bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Methods for Detecting Vulnerabilities of Web Resources to SQL Injections
Authors:   State University of Information and Communication Technologies, Kyiv, Fedorenko A. A.
Published: December 2023

This article examines the issue of SQL injection vulnerabilities in web applications and the use of automated scanners to detect these vulnerabilities. It begins with a description of SQL injections and their consequences, as well as manual testing for vulnerabilities. The article goes on to analyze various automated vulnerability scanners, including Acunetix, Burp Suite, Nessus, OpenVAS, SQLMap, OWASP ZAP, and Nikto. Each scanner has its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the level of detail and functionality. The article concludes with conclusions that emphasize the importance of understanding SQL injection risks and using the right tools to detect them. It is emphasized that automated scanners are not a one-size-fits-all solution and must be accompanied by manual verification and analysis. The article points to the need for constant updates of scanners and a combination of automated and manual methods to ensure the highest level of security. It provides readers with a useful overview of the various aspects and aspects of using automated SQL injection vulnerability scanners in web applications.
Evaluate the onsite three-wheeler parking requirement of supermarket developments to mitigate the parking-related traffic impact in Colombo, Sri Lanka
Authors:   Department of Town and Country Planning, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Pathiraja A.L.A.C. , De Silva P.C.P
Published: December 2023

Parking plays a fundamental role in any transportation system, serving as a crucial element in mitigating traffic congestion and enhancing the overall mobility experience. In Sri Lanka, particularly in commercial and shopping areas within the City of Colombo, the issue of roadside parking has emerged as a significant challenge. This predicament has been exacerbated by the spread of private vehicles, especially three-wheelers, which often operate without dedicated parking spaces despite existing regulations in Sri Lanka. This research endeavours to bridge the divide between the legal requirements, as stipulated by regulations, and the actual operational demand for three-wheeler parking in supermarket areas within Colombo, Sri Lanka. By conducting a meticulous comparative analysis and employing statistical tools like SPSS, the study seeks to provide valuable insights into the onsite three-wheeler parking needs of supermarket developments. The ultimate objective of this research is to establish a standardized framework for allocating three-wheeler parking slots within supermarket areas. This framework aims not only to cater to the existing parking demand but also to alleviate the parking-related traffic issues that currently plague Colombo's commercial and shopping areas. In doing so, this research aspires to contribute to the optimization of urban transportation, making it more efficient and accessible for all road users while also fostering sustainable urban development in the vibrant city of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Awareness and perception of quantity surveyors toward the smart construction concepts
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Rajapaksha R.S.V. , Devapriya K.A.K. , Parameswaran A.
Published: December 2023

The construction industry is undergoing a transformative phase due to the integration of modern technologies such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Machine Learning, and Blockchain. Quantity surveyors, as pivotal figures in construction projects, must adapt to these advancements. Therefore, the research aimed to determine the perception and impact of new smart concepts and technological trends on quantity surveying professionals. Accordingly, the research adopts a mixed approach. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Manual content analysis and the Relative Important Index (RII) were used to analyse the collected data. The findings demonstrate that all identified smart construction concepts significantly influence the quantity surveying profession, with BIM exerting the most substantial impact. Further, the study emphasises the urgency for quantity surveying professionals to upgrade their knowledge and skills to remain relevant in this technologically advancing landscape. Moreover, the research recommended that industry professionals, construction organisations, and academia facilitate this knowledge enhancement through Continuous Professional Development (CPD) workshops, webinars, specialized training sessions, and formal education programs to stay abreast of these modern trends and technologies. Subsequently, this research serves as a valuable guide for stakeholders, encouraging proactive steps towards integrating modern technology into the traditional domain of quantity surveying.
Effective integration of built environment with urban Ramsar wetlands: an environmentally sustainable design framework
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Sooriyaarachchi S.A.P.C. , Rajapaksha I.G.P.
Published: December 2023

Considering the increasing number of Urban Wetland Integrated Building Invasions that occur continuously in Sri Lanka, there is little scientific understanding of the optimal design strategies and their relative advantages for ecosystems and humans. The preservation of ecology while adding architectural interventions into sensitive places is a complex procedure, especially when dealing with highly sensitive eco-systems. To wisely integrate buildings with the natural environment of the wetlands, research on the design and application of integrating ESD standards is essential. The primary concept that applies the most to ESD recommendations for wetlands is the "environmental briefing system" (ESD), which is regarded as the most comprehensive and clearly expressed principles and strategies on ESD features. Furthermore, this research extends the framework to include strategies specific to RAMSAR wetlands, comprising 33 distinct methods organized within five primary rationales. This results in a comprehensive framework comprising 63 optional design measures tailored to conserve and protect urban RAMSAR wetlands effectively. In advance, the suggested framework could be used as a benchmark, an evaluation index, or an environmental assessment tool for projects that have already been completed. Additionally, it could be used as a fix-up tool, a checklist for design teams, or a benchmark for projects that are still in the pre-design stages.
Boundary wall in public library a protection for a site or a missed opportunity for an urban space : Case study of Divisional Government public library, Rajshahi
Authors:   North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Galib MD. M. , Saaj K. B. J. ,   Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland
Published: December 2023

