bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Εκδοχές της Κίνησης στο Θέατρο: Κυνηγώντας την Κίνηση στις Ασταμάτητες Διαδρομές της
Authors: Γαλάντης Γιώργος
Published: January 2017

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Κάτω από τον Ίσκιο του Λόγου του Δημιουργού: Ο Δωδεκάλογος του Γύφτου, ο Δελφικός Λόγος, ο Ερωτικός Λόγος και ένας Διάλογος με τον Gérard de Nerval
Authors: Φιλοκύπρου Έλλη
Published: January 2017

[Δε διατίθεται περίληψη]
Παπαδιαμάντης, Maupassant και Τσέχοφ: Από τη Σκιάθο στην Ευρώπη
Authors: Πολίτου-Μαρμαρινού Ελένη
Published: January 2017

[Δε διατίθεται περίληψη]
Ξένη Λογοτεχνία στην Κύπρο (1880-1930) : Μια Γενική Επισκόπηση
Authors: Παπαλεοντίου Λευτέρης
Published: January 2017

[Δε διατίθεται περίληψη]
Women in the looking-glass; the philogynous Dapontes (1713-1784) within the misogynous tradition of the Middle Ages
Authors: Kaplanis Tassos A.
Published: January 2017

Ο Καισάριος Δαπόντες υπήρξε η σημαντικότερη ελληνική ποιητική μορφή του 18ου αιώνα. Το έργο του, που αγαπήθηκε ιδιαίτερα στην εποχή του, είναι σήμερα παραμελημένο· σύγχρονες κριτικές εκδόσεις, κατά κανόνα, δεν έχει γνωρίσει, ενώ ποικίλα προβλήματα της δαποντικής εργοβιογραφίας παραμένουν ανερεύνητα και ανεπίλυτα. Το άρθρο συνοψίζει τα πορίσματα της μέχρι τούδε έρευνας για το δημιουργό και εστιάζει την προσοχή του στον Καθρέπτη Γυναικών (Λιψία, 1766). Το έργο εξετάζεται στο γενολογικό πλαίσιο του ομώνυμου και ανθηρού στον όψιμο Μεσαίωνα λογοτεχνικού είδους, καθώς και σε σχέση με τη λογοτροπική παράμετρο του μισογυνισμού. Συζητείται η εικόνα της γυναίκας έτσι όπως αναδεικνύεται μέσα από τον Καθρέπτη, καθώς και η θέση του έργου μέσα στην προηγούμενη λογοτεχνική παράδοση. Για άλλη μία φορά επιβεβαιώνεται ότι ο Δαπόντες είναι «άνθρωπος-γέφυρα»: παρά τις πολλαπλές οφειλές του στη μεσαιωνική παράδοση, πάνω στην οποία βασίζεται, καταφέρνει πάντα να απομακρύνεται από αυτήν ή, καλύτερα, να την ανανεώνει, κομίζοντας παράλληλα το νέο πνεύμα της εποχής του. Το άρθρο συνοδεύεται από δύο επίμετρα: στο πρώτο επιχειρείται χρονολόγηση της συγγραφής του Καθρέπτη Γυναικών και στο δεύτερο εκδίδεται η «Αφιέρωσις» και το «Προοίμιον>* του έργου, πάνω στα οποία, ελλείψει συνολικής κριτικής έκδοσης, βασίστηκε κυρίως η επιχειρηματολογία του άρθρου.
Χειρόγραφες μεταφράσεις του διαφωτισμού; η πρόσληψη των δυτικοευρωπαϊκών λογοτεχνικών ειδών
Authors: Ταμπάκη Άννα
Published: January 2017

[Δε διατίθεται περίληψη]
Analysis of the Bullwhip Effect in a Multiproduct Setting with Interdependent Demands
Authors: Raghunathan Srinivasan , Tang Christopher S. , Yue Xiaohang
Published: January 2017

The bullwhip effect has been extensively studied primarily based on the analysis of various single-product models with a few exceptions. We extend the single-product analysis to the multiproduct setting of interdependent demand streams with auto-correlation and cross-product correlation, as well as contemporaneous correlation across forecasting errors. We find that interdependency between demand streams plays a critical role in determining the existence and magnitude of the bullwhip effect. Specifically, we consider two operating environments: (a) The firm orders product-specific materials so that the ordering decision is based on the product level; and (b) the firm orders generic materials so that the order decision is based on the category level. We show that, even with demand pooling, a firm operating at the category level can experience a larger bullwhip effect and a larger order variance under certain conditions that depend on the number of products in the category and the demand dependencies.
Urna de cristal como canal digital de participación ciudadana en Colombia -Glass urn as digital channel for citizen participation in Colombia
Authors: Amaya-Rodríguez John Edickson , Gonzalez-Sanabria Juan Sebastian , Castro-Romero Alexander
Published: January 2017

En este artículo se describen se describe la normativa vigente en Colombia referente al gobierno electrónico. Asimismo, se hace referencia las diferentes herramientas utilizadas por la estrategia urna de cristal del gobierno colombiano. Asimismo, se evalúa su alcance en la ciudadanía tanto con los informes publicados por esta estrategia, así como a través de una encuesta realizada en la totalidad de los departamentos del país. Finalmente se proponen unas recomendaciones que pueden ser consideradas en el desarrollo de las actividades del canal seleccionado con el objetivo que se pueda ampliar la cobertura de dicho canal y se pueda tener un efectivo acercamiento de los ciudadanos al gobierno a través de herramientas tecnológicas.
Chemical Functionalization of Graphene Family Members
Authors: Vacchi Isabella Anna , Ménard-Moyon Cécilia , Bianco Alberto
Published: January 2017

