bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Berpikir Kritis dalam Menangani Klien di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Saragih Rini Jessica
Published: September 2019

Perawat merupakan salah satu sumber daya manusia yang paling terpenting diRumah. Yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berpikir kritis perawat dalam pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan diRumah Sakit Sakit. yang menggunakan satu stategi yang dapat mendukung pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan yang bermutu tinggi. Hasil pengkajian ini digunakan mengetahui pengaruh berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan perawat pelaksana dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan diRumah Sakit. Jenis pengkajian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan peluang 2,403 kali dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan dengan baik. Diharapkan Rumah Sakit mengembangkan riset-riset keperawatan baik nasional maupun internasional sebagai wawasan yang luas baik intelektual serta pedoman dalam mengambil keputusan diRumah Sakit serta selalu melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis untuk melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan.
ASSESS POTENTIAL FOR AGRITOURISM IN BACH DANG HAMLET, TAN UYEN TOWN, BINH DUONG PROVINCE
Authors: Ngo-Hoang Dai-Long
Published: September 2019

Agritourism has become popular in Vietnam, in which agriculture plays an important role in the economy and provides great condition for this tourism form. The development of agritourism, in turn, has benefited the agriculture, helping to enrich tourism services and improve the living conditions of local residents. This article presents a comprehensive assessment of potential for agritourism in Bach Dang hamlet, concluding that Bach Dang hamlet has valuable natural and cultural resources, and suitable policies for agritourism but lacks qualified human resource and sufficient tourism products to exploit this tourism form effectively.
PENGARUH BERPIKIR KRITIS TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PERAWAT DALAM MELAKUKAN ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PASIEN RAWAT INAP
Authors: Lubis Ade sulistya
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Menerapkan sikap berpikirr kritis berpengaruh pada Kemampuan perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien rawat inap. Berpikir kritis akan meningkatkan kemampuan seorang perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien. Tujuan : Untuk diketahuinya pengaruh berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien rawat inap. Metode : Jurnal ini menggunakan metode tersearch dan analisis dari berbagai sumber seperti buku teks, buku referensi jurnal dan e-book, dan juga di bandingkan dengan jurnal yang berhubungan dengan pengaruh berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien rawat inap. Hasil : Dari hasil pembandingan beberapa jurnal diketahui bahwa Asuhan keperawatan bermutu dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis perawat dalam melakukan proses keperawatan. Berpikir kritis dalam asuhan keperawatan memberikan jaminan keamanan dan memenuhi standar pelayanan. Kesimpulan: Perawat yang berfikir kritis lebih berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan kemampuan perawat dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan dengan baik jika dibandingkan dengan perawat yang kurang berfikir kritis.
Menerapkan Lima Model Berpikir Kritis Dalam Aktivitas Keperawatan
Authors: Sirait Frisca Lasma Rohana
Published: September 2019

Proses keperawatan adalah suatu metode yang digunakan seorang perawat untuk membantu memecahkanmasalah pasien. Berpikir adalah merupakan salah satu fungsi otak dan fungsi tersebut dapat berjalan dengan baik jika tubuh dalam keaadaan sehat dan lingkungan yang memberikan rangsangan. Berpikir kritis adalah proses yang berjalan secara berkesinambungan mencakup interaksi dari suatu rangkaian pemikiran dan persepsi yang dimana seseorang dituntut untuk menginterfensikan atau mengevaluasi suatu informasi untuk mendapatkan suatu kesimpulan. Seorang perawat dalam memberi asuhan keperawatan dituntut untuk berpikir kritis dalam berbagai situasi, memberikan gambaran kepada perawat tentang pemberian asuhan keperawatan yang komprehensif dan bermutu, Metode yang digunakan adalah menganalisis artikel yang relevan dan berfokus pada metode pembelajaran yang mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir kritis. Ada beberapa model berpikir kritis dalam keperawatan , salah satunya Lima Model Berpikir Kritis T.H.I.N.K. Segala hal yang dilakukan perawat memerlukan satu atau lebih kombinasi dari lima model berpikir kritis.
CARA BERFIKIR KRITIS PERAWAT DALAM MENGHADAPI MASALAH DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: marpaung Naomi chyntia lidia
Published: September 2019

