bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh Country of Origin dan Pengetahuan Produk Terhadap Niat Pembelian melalui Evaluasi Produk (Studi Kasus: Distributor Elektronik Maspion)
Authors: Utomo Sulistyo Budi , Nurhayaty Ety , Harsono Pramudi , Susilo Edi
Published: November 2023

This research analyzes the impact of Country of Origin (COO) and product knowledge on purchase intentions, with product evaluation as a mediator. A case study was conducted on Maspion brand electronic products with a sample of people selected through purposive sampling. Path analysis is used to test the hypothesis. The research results show that COO has a significant positive effect on purchase intention, while product knowledge has no significant effect on purchase intention. COO also has a significant positive effect on product evaluation, while product knowledge influences product evaluation. Product reviews themselves have a significant positive impact on purchase intention. Product reviews play an important mediating role in linking COO to purchase intention, as well as linking product knowledge to purchase intention. These results highlight the important role of the COO in influencing purchase decisions, as well as demonstrating the importance of product reviews as a mediating link in the influence of these factors. The implications of this study can be used to develop marketing and branding strategies for Maspion brand electronic products.
Analisis Sistem Deteksi Dini Ketahanan Keuangan pada Bank Penerima Setoran Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji
Authors: Wulandary Ike , Hernawati Erna , Widiastuti Ni Putu Eka
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Non Performing Financing (NPF), dan Net Operating Margin (NOM) terhadap ketahanan perbankan syariah Bank Penerima Setoran Biaya Penyelenggaraan Ibadah Haji (BPS BPIH) yang diproyeksikan dengan Robustness Index. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 22 bank yang termasuk bank umum syariah dan unit usaha syariah periode tahun 2014 sampai dengan tahun 2018. Teknik Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi logistic. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) dan Non Performing Financing (NPF) tidak berpengaruh terhadap ketahanan BPS BPIH, sedangkan Net Operating Margin (NOM) terbukti berpengaruh negatif terhadap ketahanan BPS BPIH.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF THE SOLAR RADIATION OBSERVATION AT MID-LATITUDE STATION IN CHINA
Authors: Sun Xiaopeng , Shi Yu , Milinevsky Gennadi , Pryadko Yuliy
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the solar radiation observation at mid-latitude station in china. Observations of the solar and terrestrial radiation budget at the Earth’s surface are very important for climate change studies and climate modelling.
ЕКЗИСТЕНЦІЙНІ МОТИВИ АНТИВОЄННОЇ ЛІРИКИ ХХ СТ.: АВТОРСЬКІ МОДЕЛІ
Authors: Бадалов Максим , Гальчук Оксана
Published: November 2023

У статті проаналізовано поетичні твори антивоєнного спрямування Р. Кіплінга, Б. Брехта і П. Целана в контексті філософії екзистенціалізму. Виокремлено основні мотиви та образи, що використовують поети для моделювання антимілітарного дискурсу. Сформульовано ключові атрибути авторської антивоєнної концептопоетики, питомі для різних моделей художнього екзистенціалізму – танатологічної (Р. Кіплінг), рефлексивної (Б. Брехт), інтертекстуальної (П. Целан).
ГОТОВНІСТЬ НАУКОВО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ПРАЦІВНИКІВ ДО ФОРМУВАННЯ НАВИЧОК ТАЙМ-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Яніцька Леся , Малишевська Ганна , Постернак Наталія , Білявський Сергій
Published: November 2023

Досліджено та проаналізовано готовність науково-педагогічних працівників до формування навичок тайм-менеджменту в умовах воєнного часу. З метою з’ясування розуміння науково-педагогічними працівниками поняття «тайм-менеджмент», його значення у плануванні робочого й особистого часу та готовності НПП до використання технік та методик тайм-менеджменту було започатковано дослідження серед працівників закладу вищої освіти. Встановлено, що переважна більшість науково-педагогічних працівників все ж відчувають необхідність опанування та вдосконалення власного тайм-менеджменту. В результаті дослідження було також здійснено аналіз ставлення учасників анкетування до удосконалення власних навичок тайм-менеджменту за віковим показником. Результати аналізу відповідей учасників різних вікових засвідчили прагнення до самовдосконалення навичок організації часу.
ІМПРОВІЗАЦІЯ ЯК ВІДОБРАЖЕННЯ ЕМОЦІЙНОЇ ВИРАЗНОСТІ У ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ХОРЕОГРАФІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Мосейчук Анастасія , Тіщенко Олена
Published: November 2023

У науковій статті розглянуті актуальні питання відображення емоційної виразності здобувачів через імпровізацію в хореографічній освіті. Представлені методи та вправи які розкриють емоційну виразність через танцювальну імпровізацію. Враховуються основні принципи імпровізації на розкриття емоційного стану здобувачів під час відтворення хореографічного твору.
V-band Radio Channel Modeling for Mega Satellite Networks
Authors: Al Homssi Bassel , Chan Chiu Chun , Dakic Kosta , Al Attari Jawad , AL-HOURANI AKRAM
Published: November 2023

