bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lake Topography and Active Storage From Satellite Observations of Flood Frequency
Authors: Fassoni‐Andrade Alice César , de Paiva Rodrigo Cauduro Dias , Fleischmann Ayan Santos
Published: June 2020

Topography is critical information for water resources management in lakes, and remote sensing provides a unique opportunity to estimate topography in ungauged regions. We introduce here a new method that estimates nearshore topography of water bodies based on a flood frequency map and time series of water levels by assuming the equivalence between flood frequency and water level exceedance probability at a given area. Test cases are performed for two lakes and 12 hydropower reservoirs using the proposed Flood2Topo app. This new application generates the bottom level pixel by pixel and level‐area‐active storage relationship directly from the topography map, without the need to fit functions. Flood extent estimates from the Landsat based Global Surface Water (GSW) data set, the current state‐of‐the‐art, were used to run Flood2Topo, together with water levels from satellite altimetry and in situ gauges. Results show bottom level root mean square deviation (RMSD) values of 18.5 and 146 cm for Lake Poopó (Bolivia) and Lake Curuai (Amazon basin), respectively. For reservoir active storage, RMSD normalized values ranged from 2% to 11% for 11 reservoirs (average NRMSD of 6.4%). The method can be applied to any seasonally flooded area using any data set. Considering the surface water occurrence map from the GSW data set, the method is applicable to 35.8% (86%) of the global seasonally flooded areas delimited by flood frequencies between 0 and 95% (99%) over 35 years. The flood frequency‐based method is a promising tool for obtaining data for hydrodynamic simulations and monitoring of ungauged water bodies.
Retinoblastoma protein expression and its predictors in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Patel Jaymin M. , Goss Andrew , Garber Judy E. , Torous Vanda , Richardson Edward T. , Haviland Miriam J. , Hacker Michele R. , Freeman Gordon J. , Nalven Tessa , Alexander Brian , Lee Larissa , Collins Laura C. , Schnitt Stuart J. , Tung Nadine
Published: June 2020

Retinoblastoma protein (Rb) is a product of the RB tumor suppressor gene. Its expression is highly prevalent in luminal breast cancers and is critical to the success of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor therapy. Expression of Rb in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), tumors generally associated with basal biology, is not well known. However, heterogeneity among TNBC and presence of subtypes with luminal features are well described. The purpose of this study was to determine prevalence and predictors of Rb protein expression in BRCA1-associated and sporadic TNBCs. We studied 180 TNBC patients (70 BRCA1-associated and 110 sporadic). The clinical and pathologic features of these cases were previously assessed and reported. For this study, immunohistochemical stains for Rb were performed on tissue microarray sections. Details of treatment and outcome were abstracted from medical records. Fifty-one percent of TNBC were Rb positive (≥10% nuclei staining), and 85% of these cases had ≥50% nuclei staining. Rb expression was significantly associated with sporadic TNBC (71.4% vs 49.4%; p < 0.001), androgen receptor (AR) expression (16.5% vs 3.4%; p = 0.007), histologic grade 1 or 2 (9.9% vs 2.2%; p = 0.04), and first recurrence in bone (8.8% vs 1.1%; p = 0.03). Expression of p53 was not associated with Rb expression. Expression of Rb in TNBC was significantly associated with sporadic TNBC, AR expression, lower histologic grade, and metastasis to bone. These observations characterize a TNBC subtype with features suggestive of luminal-like biology and the potential to benefit from CDK 4/6 inhibition.
Inverse-designed spinodoid metamaterials
Authors: Kumar Siddhant , Tan Stephanie , Zheng Li , Kochmann Dennis M.
Published: June 2020

After a decade of periodic truss-, plate-, and shell-based architectures having dominated the design of metamaterials, we introduce the non-periodic class of spinodoid topologies. Inspired by natural self-assembly processes, spinodoid metamaterials are a close approximation of microstructures observed during spinodal phase separation. Their theoretical parametrization is so intriguingly simple that one can bypass costly phase-field simulations and obtain a rich and seamlessly tunable property space. Counter-intuitively, breaking with the periodicity of classical metamaterials is the enabling factor to the large property space and the ability to introduce seamless functional grading. We introduce an efficient and robust machine learning technique for the inverse design of (meta-)materials which, when applied to spinodoid topologies, enables us to generate uniform and functionally graded cellular mechanical metamaterials with tailored direction-dependent (anisotropic) stiffness and density. We specifically present biomimetic artificial bone architectures that not only reproduce the properties of trabecular bone accurately but also even geometrically resemble natural bone.
Giant anomalous Hall and Nernst effect in magnetic cubic Heusler compounds
Authors: Noky Jonathan , Zhang Yang , Gooth Johannes , Felser Claudia , Sun Yan
Published: June 2020

The interplay of magnetism and topology opens up the possibility for exotic linear response effects, such as the anomalous Hall effect and the anomalous Nernst effect, which can be strongly enhanced by designing a large Berry curvature in the electronic structure. Magnetic Heusler compounds are a promising class of materials for this purpose because they are versatile, show magnetism, and their electronic structure hosts strong topological features. Here, we provide a comprehensive study of the intrinsic anomalous transport for magnetic cubic full Heusler compounds and we illustrate that several Heusler compounds outperform the best so far reported materials. The results reveal the importance of symmetries, especially mirror planes, in combination with magnetism for giant anomalous Hall and Nernst effects, which should be valid in general for linear responses (spin Hall effect, spin orbital torque, etc.) dominated by intrinsic contributions.
Validating a case definition for adult asthma in primary care electronic medical records
Authors: Cave Andrew J. , Soos Boglarka , Gillies Christina , Drummond Neil , Pham Anh N. Q. , Williamson Tyler
Published: June 2020