Berfikir adalah suatu aktivitas yang berguna untuk mencari suatu ide ataupun gagasan yang bias menggunakan suatu informasi yang secara ringkas dan jelas. Berfikir juga merupakan cara atau suatu proses yang sangat berkesinambugan tentang komunikasi ataupun interaksi terhadap sesuatu dan suatu persepsi seseorang. Kadang kita perlu berfikir dengan menggunakan akal budi kita, agar hasil atau sesuatu yang akan kita kerjakan menjadi lebih baik lagi untuk kita ataupun terhadap orang lain.Seseorang yang selalu berfikir kritis adalah seseorang yang sudah mampu dalam mengambul suatu keputusan tertentu dan juga seseorang yang memiliki tingkat kepercayaan diri yang tinggi. Berfikir kritis juga sangat diperlukan bagi perawat, karena perawat yang bijak adalah perawat yang cara berfikirnya secara kritis dan itu akan mengurangi ia dalam kesalahan mengambil keputusan saat ia melakukan asuhan keperawatan di Rumah Sakit.
Peranan dan Pengaruh Berpikir Kritis dalam Peningkatan Pelayanan Keperawatan
Authors: Ginting Charine Aldina
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang: Berpikir kritis merupakan komponen utama yang harus dimiliki perawat dalam menjalankan tugas dan tanggung jawab. Perawat sebagai pemberi pelayanan kesehatan diharapkan memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis yang baik. Tujuan: Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh berpikir kritis yang dimiliki perawat sebagai bagian dari pelayanan kesehatan dalam peningkatan pelayanan keperawatan sehingga menciptakan mutu kualitas pelayanan yang baik. Metode: Kajian ini menggunakan literature review berdasarkan buku teks, buku referensi, jurnal e-book (10 tahun terakhir) dengan menganalisis, eksplorasi, dan kajian bebas.Hasil: Berdasarkan analisa dan eksplorasi didapatkan berbagai metode untuk terus mengembangkan dan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan keperawatan salah satunya adalah dengan berpikir kritis. Melalui pengalaman yang didapatkan dari rumah sakit terkait dengan pelayanan kesehatan, perawat memperoleh keterampilan berpikir kritis, berinteraksi dengan klien, dan teman sejawat serta dengan tim kesehatan lain dalam memberi asuhan keperawatan. Pembahasan: Perawat harus meningkatkan kualitas keterampilan berpikir kritis, karena dengan berpikir kritis perawat dapat mengembangkan ide, pikiran, dan kreativitasnya. Perawat harus mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis karena hal tersebut diakui sebagai bagian penting dalam praktik keperawatan.Penutup: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perawat harus mampu menerapkan komponen model pemikiran kritis pada setiap tahap proses keperawatan sebagai pemberi layanan kesehatan. Dengan menerapkan model pemikiran kritis maka diharapkan perawat dapat memberikan pelayanan keperawatan yang berkualitas.
BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM MENANGANI KLIEN DIRUMAH SAKIT
Authors: Saragih Rini Jessica
Published: September 2019

Perawat merupakan salah satu sumber daya manusia yang paling terpenting diRumah. Yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berpikir kritis perawat dalam pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan diRumah Sakit Sakit. yang menggunakan satu stategi yang dapat mendukung pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan yang bermutu tinggi. Hasil pengkajian ini digunakan mengetahui pengaruh berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan perawat pelaksana dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan diRumah Sakit. Jenis pengkajian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan peluang 2,403 kali dalam melakukan asuhan keperawatan dengan baik. Diharapkan Rumah Sakit mengembangkan riset-riset keperawatan baik nasional maupun internasional sebagai wawasan yang luas baik intelektual serta pedoman dalam mengambil keputusan diRumah Sakit serta selalu melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis untuk melaksanakan asuhan keperawatan.
BERPIKIR KRITIS? SIAPA TAKUT!
Authors: Rizal Lisa Khairani
Published: September 2019

Berpikir kritis adalah kemampuan untuk mempertahankan pendapat, menganalisis dan menyimpulkan untuk mendapatkan solusi atas suatu masalah. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana karakteristik, proses hingga pengaplikasian berpikir kritis dalam keperawatan sehingga dapat diterapkan oleh perawat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah kajian bebas sesuai dengan materi yang bersangkutan dan didapatkan dari sumber yang berkaitan dengan materi pembahasan. Berdasarkan hasil kajian bebas dari beberapa sumber terkait, berpikir kritis sangat diperlukan bagi perawat guna menjalankan aktifitas dengan maksimal dan dapat lebih menerapkan ilmu keperawatan dalam setiap kegiatan yang dilakukan.
Problem Bared Learning Diperlukannya Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Agar Meningkatkan Kebutuhan Pasien
Authors: Sitompul Jessica Alviolita
Published: September 2019

Berpikir kritis adalah masalah kesehatan yang ada dimasyarakat masih minim karena kurangnya tenaga Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dalam hal berpikir kritis mengambil suatu tindakan. Ketika ada masalah diperlukannya solusi untuk memecahkan yang menjadi permasalahan. Sebagai calon perawat yang baik dan mempunyai standar perlu adanya kemampuan yang terus berkembang diantara banyaknya masalah di masyarakat dikemudian hari terutama kesehatan. Untuk menjadi standar perlu adanya Problem Based Learning (PBL) semasa pendidikan untuk melatih berpikir kritis sejak dini serta dapat meningkatkan kebutuhan pasien dalam mengambil keputusan. Metodologi yang digunakan kajian bebas dari beberapa sumber dan hasil dari observasi. Hasil dari kajian ini adalah calon perawat menjadi terlatih sedikit demi sedikit untuk berkembang dimasyarakatdan tidak terkejut dilapangan sehingga adanya perubahan pemikiran dengan sebelumnya tidak tahu menjadi tahu dan memberikan keputusan yang lebih tepat dari proses dan aplikasi dari berpikir kritis.
CARA BERPIKIR KRITIS PERAWAT DALAM MENGHADAPI MASALAH DI RUMAH SAKIT
Authors: marpaung Naomi chyntia lidia
Published: September 2019

