bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on seismic behavior of a concrete elevated tank with frame shaped base using SMA damper
Authors: Khosravi Hossein , Ghaderi Mahdi , Atashi Amir , Mousavi Sayed Shoaib
Published: November 2017

Shape memory alloys are considered as novel materials, and during the recent decades, these materials are increasingly used with different applications in various fields of science and engineering. Shaped memory alloys are extensively used in the field of structures and earthquake engineering. These alloys are so expensive, and they are not sufficiently economical to be used in structures, so scholars sought to find a combination usage of these materials along with steel in order to achieve the maximum efficiency. We can make any structure resistant enough against the dynamic loads and forces exerted due to earthquakes, by placing a new member in the structure, so called Damper, which is regarded as a factor with a capability of dissipating the energy. In the present paper, an elevated tank with a capacity of 1500 m3 and frame-shaped base of 37.5 m in height, equipped with SMA damper at the tank-to-beam connection has been analyzed. It should be noted that the SMA material was used on first and seventh storey of the frame-shaped base. A numerical model of the tank was developed using Abaqus software and it was analyzed by applying EL-Centro earthquake record. Then, the best placement states of the SMA dampers indicating a better seismic behaviour were proposed. The findings indicate that an elevated tank with SMA damper has a better seismic behaviour, especially in the upper section of the beam, compared to other models.
Identification of multi-fault in rotor-bearing system using spectral kurtosis and EEMD
Authors: Gong Xiaoyun , Du Wenliao , Georgiadis Anthimos , Zhao Baowei
Published: November 2017

Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis via vibration signal processing play an important role to avoid serious accidents. Aiming at the complexity of multiple faults in a rotor-bearing system and drawback, the characteristic frequency of relevant fault could not be determined effectively with traditional method. The Spectral Kurtosis (SK) is useful for the bearing fault detection. Nevertheless, the simulation of experiment in this paper shows that the SK is unable to identify multi-fault of rotor-bearing system fully when different faults excite different resonance frequencies. A new multi-fault detection method based on EEMD and spectral kurtosis (SK) is proposed in order to overcoming the shortcoming. The proposed method is applied to multi-faults of rotor imbalance and faulty bearings. The superiority of the proposed method based on spectral kurtosis (SK) and EEMD is demonstrated in extracting fault characteristic information of rotating machinery.
Numerical optimization for radiated noises of centrifugal pumps in the near-field and far-field based on a novel MLGA-PSO algorithm
Authors: Lu Xue Yu , Lu Zheng Qiao
Published: November 2017

As the flow structure in the centrifugal pump is complicated, it always causes serious noises, which has become an important problem in environmental protections. Some works have been completed for optimizing and reducing radiated noises of centrifugal pumps, but optimized algorithms are traditional and easily fall into local extreme values, so that final results are not always the optimal. For overcoming disadvantages of traditional algorithms, this paper proposed a novel MLGA-PSO (Multi-layer Genetic Algorithm-Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm to make an optimization for noises and hydraulic performance of centrifugal pumps. This algorithm starts from the organizational structure of individuals and separates the global search from the local search, which can not only accelerate the convergence speed, but also avoid reducing the global search ability. The algorithm could effectively overcome the contradiction between global search ability and convergence speed. Inlet diameter, impeller blade outlet width, blade outlet angle and amount of blades are as designed variables. In order to verify advantages of the proposed MLGA-PSO algorithm in global search ability, optimizing speed and stability, GA (Genetic Algorithm), PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and GA-PSO (Genetic Algorithm-Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithms are chosen to carry out the compared experiment. Results show that the proposed MLGA-PSO algorithm has higher efficiency and accuracy. Finally, total noises of the optimized noise in the near-field and far-field using MLGA-PSO algorithm are 181 dB and 74 dB, respectively. Total noises in the near-field are reduced by 4.7 %, while those in the far-field are reduced by 16.9 %. It is clearly that the optimized centrifugal pump presents an obvious noise reduction effect.
Feature reconstruction based on t-SNE: an approach for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery
Authors: Chen Jiayu , Zhou Dong , Lyu Chuan , Lu Chen
Published: November 2017

It is crucial to effectively and accurately diagnose the faults of rotating machinery. However, the high-dimensional characteristic of the features, which are extracted from the vibration signals of rotating machinery, makes it difficult to accurately recognize the fault mode. To resolve this problem, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) is introduced to reduce the dimensionality of the feature vector in this paper. Therefore, the article describes a proposed method for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on local characteristic decomposition-sample entropy (LCD-SampEn), t-SNE and random forest (RF). First, the original vibration signals of rotating machinery are decomposed to a number of intrinsic scale components (ISCs) by the LCD. Next, the feature vector is obtained through calculating SampEn of each ISC. Subsequently, t-SNE is used to reduce the dimension of the feature vectors. Finally, the reconstructed feature vectors are applied to the RF for implementing the classification of the fault patterns. Two cases are studied based on the experimental data of the fault diagnoses of a bearing and a hydraulic pump. The proposed method can achieve a diagnosis rate of 98.22 % and 98.75 % for the bearing and the hydraulic pump, respectively. Compared with the other methods, the proposed approach exhibits the best performance. The results validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
Features of dynamics of mechanical system with self-synchronizing vibroexciters near resonance
Authors: Eremeykin Sergey , Panovko Grigory , Shokhin Alexander
Published: November 2017

