bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fin de las reservas de fertilizantes fosfatados: ¿realidad o restricciones geopolíticas?
Authors: Giannini A. P. , Andriulo A. E. , Wyngaard N.
Published: August 2022

El fósforo (P) es un elemento fundamental para toda la vida en la tierra, y no presenta un sustituto en la producción de alimentos. El suministro de P desde las reservas de rocas fosfóricas está concentrado en unos pocos países y, en las próximas décadas podría verse gravemente afectado. Por ello el contexto geopolítico debería ser considerado al evaluar la situación. Sin embargo, no existen datos ﬁables y transparentes sobre la producción, el comercio, el uso y las pérdidas de dicho nutriente. Por lo tanto, ¿hay realmente una escasez física o son limitaciones de tipo económicas, políticas o técnicas? Si bien ya se están buscando soluciones a diferentes escalas para lograr una mayor resiliencia de los agroecosistemas, se necesitan acciones urgentes para comprender, proteger y preservar nuestro planeta y sus limitados recursos, como el P, de una manera sostenible, rentable y segura.
Certyfikat szczepionkowy jako instrument prawnej regulacji międzynarodowego ruchu osobowego
Authors: Narożniak Agnieszka , Princ Marcin
Published: August 2022

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected almost all the inhabitants of the globe, and mi-grants were among those who felt it particularly hard. Their problems were largely related to numerous limitations in the international movement of persons. As part of the ﬁght against these effects, national governments have initiated a discussion on the idea of launching vaccine certiﬁcates, sometimes called “Covid passports”. The concept has been developed and has led to the adoption of speciﬁc solutions in various countries, as well as on a wider, regional scale, in particular in the form of the EU digital COVID certiﬁcate. In the paper, the authors outline individual concepts and consider whether a vac-cine certiﬁcate does indeed bear the features of a travel document and whether it is justiﬁed to use this term. They go on to contrast the idea of issuing such certiﬁcates with national, EU and regional law. Finally, they reﬂect on what formal and material conditions must be met by such a document in order to enable the holder to cross borders, and whether such tools can be reused in the event of future pandemics. The research allows several conclusions to be formulated. The EU digital COVID certiﬁcate or other certiﬁcates cannot be regarded as travel documents, in particular, they cannot be called passports. Vaccine certiﬁcates are not meant to be a privilege or a restriction, but only an instrument that allows possible restrictions in the international movement of persons to be waived for the holder of the document (assuming that the restrictions themselves are not illegal). They should be consid-ered a temporary measure, applied in extraordinary circumstances as an instrument in the hands of states or state organizations, not private entities. In such a formula, they can also be used in the event of similar epidemic threats in the future.
Problematyka przejęcia w trybie art. 98 ustawy o gospodarce nieruchomościami gruntu oddanego w użytkowanie wieczyste w kontekście zakazu wywłaszczania nieruchomości stanowiących własność Skarbu Państwa
Authors: Kruś Maciej , Zańko Katarzyna
Published: August 2022

The article offers a detailed interpretation of Art. 98 sec. 1 of the Act of August 21, 1997 on Real Estate Management (r.e.m.) in order to answer the question of what effect in terms of the ownership of the State Treasury is related to the ﬁnal division decision issued in relation to plots of land designated for public-municipal roads at the request of the perpetual usufructuary of the property. The authors of the article support such an interpretation of Art. 98 sec. 1 r.e.m. that takes into account the broader legal context of this regulation and enables effective equipping of relevant entities – communes in this case – with real estate allowing for the construction of public-communal roads on them. This entails the necessity to transfer ex lege the ownership of the separated plot of land from the State Treasury to the appropriate commune as a result of an application submitted by the perpetual usufructuary. The authors’ conclusions are based on a linguistic, comparative, teleological and historical interpretation, taking into account the 2000 amendment to the provision. For comparison purposes, the content of Art. 105 paragraph. 4 of this Act is taken into account. The article also considers the relation of the institution discussed here to the regulations concerning expropriation. This applies to the prohibition of the expropriation of real estate owned by the State Treasury under Art. 113 sec. 2 r.e.m., in the narrow, formal meaning of this concept resulting from its deﬁnition in Art. 112 sec. 2 r.e.m. The discussion also includes expropriation in a broad, material sense resulting from Art. 21 sec. 2 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. In both cases, the analysis leads to the conclusion that depriving the State Treasury of its property for the beneﬁt of the commune in the case in question does not constitute expropriation, but is an example of communalisation, which is an acceptable form of equipping the commune with public property.
Zabezpieczenie wykonania obowiązków publicznoprawnych wynikających ze stosunku administracyjnoprawnego
Authors: Staniszewska Lucyna
Published: August 2022

