bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and Characterization of Silicon nanowire/PEDOT: PSS Hybrid Hetrojunction Photosensor
Authors: Inaya H. H. , Mahdi M. A.
Published: January 2023

Silicon nanowire (SiNW) samples arrays are prepared by the metal-assisted chemical etching method using Ag as a catalyst and different etching durations of 15, 30 and 60 min. The structural, morphological and optical properties of the prepared SiNWs are investigated. The diameter of the prepared SiNWs ranges from 20 nm to 280 nm whilst the reflectance is less than 1% in the visible region wavelengths for all prepared samples. Hybrid heterojunction photosensors based on n-SiNWs/ PEDOT: PSS are fabricated by directly spin casting SiNWs by PEDOT: PSS thin films. The photosensor fabricated based on the SiNWs prepared for 60 min of duration exhibit excellent spectral responsivity of 23.231 mA W− 1and high sensitivity of 43.948% at 0 V bias under 622 nm light. Furthermore, the sensor shows high specific detectivity reaching 0.3×1011Jones with the bias voltage of 1 V and Trice/Tfallof 20/23 ms with the bias voltage of 0.5 V.
Identification of Encrypted and Malicious Network Traffic Based on One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Zhou Yan , Shi Huiling , Zhao Yanling , Ding Wei , Han Jing , Sun Hongyang , Zhang Xianheng , Tang Chang , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2023

The rapid development of the internet has brought a significant increase in network traffic, but the efficiency of categorizing different types of network traffic has lagged behind, which has downgraded cyber security. How to identify different dimensions of network traffic data with more efficiency and accuracy remains a challenging issue. We design a convolutional neural network model HexCNN-1D that combines normalized processing and attention mechanisms. By adding the attention mechanism modules Global Attention Block (GAB) and Category Attention Block (CAB), different dimensions were introduced to classify and recognize network traffic. By extracting effective load information from hexadecimal network traffic, we designed to identify most of the network traffic, including encrypted and malicious traffic data. The experimental results show that the average accuracy is 98.8%. This method can greatly improve the recognition rate of different dimensions of network traffic data.
Investigating the Social Representations of Harmful Code
Authors: Lima Rodrigo , Souza Jairo , Fonseca Baldoino , Teixeira Leopoldo , Maiani Rafael , Ribeiro Márcio , Gheyi Rohit , Garcia Alessandro
Published: January 2023

Context. Harmful Code are code elements that harm the software. Several characteristics can cause a code be Harmful to the Software. That may result from plenty of characteristics of the source code and external issues. By example, one might associate Harmful Code with the introduction of bugs, architecture degradation, and hard comprehension. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on which are the code issues that are considered harmful from the perspective of the community of software developers. Goal. In this work, we investigate the social representations of Harmful Code among a community of software developers composed of Brazilian postgraduate students and professionals from the industry. Method. We conducted free association tasks with members from this community for characterizing what comes to their minds when they think about Harmful Code. Then, we compiled a set of associations that compose the social representations of Harmful Code. Results. We found that the investigated community strongly associates Harmful Code with a core set of undesirable characteristics of the source code, such as bugs and different types of smells. Based on these findings, we discussed each of them to try to understand why those characteristics happen. Conclusion. Our study reveals the main characteristics of Harmful Code by a community of developers, those characteristics can guide researchers on future works to better understand Harmful Code.
The clinical course and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children: A 24-week follow-up study in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
Authors: Sedik Rozhan Nabaz Mohammed
Published: January 2023

