bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lung COVID v1
Authors: Jaturapisanukul Solos
Published: July 2023

Primaryobjectives: -To study the Chest CT andpulmonary function tests in ESRD patients after recovered from COVID-19 Secondary objectives - To study the factors affecting thepulmonary sequalae after COVID-19 in CKD patientssuch as oxygen requirement,ventilator need and levels of inflammatorycytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6)and C-reactive protein (CRP) Type of study: Prospective observational cohort study Inclusion Criteria: CKD stage 5 requiring HDor continuous peritoneal dialysis (CAPD ) for more than 3 months - Age 18-80 years - Diagnosis of COVID-19confirmed by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and recovered formore than3 months previously Exclusion Criteria: - Patients with history of chronic lungdiseases i.e chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and restrictive lungdisease Criteria to withdraw from the protocol Patients who have active disease after enrollment Participants 100 patients Place- Faculty of Medicine,Vajira Hospital ,Navamindradhiraj University
El «impôt unique» fisiocrático. Su recepción en España
Authors: Pisanelli Simona
Published: July 2023

A pesar de su limitado alcance espacio-temporal (Francia 1756-1777), la escuela fisiocrática ha dejado una huella decisiva en la historia del pensamiento económico. Al investigar la causa y la naturaleza de la riqueza nacional y los métodos para incrementarla, François Quesnay y los demás miembros de la fisiocracia identificaron el sector agrícola como la única fuente de produit net. Entre las reformas propuestas por los fisiócratas para reformar la estructura productiva de una sociedad atrasada, la más radical es probablemente la del impôt unique. Este artículo se propone explicar por qué, a pesar de su innegable fascinación, tal propuesta estaba destinada al fracaso, tanto en Francia como en el extranjero, con especial referencia al caso de España.
La conciencia del atraso socioeconómico: la mirada de los viajeros españoles del siglo XVIII hacia las «periferias» europea y musulmana
Authors: Perdices de Blas Luis , Ramos Gorostiza José Luis
Published: July 2023

Muchos viajeros ilustrados españoles de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII, conscientes del atraso relativo de España, visitaron el «centro» económico y cultural de la Europa de la época buscando aprender aquello digno de ser imitado, para así poder contribuir luego a la reforma de su propio país. Sin embargo, hubo otros viajeros ilustrados españoles que, haciendo gala de una notable capacidad analítica, decidieron visitar lo que entonces podían considerarse «periferias», como Portugal, Rusia, Marruecos y el Imperio Otomano. Este trabajo analiza qué buscaban estos viajeros –de un país «periférico» como España– en estas otras «periferias», y si dichos viajes pretendían también ser «útiles» en el sentido ilustrado.
Reformas coloniales e identidad ambivalente en «Idea del valor de la Isla Española» (1785) de Antonio Sánchez Valverde
Authors: Hontanilla Ana
Published: July 2023

Este ensayo se centra en las preconcepciones de los hacendados del Santo Domingo colonial sobre la raza, y la visión alternativa de la raza que se extrae al estudiar en conjunto temas como la defensa de la esclavitud, los usos de las fuentes y la definición de habitante en la obra de Antonio Sánchez Valverde. Al poner los supuestos narrativos y metodológicos de Sánchez Valverde en diálogo con los de los hacendados, no afirmo que el autor impugnara por completo los puntos de vista dominantes sobre la diferencia racial. Su educación privilegiada y su carrera como abogado y sacerdote lo vincularon a las élites coloniales. Sin embargo, su ascendencia africana y un historial judicial con arrestos por comportamiento rebelde sugieren que, desde el punto de vista administrativo, Valverde ocupaba una posición de alteridad. Esto permite explorar el eco y desafío a las ideas predominantes sobre la raza en su obra.
Leandro FERNÁNDEZ DE MORATÍN, «El sí de las niñas», introducción, edición y notas de Ana Contreras Elvira y Manuel Benito; pról. de José Luis Alonso de Santos, Madrid, Real Escuela Superior de Arte Dramático / Bolchiro, 2019, 205 págs.
Authors: San José Vázquez Eduardo
Published: July 2023

