bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of activated carbon composited with Egyptian black sand for enhanced adsorption performance toward methylene blue dye
Authors: Elkholy Ahmed Salah , Yahia Mohamed Saber , Elnwawy Mohamed Abdelsamei , Gomaa Hosny Anwar , Elzaref Ahmed Shafek
Published: March 2023

The present study reports the feasibility of the synthesis of a novel porous composite adsorbent, prepared from olive stone activated carbon (OS400) and garnet (GA) mineral impregnations (referred to as OSMG). This composite (OSMG) was applied for its ability to adsorb a macromolecular organic dye. The composite’s structural characteristics were evaluated using various techniques such as Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR). The specific surface area of the garnet (GA), (OS400), and (OSMG) were found to be 5.157 mg⋅g−1, 1489.598 mg⋅g−1, and 546.392 mg⋅g−1, respectively. The specific surface area of the new composite (OSMG) was promoted to enhance the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). Experiments were conducted under various conditions, including contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperatures. Data from these experiments were analyzed using several adsorption models including Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R). The results indicated that, the adsorption fit best with the Freundlich model and that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic mechanism. Additionally, the thermodynamic analysis indicated the adsorption of MB onto garnet(GA) adsorbents is endothermic, while the sorption onto (OS400) and (OSMG) is an exothermic and non-spontaneous process. The OSMG composite can be used for at least five cycles without significant loss of adsorptive performance, and can easily be separated from the water after treatment.
Recursive bit assignment with neural reference adaptive step (RNA) MPPT algorithm for photovoltaic system
Authors: Hegazy Eman , Shokair Mona , Saad Waleed
Published: March 2023

Recent research has focused on photovoltaic (PV) systems due to their important properties. The efficiency of the PV system can be enhanced by many Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms proposals. MPPT algorithms are used to achieve maximum PV output power by optimizing the duty cycle of the DC–DC buck/boost converter. This paper introduces an RNA algorithm as an efficient MPPT algorithm for the photovoltaic system. This proposed RNA algorithm consists of two main segments. The first segment is an artificial neural network for generating reference power. The second segment is a proposed Recursive Bit Assignment (RBA) network to allow variable step size of the boost converter duty cycle. The instant PV power adopts the RBA network to produce the variable duty cycle increment value. Additionally, the neural network is implemented in such a way to obtain the best performance. Many simulation results using MATLAB to test the system performance are presented. The performance characteristics of the photovoltaic system with variable irradiance and variable temperature are simulated. From results, the proposed RNA algorithm achieves fast tracking time, high energy efficiency, true maximum power point and acceptable ripple. Additionally, comparisons between the RNA algorithm and other related algorithms such as Perturb and Observe, the Neural Network and the Adaptive Neural Inference System Algorithms are executed. The proposed RNA algorithm achieves the best performance in all case studies such as; irradiance profile variation, severe temperature and irradiance diversions, and partial shading conditions. Besides, the experimental circuit of the PV system is also presented.
Analytical and clinical validity of wearable, multi-sensor technology for assessment of motor function in patients with Parkinson’s disease in Japan
Authors: Oyama Genko , Burq Maximilien , Hatano Taku , Marks William J. , Kapur Ritu , Fernandez Jovelle , Fujikawa Keita , Furusawa Yoshihiko , Nakatome Keisuke , Rainaldi Erin , Chen Chen , Ho King Chung , Ogawa Takashi , Kamo Hikaru , Oji Yutaka , Takeshige-Amano Haruka , Taniguchi Daisuke , Nakamura Ryota , Sasaki Fuyuko , Ueno Shinichi , Shiina Kenta , Hattori Anri , Nishikawa Noriko , Ishiguro Mayu , Saiki Shinji , Hayashi Ayako , Motohashi Masatoshi , Hattori Nobutaka
Published: March 2023

Continuous, objective monitoring of motor signs and symptoms may help improve tracking of disease progression and treatment response in Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study assessed the analytical and clinical validity of multi-sensor smartwatch measurements in hospitalized and home-based settings (96 patients with PD; mean wear time 19 h/day) using a twice-daily virtual motor examination (VME) at times representing medication OFF/ON states. Digital measurement performance was better during inpatient clinical assessments for composite V-scores than single-sensor–derived features for bradykinesia (Spearman |r|= 0.63, reliability = 0.72), tremor (|r|= 0.41, reliability = 0.65), and overall motor features (|r|= 0.70, reliability = 0.67). Composite levodopa effect sizes during hospitalization were 0.51–1.44 for clinical assessments and 0.56–1.37 for VMEs. Reliability of digital measurements during home-based VMEs was 0.62–0.80 for scores derived from weekly averages and 0.24–0.66 for daily measurements. These results show that unsupervised digital measurements of motor features with wrist-worn sensors are sensitive to medication state and are reliable in naturalistic settings.

