bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dampak Perubahan Sosial Petani Padi Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Pertanian Di Kabupaten Banggai
Authors: Yodfiatfinda Yodfiatfinda
Published: February 2019

Dampak Perubahan Sosial Petani Padi Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Pertanian Di Kabupaten Banggai Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa perubahan sosial kehidupan petani padi sawah dan pengaruhnya terhadap suplai tenaga kerja pertanian di Kabupaten Banggai Sulawesi Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner terstruktur dan wawancara mendalam dengan responden untuk mendapatkan data primer, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari publikasi BPS dan dari dinas terkait. Data primer terdiri dari; (1) data input-output usahatani padi sawah, (2) data upah pertanian dan non pertanian, dan (3) data harga input produksi, harga output dan harga barang konsumsi yang dibayar petani.Sebanyak 78 persen responden menyatakan bahwa pelaksanaan pembangunan eksploitasi migas Blok Senoro dan pembangunan kilang LNG Donggi-Senoro di wilayah Kabupaten Banggai membawa perubahan pada kehidupan sosial penduduk sekitar. Perubahan tersebut meliputi pola konsumsi (akibat kenaikan harga barang), peluang pekerjaan, minat untuk melanjutkan pendidikan dan besaran upah harian, Kenaikan harga kebutuhan pokok (pangan, pakaian dan perumahan) mencapai 20% sedangkan kenaikan upah buruh mencapai 10-15%. Kenaikan harga-harga kebutuhan telah menekan NTP di daerah studi dan secara tidak langsung mengurangi suplai tenaga kerja pertanian padi sawah. Kata Kunci: Perubahan Sosial, Petani Padi, Kabupaten Banggai, Suplai Tenaga Kerja Social Change Impact Of Farmers On Labor In The Banggai Abstract This paper aims to analyze sosial change of rice farmers and their effects on the labor supply of agriculture in the Banggai Regency, the Central Sulawesi Province. The method used is interview by using structured questionnaires toobtain primary data. While, the secondary data were obtained from published data of the relevant agencies. Primary data consists of: (1) input-output data of paddy rice farming, (2) the data of agricultural and non-agricultural wage, and (3) data of output prices and prices of consumer goods paid by farmer. As many as 78 percent of respondents stated that the implementation of development of oil and gas exploitation projects of Senoro Block and Donggi-Senoro LNG plant in the Banggai Regency fuel social changes in the surrounding communities. These changes include consumption patterns (due to rising prices of goods), employment opportunities, interest in continuing education and daily wage, increase in prices of basic needs (food, clothing and housing) has been pressed the NTP (Farmers Value Change) in the study area. Keywords: Social Change, Farmers Rice, the Banggai Regency, Supply of Labor
PENGELOLAAN MODAL KERJA PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Margaretha Farah , Hapsari Arianti Dwi
Published: February 2019

PENGELOLAAN MODAL KERJA PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI INDONESIA Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memprediksi tingkat modal kerja perusahaan UKM dalam menghasilkan laba. Desain penelitian ini berlaku pada perusahaan banyak UKM yang tergabung dalam PEFINDO 25 dan tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang telah terdaftar 2009-2013. Analisis data menggunakan metode pengukuran purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel untuk melihat kontribusi setiap variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada tiga variabel memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap ROA yaitu: periode perputaran persediaan, periode pengumpulan piutang, siklus konversi kas memiliki dampak negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, sedangkan periode penangguhan hutang tidak memiliki pengaruh besar dalam mencapai keuntungan dalam perusahaan UKM yang terdaftar di index PEFINDO. Kontribusi studi ini bagi manajemen perusahaan harus mampu mengelola modal kerja secara efektif dan efisien untuk menghasilkan keuntungan yang tinggi. Kata Kunci : return on assets (ROA), inventory holding period, account receivables period, account payables period, cash conversion cycle. Abstract The objective of this research is to predict level of working capital the SME‘s company is in generating profit. The design of this research applies on many SME‘s company which joined in PEFINDO 25 and listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange which have been listed from 2009 to 2013. Data analysis applied measuring method on purposive sampling. This study uses panel data regression method to see the contribution of each variable. The results of research indicated that there are three variables have a significant impact on ROA that are the inventory holding period, accounts receivables period, cash conversion cycle has a negative and significant impact on profitability, while accounts payable period does not have a major influence in achieving gains in SME companies listed in PEFINDO. Implications for the management of the company‘s must be able to manage its working capital effectively and efficiently to produce high profits. Keywords : return on assets (ROA), inventory holding period, account receivables period, account payables period, cash conversion cycle.
PENGARUH KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KETERIKATAN KARYAWAN
Authors: Hakim Rahman , Bross Noverdi
Published: February 2019

