bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of low amniotic fluid index and its effect on perinatal outcome
Authors: Kumari Nisha , Tiwari Nisha
Published: May 2023

AFI may be an important predictor for deciding timing of delivery and adverse maternal and fetal outcome. Hence, we aimed at determining whether an antepartum low amniotic fluid index (AFI) is a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in normal pregnancy and to determine a threshold level of AFI that could predict an adverse outcome.

This study was conducted as an observational study on a total of 100 antenatal females presenting with term pregnancy at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lord Mahavir Civil Hospital, Ludhiana during study period. Detailed history and clinical examination was done. AFI was assessed with help of USG.

The study was conducted on a total of 100 antenatal females. AFI was <5 in 38%. Low AFI was associated with LSCS and negative fern test was statistically significant (p<0.05). We observed a significant association of low AFI with low birth weight, poor APGAR score at 1 as well as 5 minutes and higher risk of NICU admission (p<0.05). The area under the curve and sensitivity as well as specificity at cutoff (4.5) was maximum for NICU admission followed by LSCS (p<0.05).

AFI is an important determinant of adverse maternal and fetal outcome. AFI <5 is associated with adverse maternal outcome in the form of higher operative delivery and adverse fetal outcome i.e. low birth weight, meconium stained liquor, low APGAR score and higher NICU admission. Intensive intrapartum care along with fetal surveillance may help in minimizing adverse perinatal outcomes.
Analysis of factors increasing the risk of prelabour rupture of membranes and its effect on fetomaternal outcome
Authors: Tiwari Shraddha , Mishra Nitu , Kumar Aruna
Published: May 2023

Perinatal morbidity and mortality due to prelabour rupture of membranesPROM) is 18-20% and 21.4% respectively. Multiple risk factors are associated with the development of PROM. Limited data is available on the risk factors of term PROM and relation of its duration with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes from India.

To assessfactors increasing the risk of PROM and effect of duration of rupture of membranes on fetomaternal outcome.

Five hundred and ten patients presented with term PROM in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sultania Zanana Hospital, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh (M.P.) from December 2018 to February 2019 were studied. After the detailed history, sociodemographic details, risk factors for PROM and neonatal outcomes were recorded.

PROM was more common in women with age 21-25years (73.3%), who were housewife (92.5%), were underweight (21.37%), were from the rural area (58.4%), belong to lower SES (62.8%) and were primigravida (59.2%). Majority were leaking for 13-24 hours (70.2%). Majority (85.64%) of patients had spontaneous onset of labour in less than 24 hours of PROM and 28(14.35%) went into spontaneous labour after 24 hours of PROM. Most common risk factor was malpresentation (46.52%) followed by history of PROM (30.04%), Polyhydramnios (13.19%), multiple pregnancy (10.99%) and febrile illness (6.96%). Out of 312 women who had vaginal delivery, labour was induced in 87.82% women. The most common indication for Caesarean section was previous 1 LSCS (13.1%), followed by fetal distress (8.6%), breech presentation (7.3%) and cephalopelvic disproportion (2.9%). Most of the women presenting with PROM were delivered vaginally (61.2%), while 38.8% women underwent caesarean section. Out of 529 babies, 6.24% were admitted in NICU. Majority of the neonates were admitted for 3 days (39.39%).

PROM is associated with poor fetomaternal outcome and timely diagnosis and prompt management is required for better outcome.
A randomised double blind clinical study on effect between clomiphene citrate plus metformin and clomiphene citrate alone on induction of ovulation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Chakraborty Anwesha , Dwibedi Debasmita , Das Chandana , Ghosh Debnath
Published: May 2023

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of women of reproductive age-group, characterised by a combination of hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. It is one of the most common cause of hyperandrogenism, hirsutism and anovulatory infertility. The aim of the study is to determine & compare the rate of ovulation, regularisation of menstrual cycle and rate of pregnancy by use of combination of Clomiphene citrate and Metformin & with use of Clomiphene citrate alone in patients with PCOS.

A total 110 patients (55 in each group) having primary subfertility and diagnosed as PCOS in age group of 18 to 40 years of age, selected between April 2017 – March 2018. The primary outcome i.e, incidence of ovulation was detected by folliculometry. The secondary outcomes, i.e, regularisation of menstrual cycle & Pregnancy rates were taken into account and compared in both the groups.

Overall ovulation was found highest at the end of 3rd cycle of ovulation induction, 48.8% and 41% respectively in each group. The Primary outcome was significantly higher in group a given combination of clomiphene citrate and metformin (83.3%) with respect to group B given clomiphene citrate only (65.9%). The secondary outcomes were significantly higher in group given CC plus metformin (89.6%). Pregnancy rates were higher in 1st group 33.3% than 2nd group (20.5%).

In the present study one group was given combination of Clomiphene citrate with metformin and another group was given clomiphene citrate only for ovulation induction. It was found that combination of clomiphene citrate and metformin was more effective in induction of ovulation in women suffering from PCOS when compared to induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate alone.
A case of missed mixed germ cell tumor of ovary in pregnancy
Authors: Pais Janice A , Fernandes Venita Roshal , Rao Sujaya V
Published: May 2023

Ovarian germ cell tumor accounts for 18-26% of all ovarian cancers complicating pregnancy. This is a rare case of mixed germ cell tumor of ovary, misdiagnosed antenatally as uterine fibroid.

