bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El Informe de Investigación Científica en las Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Ochoa-Pachas José Mario , Espinoza Pajuelo Luis Ángel
Published: October 2022

Existen una variedad de formatos para la presentación de los informes finales de una investigación científica en el campo de las ciencias sociales. Muchos tesistas confunden el proyecto con el informe final y no perciben que entre el proyecto que se escribe y redacta en futuro y el informe que se suele redactar en pasado, existe un puente que se denomina ejecución del proyecto de investigación. Una vez que se aprueba el proyecto de investigación, generando que la universidad emita una resolución de aprobación o de inscripción o simplemente le indican verbal o por escrito que puede ejecutar el proyecto de investigación. Las universidades peruanas tienen diferentes guías, reglamentos, formatos, estructuras para la presentación de estos reportes, empleando diversos estilos de redacción, siendo el más común el APA sexta o séptima edición; también pueden emplear el Vancouver, IEEE, ISO-690, Chicago, Harvard, MLA, Turabian, entre otros. Asimismo, los márgenes, tipo de letras, dedicatorias, agradecimientos, índice general, índice de tablas, índice de figuras, resumen, Abstract se presentan de acuerdo a los requerimientos de la misma institución universitaria. El presente documento presentará el desarrollo del reporte final basado en dos triadas: la primera, basada en el marco teórico, tiene los siguientes acápites, problemas, hipótesis y objetivos, complementados por justificación y delimitación; la segunda triada, sustentada en el diseño, tiene las siguientes partes, método, técnicas, e instrumentos, complementados por la recolección de datos, el procesamiento de datos, discusión, conclusiones, recomendaciones, referencias y anexos.
Auditoria para detecção de vieses discriminatórios em métodos de machine learning
Authors: Takahata André Kazuo , Carloto Selma
Published: October 2022

Em uma sociedade digital e algorítmica a proteção de dados assume um papel fundamental frente às novas tecnologias cada vez mais invasivas e surge a preocupação com os estereótipos e vieses discriminatórios, já que estes poderão ser reforçados e constatados em atividades de tratamento por meio de inteligência artificial, em relações em geral, mas principalmente em processos seletivos com a consequente lesão a direitos de personalidade.
Seksualitas Sebagai Ciri Martabat Manusia Dalam Teologi Tubuh
Authors: Setiawan Kristoforus Krisna
Published: October 2022

This study entitled “Sexuality as a Characteristic of Human Dignity According to John Paul II in the Theology of the Body” was prepared with the background of the author's concern for the understanding of sexuality which has been understood only at the biological level. So, this study presents a review of Pope John Paul II's thoughts on the theology of the body in order to straighten the understanding of sexuality. As a phenomenologicalpersonalistic philosopher and theologian, Pope John Paul II initiated the theology of the body with the foundation of Christian anthropology in order to straighten out the understanding of sexuality that had been considered too reductive. In fact, sexuality actually reveals the characteristics of human dignity as the image of God in its entirety. Sexuality is also an attempt to express the supernatural dimension in humans. This is because sexuality in body theology is also understood from the perspective of creation and salvation theology. Through the framework of this understanding, the noble value of sexuality is increasingly displayed in human life, including through sexual union which is an expression of true love. Through sexuality, the human body is also understood as a sacrament that expresses the divine mystery, thereby further acknowledging that sexuality is not just a biological reality. Based on these descriptions, sexuality is a feature of high human dignity as desired by God since the beginning of creation.
Sobre a simulação de algoritmos de escalonamento cientes de energia renovável
Authors: Cupelli Artur E. L. e , Vasconcelos Miguel F. S. , Lima Karla , Cordeiro Daniel
Published: October 2022

A alta demanda por serviços de computação em nuvem é preocupante devido aos elevados gastos energéticos e o resultante impacto ambiental. Uma possível estratégia para reduzir esses impactos é empregar algoritmos de escalonamento cientes de energia renovável. No entanto, o custo de testar e avaliar tais algoritmos em infraestruturas reais pode ser muito alto, o que motiva o uso de simuladores. Neste trabalho é apresentada a complexidade na delimitação de um modelo de escalonamento ciente de energia renovável e algumas das opções modernas para simulação de infraestrutura computacional.
Algoritmos de agrupamento aplicados à detecção de fraudes
Authors: Furlanetto Gabriel Covello , Carvalho Veronica Oliveira de , Baldassin Alexandro , Manacero Aleardo
Published: October 2022

Em um contexto tecnológico, em que dados são gerados de maneira exponencial, as análises financeiras tem se tornado gradativamente mais importantes para evitar grandes perdas devido às fraudes. Neste trabalho, busca-se a segmentação das transações em grupos, por meio de técnicas de agrupamento, com base na existência de padrões distintos entre transações financeiras legítimas e ilegais. Para isto, algoritmos foram testados e comparados em relação ao desempenho, validação do agrupamento, interpretação e compreensão, sendo os três últimos critérios utilizados para a formulação de hipóteses. Como resultado espera-se uma redução do espaço de busca para que possíveis fraudes possam ser investigadas.
Primeiras Experiências com a Programação de Estruturas de Dados Persistentes
Authors: Bastelli Lucas , Baldassin Alexandro
Published: October 2022

