bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of anodizing on aluminum alloy 2024 with boric sulfate acid in medium 3.5 % NaCl
Authors: Zuchry Muhammad , Renreng Ilyas , Arsyad Hairul , Arma Lukmanul Hakim
Published: September 2023

The utilization of metal materials finds widespread applications in various industries, including the aircraft industry, where aluminum alloys are commonly employed. However, metal materials are prone to corrosion under specific conditions, necessitating the implementation of corrosion prevention methods to decelerate the material's corrosion rate. Corrosion is a process in which the quality of metal deteriorates due to environmental influences. An effective approach to inhibit corrosion is through anodizing, which involves applying a protective coating to the metal surface, preventing direct contact with the surrounding environment. In this research, the focus was on studying the corrosion rate of aluminum alloy 2024 using Boric Sulfate Acid Anodizing (BSAA) at 10 volts and immersion times of 10, 15, and 20 minutes, followed by sealing with acetic acid in a corrosive environment containing 3.5 % NaCl. The main goals were to evaluate the effectiveness of anodizing with and without sealing in lowering the rate of aluminum corrosion, to compare the effectiveness of anodizing with and without sealing, and to create adsorption models using Langmuir adsorption. Through the examination of the potentiodynamic approach, it was shown that anodizing had an inhibitory impact that was strengthened by sealing. The maximum efficiency of 76 % was attained after 20 minutes of anodizing and sealing at 10 volts. A correlation value of 0.7487 from the Langmuir adsorption modeling was also obtained, pointing to an advantageous adsorption behavior. This research demonstrates how effectively anodizing for aluminum alloy 2024 works with and without sealing, especially in a 3.5 % NaCl-corrosive environment
Using Software-Defined radio receivers for determining the coordinates of low-visible aerial objects
Authors: Khudov Hennadii , Kostianets Oleksandr , Kovalenko Oleksandr , Maslenko Oleh , Solomonenko Yuriy
Published: September 2023

The object of this study is the process of determining the coordinates of low-visible aerial objects. The main hypothesis of the research assumed that the signals emitted by airborne systems of airborne objects that are not visible to radar stations have a greater power than the signal reflected from the airborne object. This, in turn, could improve the signal/noise ratio and, accordingly, the accuracy of determining the coordinates of low-visible aerial objects. It is suggested to use Software-Defined Radio receivers to receive such signals emitted by on-board systems of low-visible aerial objects.
It was established that the main sources of signals for Software-Defined Radio receivers are signals of command, telemetry, target channels, manual control channels, and satellite navigation. It was established that an additional distinguishing feature when determining the coordinates of low-visible aerial objects is the uniqueness of their spectra and spectrograms.
The method of determining the coordinates of low-visible aerial objects when using Software-Defined Radio receivers has been improved, which, unlike the known ones, involves:
– the use as signals for Software-Defined Radio of signal receivers of on-board equipment of low-visible aerial objects;
– the use of a priori coordinate values of a low-visible aerial object;
– conducting additional spectral analysis of signals of on-board systems of low-visible aerial objects.
The spectra and spectrograms of signals of on-board systems of aerial objects when using non-directional and directional antennas were experimentally determined. The experimental studies confirm the possibility of using the Software-Defined Radio receiver to receive signals from airborne equipment and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
The accuracy of determining the coordinates of aerial objects when using Software-Defined Radio receivers was evaluated. A decrease in the error of determining plane coordinates by the Software-Defined Radio system of receivers compared to the accuracy of determining coordinates by the P-19 MA radar station was established by an average of 1.88–2.47 times, depending on the distance to the aerial object
Devising technological solutions for gas sensors based on zinc oxide for use at critical infrastructure facilities
Authors: Minska Natalia , Hvozd Viktor , Shevchenko Olga , Slepuzhnikov Yevhen , Murasov Rustam , Khrystych Valerii , Strelets Valery , Kryvonis Svitlana , Rotar Vasyl , Lypovyi Volodymyr
Published: September 2023

This paper reports a study of a gas sensor based on nanostructured zinc oxide in order to establish the conditions for its production and operating characteristics under the influence of the target gas ethanol. The studied samples were produced by magnetron sputtering on direct current. The method of forming the device structure was chosen among others due to the fact that it has a high rate of deposition at low values of the working gas pressure, there is no overheating of the substrate, a low degree of contamination of the obtained films, the possibility of obtaining samples of uniform thickness on a large area of the substrate. A VUP-5M vacuum unit with an original material-saving magnetron was used to obtain the films. Studies of the effect of temperature on the resistance of a gas sensor based on ZnO have been carried out. It was established that the change in the resistance of the tested sample depends on the temperature of the substrate. The resistance of the gas sensor in atmospheric air decreases with increasing substrate temperature from room temperature (25 °C) to 200 °C. A further increase in temperature from 200 °C leads to an increase in the resistance of the structure until it stabilizes in the temperature range of 300–400 °C. It was established that the operating temperature range of the gas sensor based on ZnO is within 300–400 °C. The characteristics of the gas sensor based on ZnO were studied and the working temperature of the sensor was determined for the rapid identification of ethanol in atmospheric air at a target gas concentration of 500 ppm. It was established that for rapid operation of the instrument structure, the temperature of the substrate should be 400 °C, a decrease or increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the sensitivity of the sensor to the target gas. It was established that the gas sensor demonstrates stability and a consistent sensitivity response upon repeated exposure to the target gas
Application of statistical tools for the formulation and optimization of carvedilol mucoadhesive buccal films by using natural polymers
Authors: Vajrala Leela Lakshmi , M S Umashankar , M Alagusundaram
Published: September 2023

