bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immune Checkpoint Therapeutics for Today’s Fight and Beyond
Authors: Yeh* Chen
Published: October 2024

An important hallmark of cancer is its ability to escape immune surveillance by developing several immunological barriers. These include a plethora of mechanisms that either dampen immune cell functionality, or foster tumor cell resistance towards immune attack. Immunotherapeutic strategies, such as immune checkpoint (IC) blockade, have emerged as promising therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. However, the majority of tumor patients are refractory to current immune therapeutic tools, emphasizing the need to identify more key players that could radically improve immunotherapy efficacy. The variability of patients’ responses to immunotherapy can be ascribed to a differential immune signature across different tumors. Therapeutic strategies that reinforce the immune system against cancer are opposed by the numerous immune modulatory mechanisms exploited by the tumor and its microenvironment. This review aimed to achieve a comprehensive overview of tumor immunological features by untravelling the key arsenal of immune modulators expressed by tumor cells.
The Effectiveness of Online Learning Through Google Classroom to Improve the Learning Achievement
Authors: Sihombing Lisbet Novianti , Ambarita Prini Desima Evawani
Published: October 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic, popular applications used by lecturers were applications provided by the campus as well as third-party applications such as Whatsapp, Google Classroom, or Webex. The use of the Google Classroom application has several weaknesses, among others, it can only be accessed by a Google account and there is no notification that the material submitted has been read in full by students so that the effectiveness of Google Classroom is still in doubt. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of online learning through Google Classroom to improve achievement. learning entrepreneurship for fifth grade elementary school students. This type of research is quantitative research with quantitative descriptive data analysis. The population of this research is 70 students of public elementary school. The data collection technique used is a questionnaire. The hypothesis testing technique uses simple linear analysis, regression linearity and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that online learning through google classroom was effective in improving the entrepreneurship learning achievement of fifth grade elementary school students. This means that it is known that 60% of online learning through google classroom is effective for improving entrepreneurial learning achievement, while the remaining 40% of online learning through google classroom is not effective from other factors not examined in this study.
Inquiry Model: How to Improve the Ability of the Nature of Science and Its Aspects in Elementary School?
Authors: Kelana Jajang Bayu , Robandi Babang , Widodo Ari
Published: October 2024

The nature of science and is something that is very important to be taught in elementary schools. In the field there are not many studies that involve learning models in an effort to develop the nature of science, both from the dimension its aspects and the nature of science itself. The purpose of this research is to reveal how the inquiry model affects the ability of the nature of science and its aspects of students in elementary school. The method used is quantitative with a pre-experimental pre-test and post-test one group design. The subjects of this study were fifth grade elementary school students with a sample of 36 students. The instruments in this study used test questions (products), student observation sheets (process) and questionnaires (attitudes). The results showed that the P-value = 0,000 < 0,05. So H1 is accepted. Thus, learning with the inquiry model significantly increases the product dimensions (cognitive) of students in elementary schools. The measurement of process dimensions through observation has an average value of 58.2% and is in the sufficient category. To measure the dimensions of attitude using a questionnaire in measuring the 10 basic properties its aspects, data analysis is on good criteria. In general, the inquiry model can have an influence on the ability of the nature of science and its aspects of students in elementary schools. For further research, it can be developed using other models/approaches/strategies/methods, in order to improve students' ability to the nature of science and its aspects.
Thematic Learning Based on Critical Thinking Skills using Blended Learning System in Elementary School
Authors: Triyanto Joko , Sukarno Sukarno , Kurniawan Sandra Bayu
Published: October 2024

Learning during a pandemic requires innovation so that learning runs well and can develop students' critical thinking skills. One of the learning innovations is applying a blended learning system in thematic learning. This study aimed to analyze the planning, implementation, and thematic learning outcomes based on critical thinking skills using a blended learning system for fifth-grade students in elementary schools. This type of research is descriptive qualitative using a case study approach with a subject of 37 fifth grade elementary school students. Data collection techniques in this study through direct observation, interviews, and documentation in the form of data related to research to strengthen the information. The data that has been collected is then grouped and validated by source triangulation and triangulation techniques. The data is analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are 1) Planning of thematic learning based on critical thinking skills with a BLS begins with the preparation of curriculum documentation, socialization, then IHT (In House Training) activities, and the preparation of syllabus and Learning Implementation Plans (RPP) thematic based on critical thinking skills. 2) Implementation of thematic learning based on critical thinking skills with a blended learning system combining face-to-face learning and online learning that can accommodate students' critical thinking skills through a series of applied learning activities. 3) The results of thematic learning based on critical thinking skills obtained a good category which includes an assessment of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.
The Character of Students' Love for Their Homeland on Electronic Modules Assisted by Assemblr Edu in Learning
Authors: Syahrial  , Asrial  , Sabil Husni , Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Perdana Rahmat , Rivani Putri Ayu , Widodo Rido Ilham
Published: October 2024

