bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neural networks for the Recognition of X-ray Images of Ailments for Covid-19
Authors: Diachenko Liliia , Lazoriak Oleksandr , Dobrovolsky Yurii , Prokhorov Georgii , Shumyliak Liliia
Published: April 2022

This investigation analyzes the current state of neural networks, considers the available types, optimizers used for training, describes their benefits and disadvantages. The task of computer vision is defined and the answer to the question why the use of neural networks is an important task today is given. The powerful neural network from Google was proposed as an example and its algorithm is described in detail. Studies have shown how to configure models to get high performance.
A AVAREZA COMO TEMA DE SÁTIRA
Authors: Silva Amós Coêlho da
Published: April 2022

Aforismos em Juvenal. A questão da sua “indignatio” e as apropriações juvenalianas nas Sátiras de Horácio e em outros poetas. A construção na sátira menipeia do que é avareza: de Marco Terêncio Varrão a Oscar Wilde.
ORESTEIA, DE ÉSQUILO: A TRANSIÇÃO DA JUSTIÇA PRIVADA À JUSTIÇA PÚBLICA
Authors: Chagas Thais Regina Gimenes
Published: April 2022

A noção de justiça tem sido alterada ao longo do tempo, adaptando-se, assim, às necessidades humanas de mais eficácia nas normas que regem as relações interpessoais. Para a compreensão dessa evolução da concepção de justiça, é necessário voltar à realidade da Grécia Antiga e buscar em seus mitos explicações que visem embasar o pensamento contemporâneo. Diante disso, pretende-se analisar a tragédia grega Oresteia e mostrar a forma gradual de transição da justiça privada, aquela realizada com as próprias mãos para uma justiça pública, que necessita de um julgamento feito por um terceiro imparcial, e é desenvolvida nos tribunais. A partir disso, é criado o Tribunal do Areópago, que tem como principal objetivo realizar um julgamento imparcial do crime cometido por Orestes, e acaba por consolidar uma forma de justiça mais democrática, deliberativa e menos mecânica como a do Talião.
Book Review
Authors: Mountford Wendy
Published: April 2022

Wendy Mountford begins our book review column by giving her account of ‘Finding the Right Words: a story of literature, grief and the brain’, a daughter's reflection of dementia mixed with scientific insights
Management of multiple sclerosis using disease-modifying therapies: a clinical review
Authors: Thomas Sue , Stross Ruth
Published: April 2022

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic neurological disease of the central nervous system with an autoimmune inflammatory basis that presents with clinical variability and progressive disability. The most common type of multiple sclerosis presents with a relapsing and remitting pattern. A range of disease-modifying treatments are available to treat multiple sclerosis, with more to come in the drug pipeline. This article briefly summarises multiple sclerosis alongside the range of disease-modifying treatments that are currently available. Two patient scenarios are outlined to illustrate how disease-modifying treatments may be prescribed. The article highlights that efficacy of treatment is not the only consideration for prescribing. The needs of the person with multiple sclerosis and their family must also be considered, alongside social issues, such as participation and employment, the impact the treatment has on the NHS workforce, and the capacity and financial impacts. Therefore, this article highlights the complex nature of the treatment decisions.
Analysis of pest incidence on apple trees validated by unsupervised machine learning algorithms
Authors: Speranza Eduardo Antonio , Grego Célia Regina , Gebler Luciano
Published: April 2022

Integrated pest control is a practice commonly used in apple orchards in southern Brazil. This type of management is an important tool to help improve quality and increase yields. This study aimed to identify areas with higher and lower incidence of aerial pests in a commercial apple orchard, regarding data collected from three different crops using georeferenced traps. Geostatistical analyses were performed, based on the modeling of semivariograms and spatial interpolation using the kriging method; and clustering, based on specific unsupervised machine learning algorithms for count data. The algorithms were selected from measures of stability, connectivity and homogeneity, seeking to identify areas with different incidence of pests that could help farmer decision making regarding insect population control using pesticides. The geostatistical analysis verified the presence of individual pest infestations in specific sites of the study area. Additionally, the analysis using machine learning allowed the identification of areas with incidence above the average for all analyzed pests, especially in the central area of the map. The process of evaluation described in this study can serve as an aid for risk analysis, promoting management benefits and reducing cost in the farms.
Performance enhancement of polyurethane foam applied to optical fiber
microphones
Authors: Zhang Lai , Song Qiuheng , Lai Xin , Ma Yixiao , Xiao Qian , Jia Bo
Published: April 2022