Memória persistente é uma das mais novas tecnologias em armazenamento. Contrário aos dispositivos para armazenamento secundário (HD e SSD), sua maior velocidade de acesso, menor latência e granularidade baixa, possibilitam a conexão direta com o barramento do processador. Porém, para a utilização dessa nova tecnologia, também são necessários novos meios de programação para garantir a consistência dos dados. Neste contexto, este trabalho mostra a utilização da biblioteca Persistent Memory Development Kit (PMDK) da Intel para o desenvolvimento de uma lista ligada simples. São discutidos os desafios com a programação para memória persistente e apresentados resultados iniciais que comparam o desempenho de memória volátil (DRAM) com a Intel Optane DC.
Fast SimEDaPE: Simulation Estimation by Data Patterns Exploration
Authors: Rocha Francisco Wallison , Francesquini Emilio , Cordeiro Daniel
Published: October 2022

In the context of smart cities, solving problems such as pollution, congestion, and public transport, regularly faced by large cities like São Paulo, is not trivial. To tackle those problems researchers often rely on simulations. An example of a smart city simulator is InterSCSimulator, which simulates urban traffic. However, this simulator has limitations regarding its performance in large scale scenarios. SimEDaPE, a technique used to improve simulation performance based on the recurrence of patterns from previous simulations, was proposed in this context. SimEDaPE is still under active development and as such has some performance bottlenecks in some stages, such as the temporal mapping stage. In this work, we propose an improvement to this step of SimEDaPE using optimized libraries (written in C instead of Python), and parallelism. As a result, we obtained a considerable relative performance of 156x, running on 8 cores compared to the reference sequential implementation.
Seismic Wave Stencil Computation Performance Comparison
Authors: Freitas Otávio F. , Cilento Lucas , Guimarães Renato S. , Souza Jaime F. , Senger Hermes , Gomi Edson S.
Published: October 2022

This work aims to provide comparative results between OpenCL and oneAPI performance on FPGAs, GPUs, and CPUs regarding the execution of stencils in the simulation of seismic acoustic wave propagation. Our results show that the naive stencil code performs better on GPU and CPU than FPGA without strong knowledge on how to implement optimizations. Another result is that oneAPI code is easier and faster to implement than OpenCL as it automatically applies some FPGA-specific optimizations at compile time.
The Effect of Training Data Series Length on the Performance of the Tank Model for Transforming Rainfall into Runoff Data Series
Authors: Sulianto Sulianto , Setiono Ernawan , Evanale Orfa Lourina
Published: October 2022

The Tank model by Sugawara is included in the lumped model category. As with other types of lumped models, the effectiveness of the application of the Tank model is largely determined by the parameter optimization method applied and the quantity of training data involved in the calibration process. This article proposes the Tank-DE model to transform rain data series into discharge in a watershed. The Tank-DE model is built from a combination of a simulation equation system based on the Tank model and a multi-parameter optimization equation system based on the Differential evolution (DE) Algorithm. This article also examines the sensitivity analysis of the model to study the effect of the length of the training data series involved in the calibration process on the predictive discharge quality generated by the Tank-DE model. Thus, the minimum length of the training data series can be recommended, related to the application of the model. The results of the analysis show that the Tank-DE model can present the relationship between rainfall data series and daily period discharge very well. The results of the sensitivity analysis show that there is an indication that the longer the training data series, the more quantitatively positive impact on the performance of the model. The calibration process involving a training data set for 1 year produces a very good value of the coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.94), but the indicator decreases drastically at the validation stage. The calibration process involving a relatively long training data series produces a more consistent value of the coefficient of determination. This indicates that the Tank-DE model can be an alternative solution to solve the problem of scarcity of discharge data series which is a classic problem in water resource development activities.
Sciences participatives sur l’île de la Réunion : quand le Busard de Maillard Circus maillardi J. Verreaux, 1862 fédère bénévoles et professionnels
Authors: COUTURIER Thibaut , CHIRON Damien , FERRET Pierrick , LAURENT Nicolas , CORNULIER Thomas , VILLERS Alexandre , BESNARD Aurélien , SALAMOLARD Marc , COUZI François-Xavier , AUGIRON Steve
Published: October 2022

Les programmes en sciences participatives dans le domaine de l’écologie se sont amplement développés depuis les années 2000 en France. La diversité de compétences des participants à de tels programmes peut toutefois constituer un frein dans la conception de protocoles complexes. Le programme FEDER pour la conservation du Busard de Maillard Circus maillardi J. Verreaux, 1862 sur l’île de la Réunion avait pour ambition de répondre à plusieurs questions scientifiques, dont certaines nécessitaient l’utilisation de méthodologies avancées, notamment pour corriger les problèmes de biais de détection. Nous avons alors conçu un protocole en plusieurs étapes à destination de bénévoles, de professionnels et d’étudiants aux compétences en ornithologie variées. Parmi 150 personnes initialement inscrites à ce programme, 103 ont effectivement collecté des données en mai et juin 2017 sur 330 « postes d’observation » déployés sur toute l’île. Elles avaient été préalablement formées en salle puis sur le terrain afin d’homogénéiser leurs compétences en ornithologie et de s’assurer auprès d’elles de la bonne compréhension des objectifs et du protocole de collecte de données. À l’issue de l’opération de collecte des données sur le terrain, un questionnaire a été soumis aux observateurs afin de recueillir leurs impressions sur les aspects positifs de la démarche et les difficultés rencontrées. 71 participants y ont répondu. Nous détaillons ici les différentes étapes qui ont permis de concevoir puis de déployer ce protocole et nous analysons ses forces et faiblesses, en termes de constitution et de fidélisation d’un réseau de participants. Cette analyse est à l’usage des concepteurs d’autres programmes de sciences participatives. Nous insistons en particulier sur le rôle de l’animation pour garantir le succès d’un tel programme.
Float Foundation Enables Environmental Benefits for Offshore Industry
Authors: Bergman Ted , Välitalo Heikki , Hirsimäki Rami , Rautaheimo Patrik
Published: October 2022

