bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Valtrate attenuates arrhythmia after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion via inducing N-linked glycosylation modification of LTβR to suppress TNFSF14-induced reduction of Cx43
Authors: Zhang Jing , Xiong Xiaoqi , Li Jun , Luo Changjun , Su Qiang , Hao Xin , Wu Qiang , Huang Wanzhong
Published: December 2023

Background
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MIR)-induced arrhythmia remains a major cause of death in cardiovascular patients. The reduction of Cx43 has been known as a major inducer of arrhythmias after MIR, but the reason for the reduction of Cx43 remain largely unknown. This study aimed to find the key mechanism underlying the reduction of Cx43 after MIR and to screen out a herbal extract to attenuate arrhythmia after MIR.
Methods
The differential expressed genes in peripheral blood macrophages after MIR was analyzed using the data from several GEO datasets, followed by the identification in the peripheral blood macrophages and the serum of patients with myocardial infarction. TNFSF14 was not only increased but also associated to the injury after MIR. The toxic effects of TNFSF14 on cardiomyocytes was investigated in vitro. Valtrate was screened out from several herbal extracts. Its protection against TNFSF14-induced injury was evaluated in cardiomyocytes and animal models with MIR.
Results
Recombinant TNFSF14 protein not only suppressed cardiomyocytes’ viability, but also decreased Cx43 by stimulating the receptor LTβR. LTβR induces the competitive binding of MAX to MGA rather than the transcriptional factor c-Myc, thereby suppressing c-Myc-mediated transcription of Cx43. Valtrate promoted the N-linked glycosylation modification of LTβR, which reversed TNFSF14-induced reduction of Cx43 and attenuated arrhythmia after MIR.
Conclusion
Valtrate suppresses TNFSF14-induced reduction of Cx43 thereby attenuating arrhythmia after MIR.
Is Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion Superior to Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for the Treatment of Lumbar Degenerative Disease?
Authors: Wang Fei , Xu YangJun , Zhou Xiaoyu , Zhang SongOu , Gu XiaoPeng , Zhao XiaoFeng , Xie MingHua , Zhou Ping , Lu YangHu , Che Bin
Published: December 2023

Study Design:
Retrospective case‒control study.
Purpose
To compare oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (Mis-TLIF) approaches for the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease.
Methods
A total of 127 patients underwent single-level MIS TLIF, and 88 patients underwent OLIF with posterior bilateral percutaneous pedicle screws. Demographic characteristics, surgical information, and perioperative complications were compared between the OLIF and Mis-TLIF groups. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) were administered for clinical evaluations.
Results
Patients who underwent OLIF had a significantly shorter surgery time (93.1 ± 14.6 min vs. 111.1 ± 13.5 min), lower volume of blood loss (61.1 ± 15.5 ml vs. 169.0 ± 36.4 ml), fewer fluoroscopic times (23.2 ± 7.6 times vs. 42.9 ± 5.1 times), shorter hospital stay (3.1 ± 0.7 days vs. 5.1 ± 1.0 days), and earlier time to ambulation (1.9 ± 0.6 days vs. 3.6 ± 0.8 days) than those who underwent Mis-TLIF. Significant clinical improvement was observed in terms of scores on the VAS, ODI, and SF-36 when comparing the preoperative evaluation and the final follow-up. VAS back scores, ODI scores, and SF-36 scores were not significantly different between the OLIF and Mis-TLIF groups after one year of follow-up. Five patients suffered from cage subsidence in the OLIF group, while nineteen cases of cage subsidence occurred in the Mis-TLIF group.
Conclusions
Both OLIF and MIS-TLIF were effective approaches for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases. The OLIF procedure has a shorter operative time, lower blood loss, earlier time to ambulation, shorter hospital stay, and lower rate of cage subsidence than the MIS-TLIF procedure. There were no significant differences in long-term clinical evaluations between the OLIF and MIS-TLIF groups. However, it is very important for spine surgeons to choose the optimal surgical approach to achieve beneficial outcomes during the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.
Traditional Japanese Diet Score and the Sustainable Development Goals by a Global Comparative Ecological Study
Authors: Imai Tomoko , Miyamoto Keiko , Sezaki Ayako , Kawase Fumiya , Shirai Yoshiro , Abe Chisato , Sanada Masayo , Inden Ayaka , Sugihara Norie , Honda Toshie , Sumikama Yuta , Nosaka Saya , Shimokata Hiroshi
Published: December 2023