Although asthma is one of the most common chronic conditions affecting Canadians, its epidemiologic characteristics and burden in primary care contexts are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a case definition to identify adults with asthma who consult family physicians and to estimate the prevalence of asthma in that setting in Canada. This validation study utilized a database of electronic medical records (EMRs) from the Southern Alberta Primary Care Research Network, a node of the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (SAPCReN-CPCSSN). The population included patients over age 17y of any gender and health status who had visited an SAPCReN-CPCSSN primary care provider during the period December 1, 2014−December 31, 2016. The validation of the case definition involved comparing a case-finding algorithm to caseness determined by an expert physician review of the records of 1000 patient in the CPCSSN database. The case definition, which included the ICD-9 code 493 and asthma-related text words, had 83.33% sensitivity (95% CI: 63.61–93.88%), 99.28% specificity (95% CI: 98.51–99.67%), a positive predictive value of 74.07% (95% CI: 55.03–87.14%), and a negative predictive value of 99.59% (95% CI: 98.93–99.86%). The prevalence of adult asthma in CPCSSN primary care practices in southern Alberta was 4.20% (95% CI: 4.09–4.31). The strong validation metrics suggest that this case definition is valid for both clinical and research purposes. The validated case definition may be used to improve patient care and improve understanding of the prevalence and burden of asthma in primary care in Canada.
Innervation: the missing link for biofabricated tissues and organs
Authors: Das Suradip , Gordián-Vélez Wisberty J. , Ledebur Harry C. , Mourkioti Foteini , Rompolas Panteleimon , Chen H. Isaac , Serruya Mijail D. , Cullen D. Kacy
Published: June 2020

Innervation plays a pivotal role as a driver of tissue and organ development as well as a means for their functional control and modulation. Therefore, innervation should be carefully considered throughout the process of biofabrication of engineered tissues and organs. Unfortunately, innervation has generally been overlooked in most non-neural tissue engineering applications, in part due to the intrinsic complexity of building organs containing heterogeneous native cell types and structures. To achieve proper innervation of engineered tissues and organs, specific host axon populations typically need to be precisely driven to appropriate location(s) within the construct, often over long distances. As such, neural tissue engineering and/or axon guidance strategies should be a necessary adjunct to most organogenesis endeavors across multiple tissue and organ systems. To address this challenge, our team is actively building axon-based “living scaffolds” that may physically wire in during organ development in bioreactors and/or serve as a substrate to effectively drive targeted long-distance growth and integration of host axons after implantation. This article reviews the neuroanatomy and the role of innervation in the functional regulation of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle tissue and highlights potential strategies to promote innervation of biofabricated engineered muscles, as well as the use of “living scaffolds” in this endeavor for both in vitro and in vivo applications. We assert that innervation should be included as a necessary component for tissue and organ biofabrication, and that strategies to orchestrate host axonal integration are advantageous to ensure proper function, tolerance, assimilation, and bio-regulation with the recipient post-implant.
Population genomics of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in companion animals in the United States
Authors: Smith Joshua T. , Amador Sharlene , McGonagle Colin J. , Needle David , Gibson Robert , Andam Cheryl P.
Published: June 2020

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a commensal bacterium and a major opportunistic pathogen of dogs. The emergence of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) is also becoming a serious concern. We carried out a population genomics study of 130 clinical S. pseudintermedius isolates from dogs and cats in the New England region of the United States. Results revealed the co-circulation of phylogenetically diverse lineages that have access to a large pool of accessory genes. Many MRSP and multidrug-resistant clones have emerged through multiple independent, horizontal acquisition of resistance determinants and frequent genetic exchange that disseminate DNA to the broader population. When compared to a Texas population, we found evidence of clonal expansion of MRSP lineages that have disseminated over large distances. These findings provide unprecedented insight into the diversification of a common cutaneous colonizer of man’s oldest companion animal and the widespread circulation of multiple high-risk resistant clones.
Liposomal nanotheranostics for multimode targeted in vivo bioimaging and near‐infrared light mediated cancer therapy
Authors: Prasad Rajendra , Jain Nishant K. , Yadav Amit S. , Chauhan Deepak S. , Devrukhkar Janhavi , Kumawat Mukesh K. , Shinde Shweta , Gorain Mahadeo , Thakor Avnesh S. , Kundu Gopal C. , Conde João , Srivastava Rohit
Published: June 2020

Developing a nanotheranostic agent with better image resolution and high accumulation into solid tumor microenvironment is a challenging task. Herein, we established a light mediated phototriggered strategy for enhanced tumor accumulation of nanohybrids. A multifunctional liposome based nanotheranostics loaded with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and emissive graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were engineered named as NFGL. Further, doxorubicin hydrochloride was encapsulated in NFGL to exhibit phototriggered chemotherapy and functionalized with folic acid targeting ligands. Encapsulated agents showed imaging bimodality for in vivo tumor diagnosis due to their high contrast and emissive nature. Targeted NFGL nanohybrids demonstrated near infrared light (NIR, 750 nm) mediated tumor reduction because of generated heat and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Moreover, NFGL nanohybrids exhibited remarkable ROS scavenging ability as compared to GQDs loaded liposomes validated by antitumor study. Hence, this approach and engineered system could open new direction for targeted imaging and cancer therapy.
Mode-assisted unsupervised learning of restricted Boltzmann machines
Authors: Manukian Haik , Pei Yan Ru , Bearden Sean R. B. , Di Ventra Massimiliano
Published: June 2020

