bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-mode optical chirality extremizations on the incident momentum sphere
Authors: Wang Pengxiang , Chen Yuntian , Liu Wei
Published: August 2023

We study the momentum-space evolutions for chiral optical responses of multi-mode resonators scattering plane waves of varying incident directions. It was revealed, in our previous study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 253901 (2021)10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.253901], that for single-mode resonators the scattering optical chiralities characterized by circular dichroism (CD) are solely decided by the third Stokes parameter distributions of the quasi-normal mode (QNM) radiations: CD = S3. Here we extend the investigations to multi-mode resonators, and explore numerically the dependence of optical chiralities on incident directions from the perspectives of QNM radiations and their circular polarization singularities. In contrast to the single-mode regime, for multi-mode resonators it is discovered that CDs defined in terms of extinction, scattering and absorption generally are different and cannot reach the ideal values of ±1 throughout the momentum sphere. Though the exact correspondence between CD and S3 does not hold anymore in the multi-mode regime, we demonstrate that the positions of the polarization singularities still serve as an efficient guide for identifying those incident directions where the optical chiralities can be extremized.
High-resolution measurement of laser frequency drift using stable delayed self-heterodyne interferometry
Authors: Zhou Langfeng , Wei Wei , Xie Weilin , Dong Yi
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate a laser frequency drift measurement system based on the delayed self-heterodyne technique. To ensure long-term measurement validity, an ultra-stable optical fiber delay line is realized by monitoring and locking the transmission delay of a probe signal with a well-designed phase-locked loop. The frequency stability indicated by overlapping Allan deviation is 6.39 × 10−18 at 1000-s averaging time, ensuring a real-time measurement resolution of 18.6 kHz. After carefully determining the optimal fiber length, a 5-kHz periodic frequency change with a period of merely 0.5 s is easily detected, proving its high frequency resolution and fast response. At last, the frequency drift characteristics of three different lasers after being powered on are investigated. Thanks to its high precision and long-term stability, the proposed method is ideal for monitoring long-term laser frequency evolution with high precision.
Tunability of non-plasmon resonances in e-polarized terahertz wave scattering from microsize graphene strip-on-substrate grating: erratum
Authors: Yevtushenko Fedir O. , Dukhopelnykov Sergii V. , Rapoport Yuriy G. , Zinenko Tatiana L. , Sauleau Ronan , Nosich Alexander I.
Published: August 2023

We correct mistakes in [Opt. Mater. Express 13, 2274 (2023)10.1364/OME.496037]. These corrections lead to the re-phrasing of the conclusions of the original paper.
Reflective liquid density detection method based on cascaded side hole fiber and grating
Authors: Zhang Xirui , Jia Siyu , Mao Mengyu , Cheng Xinyue , Guan Langjing , Tang Weiwei , Zhang Yingyu
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In order to solve the problem that the traditional electronic densimeter, hydrostatic densimeter and vibration densimeter have strong interference in liquid density measurement and the error caused by the equipment posture can not be effectively corrected, a reflective portable liquid density measurement method based on side-hole fiber and grating cascade is proposed through Archimedes buoyancy law and optical principle. Firstly, the pressure difference formed by the equipment in the liquid to be measured causes the change of a reflecting surface and the superposition change of interference light in the grating, the pressure change is calculated through the superposition change, and the density of the liquid to be measured can be preliminarily determined according to the ratio of the pressure change to the reference standard liquid; The attitude error is measured by the attitude detection module based on the MEMS gyroscope and the acceleration sensor, and the accuracy of the density detection is further calibrated. The experimental results show that the portable liquid density detection method based on side-hole fiber grating can effectively improve the precise measurement accuracy, and effectively reduce the accumulation of attitude errors, so that the pressure sensitivity of the double-peak spacing of the side-hole fiber grating can be increased from 5.6pm/MPa to 119.14pm/MPa. Based on MEMS gyroscope and accelerometer, ADXL345 resolution is up to 13 bit, after attitude error compensation, the measured average density deviation is 0. 00023 G/cm3, the maximum density deviation is 0. 0066 G/cm3, which can achieve the measurement accuracy of 0. 001 G/cm3. Meet or exceed existing equipment of the same type for measuring petroleum and non-corrosive liquids. This method provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the quantitative study of liquid density measurement.
Economics, health, or environment: What motivates individual climate action?
Authors: Brown Heidi E. , Austhof Erika , Luz Paula M. , Ferguson Daniel B.
Published: August 2023

