bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RANCANGAN MODEL PENILAIAN KINERJA DENGAN METODE MANAJEMEN BERDASARKAN SASARAN (MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVE) DAN PENSKALAAN GRAFIK DI PT ACI
Authors: Linda Mora Siregar
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to design a performance appraisal model more effectively in accordance with the company's vision and mission, namely by combining management methods based on objectives (management by objective) and graph scaling methods. In the preparation of performance appraisal models with management methods based on objectives (management by objective) and graph scaling methods, carried out with several stages, namely the first stage is planning the making of performance appraisal models, the second is job analysis, third is the preparation of management methods based on objectives (management by objective), the fourth is the preparation of the scaling method and the fifth is the preparation of the performance appraisal form. The making of this performance appraisal design will use a questionnaire method, observation and also interviews to obtain and collect information and data. 

Keywords: Performance Appraisal, Management Methods, Graph Scaling.

 

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang model penilaian kinerja secara lebih efektif sesuai dengan visi dan misi perusahaan, yaitu dengan menggabungkan metode manajemen berdasarkan sasaran (management by objective) dan metode penskalaan grafik. Dalam penyusunan model penilaian kinerja dengan metode manajemen berdasarkan sasaran (management by objective) dan metode penskalaan grafik, dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu tahap pertama adalah perencanaan pembuatan model penilaian kinerja, kedua analisis jabatan, ketiga penyusunan metode manajemen berdasarkan sasaran (management by objective), keempat penyusunan metode penskalaan grafik dan kelima adalah penyusunan formulir penilaian kinerja. Pembuatan rancangan penilaian kinerja ini akan menggunakan metode kuesioner, observasi dan juga wawancara untuk mendapatkan dan mengumpulkan informasi dan data.

 

Kata Kunci: Penilaian kinerja, Metode Manajemen, Penskalaan Grafik.
Developments in sugarcane processing over the past 15 years
Authors: Rein Peter W.
Published: November 2019

Developments in the technology of production of sugar from sugarcane tend to be incremental improvements in an effort to reduce costs and boost revenue. Nonetheless the developments are significant and contribute to sustainable sugarcane enterprises. Some technologies have adapted to changing environmental conditions, and more attention is being given to boosting revenue through associated activities, particularly in enhancing the potential for sugarcane operations to exploit the energy value of sugarcane. This paper outlines recent developments of interest in processing sugarcane.
Fruchtfolgeleistungen im aktuellen Zuckerrübenanbau – Was können wir aus dem Fruchtfolgeversuch Harste nach 12 Jahren lernen?
Authors: Götze Philipp , Koch Heinz-Josef
Published: November 2019

Der im Jahr 2006 angelegte Systemversuch Fruchtfolge (FF) in Harste prüft den Einfluss unterschiedlicher Fruchtfolgen (Senf (Sf)_Zuckerrüben (ZR)-Winterweizen (WW)-WW, ZR-WW-Sf_Silomais (SM), Sf_ZR-WW-Winterraps (WR)-WW-WW-Phacelia (Ph)_Körnererbse (KE)) auf den ZR-Ertrag. Der ZR-Ertrag stieg in der Reihenfolge ZR-WW-Sf_SM, Sf_ZR-WW-WW und Sf_ZR-WW-WR-WW-WW-Ph_KE, wobei die Differenzen nicht in allen Untersuchungszeiträumen statistisch gesichert sind. Maßgeblich für den hohen ZR-Ertrag in Fruchtfolge Sf_ZR-WW-WR-WW-WW-Ph_KE sind ein hohes N-Bindungs- und Nachlieferungspotenzial sowie eine Verbesserung der Bodenfruchtbarkeit. So konnte die mineralische N-Düngemenge reduziert und die Energie- und N-Effizienz gesteigert werden. Hinsichtlich der Energie- und Flächenbilanz sowie Treibhausgasemissionen ist aber auch die Fruchtfolge ZR-WW-Sf_SM aufgrund der hohen Biomasseproduktion der Fruchtfolge Sf_ZR-WW-WW überlegen. Eine ausreichende Versorgung des Bodens mit organischer Substanz über die auf dem Feld verbleibenden Ernte- und Wurzelrückstände ist in der Fruchtfolge ZR-WW-Sf_SM nicht gewährleistet. Insgesamt zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass bei günstiger Fruchtfolgenstellung von ZR Umweltbeeinträchtigungen ohne Ertragsverluste reduziert werden können. Offene Fragen bestehen hinsichtlich der Wirtschaftlichkeit bei Betrachtung der gesamten Fruchtfolge und bezüglich der Auswirkungen der Fruchtfolgen auf die Biodiversität.
Simulation of solubility by the example of a sugar solution
Authors: Arapov Denis V. , Kuritsyn Vladimir A. , Tikhomirov Sergey G. , Denisenko Vladimir V.
Published: November 2019

A method to expand solubility equation for pure sugar solutions to a generalized solubility model has been developed. The proposed approach can be used to calculate the solubility of a substance in an impure solvent with the known equation of its solubility in a pure solvent. A generalized mathematical model of solubility of sucrose in pure and industrial solutions has been obtained. The adequacy of the model was tested on 6 samples of impure solutions, including a water-ethanol-sucrose mixture. The solubility of sucrose in ethanol for a mass concentration from 1.0 to 99.0% of ethanol in the solution is calculated.
Viröse Vergilbung in Zuckerrübe – Biologie und Befallsrisiko
Authors: Hossain Roxana , Menzel Wulf , Varrelmann Mark
Published: November 2019

