bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya mengembangkan Kemampuan Bahasa dalam Menceritakan Kembali Cerita 86-94
Authors: Damayati Aprilia Eka
Published: February 2019

AbstrakPermasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil pengembangan anak dalam menceritakan kembali cerita/dongeng yang di dengar masih belum optimal, terdapat 60% anak yang belum mampu menceritakan kembali cerita yang di dengar, dan 40% anak yang mampu mengungkapkan bahasa melalui cerita yang didengar, penyebabnya yaitu metode pembelajaran yang kurang bervariatif sehingga anak menjadi pasif. Oleh sebab itu perlu menyusun kegiatan pembelajaran dengan menerapkan pendekatan kontekstual, melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif picture and picture untuk membuat pembelajaran menjadi bermakna dan menyenangkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas guru, meningkatkan aktivitas siswa, dan meningkatkan hasil pengembangan bahasa siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode tindakan kelas, dengan rancangan 2 siklus 3 kali pertemuan. Setting penelitiannya di kelompok A TK Adzkia Martapura Kabupaten Banjar. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi aktivitas guru dan lembar observasi aktivitas siswa dan LKS evaluasi untuk siswa yang diadakan pada akhir pertemuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skor aktivitas guru pada siklus I pertemuan pertama 26, pertemuan kedua 27, dan siklus II 28. Aktivitas anak pada siklus I pertemuan pertama 82,08% sangat aktif, pertemuan kedua 93,33% sangat aktif dan pada siklus II 98,33% sangat aktif. Ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I pertemuan pertama 73,68%, pertemuan kedua 100%, dan pada siklus II ketuntasan klasikal yang diperoleh adalah 100%, Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil pengembangan bahasa anak dalam menceritakan kembali cerita/dongeng yang di dengar menggunakan modelpicture and pictrue pada kelompok A TK Adzkia Martapura Kabupaten Banjar meningkat. Disarankan kepada guru agar menggunakan model pembelajaran picture and picture sebagai salah satu alternative upaya meningkatkan proses pengembangan bahasa anak TK secara optimal.Kata Kunci: kemampuan bahasa, cerita/dongeng, model picture and picture.
PEMAHAMAN ANAK TERHADAP AGAMA MENURUT PERSEPSI GURU PAUD (MAHASISWA NON-REGULER PIAUD UIN ANTASARI)
Authors: ZAIN ANWAR
Published: February 2019

Dimensi agama sebenarnya sudah ada pada anak sejak ia masihkecil bahkan ketika masih didalam perut ibunya, karena dimensi agamamerupakan naluri jiwa yang ada dalam setiap fithrah (potensi) anak. Anakusia dini merupakan dunia bermainnya anak, anak pada usia ini selaluingin bergerak melakukan hal-hal yang menyenangkan. Tetapi walaupundemikian, anak pada usia ini juga mempunyai naluri agama danpemahaman agama, karena kegiatan ibadah agama dan nasehat-nasehatkeagamaan akan dijumpainya baik di rumah, di lingkungan dan disekolah.Tujuan penenlitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemahamananak usia dini terhadap agama melalui persepsi guru-guru PAUD, yangamana guru-guru ini juga sebagai mahasiswa non-reguler Jurusan PIAUDFakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Antasari Banjarmasin. Metodepenelitian adalah deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pendekatan penelitianlapangan (feil fesarch), dan subjeknya adalah mahasiswa non-regulerPIAUD yanag dalam keseharian mereka mengajar sebagai Guru danKepala Sekolah di RA (Raudhatul Athfal) yang berjumlah 43 ahasiswa.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman anakterhadap agama terbagi menjadi 5 dimensi; 1) dimensi pahala dan dosa,2) dimensi syurga dan neraka, 3) dimensi ibadah dzohir (nampak) dan 4)agama sebagai aturan dimensi, 5) agama sebagai identias.Kata Kunci : Peahaman Anak, Agama, Persepsi Guru
Upaya Mengembangkan Kreativitas Siswa Tunarungu Kelas VIII dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Matematika dengan Model Pembelajaran Aktif Snow Ball pada Pokok Bahasan Bangun Ruang Sisi Lengkung di SMPLB Keraton Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Sugiyana Sugiyana
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kreativitas siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pada pokok bahasan bangun ruang sisi lengkung dan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa Kelas VIII/B (Tunarungu) di SMPLB Keraton  Martapura yang berjumlah 6 orang terdiri dari 4 orang laki-laki dan 2 orang perempuan. Data penelitian ini adalah pengembangan kreativitas siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pokok bahasan bangun ruang sisi lengkung. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah observasi, catatan lapangan, review, dan tes yang dilakukan selama tiga kali putaran. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode alur.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dan mengembangkan kreativitas siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pokok bahasan bangun ruang sisi lengkung. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari mengkonstruksi soal ke dalam model matematika di akhir putaran mencapai 78.05%, ketepatan menggunakan rumus untuk menyelesaikan soal di akhir putaran mencapai 92.68%, dan kemampuan dalam proses perhitungan untuk mencari jawaban pada putaran terakhir mencapai 87.80%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan pendekatan pembelajaran aktif tipe snow ball dapat meningkatkan kreativitas siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pokok bahasan bangun ruang sisi lengkung sehingga berdampak pada peningkatan hasil belajar siswa.
Effectiveness of Constructivism Approach to Increase Mathematical Communication Skill of Students Junior High School
Authors: Hadijah Hadijah
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze and explore the effectiveness of constructivism approaches in improving mathematical communication skills of junior high school students in the city of Paser. The experimental quasi method was used in this study to test the hypothesis of the study. The sample of the study at three junior high schools in Paser City, representing high, medium and low school students.. The instruments used in this study were pre-post test, pre-post questionnaires, and observation. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests, paired sample tests, annova tests, and descriptive analysis. The findings of pre-post test and pre-post questionnaire analysis using t-test showed that there were significant differences in group mathematical communication skills using constructivism approach compared to groups using conventional approaches at all achievement levels of high school students (high, simple and low). Based on the observation, it is found that high achievement school students have good mathematical communication skills in mathematical communication, these are identified in many aspects and observation indicators achieved by students during learning.
FENOMENA JILBAB DALAM MASYARAKAT KOSMOPOLITAN: INTERPRETASI TEKS DAN KONTEKS ATAS AYAT JILBAB
Authors: Hafizah Yulia
Published: February 2019

