bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential influence of overpressurized gas on the induced seismicity in the St. Gallen deep geothermal project (Switzerland)
Authors: Zbinden Dominik , Rinaldi Antonio Pio , Diehl Tobias , Wiemer Stefan
Published: November 2019

Abstract. In July 2013, the city of St. Gallen conducted a deep geothermal project that aimed to exploit energy for district heating and generating power. A few days after an injection test and two acid stimulations that caused only minor seismicity, a gas kick forced the operators to inject drilling mud to combat the kick. Subsequently, multiple earthquakes were induced on a fault several hundred meters away from the well, including a ML 3.5 event that was felt throughout the nearby population centers. Given the occurrence of a gas kick and a felt seismic sequence with low total injected fluid volumes (~ 1200 m3), the St. Gallen deep geothermal project represents a particularly interesting case study of induced seismicity. Here, we first present a conceptual model based on seismic, borehole and seismological data suggesting a hydraulic connection between the well and the fault. The overpressurized gas, which is assumed to be initially sealed by the fault, may have been released due to the stimulations before entering the well via the hydraulic connection. We test this hypothesis with a numerical model calibrated against the borehole pressure of the injection test. We successfully reproduce the gas kick and the temporal and spatial characteristics of the main seismicity sequence that followed the well control operation. The results indicate that the gas may have destabilized the fault during and after the injection operations and could have enhanced the resulting seismicity. This study may have important implications for future deep hydrothermal projects conducted in similar geological conditions.
Decadal changes in the leading patterns of sea level pressure in the Arctic and their impacts on the sea ice variability in boreal summer
Authors: Choi Nakbin , Kim Kyu-Myong , Lim Young-Kwon , Lee Myong-In
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Besides its negative trend, the interannual and the interdecadal changes in the Arctic sea ice have also been pronounced in recent decades. The three leading modes in the sea level pressure (SLP) variability in the Arctic (70–90∘ N) – the Arctic Oscillation (AO), the Arctic Dipole (AD), and the third mode (A3) – are analyzed to understand the linkage between sea ice variability and large-scale atmospheric circulation in boreal summer (June–August). This study also compares the decadal changes of the modes between the early (1982–1997) and the recent (1998–2017) periods and their influences on the Arctic sea ice extent (SIE). Only the AD mode shows a significant correlation increase with SIE in summer (JJA) from −0.05 in the early period to 0.57 in the recent period. The AO and the A3 modes show a less significant relationship with SIE for the two periods. The AD is characterized by a dipole pattern of SLP, which modulates the strength of meridional surface winds and the Transpolar Drift Stream (TDS). The major circulation change in the late 1990s is that the direction of the wind has been changed more meridionally over the exit region of the Fram Strait, which causes sea ice drift and discharge through that region. In addition, the response of surface albedo and the net surface heat flux becomes larger and much clearer, suggesting a positive sea-ice–albedo feedback in the sea ice variability associated with the AD. The analysis also reveals that the zonal shift of the centers of SLP anomalies and associated circulation change affects a significant reduction in sea ice concentration over the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean. This study further suggests that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) phase change could influence the spatial pattern change in the AD.
El concepto de mentira política organizada en Hannah Arendt
Authors: Martín Lucas G.
Published: November 2019

El propósito de este artículo es analizar el concepto de mentira moderna u organizada en la obra de Hannah Arendt. Con agudeza, Arendt pone de relieve una experiencia particular del Mundo Moderno, aquella en la que una comunidad puede falsear deliberadamente realidades conocidas por todos y tener la mentira como principio político. Esta comprensión pone al concepto en un registro diferente del tradicional de los arcana dominationis. Nuestro argumento intenta clarificar analíticamente el concepto, señalar su pertinencia y vincularlo a una idea de auto-institución de las sociedades entendidas como colectividades históricamente activas.
“Endemoniadamente humana”. Adorno y las grietas del clasicismo en la "Ifigenia" de Goethe
Authors: Maiso Jordi
Published: November 2019

El artículo explicita la problemática que Adorno explorara en su breve texto “Sobre el clasicismo en la Ifigenia de Goethe”, publicado en 1967. Si el drama de Goethe se considera uno de los puntos culminantes de la institución burguesa del arte y un caso ejemplar de la revisitación de la Antigüedad en el clasicismo temprano, aquí nos interesa analizar las ambivalencias que Adorno detecta en el clasicismo a partir de esta obra. Según su análisis, en el centro de la obra late la tensión entre civilización y barbarie, que se articula a partir de la propia noción de mito y la posibilidad de reconciliarlo. El análisis adorniano del drama de Goethe se interpreta así en continuidad con la dialéctica de la Ilustración, revelando los momentos en los que los ideales del clasicismo se resquebrajan, poniendo de manifiesto sus contradicciones. Es desde aquí desde donde cobra significación la figura femenina de Ifigenia como “endemoniadamente humana”.
Desplegando a Melusina. Acerca de un proyecto inconcluso de Walter Benjamin
Authors: Vinardell Puig Teresa
Published: November 2019