Mega satellite networks recently emerged to complement the current terrestrial infrastructure to attain global coverage and faster communication links. However, with increased congestion in the radio spectrum, migrating satellite communication to high frequencies can provide higher data rates. Nevertheless, signal fading due to weather conditions and atmospheric losses becomes significant at such high frequencies. In this paper, we leverage tools from stochastic geometry to provide an analytical framework that captures the effect of high frequency fading for satellite constellations in the downlink. The analytical framework presented exploits the spatial diversity provided by the satellite network and examines the performance of the dominant satellite (satellite providing the best quality of service). Results show a close fit to the performance of practical networks and can thus provide network designers with an analytical benchmark to assist with network tuning.
BIS to optimise consumption monitoring and redevelopment interventions
Authors: Guzzetti Franco , Biolo Francesca
Published: November 2023

The research deals with a monitoring system for the residential consumption dynamics of urban centres, based on data already available to local authorities (Siatel platform – Sistema d’interscambio anagrafe tributarie enti locali). The creation of the Building Information System (BIS) provides the local body with a tool that provides informed and critical particulars about the energy trend of the city as a whole. By monitoring the city’s consumption of methane gas and electricity over the years, BIS quantifies the effects of all interventions on building envelopes, taking into account both the influence of environmental conditions (degree days) and the actual energy behaviour of residents.
Designing for the energy transition from INtuition to INtention
Authors: Leonardi Carmelo , Crippa Davide , Di Prete Barbara , Pasteris Paolo
Published: November 2023

The contemporary need for an energy transition simultaneously poses a challenge, an opportunity and an urgency. We are facing a polycrisis (Tooze, 2021) due to the international geopolitical context, the need for energy independence, increasingly widespread energy poverty, and the climate crisis. From a perspective of sustainability, the essay explores various design-oriented approaches, inviting a shift in traditional (primarily technical) focus from individual products to more systemic designs (with significantly greater social, behavioural, and economic impacts). The analysis thus ranges from the now entrenched idea of the energy community to more experimental cases that revolutionise the way energy can be consumed simply by doing more with less.
Technological design for the environmental transition of the city. Opportunities for innovation
Authors: Errante Lidia , De Capua Alberto
Published: November 2023

In the contemporary context of the polycrisis, ways and criteria for sustainable urban transformation are discussed that shift the needle of ecological transition from building to city, towards energy self-sufficiency and social self-determination. Alternative forms of management, containment and production of clean and accessible energy from renewable sources are explored that have feedback in terms of process, design and social innovation. The paper aims to highlight the active and adaptive dimensions of technological design in its ability to support and promote behaviour favouring sustainable environmental transition.
Bilateral Ureteral Ligation During Hysterectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Mohammed Benamar , Ali Benamar , Mustapha Ahsaini , Soufiane Mellas , Fadl Tazi Mohamed , Eddine El Ammari Jalal , Jamal El Fassi Mohammed , Hassan Farih Moulay
Published: November 2023

Bilateral ureteral ligation is a complication of pelvic surgery. It can affect the functional prognosis of both kidneys and even the vital prognosis. We report the case of a 49-year-old woman, multiparous, referred from the peripheral hospital of Meknes for management of anuria in connection with a suspected ureteral lesion after hysterectomy for an infected uterine cyst. Clinically, the patient had bilateral low back pain and a fever of 38.5. On laboratory examination, she had impaired renal function and a worsening infectious work-up. The diagnosis of iatrogenic bilateral ureteral ligation was suspected. The patient underwent an initial bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy, followed by bilateral double J stent elevation after confirmation of contrast medium passage following opacification of the nephrostomies. Postoperative recovery was straightforward, with normalization of renal function and improvement in the infectious workup.
Practice of Cervical Cerclage at a University Teaching Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: John Celestine Osita , Alegbeleye Justina Omoikhefe
Published: November 2023

Background: Although the aetiology of preterm deliveries is largely unknown, it is said to be multifactorial and cervical insufficiency has been implicated. Hence, cervical cerclage is a necessary and common prophylactic obstetric procedure for preventing prematurity and associated recurrent second trimester miscarriages. Objectives: To evaluate the pattern, indications, and fetal outcome of cervical cerclage. Methodology: This was a retrospective study of 50 women who had cervical cerclage insertion at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2022. Data was obtained from the ward registers, theatre records, and case notes of the women, and entered into a structured proforma. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 25, and results are presented as frequency tables and charts. Results: The mean age of the patients was 35 ± 2.07 years. The mean of number of previous miscarriages was 2.46 ± 2.07, 56.8% were multiparous and 50% had a previous manual vacuum aspiration. Majority 35 (70%) of the women had prophylactic cerclage, 10 (20%) had cerclage following in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer pregnancy, while 5(10%) had rescue cerclage. Most 29 (58%) of the prophylactic cervical cerclage insertion were done between 11-15 weeks, with MacDonald technique being the most common technique practiced. Of these, only 18 (36%) carried the pregnancy up to 36 weeks of gestation. Conclusion: Many of cervical cerclage procedures were performed for prophylaxis and resulted in improved fetal outcomes in women who had previously experienced mid-trimester losses or preterm delivery.
Nurse-Led Educational Program on Practice of Asthma Management Using Global Initiative for Asthma Guideline
Authors: Chichi Chukwu Chinenye Chituru , Foluso Ojewole
Published: November 2023

