bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Is the Relationship Between the Distal Semimembranosus Tendon and the Medial Meniscus? A Gross and Microscopic Analysis From the SANTI Study Group
Authors: Cavaignac Etienne , Sylvie Rémi , Teulières Maxime , Fernandez Andrea , Frosch Karl-Heinz , Gomez-Brouchet Anne , Sonnery-Cottet Bertrand
Published: December 2020

Background:

Some authors have suggested that the semimembranosus tendon is involved in the pathophysiology of ramp lesions. This led us to conduct a gross and microscopic analysis of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and the structures inserted on it.

Hypothesis:

(1) The semimembranosus tendon has a tendinous branch inserting into the posterior horn of the medial meniscus, and (2) the meniscotibial ligament is inserted on the posteroinferior edge of the medial meniscus.

Study Design:

Descriptive laboratory study.

Methods:

In total, 14 fresh cadaveric knees were dissected. From each cadaveric donor, a stable anatomic specimen was harvested en bloc, including the medial femoral condyle, medial tibial plateau, whole medial meniscus, cruciate ligaments, joint capsule, and distal insertion of the semimembranosus tendon. The harvested blocks were cut along the sagittal plane to isolate the distal insertion of the semimembranosus tendon on the posterior joint capsule and the posterior horn of the medial meniscus in a single slice. Histological slides were made from these samples and analyzed under a microscope.

Results:

In all knees, gross examination revealed a direct branch of the semimembranosus and a tendinous capsular branch ending behind the posterior horn of the medial meniscus. This capsular branch protruded over the joint capsule, over the meniscotibial ligament below and the meniscocapsular ligament above, but never ended directly in the meniscal tissue. The capsular branch was 14.3 ± 4.4 mm long (mean ± SD). The direct tendon inserted 11 ± 2.8 mm below the articular surface of the tibial plateau. The meniscotibial ligament inserted on the posteroinferior edge of the medial meniscus, and the meniscocapsular ligament insertion was on its posterosuperior edge. Highly vascularized adipose tissue was found, delimited by the posterior horn of the medial meniscus, meniscotibial ligament, meniscocapsular ligament, and capsular branch of the semimembranosus tendon.

Conclusion:

In all knees, our study found a capsular branch of the semimembranosus tendon inserted behind the medial meniscus. The meniscotibial ligament was inserted on the posteroinferior edge of the medial meniscus. Histological analysis of this area revealed that this ligament inserted differently from the insertion previously described in the literature.

Clinical Relevance:

This laboratory study provides insight into the pathophysiology of ramp lesions frequently associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury. To restore anatomy, it is mandatory to reestablish meniscotibial ligament continuity in ramp repairs.
The Nastiest Question: Does Population Mobility Vary by State Political Ideology during the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic?
Authors: Hill Terrence , Gonzalez Kelsey E. , Davis Andrew
Published: December 2020

We consider the association between state political ideology and population mobility during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. We use first-party geo-behavioral data to estimate the average distance traveled by approximately 15,000,000 devices over 10 weeks (February 24, 2020 to April 27, 2020). Regression models with state clustered robust standard errors show lower shelter-in-place rates and higher mobility scores in states with larger percentages of voters who supported Trump in the 2016 presidential election. We also find that shelter-in-place rates increased and mobility scores declined at slower rates in states with greater Trump support. Shelter-in-place rates and average mobility scores were comparable in states governed by Republicans and Democrats. There was some evidence that shelter-in-place rates increased and average mobility scores declined at slower rates in states governed by Republicans. Overall, states with more Trump voters are more resistant to public health recommendations and state stay-at-home orders during the coronavirus pandemic.
From Need to Policy: Community Supported Development and Implementation of the South Carolina Vulnerable Adult Guardian Ad Litem (SC VAGAL) Program
Authors: Guest M. Aaron , Stalzer Brenda , Patton Maria
Published: December 2020

Adult guardian ad litem programs are a necessary public service to protect adults from abuse and neglect. This article describes the development and implementation of an adult guardian ad litem program. We discuss the program’s impetus, pilot testing, evaluation, and implementation of the program. Our experience highlights the vital role of diverse inter-sectoral stakeholders. Furthermore, the development process highlights the need for flexibility in program development, tension negotiation among stakeholders, and engagement of aging stakeholders in nontraditional arenas.
La vulnérabilité des consommateurs en situation de handicap : les apports d’une prise en compte du temps
Authors: Beudaert Anthony , Nau Jean-Philippe
Published: December 2020