The application of polyurethane foam to optical fiber microphone sensitization is
proposed. In this experiment, the Michelson interference system is
used, and polyurethane foam is coated on the optical fiber of the
signal arm. By changing the optical fiber material of the signal arm
and the reference arm, four sets of comparative experiments are
designed to test the sensitivity of the optical microphone. Through a
scanning electron microscope (SEM) test and a pore size distribution
test, the porous structure and non-closed cell structure
characteristics, pore size range, etc., of the polyurethane foam were
determined. The average sound absorption coefficient of the
polyurethane foam is 0.66 through the sound absorption coefficient and
sound insulation test. The sound absorption
coefficient of each frequency band is above 0.2; the
sound insulation is below 30 dB; and the overall sound insulation
performance is poor, which can be regarded as an ideal sound
absorption material. The sound-absorbing effect of polyurethane foam
is better than that of nylon tight-packed materials in the frequency
range of 500–2800 Hz, and it has a significant sensitization effect in
this frequency band. In the frequency band above 2800 Hz, the
sound-absorbing effect of nylon tight-packed optical fiber is better
than that of polyurethane foam, and the optimal combination is
determined by lateral comparison as signal arm (nylon tight-packed
fiber

+

polyurethane foam)

+

reference arm (bare fiber). Finally,
with different coating thicknesses as variables, the results show that
the optical fiber microphone has the best sound collection effect when
the coating thickness of polyurethane foam is
1.5 cm.
Reflective fiber-optic sensor for on-line nondestructive monitoring of Aspergillus on the surface of cultural paper relics
Authors: Yu Qiuhui , Xue Zhengda , Hu Rong , Zhong Nianbing , Zeng Tan , Tang Huan , Zhao Ya , Zhao Mingfu
Published: April 2022

A reflective fiber-optic sensor was created to realize on-line nondestructive monitoring of the growth process of Aspergillus on the surface of cultural paper relics. The sensor consisted of one tapered input and six output optical fibers. The operating principle of the device was established. The sensitivity of the sensor was checked. Sensors were used to monitor the growth of Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus tamarrii on the papers. The morphology of Aspergillus was characterized. The sensor reveals a linear relationship between the output signal of the sensor and the thickness of Aspergillus biofilm with a detection limit of 10 µm.
Spatiotemporal photonic crystals
Authors: Sharabi Yonatan , Dikopoltsev Alex , Lustig Eran , Lumer Yaakov , Segev Mordechai
Published: April 2022

We study light propagation in spatiotemporal photonic crystals: dielectric media that vary periodically in both space and time. While photonic crystals (spatially periodic media) are well understood, the combination of periodic change in both time and space poses considerable challenges and requires new analysis methods. We find that the band structure of such systems contains energy gaps, momentum gaps, and mixed energy–momentum gaps in which both energy and momentum may attain complex values. We identify the unique interplay between the exponential growth induced by temporal modulation and the exponential decay caused by spatial modulation, and how these can completely counteract one another. Under proper conditions, these two opposing forces are exactly matched, causing the mixed energy–momentum gap to collapse to a single point, which is an exceptional point known from non-Hermitian dynamics. Such spatiotemporal photonic crystals possess unique properties that could pave the way to new ways of controlling the propagation of light.
Salaries, degrees, and babies: Trends in fertility by income and education among Japanese men and women born 1943–1975—Analysis of national surveys
Authors: Ghaznavi Cyrus , Sakamoto Haruka , Yamasaki Lisa , Nomura Shuhei , Yoneoka Daisuke , Shibuya Kenji , Ueda Peter
Published: April 2022

Background

While fertility rates have decreased during the second half of the 20th century in Japan, little is known regarding trends in the number of children that men and women have across birth cohorts and whether these differ by education and income.

Methods

We used data from four rounds of the National Fertility Survey (1992, 2005, 2010 and 2015) and included men and women aged 40–49 years (16728 men and 17628 women). By 5-year birth cohorts, we assessed the distribution of number of children (0, 1, 2 and 3 or more) and total fertility (the mean number of children) at completed fertility (age 45–49 or 40–44 years depending on birth cohort). We assessed trends in these fertility outcomes in men and women separately, and by education (no university education; university education) for men and women and by reported annual income (0 to <3 000 000 JPY; 3 000 000 to <6 000 000 JPY; ≥6 000 000 JPY) for men.

Results

When comparing those born in 1943–1948 with those born in 1971–1975, the proportion with no children had increased from 14.3 to 39.9% for men and from 11.6 to 27.6% for women. This increase coincided with a decrease in the proportions of individuals with 2 or more children. Total fertility had decreased from 1.92 to 1.17 among men and from 1.96 to 1.42 among women. For men, those with a university degree were more likely to have children than those without a university degree in all birth cohorts except 1943–1947. Men with higher income were more likely to have children across birth cohorts. While the proportion who had children had decreased in all income groups, the decrease was steeper among those in the lowest income group. Among women born 1956–1970, those with a university degree were less likely to have children than those without a university degree; this difference was no longer seen among those born 1971–1975. For both men and women, trends in having children and total fertility across birth cohorts did not differ by educational status.