Background: Reducing the environmental impact of the food supply is important for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) worldwide. We developed the Traditional Japanese Diet Score (TJDS) and reported in a global ecological study that Japanese diet is associated with reducing obesity and extending healthy life expectancy etc. We then examined the relationship between the TJDS and environmental indicators.
Methods: Average food (g/day/capita) and energy supplies (kcal/day/capita) by country were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Statistics Division database. The TJDS was calculated from eight food groups (beneficial food components in the Japanese diet: rice, fish, soybeans, vegetables, and eggs; food components that are relatively unused in the traditional Japanese diet: wheat, milk, and red meat) by country using tertiles, and calculated the total score from -8 to 8, with higher scores means greater adherence to the TJDS. We used Land Use (m2), Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions 2007/2013 (kg CO2eq), Acidifying emissions (g SO2eq), Eutrophying emissions (g PO43- eq), Freshwater (L),, and water use (L) per food weight by Poore et al. as environmental indicators and multiplied these indicators by each country’s average food supply. We evaluated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between the TJDS and environmental indicators from 2010 to 2020. This study included 151 countries with populations ≥ 1 million.
Results: Land Use (β ± standard error; -0.623 ± 0.161, p<0.001), GHG 2007 (-0.149 ± 0.057, p<0.05), GHG 2013 (-0.183 ± 0.066, p<0.01), Acidifying (-1.111 ± 0.369, p<0.01), and Water use (-405.903 ± 101.416, p<0.001) were negatively associated with TJDS, and Freshwater (45.116 ± 7.866, p<0.001) was positively associated with TJDS after controlling for energy supply and latitude in 2010. In the longitudinal analysis, Land Use (β ± standard error; -0.116 ± 0.027, p<0.001), GHG 2007 (-0.040 ± 0.010, p<0.001), GHG 2013 (-0.048 ± 0.011, p<0.001), Acidifying (-0.280 ± 0.064, p<0.001), Eutrophying (-0.132 ± 0.062, p<0.05), and Water use (-118.246 ± 22.826, p<0.001) were negatively associated with TJDS after controlling for confounders.
Conclusions: This ecological study suggests that the traditional Japanese dietary pattern might improve SDGs except Fresh water.
Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology (Alliance) trial A022101/NRG-GI009: A pragmatic randomized phase III trial evaluating total ablative therapy for patients with limited metastatic colorectal cancer: evaluating radiation, ablation, and surgery (ERASur)
Authors: Hitchcock Kathryn E , Miller Eric D. , Shi Qian , Dixon Jesse G. , Gholami Sepideh , White Sarah B. , Wu Christina , Goulet Christopher C. , George Manju , Jee Kyung-Wook , Wright Chadwick L. , Yaeger Rona , Shergill Ardaman , Hong Theodore S. , George Thomas J. , O’Reilly Eileen M. , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Romesser Paul B.
Published: December 2023

Background: For patients with liver-confined metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), local therapy of isolated metastases has been associated with long-term progression-free and overall survival (OS). However, for patients with more advanced mCRC, including those with extrahepatic disease, the efficacy of local therapy is less clear although increasingly being used in clinical practice. Prospective studies to clarify the role of metastatic-directed therapies in patients with mCRC are needed.
Methods:The Evaluating Radiation, Ablation, and Surgery (ERASur) A022101/NRG-GI009 trial is a randomized, National Cancer Institute-sponsored phase III study evaluating if the addition of metastatic-directed therapy to standard of care systemic therapy improves OS in patients with newly diagnosed limited mCRC. Eligible patients require a pathologic diagnosis of CRC, have BRAF wild-type and microsatellite stable disease, and have 4 or fewer sites of metastatic disease identified on baseline imaging. Liver-only metastatic disease is not permitted. All metastatic lesions must be amenable to total ablative therapy (TAT), which includes surgical resection, microwave ablation, and/or stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) with SABR required for at least one lesion. Patients without overt disease progression after 16-26 weeks of first-line systemic therapy will be randomized 1:1 to continuation of systemic therapy with or without TAT. The trial activated through the Cancer Trials Support Unit on January 10, 2023. The primary endpoint is OS. Secondary endpoints include event-free survival, adverse events profile, and time to local recurrence with exploratory biomarker analyses. This study requires a total of 346 evaluable patients to provide 80% power with a one-sided alpha of 0.05 to detect an improvement in OS from a median of 26 months in the control arm to 37 months in the experimental arm with a hazard ratio of 0.7. The trial uses a group sequential design with two interim analyses for futility.
Discussion: The ERASur trial employs a pragmatic interventional design to test the efficacy and safety of adding multimodality TAT to standard of care systemic therapy in patients with limited mCRC.
Mobile electronics utilisation and life satisfaction among Chinese elderly people: community participation as a mediator and social network as a moderator
Authors: Zhou Jingjing , Zhang Huahua , Ren Shaochi
Published: December 2023

Background
Mobile electronics utilisation by elderly people has been shown to influence their life satisfaction; however, little is known about the roles of community participation and social networks in that influence. In particular, how the influence varies according to the social network density of elderly individuals has not been determined. This study responds to these questions by tapping community participation and social networks for their potential effects on the influence of elderly people’s mobile electronics utilisation on their life satisfaction.
Methods
Data on 10,819 individuals aged 60 or above were sorted from the 2020 China Longitudinal Ageing Social Survey. SPSS22.0 software was used to conduct descriptive and correlation analyses of the data. The mediating and moderating effects were tested with the use of SPSS PROCESS macro v3.4.1.
Results
After controlling for the sample’s sex, age, hukou, ethnicity, education, marital status, personal annual income, intergenerational relationships, self-rated health and activities of daily living, we found that mobile electronics utilisation by elderly people was positively related with their life satisfaction (r = 0.049, P < 0.001); that their community participation, either charitable or self-fulfilling, mediated that correlation; and that the density of their social networks significantly moderated that correlation.
Conclusions
To improve their life satisfaction, elderly people should be further familiarised with the use of mobile electronics. In addition, the resources of families and friends, neighbourhoods and society as a whole can be enlisted to help elderly people enjoy digital life by, for instance, setting up relevant courses, providing voluntary guidance and organising age-friendly social activities.
Mechanism of drug resistance to first-line chemotherapeutics mediated by TXNDC17 in neuroblastomas
Authors: Zeng Chengong , li zhuoran , Wei Zhiqing , Chen Tingting , Wang Juan , Huang Junting , Sun Feifei , Zhu Jia , Lu Suying , Zhen Zijun
Published: December 2023