The current problem is that the character of loving the homeland still needs to be higher. Lowering the character of love for the motherland impacts student behaviour which is not good. Various types of media are needed to encourage students to learn. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of students on the character of loving the motherland by using an electronic module. This study uses a type of quantitative research. The research subjects were taken as many as 19 people from each class. Methods of data collection using observation and questionnaires. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire sheet. This study uses a simple random technique. The data analysis used was the T-test, regression, and descriptive statistical tests. The study results show an influence between the use of e-modules and the character of loving the motherland in students. It was concluded that using e-modules can improve students' character of loving the motherland. The better and more electronic modules containing nature and the atmosphere in Indonesia, the more the student's sense of love for their homeland will increase.
Environmental-Based Character Education: Implementation of Lampung Society Life Philosophy Values (Piil Pesenggiri) In Elementary School
Authors: Dian Andesta Bujuri  , Muqowim  , Masnun Baiti  , Tutut Handayani  , Agra Dwi Saputra  , Ayu Nur Shawmi  , Fidian Abron
Published: October 2024

The effort to shape students' character is to revitalize the values of local wisdom in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of the importance of the philosophy of life of the Lampung people (Piil Pesenggiri) in forming environmental-based characters in elementary school students. This type of research is qualitative research with a case study approach. The subjects of this study were the principal, 5 teachers, 18 students in grade 2, 20 students in grade 4, and 17 students in grade 5. Data was obtained through observation, documentation, and interviews. The results of the study are as follows. First, the values of the Piil Pesenggiri are not the priority values that are implemented. Second, in theory, the importance of Piil Pesenggiri is only intensely implemented in Lampung language subjects in high grades. In practice, Piil Pesenggiri's values are integrated throughout the curriculum. Third, the character of the students is quite good. However, students need to be made aware that the values practiced are part of the values of the Pesenggiri Piil. The knowledge and appreciation of students regarding the importance of the Pesenggiri Piil still need to improve, even strangers to the term Pesenggiri Piil as a reference for morality or the original character of the people of Lampung. Implementing Piil Pesenggiri values in practice will only fully shape students' character if accompanied by intense knowing and feeling.
Enhancing Elementary Students’ Understanding of Pancasila Values: Exploring MANILA, a Canva-Based Interactive Learning Tool
Authors: Musfirotun Rika , Widodo Susilo Tri
Published: October 2024

Teachers played very important role in learning where teachers had to be able to provide learning that were adapted to technological development. Teachers had to be able to provide media where students could understand the material as a whole and continued so that the progress of learning media such as interactive media “MANILA” (Interactive media of Pancasila values) was needed. This study aimed to produce Canva-assisted learning media in the subject of Pancasila Education, the material of Pancasila values in grade V SD which was tested for feasibility and effectiveness and was able to improve student learning outcomes. This research was a research and development with the Borg and Gall model which was limited to the fourth stage. The research subjects consisted of: 1 material expert, 1 media expert, 1 class teacher, 6 students for small-scale trials, and 15 students for large-scale trials. Data collection techniques used interviews, validation sheets, response questionnaires, and tests. The media was also declared effective which could be seen from the pretest and posttest results and the T-test results, namely T (15) = 4.06, p < 0.05. Therefore, the development of interactive media “MANILA” assisted by Canva was concluded to be very feasible, practical, and effective in improving student learning outcomes.
The Effectiveness of the Mind Mapping in PjBL on the Learning Outcomes and the Creativity of Elementary School Students
Authors: Fortuna Kurnia Perdana Dharma , Aeni Kurotul
Published: October 2024

