bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved Active Disturbance Rejection-Based Decentralized Control for MIMO Nonlinear Systems: Comparison with The Decoupled Control Scheme
Authors: Abdul-Adheem Wameedh Riyadh , Ibraheem Ibraheem Kasim , Azar Ahmad Taher , Humaidi Amjad J.
Published: April 2020

A decentralized control scheme is developed in this paper based on an improved active disturbance rejection control (IADRC) for output tracking of square Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) nonlinear systems and compared with the decoupled control scheme. These nonlinear MIMO systems were subjected to exogenous disturbances and composed of high couplings between subsystems, input couplings, and uncertain elements. In the decentralized control scheme, it was assumed that the input couplings and subsystem couplings were both parts of the generalized disturbance. Moreover, the generalized disturbance included other components, such as exogenous disturbances and system uncertainties, and it was estimated within the context of Active Disturbance rejection Control (ADRC) via a novel nonlinear higher order extended state observer (NHOESO) from the measured output and canceled from the input channel in a real-time fashion. Then, based on the designed NHOESO, a separate feedback control law was developed for each subsystem to achieve accurate output tracking for given reference input. With the proposed decentralized control scheme, the square MIMO nonlinear system was converted into approximately separate linear time invariant Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) subsystems. Numerical simulations in a MATLAB environment showed the effectiveness of the proposed technique, where it was applied on a hypothetical MIMO nonlinear system with strong couplings and vast uncertainties. The proposed decentralized control scheme reduced the total control signal energy by 20.8% as compared to the decoupled control scheme using Conventional ADRC (CADRC), while the reduction was 27.18% using the IADRC.
Practical Control of a Cold Milling Machine using an Adaptive PID Controller
Authors: Meng Fanwei , Hu Yongbiao , Ma Pengyu , Zhang Xuping , Li Zhixiong
Published: April 2020

This paper presents a supervised Hebb learning single neuron adaptive proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for the power control of a cold milling machine. The proposed controller aims to overcome the deficiency of the current power control algorithm, and to achieve as high an output power as possible for the cold milling machine. The control process and system model are established and presented to provide the insight and guidance to the controller design and analysis. The adaptive PID controller is developed using a supervised Hebb learning single neuron method with detailed algorithm and structure analysis. The field test is performed to validate the proposed single neuron adaptive PID control for the power control. In the test, the 8 cm-depth milling is conducted on a cement concrete pavement in which the cement is not well-distributed. The test results show that when the machine speed is adjusted by the machine itself or manually without the adaptive power control system, the machine is often overloaded or underloaded, and the average work speed is 2.4m/min. However, when the adaptive control system is implemented on the machine, it works very close to its rated work condition during its work process. With the developed controller, the machine work speed is adjusted in time to the load variation and uncertain dynamics. The average machine work speed can reach up to 2.766 m/min, which is 15.25% higher than the wok speed of the machine without an adaptive power control system.
Update on the Pathomechanism, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Lin Yen-Ju , Anzaghe Martina , Schülke Stefan
Published: April 2020

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple joints bilaterally. It is characterized by an inflammation of the tendon (tenosynovitis) resulting in both cartilage destruction and bone erosion. While until the 1990s RA frequently resulted in disability, inability to work, and increased mortality, newer treatment options have made RA a manageable disease. Here, great progress has been made in the development of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) which target inflammation and thereby prevent further joint damage. The available DMARDs are subdivided into (1) conventional synthetic DMARDs (methotrexate, hydrochloroquine, and sulfadiazine), (2) targeted synthetic DMARDs (pan-JAK- and JAK1/2-inhibitors), and (3) biologic DMARDs (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors, TNF-receptor (R) inhibitors, IL-6 inhibitors, IL-6R inhibitors, B cell depleting antibodies, and inhibitors of co-stimulatory molecules). While DMARDs have repeatedly demonstrated the potential to greatly improve disease symptoms and prevent disease progression in RA patients, they are associated with considerable side-effects and high financial costs. This review summarizes our current understanding of the underlying pathomechanism, diagnosis of RA, as well as the mode of action, clinical benefits, and side-effects of the currently available DMARDs.
Analysis of Gene Expression of miRNA-106b-5p and TRAIL in the Apoptosis Pathway in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Pereira Jéssica , Santos Mônica , Delabio Roger , Barbosa Mônica , Smith Marília , Payão Spencer , Rasmussen Lucas
Published: April 2020

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the main causes of gastric gancer. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a protein able to promote apoptosis in cancer cells, however not in gastric cancer, which presents resistance to apoptosis via TRAIL. It is believed that MicroRNA-106b-5p might be involved in this resistance, although its role in Gastric Cancer is unclear. We aimed to determine the expression of microRNA-106b-5p and TRAIL in patients with gastric diseases, infected by H. pylori, and understand the relationship between these genes and their role in apoptosis and the gastric cancer pathways. H. pylori was detected by PCR, gene expression analysis was performed by real-time-qPCR, and bioinformatics analysis was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Cytoscape software. A total of 244 patients were divided into groups (Control, Gastritis, and Cancer); H. pylori was detected in 42.2% of the samples. The cancer group had a poor expression of TRAIL (p < 0.0001) and overexpression of microRNA-106b-5p (p = 0.0005), however, our results confirmed that these genes are not directly related to each other although both are apoptosis-related regulators. Our results also indicated that H. pylori decreases microRNA-106b-5p expression and that this is a carcinogenic bacterium responsible for gastric diseases.
Preclinical Models: Boosting Synergies for Improved Translation
Authors: Attanasio Chiara , Sangiovanni Mara
Published: April 2020