Climate change is a major threat to human health, however the role of health in climate change communication is understudied. The goal of this study was to understand how to support individuals’ adoption of climate related mitigation and adaptation activities. We hypothesized the primary motivation for engaging in pro-environmental activities would be unequally distributed across health, economics, or environment motivations. We also hypothesized respondents who felt greater susceptibility and those with higher perceived self-efficacy would adopt more pro-environmental behaviors. In 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional study using Amazon’s MTurk platform. Among the respondents, the most commonly reported activity was alternatives to private vehicles (30% already engaging), while more than two thirds of respondents reported wanting to install solar panels (70.1%) and converting to a high efficiency vehicle (63.2%). Depending on the action, respondents’ reported motivation varied. Economics was common to those who used public transportation and who installed solar paneling; purchasing a high efficiency vehicle was split between environment and economic reasons. Health was the primary motivation for converting to a plant-based diet. The perceived immediacy of climate change impacts was associated with adoption of pro-climate activities as were beliefs around human capacity to mitigate climate change. Despite the growing literature supporting health as a motivation for climate action, economic motivation was more commonly selected among the activities we evaluated. These results could aid the development of more efficient evidence-based communication strategies that would reach various audiences in society.
Novel bioinformatic methods and machine learning approaches reveal candidate biomarkers of the intensity and timing of past exposure to Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Bérubé Sophie , Kobayashi Tamaki , Norris Douglas E. , Ruczinski Ingo , Moss William J. , Wesolowski Amy , Louis Thomas A.
Published: August 2023

Accurately quantifying the burden of malaria over time is an important goal of malaria surveillance efforts and can enable effective targeting and evaluation of interventions. Malaria surveillance methods capture active or recent infections which poses several challenges to achieving malaria surveillance goals. In high transmission settings, asymptomatic infections are common and therefore accurate measurement of malaria burden demands active surveillance; in low transmission regions where infections are rare accurate surveillance requires sampling large subsets of the population; and in any context monitoring malaria burden over time necessitates serial sampling. Antibody responses toPlasmodium falciparumparasites persist after infection and therefore measuring antibodies has the potential to overcome several of the current obstacles to accurate malaria surveillance. Identifying which antibody responses are markers of the timing and intensity of past exposure toP. falciparumremains challenging, particularly among adults who tend to be re-exposed multiple times over the course of their lifetime and therefore have similarly high antibody responses to manyPlasmodiumantigens. A previous analysis of 479 serum samples from individuals in three regions in southern Africa with different historical levels ofP. falciparummalaria transmission (high, intermediate, and low) revealed regional differences in antibody responses toP. falciparumantigens among children under 5 years of age. Using a novel bioinformatic pipeline optimized for protein microarrays that minimizes between-sample technical variation, we used antibody responses toPlasmodiumantigens as predictors in random forest models to classify samples from adults into these three regions of differing historical malaria transmission with high accuracy (AUC = 0.99). Many of the most important antigens for classification in these models do not overlap with previously published results and are therefore novel candidate markers for the timing and intensity of past exposure toP. falciparum. Measuring antibody responses to these antigens could lead to improved malaria surveillance.
Personal values and people’s attitudes toward older adults
Authors: Fong Joelle H. , Wang Ting-Yan
Published: August 2023

Background

We examine the relationship between people’s personal values and their attitudes toward older adults. In addition to the two conventionally-used measures of personal values (agency subdimension and communion subdimension), we distinguish across 10 different value types and explore how each impacts attitude.

Methods

We use data from the World Values Survey for three aging Asian societies, namely Japan (N= 2448), Singapore (N= 1972), and Hong Kong PRC (N= 1000). For each sample, we perform regression-based analyses to assess the relative importance of the 10 value types in explaining people’s attitudes towards older adults. Results are then compared against regressions based on the two aggregate value measures.

Results

In all three economies, the agency subdimension was a more consistent predictor of unfavorable attitudes toward older adults, as compared to the communion subdimension. Our disaggregated analysis reveals two additional insights. First, the positive association between agentic values and attitudes was driven predominantly by the power (wealth) and stimulation (excitement) value types. Second, the lack of association between the communion subdimension and attitudes must be interpreted with caution since certain value types within this subdimension may act in opposite directions causing effects to cancel each other out at the aggregate level.

Conclusions

Disaggregating personal value types provides greater prognostic power than the two aggregate measures, as well as insights on ways to improve people’s attitudes toward older adults. Interventions aimed at reducing ageist attitudes in aging societies can target individuals with agentic traits by emphasizing notions of power (e.g., older adults’ economic success) and stimulation (e.g., positive images of older adults learning new things).
“Because of COVID…”: The impacts of COVID-19 on First Nation people accessing the HIV cascade of care in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Larcombe Linda , Ringaert Laurie , Restall Gayle , McLeod Albert , Hydesmith Elizabeth , Favel Ann , Morris Melissa , Payne Michael , Souleymanov Rusty , Keynan Yoav , MacDonald Kelly , Singer Matthew , Star Jared , Orr Pamela
Published: August 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020-May 2023) had a profound effect around the world with vulnerable people being particularly affected, including worsening existing health inequalities. This article explores the impact of the pandemic on health services for First Nations people living with HIV (FN-PWLE) in Manitoba, Canada. This study investigated perceptions of both health care providers and FN-PWLE through qualitative interviews occurring between July 2020 and February 2022 to understand their experience and identify lessons learned that could be translated into health system changes.

Methods

Using a qualitative, participatory-action, intentional decolonizing approach for this study we included an Indigenous knowledge keeper and Indigenous research associates with lived experience as part of the study team. A total of twenty-five [25] in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with eleven healthcare providers (HCPs) and fourteen First Nation people with lived HIV experience (FN-PWLE). In total, 18/25 or 72% of the study participants self-identified as First Nation people.