Thanks to their outstanding physicochemical properties, graphene and its derivatives are interesting nanomaterials with a high potential in several fields. Graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide, however, differ partially in their characteristics due to their diverse surface composition. Those differences influence the chemical reactivity of these materials. In the following chapter the reactivity and main functionalization reactions performed on graphene, graphene oxide, and reduced graphene oxide are discussed. A part is also dedicated to the main analytical techniques used for characterization of these materials. Functionalization of graphene and its derivatives is highly important to modulate their characteristics and design graphene-based conjugates with novel properties. Functionalization can be covalent by forming strong and stable bonds with the graphene surface, or non-covalent via π–π, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and/or van der Waals interactions. Both types of functionalization are currently exploited.
Between Precarity and Paternalism: Farm Workers and Trade Unions in South Africa's Western Cape Province
Authors: Webb Christopher
Published: January 2017

The labour market in rural areas of South Africa’s Western Cape province has undergone considerable changes over the last thirty years. New labour and tenure legislation protecting farm workers combined with trade liberalisation, the abolition of subsidies and in-migration from other areas of South Africa has significantly reshaped labour on commercial farms. There is an increasing divide between permanent farm workers and a growing pool of precariously employed workers who labour seasonally on farms and are frequently employed through labour brokers. These divisions came to a head in 2012 when workers, many of whom work seasonally on farms, launched a strike that was to last for six months. Trade unions have struggled to organise an increasingly fragmented rural labour market and at the same time negotiate the forms of paternalism that continue to exert a strong influence over rural labour relations. Based on interviews with trade union organisers, this article examines how they have responded to the twin challenges of labour broking and paternalism. The farm strikes highlight the need for a form of social movement unionism that goes beyond wage demands and tackles the multiple factors that influence poverty in rural areas.
In Memoriam: A Tribute to Professor Sharit Bhowmik (1948-2016)
Authors: Gartenberg Indira
Published: January 2017

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Inactivation of the Prelimbic Cortex Attenuates Context-Dependent Operant Responding
Authors: Trask Sydney , Shipman Megan L. , Green John T. , Bouton Mark E.
Published: January 2017

Operant responding in rats provides an analog to voluntary behavior in humans and is used to study maladaptive behaviors, such as overeating, drug taking, or relapse. In renewal paradigms, extinguished behavior recovers when tested outside the context where extinction was learned. Inactivation of the prelimbic (PL) region of the medial prefrontal cortex by baclofen/muscimol (B/M) during testing attenuates renewal when tested in the original acquisition context after extinction in another context (ABA renewal). Two experiments tested the hypothesis that the PL is important in context-dependent responding learned during conditioning. In the first, rats learned to lever-press for a sucrose-pellet reward. Following acquisition, animals were infused with either B/M or vehicle in the PL and tested in the acquisition context (A) and in a different context (B). All rats showed a decrement in responding when switched from Context A to Context B, but PL inactivation decreased responding only in Context A. Experiment 2a examined the effects of PL inactivation on ABC renewal in the same rats. Here, following reacquisition of the response, responding was extinguished in a new context (C). Following infusions of B/M or vehicle in the PL, responding was tested in Context C and another new context (D). The rats exhibited ACD renewal regardless of PL inactivation. Experiment 2b demonstrated that PL inactivation attenuated the ABA renewal effect in the same animals, replicating earlier results and demonstrating that cannulae were still functional. The results suggest that, rather than attenuating renewal generally, PL inactivation specifically affects ABA renewal by reducing responding in the conditioning context.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTExtinguished operant behavior can recover (“renew”) when tested outside the extinction context. This suggests that behaviors, such as overeating or drug taking, might be especially prone to relapse following treatment. In rats, inactivation of the prelimbic cortex (PL) attenuates renewal. However, we report that PL inactivation after training attenuates responding in the context in which responding was acquired, but not in another one. A similar inactivation has no impact on renewal when testing occurs in a new, rather than the original, context following extinction. The PL thus has a more specific role in controlling contextually dependent operant behavior than has been previously reported.
Traditional Land Practice and Forest Conservation: Case Study of The Manggarai Tribe in Ruteng Mountains, Indonesia
Authors: Iswandono Elisa - , Zuhud Ervizal A.M. , Hikmat Agus , Kosmaryandi Nandi
Published: January 2017

Conservation of mountain forests in the tropics will be successful if the interests of local communities to be considered in the management. Indigenous system of forest management for the sustainable use is  the most appropriate for better understand to the environmental conditions. This study aimed to analyze the traditional land management by Manggarai communities and integrate them into forest conservation. This research is a qualitative ethnographic approach. Qualitative data in 2014 obtained through observation, interviews, data from relevant agencies and related literature. The results showed that the Manggarai community has been practicing traditional land management and sustainable use zoning system. Indigenous land use practice is done by considering the sustainability and preventing land degradation.
Problems, Challenges and Prospects of Indonesian Muslim Community in Sydney for Promoting Tolerance
Authors: Muttaqin Ahmad , Arifin Achmad Zainal , Wajdi Firdaus
Published: January 2017