Purpose
The prognosis of high-risk neuroblastomas (NB) that are resistant to first-line induction chemotherapy is relatively poor. This study explored the mechanism of resistance to first-line chemotherapeutics mediated by TXNDC17 and its potential solutions in NB.
Methods
The genetic and clinical data of patients with NB were obtained from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) dataset. TXNDC17 and BECN1 expressions in NB cells were up- and downregulated by transfection with plasmids and shRNA, respectively. Autophagy-related proteins were detected by western blot. Cell viability was determined using cell proliferation and toxicity experiments. Apoptotic cells were detected using flow cytometry.
Results
Overall, 1076 pediatric and adolescent patients with NB were enrolled in this study. The 10-year overall survival (OS) rates and event-free survival (EFS) rates for the patients with mutation of BECN1 were 37.4% ± 9.1% and 34.5% ± 8.8%, respectively. For patients with mutation of TXNDC17, the 10-year OS and EFS were 41.4% ± 5.9% and 24.3% ± 5.1%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the unaltered group. The overexpression of BECN1 and TXNDC17 reduced NB sensitivity to cisplatin (DDP), etoposide (VP16), and cyclophosphamide (CTX). Autophagy mediated by BECN1 was regulated by TXNDC17, and this process was involved in the resistance to DDP, VP16, and CTX in NB. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) can enhance the sensitivity of NB cells to chemotherapeutics by inhibiting TXNDC17, ultimately decreasing autophagy-mediated chemoresistance.
Conclusion
Acquired resistance to first-line chemotherapeutics was associated with autophagy mediated by BECN1 and regulated by TXNDC17, which can be reversed by SAHA.
WITHDRAWN: A first fatal case of acute myeloid leukemia combined with Laribacter hongkongensis bacteremia: a case report and literature review
Authors: Mo Lishai , Lu Fei , Wu Meiqing , Luo Meiling , Li Meng
Published: December 2023

Background: Laribacter hongkongensiswas initially isolated from the blood and pleural fluid samples of a patient with alcoholic liver cirrhosis in Hong Kong in 2001. Despite the low isolation rate in the population at present, the mortality rate of bacteremia caused by this pathogen has reached as high as 50%. To date, no documented cases have reported the co-occurrence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and L. hongkongensisbacteremia.
Case Presentation: A male patient with liver cirrhosis from southern China came for a medical consultation in the Department of Hematology due to a 10-dayfever. The immunohistochemical (IHC) and Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) examination results
indicated AML, which showed improvement following one year of induction and consolidation chemotherapy. However, after the completion of the second cycle of induction chemotherapy, the patient presented with a recurring fever, reaching a body temperature of 40°C. Blood culture results suggested Gram-negative bacilli and subsequent identification using MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed the presence of Laribacter hongkongensis. Unfortunately, the complex pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms remain unidentified, leading to fatal outcomes in our patients despite receiving meropenem treatment, which was chosen based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results.
Conclusions: We reported the first fatal case of AML combined with L. hongkongensis bacteremia based on liver disease. Hepatic dysfunction and the consumption of freshwater fish and frogs are commonly recognized as high-risk factors for infection. Therefore, strengthening preventive measures, early identification, and the appropriate utilization of antibiotics have emerged as crucial strategies for preventing and improving infections.
Assessing the causal relationship between gut microbiota and prostate cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Yijie , Long Zhaohui , Hong Yulong , Zhou Xing , Yang Guang , Tang Cheng , Qu Genyi , Li Yuan
Published: December 2023

Background
Numerous studies indicate that the gut microbiome is closely associated with prostate cancer (PCa), however, owing to various confounding factors, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and PCa remains unclear.
Methods
A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on the gut microbiota of 18,340 participants and GWAS summary statistics on PCa involving 46,3010 participants. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) served as the primary method, complemented by the MR-Egger method, weighted median method (WME), simple mode method (SM), and weighted mode method (WM). Finally, to confirm the robustness of the results, heterogeneity test, pleiotropy test, and leave-one-out sensitivity test were conducted.
Results
IVW analysis revealed that 12 gut microbial taxa were potentially causally associated with PCa; the genera Victivallis, Akkermansia, Odoribacter, Butyrivibrio, and the families Enterobacteriaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, as well as the orders Verrucomicrobiales, Enterobacteriales and the class Verrucomicrobiae, were found to be positively associated with PCa risk. Conversely, the genera Eubacterium ruminantium group, Candidatus Soleaferrea, and RuminococcaceaeUCG003 were negatively associated with PCa risk.
Conclusions
Our MR study's results support a genetically predicted causal relationship between the gut microbiota and PCa, and they identify 12 specific gut microbial taxa. These findings could offer new targets for PCa screening and treatment.
A retrospective analysis of breast cancer in pregnancy: a single center experience
Authors: Davila-Zablah Yesika , Avendano Daly , Sepulveda-Castañeda Gabriela , Sanchez-Siller Elena María , Garza-Montemayor Margarita , Marino Maria Adele
Published: December 2023