Conclusions

The decline in the total fertility rate in Japan can be attributed to both an increasing proportion of the population who have no children and a lower number of children among those who have children. Men with lower education and income were less likely to have children and the disparity in the number of children that men have by income had increased in more recent birth cohorts. Among women, higher education was associated with lower fertility, although this pattern was no longer observed among those born in 1971–1975.
How do children overcome their pragmatic performance problems in the true belief task? The role of advanced pragmatics and higher-order theory of mind
Authors: Schidelko Lydia Paulin , Proft Marina , Rakoczy Hannes
Published: April 2022

The true belief (TB) control condition of the classical location-change task asks children to ascribe a veridical belief to an agent to predict her action (analog to the false belief (FB) condition to test Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities). Studies that administered TB tasks to a broad age range of children yielded surprising findings of a U-shaped performance curve in this seemingly trivial task. Children before age four perform competently in the TB condition. Children who begin to solve the FB condition at age four, however, fail the TB condition and only from around age 10, children succeed again. New evidence suggests that the decline in performance around age four reflects pragmatic confusions caused by the triviality of the task rather than real competence deficits in ToM. Based on these results, it can be hypothesized that the recovery of performance at the end of the U-shaped curve reflects underlying developments in children’s growing pragmatic awareness. The aim of the current set of studies, therefore, was to test whether the developmental change at the end of the U-shaped performance curve can be explained by changes in children’s pragmatic understanding and by more general underlying developmental changes in recursive ToM or recursive thinking in general. Results from Study 1 (N = 81, 6–10 years) suggest that children’s recursive ToM, but not their advanced pragmatic understanding or general recursive thinking abilities predict their TB performance. However, this relationship could not be replicated in Study 2 (N = 87, 6–10 years) and Study 3 (N = 64, 6–10 years) in which neither recursive ToM nor advanced pragmatic understanding or recursive thinking explained children’s performance in the TB task. The studies therefore remain inconclusive regarding explanations for the end of the U-shaped performance curve. Future research needs to investigate potential pragmatic and general cognitive foundations of this developmental change more thoroughly.
The efficacy of inflammatory markers in diagnosing infected diabetic foot ulcers and diabetic foot osteomyelitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sharma Harman , Sharma Sandhli , Krishnan Anirudh , Yuan Daniel , Vangaveti Venkat N. , Malabu Usman H. , Haleagrahara Nagaraja
Published: April 2022

Background

Diabetes foot ulcer (DFU) is a complication of diabetes mellitus. Accurate diagnosis of DFU severity through inflammatory markers will assist in reducing impact on quality of life. We aimed to ascertain the diagnostic test accuracy of commonly used inflammatory markers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and white cell count (WCC) for the diagnosis and differentiation between DFU grades based on the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot classification system.

Methods

This systematic review explored studies that investigated one or more of the above-listed index tests aiding in diagnosing infected DFU. This review was registered on PROSPERO database (ID = CRD42021255618) and searched 5 databases including an assessment of the references of included studies. Records were manually screened as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A total of 16 studies were included which were assessed for quality using QUADAS-2 tool and meta-analysed using Meta-Disc v1.4.

Results

CRP had the greatest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.893 for diagnosing grade 2 DFU. This returned a pooled sensitivity and specificity of 77.4% (95% CI: 72% to 82%) and 84.3% (95% CI: 79% to 89%) respectively. In terms of diagnosing grade 3 DFU, procalcitonin had the highest AUC value of 0.844 when compared with other markers. The pooled sensitivity of PCT was calculated as 85.5% (95% CI: 79% to 90%) and specificity as 68.9% (95% CI: 63% to 75%).

Conclusion

CRP and PCT are the best markers for diagnosing grade 2 and grade 3 DFU respectively. Other markers are also valuable when used in conjunction with clinical judgement. The findings accentuate the necessity of further research to establish standardised cut-off values for these inflammatory markers in diagnosing diabetic foot ulcers.
Spectral-domain OCT measurements in obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salehi Mohammad Amin , Karimi Amirali , Mohammadi Soheil , Arevalo J. Fernando
Published: April 2022

Background

Previous studies proposed possible applications of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) measurements in prognosticating pathologies observed in overweight/obesity, including ocular, vascular, and neurologic consequences. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the changes in the in SD-OCT measurements of the patients with higher body mass index (BMI) compared to normal weight individuals.

Materials and methods

We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. The search results underwent two-phase title/abstract and full-text screenings. We then analyzed SD-OCT measurements differences in patients with high BMI and controls, and performed meta-regression, sub-group analysis, quality assessment, and publication bias assessment. The measurements included macular thickness, cup to disc ratio, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and its sub-sectors, RNFL and peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL) and their sub-layers, and choroidal thickness and its sub-sectors.

Results

19 studies were included in this meta-analysis accounting for 1813 individuals, 989 cases and 824 controls. There was an overall trend towards decreased thickness in high BMI patients, but only two measurements reached statistical significance: temporal retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) (Standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.53 to -0.14, p<0.01) and the choroidal region 1.0 mm nasal to fovea (SMD: -0.38, 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.16, p<0.01).

Conclusion

Some ocular layers are thinner in patients with higher BMI than the controls. These SD-OCT measurements might correlate with adverse events related to increased body weight and have prognostic abilities. As SD-OCT is a robust, rapid and non-invasive tool, future guidelines and studies are needed to evaluate the possibility of their integration into care of the patients with obesity.
Red and white blood cell morphology characterization and hands-on time analysis by the digital cell imaging analyzer DI-60
Authors: Kweon Oh Joo , Lim Yong Kwan , Lee Mi-Kyung , Kim Hye Ryoun
Published: April 2022

Background

The Sysmex DI-60 digital morphology analyzer is a fully automated, cell-locating image analysis system. This study aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of DI-60.