Most children infected with SARS-CoV-2 have asymptomatic or mild disease with a short clinical course and excellent outcome; meanwhile, some children experienced persisting symptoms lasting > 12 weeks from the COVID-19 diagnosis. This study aimed to define the acute clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes in children after recovery. This prospective cohort study was conducted on 105 children (aged < 16 years) with confirmed COVID-19 infection at Jamal Ahmed Rashid Teaching Hospital, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq, from July to September 2021. The symptomatic and suspicious cases of COVID-19 infection in children were confirmed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal swabs. About 85.6% of children fully recovered at ≤ 4 weeks from initial COVID-19 diagnosis, 42% were hospitalized, while 15.2% reported long COVID-19 symptoms. The most commonly reported symptoms were fatigue (7.1%), hair fall (4.0%), lack of concentration (3.0%), and abdominal pain (2.0%). Children aged 11–16 years showed a greater risk of long COVID-19 symptoms. We also observed a higher risk of post-COVID-19 symptoms in those who reported ongoing symptoms at 4–6 weeks of follow-up assessment (p = 0.01). Despite mild disease and complete recovery in most children, many suffered from post-COVID symptoms.
Microstructural development during additive manufacturing of biomedical grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy by three-dimensional binder jetting: Materials aspects and mechanical properties
Authors: Simchi Abdolreza , Petzoldt Frank , Hartwig Thomas , Hein Sebastian Boris , Barthel Bastian , Reineke Lea
Published: January 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM) of biomedical materials provides enormous opportunities to fabricate multifunctional and structurally designed frameworks for tissue engineering, such as dental implants and bone substitutes. Despite several advantages of the binder jet 3D printing technology over other AM methods, the fabrication of biomedical-grade titanium alloys with high-density, fine microstructure, and low pickup of impurities is still challenging. This work presents the effects of powder particle size and 3D printing conditions on the microstructural features and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The formation of large and inter-aggregate pores during binder jetting is demonstrated and discussed. Design and selection of particle size distribution with a mean diameter of ~20 µm and large span and positive skewness are proposed to minimize binder-induced powder aggregation and fabricate green parts with a density of 65±1 % PFD (pore-free density). Dilatometric studies under a partial pressure of argon (0.1 bar) determine that sintering just above the a/b tarsus (~1050 °C) provides a high strain rate to remove pores, but high-temperature sintering (³1250 °C) is required to attain 97 % PFD. The successful fabrication of high-density Ti-6Al-4V parts (³96 % PFD) with the microstructure comparable to metal injection molding (MIM) titanium parts (»100 µm α grains + β lattes) is demonstrated. The tensile strength and elongation fall in the range of 880±50 MPa and 6±2 %, depending on the processing condition. The content of carbon (<0.02 wt.%) and nitrogen (0.01 wt.%) also falls in the standard region of metal injection molding parts. However, oxygen pickup during sintering moderately increases the oxygen content (for 30-50 %) over the standard level. The concentration of interstitials entrapped in the metal is comparable to that of parts manufactured by the powder bed fusion process, but the mechanical properties are better matched with the commercial titanium alloy. The fabrication of the titanium alloy as per the ASTM F2885 standard provides an excellent opportunity for the binder jetting process to develop custom-made biomaterials.
Pre-excited atrial fibrillation revealed at a very delayed age: Case report
Authors: Diallo Thierno Hamidou , faraj raid , Hilal Safae , Lahraoui Myriam , Kisra Oualid , Benmessaoud Fatima-azzahra , Doghmi Nawal , Fellat Ibtissam , Cherti Mohamed
Published: January 2023

Background: Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a condition characterized by the persistence of an accessory bundle responsible for ventricular pre-excitation that can lead to symptomatic and potentially severe arrhythmias. Coexistence with atrial fibrillation is well known and not uncommon, exposing to potential degenerescence into ventricular fibrillation when atrial impulses are transmitted along the accessory pathway. WPW syndrome is most prevalent in younger patients and cases revealed after an advanced age have rarely been described in the literature.
Case presentation: Here, we report a case of atrial pre-excitation first diagnosed at the age of 72 years that required external electrical cardioversion with a favorable outcome. The diagnosis was based on clinical and electrographic findings.
Conclusions: WPW syndrome is a relatively rare cardiac disorder that can be a cause of sudden death, especially when combined with atrial fibrillation. Therefore, cardiologists have to consider this diagnosis in patients presenting clinical signs of arrhythmia with an electrical pattern of WPW.
Measuring the burden of infodemics with a research toolkit for connecting information exposure, trust, and health behaviours
Authors: Dunn Adam G. , Purnat Tina D. , Ishizumi Atsuyoshi , Nguyen Tim , Briand Sylvie
Published: January 2023

Background:During a public health emergency, accurate and useful information can be drowned out by questions, concerns, information voids, conflicting information and misinformation. Very few studies connect information exposure and trust to health behaviours, which limits available evidence to inform when and where to act to mitigate the burden of infodemics, especially in low resource settings. In this paper, we describe the need for a toolkit that can link information exposure to health behaviours at the individual level.Methods:Most data-driven infodemiology research is designed to characterise content rather than measure associations between information exposure and health behaviours. Studies also tend to be limited to specific social media platforms, are unable to capture the breadth of individual information exposure that occur online and offline, and cannot measure differences in trust by information source or content. Studies are also designed very differently, limiting synthesis of results. To meet the needs of the research community, we propose a research toolkit that can be used in studies measuring topic-specific information exposure and health behaviours, and implements a standardised protocol so results can be combined in a meta-analysis. Other desirable features of the toolkit would include the ability to tailor studies to local contexts, ease of use for participants, and frictionless sharing of de-identified data for aggregating individual participant data.Results:We demonstrate one solution: a web-based study platform that participants use to record topic-specific information exposure in a diary application and a browser plugin for tracking access to relevant webpages, supports questionnaires, and supports incentives for participation such as visual analytics to compare trust levels with other participants.Conclusions:Our proposed solution will be able to capture detailed data about information exposure and health behaviour data, standardise study design while simultaneously supporting localisation, and make it easy to synthesise individual participant data across studies. Future research will need to evaluate the toolkit in realistic scenarios to understand the usability of the toolkit for both participants and investigators.
Optofluidic transport and particle trapping using an all-dielectric quasi-BIC metasurface
Authors: Ndukaife Justus , Yang Sen
Published: January 2023

