bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Big data: what it can and cannot achieve
Authors: Schofield Peter , Das-Munshi Jayati
Published: June 2018

This article looks at the use of large datasets of health records, typically linked with other data sources, in mental health research. The most comprehensive examples of this kind of ‘big data’ are typically found in Scandinavian countries, although there are also many useful sources in the UK. There are a number of promising methodological innovations from studies using big data in UK mental health research, including: hybrid study designs, data linkage and enhanced study recruitment. It is, however, important to be aware of the limitations of research using big data, particularly the various pitfalls in analysis. We therefore caution against abandoning traditional research designs, and argue that other data sources are equally valuable and, ideally, research should incorporate data from a range of sources.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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Be aware of major big data resources relevant to mental health research

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Be aware of key advantages and innovative study designs using these data sources

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Understand the inherent limitations to studies reliant on big data alone

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

None.
Meaningful patient engagement
Authors: Gerada Clare
Published: June 2018

Holding a medical degree does not magically protect the individual from ever becoming unwell or needing medical help. However, for various reasons, most of which relate to personal, professional and institutional stigma, doctors are often denied the care they so readily provide to their own patients. The author has been running a ‘sick doctor’ service for 10 years and this article describes, from the practitioner-patient perspective, the barriers to care and what can be done to improve doctors' access to services.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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Appreciate the external and internal risk factors for mental illness in doctors

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Understand why doctors do not attend for care when mentally unwell

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Acknowledge how mentally ill doctors are exposed to stigma and how this can be overcome

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

C.G. is a partner of the Hurley Group who won the contract for PHP in 2008 and is employed by and leads the NHS Practitioner Health Programme.
Simultaneous Optimization of Container Ship Sailing Speed and Container Routing with Transit Time Restrictions
Authors: Karsten Christian Vad , Ropke Stefan , Pisinger David
Published: June 2018

We introduce a decision support tool for liner shipping companies to optimally determine the sailing speed and needed fleet for a global network. We incorporate cargo routing decisions with tight transit time restrictions on each container such that we get a realistic picture of the utilization of the network. Furthermore, we show that it is possible to extend the model to include optimal time scheduling decisions such that the time associated with transshipments is also reflected accurately. To solve the speed optimization problem, we propose an exact algorithm based on Benders decomposition and column generation that exploits the separability of the problem. Computational results show that the method is applicable to liner shipping networks of realistic size and that it is important to incorporate cargo routing decisions when optimizing speed.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2018.0818 .
A new species of the genus Mahanarva Distant, 1909 (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Cercopidae), with a key to the species from Central America and Mexico
Authors: Castro-Valderrama Ulises , Peck Daniel C. , Carvalho Gervasio Silva , Valdez–Carrasco Jorge Manuel , Romero–Nápoles Jesús
Published: June 2018

The genus Mahanarva Distant, 1909 (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea: Cercopidae) currently includes two subgenera: Mahanarva Distant, 1909 with 38 species and six subspecies, and Ipiranga Fennah, 1968 with nine species. The Manaharva species are all from the Americas, and a few species are important pests in pasture grasses and sugarcane. There are no reports of any Manaharva species from North America, including Mexico and areas to the north. Here, a new species is described from Mexico and a key to the species of Mahanarva from Central America and Mexico is proposed.
Fenômenos de Contato da Língua entre Espanhol e Português
Authors: Vasconcelos Rita de Cássia Freire de Melo , Simões Antonia Barros Gibson , Silva Henrique Miguel De Lima , Silva Danielli Cristina De  Lima , Ferrari Neto José
Published: June 2018

A pesquisa analisou o comportamento linguístico do falante de língua portuguesa, interferindo no uso da língua espanhola, observando os fenômenos de contato das línguas, durante uma entrevista com um grupo de oito alunos do 1º e 4º períodos, do Curso de Letras/Espanhol, da Universidade de Pernambuco Campus Mata Norte (UPE – Campus Mata Norte) – Brasil, no segundo semestre de 2013, selecionados através de um sorteio entre os 29 (vinte e nove) alunos matriculados. A entrevista foi conduzida em espanhol, com perguntas pré-estabelecidas. Os resultados mostraram que, na maioria das respostas, houve ocorrência do fenômeno analisado, como empréstimo na língua espanhola e, entre os grupos pesquisados, as maiores diferenças ocorreram nas perguntas P4 e P6, sendo que a frequência de fenômenos de contatos ocorridos foram três casos a mais no 1° período na P4 e três casos mais elevados no 4° período na P6. Para a margem de erro (fenômenos de contato) fixada (5%) não foram registradas diferenças significativas entre os períodos (p > 0,05).
A Contribuição dos Recursos de Coesão para o Leitor Durante o Processo de Construção da Representação Textual
Authors: Simões Antonia Barros Gibson , Lima Henrique Miguel De , Silva Silva Danielli Cristina De  Lima , Vasconcelos Rita de Cássia Freire de Melo
Published: June 2018

