bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychological Distress Induces Poor Sleep Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study of Pharmacy Students in Bandung City, Indonesia
Authors: Alfian Sofa D. , Ng Henry , Destiani Dika P. , Abdulah Rizky
Published: September 2018

Introduction:

Poor subjective sleep quality in undergraduate students has not been widely studied in Bandung city, Indonesia. Poor sleep quality has been related to a number of risk factors for poor health outcomes.

Objective:

To analyze the association between psychological distress and subjective sleep quality.

Methods:

A cross sectional survey was done in one of the universities of Bandung city, Indonesia. Data were collected from 290 undergraduate students selected through consecutive sampling. Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Kessler-10 questionnaire were administered.

Results:

The prevalence of psychological distress was well (43.1%), mild (28.6%), moderate (20.7%), and severe (7.6%). The overall sleep quality was poor and good in 84.5% and 15.5% of the students. There was a significant association between psychological distress and poor sleep quality (p=0.006). The multivariate analysis suggested that psychological distress was a predictor of poor sleep quality (OR 1.991; 95% CI, 1.311−3.026).

Conclusion:

There is a need for an awareness of the college resources to help manage the stress levels of students through effective coping strategy-related study habits.
Antimicrobial Activity of Highly Fluorinated Thiocarbamates and Dithiocarbamates
Authors: Thebti Amal , Chniti Ines , Sanhoury Med Abderrahmane , Chehidi Ikram , Ouzari Hadda Imene , Boudabous Abdellatif
Published: September 2018

Background:

The widespread occurrence of resistance to current antibiotics has triggered increasing research efforts to design and develop innovative antibacterial and antifungal agents that could overcome such antimicrobial resistance.

Objective:

The aim of this work was the in vitro evaluation of twelve highly fluorinated Nmonosubstituted thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates and six non-fluorinated analogs against nine bacterial strains and three fungal species.

Methods:

The in vitro antimicrobial activity against the tested microrganisms was evaluated using the microdilution broth method.

Results:

Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus aureus 6539 and all the three fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium expansum) exhibited the highest rate of susceptibility, whilst Enterococcus faecuim ATCC 19436 and particularly Escherichia coli DH5α were less susceptible. Thiocarbamate (1i) and dithiocarbamate (2i) showed both the lowest MIC values (3.9 µg/mL) and the widest spectrum of antibacterial activity. Furthermore, the N-ethyl derivatives inhibited more efficiently the growth of bacteria than N-aryl analogs.

Conclusion:

The fluorinated compounds showed, in general, a relatively more potent antibacterial activity than non-fluorinated counterparts. The results indicate that these thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates could be promising candidates as potential antimicrobial agents.
A Study on Digital Democracy Practice: Opportunities and Challenges of e-Health Implementation in Indonesia
Authors: Kusumasari Bevaola , Setianto Widodo Agus , Pang Li Li
Published: September 2018

As a developing country, Indonesia faces a crucial issue concerning the provision of health services to the public. The 1998 political reform led to demands for more aspiring and accommodating bureaucratic services being aﬀorded to the public. The political reform brought about bureaucratic reform bearing good governance, wherein one of its forms is the provision of health services through the innovation of an information technology (IT) based service named e-Health. Keeping in mind Indonesia’s characteristics as a developing country, the implementation of IT-based services evokes numerous debates. This study aims to analyze the implementation of e-Health along with the opportunities it has, and the challenges it faces. By using a study case approach on the Surabaya Municipality Health Authority as the initiator and implementer of e-Health, as well as observations and user surveys, the results show that in spite of having been prepared properly with supporting policies, infrastructure, budgeting, dissemination, and operational system, there were still many prevalent obstacles encountered, particularly concerning digital divide, technical diﬃculties, psychological barriers, and cultural issues. Nevertheless, there are numerous opportunities available for refining e-Health implementation, provided there is a political will from the government to improve and enhance the ICT infrastructure, widespread use of mobile devices, involvement of public participation, and equal distribution of service points easily accessible to the public. Strong government commitment also serves as a guarantee for e-Health service program sustainability in Surabaya Municipality.
A STUDY ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND THEIR RISK FACTORS OF ANTI- ASTHMATIC AGENTS AMONG GARMENTS DUST-INDUCED ASTHMATIC PATIENTS IN MANCHESTER OF SOUTH INDIA
Authors: A Muthukumar , R Sundara Ganapathy
Published: September 2018

Objective: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are well known to occur with any class of drugs when used in normal doses for the management of diseases. The main aim of the study was to detect and analyze ADRs in patients with bronchial asthma in a Coimbatore zone.Methods: This was an observational, voluntary reporting study. The study was conducted in and around Coimbatore. Samples are collected in all age groups. We are taken support of “Suspected ADR” reporting form from Indian pharmacopoeia commission to collect samples.Results: A total of 1163 ADRs were reported by patients during the study period with male predominance over female. The average age of the patients in the study was found to be 30–60 years. The majority of ADR occurred in the age group 30–60 years, the average duration of bronchial asthma in this study was found to be 3 years. The most commonly occurred ADRs were beclomethasane-induced seizures, salbutamol-induced tremor, anorexia, and nausea, and nausea, salmeterol-induced tremor, and montelukast-induced angioedema were also common.Conclusion: An ADR due to oral anti-asthmatic is a frequent problem. Few multicenter studies are needed for a strong anti-asthmatic drug ADRs database in India.
RESEARCH OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF RUTA GRAVEOLENS L. AND STELLARIA MEDIA (L.) VILL
Authors: Mv Melnyk , Vm Vodoslavskyi , Ma Obodianskyi
Published: September 2018