Seit der Entdeckung, dass Zucker aus dem Wurzelkörper von Rüben extrahiert werden kann, ist die Zuckerrübe bis heute zur wichtigsten Zuckerpflanze der gemäßigten Breiten geworden. Die Zuckererträge werden jedoch erheblich durch Krankheiten und Schädlinge beeinflusst. Zu den wirtschaftlich relevantesten Erkrankungen zählen u. a. Viruserkrankungen, die über Bodenorganismen und sehr häufig auch von an den Blättern saugenden Insekten, wie Blattläusen und Zikaden, auf die Pflanzen übertragen werden. Die viröse Vergilbung, verursacht durch einen Komplex aus unterschiedlichen Virusspezies, wird hauptsächlich durch die Blattlausart Myzus persicae übertragen und kann zu Ertragsverlusten bis zu 50 % führen. In Deutschland treten das Beet yellows virus (BYV), das Beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV), das Beet chlorosis virus (BChV) vermehrt und das Beet mosaic virus (BtMV) seltener auf. Das Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) konnte bisher nur in den USA und Asien nachgewiesen werden. Die Symptome sind sehr variabel. Es können sich Chlorosen, Nekrosen und im Falle des BtMV mosaikartige Aufhellungen an den älteren Blättern ausprägen. Die Schwere des Befalls im Bestand unterliegt natürlichen Schwankungen der Blattlauspopulationen und hängt zudem mit dem Infektionszeitpunkt sowie klimatischen Bedingungen, vor allem in den Wintermonaten, zusammen. So bricht die Erkrankung zunächst nesterweise aus, bis sie sich im gesamten Bestand ausbreitet. Bisher ist in der Gattung Beta keine vollständige Resistenz gegenüber Vertretern des Vergilbungsvirus-Komplexes bekannt. Resistente Sorten sind also bisher nicht verfügbar. Die Vergilbungsviren konnten viele Jahre mithilfe von Saatgutbeizmitteln aus der Wirkstoffgruppe der Neonicotinoide zur Bekämpfung von Virusvektoren sehr gut kontrolliert werden. Für diese gibt es seit 2019 nun ein Einsatzverbot in Deutschland. Die einseitige Nutzung der verbliebenen Insektizide erhöht jedoch den Selektionsdruck auf die Blattlauspopulationen und wird zukünftig vermehrt zu Resistenzproblemen führen. Eine dauerhafte Kontrolle der Virusvektoren und indirekt der Virusspezies ist daher nur über Resistenzzüchtung möglich, die durch die veränderten Rahmenbedingungen bezüglich des Pflanzenschutzmittel-einsatzes im Zuckerrübenanbau zeitnah und mit entsprechender Intensivität durchgeführt werden muss.
Compositions of Planetary Debris around Dusty White Dwarfs
Authors: Xu 许偲 Siyi 艺 , Dufour Patrick , Klein Beth , Melis Carl , Monson Nathaniel N. , Zuckerman B. , Young Edward D. , Jura Michael A.
Published: November 2019

The photospheres of some white dwarfs (WDs) are “polluted” by accretion of material from their surrounding planetary debris. WDs with dust disks are often heavily polluted and high-resolution spectroscopic observations of these systems can be used to infer the chemical compositions of extrasolar planetary material. Here, we report spectroscopic observation and analysis of 19 WDs with dust disks or candidate disks. The overall abundance pattern very much resembles that of bulk Earth and we are starting to build a large enough sample to probe a wide range of planetary compositions. We found evidence for accretion of Fe-rich material onto two WDs as well as O-rich but H-poor planetary debris onto one WD. In addition, there is a spread in Mg/Ca and Si/Ca ratios and it cannot be explained by differential settling or igneous differentiation. The ratios appear to follow an evaporation sequence. In this scenario, we can constrain the mass and number of evaporating bodies surrounding polluted WDs.
Constraining the Equation of State of Neutron Stars through GRB X-Ray Plateaus
Authors: Du Shuang , Zhou Enping , Xu Renxin
Published: November 2019

The unknown equation of state (EoS) of neutron stars (NSs) is puzzling because of rich non-perturbative effects of strong interaction there. A method to constrain the EoS using the detected X-ray plateaus of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is proposed in this paper. Observations show some GRB X-ray plateaus may be powered by strongly magnetized millisecond NSs. The properties of these NSs should then satisfy: (i) the spin-down luminosity of these NSs should be brighter than the observed luminosity of the X-ray plateaus; and (ii) the total rotational energy of these NSs should be larger than the total energy of the X-ray plateaus. Through the case study of GRB 170714A, the moment of inertia of NSs is constrained as

, where P
cri is the critical rotational period that an NS can achieve. The constraint of the radii of NSs according to GRB 080607 is shown in Table 1.
Exploring the Morphology and Origins of the 4C 38.41 Jet
Authors: Algaba J. C. , Rani B. , Lee S. S. , Kino M. , Park Jongho , Kim Jae-Young
Published: November 2019