The aim and objective of this study was to create mucoadhesive buccal films that contained the multipurpose medical carvedilol, which has a variety of medicinal uses.
Materials and methods. The films were equipped using a solvent casting technique and concentrations of natural polymers, including Sweet basil, Lime Basil seeds and Purple basil mucilage. The influence of Carbopol 934 P, a selected natural polymer, was also investigated. The formulation variables were improved by the use of a factorial design of experiments and evaluated for their physico-chemical and in vitro evaluations.
Result. These evaluations provided crucial insights into the properties of the buccal films. To evaluate the release profile and release kinetics of carvedilol from the films, in vitro drug release experiments were carried out in a phosphate buffer solution. Ex vivo permeation tests using fresh sheep buccal mucosa were performed to evaluate the drug's permeation through the buccal membrane. Samples were taken at regular intervals, and a UV Spectrophotometer was used for analysis. With a polymer solution concentration at level "3," formulation run R20 showed the best optimized buccal formulation. This formulation shows promise for further in vivo research.
Conclusions. The results of this study offer important new evidence about the design and efficacy of mucoadhesive buccal films containing carvedilol. The optimization of formulation parameters and the assessment of physicochemical properties and drug release kinetics contribute to the progress of reproducible buccal films
Study of aqueous solutions of poloxamers by rotational viscometry and spin probe method
Authors: Lyapunov Nikolay , Bezuglaya Elena , Liapunov Oleksii , Lysokobylka Oleksii
Published: September 2023

The aim. To study aqueous solutions of different poloxamers by spin probe method and rotational viscometry depending on the temperature and poloxamer content.

Materials and methods. The aqueous solutions of poloxamers 188, 237, 338 and 407 were studied. The solutions were studied by rotational viscometry at different temperatures; the flow behaviour, yield stress (t0), and dynamic or apparent viscosity (η) were determined. Five spin probes differing in molecular structure, solubility, and radical localisation were introduced into the solutions. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra were obtained. The EPR spectra were used to determine their type and to calculate parameters.

Results. Three factors are important for gel formation: the poloxamer type, its concentration in aqueous solution, and temperature. As the temperature of aqueous solutions of poloxamers 237, 338, and 407 increases, the rotational correlation times of fatty acid-based spin probes and the order parameters of their EPR spectra decrease. This indicates a decrease in the packing density and orderliness of the polypropylene oxide (PPO) chains in the non-polar part of the poloxamer associates, leading to an increase in the volume fraction of micelles/mesophases and promoting the formation of gels. As the temperature decreases, the opposite processes occur, leading to a gel → sol transition. At 37 °C, non-polar micelle cores could be characterised as two-dimensionally liquid and one-dimensionally solid. The rotational correlation times of the hydrophilic spin probe 4-OXO-TEMPO in 25 % aqueous solutions of poloxamers 338 and 407 are approximately constant or increasing despite an increase in the temperature. This indicates that in the polar part of the poloxamer associates, where this probe is partially localised, structural rearrangements occur with increasing temperature, which probably prevents hydrophobic hydration of the PPO chains.

Conclusions. The rheological properties of aqueous solutions of poloxamers depend on their type, concentration, and temperature. According to the parameters of the EPR spectra of fatty acid-based spin probes, it was found that with increasing temperature, the packing density and the orderliness of the PPO chains in the non-polar part of the poloxamer associates decrease, probably leading to an increase in the volume of the micelles and causing a sol → gel transition
Experimental research on the development of composition of complex action ointment based on phytocomplex
Authors: Matsiuk Ksenia , Kovalova Tetiana , Maslii Yuliia , Herbina Nataliia , Vyshnevska Liliia , Kaliuzhnaia Olha , Tkachuk Oksana
Published: September 2023

