bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fluralaner 5.46% (W/W) Flavored Chewable Tablet (Bravecto® 1-Month) Is Effective for Treatment of Canine Generalized Demodicosis
Authors: Rohdich Nadja , Meyer Leon , Guerino Frank
Published: October 2021

Background: Orally administered fluralaner (13.64% w/w) is effective for treating canine generalized demodicosis. A study was initiated to assess the efficacy of a novel 5.46% w/w fluralaner chewable tablet formulation for monthly administration in the treatment of this disease.Methods: Client-owned dogs diagnosed with generalized demodicosis were acclimatized to laboratory conditions and randomized to receive either orally administered fluralaner (Bravecto® 1-Month) (10.0 to 14.4 mg/kg body weight) (n = 8) or topical imidacloprid-moxidectin (Advocate® for dogs, Elanco) applied per label on Days 0, 28 and 56 (n = 8), or more frequently for ongoing severe demodicosis. On Days -2, 28, 56 and 84, deep skin scrapings were taken from 5 sites on each dog for mite identification and counting, and semi-quantitative clinical assessments of generalized demodicosis were recorded. Primary efficacy was based upon arithmetic mean mite count reductions relative to pre-treatment.Results: By Day 28, mean pre-treatment mite counts, >600 in both groups, were significantly reduced by 99.7% and 89.5% (both P < 0.001) in the fluralaner and imidacloprid-moxidectin groups, respectively. Parasitological cure (100% reduction in mite counts on Days 56 and 84) was achieved in all fluralaner-treated dogs (100%) and in 2 imidacloprid-moxidectin treated dogs (25%). In the imidacloprid-moxidectin group, the reduction in mean mite counts was 89.5% (Day 28), 94.4% (Day 56) and 97.5% (Day 84). All study dogs were free of crusts on Days 56 and 84. Scales resolved by Day 84 in all fluralaner-treated dogs and in 3 imidacloprid-moxidectin treated dogs. All fluralaner-treated dogs and 5 imidacloprid-moxidectin treated dogs had > 90% hair re-growth on Day 84.Conclusion Three consecutive monthly oral administrations of fluralaner (5.46% w/w) flavored chewable tablets (minimum dose rate 10 mg/kg body weight) eliminated Demodex canis mites from dogs diagnosed with generalized demodicosis.
Case report: A EWSR1-CREM-Rearranged Gastric Mesenchymal Tumor Accompanied by Gastritis Cystica Profunda and with Probable Benign Behavior
Authors: Cui Qian , Wu Hongmei , Chen Yu , Xiao Zebin , Chen Jie , Li Zhi
Published: October 2021

Background:Genomic rearrangements involving EWSR1 and the CREB family of transcription factors are increasingly detected in an array of mesenchymal neoplasms, including clear cell sarcoma-like tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (CCSLGT), a gastrointestinal malignancy. Gastritis cystica profunda (GCP) is a rare disease characterized by cystic dilatation of gastric glands into the submucosa and generally regarded as a precursor to tumor.Case presentation:Herein, we report a peculiar case in which a EWSR1-CREM-rearranged gastric mesenchymal tumor was admixed with GCP in a gastric fundic mass in a 64-year-old woman. Histologically, the mass showed readily distinguishable epithelial and mesenchymal components. All layers of the gastric wall were invaded, although no lymph node or neural invasion, or tumoral vascular emboli was noted. The epithelial component consisted of foveolar-type glands interspersed with pyloric-type ones, with glands showing metaplastic growth. Most glands were elongated with irregular contour, with some forming cystic structures containing eosinophilic secretory material. The epithelial cells showed focally atypical hyperchromatic nuclei, inconspicuous nucleoli, slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, and infrequent mitosis. The mesenchymal component consisted of monomorphic, ovoid-shaped cells often arranged in sheets surrounding the glands. These cells displayed scanty cytoplasm, regular nuclei, and rare mitotic figures. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial cells were uniformly positive for cytokeratins and negative for markers of neuroendocrine differentiation, and the mesenchymal neoplasm showed focal positivity for CD10, CD117 and CD56 as well as negativity for cytokeratin, neuroendocrine markers, DOG-1, CD34, SMA, desmin, HMB-45, Melan A, and S-100. An EWSR1-CREM fusion was identified with genomic profiling and confirmed with fluorescence in situ hybridization in the tumor. Given the low mitotic activity, absence of nodal or distant spread and vascular or neural invasion, and the disease-free status at 28-month follow-up, both lesions were likely benign. Conclusions:To our knowledge, this is the first to report a EWSR1-CREM fusion in a gastric mesenchymal tumor with accompanying GCP. Whether this case suggests a novel entity or falls into one of proposed classes awaits report of more similar cases and insights into the relationship between GCP pathogenesis and oncogenesis.
Aortic Valve Calcium Score as Measured by Native Vs. Contrast Enhanced Computer Tomography and the Implications for the Diagnosis of Severe Aortic Stenosis in TAVR Patients With Low Gradient Aortic Stenosis.
Authors: Garhy Mohammad El , Costello Ellizabeth
Published: October 2021