This paper aims to reveal the various interpretations of ulama to the meaning of the veil text. Then try to bring that understanding to the current development context. This paper is the result of literature research (library research) which is arranged in the form of papers. Data mining is carried out by exploring various sources that are relevant to this research, namely reviews from the mufassir, both classical and contemporary related to the veil verse in Alquran, namely Q.S. al-Ahzab: 59 and an-Nûr: 31, then compiled and read with a historically critical approach. This paper shows that the various ideas of classical and contemporary ulama are inseparable from the social context of their time. This social context ultimately makes the veil no longer just a symbol of identity, but more than that. The appearance of various hijab communities which later formed a new social movement has brought modern value in lifestyle and opened opportunities for the development of new sectors in the economy.
MENJADI PUSTAKAWAN YANG TERAMPIL DAN BERETIKA
Authors: Rahmawati Laila
Published: February 2019

Kunci pemberdayaan perpustakaan di abad teknologi terletak pada kemampuannya mengidentifikasi, mengantisipasi, dan menanggapi dengan cepat perubahan kebutuhan pemustaka. Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, pustakawan perlu memiliki kemampuan khusus, yaitu kompetensi profesional dan kompetensi personal. Kompetensi profesional menyangkut: pengetahuan yang dimiliki pustakawan khusus dalam bidang sumber daya informasi, akses informasi teknologi, manajemen dan riset, serta kemampuan untuk menggunakan bidang pengetahuan sebagai basis dalam memberikan layanan perpustakaan dan informasi. Adapun kompetensi personal meliputi: keterampilan dan keahlian, sikap dan nilai yang memungkinkan pustakawan bekerja secara efisien, menjadi komunikator yang baik, selalu mempunyai semangat untuk terus belajar sepanjang karirnya, dapat mendemonstrasikan nilai tambah atas karyanya, dan selalu dapat bertahan dalam dunia kerja yang baru. Selain berbagai kompetensi tersebut pustakawan perlu bermoral dan berakhlak mulai, menerapkan kode etik profesi perpustakaan dalam menjalankan aktivitasnya sebagai pustakawan.   Kata Kunci: pustakawan, terampil, beretika
KOMPETENSI PUSTAKAWAN UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA YANG DIPERSYARATKAN MAMPU BERSAING DALAM MENGHADAPI MEA (MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN)
Authors: Pratiwi Kurniasih Yuni
Published: February 2019

Perubahan era baru memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan terhadap institusi perpustakaan. Kebutuhan terhadap perpustakaan dirasakan oleh semua lapisan masyarakat, sehingga perkembangan kepustakawanan disejumlah negara maju dapat memberikan kontribusi yang sangat berarti dalam menata dan menetapkan agenda-agenda strategis  kepustakawanan Indonesia dalam era informasi. Pustakawan sebagai pelopor penyedia jasa informasi dan berkecimpung pada sector keahlian khusus sangat berperan penting menunjukkan kredibilitasnya dalam menyongsong datangnya MEA (Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean) karena ini memberikan kesempatan yang sangat berharga untuk menunjukkan kepada dunia luar bahwa Indonesia mampu bersaing dalam segala hal profesionalisme dan kompetensi pustakawan yang handal, tangguh dan berwawasan luas sangat dibutuhkan demi menyambut MEA (Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean). Peran pustakawan akan semakin berkembang, kini pustakawan tidak hanya mengklasifikasi buku, melayani sirkulasi saja tetapi dituntut secara profesionalisme untuk memberikan informasi secara cepar, tepat, akurat dan efisien. Pustakawan dituntut untuk mengembangkan kompetensi yang ada dalam dirinya guna mendukung program Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi demi mewujudkan Perguruan Tinggi yang bertaraf Internasional dalam menghadapi pasar bebas MEA (Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean).             Kata kunci: kompetensi, pustakawan, Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean
PERANAN DAN FUNGSI PERPUSTAKAAN MASJID DALAM MENCERDASKAN UMAT ISLAM
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani
Published: February 2019

