bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integration Issues of Big Data Analysis on Social Networks
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Ivaschenko Anton , Ilyasova Natalya ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodogvardeyskaya str. 151, Samara, Russia, 443001, Khorina Anastasia ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Isayko Vladislav ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Krupin Daniil ,   IPSI SEC “Open Code”, Yarmarochnaya Str. 55, Samara, Russia, 443001, Bolotsky Viktor ,   IPSI SEC “Open Code”, Yarmarochnaya Str. 55, Samara, Russia, 443001, Sitnikov Pavel ,   ITMO University, Birzhevaya liniya 14 lit. A, Saint-Petersburg, Russia, 199034
Published: September 2018

Nowadays Social Media becomes one of the major providers of Big Data for analysis of users’ behaviour, focus, trends, and deviations. One user can be presented in several social networks by various avatars. Most users have different dynamics of data processing and generation. In order to provide a solution capable to deal with this, there was developed and implemented a software library for integration with a number of social networks. This paper describes the problem, solution architecture and technical details of its implementation supported by the results of simulation and real data analysis for a number of popular social networks.
Myocardial infarction detection using wavelet analysis of ECG signal
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Davydov Nikita , Khramov Alexander ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086
Published: September 2018

The new method of ECG signal segmentation and feature extraction is developed and tested with the use of SVM classification method in this paper. The algorithm based on discrete wavelet transformation and several new steps of beat extraction is proposed in this paper. We found out that the most part of algorithms is not easy to understand and realize. During the developing we made each step of algorithm clear and valid, so anyone can realize it when it needs. The output of preprocessing method is common standard segment, which accumulate all information from ECG signal and, in fact, this segment is the trend line of cardiac cycle in ECG signal. The feature extraction method based on cross wavelet transformation is used in this paper. Cross wavelet spectrum and wavelet coherence are two characteristics which are used for feature extraction. Classification method based on Support Vector Machine and several different transformation kernels is used and sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for each algorithm is calculated. The best result is 0.87, 0.8481 and 0.8603 for sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, respectively.
Development of a knowledge base based on context analysis of external information resources
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venetz str. 32, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027, Yarushkina Nadezhda , Filippov Aleksey ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venetz str. 32, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027, Moshkin Vadim ,   Ulyanovsk State Technical University, Severny Venetz str. 32, Ulyanovsk, Russia, 432027
Published: September 2018

The article describes the process of developing a knowledge base (KB). The content of KB is formed as a result of the analysis of the contexts of external information resources. In this case, the context is a certain ”point of view” on the problem area (PrA) and its features. A graph database (DB) Neo4j is used as the basis for storing the contents of the KB in the form of an ontology. An attempt is made to implement the mechanism of inference by the contents of a graph database. The mechanism is used to dynamically generate the screen forms of the user interface to simplify the work with the KB. This article also describes the method of extension of KB based on the content of the wiki-resources and relational databases.
Linear codes invariant with respect to generalized shift operators
Authors:   Ural State Forest Engineering University, Sibirsky trakt 37, Ekaterinburg, Russia, 620100, Labunets Valeriy , Osthaimer Ekaterina ,   Capricat LLC, Pompano Beach, Florida, US
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper is to introduce new linear codes with generalized symmetry. We extend cyclic and group codes in the following way. We introduce codes, invariant with respect to a family of generalized shift operators (GSO). In particle case when this family is a group (cyclic or Abelian), these codes are ordinary cyclic and group codes. They are invariant with respect to this group. We deal with GSO-invariant codes with fast code and encode procedures based on fast generalized Fourier transforms. The hope is that thesemore general structures will lead to larger classes of useful codes “good” properties.
On improving the quality of VoIP connections
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Stachki str. 200/1, k.213, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344090, Bukatov Alexander , Polukarov Danil ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Zaitsev Nicolay ,   Don State Technical University, Lenina str. 69, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 344079, Sukhov Andrei ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086
Published: September 2018

Improving the quality of VoIP connections is a very important goal in the area of telecommunications. The proportion of multimedia traffic in relation to the total traffic supported by providers is constantly increasing. To identify and troubleshoot issues with VoIP connections, network providers need both criteria and a methodology for assessing connection quality. We offer a methodology for assessing the quality of VoIP connections. A comparative analysis of VoIP codecs is also made.
Is there an optimum in ad-hoc networks?
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Polukarov Danil , Chursin Pavel ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086
Published: September 2018

