bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Shoulder Pain Due to Rotator Cuff Pathology
Authors: Chitneni Ahish , Hasoon Jamal , Urits Ivan , Viswanath Omar , Berger Amnon , Kaye Alan D.
Published: August 2022

Chronic shoulder pain affects millions of patients each year. Various conditions can result in shoulder pain ranging from rotator cuff injury, subacromial impingement, post-surgical pain, bursitis, adhesive capsulitis, and osteoarthritis. Typically, rotator cuff pathology is diagnosed by physical exam maneuvers along with advanced imaging modalities. Initial treatment for rotator cuff injury typically consists of physical therapy, NSAIDs, and possible injections depending on the extent of the injury. If conservative measures fail or the injury is too substantial, surgery is typically the appropriate treatment for healthy patients. For patients who are not surgical candidates or refuse surgery, peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) can be considered. With the use of PNS, the suprascapular and axillary nerves can be targeted to provide pain relief for a variety of chronic shoulder pain issues. We describe the use of PNS in 2 patients with significant rotator cuff pathology who were not surgical candidates.
Perioperative Management of Calciphylaxis: Literature Review and Treatment Recommendations
Authors: Strand Natalie , Maloney Jillian , Wu Samuel , Kraus Molly , Schneider Rick , Gomez Diego , Char Steven
Published: August 2022

Calciphylaxis is a serious and rare medical condition that leads to substantial clinical manifestations including pain, creating perioperative and treatment challenges. No standard treatment protocol exists nor are comprehensive guidelines available for perioperative management of patients with calciphylaxis. In this review, we evaluate existing literature (January 2000 to May 2021) with the aim to offer guidance for treating patients with this challenging disease through the perioperative period. Although no therapies are currently considered standard for treating calciphylaxis, multiple interventions are available for improving symptoms. Preoperative and intraoperative management involves monitoring and optimizing patient comorbid conditions and any possible electrolyte imbalances. Postoperative management can be challenging when potential calciphylaxis triggers are indicated, such as warfarin and corticosteroids. In addition, poor wound healing and difficult pain control are common. Therefore, a multifactorial approach to controlling postoperative pain is recommended that includes the use of nerve blocks, renal-sparing opioids, benzodiazepines, and/or ketamine. We present preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative recommendations for treating calciphylaxis with levels of evidence when appropriate.
WHICH SURGICAL TREATMENT IS PREFERABLE IN HUMERAL DIAPHYSEAL FRACTURES? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: SARACCO MICHELA , FULCHIGNONI CAMILLO , FUSCO FABRIZIO , LOGROSCINO GIANDOMENICO
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Humeral diaphyseal fractures are very common. Many treatments have been proposed but the choice of the best one is often complex.

Objective

The aim of the proposed study is to analyze the data in the literature in order to define the risks, advantages and disadvantages of the alternative surgical treatments (anterograde/retrograde intramedullary nailing, ORIF, MIPO).

Methods

PubMed / Medline and Google Scholar were searched for prospective randomized or case-control retrospective studies about surgical treatment of humeral diaphyseal fractures with nailing, ORIF and MIPO, according to PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcome considered was the fracture healing time by comparing nailing-ORIF, nailing-MIPO and ORIF-MIPO. Differences in the rate of post-operative complications, patient satisfaction, intra-operative blood loss and surgical time were considered secondary outcomes.

Results

506 studies were identified, but only 10 studies were valid for the systematic review. No differences between nailing, ORIF and MIPO were recorded in terms of healing and surgical times. Intra-operative blood loss was significantly higher during ORIF (p 0.024). No differences were found in the restoration of function evaluated using clinical scales. The rate of complications was 27.4% for nailing, 21.2% for ORIF and 13.8% for MIPO. The difference was statistically significant only by comparing nailing with MIPO (p 0.012), probably because anterograde nailing is more often correlated to shoulder impairment. ORIF was at higher risk of infection compared to nailing (p 0.007).

Conclusion

Humeral diaphyseal fractures require careful pre-operative planning, ensuring reduced healing time, less soft tissue damage and low rate of complications. The lower exposure of the fracture allows for excellent results with reduced bleeding and lower risk of complications.
Analysis of the antibacterial properties of jute leaf
Authors: Taslima Rahman  , Zakaria Ahmed  , Shuranjan Sarkar
Published: August 2022

In this experiment, tea liquor has been prepared by 10% dried tea leaves and boiling time was 5, 10 and 15 minutes. For the determination of antibacterial activity, Salmonella typhi were inoculated on nutrient agar media by spread plate method and tea liquor was poured in the middle of the bacterial inoculated plate. Antibacterial activity was observed where boiling time has affected antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activity of different extracts of jute leaves were evaluated by agar well diffusion method against different pathogenic bacteria viz., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus etc. Antibacterial activity was found increasing with increased by longer time prepared tea liquor and the highest antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of jute leaf was observed against E. coli (ZOI=17.0±1.0 mm) followed by Salmonella typhi. Therefore, these results clearly support the traditional use of jute leaf as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent against a wide range of microbes.
URBANISATION AND DISASTER RISKS IN THE HIMALAYA
Authors: Poudel Dilli Prasad , Shrestha Anushiya , Khatri Dil , Ensor Jonathan
Published: August 2022