Dans une société confrontée à un important mouvement d’accélération sociale, le temps constitue un enjeu central pour les consommateurs, à plus forte raison lorsqu’ils sont en situation de handicap. Cette recherche qualitative se propose donc d'étudier la façon dont le temps contribue à la vulnérabilité de ces consommateurs. Pour ce faire, elle envisage les consommateurs comme pris dans différentes temporalités encastrées, stratifiées et devant être synchronisées. L'analyse de 51 entretiens menés auprès de personnes présentant des déficiences motrices ou auditives rend compte d'une vulnérabilité alimentée par des expériences temporelles individuelles problématiques ainsi que par le manque de synchronisation avec le temps d'autrui et/ou avec le temps de la société. Ces résultats contribuent à la littérature en éclairant l’articulation complexe entre les facteurs individuels, interpersonnels et structurels à l’origine de la vulnérabilité. Des préconisations managériales sont ensuite formulées afin d’aider les consommateurs à se réapproprier leur temps.
The Impact of Food on Bioavailability of Oxycodone Myristate: A Case Report
Authors: Nguyen Theodore Pham , Hagiwara Yuya , Pies Carla , Lockman Kashelle
Published: December 2020

Background:

In efforts to reduce misuse of opioids, new abuse deterrent formulations of medications have been developed. Insurers increasingly give abuse-deterrent opioid formulations preferred formulary status, which can result in required formulation rotation for patients. Xtampza® (oxycodone myristate extended-release) is an abuse-deterrent opioid formulation that maintains its extended-release properties with any physical manipulation. Blood levels of oxycodone myristate extended-release (OxyM-ER) may vary with dietary caloric and fat intake.

Case Description:

A woman with metastatic breast carcinoma had severe myalgias and arthralgias well-managed with oxycodone hydrochloride extended-release (OxyHCl-ER) and hydrocodone/acetaminophen. A switch from OxyHCl-ER to OxyM-ER resulted in worsened pain management, decreased functional status, and a referral to palliative care (PC). Recognizing calorie-depending pharmacokinetic variability with OxyM-ER, the interdisciplinary PC team obtained a detailed dietary history from the patient, which revealed a low-fat, low-calorie healthy diet with inconsistent meals. After repeated education, the patient changed her diet and had improved pain and functional status without increasing her total daily opioid dose.

Conclusion:

The efficacy of OxyM-ER may be compromised in patients with cancer experiencing anorexia, decreased or inconsistent food intake, or low-fat/low-calorie diets. An interdisciplinary team approach can improve pain control in the setting of “forced” formulary switches to OxyM-ER.
The Usability, Acceptability, and Functionality of Smart Oral Multidose Dispensing Systems for Medication Adherence: A Scoping Review
Authors: Faisal Sadaf , Ivo Jessica , Lee Catherine , Carter Caitlin , Patel Tejal
Published: December 2020

Background:

Medication non-adherence is a leading cause of non-optimal disease management, resulting in poor health outcomes, poor quality of life, and increased healthcare costs. Smart oral multidose dispensing systems (SOMDS) are being developed to address non-adherence; however, little is known about their integration into daily use by patients.

Methods:

Using Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework, relevant literature was searched for in electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and Scopus). Observational and interventional studies reporting the integration and impact on adherence from SOMDS in adults ≥18 years and published after 1960 were included.

Results:

Thirteen articles including one case study, 8 cohort studies, and 4 randomized trials were eligible. SOMDS included smart blister packaging, automated dispensers, and electronic medication trays. The number of medications dispensed per SOMDS was one (n = 3), >1 (n = 2), placebo (n = 1) and not reported (n = 7). Reported outcomes included impact on medication adherence (n = 3), integration (n = 2) and both parameters (n = 8).

Conclusion:

Although most studies reported that SOMDS appear usable, there was significant variability in the SOMDS types, patient populations, medication adherence definitions, and measurements; impacting the interpretation of results. Future studies should be designed to address effectiveness of SOMDS on medication adherence in patients with multi-drug therapy and the utilization of real-time adherence data for informing clinical decision making.
HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in Brighton, UK, from 2014 to 2020
Authors: Richardson Daniel , Fitzpatrick Colin , Parkes Luke , Roberts Jonathan , Mulka Larissa
Published: December 2020

HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is associated with transmission in men who have sex with men (MSM), non MSM clusters, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and can lead to antiretroviral failure. UK guidelines recommend performing TDR testing in all newly-diagnosed people living with HIV. We audited performance of TDR in our large tertiary HIV department from 2014–2020. All new patients had TDR testing attempted in the study period. The rate of TDR was 8% and was associated with increasing age and having non-B subtype. Having non-B subtype was not associated with being non-UK born. Thirty-four percent of people were diagnosed with a bacterial STI at the time of HIV diagnosis, but STI diagnosis was not associated with TDR. There was no significant change in TDR over the 6-year audit period. TDR remains a small but significant problem. Identifying these populations and providing effective HIV prevention interventions will reduce HIV incidence and TDR.
Green libraries and green librarianship – Towards conceptualization
Authors: Fedorowicz-Kruszewska Małgorzata
Published: December 2020

