bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation of the System of General Courts of the Russian Empire: St. Petersburg Judicial District during the Formation and Reorganization of 1865-1878
Authors:   Omsk state University named after F. M. Dostoevsky, Sapunkov A. A.
Published: December 2020

The article considers the history of the formation of the system of General courts of the post-reform St. Petersburg judicial district on the territory of three provinces of the Russian Empire: St. Petersburg, Novgorod and Pskov. The system of formation of General district courts (judicial chamber, 6 district courts) and subsequent reorganization of the district structure was studied. In 1878 was disbanded on 2 County court (Ustyinsky bilozers'kyi) and simultaneously open the Cherepovets district court, were reallocated border jurisdiction within the County and transferred part of the territory in the jurisdiction of the Moscow judicial district. System interaction in the opening of "new ships" with the re-formation of the bodies of the Imperial law to the court (prosecutors and judicial investigators) or the judiciary (bailiffs, lawyers, notaries). Little-studied issues are pointed out: mergers and disbanding of pre-reform courts, unrealized plans to open judicial bodies: 1) selection of buildings for the district courts in St. Petersburg province in the cities Luga, Peterhof, Gdov, Yamburg and New Ladoga; 2) the comments of the Minister of justice against plans by the placing district courts in the province of Novgorod in the cities of Cherepovets and Somyn; 3) unrealized remarks by the interior Minister with a proposal to include the Tikhvin uyezd, Novgorod province to the jurisdiction of the St. Petersburg district court, and Gdov County of St. Petersburg province to the jurisdiction of the Pskov regional court. The legal framework regulating the system of formation of the post-reform St. Petersburg judicial district was studied. We used archival materials that were not introduced into scientific circulation in publications on this topic. The final conclusion is that the collected material makes it possible to develop a systematic understanding of the process of implementing the judicial reform of 1864.
Special Military Criminal Penalties: Status and Prospects
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Zakomoldin R.V.
Published: December 2020

Presents an analysis of the problems of legislative regulation and practice of applying special military types of criminal punishment under the current military criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. Close attention is paid to such types of military criminal penalties as deprivation of military ranks, restriction on military service, detention in a disciplinary military unit and arrest with detention in the guardhouse. The definition of “special military criminal penalties”is formulated. The classification of these punishments into types on various grounds is given. The author analyzes the shortcomings of the provisions of the criminal law regarding military criminal penalties, as well as the judicial practice of assigning these types of criminal punishment to convicted military personnel. In addition, proposals for amendments and additions to the existing military criminal legislation and in court practice to preserve data types of criminal punishment, an increase in the practice of their application and increasing their effectiveness. It is pointed out that it is necessary to identify the reasons for the non-use of certain types of military criminal penalties and eliminate them. Proposals aimed at excluding special military types of criminal punishment from the Criminal code of the Russian Federation have been criticized, since this trend excludes the declared variety of types of criminal punishment, does not allow taking into account the special status of subjects of criminal responsibility, which excludes the individualization and differentiation of criminal responsibility and criminal punishment of military personnel. The author’s position is supported by an analysis of the opinions of scientists, practical material, and legislative activities.
Application of Video Recording of the Interrogation of Minors Suspected (Defended)
Authors:   Investigation Department of Inter-municipal Department of the MIA of Russia “Kirensky”, Vigulyar A.S. , Kolominov V.V. ,   Baikal State University, Kopylov I.A. ,   East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: December 2020

The peculiarities of the organization of the use of video shooting during the interrogation of underage suspects (accused) are considered. Problems that arise in practice when using technical means when conducting investigative actions with the participation of minors are highlighted: lack of skills in handling technical means, insufficient number of technical means themselves, emotional stress when conducting video shooting, fear of making technical errors. The text of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation is subject to special analysis in relation to the use of technical means in conducting investigative actions. The feasibility of introducing the mandatory use of video footage during the interrogation of underage suspects (accused) is justified, as well as the addition of Art. 425 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation part 7 with the mandatory requirement to use video recording during the interrogation with the participation of a minor suspect (accused). Practical recommendations are made on the preparation for the interrogation of juvenile suspects (accused), the tactics of using technical means of video recording, as well as the recording and storage of evidence in the criminal case file.
Problems of Legal Regulation and Organization Mortgages of Loaded or Handed in Storage in Things Pawn Shop
Authors:   Omsk Academy of the MIA of Russia, Muravyev K.V. , Sokolov A.B. ,   Omsk Academy of the MIA of Russia, Merlakov D.S. ,   Omsk Academy of the MIA of Russia
Published: December 2020