PENGARUH KUALITAS KEHIDUPAN KERJA DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KETERIKATAN KARYAWAN Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Quality of work life (kualitas kehidupan kerja) dan Organization Culture (budaya organisasi) secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap Employee Engagement (keterikatan karyawan) pada PT Sucofindo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah Explanatory Survei Method. Penjelasan hubungan antar variabel diuji dan dianalisis dengan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 356 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Quality work of life signifikan mempengaruhi Employee Engagement, variabel Organization Culture signifikan mempengaruhi Quality work of life dan Organization Culture signifikan mempengaruhi Employee Engagement di PT. Sucofindo. Sementara Quality of Work Life mempunyai pengaruh langsung 28 % terhadap variabel Employee Engagement, variabel Organizational Culture mempengaruhi secara langsung sebesar 24 % dan secara tidak langsung sebesar 66 % terhadap variabel Employee Engagement seehingga Total pengaruh (total effect) variabel Organizational Culture adalah sebesar 42 %. Berdasarkan penelitian, dikemukakan beberapa saran untuk meningkatkan Employee Engagement di PT Sucofindo dengan memberikan intervensi dari faktor budaya organisasi dan kualitas kehidupan kerja karyawan. Kata Kunci : Quality work of life. Organization Culture, Employee Engagement Effect of Quality of Work Life and Culture Organization Against Employee Engagement (Case Study PT Sucofindo ) Abstract The results of this thesis show that the Quality work of life (quality of working life) significantly affect the Employee Engagement (Attachment Employees), variable Organization Culture (Cultural organization) significantly affects Quality work of life (quality of working life) and Organization Culture (Cultural organization) significantly affect Employee Engagement (Employee Engagement) at PT. Sucofindo. While the Quality of Work Life (quality of working life) have direct influence 28% of the variable Employee Engagement (employee engagement), variable Organizational Culture (cultural organizations) influence directly 24% and indirectly 66% of the variable Employee Engagement (attachment employees). Total effect (total effect) in this study was 42%. Some of the suggestions put forward in this thesis, for the management of PT Sucofindo to improve employee engagement in PT Sucofindo by giving the intervention of factors organizational culture and quality of working life of employees. Keywords: Quality work of life. Organization Culture, Employee Engagement
Welcoming International and Foreign Students in Canada: Friendly Relations with Overseas Students (fros) at the University of Toronto, 1951–68
Authors: Poitras Daniel
Published: February 2019

One organization particularly dedicated to the understanding and well-being of foreign students in Canada was Friendly Relations with Overseas Students (fros). Active during the 1950s and 1960s, fros became a symbol for Canada to assert its openness and distinctiveness in North America. As an organization focused on counselling, accommodating, and, to some extent, integrating foreign students, fros also built bridges between Canada and the rest of the world. The experience of fros members thus allows us to both deepen our understanding of foreign students’ agency and of the meaning and importance of their transnational experience for both themselves and Canada. In this article, I concentrate on the narrative about cultural exchange forged at fros by both its personnel and students. I propose that what I call the “fros narrative” was a discourse about the integration of foreign students on the University of Toronto’s campus and in the larger Canadian society. It promoted intercultural connections and a form of globalism. It also had a transformative and even redemptive dimension, as it aimed to change people’s worldviews and self-conceptions by abolishing ethnic prejudices.
Ramsay Cook: A Life in History
Authors: Wright Donald , Kealey Gregory S. , Iacovetta Franca , Perry Adele , Fraser Robert L.
Published: February 2019

Ramsay Cook (1931–2016) was a respected scholar and a much-loved friend whose scholarship and graduate supervision helped a new generation of historians rewrite the history of Canada. To mark his life and career, the Canadian Historical Association hosted a round table at its 2017 annual meeting which provided the basis for the short essays in this “Life in History” section dedicated to Cook. Donald Wright uses Barker Fairley’s portrait of a young Ramsay Cook as a starting point to consider his career and its animating themes. As an undergraduate at the University of Toronto in the late 1960s, Greg Kealey studied with Cook; a few years later, he and Cook discovered a shared interest in the radical Toronto journalist Phillips Thompson, also known as Jimuel Briggs. One of “Ramsay’s girls,” Franca Iacovetta remembers a generous doctoral thesis supervisor who took an active interest in not only her scholarship but the scholarship of a number of feminist historians. Strictly speaking, Adele Perry was not Cook’s doctoral student, but as a graduate student at York University, she appreciated his capacious understanding of Canadian history and his intellectual commitment to historical analysis unhooked from the yoke of nationalism. Robert Fraser was neither Cook’s student nor his university colleague, but he worked closely with him at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography (dcb) and came to admire his leadership and his commitment to scholarship during a difficult moment in the dcb’s history.
Socio-demographic differences in financial strain and satisfaction in the Canadian Armed Forces
Authors: Peach Jennifer M.
Published: February 2019