Since the beginning of the 1990s, libraries have been undertaking a number of activities aimed at minimizing their negative impact on the environment. Those that show such activity are called ‘green libraries’. This term appears in scientific, professional and popular science literature, but its definitions are vague and ambiguous. A preliminary analysis of the content of publications dealing with the issue of green libraries shows a modest representation of theoretical and synthetic texts. This article aims to fill this gap. It has three goals: (1) clarification of the term ‘green library’, (2) conceptualization of the term ‘green librarianship’ and (3) determination of ‘green librarianship’ areas. To achieve them, first, an analysis of the environmental discourse on green libraries and green librarianship in library science literature was performed to abstract green library indicators. Then, these indicators were verified. The selection of the sample for research was deliberate. The materials were collected using the Library, Information Science & Technology Abstract (LISTA) bibliographic and abstract database. As a result, the number of green library indicators has been extended, which has made it possible to clarify the definition of this term. The definition of ‘green librarianship’ was then formulated, and the areas of green librarianship were indicated. Conceptualization of the terms ‘green library’ and ‘green librarianship’ constitutes the value of this article. The practical implication of the study is the expansion of the number of green library indicators. These indicators can be used to develop a codebook for the content analysis of documents in the discussed area. This article may also contribute to the development of methods for the evaluation of activities and development of green libraries.
Shades of theory: A topic modelling of ways of theorizing in accounting history research
Authors: Ferri Paolo , Lusiani Maria , Pareschi Luca
Published: December 2020

The article aims to explore ways of theorizing in accounting history research. The article draws on findings originating from a semi-automated text analysis by means of topic modelling of 1,300 accounting history papers published between 1996 and 2015 across six journals most relevant to the discipline. Findings show the presence of a whole range of ways of theorizing at different levels of abstraction (from narrating to conceptualizing to theorizing settings to grand theorizing). Different ways of theorizing tend to be associated not only with specific research objects but also with specific journal types. Overall, both narrating and grand theorizing are relatively decreasing in favour of mid-range theorizing approaches, which seem to be on the rise.
A Case Study of Lessons Learned from a Decade of Success in Preparing and Supporting Quality School Leadership Through District–University Partnerships
Authors: Williams Sheri S. , Romans Russ , Perrone Frank , Borden Allison M. , Woodrum Arlie
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this case study was to explore the context and key features of a successful decade-long district and university principal preparation program. Despite the importance of such partnerships, long-standing partnerships appear to be far from the norm. The partnership was designed in collaboration with faculty at a flagship university in the American Southwest and district leaders in a large urban school system. At the initiation of the partnership, the school district faced challenges similar to other districts in ensuring a steady pool of quality school leaders. The study was grounded in theory and anchored in relevant scholarly literature. Research methods included data collected from a qualitative analysis of the perspectives of key personnel who co-created the principal preparation program and supplementary data from external evaluations conducted by recognized appraisers. Findings indicate that district–university partnerships are more likely to endure when the partners are able to strengthen shared goals, leverage existing assets, sustain trusting relationships, uphold mutuality of purpose, and support collaborative interactions. The implications and recommendations from the study may appeal to other providers of principal preparation programs who desire to adapt the lessons learned and build on the assets that exist in their own unique school and community contexts. Future research on long standing district–university partnerships may help inform states in their oversight of principal preparation programs and university and district partners who wish to start or sustain the recruitment, preparation, placement, and retention of quality educational leaders in contextually specific and complex school environments.
Together We Can: Increase Couple Functioning for Low-SES Families
Authors: Almond Lindsey , Baugh Eboni , Mallette Jacquelyn , Harcourt-Medina Kate Taylor
Published: December 2020

This study reviews how parenting efficacy and the coparenting relationship are influenced by a shortened and adapted Together We Can relationship program. Researchers were interested in determining how socioeconomic status and race impact parenting and coparenting outcomes. Participants included 26 White and African American individuals. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory and the spillover hypothesis assist with understanding how participant’s environments have impacted their current relationship and parenting practices. Statistically significant differences were found between pre- and posttests on both parenting and coparenting outcomes; further analyses showed racial and socioeconomic differences within these outcomes. As society continues to form increased romantic relationships and parenting systems, relationship education programs should be evaluated with varied populations.
Documenting Horizontal Integration Among Urologists Who Treat Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mitchell Jean M. , Gresenz Carole Roan
Published: December 2020

Relatively little is known about the extent and effects of horizontal mergers among physician specialists. We developed and implemented a methodology to document changes in physician practice structure resulting from horizontal integration among urology groups. We merged cancer registry records from four large states with Medicare Part B claims to identify all urologists who treated men with prostate cancer. We added information from SK & A surveys and extensive internet searches to assign a practice structure to each urologist-year (2005-2014). Horizontal integration among small urology groups led to a sharp increase in the proportion of urologists who belong to large urology practices with ownership in intensity modulated radiation therapy and/or anatomical pathology services. By 2014, more than half of New Jersey urologists and about 43% of urologists in Florida and Texas were members of such large practices, whereas small percentages (7%-16%) were employed by a health system. In contrast, more than 27% of California urologists were employed but only 17.5% had ownership in intensity modulated radiation therapy and/or pathology services. Importantly, we found our indicators of market share of urologists associated with each practice structure type were highly concordant with indicators of market share based on number of prostate cancer episodes treated by each practice structure type.
Physical Health, Media Use, and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents With ADHD During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia
Authors: Sciberras Emma , Patel Pooja , Stokes Mark A. , Coghill David , Middeldorp Christel M. , Bellgrove Mark A. , Becker Stephen P. , Efron Daryl , Stringaris Argyris , Faraone Stephen V. , Bellows Susannah T. , Quach Jon , Banaschewski Tobias , McGillivray Jane , Hutchinson Delyse , Silk Tim J. , Melvin Glenn , Wood Amanda G. , Jackson Anna , Loram George , Engel Lidia , Montgomery Alicia , Westrupp Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

