bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated tracking-time system for academic staff of Russian university
Authors: Mkrtychev S V , Shipilova A M
Published: November 2020

The article discusses an automated time-tracking system (ATTS) for the academic staff of a Russian university, which is integrated into its enterprise information system (EIS).The ATTS implements a mechanism controlling teaching load on the territory of the university as part of the academic staff performance management system based on the analysis of the loss work time rates of teachers caused by violations of their labour discipline. The ATTS is implemented based on the physical access control system (PACS), which provides automated control of safety and regulates the attendance at the university. Introducing the proposed ATTS in the university will allow the managers of the educational and methodical department to put in place effective measures of material incentives for teachers, which will increase their labour discipline and responsibility for the quality of the educational process.
Rationale for choosing the model and tool for developing an e-learning course
Authors: Nazarova O B , Pulekha I R , Maslennikova O Ye , Osipov Ya V
Published: November 2020

The emergence and discussion of the reasonable choice of methodological bases for the creation and subsequent application of electronic training courses within the framework of a separate study is not accidental. Analysis of the theory and practice of the use of information technologies in education showed that, along with the discussion of informatization of education, including adult education (androgogy), the use of computer-based training programs to improve the quality of teaching in various disciplines, studies of pedagogical capabilities of electronic training courses, principles of development and technology for creating electronic educational materials remain insufficiently studied. Properly grounded methodological and technological components of the process of creating such resources will ensure high quality of the final product, as well as reduction of time and financial costs. The article presents a generalized description of the basic models and methodologies for the development of electronic educational materials, namely: ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation); SAM (Successive Approximation Model); SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound); ALD (Agile Learning Design). The authors pay special attention to the ALD (Agile Learning Design) model, describing its basic principles. The structural analysis of ALD with the help of the IDEF0 functional model allowed showing the logical interconnection of all the stages of creating an e-learning course, to demonstrate its iterative nature. The study also addresses the issue of the reasonable choice of tools for developing e-learning courses. The choice was made on the basis of T. Saati’s method of analyzing hierarchies. The selected alternatives were Adobe Captivate, Articulate Storyline and iSpringSuite as software solutions used for the professional development of e-learning materials. The choice was made on the basis of such criteria as maintenance, implementation, functionality, price, experience of usage. As a result of the testing with the MPRIORITY decision-making system, the Articulate Storyline software platform was selected as the tool for the implementation of the subsequent e-learning course project. This software product has significant functionality if compared to the other alternatives: low cost and availability of development. Further work on the creation of an e-course is sure to be carried out with its use.
Simulation modeling for optimal production planning using Tecnomatix software
Authors: Russkikh P A , Kapulin D V
Published: November 2020

Efficient use of production capacity is an important complex of engineering tasks. Faced with the need to modernize production in the face of high competition and changing customer needs, company owners are forced to test new engineering solutions. Maximizing the existing production capacity plays a fundamental role in maintaining competitiveness and improving the efficiency of resource use in the production of electronic equipment. Electronic equipment manufacturing uses a make-to-order strategy and has a large number of variants of the product in a very small batch. But it is a problem of implementing the standard solution for efficient use of production capacities. Using simulation methods allows one to make informed decisions on using planning and scheduling in small-batch make-to-order production. We describe the process of developing a simulation model of the assembly shop of electronic production using Tecnomatix Plant Simulation software. The focus is on the search for the optimal capacity utilization of the workshop. The created model allows getting detailed statistics about various aspects of functioning of the workshop, depending on the input data.
Management modelling of the natural resources extraction station by agency modelling means
Authors: Stupin A O , Kukartsev V V , Tynchenko V S , Kukartsev V A , Cherepanov A I , Rozhkova A V
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the model of the conveyor in an open section including various controls for it, in particular oil injection stations. Based on the analysis of models, it is possible to measure the following parameters: the number of products manufactured for a certain time; the right number of controllers or workers; time calculation for fixing broken systems and others. Also presented is a model of the work of the oil of the injection station and the interface of the model’s work according to statistical data in the context of various parameters - time, orders and material, as well as statistics on the storage of materials. The model allow changing parameters of speed, workers and controllers. The developed system gives the operator the ability to monitor the process of the conveyor, in addition to other levels of control allow predicting breakdowns and analyse the economic side of the simulated processes.
Statistics of boundary encounters by a particle diffusing outside a compact planar domain
Authors: Grebenkov Denis S
Published: November 2020

