis and experimental results are presented, verifying the effectiveness of the indirect flux linkage measurement and the ELM‐based modelling method.
Estimating electromechanical oscillation modes from synchrophasor measurements in bulk power grids using FSSI
Authors: Jiang Tao , Li Xue , Yuan Haoyu , Jia Hongjie , Li Fangxing
Published: February 2018

Multi‐order stochastic subspace identification (MOSSI) has been extensively used to estimate the electromechanical oscillation modes from probing, ambient and ringdown data. It has been validated with good performances, while the computational burden is still a major obstacle. This study develops a fast iterative MOSSI (FSSI) approach for computational enhancement of MOSSI in mode estimation. In the proposed approach, an initial cluster of eigenvalues is formulated through FSSI with repetitive calculations (RCs), and electromechanical oscillation mode separation (EOMS) is utilised to discriminate the electromechanical modes. The RCs within the FSSI is calculated through changing the model order successively over the defined range given by a mean of singular values based order determination strategy. Additionally, the proposed approach is highly reliable against prevalent measurement noises owing to RCs and the EOMS. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated in Kundur's two‐area test system by comparing with MOSSI, Prony and autoregressive moving average exogenous. Its applicability for both the ringdown and ambient data is also demonstrated with the phasor measurement units field‐measurement data from the China Southern Power Grid. The results confirmed the accuracy, robustness and efficiency of the proposed approach for oscillation mode estimation.
MILP‐based technique for smart self‐healing grids
Authors: Al Owaifeer Maad , Al‐Muhaini Mohammad
Published: February 2018

The development of smart grids has offered many technical solutions that can increase the reliability and resilience of distribution systems. Self‐healing is an important characteristic of smart grids, as it pertains to the capability of the grid to isolate and restore the system, or part of it, to its normal operation following interruptions. This is achieved by adopting advanced monitoring and control systems and utilising all local available distributed sources. In this study, a smart self‐healing optimisation strategy for smart grids is proposed. The proposed technique considers several factors, including the available power supply, system configuration, and load management. Moreover, a load prioritisation model is presented and incorporated into the proposed technique. The self‐healing strategy is formulated as a mixed‐integer linear programming problem, which is solved mathematically, ensuring global optimality of the solution. The strategy is tested by applying it to 16‐bus and 33‐bus smart grid systems. Further, the proposed formulation is utilised to solve the reconfiguration for the loss‐minimisation problem for a 69‐bus system. The simulation results indicate the capability of the proposed strategy in providing the optimal network configuration, optimal distributed generators output, and optimal load curtailment with remarkable accuracy and computational time.
Perturbation compensation‐based non‐linear adaptive control of ESS‐DVR for the LVRT capability improvement of wind farms
Authors: Yan Linfang , Chen Xia , Zhou Xin , Sun Haishun , Jiang Lin
Published: February 2018

This study presents a non‐linear adaptive control (NAC) for the energy storage system (ESS) embedded dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) in enhancing the low‐voltage ride through (LVRT) capability of wind farms. The proposed NAC features a perturbation observer to estimate and then compensate the real perturbation of the whole system, including parameter uncertainties, measurement noise, and external disturbances such as different grid faults and intermittent wind power. It can achieve an adaptive and robust control without requiring accurate system model and full‐state measurements. This control is then applied to the ESS embedded DVR (ESS‐DVR) system, in which the ESS can store the blocked wind power for potential power fluctuation suppression. Simulation studies have verified that the proposed control for ESS‐DVR can effectively enhance the LVRT capability of wind farms installed with different types of WTGs under different operating conditions. Moreover, its superiority has also been demonstrated by comparing with fixed gains‐based conventional vector control and accurate system model‐based feedback linearising control.
MACS J0416.1–2403: Impact of line-of-sight structures on strong gravitational lensing modelling of galaxy clusters
Authors: Chirivì G. , Suyu S. H. , Grillo C. , Halkola A. , Balestra I. , Caminha G. B. , Mercurio A. , Rosati P.
Published: February 2018

Exploiting the powerful tool of strong gravitational lensing by galaxy clusters to study the highest-redshift Universe and cluster mass distributions relies on precise lens mass modelling. In this work, we aim to present the first attempt at modelling line-of-sight (LOS) mass distribution in addition to that of the cluster, extending previous modelling techniques that assume mass distributions to be on a single lens plane. We have focussed on the Hubble Frontier Field cluster MACS J0416.1–2403, and our multi-plane model reproduces the observed image positions with a rms offset of ~0.′′53. Starting from this best-fitting model, we simulated a mock cluster that resembles MACS J0416.1–2403 in order to explore the effects of LOS structures on cluster mass modelling. By systematically analysing the mock cluster under different model assumptions, we find that neglecting the lensing environment has a significant impact on the reconstruction of image positions (rms ~0.′′3); accounting for LOS galaxies as if they were at the cluster redshift can partially reduce this offset. Moreover, foreground galaxies are more important to include into the model than the background ones. While the magnification factor of the lensed multiple images are recovered within ~10% for ~95% of them, those ~5% that lie near critical curves can be significantly affected by the exclusion of the lensing environment in the models. In addition, LOS galaxies cannot explain the apparent discrepancy in the properties of massive sub-halos between MACS J0416.1–2403 and N-body simulated clusters. Since our model of MACS J0416.1–2403 with LOS galaxies only reduced modestly the rms offset in the image positions, we conclude that additional complexities would be needed in future models of MACS J0416.1–2403.
NGC 4051: Black hole mass and photon index-mass accretion rate correlation
Authors: Seifina Elena , Chekhtman Alexandre , Titarchuk Lev
Published: February 2018

