bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El grabado de La pícara Justina como parodia de la Filosofía cortesana moralizada / The Engraving of La pícara Justina as a Parody of the Filosofía cortesana moralizada
Authors: Rodríguez Mansilla Fernando
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT: The engraving in the cover of La pícara Justina has been traditionally interpreted as a synthesis of the picaresque genre. This article explores the aforementioned engraving, commonly known as La nave de la vida picaresca, not as a reflection of the picaresque literary conventions, but through the perspective of the parody, which is an essential element of López de Úbeda’s work. The engraving would be dialoguing, comically, with the board game of the Filosofía cortesana moralizada (1587) by Alonso de Barros. This analysis of parodic elements present in Justina’s engraving allows to reflect about the genesis of the novel, as well as its relationship with courtly manuals and contemporary authors, like Cervantes and Mateo Alemán.
KEYWORDS:
Pícara Justina; Filosofía cortesana moralizada; Board game; Picaresque novel; Parody.
RESUMEN: Tradicionalmente, el frontispicio de la primera edición de La pícara Justina (1605) ha sido interpretado como una síntesis del género picaresco. Este trabajo explora el grabado, conocido como La nave de la vida picaresca, no como reflejo de las convenciones de la novela picaresca, sino desde la perspectiva de la parodia, rasgo esencial de la obra, pero que no se ha considerado lo suficiente. El frontispicio dialogaría, cómicamente, con el tablero de la Filosofía cortesana moralizada (1587) de Alonso de Barros. Este análisis de elementos posiblemente parodiados permite reflexionar sobre la génesis de la novela y su relación con los manuales cortesanos y narradores como Cervantes y Mateo Alemán.
García Mahíques, Rafael (dir.) [2019]. Los tipos iconográficos de la tradición cristiana V. Los Demonios I. El Diablo y la acción maléfica
Authors: Mocholí Martínez María Elvira
Published: January 2020

Recensión de libro:
GARCÍA MAHÍQUES, Rafael (dir.) [2019]. Los tipos iconográficos de la tradición cristiana V. Los Demonios I. El Diablo y la acción maléfica, Madrid, Ediciones Encuentro, 538 pp.
Estudo clínico-epidemiológico de 41 casos de pitiose equina ocorridos na região Norte Fluminense do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Viana Inácio Silva , Gobbi Francielli Pereira , Meireles Marcos Aurélio Dias , Lemos Gabriela Bravim , Di Filippo Paula Alessandra
Published: January 2020

Foram revisados os dados de quarenta e um casos de pitiose atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, nos anos de 2012 a 2018. Os animais eram provenientes dos municípios de Campos dos Goytacazes (31/41; 75,6%), São João da Barra (07/41; 17,0%), São Francisco do Itabapoana (02/41; 4,8%) e São Fidélis (1/41; 2,4%). Vinte animais (48,7%) não possuíam raça definida, onze (26,8%) eram Mangalarga Marchador, oito (19,5%) Quarto de Milha, um (2,4%) Paint Horse e um Apalusa (2,4%), sendo as fêmeas mais acometidas (24/41; 58,5%). A maioria dos casos ocorreu durante ou após períodos chuvosos e se concentraram nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro. Dentre dos animais acometidos, trinta e sete sobreviveram e quatro foram submetidos à eutanásia. O tempo médio entre a ocorrência da lesão e o atendimento hospitalar variou de quatro dias a oito meses. O longo período necessário para tratamento associado ao seu alto custo foi apontado pelos proprietários como o principal fator limitante (26/41; 63,4%). Conclui-se que o sucesso no tratamento pode ser alcançado de diferentes protocolos farmacológicos associados ou não a ressecção cirúrgica, no entanto, o diagnóstico precoce, o tempo de desenvolvimento da doença e a extensão e local de acometimento, influenciam no índice de recuperação dos animais.
Anatomia descritiva do membro torácico do coelho (Oryctolagus cuniculus): revisão bibliográfica e atualização anatômica
Authors: Da Silva Kassy Gomes , Tasqueti Ubirajara Iobe , Sotomaior Cristina Santos
Published: January 2020

O coelho doméstico (Oryctolagus cuniculus) é um mamífero herbívoro com importância na produção de carne, como animal de estimação e como modelo experimental. Conhecer a anatomia da espécie, com suas particularidades, é essencial para quem trabalha com ela. No entanto, o material bibliográfico disponível pode ser antigo ou de difícil acesso pelo estudante ou profissional. Atualmente, com a evolução dos métodos de imagem diagnóstica, as estruturas anatômicas estudadas podem ser observadas com maior detalhamento. Dessa forma, esta revisão de literatura buscou disponibilizar informações sobre a osteologia, miologia, vascularização e inervação do membro torácico do coelho, com atualização da nomenclatura com a Nômina Anatômica Veterinária de 2017.
ANALOGIJE U UDŽBENICIMA FIZIKE ZA OSNOVNU ŠKOLU U REPUBLICI SRPSKOJ
Authors: Pavlović Zlatko
Published: January 2020