Durante largo tiempo Walter Benjamin acarició la idea de escribir un ensayo sobre el cuento “La nueva Melusina”, de Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, aunque nunca llegó a realizar su propósito. Se ha señalado ya, acertadamente, la afinidad de este relato con la micrología benjaminiana. El presente artículo desarrolla cómo el cuento de Goethe, refleja en su argumento aspectos extrapolables a cómo concibió Benjamin el arte del narrador y la tarea del filólogo. Asimismo se encuentran analogías entre el texto de Goethe y algunas de las ideas de Benjamin sobre la naturaleza de la infancia y la evocación o el sentimiento amorosos.
Cavilando sobre "Ficción y Verdad"
Authors: Ripalda José M.
Published: November 2019

El autor sugiere traducir la autobiografía de Goethe Dichtung und Wahrheit como Ficción y verdad y a partir de ahí traza diferentes relaciones entre estos dos términos en Goethe y algunas figuras de la Klassik y el romanticismo alemán. Lo que Fichte elaboró como la idea de la imaginación productiva, el primer romanticismo lo convirtió en la liberación total de la fantasía. Para Novalis el mundo de la fantasía se correspondía casi con el mundo real. Hölderlin, a partir de su entrada en la locura, es aquel para quien la ficción de los “dioses griegos” prevaleció sobre la “verdad”. Wagner, por su parte, creó un mundo de verdad para sus “dioses nórdicos”. En Goethe, finalmente, es la imagen literaria y su carácter productivo la que sirve como refugio a lo divino. Pero en él se da un ida y vuelta entre la ficción y la verdad por el que la ficción valida su verdad y viceversa.
Use of Mobile Dictionary in University Students’ Class: A Study of Teachers’ Perspective in Pakistan
Authors: Din Muhammad
Published: November 2019

Revolutionary changes have been brought about in teaching and learning environment with the introduction of electronic formats in classrooms. Mobile dictionaries are potentially valuable learning tools today. This study has strived to get insight into the prospects of using mobile dictionary in an EFL classroom of university students of Pakistan with reference to teachers’ perspective. The aims of this study are to know foreign language teachers’ point of view regarding the use of mobile dictionary in English class, investigate the challenges in introducing this e-tool and explore the benefits EFL learners can have through the use of mobile dictionaries in English class. To achieve the objectives of this quantitative study, the researcher has got a questionnaire filled by fifty English language teachers working at different government colleges in Pakistan. The questionnaire which was used to collect data from college teachers consisted of two sections. The first section comprised of fifteen questionnaire items on five-point Likert scale the second section consisted of two open-ended questions. The reliability of the first part of the questionnaire was computed through SPSS (XX). It has been found that most of the college teachers are of the view that the use of mobile dictionary in an EFL class of university students will help them learn vocabulary, pronunciation of words and word origin. These EFL learners can also access authentic content and develop their language competence through the use of mobile phone dictionary in the class. Apart from this, the participants have also pointed out some problems which can be a hindrance in using mobile dictionary in an EFL classroom in the context of Pakistan.
Physico-chemical Characterization and Zero Valent Iron Treatment of Borehole Water of Maroua-Cameroon
Authors: Tsamo Cornelius , Koffa Guillaume Patrice , Astaharam LADY
Published: November 2019

The quality of borehole water of Maroua was evaluated using physico-chemical properties and treated using Fe/sand mixture of different composition and 100% sand in the reactive zone column filtration. While the pH, iron and chloride amounts were generally within WHO standards other measured parameters were generally above these standards. The Fe/sand system improves pH and entirely removes colour than 100% sand system. It also more performant for hardness removal in three days than 100% sand but the latter is more efficient over a longer period. There is a reduction in the flow rate of the Fe/sand mixture. The borehole water of Maroua I council area is not very potable and can be rendered more potable by using a cheap and simple filtration system based on sand and Fe.
Evaluation of Employment Competitiveness of City-based and Application-oriented College Graduates and a Comparative Analysis of Their Differences—A Case Study of Beijing Union University
Authors: Jiang Liping , Li Bin , Wu Keqiang , Yan Ning
Published: November 2019

As a city-based and application-oriented college, Beijing Union University focuses on cultivating application-oriented talents to meet the needs of city development. In recent years, the number of college graduates has increased, the demand for talents has become increasingly high, and the employment situation for graduates has become increasingly grim. This paper takes the 2019 graduates of Beijing Union University as the objects of investigation, and conducts research on the employment competitiveness of graduates through questionnaires and interviews. It is found that in terms of environment adaptability and the concept of employment, there are significant differences among graduates from different registered permanent residences and habitual residences; Party members and females have significantly higher levels of professionalism and foreign language proficiency than those of non-Party members and males; and the family income of graduates from Beijing and who live in cities is relatively better. Based on the existing research results, some suggestions have been made for both individual college graduates and higher education institutions.
Deconstructing Non-Native English-Speaking Teachers’ Professional Identity: Looking Through a Hybrid Lens
Authors: Nigar Nshid , Kostogriz Alex
Published: November 2019