This paper elucidates a map of Indonesian Muslim communities around Sydney in order to observe the possibility to promote a moderate and tolerance of Indonesian Islam worldwide. Indonesian Muslims who live in Australia are relatively small if we consider that we are the closer neighbor of Australia and have the biggest Muslim populations in the world. Most Indonesian Muslim communities in Sydney are in a form of kelompok pengajian (Islamic study group), which is commonly based on ethnicity, regionalism (province and regency), and religious affiliation with Indonesian Islamic groups. The main problems of Indonesian Muslim communities in Sydney are an ambiguous identity, laziness integration, and dream to home country. Most Indonesian Muslim diaspora in Sydney only consider Australia as the land for making money. Therefore, their inclusion to Australian community is just being “Indonesian Muslim in Australia” and it seems hard for them to be “Australian Muslim”, especially in the case of those who already changed to be Australian citizens. This kind of diaspora attitude differs from Muslims Diasporas from the Middle East and South Asia countries who are mostly ready to be fully Australian Muslim. Naturally, most Indonesian Muslim communities put their emphasis to develop their community based on social needs and try to avoid political idea of Islamism. In this case, the Indonesian government, through the Indonesian Consulate in Sydney, has great resources to promote moderate and tolerant views of Indonesian Islam to other Muslim communities, as well as to Western media. In optimizing resources of Indonesian Muslim communities in Sydney to envoy Indonesian cultures and policies, it is necessary for Indonesian government to have a person with integrated knowledge on Islamic Studies who are working officially under the Indonesian consulate in Sydney.  It is based on the fact that most Indonesian Muslim communities needs a patron from the government to manage and soften some differences among them, especially related to problems of identities, as well as to link them with the wider Australian communities.
The effects of liraglutide in mice with diet-induced obesity studied by metabolomics
Authors: Bugáňová Martina , Pelantová Helena , Holubová Martina , Šedivá Blanka , Maletínská Lenka , Železná Blanka , Kuneš Jaroslav , Kačer Petr , Kuzma Marek , Haluzík Martin
Published: January 2017

Liraglutide is the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, it has been demonstrated to decrease cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. Although the major modes of liraglutide action are well-known, its detailed action at the metabolic level has not been studied. To this end, we explored the effect of 2-week liraglutide treatment in C57BL/6 male mice with obesity and diabetes induced by 13 weeks of high-fat diet using NMR spectroscopy to capture the changes in urine metabolic profile induced by the therapy. The liraglutide treatment decreased body and fat pads weight along with blood glucose and triglyceride levels. NMR spectroscopy identified 11 metabolites significantly affected by liraglutide treatment as compared to high-fat diet-fed control group. These metabolites included ones involved in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism, β-oxidation of fatty acids and microbiome changes. Although majority of the metabolites changed after liraglutide treatment were similar as the ones previously identified after vildagliptin administration in a similar mouse model, the changes in creatinine, taurine and trigonelline were specific for liraglutide administration. The significance of these changes and its possible use in the personalization of antidiabetic therapy in humans requires further research.
Composición proximal en algunas especies de pescado y mariscos disponibles en el pacífico costarricense
Authors: Fonseca-Rodríguez Cristian , Chavarría-Solera Fabián
Published: January 2017

El pescado y los mariscos son alimentos de los más completos por su calidad y cantidad de nutrientes; sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre la composición química de los recursos pesqueros del pacífico costarricense. Por tal razón, el objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar el potencial nutricional de las partes comestibles (fresco) de seis especies de pescados y mariscos de consumo e importancia comercial en la zona pacífica de Costa Rica. Los análisis de la composición proximal: humedad, cenizas, extracto etéreo y proteínas se determinaron según la metodología de AOAC. Los resultados indicaron que el contenido de humedad varió entre 77,13 % en barracuda (Sphyraena ensis) y 83.12% en calamar (Lolliguncula panamensis), la ceniza entre 0,84% en calamar y 1,65% en almeja de agua dulce (Anodonta luteola), el extracto etéreo entre 1,16% para el calamar y 2,24% para la almeja de agua dulce. La almeja de agua dulce presentó el menor porcentaje de proteínas (10,73%), mientras que el lenguado (Cyclopsetla querna) el mayor porcentaje (19,86%). Los resultados permiten concluir que las especies estudiadas son una buena alternativa para el consumo humano, por su bajo contenido en grasas y por el aporte proteico.
Uso del herbicida glifosato en Costa Rica en el periodo 2007 a 2015
Authors: Ramírez-Muñoz Fernando , Bravo-Durán Virya , Herrera-Ledezma Gustavo
Published: January 2017

Costa Rica es uno de los mayores importadores y usuarios de plaguicidas a nivel centroamericano. El glifosato es el herbicida de mayor uso, tanto en el mundo como en Costa Rica. Se utiliza en la mayoría de cultivos: anuales, perennes y en zonas no agrícolas. Por medio de entrevistas a sujetos productores agrícolas se conocieron las cantidades usadas de glifosato en los principales cultivos. Las importaciones de este herbicida se iniciaron en 1982 con 36 toneladas de ingrediente activo (T i.a.), y se llegó a importar 1 761 T i.a. en 2013. Se calculó el uso ponderado de glifosato en kg i.a./ha/ciclo. Los cultivos perennes son los principales consumidores de glifosato (51,6% del total), le siguen las zonas no agrícolas (37,1%) y los cultivos anuales (10,8%), la mayoría granos como arroz, frijol y maíz. Por cultivo, la palma africana consume el 24,9% del total de glifosato usado en el país, le sigue el arroz (7,8%), café (5,4%), banano (5,2%), cítricos (4,6%) y pastos (3,7%). En cultivos como el pejibaye para palmito, se nota una dependencia de este herbicida en el manejo de malezas, lo que ha llevado a que poblaciones de malezas evolucionen en resistencia.
Selección de hábitat de Lontra longicaudis (Carnivora, Mustelidae) bajo la influencia de la represa hidroeléctrica del río Peñas Blancas y sus tributarios, Alajuela, Costa Rica
Authors: Navarro-Picado Jonathan , Spínola-Parallada Manuel , Madrigal-Mora Alexander , Fonseca-Sánchez Alicia
Published: January 2017

