Medreseler Üzerine Sosyolojik Bir Araştırma -Tillo Örneği
Authors: Bayram Kayhan 
Published: January 2025

2014 yılında bir bilimsel (nitel) saha çalışmasının ürünü olan bu çalışma, kadim bir eğitim geleneğinin kurumsal yapısını, sosyolojik teknik ve analizlerle okuyucularına sunmaktadır. Kitap klasik medrese eğitiminin geçmişini, bugününü ve geleceğini Tillo Medresesi üzerinden ele alırken, bu klasik kurumun kavramsal ve epistemik boyutlarını da paylaşmaktadır. Kitapta medrese ile ilgili geçmişten günümüze var olma serüvenini, eğitim öğretim sistemi içerindeki mücadelesi ile çeşitli kaynak taramalarını bir araya getirmektedir. Çalışma Tillo Medresesi üzerinden, medreselerin günümüzdeki sosyal fonksiyon ve sosyolojik varlığının imkanını somut verilerle ilgili literatür ile paylaşmaktadır. rn-------------------rnMadrasah is the common name used by the instutions that provide education in the intermediate and advanced level. Madrasahs have been the educational instutions providing education and labour force in the country they are in, especially during the mid- sixteenth century, Having various different goals, the madrasahs have raised students aiming to give them certain perspectives. The other goal is to influence the crowd and shape their point of view, which is the sociological aspect of those educational instutions. However, those education centers haven’t been able to maintain their presence and just a few of them in some of the different parts of our country have been trying to fulfill their mission. The most outstanding example of those education instutions is undoubtfully “ Tillo Madrasah”rnThanks to the attemps of Molla Burhaneddin Mücahidi, Tillo Madrasah has taken its present shape and still been providing education in the classic sense for seventy years. It hasn’t lost its prestige and popularity till then. The Madrasah has been trying to provide education using modern equipment. The education provided by the Madrasahs is believed to be a necessity for the all society, so spread of the madrasah education is necessary for the other regions, as well.rn No discrimination in race, language, region, city, religious group or sect occurs in Madrasahs so students educated in madrasahs are chosen among different groups of people. But, in order to get education in Madrasahs you have to be a moslem. The positive influence of the Madrasah in the social, cultural and economic sense can be seen in Siirt and the nearby cities, especiall on the Tillo community. Shaped by the traditional Şafi culture, the Tillo Madrasah also bears Sufistic reflections in it.rnAs a result of the study, the results shaped according to the literature analysis and the data obtained are presented in two sections except the introduction section. In the introduction section, while presenting the methodological dimension of the research, some problematic issues of sociology and religious sociology are also highlighted and the methods and techniques of these fields are included. In the first section of the study, terminological and historical analysis of some concepts related to the research topic is included and the institutional dimension of the madrasahs is emphasized. In the second section, while the geographical, economic, cultural, historical and educational characteristics of Tillo and Siirt are mentioned, more sociological analyses are presented about the Tillo madrasah. In the continuation, many elements such as the education, social life and social relations within the madrasah, physical structure, economic situation, Sufism-tarikat-madrasah relations, and the aims and goals of the members of the madrasah are taken into consideration.rnThe tradition of the madrasah as a classical educational institution is being tried to be continued in Tillo Madrasah today. The effect of the Sufi living conditions on education that continues in Tillo Madrasah and is clearly seen in the structure of the madrasah. The Sufi school that has seen this effect is mostly Naqshbandi. The madrasah does not have a lodge or zawiya structure. In fact, one of the biggest reasons for preserving its traditional structure is that it was established for educational purposes and while working for this purpose, it did not keep its Sufi structure away from the madrasah. The madrasah was affected by the processes that the country went through and somehow maintained its general traditional educational structure. In addition, the madrasah accepts students from all over Turkey, especially from the Southeastern Anatolia region.