Objective: The results of the determination of the phenolic compounds in Ruta graveolens L. and Stellaria media (L.) Vill. herb by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV)-detection are presented in the article.Method: The qualitative composition and quantitative content of the phenolic compounds were studied by HPLC on the Agilent 1200 chromatograph using methanolic extracts of R. graveolens L. and S. media (L.) Vill. herb. The components of hydroxycinnamic acids were determined at wavelengths of 320 nm and 330 nm; flavonoids at 255 nm and 340 nm; and tannins at 255 nm and 280 nm.Results: On the basis of the analysis conducted by the method of HPLC in the herb of R. graveolens L., 16 substances were identified: 6 flavonoids (apigenin, rutin, quercetin, luteolin, isoquercetin, and hyperoside), 4 hydroxycinnamic acids (chlorogenic, rosmarinic, caffeic, and p-coumaric), and 6 tannins (gallic and ellagic acids, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate). In the herb of S. media (L.) Vill., chlorogenic acid, flavone aglycones: Luteolin and apigenin, and flavonol glycosides: Isoquercetin and rutin were identified.Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it was established that the dominant components of R. graveolens L. and S. media (L.) Vill. herb are chlorogenic acid and a flavonoid component apigenin, which has anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, the obtained results point to the prospect of further research with the aim of creating of herbal substances with a certain pharmacological action.
CYTOTOXICITY OF STRAWBERRY EXTRACT ON ORAL CANCER CELL LINE
Authors: G Ramya , V Vishnu Priya , R Gayathri
Published: September 2018

Objective: Berries including strawberry may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress-mediated diseases such as cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of strawberry extract on oral cancer cell line.Methods: Strawberry methanolic extract (SBE) was prepared, and cytotoxic activity of different concentration of SBE on KB cell lines was determined by (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and neutral red dye incorporation test.Results: Strawberry extract exhibits cytotoxic activity over the oral cancer cell lines. On administration of about 100 μg/ml of strawberry extract, about 50% of cell viability could be observed and assessed from the cell lines.Conclusion: Strawberries have a cytotoxic effect on oral cancer cell line due to the presence of anticancer constituents in the berries. These berries can be used as a natural medicine for cancer sufferers.
CORRELATION OF NON-HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL WITH LIPOPROTEIN(A) IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: M Vasanthan
Published: September 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to estimate the level of lipoprotein(a) and lipid profile, especially non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in diabetic patients, and to correlate the same with healthy controls (non-diabetics).Methods: A total of 30 non-diabetic subjects and 30 diabetic patients were included in the study. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) was estimated by immunoturbidimetry and the other parameters by their respective methods in biochemistry auto-analyzer.Result: From the study, it was found that both Lp(a) and non-HDLC were increased in diabetics when compared to the non-diabetic controls. It was also evident that there is a positive correlation of Lp(a) levels with non-HDL C.Conclusion: Lp(a) and non-HDL C are responsible for atherogenic events in uncontrolled diabetic patients, leading to risks such as coronary artery disease.
IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT TEST FROM MORINGA LEAF EXTRACT (MORINGA OLEIFERA L.) WITH CARBON CLEARANCE METHOD IN MALE WHITE MICE
Authors: Dillasamola Dwisari , Aldi Yufri , Fakhri Mutia , Diliarosta Skunda , P Biomechy Oktomalio , Noverial Noverial
Published: September 2018

Objective: Moringa oleifera leaf has chemical compounds that have been utilized by the community to cure health problems. One of its activities is an immunomodulator. The aim of this study is to determine the immunomodulatory effect from M. oleifera leaf using a carbon clearance method to measure the activity of phagocytic cells in exterminating pathogens that enter the body then followed by calculating the total leukocyte cells. The parameters of this test are phagocytosis index and total leukocyte cells.Methods: Twenty white male mice were divided into four groups. Group I (vehicle control) was treated with sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) 0.5%, Group II-IV were treated by M. oleifera leaf extract given to the mice for six consecutive days orally in doses of 10, 30, 100 mg/kg. On the seventh day, white male mice were given with intravenous carbon suspension through their tails. The value of phagocytosis index (PI > 1) indicated immunostimulant activity. The data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan test.Results: The analysis of variance results showed that the groups treated with Moringa leaf extract are significantly different with the vehicle groups (NaCMC 0.5%) (p<0.05). Increased doses of Moringa leaf extract are effective to improve the immunomodulator effect. It was included that Moringa leaf extract had the immunomodulatory capabilities as an immunostimulant.Conclusion: Immunomodulatory effect test of M. oleifera Lam. Based on the result of the research about immunomodulatory effect test from Moringa leaf extract (Moringa Oleifera L.) with carbon clearance method in male white mice, it can be concluded that Moringa leaf extract (Moringa Oleifera L.) has effect as an Immunomodulator.
IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN CYMODOCEA SERRULATA-A SEAGRASS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: N Pushpabharathi , M Jayalakshmi , P Amudha , V Vanitha
Published: September 2018