The field of preclinical models is a very vast arena, in which finding connections among groups acting in apparently very distant research areas can sometimes prove challenging [...]
Inflammatory Factors: Nonobese Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Huang Yu-Shu , Chin Wei-Chih , Guilleminault Christian , Chu Kuo-Chung , Lin Cheng-Hui , Li Hsueh-Yu
Published: April 2020

Background: Inflammation is often considered relating to pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We conducted a study investigating cytokines, including Il-17 and Il-23, in children with OSA before and after adenotonsillectomy (T&A), compared with controls. Methods: Children with OSA between age 4 and 12 receiving T&A were prospectively followed. Evaluation before and reevaluation six months after the treatment were done, including polysomnography (PSG), blood tests, and questionnaires. Blood samples were obtained to determine the values of high-sensitivity-C-reactive-protein (HS-CRP); tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-α); and interleukin (IL)-1, 6, 10, 12, 17, and 23. We compared the results with an age-matched control group. Results: We included 55 OSA children and 32 controls. Children with OSA presented significant improvement after T&A in complaints, signs, apnea hypopnea index (AHI) (p < 0.001), mean oxygen desaturation index (p < 0.001), and mean oxygen saturation (p = 0.010). Upon entering this study, children with OSA had significantly higher cytokine levels than the controls and significant changes in HS-CRP (p = 0.013), TNF-α (p = 0.057), IL-1β (p = 0.022), IL-10 (p = 0.035), and IL-17 (p = 0.010) after T&A. Children with improved but persistently abnormal AHI did not have all cytokine levels normalized, particularly IL-23 and HS-CRP. Conclusion: Sleep-disordered breathing can persist after T&A and can continue to have a negative inflammatory effect. HS-CRP and IL-23 may serve as blood markers for the persistence of sleep-disordered breathing after T&A.
Dynamic Trends of Fine Particulate Matter Exposure across 190 Countries: Analysis and Key Insights
Authors: Chang Yu Sang , You Byong-Jin , Kim Hann Earl
Published: April 2020

Despite the fact that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) causes serious health issues, few studies have investigated the level and annual rate of PM2.5 change across a large number of countries. For a better understanding of the global trend of PM2.5, this study classified 190 countries into groups showing different trends of PM2.5 change during the 2000–2014 period by estimating the progress ratio (PR) from the experience curve (EC), with PM2.5 exposure (PME)–the population-weighted average annual concentration of PM2.5 to which a person is exposed—as the dependent variable and the cumulative energy consumption as the independent variable. The results showed a wide variation of PRs across countries: While the average PR for 190 countries was 96.5%, indicating only a moderate decreasing PME trend of 3.5% for each doubling of the cumulative energy consumption, a majority of 118 countries experienced a decreasing trend of PME with an average PR of 88.1%, and the remaining 72 countries displayed an increasing trend with an average PR of 110.4%. When two different types of EC, classical and kinked, were applied, the chances of possible improvement in the future PME could be suggested in the descending order as follows: (1) the 60 countries with an increasing classical slope; (2) the 12 countries with an increasing kinked slope; (3) the 75 countries with a decreasing classical slope; and (4) the 43 countries with a decreasing kinked slope. The reason is that both increasing classical and kinked slopes are more likely to be replaced by decreasing kinked slopes, while decreasing classical and kinked slopes are less likely to change in the future. Population size seems to play a role: A majority of 52%, or 38 out of the 72 countries with an increasing slope, had a population size of bigger than 10 million inhabitants. Many of these countries came from SSA, EAP, and LAC regions. By identifying different patterns of past trends based on the analysis of PME for individual countries, this study suggests a possible change of the future slope for different groups of countries.
Students’ Worksheet for Distance Learning Based on Scientific Literacy in the Topic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Ilmiyah Surotul , Setiawan Adib Rifqi
Published: April 2020

This research aims to design and implement primary student worksheets that can trace scientific literacy through distance learning in the topic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The approach used is mixed method sequential exploratory model involving 35 primary students who take the distance learning due COVID-19 as a sample. The research instrument uses primary student worksheets designed based on the core stage of the scientific approach and scientific literacy’s indicator, that have been reviewed and judged by experts. The implementation shows that the student's scientific literacy has not been trained optimally, alhtough this design could be responded to by students during learning.
O Lazer e a Atuação de Estudantes como Educadores Universitários no Programa Escola da Família
Authors: Alves Cáthia , Baptista Maria Manuel , Isayama Hélder Ferreira
Published: April 2020