This article deals with the issue of securing the performance of the content of an administrative-legal relationship. The purpose of the discussion is to indicate what measures are provided for in the normative acts, as well as what measures are postulated in the doctrine. The article discusses the differences and similarities between the legal means of securing the performance of public-law obligations, as well as recognizing the basic problems that can be encountered when using these instruments and when assessing their effectiveness and efficiency. Administration is faced with a huge number of tasks. They are carried out in various legal forms, often there are imperative forms. The effect of the administra-tion’s actions are then orders and prohibitions of speciﬁc behavior addressed to those administrated. They result from administrative acts or normative acts. The state implements its goals and tasks primarily by means of administrative and legal orders and prohibitions, in order for them to be really effective, they must be secured by coercion or sanctions. In public law, the application of legal regulations results from the will of the competent state authorities, and the addressees of the actions of these entities cannot protect themselves from the consequences (consequences) of their adoption or violation. The multiplicity of these instruments is not an obstacle to achieving the goal of safeguarding compliance with administrative law; on the contrary, their richness makes the system more ﬂexible and facilitates the choice of the best measure to se-cure the norm, and on the other hand, to be proportionate and fair in its application. The analysis of the legal problems is preceded by an explanation of the key terms: “administrative-legal relationship”, “administrative sanction” and “administrative lia-bility”, which allow the purpose and functions of individual legal instruments to be described. The article also discusses the objectives of administrative enforcement and administrative sanctions, as well as the problem of compliance of administrative sanctions with the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and international acts.
Kilka uwag na temat zasad działania Komisji Odwoławczej Agencji ds. Współpracy Organów Regulacji Energetyki
Authors: Swora Mariusz
Published: August 2022

The Board of Appeal (BoA) of the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) belongs to the category of appeal bodies hearing appeals against the deci-sions of EU administrative agencies. ACER BoA acts on the basis of legal framework dedicated to the Agency, while the rules of conduct before the Board are regulated by internal rules of procedure. These regulations are practically the only legal acts regulating the procedure before the BoA, as the EU has not adopted a single ad-ministrative code that would regulate the procedure before such bodies, inter alia. The BoA is a specialised body responsible for adjudicating complex cases in the ﬁeld of the EU common energy market related to the implementation of European network codes. The CJEU (General Court) sought to dispel any doubts concerning the rules of adjudication of the BoA in the ACER v. Aquind judgment by expressing a number of views on the scope and standard of adjudication, but even in the light of this judgment, a number of matters remain unclear. Consequently, it is all the more urgent to adopt a clear procedural and systemic framework governing the functioning of the BoA.
Raport z akcji prozdrowotnej Pracodawca dbający o zdrowie pracowników – ocena zaangażowania pracodawców
Authors: Kukawska Katarzyna
Published: August 2022

Employers’ occupational health initiatives can be divided into two categories: tasks speciﬁed in the acts of activity, and non-obligatory activities. Workplace health pro-motion entails shaping the health behaviour of employees, the physical conditions of the work environment and improving employees’ access to medical services. Supra-compulsory actions in the ﬁeld of employee health protection can be referred to as pro-health activities.The pro-health campaign An employer who cares about employees’ health was carried out by the Heliodor Swiecicki Clinical Hospital in Poznan. In the years 2019-2020, screening tests for the early detection of head and neck cancers were performed in cooperation with Wielkopolska companies.The aim here is to analyse the proﬁles of employers engaging in pro-health campaigns in terms of the size, number of employees and the industry. The study assessed the effectiveness of the health campaign by means of the percentage of employees qualiﬁed for the study and the percentage of employees referred to the Clinical Hospital for further diagnostics.14 employers participated in the research. In the sales sector, 7 large and 2 me-dium-sized enterprises from the industrial sector, 2 medium-sized enterprises and 1 public sector company, as well as 2 large enterprises from the transport sector. A total of 2,428 employees were declared for the study, 710 people were qualiﬁed for the study, and 447 employees were required to undergo in-depth diagnostics. Large enterprises employing more than 250 people were more willing to participate in the pro-health campaign, although they had a lower percentage of employees qualiﬁed for the research compared to medium-sized or small enterprises.
Glosa aprobująca do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z 1 grudnia 2020 r., sygn. akt II OSK 1580/18 – Niedopuszczalność stosowania wykładni zawężającej wyrażenia „działka sąsiednia dostępna z tej samej drogi publicznej”
Authors: Mączyński Maciej
Published: August 2022

The cited judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court focuses on the meaning of the expression “access from the same public road”. The judgment of the Court of Second Instance deserves to be approved because the recitals of this judgment take into account the right to develop the plot to which the investor holds the legal title, the broad understanding of ‘neighborhood’, as well as the values that constitute the ratio legis of the Act on spatial planning and development.The rationale of the Supreme Administrative Court’s decision results primarily from the fact that a narrow understanding of neighbourhood which is prompted by the linguistic interpretation was not deemed sufficient. Referring to the jurisprudence, and above all the legislative activity of the Supreme Administrative Court and the doctrine of administrative law, it should have been concluded that the effects of the linguistic interpretation were legitimately checked from the point of view of the legislator’s goal when enacting the Act on Spatial Planning and Development. Therefore, it was necessary to make a purposive interpretation that justiﬁes the need to take into account the right to develop a building plot, take into consideration values such as spatial order, sustainable development, ownership and public interest, as well as the interest of third parties.The position of the judgment under review is not uniform in the jurisprudence. However, it does take into account the need to weigh up the disputed interests. Although the right of ownership is signiﬁcantly limited in the planning and legal regulations, it is unacceptable to deprive it of its use only due to the assumption that neighbourhood should be understood as the contact of two plots or their access to the same public road.
Justyna Węglińska, Realizacja bezpieczeństwa prawnego w instytucji odpowiedzialności lekarza za błąd medyczny, seria Monografie Prawnicze, Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022 (opr. Paulina Jachimowicz-Jankowska)
Authors: Jachimowicz-Jankowska Paulina
Published: August 2022