The world’s demand to decrease carbon dioxide emissions causes that energy production areas will substantially grow to offshore applications. The growth of offshore wind will be rapid.

Elomatic have innovated a solution where the complete wind turbine including float foundation can be built as on-shore construction. The unit including wind turbine installed is floated to offshore location and lowered to seabed as one complete unit. The steel structure used in the float foundation may offer new business potential for the traditional ship building industry used to handling bigger steel constructions.

The solution is to major parts eliminating noise to sea life from hammering used in monopile structures. At end of lifespan the whole unit can be re-floated and thus no waste is left in the environment and the used steel can be recycled.

While traditional offshore wind farm building requires water depths for the jack-up vessels to operate, the float foundation can be towed with tugboats to also shallower areas, opening up completely new potential areas for wind park construction. Of course this concept can be utilized also in water depths currently in use with for example monopiles.

The growth of energy production per farm will require energy conversion units offshore, where transformers, HVDC, or hydrogen and synthetic P2X fuels are produced. A pipeline to shore may be utilized or ships may come and refuel at the offshore production and storage facility. Also in this case technologies such as monopiles or for the bigger footprint man made rock islands can be replaced with the float foundations, once again enabling minor environmental impact with minimal dredging and seabed excavations. The total footprint may also be reduced since no extra lay down space is needed during the construction phase.

Northern areas with high energy demands can be expected to grow and in these area solutions withstanding ice conditions is required. Steel constructions used have the benefits over traditional rock island that no repair of ice barriers is needed after each winter, thus reducing the life cycle cost.

Moving the construction phase from off-shore to on-shore will reduce cost but also reduce many of the risks associated with offshore construction.

When the industry grows the produced electricity is going to be converted into P2X fuels at the offshore location. As a result new logistic chains will be introduced and these can be considered in the design of the energy island.

The Float Foundation solution utilizes the know-how from marine and off-shore industries. The huge growth in the green offshore industry is an area where the maritime industry may find new growth potential.
ПОВЕЉА ВЕЛИКОГ ВОЈВОДЕ ХРВОЈА ВУКЧИЋА ШИБЕНИКУ
Authors: Исаиловић Невен
Published: October 2022

Велики војвода Хрвоје Вукчић Хрватинић, у својству генералног викара краља Ладислава Напуљског за Далмацију и Хрватску, на молбу представника шибенске комуне Ивана Тавилића, Стјепана Матијева и Ивана Мишића, потврђује права која су Шибенику доделили угарски краљеви, а посебно Лајош 1357. године, додајући им и нове повластице, под условом да буду верни краљу Ладиславу. Комуни се потврђују сви поседи и дају млинови на Крки око Скрадинског бука, свим Власима забрањује се улазак на територију градског дистрикта, уклања се утврђење подигнуто на шибенској територији, поништавају се сви преступи, посебно они против краља Ладислава, а Шибенику се додељују нови поседи у жупанији Лука све до линије коју творе река Гудуча, село Чиста и Црква Св. Марије у Репчу (Подребачи), као и три села уз Крку, са обе стране реке – Дриновљане, Присап и Чулишићи.
KLJUČNE DETERMINANTE UPRAVLJANJA INTELEKTUALNIM KAPITALOM UNIVERZITETA
Authors: Krstić Bojan , Rađenović Tamara , Jovanović Milica
Published: October 2022

Poslednjih decenija, uspešno funkcionisanje organizacija sve više zavisi od nematerijalnih, „neopipljivih“ resursa, a sve manju važnost ima materijalna imovina. Ovakve promene utiču i na funkcionisanje i upravljanje u okviru univerziteta. Savremeni univerziteti, prihvatanjem koncepta upravljanja intelektualnim kapitalom, mogu unaprediti svoju konkurentsku poziciju, ne samo na nacionalnom, već i na globalnom nivou. Cilj rada je da prikaže moguće metode za upravljanje intelektualnim resursima na univerzitetima, koji predlažu određene indikatore za praćenje razvoja ove imovine univerziteta. Takođe, ukazaće se i na mogućnosti merenja resursa znanja i drugih segmenata intelektualnog kapitala univerziteta, kao i na moguće načine izveštavanja o ovim vrednim resursima, u savremenim uslovima.
Hunting
Authors: Dizard Jan E. , Zeiss Stange Mary
Published: October 2022

The history of hunting, from Stone Age hunter-gatherers to today's sport hunters.