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are a powerful class of generative models, but their training requires computing a gradient that, unlike supervised backpropagation on typical loss functions, is notoriously difficult even to approximate. Here, we show that properly combining standard gradient updates with an off-gradient direction, constructed from samples of the RBM ground state (mode), improves training dramatically over traditional gradient methods. This approach, which we call ‘mode-assisted training’, promotes faster training and stability, in addition to lower converged relative entropy (KL divergence). We demonstrate its efficacy on synthetic datasets where we can compute KL divergences exactly, as well as on a larger machine learning standard (MNIST). The proposed mode-assisted training can be applied in conjunction with any given gradient method, and is easily extended to more general energy-based neural network structures such as deep, convolutional and unrestricted Boltzmann machines.
Crystallisation control of drop-cast quasi-2D/3D perovskite layers for efficient solar cells
Authors: Zuo Chuantian , Scully Andrew D. , Tan Wen Liang , Zheng Fei , Ghiggino Kenneth P. , Vak Doojin , Weerasinghe Hasitha , McNeill Christopher R. , Angmo Dechan , Chesman Anthony S. R. , Gao Mei
Published: June 2020

Introducing layered quasi-2D perovskite phases into a conventional 3D perovskite light-absorbing matrix is a promising strategy for overcoming the limited environmental stability of 3D perovskite solar cells. Here, we present a simple drop-casting method for preparing hybrid perovskite films comprising both quasi-2D and quasi-3D phases, formed using phenylethylammonium or iso-butylammonium as spacer cations. The film morphology, phase purity, and crystal orientation of the hybrid quasi-2D/3D perovskite films are improved significantly by applying a simple N2 blow-drying step, together with inclusion of methylammonium chloride as an additive. An enhanced power conversion efficiency of 16.0% is achieved using an iso-butylammonium-based quasi-2D/3D perovskite layer which, to our knowledge, is the highest recorded to date for a quasi-2D/3D perovskite solar cells containing a non-spin-cast perovskite layer prepared under ambient laboratory conditions.
Photoinduced direct hydration of dipyridylacetylenes in acidic aqueous solution
Authors: Li Ya , Su Zimu , Hao Haijun , Zhuang Junpeng
Published: June 2020

The straightforward and catalyst-free photoinduced hydration reaction of dipyridylacetylenes in acidic aqueous solution was achieved upon UV irradiation at room temperature.
Imaging of peroxynitrite in drug-induced acute kidney injury with a near-infrared fluorescence and photoacoustic dual-modal molecular probe
Authors: Liu Hong-Wen , Zhang Haiyang , Lou Xiaofeng , Teng Lili , Yuan Jie , Yuan Lin , Zhang Xiao-Bing , Tan Weihong
Published: June 2020

A FRET-based probe for mapping the fluctuation of OONO− in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury was constructed.
Aerobic Cu-catalyzed oxidative 1 : 2 coupling of benzynes with terminal alkynes
Authors: Lu Tianhao , Shen Yong , Wang Min , Zhang Zibing , Li Shijun , Xie Chunsong
Published: June 2020

Aryl-Cu(iii) may serve as an intermediate in Cu-catalyzed aerobic 1 : 2 couplings of arynes with terminal alkynes, allowing for one-step assemblies of arenediynes.
One-pot synthesis of a white-light emissive bichromophore operated by aggregation-induced dual emission (AIDE) and partial energy transfer
Authors: Denißen Melanie , Hannen Ricarda , Itskalov Dana , Biesen Lukas , Nirmalananthan-Budau Nithiya , Hoffmann Katrin , Reiss Guido J. , Resch-Genger Ute , Müller Thomas J. J.
Published: June 2020

Consecutive four-component insertion–alkynylation–amination–Suzuki sequence furnishes bichromophores that emit white light upon aggregation-induced dual emission (AIDE) operating by partial energy transfer between the constituting chromophores.
New nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds to build 3D energetic metal complexes
Authors: Yang Xiaoming , Wang Yanna , Zhang Weijing , Yin Yanli , Li Zhimin , Zhang Tonglai
Published: June 2020

By introducing hydroxymethyl into nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds, we designed and synthesized a new ligand. The three dimensional (3D) energetic metal complexes sodium and potassium salts of new ligand were investigated for heat-resistant energetic materials.
Interference of a resonance state with itself: a route to control its dynamical behaviour
Authors: García-Vela A.
Published: June 2020

It is demonstrated both numerically and mathematically that the dynamical behavior of an isolated resonance state (the decay lifetime and the asymptotic fragment state distribution), can be extensively controlled by means of quantum interference induced by a laser field in the weak-field regime.
Co nanoparticle-embedded N,O-codoped porous carbon nanospheres as an efficient peroxymonosulfate activator: singlet oxygen dominated catalytic degradation of organic pollutants
Authors: Zhu Genxing , Zhu Jialu , Fu Xinlong , Liu Qi , Cao Fengyi , Li Yu-nan , Qin Qi , Jiao Mingli
Published: June 2020