Manipulating fluids by light at the nanoscale has been a long-sought-after goal for lab-on-a-chip applications. Plasmonic heating has been demonstrated to control microfluidic dynamics due to the enhanced and confined light absorption from the intrinsic losses of metals. Dielectrics, the counterpart of metals, has been used to avoid undesired thermal effects due to its negligible light absorption. Here, we report an innovative optofluidic system that leverages a quasi-BIC-driven all-dielectric metasurface to achieve nanoscale control of temperature and fluid motion. Our experiments show that suspended particles down to 200 nanometers can be rapidly aggregated to the center of the illuminated metasurface with a velocity of tens of micrometers per second, and up to millimeter-scale particle transport is demonstrated. The strong electromagnetic field enhancement of the quasi-BIC resonance increases the flow velocity up to three times compared with the off-resonant situation. We also experimentally investigate the dynamics of particle aggregation with respect to laser wavelength and power. A physical model is presented and simulated to elucidate the phenomena and surfactants are added to the nanoparticle colloid to validate the model. Our study demonstrates the application of the recently emerged all-dielectric thermonanophotonics in dealing with functional liquids and opens new frontiers in harnessing non-plasmonic nanophotonics to manipulate microfluidic dynamics. Moreover, the synergistic effects of optofluidics and high-Q all-dielectric nanostructures hold enormous potential in high-sensitivity biosensing applications.
Centrality measures to locate the COI of the Mexican electricity grid
Authors: Ramirez Juan M.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, centrality measures are used to identify those nodes in the Mexican electricity network that are topologically the most relevant. These are used to locate frequency meters that act as critical points for frequency control. Results are presented for an equivalent network of 190 busbars divided into geographical control regions.
Morphology of the greater palatine foramen: a clinical point of view
Authors: Radošević Dragana , Erić Mirela , Marić Dušica , Vučinić Nikola , Knezi Nikola , Pupovac Nikolina , Ilić Aleksa
Published: January 2023

Purpose Anatomical characteristics of the greater palatine foramen (GPF) have an important role during the greater palatine nerve block application in order to anesthetize maxillary teeth, gums, midface, and nasal cavities. Position of GPF is usually described in relation to adjacent anatomical structures. The aim of this investigation is to examine the morphometric relationships of GPF and closely determine its position.
Methods The study included 87 skulls (174 foramina). They were photographed in a horizontal position with bases facing up. The digital data were processed in the ImageJ 1.53n software.
Results The average distance of the GPF from the median palatine suture was 15.94 mm. In relation to the posterior border of the bony palate, the distance was 2.05 mm. Statistical significance was found in the comparison of the angle between the GPF, incisive fossa, and the median palatine suture between the sides of the skulls (p=0.02). The comparison of tested parameters between males and females showed significant differences in GPF – MPS (p=0.003) and GPF – pb (p=0.012) with lower values in females. The largest percentage of skulls (77.01%) had the GPF located at the level of the third molar. The largest number of bony palates had one lesser opening (60.91%) located on the left side.
Conclusion GPF is located at the level of the maxillary third molar in most of the examined palates. Knowledge of the anatomical position of the greater palatine foramen and its variations is the basis for the successful implementation of anesthesia and various surgical interventions.
Significant Step Towards Efficient Electrical Discharge Machining Titanium Alloys
Authors: Zhou Ming , Hu Tianshang , Mu Xin , Zhao Meng , Yang Jianwei , Ye Qing , Xu Pei , Yang Lei , Xin Fangqing
Published: January 2023

There have been high demands of high-quality, highly efficient processing methodologies on "difficult-to-cut" titanium alloys. The current methods for dealing with this kind of materials are mainly mechanical cutting ones. However, because of high processing costs, poor surface qualities, and restrictive machining operations, the costs of mechanical cutting methods are high. Electrical discharge machining (EDM), because of its flexibility, was considered as a supplement. However, serious difficulties arose while machining titanium alloys by EDM. Because of low thermo-conductivity of titanium alloys, the liquid temperature in gap between electrode and workpiece rose quickly after a series of pulse discharges. The high temperature of gap liquid usually led to gap liquid break-down strength to decline. The consequence was discharging pulses tended out to be stable arc pulses or short pulses, burning workpiece surface and wearing electrode. The machining process became unstable. The low thermal conductivity of titanium alloys was the inherent property which could be hardly changed, and at present only way to settle the hard-to-cut problem of machining titanium alloys by EDM was to seek a way to keep gap liquid break-down strength not go down so fast but still be suitable for effective pulse discharges. To solve this problem, this paper first listed three conditions to be met and analyzed the reasons to affect gap liquid break-down strength in detail and concluded with three factors, gap distance, amount of chips left in gap, and gap liquid deionization after pulse discharges. Then came up with a proposition to the problem. Technically, the proposition was accomplished by constructing a multiple-variable adaptive control system in which gap servo-voltage proportional to gap distance was in charge of discharging extent of pulses, electrode-discharging time decided the amount of chips produced in an electrode discharging cycle, and pulse-off time decided gap liquid deionization after discharges. These variables were timely regulated to keep the liquid break-down strength suitable for discharging and meanwhile avoiding arcing in machining. The verification test demonstrated that the multi-variable control system really helped electrical discharge machining titanium alloys in severe machining situations and proved its usefulness in applications.
Who drops off web-based travel surveys? Investigating the implications of respondents dropping out of travel diaries during online travel surveys
Authors: Wang Kaili , Liu Yicong , Hossain Sanjana , Habib Khandker Nurul
Published: January 2023