This article critically analyses how the construct of non-native English-speaking teachers’ (NNESTs) professional identity has evolved in the context of binary logic and power relations. From a socio-historical point of view, colonial origin of English language teaching and native speaker ideology have been identified as prominent discursive influences of NNESTs’ professional identity. Although influenced by (post)colonial discourses, research into NNESTs’ professional identity is now veering off to a new direction that questions the binary logic and explores experiences beyond the boundary between the native self and the non-native other. This paper argues that nativeness and non-nativeness are not mutually exclusive and objective categories for NNESTs’ professional identity. Their identity is rather subject to constant innovation and plasticity. Beyond the critical analysis of the native speaker construct, the paper proposes a professional conceptualisation of a hybrid professional identity of NNESTs in a third space of reflection, enunciation and productive articulation.
A Content Analysis of the English Language Development Courses in Bangladeshi University English Departments
Authors: Mamun Md. Abdullah Al
Published: November 2019

Syllabus, as one of the most important tools of teaching-learning, must contain necessary contents. A clearly designed, well-presented syllabus with the contents following the best practices in the field is a prerequisite for effective teaching. To analyze the contents of the syllabi of English language development courses of Bangladeshi university English departments, this study prepared a checklist of an ideal syllabus following the relevant literature and theories. The study has found that the contents in those syllabuses are presented in a haphazard way. They cannot the meet most of the criteria of an ideal syllabus in terms of contents. Most of them have only some learning topics or items as contents; and names of some books as materials. Regarding the other aspects like goals and objectives, assessment, rubric, teaching-learning methodologies, types of useful materials etc., the syllabuses present a very poor scenario. In the presentation and organisation, a linear fashion is found seemingly without any grading.
Cavitation as a Potential Technology for Wastewater Management – An Example of Enhanced Nutrient Release from Secondary Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge
Authors: Sežun Mija , Kosel Janez , Zupanc Mojca , Hočevar Marko , Vrtovšek Janez , Petkovšek Martin , Dular Matevž
Published: November 2019

Wastewater recycling and sludge removal in the paper industry account for about 60 % of all process costs. New and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment techniques are, therefore, continually being developed. Cavitation exploitation is currently a well-investigated topic that is also interesting for the paper production industry. This study investigates efficiency of hydrodynamic cavitation alone and in combination with the addition of NaOH for the treatment of secondary pulp and paper mill sludge in order to enhance nutrient release. First, two laboratory-scale devices were tested: the blow-through and the rotating hydrodynamic cavitation generator. The latter set-up proved to be more efficient: therefore, further experiments were performed on its pilot-scale version. The results showed an increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) by 514 mg/L, total nitrogen (Nt) by 17.4 mg/L, and total phosphorous (Pt) by 2.3 mg/L. To further increase nutrient release combination of cavitation and sludge sample alkalinization was tested. The addition of NaOH and 30 min cavitation of secondary sludge (500 L) significantly improved CODs and Nt release by 2400 mg/L and 120 mg/L, respectively. Microbiological photos revealed a definite disintegration of sludge flocks. According to our estimates, 1.9 kg of released CODs from alkaline pre-treated and cavitated sludge would cost only one euro.
Revealing the Thermodynamic Background of the Memory Effect in Phase Separating Cathode Materials
Authors: Zelič Klemen , Mele Igor , Pačnik Ivo , Moškon Jože , Gaberšček Miran , Katrašnik Tomaž
Published: November 2019

Phase separating Li-ion battery cell cathode materials feature a well-known phenomenon called the memory effect. It manifests itself as an abnormal change in working voltage being dependent on cell cycling history. It was only recently that plausible mechanistic reasoning of the memory effect in Li-ion batteries was proposed. However, the existing literature does still not consistently reveal a phenomenological background for the onset or absence of the memory effect. This paper provides strong experimental and theoretical evidence of the memory effect in phase separating Li-ion battery cathode materials. Specifically, the background leading to the onset or absence of the memory effect and the underlying causal chain of phenomena from the collective particle-by-particle intra-electrode phenomena to macroscopic voltage output of the battery are presented and discussed. The results, clearly reveal that no memory effect is observed and predicted for low cut off voltages, whereas the absence of the first rest in memory writing cycle does not result in the absence of the memory effect, as previously believed. In addition, excellent agreement between the simulated and measured results is shown which, on one hand confirms the credibility of the combined analyses and, on the other, provides clear causal relations from macroscopic experimental parameters to simulated phenomena on the particle level.
Influence of 3% slip stabilizing paste added to flexographic inks on coefficient of friction of OPP cast film
Authors: Zakrzewska Małgorzata , Podsiadło Halina
Published: November 2019