The methods and models applied by teachers affect learning outcomes and student creativity. This research intends to analyze differences and effectiveness of mind mapping methods in the project-based learning model in terms of creativity and learning outcomes. The research method used is experimental research with a quasi-experimental design. The reseaech subjects were 41 students, 22 students in grade 4 A as a control group, and 19 students in grade 4 B as an experimental group. Data collection procedures in this research used test procedures and observation sheet assessment rubrics. The statistical tests used in this research include normality tests, homogeneity tests, t-tests, observation sheet tests, and N-Gain were assisted by SPPS for Windows version 25 and Microsoft Excel. The independent sample t-test yielded a significance value (sig.2-tailed) of 0.000, that is less than 0,05. This implies that H0 is disused while Ha is allowable. This suggests that there exists a major gap admist mind mapping approach used in the project-based learning paradigm and student learning outcomes. The N-Gain score for the experimental class was 0,64, while for the control class was 0,36. Both scores fell within the medium category. The N-Gain Percent for the experimental class was found to be effective, while for the control class, it was not. The data revealed that the average student creativity score for each indicator during the four meetings in the experimental class was higher than in the control class. Furthermore, the value of each N-gain score indicator at each meeting in the experimental class increased.
A MULHER E A LEI: VICISSITUDES DA VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA CONTRA A MULHER
Authors: Penna Paula Dias Moreira , Paula Diuly Abood de
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar a evolução da percepção e do tratamento legal da mulher ao longo da história, com foco na violência doméstica. Como recurso metodológico, foi feita pesquisa qualitativa de revisão bibliográfica e documental, de base fundamentalmente histórica e legal. Explorou-se como a exclusão das mulheres da esfera pública contribuiu para uma construção narrativa predominantemente masculina e como a luta feminista foi crucial para romper com o silêncio. O reconhecimento da violência doméstica impulsionou diversas respostas legais, culminando, por exemplo, na Lei Maria da Penha. Apesar dos avanços, ainda persistem sérios índices de violência, evidenciando a necessidade de mudanças para além das leis. O artigo ressalta que, embora a legislação tenha avançado, desafios persistem e refletem questões mais profundas relacionadas à construção subjetiva, com muitas mulheres se identificarem com a forma como foram colocadas ao longo do tempo e, do ponto de vista psicanalítico, a posição do sujeito deve ser interrogada.
PELATIHAN DIGITAL MARKETING GUNA MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN KRIPIK SINGKONG
Authors: Ponidi Ponidi , Fahmawati Felda Emilia , Monalisa Monalisa , Rizaly Anastas
Published: October 2024

Potensi sumber daya pertanian dan perkebunan yang dimiliki Desa Sumberjati Kecamatan Jatirejo Kabupaten Mojokerto terutama hasil perkebunan berupa singkong, ketela, pisang, tales dan bote merupakan kesempatan untuk memperoleh nilai tambah yang patut diperhitungkan. Melihat adanya potensi ekonomi berupa hasil singkong yang melimpah pada UMKM Rina berkah jaya mengolah singkong menjadi keripik singkong dan dikemas dengan design packaging yang baik untuk menarik minat para konsumen untuk membeli produk. Beberapa permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh UMKM adalah tentang kemasan yang kurang menarik dan kurang luasnya daerah pemasaran,sehingga omset penjualan yang cenderung masih rendah. Bertitik tolak pada kondisi tersebut tim pengabdian Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya melakukan pelatihan terkait pembuatan design packaging dan strategi pemasaran dengan Digital marketing guna meningkatkan hasil penjualan. Adapun platform yang digunakan untuk Digital marketing adalah tiktok ,whatshapp dan IG. Platform inilah yang dipergunakan untuk memasang foto-foto dan profil UMKM yang bisa diakses calon pembeli. Dari hasil evaluasi yang telah dilakukan dengan metode wawancara terhadap 50 pembeli diperoleh hasil 26 % memperoleh informasi produk dari tiktok, 52% dari Watshapp dan sisanya 22% dari IG.
Inkulturasi dalam Pertunjukan Wayang Wahyu: Katekese Iman Melalui Seni
Authors:   Fakultas Teologi, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Faisal Stephanus Agus , Wahyudi Rifqi ,   Fakultas Teologi, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Setiawan Edwin Wahyu Dwi ,   Fakultas Teologi, Universitas Sanata Dharma
Published: October 2024

After the Second Vatican Council, the Church showed an open attitude towards local cultural influences as an integral part of its pastoral mission. In Indonesia, the Church responded to this current by adopting various forms of inculturation that went beyond ritual and worship aspects. Br. L. Timotius Wignyosubroto, FIC, responded to this challenge by developing the concept of Wayang Wahyu as an innovative means of faith catechesis through art. Through the establishment of the Ngajab Rahayu group in Surakarta, Wayang Wahyu became a medium that combines elements of traditional Wayang Kulit art with biblical narratives from the Old and New Testaments, as well as religious figures such as the founder of the Order and saints. In every Wayang Wahyu performance, theological dimensions are manifested, such as the Trinity, Christology, Pneumatology, Ecclesiology, and Anthropology. Wayang Wahyu is not just a performing art, but also a creative instrument to instill Christian values and deepen faith catechesis in the local cultural context.
Penerapan Teori Kebenaran dalam Evaluasi Pendidikan Iman Katolik: Studi Kasus Ujian Doa-Doa Dasar pada Calon Penerima Komuni Pertama Dengan Difabilitas Mental
Authors:   Yogyakarta State University, Wardani Yohana Ari
Published: October 2024