Partindo do pressuposto de que, a partir de fragmentos do texto, o usuário da língua aplica estratégias para compreendê-lo (DIJK  e KINTSCH, 1983), notamos que os conectivos podem influenciar na construção representacional do texto. A representação textual, construída durante a leitura (processamento) do texto, precisa ser coerente, neste sentido, os conectivos,  existindo em função coerência textual,  manifestam, explicitamente, como o leitor deverá relacionar os conteúdos dispostos em um texto, por isso devem ser relevantes para o leitor durante o processo de estabelecimento da coerência textual. A fim de refletirmos sobre a contribuição dos recursos de coesão durante a compreensão do texto, propomos, no presente trabalho,  um diálogo entre os textos Strategies of Discourse Comprehension (DIJK  e KINTSCH,1983) e The Semantics and Pragmatics of Functional Coherence in Discourse. (DIJK, 1980)- no que concerne à necessidade de construção representacional do texto- e a pesquisa psicolinguística sobre processamento textual, mais especificamente o processamento de conectivos, proposta e reportada por Sanders e Noordman e Vonk (1996). Por meio dos resultados encontrados pelos autores (NOORDMAN  e VONK, 1996) percebemos contribuições- significativas estatisticamente- dos recursos de coesão, do tipo conectivos, durante o processamento  textual que atestariam a relevância destes itens linguísticos na construção da representação mental do texto.
Vulnerabilidade intrínseca dos aquíferos no município de Piracicaba, através do método GOD
Authors: Garcia Claudinei , Da Conceição Fabiano Tomazini , Palcheco Peixoto Anna Silvia
Published: June 2018

A carência de estudos relacionados aos recursos hídricos subterrâneos em Piracicaba, onde as crescentes demandas evidenciam situação de gargalo até 2035, alinhou a busca da avaliação da vulnerabilidade intrínseca das águas subterrâneas no município de Piracicaba através do método GOD (Groundwater hydraulic confinement; Overlaying strata; Depth to groundwater table), tendo como base o cadastro de poços profundos outorgados, a caracterização pedológica e litológica, e dados de uso do solo trabalhados em ambiente computacional. Os resultados gerados pela ferramenta determinística, revelam que 86% da área do município possui vulnerabilidade intrínseca com índices entre insignificante e baixa. Os resultados auferidos, embora contextuais, objetivam em síntese identificar os locais onde é pertinente se intensificar recursos e esforços para estudos complementares e conclusivos, e constituem primeiro passo importante para a caracterização e avaliação dos riscos aos recursos hídricos subterrâneos locais
Acerca de la inconmensurabilidad y traducción
Authors: Padilla Elizabeth
Published: June 2018

Kuhn propone en “Conmensurabilidad, comparabilidad y comunicabilidad” la estrategia de distinguir entre interpretación y traducción para responder a las críticas realizadas a su tesis de la inconmensurabilidad entre teorías científicas sucesivas. Esto lo lleva a considerar que la tradición analítica -ejemplificada en Quine de Palabra y Objeto- confunde ambos procesos. Me propongo revisar si es que puede atribuírsele a este autor la confusión señalada, para evaluar a partir de ello la pertinencia de las características que Kuhn le atribuye a la interpretación como reaseguro de la inconmensurabilidad en su versión local.
Early Abrogation of Gelatinase Activity Extends the Time Window for tPA Thrombolysis after Embolic Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice
Authors: Chen Shanyan , Chen Zhenzhou , Cui Jiankun , McCrary Myah L. , Song Hailong , Mobashery Shahriar , Chang Mayland , Gu Zezong
Published: June 2018

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is caused by clotting in the cerebral arteries, leading to brain oxygen deprivation and cerebral infarction. Recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is currently the only Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for ischemic stroke. However, tPA has to be administered within 4.5 h from the disease onset and delayed treatment of tPA can increase the risk of neurovascular impairment, including neuronal cell death, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and hemorrhagic transformation. A key contributing factor for tPA-induced neurovascular impairment is activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). We used a clinically-relevant mouse embolic model of focal-cerebral ischemia by insertion of a single embolus of blood clot to block the right middle cerebral artery. We showed that administration of the potent and highly selective gelatinase inhibitor SB-3CT extends the time window for administration of tPA, attenuating infarct volume, mitigating BBB disruption, and antagonizing the increase in cerebral hemorrhage induced by tPA treatment. We demonstrated that SB-3CT attenuates tPA-induced expression of vascular MMP-9, prevents gelatinase-mediated cleavage of extracellular laminin, rescues endothelial cells, and reduces caveolae-mediated transcytosis of endothelial cells. These results suggest that abrogation of MMP-9 activity mitigates the detrimental effects of tPA treatment, thus the combination treatment holds great promise for extending the therapeutic window for tPA thrombolysis, which opens the opportunity for clinical recourse to a greater number of patients.
Accuracy of Genomic Prediction for Foliar Terpene Traits in Eucalyptus polybractea
Authors: Kainer David , Stone Eric A , Padovan Amanda , Foley William J , Külheim Carsten
Published: June 2018