Purposewe compared between patients with low gradient (LG) and high gradient (HG) severe aortic stenosis (AS) as regard the burden of aortic valve calcium (AVC) using different methodologies. Moreover, we evaluated the accuracy of published thresholds for the diagnosis of severe AS in both groups. Methodswe measured the calcium volume and score using Agatston methodology in non-contrast (n-c) CT and with modified and fixed 850 Hounsfield unit (HU) thresholds in contrast enhanced (ce) CT. ResultsThe medians (IQR) of Agatston score, score with 850 HU and modified thresholds were 1288 AU (750-1815), 101 (65-256), 701 (239-1632), respectively. The calcium volume in ceCT using fixed 850 HU thresholds is significantly lower than the assessed volume in ncCT or in ceCT using modifiable threshold. LG patients were more obese; BMI 31.2 (29.1-35.1) vs 27.6 (26-31) and presented more with coronary artery disease (71.4% vs 40%). AF was documented in 42% in LG-patients vs 30% in HG patients. LVEF was severely depressed (less than 30%) in 28.6% in LG-patients. LG patients were more symptomatic (NYHA ≥ III in 71.4% patients vs 42%).The LG patients had smaller anatomy: annulus diameter 23.5mm (21.5-27) vs 25mm (23-25.5), LVOT diameter 23mm (20-20) vs 25mm (23-26.7mm). The annulus geometry was more eccentric; eccentric index 0.23 (0.19-0.27) vs 0.11 (0.1-0.2). Agatston score and calcium volume were lower in patients with LG; 1641AU (1292-1990) vs 928AU (572-1284) and 1537mm³ (644-1860) vs 286mm³ (160-700), respectively. Only 20% of patients with LG had Agatston score less than the previously supposed AVC score threshold for the diagnosis of severe AS (>2000AU in men and >1200 in women). The elimination of ncCT from the protocol reduced significantly the radiation dose by 400.3 ± 140 mGy*cm and 2.4 ± 2.8mSv.ConclusionThe diagnosis of severe LGAS should not depend on a single parameter as calcium score. The measurement of calcium score in contrast CT underestimate the calcium load significantly.
Half-life of Ingested Antibodies in Anopheles Stephensi Mosquito Is Less Than 10 Hours
Authors: Miura Kazutoyo , Bingbing Deng , Gebremicale Yonas T , Pham Thao P , Diouf Ababacar , Zhou Luwen , Locke Emily , MacGill Randall S , Long Carole A
Published: October 2021

Background: A transmission-blocking vaccine (TBV) can be a useful tool to reduce malaria infection in an endemic area. For a TBV, elicited antibody (either by itself or working with complement) has a critical role in the mechanism of action, which for most known TBV targets, blockade will occur within the mosquito. However, no study has quantitively assessed the longevity of ingested antibody in Anopheles mosquito vectors. Methods: A mixture of mouse or human monoclonal antibody (mAb), human red blood cells and human serum were fed to An. stephensi mosquitoes, and their midguts were collected at multiple time points (0 to 48 hours; 12 mosquitoes at each time point) after feeds. The reactivity of antibodies against target antigen (integrity of antigen-binding region of the antibody) in each midgut was assessed by ELISA. For one mouse mAb, integrity of antibody constant region was also determined by western blot (WB) with a mouse-specific secondary antibody.Results: First, the half-life of mouse anti-Pfs25 mAb, 4B7, was determined both by ELISA and WB in three independent assays. When the ELISA and WB signals were plotted against time after feed, both data reasonably fit one-phase exponential decay models (R2 B 0.70), and the half-lives were estimated as 8.6 hours by ELISA and 4.7 hours by WB. To determine whether the longevity was affected by target antigens or species of antibody, two human anti-Pfs25 mAbs (AB1245 and AB2544), one human anti-Pfs48/45 mAb (TB31F), and one mouse anti-Pfs230 mAb (15A4-1B12) were examined by ELISA in two or three independent assays. The ELISA results of each additional mAb also reasonably fit to a one-phase exponential decay model (R2 a 0.78), and the half-lives of those mAbs were similar to that of 4B7 (7.2 to 9.3 hours), except AB1245 which showed a half-life of 4.6 hours. Conclusions: Depending on the methods of detection and mAbs used, the longevity of ingested antibody varied around 2-fold, but all estimated half-lives were < 10 hours. These data suggest a TBV with antibody dependent mechanism of action(s) is more likely to succeed when targeting earlier stages of parasites (or parasite interaction) in mosquitoes.
B3galt5 Deficiency Attenuates Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Suppressing mTOR/p70s6k-Mediated Glycolysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Liu Hao , Zhao Rongjie , Lu Qian , Wang Haidong , Liu Yunlong , Han Yicheng , Ren Lulu , Pan Hongming , Han Weidong
Published: October 2021

