bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
For Brenda Dunne, Fond Memories and Deep Respect
Authors: Nelson Roger D.
Published: August 2022

In early 1980, I answered a circumspect ad in the Chronicle of Higher Education looking for a “cognitive scientist interested in the lesser-known aspects of perception.” After some correspondence, I traveled from northern Vermont to Princeton to interview for a job that would, as I learned, touch on truly rarefied aspects of consciousness. By “accident,” I encountered Brenda walking down the hallway toward Bob Jahn's office, where I was headed for an interview, recognizing her though we had never met. It was quite a first impression—she was wearing a long flowing green dress and looked magical, and needless to say, obviously memorable. She was then and always a notable presence. The Princeton Engineering Anomalies Research (PEAR) lab was taking shape in the basement of Princeton University's School of Engineering, and from the beginning it had an unusually human quality because Brenda saw how important being at ease would be for people willing to try our experiments. She made the lab comfortable and home-like, installing the great orange couch with all its stuffed animals in PEAR's living room, and Comforto the Incredible chairs to coddle our operators as they attempted improbable tasks like intending that our Random Event Generator (REG) should produce high (or low) numbers on demand, or attempting to add some order (negentropy) to the Random Mechanical Cascade (RMC) or the big and beautiful but randomly arhythmic Native American drum. More important by far than the furniture was Brenda's presence in the lab. She was warm and genuinely interested in the people who came by, and many of them became long-term friends. Her easy confidence about the phenomena we studied was infectious, and that probably accounted for a large part of the success we had in demonstrating that the improbable could happen, and the impossible, too, though it might take longer. Brenda was clear that our studies were of phenomena, not people, and she invited the folks we called operators to relax and have fun with the experiments. She set a tone of collaboration, and rather than telling people how to work their will on the REG, she asked what they thought and felt. Some of the lab's most instructive findings come from what they had to say. Typically, our operators told us it was a matter of developing a relationship with the machine. “I began to feel loving connection.” Then the scores would climb.
Final Reply: When Will Survival Researchers Move Past Defending the Indefensible?
Authors: Augustine Keith
Published: August 2022

The failure of five psychical researchers to confront my critique of Bigelow Institute contest-winning essays with counterpoints or concessions responsive to its novel criticisms is disappointing. Their defensive and scattershot reply lost sight of whether the critiqued essays met their directive to provide “hard evidence ‘beyond a reasonable doubt’” of the survival of human consciousness. Those who claim that science should expand its metaphysically conservative picture to include things otherwise not known to exist assume the burden of showing what they claim. My interlocutors’ almost exclusively testimonial evidence does not adhere to the long-standing scientific principles required by the scientific community. For the kind of evidence that could be publicly confirmed is simply not the kind that survival researchers have been able to provide, just as we would expect of a hodgepodge of deception, embellishment, malobservation, misreporting, self-deception, and so on; but which would be surprising on the hypothesis that discarnate personal survival occurs. The survival evidence does not even survive elementary scrutiny, let alone outweigh our everyday experience of the biological fragility of our own minds. The totality of the evidence renders discarnate personal survival highly unlikely. Attempts to reinterpret this evidence away through various analogies fail because a hypothesis that makes false predictions, like that of the independence of individual consciousness from a functioning brain, will continue to make them no matter what analogy one uses to illustrate it.
JSE 36:2 Summer 2022 Whole Issue PDF
Authors: Erickson Kathleen E
Published: August 2022

JSE Summer Issue 2022
Karotis endarterektomide dacron yama ve primer kapatma yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: ÖNTAŞ Hakan , SERHATLIOĞLU Faruk , GÖZÜAÇIK RÜZGAR Asiye Aslı , ACAR Altay Nihat
Published: August 2022

Background: In carotid artery atherosclerotic disease; indications for intervention are accepted to be over 75% stenosis for asymptomatic patients and over 50% for symptomatic patients. Preferred surgical treatment is carotid endarterectomy. In this study, we compared clinical outcomes and ultrasonographic findings in two different surgical techniques of arteriotomy closure. First technique consisted of primary suturing and second is patch angioplasty with dacron patch. In 6 month follow up period clinical examinations and dupplex ultrasonography were performed and analysed statistically.

Methods: 60 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy for carotid artery disease between January 2017 and December 2020 were enrolled in the study. Data was obtained from hospital database and evaluated statistically. 30 arteriotomy incisions were closed primarily and 30 with dacron patch angioplasty. As surgical indication 50% stenosis in symptomatic patients and 70% stenosis in asymptomatic were determined. Postoperative complications were evaluated. After discharge one-week, two-month, six-month clinical examitanions were performed and in six-month follow up dupplex ultrasonography was performed by an independent radiology specialist, and these results were compared statistically.

Results: When the patients were evaluated in terms of postoperative complications, clinical follow-up after discharge, and 6-month Doppler ultrasonography, no significant differences were detected.