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender os conhecimentos e discursos disseminados sobre lazer por meio da ação dos educadores universitários e descrever os modos de ser desses sujeitos. Como estratégia de investigação, foram utilizadas a revisão bibliográfica e a imersão no campo, que teve como instrumento para coleta de dados a observação e entrevistas com doze educadores universitários. Para tratamento dos dados, recorremos à análise de discurso foucaultiana. Quanto aos educadores universitários, os discursos demonstram preocupação em manter a bolsa de estudos e oferecer segurança às crianças e adolescentes que frequentam o espaço da escola. Ao atuar no PEF, os educadores aprendem aspectos pessoais, relacionados à autonomia, empatia e respeito às diferenças; e aspectos profissionais, referentes a regras, gestão de tempo, pessoas e recursos.
O Mar e o Risco
Authors: Soares Leys Eduardo dos Santos , Gomes-da-Silva Pierre Normando
Published: April 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo responder a seguinte questão-problema: qual a produção de sentidos da movimentação dos jogadores em jogos praticados no mar? A partir da semiótica foram analisados os efeitos sígnicos dos jogos mais praticados nas praias urbanas da grande João Pessoa, Paraíba. Foram três meses de visitas a estas praias, num total de 40 horas de observações. A partir da análise dos dados foi possível compreender que os jogadores utilizam de tarefas motoras abertas para se adaptarem as situações desafiadoras, decorrentes da instabilidade do ambiente, bem como para experimentar sensações prazerosas. Assim concluímos que os significados do movimento humano na natureza estão diretamente relacionados com a capacidade adaptativa e a busca por prazer.
Rio 2016 Olympic Games and the Social Impacts of Megaevents
Authors: Robinson Tomeka Michelle , Silva Cinthia Lopes da , Garnett Rachel , Patreza Nathalia Sara
Published: April 2020

The objective of this work is to analyze the expected positive and negative impacts of the 2016 Olympic Games from the perspective of public policy managers of sports and leisure within Brazil. Previous research demonstrates that sports megaevents generate both positive and negative impacts for every host country and it is essential that the host nations use research to base the construction of their public policies within sports and leisure in order to minimize the negative aspects and amplify the positive ones. For this study, field and bibliographic was conducted. The field research was conducted via semistructured interviews with public policy managers of sports and leisure. Our findings indicated that in order to be effective, there needs to be adequate management and public policies that enable the population to practice sports and it can minimize the negative social impacts of 2016 Olympic Games.
Desempeño del APACHE II y el SAPS 3: Adaptación regional en una población de pacientes críticos de Colombia
Authors: Giraldo Nelson , Toro Juan Manuel , Cadavid Carlos , Zapata Felipe , Jaimes Fabián
Published: April 2020

El puntaje fisiológico agudo simplificado, SAPS 3 (del inglés Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3) ha sido recientemente desarrollado con muestras de los cinco continentes, pero no ha sido validado en pacientes de las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) en Colombia. En este trabajo se comparó el desempeño del SAPS 3 con el APACHE II en pacientes colombianos de UCI.

Métodos: en una población de una cohorte histórica de pacientes críticos admitidos a una UCI de un hospital universitario, entre enero 1º de 2006 a junio 30 de 2011, se midió el desempeño de los modelos de mortalidad. La probabilidad de muerte hospitalaria fue calculada con el APACHE II y el SAPS 3. Para mejorar la exactitud de los modelos fue realizada una adaptación de primer orden usandola regresión logística del puntaje original para el APACHE II, y para el SAPS 3 se hizo el cálculo de la probabilidad de muerte con las fórmulas para Europa oriental, Centro-Suramérica y Australasia.

Resultados: el estudio incluye 2523 pacientes. La mortalidad hospitalaria fue 27%. La discriminación fue aceptable para todos los modelos, más baja para el APACHE II que mejora con la adaptación de 0.74 a 0.78. Para todas las formas de SAPS 3 el área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0.78. La calibración, medida con el estadístico de Hosmer-Lemeshow, fue pobre para el APACHE II, APACHE II adaptado,SAPS 3 adaptado para Centro-Suramérica, y Europa oriental, pero fue buena para el SAPS 3 global y el adaptado para Australasia.

Conclusión: en una población de pacientes críticos colombianos, la adaptación logra mejorar la discriminación del APACHE II pero no su calibración. La calibración es adecuada sólo para el SAPS 3 global y el adaptado para Australasia.
KUALITAS DIET, STATUS GIZI DAN STATUS ANEMIA WANITA PRAKONSEPSI ANTARA DESA DAN KOTA
Authors: Fariski Cindy , Dieny Fillah Fithra , Wijayanti Hartanti Sandi
Published: April 2020

The health status during the preconception period was important to prepare pregnancy. Living patterns that can affect diet quality and nutritional status. This study aimed to analyze the differences in diet quality, nutritional status, and anemia between preconception women in rural and urban areas. This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design that consisted of 68 brides aged 16-35 years selected by consecutive sampling. Diet quality was obtained by diet quality index international (DQI-I) form. Nutritional status based on body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Hemoglobin levels were measured by the cyanmethemoglobin method. Data were analyzed by Independent T-test and Mann Whitney. Subjects in rural and urban areas had low diet quality. The score of variation in the type of protein intake, total fat, and saturated fat was higher in rural areas than urban areas (p=0,001; p=0,013; p=0,002). The mean BMI and MUAC were higher in urban subjects than rural subjects but the hemoglobin levels of rural subjects were higher than urban subjects. The subjects of anemia in urban was 23,5 percent were higher than rural was 14,7 percent but the risk of chronic energy deficiency in rural was 55,9% were higher than urban was 11,8 percent. There were no differences in diet quality and hemoglobin levels between preconception women in rural and urban areas (p=0,990; p=0,116). There were a differences in BMI and MUAC (p=0,026; p=<0,001). There were differences in nutritional status based on BMI and MUAC in both areas. There were no differences in diet quality and hemoglobin levels in rural and urban areas
Pelatihan dan pendampingan pengolahan sampah organik menjadi pupuk kompos di desa burai
Authors: Cundari Lia , Arita Susila , Komariah Leily Nurul , Agustina Tuty Emilia , Bahrin David
Published: April 2020