Household travel surveys collect core datasets for modelling passenger travel demand. However, decline in survey completion rate is becoming a concern in recent years. One major cause is the transition from computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATI) to computer-assisted web interviews (CAWI) surveys, where respondents need to self-complete the surveys without any active help from an interviewer. Among all components, the travel diaries are the most challenging part of CAWI travel surveys and suffer significant dropouts of participation. Therefore, an investigation is necessary to understand the implications of such participation dropouts in CAWI-based household travel surveys on travel survey data quality. This study reports two travel diary designs developed to ease response burdens in travel surveys. Empirical investigations are conducted to understand survey participation drop-off behaviour while filling out travel diaries. In proxy household travel surveys, diary designs with stable repetitions outperform sophisticated diary designs. In a survey deployed with supposedly advanced diary designs, respondents with higher travel demand are more likely to drop out. Estimated using a generalizable analysis framework proposed by this study, the travel demand reflected in the final dataset collected using the sophisticated travel diary design might be underestimated by 10.2%. This study also proposes strategies and recommendations for future travel surveys.
Molecular identification of Culicoides species and host preference blood meal in the African horse sickness outbreak-affected area in Hua Hin district, Prachuap Khiri Khan province, Thailand
Authors: Kamyingkird Ketsarin , Choocherd Suchada , Chimnoi Wissanuwat , Klinkeaw Nutsuda , Kengradonkij Chanya , Phoosangwalthong Pornkamol , Thammasonthijarern Nipa , Pattanatanang Khampee , Inpankeaw Tawin , Phasuk Jumnongjit , Nimsuphan Burin
Published: January 2023

African horse sickness (AHS) was reported as an outbreak in Thailand in 2020. Hematophagous arthropods, known as Culicoides, are the suspected vector responsible for AHS transmission. Horses in Hua Hin district, Prachuab Khiri Khan province, Thailand, were affected and died from AHS in 2020. However, the potential Culicoides species and its host preference blood meal in the affected areas are unknown. To investigate the potential transmitted vectors of AHS, Culicoides were collected using light traps placed near horse stables. Six horse farms including five farms with AHS history and one farm without AHS history were included in this study. Morphological and molecular identification of Culicoides species was performed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting cytochrome b oxidase I (COXI) gene for confirmation of Culicoides species, identification of prepronociceptin (PNOC) gene for host preference blood meal, and bidirectional sequencing were conducted. Consequently, 1,008 female Culicoides were collected with 708 and 300 female Culicoides captured at positions A and B at a distance of < 2 and > 5 m from the horse, respectively. Fourteen Culicoides species identified by morphology were noted, including Culicoides oxystoma (71.92%), Culicoides imicola (20.44%), Culicoides actoni (2.28%), Culicoides flavipunctatus (1.98%), Culicoides asiana (0.99%), Culicoides peregrinus (0.60%), Culicoides huffi (0.60%), Culicoides brevitarsis (0.40%), Culicoides innoxius (0.30%), Culicoides histrio (0.30%), Culicoides minimus (0.10%), and Culicoides geminus (0.10%). PCR detection of the Culicoides COXI gene has confirmed Culicoides species in 24 of 26 DNA samples. PCR targeting PNOC gene revealed that the Culicoides collected in this study have consumed Equus caballus (86.25%), Canis lupus familiaris (6.25%), Sus scrofa (3.75%), and Homo sapiens (3.75%) for their blood meal. Human blood was identified from two samples of C. oxystoma and a sample of C. imicola. Three dominant species including C. oxystoma, C. actoni, and C. imicola were reported in the Hua Hin area to prefer consuming horse blood. Moreover, C. oxystoma, C. imicola, and C. bravatarsis have consumed canine blood. This study revealed the species of Culicoides, the potential vector that has possibly transmitted AHS in Hua Hin district, Thailand during the outbreak.
Long droughts decrease Caraboidea beta diversity and community body size in savannas of the Gorongosa National Park (Mozambique)
Authors: Silva Pedro Martins da , Carvalho Rui , Boieiro Mário , Sousa José Paulo , Serrano Artur R.M.
Published: January 2023