We study the properties of the innermost jet of the flat spectrum radio quasar 1633+382 (4C 38.41) based on very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data from the radio monitoring observations of the Boston University VLBI program at 43 GHz. Analysis of the components suggests a semi-parabolic jet geometry with jet radius R following the relation R ∝ r
0.7 with distance r, with indications of a jet geometry break toward a conical geometry. Brightness temperature falls with distance following T

B
 ∝ r
−2.1. Combining this information, magnetic field and electron densities are found to fall along the jet as B ∝ r
−1.5 and n ∝ r
−1.1, respectively, suggesting that the magnetic configuration in the jet may be dominated by the poloidal component. Our analysis of the jet structure suggests that the innermost jet regions do not follow a ballistic trajectory and, instead, match a sinusoidal morphology, which could be due to jet precession from a helical pattern or Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities.
Clustering of Lyα Emitters around Quasars at z ∼ 4*
Authors: García-Vergara Cristina , Hennawi Joseph F. , Barrientos L. Felipe , Battaia Fabrizio Arrigoni
Published: November 2019

The strong observed clustering of z > 3.5 quasars indicates that they are hosted by massive (

) dark matter halos. Assuming that quasars and galaxies trace the same large-scale structures, this should manifest as strong clustering of galaxies around quasars. Previous works on high-redshift quasar environments have failed to find convincing evidence for these overdensities. Here we conduct a survey for Lyα emitters (LAEs) in the environs of 17 quasars at z ∼ 4 probing scales of

. We measure an average LAE overdensity of

, which we quantify by fitting the quasar–LAE cross-correlation function. We find consistency with a power-law shape with correlation length

for a fixed slope of γ = 1.8 and rule out a zero clustering hypothesis at the 95% confidence level. We also measure the LAE autocorrelation length and find

cMpc (γ = 1.8), which is

times higher than the value measured in blank fields. Taken together, our results clearly indicate that LAEs are significantly clustered around z ∼ 4 quasars. We compare the observed clustering with the expectation from a deterministic bias model, whereby LAEs and quasars probe the same underlying dark matter overdensities, and find that our measurements fall short of the predicted overdensities by a factor of

. We discuss possible explanations for this discrepancy, including large-scale quenching or the presence of excess dust in galaxies near quasars. Finally, the large cosmic variance from field to field observed in our sample (10/17 fields are actually underdense) cautions one from overinterpreting studies of z ∼ 6 quasar environments based on a single or handful of quasar fields.
Initial Characterization of Interstellar Comet 2I/2019 Q4 (Borisov)
Authors: Jewitt David , Luu Jane
Published: November 2019

We present initial observations of the interstellar body 2I/(2019 Q4) Borisov taken to determine its nature prior to the perihelion in 2019 December. Images from the Nordic Optical Telescope show a prominent, morphologically stable dust coma and tail. The dust cross-section within 15,000 km of the nucleus averages 130 km2 (assuming geometric albedo 0.1) and increases by about 1% per day. If sustained, this rate indicates that the comet has been active for ∼100 days prior to the observations. Cometary activity thus started in 2019 June, at which time C/Borisov was at ∼4.5 au from the Sun, a typical distance for the onset of water ice sublimation in comets. The dust optical colors, B − V = 0.80 ± 0.05, V − R = 0.47 ± 0.03 and R− I = 0.49 ± 0.05, are identical to those of a sample of (solar system) long-period comets. The colors are similar to those of 1I/(2017 U1) ’Oumuamua, indicating a lack of the ultrared matter that is common in the Kuiper Belt, on both interstellar objects. The effective size of the dust particles is estimated as

 = 100 μm, based on the length of the dust tail and the 100 day lifetime. With this size, the ejected dust mass is of order 1.3 × 107 kg and the current dust mass loss rate ∼2 kg s−1. We set an upper limit to the nucleus radius using photometry at r

n
≤3.8 km (again for albedo 0.1) and we use a statistical argument to show that the nucleus must be much smaller, likely a few hundred meters in radius.
A new species of Chrysosplenium (Saxifragaceae) from Northeastern China
Authors: Kim Yong-In , Shin Jae-Seo , Lee Sangwoo , Chen Jia-Hui , Choi Sangho , Park Jin Hee , Kim Young-Dong
Published: November 2019

This study describes and illustratesChrysosplenium macrospermumY.I.Kim & Y.D.Kim, a new plant species from Changbaishan Mt. (Baekdusan Mt.) in northeastern China. The species is most similar toChrysosplenium valdepilosumin the seriesPilosabut is readily distinguishable by short arching sterile branches, multiple (up to 3) flowering stems, and smooth surfaced seeds (without tubercles), which are ca. 30–50% larger than those of other members in the series.
Financements et activités des femmes en milieu rural au Maroc
Authors: Moisseron Jean-Yves , Ben El Ahmar Mustapha , Romagny Bruno , Alary Véronique , Aderghal Mohammed , Tebbaa Ouidad
Published: November 2019