The aim of the work is to develop the composition of a complex action ointment based on active pharmaceutical ingredients of natural origin for the treatment of cheilitis of various etiologies.
Materials and methods. The development of the ointment base by selecting active pharmaceutical ingredients and auxiliary substances determined by organoleptic, physicochemical, rheological and microbiological research methods.
Results. Studies of the antimicrobial activity of experimental samples have established that the optimal ointment base is a water/oil emulsion, which provides better API release rates than absorption bases.
According to the results of structural and mechanical studies, the introduction of the API complex reduces the structural viscosity of the ointment base. Furthermore, the ability of the ointment to thin out with an increase in the gradient of the shear rate is shown, which will contribute to the uniform distribution of the API during the technological process and the easy application of the ointment to the skin.
The study of textural properties of the experimental ointment samples (cohesion, adhesion, and elasticity) also confirmed the satisfactory spreadability of the sample. The optimal container for its consistent properties was chosen according to the results of the ointment's structural, mechanical and textural properties.
A test of the effectiveness of antimicrobial preservatives was conducted, resulting in the minimum effective concentration of sodium benzoate in the amount of 1 % was substantiated. Furthermore, based on the results of a complex of studies, the composition of the emulsion ointment was developed, which includes vaseline (liquid paraffin) 20 %, emulsifiers glycerol monostearate 5.5 %, polysorbate-80 3.5 %, viscosity regulator of the aqueous phase hydroxyethyl cellulose 3 %, phytocomplex API "Phytol" (concentrated aqueous extract of burdock root: oak bark: pot calendula in the ratio 5:1:1.5, respectively) and essential oils of tea tree 1 % and geranium 1.5 %, purified water.
Conclusions. Based on organoleptic, physicochemical, rheological and microbiological studies, the composition of the ointment of complex action was developed based on active pharmaceutical ingredients of natural origin for the treatment of cheilitis of various etiologies.
EVALUATION OF OUTCOMES IN INTERVENTION RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS - DISTAL RADIUS FRACTURES
Authors: Meira Davi Amorim , Moriyama Lukas Eiki , Santos Cássio Conceição Santana , Moreira Fernando Delmonte , Guedes Alex , Mattos Enilton de Santana Ribeiro de
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT Objectives: Describe the frequency and types of outcomes in randomized clinical trials (RCT) of intervention for distal radius fractures, analyze how confusing outcome presentations can lead to misinterpretations, and suggest strategies to improve the reader's understanding of the decision-making process. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted through a systematized search on the PubMed® database in the last 10 years, in which only intervention RCT was included for distal radius fractures, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Of the primary outcomes analyzed in the 75 selected articles, 46.6% were classified as clinical outcomes, 20% as surrogate, 30.6% as composite, 1.3% as complex scales, and 1.3% as safety outcomes. 34.7% of the articles did not report adverse events. Conclusion: The presentation of outcomes with little clinical relevance represented more than half of the sample (53.4%) - such studies can harm the reader since they confuse the interpretation of scientific evidence; the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) initiative could help health professionals in understanding and selecting the most appropriate therapeutic interventions for patients. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study .
Validity, reliability and measurement error of quadriceps femoris muscle thickness obtained by ultrasound in healthy adults: a systematic review
Authors: Soares André Luiz Conveniente , Carvalho Ramon Franco , Mogami Roberto , Meirelles Cláudia de Mello , Gomes Paulo Sergio Chagas
Published: September 2023

Abstract Due to its low cost and operational simplicity, ultrasound has been used to monitor muscle thickness in laboratory environments, rehabilitation clinics, and sports clubs. However, it is necessary to determine the measurement's quality to infer whether the possible changes observed are derived from the treatment or the measurement error. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to determine the validity, reliability, and measurement error of quadriceps femoris muscle thickness obtained by ultrasound in healthy adults. A search was conducted in the Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases until April 2022. The study selection process was carried out by two independent researchers, with the presence of a third researcher in case of disagreements. Twenty-six studies were eligible for the review, being 4 of validity, 4 of reliability only, and 18 of reliability and measurement error. The intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.60 to 0.99 in validity studies and from 0.44 to 0.99 in reliability studies. The typical error of measurement ranged from 0.01 to 0.47 cm, and the coefficient of variation was from 0.5 to 17.9%. Four studies received “very good” classification in all the risk of bias analysis criteria. Therefore, it is concluded that the quadriceps femoris muscle thickness obtained by ultrasound was shown to be valid, reliable, and to have low measurement errors in healthy adults. The weighted average of the relative error was 6.5%, less than typical increases in resistance training studies. The raters' experience and methodological care for repeated measurements were necessary to observe low measurement errors.
Associação entre a capacidade funcional, transtorno do sono e nível de atividade física em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson durante o período de pandemia de covid-19: um estudo transversal
Authors: Alencar Madeleine Sales de , Lima Danielle Pessoa , Gomes Vlademir Carneiro , Viana Júnior Antonio Brazil , Braga Neto Pedro , Lima Lidiane Andréa Oliveira
Published: September 2023