The pivotal and nodal role of nurses in the healthcare industry is very vital for the proper management of asthma. To effectively intervene, nurses must be skillful in techniques used in asthma management which must be evidenced-based. The study objective is to use educational program to enhance nurses’ asthma management practice. This study adopted Quasi-experimental one group pre-post research design. Two government teaching hospitals in Rivers State were used in this study. A total number of 52 nurses were purposively selected in collaboration with nurse-leaders in each study setting. Checklist developed by the researcher and experts in the field of medical surgical nursing using modified Delphi method was used to collect data based on GINA guidelines pre- and post-educational program. Reliability test for the checklist using Cronbach’s alpha co-efficient yielded .89. Educational program was administered for six days respectively at the two study settings. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (paired t-test) at level of 0.05 level of significance. Participants with good asthma management practice at pre-educational program were 36.5% while at post-educational was 80.8%. Paired-simple t-test analysis on the difference in asthma management practice before and after nurse led educational program using GINA guideline indicates that tcal = 51.23, df = 51, and ttab = 1.96 Since tcal>ttab at P<0.05, Hence, the null hypotheses was rejected. The study concluded that nurse-led educational program using adopted GINA guidelines enhanced practice of asthma management among nurses.
The Approach of Community-Directed Treatment with Ivermectin in the Participation of Communities in the Fight against Onchocerciasis: The Resignation of Community Distributors
Authors: Mohamed Nsangou Moustapha , Louise Ngo Likeng Julienne , C Naambow Anaba E. , Bertrand Ndzana Ignace , Stephanie Kouanang Ottou Reine , Inoussa Nkouongnam , Emilienne Epee , Antoine Socpa
Published: November 2023

Objective: The aim of this article is to analyze the factors behind the resignation of Community Distributors. Methodology: The qualitative method was used to collect data through individual interviews and focus groups in the health districts of Kouoptamo, Foumbot and Massangam in the West region of Cameroon. Between 2020 and 2022, these interviews were conducted with Beneficiaries, Community Distributors, managers of district health services and health facilities, and also town hall managers. The data collected was analyzed using the content analysis technique and interpreted using Michel Crozier's Systemic Analysis. Results: The methodological procedures used led to a number of results, including the low or non-existent coverage of CDs, the choice of CDs, the lack of community ownership, the discrepancy between actual and official data, and the diversion and sale of medicines, the main consequence of which is the misuse of Mectizan. Furthermore, faced with a lack of support, community distributors are showing a lack of interest in distributing this product and are resigning. To alleviate this problem, health professionals are trying to replace them with health auxiliaries, nurses and trainees, who unfortunately have no knowledge of their area of activity. Conclusion: As the Community Distributor is the key to Ivermectin Treatment under the Community Directive, it is important to review its status on the scale of actors and to consider strategies for its funding in order to revitalize the CDTI strategy for the elimination of onchocerciasis.
Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs Among Commercially Insured Patients With Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer Initiating First-Line Therapy in the United States
Authors: Kobayashi Monica , Garside Jamie , Nguyen Joehl
Published: November 2023

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) represents a substantial economic burden for patients in the United States. Patients with advanced or recurrent EC have a much poorer prognosis than patients with early-stage EC. Data on healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and costs for patients with advanced or recurrent EC specifically are lacking.

Objectives: To describe HCRU and costs associated with first-line (1L) therapy for commercially insured patients with advanced or recurrent EC in the United States.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with advanced or recurrent EC using the MarketScan® database. Treatment characteristics, HCRU, and costs were assessed from the first claim in the patient record for 1L therapy for advanced or recurrent EC (index) until initiation of a new anti-cancer therapy, disenrollment from the database, or the end of data availability. Baseline demographics were determined during the 12 months before the patient’s index date.

Results: A total of 7932 patients were eligible for inclusion. Overall, mean age at index was 61 years, most patients (77.3%) had received prior surgery for EC, and the most common 1L regimen was carboplatin/paclitaxel (59.1%). During the observation period, most patients had at least one healthcare visit (all-cause, 99.9%; EC-related, 82.8%), most commonly outpatient visits (all-cause, 91.4%; EC-related, 68.7%). The highest mean (SD) costs (US dollars) were for inpatient hospitalization for both all-cause and EC-related events ($8396 [$15,130] and $9436 [$16,784], respectively). Total costs were higher for patients with a diagnosis of metastasis at baseline than for those without a diagnosis of metastasis.

Discussion: For patients with advanced or recurrent EC in the United States, 1L therapy is associated with considerable HCRU and economic burden. They are particularly high for patients with metastatic disease.

Conclusions: This study highlights the need for new cost-effective treatments for patients with newly diagnosed advanced or recurrent EC.
PERFIL ESPECTRAL DE FÁRMACOS E DROGAS DE ABUSO OBTIDOS POR DIFERENTES ANALISADORES DE MASSAS (FT-ICR E LTQ): UMA ABORDAGEM DA FONTE DE IONIZAÇÃO ELECTROSPRAY
Authors: Araujo dos Santos Nayara , Vieira Lyrio Marcos Valério , Mendes Campili , Queiroz dos Santos Glaucia , Miranda Barcelos Marcela , Cassago Nascimento Márcia Helena , Batista de Oliveira Filpo Rita Carolina , Roella Garcia Robson , de Lima Silva William Cezar , Paula Pinheiro Marcos André , Romão Wanderson
Published: November 2023