Conclusion: No statistically significant difference was found among techniques primary suturing and dacron patch angioplasty for stroke, occlusion and re-stenosis rates. According to short term results both techniques may be feasible for arteriotomy closure during carotid endarterectomy.
Diagnostic yield of serial SARS-CoV-2 testing in hospitalized patients
Authors: Li Jeremy , Frenette Charles , Loo Vivian G
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) varies depending on the time since exposure and is highest around the time of symptom onset. It is conceivable that patients who are incubating SARS-CoV-2 may screen negative at admission and develop transmissible but undetected asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic disease while in hospital. The incidence of COVID-19 in Montreal, Canada started to increase in December 2020. In anticipation of a much larger rise after the holiday period, the McGill University Health Centre implemented serial SARS-CoV-2 testing for all admitted patients on day 5 and 10 after admission, to evaluate the clinical utility of serial SARS-CoV-2 testing among patients who test negative on admission screening. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the diagnostic yield of SARS-CoV-2 serial testing for patients admitted between January 4, 2021 and April 30, 2021. RESULTS: A total of 1,505 patients underwent serial testing at day 5 and 841 patients underwent serial testing at day 10. Only 10 patients were positive on serial testing at day 5 and only 12 patients were positive on serial testing at day 10, for a yield at day 5 and day 10 of 0.7% and 1.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The yield of serial SARS-CoV-2 testing was 0.7% at day 5 and 1.4% at day 10. We found that the yield of serial testing was higher when the community incidence was higher and could be considered in this situation. Policies which target repeat testing towards symptomatic or exposed individuals appear to be effective in identifying those with a positive test while admitted but testing negative upon admission.
LEGAL SOCIALIZATION AND LEGAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN AND YOUTH OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, SYZONENKO I.
Published: August 2022

The article studies the problem of the activity of a social worker, a social teacher in legal socialization and legal education of children and youth by digital technologies. The European Recommendation on Key Competences for Lifelong Learning is considered, the requirements for a specialist who ensures a high level of legal socialization of the individual in society are analyzed. The Concept for the Development of Digital Competences describes digital competence, which means digital and information literacy, the ability to use digital technologies for learning, professional activities and life in society. Programs and methodological recommendations on legal socialization are characterized: Methodological recommendations on social work with juvenile offenders, the Program for the formation of tolerance, the prevention of conflicts and hate crimes «Building the Future Together». The experience of legal education in schools is being studied, they have a system for organizing legal education, conditions for the development of legal consciousness, culture and experience in the legal behavior of students, but there is no experience in using interactive digital technologies, creating an innovative online educational environment for the legal socialization of children and youth. Examples of digital technologies that are used by specialists to organize legal socialization are given: the formation of motivation for an independent search for legal information, the solution of legal problems, the creation of legal online crossword puzzles, the development of skills for quick orientation in social and legal situations, the independent creation of interactive legal games, the study of the level of legal awareness about rights and obligations, etc. It is determined that the use of digital technologies in socio-pedagogical activities makes it possible to diversify the process of legal education, make it modern, interesting, accessible and direct it to prevent manifestations of negative behavior, the formation of legal education of children and youth. Key words: legal socialization, children and youth, legal education, gamification, digital technologies, social teacher, social worker.
ECOCRITICAL READING OF LITERARY WORKS IN LESSONS OF FOREIGN LITERATURE
Authors:   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, TABAKOVA H.
Published: August 2022

This paper calls for a rapprochement between ecocriticism and school education, especially foreign literary lessons. The principles of ecocritical interpretation as a new tendency in the Ukrainian literary education are considered. Special attention is paid to the categorization of environmental literature. At first, the author focuses on the phenomenon of ecocriticism which appeared in response to the interest of researchers to the new kind of nature literature and to the ways of literary representation of the ecological themes in school. Foreign literary gives a rich material for teachers to represent ecological problems. Arguing for the necessity of bringing theory into school course of foreign literature the paper suggest that green studies needs to be wildly represented at the lessons. Literature and the arts have been drawn to portrayals of physical environments and human-environment interactions. The modern environmentalist movement as it emerged first in the late nineteenth century and, in its more recent incarnation, in the 1960s, gave rise to a rich array of fictional and nonfictional writings concerned with humans’ changing relationship to the natural world. Only since the early 1990s, however, has the long-standing interest of literature studies in these matters generated the initiative most commonly known as «ecocriticism» or «green studies». In such areas as the study of literature, ecocriticism converges with such disciplines in the humanities: environmental anthropology, environmental history, and environmental philosophy. A new wave of ecological researches have been noticed in education sphere. The school course of foreign literature has new line еcological safety and sustainable development», as a transfer «forming in social activity, viability and environmental awareness for saving and defending environment. That’s why teachers can use ecocritical tools for analysis literary works at the lessons. It gives more opportunities for studying and understanding ecological problems by students. Key words: ecocriticism, green studies, foreign literature, environmental imagination, literary theory
STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL SYSTEM OF MOVEMENTS ON THE BASIS OF INDIVIDUALIZATION OF VOCATIONAL PREPARATION OF SPECIALISTS
Authors:   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, KHATUNTSEVA S. , KHOMENKO O. ,   Дніпровський національний університет імені Олеся Гончара
Published: August 2022