A 34-year-old primigravida at 37 weeks + 5 days POG came in latent labor. Term scan showed fibroid of 11x 9cms in posterior wall in lower uterine segment with central cystic area. She underwent emergency LSCS and delivered a male baby weighing 2.005 kg. On exteriorization of uterus, a 10 x 8 cm necrotic mass was present posterior to uterus in rectovaginal space measuring 10 x 8 cm. It was concluded as FIGO Stage IC1 ovarian carcinoma.

Histopathology of the mass showed mixed germ cell tumor: 60% yolk sac tumor and 40% dysgerminoma.

MRI done after 2 weeks showed a lesion of 10.4 x 9.5 x 7.3 cm in rectovaginal pouch compressing and displacing the rectum posteriorly and to the left side, also displacing uterus and bladder anteriorly, Left ovary normal, Right ovary not visualized. Hence, she received 4 cycles of chemo comprising cisplatin and etoposide.

After chemo, PET scan showed a lesion of 6.7x 6.2 x 4.2 cm in the rectovaginal area just right to the midline with right ovary not being visualized separately. Hence, she underwent laparoscopic right oophorectomy. Histopathology showed extensive regressive changes with occasional scattered atypical cells with no conclusive evidence of residual tumor. Follow up serum LDH and AFP are within normal limits and advised to follow up once in 3 months to look for any recurrences.

: Any mass during pregnancy even if found to be benign, should be further evaluated and monitored regularly to reduce the morbidity /mortality to the mother.
A rare case of pedunculated vulval angiomyofibroblastoma
Authors: Thammiah Jayanthy , Mannem Chethana
Published: May 2023

A rare benign mesenchymal tumour that predominantly occurs in lower genital tract, more frequently vulvo vaginal areas of young to middle-aged women, rarely occurs in retroperitoneum. It needs to be differentiated from other benign conditions like Gartner’s duct cyst, epithelial inclusion cyst, fibroepithelial polyps. It grows more slowly and is non tender, non invasive, and have least tendency for local recurrence. The histologic findings of the tumors are abundant thin-walled blood vessels with hypocellular and hypercellular areas. Almost all tumor cells have immunoreactivity for both desmin and vimentin. It also has estrogen and/or progesterone receptors, but staining for cytokeratin is negative. Here is a case of AMFB of the vulva occurring in a 62-year-old woman, involving the left labia majora. The patient described that her vulva mass grew over few years. The dimension of the tumor was measured as 18*12*4 cms. Excision biopsy done and sent for histopathology.
Ministério Público Federal como uma grade de proteção da democracia brasileira
Authors: Garbaccio Grace Ladeira , Sopas de Melo Bandeira Gonçalo Nicolau Cerqueira , Costa Igor Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

A Constituição Federal de 1988, no caput do art. 127, confere a guarda do regime democrático brasileiro ao Ministério Público, instituição que conquistou independência, amplo leque de atuação processual e garantias idênticas às do Poder Judiciário, justamente em cumprimento à sua missão constitucional. Desde 2014, é possível visualizar no Brasil manifestações que traziam em si pautas antidemocráticas, em uma clara subversão à Constituição Federal e até mesmo à legislação penal. A literatura tem indicado que governos autoritários chegam ao poder em cenários semelhantes a esse, em um uso constante da máquina democrática para implementem suas pautas autocráticas. O objetivo aqui é explorar de que forma o Ministério Público Federal tem se comportado quanto ao pleno cumprimento do disposto no art. 127, da Constituição, ou seja, o que tem feito a instituição em relação à guarda da democracia e dos valores desse regime ameaçado pela atual conjuntura política do país. Além disso, compreender como os membros da instituição enxergam esse papel constitucional. No que tange à metodologia, a pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo natureza empírica, abordagem qualitativa e delineamento descritivo. A coleta de dados se deu através de entrevistas com roteiros semiestruturados, realizadas com 50 procuradores da República nos três níveis da carreira. A análise dos dados foi realizada com os métodos de análise de conteúdo e process-tracing. Concluiu-se que o MPF tem falhado em proteger a democracia, o que se caracteriza pela falta de ação da instituição.
Dignidad y Derechos Humanos tras la pandemia del Covid-19
Authors: Aparisi Miralles Angela
Published: May 2023

A pandemia do Covid-19 gerou uma profunda crise que afetou toda a humanidade. A dor e o sofrimento tornaram-se omnipresentes, independentemente da classe social, nacionalidade ou raça: centenas de milhares de mortes, dezenas delas muito queridas e próximas, sofrimento coletivo indescritível, desemprego maciço e material, psicológico e que ainda não conseguimos avaliar. Apesar de seus terríveis aspectos negativos, esta crise é também uma Cátedra da qual nos estão sendo ministradas master classes de valor incalculável, tanto pessoal quanto socialmente. No que diz respeito ao Direito, na medida em que deve partir sempre da realidade, compreender e interpretar o tempo presente pode ajudar-nos a obter lições também nesta área. A pergunta então poderia ser a seguinte: o que a pandemia do Coronavírus pode nos ensinar sobre a pessoa humana e sua dignidade? Esta crise tornou visíveis muitas dimensões humanas que antes eram invisíveis. Também nos mostrou que há coisas que precisamos mudar, porque tivemos que enfrentá-las de uma maneira diferente. Nesta linha, minha intenção é contribuir com algumas breves reflexões que possam ajudar a responder à questão levantada acima.
Концепция и реальность формирования идеи гражданского общества
Authors: Пенионжек Е.В.
Published: May 2023