Haphazard urban expansion and poorly planned infrastructure development have increased and intensified disaster risks in the geologically fragile Himalaya. Against this backdrop, consolidating and interpreting the findings from four articles included in this special issue on “urbanisation and disaster risk in the Himalaya”, this paper analyses the interrelation between urbanisation and disaster risk in rapidly urbanising areas of Nepal Himalaya. The key findings that we pull together from the papers are: (1) large-scale construction activities, including the real estate boom in peri-urban Nepal, increasingly delink traditional communities from their land and culture; (2) disconnected policies and contradicting implementation in the informal to formal transitions have sustained informality and deepened risk in urban Nepal; (3) institutional inertia sustains poor coordination between stakeholders in relation to knowledge sharing, technology and resources which hinder proactive disaster management at the community level; and (4) operational and knowledge gaps emerge from failures to delineate authority, responsibility and accountability between concerned institutions, and weak institutional capacity between agencies, impeding the adoption of early warning and action system in Nepal. Based on these findings, we conclude that while the political restructuring and decentralisation of the local governments have provided authorities with the legitimacy to devise disaster management policies, enhancing overall institutional capability in terms of access to and mobilisation of knowledge, technologies and resources is needed to reduce disaster risks in the Himalaya.
Species Richness, Morphological Features and Inventory of Wild Macrofungi found in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: OG Okon , JE Okon , UE Antia , SM Sam , LI Udoh , EN Usen , IA Ibanga
Published: August 2022

The macrofungi diversity in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria has been inadequately sampled and never documented; this situation makes the status of macrofungi in the State unclear. It is from this reason that this study was necessitated. A total of 60 species of wild macrofungi belonging to 25 families we documented during the period of this study (April to July 2021). Agaricaceae family recorded the highest number of species (12), followed by Polyporaceae (10), Psathyrellaceae (5), Marasmiaceae (4), Amanitaceae (3), Gomphaceae, Lycophyllaceae, Physalacriaceae, Hymenochaetaceae, Gamodermataceae and Strophariaceae recorded 2 species each. Pluteaceae, Stereaceae, Bondarzewiaceae, Schizophyllaceae, Entolomaceae, Cortinariaceae, Pleurotaceae, Dacrymycetaceae, Auriculariaceae, Tricholomataceae, Hygrophoraceae, Hydnangiaceae, Tubiferaceae and Lycoperdaceae recorded 1 species respectively. Out of the 60 macrofungi recorded, 36 species (60.00%) were non-edible, 13 species (21.67 %) were edible, 2 (3.33%) were choice edible and 2 (3.33%) edible but not recommended respectively. 1 species (1.67%) each were poisonous, psychoactive, edible while young, not recommended, non-poisonous but leathery, edible but shows allergic reactions in some individuals and unknown edibility status. Analysis on the growth substrate of the macrofungi species found revealed that; 32 species (53.33%) grew on dead wood, 25 species (41.67%) on soil, 2 species (3.33%) on living tree trunk and 1 species (1.67%) on decaying organic matter. The list and inventory provided by this study will give baseline information that will be needed in the assessment of changes that may occur in wild macrofungi diversity in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The rich diversity of wild occurring macrofungi in Akwa Ibom State offers huge economic life for the local inhabitants in terms of nutriton, health and medicine as well as ecosystem stability at large. Inclusion of macrofungi biodiversity conservation in Akwa Ibom State and Nigerian forest management policies will be an appropriate step towards conservation of these wild macrofungi. Keywords: Agaricaceae – macrofungi – Marasmiaceae – mushroom – Polyporaceae – Psathyrellaceae
Unfinished Business: Visuality, Space, and the State in (Post) Socialist Venezuela
Authors: Troconis Irina R.
Published: August 2022

This article proposes (post)socialism as a conceptual lens to read the temporal dislocation and affective currents that define Venezuela’s current political and social reality and its relationship to the twenty-first-century socialism former president Hugo Chávez promised in 2006. It argues that this version of socialism, which claimed to be different from the ones that came before in Latin America and elsewhere, was translated into the country’s urban landscape in a visual display that served to smooth over its contradictions and blind spots and that made Chávez essential to the discussions regarding what shape it could take in Venezuela. The connection between Chávez and socialism lingered after his death, leading to an explosion of visual representations of him that included the reproduction of his signature on the walls of the apartment buildings constructed by the housing program Gran Misión Vivienda Venezuela. The article argues that, by creating the illusion that Chávez remains visible, present, and essential for the operations and conceptualization of the Revolution’s socialist agenda, the signature—and the other visual forms Chávez’s afterlife has publicly taken—reduces socialism to a crisis of imagination that prevents critical debates and the possibility of envisioning new political futures for the nation.
New Cold War Nostalgia in Recent U.S. Cultural Productions: Retro and Irony in the Transnational Postsocialist World
Authors: Popescu Sandu Oana
Published: August 2022