Results

The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted health services access for FN-PWLE, a) disrupted relationships between FN-PWLE and healthcare providers, b) disrupted access to testing, in-person appointments, and medications, and c) intersectional stigma was compounded. Though, the COVID-19 pandemic also led to positive effects, including the creation of innovative solutions for the health system overall.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic exaggerated pre-existing barriers and facilitators for Manitoba FN-PWLE accessing and using the healthcare system. COVID-19 impacted health system facilitators such as relationships and supports, particularly for First Nation people who are structurally disadvantaged and needing more wrap-around care to address social determinants of health. Innovations during times of crisis, included novel ways to improve access to care and medications, illustrated how the health system can quickly provide solutions to long-standing barriers, especially for geographical barriers. Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic should be considered for improvements to the health system’s HIV cascade of care for FN-PWLE and other health system improvements for First Nations people with other chronic diseases and conditions. Finally, this study illustrates the value of qualitative and First Nation decolonizing research methods. Further studies are needed, working together with First Nations organizations and communities, to apply these recommendations and innovations to change health care and people’s lives.
Characterisation of putative class 1A DHODH-like proteins from Mucorales and dematiaceous mould species
Authors: Pinder Corinne , Lebedinec Ressa , Levine Tim P. , Birch Mike , Oliver Jason D.
Published: August 2023

Olorofim is a new antifungal in clinical development which has a novel mechanism of action against dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). DHODH form a ubiquitous family of enzymes in thede novopyrimidine biosynthetic pathway and are split into class 1A, class 1B and class 2. Olorofim specifically targets the fungal class 2 DHODH present in a range of pathogenic moulds. The nature and number of DHODH present in many fungal species have not been addressed for large clades of this kingdom. Mucorales species do not respond to olorofim; previous work suggests they have only class 1A DHODH and so lack the class 2 target that olorofim inhibits. The dematiaceous moulds have mixed susceptibility to olorofim, yet previous analyses imply that they have class 2 DHODH. As this is at odds with their intermediate susceptibility to olorofim, we hypothesised that these pathogens may maintain a second class of DHODH, facilitating pyrimidine biosynthesis in the presence of olorofim. The aim of this study was to investigate the DHODH repertoire of clinically relevant species of Mucorales and dematiaceous moulds to further characterise these pathogens and understand variations in olorofim susceptibility. Using bioinformatic analysis,S.cerevisiaecomplementation and biochemical assays of recombinant protein, we provide the first evidence that two representative members of the Mucorales have only class 1A DHODH, substantiating a lack of olorofim susceptibility. In contrast, bioinformatic analyses initially suggested that seven dematiaceous species appeared to harbour both class 1A-like and class 2-like DHODH genes. However, further experimental investigation of the putative class 1A-like genes through yeast complementation and biochemical assays characterised them as dihydrouracil oxidases rather than DHODHs. These data demonstrate variation in dematiaceous mould olorofim susceptibility is not due to a secondary DHODH and builds on the growing picture of fungal dihydrouracil oxidases as an example of horizontal gene transfer.
Changes in the prevalence of dementia in Australia and its association with geographic remoteness
Authors: Haque Rezwanul , Alam Khorshed , Gow Jeff , Neville Christine
Published: August 2023

Background

The exact prevalence of dementia in Australia is ambiguous. Australia is a vast continent with a small population, and 80% of the population live in five cities. This study explores recent changes in the prevalence of dementia. It also investigates geographic remoteness as a potential risk factor for developing dementia.

Methods

Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers (SDAC), a nationally representative database, was used to conduct this study. A total of 74,862 and 65,487 individuals from 2015 and 2018, respectively, were considered for this study. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between dementia and geographic remoteness for older adults aged 65 years and over.

Results

The results reveal that from 2015 to 2018, the prevalence of dementia among adults aged 65 years and older was higher in 2018 (5,229 per 100,000) than in 2015 (5,099 per 100,000). Significant geographical differences in the prevalence of dementia are observed among Australian adults, and this trend appears to be increasing. Furthermore, the unadjusted model revealed that, in 2015, older adults living in major cities had 1.29 (AOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.17–1.41) times higher odds of having dementia compared with their counterparts from outer regional and remote areas. In 2018, the adjusted model found that older adults living in major cities had 1.12 (AOR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01–1.25) times elevated odds of having dementia than their peers living in outer regional and remote areas.