Berfikir adalah suatu aktivitas yang berguna untuk mencari suatu ide ataupun gagasan yang bias menggunakan suatu informasi yang secara ringkas dan jelas. Berfikir juga merupakan cara atau suatu proses yang sangat berkesinambugan tentang komunikasi ataupun interaksi terhadap sesuatu dan suatu persepsi seseorang. Kadang kita perlu berfikir dengan menggunakan akal budi kita, agar hasil atau sesuatu yang akan kita kerjakan menjadi lebih baik lagi untuk kita ataupun terhadap orang lain.Seseorang yang selalu berfikir kritis adalah seseorang yang sudah mampu dalam mengambul suatu keputusan tertentu dan juga seseorang yang memiliki tingkat kepercayaan diri yang tinggi. Berfikir kritis juga sangat diperlukan bagi perawat, karena perawat yang bijak adalah perawat yang cara berfikirnya secara kritis dan itu akan mengurangi ia dalam kesalahan mengambil keputusan saat ia melakukan asuhan keperawatan di Rumah Sakit.
Penerapan Sikap Berfikir Kritis Untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Caring Pada Pasien Penderita Kanker
Authors: ikbal riri fauzana
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Untuk menjadi seorang perawat yang professional harus menerapkan sikap caring . Terutama pada pasien kanker dan unuk meningkatkan sikap caring seorang perawat harus menerapkan sikap berfikir kritis . Berfikir kritis adalah proses kognitif yang aktif dan terorganisasi yang di gunakan untuk mengetahui seseorang dan pemikiran terhadap orang lain . Sedangkan kanker merupakan hal yang dapat merubah hidup seseorang. Oleh karena itu perawat harus meningkatkan sikap caring yang tinggi kepada pasien kanker, agar mereka merasa dipedulikan.Tujuan : Untuk meningkatkan sikap caring seorang perawat terhadap pasien penderita kanker . Metode: Metode yang di gunakan yaitu literatul review analisis , eksploirasi serta research buku tulis , buku referensi, e-book serta e-jornal, dan membandingkan antara jurnal – jurnal yang mana referensinya tersebut minimal 14 referensi dan juga dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun terkhir. Hasil: Metode ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa seorang perawat harus meningkatkan sikap caring terhadap pasien penderita kanker dengan menerapkan pola berfikir kritis. Kesimpulan : Hasil research dari berbagai sumber diambil kesimpulan bahwa sikap caring kepada pasien kanker bisa di tingkat kan dengan kita menerapkan sikap berfikir kritis, sihingga perawat dapat ,encerminkan sikap keprofesionalannya
Pengaruh Berpikir Kritis Perawat Terhadap Pasien Di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Sinaga Bintang Pangestu
Published: September 2019

LatarBelakang: Kemampuan berpikir kritis sangat diperlukan dalam pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan. Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis akan dapat mempengaruhi pasien yaitu pengambilan keputusan yang tepat.Tujuan: Kajian ini untuk mengetaui pengaruh perawat terhadap pasien dalam berpikir kritis. Metode : Dalam kajian ini ialah dengan melakukan analisis data sekunder,yauitu kajian pustaka terhadap beberapa jurnal dan buku. Hasil : Menurut jurnal yang saya telah baca yaitu Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Indonesia Vol.10,No.1,April 2017. Berpikir kritis penting dilakukan oleh perawat,sebelum mengambil keputusan dalam asuhan keperawatan. Menurut Jurnal Kesehatan Holistik ( The Journal Of Holistic Healthcare), Volume 12, No.1, Januari 2018: 21-25. Perawat yang memiliki kemampuan berfikir kritis akan memiliki sifat intelektual, berfikir terbuka, fleksibel dan berfikir analisis,rasa ingin tau,dewasa,kreatifitas dan pemikiran yang mendalam, dan akan menjadi salah satu penentu kualitas asuhan keperawatan yang akan di berikan kepada pasien.Pembahasan: Berpikir kritis penting dilakukan oleh perawat sebelum mengambil keputusan dalam asuhan keperawatan karna merupakan salah atu metode ilmiah dalam menyelesaikan masalah klien. Perawat mengidentifikasi masalah pasien dan akan memberikan solusi yang tepat.Penutup:Dengan perawat memiliki pemikiran kritis dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan terhadap pasien, maka masalah yang di hadapi pasien akan dapat terselesaikan.
Berpikir Kritis Untuk Meningkatkan Pola Kesehatan Klien
Authors: Wiratama Putri
Published: September 2019

Berpikir kritis merupakan konsep dasar berpikir yang membahas tentang komponen berpikir kritis dalam keperawatan yang didalamnya dipelajari defenisi,elemen berpikir kritis,model berpikir kritis,analisa berpikir kritis,berpikir logis dan kreatif, krakteristik berpikir kritis,pemecahan masalah dan langka-langka pemecahan masalah,proses pengambilan keputusan,fungsi berpikir kritis,model penggunaan atribut, proses intuisi,indikator, dan prinsip utama . Proses keperawatan mengandung elemen berpikir kritis yang memungkinkan perawat dalam melakukan penilaian dan melakukan tindakan berdasarkan penalaran. Perawat bertugas sebagai pemberi layanan kesehatan yaitu memberi asuhan keperawatan kepada klien melalui proses keperawatan. Dalam memberi asuhan keperawatan yang bermutu dan berkualitas tinggi perawat harus melaksanakan proses keperawatan yang tepat, agar proses keperawatan dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik perawat perlu untuk berpikir kritis.Setiap komponen dari proses keperawatan, perawat menggunakan sikap dan kemampuan berpikir kritis untuk menentukan relevansi, makna dan interelasi data pasien serta untuk memilih dan menerapkan asuhan keperawatanyang sesuai. Kualitas asuhan keperawatan didasarkan pada pemanfaatan berpikir kritis guna untuk membuat keputusan yang baik. Keputusan perawat menentukan tindakan mana yang dilakukan yang pada akhirnya mempengaruhi asuhan keperawatan dan kesehatan klien.
Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah
Authors: Afmansyah Tiara Hanifia
Published: September 2019

For an organization to thrive, it must have a good leader.  A good leader is one who has the ability to influence his/her followers, putting them at ease, helping them experience joy in their work, and bringing about positive change. There are various kinds of leadership styles today -- one of them is transformational leadership. Transformational leadership is regarded as an ideal style to be applied in an educational organization, specifically a school. It is believed that transformational leadership will help a school better development.
Elevation, an emotion for prosocial contagion, is experienced more strongly by those with greater expectations of the cooperativeness of others
Authors: Sparks Adam Maxwell , Fessler Daniel M.T. , Holbrook Colin
Published: September 2019