U radu su prikazani rezulatati analizeudžbenika fizike koji se koriste u osnovnimškolama u Republici Srpskoj.Analizom su identifikovane analogije imetafore korištene u tim udžbenicima,pa je izvršena njihova klasifikacija prematipu kojem pripadaju. Rezultati suupoređeni sa rezultatima nekih sličnihistraživanja, a pokazuju da se broj primijenjenihanalogija kreće u granicamadobijenim u sličnim istraživanjima,da verbalne analogije dominiraju nadslikovnim ili kombinovanim, te da se uudžbenicima za starije razred povećavai broj analogija i njihova složenost.
The preferable ways of decision-making in IT teams
Authors: Krawczyk-Bryłka Beata , Krawczyk Henryk
Published: January 2020

Software development team collaboration requires various decisions regarding essential aspects of a project’s progress. General and particular decision-making models are considered, and their main aspects such as team types, problem solving categories, and decision-making ways are analysed. The research concerns representative groups of IT specialists and their preferences in decision-making are investigated. Four possible cases were tested: hierarchical choice (by leader) team members' choice (team consensus or voting) and external expert impact. It allows one to show some differences in behaviors of traditional and virtual teams.
Effect of Calcitonin on Healing Duration, Function and Pain Relief in Patients with Maxillofacial Fractures. A pilot study
Authors: Yazdani Javad , Ahmadpour Farzin
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Calcitonin is a polypeptide hormone regulating the metabolism calcium in the body. Many studies showed that calcitonin had analgesic effect on several painful circumstances. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intranasal calcitonin during the immediate postoperative period on postoperative pain in patients undergoing maxillofacial fracture surgery. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial which was conducted in April 2019 in Imam Reza Hospital of Tabriz, 16 patients with maxillofacial fracture were divided randomly into two groups. The intervention group was given 200UI of intranasal calcitonin and the control group received nasal spray of NaCl. The severity of pain was then evaluated daily for up to seven days after the operation, with the severity of: no pain (0) to the most severe pain (10) using visual analog scale for pain. The daily dose of analgesic was also measured. The patients were allowed to request 250 mg of injectable acetaminophen each day up to a maximum daily dose of 4 g (maximum permissible dose) in the event of pain. Results: The results show that the pain intensity between two groups was not significantly different. However in the seventh day the total acetaminophen consumption was significantly lower in the intervention group. Conclusion: calcitonin may be a useful medication to help to control the post operative pain by reducing the required dose of routine painkillers.
LINC00844 promotes proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating NDRG1 expression
Authors: Zhou Wei , Huang Kang , Zhang Qiuyan , Ye Shaojun , Zhong Zibiao , Zeng Cheng , Peng Guizhu , Li Ling , Ye Qifa
Published: January 2020

Background

Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of human malignancies. LINC00844 expression is dramatically downregulated in prostate cancer, and functional studies have revealed the association between the aberrant expression of LINC00844 and prostate cancer cell invasion and metastasis. However, the function and mechanism of action of LINC00844 in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are poorly understood.

Methods

LINC00844 and N-Myc downstream-regulated 1 (NDRG1) expression in HCC tissues and cell lines was detected with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. Correlations between LINC00844 expression level and clinicopathological features were investigated using the original data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. HepG2 and HCCLM9 cell lines were transfected with Lv-LIN00844 virus to obtain LINC00844-overexpressing cell lines. Cell proliferation and cell invasion and migration were examined with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell assay, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation between LINC00844 and NDRG1 expression was analysed using Pearson’s correlation analysis.

Results

LINC00844 expression was significantly downregulatedin HCC tissues and cell lines, and a statistical correlation was detected between low LINC00844 expression and sex (Female), advanced American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (III + IV), histological grade (G3 + G4), and vascular invasion (Micro and Macro). In vitro experiments showed that LINC00844 overexpression significantly repressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. NDRG1 expression was higher in HCC tissues and LINC00844 could partly inhibit the expression of NDRG1.
Genetic Diversity of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using the Multivariate Analysis in Normal Irrigation and Drought Stress Conditions
Authors: Kumar Singh Satish , Kumar Singh Akhilesh , Kumar Singh Mithilesh , Jaiswal Priyanka , Tigga Aman , Kumar Avinash , . Banshidhar
Published: January 2020

The present investigation was carried out in the fields located at wheat breeding section, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur and Bihar. The experimental materials of the study comprised of 39 diverse bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. The genotypes were grown under two environments viz., drought stress (rainfed) and irrigated (well-watered). The experiment in each environment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Five plants were selected randomly from each plot for recording observations on traits viz., days to fifty per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, spike length, flag leaf area, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll content, canopy temperature, number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, harvest index and grain yield per plant. Germination percentage and seed vigour index (SVI) were recorded in laboratory condition. The 39 genotypes of bread wheat were grouped into seven clusters using Tocher method in both drought stress and irrigated conditions. The genotypes in cluster III and cluster VI, due to maximum inter-cluster distance between them, exhibited a high degree of genetic diversity and thus may be utilized under inter varietal hybridization programme (transgressive breeding) for getting high yielding recombinants in drought stress condition. Similar inter varietal crosses may be attempted between genotypes in cluster III and IV and cluster III and V in a drought environment. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster IV and VI followed by cluster III and IV and cluster VI and VII in irrigated condition indicating the chances of getting high yielding recombinants would be better if the crosses are made among the genotypes of these groups. Cluster VI was suitable for grain yield, number of tillers per plant, number of grains per spike, harvest index and chlorophyll content in both environment (drought and irrigated). Therefore, the selection of parents from this cluster for these traits would be effective. Under stress, the genotypes viz., GW 2007-80, WR 1872, NAIW-1607, NAIW-1342 and WR 1743 were found promising as indicated by low drought susceptibility index.
Outreach to Promote Management of Cardiovascular Risk in Primary Care Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Seen in Rheumatology Practice
Authors: Persell Stephen D. , Lee Ji Young , Lipiszko Dawid , Peprah Yaw A. , Ruderman Eric M. , Schachter Michael , Majka Darcy S.
Published: January 2020