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies with high morbidity and mortality. Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase 5 (b3galt5) plays crucial roles in protein glycosylation, but its function in HCC remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of b3galt5 in HCC. Methods: B3galt5 expression was measured by western blotting in HCC patient specimens. The role of b3galt5 in hepatocarcinogenesis was determined by cell function assays and diethylnitrosamine (DEN)/TCPOBOP-induced mice HCC models. We performed metabolomics analysis and proteomic sequencing of liver cancer cells from b3galt5-knockdown mice. The glycolysis was detected by Seahorse XF96 extracellular flux analyzer.Results: B3galt5 is highly expressed and associated with a poor prognosis in HCC patients. In vitro studies showed that b3galt5 promoted the proliferation and survival of HCC cells. We also demonstrated that b3galt5 deficiency suppressed hepatocarcinogenesis in DEN/TCPOBOP-induced HCC. Further investigation confirmed that b3galt5 promoted aerobic glycolysis in HCC. Mechanistically, b3galt5 promoted glycolysis by activating the mTOR/p70s6k pathway through N-linked glycosylation modification. Moreover, p70s6k inhibition reduced the expression of key glycolytic enzymes and the glycolysis rate in b3galt5-overexpressing cells. Conclusions: Our study uncovers a novel mechanism by which b3galt5 mediates glycolysis in HCC and highlights the b3galt5-mTOR/p70s6k axis as a potential target for HCC therapy.
Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Relieve Postoperative Abdominal Adhesion By Activating the MAPK-ERK 1/2 and PI3K-Akt Pathways
Authors: Shi Manyu , Liu Hengchen , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Mingzhao , Tang Xin , Zhang Zenan , Yang Shulong , Lu Wenjun , Jiang Zhitao , Cui Qingbo , Li Zhaozhu
Published: October 2021

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential for peritoneal repair and regeneration. However, the roles of exosomes (Exos) derived from MSCs are not well understood. Therefore, our aim was to elucidate the therapeutic effect of MSC-derived Exos on peritoneal injury. Methods: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived Exos (ADSC-Exos) were isolated using ultracentrifugation and then injected through the tail vein. Rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) were extracted using enzymatic digestion of the peritoneal cavity. Postsurgical adhesions were brought on by scratching rat cecums. The anti-adhesion effects of ADSC-Exos in rats were evaluated using the Nair’s scoring system at 8 and 15 days after abdominal surgery. In addition, the levels of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in rat peritoneal fluid were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays at 8 days after operation. Expression differences in inflammatory and apoptotic markers were detected using immunofluorescence at 4 days after surgery. H&E staining and immunohistochemistry were employed to observe histological changes and expression changes of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related indices after 15 days. In vitro, ADSC-Exo-driven RPMC proliferation was assessed via 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine assay. Cell migration was determined using scratch-wound and transwell assays. Related signaling networks were estimated based on sequencing and bioinformatics analyses. The roles of the MAPK-ERK1/2 and PI3K-Akt signaling networks were analyzed using immunoblotting.Results: ADSC-Exos were incorporated into RPMCs, where they induced cell proliferation and migration in proportion to dosage. This was likely mediated via stimulation of the MAPK-ERK 1/2 and PI3K-Akt axes. In vivo, the ADSC-Exos group had a lower adhesion score than the control group at 15 days. At postoperative day 4, inflammation and apoptosis were markedly inhibited by ADSC-Exos. At 8 days, ADSC-Exos treatment decreased PAI-1 expression and increased tPA expression in peritoneal fluid. At 15 days, ADSC-Exos potentially helped regulate the ECM balance.Conclusions: ADSC-Exos may promote the healing of injured peritoneal tissue, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for peritoneal adhesions.
Histopathology and Ultrastructural Findings of Fatal COVID-19 Infections in Kurdistan Province, Iran: A Case Series
Authors: Nikkhoo Bahram , Nasseri Karim , Rasouli Mohammad Aziz , Moasses-Ghafari Bahar
Published: October 2021

Background: Coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and is the cause of an ongoing pandemic, with increasing deaths worldwide. Here in we present the results of the histopathological study of the main organs of 25 patients who died due to confirmed COVID-19.Methods: In this case series, patients base on needle necropsy of multiple organs of dead patients with a positive antemortem SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) real time PCR. Needle necropsy of corpses of 25 patients enrolling the study were performed until 3 hours after death in the negative-pressure isolation morgue who hospitalized at Kurdistan University of medical sciences Tohid and Kowsar hospitals with proved COVID-19 infection and were died due to severe disease manifestations.Results: The mean age of the participants in this study was 74.68 ± 9.41 (52–91) years old. The participants included 19 men (76%) and 6 women (24%). In myocardial necropsy, twelve patients were reported to be lymphocytic myocarditis, three of them were reported to have pericarditis as well, and in one case focal visual fibrosis was reported. Histopathological examinations of liver revealed that among twenty-two samples, five cases had acute hepatitis that four of them were mild in type. Steatohepatitis was reported in six cases and two of them were macrovesicular in type. Macrovesicular Steatosis was reported along with steatohepatitis and stage 4 fibrosis through trichrome staining. Muscles necropsy revealed viral myositis for three patients.Conclusions: Our study shows extra-pulmonary multi organ involvement through COVID-19 disease. 77% of patients representing acute or chronic hepatitis and 48% of them revealed lymphocytic myocarditis accompanied with pericarditis in 12% of cases and 12% of patient’s show myositis. It looks diffuse inflammatory disease which attacks to some organs like myocardium, liver and muscles. Broad extra pulmonary pathology and laboratory findings are occurred that all suggestive of multi organ involvement directly or through systemic viremia and immune system response.
Mechanistic Approaches to the Light-Induced Neural Cell Differentiation: Photobiomodulation vs Low-Dose Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Topaloglu Nermin , Bakay Emel
Published: October 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases are the results of irreversible damages in the neuronal cells by affecting vital functions temporarily or even permanently. The use of light for the treatment of these diseases is an emerging promising innovative method. Photobiomodulation (PBM) and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) are the modalities that have a wide range of use in medicine and have opposite purposes, biostimulation and cell death respectively. In this study, we aimed to compare these two modalities (PDT and PBM) at low-level intensities and create a stimulatory effect on the differentiation of PC12 cells. Three different energy densities (1, 3, and 5 J/cm 2 ) were used in PBM and Chlorin e6-mediated PDT applications upon irradiation with 655-nm laser light.The light-induced differentiation profile of PC12 cells was analyzed by morphological examinations, qRT-PCR, cell viability assay, and some mechanistic approaches such as; the analysis of intracellular ROS production, NO release, and mitochondrial membrane potential change. It has been observed that both of these modalities were successful at neural cell differentiation. PBM at 1 J/cm 2 and low-dose PDT at 3 J/cm 2 energy densities provided the best differentiation profiles which were proved by the over-expressions of SYN-1 and GAP43 genes. It was also observed that intracellular ROS production and NO release had pivotal roles in these mechanisms with more cell differentiation obtained especially in low-dose PDT application. It can be concluded that light-induced mechanisms with properly optimized light parameters have the capacity for neural cell regeneration and thus, can be a successful treatment for incurable neurodegenerative diseases.
scONE-seq: A one-tube single-cell multi-omics method enables simultaneous dissection of molecular phenotype and genotype heterogeneity from frozen tumors
Authors: Wu Angela , Yu Lei , Wang Xinlei , Mu Quanhua , Tam Sindy , Loi Danson , Chan Aden , Poon Wai Sang , Ng Ho-Keung , Chan Danny , Wang Jiguang
Published: October 2021