A unique emotion, elevation, is thought to underlie prosocial contagion, a process whereby witnessing a prosocial act leads to acting prosocially. Individuals differ in their propensity to experience elevation, and thus their proneness to prosocial contagion, but little is known about the causes of such variation. We introduce an adaptationist model wherein elevation marks immediate circumstances in which generalized prosociality is advantageous, with this evaluation of circumstances hinging in part on prior expectations of others’ prosociality. In 15 studies, we add to evidence that elevation can reliably be elicited and mediates prosocial contagion. Importantly, we confirm a novel prediction–generated by our adaptationist account–that an idealistic attitude, which indexes others’ expected degree of prosociality, moderates the relationship between exposure to prosocial cues and experiencing elevation. We discuss how our findings inform both basic theorizing in the affective sciences and translational efforts to engineer a more harmonious world, and we offer future research directions to further test and extend our model.
The Bullshitting Frequency Scale: Development and psychometric properties
Authors: Littrell Shane , Risko Evan F. , Fugelsang Jonathan Albert
Published: September 2019

Recent psychological research has identified important individual differences associated with receptivity to bullshit, which has greatly enhanced our understanding of the processes behind susceptibility to pseudo-profound or otherwise misleading information. However, the bulk of this research attention has focused on cognitive and dispositional factors related to bullshit (the product), while largely overlooking the influences behind bullshitting (the act). Here, we present results from four studies (focusing on the construction and validation of a new, reliable scale measuring the frequency with which individuals engage in two types of bullshitting (persuasive and evasive) in everyday situations. Overall, bullshitting frequency was negatively associated with sincerity, honesty, cognitive ability, open-minded cognition, and self-regard. Additionally, the Bullshitting Frequency Scale was found to reliably measure constructs that are: 1) distinct from lying, and; 2) significantly related to performance on overclaiming and social decision tasks. These results represent an important step forward by demonstrating the utility of the Bullshitting Frequency Scale as well as highlighting certain individual differences that may play important roles in the extent to which individuals engage in everyday bullshitting.
The rational use of causal inference to guide reinforcement learning strengthens with age
Authors: Cohen Alexandra O. , Nussenbaum Kate , Dorfman Hayley , Gershman Samuel J. , Hartley Catherine A.
Published: September 2019

Beliefs about the controllability of positive or negative events in the environment can shape learning throughout the lifespan. Previous research has shown that adults’ learning is modulated by beliefs about the causal structure of the environment such that they will update their value estimates to a lesser extent when the outcomes can be attributed to hidden causes. The present study examined whether external causes similarly influenced outcome attributions and learning across development. Ninety participants, ages 7 to 25 years, completed a reinforcement learning task in which they chose between two options with fixed reward probabilities. Choices were made in three distinct environments in which different hidden agents occasionally intervened to generate positive, negative, or random outcomes. Participants’ beliefs about hidden-agent intervention aligned well with the true probabilities of positive, negative, or random outcome manipulation in each of the three environments. Computational modeling of the learning data revealed that while the choices made by both adults (ages 18 - 25) and adolescents (ages 13 - 17) were best fit by Bayesian reinforcement learning models that incorporate beliefs about hidden agent intervention, those of children (ages 7 - 12) were best fit by a one learning rate model that updates value estimates based on choice outcomes alone. Together, these results suggest that while children demonstrate explicit awareness of the causal structure of the task environment they do not implicitly use beliefs about the causal structure of the environment to guide reinforcement learning in the same manner as adolescents and adults.
Stressful Life Events and Self-Control: Testing Gene x Environment Interaction with a Polygenic Approach
Authors: Willems Yayouk , Hottenga Jouke-Jan , Ligthart Lannie , WIllemsen Gonneke , Boomsma Dorret , Finkenauer Catrin , Bartels Meike
Published: September 2019

Background: Ill decisions and reckless behaviors due to low self-control are concurrently and longitudinally costly, and revealing possible factors contributing to individual differences in self-control is necessary. It is hypothesized that genetically sensitivity interacts with life stressors in the prediction of the development of low self-control (gene environment interaction), yet attempts to test this hypothesis mostly concern candidate gene studies yielding inconclusive results. The goal of this research was to bring findings from large scale gene identification studies into the developmental psychology framework, taking the polygenic nature of complex traits into account. Methods: Using data of a large population-based twin sample, we tested whether polygenic risk scores for self-control problems – based on the most recent ADHD GWAS – predict self-control problems in adults, and whether this polygenic risk scores interact with the presence of environmental stressors. Results: While polygenic scores and life stressors significantly predicted low self-control, we did not find a significant interaction effect. Conclusions: Empirically, finding statistical evidence for this hypothesis remains a challenge, and more research is needed to investigate how to better detect G x E.
The developmental origins of hoarding disorder in adolescence: a longitudinal clinical interview study following an epidemiological survey
Authors: Ivanov Volen Z , Mataix-Cols David , Serlachius Eva , Brander Gustaf , Elmquist Anders , Enander Jesper , Ruck Christian
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Hoarding disorder (HD) is hypothesized to originate in childhood/adolescence but little is known about the presentation of hoarding symptoms in youth and their natural history. In this longitudinal study, we tracked and conducted in-depth psychiatric interviews with twins who participated in an epidemiological survey and screened positive on a measure of hoarding symptoms at age 15. METHODS: Twins screening positive for clinically significant hoarding symptoms at age 15 (n=42), their co-twins (n= 33), a group of screen negative twins (n=49), and their parents underwent a clinical assessment a median of 3 years after the initial screening. The assessment included psychiatric screening, hoarding symptoms and cognitions, in-home or photographic assessment of clutter levels, parental accommodation and familial burden.RESULTS: None of the participants had significant levels of clutter at follow-up and thus did not meet strict criteria for HD. However, twins meeting partial criteria (i.e. DSM-5 criteria A and B) for HD (n=28) had more psychiatric disorders and scored significantly higher on all measures of hoarding symptoms including researcher-rated levels of clutter in their homes, compared to twins who did not meet criteria for HD (n=46).CONCLUSIONS: As currently defined in DSM-5, HD may be rare in young people. A non-negligible proportion of young people who were screen positive on hoarding symptoms at age 15 had substantial hoarding symptoms and other psychopathology at follow-up. Whether and how many of these individuals will develop full-blown HD is unknown but the results offer unique insights about the probable origins of HD.
The production of research elites. Research performance assessment in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hamann Julian
Published: September 2019