One of the most promising modern data transmission technologies is ad-hoc wireless peer-to-peer networks. A distinctive feature of such networks is the absence of a central node, which allows you to create connections "on the fly" with arbitrary connections between nodes. Ad-hoc networks are designed to create mobile computer networks and can be used, for example, to coordinate transport, in search and rescue operations and similar situations in which the use of infrastructure nodes is ineffective. When using Wi-Fi as a transport for selforganising sensor networks, attention should be paid to details. Wi-Fi technology is used in adhoc mode in self-organising sensor networks with non-hierarchical nodes. An experiment was conducted to measure the available bandwidth of a segment of the Wi-Fi network. This parameter was measured, and the dependence of the available bandwidth on the segment load was determined. We tried to create a tool for testing the Wi-Fi segment while also testing the tool’s own performance in various configurations of the Wi-Fi segment.
Development of data model for the functioning of production active elements based on information interaction
Authors:   Samara University of Public Administration International Market Institute,  G.S. Aksakova Street 21, Samara, Russia, 443030, Khaimovich Irina ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe shosse 34A, Samara, Russia, 443086, Ramzaev Vladimir ,   Samara University of Public Administration International Market Institute,  G.S. Aksakova Street 21, Samara, Russia, 443030
Published: September 2018

The article discusses the design and technological preparation of production as a hierarchical active system “center – designers - technologists". A functioning model of the production of the active element, which is a model of decision making, is described in a formalized form. The most effective state, chosen by each active member as a team of a relative subdivision, may be different from the planned states that are defined in terms of the criterion which characterizes given type of production preparation in general, which leads to contradictions in the system. The article introduces quantitative assessment of inconsistency between each team and the center, and on this basis the coordinated interaction problem is stated. The authors discuss the informative way of solving the coordinated interaction problem from the standpoint of team interests: the availability of information resources in the form of PDM/PLM – the management system of product life cycle with implemented Big Data technology will allow designers and technologists to create adequate representation of actions of another team and reach optimum equilibrium. The mechanism of effective design and engineering solutions formation is connected with the mechanism of versions and organization of information processing level Product Event Management.
Analysis of the influence of citizens’ altruism on the effectiveness of the socially-optimal actions stimulation system
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moscowskoe shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Geras’kin Mikhail
Published: September 2018

The problem of the development of the state information stimulation system of Russian citizens’ socio-optimal actions is considered according to the optimum of collective utility function as criterion. The algorithm of the information system is formed taking into account the conditions of individual rationality, Pareto efficiency and non-manipulability. The algorithm for analyzing the effect of various functions of the probability distribution density of the altruism degree of Russian citizens on the effectiveness of the system for stimulating socially-optimal actions is developed. The simulation of social groups behavior, covering more than ten percent of Russia's economically active population, is confirmed the stability of the stimulation system for citizens’ opportunistic behavior.
A fractal statistical fraud detection analysis in databases
Authors:   Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, Shabolovka str. 4, Moscow, Russia, 119991, Hripunov Pavel
Published: September 2018

The paper proposes a method for fraud detection analysis in databases. The main idea of the method is to use fractal analysis of numerical information in databases to identify anomalies caused by substitution or distortion of initial data.In this paper, a criterion based on fractal analysis is used. The results of experiments on simulated data are presented.
Block algorithm for the joint difference solution of the d’Alembert and Maxwell’s equations
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086, Yablokova Liudmila , Golovashkin Dimitriy ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, Russia, 443086,   Image Processing Systems Institute - Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Molodogvardeyskaya str. 151, Samara, Russia, 443001
Published: September 2018

A characteristic feature of mathematical modeling at the present stage of development is the consideration of the architecture of the computer system, not only for stage of compiling a computer program, but also during the development of a numerical method and synthesis of the mathematical model. This method significantly broadens the researcher's ability to search for the optimal mapping of the numerical method to the mentioned architecture, in the sense of accelerating computations. In this paper, this idea is illustrating by examples of the basic mathematical model of computational electrodynamics and optics, Maxwell's equations, and the FDTD. This modification allows to reducing the data exchange rate between the operational and cache memory due to the greater number of arithmetic operations per one grid function in solving the d’Alembert equation. On the other hand, freely use the technologies FDTD method and ready-made software implementations for setting the incident wave, imposing the absorbing layers, taking into account the dispersion of the medium.
On an approach to assessing the inter-channel phase synchronization of electroencephalogram signals
Authors:   Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, Russia, 125009, Obukhov Yury , Tolmacheva Renata ,   Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, Russia, 125009, Polupanov Alexandr ,   Kotel’nikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, Mokhovaya 11-7, Moscow, Russia, 125009, Zhavoronkova Ludmila ,   Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiologyof RAS, Butlerova 5a, Moscow, Russia, 117485
Published: September 2018

A new approach to evaluation of the phase coherence of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in different channels based on the calculation and comparison of definite phase characteristics of signals at the points of the ridges of their wavelet spectrograms is considered. The approach is applied to evaluation of inter-channel phase coherence of EEG signals at cognitive tests performed for a healthy subject and for a patient after a traumatic brain injury. The method makes possible to efficiently detect phase-coupled pairs of channels of EEG and distinguish them from phase-uncoupled ones.
Machine Learning in a Multi-Agent System for Distributed Computing Management
Authors:   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory SB RAS, Lermontov St. 134, Irkutsk, Russia, 664033, Bychkov Igor , Feoktistov Alexander ,   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory SB RAS, Lermontov St. 134, Irkutsk, Russia, 664033, Sidorov Ivan ,   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory SB RAS, Lermontov St. 134, Irkutsk, Russia, 664033, Edelev Alexei ,   Melentiev Energy Systems Institute, Lermontov St. 130, Irkutsk, Russia, 664033, Gorsky Sergey ,   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory SB RAS, Lermontov St. 134, Irkutsk, Russia, 664033, Kostromin Roman ,   Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory SB RAS, Lermontov St. 134, Irkutsk, Russia, 664033
Published: September 2018