Objective:

To examine the impact of COVID-19 restrictions among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods:

Parents of 213 Australian children (5–17 years) with ADHD completed a survey in May 2020 when COVID-19 restrictions were in place (i.e., requiring citizens to stay at home except for essential reasons).

Results:

Compared to pre-pandemic, children had less exercise (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.4; 95% CI 0.3–0.6), less outdoor time (OR = 0.4; 95% 0.3–0.6), and less enjoyment in activities (OR = 6.5; 95% CI 4.0–10.4), while television (OR = 4.0; 95% CI 2.5–6.5), social media (OR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.3–4.5), gaming (OR = 2.0; 95% CI 1.3–3.0), sad/depressed mood (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.2–2.8), and loneliness (OR = 3.6; 95% CI 2.3–5.5) were increased. Child stress about COVID-19 restrictions was associated with poorer functioning across most domains. Most parents (64%) reported positive changes for their child including more family time.

Conclusions:

COVID-19 restrictions were associated with both negative and positive impacts among children with ADHD.
Consumer-Based Brand Authenticity and Brand Trust in Brand Loyalty in The Korean Coffee Shop Market
Authors: Kim Soon-Ho , Kim Minseong , Holland Stephen , Townsend Kyle M.
Published: December 2020

Based on a well-established framework, this study proposes and tests a model that attempts to understand the dynamic relationships among three dimensions of brand authenticity (i.e., quality commitment, heritage, and sincerity), two dimensions of brand trust (i.e., brand reliability and brand intention), brand affect, and brand loyalty among coffee shop customers. The verified model confirmed that all aspects of brand authenticity had significant effects on brand reliability and brand intention. Two aspects of brand trust had positive effects on brand affect and brand loyalty. Last, brand affect was, in turn, positively associated with brand loyalty. This research suggests that coffee shop brand managers may be well served by focusing on developing and strengthening brand authenticity and brand trust.
Exploring Differing Experiences of a Masculinity Contest Culture in Policing and the Impact on Individual and Organizational Outcomes
Authors: Workman-Stark Angela L.
Published: December 2020

Despite increasing allegations of misconduct, police organizations continue to overlook the environmental factors that contribute to harassment and other forms of misconduct. Using secondary survey data collected from a Canadian police organization ( N = 488), this study explored the specific factors that might contribute to masculinity contest cultures (i.e., cultures akin to a zero-sum competition with rules defined by masculine norms; MCCs). This study also examined whether MCC norms are experienced differently based on level within the organization, occupational role, and employee sex. The study findings suggest that MCC norms may be amplified by a shortage of personnel, and certain policies and practices that pit members against each other. The study also found that MCC norms are not necessarily perceived in the same way. For instance, female and frontline police officers were more likely to perceive their workplace as a MCC. Female officers were also more likely to experience harassing behaviors. This study makes a significant contribution to research and practice as it advances our understanding of MCCs within policing and how they might be changed.
Free vibration analysis of rectangular sandwich plates with compressible core and various boundary conditions
Authors: Farsani Sajjad Riahi , Ramian Arash , Jafari-Talookolaei Ramazan-Ali , Valvo Paolo S , Abedi Maryam
Published: December 2020

Extended higher-order sandwich plate theory is used to analyze the free vibrations of rectangular sandwich plates with compressible core. Accordingly, first-order shear deformation theory is used to model the laminated face sheets. Besides, the in-plane and transverse displacements of the core are assumed to be cubic and quadratic functions of the thickness coordinate, respectively. To deduce the governing equations, Hamilton’s principle is used. Then, based on the Rayleigh-Ritz method, single series expansions with two-variable orthogonal polynomials – namely, the orthogonal plate functions – are considered to approximate the displacement components. Lastly, a generalized eigenvalue problem is solved to obtain the free vibrational characteristics of sandwich plates with both symmetric and anti-symmetric lay-ups subjected to various boundary conditions. The method is validated against the results obtained by different methods in the literature. Finally, the effects of the plate side-to-thickness ratio, in-plane aspect ratio, and core-to-face sheets thickness ratio on the natural frequencies are discussed.
Premenopausal breast cancer is a health challenge: nutritional habits show potential to prevent this disease
Authors: Silva-Igua Liliana , De La Peña Jairo , Rubiano Wilson , Ruiz-Sternberg Angela María
Published: December 2020

Background:

The incidence of breast cancer had increased around the world. More premenopausal women suffer from this condition with great economic and social impact. The objective of this study is to establish possible associations between lifestyle and the presence of breast cancer in premenopausal women.