Cet article vise à évaluer la contribution matérielle et immatérielle des femmes rurales dans le cadre de la petite agriculture des arrière-pays du Maroc et notamment les contraintes qu’elles rencontrent pour dépasser les difficultés d’accès aux principaux facteurs de production dont le foncier, l’eau, le crédit et le conseil technique. L’activité des femmes rurales est généralement invisible, c’est-à-dire peu reconnue ou valorisée au sein de la société, ce qui conduit à une sous-estimation de leurs contributions à l’économie et à la société. Cela tient en grande partie à leur relative exclusion de la sphère monétaire et marchande.
A Learning Activity for RN-to-BSN Students: The Nurse’s Role in Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: Young Cathy , Jackson Elaine
Published: November 2019

A Learning Activity for RN-to-BSN Students: The Nurse’s Role in Child Sexual Abuse

Creating learning experiences for students and faculty that respond to the needs of the community in which the learning occurs is important and can be rewarding. By considering the needs of one medically underserved population in need of nursing, a multifocused learning experience evolved. [more...]
The Effect of Nicotine on Macular Microcirculation in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Cınar Esat , Yuce Berna , Zengin Mehmet Ozgur , Kucukerdonmez Cem
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the acute effects of nicotine on macular microvasculature by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Non-smokers who were administered 4 mg nicotine gum (study group) or placebo gum (control group) were enrolled, 18 individuals in each group. All participants underwent OCTA at baseline and 1 hour after gum chewing. Macular flow area, macular vessel density, foveal avascular zone area, central foveal thickness, and subfoveal choroidal thickness were analyzed.

RESULTS:

Macular flow area, vessel density, and subfoveal choroidal thickness decreased in the nicotine group (
P
< .05). No statistically significant difference observed in central foveal thickness, when compared with baseline measurement (
P
> .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Nicotine causes a significant decrease in macular microcirculation. Deterioration of macular microcirculation can be quantitatively detected by OCTA noninvasively.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:691–700.]
Correlation of OCTA and Volumetric MRI in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yoon Stephen P. , Thompson Atalie C. , Polascik Bryce W. , Calixte Christopher , Burke James R. , Petrella Jeffrey R. , Grewal Dilraj S. , Fekrat Sharon
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUD AND OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the relationship between retinal microvascular parameters on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and neurodegenerative changes assessed by measurement of brain volume on volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Sixteen subjects with AD and MCI underwent OCTA imaging (3 mm × 3 mm and 6 mm × 6 mm scans) and volumetric brain MRI imaging with automated volumetric segmentation and quantification. Spearman's correlation (ρ) was performed between forebrain parenchyma, cortical gray matter, inferolateral ventricle (ILV), lateral ventricle (LV), and hippocampus (HP) MRI volumes and vessel density (VD), along with perfusion density (PD) for the 6-mm circle, 6-mm ring, 3-mm circle, and 3-mm ring Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study regions of the superficial capillary plexus.

RESULTS:

Thirty eyes of 16 patients (seven MCI and nine AD) with good-quality OCTA images were analyzed. ILV volume inversely correlated with the VD in the 6-mm circle (ρ = −0 .565,
P
= .028) and 3-mm ring (ρ = −0.569,
P
= .027) and PD in the 3-mm ring (ρ = −0.605,
P
= .0169). Forebrain, cortical gray matter, LV, and HP volumes did not significantly correlate with either VD or PD (
P
> .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

In this pilot investigation, the authors found a significant correlation between reduction in the superficial capillary plexus VD and PD on OCTA and expansion of the ILV in MCI and AD. This relationship between the retinal microvasculature and cerebral volumetric changes deserves further investigation.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:709–718.]
Spontaneous Resolution of Subretinal Fluid Secondary to Retinal Astrocytic Hamartoma in Tuberous Sclerosis:A Case Report
Authors: Amphornphruet Atchara , Chotcomwongse Peranut , Yimrattananuwat Kumphol , Ferrone Philip
Published: November 2019

Retinal astrocytic hamartoma is the most common ocular manifestation in tuberous sclerosis. Although astrocytic hamartomas are usually benign and stationary, there are occasionally circumstances when they are considered to be active. In this study, the authors report a case of self-limited visual impairment due to astrocytic hamartomas.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2019;50:737–739.]
Revisión de la edad del Grupo de Asha en los Urales meridionales
Authors: Kolesnikov A. V. , Bobkov N. I.
Published: November 2019

El Grupo de Asha de los Urales meridionales, inicialmente definido por Albert Olli como complejo sedimentario paleozoico, hace más de medio siglo, fue considerado como una sección clave para el Véndico (Ediacárico) de la vertiente occidental de los Urales meridionales. Sin embargo, secuencia sedimentaria terrígena de unos 1.700 m de espesor se caracteriza por una biodiversidad inusualmente baja de macrofósiles ediacaranos, lo que podría explicarse por la edad relativamente temprana del grupo y el posible evento de extinción masiva que marca el final del período Ediacárico. La edad relativamente temprana fue confirmada por la datación de 547.6±3.8 Ma obtenida de una toba en la parte inferior de la Formación de Basa, así como por el hallazgo de la iconospecie Didymaulichnus tirasensis en la parte superior de la Formación de Zigan. Sin embargo, en 2018 se ha documentó la aparición masiva de D. tirasensis en la parte más baja de la Formación de Basa. Por lo tanto, la edad Véndico (Ediacárico) del Grupo de Asha de los Urales meridionales puede ser reconsiderada en favor del Ediacárico terminal-Cámbrico o incluso del Cambrian temprano.
Aspidella: un fósil de cuerpo blando ediacárico de la Arenisca de Jodhpur (Supergrupo de Marwar), área de Sursagar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan occidental, India
Authors: Parihar V. S. , Ram H. , Nama S. L. , Mathur S. C.
Published: November 2019