Sin resumen.
Soviet Research on the Economic Potential of the Scientific and Technological Revolution and the Theory of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Maslov Gleb A.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of the regularities of the evolution of economic thought, the relationship between the development of economic reality and science, the nature of the similarity of the positions of seemingly completely unrelated theories. In particular, in the text the relation between Soviet research approaches of the socio-economic consequences of the scientific and technological revolution and the theory of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is focused. As a result of modern technological transformations, the economic reality is changing, which, in turn, sets a new research scope for theory. The appeal to historical experience, research of the correlation between theory and practice contributes to the search for answers to modern challenges. The key features of scientific and technological revolution highlighted by Soviet researchers were automation and chemicalization. These components also related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution in the evolved form. In capitalism, they have a direct impact on a number of elements of the economic system, which was reflected by both Soviet economists and modern researchers. Issues on the adjustment of production goals and the functioning of its system are raised. Issues on the adjustment of production goals, the expansion of quality of life criteria are raised. Potential transformations affect both the level of individual enterprises and national economies as a whole (mainly in developed countries). The prerequisites for expanding the role of the government are highlighted. The article concludes that, despite the need to revise a number of provisions, the legacy of Soviet thought, as well as the theory of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, is becoming more topical currently. It is determined by the course of scientific and technological progress. It is noted that the advantage of Soviet approaches is their belonging to a large theoretical system, Marxism. The theory of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is included in the field of several disciplines, but it is not closely related to any already established research tradition.
Penerapan model discovery learning untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir analitis siswa pada mata pelajaran Geografi di SMAN 1 Kademangan
Authors: Cahya Rinanda Dwi , Suharto Yusuf , Insani Nailul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to improve analytical thinking skills in geography subjects in class XI IPS 2 SMAN 1 Kademangan Blitar using the Discovery Learning learning. This research is a Class Action Research. This type of research aims to overcome problems that are in the classroom that have been observed before.  The students targeted by the study were in class XI IPS 2 with the number of students, namely 34 students, with the number of men 11 and women 23 students.  Data collection techniques use primary data obtained from the implementation of actions. Research instruments used in the form of test questions and field records. The data analysis used is to compare the average score of students' analytical thinking skills The average result of the analytical thinking skills test score in cycle I was 64 while in cycle II it was 83 so that it increased the score by 19 with a percentage of 29.6875%. Conclusions from the results of the study reveal that the application of Discovery Learning can improve students' analytical thinking skills.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir analitis pada mata pelajaran geografi di kelas XI IPS 2 SMAN 1 Kademangan Blitar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK).  Jenis penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah yang berada di dalam kelas yang sudah di observasi sebelumnya. Siswa yang menjadi sasaran penelitian berada di kelas XI IPS 2 dengan jumlah siswa yaitu 34 siswa, dengan jumlah laki-laki 11 dan perempuan 23 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari pelaksanaan tindakan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa soal tes dan catatan lapangan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan membandingkan skor rata-rata kemampuan berpikir analitis siswa. Hasil rata-rata skor tes kemampuan berpikir analitis pada siklus I adalah 64 sedangkan pada siklus II yaitu 83 sehingga mengalami peningkatan skor sebesar 19 dengan presentase 29.6875%. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa penerapan Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir analitis siswa.
Determination of Changes in Physicochemical and Microbiological Properties of Tomato Paste Exposed to Different Gases of Cold Plasma Technique
Authors: ATİK Azize , ATİK İlker , AKARCA Gökhan , DENİZKARA Ayşe Janseli
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to reveal the effect of cold plasma application using different gases and mixtures on some physicochemical and microbiological properties of tomato paste. For this purpose, applications were performed in different gases and times, and the effect of each application was examined separately. As a result of the study, the pH values of the samples varied between 3.77 and 4.87, and the aw values between 0.718 and 0.819. When the color values were examined, it was determined that the L* value varied between 22.42 – 32.48, the a* value varied between 23.59 – 30.18 and the b* value varied between 12.16 – 19.52 (P
New Records for The Latridiidae (Coleoptera) Fauna of Turkey
Authors: TÜVEN Aylin , VARLI Sakin Vural
Published: July 2023

This study, which was carried out using window and pitfall traps, was conducted between April-December in 2012-2014 to identify the species connected to the Latridiidae (Coleoptera) family found in oak and beech areas in Balıkesir. As a result of the study, a total of 22 species belonging to nine genera of the family Latridiidae were determined. Six of these species, Cartodere nodifer (Westwood, 1839), Corticaria longicollis (Zetterstedt, 1838), C. obscura C.N.F Brisout de Barneville, 1863, Corticarina minuta (Fabricius, 1792), Enicmus fungicola (C. G. Thomson, 1868) and Enicmus testaceus (Stephens, 1830) are new records for Turkey. The 13 species whose locality was recorded for the first time from Turkey are Metophthalmus hungaricus Reitter, 1884, E. transversus (Oliver, 1790), Enicmus brevicornis (Mannerheim, 1844), Latridius minutus (Linnaeus, 1767), Corticarina curta (Wollaston, 1854), Cortinicara gibbosa (Herbst, 1793), Melanophthalma rhenana Rücker & Johnson, 2007, M. taurica (Mannerheim, 1844), M. fuscipennis (Mannerheim, 1844), Corticaria serrata (Paykull, 1798), Corticaria elongata (Gyllenhal, 1827), C. pubescens (Gyllenhal, 1827) and Migneauxia crassiuscula (Aubé, 1850). E. rugosus (Herbst, 1793) and M. distinguenda (Comolli, 1837) species are new records for the Marmara Region, while Cartodere apfelbecki (Reitter, 1901) species are new records for the local fauna of Balikesir Province. In addition, the zoogeographic distribution of the recorded species was also evaluated.
Who is the bilingual science teacher:
Authors: Figueroa Salamanca Carlos Sebastian
Published: July 2023