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o nível de atividade física, considerando as condições sociodemográficas, clínicas e funcionais, de pessoas idosas com Doença de Parkinson (DP). Método Foi realizado um estudo transversal a partir dos seguintes dados: nível de atividade física (International Physical Activity Questionnaire versão curta - IPAQ curto), transtornos do sono, queixa cognitiva, tempo de doença, grau de dependência para realizar atividades básicas do dia a dia pela escala Schwab & England (S & E) de indivíduos idosos com DP atendidos em um serviço de saúde terciário, durante a pandemia da covid-19. Regressão de Poisson, teste U de Mann-Whitney e teste t de Student foram utilizados para análise estatística. Resultados A cada 10 pontos de elevação na escala de S & E, a razão de prevalência de ser ativo foi maior em 1,04 (IC 95% 1,01 – 1,08) e quem não referiu transtorno de sono teve razão de prevalência de 1,17 (IC95% 1,02-1,34) vez maior de ser ativo. Indivíduos com DP inativos eram mais velhos e tinham maior tempo de doença. Conclusão Ênfase deve ser dada a capacidade funcional e ao sono de indivíduos com DP para o manejo adequado do nível de AF em períodos de restrição social.
Multidimensional geriatric assessment in primary care: a scoping review
Authors: Siqueira Fernanda Matoso , Delgado Cássia Evangelista , Carbogim Fábio da Costa , Castro Edna Aparecida Barbosa de , Santos Regina Consolação dos , Cavalcante Ricardo Bezerra
Published: September 2023

Abstract Objective to map the publications on multidimensional geriatric assessment in the primary care setting. Method A scoping review using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was carried out on the databases Web of Science, Scopus, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciencias da Saude (LILACS). The studies addressed the population of older people aged ≥60 years, the concept of multidimensional assessment and the primary care setting. Results a total sample of 19 publications was included for qualitative analysis. The studies selected were of different designs (predominantly cross-sectional) and most were in English. The evaluation comprised three dimensions; instruments developed applicable to primary care; two types of information technologies used to support the evaluation; and the relevant findings about the practice. Conclusion this review identified tools that were based on several existing instruments. Strategies should be tailored for assessing older individuals in a quick feasible manner. Specific domains were commonly present in the instruments, considered important for providing a comprehensive assessment tailored for the older population.
Analysis of the components for classifying Metabolic Syndrome used in older people: an integrative review
Authors: Costa Áurea Júlia Belém da , Medeiros Géssica Cazuza de , Arruda Ilma Kruze Grande de , Diniz Alcides da Silva , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales
Published: September 2023

Abstract Objective To analyze the components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and the rationale for adopting the criteria used for its classification in older individuals through an integrative review. Method an integrative review of the literature in Portuguese, English, Spanish and Bulgarian involving older people (age ≥60 years) on the electronic databases MEDLINE - via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus, without restriction on publication date or study design, was conducted from August 2022 to January 2023. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Health Sciences Descriptors (DEcS) controlled descriptors “elderly”, “elderly 80 or older”, “metabolic syndrome”, “prevalence”, “component” and “criterion” were used. Studies that were off-topic, unavailable in full and that failed to answer the guiding question were excluded. Results Application of the eligibility criteria led to the retrieval of 1340 studies, of which 14 were included in the integrative review. Seven sets of criteria were identified for evaluating MetS in the older population were identified and most studies used two of these criteria. The IDF criterion was cited 7 times and the NCEP - ATP III criterion 8 times in the 14 article reviewed. Conclusions Although the searches retrieved different studies on the subject, the results suggest the criteria for MetS should be revised, with cut-off points defined according to the population studied.
Análise dos componentes para classificação da Síndrome Metabólica utilizados em idosos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Costa Áurea Júlia Belém da , Medeiros Géssica Cazuza de , Arruda Ilma Kruze Grande de , Diniz Alcides da Silva , Coriolano Maria das Graças Wanderley de Sales
Published: September 2023

Resumo Objetivo Analisar os componentes da Síndrome Metabólica (SM) e a racionalidade na adoção dos critérios utilizados para sua classificação em idosos por meio de uma revisão integrativa Método Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nos idiomas português, inglês, espanhol e búlgaro com idosos ( idade ≥ 60 anos), nas bases de dados eletrônicas MEDLINE - via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science e Scopus, sem restrição de tempo de publicação e desenho de estudo, no período de agosto 2022 a janeiro de 2023. Utilizaram-se os descritores controlados do Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) e Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DEcS) “idoso”, “idoso 80 ou mais”, “síndrome metabólica”, “prevalência”, “componente” e “critério”. Foram excluídos estudos que não tratavam da temática, publicações não disponíveis na íntegra e que não atenderam à pergunta norteadora. Resultados Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, dos 1340 estudos encontrados, foram incluídos quatorze estudos na revisão integrativa. Foram identificados sete critérios de avaliação da SM na população idosa e que a maioria dos estudos utilizou dois dos sete critérios, sendo o critério de IDF citado sete vezes nos quatorze artigos escolhidos e o do NCEP - ATP III mencionado oito vezes. Conclusões Embora as buscas tenham reunido diferentes estudos acerca do assunto, foi possível concluir que os critérios que têm sido propostos para a síndrome metabólica precisam ser revisados e terem seus pontos de corte definidos de acordo com a população estudada.
Facilitating and limiting factors for nurses’ role in controlling COVID-19 in childbirth care
Authors: Silva Camilla Ribeiro Freitas da , Progianti Jane Márcia , Prata Juliana Amaral , Costa Aline Caramez , Oliveira Karolayne Rosa , Pereira Adriana Lenho de Figueiredo
Published: September 2023