We present a discovery of the correlation between the X-ray spectral (photon) index and mass accretion rate observed in an active galactic nucleus, NGC 4051. We analyzed spectral transition episodes observed in NGC 4051 usingXMM-Newton,Suzakuand RXTE. We applied a scaling technique for a black hole (BH) mass evaluation which uses a correlation between the photon index and normalization of the seed (disk) component, which is proportional to a mass accretion rate. We developed an analytical model that shows the spectral (photon) index of the BH emergent spectrum undergoes an evolution from lower to higher values depending on a mass accretion rate in the accretion disk. We considered Cygnus X-1 and GRO J1550–564 as reference sources for which distances, inclination angles and the BH masses are evaluated by dynamical measurements. Application of the scaling technique for the photon index−mass accretion rate correlation provides an estimate of the black hole mass in NGC 4051 to be more than 6 × 105solar masses.
Impact of Training and Mentoring Activities Which are Given to The Level of Interest And Capability Industrial Target Group In Adopting SNI ISO 50001
Authors: Apriyanti Dwi , Ika Nugrahanto Aris , Shrestha Sanjaya
Published: February 2018

Energy consumption in the industrial sector in Indonesia is increasing as a result of population and economic growth. The government is aware of this and seeks the answer to improve industrial competitiveness and increase energy security through energy efficiency programs. Some industries have implemented energy efficiency programs as ad-hoc, but have not applied systematically, so the results are not optimal. Through the cooperation of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) with the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), there has been training and mentoring activities for industry on Energy Management System (EnMS) based on SNI ISO 50001. Based on the results of identification through survey conducted to 226 industry that has attended the training and 64 industries that have been trained and received assistance, obtained data that 45% of industries have fully adopted EnMS SNI ISO 50001, 17% industry has adopted a part of EnMS SNI ISO 50001 and 38% industry does not adopt EnMS SNI ISO 50001 altogether.
The Effect of COD Concentration Containing Leaves Litter, Canteen and Composite Waste to the Performance of Solid Phase Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC)
Authors: Samudro Ganjar , Syafrudin  , Dwi Nugraha Winardi , Sutrisno Endro , Bagus Priyambada Ika , Muthi’ah Hilma , Natalia Sinaga Glory , Tubagus Hakiem Rahmat
Published: February 2018

This research is conducted to analyze and determine the optimum of COD concentration containing leaves litter, canteen and composite waste to power density and COD removal efficiency as the indicator of SMFC performance. COD as the one of organic matter parameters perform as substrate, nutrient and dominating the whole process of SMFC. Leaves litter and canteen based food waste were obtained from TPST UNDIP in Semarang and treated in SMFC reactor. Its reactor was designed 2 liter volume and equipped by homemade graphene electrodes that were utilized at the surface of organic waste as cathode and in a half of reactor height as anode. COD concentration was initially characterized and became variations of initial COD concentration. Waste volume was maintained 2/3 of volume of reactor. Bacteria sources as the important process factor in SMFC were obtained from river sediment which contain bacteroides and exoelectrogenic bacteria. Temperature and pH were not maintained while power density and COD concentration were periodically observed and measured during 44 days. The results showed that power density up to 4 mW/m2 and COD removal efficiency performance up to 70% were reached by leaves litter, canteen and composite waste at days 11 up to days 44 days. Leaves litter contain 16,567 mg COD/l providing higher COD removal efficiency reached approximately 87.67%, more stable power density reached approximately 4.71 mW/m2, and faster optimum time in the third day than canteen based food waste and composite waste. High COD removal efficiency has not yet resulted in high power density.
Effect of Batik Waste Water on Kali Wangan Water Quality in Different Seasons
Authors: Lestari S. , Sudarmadji  , Tandjung S.D. , Santoso S.J.
Published: February 2018

