bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabricating spatially functionalized 3D-printed scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering
Authors: Camacho Paula , Fainor Matthew , B. Seims Kelly , W. Tolbert John , W. Chow Lesley
Published: April 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of biodegradable polymers has rapidly become a popular approach to create scaffolds for tissue engineering. This technique enables fabrication of complex architectures and layer-by-layer spatial control of multiple components with high resolution. The resulting scaffolds can also present distinct chemical groups or bioactive cues on the surface to guide cell behavior. However, surface functionalization often includes one or more post-fabrication processing steps, which typically produce biomaterials with homogeneously distributed chemistries that fail to mimic the biochemical organization found in native tissues. As an alternative, our laboratory developed a novel method that combines solvent-cast 3D printing with peptide-polymer conjugates to spatially present multiple biochemical cues in a single scaffold without requiring post-fabrication modification. Here, we describe a detailed, stepwise protocol to fabricate peptide-functionalized scaffolds and characterize their physical architecture and biochemical spatial organization. We used these 3D-printed scaffolds to direct human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and osteochondral tissue formation by controlling the spatial presentation of cartilage-promoting and bone-promoting peptides. This protocol also describes how to seed scaffolds and evaluate matrix deposition driven by peptide organization.
Biomasa aérea de familias botánicas en un bosque siempreverde piemontano sometido a grados de intervención
Authors: García Quintana Yudel , Arteaga-Crespo Yasiel , Torres-Navarrete Bolier , Bravo-Medina Carlos , Robles-Murillo Marco
Published: April 2021

Se evaluó la biomasa aérea acumulada en lo concerniente a familias botánicas en un bosque siempreverde piemontano sometido a diferentes grados de intervención en la zona alta de la microcuenca del río Puyo. En cinco transectos de 0.1 ha se registraron las especies con DAP ≥ 10 cm. Se encontró menor número de familias en sitios con alto grado de perturbación. La biomasa aérea varió de 161.84 a 339.70 Mg.ha-1, presentándose mayor acumulación en individuos de menor clase diamétrica. Las familias con mayor índice de valor de importancia de biomasa fueron Moraceae, Arecaceae y Euphorbiaceae, reconocidas por su potencial en cuanto a estructura y carbono. El análisis de correspondencia canónica sin tendencia (DCA) indicó variación en la contribución de biomasa para cada sitio, existiendo un pequeño número de familias para mantener las reservas de carbono. Los resultados de este estudio brindan información relevante que facilita la toma de decisiones con respecto la restauración de sitios perturbados.
Predicción de biomasa y carbono en plantaciones clonales de Tectona grandis L.f.
Authors: Fonseca González William , Ávila Arias Carlos , Murillo Cruz Rafael , Rojas Vargas Marilyn
Published: April 2021

Los modelos matemáticos para predecir biomasa son en la actualidad una opción que facilita y mejora el cálculo de la capacidad de mitigación del cambio climático de un ecosistema, pues generan información fundamental para establecer índices nacionales de almacenamiento de carbono. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la biomasa de los distintos componentes del árbol (hojas, ramas, fuste, raíz) por medio de método destructivo e indirecto para construir modelos predictivos de biomasa y carbono, generados por medio del método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, cuyo diámetro normal fue la variable regresora. Las ecuaciones seleccionadas explicaron más del 94 % de la variabilidad observada en biomasa o carbono, con errores de estimados inferiores al 5 %. El fuste aportó el 57.4 % a la biomasa total del árbol y las hojas el 5 %. La fracción de carbono fue muy similar entre los componentes leñosos (ramas-fuste-raíz), variando de 44.9 % a 45.7 % y en las hojas alcanzó el 40.7 %.
Choroba jako zjawisko społeczne. Analiza walki z afrykańskim pomorem świń
Authors: Mamzer Hanna
Published: April 2021

Afrykański pomór świń jest bezsprzecznie niebezpieczną chorobą dla świń, dzików i świniodzików. Przynosi znaczące straty gospodarcze. Wydaje się jednak, że walka z chorobą jest wykorzystywana w Polsce do celów, które można określić jako rodzaj reżyserii społecznej. Wdrażane w Polsce rozwiązania eksterminacji dzików nie stanowią skutecznej metody walki z chorobą. Z kolei bioasekuracja, wskazywana jako najskuteczniejsza metoda zapobiegania rozprzestrzeniania się wirusa, nie jest promowana. Szersza, socjokulturowa analiza wykorzystania dyskursu o ASF w generowaniu społecznych napięć wskazuje, że zjawisko jest wieloaspektowe i nie tak proste, jak mogłoby się wydawać.
Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa „W kierunku kształtowania się nowego publicznego transportu zbiorowego”, Poznań, 22 listopada 2019 r.
Authors: Jędrzejczak Maria , Siuda Szymon
Published: April 2021

Ogólnopolska Konferencja Naukowa „W kierunku kształtowania się nowego publicznego transportu zbiorowego”, Poznań, 22 listopada 2019 r.
Wybrane zagadnienia prawne dotyczące udziału Sejmu w stanowieniu prawa Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Cieślik Ziemowit
Published: April 2021