The paper describes some features of behavior of a mechanical system with self-synchronizing vibroexciters. The influence of friction torque in the bearings of vibroexciters rotors on their self-synchronization has been established by means of experimental research and mathematical simulation. Both the causes and frequency ranges of gaps in frequency responses has been found out. Further modification of the previously proposed algorithm for resonant tuning has expanded working regimes limits of the control system and improved resonant tuning stability.
Sintesis in-situ de nanopartículas de peróxido de zinc sobre fibras de plátano con potencial en la industria textil
Authors: Ballesteros García María Estefanía , Duran Romero John Ricardo Jr. , García Juliana , Pataquiva-Mateus Alis
Published: November 2017

El presente trabajo de investigación plantea un desarrollo entorno al manejo de residuos en los cultivos de plátano, siendo una idea sostenible con respecto a la extracción y adquisición de fibras con cualidades innovadoras que posean nanopartículas (NPs) de ZnO2 como la capacidad antimicrobiana. La finalidad de la investigación fue la de nanoestructurar fibras provenientes de residuos del plátano con NPs de peróxido de zinc como una propuesta sostenible, teniendo en cuenta factores de optimización en procesos para la síntesis de las nanopartículas. Los resultados más relevantes se obtuvieron en la prueba física microscopia electrónica de barrido (SEM), en donde se destaca el tamaño nanométrico de las partículas sintetizadas de 94 nm. Se demostró el factor hidrofóbico de las fibras de plátano por encima de las fibras de algodón.
Multidetector CT in Quantitative Morphometric Assessment of Post-Menopausal Vertebral Fractures in Black Women of Central Africa
Authors: Kabenkama Joseph Médard Kabeya , Ilunga Lydie Banza , Tshikwela Michel Lelo , Tshibola Jean Mukaya , Rahma Tozin , Muamba Jean-Marie Mbuyi
Published: November 2017

Osteoporosis and major Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are identified by WHO as leading cause of death worldwide.

Its economic burden is heavy worldwide and in particularly in low income countries.

DXA availability is poorly in our country. Spine CT scanner with sagittal reformattion images are known for the ease quotation of vertebral fractures by quantitative morphometric system described by Genant et al. (1996).

Patients and methods

430 consecutives post menopausal women refered for Thoraco-lumbar CT scanner from June 2011 to june were enrolled in this study and theirs CT images used to quote vertebrae.

Results

12.89% of a total of 4730 vertebrae were fractured whose more than half (7.82%) of grade 1. The fracture rate is lower than in caucasian and asean and increase with ageing and duration of menopausis (24.51% in 70 years of age and over).

Conclusion

Vertebral fracture global frequency was 12.89%.

Vertebral fractures are present in our population and adverses consequences will arises in terms of morbidity and mortality.

Lack of infrastuctures, health policy and powerty will contributes to boost for a bader pronostics.

The method is reproductible and can be used as routine clinical tools in conditions of poor availability of DXA.
Development and preliminary evidence of the psychometric properties of the GNE myopathy functional activity scale
Authors: Mayhew Jill , Bonner Nicola , Arbuckle Rob , Turnbull Alice , Bowden Alexandra , Skrinar Alison
Published: November 2017

Aim:
GNE myopathy, a rare, severe, progressive myopathy, presents with lower extremity distal muscle weakness. The GNE myopathy functional activity scale (GNEM-FAS) evaluates the impact of GNE myopathy on functioning in adults. This paper presents the psychometric validation of the GNEM-FAS.
Patients & methods:
Validation of the GNEM-FAS was performed using data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase-II study (n = 46).
Results:
Domain score distributions were acceptable. Moderate inter-item correlations (typical range, 0.40–0.70), strong item convergent and discriminant validity and high internal consistency reliability (α = 0.88–0.92) supported the instrument structure. Test–retest reliability was strong (ICC range: 0.87–0.95). Scale scores distinguished among subjects with differing disease severity (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
This study provides preliminary evidence of the GNEM-FAS as a valid, reliable assessment.
ANALISIS KEGAGALAN PROSES INSULASI PADA PRODUKSI AUTOMOTIVE WIRES (AW) DENGAN METODE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) PADA PT JLC
Authors: Hasbullah Hasbullah , Kholil Muhammad , Santoso Dwi Aji
Published: November 2017

FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis)  adalah metode yang digunakan dalam mengidentifikasi kemungkinan  kegagalan  pada proses, fungsi  dan design produk  sehingga diketahui penyebab dan  akibatnya  untuk meningkatkan mutu dan reliabilitas produk. Kegagalan proses insulasi pada proses produksi AW (Automotive Wire) mengganggu kinerja produksi PT JLC.  FMEA  digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mencegah potensi kegagalan proses insulasi pada produksi produk AW (Automotive Wire) di PT JLC . FMEA diulas oleh banyak riset sebagai metode efektif dan dijadikan format standar yang digunakan oleh industri otomotif dalam membuat daftar potensi kegagalan sehingga dapat mengetahui penyebab, dampak dan tindakan pencegahan dalam mengatasinya. FMEA menyediakan metode dalam membuat daftar potensi kegagalan produk AW (Automotive Ware) melalui penilaian kuantitatif dengan kriteria  tiga aspek yaitu Tingkat kemungkinan frekwensi terjadi kegagalan (O=Occurence), Tingkat resiko akibat kegagalan (S=Severity) dan Tingkat kemungkinan bisa dideteksi (D=Detection). Dari hasil perhitungan dan analisis FMEA maka dihasilkan daftar urutan prioritas potensi kegagalan  proses insulasi melalui perhitungan pada tiga aspek Occurence (O), Severity (S) dan Detection (D) disertai kemungkinan penyebab, dampak dan solusinya. Dua potensi kegagalan terbesar adalah Ketidaksesuaian warna (terlau tua atau muda), marking tidak tercetak jelas dan permukaan insulasi yang kasar. FMEA  mampu mengidentifikasi penyebab, dampak dan  pencegahan untuk mengantisipasi kegagalan tersebut.
PERANCANGAN INSTALASI PENANGKAL PETIR EKSTERNAL POLITEKNIK ENJINERING INDORAMA
Authors: Suryadi Aris
Published: November 2017