The issues of legal regulation of the seizure of pledged or deposited in a pawnshop things, as well as related activities aimed at preventing the commission of new crimes are considered. Conditions are established under which objects located in a specialized commercial organization are not pledged or deposited. The conclusion is made about the legal regime for the protection of information contained in the loan agreement. The procedure for withdrawing a pledge ticket at a pawnshop is defined. The analysis of the criminal procedure law, the positions of scholars and judicial practice regarding the possibility of seizing a pawnshop before initiating a criminal case, as well as the need for a court decision to conduct a search in the specified organization is given. It is concluded that the production of a seizure in a pawnshop before a criminal case is unacceptable; regardless of the type of investigative action involving the seizure of a thing pledged or deposited in a pawnshop, a court order is required. Cases are indicated when an alternative to a seizure can be a search at a pawnshop. Recommendations are offered on improving the procedure for seizing pledged or deposited items in a pawnshop. Recommendations have been prepared aimed at minimizing the possibility of making mistakes regarding each of the identified typical organizational problems of the production of a seizure (search) in a pawnshop. The optimal content of information in the petition of the investigator before the court on the seizure of the pledged or deposited in the pawnshop thing is determined. Recommendations on the adoption of effective measures aimed at eliminating the causes and conditions conducive to the commission of crimes in the implementation of activities by a pawnshop.
Embarazo en adolescentes y alteraciones psicosociales
Authors: Bravo Saquicela Diana Maribel , Bravo Saquicela Hans Leonardo , Bravo Loor Santos
Published: December 2020

El embarazo en adolescentes es un enigma de salud pública aún vigente a nivel mundial puesto que la fisiología de la gestante no está totalmente desarrollada para los cambios propios de gestación produciendo complicaciones en la salud y problemas psicosociales. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer las alteraciones psicosociales que afectan a las adolescentes embarazadas, atendidas en el área de ginecología de la consulta externa del hospital Dr. Gustavo Domínguez de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. Es un estudio observacional, prospectivo; las participantes fueron 60 adolescentes embarazadas entre 14 y 16 años de edad. Se aplicó una encuesta con un cuestionario AD-DOC. Los resultados evidencian que las adolescentes presentaron las siguientes características psicosociales. En el ámbito psicológico: Baja autoestima, ansiedad, negación ante el embarazo, sentimientos de culpa, miedo, enojos y vergüenza. En el aspecto Social: deserción escolar, discriminación social, dependencia económica y aislamiento social. A nivel familiar, unión obligatoria de la pareja, separación de la pareja, comunicación inadecuada y agresión física. Por tanto, el embarazo precoz altera el desarrollo pleno de la adolescente generando afectaciones psicosociales, a nivel familiar, académica y social. Se recomendó fortalecer programas de educación sexual para reducir embarazos no planificados y en edades tempranas.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEVERAL MORPHOLOGICAL AND REPRODUCTIONAL ASPECTS FOR SOME SPECIES OF THE BELLEVALIA LAPEYROUSE, 1808 AND ORNITHOGALUM LINNAEUS, 1753 (ASPARAGALES, ASPARAGACEAE) IN CENTRAL AND NORTH OF IRAQ
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Tikrit, Tikrit, Iraq, Sa’eed Najat Ameen , Al-Abide Naglaa Mustafa ,   Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Tikrit, Tikrit, Iraq, Al- Asi Aqeel Husein Ali ,   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Tikrit. Tikrit, Iraq
Published: December 2020

This study aims to study some morphological and reproductional characteristics in eleven species of two genera belonging to the family of Asparagaceae, which are Bellevalia Lapeyrouse, 1808 and Ornithogalum Linnaeus, 1753 and the species are: Bellevalia chrisii Yildirim and Sahin, 2014; Bellevalia flexuosa Boissier, 1854; Bellevalia kurdistanica Feinbrun, 1940; Bellevalia longipes Post, 1895; Bellevalia macrobotrys Boissier, 1853; Bellevalia paradoxa Boissier, 1882; Bellevalia parva Wendelbo, 1973; Bellevalia saviczii Woronow, 1927; Ornithogalum brachystachys C. Koch, 1849; Ornithogalum neurostegium Boissier, 1882 and Ornithogalum pyrenaicum Linnaeus, 1753. These species were identified and compared with each other; the results showed that there were differences between the two genera in studying the shape of bulbs, length of leaves and color of the flowers. Each of them showed an important taxonomic mark to be distinguished from the studied species. Morphological studies used with some characters of the reproductive, including the shape and color of the fruits, seeds and embryos were used to diagnoses the species. Also, the current investigation was found that the characteristics of the fruit and how it was connected to the pedicels was very important in the field of taxonomic and identification the species. Two new record species were studied within the country, namely; Bellevalia chrisii and Bellevalia flexuosa; it should be noted here that the study of embryos is also one of the first studies conducted on these plants.
Expansion Joints for Road Bridges Requirements and Reality Durability and Noise
Authors: Hemmert-Halswick Arnold
Published: December 2020

