bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efeitos tóxicos dos fungos nos alimentos
Authors: De Souza Daiane Ribeiro , De Sousa Geovanna Arnaldo , De Araujo Izael Francisco Brito , Pereira Lara Mota , Bezerra Vitória de Sá , Marques Rosemarie Brandim
Published: August 2017

As micotoxinas são metabólitos secundários com variado grau de toxicidade e produzidas por diversos fungos.  O objetivo deste trabalho foi apresentar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as principais micotoxinas, os tipos de alimentos contaminados, métodos de detecção e diagnóstico, bem como os sinais e sintomas ocasionados pela intoxicação fúngica em animais e humanos. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico através de uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados SciELO, Lilacs, PubMed e BVS, utilizando como principais palavras-chave: micotoxinas e micotoxinas em alimentos, em grãos e cereais, frutas. As micotoxinas mais comuns são as aflatoxinas, fumosininas, ocratoxinas e tricotecenos. Podem contaminar grãos como milho e amendoim, frutas como uvas e maçãs, bem como estar presente no leite. Dentre os problemas de saúde que podem acometer humanos e outros animais, estão a mutagenicidade, carcinogenicidade, teratogenicidade e imunossupressão.Ffaz-se necessário, portanto, um rígido controle qualitativo na produção de alimentos para que os riscos de contaminação por micotoxinas possam ser diminuídos de modo a evitar intoxicações.
Análise da contaminação por agrotóxicos em fontes de água de comunidades agrícolas no Extremo Sul da Bahia
Authors: Portugal Érica de Jesus , Burth Patrícia , FORTUNA JORGE LUIZ
Published: August 2017

A implementação excessiva dos recursos tecnológicos nas atividades agrícolas, tais como aplicação de agrotóxicos, fertilizantes, máquinas e implementos agrícolas, agravam o desequilíbrio do ecossistema. A região do Extremo Sul da Bahia possui afluentes e inúmeros minadouros e nascentes, onde a água é visivelmente limpa e agradável. Sendo assim é preocupante o uso contínuo e indiscriminado de agrotóxicos em monoculturas vizinhas aos mananciais, contaminando-os e, por conseguinte, trazendo danos à saúde de quem os utiliza. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as águas de recursos hídricos utilizados pela comunidade rural localizada próxima a esses plantios, na intenção de pesquisar a presença de agrotóxicos organofosforados e carbamatos. As amostras de água foram coletadas de 36 poços; 11 cisternas; cinco rios; três nascentes e uma represa, totalizando 56 pontos. Todos estes pontos de coletas localizavam-se em comunidades que não eram atendidas por rede de abastecimento de água e esgoto, o que torna esses sistemas hídricos potenciais fontes de água para consumo humano direto. Para as análises foi utilizado um kit fornecido pelo Laboratório de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF). O kit é composto de enzima acetilcolinesterase; ditionitrobenzoato (DTNB) e reativo de cor. Das 56 (100%) amostras de água analisadas de diferentes fontes (poços; cisternas; rios; nascentes; represa), 39 (69,64%) encontravam-se acima do limite permitido por lei e apenas 17 (30,36%) apresentavam-se abaixo do estabelecido pela legislação. Comprovou-se, pelos resultados apresentados, da existência de contaminação por organofosforados e carbamatos nos sistemas hídricos superficiais e subterrâneos utilizados para consumo humano direto, nas regiões agrícolas dos municípios de Teixeira de Freitas e Medeiros Neto.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE MICROBIOLÓGICA DE LEITE PASTEURIZADO PRODUZIDO NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Mulinari Eduardo Luis , Rosolen Michele Dutra , Adami Fernanda Scherer
Published: August 2017