Boundary walls, often used for protection of a site are more of visual hindrance than protection itself, especially around public spaces. The solid boundary wall around the government public library of Rajshahi hides the potential the site contains to be utilized by the users. Moreover, the boundary wall adds to the public nuisance in the pedestrian around. This paper discusses the issues of the walls and how it can be reimagined to accommodate public usage into consideration. Literature review provides sufficient reasons and evident to make the wall permeable to public. A questionnaire survey done with the local people provides insight of their perspective towards the library and the outcomes of the survey provides suggestions for improvement.
An Investigation of effective community driven material recovery facility (MRF) in urban waste management – a case study of MRF in Wattala
Authors:   Department of Town & Country Planning, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Herath C.D. , Noordeen R.
Published: December 2023

Sri Lanka as a developing country, continues to use the take-make-dispose paradigm of the conventional linear economy. Scarcity of resources and municipal solid waste management problem that linear economies may pinpoint as the underlying cause. By using a Community-driven Material Recovery Facility (CdMRF) as a tool, the Sustainable Circular Economy, a novel developing idea pertinent to the Sri Lankan context, can be a better alternative in this research study's effort to address such difficulties. Waste can be converted into a resource should be a significant fact in this study. Wattala CdMRF is the selected case study. The mixed method used for this study and methodology used are onsite observations, 11 Key Informant Interviews (KII), 35 questionnaire surveys were conducted for the households, commercial enterprises and material collectors by using random sampling method. The key findings of this study demonstrate converting informal material collector occupation into a formalized profession, saving mechanism through resource banking establishment, formalized National Waste Management Committee and Journey of Transformation (JoT) through innovations. The sustainability of the CdMRF is largely dependent on social indicators, with community as the core element of running to achieve Sustainable Circular Economy while enhancing environmental positive externalities.
Branding heritage crafts in Sri Lanka: contribution of experiential architecture via strategies of experiential marketing
Authors:   University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka, Karunarathne H. , Dharmasena J.
Published: December 2023

This paper investigates the relationship between heritage crafts store architecture and consumer experiences to brand heritage crafts through experiential architecture and marketing. The research establishes a theoretical framework to qualitatively measure consumer experiences in the context of heritage crafts branding, drawing upon Schmitt’s Experiential Marketing theory (1999), Klingmann’s Experiential Architecture theory (2010) and Lee’s characteristics of interior space (2022). To refine and validate the framework, the research explores three local heritage crafts stores, consults with professionals and experts and conduct a questionnaire survey with 50 respondents. The results indicates that architectural elements predominantly influence consumers’ emotional and intellectual responses, creating a distinctive atmosphere. Key architectural appeals include the use of rustic and weathered textural finishes, the integration of large volumes with multiple heights, spatial adaptability reminiscent of old traditional houses and providing sense of belonging through culturally and historically familiar elements. Moreover, the architectural program significantly impacts consumers’ engagement, retention and immersive experiences within the crafts store, such as incorporating complementary functions like a cultural centre, café, exhibition space in addition to crafts selling and providing visits to craft villages. In conclusion, the research contributes a set of architectural appeals that can be integrated into experiential architecture for heritage crafts.
Movilidad sostenible ante el cambio climático. Propuestas desde la ecopolítica feminista
Authors: Fosado Centeno Ericka
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se trabaja la movilidad sostenible como una sinergia frente al cambio climático con potencial de contribuir a transformar las condiciones que producen desigualdad de género y violencia en contra de las mujeres. Para ello se partió de dos objetivos: identificar los componentes que están caracterizando a la movilidad sostenible y elaborar propuestas para incorporar la perspectiva de género en este paradigma. El análisis se basa en un corpus conformado por producciones científicas sobre el tema publicadas entre 2018 y 2022 y en aportaciones de la ecología política feminista y los estudios de género. Se encontró que el género está ausente en el debate y diseño de estrategias de movilidad sostenible, pues no se atiende en sus principales componentes (transporte limpio, desarrollo tecnológico, accesibilidad, prácticas, equidad y participación social). Al respecto, se propone desarrollar acciones a través de los siguientes nodos: patrones de acceso, uso y distribución equitativos, movilidad del cuidado, participación de las mujeres, movilidad libre de violencia. Desde esta ruta, la perspectiva de género podría funcionar como articuladora entre los tres principios de la sostenibilidad en el campo de la movilidad, evitando que el tema se reduzca a una cuestión técnica asociada al transporte limpio.
Human-Dog-Relationship and its positive effects on dogs and their humans with special needs
Authors: Menor-Campos David , Gazzano Angelo , Lezama-García Karina , Domínguez-Oliva Adriana , Ogi Asahi , Mota-Rojas Daniel
Published: December 2023