Expansion joints are important parts of the traffic infrastructure to connect bridges and roads. There are different traditions to design expansion joints due to different types to design bridges like single span beams or continuous beams. There are some national rules, but no common European rules until now: An European Technical Approval Guideline for expansion joints is in preparation. The noise of expansion joints is a problem near settlements, some efforts were made to avoid it respectively to compensate it.
Influence of the bearing systems on the buckling behaviour of arch bridges
Authors: Outtier Amelie , De Backer Hans , Van Bogaert Philippe
Published: December 2020

This paper wants to draw the attention on the difference between neoprene and pot bearings. For this purpose, the same finite element model is once equipped with the model of a neoprene bearing and of a pot bearing. Since a transversally restrained neoprene bearing can still move a millimetre in that direction, these possible movements of the bearings are incorporated in the model. The main conclusion of the paper is that there is indeed a difference between the behaviour of the arch in both calculations. The arch supported by neoprene bearings buckles in the opposite direction of an arch supported by pot bearings. It can also be concluded that the model of the arch supported by bearings, modelled in detail has a bigger resistance towards buckling than an identical arch, without detailed modelling of the bearings. The buckling strength of an arch is furthermore greater than of a straight beam with the same section.
Load-bearing reserves of existing bridges
Authors: Lindlar Hans-Gerd , Schnell Jürgen
Published: December 2020

In the same way as the Technical Bending Theory (TB) for linear-elastic materials, the Extended Technical Bending Theory (ETB) makes it possible to calculate the state of strain of reinforced and pre-stressed concrete cross-sections stressed by any combination of the stress resultants My, Mz, T, Vz, Vyand N. When using the ETB, no additional models are required to determine the shear-bearing capacity of these cross-sections. Furthermore, the theory describes the serviceability limit state (SLS) as well as the ultimate limit state (ULS).

In the first part of the paper, the differences between the ETB and the classical calculations based on the TB and empirical truss models will be explained. Additionally, comparisons of test results and calculations with the ETB will point out convincing correspondence in SLS as well as in ULS.

In some specific cases, the more realistic results obtained using the ETB identify additional load bearing reserves in existing bridges. Because of this, the ETB sometimes makes it possible to verify the structural integrity of existing bridges even when the classical dimensioning concept has failed. As the maintenance and repair of bridges becomes more and more important, the ETB can help to keep bridges in service. In the second part of the paper, some current examples for the application of the ETB will be presented. The theory has made it possible to save several bridges without the need for expensive repair and alteration work.
Opisthorchosis is a topical health problem (problem overview and analysis)
Authors: Bibik O. I.
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the research is analyzing literature sources to establish the role of opisthorchosis in health care and assessing the relevance of histological and histochemical methods in determining the eﬃcacy of drugs against helminths which are causative agents of opisthorchosis.

Materials and methods. We analyzed literature sources on the study of opisthorchosis, its pathogen spread and its significance for public health. We also reviewed the oﬃcial documentation of the annual reports presented on the oﬃcial websites.

Results and discussion. In 2018, more than 19.0 thousand cases of opisthorchosis were recorded in the country (rate is 12.99 per 100 thousand population), which made up 79.5% of all recorded bio-helminthosis in the population. Opisthorchosis is characterized by long course and proceeds with frequent exacerbations. The most serious complication is cancer in the liver, bile ducts and pancreas, which are organs of opisthorchis parasitism. The works of many authors reveal the connection and high incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in patients with opisthorchosis in countries with endemic sites of Opisthorchiidae family representative’s infection. Long-term opisthorchosis infection reduces the eﬃcacy of anthelmintic therapy and leads to the appearance of the disease recurrent forms. Opisthorchis viverrini was oﬃcially recognized as a Group 1 biological carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2009. The carcinogenic role of O. felineus has not yet been suﬃciently studied. However, life cycles, morphology and localization in the human body of O. viverrini and O. felineus are similar. In the list of established medicinal products with opisthorchocidal action, special attention and interest are paid to herbal products. Histological and histochemical research methods confirmed the eﬃcacy against such herbal preparations as ecorsol, erlim and artemisin.
EXPEDITIONAL EXPLORATION OF THE KURIL ISLANDS IN 2020
Authors:   Institute of volcanology and seismology FEB RAS, Kalacheva E.G.
Published: December 2020

This report provides a brief description of the field work on the Kuril Islands. It was performed within the framework of the R&D theme, projects of the RSF and the RFFR, which are realized in the laboratory of postmagmatic processes of the Institute of Volcanology and Seismology FEB RAS. Hydrological and hydrochemical works were performed on the rivers draining the slopes and thermal fields of the Sinarka, Kuntomintar volcanic massifs (Shiashkotan Island), and the Vernadsky and Karpinsky Ridges (Paramushir Island). The study of the chemical erosion of volcanic islands and the assessment of the hydrothermal export of magmatic volatiles are the goals of this work. Infrared photography was taken and the total flux of volcanic SO2 and diffusion flux of CO2 were measured on thermal fields in the caldera of Golovnin volcano. A detailed hydrogeochemical survey was made on the thermal fields of the Ebeko volcano to study the relationship of volcanic and hydrothermal activity of the volcano. For further analytical work, a large number of water and gas samples were taken and a representative collection of rocks and sediments was collected during the expedition.
NATURAL PHENOMENA OF ENDOGENIC ORIGIN IN THE ARCTIC BASIN
Authors:   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petrova A.A. , Latysheva O.V. ,   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kopytenko Yu.A. ,   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2020