Petir merupakan salah satu fenomena tegangan dan arus tinggi yang terjadi dalam waktu  amat singkat (impuls) yang bermula dari ionisasi hingga loncatan muatan dari awan ke tanah atau sebaliknya. Untuk melindungi dan mengurangi dampak kerusakan akibat sambaran petir, maka dipasang sistem pengaman berupa sistem penangkal petir beserta pentanahannya. Pemasangan sistem tersebut didasari oleh perhitungan resiko kerusakan akibat sambaran petir terhadap gedung. Perhitungan resiko ini digunakan sebagai standar untuk mengetahui kebutuhan pemasangan sistem penangkal petir pada bangunan tersebut. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh informasi tentang tingkat perkiraan bahaya atas sambaran petir terhadap gedung-gedung di kampus Politeknik Enjinering Indorama dan direncanakan instalasi penangkal petir di area kampus Politeknik Enjinering Indorama. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini berupa luas daerah yang menarik sambaran petir untuk cakupan 1 sebesar 2686,34 m2 dengan tahanan pentanahan 2,41 Ω, untuk cakupan 2 sebesar 3120,78 m2 dengan tahanan pentanahan 2,37 Ω, cakupan 3 sebesar 5896,78 m2 dengan tahanan pentanahan 1,27 Ω, serta jumlah sambaran petir 0,17466 sambaran petir/hari/km2. Kesimpulan ini menunjukkan tingkat kebutuhan pengaman gedung-gedung di area kampus Politeknik Enjinering Indorama terhadap sambaran petir.
Corporate Governance Principles and Sustainability
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn
Published: November 2017

With 21st century U.S. frauds destroying well over one trillion of market capitalization and now with Valeant’s 2016 market cap destruction of $86 billion, the question must again be asked: where were the gatekeepers (boards of directors, regulators, sell-side financial analysts, and auditors) to protect investors? Many of these frauds were caught only by short sellers, such as Jim Chanos (shorting Enron in 2000 and Valeant in 2014), Andrew Left (shorting Valeant in 2015), and buy-side financial analysts. Sir David Tweedy, the former chair of the International Accounting Standards Board, has commented: “The scandals that we have seen in recent years are often attributed to accounting although, in fact, I think the U.S. cases are corporate governance scandals involving fraud” (Tweedy, 2007).
This paper is a case study using the Valeant $86 billion market cap destruction in 2016 to emphasize the timeless nature of such corporate governance scandals. This scandal was even larger than the infamous $78 billion market cap destruction scandal of Enron which occurred 15 years earlier in 2001. These scandals appear here to stay as the new normal so these gatekeepers should be doing everything they can to analyze the ongoing fraud problems. Accordingly, as a case study, this paper develops lessons learned from this $86 billion Valeant scandal to emphasize the importance of sustainable corporate governance principles as a pathway to avoid malpractices in the future.
We – today’s and tomorrow’s – people of the united world: rethinking capitalism for intergenerational justice in the fin-de-millénaire
Authors: Puaschunder Julia M.
Published: November 2017

Globalization leveraged pressure on contemporary society. Today’s most pressing social dilemmas regarding climate change, overindebtedness and aging Western world populations demand rethinking capitalism. Understanding the bounds of capitalism to avoid ethical downfalls beyond the control of singular nation states infringing on intergenerational equity – the fairness to provide an at least as favorable standard of living to future generations as enjoyed today – has become a blatant demand. This article captures the human natural drive towards intergenerational fairness in order to retrieve information on how to implement intergenerational justice. Based on the idea of intergenerational equity as a natural behavioral law, the following paper theoretically outlines the current societal demand for eternal equity and proposes intergenerational justice theories. Intertemporal connectedness and interaction of overlapping generations enables intergenerational benefits transfers and burden sharing. Social mobility within networks comprised of different generations is enhanced through social upward movement opportunities. In addition, meritocracy helps alleviate intergenerational inequality. Describing intergenerational care as something natural that has been practiced ever since helps spearhead interdisciplinary endeavours to solve contemporary predicaments between overlapping generations. Exploring intergenerational opportunities is targeted at innovatively guiding the implementation of justice over time and between generations. Strengthening financial social responsibility, social welfare and environmental protection through future-oriented and socially responsible economic market approaches of capitalism in the 21st century is aimed at alleviating predictable economic, social and environmental crises to ensure a future sustainable humankind for this generation and the following.
Steganography method for the G.711 channel
Authors: Nikitin Anton , Makov Sergey , Klimenko Sergey
Published: November 2017