Masjid tidak hanya dijadikan sebagai sarana penyelenggaraan shalat, tetapi juga menjadi institusi sosial yang berperan dalam membangun pendidikan, ekonomi, dan politik umat. Masjid memiliki banyak fungsi, yang salah satunya adalah sebagai lembaga pendidikan. Sebagai lembaga pendidikan, masjid tidak bisa dipisahkan dari keberadaan perpustakaan. Perpustakaan masjid adalah salah satu bentuk perpustakaan khusus yang berfungsi melayani kebutuhan intelektual masyarakat di sekitarnya. Dengan adanya perpustakaan, maka masjid juga berfungsi sebagai pusat pendidikan karena lewat perpustakaan para jamaah masjid dan umat Islam umumnya mempelajari apa-apa yang telah dihasilkan terlebih dahulu dan senantiasa dapat mengikuti dan menyesuaikan diri terhadap informasi-informasi yang baru secara positif.Kata kunci : perpustakaan, peranan, fungsi, masjid
PERPUSTAKAAN SEBAGAI LEMBAGA PELESTARI KEBUDAYAAN DAERAH: BERDASAR PADA PERSPEKTIF PEMUSTAKA DI PERPUSTAKAAN DAERAH JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Nurislaminingsih Rizki
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perspektif pemustaka di Perpustakaan Daerah Jawa Tengah terhadap fungsi kultural perpustakaan. Keragaman budaya yang terdapat di suatu daerah merupakan aset berharga milik bangsa yang perlu untuk dilestarikan. Jawa Tengah merupakan salah satu daerah di Indonesia yang memiliki keragaman budaya. Kewajiban untuk melestarikan budaya dari daerah Jawa Tengah menjadi tanggungjawab seluruh masyarakat dan lembaga yang berwenang, salah satu lembaga tersebut adalah perpustakaan. Pendekatan kualitatif naratif digunakan dalam penelitian ini guna mendapatkan gambaran akan pandangan pemustaka pada fungsi perpustakaan sebagai lembaga pelestari kebudayaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perpustakaan berperan dalam melestarikan kebudayaan suatu daerah. Perpustakaan dipandang sebagai tempat untuk kegiatan story telling dan pameran seni budaya. Perpustakaan juga dipandang sebagai pusat informasi dan ilmu pengetahuan tentang kebudayaan daerah. Informan berharap suatu saat perpustakaan daerah Jawa Tengah menyelanggaran berbagai kegiatan bertemakan kesenian daerah. Selain itu, perpustakaan diharapkan dapat menjadi agen pelestari bahasa daerah dengan cara memberikan kesempatan pengunjung untuk belajar membuat karya tulis berbahasa daerah Jawa Tengah. Hal ini berguna sebagai salah satu upaya perpustakaan untuk melestarikan kebudayaan.Kata kunci: perspektif, pemustaka, kebudayaan, Jawa Tengah
The Methods Used in Nonparametric Covariance Analysis
Authors: CANGÜR Şengül , SUNGUR Mehmet Ali , ANKARALI Handan
Published: February 2019

Aim: Nonparametric covariance analysis (ANCOVA) methods are used when the assumptions of parametric ANCOVA are not met and/or the dependent variable has bivariate/ordinal scale. In the nonparametric ANCOVA methodology, Quade, Puri & Sen and McSweeney & Porter methods are known as Ranked ANCOVA methods. However, commonly used programs do not have module(s) for applying these methods. The objective of this study is to introduce the ranked ANCOVA methods, to apply it in a web-based program developed by the authors and to present the advantages of these methods.Material and Methods: The theoretical features and application steps of the Ranked ANCOVA methods are defined and a web-based program for the application of each method has been established. The application of each method on this program with the help of simulated data taken from the health field study, where the effect of cigarette smoking on biochemical tests was examined has also been included.Results: Although there is no specific module in the widely used statistical programs for the methods described in this study, it is shown on a clinical study constituted with simulated data that these methods can easily be applied and the results of the methods are given.Conclusion: The use of parametric methods for factorial models leads to an increase in Type-I error rate and a decrease in test power in many studies, where the sample size is limited and/or the dependent variable does not have normal distribution. To reduce this error, we recommend using the methods suggested in the study. These methods are also expected to reach widespread use thanks to the web-based program.
Düşük Sosyo-Ekonomik Düzeyli Ailelerde Kronik Otitis Media ile İlişkili Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GÜLER Yavuz , GÜLER Rukiye , ŞEN Alper , TOPUZ Muhammet Fatih , ÖZDAMAR Kadir , ÜSTYOL Esra Aycan
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı düşük sosyoekonomik statüdeki popülasyonda kronik otitis media (KOM) ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülen bazı değiştirilebilir risk faktörlerinin rolünü incelemek ve bu konuda geliştirilebilecek sağlık politikalarına katkıda bulunmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: 1 Ekim 2017 - 1 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında Balıklıgöl Devlet Hastanesi Kulak Burun Boğaz polikliniklerine başvuran ve gönüllü olan düşük sosyo-ekonomik düzeye sahip 759 hasta değerlendirildi. Tüm hastaların öyküsü alınarak muayenesi yapıldı. Perforasyonlu KOM tanısı otoskopik muayenede kulak zarında 3 aydan uzun süreli, iyileşmeyen perforasyon bulunması ile konuldu. Hastalar en az bir kulakta perforasyonlu KOM’u olup olmamasına göre iki gruba ayrıldı. Tüm hastalar yaş, cinsiyet, ebeveynlerin eğitim durumu ve meslekleri, yaşadıkları evin durumu, evde yaşayan birey sayısı, ekonomik gelirleri, anne sütü alım süreleri, mama kullanımı, biberonla beslenme ve pasif sigara içiciliği öyküleri açısından sorgulandı.Bulgular: Çalışmamıza dahil edilen 759 hastanın 221 (%29,1)’ine perforasyonlu KOM tanısı konuldu. Gruplar karşılaştırıldığında KOM (+) hastalarda kadın cinsiyet oranı, pasif sigara maruziyeti ve biberonla beslenme; KOM (-) hastalara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı izlendi (p=0,035, p<0,001 ve p=0,048). Anne okur-yazarlık oranı KOM (+) hastalarda, KOM (-) hastalara göre anlamlı bir şekilde daha az idi (p=0,041). Anne sütü alım süresi 12 aydan az olanlarda perforasyonlu KOM istatistiksel olarak daha fazla görüldü (p=0,013).Sonuç: Bebeklik dönemi pasif sigara maruziyeti, biberonla beslenme, kız cinsiyet ve annenin okur-yazar olmaması perforasyonlu KOM riskini arttırmaktadır. En az 12 ay anne sütü kullanımı KOM’a karşı koruyucu etkiye sahiptir. KOM gibi toplumda sık görülen hastalıkların toplumsal dağılımı sosyo-ekonomik seviyeye göre değişmektedir. Toplumun sosyo-ekonomik seviyesi yükseltilerek bu tür hastalıkların prevelansında düşme sağlanabilir.
Venöz Sinüs Trombozu ile Prezente olan Nörobehçet: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Fatma , BİLGE Nuray
Published: February 2019