Hunting has a long history, beginning with our hominid ancestors. The invention of the spear allowed early humans to graduate from scavenging to actual hunting. The famous cave paintings at Lascaux show a meticulous knowledge of animal behavior and anatomy that only a hunter would have. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series traces the evolution of hunting, from Stone Age hunting and gathering to today's regulated sport hunting.

Humans have been hunting since we became human—but did hunting make us human? The authors consider and question the “hunting hypothesis of human origins,” noting that according to this theory, “hunting” meant hunting by men. They explore hunting in the Stone Age and how, beginning some ten thousand years ago, the spread of agriculture led to the emergence of empires and attempts by elites to monopolize hunting. They examine the democratization of hunting in the American colonies and how hunters decimated, but then, in the twentieth century, rallied to save game animals from extinction. They describe how some European and postcolonial societies have managed wildlife and hunting, consider the difficulties of living with abundant wildlife—even as many nongame species are disappearing—and trace the implications of the increasing participation of women in hunting for the future of hunting.
Digital Lethargy
Authors: Hu Tung-Hui
Published: October 2022

The exhaustion, disappointment, and listlessness experienced under digital capitalism, explored through works by contemporary artists, writers, and performers.

Sometimes, interacting with digital platforms, we want to be passive—in those moments of dissociation when we scroll mindlessly rather than connecting with anyone, for example, or when our only response is a shrugging “lol.” Despite encouragement by these platforms to “be yourself,” we want to be anyone but ourselves. Tung-Hui Hu calls this state of exhaustion, disappointment, and listlessness digital lethargy. This condition permeates our lives under digital capitalism, whether we are “users,” who are what they click, or racialized workers in Asia and the Global South. Far from being a state of apathy, however, lethargy may hold the potential for social change.

Hu explores digital lethargy through a series of works by contemporary artists, writers, and performers. These dispatches from the bleeding edge of digital culture include a fictional dystopia where low-wage Mexican workers laugh and emote for white audiences; a group that invites lazy viewers to strap their Fitbits to a swinging metronome, faking fitness and earning a discount on their health insurance premiums; and a memoir of burnout in an Amazon warehouse. These works dwell within the ordinariness and even banality of digital life, redirecting our attention toward moments of thwarted agency. Lethargy, writes Hu, is a drag: it weighs down our ability to rush to solutions and forces us to talk about the unresolved present.
Agency is an illusion
Authors: Magerøy Solveig Maria
Published: October 2022

This article investigates student teachers’ perceptions and experiences in teacher education regarding codetermination and participation as a part of education for democracy and citizenship, along with how they visualize their future teaching in this interdisciplinary theme as teachers in schools. The data material includes 16 extensive interviews with six student teachers in their final year of teacher education in Norway. The results demonstrate a discrepancy between their perceptions and praxis concerning participation. First, the student teachers in their last year of teacher education felt the ability to participate in and through their education was present, but they chose not to take advantage of this possibility. They underlined the importance of participation and agency in education for democracy but did not seem to assign the same importance to their involvement in education. Second, when visualizing how to teach democracy and citizenship in schools, they suggested facilitating pupils’ self-determination in situations where the pupils’ decisions and participation do not change or impact anything. In so doing, they described participation and agency as an illusion; something that is important, necessary, and valuable but with no practical implications. The student teachers seemed to transfer this same illusion of pupils’ agency and participation in their planned teaching in the future.
Studying kinematic linkage of finger joints: estimation of kinematics of distal interphalangeal joints during manipulation
Authors: Roda-Sales Alba , Sancho-Bru Joaquín L. , Vergara Margarita
Published: October 2022

The recording of hand kinematics during product manipulation is challenging, and certain degrees of freedom such as distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints are difficult to record owing to limitations of the motion capture systems used. DIP joint kinematics could be estimated by taking advantage of its kinematic linkage with proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and metacarpophalangeal joints. This work analyses this linkage both in free motion conditions and during the performance of 26 activities of daily living. We have studied the appropriateness of different types of linear regressions (several combinations of independent variables and constant coefficients) and sets of data (free motion and manipulation data) to obtain equations to estimate DIP joints kinematics both in free motion and manipulation conditions. Errors that arise when estimating DIP joint angles assuming linear relationships using the equations obtained both from free motion data and from manipulation data are compared for each activity of daily living performed. Estimation using manipulation condition equations implies a lower mean absolute error per task (from 5.87° to 13.67°) than using the free motion ones (from 9° to 17.87°), but it fails to provide accurate estimations when passive extension of DIP joints occurs while PIP is flexed. This work provides evidence showing that estimating DIP joint angles is only recommended when studying free motion or grasps where both joints are highly flexed and when using linear relationships that consider only PIP joint angles.
Regulatory mechanisms of fatty acids biosynthesis in Armeniaca sibirica seed kernel oil at different developmental stages
Authors: Wu Yueliang , Gao Wenya , Li Xinli , Sun Shilin , Xu Jian , Shi Xiaoqiong , Guo Huiyan
Published: October 2022

Background

Armeniaca sibirica seed kernel oil is rich in oleic acid and linoleic acid, thus holding potential value as a source of high-quality edible oils. However, some regulatory factors involved in fatty acids accumulation in A. sibirica seed kernels remain largely elusive. Thus, the aim of this study was to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying fatty acids biosynthesis in A. sibirica developing seed kernels.