The article reveals the main results of the study of relevant problems of study of the functional system of movements on the basis of individualization of vocational training of specialists at the higher school. It is appreciated that the essence of the concept of "individualization" is based on modern trends in the stepwise development of the lighting process, methods and forms of pedagogical infusion with the improvement of the individual features of the people. It is emphasized that understanding the mechanisms of individualization helps to identify difficulties in professional training and allows to modify and coordinate the links between the elements of this complex dynamic structure, thus creating the conditions for achieving the desired result. Designed to individualize the intensity of the motivation for the health of the higher education, activating its purposefulness, provides forming of a need in a professional self-improvement. Based on the results, it is concluded that in a broad sense, the individualization of training is: first, the form of interconnection of elements of the educational process, based on a selection of measures to improve training of future professionals, tools and pace of learning and generalization of new information the specified subject, taking into account individual features of applicants of higher education; secondly, a number of educational and methodological activities that provide an individual approach, overcoming pedagogical barriers. It is noted that in the narrow sense, individualization of training is an effective tool to expand the understanding of higher education about the structure, normal and individual development of the human body and its motor functions, study the morpho-functional organization of the musculoskeletal system, assess the functional state of all organs and systems. To further direct investigation of the problem, the development of the evolution of scientific evidence about the formation of professional competencies of future physical therapists, as well as rehabilitation specialists in ambushes of individual vocational training. Keywords: individualization of vocational training, functional system of movements, functional anatomy, specialists, students, educational process.
LEGO AS A TOOL FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' COMPETENCE TRAINING AT UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE AND READING LESSONS
Authors:   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, CHEMONINA L.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to a topical issue, namely the formation of primary school students’ key competencies at Ukrainian language and reading lessons by means of methods of competence training «Six bricks», which involves the use of LEGO sets. The author emphasizes the leading role of the subject «Ukrainian language and reading» because of its importance in developing the theoretical and practical component of all educational branches of the first stage of modern general secondary education institution. The analysis of researches of scientists of the past and the present is carried out, their positions concerning the organization of educational process in primary school are noted, the unity of their views on necessity of didactic games dominance at lessons is emphasized. The study of normative documents of Ukraine in the field of education, scientific achievements of scientists, as well as progressive approaches to the organization of the educational process, in particular in primary school, allowed the author to state that nowadays a method of competence training «Six bricks» is one of the innovations that can ensure the effectiveness of learning. The expediency of using the tasks created on the basis of mentioned above methodology is due to their integrative, open nature, easy adaptation to the child's educational needs and educational material, as well as constant involvement of younger students in communicative interaction. The article is a study of theoretical and at the same time concrete-practical nature. The publication contains the tasks to the subject «Ukrainian language and reading» for students 1-4 grades developed by the author in, which involves the use of the mentioned above methodology, namely the use of LEGO sets, and provides the formation of relevant subject and key competencies through activities. The article will be useful both for teachers of higher education institutions who teach a series of methodological disciplines, and primary school teachers of general secondary education institutions who actively introduce innovations in the educational process of modern Ukrainian school. Key words: primary school, game technologies, methods of competence training «Six bricks», LEGO sets, applicant for primary education, Ukrainian language and reading, competence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF FORMING THE MODERN TEACHER’S PROFESSIONAL IMAGE
Authors:   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет, CHEREZOVA I. , FEDORYK V. ,   Бердянський державний педагогічний університет
Published: August 2022

The article reveals the psychological aspects of forming the modern teacher’s professional image. It has been noted that the new standards of higher education increase the level of attention and requirements for the personality, professionalism and competence of future teacher, that calls out the necessity of forming the new style of social behavior. The conceptual approaches to forming the modern teacher's professional image are analyzed. It has been noted that this problem was considered by scientists in the context of psychology of individuality, formation of «I-concept» of personality, imageology, forming of pedagogical image and professional image of «I» of the future teacher, pedagogical skills of educators. It has been established that the image is a complex psychological and pedagogical phenomenon, a kind of program of human social behavior and concentrates the most important professional characteristics, which are presented through appearance and professional qualities. The teacher’s professional image is considered as a form of self-expression of the individual holistic image of personality as a realizer of the needs of micro- and macro-society in the educational services, which reveals the most expressive business and personal qualities. The teacher’s image is formed gradually and it is a method of influence on personality, a way of self-regulation and self-suggestion, the most important element of preparation for professional activity. The presented results of the empirical study ascertain that special attention should be focused on higher education, the purpose of which is to train young people competitive in the modern labor market. Therefore, the problem of creating and consolidating a positive image of young specialists who, due to little pedagogical experience, have difficulties with finding the most optimal ways of behavior in professional activities is relevant. Key words: image, professional image, structure of professional image, image functions, types of image, teacher’s image activity.
METHODS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF EMPLOYMENT OF MARITIME INDUSTRY PROFESSIONALS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Херсонська державна морська академія, SHAPAR L.
Published: August 2022