Polskie członkostwo w Unii Europejskiej znajduje wyraz m.in. w zaangażowaniu Sejmu w proces tworzenia prawa UE. Zasady tego udziału określone są w niejednorodnym, zmiennym i ustawicznie się rozwijającym korpusie unijnej i krajowej regulacji prawnej. Złożona natura tej regulacji, która sięga zakresem od podstaw ustroju władzy publicznej do proceduralnych niuansów parlamentarnej praktyki, dostarcza wielu wyzwań wszystkim podmiotom, które tę regulację stosują. Prezentowany artykuł zmierza do ukazania tej złożoności i podjęcia kilku kwestii problemowych, które ujawniają się w parlamentarnej praktyce w sprawach europejskich. Rozważane zagadnienia zostały wybrane z uwagi na doświadczenia oraz najlepsze praktyki zgromadzone przez parlamentarne służby prawne: Biuro Legislacyjne i Biuro Analiz Sejmowych. Wszystkie mają systemowy charakter i – jak się wskazuje w artykule – wywodzą się bezpośrednio z wciąż nierozstrzygniętego problemu konstytucyjnej podstawy dla nowych, „unijnych” kompetencji parlamentów narodowych. W artykule podjęte zostały ustalenia na temat kontroli działań podejmowanych przez sejmową Komisję do Spraw Unii Europejskiej, współpracy międzyparlamentarnej i kontroli przestrzegania zasady pomocniczości oraz reprezentacji prawnej Sejmu na forum unijnym.
Normatywność obowiązywania norm prawnych w koncepcji poznańsko-szczecińskiej szkoły teorii prawa. Perspektywa pragmatyzmu analitycznego
Authors: Dzięgielewska Weronika
Published: April 2021

Artykuł stanowi próbę reinterpretacji standardowych ujęć normatywnych koncepcji obowiązywania prawa, z uwzględnieniem intuicji dotyczących pojęcia normatywności wypracowanych na gruncie współczesnej metaetyki i filozofii języka. Analiza normatywnych koncepcji obowiązywania prawa w świetle zagadnienia wieloznaczności pojęcia normatywności, a także aplikacja na grunt tych koncepcji pojęcia normatywności w rozumieniu pragmatyzmu analitycznego mają pozwolić na przekroczenie zarzutów stawianym tym koncepcjom, w szczególności zarzutu nieuprawnionego iterowania obowiązków prawnych. Dla zobrazowania wyników tych rozważań przywołany zostanie przykład koncepcji obowiązywania normy prawnej wypracowanej na gruncie poznańskiej szkoły teorii prawa.
‘The right to (decent) work. The right to everyone or “chosen” ones?’ The situation in Poland
Authors: Ludera-Ruszel Agata
Published: April 2021

Work represents a particular economical, social and psychological relevance to the worker. Because of a personal dimension of work, that involves human beings, it cannot be separated from workers. The approach to human labour as not a market product, but as a human being, is contained in the statement that ‘labour is not a commodity’, firstly expressed in the International Labour Organization’s 1944 Declaration of Philadelphia. The reference to this assumption more recently on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of ILO activities clearly evidence that the history of labour has come full circle and the idea of decent work for workers has returned to being the centre of labour law regulations. The concerns relating to the inadequate protection of workers coincided in time with the transformative change in the world of work. With this in mind, it is then worth considering more deeply whether a decent job is an ‘exclusive’ and ‘luxurious’ ideal, and leave outside its scope a number of workers who are in need of protection because of their unique situation. The position of Poland in this picture will be analysed.
Uwarunkowania konsensualnego modelu dialogu społecznego i dialogu obywatelskiego na poziomie regionalnym w Polsce
Authors: Podgórska-Rykała Joanna , Sroka Jacek
Published: April 2021

Artykuł koncentruje się na poszukiwaniach odpowiedniego dla polskich realiów, konsensualnego modelu podobieństw, różnic, transferów praktyk oraz użyczania sieci współpracy w dialogu regionalnym. Rozważania te czynione są w ramach analizy dwóch zinstytucjonalizowanych odmian dialogu: społecznego i obywatelskiego na poziomie województwa. Elementy modelowej odpowiedzi na podejmowane przez autorów kwestie konstruuje się w odniesieniu do regionu małopolskiego, ponieważ wcześniejsze badania wykazały, że region ten posiada wyraźny potencjał sprzyjający rozwojowi instytucji dialogowych. Autorzy posługują się wskazanymi kategoriami, uwzględniając narzędzie, jakim jest publiczna deliberacja. Za teoretykami i praktykami uznają deliberację za jedną z najbardziej optymalnych dialogowych ścieżek (przed)decyzyjnych, które prowadzą ku skutecznym i akceptowalnym rozstrzygnięciom i umożliwiają optymalne, sprawiedliwe i przejrzyste publiczne zarządzanie zasobami środowiskowymi. Wychodzą w tekście z założenia, że wzajemne uczenie się nowych sposobów działania przez konkretne instytucje dialogu społecznego i obywatelskiego umożliwia korygowanie w przyszłości utrwalonych już elementów niedialogowych. Zakładają również, że w myśl koncepcji tzw. uczących się regionów, od jednego regionu są w stanie uczyć się dialogu inne województwa. Autorzy korzystają z metodologii nauk społecznych, a w szczególności sięgają do propozycji studiów z polityki publicznej, które uzupełniają elementami analizy formalno-instytucjonalnej: wykorzystują analizę porównawczą dialogu społecznego i obywatelskiego w polskich regionach, a także analizę prawną oraz studia przypadków.
W kwestii zasadności uregulowania katalogu stron postępowania w przedmiocie odszkodowania za niesłuszne pozbawienie wolności
Authors: Jasiński Wojciech
Published: April 2021

Celem artykułu jest krytyczna analiza wprowadzanej ustawą z 19 lipca 2019 r. o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks postępowania karnego oraz niektórych innych ustaw regulacji określającej strony postępowania w przedmiocie odszkodowania za niesłuszne skazanie, tymczasowe aresztowanie i zatrzymanie. Autor, odwołując się do dotychczasowego dorobku doktryny i orzecznictwa, omawia potrzebę unormowania wprost katalogu stron postępowania odszkodowawczego, właściwego umiejscowienia wprowadzonych przepisów oraz ich zasadności z perspektywy modelowego ukształtowania postępowania w przedmiocie odszkodowania za niesłuszne pozbawienie wolności. W konkluzji wskazano, że zarówno uregulowanie problematyki stron, jak i podmiotów reprezentujących Skarb Państwa zasługuje na aprobatę. Wprowadzone unormowania wymagają jednak dwóch korekt. Dotyczą one określenia statusu procesowego prokuratora oraz ujednolicenia terminologii odnoszącej się do strony czynnej postępowania.
Digitizing the public administration and safeguarding individual rights: automated decision-making at the intersection of the GDPR and Polish administrative procedure
Authors: Geburczyk Filip
Published: April 2021