В статье рассматриваются особенности формирования идейных компонентов понятия «гражданское общество». Указано понимание составляющих в рамках общественной мысли ряда эпох, последовательно сменяющих признаки понятия в зависимости от типа мировоззрения, опосредующего воззрения мыслителей. Показывается значимость современной западной философии, трактующей гражданское общество как движущую силу развития общественно-экономических отношений. Указывается, что особый путь развития российской государственности и права, поддерживающий идеи авторитаризма как традиции для российской действительности, показывает векторы развития непохожей на европейские «стандарты» демократизации нашего общества, демонстрирует своеобразие и самобытность линии совершенствования социальных отношений. Раскрыты ключевые структурные элементы гражданского общества. В историко-философском ключе показаны подходы к осмыслению вопросов понимания особенностей современного гражданского общества.
Cтилистические особенности фортепианных сочинений Сергея Ивановича Танеева
Authors: Лядов В.И.
Published: May 2023

В статье обобщаются результаты исследования способов творческого наследия выдающегося русского композитора и музыкального теоретика, создателя масштабных трудов в области полифонии Сергея Ивановича Танеева. Обосновывается вывод о полифоническом стиле композиторского мышления С.И. Танеева, выявляется специфика его фортепианных сочинений, основывающихся на стремлении к усложнению музыкальных форм и стилевой синтез.
Анализ изменения тестостерона и пролактина у женщин с нарушением менструального цикла
Authors: Опашинина А.А. , Боровкова П.Е. , Удачина В.В. , Фертикова Н.С.
Published: May 2023

В статье представлены данные о содержании тестостерона и пролактина в крови женщин, имеющих нарушения менструального цикла. Проведены расчѐты между наличием повышенного или пониженного уровня гормонов в крови и нарушениями менструального цикла.
MENSAGEM AO LEITOR
Authors: Rosário Maria José Aviz do
Published: May 2023

Editorial - v.4, n.2, 2020
DIREITO DAS CRIANÇAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA À EDUCAÇÃO NO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO TEÓRICO
Authors: Melo Clarice Nascimento de , Gama Rarima Monteiro , Pereira Gleice Coelho
Published: May 2023

A presente revisão de literatura tem como objetivo apresentar o histórico de construção dos principais direitos das PCD, e em especial das Crianças com Deficiência, à Educação Inclusiva, apontados na literatura selecionada, utilizando como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica. A literatura indica que apesar dos avanços registrados no desenvolvimento no âmbito legislativo e das políticas públicas, iniciados no Brasil nas primeiras décadas do século XX, e destacados nos últimos 50 anos, problemas na formação docente, e relativos ao financiamento público da educação especial, constituem-se em ameaças aos direitos estabelecidos das PCD ao acesso à educação pública e de qualidade.
TRAJETÓRIA DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO BÁSICA DE JOVENS DE COMUNIDADES POPULARES VINCULADAS/OS AO PROGRAMA CONEXÕES DE SABERES – PCS/UFPA
Authors: Rosário Maria José Aviz do , Pimentel Thais Pimenta , Costa Jesus de Nazaré De Lima
Published: May 2023

O artigo aborda a trajetória de escolarização básica de jovens de comunidades populares vinculados ao programa Conexões de Saberes – PCS/UFPA, com o objetivo de registro, divulgação e ampliação do debate sobre garantia de direitos educacionais. Foi desenvolvido a partir da análise das narrativas contidas nos memoriais produzidos pelos jovens nos anos de 2009 e 2010 e em fontes bibliográficas; articula-se à tese de que a garantia da escolarização básica do ponto de vista quantitativo e qualitativo permite que grupos marginalizados tenham “voz” e que a busca por conhecimento é umas das alternativas de autonomia às classes populares, silenciadas historicamente. A análise das narrativas permite afirmar que as/os jovens do PCS buscaram este caminho.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES ANALÍTICO-COMPORTAMENTAIS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Rosa Larissa Rodrigues
Published: May 2023