Trial Registration: Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center Clinical Trials Information (JAPIC-CTI): JapicCTI-194825; Registered June 25, 2019.
Challenging the Kauzmann paradox using an ultra-stable perfluoropolymer glass with a fictive temperature below the dynamic VFT temperature
Authors: El Banna Amer A. , McKenna Gregory B.
Published: March 2023

Ultra-stable fluoropolymer glasses were created using vacuum pyrolysis deposition that show large fictive temperature Tf reductions relative to the glass transition temperature Tg of the rejuvenated material. Tf was also found to be 11.4 K below the dynamic VFT temperature TVFT. Glass films with various thickness (200–1150 nm) were deposited onto different temperature substrates. Glassy films were characterized using rapid-chip calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and intrinsic viscosity measurements. Large enthalpy overshoots were observed upon heating and a Tf reduction of 62.6 K relative to the Tg of 348 K was observed. This reduction exceeds values reported for a 20-million-year-old amber and another amorphous fluoropolymer and is below the putative Kauzmann temperature TK for the material as related to TVFT. These results challenge the importance of the Kauzmann paradox in glass-formation and illustrates a powerful method for the exploration of material dynamics deep in the glassy state (Tf < T < Tg).
Urinary bio-monitoring of aromatic amine derivatives by new needle trap device packed with the multi-component adsorbent
Authors: Rahimpoor Razzagh , Murtada Khaled , Firoozichahak Ali , Pashaei Babak , Soleymani-ghoozhdi Danial , Serkan Houman , Mehregan Faeze , Alizadeh Saber
Published: March 2023

Aromatic amines are a large group of chemical compounds that have attracted the attention of researchers due to their toxicity and carcinogenicity. This study aimed to develop an efficient method for sampling and analysis of aromatic amines (Aniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, 2-chloroaniline, and 3-chloroaniline) from the vapour phase (headspace) of urine samples. For the implementation of this plan, a needle trap device packed with the three-component adsorbent consisting of nano-Hydroxy Apatite (nHA), Zeolite (Ze), and Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) equipped with GC-FID was employed for the first phase. Examination of the prepared adsorbents was performed by FT-IR, PXRD, and FE-SEM techniques. The optimal value of considerable parameters such as time and temperature of extraction, salt content, and pH were established using the Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RMS-CCD) method. In this way, the optimal extraction of targeted analytes was accomplished in 41 min at 41 °C with NaCl content of 33.0% (w/v) and pH: 13.0, respectively. Also, the repeatability and reproducibility of the method were calculated to be in the range of 2.2–7.1% and 3.9–8.1%, respectively, which indicates the acceptable precision of the method. Also, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined in the range of 0.3–32.0 ng.L−1 and 0.8–350.0 ng.L−1, respectively, which proves the high sensitivity of the proposed method. Furthermore, the recovery percent of the extracted analytes was concluded in the range of 97.0–99.0% after 6 and 30 days of the sampling and storage at 25 °C and 4 °C, respectively. Finally, the designed procedure was employed in the analysis of the above-mentioned aromatic amines in the real urine samples. The achieved results illustrate that the three-component absorbent system (nHA;Ze;MOF@NTD) can be introduced as an efficient, fast-response, sensitive, and versatile procedure for trace analysis of the different aromatic amine compounds in public and occupational health.
Histological and transcriptomic analysis of muscular atrophy associated with depleted flesh pigmentation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to elevated seawater temperatures
Authors: Vo Thu Thi Minh , Amoroso Gianluca , Ventura Tomer , Elizur Abigail
Published: March 2023

Tasmania is experiencing increasing seawater temperatures during the summer period which often leads to thermal stress-induced starvation events in farmed Atlantic salmon, with consequent flesh pigment depletion. Our previous transcriptomic studies found a link between flesh pigmentation and the expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism accompanied by feeding behavior in the hindgut. However, the impact of prolonged exposure to elevated water temperature on muscle structural integrity and molecular mechanisms in muscle underlying pigment variation has not been elucidated to date. In this study, we investigated the effect of prolonged exposure to elevated water temperature on the farmed salmon flesh pigmentation and structural integrity, using muscle histological and transcriptomic analysis. On April 2019, after the end of the summer, two muscle regions of the fish fillet, front dorsal and back central (usually the most and least affected by depletion, respectively), were sampled from fifteen fish (weighing approximately 2 kg and belonging to the same commercial population split in two cages). The fish represented three flesh color intensity groups (n = 5 fish per group) categorized according to general level of pigmentation and presence of banding (i.e. difference in color between the two regions of interest) as follows: high red color-no banding (HN), high red color-banded (HB) and Pale fish. Histological analysis showed a distinction between the flesh color intensity phenotypes in both muscle regions. Muscle fibers in the HB fish were partly degraded, while they were atrophied and smaller in size in Pale fish compared to HN fish. In the Pale fish, interstitial spaces between muscle fibers were also enlarged. Transcriptomic analysis showed that in the front dorsal region of the HN fish, genes encoding collagens, calcium ion binding and metabolic processes were upregulated while genes related to lipid and fatty acid metabolism were downregulated when compared to HB fish. When comparing the back central region of the three phenotypes, actin alpha skeletal muscle and myosin genes were upregulated in the HN and HB fish, while tropomyosin genes were upregulated in the Pale fish. Also, genes encoding heat shock proteins were upregulated in the HN fish, while genes involving lipid metabolism and proteolysis were upregulated in the Pale fish. Starvation, likely caused by thermal stress during prolonged periods of elevated summer water temperatures, negatively affects energy metabolism to different extents, leading to localized or almost complete flesh color depletion in farmed Atlantic salmon. Based on our results, we conclude that thermal stress is responsible not only for flesh discoloration but also for loss of muscle integrity, which likely plays a key role in pigment depletion.
Single-shot wavelength-multiplexed phase microscopy under Gabor regime in a regular microscope embodiment
Authors: Micó Vicente , Rogalski Mikołaj , Picazo-Bueno José Ángel , Trusiak Maciej
Published: March 2023