Automating administrative decision-making through the use of algorithms integrated into administrative procedures constitutes a major goal of both the Polish government and the EU. Notwithstanding the undeniable benefits of automated administrative decision-making, the tentative development of the law regulating administrative procedures in this regard translates into risks to important elements of administrative due process. Although a systematic regulatory approach to automated administrative decision-making is lacking, an analysis of the provisions of the GDPR concerning profiling algorithms and automated decision-making may prove rewarding, given that they may directly affect the procedural rights of parties in proceedings before national authorities. On the other hand, the imprecise language of the GDPR makes it susceptible to interpretations deeply embedded in the hitherto elaborated practices of the Polish administrative procedure. The article analyses the intersection between the GDPR and Polish administrative procedure in order to examine the potential for mutual influences between both frameworks.
Poziom rozwoju gospodarki cyfrowej i społeczeństwa cyfrowego w Federacji Rosyjskiej – główne trendy i wyzwania
Authors: Radomska Ewa
Published: April 2021

Celem artykułu jest ocena poziomu rozwoju gospodarki cyfrowej i społeczeństwa cyfrowego w Federacji Rosyjskiej wraz z identyfikacją głównych trendów i wyzwań. Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, iż poziom rozwoju gospodarki cyfrowej i społeczeństwa cyfrowego w Federacji Rosyjskiej kształtuje się na średnim poziomie w porównaniu do najbardziej konkurencyjnych na świecie gospodarek pod względem cyfryzacji. Mimo postępów w rozwoju gospodarki cyfrowej i społeczeństwa cyfrowego w FR w ramach programu cyfryzacji, wciąż występuje wiele obszarów wymagających poprawy i dalszych działań. Rządowy program cyfryzacji i ujęte w nim projekty mają znaczenie, ale pogorszenie koniunktury gospodarczej w FR wywołanej m.in. przez pandemię Covid-19 oraz wewnętrzne uwarunkowania systemowe nie sprzyjają ich wdrażaniu zgodnie z przyjętymi założeniami i ramami czasowymi (realizację wielu celów w ramach projektów ujętych w programie przesunięto do 2030 r.). Postępy w procesie cyfryzacji FR służące gospodarce i społeczeństwu dostrzegalne będą w perspektywie długookresowej.
EU Policy on Deepening Liberal Democracy: A Case Study of the Baltic States
Authors: Khoma Nataliia , Vdovychyn Ihor
Published: April 2021

The issues of the EU’s activities concerning the quality of democracy in member states are studied. On the examples of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, the effectiveness of EU projects to continue the liberal-democratic transformation in member states with a post-totalitarian past where the risk of regression of democracy remains, is assessed. The current goals of the EU are described as being insufficient in terms of properly preventing and counteracting the decline of the quality of democracy, as well as for inculcating the values of liberal democracy. The need to intensify the EU’s activities in the direction of monitoring the observance of democratic standards is explained by the stagnation/regression of the quality of democracy in the countries of the recent EU enlargements, including the Baltic States. The actions of the EU’s institutions towards member states, where democracy shows stagnation/regression, are assessed as inconsistent, due to the possible consequences of this destructive process. The EU’s lack of attention to strengthening the values on which the EU is based is emphasized, which is seen as the main reason for the present deterioration in the quality of democracy. The requirement to construct a new format of European democracy and new mechanisms to ensure its quality is highlighted.
Effluent conditioning of biodiesel production for biological treatment using clay as a separation coadjutant
Authors: Correia Lívia Caroline , Silva Romário Ribeiro , França Fernanda Rocha Morais , Da Silva Gabriel Francisco , Coêlho Diego F. , Marques José Jailton
Published: April 2021

Biodiesel is a renewable, non-toxic and sustainable biofuel, considered to be the main candidate for a fossil fuel alternative in many countries. However, its manufacturing process results in about 0.2 to 3 L of effluent per litre of biodiesel produced. In addition to an inherently high organic load, its composition includes by-products, traces of unreacted chemicals and catalysts, which inhibit microorganism growth and prevent its direct treatment by tertiary methods. In this context, this work aims to evaluate the combination of the coagulation-flocculation technique with dissolved air flotation (DAF). Real wastewater samples were obtained by synthesising biodiesel from soybean oil in-loco and performing the required washing procedures. The highest turbidity reduction efficiency (92.03%) was obtained using 1200  of clay. By using response surface methodology, it was possible to analyse the effect of the chosen experimental factors and show that the best results (81.28%, 58.95% and 89.34% for turbidity, oil and grease and chemical oxygen demand  - respectively) were obtained using 925  of clay and 1000  of coagulant. Ultimately, clay proved to be an efficient coadjutant in the removal of organic matter, oils, grease, suspended solids and soluble organic matter from the biodiesel wastewater. Moreover, its low cost over traditional flocculants makes it an attractive alternative to industrial wastewater treatment processes.
Desempenho de plântulas de canola sob variação da profundidade de semeadura e diferentes substratos
Authors: Santos Igor Plínio dos , Costa Adriana Rodolfo , Silva Patrícia Costa , Drumond Anailda Angélica Lana , Silva Franciele Freitas
Published: April 2021