Abstract Objective to discuss the facilitating and limiting factors of nurses’ performance in controlling COVID-19 in childbirth care. Methods a descriptive and qualitative study, with 20 nurse-midwives from public services in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Data were collected from May to July 2021, through semi-structured interviews, and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results as facilitating factors there are: physical installations and resources that provide individualized use; protocol implementation; reorganization of collective environment use; and preference for care that does not require instruments or nurses’ continuous presence. As limiting factors, the following stand out: high demand for care; restricted accommodation and inadequate ventilation; lack of resources; resistance to wearing a mask; nurses’ difficulty in maintaining physical distance in care; and increase in interventionist practices among certain professionals. Conclusions and implications for practice services that underwent adaptations in environments, with available resources, co-responsibility regarding sanitary measures and where nurse-midwives modified their care process, presented better conditions to protect health and mitigate COVID-19 transmission, with attention to environment, humanization and women’s rights during childbirth.
University sport and scholarship funding for student-athletes: possibilities and limitations to sports performance
Authors: Albuquerque Alex Caiçara de , Costa Emanuele Vasconcelos da , Silva Junior Vagner Pereira da
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT The study investigated the policy of funding sports scholarships to student-athletes linked to the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. This is exploratory and documentary research, with an analysis of the opening and results edicts of the Athlete Scholarship Program (2010-2021). The institution has the Athlete Scholarship Program. Scholarships were paid R$400.00, with an annual duration of 9 and 7 months, with emphasis on individual sports, especially wrestling, athletics, and swimming. It is concluded that the university presents a policy that favors the sport of institutional representation, however, not the high performance, given the low value of the scholarship and the non-payment of it in the first quarter of all the years analyzed.
CRYPTOCURRENCY AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Senna Viviane de , Souza Adriano Mendonça
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT Cryptocurrencies are assets with transactions managed by new methods compared to traditional transactions mediated by Stock Exchanges. The insertion of these assets can change the economic system. The objective of the study is to analyze a set of articles published in international databases of scientific content on cryptocurrencies and the relations with the Stock Exchanges to understand the evolution of the theme over time. The consultation was carried out in the Scopus and Web of Science databases, where 196 articles were analyzed, these indicated learning algorithms, electronic trading, financial and digital markets thematic evolution. The main studies focused on investigating the behavior of cryptocurrencies in the face of market variables, cryptocurrencies as a safe haven or diversification, analysis of prices and the impact of emotional value on cryptocurrencies. The most relevant articles, the citations and co-citations network of these, provided insights into not yet known literature, such authors are Baur et al., 2018; Ji et al., 2020; Peng et al., 2018; Symitsi & Chalvatzis, 2019; Urquhart, 2017.
Reliability of codes provisions for punching shear design
Authors: Silva Gustavo Ribeiro da , Campos Filho Américo , Real Mauro de Vasconcellos
Published: September 2023

Abstract This paper presents a reliability analysis of the punching shear of flat slabs without shear reinforcement. The evaluation is performed for the codes ACI 318, Eurocode 2, Model Code 2010, and ABNT NBR 6118:2014. Six models were used for predicting the punching strength, the design models, the Critical Shear Crack Theory (CSCT), and a Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (NLFEA) model. Reliability analysis was performed to evaluate the safety level of code provisions. Design code provisions were evaluated in terms of sufficient reliability criteria based on target reliability β=3.8. This target reliability was based in the Model Code 2010 criteria. This criterion represents an acceptable value level of safety in design of structures. The results showed that the reliability indexes β presented satisfactory for all slabs designed by the Model Code 2010. However, this paper also shows some of the tested slabs presented reliability index below 3.0, being the ACI 318 the code with the lowest reliability index.
Dative possessor variation in Romance: a formal feature account with special reference to Portuguese
Authors: Duarte Inês , Gonçalves Rita , Chimbutane Feliciano
Published: September 2023

In this paper we address possessor dative structures (PDSs) in European Portuguese (EP) and in the Mozambican variety of Portuguese spoken in Maputo, which is mainly in contact with the Bantu language Changana. Focusing primarily on data from EP, we argue that PDSs show microvariation across Romance. We account for this microvariation by extending to Romance languages the distinction between nuclear and non-nuclear external possession structures originally proposed for Bantu languages, and propose that the value of the formal nominal feature [ipart] is the source of the observed variation. We argue that the derivation of PDSs in EP involves movement of the possessor from the specifier position of a small clause for formal feature valuation, which accounts for the common properties of give-type verbs and possessor dative structures, as well as for the incompatibility of both constructions. We further adopt a corpus-based approach and an exploratory elicitation task for the discussion of possessor datives in urban MozP. The findings support the role of the formal feature [ipart] in the acceptability of sentences which do not converge with EP, arguably as a consequence of contact with Changana, but also show that Mozambican Portuguese exhibits convergence with the VP structure of EP.
Are Real Assets Owners Less Averse to Inflation? Evidence from Consumer Sentiments and Inflation Expectations
Authors: Li Geng , Sinha Nitish Ranjan
Published: September 2023