This paper deals with an improved algorithm developed for the transmission of
the hidden information in the G.711 channel [1]. The subject of the research
is a method of improving characteristics of a steganography system by means
of using specially developed codes. Also analysis of transmission
characteristics of the hidden information depending on a number of bits of
the original data replaced at a given threshold was conducted.
Medical image segmentation using modified active contour method
Authors: Voronin Viacheslav , Balabaeva Oxana , Tokareva Svetlana , Semenishchev Evgenii , Dub Vladimir
Published: November 2017

Image data is of major practical importance in medical informatics. Accurate
segmentation of medical images largely determines the final result of image
analysis, which provides significant information for 3D visualization,
surgical planning and early detection of diseases. In this paper, a modified
segmentation approach based on the active contour method is proposed to
extract parts of bones from MRI data sets. The efficiency of the method is
verified on real MRI slices. Good results are shown in comparison with
existing approaches of segmentation of medical data.
On geometrization of motion of some nonholonomic systems
Authors: Baksa Aleksandar
Published: November 2017

nema
Effects of different etching methods and bonding procedures on shear bond strength of orthodontic metal brackets applied to different CAD/CAM ceramic materials
Authors: Buyuk S. Kutalmış , Kucukekenci Ahmet Serkan
Published: November 2017

Objective:

To investigate the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic metal brackets applied to different types of ceramic surfaces treated with different etching procedures and bonding agents.

Materials and Methods:

Monolithic CAD/CAM ceramic specimens (N = 120; n = 40 each group) of feldspathic ceramic Vita Mark II, resin nanoceramic Lava Ultimate, and hybrid ceramic Vita Enamic were fabricated (14 × 12 × 3 mm). Ceramic specimens were separated into four subgroups (n = 10) according to type of surface treatment and bonding onto the ceramic surface. Within each group, four subgroups were prepared by phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, Transbond XT primer, and Clearfill Ceramic primer. Mandibular central incisor metal brackets were bonded with light-cure composite. The SBS data were analyzed using three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD tests.

Results:

The highest SBS was found in the Vita Enamic group, which is a hybrid ceramic, etched with hydrofluoric acid and applied Transbond XT Adhesive primer (7.28 ± 2.49 MPa). The lowest SBS was found in the Lava Ultimate group, which is a resin nano-ceramic etched with hydrofluoric acid and applied Clearfill ceramic primer (2.20 ± 1.21 MPa).

Conclusions:

CAD/CAM material types and bonding procedures affected bond strength (P < .05), but the etching procedure did not (P > .05). The use of Transbond XT as a primer bonding agent resulted in higher SBS.
Low Neonatal Plasma n-6/n-3 PUFA Ratios Regulate Offspring Adipogenic Potential and Condition Adult Obesity Resistance
Authors: Rudolph Michael C. , Jackman Matthew R. , Presby David M. , Houck Julie A. , Webb Patricia G. , Johnson Ginger C. , Soderborg Taylor K. , de la Houssaye Becky A. , Yang Ivana V. , Friedman Jacob E. , MacLean Paul S.
Published: November 2017

Adipose tissue expansion progresses rapidly during postnatal life, influenced by both prenatal maternal factors and postnatal developmental cues. The ratio of omega-6 (n-6) relative to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is believed to regulate perinatal adipogenesis, but the cellular mechanisms and long-term effects are not well understood. We lowered the fetal and postnatal n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio exposure in wild-type offspring under standard maternal dietary fat amounts to test the effects of low n-6/n-3 ratios on offspring adipogenesis and adipogenic potential. Relative to wild-type pups receiving high perinatal n-6/n-3 ratios, subcutaneous adipose tissue in 14-day-old wild-type pups receiving low n-6/n-3 ratios had more adipocytes that were smaller in size; decreased Pparγ2, Fabp4, and Plin1; several lipid metabolism mRNAs; coincident hypermethylation of the PPARγ2 proximal promoter; and elevated circulating adiponectin. As adults, offspring that received low perinatal n-6/n-3 ratios were diet-induced obesity (DIO) resistant and had a lower positive energy balance and energy intake, greater lipid fuel preference and non–resting energy expenditure, one-half the body fat, and better glucose clearance. Together, the findings support a model in which low early-life n-6/n-3 ratios remodel adipose morphology to increase circulating adiponectin, resulting in a persistent adult phenotype with improved metabolic flexibility that prevents DIO.
The Role of Peers for Diabetes Management in Adolescents and Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Raymaekers Koen , Oris Leen , Prikken Sofie , Moons Philip , Goossens Eva , Weets Ilse , Luyckx Koen
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE

The increasing importance of peers in adolescence and emerging adulthood has been widely acknowledged. However, longitudinal research linking the peer context to diabetes management and outcomes is scarce. The present longitudinal study in a large sample of youths with type 1 diabetes related both positive and negative peer variables to diabetes outcomes over a time interval of 1 year.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Our sample consisted of 467 adolescents (14–17 years of age) and emerging adults (18–25 years of age) with type 1 diabetes who participated in a two-wave longitudinal study. Questionnaires tapped into peer support, extreme peer orientation, parental responsiveness, diabetes-related distress, and treatment adherence. HbA1c values were obtained from the treating physicians of patients. Cross-lagged analysis from a structural equation modeling approach was performed to assess the directionality of effects.