We address the relevant problem of machine learning in a multi-agent system for distributed computing management. We propose a new approach to the agent learning in the system for managing job flows of scalable applications in a heterogeneous distributed computing environment, which includes high-performance computing clusters, as its main components. We manage parameter sweep applications that execute their jobs in a virtual machine environment. We use the specialized tools to implement such environment. In contrast to the known approaches, our approach is based on the integrated applying of methods for job classification and parameter adjustment of algorithms for functioning agents. Simulation modeling the environment allows eliciting the necessary knowledge for parameter adjustment. During the learning of agents, we use the expert knowledge of environment node administrators. An example of solving the complex practical problem that relates to studying energy development directions of Russia demonstrates advantages of the proposed approach.
The development of a virtual laboratory based on Unreal Engine 4
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086, Sheverev Dmitry , Kozlova Irina ,   Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye shosse 34А, Samara, Russia, 443086
Published: September 2018

In our days we have the problem in the system of training highly skilled engineering staff– the impossibility of teaching students high-tech equipment because of its fragility and high cost. The solution of this problem is the creation of a virtual laboratory works, which represent a computer simulation of the real hardware – the simulator. The main advantages of virtual laboratories is the lack of significant costs for the buy, repair and maintenance of expensive equipment, increased visibility of the processes of the explored process, unlimited up building the virtual laboratory’s functional and etc. At the moment the laboratory work is developed and its purpose is to research the hysteresis of linear deformations of piezoelectric elements and it is tested in real educational process. Further development of this work is to increase the number of training models, and of course as support for mobile devices.
Sobre el cruce entre variables categóricas
Authors: Rondón Troncoso Hermilda Susana
Published: September 2018

La mayoría de los libros tradicionales de es­tadística para pregrado abordan el tema sobre el cruce entre variables categóricas, extrayen­do directamente la información que traen las ta­blas de valores observados y esperados para conseguir el valor puntual del estadístico de la Ji cuadrado. La información presentada de esta manera no le permite al estudiante comprender de dónde salen estos valores, ni tampoco apre­ciar el trabajo que hay al construir estas tablas, en especial para muestras grandes. El objetivo del presente artículo es dar a conocer una for­ma alternativa de realizar el cruce entre variables categóricas, y así permitir al estudiante realizar todo el proceso de construcción de las tablas de valores observados y esperados. La metodolo­gía propuesta permitirá diseñar el archivo de da­tos con la participación de los estudiantes para un grupo de variables categóricas, de las que se seleccionan sexo y estado civil. Los valores de estas dos variables presentados por columnas se van colocando en una tabla en la casilla que corresponda hasta completar la muestra; esta tabla generará las tablas de valores observados y esperados que permitirán el cálculo del esta­dístico de prueba. El resultado se compara con el obtenido al usar una macro construida espe­cialmente para este propósito.
Nueva gestión pública en las “maneras de hacer” del docente universitario
Authors: Salcedo Casallas Javier Ricardo
Published: September 2018

El artículo es un estudio documental de la investigación titulada Reformas en educa­ción superior. Prácticas y modos de subjetiva­ción docente, del Doctorado Interinstitucional en Educación de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacio­nal. Se contextualiza el momento histórico en el que se desarrolla el docente universitario colom­biano y reconoce la emergencia de una subjeti­vidad política capaz de resistirse en el dominio de la nueva gestión pública (en adelante NGP), reorientándolo. Se propone introducir un acer­camiento a las “maneras de hacer” del docente universitario a partir de una forma de gobernan­za de la universidad: la NGP, que estructura las estrategias educativas neoliberales del siglo XXI. La primera parte es una revisión documental so­bre la noción de NGP y el contexto problemático en la universidad; la segunda parte desarrolla la relación entre esta gobernanza y la reforma a las “maneras de hacer” docente universitario a tra­vés del gobierno en línea. Finalmente, se conclu­ye cómo el modelo de la NGP afecta las maneras de hacer de la actividad académica del docen­te universitario. El artículo permite comprender cómo el desarrollo social a través de acciones actuales de gobierno como la eficiencia, entre otras, atraviesa a la educación superior y afecta así al docente universitario.
Planteamientos curriculares oficiales: la pérdida de la credibilidad
Authors: Díaz Santamaría Wilmar Javier
Published: September 2018