Sampah merupakan material sisa dari suatu proses yang memiliki dampak bahaya untuk lingkungan dan kesehatan. Solusi dari dampak tersebut adalah penanggulangan sampah dengan perancangan dan pembuatan alat, serta pelatihan dan pendampingan yang berhubungan dengan pengolahan sampah. Kegiatan ini merupakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat bagi warga Desa Burai, Kecamatan Tanjung Batu, Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, Sumatera Selatan dimana sampah organik diubah menjadi pupuk kompos. Proses pembuatan pupuk kompos dilakukan dengan 3 tipe yaitu, kompos celup, kompos padat-cair, dan kompos padat. Kapasitas sampah organik yang diolah sebanyak 8 kg dan proses berlangsung selama 20-40 hari. Kompos cair yang dihasilkan dari proses celup sebanyak 4,5 Liter. Untuk komposter padat-cair telah dihasilkan kompos cair sebanyak 1,8 liter, kompos padatnya sebanyak 2,1 kg. Untuk komposter padat, dihasilkan kompos padat sebanyak 2,6 kg. Tingkat pengetahuan warga terhadap pengelolaan sampah secara umum masih relatif kecil, secara rata-rata hanya 48%. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan warga yang tingkat dasar (SD) mencapai 48%. Untuk pengalaman warga dalam mengelola sampah sudah cukup baik, yaitu sebanyak 53%. Persepsi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga sudah baik, yaitu sebanyak 71% menyatakan setuju atas upaya pengelolaan sampah. Dengan tingkat persepsi yang tinggi tersebut tidak mendorong tingginya tingkat partisipasi warga terhadap pengelolaan sampah. Sebanyak 41-57% warga tidak pernah berpartisipasi baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga.
Karl Marx:
Authors: Malagodi Edgard
Published: April 2020

Sem resumo.
Air vs rail competition towards the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway project in China
Authors: Mao Junjie
Published: April 2020

China’s railway has launched an ambitious speed-up program, the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway project, which challenges the civil aviation industry aggressively. This paper studies the current air-rail competition pattern considering passenger throughput, transport time, ticket fare and economic growth, and furthermore, uses the Logit Model to forecast the future competition situation between civil aviation and railway along the Beijing-Shanghai High-speed Railway areas. The study also offers proposals for civil aviation industry towards the challenges of the new railway project.
Examining the Relationship between Firm Resources and Firm Performance: An Insight into the Airline Industry
Authors: Syrigos Evangelos , Kyrgidou Lida
Published: April 2020

Several scholars have pointed to the benefits that can be acquired by the combination of strategic and entrepreneurial activities with the aim of creating wealth and increased performance outcomes (e.g. Ireland et al., 2003; Sirmon et al., 2007; Monsen and Boss, 2009). In this vein, we employ the Resource-Based View (RBV) of the firm and examine whether the balanced implementation of both opportunity and advantage-seeking activities enhances the relationship between a firm’s resources and its performance outcomes. Using panel data from the airline industry, our findings reveal important implications for business success and for future research directions.
The Impact of Deregulation and Liberalization in the Nigerian Air Transport Industry: An Overview
Authors: Olufemi Oluwakoya Adeniyi
Published: April 2020

The effect of globalization is fast showing its attendant effects on the Nigerian aviation industry leading to an increase in passengers’ traffic movement in Nigeria’s airports. More importantly, there seems to be a paradigm shift which affects ownership and administration of operation in the Nigerian aviation industry. This study examines among others the impact of deregulation and liberalization in the Nigerian air transport industry; the effects of the latter on operation and control changes that affect operational efficiency in the airline business; and the impacts of liberalization on attracting foreign direct investment and foreign airline participation in the Nigerian aviation industry. The methodology used for this study is documentary research, which entails search of existing published and unpublished documents and databases of stakeholders in the Nigerian aviation industry and external sources with affinity to the sector. The results of this study reveal that an unprecedented growth has been recorded in Nigeria. It includes among others: healthy competition needed for growth and development; increased participation in the industry by foreign airlines; increased foreign direct investment in the airline business and airport infrastructure development.
PEAK-LOAD PRICING AND AIRLINE REACTIONS AT EUROPEAN AIRPORTS
Authors: Evangelinos Christos , Stangl Jacqueline , Obermeyer Andy
Published: April 2020