The article deals with the most effective methods of job search and employment of seafarers and prospects for increasing the prestige of Ukrainian maritime institutions of higher education among others. Due to the fact that Ukraine does not have competitive maritime fleet, there is no opportunity in employment of young specialists who study at Ukrainian maritime institutions of higher education. Foreign shipping and crewing companies provide more job opportunities for Ukrainian seafarers. These companies have a significantly larger merchant fleet, better working conditions and highly competitive salaries. But at the same time, they are more demanding of their candidates. Attempts to self-employ cadets of maritime institutions of higher education on foreign ships for shipboard practice and further employment are not effective, since companies are reluctant to accept candidates, especially without maritime experience. The rate of success in employing of young professionals in this way is very low. In recent years, maritime higher education institutions have begun to cooperate with some shipping and crewing companies in the employment of cadets on ships of foreign shipowners. Observing the results of such cooperation, when an educational institution selects and recommends candidates for a company, thereby making it easier for them to find seafarers to manning of ships, more and more companies seek to cooperate with educational institutions in this direction. Such cooperation is appreciated both for the success of the crewing companies and for the presentation of the institution, which encourages the employment of its graduates. The orientation of maritime schools in this direction significantly increases the attractiveness for future applicants and fully contributes to the success of the maritime careers of graduates. Key words: maritime institution of higher education, cadet, maritime specialist, crewing company, employment of seafarers, cadet program.
Leadership in Learning Organization of Islamic Boarding School After Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Prasetyo Muhammad Anggung Manumanoso , Ilham Muhammad
Published: August 2022

This article aims at providing institutional landscape analysis resting to aspects of leadership as a boarding school education policy amid the Covid-19 pandemic. The study is carried out qualitatively using analysis survey methods. Data is critically analyzed through various relevant literatures. Data analysis was reinforced by the results of interviews on boarding schools leadership in Aceh. The results of the study found the conceptual framework of the effectiveness of boarding school leadership in facing pandemic situations. The politics of leadership policy consist of four organizational areas that were usually arenas of policy-making, namely structural change, inter-departmental coordination, success management and resource allocation. Whereas the learner organizational leadership strategy namely (1) the readiness of long-term program blueprint; (2) the degree of focus in building, caring and developing a work mechanism; (3) the experience of the Boarding Board in executing financial strategies refers to less optimal field operational aspects due to pandemic; (4) strengthening partnership-based cooperation networks accompanied by systemic evaluation of the implementation of boarding school education and teaching and to oversee how the consequences system work in the middle of covid-19 pandemic. The expected implications can extend the conceptual insight of effective leadership and the politics of education policy in general.
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LEGISLATION ON RURAL GREEN TOURISM
Authors: NOVAK TAMARA S.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the study of prospects for the development of legislation on rural green tourism. The urgency of the work is conditioned upon the urgent need for special legislation that would reflect the specific features of rural green tourism and would effectively develop this area to reduce unemployment, overcome poverty, increase incomes of the rural population by intensifying non-agricultural activities. The purpose of the study is to identify possible areas of development of legislation on rural green tourism on the basis of scientific and theoretical analysis of current and future regulations in this area and developments in legal science. The methodological basis of the study was the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, general scientific (formal-logical, method of analysis) and special-legal methods (formal-legal, comparative-legal). As a result of this study, proposals were developed to improve the terminology of legislation in the field of rural tourism. Namely, the necessity of replacing the term “rural green tourism” with the term “rural hospitality” in normative legal acts is justified, the use of the category “rural tourism” exclusively in the sense of one of the types of tourism, the specific feature of which is implementation in rural areas. To increase the effectiveness of legal regulation of rural hospitality, a proposal was made to form special legislation – the Law of Ukraine “On Rural Hospitality in Ukraine”. It has been proved that personal farms are the most potentially attractive subjects for the development of rural hospitality in Ukraine. For the practical implementation of this potential, changes are proposed to Part 1 of Art. 1 of the Law of Ukraine “On Personal Peasant Economy” on enabling private farms to use their property to provide rural hospitality services. It is proposed that to clearly distinguish between rural hospitality and rural tourism, the latter should be regulated by the Law of Ukraine “On Tourism” and other regulations in the field of tourism, adopted to implement the provisions of this law. The obtained conclusions can be used in formulating changes to the current legislation of Ukraine, will be useful when working on research on the specific features of the legal regulation of relations in the field of rural hospitality
PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS IN THE FIELD OF MEDICAL TOURISM: ROLE AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: HORISLAVSKA INNA V. , PATRATII OLENA V.
Published: August 2022