Przegląd polskich opracowań naukowych: Justyna Węglińska, Realizacja bezpieczeństwa prawnego w instytucji odpowiedzialności lekarza za błąd medyczny, seria Monografie Prawnicze, Wydawnictwo C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022 (opr. Paulina Jachimowicz-Jankowska)
Towards an ecology of care: Basic Income after the nation-state
Authors: Linares Julio , Cabaña Gabriela
Published: August 2022

The following paper is about care1. It proposes a political vision to move towards a care-centred society that will allow the flourishing of everyone while keeping the planet inhabitable and thriving. For this utopian horizon that we name an ecology of care, we propose the creation of a Basic Income system that is constituted outside of and beyond the realm of the nation-state, as a means of changing humanity’s relationship to itself and transitioning from capitalism to a commons-based society. It argues for a disembedding of work—and the time allocated to it—from money, through a reformulation of the production of money in the form of an income distributed as an equal share to all those who are part of the planetary commons. Finally, it connects this Basic Income proposal with degrowth as a radical and necessary reformulation of society that considers its ecological roots and replaces the obsession with endless economic growth with the principle of taking care of people.
Sport and deradicalization: a proposal for an analysis and prevention model
Authors: Bortoletto Nico , Grignoli Daniela
Published: August 2022

Based on Bronfenbrenner’s (1979) ecological model, this article focuses on the multidimensionality of radicalization and its relationship with community culture by observing the problem of social isolation. In this framework, sports provide contexts in which forms of social collaboration are necessary, the “rules of the game” must be embraced, and there is close interaction among fellow players. These characteristics can turn organized sports into observatories on (potential) juvenile radicalization through identifying “early warning signals” that are mainly detected by observing those conducts that may reveal a potential risk. In the provided extensive literature review, it comes that these signs can be traced, for instance, in the lack of self-esteem, in the absence of significant bonds, in the intolerance towards values, as well as in extreme introverted behaviour of the young subjects. Alongside such premises, this paper aims to understand whether and to what extent it is possible to hypothesize the shaping of strategies able to prevent radicalization in various contexts. Alongside such premises, this paper is aimed at understanding whether, and to what extent, it is possible to hypothesize the shaping of strategies able to avert radicalisation in various contexts, prevention based on the idea that the interaction between the individual and the environment—in the sense provided by the Chicago School—is heavily influenced by the progressive adaptation of human organism to its surrounding environment.
Advancing care and research for traumatic brain injury: a roadmap
Authors: Sees Julieanne P. , Matney Chanel , Bowman Katherine
Published: August 2022

Across all segments of society in the United States, millions of adults and children experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) each year, which may pose lifetime health and financial burdens in the billions of dollars. Efforts have been made to advance research and care with goals to improve awareness of the causes and consequences of TBI, but gaps still remain in understanding TBI and delivering high-quality care to everyone who needs it both in military and civilian life. At the request of the Department of Defense, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine recently convened experts to address existing gaps in brain injury science and systems of care. Although many people who experience a TBI recover fully, others experience long-term physical, emotional, and often financial consequences to the patient and family system, and require ongoing accommodations to support their return to the communities in which they live, learn, and work. A holistic approach within the context of osteopathic medicine may be helpful and enhance contributions within the field. This article will discuss the roadmap to help guide the field, including key conclusions and recommendations for actions to advance progress over the next decade while embracing a comprehensive bio-psycho-socio-ecological model of TBI care bringing in the distinctive osteopathic approach not only to improve care and outcomes, but also to understand patient and family experiences on their TBI journey.
Evaluation of fetal middle adrenal artery Doppler and fetal adrenal gland size in pregnancies with fetal growth restriction: a case-control study
Authors: Uyan Hendem Derya , Ocal Fatma Doga , Oluklu Deniz , Besimoglu Berhan , Sinaci Selcan , Atalay Aysegul , Menekse Beser Dilek , Tanacan Atakan , Sahin Dilek
Published: August 2022

Objectives

This study aims to evaluate sonographic measurements of fetal adrenal gland size and middle adrenal artery Doppler in pregnancies with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and in a healthy control group.

Methods

This prospective study included 107 singleton pregnancies with FGR between 24 and 42 weeks of gestation and 107 pregnancies with fetuses whose growth was appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Adrenal gland size and Doppler parameters of the adrenal artery were measured and the values and obstetric outcomes were compared between the study and control groups.

Results

In the study group, the Z-scores of total adrenal width-length and height, fetal zone width-length and middle adrenal artery-peak systolic velocity (MAA-PSV) were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). The Z-scores of middle adrenal artery-pulsatility index (MAA-PI) were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (p<0.05). The rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission in fetuses with high adrenal artery PI scores was higher in the FGR group (p<0.05).