Introduction: This study examines socio-demographic differences in financial strain and financial satisfaction. The life-cycle model of consumption and savings suggests that individuals make less money when they have the most financial responsibilities. It was expected that socio-demographic factors would predict financial strain and satisfaction. Methods: Results from a stratified random sample ( N = 1, 887) of Regular Force members in the Canadian Armed Forces who completed the Military Member/Family Finance Survey (2017) were examined to test whether age, marital status, dependents, sex, rank, and education predicted financial strain and financial satisfaction, both independently and when controlling for family income, using step-wise regression. Results: Members reported higher financial strain and lower financial satisfaction if they had dependents and lower rank; this held when controlling for family income. Separated individuals reported lower financial satisfaction, and women reported higher financial satisfaction than men, although these differences were not significant when controlling for other socio-demographic variables. Discussion: This study replicates US military findings: lower-ranking individuals experience the most financial strain and lowest financial satisfaction, even when controlling for income, age, marital status, and dependents. When women and men were paid equally, women reported higher financial satisfaction, although this was not significant when controlling for other variables. To understand financial strain, militaries and other organizations should focus on those with less power in the organization and those at more vulnerable points in their life cycle (e.g., those who have dependents). Organizations can provide financial counselling to members, ensuring it is targeted to members’ life stage.
The impact of financial satisfaction on well-being of Canadian military members
Authors: Wan Cynthia , Berlinguette M. Katharine , Skomorovsky Alla
Published: February 2019

Introduction: The ability to attain financial satisfaction is becoming progressively difficult due to increasing living standards, costs, and accruement of debt. Military members are arguably at greater risk of being dissatisfied with their current financial situation and suffering from financial strain and psychological distress due to the demands of a military lifestyle. Methods: The present study aimed to explore the predictive relationships between financial satisfaction and daily coping ability on two facets of well-being – life satisfaction and psychological distress – among Canadian military personnel. Results: The hierarchical regression results demonstrated that financial satisfaction was a significant predictor of life satisfaction and psychological distress. Moreover, daily coping ability played a vital role in improving participants’ life satisfaction and reducing psychological distress, above and beyond the positive impact of financial satisfaction. Discussion: The qualitative difference between the predictors and outcome variables as well as directions for future research are discussed.
Will my pension be enough? Bridge employment intentions of Canadian Armed Forces members
Authors: Daté Anjali , Berlinguette M. Katharine
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Although retirement planning in the general public has been well studied, there is little such research regarding Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) members. Prior research indicates that despite a strong pension plan, CAF Veterans often continue to work upon retiring but experience a drop in earnings compared with their military salaries. Methods: This study used a sub-sample from the Military Member/Family Finances Survey, conducted in spring 2017, including only CAF members with 16 or more years of experience and who would be eligible for their full pensions in the next 5 years or less ( n = 873). Results: It was found that approximately one-third of the CAF members surveyed were not certain of what their pension was worth at the time of the survey or would be worth upon retirement. Furthermore, over half the respondents indicated intentions to work after retirement from the CAF. Significant differences were found by sex and rank regarding both pension planning and intentions to work after retirement: female members and junior non-commissioned members appeared less knowledgeable of their pensions. Discussion: More targeted information sessions may be required for women and members of lower ranks in the CAF to support better post-release outcomes. Of the personnel intending to work after retirement, many showed no interest in earning as much money as they had with the CAF. This indicates that the previously identified drop in income for CAF Veterans may be intentional, as members may prefer less responsibility upon leaving the CAF.
AAVMC Internship Program Guidelines 2018
Authors: Lunn D. Paul , Fingland Roger B. , Goldstein Richard , Mashima Ted Y. , McLaughlin Ron , Nelson Laura L. , Roth Ira G. , Sweeney Corinne R. , Zimmel Dana
Published: February 2019

Veterinary internships are common 1-year post-graduate clinical training programs that are offered both at veterinary colleges and in private practice settings. To promote the quality of these training programs, the American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC) charged a working group to develop these internship guidelines, which were approved by the AAVMC in 2018 and have also been endorsed by the American Association of Veterinary Clinicians. These guidelines are intended to be applicable to all internships, in both academic and private practice settings, and they place particular emphasis on three aspects of internship training programs: competency-based education, intern well-being, and program outcome.
Mental Health Experiences and Service Use Among Veterinary Medical Students
Authors: Karaffa Kerry M. , Hancock Tamara S.
Published: February 2019

The mental health and wellness of veterinary students is an important contemporary focus of scholarship. Yet, to date, little empirical work has investigated mental health experiences and rates of mental health service use in large samples of veterinary students from multiple institutions. The purpose of this study is to explore the prevalence of mental health concerns among veterinary medical students, as well as rates of mental health service utilization, using validated measures and a large sample. Study participants were 573 veterinary medical students currently enrolled in accredited veterinary medical programs in the United States. Approximately one third of participants reported levels of depression or anxiety above the clinical cut-off, and a strong positive correlation was found between the two. Depression and anxiety were also associated with prior engagement in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), suicidal ideation, and prior suicide attempts. Nearly 80% of participants who scored above the clinical cut-off for depression or anxiety reported seeking some form of mental health services currently or in the past, and a majority reported having positive experiences with services. Results also indicated a higher than typical rate of NSSI among veterinary medical students. Implications for outreach, research, and education are discussed.
Noticias 2010
Authors: Castrillón Vizcarra Alfonso
Published: February 2019

Actividades realizadas en el 2010
A real-time optimal inverse planning for Gamma Knife radiosurgery by convex optimization: description of the system and first dosimetry data
Authors: Levivier Marc , Carrillo Rafael E. , Charrier Rémi , Martin André , Thiran Jean-Philippe
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE

The authors developed a new, real-time interactive inverse planning approach, based on a fully convex framework, to be used for Gamma Knife radiosurgery.