A espectrometria de massas é uma técnica que tem a capacidade de detectar, contar, caracterizar moléculas de diversas composições. Entre os componentes principais da técnica estão as fontes de ionização e analisadores de massas, que possuem especificidades de seus respectivos fabricantes. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho buscou analisar o perfil espectral, a partir de análises de fármacos de uso humano e veterinário e drogas de abuso, por um mesmo tipo de fonte de ionização; a electrospray ionization (ESI), modo positivo de ionização, acoplada aos analisadores de massas Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) e linear ion trap (LTQ). Foram analisados oito padrões: Abamectina (C48H72O14); Ceftiofur (C19H17N5O7S3); Diclofenaco de potássio (C14H10Cl2NO2K); Ivermectina (C48H74O14); Lincomicina (C18H34N2O6S); Moxidectina (C37H53NO8); Progesterona (C21H30O2); Valerato de estradiol (C23H32O3); e duas amostras de drogas de abuso: cocaína (C17H21NO4) e selo (contendo 25I-NBOMe (C18H22INO3) e 25C-NBOMe (C18H22ClNO3)). A partir dos dados adquiridos, foi observado, na maioria dos casos, espectros com sinais indicativos de formação de adutos, [M + Na]+, [M + K]+, moléculas protonadas [M + H]+, ou até mesmo como dímeros, [2M+H]+, [2M + Na]+, e [2M + K]+. Assim, embora a análise com o equipamento ESI(+)FT-ICR MS apresente altíssima resolução e precisão de massas, as análises pelo equipamento ESI(+)LTQ MS forneceram uma análise rápida e eficiente realização de experimentos de MS/MS, que contribuíram para confirmação da estrutura da molécula detectada.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DA FISIOTERAPIA EM PACIENTES PEDIÁTRICOS COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA)
Authors: Barboza Íris Estefhanie Pinheiro , Azevedo André Lucas Rodrigues de , Alves Rosileide
Published: November 2023

Introdução: O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é um distúrbio do neurodesenvolvimento definido por déficits na presença de interesses restritos e comportamentos repetitivos além da comunicação social. Objetivo: Analisar, através da revisão de alguns trabalhos já publicados, como a fisioterapia pediátrica atua na contribuição do desenvolvimento motor em crianças portadoras do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Metodologia: O trabalho trata-se de uma revisão de literatura sobre fisioterapia pediátrica na contribuição do desenvolvimento motor em crianças portadoras do TEA, foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: BVS, Lilacs e Medline. Resultados: Percebe-se como a fisioterapia pediátrica contribui no desenvolvimento motor em crianças autistas, uma vez que desenvolve habilidades motoras. comprometidas pelo transtorno e atua na coordenação e na adequação do corpo a uma postura. Considerações finais: A fisioterapia pediátrica mostrou sua importância na ativação dos níveis sensoriais e motores.
FEATURES OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERMEDIATE FREQUENCY PATHSUPERHETERODYNE RADIO RECEIVER WITH DIGITAL SIGNA PROCESSING
Authors: Гревцев А.И. , Зимарин В.И. , Капитанов В.В.
Published: November 2023

при проектировании приемного тракта промежуточной частоты супергетеродинного радиоприемника с цифровой обработкой сигналов применительно к узкополосным сигналам возникает необходимость учета особенностей выбора номинального значения промежуточной частоты и дискретизации не только полезного сигнала, но и всех помеховых частотных составляющих, поступающих на вход аналого-цифрового преобразователя. Целью работы является разработка предложений по построению тракта промежуточной частоты супергетеродинного радиоприемника с цифровой обработкой сигналов, учитывающих ослабление нежелательных частотных составляющих ближайшего отображения спектра при аналого-цифровом преобразовании сигнала. Элементами новизны является подход к выбору номинального значения промежуточной частоты и определение требований к минимальному значению ширины полосы мешания антиалиасингового фильтра. В работе показано, каким образом на этапе проектирования осуществляется предварительный выбор структуры тракта промежуточной частоты, определяется номинальное значение промежуточной частоты, выбирается антиалиасинговый полосовой фильтр, обеспечивающий ослабление нежелательных составляющих спектра в соседних каналах приема и в пределах отображения размноженного спектра при аналого-цифровом преобразовании сигнала. Предложенный подход позволяет сформировать структурную схему тракта второй промежуточной частоты и предъявить требования к его функциональным элементам

when designing the receiving path of the intermediate frequency of a superheterodyne radio receiver with digital signal processing in relation to narrowband signals, it becomes necessary to take into account the features of choosing the nominal value of the intermediate frequency and sampling not only the useful signal, but also all the interfering frequency components coming to the input of the analog-to-digital converter. The aim of the work is to develop proposals for constructing an intermediate frequency path of a superheterodyne radio receiver with digital signal processing, taking into account the attenuation of undesirable frequency components of the nearest spectrum display during analog-to-digital signal conversion. The novelty elements are the approach to choosing the nominal value of the intermediate frequency and determining the requirements for the minimum value of the interference bandwidth of the antialiasing filter. The paper shows how, at the design stage, a preliminary selection of the structure of the intermediate frequency path is carried out, the nominal value of the intermediate frequency is determined, an antialiasing bandpass filter is selected, which provides attenuation of undesirable components of the spectrum in neighboring reception channels and within the display of the multiplied spectrum during analog-to-digital signal conversion. The proposed approach makes it possible to form a block diagram of the second intermediate frequency path and to make requirements for its functional elements
METHOD FOR SIMULATING MAGNETIC FIELD RADIATIONS OF RADIO ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT IN NEAR FIELDS
Authors: Глотов В.В. , Семейкин И.В. , Рудь А.Е.
Published: November 2023