Methods:

The study population was composed of 330 premenopausal patients younger than 55 years with breast disease, cared between 2013 and 2017 at the University Hospital Mayor Méderi. Two comparison groups were formed. Patients with a tumor diagnosed as malignant considering cases and control group of patients with a tumor diagnosed as benign. With factors associated significantly in the bivariate analysis ( P < .10), the hierarchically organized multiple regression model controlled by the confounding variables was constructed. The logistic regression model was adjusted by the age variable, to avoid residual confounder.

Results:

The population included 330 premenopausal women with benign and malignant breast disease: 134 cases and 196 controls. From the multivariate analysis, it was identified that the whole-grain consumption was inversely associated with presence of breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 0.579; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.339, 0.991; P = .046). On the other hand, consumption of fish was associated with the presence of breast malignancy (OR  =  2.560; 95% CI: 1.200, 5.460; P  =  .015).

Conclusions:

Considering the epigenetic and multiomics individual profiles in the development of premenopausal breast cancer and its social and economic impact can be useful in development of modern clinical strategies with crucial interventions at the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention levels for this disease.
Measuring and managing creative labour: Value struggles and billable hours in the creative industries
Authors: Pitts Frederick Harry
Published: December 2020

Creative labour is often characterised as hard to measure and manage. As ‘immaterial labour’, it breaches the working day’s boundaries and produces uncertain outputs. These conditions, claim postoperaists, precipitate a ‘crisis of measurability’. Drawing on 33 interviews with workers at 10 graphic, brand and strategic design agencies in the UK and the Netherlands, this article disputes claims creative labour eludes quantification. Responding to calls to reconnect organisational research with the study of value, it deploys Marxian value theory to demonstrate that the billable hours system of pricing and allocating work in creative agencies establishes ‘fictitious norms of timing’ reminiscent of the Taylorist factory that mediate the labour-process with reference to standards of socially-necessary labour-time set in the market. Rebureaucratising and socialising creative labour, billable hours help creative agencies overcome measurability as a problem, not a crisis. But the timesheeting practices around which billable hours are organised internally are marked by antagonisms. The combination of clear measures around which to bargain and their pivotal economic role has implications for how we conceptualise the capacity of creative workers to collectively organise, make claims on value and create the potential for a realisation of the conditions of crisis postoperaists describe.
Chitinase 3-like 1 is not a target antigen in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Comabella Manuel , Deutschmann Claudia , Midaglia Luciana , Schierack Peter , Martínez Júlia , Roggenbuck Dirk , Montalban Xavier
Published: December 2020

Autoimmunity to chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) has recently been reported in hepatic and bowel inflammatory conditions. Considering that CHI3L1 plays a role as prognostic biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS), here we investigated CHI3L1 as potential autoantigenic target in the disease. We determined serum CHI3L1 autoantibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a cohort of 60 untreated MS patients with different clinical forms of the disease and 20 healthy controls (HC). IgG levels to CHI3L1 were similar between patients with relapsing-remitting MS, primary and secondary progressive MS, and HC. These findings do not support a role for CHI3L1 autoantibodies in MS pathogenesis.
Relationship of hospital volume on outcomes in patients with acute pulmonary embolism: Analysis of a 70,000 patient database
Authors: Finkelstein Mark , Cedillo Mario A , Kestenbaum David C , Shoaib Obaib S , Fischman Aaron M , Lookstein Robert A
Published: December 2020

Positive relationships between volume and outcome have been seen in several surgical and medical conditions, resulting in more centralized and specialized care structures. Currently, there is a scarcity of literature involving the volume–outcome relationship in pulmonary embolism (PE). Using a state-wide dataset that encapsulates all non-federal admissions in New York State, we performed a retrospective cohort study on admitted patients with a diagnosis of PE. A total of 70,443 cases were separated into volume groups stratified by hospital quartile. Continuous and categorical variables were compared between cohorts. Multivariable regression analysis was conducted to assess predictors of 1-year mortality, 30-day all-cause readmission, 30-day PE-related readmission, length of stay, and total charges. Of the 205 facilities that were included, 128 (62%) were labeled low volume, 39 (19%) medium volume, 23 (11%) high volume, and 15 (7%) very high volume. Multivariable analysis showed that very high volume was associated with decreased 30-day PE-related readmission (OR 0.64; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.73), decreased 30-day all-cause readmission (OR 0.84; 95% CI, 0.79 to 0.89), decreased 1-year mortality (OR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.91), decreased total charges (OR 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94 to 0.98), and decreased length of stay (OR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.92 to 0.96). In summary, facilities with higher volumes of acute PE were found to have less 30-day PE-related readmissions, less all-cause readmissions, shorter length of stay, decreased 1-year mortality, and decreased total charges.
A cross-sectional study evaluating hospitalization rates for chronic limb-threatening ischemia during the COVID-19 outbreak in Campania, Italy
Authors: Stabile Eugenio , Piccolo Raffaele , Franzese Michele , Accarino Giancarlo , Bracale Umberto Marcello , Cappello Enrico , Cioffi Giovanni , Cioppa Angelo , Crinisio Adolfo , Flora Loris , Landino Pietro , Martelli Eugenio , Mancusi Rosario , Niola Raffaella , Petrosino Fernando , Razzano Davide , Ruotolo Carlo , Salemme Luigi , Sangiuolo Paolo , Santini Gianpaolo , Soreca Emilio , Vigliotti Gennaro , Villari Bruno , Amabile Giampaolo , Ammollo Raffaele Pio , Barbarisi Danilo , Corbisiero Alfonsina M , D’angelo Antonio , Cangiano Gianluca , De Gregorio Claudia , De Laurentis Mario , Laurenzano Eugenio , Ficarelli Ilaria , Luongo Alessandro , Molino Claudio , Sarti Giuseppe , Viola Daniela , Esposito Giovanni
Published: December 2020