In the aftermath of the 2019’ tropical cyclones Idai and Kenneth, we assessed the Caraboidea communities of Gorongosa National Park (GNP) in Mozambique. Influence of the wet season, after a long period of drought, was evaluated on alpha and beta diversity of Caraboidea in the main habitat types of the park: miombo forests, mixed forests, transitional forests, and grasslands (open savannas). Caraboid communities were sampled by pitfall traps set up in 25 sites of each habitat type along three sampling periods, comprising the transition of dry season to the wet season. After the first rainfall, an increase in alpha diversity was observed across GNP habitats, particularly in grasslands. Higher values of beta diversity were observed between the dry and wet seasons, particularly in grasslands. In contrast, dissimilarities in caraboid communities between seasons were not significant in the transitional forests. A higher proportion of xerophilous species, with smaller body size and higher dispersal ability (winged species) was found in grasslands whereas bigger sized and more moisture-dependent caraboid species were found in forested habitats, particularly mixed forests. Community body size in grasslands increased after the rainfall, partly due to the occurrence of caraboid species that were exclusive of forest habitats during drought. Transitional forests, as ecotone habitat areas, appeared to support grassland species during drought, serving also as a source of forests species that may colonize the open areas in the wet season. Hygrophilous forest species will probably be more threatened by climate aridification and future landscape changes due to climate change.
Ketamine ameliorates activity-based anorexia of adolescent female mice through changes in the prevalence of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors at excitatory synapses that are in opposite directions for of pyramidal neurons versus GABA interneurons in medial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Li Jennifer , Chen Yi-Wen , Aoki Chiye
Published: January 2023

(250 word limit) A previous study showed that a single sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine (30 mg/kg-KET, IP) has an immediate and long-lasting (>20 days) effect of reducing maladaptive behaviors associated with activity-based anorexia (ABA) among adolescent female mice. This study sought to determine whether synaptic plasticity involving NR2B-containing NMDA receptors (NR2B) at excitatory synapses in the prelimbic region of medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) contributes to this ameliorative effect. To this end, quantitative electron microscopic analyses of NR2B-subunit immunoreactivity at excitatory synapses of pyramidal neurons (PN) and GABAergic interneurons (GABA-IN) were conducted upon layer 1 of mPFC of the above-described mice that received a single efficacious 30 mg/kg-KET (N=8) versus an inefficacious 3 mg/kg-KET (N=8) dose during the food-restricted day of the first ABA induction (ABA1). Brain tissue was collected after these animals underwent recovery from ABA1, then of recovery from a second ABA induction (ABA2), 22 days after the ketamine injection. For all three parameters used to quantify ABA resilience (increased food consumption, reduced wheel running, body weight gain), 30 mg/kg-KET evoked synaptic plasticity in opposite directions for PN and GABA-IN, with changes at excitatory synapses on GABA-IN dominating the adaptive behaviors more than on PN. The synaptic changes were in directions consistent with changes in the excitatory outflow from mPFC that weaken food consumption-suppression, strengthen wheel running suppression and enhance food consumption. We hypothesize that 30 mg/kg-KET promotes these long-lasting changes in the excitatory outflow from mPFC after acutely blocking the hunger and wheel-access activated synaptic circuits underlying maladaptive behaviors during ABA.
RINGO: A RINEX pre-processing software for multi-GNSS data
Authors: Kawamoto Satoshi , Takamatsu Naofumi , Abe Satoshi
Published: January 2023

We have developed a new multi-GNSS data pre-processing software “RINGO” that provides various features including editing, quality checking, clock jump correction, higher order ionosphere correction, conversion of BINEX and RTCM files, and an interactive viewer for RINEX files. The recent increase in number of GNSS satellites has made GNSS data more complex; however, the software available to pre-process them is very limited. RINGO is a command line tool capable of handling multi-GNSS data including GPS, QZSS, GLONASS, Galileo, and other systems in RINEX 2.xx, 3.xx, and 4.00 formats, which allows users to easily manage the multi-GNSS data observed at continuously operating reference stations. We present algorithms and applications for each RINGO feature. The results of the quality check feature were compared with results estimated by other existing software packages. Our results agreed well with those of the TEQC software. With RINGO, users can easily pre-process multi-GNSS data without combining multiple tools, and the software will contribute to the popularization of the latest RINEX format.
Seroconversion for asymptomatic Arbovirus, Campylobacter, and Hepatitis E Infections in German Travelers to Asia
Authors: Dammermann Werner , Haller Isabel-Elena , Singethan Katrin , Pischke Sven , Vinnemeyer Christof , Lüth Stefan , Hentschel Florian
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Transmission of infectious diseases through international travel is increasing, especially in travelers from developed to developing countries. Still, actual incidence of typical travel diseases is not known, especially if we take into account asymptomatic as well as symptomatic infections.
Methods
In this study, we took medical history and analyzed blood samples of 81 individuals from Germany before and after traveling to regions endemic for Vector-Borne diseases (VBD) and Food- and Water Borne Diseases (FWD). Additionally, we tested for two infections unrelated to travel. Blood was drawn before and after travelling to South and Southeast Asia. IgG, IgM, and if possible IgA antibody titers were measured using ELISA kits for Dengue virus (DENV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Hepatitis E virus (HEV), Camphylobacter jejuni (C.jejuni), and for Cytomegalovirus and Helicobacter pylori.
Results
No symptoms were reported. Still, we found one anti-ZIKV and two anti-DENV IgG seroconversions. For CHIKV, we found three individuals who were IgG-positive before travel and negative afterwards. Regarding FWD, we found five IgG seroconversions for C.jejuni and zero for HEV. We also found one IgG seroconversion for CMV, and zero for H.pylori. Calculated incidences were between zero and 1.2% for VBDs and between zero and 6.5% for FWDs.
Conclusion
Serological analyses pre and post traveling are a useful tool to detect asymptomatic travel diseases, and to objectively determine the risk of infection in endemic areas. This, even though the results for CHIKV may hint to a low selectivity of the test kits we used.
Evaluation of Endosseous Canals in the Anterior Mandible by using CBCT: An uncommon case of a quintuple lingual canal
Authors: BULUT Ayşe , ESET Ahu Eser , TUNCAY Nazime , CİLASUN Ülkem , BULUT Ömer Engin
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The aim of this article was to evaluate the regional frequency, location, and diameter of lingual foramen in the anterior mandible using a retrospective analysis of clinically obtained cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.
Methods: Two hundred thirty-four regions based on CBCT, of the anterior mandible of 76 patients (41 female and 35 male) were examined retrospectively for the presence of endosseous bony canals. The lingual foramen was examined for the measurements of the maximum diameter of the artery and the diameter of the lingual foramen. We measured the distance between the lingual foramen and the alveolar ridge, the tooth apex, the mandibular border, and the mental foramen. Data were analysed using ANOVA and independent sample t-tests.
Results: The range of the diameters of the lingual artery varied from 0.3 to 1.67 mm. Most lingual foramina (47.62%) were found in the midline region. The quintuple canal was observed on CBCT scans. The highest measurement of the diameter of the artery (p< .01), the longest distance between lingual foramen (p< .05) and alveolar ridge, and the nearest distance between lingual and mental foramen (p< .01) were found at the right side.
Conclusion: The findings related to the presence, diameter, and prevalence of vascular canals, revealed significant results for oral surgery, and should not be ignored when planning any operation in the anterior mandible. We present an uncommon case with a quintuple lingual canal. In order to prevent life-threatening bleeding, it is imperative to detect these vessels with CBCT before mandibular surgery.
Acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy: clinical characteristic analysis and review of literature
Authors: Zheng Xue-Qing , Zhou Xiang , Yao Yong , Deng Kan , You Hui , Duan Lian , Zhu Huijuan
Published: January 2023