A canola é uma cultura que tem crescido no Brasil, e trata-se de uma fonte produtora de óleo. É uma cultura adaptada a climas frios e o conhecimento sobre o desenvolvimento inicial da canola pode contribuir para um melhor entendimento e estabelecimento destes híbridos em outras regiões. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho de plântulas de canola sob variação da profundidade de semeadura e diferentes substratos. Desta forma, foi conduzido um experimento em campo, em ambiente protegido, usando um esquema de parcelas subdivididas 2x2x3, dois substratos (areia e solo), com dois híbridos de canola (Hyola 61 e Hyola 433), em três profundidades de semeadura (1, 2 e 3 cm), com oito repetições, resultando em 96 unidades experimentais. Em cada unidade experimental semearam-se 25 sementes que foram avaliadas por meio da contagem diária da emergência, até o ponto de sua estabilização, que ocorreu no décimo dia. Assim, se iniciaram as avaliações definidas de Comprimento de raiz (CR), Comprimento de plântula inteira (CPI), Altura de plântula (ALT), Plântulas normais (PN), Plântulas anormais (PA), Emergência de plântulas (E), Índice de velocidade de emergência (IVE), Massa fresca de plântulas (MFP) e Massa seca de plântulas (MSP). Observou-se que os híbridos tiveram melhor desempenho em substrato solo, com superioridade do hibrido Hyola 433 na semeadura a 1 cm de profundidade.
Thermal degradation of the anthocyanins extracts from jabuticaba peels and red cabbage leaves
Authors: Souza Priscila Pereira , Robazza Weber Silva , Galvão Alessandro Cazonatto
Published: April 2021

Anthocyanins are phenolic compounds with tinctorial capacity. Their successful extraction and purification depends on information associated with their thermal stability. This work presents a study on the degradation kinetics of the anthocyanins in the peels of the jabuticaba fruits and the leaves of red cabbage through assays performed at different temperatures (ranging from 323.15 K to 363.15 K) and degradation times (up to 10 hours for jabuticaba and 30 hours for red cabbage). Total monomeric anthocyanins were determined through the pH differential method. Regarding the extraction, it was observed a larger quantity of anthocyanins from red cabbage extracts, with an average value of 1.3774 mg‧gdb-1, when compared to jabuticaba extracts, with an average value of 1.0479 mg‧gdb-1. The results suggest that the anthocyanins in the red cabbage leaves are much more thermally stable than the anthocyanins in the jabuticaba peels. The experimental assays suggest that the thermal degradation reaction proceeds according to a first-order kinetics model for the anthocyanins in both sources under study. The experimental values were treated according to their thermodynamic relations, which indicated that the thermal degradation process of the evaluated anthocyanins is endothermic and not spontaneous, with similar values of 64.8 kJ‧mol-1 for the red cabbage and 70.2 kJ‧mol-1 for the jabuticaba.
Amebas testáceas (Arcellinida e Euglyphida) em dois biótopos de um corpo aquático temporário contaminado por dejetos orgânicos: novas ocorrências para o estado da Bahia
Authors: Silva Lanna Jéssica Gomes da , Silva Márcio Borba da , Fraga Ricardo Evangelista , Anjos Matheus Santos dos , Rocha Cínthya Viana Souza , Santos Stefânia Pereira , Rocha Mariane Amorim
Published: April 2021

Lagoas temporárias são ambientes efêmeros pouco estudados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi inventariar a comunidade de amebas testáceas encontradas em dois biótopos (plâncton e perifíton) de um corpo aquático temporário contaminado por dejetos orgânicos. As coletas foram realizadas entre junho e setembro de 2018 na Fazenda Periperi, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. Foram coletadas 51 amostras planctônicas e 12 perifíticas. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas in situ e as bacteriológicas em laboratório através do kit Colilert®. A água deste ambiente é alcalina, com elevados valores de temperatura, sólidos totais dissolvidos e condutividade elétrica. Apresentou baixos teores de oxigênio dissolvido e transparência, refletindo a elevada biomassa fitoplanctônica presente. Os valores de coliformes totais e termotolerantes demonstraram contaminação fecal na água. Foram registrados 32 taxa de amebas testáceas distribuídos em 11 gêneros e oito famílias. A maior riqueza foi registrada no plâncton (23 taxa), seguido de Pistia sp. e Salvinia sp. (18 taxa cada). As famílias encontradas no plâncton foram Difflugiidae, Arcellidae, Centropyxidae, Cryptodifflugiidae, Netzeliidae e Trigonopyxidae, e nas macrófitas foram Difflugiidae, Lesquereusiidae, Netzeliidae e Euglyphidae. Seis espécies constituem primeiras ocorrências para o estado da Bahia: Arcella costata, Ciclopyxis arcelloides, Difflugia dragana, D. gigantea, D. kabylica e D. helvetica. Com o desaparecimento das macrófitas, houve intercambio espacial das espécies Centropyxis hirsuta, D. kabylica e Pentagonia maroccana para o plâncton, evidenciando a plasticidade destes organismos em ocupar ambientes eutrofizados, instáveis e sazonais, tolerando contaminação fecal.
Productivity, cation absorption and severity of alternaria potato influenced by potassium fertilization
Authors: Soares Maria Elisa Paraguassu , Cavalcante Alian Cássio Pereira , Andrade Guilherme Antonio Vieira de , Barbosa Iandra Rocha , Lima Nelson Júnior Corrêa , Aquino Leonardo Angelo de
Published: April 2021