O objetivo do atual estudo foi verificar a qualidade microbiológica de leite pasteurizado quanto à coliformes termotolerantes e Salmonella em amostras analisadas entre os anos de 2012, 2013 e 2014, com o intuito de verificar os diferentes motivos de envio e tipos de fiscalização do laticínio para laboratórios de análises microbiológicas do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Para a conclusão dos resultados utilizou-se como indicativo de qualidade na produção do leite os parâmetros de Salmonella e coliformes termotolerantes, conforme estabelecido na Resolução RDC n° 12 de 2001. Foram analisadas um total de 399 amostras, sendo 87 em 2012, 126 em 2013 e 186 em 2014. Nenhuma amostra apresentou resultados positivos para a análise de Salmonella. Para coliformes termotolerantes apresentaram-se acima do limite de tolerância: 6,9 % das amostras em 2012, 10,3 % em 2013 e 4,3 % em 2014. O maior percentual de amostra não-conformes para coliformes termotolerantes foram as com Inspeção do Serviço Municipal. Conclui-se que a qualidade microbiológica do leite produzido no estado do RS estava de acordo com a legislação, quanto à ausência de Salmonella, no entanto, foram identificadas amostras não-conformes para coliformes termotolerantes, sugerindo a necessidade de rigor nas práticas de higiene, além do cumprimento às boas práticas de fabricação a fim de garantir maior qualidade e segurança do produto final.
PROCESSOS DE REMEDIAÇÃO DO SOLO CONTAMINADO COM CHUMBO
Authors: Uebel Alana , Müller Maíra Post , Nieland Maitê Lampert , Dallazen Maria Cristina , Kuhn Daniel , Mafioleti Joseane Parizzi , Ribeiro Rosecler , Vettorello Gabriela , Hoehne Lucélia
Published: August 2017

O chumbo é um metal representativo localizado na família 14 da tabela periódica, é um elemento tóxico. Dessa forma, é necessário verificar alternativas de remediação dos solos contaminados por esse elemento. O estudo deste artigo tem como objetivo fazer um levantamento das técnicas de remediação ou redução desse metal no ambiente. Conforme literatura, duas técnicas foram verificadas: a fitorremediação e a vermicompostagem. A fitorremediação é o processo que utiliza plantas como agentes de purificação de ambientes contaminados com metais pesados. Já a vermicompostagem é o processo de decomposição da matéria orgânica através de um vermicomposto, que pode ser minhoca ou outro agente de decomposição. Desse modo, cabe ao pesquisador avaliar qual forma é a mais adequada para esse tipo de tratamento.
MICROPOLUENTES EM ÁGUA – O NOVO DESAFIO EMERGENTE
Authors: Vettorello Gabriela , Brandt Verônica Vanessa , Dallazen Maria Cristina , Kuhn Daniel , Etgeton Henrique Pretto , Spellmeyer Julia Grasiela , Carlesso Wagner Manica , Hoehne Lucélia
Published: August 2017

O interesse pela análise de fármacos e outros micropoluentes em água vem ganhando destaque ao longo dos anos com o aprimoramento das técnicas analíticas e equipamentos sofisticados capazes de detectar substâncias em concentrações mínimas. A atual legislação nacional estipula valores máximos para agrotóxicos, desinfetantes e outros componentes orgânicos e inorgânicos. Porém, o atual tratamento convencional da água de abastecimento não visa à eliminação de antibióticos e demais fármacos, que consequentemente não são abordados nos limites padrões de potabilidade. Parte da concentração dos medicamentos ingeridos são excretados e destinados ao esgoto doméstico que, após tratamento, retornam à fonte mantenedora da água de abastecimento da população. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo fundamentar teoricamente por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica, baseada na consulta a artigos científicos selecionados através do banco de dados da Elsevier, um estudo enfatizando micropoluentes, mais precisamente, fármacos da classe dos antibióticos. Concluiu-se que técnicas diferenciadas de preparação de amostras e uso da Cromatografia Líquida são as mais adequadas e indicadas para detectar e quantificar estes componentes, capazes de atingir níveis de limites de detecção na faixa μg/L e que a determinação de micropoluentes é uma área em ascensão, devido à sua complexidade e aos efeitos de sua assimilação no organismo humano serem ainda desconhecidos.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DE BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS ATRAVÉS DA FERRAMENTA DO ÍNDICE DE QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA - IQA
Authors: Gloria Lucivania Pereira , Horn Bruna Carolina , Hilgemann Maurício
Published: August 2017