A defesa da inclusão de pessoas com deficiência na escola regular nem sempre foi aceita como nos dias atuais. A noção de inclusão escolar enquanto direito de todos surgiu num contexto histórico, econômico e social. O presente ensaio teórico se propõe a: Descrever o percurso histórico da perspectiva inclusiva no ensino de pessoas com deficiência; Apresentar explicações, a partir da perspectiva analítico-comportamental, a respeito dos comportamentos que favorecem e dificultam o processo de inclusão, e; Apresentar intervenções comportamentais que contribuem para a educação inclusiva. Para tanto, se faz necessário resgatar o histórico, não apenas da educação especial como da própria noção de escola como ferramenta essencial para a educação das crianças e jovens. E finalmente, apresentar uma breve análise acerca das recentes discussões sobre inclusão escolar em uma perspectiva analítico-comportamental.
bell hooks e a transgressão pela presença: inquietações mobilizadas no trânsito pandêmico
Authors: Scorsolini-Comin Pablo
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste ensaio crítico é problematizar a questão da categoria “presença” abordada como uma das condições essenciais da educação libertadora na proposta da escritora afro-americana bell hooks (1952-2021), tendo como cenário de referência a educação não presencial desenvolvida no trânsito pandêmico. Será abordada a proposta da educação libertadora diante da necessidade de refletir sobre o intercurso pandêmico, sendo analisados em profundidade dois elementos enfatizados na obra da autora: a voz e o corpo. A partir do exemplo de grupos de reflexão on-line conduzidos com estudantes de enfermagem apresenta-se uma estratégia pedagógica capaz de reconhecer e valorizar a voz de diferentes atores do processo educacional, priorizando o encontro para além da presença tradicionalmente defendida nos espaços formativos: um encontro que espera, resiste e luta pela possibilidade da presença genuína.
Experiência de Aprendizagem Mediada de Reuven Feuerstein: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Dos Santos Lima Fabio , Schüssler D'Aroz Marlene
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma revisão sistemática de literatura produzida no Brasil sobre a Experiência de Aprendizagem Mediada (EAM), com estudantes da educação básica, considerando estudos de Reuven Feuerstein, no período de 2000 a 2020, em português, espanhol e inglês, em quatro bases de dados: BVS, SciELO, Periódicos Capes e Pepsic, com os descritores: Aprendizagem Mediada, Mediação, Mediação Docente, Professor Mediador, Pedagogia e mediação, Aprendizaje Mediado, Mediación, Mediación Docente, Maestro Mediador, Pedagogía y mediación, Feuerstein, Mediated Learning Experience, Mediated Learning, Modificabilidade, utilizando o operador OR e AND. A análise evidenciou estudos sobre a EAM na educação especial e na formação docente, mas também mostrou a carência de pesquisas sobre a EAM em relação aos alunos da educação básica de forma geral. Conclui-se que a aprendizagem mediada de Feuerstein é pouco investigada, indicando a necessidade de compreender e interpretar a importância do tema para a educação.
Prolegómenos de la democracia y la primera Constitución del siglo XXI1 (1979-1980)
Authors: Gálvez Montero José
Published: May 2023

Los doce años del Gobierno Revolucionario de las Fuerzas Armadas mostraron una serie de transformaciones que debían constar en la Constitución;la más conocida fue la intervención estatal en la economía, que incidió en lossectores agrario, industrial y educativo, entre otros. La más trascendental fuela propuesta de los legisladores de colocar a la Constitución como norma suprema y protectora de los derechos fundamentales que revalore la dignidaddel hombre como eje de la sociedad y del Estado, a partir del neoconstitucionalismo. Así, el derecho dejaba el análisis exclusivamente legal para sustituirlo por uno que abarcaba la interpretación como principio, argumento y contexto, vinculada con este prolegómeno.
O informalismo no Brasil: Lourival Gomes Machado e a 5ª bienal internacional de São Paulo
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo, Fernandes Ana Cândida F. de Avelar
Published: May 2023

A 5a Bienal Internacional de São Paulo, realizada pelo crítico e historiador da arte Lourival Gomes Machado em 1959, mostrou e premiou um grande número de artistas informais, tanto internacionais como brasileiros. A premiação de três nomes de relevo do cenário informalista local – Yolanda Mohalyi (aquisição pelo Museu de Arte Moderna de São Paulo), Arthur Luiz Piza (melhor gravador nacional) e Manabu Mabe (melhor pintor nacional) – pode ser considerada um marco significativo da penetração da abstração informal no país, bem como o prêmio de pintura internacional entregue ao espanhol Modesto Cuixart.
Fontes gravadas de algumas pinturas da capela da santíssima trindade em Tiradentes
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Abreu Clara Habib de Salles
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo pretende refletir como a produção pictórica da colônia mineira absorveu e assimilou, sem perder de vista suas particularidades, preceitos estéticos circulantes na sociedade artística europeia desenvolvidos e divulgados a partir do Renascimento Italiano. Pretende-se analisar como o exercício prático da utilização de gravuras internacionais como modelo iconográfico para a produção pictórica foi de grande importância nesse processo de assimilação. Para isso toma-se como estudo de caso a análise de quatro pinturas localizadas na Capela da Santíssima Trindade em Tiradentes, Minas Gerais e seus respectivos modelos iconográficos em gravura.
A reflexão sobre a passagem do tempo e suas representações no Renascimento
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Silva Isabel Hargrave Gonçalves da
Published: May 2023

Minha pesquisa de mestrado é centrada no Retrato do Cardeal Cristóforo Madruzzo, de Tiziano, pertencente ao acervo do MASP [img.1]. Eu comecei essa pesquisa na Iniciação Científica sob orientação do professor Luiz Marques e, ao mesmo tempo em que partia para a investigação de conhecer a personagem do quadro, seu pintor e as condições de execução da obra, fui percebendo quanto espaço, quanta pesquisa e reflexão poderiam surgir de um detalhe desse quadro. Um detalhe que, entretanto, é verdadeiramente o personagem da obra, o relógio mecânico. O Cardeal abre a cortina pesada, de um vermelho vibrante e tencionado pelas estrias brancas para apresentar o relógio ao espectador. A pintura é uma verdadeira mis-en-scène do relógio. Não apenas isso, o relógio também nos diz algo. Ele marca uma hora certa (coisa rara na representação de relógios nessa época), e a mesma data de execução do quadro (1552), inscrita no alto à direita, aparece gravada em escorso na lateral da caixa metálica, adornada também com o brasão da família Madruzzo.
A História da Arte do Islã: em busca de uma identidade
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Cherem Youssef
Published: May 2023

