bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Desmoglein 2 Functions as a Receptor for Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 in Breast Cancer Epithelial Cells
Authors: Chen Dongmei , Wirth Keith M. , Kizy Scott , Muretta Joseph M. , Markowski Todd W. , Yong Peter , Sheka Adam , Abdelwahab Hisham , Hertzel Ann V. , Ikramuddin Sayeed , Yamamoto Masato , Bernlohr David A.
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a secreted adipokine linked to obesity and progression of a variety of cancers. Obesity increases extracellular FABP4 (eFABP4) levels in animal models and in obese breast cancer patients compared with lean healthy controls. Using MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer epithelial cells, we show herein that eFABP4 stimulates cellular proliferation in a time and concentration dependent manner while the non-fatty acid-binding mutant, R126Q, failed to potentiate growth. When E0771 murine breast cancer cells were injected into mice, FABP4 null animals exhibited delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival compared with injections into control C57Bl/6J animals. eFABP4 treatment of MCF-7 cells resulted in a significant increase in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK), transcriptional activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and corresponding gene targets ALDH1A1, CYP1A1, HMOX1, SOD1 and decreased oxidative stress, while R126Q treatment did not show any effects. Proximity-labeling employing an APEX2–FABP4 fusion protein revealed several proteins functioning in desmosomes as eFABP4 receptor candidates including desmoglein (DSG), desmocollin, junction plankoglobin, desomoplankin, and cytokeratins. AlphaFold modeling predicted an interaction between eFABP4, and the extracellular cadherin repeats of DSG2 and pull-down and immunoprecipitation assays confirmed complex formation that was potentiated by oleic acid. Silencing of DSG2 in MCF-7 cells attenuated eFABP4 effects on cellular proliferation, pERK levels, and ALDH1A1 expression compared with controls.
Implications:
These results suggest desmosomal proteins, and in particular desmoglein 2, may function as receptors of eFABP4 and provide new insight into the development and progression of obesity-associated cancers.
Supplementary Table S1 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

In vitro t1/2 values for cleavage of PEG-Exa (3A).
Supplementary Figure S2 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

Body weights of mice treated with PEG-Exa combinations with TLZ or VX970.
FIGURE 4 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

PEG-Exa combinations with TLZ or VX970.  A, Median relative tumor volume ± interquartile range versus time for PEG-Exa, TLZ, or a combination. The starting tumor volume for all groups was 156 ± 57 mm3. Mice (N = 6/group) received a single intraperitoneal dose of vehicle (●), a single intraperitoneal dose of PEG-Exa at 2.5 μmol/kg (▲), QD PO TLZ at 0.4 μmol/kg/day (▲), or a combination of both agents at the same doses (■). P values at 21 days from one-way ANOVA analysis versus vehicle were: 0.002 (PEG-Exa), 0.02 (TLZ) <0.0001 (PEG-Exa + TLZ). B, Median relative tumor volume ± interquartile range versus time for PEG-Exa, VX970 or a combination. The starting tumor volume for all groups was 130 ± 30 mm3. Mice (N = 6/group) received a single intraperitoneal dose of vehicle (●), a single intraperitoneal dose of PEG-Exa at 2.5 μmol/kg (▲), orally VX-970 at 64 μmol/kg for 4 consecutive days per week (▲), or a combination of both agents at the same doses (■). The P value at 21 days from one-way ANOVA analysis versus vehicle was 0.006 for the PEG-Exa + VX970 group.
FIGURE 3 from A Very Long-acting Exatecan and Its Synergism with DNA Damage Response Inhibitors
Authors: Fontaine Shaun D. , Carreras Christopher W. , Reid Ralph R. , Ashley Gary W. , Santi Daniel V.
Published: May 2023

Treatment of MX-1 xenografts (N-6/group) with single doses of PEG-Exa 3A and PLX038A. A, Median relative tumor volume ± interquartile range versus t. The starting tumor volume for all groups was 129 ± 38 mm3. P values at 21 days from one-way ANOVA analysis versus vehicle were: 0.008 (PLX038A), 0.01 (2.5 μmol/kg PEG-Exa), 0.0002 (5 μmol/kg PEG-Exa), <0.0001 (10 and 15 μmol/kg PEG-Exa). B, Median relative body weight of mice over time. Mice (N = 6 per group) received a single intraperitoneal dose of vehicle (●), PEG-Exa at 15 μmol/kg (■), 10 μmol/kg (▲), 5 μmol/kg (▼), 2.5 μmol/kg (◆), or PLX038A at 15 μmol/kg (○).
A Phase I/II Clinical Trial of Pembrolizumab and Cabozantinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kessler Elizabeth R. , Callihan Eryn , Hu Junxiao , Eule Corbin , Srivastava Geetika , Kemme Douglas J. , Iruku Praveena , Rana Vishal , Moore James , Schuster Steven R. , Amirault Mali , Flaig Thomas W. , Lam Elaine T.
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

Immune checkpoint inhibitor and VEGFR inhibitor combinations are effective treatments for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). This phase I/II clinical trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab and cabozantinib in patients with mRCC.