The results of the study of the influence of the deep factor on the process of melting of the ice cover of the Arctic Ocean and the formation of dangerous natural phenomena are presented. The peculiarities of the structure of the earth’s crust contributing to the ice destruction are visualized based on the interpretation of anomalies of the magnetic field and gravity. Density and magnetic sections of the bottom structures are constructed taking into account seismic and seismological data. Two-dimensional density calculations of the Arctic crust density have been performed to detect fluid-saturated layers. Analysis of satellite observations of ice condition together with interpretation of gravity and magnetic data made it possible to identify natural phenomena of endogenous origin, caused by influence of thermo fluid flows of the earth’s crust. The study of annual and seasonal changes in the thickness of multiyear ice over the period 2007–2020 has shown that a decisive role in the thawing process is played by fluid-supplying channels of deep-seated fault zones. The role of an endogenous factor in the destruction of ice of different ages and in the emergence of dangerous phenomena in the areas of hydrate development has been revealed. This makes it possible to predict the localization of zones of variability in the thickness of multiyear ice, the nature of the destruction of its edges and reduce the risks of navigation.
Interdisciplinarity in Pastoral Theology. An Example of Socio-Theological Research
Authors: Szymczak Wioletta
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the idea of interdisciplinary research involving pastoral theology and sociology. This is one of the methodological proposals for research projects carried out under pastoral theology. Interdisciplinarity is understood as combining research methods for the cooperation of scientists from both disciplines in the process of planning, implementing and interpreting the results of empirical research. It is inspired by a problem identified in pastoral theology that requires exploration. The presentation consists of three parts. The first is devoted to the location of empirical research within pastoral theology. The second concerns the assumptions and significance of interdisciplinary research involving pastoral theologians and sociologists. In the final part, the areas of interdisciplinary cooperation among the research teams are pointed out. The potential of qualitative research as a space for cooperation among representatives of both sciences and as an important source of knowledge from the viewpoint of pastoral theology is shown. The comparative and synthetic method was used. The analysis shows that interdisciplinary research in the field of pastoral theology has great potential related to the acquisition and interpretation of multi-faceted empirical data and the designation of new research fields, which will significantly enrich the theological analysis process as well as the presentation and application of pastoral models.
Sobre participios y adjetivos. Las construcciones de verbo+bien+pp/a
Authors:   Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Dibo María Sol , Mare María ,   Universidad Nacional del Comahue/IPEHCS-CONICET
Published: December 2020

Este trabajo analiza lo que hemos denominado construcciones de , abordadas en Bosque 1989 bajo el nombre de «construcciones de participio cognado»: secar los platos bien {secados ~ secos}. A partir de recuperar las discusiones en torno a la resultatividad, la distinción entre las lecturas de manera y resultado y la interpretación de bien como un indicador de grado máximo se propone un análisis de estas secuencias desde un enfoque neoconstruccionista que da cuenta de dos aspectos: (1) la presencia del constituyente  no es responsable de la lectura resultativa en los casos en los que esta lectura está disponible; y (2) las lecturas de manera ~ resultado no solo se siguen de diferentes posiciones de ensamble en la estructura principal del constituyente , sino también del tipo de proyección cuantificada por bien (Voz* o Place). Las pruebas que se utilizan para avanzar en este análisis permiten identificar de manera clara las diferencias fundamentales entre ambas construcciones y reconocer los niveles de modificación en aquellos casos en los que la forma de participio pasado es la única opción posible.
¿Qué hay entre el control y la reestructuración? Sobre la construcción poner algo ~ a alguien a + infinitivo
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Vivanco Margot
Published: December 2020

Este artículo trata de esclarecer aspectos clave de la semántica y la sintaxis de la construcción , muy poco estudiada en la gramática del español. Se argumentará que la preposición a desempeña un papel crucial en su semántica causativa y en sus restricciones aspectuales (incoatividad), y se propondrá, además, un análisis sintáctico que permita explicar sus propiedades híbridas, entre el control y la reestructuración.
НЕСКОЛЬКО РАННЕМУСУЛЬМАНСКИХ ПОГРЕБЕНИЙ ИЗ ГРУНТОВЫХ МОГИЛЬНИКОВ ЛЕСОСТЕПНОГО ПРЕДУРАЛЬЯ
Authors:   Управление по государственной охране объектов культурного наследия Республики Башкортостан, Русланов Евгений
Published: December 2020