Los cambios producidos por actividades humanas sobre los ecosistemas acuáticos reducen y reconfiguran los hábitats disponibles. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la selección de hábitat de la nutria neotropical (Lontra longicaudis), en zonas con influencia de la represa hidroeléctrica del río Peñas Blancas y algunos de sus tributarios, con el fin de recomendar acciones para la conservación de la nutria. Se muestreó el río Peñas Blancas y tres de sus tributarios en busca de indicios de la nutria y la medición de siete variables ambientales con el fin determinar la probabilidad de ocurrencia y detectabilidad. Además, se determinó el uso de presas por parte de la nutria neotropical. Las variables ambientales mostraron que el ancho del río y la proporción de bosque fueron las variables más influyentes en la ocurrencia de la especie. El caudal de compensación del río Peñas Blancas mostró la probabilidad de ocurrencia más alta. En cuanto a la dieta de la nutria, los peces fueron la categoría de presa más frecuente en los últimos años. Los datos obtenidos indican la influencia de condiciones físicas del río sobre la ocurrencia de la nutria y la importancia de los peces como componente alimenticio.
Importancia de la deglución atípica en las maloclusiones
Authors: Jiménez Jiménez Jonatan
Published: January 2017

La presente revisión tiene como objetivo determinar la deglución atípica en las maloclusiones. Cuando existen movimientos inadecuados de la lengua y/o de otras estructuras durante la fase bucal y faríngola-ríngea de la deglución, hablamos de deglución atípica, como un hábito no fisiológico. Sus objetivos pue-den ser múltiples, actuando solos o simultáneamente de forma acumulativa. El tamaño de una lengua grande se ha encontrado como impedimento para corregir tales alternaciones, sin ser ésta una causa de originar la maloclusiones. Se destaca la importancia que tiene la aplicación de las terapias miofunciona-les para la prevención y rehabilitación de los tejidos blandos, ya que éstos pueden causar maloclusiones y falta de desarrollo facial, afectando la estética del paciente.
Al-Ṭarīqah wa al-ḥarakah al-iḥtijājīyah al-ijtimā‘īyah bi Jawa fī al-qarn al-tāsi‘ ‘ashar: Al-Shaykh Aḥmad al-Rifā‘ī Kalisalak Namūdhajan
Authors: Islam M. Adib Misbachul
Published: January 2017

This article delves into a manuscript of Nazam Tarekat written by Kiai Ahmad ar-Rifai Kalisalak. So far, there has been no study related to Kiai Ahmad ar-Rifai Kalisalak which used Nazam Tarekat as the primary source. The research on this manuscript and its social context highlights the special nature of Kiai Ahmad ar-Rifai’s teachings on Sufism, such as his attitude toward Javanese traditional leaders who have abandoned morality. The other special feature of his teachings on Sufism is that they show the determination of alim adil based on fiqh as the qualification for Sufi teachers. The analysis of this alim adil concept as the qualification for Sufi teachers, put into the dynamics of socio-religious movements in 19th century Java, reveals that besides being a qualification for teachers of Sufism, alim adil also became the ideology for the social protest movement against Dutch colonialization in Java. The strength of the fiqh factor in the concept of alim adil indicates that Kiai Ahmad ar-Rifai Kalisalak’s movement was far from messianic-millenarianism.DOI: 10.15408/sdi.v23i3.3716
Citizenship Education and the EFL Standards: A Critical Reflection
Authors: Calle Díaz Luzkarime
Published: January 2017

The reconfiguration of geographical and cultural boundaries has caused a growing concern among countries in regard to raising awareness of the importance of educating people to become “citizens of the world.” The language classroom seems to be the ideal place to incorporate the teaching and learning of global citizenship education, given its cross-cultural nature. This article intends to analyze the potential opportunities for the development of global citizenship education in the English as a foreign language classroom through a documentary analysis of the national standards and its connection to the national citizenship competences standards and the UNESCO global citizenship education topics and learning objectives. Finally, important recommendations are given to foster global citizenship in the English language classroom.
Developing the Oral Skill in Online English Courses Framed by the Community of Inquiry
Authors: Herrera Díaz Luz Edith , González Miy Darlene
Published: January 2017

Over the last decade, the community of inquiry framework has proved successful for online learning experiences in diverse disciplines, although studies in the teaching of English as a foreign language arena are still scarce. In this vein, this article reports a preliminary study about the development of the oral skill in a Basic English online course, uncovering the relationship between the community of inquiry framework (with its three forms of presence: teaching, cognitive, and social) and some indicators of the oral skill. Findings, based on learners’ perceptions, confirmed the existence of such framework and suggest that the teaching presence fosters grammar, accuracy, and vocabulary. Discussion of findings, limitations of the study and future possible research actions conclude this report.
The Impact of Authentic Materials and Tasks on Students’ Communicative Competence at a Colombian Language School
Authors: Castillo Losada César Augusto , Insuasty Edgar Alirio , Jaime Osorio María Fernanda
Published: January 2017