The evaluation of Catholic religious education requires an inclusive and fair approach, especially in the context of preparing for first communion. The aim of this paper is to review such evaluations through the lens of truth theory, highlighting the challenges faced by children with cognitive conditions such as dyslexia, ADHD, and intellectual disabilities. The method of memorizing basic prayers in first communion exams is considered to not always reflect a true understanding of faith, especially for children with cognitive conditions. The ethical implications of assessments that do not consider these special needs result in injustice towards children with cognitive disabilities. To ensure inclusivity, the research recommends modifications in the evaluation process, including the use of more flexible and holistic alternative evaluation methods. Although this paper provides relevant insights into the issue, further research involving participants of religious education and Catholic practitioners is needed to develop a more inclusive evaluation approach. In conclusion, the evaluation of Catholic religious education needs to consider the needs of individuals with cognitive disabilities to achieve inclusivity and justice in line with the teachings of the Catholic Church.
Arti Persaudaraan Menurut Paus Fransiskus dan Gus Dur
Authors: Widiasena Stefanus Albert Putra
Published: October 2024

In the midst of the weakening of fraternal relations between people, there are two important figures who write their ideas related to "brotherhood". These two figures are Pope Francis and Gus Dur. According to Pope Francis, brotherhood means treating all beings as brothers and sisters. The language used by Pope Francis is the call to be a neighbor to others. Meanwhile, according to Gus Dur, brotherhood means loving the different (plurality) in human life. Gus Dur strongly emphasizes the importance of tolerance and respect for differences between human beings, especially religions. In this article, the author wants to compare the thoughts of the two figures on the theme of "brotherhood". In addition, this paper also aims to contribute thoughts for everyone to increase the spirit of building brotherhood that is able to transcend existing boundaries
Problems of Socialization and Inculturation in Modern Conditions
Authors: Kisenko Nikolay P.
Published: October 2024

Russian society today is influenced by the process of globalization, which is manifested in objective phenomena such as technical and technological development, as well as subjective manifestations-changes in the value-normative system. The consequence of these processes is an anthropological crisis, the replacement of traditional agents of socialization with new ones – information and telecommunication resources, the Internet. The young generation of Russians, who most actively use new technologies in their everyday and professional lives, is at risk. Using methods of document analysis, synthesis, and analogy, the author identifies permanent features of the processes of socialization and enculturation such as the interplay of conscious and unconscious mechanisms and the law of imitation/copying of the most significant models and values. The article points out that in the modern conditions of the information society, such a sought-after goal of socialization and enculturation as the formation of an integral personality capable of reproducing and transmitting basic values and norms to subsequent generations turns out to be difficult to achieve. The fact of modernity is also becoming the allocation of the Internet as an influential agent of socialization. Employing descriptive, comparative methods, and formal legal source analysis, the author concludes that, alongside the formal-legal influence of the state on the functioning of information and communication resources, there is a necessity for systemic influence from civil society institutions and the education sector as a whole, which can establish appropriate axiological foundations in society and the state.
The Problem of the Unconscious in European Theism and Spiritualism of the XIX Century and Russian Religious Philosophy
Authors:   Blagoveshchensk State Pedagogical University, Ezri Grigorii K.
Published: October 2024

European theism and spiritualism of the XIX century and Russian religious philosophy are examples of a non-psychoanalytic tradition of studying the unconscious, the study of which is of scientific interest. The issue of the influence of European philosophy on Russian philosophy has been considered in many aspects, but the influence on the doctrine of the unconscious has not been studied. The aim of this article is to study the influence of the views of European theists and spiritualists of the XIX century on the problem of the unconscious on Russian religious philosophy. The novelty lies in the fact that, firstly, an assessment is given of the nature of the influence of European theism and spiritualism of the XIX century on Russian religious philosophy on the issue of the unconscious; secondly, the difference in the interpretation of the unconscious in religious philosophy of the XIX – first half of the XX century and psychoanalytic philosophy is shown. It is shown that European theism and spiritualism of the XIX century had a significant influence on the interpretation of the unconscious in Russian religious philosophy, however, domestic thinkers also, when studying the unconscious, focused their attention on the moral and ethical aspect of personal existence and considered the unconscious in a broad historical and philosophical context. In addition, the fundamental elements in the interpretation of the unconscious in Russian religious philosophy and European theism and spiritualism are the psychological understanding of the unconscious and the personal nature of the interaction between man and God (in accordance with the views of theistic philosophy).
Transformation of Approaches to the Study of Identity and Cultural Identity in the Late ХХ – Early ХХI Centuries: Trends and Prospects
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Liga Marina B. , Gomboeva Yanzhina Z. ,   Transbaikal State University, Zakharov Maxim A. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: October 2024