The production of research elites yields non-intended stratification effects. The contribution illustrates this by drawing on the British Research Assessment Exercise/Research Excellence Framework. Building on data from the three most recent assessments (RAE 2001, RAE 2008, REF 2014), a field and capital theoretical framework examines the unequal distribution of symbolic, social, and economic resources via panel membership, research staff, and research funding. The distribution of these resources is correlated to RAE/REF rank groups. The contribution concludes that the elite (re )produced by research performance assessments in Britain is not (solely) based on “research excellence”, but on previous allocations of symbolic, social, and economic resources.
Fraud in the 2018 Egyptian presidential election?
Authors: Ketchley Neil
Published: September 2019

This research note scrutinizes official vote counts from the 2018 Egyptian presidential election. Drawing on data for 13,807 polling stations published by the Egyptian Electoral Authority, it uses the Election Forensics Toolkit to estimate a series of digit and distribution tests. The results point to statistical anomalies in voter turnout for polling stations located in Egypt’s major population centers. The findings align with journalistic accounts of very low turnout in those areas and demonstrate how tools from electoral forensics can be applied to the study of elections in the Middle East and North Africa.
Ranking Research: Rankings as Devices in Higher Education Governance
Authors: Hamann Julian
Published: September 2019

The paper provides a brief review of the literature on rankings in the higher education sector. It distinguishes literature on standardization effects and on stratification effects. The main section of the paper presents different rankings that are produced from the data of the Research Assessment Exercise and the Research Excellence Framework in the UK. Among them are rankings produced directly by the RAE/REF, and rankings produced by media outlets drawing on the RAE/REF data. Informed by these case examples, the closing section discusses the performativity of rankings. It looks into the different implications and effects rankings and the associated performance assessments have on higher education institutions, their personnel, and the personnel's practices.
The making of professors. Assessment and recognition in academic recruitment
Authors: Hamann Julian
Published: September 2019

How do academics become professors? This paper considers the making of ‘professor’ as a subject position through which academics are acknowledged in both organizational contexts and disciplinary fields. The paper examines social processes of recognition in 145 appointment procedures for professorships in the discipline of history at sixteen German universities between 1950 and 1985. Based on an analysis of over 1500 documents from archived appointment records, I investigate how academics are acknowledged as professorial in appointment procedures. The procedures invoked both (1) processes of judgement, in which worth and qualities are attributed to candidates, and (2) processes of legitimation, in which said judgements are stabilized and made acceptable. Using insights from the sociology of valuation and evaluation, this paper sheds light on the fundamental processes of recognition and valorization in academia. The findings contribute to the sociology of scientific knowledge and science and technology studies, which have concentrated on academic recognition in the realm of research, but paid less attention to such recognition in organizational contexts. Complementing this literature, the paper allows for a more general understanding of ‘professor’ as a focal academic subject position.
Take Back the SAA
Authors: Bondura Valerie , Darwent Christyann , Halmhofer Stephanie , Heppner Annalisa , Killgrove Kristina , Pageau Hanna Marie , Smith Jolene Laura Updike , Supernant Kisha , Walder Heather
Published: September 2019

Summary of the goals and accomplishments of the Awesome Small Working Group of the Society for American Archaeology.
The Academic Achievement and Attainment of LGB America
Authors: Mittleman Joel
Published: September 2019

The current study provides large-scale, replicated evidence on the academic achievement and attainment of America’s lesbian, gay and bisexual population. I use a total of eight waves from two nationally representative surveys of American adults—the National Health Interview Survey (N=145,941) and the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (N=96,073)—alongside restricted-use data from the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 (N≈15,870)—the first such study to ever collect information on student sexual orientation. Across datasets and birth cohorts, gay men display a pattern of strikingly high achievement: their rates of BA attainment are not only higher than straight men’s, they are also higher than straight women’s. Gay men’s academic success is observable already by ninth grade. Compared to straight boys in the same school, gay boys perform better on a range of attitudinal, behavioral, and achievement outcomes. Sensitivity analyses suggest that this pattern is unlikely to be explained by selective disclosure of a gay identity. By contrast, lesbian women’s BA attainment has declined across birth cohorts, such that lesbian women are now broadly disadvantaged compared to straight women. Although bisexuals in recent cohorts report academic disadvantages, substantial variation in reported rates of bisexual identity across sexes, cohorts and datasets complicates the interpretation of these results.
Stress among Hospitalized Patients at Teaching Hospital, Chitwan
Authors: Lama Sumita , Ghimire Srijana
Published: September 2019

Background: Stress is defined as “the non- specific physiologic response of the body to any demand made upon it. Stress is a state produced by a change in the environment that is perceived as a challenging, threatening or damaging to a person’s dynamic balance or equilibrium. This study tries to find out the stress among the hospitalized patients.

Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study design was used to find out the stress among the hospitalized patients of Chitwan Medical Col­lege Teaching Hospital, Chitwan. Purposive sampling technique was used. Structured interview schedule was used to collect the data. The data was edited, coded and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to ana­lyze the data.

Results: Out of 84 respondents, 52.4% respondents were female. Find­ings of the study revealed that more than half of the respondents 57.1% had high stress. So this study showed that the patients had high level of stress during hospitalization. The result also showed that there was sta­tistically significant association between level of stress and sex of the respondents (p=0.002), educational status (p=0.002), place of residence (p=0.01), sufficiency of family income (0.02), previous experience of hos­pitalization (p=0.03). The major stressors identified in this study were eco­nomic stressors, stressors related to family role, disease condition. The minor causing stressors were stressors related to professional behaviors of health personnel and hospital related stressors.

Conclusions: Stress reduction activities such as counseling, warm environ­ment should be provided for the patients to enhance the quality of life by reducing stress.
Relation of Waist Hip Ratio and BMI with the Vital Capacity
Authors: Karmacharya Poonam , Shrestha Gopi Lal , Singh Surjit , Shrestha Om Kumar
Published: September 2019

Background: The body mass Index and waist hip ratio have shown to have linear relation with increase in vital capacity. The purpose of the study is to find the relation of both BMI and waist hip ratio with the vital capacity.

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, 240 stu­dents from Manipal College of medical sciences, Pokhara were enrolled. Respiratory function was assessed by stu­dent’s spirometer. The mean of three reading was noted as reading for vital capacity. Height, weight, waist and hip measurement was done. The data were used to derive BMI and the waist hip ratio. Data analysis was done with spss17. The Pearson’s correlation test was applied for correlating vi­tal capacity with the anthropometric measures considered.

Results: Out of 240 students 59% were male and 41% were female. There was no correlation between BMI and vital ca­pacity and also between Waist-hip ratio and vital capacity.

Conclusions: The study revealed that anthropometric and body compositions are not predictors of respiratory muscle strength.
Angulation and Distance of Superior Mesenteric Artery According to Body Mass Index on Patients Based on Computed Tomography Scan Study at Chitwan Medical College
Authors: Adhikari Deepak , Paudyal Sudil , Paudel Bigyan , Paudel Dipesh , Acharya Ishwor
Published: September 2019

Background: Superior mesenteric artery syndrome is a rare but vital cause of upper gastrointestinal obstruction which occurs when the third portion of the duodenum is trapped between aorta and superior mesenteric artery. The sig­nificant decrease of the angle and distance between the superior mesenteric artery and aorta is the etiology of Superior mesenteric artery syndrome.The study aimed to identify the angulations and distance of superior mesenteric artery from aorta and their correlation with body mass index in patients re­ferred for contrast enhanced computed tomography of abdomen examination in Chitwan Medical College.

Methods: The angle between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery was measured in arterial phase of the abdominal scan in the multiplanar recon­structed image in sagittal plane. The distance between the superior mesen­teric artery and aorta was measured in axial plane at the level of 3rd part of duodenum.

Results: The aortomesenteric distance was obtained to be 13.30 ± 4.75 mm and the aortomesenteric angle was obtained to be 54.7±16.91 degree for a to­tal of 210 patients. There was a positive correlation between body mass index and aortomesenteric distance (p=0.086) and significant positive correlation between body mass index and aortomesenteric angle (p=0.122). Additionally, it showed there was significant positive correlation between aortomesenteric angle and aortomesenteric distance.

Conclusions: The distance and angle between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta correlates significantly with the body mass index which indicates that the decrease in body mass index can be used as a risk factor of superior mesenteric artery syndrome.
قِشلة بنغازي. دراسة عماريّة مقارَنة
Authors: Al-Darraji Saadi
Published: September 2019

تعنى هذه الورقة بدراسة بناية عسكرية مهمة شيدت في مدينة بنغازي الليبية، وقد أشتهرت باسماء عدة الثكنة الشاهانية الكبيرة « منها )قصر البركة( نسبة للمنطقة التي بنيت فيها. ومن أسمائها غير الشائعة Moccagatta. وفي العهد الايطالي أطلق عليها اسم احد كبار قواد الجيش الجنرال موكاجاتا » ببنغازي شرع في بنائها والي برقة الحاج رشيد باشا، وذلك في نهاية عام 1889 م على أرجح الآراء. كي تكون مقراً جديداً لإقامة الحامية العسكرية الخاصة بمتصرفية بنغازي. وقد شهدت ليبيا في العصر العثماني 1911 م( بناءَ عددِ من القشل في مدنها الساحلية والصحراوية المهمة من أهمها: طرابلس، - الثاني ) 1835 ومصراته، وزليتن، ومرزق، والجبل الغربي. لإيواء الحاميات من الجند في هذه المدن. بيد أن معظم القشل الليبية أزيلت في مدد متأخرة ولم يبق منها اليوم إلا النزر اليسر ومن أهمها قشلة بنغازي موضوع البحث. وكانت من اكبر المشاريع العسكرية التي عرفتها ليبيا إبان الحكم العثماني، مصممة لإيواء آلاف من الجند وتدريبهم. وقد سعى الأتراك إلى توفير ما يحتاجه الجند من مستلزمات تعينهم على الإقامة، كما زودت بساحة تدريب واسعة ومسجد. لذلك يُعد توثيقها ودراسة تخطيطها والوقوف على طبيعة عمارتها أمرا مهما بوصفها من أكبر الابنية العسكرية في الشمال الافريقي. ولا شك أن توثيقها يسهم في حفظها من الضياع بوصفها ارث حضاري يمثل فترة تاريخية معينة، ودراسة تخطيطها بالمقارنة مع قشل أخرى انتشرت في مختلف أنحاء البلاد والأقاليم المجاورة أو البعيدة تسهم في معرفة مدى التأثير والتأثر.
"Barbershops Encouraging Black Boys to Read"
Authors: Richards Delia Robinson
Published: September 2019