Purpose
This retrospective study analyzes the imaging features of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) using the 5th BI-RADS lexicon for mammography (MG), ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods
Medical records from the Breast Imaging Center of the TecSalud healthcare system, covering October 2006 to June 2020, were comprehensively reviewed. The study targeted eligible patients, specifically women with a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer whose initial symptoms manifested during pregnancy or the lactation period, typically within the first year after childbirth. Clinicopathological and imaging characteristics was recorded.
Results
The study included 39 patients, 41% diagnosed during pregnancy and 59% post-pregnancy, with a median age of 34 years and a positive family history of breast cancer in 36%. Tumor sizes ranged from < 0.5 cm to > 5 cm, with 90% classified as infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC). High-grade tumors constituted 85%, and triple-negative breast cancers were found in 36%. Axillary metastatic lymphadenopathy was present in 72%. Imaging findings showed high sensitivity for mammography (93.7%) and ultrasound (100%), while MRI revealed masses with heterogeneous enhancement in 88%. At diagnosis, 31% had metastasis, and 20% developed metastases within the first 3 years.
Conclusion
Prompt evaluation with ultrasound and biopsy of suspicious masses is crucial in pregnant or lactating patients, with both mammography and MRI deemed as safe and complementary imaging modalities for this patient population.
Exploring transition to practice for newly qualified midwives
Authors: Malott Anne M. , Murray-Davis Beth , RM Christine Sandor
Published: December 2023

Background: It can be overwhelming for newly qualified midwives to begin to work independently due to added responsibility and isolation. A support program was introduced in Ontario, Canada in July 2022 to provide educational resources, peer support and opportunities for reflection on clinical decision-making. This study assesses the extent to which the program assists transition through the first year of practice for new midwives.
Methods: We conducted qualitative semi-structured interviews and focus groups with newly qualified midwives and their mentors following a Grounded Theory Methodology for data collection and analysis.
Findings: Data collection from nine participants from July 1, 2022-June 1, 2023, produced four main themes: (1) peer support, (2) building relationships, (3) continuum of autonomous practice, and (4) value of resources which generated a theory explaining how participation in a community of practice (CoP) promotes confidence and enhances transition to autonomous practice for new midwives.
Conclusion: Support is critical for newly qualified midwives to build confidence, reduce isolation and promote adjustment socially and in practice. A CoP is an effective and valued approach to facilitating this process.
The Impact of a Student-Faculty Telehealth Program on Student Education and Patient Care
Authors: Dor Betty Ben , Zhang Andrew Y. , Tiu Bruce C. , Bahar Piroz , Shah Kavya M. , Cheloff Abraham Z. , Kruse Gina R. , Weinstein Amy R.
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives:
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented many opportunities for health professions students to gain proficiency in telemedicine while supporting patients. We evaluated the pedagogical impact of a diabetes telehealth program on patient and student satisfaction.
Methods
Health professions students were surveyed prior and after serving in a diabetes telemedicine program to assess satisfaction with the intervention and its educational impact. Post-program participant satisfaction was assessed via surveys.
Results
Of 54 students surveyed, there were 26 pre-program respondents and 10 post-program respondents. Post-program, students felt more capable of performing diabetes-focused histories and physicals (audio p = 0.03; video p = 0.01) and discussing blood glucose monitoring (audio p = 0.02; video p = 0.03). Students felt more comfortable counseling patients about lifestyle modification in video but not audio visits (video p = 0.03, audio p = 0.28). Student impressions of telemedicine effectiveness did not change post-program. Challenges student providers noted included continuity of care, technical difficulties, limitations in providing clinical support and decreased ability to develop rapport. Of 60 patients surveyed, 33 respondents noted the convenience of telehealth visits, patient-centeredness of the program and empathy of the student providers as key strengths.
Conclusions
Although student confidence in clinical skills improved and patients were satisfied with telemedicine, students’ satisfaction with telemedicine did not change after involvement. More work is needed to educate students on effective telehealth interventions and improve existing telehealth infrastructure to support patient-centered care.
HnRNPK is essential for Sertoli cells development and male fertility in mice
Authors: Zheng Yueqian , Cheng Xiaofang , Bai Yueyu , Guo Jiahua , Zhang Mengjia , Huang Yueru , Wang Yuxi , Li Quanxi , Xia Lianren , Wu Wenyan , Li Cencen , Zhang Pengpeng , Xu Haixia , Xu Yongjie
Published: December 2023

Background:Sertoli cells (SCs), a type of somatic supporting cells situated within the spermatogenic niche, play a crucial role in the maturation of germ cells. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms governing the development of SCs and their impact on spermatogenesis remain incompletely understood.Results:In this study, we have identified hnRNPK, a multifunctional protein involved in signal transduction and gene expression regulation, as a significant novel regulatory factor in the development of neonatal SCs and pre-pubertal testicular growth in mice. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the roles played by hnRNPK in spermatogenesis, we conducted a thorough investigation utilizing SCs specificHnrnpkknockout mice, which were obtained through the crossing ofHnrnpkflox/floxmice withAmh-Cre mice. The findings demonstrated that the absence ofHnrnpkin SCs had a significant impact on various aspects, including the proliferation and localization of SCs, the organization of seminiferous tubules, the occurrence of apoptotic cell death in both SCs and germ cells within the tubules, as well as the reduction in testis size and overall fecundity. Through the integration of RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis, our study has unveiled the dysregulation of the transcriptome-wide expression of crucial genes involved in the control of SCs and germ cells fate. These genes encompass various processes, including cell-cell adhesion, cell proliferation and migration, piRNA processing, SC differentiation, and secretion.Conclusions:Our findings highlight the indispensable role of hnRNPK in SCs for the development of the testis and also shed light on a previously unknown function of hnRNPK in male germ cell survival and differentiation, specifically by modulating cell-cell communication.
Gene mutations and clinical features of pediatric sitosterolemia
Authors: Gu Rui , Wang Hui , Wang Chun-Lin , Lu Mei , Miao Miao , Huang Meng-Na , Chen Yi , Dai Yang-Li , Zhu Ming-Qiang , Zhou Qiong , Zou Chao-Chun
Published: December 2023