METHODS

The convex framework is based on the precomputation of a dictionary composed of the individual dose distributions of all possible shots, considering all their possible locations, sizes, and shapes inside the target volume. The convex problem is solved to determine the plan, i.e., which shots and with which weights, that will actually be used, considering a sparsity constraint on the shots to fulfill the constraints while minimizing the beam-on time. The system is called IntuitivePlan and allows data to be transferred from generated dose plans into the Gamma Knife treatment planning software for further dosimetry evaluation.

RESULTS

The system has been very efficiently implemented, and an optimal plan is usually obtained in less than 1 to 2 minutes, depending on the complexity of the problem, on a desktop computer or in only a few minutes on a high-end laptop. Dosimetry data from 5 cases, 2 meningiomas and 3 vestibular schwannomas, were generated with IntuitivePlan. Results of evaluation of the dosimetry characteristics are very satisfactory and adequate in terms of conformity, selectivity, gradient, protection of organs at risk, and treatment time.

CONCLUSIONS

The possibility of using optimal, interactive real-time inverse planning in conjunction with the Leksell Gamma Knife opens new perspectives in radiosurgery, especially considering the potential use of the full capabilities of the latest generations of the Leksell Gamma Knife. This approach gives new users the possibility of using the system for easier and quicker access to good-quality plans with a shorter technical training period and opens avenues for new planning strategies for expert users. The use of a convex optimization approach allows an optimal plan to be provided in a very short processing time. This way, innovative graphical user interfaces can be developed, allowing the user to interact directly with the planning system to graphically define the desired dose map and to modify on-the-fly the dose map by moving, in a very user-friendly manner, the isodose surfaces of an initial plan. Further independent quantitative prospective evaluation comparing inverse planned and forward planned cases is warranted to validate this novel and promising treatment planning approach.
Hypopituitarism after Gamma Knife surgery for postoperative nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma
Authors: Oh Ji Woong , Sung Kyoung Su , Moon Ju Hyung , Kim Eui Hyun , Chang Won Seok , Jung Hyun Ho , Chang Jin Woo , Park Yong Gou , Kim Sun Ho , Chang Jong Hee
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated long-term follow-up data on the combined pituitary function test (CPFT) in patients who had undergone transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) for nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma (NFPA) to determine the clinical parameters indicative of hypopituitarism following postoperative Gamma Knife surgery (GKS).

METHODS

Between 2001 and 2015, a total of 971 NFPA patients underwent TSS, and 76 of them (7.8%) underwent postoperative GKS. All 76 patients were evaluated with a CPFT before and after GKS. The hormonal states were analyzed based on the following parameters: relevant factors before GKS (age, sex, extent of resection, pre-GKS hormonal states, time interval between TSS and GKS), GKS-related factors (tumor volume; radiation dose to tumor, pituitary stalk, and normal gland; distance between tumor and stalk), and clinical outcomes (tumor control rate, changes in hormonal states, need for hormone-related medication due to hormonal changes).

RESULTS

Of the 971 NFPA patients, 797 had gross-total resection (GTR) and 174 had subtotal resection (STR). Twenty-five GTR patients (3.1%) and 51 STR patients (29.3%) underwent GKS. The average follow-up period after GKS was 53.5 ± 35.5 months, and the tumor control rate was 96%. Of the 76 patients who underwent GKS, 23 were excluded due to pre-GKS panhypopituitarism (22) or loss to follow-up (1). Hypopituitarism developed in 13 (24.5%) of the remaining 53 patients after GKS. A higher incidence of post-GKS hypopituitarism occurred in the patients with normal pre-GKS hormonal states (41.7%, 10/24) than in the patients with abnormal pre-GKS hormonal states (10.3%, 3/29; p = 0.024). Target tumor volume (4.7 ± 3.9 cm3), distance between tumor and pituitary stalk (2.0 ± 2.2 mm), stalk dose (cutoffs: mean dose 7.56 Gy, maximal dose 12.3 Gy), and normal gland dose (cutoffs: maximal dose 13.9 Gy, minimal dose 5.25 Gy) were factors predictive of post-GKS hypopituitarism (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

This study analyzed the long-term follow-up CPFT data on hormonal changes in NFPA patients who underwent GKS after TSS. The authors propose a cutoff value for the radiation dose to the pituitary stalk and normal gland for the prevention of post-GKS hypopituitarism.
Volume-staged Gamma Knife radiosurgery for orbital venous malformations
Authors: Liu Dong , Li Yanhe , Zhang Yipei , Zhang Zhiyuan , Song Guoxiang , Xu Desheng
Published: February 2019

OBJECTIVE

This article is a preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of volume-staged Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) in the treatment of patients with orbital venous malformations (OVMs).

METHODS

Twenty patients with moderate to large OVMs were treated with volume-staged GKRS between March 2005 and October 2015. The series included 8 male and 12 female patients with an average age of 22.5 years (range 9–45 years). The diagnoses were confirmed intraoperatively and at pathological examination in 14 cases and presumed in accordance with clinical and imaging findings in 6 cases. The median OVM volume was 12.2 cm3 (range 7.1–34.6 cm3). The median interval between stages was 10 months (range 6–12 months). The tumor margin dose for each stage ranged from 11.0 to 13.5 Gy. The median duration of follow-up was 45.5 months (range 18–98 months).