Potassium (K) is the nutrient most extracted by the potato crop and its deficiency drastically reduces productivity and increases early blight severity. Excessive K fertilization may reduce calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) absorption and compromise productivity just as much as K deficiency. The influence of K fertilization on Ca, Mg and K absorption is not documented for Asterix potato grown in clay soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the absorption and partitioning of K, Ca and Mg in the potato plant, in the productivity, and in the severity of early blight as a function of K2O doses. The treatments consisted of five doses of K: 0, 150, 300, 500, and 700 kg ha-1 of K2O. Doses were applied in two steps: 150 kg ha-1 of K2O in the planting groove together with the N and P and the remainder of each dose, with broadcast fertilization preceding the hilling process that took place 21 days after planting. Early blight severity and the number of small tubers decreased, while the number of large tubers increased as a function of K doses. The optimal dose for total productivity was 291.3 kg ha-1 of K2O. In addition, the absorption of Ca and Mg were reduced by high doses of K, which shows that the doses of this nutrient must be consistent with the extraction of the potato crop.
Evaluation of peroxide index and oxidative rancidity of broiler diets and the occurrence of breast muscle anomalies
Authors: Calasans Max Weber de Menezes , Furian Thales Quedi , Borges Karen Apellanis , Dos Santos Lara Franco , Freitas Carla Patrícia , Pilotto Fernando , Dos Santos Luciana Ruschel
Published: April 2021

The incidence of breast muscle anomalies, such as white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB), has increased over the last two decades. These myopathies have different implications on the quality of poultry meat, which depending on the degree of the anomaly, may be rejected due to undesirable appearance or lower technological and nutritional characteristics. Despite the high economic impact, the causes of these myopathies have not yet been defined. The increased susceptibility of poultry to the oxidation process may influence the occurrence of hemorrhagic disorders and muscular dystrophies, necrosis, and fibrosis associated with myopathy with unknown etiology development. Coagulants such as ferric chloride (FC) used in the treatment of effluents can be involved in the feed peroxidation process. Our aim was to evaluate whether the peroxides generated by the presence of FC in poultries’ diets are related to myopathies. Broilers were treated with feed supplemented with 4, 8, or 12 mL FC/Kg of feed. The presence of WS and WB, feed peroxide indices (PI), mean weights, and feed conversion ratios were evaluated. The highest FC concentration indicated higher peroxide production. Addition of 4, 8 and 12 mL of FC yielded 60.0%, 70.0%, and 70.7% of myopathies, respectively, which indicated a possible relationship between food peroxidation and myopathies. Lipoperoxidation resulted in the lowest mean final weight and worsening of the feed conversion in the birds treated with 12 mL of FC. Feed with a high peroxide index is a factor that can increase the incidence of WB and WS.
Caracterização hidrológica das bacias hidrográficas dos rios Peruípe, Itanhém e Jucuruçu
Authors: Farias Emilly da Silva , Silva Gabriela Mateus Fontes , Da Silva João Batista Lopes , Da Silva Danilo Paulucio , Pires Luanna Chácara
Published: April 2021

A caracterização hidrológica de uma bacia hidrográfica é de grande eficácia para otimização de seu uso, pois permite que ocorram planejamentos e gerenciamentos adequados para o uso de seus recursos hídricos. Portanto, esse trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o comportamento hidrológico e verificar a produtividade hídrica das bacias hidrográficas dos rios Peruípe, Itanhém e Jucuruçu. Para tanto, fez-se a análise de séries históricas de 22 estações pluviométricas, obtendo precipitação média anual e total precipitado no trimestre mais seco e mais chuvoso; e 8 estações fluviométricas, que a partir dos dados históricos de cotas fez-se o ajuste de curvas-chave, para estimar novas vazões em função da cota medida. Obteve-se, a partir das vazões reestimadas, as variáveis:  Qmed, Qmax, Q7, Q50, Q90 e Q95, bem como as vazões específicas de cada estação. Realizou-se ainda a análise da estacionariedade das vazões e da precipitação anual. Os resultados apontam que as estações que se localizam mais a oeste apresentaram períodos secos e chuvosos mais acentuados, enquanto nas estações mais próximas ao litoral tais períodos foram menos marcados. Uma vez que as vazões específicas representam a produtividade hídrica por área de drenagem, pode-se afirmar que a bacia do rio Jucuruçu apresentou a maior produtividade hídrica. Em relação a disponibilidade hídrica ao longo do tempo, as estações fluviométricas apresentaram tendência de diminuição de suas vazões, principalmente em relação as vazões mínimas. Tais fatos demonstram a necessidade de manejo adequado dessas bacias a fim de evitar a instalação de uma crise hídrica na região.
Reduction of salinity and sodicity of saline-sodic soils under filed condition in Brazilian semi-arid region
Authors: Silva Airon José da , Aguiar Netto Antenor de Oliveira , Lucas Ariovaldo Antonio Tadeu , Araújo Rychardson Rocha de , Sousa Alexsandro da Fonseca de
Published: April 2021

The salinization process in irrigated areas in the semi-arid region of Brazil, constantly cause economic, social, and environmental problems. Therefore, the present research aimed at assessing the effect of different amounts of agricultural gypsum and cow manure associated with an artificial drainage system and salt leaching due to the application of amount of water in a saline-sodic soil under field condition. The experiment was carried out at the irrigated perimeter of Jacaré-Curituba, Poço Redondo, with an experimental design split into plots made of doses of gypsum corresponding to 0,0; 4,300.00 and 8,600.00 kg.ha-1 combined with and without  organic matter, cow manure with 25,000.00 kg.ha-1 and 0.00 kg.ha-1. Each treatment (six in total) was repeated four times. Thus, 24 plots of 50 m2 were monitored (split plot) with an area of 1.200 m2. All treatments had an artificial drainage system in the center of the plot and the same amount of leach water was then added. The outcomes allowed us to understand that all treatments had the salinity and sodicity soil values reduced at the studied site. Moreover, the treatments with cow manure (source of organic matter) presented the best results, because soil electrical conductivity values (< 4 dS m-1) reached the normal level to agricultural yield.
Estabilidade oxidativa em hambúrguer de frango adicionado de antioxidantes extraídos da polpa e semente da romã (Punica granatum, L.)
Authors: Menezes Santos Jideane , Da Silva Borges Ângela , Beltrão Lessa Constant Patrícia
Published: April 2021