представлен алгоритм моделирования источников электромагнитных помех с помощью измерений, выполненных в ближней зоне магнитного поля, излучаемого силовым электронным оборудованием. Данный вид измерений происходит на внутриаппаратурном уровне электромагнитной совместимости. Для прогнозирования излучаемого магнитного поля разработана модель, основанная на элементарных магнитных диполях. Эта модель получена на основе измерений в ближнем поле. Для определения параметров модели используется процедура оптимизации в сочетании с матричной инверсией. В отличие от стандартных подходов, новая методика позволяет находить эквивалентные источники излучений с небольшим числом диполей за наименьшее время вычислений. Продемонстрировано экспериментальное исследование разработанной методики, проведено сравнение полученных результатов с классическим методом, а именно с помощью аппаратно-программного комплекса сканирования ближнего электромагнитного поля. Для экспериментальной проверки этого метода проводятся магнитные измерения в ближнем поле для нахождения эквивалентной модели в случае одновитковой катушки, тороидальной катушки и DC/DC-преобразователя. Результаты, полученные с помощью разработанной методики, имеют погрешность относительно сканера ближнего поля около 10%, что является хорошим показателем для внедрения ее в промышленность

the article presents an algorithm for modeling sources of electromagnetic interference using measurements made in the near field of the magnetic field emitted by power electronic equipment. This type of measurement occurs at the intra-hardware level of electromagnetic compatibility. To predict the emitted magnetic field, a model based on elementary magnetic dipoles has been developed. This model is derived from near-field measurements. To determine the model parameters, an optimization procedure is used in combination with matrix inversion. Unlike standard approaches, the new technique makes it possible to find equivalent radiation sources with a small number of dipoles in the shortest computation time. The article also demonstrates an experimental study of the developed technique and compares the results obtained with the classical method, namely using a hardware-software complex for scanning a near electromagnetic field. To experimentally test this method, magnetic measurements are carried out in the near field to find an equivalent model in the case of a single-turn coil, a toroidal coil and a DC/DC converter. The results obtained using the developed technique have an error relative to the near-field scanner of about 10%, which is a good indicator for its implementation in industry
The Death Knell and the Wild West: Two Dangers of Domestic Discovery in Foreign Adjudications
Authors: Collins Shay
Published: November 2023

Under 28 U.S.C. § 1782(a), parties to foreign legal proceedings can obtain discovery orders from United States federal courts. In other words, if a foreign party needs physical evidence located in—or testimony from a person residing in—the United States to support their claim or defense, they can ask a district court to order the production of that evidence. For almost two decades, § 1782(a) practice has operated as a procedural Wild West. Judges routinely consider § 1782(a) applications ex parte—that is, without giving the parties subject to the resulting discovery orders a chance to oppose them—and grant those applications at a staggering rate: more than 90% of the time. In its June 2022 decision in ZF Automotive US, Inc. v. Luxshare, Ltd., the Supreme Court transformed § 1782 jurisprudence for the worse. The Court held that private arbitral tribunals do not fall under § 1782(a)’s scope and that, as a result, parties cannot obtain discovery for use in foreign private arbitration under the provision. This Note argues that, after ZF Automotive, § 1782(a) jurisprudence contains two dangers: (1) it subjects some parties to burdensome discovery orders with few procedural safeguards, and (2) it prevents parties who have chosen to arbitrate rather than litigate from obtaining discovery entirely. This Note contributes to existing scholarship by proposing structural changes that would improve § 1782(a) practice. Specifically, it argues that courts cannot root out the procedural flaws that plague § 1782(a), and that, consequently, Congress should enact a new and improved § 1782 to address these manifold problems.
The National Security Consequences of the Major Questions Doctrine
Authors: Meyer Timothy , Sitaraman Ganesh
Published: November 2023

The rise of the major questions doctrine—the rule that says that in order to delegate to the executive branch the power to resolve a “question of ‘deep economic and political significance’ that is central to [a] statutory scheme,” Congress must do so expressly—threatens to unmake the modern executive’s authority over foreign affairs, especially in matters of national security and interstate conflict. In the twenty-first century, global conflicts increasingly involve economic warfare, rather than (or in addition to) the force of arms.

In the United States, the executive power to levy economic sanctions and engage in other forms of economic warfare are generally based on extremely broad delegations of authority from Congress. The major questions doctrine (MQD) threatens the ability to fight modern conflicts for two reasons. First, classic national- security-related conflicts—wars of territorial conquest, terrorism, or nuclear proliferation—increasingly are met with economic measures. But the statutes that authorize economic warfare actions are incredibly broad and recent administrations have interpreted these statutes in ways that risk running afoul of an expansive and free-form MQD. Second, “foreign affairs exceptionalism,” in which the Court decides not to apply the MQD to statutes involving foreign affairs, is not likely to work well as a response because what is “foreign” and “domestic” cannot be easily distinguished and attempts to do so will have perverse consequences.