Objective To improve the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of childhood sitosterolemia by analyzing the phenotypes and genotypes in Chinese pediatric patients with sitosterolemia. Methods The cohort included 26 children with sitosterolemia, 24 of whom underwent genetic testing. Their family history, clinical features, and biochemical indicators, including liver function, blood fat, routine blood test, phytosterol analysis, cardiac and carotid artery ultrasound, fundus examination, genetic analysis results and therapy, were collected and analyzed. Results Among 26 patients, the most common manifestation was xanthomas, which were found in 19 (73.1%). Others were arthralgia (7, 26.9%) and growth retardation (4, 15.4%). Among 24 (92.3%) patients who underwent genetic analysis, 16 (%) hadABCG5mutations (type 2), and 8 (34.8%) hadABCG8mutations (type 1). Moreover, the c.1166G > A (p. Arg389His) ofABCG5was the most hot spot mutation, which was found in 10 patients (66.7%). There were no significant differences in clinical manifestations or laboratory tests between type 1 and type 2 (all p > 0.05). Nonsense mutations were more likely inABCG5, with a marginally significant difference (p = 0.09), while splicing mutations were more common inABCG8(p = 0.01). After diet or conjointed ezetimibe treatment, there was a significant decrease in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared to before treatment. Conclusion In patients with xanthomas and elevated cholesterol, sitosterolemia needs to be considered. Phytosterols and genetic testing should be performed for early diagnosis. Diet control and treatment with ezetimibe can relieve the disease. A larger clinical sample was used to investigate the relationship between genotype and phenotype.
Application of SS- OCTA to evaluate the effects of long- term hydroxychloroquine treatment on retinal structure and microcirculation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Li Xuemei , Xiong Chao , Luo Shuilin , Chen Yunxiu , Li Min , Wang Shiyi , Wang Yaohua , Wang Zhilin , Wu Rui , Liao Hongfei
Published: December 2023

Propose The application of swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA)technique is used to detect the effects of long-term use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on retinal structure and microcirculation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) before visual dysfunction occurs.
Methods Retrospective case-control study. A total of 73 SLE patients (73 eyes) who had taken HCQ regularly for a long period of time were included as the SLE patient group, while 21 healthy individuals (21 eyes) were included as the control group. Based on the duration of HCQ use (HCQ course), the SLE patient group was divided into baseline group(6 months ≤ medication time< 1 year), low-risk group ( 1 year ≤ medication time < 5 years), and high-risk group (medication time ≥ 5 years). All participants underwent bilateral SS-OCTA macular imaging(6mm*6mm), slit-lamp examination, non-contact tonometry, computerized visual field (30-2) test, and fundus autofluorescence imaging (FAF).
Results Compared with the control group, the thickness of the inner retina of the central fovea, the inner retina of the parafoveal area, and the outer retina in three areas, as well as the superficial vessel density in the central fovea, inner ring below, and outer ring were decreased in the SLE patient group,while the FAZ area and circumference increased (P<0.05). In comparison to the SLE patients, the high-risk group showed a decrease in the inner retinal thickness, full retinal thickness of the macular area (6mm*6mm), and shallow retinal blood flow density in the central foveal area, temporal periphery, and superior periphery. Additionally, the FAZ (foveal avascular zone) area and perimeter increased (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the duration of SLE, cumulative dose of HCQ and the thickness of the total retina in three regions including inner retinal layer, central foveal area, and inner superior and temporal quadrant SCP-VD were negatively correlated (r<0, P<0.05), while the FAZ area and perimeter were positively correlated (r>0, P<0.05).
Conclusion Analysis by SS-OCTA examination showed that long-term HCQ treatment had adverse effects on the inner retina, SCP-VD and FAZ parameters in subclinical SLE patients without visual impairment.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL METABOLIC FACTORS IN THE NORMOGLYCEMIC, PRE-DIABETIC, AND DIABETIC METABOLIC POPULATION
Authors: Sorout Jitender , Kacker Sudhanshu , Saboo Neha , Kumar Munesh
Published: December 2023