Experimental Design:

Eligible patients had mRCC with clear-cell or non-clear cell histology, adequate organ function, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group 0–1 performance status, and no prior exposure to pembrolizumab or cabozantinib. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) at the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Secondary endpoints included safety, disease control rate (DCR), duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results:

Forty-five patients were enrolled. A total of 40 patients were treated at the RP2D of pembrolizumab 200 mg i.v. every 3 weeks and cabozantinib 60 mg orally once daily, 38 of which were evaluable for response. The ORR was 65.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 49.9–78.8] for all evaluable patients [78.6% as first-line therapy, 58.3% as second-line therapy]. The DCR was 97.4% (95% CI, 86.5–99.9). Median DoR was 8.3 months (interquartile range, 4.6–15.1). At a median follow-up of 23.54 months, the median PFS was 10.45 months (95% CI, 6.25–14.63) and median OS was 30.81 months (95% CI, 24.2–not reached). The most common grade 1 and/or 2 treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) were diarrhea, anorexia, dysgeusia, weight loss, and nausea. The most common grade 3 and/or 4 TRAEs were hypertension, hypophosphatemia, alanine transaminase elevation, diarrhea, and fatigue. There was one grade 5 TRAE of reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome related to cabozantinib.

Conclusions:

Pembrolizumab and cabozantinib treatment in patients with mRCC demonstrated encouraging preliminary efficacy and a manageable toxicity profile comparable with other available checkpoint inhibitor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations.

Trial Registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03149822 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03149822

Significance:

This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of the combination of pembrolizumab and cabozantinib in patients with mRCC. The safety profile was manageable. The combination showed promising activity with an objective response rate of 65.8%, median PFS of 10.45 months, and median OS of 30.81 months.
Debating Caliphs and Kings in the Twentieth Century: ʿAbd ul-Ḥalīm Sharar’s Essays on Empire and Governance
Authors: Fatima Maryam
Published: May 2023

The following is an English translation of three essays by the late nineteenth-century Urdu novelist, historian, and essayist ʿAbd ul-Ḥalīm Sharar (1860–1926). In the essays translated here, Sharar offers commentary on contemporaneous world-historical events such as the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire (which had garnered huge public uproar in British India, later culminating in the Khilafat movement) and the “Great Game” in Iran that resulted in its bifurcation into Russian and British spheres of influence. These polemical pieces concerning major imperial changes of the early twentieth century oscillate between impassioned pleas to the colonial government to save Islamic empires from total ruin and rousing calls to action to the Muslim community to band together and save themselves. The first essay, “The Fall of the Persians” (Zavāl-e ʿAjam), reflects on the twilight years of Qajar Iran and presents “Islamic” Persia as the civilizational fountainhead of large swathes of Asia from “the Bosphorus to China.” The second essay, “The End of Ottoman Power” (ʿUṡmānī Sat̤vat kā Ḳhātimah), responds to the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in 1912 by analyzing the material reasons for the triumph of Europe. The third piece, “The Democratic Spirit of the Arabs” (ʿAraboñ kī Jamhūriyat-pasandī), captures the style for which Sharar was primarily known: narrating history through entertaining stories for moral edification. Here, a short vignette about the Andalusian ruler ʿAbd ul-ʿAzīz and his gradual decline towards conceit, at the behest of his Gothic wife, is framed by a historical review of the many ways in which Islamic rulers avoided inadvertent polytheism by not using grand titles like sult̤ān and bādshāh for themselves. This is held up as representing the intrinsic democratic ethos of the Arabs which was forfeited by later Islamic rulers under the influence of Persian culture. These essays will be of interest to literary scholars and historians of twentieth-century India interested in imperial transitions. They preserve trends in Urdu historiography that were central to the fashioning of national publics, providing a window into negotiations of the place of Urdu and Indian Muslims in the world.
Two new species of the genus Phlugiolopsis (Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) and the male description of Phlugiolopsis circolobosis Bian, Shi & Chang, 2013 from Yunnan, China
Authors: ZHENG MENGJIA , SHI FUMING , CHANG YANLIN
Published: May 2023

This paper reports two new species of the genus Phlugiolopsis from Yunnan, China, i.e. Phlugiolopsis furcicaudis sp. nov. and Phlugiolopsis breviproceris sp. nov., and describes the male of Phlugiolopsis circolobosis Bian, Shi & Chang, 2013 for the first time. Examined specimens are deposited in the Museum of Hebei University.
Beyond Toxic Masculinity: Reading and Writing Men in Post-Apartheid Namibia
Authors: Boulton Jack
Published: May 2023

Over the past few years, the term “toxic masculinity” has entered public debate in Namibia as a way to describe apparently problematic forms of masculine behaviour, particularly in the light of high levels of gender-based violence. Originating in Western discourse, the term itself is difficult as it can stifle meaningful and transformative conversations concerning men. Describing “toxic masculinity” as a trope, and indicating that tropes of violence have been used and politicised before, this article proposes a different way of reading men: via the mask. To do this, the “tropological place” is introduced as a space of intimacy and trust, in which the kinds of masks that men wear become visible. Although the introduction of “toxic masculinity” into debates around masculinities in Namibia should be acknowledged as an important starting point for conversations, this article urges researchers to think beyond it, encouraging more lateral relations with those that we research.
Surgical Resection of Bilateral Polycystic Ovaries Causing Ureteral Obstruction
Authors: Ma Brenda L. , Shaw Taylor B. , Parrish Dan W.
Published: May 2023