Conclusion

There is a rising prevalence of dementia in Australia. Further investigation is required to identify the causes of this increase. Increased public health initiatives should concentrate on behavioural characteristics and contextual environmental factors to ameliorate this trend.
Ma Vie en (Etats) Rouges (‘My life in red [states]’)
Authors: Drushel Bruce E.
Published: August 2023

The cancellation of a student-sponsored drag show by the president of a public university in Texas was one of a number of recent moves by officials in so-called ‘red states’ in the United States targeting sexual and gender diversity and reproductive rights. Those actions are part of broader assaults on diversity, equity and inclusion efforts at state-supported institutions that may be seen as attempts at reinforcing traditional social power structures. Moreover, they seek to push into hiding legitimate and constitutionally protected cultural practices that are imbedded in the heritage of the LGBTQ+ communities. They stand in sharp contrast to the work of this journal, which celebrates difference and inclusiveness, and which has devoted significant space to such subjects as post-human drag, trans* invisibility, and gender fluidity and disruption. That important work continues in the pages of this issue.
You better work! Drag queen performativity and visibility on #dragqueen TikTok
Authors: Stein Krysten
Published: August 2023

The 2000s brought the proliferation of drag culture in the United States with RuPaul’s Drag Race, drag brunches and drag cabaret performances. In addition to the televisual, specifically reality television, drag queens also have gained visibility on a plethora of social networking sites like TikTok. Moreover, TikTok has gained rapid popularity with young adults since its international inception in 2016. Given that a large majority of TikTok users are in a pivotal stage of identity development, it is crucial to explore and analyse how marginalized groups, such as drag queens, present themselves and who has visibility on the platform. By applying visual thematic analysis and quantitative content analysis to #dragqueen and #drag TikTok videos, I found that TikTok as a platform makes White femme drag the most visible form of drag, and hegemonic performances of femininity (which are racialized and associated with Whiteness) are more likely to gain higher levels of engagement.
Desert Hearts, Donna Deitch (Dir.) (1985), USA: Desert Heart Productions and Samuel Goldwyn Company
Authors: Carvalho Ana Bessa
Published: August 2023

Review of: Desert Hearts, Donna Deitch (Dir.) (1985), USA: Desert Heart Productions and Samuel Goldwyn Company
Who Would Be Willing to Pay for Energy Transition?: Comparing the Factors for the Public's Willingness to Pay for Transition to Renewable Energy and Nuclear Power
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Joe Surkhwan , Hwang Joo Sung , Kim Seoyong
Published: August 2023

This study aims to analyze what factors influence WTP(Willing To Pay) for cost of development of renewable energy and nuclear power energy. Our research based on the survey data. Our main findings are, first, the public shows a higher willingness to pay(WTP) for renewable energy than that fossil and nuclear energy. Second, WTP for renewable energy is deeply related to not only renewable energy factors such as perceived risk (-), positive image(+) and trust (+), but also fossil energy factors such as perceived benefit (-), positive image (+), trust (-) and knowledge (+). Third, WTP for the development of nuclear energy has been associated with the benefits, risks, images and trust related to nuclear energy. However, variables related to fossil or renewable energy have little impact on WTP for nuclear power energy. While the willingness to pay for renewable energy is influenced by renewable energy as well as fossil fuel factors, the willingness to pay for nuclear energy is s ignificantly influenced by the characteristics of nuclear power itself.
Analysis of Crisis Leadership Research Trends Using Text Mining: Focusing on Business Administration
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Kim Cheol Su , Shin Jung Phill
Published: August 2023

This study was to analyze research trends in the field of business administration by applying text mining techniques. In particular, the 2008 global financial crisis caused many management difficulties for companies. It was intended to consider how these events were reflected in research trends. This study performed 'frequency analysis', 'TF-IDF analysis', and 'topic analysis' among the text mining techniques. First, before and after the global crisis, “management” and “leadership” were ranked top tier. Also 'leadership' and 'management' belonged to the top tier in the total period. Second, the most noticeable word was 'safety' before 2008. And 'integration' is the top priority after 2008. Thus, it was found that the business administration field dealt with 'integration' and 'decision making' meaningfully after 2008. Third, we found a paper that corresponds to the gamma value by topics. Key words explain these papers well. In this way, the meaning of extracted words was analyzed by applying text mining techniques, and research trends in the field of business administration were examined through this. In addition, words that appear important and words with special meanings were analyzed by comparing around 2008.
The Achievements and Limitations of the Public-purpose Direct Payment Program in Korea
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Hwang Seong-hyuk , Kim Jongin
Published: August 2023

In the past, the direct payment program in the agricultural sector predominantly focused on rice, raising concerns about fairness in relation to other crops, excessive rice production, and limitations in terms of enhancing public functions. To tackle these concerns, the Korean government undertook a reorganization of the direct payment program in 2020. This reorganization brought about a substantial increase in the overall amount of direct payment, while also promoting equity among farm households through the introduction of direct payments specifically aimed at small farmers, among other measures. Although the reform of the direct payment program for public interest has generally been acknowledged as successful, it is believed that expanding the optional direct payment program would be a more effective approach to further enhance the value of public interest, which constituted the primary objective of the reform. By expanding the optional direct payment program, greater strides can be made towards achieving the desired improvement in public-purpose value.
Our Home: a revolutionary case study in social pedagogy
Authors: Vucic Basia
Published: August 2023