RESULTS

Peer support negatively predicted diabetes-related distress over time. Extreme peer orientation positively predicted treatment distress over time. Parental responsiveness negatively predicted food distress over time. Treatment adherence negatively predicted extreme peer orientation, treatment distress, and HbA1c values over time. For emerging adults specifically, there was a reciprocal relationship between HbA1c values and extreme peer orientation because they positively predicted each other.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the importance of peers in predicting the functioning of youths with type 1 diabetes. Additionally, treatment adherence at baseline was found to negatively predict extreme peer orientation, treatment distress, and worse glycemic control over time. In sum, the current study underscores the importance of the peer context for adolescents and emerging adults with type 1 diabetes.
Enhanced Predictive Capability of a 1-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Pareek Manan , Bhatt Deepak L. , Nielsen Mette L. , Jagannathan Ram , Eriksson Karl-Fredrik , Nilsson Peter M. , Bergman Michael , Olsen Michael H.
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVE

To examine whether the 1-h blood glucose measurement would be a more suitable screening tool for assessing the risk of diabetes and its complications than the 2-h measurement.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a prospective population-based cohort study of 4,867 men, randomly selected from prespecified birth cohorts between 1921 and 1949, who underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with blood glucose measurements at 0, 1, and 2 h. Subjects were followed for up to 39 years, with registry-based recording of events. Discriminative abilities of elevated 1-h (≥8.6 mmol/L) versus 2-h (≥7.8 mmol/L) glucose for predicting incident type 2 diabetes, vascular complications, and mortality were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox proportional hazards regression, and net reclassification improvement.

RESULTS

Median age was 48 years (interquartile range [IQR] 48–49). During follow-up (median 33 years [IQR 24–37]), 636 (13%) developed type 2 diabetes. Elevated 1-h glucose was associated with incident diabetes (hazard ratio 3.40 [95% CI 2.90–3.98], P < 0.001) and provided better risk assessment than impaired glucose tolerance (Harrell concordance index 0.637 vs. 0.511, P < 0.001). Addition of a 1-h measurement in subjects stratified by fasting glucose provided greater net reclassification improvement than the addition of a 2-h measurement (0.214 vs. 0.016, respectively). Finally, the 1-h glucose was significantly associated with vascular complications and mortality.

CONCLUSIONS

The 1-h blood glucose level is a stronger predictor of future type 2 diabetes than the 2-h level and is associated with diabetes complications and mortality.
Treatment of Obesity in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Bramante Carolyn T. , Lee Clare J. , Gudzune Kimberly A.
Published: November 2017

IN BRIEF More than 90% of patients with diabetes have overweight or obesity. Whereas weight gain and obesity worsen insulin resistance, weight loss slows the progression of diabetes complications. Given the elevated risk for diabetes complications in patients with obesity, clinicians must understand how to treat obesity in their patients with diabetes, including providing counseling and behavioral management, referral to weight loss programs, and medication management. This article summarizes guidelines for diagnosing and managing obesity in people with diabetes.
Obesity Pharmacotherapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kahan Scott , Fujioka Ken
Published: November 2017

IN BRIEF Patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes are key targets for weight loss. Given the lack of behavioral weight loss in most patients, obesity pharmacotherapy options should be considered in this patient population. This article reviews key pharmacotherapy options for patients with coexisting obesity and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes medications that are associated with weight gain should be avoided in these patients if possible.
Multidisciplinary Team–Based Obesity Treatment in Patients With Diabetes: Current Practices and the State of the Science
Authors: Foster Daniel , Sanchez-Collins Shakira , Cheskin Lawrence J.
Published: November 2017

IN BRIEF Rates of obesity and diabetes are growing, as are their costs. Because the two diseases share many key determinants, the paradigms for their treatment overlap. For both, optimal treatment involves a multidisciplinary team following the Chronic Care Model of health care delivery. Combined treatment programs that include 1) a low-calorie diet individualized to patients’ preferences, 2) structured exercise that is also tailored to each patient, and 3) psychotherapy induce the largest weight changes in patients with diabetes. Although diet alone can achieve weight loss, exercise and cognitive behavioral therapy components can enhance the effects of dietary modification. A multidisciplinary team that includes a physician with expertise in pharmacotherapy, a nurse and/or nurse practitioner, a dietitian, an exercise physiologist, and a psychologist can provide a comprehensive weight loss program combining the most effective interventions from each discipline.
NILAI PROFETIK DAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM HUMANISTIK DALAM NOVEL 99 CAHAYA DI LANGIT EROPA KARYA HANUM SALSABIELA DAN RANGGAALMAHENDRA: KAJIAN SEMIOTIK DAN RELEVANSINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA INDONESIA DI SMA
Authors: Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah
Published: November 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan latar sosial budaya pengarang Hanum Salsabiela dan Rangga Almahendra, (2) mendeskripsikan struktur dalam novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropakarya Hanum Salsabiela dan Rangga Almahendra, (3) mendeskripsikan nilai profetik dan pendidikan Islam humanistik dalam novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropakarya Hanum Salsabiela dan Rangga Almahendra (4) mendeskripsikan relevansi nilai profetik dan pendidikan Islam humanistik dengan relevansi dalam pembelajaran sastra Indonesia di SMA. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik pustaka, teknik simak dan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode dialektik, dengan model semiotik dan pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik. Hasil penelitian ini adalah nilai profetik dan pendidikan Islam humanistik menghasilkan (1) pendidikan dan humanum, (b) pendidikan dan humanitas, (3) pendidikan dan humaniora, dan misi profetik nya(1) Amar ma’ruf (humanisasi), (2) Nahi munkar (liberasi) (3) Tu’minuna billah (transendensi). Relevansinya nilai profetik dan   pendidikan Islam humanistik dengan pembelajaran sastra Indonesia di SMA dapat dilihat dari standar kompetensi yang telah ditetapkan berupa sikap (attitude) sama dengan pendidikan dan humanitas, keterampilan (skill) sama dengan pendidikan dan humaniora, dan pengetahuan (knowledge) sama dengan pendidikan humanum. Kata Kunci: Nilai profetik, pendidikan Islam humanistik, novel 99 cahaya di langit Eropa, kajian semiotik, relevansi pembelajaran sastra Indonesia di SMA.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK PENDUKUNG ASI EKSKLUSIF DALAM GERAKAN GEMAR ASI EKSKLUSIF
Authors: Widayati Rina Sri , Wahyuningsih Istiqomah Risa
Published: November 2017