Ovarian cysts in adolescents are typically managed conservatively given the low rate of malignancy and the cysts typically regress over time. We present a case of a 14 year-old female with large bilateral adnexal cysts causing ureteral obstruction which was successfully treated with surgical resection and ensuring maximum preservation of ovarian tissue.
Voting for Law and Order: Evidence From a Survey Experiment in Mexico
Authors: Ventura Tiago , Ley Sandra , Cantú Francisco
Published: May 2023

In this article, we examine the demand-and-supply dynamic of security policies. We argue there are two informational shortcuts through which voters process policy alternatives and choose among them: (1) their own personal experiences with violence and (2) candidates’ profiles. We test our argument through an original survey experiment conducted in Mexico. We model voters’ decisions to support candidates campaigning over a variety of security proposals. Our survey design takes advantage of recent developments in network models to better measure the effects of crime exposure on voters’ preferences. We find that higher exposure to crime victimization is associated with increased support for only some iron-fist policies, therefore highlighting the importance of unpacking security policies instead of generalizing the results of crime exposure. We show null effects of partisan advantages and reveal the role of non-partisan heuristics, such as the candidate’s professional experience, in preferences for security policies.
Electrical and electromagnetic shielding properties of thermally-stable polybenzoxazine/expanded graphite nanocomposites
Authors: Ramdani Noureddine , Mokhnache El Oualid , Razali Mohamed Seddik , Abid Nacereddine , Derradji Mehdi , Maamar Mokhtar
Published: May 2023

The thermal, the electrical conductivity, and electromagnetic shielding properties of low cost high-performance expanded graphite (EG)-filled polybenzoxazine matrix nanocomposites produced by a solution blending and compression molding technique were investigated. At 2.26 vol.% EG, a percolation threshold was detected, at which the electrical conductivity increased by nine orders of magnitude in comparison to the unfilled matrix. The electrical conductivity values increased from 1.35 S.cm−1 to 28.3 S.cm−1 by increasing the EG ratios in the nanocomposites from 7 wt.% and 15 wt.%. In addition, the morphological analysis results revealed good nanofiller dispersion and the formation of 3D-conductive pathways of EG into the polybenzoxazine matrix, which are responsible for the electrical conductivity improvement. Moreover, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiencies, in the X-band, of these nanocomposites have been significantly improved, reaching 57.2 dB at a 15 wt.% EG ratio. Furthermore, the inclusion of EG nanofiller significantly improved the thermal properties of the nanocomposites in terms of first degradation temperatures, char yields, and thermal conductivities. Because of these exceptional properties, these nanocomposites are ideal for high thermal EMI shielding applications.
Moving Through Conflict: Transit Migration and Rebel Capacity in Mali
Authors: Nydal Ole Sevrin
Published: May 2023

How do rebel organizations capitalize on transit migration? While numerous studies have examined the role of refugees, this article explores a broader yet significant category of mobile populations in civil conflict. Focusing on Mali, I argue that transit migration increases rebel capacity based on three causal mechanisms: Obstacles in transit, camping banditry, and dynamic recruitment. Obstacles are an enabling mechanism by facilitating the intersection between rebels and migrants. As camping bandits, rebels move between violent extortion and systematic exploitation depending on levels of competition. Finally, I argue that rebels recruit transit migrants using dynamic strategies, including coercive incentives and short-term contracts in which social and ideological requirements are relaxed. Combining quantitative analysis with original interview data, I find significant support for the causal argument and preliminary evidence for my conceptual framework. The findings improve our understanding of rebel organizations and the role of mobile populations in civil conflict.
Immigration-Related Discrimination and Mental Health among Latino Undocumented Students and U.S. Citizen Students with Undocumented Parents: A Mixed-Methods Investigation
Authors: Rodriguez Victoria E. , Enriquez Laura E. , Ro Annie , Ayón Cecilia
Published: May 2023

Research has consistently linked discrimination and poorer health; however, fewer studies have focused on immigration-related discrimination and mental health outcomes. Drawing on quantitative surveys (N = 1,131) and qualitative interviews (N = 63) with Latino undergraduate students who are undocumented or U.S. citizens with undocumented parents, we examine the association between perceived immigration-related discrimination and mental health outcomes and the process through which they are linked. Regression analyses identify an association between immigration-related discrimination and increased levels of depression and anxiety; this relationship did not vary by self and parental immigration status. Interview data shed light on this result as immigration-related discrimination manifested as individual discrimination as well as vicarious discrimination through family and community members. We contend that immigration-related discrimination is not limited to individual experiences but rather is shared within the family and community, with negative implications for the mental health of undocumented immigrants and mixed-status family members.
The Effects of Pressure and Self-Assurance Nudges on Product Purchases and Returns in Online Retailing: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment
Authors: Ghose Anindya , Lee Heeseung Andrew , Nam Kihwan , Oh Wonseok
Published: May 2023