We consider a particle diffusing outside a compact planar set and investigate its boundary local time ℓ

t
, i.e., the rescaled number of encounters between the particle and the boundary up to time t. In the case of a disk, this is also the (rescaled) number of encounters of two diffusing circular particles in the plane. For that case, we derive explicit integral representations for the probability density of the boundary local time ℓ

t
and for the probability density of the first-crossing time of a given threshold by ℓ

t
. The latter density is shown to exhibit a very slow long-time decay due to extremely long diffusive excursions between encounters. We briefly discuss some practical consequences of this behavior for applications in chemical physics and biology.
Irradiated foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv): agronomic and physiological performances under low light intensity
Authors: Juhaeti T
Published: November 2020

The research was carried out to study the agronomic and physiological performances of gamma rays Irradiated Foxtail Millet (IFM) under low light intensity as an effort to obtain a shade-tolerant mutant. The experiment was performed in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was shading intensities, whereas the second factor was foxtail millet mutants resulting from gamma rays irradiation. The observation was performed on agronomic and physiological parameters, including plant growth, chlorophyll content (CC), photosynthesis rate (PR), and panicle production (PP). The result of this study showed that low light intensity decreased CC and PR values. The statistical analysis showed that CC value in 50% shading (33.02SPAD) was significantly different, with 0% shading (47.56 SPAD). Accordingly to this result, the PR value at 50% shading (7.112μmolm−2s−1) presented a significant difference as compared to 0% shading (19.379μmolm−2s−1). Observations on the plant height of GM 75.16 showed no significant difference with the control plants. Similarly, the result of PP on GM75.16 (17.03g) was not significantly different as compared to the control (16.24 g) and GM75.14 (14.10g). Therefore, GM 75.16was identified as a shade-tolerant mutant due to its ability to sustain the growth and development under low light intensity.
”How do fisheries technologies affect production?” (Case study: North Gorontalo Regency)
Authors: Kurniawan T , Huda H M , Firdaus M , Dewitasari Y , Suryawati S H , Mira
Published: November 2020

Prohibition of several fishing gears has been started since 2015 by issuing MMAF Ministry regulation no. 2 of 2015. The regulation prohibits several fishing gears; one of them is seine nets. MMAF Ministry regulation no. 71 of 2016 details the size of seine nets, including purse seine, which are not allowed. Fishers still believe that fishing using the purse seine with a large fleet gives more production than the hand line fishing gear with a small fleet. The purpose of this study is to see whether the hand line fishing gear has smaller production or productivity per GT than others. The data used for this study were obtained from the Letters of Evidence Report for Fishing Ship Arrival (STBLK) and from National Fishing Ports (PPN) Kwandang in the North Gorontalo Regency from March to November 2018 to be analyzed. The results show that hand line fishing gear with small fleet gets average productivity for about 9.195 Kg/GT/year compared to large vessels with purse seine fishing gear, which gets average productivity for about 1.985 Kg/GT/year.
Cosmeceutical potency of functional ripe buni cider
Authors: Marchellia S , Sutiono A , Lheman J , Yanti  , Tjandrawinata RR
Published: November 2020

Buni fruit (Antidesma bunius) is a local seasonal sour fruit in Indonesia and commonly used as street foods such as rujak buni. In this study, we formulated cider drink from ripe buni fruits and determined its efficacy for cosmeceutical potency via antioxidant and collagenase inhibitory activities. Buni ciders were fermented with both single and combine cultures of Acetobacter xylinum and Saccharomyces cereviseae. Ciders were further identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and tested for its antioxidant activity by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical inhibitory assay, collagenase inhibitory assay, alcohol content by Conway method, total soluble phenolic content, and sensory analysis. Buni cider had a pH of about 3.0 and alcohol content up to 3.6%. Compound profiling showed that buni ciders contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and organic acids. The antioxidant activity of buni ciders was reached in the range of 73.11-78.12 %, and the total phenolic content in ciders was 7.34-22.55 mg gallic acid/mL. Buni cider fermented from single A. xylinum had a potential inhibitory effect against collagenase. Sensory profiling showed that most panelists preferred to drink buni cider fermented from single A. xylinum rather than that of other buni ciders and juice. These data indicate that ripe buni cider fermented from single A. xylinum had potential antioxidant and collagenase inhibitory effects. Besides, it could be applied for cosmeceutical application for the management of skin aging.
Phytochemical content, toxicity and antioxidant activities of native medicinal plants from North Sumatra
Authors: Pasaribu G , Waluyo T K , Winarni I
Published: November 2020