Dogs might enjoy interaction with humans, making the human-dog relationship (HDR) important and necessary for domestic dogs. This relationship has expanded into an interaction where dogs are not solely considered companion animals but “service animals” for humans with special needs such as blindness, deafness, locomotion problems, or various conditions such as cardiovascular pathologies, epilepsy, diabetes, depression, and autism. This review aims to emphasize the effects of positive HDR on animal welfare and people with health or psychological problems, as well as individuals with special needs. It has been concluded that HDR is an interaction between humans and companion animals that might bring benefits for both. Companion animals are immersed in pleasant situations, and positive emotions might arise when keeping them physically and mentally active. Moreover, the welfare of dogs can also be improved due to the close bond with humans, who endeavor positive HDR and stress-free situations.
Trend research of employee competence on employee performance using VOSviewer
Authors: Effendi Faizal , Tjahjono Heru Kurnianto , Widowati Retno
Published: December 2023

The development of publications on Employee Competence and its impact on Employee Performance over the past 15 years is the focus of this study. Publications from the Scopus database, totaling 994 documents according to the keywords, were collected, filtered, and narrowed down to 229 publications for analysis. It is evident that there has been a substantial and lucrative increase in publications addressing Employee Competence and its influence on Employee Performance during the past 15 years. Using the VOSviewer tool for bibliometric analysis, the results of the co-occurrence network visualization based on keywords revealed 35 items categorized into 6 clusters, each distinguished by a different color. This analysis underscores the extensive connections that research on Employee Competence and Employee Performance has with other subject areas, as observed through network visualization, overlay visualization, and density visualization. The practical implications derived from enhancing employee competence are substantial, leading to the improvement of employees' skills, increased productivity, and enhanced company effectiveness, thereby gaining a competitive advantage both in the present and the future, ultimately maximizing performance.
Rural tourism in Himachal Pradesh in transition: Challenges for regional sustainability
Authors: Verma Vikas , Ahlawat Rakesh , Ghai Mandeep , Bansal Sajeev
Published: December 2023

To enhance the functioning of tourism, rural tourism plays a crucial role by involving the local community and creating alternative sources of income and employment in agricultural areas and mountainous (tribal) regions. This study aims to examine the state of rural tourism in Himachal Pradesh, utilizing document analysis, qualitative interviews with various focus groups, and engaging stakeholders in discussions. Recent challenges and trends in rural tourism in Himachal Pradesh were also assessed. Furthermore, the study evaluated the current marketing structure of Himachal Pradesh concerning rural tourism products. The key findings of this research highlight the need to establish a comprehensive framework for rural tourism at both the state and national levels, focusing on general guidelines and strategic aspects of rural tourism. Additionally, it suggests the implementation of integrated provisions in marketing and regional legislation, developed in close collaboration with local stakeholders.
Characterization and antibiotic resistance profile of pathogenic bacteria from drinking and surface water in Odisha
Authors: Das Asima , Kabi Sunita , Jena Lipika , Sahu Kundan Kumar
Published: December 2023

The study was aimed at identifying pathogenic bacteria from various water sources, such as drinking water distribution channels, groundwaters, and various surface water bodies. The water samples were analyzed for their physicochemical parameters and analyzed for the presence of both fecal coliforms and nonfermentors, including Aeromonas and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the isolates were multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR), and the organisms tested were resistant to cefoperazone/sulbactam (CFS), cefuroxime (CXM), norfloxacin (NX) and cefepime/tazobactam (CPT). All isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone (CTR), and fecal coliforms and Pseudomonas spp. were susceptible to imipenem/cilastatin (IC) and ceftazidime (CAZ). Moreover, the findings indicate multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) and high-level resistance to antibiotics in nonfermentors, such as Aeromonas and Pseudomonas spp. These organisms have a high prevalence in surface water bodies and a high potential to form biofilms in pipelines. Therefore, it has become important to include these bacteria in the surveillance of the water quality index. We found 13.33% nonfermentors in our study. Since contamination of drinking water can occur at the source or during supply, the exact cause needs to be explored. In our study, we tried to determine the extent of bacterial contamination in various sources, with alarming findings for surface water, supply water, bore wells, and tube wells, which yielded 100%, 80%, 40%, and 20% positive results, respectively.
Factors on political involvement among university student in Malaysia
Authors: Ibrahim Mohd Yusri , Abd Muis Mujibu , Bakar Muhamad Hisommudin , Zainal Mohd Azlan , Hashim Mohd Jalaluddin , Jusoh Mohd Hazlami
Published: December 2023

For a country to remain stable, young people's participation in politics is crucial. Today's youth, even university students who ought to be at the forefront of this crucial issue, are becoming less and less interested in participating in politics. The purpose of this study was to determine the elements that influence university students' political participation. A cross-sectional survey of 417 university students from Peninsular Malaysia's East Coast was done. The AMOS programme was used to analyze the data obtained through the questionnaire using the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results demonstrate that factors such as attitude, family, media, and socializing have a favorable impact on university students' political involvement. This conclusion is supposed to serve as a foundation for different stakeholders to take all required steps to boost the involvement of university students in politics.
An innovative smart agriculture system utilizing a deep neural network and embedded system to enhance crop yield
Authors: Chandar A. Gokula , Sivasankari K. , Lakshmi S. Leela , Sugumaran S. , Kannadhasan S. , Balakumar S.
Published: December 2023