Conclusions

In the present study, we observed decreased adrenal artery PI, increased adrenal blood flow, and increased fetal adrenal volume in fetuses diagnosed with fetal growth restriction, most likely in response to placental insufficiency and chronic hypoxia.
Crystal structure of diiodido-bis(6,6′-dimethoxy-2,2′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(nitrilomethanylylidene)) diphenolato)tricadmium(II), C36H36Cd3I2N4O8
Authors: Hu Jin , Lu Xin-Hua
Published: August 2022

C36H36Cd3I2N4O8, orthorhombic, Pbca (no. 61), a = 18.909(4) Å, b = 16.149(3) Å, c = 26.050(5) Å, V = 7955(3) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0439, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0752, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-((2,4-dichlorobenzyl)thio)-5-methyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-c]pyrimidine, C14H9Cl2F3N4S
Authors: Lan Wen-Jun , Liu Chun-Yi , Luo Yan-Bi , Fei Qiang , Wu Wen-Neng
Published: August 2022

C14H9Cl2F3N4S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.6567(3) Å, b = 4.80480(10) Å, c = 28.1051(7) Å, β = 101.336(2)°, V = 1543.40(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0358, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1014, T = 250 K.
Borrowing of address forms for dimensions of social relation in a contact-induced multilingual community
Authors: Yusra Kamaludin , Lestari Yuni Budi , Simpson Jane
Published: August 2022

Address forms have been studied in various contexts, and it has been assumed that the determining dimensions are solidarity, including closeness and equality, and power, including distance and hierarchy. Solidarity is indexed with singular forms while power is represented with plural forms. Using ethnography of communication framework, this study enriches this discussion by examining the use of address forms by Bima people in a multilingual community in Bima, Indonesia, where Bima, Indonesian and other languages in contact have been used for centuries. Address forms including speaker reference forms were identified and classified in 1,250 h of data collected through observation, interviews, elicitation, and recordings of conversation. The study shows that address forms from languages in contact with Bima have been borrowed to represent dimensions within the solidarity-power continuum including intimacy, closeness, equality, hierarchy and respect. The Bima forms are used to exercise traditional solidarity-power relations, but the borrowed forms of Arab, Bugis, Chinese, English, and Makassarese origins are used to negotiate more intimate, close, equal and respectful relations within the social hierarchy. Using the native and the borrowed forms according to referent’s age, gender, status, and contexts, speakers construct different social spaces of intimacy, closeness, equality, hierarchy, respect, and power.
A critical review on global CO2emission: where do industries stand?
Authors: Bahman Nahed , Alalaiwat Dalal , Abdulmohsen Zainab , Al Khalifa Mohamed , Al Baharna Safeya , Al-Mannai Mariam Ahmed , Younis Adnan
Published: August 2022

Global CO2emissions from different industries have been increasing at an alarming rate. This growth is outpacing the efforts, nations are putting in place to reduce their carbon footprints. In this topical review, we critically analyze the level of CO2emissions on a global scale and across various industries and activities within them and the dominant anthropogenic forcing instability. The global CO2emission from various economic sectors such as industries, transportation and variety of waste sources were traced globally and regionally. To contextualize our review, the sector wise CO2emission trends data for a period more than a decade is reviewed which highlighted the main sources of emissions. The data shows the overall reduction of carbon footprints and its progress across various sectors is very limited. The governing factors for this continued global pattern can be ascribed to two main factors: high consumer demands, and poor efforts towards shifting low and zero carbon services across all sectors. Some efforts have been witnessed to shift towards clean fuels and renewables, particularly in Europe and North America. However, rapid growth in industrialization limits the shifting of fossil-based energy systems towards less harmful systems. In Asia, particularly in eastern, southern, and south-eastern regions, the carbon footprints were found to increased owing to a huge demand for materials production, travelling and energy services. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to identify, understand and tackle the most persistent and climate-harmful factors across all industries and drive such policies to substitute the fossil fuels with renewables.
Mg2MnGa3 – An orthorhombically distorted superstructure variant of the hexagonal Laves phase MgZn2
Authors: Pavlyuk Nazar , Chumak Ihor , Pavlyuk Volodymyr , Ehrenberg Helmut , Indris Sylvio , Hlukhyy Viktor , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: August 2022

The Laves phase Mg2MnGa3 was synthesized from the elements by arc-melting and subsequent annealing in a silica ampoule at T = 670 K. The structure of Mg2MnGa3 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: URe2 type, Cmcm, a = 543.24(1), b = 869.59(3), c = 858.58(2) pm, wR2 = 0.0556, 273 F
2 values and 24 variables. The manganese and gallium atoms form a three-dimensional network of corner- and face-sharing MnGa3 tetrahedra that derive as a ternary ordering variant from the hexagonal Laves phase MgZn2. The structures of the distortion and coloring variants, i.e., MgZn2, URe2, Mg2Cu3Si and Mg2MnGa3 are discussed on the basis of a Bärnighausen tree. The electronic structure calculation data indicate that in addition to the metallic type of bonding an additional covalent interaction appears between the Ga–Ga and Mn–Ga atoms.
Performance Comparison of Similarity Measure Algorithm as Data Preprocessing Stage: Text Normalization in Bahasa
Authors: Finansyah Achmad Yohni Wahyu , Afiahayati FNU , Sutanto Vincent Michael
Published: August 2022