Behçet hastalığı etiyolojisi bilinmeyen, multisistem tutulumlu enflamatuar bir hastalıktır. Santral sinir sistemi (SSS) tutulumu nadir olmakla birlikte bazen diğer sistem tutulumlarından önce olabilir. SSS tutulumu vakaların %5-15’inde görülmektedir. Erken teşhis ve tedavi, sekelleri önlemek açısından önemlidir. SSS tutulumu, Behçet hastalığı tanısı için gerekli kriterleri taşıyan, ancak henüz tanı almamış vakalarda hastaneye ilk başvuru nedeni olabilir. Bu yazıda, şiddetli baş ağrısı ve çift görme nedeniyle hastaneye başvuran ve tetkiklerinde serebral venöz sinüs trombozu tesbit edilip etiyolojide Behçet hastalığı çıkan nörobehçet olgumuzu sunduk. Venöz sinüs trombozunda etiyolojik neden tedaviyi şekillendirdiği ve hastamız Behçet hastalığıdan önce nörobehçet tanısı aldığı için sunmaya değer bulduk.
Akut Pankreatite Bağlı İntraabdominal Kanama: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: YEKENKURUL Erman , YAŞAR Mehmet , YEKENKURUL Dilek , İSKENDER Abdulkadir
Published: February 2019

Akut pankreatit, karın ağrısı ve kusma gibi özgül olmayan bulgularla seyreden akut pankreas hücre inflamasyonudur. Akut pankreatit sonrası pseudokist, apse, nekroz gibi komplikasyonlar görülebilirken hemoraji nadir görülen bir komplikasyondur. Burada idiopatik nedenle oluşan, 39 yaşında erkek bir hastada görülen, akut pankreatite bağlı intraabdominal kanama vakası sunulmuştur. Karın ağrısı ve iştahsızlık şikayetleriyle acil servise başvuran hastada; alınan anamnez, bulgular ve yapılan tetkiklerin sonucu olarak akut pankreatit düşünüldü. Hastanın oral beslenmesi kesilerek, beslenme desteği damar yolu ile verildi ve ağrı kontrolü sağlandı. Takibinde hemoglobin ve hematokrit seviyesinin düşmesi sebebiyle diagnostik laparoskopi yapıldı. Eksplorasyonda pankreas frajil ve hemorajik izlendi. Kanama kontrolü sağlandı; semptomatik tedaviler uygulandı; sonrasında karın ağrısı geriledi. Laboratuvar bulguları tamamen düzelen ve ek şikayeti gelişmeyen hasta şifa ile taburcu edildi. Sonuç olarak; akut pankreatit olgularında hemoraji gibi nadir görülen komplikasyonların da olabileceği unutulmamalı, hastanın bulgularının bizi yanıltabileceği düşünülerek ileri tetkik yapılmalıdır.
Comparison of Clinical Follow-up and Complications according to Cancer Types in Patients with Permanent Port Catheter Insertion due to Malignancy
Authors: GÜR Özcan , DONBALOĞLU Mehmet Okan , GÜRKAN Selami
Published: February 2019

Aim: In patients diagnosed with cancer, port catheter insertion is of critical importance for the appropriate delivery of the treatment and patient comfort. Aim of this study is to compare the patients placed subcutaneous port catheter in terms of the complications and the port remaining open based on cancer types.Material and Methods: A total of 530 patients who had port catheter insertion in our clinic for chemotherapy between January 2011 and December 2017 were included into the study. Of the cases, 234 (44.1%) were female and 296 (55.9%) were male; and the mean age was 57.90±10.18 years. The port catheters were placed subcutaneously under vascular ultrasonography and the position of the catheter was checked using fluoroscopy. Patients underwent physical examination to check for hemorrhage or hematoma, and underwent chest x-ray to check for pneumothorax or hemothorax. Patients were called in for checkup for wound-site infection and port thrombosis on the postoperative 10th and 30th days.Results: The majority of the patients who had port insertion were being followed up for gastrointestinal malignancies. Of the patients, 224 (42.2%) had port catheter insertion due to colon cancer, 68 (12.8%) due to breast cancer, and 111 (20.9%) due to gastric cancer. Frequency of catheter thrombosis was statistically higher in cases with colon and breast cancer. Wound site infection was observed more frequently in hematological malignancies.Conclusion: We suggest that, after port insertion, these complications can be reduced by using prophylactic anticoagulants for long-term port use in cases with breast and colon cancer, and by continuing empirical antibiotic treatment against endemic pathogens in cases with hematological cancers.
Mikroskopik Hematürili Hastalarda Basit Böbrek Kistleri ve Hipertansiyon Sıklığı Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: YÜKSEL Alpaslan , MUTLU Aslı
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Basit böbrek kistleri, erişkinlerde en sık görülen kistik oluşumlardır. Basit böbrek kistleri ve hipertansiyon gelişimi arasındaki ilişki halen tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmada mikroskobik hematürili hastalarda basit böbrek kistleri ve hipertansiyon sıklığı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mikroskopik hematüri sebebiyle tüm batın ultrason ve tüm batın bilgisayarlı tomografi uygulanmış 1075 hastadan yaşları 51 ile 89 arasında olan 200 hastanın geriye dönük bulgularının incelenmesi ile iki grup oluşturularak çalışma dizayn edildi. Hastalar böbrek kisti olan ve böbrek kisti olmayan hastalar şeklinde iki gruba ayrılarak değerlendirildi. Basit böbrek kisti ve hipertansiyon arasındaki ilişki incelendi.Bulgular: İki grup arasında yaş ve cinsiyet gibi demografik özellikler açısından anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmadı. Basit böbrek kisti olan grupla kontrol grubu arasında hipertansiyon görülme oranları açısından anlamlı bir farklılık izlenmedi (p=0,471). Basit böbrek kisti olan hastalarda yaşın yanında, kist boyutu, çoklu kist varlığı, birden fazla bölgede kist bulunması ve bilateral kist olmasının hipertansiyon varlığını artırdığı saptandı (tüm p değerleri <0,001). Kist boyutunun hipertansiyon tanısını ayırt ediciliğinde cut-off değeri ≥2 cm olarak tespit edildi (AUC=0,949; %95 GA=0,903-0,995; p<0,001).Sonuç: Sonuç olarak erişkinlerde basit böbrek kistlerinin 2 cm ve daha büyük olduğu, sayının fazla olduğu ve bilateral olduğu durumlarda hipertansiyon ile arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Sebebi ortaya koymak ve gerekli uygulamaları yapmak için ileriye dönük çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Galanin ve Egzersizin Ratlarda Anksiyete Üzerine Etkisinin Açık Alan ve Yükseltilmiş Artı Labirent Testleri ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: MERMERCİ Asuman , ÖZMERDİVENLİ Recep , ORALLAR Hayriye , BEYAZÇİÇEK Ersin , SUNGUR Mehmet Ali
Published: February 2019