Sumatra Island, one of the major islands in Indonesia, has a high biodiversity of medicinal plants. The objective of the study was to identify and analyze the phytochemical content, toxicity, and antioxidant activity of ten medicinal plant species from North Sumatra. To find out the group of compounds, The plants were screened the presence of phytochemicals i.e. tannins, saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, and hydroquinones. Antioxidant activity was measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical (DPPH). Results showed that the local people used the medicinal plant for various diseases or disorders such as stomach ache, fever medicine, fractures medicine, stomach ulcers, diuretic, and antidiabetic. The phytochemical testing showed that the extract contains flavonoids, saponins, tanin, and alkaloids. All medicinal plants are classified as toxic and have the potential as raw materials for medicines. The antioxidant activity (IC50) were Sikkam 27,06 ppm; Modang Kulim 104,81 ppm; Handis 35,38 ppm; Rugi-rugi 45,70 ppm; Sambang-sambang 207,63 ppm; Ampapaga 58,97 ppm; Sae-sae putih 53,19 ppm; Sae-sae hitam 41,08 ppm; Pirdot 146,40 ppm and Sirungguk more than 250 ppm. In general, the antioxidant activity of ten medicinal plant species studied has good activity. These plant species have the potential to be developed into standardized herbal medicines.
Fungi identification and test on red calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) seed as potentially antagonist agent
Authors: Suharti T , Hanifah W , Listiyowati S , Nugraheni Y M M A , Danu
Published: November 2020

Red calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) is an essential economic plant and used as a renewable energy source. Seed-borne fungi can be beneficial or detrimental. One of the beneficial roles of fungi is as an antagonistic agent. Red calliandra seed is commonly infected by pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp., and Rhizopus sp. The purpose of this research was to identify the fungi in red calliandra seeds, which are potential as an antagonistic agent, and to study their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic Fusarium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Rhizopus sp. The seeds obtained are from Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. Fungi were isolated by soaking the seeds with 1% NaOCl for three minutes then washed with sterile aquadest. It was repeated three times. Furthermore, the seeds were sown on moist paper media and incubated until a fungus colony emerged, which is expected to be a potential antagonistic agent. The result showed that there was one isolate of fungi that was potential as an antagonistic agent; it was Talaromyces sp. It indicates that the antagonistic agent can be isolated from seeds. The inhibition percentages of Talaromyces sp. against Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and Rhizopus sp. at seven days old were 67.92%, 59.4%, 8.89%, respectively. Talaromyces sp. can inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp. Rhizopus sp. and Aspergillus sp. in overgrowth at 14 days old. The antagonistic mechanism of Talaromyces sp. to Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp. and Rhizopus sp. is microparasitism and competition. Talaromyces sp. isolated from red calliandra seeds were potential as antagonistic agents.
Carotenoid content of five accessions red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) oil
Authors: Wulansari D , Wawo A H , Agusta A
Published: November 2020

Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) is a plant native to Papua, Indonesia. The extracted oil of red fruit has been known to possess potential medical properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-diabetic. The natural antioxidant content such as carotenoids, α-tocopherol, and unsaturated fatty acids are considered to contribute to its bioactivity. In this study, five clonehjnms of red fruit, namely Maler, Bergum, Wesi, Uaghelu, and Kenen, from different regions in Papua, were collected. Carotenoid content of the red fruit oil of the five clones, in particular β-carotene and β-cyptoxanthin, was determined by using HPLC analysis. The β-carotene content ranged from 193.9 to 1003.8 μg/ml, while β-cyptoxanthin content ranged from 3.3 to 48.9 μg/ml. Bergum oil has the highest content of both β-carotene and β-cyptoxanthin, thus it is suggested for cultivation.
Dissolved organic carbon and physicochemical variables of peat water in tropical peat swamp forests
Authors: Sundari S
Published: November 2020

Degradation of peatlands in Indonesia has been caused by fires, drainage, and deforestation of peat swamp forests. Fires release carbon dioxide (CO2) intensively but occasionally, whereas drainage enhances CO2 emission from the soil and dissolves organic carbon (DOC) leaching through peat water flow. DOC was affected not only by peat degradation but also by the physicochemical variables of peat water. A study on DOC and physicochemical variables of peat water to investigate the effects of drainage and fires has been conducted in three tropical peat swamp forests of Central Kalimantan. They were a relatively intact peat swamp forest with little drainage (UF), a drained peat swamp forest (DF), and a drained, burnt peat swamp forest (DB). The DOC concentration was analyzed using a total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer, while physicochemical variables, including electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and inorganic nitrogen were measured using EC meter, pH meter, and ion analyzer, respectively. Research results showed that the highest DOC concentration was measured in DF, whereas the lowest DOC concentration was in DB. DOC was resulted from peat decomposition due to low pH, low C/N, and high EC conditions. These results indicate that DOC leaching through peat water flow may occur by drainage rather than fires.
Local rice conservation through local wisdom of indigenous culture in Kasepuhan Cisungsang, Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Susilawati P N , Yursak Z , Amanda U D
Published: November 2020