This article examines the intersection of nostalgia, irony, and retro in “new Cold War” story lines that dominate two U.S. cultural productions—the feature film Creed II (2018) and the series Comrade Detective (2017). Both cultural productions anchor themselves in and re-create the Cold War past by addressing multiple audiences in the postsocialist space, Western Europe, and the United States. Creed II and Comrade Detective engage in nostalgia for the 1950s when the U.S. nation became a superpower in the context of late twentieth-century U.S. efforts to maintain that status. Both cultural productions address narratives of American exceptionalism. Creed II develops more regressive forms of nostalgia that update older formulas of U.S. identity for new generations, while maintaining Cold War binary oppositions and the triumphalist narrative of victory over European state socialism. In contrast to Creed II, the Amazon produced series Comrade Detective re-creates a Cold War past in more playful and progressive retro mode, marking an evolution of U.S. new Cold War nostalgia into a more multilayered and transnational phenomenon.
Relato de experiência sobre formação de professores: análise das ressignificações, redefinições e os desafios da pandemia
Authors: Telles Lívia Catarina Matoso dos Santos , Mendonça João Guilherme Rodrigues , Telles Anderson Teixeira , Farias Kátia Sebastiana Carvalho dos Santos
Published: August 2022

A pandemia de Covid-19 impulsionou uma maior mediatização da educação e o estabelecimento de formas híbridas de ensino. A discussão aborda a formação continuada do professor como condição fundamental para a ressignificação e a redefinição da sua prática educativa após os desafios gerados na pandemia. Adota-se o relato de experiência como recurso metodológico, analisando-se uma experiência de formação na disciplina de Formação de Professores e Trabalho Docente, ofertada aos alunos do Programa de Doutorado Profissional em Educação da Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR). Objetiva compreender o universo dos processos de formação de professores a partir da reflexão dos discentes. Os resultados possibilitaram compreender alguns aspectos sobre o mundo acadêmico pós-ensino remoto, com o otimismo que se dá no próprio contexto da crise, uma vez que o professor investigador deverá extrair das experiências proveitos importantes para a obtenção de resultados e soluções de problemas. Concluímos que a tecnologia foi e continuará sendo fundamental, mas o grande desafio está na forma de ensinar.
Alterações no uso e ocupação do solo dos municípios do extremo sul da bahia entre 1990 e 2018
Authors: Gama Giovanna França Bispo da , Farias Emilly da Silva , Silva João Batista Lopes da
Published: August 2022

Diante das alterações na apropriação de terras, objetivou-se neste trabalho identificar como se deu as modificações no uso e ocupação da terra no território de abrangência do Extremo Sul da Bahia, em treze municípios entre 1990 e 2018. Os dados de uso e ocupação do solo foram cedidos pelo Fórum Florestal Regional no formato shapefile. A análise dos dados foi realizada com ajuda do programa QGIS 2.18. Paralelo ao desenvolvimento da monocultura (11,14% de sua área em 2018) na região, se nota a redução das áreas de vegetação, tais como as florestas em estágio inicial, médio e avançado, que juntas reduziram 6,76% de suas áreas no período estudado. Os municípios: Itamaraju, Jucuruçu e Prado foram aqueles de maior grau de degradação, visto que no ano inicial do estudo apresentavam as áreas de florestas em estágio médio/avançado como predominantes, no entanto, em 2018 nota-se que a ocupação é tomada por pastagem. A dinâmica do solo, de maneira geral, demonstrou gradativo aumento da monocultura na região em detrimento sobretudo, das pastagens, das florestas em diferentes estágios e em menor escala, da agricultura.
Elaboração de indicadores de output de Ciência e Tecnologia na Agricultura de Precisão
Authors: Silva Wanderson de Vasconcelos Rodrigues da , Silva-Mann Renata
Published: August 2022

A Agricultura de Precisão consiste em uma estratégia de gestão da produção agrícola que envolve o uso de ferramentas de alta tecnologia para otimizar o uso de insumos, aumentar a produtividade, diminuir os riscos e manter a sustentabilidade da atividade no campo. Dessa forma, há interesse constante em monitorar os avanços tecnológicos no setor, seja para pesquisadores, gestores de tecnologia, empresas ou governos. Assim, o uso de indicadores de C&T focados em resultados, como as produções científicas e tecnológicas, permitem identificar e avaliar o estado atual da Ciência e Tecnologia no setor. Este estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver um modelo de indicadores de output de Ciência e Tecnologia, fundamentado nas análises bibliométricas e patentométricas que contribua para o monitoramento das inovações tecnológicas da Agricultura de Precisão. Os indicadores extraídos foram analisados e processados de forma a compor o modelo. Os mesmos foram categorizados de acordo com as seguintes classes: Indicadores de Evolução, Indicadores de Tendências e Indicadores de Impacto. Os resultados obtidos foram complementados com indicadores de input de C&T disponíveis nos relatórios nacionais e internacionais.
Impactos da pandemia no processo de alfabetização nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Carla Fagotti Pagliarini Ariadne Carla Fagotti Pagliarini , Giacometi Ananda Giacometi , Bonaparte Ketllin Zanella da Conceição , Ghilardi Cancian Queli
Published: August 2022