This research project Involved interviewing Title I personnel in Charles County Public Schools and visiting six barbershop owners in Charles County Maryland who are a part of the Barbershop Books project. The visit to these barbershops included interviewing the owners of the barbershops as well as reviewing the books used in the project. These barbershops display a variety of books for young black boys to read while they are waiting to get their hair cut. These books are located on a small bookcase in the corner of the barbershops’ waiting area. The idea of books in the barbershops was to help improve reading skills for Black boys in elementary school. The project was purposed and funded by the Charles County Public Schools Title I Program. The literacy project began in August 2018.  Mr. Alvin Irby, who is a former kindergarten teacher in New York City, is the founder of Barbershop Books.
Performance of BIPV modules under different climatic conditions
Authors: Goncalves Juliana , Van Hooff Twan , Saelens Dirk
Published: September 2019

Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) technology has gained attention as a solution to achieve low energy buildings. However, unlike conventional PV applications, BIPVs typically operate at non-optimal orientation, imposed by the building geometry. Moreover, the building integration reduces the heat exchange to the exterior, leading to higher temperatures. This paper investigates the performance of BIPV modules in different locations by simulating a representative office room in a high-rise building having a BIPV facade. The locations considered are Riyadh (Saudi Arabia), Seville (Spain), Naples (Florida, USA), Cape Town (South Africa), and Munich (Germany). The facade is vertical and faces the equator for all locations. Results show the highest annual BIPV energy yield occurs in Seville, followed by Cape Town, Riyadh, and Naples. In terms of monthly yields, the highest values are observed in Riyadh and Seville in wintertime. Monthly yield is more uniform over the year in Munich, while important differences between summer and winter have been obtained for Riyadh. These results confirm the influence of the latitude on the BIPV yield, with equator-facing facades in high latitudes receiving up to 40 % less irradiation compared to a horizontal surface, with important reductions especially in the summer. In these locations, the use of west and east facades may be necessary to achieve a balanced profile over the year. Moreover, the highest average cell temperatures occur in Riyadh, Naples and Seville, while lowest temperatures are verified in Cape Town and Munich, which is consistent with the corresponding ambient temperatures. Finally, with lower BIPV temperatures and relatively high solar irradiation, Cape Town achieves the highest performance ratio (PR) values. Conversely, the combination of high solar irradiation and high temperatures leads to lower PR values in Riyadh and Seville
Türkiye’de Finansal Krizlerin Öncü Göstergelerle Tahmini
Authors: Ayla Dilara
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de 1994:01-2018:11 döneminde gerçekleşen finansal
krizlerin ekonomi literatüründe belirtilen finansal kriz göstergeleriyle olan
ilişkilerini irdelemek amacını taşımaktadır. Çalışmada kullanılan göstergeler;
bütçe açığının GSYİH’ya oranı, cari açığın GSYİH’ya oranı, enflasyon oranı,
faiz oranı, kapasite kullanım oranı, TCMB döviz varlıkları, döviz kuru,
ithalat, para arzı ve sanayi üretim endeksini içermektedir. Bu kapsamda teorik
altyapıya uygun olarak belirlenen kriz dönemleri ve göstergeler arasındaki
ilişkilerin ortaya konulabilmesi amacıyla Probit analizinden yararlanılmıştır.
Yapılan analizde kriz göstergelerinin finansal kriz olma olasılığı üzerindeki
etkileri yön bakımından tespit edildiği gibi söz konusu göstergelerin marjinal
etkilerinin hesaplanması ile birlikte bu değişkenlerin finansal krizlerin olma
olasılığı üzerindeki etki katsayıları da belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda
enflasyon oranı, faiz oranı ve para arzı değişkenlerinin finansal kriz olma
olasılığı üzerinde pozitif; diğer değişkenlerin ise negatif yönde etkide
bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Marjinal etki hesaplamaları ile ulaşılan sonuçlara
göre enflasyon oranı değişkeninin kriz olasılığı üzerindeki etkisinin oldukça
yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çerçevede yıllardır enflasyonla mücadele
eden Türkiye ekonomisinin sürdürülebilir bir enflasyon oranının temini için
yeni politikalar üretmesi gerektiği yorumu yapılabilecektir. Bu sebeple öncü
kriz göstergelerinin dikkate alındığı ekonomi politikalarının daha hassas bir
şekilde uygulanması ve yapısal düzenlemelere ilişkin planlara ağırlık verilmesi
önerilmektedir
Pemikiran Abed Al-Jabiri Terhadap Nalar Arab
Authors: Hafizallah Yandi
Published: September 2019

This paper aims to explain and analyze the epistemological aspects based on the thoughts of Abed al-Jabiri, especially regarding the thinking of three Arabic reasoning of al-Jabiri. The study refers to three thoughts of Arabic al-Jabiri reasoning about epistemology namely: "epistemology of Bayani", the epistemology of Irfani ", and" epistemology of Burhani". The search for the texts relating to the three epistemologies produces several findings in this study, among others: 1) Relevance between three Arabic reasoning that does not always stand alone but all three reasoning are also integrated with each other, even though Arabic reasoning is a formation from a culture; 2) The shift of reasoning culture analyzed using the socio-historical approach to the development of Arabic reasoning makes Jabiri make Arabic reasoning a "thinking structure", each of which has advantages and disadvantages; 3) The criticisms of the reasoning model conducted by Abed al-Jabiri are used to formulate methods of understanding knowledge. The three Arabic reasonings described by abed al-Jabiri rely on aspects emphasized in reason and reality, philosophy and science, and revelation texts and Nash.
Rekonstruksi Islamisasi Sains Sebagai Langkah Awal Islamisasi Ilmu
Authors: Irawan Dody
Published: September 2019