For a number of years, flexographic printing has been used in the process for the production of flexible packaging as well as other applications where high quality is required. Today, this printing technology is highly automated in all phases of the process. Production time is shorter and product quality is constantly improved. Flexographic inks consist of three main ingredients: pigment, binder and solvent., Each of these components has different functions, however, one depends on the others. Additives used for ink can be of various types. They can be added during ink production or during the printing process to improve printing properties. The film coefficient of friction is one of very important parameters in the flexographic printing process. The determination of static and dynamic coefficient of friction is particularly useful for film substrates that are further processed in packaging and printing machines. The value of the COF is a guide for further processing and refers to the surface structure, which in turn is important for printing. Influencing COF gives packaging manufactures the opportunity to optimize performance and avoid problems during the printing and packaging process, transport, and storage of packaging. In order to examine the effect of the addition of slip stabilizing paste on COF of OPP cast film and on the printing process, a test was carried out in a printing house using the 8-colour UTECO machine with a central cylinder. The amount of 3% additive was added to flexographic ink.
Ammonia dilution during nitriding and carbonitridingin a fluidized bed of 41CrAlMo7 constructional steel
Authors: Żółciak Tadeusz , Łataś Zbigniew
Published: November 2019

Nitriding of 41CrAlMo7 steel was carried out in a fluidized bed of aluminum oxide at a constant temperature of 570oC/4h in ammonia with technical nitrogen or with nitrogen-hydrogen mixture. Carbonitriding was carried out in ammonia with technical nitrogen for two different carbon carriers. In addition, one process was carried out in ammonia with the addition of 5% propane. The influence of diluting ammonia with pure and technical nitrogen upon the hardness and thickness of the nitrided layer was investigated. The hardness and thickness of the carbonitrided layer in ammonia with technical nitrogen and natural gas or carbon dioxide were compared with the parameters of the layer carbonitrided in ammonia and propan. High surface hardness and thickness of the nitrided layer were obtained with the participation of 70% of pure nitrogen or 30% of technical nitrogen in a mixture with ammonia after preliminary oxidation at 350oC/ 30min in air. In case of carbonitriding, the highest hardness and thickness of the nitrided layer were obtained in a mixture of ammonia with and the addition of 5% propane, and the highest thickness of the nitride compound zone in a mixture of ammonia and technical nitrogen with the addition of natural gas or carbon dioxide.
Mecanismo Eficiente para Disseminação do Tráfego de Controle em Redes de Sensores Sem Fio Cluster-Tree baseadas no IEEE 802.15.4
Authors: Lino Miguel , Vasconcelos Vitor , Leão Erico , Soares André , Montez Carlos , Moraes Ricardo , Vasques Francisco
Published: November 2019

As normas IEEE 802.15.4 e ZigBee definem a pilha de protocolos amplamente utilizada na operação de Redes de Sensores sem Fio (RSSF). A topologia cluster-tree, suportada por estas normas, oferece recursos como escalabilidade, sendo apontada pela literatura como a mais adequada para a implementação de aplicações de RSSFs em larga escala. Entretanto, essas redes podem sofrer com congestionamentos e atrasos devido aos seus diferentes padrões de tráfego. Por um lado, são usualmente priorizadas as mensagens do tráfego de monitoramento geradas por nós sensores, que seguem em direção ao coordenador da rede (tráfego upstream); por outro, sofrem maiores atrasos as mensagens de controle que seguem o tráfego inverso (tráfego downstream). Este artigo propõe um mecanismo eficiente para a rápida disseminação do tráfego de controle em RSSFs cluster-tree. A ideia principal consiste em combinar um esquema de escalonamento híbrido periódico, com a definição de janelas de oportunidade Top-Down, com um esquema de configuração adequada dos parâmetros CSMA-CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) para os nós coordenadores, a fim de possibilitar uma rápida disseminação das mensagens de controle, sem gerar impactos relevantes para o típico tráfego de monitoramento. Resultados de simulações mostram que a definição de janelas de oportunidades Top-Down, aliada com uma adequada configuração de valores macMinBE e macMaxBE para nós coordenadores, podem reduzir significativamente os atrasos de comunicação e aumentar a taxa de entrega de mensagens de controle, sem interferir de forma relevante nas métricas do tráfego de monitoramento, mesmo em cenários de grande densidade de nós sensores.
SD-FANET: uma Arquitetura para Redes Aéreas Definidas por Software Aplicadas à Varredura de Área
Authors: Pereira Diego , Nascimento Luís , Santos Vitor , Fernandes Daniel , Alsina Pablo
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho apresenta uma arquitetura baseada em redes definidas por software (Software-Defined Network - SDN), intitulada SD-FANET, para gerenciar um sistema de múltiplos VANTs (Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados) utilizado na varredura de área de impacto de foguetes suborbitais. Tal aplicação está contida no projeto SPACEVANT, o qual está em andamento. Para idealização da arquitetura SD-FANET, além dos requisitos da aplicação de varredura de área e do projeto, foram tomadas como referência outras soluções disponíveis na literatura. Nesse sentido é feita uma comparação entre arquiteturas conforme características importantes para esse tipo de aplicação. Como resultado é apresentado o design da arquitetura, o qual é composto por um controlador SDN hierárquico distribuído capaz de implementar funções de gerenciamento de monitoramento, mobilidade, topologia, roteamento, QoS e eleição. As funções de todos os componentes são descritas, assim como todo o fluxo de mensagens.
An Environment for Indoor Testing and Diagnosis of Drones using Co-simulation
Authors: Abreu Renato R. de , Oliveira Thyago , Silva Leydson , Nascimento Tiago P. , Brito Alisson V.
Published: November 2019