Las humanidades como elemento de trans­versalidad permiten generar en las universida­des espacios de reflexión y análisis, con la fina­lidad de abordar diferentes ejes que al paso del tiempo se pueden volver crónicos y afectar lo social. La credibilidad pareciera ser un concepto devaluado, nadie cree en nadie —ni a nivel per­sonal ni institucional—, por lo que se hace nece­sario buscar el origen de esta ruptura. Se ha ha­blado de calidad de la educación, de cobertura, de tecnologías, pero el tema de la credibilidad en las instituciones educativas no pareciera ser de mayor importancia. Es por esto que eviden­ciar aquellos puntos de intervención institucio­nal, objeto de este microejercicio investigativo, puede dar una mirada al currículo oficial de la institución de educación, por medio del análisis al proyecto educativo institucional, de algunas visiones de los miembros de la institución como directivos, profesores, estudiantes, y finalmente teniendo en cuenta algunos autores que darán peso y profundidad a la reflexión para que no se quede en la mera casuística. Para esto se par­te de la hipótesis de que el docente-investiga­dor debe cada día preocuparse más por ampliar las bases teóricas que enriquecen su discurso, como una manera de dinamizar los procesos de educación que están a su cargo.
Pessoa na língua dos Gavião de Rondônia
Authors: Moore Denny
Published: September 2018

Na língua dos Gavião de Rondônia, todas as classes de radicais (nomes, verbos, adjetivos, auxiliares), com exceção dos radicais de verbos intransitivos, podem receber como marcadores de pessoa clíticos pessoais ou pronomes pessoais livres.  Existem quatro classes de clíticos pessoais e cada radical simples pertence a uma destas. Os clíticos pronominais marcam o possuidor de um radical nominal, o objeto de um radical de verbo transitivo, o sujeito da oração de um auxiliar e o núcleo do sintagma nominal de adjetivo. Marcam também concordância com o sujeito de verbos intransitivos.
Construções comparativas em Karitiana: descrição preliminar
Authors: Sanchez Mendes Luciana
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma descrição preliminar das construções comparativas em Karitiana (uma língua nativa da América do Sul falada em Rondônia, Brasil, família Arikén, tronco Tupi). Primeiramente, o artigo investiga essas construções considerando o Karitiana numa perspectiva tipológica. Desse ponto de vista, o Karitiana tem uma propriedade que é similar a outras línguas como o inglês e o português: ele expressa comparativas por uma palavra especializada para marcar o índice de comparação. Ohynym tem um papel semelhante ao do morfema comparativo {-er} em inglês e o mais em português. No entanto, essa palavra significa 'maior' quando é usada sem um adjetivo modificado. Karitiana, no entanto, não tem uma marca para o padrão de comparação (como that do inglês e (do) que em português). Em seguida, o artigo considera duas hipóteses para a sintaxe de construções comparativas em Karitiana e defende que, em vez de serem biclausais, essas construções são expressas por uma sentença contendo um verbo auxiliar e um verbo principal.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Penyusunan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Melalui Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 Kabupaten Barito Kuala
Authors: Riduan Muhammad
Published: September 2018

Musyawarah guru mata pelajaran adalah serangkaian kegiatan membantu guru mengembangkan kemampuannya mengelola proses pembelajaran demi pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam menyusun Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP). Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Sekolah (PTS) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah guru-guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Kabupaten Barito Kuala pada tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 sebanyak 23 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan musyawarh guru mata pelajaran dapat membantu meningkatkan guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam menyusun RPP.
REVISÃO NOS REGISTROS DOS PRONTUÁRIOS MÉDICO NO SETOR DE FISIOTERAPIA DAS CLINICAS INTEGRADAS UNESC
Authors: Teixeira André Luiz , Longen Willians Cassiano , Minetto Ariete Ines , Pacheco Robson
Published: September 2018

As Clinicas Integradas da UNESC utilizam os prontuários como instrumento de comunicação entre os profissionais da área da saúde que permeia as atividades no âmbito de seus serviços oferecidos pela instituição. Os prontuários são importante instrumento para educação profissional e suporte legal acerca de condutas multiprofissionais. O objetivo do estudo foi apresentar uma proposta de revisão do desenvolvimento diário dos Prontuários do Setor de Fisioterapia das Clinicas Integradas da UNESC. Para investigar os resultados, propôs-se realizar uma coleta de dados subscrita em duas fases, sendo que a primeira ocorreu através de uma pesquisa de abordagem observacional e retrospectiva, e na segunda fase realizou-se uma abordagem observacional, retrospectiva, quali e quantitativa. A amostra pesquisada contou com um total de 100 prontuários do ano de 2015 e com uma entrevista entre oito (08) professores Fisioterapeutas do setor de estágios e setenta e cinco (75) acadêmicos estagiários do Curso de Fisioterapia da UNESC. Os resultados ressaltam a carência de registros de informações sobre parâmetros fisiológicos dos pacientes atendidos e a falta de informação dos acadêmicos no que tange a importância das evoluções descritas nos mesmos. Além disso, tanto professores quanto acadêmicos ressaltaram a importância deste instrumento como fonte de pesquisa e de rotina em uma abordagem multidisciplinar.
ESTRATÉGIAS PEDAGÓGICAS QUE NORTEIAM A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMEIROS PROFESSORES: INTERFACES COM A EDUCAÇÃO LIBERTADORA DE PAULO FREIRE
Authors: Vendruscolo Carine , Kloh Daiana , Pozzebon Alcione , Zanatta Elisangela Argenta , Bender Jean Wilian , Zocche Denise Antunes de Azambuja , França Josiane Rodrigues
Published: September 2018