Unlike agricultural crops, most forest species have not had millennia of improvement through phenotypic selection, but can contribute energy and material resources and possibly help alleviate climate change. Yield gains similar to those achieved in agricultural crops over millennia could be made in forestry species with the use of genomic methods in a much shorter time frame. Here we compare various methods of genomic prediction for eight traits related to foliar terpene yield in Eucalyptus polybractea, a tree grown predominantly for the production of Eucalyptus oil. The genomic markers used in this study are derived from shallow whole genome sequencing of a population of 480 trees. We compare the traditional pedigree-based additive best linear unbiased predictors (ABLUP), genomic BLUP (GBLUP), BayesB genomic prediction model, and a form of GBLUP based on weighting markers according to their influence on traits (BLUP|GA). Predictive ability is assessed under varying marker densities of 10,000, 100,000 and 500,000 SNPs. Our results show that BayesB and BLUP|GA perform best across the eight traits. Predictive ability was higher for individual terpene traits, such as foliar α-pinene and 1,8-cineole concentration (0.59 and 0.73, respectively), than aggregate traits such as total foliar oil concentration (0.38). This is likely a function of the trait architecture and markers used. BLUP|GA was the best model for the two biomass related traits, height and 1 year change in height (0.25 and 0.19, respectively). Predictive ability increased with marker density for most traits, but with diminishing returns. The results of this study are a solid foundation for yield improvement of essential oil producing eucalypts. New markets such as biopolymers and terpene-derived biofuels could benefit from rapid yield increases in undomesticated oil-producing species.
Factores clinicopatológicos asociados a la amplificación del gen HER2/neu en pacientes con cáncer de mama HER2 2+
Authors: Meléndez Guevara Rosa América , Asencio Aguedo Angélica Yeyli
Published: June 2018

Introducción. Un subgrupo de los carcinomas de mama sobreexpresa el receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (HER2). La determinación de esta sobreexpresión se realiza por inmunohistoquímica. La dificultad de diagnóstico surge cuando el resultado es ambiguo (2+), haciendo necesario realizar hibridación in situ (ISH) para determinar la amplificación del gen HER2/neu. Objetivo. Determinar si la amplificación del gen HER2/neu en los casos HER2 2+, se encuentra asociado a factores clinicopatologicos pronósticos. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Institución. Servicio de patología quirúrgica, Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen. Lima, Perú. Participantes. Casos de cáncer de mama HER2 2+. Metodología. Se estudiaron 117 casos de cáncer de mama HER2 2+ diagnosticados entre los años 2010 – 2015, a los que posteriormente se les realizó ISH. Todos los datos fueron analizados con el programa estadístico SPSS 22. Se utilizó el test de Chi cuadrado para analizar la asociación entre las variables. Principales medidas de resultados. Factores asociados a la amplificación del gen HER2/neu. Resultados. La amplificación del gen HER2/neu se observó en 41% del total de casos. En estos, se observó con mayor frecuencia un grado histológico III (66%), compromiso ganglionar presente (61%), tamaño tumoral ≥ 2 cm (86%) y Ki 67 ≥ 20% (83%). Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa con una edad ≥ 50 años (X2 test, P=0,004) y el grado histológico III (X2 test, P=0.017). Conclusión. La amplificación del gen HER2/neu en casos ambiguos está asociado a una edad ≥ 50 años y grado histológico III.
Patrones de prescripción de psicofármacos en pacientes con esquizofrenia y trastornos relacionados internados en el Hospital Víctor Larco Herrera, 2015
Authors: Bojórquez Giraldo Enrique , Arévalo Alván Adrián , Castro Cisneros Kelly , Ludowieg Casinelli Liesel , Orihuela Fernández Sandra
Published: June 2018

Introducción. Los antipsicóticos son la base de la terapéutica en la esquizofrenia; y en su prescripción debe evaluarse sus beneficios y riesgos potenciales. Objetivo. Identificar patrones de prescripción de psicotrópicos en pacientes hospitalizados con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia y trastornos relacionados. Diseño. Observacional, descriptivo, longitudinal, retrospectivo. Lugar. Hospital Víctor Larco Herrera. Participantes. Pacientes con diagnóstico de la categoría F2 (CIE-10); mayores de 18 años y con un tiempo de estancia mínimo de 15 días, ingresados el 2015. Intervenciones. Se evaluó las historias clínicas y se recolectaron los datos en una ficha, que posteriormente fueron vertidos en una base de datos de Microsoft Excel 2010 y analizados. Principal medida de resultados. Patrones de prescripción. Resultados. Se revisaron 174 historias clínicas. La prescripción fue agrupada en tres etapas: Inicio del tratamiento (primeros 14 días), curso del tratamiento (15 días en adelante) y alta hospitalaria. El antipsicótico más usado fue la risperidona. El cambio de antipsicóticos fue mayor al inicio (59,2%). El uso simultáneo de antipsicóticos fue 57% al inicio, reduciéndose posteriormente. La combinación más frecuente fue de antipsicóticos orales y depósito (25-40%). Otros psicofármacos usados fueron benzodiacepinas (60-80%), estabilizadores del ánimo (50%), y anticolinérgicos (50%). El número promedio de medicamentos prescritos durante la hospitalización fue 4,7. Conclusiones. El patrón de prescripción encontrado fue de polifarmacia, asociado al uso simultaneo de antipsicóticos y/o medicación coadyuvante.
Hemangioendotelioma epitelioide hepático de presentación como lesión focal incidental única: reporte de caso
Authors: Padilla Flores Juan Roberto , Quispe Huachaca Jhonathan Percy , Yabar Berrocal Herbert Alejandro , Malpartida Beraún Nadia Aracelli
Published: June 2018