Sokaraja Batik Center is one of batik industrial centers in Banyumas Regency. The craftsmen in Sokaraja Batik Center dispose of their waste water directly to a river named Kali Wangan. This study aims at figuring out the quality of Kali Wangan in dry and rainy seasons. The research is conducted along the Wangan River in January – November 2015. The research method used is survey with Purposive Random Sampling. The Kali Wangan water is sampled in four observation stations. The obtained data are analyzed descriptively and compared against the environmental quality standards. The research results show that the quality of Kali River water is found contaminated by the batik waste water, all parameters are below the class III standards quality based on Government Regulation Number 82 Year 2001 during dry and rainy season
Potential Of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris As Bioremediation Agents of Heavy Metal Pb (Lead) On Culture Media
Authors: Rita Sulistya Dewi Endah , Nuravivah Riza
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study to determine the ability of Chlorella vulgaris in absorbing Pb (lead) and the effect of the variation of Pb metal concentration on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris.This study using an experimental study with complete random design with 4 treatments, namely control (without the addition of metal), Pb1 (addition of metal 1 mg / l), Pb3 (3 mg / l) and Pb5 (5 mg / l), respectively 3 replications. Exposure Pb ion in Chlorella vulgaris for 7 days. Analysis of the metal content of Pb concentration performed on culture media after exposure it at 3 hours after dispersion Chlorella vulgaris and on day 7 of culture using the AAS method. Do also counting the growth of cells each day. The results of the analysis of the average metal content of Pb in the culture medium at the end of the study was the control (0.1980), Pb1 (0.1453), Pb3 (0.4144) and Pb5 (0.5305). While the average growth of Chlorella vulgaris at the end of the study were control (630.1116 x 104), Pb1 (829.0012 x 104), Pb3 (1069.9446 x 104) and Pb 5 (808.94450 x 104). The results of the analysis of the content of Pb in the F test shown that the difference in concentration of water Pb given real influence on the ability of Chlorella vulgaris in absorbing Pb and growth. The conclusion of this study was Chlorella vulgaris has the ability to absorb metals in the waters, and the provision of various concentrations of Pb can affect the growth of Chlorella vulgaris.
Total Economic Value of Applied Used Green Line Street Model For Tamarindus Indica in Rembang District
Authors: Rangga Fajar Abdillah , Azis Nur Bambang
Published: February 2018

One of the green line street functions is to providing land of carbon sink crops. Javanese tamarind (Tamarindus indica) is a type of productive crop that has a carbon absorbent function. The type of Javanese tamarind crops production is wood products and tamarind fruit harvest products. The purpose of this study to determine the total economic value (NET) a calculation of the model of the applied use of green line street for Javanese tamarind plants .The economic value that can be calculated from the modeling are Direct Value and Indirect Value. Direct benefit value consist of value of wood and value of crop. While indirect benefits value consist of value of carbon stock and biodiversity value. This research was conducted in May 2017 in Rembang District, Rembang Regency, Central Java. The methods used are allometric modeling method and economic valuation method. Allometric modeling method is used to determine the potential of carbon and wood reserves along the green line street. While the economic valuation method is used to calculate total economic value of the application of this modeling result. Applying of this model has result in total economic value Rp 1,942,788,721 per year. It can be concluded that the green liner street has great potential utilization and should be optimally utilized.
Vulnerability Assessment of Mangrove Habitat to the Variables of the Oceanography Using CVI Method (Coastal Vulnerability Index) in Trimulyo Mangrove Area, Genuk District, Semarang
Authors: Raditya Ahmad Rifandi , Fuad Muhammad
Published: February 2018

Some functions of mangrove areas in coastal ecosystems as a green belt, because mangrove serves as a protector of the beach from the sea waves, as a good habitat for coastal biota and for nutrition supply. Decreased condition or degradation of mangrove habitat caused by several oceanographic factors. Mangrove habitats have some specific characteristics such as salinity, tides, and muddy substrates. Considering the role of mangrove area is very important, it is necessary to study about the potential of mangrove habitat so that the habitat level of mangrove habitat in the east coast of Semarang city is known. The purpose of this research is to obtain an index and condition of habitat of mangrove habitat at location of research based on tidal, salinity, substrate type, coastline change. Observation by using purposive method and calculation of habitat index value of mangrove habitat using CVI (Coastal Vulnerability Index) method with scores divided into 3 groups namely low, medium and high. The results showed that there is a zone of research belonging to the medium vulnerability category with the most influential variables is because there is abrasion that sweeps the mangrove substrate. Trimulyo mangrove habitat has high vulnerable variable of tidal frequency, then based on value variable Salinity is categorized as low vulnerability, whereas for mangrove habitat vulnerability based on variable type of substrate belong to low and medium vulnerability category. The CVI values of mangrove habitats divided into zones 1; 2; and 3 were found to varying values of 1.54; 3.79; 1.09, it indicates that there is a zone with the vulnerability of mangrove habitat at the study site belonging to low and medium vulnerability category.
Carbon Value Analysis of Batang Gadis National Park, Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Authors: Novalanty Ohara Daulay Dini , Wasiq Hidayat Jafron
Published: February 2018