Purpose To retrospectively summarize the clinical features of acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy and analyze the prognostic factors to guide early identification and timely treatment of such patients.
Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out to summarize the clinical manifestations, hormone changes, imaging, treatment and follow-up of 10 patients with acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy admitted to our hospital from February 2013 to September 2021.
Results The mean age of the 10 patients (5 males and 5 females) at the time of pituitary apoplexy was 37.1 ±13.4 years old. There were 9 cases with sudden severe headache and 5 cases with visual impairment. All patients had pituitary macroadenomas, of which 6 cases with Knosp grade ≥ 3. The level of GH/IGF-1 hormone after pituitary apoplexy was lower compared with pre-apoplexy, and 1 patient reached biochemical remission spontaneously. 7 patients underwent transsphenoidal pituitary surgery after apoplexy and 1 patient was treated with long-acting somatostatin analog. The biochemical remission rate was 37.5% in 8 patients immediately after treatment and 50% at the last follow-up. Patients with Knosp grade ≥ 3 were less likely to achieve biochemical remission than those with Knosp grade < 3 (16.7% vs. 100%, p=0.048), and patients who achieved biochemical remission had a smaller maximum tumor diameter [20.1（20.1,28.0）mm vs. 44.0（44.0,60）mm，p=0.016].
Conclusion Acromegaly complicated with fulminant pituitary apoplexy remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
Attrition of Indigenous nursing students due to the cultural shock they face in the clinical educational program
Authors: Mphuthi David
Published: January 2023

Background:The number of student nurses leaving the training in the first year is increasing, and one of the reasons could be the fear of facing reality like death and dying. This study aimed to explore first-year African indigenous student nurses' experiences with death and a patient dying in the clinical area.Method:Qualitative research method was employed, and data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Data were collected from African indigenous student nurses during their first year of study. Thematic analysis of the responses provided by nine participants revealed four themes and nine sub-themes. Themes included knowledge, emotional trauma, low self-esteem, and nutritional disorder.Results:Results revealed lack of experience, emotional trauma, low self-esteem, and nutritional disorder as the main effects among these nurses. Negative attitudes of clinical professionals, shortage of staff, and congested block programs were identified as some courses of attrition.Conclusions:Findings suggest the need to review the curriculum for first-year student nurses. In addition, professional clinical nurses who serve as preceptors are trained as mentors of these student nurses. Students felt overwhelmed by this experience which can be attributed to indigenous belief systems about death and dying. Most of these nurses come to nursing without seeing a dead or dying person because they believe that the evil spirit surrounds a dead person until they have reached a certain age.
A protocol for the formative evaluation of the implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in child and adolescent mental health services as part of a learning health system
Authors: McCabe Erin , Dyson Michele , McNeil Deborah , Hindmarch Whitney , Ortega Iliana , Arnold Paul D , Dimitropoulos Gina , Clements Ryan , Santana Maria J , Zwicker Jennifer D
Published: January 2023