This article examines the role of cultural identity policy as a tool for institutionalizing established values, beliefs, and means of sustenance in the structure of cultural identity. It is emphasized that the works of classical scholars of the 20th century address the issue of cultural identity in the context of fundamental theories of personality, motivation, needs, determinisms, and more. In contrast, research conducted in the first quarter of the 21st century exhibits a continuity of these foundational themes. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the transformation of theoretical and methodological approaches is manifested in the reception of the issue of cultural identity-as a conceptual, social, and historical product that is created by individuals and society through processes of joint activity, and that is continually negotiated and modified under the influence of cultural policies and means of their institutionalization. Using research findings as a case study, the article illustrates how the government forms the cultural identity of populations: it instills norms, defines parameters of consciousness, and influences living practices and traditional forms of behavior. However, the intensity of such influence varies significantly. Based on a description of different types of cultural hybridity, the article identifies and represents corresponding types of identity-strong and weak-that manifest in conditions of intercultural communication.
The Kurdish People in the Struggle for Independence (Second Half of the ХХ – Beginning of the ХХI Century) and the Genocide in Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors:   Kuban State University, Vartanyan Egnara G.
Published: October 2024

The article delves into the struggle of the people of Southern (Iraqi) Kurdistan for self-determination and the repression of the ruling regime in Iraq, which brought the Kurdish population to the brink of extermination. The issue of Southern Kurdistan in Iraq has been on the agenda for many decades. The Iraqi Kurds achieved self-government at the cost of incredible efforts. It is emphasized that the recognition of the right to territorial autonomy by the Iraqi government in 1974 was a success of the Kurdish national movement. However, the infringement of the rights of the Kurds continued. The apogee of the repressions were the events of the Iran-Iraq War of 1980–1988 and the use of chemical weapons against the population of the autonomy. In 2005, Iraq promulgated a new draft Constitution, which reflected the opinion of all ethno-confessional groups of the country – Shiites, Sunnis and Kurds: the country was declared a Federal Republic, and the Kurdish language was declared the state language on the territory of Kurdistan. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the centuries-long struggle of the Kurds of Iraq ended with the proclamation of autonomy and the granting of democratic rights and freedoms to the population of the Kurdish Autonomous Region. And the facts reflected in the documents of international organizations on the deliberate destruction of the Kurdish minority in Iraq, especially during the years of Saddam Hussein’s rule, are obvious. An important condition for the success of the Kurdish national movement at any stage of its development is the unity of its ranks. The methodological basis of the article is the principles of historicism and objectivity. Documentary materials, personal sources, and media news data serve as the empirical basis of the study and are introduced into scientific discourse.
Ethical Problems and Risks of Forming a Digital Model of a Modern University
Authors:   Tula State Pedagogical University named after L.N. Tolstoy, Valeeva Galina V.
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the digital transformation of higher education, being a strategic national direction, envisages universities achieving digital maturity, including through the creation of a digital model that meets the needs of modern society and the digital economy. However, the process of forming a digital university reveals numerous ethical problems, which may lead to ambiguous consequences for both educational institutions and higher education as a whole. This paper examines the concept of a “digital university” and its content, providing an author’s definition and identifying the main elements that form a unified digital educational environment. The advantages of the digital university in comparison to the traditional university are highlighted, and the importance of forming a digital model of the university is determined. Furthermore, the ethical problems that arise during the digitalization of key elements of the digital university are identified and analyzed. The risks associated with the process of forming the digital model of the modern university are indicated, and recommendations for their prevention are provided. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the digital university model presents a dilemma that can be resolved by developing effective approaches to its creation, with a focus on ethically justified decisions in the use of digital technologies in the educational process. Recognizing the role of traditional university ethics in the digital educational environment, promoting the development of humanities knowledge, and codifying digital scientific and educational activities are essential steps in this direction.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Procurement Activity of the Enterprise
Authors:   Tyumen Industrial University, Kuzmina Anastasia S. , Sheveleva Nadezhda P. ,   Tyumen Industrial University
Published: October 2024