En este profiling se busca saber cómo se ha trabajado metodológica y teóricamente la identidad de los profesores de ciencias bilingües. Para el análisis se buscaron artículos en las bases de datos Francis & Taylor y Scopus, seleccionando 50 artículos de diferentes partes del mundo basados en la construcción de una frase de búsqueda que alberga las categorías de interés. Las tendencias encontradas fueron: 1. La invisibilización del profesor de ciencias como individuo en los procesos de bilingüismo, 2. Las políticas y las prácticas de bilingüismo moldean las identidades de los profesores de ciencias, 3. usualmente el profesor de lengua se encarga de la enseñanza de las ciencias en procesos bilingües. Como conclusión se tiene que los trabajos acerca de la identidad del profesor de ciencias bilingüe son escasos; es necesario problematizar este campo dado que se ha normalizado partiendo del hecho de que el bilingüismo en el mundo ha sido entendido desde el uso de *English as Medium of Instruction (EMI) (Inglés como medio de instrucción) y *Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) (Aprendizaje integrado de contenidos y lenguas extranjeras -AICLE-)
El arte como herramienta didáctica para la lectoescritura
Authors: Mendoza Camacho Martha Gabriela , Pérez Amezcua Luis Alberto , Campos Ceballos José Isabel , Alonzo González Rosa María , Macías Espinosa Verónica Concepción
Published: July 2023

El siguiente texto forma parte de un proceso de investigación-acción que tuvo como propósito crear un programa educativo de fomento a la lectoescritura a partir del arte, el cual fue aplicado a un grupo focal de niños entre los diez y once años pertenecientes a la escuela Gordiano Guzmán de Ciudad Guzmán en Jalisco, México. Se trata de un trabajo interdisciplinar en el cual investigadores de diferentes áreas se unieron para realizar una propuesta pedagógica a través de la indagación de las necesidades específicas del grupo focal, con el ánimo de proponer una intervención de fomento a la lectoescritura que considerase su desarrollo cognitivo y su contexto, a partir de la representación de sus mundos ideales por medio de la escritura y el arte. Así pues, en la primera fase de investigación se realizó un instrumento diagnóstico que dio algunos resultados para elaborar una propuesta de intervención artística. Precisamente, en este trabajo se lleva a cabo un análisis de dichos resultados, considerando un marco teórico basado en la semiótica del arte y la lingüística aplicada. Con todo, el objetivo fue encontrar elementos significativos que permitieran desarrollar un programa de lectura y una intervención artística basados en la construcción y la representación de los mundos ideales de los participantes, así como atender y fortalecer el aprendizaje lingüístico.
Elecciones, clientelismo competitivo y autocratización en Venezuela
Authors: Alarcón Benigno , Hidalgo Manuel
Published: July 2023

En este trabajo se analizan las estrategias de clientelismo político-electoral utilizadas por un régimen autoritario para mantenerse en el poder. Al efecto, se parte de una discusión teórica sobre el papel de las elecciones en contextos autoritarios para extraer un conjunto de argumentos que se examinan en las elecciones legislativas de 2020 y regionales-municipales de 2021 en Venezuela, apoyándose en diversos índices, encuestas de opinión e informes de observación electoral. Tras identificar el régimen político venezolano, en particular desde la llegada de Nicolás Maduro al poder (2013-actualidad), se describen los principales problemas de integridad electoral en los procesos electorales durante la etapa chavista para entender qué aspectos cambian durante el periodo electoral 2020-‍2021. Al aplicar el marco de análisis se evidencia cómo la mejora de algunos aspectos de la integridad para las elecciones de 2021 han ido acompañados del uso acusado de mecanismos político-clientelares competitivos que han sido eficaces para fragmentar y dispersar el voto opositor y aumentar los niveles de abstención para garantizar la continuidad de la élite gobernante en el poder. Partiendo de los hallazgos de este estudio y la naturaleza del régimen, se realizan una serie de proyecciones sobre la relación entre integridad electoral y competitividad del régimen autoritario venezolano de cara a los comicios presidenciales previstos para 2024 y las dificultades para producir una transición democrática por la vía electoral.
Exploring the wellbeing and challenges faced by smallholder plantation farmers in Malaysia: A systematic review
Authors: Abiddin Norhasni Zainal , Mohd Ghazali Mohd Fauzi , Yahya Shahrul Izad , Jantan Norazlan , Abdul Halim Nabila Husna
Published: July 2023

This systematic review article focuses on the wellbeing, challenges and issues faced by smallholder plantation farmers in Malaysia. Malaysia’s smallholder plantation farmers come from diverse backgrounds and contribute significantly to the nation’s economy. In spite of this, their plantations are not immune from constraints that influencetheir survival as well as their economic well-being. Additionally, several reports indicate that various effortsand support have been made by stakeholders to improve the situation, but to no avail, since there are still issues and challenges in place despite more than a decade of implementation. Hence, this study aims to systematically identify these challenges and issues faced by the smallholder plantation farmers in Malaysia. Through four steps of systematic review process, 23 related articles from 2010–2022 were analyzed. Eight categories have been identifiedto be the challenges faced by the smallholder plantation farmers and were grouped into two differentcategories. The categories and subcategories namely formal challenges include quality of government aid, unresolved land ownership issue among the smallholders, unstable market price and harming of environmental sustainability and the informal challenges include reluctant of young generation in smallholding plantation, lack of related knowledge in plantation, lack of finance stabilityand cultivation issues. With two main categories, the challenges and issues have been more clarifiedand seemlier manageable for their wellbeing. Furthermore, a number of recommendations were mentioned in this study for future research.
Beyond borders: The integration of foreign students in the distance learning educational process at the Russian university
Authors: Kremen Sergey A. , Kremen Faina M. , Tsitsikashvili Kseniya P.
Published: July 2023