Background: Mental health conditions affect one in seven young people and research suggests that current mental health services are not meeting the needs of most children and youth. Learning health systems are an approach to enhancing through rapid, routinized cycles of continuous learning and improvement. Patient-reported outcome measures provide a key data source for learning health systems. They have also been shown to improve outcomes for patients when integrated into routine clinical care. However, implementing these measures into health systems is a challenging process. This paper describes a protocol for a formative evaluation of the implementation of patient-reported measures in a newly operational child and adolescent mental health centre in Calgary, Canada. The purpose is to optimize the collection and use of patient-reported outcome measures. Our specific objectives are to assess the implementation progress, identify barriers and facilitators to implementation, and explore patient, caregivers and clinician experiences of using these measures in routine clinical care.
Methods: This study is a mixed-methods, formative evaluation using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Participants include patients and caregivers who have used the centre’s services, as well as leadership, clinical and support staff at the centre. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews will be conducted to assess barriers and facilitators to the implementation and sustainability of the use of patient-reported outcome measures, as well as individuals’ experiences with using these measures within clinical care. The data generated by the patient-reported measures over the first five months of the centre’s operation will be analyzed to understand implementation progress, as well as validity of the chosen measures for the centres’ population.
Discussion: The findings of this evaluation will help to identify and address the factors that are affecting the successful implementation of patient-reported measures at the centre. They will inform the co-design of strategies to improve implementation with key stakeholders, which include patients, clinical staff, and leadership at the centre. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in child and adolescent mental health services and our findings can be used to enhance future implementation efforts in similar settings.
Characterization of bacteria with plant growth promotion and antagonistic activity associated to rhizosphere and phyllosphere of Platanus mexicana and Persea shiedeana trees natural hosts of ambrosial beetle
Authors: Ferrera-Rodriguez Ofelia , Alarcón-González Brian Arturo , Caballero-Reyes Gerardo Emmanuel , Hernández-Melchor Dulce , Alarcón Alejandro , Ferrera-Cerrato Ronald , Ortiz-Castro Randy
Published: January 2023

It is well established that bacteria belonging to microbiota of plants, contribute to the better development of their hosts by different mechanisms, such as, growth promotion, nutrient facilitation, stimulation of plant defenses, antagonizing pathogens or pest, and some of them are also, some microorganisms show enzymatic activities with biotechnological application in the agricultural and industrial sector. In the present study we identified and characterized fourteen bacterial strains isolated from the rhizosphere and phyllosphere of Platanus mexicana and Persea schiedeana trees; the aim of this research was to evaluate bacterial biological activities over plant growth promotion on Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and antagonistic activity over phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sp., besides studying their lytic ability when confronted with cellulose, pectin, or chitin as carbon sources. Such strains were classified into Curtobacterium, Plantibacter, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Carnobacterium, Staphylococcus, Erwinia, Serratia, Exiguobacterium and Yersinia genera. Every single strain revealed at least one of the evaluated characteristics. Yersinia sp. strain PsH3-014(14D) and Bacillus sp. strain Hay2-01H(7) stand out from the other strains due to their capacity to promote plant growth in A. thaliana seedlings as well as antagonist activity against of Fusarium sp.; moreover, PsH3-014(14D) also degrades pectin and chitin, while Hay2-01H(7) degrades cellulose and pectin. In contrast, Carnobacterium gallinarum strain Chi2-3Ri was detrimental for the development of Arabidopsis seedlings but it can degrade cellulose. Erwinia sp. strain Hay2-1H was the only strain capable to degrade all three biopolymers tested (cellulose, pectin, and chitin). Further research could be directed towards the isolation and characterization of key enzymes produced by the referred strains, as well as further exploration of other metabolic capacities.
PD1+TIGIT+2B4+KLRG1+ cells might underlie T-cell dysfunction in patients treated with BCMA-directed CAR-T therapy
Authors: Mishra Ameet , Schmidt Timothy , Martell Ella , Chen Alex , Dogru Reyna , Hematti Peiman , Callander Natalie
Published: January 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown rapid, frequent and deep responses in patients with relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, relapse following CAR-T is frequently observed and the cause for resistance is not well defined. Among the potential mechanism of resistance, T cell intrinsic factors may be an important source of failure. Here, we used spectral flow cytometry to identify the change in T cell phenotypes in bone marrow aspirates at different stages of multiple myeloma progression, including cases that relapsed after anti-BCMA CAR-T therapies. We identified completely different T cell phenotypes in RRMM and post CAR-T relapse cases compared to healthy donors and earlier stages of multiple myeloma, a novel double negative CD3+ T cells in RRMM and CAR-T relapsed cases, and difference in CD8 T cell phenotype at the baseline between peripheral blood and bone marrow from healthy donors. We found that the majority of T cells in RRMM, and significant subset of T cells in post CAR-T relapsed cases, expressed multiple co-inhibitory markers including PD1, TIGIT, 2B4 and KLRG1.
Upcycling of polyester wastes blended bio-based alginate fiber to fire-safety composite applied in the construct field
Authors: Weng Lin , Zhang Xiaolin
Published: January 2023