Methods

Seed kernels from six plants from a single A. sibirica clone were taken at five different developmental stages (days 30, 41, 52, 63, and 73 after anthesis). Fatty acid composition in seed kernel oil was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, transcriptome analysis was conducted using second-generation sequencing (SGS) and single-molecule real-time sequencing (SMRT).

Results

Rapid accumulation of fatty acids occurred throughout the different stages of seed kernels development, with oleic acid and linoleic acid as the main fatty acids. A total of 10,024, 9,803, 6,004, 6,719 and 9,688 unigenes were matched in the Nt, Nr, KOG, GO and KEGG databases, respectively. In the category lipid metabolism, 228 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated into 13 KEGG pathways. Specific unigenes encoding 12 key enzymes related to fatty acids biosynthesis were determined. Co-expression network analysis identified 11 transcription factors (TFs) and 13 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which putatively participate in the regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis. This study provides insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of fatty acids biosynthesis in A. sibirica developing seed kernels, and enabled the identification of novel candidate factors for future improvement of the production and quality of seed kernel oil by breeding.
Mathematical Model on the Dynamics of Bacterial Blight of Rice in the Presence of Lysobacter antibioticus Considering Introduction at Different Stages
Authors: Andrew Agada Apeh , Musa Samuel , Adee Solomon Ortwer
Published: October 2022

In this research we formulated the Plants diseases model with the aim of studying the dynamics of the use of lysobacter antibioticus for prevention and control of rice bacterial blight. The disease free equilibrium state of the models was also obtained by equating each of the equation of the modified model to zero and simplifying. The basic reproduction number for the model was derived using the next generation matrix approach. Numerical simulation was carried out using MATLAB2018a to virtualize the dynamics of the model. Five numerical experiment was carried out and it was shown that biocontrol help to reduce the population of the pathogen as well as act as treatment for those that are already exposed or infected with the disease. It was also observed that the biocontrol agent provide immunity to rice plants against been infected with the disease. Finally, we observed from the simulation that the earlier the control is introduced the more protection plants will receive.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) on Nutrition among Rural Farm Women of Chickballapur District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Geetha K. , Yankanchi Geetha M. , Sunitha A. B. , Shigihalli Sneha
Published: October 2022

The present study was carried out with the objectives to assess Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of rural farm women on nutrition along with personal, socio economic profile. A total of 200 rural farm women from five villages of Shidlaghatta block, Chickballapur district, Karnataka, India were selected purposively for the study as Chikkaballapur district falls in the Eastern dry climatic zone and about 76% of the net sown area is under rainfed condition. Random sampling technique was used for the selection of the respondents. The data on socio-economic status, personnel characteristics and nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of the subjects were collected through a pre tested questionnaire. Study results reveals that 44.5% of the rural farm women belongs to middle age, 28.0% had high school education followed by 24.0% illiterate. Majority (93.0%) are married, most (63.5%) of them have agriculture as main occupation, More than half (53.0%) belongs to nuclear family, 47.5% have small family, nearly three fourth (69.0%) have 2-4 earners in the family. About 53.5% have marginal land holdings followed by 27.5% small, 65.0% belong to medium family income, 65.5% had medium mass media exposure, and 70.5% had medium level of extension contact. More than one third (34.5 %) of the rural farm women had high knowledge, followed by low (33.5%) and medium (32.0%). Thirty six percent had less favorable attitude towards nutrition, whereas 34.0% had favorable attitude and 30.0% had more favorable attitude. In case of nutrition practice 40.0% had poor practice, 35.5% had fair practice, and 24.5% had good practice. From present study it is concluded that there was more knowledge of rural farm women on nutritional aspects, less favorable attitude and poor practice of nutrition. Hence, intervention strategies like promotion of Nutri-gardens in Schools, Households and the rural Community, promotion of Nutri-sensitive crops or biofortified crops to address the malnutrition, promotion of Nutrition Thali through integrated farming system model, Awareness programmes or modules to educate the farm families for cultivation of nutri crops or bio-fortified crops and their nutritional importance and Nutritional deficiencies and its prevention through ICT, skill trainings for development of value added products or Nutrification of traditional recipes, encourage farm families to develop value added products and establish microenterprises to achieve economic security, convergence with all line departments (Women and Child welfare, Agriculture, Horticulture, Fisheries, livestock departments, health department etc.) for achieving the food, nutrition and health security of rural farm women.
Nursing care and clinical manifestations of hiv positive pregnant women: literature review / Cuidados de enfermagem e manifestações clínicas de gestantes HIV positivo: revisão da literatura
Authors: Freire de Araújo Patrício Anna Cláudia , Martins Gonçalves Thayna , Laura Souza Ana , De Sousa Gonçalves Isabella
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: identificar os cuidados de enfermagem necessários às gestantes com HIV partindo das manifestações clínicas encontradas em revisão da literatura. Método: revisão na literatura realizada na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e na Medline/Pubmed, entre abril e junho do ano 2021.Resultados: quanto aos cuidados de enfermagem 24(50%) referiram acompanhar e orientar no tratamento da terapia antirretroviral; 14(29,2%) orientar quanto aos cuidados; principal manifestação clínica/alteração com 13(27%) foi o medo do julgamento, transmissão vertical, efeitos da terapia antirretroviral, de morrer, de infecções oportunistas, estigma, discriminação, complicação obstétrica. Quanto aos diagnósticos de enfermagem destaca-se o medo relacionado a cenário pouco conhecido evidenciado por apreensão, sensação de medo e foco direcionado para a fonte do medo. Conclusão: os cuidados de enfermagem direcionados a gestante diagnosticada com HIV contribuirão para uma assistência mais assertiva, eficaz, inclusiva e respeitosa.
Association of Household Deprivation, Comorbidities, and COVID-19 Hospitalization in Children in Germany, January 2020 to July 2021
Authors: Dragano Nico , Dortmann Olga , Timm Jörg , Mohrmann Matthias , Wehner Rosemarie , Rupprecht Christoph J. , Scheider Maria , Mayatepek Ertan , Wahrendorf Morten
Published: October 2022