The study aims to examine the integration of foreign students who are studying in a distance learning format into the educational process of a Russian university. A mixed-methods approach, involving quantitative data collection (survey and data analysis) and qualitative methods (interviews), was used. Data analysis was conducted using inferential statistics. The study included 103 first-year foreign freshman students (from Uzbekistan, China, Haiti, and Sri Lanka) who were studying remotely at Smolensk State University. The authors identified four interrelated elements of educational integration: technological, academic, sociocultural, and psychological. The combination of their indicators (mastery of the distance learning platform, need for university support, academic performance, proficiency in the Russian language, sociocultural adaptation, satisfaction with learning, etc.) generally demonstrates the successful integration of foreign students into the educational process, while also revealing some differences among representatives of different countries. It was also found that the distance learning format does not significantly reduce the impact of sociocultural integration on academic performance: language and cultural difficulties can negatively affect academic performance. In turn, experience in distance learning, good proficiency in Russian, completion of the curriculum, and participation in activities that develop intercultural competencies ensure successful educational integration.
The economic limit on sporting success: how can football industry develop?
Authors: Platonov V. V. , Kuziaev D. A.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: of the article is to develop recommendations for the development of football enterprises based on the study of the economic causes of the phenomenon of "overeinvestment" in the football industry.Methods: regression based on the Cobb-Douglas production function with data from the Russian Tax Service database as well as data of the Russian premier league (RPL) for 2018–2022.

Results: football industry suffers extreme diseconomies of scale in persuade for sporting success unlike the most other industries. Success in RPL statistically significantly determined not only by labor costs but as well as by capital costs. At the same time, the elasticity of the league outcome to labor costs is somewhat lower than that of capital costs. By getting higher league standing by boosting costs a team enters on plateau of vanishing sporting gains. The predicted dependence of the performance in RPL based on costs pattern is very close to the actual data, including the economic limit of the maximum league outcome. Alongside the labor costs, other tangible and intangible factors are significant, especially for clubs with sustainable competitive advantage and better ability to sustain diseconomies of scale.Conclusions and Relevance: the root cause of overinvestment in football industry is the extreme diseconomies of scale, with other factors being consequences. The development of the industry is possible by combination of sporting and business performance by producing entertainment and information products. Sustainable advantage requires the development of intellectual capital, which improves returns and resilience to rising costs. It requires innovation to develop resources and capabilities of the football enterprise e.g. network capital and organizational know-how.
Factors of geographical concentration in the tourism industry: evidence from Northeast Caucasus Daniil A. Sitkevich 1, Andrei S. Korotkov
Authors: Sitkevich D. A. , Korotkov A. S.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: is to study the factors influencing the geographical concentration of hospitality industry enterprises in the republics of the Northeast Caucasus (Ingushetia, Chechnya and Dagestan) – regions that have been the object of an active tourism cluster policy for many years, and which have seen a significant increase in the number of vacationers over the past three years.Methods: the study is based on a hybrid methodology. It uses cartographic data on the prevalence of resolution and collective dining facilities in the Northeastern Caucasus, as well as the results of 29 semi-structured in-depth interviews with representatives of the hospitality industry in Dagestan.Results: the tourist boom that occurred after 2020 in the North Caucasus is not taking place in the special economic zones that have been created. Tourist enterprises are concentrated in those municipalities where the state has not pursued a cluster policy. In addition to the abundance of basic tourist resources (sea, mountains, natural and cultural attractions), the formation of the hospitality industry in these locations has been associated with their transport accessibility, agglomeration effect, the desire of entrepreneurs to take tourists to their native villages, differences in business culture between residents of different municipalities, and the established preferences of tourists themselves. The study also showed that, despite the suitable natural conditions for the creation of ski and beach resorts, the efforts of federal authorities to create tourist clusters were insufficient. The relatively successful cases in the region are associated either with the historically established tourist center, or with the additional efforts of regional authorities.Conclusions and Relevance: insufficient infrastructure policy in the regions hinders the development of tourism not only within special economic zones, but also outside them. Reorientation from the creation of new large resorts to support existing businesses could give a much greater impact on the development of the tourism sector and the modernization of the North Caucasus economy.
Market share and efficiency: Causality test in Indonesian general insurance industry
Authors: Jamil Iqram Ramadhan , Setiawan Maman
Published: July 2023