Conventional wisdom in the economics of pricing holds that peak-load pricing can enhance welfare in cases where demand peaks are clearly identifiable and highly predictable. However, this pricing tool has not found acceptance among airlines in the past. In the very few cases in which peak-load pricing has been introduced, regulators have faced strong opposition from airlines. Recent research has focused on whether airlines could pass the additional costs associated with peak-load pricing on to passengers. Expanding on this work, this paper assesses how peak-load pricing would impact airline costs and forecasts howairlines would react to the implementation of a peak-load pricing regime. We use a simultaneous autoregressive model to predict airline pricing reactions. Our findings indicate that for certain routes, airlines would subsidize revenue decreases in off-peak times with price increases during peak times. This finding corroborates the perception held by airlines that a peak-load pricing regime would encourage new competitors to enter the market at off-peak times.
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION FROM PUBLIC SERVICE OBLIGATION (PSO) ROUTES: THESSALONIKI AS A CASE STUDY
Authors: Papatheodorou Andreas , Koura Foteini
Published: April 2020

Ten years after the implementation of the Public Service Obligations (PSO) scheme in Greece, the mechanism has not led to the desired results. Among others, the state has imposed PSOs onto a number of routes that are either of questionable social value or which could prove financially self-sustainable without the need for a PSO after appropriate consultation with key stakeholders. In this context, and given the dearth of resources during a period of severe economic recession, it is necessary for the government to reconsider the structure of the PSO programme and adjust it to the new reality in Greece. In fact, as a first step towards this direction, the present paper seeks to gather all necessary information using the tools of marketing research, to study customer satisfaction and fulfilment of passenger needs on the PSO routes from/to Thessaloniki, the second largest city in Greece. Based on the results of primary data research, the paper aims at contributing to the effective communication of the value of the PSO routes to the passengers and set the fundamentals for a subsequent undertaking of a full marketing plan on how to render such routes financially viable.
KAJIAN BIBLIKAL SPIRITUALITAS HAMBA TUHAN BERDASARKAN 2 TIMOTIUS 2:1-13
Authors: Dilla Minggus
Published: April 2020

Spirituality is an integral part of human life. Spirituality influences the attitude of the heart and human thought patterns. Many problems occur in human life and it starts from the problem of spirituality. Thus learning about spirituality is needed. There are many methods offered by religions in the world to form spirituality. In the Christian faith the Bible is the basis for building spirituality. In Paul's Letter to Timothy gives important teachings about spirituality. Therefore, to provide insight into spirituality, this article will write about the Biblical Study of the spirituality of God's servants based on 2 Timothy 2: 1-13.
PRINSIP INTEGRITAS BERDASARKAN INJIL MATIUS 5:17-48 DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA BAGI PELAYAN TUHAN MASAKINI
Authors: Gulo Manase
Published: April 2020

Study of Integrity is a very important word, understood and owned by God's servants in the ministry. Today there are many servants of the Lord who carry out the ministry for mere words, but what has been said is not in accordance with daily behavior. As servants of God must have integrity, but in reality today there are still many servants of God who do not yet have integrity. For example, negating some of God's teachings, not living right before God, swearing false (not honest), and not loving the enemy. Therefore it is very important for every servant of God to have integrity. So in this discussion the writer will explain about the integrity of God's servants in service based on Matthew 5: 17-48, which aims to open the understanding of each servant of God about the attitude that must be held by every servant of God in carrying out their ministry.
KAJIAN TEOLOGIS UNGKAPAN ”CELAKALAH AKU JIKA AKU TIDAK MEMBERITAKAN INJIL” DALAM 1 KORINTUS 9:16B
Authors: Pranoto David Susilo
Published: April 2020

Individualism increasingly affects human life. This makes people busy with their respective activities. Facing such conditions, how is the urgency of evangelism today. Therefore to answer that principle, we need to understand Paul's expression which is: "woe to me if I do not preach the gospel". Through this article can help believers realize their role in the world today.
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PERTUMBUHAN SPIRITUALITAS ANAK: SEBUAH STUDI EKSEGETIS EFESUS 6:1-4
Authors: Waharman Waharman
Published: April 2020

The role of parents for their children in spiritual growth is very important, and starting from an early age, teaching for children's spiritual growth is not only given to the church, or during Sunday school services but the most important and most important is the role of parents in the family for her children. If noted, there are still many parents who do not realize the importance of their role as parents to educate the spiritual growth of their children. Therefore through this paper, we try to remind the important role of parents in the growth of children.
IMMORALITY: SEBUAH STUDI BIBLIKAL-SISTEMATIS
Authors: Halawa Iman Kristina
Published: April 2020

At present there are many moral deviations in human life. Moral deviations have permeated the human life, namely: in the fields of politics, economics, education, art, philosophy and the church. These deviations occur because of a lack of complete understanding of immorality. Therefore through this paper we will present phenomenologically moral deviations in several aspects of human life, then in this paper will discuss the roots of the phenomenon of moral deviance in a biblical-systematic manner. Because the author believes that the fact of immorality was present at the time of the Bible (PL & amp; NT) and the Bible also provides facts about how God responds to the events of immorality that occur. So that through this writing believers can determine attitudes toward current immorality events according to how God stands in the Bible.
American Military Doctrines of New Generation
Authors: Eichler Jan
Published: April 2020