Публикуются средневековые захоронения из четырех грунтовых могильников, изученных в разные годы на территории Башкортостана. Вводимые в научный оборот данные представляют собой новый и важный археологический материал XIII-ХIV вв., дополняющий существующие представления о регионе в период закрепления ислама – государственной религии Золотой Орды – у местного населения чияликской археологической культуры.
Emprendimiento e innovación como motor del desarrollo sostenible: Estudio bibliométrico (2006- 2016)
Authors: Campo-Ternera Lilia , Amar-Sepúlveda Paola , Olivero Vega Enohemit , Huguett Herazo, Sergio
Published: December 2020

Actualmente, frente a la falta de oportunidades y los fenómenos de desempleo o exclusión, comienza a vislumbrarse como una necesidad el desarrollo de capacidades para la generación de soluciones, llevando a que conceptos como emprendimiento e innovación, cobren cada vez mayor relevancia, ante esto surge la pregunta ¿Cómo el emprendimiento y la innovación favorecen el desarrollo sostenible de un país? Frente a esta interrogante, el propósito de este artículo es presentar los artículos publicados en revistas científicas para describir, analizar e interpretar la producción científica basada en la innovación y el emprendimiento como elemento determinante para el desarrollo sostenible, a través de un estudio bibliométrico de revisión sistemática con metaanálisis para el periodo 2006-2016, tomándose como criterios de inclusión estudios originales publicados en revistas de relevancia, que plantearon el análisis del emprendimiento y la innovación, incluyendo las variables desarrollo sostenible, formación para el emprendimiento y la innovación. Dentro de los hallazgos encontrados surge la necesidad de favorecer algunos elementos claves para la formación y la generación de ideas emprendedoras e innovadoras, concluyendo la importancia de potencializar el comportamiento emprendedor e innovador estimulando la consolidación de iniciativas de alto valor agregado que potencialicen la dinámica de innovación territorial
Visión general del enfoque por competencias en Latinoamérica
Authors: Casanova Romero Ilya , Canquiz Rincón Liliana , Paredes Chacín Ítala , Inciarte González Alicia
Published: December 2020

El enfoque por competencias exige un sin número de condiciones para su implementación en la formación universitaria, concibiendo al ser humano desde la integralidad y complejidad de sus dimensiones, en interacción permanente con el contexto. En tal sentido, el objetivo del presente artículo consiste en explicar la evolución del enfoque por competencias en la educación superior a nivel latinoamericano; para lo cual se emplearon dos instrumentos, uno tipo matriz para el análisis de contenido de los documentos oficiales y otro tipo cuestionario dirigido a los representantes curriculares; se utilizaron iguales categorías de análisis en su construcción. Entre los resultados destaca que existe diversidad en los modelos asumidos en las universidades, algunas no tienen claridad en cuanto a la metodología que se está aplicando o se va a aplicar. Este enfoque ha tenido problemas en su desarrollo debido a la falta de formación de los docentes, inconvenientes en su implementación y posterior evaluación. Finalmente, se deben unificar criterios en cuanto a la conceptualización de competencias, ya que esto dificulta el desarrollo del enfoque en los procesos de transformación. Se observan limitaciones para trasladar las competencias declaradas en el perfil a los diseños instruccionales y por consiguiente a las experiencias de aprendizaje
Consideraciones epistemológicas del saber ambiental
Authors: Finol Wilfredo , Hernández Osvaldo , Ocando Migdalys
Published: December 2020

La postura del saber ambiental que describe Leff a principio de 1980, constituye un punto de partida representativo para la construcción de las caracterizaciones medioambientales contemporáneas; principalmente en Latinoamérica. Remite esto a una revaloración de la ética medioambiental. En este sentido, es importante analizar esta perspectiva desde las alternativas propuestas frente a los problemas y retos que hoy ocupan la filosofía eco-ambientalista. La investigación es de carácter documental, el método de abordaje es racionalista-deductivo. Para evidenciar los datos se elaboró un cuadro descriptivo con los elementos epistemológicos del saber ambiental; luego, se relacionan en una tabla descriptiva. Se encontró como resultado que el ser remite siempre a un hacerse junto a otros; por tanto, todo el proceder con otro es un hacer recíproco; conllevando un principio ético imprescindible si se desea organizar modos de vida humanizantes. Se concluye que, el saber ambiental expide a una serie de elementos epistemológicos entre ellos: principio ecocéntrico, relación sujeto-objeto, complejidad ambiental, racionalidad, interdisciplinariedad, transdiciplinariedad e interpretación ambiental, los cuales representan la columna vertebral de las estrategias propuestas frente a las urgencias eco-ambientales contemporáneas.
Literatura científica sobre emprendimiento social y su impacto en el ámbito iberoamericano
Authors: Uribe-Toril Juan , De Pablo Jaime , Ruiz-Real José Luis , Pires Manso José Ramos
Published: December 2020