Amaç: Anksiyete, kaygı olarak bilinen, günlük yaşamda normal kabul edilen ve organizmayı korumak amaçlı gelişen bir davranış türüdür. Bu çalışmanın amacı egzersizle birlikte verilen eksojen galaninin anksiyete üzerine etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 96 yetişkin erkek Wistar Albino rat kullanıldı. Ratlar on ikişerli 8 gruba ayrıldı ve 4 gruba 6 hafta boyunca düzenli egzersiz yaptırıldı. Grupların yarısına galanin intraperitonal (IP) ve intraserebroventriküler (ICV) şekilde verildi ve her grubun kendi kontrol grubuna da aynı yöntemlerle salin enjekte edildi. Altıncı hafta sonunda ratlara açık alan ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent testleri uygulanarak kamera kayıtları alındı. Her iki testin de kayıtları incelenerek elde edilen katedilen toplam mesafeler ve hız değerleri ile açık alan testinde merkezde geçirilen süre ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent testinde kapalı kolda geçirilen süre karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Açık alan testinde, genel olarak ICV enjeksiyon yapılan ratlarda, IP enjeksiyon yapılan ratlara göre katedilen toplam mesafenin (p<0,001) ve hızın arttığı (p<0,001) tespit edilmiştir. Egzersiz ve galanin etkileşimi açısından bakıldığında da anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiş, yine ICV galanin verilen ratlarda IP galanin verilen ratlara kıyasla katedilen toplam mesafenin (p=0,032) ve hızın (p=0,010) arttığı görülmüştür. Yükseltilmiş artı labirent testinde de egzersiz ve galanin etkileşimi istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmamış, enjeksiyon şekli ve verilen madde etkileşiminin ise kapalı kolda kalış süresi (p=0,020) ve hız (p=0,032) açısından anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: Galaninin santral olarak verilmesinin anksiyolitik etkinliği olabileceği gösterilmekle birlikte bu etkinin egzersizle birlikte değişmediği, galanin ile birlikte egzersiz uygulamasının bu etkinlik üzerine herhangi bir etkisi olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Association of celiac disease genetic markers with reproduction disorders
Authors: Minaycheva L. I. , Bragina E. Yu. , Zhalsanova I. Zh. , Chesnokova N. A. , Marusin A. V.
Published: February 2019

Background: Numerous studies have shown a link between genes involved in the immune response and infertility and miscarriage. The most significant associations have been established for the cytokine genes (IL1B, IL6, IL10, IL18), chemokine genes (CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11), and genes of the major histocompatibility complex HLA II class (DQA1, DQB1, DRB1). HLA genes are associated with celiac disease, a genetically determined autoimmune disorder, where male and female reproduction impairment is one of the symptoms. Aim: To assess the prevalence of polymorphic variants of the immune response genes (HLA: DQA1 DQB1, DRB1; TNF, IL10, CXCL10) in patients with reproduction disorders. Materials and methods: This pilot study involved assessment of the following gene polymorphisms: IL10 (rs1800872), TNF (rs1800629), CXCL10 (rs4386624), and HLA class II (DQA1, DQB1, DRB1) in couples (n = 220) with reproduction disorders (infertility and miscarriage). Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods. The genotypes and alleles population data were used for comparison with the studied variants of the genes IL10 (rs1800872), TNF (rs1800629), and CXCL10 (rs4386624). Differences in the prevalence of alleles and genotypes were assessed by χ2 test. The differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Haplotype diversity was calculated by the Arlequin software, version 3.5.x. Results: Compared to the populational data, there was significant re-distribution of the genotypes and alleles to the TNF gene (rs1800629) variant in men with impaired reproductive functions. No differences were found for other gene variants studied. The frequency of HLA class II gene (DQA1, DQB1, DRB1) haplotypes associated with celiac disease (DQ2 and DQ8) in the study sample was 23.8%. Conclusion: The results indicate the important role of genes associated with celiac disease in the development of reproduction disorders.
Finding and Comparing Shortest Path Solutions by Using Various Methods on a Detailed Network of the Aegean Sea
Authors: Inan Timur , Baba Ahmet Fevzi
Published: February 2019