The MQD raises serious problems for foreign affairs and national security. If the MQD is applied to domestic, but not foreign, delegations, then the executive branch will have an incentive to use broad foreign affairs delegations to accomplish domestic policy objectives in order to evade the safeguards and limits that attend domestic administrative action. At the same time, judges will have to police the porous boundary between “foreign” and “domestic,” with especially high error costs because wrong decisions will affect national security. If the MQD is applied to economic delegations that touch foreign commerce, the most likely consequence is that judges—particularly lower court judges—will be put in the position of second-guessing executive branch decisionmaking on precisely those questions—economic foreign policy questions of deep economic and political significance—on which the political branches enjoy both constitutional primacy and institutional expertise. This result is troubling; judges lack the knowledge and training to make effective decisions bearing on foreign policy, and putting them in the position to do so contravenes the norms of our legal system.
Die Strafe und ihr Zweck im Kontext internationaler Strafgerichte - Rechtsphilosophische Überlegungen zur internationalen Strafgerichtsbarkeit
Authors:   , Steinegger Gian-Flurin
Published: November 2023

Die Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, welche rechtsphilosophischen und straftheoretischen Grundlagen das Völkerstrafrecht besitzt. Die Arbeit schliesst sich dabei einem vor allem kommunikativen oder auch expressiven Verständnisses des Zwecks der Strafe an. Sie kritisiert einerseits die utilitaristische Straftheorien, aber auch solche eines unbeschränkten Retributivismus. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Weichenstellung entwickelt sie ein multifunktionales Verständnis der internationalen Strafgerichtsbarkeit.
Factors increasing the financial capacity and development of territorial communities in the context of modern challenges
Authors: Pityulych Mykhailo , Hotra Victoria , Chubar Oksana , Poberezhnyk Habriela
Published: November 2023

There are various challenges in today's world, such as economic crises, global pandemics, and climate change, which have a major impact on the financial resilience and development of local communities. Today, the decentralization process has been completed, with territorial communities gaining more powers and responsibilities. Understanding the factors that contribute to the financial resilience and development of these communities is crucial to ensure their efficiency and viability, as well as opportunities for improved public governance, cost optimization, and more efficient use of resources. The article aims to examine the factors increasing the financial capacity and development of territorial communities in the context of modern challenges. Results. The article identifies internal and external factors for increasing the financial capacity of territorial communities. The advantages of the competitiveness of territorial communities are studied, and the main features for strengthening their financial stability are identified. The possibilities of local communities are considered in determining the attractiveness for investment in their territory, accounting for available resources and ways of their use, the use of labor, as well as the benefits that may arise during the relocation of enterprises due to active armed conflicts in a large territory of the country. Conclusion. Investment resources of territorial communities and the possibilities of their use are characterized. The investment attractiveness of territories is determined. The objects of investment activity may include any property, fixed assets, current assets in all sectors of the national economy, securities and targeted cash deposits, scientific and technical products, property rights, and resources. The instruments of investment attraction, their legal basis, and their effectiveness for the development of territorial communities are substantiated.
Keywords: territorial communities, capacity of territorial communities, competitiveness of territorial communities, strategy, socio-economic development, decentralization.
Analytical assessment of honey production and consumption in Ukraine
Authors: Kuts Tetyana , Makarchuk Oksana
Published: November 2023

The article researched the analytical assessment of honey production and consumption in Ukraine. Due to its favorable geogra-phical location and ability to produce high-quality beekeeping products, Ukraine is one of the most potent beekeeping countries in the world for both domestic consumption and export. To achieve the goal of the paper, general scientific methods of research, such as empirical, theoretical, and statistical, were used. There was conducted A review of scientific sources and publications related to the field of beekeeping. The article analyzes the honey market, i.e., scrutinizes the dynamics of the number of bee colonies, dynamics of honey production, the productivity of honey production from 1 bee colony in farms of all categories, enterprises, and households: dynamics of honey sales volume and average sales prices. Market analysis for the recent period includes the evaluation of the war's influence on the branch. The war in the country affects all branches of production, and beekeeping is no exception. There is observed destruction of apiaries and the impossibility of their maintenance in the occupied territories or where active hostilities occur. Damage caused by the war needs large sums of money to restore the beekeeping branch. Honey production is mainly concentrated in households (99% in 2022), and small part of its production belongs to enterprises (1% in 2022). Profitability from honey production in farm enterprises accounted for 3.3% in 2020. There could be an observed decrease since 2000, analyzing the dynamics of honey sales. In 2022, prices for honey increased and accounted for 5330 UAH per center, which is 1.6 times higher than in 2020. In the paper, a regression model was built, where the dependence of the average sales prices of honey from the quantity of sold honey was evaluated. Results confirmed the linkage between signs, i.e., the increase of 1 centner of the quantity of sold honey leads to the average sales prices decreasing by 0.29 UAH per centner. A seasonal factor could be observed, because the volume of sales is increasing and prices for agricultural products are decreasing. Special attention was paid to the production of organic honey, as Ukraine has a significant export potential for this product. Considering the favorable situation in the world market, where the price and demand for such honey is growing on the world market, Ukrainian producers will be able to increase the efficiency of their activities. However, organic beekeeping may also present production and market risks that must be minimized.
Keywords: honey, beekeeping, market, production, Ukraine, quality, competitiveness, organic products.
Die schulpraktische Ausbildung neu denken
Authors: Wanzenried Peter
Published: November 2023