A presente pesquisa visa analisar as estratégias pedagógicas e avaliativas utilizadas pelo enfermeiro professor em cursos de graduação em enfermagem. Estudo descritivo e exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 10 enfermeiros-professores de duas Instituições de Ensino Superior do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. A produção e registro das informações ocorreu entre os meses de fevereiro e junho de 2015, por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, e a análise pautou-se na obra do educador Paulo Freire. Os participantes foram selecionados por amostragem não probabilística, do tipo bola de neve. As questões éticas foram respeitadas mediante parecer favorável do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisas. Observou-se que as estratégias pedagógicas que norteiam as práticas dos enfermeiros professores estimulam o diálogo, a formação de sujeitos críticos, autocríticos e reflexivos. O processo avaliativo, via de regra, ocorre de maneira processual e segue a mesma tendência. Os docentes enfermeiros estão gradativamente, assumindo a tendência pedagógica libertadora, com estratégias distintas voltadas a realidade do educando. Concluiu-se que os professores demonstram a sua preocupação com esse ser enfermeiro em formação, mediante a utilização de metodologias de ensino e avaliação processuais e centradas em suas experiências praticas.
ALGUNS ENSINAMENTOS DA CRISE FINANCEIRA NORTE-AMERICANA DE 2008
Authors: Alves Jorge Amaro Bastos
Published: September 2018

Esse artigo aborda de forma concisa a crise financeira de 2008 que abalou os tradicionais mercados europeus e norte-americano analisando suas repercussões no Brasil e no mundo. Analisou-se o aspecto recorrente das crises, tendo em vista que essas decorrem de processos evolutivos das economias de mercado, bem como, algumas particularidades do caráter sistêmico, globalizado e abrangente da crise, que atingiu não só o sistema financeiro como o setor real da economia.
SSR loci potentially associated with high amylopectine content in maize kernel endosperm
Authors: Vakula S. I. , Orlovskaya O. A. , Khotyleva L. V. , Kilchevsky A. V.
Published: September 2018

As a component of functional nutrition, maize cultivars with “non-traditional” kernel composition (waxy, oilbearing, sugar, opaque, etc. phenotypic variants) are promising. Mutations in the waxy gene, which break down the structure and function of the enzyme for amylose biosynthesis, lead to a waxy (with a high content of amylopectin) endosperm formation. High variability of the waxy gene limits the use of microsatellite loci in marker associated selection of waxy maize genotypes. The increased frequency of gene rearrangements within the waxy locus facilitated the origination of many high-amylopectin corn lines carrying different SSR allelic variants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using waxy locus microsatellite sequences for identification and labeling of waxy maize genotypes. To this end, a complex of biochemical (calorimetry, bichromate method), molecular-genetic (SSR-PCR, capillary gel electrophoresis with fluorescent detection of fragments) and statistical (descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, χ2) analysis methods was used. Plant material used were 33 samples of corn kernels including mutant forms with a high content of amylose, amylopectin, short-chain starches, were kindly provided by VIR genetic collection (Russian Federation) and Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center (USA). The contents of starch, short-chain soluble carbohydrates, amylose, amylopectin in the grain of 33 maize samples were evaluated. Compositionally similar (to endosperm carbohydrates content) groups of samples were identified. They include 13 high-amylopectin samples carriers of waxy (wx) gene mutations and 20 samples with wild-type character (Wx). Molecular genetic screening of the collection included an analysis of the polymorphism of the microsatellite loci phi022, phi027, phi061 associated with the waxy gene sequence. Allelic composition of individual loci and their combinations were analyzed in relation to the accumulation of reserve carbohydrates in the kernel endosperm. Only the analysis of the phi022/phi027 combination or all three markers in the complex allows differentiating the wild Wx and mutant wx phenotypes of maize. It was shown that not the individual allelic polymorphisms of the phi022, phi027, phi061 loci are efficient for the markerassociated selection of high-amylopectin maize, but their unique combinations.
Ethylene and expansin biosynthesis related genes polymorphism in local apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars from VIR Collection of plant genetic resources
Authors: Shamshin I. N. , Shlyavas A. V. , Trifonova A. A. , Boris K. V. , Kudryavtsev A. M.
Published: September 2018

At Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) a diverse collec tion of local apple cultivars is maintained. Some of the cultivars are widely used in breeding programs for their ecological plasticity, increased adaptation to abiotic stress and disease resistance, still there have been no large-scale studies of these local cultivars for fruit storage ability. Fruit softening during storage is an important problem for apple production. Retention of desirable firmness after prolonged storage is one of the key requirements for new apple cultivars. Expansin and ethy lene biosynthesis related genes are known to be involved in control of fruit softening in apple, and gene specific molecular markers have been reported. In this study the polymorphism and allelic configuration of ethylene and expansin biosynthesis related genes Md-ACS1, Md-ACO1 and Md-Exp7 involved in control of fruit softening in 87 local apple cultivars from VIR Collection of Plant Genetic Resources were analyzed. PCR markers Md-ACS1, Md-ACO1 and SSR-marker Md-Exp7 were used in the study. The allele frequencies in the collection generally coincided with the data from previous studies. Md-ACS1 allele 2 associated with reduced ethylene production was found only in three local cultivars, while all the studied local cultivars were heterozygous for the Md-ACO1 locus, as well as most modern Russian apple cultivars. Half of the studied local cultivars were heterozygous for Md-Exp7 (198 : 202). Thirteen local cultivars with rare Md-Exp7 alleles (206, 210 and 212) were detected. No association was found between the Md-Exp7 genotype and the cultivars’ maturation time. The obtained results can be used for additional evaluation of the cultivars’ potential for breeding.
Aplicabilidade do custeio baseado em atividades: um estudo em hospitais filantrópicos do município de São Paulo
Authors: Neto José Olimpio Cardoso , Junior Antonio Robles , Marion Jose Carlos , Santos Luciano Aparecido dos
Published: September 2018

A gestão de custos é de grande relevância para as instituições que ofertam serviços médico-hospitalares, pois possibilita aos administradores uma visão adequada dos recursos necessários à geração de rendimentos indispensáveis à sua sobrevivência e crescimento. Existem diversas metodologias de custeio que podem ser aplicadas nas organizações hospitalares, porém um grande desafio está relacionado à maneira pela qual os custos indiretos são apropriados aos serviços hospitalares. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar, descrever e analisar a aplicabilidade do custeio baseado em atividades em hospitais filantrópicos da cidade de São Paulo. Para tanto, buscou-se informações da realidade prática vivida pelos hospitais. Foram realizadas entrevistas com gestores de hospitais e aplicação de questionário, objetivando entender a gestão dos recursos disponíveis pelos hospitais. Através desse estudo, verificou-se que algumas dessas organizações entendem a necessidade de aplicação dessa metodologia de custeio para subsidiar as decisões tomadas por seus gestores, outras entendem a necessidade de melhoria na mensuração de seus custos, mas acreditam que existe a necessidade de grandes mudanças em suas estruturas. Chegou-se à conclusão que o custeio baseado em atividades traz benefícios para as organizações hospitalares, contribuindo, de forma positiva, para melhorias nos resultados, ao indicar eliminação de atividades desenvolvidas que não geram valor e que podem ser eliminadas, sem causarem prejuízos no atendimento aos pacientes dos hospitais.
Developing a Mobile App for Learning English Vocabulary in an Open Distance Learning Context
Authors: Makoe Mpine , Shandu Thulile
Published: September 2018

Academic success depends on the comprehension of a language, which is linked to vocabulary learning. Many distance students in South Africa find it difficult to comprehend learning in a language other than their mother tongue. Finding effective strategies for enhancing English vocabulary of university students amidst the spatial, temporal, and pedagogic distance associated with Open Distance Learning (ODL) practices remains a challenge. To address the need for enhancing vocabulary development, mobile application systems (apps) were explored as the best vehicle for the delivery of the vocabulary learning. Mobile learning technologies are ideal in the ODL context because they are flexible, accessible, available, and cater for a myriad of interaction activities. The purpose of the study is to design and implement a mobile-based application aimed at enhancing English vocabulary teaching and learning.  Using the Design-Based Research methodology, this study maps the steps taken to develop a vocabulary learning mobile app named VocUp; it describes the architecture, user interface, features of VocUp, and advocates for contextually-conscious and learning-driven app development.
Particle Creation and Annihilation: Two Bohmian Approaches
Authors: Oldofredi Andrea
Published: September 2018

This paper reviews and discusses two extensions of Bohmian Mechanics to the phenomena of particle creation and annihilation typically observed in Quantum Field Theory (QFT): the so-called Bell-type Quantum Field Theory and the Dirac Sea representation. These theories have a secure metaphysical basis as they postulate a particle ontology while satisfying the requirements imposed by the Primitive Ontology approach to quantum physics. Furthermore, their methodological perspective intentionally provides a set of rules to immunize physical theories to the conceptual and technical problems plaguing the standard formulation of Quantum Mechanics and QFT. A metaphysical analysis of both theories will be given, emphasizing the relevant features of each proposal. Finally, it will be acknowledged that, despite the metaphysical virtues and niceties of these frameworks, ultimately they do not provide definitive answers to other cogent foundational issues in QFT. Thus, these theories (as well as the other Bohmian extensions to QFT) should be considered as partial solutions to the problems raised by the quantum theory of fields. This situation can be considered incentive for further research.
Re-modelling scientific change: complex systems frames innovative problem solving
Authors: Hooker Cliff
Published: September 2018