Methods

A total of 822 peripheral blood smears were used. The diagnostic performance of DI-60 in terms of red blood cell (RBC) morphology characterization, white blood cell (WBC) differentials, and the total assay time including hands-on time was evaluated.

Results

In comparison with manual slide review, DI-60 demonstrated acceptable accuracy in recognizing polychromasia, target cells, and ovalocytes. However, for schistocytes, DI-60 demonstrated low specificity (10.4%) despite the high sensitivity (97.2%). In the precision analysis of RBC morphology characterization, borderline samples harboring specific RBCs showed inconsistencies in the positive results among 20 replicates. Particularly, 6 of 10 samples showed inconsistencies in the precision for schistocytes. For WBC differentials, the overall agreement between pre-classification results and user-verified results was 89.4%. Except for basophils, normal WBCs showed a good correlation between DI-60 (after user verification) and manual counts. The sensitivities in detecting immature granulocytes, blasts, atypical lymphocytes, and normoblasts were 85.9%, 92.0%, 37.5%, and 77.6%, respectively. Although the total assay time of DI-60 was longer than that of manual review, the hands-on time was considerably shorter with a difference of 144.1 s/slide for abnormal samples.

Conclusion

DI-60 demonstrated acceptable performance for normal samples. However, for abnormal WBC differentials and RBC morphology characterization, it should be utilized carefully. DI-60 may contribute to an improvement in laboratory efficiency with increased feasibility.
Inspection of antimicrobial remains in bovine milk in Egypt and Saudi Arabia employing a bacteriological test kit and HPLC-MS/MS with estimation of risk to human health
Authors: Al-Shaalan Nora H. , Nasr Jenny Jeehan , Shalan Shereen , El-Mahdy Areej M.
Published: April 2022

Veterinary medicine uses antibiotics randomly for treatment and growth promotion. Milk of dairy animals contains substantial quantities of antibiotics that have harmful effects on health. It is therefore necessary to test commercially available milk using immunological, chromatographic, or microbiological methods to confirm the absence of antibiotic residues. This study aims to perform a microbiological test, followed by a quantitative confirmation analysis, on raw milk to assess the presence of antibiotic residues. Tests were conducted on 200 milk samples collected from markets and farms in Saudi Arabia and Egypt. The microbial inhibitor test (Delvotest SP-NT) revealed that 40 samples were positive for antibiotic residues. The positive samples were further tested using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) as a confirmatory quantitative test for 29 antibiotics that belong to five groups: tetracyclines, sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and lactamases. Only four samples tested positive for oxytetracycline residues above the maximum residue limit. Based on these results, researchers suggest a monitoring system that considers both microbial and HPLC-MS/MS methods when detecting antibiotic residues in bovine milk. The analysis of risk to human health revealed that antibiotic residues at the detected levels do not pose any health risks to consumers.
Feminine Themings: The Construction of Musical Gendering in the Final Fantasy Franchise
Authors: Yee Thomas B.
Published: April 2022

This chapter explores the evolution of musical gender representation in the 33-year Final Fantasy series. From the series' genesis, musical character themes were linked with musical tropes of conventional femininity borrowed from opera and film music. With a few notable exceptions, conventional archetypes of musical femininity and masculinity persisted in Final Fantasy IV–X, composed by Nobuo Uematsu. Prominent musical traits encoding conventional femininity include the use of flute and harp, lyrical melody, arpeggiated accompaniment, major mode, and periodic phrasing. However, as the series incorporated other compositional voices in Final Fantasy XII, XIII, and XV, Hitoshi Sakimoto, Masashi Hamauzu, and Yoko Shimomura adopted more subversive approaches to the previously-established musical gender norms.
Uematsu’s Postgame: The Music of Final Fantasy in the Concert Hall (and Beyond)
Authors: Greenfield-Casas Stefan
Published: April 2022

Hailed by Classic FM as the “Beethoven of Video Game Music,” Nobuo Uematsu’s scores for the Final Fantasy series (1987-present) have garnered a cult following. Yet as far back as 1989, Uematsu’s music has occupied a place not only within the respective games they accompany, but in the concert hall as well. This chapter begins by examining Uematsu’s role in the classifying of video game music since the late 1980s. Drawing on theories of musical arrangement and hermeneutics, it continues on to chart the various strategies used to arrange Uematsu’s scores, as well as interrogates the motivations for bringing the music outside of the games in the first place. The chapter concludes with a reflection on Uematsu’s placement within the video game music canon, suggesting his long-time association with these concerts contributed to his canonization.
The Devil in the Detail: Analyzing Nobuo Uematsu’s “One- Winged Angel” from Final Fantasy VII
Authors: Tate James S.
Published: April 2022