Using data from the University of Michigan Surveys of Consumers, we document a significant negative association between consumer sentiment and inflation expectations, controlling for prevailing inflation in the economy. We further show that consumer sentiments of homeowners and stockowners are more sensitive to expected inflation than those of other consumers, a disparity at odds with the notion that owning such assets provides hedges against inflation. Leveraging data from the Survey of Consumer Expectations, we find three factors that help account for this difference. First, assets owners' outlook for the broad economy seems to be more sensitive to their inflation expectations than other consumers' outlook. Second, assets owners appear to expect income growth to lag spending growth by a wider margin than other consumers and that margin widens with inflation expectations. Third, homeowners' inflation expectations tend to be less variable and less volatile than those of renters, which may allow the former to have a greater bearing on consumer sentiments.
Образование в цифрах: 2023
Authors:   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Варламова Татьяна , Гохберг Леонид ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Озерова Ольга ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Портнягина Оксана ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Шкалева Елена ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Шугаль Николай ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Васильев И.В. , Гохберг Леонид ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Кузьминов Ярослав ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики», Шугаль Николай ,   Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»
Published: September 2023

Краткий статистический сборник содержит основные показатели, характеризующие в динамике развитие общего, среднего профессионального, высшего образования, профессионального обучения и lополнительного образования в Российской Федерации. Представлены ключевые индикаторы развития образования в странах ОЭСР. В сборнике использованы данные Росстата, Минпросвещения России, Минобрнауки России, Федерального казначейства, ОЭСР, а также собственные разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики».
Protective effects of CAPE against testicular damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Taslidere Elif , Vardi Nigar , Elbe Hulya , Taslidere Asli , Taslidere Bahadir , Cirik Hilal , Dogan Zumrut , Turkoz Yusuf
Published: September 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of CAPE on oxidative stress and apoptosis against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced damage in rat testis after diabetes. Materials and methods: The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control animals, Control animals given CAPE, STZ-induced diabetic animals, and STZ-induced diabetic rats given CAPE. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg). Testicular damage was examined by using hematoxylin and eosin staining and apoptosis was determined by Caspase-3. Potential disorders associated with seminiferous tubular sperm formation were evaluated using the Johnsen score and seminiferous tubule diameters were measured using the Leica Q Win Plus Image Analysis System. Results: Diabetic rats showed an increase in degenerated germ cells along with a decrease in seminiferous tubule diameter. Also, Caspase-3 positive cells were significantly increased in diabetic rats compared to control rats. On the other hand, CAPE significantly reduced the damage and germ cell apoptosis in diabetic rat testis. In testis tissues samples. CAPE treatment significantly decreased the elevated tissue malondialdehyde levels, while increasing the reduced superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. Conclusion: These results suggest that CAPE administered intraperitoneally for 20 days to diabetic rats is a potentially beneficial agent that can be used to reduce testicular damage.
Significados de pobreza y proyecciones de hombres en situación de calle
Authors: Romero Plana Virginia
Published: September 2023

Uno de los escenarios de la pobreza extrema es la situación de vida en la calle (sinhogarismo). El estudio de caso presentado en este artículo analiza los significados de pobreza construidos desde experiencias masculinas de exmigrantes deportados e identifica las proyecciones a futuro que se elaboran en la precariedad del contexto. Los participantes de esta investigación son siete hombres que acuden a un albergue de ayuda humanitaria en Hermosillo, capital de Sonora (México) y a quienes se entrevistó para la elaboración de sus historias de vida, técnica elegida para la inducción de significados, sentidos y vivencias. Los resultados muestran la mirada desde los Derechos Humanos en torno a las necesidades y los aspectos que consolidan el problema a partir de la exclusión social. Se plantea una proyección de vida sin incorporar un papel de agencia, lo que genera un “vivir el presente” desde el positivismo y la fe. Se concluye con la necesidad de incorporar el género en el análisis de la pobreza extrema, como eje para comprender la situación de calle, y las historias de vida como técnica adecuada para la recopilación de sentidos y experiencias en torno a nuevos procesos sociales en la frontera norte del país.
Interculturality and Masculinities: Critical Approaches to the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language
Authors: López Medina Esteban Francisco
Published: September 2023