O processo de alfabetização que já não era uma tarefa fácil em condições normais, em tempos de pandemia tornou-se ainda mais desafiador, comprometendo não só o processo de alfabetização da criança na idade certa, bem como as inúmeras relações envolvidas no processo ensino/aprendizagem. A partir do exposto, o objetivo central deste estudo é compreender como esse processo de aquisição da leitura e escrita acontece, bem como a importância das relações sociais no espaço escolar para esse desenvolvimento, analisando quais impactos o ensino remoto, gerado pela pandemia da Covid-19, tem causado. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, exploratório descritivo, realizado por meio de revisão bibliográfica. Os resultados sugerem que os impactos ocasionados pela pandemia da Covid-19 afetaram não só o processo ensino/aprendizagem da criança ocasionado atraso e/ou deficiência no processo de alfabetização e letramento, bem como na rotina familiar que passou assumir quase que exclusivamente a responsabilidade de ensinar sua criança, tarefa que antes era dividida ou delegada a escola. Considera-se ainda, a urgência de se pensar em políticas que defendam o planejamento de estratégias que visem a recuperação da aprendizagem, como formação continuada dos docentes, reforço escolar e ampliação da carga horária para as crianças.
Estilo de aprendizagem e jogos: relações entre características e desempenho
Authors: Vilamaior Adriana Giarola , Ferrreira Júlio César Benfenatti , Ferrreira João Otávio Vilamaior , Vieira Vânia Maria de Oliveira
Published: August 2022

A educação e o aprendizado demandam diferentes desafios, um deles é o de preparar os jovens para o mercado de trabalho, além de ajustar as formas e métodos de ensino ao cotidiano das pessoas e aos estilos de aprendizagem dos alunos. Dentro deste cenário, surge a oportunidade de trabalhar a cultura empreendedora e os conceitos de gestão por meio de jogos. Este artigo, então, objetiva descrever a relação entre os estilos de aprendizagem do Modelo de Felder e Silverman (1988) e a metodologia ativa de jogos comparando o perfil e os resultados de estudantes dos cursos de nível superior e do ensino médio integrado à formação técnica. O trabalho é uma pesquisa aplicada, de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo, aplicando a análise multivariada, com a formação de conglomerados que buscou similaridades entre os indivíduos da amostra. Detecta-se que o estilo de aprendizagem dos alunos que obtiveram maior desempenho no jogo tem características de percepção sensorial, entrada verbal e entendimento sequencial. Os alunos tiveram características tanto de trabalhar em grupo como sozinhos, preferindo a prática e a reflexão.
Improving the thermal efficiency of the heat pipe using a heterogeneous polyethylene fibre wick system
Authors: Kannakumar K. , Thamaraikannan Divakar
Published: August 2022

Thermal engineers face a lot of challenges in converting heat with low heat dissipation rate. This idea led me to read and analyse the heat pipe in various forms. “Heat pipes” are used in various mechanical and electronic devices. A small improvement in the “heat pipe design” will result in a drastic change. Can reduce the heat dissipation rate. Many factors affect the “efficiency of the heat pipe”. This includes the geometric design, the number of evaporators and capacitors, the working liquid characters, the application of different coatings, the adhesive and the combined forces. A “wick system model” can be created in CATIA (a 3D modelling software). Different heat transfer properties can be determined using “CFD analysis” by changing different types of wick materials. CFD analysis will analyse the best and most effective material with pressure drop, “heat transfer rate and temperature variation” with measured values.
study to assess spiritual well-being on anxiety among women with pregnancy
Authors: Gupta Akriti , Gupta Uttara , Gupta Anand , Sharma Anshuman
Published: August 2022

It can be concluded from this study that spiritual well-being has role in reducing anxiety & stress at the time of pregnancy. Recent evidence is there regarding role of nurses or midwives for improvement & promotion of healthy behavior either directly by educating pregnant women about spiritual well-being or indirectly by promoting planning-preparation copings & decreasing anxiety.
study on aetiopathogenesis and management of rectal prolapse in tertiary care centre in Odisha, India
Authors: Subudhi B Swagat Kumar , Habada Sunil Kumar , Pradhan Swayangprava , Pradhan Susajit Kumar
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Rectal prolapse refers to a circumferential, full-thickness protrusion of the rectum through the anus and also has been called complete prolapse, or procidentia. Internal prolapse occurs when the rectal wall intussuscepts but does not protrude, and is more accurately described as internal intussusception. In adults, rectal prolapse is far more common among women. The diagnosis is obvious on inspection, except in the case of concealed rectal prolapse. At present, the fixation of the rectum to the sacral hollow is considered to be the most rational operation in the surgical management of complete rectal prolapse. The present study is undertaken at S.C.B.Medical college hospital, Cuttack to evaluate the aetio-pathological factors associated with rectal prolapse and the different surgical methods available to repair them. Methods: A hospital-based Cross-sectional study was done among the patients Presenting .with Rectal Prolapse either attending Surgery Out-Patient Department or admitted to the Department through Emergency Department and giving consent for the study. Results: In the study 91.2% were complete and  8.8% were partial prolapse. The maximum age group showing thus prolapse was from 31-50 years age group, with males having more incidence of prolapse than females. Among the females, multi-porous were having increased incidence of prolapse.
Analysis of demographic characteristics affecting labour curve in low risk pregnant woman in tertiary care hospital in Central India
Authors: Saumya Saumya , Singh Beenu Kushwah , Khatik Neha
Published: August 2022