Se describen en este trabajo los restos bien conservados de Aspidella, fósiles de cuerpo blando ediacáricos de la Arenisca de Jodhpur (Supergrupo de Marwar) el área de Sursagar, Jodhpur, al oeste de Rajasthan, India. Éstos muestran características morfológicas características descritas anteriormente en otros famosos yacimientos fósiles ediacáricos, como los de la Formación de Fermuse (Terranova), Australia meridional y el Mar Blanco de Rusia.
Information Science in Technical Education Process in Czech Republic
Authors: Serafin Cestmir
Published: November 2019

Information and Communication Technologies are one of the basic educa-tions of areas in the Framework Educational Programme for Basic Education to enable students to acquire a basic level of information literacy. The aim is to equip students with elementary skills in operating of computer equipment and modern information and communication technologies, but also to navi-gate in the world of information, creatively work with information and use them in further education and in practical life.
The paper deals with the analysis of the situation and draws conclusions on the system of education in the Czech Republic in the context of the chal-lenges of INDUSTRY 4.0 in response to the capture, the robotics industry and services.
The Effects of Using Open Educational Resources on Minority Achievement in Undergraduate Mathematics
Authors: Davis Josephine Dunbar , Cartwright Samuel Bradley
Published: November 2019

Prominent in the public debate on college affordability is the rising cost of textbooks. Owing to limited finances or mounting college debt, many students fail to purchase required course textbooks. Among the perils students without textbooks face are delayed course enrollment, high failure or dropout rates, and extended time to graduation. At Fort Valley State University, an Historically Black University within the University System of Georgia, the mathematics faculty first observed increasing numbers of college algebra students without textbooks, then, similarly, with upper division students. As a cost-savings measure, the faculty redesigned eight courses using open educational resources (OER). This chapter highlights the four-year results of faculty and students' OER course experiences. OER students have better grades, lower failure rates, and better attendance records than those using traditional textbooks. The attitude of OER students towards mathematics also improved. A total cost savings of $197,780 was realized with an average, per student savings of $198.
A Survey on Recent Learning Approaches in School Education Using Edmodo
Authors: Tsetsos Stavros , Prentzas Jim
Published: November 2019

Edmodo is a platform combining social networking and learning. It provides functionality addressed to tutors, students, and parents of young students. It attempts to exploit the popularity of social networking and tailor it to the needs of education. Access to Edmodo functionality is freely available. Open educational resources involving various subjects and different languages are available within Edmodo. Edmodo users may search for and retrieve such resources. Many learning approaches using Edmodo have been implemented in school education. The results are positive in various aspects. This chapter surveys approaches using Edmodo in school education. The survey focuses on the most recent approaches. The research results are analyzed. An important result that has been derived from several approaches is the improvement in learning. The surveyed approaches generally demonstrate the usefulness of Edmodo in school education. Furthermore, social learning platforms may be used to disseminate open educational resources and integrate them in school education practices.
Open Educational Resources and Student Engagement
Authors: Lewkowicz Michael A. , Gedamu Yohannes , Budryte Dovile , Boykin Scott A.
Published: November 2019

Innovative technologies are playing critical roles in higher education teaching, especially in promoting student engagement. In particular, open education resources (OERs) have increasingly shaped teaching practices in a variety of disciplines, including political science. The goal of this chapter is to explore the use of OER materials, combined with in-class activities, in introductory political science classes. The authors begin this chapter with an overview of OER materials, including an online textbook and a database of activities collected by the team. From there, the chapter presents several activities that address voter participation, freedom of speech, and tensions between states' rights and federal authority. The chapter concludes with a discussion of assessment results that measure student performance and attitudes towards OER resources and classroom activities.
SOA Governance in Healthcare
Authors: Koumaditis Konstantinos , Themistocleous Marinos
Published: November 2019

This chapter depicts the gradual development of a conceptual SOA Governance Framework tailored for healthcare organisations. The proposed framework presented herein is based on the authors' previous research and includes nine SOA Governance elements that need to be considered during the SOA process. The identification and conceptualisation of the elements were grounded in the normative literature and further developed to include healthcare specific aspects. This comes as a method to overcome the limitations identified in normative literature and enhance the elements' conceptualisation. Besides, the authors propose a unique design combining nine elements of SOA Governance with SOA Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and Healthcare Information Systems (HIS) challenges. This proposal aims to pinpoint attributes and guidelines for each element, required to successfully govern SOA and tackle longstanding HIS challenges. The framework is intended to be used as a decision supporting tool for SOA Governance in a healthcare setting.
Semantic Health Mediation and Access Control Manager for Interoperability Among Healthcare Systems
Authors: Alamri Abdullah
Published: November 2019