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the lead phytocompounds present in the ethanol extract of the seagrass Cymodocea serrulata by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS).Methods: 1 kg of C. serrulata whole seagrass powder was subjected to extraction on polarity basis using five solvent such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and water. Since ethanol extract showed a maximum antioxidant property, its phytochemicals were investigated using GCMS technique. The phytocompounds identified through GC were interpreted with mass spectra national institute standard and technology library.Result: The GCMS analysis of ethanol extract of C. serrulata identified peaks of six different compounds they are hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (7.70%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (4.11%), tetradecanoic acid (62.89%), pentadecanoic acid(62.89%), cholesta4, 6dien3ol (5.88%), and stigmasterol (19.42%).Conclusion: The GCMS study of C. serrulata ethanol extract unveils the presence of bioactive compounds that have a pharmacological and nutraceutical values.
PHARMACOVIGILANCE STUDY OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS/ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME PATIENTS AT ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY CENTRE, JABALPUR
Authors: Bansal Rajkumari , K Daryani K , Singh Ajit Pratap
Published: September 2018

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of antiretroviral therapy along with its causality, severity, and preventability.Method: A prospective as well as a retrospective observational study with a sample size of 260, jointly conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and antiretroviral therapy (ART) center of N.S.C.B. Medical College Jabalpur, India, from March 2016 to July 2017. We observed various ADRs to ART in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and assessed causality, severity, and preventability of the reported ADRs as per the standard scales.Results: A total of 260 patients were enrolled of which 220 (84.6%) patients developed a total of 425 ADRs. Maximum 51.7% of ADRs were caused by TLE followed by 37% with ZLN regimen. Most common ADRs were dizziness 18.6%, rashes 14.6%, anemia 10.6%, and vomiting 6.6%. Dizziness and rashes are mainly caused by TLE and ZLN regimen, respectively. Management of ADRs with a change in the regimen was applied as an interventional tool in 40% of the patients. Causality assessment as per the WHO-UMC scale showed that 55.5% of ADR were probable and 45.5% were possible. 84.5% of ADR was not preventable, while 15.5% of ADRs were probably preventable. 38% of ADRs were mild, 56% were moderate, and 6% were severe in nature.Conclusion: Antiretrovirals, however, the milestone for the treatment of HIV/AIDS have very high potential for developing ADRs. Hence, active pharmacovigilance is needed for not only safety of the patients but also compliance to the treatment which is necessary for optimal therapeutic outcomes and to improve quality of life.
A GREEN APPROACH FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM, MESOPOROUS SILICA GRAFTED ACRYLAMIDE –β- CYCLODEXTRIN COMPOSITE, FOR THE CONTROLLED RELEASE OF CURCUMIN
Authors: Mullassery Manohar D , Fernandez Noeline B , R Surya , Thomas Diana
Published: September 2018

Objective: The scope of the present study was the preparation and characterization of a novel composite acrylamide β-cyclodextrin grafted 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane bentonite (AMCD-g-APSB), for the controlled delivery of curcumin (CUR).Methods: AMCD-g-APSB, was synthesized by solvent-free conditions using microwave irradiation. The structure and surface morphology of the composite was established using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, etc.Results: The swelling percentage of the composite depends on both time and pH of the medium. The maximum swelling of the composite occurred at a pH of 7.4. The maximum drug encapsulation was occurring at a pH 3. About 96.5% of drug was loaded at pH 3. In vitro biocompatibility study was performed, and the result showed good biocompatibility of the composite in the concentration range 2.5–50 μg/ml.Conclusions: Drug delivery study of the composite proved that CUR could be successfully released in a controlled manner in the colon without much loses of the drug in the stomach.
MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT POLYMICROBIAL BACTEREMIA AND SEPSIS: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Shahbazi Nia Siavash , Modaresahmadi Shadan , Thirumoorthi Vithya , Anwar Qaisar , Prasad Shankar
Published: September 2018

Antibiotic-resistance is currently a serious threatening factor to global public health that needs a universal action by all government sectors and societies. Here, we report an aggressive case of multidrug-resistant (MDR) polymicrobial bacteremia and sepsis. A 73-year-old male patient was admitted to a tertiary hospital with the complaints of breathlessness, cough with expectorations, vomiting, loose stools, and altered sensorium due to polymicrobial bacteremia and sepsis, which was found to be antibiotic resistant. Blood culture reports showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas putida, and sputum culture showed Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumonia. However, according to the culture sensitivity test reports, the organisms were resistant to almost all antibiotics and different antibiotics were tried. On the last day of hospitalization, the patient started desaturation and developed bradycardia and after sometimes cardiac arrest. In spite of continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the patient could not be resuscitated and declared to be dead. The patient was finally diagnosed with MDR polymicrobial bacteremia and sepsis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with cor pulmonale, colitis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and respiratory acidosis. Although polymicrobial bacteremia and sepsis are rare, awareness of such conditions and of the rare causative pathogens, such as A. baumannii, especially in patients with comorbidities, will help treat the patients with bacteremia and sepsis.
CONNECTION APPROACHES BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SHOREA ROBUSTA GAERTN. F.: A REVIEW
Authors: Singh Manish Pal , Kumar Ravi
Published: September 2018