RESULTS

Periodically scheduled MRI studies demonstrated evidence of a significant reduction of the original OVM volume in all cases. Visual acuity (VA) was preserved in 18 cases (90%). Five patients (25%) experienced vision improvement of varying degrees, and 13 (65%) experienced long-term preservation of VA at their pre-GKRS level. Deterioration in VA was observed in only 2 cases (10%). MRI demonstrated OVM regression after treatment in all cases, and all patients were found to have reduction of exophthalmos after volume-staged GKRS. Follow-up MRI revealed recurrence in only 1 case (5%). Three patients (15%) developed transient conjunctival edema.

CONCLUSIONS

This retrospective investigation indicates that volume-staged GKRS provides an effective management option in selected patients with OVMs, providing excellent visual outcomes. The study adds substantial support for volume-staged GKRS as a major treatment for OVMs.
Distortion in magnetic resonance images obtained for stereotactic localization
Authors: Walton Lee , Hampshire Anna , Vaughan Paul , Forster David M. C. , Kemeny Andras A. , Radatz Matthias W. R.
Published: February 2019

✓ The purpose of this paper was to note a potential source of error in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Magnetic resonance images were acquired for stereotactic planning for GKS of a vestibular schwannoma in a female patient. The images were acquired using three-dimensional sequence, which has been shown to produce minimal distortion effects.

The images were transferred to the planning workstation, but the coronal images were rejected.

By examination of the raw data and reconstruction of sagittal images through the localizer side plate, it was clearly seen that the image of the square localizer system was grossly distorted.

The patient was returned to the MR imager for further studies and a metal clasp on her brassiere was identified as the cause of the distortion.
Image registration and calculation of a biologically effective dose for multisession radiosurgical treatments
Authors: Knisely Jonathan P. , Bond James E. , Yue Ning J. , Studholme Colin , de Lotbinière Alain C. J.
Published: February 2019

✓ The purpose of this study was to develop techniques for registering image sets associated with staged or multifraction radiosurgical treatments of large targets with the Leksell gamma knife to transform shot coordinates between treatment sessions and produce cumulative dose distributions and to investigate the theoretical biological effects of such protracted treatments by means of such concepts as the linear—quadratic model and biologically effective dose.

An image registration technique based on normalized mutual information was adapted to produce one fused-image study from an imaging series acquired during distinct treatment sessions. A spreadsheet computer program was developed to determine coordinate transformations between the associated stereotactic coordinate systems based on digitized coordinates of fiducial markers appearing on the fused images. Coordinates of shots used during one treatment session could then be transformed to the stereotactic space of another session, and cumulative dose distributions could be computed. The procedure was applied to the two-stage treatment of a giant arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Overall uncertainty in each transformed shot position is approximately 0.7 mm.

An effective single-fraction dose (Deff) was defined and computed for the two-stage AVM treatment. The simple summed dose distribution was compared with the Deff distribution. Because dose values differ significantly in overlap regions between the individual distributions, the clinical usefulness of the simple cumulative distribution is dubious. It may be useful for a future update of the GammaPlan treatment planning software to generate effective single-session dose distributions for such cases.
A feasibility study of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography targeting and simultaneous integrated boost for intensity-modulated radiosurgery and radiotherapy
Authors: Solberg Timothy D. , Agazaryan Nzhde , Goss Bryan W. , Dahlbom Magnus , Lee Steve P.
Published: February 2019

Object. The authors hypothesized that the efficacy of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) can be enhanced by selectively increasing the radiation dose to the biologically active positron emission tomography (PET)-documented positive tumor subregions while simultaneously maintaining the overall clinically established target dose.

Methods. The authors undertook a feasibility study to evaluate IMRT PET/computerized tomography (CT) protocol for boost treatment in selected cancer patients. Prior to treatment, FDG-PET and CT scans were acquired using an integrated PET/CT scanner, ensuring accurate correlation between image sets. After acquisition, tumor volume and objects-at-risk (OARs) were outlined on the CT scans; any PET-positive tumor subregions were similarly outlined. Daily dosages of 1.8 to 2 Gy were prescribed to tumor volume and the margin whereas additional dosages of 10 to 20% were delivered to PET-positive subregions. Dosage—volume histogram—derived constraints were used in inverse planning to specify the desired dose to one or more PET-positive tumor subregions, CT-delineated tumor volume, and OARs. The IMRT treatment was delivered using a micromultileaf collimator.

Simultaneous integrated boost radiation was successfully delivered using IMRT with PET/CT planning. Excellent dose conformality was achieved in the tumor volume and the dose to PET-positive tumor subregions was increased while minimizing the dose to OARs.