The expansion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prompted measures of disease containment by the Italian government with a national lockdown on March 9, 2020. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rate of hospitalization and mode of in-hospital treatment of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) before and during lockdown in the Campania region of Italy. The study population includes all patients with CLTI hospitalized in Campania over a 10-week period: 5 weeks before and 5 weeks during lockdown ( n = 453). Patients were treated medically and/or underwent urgent revascularization and/or major amputation of the lower extremities. Mean age was 69.2 ± 10.6 years and 27.6% of the patients were women. During hospitalization, 21.9% of patients were treated medically, 78.1% underwent revascularization, and 17.4% required amputations. In the weeks during the lockdown, a reduced rate of hospitalization for CLTI was observed compared with the weeks before lockdown (25 vs 74/100,000 inhabitants/year; incidence rate ratio: 0.34, 95% CI 0.32–0.37). This effect persisted to the end of the study period. An increased amputation rate in the weeks during lockdown was observed (29.3% vs 13.4%; p < 0.001). This study reports a reduced rate of CLTI-related hospitalization and an increased in-hospital amputation rate during lockdown in Campania. Ensuring appropriate treatment for patients with CLTI should be prioritized, even during disease containment measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic or other similar conditions.
Vanilla democracy: Sexuality, parenthood, and kinship in Greece
Authors: Chalkidou Aspa
Published: December 2020

This article analyzes how parenthood gets established as a defined sexual category predicated on the exclusion of imagined deviance. Examining the Greek state's policies on reproduction, public discourses over non-heterosexual kinship, and the LGBT movement’s claims for the institutional recognition of same-sex parenthood, I analyze the circulation of sexual concepts and ideas through the cultural notion of parenthood, their imbrication with policies on family and reproduction, and their connection to broader national, political, and reproductive imaginaries. Through a careful reading of the “Greek case,” a nation where same-sex couples can now enter a civil partnership, but who nevertheless lack any legal recognition of same-sex parenting, I argue that political attachments to parenthood have implications for understanding other forms of institutionalized reproduction, including the academic re/production of scholarship on kinship and sexuality, labor law, and the reproduction of state authority.
Studies on safety criteria for trains running on floating railway bridges
Authors: Seo Sungil , Park Joon Hyuk , Mun Hyung Suk
Published: December 2020

When subjected to internal and external dynamic factors, the train wheels move laterally, which can cause a derailment accident. When new external factors are introduced, derailment prevention measures must be established accordingly. For the expansion of railway application, this study aims to develop a fundamental technology for trains to run on the floating bridges on coasts. First, the vibration characteristics of ocean waves were statistically investigated so that simple equations could be proposed for estimating wave heights in terms of frequencies. It was found that ocean waves vibrate at low frequencies. Derailment criteria were derived for wheels on a vibrating track of a floating railway bridge. In addition, results were verified by conducting a shaking table test using a model bogie. A procedure for assessing the running safety of a train on a floating railway bridge subjected to ocean waves was then proposed. Based on this procedure, a model test was performed in a two-dimensional water tank to determine the motion response of the bridge. The running safety of a train on the vibrating track of the bridge was assessed under the influence of actual ocean waves, and measures for safe operation were suggested.
Vacuum assistance therapy as compared to early reconstructive treatment in deep sternal wound infection
Authors: Hämäläinen E. , Laurikka J. , Huhtala H. , Järvinen O.
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims:

Deep sternal wound infection is a major concern after cardiac surgery. This study describes the incidence of postoperative deep sternal wound infections after cardiac surgery and compares two available treatment modalities.

Materials and Methods:

In Tampere University Hospital, 7973 open heart operations were performed between 2007 and 2016. Patients treated for a postoperative deep sternal wound infection were categorized in two groups based on treatment: revision surgery with early reconstruction (revision group; 74 patients) or vacuum-assisted closure treatment (VAC group; 55 patients). The end points in comparisons were overall mortality and hospitalization time.