Shorea robusta is regarded as an important medicine in Ayurveda. S. robusta Gaertn. f. belongs to family Dipterocarpaceae, and traditionally, it is used to treat wounds, ulcers, leprosy, cough, gonorrhea, earache, and headache and many more. The use of different parts of this plant such as leaves, resin, and bark as a medicament for the treatment of various conditions is well documented in literature. It is the rich source of flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, phenols, etc. mainly triterpenoids, which play the prominent role for their therapeutic potential in the drug. These compounds are believed to be responsible for the pharmacological activities of plant extract. The present review clarified the main active ingredients and pharmacological effects of S. robusta as a promising plant as a result of effectiveness and safety. Further studies should be carried out this plant to discover the unrevealed part of it which may serve for the welfare of humankind.
EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIMICROBIAL, AND HYPOGLYCEMIC EFFECTS OF THE LEAVES OF EMBELIA RIBES
Authors: H Haseena Banu , Ms Prateeba , Loganathan Preethi , Subramaniam Suganthi
Published: September 2018

Objective: The purpose of this work is to evaluate the antimicrobial, antibacterial, and hypoglycemic effects of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Embelia ribes leaves using in vitro studies.Methods: Antibacterial activities of the methanolic and ethanolic extract of E. ribes leaves against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, and Klebsiella pneumoniae at different concentrations ranging from 10, 25, 50, and 75 μg/mL and their antibacterial activities were compared to those of the reference controls such as ciprofloxacin and clindamycin. Furthermore, the effect of leaf extracts on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes was assayed.Results: The methanolic and ethanolic extract of E. ribes leaves effectively inhibited the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of the methanolic extract was more prominent than that of ethanolic extract. At the same time, both the extracts showed markable inhibition of bacterial growth at a concentration of 75 μg/mL compared to the other three doses (10, 25, and 50 μg/ml) and also commercially available antibiotic drugs ciprofloxacin and clindamycin that were used as positive control drugs. The antibacterial activity of methanolic extract is significantly higher than that of ethanolic extract.Conclusion: The preliminary results of this study have put forward E. ribes into promising herb with respect to its therapeutic potential although further studies are needed to evaluate its mechanism of action.
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN E AND COENZYME Q10 SUPPLEMENTATION AGAINST DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS
Authors: Ibrahim Manal Abdulkhaliq , Al-shawi Nada Naji
Published: September 2018

Objective: This work was designed to investigate the effect of Vitamin E and the coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on neurotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (DOX) in rats.Methods: Forty-nine adult Albino rats of both sexes were utilized in this study; animals were randomly enrolled into seven groups of seven animals each. Group I: Control (rats administered corn oil); Group II: Vitamin E at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks; Group III: CoQ10 at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks; Group IV: DOX (2.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally (IP) injected every other day for 2 weeks; Group V: Vitamin E (100 mg/kg/day) orally administered for 3 weeks prior to a DOX 2.5 mg/kg IP injected every other day for 2 weeks; Group VI: CoQ10 (50 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks orally administered prior to an IP dose of DOX 2.5 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks; and Group VII: CoQ10 (50 mg/kg/day), Vitamin E (100 mg/kg) for 3 weeks orally administered prior to an IP dose of DOX 2.5 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks. Twenty-four hour after the end of the treatment duration, brain of each animal was excised and part of it to be utilized to prepare homogenate for the estimation of caspase-3 (CASP-3), and the remaining part is used for immunohistochemistry examination and to estimate the percent of apoptotic index by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.Results: Vitamin E and CoQ10 significantly (p<0.05) reduced CASP-3, reduced the percent apoptotic index of TUNEL-assay, and there was an improvement in the immunohistochemistry of rats’ brain in Groups V, Group VI, and group VII by reducing number of apoptotic cells compared to Group IV.Conclusion: Both Vitamin E and CoQ10 may have a protective effect against DOX-induced neurotoxicity in rats.
HARNESSING THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF CERIUM AND YTTRIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES TO ENHANCE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL PROLIFERATION
Authors: Aglan Hadeer A , Mabrouk Mostafa , Aly Riham M , Beherei Hanan H , Ahmed Hanaa H
Published: September 2018

Objective: This work was designed to explore if cerium oxide (CeO2) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanoparticles as antioxidant agents could potentiate the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human dental pulp (hDPSCs).Methods: Nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, particle size and zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) along with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Furthermore, MSCs were isolated from human dental pulp, propagated and characterized by flow cytometry. Thereafter, the proliferative impact of the suggested nanoparticles on hDPSCs was investigated by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.Results: Different sizes (14.09–26.50 nm and 18.80–31.31 nm) for CeO2 and Y2O3 respectively, morphology, charges, and proliferative efficacy in hDPSCs were recorded for both nanoparticles.Conclusion: Generally speaking, the tested nanoparticles heightened the proliferative response of hDPSCs with the most prominent effect exerted by 15 μg/ml of CeO2 and 5 μg/ml of Y2O3. It is reasonable to assume that the antioxidant property of CeO2 and Y2O3 be involved in strengthening the proliferation process of hDPSCs.
ASSOCIATION OF OBESITY WITH RS1421085 AND RS9939609 POLYMORPHISMS OF FTO GENE WITH T2DM IN EGYPTIAN FEMALES
Authors: Abdel Rahman Adel A. H. , Megied Ahmed E. S. Abdel , El Baz Rizk A. , Wafa Alaa M. , El Zekred Abeer S.
Published: September 2018