The article is based on the neorealist theory and is aimed to the analysis of the military doctrines of the USA published between 2012 - 2018. It evaluates them as the consequence of important changes after the end of the Cold War, namely the process of the enlargement of NATO. The article explains the US doctrines as a manifestation of a reinforced military self - esteem of the USA and warns that these doctrines should lead to an increase of the military tension at the Eastern frontier of the enlarged NATO.
Ocular Complications of Sigmoid Sinus Thrombosis From L-asparaginase
Authors: Foroozan Rod
Published: April 2020

This article presents a 9-year-old boy with acute lymphocytic leukemia who developed ocular complications after beginning treatment with L-asparaginase. Ocular motor examination revealed esotropia with a right abduction deficit, consistent with a sixth nerve palsy, and funduscopy revealed bilateral optic disc edema. Thrombosis of the right sigmoid sinus was noted on magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance venography. Symptoms gradually resolved after discontinuing L-asparaginase and treatment with heparin.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
2005;42:117–119.
Recent Developments of Fireworks Algorithms
Authors: Tan Ying
Published: April 2020

Fireworks Algorithm has been proposed for almost 10 years. Because of its basic but profound collaborative searching manner and advantages of universal effectiveness, hundreds of scholars have conducted and published a wide range of work on it. This chapter serves as a background description of fireworks algorithms' developments by introducing its detailed status of researches and applications. Specifically, it gives a brief summarization and analysis of published researches on Fireworks Algorithms since 2010 to clarify characteristics of its historical progress and future trend in detailed fields like algorithms improvements, theoretical analysis, and practical applications.
An improved Dynamic Search Fireworks Algorithm Optimizes Extreme Learning Machine to Predict Virtual Machine Fault
Authors: Han Shoufei , Zhu Kun
Published: April 2020

The Dynamic Search Fireworks Algorithm (dynFWA) is an effective algorithm for solving optimization problems. However, dynFWA is easy to fall into local optimal solutions prematurely and it also provides a slow convergence rate. To address these problems, an improved dynFWA (IdynFWA) is proposed in this chapter. In IdynFWA, the population is first initialized based on opposition-based learning. The adaptive mutation is proposed for the core firework (CF) which chooses whether to use Gaussian mutation or Levy mutation for the CF according to the mutation probability. A new selection strategy, namely disruptive selection, is proposed to maintain the diversity of the algorithm. The results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better overall performance on the standard test functions. Meanwhile, IdynFWA is used to optimize the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and a virtual machine fault warning model is proposed based on ELM optimized by IdynFWA. The results show that this model can achieve higher accuracy and better stability to some extent.
Fair Value Accounting
Authors: Sampaio Carlos A. F.
Published: April 2020

This study aims to analyse the present state of fair value accounting research. A search on the Web of Science database was conducted. Article type documents containing “fair value” and “accounting” in the title were searched, and results returned 34 documents. A systematic literature approach was used to evaluate the articles. Results indicate that the banking sector is the main source of data for fair value accounting research. On the other hand, the adoption of fair value accounting seems to produce different results according to the type of industry sample used, the temporal context of the study, financial turmoil, or the evaluated assets and liabilities.
The Cost Perspective of Password Security
Authors: Maglaras Leandros , Janicke Helge , Ferrag Mohamed Amine
Published: April 2020

This study technically analyses the maximum number of combinations for common passwords up to 12 characters long. A maximum storage size necessary for the creation of a data base that holds all possible passwords up to 12 characters is also presented along with a comparison against the publicized cost of storage from popular cloud storage providers and the national budget for intelligence and defense activities of a nation. Authors prove that it is technically possible that any password could be computed within seconds with nothing more than currently commercially available components. The study concludes that it is possible that nation states or even combined nation states working in collaboration could or already have bought private citizens' and businesses' passwords revealing that it may already be an age where the password may not be a legitimate defense for privacy anymore.
Capacity-Building in Rural Communities Through University-School Partnerships
Authors: Broemmel Amy D. , Rigell Amanda Kate , Hodge Lynn Liao
Published: April 2020

This chapter examines the impact of successful university-school partnerships on the growth and achievement of children whose families live in rural poverty in Appalachia. It describes two different university-school initiatives carried out in rural counties in East Tennessee. Part one of the chapter details the process of building a county-wide literacy team following a needs assessment by university faculty and with ongoing university support; part two details the implementation of family math and stem nights across rural counties in the region.
Dealing with Precise and Imprecise Temporal Data in Crisp Ontology
Authors: Ghorbel Fatma , Hamdi Fayçal , Métais Elisabeth
Published: April 2020

This article proposes a crisp-based approach for representing and reasoning about concepts evolving in time and of their properties in terms of qualitative relations (e.g., “before”) in addition to quantitative ones, time intervals and points. It is not only suitable to handle precise time intervals and points, but also imprecise ones. It extends the 4D-fluents approach with crisp components to represent handed data. It also extends the Allen's interval algebra. This extension allows reasoning about imprecise time intervals. Compared to related work, it is based on crisp set theory. These relations preserve many properties of the original algebra. Their definitions are adapted to allow relating a time interval and a time point, and two time points. All relations can be used for temporal reasoning by means of transitivity tables. Finally, it proposes a crisp ontology that based on the extended Allen's algebra instantiates the 4D-fluents-based representation.
A relação entre o novo relatório do auditor independente e o perfil das empresas auditadas e de auditoria
Authors: Cruz Ana Flávia Abackerli da , Nardi Paula Carolina Ciampaglia , Figueira Laís Manfiolli , Silva Ricardo Luiz Menezes da
Published: April 2020