This study aims to analyze the relationship between market share and technical efficiency in the Indonesian general insurance industry. The data for the period 2010-2020 is used, which was obtained from the Indonesian Financial Services Authority (OJK). The results show that efficient companies emerged from the category of industry possessing comparatively higher and lower market shares. Furthermore, the panel Granger-causality test indicates a one-way direction of causality, where only the market share has an impact on the technical efficiency score. The panel regression using the Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) model shows that market share has a negative impact on technical efficiency scores. Other variables, such as the age of the industry, merger, and acquisition are listed in the stock exchange and do not have a significant effect on the efficiency score. Based on the aforementioned findings, it can be inferred that the quiet-life hypothesis is applicable within the Indonesian general insurance sector. Consequently, the government must foster competition among the businesses operating within the industry.
Fix effect sur to analyze economic growth in developed and developing countries
Authors: Pratama Muhamad Liswansyah , Fitriani Rahma , Astutik Suci
Published: July 2023

This study aims to identify the relationship between population density, inflation, and unemployment rates on the human development index, GNP, export-import, and urbanization in the developed and developing countries category using the Fix Effect Seemingly Unrelated Regression (FE SUR) with a dummy variable as the slope component. This research necessitates the development of the Seemingly Unrelated Regression model, specifically the Panel Seemingly Unrelated Regression (Panel SUR) model with a dummy variable as the slope component, due to the dynamic nature of the data and the fact that the same set of predictor variables explains the five response variables. The Panel, the Seemingly Unrelated Regression model with dummy variables, can accommodate research objectives where the SUR model can explain the influence between variables, differences in characteristics between countries can be explained by fixed effect models, and differences in the effect of population density, inflation, and unemployment rates on the human development index, GNP, exports imports and urbanization in the categories of developed and developing countries can be explained by slope dummy variables. The results showed that 98.46% of the diversity of response variables (human development index, GNP, exports, imports, and urbanization) could be explained by predictor variables (population density, inflation, and unemployment rate), while the other 1.54% was explained by other factors not included in the fixed effect SUR model. In addition, the results show that population density has a significant positive relationship with GNP, imports, and exports. However, there is a significant negative relationship between unemployment and GNP. There are large differences in the relationship between the unemployment rate and GNP in developed and developing countries, whereas in developed countries, there is a larger and negative relationship compared to developing countries.
The impact of foreign direct investment on income inequality in developing countries: The Bayesian approach
Authors: Gam To Thi Hong , Oanh Dao Le Kieu , Dang Nguyen Mau Ba
Published: July 2023

Inequality in general and income inequality in particular have existed for a long time and tend to increase daily. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is expected to be an important factor contributing to mitigating that situation. However, the results of previous empirical studies on the impact of FDI on income inequality have not reached a consistent conclusion. Therefore, this study evaluated the impact of foreign direct investment on income inequality in developing economies. The study has provided evidence that the relationship is nonlinear through data from a sample of 36 developing countries between 2008 and 2020 and the Monte-Carlo algorithm according to the Bayesian approach. We document a U-shaped effect of FDI on income inequality. Besides, other factors, including trade openness and migration, obviously impact income inequality. Different results were found when FDI interacted with trade or migration, representing important channels through which inequality is affected. With these results, we suggest that policymakers in developing countries should develop appropriate policies on FDI attraction encourage trade openness and migration to reduce income inequality.
Entrepreneurship Orientation to Nurture the Halal Food Industry Future in Ethiopia
Authors: Fikadu Gemechis , Kebede Kenesa , Kant Shashi
Published: July 2023

The concept of entrepreneurship is not unique in Islam, as observed from history, that the Prophet and His disciples engaged in it as a respectable profession. Islamic economic academics recently invented the term "Halal entrepreneurship" or "Halalpreneurship" to describe and separate business owners in the Halal market from those in other industries. Islamic ideas are incorporated into business owners in the Halal sector, reshaping them through certain traits that permit the usage of the phrases "Halalpreneurs" and "Halalpreneurship." But defining Halalpreneurship has only been addressed in a few number of scholarly papers. In this sense, this chapter aims to achieve two main objectives. To properly introduce Halal entrepreneurship (Halalpreneurship), it is first necessary to highlight the salient features that distinguish it from other forms of business. Researchers assessed RMSEA levels under 0.05 to be good, between 0.05 and 0.08 to be acceptable, between 0.08 and 0.1 to be marginal, and over 0.1 to be poor, all in accordance with some theoretical underpinnings. Here, all latent item covariance was greater than 0.70, indicating a good match.  One will be able to recognize their position as a Halalpreneur in the Halal industry with the help of such understanding and knowledge. The impact of exposure on the outcome is the direct effect in the absence of the mediator. The effect of exposure on the outcome of mediation is the working indirect pathway.
Summary Brief: Evaluation Study For 12 Projects Financed By The Proadapt Facility
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank,   Nordic Development Fund
Published: July 2023