Background: Since decades  labour curve given  by E. Friedman in 1950 is used in  obstetrics practices all over the world; but recent studies have highlighted labour progression pattern which deviates from Friedman’s curve. Recently there have been many studies done to focus on progress of labour in contemporary labouring females. Till date no other study has been focused on developing labour curves for Indian origin females. This study is done to evaluate pattern of labour progress in  central Indian origin female. Objective: To analyse demographic  characteristics  affecting spontaneous  labour progression in low risk pregnant females of central Indian origin. Material and methods: It was prospective observational study done from August 2017 to July 2018. Low risk term pregnant women with spontaneous onset of labour were included and findings were entered in a pre-structured format. Results: Mean age of study population was 24.43 years with a range of 18 to 35 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) of study population was 21.49 with a range of 18.5 -30 kg/m2. Maximum number of females were nulliparous i.e 79.10%. Mean cervical dilatation at admission was 4 cm. Mean duration of active phase of labour was 3.66 hrs.
New approaches of rehabilitation organization improving in orthopedic dental care for the elderly people
Authors: Naziya Kamiyeva , Galina Kausova , Kubeysin Altynbekov , Zul’ya Kamiyeva
Published: August 2022

Scientific research on the development of issues of optimization of gerontological care is traditionally conducted in the field of somatic pathology and, to a lesser extent, in the field of dental care. Purpose of the study is to determine the socio-hygienic dental status, the need for the elderly population in the "Center for the provision of special and social services", the Great Patriotic War polyclinic and in the dental clinic of JSC NMU im. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan. Research objectives: 1. To analyze the influence of the state of dental health on the quality of life of elderly and senile people. 2. To assess some of the physicochemical properties of the oral fluid (salivation rate, viscosity and acid-base state) in the examined group of persons. 3. To study the features of some biochemical parameters of the oral fluid in elderly and senile people (calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, protein, TBA-active products). 4. To evaluate the effectiveness in the complex treatment and prevention of dental diseases in elderly and senile patients for: the clinical course of the disease, some physicochemical and biochemical parameters of the oral fluid, the state of the dental health of these persons and the level of their quality of life.
Assessing knowledge and attitude of Thai citizens towards cannabidiol products
Authors: Katanyuwong Pawat
Published: August 2022

Cannabis related products are frequently found in Thailand because Cannabis sativa had passed the law in 2018. This study used cross-sectional survey method aimed to investigate Thai people knowledge and perspectives towards the utilization of cannabidiol products. The survey was done by a set of online questionnaires constructed by the researcher and tested content validity by experts and reliability by Cronbach’s alpha. The results showed that there were 470 participants with female majority (57.9%) and aged between 41 – 60 years old (37.0%). 42.8% of them had experience of using cannabinol products, which were for only food and drinks (21.29%), cannabinol oil sublingually (18.32%), massage oil (3.96%), respectively. The mean knowledge regarding cannabinol product use and effects was 6.55 out of 13 (SD±2.95) and mean perspectives toward cannabinol product use was 8.82 out of 12 (SD±2.32). Moreover, I found significant correlation between perspective and experience of cannabinol product use (p<0.001) as well as gender (p<0.001). Thai people have knowledge on cannabis but with limited extent especially side effect and toxicity of cannabinol substances and observed to hold a positive attitude towards cannabidiol products usage.
Maternal outcomes following delivery at Community Health Centers in Dili, 2018
Authors: Matos Livio Da Conceicao , Francis Josh , Yan Jennifer , Monteiro Ermelinda , Carvalho Eugenia , Deus Eliza De , Sagurado Agostinha
Published: August 2022

Background: Maternal death is a big problem around the world and it is often preventable. Almost every country faced the same problem although the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) varies between countries. Maternal death is tragedy for individual women, for families, and for communities because maternal death has implications for the whole family and an impact that rebounds across generations. According to data from the WHO, everyday in 2017, approximately 810 women died from preventable causes related to pregnancy and child birth (WHO, 2019). Over the last twenty years, there has been good progress worldwide to decrease maternal mortality (Sai et al, 2014). In Timor-Leste the maternal mortality rate decreased from 557 per 100,000 livebirths in 2010 to 218 per 100,000 livebirths in 2015. However, this is still very high. This MMR is still one of the highest in the world. (DHS TL 2010 and DHS TL 2015). Establishment of Basic Emergency Obstetric Care (BEmOC), poor road condition, limitation of staff capacity for caesarian section are considered as contributable factors to the maternal death in Timor-Leste.
Phytochemical estimation and evaluation of antioxidant activity of hydro-alcoholic and ethylacetate extracts of Tribulus terrestris linn. (gokhru) and Solanum nigrum linn (makoi)
Authors: Goel Kirti , Singh Randhir , Saini Vipin , Bansal Seema
Published: August 2022