The author discusses the musical and cultural significance of “One Winged Angel” from Final Fantasy VII (1997). Using a variety of analytical techniques, including (but not limited to) neo-Riemannian and Schenkarian perspectives to explore the cultural influences and technological restrictions that impacted the piece. The author also explores how the piece fits into the wider narrative by examining other works from the game that feed into this overall track. The author aims to showcase a number of Uematsu’s musical influences and compositional methods through these various analytical techniques.
All Made Up: The role of make-up for women in later life
Authors: Searing Caroline , Zeilig Hannah
Published: April 2022

This qualitative study examines the role played by facial cosmetics or make-up in the (re)creation and expression of self-image and identity for six older, white women. Although there has been increasing interest in notions of appearance management and body image creation as these relate to older women, there have been few studies that specifically investigate the role and function of make-up for this cohort. This study, albeit small scale, is nonetheless rich and illuminative. It is contextualized by a detailed literature review that provides important historical and contemporary background to the in-depth interviews, which were conducted with older women. The themes of ritual, self-presentation and change that emerge from our results characterize the relationship of these older women with their make-up. Make-up for our interviewees was used as a source of comfort and for personal enjoyment, as well as to look good, rather than to attract the male gaze or as a means to resist ageing. The older women at the centre of this study use make-up in ways that may be considered ritualized, and it was associated with the expression and performance of their identity. Make-up was thus found to be central to the creation of the women’s self-image; all interviewees felt more confident about facing the world when made-up. Rather than being a mask behind which the women hide, for these women make-up is an essential part of who they are and a means of expressing their identities.
‘Cyber warfare’ in style: Cambridge Analytica and a mediatized ethics of fashion
Authors: Halliday Rebecca
Published: April 2022

On 29 November 2018, Christopher Wylie – a former Ph.D. researcher in fashion trends and the whistleblower of Cambridge Analytica – delivered a speechto The Business of Fashion’sVOICESconference, detailing how the firm harvested the data of more than 87 million Facebook users and utilized fashion psychographic brand preferences as measurable and estimable data that could be manipulated to influence political opinion through targeted psychographic social media content. This article takes Cambridge Analytica as a point of departure to explore interstices between fashion brands and consumers, and entrenched surveillance, in a mediatized field of fashion and within the culture wars. Jodi Dean’s concept of communicative capitalism, in which consumer statements take the form of affective bursts disseminated into and captured via the network under a market logic, articulates how our desires and/as identities can be honed to alter democratic processes and outcomes. Extending an affect framework, I posit that formations of consumer or user affect characterize relations between fashion companies and consumers in a politicized climate. This paper issues a call to scrutinize issues of media ethics, discourse and surveillance that these cases raise via a fashion studies perspective that perceives aesthetic preference as formative and reflective of global politics.
Clothing the practice: Community building, sportification and commodification in CrossFit and parkour
Authors: de Benedittis Mario , Ferrero Camoletto Raffaella
Published: April 2022

Relying on empirical data from two research projects on CrossFit and parkour, and adopting mixed methods (enactive ethnography, participant observation, online survey and social media analysis), this article aims at evidencing the role of apparel and gear in some processes engendering a transformation of the two practices. We investigate the making of boundaries – internal and external to the practices – that furnish ways of belonging to practitioners, focusing on how the processes of sportification and commodification are involved in these different ways of belongingness. We link these general processes to their connections with clothing, accessories and their material and symbolic use, showing how informational capital is at stake in this.
Obras de Maria Helena da Rocha Pereira X: Recensões Críticas, Notícias e Comentários
Authors: Pereira Maria Helena da Rocha
Published: April 2022

Neste volume se reúnem Recensões Críticas, Notícias e Comentários
The position of ground electrode affects electrocardiographic parameters in horses
Authors: Kenchaiwong Wootichai , Sangpo Pamika , Kusol Anawach , Pontaema Theerapong , Lerdweeraphon Wichaporn
Published: April 2022

Background and Aim: Improper attachment of the grounding lead is one of the artifacts and causes difficulty in interpretation of ECG. This study aimed to examine the effects of the position of a ground electrode on electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters in horses.

Materials and Methods: Sixteen Arabian horses without any cardiac problems were included in this study. The animals were divided into two groups, the base-apex lead method 1 (BA1 method) and the base-apex lead method 2 (BA2 method) with the reposition of the ground limb electrode to the xiphoid. ECG recordings (paper speed=25 mm/s and calibration=10 mm/ mV) were performed to obtain six limb leads (leads I, II, III, aVR, aVL, and aVF). The amplitude and duration of P waves and QRS complexes, PR interval, QT interval, and T duration were analyzed. T wave morphology was observed. Heart rate was evaluated by using R-R interval in each recording.

Results: Heart rate, P duration and amplitude, PR interval and T duration, and QRS duration and amplitude were not significantly different between the BA1 and the BA2 method, except that the BA2 method had a significantly higher QT interval than did the BA1 method (p<0.05). A higher significance of the percentage of coefficient of variation was seen on the P wave amplitude and the ORS amplitude in the BA1 method when compared to BA2 method (p<0.05).