The urge to turn the teaching of English as a foreign language into an inclusive and diverse space has recently become greater. For a few decades now, it has been highlighted the need for learners to develop not only their communicative competence, but also the intercultural one. However, the gap between these abstract expectations and specific teaching practices shows how much renovation is still a necessity. Understanding interculturality in its broadest sense, the article aims to evidence the little importance masculinities have been given in gender-critical educational research into foreign language teaching. To do so, a theoretical presentation of such concepts is carried out, as they are key to identify the related discourses that can be found in the world of English language teaching. As a conclusion, it suggests the assumption of these analytical categories in order to complement intercultural approaches, thus favouring diversity in English-teaching contexts for speakers of other languages. Finally, a list of possible themes as specific variables of upcoming empirical analysis is also proposed.
Attitudes of Spanish LGBTI+ Adolescents and Emerging Adults.
Authors: González-de-Garay Beatriz , Gutiérrez-Sastre Marta , Marcos Ramos María , Calvo Kerman
Published: September 2023

Never in Spain’s history have sexual minorities enjoyed the current rights. However, LGBTIphobic rhetoric displayed by extreme-right activism threats the gains made. An online survey among LGBTI+ people between 16 and 29 years was conducted. 152 people answered. Results show that Spanish LGBTI+ youth is mostly prone to activism, they were quite informed about legal initiatives and they mostly think that LGBTI+ people continue to suffer discrimination, the group of friends and peers appears to be the safest context and teachers seem to fail on the duty of help LGBTI+ young people. Additionally, LGBTI+ young people often use inclusive language, especially in casual context, and they seek referents in social media, where they follow influencers who openly declared themselves part of the LGBTI+ collective. The study serves as an example of the changing cultural and political practices of non-cis-hetero youth in a society moving fast towards equality but attending the raising of regressive movements.
El Trabajo de Parentesco entre Abuelos y Nietos/as en Chile
Authors: Navarro Tomás , Herrera M. Soledad
Published: September 2023

Los cambios demográficos abren más oportunidades para las relaciones intergeneracionales, al coexistir más tiempo los abuelos y nietos/as y al tener menor número de nietos. El objetivo es analizar cómo los hombres mayores perciben su rol de abuelo y describen las relaciones con sus nietos/as, desde el concepto de trabajo de parentesco. Se llevó a cabo una investigación antropológica en un total de 9 casos en Santiago de Chile. Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas tanto en torno a los tiempos, espacios y actividades que los abuelos compartían con sus nietos/as, como a sus perspectivas respecto a los cambios entre la paternidad y la abuelidad. De esto resultaron tres categorías claves: el hogar, actividades entre abuelo-nieto/a y el rol del abuelo. Se concluyó que los abuelos se auto describen como “mal criadores” de sus nietos/as, es decir, no responsables de la crianza de sus nietos/as, dejando de lado la noción de responsabilidad o trabajo familiar al momento de relacionarse con sus nietos/as. El rol del abuelo se ve condicionado por la división de género del trabajo, aún cuando se haye jubilado. A esto se le suma la relevancia de la co-residencia en el trabajo de parentesco.
Educating preservice teachers in sustainability: Conceptions, values and attitudes of students and lecturers at the university
Authors: Lozano-Díaz Antonia , Fernández-Prados Juan Sebastián , Bernal-Bravo Cesar , Velasco-Muñoz Juan F.
Published: September 2023

The university has the ethical, academic, and peremptory responsibility to train education students and future trainers in sustainability. It is also something that lecturers must be prepared to address. Through a pretest-posttest study, we analyze which sustainability values and attitudes preservice teacher acquire when they work with activities on sustainability. A total of 359 students completed the process. At the same time, we analyze the attitudes and knowledge held by the lecturers who carry out these activities in sustainability education. The findings regarding the difficulty students have in integrating the various aspects of sustainability are discussed, as well as the gaps and resistance of the lecturers who design and develop such processes. Future research could be designed in such a way that causal relationships could be established between the type of instructional design, the results obtained, and the conceptions and beliefs of lecturers regarding sustainability.
Behind Closed Doors: Exploring the Consequences of Parents Staying at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Prevalence of Parental Violence Against Children
Authors: Elsayed Walaa
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to determine the consequences of parents staying at home during the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of parental violence against children. The researcher used a descriptive-analytical technique in this study, and the sample consisted of 350 children who were abused by their parents. The researcher designed a questionnaire to identify the most common forms of parental violence (physical, sexual, verbal, economic, and psychological) against children as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that parents staying at home during the COVID-19 pandemic led to a high prevalence of risks of parental violence against children, at 79.84%. Verbal violence ranked first at 21.3%, followed by psychological violence at 21%. Physical violence came in third place at 20.5%, economic violence at 18.7%, and sexual violence at 18.5%. One of the most important recommendations of this study is the necessity to take a set of serious measures, such as strengthening family values between parents and children, in order to strengthen the family unit in times of crisis, in general, and during the COVID-19 crisis, in particular.
Seguridad Ontológica en una Nación Ansiosa: un Marco Existencial de la Seguridad Colombiana
Authors: Niño César , Vásquez Merchán Irma
Published: September 2023