At the turn of the twentieth century, Western European governments embarked on anti-terrorist agendas, labelling certain ethnicities as undesirable for spreading revolutionary ideas and criminal degeneracy. Several educational experiments emerged intending to eliminate the so-called degenerate element. Academics rarely consider this influence within famous examples by Maria Montessori (1870–1952) in Italy and Janusz Korczak (1878–1942) in Poland. Indeed, the conflation of the two educators obscures that each held opposing views in this critical debate. Years of war and revolution in Polish territories had produced multitudes of orphans, traumatised children and child soldiers. Following Polish independence in 1918, tensions remained high between ethnic minorities and ethno-nationalists. Social pedagogues aimed to rebuild society by drawing on Polish communitarian theories on rights and conflict. Engaging with this history of ideas related to cosmopolitanism and communitarianism disrupts dominant ideas within debates on human rights and citizenship. This article challenges the usual depiction of Korczak’s philosophical position aligned with cosmopolitan ideas on children’s rights. Associated historical research reveals that Polish social pedagogy emerged with the understanding of human rights as situated, embedded and embodied within time and place. Social activists rejected utopian visions to embrace the local conditions at the time, including the violent realities of Polish society, where teachers were often revolutionaries and terrorists. The orphanages established by Korczak functioned as sociological research centres emphasising human rights and democratic ideals while aiming to influence surrounding neighbourhoods. This article summarises Korczak’s worldview by reversing a famous epigram – it takes a child to raise a village. Such children’s rights pioneers envisaged that following years of imperialism and war, their model institutions would grow into a nationwide network fostering democracy and multiculturalism on a broader scale. In the current global context of conflict and anti-terrorist agendas, these institutions serve as critical case studies of possibilities.
Rubial García, A. y Ramírez Méndez, J. (2023). Ciudad anfibia. México Tenochtitlán en el siglo XVI
Authors: Favila Vázquez Mariana
Published: August 2023

Rubial García, A. y Ramírez Méndez, J. (2023). Ciudad anfibia. México Tenochtitlán en el siglo XVI. (Serie Históricas Comunicación Pública, 2. Colección Historia en Breve). México: Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 100 pp. ISBN: 978-607-30-7256-4
Ribera Carbó, E. (Ed.: 2022). Geografía y paisaje
Authors: Urroz Raquel
Published: August 2023

Ribera Carbó, E. (Ed.: 2022). Geografía y paisaje Serie Colección Magistrales. México: Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora. 189 pp. ISBN: 978-607-8793-80-8
Iglesia, A. M. (2021). La revolución de las flâneuses
Authors: De Pina Ravest Valeria Consuelo
Published: August 2023

Iglesia, A. M. (2021). La revolución de las flâneuses. Girona: Wunderkammer. 156 pp. ISBN 978-84-949725-3-9
Aspectos fundantes de las relaciones contemporáneas entre Wallmapu, Chile y Argentina
Authors: Marimán Quemenado Pablo
Published: August 2023

El artículo se centra en la guerra que los Estados de Chile y Argentina llevaron a cabo en contra del pueblo Mapuche en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. A través de fuentes de época y de obras de autoras/es que también incorporan las propias voces y letras mapuche, se van repasando y discutiendo los fenómenos de la guerra, la economía ganadera y la violencia, lo que permite concluir que hubo un rompimiento de la lógica del pacto político por el de una subordinación, apropiando no solo recursos como la tierra o el ganado, sino también fracturando los cuerpos sociales por medio el genocidio. Estos hechos fundan un tiempo contemporáneo que incuba la situación y relación colonial que llega hasta nuestros días.
A la derecha de Dios. Las representaciones religiosas en Las bases y El Caudillo (1973-1975)
Authors: Pattin Sebastián
Published: August 2023

El siguiente artículo tiene el objetivo de comparar las representaciones religiosas presentes en las revistas Las Bases y El Caudillo entre 1973 y 1975. A partir de un análisis cualitativo, se sostiene que, las publicaciones, contenían representaciones religiosas predominantes en las derechas peronistas durante el tercer gobierno peronista. Las mismas, en especial las ideas sobre la Iglesia católica y el catolicismo, conformaron temas de sensible importancia para la definición de la auténtica identidad peronista. Mientras que, Las Bases, por su carácter de revista oficial del movimiento, sostenía un discurso institucional y diplomático, El Caudillo, asociado a la Alianza Argentina Anticomunista, reproducía una inflexión más plebeya y agresiva. Se concluye pues que, las ideas sobre la religión, funcionaron como fronteras internas y externas delineando la hipotética correcta interpretación del legado de Perón.
Víctimas y victimarios: un juego estratégico. Marco de acción colectiva de la diversidad sexual en Santa Fe
Authors: Sbodio Matías
Published: August 2023

Este artículo indaga las características y elementos que componen el marco de acción colectiva de un grupo de organizaciones de la diversidad sexogenérica de la ciudad de Santa Fe. Con este objetivo, se recupera la perspectiva del framing proces para analizar los Documentos redactados por el activismo sexual santafecino para las Marchas del Orgullo de la ciudad, correspondientes a los años 2017, 2018 y 2019 (en dichos documentos les activistas exponen los reclamos definidos como más relevantes de cada año). Por un lado se indaga cómo las organizaciones politizan las problemáticas que les afectan configurando definiciones, identificando responsables y proponiendo soluciones. En paralelo, se observan diversas estrategias discursivas utilizadas para potenciar los argumentos que componen el enmarque del activismo socio-sexual. Mediante su marco, el movimiento de la diversidad sexual de Santa Fe, pretende demostrar que si bien se sancionaron numerosas leyes referidas a derechos sexuales, la vida cotidiana poco ha cambiado para las personas LGBT+. Este marco funciona para un amplio abanico de víctimas que denuncian problemáticas diversas.
Estilos de aprendizaje de docentes del primer año de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral
Authors: Fascendini Paola Yanina , Guaita María Lucila , Vignolo María Victoria , Felipe Antonio Eduardo
Published: August 2023