A romã (Punica granatum, L.) tornou-se uma forte alternativa no controle da oxidação lipídica em virtude de ser rica em compostos bioativos. O presente trabalho propôs avaliar a estabilidade oxidativa em hambúrguer de frango adicionado de extratos da polpa e semente de romã durante 28 dias de armazenamento a -18 °C. Foram obtidos extratos da polpa e da semente da romã, os quais tiveram os seus respectivos potenciais antioxidantes avaliados pelo método da capacidade para sequestrar o radical ABTS⁺ além da determinação de compostos fenólicos totais. O extrato da polpa apresentou maior teor de compostos fenólicos totais em comparação com o extrato da semente e no método ABTS+, obteve maior potencial antioxidante. O estudo foi realizado com quatro tratamentos: T1 (sem adição de antioxidantes), T2 (com adição de BHT), T3 (com adição de extrato da semente de romã) e T4 (com adição de extrato da polpa de romã). As dosagens para os tratamentos T2, T3 e T4 foram de 0,01%, 0,02% e 0,02% respectivamente. Não houve diferença significativa para os parâmetros de cor L*, a*, b*, C* e h entre os tratamentos durante o armazenamento. O valor de pH do T1 diferiu dos demais tratamentos a 5% de significância, os quais (T2, T3 e T4) não diferiram entre si. Na análise de TBARS o T1 apresentou diferença significativa com os demais tratamentos; T2, T3 e T4 não diferiram entre si, demonstrando que os extratos da polpa e semente de romã tiveram desempenho semelhante ao BHT no controle da oxidação lipídica.
Avaliação in silico e in vitro dos flavonoides vitexina, tilirosideo e 5,7-dihidroxi-3,8,4'-trimetoxi: Avaliação do FPS e predição da atividade anti câncer
Authors: De Sousa Aleson Pereira , Nunes Mayara Karla dos Santos , Oliveira Micaelly da Silva , Fernandes Diégina Araújo , Ferreira Maria Denise Leite , Cordeiro Laísa Vilar , Souza Helivaldo Diógenes da Silva , Souza Maria de Fátima Vanderlei de , Pessoa Hilzeth de Luna Freire , Oliveira Filho Abrahão Alves de , Sá Rita de Cássia da Silveira e
Published: April 2021

Os produtos naturais têm sido utilizados para combater os crescentes efeitos danosos causados pela exposição solar, adicionando fórmulas químicas a compostos ou substâncias naturais para potencializar o efeito protetor na pele. Através de análises in silico e in vitro, o presente estudo avaliou o efeito farmacológico contra o câncer de pele e o fator de proteção solar de três flavonoides: Hv-1 (Kaempferol-3-O-β-D- (6”-Ep-coumaril) glucopiranosideo), Pg-1 (5,7-dihidroxi-3,8,4'-trimetoxi) e Wv-1 (5,7,4'-trihidroxiflavona-8-C-β-glucopiranosideo), bem como seus respectivos compostos naturais (extratos etanólicos brutos – EEBs e frações diclorometano/clorofórmio – FC/FD), oriundos de processos de extração em espécies da família Malvaceae. Os resultados da análise in silico demonstraram que o Pg-1 possui maior probabilidade no potencial antineoplásico para o tratamento do sarcoma, do carcinoma, do melanoma e do câncer de células escamosas, enquanto o Hv-1 apresenta efeito antineoplásico no combate ao melanoma e ao câncer nas células escamosas. O Wv-1 apresentou baixa ativação antineoplásica em neoplasias do sistema tegumentar. A análise in vitro revelou que os compostos dos EEBsHv e FDHv, e as frações (FCWv, FDHv e FCPg) tiveram elevado fator de proteção solar (25,01FPS). O estudo das substâncias isoladas mostrou que o Wv-1 não produziu efeito protetor significativo no espectro UVB, contudo o Hv-1 e o Pg-1 apresentaram efeitos semelhantes, com alto nível de proteção (25,01FPS). Os dados indicam que os compostos analisados poderiam tornar-se alternativas terapêuticas como fitoterápicos e as moléculas isoladas, candidatas promissoras a fitofármacos com efeito fotoprotetor e atividade anticâncer no sistema tegumentar.
Effect of synthesis method of LaNiO3 type materials with perovskite structure on their features and in the methylene blue dye removal from aqueous media
Authors: Ribeiro Joenesson Fílip Santos , Souza Andreza Alves , Lima Elaine Cristina Nogueira Lopes , Souza Marcelo José Barros , Garrido Pedrosa Anne Michelle
Published: April 2021

Oxides with perovskite structure are the target of important studies, as they are versatile materials that have shown magnetic, electrical, optical, catalytic, adsorptive applications, among others, and are also easily synthesized. These applications are potentially influenced by the synthesis method, and in this sense, several methods have been used to prepare these materials, in order to optimize their characteristics and properties. The methods: modified protein using gelatin as a complexing agent, mechanosynthesis and combustion method in the heating plate and microwave were used to prepare LaNiO3 type materials with perovskite structure used in the present work. The materials obtained were characterized by physical-chemical techniques (X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption at 77 K and determination of the point of zero charge) and evaluated as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue dye in aqueous medium. All materials showed potential for removing the dye from the medium, with emphasis on the material obtained by mechanosynthesis, which presented higher methylene blue dye discoloration efficiency, due its smaller crystallite size and larger surface area. After the dye removal tests, the perovskite structure was preserved and the adsorbent was reused after being subjected to calcination at 900 °C for 2 hours when simultaneous degradation of the previously adsorbed dye occurred. The reused materials still had a high potential for dye removal.
The role of ethnozoology for the mammal conservation of the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Vidica-Oliveira Aline Mamede , Hannibal Wellington
Published: April 2021