The objective of this work is to present a testing tool, which analyzes and evaluates drones during the flight in indoor environments. For this purpose, the framework Ptolemy II was extended for communication with real drones using the High-Level Architecture (HLA) for data exchanging and synchronization. The presented testing environment is extendable for other testing routines and is ready for integration with other simulation and analysis tools. In this paper, two failure detection experiments were performed, with a total of 20 flights for each one, which 80% were used to train a decision tree algorithm, and the other 20% flights to test the algorithm in which one of the propellers had an anomaly. The failure rate or detection rate was 70% for the first experiment and 90% for the second one.
A Human Rights-Based Approach to Maternal and Child Health in Ethiopia: Does it Matter to Promote Health Equities?
Authors: Tekle Abegaz Solomon
Published: November 2019

A rights-based approach to health helps to address health equity gaps. While several aspects of health as a human right exist, this chapter highlights particular indicators relevant to shaping a human rights approach to maternal and child health in Ethiopia. These indicators include recognition of the right to health; national health plan; accessible and acceptable health-care services; accountability; and a civil society that draws on the agency of vulnerable groups. Probing the extent to which the Ethiopian health system includes these features, this chapter identifies that the Federal Constitution does not adequately recognize maternal and child health as a human right. While identifying the positive developments of increased access to women’s and children’s health-care services in Ethiopia, the chapter also charts problems that limit further improvement, including health workers’ inability from making the right health-care decisions; extreme gaps in ensuring accountability; and a restrictive law that restrains social mobilization for a proper health rights movement. The chapter concludes by providing recommendations to the government of Ethiopia that addressing these problems using a rights-based approach offers an alternative pathway for the progressive realization of the right to health of women and children, and it thereby improves health inequities in the country.
Shikhara Style Temples and its Importance in Nepal
Authors: Keyal Hema , Wan Yuan Shu ,   Society for Indian Philosophy and Religion
Published: November 2019

The design of Hindu temple follows the design of vastupurusha-mandala as described in several Hindu texts on architecture. The design of temple is divided into ground plan and vertical alignment, the superstructure. Herein the present study, our focus is on architecture of the superstructure, especially Shikhara style of superstmcture, in the temple of Nepal. Shikhara style architecture came into Nepal from Lidia over a millennium ago. The purpose of this research is to understand the significance of Shikhara Style temples in the capital of Nepal, the Kathmandu valley. The first segment of the study reports the overall architecture of Hindu temple and then the common styles of architecture of superstructure (vertical alignment/tower) applied in building the temples in Nepal, which involves the Shikhara Style, the Pagoda Style, and the Stupa Style. The Shikhara style architecture is described in detail while other two are briefly discussed. The second segment of the study introduces some of the recognized temples of the Kathmandu valley that have Shikhara style architecture. And finally summing up everything, the conclusion of this research tries to recognize, acknowledge and bring to the fore the significance of Shikhara style temples in Nepal and also wrap the research by understanding the concept of architecture through pre-ancient perspective.
Encuesta sobre la libertad de expresión
Authors: Carrillo López Marc , Corredeira Alfonso Loreto , Rodríguez Ángel , Sánchez Ferriz Remedio , Solozábal Echavarría Juan José , Urías Martínez Joaquín , Villaverde Menéndez Ignacio
Published: November 2019

En esta encuesta un grupo de profesores de Derecho Constitucional contestan un conjunto de preguntas sobre la libertad de expresión, los retos que debe afrontar en la sociedad digital, los llamados discursos del odio, la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos sobre esta libertad, sus límites y ámbito protegido, y sobre el clásico conflicto con el honor y la intimidad de las personas.In this academic survey a group of Constitutional Law Professors answer some questions about the freedom of speech and its challenges in the digital society, about the called «hate speech», the ECHR doctrine on freedom of speech, the limits and limitations of this right, and the classical conflict with honor and privacy.
La función de los partidos y el Parlamento
Authors: Morlok Martin
Published: November 2019

El condicionamiento de los ciudadanos sobre la política tiene como fin primordial materializar sus intereres y convicciones; y ello lo realizan, principalmente, a través de los partidos políticos. Éstos aglutinan intereses sociales, los captan y los recopilan, dirigen las instituciones de la política e intentan materializar sus fines particularmente mediante la ocupación de las posiciones decisorias. Por eso no sólo nuestra democracia debe a los partidos políticos reconocimiento jurídico como organizaciones especiales, debe revalorizarse el análisis jurídico de los grupos parlamentarios como brazo parlamentario de los partidos.The conditioning of citizens on politics is primarily intended to materialize their interests and convictions; and this is done mainly through political parties. Parties articulate social interests, direct the political institutions and try to materialize their objectives particularly by occupying the decision-making positions. For this reason our democracy owes political parties legal recognition as special organizations, but also the legal it is necessary to analize parliamentary groups as the parliamentary arm of the parties.
"Il tempo moderato" de la intervención coercitiva del Estado (artículo155 CE) en Cataluña: un comentario a las SSTC 89 y 90/2019, en particular, proporcionalidad y test de necesidad o razonabilidad de las medidas
Authors: García Roca Javier
Published: November 2019

