EFISIENSI PENGENDALIAN PENGGEREK BUAH KAPAS Helicoverpa armigera HÜBNER DENGAN SERBUK BIJI MIMBA DAN NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS VIRUS
Authors: INDRAYANI I G.A.A. , WINARNO DWI , BASUKI TEGER BASUKI 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK<br />Pengendalian hama non-kimiawi semakin meningkat sehingga<br />mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia. Alternatif pengendalian hama<br />menggunakan pestisida botani dan agensia mikrobia cukup efektif<br />mengendalikan penggerek buah kapas H. armigera. Penelitian efisiensi<br />pengendalian penggerek buah kapas H. armigera dengan SBM dan NPV<br />dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan<br />Serat di Asembagus, Situbondo, Jawa Timur mulai Januari hingga<br />Desember 2003. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi<br />pengendalian penggerek buah kapas H. armigera terutama dengan<br />kombinasi SBM dan NPV. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah: (1)<br />SBM(LC 25 )+NPV(LC 50 ), (2) SBM(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ), (3) SBM (dosis<br />rekomendasi), (4) NPV (dosis rekomendasi), (5) betasiflutrin (dosis<br />rekomendasi), dan (6) kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Setiap perlakuan disusun<br />dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter<br />yang diamati meliputi populasi ulat H. armigera dan kompleks<br />predatornya, frekuensi penyemprotan masing-masing perlakuan, kerusakan<br />kuncup bunga dan buah kapas, biaya pengendalian hama, pendapatan,<br />marginal rate of return (MRR), dan hasil kapas serta kacang hijau. Hasil<br />penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian H. armigera dengan<br />kombinasi perlakuan SBM(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ) lebih efisien menurunkan<br />biaya pengendalian hama hingga 63,4% dan meningkatkan pendapatan<br />sebesar 32,7% dibanding insektisida kimia betasiflutrin, dengan nilai MRR<br />4,66 dan 4,28 masing-masing atas kontrol dan insektisida kimia.<br />Kata kunci: Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, hama, penggerek buah,<br />Helicoverpa armigera, SBM, NPV, pengendalian hama,<br />marginal rate of return, Jawa Timur<br />ABSTRACT<br />Efficiency in cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera Hübner control<br />using neem seed powder and nuclear polyhedrosis virus<br />Insect pest biological control potentially decreases the use of<br />chemical insecticides. The alternative control method chosen was<br />combination of botanical and microbial agents that showed higher<br />effectiveness against H. armigera. This control method might also<br />potential to minimize the use of chemical pesticide on cotton. Study on<br />efficiency of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera Hübner control using<br />neem seed powder (NSP) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus was conducted at<br />Asembagus Experimental Station of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops<br />Research Institute, Situbondo, East Java, from January to December 2003.<br />The objective of this study was to find out the efficiency level of cotton<br />bollworm control using combination of neem seed powder (NSP) and<br />nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV). The treatments were : (1) NSP(LC 25 ) +<br />NPV(LC 50 ), (2) NSP(LC 50 ) + NPV(LC 50 ), (3) NSP (recommended dose),<br />(4) NPV (recommended dose), (5) betacyfluthrin (recommended dose),<br />and (6) control (untreated). The treatments were arranged in a randomized<br />block design with three replications. Parameters observed were population<br />of H. armigera larvae and its complex predators, frequency of spraying,<br />square and boll damage, cost of control, net income, marginal rate of<br />return, and yield of seed cotton and mungbean. The research results<br />showed that the combination of NSP(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ) effectively<br />reduced the total cost of insect control by 63.4% and increased the increase<br />32.7% compared to betacyfluthrin. The combination also showed the<br />highest marginal rate of return of 4.66 and 4.28 based on control and<br />betacyfluthrin, respectively.<br />Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, insect, cotton bollworm,<br />Helicoverpa armigera, NSP, NPV, insect control, marginal<br />rate of return, East Java