The urgency of the legal framework for the functioning of public organisations is mediated by the fact that the process of self-organisation of society and the development of civil society are interrelated and provide for rights and freedoms, dignity of every citizen, increase economic and spiritual prosperity. There is also a steady trend of aging around the world, and the progress of medical and health tourism will show signs of rapid growth, including through the growth of self-organisation of people in civil society, which determines the quality of common views and interests, including health. The aim of the article is the study, based on the analysis of regulations that determine the legal status and forms of participation of public associations in tourism and medicine, the practice of their activities at national and international level, problematic issues and possible solutions based on experience of both individual countries and internationally. Research methods were chosen considering the purpose and objectives of the study. The study used philosophical (hermeneutic), general scientific (logical, generalisation, praxeological method, modeling method, prognostic method and bibliographic) and special legal (formal-legal, comparative-legal) methods of scientific cognition. It was found that the actualisation of the study of legal regulation of tourism in the field of health care contributes to globalisation, mobility of modern society and human needs in the realisation of their natural rights to life, health care, health secrets. The legal basis of activity and main tasks of some national and international organisations in the field of medical tourism are studied. Ways to improve the legal regulation of public associations in the field of medical tourism in Ukraine in terms of improving the concept of private law in accordance with the basic values of the European community are suggested. The materials of this study can be useful for legal scholars, leaders and employees of public associations, and teachers, graduate students, students of law schools. Civil servants and everyone who is interested in this issue
FEATURES OF PERSONAL NON-PROPERTY AND PROPERTY RELATIONS OF PARENTS AND CHILDREN IN ANCIENT ROME
Authors: KANARYK YULIIA S.
Published: August 2022

Roman law is one of the foundations of modern law. However, today the issue of personal non-property and property relations between parents and children of ancient Rome remains poorly understood. This determines the relevance of the research. The aim of the article is to study the non-property and property relations between parents and children of ancient Rome. The methodological basis of the research was the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, general scientific (formal-logical, methods of analysis and synthesis, method of observation and comparative method) and special-legal method (formal-legal). The article analyses a number of scientific works of Ukrainian and foreign scholars on non-property and property relations between parents and children of ancient Rome. It was found that the status of children as participants in property and non-property relations between children and parents in ancient Rome was directly dependent on the status of parents. In particular, it was illustrated that the status of children born in concubinage and children born in marriage was different. It is substantiated that the mother and father had somewhat different rights in the context of caring for and raising children together. It was established that in the families of that time the power of its head was introduced not only over the children born in the family, but also over the persons whose will was included in the family as its free members by the will of the householder. At the same time, under the paternal authority was not only the property of children, but also their lives. At the same time, it was found that the content of personal non-property and property relations of parents and children in ancient Rome changed for the most part during the period of Roman private law, which under the influence of different circumstances and during the reign of different rulers. The presented data can serve as a guide for Ukrainian and foreign scholars in the process of further research in this field in Ukraine and around the world
LEGAL BASES OF LAND USE IN UKRAINE AND CANADA: COMPARATIVE LEGAL ASPECT
Authors: KOVACH BOGDANA L. , BERNAR MARGARET
Published: August 2022

The issue of land use plays an important role in shaping Ukraine’s economy. Therefore, the study of the market for agricultural land is a high priority and relevant to legal doctrine, as this issue directly affects the national security of the state, because it involves control over the risks that may arise conditioned upon the high concentration of areas agricultural land owned by one person, uncontrolled acquisition of land by foreigners, and partial monopolisation of certain segments of the agricultural market. The purpose of this work is to carry out a comparative legal analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and Canada in the field of land use, highlighting their common and distinctive features. To achieve this goal, the article used several methodological approaches and methods for research, including functional and theoretical approaches, the method of logical analysis, synthesis method, formal-legal method, method of comparative analysis, method of analysis of scientific literature. After the research, the theoretical and practical principles of this issue were obtained. The first includes the analysis of regulatory frameworks of Ukraine and Canada, and the second analysis of direct methods and approaches used in these countries during land use. Based on the results obtained, differences were formed between the legal basis for the implementation of the above process and revealed positive aspects that would be appropriate to implement in future rule-making activities in this area of Ukrainian legislation. In the further works it is necessary to determine the prospects of the methods on which the current land policy of both countries is based and to identify ways to increase its effectiveness. As for the practical value of the work, it certainly lies in the fact that it identifies the main theoretical aspects related to the implementation of land reform in Ukraine, and thus facilitate the interpretation of certain rules for both ordinary citizens and civil servants
Sandwich Production, Types, Properties and Packaging
Authors: DİKMEN Hilal , ÇABİR Özlem , POLAT Neslihan , SAĞDIÇ Osman
Published: August 2022