The ProAdapt Facility was launched in 2013 by the IDBs Multilateral Investment Fund (MIF), now IDB Lab, and the Nordic Development Fund (NDF). The main objective of the Facility was to support climate resilience in MSMEs and the local communities where they operate, as well as to foster business and investment opportunities with private resilience solutions. The IDB and NDF commissioned an independent evaluation to assess the benefits of the funded interventions and the achievement of results of individual projects, including the effectiveness of the Facility in promoting the dissemination of results. The evaluation also aimed to draw lessons learned and formulate recommendations for similar initiatives and other IDB and NDF Group funds supporting MSME climate change adaptation.
Research Insights: Can a Crisis Reduce Trust in the President to the Point that Citizens Do Not Accept Fiscal Reforms or Economic Sacrifices Intended to Overcome It?
Authors: Bonvecchi Alejandro , Calvo Ernesto , Otálvaro-Ramírez Susana , Scartascini Carlos
Published: July 2023

Survey data for Argentina and Uruguay do not show a decline in trust in the president among those whose health was compromised by COVID-19. Over time, trust in the president increased in Uruguay and declined in Argentina among the population at large. Evidence on support for greater economic sacrifices was mixed. Compared to the population in general, those whose health or that of their loved ones was affected by the virus showed more support for the economic sacrifices necessary to exit the pandemic.
Migración forzada y finanzas públicas locales: evidencia de los municipios en Colombia
Authors: Traettino Salvador
Published: July 2023

La evidencia empírica sobre la relación entre migración, finanzas públicas y decisiones de gasto, argumenta que los efectos están mediados por sentimientos de (anti)solidaridad de los nativos y por la (in)capacidad de los migrantes de afectar las decisiones de política. Sin embargo, estos estudios no suelen considerar el contexto institucional de pases en vías de desarrollo y el grado de discrecionalidad de las autoridades locales para afectar el presupuesto público. Utilizando la llegada de 1,7 millones de migrantes venezolanos a Colombia como un cuasi experimento y empleando una estrategia de efectos fijos incluyendo una medida plausiblemente exógena del choque migratorio y un modelo de Diferencias-en-Diferencias (DD), se encuentran efectos de la migración en incrementos del gasto per cápita y en la composición del gasto en educación, seguridad y agua potable y saneamiento. Los resultados sugieren que los municipios respondieron a la atención de los migrantes realizando una recomposición del gasto. Los efectos parecen explicarse por las características de los migrantes, las atribuciones de las autoridades locales y por sus intereses particulares.
Deshacer para rehacer: arquitecturas frente a la decolonización
Authors: García Ramírez William
Published: July 2023

"Deshacer para rehacer: arquitecturas frente a la decolonización" presenta 6 proyectos realizados en 3 continentes que, con su accionar, deconstruyen narrativas, cuestionan hechos y desnudan espacios para revelarnos una visión otra que pone en tela de juicio tales narrativas, hechos y espacios. Así, el decolonialismo en arquitectura se constituye en una plataforma discursiva que acoge y amplifica una discusión que ya se venía dando tiempo atrás, sobre la pertinencia y validez de ciertas narrativas hegemónicas en la historia sociocultural de los países. Esta plataforma configura, en el campo de la arquitectura, un panorama de prácticas decolonizadoras en las que, a partir de un mismo principio (deshacer) apuntan a un rehacer caracterizado por tres intenciones particulares:

Deshacer para reivindicar una causa.
Deshacer para revertir un hecho.
Deshacer para reconstruir una memoria.
Formation and Transformation of Ideals and Scientific Research Norms in the Field of Professional Social Progress
Authors: Sorokin Gennady V. , Eroshenko Tatyana I. , Ukraintsev Nikolay P.
Published: July 2023

Scientific activity draws ideals and norms from socio-historical practice. Historically, science is associated with the development of culture, in which science acts as one of the activities for acquiring knowledge about the world and the person in it. Scientific knowledge interacts with other segments of culture, with other types of non-scientific knowledge. The ideological picture of each epoch formed by the whole system of knowledge becomes the basis for scientific ideas. The ideals and norms of a certain stage of culture, one way or another, are embodied in the parameters of scientific research. On the basis of a retrospective, the article examines the existing and probable directions of development and search for ideals and norms of scientific knowledge. As a hypothetical assumption, a proposal was made to include reasonable forces that surpass human culture in the modern scientific picture of the world. After all, latently this is already contained in the form of the anthropic principle, the idea of the unlimited development of scientific knowledge, the doctrine of social progress. However, such a piece of scientific knowledge should not be developed on the basis of traditional religious ideas. A similar picture of the world is being developed in the scientific developments of domestic and foreign scientists, the CETI project.
Az infláció gyors letörése mellett a pénzügyi stabilitást is megőrizzük : Interjú Virág Barnabással, az MNB alelnökével
Authors: Lambert Gábor , Virág Barnabás
Published: July 2023

Virág Barnabás 2020. június 22. óta a Magyar Nemzeti Bank (MNB) monetáris politikáért és pénzügyi stabilitásért felelős alelnöke. 2015-től az alelnöki kinevezéséig az MNB Monetáris politikáért és közgazdasági elemzésekért felelős ügyvezető igazgatója volt. 2013 és 2015 között az MNB Közgazdasági elemzésekért felelős igazgatója. Jelen interjú 2023. május közepén került véglegesítésre.
Kell-e újraelosztás a nyugdíjrendszerben?
Authors: Kovács Erzsébet
Published: July 2023