Genomic and transcriptomic heterogeneity both play important roles in normal cellular function as well as in disease development. To be able to characterize these different forms of cellular heterogeneity in diverse sample types, we developed scONE-seq, which enables simultaneous transcriptome and genome profiling in a one-tube reaction. Previous single-cell-whole-genome-RNA-sequencing (scWGS-RNA-seq) methods require physical separation of DNA and RNA, often by physical separation of the nucleus from the cytoplasm. These methods are labor-intensive and technically demanding, time-consuming, or require special devices, and they are not applicable to frozen samples that cannot generate intact single-cell suspensions. scONE-seq is a one-tube reaction, thus is highly scalable and is the first scWGS-RNA-seq method compatible with frozen biobanked tissue. We benchmarked scONE-seq against existing methods using cell lines and lymphocytes from a healthy donor, and we applied it to a 2-year-frozen astrocytoma sample profiling over 1,200 nuclei, subsequently identifying a unique transcriptionally normal-like tumor clone. scONE-seq makes it possible to perform large-scale single-cell multi-omics interrogation with ease on the vast quantities of biobanked tissue, which could transform the scale of future multi-omics single-cell cancer profiling studies.
Explanation of frequency distinguishing in human ear (using computer model)
Authors: Ostrowski Michael
Published: October 2021

The inspiration for this model ware possibilities of the human ear to distinguish the frequency of sounds and a diffraction grating. Detection takes place after max. 15 length of the wave (arbitrary choice). The range of frequencies to detect for tests – 800-3200 Hz: detection every 5 Hz in the range 800-1600 Hz and 10 Hz in the range 1600-3200 Hz (arbitrary choice). It can explain the residual hearing effect (missing tone f is heard when harmonic tones 2f, 3f and 4f are played). The algorithm can be used as an alternative for FFT. Model uses only memory for delay line end for results, and adding operation, so it should be fast and cheep, and can work on-line in real-time. Testing program was written in Perl.
Von Mithradates von Kios bis Mithradates V. Euergetes. Kritische Bemerkungen zu Duane Rollers „Empire of the Black Sea“
Authors: Coşkun Altay
Published: October 2021

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Techno-Economic Analysis of Electricity Generation from Polyethylene Plastics Using Fast Pyrolysis
Authors: Oladepo Oladimeji
Published: October 2021

This project seeks to determine the most viable states for Energy production using plastic MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) using fast pyrolysis process. This is determined by performing a techno-economic analysis on these states. Two states were chosen in each of Nigeria’s six Geopolitical zones. This would provide valuable insight into the energy realizable from this technique, the environmental impact and also the cost implications.
Determinan Nilai Perusahaan Sebelum dan pada Masa Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Ambarwati Sri , Astuti Tri , Azzahra Salsabila
Published: October 2021