In this study, we investigated the ethnozoological practices adopted by the population of the São Domingo dos Olhos D´Água (SDOA) settlement for the conservation of mammals in a fragmented landscape of the Cerrado, southern Goiás State, Brazil. Initially, we surveyed the mammal fauna in the legal reserve areas of SDOA through the active search and interview. Subsequently, we applied socioeconomic and ethnozoological questionnaires to 30 people to investigate the association of these two approaches in mammal conservation. We found 14 species of large and medium-sized mammals (5 threatened species) in the SDOA settlement. More than 90% of the interviewees have a low level of scholarly education, aged between 45 to 77 years, with agriculture and livestock as their main economic activity. All interviewees have lived in the area for more than 10 years, and 67% said they do not fish and 90% do not hunt. The inhabitants of the SDOA know its mammal fauna, regardless of scholarly education or hunting and fishing practice. On the other hand, monthly income and residence time at the settlement are socioeconomic factors that affected the degree of perception about the mammals. Ethnozoological studies associated with socioeconomic factors are an important approach in predicting knowledge about local biodiversity.
The crystal structure of bis{(μ2-3,3-dimethyl-1-phenylbut-1-en-2-yl)((dimethylamino)dimethylsilyl)amido-κ3
N,N′:N′}dilithium, C32H54Li2N4Si2
Authors: Tong Hong-Bo , Wang Meng-Liang
Published: April 2021

C32H54Li2N4Si2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.611(4) Å, b = 11.157(6) Å, c = 13.307(5) Å, β = 100.12(3)°, V = 1697.0(12) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0622, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1561, T = 213 K.
Specificities of small airways dysfunction development in patients with mild asthma
Authors: Mineeva Elena E. , Antonyuk Marina V. , Yurenko Alla V. , Gvozdenko Tatyana A. , Kytikova Oksana Yu.
Published: April 2021

The study goal was to identify specificities of small airways dysfunction development (SAD) in patients with mild asthma. Material and Methods — The study involved 114 patients with mild asthma. Depending on the condition of their small airways, the patients were split among two groups: Group 1 of 94 patients with asthma without SAD (82.5%); Group 2 of 20 patients with asthma and SAD (17.5%). The control group consisted of 25 volunteers. SAD was diagnosed by the presence of air trapping and hyperinflation. Results — SAD was diagnosed in 17.5% of patients with mild asthma. The development of SAD was observed in 80% of asthma patients with ailment duration of over 5 years and family history of asthma. Obesity was diagnosed 1.7 times more often in patients with SAD compared with those without it. Food allergy, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, urticaria and bronchial obstruction were identified two or more times more often in patients with SAD compared with those without it. Among all patients with mild asthma and SAD, bronchial obstruction was detected in 55% of cases. Conclusion — The development of SAD in the presence of mild asthma is characteristic for patients with ailment duration over 5 years, family history of asthma, obesity, predominant sensitization to food allergens, and concomitant non-pulmonary allergic diseases. Bronchial obstruction is not the obligatory feature of SAD development in presence of mild asthma.
Adoption of a non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) in prenatal screening in Moscow: first results
Authors: Olenev Anton S. , Baranova Elena E. , Sagaydak Olesya V. , Galaktionova Alexandra M. , Kuznetsova Ekaterina S. , Kaplanova Madina T. , Belenikin Maxim S. , Songolova Ekaterina N.
Published: April 2021

The objective — To assess the effectiveness of including NIPT in the structure of prenatal diagnostics in Moscow.
Material and Methods — Totally 5,181 pregnancies undergoing screening for fetal trisomy using NIPT during the period from 01.04.2020 to 30.09.2020 in Russia. According to the results of biochemical blood test, the patients were divided into two groups: group of high risk (cut-off ≥1:100) (n=208) and group of intermediate risk (cut-off 1:101 – 1:2500) (n=4,973). Patients at high-risk cell-free DNA (cfDNA) were offered an invasive procedure, followed by genetic analysis (cytogenetic or molecular karyotyping).
Results — Among the analysed samples, 117 (2.3%) had a high risk of the following common fetal chromosome abnormalities by NIPT: trisomy 21 in 50 cases, trisomy 18 in 17 cases, trisomy 13 in 5 cases, and sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) in 22 cases. Additionally, rare autosomal trisomies and/or subchromosomal arrangements were revealed in 23 cases. We found associations between cfDNA concentration and high risk of aneuploidies (particularly trisomy 21) and fetal sex and between low fetal fraction (FF) and body mass index (BMI) as well as maternal weight. Additionally, a high risk of trisomy 21 was associated with the term gestation.
Conclusion — The effectiveness of technological resources that are based on cfDNA testing for detecting abnormal fetal chromosome numbers and other chromosomal anomalies is high and reduce rates of false positive results. Therefore, NIPT should be more widely used as a first-line screening method.
Instrucción Ortopédica de Posgrado - Imágenes - Presentación del caso
Authors: Trueba Ricardo
Published: April 2021

Paciente de 65 años que consulta por dolor lumbar crónico, sin antecedentes clínicos. Durante la anamnesis,manifiesta que la magnitud de su dolor fue se fue incrementando con el tiempo. En el examen físico, presentalumbalgia mecánica con aumento del dolor a la palpación puntual de la línea media en la charnela toracolumbar. Como estudios complementarios, se solicitan radiografías y una resonancia magnética de columna lumbar, sin medio de contraste.
Revista actual: evolución e incorporación de editores de sección
Authors: Ricciardi Guillermo Alejandro
Published: April 2021