Global warming is an important issue in the world which it gives a negative effect on human life. One indicator of global warming is increasing greenhouse gas i.e. carbondioxide from human activities. Deforestation and forest degradation are the second largest contributor of carbon into the atmosphere, after the use of fossil fuels by industry and transportation. As lungs of the world, forest is enable to produce renewable energy sources i.e. biomass. Forest carbon stock in above ground biomass (AGB) is the greatest effect source on deforestation and forest degradation. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a study the potential of carbon in forest. The purpose of this research is to determine carbon stock value in Batang Gadis National Park, Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The carbon potential stored in this forest vegetation is calculated using AGB allometric equation by using data in diameter at breast height (dbh = 1.3 m), height, and density of the wood for trees. Data obtained from secondary data is Asset Assessment Report which State Controlled Forest Natural Resources Batang Gadis National Park, 2016. Study locations were Pagar Gunung and Sopo Tinjak Villages. Carbon stock values were calculated and analyzed with assumption that a half of biomass part is carbon stock which using Australian carbon price about AUD $ 11.82 Australia (Australian dollars) and EU € 5 (US $ 6). The results showed that the total biomass in Pagar Gunung and Sopo Tinjak Villages amounted to 259.83 tonnes and 160.89 tonnes. From the results of the total biomass, the total carbon stocks (C) and CO2 stocks in both villages are 210.36 tonnes (129.92 tonnes in Pagar Gunung Village and 80.45 tonnes in Sopo Tinjak Village) and 772.03 tonnes (476.79 tonnes in Pagar Gunung Village and 295.24 tonnes in Sopo Tinjak Village). By using the carbon price prevailing in the market place Australia Emission Trading System (ETS) and the EU ETS (AUD $ 11.82/t CO2e and € 5 (US $ 6)/t CO2e), the value of carbon stock that can be produced from Batang Gadis National Park (Pagar Gunung and Sopo Tinjak Villages) is about Rp. 92,499,921.72 (in AUD $) or Rp. 61,654,433.67 (in US $).
Community Structure Of Coral Reefs In Saebus Island, Sumenep District, East Java
Authors: Rizmaadi Mada , Riter Johannes , Fatimah Siti , Rifaldi Riyan , Yoga Arditho , Ramadhan Fikri , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto
Published: February 2018

Increasing degradation coral reefs ecosystem has created many concerns. Reduction of this damage can only be done with good and proper management of coral reef ecosystem based on existing condition. The condition of coral reef ecosystem can be determined by assessing its community structure. This study investigates community structure of coral reef ecosystems around Saebus Island, Sumenep District, East Java, by using satellite imagery analysis and field observations. Satellite imagery analysis by Lyzenga methods was used to determine the observation stations and substrate distribution. Field observations were done by using Line Intercept Transect method at 4 stations, at the depth of 3 and 10 meters. The results showed that the percentage of coral reef coverage at the depth of 3 and 10 meters were 64.36% and 59.29%, respectively, and included in fine coverage category. This study found in total 25 genera from 13 families of corals at all stations. The most common species found wereAcropora,Porites, andPocillopora, while the least common species wereFavitesandMontastrea. Average value of Diversity, Uniformity and Dominancy indices were 2.94, 0.8 and 0.18 which include as medium, high, and low category, respectively. These results suggest that coral reef ecosystems around Saebus Island is in a good condition.
Water Footprint Assessment in the Agro-industry: A Case Study of Soy Sauce Production
Authors: Aulia Firda Alfiana , Purwanto
Published: February 2018

In terms of global water scarcity, the water footprint is an indicator of the use of water resources that given knowledge about the environmental impact of consuming a product. The sustainable use of water resources nowadays bring challenges related to the production and consumption phase of water intensive related goods such as in the agro-industry. The objective of the study was to assessment the total water footprint from soy sauce production in Grobogan Regency. The total water footprint is equal to the sum of the supply chain water footprint and the operational water footprint. The assessment is based on the production chain diagram of soy sauce production which presenting the relevant process stages from the source to the final product. The result of this research is the total water footprint of soy sauce production is 1.986,35 L/kg with fraction of green water 78,43%, blue water 21,4% and gray water 0,17%.
Economic Valuation as an Instrument to Determine The Management Strategy of Baros Mangrove Forest, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Waluyo Jati Irawan , Pribadi Rudhi
Published: February 2018

The Baros mangrove forest in Bantul Regency is now beginning to develop. Many government and private sectors programs are rolled out to support its development. The development of the Baros mangrove forest must be in accordance with the rules of conservation so that it will not damage the mangrove ecosystem. Mangrove forest has high economical and ecological value but is very vulnerable if lack of wisdom in maintaining, preserving and managing them. The involvement of government and other stakeholders are essential in determining management policies. Unawareness of society and the government to the importance of mangrove ecosystem can cause development of it becomes uncontrolled, consequently can destroy it. Mangrove forests are an important natural resource in coastal environments, and have three main functions: physical, biological, and economic functions. To quantify the functions of mangrove forests as the basis to determine the policy is required a research instrument called economic valuation. The approach of this study is the literature review from various studies before to perceive the influence of economic valuation in determining the management strategy of Baros mangrove forest in Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Utilization of Information Technology for Non Domestic Waste Management in Semarang City
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Hadi Sudharto P , Soemantri Maman
Published: February 2018