Phase imaging microscopy under Gabor regime has been recently reported as an extremely simple, low cost and compact way to update a standard bright-field microscope with coherent sensing capabilities. By inserting coherent illumination in the microscope embodiment and producing a small defocus distance of the sample at the input plane, the digital sensor records an in-line Gabor hologram of the target sample, which is then numerically post-processed to finally achieve the sample’s quantitative phase information. However, the retrieved phase distribution is affected by the two well-known drawbacks when dealing with Gabor’s regime, that is, coherent noise and twin image disturbances. Here, we present a single-shot technique based on wavelength multiplexing for mitigating these two effects. A multi-illumination laser source (including 3 diode lasers) illuminates the sample and a color digital sensor (conventional RGB color camera) is used to record the wavelength-multiplexed Gabor hologram in a single exposure. The technique is completed by presenting a novel algorithm based on a modified Gerchberg–Saxton kernel to finally retrieve an enhanced quantitative phase image of the sample, enhanced in terms of coherent noise removal and twin image minimization. Experimental validations are performed in a regular Olympus BX-60 upright microscope using a 20X 0.46NA objective lens and considering static (resolution test targets) and dynamic (living spermatozoa) phase samples.
Both whole-body rotation and visual flow induce cardiovascular autonomic response in human, but visual response is overridden by vestibular stimulation
Authors: Kuldavletova O. , Denise P. , Normand H. , Quarck G. , Etard O.
Published: March 2023

While the influence of the vestibular and extra-vestibular gravity signals on the cardiovascular system has been demonstrated, there is little evidence that visual stimuli can trigger cardiovascular responses. Furthermore, there is no evidence of interaction between visual and vestibular signals in autonomic control, as would be expected since they are highly integrated. The present study explored the cardiovascular responses to vestibular and visual stimuli in normal subjects. We hypothesized that the visual stimuli would modify the cardiovascular response to vestibular stimulation, especially when the latter is ambiguous with respect to gravity. Off-Vertical-Axis-Rotation (OVAR) was used to stimulate vestibular and extra-vestibular receptors of gravity in 36 healthy young adults while virtual reality was used for visual stimulation. Arterial pressure (AP), respiratory rate and ECG were measured. The analysis accounted for the respiratory modulation of AP and heart rate (HR). Vestibular stimulation by OVAR was shown to modulate both mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR, while the visual stimulation was significantly affecting HR modulation, but not MAP. Moreover, the specific visual effect was present only when the subjects were not in rotation. Therefore, visual stimulation is able to modulate the heart rate, but is overridden by vestibular stimulation due to real movement.
A three-plasma miRNA panel predicts the risk of colorectal cancer: a community-based nested case‒control study
Authors: Liu Jia , Chen Binglin , Yang Man , Qian Yun , Shen Qian , Chen Hai , Dong Yunqiu , Wang Lu , Jiao Jiandong
Published: March 2023

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered potential markers for the early detection of malignant colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to identify a group of miRNAs for the early detection of CRC and assess their predictive ability in a community-based population in China. A nested case‒control study consisting of 97 incident colorectal cancer cases and 103 frequency-matched healthy controls was conducted. The data were randomly assigned into a training set (60%) and a test set (40%). We selected and detected 10 kinds of miRNAs in plasma samples. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify miRNAs associated with colorectal cancer risk in the training set and test set. Then, we evaluated the predictive ability of the identified miRNAs by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). In this study, three miRNAs (miRNA-29a, miRNA-125b, miRNA-145) were significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk in both the training set and test set. The sensitivity of the identified miRNAs ranged from 0.854 to 0.961. After adding the identified miRNAs, the AUC (area under the curve) value significantly increased from 0.61 to 0.71 compared with the basic model consisting of only basic demographic information. We identified a three-plasma miRNA signature that may serve as a novel non-invasive biomarker in early CRC detection and in predicting individual CRC risk in the generation population.
Surface modifications by wet oxidation method removing getter layer in crystalline silicon cells
Authors: Zhang Geng , Ji Genhua , Bao Jie , Chen Cheng , Sim Seunghwan , Du Zheren
Published: March 2023

The wet oxidation method could gently reduce the dislocation and improve impurities getter efficiency in the process of oxidizing PRL to PSG. Although wet oxidation could cause some damage, the final result (PCE) is still improved.
Efficient photo-assisted Fenton-like reaction of yolk–shell CuSe(Cu2Se)/g-C3N4 heterojunctions for methylene blue degradation
Authors: Liu ChangSheng , Xue ShaoLin
Published: March 2023

CuSe(Cu2Se)/g-C3N4 is used to degrade methylene blue as a photosynergistic Fenton catalytic material.
Humidity-driven degradation of sputtered molybdenum oxide and molybdenum–titanium-oxide thin films
Authors: Goetz Selina , Edinger Stefan , Linke Christian , Franzke Enrico , Winkler Jörg , Valtiner Markus , Dimopoulos Theodoros
Published: March 2023