Through a randomized field experiment, this study compares the economic effects of two categories of nudges—self-assurance- and pressure-based interventions—on consumers’ purchase and return behaviors. In contrast to pressure-oriented nudges, such as quantity scarcity, time scarcity, and social persuasion, self-assurance nudges are intended to facilitate the validation of product choice and style/size characteristics as well as the self-assurance-grounded justification of the purchase. The findings reveal that self-assurance nudges designed to help consumers make better choices have both short-term (high sales) and long-term (few product returns) benefits. Although pressure-driven nudges offer slightly higher short-term benefits (high sales), they eventually engender unfavorable long-term outcomes (high product returns) for consumers and online retailers. Finally, using return-adjusted net sales as performance measures, the authors find that self-assurance-based nudges are as effective in stimulating purchase as those that capitalize on scarcity and social pressure.
The Roles of Perceived Physical Education Competence, Enjoyment, and Persistence on Middle School Students’ Physical Activity Engagement
Authors: Guan Jianmin , Xiang Ping , Land William M. , Hamilton Xiaofen D.
Published: May 2023

We examined gender and grade differences in the relationship between students’ perceived competence, their enjoyment of physical education (PE), and their PA persistence on the frequency of their physical activity (PA). We also used structural equation modeling to assess the direct, indirect, and total effects of perceived competence and PE enjoyment on PA frequency through the mediator of PA persistence. Participants were 223 middle school students (115 boys, 108 girls) in grades 7 and 8. We found that, regardless of grade level, girls had lower perceived competence and PE enjoyment than boys. Both perceived competence and PE enjoyment had significant direct and positive connections to persistence, but they had no significant indirect effects on PA frequency through the mediator of persistence. These findings highlight the need for physical educators to be aware of gender differences in perceived competence and PE enjoyment, and the important roles these factors have in enhancing students’ PA participation.
Isn’t a Call Enough? What Is the Purpose of Psychologically Assessing Cross-Cultural Mission Workers?
Authors: Thompson Katherine N. , Williams David , Kimber Thomas , Matthews Delle , Grossmann Mathis , Bräutigam Michael
Published: May 2023

Psychological assessments are routinely conducted by many cross-cultural mission organizations when recruiting candidates. This qualitative research aimed to clarify the purpose of these assessments, to provide a way forward to improving them. It is part of a larger project which has investigated the use of psychological assessments in the Australasian region. A subsample of six chief executive officers (CEOs), six-member care specialists, and six professional assessors consented to a 1-hour interview about the purpose of psychological assessments. Thematic analysis was used to extract the key themes, and the data from each group were triangulated to form overarching themes. The results suggested each group approached purpose from their professional standpoint. CEOs focused on missiology, member care specialists on pastoral care, and assessors on psychological frameworks for understanding candidates. Five key purposes were identified for these assessments: (1) screening risk, (2) candidate self-awareness and growth, (3) fit for role, (4) discerning call, and (5) normalizing prevention of harm. These assessments are a key part of the discernment process for ministry. They need to be improved based on our increased understanding of the purpose they can potentially serve in ameliorating harm to people who volunteer for cross-cultural work.
A case study of an insider movement among Buddhists in Thailand
Authors: Becker Manuel
Published: May 2023

While insider movements are common in the Muslim and Hindu world, they are rare in the Buddhist world. This case study summarizes the formation and development of an insider movement among Buddhists in Thailand. The key principles in the movement are presented and analyzed. Among them are the importance of reaching entire families, avoiding Christian practices that can become a stumbling block to others, promoting the priesthood of all believers, C5 contextualization, and the powerful testimony of a family following Jesus and being transformed by him.
Submandibular Ectopic Parathyroid Adenoma: A Case Report
Authors: Hakim Tawil Jose Antonio , Flórez Andrés , Sanabria María Camila , Palau Mauricio , Santivañez Juan Jose
Published: May 2023

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by hypercalcemia and elevated or abnormally normal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, due to excessive secretion of PTH by 1 or more parathyroid glands. In this report, we discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by ectopic parathyroid adenomas, a rare but atypical presentation of PHPT. We present the case of a 36-year-old female with PHPT due to an ectopic parathyroid adenoma located in the submandibular region. The patient presented with bone pain and was initially evaluated with routine imaging studies, which were negative. [18F] F-choline positron emission tomography (PET)/Computed tomography revealed the ectopic adenoma, leading to successful surgical management. Ectopic parathyroid adenomas are rare but can occur in various locations, and functional imaging modalities such as choline PET can aid in their detection. Surgical resection remains the definitive treatment for parathyroid adenomas, with intraoperative PTH monitoring guiding the extent of resection. Proper evaluation and management of PHPT is essential to avoid significant morbidity. Our case adds to the growing body of literature on the importance of considering ectopic locations of parathyroid adenomas in patients with PHPT.
Hyphae, pseudohyphae, yeasts, spherules, spores, and more: A review on the morphology and pathology of fungal and oomycete infections in the skin of domestic animals
Authors: Rodrigues Hoffmann Aline , Ramos Maiara G. , Walker Randall T. , Stranahan Lauren W.
Published: May 2023