Tribulus terrestris L. and Solanum nigrum L. has been used traditionally since ages. To explore the phytoconstituents (qualitatively and quantitatively) and estimate antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts of fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. and Solanum nigrum. Different methods were adopted for phytochemical screening. Evaluation of antioxidant potential was achieved by total anti-oxidant capacity assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, DPPH radical-scavenging activity, Nitric oxide radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay. The qualitative estimation of fruits of Tribulus terrestris L and of Solanum nigrum L. showed the presence of various phytoconstituents likewise tannins, saponins, flavonoids and terpenoids. Quantitative estimation revealed the presence of flavonoids (5.01%w/w), saponins (0.70%w/w), and terpenoids (0.013%w/w) in fruits of Tribulus terrestris L. whereas presence of flavonoids (10.46%w/w), saponins (11.02%w/w) and terpenoids (0.034%w/w) was found in fruits of Solanum nigrum L. It can be concluded that both the extracts of   Tribulus terrestris L and Solanum nigrum L possess significant antioxidant activity.
COVID-19 pandemic emergency for the doctrine of asymmetric warfare
Authors: Halkis Mhd , Yacobus David , Suhirwan Suhirwan
Published: August 2022

Several countries that have involved the military in handling Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been relatively successful. The authors researched the doctrine of asymmetric warfare during the COVID-19 pandemic emergency. The Indonesian government assigns the Indonesian National Army (TNI) during an emergency. Help to support the smooth circulation of fulfilling the population's basic needs, cross-regional population transportation, crime is not widespread, offices continue to run with restrictions on the number of people working, and the economy recovers quickly. This research framework uses moral philosophy. Deontological views and utilitarianism become the main assessment instruments to build the doctrine of asymmetric warfare. This research uses a case study approach. The study results show that the Indonesian people see the emergency condition of the COVID-19 pandemic as an asymmetrical warfare. The government is aware of the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic occurring at various government levels in terms of spread, duration, and number. All resources are used to deal with COVID-19, including the military, because civil society does not have many facilities and capabilities of TNI personnel.
Obstacles to practicing school scouting activities from the point of view of the scout team leaders in Thi Qar governorate
Authors: Talib Habib Abdullah
Published: August 2022

The school is a social institution established by the community to educate and educate its children and to help them grow and develop mentally, kinesthetically, socially and emotionally with the life they live in the past, present and future. Within the framework of this philosophy, to develop the students’ personality, direct their inclinations, reveal their abilities and aptitudes in the school fields, and the school scouting activity is one of the important educational activities that aim to educate the individual in a balanced manner, provide many opportunities for moral and social formation, develop national responsibility, and implant in the hearts of its members loyalty and belonging to the homeland. Scouting is A global movement through which workers work to help the youth to develop their personality by providing them with mental, social, physical and health experiences. Hence the importance of this study to reveal those scouting obstacles from the point of view of the scout team leaders in Thi Qar Governorate, and to stand on the aspects of strength and development and aspects of weakness and to make recommendations
Mitochondrial dna copy number by RT-PCR in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus in south Indian population
Authors: Sathya Sathya , Bupesh Giridharan , Vasanth S.
Published: August 2022

Mitochondria have its own DNA called Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)). There are many reasons behind Mitochondrial dysfunction, may be due to point mutations, deletions, and variations in Mitochondrial DNA  copy number. Pregnant women affected with GDM are associated with some alterations in mitochondria DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN). The aim of this study is to check the changes in mtDNA-CN using real-time PCR in pregnant women who are diagnosed with GDM. 25 GDM affected pregnant women and 25 healthy pregnant women were enrolled for this study. Peripheral mitochondrial copy number was checked by Real Time PCR . The result shown a mild decrease in mtDNA-CN in the pregnant women who are affected with GDM when compared to the healthy pregnant women. This reduction or variation in mitochondria DNA CN can leads to mitochondrial dysfunction.
To study prevalance of anaemia in early post partum period
Authors: Narrey Nidhi , Trichal Parul , Chhabda Komal , Batham Sonu Kumar
Published: August 2022