Durante séculos a água foi considerada um bem de domínio público e de quantidade infinita. Atualmente, a preocupação mundial está voltada para a qualidade da água para consumo humano, uma vez que o desenvolvimento das cidades e o aumento populacional acabaram influenciando diretamente no aumento da poluição e degradação dos recursos naturais. Consequentemente, faz-se necessário o uso de mecanismos que viabilizem os padrões dos corpos d’água e a determinação de sua qualidade. Diversas ferramentas foram propostas com base em características físicas, químicas e bacteriológicas da água. Destas, destaca-se o Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA), que é uma importante metodologia para mensurar o padrão das águas nacionais. Assim, este artigo apresenta a problemática da qualidade da água de bacias hidrográficas brasileiras e estudos realizados para a avaliação da qualidade da água utilizando o IQA.
On [m,C]-isometric operators
Authors: Chō Muneo , Lee Ji , Motoyoshi Haruna
Published: August 2017

In this paper we introduce an [m;C]-isometric operator T on a complex
Hilbert space H and study its spectral properties. We show that if T is an
[m,C]-isometric operator and N is an n-nilpotent operator, respectively,
then T + N is an [m + 2n ? 2,C]-isometric operator. Finally we give a short
proof of Duggal?s result for tensor product of m-isometries and give a
similar result for [m,C]-isometric operators.
Fixed points for (G,Ф)-contractions in vector metric spaces endowed with a graph
Authors: Batra Rakesh , Vashistha Sachin , Kumar Rajesh
Published: August 2017

In this work, we will prove some fixed point results for the class of
(G,?)-contractions on vector metric spaces endowed with a graph. Our results
extend and unify many known results for (G,?)- contractions on metric
spaces with a graph and for ?-contractions on vector metric spaces. We apply
our results to obtain an existence theorem for the solution of an integral
equation.
Linear programming twin support vector regression
Authors: Tanveer M.
Published: August 2017

In this paper, a new linear programming formulation of a 1-norm twin support
vector regression is proposed whose solution is obtained by solving a pair
of dual exterior penalty problems as unconstrained minimization problems
using Newton method. The idea of our formulation is to reformulate TSVR as a
strongly convex problem by incorporated regularization technique and then
derive a new 1-norm linear programming formulation for TSVR to improve
robustness and sparsity. Our approach has the advantage that a pair of
matrix equation of order equals to the number of input examples is solved at
each iteration of the algorithm. The algorithm converges from any starting
point and can be easily implemented in MATLAB without using any optimization
packages. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by
experimental results on a number of interesting synthetic and real-world
datasets.
Finite iterative algorithms for the generalized reflexive and anti-reflexive solutions of the linear matrix equation AXB = C
Authors: Wang Xiang , Tang Xiao-Bin , Gao Xin-Geng , Wu Wu-Hua
Published: August 2017

In this paper, an iterative method is presented to solve the linear matrix
equation AXB = C over the generalized reflexive (or anti-reflexive) matrix X
(A ? Rpxn, B ? Rmxq, C ? Rpxq, X ? Rnxm). By the iterative method, the
solvability of the equation AXB = C over the generalized reflexive (or
anti-reflexive) matrix can be determined automatically. When the equation
AXB = C is consistent over the generalized reflexive (or anti-reflexive)
matrix X, for any generalized reflexive (or anti-reflexive) initial
iterative matrix X1, the generalized reflexive (anti-reflexive) solution
can be obtained within finite iterative steps in the absence of roundoff
errors. The unique least-norm generalized reflexive (or anti-reflexive)
iterative solution of AXB = C can be derived when an appropriate initial
iterative matrix is chosen. A sufficient and necessary condition for whether
the equation AXB = C is inconsistent is given. Furthermore, the optimal
approximate solution of AXB = C for a given matrix X0 can be derived by
finding the least-norm generalized reflexive (or anti-reflexive) solution of
a new corresponding matrix equation AXB = C. Finally, several numerical
examples are given to support the theoretical results of this paper.
Some properties of δ(2,2) Chen ideal submanifolds
Authors: Petrovic-Torgasev Miroslava , Pantic Anica
Published: August 2017

In this paper we consider ?(2,2) Chen ideal submanifolds M4 in Euclidean
spaces E6, and investigate when such submanifolds are conformally flat, or
of constant curvature, or Einstein.
Convolutions of harmonic half-plane mappings with harmonic vertical strip mappings
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Jiang Yueping , Sun Yong
Published: August 2017

In the present paper, we prove the convolutions of generalized harmonic right
half-plane mappings with harmonic vertical strip mappings are univalent and
convex in the horizontal direction. Moreover, some examples of harmonic
univalent mappings convex in the horizontal direction are also constructed
to illuminate the main results.
Convergence theorems for strict pseudo-contractions in CAT(0) metric spaces
Authors: Gharajelo Amir , Dehghan Hossein
Published: August 2017