Conclusions. When coupled with IMRT, PET/CT scanning allows dose escalation to biologically active subregions within the tumor volume. Further study is needed to determine if dose escalation to FDG-PET—active sites correlates with improved treatment outcome. Finally, in extracranial sites, PET scanning should only be performed with a dedicated PET/CT device because present image fusion technologies are inadequate for accurately registering deformable objects.
KAJIAN MUTU STIK KENTANG (Solanum tuberrasum L.) DENGAN LAMA PERENDAMAN DALAM NATRIUM BISULFIT
Authors: Saputrayadi Adi , Marianah Marianah
Published: February 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan mutu stik  terbaik dengan perlakuan lama perendaman dalam Natrium Bisulfit  yang disukai konsumen dan untuk mengetahui waktu lama perendaman terbaik dalam Natrium bisulfit untuk menghasilkan stik kentang yang baik dari sifat kimia dan organoleptiknya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksprimental. Tahapan penelitian ini terdiri dari: (1) proses pengolahan kentang menjadi stik dengan perlakuan lama perendaman dalam natrium bisulfit, (2) analisis kadar air dan kadar abu stik kentang, (3) analisis sifat organoleptik stik kentang. (4) Pengolahan dan Analisis data. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, semakin lama waktu perendaman dalam natrium bisulfit, maka kadar air stik kentang semakin turun. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena Semakin lama waktu perendaman dalam natrium bisulfit maka semakin banyak pula natrium bisulfit yang diserap stik kentang, sehingga akan semakin banyak dapat menyerap air. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena natrium bisulfit bersifat garam, dan garam itu sendiri bersifat higroskopis atau dapat menyerap air. Jadi semakin lama waktu perendaman stik kentang dalam natrium bisulfit maka akan semakin banyak pula air yang diserap, sehingga kadar air pada bahan akan semakin berkurang. Sebaliknya untuk analisis kadar abu menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama waktu perendaman dalam natrium bisulfit, maka kadar abu yang terdapat dalam stik kentang semakin tinggi. Hal ini ditunjang oleh pendapat Winarno, bahwa semakin lama waktu perendaman dalam natrium bisulfit maka semakin tinggi provitamin A ( Abu ) yang terkandung dalam bahan pangan. Senada dengan pendapat Puspitasari menyatakan bahwa abu merupakan residu organik dalam bahan pangan. Jumlah komposisi abu dalam minaral tergantung pada bahan pangan serta metode analisis yang digunakan, salah satunya waktu perendaman. Pada penilaian terhadap sifat organoleptik stik kentang terhadap parameter warna, aroma, rasa dan tekstur menunjukkan bahwa stik kentang dengan lama perendaman 60 menit  tingkat kesukaan tertinggi dibandingkan dengan keempat perlakuan yang lainnya. Hal  ini  disebabkan   karena  dengan waktu perendaman selama 60 menit   dalam natrium bisulfit menghasilkan warna kuning hinga putih kekuningan, tekstur yang renyah, serta rasa dan aroma yang paling disukai panelis.
PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN TEPUNG PISANG KEPOK, TEPUNG KACANG TUNGGAK dan TEPUNG DAUN KELOR TERHADAP KANDUNGAN MINERAL MP-ASI BISKUIT BAYI
Authors: Rahman Suburi , Dwiani Afe Dwiani
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung pisang, tepung kacang tunggak dan tepung daun kelor terhadap kandungan mineral kalsium (Ca) dan natrium (Na) pada MP-ASI biskuit bayi. MP-ASI biskuit bayi dibuat dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu PTK1-PTK6. Hasil analisa akan dibandingkan dengan SNI MP-ASI biskuit bayi (01-7111.2-2005). Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada MP-ASI biskuit bayi (kandungan mineral kalsium dan natrium). Dari hasil analisa mineral diketahui bahwa untuk natrium dihasilkan biskuit yang memenuhi standar mutu SNI. Perlakuan PTK1 (100% tepung pisang) menghasilkan  kandungan natrium tertinggi yaitu 151,3 mg/100 g dan diikuti dengan PTK5 (Tepung pisang kepok 60%, tepung daun kelor 15%, tepung kacang tunggak 25%). Untuk mineral kalsium tidak memenuhi standar SNI.This study aims to determine the effect of adding banana flour, cowpea flour and flour of moringa to calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) mineral contents on MP-ASI baby biscuit. MP-ASI baby biscuits made with 6 treatments namely PTK1-PTK6. The results of the analysis will be compared with Indonesian National Standard (SNI) MP-ASI baby biscuit (01-7111.2-2005). From the results of the research note that there are significant differences in the baby's biscuit ASI-biscuits (calcium and sodium mineral content). From the results of mineral analysis, it is known that for sodium biscuits are produced that meet SNI quality standards. The PTK1 (100% banana flour) treatment resulted in the highest sodium content of 151.3 mg / 100 g and followed by PTK5 (60% pure banana flour, 15% moringa flour, 25% cow flour). For calcium minerals do not meet SNI standards.
WATER BALANCE ANALYSIS IN PIJENAN BANTUL IRRIGATION AREA
Authors: Dwi Putra Guyup Mahardhian , Setiawati Diah Ajeng , Sumarjan Sumarjan
Published: February 2019