Wheat crop classification and prediction are important tasks for the optimization of crop yield and resource utilization. In this study, we propose an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model integrated with Genetic Algorithm (GA) to predict and classify the wheat crop images of different ages. The dataset of 19,300 images was used, and the model was trained and tested using various performance evaluation metrics. The results show that the proposed ANN+GA model achieved the highest accuracy of 99.29% during the training phase and 98.65% during the testing phase. The model was also compared with other state-of-the-art machine learning models, and the proposed model was found to be superior in terms of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, and F-measure. The graph of training and testing accurateness and loss values in contradiction ofindividual epoch demonstrating the speediness of model convergence. Our proposed model is feasible and robust, giving better classification and crop forecast outcomes for numerous wheat crop age groups with least resource necessities. These findings could be useful for farmers and agricultural researchers in improving crop yield and resource management.
Intraoral Repair of Dental Ceramics Using Er,Cr:YSGG Laser: Review
Authors: Noor Bader Hassan  , Basima Mohammed Ali Hussein*
Published: December 2023

Introduction: All-ceramic crowns are widely used in prosthodontics and cosmetic dentistry due to their good esthetic and proper physical properties. Chipping of ceramic is one of the most common post-insertion complications, that can be fixed either extraoral or intraorally. The latter is time time-effective alternative, less traumatic, and low-cost. A newer objective method of laser is a surface modification of ceramics to increase surface roughness. The aim of this study is to provide a review of Er,Cr;YSGG (2960nm) in intraoral repair and shear bond strength (SBS). Method: A thorough search considering Google Scholar and PubMed published data and ten articles found who published between 2018 to 2022. Results:Because of the variation in the material composition of all ceramic crowns (feldspathic porcelain, zirconia, lithium dislocate, hybrid ceramics) different surface treatment methods are required for strong composite ceramic interphase. The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG on porcelain was minimal and lower than hydrofluoric acid, while for zirconia surface can be acceptable compared to no treatment. Conclusion: intraoral repair is an effective and cost-effective treatment that does not require multiple appointments. However, the success and durability of the restoration are dependent on technical and clinical experience and a superior understanding of material composition.
Keywords: Intraoral repair, dental ceramics, ceramic chipping, Er,Cr:YSGG laser and shear bond strength (SBS).
دراسة تنبؤية لتأثير بعض المتغيرات في الاضطراب البيئي المتصور
Authors: الجنابي سلام , النعيمي مهند
Published: December 2023