El emprendimiento social agrupa actuaciones individuales o colectivas con una finalidad social. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el concepto del emprendimiento social y su impacto científico en publicaciones y artículos de la base de datos Web of Science Core Collection, tanto a nivel mundial como en los países iberoamericanos. El emprendimiento que busca soluciones y cambios sociales, es una cuestión de actualidad a nivel mundial pero que en el caso de los países iberoamericanos es aún una materia incipiente. La metodología empleada se basa en un estudio bibliométrico descriptivo-retrospectivo de los documentos incluidos en la citada base de datos en el periodo 1994-2018, así como un análisis clúster de tendencias. Las variables estudiadas han sido: número de artículos, citas e índice de Hirsch, por año tanto a nivel global como por áreas de conocimiento y países; principales revistas, autores y centros de trabajo. A nivel mundial destacan las revistas y autores de Estados Unidos y Reino Unido y en el caso particular de los países iberoamericanos repuntan las revistas y autores españoles. En conclusión, sobre las tendencias y relaciones con el emprendimiento social aparecen como conceptos emergentes: Género, servicios sociales, crowdfunding, emprendimiento medioambiental, cooperativas, emprendimiento sostenible e intención emprendedora.
Papel del tutor en la formación docente
Authors: Espinoza Freire Eudaldo Enrique , Ley Leyva Nelly Victoria , Guamán Gómez Verónica Jacqueline
Published: December 2020

Las universidades han tenido que plantearse nuevos enfoques de formación, debido a que el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de profesionales, constituye un reto para estas, vislumbrando, sin lugar a dudas, un papel cada vez más protagónico del profesor, en la figura como tutor. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar el rol del tutor en la carrera de enseñanza básica de la Universidad Técnica de Machala. La investigación es descriptiva, cuanti-cualitativa. Se emplearon los métodos: Analítico-sintético, estadístico y triangulación de datos, así como las técnicas del cuestionario y entrevista en profundidad. Los resultados permitieron determinar que los tutorados perciben las acciones del tutor siempre presentes; consideran sus actividades y resultados de la práctica controlados, y encuentran apoyo para resolver los problemas que enfrentan, visualizando en el tutor como atributos: Dominio de sus funciones, orientación adecuada de la práctica docente, facilitador del proceso de formación; en tanto que, los tutores realizan asesoría de planeación de la práctica docente y observación directa del contexto escolar y áulico del estudiante tutorado. En conclusión, queda claro que la tutoría es un elemento inherente a la función docente y al currículum, sobre todo en el contexto de formación de profesionales de la educación.
Sistema familiar y continuidad de las empresas familiares
Authors: Acosta de Mavárez Ana , Molina Quiroz Claudia A , Andino Chancay Tanya S. , Rodríguez López Virginia E.
Published: December 2020

Las  empresas familiares, aun cuando son similares en muchos aspectos a otras organizaciones que no lo son, presentan diferencias que provienen de la naturaleza explícita del sistema familiar en la propiedad y el control de la empresa. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar elementos del sistema  familiar que pueden afectar la continuidad de las empresas familiares. El estudio es de tipo documental-descriptivo, fundamentado en teorías de empresas familiares desarrolladas por autores como: Ward (2003), Gallo y Amat (2003), Chrisman, et al. (2005), Cabrera, et al. (2005; 2014), Amat, et al. (2008), Belausteguigoitia (2010), entre otros. Los hallazgos obtenidos  indican que los elementos del sistema familiar que contribuyen con la continuidad de la empresa familiar se relacionan principalmente con el componente humano, los cuales requieren habilidades relacionadas con el liderazgo familiar, la cultura y la capacidad para gestionar las relaciones empresa-familia, en lugar de elementos  empresariales y racionales. Se concluye que el desafío del sistema familiar para lograr la continuidad de estas empresas se conecta con la necesidad de contar con estructuras formales de poder compartido; superar modelos tradicionales de sucesión y liderazgo, relacionados con el control patriarcal; y mejorar tanto los procesos de comunicación como el manejo de conflictos.
CONDUCTING EXAMINATION IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS: HISTORICAL ASPECT
Authors:   Donetsk Law Institute, MIA of Ukraine, Kryvyi Rih, Bazhanyuk Vasyl
Published: December 2020