Importance

Adults in disadvantaged socioeconomic positions have elevated risks of a severe course of COVID-19, but it is unclear whether this holds true for children.

Objective

To investigate whether young people from disadvantaged households have a higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and whether differences were associated with comorbidities that predispose children to severe courses.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This population-based cohort study included all children and adolescents (aged 0-18 years) who were enrolled in a statutory health insurance carrier in Germany during the observation period of January 1, 2020, to July 13, 2021. Logistic regressions were calculated to compare children from households with and without an indication of poverty. Age, sex, days under observation, nationality, and comorbidities (eg, obesity, diabetes) were controlled for to account for explanatory factors.

Exposures

Disadvantage on the household level was assessed by the employment status of the insurance holder (ie, employed, long- or short-term unemployed, low-wage employment, economically inactive). Socioeconomic characteristics of the area of residence were also assessed.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Daily hospital diagnoses of COVID-19 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes U07.1 and U07.2) were recorded. Comorbidities were assessed using inpatient and outpatient diagnoses contained in the insurance records.

Results

A total of 688 075 children and adolescents were included, with a mean (SD) age of 8.3 (5.8) years and 333 489 (48.4%) female participants. COVID-19 hospital diagnosis was a rare event (1637 participants [0.2%]). Children whose parents were long-term unemployed were 1.36 (95% CI, 1.22-1.51) times more likely than those with employed parents to be hospitalized. Elevated odds were also found for children whose parents had low-wage employment (odds ratio, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.58). Those living in low-income areas had 3.02 (95% CI, 1.73-5.28) times higher odds of hospitalization than those in less deprived areas. Comorbidities were associated with hospitalization, but their adjustment did not change main estimates for deprivation.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, children who had parents who were unemployed and those who lived in low-income areas were at higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization. This finding suggests that attention must be paid to children with SARS-CoV-2 from vulnerable families and closer monitoring should be considered. A number of explanatory factors, including comorbidities, were taken into account, but their analysis yielded no clear picture about underlying processes.
Giant and Robust Anomalous Nernst Effect in a Polycrystalline Topological Ferromagnet at Room Temperature
Authors: Feng Zili , Minami Susumu , Akamatsu Shuhei , Sakai Akito , Chen Taishi , Nishio‐Hamane Daisuke , Nakatsuji Satoru
Published: October 2022

Recent discoveries of the topological magnets have opened a new path for developing a much simpler thermoelectric conversion module using the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE). To accelerate such innovation, it is essential to design materials suitable for industrial processes, and thus a high‐ANE polycrystalline material has been highly desired. Recently, the giant room‐temperature ANE has been reported in single crystals of the topological ferromagnet Fe3Ga. Owning to its cubic structure, the anomalous Hall effect and ANE are isotropic. These properties potentially allow to employ a polycrystalline form of the material to design an ANE‐based thermopile. Here, a giant and robust room‐temperature ANE in the polycrystalline FexGa4−x (2.96 < x < 3.15) is reported, which can be enhanced up to 5.4 µV K−1; this value hits the highest room‐temperature record for polycrystalline magnets. Comparison of the experimental results with the theoretical study of the Fe‐doping effect on the transport properties of FexGa4−x reveals that the Fermi energy tuning near the topological nodal‐web structure is the key to enhancing the ANE. Moreover, the large value of more than 5.1 µV K−1 is observed for an extended region of composition, confirming the robust characteristics of the topological electronic structure.
Ionothermal Synthesis of Fully Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks for High‐Capacity and Ultrastable Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yang Xiya , Gong Lei , Wang Kang , Ma Sihang , Liu Wenping , Li Bowen , Li Ning , Pan Houhe , Chen Xin , Wang Hailong , Liu Jiemin , Jiang Jianzhuang
Published: October 2022