Local wisdom is essential in the conservation of local rice. The utilization of local rice varieties has been carried out in the specific groups of people for centuries under local culture rules. Kasepuhan Cisungsang is one of the local cultures in Banten Kidul populated by indigenous people who still maintain local wisdom in rice cultivation. The research objective is to observe the role of Cisungsang indigenous culture in preserving local rice germplasm. The study was conducted in Kasepuhan Cisungsang, Cibeber District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province. The data used were primary and secondary data, with survey and desk study. The results showed that the law of Cisungsang culture applied not only to people and community life but also to agriculture, especially for rice cultivation. Rice, manifested as The Goddess “Dewi Sri,” has a noble position for indigenous people as it must be properly nurtured and nourished to provide optimal harvest. There were 30 varieties of local rice varieties grown in Kasepuhan Cisungsang and its surrounding areas. Still, only ten varieties were planted by the community, namely: Marileun, Terong Papak, Cireh Gudang, Kapundung, Tampay Beureum, Srikuning, Tampey Bodas, Nemol, Gadog, Angsana. The ten varieties were by the farmer preferences and adaptive strength in the local agroecosystem.
Restoration and preventive conservation of marble artworks: the HAP4MARBLE project
Authors: Sassoni E , Siegesmund S , Scherer GW , Franzoni E
Published: November 2020

The HAP4MARBLE project was funded by the European Commission within the call H2020-MSCA-IF-2014 of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (Grant Agreement n. 655239). The goal of the project was to develop an innovative conservation treatment for marble artworks exposed outdoors, which suffer from several deterioration processes predicted to be worsened by future climate change.
Hypercolorimetric multispectral Imaging and Pulse Compression thermography as innovative combined techniques for painting investigation: the case of a detached wall painting by Pastura
Authors: Agresti G , Burrascano P , Calabrò G , Colantonio C , Lanteri L , Laureti S , Melis M , Pelosi C , Ricci M , Sfarra S
Published: November 2020

This contribution focuses the attention on an innovative approach in diagnostics of paintings, based on the combine use of two imaging techniques named Hypecolorimetric Multispectral Imaging (HMI) and Pulse Compression Thermography (PuCT) applied to a 15thcentury wall painting, attributed to the Italian artist Antonio del Massaro, also known as Pastura. HMI technique is based on the simultaneous exploitation of the electromagnetic spectrum from the ultraviolet to the near infrared region. The acquisition, made under a standard metric, allows for characterizing the investigated surfaces in a more detailed way than the standard colorimetry. The system transforms any spectra in the range 300-1000nm into sevenfold hypecolorimetric coordinates. HMI guarantees very high radiometric (better than 95%) and colorimetric precision (better than ΔE = 2). PuCT is a thermography technique based on the use of coded modulated heating stimuli in combination with the pulse-compression technique. A PuCT scheme, based on coded LED excitation capable of optimizing the estimation of the impulse responses compared to the state-of-the-art PuCT literature has also been proposed. The combined use of HMI and PuCT recently revealed its potentiality in the investigation of important panel paintings by highlighting hidden details, mapping the conservation status, characterizing painting materials, etc. in a completely non-invasive way. Their combined capabilities are here tested on a wall painting representing the Madonna with the Child and the Saints Jerome and Francis, which was investigated during the restoration in the Laboratory in order to supply information about the materials and techniques.
The digitization of shared cultural built heritage highlighted in “Heritage at Risk in Algeria”.
Authors: Mechiche Rania , Zeghlache Hamza
Published: November 2020

The present paper deals with the technic using the terrestrial laser scanning survey (TLS) in the restoration and conservation of the shared built cultural heritage in Algeria. The cross-section method, that was the skeleton of our surveys, is applied by using directly 3D meshing models.

The project described in this article was motivated by the need to document some of key buildings, that looks very venerable, in the city of Setif in Algeria: The Mosque of El Attik minaret, the mausoleum of Scipion, and the statute of the fountain of Fouara.

This statue which is made of marble was realized by Francis de St Vidal in 1899 that represents a nymph which is a part of the fountain, publicly displayed in the center of the city’s main plaza. On 18 December 2018, a man has deteriorated the statute. Following the day of the incident, our team has been called to use a previous scanner laser survey of the nymph that was stored in our cultural heritage monument database in order to help the restoration of the missing part of the nymph (the face and the breast). As a matter of fact, the original laser scanning survey provided a helpful and accurate details to support the restoration of the nymph.