El rol de los docentes es clave para avanzar en el abordaje de las dificultades que se evidencian al iniciar la formación en educación superior. El objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar y describir los estilos de aprendizaje predominantes en una muestra de docentes de primer año de la carrera de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Se utilizó una metodología sobre la base de estadística descriptiva y análisis de correspondencia múltiple mediante la aplicación del Cuestionario de Honey-Alonso de Estilos de Aprendizaje. El instrumento permite reconocer estilos nombrados como Activo, Reflexivo, Teórico y Pragmático. La encuesta fue respondida por 12 docentes de primer año de la carrera. Se evidenció que el estilo Reflexivo y Teórico son los predominantes. Existe una asociación muy fuerte entre aquellos docentes con una preferencia altamente pragmáticos y activos en oposición a aquellos con una preferencia baja por los estilos Pragmático, Reflexivo y Teórico, los cuales se asocian a una formación de grado y maestría. A su vez existe una asociación fuerte entreaquellos docentes con Posdoctorado y altamente reflexivos, así como una asociación débil entre aquellos moderadamente pragmáticos, con una dedicación simple y un cargo de Asociado. No se evidenciaron asociaciones fuertes entre el sexo y el resto de las variables.
Síndrome de vena cava caudal en vacas de leche: Descripción de 5 casos en Argentina
Authors: Micheloud Juan Francisco , Colque-Caro Luis A. , Medina Diego Martin Nicolás , Schild Carlos O. , Casamayouret Nicol´ás , Cruz Micaela , Morrell Eleonora , Cantón Germán
Published: August 2023

Este artículo describe los hallazgos clínicos y patológicos de 5 casos de trombo-embolismo de la vena cava caudal en bovinos lecheros adultos diagnosticados entre 2013 y 2022 en Argentina. La trombosis de la vena cava suele ser secundaria a un absceso hepático. En 4 de los 5 casos, los signos clínicos fueron dificultad respiratoria, epistaxis y rinorragia. En uno de los casos el animal afectado murió súbitamente sin evidenciar signos clínicos. Todos los animales evaluados tenían un trombo en la porción abdominal de la vena cava caudal y múltiples abscesos hepáticos. Estos abscesos, por proximidad, son los que acaban dañando la pared de la vena cava provocando trombosis y embolismo séptico, los cuales generalmente asientan en el parénquima pulmonar y consecuentemente desarrollan un aneurisma, que al romperse provoca severas hemorragias pulmonares y muerte por shock hipovolémico. El pronóstico en estos casos suele ser malo, debido a su presentación clínica súbita y a que los animales no responden a ningún tratamiento. Sin embargo, esta condición se puede evitar reduciendo la ocurrencia de acidosis ruminal en el rodeo.
Variaciones sobre la querencia: exploraciones en torno a una propuesta de traducción para el concepto freudiano de ‘Trieb’
Authors: Uzal Luciano
Published: August 2023

El presente trabajo se propone, desde un estilo que combina lo ensayístico con lo especulativo, una exploración de la propuesta de José Luis Etcheverry, traductor de la Obras Completas de Sigmund Freud, de traducir ‘Trieb’ (“pulsión”, en su traducción estándar) como “querencia”. Con esa sugerencia como hilo conductor, el escrito entreteje reflexiones en torno a la teoría psicoanalítica, la traducción, la memoria, el deseo y el exilio.
Revisitar los procesos de formación universitaria después de la pandemia. Voces que nos dan algunas pistas
Authors: Montiel María Cecilia
Published: August 2023

La formación en la universidad y los procesos de inclusión y democratización de la educación superior, han sido dos temáticas de estudio que venimos abordando en el marco de un proyecto de investigación y desde una tesis doctoral finalizada hace poco tiempo. Frente a los acontecimientos atravesados en el contexto de la «educación remota de emergencia», presentamos aquí el análisis de las experiencias de formación de las y los estudiantes de la UNSL vividas durante el año 2020 y 2021 y las experiencias transitadas por estudiantes, ya egresados, antes de la pandemia. El objetivo, es poder dar cuenta, a modo de aproximación, de las similitudes y diferencias —o más bien, de continuidades y discontinuidades— que se vislumbran en estos relatos, dando cuenta de las demandas, logros y dificultades por las que atravesaron para, desde allí, dar visibilidad a algunas de las problemáticas de la enseñanza universitaria que son necesarias de revisitar e interpelar. Se identifican dos nudos problemáticos: l) las relaciones entre docentes y estudiantes, y con el conocimiento; 2) el posicionamiento frente a la relación teoría y práctica en los procesos de enseñanza y de aprendizaje. El abordaje de los mismos intenta contribuir al debate en el que se encuentra hoy el sistema universitario argentino.
Memoria de una propuesta formativa: el Plan de Virtualización de Educación Superior en la Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero (UNTREF) durante el período 2020–2021
Authors: Gelonch Guillermo , Martinchuk Elizabeth Liliana , Pérez Pizarro María Florencia , Pérez Ruffa Andrés
Published: August 2023