Surgindo no século XIX como uma intersecção de estudos linguísticos, históricos e arqueológicos (o “Orientalismo”) e da história da arte, e estabelecendo-se institucionalmente a partir da segunda metade do século XX, primeiramente nos Estados Unidos, a história da arte dos povos muçulmanos (sob as rubricas de “História da Arte do Islã” ou “História da Arte Islâmica”) vem se estabelecendo como campo de estudos e como subdisciplina acadêmica no âmbito da História da Arte. A história da arte nas culturas islâmicas apresenta desafios particulares na sua inserção na disciplina de história da arte. Em primeiro lugar, há o problema de definição e circunscrição desse campo de estudos: os vários termos pelos quais é conhecido revelam a ambiguidade do termo islã como crença (a religião islâmica) e como matriz cultural (a “civilização islâmica”), e uma falta de clareza em relação à extensão e validade no espaço e no tempo da caracterização de uma produção artística como “islâmica”.
Primary Nodal Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Rare Presentation
Authors: TEKİN Emel , ÖZEN Alaattin , GÜRBÜZ Melek
Published: May 2023

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a very rare high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma that is frequently located in the skin. Although most cases are associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus, there are also cases in which the virus cannot be detected. The purpose of presenting the case of MCC with primary nodal involvement is due to its rare presentation.

A 59-year-old male patient presented to the hospital with painless mass in the neck. Imaging analyses revealed necrotic lymphadenopathies on the neck, measuring up to 4.5 cm in size. After an explorative surgery with preliminary diagnoses of lymphoma and squamous cell carcinoma , samples taken from the excised mass showed high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma morphology. In addition to neuroendocrine markers, CK7 and CK20 positivity were observed in the immunohistochemical tests performed. As a result, the case was evaluated in favor of MCC with negativity of markers performed to exclude other malignancies. Subsequently, a diagnosis of primary nodal MCC was made due to the absence of a different focus other than lymph node on PET imaging analysis.

The differential diagnosis should be kept broad due to the histopathological morphology of small round cell malignant tumors. In addition in high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, the possibility of MCC should be ruled out especially if CK20 positivity is present. Although is has been reported that primary nodal MCC cases have a better clinical course compared to nodal metastatic cases with a known primary, there are limited case series studies on this topic. A multisystem approach is recommended for proper clinical management.
Energy Based True Definition of Cosmic Red Shift and Quantum Halt of the Current Universe Having Light Speed Rotation
Authors: Seshavatharam U. V. Satya , Lakshminarayana S.
Published: May 2023

We appeal the science community to review the basic definition of wavelength dependent cosmic red shift. We would like to emphasize the point that, the true cosmic red shift must be defined as the ratio of loss in energy of photon to the energy of photon at galaxy. In terms of wavelength, photon red shift must be defined as the ratio of change in wavelength to the observed wavelength of photon. Considering the recent paper pertaining to cosmic halt authored by Cosmin Andrei, Anna Ijjas, and Paul J. Steinhardt and reviewed by Saul Perlmutter, in this paper we propose a very simple model of the universe having early stage light speed expansion and current stage quantum halt accompanied by continuous light speed rotation. In this context, representing early cosmic expansion and rotation as an outward spiral, it seems possible to consider Hubble’s law as a representation of current cosmic light speed rotation having no further expansion. To understand the current cosmic halt, we are proposing very simple and very strange atomic and nuclear relations that constitute Hubble parameter and gravitational constant. Qualitatively and quantitatively, gravitational potential energy of proton and electron separated by a distance of root mean square radius of proton seems to be equal to half the product of reduced Planck’s constant and current Hubble parameter. Based on uncertainty condition, it needs further study, observations and analysis.
Therapeutic Potential of Heterocyclic Compounds Targeting Mitochondrial Calcium Homeostasis and Signaling in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Tapias Victor , González-Andrés Paula , Peña Laura F. , Barbero Asunción , Núñez Lucía , Villalobos Carlos
Published: May 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are the two most common neurodegenerative diseases in elderly. The key histopathological features of these diseases are the presence of abnormal protein aggregates and the progressive and irreversible loss of neurons in specific brain regions. The exact mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of AD or PD remain unknown, but there is extensive evidence indicating that excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) along with a depleted antioxidant system, mitochondrial dysfunction, and intracellular Ca2+ dyshomeostasis play a vital role in the pathophysiology of these neurological disorders. Due to an improvement in life expectancy, the incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases has significantly increased. However, there is no effective protective treatment or therapy available but rather only very limited palliative treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of preventive strategies and disease-modifying therapies to treat AD/PD. Because dysregulated Ca2+ metabolism drives oxidative damage and neuropathology in these diseases, the identification or development of compounds capable of restoring Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling may provide a neuroprotective avenue for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, a set of strategies to control mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling has been reported, including decreased Ca2+ uptake through voltage-operated Ca2+ channels (VOCCs). In this article, we review the modulatory effects of several heterocyclic compounds on Ca2+ homeostasis and trafficking, and their ability to regulate compromised mitochondrial function and associated free radical production during the onset and progression of AD or PD. This comprehensive review also describes the chemical synthesis of the heterocycles and summarizes the clinical trial outcomes.
Probability Distribution-Guided Adversarial Sample Attacks
Authors: Li Hongying , Yu Miaomiao , Li Xiaofei , Zhang Jun , Li Shuohao , Lei Jun , Huang Hairong
Published: May 2023