In recent years, the changing lifestyle has led people to consume ready-made food. Recently, the increasing type of "fast food" has left the place of unhealthy ready-made foods to healthy, functional snacks. With the increase in ready-to-eat food consumption, studies on packaging techniques to extend the shelf life of food continue to increase in parallel. Shelf life studies are carried out to create minimum loss in taste, texture and nutritional elements of the product. In this direction, in this review study, the latest developments in the production and packaging of sandwiches, an important snack product with a rapidly increasing potential in recent years, are included. Sandwiches usually consist of ingredients such as bread, vegetables, sauces, meat and dairy products. Sandwiches, which have hot or cold varieties, also have varieties such as open, closed and rolls. Bread varieties such as white, rye, whole wheat, whole grain, lavash, tortilla, Focaccia and French bread are commonly used in sandwiches. Modified atmosphere packaging is the most widely used packaging technique for sandwiches. It is thought that the importance of the sandwich, which can be prepared in different ways in the ready-made food sector, will increase in the coming years.
Free-living nematodes of the families Selachinematidae and Richtersiidae in the White Sea (Nematoda, Chromadoria)
Authors: Okhlopkov J.R.
Published: August 2022

Eight species of the families Selachinematidae and Richthersiidae are found in the White Sea, North Russia. The new species, Gammanema anthostoma sp. n., is distinguished by the peculiar chelostomal rugae protruding from the mouth. Its males differ from the males of all Gammanema species in the lack of supplementary organs. Females of G. anthostoma sp. n. differ from those of the two Gammanema species whose males are hitherto unknown: from the females of G. mediterraneum Vitieello, 1970 in the lacking long somatic setae, value of the b index and three times longer body; and from females of G. cancellatum Gerlach, 1955 in the lenth ratio of the outer labial and cephalic setae. Six swpecies (Choniolaimus panicus, Gammanema fennicum, G. rapax, Halichoanolaimus robustus, Latronema aberrans, Richthersia inaequalis) are recorded from the White Sea for the first time. G. fennicum is ressurected as a good species and its male is described for the first time; this species is strongly sexually dimorphic. G. rapax is a very variable species or even a group of species, as its redescriptions differ in important details: its wide distribution needs confirmation. In males of Latronema aberrans, the spermatozoa are filiform unlike rounded spermatozoa of other selachinematids.
Two new species of Paradiestrammena from Southern Japan (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Aemodogryllinae)
Authors: Gorochov A.V.
Published: August 2022

Two new species of the genus Paradiestrammena from the Southern Ryukyus are described.
Description of three new species of Geomonhystera (Nematoda: Monhysterida)
Authors: Gagarin V.G.
Published: August 2022

Geomonhystera longicaudata sp. n. from Israel is close to G. australis (Cobb, 1893), but differs in the shorter body, longer cephalic and labial setae, longer tail and absence of stomatal denticles. G. media sp. n. from the Ukraine and Australia is close to G. maxicana (Brzeski, 1993), but differs in the longer cephalic and labial setae, more posteriorly situated amphidial opening, and absence of stomatal denticles. G. altaica sp. n. from Russia is close to G. longicaudata, but differs in the shorter cephalic and labial setae and in the ratio vulva-anus distance to anal diameter. G. australis (Cobb, 1893), G. breviseta (Brzeski, 1993), G. mexicana (Brzeski, 1993), G. longicaudata sp. n., G. media sp. n., G. altaica sp. n. are very similar and form within the genus the G. australis species-group. A key to species of this group is given.
Redescription of Theristus pannonicus Andrassy, 1985 from the Ukraine (Nematoda, Monhysterida)
Authors: Gagarin V.G. , Holovachov O.V.
Published: August 2022

Theristus pannonicus Andrássy, 1985 is redescribed from mature females and males collected in the Ukrainian Carpathians. The species is compared with the closely related T. ruffoi Andrássy, 1959, from which it dffers in the shorter body and tail, longer labial setae, wider amphidial fovea and shorter gubernaculum.
Single-Level Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion versus Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion at L5/S1 for an Obese Population
Authors: Patel Madhav Rajesh , Jacob Kevin Chacko , Zamanian Cameron , Pawlowski Hanna , Prabhu Michael Clifford , Vanjani Nisheka Navin , Singh Kern
Published: August 2022