A principios del 2020, a partir de la emergencia sanitaria del Covid–19, las universidades debieron readaptar las actividades académicas como sus prácticas cotidianas institucionales desde un formato presencial a la modalidad virtual, focalizando, principalmente, en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. En ese contexto incierto, problemático e indeterminado, surge la propuesta desde la Secretaría de Políticas Universitarias del Ministerio de Educación de Argentina de desarrollar el Plan de Virtualización de la Educación Superior (PlanVES) que promovió el acompañamiento a las universidades a fortalecer sus estrategias de virtualización durante el contexto de pandemia y en el período de la postpandemia. La Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero decidió participar a través de un equipo interdisciplinario liderado desde la Secretaría Académica. Para esto, se elaboró un plan de acción diseñado específicamente para dar cuenta de las problemáticas y necesidades de la institución. Este trabajo presenta parte de la memoria sobre el diseño y la planificación del Plan de Virtualización de Educación Superior (PlanVES) que se realizó durante el período 2020–2021 en la UNTREF, recuperando uno de sus objetivos que ha sido el fortalecimiento de la enseñanza, el aprendizaje y la evaluación, tanto en contextos de presencialidad como de virtualidad o semipresencialidad.
«Carta abierta al río Salado» Cuando la protesta se hace canción
Authors: Echarri Juan Cruz
Published: August 2023

La inundación de la ciudad de Santa Fe en 2003 fue el acontecimiento más trágico de la provincia y uno de los más dramáticos de la historia en el país. El desborde del río Salado originó el fallecimiento de cientos de personas y posteriormente cambió la vida de otras miles.    

La música y sus artistas rápidamente empezaron a evidenciar las consecuencias de la inundación. Horacio Guarany fue uno de los primeros en ofrecer su versión de la inundación a través de su canción «Carta abierta al río Salado». En este trabajo analizaremos los enfoques que el autor utilizó para definir las causas de la inundación de 2003.
Алиса, ты следишь за мной? Восприятие конфиденциальности в нарративах пользователей «умных» колонок
Authors: Ушкин Сергей Геннадьевич , Коваль Екатерина Александровна
Published: August 2023

«Умные» колонки завоевывают популярность во всем мире, и Россия — не исключение. Особенность «умных» колонок, привлекающая пользователей, заключается в интеграции в них голосовых помощников, общение с которыми происходит посредством вербальных команд. Тем не менее кажущаяся простота и удобство общения с «умными» колонками могут быть обманчивыми. Ряд научных статей, посвященных человекомашинному взаимодействию, поднимают проблему конфиденциальности информации, поскольку пользователь никоим образом не защищен от проникновения в его частную жизнь. В этом контексте мы поставили перед собой задачу осмыслить повседневные практики человекомашинного взаимодействия, акцентируя внимание на социальной безопасности при взаимодействии с гаджетами. Для этого в марте 2022 г. мы провели 20 полуструктурированных интервью среди пользователей «умных» колонок в г. Саранске. В ходе исследования мы пытались выяснить, боятся ли российские пользователи «утечек» данных через «умные» колонки; на кого они возлагают ответственность за это; наконец, следуют ли они каким-либо мерам предосторожности при взаимодействии с устройствами. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют, что большинство информантов не видят существенных проблем в коммуникации с «умными» колонками, чаще всего рассматривая их как обычный бытовой прибор. Схема взаимодействия с ними заключается в даче простой вербальной команды («включить музыку», «поставить таймер» и т. д.), не требующей ведения последующего диалога. Коммуникация с девайсами становится рутиной, они воспринимаются как неотъемлемая часть домашней обстановки, позволяющая структурировать досуговые практики. В паре «комфорт — безопасность» пользователи, по всей видимости, выбирают первое: о проблемах с конфиденциальностью они предпочитают не задумываться, хотя в то же время стараются не общаться с устройствами на острые социально-политические темы.
Городские конфликты и трансформация локального политического режима в Екатеринбурге
Authors: Белоусов Александр Борисович , Давыдов Дмитрий Александрович
Published: August 2023

В статье изучаются механизмы трансформации локального политического режима в ответ на конфликты, связанные с оспариванием городского пространства. Возможности граждан добиваться тех или иных результатов при отстаивании своих интересов обусловлены как совокупностью неформальных практик взаимодействий между элитами и прочими субъектами конфликтов, так и другими обстоятельствами: от накопленного опыта гражданской активности до личностных качеств представителей городской власти. В редких случаях в ответ на те или иные вызовы, в том числе протестную активность, городские власти вынуждены менять свои модели взаимодействия с общественностью, вводя в них элементы коллаборативного планирования, а также стремясь к превентивному разрешению назревающих конфликтов.
В качестве примера города, который добился некоторой «либерализации» местного политического режима, то есть повышения его способности достигать компромисса с активистами, рассматривается Екатеринбург. Проанализировав материалы СМИ за последние десять лет и проведя экспертный опрос лидеров протеста, журналистов, аналитиков и представителей городских и региональных властей, авторы выявляют факторы, способствовавшие соответствующим изменениям.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках работы по проекту РФФИ № 20411-660027 «Мониторинг и прогнозирование социальных конфликтов в Свердловской области в 2020—2022 гг.».
Феминистская волна в женском кинематографе Южной Кореи
Authors: Тангалычева Румия Кямильевна
Published: August 2023