Objective

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) confers a 1.5‐ to 2.0‐fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A prior multifaceted quality improvement approach to improving CVD preventive care increased CVD risk factor assessments, but there was no significant effect on the management of risk factors. We tested the impact of adding a proactive outreach strategy promoting primary care treatment of CVD risk factors among patients with RA through their rheumatology practice.

Methods

Through electronic health record searches, we identified patients with RA who were potential candidates for hypertension treatment initiation or intensification, statin therapy, or a smoking‐cessation intervention. A nonclinician care manager contacted patients by phone and mail on behalf of the rheumatologists, provided information about the identified risk factor(s), recommend follow‐up with primary care physicians (PCPs), sent correspondence to PCPs, and followed up with patients to see what actions had been taken. We measured preventive cardiology quality indicators and compared preintervention and intervention time periods using interrupted time series methods.

Results

During the 6‐month intervention period, the proportion of patients prescribed at least moderate‐intensity statin treatment for primary prevention rose from 18.4% to 23.8%. The rate of increase was 1.06% greater per month than during the preceding period (P < 0.001). Rates of increase in hypertension diagnosis and control improved more rapidly during this phase (P < 0.001 for each) and reversed preceding negative trends.

Conclusion

Implementing proactive nonclinician outreach to encourage primary care–based treatment of CVD risk factors was associated with increases in statin prescribing and in hypertension diagnosis and control. Smoking was not affected.
Highly Efficient and Color‐Stable Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence White Light‐Emitting Diodes Featured with Single‐Doped Single Emissive Layers
Authors: Ding Dongxue , Wang Zicheng , Li Chenyu , Zhang Jing , Duan Chunbo , Wei Ying , Xu Hui
Published: January 2020

Despite their merits of environmental friendliness, low cost, and large‐scale production, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) based white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) for daily lighting applications still face the formidable challenges of structural simplification and controllable exciton allocation. Here, the state‐of‐the‐art full‐TADF WOLEDs with features of the single‐doped single emissive layers (EMLs) and ultrasimple trilayer structure are demonstrated. The EMLs are binary systems as yellow TADF emitter (4CzTPNBu) doped blue TADF matrix (ptBCzPO2TPTZ) with the large steric hindrance and mismatched frontier molecular orbital energy levels to effectively restrain excessive blue‐to‐yellow triplet exciton transfer and host‐dopant interaction induced triplet quenching. Simultaneously, Förster resonance energy transfer is utilized to optimize exciton allocation for the balance of blue and yellow emissions, giving rise to the photoluminescence quantum yield beyond 90%. Consequently, these single‐doped EMLs endow their cool white, pure white, and warm white diodes with the high‐quality and ultrastable white light and the 100% exciton utilization efficiencies through the extremely simple structures, making them competent for the diverse daily lighting applications.
Contrasting environmental factors drive local adaptation at opposite ends of an environmental gradient in the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus guttatus)
Authors: Popovic Damian , Lowry David B.
Published: January 2020

Premise

Identifying the environmental factors responsible for natural selection across different habitats is crucial for understanding the process of local adaptation in plants. Despite its importance, few studies have successfully isolated the environmental factors driving local adaptation in nature. In this study, we evaluated the agents of selection responsible for local adaptation of the monkeyflower Mimulus guttatus to California's coastal and inland habitats.

Methods

We implemented a manipulative reciprocal transplant experiment at coastal and inland sites, where we excluded aboveground stressors in an effort to elucidate their role in the evolution of local adaptation.

Results

Excluding aboveground stressors, most likely a combination of salt spray and herbivory, completely rescued inland annual plant fitness when transplanted to coastal habitat. The exclosures in inland habitat provided a benefit to the performance of coastal perennial plants. However, the exclosures are unlikely to provide much fitness benefit to the coastal plants at the inland site because of their general inability to flower in time to escape from the summer drought.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates that a distinct set of selective agents (aboveground vs. belowground) are responsible for local adaptation at opposite ends of an environmental gradient.
Solid‐State Emissive Aroyl‐S,N‐Ketene Acetals with Tunable Aggregation‐Induced Emission Characteristics
Authors: Biesen Lukas , Nirmalananthan‐Budau Nithiya , Hoffmann Katrin , Resch‐Genger Ute , Müller Thomas J. J.
Published: January 2020