Background: The term "metabolic syndrome" (MetS) describes a collection of risk factors with metabolic origins that increase the chance of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Diabetes is becoming more prevalent in underdeveloped countries, which challenges already limited health expenditures.
Aim and Objective: To determine the burden of anthropometric and biochemical metabolic risk factors in normoglycemic, pre diabetics and diabetics metabolic population.
Material and Methods: Study conducted in Physiology Department at RUHS College of Medical Sciences and associated hospital, Jaipur, after receiving the Ethical Clearance. The study's sample size was 300. Parameters recorded for data collection: anthropometric (Body Mass Index, Waist Hip Ratio), Blood pressure, biochemical (Fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, Lipid profile parameters).
Result: 300 metabolic syndrome subjects were divided into three groups based on their Fasting Blood Glucose level and HbA1C level according to the American Diabetes Association for Diabetes Classification as normal [79 (26.33%)], pre-diabetic [85 (28.33%)], and diabetic [136 (45.33%)].There was significant difference of mean values of age, Waist Hip Ratio, Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure, Fasting Blood Glucose, HbA1C, total cholesterol, High Density Lipoprotein, Low Density Lipoprotein and Triglyceride in three groups.
Conclusion: According to the findings of the current study, the metabolic population of pre-diabetics and diabetics has a greater prevalence of metabolic risk factors. The metabolic risk factors grows when fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels rise. It can also be said that these risk factors contribute to the onset of diabetes, which leads to metabolic syndrome.
Integrity Disclosure in Banking Companies in Indonesia
Authors: Utami Intiyas , Pranata Christina Seva , Alinsari Natasia
Published: December 2023

Fraudulent practices such as corruption can lead losses and are one of the obstacles to achieving company goals. This has a lot to do with a lack of integrity. Integrity is a concept related to a commitment to comply with the ethics, values, and norms in society. The purpose of this study is to identifythe integrity disclosure in banking companies in Indonesia. The research method is content analysis based on information from the bank’s official website. The measurement uses the Integrity Framework Disclosure Index (IFDi) which includes 13 indicators with 47 disclosure items. Integrity disclosure measurement is conducted on 107 online websites of Indonesian banking companies that are registered in the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The results of this study indicate that integrity disclosure in banking companies in Indonesia is high with an average score of 37 out of 47 disclosure items, or 79.44%. The state-owned bank group has the highest integrity disclosure with an average score of 44.25 out of 47 disclosure items.
Business Email Compromise (BEC) Fraud and How to Prevent it
Authors: Susanti Dwi Siska , Subandi Fitria Errinandini , Failasufa Naila , Putri Wibi Anska
Published: December 2023

Cybercrime is on the rise both at the national and cross-border levels. The latest mode of cybercrime is fraud using Business Email Compromise (BEC). A qualitive analysis method with literature study is applied to discuss two key questions of this paper. First, how does the BEC scheme occur?. Second, how an organization/company can prevent/mitigate the risk of BEC fraud. This paper concludes that BEC can be executed in the form of phishing emails sent by perpetrators (both internal and external actors of the organization) to the target victim (organization’s employees) in order to deceive and obtain financial gain. Various efforts can be made by an organization/company to prevent the risk of BEC fraud, among others in the form of implementing a risk management system, implementing an information security management system, and increasing the organization’s internal awareness.
The Effect of Hexagon Fraud Theory Components of Academic Fraud for Accounting Department Students with Gender as a Control Variable
Authors: Firmansyah Muh Fitrah Ananda , Oktarina Dian
Published: December 2023

Academic fraud refers to dishonest and unethical behavior exhibited by individuals in the academic realm, primarily for personal gain. Such fraudulent activities can harm the public’s perception of college graduates. This study aims to investigate the impact of the hexagon fraud theory component on academic fraud among students studying accounting. The data collection for this study involves quantitative and survey methodologies. The study’s analysis is conducted using SEM PLS. The study had the participation of 153 students pursuing a bachelor’s degree in accounting. The results of the study reveal that capability, arrogance, and collusion have a significant impact on academic fraud. However, academic fraud remains unaffected by pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and gender
UMA DISCUSSÃO ABRANGENTE DO PROCESSO DA VALIDAÇÃO E ANÁLISE DE ATRIBUTOS DE LIVROS NO PNLD
Authors: Sobrinho Álvaro , Ibert Bittencourt Ig , Pedro da Silva Alan , Dermeval Diego , Brandão Marques Leonardo , Carvalho Melo da Silveira Andressa , Cézar Ianzer Rodrigues Nadja , Carolina Silva e Souza Ana , Ferreira Rafael , Isotani Seiji
Published: December 2023

O objetivo com este artigo é avaliar, de maneira qualitativa e quantitativa, o processo de validação e de análise de atributos, que compõe a etapa de Triagem do Programa Nacional do Livro e do Material Didático. O processo atual precisa de melhorias, considerando que é impactado pela expansão gradual da quantidade e variedade de materiais inscritos, o que gera riscos de redução da qualidade nas entregas e de aumento do tempo para conclusão das tarefas. Esse problema é discutido com base na identificação de causas documentadas em um diagrama de Ishikawa e na apresentação de evidências.
Plane waves in an isotropic thermoelastic diffusive material using strain gradient theory
Authors: Singh Baljeet , Singla Himanshu
Published: December 2023

The governing equations of motion for an isotropic strain-gradient thermoelastic material with diffusion are formulated in context of Lord and Shulman generalization of thermoelasticity and are further specialised for a two dimensional plane. Plane harmonic solution of the governing equations in two-dimension suggests the existence of five plane waves which include four coupled longitudinal waves and a shear vertical wave. A numerical example is considered to illustrate graphically the effect of frequency, measure constant of diffusion, measure constant of thermo-diffusion, thermal relaxation time, diffusive relaxation time and the coefficients of hyperstress tensor on the phase speed and attenuation coefficients of the plane waves.
Deciphering Potential Role of Hippo Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer: A
Comprehensive Review
Authors: Bhavnagari Hunayna , Raval Apexa , Shah Franky
Published: December 2023