Conclusion: These data indicated that base-apex lead method with reposition of the ground limb electrode to the xiphoid can decrease variation of ECG configuration and might be useful for routine ECG evaluation and monitoring in horses. The limitation of this study was the evaluation of cardiac morphology and function by echocardiography to exclude cardiac problems. In further, the studies should examine the effect of breed, age, body weight, and sex on electrocardiography parameters in horses.
Does super deduction R&D ﬁnancial policy in the pandemic Covid-19 give a super reaction?
Authors: Sari Cahyani Tunggal , Estuti Eni Puji , Indriastuti Ariyani
Published: April 2022

This research was motivated by the announcement of the super deduction R&D ﬁnan- cial policy (PMK 153/2020) issued by the Indonesian government during the Covid-19in 2020. This study tried to test and empirically prove either the presence or absence ofabnormal returns on the day around the announcement, before and after the announce-ment optimal portfolio of pharmaceutical and health sector stocks during the observationtime around the announcement of the super deduction R&D ﬁnancial policy. This isa quantitative research with event study using hypothesis testing from one samplet-test and paired sample t-test. The results showed that there was 1 day of observation,which indicated an abnormal return around the announcement day. Overall, beforeand after being announced based on the results of the paired sample t-test, it did notshow any abnormal returns. The highest optimal portfolio analysis is on stock of Darya Varia Laboratoria company which have a weighting of 40.86% and there are two stocks that are not optimal. This study shows that there is a reaction of market participants to pharmaceutical and health stocks on the announcement even though the reaction is very small. Based on the result, there is a need for information related to research and development activities of pharmaceutical and health companies for investors if they want to improve their stock performance.
The influence of perceived environmental friendly-office program regulation and public service motivation on pro-environmental behavior of civil servants with OCBE as intervening variable
Authors: Nugroho Bayu , Setyowati Widhy , Setiyono Taufiq Andre
Published: April 2022

Environmental problems such as air pollution, global warming and water scarcity pose a threat to environmental sustainability. One of the causes is the administration of public services. To reduce environmental damage, public organizations must support the implementation of activities that are more environmentally friendly and their employees must display pro-environmental behavior. The research was expected to contribute practical ideas in the form of optimal implementation of environmentally friendly office programs, and theoretical contributions because there were still few researches on pro-environmental behavior of public employees. The study examined the influence of Perceptions of Regulations on the Implementation of Environmentally Friendly Office Programs and Public Service Motivation on the Pro-Environmental Behavior of Civil Servants through Organization Citizenship Behavior Toward Environment (OCBE) as Intervening Variables. The research sample was West Semarang KPP Pratama employees who had implemented an environmentally friendly program. The theoretical basis was TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior) which had been widely used to test pro-environmental behavior. The results showed that the perception of regulation had no significant effect on pro-environmental behavior. Meanwhile, Public Service Motivation and OCBE had a significant influence. Then OCBE mediated the perception of regulation with pro-environmental behavior  fully, and public service motivation partially mediated pro-environmental behavior partially.
Pengaruh model bisnis canvasing terhadap risiko pada industri ﬁntech P2P lending Indonesia
Authors: Arkanuddin Mohammad Fahmi , Nugroho Bernardus Yuliarto , Wijaya Chandra
Published: April 2022

This quantitative study aims to analyze the signiﬁcant effect of the application of the canvasing business model on risk. The data were analysed using structural equation modeling (SEM) on 100 respondents through the distribution of questionnaires. In addition, interviews were also conducted with several P2P lending ﬁntech stakeholders to obtain an in-depth analysis of the problem. The result showed that the canvasing business model variable has a signiﬁcant effect on risk with an estimate of 0.871. The P2P lending ﬁntech industry has an inherent risk, namely credit risk and there are 7(seven) components of the canvasing business model (CBM) that have a correlation to credit risk and the risk of the COVID-19 pandemic. Credit risk due to NPL caused by unbanked and underserved can be mitigated by implementing the CBM components and the customer segments. The application of customer segments and keys of partnership can mitigate fraudster. Over debt can be mitigated by the application of a key of partnership. Meanwhile, the risk of pandemic-covid 19 is one type of risk that is added for research in addition to 8 (eight) types of risk, which can be mitigated by implement-ing one component or element of CBM. CBM is a channel, by utilizing e-channels, through the use and use of mobile applications.
The Bioprospecting of Mangrove Red Snapper Cultivation (Lutjanus argentimaculatus Forsskål, 1775) Using Floating Cages
Authors: Asiandu Angga Puja , Malayudha Achmad Gusti
Published: April 2022