El hemangioendotelioma epitelioide hepático (HEH) es un tumor vascular maligno poco frecuente, de origen endotelial, de lenta progresión y de bajo grado de malignidad. Suele presentarse con mayor compromiso en mujeres, sin una etiología conocida. La clínica es variable, desde casos asintomáticos hasta dolor abdominal. Las características imagenológicas más frecuentes son lesiones nodulares hepáticas coalescentes, de tamaño variable, que muestran apariencia de “lesión en diana” en tomografía computarizada (TC) y resonancia magnética (RM), con retracción capsular. El principal diagnóstico diferencial son las metástasis hepáticas. El curso evolutivo es variable e imprevisible, con una mortalidad posterior al diagnóstico de hasta el 50% de los pacientes. Las modalidades terapeúticas incluyen la extirpación quirúrgica de la lesión y el trasplante hepático como opciones más útiles, además de la quimioterapia regional/sistémica y tratamiento inmunológico. El presente caso describe las principales características clínico-patológicas de este raro tumor, con la particularidad de su forma de presentación como lesión focal incidental única, además de la modalidad terapéutica utilizada (extirpación quirúrgica) en este tipo de lesión.
Evolución del sistema de salud de Perú: buenas prácticas y desafíos en su construcción. Década 2005-2014
Authors: Cañizares Fuentes W. Ricardo
Published: June 2018

Los últimos años, la mayoría de países sudamericanos han hecho esfuerzos por mejorarlos introduciendo reformas y políticas públicas con el objetivo que la población tenga acceso universal a atención de salud. La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda estudiarlos; en ese sentido, se decidió analizar la evolución del sistema de salud del Perú en un período de 10 años con el propósito de extraer aprendizajes para fortalecerlo y también como insumo para otros países. Objetivos: Analizar la evolución, las buenas prácticas y los factores que influyen en el funcionamiento del sistema de salud de Perú. Participantes: Ex ministros y viceministros de salud, representantes de la OPS, académicos, técnicos y representantes de la sociedad civil. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo mediante entrevistas a profundidad que fueron grabadas, transcritas y codificadas para identificar y analizar las principales representaciones sociales que tienen los entrevistados respecto al sistema de salud. Resultados: El incremento del financiamiento no significo incremento del acceso a atención de salud, la rectoría del Ministerio de Salud se fortaleció poco, falta acceso a atención integral y de calidad, se propone crear un solo fondo nacional de financiamiento y un solo plan de salud para todos los peruanos. Conclusiones: La rectoría no se ha consolidado, se reconoce el mejoramiento de la cobertura financiera pero no del acceso a servicios de salud y hay serias brechas de recursos humanos, infraestructura, equipamiento y acceso a medicamentos, a lo que se suma ineficiencia organizacional.
Reforma en salud: complejidad y límites de la formación de recursos humanos especializados
Authors: Mendoza-Arana Pedro Jesús
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo examina el proceso de Reforma en Salud con un enfoque sistémico, desde la perspectiva de la formación de recursos humanos en salud. Consideramos que se tiene que visibilizar como un espacio necesario de formación de recursos humanos en salud, a los recursos para la generación e implementación de la reforma en salud. Se propone una relación entre los procesos de concepción, implementación y ejecución de las propuestas de reforma, los procesos de desarrollo de los recursos humanos necesarios para las propuestas, y la conformación de núcleos de desarrollo de las mismas. Esta relación se visualiza como una relación circular tripartita, en la cual los avances y frenos de cada uno de estos espacios, determina a su vez dinámicas codireccionales en los otros dos espacios, y por ende, la viabilidad y sentido de la Reforma que se propone, sólo será factible en las áreas en las cuales tiene recursos humanos disponibles.
Modelo innovador de tele-ecografía para zonas rurales en el Perú
Authors: Rojas-Mezarina Leonardo , Inga-Berrospi Fiorella , Trujillo Leslie , Castañeda Aphan Benjamín
Published: June 2018

Uno de los principales retos de nuestro sistema sanitario es satisfacer las necesidades actuales y futuras del sector garantizando el acceso equitativo y de calidad a los servicios de salud, por lo que frente a esta necesidad surge el uso de las capacidades que brindan las tecnologías. Por ello, en este artículo se describe un modelo innovador de tele-ecografía (tele-ultrasonografía) implementado en diversas zonas rurales del Perú el cual consiste en un nuevo método de adquisición de imágenes a través de protocolos volumétricos asociados al correcto entrenamiento del operador, el uso de equipos de fácil manejo, así como la nube que permite el diagnóstico en cualquier parte del mundo. Asimismo, se presentan los resultados de las intervenciones realizadas con este nuevo modelo en diferentes regiones con medio rural del país destacando sus ventajas y limitaciones. Este tipo de experiencia sirve como ejemplo de la utilidad de la tecnología la cual puede ser replicada en otros aspectos del sector salud; por lo que resulta necesario seguir generando evidencia científica que sirva como sustento para la implementación de nuevas políticas públicas orientadas a la promoción y fomento de este tipo de innovaciones.
Adherencia al manejo nutricional de adolescentes con malnutrición por exceso: percepción familiar de aciertos y desaciertos
Authors: Acuña-Cisterna Soledad , Troncoso-Pantoja Claudia
Published: June 2018

Sr. Editor, la etapa de adolescencia facilita la autonomía e independencia del comportamiento alimentario, con un incremento en la selección e ingesta de alimentos de alta densidad energética(1), lo que favorece la presencia de malnutrición por exceso(2), además de aumentar el riesgo de diversas complicaciones cardiometabólicas(3,4).
Consistencia de un estudio sobre violencia de pareja- Réplica
Authors: Romero Holguer
Published: June 2018