A mesoporous N,O-doped carbon@Co composite with good magnetism for efficient catalytic elimination of organic pollutants via peroxymonosulfate activation.
Modelling the enthalpy change and transition temperature dependence of the metal–insulator transition in pure and doped vanadium dioxide
Authors: Lu Haichang , Clark Stewart , Guo Yuzheng , Robertson John
Published: June 2020

We show that a non-collinear spin density GGA+Ufunctional calculation can describe the enthalpy difference (latent heat) of ΔE0= −44.2 meV per formula unit, similar to the experimental value, between the paramagnetic rutile and the M1phases of VO2.
The melting temperature of nanorods: diameter and length dependences
Authors: Zhang Zhengming , Meng Xianshang , Lu Haiming , Li Ming
Published: June 2020

An analytical thermodynamic model was developed to describe the effect of diameter and length on the melting temperature of nanorods.
Anisotropic energy transfer in a clay–porphyrin layered system with environment-responsiveness
Authors: Nishina Haruka , Hoshino Shota , Ohtani Yuta , Ishida Tamao , Shimada Tetsuya , Takagi Shinsuke
Published: June 2020

The adsorption orientation behavior of tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-3-yl)porphyrin (m-TMPyP) and p-TMPyP on the clay monolayer prepared by the Langmuir Blodgett (LB) technique was investigated using the absorption and dichroic spectra obtained on a waveguide.
Dissociation of (Li2O2)0,+on graphene and boron-doped graphene: insights from first-principles calculations
Authors: Hou Binpeng , Lei Xueling , Zhong Shuying , Sun Baozhen , Ouyang Chuying
Published: June 2020

Reducing charge overpotential is of great significance to enhance the efficiency and cyclability of Li–O2batteries.
Identifying and controlling the acid site distributions in mordenite zeolite for dimethyl ether carbonylation reaction by means of selective ion-exchange
Authors: Liu Shiping , Liu Hongchao , Ma Xiangang , Liu Yong , Zhu Wenliang , Liu Zhongmin
Published: June 2020

The identification and regulation of acid site distributions in mordenite zeolites are accomplished by using tetramethylammonium ions to selectively exchange with the counter ions in 12-membered channels.
Structural and spectroscopic investigations of nine-coordinate redox active lanthanide complexes with a pincer O,N,O ligand
Authors: Mouchel Dit Leguerrier D. , Barré R. , Bryden M. , Imbert D. , Philouze C. , Jarjayes O. , Luneau D. , Molloy J. K. , Thomas F.
Published: June 2020

Three ligand molecules coordinate under their anionic diamagnetic form; the complexes (Gd, Eu, Yb, Lu) can undergo reversible oxidations, affording radical species, as demonstrated by spectro-electrochemistry.
A β-FeOOH/MXene sandwich for high-performance anodes in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: He Lu , Tan Chuan , Sheng Chuanchao , Chen Yuanzhao , Yu Fengjiao , Chen Yuhui
Published: June 2020

A β-FeOOH/MXene sandwich composite enables improved cyclability and better high-rate performance in lithium-ion batteries.
High-valent osmium iminoxolene complexes
Authors: Gianino Jacqueline , Erickson Alexander N. , Markovitz Sean J. , Brown Seth N.
Published: June 2020

Amidophenoxide-to-osmium π donation is sensitive to the co-ligands; it engenders significant anisotropy in the bonding with an oxo group.
A three-dimensional porous MoS2–PVP aerogel as a highly efficient and recyclable sorbent for oils and organic solvents
Authors: Song Pin , Di Jun , Chen Haiping , Zhao Sirui , Wu Cao , Cao Xun , Wang Meiling , Xiong Jun , Ye Xinli
Published: June 2020

Three-dimensional (3D) aerogels have attracted more and more attention in oil–water separation, due to their advantages of low density, high porosity, and large specific surface area.
A facile template-free synthesis of Bi2Sn2O7 with flower-like hierarchical architecture for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity
Authors: Wu Chengyan , Shen Qianhong , Yu LiXin , Huang Feilong , Zhang Changteng , Sheng Jiansong , Zhang Fang , Cheng Di , Yang Hui
Published: June 2020

A novel flower-like structure of Bi2Sn2O7 was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method which showed enhanced photodegradation of tetracycline.
An efficient water-soluble fluorescent chemosensor based on furan Schiff base functionalized PEG for the sensitive detection of Al3+ in pure aqueous solution
Authors: Bai Liping , Xu Yuhang , Li Leixuan , Tao Farong , Wang Shuangshuang , Wang Liping , Li Guang
Published: June 2020

An efficient reversible fluorescent chemosensor, PEGFB, based on polyethylene glycol bearing a furan Schiff base unit has been successfully developed to sensitively detect Al3+ in pure aqueous solution.
Improved organic solar cell efficiency based on the regulation of an alkyl chain on chlorinated non-fullerene acceptors
Authors: Yu Han , Ma Ruijie , Xiao Yiqun , Zhang Jianquan , Liu Tao , Luo Zhenghui , Chen Yuzhong , Bai Fujin , Lu Xinhui , Yan He , Lin Haoran
Published: June 2020

A new non-fullerene acceptor with third-positioned branched alkyl side chains exhibit efficiency of 16.53% in solar cell devices.
Alkynyl- and phosphine-ligated quaternary Au2Ag2 clusters featuring an Alkynyl-AuAg motif for multicomponent coupling
Authors: Shi Quanquan , Qin Zhaoxian , Ping Guichen , Liu Shuang , Xu Hui , Li Gao
Published: June 2020