الاضطراب البيئي المتصور Perceived Environmental Disorder هو حالة مفسرة للعالم تكون فيها الأشياء غير نمطية وغير متماسكة المواقف على العكس من ذلك، فإن النظام المدرك هو حالة مفسرة للعالم تكون فيها الأشياء في مواقف نمطية ومتماسكة. وطبقا لنظرية النوافذ المكسرة فأن الجريمة لا تنشأ من فراغ وانما من وجود عوامل مشجعة لها، وأبرز هذه العوامل تمثل في وجود الفوضى والنظام في المجتمعات البشرية. تكونت عينة البحث من 398 طالب وطالبة جامعية طبق عليهم مقياس الاضطراب البيئي المتصورة الذي تم بنائه واستخراج البنية العاملية له باستعمال التحليل العاملي الاستكشافي والتوكيدي واظهرت النتائج ان مقياس الاضطراب البيئي المتصور هو مقياس ثنائي الابعاد الاضطراب البيئي المادي والاضطراب البيئي الاجتماعي وقد اسفرت نتائج البحث ان عينة البحث طورت اعتقادا جازما بوجود اضطراب بيئي متصور بشقيه المادي والاجتماعي وان  19.2% من افراد العينة يقرون ان هناك اضطراب او فوضى بيئية متصورة شديدة جدا 60.8 % بيد ان المتغيرات الديمغرافية لم تكن ذات مساهمة عالية في التنبؤ بدرجة وشدة الاضطراب البيئي المتصور.
اثر العلاج (المعرفي - السلوكي) في الحد من الضغوط النفسية لطالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة
Authors: خضر بتول
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على اثر البرنامج العلاجي المقترح في خفض الضغوط النفسية لدى طالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة فيما كانت فروض البحث وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين المجموعة الضابطة والمجموعة التجريبية في اختبار الضغوط النفسية ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية وقد شملت عينة البحث (20) طالبة من طالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة/المرحلة الاولى / اختيروا بالطريقة وقد قسمت عينة البحث الى مجموعتين ضابطة وتجريبية بواقع (10) طالبات لكل مجموعة وقد طبق البرنامج المقترح على عينة البحث التجريبية وقد اختارت الباحثة مقياس الضغوط النفسية والذي يهدف الى خفض الضغوط والقلق والتوتر للطالبات  اما البرنامج العلاجي السلوكي  والذي يتكون من (8) جلسات علاجية بواقع جلستين اسبوعياً والذي يهدف الى استبدال الافكار السلبية بأفكار ايجابية وقد استخدمت الباحثة اختبار (مان- وتني) للعينات المتماثلة الصغيرة في المعالجات الاحصائية وقد اثبتت نتائج البحث ان البرنامج العلاجي السلوكي المعرفي المقترح اثراً واضحاً في خفض الضغوط النفسية لدى طالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة وبذلك تحققت فرضية البحث.
الإساءة الواقعة على الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية في المرافق العامة في مجتمع الإمارات
Authors: السياري ناهد , العموش أحمد
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على الإساءة الواقعة على الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية في المرافق العامة، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم استخدام منهج المسح الاجتماعي بالعينة باستخدام أداة الاستبيان، وطبقت الدراسة على عينة من الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة تشكلت من 90 شخص بطريقة غرضيه غير احتمالية من مجتمع الإمارات، وقد توصلت الدراسة لعدد من النتائج أبرزها: أن أعلى فئة عمرية كانت في عمر 18-25 سنة وغالبيتهم من الذكور، ومعظم أفراد العينة من الإماراتيين، ومعظمهم في مستوى الثانوي، أما عن أشكال الإساءة فظهر ارتفاع تعرض الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة لمضايقات من أشخاص آخرين، كما وجدت الدراسة أن هناك علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين محل الإقامة، المستوى التعليمي، الحالة العملية، المسكن والإساءة الواقعة على الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية في المرافق العامة، أما فيما يتعلق بالآثار المترتبة على الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية الذين تعرضوا للإساءة، فكان أعلى أثر هو الانعزال عن المجتمع . أما الآثار المترتبة على أسر الأشخاص من ذوي الإعاقة الجسدية الذين تعرضوا للإساءة في المرافق العامة، فأعلى أثر هو شعور العائلة بالعجز لعدم قدرتهم على حماية ابنهم، وقدمت الدراسة عدد من التوصيات أبرزها: وضع أرقام للتواصل خاصة للإبلاغ في حال تعرض ذوي الإعاقة للإساءة.
How to Evaluate the Green Supply Chain Performance of Fresh E-Commerce? An Improved VIKOR Based Multi-Criteria Group Decision Making Approach Under Intuitionistic Hesitation Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Han Wenzhao , Yang Xuejian , Yang Dan
Published: December 2023

With the popularity of Internet technology, the changing needs of consumers and the transformation and upgrading of the retail industry, new retail has emerged. The industrial structure shows a trend towards green, and people begin to pursue the quality and safety of products, and also green consumption, putting forward higher requirements for the supply chain. A green supply chain performance evaluation index system for fresh e-commerce enterprises containing six indexes is constructed, which includes: procurement costs, storage costs, packaging costs, transportation costs, distribution costs and information costs. Then, based on the realistic requirements of the green supply chain performance evaluation model for fresh e-commerce enterprises, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system model is established which uses the deviation maximization weighting method to determine the evaluation index weights and uses the intuitionistic hesitancy fuzzy method and Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method for comprehensive evaluation. Finally, an empirical analysis is conducted with Freshippo as an example to verify the applicability and objectivity of the performance evaluation index system and the evaluation model. The results show that Freshippo is at the upstream position of the industry and the new retail industry has more room for improvement.
Effectiveness of Argon Gas for Inhibiting Na Volatilization in GaN Crystal Growth by the Na-Flux Method
Authors: Wu Wenxiao , Pan Ronglin , Zeng Chao , Liu Li , Feng Qingqing , Yang Rui , Zhou Mingbin , Xiong Zhihua
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the growth of GaN crystals under different atmospheres through numerical simulations and experiments. To achieve large-sized, high-quality GaN single crystals, extended liquid phase epitaxy is necessary. However, the volatilization of Na in the solvent reduces nitrogen solubility during the later stages of growth, impeding long-term crystal growth and severely limiting the crystal size. To mitigate this, we introduced argon to increase the overall gas pressure and suppress Na volatilization. When the nitrogen pressure was set at 3 MPa, the gas-liquid interface exhibited a high nitrogen concentration, yet Na volatilization persisted due to the low total pressure. Nonetheless, the crystals still demonstrated epitaxial growth. Introducing argon elevated the total pressure while reducing the nitrogen concentration, thus preventing supersaturation, seed crystal dissolution, and inhibiting epitaxial growth. The simulation results aligned with the experimental findings, validating the predictive capability of our computational approach. We propose adjusting the gas ratio by increasing the nitrogen pressure in the nitrogen-argon mixture to attain a suitable nitrogen concentration at the gas-liquid interface while maintaining a specific total pressure. By employing this method, the nitrogen concentration can match that of pure nitrogen at a nitrogen pressure of 3.2 MPa. This proportional gas mixture provides the necessary nitrogen concentration for GaN growth while effectively suppressing Na volatilization.
Decolonizing standards
Authors: Noble Safiya Umoja
Published: December 2023