If the experience of Ain fouara show all the interest of this technology not only in the digital archiving of 3D models generated; the digitization of The Mosque of El Attik minaret and the mausoleum of Scipion highlights the effective use of 3D meshing models obtained, in the study of the mechanical behaviours. This preventive approach is useful in other studies of shared cultural built heritage.
Documentation and analysis of some Picasso’s paintings by using hyperspectral imaging technique to support their conservation and stylistic matters
Authors: Picollo Marcello , Casini Andrea , Cucci Costanza , Stefani Lorenzo , Jiménez-Garnica Reyes , Fuster-López Laura
Published: November 2020

Imaging Spectroscopic techniques, also known as hyperspectral imaging, have been utilized in museums and conservation laboratories for documentation purposes and in support of restoration treatments on different types of artworks and archaeological objects. For more than a decade, several studies and research projects have been devoted to customize imaging spectroscopic instrumentation and methodologies to the specific needs of art conservation and applications in the museum context. Other issues arise such as the need to develop new image processing software, including the mosaicking of image-cubes, new pigment identification and mapping methods, visualization, and archiving of the results. The present communication reports the data obtained on two canvas paintings made by Picasso in 1917, presently in the permanent collection of the Museu Picasso in Barcelona. The hyperspectral data have been used to document his artistic technique and to define the chemical composition of the palette. In addition, these data supported the surface observations of the morphology and crack patterns of the paint layers in order to get a better understanding of the damage found. This study was carried out in the framework of an inter-institutional research project aimed to gain an insight into the failure mechanisms of modern and contemporary paintings.
Efficiency evaluation of chemical and physical methods for the removal of spray paints from marble substrates
Authors: Bargi M , Morigi M P , Fontana R , Pampaloni E , Striova J , Salvadori B
Published: November 2020

The graphic vandalism is considered one of the most important topics in the field of conservation of cultural heritage. The most widespread means used for the acts of vandalism are the felt-tip pens and the aerosol paints. These tools irreversibly damage the stone substrates, changing their appearance and conservation state. The aim of this article is to compare and characterize four different cleaning approaches in terms of their efficacy and invasiveness in the removal of the specific brand spray used as dirtying material.
Sheltering megalithic Temples in Malta – evaluating the process through data collection and modelling
Authors: Valantinavicius M , Micallef D , Cassar J , Caruana J , Ciantelli C
Published: November 2020

Since their excavation, a number of the sites listed as part of “The Megalithic Temples of Malta” inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage list have been afflicted by material and structural problems, including collapses. Therefore, three of these sites, the Ħaġar Qim, Mnajdra and Tarxien Temples, were protected by open-sided shelters, to address some of the principal causes of deterioration (e.g. direct rainfall, surface weathering, thermal stress). Environmental monitoring, condition assessments and biological surveys of the three sites took place before and after sheltering and are still in progress. To understand how the shelters are affecting these structures, a research programme has started aimed at analysing, through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the environmental data collected over a period of more than ten years. The aim of using CFD on the Temples is to provide detailed information on how different environmental conditions can affect the sites. For the CFD, macro and meso scale approaches will be used. The macroscale model represents the regional environment, including the all-terrain features around the Temples. Mesoscale modelling represents the Temple structures in a more detailed way. The final goal is to find confident correlations between CFD, and representative areas selected within the Temples showing particular deterioration patterns. All this information will be integrated with the results of in situ analyses to identify the causes of material deterioration and possibly mitigate against them.
The impact of cyclic loads on physicomechanical properties of the massive and vesicular basalts
Authors: Dursun F , Topal T
Published: November 2020

Stone monuments are the most visible and essential structures of our cultural heritage; however, many of the historical structures around the world are now suffering from stone deterioration. Diyarbakır City Walls, which were acknowledged the status of World Heritage Site by UNESCO, are among the most extensive surviving structures from ancient times. The City Walls have also some deterioration related problems. Basalts having such different textural properties as massive and vesicular were employed as the principal material in the construction of the Diyarbakır City Walls. Weathering is strongly related to the climatic and environmental conditions of the site. In order to evaluate the physical deterioration, environmental conditions were artificially simulated in accelerated weathering tests such as wetting-drying, freezing-thawing, and salt crystallization. For this purpose, 180 massive and vesicular basalt samples were prepared. The effects of these tests were evaluated by visual examination, weight loss, effective porosity, dry and saturated unit weights, water absorptions under atmospheric and vacuum pressure, sonic velocity and uniaxial compressive strength. It is found that the salt crystallization is the most effective accelerated weathering test deteriorating the basalt samples most aggressively.
Adaptive reuse, refurbishment and conservative rehabilitation of Cultural Heritage by means of Quality and Energy Sustainable Lighting.
Authors: Balocco Carla , Cecchi Martina
Published: November 2020