Fungi are among the most common infectious agents affecting the skin of animals. The skin can serve as a port of entry for fungal infections, which can eventually become disseminated. In some regions of the world, oomycetes, such as Pythium and Lagenidium, are also responsible for a significant number of severe cutaneous infections. Histologic evaluation of fungal morphology, including size, shape, septation, branching, and budding characteristics, combined with the distribution of inflammatory infiltrates within different skin layers can potentially identify etiologic agents, guiding selection of antifungals and additional diagnostics. Fungal infections of the skin surface are typically caused by Malassezia and rarely Candida, with opportunistic fungi also capable of colonizing the skin surface, especially when the barrier is broken. Folliculocentric infections, caused by dermatophytes, result in mild to severe inflammation and can occasionally penetrate deep into the skin. A wide range of fungi, including agents of hyalohyphomycosis, phaeohyphomycosis, and dimorphic fungal infections, as well as oomycetes, result in nodular cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions. With the occasional exception of dimorphic fungi, fungal speciation often requires cultures performed on fresh tissues. However, molecular techniques such as pan-fungal polymerase chain reaction on paraffin blocks is becoming an increasingly useful tool to distinguish between cutaneous fungal pathogens. This review focuses on describing the clinical and histologic features of the most common fungal and oomycete infections affecting the skin of animals, divided according to distribution patterns of lesions and fungal or oomycete morphology.
The Militarization of Emergencies: Is the Spanish Model an Example to Be Followed by the Multitasking Armies of Latin America?
Authors: Martínez Rafa , Bueno Alberto
Published: May 2023

The role of the armed forces in Latin America is characterized by their participation in multiple internal missions. These range from security functions to the provision of social, educational, and public services, among others; their role also involves providing emergency relief. However, some of the armed forces involved in this type of mission do not have specialized units or corps. This poses obvious problems not only from a technical and operational point of view, but also from the perspective of civil-military relations and the definition of the roles of armies. Some Latin American countries have looked to the Emergency Military Unit in Spain as an example to follow for the implementation of a civil defense model based on specialized military resources. The aim of this paper is therefore twofold. First, it seeks to explain that the militarization of emergencies does not involve expanding the use of force but that it can become a “wildcard” policy tool instead. Second, it intends to show how the apparent success of the Spanish Emergency Military Unit resulted from some—not always positive—lessons that can be replicated in the armed forces in Latin America.
Framework for communicating library training at a South African university
Authors: Molepo Mahlaga J , Blose Sihle
Published: May 2023

This article combines social constructivist and transformative paradigms to propose a framework for communicating library training to first-year students. Although performance indicators for literacy are universal, there are explicit attempts to move away from a universal approach to information literacy, as exemplified in the Association of College and Research Libraries Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education. This article addresses the fragmentation of teaching and learning practices in a single case study of University of the Free State libraries. Data were collected using two methods: an integrated literature review; and document analysis. Literature and documentary evidence were found to justify a call for developing an underpinning theory for planning purposes. Furthermore, it was found that synthesized concepts from models, ideas and frameworks can inform new pedagogical approaches. This article proposes the Authority Pedagogy Socialization framework for communicating library training to first-year students and concludes with several recommendations.
Optimization and Validation of Piezoelectric Cantilever Designs for Energy Harvesting from Bridge Vibrations
Authors: Guo Lukai , Wang Hao
Published: May 2023

This study proposes an optimization strategy for bridge applications with a vibration-based energy harvester design. Piezoelectric cantilevers with multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) are designed and optimized to match resonant frequencies with the vibration frequencies of a full-scale bridge structure under different loading conditions and measurement locations. The specific optimization procedures include bridge vibration acceleration measurement, simulation model development for estimating the resonant frequencies, a regression model for optimization of mass combinations, and final installation on the full-scale bridge for validation. The results show that the simulation model predicted the resonant frequencies of cantilevers with less than 1 Hz difference compared with laboratory measurements. Following the entire optimization procedures proposed in this study, the optimized 2-DOF and 3-DOF cantilevers were capable of generating 18.9 [Formula: see text] J and 23.4 [Formula: see text] J energy under one loading pass, respectively, which were significantly higher than those from the baseline designs. The feasibility of the proposed optimization strategy was demonstrated and validated for vibration-based energy harvesting from bridge structures.
S-Cone Photoreceptors Regulate Daily Rhythms and Light-Induced Arousal/Wakefulness in Diurnal Grass Rats (Arvicanthis niloticus)
Authors: Kim Antony B. , Beaver Emma M. , Collins Stephen G. , Kriegsfeld Lance J. , Lockley Steven W. , Wong Kwoon Y. , Yan Lily
Published: May 2023