This paper is based upon the Miles Conrad Lecture presented by Dr. Safiya Umoja Noble at the 2023 NISO Plus conference on February 15, 2023. Through her writing, Speaking, and advocacy, Dr. Noble has drawn attention to the extensive biases and embedded racism that exist in many technologies that are used not only in scholarly research, but also increasingly in the wider community as well. This awareness has led to the beginnings of change in some areas of technology. Dr. Noble stresses that there is much work to be done do moving forward, but hopefully all those in the information community can collaborate to advance the banner of inclusivity in technological applications, particularly as it relates to information search and discovery.
Assessment of photosynthetic capacity of two blackberry cultivars subjected to salt stress by the JIP fluorescence test
Authors: Mihaljević Ines , Vuletić Marija Viljevac , Tomaš Vesna , Zdunić Zvonimir , Vuković Dominik , Dugalić Krunoslav
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Salt stress has recently emerged as one of the most significant abiotic stresses with negative impact on crop production. Photosynthesis is a vital biochemical process in plants, very sensitive to environmental constraints, including salt stress. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of salt stress on photosystem II in the leaves of blackberry cultivars (Rubus fructicosus L.). METHODS: Two blackberry cultivars (Thornfree and Boysen) were exposed to salt stress (20, 40, and 60 mM NaCl) for 28 days in in vitro culture. The photosynthetic activity was evaluated by probing chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) and photosynthetic pigments. RESULTS: The maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), performance indexes (PIABS and PItotal), and photosynthetic driving force (DFABS) were greatly affected by salt stress in the leaves of Boysen cultivar. Lower photosynthetic efficiency was confirmed by the increased values of absorption flux per RC (ABS/RC), trapping flux per PSII RC (TR0/RC), dissipation flux per RC (DI0/RC), decreased values of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, disruption in the interaction between the light-harvesting complex and the core proteins of PSII, as well as disruption of the oxygen-evolving complex. CONCLUSIONS: The provided informations suggest that the photosynthetic apparatus of Thornfree cultivar was found to be more tolerant to salt stress compared to Boysen.
Exploring the correlation between drug formulation and radio frequency performance in RFID-enabled pharmaceutical products
Authors: Claucherty Ethan , Cummins Danielle , Aliakbarian Bahar
Published: December 2023

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a burgeoning technology pivotal for optimizing intricate supply chains. Although its potential benefits in healthcare and pharmaceuticals are substantial, RFID implementation in these sectors has been slow-moving. Surprisingly, limited research has probed RFID performance on pharmaceutical products and their packaging. This study aims to explore the influence of diverse liquid drug formulations on RFID performance, utilizing a pre-optimized Ultra High Frequency (UHF) RFID tag. Five distinct drug formulations, encompassing water, saline, and lipids, were studied, alongside deionized (DI) water and empty vials as control subjects. The products were transferred to separate vials, each affixed with a pre-optimized UHF RFID tag. Performance evaluations, including Threshold Sweep, Orientation Sweep, and Population Analysis, were conducted to assess tag readability, focusing on sensitivity, backscatter, and theoretical read range. The results underscore how the composition of different pharmaceutical drug formulations significantly impact RFID tag readability in a controlled, reflection-free environment. These findings provide valuable insights for designing intelligent packaging to enhance the readability of RFID-tagged pharmaceutical products.
Hunger and adaptation practices of the Kazakh village
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Smagulova S. , Sailaubay Ye. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Maslov Kh. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: December 2023

The famine of 1931-1933 caused incalculable damage to the people of Kazakhstan. The horrors of famine that engulfed the republic shocked the whole country. The population affected by hunger fled the country, seeking refuge in other countries. In many villages, only the remains of people who died of starvation remained without burial. This famine had a negative impact on the demography of Kazakhstan. The history of famine is not only statistical indicators of mortality, behind the terrible figures are human destinies. The authors sought to show the transformation of the Kazakh village and the family-hierarchical relations of the period of the Kazakh catastrophe. The article explains the consequences of the famine that occurred in Kazakhstan from 1931 to 1933, the social situation of Kazakh villages and government measures to curb hunger. The actions of the national intelligentsia and citizens against hunger are highlighted. Documents on the history of famine reveal unique pages of adaptation practices of the Kazakh clan, Kazakh family, Kazakh village, conditioned by affective social consciousness. The authors analyzed the behavioral reactions of the population in an extreme situation. The authors attributed to them the search for alternative food sources, antisocial and destructive phenomena of individual behavior, hungry aggression. Uncharacteristic asocial forms of behavior of the Kazakh family were revealed, such as abandonment of children and the elderly, the breakdown of family ties, cannibalism, necrophagia. Family and ancestral memory has preserved a traumatic experience, a story about hunger.
Socio-economic situation in Kazakhstan in the 1990s - early 2000s (using the example of regions of northern Kazakhstan)
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Abdykulova G.
Published: December 2023