Fully aromatic conjugated covalent organic frameworks (FAC‐COFs) with excellent physicochemical stability have been emerging as active semiconductors for diverse potential applications. Developing efficient synthesis methods for fabricating FAC‐COFs will significantly facilitate the exploration over their material and photonic/electronic functionalities. Herein, a facile solvent‐free strategy is developed for the synthesis of 2D phthalocyanine‐based FAC‐COFs (FAC‐Pc‐COFs). Cyclopolymerization of benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]bis[1,4]benzodioxin‐2,3,9,10‐tetracarbonitrile (BBTC) and quinoxalino[2′,3′:9,10]phenanthro[4,5‐abc]phenazine‐6,7,15,16‐tetracarbonitrile (QPPTC) in ZnCl2 leads to the fast formation and isolation of BB‐FAC‐Pc‐COF and QPP‐FAC‐Pc‐COF, respectively. Powder X‐ray diffraction and electron microscopy analysis reveal their crystalline nature with sql topology and AA stacking configuration. Thermogravimetric analysis and immersion experiment indicate their excellent stability. The conductivity test demonstrates their high conductivity of 0.93–1.94 × 10−4 S cm−1 owing to the fully π‐conjugated electronic structural nature. In particular, the as‐prepared FAC‐Pc‐COFs show high‐performance K+ storage in potassium‐ion batteries due to their excellent conductivity, highly ordered and robust structure, and N/O‐rich framework nature. Impressively, QPP‐FAC‐Pc‐COF shows a large reversible capacity of 424 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 50 mA g−1 and a capacity retention of nearly 100% at 2000 mA g−1 for over 10 000 cycles.
Silane‐Modified Mesoporous Silica Nanocoatings for Selective Mid‐Infrared Waveguide‐Based Gas Sensing
Authors: Al Husseini Diana , Zhou Junchao , Li Junyan , Gutierrez‐Osuna Ricardo , Coté Gerard L. , Lin Pao Tai , Sukhishvili Svetlana A.
Published: October 2022

This paper reports the use of silane monolayers of different polarities to enable recognition and selective interfacial enrichment of nonpolar versus polar gases for spectroscopic mid‐infrared (MIR) on‐chip sensing.  However, detection of gases using on‐chip waveguides (WGs) is challenging because of the low concentrations of gas molecules within the evanescent field surrounding the WGs. To solve this issue, high‐surface‐area, precisely‐controlled‐thickness nanocoatings are introduced whose surface modification with strategically selected silanes enables control of preferential adsorption and concentration of polar versus nonpolar gas analytes. Conformal nanocoatings are constructed using layer‐by‐layer deposition of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) at substrate withdrawal speeds controlled within the capillary regime. Surface modification of the WG‐immobilized MSNs with hydrophobic triethoxy(octyl)silane enables, for the first time, enhanced sensitivity and selectivity towards nonpolar methane gas as compared to its polar counterpart acetone. On the other hand, modification of the nanocoatings with (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane leads to preferential binding of polar acetone vapors. This work demonstrates the capability of interfacial modification for controlling the selection and enhancement of the spectroscopic features of gas analytes with different polarities. The developed interfacial assemblies can enable diverse spectroscopic gas sensing platforms for applications in health diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and process control.
Combined Experimental and Simulation Studies of Lithium and Cobalt‐Modified TiO2 and Their Impacts on the Performance and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Smerchit Thapanut , Thongprong Non , Ruengsrisang Waranchit , Adam Ibrahim Muhammad , Soe Kay Thi , Thansamai Somya , Chanlek Narong , Nakajima Hideki , Supruangnet Ratchadaporn , Saetang Viboon , Kaewprajak Anusit , Supasai Thidarat , Rujisamphan Nopporn
Published: October 2022

Posttreatment of titanium oxide (TiO2) using lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co) precursors is widely adopted to modify the charge quenching property in perovskite solar cells (PSCs); however, the fundamental understanding of the effect of the modification layer on the material itself and, consequently, the photovoltaic performance stability is not complete. In this work, in situ X‐ray diffraction measurements show that the Li and Co ions can diffuse into TiO2 and consequently accelerate the rutile phase transformation. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal the appearance of a Ti3+ feature in both the Li‐ and Co‐treated samples, suggesting that the treatment ions are partially located at the subsurface/surface of the spin‐cast TiO2 layer. The Li‐treated TiO2 exhibits greatly upshifted conduction band edges, which benefits charge extraction properties and improves the average device parameters in a complete PSC. To complement the experiments, density functional theory calculations are performed. While Li treatment initially results in enhanced electronic properties, Li‐treated TiO2 tends to have more surface vacancies over time and is more susceptible to adsorption and accumulation of iodide ions compared to the Co‐treated sample, which is experimentally supported by surface photovoltage spectroscopy and time‐resolved photoluminescence results.
Single‐Crystalline Ge1−xSnx/Si p–n Heterojunction Photodiodes with Sn Compositions up to 10%
Authors: An Shu , Huang Yi‐Chiau , Wu Chen‐Ying , Huang Po‐Rei , Chang Guo‐En , Lai Junyu , Seo Jung‐Hun , Kim Munho
Published: October 2022