Muhammad Naquib al-Attas was the first figure who explicitly stated the project of Islamization of knowledge when a conference held in Mecca. In the concept of religion, there are at least several concepts that are contained, namely: faith (belief), Islam (obedience) and Ihsan (integration between heart and mind in good deeds) and all of this, driven by science. Reconstruction of Al-Attas's thinking originated from his concern for the narrowing of meaning to Islamic scientific terms caused by attempts at westernization, mythology, the inclusion of things that are magical and secularism. In line with its strategy of Islamization, al-Attas seems to use the approach of Islamization of science as a springboard to correct modern discipline and purify the sciences that have been contaminated by the ideology of secularism. Knowledge in al-Attas' view is something that is devolved from God to enter into the spirit, then interpreted by the forces that exist in that spirit to the birth of knowledge and forms of symbols or logical proportions or metamatise.
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Penyimpangan dalam Penafsiran Al-Quran
Authors: Adib Noblana
Published: September 2019

Mufasir menafsirkan al-Quran seharusnya bukan disesuaikan dengan kehendak mufasir, tetapi harus sesuai dengan kehendak Dzat yang memfirmankan al-Quran. Mufasir harusnya dalam menafsirkan al-Quran menggunakan prinsip kehati-hatian. Jadi kepribadian mufasir menjadi sangat dibutuhkan karena sikap subjektivitas dari si mufasir berpengaruh besar terhadap penafsiran. Kemudian Kuatnya pengaruh aliran yang mendominasi pemikiran mufasir sehingga ia senantiasa berusaha mengerahkan seluruh kemampuan dan daya pikirnya dalam menafsirkan ayat al-Quran supaya cocok dengan paham yang dianutnya.
Zikir dan Ketenangan Jiwa
Authors: Ilyas Rahmat
Published: September 2019

The human soul is the key to the success of a person in achieving his goal. Without a healthy and calm soul it would be difficult for a man to obtain and achieve his purpose in life. This dhikr is aimed at reversing the whole human character and diverting one's main attention from the beloved world to an ever-unrecognized afterlife. By often dhikr either with oral or with the heart will be obtained inner experience which is not every person experience it. With the dhikr of the hijab that is in the heart of the man who always stuck in the material will open and make a man who always and clever thankful for all the blessings, graces and gifts obtained by him, and clean the hearts of human and human souls from the turmoil of defilement and animal behavior.
Optimalisasi Peran Pemerintah dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Musa Musa
Published: September 2019

Pemberdayaan dan debat teoritisnya masih menarik untuk didiskusikan. Banyak definisi dan implementasi pemberdayaan yang berbeda yang dipengaruhi oleh berbagai paradigma membuat diskusi semakin berkembang. Untuk itu tulisan ini akan membahas yang terdiri dari tiga bagian, secara umum berfokus pada analisis teoritis tentang bagaimana perbedaan paradigma mendefinisikan dan mempraktikkan pemberdayaan. Bagian pertama adalah kata pengantar, menggambarkan masalah sosial dan beberapa elemen yang mempraktikkan pemberdayaan yaitu pemerintah, perusahaan, dan masyarakat madani. Bagian kedua mendiskusikan konteks sejarah di mana istilah pemberdayaan terungkap sebagai respon 'pembangunan kembali'. Ini memberi penjelasan tentang bagaimana perkembangan berhasil meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi, namun tidak memberantas kemiskinan atau menyediakan lapangan kerja dengan kecepatan yang diantisipasi, dan dalam banyak kasus, ketidaksetaraan meningkat. Pada bagian terakhir, pembahasan tentang peran pemerintah dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan penjelasan bahwa pemerintah berfungsi sebagai regulator, dinamistor, dan fasilitator yang ketiganya harus beriringan tanpa ada yang dipisahkan.
Peran Public Relations dalam Mempertahankan Reputasi Lembaga Penyiaran Sebagai Media Dakwah
Authors: Sari Kartika
Published: September 2019

Hadirnya lembaga penyiaran dakwah ditengah masyarakat tidaklah hanya berperan sebatas memberikan informasi saja tentang nilai-nilai Islam yang dikemas dengan beragam program acara, namun harapan yang ada adalah bagaimana kehadiran lembaga penyiaran dakwah dapat berimplikasi kepada refleksi perilaku umat muslim yang berperilaku Islami sesuai dengan ajaran Al qur’an dan Hadits. Pihak pengelola lembaga penyiaran harus meyakinkan posisi penting kehadiran mereka di tengah masyarakat (audiensi), yakni dengan memberikan program-program acara yang berkualitas. Tidak sampai di situ saja, hubungan yang baik dengan khalayak dari sebuah lembaga penyiaran pun harus dibina. Hal ini tidak lain agar eksistensi lembaga sebagai media penyampai pesan dakwah tetap didukung keberadaannya agar tetap bertahan di tengah maraknya persaingan. Hubungan ini dapat dibina dengan menjalin komunikasi yang efektif antara lembaga penyiaran dengan khalayak (publik) untuk menghasilkan good image, good will, mutual uderstanding, mutual appreciation, dan tolerance yang dijembatani dengan kehadiran Public Relations (PR)/Humas selaku corong informasi sebuah organisasi penyiaran. Berangkat dari hal tersebut, tulisan ini mengangkat tentang peran Public Relations dalam mempertahankan reputasi lembaga penyiaran sebagai media dakwah.