Sustainable lighting designs, with a view to achieve an adaptive reuse, refurbishment and conservative rehabilitation of cultural heritage, focusing on lighting quality, mainly obtained from the optimal use of natural light combined with artificial one, is the main aim of our present research. A historical Florentine monastery, which was turned into a university library, i.e. Santa Marta University Library in Florence, was used as a pilot project. Energy saving, natural light control combined with artificial light regulation, sustainable and quality lighting by means of optic fiber textile integration, acted as fundamentals of the proposed sustainable adaptive, non-invasive, reversible and easily removable lighting design. The integrated use of natural light with LED systems and optic fibers by means of a command structure made with supervision and home automation systems based on Konnex, the first open building automation standard, allows lighting solutions for quality and environmental and energy sustainability in cultural heritage. Results showed that the proposed methodological approach allows lighting proposals with the aim of building adaptive reuse, based on architectural structure optimal use, historical–philological reading of the indoor environment, cultural heritage (CH) preventive protection and conservation, but also people and works of art “health and well-being”.
Assessing the Indoor Conditions of a 3rd Century AD Roman Domus by Dynamic Energy Simulation and Comparison with Vitruvian Hypothesis: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Cadelano G , Cicolin F , Enzi S , Emmi G , Mezzasalma G , Busana M S , Bernardi A
Published: November 2020

Roman best practices concerning construction technology were well consolidated and implemented in ancient times. These are traditionally belonging to Vitruvius, who coded the classic rules on architecture. Amongst these, the destination of use of the different rooms is paramount, especially in respect to the orientation of the building. Dynamic energy simulation software is a tool of proven effectiveness and of widespread diffusion in the field of building engineering. It is primarily used to evaluate and foreseen the effects that building stratigraphy, thermal loads and HVAC systems have on the indoor thermo-hygrometric conditions. In this study, such tool has been used to investigate ancient buildings, basing the analysis on reliable hypothesis about the original construction, partially assumed if the upper structures were missing, on the actual stratigraphy obtained from archaeological remains, and on the supposed ancient climate condition estimated from literature on ancient climate and archaeological evidences. The analyzed case study is a Roman domus that dates back to 3rd century AD, located in Piazza Nogara (Verona, Italy). The proposed method allows evaluating the indoor comfort conditions that occurred when the building was inhabited. Furthermore, simulating different building orientations, it is possible to verify if the actual destination of use of the rooms is the very best from an indoor microclimate standpoint.
Transformation of built cultural heritage in old Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City), Vietnam
Authors: Minh Hung Ngo
Published: November 2020

Saigon was founded by the army commander Nguyen Huu Canh in the seventeenth century. It became the capital of the French colony of Cochin-China in 1883, part of French Indochinese Union which lasted until 1945, and the capital of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) until 1975. It has diverse cultural characteristics and a unique urban form. It was described as ‘the pearl of the Far East’ during the 19th and 20th centuries. After the unification of North and South Vietnam in 1975, Saigon was renamed Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC). The economic reform process, Doi Moi, which started in the late 1986s, transformed Vietnam from a highly centralized planned economy to a socialist-oriented market economy, and its cities, HCMC included, underwent significant new development. This paper aims to re-understand the nature of old Saigon’s establishment and identity to authentically consolidate new findings of the spatial development axis; re-assess the cultural significance of remaining places, which are needed to support the coming Master plan period 2040-2060 of HCMC towards sustainable conservation in a globalization context.
Experimental tests for mechanical properties of wooden ‘buttons’ used for attaching auxiliary supports behind panel paintings
Authors: Paola MAZZANTI , Lorenzo RIPARBELLI , Bertrand MARCON , Giulia FABIANI , Marco TOGNI , Luca UZIELLI , Ciro CASTELLI , Andrea SANTACESARIA
Published: November 2020

When wooden supports of panel paintings have been severely altered or damaged and the original crossbeams are missing, new crossbeams or other types of auxiliary supports can be connected to the panel’s back-face in order to achieve desired effects including panel strengthening and control of deformations. In order to make such connection, the Restorers of Opificio delle Pietre Dure use small wooden blocks, each glued on the back face of the panel, and holding freely the head of a screw connected (often by means of springs) to the auxiliary support; the English term ‘buttons’ has been proposed for such blocks. This research examines in depth how the shape (conical or cylindrical) and dimensions (diameter in the 20-30 mm range, and thickness in the 3-6 mm range) of the buttons, all made from oak wood, influence their stiffness and load-carrying capacity. Each button was glued onto a dummy beech board by means of epoxy structural resin; a 3 mm diameter steel screw was inserted in each button’s hole prior to gluing, so that its head remained ‘trapped’ between the button’s cavity and the board. A short-term mechanical test was performed with a universal testing machine by axially pulling out the screw from the button. Load and displacement were recorded, and the load–displacement curves were analysed. The results showed that within the tested range: a) the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the buttons is only influenced by the residual thickness above the screw head, b) nor the shape nor the external diameter of the buttons have any influence on their mechanical properties, c) the stiffness (slope of the straight part of the load-displacement curve) of the connection depends only on the embedding of the screw head into the wood (i.e. mainly on the wood density).
Communicating Heritage Through Contemporary Art Based on Technologies: a Proposal for the Heritage Sites in the WARMEST project
Authors: García-López A , Mazuecos-Sánchez A B
Published: November 2020