N‐Benzyl aroyl‐S,N‐ketene acetals can be readily synthesized by condensation of aroyl chlorides and N‐benzyl 2‐methyl benzothiazolium salts in good to excellent yields, yielding a library of 35 chromophores with bright solid‐state emission and aggregation‐induced emission characteristics. Varying the substituent from electron‐donating to electron‐withdrawing enables the tuning of the solid‐state emission color from deep blue to red.
Chemical characterization and therapeutic properties ofAchillea biebersteiniileaf aqueous extract synthesized copper nanoparticles against methamphetamine‐induced cell death in PC12: A study in the nanotechnology and neurology fields
Authors: Wang Gang , Ahmeda Ahmad , Malek Zahra , Mansooridara Shirin , Zangeneh Akram , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi
Published: January 2020

Recently, scientist have used metallic nanoparticles for synthesizing many new drugs in the field of neurology. One of the metals used in the metallic nanoparticles is copper. The role ofAchillea biebersteiniiin increasing the physiological activities of central nervous system in Iranian traditional medicine is well known. In this study fresh leaves ofA. biebersteiniiwere used for the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles. We also assessed the effect of copper nanoparticles on methamphetamine‐induced cell death in the PC12 cell line. The nanoparticles were analyzed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. A 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging experiment was carried out to assess the antioxidant properties of Cu(NO3)2,A. biebersteinii, and CuNPs. The DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant activities forA. biebersteinii, CuNPs, and butylated hydroxytoluene. In the cellular and molecular part of the present study, the Trypan blue test was performed to assess cell viability. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase 2′‐Deoxyuridine, 5′‐Triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling test clarified the DNA fragmentation and apoptosis occurrence. The Griess reaction was used to measure nitric oxide production and caspase‐3 activity was evaluated by spectrophotometry. The obtained results were fed into SPSS‐22 software and analyzed by one‐way ANOVA, followed by Tukey'spost hoctest (p≤ 0.01). The results indicate that both doses of CuNPs had cell death‐suppressing effects on nerve cells. In particular, both doses of CuNPs significantly (p≤ 0.01) increased cell viability and NO production, and decreased cell cytotoxicity, cell death index, and caspase‐3 activity near the normal. According to these results, it seems that CuNPs could be administrated as a neuroprotective supplement or drug for the treatment of central nervous system disorders in clinical trials.
Magnetic retrievable Ag/AgBr/ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst for efficient removal of organic pollutant under visible light
Authors: Li Peng , Liu Yang , Xue Ruiting , Fan Ximei
Published: January 2020

In the present work, a visible‐light‐driven Ag/AgBr/ZnFe2O4 photocatalyst has been successfully synthesized via a deposition–precipitation and photoreduction method. The crystal structure, chemical composition, morphology and optical properties of the as‐prepared nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscope, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The photocatalytic activities of the Ag/AgBr/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposites were evaluated through the photodegradation of gaseous toluene and methyl orange (MO) under visible light. The results revealed that the as‐prepared Ag/AgBr/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity. The degrading efficiency of MO could still reach 90% after four cycles, and the Ag/AgBr/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite could be recycled easily by a magnet. Additionally, the enhanced photocatalytic mechanism was discussed according to the trapping experiments, which indicated that the photo‐generated holes (h+) and •O2− played important roles in photodegradation process. At last, a possible photocatalytic oxidation pathways of toluene was proposed based on the results of GC–MS. The Ag/AgBr/ZnFe2O4 composites showed potential application for efficient removal of organic pollutant.
Assessing the distribution pattern of otters in four rivers of the Indian Himalayan biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Gupta Nishikant , Tiwari Varun , Everard Mark , Savage Melissa , Hussain Syed Ainul , Chadwick Michael A. , Johnson Jeyaraj Antony , Nawab Asghar , Belwal Vinod K.
Published: January 2020

The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), smooth‐coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata), and Asian small‐clawed otter (Aonyx cinereus) have all been reported previously from the Indian state of Uttarakhand. However, little information is available about their current distribution in a mountainous region that is subject to increasing human‐induced stressors (such as hydropower plants, pollution, sand and boulder mining, destructive fishing techniques, poaching).

Owing to important roles played by these otters in structuring riverine food webs (particularly taking account of their roles as top carnivores), it is critical that they receive suitable protection in the face of projected temperature rise, change in precipitation patterns, and associated river flows in this Himalayan biodiversity hotspot. This study assesses otter distribution in four rivers of Uttarakhand as a basis for informing future conservation actions.

Field surveys were conducted (October 2018–January 2019) in reaches of the Kosi, Ramganga, Khoh, and Song rivers, supported by semi‐structured interviews (N = 379) conducted with members of local communities to collect qualitative data on views and perceptions of otter species. In addition, community‐based otter awareness camps were organized for local youths (N = 105), adults (N = 115), and schoolchildren (N = 256 covering 10 schools).

Habitat suitability maps were created using remote‐sensing data, survey findings, and a geographic information system to provide information about priority reaches of river to be targeted for future conservation efforts.

This study provides critical interdisciplinary baseline information to guide decision‐makers towards developing a targeted, otter‐specific conservation programme for this important Himalayan biodiversity hotspot.