The gold standard in infant feeding and child starting from Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IMD), exclusive breastfeeding for the six months. One of the health problems faced in the area of †health centers Pucang Sawit is the lack of motivation of counselor support group exclusive breastfeeding. There are only three groups motivator breastfeeding support so not comparable with the number of babies in the region Pucang Sawit. Approaches through peer (Peer Support) on exclusive breastfeeding support group as one of the community-based empowerment efforts so as to help improve coverage eksklusive breastfeeding in Surakarta close to the target so that the vision of becoming a pilot Surakarta can be realized. Implementation ofservice programs are divided into three programs: the first socialization to the cadre and peer group as well as breastfeeding support group facilitator conducted one day, both the implementation of training activities breastfeeding support group for 4 days which consists of four small groups and accompanied by two facilitators each and third activity is monitoring and evaluation results formations breastfeeding support groups.
OPTIMALISASI PENGGUNAAN LEGO DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SMP UNTUK MENDUKUNG IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Rejeki Sri
Published: November 2017

kill about using LEGO in mathematics teaching and learning to mathematics teachers. This conducted into three stages of training and two stages of real teaching. The stages of the training were introducing the use of LEGO in mathematics teaching and learning, designing sets of teaching and learning activities using LEGO as the media, and peer teaching. The real teaching conducted in two stages of three meetings for each stages. Twelve mathematics teachers from five schools of Muhammadiyah in Surakarta were participated in this training. The teachers have technically trained with new experiences using LEGO as media in mathematics learning and have developed five sets of lesson plans for the topics of fractions, sets, proportion, linear equation with one variable, and statistics. The real teaching for the topic of fractions was conducted in two of those five schools. The results indicate the learning activities designed support students understanding and attitude in mathematics.
APPEARANCE OF WATER MICROPOLLUTANTS IN WATER AS EFFECTS OF EXTREME METEOROLOGICAL EVENTS
Authors: MOLDOVAN Zaharie , FEHER Ioana , MARINCAS Olivian
Published: November 2017

The objective of the present study is to obtain data on micropollutants sources present in surface and drinking water after extreme meteorological events in Romanian regions. The analyses were performed on water samples collected from potable water sources using GC/MS method after LL extraction. Were detected and discussed anthropogenic compounds from following compound groups: lubricant and plastic additives and hydrocarbons. The compound identification was done based on mass spectra obtained by electron impact ionisation in full scan mode.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran IPA Berbasis Literasi Sains untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Azimi Azimi , Rusilowati Ani , Sulhadi Sulhadi
Published: November 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis literasi sains untuk siswa sekolah dasar. Uji coba produk dilakukan menggunakan pretes-postes one group design melalui dua tahap, yaitu uji skala terbatas dan luas. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan deskriptif persentase, analisis respons, dan uji N-gain. Hasil uji validasi terhadap kelayakan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis literasi sains berada pada kategori “sangat layak” dengan skor 88,40%. Pada uji skala terbatas, siswa memperoleh skor  89,12 ˃ 75,00 berdasarkan hasil praktikum, skor 82,63 ˃ 65,00 berdasarkan nilai belajar, N-gain skor sebesar 0,67 ˃ 0,30, kemampuan literasi sains 11,60 ˃ 11,00 poin masuk dalam kategori level 2, dan Aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dengan skor 2,93 ˃ 2,51. Pada uji skala luas siswa memperoleh   skor  93,04 ˃ 75,00 pada hasil praktikum,    skor 86,37 ˃ 65,00 pada nilai belajar, N-gain skor sebesar 0,69 ˃ 0,30, kemampuan literasi sains 19,92 ˃ 11,00 poin masuk dalam kategori level 2, dan sangat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran dengan skor 3,48 ˃ 2,51. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut, penerapan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis literasi sains efektif dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran skala terbatas dan luas. Hasil uji kepraktisan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis literasi sains berada pada kategori praktis dengan respons positif 86,75% untuk uji skala terbatas dan 87,88% untuk uji skala luas. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa, pembelajaran materi benda dan sifatnya dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran IPA berbasis literasi sains di SD efektif dan praktis.Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran IPA, Literasi Sains
Analisis Kualitas Pertanyaan pada Penggunaan Model Discovery Learning disertai Dialog Socrates
Authors: Octovi Chrisnia , Dewi Linnasif Sari , Suciati Suciati
Published: November 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas pertanyaan siswa pada penggunaan model discovery learning disertai dialog Socrates. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan subyek penelitian siswa kelas XI SMA di Surakarta Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016 yang berjumlah 26 siswa. Data kualitas pertanyaan siswa dikategorikan menjadi 3 (tinggi, sedang, rendah) yang diperoleh dari pertanyaan yang dibuat oleh siswa. Teknik non-tes digunakan untuk pengumpulan data yaitu menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan kualitas pertanyaan yang dibuat siswa pada kategori sedang sebesar 75%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertanyaan yang dibuat oleh siswa pada penggunaan model discovery learning disertai dialog Socrates mengalami peningkatan dari kategori rendah ke kategori sedang.Kata Kunci: Dialog Socrates, kualitas pertanyaan, model discovery learning
Banco de San Carlos
Authors: Moreno Fernández Rafael
Published: November 2017