An integrative and innovative communication model to enhance the knowledge, comprehension and delectation of cultural and natural heritage through technology-based contemporary art is described. By relating these two traditionally dissociated fields (heritage and contemporary art), a particular form of dialogue between them occurs and it is transferred to society within an emotional and intellectual discourse away from those merely informative. The heritage sites Alhambra Lions Court in Granada (Spain), Santa Croce’s second cloister in Florence (Italy) and Marzamemi underwater Wreck of Church (Italy) are under study in the framework of the European research and knowledge transfer project, WARMEST3. A strategy of communication based on pieces and actions of contemporary art will be proposed to set up a new frame in the diffusion of the cultural and natural legacy. That will encourage its preservation and, at the same time, will set up a new research line around site specific art work related to heritage sites communication.
Heritage Evaluation: restoration plan through HBIM and MCDA
Authors: Acampa G , Grasso M
Published: November 2020

This study is prompted by the activity carried out within a EU funded project (WARMEST)[1] whose goal is to analyze monuments’ degradation due to factors such as climate change and growing number of tourists, create a model to describe and anticipate the phenomena, and put in place a user-friendly Decision Support System that will help in setting preventive maintenance plans. As part of the project, we had the chance to study in depth the degradation at the Patio de Los Leones, the core of the world-famous site of the Alhambra and Generalife, which attracts to Granada in Spain where they are located over 2 million tourists per year. The paper aims to define a new methodology to assess the level of urgency to restore the 124 columns of the Patio de Los Leones (Alhambra). It is not easy to identify all the factors affecting the columns’ deterioration and to establish which should be restored first. Our approach is to collect all the data regarding the decay factor and use multi criteria decision aid methods such us the Analytic Hierarchy Process in order to create a hierarchy among all columns according to their decay. We also will create an HBIM model of the Patio del Los Leones in order to optimize the management and maintenance of the columns. HBIM model can also optimize the data management and enable to compare results (in this case data about columns decay) over time.
Experimental analysis of colour constancy and colour augmentation for painting classification by artistic genre: preliminary results
Authors: Bianconi Francesco
Published: November 2020

Automatic painting classification by author, artistic genre and/or other attributes has generated considerable research interest in recent years. Being one of the visual features that mark the difference between artists and artistic genres, colour plays a fundamental role in this process. Colour is the result of the interaction among the intrinsic properties of the material, the illumination conditions and the response of the imaging device. Consequently, the same painting/artwork will look significantly different when imaged under varied conditions, which can be a potential source of bias for automated recognition procedures. One can compensate for such variations either via colour calibration or colour pre-processing. In this work we investigate the latter, and, in particular, evaluate the effectiveness of colour constancy and colour augmentation when coupled with hand-crafted and deep learning features for painting classification by artistic genre. In our experiments neither approach showed a clear advantage compared with no pre-processing at all. Colour constancy brought some improvement in certain cases, whereas colour augmentation virtually provided no benefit despite its adding a significant computational overload to the procedure.
The Sensorial Dimension of the Contemporary Museum between Design and Emerging Technologies
Authors: Capece Sonia , Chivăran Camelia
Published: November 2020

Nowadays, society passes through a moment of transition, in which technological progress has offered the possibility, as well as the challenge, of gathering and transmitting an infinity of information in such short time. In this context, the museum transforms, it becomes a sensitive organism that modifies the visitor-artwork relationship, introducing new models of interaction and fruition. Design in line with digital technologies play a determinative role in this transformation, generating new languages and experimentations that multiply the levels of artwork narration, introducing new temporal dimensions and exhibition paradigms. Despite the considerable progress accomplished in recent years both by research and industry in the fields of acquisition techniques, digitalization, computer graphics, visualization, most of the applications for the communication of cultural heritage on site and on line still have many limitations concerning their ability of engaging the users. They often lack narrative metaphors, sensorial and emotional involvement, while interaction interfaces may appear hostile for a considerable part of the visitors. Starting from the most appropriate learning style to the characteristics regarding the user’s identity, he has the necessity to enter a space, be it real or virtual, able to stimulate him towards future insights and knowledge acquisition. Storytelling and perception come into play in order to build experience, which needs to engage the visitor emotionally, but it must also be capable of not subtracting him to the real visit. It has to offer valid hints, but it must not become a substitute of reality, while technologies must not transform into barriers, but into an opening towards a future accessible to all. With the forthcoming objective of understanding how to overcome limitations and build enhanced fruition and adaptive, personalised interaction models where the visitor stays at the centre of the design scene, this paper analyses the current transformations, providing a general view of national and international experiences that use the technological potential in an innovative way, defining best practices in the field. The connections between user and technology related to space and time will be highlighted, as well as the storytelling methods and the interactive, engaging and sensorial visitor - museum experiences.
The Development of Popular Music Heritage: exploring an AR exhibition
Authors: Wang Yu-Tzu , Anastopoulou Stamatina
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the relationship between digital technologies and preservation of popular music heritage and focuses on the AR exhibition, David Bowie Is. Through the lens of discourse analysis, it discusses the interpretation of the popular music and its various digital narratives, the authenticity of user experiences, and how museum functions can be promoted by virtual exhibitions. It provides multiple narratives to tell Bowie’s untold stories and experiments on music, stage, and costumes that questioned gender and social norms. It creates authentic experiences for the audience through offering augmented information on exhibits that arouse the audience’s emotions and trigger their memories. The AR exhibition can also help to promote the museum’s functions due to access without boundaries, digital preservation and enhancing the museum’s educational role. The paper suggests that this AR exhibition offers new ways for museums to preserve popular music and different experiences of listening with potential commercial value.
From Text to Model: Translating the Estatutos da Província de Santa Maria da Arrábida
Authors: Rafeiro J , Tomé A , Luís Inglês Fontes João
Published: November 2020