Garbage problem is often very complex in urban areas. The handling pattern of collecting, transporting and disposing that has been applied up to this day has not yet produced an appropriate solution. This is evident from the data of statistic centre institution in 2015 that 76.31% of the existing waste in the community has not been sorted, while 10.28% sorted to be used and 13.41% sorted to be discarded, showing the community amount of unsorted garbage large enough to necessitate managerial efforts at the waste sources. In designing a systematic and structured waste management system, the generations, compositions, and characteristics of the waste are indispensable. Therefore, a research is conducted on these three dimensions to the non-domestic waste in Semarang City, which involves commercial waste (from the markets, restaurants, and hotels), institutional waste (from the offices and schools). From the research result the average of 0,24kgs/person/day in weight unit of the City’s non-domestical waste generation is derived. The waste composition is dominated by organic waste of around 61.95%, while the rest percentage is inorganic. The management policy is directed with the application of Management Information System model based on Information Technology because of the system’s abilities to effectuate the waste management.
Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A Perspective of Sustainable Development in Indonesia
Authors: Galuh Nuansa Citrasmara , Widodo Wahyu
Published: February 2018

Sustainable development with three main pillars, namely environmental, economic, and social, is the concept of country’s development to achieve inclusive economic growth, good environmental quality, and improvement of people's welfare. However, the dominance of economic factors cause various environmental problem. This phenomenon occurs in most of developing countries, including in Indonesia. The relationship between economic activity and environmental quality has been widely discussed and empirically tested by scholars. This descriptive research analysed the hypothesis called Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) from a perspective of sustainable development in Indonesia. EKC hypothesis illustrates the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation forming an inverted U-curve, indicating that at the beginning of development, environmental quality will decrease along with increasing economic growth, and then reached a certain point the environmental quality will gradually improve. In this paper will be discussed how the relationship between environmental quality and economic growth in Indonesia was investigated. The preliminary results show that most of the empirical studies use the conventional approach, in which the CO2 emission used as the proxy of environmental degradation. The existence of inverted U-curve is also inconclusive. Therefore, the extension research on the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality in Indonesia using the EKC hypothesis is required.
Simple Additive Weighting to Diagnose Rabbit Disease
Authors: Ramadiani  , Marissa Dyna , Jundillah Muhammad Labib , Azainil  , Rahmania Hatta Heliza
Published: February 2018

Rabbit is one of the many pets maintained by the general public in Indonesia. Like other pet, rabbits are also susceptible to various diseases. Society in general does not understand correctly the type of rabbit disease and the way of treatment. To help care for sick rabbits it is necessary a decision support system recommendation diagnosis of rabbit disease. The purpose of this research is to make the application of rabbit disease diagnosis system so that can help user in taking care of rabbit. This application diagnoses the disease by tracing the symptoms and calculating the recommendation of the disease using Simple Additive Weighting method. This research produces a web-based decision support system that is used to help rabbit breeders and the general public.
Differentiation and Exploration of Model MACP for HE VER 1.0 on Prototype Performance Measurement Application for Higher Education
Authors: Akbar R. Reza El , Anshary Muhammad Adi Khairul , Hariadi Dennis
Published: February 2018

Model MACP for HE ver.1. Is a model that describes how to perform measurement and monitoring performance for Higher Education. Based on a review of the research related to the model, there are several parts of the model component to develop in further research, so this research has four main objectives. The first objective is to differentiate the CSF (critical success factor) components in the previous model, the two key KPI (key performance indicators) exploration in the previous model, the three based on the previous objective, the new and more detailed model design. The final goal is the fourth designed prototype application for performance measurement in higher education, based on a new model created. The method used is explorative research method and application design using prototype method. The results of this study are first, forming a more detailed new model for measurement and monitoring of performance in higher education, differentiation and exploration of the Model MACP for HE Ver.1. The second result compiles a dictionary of college performance measurement by re-evaluating the existing indicators. The third result is the design of prototype application of performance measurement in higher education.
Preliminary research on virtual thermal comfort of automobile occupants
Authors: Horobet Tiberiu , Danca Paul , Nastase Ilinca , Bode Florin
Published: February 2018

Numerical simulation of climate conditions in automotive industry for the study of thermal comfort had become more and more prominent in the last years compared with the classical approach which consists in wind tunnel measurements and field testing, the main advantages being the reduction of vehicle development time and costs. The study presented in this paper is a part of a project intended to evaluate different strategies of cabin ventilation for improving the thermal comfort inside vehicles. A virtual thermal manikin consisting of 24 parts was introduced on the driver seat in a vehicle. A heat load calculated for summer condition in the city of Cluj-Napoca, Romania was imposed as boundary condition. The purpose of this study was to elaborate a virtual thermal manikin suitable for our research, introduction of the manikin inside the vehicle and to examine his influence inside the automobile. The thermal comfort of the virtual manikin was evaluated in terms of temperature and air velocity.
Comparison of indoor air pollutants concentration in two Romanian classrooms
Authors: Vasile Vasilica , Dima Alina , Zorila Elena , Istrate Andrei , Catalina Tiberiu
Published: February 2018