This article reports on a study carried out in a foreign language school at a Colombian public university. Its main purpose was to analyze the extent to which the use of authentic materials and tasks contributes to the enhancement of the communicative competence on an A2 level English course. A mixed study composed of a quasi-experimental and a descriptive-qualitative research design was implemented by means of a pre-test, a post-test, observations, semi-structured interviews, surveys, and diaries. The findings showed that the use of authentic materials and tasks, within the framework of a pedagogical project, had an impact on students’ communicative competence progress and on the teaching practices of the experimental group teacher.
Democratización y campo policial: nuevos consensos, cambios estructurales y mutaciones organizacionales en las policías de Chile (1990-2005)
Authors: Hathazy Paul
Published: January 2017

En este trabajo explico los cambios organizaciones en las policías de Chile en la primera década de democracia. Teniendo en cuenta el sistema de fuerzas policiales y el complejo de agentes que conforman lo que llamo, siguiendo la teoría de campos de Bourdieu, el campo policial, aquí analizo como, en la primer década de democracia se gestó un nuevo consenso sobre las funciones policiales y como se institucionalizó en nuevas doctrinas y modos de despliegue de las policías de Chile, Carabineros de Chile y la Policía de Investigaciones. Analizo el origen de las demandas de cambio y el modo en que las estructuras históricas de relaciones entre agentes políticos e instituciones policiales y las luchas al interior del campo policial llevaron a la transformación doctrinal y organizacional de ambas fuerzas. Distintos mecanismos produjeron el cambio en cada organización policial en línea con la nueva ortodoxia democrática en función de las distintas posiciones de cada fuerza en el campo policial y de sus distintas relaciones de autonomía respecto del poder ejecutivo .
¿Legados dictatoriales? Instituciones y prácticas policiales entre pasado y presente en América del Sur
Authors: Sozzo Máximo
Published: January 2017

Este trabajo pretende abordar la cuestión de los legados dictatoriales en las instituciones y practicas policiales en América del Sur. Se identifican dos elementos fundamentales: la militarización y la marginalización de la ley. Luego, se exploran algunas de sus manifestaciones cruciales y como han sido enfrentadas en algunos contextos en el marco de las luchas políticas en torno a la transición a la democracia y los resultados que se han generado. Se utilizan ejemplos del caso de Argentina. Concluye con una reflexión sobre la cuestión de los legados dictatoriales, su relación con el pasado remoto y sus metamorfosis en las prácticas e instituciones policiales contemporáneas.
Consciência fonológica na alfabetização de jovens e adultos: como esta relação é concebida pelos alfabetizadores
Authors: Juchem Luiza De Salles , Bolzan Doris Pires Vargas
Published: January 2017

Alfabetizar jovens e adultos abrange variados aspectos biopsicossociais, desafiando a formação dos alfabetizadores para enfrentarem as adversidades que surgem. Ao mesmo tempo, as especificidades relativas ao funcionamento do sistema de escrita alfabética urgem ser exploradas nesse processo de alfabetização. Dentre elas, chamamos a atenção para a consciência fonológica, a qual possibilita ao alfabetizando compreender as relações entre a escrita e os sons que fala. Assim, visamos problematizar concepções de cinco alfabetizadores acerca da consciência fonológica no processo de alfabetização de jovens e adultos. A partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, baseadas em uma abordagem narrativa sociocultural, realizamos a análise das narrativas e evidenciamos que as concepções dos alfabetizadores são permeadas por uma incipiência teórico-metodológica, que os leva a protelar o trabalho metalinguístico (espera) e, quando promovem atividades dessa natureza, baseiam-se na empiria, improviso e ausência de planejamento (tateamento). Ainda assim, observamos que reconhecem a importância da consciência fonológica à alfabetização de jovens e adultos (valorização). Ressaltamos a necessidade de conhecimentos do campo da linguística, incluindo a consciência fonológica, fazerem parte do rol formativo de alfabetizadores de jovens e adultos, com vistas a uma efetiva aprendizagem sobre funcionamento do sistema de escrita alfabética por esse grupo de estudantes.
Contribuições para uma internacionalização da educação superior desde e para América Latina. A experiência da UNILA e da ELAM
Authors: Abba Maria Julieta , Corsetti Berenice
Published: January 2017

O trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre uma internacionalização da educação superior desde e para a América Latina, mediante o estudo das experiências da Universidade Federal para a Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), localizada em Foz de Iguaçu, Brasil, e da Escola Latino-americana de Medicina (ELAM), localizada em Havana, Cuba. Deste modo, buscamos problematizar a temática da internacionalização através da tensão entre duas perspectivas teóricas: uma hegemônica e outra em construção. Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo, desenvolvido a partir da análise de documentos e da produção bibliográfica sobre a internacionalização, a UNILA e a ELAM. O texto está organizado em quatro partes. Na primeira, analisamos diversas perspectivas da internacionalização da educação superior, detectadas mediante a  evisão bibliográfica da pesquisa. Em segundo lugar, caracterizamos uma perspectiva da internacionalização, que consideramos em construção, formulada desde e para a América Latina. Num terceiro momento, apresentamos duas experiências de internacionalização que se inserem nesta última perspectiva emergente. Finalmente, expomos algumas considerações e reflexões sobre o trabalhado ao longo do texto, e apontamos os principais desafios a serem enfrentados por estas duas instituições no que diz respeito à promoção da internacionalização desde e para América Latina.
Crystallographic and Magnetic Properties of CoCrPt Thin Films Investigated Using Single-Crystal Perpendicular Magnetic Thin Film Samples
Authors: Futamoto Masaaki , Terayama Kouta , Sato Katsuaki , Inaba Nobuyuki , Hirayama Yoshiyuki
Published: January 2017