IR measurements reveal the enhanced hydrolysis resistance of molybdenum titanium oxide compared to molybdenum oxide when exposed to controlled humidity conditions.
FDU-12-C encapsulatedt-Bu(R,R)CoII(salen) as a cathode catalyst for asymmetric electrocarboxylation of 1-phenylethyl chloride with CO2
Authors: Wang Ying , Xiong Rui , Wang Le-Ting , Liu Hua , Lu Jia-Xing , Wang Huan
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of high value-added organic carboxylic acids, especially chiral carboxylic acids, from the electrochemical fixation of CO2with organic molecules under mild conditions is very important and challenging.
Stereoselective [2 + 2] photodimerization: a viable strategy for the synthesis of enantiopure cyclobutane derivatives
Authors: Medici Fabrizio , Puglisi Alessandra , Rossi Sergio , Raimondi Laura , Benaglia Maurizio
Published: March 2023

A light-driven stereoselective reaction afforded functionalised cyclobutanes in good yields and in up to 99% enantiomeric excess.
Integration of CO2capture, activation, and conversion with a ternary acetylglucosyl 2-methyl-imidazolium modified Pd catalyst
Authors: Zhou Zhong-Gao , He Peng , Li Jing , Zhang Jia , Xu Guo-Hai , Zhang Shi-Yong , Deng Xiao-Xiao , Du Zi-Yi , Luo Guo-Tian , Zhen Hong-Yu , Chen Yi-Wang , He Chun-Ting
Published: March 2023

High-efficiency ternary acetylglucosyl 2-methyl-imidazolium modified Pd catalyst for integration of CO2 capture, activation, and conversion in carboxycyclization of propargyl amines and dilute CO2 with a record TOF of 1440 h−1has been developed.
Magnetism in curved VSe2 monolayers
Authors: Mi Kexin , Guo Yufeng
Published: March 2023

The curvature-induced periodic fluctuation in the magnetic moments and bond length deviations of V atoms and the occurrence of charge density waves for curved VSe2 monolayers.
Assembly and manipulation of responsive and flexible colloidal structures by magnetic and capillary interactions
Authors: Basu Abhirup , Okello Lilian B. , Castellanos Natasha , Roh Sangchul , Velev Orlin D.
Published: March 2023

The long-ranged interactions induced by magnetic fields and capillary forces in multiphasic fluid–particle systems facilitate the assembly of a rich variety of colloidal structures and materials.
Fusing a machine learning strategy with density functional theory to hasten the discovery of 2D MXene-based catalysts for hydrogen generation
Authors: Abraham B. Moses , Sinha Priyanka , Halder Prosun , Singh Jayant K.
Published: March 2023

We establish a robust and broadly applicable multistep workflow using machine learning algorithms to construct well-trained data-driven models for predicting the hydrogen evolution reaction activity of 4500 MM′XT2-type MXenes.
Amorphous NiB2for electroreduction of NO to NH3
Authors: Chen Kai , Tian Ye , Li Yunhe , Liu Yaping , Chu Ke
Published: March 2023

Amorphous NiB2is demonstrated as an efficient metal diboride catalyst for electrochemical NO reduction to NH3(NORR), which is attributed to the active Ni sites which accelerate NORR energetics and retard the hydrogen evolution.
A functional study of zinc–titanium coatings and exploration of the intrinsic correlation between angiogenesis and osteogenesis
Authors: Yu Lei , Yin Yuanchen , Guo Zhaoyang , Fei Yifan , Wen Xutao , Wang Jiajia , Sun Haishui , Hu Jingzhou , Jin Shanliang
Published: March 2023

Zinc–titanium coating has good pro-angiogenic and osteoinductive ability. The extracellular factors secreted by BMSCs and HUVECs under the effect of zinc ions facilitated the functional differentiation of each other.
Constructing high-performance low-temperature curable PI materials by manipulating the side group effects of diamine
Authors: Huang Shan , Lv Xialei , Zhang Yao , Li Jinhui , Zhou Shilu , Qiu Siyao , He Zimeng , Wang Tao , Zhang Guoping , Sun Rong
Published: March 2023

To date, low-temperature curable polyimide (PI) materials have been in great demand in the field of advanced packaging.
Diverse modes regulated photoresponse and high-resolution imaging based on van der Waals semimetal PtTe2/semiconductor MoTe2 junctions
Authors: Huang Ying , Yu He , Gao Wei , Wen Peiting , Liu Zihao , Wang Hanyu , Zhang Menglong , Li Jingbo
Published: March 2023

Device structure, photoresponsivity, diverse modes regulated photoresponse and high-resolution imaging based on van der Waals semimetal PtTe2/semiconductor MoTe2 junctions.
The Modified Barium Swallow Study and Esophageal Screening: A Survey of Clinical Practice Patterns
Authors: Watts Stephanie , Gaziano Joy , Kumar Ambuj , Richter Joel
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Modified barium swallow study (MBSS) is a videofluoroscopic evaluation of oropharyngeal swallowing. Views of esophageal bolus flow during MBSS are permitted under speech-language pathology practice guidelines. However, controversy exists over its implementation. Poor consensus and limited practice guidance may lead to clinical practice variations. Aims of the investigation were to (a) describe current practice patterns of speech-language pathologist visualizing bolus flow through the esophagus during the MBSS, (b) understand areas of variation when incorporating esophageal visualization during the MBSS, and (c) determine clinicians' willingness to modify MBSS procedures to include esophageal imaging.