Sr. Editor, agradezco el interés generado por nuestra investigación. Al respecto, en la introducción de nuestra publicación se define el problema respecto a que la infidelidad en la mujer tiene consecuencias psicológicas que producen alteraciones de comportamiento afectando el entorno intrafamiliar, social y laboral. De igual manera, el objetivo de nuestro estudio fue determinar las causas que producen la infidelidad de las mujeres violentadas (1). A nuestro criterio, los objetivos no son redundantes sino complementarios.
Instrucciones para los autores Actualización 2018
Authors: Cabezas Sánchez César
Published: June 2018

Anales de la Facultad de Medicina es la publicación oficial de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), destinada a la difusión de conocimientos relacionados a educación, investigación, práctica médica y ciencias de la salud.
Declaración jurada de autoría y autorización para la publicación del artículo científico
Authors: Cabezas Sánchez César
Published: June 2018

Declaración jurada de autoría y autorización para la publicación del artículo científico.
Alfonso Splendore: Facets of life of the Toxoplasma discoverer [Abstract in English]
Authors: Meira Affonso Renato
Published: June 2018

The author presents aspects of the professional and familiar life of his grandfather.
Difficulties observed in a reference center in the diagnosis and management of pregnant women with toxoplasmosis
Authors: Bueno Wendy Fernandes , Ferreira Renata Goulart , Da Silva Laura Berriel , Klein Carlos Henrique , Amendoeira Maria Regina Reis , Neves Elizabeth De Souza
Published: June 2018

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the difficulties met in the care of pregnant women with toxoplasmosis diagnosis in antenatal care services. METHODS: Longitudinal prospective study with 262 pregnant women referred to the Toxoplasmosis Clinic at Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas-Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, between January 2005 and July 2009. RESULTS: Most women (91.2%) were in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, and 81.3% were referred by public health services. The average delay was 113.4 days in the collection of the first sample for serological tests in antenatal care, 52.1 days for referral and 160.6 days in starting treatment. Younger women and those from the public health system were referred later. Treatment was initiated at the origin for only 16% of the pregnant women, and 5% of these did not receive the recommended dose of spiramycin. At the Reference Center there was a low rate of confirmation of the serological tests performed in the health services of origin. It was found that 12.6% of pregnant women with an initial diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis were susceptible to infection by Toxoplasma gondii. These tests were considered false positives. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the difficulties met in the management of pregnant women with toxoplasmosis in the antenatal care, including the quality of diagnostic tests and the need for greater emphasis on continuing education of health professionals.
Comparative evaluation of AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA toxoplasmosis reagent performance in a high seroprevalence Latin American country
Authors: Weber Bernard , Badiel Marisol , Alvarez-Otero Yanet , Thulliez Philippe , Montoya José G.
Published: June 2018

AIMS: The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of three automated immunoassays for the detection of IgM and IgG Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using sera of pregnant women living in Colombia, a Latin American country with a high seroprevalence. METHODS: A total of 905 sera were tested for IgM antibodies and 914 for IgG antibodies with AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA immunoassays. Discrepancies were resolved by using the dye test for IgG antibodies, and the ISAGA test for IgM. RESULTS: The overall agreement between AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA assays was excellent for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies, and discrepancies were relatively rare (3.6% and 5.5% of sera for IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively). The performance of the three immunoassays was similar for the detection of IgG antibodies with high sensitivity (100.00% for VIDIA, 99.59% for VIDAS, 99.38% for AxSYM) and specificity (99.04% for VIDIA, 98.82% for AxSYM, 98.57% for VIDAS). The specificity for IgM antibodies was excellent for the three immunassays (99.88% for VIDIA, 99.76% for AxSYM and VIDAS). The sensitivity of the detection of IgM antibodies was higher with VIDIA (95.12%) than with VIDAS (76.74%) and AxSYM (61.90%) assays. The correlation between IgG titers was limited between AxSYM and VIDAS assays and between AxSYM and VIDIA assays, but was excellent between VIDIA and VIDAS assays. CONCLUSIONS: Our study performed with Latin American sera confirmed the excellent specificity of AxSYM, VIDAS and VIDIA assays for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies already reported in other countries. The sensitivity of the detection of IgG antibodies was slightly higher with VIDIA than with VIDAS and AxSYM assays. The sensitivity of the detection of IgM antibodies was higher with VIDIA than with VIDAS and AxSYM assays.
Congenital toxoplasmosis: Auditory and language outcomes in early diagnosed and treated children
Authors: De Resende Luciana Macedo , Andrade Gláucia Queiroz Manzan de , Azevedo Marisa Frasson de , Perissinoto Jacy , Vieira Andrêza Batista Cheloni
Published: June 2018