Study Design: Retrospective study.Purpose: To compare perioperative outcomes, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) achievement rates for an obese patient cohort between single-level minimally invasive (MIS) transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) vs. anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF).Overview of Literature: To the best of our knowledge, no study has compared the outcomes of MIS TLIF and ALIF in an obese population.Methods: Obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥30.0 kg/m2) who underwent single-level MIS TLIF or ALIF at L5/S1 were included in the study. Demographic/perioperative variables, presenting patient pathology, and 1-year arthrodesis statistics were collected. PROM scores for Visual Analog Scale (VAS) back/leg, Oswestry Disability Index, 12-item Short Form Physical Composite Scale, and Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Physical Function (PROMIS-PF) were collected from preoperative and postoperative (6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years) PROMIS-PF. The obese patients were classified based on the procedure they underwent (MIS TLIF vs. ALIF).Results: The criteria were met by 210 patients in total. After coarsened exact matching for Charlson comorbidity index score, degenerative spondylolisthesis, isthmic spondylolisthesis, degenerative scoliosis, foraminal stenosis, insurance, male, and ethnicity, 94 obese patients were included in the total cohort, with 59 receiving MIS TLIF and 35 receiving ALIF. ALIF recipients had higher PROMIS-PF scores at 6 weeks (p=0.014) and 12 weeks (p=0.030), as well as a higher VAS leg at 2 years (p=0.017). Following multiple regression accounting for differences in baseline BMI, only the 6-week PROMIS-PF significantly differed (p=0.028), with no other intergroup differences in mean PROMs between fusion types. Aside from a significantly higher 6-week MCID achievement rate for PROMIS-PF among ALIF recipients (p=0.006), no differences in attainment were observed.Conclusions: There were no statistically significant differences in perioperative characteristics, fusion rates, PROMs, or MCID achievement between obese patients receiving MIS TLIF vs. ALIF. As a result, our findings indicate that MIS TLIF and ALIF at L5/S1 are equally effective in an obese patient population.
Comparative Study on the Therapeutic Effect of Camel, Buffalo and Cow Milk against Tuberculosis Disease
Authors: Tahir Shahida , Razzaq Poushmal Abdul , Iftikhar Mariam , Iqbal Sana , Ijaz Adan , Faiz Anila , Aman Faseeha , Khalid Ammara , Parveen Saima , Hussain Hasham , Zafar Muhammad Zubair
Published: August 2022

Introduction: One third of the world population currently suffers from tuberculosis and Pakistan ranks 5th in global tuberculosis burden. These health issues are currently creating an alarming situation in Pakistan due to poor eating habits, unhealthy and unhygienic living conditions, immune-compromised status of the health. Objective: This study was conducted to compare the therapeutic potential of camel, buffalo and cow milk on the human subjects suffering from tuberculosis. Methodology: The camel, buffalo and cowmilk analysis were carried out in Dairy Technology Laboratory. Chemical analysis of milk was done by proximate analysis. The efficacy study was conducted at District TB Hospital Faisalabad. After chemical analysis milk was offered to the patients suffered with tuberculosis and several parameters (age, body weight, BMI, ESR, Chest X-Ray and Sputum Smear Test) were recorded. Twenty-four patients diagnosed with tuberculosis were selected and divided into four groups. Group one was control group. Three treatments were framed (camel milk, buffalo milk and cow milk) and provided with 250ml of milk twice a day for forty days. Several parameters (body weight, Body Mass Index, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), chest X-Ray and sputum smear test) were recorded. Results: A significant increase in BMI of three groups (camel, buffalo and cow milk group) was observed. The significant decrease in ESR from 47.00 to 25.50 mm/hour was seen in P1 group while in P2 and P3 it was decreased from 49.17 to 40.83 mm/hour and 55.00 to 47.83 mm/hour respectively. Five patients were recovered by camel milk while only half patient showed negative report in sputum smear test in cow and buffalo milk fed group. Conclusion: Camel milk had beneficial effect on reduction of tuberculosis in human. However, due to short duration of study the effect of camel milk on sputum conversions and chest X-ray was not significant
Pattern of Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammtory Drugs in Rural Population, Kerala
Authors: Tom Annmaria , Sabu Hima , S S Kiron
Published: August 2022

Introduction: In India, though studies regarding NSAIDs were conducted, prevalence of its use and its impact on general health is largely lacking. As the prevalence of unmonitored analgesic and NSAID use is rising, it is imperative to assess the pattern of NSAID use and its associated factors. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional, questionnaire-based survey conducted over a period of 6 months in the rural population of Kerala, India. The data was collected with the aid of a Google form. All the data were documented and analysed based on a standard protocol. Results: The prevalence of NSAID use among the 608 participants was found to be 43.4%. The prevalence of regular NSAID use was found to be 17.43%. It was found that females used NSAIDs more than the males (49.4%). Regular NSAID use was also found to be higher in thefemale population (19.9%). Diclofenac (27.6%) and mefenamic acid (24.2%) were the most commonly used NSAIDs. Headache was the major indication (29.9%) for which these drugs were taken. Conclusion: The study analysed the pattern of NSAID use among the rural population of Kerala. The results obtained from the study is indicating to the negligent use of NSAIDs despite being aware of the possible adverse outcomes of its use by the population. This shows that the knowledge about the safe use of NSAIDs is yet to be inculcated in the society.
Optimizing NPK fertilizer requirements for Jatropha zeyheri tea under greenhouse conditions
Authors: BANGO HAPPY , MPHOSI MABOKO S. , SHADUNG KAGISO G.
Published: August 2022