This paper investigates the air pollutions in space ventilated in two High School classrooms. The analysis consists of comparison of one classroom with hybrid ventilation system and another one stander-by classroom with natural ventilation. Several studies regarding indoor air quality during the experimental campaign have been done for VOC, CO2, CO, other pollutants, keeping monitored for humidity and temperature. The experimental demonstrated that the highest value for CO2 in stander-by classroom is 2691 ppm and in classroom with hybrid ventilation is 1897 ppm, while values for CO are 1.1 / 1.1 ppm and VOC 0.14 / 0.06 ppm, better use hybrid ventilation.
Study of Negative-Ion TPC Using μ-PIC for Directional Dark Matter Search
Authors: Ikeda Tomonori , Miuch Kentaro , Ochi Atsuhiko , Yakabe Ryota , Hashimoto Takashi , Taishaku Ryosuke , Snowden-Ifft Daniel P. , Gauvreau Jean-Luc , Tanimori Toru , Takada Atsushi , Nakamura Kiseki
Published: February 2018

Negative-ion time projection chambers(TPCs) have been studied for low-rate and high-resolution applications such as dark matter search experiments. Recently, a full volume fiducialization in a self-triggering TPC was realized. This innovative technology demonstrated a significant reduction in the background with MWPC-TPCs. We studied negative-ion TPC using the μ-PIC+GEM system and obtained sufficient gas gain with CS2 gas and SF6 gas at low pressures. We expect an improvement in detector sensitivity and angular resolution with better electronics.
Experimental and Numerical Design and Optimization of a Counter-Flow Heat Exchanger
Authors: Bahrami Salman , Rahimian Mohammad Hassan
Published: February 2018

A new inexpensive counter-flow heat exchanger has been designed and optimized for a vapor-compression cooling system in this research. The main aim is to experimentally and numerically evaluate the effect of an internal heat exchanger (IHX) adaptation in an automotive air conditioning system. In this new design of IHX, the high-pressure liquid passes through the central channel and the low-pressure vapor flows in several parallel channels in the opposite direction. The experimental set-up has been made up of original components of the air conditioning system of a medium sedan car, specially designed and built to analyze vehicle A/C equipment under real operating conditions. The results show that this compact IHX may achieve up to 10% of the evaporator capacity while low pressure drop will be imposed on this refrigeration cycle. Also, they confirm considerable decrease of compressor power consumption (CPC), which is intensified at higher evaporator air flow. A significant improvement of the coefficient of performance (COP) is achieved with the IHX employment too. The influence of operating conditions has been also discussed in this paper. Finally, numerical analyses have been briefly presented, which bring more details of the flow behavior and heat transfer phenomena, and help to determine the optimal arrangement of channels.
Analysis of the Problems Existing in Mechanical Structure Design of The Legged Mobile Robot
Authors: Xie MingJuan , Zhang ChunYan , Yin XingLu
Published: February 2018

Based on the analysis of the research background and current situation of the legged mobile robots at home and abroad, in this paper we discusses the existing research methods of the legged mobile robot in the mechanical structure design; discusses the mainproblems in the design of the mobile robot, and to focus on the emergence of instability and poor adaptability and obstacle-surmounting performance of the legged mobile robot to find the corresponding solution in the process of movement.
A computational study of the aerodynamic performance of a dragonfly forewing in gliding flight
Authors: Liu Huixiang , He Guoyi , Ma Chengyu , Wang Qi , Luo Yun
Published: February 2018

Gliding flight is a common mode of flight for dragonfly, the objective of the current research is to use numerical simulations to explore whether the corrugations have positive effect on aerodynamic performance of the dragonfly wings in gliding flight. In order to compare aerodynamic performance of the dragonfly wing and flat plate, a three-dimensional model of the dragonfly forewing and a three-dimensional flat plate with the same shape of the dragonfly forewing are established. The flow fields around three-dimensional dragonfly forewing and flat plate are simulated for Re=10000 and angles of attack changing from 0° to 25°(with an interval of 5°), numerical simulation indicate that aerodynamic performance of the dragonfly wing is slightly better than the flat plate over the entire range of parameters tested, especially the effect of the corrugateions on the flow is more evident at large angle of attack.
Nail or plate in the management of distal extra-articular tibial fracture, what is better? Valutation of outcomes
Authors: Bisaccia Michele , Cappiello Andrea , Meccariello Luigi , Rinonapoli Giuseppe , Falzarano Gabriele , Medici Antonio , Vicente Cristina Ibáñez , Piscitelli Luigi , Stano Verdiana , Bisaccia Olga , Caraffa Auro
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Distal tibial fractures are the most common long bone fractures. Several studies focusing on the methods of treatment of displaced distal tibial fractures have been published. To date, locked plates, intramedullary nails and external fixation are the three most used techniques. The aim of our study was to compare intramedullary nail (IMN) and locked plate (LP) for treatment of this kind of fracture.