El TC ha declarado conforme a la Constitución la primera aplicación del art. 155 CE en Cataluña en virtud del Acuerdo del Gobierno y el Senado de 2017 salvo en un pequeño extremo. Ha definido este procedimiento de intervención como un mecanismo excepcional y sometido a diversos límites. Tras revisar las concretas medidas adoptadas, se estiman constitucionalmente adecuadas. Pero se advierte que no debe aplicarse un test de necesidad a la mismas sino un control externo de razonabilidad.The Constitutional Court has declared under the Constitution the first application of art. 155 CE in Catalonia by means of the Government and Senate agreement of 2017 except to a small extent. This proceeding has been defined as an exceptional mechanism that has to be used with several important restrictions. The whole concrete measures adopted have been considered constitutional. However, the Court warns that cannot apply a test of necessity to this measures but a more external control of reasonableness.
Social representations of teachership based on cover images of Finnish teacher magazine: A visual rhetoric approach
Authors: Martikainen Jari
Published: November 2019

Media plays an important role in the formation of social representations. This study examines the cover images of Finnish Teacher Magazine published by the Trade Union of Education as means of communicating social representations of teachership among its readership consisting of teachers and student teachers. In order to critically discuss the structure of the cover images and their implications in terms of teachers’ professional identity, the study applies a visual rhetoric approach to the study of visually mediated social representations. The data consist of 138 cover images of Teacher Magazine between the years 2013 and 2017. The analysis of visual rhetoric was conducted using content analysis and semiotic analysis that provided means of examining both the visual form of the cover images and meanings communicated through them. Even though this study detects a variety of social representations of teachership, it also identifies a highly homogeneous type of teacher throughout the imagery, which is understood to present the members of the Trade Union with an ideal type of their profession. Consequently, cover images of Teacher Magazine appear to be vehicles of inclusion and exclusion, strengthening certain social representations of teachership and marginalizing others.
A Matlab® Tool for Introducing Basics of Induction Motor Current Signature (IMCS) Analysis
Authors: Idowu P. , Atiyeh J. , Schmitt E. , Morales A.
Published: November 2019

Induction machines are among the most widely used devices in industrial processes because they are robust and well suited for a wide range of applications. This critical role underscores the level of attention given to the early detection of potentially damaging faults. Given this important role, one would expect that undergraduate curricula in electrical engineering would devote some attention to the subject, but this is typically not the case. This paper presents an innovative way of presenting induction motor current signature (IMCS) analysis to undergraduate students within very limited time constraints. The signature analysis tool is developed in Matlab® and features two diagnostic methods. It offers electrical engineering undergraduates a very convenient environment in which to learn the basics of induction motor fault diagnosis.
Detection of Stator-Winding Turn-to-Turn Faults in Induction Motors, Based on Virtual Instrumentation
Authors: Zamarrón A. , Arjona M. A.
Published: November 2019

A virtual instrumentation system for stator turn-to-turn winding-fault detection is presented in this paper. The system can be adopted for industry and academy as a useful tool to prevent unexpected downtime or severe damage to induction motors. The high-frequency carrier-signal injection technique is used to obtain information on machine stator winding. Measurements of the resulting negative-sequence current are used to detect turn-to-turn faults. Since the stator windings are fixed in space, a turn-to-turn fault gives rise to a stationary saliency which appears as a DC component in the spectrum of the negative-sequence carrier-signal current. The proposed virtual instrument shows the relationship of the magnitude of the DC component to the grade of failure of the stator winding.
Non-Ideal Op-Amp Circuit Analysis
Authors: Yang Wuqiang
Published: November 2019

Op-amps are commonly used by instrumentation engineers. In the ideal case, the open-loop gain of an op-amp is regarded as infinite, the input impedance as infinite, and the output impedance as zero. In many cases, however, it is necessary to estimate the performance of an op-amp circuit with consideration of non-ideal parameters, and therefore it is necessary to analyse the non-ideal characteristics of the op-amp circuit. This paper discusses the effect on circuit performance of non-ideal parameters, i.e. finite open-loop gain, finite input impedance and non-zero output impedance of op-amps. A concept ‘loop gain’ is introduced and the dynamic behaviour, i.e. the frequency response, is analysed based on a first-order dynamic model.
Determining the State of N Diodes in a Multi-Diode Network
Authors: Cassara Frank A.
Published: November 2019

Many circuits appearing in pulse and digital electronics are multi-diode networks. In such networks diodes can typically be modeled as either on or off. Determining the states of all diodes can become quite challenging (and sometimes frustrating) for the undergraduate student who has not yet developed intuitive insight into the subject. In this paper a logical and systematic procedure for determining the state of all the diodes in a multi-diode network is presented to simplify the circuit analysis, ease the frustration, and help the student develop physical insight into the design and analysis of electronic circuits.
Low-Cost Commercial Lego™ Platform for Mobile Robotics
Authors: Cuevas Erik , Zaldivar Daniel , Pérez-Cisneros Marco
Published: November 2019