Mangrove red snapper is one of the potential and valuable aquaculture products. The high demand for this fish causes high fishing activities. This condition can threaten their existence in the environment. It is necessary to have aquaculture activities to preserve their existence and meet market demand. Indonesia as a country with wide marine waters should be able to take advantage of the potential of fish farming by using a floating cage system. Thus, this article was written to analyze the bioprospecting of red snapper aquaculture. Based on the literature study, the floating net system has the potential to be developed on a large scale because the system has various advantages over fishing directly from nature. Things that must be considered in the cultivation of mangrove red snapper using floating nets are the area and quality of the floating nets, the composition of the feed, and the chemical components of the feed given to the fish. Based on economic potential, mangrove red snapper cultivation has high prospects which can be used as one of Indonesia's leading export products.
Liver and Renal Cell Damage Following Excess Bee Honey Consumption in Male Wistar Rat
Authors: Agbatutu Akpevwoghene , Asiwe Jerome Ndudi , Adebayo Olusegun Gafar
Published: April 2022

Honey is a widely used natural product with several health benefits. However, there is paucity of information on its excessive usage. The present study investigated the effect of excess honey consumption on hepato-renal functions in male wistar rats. Twenty-eight adult male Wistar rats were selected into four groups (n=7) and treated with distilled water (control) and 1ml, 2ml and 3ml of honey respectively for 5 weeks. Thereafter, the animals were euthanised and blood as well as kidney and liver were collected for further studies. There was a significant increase in Creatinine, Bilirubin, Urea AST, ALP, total protein as well as a significant decrease in RBC, WBC, haemoglobin, lymphocyte and PCV. Histology of the liver and kidney revealed a significant degeneration and necrosis in a dose dependent manner. This study suggest that excess honey consumption causes liver and renal cellular damage as well as haematological alterations.
The Failure of Western Policies toward Iran’s Power Projection & Resilience Strategies
Authors: Moussaoui Fatima
Published: April 2022

Today, the Islamic Republic has reached the age of reason after forty-three years in power. Its two pillars of existence are nationalism — reinforced by its exclusion from the international scene — and religion — as an ideological mechanism of resilience to evolve, and above all, to endure over time. This nationalist unconsciousness and the appropriation of its destiny in a logic of religious belief are the unexpected result of multiple offensive Western policies such as economic embargo, maximum pressure, sabotage, and targeted assassinations of Iranian personalities with the aim of putting an end to its nuclear programme and annihilating its unsuspected ambitions of expansion in the Middle East and Persian Gulf region. It seems that these Western, and more specifically American, policies have had the opposite effect and have only accelerated the rise of the principalists to power. Nowadays, this hard-line policy between conservatives and ultra-conservatives is more involved in logic of security and external defence policy to strengthen the economic, military and strategic capacities of the “axis of resistance”, and a new domestic policy called “economy of resistance” (a politico-religious project to counteract economic sanctions, as an alternative for the survival of the Islamic Republic while maintaining its independence from the West). The latter is based on logic of self-defence that aims to achieve economic self-sufficiency to counteract the external enemy, and adopts an internal policy that can broaden its popular partisan base. This would help maintain the goals of the imamate and, above all, keep Iran independent from the West.
Situación actual de Aruba, Curaçao y Sint Maarten tras la disolución de las Antillas Holandesas
Authors: Gallego Cosme Mario J.
Published: April 2022

La disolución, en 2010, de las Antillas Neerlandesas —u Holandesas, como más frecuentemente son conocidas— dio lugar a un escenario en el que los últimos remanentes coloniales de los Países Bajos se vieron abocados a decidir sobre su futuro. Para tres de estas islas, la solución fue integrarse dentro de la estructura fundamental del Estado, mientras que para las otras tres —Aruba, Curaçao y Sint Maarten— se decidió adoptar un esquema de mayor autogobierno dentro del Reino. Este artículo explora el estado de la situación político-administrativa de estas últimas partiendo del proceso de desarticulación antillano como referente.
El comercio francés en Sevilla y Cádiz en tiempo de los Habsburgo. La rivalidad comercial y marítima entre Sevilla y Cádiz hasta finales del siglo XVIII.
Authors: Cuño Bonito Justo
Published: April 2022

El comercio francés en Sevilla y Cádiz en tiempo de los Habsburgo 635 Pág./ 15 x 21 cm I.S.B.N.: 84-8472-239-2 2006. Editorial Renacimiento, Sevilla La rivalidad comercial y marítima entre Sevilla y Cádiz hasta finales del siglo XVIII 180 págs. / 14,5 x 21 cm ISBN: 84-8472-238-4 2006. Editorial Renacimiento, Sevilla
Estudios sobre educación intercultural en Colombia: tendencias y perspectivas
Authors: Castro Suárez Celmira
Published: April 2022

En este artículo la autora da cuanta de las tendencias y perspectivas de los estudios sobre educación intercultural que se han realizado en el país en los últimos años. Para lo cual hace un recorrido por los diversas preocupaciones por parte de los estudiosos del tema, quienes desde distintas tendencias conceptuales y disciplinares han venido redefiniendo el objeto de estudio de la diversidad cultural, la cual ya no solo es abordada con el propósito de cuantificar etnias o grupos culturales existentes, o para relacionar e inventariar sus lenguas o identificar las tendencias pedagógicas de moda en relación a la cultura.
La difusión política: Plataforma pública del Gaitanismo en Barranquilla
Authors: Guerra Adriano
Published: April 2022