The article examines the existing methods of evaluation of procurement activity, their features and applicability. The authors identify the directions of their improvement and propose the author’s methodology for assessing the efficiency of procurement activities based on 30 indicators distributed in such blocks as finance, work with suppliers, personnel and logistics. Methodology also involves the calculation of a complex indicator, which aggregates these aspects and allows to assess the procurement activity of a particular enterprise and the effectiveness of measures to optimize it. During the course of the study the results of approbation of the methodology on the example of procurement activities of the company of the real sector of economy and recommendations for its improvement are given, illustrating the applicability of the methodology in the organization and optimization of procurement activities. In addition, it describes the experience of automating calculations according to the proposed methodology in the MS Excel program for ease of use in production conditions.
The System of Public Administration as an Actor in Policy for Ensuring the Resilience of the Country (Based on Materials from the Russian Federation and Western Countries)
Authors:   University of World Civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky,, Likhonosov Alexander G. , Gerasimov Vladimir I. ,   University of World Civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky,, Vasetsky Nikolai A. ,   University of World Civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky,
Published: October 2024

This study draws conclusions from the analysis of the activities of governmental bodies and the public administration system in ensuring the resilience of the country. Resilience is understood as the state and capacity of society to counteract both external and internal threats without significant losses to the vitality and integrity of the nation. The viability of a country depends on a variety of conditions and factors that affect its existence and position at a particular time. The study reveals the management subjects and the mechanisms for implementing state policy. Systemic errors in the implementation of state policies aimed at ensuring national resilience are identified. Furthermore, ways for improving the public administration system as a mechanism that fosters the achievement of this goal are proposed. The main task of public policy for ensuring national resilience is the development of society and the overcoming of uncertainty and chaos in the relationships among individuals, society, and the state under the influence of both internal and external threats. “Freedom” as a systemic category characterizes the quantity and quality of connections among the elements of the system. It can be stated that the greater the freedom afforded to social systems – characterized by fewer moral, ethical, spiritual, legal, and other ties – the lower the level of security within such a society. In addressing the challenge of ensuring the resilience of the country, enhancing the effectiveness of the public administration system demands firm political decisions and operational management.
Three Levels of International Political-Economic Analysis: A New Perspective for the Study of International Problems in an Era of Multipolarity
Authors:   MGIMO University, Balashov Ilia B. , Budko Diana A. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: October 2024

One of the key issues in current international relations studies is the structure of knowledge. The epistemological foundations of political and economic theories of international development are losing their relevance as the influence of theory on the practice of international relations wanes. The declining ability of international analysis to predict the future of world politics and economics emphasizes the need for a broader, interdisciplinary approach to the study of international relations. This study aims to explore the possibility of creating a new, practical and interdisciplinary model of analysis to address the problems of the modern international system. This approach to the systemic analysis of international relations involves broadening the scope of the study by integrating international political and economic (IPE) analysis and including three analytical levels: explanatory, normative and critical. The article defines the terminology, structure, principles and criteria of such an analysis based on the problems of modern political science. The author also points out the main difficulties in the formation of theoretical and methodological basis of the three-level analysis. Examples of analyzing problems, namely the impact of trade barriers on the instability of global supply chains and the international dimension of the energy crisis of the Federal Republic of Germany (2022 – present) are given, demonstrating the quality and consistency of the results of such analysis.
The Philosophical-Existential Approach of H. Arendt and F.A. Hayek’s Economic Approach to the Study of the Essence of Totalitarianism: A Comparative Analysis
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Gurkov Alexander D. , Linde Andrey N. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: October 2024

This article is devoted to the examination of various approaches to totalitarian political regimes. As is well known, in the 20th century, regimes such as Hitler’s in Germany and Mussolini’s in Italy unleashed the largest global conflict; while the regimes of Mao in China, Stalin in the USSR, and Pol Pot in Cambodia resulted in the deaths of millions due to repressions. Based on this, the goal of the work follows: to identify the essence of a totalitarian political regime, the prerequisites and reasons for its emergence, and also to determine what steps modern society needs to take in order to prevent the emergence of such regimes in the future. The article employs logical-analytical research methods that facilitate a thorough examination of the literature, specifically through analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, deduction, induction, analogy, and hypothesis. As a result of the study, the authors conclude on the inadmissibility of totalitarian political regimes from both a humanistic and a rational standpoint, as well as the necessity of active citizen involvement in politics as the sole means to avert their emergence.
Social Networks as a Modern Total Institution
Authors:   Branch of the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University in Nizhny Tagil, Oleshkova Anna M.
Published: October 2024