The history of the formation of a democratic procedure in Ukraine for the use of special knowledge in criminal proceedings is studied. It is noted that in the Soviet period this procedure was not democratic, only an investigator had the right to appoint an expert. This procedure for appointing an examination allowed to appoint it quite quickly. But the investigator could also avoid conducting an examination for certain reasons, he could reject the request to conduct it for certain reasons. Ukraine inherited such a legal procedure after the declaration of independence. A new procedure for examination was established by the Criminal Procedure Code only in 2012. The article analyzes the shortcomings in the legal regulation of the procedure of examinations after the entry into force of the CPC of Ukraine in 2012, which were eliminated during the update of the criminal procedure legislation. The importance of consolidating the equality of rights of the parties to criminal proceedings to conduct examinations is noted. It is noted that the decision to conduct an examination is made by the party to the criminal proceedings, which prepares the relevant materials. The urgency of this order, its importance in the formation of the system of evidence and in the very procedure of proving in adversarial criminal proceedings is emphasized. Problematic issues of the procedure for appointing examinations by investigating judges are revealed. This procedure has led to the practical blocking of the work of both courts and pre-trial investigation bodies. Given that a significant number of suspects in serious and especially serious crimes were in custody, the situation looked critical. It was the signs of the collapse of criminal proceedings that forced us to make urgent changes to the procedure for appointing and conducting forensic examinations, which was carried out in 2019. Therefore, the involvement of experts is carried out by the parties to the criminal proceedings or by the investigating judge at the request of the defense. As a result, the parties to the criminal proceedings received equal rights to use special knowledge. The conclusion is substantiated that this is a necessary condition for ensuring a high-quality investigation of criminal offenses.
CULTURE AS A BASE OF DEMOCRACY: INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Donetsk Law Institute, MIA of Ukraine, Kryvyi Rih, Sabelnykova Tamara
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the effect of culture on democracy. Cultural traditions, which had been developing for a long historical period, led to democracy in some societies. Modern American scientists divide the world in two types of societies: with the basic values of expression and values of surviving. Democracy wins in societies with the values of expression. So it is not enough to establish democratic laws by means of setting up a democracy. This is the reason why it doesn’t work in post-soviet countries. Ukraine has a wide experience of democracy in the past and the democratic values are the part of our national mentality. But this tradition was interrupted by 300 years of colonial dependence and 70 years of soviet totalitarianism. In such conditions the development of national culture will promote the democracy. On the other hand, we should understand the significance of personal culture of every member of society. Culture allows people to realize the importance of diversity, it makes a person more open and tolerant towards other groups in society and reinforces cohesion in society. Cultural participation, active or passive, has the great importance for democracy. It enables individuals to be more active and effective citizens. Governmental programs should promote cultural participation for people to make them more open, tolerant and respectful for other people’s values, to cultivate their strategy and critical thinking. In Ukraine, where the government is not always interested in the development of democracy, citizens should maintain cultural participation on their own by bringing up their children by means of different arts and involving them in different cultural events. The important part of cultural participation is cultural education. Unfortunately the policy of modern Ukraine tends to decrease cultural education and this situation has negative effect on building a democratic state.
ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL FUNDAMENTALS OF FREE LEGAL AID CENTERS IN UKRAINE (PART II)
Authors:   Donetsk Law Institute, MIA of Ukraine, Kryvyi Rih, Ivanenko Dmytro
Published: December 2020

The second part of the scientific article reveals the administrative and legal principles of Local Free Legal Aid Centers, clarifies the system of public institutions that ensure their functioning. It is noted that Local Centers are formed by the Ministry of Justice, they are non-profit organizations, have the status of a juridical person, and they are territorial branches of the Coordination Center. They provide free secondary legal aid to certain categories of the population. The activities of local centers are conditionally divided into the following areas of work: organization of work with lawyers, provision of free primary and secondary legal aid, internal management, legal education work, interaction with other subjects in the field of preventing and combating domestic violence. Today there are Coordination Center, 23 regional centers, 84 local centers with 428 bureaus. Free legal aid is provided by 6760 lawyers, who are competitively selected, and about 1500 full-time lawyers of the free legal aid system. Subsidiary bodies that ensure work of the free legal aid system are the Steering Board of the regional and relevant local centers for the provision of free secondary legal aid, the interregional resource and communication platform, the Supervisory Board. The Steering Board is a permanent advisory body at the regional level. It consists of the director of the regional center and the directors of the relevant local centers. The Chairman of the Steering Board is the Director of the Regional Center, who approves the personal stuff of the Board. The network of the interregional resource and communication platforms (legal clubs "Pravokator") operates at the Coordination Center in the cities of Dnipro, Kyiv, Lviv, Odessa, Kharkiv. The main purpose is the professional development of specialists of the free legal aid system. The Supervisory Board was established to ensure the effective implementation of state policy in the field of free legal aid, for independence and transparency in the management of the Free Legal Aid System. The main tasks of the Supervisory Board are: supervision of the system, promoting the activities of the Coordination Center and its territorial branches in the implementation of long-term tasks, ensuring the independence of system management, increasing public confidence to the system of free legal aid.
Passion Fruit Problems in the Home Landscape
Authors: Rezazadeh Amir , Bailey Mark T. , Sarkhosh Ali
Published: December 2020

In Florida, purple and yellow passion fruit have been widely cultivated by homeowners for years, and south Florida’s subtropical climate allows for growing passion fruit year-round. Many factors affect longevity and productivity of passion fruit vine, including environmental stresses, pests, and disease. This new 5-page document is designed to help Master Gardeners and homeowners by answering commonly asked questions about passion fruit production problems. Written by Amir Rezazadeh, Mark Bailey, and Ali Sarkhosh, and published by the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1397
Micronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Iron, Zinc, and Manganese
Authors: Zekri Mongi , Obreza Thomas A.
Published: December 2020

This document is SL 204, a fact sheet of the Soil and Water Science Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. First printed: January 2003.