In the history of independent Kazakhstan, the first decade was a difficult period. The country carried out economic reforms aimed at creating a new development model. The transition period was accompanied by large-scale crisis. In the northern region of Kazakhstan, gnation in economic development was reflected in a decrease in agricultural and industrial production. The reforms carried out had negative consequences for the social life. Unemployment and fall of living standards have become the main indicators of the socio-economic situation. The government’s attempts to re-establish economy did not show positive results. To provide social support of the population various measures were taken. The population was actively involved in new areas of labor activity. The emergence of women entrepreneurship was a new phenomenon of that time. The entire period of the socio-economic situation in northern Kazakhstan was difficult. The socio-economic history of northern Kazakhstan is an integral part of the history of modern Kazakhstan. Works on local context are rare and the proposed work is one of the first studies in this direction. Information about that important period in the life of the country can be obtained from collections of statistical data, census materials and reports on the socio-economic development of the country. These archival materials are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
Aspiration for truth as a driving force to live and write: lifestory and memories of Gulnar Dulatova (1915-2013) – daughter of Myrzhakyp Dulatov
Authors:   Kazakh National Pedagogical University named after Abai, Assanova D.
Published: December 2023

This paper examines the memoirs of Gulnar Dulatova, a member of the family of “the enemy of the people”, and discusses her aging processes as well as other female family members of the repressed through their memoirs. Typologically and chronologically, the analyzed women were divided into two different time phases: spouses born in the early 1900s – aged in the 1960s and children born in the 1920s – aged in the 1980s. Starting from her 60s until she turned 95, Gulnar Dulatova dedicated herself to the revival of her repressed father’s heritage doing research, writing memoiristic books, articles, and giving interviews. This paper presents the first effort to trace the background origins of the motivation behind her aspiration to write. This paper provides an analysis of how aging members of repressed families struggled with the consequences of repression and how their memoirs operated despite forced silencing and personal traumas. It was identified that justice and the desire to commemorate motivated and inspired Gulnar Dulatova and others. These books, articles were written as a tribute to the victims of political repressions and were percieved by them as a duty they were obliged to fulfill. Political repressions were traumatizing not only for the first, but for the second generation of those repressed as well. The fight with the traumas is continuing in some cases in third and even fourth generations of victims of political repressions indicating that the Stalin’s repressiveness still triggers them today.
Archaeology of the Usuns: the results of the study and problematic issues
Authors:   H. Margulan Institute of Archaeology, Ganieva A. , Aitbayeva A. ,   H. Margulan Institute of Archaeology, Manapova A. ,   H. Margulan Institute of Archaeology
Published: December 2023

The article considers the history of archeological studies of the culture of ancient Usuns (II century BC - IV century AD), inhabiting Zhetysu. Since the end of the 19th century, research on early Iron Age archeology has been actively carried out in the region. The main objects of this era are represented by monuments of the Sakа-Usun time. The main objects of this era are represented by monuments of the Saka- Usun time. Particular attention is paid to the work of scientists based on the interpretation of the features of the economy, ethnocultural interrelationships, the history of the formation of statehood, problems of chronology, archaeological materials that are the main sources of reconstruction of the traditions of house building. The main attention was paid to the scientific conclusions of A. N. Bernstam, K. A. Akishev, K. M. Baypakov and a number of other scientists. Continuity in the development of the culture of the nomads of and Tien Shan for a thousand years until the end of the IV-early V century indicates ethnogenetic connections in the Sako-Usun period among the main part of the population. The analysis of the materials indicates that the Usun tribes developed on a local basis and were closely related to the Saka culture. The theoretical works devoted to the history of the Usuns set the tasks of studying the economy, ethno-cultural development and religious beliefs of the ancient people. At the same time, research in recent decades has expanded the boundaries of the spread of the Usun tribes to the eastern limits of Kazakhstan. The analysis contributes to the further progression of source studies and historiographical studies formed in domestic historiography.
Protocols of extra-judicial instances as a source for the study of mass operations of 1937-1938 in the Kazakh SSR
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Zhanbosinova A. , Potapova N. ,   Institute of History SB RAS, Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management
Published: December 2023

This article characterizes such a massive source for the study of the Great Terror as an extrajudicial decision. During the period 1937–1938. The NKVD authorities carried out repression in three main areas, which included the “kulak” operation, a series of “national” punitive actions, as well as prosecutions against violators of the passport regime, criminal and declassed elements. Endowed with extrajudicial powers, the security officers independently sentenced those arrested to various penalties, including the death penalty. Extrajudicial bodies (“kulak”, police, Special troika, Special meeting under the NKVD of the USSR, Commission of the NKVD and the Prosecutor of the USSR), created to pronounce and approve sentences, recorded their repressive decisions. Until now, access to these types of sources is difficult, but they contain rich material for the study of mass operations. The researchers of this article managed to collect decisions of extrajudicial instances in the Kazakh SSR, deposited in Russian and Kazakh archives. Using their example, a description is given of each type of extrajudicial protocols that functioned during the years of the Great Terror. It is concluded that this type of sources is important material for the study of political terror, since detailed data processing allows us to draw conclusions about the scale of repression, target categories, mechanisms of implementation, both at the regional and union levels, and territorial features of persecution.
Everyday Religious Life of German Population in North Kazakhstan Region in the late 1950s
Authors:   JSC «Astana Medical University», Mazhitova Zh. , Ilyassova K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Shamshiyeva G. ,   Academy of Logistic and Transport, Shukeyeva A. ,   Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University, Yespenbetova A. ,   Kyzylorda University Bolashak, Utegenov M. ,   Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University
Published: December 2023