This study aims to see the condition of companies in the consumer goods industry sector before the pandemic and during the pandemic using indicators such as Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), Net Profit Margin ( NPM) and company size against firm value. In the period before and during the Covid-19 PandemicThe method used in this research is quantitative method using secondary data from the company's financial statements for the first quarter until third quarter of 2019 and 2020 using regression method and different test Paired Sample t Test. . The results of this study indicate that (1) the Current Ratio before the Covid-19 pandemic had a significant negative effect on firm value, while Current The ratio during the Covid-19 pandemic did not have a significant effect on the firm value variable, (2) the Debt to Equity Ratio before the Covid-19 pandemic had a significant negative effect on the firm value variable, while the Debt to Equity Ratio during the Covid-19 pandemic had no significant effect on company value, (3) Return on Assets before and during the Covid-19 pandemic did not have a significant effect on the firm value variable, (4) Return on Equity before and during the Covid-19 pandemic had no significant effect on firm value, (5) Net Profit margin has a significant negative effect on firm value before and during pandemi Covid-19, and (6) company size has a significant positive effect on company value before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Obtaining Competitive Advantage in Non-Formal English Education Industry in Indonesia: A Model Proposition
Authors: Wulandari Respati
Published: October 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of entrepreneurship on innovation in the non-formal English education industry geared towards achieving competitive advantage. Entrepreneurship is viewed through leadership, culture and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial leadership is a leadership approach that involves managerial and entrepreneurial capacity where this type of leadership is effective in running the business. So far, research on non-formal education in English through an entrepreneurial perspective and a strategic entrepreneur approach is very limited. Thus, a model proposal is constructed derived and drawn from the qualitative research that was conducted. This study will provide a review of entrepreneurship and innovation in non-formal education businesses in English.
Analysis of Voice Recognition System on Translator for Daily Use
Authors: Fonggi Yudi Aryatama , Oktavianus Tio
Published: October 2021

This research paper’s aim is to analyse the usage and the implementation of voice recognition system in translator device by reviewing some of literatures in aspect of linguistic and voice recognition system. This research purpose is to understand the procedure of how the voice recognition system is implemented and what the impact of using the translator device for daily use is in a lot of field. This paper also include a review about what is the importance of multilinguistic skill, what is the problem that we usually have in multilinguistic communication usually in global environment, How the basic system that usually use in voice recognition system so the reader can learn by describing the procedure of voice recognition system,In what way the implementation of voice recognition in translator device by providing some example of the devices, and How is the development of the translation devices and the example of translator device usage in society.
Okuma Araştırmalarında Geçmişten Günümüze Göz İzleme Tekniği
Authors: ÖZER Esmehan , ÖZDEMİR Selda
Published: October 2021

Giriş: Göz izleme, okurların okuma sırasında ne zaman, nereye baktıklarının ve baktıkları yerlere hangi sırayla baktıklarının ölçümlenip kaydedilmesini sağlamaktadır. Günümüzde göz izleme teknolojisinde yaşanan gelişme ve ilerlemeler okuma becerisinin doğasının anlaşılmasının yanı sıra, okurların okuma esnasında gerçekleştirdikleri bireysel bilişsel işlemlemelerin incelendiği araştırmalara yansıyarak bu araştırmalara hız kazandırmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, okuma becerisinin incelenmesinde kullanılan göz izleme tekniğinin tarihsel gelişim sürecinin ele almasıdır. Bu bağlamda göz izleme tekniği ile okuma becerisinin incelendiği ilk yıllar, davranışçı yaklaşım nedeniyle göz izleme tekniği ile okuma becerisi araştırmalarının durduğu dönem, okuma becerisinin göz izleme tekniği ile incelenmesinin yeniden yükselişe geçtiği yıllar ve göz izleme tekniğinin 2000’li yıllarla beraber günümüzde bilimsel ve teknolojik olarak hızlı bir biçimde ilerlemesi ile ilgili bilgiler verilmektedir. Ayrıca özel eğitim alanında özel gereksinimli bireylerin okuma becerilerinin incelenmesinde göz izleme tekniği ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmalara ilişkin bilgiler yer almaktadır.Tartışma: Mevcut çalışmada, sekme göz hareketinin fark edilmesinden göz izleme tekniğin günümüzde yaygın kullanımına kadar geçen süreçte tekniğin gelişim aşamaları ele alınmaktadır. Böylelikle okuma becerisinin doğasının derinlemesine anlaşılarak okuma güçlüğünün tanı-değerlendirme süreçlerine yansımalarının araştırmacılara yol gösterici olması beklenmektedir.
Functional analysis of Middle Palaeolithic flint tools through experimental use wear analysis: the case of Prado Vargas (Cornejo) and Fuente Mudarra (Atapuerca), northern Spain
Authors: Santamaría Cabornero Claudia , Navazo Ruiz Marta , Benito-Calvo Alfonso
Published: October 2021

There are functional differences related to the peculiarities of each settlement. The material used to manufacture tools is one of the key factors in the analysis of use-wear traces in traceological studies. An experiment was conducted to test the development of these functional traces in two types of flints found at two Middle Palaeolithic settlements: Neogene flint, from the Fuente Mudarra open-air site Sierra de Atapuerca, and Cretaceous flint, from the Prado Vargas cave site, Ojo Guareña. After reviewing the characteristic of each type of flint, they were compared to previous archaeological studies in order to check the reliability of the analysis of these settlements.
3/2-approximation algorithm for a single machine scheduling problem
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Grigoreva Natalia S.
Published: October 2021

The problem of minimizing the maximum delivery times while scheduling tasks on a single processor is a classical combinatorial optimization problem. Each task ui must be processed without interruption for t(ui) time units on the machine, which can process at most one task at time. Each task uw; has a release time r(ui), when the task is ready for processing, and a delivery time g(ui). Its delivery begins immediately after processing has been completed. The objective is to minimize the time, by which all jobs are delivered. In the Graham notation this problem is denoted by 1|rj,qi|Cmax, it has many applications and it is NP-hard in a strong sense. The problem is useful in solving owshop and jobshop scheduling problems. The goal of this article is to propose a new 3/2-approximation algorithm, which runs in O(n log n) times for scheduling problem 1|rj.qi|Cmax. An example is provided which shows that the bound of 3/2 is accurate. To compare the effectiveness of proposed algorithms, random generated problems of up to 5000 tasks were tested.
Logical disputes and the a priori [Disputas lógicas e o a priori]
Authors: Priest Graham
Published: October 2021