Complex systems are used, studied and instantiated in science, with what consequences? To be clear and systematic in response it is necessary to distinguish the consequences, (i) for science, of science using and studying complex systems, (ii) for philosophy of science, of science using and studying complex systems, (iii) for philosophy of science, of philosophy of science modelling science as a complex system. Each of these is explored in turn, especially (iii). While (iii) has been least studied, it will be shown how modelling science as a complex process may change our conception of science and thereby query what a philosophy of science adequate to this complexity might look like.
La révolution paléobiologique a-t-elle eu lieu en paléoanthropologie ?
Authors: Lequin Mathilde
Published: September 2018

La paléontologie a connu au cours du XXe siècle une « révolution paléobiologique » (Sepkoski et Ruse, 2009), en se constituant comme science théorique et intégrée à la biologie de l’évolution. Si l’histoire de la paléoanthropologie reflète un tournant similaire, la révolution paléobiologique reste, à plusieurs égards, inachevée dans cette discipline. Cet article analyse les causes de cet inachèvement, en identifiant des limites empiriques, relatives aux particularités du registre fossile de la paléoanthropologie, mais aussi des limites épistémologiques, rapportées à différentes conceptions de la paléobiologie en jeu dans cette discipline. Nous montrons enfin qu’il est nécessaire de prendre en considération la spécificité anthropologique de la discipline pour apprécier la particularité du tournant paléobiologique dans le champ de l’évolution humaine.
Effects of Polymer Matrices and Carbon Nanotubes on the Generation of Electric Energy in a Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Plekhanova Yulia , Tarasov Sergey , Kolesov Vladimir , Kuznetsova Iren , Signore Maria , Quaranta Fabio , Reshetilov Anatoly
Published: September 2018

The anode of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) was formed on a graphite electrode and immobilized Gluconobacter oxydans VKM-1280 bacterial cells. Immobilization was performed in chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol) or N-vinylpyrrolidone-modified poly(vinyl alcohol). Ethanol was used as substrate. The anode was modified using multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The aim of the modification was to create a conductive network between cell lipid membranes, containing exposed PQQ-dependent alcoholdehydrogenases, and the electrode to facilitate electron transfer in the system. The bioelectrochemical characteristics of modified anodes at various cell/polymer ratios were assessed via current density, power density, polarization curves and impedance spectres. MFCs based on chitosan at a matrix/cell volume ratio of 5:1 produced maximal power characteristics of the system (8.3 μW/cm2) at a minimal resistance (1111 Ohm cm2). Modification of the anode by multiwalled carbon nanotubes led to a slight decrease of internal resistance (down to 1078 Ohm cm2) and to an increase of generated power density up to 10.6 μW/cm2. We explored the possibility of accumulating electric energy from an MFC on a 6,800-μF capacitor via a boost converter. Generated voltage was increased from 0.3 V up to 3.2 V. Accumulated energy was used to power a Clark-type biosensor and a bluetooth transmitter with three sensors, a miniature electric motor and a light-emitting diode.
SVDB: a Comprehensive Domain Specific Database of Snake Venom Toxins Generated Through NCBI
Authors: Hossain Md. , Haque Ataul , Mazid Sayeda , Khan Abira , Ullah Tomalika , Rumee Sarker , Jesmin J
Published: September 2018

Venoms that drip from the fangs of snakes are incredibly complex chemical cocktails of compounds, with different proteins and enzymes, including a large variety of toxins like myotoxins, cardiotoxins, hemotoxins, and neurotoxins and their countless combinations. In addition to their use in the treatment of snake bites in humans, they have numerous therapeutic and medicinal applications. Potential use of snake venom includes excessive bleeding, stroke, neurological disorders, cancer, diabetes and aging. Therefore, a proper understanding of snake venom toxin and facilitating their use is of utmost importance. In this paper, we describe a novel database, called SVDB, for storage, dissemination and analysis of snake venom and toxins related information. SVDB has autonomous links to NCBI databases to pull relevant information both on-demand and asynchronous ways to facilitate data integration. SVDB includes authentic, non-redundant, up-to-date scientific information on literature, sequences, structures, small molecules, taxonomy and many more. SVDB portal also provides external links to tools like BLAST, CLUSTAL, Swiss-model, phylogeny and other toxin related resources. The architecture of SVDB information fetching, linking and structuring is unique and can be implemented to any domain specific generic data collection pipeline through the NCBI. The database is publicly available at https://www.snakevenomdb.org.
Universality in Glass Transitions
Authors: Tsekov Roumen , Spassov Tony
Published: September 2018

The Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann equation is exposed as a particular example of the mean field theory. It is generalized by taking into account an arbitrary critical exponent of susceptibility, discriminating between different classes of universality. The Bell-Evans-Polanyi principle is employed to estimate the difference between the activation energies of flows in crystals and glasses, which appears to coincide with the excess Gibbs energy of the glass compared to the crystal.
Microwave Assisted Novel Efficient Pd-free Catalyst for Suzuki C-C Coupling Reaction
Authors: Alzhrani Ghalia , Ahmed Nesreen , Aazam Elham , Mokhtar Mohamed
Published: September 2018