The coordination motif of alkynly with a metal atom is versatile and plays a pivotal role in tailoring the kernel configuration of the atomically precise metal nanoclusters.
Tunable microwave absorption of switchable complexes operating near room temperature
Authors: Kucheriv Olesia I. , Oliynyk Viktor V. , Zagorodnii Volodymyr V. , Launets Vilen L. , Penkivska Olena V. , Fritsky Igor O. , Gural'skiy Il'ya A.
Published: June 2020

Iron(ii) spin-crossover complexes are shown to be effective microwave switches operating near room temprature.
Pressure-assisted solvent- and catalyst-free production of well-defined poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) for biomedical applications
Authors: Maksym Paulina , Tarnacka Magdalena , Heczko Dawid , Knapik-Kowalczuk Justyna , Mielańczyk Anna , Bernat Roksana , Garbacz Grzegorz , Kaminski Kamil , Paluch Marian
Published: June 2020

High-pressure classical free-radical polymerization allowed to eliminate the current limitation of the ambient-pressure synthesis of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and production of well-defined polymers.
Acquiring an effective CaO-based CO2 sorbent and achieving selective methanation of CO2
Authors: Ping Chao , Feng Bao-Qi , Teng Yun-Lei , Chen Han-Qing , Liu Si-Li , Tai Yun-Long , Liu Hao-Nan , Dong Bao-Xia
Published: June 2020

We achieve selective methanation of CO2 and acquire an effective CaO-based CO2 sorbent by reduction of CO2 with a MgH2/CaH2 mixture.
A sensitive OFF–ON–OFF fluorescent probe for the cascade sensing of Al3+ and F− ions in aqueous media and living cells
Authors: Hou Lingjie , Liang Wenting , Deng Chenhua , Zhang Caifeng , Liu Bo , Shuang Shaomin , Wang Yu
Published: June 2020

A simple Schiff-base ligand 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde semicarbazone (HNS) was synthesized and applied to the sequential sensing of Al3+ and F− ions in aqueous media and live cells.
Recovery of niobium and tantalum by solvent extraction from Sn–Ta–Nb mining tailings
Authors: Rodríguez Olga , Alguacil Francisco J. , Baquero Esther Escudero , García-Díaz Irene , Fernández Paloma , Sotillo Belén , López Félix A.
Published: June 2020

The slag from the extraction processes of metals from their ores may contain valuable components that, if adequately recovered, can be reintroduced in the technological life cycle.
A novel rechargeable bromine-ion battery and the induction of bromine ions on metal electrodes
Authors: Li Hang , Li Mingqiang , Zhou Xiaojie , Li Tong , Zhao Hu
Published: June 2020

In recent years, bromine has been widely used in batteries due to its higher theoretical specific capacity, but unfortunately, no battery has been reported based on the absorption/desorption principle of a single bromine ion.
Highly selective aerobic oxidation of methane to methanol over gold decorated zinc oxide via photocatalysis
Authors: Zhou Wencai , Qiu Xueying , Jiang Yuheng , Fan Yingying , Wei Shilei , Han Dongxue , Niu Li , Tang Zhiyong
Published: June 2020

Au/ZnO is employed as a photocatalyst for methane oxidation to methanol with 100% selectivity in an oxygen atmosphere at atmospheric temperature.
Recent advances in MoS2-based photothermal therapy for cancer and infectious disease treatment
Authors: Shi Jinping , Li Juan , Wang Yan , Cheng Jingjing , Zhang Can Yang
Published: June 2020

MoS2-based PTT with high therapeutic efficacy and minimal side-effects could show potential for improving cancer and infectious disease treatments.
Biconical antenna with inhomogeneous dielectric lens for UWB applications
Authors: Bobreshov A.M. , Zhabin A.S. , Seregina E.A. , Uskov G.K.
Published: June 2020

The improvement of the ultra‐wideband (UWB) biconical antenna directional characteristics at the upper part of the bandwidth by filling the aperture with the inhomogeneous dielectric lens is discussed in this Letter. The inhomogeneity of the filling was achieved by the complex three‐dimensional configuration of the air gaps and the dielectric with constant permittivity. The distribution law of permittivity in the aperture was obtained in the geometrical optics approximation using the law of Lihtenekker for finely dispersed composition of substances with different dielectric constants. The numerical simulations and the experimental measurements of the biconical antenna characteristics have been carried out and the results are presented. The application of the proposed method allows to reduce the level of lateral radiation and to increase the antenna gain and bandwidth. The technique for the lens manufacturing by using 3D printing technologies is presented.
Mixed control of delayed Markov jump linear systems
Authors: Mei Wenjie , Zhao Chengyan , Ogura Masaki , Sugimoto Kenji
Published: June 2020

This study investigates the state feedback control laws for Markov jump linear systems with state and mode‐observation delays. An assumption in this study is that the delay of the mode observation obeys an exponential distribution. Also, the authors raise an unknown time‐varying state delay applied in the composition of the state feedback controller. A method of remodelling the closed‐loop system as a standard Markov jump linear system with state delay is shown. Furthermore, on the basis of this remodelling, several linear matrix inequalities for designing feedback gains for stabilisation and mixed control are proposed. Finally, the authors apply a numerical simulation for examining the effectiveness of the proposed mixed controller designing method.
Non‐linear model predictive control for visual servoing systems incorporating iterative linear quadratic Gaussian
Authors: Wu Jinhui , Jin Zhehao , Liu Andong , Yu Li
Published: June 2020