Conditions to prepare good single-crystal CoCrPt magnetic thin film with the easy magnetization axis perpendicular to the film plane were investigated using oxide single-crystal substrates, Al2O3(0001), LaAlO3(0001), mica(0001), SrTiO3(111), and MgO(111). The best CoCrPt(0001) single-crystal thin film was obtained on an Al2O3(0001) substrate employing a non-magnetic CoCrRu underlayer. The crystallographic quality of single-crystal thin film was investigated using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Some intrinsic magnetic properties (Hk, Ku) were determined for the single-crystal CoCrxPty thin films for a compositional range of x=17-20at% and y=0-17at%.
In-Situ Studies of Silicide Formation in Ti-Ta Bilayer Thin Films on Poly-Si
Authors: Özcan A. S. , Ludwig K. F. , Lavoie C. , Cabral C. , Harper J. M. E.
Published: January 2017

We have studied the formation of titanium silicides in the presence of an ultra-thin layer of Ta, interposed between Ti and Si. In-situ x-ray diffraction (XRD), resistance measurements and elastic light scattering were used to study the thin film reactions in real time during ramp anneals to 1000°C. On poly-Si substrates the Ta thickness was varied from 0 to 1.5 nm while the Ti thickness was held constant at ∼27 nm. The time-resolved XRD shows that the volume fraction of C40 and metal-rich silicide phases grows with increasing Ta layer thickness. Increased Ta layer thicknesses also delay the growth of the C49 disilicide phase to higher temperatures. Among the Ta thicknesses we examined, 0.3 nm is the most effective in lowering the C49-C54 transformation temperature. Films with Ta layers thicker than 0.5 nm do not completely transform into the C54 phase. The texture of the C54 phase is also sensitive to the Ta thickness. The C54 disilicide film is predominantly (010) textured for the Ti / 0.3 nm Ta sample. The final C54 texture is significantly different for Ta layers thinner or thicker than the optimal 0.3 nm. This suggests that the most effective thickness for lowering the C54 formation temperature is related to the development of a strong (010) texture. The possibility of a template effect by the C40 or metal-rich Ti5Si3 phases is also discussed on the basis of texture considerations.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Copper Thin Film Growth on β-Ta (002) Substrate
Authors: Li Youhong , Adams James B.
Published: January 2017

Tantalum can be used both as a diffusion barrier and an adhesion layer for copper metallization for semiconductor devices. Experiments show that β-Ta (200) substrates promote (111) texture growth in copper films. In this study, we first create an embedded atom method (EAM) Cu-Ta potential developed by our force matching method (FMM); then the potential is used for Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of initial copper thin film growth on β-Ta substrates. Both Cu/Ta interfacial structures and copper film structure are investigated. The relevance to (111) texturing is discussed.
TEKNIK PENANGKAPAN DAN PENGOPERASIAN ALAT PUKAT CINCIN UNTUK MENANGKAP IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI PERAIRAN PANTAI UTARA JAWA
Authors: Sawon Sawon , Nardi H.E Nardi H.E , M. Rijal M. Rijal , Suwardi Suwardi
Published: January 2017

Abstrak bisa dilihat di Lampiran
Fishes from the Jaru Biological Reserve, Machado River drainage, Madeira River basin, Rondônia State, northern Brazil
Authors: Costa Igor David ,   Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Brazil, Ohara Willian Massaharu , Almeida Missilene ,   Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
Published: January 2017

Abstract: This work assessed freshwater fishes collected at 12 stations located along the Tarumã River, middle Machado River, Madeira River basin. The fieldwork took place in May and September 2015 during the high and low water seasons, respectively. We gathered 1,482 specimens representing seven orders, 30 families, 54 genera and 74 species using seine, gill, and hand nets. The family Characidae was the most representative, exhibiting the highest number of species captured. The species with the greatest abundance were Hemigrammus vorderwinkleri, Hyphessobrycon bentosi, Hemigrammus cf. bellottii, Bryconella pallidifrons, and Apistogramma resticulosa. Two species that remained unidentified are probably a new species. This study represents the third fish survey totally conducted at a Conservation Unit in the Rondônia State, and will certainly provide valuable information for future investigations on biodiversity conservation in the Machado River.
Comparison of Three Methods of Rating Nasolabial Appearance in Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Fudalej Sylwia A. , Desmedt Dries , Bronkhorst Ewald , Fudalej Piotr S.
Published: January 2017

Objective

To investigate which of three methods of rating nasolabial appearance—esthetic index, visual analogue scale (VAS), or numerical scale with reference photographs—is optimal.

Design

Experimental study.

Setting

Radboud University Medical Centre, The Netherlands and University of Bern, Switzerland.

Subjects and Methods

Cropped photographs of 60 patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (mean age = 10.8 years) were used for rating. A panel of eight raters rated four components of nasolabial morphology (nasal shape, nose deviation, vermillion border, and profile view) using three methods: 5-point esthetic index, 100 mm VAS, and 0 to 200 numerical scale with reference photographs (reference scores method). Method reliability was assessed by re-evaluation of 20 images after >1 month. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate consistency of each method.