Results:

A total of 129 patients (1.6%) developed a postoperative deep sternal wound infection. The 30-day mortality rates were 8.1% and 3.6%, the 90-day mortality rates were 15.5% and 18.2%, and the 1-year mortality rates were 17.6% and 23.6% for the revision and VAC group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality rates. The hospital stay was 18 days in the revision group and 38 days in the VAC group (p < 0.001). The secondary intensive care unit stay was longer in the VAC group (median 1 vs 4, p = 0.011). The most common pathogens isolated in the first reoperation were coagulase-negative staphylococci (33.8% and 41.8%, respectively; p = 0.366), and positive candida findings were more common in the VAC group (4.1% vs 37.0 %, p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Vacuum-assisted closure treatment induces an inferior outcome in terms of fungal infections, treatment times, and the number of reoperations.
Audience participation in the mediated Arctic public sphere
Authors: Mathisen Birgit Røe , Morlandstø Lisbeth
Published: December 2020

The article investigates how the regional newspaper Nordlys facilitates public debate in the Arctic region of Norway. In 2014, Nordlys launched Nordnorsk debatt, a new development of the traditional letters to the editor, offering possibilities for audiences to comment and participate in public debates online. The article is based on a study of 883 opinion pieces posted on this website in 2017 and 2018. We analyse the individuals who access Nordnorsk debatt; we identify role and formal positions of the participants, and what issues they engage in. We also discuss how Nordnorsk debatt might contribute to dialogue and diversity in the regional public debate. We find an increasing engagement over the 2 years and a variety of issues brought into public discussion. Although the debate forum has a broad scope of participants, the analyses suggest that it is primarily a forum for the elites. Despite this, even if grassroots representatives do not dominate the agenda, their opinion pieces are mostly shared and disseminated.
Enhancing preschool-kindergarten educator implementation of interactive reading instruction through vertical teaming: Exploring collaborative enquiry
Authors: Kotas Jacqueline , Bridi Julia , Garrity Sarah M
Published: December 2020

Using data from a 2-year empirical project in an urban school within the United States, this article describes how educators of preschool, transitional-kindergarten and kindergarten (PreK-TK-K) altered perceptions and practices as a result of participating in a purposefully crafted professional learning community using collaborative enquiry. Emergent thematic findings highlight shifts in educator understanding and application of interactive reading practice and alignment across classrooms of young learners. This vertical professional learning community provided space and time where educators constructed meaning through collaborative enquiry, video observations and reflection, which informed educator thinking and enriched student interaction for literacy learning.
Refugee Children and Interventions for Depression: A Review of Current Interventions and Implications of the Ecological Context
Authors: Simenec Tori S. , Reid Brie M.
Published: December 2020

As of 2018, over 25.4 million people worldwide meet the criteria to be considered refugees, the highest number on record. Over half of these individuals are under 18 years old, leaving approximately 12 million children to cope with the trauma and stress typically encountered by refugees. Increased rates of depression in this population are well-documented in the literature. This article reviews the ecological determinants of depression for displaced children and current empirical methods for alleviating depression across contexts. PubMed and PsycINFO databases were reviewed for articles that met the following criteria for inclusion: published between January 1, 2000, and April 16, 2020; peer-reviewed empirical article; in English; reviewed an intervention targeting depression; and included a sample of refugees 18 years of age or younger. Sixteen interventions met inclusion criteria and were assessed using an ecological framework. The programs were analyzed for several methodological and outcome factors including intervention type, retention rate, participant demographics, participant country of origin and host country, ecological framework, and effectiveness. Major findings suggest that interventions including caregivers, involving the child’s community, addressing multiple contexts, and that are culturally informed may improve outcomes. This article presents research surrounding risk and protective factors for depression within each context to inform existing interventions and presents additional avenues for services to meet the needs of refugee youth across contexts.
Treatment of Femoropopliteal Lesions With the BioMimics 3D Vascular Stent System: Two-Year Results From the MIMICS-2 Trial
Authors: Sullivan Timothy M. , Zeller Thomas , Nakamura Masato , Gaines Peter A. ,   on behalf of the MIMICS-2 Trial Investigators
Published: December 2020

Purpose

To report the safety and effectiveness outcomes through 2 years of the BioMimics 3D Vascular Stent System in the treatment of symptomatic patients with atherosclerotic femoropopliteal disease.

Materials and Methods

The tubular, nitinol BioMimics 3D stent, which was designed to impart a helical shape to the arterial segment, was implanted in 271 patients (mean age 68.4±9.5 years; 180 men) with de novo femoropopliteal lesions enrolled at 43 investigational sites [31 US (n=162), 6 German (n=78), and 6 Japanese (n=31)] in the prospective, single-arm MIMICS-2 investigational device exemption trial ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02400905) between June 2015 and October 2016. Mean lesion length was 81.2±38.4 mm, 30.0% of patients had total occlusions, and 45.9% had moderate to severe calcification. Primary safety and effectiveness endpoints were compared at 1 year with prespecified objective performance goals (OPGs) set by the VIVA Physicians organization. Outcomes through 2 years are reported.