In recent years, with the rapid development of technology, artificial intelligence(AI) security issues represented by adversarial sample attack have aroused widespread concern in society. Adversarial samples are often generated by surrogate models and then transfer to attack the target model, and most AI models in real-world scenarios belong to black boxes, thus transferability becomes a key factor to measure the quality of adversarial samples. The traditional method relies on the decision boundary of the classifier and takes the boundary crossing as the only judgment metric without considering the probability distribution of the sample itself, which results in an irregular way of adding perturbations to the adversarial sample, an unclear path of generation, and a lack of transferability and interpretability. In the probabilistic generative model, after learning the probability distribution of the samples, a random term can be added to the sampling to gradually transform the noise into a new independent and identically distributed sample. Inspired by this idea, we believe that by removing the random term, the adversarial sample generation process can be regarded as static sampling of the probabilistic generative model, which guides the adversarial samples out of the original probability distribution and into the target probability distribution, and helps to improve transferability and interpretability. Therefore, we propose a Score Matching-Based Attack(SMBA) method to perform the adversarial sample attacks by manipulating the probability distribution of the samples, which can show good transferability in the face of different datasets and models, and give reasonable explanations from the perspective of mathematical theory and feature space. In conclusion, our research establishes a bridge between probabilistic generative models and adversarial samples, provides a new entry angle for the study of adversarial samples, and brings new thinking to AI security.
Teratogen Potential Evaluation of the Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Leaf Extracts of Crataegus oxyacantha in Pregnancy Rats
Authors: Aguilera-Rodríguez Fany Renata , Zamora-Perez Ana Lourdes , Gutiérrez-Hernández Rosalinda , Quirarte-Báez Sol María , Estrada Claudia Araceli Reyes , Ortiz-García Yveth Marlene , Lazalde-Ramos Blanca Patriicia
Published: May 2023

Crataegus Oxyacantha is used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In related to your biosafety, only in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity of the fruit and the leaf is described, however, the teratogenic potential is unknown. The aim this study was evaluating the transplacental genotoxicity effect of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract of leaves C. oxyacantha in a rat model and the quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver. Three different doses of the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the C. oxyacantha leaf were administered orally (500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg) to Wistar rats during 5 days through the pregnancy term (16-21 days), sampling in rats were every 24 h during the last 6 days of gestation and only one sample was taken in neonates at birth. A sample of the mother's and neonate's liver was taken for the determination of MDA. The results show that, at the hepatic level, the evaluated doses of extracts C. oxyacantha in pregnant rats and their pups did not show cytotoxicity. However, the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract generated cytotoxic and genotoxic damage in the short term. On the other hand, only the aqueous extract showed a teratogenic effect. Based on these results, the aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of the C. oxyacantha leaf should not be administered during pregnancy.
Open-Plan Offices: Comparison of Methods for Measuring Psychoacoustic Intelligibility Parameters
Authors: Serrano-Ruiz Maria P. , Martinez-Gomez Erwin A. , Yarza-Acuña Jose Antonio , Ibarra-Mejia Gabriel
Published: May 2023

The acoustic conditions of open-plan office spaces influence wellbeing and productivity perceived by users, but with an inadequate evaluation for workspace, acoustic design in open-plan offices can be a factor that alters user performance. Such is the case in Mexico, where there are no adequate standards to evaluate specific acoustic conditions such as intelligibility. For this reason, this case study aims to evaluate different types of measurement methods for intelligibility. This study was carried out in a university in northern Mexico. The sound measurements were based on the Mexican standard for noise analysis and the ISO 3382- part 3 standards for acoustic measurements for open-plan offices. The psychoacoustic parameters evaluated were Reverberation and Intelligibility, using objective methods determined on S/N and subjective methods based on loss of consonant; where it was analyzed distance between sound source and zones classified by building design characteristics. The results indicated in which points the intelligibility effects increased, observing that Reverberation remained stable in this office, and that the subjective methods presented greater size of the measured sound effect than the objective methods. This finding establishes that subjective methods conformed to Lognormal behavior, which is applicable to other linguistic elements describing speech behavior.
ATO Increases ROS Production and Apoptosis of Cells by Enhancing Calpain-Mediated Degradation of the Cancer Survival Protein TG2
Authors: Jambrovics Károly , Póliska Szilárd , Scholtz Beáta , Uray Iván P. , Balajthy Zoltán
Published: May 2023

Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a critical cancer cell survival factor that activates several signaling pathways to foster drug resistance, cancer stem cell survival, metastasis, inflammation, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and chemotherapy have been the standard treatments for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), but clinical studies have shown that arsenic trioxide (ATO), alone or in combination with ATRA, can improve outcomes. ATO exerts cytotoxic effects in a variety of ways by inducing oxidative stress, genotoxicity, altered signal transduction, and/or epigenetic modification. In the present study, we showed that ATO increased ROS production and apoptosis ratios in ATRA-differentiated NB4 leukemia cells and that these responses were enhanced when TG2 was deleted. The combined ATRA+ATO treatment also increased the amount of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) transcription factor, an adaptive regulator of cellular oxidative stress response, and proteolytic activity of calpain, resulting in TG2 degradation and reduced survival of WT leukemia cells. We further showed that upon ATO treatment, the induced TG2 protein expression was degraded in the MCF-7 epithelial cell line, and primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells, thereby sensitizing these cell types to apoptotic signals.
Oxidative Stress Sensing System for 8-OHdG Detection Based on Plasma Coupled Electrochemistry by Transparent ITO/AuNTAs/PtNPs Electrode
Authors: Bai Yongchang , Li Shuang
Published: May 2023

8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was the most widely used oxidative stress biomarker of the free radical-induced oxidative damage product of DNA, which may allow a premature assessment of various diseases. This paper designed a label-free, portable biosensor device to direct detect 8-OHdG by plasma coupled electrochemistry on transparent and conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. We reported a flexible printed ITO electrode made from particle-free silver and carbon inks. After inkjet printing, the working electrode was sequentially assembled by gold nanotriangles (AuNTAs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs). This nanomaterial-modified portable biosensor showed excellent electrochemical performance for 8-OHdG detection from 10 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL by our self-developed constant voltage source integrated circuit system. This work demonstrated a portable biosensor for simultaneously integrating nanostructure, electroconductivity, and biocompatibility to construct advanced biosensors for oxidative damage biomarkers. The proposed nanomaterial modified ITO-based electrochemical portable device was a potential biosensor to approach 8-OHdG point-of-care testing (POCT) in various biological fluid samples, such as saliva and urine samples.
Age Profiles for SARS-CoV-2 Variants in England and Wales and States of the USA (2020 to 2022): Impact on All-Cause Mor-Tality
Authors: Jones Rodney P , Ponomarenko Andrey
Published: May 2023

Since 2020 COVID-19 has caused serious mortality around the world. Given the ambiguity in es-tablishing COVID-19 as the direct cause of death we first investigate the effects of age and sex upon all-cause mortality during 2020 and 2021 in England and Wales. Since infectious agents have their own unique age profile for death, we explore several methods to adjust single year of age deaths in England and Wales during 2019 (the pre-COVID-19 base year) to a pathogen-neutral single year of age baseline. This adjusted base year is then used to confirm the widely reported higher deaths in males for most ages above 43 years in both 2020 and 2021. During 2020 (+ COVID-19 but no vac-cination) both male and female population-adjusted deaths were significantly increased above age 35. A significant reduction in all-cause mortality among both males and females aged 75+ could be demonstrated in 2021 during widespread COVID–19 vaccination, however, below age 75 deaths progressively increased. This finding arises from a mix of vaccination and year of age profiles of deaths for the different SARS-CoV-2 variants. In addition, specific effects for age around puberty were demonstrated where females had higher deaths rather than males. There is evidence that year-of-birth cohorts may also be involved, indicating that immune priming to specific pathogen outbreaks in the past may lead to lower deaths for some birth cohorts. To specifically identify the age profile for the COVID-19 variants in 2020 to 2023, we employ the proportion of total deaths at each age which are potentially due to or ‘with’ COVID-19. The original Wuhan strain, and the Alpha variant show somewhat limited divergence in the age profile with the Alpha variant shifted to a moderately higher proportion of deaths below age 84. The Delta variant specifically targeted persons below age 65. The Omicron variants showed significantly lower proportion of overall mortality, with markedly higher relative proportion of deaths above age 65 steeply increasing with age to a maximum around 100 years of age. A similar age profile for the variants can be seen in the age-banded deaths in US states – although slightly obscured by using age bands rather than single year of age. However, the US data shows that higher male deaths are greatly dependent on age and the COVID-variant. Deaths determined as ‘due to’ COVID-19 (as opposed to ‘involving’ COVID-19) in England and Wales were especially over-estimated in 2021 relative to the change in all-cause mortality. This arose as a by-product of an increase in COVID-19 testing capacity in late 2020. Potential structure-function mechanisms for the year of age specificity of SARS-CoV-2 var-iants are discussed. The question is posed as to whether vaccines based on different variants carry the specific age profile through into the vaccine.
Cloaking of Equilateral Triangle Patch Antennas and Antenna Arrays with Planar Coated Metasurfaces
Authors: Pawar Shefali , Skinner Harry , Suh Seong-Youp , Yakovlev Alexander
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we have proposed an effective metasurface design to accomplish cloaking of equilateral patch antennas and their array configuration. As such, we have exploited the concept of electromagnetic invisibility, employing the mantle cloaking technique with the intention to eliminate the destructive interference ensuing between two distinct triangular patches situated in a very congested arrangement (sub-wavelength separation is maintained between the patch elements). Basically, we demonstrate that implementation of the planar coated metasurface cloaks onto the patch antenna surfaces compels them to become invisible to each other, at the intended frequencies. In effect, an individual antenna element does not sense the presence of the other, in spite of being in a rather close vicinity. We also exhibit that the cloaks successfully reinstate the radiation attributes of each antenna in such a way that it emulates their respective performance in an isolated environment. Moreover, we have extended the cloak design to an interleaved one dimensional array of the two patch antennas and it is shown that the coated metasurfaces assure efficient performance of each array in terms of their matching as well as radiation characteristics, in turn, enabling them to radiate independently for various beam-scanning angles.
Immune Fingerprint in Diabetes: Ocular Surface and Retinal Inflammation
Authors: Amorim Madania , Martins Beatriz , Fernandes Rosa
Published: May 2023