GeSn/Si heterojunction photodiodes are attractive because they can extend light detection wavelength range. However, the development of such photodiodes via epitaxial growth faces great challenges due to unavoidable issues such as lattice and thermal mismatches between Si and GeSn. Here, print Si nanomembranes are transferred on GeSn/Ge/Si substrates to form the GeSn/Si heterojunction photodiodes. The p‐Ge0.977Sn0.023/n‐Si heterojunction photodiodes exhibit a good rectifying behavior with a low dark current density of 40 mA cm−2and responsivity of 0.41 A W−1at 1550 nm under a reverse bias of −2 V. In addition, the detection wavelength range of p‐Ge0.9Sn0.1/n‐Si is extended to 2100 nm because of the increased Sn composition. The bandgap calculation of as‐grown GeSn with various Sn compositions is carried out. It confirms that the enhanced responsivity and extended detection wavelength ranges are attributed to the reduced bandgap from 750 to 601 meV when the Sn composition is increased from 2.3% to 10%. The result shows that the transfer printing of a freestanding single‐crystalline Si nanomembrane to a bulk GeSn/Ge/Si substrate can provide an excellent alternative route for realizing GeSn/Si heterojunction photodiodes.
Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells Reach Over 13% with Inclusion of N‐Doped Graphene Oxide in Active, Hole‐Transport, and Interfacial Layers
Authors: Mahmoudi Tahmineh , Kohan Mohammadhosein , Rho Won‐Yeop , Wang Yousheng , Im Yeon Ho , Hahn Yoon‐Bong
Published: October 2022

Tin‐based perovskite (Sn‐PS) is one of the most promising candidates in lead‐free perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but its poor stability and low power conversion efficiency (PCE) have been the main bottleneck towards further development. Here, to develop a stable and efficient Sn‐based PSC, nitrogen‐doped graphene oxide (NxGO) has been, for the first time, incorporated in active, hole‐transport and interfacial layers. The inclusion of NxGO slowed the crystallization of Sn‐PS and suppressed the Sn2+/Sn4+ oxidation, resulting in pinhole‐free dense films having large grains, reduction of recombination loss, well‐matched energy levels, and thereby significantly improving the device performance. Compared to the pristine Sn‐PS cells, the champion devices with NxGO‐based composites in active, hole‐transport, and interfacial layers showed dramatic enhancement of photovoltaic parameters (i.e., open‐circuit voltage = 0.961 V, photocurrent = 21.21 mA cm−2, fill factor = 65.05% and PCE = 13.26%). Furthermore, the NxGO‐based cells without encapsulation showed remarkable improvement of long‐term stability with sustaining 91% of the initial PCE over 60 d, photostability, and reproducibility.
Flame‐Retardant Crosslinked Polymer Stabilizes Graphite–Silicon Composite Anode for Self‐Extinguishing Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gan Yihang , Liu Mingqiang , Tan Rui , Pan Chuye , Liu Lei , Zhou Shucong , Zou Zexin , Chen Guanjun , Xian Linjie , Cheng Xiaolei , Li Linshuo , Li Lun , Ao Weiqin , Yang Jinlong
Published: October 2022

The graphite–silicon composite (GSC) anode materials with high specific capacity and excellent conductivity hold intriguing promise for high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, commercializing GSC is hindered by its poor cyclability and safety issues. Here, a fire‐resistant polymer crosslinked with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) to improve the electrochemical properties and enhance the safety of the GSC anode is designed. The crosslinked polymer not only forms a 3D network structure to strengthen the mechanical properties of the composite electrode but also uniformly covers the electrode surface to effectively minimize the side‐reaction between electrodes and electrolyte, thereby improving its rate capacity and cycling stability. As a result, the GSC/PAA anode crosslinked with 10 wt% APP (GSC/10APP‐PAA) delivers a high capacity of 315 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C and stably operates for 1000 cycles with 0.03% capacity decay cycle−1. More importantly, the peak heat release rate and the total heat release value of GSC/10APP‐PAA anode are significantly depressed from 0.35 to 0.1 J s−1, and from 1.6 to 0.6 J g−1, respectively, thereby reducing the self‐extinguishing time, which proves that the crosslinked polymer plays a fireproof role in the process of the thermal runaway of LIBs.
Germplasm characterization of half‐sib families from seminal matricies of Coffea canephora
Authors: Zaidan Iasmine Ramos , Ferreira Marcia Flores da Silva , Noia Luina Ribeiro , de Arruda Valderson Cabral , Pereira do Couto Diego , Moro Gabriel Lenen Javarini , Silva Matheus Alves , Santos Jônatas Gomes , Braz Ramon Azevedo , Azevedo Camila Ferreira , Ferreira Adésio
Published: October 2022

The genetic diversity of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner present in old seminal crops must be characterized because it represents a source of genetic variability for breeding programs. In this study, the genetic diversity of 388 half‐sib families of C. canephora, collected from Espírito Santo, Brazil, were assessed for their phenotypic traits. The data were obtained in a trial planted in April 2018 with five commercial clones as controls. Vegetative development was evaluated based on plant height, stem diameter, and average height and diameter growth rates. Abiotic (drought) and biotic (rust, leaf miner, and mealybug) stresses were evaluated by a rating scale. The phenotypic variability of the population was detected for all traits, and divergent clusters of families were identified. Negative correlations indicated that adverse conditions hampered the early development of the coffee plants. Groups of families should be investigated for breeding programs according to adequate development even under stressful conditions. These results show the importance of preserving the germplasm of old crops in the south of Espírito Santo as a source of genetic resources for coffee breeding programs. This valuable resource should be maintained and conserved as a strategy to guarantee the sustainability of coffee production.