Results

The primary effectiveness endpoint of 12-month primary stent patency was met by 182 of 249 patients (73.1%, 95% CI 67.3% to 78.2%), exceeding the OPG of 66%. The primary safety endpoint of 30-day freedom from major adverse events (MAEs) was met in 268 of 269 patients (99.6%, 95% CI 97.7% to 100%), exceeding the OPG of 88%. Kaplan-Meier estimates of freedom from loss of primary patency were 83.1% at 12 months and 70.2% at 24 months, freedom from MAEs estimates were 86.9% at 12 months and 79.2% at 24 months, and freedom from clinically-driven target lesion revascularization estimates were 88.0% at 12 months and 83.0% at 24 months. At 24 months, 88.2% of patients showed improvement of ≥1 Rutherford category; the ankle-brachial index was >0.9 for 64.4% vs 11.3% at baseline. There were no cases of stent fracture.

Conclusion

Through 24 months, the BioMimics 3D Vascular Stent System provided safe and effective treatment for femoropopliteal lesions in patients with symptomatic peripheral artery disease.
Modeling and simulation of impact behavior of 3D woven solid structure for ballistic application
Authors: Tripathi Lekhani , Chowdhury Soumya , Behera BK
Published: December 2020

This study was carried out to understand and evaluate the response of 3 D woven fabrics upon the simulated ballistic forces. Under the low-velocity impact, analytical and numerical models were developed for determining the impact energy, which was used to evaluate the ballistic impact of projectile onto multiple-layered woven fabric panels based on the ballistic impact of single textile yarns. The behavior of primary and secondary yarns in a fabric under the ballistic impact was analyzed by both the models. The mechanisms of failure and energy dissipation of Kevlar fabric subjected to low-velocity impact were numerically investigated by using the ABAQUS platform as a tool of finite element method (FEM). The results obtained from numerical and analytical approaches were validated against experimental value which showed a good agreement.
Developing of thermal energy storing visual textile temperature indicators based on reversible color change
Authors: Tözüm M Selda , Alkan Cemil , Aksoy Sennur Alay
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to fabricate cotton and wool fabrics with both of thermoregulation and thermochromic properties. For this aim, three-component thermochromic systems (TCTS) were microencapsulated and applied to the pure cotton and wool textile fabrics. In the study, TCTSs consisting of crystal violet lactone (CVL), bisphenol A (BPA), and myristyl alcohol were microencapsulated in shell of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (P(MMA-co-MAA)) by emulsion polymerization method. Microcapsule wall structures were designed to exhibit affinity for cotton and wool fibres under appropriate reaction conditions. Microcapsules having spherical shape, compact morphology and average size of 23.24 µm were prepared successfully. These microparticles exhibited latent heat energy storage capacity of 197.7 J/g and considerable thermal stability required for textile application process conditions. P(MMA-co-MAA)/TCTS microcapsules were applied to the cotton and wool textiles by exhaustion method. In the method, a substrate takes the chemicals in the bath and the affinity between the chemicals and substrate molecules is determinant on exhaustion process. The structural, colorimetric and thermal characteristics of the microcapsule applied fabrics were analyzed. The fabrics had reversible color change with a function of temperature. Their colors were blue at room temperature and original color of the fabric at temperatures above activation point of the thermochromic system. Additionally, the cotton fabric stored the latent heat of 23.4 J/g while the wool fabric stored the latent heat of 62.1 J/g. They exhibited thermoregulation property resulting from the absorbed latent heat.
Inhibition of Microrna-766-5p Attenuates the Development of Cervical Cancer Through Regulating SCAI
Authors: Cai Yongqin , Zhang Kai , Cao Liya , Sun Hong , Wang Honggang
Published: December 2020

Purpose:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to play anti-tumor roles in cancers. This study is designed to illustrate the role and potential mechanism of miR-766-5p in cervical cancer (CC) progression.

Methods:

MiR-766-5p expression in tissues and serum of CC patients was detected by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum miR-766-5p in CC. The 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, flow cytometry, wound healing as well as transwell assay were utilized to detect the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of CC cells, respectively. The interaction between miR-766-5p and SCAI was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Xenografted tumor model was established to measure the growth of tumor xenograft in vivo.

Results:

MiR-766-5p was significantly increased in tissues and serum of CC patients. ROC curve suggested that serum miR-766-5p could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of CC. Inhibition of miR-766-5p suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of CC cells. SCAI was proved to be a target of miR-766-5p. Silencing of SCAI eliminated the inhibiting effects of miR-766-5p inhibitor on the proliferation, migration and invasion of CC cells in vitro. Additionally, down-regulation of SCAI also reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-766-5p inhibitor on the growth of tumor xenograft in vivo.

Conclusions:

Inhibition of miR-766-5p restrains the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promotes the apoptosis in CC through negatively regulating SCAI.