This study proposes a modified non‐linear model predictive control (NMPC) to deal with the point stabilisation for the image‐based visual servoing (IBVS) of a wheeled mobile robot by using the iterative linear quadratic Gaussian (iLQG) algorithm. Firstly, an IBVS non‐linear system is modelled by taking the image coordinates and angle into account simultaneously. By setting a loss function, a model predictive control minimisation problem with an input constraint is formulated. Then, an iLQG‐based NMPC strategy is proposed to obtain the optimal solution where a dual‐gradient descent is used to deal with the input constraint and a specific Lorentzian ρ‐function is added into the loss function to reduce the static error. Finally, numerical simulations and several comparisons are demonstrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Retracted: Jointly network image processing: multi‐task image semantic segmentation of indoor scene based on CNN
Authors: Huang Li , He Meiling , Tan Chong , Jiang Du , Li Gongfa , Yu Hui
Published: June 2020

Image semantic segmentation has always been a research hotspot in the field of robots. Its purpose is to assign different semantic category labels to objects by segmenting different objects. However, in practical applications, in addition to knowing the semantic category information of objects, robots also need to know the position information of objects to complete more complex visual tasks. Aiming at a complex indoor environment, this study designs an image semantic segmentation network framework of joint target detection. Using the parallel operation of adding semantic segmentation branches to the target detection network, it innovatively implements multi‐vision task combining object classification, detection and semantic segmentation. By designing a new loss function, adjusting the training using the idea of transfer learning, and finally verifying it on the self‐built indoor scene data set, the experiment proves that the method in this study is feasible and effective, and has good robustness.
Tracking cryptographic keys and encrypted data using position verification
Authors: Galambos Máté , Bacsárdi László
Published: June 2020

Position verification is an emerging field of quantum cryptography. Its goal is to verify whether a distant communicating party is telling the truth about where they are. However, the problem is usually formulated in a way that the position is the only credential of that party, which cannot guarantee uniqueness. In this study, the authors show how a practically secure position verification algorithm – assuming it exists – might be used to track (i.e. repeatedly verify the position) of some unique key or cipher text. To achieve this, they rely on pre‐prepared position verification data called trackers. They also propose three algorithms that implement their general tracking scheme and examine some questions related to their security. These implementations include shuffling trackers into valuable data and hiding their memory address through a random permutation; using CNOT operations to entangle valuable data and trackers; and using random qubit strings from which either trackers or secret keys can be produced at will. These methods may be used to track a diplomatic package or reveal the location of a malicious party during a denial of service attack.
Field verification of a novel and simple partial discharge detection method for generator applications
Authors: Herath Thathsara , Kumara Sarath , Bandara Kapila , Wijayakulasooriya Janaka , Fernando Manjula , Jayanatha Gawasinghe A.
Published: June 2020

This study introduces a simple and novel partial discharge (PD) detection method for generator condition monitoring applications. The proposed method uses statistical operator ‘Variance’ which is proportional to the power of an electrical signal. It was validated by field measurement conducted at four in service hydro‐generators: two having heavily aged windings and the other two having identical new. First, accuracy of detecting PD pulses was verified by comparing with wavelet‐based method. The proposed method detected all the PD pulses with a ‘Precision’ higher than 90% and recall of 100%. As the second step phase resolved PD (PRPD) patterns generated using the proposed method were compared with commercial PD monitoring systems. It was found that the overall similarity was above 0.75. Finally, extracted PD pulses were used to calculate the polarity wise dissipated PD energies. The calculated energies were correlated with identified PD sources through series of off‐line tests and visual inspections. It was observed that discharges due to loosen windings and corona activity were well correlated with estimated PD energies. All these validation processes indicated that the proposed method effectively and accurately detect PD pulses and can be used as a diagnostic tool for generator applications.
Grid‐searching method in polar coordinate system for PD location in substations
Authors: Hu Yue , Li Yandong , Huang Hongyi , Wang Ke
Published: June 2020

This study presents a grid‐searching method in polar coordinate system (GSMIPCS) for the partial discharge (PD) location, in which the grids were divided into sectors according to radial distance r, azimuthal angle θ and polar angle φ. After theoretically proving that the positioning angle error, based on time difference of arriving algorithm, is relatively small, this study gives the process of PD positioning in two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional polar coordinates. Thereafter, this study discusses the optimal setting of grid parameters. The simulation results show that the success rate of angle positioning (SROAP), i.e. a percentage of positioning number with positioning angle error <2° in the total positioning number, for θ angle using two‐dimensional (2D) GMSIPCS is 95.87%. For 3D GMSIPCS, the SROAP for θ and φ are 86.18 and 92%, respectively; and the computational cost is lower to 216. Finallly, on‐site experiments in the substation verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Lightning impulse breakdown path and characteristics with dielectric BMC barrier inserted sphere‐plane electrode
Authors: Seok Bok‐Yeol , Choi Won
Published: June 2020