Method:

A web-based survey (Qualtrics XM) consisting of 26 questions was distributed via web posting and e-mail to members of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Special Interest Group 13 and Dysphagia Café. The survey was open for 3 months. Descriptive and associative statistics were completed. Field-testing was performed prior to dissemination of the survey to address content validity.

Results:

A total of 321 individuals participated; 265 responses were used for analysis. Ninety-three percent of respondents viewed the esophagus during the MBSS. Twelve percent followed to the proximal esophagus, 15% to the mid esophagus, 66% to the lower esophagus, and 6% to varied levels. Variability was also reported in contrast type, volume administered, and nomenclature used. Interestingly, few people (3.61%) disagreed that esophageal visualization should be performed during MBSS.

Conclusions:

Speech-language pathology respondents in this study visualize contrast flow through the esophagus and are enthusiastic about expanding the standard MBSS. However, results of the survey demonstrate a lack of uniformity in assessment practices. Unfortunately, this may impact the diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility when adding esophageal visualization to the MBSS. This study highlights the need for a standardized protocol and identifies current barriers and controversies that may prevent expanding the MBSS to more comprehensively evaluate individuals with dysphagia.
Hardware‐assisted remote attestation design for critical embedded systems
Authors: Geden Munir , Rasmussen Kasper
Published: March 2023

Remote attestation, as a challenge‐response protocol, enables a trusted entity, called verifier, to ask a potentially infected device, called prover, to provide integrity assurance about its internal state. Remote attestation is becoming increasingly vital for embedded systems that serve in many critical domains, as part of health, military, transportation and industry services, but still lack the most security features available to high‐end systems. In most attestation techniques, the prover provides a cryptographic checksum of its static memory contents, that is, code segments, to the verifier when requested to demonstrate that the device is loaded with the right software. However, those measurements are subject to two limitations. First, they cannot guarantee that the prover has always had legitimate software in the memory prior to attestation. This is because occasional measurements, triggered by the verifier, still leave the device vulnerable to the compromise between two attestation windows as a time‐of‐check‐to‐time‐of‐use (TOCTOU) problem. Second, including dynamic memory regions in the checksum calculation is not helpful in practice, since the verifier typically does not know what those regions should contain or which checksums should be accepted as valid. Hence, many attack scenarios residing in those dynamic regions (e.g. stack) would also go unnoticed. To reveal attack scenarios exploiting the memory regions and time windows left unattested, we propose an attestation scheme that can continuously monitor both static and dynamic memory regions with better spatial and temporal attestation coverage. Our monitoring mechanism is designed to be performed in real time using a novel hardware security module (HSM) connected to the prover's system bus. The proposed HSM monitors not only the integrity of the code on the prover but also its execution by checking the compliance of the bits seen on the bus according to a runtime integrity model (RIM) of the prover's software. Therefore, our attestation scheme is capable of reporting scenarios that violate both the (static) code and (dynamic) runtime integrity since the deployment time.
Analysis of 5G channel loss and its influencing factors in substation based on ray tracing algorithm
Authors: Li Yifeng , Wang Shuang , Tang Bo , Zhang Longbin , Shang Zhiyu , Liu Xingfa
Published: March 2023

5G (fifth generation) signals have small coverage and poor stability, and 5G channels are prone to loss in substations densely populated with metal equipment. Due to the particularity of the spatial layout in the substation, traditional physical or statistical channel models cannot accurately calculate the 5G channel loss in the substation. Therefore, this paper introduces the basic idea of ray tracing algorithm for studying ray propagation. Based on the geometric optics theory of ray propagation, the effective channel path of 5G signal in substation is found. Through the electromagnetic reflection theory and consistent diffraction theory, the energy loss caused by signal reflection and diffraction is calculated. Combined with the relationship between the free space loss of 5G signal on the transceiver path and the change of electric field, the solution method of 5G channel loss in substation is deduced. According to this method, (the influence of signal receiver height, 5G antenna height and its spatial position in horizontal and vertical directions on 5G channel loss of substation is studied in turn. By optimizing the layout of communication facilities according to the influence law, the reliability of 5G channel in substation can be realized).
A multi-wavelength view of the multiple activity cycles of ϵ Eridani
Authors: Fuhrmeister B. , Coffaro M. , Stelzer B. , Mittag M. , Czesla S. , Schneider P. C.
Published: March 2023