In this paper, I propose a general model for the rational resolution of disputes about logic, and discuss a number of its features. These include its dispensing with a traditional notion of the a priori in logic, and some objections to which this might give rise.
As relações conviviais dos gregos: o éros e o erastés das relações cívicas e afetuosas [Living together among the Greeks: éros and erastés in civic loving relationships]
Authors: Spinelli Miguel
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste artigo consiste em acercar-se de uma compreensão histórica a respeito de como os gregos conceberam as relações entre o erastés (em geral traduzido por amante) e o eroménous (por ama-do). O artigo se organiza sob quatro aspectos: (1) o da homossexualidade e da erastía (da afeição reservada ao paidós); (2) o da concepção do masculino e do feminino em conformidade com o estatuto cívico; (3) o das requisições do eroménous e do erastés no contexto das relações cívicas e conviviais; (4) o da primazia cívica do masculino sobre o feminino e a ideação platônica de Sócrates como o protótipo de Eros: do deus que doma dentro do peito humano a inteligência e a sensatez da vontade.
Resolução e apreensão de princípios em Tomás de Aquino [Resolution and apprehension of principles in Aquinas]
Authors: Pazos Matheus
Published: October 2021

O escopo do presente artigo consiste em investigar a função da resolução na apreensão de princípios em Tomás de Aquino. Para tanto, examino o sentido da resolução do ente efetuada por Tomás em De veritate, q. 1, a. 1. Com o intuito de elucidar esse extrato textual, tenho por objetivo explicitar como Tomás associa o emprego da resolução, entendida como método próprio da razão humana, com a apreensão intelectual do ente que, de acordo com Tomás, é o princípio geral sem o qual todo conhecimento humano encontrar-se-ia desprovido de fundamentação.
Schopenhauer e a (in)quietude do objeto artístico: entre o grito sem voz do Laocoonte e o desejo de Pigmalião [Schopenhauer and the rest(lessness) of the art object: between the Laocoon’s voiceless scream and the Pygmalion’s desire]
Authors: Fonseca Eduardo Ribeiro da , Paes Luciana Lourenço
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo busca descrever e interpretar o Laocoonte de Schopenhauer à luz de uma compreensão mais contemporânea do objeto artístico, também pelo viés do criador quanto do apreciador de arte e, de um modo especial, da arte da escultura. O efeito artístico que acalma a vontade seria o único ou é apenas um impulso sublimado que, como os outros, representam ainda, sob todos os véus, o vívido desejo e a sensualidade que prometem a felicidade?
Pluralismo para além do ceticismo: o problema da justificação moral [Moral pluralism beyond relativism: the moral justification issue]
Authors: Chagas Flávia Carvalho
Published: October 2021

Um dos maiores problemas na ética contemporânea consiste em se e como é possível justificar um princípio moral capaz de garantir o pluralismo das várias concepções de bem em uma sociedade democrática sem acabar por defender um relativismo moral, tendo em vista não só a necessidade de se disputar racionalmente sobre questões valorativas, mas também pelo fato das atrocidades e violências que a humanidade já experienciou historicamente. Assim, ao contrário do que alguns teóricos pensam, pretendemos mostrar que o pluralismo ético-social pode ser garantido por uma concepção monista em ética a partir da retomada e da articulação da perspectiva kantiana de racionalidade prática, a qual se baseia, por sua vez, nas figuras da autonomia, liberdade e do princípio da universalização.
DEVELOPING INTELLIGENT SOFTWARE FOR COMPUTING PARALLELIZATION RESEARCH
Authors: Gavrilova Natalia M. , Plotonenko Yuri A. , STUPNIKOV Andrey A.
Published: October 2021

One of the most important ways of improving the speed of complex task solving is employing a multiprocessor computational system.
This paper describes the experience of software development for research management and solving educational problems using parallel computing technologies.
The authors describe approaches to computation parallelization using a multiprocessor system with shared memory within a task of finding a numerical root of a system of linear equations with a tridiagonal coefficient matrix that appears when solving a boundary problem for a partial differential equation of parabolic type, the heat equation.
Additionally, the approaches to parallelization implementation of the tridiagonal matrix method for the heat equation in the two-dimensional case within a numerical root-finding algorithm using the alternating-direction implicit method for a multiprocessor system with shared memory are described.
A finite-difference method of variable directions is used to find a numerical root of a heat equation in the two-dimensional case.
Sequential and parallel algorithms (two-sided Thomas algorithm and multithread horizontal block Thomas algorithm) that fit an execution on computational systems with shared memory have been used to implement a tridiagonal matrix method.
Two parallel computation organization technologies for computational systems with shared memory have been used for computation parallelization: one based on OpenMP technology and one using .NET framework facilities. The parallelization process and load balance serving have been performed by means of the environment in the first case as manual operation of threads parallelization process is allowed in the latter one.
As an assessment of the described approach performance, the calculation time for sequential and parallel algorithms is given depending on the task’s size and the number of threads used.
Comparison of the considered parallelization algorithms and implementation technologies is performed based on the analysis of the resulting acceleration. This paper shows that total computation time is several times smaller and calculation acceleration is several times bigger when using Thread instead of OpenMP.
An application has been developed that allows obtaining a visual result of modelling of process of temperature propagation in the study area using parallel calculation technologies in real time.
ANALYTICAL MODEL OF CONVECTIVE TEMPERATURE RECOVERY IN SHUT-IN WELL
Authors: Ramazanov Ayrat Sh. , Islamov Denis F.
Published: October 2021