Presentacion de evolucion y estado actual de la Revista Artigentina de Ortopedia y Traumatologia
Extreme Situation and Challenges of the Time
Authors: Savkin Nikolay S.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. In the XXI century cases of emergence of extreme situations in the world, including in Russia, associated with natural, man-made, social disasters, have become more frequent, requiring urgent adequate decisions from society, politicians, scientists responsible for the fate of people. An extreme situation is an extraordinary situation that goes beyond the usual framework. In this sense, it is a new social reality at a given time, different from the commonplace, everyday life. It can be individual, when a person is left alone in a position of self-isolation, and public, when it concerns the masses, society, humanity. Methods. In the process of the study, a dialectical materialistic, synergistic method was used, which made it possible to draw objective, scientifically substantiated conclusions about the need and possibility of overcoming the negative consequences of incompetent, unqualified decisions in response to the challenges of the time. A systematic approach and a comprehensive assessment of the processes under study allow us to reveal the contradictory nature of the extreme: on the one hand, it shows the mobilization capabilities of the authorities in order to find an effective response to the challenges of the time, on the other hand, it allows us to evaluate the country’s health system from the point of view of effectiveness. Discussion and Conclusion. The expected effect of a critical analysis of the extreme situation associated with the spread of the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic in Russia was a fairly timely response from the country’s leadership, as a result of which a professionally grounded concept of responding to the challenge was presented: an increase in health care financing, doctors’ salaries and medical workers, activization of scientists on the removal of vaccination against coronavirus, etc.
Fighting with Capital, You Are Awarded the Ruble... Awarding Red Army Soldiers with Valuable Gifts and Monetary Awards during the Civil War (1917–1922)
Authors: Shunyakov Dmitry V.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The experience of awarding Red Army soldiers with valuable gifts and cash prizes in a difficult economic situation during the Civil War is analyzed. It is stated that the abolition of the award system of imperial Russia led to the need to introduce awards for Red Army soldiers and commanders simultaneously with the creation of the Red Army. Materials and Methods. The study involved collections of official documents, official statistics, as well as scientific literature. The study was based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and systematics. The need to process quantitative data led to the use of the statistical method. Results. To ensure the need of the army for awarding, the country’s leadership actively used the awarding of valuable gifts and monetary rewards of both individual military personnel and entire military formations (bonus with salaries of monetary allowance). It is noted that the award production was regulated by a single documentary base with the highest award of the republic – the Order of the Red Banner. Conclusions. It is stated that valuable gifts and cash prizes were the most massive material awards during the war. Due to the catastrophic situation with the financial system and material allowance, their rewards had a great motivational effect on the military.
Economic History in the Topics of Dissertation Research in Russia (1991–2019)
Authors: Bakanov Sergey A. , Medvedev Ivan A.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. This article deals with the subject of thesis in the direction of “Economic history”, which were prepared and defended in Russia in the post-Soviet period (1991–2019). The dissolution of the Soviet Union is getting rid of research from ideological clichés, which made the topic of economic history relevant and in demand. Materials and Methods. On the basis of the e-catalog of authors’ abstracts of the Russian State Library, the database “Dissertations on economic history of the late XX – early XXI centuries” was formed. The bibliographic information about the authors’ abstracts became the formal attributes of the described database. The analytical units were the attributes of the “geographical range”, “chronological frame” and “research problem”. Results. The analysis of the database showed that during the entire period were formed stable trends scientific subdirectories within the frame of economic history (history of industry, history of agriculture, history of entrepreneurship, history of banks, etc.), and in maintaining the status of leading research centers. The historical period from the second half of the XIX to the first half of the XX centuries attracts the main attention of the authors of thesis on economic history. Discussion and Conclusion. A quantitative analysis of the dynamic of thesis defenses showed a decline in the interest of authors of thesis in the problems of economic history in the 2010s. The key factors of this decline were changes in the requirements to thesis. Nevertheless, the authors believe that the direction of “economic history” has a potential to overcome designated problems.
Monoklonális ellenanyag-alapú terápia myeloma multiplexben
Authors: Hardi Apor , Kozma András , Ceglédi Andrea , Tomán Ágnes , Bors András , Andrikovics Hajnalka , Mikala Gábor
Published: April 2021

Összefoglaló. A monoklonális ellenanyagokat termelő
plazmasejtburjánzás, a myeloma multiplex kezelésére a monoklonális
ellenanyag-terápia viszonylag későn lépett a klinikumba. 2020 végén már három
törzskönyvezett antitest, az elotuzumab, a daratumumab és az isatuximab áll
rendelkezésre különböző gyógyszer-kombinációk részeként a myeloma betegség
eltérő terápiás helyzeteinek megoldására. Emellett számos új antitest, nemcsak
„csupasz” antitestek, hanem antitestdrug konjugátumok és bispecifikus antitestek
állnak viszonylag előrehaladott klinikai fejlesztési stádiumban, közvetlenül a
bevezetés előtt. Összefoglalónkban a rendelkezésünkre álló nagyszámú tanulmány
eredményeit ismertetjük, fogódzót kínálva a terület eredményeit kritikus szemmel
megismerni kívánó olvasóknak.

Summary. Although multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy known
to produce monoclonal antibodies, therapeutic monoclonal antibodies entered late
into this clinical field. At the end of 2020, we already have three approved
monoclonal antibodies: elotuzumab, daratumamab, and isatuximab – available in
different drug combinations at different therapeutic settings of multiple
myeloma. Additionally, there are a number of new antibodies, not just „bare”
antibodies but antibody-dug conjugates and bispecific antibodies stand at
advanced stages of clinical development, frequently just before approval. In
this review, results of the large number of clinical studies are critically
detailed in order to provide assistance for our interested readers.