This study deals with the electrical breakdown characteristics of the sphere‐plane electrode system with the dielectric barrier of bulk moulding compound (BMC) material under the positive lightning impulse voltage. The sphere electrode has a spherical shape of 50 mm in diameter and suspended with a metal rod of 10 mm in diameter, while the plane electrode has a circular with a diameter of 350 mm. The dielectric barrier has a square plate shape of BMC material, and the dimension is changed from 80 × 80 to 240 × 240 mm2. Experimental results show that electrical breakdown paths could be identified into three categories, depending on the dielectric barrier position and the dimension. The larger and farther away from the sphere electrode the dimension of the dielectric barrier is, the occurrence probability of electrical breakdown through the penetration of dielectric barrier becomes. It was confirmed that the breakdown voltage considerably depends on the dimension of the dielectric barrier and the dielectric barrier position.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of six‐degree‐of‐freedom force/thrust measurement stand
Authors: Jun Zhang , Akbar Muhammad Ayaz , Xin Lei Wang , Yi Hua Chen , Danaish
Published: June 2020

Thrust testing units with a piezoelectric dynamometer have unique traits such as excessive stiffness, tremendous measurement accuracy, dynamic performance and no hysteresis. These are widely used in the applications requiring force/thrust measurements in the aerospace industry and high‐end tool condition monitoring. The performance of these units is necessary to be evaluated. In this study, an improved layout of six‐degree of freedom force/thrust measurement stand is proposed and analysed theoretically and experimentally. The measurement stand is a structural component to measure six components of force, such as axial force/thrust (FX, FY, and FZ ) and other components (MX, MY, and MZ ). Test stand consists of seven piezoelectric sensors in two sections. The front part consists of four piezoelectric force sensors, while the rear part consists of three sensors. The rear section is hexagonal, with three sensors mounted at 120°. The measurement stand can measure the principal force/thrust up to 50,000 N. A mathematical model is derived for every sensor against forces in all directions. To calibrate the stand, a calibration platform is designed and fabricated. The calibration platform can generate a range of forces/moments. Calibration experiments verifies that the measurement stand is fairly functional to measure variety of forces/moments with high repeatability.
How the Local People Face the Rapid Change of the Tropical Freshwater Wetland Environment
Authors: Slamat Krisdianto , Anshary Pahmi , Kadarsyah Anang , Oksi Susilawati Ika
Published: June 2020

Barito River crosses from the northeast of Central Kalimantan province, but almost two-third of 1000 km length lies in South Kalimantan. While water comes from Schwaner Mountain in the upper, this river receives water from Meratus pass through five big rivers, such as Tabalong, Batang Alai, Pagat, Amandit, and Riam Kiwa. Before the water flowed into Barito River, it retains for sometimes in the low land swampy area, forming huge lowland muddy into shallow lakes, simply named wetlands. How do people commit to sustainability living in extreme tropical wetlands for generations? The ecological investigation was conducted for 2016 – 2019, in-situ observation on the daily life-behavior of local people of 200 local people living Barito Kuala, Tapin, Hulu Sungai Selatan, Hulu Sungai Tengah, Hulu Sungai Utara residences, their technologies, their progress in sustainability development. Data was collected by interviewing directly to the local, face to face, meeting with family, observing and confirming nature with them, as well as studying scientific articles and grey literature from official reports. Statistical calculation helps to compare several data sets, as well as serial of photographs, which documented to support the evidence visually. In conclusion, the locals face the rapid change environments which influence their life, income, health, and their properties and prosperity. Mostly, they complain that life is much more difficult now than several decades ago.
Engaging Palm Oil and Hot Spot Area to Mitigate Forest Fires
Authors: Lestari Ariesta , Puspita Ayu Katriani
Published: June 2020

Forest fire is one of environmental problem happens in Central Kalimantan. The fire does not only damage the forest ecosystem and biodiversity but also threaten the health and socio-economic of local people. Forest fire in Central Kalimantan is widely known as human-made, such as the process of shifting cultivation and land clearing. The expansion of forest into palm oil plantation is often blamed as the cause of forest fire since the forest clearing involves a massive amount of fires. Therefore, this study aims to explore whether the existence of palm oil cultivation contributes to the occurrence of forest fires. We used satellite imagery of hotspot, and overlay it with the land use data to generate the fire risk zone map using geographic information system (GIS) method. Through the map, the risk of fire can be monitored in advance to help the fire authority provide the act of mitigation. The result of this study suggested that risk mapping is vital for forest fire management to mitigate the spread of forest fire. The region to be fire-prone within the palm oil cultivation is suggested to form a preventive act through active forest-fires monitoring. In sum, this study is expected to provide a map of forest fires' risk around the cultivation area, mainly palm oil plantation, and help the fire authorities as well as stakeholders to identify the risk zone for fires prevention in the future.
Proapoptosis Effect of Root of Eurycoma longifolia (Pasak Bumi) on the Prostate Cancer: In Silico Analysis
Authors: Yudha Rahman Eka , Ali Mulyohadi , Bambang Purnomo Basuki , Kania Nia
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to predict the proapoptosis effect of E. longifolia active compounds on prostate cancer by in silico analysis. Protein data such as BCL-2 (GI: 2506216), Caspase 3 (GI: 6978605), Caspase 8(GI: 11560103), data quassinoid (ID: 5459060 and chantin (ID: 97176) were collected from GenBank of NCBI. Protein BCL-2 collected from NCBI compare with Protein Data Bank (PDB) and UNIPROT. The docking process was carried out using software HEX 8.0. to compute the binding affinity between ligands (active compounds of Pasak Bumi) and protein target. The interaction between quassinoid and chantin was strongest and stable against caspase-9, indicating that the active ingredient in E. longifolia triggered caspase-9 activity after activation of BH3 domains in Bcl-2 in prostate cancer. The low energy binding between quassinoid and chantin with caspase-3 indicates the interaction between the active ingredients is not strong with caspase-3. E. longifolia active ingredients that are potentially used in the treatment of prostate cancer are quassinoid and chantin by inducing apoptotic mechanisms via both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. The combination of active ingredients of E. longifolia that is quassinoid and chantin can be used as a strategy of prostate cancer therapy both through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.
The Abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Infective Propagules Under Galam Stand at Shallow Peat of South Kalimantan
Authors: Wira Yuwati Tri , Noveani Rusalinda Rahmi Annisa , Surya Hakim Safinah , Badruzsaufari
Published: June 2020