The otter conservation education programmes conducted during this study resulted in a proposal to set up a community‐based conservation initiative to monitor and report otter sightings from the area, potentially representing a way forward for achieving simultaneous otter conservation and associated ecosystem benefits for local communities.
Identify potential clinical significance of long noncoding RNA forkhead box P4 antisense RNA 1 in patients with early stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Guang , Xu Hao , Chen Ming , Tan Xiao‐Yu , Chen Xiao‐Feng , Yang Yong‐Guang , Lin Man‐Zhou , Liu Guo‐Hua , Liang Xiao‐Lu , Qian Yi‐Bin , Yuan Guo‐Jia , Chen Min‐Qiang , Li Wen‐Tao , Miao Hui‐Lai , Li Ming‐Yi , Liao Xi‐Wen , Dai Wei , Chen Nian‐Ping
Published: January 2020

Previous studies have shown that forkhead box P4 antisense RNA 1 (FOXP4‐AS1) is dysregulated in tumor tissues and can serve as a prognostic indicator for multiple cancers. However, the clinical significance of FOXP4‐AS1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The goal of this study is to recognize the possible clinical significance of long noncoding RNA FOXP4‐AS1 in patients with early stage PDAC. A total of 112 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PDAC cohort, receiving RNA sequencing, were involved in the study. Survival analysis, functional mechanism, and potential small molecule drugs of target therapy of FOXP4‐AS1 were performed in this study. Survival analysis in TCGA PDAC cohort suggested that patients with high FOXP4‐AS1 expression had significantly augmented possibility of death than in PDAC patients with lower FOXP4‐AS1 expression (adjusted P = .008; adjusted HR = 2.143, 95% CI = 1.221‐3.760). In this study, a genome‐wide RNA sequencing dataset was used to identify 927 genes co‐expressing with FOXP4‐AS1 in PDAC tumor tissues. A total of 676 differentially expressed genes were identified between different FOXP4‐AS1 expression groups. Functional enrichment analysis of these genes and gene set enrichment analysis for PDAC genome‐wide RNA sequencing dataset was done. We have found that FOXP4‐AS1 may function in PDAC by participating in biological processes and pathways including oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, classical tumor‐related pathways such as NF‐kappaB as well as Janus kinase/signal transducers in addition to activators of transcription, cell proliferation, and adhesion. In addition, we also screened two potential targeted therapeutic small molecule drugs (dimenhydrinate and metanephrine) for FOXP4‐AS1 in PDAC. In conclusion, our present study demonstrated that higher expression of FOXP4‐AS1 in PDAC tumor tissues were related with an inferior medical outcome. Through multiple genome‐wide approaches, we identified the potential molecular mechanisms of FOXP4‐AS1 in PDAC and two targeted therapeutic drugs for it.
Composition of cometary particles collected during two periods of the Rosetta mission: multivariate evaluation of mass spectral data
Authors: Varmuza Kurt , Filzmoser Peter , Fray Nicolas , Cottin Hervé , Merouane Sihane , Stenzel Oliver , Paquette John , Kissel Jochen , Briois Christelle , Baklouti Donia , Bardyn Anaïs , Siljeström Sandra , Silén Johan , Hilchenbach Martin
Published: January 2020

The instrument COSIMA (COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyzer) onboard of the European Space Agency mission Rosetta collected and analyzed dust particles in the neighborhood of comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko. The chemical composition of the particle surfaces was characterized by time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. A set of 2213 spectra has been selected, and relative abundances for CH‐containing positive ions as well as positive elemental ions define a set of multivariate data with nine variables. Evaluation by complementary chemometric techniques shows different compositions of sample groups collected during two periods of the mission. The first period was August to November 2014 (far from the Sun); the second period was January 2015 to February 2016 (nearer to the Sun). The applied data evaluation methods consider the compositional nature of the mass spectral data and comprise robust principal component analysis as well as classification with discriminant partial least squares regression, k‐nearest neighbor search, and random forest decision trees. The results indicate a high importance of the relative abundances of the secondary ions C+ and Fe+ for the group separation and demonstrate an enhanced content of carbon‐containing substances in samples collected in the period with smaller distances to the Sun.
Row spacing and seeding rate effect on soybean seed yield in North Dakota
Authors: Schmitz Peder K. , Stanley Jordan D. , Kandel Hans
Published: January 2020

North Dakota soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeding rate and row spacing varies across the state due to climate factors. Eight soybean seeding rates (starting at 80,000 and increasing by 20,000 live seeds ac−1 increments) and row spacing (12 and 24 inches) were evaluated in 15 environments in 2017–2018 to quantify established plant densities, seed yield, and plant loss occurring during the season. Planting at a 12‐inch row spacing yielded 2.7 bu ac−1 greater than 24‐inch row spacing and provided $33 ac−1 greater net profit on average. Following plant establishment, 6.6% in‐season plant loss occurred on average. Using 180,000 to 200,000 live seed ac−1 had higher yields than seeding rates of 120,000 or less. Maximum net partial profit based on seeding rate was 80,800, 105,300, and 167,500 live seed ac−1 for seed costs of $57.80, $50.80, and $33, respectively, for 140,000 seeds. North Dakota's current recommendation of 150,000 established plants ac−1 is in the range to optimize yield but will likely not optimize profit based on seed costs and current market values. North Dakota farmers are recommended to use 12‐inch row spacing instead of 24 inches.
Solvent Impact on the Properties of Benchmark Metal–Organic Frameworks: Acetonitrile‐Based Synthesis of CAU‐10, Ce‐UiO‐66, and Al‐MIL‐53
Authors: Leubner Sebastian , Stäglich Robert , Franke Julia , Jacobsen Jannick , Gosch Jonas , Siegel Renée , Reinsch Helge , Maurin Guillaume , Senker Jürgen , Yot Pascal G. , Stock Norbert
Published: January 2020