In this paper, we introduce the notion of strict pseudo-contractive mappings
in the framework of CAT(0) metric spaces. Some properties of such mappings
including demiclosed principle are investigated. Also, strong convergence
and ?-convergence of the well-known Mann iterative algorithm is established
for strict pseudo-contractive mappings.
Iatrogenic Kaposi’s sarcoma following immunosuppressive treatment of the recurrent longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis
Authors: Lalosevic Jovan , Skiljevic Dusan , Dujmovic Irena , Drulovic Jelena , Medenica Ljiljana
Published: August 2017

Introduction. Iatrogenic Kaposi?s sarcoma (KS) represents a multifocal, angioproliferative tumor that develops in patients undergoing immunosuppressive treatment and is considered to be induced by activation of latent human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8) infection. The aim of this report is to present a patient with iatrogenic KS due to immunosuppressive treatment. Case outline. We present a 69-year-old male non-HIV patient, previously treated for anti-aquaporin-4 antibody negative recurrent longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis with prednisolone and azathioprine for one year. The patient developed bluish and violet plaques and nodules on his face, trunk, and extremities. Skin biopsy findings (histopathology and immunohistochemical detection of CD31 expression and anti-HHV8 antibodies in the spindle cells) confirmed the diagnosis of KS. The reduction of immunosuppression and topical treatment with imiquimod resulted in a partial but significant regression of skin lesions, but the patient had another relapse of myelitis following the cessation of azathioprine and a reduction in the dose of prednisolone. Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an inflammatory and demyelinating central nervous system disease treated with corticosteroids and azathioprine that was associated with iatrogenic KS. The efficient treatment of both conditions is highly challenging and can be troublesome in specific cases.
The Changing Tides of the Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic—Smooth Sailing or Troubled Waters Ahead? Kelly West Award Lecture 2016
Authors: Gregg Edward W.
Published: August 2017

The Kelly West Award for Outstanding Achievement in Epidemiology is given in memory of Kelly M. West, widely regarded as the “father of diabetes epidemiology,” to an individual who has made significant contributions to the field of diabetes epidemiology. Edward W. Gregg, PhD, of the Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, received the prestigious award at the American Diabetes Association's 76th Scientific Sessions, 10–14 June 2016, in New Orleans, LA. He presented the Kelly West Award Lecture, “Changing Tides of the Type 2 Diabetes Epidemic—Smooth Sailing or Troubled Waters Ahead?” on Sunday, 12 June 2016.
PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PADA HUBUNGAN ANTARA SUSTAINABILITY REPORT DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN (Studi Empiris Perusahaan Go Public di Indonesia Periode 2014-2015)
Authors: Fatchan Ilham Nuryana , Trisnawati Rina
Published: August 2017

This study aims to investigate the influence of corporate governance and sustainability report on firm value of all companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data is secondary data which is obtained from the website  www.ncsr-id.org, Indonesia Capital Market Directory (ICMD), and each website owned companies. The sample is companies that member of Indonesia Sustainability Report Award on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2014-2015. The sample was selected by purposive sampling method and obtained the 34 companies. Data analysis was performed with multiple regression method. The results show that sustainability report has a significantly influence on firm value, good corporate governance hasn’t a significantly influence on firm value and corporate governance as a moderating variable is not significantly influence on sustainability report and corporate value
ANALISIS PROFITABILITAS, PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN DAN STRUKTUR AKTIVA TERHADAP STRUKTUR MODAL PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI BARANG KONSUMSI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2012-2014)
Authors: Maryanti Eny
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the profitability, growth, sales growth and asset structure of the company on capital structure. The research object was the entire industrial sector of consumer goods amounted to 36 companies, but based on the completeness of the data, then, only 30 companies takan as samples with the observation period of 2012-2014. The independent variables were profitability, growth, sales growth and asset structure while the dependent variable was capital structure (debt to total assets ratio). The data analysis used multiple linear regressions. These results indicate that the growth of the company have a significant effect on the capital structure. Profitability, sales growth and asset structure has no effect on the capital structure.  Key Words : Profitability, Growth of Company, Asset Structure Of The Company,  Sales Growth, Capital Structure
La madre Juana de la Cruz (1481-1534) y la cuestión de la autoridad religiosa femenina
Authors: Surtz Ronald E.
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Julio Camarena Laucirica, Cuentos tradicionales recopilados en la provincia de Ciudad Real. Pról. de Maxime Chevalier. C.S.I.C., Ciudad Real, 1984; 361 pp.
Authors: Díaz Roig Mercedes
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Cuentos tradicionales recopilados en la provincia de Ciudad Real.
Introducción. Literatura bufonesca o del "loco"
Authors: Márquez Villanueva Francisco
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Sobre lo cómico en el teatro cervantino: Tristán y Madrigal, bufones "in partibus"
Authors: Canavaggio Jean
Published: August 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Impact of infrastructure on tax revenue: Case study of high-speed train in Japan
Authors: Yoshino Naoyuki , Abidhadjaev Umid
Published: August 2017