Purpose: More and more data are stored in text form due to technological developments, making text data processing more difficult. It also causes problems in the text preprocessing algorithm, one of which is when two texts are identical, but are considered distinct by the algorithm. Therefore, it is necessary to normalize the text to get the standard form of words in a particular language. Spelling correction is often used to normalize text, but for Bahasa Indonesia, there has not been much research on the spell correction algorithm. Thus, there needs to be a comparison of the most appropriate spelling correction algorithms for the normalization process to be effective.Methods: In this study, we compared three algorithms, namely Levenshtein Distance, Jaro-Winkler Distance, and Smith-Waterman. These algorithms were evaluated using questionnaire data and tweet data, which both are in Bahasa Indonesia.Result: The fastest normalization time is obtained by the Jaro-Winkler, taking an average of 31.01 seconds for questionnaire data and 59.27 seconds for tweet data. The best accuracy is obtained by the Levenshtein Distance with a value of 44.90% for the questionnaire data and 60.04% for the tweet data. Novelty: The novelty of this research is to compare the similarity measure algorithm in Bahasa Indonesia. Therefore, the most suitable similarity measure algorithm for Bahasa Indonesia will be obtained.
Improvement Of Image Quality Using Convolutional Neural Networks Method
Authors: Nugroho Arief Kelik , Permadi Ipung , Faturrahim Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Purpose: This desire for high resolution stems from two main application areas, namely improving pictorial information for human interpretation and assisting automatic machine perception in representing images or videos. Image resolution describes the detail contained in an image, the higher the resolution, the more detail there is. The resolution of a digital image can be classified into various types, namely pixel resolution, spatial resolution, temporal resolution, and radiometric resolution. In this context, we are interested in spatial resolution.Methods: Elements of a digital image consist of a collection of small images called pixels. Spatial resolution refers to the pixel density of an image and is measured in pixels per unit area. A quality digital image is determined by the size of the resolution it has. A low resolution or low-resolution is a drawback of a digital image because the information contained in the image means little compared to a high-resolution image.Result: Therefore, in this study, a digital image processing program was created in the form of Image Super-Resolution with the Convolutional Neural Network method to utilize low-resolution images to produce high-resolution images. With a fairly short training process, namely 6050 datasets with 100 CNN epochs, the average PSNR image is 5% higher.Novelty: Image quality can be improved by changing the parameters in the CNN method so that image quality can be improved.
Backward Chaining Model for Identifying Learning Difficulties Experienced by Special Needs Children
Authors: Fiati Rina , Kurniati Diah
Published: August 2022

Identification of learning difficulties is the most important process because it determines the next step in conducting an assessment especially for students with special needs. The first step that needs to be taken in determining the learning difficulties of children with special needs is through identification, where each student has a different character. The purpose of the research is to identfy learning difficulties faced by children with special needs by using backward chaining model and give solutions to learning difficulties. The study's findings indicate that the main factor causing learning challenges for children with special needs is an internal component coming from the students themselves, namely their motivation (75%). The second component is an external factor that has to do with how parents educate their special needs children (25%). To solve the problems, students should have a high motivation in studying and parents should change the way they educate their children. It is suggested that parents should give more attention on students’ academic progress
Design and Evaluation of Smart Digital Signature Application User Interface for Document Legalization in COVID 19 Pandemic
Authors: Fitriana Gita Fadila , Wibowo Merlinda , Aribowo Eko
Published: August 2022

Abstract. Purpose: This study aims to build an effective user interface digital signature application for document legalization.Methods: The process of document publishing services and bureaucratic flows at universities affected by the pandemic can be simplified and accelerated with this application later. However, appropriate application design still needs to be done before application development. Therefore, application design is carried out on the User Interface (UI) to the prototype stage so that the application to be built can be more attractive, more effective, and efficient. In addition, to help the application succeed, it is also necessary to evaluate the design process.  Result: This testing process is carried out to prevent failures from later application development by implementing an easy and frequently used test, namely usability testing, namely the Usability Scale (SUS) System. The tests carried out have shown that the design proposed in this study gets a good score of 80.5, so it is effective and efficient to be implemented and implemented in the development of smart digital signature applications.Novelty: This study is to design and evaluate the UI of the smart digital signature application to provide participation for the success of the application that will be developed later. Therefore, the smart digital signature application can be used effectively and efficiently as a document validation process during this pandemic, which is needed, especially in universities, to improve staff performance and support academic activities. The number of digital documents signed and sent will be the same as the documents received. Furthermore, the validity and integrity of the document can be monitored using the developed application.
Topic Modeling on WhatsApp User Reviews Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Authors: Kharisudin Iqbal , Masri'an Hera
Published: August 2022