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and a leading malignancy around the world. It is a vital
cause of untimely mortality among women. Drug resistance is the major challenge for effective cancer therapeutics.
In contrast, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are one of the reasons for drug resistance, tumor progression,
and metastasis. The small population of CSCs present in each tumor has the ability of self-renewal, differentiation,
and tumorigenicity. CSCs are often identified and enriched using a variety of cell surface markers (CD44,
CD24, CD133, ABCG2, CD49f, LGR5, SSEA-3, CD70) that exert their functions by different regulatory networks,
i.e., Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, hedgehog (Hh), and Hippo signaling pathways. Particularly the Hippo signaling
pathway is the emerging and very less explored cancer stem cell pathway. Here, in this review, the Hippo
signaling molecules are elaborated with respect to their ability of stemness as epigenetic modulators and
how these molecules can be targeted for better cancer treatment and to overcome drug resistance.
Quinolone Tethered 1,2,3-triazole Conjugates: Design, Synthesis, and Computational
Docking Studies on New Heterocycles as Potent Antimicrobial Targets
Authors: Basireddy Avanthi , Allaka Tejeswara Rao , Allam Avekananda Reddy , Baddam Sudhakar Reddy , Basireddy Sravanthi , Kishore Pilli Veera Venkata Nanda
Published: December 2023

The synthesis and biological properties of molecules simultaneously comprising
various heterocycles, such as fused 2-quinolones and 1,2,3-triazoles, have been evaluated
as a part of our ongoing research in medicinal and organic chemistry. We were successful
in developing a synthetic procedure for 1,2,3-triazole substituted quinolone derivatives. Infrared,
proton, and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy and elemental
analysis were used to characterise the structures of the recently synthesised triazole derivatives.
From screening results, all the compounds demonstrated increased antibacterial action
against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, 1,2,3-triazoles
linked to tert-butyl benzyl (3a), trifluoromethyl benzyl (3b), 3-chlorobenzyl (3c), 4-
hydroxy-3-nitrobenzyl (6b), 4-hydroxy-4-trifluoromethylbenzyl (6d), and 4-hydroxy-2,4-
difluorobenzyl (6e) compounds showed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities with MICs values of
1.07-4.33 μg/mL. The prepared ligand 4-hydroxy-2,4-difluoro benzyl-1,2,3-triazole (6e) exhibited the highest
docking score of -6.34 kcal/mol and showed interacting amino acid residues ArgB:1122, MetB:1121, AspB:1083,
TryB:1087, AlaB:1118, AlaB:1120, GluB:1088, GlyB:1117, SerB:1084, and AlaB:1119 within the active site of 2XCT. Final
scaffolds were further evaluated for their ADMET and physicochemical properties by using ADMETlab2.0
and SwissADME web servers as good oral bioavailability drugs.
Novel Chalcone Derivatives Containing Pyridone and Thiazole Moieties: Design,
Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Borik Rita M.
Published: December 2023

A new series of chalcones 4a-i; 6a,b, and 8 was synthesized from the condensation
of ketone 2, which was prepared from the reaction of thiourea derivative 1 with 3-
chloropentane-2,4-dione in MeOH at reflux temperature, with substituted aromatic/
heterocycle aldehydes in EtOH containing NaOH at room temperature. Antimicrobial
and antioxidant activities were assessed for the synthesized compounds. The antimicrobial
susceptibility tests revealed that compounds (4c, 4e, 4f, and 4i) exhibited good to excellent
activity against C. albicans, S. aureus ATCC25923, E. faecalis ATCC29212, P. aeruginosa
ATCC10145, and S. mutans ATCC25175. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed using
the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging methods. Compounds (4b, 4c, 4d, and 4e) proved
to be better at scavenging DPPH and ABTS. This study involved in-silico drug-likeness and
physicochemical properties and evaluated their ADMET profiles. According to the results of the molecular
docking simulation, the synthesized compounds showed lower binding energy at the active sites of Dihydropteroate
synthase, Sortase A, LasR, and Penicillin-binding protein pockets, which suggests that they may have an
inhibitory effect on the enzymes and show promise as antimicrobial agents.
Unlocking Multifunctional Advantages with Nanocomposites Coatings for Solar
Cells: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Regmi Ganesh
Published: December 2023

Nanocomposite coatings have garnered considerable attention as a versatile and
innovative solution for addressing the challenges faced by solar cell technologies. This review
article provides a comprehensive overview of the multifunctional advantages that
nanocomposite coatings offer in the realm of solar cell technology. Furthermore, it delves
into the myriad benefits that nanocomposite coatings bring to the table, including enhanced
light absorption, improved charge carrier dynamics, and augmented protection against environmental
factors such as moisture, UV radiation, and thermal stress. The review also discusses
the diverse materials and fabrication methods employed in the development of nanocomposite
coatings, highlighting their unique properties and practical applications with
multifunctional benefits. Moreover, this comprehensive review explores recent advances in
the field, encompassing the integration of novel nanomaterials, smart coatings, and multifunctional strategies
that enable solar cells to simultaneously exhibit multiple desirable traits. Besides, the review offers insights into
future prospects and challenges, presenting a roadmap for harnessing the full potential of nanocomposite coatings
in solar cell technology. By unlocking the multifunctional advantages of nanocomposite coatings, this review
aims to catalyze further research and innovation, ultimately advancing the prospects of sustainable and
efficient solar energy generation.
The Impacts and Changes Related to the Cancer Drug Resistance Mechanism
Authors: Varshney Prachi , Sharma Vishal , Yadav Devdhar , Kumar Yogesh , Singh Amit , Kagithala Naga Rani , Sharma Pramod Kumar , Porwal Omji , Fuloria Neeraj Kumar , Sharma Pradeep Kumar , Gupta Ashok Kumar , GSN Koteswara Rao
Published: December 2023

Background:

Cancer drug resistance remains a difficult barrier to effective treatment, necessitating
a thorough understanding of its multi-layered mechanism.