A primary text for understanding the architecture of Franciscan convents in Portugal is the 17th century Estatutos da Província de Santa Maria da Arrábida that outlines rules to the construction of convents belonging to the Arrábida province. Beyond articulating the conduct of daily life within the convents, the rules also describe the required spaces of the building accompanied by maximum dimensions to maintain consistent austerity across the order. The research presented in this paper discusses ongoing approaches to visualize these rules from an architectural lens in order to better understand the contents of the document both in-themselves and to how they manifest themselves in specific instances of convents across the province. One approach of the study combines text analysis and visualization through digital modelling and 3D printing. By first visualizing the spaces and relations of the ideal convent as described through a set of volumetric digital models, a comparison was later made between the dimensions and arrangement of these ideals to specific instances found in convents of the same time period, region and Franciscan reform. Another approach of the study uses photographic and photogrammetric surveys of details and spaces found across four convents of the Arrábida province in order to compare and visualize the scale and configuration of common elements – both described by the text and not. Overall, the paper also aims to demonstrate how new tools in digital heritage can assist in the study and dissemination of the otherwise invisible dimensions of heritage buildings.
Visual Question Answering for Cultural Heritage
Authors: Bongini Pietro , Becattini Federico , Bagdanov Andrew D. , Del Bimbo Alberto
Published: November 2020

Technology and the fruition of cultural heritage are becoming increasingly more entwined, especially with the advent of smart audio guides, virtual and augmented reality, and interactive installations. Machine learning and computer vision are important components of this ongoing integration, enabling new interaction modalities between user and museum. Nonetheless, the most frequent way of interacting with paintings and statues still remains taking pictures. Yet images alone can only convey the aesthetics of the artwork, lacking is information which is often required to fully understand and appreciate it. Usually this additional knowledge comes both from the artwork itself (and therefore the image depicting it) and from an external source of knowledge, such as an information sheet. While the former can be inferred by computer vision algorithms, the latter needs more structured data to pair visual content with relevant information. Regardless of its source, this information still must be be effectively transmitted to the user. A popular emerging trend in computer vision is Visual Question Answering (VQA), in which users can interact with a neural network by posing questions in natural language and receiving answers about the visual content. We believe that this will be the evolution of smart audio guides for museum visits and simple image browsing on personal smartphones. This will turn the classic audio guide into a smart personal instructor with which the visitor can interact by asking for explanations focused on specific interests. The advantages are twofold: on the one hand the cognitive burden of the visitor will decrease, limiting the flow of information to what the user actually wants to hear; and on the other hand it proposes the most natural way of interacting with a guide, favoring engagement.
Forensic Imaging for Art Diagnostics. What Evidence Should We Trust?
Authors: Pelagotti A , Piva A , Uccheddu F , Shullani D , Alberghina M F , Schiavone S , Massa E , Menchetti C M
Published: November 2020

Diagnostics digital images are often used to assess artworks. However, as all digital images they are also concerned by the issue of integrity. Computer vision techniques can be employed to obtain physical evidence of possible tampering. In this paper we explore the possibility to apply state of the art forensic algorithms to typical painting diagnostic images, taking into consideration real case studies. State of the art algorithms have been applied to genuine and modified diagnostic images to detect if, and how, forgeries of such images could be automatically detected and documented. To the best of our knowledge this is the first time that such investigation is made. Results of the aforementioned tests prove that automatic assessment of the integrity of diagnostic images is challenging and that there are no reliable solutions currently available.