Abstract.Purpose: Topic modeling is a practical algorithm for identifying topics in text data. This study aims to find issues of WhatsApp user reviews using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and describe the characteristics of each case.Method: We used 1710 WhatsApp user reviews written 7-13 August 2020 on Google Play. This research was conducted with a qualitative method consisting of five stages: problem identification, data retrieval, preprocessing, modeling, and analysis. The modeling stage consists of making a Document-Term Matrix (DTM), determining the number of iterations and topics, and building a model. We use perplexity as to the indicator in determining the number of iterations and topics. A lower perplexity value indicates a better model performance. The analysis phase includes observations on the top terms and documents to label and describe the characteristics of each topic. Result: Topic modeling produces word-topic and document-topic assignments. The word-topic assignment contains words with high probability (top terms). Document-topic assignment reveals documents that have a high probability (top documents). The topics most frequently discussed were voice and video calls with 104 reviews, 86 reviews of call quality, photo and video quality with 100 reviews, and voice messages with 75 reviews. Novelty: In this research, a topic model has been generated for a user review of the WhatsApp application using Latent Dirichlet Allocation. The number of iterations in the modeling was determined based on the observation of the perplexity value, instead of randomly assigning iterations.
Estudiantes del bachillerato y cambio climático. Un estudio desde las representaciones sociales
Authors: Calixto-Flores Raúl
Published: August 2022

Introducción. El estudiantado de bachillerato no es ajeno al cúmulo de información que día con día se transmite por los diferentes medios respecto a los problemas ambientales; en este contexto el estudiantado configura las representaciones sociales sobre el cambio climático. Metodología. La investigación se desarrolló desde la perspectiva cualitativa congruente con el enfoque procesual de las representaciones sociales; se utilizaron varias técnicas para la recolección de la información escrita y verbal del estudiantado: evocación libre, carta asociativa, dibujo-narrativa y escala de actitudes. Se triangula la información obtenida, se analizan los testimonios textuales y las frecuencias de respuestas, se sistematizan e interpretan los resultados. Resultados. En el estudiantado se observa que las representaciones sociales contienen pocos conocimientos científicos, abundan las nociones y opiniones, además poseen y reflejan el sentido de actitudes favorables hacia el medio ambiente. Discusión. Los resultados son semejantes a los obtenidos en otras investigaciones, algunas nociones equivocadas sobre el cambio climático (consecuencias-causas), que persisten e incluso aumentan cuando tienen más edad. También se observan similitudes con otros estudios sobre la prevalencia de varias confusiones en sus representaciones sociales, por ejemplo, entre tiempo y clima y el agujero en la capa de ozono como consecuencia del cambio climático. Pero a diferencia de otros estudios, en esta investigación se observa, en los testimonios del estudiantado, la influencia de la educación ambiental en la conformación de las actitudes favorables hacia el medio ambiente.
Synthesis mechanism of carbon microsphere from waste office paper via hydrothermal method
Authors: Yang Mannan , Fang Changqing , Su Jian , Cheng Youliang , Zhang Qi , Liu Ming
Published: August 2022

Carbon microsphere was successfully synthesized from waste office paper via hydrothermal method and high temperature treatment in nitrogen atmosphere. The process of carbon microsphere synthesis from waste office paper fiber using concentrated sulfuric acid was studied, and the influence of H2SO4 concentration and reaction time on the hydrolysis reaction was considered. To investigate the mechanism of conversion of waste office paper to carbon microsphere, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry was used to analyze the chemical composition of the supernatant liquid product and the non-carbonized carbon microsphere. The weight loss of the non-carbonized carbon microsphere was assessed through thermogravimetry. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the morphology. The hydrolysis reaction of waste office paper fiber and synthesis mechanism of carbon microsphere under different conditions were evaluated. The results showed that when the reaction time reached 24 h, the product had uniform particle size and was well dispersed, and the more sulfuric acid present led to the waste office paper fiber being more thoroughly hydrolyzed.
COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions for Children With Medical Complexity
Authors: Howell Kristina Devi , Kelly Michelle M. , DeMuri Gregory P. , McBride Joseph A. , Katz Barbara , Edmonson M. Bruce , Sklansky Daniel J. , Shadman Kristin A. , Ehlenbach Mary L. , Butteris Sabrina M. , Warner Gemma , Zhao Qianqian , Coller Ryan J.
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES

The chronic conditions and functional limitations experienced by children with medical complexity (CMC) place them at disproportionate risk for COVID-19 transmission and poor outcomes. To promote robust vaccination uptake, specific constructs associated with vaccine hesitancy must be understood. Our objective was to describe demographic, clinical, and vaccine perception variables associated with CMC parents’ intention to vaccinate their child against COVID-19.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional survey (June–August 2021) for primary caregivers of CMC between ages 5 to 17 at an academic medical center in the Midwest. Multivariable logistic regression examined associations between vaccination intent and selected covariates.

RESULTS

Among 1330 families, 65.8% indicated vaccination intent. In multivariable models, demographics had minimal associations with vaccination intent; however, parents of younger children (<12 years) had significantly lower adjusted odds of vaccination intent (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.26 [0.17–0.3]) compared to parents of older children (≥12 years). CMC with higher severity of illness, ie, those with ≥1 hospitalization in the previous year (versus none) or >1 complex chronic condition (vs 1), had higher adjusted odds of vaccination intent (1.82 [1.14–2.92] and 1.77 [1.16–2.71], respectively). Vaccine perceptions associated with vaccine intention included “My doctor told me to get my child a COVID-19 vaccine” (2.82 [1.74–4.55]); and “I’m concerned about my child’s side effects from the vaccine” (0.18 [0.12–0.26]).