Objective:

This study aims to comprehensively explore the diverse mechanisms of cancer drug resistance, assess
the evolution of resistance detection methods, and identify strategies for overcoming this challenge. The
evolution of resistance detection methods and identification strategies for overcoming the challenge.

Methods:

A comprehensive literature review was conducted to analyze intrinsic and acquired drug resistance
mechanisms, including altered drug efflux, reduced uptake, inactivation, target mutations, signaling pathway
changes, apoptotic defects, and cellular plasticity. The evolution of mutation detection techniques, encompassing
clinical predictions, experimental approaches, and computational methods, was investigated. Strategies to
enhance drug efficacy, modify pharmacokinetics, optimizoptimizee binding modes, and explore alternate protein
folding states were examined.

Results:

The study comprehensively overviews the intricate mechanisms contributing to cancer drug resistance.
It outlines the progression of mutation detection methods and underscores the importance of interdisciplinary
approaches. Strategies to overcome drug resistance challenges, such as modulating ATP-binding cassette
transporters and developing multidrug resistance inhibitors, are discussed. The study underscores the critical
need for continued research to enhance cancer treatment efficacy.

Conclusion:

This study provides valuable insights into the complexity of cancer drug resistance mechanisms,
highlights evolving detection methods, and offers potential strategies to enhance treatment outcomes.
Sesamol: A Phenolic Compound of Health Benefits and Therapeutic
Promise in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Javed Hayate , Meeran Mohamed Fizur Nagoor , Jha Niraj Kumar , Ashraf Ghulam Md , Ojha Shreesh
Published: December 2023

Sesamol, one of the key bioactive ingredients of sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.),
is responsible for many of its possible nutritional benefits. Both the Chinese and Indian medical
systems have recognized the therapeutic potential of sesame seeds. It has been shown to have significant
therapeutic potential against oxidative stress, inflammatory diseases, metabolic syndrome,
neurodegeneration, and mental disorders. Sesamol is a benign molecule that inhibits the expression
of inflammatory indicators like numerous enzymes responsible for inducing inflammation,
protein kinases, cytokines, and redox status. This review summarises the potential beneficial effects
of sesamol against neurological diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s
disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD). Recently, sesamol has been shown to reduce amyloid
peptide accumulation and attenuate cognitive deficits in AD models. Sesamol has also been
demonstrated to reduce the severity of PD and HD in animal models by decreasing oxidative
stress and inflammatory pathways. The mechanism of sesamol's pharmacological activities
against neurodegenerative diseases will also be discussed in this review.
Older PLHIV are at Higher Cardiovascular Risk with Poor Quality of Life
Authors: Shabil Muhammed , Murti Krishna , Kumar V Udaya , Kumar Rishikesh , Kumar Nitesh , Dhingra Sameer , Parihar Vipan Kumar , Ravichandiran V , Pandey Krishna
Published: December 2023

Background:::

People with HIV (PLHIV) face increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk due to inflammation and immune activation. Aging further amplifies this risk. Limited data exist on CVD risk in older PLHIV in India despite 2.14 million PLHIV with higher CVD risk factors.

Methods:::

In a cross-sectional study in Bihar, India, 73 PLHIV and 30 control participants were enrolled. Demographics, social factors, clinical information, and CVD risk factors were collected. HbA1c levels and lipid profiles were analyzed, and 10-year CVD risk scores were calculated using the Framingham risk score (FRS) and Qrisk3. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed using WHOQOL- HIV-BREF.

Results:::

Results showed higher LDL levels in non-HIV older participants and higher HDL levels in younger PLHIV participants. BMI differed significantly, with higher BMI in non-HIV older individuals and lower BMI in younger PLHIV individuals. Older PLHIV participants had significantly higher mean FRS and Q-Risk scores compared to older non-PLHIV and younger PLHIV groups. Among older PLHIV participants, six had higher CVD risk per FRS, while none in the other groups were classified as high CVD risk. Psychological, social relations and spirituality domains were highly deteriorated in older PLHIV, scoring 44.48, 42.72, and 41.2, respectively. The physical domain scored 57.6, and the environment scored 52.72 in the WHOQOL-HIV bref.

Conclusion:::

In conclusion, older PLHIV in Bihar, India, face higher CVD risk compared to younger PLHIV and non-HIV individuals. FRS and Q-Risk scores effectively assessed CVD risk, identifying higher risk in older PLHIV. Age and BMI were significant predictors of high CVD risk. These findings emphasize CVD risk assessment and tailored management for older PLHIV. The QoL assessment findings indicate moderate deterioration in psychological, social relations, and spirituality domains among older PLHIV individuals. These results suggest greater challenges in psychological well-being, social interactions, and spirituality compared to the overall sample. Further research with larger samples and longitudinal designs is needed to confirm and extend these findings.