В статье проводится социологический анализ репрезентации гендерного неравенства в фильмах женщин-режиссеров Юн Гаын, Чон Гоун, Ким Бора и Ким Доён. Демократизация общественной жизни в Республике Корея привела к включению женщин-режиссеров в кинематографические процессы. Женщины-режиссеры, рожденные в 1980-х годах, сконцентрировались на репрезентации гендерных отношений сквозь призму феминистского взгляда, а не стереотипов и культурных стандартов, которые были широко распространены в стране. Картины этих режиссеров сформировали феминистскую волну в южнокорейском кинематографе. В анализируемых фильмах они обращаются к проблематике социализации девочек, гендерного неравенства в семье и обществе, а также самоопределения женщины в обществе. Теоретической рамкой исследования стали феминистские концепции в изучении кино и культурные исследования в социологии. В статье показано, что женщины — режиссеры феминистской волны оставляют открытым вопрос о будущем гендерного неравенства в южнокорейском обществе, намечая противоречивые перспективы.
Новые практики городского активизма в постиндустриальном российском городе
Authors: Рассолова Елена Николаевна , Галкин Константин Александрович
Published: August 2023

В настоящей статье на основании двух кейсов в Комсомольском районе города Набережные Челны рассматриваются практики и способы коммуникации с аудиторией новых городских активистов.
В рамках исследования было собрано 20 полуструктурированных интервью с городскими активистами, которые выстраивали свою деятельность вокруг сохранения исторической части Набережных Челнов в поселке ГЭС, развития пространства завода ячеистых бетонов (ЗЯБ) и одноименной жилой территории, а также диалога с различными городскими акторами. Авторы обозначили основные черты нового городского активизма: ориентированность на включение в практики активизма различных акторов; ориентированность на молодежь и актуальную повестку социальной политики; развитие диалога; представление объектов активизма не как статичных и требующих защиты, а как динамично развивающихся, постоянно трансформирующихся.
В ходе исследования отмечена весомая роль неформального общения, в том числе онлайн и с привлечением различных современных средств. Такой подход позволяет новым городским активистам расширять свою аудиторию, вести диалог с жителями, отмечая их инициативы, использовать мнения и взгляды каждого участника взаимодействия на специфику и понимание трансформаций городского пространства и конкретного объекта активистских практик.
Практики нового городского активизма проанализированы с применением режимной теории, что позволило рассмотреть их как возможность соуправления городскими проектами через объединение различных способов активистской деятельности и привлечение внимания к объекту защиты.
Гендерный баланс и социальная справедливость как основа здорового общества. Обзор по материалам международной научно-практической конференции Первые Шанявские чтения
Authors: Милованова Марина Юрьевна , Ирсетская Елена Александровна
Published: August 2023

3 марта 2023 г. в РГГУ прошли Первые Шанявские чтения «Гендерные ресурсы как потенциал развития социума: культурно-исторические традиции и новации». Научно-практическая конференция продемонстрировала реализацию междисциплинарного и экспертного подходов в гендерных исследованиях, а также накопленный опыт научных школ, сложившихся в России за более чем тридцать лет.
Реализация гендерного равноправия концептуально рассматривается как основа принципа социальной справедливости, выступает неотъемлемой частью политической практики и современного социогуманитарного знания. Общим мотивом научного поиска на конференции стала ориентация на преобразование общественных отношений в сторону здорового общества. Гендер рассматривается как наиболее динамично развивающийся социальный конструкт, отражающий стремительность социальных изменений, делающий актуальным ресурсный подход для поиска адаптационных механизмов и объективной оценки нематериального ресурсного потенциала российского населения, выработку основ национальной модели гендерного равноправия с глубокой проработкой культурно-исторических традиций и новаций в условиях социальных изменений.
В современном социуме чрезвычайно актуален запрос на социальную справедливость как равенство возможностей, соблюдение прав и свобод человека, интересов и потребностей как женщин, так и мужчин, исключение любого вида дискриминации, в том числе по признаку пола. В этой связи российскому обществу необходимы новые социальные конструкты, опора на исторические примеры гендерно равноправных моделей. Примером восстановления исторической правды и справедливой оценки гендерно равноправной модели стала деятельность проектно-научного коллектива социологического факультета РГГУ и полученный результат, заключенный в новом статусе конференции Первые Шанявские чтения и ее содержании.
Благодарность. Работа выполнена в рамках проекта РГГУ «Национальная модель гендерного равноправия: междисциплинарный и экспертный подход (конкурс «Проектные научные коллективы РГГУ», 2023 г.)», руководитель НИР — к. ист. н., доцент РГГУ М. Ю. Милованова.