The article examines the everyday religious life of the German population in the late 1950s. In these years Kazakhstan became a place of virgin and fallow lands development, there was also a tightening of anti-religious policy after the XX Congress of the CPSU and the intensification of anti-religious struggle. The harsh attitude of the Soviet state towards religion did not prevent the Germans from adhering to their religious principles and national cultural values. Since their arrival in Kazakhstan the German population managed to establish strong economic communities with their own culture, ethnic identity and religious traditions. The religious everyday life of the German population is analysed based on secret memorandums of the Commissioner of the Council for Religious Affairs of the North Kazakhstan region V.P. Lyapunov, which allowed the authors to examine the variability of the everyday religious life of the German population and demonstrated the vitality of religious traditions and rituals. The authors focus on the religious practices of German communities, who made efforts to preserve their culture and identity amidst the anti-religious struggle. The conclusion is that despite the opposition of state and party organs, the proportion of believers and sympathisers of religion in this period in northern Kazakhstan was quite significant
Türk Siyasi Parti Tüzük ve Programlarında Bütünleşik Afet Yönetimi Bilinci
Authors: EVREN Murat Berk
Published: December 2023

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, toplumu oluşturan kitlelerin ideolojisini temsil eden siyasi partilerin, yasama ve yürütme erklerine aracılık ettiği, temsili demokrasi ile yürütülmektedir. Siyasi partilerin kuruluş amaç ve hedefleri, yönetim stratejileri, parti tüzük ve programları ile belirlenmektedir. Çalışmada, Türkiye’de aktif siyasi partilerin tüzük ve programları, afet yönetimi bağlamında tartışılmaktadır. Böylece, ülke yönetiminde karar vericilerin afet yönetimine yaklaşımları irdelenerek, afet politikasındaki eksiklerin saptanması amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, 2022 yılı itibariyle vilayetlerin salt çoğunluğunda örgütlenmesini tamamlayarak bir sonraki genel seçime girme hakkı kazanan, ülke siyasetinde etki ve etkinlik gösteren siyasi partilerin tüzük ve programları incelenmektedir. Çalışma yöntemini nitel içerik analizi oluşturmaktadır. Bu yönteme göre siyasi parti tüzük ve programlarında vurgulanan politika ve stratejiler arasından bütünleşik afet yönetiminin kapsamını oluşturan kavram ve temalar, bütünleşik afet yönetimin beş görev alanı; önleme-zarar azaltma-hazırlık-müdahale-iyileştirme ile ilgilerine göre sınıflandırılmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, afete dirençli toplumun oluşturulması için politika geliştirmekle sorumlu olan siyasi partilerin afet olgusuna yönelik yaklaşımları incelenmektedir. Ayrıca, siyasi partilerin sorumluluklarını hangi ölçüde yerine getirmeyi planladıkları ve bütünleşik afet yönetimi üzerine politika geliştirdikleri görev alanları saptanmaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda, medya ve iletişim aygıtlarını güçlü biçimde kullanan yeni nesil siyasi partiler ile birlikte, çağdaş toplumsal ve teknolojik dinamiklere uyum sağlayarak kendini yenileyen köklü siyasi partilerin, afet yönetiminin konuları üzerine politika geliştirdiği görülmektedir. Ancak bu politikalar, bütünleşik afet yönetiminin tüm görev alanlarını kapsayan bilinçli stratejilere dönüşmemekte, dirençli toplumun oluşturulmasına yeterli düzeyde katkı sağlamamaktadır. Bu bağlamda siyasi partilerin, afet yönetimi konusunda toplumsal tabana yayılan, tüm afet türlerini ve afetlerin döngüsel süreçlerini kapsayan, bütünleşik politikalar geliştirmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Crtitical reflective teaching practice
Authors: Luwango Luiya , Schafer Marc
Published: December 2023

This paper emphasises the aspects that teachers should critically focus on when reflecting on their teaching practices. The paper emerged from a case study that was conducted in three secondary schools in Rundu- northern Namibia. Critical reflective teaching involves thought and action, and it raises teachers' consciousness pertaining to what they do. Through critical reflective practice, teachers scrutinize their beliefs and knowledge of the subject and their practice, through purposeful thoughtfulness. The selection of the three participants was based on their rich practical professional knowledge and exemplary teaching practices as evidenced. Interviews focused on 'when, what, how and why these selected teachers reflected critically on their practice. Data collection and analysis were done through an interpretive approach. Interviews and document analyses were the two research tools used for data collection and triangulation. Interpretations of the findings were validated through member checking where participants verified the interpretations made of their interview respectively.