A Magyar Államkincstár évente szervez nemzetközi nyugdíj szemináriumot, amit legutóbb 2022. szeptember 29-én tartottunk. A központi téma ezúttal a nyugdíj és a várható élettartam összekapcsolása, a nyugdíjrendszerekben megvalósuló újraelosztás volt, és ehhez kötődően számos érdekes előadás hangzott el. A szeminárium egyik moderátoraként volt alkalmam részleteiben is megismerni az előadók kutatási anyagait, és elgondolkodni két kérdésen. Egyrészt azon, hogy a nyugdíjrendszerek számos gondja miért csak a szakembereket foglalkoztatja, másrészt azon, hogy a nyugdíjrendszeren belüli újraelosztás, a generációkon belüli és generációk közötti újraelosztás miért kapott kiemelt figyelmet. A Biztosítás és Kockázat rendre közöl nyugdíjtémájú írásokat, ez az írás is ebbe a sorba illeszkedik.
Exploring the Effects of Swirl Intensity on NO Emission in Ammonia-Methane-Air Premixed Swirling Flames
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Guiberti Thibault , Roberts William
Published: July 2023

The high emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) is one of the major obstacles to the practical application of ammonia as a carbon-free fuel. Improving the flow distribution and structure has been demonstrated to achieve low NOx emissions. However, in comparison to hydrocarbon flames, the influence of swirl intensities on ammonia NOx emissions is still not well understood. This study builds upon previous research by further exploring the effects of swirl intensity on NO production in ammonia-methane-air premixed swirling flames. A new adjustable axial swirler was designed to achieve a wide range of swirl numbers. We measured flame morphology, NO emissions, and NO and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) images over extensive ranges of equivalence ratio and ammonia fraction. The study found that increasing the swirl number from 0.6 to 1.0 resulted in a more compact flame, with enhanced reactions in the corner recirculation zone. Varying the swirl number significantly alters the NO concentration in the exhaust gas. The concentration of NO was significantly reduced at an equivalence ratio of 0.90 and an ammonia fraction greater than 80%. NO/OH-PLIF indicated that NO was primarily formed in the main reaction zone, with NO-PLIF intensity in the post-flame zone almost remaining constant at different heights. The integrated intensities of NO and OH-PLIF were obtained at different heights above the nozzle. A positive linear correlation was observed between NO-PLIF plateau intensity and NO mole fraction. The increased heat loss to the wall at larger swirl intensities reduces the flame temperature in the main reaction zone, which inhibit the formation of OH radicals, ultimately resulting in low NO emissions.
The effect of moisture contents on the physical properties of both bambara groundnut seeds and pods in South Africa
Authors:   University of Kwazulu-Natal, Nkambule S , Workneh T , Sibanda S ,   Agricultural Research Council, Alaika K , Lagerwall G
Published: July 2023

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean (L) Verdc) is an indigenous African crop. In South Africa, the crop is grown by rural subsistence farmers. This crop is classified as a drought-tolerant crop and it can produce good yields in poor soil conditions. However, statistics show that Bambara groundnut production is currently neglected by industries due to the lack of research on the crop focused on postharvest technologies, and agro-processing. Current research on the crop is mostly focused on agronomic and growing characteristics. Data on the physical properties and processing equipment for the Bambara groundnuts are limited. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of moisture contents on both Bambara groundnut seeds (shelled) and pods (unshelled). The physical properties of the pods and seeds were measured at three moisture content levels. The finding showed that axial dimensions, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, volume, and weight increase as moisture content increases. The static coefficient of friction of seeds and pods increased from 0.15 to 0.19 and 0.29 to 0.31, respectively. Simirlarly, the bulk density of shelled and unshelled groundnuts increased from 500 to 955, and 355 to 422 kg.m-3, respectively. The results also showed that the true density of seeds rose from 994 to 1832 kg.m-3 and for the unshelled groundnuts it increased linearly from 532 to 655 kg.m-3. The required forces for cracking both bambara groundnut seeds and kernels showed a declining trend as moisture increased from 6 to 20%. The cracking forces required for Bambara groundnuts kernels at 6, 15, and 20 % are 32.5 ±12 N, 29.9 ±15.3 N, and 28.9 ±9 N, respectively. As the moisture increased, the data deviation from the mean decreased from 16.30 to 10.1 N. In terms of designing agro processing eqiupment or machinary such as a shelling machine, the physical properties from the lower moisture content are recommended. Key words: cracking force, physical properties, moisture content, Bambara groundnuts
Gender-based planning of meals at the household level in Ghana
Authors:   Akenten Appiah-Menka University of Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Abraham JD
Published: July 2023