El Banco de San Carlos se crea en 1782 con tres objetos heterogéneos y que han resultado, en parte, incompresibles a los ojos de algunos investigadores: la gestión de los vales reales, el aprovisionamiento de las tropas y el Real Giro. Sin embargo, existían poderosas razones, y no solo económicas, para integrar en la institución tales actividades.En los primeros años de funcionamiento del Banco se cumplieron e incluso superaron las expectativas de beneficios programadas. Sin embargo, una serie de operaciones conflictivas determinarían una crisis de confianza en la gestión desarrollada por sus administradores. Ante ello, y dadas las carencias de órganos de control efectivo en la entidad, se constituye en 1788 una Comisión de Accionistas, que revisa tanto las cuentas como la conducta moral seguida por los directores. Sus conclusiones, un año después, confirmarían la plena integridad del capital y la realidad de los dividendos repartidos. Una de las aportaciones de esta Comisión será proponer instaurar la figura de los comisarios que, a modo de revisores de cuentas, verificarían anualmente losestados contables.Precisamente, la primera actuación de los comisarios iba a poner reparos a determinadas partidas con Hacienda, motivadas por el negocio fundacional de las provisiones. La evaluación entonces de la situación del Banco refleja un faltante de capital y se propone destinar a su saneamiento la totalidad del beneficio del ejercicio. Sometida esta decisión a los accionistas, acuerdan no recibir dividendo alguno, dedicándolo a la reconstitución del capital, manteniendo así el principio de prudencia, tras esgrimirse poderosas razones. Con nuevos directores en 1790, aunque se incrementa la evaluación del defecto en el capital, se rompe el principio de prudencia, anulando las razones que soportaron la decisión del año precedente, y se reparte un dividendo del 5%. Esta decisión quedaba soportada por unas expectativas que ya existían el año anterior y que no permitían reducir la fuerte incertidumbre existente.

Tres años después el Rey indemnizará al Banco en cantidad suficiente cubriendo, finalmente, tal desequilibrio. Durante ese tiempo el establecimiento siguió repartiendo dividendos, perseverando en el camino de haber quebrado el principio de prudencia antes sentado y en contra del buen crédito del Banco.
Valoración contable de la inversión extranjera
Authors: Casasola Balsells María Araceli , Pérez Chamorro Vicente Antonio , Sánchez Barrios Mariano , Gutiérrez Hidalgo Fernando
Published: November 2017

En España, ha tenido especial importancia la participación de capital extranjero en la modernización industrial a finales del siglo XIX y principios del siglo XX. Sin embargo, en este periodo la literatura en Historia de la Contabilidad ha prestado escasa atención a las prácticas contables relacionadas con la valoración de la inversión extranjera y en especial en empresas concesionarias de servicios públicos del Estado.

En consecuencia, el trabajo tiene como objeto describir las prácticas y exponer las críticas realizadas a la valoración contable de la inversión realizada por la "Compañía Telefónica Nacional de España" (CTNE), subsidiaria de norteamericana "International Telephone and Telegraph Corporation" (ITT), a efectos del rescate por el Estado y denominada "Cantidad Neta invertida". El análisis se lleva a cabo desde el inicio de la concesión monopolista del servicio telefónico nacional otorgada durante la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera en 1924 hasta 1932, cuando durante la Segunda República se intentó a través de un Proyecto de Ley declarar nula e ilegal la concesión y proceder a su incautación.

Los resultados del trabajo identifican las prácticas contables sobre la cantidad neta invertida llevadas a cabo por la CTNE y su divulgación en las memorias anuales. Asimismo, se exponen las principales críticas realizadas en cuanto a la valoración contable de esta partida, resaltando la insuficiente depreciación contable de las infraestructuras telefónicas, la inclusión de ciertos gastos amortizables como el impuesto del Timbre o los costes imputados a las infraestructuras en el momento de su adquisición.
Primeras aproximaciones a la auditoría legal externa de cuentas en España
Authors: Villacorta Hernández Miguel Ángel , Müller Alexander
Published: November 2017

La primera motivación de la investigación es indagar sobre el origen de la auditoría externa obligatoria por mandato legal de cuentas en España. A partir de la Real Orden de 23 de octubre de 1923 se crearon dos comisiones para analizar las dos principales empresas ferroviarias: la Compañía de los Caminos de Hierro del Norte de España (NORTE) y la Compañía de Madrid a Zaragoza y Alicante (MZA). La labor de ambas Comisiones Investigadoras de la Contabilidad de octubre de 1923 es importante, desde el punto de vista historiográfico, por ser el primer antecedente conocido de una rigurosa revisión externa de los estados financieros de las empresas de un sector realizada de forma obligatoria por un mandato legal. El segundo objetivo consiste en evaluar la trascendencia de estas revisiones para la actual contabilidad y auditoría.