Healthcare systems have evolved to become more patient-centric. Many efforts have been made to transform paper-based patient data to automated medical information by developing electronic healthcare records (EHRs). Several international EHRs standards have been enabling healthcare interoperability and communication among a wide variety of medical centres. It is a dual-model methodology which comprises a reference information model and an archetype model. The archetype is responsible for the definition of clinical concepts which has limitations in terms of supporting complex reasoning and knowledge discovery requirements. The objective of this article is to propose a semantic-mediation architecture to support semantic interoperability among healthcare organizations. It provides an intermediate semantic layer to exploit clinical information based on richer ontological representations to create a “model of meaning” for enabling semantic mediation. The proposed model also provides secure mechanisms to allow interoperable sharing of patient data between healthcare organizations.
Constructing a Bioinformatics Platform with Web and Mobile Services Based on NVIDIA Jetson TK1
Authors: Lin Chun-Yuan , Ye Jin , Hung Che-Lun , Wang Chung-Hung , Su Min , Tan Jianjun
Published: November 2019

Current high-end graphics processing units (abbreviate to GPUs), such as NVIDIA Tesla, Fermi, Kepler series cards which contain up to thousand cores per-chip, are widely used in the high performance computing fields. These GPU cards (called desktop GPUs) should be installed in personal computers/servers with desktop CPUs; moreover, the cost and power consumption of constructing a high performance computing platform with these desktop CPUs and GPUs are high. NVIDIA releases Tegra K1, called Jetson TK1, which contains 4 ARM Cortex-A15 CPUs and 192 CUDA cores (Kepler GPU) and is an embedded board with low cost, low power consumption and high applicability advantages for embedded applications. NVIDIA Jetson TK1 becomes a new research direction. Hence, in this paper, a bioinformatics platform was constructed based on NVIDIA Jetson TK1. ClustalWtk and MCCtk tools for sequence alignment and compound comparison were designed on this platform, respectively. Moreover, the web and mobile services for these two tools with user friendly interfaces also were provided. The experimental results showed that the cost-performance ratio by NVIDIA Jetson TK1 is higher than that by Intel XEON E5-2650 CPU and NVIDIA Tesla K20m GPU card.
Hybrid Ensemble Learning Methods for Classification of Microarray Data
Authors: Dash Sujata
Published: November 2019

Efficient classification and feature extraction techniques pave an effective way for diagnosing cancers from microarray datasets. It has been observed that the conventional classification techniques have major limitations in discriminating the genes accurately. However, such kind of problems can be addressed by an ensemble technique to a great extent. In this paper, a hybrid RotBagg ensemble framework has been proposed to address the problem specified above. This technique is an integration of Rotation Forest and Bagging ensemble which in turn preserves the basic characteristics of ensemble architecture i.e., diversity and accuracy. Three different feature selection techniques are employed to select subsets of genes to improve the effectiveness and generalization of the RotBagg ensemble. The efficiency is validated through five microarray datasets and also compared with the results of base learners. The experimental results show that the correlation based FRFR with PCA-based RotBagg ensemble form a highly efficient classification model.
Fall Detection Depth-Based Using Tilt Angle and Shape Deformation
Authors: Merrouche Fairouz , Baha Nadia
Published: November 2019

The population of elderly people is in growth. Falls risk their life, to disabilities, and to fears. Automatic fall detection systems provide them secure living; helping them to be independent at home. Computer vision offers efficient systems over many developed systems. In this article, the authors propose a new vision-based fall detection using depth camera. It combines human shape analysis, centroid detection and motion where it exploits the 3D information provided by a Kinect to compute the tilt angle to discriminate falls. Experimental tests were done with SDUFall dataset that contains 20 subjects performing five daily activities and falls, demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed system, and show that our method is promising achieving satisfactory results up to 84.66%.
A Study on Lifetime Enhancement and Reliability in Wearable Wireless Body Area Networks
Authors: Vasanthamani Saranya
Published: November 2019

The wireless body area network (WBAN) which consists of wearable or implantable sensor nodes, is a technology that enables pervasive observing and delivery of health related information and services. The radio-enabled implantable medical devices offer a revolutionary set of applications among which we can point to precision drug distribution, smart endoscope capsules, glucose level observers and eye pressure detecting systems. Devices with WBAN are generally battery powered due to sensitivity and criticality of the data carried and handled by WBAN, reliability becomes a critical issues. WBAN loads a high degree of reliability as it openly affects the quality of patient observing. Undetected life-threatening circumstances can lead to death. A main requirement is that the health care professionals receive the monitored data correctly in emergency situations. The major objective is to achieve a reliable network with minimum delay and maximum throughput while considering power consumption by reducing unnecessary communication.
Pluralistic Tendencies in Healing Abantu Illness in the Contemporary South Africa
Authors: Ngqila Kholekile Hazel
Published: November 2019

Ukuhanjwa illness was used as an example to understanding abantu illnesses. With attributional theory ukuhanjwa illness is attributed to spiritual and social causes rather than biomedical causes, whereby causal link is socially constructed between ukuhanjwa illness and entry into the body by familiars. Issues explored included conceptualisation of ukuhanjwa illness. The focus of the chapter is on the reasons for continued pluralistic tendencies in healing regardless of the expectation by the West that people should be focusing on the use of the fast evolving biomedical healing methods. The ethnographic study took place among the Southern Nguni people of OR Tambo District Municipality (ORTDM) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Data was collected using qualitative and ethnographic research methods amongst a sample group of 50 participants. The sample was composed of traditional healers, mothers of children who have experienced ukuhanjwa illness, elderly people (male and female), biomedical practitioners and nurses.
An Optimized Graph-Based Metagenomic Gene Classification Approach
Authors: Kamal Md Sarwar , Khan Mohammad Ibrahim , Dev Kaushik , Chowdhury Linkon , Dey Nilanjan
Published: November 2019