Objective: Obesity has been described as a worldwide increasing health problem and risk factor of various disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). So, our study aim to determine of common variants of fat mass and obesity associated gene polymorphisms rs1421085 and rs 9939609; confers risk of obesity and type 2 diabetic mellitus in Egyptian females.Methods: In this population rs1421085 and rs9939609 polymorphisms of fat mass and obesity (FTO) gene were genotyped in 105 obese patients and 100 healthy controls with ages 14-60 y were collected from Medicine Specialized Hospital, Mansoura University, Egypt during the period between Jul.-Oct. 2016, genotyping of SNPs was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay, fasting blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) lipid profile was determined.Results: There was the significantly higher frequency of the AA compared to controls p=0.0001) of genotypers9939609. Also, cases have shown a significantly higher frequency of the C allele, p<0.00001) of rs1421085 genotype polymorphisms increased the risks of obesity. On the other hand, there were no significant correlations between genotypes and obesity-related (anthropometric body composition) parameters. Only the fasting blood glucose was significantly higher in the TA p=0.004).Conclusion: The FTO rs9939609 and rs1421085 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was associated with increased risk of obesity in type 2 diabetic populations on Egyptian females.
ENTADA PHASEOLOIDES ATTENUATES SCOPOLAMINE INDUCED MEMORY IMPAIRMENT, NEURO-INFLAMMATION AND NEURO-DEGENERATION VIA BDNF/TRKB/NFΚB P65 PATHWAY IN RADIAL ARM MAZE
Authors: Barua Chandana Choudhury , Buragohain Lipika , Purkayastha Arundhati , Saikia Beenita , Babu K Suresh , Kumari G. Swarna , Barua Acheenta Gohain
Published: September 2018

Objective: The present study investigates the protective effects of crude extract from seeds of Entada phaseoloides and isolated compounds in enhancing cognition in Scopolamine induced learning and memory impairments in the radial arm maze model.Methods: Two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg) of the crude methanolic extract of Entada phaseoloides (MEEP) were evaluated for amnesic activity by Radial Arm Maze memory model. Scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg i. p.), an amnestic drug was used for impairing memory. Tacrine (3 mg/kg, i. p.) was used as the standard drug. Animals were sacrificed to evaluate biochemical parameters viz. lipid peroxidase (LPO), nitrite oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), cytokine levels by ELISA, Catecholamine levels by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Caspase-3 activity by Fluorogenic assay, Gene (BDNF, TrkB, NF-κB p65, BAX) expression studies by Western Blotting and AChE, α7nAchR, Caspase-3, Nrf2 and HO-1 by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction.Results: Treatment with MEEP significantly decreases escape latency and reference memory error (RME). MEEP treatment reversed the Scopolamine-induced hyperactivation of Acetylcholinesterase activity and overexpression of proteins NF-κB p65 BAX and also Caspase-3 activity in the hippocampus of rats. The level of BDNF, TrkB and α7nAchR were significantly up-regulated and AChE, Caspase-3, Nrf2, HO-1 were down-regulated in the MEEP treated rat. The extract increased the activity of SOD, GSH, Catalase, 5-HT, NE, Dopamine and decreased the levels of LPO and NO in rat hippocampus. Different active components of the seeds have been isolated.Conclusion: These results indicated that seeds of Entada phaseoloides might become a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in addition to its already established medicinal properties.
Meropenem/colistin versus meropenem/ampicillin–sulbactam in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant pneumonia
Authors: Khalili Hossein , Shojaei Lida , Mohammadi Mostafa , Beigmohammadi Mohammad-Taghi , Abdollahi Alireza , Doomanlou Mahsa
Published: September 2018