Results

Overall reference scores method always produced more reproducible results (i.e., higher ICCs) than did VAS or the esthetic index. However, statistically significant differences were found between reference scores and esthetic index in rating nasal shape, nose deviation, and vermillion border only ( P < 0.001, <0.001, and 0.012, respectively) and between reference scores and VAS in rating nose deviation and vermillion border ( P < 0.001 and 0.017, respectively).

Conclusion

We recommend the use of reference photographs along with the VAS or numerical (from 0 to 200) semi-continuous scale. The esthetic index, based on a Likert-type scale, seems to produce the most variable results and, therefore, is not preferred.
A Family with Craniofrontonasal Syndrome
Authors: Inoue Yoshikazu , Sakamoto Yoshiaki , Sugimoto Masanori , Inagaki Hidehito , Boda Hiroko , Miyata Masafumi , Kato Hideteru , Kurahashi Hiroki , Okumoto Takayuki
Published: January 2017

Craniofrontonasal syndrome (CFNS) is a very rare genetic disorder, the common physical malformations of which include coronal synostosis, widely spaced eyes, clefting of the nasal tip, and various skeletal anomalies. Mutations of EFNB1, which encodes a member of the ephrin family of transmembrane ligands for Eph receptor tyrosine kinases, is the cause of CFNS. Although familial CFNS cases have been reported, no studies in the literature describe familial cases of CFNS expressing bilateral cleft lip and palate. Here, we describe a Japanese family with three cases of CFNS expressing bilateral cleft lip and palate.
Study of vaginal misoprostol for labour induction in intra uterine fetal demise
Authors: Tharihalli Chandrashekhar , Bhat Shreelatha
Published: January 2017

Background: Intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) is the most undesirable consequence of pregnancy which causes psychological distress to mother and family. It also carries risk of infection and DIC. In literature, various methods have been described to manage the cases of IUFD. Practically prostaglandin analogues are routinely used for induction of labour in cases of IUFD. The objectives of this study were to assess the effectiveness and safety of vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour in IUFD.Methods: In this prospective study, consecutive series of 100 women with IUFD ≥ 28 weeks of gestation are studied. Detailed clinical history, physical examination and investigations are recorded. All selected cases were induced with vaginal misoprostol 50 μg and the doses are repeated every 6th hourly depending on uterine contractions and Bishop’s score changes.Results: The average induction to delivery interval is 14.68 hours. All women delivered within 40 hours of administration of first dose of misoprostol with 47%, 86% and 100% delivering within 12 hours, 24 hours and 40 hours respectively. There was significant correlation between mean induction delivery interval and maternal age, parity and Bishop’s score. Minor side effects like chills and fever were noted in 5% of patients and retained placenta and atonic PPH was seen in 2% each.Conclusions: The low dose vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour in IUFD is a safe, effective and cost effective regimen.
Awareness, attitude and practice of family planning methods in a tertiary care hospital, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jahan Uruj , Verma Kavita , Gupta Shruti , Gupta Renu , Mahour Simmi , Kirti Neha , Verma Poonam
Published: January 2017

Background: Family planning services have the potential to improve the quality of the lives of people and their economic welfare. The objective of the study was to assess the level of awareness, attitude, and current practice of different family planning methods and to elicit reasons for couples not using any method.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was done among 1050 married women of reproductive age .Results: Most of the women were between 21-34 years of age (60.1%) and had primary level of education (40%).It was observed that with increase in level of education, awareness also increased (77.7%). The most common source of information was mass media (53.2%). Contraceptive prevalence rate was 62.9%, higher than the national data as 28.5%. Most of them (93.1%) were aware of atleast one family planning method. The most commonly known were OCPs (74.8%), condom (68.8%) and IUCD (56.6%). Awareness about female sterilisation (36.4%) was more than male sterilisation (25.3%). 62.9% had used atleast one contraceptive method, three prevailing methods used were condom (65.1%), OCPs (31.8%) and IUCD (9.09%). Reasons precluding women from practicing contraception were desire to have a child (60.5%), lack of knowledge (42.4%), and unbearable side effects (25.5%). Majority (92.4%) thought that contraceptive use was beneficial but only (27.2%) expressed the willingness to start practicing contraception if they received more information about the subject.Conclusions: Majority of women had optimal knowledge and favourable attitude, still there is need to educate and motivate couples to improve family planning services.
Office hysteroscopy prior to ART cycle-analysis and outcome at a private IVF clinic setup in Surat, Gujarat, India
Authors: Mahale Meeta Mohan , Nadkarni Purnima Kishore , Nadkarni Kishore Mohan , Singh Pooja Prabhakar , Nadkarni Aditi Akshay , Singh Prabhakar Mahendra
Published: January 2017

Background: Hysteroscopy is a gold standard test for assessing the uterine cavity. The presence of uterine pathology may negatively affect the chance of implantation .This study investigated the use of routine office hysteroscopy and correction of any intrauterine pathologies prior to starting IVF cycle on treatment outcome in women seeking IVF treatment for primary infertility and recurrent implantation failure.Methods: This was a retrospective study of 100 women who attended our infertility clinic from July 2016 to December 2016 and who were willing for office hysteroscopy. The main outcomes measured were clinical pregnancy rates achieved in the index IVF cycle, multiple pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and failure rate.Results: Of the 100 patients who participated in the study, 75 patients conceived, 25 patients failed to conceive. 80.64% patients with normal findings on diagnostic hysteroscopy conceived after the procedure, 58.33% patients conceived after polypectomy, 68.42% conceived after septal resection, 71.42% conceived after adhesiolysis, 50% conceived after lateral metroplasty and 73.07% of recurrent implantation failure conceived after local endometrial injury was done on hysteroscopy.Conclusions: Hysteroscopy in infertile women prior to their IVF cycle when performed atleast 3 months in advance could improve treatment outcome.
Sonomorphology and colour flow Doppler studies in differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian masses
Authors: Jothy M. Shyamala , Padmasekar Anju
Published: January 2017