Planning is important for the management and sustainable use of resources. To ensure sustainable quality meals, there is the need to plan meals in the home. Planning of meals can best be achieved if gender, especially, women who are the key people responsible for meals in the home, are involved. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the determinants of gender-based meal planning and the frequency of meals in Ghana using structured questionnaires and a multistage sampling technique. A total of 3521 households were interviewed across fourteen regions of Ghana, to identify how males and females plan their meals at the household level, and the key players involved in the choice of meals in the home. The country is stratified into regions and the regions further stratified into urban, peri-urban and rural areas. Purposive sampling was used to select households for the survey considering social classes and livelihoods of the people in the communities. Data obtained were entered in Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 16 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY) for analysis using the Pearson’s chi square at a P-value of 0.05 to determine statistical differences between gender. Associations between factors that influence frequencies of meals were determined by Cramér's V. Findings showed that, women are mostly responsible for meals at the household level. The study also showed that most Ghanaian households eat three times per day, but their meals are often not planned. Furthermore, the findings of the study suggest that educational attainment and income do not have significant impact on the frequency of meals and gender-based planning of meals in the home. The study showed that 67.41% of households involved in the study were headed by men but those responsible for cooking were mostly women (63.71%). Only a few households planned their meals. Of these, women were mostly responsible for the provision of meals. Therefore, it is important to consider gender in the planning of meals to ensure good nutrition and food availability to the household throughout the year. Key words: food quality, food security, gender, household meal, nutrition, planning, women
Pesticide use, management practices and perceived effects on the health of cocoa farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors:   University of Calabar, Eta HC , Eremi EO , Idiku FO , Eta JN
Published: July 2023

Pesticide poisoning is a leading occupational and public health concern among farmers in Nigeria. Nevertheless, with the country’s rising population coupled with fluctuations in climatic conditions that favor frequent pest and disease outbreaks, the demand for pesticides has been on the increase to enhance food production and quality, thereby ensuring food security. Cross River State is the second largest cocoa producing state in the country with many small scale farmers involved in cocoa production. In spite of researches carried out on agrochemical use in Nigeria, little is known about pesticide use in Cross River State. This study was, therefore, aimed at documenting pesticide use, management practices and perceived effects on cocoa farmers’ health in Cross River State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to survey 150 cocoa farmers in the State. A set of structured questionnaires was used to elicit information from farmers. The instrument focused on farmers’ socio-economic characteristics, major pesticides used, pesticide management practices, and perceived pesticide effects on health. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results showed that the majority (71.3%) of farmers was male with most (60.7%) having farming experience of ten years and above, implying that cocoa production is dominated by men. Pesticides used in the study area were: herbicides such as clear weed (58%), insecticides such as Actara 25WG (98%) and Dursban 48EC (96%), inferring that more insecticides than herbicides were used by farmers. Pesticide management practices such as “use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and reading manufacturers’ instructions before pesticide application” were practiced by 26% and 38% of respondents, respectively. Cough (MS=4.03), shortness of breath (MS=3.96), skin itching (MS=3.87), dizziness (MS=3.78) and sneezing (MS=3.78) were the severely perceived pesticide related sicknesses reported by farmers. The study recommended that agricultural extension advisory services should lay more emphasis on pesticide risk awareness and attitudinal change among farmers. Key words: Pesticide use, Pesticide management practices, Farmers’ Health, Perceived pesticide effects
Edible grasshoppers (Ruspolia differens) as alternative source of protein from insects to combat malnutrition
Authors:   Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute, Chuwa C , Ngendello T , Saidia P , Mlay DP
Published: July 2023

One of the most common public health issues affecting both children and adults in poor nations is malnutrition. Malnutrition is frequently attributed to food insecurity or a lack of access to enough food. Malnutrition is a serious issue in Tanzania mainland and Zanzibar, that requires attention. More cases of malnutrition than any other category are caused by protein-energy deficiencies. Compared to plant-based protein, animal protein offers essential amino acids in a better pattern. Nonetheless, it is a significant problem to produce enough animal proteins to feed the expanding global population of 9 billion people. Throughout the months of November and December each year, the Kagera region of Tanzania collects a large number of edible grasshoppers (Ruspolia differens) from the Muleba and Bukoba Districts. Grasshoppers processed in different methods are a rich source of nutrients such as protein (7.80-44.70%), fat (36.30-83.00%), fibre (8.70-11.20), ash (2.20-2.40%), total carbohydrates (5.30-12.10%), total energy (614-807 Kcal/100 g), Ca (35.80-55.00 mg/100 g), P (305.40-496.80 mg/100 g), Mg (33.30-56.50 mg/100 g), Fe (12.90-179.10 mg/100 g), Cu (1.60-2.30 mg/100 g), Mn (2.90-5.30 mg/100 g), Zn (8.50-18.40 mg/100 g) and Co (28.60-33.10 mg/100 g). The Kagera region's residents roast these insects and either consume them alone or in combination with other dishes like bananas. A few months after collection, grasshoppers begin to spoil due to their perishability. The shelf life of these products could be increased by at least a year with the right processing methods. In order to battle hunger and raise the community's revenue, these grasshoppers are a great source of nutrients that may be utilized to augment other crops with low nutritional value, such as bananas, cassava, rice, millets, sorghum and maize. In order to combat malnutrition, this review will examine the research on the utilization of edible insects as alternate source of protein and micronutrients. Key words: Edible grasshoppers, Malnutrition, Protein-Energy Malnutrition, Food security, Edible insects