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre o conteúdo do novo relatório de auditoria e o perfil das empresas auditadas e de auditoria. Observou-se a quantidade e quais os principais assuntos de auditoria (PAA) presentes nos relatórios das empresas brasileiras de capital aberto. Foram realizadas análises de correlação, diferença de média e regressão múltipla para o exercício de 2016. Os resultados indicaram que empresas: maiores; mais endividadas; com maiores honorários pagos às auditorias; de maior representatividade para o auditor; com maior número de subsidiárias; auditadas por Big Four; com emissão de ADR; listadas no Novo Mercado; de setores regulamentados e com presença de conselho de auditoria, apresentam maior quantidade de PAA. Relação inversa foi obtida ao considerar o tempo em que a auditoria exerce suas funções na empresa. Com relação ao tipo de PAA, não foi observada a existência de padrões definidos de características conjuntas que poderiam influenciar o conteúdo do novo relatório de auditoria, o que implica, para os usuários, que os relatórios apresentaram conteúdos condizentes com o que foi e deveria ser observado nas empresas, e não seguiram um padrão prédefinido. Constatou-se maior volume de PAA em função de uso de normas discricionárias, como o impairment, provisões, reconhecimento de receitas e tributos. Assim, os resultados indicaram que o novo relatório seguiu as particularidades de cada empresa analisada, o que sugere a confirmação esperada pela proposta do novo relatório, ou seja, aumentar os esforços para melhorar a confiabilidade da atuação da auditoria independente.
The reality of remembrance in Camperdown Memorial Rest Park
Authors: Robinson Hannah
Published: April 2020

Nestled at the back of Newtown, behind the bustling King St and amongst the Camperdown suburbia, lies Camperdown Memorial Rest Park, a frequent spot for gatherings with friends, and a beloved dog hang-out for owners and canines alike. However, not many people know of the deep cultural significance that this park holds for Aboriginal people. The strong historical importance that lies beneath the surface of the park and within the park’s closed off section are found within Camperdown Cemetery.
Constitutional Recognition: within a colonial framework
Authors: Songco Diane
Published: April 2020

Constitutional recognition of Indigenous Australians has been a longstanding national movement reflective of the international struggle of Indigenous communities within a colonial framework. The Uluru Statement from the Heart, delivered at the 2017 National Constitutional Convention, addressed to the Australian public, called for support in the creation of constitutional reforms to build on changes made in the 1967 Referendum. Glen Sean Coulthard’s Red Skin, White Masks takes a difference stance on recognition for Indigenous peoples, specifically citing First Nations peoples in North America. In understanding the goals of the Uluru Statement and the arguments raised in Red Skin, White Masks, constitutional recognition may begin to address vital problems such as the dispossession of Indigenous land and lack of inclusion in state politics, but its existence as part of the settler-colonial governance will always act as a deterrent for true decolonization.
Parâmetros genéticos e seleção inicial de procedências e progênies de taxibranco (Tachigali vulgaris) em Roraima
Authors: Cruz Sandra Lima , Pedrozo Cássia Ângela , Oliveira Vanúbia Ximendes Aragão , Silva Andressa Maria da , Resende Marcos Deon Vilela de , Gonçalves Delman De Almeida
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho teve como objetivos estimar parâmetros genéticos de procedências e progênies de polinização livre de taxi-branco e selecionar genótipos superiores quanto ao crescimento inicial em campo. O experimento foi instalado em 2015, no Campo experimental Serra da Prata, pertencente à Embrapa Roraima e localizado no Município de Mucajaí - RR. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 28 progênies provenientes de três procedências e 20 repetições, sendo cada parcela experimental constituída por uma planta. Foram avaliados aos 6, 12 e 18 meses após o plantio, a porcentagem de sobrevivência, a altura da planta (ALT) e o diâmetro do caule a 10 cm do solo (DC) ou o diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP). As análises genético-estatísticas foram realizadas por meio do procedimento REML/BLUP, com análise de deviance, obtenção das estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos e predição dos valores genéticos nas diferentes idades. A sobrevivência geral variou de 50,68% a 62,10% aos 18 e aos 6 meses, respectivamente. As únicas diferenças significativas observadas foram entre progênies, para ALT e DC, aos seis meses. Com exceção do DAP avaliado aos 18 meses, as demais estimativas de herdabilidade em nível individual no sentido restrito foram moderadas, sendo estas inferiores às estimativas da herdabilidade da média de progênies. Os ganhos com a seleção de progênies e indivíduos foram de baixos a moderados e variaram entre as idades avaliadas, sendo decrescentes com o aumento da idade das plantas.
Fatores de risco para retinopatia e hábitos de vida do grupo hiperdia do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Dexheimer Geórgia Muccillo , Scherer Débora Konzen
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: avaliar a presença de fatores de risco bem como hábitos de vida relacionados ao desenvolvimento de retinopatia em uma população diabética. Métodos: Foram entrevistados pacientes participantes do grupo Hiperdia em um posto de saúde sobre os hábitos de vida e fatores de risco para retinopatia. Resultados: Foi observada uma frequência de participação no grupo irregular, 29 participantes (93,55%) apresentaram IMC aumentado, 28 (90,3%) responderam que faziam uso de medicação para o controle da pressão arterial, 17 (54,8%) apresentaram alteração da pressão arterial. Observou-se baixo nível de escolaridade, conhecimento da patologia e comprometimento com os cuidados exigidos. Conclusão: Através do melhoramento da atenção primária e do fortalecimento do autocuidado, pode-se melhorar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e diminuir os gastos públicos.
Characterization of violence suffered by rural zone women in a Brazilian state
Authors: Dias Lineker Fernandes , Barbosa Katricia Beatriz , Oliveira Thaísa Rodrigues Nascimento de , Morais Milena Oliveira Barnabé , Vieira Thamiris De Souza , Fernandes Gustavo Cunha , Oliveira Carla Jaciara Baraúna de , Lima Caio Augusto de , Gobbo Gabriel Xavier , Costa João Vitor Rodrigues , Rosa Maria Tereza Néri , Oliveira Stefan Vilges de
Published: April 2020