This paper shows the potential of a Lego™-based low-cost commercial robotic platform for learning and testing prototypes in higher education and research. The overall set-up aims to explain mobile robotic issues, including mechatronics, robotics and automatic control theory. The capabilities and limitations of Lego robots are studied within two experiments: the first shows how to eliminate a number of restrictions in Lego robots using some programming alternatives; the second addresses the complex problem of multi-position control. Algorithms and their additional tools have been fully designed, applied and documented, and the results are shown throughout the paper. The platform was found to be suitable for teaching and researching key issues related to the aforementioned fields.
A New Approach to the Discontinuous Conduction Mode in Switching Power Converters
Authors: Pejović Predrag
Published: November 2019

The discontinuous conduction mode in switching power converters is addressed in the paper. Instead of assuming that the load is a linear resistor, an equation is derived that relates the output current to the output voltage and other circuit parameters. Closed-form expressions that relate the output current to the output voltage and the other circuit parameters are obtained for all three of the basic switching converters: buck, boost, and buck–boost. The results obtained apply regardless the load type. To simplify notation, normalization of the output current and the output voltage is introduced. The proposed teaching method has been verified in teaching practice.
Innovative Application of a New PBL Model to Interdisciplinary and Intercultural Projects
Authors: Nielsen J. D. , Du X. Y. , Kolmos A.
Published: November 2019

In the knowledge society, learning is not only knowledge acquisition or participation in established social practice. It is also a process of creating new knowledge collaboratively when addressing complex problems which involve interdisciplinary knowledge and innovative thinking. In our research we focus on questions of how to prepare engineering students for the increasing complexity of their professional lives and how to help them acquire skills of collaboration, management and innovation as well as awareness of knowledge creation. This paper will discuss these questions by examining the learning process in the ICT-based, intercultural and interdisciplinary PBL environment of an international student satellite project.
Educational Experiments in Power Electronics and Control Theory: D.C. Switched Power Supplies
Authors: Campos-Delgado D. U. , Espinoza-Trejo Diego R.
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the design of a d.c. switched power supply is proposed as a hands-on educational tool in power electronics and classical control theory. The project's importance rests primarily in its position as part of the curricula of a Bachelors programme in electronics engineering. The core of the d.c. power supply is a d.c./d.c. switched converter, where a feedforward-feedback control loop is in charge of adjusting the switching pattern to compensate disturbances and voltage drops in the circuit. The project is structured in four major steps: d.c./d.c. converter analysis, controller design, d.c./d.c. converter construction and closed-loop implementation. All these steps are detailed in the paper, and the mathematical derivations needed by the students are clearly explained. In addition, the paper includes a full description of the electronics circuits employed in the project, with synthesis expressions that help the students to select the implementation elements.
ДВОРКИН И ОРИГИНАЛИЗАМ У ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЈИ УСТАВА
Authors: Милинковић Игор
Published: November 2019

Роналд Дворкин један је од најутицајнијих правних теоре-тичара и филозофа, чија мисао је обиљежила другу половину XX и почетакXXI вијека. Једна од тема којима се Дворкин током каријере интензив-но бавио, био је проблем интерпретације устава. Након што у уводномдијелу рада буде упозорено на значај устава, као фундаменталног правногакта, и нарочиту одговорност тумача уставних одредби која из таквогзначаја произилази, анализи ће бити подвргнуто Дворкиново учење о ин-терпретацији Устава. Иако је Дворкин био познат као један од најистак-нутијих критичара оригинализма (као посебног модела уставне интер-претације), он ће својом критиком Скалијине верзије оригиналистичкогучења навести поједине ауторе да га и самог уврсте међу представникеоригинализма. Након што у раду буде представљена генеза Дворкиновихставова о интерпретацији устава, упозориће се на разлике између њего-вих схватања и оригинализма.
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF APPLYING DIFFERENT LEGAL TRADITIONS IN INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATIONS
Authors: Zelić Dragan , Baroš Nenad
Published: November 2019

There is no unified and comprehensive definition of arbitrationin legal science.3 Most of the positive regulations that regulate it, both in theworld and in our country (the Arbitration Act), omit the issue of its definition.However, in science and in legal practice, arbitration is most often definedthrough arbitration dispute, its elements, course and legal effects, and throughindicating differences between arbitration and judicial process, i.e., arbitrationand other alternative dispute resolution methods. It is concluded that arbitrationis an alternative to judicial settlement of a dispute, formed by consensus orconsent of the will of the parties involved, private, and that its decisions arelegally binding and final.4 5 This paperwork is trying to explain differences anddifferent way of conducting in case when participants in arbitration cases arefrom different legal systems, especially differences between the most importantand the most spreader legal systems in the world, European, civil law systemand Anglo-Saxon law (common law). In the second and third chapter, attentionis paid to the procedural and material differences between the continental andthe common law arbitration procedures, especially in differences between theinvestigative (continental legal system) and the common law principles of theproceedings. In the fourth chapter, the difference between the starting of thearbitration procedure was dealt with, while in chapter five, special attentionwas paid to the presentation of evidence in the mentioned legal systems. Thewitnesses and expert witnesses deal with the sixth and seventh chapters of thepaper, while the question of the privacy of the dispute is left behind for the lastchapter of the paper, followed by a conclusion.
BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION IN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW DISPUTES
Authors: Jović Njegoslav
Published: November 2019