SL 204/SS423: Micronutrient Deficiencies in Citrus: Iron, Zinc, and Manganese (ufl.edu)
Blocking channels of incoming prohibited items to convicts, as a counteraction of penitentionary crime
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, A.S. Afanasenko , D. Yu. Kondratov ,   Kharkiv National University of internal Affairs, Kharkiv, Ukraine, І.V. Bodnar ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The process of blocking channels of incoming prohibited items to convicts, as the main counteraction to crime are considered in the article. Measures taken to prevent the commission of crimes in penal institutions are provided. The role of specific services of penal institutions in ensuring law and order on the territories of penal institutions is determined. It is established that the legislation of Ukraine needs the latest changes, by supplementing it with new norms, which would be focused on the safety of the personnel in the penitentiary system, taking into account the development trends of our state and criminal-executive legislation. It is emphasized in the article that in order to ensure law and order in penal bodies, institutions and pre-trial detention centers of the State Criminal and Executive Service of Ukraine, reliable blocking of incoming to protected areas, prohibited items, products and substances, storage and use of which is prohibited, as well as preventing their manufacturing, convicts and prisoners undergo special operations "Barrier" and "Shield". The authors singled out the categories of persons who are most inclined to hand over prohibited items to convicts, namely: convicts’ close relatives who have been granted the right to long-term visits by criminal-executive legislation; convicts’ relatives and other persons who try to transfer prohibited items and substances in transmissions, parcels and packages; PI staff; relatives, friends or former servicemen who throw prohibited items over the fences of the penal institution; persons who use vehicles to deliver prohibited items to the territory of the penal institution; other persons who have access to the territory of such institutions. The authors came to the conclusion that in order to improve the counteraction to the blocking of the channels of incoming prohibited items to convicts, it is necessary to: use the latest technologies in the field of protection of the perimeters of the penal institutions; amend existing legislation and improve preventive work in this area. Key words: prohibited items, blocking, channels of incoming, penal institutions, detection.
WiFi and Bluetooth Low Energy Beacons for Indoor Positioning System
Authors: Zulkpli Nurul Fatehah , Ab. Aziz Nor Azlina , Abd Rahman Noor Ziela , Besar Rosli
Published: December 2020

Indoor Positioning System (IPS) is used to locate a person, an object or a location inside a building. IPS is important in providing location-based services, which has recently gain much popularity. The services ease visitors’ navigation at unfamiliar premises. Location-based services depend on the capability of IPS to accurately determine the location of the user, which is a challenging issue in indoor environments. Several wireless technologies are available. In this paper, two of the most widely used IPS technologies are reviewed which are, WiFi and Bluetooth low energy (BLE). Their advantages and disadvantages are reviewed and reported here. Comparison of the systems based on their performance, accuracy and limitations are presented as well.
Outcome of Single Shot versus Serial Dilatation Technique for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
Authors: Kamal AHM Mostofa , Alam Md Shawkat , Alam Md Naushad , Babul Md Safiul Alam , Chowdhury Anup Roy , Hasan Shahriar Md Kabir , Chowdhury Md Moynul Hoque , Rahman Md Habibur
Published: December 2020

Background: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is a common procedure for the removal of renal stones larger than 2 cm size with the advantages of lower morbidity rates, decrease in post-operative pain with faster post-operative recovery & thereby less duration of postoperative hospital stay. One of the fundamental steps of PCNL is the creation of the nephrostomy access. It can be done either by single shot dilatation or by multi-increment serial dilatation technique.
Objectives: To compare the outcome of PCNL done by single versus serial dilatation technique with specific reference to renal access time, total operative time, stone clearance rate, postoperative haematuria and duration of postoperative hospital stay.
Methods: It was a prospective interventional study with a sample size of sixty where odd number patients were included in group A (PCNL by single shot dilatation technique) & even number patients were in group B (PCNL by serial dilatation technique). After meticulous checking and rechecking, collected data were compiled and statistical analysis was done using computer based software SPSS (statistical package for social science, Version- 16) and Students t-test and Chi-square test were applied for hypothesis testing. ‘P’ value <0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Comparison between the two groups regarding stone size, stone clearance rate, postoperative haematuria and postoperative hospital stay were not statistically significant (p> 0.05). But mean renal access time in minutes (group A was 3.43 ± 1.14 and group B was 4.20 ± 1.37) and the mean operative time in minutes (group A was 91.13 ± 19.08 and group B was 101.67 ± 15.81) between the groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Percutaneous nephrostomy access can be successfully performed by single shot dilatation technique during PCNL with the advantages of shorter renal access time and total operative time.
Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 23, No. 2, July 2020 p.124-128