ϵ Eridani is a highly active young K2 star with an activity cycle of about 3 yr established using Ca II H& K line index measurements (SMWO). This relatively short cycle has been demonstrated to be consistent with X-ray and magnetic flux measurements. Recent work suggested a change in the cyclic behaviour. Here, we report new X-ray flux and SMWO measurements and also include SMWO measurements from the historical Mount Wilson program. This results in an observational time baseline of over 50 yr for the SMWO data and of over 7 yr in X-rays. Moreover, we include Ca II infrared triplet (IRT) index measurements (SCa IRT) from 2013 to 2022 in our study. With the extended X-ray data set, we can now detect the short cycle for the first time using a periodogram analysis. Near-simultaneous SMWO data and X-ray fluxes, which are offset by 20 days at most, are moderately strongly correlated when only the lowest activity state (concerning short-term variability) is considered in both diagnostics. In the SMWO data, we find strong evidence for a much longer cycle of about 34 yr and an 11-yr cycle instead of the formerly proposed 12-yr cycle in addition to the known 3-yr cycle. The superposition of the three periods naturally explains the recent drop in SMWO measurements. The two shorter cycles are also detected in the SCa IRT data, although the activity cycles exhibit lower amplitudes in the SCa IRT than in the SMWO data. Finally, the rotation period of ϵ Eri can be found more frequently in the SMWO as well as in the SCa IRT data for times near the minimum of the long cycle. This may be explained by a scenario in which the filling factor for magnetically active regions near cycle maximum is too high to allow for notable short-term variations.
Beef cattle farming with a shepherd system in Indonesia
Authors: Amam Amam , Asepriyadi Asepriyadi , Ridhillah Mohamad Farid , Rusdiana Supardi , Praharani Lisa , Priyatno Tri Puji
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the economic efficiency of beef cattle farming with a shepherd system. The study was conducted in Sukabumi District, West Java Regency in 2020. The research respondents were beef cattle farmers with a shepherd system, as many as 25 people. Data were collected using observation and survey methods. The survey was conducted by interview and filling out questionnaires. Data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive, economical analysis, and t test. The results showed that the profit of beef cattle business with a shepherd system was $ 609.82/head/year with an R/C ratio of 1.7. Factors that affect the profits of farmers are the price of feed and labor. The conclusion of the study shows that the beef cattle farming with a shepherd system is feasible to be developed.
Implementation of extension program planning on cattle farmers in Padang City West Sumatra
Authors: Anas A. , Ediset E. , Alianta A.A.
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to identify the implementation of extension program planning on cattle farmers in Padang City, West Sumatra. It conducted with a survey method. The respondent was the cattle farmers who had already received transfer innovation related to raising cattle by Extension Officers. It determined sixty farmers from six districts in Padang City. The data obtained with the questionnaire then analysed descriptive quantitatively and presented in percentages. The result showed the implementation of extension program planning of data collecting 11.67% implemented, state analysis 61.67% implemented, problems identification 61.67% implemented, goal formalisations 36.67% implemented, plan formation 50.00% implemented, activities conducted 100% implemented, activities progress evaluation 95.00% implemented, and reconsideration 36.67% implemented. It concluded that the implementation extension program planning on cattle farmers in Padang City are not implemented well.
In vitrodigestibility and rumen pH of diet comprised by different level ofIndigofera zollingerianaandPennisetum purpureum
Authors: Badarina Irma , Dwatmadji Dwatmadji , Rapelino Rapi
Published: March 2023

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of different levels ofIndigofera zollingerianaandPennisetum purpureum cv. Mott on the in vitro digestibility and rumen pH. The treatments were T1=60%Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott, T2 = 45%Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott + 15% Indigofera zollingeriana, T3 = 30%Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott + 30% Indigofera zollingeriana, T4 = 15%Pennisetum purpureum cv. Mott + 45%Indigofera zollingeriana,and T5 = 60%Indigofera zollingeriana. All the treatments supplied with rice bran 40%. The result showed that there are no significant difference on ruminal pH (P>0.05). The ruminal pH were in normal range that were 6.66-6.73. The increasing level ofIndigofera zollingerianatoPennisetum purpureum cv. Mott had no significant effect to dry matter and organic matter digestibility. The dry matter digestibility were around 60,56%-70.46% while the organic matter digestibility were around 60.01%-65.99%. This research indicated that the increasing level of Indigofera could decrease the digestibility. The treatment T4 (15% P.purpureum+ 45%Indigofera zollingeriana) showed the highest digestibility values.
Using garlic (Allium sativum) as a feed additive can help hybrid ducks lose belly fat
Authors: Nova T. D. , Zein R. , Arlin T. I.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the effects of using garlic (Allium sativum) as a feed addition at various percentages on hybrid ducks' performance, energy usage, carcass, and belly fat. In this investigation, 80 was a randomized block design (RBD) with 5 replications and treatments. Treatments with garlic flour included A (0%), B (0.5%), C (1%), and D (1.5%). Energy consumption, carcass percentage, and belly fat percentage were the variables that were measured. The findings demonstrated that the performance, energy consumption, and carcass percentage of hybrid ducks were not significantly affected by the use of garlic flour as a feed addition at various percentages. Yet there was a hybrid ducks' belly fat showed a significant influence (Pandlt;0.05), however the study's findings revealed that adding garlic meal at a 0.5% percentage had the best effects on calorie intake. Using garlic meal, 1.0%.
Increasing the quantity and quality of potatoes by utilizing seed size and fish organic fertilizer
Authors: Marpaung A.E. , Karo B. , Barus S. , Hutabarat R.C. , Tarigan R.
Published: March 2023