La seguridad ontológica se refiere a la sensación que está relacionada con el propio ser y no solo con la dimensión física. Tras la finalización del conflicto armado con las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP), Colombia se encuentra en una crisis definicional en cuanto a la seguridad. Eso ha generado una condición de ansiedad colectiva, tanto entre los ciudadanos como entre las instituciones que ha dado lugar a contextos de graves inseguridades y violencias. En este artículo, nos proponemos abordar ¿Por qué es importante considerar la construcción de la seguridad ontológica en el contexto colombiano? ¿Cómo afecta la ansiedad nacional a los problemas de seguridad del Estado? Mediante una aproximación metodológica de variables instrumentales, hemos formulado la hipótesis de que la falta de atención a la seguridad ontológica en Colombia ha impedido la identificación del sentido de la seguridad más allá del enfoque tradicional de la militarización de la agenda. Esta falta de atención ha facilitado la comprensión de la ansiedad como un elemento crucial para afirmar que una nación ansiosa es, en sí misma, peligrosa. Hemos encontrado que las distorsiones conceptuales conducen a la definición arbitraria de la seguridad nacional, y que la ansiedad es producto de las desconexiones estatales con las cotidianidades ciudadanas. Esto produce desconfianza y, por consiguiente, inseguridad.
Social Inclusion: The Use of Social Media and the Impact on First-Generation College Students
Authors: Gonzalez Ester S. ,   California State University, Fullerton, Deng Xuefei (Nancy) ,   California State University, Dominguez Hills
Published: September 2023

Social inclusion has become a pressing issue for organizations wishing to close the inequality and
disparity gaps associated with underrepresented or disadvantaged groups. The challenge is becoming
particularly critical in higher education institutions suffering from low retention rates and low
graduation rates among first-generation college students (FGCS). In response to the challenges
imposed by the notion of social inclusion, some universities and colleges are exploring the use of
social networking technologies such as social media (SM) in ways that can impact social inclusion.
In order to improve the understanding of how social networking technology affects the social
inclusion of FGCS, we conducted a case study in a public, Hispanic-serving institution in the United
States. We used technology affordance theory to reveal various affordances actualized by FGCS and
various outcomes resulting from those affordances. To explain how the actualization of different
strands of affordance produces certain outcomes, our analysis of 102 FGCS’ narratives followed an
established five-step framework for identifying generative mechanisms, revealing three SM user
types—Community Builders, Scholars, and Information Seekers—and four actualized affordances,
namely interconnection, inspiration, insightfulness, and intense comfort, which are conceptualized
into three generative mechanisms: identity booster, academic growth, and self-care. Our results
provide insights into SM usage for social inclusion outcomes. By revealing how technology use can
promote social engagement and mitigate exclusion experienced by FGCS, this study contributes to
the broad social inclusion research on technology and disadvantaged communities.
The Design of Social Inclusion Interventions: A Paradox Approach
Authors: Curto-Millet Daniel ,   University of Gothenburg and Swedish Center for Digital Innovation, Cañibano Almudena ,   ESCP Business School
Published: September 2023

Are social inclusion and social exclusion opposed? Through a three-year ethnography of an open source civic crowdsourcing platform aiming for generalized social inclusion, we show they are not. We argue that social inclusion and exclusion have a paradoxical relationship: ongoing tensions exist between them, and information systems shape those tensions. We find that design choices have crucial influence over the capacity of information system interventions to include and exclude and propose a framework for designing IS-based social inclusion interventions. The framework encompasses four types of strategies (positive discrimination, integrative oscillation, equitability and iterative inclusivity) for managing the paradoxical link between inclusion and exclusion through IS design. We also present the notion of “collectives” as a new way of thinking about exclusion criteria.
Is it Your Fault? Framing Social Media Inclusion and Exclusion Using Just World Theory
Authors: Petter Stacie ,   Wake Forest University, Giddens Laurie ,   University of North Texas
Published: September 2023

Individuals who have experienced harm (also known as victims) by people, organizations, or adverse events sometimes use social media to share their experiences with others, search for information, and find social support. While some observers offer support and engage in inclusion toward victims on social media, other observers blame victims for their plight and participate in revictimization and exclusion. Victim blaming, which can lead to social exclusion, disproportionately impacts those in society who are already at risk for exclusion and may perpetuate existing racial, ethnic, gender, and economic inequalities. This research provides a theoretical framework to identify reasons why observers engage in such wide-ranging responses to victims on social media. Specifically, we consider social inclusion and exclusion at the confluence of a social phenomenon (victim blaming), a theory (just world theory), and an information technology artifact (social media) among a specific type of actor (observers). Our theoretical framework of social media inclusion and exclusion is informed by just world theory and considers how social media functionalities can promote social media inclusion or exclusion. We also offer research questions to stimulate future research related to social media inclusion, social media exclusion, and just world theory.