Diabetes is a prevalent global health issue associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a well-known inflammatory, neurovascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of preventable blindness in developed countries among working-age adults. However, the ocular surface components of diabetic eyes are also at risk of damage due to uncontrolled diabetes, which is often overlooked. Inflammatory changes in the corneas of diabetic patients indicate that inflammation plays a significant role in diabetic complications, much like in DR. The eye´s immune privilege restricts immune and inflammatory responses, and the cornea and retina have a complex network of innate immune cells that maintain immune homeostasis. Nevertheless, low-grade inflammation in diabetes contributes to immune dysregulation. This article aims to provide an overview and discussion of how diabetes affects the ocular immune system’s main components, immune-competent cells, and inflammatory mediators. By understanding these effects, potential interventions and treatments may be developed to improve the ocular health of diabetic patients.
Algorithm Optimizer in GA-LSTM for Stock Price Forecasting
Authors: Sukestiyarno Yohanes Leonardus , Wiyanti Dian Tri , Azizah Lathifatul
Published: May 2023

Fluctuating stock prices make it difficult for investors to see investment opportunities. One tool that can help investors overcome this is forecasting techniques. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is one of deep learning methods used in forecasting time series. The training and success of deep learning is strongly influenced by the selection of hyperparameters. This research uses a hybrid method between the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and LSTM to find a suitable model for predicting stock prices. GA is used in optimizing the architecture such as the number of epochs, window size, and the number of LSTM units in the hidden layer. Tuning optimizer is also carried out using several optimizers to achieve the best value. From method that has been applied, it shows that the method has a good level of accuracy with MAPE values below 10% in every optimizer used. The error rate generated is quite low, in case-1 with a minimum RMSE value of 93.03 and 94.40, & in case-2 with an RMSE value of 104.99 and 150.06 during training and testing. A fairly stable and small value is generated by setting it using the Adam Optimizer.
Awareness and Interest in Uterus Transplantation Over Time: Analysis of Those Seeking Surgical Correction for Uterine-Factor Infertility in the US
Authors: Johannesson Liza , Testa Giuliano , Beshara Menas M , DaGraca Briget , Walter Jessica R , Quintini Cristiano , Latif Nawar , Hashimoto Koji , Richards Elliott G , O'Neill Kathleen
Published: May 2023

This study describes the characteristics of women who contacted an active program performing uterus transplantation (UTx) in the US expressing interest in becoming a uterus transplant recipient or a living donor. Basic demographic and self-reported clinical information was collected from women who contacted any of the three US UTx programs from 2015 to July 2022. The three centers received 5194 inquiries about becoming a UTx recipient during the study timeframe. Among those reporting a cause of infertility, almost all (4066/4331, 94%) were absence of a uterus, either congenitally (794/4066, 20%) or secondary to hysterectomy (3272/4066, 80%). The mean age was 34 years, and 49% (2545/5194) had at least one child at the time of application. The two centers using living donors received 2217 inquiries about becoming living donors. The mean age was 34 years, and 60% (1330/2217) had given birth to ≥1 child. While most of the UTx clinical trial evidence has focused on young women with congenital absence of the uterus, these results show interest from a much broader patient population in terms of age, cause of infertility, and parity. These results raise questions about whether and to what extent the indications and eligibility criteria for UTx should be expanded as the procedure transitions from the experimental phase to being offered as a clinical treatment.
ESAT-6 a Major Virulence Factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a Target for New Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Anes Elsa , Pires David , Mandal Manoj , Azevedo-Pereira José Miguel
Published: May 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most successfully adapted-human pathogens. Human-to-human transmission occurs at high rates through aerosols containing bacteria, but the pathogen evolved prior to the establishment of crowded populations. Mtb has developed a particular strategy to ensure persistence in the host until an opportunity for transmission arise. It has refined its lifestyle to obviate the need for virulence factors such as capsules, flagella, pilli, or toxins to circumvent mucosal barriers. Instead, the pathogen uses host macrophages, where it establishes intracellular niches, for its migration into the lung parenchyma and other tissues and for the induction of long-lived latency in granulomas. Finally, at the end of the infection cycle Mtb induces necrotic cell death of macrophages to escape to extracellular milieu and instructs a strong inflammatory response required for progression from latency to disease and transmission. Common to all these events is ESAT-6, one of the major virulence factors secreted by the pathogen. This review highlights the recent advances in understanding the role of ESAT-6 in hijacking macrophage function to establish a successful infection and transmission and its use as a target for the development of diagnostic tools, and vaccines.