Materials and methods: We collected data on 81 patients with distal tibial fractures (distance from the joint between 40 and 100 mm) and we divided into two groups: IMN and LP. We compared in the 2 groups the mean operation time, the mean union time, the infection rate the rate of malunion and nonunion, the full weight bearing time.

Results: No patient in the two groups developed a nonunion. None of the patients obtained a fair or poor outcome. Overall 52 patients obtained an excellent result (69.3%) and 23 obtained a good result (30.6%).

Discussion: Our study results indicate a superiority of IMN over LP in terms of lower rates of infections and statistically significant shorter time to full weight bearing. Whereas LP appeared to be advantageous over IMN in terms of leading to a better anatomical and fixed reductions of the fracture and a lower rate of union complications. The two treatments achieved comparable results in terms of operation time, hospital stay, union time and functional outcomes.
A Scalable Approach for the Synthesis of Epothilone Thiazole Fragment (C12–C21 unit) Via Wacker Oxidation
Authors: Yerrabelly Jayaprakash , Kommera Rajashekar , Kasireddy Venkateshwer , Ghojala Venkat , Bekkam Markandeya , Rebelli Pradeep
Published: February 2018

A new scalable synthesis of the common thiazole fragment (C12–C21 unit) of epothilone family of molecules (epothilone A–D) has been developed via palladium-catalyzed Wacker oxidation as a key step using (S)-2,2,3,3,9,9,10,10-octamethyl-5-vinyl-4,8-dioxa-3,9-disilaundecane, which has been prepared from commercially available chiral synthon (R)-ethyl-4-cyano-3-hydroxybutanoate. Then further chemical modifications using Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction and Wittig reaction result in the common thiazole fragment (C12–C21 unit) in good yields.
Thorakolumbale Frakturen – Fixateur perkutan
Authors: Blattert Thomas , Katscher Sebastian
Published: February 2018

Während Reposition und Stabilisierung von thorakolumbalen Wirbelfrakturen lange Zeit eine Domäne des offenen Vorgehens waren, haben sich perkutane Techniken zwischenzeitlich umfangreich etabliert. Neben den schon seit jeher klassischen MIS-Indikationen der temporären internen Stabilisierung wie zum Beispiel bei der ossären Chance-Verletzung, sind die Vorteile des minimalinvasiven Vorgehens mit ihrem weichteilschonenden Charakter zwischenzeitlich evidenzbasiert nachgewiesen. Dies hat zu einer deutlichen Erweiterung des Indikationsspektrums geführt, wie die Verwendung perkutaner Verfahren in der Alterstraumatologie oder der Initialstabilisierung polytraumatisierter Wirbelsäulenverletzter. War die Repositionsqualität früherer perkutaner Systeme bisweilen kompromissbehaftet, so haben sich die Implantate mittlerweile wesentlich weiterentwickelt und können unter Verwendung entsprechender externer Repositionshilfen nun eine den offenen Verfahren ebenbürtige Reposition erreichen. Zudem wurden minimalinvasive Dekompressionstechniken entwickelt, so dass auch die Notwendigkeit einer neben der Stabilisierung zusätzlichen Dekompression kein Grund zur Konversion mehr ist. Einer der wesentlichen Nachteile der perkutanen Insertion von Pedikelschrauben-Stab-Systemen gegenüber dem offenen Vorgehen ist die erhöhte Strahlenbelastung des OP-Personals. Dies lässt sich jedoch durch zusätzliche Verwendung intraoperativer Navigationssysteme deutlich relativieren.
Nicht kleinzelliges Lungenkarzinom – doppelte Resistenzentwicklung
Authors: Moeller M. , Siebolts U. , Wickenhauser C. , Schuette W.
Published: February 2018

Erworbene Resistenzen gegenüber Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren beim nicht kleinzelligen Lungenkarzinom entwickeln sich nach etwa 9 – 12 Monaten. In etwa 60 % der Fälle entstehen diese durch eine sekundäre EGFR-T790 M Resistenzmutation. In dieser Kasuistik wird der Fall einer Patientin mit einer Mutation im EGFR Exon 19 beschrieben. Es entwickeln sich unter TKI-Therapie 2 parallele Resistenzmechanismen. Zum einen eine T790M-Resistenzmutation, zum anderen die Transformation in ein kleinzelliges neuroendokrines Karzinom. Unter der Therapie mit Osimertinib sowie paralleler Chemotherapie mit Carboplatin und Etoposid konnte nach 2 Zyklen eine partielle Remission erzielt werden.
Variational theory of the tapered impedance transformer
Authors: Erickson Robert P.
Published: February 2018