Herein is reported the utilization of acetonitrile as a new solvent for the synthesis of the three significantly different benchmark metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) CAU‐10, Ce‐UiO‐66, and Al‐MIL‐53 of idealized composition [Al(OH)(ISO)], [Ce6O4(OH)4(BDC)6], and [Al(OH)(BDC)], respectively (ISO2−: isophthalate, BDC2−: terephthalate). Its use allowed the synthesis of Ce‐UiO‐66 on a gram scale. While CAU‐10 and Ce‐UiO‐66 exhibit properties similar to those reported elsewhere for these two materials, the obtained Al‐MIL‐53 shows no structural flexibility upon adsorption of hydrophilic or hydrophobic guest molecules such as water and xenon and is stabilized in its large‐pore form over a broad temperature range (130–450 K). The stabilization of the large‐pore form of Al‐MIL‐53 was attributed to a high percentage of noncoordinating −COOH groups as determined by solid‐state NMR spectroscopy. The defective material shows an unusually high water uptake of 310 mg g−1within the range of 0.45 to 0.65 p/p°. In spite of showing no breathing effect upon water adsorption it exhibits distinct mechanical properties. Thus, mercury intrusion porosimetry studies revealed that the solid can be reversibly forced to breathe by applying moderate pressures (≈60 MPa).
Shape Tailoring of Iodine‐Based Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals in Hot‐Injection Methods
Authors: Grisorio Roberto , Fanizza Elisabetta , Striccoli Marinella , Altamura Davide , Giannini Cinzia , Allegretta Ignazio , Terzano Roberto , Suranna Gian Paolo
Published: January 2020

All‐inorganic lead‐halide perovskite nanocrystals continue to attract the attention of the scientific community due to their optical potential. In this work, we demonstrate that synthetic approaches based on the modulation of the ligand‐to‐metal ratio in hot‐injection methods can provide direct access to a variety of colloidal nanocrystal morphologies without resorting to post‐synthetic transformations. The shape tailoring observed for iodine‐based perovskite nanocrystals suggests that nanowires can evolve through the oriented attachment of nanocubes in the presence of high ligand‐to‐metal ratios. Conversely, mixed‐halide perovskite nanoplatelets are generated in low‐surfactant regimes, due to the peculiar reactivity of halo‐plumbate species generated before cesium injection, which favors an anisotropic growth of the nanoparticles. These results contribute to deepen the knowledge on the shape evolution of perovskite nanoparticles, thus opening the way to the development of new synthetic approaches.
Latest Trends in Temperature Sensing by Molecular Probes
Authors: Ogle Meredith M. , Smith McWilliams Ashleigh D. , Jiang Bo , Martí Angel A.
Published: January 2020

In this Review, we summarize the work in the last ten years on the development of fluorescent molecular probes with possible applications in microscopic thermometry. We discuss four principal types of temperature‐dependent photoluminescence features: 1) Emission intensity; 2) Ratio of emission intensities; 3) Emission peak shift; and 4) Emission lifetime. We compare the advantages, limitations, and challenges of the different probes using these types of sensing mechanisms. By focusing on molecular probes, rather than nanoparticles or polymers, the mechanisms of temperature dependence are discussed thoroughly, with the most common including twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT), aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), and mechanically induced change in emission (MICE). With many different confounding variables associated with each experimental method and mechanism of temperature‐dependent photoluminescence, lanthanide and transition metal complexes seem to be promising candidates for future microscopic thermometry applications.
The evolutionary advantage of fitness‐dependent recombination in diploids: A deterministic mutation–selection balance model
Authors: Rybnikov Sviatoslav , Frenkel Zeev , Korol Abraham B.
Published: January 2020

Recombination's omnipresence in nature is one of the most intriguing problems in evolutionary biology. The question of why recombination exhibits certain general features is no less interesting than that of why it exists at all. One such feature is recombination's fitness dependence (FD). The so far developed population genetics models have focused on the evolution of FD recombination mainly in haploids, although the empirical evidence for this phenomenon comes mostly from diploids. Using numerical analysis of modifier models for infinite panmictic populations, we show here that FD recombination can be evolutionarily advantageous in diploids subjected to purifying selection. We ascribe this advantage to the differential rate of disruption of lower‐ versus higher‐fitness genotypes, which can be manifested in selected systems with at least three loci. We also show that if the modifier is linked to such selected system, it can additionally benefit from modifying this linkage in a fitness‐dependent manner. The revealed evolutionary advantage of FD recombination appeared robust to crossover interference within the selected system, either positive or negative. Remarkably, FD recombination was often favored in situations where any constant nonzero recombination was evolutionarily disfavored, implying a relaxation of the rather strict constraints on major parameters (e.g., selection intensity and epistasis) required for the evolutionary advantage of nonzero recombination formulated by classical models.
Inferior vena cava ultrasound in acute decompensated heart failure: design rationale of the CAVA‐ADHF‐DZHK10 trial
Authors: Jobs Alexander , Vonthein Reinhard , König Inke R. , Schäfer Jane , Nauck Matthias , Haag Svenja , Fichera Carlo Federico , Stiermaier Thomas , Ledwoch Jakob , Schneider Alisa , Valentova Miroslava , von Haehling Stephan , Störk Stefan , Westermann Dirk , Lenz Tobias , Arnold Natalie , Edelmann Frank , Seppelt Philipp , Felix Stephan , Lutz Matthias , Hedwig Felix , Borggrefe Martin , Scherer Clemens , Desch Steffen , Thiele Holger
Published: January 2020