Colonization of arbuscular mycorrhiza on plants has been reported to give benefit to p lants, especially at extreme sites such as degraded peatland. Galam (Mela leuca ca juputi) is an indigenous peatland species which grows on acidic condition. The number of arbuscular mycorrhiza infective propagules is important to be determined concerning the galam regeneration due to its offered benefits that support colonization. This research aims to determine the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhiza infective propagules under galam stand and to describe symbiotic forms of AMF colonization on the roots of galam. The Most Probable Number (MPN) method, wet sieving, and root staining from the modification of Vierherlig et al., 1996, and the calculation of root’s mycorrhizal colonization by grid line technique were the methods that were used in this research. The research used Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with a 5-fold factorial pattern. The results of this study indicated a significant difference between the abundance of AMF under galam stands at the depth of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm respectively . The results of spores identification showed 4 genera of spores, namely: Glomus, Gigaspora, Scutellospora, and Acaulospora. The structure of root colonizations were hyphae, spores, vesicles, and arbuscular.
Water and wastewater management for sustainable viticulture and oenology in South Portugal – a review
Authors: Costa Joaquim M. , Oliveira Margarida , Egipto Ricardo J. , Cid João F. , Fragoso Rita A. , Lopes Carlos M. , Duarte Elisabeth N.
Published: June 2020

Assessing sustainability of the wine industry requires improved characterization of its environmental impacts, namely in terms of water use. Therefore, quantification of water inputs and wastewater (WW) outputs is needed to highlight inefficiencies in wine production and related consequences for the environment. Water use and WW generation in irrigated viticulture and oenology remains insufficiently quantified for dry Mediterranean regions (e.g.South Portugal). This paper is focused on wine production under warm and dry climate conditions in the winegrowing region of Alentejo (South Portugal). This region experiences increasingly dry conditions, while the irrigated area keeps expanding, which puts exacerbates the pressure on existing local and regional water resources. Additionally, more erratic variation in climate conditions and the tendency for increasingly extreme climate events (e.g.heat waves) pose more challenges to Alentejo’s wine sector. We conclude that quantitative information on water use and management is not always easy to obtain or access, which hinders improved strategies and/or policies for water use at farm, winery and region-level. Up-to-date statistics and robust metrics can help to better characterize water use and WW flows for Alentejo’s wine region, while optimizing management in vineyards and wineries, in companies and region-wide. The paper is focused on a “Farm-Winery” scenario, which is the most common in South Portugal’s wine sector
Seasonal variation in functional composition and diversity of cladoceran zooplankton of a lotic eutrophic habitat from India
Authors: Padhye Sameer M.
Published: June 2020

This study explores the seasonal variation in functional composition, diversity and redundancy of Cladocera from an Indian lotic eutrophic habitat using two-year sampling data. Two seasonal clusters distinguishable by faunal and functional diversity patterns were obtained. Cluster A comprised of four functional groups while the ctenopod filter feeders were absent in cluster B. Cluster A had more number of species, higher functional divergence and lower redundancy than cluster B. Relatively, higher divergence values observed during the cluster A time period could be associated with set of functionally varied species occurring throughout the season. Decline in redundancy values seen within cluster A might be explained by the loss of littoral and benthic species in the peak of summer due to disappearance of submerged macrophytes and an increased nutrient load. Peculiar occurrence ofMoinaspecies in the most polluted months needs further investigation as a potential local pollution indicator.
Review on globularization of titanium alloy with lamellar colony
Authors: Zhang Jian , Li Hongwei , Zhan Mei
Published: June 2020

The globularization of titanium alloy with lamellar colony during hot working is an important way to obtain fine and homogeneous microstructure which has excellent mechanical properties. Because of its great technological importance, globularization has captured wide attention and much research. This paper conducts a systematic study on state of art on globularization of titanium alloy, which mainly includes globularization mechanism, prediction model and the effects of hot-working parameters and microstructure parameters. Firstly, the shortcomings of the well-known globularization mechanisms (dynamic recrystallization, boundary splitting, shearing mechanism and termination migration) were summarized. Moreover, the comparison and analysis of prediction models were accomplished through tabular form. In addition, the effects of hot-working parameters (strain, strain rate, temperature) and microstructure parameters (alpha/beta interface, geometry necessary dislocation and high temperature parent beta phase) were systematically summarized and analyzed. Meanwhile, this study also explores those difficulties and challenges faced by precise control on globularization. Finally, an outlook and development tendency of globularization of titanium alloy are also provided, which includes microstructure evolution of three-dimensional lamellar alpha, the relationship between lamellar colony and mechanical properties and the effect of severe plastic deformation on globularization.