Beyond visual perception, light has non-image-forming effects mediated by melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). The present study first used multielectrode array recordings to show that in a diurnal rodent, Nile grass rats ( Arvicanthis niloticus), ipRGCs generate rod/cone-driven and melanopsin-based photoresponses that stably encode irradiance. Subsequently, two ipRGC-mediated non-image-forming effects, namely entrainment of daily rhythms and light-induced arousal, were examined. Animals were first housed under a 12:12 h light/dark cycle (lights-on at 0600 h) with the light phase generated by a low-irradiance fluorescent light (F12), a daylight spectrum (D65) stimulating all photoreceptors, or a narrowband 480 nm spectrum (480) that maximized melanopsin stimulation and minimized S-cone stimulation (λmax 360 nm) compared to D65. Daily rhythms of locomotor activities showed onset and offset closer to lights-on and lights-off, respectively, in D65 and 480 than in F12, and higher day/night activity ratio under D65 versus 480 and F12, suggesting the importance of S-cone stimulation. To assess light-induced arousal, 3-h light exposures using 4 spectra that stimulated melanopsin equally but S-cones differentially were superimposed on F12 background lighting: D65, 480, 480 + 365 (narrowband 365 nm), and D65 − 365. Compared to the F12-only condition, all four pulses increased in-cage activity and promoted wakefulness, with 480 + 365 having the greatest and longest-lasting wakefulness-promoting effects, again indicating the importance of stimulating S-cones as well as melanopsin. These findings provide insights into the temporal dynamics of photoreceptor contributions to non-image-forming photoresponses in a diurnal rodent that may help guide future studies of lighting environments and phototherapy protocols that promote human health and productivity.
Does Timing Matter? Associations Between Intimate Partner Violence Across the Early Life Course and Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior in Children
Authors: Moss Katrina M. , Loxton Deborah , Mishra Gita D.
Published: May 2023

The association between exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) and child behavior problems is well established. However, questions remain about whether the timing during the child’s early life course matters. We used a structured life course approach to investigate associations between the timing of IPV and children’s internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Participants were from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH), a national, randomly sampled community-based study that has surveyed women every 3 years since 1996. For this study, mothers born 1973 to 1978 ( N = 2,163) provided data on their three youngest children under 13 years ( N = 3,697, 48.5% female) as part of the Mothers and their Children’s Health (MatCH) study in 2016/2017. Mothers indicated IPV in ALSWH using the Community Composite Abuse Scale in early ( M = 0.99 years, SD = 0.88 years) and middle childhood ( M = 3.98 years, SD = 0.92 years), and before birth (preconception). Mothers rated child internalizing and externalizing behavior in MatCH (child age: M = 8.15 years, SD = 2.37 years) using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. We tested critical period, sensitive period, and accumulation hypotheses by comparing the fit of nested linear regression models (separately for girls and boys). Mothers were predominantly Caucasian (>90%) and university educated (65.5%), and 41.7% reported financial stress. Most children were not exposed to IPV (68.1%). Of those who were, 55.2% were exposed at one time, 28.7% at two times, and 16.1% at all three. Accumulation was the best model for externalizing in boys and girls and for internalizing in girls. A critical period in middle childhood was identified for internalizing in boys. Overall, the duration of exposure was more important than the timing. This suggests early detection is essential in mitigating the impact of IPV on children, with particular attention needed for boys exposed to IPV in middle childhood.
Global development and urban studies: tactics for thinking beyond the North–South binary
Authors: Gillespie Tom , Mitlin Diana
Published: May 2023

Recent calls to shift from an “international” to a “global” development paradigm have sought to challenge global North–South binaries. This has provoked lively debate, with criticisms focusing on two issues: the empirical question of North–South convergence since 1990, and the political-theoretical basis of the proposed paradigm. In response, this paper draws on innovations in postcolonial and comparative urban studies to propose three “tactics” for thinking globally about development: thinking from the South to understand the North; comparing across difference; and exploring transnational flows, circuits and relationships. These tactics demonstrate how it is possible to disrupt geographical binaries while also addressing the two major criticisms of the global development approach. First, they demonstrate that establishing convergence is not a prerequisite to thinking about development across the global North–South distinction. Second, they are informed by critical theoretical approaches that animate a deep commitment to transforming the structural causes of inequalities globally.
Internationalizing International Students’ Experiences: Analysis of Intercultural Dispositions for International Students who Engage in Study Abroad and Internationalization at Home
Authors: Katsumoto Shinji
Published: May 2023

Internationalization of the curriculum has become a prevalent pattern around the world. Using the data of 115,655 domestic students and 7,165 international students from 16 U.S. universities, this study examined the association between the two types of internationalization of the curriculum (on-campus international academic experiences and study abroad from a U.S. host institution to another country) and intercultural dispositions among international students. This study also compared the potential effects of internationalization of the curriculum on international students with domestic students, who have been a primary target of internationalization of the U.S. universities’ curriculum. While on-campus international experiences were positively associated with several intercultural dispositions among international students, study abroad was not. In addition, the association between on-campus international experiences and intercultural dispositions showed little variation between domestic and international students. This result implies that international students are also beneficiaries, rather than mere resources, of internationalization of the U.S. university’ curriculum.
Effectiveness of a home-based telesurveillance program in reducing hospital readmissions in older patients with chronic disease: The eCOBAHLT randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tchalla Achille , Marchesseau Delphine , Cardinaud Noëlle , Laubarie-Mouret Cécile , Mergans Thomas , Kajeu Patrick-Joël , Luce Sandrine , Friocourt Patrick , Tsala-Effa Didier , Tovena Isabelle , Preux Pierre-Marie , Gayot Caroline
Published: May 2023

Introduction

Given that chronic, long-term conditions are increasingly common in older patients, the impact of telesurveillance program on clinical outcomes is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a 12-month remote monitoring program in preventing rehospitalizations in older patients with two or more chronic diseases returning home after hospitalization.