The modern Internet space, especially in the context of social networks, can be viewed through the prism of the theory of total institutions. This article delineates the concept of a total institution, outlining the genesis of its constituent categories. Drawing upon the ideas of E. Goffman, M. Foucault, and P. Bourdieu, a characterization of the total institution is presented. The scientific reflection on this topic within the domestic academic community is also reviewed. Employing semantic analysis and critical discourse analysis methods, the article identifies two potential approaches to applying the category of “total institution” for the analysis of communication in the internet space: first, the social network reproduces similar structures within itself, isolating certain subjects while endowing others with preferences, thereby functioning analogously to social and political systems; second, the social network itself is a total institution, set in opposition to the ordinary world. Conclusion emphasizes the functionality of four parameters through which a social network can be conceptualized as a total institution: enclosed space, rhythmic time, control, and disciplinary practices. These characteristics amplify their impact on the speaking subject under the conditions of the dominance of a quasi-political discourse, prevalent in social networks.
Socio-Cultural Sphere of the Russian World: An Interdisciplinary Approach
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Alimov Alexander V. ,   Saint John the Theologian Russian Orthodox University
Published: October 2024

The article is a continuation of fundamental research of the Russian world. This paper presents the development of the fluctuation “core” of the socio-cultural sphere of the organizational and managerial system of the Russian world. Based on the synthesis of beatitudes, gifts and fruits from the Holy Scriptures related to the ideal world, the spiritual and moral values of the material world are compared by the method of parallelism. As a result, a conceptual model of the progressive process of personal and social development on the path to truth has been developed. In the future, the model was verified with the principles of acmeology, praxiology, compliance with goals and objectives, systems of “God-manhood” and “unity”. In this regard, the work used an interdisciplinary approach, which synthesized the ideas of Russian religious philosophy, theology and modern achievements of the science of personal and social development. Consequently, a conceptual model of the socio-cultural phenomenon of Russian civilization has emerged, asserting its distinctive identity in the context of inter-civilizational dialogue.
One Belt, One Road Initiative and Traditional Western Geopolitical Theories
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Wang Xin
Published: October 2024

This article examines the relationship between the “One Belt, One Road” initiative and three major traditional geopolitical theories: sea power – by A.T. Mahan, Heartland – by H. Mackinder and Rimland – by N. Spykman. The author notes that all of them are fundamentally different from the “One Belt, One Road” initiative and are differentiated in time and space. Arguing this statement, he considers the essence of all three concepts, which can be reduced to the achievement of hegemony in human society through military conquests, economic pressure or coercion to subjugation through other means. In this context, the concept of “One Belt, one Road” is presented as an antipode to Western strategies, since it is focused on abandoning national interests in favor of universal human interests and represents a plan for the integration development of all countries of the world on the terms of partnership with each other, excluding any dominance.
Contrasting Realities: Italian Advertisements and Non-Sexist Linguistic and Social Norms
Authors:   Academy of Language Studies, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Catarinella Piermauro , Kram Suhardi ,   Faculty of Sports Science & Recreation, UiTM Sarawak, Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia, Colombo Omar ,   Language Centre, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam, Husain Muhammad Alhakeem ,   College of Creative Arts, UiTM Puncak Perdana, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
Published: October 2024

This research aims to scrutinise whether sexism is confined solely to the Italian advertising domain or extends into the language employed by the general populace and the broader cultural fabric of society. In Italy, despite numerous efforts made over the past decades to eradicate sexism in advertising campaigns, marketers frequently resort to its various manifestations, deeming it a powerful tool for attracting potential consumers. The prevalent utilisation of the female image in a sexist manner, portraying women as objects of desire, remains commonplace. Surprisingly, even renowned influencers aligned with the radical feminist movement often incorporate such tactics in their social media content. Sexism manifests through two principal avenues: firstly, the erotic portrayal of women’s bodies and/or their sensual behaviours, frequently coupled with language expressions encompassing with dual meanings; secondly, the perpetuation and reinforcement of stereotypical gender roles. While the latter has largely diminished in the contemporary era, the former persists prominently. This case study research employs a qualitative analysis approach. Various data sources, including legal documents, historical records, and contemporary media, are critically analysed. The findings suggest that, despite the societal and linguistic rejection of sexism in contemporary Italy, where gender equality prevails across social, economic, and legal realms, the advertising industry continues to rely on such practices heavily.
The Influence of TikTok Marketing on Consumer Purchase Intention among Students
Authors:   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka Alor Gajah, Melaka Malaysia, Mahmud Nurazree , Nabil Yaakob Ahmad Mirza ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka Alor Gajah, Melaka Malaysia, Abd Majid Nurul Ain ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka Alor Gajah, Melaka Malaysia, Nurulzlan Nur Afrina ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka Alor Gajah, Melaka Malaysia, Khairi Nur Husnina ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka Alor Gajah, Melaka Malaysia, Raja Azhar Raja Nur Nabilah Balqis ,   Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka Alor Gajah, Melaka Malaysia
Published: October 2024