Thermometry is the most informative method in the complex of field geophysical research. The method is applied at all stages of the well’s life. Modern technologies for recording the temperature in the well, for example, using a distributed fiber-optic sensor, allow continuous research, and in particular, to carry out temperature probing of the developed formations. Temperature sensing data can be used as an additional (alternative to pressure) independent source of information on reservoir properties.
To assess the parametric sensitivity of the temperature field in the well and to solve inverse problems of thermometry, mathematical models are needed to describe the thermohydrodynamic processes both in the reservoir and in the well.
This article is devoted to the development of an analytical model describing the change in temperature and pressure in the reservoir after a well shut-in, taking into account some approximations: zero compressibility of the reservoir, fluid and thermal conductivity. The pressure distribution in the reservoir is found from the solution of the piezoconductivity equation. And the temperature distribution from the heat flow equation. The method of characteristics was used for the solution.
The results of comparison of analytical and numerical solutions for temperature changes in a shut-in well are presented. It follows from the results obtained that the temperature after well shut-in is sensitive to the size of the near-wellbore zone with altered permeability and to the distribution of permeability in the formation.
The proposed analytical solution can be used in thermosimulators to solve inverse problems in order to estimate the parameters of the near-wellbore formation zone based on actual measurements of unsteady temperature in the wellbore of production wells, as well as for planning production geophysical studies using the thermometry method.
ENTROPY INFLUENCE ON THE DEPENDENCE OF THE NANOFLUIDS VISCOSITY ON TEMPERATURE AND SHEAR RATE
Authors: SEMIKHINA Lyudmila P. , Korovin Daniil D.
Published: October 2021

A Brookfield DV-II + Pro rotational viscometer was used to study the viscosity of 7 samples of concentrated nanodispersed systems (nanofluids) with a similar viscosity (6-22 mPa ∙ s), the particles of the dispersed phase in which are nanosized surfactant micelles and conglomerates from them. It was found that for 5 out of 7 studied reagents, there is a decrease in viscosity typical for dispersed systems with an increase in the shear rate, and their flow curves, that is, the dependence of the shear stress on the shear rate, correspond to the ideal plastic flow of non-Newtonian fluids. Moreover, with high reliability, R2 ≥ 0.999 is described by the Bingham equation with a small value of the limiting shear stress (less than 0.2 Pa). It is shown that all the studied reagents are also characterized by an increase in the activation energy of a viscous flow Е with an increase in the shear rate. As a result, a decrease in viscosity with an increase in shear rate, typical for disperse systems, including nanofluids, is provided by a more significant increase in entropy changes ΔS compared to Е. It has been substantiated that, depending on the ratio between the activation energy of viscous flow Е and the change in entropy ΔS, the viscosity of concentrated micellar dispersed systems with an increase in the shear rate can decrease, remain unchanged, and increase. The last two cases, not typical for disperse systems and nanofluids, were identified and studied using the example of two demulsifiers, RIK-1 and RIK-2, with a maximum of a very narrow particle size distribution at 160 ± 5 nm, corresponding to the size of a special type of very stable micelles Surfactant — vesicle.
A Detailed Biological Approach on Hormonal Imbalance Causing Depression in Critical Periods (Postpartum, Postmenopausal and Perimenopausal Depression) in Adult Women
Authors: Saraswat Nikita , Wal Pranay , Pal Rashmi S. , Wal Ankita , Pal Yogendra , Roohi Tamsheel F.
Published: October 2021

Background:

In today's global world, most women are experiencing midlife health problems which can affect their lives and mental status. Most of the diseases occurr after childbirth and during pregnancy or gestation period which can lead to severe problems such as postpartum depression (PPD), postmenopausal depression, perimenopausal depression which ultimately affects the mental health condition and develop various depressive episodes which ultimately lead to depression in women.

Objective:

The review paper gives the information that if there is untreated maternal depression then it can lead to anxiety, fear, negative effect on child development, disruption of the mother-infant relationship, and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in the early life of infants. Hormone levels are changed at the time of pregnancy.

Methods:

The data was collected by studying combination of research and review papers from different databases like PubMed, Medline, and Web of science by using search keywords like “Postpartum depression”, “Postmenopausal depression”, “Risk factors”, “Pathogenesis of PPD”, “Predictors of postpartum depression”.

Results:

This can lead to disrupting the quality of life of menopausal women like deficiency of nutrients, not properly regular physical activities, elevated Body Mass Index (BMI), loss of libido (loss of interest in sexual activities), due to the lack of education, and awareness among the people. Factors like increase in physical activity can naturally help in PPD condition. Mind body therapy, drug therapy and cognitive and mindfulness-based therapies help in hormonal imbalances.