Aim:
Efficacy of colistin and ampicillin–sulbactam have not been compared in treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to
A. baumannii
. Efficacy of colistin and ampicillin–sulbactam in combination with meropenem were compared in treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to carbapenem-resistant
A. baumannii
.
Method:
47 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia due to carbapenem-resistant
A. baumannii
were randomized to receive meropenem/colistin or meropenem/ampicillin–sulbactam for 14 days. Clinical and microbiological responses and 28-day mortality were considered as outcomes.
Results:
Clinical response (75 vs 69.6%; p = 0.75) and microbial eradication (87.50 vs 91.3%; p = 0.59) were comparable between meropenem/colistin and meropenem/ampicillin–sulbactam groups, respectively.
Conclusion:
In this study, clinical and microbiological response were comparable between the meropenem/colistin and meropenem/ampicillin–sulbactam groups.
Análise da produção científica das teses e dissertações sobre a institucionalização da educação a distância no período de 2006 a 2016
Authors: Petter Rosemery Celeste , Maciel Cristiano
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um panorama geral das teses e dissertações sobre a Institucionalização da Educação a Distância, realizadas no período de 2006 a 2016. Para tanto, foi utilizada metodologia de Revisão Sistemática da Literatura obedecendo na sua implementação as fases definidas no protocolo de pesquisa, consulta realizada em duas bases de dados eletrônicos: o Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Capes e a Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações do IBICT. A pesquisa identificou 16 estudos, e destes foram apresentados e analisados os seguintes pormenores: identificação das pesquisas, foco temático, aporte teórico e delineamento metodológico. Os resultados revelam que ainda são poucas as pesquisas que tratam da institucionalização da Educação a Distância e que mais da metade delas foram defendidas em Programas de Pós-Graduação na área da Educação. A abordagem de pesquisa predominante é a qualitativa e o método mais utilizado, o estudo de caso.
O Currículo e o Ensino Religioso na BNCC: reflexões e perspectivas
Authors: Silva José Carlos da
Published: September 2018

Resumo: O Ensino Religioso (ER) nos remete a um tema polêmico e vem despertando o interesse de grupos religiosos e educadores da área. O ER é uma das disciplinas mais antigas no currículo escolar no país. No Brasil, não existe oficialmente uma diretriz nacional comum para esta disciplina, capaz de produzir uma ação pedagógica autônoma e reflexiva, que respeite o pluralismo religioso, a diversidade cultural e étnica de seu povo. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os desafios e as perspectivas do ER como área de conhecimento na Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC, bem como discutir como tal disciplina pode ser uma ação pedagógica dialógica, reflexiva, crítica e emancipadora?
Morphological Variation of Somatic Embryos of Coffea arabica L. During Some Sub-Culture Periods
Authors: Ardiyani Fitria , Pancaningtya Sulistyani
Published: September 2018

One of factors that affects the success of a plant cultivation using somatic embryogenesis method is the formation of somatic embryos from embryogenesis callus. This research aimed to study the effect of sub-culture period on quality and quantity of the somatic embryos of Coffea arabica. This research used explants of somatic embryos of Arabica coffee obtained from the leaves of 2K Andungsari clone. The embryos were taken during embryogenes is callus phase using Murashige-Skoog culture media added with B5 vitamin and auxin hormone (2,4dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) 0.5 mg/L and sitokinin (benzyl amino purin) 1 mg/L. Observation on somatic embryos obtained from the sub-culture period of 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 weeks. The parameters observed in this study included quantity and quality of the somatic embryos during each sub-culture period. Observations on quantity of the somatic embryos were conducted based on number of embryos per cluster, while quality was measured from the percentage of normal embryos, histological analysis, and morphological measurement on weight and size of the normal embryos. The result showed that the best quantity of somatic embryos was obtained from the sub-culture period of nine weeks with 18.4 somatic embryos per cluster. The best quality embryos were also obtained in the sub-culture period of nine weeks with the percentage of normal embryos 71.4%. Histological analysis carried out on the somatic embryos obtained from sub-culture of three weeks period showed that the cells of the embryos were formed by living and solid cells which nucleus were clearly seen in the center of the cell, indicating that the embryos were formed by young tissues. Data of morphological parameters showed that normal embryos during the sub-culture period 3 to 15 weeks weighed around 0.23–0.78 mg and length of around 0.18–0.25 cm. The data can be used to predict number of explants and required time to produce certain number of normal embryos
Auto-Dissemination of Beauveria Bassiana in Controlling Coffee Berry Borer
Authors: Sulistyowati Endang , Suci Rahayu Dwi , Shepard Merle , Carner Gerry
Published: September 2018

Coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei Ferr. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) is generally controlled by applying integrated pest management, particularly through sanitation and using biological agents. Beauveria bassiana is wellknown as an entomopathogenic fungus, which has been proven to be the most effective and prospective agent that could be developed to control CBB. Dissemination of microbial biocontrol agents via insect or predators may has advantages for safe spore dispersal to targeted pests with the added benefit of predation. The research with aim to determine if spores of B. bassiana can be picked up by CBB from disseminated containers had been conducted at Plant Protection Laboratory and Kaliwining Experimental Station of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute. Ten infected coffee berries and ten CBB adults were sprayed with various concentration of B. bassiana suspension, and then infested them in 10 healthy berries in petridish. The same trials was conducted in the field, by infested them to healthy berries on coffee branches. Observation was done on the percentage of infected berries and number of CBB infected by B. bassiana inside the berries. The results showed that spores of B. bassiana could be picked up by CBB from disseminated containers, although it was very low (2.5%). B. bassiana was not effective in suppressing CBB infestation by auto-dissemination, therefore to improve the effectiveness of B. bassiana in controlling CBB, it was advised to re-spray at least 3 times in every cropping season, especially at the flying time of CBB around 2 P.M.
Financial Feasibility Study of Arabica Coffee: A Case Study in Poetete Village, Ermera District, Timor Leste
Authors: Maia de Jesus Mateus , Aklimawat Lya , Setiawan Budi , Koestiono Djoko
Published: September 2018