El presente trabajo analiza el espacio público, la simbología y los medios comunicativos que ayudaron al Movimiento Gaitanista en la inserción de la mística popular durante los años 1944-1948. En otras palabras, explica por qué el movimiento Gaitanista logró un importante alcance en los sectores populares de la ciudad de Barranquilla, a pesar de no estar apoyado por los grandes medios de comunicación. Como principal planteamiento consideramos que fueron los semanarios, la prensa en pequeño formato, la radio y la simbología desplegada los que permitieron al gaitanismo alcanzar una trascendencia de facción política, que de otra forma no hubiera logrado.
Una mirada femenina al Caribe del siglo XIX Epistolario de Elizabeth Gross.
Authors: Cardozo Galué Germán
Published: April 2022

Este artículo analiza el libro de Elizabeth Gross publicado en 1921 y que describe pormenores de su estancia en Maracaibo y sus alrededores entre 1883 y 1896. A través de los relatos de la alemana el autor se acerca a la vida cotidiana y las representaciones sociales en una ciudad puerto del Caribe. Se hace especial énfasis en la adaptación a las novedades del clima, alimentación, enfermedades, relaciones con la población autóctona y proceso de criollización. Así mismo se resalta la contribución de los alemanes en la consolidación de la base originaria de la actual sociedad criolla en el occidente de Venezuela.
Digital Health Interventions to Improve Cardiometabolic Risk Profile among Adults with Obesity and Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nisa Hoirun , Barsbay Fadi
Published: April 2022

Background: The prevalence of chronic diseases is rapidly increasing globally.  Ubiquitous digital technologies give an opportunity for digital health intervention to improve cardiometabolic risk (CMR) profile that may consequently decrease the risk of chronic diseases. However, evidence on digital health associated with chronic disease interventions remains controversial.Purpose: This systematic review aimed to determine the association of digital health intervention with improving CMR profile of adults with obesity and chronic diseases.Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed was performed using the following criteria: publication between 2016-2021, using digital health tools as interventions, adults with obesity or chronic diseases, cardiometabolic profile as outcomes, and randomized controlled trial (RCT) as the design. The search yielded 548 articles of which 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. The Joanna Briggs checklist for RCT was used to assess the quality of the studies. Data analysis was conducted according to the guidance for synthesis without meta-analysis.Results: There were 8 (61.5%) out of 13 studies assessed the relationship between digital health interventions and weight, of which 7 studies (88%) found positive findings.  The association between digital health intervention and blood pressure were assessed in 7 (53.8%) out 13 studies, of which only two studies had positive findings related with systolic blood pressure. The intervention modalities included m-Health (apps) in 2 studies, text-messaging in 4 studies, and combinations of modalities in 8 studies. The interventions used different strategies, including education, self-management, and social support. More than a half of the studies (54%) were about weight-loss interventions and 10 (76.9%) studies used education for intervention components.Conclusions: Digital health intervention may be associated with decreased weight and BMI; however, only a few studies assessed other CMR profile, and the findings were inconsistent. Additional studies are needed to assess digital health interventions targeting other CMR profile, including blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol level.
Blood Pressure Control and Its Determinants among Patients with Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease in Myanmar
Authors: Mon Ei Su , Sriyuktasuth Aurawamon , Phligbua Warunee
Published: April 2022

Background: Controlling blood pressure is critical for patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease to prevent the rapid progression to end-stage renal disease and sudden cardiac death. However, only a limited number of these patients achieve the blood pressure target. No previous study has been observed to evaluate the status of blood pressure control and its determinants among Myanmar patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the rate of blood pressure control and its determinants among patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease in Myanmar.Methods: A total of 150 patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease attending the clinics at a tertiary hospital in Myanmar participated in this cross-sectional, correlational predictive study. They were recruited by a convenience sampling method. Data were collected by using Sodium Consumption Behavior Questionnaire, Family-Friends Support Subscale and Doctor-Health Care Team Support Subscale of Chronic Illness Resources Survey, demographic and clinical characteristics data form, and by measuring blood pressure against the target level of less than 130/80 mmHg. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, and binary logistic regression analysis were performed.Results: Only 44% of the participants had their blood pressure controlled. Overweight (OR=0.170, 95% CI: 0.058-0.495), obese (OR=0.071, 95% CI: 0.017-0.305), and chronic kidney disease stage 5 (OR=0.070, 95% CI: 0.020-0.244)  were the determinants associated with poorly controlled blood pressure. Low sodium consumption behavior (OR=9.065, 95% CI: 3.251-25.277) and high family support (OR=7.799, 95% CI: 2.738-22.215) were the determinants associated with well-controlled blood pressure.Conclusion: The blood pressure control rate in Myanmar patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease was suboptimal. Determinant findings serve as an input to endorse family-based lifestyle modification interventions such as weight control and low sodium dietary for optimizing blood pressure control. Further investigation of other determinants and of lifestyle intervention programs is warranted.