Shortest path algorithms are frequently used in important sectoral areas such as maritime, aeronautical and land transport, and are still highly popular. The different side of our work is that it is on the ports of Greece and Turkey on the Aegean Sea and that the nodes are prepared on the actual map based on the actual coordinates and depths. Our study differs from previous studies in that it focuses on Greek and Turkish ports on the Aegean Sea and the nodes are prepared on an actual map based on actual coordinates and depths. The study is part of an intelligent system capable of actually planning the route of a sailing vessel. The Breadth-First, Bellman-Ford and Dijkstra’s algorithms were used to calculate the shortest routes between ports and the results were evaluated in terms of the route, distance and calculation time used.
Keywords: Shortest path, Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford, breadth-first, aegean sea, decision support systems
Application for sentiment and demographic analysis processes on social media
Authors: Ozkisi Harun , Topaloglu Murat
Published: February 2019

Consumers used to make their complaints via phone and mail before the concept of social media was developed. Now, consumers have begun to state their wishes and complaints concerning companies using social media, and the firmsâ€™ adaptation to social media has been increased. Understanding the negative and positive attitudes of customers towards ads and questions has gained utmost importance for the companiesâ€™ decisions to be made for the future. Today, companies are able to continue their existence in the modern worldâ€™s competitive environment by adjusting their advertising and marketing strategies and calculating their budgets to social media analyses they get. In addition, companies depend on those analyses in order to determine their positions in the market and create their action plans. In this study, instant messages sent on social media and demographic information were used in the data analysis in order to determine whether those messages included positive or negative attitudes. Keywords: Social media, emotion analysis, data mining, natural language processing.
Manajemen Pengembangan Kultur Literasi di MTs Negeri Kota Batu
Authors: Fitriah Nurlaeli
Published: February 2019

Literacy is identified with reading and writing activities. With the passage of time literacy activities not only read and write. Literacy is defined as the ability to support, challenge, create, communicate and count using printed material and writing related to various contexts. Literacy that supports learning is literacy that allows individuals to achieve what they want to know, develop their knowledge and talents and support their participation in the community. This study aims to describe the management of the development of literacy culture, the implementation of the development of a culture of literacy and the evaluation of literacy culture development programs in MTs Negeri Kota Batu. This research uses qualitative with descriptive research types. The data sources used are primary and secondary. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman analysis models. The results show the management carried out by the MTs Negeri Kota Batu under the coordination of the kepala madrasah and supported by the deputy of kepala madrasah in the fields of curriculum, infrastructure, public relations and financing. Not only that, for the success of the school management program, it also involves the madrasah committee. The implementation of the program in the form of habituating the dhuha prayer and reading Al-Qur’an, the habit of silent reading before learning, holding reading corners, programming the language of the month, and scientific writing training for teacher in collaboration with universities in Malang. Program evaluation carried out by the madrasah management is still anticipatory action. Its consideration is that the program is just implemented.
Reseña de Alonso, Jimena, Fabiana Larrobla y Mariana Risso. Avanzar a tientas: cronología de las luchas por verdad y justicia: 1985 - 2015. Uruguay: Mastergraf, 2016.
Authors: Zubillaga Paula
Published: February 2019

La obra aquí reseñada ofrece un panorama complejo de las luchas por verdad y justicia en torno a los crímenes de lesa humanidad cometidos por la dictadura uruguaya. De esta forma, expone con claridad que se ha tratado de un recorrido arduo cargado de desánimos y retrocesos, pero no de parálisis.
Effect of Adding Aspergillus niger Mushroom on Patchouli Fermentation Process
Authors: Pawestri Alivia Maulidina , Fitri Noor
Published: February 2019

Indonesia is one of the biggest exporter country for essential oils in the world. One of Indonesia's essential oil export commodities is patchouli oil. Almost 90% of the worldâ€™s patchouli oil are exported from Indonesia. Various studies to improve the quality of Indonesian patchouli oil were carried out. In this research, the process of fermentation of patchouli raw material was conducted to enhance the quality of patchouli oil. Patchouli fermentation was carried out using A. niger. Preparation processes were carried out prior to distillation including withering, size reducing and fermenting. Patchouli was withered for 24 hours. Patchouli was cut into pieces and weighed as much as 800 grams (3 leaves: 1 stem) after withered. Patchouli fermentation was conducted anaerobically for 20 hours. Varying the addition of A. niger used was 5 mL, 10 mL, 15 mL and 25 mL mixed in 400 mL of distilled water. The amount of A. niger colonies was 8.8 x 105 /mL. Extraction of patchouli oil was performed by water bubble distillation. The chemical and physical properties of the patchouli oil were analyzed and compared to the quality standard of patchouli oil according to SNI 06-2385-2006. Chemical compound of patchouli oil was identified using GC-MS. The main compound of the patchouli oil is patchoulol. The GC-MS result indicates that patchoulol content increases with the increasing addition of A. niger. The content of patchoulol was detected up to 93.75 %w/w in patchouli oil. The optimal concentration of Â A. niger is 1.875% that produces the highest patchoulol content with an increase of up to 194.6 % compared to those of without A. niger (J0).
Digital Image Segmentation in Matlab: A Brief Study on Otsu’s Image Thresholding
Authors: Siddique Md. Abu Bakr , Arif Rezoana Bente , Khan Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
Published: February 2019