Methods

We conducted a multicenter randomized controlled trial in two parallel groups to evaluate the remote monitoring system. Elderly patients with chronic diseases (at least two comorbidities) aged 65 years or older and discharged home after acute hospital care for a chronic disease were randomized to receive a home telemonitoring program (intervention group, n = 267) or conventional care (control group, n = 267). The remote home monitoring program was an online biometric home life analysis technology (e-COBAHLT) with tele-homecare/automation and biometric sensors. The eCOBALTH intervention group received the automation sensors containing chronic disease clinical factor trackers to monitor their biometric parameters and detect any abnormal prodromal disease decompensation by remote monitoring and providing geriatric expertise to general practitioners. The usual care group received no eCOBALTH program. In both groups, baseline visits were conducted at baseline and the final visit at 12 months. The primary outcome was the incidence of unplanned hospitalizations for decompensation during the 12-month period.

Results

Among 534 randomized participants (mean [SD] age, 80.3 [8.1] years; 280 [52.4%] women), 492 (92.1%) completed the 12-month follow-up; 182 (34.1) had chronic heart failure, 115 (21.5%) had stroke, and 77 (14.4%) had diabetes. During the 12-month follow-up period, 238 patients had at least one unplanned hospitalization for decompensation of a chronic disease: 108 (40.4%) in the intervention group versus 130 (48.7%) in the control group (P = 0.04). The risk of rehospitalization was significantly reduced in the intervention group (age- and sex-adjusted relative risk: 0.72, 95% 95% confidence intervals 0.51-0.94).

Conclusion

A 12-month home telemonitoring program with online biometric analysis using Home life technology combining telecare and biometric sensors is feasible and effective in preventing unplanned hospitalizations for chronic disease decompensation in elderly patients with chronic diseases at high risk for hospitalizations.
Mechanical performance of steel tubes filled with demolished concrete lumps under axial compression
Authors: Yu Changxing , Pan Xiangguang , Ma Yuanhao , Zhang Aihua , Pan Yifei , Liu Chuanqi , Yu Bingyou , Zhang Yan
Published: May 2023

Demolished concrete lumps (DCLs) have been introduced as partial coarse aggregate replacements in concrete casting process. However, limited research works have been performed on sensitive behaviors of slenderness concrete filled steel tube (CFST) filled with fresh concrete (FC) and DCLs under axial compression. Based on the previous research work, orthogonal design method was employed to investigate further mechanical performance. Experimental studied involved 12 columns of CFST with diameter 159 mm and lengths 2000, 2200 and 2400 mm. The ratios of the diameter-to-thickness (D/t) were 79, 53 and 40, while replacement ratios of FC in DCLs were 0%, 20%, 40% and 60%, respectively. The results of experimental tests of the CFST filled with DCLs and FC indicated that ratio of slenderness have a greatest effect on the bearing capacity of slender column under axial compression, followed by the D/t ratio, and the weakest effect was observed for DCLs replacement. DCLs slightly affected the mechanical performances of slender CFST columns, so the ultimate bearing capacity of CFST can ignore the influence of replacement rate of DCLs. To calculate CFST slender column ultimate bearing capacity with DCLs, design codes AIJ, AISC, CE4, CECS 28: 2012, DL/T 5085-1999 were used to predicted ultimate bearing capacity, found that the code CECS 28:2012 was employed for the calculation of slender CFST DCLs filled column bearing capacity under axial compression being comparable accuracy.
Transaxillary Branch-to-Branch-to-Branch Carotid Catheterization Technique for Triple-Branch Arch Repair
Authors: Prendes Carlota F. , Spath Paolo , Stana Jan , Hamwi Tarek , Peterss Sven , Stavroulakis Konstantinos , Pichlmaier Maximilian , Tsilimparis Nikolaos
Published: May 2023

Purpose:

To describe the transaxillary branch-to-branch-to-branch carotid catheterization technique (tranaxillary 3BRA-CCE IT) for cannulation of all supra-aortic vessels using only 1 femoral and 1 axillary access during triple-branch arch repair.