Coffee is not only the main export product in Timor Leste, but also a source of income for farmer household. The importance of coffee for Timor Leste community should be developed through market oriented farm management on coffee farming. The aim of this research was to analyze financial feasibility of Arabica coffee farming at farmer level; analyze sensitivity of coffee farming toward change in coffee productivity and price; and analyze correlation between productivity with socio-economic characteristics of farmers. This research was carried out at Poetete Village, Ermera Sub-district, Ermera District, Timor Leste. Primary and secondary data were collected in this research. Respondents were selected by stratified random sampling method. Financial feasibility study on coffee farming were analyzed by using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) dan Net Benefit Cost Ratio (NBCR). Rank Spearman test was used to analyze the correlation between productivity with variable of production factors and socioeconomic characteristics of farmers. The results showed that Arabica coffee farming was financially feasible to be develop with NPV of USD 205,291,130; IRR of 17.449%; and Net B/C ratio of 2.911 at discount factor 10%. Arabica coffee farming at Poetete Village was classified less responsive toward productivity increasing at 10% and price decreasing at 10% with NPV of USD 37,367,151; IRR of 25.95%; and Net B/ C ratio of 3.862 at discount factor 1%. The correlation between productivity with land ownership (0.965), experience of farmers (0.613), age of farmers (0.663), farmers education level (0.748) and household size (0.791) were categorized as strong to very strong.
Heterosis Analysis of Leaf Stomatal Characteristics on F 1 Population of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Related to Vascular-Streak Dieback Resistance
Authors: Susilo Agung Wahyu , Ainurrachmah Aida , Anita-Sari Indah , Setyawan Bayu , Taryono Taryono
Published: September 2018

Breeding for cocoa resistance to VSD is the main goal in breeding program in Indonesia. Research for selection criteria on cocoa (Theobroma cacaoL.) resistance to vascular-streak dieback (VSD) has being carried out by exploring leaf stomatal characteristics corresponding to VSD damages. This research had objectives to select best crosses by observing the estimated value of heterosis and heterobeltiosis on F1 hybrid populations based on leaf stomata characteristics related to VSD resistance. Trial was established at Kaliwining Experimental Station of Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI) in a VSD endemic area. Treatments consisted of 5 F1 hybrid populations generated by biparental crosses of TSH 858(S) x Sulawesi 1 (R), TSH 858 (S) x KEE 2 (R), TSH 858 (S) x Sulawesi 3 (R), Sca 6 (R) x KW 264 (S) and KW 617 (R) x KW 264 (S). Each cross consisted of 100-300 genotypes planted in high planting density of 0.5 m x 0.5 m. Theresistance was evaluated by scoring the plant damage in the scale of 0-3 at three years after planting. Stomata characteristics were assessed microscopically based on the variables of density, length, width and diameter of stomata and width of opening stomata. Analysis of correlation indicated that most of stomatal charac-teristicssignificantly correlated to VSD damage but the width of opening stomata performedthe highest coefficient of correlation (r = 0.49) and contributed to VSD damage (0.45). Meanwhile, path analysis indicated higher value of the char-acteristics performed less resistance of the tested hybrids, KW 617 x KW 264 showed lower value of heterosis and heterobeltiosis for the characteristics which of the best crosses for generating VSD-resistant genotype.
Embryo Germination Development of Coffea arabica L.at Various Media Composition, Subcultures Stages and Embryo Size
Authors: Arimarsetiowati Rina
Published: September 2018

Most reliable and efficient protocol for  Coffea arabica  L. of Sigararutang variety plant regeneration was established using embryoid as an early explant from the induction of embryogenic callus phase. A completely randomized designs with 5 replications was designed to accomplish 20 protocols of embryo germina-tion methods with different steps of subculture, size of embryo and germination medium. The embryogenic calluses from the flush leave explant were induced embryoid on a half-strength MS  medium fortified with a half-strength combina-tion vitamin of 1.8 mg/L nicotinic acid, 10.1 mg/L thiamin HCl and 3.1 mg/L pyri-doxine, 50 mg/L myo inositol, 33 mg/L L.cistein, 1 mg/L Kinetin, 0.1 mg/L NAA, 20 gr/L sucrose, 2.4 gr/L gelrite and pH 5.5.The result showed that Protocol 17 was the most effective, with 59,2% of rooted cotyledons, 4.04 cm of length of roots, 1.68 cm of length of hypocotyl, 20.8% of opened cotyledons and 100% of cotyledonary embryo at the end of 8 weeks which used the B medium, large embryos and twice phase of subculture from liquid medium to solid medium. The Protocol 17 is stable protocol from low to high value. Protocol 8 is the steady protocol from high to low value. Protocols 17 and 8 are the highest and lowest ranking, respectively, for each parameter. Protocol 17 is the most suitable for the germination embryo somatic.
Diversity of Pods and Beans of Twelve Cocoa Clones (Theobroma cacao L.) in Rainy and Dry Seasons
Authors: Wuriandani Adinda , Wahyu Susilo Agung , Mitrowiardjo Suyadi , Setyawan Bayu , Anita Sari Indah
Published: September 2018