A depleting fossil reserve and the troublesome recycling corresponding waste is worldwide problem. This work upcycled polyester waste fiber with intrinsic nonflammable bio-based alginate fiber via opening-combing-needle punching technique into a fire-proof building material to reduce waste disposal and carbon footprint. The composite was proved to generate minor amount of smoke and heat, and abundant nonflammable CO2 and H2O in the pyrolysis process.With very limited flammable H2, CO and C2H4, those can be completely diluted by the nonflammable gases. Furthermore, the credible flame-retardant mechanism of fuel-dilution effect was proposed, that was the final formed Ca-C residual chars cooperating with larger number of nonflammable gaseous volatile employed as a natural barrier to impede the heat, O2 and mass transfer, which can dramatically reduce the fire hazard. Taken together, this research recycled the waste chemical fiber into the outstanding fire-proofing composite applied in the construct field by a cost-effective and eco-friendly method.
A Motor Unit Action Potential Based Signal Decomposition Scheme for Myoelectric Pattern Recognition System
Authors: SHARMA ANIL , Sharma Ila , Kumar Anil
Published: January 2023

Electromyography (EMG) signal-based Pattern Recognition (PR) system uses EMG signals and their attributes to control external devices. Due to the complex nature of EMG signals, A PR system uses many computational steps before the final output. This paper presents an alternative and novel approach for signal treatment based on Motor Unit Action Potential (MUAP) identification before the feature extraction and classification stage. Initially, a calculated noise margin segregates the active EMG signals and removes the overlapping and low-amplitude muscle signals. This step helps in reducing noise from the active EMG signals. Next, we developed an algorithm to categorize primary and overlapping MUAPs based on their holding times. Segmentation of signals is performed based on the occurrence of repeating primary MUAPs and their correlation score. It results in a lesser segmentation width than the conventional method resulting in less computational time. Six prominent features are calculated from the obtained segmentation windows. The preliminary results show an encouraging performance of the features set obtained from the MUAP-based segments. The Kruskal-Wallis test shows a low p-value which signifies the distribution of different features from different movement classes.
Specific interpretation biases as a function of social anxiety and callous-unemotional traits in a community and a clinical adolescent sample
Authors: Dapprich Anna L. , Becker Eni S. , Derks Laura M. , Legenbauer Tanja , Lange Wolf-Gero
Published: January 2023

Background: Threatening and hostile interpretation biases are seen as causal and maintaining mechanisms of childhood anxiety and aggression, respectively. However, it is unclear whether these interpretation biases are specific to distinct problems or whether they are general psychopathological phenomena. The specificity versus pervasiveness of interpretation biases could also differ depending on mental health status. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated whether social anxiety and callous-unemotional (CU) traits were uniquely related to threatening and hostile interpretation biases, respectively, in both a community and a clinical sample of adolescents.
Methods: A total of 161 adolescents between 10 to 15 years of age participated. The community sample consisted of 88 participants and the clinical sample consisted of 73 inpatients with a variety of psychological disorders. Social anxiety and CU-traits were assessed with self-report questionnaires. The Ambiguous Social Scenario Task was used to measure both threatening and hostile interpretations in response to written vignettes.
Results: Results showed that social anxiety was uniquely related to more threatening interpretations, while CU-traits were uniquely related to more hostile interpretations. These relationships were replicated for the community sample. For the clinical sample, only the link between social anxiety and threatening interpretations was significant. Explorative analyses showed that adolescents with externalizing disorders scored higher on hostile interpretations than adolescents with internalizing disorders.
Conclusions: Overall, these results support the content-specificity of threatening interpretation biases in social anxiety and of hostile interpretation biases in CU-traits. Better understanding the roles of interpretation biases in different psychopathologies might open avenues for tailored prevention and intervention paradigms.
Life Table Parameters of Grape Mealybug Planococcus Ficus (Signoret, 1875) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Different Vine Types
Authors: AMANGELDI Zhanerke , KEÇE Asime Filiz ÇALIŞKAN , ULUSOY Mehmet Rifat
Published: January 2023

In this study, the biology of Grape mealybug, Planococcus ficus (Signoret, 1875) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was investigated on different grape varieties under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 1 0C temperature, 65 ± 5% RH and 16:8 h L: D photoperiod. Life tables of four different grapevine cultivars of P. ficus were created, two of which are for wine (Emir, Kalecik karası) and two for table grapes (Yalova incisi, Trakya ilkeren). The results determined that the most suitable vine varieties for pest development were Emir and Yalova incisi, which are white grape varieties. The Yalova incisi and Emir cultivar was determined as the most suitable host plant, with the highest values of life table parameters (T0 = 31,6.4 ± 0,96 days, R0 = 32,3 ± 10,0 female/female/offspring, r = 0,1 ± 0.01 female /female/day, GRR = 99,1 ± 16,99 nymphs/female) and (T0 = 38.4 ± 1.22 days, R0 = 40.8 ± 11.53 female/female/offspring, r = 9.7 ± 0.01 female /female/day, GRR = 155.1 ± 12.14 nymphs/female).