This study analyzes the impact of a high-speed rail line on tax revenues and on the economy of affected regions within the country. The economic impact of infrastructure investment can be induced by changes in tax revenues when the infrastructure is in operation. Accurate regional GDP data are not necessarily available in many Asian countries. However, tax data can be collected. Therefore, this study uses tax revenue dates in order to estimate spillover effects of infrastructure investment. The Kyushu high-speed rail line was constructed in 1991 and was completed in 2003. In 2004, the rail line started operating from Kagoshima to Kumamoto. The entire line was opened in 2011. We estimated its impact in the Kyushu region of Japan by using the differencein-difference method, and compared the tax revenues of regions along the high-speed railway line with other regions that were not affected by the railway line. Our findings show a positive impact on the region’s tax revenue following the connection of the Kyushu rapid train with large cities, such as Osaka and Tokyo. Tax revenue in the region significantly increased during construction in 1991–2003, and dropped after the start of operations in 2004–2010. The rapid train’s impact on the neighboring prefectures of Kyushu is positive. However, in 2004–2013, its impact on tax revenue in places farther from the rapid train was observed to be lower. When th  Kyushu railway line was connected to the existing high-speed railway line of Sanyo, the situation changed. The study finds statistically significant and economically growing impact on tax revenue after it was completed and connected to other large cities, such as Osaka and Tokyo. Tax revenues in the regions close to the high-speed train is higher than in adjacent regions. The difference-in-difference coefficient methods reveal that corporate tax revenue was lower than personal income tax revenue during construction. However, the difference in corporate tax revenues rose after connectivity with large cities was completed. Public private partnership (PPP) has been promoted in many Asian countries. However, PPP-infrastructure in India failed in many cases due to the low rate of return from infrastructure investment. This study shows that an increase of tax revenues is significant in the case of the Kyushu rapid train in Japan. If half of the incremental tax revenues were returned to private investors in infrastructure, the rate of return from infrastructure investment would significantly rise for long period of time. It would attract stable and long-term private investors, such as pension funds and insurance funds into infrastructure investment. The last section of the paper will address how incremental tax revenues created by the spillover effects of infrastructure will improve the performance of private investors in infrastructure investment.
PENGARUH FINANCIAL LEVERAGE DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP INCOME SMOOTHING DENGAN KUALITAS AUDIT SEBAGAI PEMODERAS
Authors: Rasinih Rasinih , Munandar Agus
Published: August 2017

This study aimed to examine the effect of Financial Leverage and Profitability against income smoothing with Quality Audit as a moderating. Profitability measured by return on assets formula net income divided by total assets. Financial Leverage is measured by finding the ratio between total liabilities and total assets of a company. Meanwhile, with the smoothing Income Gain Flattening Index and Quality audits with dummy. The population in this study 134 company, with the period of 2011 until 2013, the Company analyzed 20 companies. The method of analysis used data from this study multiple regression analysis. But earlier, descriptive statistical analysis and classical assumption. Results of this study show variable financial leverage and profitability and significant influence on income smoothing.
BATAS KEWENANGAN PENYIDIK PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DAN KEPOLISIAN DALAM PENINDAKAN PELANGGARAN LALU LINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
Authors: Riswanty Putu Yuni
Published: August 2017