Background: Ovarian cancer is the most frequent cause of death from Gynaecological malignancies in the world. Most patients with epithelial ovarian cancer are asymptomatic in early stage disease and usually present with stage III or IV disease. There are various screening methods for detection of ovarian cancer like bimanual pelvic examination, ultrasound examination (TVS and TAS) with or without color Doppler flow imaging and measurement of various circulating proteins like CA 125. The Purpose of a study is to determine optimal cut off point for a morphological scoring system and color flow directed Doppler values to differentiate benign and malignant ovarian masses.Methods: This study was done at Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology, Government Rajah Mirasudhar Teaching Hospital attached to Government Thanjavur Medical College, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, India during the period of June – 2011 to October – 2012. This study consisted of 73 patients, 3 patients were not operated as they were not fit for surgery for medical reasons. Hence 70 patients were included in the study. A note was made of their main symptoms at admission, Parity, menopausal status, family history of carcinoma. Patients admitted with diagnosis of ovarian masses and clearly ovarian by sonomorphology and surgery were only included in this study. Morphological Score, RI and PI were calculated. All patients underwent exploratory laparotomy with surgical removal of the tumor. The final diagnosis obtained based on HPE were classified as either benign or malignant. The score of each mass and the Doppler values were assessed individually and in combination with regard to its relationship to final diagnosis.Results: In summary the resistance to flow measurement obtained by Doppler had a higher sensitivity and specificity compared to the morphological scoring system in differentiating benign and malignant ovarian masses. The combination of morphological score and Doppler Measurements improved the specificity positive predictive value for differentiating benign and malignant ovarian masses. Conclusions: The combination of ultrasound and Doppler values is better in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian masses. The cut off point for ultrasound guided morphological scoring system was 4 and Doppler velocimetry for differentiating benign and malignant ovarian masses was a RI of 0.55 and PI of 0.8.
Situational Analysis of Intimate Partner Violence Interventions in South Asian and Middle Eastern Countries
Authors: Niaz Unaiza , Hassan Sehar-un-nisa , Tariq Qudsia
Published: January 2017

It is vital to identify forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by women and men in intimate relations, their underlying causes, and the impact on their own lives and the society. Research on victimization of women is ample; however, men’s victimization in intimate relations is a neglected area of research in many world regions, thus requiring more attention. Among the common psychosocial factors correlated with IPV, specific social, economic, and cultural factors in South Asian and Middle Eastern countries increase women’s vulnerability to face and bear the detrimental consequences of IPV. The review of existing literature and interviews with 16 notable agencies in Pakistan indicate that most of the existing intervention programs in these countries focus on providing legal and psychosocial support to female victims. In addition, there is lack of adequate evaluation or proper documentation of the activities and outcomes of intervention programs. These findings strongly suggest that further research on structured perpetrators programs in this part of the world is needed.
The Wide Divide Between Fracturing Plans and Reality
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen
Published: January 2017

Fracturing Plans

What is observed when an unconventional well is fractured is often at odds with what was expected by those who planned the job.

In-well observations from technical papers from Shell (SPE 179124) and Devon Energy (SPE 179149) presented at the recent SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference question many of the assumptions made about how to most efficiently stimulate nearly impermeable unconventional formations.

Completion designs often assume that adding perforations will increase the number of productive fractures. But Shell’s in-well studies using a fiber-optic cable during and after completions showed that in most stages only one fracture, and sometimes two, take in most of the fluid and sand. The company also found that more stimulation translates into more production.

“There is invariably a dominant perforation stage emerging through the jobs,” said Bill Wheaton, formerly a senior adviser in operations engineering for Devon who presented its paper. “We would like to see four [effective] fractures for four perforation clusters, but that is an uncommon thing,” he said.

Generally, the most productive spot in each cluster of perforations is located on the heelward side—the end toward the section of the well that curves from horizontal to vertical. Both papers showed wide variations in how much fluid and proppant flowed into the formation at different spots along the studied wellbores. In the Shell study, more than two-thirds of all the clusters took in 50% more or less than the designed amount.

And the tools used to control the flow during fracturing often leak. Packers frequently fail to seal stages, allowing large amounts of fluid and proppant to escape, and diverters often are unable to temporarily clog large fractures so the hydraulic pressure can be redirected to stimulate small ones.

“We need to pay attention not only to the design but the execution,” said Gustavo Ugueto, senior staff petrophysical engineer for Shell, during his presentation at the fracturing conference. Measures of what flows into the perforations show that “a lot of them receive more than designed for, and a lot receive less.”

Fracturing Efficiency

There is an upside to these critical reports—addressing the problems could lead to revised methods and tools that could produce more oil and gas with less.

Shell’s paper sets that theme by quoting its paper about fracturing from 1963 (SPE 530) that said, “The basic objective of all well treatment is to get the best stimulation compatible with the cost.”