Potato plants are one of the vegetables that are in great demand by consumers so they have high economic value and needs. The fulfillment of high needs must be accompanied by increased productivity. Increased potato production can be done, among others, by the use of seeds and proper fertilization. This study aims to determine the use of seed size and addition of fish organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer efficiency in increasing potato growth and yield. The study is carried out from June until September 2019 in research and assessment installation of agricultural technology, Dolat Rayat District, Karo Regency. The research placed altitude is ± 1,340 m above sea level, and the soil type is Andisol. The research design is a factorial randomized block and consists of three replications. The first-factor treatment is seed size (big >20 g, medium 5-20 g, small <5 g). The second factor is a fish organic fertilizer with efficiency inorganic fertilizer (100% inorganic fertilizer, 50% fish organic fertilizer + 75% inorganic fertilizer, 100% fish organic fertilizer + 50% inorganic fertilizer, and 150% fish organic fertilizer + 25% inorganic fertilizer). The result showed that big and medium seed sizes were able to increase potato growth and yield. Big and medium seed sizes were able to increase plant height by 11.06% and 9.63%, 5,73%, and 4,64% canopy width, 7.30%, and 11.10% leaf area index, and 12.62% and 25.06% yields from small seed size. Adding fish fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer efficiency resulted in growth and yield which is no different from the application of 100% inorganic fertilizer.
Protocorm Like Bodies (PLBs) dendrobium orchid “Gatton Sunray”
Authors: Romeida A. , Ganefianti D.W. , Marlin M. , Sudjatmiko S. , Hairani P.M. , Herawati R. , Rustikawati R. , Supanjani S.
Published: March 2023

The Dendrobium Orchid Gatton Sunray is a hybrid orchid of Dendrobium pulchellum × Dendrobium illustre. A study was aimed to find the best type of medium and type of banana for the multiplication of Protocorm-Like Bodies (PLBs) of this orchid. This research was conducted from February to September 2020 at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Bengkulu. Treatments included type of media and cultivar of ripe banana fruit, added as source of organic complex, consisted of 4 cultivars, namely Ambon Curup, Kepok, Tanduk and Mas. Ripe bananas were mashed and added to the in vitro medium as much as 50 g.L-1. Types of media consist of Murashige and Skoog (MS), ½ Doses of Murashige and Skoog (MS) media, and Complex of fertilizer media. The results showed that the ½ MS medium added with 50 g.L-1 cv. Kepok fruit produced the greatest multiplication (11.8 PLBs per jar), the best growth of PLBs, including the greatest PLBs number (28.5 PLBs per jar), the heaviest fresh weight (1.30 g per jar) and the longest PLBs (2.56 cm).
Uniformity test of the upland rice lines F8 from crosses of local Bangka rice and lodging resistance superior varieties in Belitung Regency
Authors: Mustikarini E.D. , Prayoga G.I. , Santi R. , Evita E.
Published: March 2023

Lodging on plant rice can lead to reduces yields. Developing rice varieties with lodging resistance can do through the breeding activities. Crossing between local Bangka rice and lodging resistance superior varieties have been carried out and obtained F8 lines of upland rice. Before releasing the rice lines released into varieties, it must meet the high uniformity criteria. This research aims to determine the uniformity level of F8 upland rice lines. This research was conducted using an experimental method. The design used a randomized block design with 10 treatments (5 F8 lines and 5 comparison varieties). The F8 lines used 19I-06-09-23-03, 21B-57-21-21-23, 23F-04-10-18-18, 23A-56-20-07-20 and 23A-56-22-20-05. The comparison varieties used i.e. Danau Gaung, Inpago 8, Inpago 12, Rindang and PBM UBB 1. The research data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive, variability test, uniformity test, and Least Significant Increase (LSI) test. The result showed that F8 lines of upland rice had narrow genotypic and phenotypic variability values in all characters observed. The percentage of uniformity was obtained in the range between 83.3-100%. It shows that the F8 lines had a high uniformity. F8 lines of 19I-06-09-23-03, 21B-57-21-21-23, 23F-04-10-18-18, and 23A-56-20-07-20 showed 100% uniformity level in plant height, flag leaf length, panicle length, productive tillers number, and filled grains number. The result of LSI test obtained 23A-56-22-20-05 and 23A-56-20-07-20 lines are better than the comparison varieties.
Determinant factors of entrepreneurship intention to Robusta coffee business around students
Authors: Novanda Ridha Rizki , Salamah Umi , Ulma Riri Oktari
Published: March 2023

The entrepreneurial intention of students is the main factor that will be used as output in carrying out a job in addition to the ability of students. Behind the superiority of the Robusta coffee commodity, it turns out that the downstream sector of Robusta coffee still has problems in developing this commodity, namely the limited innovation in processed coffee products to be used as entrepreneurial products. So that this study aims to analyze the determinants of the entrepreneurial intention of processing Robusta coffee in Bengkulu university students. The research was conducted on students who intend to do entrepreneurship at Bengkulu University. The selection of the respondent group was done purposively because processed coffee is the product that is most in demand by young people in Bengkulu Province. The number of respondents needed is 100 student respondents. The data that has been collected is then analyzed quantitatively. Analysis is conducted using a different test model approach and Partial Least Square as well as descriptive analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that attitude had a significant effect on intention with a significance value of 0.015. Meanwhile subjective norms and behavioral control have no significant effect with significance values of 0.573 and 0.482. Attitude Toward the Behavior refers to the extent to which individuals judge something that is favorable and unfavorable. This factor is a crucial factor for an entrepreneur.
Strategy analysis of social capital and intellectual capital in increasing empowerment of rice farmer groups in Kuok district Kampar Regency
Authors: Muwardi Didi , Kurnia Deby , Kausar Kausar , Rosnita Rosnita , Rizkita Sinta
Published: March 2023