The State of Indonesia is a state of the rule of law (rechtstaat) based on Pancasila. As a state based on law, Traffic and Road Transportation under Law No. 22/2009 is an integrated system consisting of Traffic, Road Transportation, Traffic and Road Transportation Networks, Infrastructure of Traffic and Road Transportation, Vehicles, Drivers, Road Users, as well as management thereof. Motor Vehicle Inspection Authority on the Road by the Civil Servant Investigators in the field of Traffic and Road Transportation and the Indonesian National Police Investigators incidentally is an examination of the evidence of passed test for vehicles compulsory tested, physical motor vehicles, haulage, method of transporting goods and/or transport operating license. In order to carry out its duties and functions, Civil Servant Investigators should always coordinate with the Indonesian National Police as a coordinator and supervisor of the Civil Servant Investigators. Investigators of the Indonesian National Police, as the coordinator and supervisor, implement guidance and supervision of the Civil Servant Investigators in the field of Traffic and Road Transportation. The research is classified into normative legal research using a statute approach and conceptual approach.
KEBERADAAN UANG PESANGON DALAM PEMUTUSAN HUBUNGAN KERJA DEMI HUKUM DI PERUSAHAAN YANG SUDAH MENYELENGGARAKAN PROGRAM JAMINAN PENSIUN
Authors: Hernawan Ari
Published: August 2017

Penelitian ini mengkaji keberadaan uang pesangon dalam pemutusan hubungan kerja demi hukum di perusahaan yang sudah menyelenggarakan program jaminan pensiun dan SK Direksi sebagai dasar pengaturannya. Penelitian ini bersifat normatifdengan data sekunder sebagai sumber data utama. Data dianalisis secara kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif. Keberadaan uang pesangon disamakan dengan jaminan pensiun yang preminya dibayar penuh oleh pengusaha, dengan catatan besarannyatidak boleh lebih kecil dari uang pesangon yang seharusnya diterima buruh ketika memasuki usia pensiun. Kehadiran program asuransi pensiun tidak secara otomatis meniadakan pesangon yang harus diterima oleh para pekerja saat memasuki usia pensiun.SK Direksi tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar pengaturan, karena dilihat dari segi proses pembuatan, isi dan sifatnya, bukan merupakan peraturan perusahaan.
REVITALISASI PERAN HAKIM SEBAGAI PELAKU KEKUASAAN KEHAKIMAN DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA
Authors: Indrayati Rosita
Published: August 2017

Hakim merupakan aktor utama dan amat vital dalam peradilan mengingat segala kewenangan yang dimilikinya. Melalui putusannya, hakim dapat mengubah, mengalihkan atau bahkan mencabut hak dan kebebasan warga negara, dan semua itu dilakukan dalam rangka menegakkan hukum dan keadilan.Proses penegakan hukum sejak zaman orde baru belum banyak memuaskan masyarakat sebagai pencari keadilan. Salah satu persoalan yang muncul dalam hal penegakan hukum di Indonesia sebelum memasuki orde reformasi adalah kekuasaan kehakiman yang belum mandiri secara penuh. Kekuasaan kehakiman yang meliputi elemen Hakim dan Peradilan masih dianggap cukup mudah diintervensi oleh kepentingan kekuasaan dan kepentingan pihak di luar kekuasaan kehakiman. Akibatnya berbagai macam putusan pengadilan sering menjadi kontroversi, janggal dan tidak memuaskan para pencari keadilan. Reformasi kekuasaan kehakiman juga meliputi adanya dorongan untuk merevitalisasi peran Hakim sebagai pilar utama pelaksanaan kekuasaan kehakiman. Secara sosiologis posisi Hakim sesungguhnya tidak menggambarkan sebagai seorang pejabat Negara. Salah satu bentuk pengawasan yang dapat diterapkan selain pengawasan eksternal dan internal adalah pengawasan oleh masyarakat. Bentuk pengawasan ini adalah pengawasan partisipasif dari seluruh elemen masyarakat. Upaya ini penting, mengingat keterbatasan jumlah sumber daya manusia yang dimiliki oleh Komisi Yudisial dan jarak Komisi Yudisial yang terlampau jauh, yakni berada di Jakarta.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TERHADAP HAK PENGASUHAN ANAK YANG TINGGAL DI RUMAH TAHANAN
Authors: Sagama Suwardi
Published: August 2017