Cocoa is a sensitive plant to availability of soil water. The availability of water affects the formation of cocoa pods and beans. The aim of this research was to determine the genetic diversity and the influence of season on the diversity of cocoa beans quality as well as determining the pattern of genotype and season interaction on the quality of physical physiology of cacao beans. The research was conducted in Kaliwining Experimental Station, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember during dry season (2015) and rainy season (2016). This study used a complete randomized block design 2 x 12 factorial and three replicates as blocks. The first factor was the season consisting of two levels namely, dry season and rainy season. The second factor was cocoa clones, TSH 858, KW 084, KEE 2, Sulawesi 1, Sulawesi 2, BAL 209, KW 215, JTC 5A, JTC 5B, KC 2, KKM 22,and KJ 2. Observation variables included pod diameter, pod length, pod weight, dry bean weight, number of good beans/pod, number of empty beans/pod, numberof beans, and number of pods/tree/season. Data was analyzed using ANOVA fixedfactor. The bean dry weight characteristics possesed a low genetic diversity (0.27%) whereas the physical quality character of other beans, i.e bean count had moderategenetic diversity (14.20%). Meanwhile, the real difference was shown on the dry weight of bean characteristics. The best dry bean weight was observed during the dry season. Clones KW 215 and Sulawesi 1 in the dry season was catego-rized in grade A, while the lowest quality JTC 5A with grade D. The interaction of genotype (clone) with the environment (season) resulted in a significant effect onpod diameter character, pod weight, bean count, dry bean weight, and numberof pods/tree. Based on the biplot AMMI graph it was known that the TSH 858 clone showed genetic stability in bean count character. As for the character ofthe number of pods/tree, clones KKM 22, BAL 209, and KW 084 had the stability of the number of pods in rainy and dry seasons. Clones KJ 2 and Sulawesi 2 showed season-specific in the dry season for the number of pods/tree characters.
Determining Optimum Point of Robusta Coffee Bean Roasting Process for Taste Consistency
Authors: Dharmawan Andi , Cahyo Firstyoryza , Widyotomo Sukrisno
Published: September 2018

Roasting is an important coffee bean processing that affect quality and flavor consistency. Roasting parameters are summarized in the roasting profile which describe density, water content, pH, yield, taste, time and temperature as well as roasting technique of the beans. Roasting profile which is important for roaster master varies according to coffee bean types, such as Arabica and Robusta collected from specific area. Therefore, this paper studiedthe process of roasting Robusta coffee beans collected from Sumber Asin, Malang with normal roast technique using roaster machine in order to get taste consistency with determining optimum point from these parameters. During roasting process, temperature changes were recorded every two minutes for 20 minutes after temperature reached 180 OC. Density, moisture content, yield, pH, and flavor were assessed after roasting. The normal roasting technique required optimum roasting time of 9-10 minutes at 180 ± 5 OC, density value of 0.49 ± 0.04 gram/ml, water content of 3.5 ± 1.3%, losses 9.7 ± 1.9%, pH 5.3 ± 0.2, with chocolaty, spicy, and thick body flavors. There was strong correlation between Robusta roasting profile with all parameters measured. The optimal Robusta roasting time could be determined from intersec-tion  line between temperature and density in the roasting profile. Robusta optimum roasting time is about 10 minutes. The roaster master could use optimum roasting time in accordance to roasting quality.
Review of The Slow Professor: Challenging the Culture of Speed in the Academy
Authors: Conces Rory J.
Published: September 2018

Rory J. Conces reviews The Slow Professor: Challenging the Culture of Speed in the Academy. Maggie Berg and Barbara K. Seeber, with a new Foreword by Stefan Collini. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2017, ISBN: 978-1-4875-2185-1.
Akulturasi Budaya pada Upacara Perkawinan Masyarakat Jawa di Desa Perlis Kecamatan Brandan Barat
Authors: Nurjannah Nurjannah , Ayu Arti Galuh
Published: September 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akulturasi budaya Jawa dan Melayu Perlis dalam proses perkawinan masyarakat Jawa di Desa Perlis Kecamatan Brandan Barat pada umumnya. Untuk memperoleh data tersebut penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan narasumber tokoh-tokoh masyarakat dan adat. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik: observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Desa Perlis terbentuk karena adanya migrasi dari Perlis Malaysia yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kehidupan yang lebih baik. Desa Perlis juga menjadi tujuan migrasi oleh kelompok etnis Jawa dari Pulau Jawa yang kemudian terjadi interaksi yang mengakibatkan kontak budaya yaitu Akulturasi. Akulturasi ini terlihat pada proses perkawinan pada masyarakat Jawa yang telah mengadopsi budaya Melayu Perlis. Corak akulturasi pada proses perkawinan masyarakat Jawa di Desa Perlis terlihat pada malam sebelum prosesi inti dilakukan yaitu pada saat malam berinai dan bersanding satu. Proses tersebut tidak dilakukan oleh masyarakt Jawa yang tinggal di Kecamatan Brandan Barat ataupun yang tinggal di Pulau Jawa. Akulturasi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu adanya migrasi, interaksi, adaptasi dan perkawinan campuran. Kata Kunci: Akulturasi Budaya; Masyarakat Jawa; Upacara Perkawian.