In India, anaemia is the most prevalent cause of morbidity in women. The health of the foetus is also affected. The most common cause is iron deficiency anaemia, which is aggravated by pregnancy-related hemodilution. Blood loss during labour and additional factors like pph and episiotomy cause anaemia to worsen and become more common. Between November and December 2021, we conducted an observational study at the district hospital in Chhindwara. All patients who delivered vaginally had their haemoglobin levels checked. In our study, we looked at 300 patients, 273 of whom had anaemia. There were 190 patients with mild anaemia, 77 with moderate anaemia, and 6 with severe anaemia. About 65% of patients had spacing of less than three years, and about 35% had spacing of more than 3 years. Anemia was most severe in second para patients. We conclude that 91% of women had post-partum anaemia. The high prevalence of post-partum anaemia highlights the significance of diagnosing and treating prepartum anaemia as well as spreading awareness of the ideal childbearing interval, which may represent a key strategy for lowering the prevalence of anaemia.
review of nickel titanium alloy for orthodontic arch wires
Authors: Mahmood Abeer Basim , Alhuwaizi Akram Faisal , Hussein Mohammed Razzaq
Published: August 2022

NiTi alloys are in demand in commercial and biomedical industries. This article discusses Ni-Ti alloy characteristics and applications. Ni-Ti is a smart material that can demonstrate thermal-induced shape memory at lower operational temperatures. Its biomedical applications are described. Biomedical industry end products must pass many biocompatibility testing. Biomedical implants must pass haemocompatibility, lysis and thrombogenicity. All the precise approaches and procedures aid with selection.
Study on anti-phospholipid syndrome and tumor necrosis factor in woman with recurrent spontaneous abortion in wasit province
Authors: Hasan Nabaa A. , Gattia Kadhum J. , Abd Albaree Hazem I.
Published: August 2022

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as the loss of pregnancy for at least two respectively times before the fetus reaches the twenty-four week of pregnancy, and its causes are multiple, some of which are known, but 50% of them are still unexplained. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), is one of the autoimmune diseases that can cause blood clots and lead to abortionor loss of the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy. The study included 44 women who had repeated spontaneous abortions (two abortions or more) as well as two control groups (pregnant and healthy) who numbered 44 women, where 22 are naturally pregnant with a period of pregnancy 1-5 months without having had a previous abortionand 22 healthy women who are not pregnant and have given birth at least one child without previous abortions.Antiphspholipid syndrome was found to have a significant effect (p ≤0.05) on abortionfor aborted women to the control group (pregnant and healthy),as well asIt was found that there was a significant rise (p ≤0.05) in the level of tumor necrosis factor for abortions compared to pregnant women.
Viruses are viruses: Keys to understand its difference with microorganisms
Authors: Carlos Navarro Venegas
Published: August 2022

Although the study of viruses is vertiginous, the study of microorganisms, such as bacteria, is also dizzying. However, they are different, both in structure and in the way they form offspring, although both may be involved in the generation of infectious diseases, both in animals and in humans. Viruses are viruses, sentence attributed to André Lwoff (Nobel Prize winner in 1965) denotes the, because although at first, they were considered similar to a poison or toxin, since they did not follow Koch's postulates, today we know much more about them and in particular how they form offspring, their taxonomy and how there is an international committee dedicated to their study and variations over time.
VOLUMEN RESIDUAL DE FRASCOS AMPOLLA Y SUBDOSIFICACIÓN DE MEDICAMENTOS PREPARADOS POR EL EQUIPO DE ENFERMERÍA
Authors: Rodrigues Witkouskas Francine , Magnabosco Patricia , Gabriele Souza Alves Luana , de Godoy Simone , Maria Marchi-Alves Leila
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Identificar volúmenes residuales en frascos ampolla luego de prepararse inyectables, asociando los errores relacionados a subdosificaciones con las clases de los
medicamentos.

Método: Estudio descriptivo, de abordaje cuantitativo. Datos recolectados entre diciembre de 2020 y setiembre de 2021 en servicio ambulatorio privado de un
municipio brasileño del noreste del Estado de São Paulo. Fueron analizados 562 frascos ampolla de medicamentos preparados por el equipo de enfermería. Se utilizó formulario, consignando nombre comercial del medicamento, clase/indicación terapéutica, fecha y hora de reconstitución, volumen utilizado para reconstituir el medicamento y volumen residual de cada frasco. Los datos fueron tabulados y analizados por estadística descriptiva y test ANOVA.

Resultados: 462 (82,2%) frascos ampolla contenían volumen residual de
entre 0,1 ml y 1,5 ml, y 165 (29,4%) contenían 0,2 ml de solución residual, con una pérdida media del 4,5% de solución. No se observó diferencia de pérdida de solución entre las diferentes clases de medicamentos.

Conclusión: Los hallazgos destacan la necesidad de intervenciones para reducir fallos en las fases de preparación de medicamentos, haciendo énfasis en los errores asociados con subdosificaciones terapéuticas.
Practical Application of “Viewpoints” for Collegiate Musical Theatre and Opera
Authors: Edgar Grace
Published: August 2022