Conclusion:

It was found that low birth weight and congenital abnormalities in babies lead to affect depression after delivery. It is recommended that health care providers and physicians are provided with information regarding factors contributing PPD and postmenopausal depression. Sleep timings and consumptions of nutraceuticals can help in natural healing with depression amongst women suffering from postpartum, postmenopausal and perimenopausal depression.
Transfusion practice and costs in a reference tertiary pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Atakul Gülhan , Ayhan Yuce , Topal Sevgi , Çolak Mustafa , Soydan Ekin , Seven Pınar , Ağın Hasan
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction: In this study, we aimed to discuss the transfusion-associated costs in view of transfusion practice in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) by considering previously well-defined indications of blood transfusions and the evidence-based evaluation for transfusion decision-making in pediatric patients.
Materials and Methods: During a year period (January 2017-December 2017) 76 patients, receiving transfusion with blood components along the stay in PICU were included in the study. Transfusion associated costs and total costs for healthcare services for children treated in PICU was collected by using Hospital Information System. Transfusion-associated costs depending on the supplies (such as sets for blood transfusion and apheresis), immunohematological tests and blood transfusion procedures were considered individually and the cost of transfusion was estimated for each patient which was proportioned to the total cost of healthcare services consequently.
Results: The proportion of transfusion-associated cost to total cost of healthcare services was found as 3,24%. The medians for hospital cost and transfusion associated cost were 5478.76 euros (IQR=11280.02) and 130.57 euros (IQR=354.86), respectively. A significant strong positive corelation between numbers of transfusions and hospitalization cost of PICU was detected (r:0.674, p
Mapping of Groundwater Flow Pattern and its Quality Index based on Microbiological Parameters in Klojen District, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Permata Veronika , Siswoyo Hari , Haribowo Riyanto
Published: October 2021

Groundwater is one source of fulfilling water needs for the Klojen district, the most populous district in Malang City. Population density affects the condition of groundwater quality because it causes pollution. The possibility of groundwater quality contamination can be identified by mapping the flow pattern and determining the quality level according to its use as drinking water. The purpose of this study is to map the groundwater quality index according to its flow pattern. Flow patterns based on groundwater-surface contours can indicate the direction of flow and the direction of pollution. The quality of groundwater according to its use as drinking water was identified using the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) method. Based on the research results, the research location's flow pattern generally flows from North to South. According to the flow pattern, groundwater quality is getting worse, as indicated by an increase in the index value
Bali Cattle Cultivation and Eco-Tourism in Ayunan Village Abiansemal District, Badung
Authors: Astiti Ni Made Ayu , Astara I Wayan , Eryani I Gusti Agung
Published: October 2021

Ayunan Village, is located in Abiansemal sub-district, Badung regency, Bali. Bali cattle are germplasm that must be preserved, for that we are collaborating with the Bali Karang Ayu and Karya laksana cattle groups in Ayunan village. The maintenance of Bali cattle in partners is very constrained by capital, feed and management of Balinese cattle maintenance is not carried out professionally because it is managed in a family, traditional way and is not a main source of livelihood. Bali cattle maintenance is only a sideline to fill spare time on the sidelines of farming time. The management of cow dung and manure has not been managed properly, which should still be managed into organic fertilizer, sold to farmers so that it can increase the income of farmers, so the solution we offer is to provide assistance and consultation as well as demonstration plots regarding good and correct management of Balinese cattle rearing. to increase Bali cattle production. The results of this community service activity can increase production, productivity as well as produce organic fertilizer from cow dung that can be sold so as to increase the income of Balinese cattle farmers in the two Bali cattle groups that we partner with
The Dynamics of Flow Discharge and Suspension Flow Discharge in Volcano Watershed with Agroforestry Land Cover
Authors: Hadini La , Sartohadi Junun , Setiawan Muhammad , Mardiatno Djati
Published: October 2021

The suspension flow from the upper part of a volcano watershed, which has a very thick soil condition, is sensitive to landuse form. Agroforestry is the dominant landuse form in the volcanic landscape of Indonesia. There is a lack of detailed studies about suspension flow in the upper watershed where agroforestry is the land cover. This research, performed in agroforestry area, covered the correspondence between flow discharge and suspension flow discharge, the time lag of initial rain events and the formation of suspension flow; and the characteristics of the grain size of the suspensions during the flow. The suspension flow was measured at the outlet of a gully in key watershed areas, which yielded a total of 436 suspension data. The measurement analysis was conducted at every rain event in the field and in the laboratory. The crop characteristics in the rain catchment area were recorded in details during the field survey. The characteristics of the channels converging toward the gully system were observed during the field survey. There were three relationship patterns between the peak flow discharge and the peak suspension discharge, namely (1) the peak flow discharge corresponded to the peak suspension discharge, (2) the peak flow discharge preceded the peak suspension discharge, (3) the peak flow discharge occurred after the peak suspension discharge. The average time interval between the rain events and the occurrence of suspension flow was 17.7 minutes. The peak suspension content varied from 0.0016 g/L up to 4.71 g/L with an average of 1.03 g/L. The grain size of the suspension was dominated by 71-76% of clay fraction with an average of 73% at the rising phase and 68-71% of clay fraction with an average of 69% at the falling stage