Biological interaction mainly depends on the interactions of various genes and genomes. To identify actual meaning of interactions we have to find out the facts and reasons for these interactions. Gene analysis allows to verify such environment. Gene annotation means to identify the exon regions in metagenomic samples. The de Bruijn graph plays significant role in gene prediction and next generation sequencing (NGS). Apart from that, Eular Path of de Bruijn graph introduced generalized gene annotation for translational and splicing signals, exon introns separation and coding regions. set of graph reduction rules have used to build a de Bruijn graph. Accurate solution for large scale sequencing, trims space complexity and generates optimal gene annotation have tested.
Towards User Authentication Requirements for Mobile Computing
Authors: Sánchez Yaira K. Rivera , Demurjian Steven A.
Published: November 2019

The emergence and ubiquity of mobile computing has placed powerful capabilities in one's hand providing a wide range of applications such as email, calendar, photos, browsers, social network, communication, shopping, health and fitness, games etc., which were once restricted to traditional platforms. Such applications on a single mobile device raise critical security issues related to managing identity, re-authenticating users that stay active for long periods of time, protecting sensitive PII and PHI against access and misuse, insuring secure transactions, and protecting the physical device. This chapter explores user authentication requirements for mobile computing by: evaluating alternative user authentication requirements in order to make recommendations on their usage in authentication; identifying authentication methods used in mobile healthcare applications; and proposing a set of requirements for user authentication to handle the situation when a user seeks to be securely authenticated across a set of applications that are placed into context within a framework.
HIPAA Security and Privacy Rules Auditing in Extreme Programming Environments
Authors: Alsaadi Mahmood , Qasaimeh Malik , Tedmori Sara , Almakadmeh Khaled
Published: November 2019

Healthcare business is responsible of keeping patient data safe and secure by following the rules of the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, (HIPAA). Agile software organizations that deal with healthcare software system face a number of challenges to demonstrate that their process activities conform to the rules of HIPAA. Such organizations must establish a software process life cycle and develop procedures, tools, and methodologies that can manage the HIPAA requirements during the different stages of system development, and also must provide evidences of HIPAA conformity. This paper proposes an auditing model for HIPAA security and privacy rules in XP environments. The design of the proposed model is based on an evaluation theory which takes as its input the work of Lopez ATAM, and the standards of common criteria (CC) concepts. The proposed auditing model has been assessed based on four case studies. The auditing result shows that the proposed model is capable of capturing the auditing evidences in most of the selected case studies.
Electronic Medical Record Implementation Challenges for the National Health System in Greece
Authors: Katehakis Dimitrios G.
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this work is to expose challenges related to the implementation of quality electronic medical record (EMR) systems in public hospitals in Greece, a country where the national health system (NHS) has already acquired electronic medical records (EMRs). The level of EMR implementation, together with organizational maturity at a hospital level, are explored. What is discovered is that there are different adoption levels, not recorded in a systematic manner. The majority of physicians are either reluctant to implement EMRs or do not know options available to them. Implications include not continuous flow of events, cut off of critical information, lower quality of health services, patients not empowered to carry with them clinically significant information, unnecessary repetition of medical procedures and higher costs. It is concluded that focus should be paid on enabling the use of quality, interoperable and secure EMRs to better support medical decision, in an effort to improve the health of the population and to better control costs.
Ethics of Electronic Health Record Systems
Authors: Galli Brian J.
Published: November 2019

This article describes how healthcare and IT are combatting the ethical implications of electronic health records (EHRs) in order to make them adopted by over 90% of small practices. There is a lack of trust in EHRs and uneasiness about what they will accomplish. Furthermore, security concerns have become more prevalent as a result of increased hacker activity. The objective of this article is to analyze these ethical issues in an effort to eliminate them as a hinderance to EHR implementation. As of now, 98% of all hospitals use EHRs. Between 2009 and 2015, the government allocated money and resources for incentive programs to get EHRs into every healthcare providers' office. During this time period, over $800 million dollars facilitated EHR implementation. Using this as a tool EHRs negative perception can be revitalized and combated with the meaningful use program. This article will highlight the ethical implications of EHRs and suggest ways in which to avoid them to make EHRs available in every healthcare provider.
Patient Data De-Identification
Authors: Yadav Shweta , Ekbal Asif , Saha Sriparna , Pathak Parth S , Bhattacharyya Pushpak
Published: November 2019

With the rapid increment in the clinical text, de-identification of patient Protected Health Information (PHI) has drawn significant attention in recent past. This aims for automatic identification and removal of the patient Protected Health Information from medical records. This paper proposes a supervised machine learning technique for solving the problem of patient data de- identification. In the current paper, we provide an insight into the de-identification task, its major challenges, techniques to address challenges, detailed analysis of the results and direction of future improvement. We extract several features by studying the properties of the datasets and the domain. We build our model based on the 2014 i2b2 (Informatics for Integrating Biology to the Bedside) de-identification challenge. Experiments show that the proposed system is highly accurate in de-identification of the medical records. The system achieves the final recall, precision and F-score of 95.69%, 99.31%, and 97.46%, respectively.
Online Social Exergames for Seniors
Authors: Konstantinidis Stathis Th. , Brox Ellen , Kummervold Per Egil , Hallberg Josef , Evertsen Gunn , Hirche Johannes
Published: November 2019