AIMS: To describe the auditory and language outcomes of children with early diagnosis and treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis. METHODS: A cross-sectional study included all children diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis, through the Minas Gerais State Neonatal Screening Program, from September 2006 to March 2007. All children received early treatment, initiated before the age of 2.5 months, and were periodically assisted by a team of specialists including pediatricians, ophthalmologists and speechlanguage therapists and audiologists. Hearing function was evaluated with the following procedures: tympanometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, behavioral observation audiometry, and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Hearing function and sensitivity was estimated and audiological results were classified as normal, conductive hearing loss, sensory-neural hearing loss and central dysfunction. Language performance was assessed and classified as normal or abnormal, according to test results. The following variables were studied: audiological results, neurological and ophthalmological conditions, language performance and presence of risk indicator for hearing loss other than congenital toxoplasmosis. Univariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square or Fisher´s Exact test. RESULTS: From September 2006 to March 2007, 106 children were diagnosed with congenital toxoplasmosis through the neonatal screening program, and were included in the study. Data analysis showed normal hearing in 60 children (56.6%), while 13 children (12.3%) had conductive hearing loss, four children (3.8%) had sensory-neural hearing loss and 29 children (27.4%) presented central hearing dysfunction. There was association between hearing problems and language deficits. The comparison between children with additional risks for hearing loss other than toxoplasmosis and children who only presented toxoplasmosis as a risk factor showed no differences. This finding suggests that audiological problems were due to congenital toxoplasmosis alone. CONCLUSIONS: Even with early diagnosis and treatment, a high prevalence of hearing problems and language delays was observed in children with congenital toxoplasmosis.
Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy: Perinatal results and association of the IgG avidity test with congenital infection in pregnant women with positive anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgM [Abstract in English]
Authors: Souza-Júnior Virgílio Gonçalves de , Figueiró-Filho Ernesto Antonio , Borges Danilo De Cerqueira , Oliveira Vanessa Marcon , Coelho Lílian Rezende
Published: June 2018

AIMS: To verify the perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis, and to determine if there was association between the results of Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG avidity test and the presence or absence of fetal/neonatal infection. METHODS: A cross-sectional study included pregnant women with serological diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis (presenting a positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM test) attended at the outpatient unit for high-risk pregnancy of the Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in the period from November 2002 to November 2007. Test results demonstrating IgG avidity index above 30% were considered high avidity, while values below 30% were considered low avidity. Fetal and/or neonatal infection was defined by positive result for the polymerase chain reaction in amniotic fluid, or by a positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM test in the newborn's serum. RESULTS: Considering all pregnant women referred to the outpatient unit for high-risk pregnancy in the period of study, frequency of pregnant women with positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM was 10.8% (176/1.634). The rate of congenital infection in these patients was 4% (7/176). The IgG avidity test was performed in 162 patients (92% of the 176 pregnant women with positive IgM), and the avidity was high in 144 (88.9%). There was an association (p=0.003) between high avidity and no fetal/neonatal toxoplasmosis in our sample, with a prevalence ratio of 13.4 (confidence interval [CI] 95% 2.2-86.6). The positive predictive value of the avidity test (probability of congenital infection with a low avidity) was 22% (95% 6%-47%), while the negative predictive value (probability of absence of congenital infection with a high avidity) was 98% (95% CI 94% -99%). CONCLUSIONS: In this study the rate of congenital infection in pregnant women diagnosed with acute toxoplasmosis was 4%. In pregnant women with positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM, results of Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG avidity test were associated with the presence or absence of congenital infection, with a high negative predictive value (no fetal/neonatal infection when avidity was high).
Letter of Buzios: Proposition for the control of toxoplasmosis in Brazil
Authors: De Toxoplasmose Rede Brasileira , Nacional de Toxoplasmose Comitê Coordenador Do Primeiro Simpósio
Published: June 2018

In September 20-21, 2008, in the city of Armação dos Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during the Toxoplasma Centennial Congress, the First National Symposium of Toxoplasmosis was held, which congregated professionals who are dedicated to the study of toxoplasmosis. The Brazilian Network of Toxoplasmosis was created, with the aims of developing research partnership and exchanging clinical experiences, which may lead to comprehensive solutions with benefits for the largest possible number of Brazilians. This document summarizes the concerns of this group of experts, and recommends the inclusion of the items described below in the agenda of the official organizations.
Paklitaxeltartalmú kemoterápiás kombináció metasztatikus cervixtumor első vonali és reindukciós palliatív kezelésében
Authors: Kullmann Tamás , Sipőcz István , Agyemang-Prempeh Kofi , Barna Orsolya , Pintér Tamás
Published: June 2018

Abstract:

Introduction: The paclitaxel-carboplatin doublet is an alternative choice in the first line treatment of metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer according to international guidelines. Method: The history of seven patients treated with paclitaxel-platinum in the last three years in the Petz Aladár Hospital is reported. A case report, supporting the efficacy of the combination in emergency and in reintroduced settings is presented as well. Results: The average progression-free survival was 10 months. All patients were alive at the time of the submission of the article. Conclusion: The results confirm the efficacy of the paclitaxel-carboplatin AUC 5 and the paclitaxel-cisplatin combinations in the treatment of metastatic cervical cancer. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(24): 974–977.
OPTIMIZATION OF ULTRASONICATION EXTRACTION FOR DETERMINATION OF 16 POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN AIR PARTICLE
Authors: Hanh Duong Thi , Trinh Ha Thu , Thang Phan Quang , Dung Nguyen Trung , Dien Nguyen Tran
Published: June 2018

The aim of this study is to develop the quick ultrasonication extraction procedure for determination of 16 typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air particles. The  determination and quantification of PAHs in air particles samples were performed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with the aid of deuterated PAH internal standards. 1ug mixture of PAHs was spiked to a quarter of quartz fiber filter and extracted with four different solvents/solvent mixtures (methanol:dichloromethane, acetone:dichloromethane; acetone:hexane; dichloromethane). Ultrasonication extraction was carried out in dark at uncontrolled and controlled ultrasonication temperature (25-28oC). The unique extraction time (20 minutes) was applied for all experiments. The results showed that high recovery rate of PAHs (82-108%) were obtained with dichloromethane (as extraction solvent) in dark at ultrasonication temperature of 25 to 28oC, while generally low recovery rate of PAHs, especially naphthalene (57%) were obtained with methanol:dichloromethane (1:1). The ultrasonication extraction method with dichloromethane showed good reproductively and repeatability with relative standard deviation of 16 PAHs below 6,14%, confirming that samples analyses were precise.  Analytical results of PAHs in air particles collected in Hanoi using the developed ultrasonication extraction procedure showed that 15 out of 16 PAHs were detected, in which high molecular weight (MW) PAHs (>5 rings) were abundance compared to low molecular weight PAHs (< 3 rings). This developed ultrasonication extraction method is quick, easy and sufficient for determination of PAHs in air particle
Thermal decomposition and shelf-life of PETN and PBX based on PETN using thermal methods
Authors: Toan Nguyen Trung , Nhan Phan Duc , Phuong Vo Hoang
Published: June 2018