Thresholding is considered as a statistical-decision making theory which can lessen the average error incurred in allocating pixels to two or more groups. The traditional Bayes decision rule can be applied with the prior knowledge of the Probability Density Function (PDF) of each class. It is surmised that a threshold resulting in the best class separation is the optimal one. In this paper, Otsu’s thresholding for image segmentation has been implemented. The well-known Otsu’s method is to learn a threshold that can maximize the between-class variance or equivalently make light of the within-class variance of the entire image. At first, a color image of a tree is taken. After that, the image is transformed into a grayscale image. Then in the first part, two-level thresholding is conducted, and later on, three-level thresholding is also applied. Again, two-level thresholding, as well as three level thresholding, are also applied to some other images. Finally, the comparison is made between two level thresholding and three level thresholding
Applications, Promises, and Pitfalls of Deep Learning for Fluorescence Image Reconstruction
Authors: Belthangady Chinmay , Royer Loic A.
Published: February 2019

Deep Learning is a recent and important addition to the computational toolbox available for image reconstruction in fluorescence microscopy. We review state-of-the-art applications such as image restoration, super-resolution, and light-field imaging, and discuss how the latest Deep Learning research can be applied to other image reconstruction tasks such as structured illumination, spectral deconvolution, and sample stabilisation. Despite its successes, Deep Learning also poses significant challenges, has often misunderstood capabilities, and overlooked limits. We will address key questions, such as: What are the challenges in obtaining training data? Can we discover structures not present in the training data? And, what is the danger of inferring unsubstantiated image details?
Entropy - System Approach to Assess the Ecological Status of Reservoirs in Armenia
Authors: Simonyan Gevorg , Pirumyan Gevorg
Published: February 2019

In this article, the quality of water in the reservoirs of Lake Arpi, Lake Yerevan, Akhuryan, Azat, Aparan and Kechut was estimated with usage of the Armenian Water Quality Index. It was established that in the waters of reservoirs the the maximum permissible concentration of copper, vanadium, aluminum, chromium, manganese, iron, NH4+ and NO2- regularly increases. The following computational algorithm was used for determination of the Armenian Water Quality Index values: to determine the number of cases of MPC excess of i-substance or indicator of water –n; to estimate the total amount of cases of the maximum permissible concentration (N) – N = ∑n; to computes log2N, nlog2n and ∑nlog2n; to determine geoecological syntropy (I) and entropy (H): I = ∑ nlog2n/N and H = log2N – I. Then, Geo-Ecological Evolving Organized index index was determined: G = H/I. Further, the total amount multiplicity of MAC exceedances was estimated: (M) - M=∑m and log2M was computed. Finally, Armenian Water Quality Index was obtained: AWQI = G + 0.1log2M. It was established that the Armenian Water Qquality Index showed a linear dependence on the Water Contamination Index, the Specific Combinatory Water Quality Index, the Geo-Ecological Evolving Organized index and an inverse dependence on the Canadian Water Quality Index.
Artificial Swarm Intelligence and Cooperative Robotic Systems
Authors: Omelianenko Iaroslav
Published: February 2019

In this paper, we look at how Artificial Swarm Intelligence can evolve using evolutionary algorithms that try to minimize the sensory surprise of the system. We will show how to apply the free-energy principle, borrowed from statistical physics, to quantitatively describe the optimization method (sensory surprise minimization), which can be used to support lifelong learning. We provide our ideas about how to combine this optimization method with evolutionary algorithms in order to boost the development of specialized Artificial Neural Networks, which define the proprioceptive configuration of particular robotic units that are part of a swarm. We consider how optimization of the free-energy can promote the homeostasis of the swarm system, i.e. ensures that the system remains within its sensory boundaries throughout its active lifetime. We will show how complex distributed cognitive systems can be build in the form of hierarchical modular system, which consists of specialized micro-intelligent agents connected through information channels. We will also consider the co-evolution of various robotic swarm units, which can result in development of proprioception and a comprehensive awareness of the properties of the environment. And finally, we will give a brief outline of how this system can be implemented in practice and of our progress in this area.
Special Orthogonal Polynomials in Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Alhaidari Abdulaziz D.
Published: February 2019

Using an algebraic method for solving the wave equation in quantum mechanics, we encountered a new class of orthogonal polynomials on the real line. One of these is a four-parameter polynomial with a discrete spectrum. Another that appeared while solving a Heun-type equation has a mix of continuous and discrete spectra. Based on these results and on our recent study of the solution space of an ordinary differential equation of the second kind with four singular points, we introduce a modification of the hypergeometric polynomials in the Askey scheme. Up to now, all of these polynomials are defined only by their three-term recursion relations and initial values. However, their other properties like the weight function, generating function, orthogonality, Rodrigues-type formula, etc. are yet to be derived analytically. This is an open problem in orthogonal polynomials.
Synthesis of Solution-Stable PEDOT-Coated Sulfonated Polystyrene Copolymer PEDOT:P(SS-co-St) Particles for All-Organic NIR-Shielding Films
Authors: Im Soeun , Park Chanil , Cho Wonseok , Kim Jooyoung , Jeong Minseok , Kim Jung Hyun
Published: February 2019

We prepared poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-coated sulfonated polystyrene copolymer particles as efficient heat-shielding agents, which showed strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption, with high solid contents and good solution stability. The poly(styrene sulfonate -co-styrene) (P(SS-co-St)) copolymers were successfully synthesized via radical solution polymerization, and PEDOT-coated P(SS-co-St) (PEDOT:P(SS-co-St)) was synthesized via Fe+-catalyzed oxidative polymerization. PEDOT:P(SS-co-St) was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. The particle size and morphology of PEDOT:P(SS-co-St) were examined using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential measurements. The maximum NIR-shielding efficiency of the film was 92.0% with 40% transmittance. The high solution stability of PEDOT:P(SS-co-St) make it an ideal candidate for heat-insulating materials that find application in semi-transparent heat-insulator-coated windows.
Quantum Cosmology in the Light of Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Robles-Perez Salvador
Published: February 2019