A violência está presente em muitas realidades e grupos sociais. Por isso, este estudo busca caracterizar a violência contra as mulheres moradoras de zona rural de Minas Gerais. Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, com dados secundários registrados pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) de 2008 a 2017. Em 2015 foi o ano com o maior número de notificações de violência contra mulheres entre 25 e 39 anos (47,8%), negras (56,92%) e menos escolarizadas (40,43%). As vítimas foram agredidas principalmente na face (31,5%), o agressor era do sexo masculino (70,41%), e a violência foi praticada na residência da própria vítima (81%), sem o uso de arma de fogo. Além disso, 45% das mulheres relataram que a violência era recorrente e que em 39% dos casos o agressor fazia uso de álcool antes da agressão. A maioria dos casos de violência contra moradoras rurais foi psicológica e/ou moral.
Apicificação de incisivos centrais superiores usando hidróxido de cálcio: relato de caso
Authors: Londero Clacir De Lourdes Dotto , Pagliarin Claudia Medianeira Londero , Barletta Fernando Branco
Published: April 2020

Quando ocorre a necrose pulpar em dentes permanentes com ápice incompleto, há necessidade de induzir o desenvolvimento radicular com a finalidade de criar uma barreira de tecido mineralizado no terço apical facilitando posteriormente a obturação definitiva do canal radicular. Esta técnica é denominada de apicificação. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um tratamento bem sucedido de apicificação nos dentes 11 e 21 que sofreram necrose pulpar após a ocorrência de um trauma.
Influência do conceito neuroevolutivo Bobath no tônus e força muscular e atividades funcionais estáticas e dinâmica sem pacientes diparéticos espásticos após paralisia cerebral
Authors: Peres Lívia Willemann , Ruedell Aneline Maria , Diamante Cristina
Published: April 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi observar o tônus e a força muscular, juntamente com atividades funcionais estáticas e dinâmicas após tratamento por meio do Conceito Neuroevolutivo Bobath, em pacientes diparéticos espásticos devido a Paralisia Cerebral. Participaram do estudo quatro pacientes diparéticos espásticos com idade entre 6 a 8 anos, avaliados antes e após o tratamento. Avaliou-se o tônus muscular pela Escala de Ash Worth modificada e as atividades funcionais estáticas e dinâmicas e a força muscular. A pesquisa realizou-se na Clínica escola de Fisioterapia da Universidade do Oeste do Paraná, durante três meses. O tratamento constituiu-se de 25 sessões, duas vezes por semana com duração de 40 minutos. Houve uma diminuição do tônus e aumento da força muscular em grupos musculares específicos em todos os pacientes. Ainda verificou-se adequação em algumas atividades funcionais estáticas e dinâmicas. Conclui-se que o tratamento aplicado nestes pacientes proporcionou uma diminuição de tônus e aumento de força muscular, e conseqüente melhora nas atividades funcionais estáticas.
Medicamentos Anorexígenos - panorama da dispensação em farmácias comerciais de Santa Maria (RS)
Authors: Feltrin Andrieli Cassel , Zordan Graziela , Wagner Fernanda , Schmitt Gabriela Cristina , Boligon Aline Augusti , Delamolle Naiane , Athayde Margareth Linde , Vaucher Lauren Rosa Crossetti
Published: April 2020

O presente trabalho foi objetivado na obtenção de informações sobre a dispensação de medicamentos anorexígenos em farmácias comerciais de Santa Maria e a comparação com estudo anterior realizado no ano de 2002. A avaliação sobre a venda de medicamentos anorexígenos abrangeu os meses de setembro de 2006 a fevereiro de 2007, sendo visitados 13 estabelecimentos da região central do município. Foram analisadas 722 receitas, totalizando 1426 medicamentos desta classe dispensados. Os resultados mostraram que o princípio ativo mais dispensado foi o femproporex (53,09%). A especialidade médica que mais prescreveu foi os clínicos gerais com 76,45% e os maiores consumidores foram indivíduos do sexo feminino (93,35%).