The kinetics of exothermic reactions are important in assessing the potential of materials and systems for thermal explosion. In this paper, the thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) based on PETN were investigated using Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Vacuum Stability Test (VST) methods. The Arrhenius activation energies and pre-exponential factors were determined by the Ozawa and Kissinger methods. Based on the overall kinetic parameters of decomposition reactions, the shelf-life of PETN and PBXs based on PETN could be calculated and predicted.
SUPERHEATED STEAM TEMPERATURE CONTROL FOR BOILER USING ADAPTIVE DYNAMIC FEEDFORWARD COMPENSATORS
Authors: Ha Nguyen Trong , Hoa Nguyen Le , Vinh Doan Quang
Published: June 2018

This paper proposes a new control strategy for improving the performance of the superheated steam temperature control system in thermal power plants. Based on the analysis of the limitations of the static feedforward compensators (SFC) for temperature and boiler load disturbances in the existing control system of the auxiliary boiler in Dung Quat refinery, two adaptive dynamic feedforward compensators (ADFC) for temperature and boiler load disturbances were proposed to replace the SFCs.  In addition, a method for predicting the tube wall temperature of the superheater using an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model was also proposed. The simulation results for the two typical cases of the boiler load change indicate that the control system incorporated with the proposed ADFCs improves significantly the performance of the control system
Use of a point-of-care app increases patient satisfaction with residents performing minor procedures
Authors: MacPhee Ian James , Rezmovitz Jeremy
Published: June 2018

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. This study investigated patient satisfaction of residents' ability after using a Point-of-Care (POC) app for minor procedures in Family Medicine. Patients were asked to a) evaluate their satisfaction of a resident performing a minor procedure, b) rate their skill level, and c) decide if they explained the procedure clearly. The results show that a) use of the POC app improved patient satisfaction (p<0.05), but had no effect on either b) residents' skill level (p>0.05) or c) their communication skills. This study demonstrates a possible role for a POC app in teaching minor procedures in Family Medicine.
Southern Strategies: Preaching, Prejudice, and Power
Authors: Wilson Angelia R.
Published: June 2018

This paper considers how 'preaching prejudice' builds a constituency of like-minds by marginalizing others-on grounds of race and sexuality, for example-and then instructs this constituency regarding political behavior. This discussion is part of a larger project on the construction of social values for political gain but here I specifically draw attention to the historical racism marking much of Protestant messaging in the American South and to how this racism became the foundation for the Republican Southern Strategy from the 1970s onwards. In doing so, I take as a case study the well documented racism associated with the history of the Southern Baptist Convention. The SBC historical narrative exemplifies the racism which underpinned the Southern Strategy. This is interesting because the SBC continues to be a key political actor among social conservatives in the South. This historical narrative indicates how 'preaching prejudice' became a political tool fueling the racism of Nixon's campaign and seasoning subsequent campaigns. The paper then suggests that the most recent innovation of this familiar, well honed political tool can be located in contemporary discourse on same-sex marriage.
Pore water pressure and total horizontal stress response to EPBM tunnelling in London Clay
Authors: Wan M. S. P. , Standing J. R. , Potts D. M. , Burland J. B.
Published: June 2018

The ground response, in terms of surface and subsurface displacements, to twin-bore Crossrail tunnel construction beneath a research monitoring site in Hyde Park, London, using earth-pressure-balance machines (EPBMs) in London Clay, has recently been reported in two companion papers by the authors. This third paper presents and discusses corresponding changes in pore water pressure and total horizontal stress measured using multi-level piezometers and pushed-in spade cells. The three papers together provide a comprehensive and completely unique field monitoring case history of the short-term ground response to EPBM tunnelling in London Clay, making them invaluable for validating future numerical analyses. The fully grouted vibrating-wire piezometers were able to measure the rapid pore water pressure changes around the tunnels as they were constructed. Five distinct immediate pore water pressure responses are identified, induced by different stages of the tunnel drives as the EPBMs approached and passed the instruments. The responses are correlated with tunnel-boring machine operation variables and a postulated arching mechanism, identified for the first time through field measurements. The sense and magnitude of changes in horizontal total stress were reasonable and are correlated with overall pore water pressure changes. Both responses are linked where possible with measured subsurface displacements and generally correlate well, at least qualitatively. Limitations to the measurements and influencing factors are also discussed.
Doğal Sitlerde Derecelendirme Sorunu: Elazığ-Hazar Gölü Örneği
Authors: TUNA Aysun
Published: June 2018