Technique:

After deployment of the triple-branch arch device, catheterization and bridging of the innominate artery (IA) should be performed through a right axillary access (cutdown or percutaneous). Then, the retrograde left subclavian (LSA) branch should be catheterized (if not preloaded) from a percutaneous femoral access, and a 12×90Fr sheath should be advanced to the outside of the endograft. Subsequently, catheterization of the left common carotid artery (LCCA) antegrade branch should be performed, followed by snaring of a wire in the ascending aorta which was inserted through the axillary access, creating a branch-to-branch-to-branch through-and-through guidewire. Over the axillary access, a 12×45Fr sheath should be inserted into the IA branch and looped in the ascending aorta using a push-and-pull technique so that it faces the LCCA branch, allowing for stable catheterization of the LCCA. The retrograde LSA branch should then be bridged following the standard fashion.

Conclusions:

This series of 5 patients demonstrates that triple-branch arch repair can be performed with the transaxillary 3BRA-CCE IT, allowing catheterization of the supra-aortic vessels without manipulation of the carotid arteries.

Clinical Impact

The transaxillary 3BRA-CCE IT allows catheterization and bridging of all supra-aortic vessels in triple-branch arch repair through only 2 vascular access points, the femoral artery and the right axillary artery. This technique avoids carotid surgical cutdown and manipulation during these procedures, reducing the risk of access site complications, including bleeding and reintervention, reintubation, cranial nerve lesions, increased operating time, and so on, and has the potential to change the current vascular access standard used during triple-branch arch repair.
Hispanic Diabetes Peer Facilitator Training Needs and Connections to Hispanics With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Allen Nancy A. , Litchman Michelle L. , Greenwood Deborah A. , Ng Ashley , Sanchez-Birkhead Ana
Published: May 2023

Introduction: There is a gap in the literature on the role of Hispanic peer facilitators (PFs) in online peer-support communities for Hispanics with diabetes. This paper explores bilingual Hispanic PFs’ training experiences and their perspectives on their role in a continuous glucose monitoring and online peer support intervention for people with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with five PFs. A three-stage triangulation of qualitative data using inductive and deductive reasoning was used for the data analysis. Results: We grouped emerging themes into three categories: (a) technical and practical training needs and experiences, (b) building connections through shared diabetes experience, and (c) challenges and benefits of being a PF, such as helplessness, to further support participants and find motivation for their diabetes management. Conclusion: Successful peer facilitation requires more than technical knowledge. PFs need additional communication skills and psychosocial training on diabetes distress, anxiety, and depression. PFs may derive personal benefits in managing their own diabetes and making positive lifestyle changes from participating in an online peer support community.
Totally Endoscopic Surgery for Repairing Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect Using Double-Patch Technique on Beating Heart
Authors: Dang Huy Q. , Le Huong T. , Nguyen Hien S.
Published: May 2023

Objective:

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery has not been widely applied in repairing sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SV-ASD). Most were minithoracotomy using the single-patch technique for patients with anomalous pulmonary veins (APVs) connecting to the superior vena cava–right atrium (SVC-RA) junction. It is unclear whether patients with APVs draining high to the SVC can be repaired safely and effectively through port access.

Methods:

From May 2019 to October 2022, 11 consecutive SV-ASD patients with APVs connecting high to the SVC were enrolled in this prospective study. One 12 mm port and 2 trocars (5.5 mm and 10 mm) were established. The pleural and pericardial spaces were filled with CO2. The SVC was snared just below the azygos vein. The RA incision was longitudinally extended along the SVC-RA junction to the SVC. The bovine pericardial patches were used to redirect the APV flow to the left atrium through the ASD and to enlarge the SVC and the SVC-RA junction.

Results:

There were no early or late deaths and no reoperations. The concomitant procedures included 5 patients (45.5%) with patent foramen ovale closure, 2 with ASD extension, and 3 with tricuspid valve repair. No endoscopic failure was recorded. The average cardiopulmonary bypass and operative times were 96 (23) min and 190 (30) min, respectively. No cases of venous stenosis or sinus node dysfunction were noted during follow-up of 16.4 ± 12.2 months.

Conclusions:

SV-ASD with the APVs draining high to the SVC could be repaired safely and effectively through port access with a double-patch technique.
An eye-tracking study of how coach's nonverbal communication affects memorization of basketball tactical scenes
Authors: Ben Chikha Houssem , Zoudji Bachir , Khacharem Aïmen
Published: May 2023

Numerous studies have been conducted to examine the effects of an instructor's pointing gestures on learning performance across a wide range of academic domains. There are, however, few clear instructional guidelines for enhancing learning from this visual guidance. This study tested the combined effects of the coach's pointing gesture and gaze guidance on attention and recall performance in field-based sports. This study used a 3 (control vs. gesture vs. gesture/gaze) × 2 (novice vs. expert) between-subjects factorial design. Results showed a significant interaction effect between expertise level and experimental conditions on visual attention and memorization performance. Novice players scored higher after studying tactical instructions with pointing gestures and gaze guidance than players who studied the same instructions with pointing gestures, who in turn performed better than players who received instructions without cues. Expert players showed the same level of performance when they received the instructions without cues and with pointing gestures. However, they showed lower performance (notably in the visual attention and the mental effort measures) when they received the video with pointing gestures and gaze guidance compared to the instructions without gestures and with pointing gestures. These results suggest that the effectiveness of nonverbal visual guidance changes depending on the players’ level of expertise.