Die Echos auf meine am SGL-Jahreskongress vorgetragenen Gedanken waren überwiegend erfreulich. Kritische und abschätzige Kommentare wurden mir - wie üblich - nur indirekt zugetragen. Insbesondere bin ich all jenen dankbar, die mir gezeigt haben, dass meine oft fragmentarischen und noch nicht zu Ende gedachten Ideen sie zum Mitdenken, Weiterdenken, zum Dialog angeregt haben. \nSo bemühe ich mich denn nun, was ich vorgetragen habe, auch schriftlich zugänglich zu machen. Ich werde die als Zusammenfassung vorgelegten Fragen und Thesen unverändert wiedergeben und sie mit einigen Beispielen, die ich ausgeführt habe, illustrieren. Als Ergänzung füge ich - als Nachlese sozusagen - einige Kommentare an, die sich aus Gesprächen im Umfeld der Tagung ergeben haben.
Der Unterrichtsbesuch in der Aufsicht und Beratung von Lehrpersonen: Farce, Konfliktherd oder Lernchance?
Authors: Ludwig-Tauber Marianne
Published: November 2023

Personen mit Schulaufsichts- und Schulleitungsfunktion sind nicht nur verpflichtet, die ihnen anvertrauten Lehrerinnen und Lehrer im Unterricht zu besuchen und ihnen in der Ausübung ihres Amtes unterstützend beizustehen, sondern sie auch zu beaufsichtigen. Diese doppelte Aufgabe des Beratens und Beurteilens kann zu Konflikten führen. Es wird ein Konzept präsentiert, welches für einen offenen Umgang mit diesem Problem plädiert. Zu einer personellen Trennung der beiden Funktionen 'Beraten' und 'Beurteilen' wird nur für Fälle geraten, in welchen eine tragfähige Vertrauensbasis fehlt. Die Vereinigung beider Funktionen in einer Person wird grundsätzlich befürwortet und das praktische Vorgehen im Unterrichtsbesuch vorgezeichnet. Je nach Ziel und Ausgangslage steht ein Beurteilungsbesuch oder ein Betreuungsbesuch an. Ein Offenlegen der Beurteilungskriterien im Fall des Beurteilungsbesuchs, ein Vertrag im Sinne einer Lernpartnerschaft im Falle des Betreuungsbesuchs ermöglichen es, dass der Routinebesuch zur Lerngelegenheit aufgewertet wird. In beiden Fällen wird dem Aufbau einer von Vertrauen geprägten Beziehung grösstes Gewicht beigemessen. Vertrauen entsteht, wenn die hospitierende Person "kongruent" im Sinne des personzentrierten Ansatzes von Carl Rogers ist, was mit dem Begriff Rollentransparenz theoretisch erläutert und mit dem praktischen Vorgehen im Vor- und im Nachgespräch untermauert wird. Dieser Führungsstil zeichnet sich durch eine kompetente Betreuung der Lehrpersonen aus und sorgt für ein gutes Organisationsklima an der Schule. Vorausgesetzt ist allerdings eine entsprechende Schulung der Schulleiterlnnen und Aufsichtspersonen.
Grundständige Ausbildung von schulischen Heilpädagoginnen und Heilpädagogen (SHP)
Authors: Niedermann Albin
Published: November 2023

Die grundständige Ausbildung von Schulischen Heilpädagog(inn)en ist in Deutschland verbreitet, in der schweizerischen Bildungslandschaft jedoch ein Novum. Im ersten Abschnitt wird eine Begründung für deren Einführung auch in der Schweiz gegeben, bevor in einem weiteren Teil grobe Leitlinien für ein Ausbildungskonzept skizziert werden. Als ein Element dieses Ausbildungskonzeptes wird anschliessend ein Hilfsmittel zur Wahrnehmung von mehr Eigenverantwortung in der Planung und Durchführung persönlich bedeutsamer Lernprozesse vorgestellt.
Erfahrungen zur berufspraktischen Ausbildung Schulpraktischer Heilpädagoginnen und -pädagogen
Authors: Gruntz Johannes , Hari Hans Peter , Schindler Andreas , Thommen Beat
Published: November 2023

Berufspraktische Kompetenz wird gemessen an den Anforderungen, die ein Berufsfeld an die Absolventinnen und Absolventen stellt. Eine isolierte Vermittlung einzelner Kompetenzbereiche erweist sich aus verschiedener Hinsicht als unzumutbar und sachfremd. Im Gegenteil ist aber die Vernetzung verschiedener Ausbildungselemente erfahrungsgemäss als entscheidend für die Wirksamkeit gerade auch der einzelnen Elemente: das Ganze ist also nicht nur mehr als die Summe seiner Teile, sondern auch die einzelnen Teile werden durch die Verknüpfung untereinander aufgewertet. Eine dialogische Ausbildung sucht nach solchen Vernetzungen. Anhand von zwei erprobten Modellen "Praxisanleitung am eigenen Arbeitsplatz" und "Problem-orientiertes Training" werden exemplarisch Lösungsansätze gezeigt.
Überlegungen zur Weiterentwicklung von Schule und Lehrerbildung
Authors: Wyschkon Uwe
Published: November 2023