Aims

Treating patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) presenting with volume overload is a common task. However, optimal guidance of decongesting therapy and treatment targets are not well defined. The inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and its collapsibility can be used to estimate right atrial pressure, which is a measure of right‐sided haemodynamic congestion. The CAVA‐ADHF‐DZHK10 trial is designed to test the hypothesis that ultrasound assessment of the IVC in addition to clinical assessment improves decongestion as compared with clinical assessment alone.

Methods and results

CAVA‐ADHF‐DZHK10 is a randomized, controlled, patient‐blinded, multicentre, parallel‐group trial randomly assigning 388 patients with ADHF to either decongesting therapy guided by ultrasound assessment of the IVC in addition to clinical assessment or clinical assessment alone. IVC ultrasound will be performed daily between baseline and hospital discharge in all patients. However, ultrasound results will only be reported to treating physicians in the intervention group. Treatment target is relief of congestion‐related signs and symptoms in both groups with the additional goal to reduce the IVC diameter ≤21 mm and increase IVC collapsibility >50% in the intervention group. The primary endpoint is change in N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide from baseline to hospital discharge. Secondary endpoints evaluate feasibility, efficacy of decongestion on other scales, and the impact of the intervention on clinical endpoints.

Conclusions

CAVA‐ADHF‐DZHK10 will investigate whether IVC ultrasound supplementing clinical assessment improves decongestion in patients admitted for ADHF.
Right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ preferences for minority acculturation
Authors: Haase Anna , Asbrock Frank , Rohmann Anette
Published: January 2020

The present research examines the role of right‐wing authoritarianism for the formation of majority members’ attitudes towards minority members’ contribution to the acculturation process. Previous research has confirmed the link between right‐wing authoritarianism and majority members’ acculturation preferences. Nonetheless, a test of their longitudinal relationship was still lacking. Using data from a 3‐wave panel study in Germany, we demonstrate that right‐wing authoritarianism among majority members predicts less support for immigrants’ cultural maintenance and less support for the establishment of intergroup relations over time (Study 1, N = 551). Using cross‐sectional survey data, we show that collective threat mediates these relationships (Study 2, N = 817). Data were representative of the German adult population. Our findings indicate that authoritarian majority members oppose integration because they perceive foreigners as threatening. Right‐wing authoritarianism appears to be a meaningful individual difference variable linked to majority members’ attitudes towards immigrants’ maintenance of their heritage culture and the establishment of intergroup relations over time. Our findings complement recent theorizing about acculturation processes.
Ultra‐sensitive Voltammetric Aluminum Determination on a Solid Bismuth Electrode for Water Filter Verification
Authors: Kopeć Justyna , Wójcik Szymon , Jakubowska Małgorzata
Published: January 2020

This work presents a new ultra‐sensitive method of Al(III) as Al‐cupferron complex voltammetric determination, in 0.04 M ammonium sulfate of pH=6.1 and 0.003 M cupferron by environmentally friendly and durable Bismuth Bulk Annular Band Electrode (BiABE). The optimal measuring parameters include: potential window from −700 to −1250 mV versus Ag|AgCl, preconcentration time and potential of 120 s, −700 mV, respectively. The electrode surface can be activated by fast in situ method: applying short conditioning by the potential of −1300 mV. The best obtained analytical parameters are: range of linearity 0.2–1.2 μg L−1 with high sensitivity of 1.333 μA/μg L−1, limit of detection 0.04 μg L−1 and repeatability below 2.3 %. The described procedure was verified using various CRMs, i. e. surface waters, waste waters and tea leaves. Satisfactory recovery values were obtained in the interval 99.2–103.5 %. Developed DPV procedure was used to determine Al in tap and natural waters in aspect of recovery of aluminum, which was added to the samples. For the first time, we tested also Al removal efficiency from water by the water filters mounted in the trip bottle.
Oil refining in Sicily: A critical perspective looking to the future
Authors: Pagliaro Mario , Meneguzzo Francesco
Published: January 2020

Hosting close to half of Italy's oil refining capacity, Sicily is home to four petroleum refineries, one of which ended operations in 2014‐2015. Following an updated outlook of Sicily's oil infrastructure, this study provides both a critical perspective as to where oil refining in Sicily currently stands and a substantial view into its near future. We conclude offering a clue on how the autonomous Sicily's government might act to face the consequences of the undergoing profound changes summarized herein.
Latency‐minimum offloading decision and resource allocation for fog‐enabled Internet of Things networks
Authors: Wang Qian , Chen Siguang
Published: January 2020