Suzuki cross-coupling reaction has developed one of the furthermost effectual approaches for the synthesis of biaryls or substituted aromatic moieties from aryl halides and arylboronic acids with a palladium-catalyst in the past two era’s. Herein, Pd-free layered double hydroxide containing nickel catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method under ultrasonic irradiation and N2 atmosphere with different molar ratios of Ni: Mg: Al and coded as (1NiLDHs-Dr), (1.5NiLDHs-Dr) and (2NiLDHs-Dr). A series of reduced catalysts under 5%H2/N2 at different temperatures were coded as 1NiLDHs-R200, 1.5NiLDHs-R200 and 2NiLDHs-R200. As-synthesized 2NiLDHs-Dr was the superlative catalyst when coupling different aryl halides with different boronic acids derivatives. Deep investigation of all catalysts was done using different techniques such as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) connected with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) and N2-physisorption at -196 ℃. The results attained verified that ɑ-Ni(OH)2 was fashioned for 2NiLDHs-Dr catalyst and the enclosure of nickel ions in the cationic sheet of layered structure were responsible for the fascinating catalytic efficacy rather than the basic nature of material. The Ni-containing LDHs catalysts encourage forthcoming studies in Pd-free catalyzed C-C coupling reactions.
The Fast Cooking and Enhanced Iron Bioavailability Properties of the Manteca Yellow Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Wiesinger Jason , Cichy Karen , Tako Elad , Glahn Raymond
Published: September 2018

The common dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a nutrient dense food produced globally as a major pulse crop for direct human consumption, and is an important source of protein and micronutrients for hundreds of millions of people across Latin America, the Caribbean and Sub-Saharan Africa. Beans require large amounts of heat energy and time to cook, deterring consumers worldwide from purchasing beans. In regions where consumers rely on expensive fuelwood for food preparation, the yellow bean is often marketed as fast cooking. A Yellow Bean Panel (YBP) was assembled to explore the cooking time and health benefits of the five major seed types within the yellow bean market class (Amarillo, Canary, Manteca, Mayocoba, Njano) over two field seasons. This study shows how the Manteca yellow bean possess a fast cooking phenotype, which could serve a genetic resource for introducing fast cooking properties into a new generation of dry beans with cooking times < 20 minutes when pre-soaked and < 80 minutes unsoaked. Nutritional evaluation revealed fast cooking yellow beans have high iron retention (>80%) after boiling. An in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture bioassay revealed a strong negative association between cooking time and iron bioavailability in the YBP (r values > -0.73). When either pre-soaked or left unsoaked the highest iron bioavailability scores were measured in the fast cooking Manteca genotypes providing evidence that this yellow market class is worthy of germplasm enhancement through the added benefit of improved iron quality after cooking.
New “Smart” Systems for Atmospheric Aerosol and Reactive Gas Sampling in Ambient Air
Authors: Cristofanelli Paolo , Busetto Maurizio , Ronchi Enrico , Miatto Paolo , Marinoni Angela , Calzolari Francescopiero , Bonasoni Paolo , Tagliafico Luca
Published: September 2018

Nowadays a recognized need for accurate observations of atmospheric aerosols (AEs) and reactive gases (RGs) exists in the framework of regional, national and global near-surface networks based on permanent or mobile measurement stations. In this context, a paramount and not-trivial issue is related to the correct execution of continuous sampling of ambient air and its subsequent distribution to measurement analyzers hosted inside the stations. Sampling artifacts must be minimized for obtaining reliable pictures of ambient air composition. To respond to this need, a suite of novel “smart” and relatively low-cost systems for the continuous sampling of ambient air was developed in the framework of the Project I-AMICA (2012 – 2015, www.i-amica.eu). These systems were designed to execute AE and RG measurements according with WMO/GAW and ACTRIS recommendations and standard operation procedures. A particular attention was dedicated to the stabilization and control of the sampling flow rates and temperatures. The analysis of one full year of operations at the WMO/GAW regional station of Capo Granitola (GAW ID: CGR, Italy), allowed to conclude that these systems are effective in meeting the technical requirements for correct execution of AE and RG measurements
Effective Null Raychaudhuri Equation
Authors: Pesci Alessandro
Published: September 2018

The effects on Raychaudhuri's equation of an intrinsically discrete or particle nature of spacetime are investigated, through consideration of null congruences emerging from, or converging to, a generic point of spacetime, i.e. in geometric circumstances somehow prototypical of singularity issues. This is done from an effective point of view, meaning through a (continuous) description of spacetime modified to embody the existence of an intrinsic discreteness on the small scale, adding to previous results for non-null congruences. Various expressions for the effective rate of change of expansion are derived. They in particular provide finite values for the limiting effective expansion and its rate of variation when approaching the focal point; this on top of resulting non vanishing the limiting cross-sectional area itself of the congruence.