Untuk melihat ketersediaan air irigasi di suatu daerah digunakan analisa neraca air. Neraca air adalah gambaran potensi penyediaan air dan potensi kebutuhan air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghitung debit masukan dan keluaran dari air irigasi Pijenan Bantul yang akan disesuaikan dengan pola tata tanam di daerah tersebut. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan pengambilan data di daerah irigasi Pijenan Bantul. Alat dan bahan yang digunakan adalah current meter, pita ukur, blangko kebutuhan air irigasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan debit selama 10 tahun (2003-2013) sebesar 683,730 hingga 10.237,338 l/dt dan debit kebutuhan rata-rata 1823 l/dt. Hubungan antara debit ketersediaan dan debit kebutuhan di pintu tersier dapat ditunjukkan dari analisis neraca air dimana pada daerah hulu kebutuhan irigasi selalu lebih kecil dari debit yang tersedia, di daerah tengah debit kebutuhan seimbang dengan debit ketersediaan, sedangkan di daerah hilir debit kebutuhan lebih besar daripada debit ketersediaan. Hasil perhitungan faktor K didapatkan lebih kecil dari 0,7 yang artinya terjadi defisit air sehingga perlu system irigasi giliran.To see the availability of irrigation water in an area water balance analysisis used. Water balance is a description of potential water supply and potential water requirement. The purpose of this research was to calculate the input and output irrigation waterdischarge from PijenanBantul that will be adjusted with the pattern of planting system in the area.The methodology in this research was experimental with data retrieval in PijenanBantul irrigation area. Tools and materials used were current meters, measuring tape, form of irrigationwater requirement. The results showed that thedischarge for 10 years (2003-2013) was 683.730 to 10,237.338 l/dt and the average requirement was 1823 l/dt. The relationship between the availability and the requireddischarge of the tertiary gate could be shown from the water balance analysis where upstream irrigation water requirements were always smaller than the available discharge; in the middle area the required discharge was equal with the available discharge; whereas in the downstream area, the requireddischarge was greater than the available discharge. The calculation result of K factor was smaller than 0,7 which means water deficit was existed, therefore the rotation irrigation system was necessary.
UJI PERFORMANSI MESIN PEMANEN DAN PERONTOK TYPE MOBIL COMBINE HARVESTER TERHADAP KEHILANGAN HASIL PADI
Authors: Romansyah Erni , Wahyuddin Nanang , Nazaruddin Nazaruddin
Published: February 2019

Kehilangan hasil selama panen dan perontokan merupakan beberapa masalah yang biasa dialami oleh para petani. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena kurangnya penerapan teknologi terhadap proses pemanenan dan perontokan Penelitian berjudul Uji Performansi Mesin Pemanen dan Perontok Type Mobil Combine Harvester Terhadap Kehilangan Hasil Padi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh cara pemanen dan perontok menggunakan alat Type Mobil Combine harvester terhadap kehilangan hasil padi dan mutu gabah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental dengan pecobaan di Lapangan. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 3 perlakuan yaitu P1 = Alat “Gebot”, P2 = Alat perontok Pedal Thresher, dan P3 = Alat perontok Combine Harvester. Parameter yang akan diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah meliputi susut perontokan (Spr), benda asing dan uji keratakan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan  analisis keragaman(Analysis of variance) pada taraf nyata 5 %. Bila ada perlakuan yang berpengaruh secara nyata maka diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf nyata yang sama.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan mesin perontok padi berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter susut perontok, %, benda asing, dan % uji keretakan. Mesin combine harvester memiliki nilai susut bobot,  %,benda asing, dan % uji keretakan yang terendah dibandingkan dengan alat “gebot” dan pedal thresher.Loss of yield during harvest and threshing are some of the common problems experienced by farmers. This may occur due to the lack of application of technology to the harvesting and threshing process. Research titled is Performance Test of Harvesters and Thresher of Mobile Combine Harvester on Loss of Rice Yield. The purpose of research is to know the effect of harvesters and thresher using the Mobile Combine Harvester to the rice yield loss and grain quality. The research used experimental method, which designed using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) that consist of 3 treatments: P1 = "Gebot" Tool, P2 = Pedal Thresher, and P3 = Mobile Combine Harvester. Parameters to be observed in this research are covering thresher (SPr), dirt and crack test. The observed data were analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of variance) at 5% level. If there is any treatment that has significant effect then tested continued using the test of (BNJ) on the same level. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the use of rice thresher machine has significant effect on all shrinkage thresher, %, dirt parameter and crack test%. The harvester combine machine has a weight shrinkage value,%, dirt, and % crack test as compared with the "gebot" tool and the pedal thresher.
FORMULASI TEPUNG PISANG DAN TEPUNG MOCAF TERHADAP MUTU CAKE
Authors: Ihromi Syirril , Sulastri Yeni , Arisandi Fadlin
Published: February 2019