CONCLUSIONS

One-third of CMC families expressed vaccine hesitation; however, constructs strongly associated with vaccination intent are potentially modifiable. Pediatrician endorsement of COVID-19 vaccination and careful counseling on side effects might be promising strategies to encourage uptake.
Neurologic outcomes of prehospital mechanical chest compression device use during transportation of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a multicenter observational study
Authors: Min Chanhong , Lee Dong Eun , Ryoo Hyun Wook , Jung Haewon , Cho Jae Wan , Kim Yun Jeong , Ahn Jae Yun , Park Jungbae , Mun You Ho , Jang Tae Chang , Jin Sang-chan
Published: August 2022

Objective High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation with chest compression is important for good neurologic outcomes during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Several types of mechanical chest compression devices have recently been implemented in Korean emergency medical services. This study aimed to identify the effect of prehospital mechanical chest compression device use on the outcomes of OHCA patients.Methods We retrospectively analyzed data drawn from the regional cardiac arrest registry in Daegu, Korea. This registry prospectively collected data from January 2017 to December 2020. Patients aged 18 years or older who experienced cardiac arrest presumed to have a medical etiology were included. The exposure variable was the use of a prehospital mechanical device during transportation by emergency medical technicians. The outcomes measured were neurologic outcomes and survival to discharge. Logistic regression analysis was used.Results Among 3,230 OHCA patients, 1,111 (34.4%) and 2,119 (65.6%) were managed with manual chest compression and with a mechanical chest compression device, respectively. The mechanical chest compression group showed poorer neurologic outcomes than the manual chest compression group (adjusted odds ratio, 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.33) and decreased survival to discharge (adjusted odds ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–0.82) after adjustment for confounding variables.Conclusion Prehospital mechanical chest compression device use in OHCA was associated with poorer neurologic outcomes and survival to discharge compared to manual chest compression.
Motywowanie jako istotny element zarządzania firmą na przykładzie firmy Ever Cleaning sp. z o.o.
Authors: Wajerak Michał , Kowalska-Myśliwiecka Sylwia
Published: August 2022

Cel. Celem badań była analiza i charakterystyka narzędzi motywowania pracowników w firmie Ever Cleaning sp. z.o.o, a także opinii badanych pracowników na temat dostosowania narzędzi motywowania do potrzeb pracowników, zróżnicowania tych narzędzi oraz ich skuteczności.
Metody. W badaniu wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego i technikę ankietyzacji przy zastosowaniu autorsko przygotowanego narzędzia badawczego w postaci kwestionariusza ankiety. Kwestionariusz ankiety składał się z 10 pytań merytorycznych oraz dodatkowych pytań metryczkowych. W badaniu wzięło udział 80 respondentów. Zebrany materiał został poddany analizie statystycznej z wykorzystaniem narzędzi ilościowych oraz testu korelacji χ2 dla zbadania relacji korelacyjnych pomiędzy danymi. Obliczenia wykonano przy wykorzystaniu programu Microsoft Excel.
Wyniki. Charakterystyka i ocena zadowolenia pracowników z systemu motywacyjnego w firmie Ever Cleaning sp. z.o.o. wykazała, że istniejący system motywacyjny wykorzystujący czynniki płacowe, pozapłacowe i niematerialne wpływa na satysfakcję z pracy i dobre oceny zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi.
Wnioski. Systemy motywacyjne stosowane w firmie Ever Cleaning sp. z.o.o.  wpływają na zadowolenie pracowników ze swojej pracy, którzy tym samym wnoszą pozytywny wkład w realizację celów organizacji. Przeprowadzone badanie skupiało się nie tylko na tym, jakie motywatory determinują satysfakcję z pracy, ale także na tym, jakie czynniki motywacyjne sprzyjają osiąganiu potencjału zadowolenia, wskazując jak organizacje mogą działać w skutecznej i efektywnej realizacji tego zadania.
Wizerunki na monetach Ajnos jako przejaw edukacji i komunikacji społecznej w mieście antycznym.
Authors: Lebiedowicz Paulina
Published: August 2022

Cel. Celem badań była analiza monet antycznych wybitych w Ajnos na przełomie lat 480-200 p.n.e., przede wszystkim ich funkcji jako nośnika informacji o przemianach polityczno-ekonomicznych w mieście.
Materiały i metody. Dokonano analizy zaobserwowanych zmian systemu wagowego wybijanych monet w kontekście przemian ekonomiczno-politycznych zachodzących w strefie Morza Egejskiego podkreślając znaczenie tych zmian dla określonych grup społecznych w polis. Przeprowadzono analizę przedstawień bóstw i znaków urzędniczych na monetach wyjaśniając ich rolę jako środka komunikacji społecznej. Dokonano także analizy stylistyczno-porównawczej monet pochodzących z innych obszarów Grecji celem określenia znaczenia i zasięgu zmian zaobserwowanych w emisjach monet Ajnos.
Wyniki. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły na potwierdzenie tezy zakładającej, że zmienność monet antycznych była wynikiem nie tylko naturalnej ewolucji i poprawienia umiejętności menniczych, ale również odzwierciedleniem zmian politycznych lub handlowych w danym rejonie Grecji i równocześnie wewnętrznych zmian ekonomicznych polis.
Wnioski. Wyniki badań potwierdziły znaczenie interpretacji monet w kontekście odtworzenia i oceny zmian polityczno-ekonomicznych zachodzących w poleis greckich. Analizy monet są również cennym źródłem umożliwiającym określenie chronologii i dynamiki tych zmian. Przeprowadzone badania udowodniły rolę monet jako czynnika integrującego społeczeństwo danej polis greckiej wykazując, że ikonografia na nich zawarta jest świadectwem i jednocześnie komunikatem wspólnoty obywatelskiej jej mieszkańców.
Badania nad upamiętnieniem Holokaustu w Polsce i w USA na przykładzie dwóch największych miejsc pamięci. Dyskurs, archiwa i polityka.
Authors: Krawiec Adriana
Published: August 2022