The rapid growth of the number of sensing devices enables computation offloading to be a promising solution to alleviate the burden of core network communication and provide low delay services, especially for those computation‐intensive and delay‐sensitive tasks. For meeting the processing requirements of these tasks sufficiently, a latency‐minimum offloading decision and resource allocation scheme for fog‐enabled Internet of Things (IoT) networks is developed in this article. Specifically, we formulate a joint optimization problem of the offloading decision, the local computation capability, and the computing resource allocation of fog node to minimize the task completion time with energy constraint, in which practically considers M/M/1 waiting queues in the wireless channel and fog node. To solve this mixed integer nonlinear programming problem with low complexity, we first calculate the optimal values of local computation capability and computing resource allocation of fog node by decomposing the original optimization problem into two independent subproblems. Subsequently, we propose a hybrid genetic simulated annealing‐based latency‐minimum offloading decision algorithm to optimize the offloading decision. Finally, the numerical results verify that our proposed scheme achieves significant advantages compared to other alternative schemes in terms of completion time and energy consumption, and they also confirm the advantage of convergence speed and quality.
Normal variations in personality predict eating behavior, oral health, and partial syndrome bulimia nervosa in adolescent girls
Authors: Allen Mark S. , Robson Davina A. , Laborde Sylvain
Published: January 2020

Eating disorders are among the most prevalent disorders in adolescence and can have negative consequences including poor quality of life, medical complications, and even death. This study addresses whether normal variations in personality relate to eating behavior and eating disorder symptomatology in adolescent girls. Participants were a near‐representative sample of Australian adolescent girls (n = 1,676). Three personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness) were assessed at age 12 and again at age 14, and self‐reported eating and weight management behaviors were assessed at age 14. After controlling for sociodemographic factors, higher levels of conscientiousness at age 12, and increases in conscientiousness between ages 12 and 14, were associated with greater fruit and vegetable consumption, a lower intake of high fat foods and high sugar drinks, less frequent meal skipping, better oral health, and decreased risk of partial syndrome bulimia nervosa at age 14. Higher neuroticism at age 12 was associated with more frequent meal skipping, and increases in neuroticism between ages 12 and 14 were associated with more frequent meal skipping and increased risk of partial syndrome bulimia nervosa at age 14. Extraversion was generally unrelated to eating and weight management behaviors. These findings provide evidence that normal variations in personality are related to eating behavior, oral health, and eating disorder symptoms during midadolescence.
Trends in head and neck fellowship graduates in the United States from 1997 to 2017
Authors: Lin Yufan , Patel Dhruv , Ramsey Tam , Gildener‐Leapman Neil
Published: January 2020

Background

We investigated whether the supply of head and neck fellowship graduates matches head and neck cancer trends.

Methods

Graduates between 1997 and 2017 from the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) and United States Otolaryngology fellowship program webpages were identified. Trends in graduates were compared with head and neck cancer incidence obtained from the Center of Disease Control.

Results

Of 538 fellows, 428 were from the United States. Of fellows practicing in the United States, 24.14% were female. Most practice locations were urban (98.44%). AHNS fellowship positions from 1997 to 2017 increased by nearly 1.82 per year (P < .00001). Graduates in academic positions increased by 1.03 per year (P < .00001). Concomitantly, the age‐adjusted incidence rate of oral, oropharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers decreased (P = .0115).

Conclusion

There is important geographic variability in the practice locations of Head and Neck Oncologic Surgeons in the United States and our data may be helpful in matching clinical supply and demand.
Paired phase II trials evaluating cetuximab and radiotherapy for low risk HPV associated oropharyngeal cancer and locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in patients not eligible for cisplatin
Authors: Swiecicki Paul L. , Li Pin , Bellile Emily , Stucken Chaz , Malloy Kelly , Shuman Andrew , Spector Matthew E. , Chinn Steven , Casper Keith , McLean Scott , Moyer Jeffery , Chepeha Douglas , Wolf Gregory T , Prince Mark , Bradford Carol , Nyati Mukesh , Eisbruch Avraham , Worden Francis P , Jolly Shruti , Mierzwa Michelle
Published: January 2020

Background

Alternative therapeutic strategies are needed for localized oropharyngeal carcinoma. Cetuximab represents a potential option for those ineligible for cisplatin or, until recently, an agent for de‐escalation in low risk HPV+ oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPSCC). Our objective was to define the toxicity and efficacy of cetuximab‐radiotherapy.

Methods

We conducted paired phase II trials evaluating cetuximab‐radiotherapy in two cohorts (a) low risk HPV+ OPSCC and (b) cisplatin ineligible. The mean follow‐up was 48 months.

Results

Forty‐two patients were enrolled in cohort A with a 2‐year disease free survival (DFS) of 81%. Twenty‐one patients were enrolled in cohort B prior to closure due to adverse outcomes with a 2‐year DFS of 37%. Severe toxicities were seen in 60% of patients, 30% required enteral nutrition.

Conclusion

Among cisplatin ineligible patients, cetuximab treatment engendered poor outcomes. Rates of severe toxicities were on par with platinum‐based regimens suggesting that cetuximab is not a benign treatment.