Tulisan ini membahas tentang tinjauan yuridis terhadap hak pengasuhan anak yang tinggal di rumah tahanan. Anak sebagai generasi emas menjadi harapan penerus kemajuan bangsa. Untuk menjaga harapan, dimulai dari subyek pengasuh hingga pada pola pengasuhan. Data yang dirilis KPAI pada kasus pengasuhan dan alternatif dari tahun 2011-2016 mencapai 3.875 dengan menempatkan anak sebagai korban. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, penelitian difokuskan pada objek kajian tentang kaidah atau peraturan hukum tentang pengasuhan anak. Hasil kajian pada penelitian ini adalah pengasuhan anak menjadi tanggung jawab orang tua, namun pengasuhan akan dilimpahkan kepada keluarga sampai derajat ketiga maupun orang tua asuh, orang tua angkat, wali, Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak serta pengasuhan berbasis residensial sebagai alternatif terakhir apabila timbulnya hambatan dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, maka dapat dicabut kuasa asuhnya sebagai orang tua terhadap anaknya.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KEBUDAYAAN BALI SEBAGAI SUMBER DAYA EKONOMI PARIWISATA
Authors: Prijandhini Devi Salain Made Suksma
Published: August 2017

Kebudayaan masyarakat hukum adat Bali merupakan sumber daya ekonomi bagi pariwisata. Sayangnya, masyarakat Bali relatif tidak dapat menikmati manfaat ekonomi tersebut. Pemerintah dan pengusaha jasa pariwisata merupakan pemangku kepentingan yang selama ini cenderung paling diuntungkan. Keadaan tersebut tentu membutuhkan penelusuran dan penelitian terhadap instrumen hukum yang mengatur kebudayaan, masyarakat, dan pariwisata. Selain itu, perlu juga dilakukan dianalisis terhadap isu mengenai apakah peraturan perundang-undangan nasional terkait sudah mengatur dan melindungi kebudayaan masyarakat hukum adat sebagai salah satu sumber daya ekonomi pariwisata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang utamanya menganalisis bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan nasional terkait hanya sebatas mengakui kebudayaan masyarakat adat. Bahkan peraturan-peraturan tersebut juga terlihat belum secara spesifik memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap kebudayaan masyarakat hukum adat sebagai sumber daya ekonomi pariwisata. Artikel ini merekomendasikan kepada Pemerintah untuk merevisi peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku saat ini atau membentuk peraturan perundangan baru sebagai bentuk respon terhadap permasalahan ini.
MENENTUKAN KOMPOSISI OPTIMAL DARI FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KETAHANAN ASPAL DENGAN METODE TAGUCHI
Authors: YULIANDARI GUSTI AYU PUTU , SRINADI I GUSTI AYU MADE , SUMARJAYA I WAYAN
Published: August 2017

Taguchi method purpose to improve the quality of a product. This method can reduce the number of execution of the experiment when compared to using a full factorial method. measures taken, namely the calculation of degrees of freedom, the selection of orthogonal array to reduce the run, then calculating S/NR is used to determine the optimal composition of the factors that will affect the durability of asphalt. The results of this research that the optimal composition of the factors that affect the resistance of asphalt are aggregate of 6987.57 tons, temperature of 155? C, compaction speed 5 km/h, hardening time for 4 hours after paving before the opening of traffic at normal speed, thickness of 6.27 cm thick bitumen from the aggregate surface, body weight that is weighing 7 ton. Dimensions of factors is an area of ??5.598m.
PENENTUAN LOKASI SMA NEGERI MENGGUNAKAN DIAGRAM VORONOI BERBOBOT DI KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: HERMANTO MELINDA , OKA TJOKORDA BAGUS , KENCANA I PUTU EKA NILA
Published: August 2017

In school development problem, determining location is one of important things to consider. In this research, the purpose is to determine the location of SMAN 9 Denpasar if it will be built. One of algorithms in computational geometry that can be used to find solution of facility location problem is multiplicatively weighted Voronoi diagram in two dimensions. The result of weighted Voronoi diagram shows the influence of each site to the surrounding area. Then, the location of SMAN 9 Denpasar is obtained by determining the center of the largest empty circle of the weighted Voronoi diagram.
Sexual Role and History of Sexual Transmited Infection as a Risk of HIV Seroconversion among Men who have Sex with Men who Attended Bali Medika Clinic Badung, Bali
Authors: Diwyami N.P. , Sawitri A.A.S. , Wirawan D.N.
Published: August 2017