There is a formal analogy between the evolution of the universe, when this is seen as a trajectory in the minisuperspace, and the worldline followed by a test particle in a curved spacetime. The analogy can be extended to the quantum realm, where the trajectories are transformed into wave packets that give us the probability of finding the universe or the particle in a given point of their respective spaces: the spacetime in the case of the particle and the minisuperspace in the case of the universe. The wave function of the spacetime and the matter fields, all together, can then be seen as a super-field that propagates in the minisuperspace and the so-called third quantisation procedure can be applied in a parallel way as the second quantisation procedure is performed with a matter field that propagates in the spacetime. The super-field can thus be interpreted as made up of universes propagating, i.e. evolving, in the minisuperspace. The analogy can also be used in the opposite direction. The way in which the semiclassical state of the universe is obtained in quantum cosmology allows us to obtain, from the quantum state of a field that propagates in the spacetime, the geodesics of the underlying spacetime as well as their quantum uncertainties or dispersions. This might settle a new starting point for a different quantisation of the spacetime.
Effect of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes on the Thermal Conductivity of WC-Co Cemented Carbide
Authors: Chen Kui , Xiao Wenkai , Li Zhengwu , Wu Jiasheng , Hong Kairong , Ruan Xuefeng
Published: February 2019

In recent years, it has been found in engineering practice that the service life of cemented carbide shield machine tools used in uneven soft and hard strata is substantially reduced. The study found that thermal stress is the main reason for the failure of cemented carbide shield tunneling tools when shield tunneling is carried out in uneven soft and hard soil. To maintain the hardness of cemented carbide, improving the thermal conductivity of the shield machine tool is of great importance for prolonging its service life and reducing engineering costs. In this paper, graphene and carbon nanotubes were mixed with WC-Co powder and sintered by SPS (Spark Plasma Sintering). The morphology was observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). A Rockwell hardness tester and bending strength tester were used to test hardness, bending strength and thermal conductivity. The results show that adding trace graphene or carbon nanotubes can increase the bending strength of the cemented carbide by approximately 50% while keeping the hardness of the cemented carbide unchanged. The thermal conductivity of the cemented carbide can be increased by 10% with the addition of 0.12% graphene alone.
Low-Cost Adsorbents Procedure by Means of Heavy Metal Elimination from Wastewater
Authors: Devanna Nayankanti , Begum Baby Abrarunnisa , Chari M.Adharvana
Published: February 2019

The beginning of industrialization human being has observed a variety of environmental troubles in the world. This industrialization has not only brought growth and affluence but ultimately troubled the ecosystem. One of the crashes is visible, in form of water contamination. Here the current study heavy metal contamination of water body has been discussed. Effluents from a great number of industries viz., tannery, textile, pigment & dyes, paint, wood processing, petroleum refining, electroplating, leather etc., have a major amount of heavy metals in their wastewater. The conventional technique of handling heavy metal pollution includes chemical oxidation, chemical precipitation, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane separation, electrodialysis etc. These processes are expensive, energy intensive and frequently related with generation of poisonous by-product. Therefore, the adsorption has been examined as a cost-efficient technique of elimination of heavy metals from wastewater. In the current study different low-cost adsorbent has been a review as an abatement of heavy metal contamination from wastewater. These adsorbent comprise materials of natural origin like peat moss, zeolites, clay, and chitin are found to be an effective agent for removal of deadly heavy metals like Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Hg, Cr etc. Separately from these, a variety of agricultural wastes like rice husk, waste tea, neem bark, black gram; Turkish coffee, walnut shell etc. were also known as a powerful adsorbent for heavy metal removal. at the side of that low-cost industrial byproduct like fly ash, lignin, iron (III) hydroxide and red mud, coffee husks, Areca waste, tea factory waste, sugar beet pulp, battery industry waste, blast furnace sludge, waste slurry, sea nodule remains and grape stalk wastes have been discovered for their technical possibility to eliminate toxic heavy metals from impure water.
Shared Microglial Mechanisms Underpinning Depression and Fatigue and Their Comorbidities
Authors: Chaves Filho Adriano José Maia , Macedo Danielle S. , de Lucena David Freitas , Maes Michael
Published: February 2019

In 2011, it was reviewed that there is a strong co-occurrence between major depression and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), with fatigue and physio-somatic symptoms being key symptoms of depression, and depressive symptoms appearing during the course of CFS. Moreover, the comorbidity between both conditions may in part be explained by activated immune-inflammatory pathways, including increased translocation of Gram-negative bacteria and increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1. Nevertheless, the possible involvement of activated microglia in this comorbidity has remained unclear. This paper aims to review microglial disturbances in major depression, CFS and their comorbidity. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the PubMed / MEDLINE database to identify studies that are relevant to this current review. Depressed patients present neuroinflammatory alterations, probably related to microglial activation, while animal models show that a microglial response to immune challenges including lipopolysaccharides is accompanied by depressive-like behaviors. Recent evidence from preclinical studies indicate that activated microglia have a key role in the onset of fatigue. In chronic inflammatory conditions, such as infections and senescence, microglia orchestrate an inflammatory microenvironment thereby causing fatigue. In conclusion, based on our review we may posit that shared immune-inflammatory pathways and activated microglia underpin comorbid depression and CFS and that activated microglia are the main orchestrators of this comorbidity. As such, microglial activation and neuro-inflammation may be promising targets to treat the overlapping manifestations of both depression and CFS.