Superconducting amplifiers are key components of modern quantum information circuits. To minimize information loss and reduce oscillations, a tapered impedance transformer of new design is needed at the input/output for compliance with other 50 Ω components. We show that an optimal tapered transformer of length ℓ, joining the amplifier to the input line, can be constructed using a variational principle applied to the linearized Riccati equation describing the voltage reflection coefficient of the taper. For an incident signal of frequency ωo, the variational solution results in an infinite set of equivalent optimal transformers, each with the same form for the reflection coefficient, each able to eliminate input-line reflections. For the special case of optimal lossless transformers, the group velocity vg is shown to be constant, with characteristic impedance dependent on frequency ωc = πvg/ℓ. While these solutions inhibit input-line reflections only for frequency ωo, a subset of optimal lossless transformers with ωo significantly detuned from ωc does exhibit a wide bandpass. Specifically, by choosing ωo → 0 (ωo → ∞), we obtain a subset of optimal low-pass (high-pass) lossless tapers with bandwidth (0, ∼ ωc) [(∼ωc, ∞)]. From the subset of solutions, we derive both the wide-band low-pass and high-pass transformers, and we discuss the extent to which they can be realized given fabrication constraints. In particular, we demonstrate the superior reflection response of our high-pass transformer when compared to other taper designs. Our results have application to amplifiers, transceivers, and other components sensitive to impedance mismatch.
Quantifying entanglement of rotor chains using basis truncation: Application to dipolar endofullerene peapods
Authors: Halverson Tom , Iouchtchenko Dmitri , Roy Pierre-Nicholas
Published: February 2018

We propose a variational approach for the calculation of the quantum entanglement entropy of assemblies of rotating dipolar molecules. A basis truncation scheme based on the total angular momentum quantum number is proposed. The method is tested on hydrogen fluoride (HF) molecules confined in C60 fullerene cages themselves trapped in a nanotube to form a carbon peapod. The rotational degrees of freedom of the HF molecules and dipolar interactions between neighboring molecules are considered in our model Hamiltonian. Both screened and unscreened dipoles are simulated and results are obtained for the ground state and one excited state that is expected to be accessible via a far-infrared collective excitation. The effect of basis truncation on energetic and entanglement properties is examined and discussed in terms of size extensivity. It is empirically found that for unscreened dipoles, a total angular momentum cutoff that increases linearly with the number of rotors is required in order to obtain proper system size scaling of the chemical potential and entanglement entropy. Recent experiments [A. Krachmalnicoff et al., Nat. Chem. 8, 953 (2016)] suggest substantial screening of the HF dipole moment, so much smaller basis sets are required to obtain converged results in this realistic case. Static correlation functions are also computed and are shown to decay much quicker in the case of screened dipoles. Our variational results are also used to test the accuracy of perturbative and pairwise ansatz treatments.
Stress-dependent crystal structure of lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction
Authors: Geiger Philipp T. , Khansur Neamul H. , Riess Kevin , Martin Alexander , Hinterstein Manuel , Webber Kyle G.
Published: February 2018

Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite La1-xSrxCo1-yFeyO3-δ (LSCF) is one of the most studied mixed ionic-electronic conductor materials due to electrical and transport properties, which are attractive for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), oxygen permeation membranes, and catalysis. The integration of such materials, however, depends on the thermal as well as mechanical behavior. LSCF exhibits nonlinear hysteresis during compressive stress-strain measurements, marked by a remanent strain and coercive stress, i.e., ferroelasticity. However, the origin of ferroelastic behavior has not been investigated under high compressive stress. This study, therefore, investigates the microscopic origin of stress-induced mechanical behavior in polycrystalline (La0.6Sr0.4)0.95Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ using in situ synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The data presented here reveals that the strain response originates from the intrinsic lattice strain as well as the extrinsic domain switching strain without any apparent change in crystallographic symmetry. A comparison of the calculated microscopic strain contribution with that of a macroscopic measurement indicates a significant change in the relative contributions of intrinsic and extrinsic strain depending on the applied stress state, i.e., under maximum stress and after unloading. Direct evidence of the microscopic origin of stress-strain response outlined in this paper may assist in guiding materials design with the improved mechanical reliability of SOFCs.
Dual-color short-wavelength infrared photodetector based on InGaAsSb/GaSb heterostructure
Authors: Nguyen T. D. , Kim J. O. , Kim Y. H. , Kim E. T. , Nguyen Q. L. , Lee S. J.
Published: February 2018

We report the spectral response characteristics of a dual–band infrared photodetector based on nBn photodiode configuration–with GaSb and InGaAsSb absorption layers and a ternary layer of AlGaSb that serves as unipolar barrier in between—which has independent access to both sides. The resulting structure has detection capability in the short-wavelength infrared ranges, cut-off wavelength of 1.6 μm (SWIR1; GaSb) and 2.65 μm (SWIR2; InGaAsSb) depending on the applied bias. The dual-band photodetector was evaluated by current–voltage (I–V) characteristics, spectral response, and detectivity (D*). The measured values of D* at 300 K were 2.3 × 1012 cm·Hz1/2·W−1 (at 1.5 μm) and 2.1 × 1011 cm·Hz1/2·W−1 (at 2.25 μm).