The population is getting older, and the resources for care will be even more limited in the future than they are now. There is thus an aim for the society that the seniors can manage themselves as long as possible, while at the same time keeping a high quality of life. Physical activity is important to stay fit, and social contact is important for the quality of life. The aim of this chapter is to provide a state-of-the-art of online social exergames for seniors, providing glimpses of senior users' opinions and games limitations. The importance of the motivational techniques is emphasized, as well as the impact that the exergames have to seniors. It contributes to the book objectives focusing on current state and practice in health games for physical training and rehabilitation and the use of gamification, exploring future opportunities and uses of gamification in eHealth and discussing the respective challenges and limitations.
Information Security Standards in Healthcare Activities
Authors: Gaivéo José
Published: November 2019

Information is mandatory in healthcare activities and in all that are related to it. In this same sense, people that deal with those information requires attention because patient´s information could be exposed. The use of directions stated by information security standards might allow a proactive attitude in the face of the diversity of threats that as the potential to explore the vulnerabilities of organizational assets. This article intends to recognize information threats and vulnerabilities that could be explored, using information security international standards to support the activities needed to assume information safeguard. Another intention is the establishment of a basis of references in information security to define a level of risk classification to build a referential to the potential that a given threat has to exploit the vulnerabilities of informational assets, preventing damages to personal and organizational property, and also activity continuity, assuming information as the main resource.
Bidirectional Spreading Activation Method for Finding Human Diseases Relatedness Using Well-Formed Disease Ontology
Authors: Fathalla Said , Kannot Yaman M. Khalid
Published: November 2019

The successful application of semantic web in medical informatics and the fast expanding of biomedical knowledge have prompted to the requirement for a standardized representation of knowledge and an efficient algorithm for querying this extensive information. Spreading activation algorithm is suitable to work on incomplete and large datasets. This article presents a method called SAOO (Spreading Activation over Ontology) which identifies the relatedness between two human diseases by applying spreading activation algorithm based on bidirectional search technique over large disease ontology. The proposed methodology is divided into two phases: Semantic matching and Disease relatedness detection. In Semantic Matching, semantically identify diseases in user's query in the ontology. In the Disease Relatedness Detection, URIs of the diseases are passed to the relatedness detector which returns the set of diseases that may connect them. The proposed method improves the non-semantic medical systems by considering semantic domain knowledge to infer diseases relatedness.
An Investigation Into the Efficacy of Deep Learning Tools for Big Data Analysis in Health Care
Authors: Priyadarshini Rojalina , Barik Rabindra K. , Panigrahi Chhabi , Dubey Harishchandra , Mishra Brojo Kishore
Published: November 2019

This article describes how machine learning (ML) algorithms are very useful for analysis of data and finding some meaningful information out of them, which could be used in various other applications. In the last few years, an explosive growth has been seen in the dimension and structure of data. There are several difficulties faced by conventional ML algorithms while dealing with such highly voluminous and unstructured big data. The modern ML tools are designed and used to deal with all sorts of complexities of data. Deep learning (DL) is one of the modern ML tools which are commonly used to find the hidden structure and cohesion among these large data sets by giving proper training in parallel platforms with intelligent optimization techniques to further analyze and interpret the data for future prediction and classification. This article focuses on the use of DL tools and software which are used in past couple of years in various areas and especially in the area of healthcare applications.
What Can College Teachers Learn From Students' Experiential Narratives in Hybrid Courses?
Authors: Yang Kenneth C. C. , Kang Yowei
Published: November 2019

Thanks to the rapid development of asynchronous and synchronous instructional technologies (such as Blackboard and Moodle), many college instructors have flipped their classrooms to create a more student-centered learning environment. The emphasis on cultivating students' life-long learning abilities through the enhancement of information literacy or technology-enabled learning has transformed the pedagogical approaches used by many college instructors. This text mining study was based on a corpus of a three-year experiential narrative collected by the instructor from over 15 college-level courses to identify keywords, main topics/themes, and associations of these topical concepts in students' experiential narratives during and after taking these hybrid classes. QDA Miner text mining software was used to analyze these experiential narratives. Results, implications, and limitations were presented.
Students of Color and Anecdotal Pedagogy
Authors: Mootoo Alexis Nicole
Published: November 2019

Research demonstrates that students of color have greater access to the academy than ever before. Measuring the academic success of these students has become a national priority since social justice and equality scholars have brought attention to disparities experienced by students of color in the academy. Depending on the institution, success is measured by student retention and graduation rates along with climate surveys. Findings clearly illuminate the reality that students of color are not retained and do not graduate at the same rates as white students. Climate surveys highlight how students of color consistently experience various forms of discrimination from administrative staff and faculty alike. Yet, the perception persists that students of color are successfully navigating institutions of higher education at the same levels as their white counterparts. The question begs to be asked: How are students of color successful in the realm of higher education in the twenty first century?