Para realizar lo anterior, se ha consultado documentación de las compañías y de los diferentes organismos estatales recogidos en el Archivo Histórico Ferroviario de la Fundación de los Ferrocarriles Españoles (AHF).

La contribución del trabajo es que esta revisión tuvo un papel estelar entre los incipientes esfuerzos de revisión de los estados contables, y podría ser considerada como la primera auditoría de cuentas de España. La otra conclusión de la investigación es que la Real Orden de 23 de octubre de 1923 fue más un instrumento político que de validación de la situación económica; no obstante, el nivel de calidad de la revisión -aun con deficiencias- es elevado para el momento en que se realizó.
tale of two breweries, a city, a depression and a nationalist socialist regime -as told from annual accounts and the supervisory board report
Authors: Martínez Franco Carmen María , Quinn Martin
Published: November 2017

This paper presents storytelling as a useful research method in its own right, but also to scope out research projects. Construction of a story from archival accounting documents is undertaken. Using archival accounting data from two German breweries - Löwenbräu and Spaten - from 1929 to 1939, it constructs a story of the relatively complex business environment at the time. Only the financial statements and report of the Supervisory Board (Aufsichtsrat) are used. The story constructed is rich and reveals interesting reasons for the generally decreasing performance. This in turn raises several questions for further research into the two breweries. Arguably, without the construction of the story, such questions and areas of potential interest would not reveal themselves. The method described is useful for researchers to scope out research projects using accounting data and may also be useful for establishing context to accounting and business history studies.
On the italian debate concerning “Economia Aziendale”. The recent discovery of a manuscript by Emilio Ravenna (1930)
Authors: Costa Massimo
Published: November 2017

The paper relies upon the recent discovery of the textbook of Accounting adopted in Palermo’s High Business School (the ‘ancestor’ of the Faculty of ‘Economics & Business’, founded after in 1936), just in its first years of opening (academic year 1930-31). It is a printed manuscript. This book was written by the local professor of Accounting, Emilio Ravenna, who operated in Sicily between the last decades of XIX century and the firstones of XX one, commonly considered (Guzzo, 2003) an intermediate scholar between the ‘Venetian’ (Besta) and ‘Tuscan’ (Cerboni) Italian Schools, adhering to the former for the accounting method and to the latter for the general theory of administrative functions, but here revealing more as belonging to the latter. The book is placed within a period of strong debate for the Italian community, after Zappa’s manifesto for the new science of “Economiaaziendale”, and also includes a full conception of Accounting as an open criticism to “Economia aziendale”. The interest for this discovery is due to the explicit answer to the defy launched at ‘Ca’ Foscari’ (University of Venice) by Gino Zappa. But the most relevant issue is that this answer does not come from the main ‘Venetian School’ of Besta disciples, then dominating in Italy, but from a true ‘survivor’ of the older ‘Tuscan School’, strictly follower of Giovanni Rossi work, and in those times already declined. It is noteworthy the fact Ravenna generally agrees with Zappa, confuting, however, only that his conceptions would be really new. The following paper, then, presenting the basic contents of the aforementioned book, with a peculiar stress on the doctrinal items concerning Accounting and “Economia aziendale”, reveals a continuity, perhaps overestimated by Ravenna,between the late XIX-century ‘Scientific Accounting’ by Cerboni and the early XX-century “Economia aziendale” by Zappa.
OPINIÓN Opinion Intervention of Esteban Hernandez Esteve at the panel dicussion "Getting research published". The Fourth Accounting History International Conference, Braga (Portugal), September 7-9, 2005 (English version)
Authors: Hernández Esteve Esteban
Published: November 2017

OPINIÓN Opinion Intervention of Esteban Hernandez Esteve at the panel dicussion "Getting research published". The Fourth Accounting History International Conference, Braga (Portugal), September 7-9, 2005 (English version)
Important stages in the development of Romanian accounting profession (from 1800 up to now)
Authors: Tiron Tudor Adriana , Mutiu Alexandra
Published: November 2017

El conocimiento de la historia ayuda a entender el presente y a predecir el futuro. Al aplicar esta afirmación a la profesión contable, nuestro propósito es contribuir al conocimiento de la historia de la profesión contable en Rumania, a través de una investigación documental e historiográfica.

Existe muy poca documentación en Rumania en relación con los momentos clave de la historia de la profesión contable en Rumania tanto en el contexto socio-económico como político de nuestro país.

Este artículo presenta algunos hechos significativos en la historia en la historia de la profesión contable en Rumania. Se identifican cuatro períodos desde 1850: 1850-1900, período que se caracteriza por la adopción de las mejores prácticas contables europeas; 1900-1950, período en el que la profesión contable se involucró realmente en la vida económica, interesándose por el desarrollo de actividades académicas por parte de sus miembros; 1950-1990 es un período marcado por la “adopción” del modelo contable soviético, período en el cual el espíritu y la profesión contables quedaron destruidos; en el último período, desde 1990 hasta nuestro días, Rumania comenzó a mejorar la convergencia de su sistema contable, aplicando en una primera etapa el modelo francés, para continuar luego en nuestros días con su aproximación a los IFRS. El papel jugado por la profesión contable en las últimas décadas es crucial, debido a su motivación y los deseos de implantar “el mejor” sistema contable, así como su actividad diaria, desarrollada en provecho de sus miembros.