Although singers spend hours a day working on their vocal production and musicianship, most tend to neglect their development as actors outside of the classroom and rehearsals. There is an added challenge to directing a musical or an opera in a university setting where the director is called upon to create a convincing piece of theatre before the singers have really “learned how to act” or have had the substantial life experiences required to provide emotional reference material. Directors want to give singers useful tools for their stagecraft without overwhelming them with terminology or bringing forward emotions that the students are unprepared to process. Viewpoints is accessible because it is tangible, focusing on physicalization, instead of emotion. Applying the principles of Viewpoints makes the theatrical presentation thoughtful, planned, and precise. This disciplined approach for performing a role leaves the singer free to dive into the emotion, or think about the trick of vocal technique that always secures the high note.
Analysis on The Collapse of The Large-span Roof Grid of A Gymnasium
Authors: Tian Yong , Wang Hui , Song Juan , Zhang Xun , Luo Guobo
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the method of combining on-site detection and numerical simulation analysis is used to analyze the causes of collapse accidents during the hoisting process of the grid.On-site detection found that the welding sequence of the support was unreasonable, the embedded plate and the support column, the embedded plate and the support top plate did not form an effective connection, and the embedded plate was missing. Based on the numerical simulation, the hoisting scheme and the force of the grid after the hoisting unit is in place are analyzed. The results show that, during the hoisting process and after the hoisting is completed, some of the rods in the grid system do not meet the strength and overall stability requirements.
Analysis of the impact of safety hazards in construction project management and defensive measures
Authors: He Yuhang
Published: August 2022

A construction project has the characteristics of a long-period and complex process. Moreover, the construction industry is also a high-risk industry, and there are all kinds of safety hazards in the construction process of construction projects. Therefore, safety management is the top priority. The good or bad safety management in the construction process is related to the construction progress and construction quality of construction projects and closely related to the personal safety of construction personnel. If the construction enterprise cannot provide a reliable guarantee of the quality and safety of the construction project, it will cause a severe impact on the construction enterprise. Therefore, in the construction process of construction projects, it is necessary to uphold the construction safety management principle of "safety first," which emphasizes construction safety and lays the foundation for higher construction quality in construction projects under the premise of ensuring safety.
Review Seismic Properties High-Rise Building Structures
Authors: Liu Zihao
Published: August 2022

With the continuous innovation and reform of the construction industry, the research methods of seismic performance of high-rise building structures have changed. The effect of seismic performance affects the quality and safety of high-rise buildings. For another, earthquake disasters threaten people's life and property safety, and also affect building safety. The seismic performance of buildings should be fully considered in the structural design of high-rise buildings, strictly control the key points of seismic design and improve the seismic performance of high-rise building structures. Combined with the content of seismic performance design of high-rise buildings, this paper discusses the problems existing in the design, and puts forward the corresponding solutions.
Structure and Materials of Urban Construction for Earthquakes and Fire Disasters Prevention
Authors: Zheng Jiajie
Published: August 2022

As urbanization becomes a significant factor in modern society, the security of urban constructions are very essential. This study focuses on the safety performance when urban constructions face disasters, especially earthquakes and fires, and analyzed the different structure and material methods. The results show the “chicken wire mesh” system could effectively protect the infilled structure from collapsing during an earthquake in a structural way. Furthermore, changing the ingredient or adding the admixture of concrete can also provide better anti-seismic ability with construction. In the field of fire resistance, thick timber board and ceramic concrete can effectively improve the fire-resistance ability of buildings.
The Applications of Materials, Framework, and Designs in Green Buildings
Authors: Dong Peiran
Published: August 2022

Facing environmental pollution and resource waste, the green building becomes more and more popular. This study analyses the advantages and future trends of green buildings from the green building materials, framework, and design. Green buildings were proposed in the 20th century and slowly developed into the dominant architectural model today. The application of green building concepts in architecture focuses on three components of green materials, green frames, and green design. Green materials are the basis for the implementation of the green building concept, more and more high-performance, environmentally friendly green materials have been developed, effectively reducing environmental pollution and harm to the human body. The green framework is an integral part of the implementation of the green building concept, and the green framework composed of green materials can effectively use natural energy to replace or convert it into advanced energy, effectively reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution. Green design is the specific performance of the combination of the green building concept and the building, both improving building beauty and the environmental quality. It indicates that the concept of the green building makes better use of energy to create personalized buildings that are harmless to the environment and better use energy, providing residents with a more comfortable environment.
Embodiment and Technical Application of Biophilia in Private Space
Authors: Ma Xiaoqi , Shao Nicole , Yin Yifei
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of urbanization and the current global epidemic of covid-19, our urban construction seems to be less connected to the natural world, ecological diversity is decreasing, and the relationship between human beings and nature is gradually weakening. At present, the proposal of a new design concept, biophilic design, has created a way that modern society can return to the essence of human beings. As Biophilia means "love for life and living systems", this design philosophy incorporates the essence of our lives and as a way of design brings nature into the environment in which we live and work. Design stimulates human cognition of nature from all senses, brings nature into the built environment, creates a space with a sense of comfort and well-being, and promotes sustainable development. Diversity of life can be preserved, and the relationship between human beings and nature can be harmonious. However, there are still a series of problems and challenges in the process of biophilic design practice. In this study, the concept and importance of biophilia are discussed, examines the issues and challenges of biophilic design for intimate spaces, expounds on how biophilic design builds the unification of indoor and outdoor spaces and discusses the process of biophilic design Whether privacy is preserved or rediscovered.