Pengembangan produk cake yang memanfaatkan tepung mocaf dan tepung pisang untuk menggantikan sebagian dan keseluruhan terigu ditujukan untuk memanfaatkan bahan pangan lokal, memperkaya nilai gizi cake dan juga untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada tepung terigu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formulasi tepung mocaf dan tepung pisang yang tepat dalam pembuatan cake, dan mengetahui karakteristrik kimia dan organoleptik cake. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan percobaan faktor tunggal yaitu formulasi tepung mocaf dan tepung pisang, yang terdiri atas 5 taraf perlakuan ,sebagai berikut P0 = Formulasi Tepung mocaf 100% (Kontrol), P1 = Formulasi Tepung pisang 10% dan tepung mocaf 90%, P2 = Formulasi Tepung pisang 20% dan tepung mocaf  80%, P3 = Formulasi Tepung pisang 30% dan tepung mocaf 70%, P4 = Formulasi Tepung pisang 40% dan tepung mocaf  60%, dan P5 = Formulasi Tepung pisang 50% dan tepung mocaf 50%. Masing- masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga di peroleh 18 unit percobaan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan  analisis keragaman (Analysis of variance) pada taraf nyata 5 % dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf nyata yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi tepung mocaf dan tepung pisang berpengaruh secara nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar pati, dan sifat organoleptik parameter rasa, warna, dan tekstur cake yang diamati. Semakin tinggi proporsi tepung pisang yang digunakan kadar air, kadar abu, dan kadar pati semakin meningkat. Semakin tinggi proporsi tepung pisang yang digunakan maka skor nilai rasa dan semakin meningkat dan disukai oleh panelis, sedangkan nilai tekstur cendrung semakin menurun. Perlakuan terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan kelima (P5) dengan Formulasi Tepung pisang 50% dan tepung mocaf 50%.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BAMBU SEBAGAI BAHAN FILTRASI UNTUK MENGURANGI KANDUNGAN NITROGEN TOTAL DALAM AIR BUANGAN LIMBAH TAHU
Authors: Muliatiningsih Muliatiningsih , Romansyah Erni , Karyanik Karyanik
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi kandungan nitrogen yang terbuang ke badan air  sehingga dapat mengurangi pencemaran yang terjadi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode eksperimental dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), terdiri atas 3 perlakuan yaitu P1 (ketebalan arang bambu 15 cm dan daun bambu 5 cm), P2 (ketebalan arang bambu 10 cm dan daun bambu 10 cm), P3 (ketebalan arang bambu 5 cm dan daun bambu 15 cm). Masing-Masing perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 9 unit percobaan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Analisis keragaman pada taraf 5% dan diuji lanjut dengan uji BNJ pada taraf yang sama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahnwa penggunaan arang dan daun bambu memberikan perbedaan yang nyata terhadap penurunan kandungan nitrogen total di dalam limbah cair tahu hasil fitrasi. Kandungan Nitrogen Total terendah terdapat pada perlakuan P2, yaitu 0,052% dengan persentase penurunan sebesar 38,13% dari kadungan nitrogen total limbah cair sebelum difiltrasi.
Sacralisation: Defying the Politicisation of Security in Turkey
Authors: Bilgin Pinar
Published: February 2019

In early 2016, a small town called Kilis on Turkey’s southeast border became the target of unguided short-range rockets originating from an ISIS-controlled zone in Syria. Continuing over a five-month period, the attacks claimed 20+ lives, rendered hundreds of people homeless, and traumatised many more. Yet, the public in the rest of Turkey remained mostly unaware of the havoc caused by these attacks. This is not to say that appropriate steps to address the rocket attacks were not taken. Yet uttering ‘security’ was conspicuously absent from Ankara’s response repertoire. The puzzle being: how was it possible for Ankara to limit politics in the face of local civil societal actors’ and opposition MPs’ attempts to politicise security? Through sacralisation, I suggest. What follows shows that in the first half of 2016, invoking ‘sacred’ cultural codes in framing the events helped Ankara to limit politics around security.
Boot camps in neonatal-perinatal medicine fellowship programs: A national survey
Authors: Kumar D. , Vachharajani A.J. , Wertheimer F. , Vergales B. , Glass K. , Dannaway D. , Winter L. , Delaney H. , Ganster A. , Arnold J. , Urban A. , Johnston L. , Bruno C. , Gray M.M. , Sawyer T. ,   for the Organization of Neonatal Training Program Directors Task Force on Simulation
Published: February 2019

BACKGROUND:

Simulation is widely used in graduate medical education. A prior survey showed that 80% of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine (NPM) fellowship programs in the U.S. use simulation. There are multiple ways to provide simulation-based education. One such method is through intensive simulation-based education sessions held at the beginning of a training program, common called ‘boot camps’. The aim of this study was to describe the use of simulation-based boot camps in NPM fellowship programs.

METHODS:

Survey study of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accredited NPM fellowships in the U.S.

RESULTS:

Fifty-nine of 98 programs (60%) responded. Thirty six (61%) participated in 1st year fellow boot camps, which focused on procedural skills and newborn resuscitation. Nearly half of programs participated in regional boot camps. Most boot camps were one or two days long. Eleven programs (19%) held 2nd or 3rd year fellow boot camps, which focused on advanced resuscitation and communication. Barriers included lack of faculty protected time (57%), funding (39%), and lack of faculty experience (31%).

CONCLUSIONS:

A majority of ACGME accredited NPM fellowships participate in 1st year fellows’ boot camps. Many participate in regional boot camps. A few programs have 2nd or 3rd year fellow boot camps. Lack of time, funding, and faculty experience were common barriers.