Die im folgenden vorgestellten Überlegungen zur Lehrerbildung beziehen sich auf die Ausbildung der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer für die Sekundarstufe II, insbesondere für die gymnasiale Oberstufe. Sie sind freilich nur zum Teil stufenspezifisch. Viele der Folgerungen treffen auf alle Schulstufen und Lehrämter zu, bedürfen aber einer stufengemässen Spezifikation. Grundlage des Beitrages sind zum einen die Ergebnisse von Beratungen der kürzlich gebildeten Arbeitsgruppe Lehrerbildung der Kommission Schulpädagogik/Didaktik der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaften (DGfE), die sich mit Perspektiven der Lehrerbildung im Lichte gesellschaftlicher Veränderungen befassten. Zum andern beziehe ich die Ergebnisse der Beratungen der gleichen Kommission vom 6. bis 8. März 1995 in Warnemünde zur Weiterentwicklung der gymnasialen Oberstufe und zu daraus erwachsenden Vorschlägen an die Bildungspolitik ein. Drittens und nicht zuletzt bildet meine eigene Lehre im Bereich der Didaktik der Sekundarstufe II eine Quelle von Anregungen und fortwährenden Fragen.
CO2 und der Treibhauseffekt. Einige unfrisierte Gedanken zur Bemühung, Zusammenhänge in Primärerfahrung zu verwurzeln und so verständlich zu machen
Authors: Rumpf Horst
Published: November 2023

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Abschied vom IQ?
Authors: Humpert Winfried
Published: November 2023

Zu Howard Gardnners Theorie der "multiplen Intelligenzen";"Die Intelligenztheorie des Harvard -Psychologen Howard Gardner ist im Gegensatz zu seinen Arbeiten zur Entwicklung des Denkens und zur interdisziplinären Kognitionswissenschaft bei uns noch relativ unbekannt, während sie in den USA in den letzten zehn Jahren eine äusserst starke Resonanz in den Fachwissenschafen, der Schulpraxis als auch in der öffentlichen Diskussion über das amerikanische Schulwesen ausgelöst hat. \nIm folgenden sollen einige Gedanken zu Howard Gardners Konzept der multiplen Intelligenzen (1983,1993) vorgestellt werden. Gardners soeben auf deutsch erschienenes Buch zur Kreativität über geniale Repräsentanten seiner Intelligenzfaktoren wird ebenfalls kurz beleuchtet. Die Darstellung soll lediglich einen ersten kleinen Eindruck vom Werk Howard Gardners in Verbindung mit der in diesem Heft abgedruckten Übersetzung "Zur Entwicklung des Spektrums menschlicher Intelligenzen" vermitteln: Das wissenschaftliche Gesamtwerk Gardners umfasst allein dreizehn Bücher, von denen bisher fünf ins Deutsche übersetzt worden sind. Im Zusammenhang mit dem diesjährigen Jahreskongress "Lernkultur im Wandel" der SGL und der SGBF hat Howard Gardner freundlicherweise die Genehmigung zur Übersetzung des oben genannten programmatischen Aufsatzes zu seiner Intelligenzkonzeption gegeben, der auch als Vorbereitung zu seinem Hauptreferat über "multiple Intelligenzen und Lernumwelt im Wandel" am 4. Oktober 1996 in St. Gallen dienen kann. Der Aufsatz Gardners bietet zudem auch Diskussionsstoff für die aktuelle Debatte zur Weiterentwicklung von Lehrerbildung und Schule.
Tradition und Innovation im Bildungswesen des Kantons Genf
Authors: Gather Thurler Monica , Thévenaz Christen Thérèse
Published: November 2023

Im Kanton Genf finden im Rahmen der Primarschule zur Zeit eine Reihe von Reformen statt, die sowohl die Organisations-, Lehr- und Lernformen innerhalb der Schulen, als auch die Lehreraus- und -weiterbildung betreffen. Die Autorinnen versuchen in diesem Aufsatz die Gründe für die starkforschungsgeprägten Entwicklungsmodelle darzustellen und in diesem Zusammenhang der ausgeprägten Kooperation zwischen den verschiedenen Handlungspartnern nachzugehen.
Lehrerbildung: Drei grosse Wünsche und kleine, feste Schritte
Authors: Born Regine
Published: November 2023

Am Schweizerischen Institut für Berufspädagogik (SIBP) werden Berufsleute und Lehrerinnen und Lehrer, die nebenamtlich an Berufsschulen unterrichten, zu hauptamtlichen Berufsschullehrerinnen und -lehrern ausgebildet. In diesem Artikel werden einige Leitvorstellungen der derzeitigen Umstrukturierung dieses Studiums aufgezeigt. Es geht darum, das Verständnis für Berufsschülerinnen und -schüler zu vertiefen, um Fachdidaktik - Fachwissen - Allgemeinbildung und um das bewusste Wahrnehmen des eigenen Lern- und Lehrverhaltens.
Standards in der Lehrerbildung. Teil 2: Wie werden Standards in der schweizerischen Lehrerbildung erworben? Erste empirische Ergebnisse
Authors: Oser Fritz
Published: November 2023

In diesem zweiten Teil des Aufsatzes zu den Standards in der Lehrerbildung wird eine Defizithypothese geprüft: Die Ausbildung hat ihr Ziel, den Erwerb von Standards zu ermöglichen, (leider) nicht erreicht. Es soll anschliessend empirisch überprüft werden, wie Abgänger an Lehrerbildungsinstitutionen die Ausbildung der Standards im Hinblick auf ihre Intensität, Bedeutung und Verwendbarkeit einschätzen. Es werden Antwort-Muster dargestellt, die zeigen, dass für viele Standards eigentlich kein Zugang in Lehrerbildungsanstalten zu finden ist. Bei anderen wiederum herrscht ein theoretisches Dossier vor. Wieder andere werden nur praktisch oder übungsmässig erlernt. Das Ideal einer optimalen Verbindung von Theorie, Übung und Praxis (Portfolio) wird selten erreicht.