Doğal
sit, 2863 sayılı Kanunun 3.Maddesinin a bendinde yer alan tanımlara göre; jeolojik
devirlere ait olup, ender bulunmaları nedeniyle olağanüstü özelliklere sahip
yer üstünde, yeraltında veya su altında bulunan korunması gerekli alanlar olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Korunan alanlarla olarak doğal sitlerin belirlenmesi, sınıflandırılması ve kamunun
mülkiyet hakları ile ilgili önemli sorun ve kargaşalar yaşanmaktadır. Doğal
sit derecelendirme sürecinde başlıca sorunlardan biri, doğal sitlerin güncel
durumlarının değerlendirilerek mevcut ve yeni ilan edilecek doğal sit kategorilerini
ortaya koyan ekolojik araştırma ve metodolojik yaklaşımlarla kararların üretilememesidir.
Ekolojik planlama ve koruma ölçütlerine göre alınması gerekli bilimsel
kararların yerine subjektif ve değişebilen kararlar alınarak gerçekleştirilen
uygulamalarda yerel halk ile resmi kurum ve kuruluşları karşı karşıya getirecek
mağduriyetler yaşanmakta diğer taraftan yapılaşma doğrultusunda verilen
kararlar ile doğal sitlerin ekolojik karakterlerinin bozulması tehdidi baş
göstermektedir.

Bu
çalışmada, farklı doğal sit derecelendirmelerine sahip Elazig İl sınırları
içinde yer alan Hazar Gölü çevresindeki taşınmazlara ilişkin İl İdare Mahkemesi
tarafından nihai kararı verilen ve yazarın bizzat bilirkişi olarak görev
yaptığı dava sürecinde yapılan incelemeler ve karar alma süreci aktarılmıştır.
Bu çalışma ile birlikte doğal sitlerde yaşanan yapılaşma sorunları kapsamında
yapılacak saha araştırmaları ile kamu kurum ve kuruluşların hazırlamış
oldukları raporlar ile karşılaştırılarak sorun tanımlanmış ve çözüme yönelik
öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalara ilişkin olarak bu çalışmanın
bilirkişilik faaliyetlerinde bulunacak peyzaj mimarları ve diğer ilgili meslek
disiplinlerinde çalışanlara yol göstermesi hedeflenmiştir.
Effect of Barium Carbonate Addition on the Properties of Porcelain Ceramic Tile
Authors: KAFTELEN ODABAŞI Hülya , ANIL Ümit Engin , ODABAŞI Akın , KOCABIYIK Battal Kadir
Published: June 2018

In
this study, six different recipes (0%, 2-10 wt.% with barium carbonate) of
porcelain tile were fabricated using the firing temperature of 1210 °C.  The effects of barium carbonate as a
secondary flux material on the linear shrinkage, bulk density and water
absorption properties of ceramics were investigated. Microstructure and
chemical analysis of ceramics were examined using SEM and XRD analysis
instruments, respectively. Addition of barium carbonate between 2-6 wt.% on the
ceramics did not affect water absorption value (zero) which was recommended for
porcelain tiles. However this was found to dramatically increase up to 6.65%
after addition of 8 wt.% and 10 wt.% barium carbonate.
Etlik Piliç Kümeslerinde, Isıtma ve Soğutma Derece Gün Değerlerinin Derece Gün Yöntemiyle Belirlenmesi: Kırşehir İli Örneği
Authors: BOYACI Sedat
Published: June 2018

Tavukçuluk,
enerji gereksiniminin önemli olduğu tarımsal üretim faaliyetlerinden birisidir.
İhtiyaç duyulan bu enerji gereksinimi kapalı olarak inşa edilen kümeslerde tavuklar
için en uygun üretim ortamının sağlanabilmesi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Kümes
içerisinde optimum çevre koşullarının sağlanması amacıyla yapılacak iç ortam
ısıtma, soğutma ve havalandırma uygulamaları, için ihtiyaç duyulan enerji
yörenin iklim özelliklerine göre değişmekle birlikte üretim maliyetleri
içerisinde önemli bir yer tutabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bir binanın enerji
tüketimi hakkında bilgi sahibi olmamızı sağlayan derece gün yöntemi
kullanılarak Kırşehir ilinin meteorolojik kayıtları tutulan ilçelerinde
(Akçakent, Akpınar, Çiçekdağı, Kaman, Merkez, Mucur) etlik piliç kümeslerinde
ortaya çıkabilecek ısıtma ve soğutma derece gün değerleri belirlenmiştir.
Isıtma ve soğutma derece gün değerlerinin aylık veya yıllık toplamının belirlenmesi,
kümeslerin ısıtılması yada soğutulması için gerekli olan enerji miktarının
hesap edilebilmesi işletme ekonomisi açısından oldukça önemlidir.
Hesaplamalarda temel alınan denge sıcaklığı, etlik piliçlerin 6 haftalık üretim
sezonu boyunca ihtiyaç duyduğu sıcaklık değerleri (Td = 31, 27, 25, 23, 21 ve
18 °C) denge sıcaklığı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Etlik piliç kümesleri için
ısıtma ve soğutma derece gün değerlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla kullanılan uzun
yıllık 1960-2017 dış ortam kuru termometre sıcaklık değerleri Kırşehir ili
meteoroloji il müdürlüğü kayıtlarından elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunun,
hesaplanan ısıtma ve soğutma derece gün değerleri ile enerji tüketimi açısından
değerlendirildiğinde, ilde etlik piliç kümesi kurmayı düşünen üreticilere
enerji gereksinimi ihtiyacı hakkında yol gösterecektir.