In this paper, the author analyzes the benefits and limitationsof international arbitration in disputes that are subject to intellectual propertyrights. Intellectual property law disputes have special characteristics. In theevent of a dispute with an international element, there is a problem with thejurisdiction of state courts due to the principle of the territoriality of intellectualproperty rights. The titular of the right must initiate court proceedings in allcountries individually, leading to delays in procedures, multiplication of costsand uneven judicial practice. For these reasons, the author analyzes alternativedispute resolution through arbitration to determine whether this method ofdispute resolution is more acceptable to foreign courts.The author particularly pays attention to the WIPO Center for Arbitrationand Mediation as a permanent arbitration institution whose primary activity isthe resolution of disputes in the field of intellectual property rights.
НЕИЗВРШЕЊЕ СУДСКИХ ОДЛУКА ПРОТИВ ДРЖАВЕ: ПРАКСА ЕВРОПСКОГ СУДА ЗА ЉУДСКА ПРАВА
Authors: Поповић Игор
Published: November 2019

У раду се анализира како и на који начин неизвршење до-маћих судских одлука против државе утиче на људска права гарантова-на Конвенцијом за заштиту људских права и основних слобода. Права по-гођена оваквим поступањем државе су право на правично суђење и правона имовину. Поред њих, често ће се јавити и питање непостојања дје-лотворног правног лијека у таквим случајевима. Пракса Европског судаза људска права показује да државе уживају одређено поље слободне про-цјене и да могу да одлажу извршење због одређених разлога. При томе,недостатак средстава за извршење на страни државе није ваљан разлогда би се оправдало неизвршење. Исто важи и за компликовано законодав-ство, јер је сама држава креирала такав правни оквир. Први и чини се инајзначајнији случајеви за предмет овог рада су случајеви против Русије иУкрајине у којима су и успостављена одређена начела која се примјењују уистоврсним случајевима. Напосљетку, важно је одредити и докле држа-ва може да одгађа извршење. Из судске праксе произлази да се одлагањедо осам мјесеци може смарати разумним, ако је ријеч о правима која нисуод посебног значаја за појединце. Уколико су, ипак, у питању права којасу од изузетног значаја за појединце (нпр. права везана за дом и стано-вање), онда ће овај рок бити краћи, те ће се одлагање и од шест мјесецисматрати неразумно дугим.
ПРАКСА ЕВРОПСКОГ СУДА ЗА ЉУДСКА ПРАВА ПРОТИВ БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ У СЛУЧАЈЕВИМА РАТНЕ ШТЕТЕ
Authors: Поповић Игор
Published: November 2019

У раду се анализира пракса Европског суда за људска пра-ва против Босне и Херцеговине поводом неизвршења судских одлука у слу-чајевима ратне штете. Законодавство које уређује ово питање, а које до-звољава држави да одложи извршење судских одлука на одређено вријемезбог разлога очувања финансијске стабилности државе. Међутим, аутораргументује да је требало детаљније анализирати питање исплате рат-не штете у Републици Српској и да садашње законодавство није у складуса Конвенцијом о заштити људских права и основних слобода, прије све-га принципом законитости који је развијен у пракси Суда. У том смислу,правни оквир који уређује исплату ратне штете није доступан, довољнојасан, предвидљив и не пружа заштиту од арбитрарног поступања до-маћих органа. Због тога се може основано тврдити и да је одлука Суда упредмету Кнежевић и други против Босне и Херцеговине, а који се тицаоисплате ратне штете могла да буде другачија у смислу да се установикршење права подносилаца представки.
ОБАВЕЗНА НОТАРСКА ОБРАДА АКАТА У ПРАВНОМ СИСТЕМУ БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ
Authors: Пејаковић Далибор
Published: November 2019

Овим радом покушава се анализирати институт обавезне но-тарске обраде аката предвиђене Законима о нотарима у Босни и Херцего-вини. Након краћег приказа историјског развоја нотаријата и релевант-них законских извора овог института даје се анализа поступка и начинасачињавања нотарски обрађених аката. Нарочито се ставља нагласакна поједине одредбе обавезне нотарске обраде аката и њихове специ-фичности у правном систему Босне и Херцеговине. Скреће се пажња напредности и недостатке који се јављају код оваквог института, затимсе даје кратак осврт на правне посљедице овако сачињених аката. Крозприказ судске праксе и заузетог става суда у погледу основаности инсти-тута обавезне нотарске обраде аката у раду се аланизира значај усагла-шавања поступка и начина сачињавања нотарских аката у правном сис-тему БиХ. Резултат који се овим радом жели постићи јесте да се учиниједан допринос потпунијем и цјеловитијем сагледавању правних питањакоја се могу поставити у вези са обавезном нотарском обрадом аката.