Jatropha zeyheri is an indigenous crop to South Africa, which contains tea brewing and medicinal properties commonly utilized by local communities in rural areas of South Africa. Domestication and commercialization of indigenous herbal teas have gained popularity in recent years however, domestication of J. zeyheri will require optimum NPK fertilizer mixture to improve the yield and quality. Therefore, the study was intended to determine whether different fertilizer application rates will optimize yield parameters of J. zeyheri tea under greenhouse conditions. At two-leaf stage, J. zeyheri seedlings were transplanted into 25 cm diameter plastic pots. Each pot was filled with heated-pasteurised sandy soil and Hygromix at 3:1 (v/v) ratio and placed in a spacing of 0.30 m × 0.30 m inter-and intra-row spacing. Six treatments constituting NPK fertilizer rates (0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 g) were arranged in a randomized complete block design, with five replications. Treatments were initiated a week after transplanting, and 130 days after that, treatments had highly significant effects on chlorophyll content, leaf width and dry root mass, contributing 70, 78 and 62% in total treatment variation (TTV), respectively. In contrast, vine length, stem diameter and leaf length were significant, contributing 47, 60 and 49% in TTV, respectively. However, treatments had no significant effects on normalized difference vegetation index, number of leaves and dry shoot mass. Jatropha zeyheri plant variables exhibited positive quadratic relations with increasing fertilizer levels. Fertilizer requirements for J. zeyheri were optimized at 3.34 g fertilizer/plant, which translates to 33 kg NPK fertilizer/ha for 10 000 plants of J. zeyheri. In conclusion, J. zeyheri appears to qualify as a low-input tea crop.
Рromising sorghum hybrids for solid fuel production
Authors:   State Enterprise Institute of Grain Crops NAAS, Nosov M. H. , Yalanskyi O. V. ,   State Enterprise Institute of Grain Crops NAAS
Published: August 2022

Topicality. In Ukraine, up to 5 million hectares of land were removed from agricultural crop rotation. These lands can be successfully used for bioenergy due to soil recultivation. They are represented by both ordinary soils contaminated with heavy metals and completely degraded alumina with high salinity. Issues. The land improvement aims to obtain biomass for the bioenergy industry, also to restore fertility, improve the ecological condition of the man-made region, and create new jobs. With proper use, considering all the above aspects, soils can gradually return to agricultural crop rota-tion. Aim. To study and select an initial material for the development of high-yield hybrids of sugar sorghum and broom millet for solid fuel production. Materials. Variety testing trials on sugar sorghum was carried out at the Synelnykove Breeding and Research Station, where 59 samples were examined, their yield was 23–79 t/ha. Results. We identified the promising hybrid combinations with the highest yield of green mass: F1 (Nyzkorosle 93s x Karlykove 45) – 79.7 t/ha, and F1 (Dn71s x Karlykove 45) – 73.6 t/ha. The yield of samples F1 (Rannie 776s x Karlykove 45) and F1 (Yefremivske bile 2s x Karlykove 45) was slightly less, and amounted to 67.4 and 67.0 t/ha, respectively. According to the grain yield, the best samples were F1 (Nyzkorosle 93s x Karlykove 45) –12.7 t/ha and F1 (A158 x Karlykove 45) – 9.0 t/ha. According to the yield of dry matter of green mass, it was stood out F1 (Yefremivske bile 2c x Karlykove 45) – 34.8 t/ha and F1 (Nyzkorosle 93c x Karlykove 45) – 33.5 t/ha. The highest sugar content was found in F1 (Nyzkorosle 93c x Krasen) – 17.3 %, F1 (Rannie 776s x Krasen) – 16.5 %, and F1 (Yefremivske bile 2c x Karlykove 45) – 16.4 %. The excess over the standard was 18 %. Conclusions. Therefore, high-yielding hybrids of sugar sorghum are the most economical and energetically expedient source of raw materials for the bioenergy industry. It was selected the bioenergy hybrid of F1 (Nizkorosle 93c x Karlykove 45), which favorably differs from the standard in productivity and manufacturability. Also, Karlykove 45 variety was selected as a pollinator for the development of hybrids for solid biofuel. Key words: sugar sorghum, bioenergy, solid fuel, fertile lines, yield, green mass.