Cel. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest odpowiedź na pytanie: Jak możemy odkryć, z czego wynikają zarysowane w artykule różnice w dyskursie o Holokauście w Państwowym Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau i Narodowym Muzeum Holokaustu w Waszyngtonie?
Omówione koncepcje. Artykuł oparty jest o zarys wyników badań autorki niniejszego tekstu nad porównaniem polityk pamięci w kontekście Holokaustu na terenie dwóch państw – Polski i USA. Analiza literatury przedmiotu wykazała, że oficjalny dyskurs o Holokauście prowadzony przez te państwa odbywa się w ramach państwowych instytucji (w przypadku USA bardziej precyzyjne jest użycie terminu federalnych instytucji), będących jednocześnie miejscami pamięci Holokaustu: tj. Państwowego Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau w Oświęcimiu i Narodowego Muzeum Holokaustu w Waszyngtonie (The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). W odkryciu różnic w sposobach prowadzonych dyskursów tych instytucji niezbędne stają się nie tylko wizyty w tych ośrodkach i powiązanie ich z literaturą przedmiotu, ale przede wszystkim zawartości archiwów tych ośrodków. Archiwa dostarczają informacji w zakresie tego, jak te dyskursy są i były kształtowane, w obliczu jakich okoliczności oraz zmagań, oraz jak zostały zorganizowane w ramach wewnętrznych i zewnętrznych technik działania władzy. Te instytucjonalne repozytoria danych ułatwiają odkrycie wszystkich fundatorów dyskursów – od jednostek, przez ciała eksperckie i liderów opinii, po przywódców politycznych. Dzięki archiwom możliwa staje się rekonstrukcja polityk upamiętnienia, odkrywanie celów tych polityk oraz organizacji dyskursu w tych ośrodkach.
 
Wyniki i wnioski.  Jak wykazano w artykule, badania archiwów Państwowego Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau w Oświęcimiu i Narodowego Muzeum Holokaustu w Waszyngtonie mogą znacząco przyczynić się do odpowiedzi na pytanie o kształtowanie się dyskursu o Holokauście w Polsce i w USA oraz do zrozumienia różnic w tych dyskursach, a przez to politykach pamięci w kontekście Holokaustu w tych krajach, zarówno na przełomie różnych lat, jak i współcześnie.
Sceniczna adaptacja "Zbrodni i kary" w ujęciu Wajdy oraz Śmigasiewicza. Podobieństwa i różnice
Authors: Karlikowska-Pąsiek Magdalena
Published: August 2022

Cel badań. Celem badań było prześledzenie scenariuszy adaptacji teatralnych powieści Zbrodnia i kara w reżyserii Andrzeja Wajdy (1984) i Waldemara Śmigasiewicza (2007) oraz wskazanie podobieństw i różnic pomiędzy badanymi tekstami.

Metody badań. W pracy zostały przeanalizowane i porównane ze sobą dwa odrębne scenariusze teatralne scena po scenie, aby ukazać i omówić podobieństwa i różnice w budowie przedstawienia pod względem przekładu dzieła literackiego na dzieło sceniczne.

Wyniki badań. Analiza wykazała, że oba scenariusze są zbudowane na podstawie trzech naprzemiennych dialogów Raskolnikowa z Porfirym oraz Raskolnikowa z Sonią. Obie adaptacje teatralne skupiają się na kondycji psychicznej zbrodniarza tuż po dokonaniu zbrodni oraz na pytaniu: Dlaczego Raskolnikow zabił? Różnice w scenariuszach wynikają po pierwsze, z doboru przez reżyserów bohaterów drugoplanowych. Po drugie, z powodu epizodów, które występują pomiędzy dialogami Raskolnikowa z Porfirym oraz Raskolnikowa z Sonią.

Wnioski. W badaniu zostały wzięte pod uwagę jedynie podobieństwa i różnice w konstrukcji warstwy tekstowej wymienionych adaptacji. Tak, aby zrozumieć jakie idee i symbole utworu Zbrodnia i kara chciał przekazać widzowi Wajda a jakie Śmigasiewicz.  Nie były badane rozwiązania sceniczne takie jak, gra aktorska, scenografia, kostiumy, światła, oprawa muzyczna i inne środki wyrazu.