TikTok marketing has an enormous and broad effect on the purchasing intentions of students. TikTok has become an extremely effective medium for marketers to connect with consumers due to its interesting and simple-to-read content structure. TikTok's algorithmic content distribution system is designed to draw in users and market a range of goods and services. This study looks into how TikTok marketing affects students' intentions to buy at selected Malaysian higher education institutions. The growing popularity of TikTok as a social media platform, especially among young people, emphasises the need to comprehend its influence on consumer behaviour. In this study, a quantitative methodology was applied, and analytical approaches employed, including reliability analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study concentrated on three important variables that affect consumers' intentions to buy: brand awareness, product quality, and price. A total of 115 respondents from the chosen universities took part in responding to the sent questionnaire. The research aims to offer insights into how businesses may effectively exploit the platform to engage with students as consumers by looking at these aspects in the context of TikTok marketing. The findings show that TikTok marketing has a major impact on student purchase behaviour, with product quality and price having a major influence on intentions to buy. All things considered, this study deepens our knowledge of how TikTok affects consumer behaviour, especially among students. It demonstrates the platform's potential as an ideal instrument for engaging students as customers and provides important insights for businesses trying to maximise their TikTok marketing efforts. Future studies on the evolving landscape of social media marketing and its effects on customer behaviour under various conditions can build on this research.
Exploring the Power of Visual Aesthetics in Advertising
Authors:   Faculty Business & Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Melaka, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia, Yahya Wan Kalthom , Muthusamy Geetha ,   Faculty Business & Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM),, Cawangan Melaka, Kampus Bandaraya Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia, Naseri Roszi Naszariah Nasni ,   Faculty Business & Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Melaka, Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia, Affendi Faiza Rostam ,   Academy of Language Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM) Pahang Kampus, Raub, Pahang Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Marketing plays a crucial role in determining the success of any organisation. Businesses can achieve significant growth by implementing a strategy that prioritises the needs and preferences of their customers. A recent study has emphasised the crucial significance of visual attractiveness in attracting customer attention and involvement. A favourable aesthetic experience can enhance the user's involvement with the interface. This article seeks to examine the capacity of utilising visual aesthetics to mould brand identity, impact consumer perception, and affect behaviour in advertising campaigns. This study will use Gestalt theory principles to enable advertisers to create more impactful and captivating advertising that captures viewers' attention, facilitates information processing, and improves brand recall. The study will utilise a quantitative methodology, using data collected via a self-administered questionnaire. The data analysis will employ structural equation modelling (SEM). The study's findings will unquestionably equip advertising marketers to improve product promotion techniques and tailor advertising campaigns.
Sustainable Fashion Design: A Review and Perspective
Authors:   Department of Design Studies (Fashion), College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia, Hou Jinyue , Wang Xinyue ,   Department of Design Studies (Fashion), College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selango, Yao Sidian ,   Department of Design Studies (Fashion), College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia, Aris Asliza ,   Department of Design Studies (Fashion), College of Creative Arts, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Fashion sustainability may potentially reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate climate change by decreasing pollution and waste. However, sustainable fashion design received little attention in recent years. Here, the existing literature (237 publications) on sustainable fashion design is synthesized to understand the trends and future directions. Sustainable fashion design lacked systematic research methodology and paid little attention to down-cycling design. The sustainable fashion design can be classified into four categories of design methods, including reducing waste, reducing environmental impacts, redesigning, and extending the lifespan of garments. Slow fashion design was dominant and the hottest research topic in the past two decades. Further studies are required to explore the methodology of remake fashion design in sustainable fashion. Overall, this study has a large contribution to the theory and applications of sustainable fashion design by establishing a comprehensive documentation library, reviewing multiple aspects of studies, understanding the trends and development, summarizing the status and hot topics, identifying research gaps, and providing future research directions