Social capital and intellectual capital become the determining factors in increasing the empowerment of farmer groups, including farmers' groups for rice commodities. Rice is the main commodity in Kuok District with the largest planted area, harvested area, and total production in 2020. The objectives of this study are; 1) Identify the forms of social and intellectual capital in farmer groups, and 2). Formulate social and intellectual capital strategies in increasing the empowerment of farmer groups. The research was conducted in Kuok District, Riau Province. Respondents were determined by purposive sampling consisting of a rice farmer who became the chairman, and two members who were actively involved in group activities. The data analysis used is the Likert scale analysis, and Analytical Hierarchy Process. The results showed; The condition of social capital of rice farmer groups in Kuok District is at a moderate level with an intensity of 50.97 percent, whereas the same category is also found in intellectual capital with an intensity level of 51.93 percent. The level of empowerment of rice farmer groups in Kuok District is included in the "powerless" category with an intensity level of 35.15 percent. The strategy to increase empowerment through social capital and intellectual capital which is carried out in farmer groups is carried out with the main priority being directed to a pilot project that is managed by 1 (one) farmer group as a pilot accompanied by extension workers and other related institutions and can then be adopted by farmer groups other.
Packaging design as a marketing and branding strategy for Kampar pineapple chips products
Authors: Pramana A. , Kurniawan M.A. , Zamaya Y. , Ningsih A.R. , Sutikno A. , Kurnia D. , Yunita I. , Suhada N. , Juarsa R.P. , Metananda A.A. , Hasnah N. , Pebrian S. , Hamzah F.H.
Published: March 2023

Pineapple is a popular crop in the peatlands of Riau province. One of the centers for pineapple production in Riau Province is Kualu Nanas Village, Tambang District, Kampar Regency. Pineapple is processed into chips, one of Riau Province's typical souvenirs. The pineapple chip industry in Kampar Regency faces various obstacles, such as very simple product packaging, short shelf life, varied or negotiable prices, and sub-optimal distribution and marketing. This study aimed to analyze marketing strategies and update the packaging design of pineapple chips to increase sales of pineapple chips. This research uses quantitative descriptive analysis methods (IFE and EFE matrix analysis) and qualitative descriptive analysis (SWOT analysis). Primary data was collected by survey method through interviews and field observations, while secondary data was collected by literature study. The IFE matrix has a score of 2.6165, while the matrix EFE score is 2,5195. One of the results of formulating the pineapple chips marketing strategy is the renewal of the packaging design and improving product marketing through digital marketing.
The prospect of kemiri sunan (Reutalis trisperma B. airy shaw) development as a source of bio-oil from inedible crops
Authors: Herman M. , Hafif B. , Ferry Y. , Aunillah A. , Firdaus N.K. , Listyati D. , Pranowo D.
Published: March 2023

Kemiri Sunan [Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw] is a crop oil-producing plant with great potential as a source of raw materials for the oleochemical, biofuels, and other derivate product industries. Here, we focus on the prospect and potential of the kemiri sunan plant as a potential source of biofuel from inedible crops. The main potential lies in the fruit, which a dry seed production rate of 10-15 tons/ha/year or equivalent to about 8 tonnes of crude oil/ha/yr or about 7 tonnes of biodiesel/ha/yr. This uniqueness can be used as a source of raw materials for biofuel and other chemical industries that do not compete with crop oils for food. However, its current development in Indonesia is still constrained by the availability of land. The alternative that can be taken is to utilize unproductive land, including sub-optimal land, ex-mining land, and other degraded lands. Constraints of limited land for the development of kemiri sunan can be overcome by utilizing less productive lands, including ex-mining land, dry climate dry land, and reservoir buffer land. The condition of the land is sufficient to support the growth and development of the kemiri sunan plant which is quite good. The plant's character is in the form of a tree with a shady leaf crown and a deep root system that makes this plant very useful as a conservation plant on these lands.
The effectiveness of liquid biofertilizer from waste bioconversion using black soldier fly larvae on the growth of arabica coffee seedlings
Authors: Sakiroh Sakiroh , Sasmita Kurnia Dewi , Firdaus Nur Kholis , Rokhmah Dewi Nur , Pranowo Dibyo , Saefudin Saefudin
Published: March 2023

The organic waste treatment process using Black Soldier Larvae (BSF) produces liquid biofertilizer (LB) that contains functional microbes and macro and micronutrients that potentially can stimulate plant growth. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of liquid biofertilizer from waste bioconversion by BSF on the growth of arabica coffee seedlings. The experiment used a randomized block design with 7 treatments, which consisted of: no treatment (control), 1.5% LB spraying, 3% LB spraying, 6% LB spraying, 3% LB watering, 6% LB watering, and 12% LB watering, with 4 replications and each replication containing 10 plants. All treatments were given once a month, to the 1-month-old seedlings. The test results showed that the application of LB significantly increased stem diameter and the number of leaves of Arabica coffee seedlings 4 months after application (MAA). In seedlings aged 4 MAA, spraying 6% LB resulted in the highest increase in stem diameter, while the highest number of leaves was obtained from watering 3% LB. Additionally, in 12 months old seedlings, Arabica coffee's highest fresh shoot weight was obtained by spraying 1.5% LB compared to other treatments.