Background and purpose: HIV prevalence among men who haved sex with men (MSM) increased from 5% on 2007 into 12% on 2011 in Indonesia. High risk sex behaviour was reported associated with HIV seroconversion, however reported research publication about risk factors of HIV seroconvertion among MSM is limited in Indonesia. This study aim to investigate risk factors of HIV seroconversion among MSM.Methods: Case control study was conducted based on cohort data from MSM which repeatetly visit Bali Medika Clinic, Kuta, Badung, Bali Province between 2011-2015. HIV Seroconversion was defined as MSM with a negative HIV status at the beginning of the observation and became positive on the next visit. Data were analyzed using Kaplan Meier and logistic regression method.Results: Median time of HIV seroconversion among MSM was 458 days or 1.2 years (IQR=224-699). Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors of HIV seroconversion were repeated STD’s experience in the last 6 months with AOR=8.33 (95%CI: 1.77-89.81); had 1 time STD’s history in last 6 months with AOR=1.91 (95%CI: 1.15-3.83); receptive sexual relationship in the last 6 months with AOR=3,45 (95%CI: 1.68-7.11); and versatile sexual relationship in the last 6 months with AOR=2.37 (95%CI: 1.09-5.13).Conclusion: STD’s experience, receptive and versatile sexual role was reported as risk factors of HIV seroconversion among MSM.
Risk Factors for Recurrences of Pulmonary TB among Patients in Denpasar: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Karminiasih N.L.P. , Eka Putra I.W.G. Artawan , Pradnyaparamita Duarsa Dyah
Published: August 2017

Background and purpose: The incidence of recurrence in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Denpasar in 2014 was relatively high, around 3.5% of 1082 patients. This study aimed to determine the risk factors for recurrence of pulmonary TB patients in Denpasar.Methods: The study design was a case control with 46 patients with pulmonary TB recurrence aged over 15 years as cases, and 92 patients who had recovered as control. Respondents were selected using systematic random sampling from the TB register from 2013 to 2015 in public health centers in Denpasar. Data were collected by a search of documents, observations, measurements and interviews conducted using questionnaires. Bivariate analysis was conducted (chi square test) and multivariate using logistic regression.Results: Risk factors that associated with recurrence of pulmonary TB were co-morbidity of diabetes mellitus (AOR=9.6; 95%CI: 2.17-43.08), adherence (AOR=7.6; 95%CI: 2.85-20.17), exposure to cigarette smoke during treatment (AOR=3.6; 95%CI: 1.41-9.16), home ventilation <10% (AOR=3.4; 95%CI: 1.27-9.47), house contact with pulmonary TB patients (AOR=3.1; 95%CI: 1.31-7.46) and malnutrition (AOR=2.8; 95%CI: 1.02-7.72).Conclusion: Risk factors for recurrence of pulmonary TB among patients were co-morbidity of diabetes mellitus adherence, cigarette smoke exposure during the treatment period, home ventilation <10%, house contact with pulmonary TB patients and malnutrition.
Factors Associated with the Quality of Pharmacy Service Provision in Denpasar, Bali
Authors: Novianita M. , Sutarsa I.N. , Adiputra N.
Published: August 2017

Background and purpose: The approach of pharmacy service provision has shifted from rudimentary medicine distribution to becoming more patient centered. The objective of this study was to explore the factors that affect the quality of pharmaceutical care in pharmacist owned and managed (APA) pharmacies in Denpasar.Methods: Study was cross-sectional with 68 samples collected by systematic random sampling among 214 pharmacies at Denpasar City. Data was collected by interview with pharmacists, self-administered-questionnaires to their staff and observation regarding the quality of services. Bivariate data analyis was conducted using chi square test and multivariate analysis was carried out using logistic regression.Results: Findings indicated that 48.5% (33 pharmacies) provide poor quality services. The presence of APA, the status of APA and the ownership of pharmacy affected the quality of pharmacy service. Multivariate analysis indicated that ownership of pharmacy was the most dominant variable impacting upon quality of pharmaceutical care (AOR=7.04 (95%CI: 1.5-33.8).Conclusion: The ownership of pharmacy affected the quality of pharmaceutical service provision in Denpasar.
Association of Socio Demographic Characteristics and Husband Social Supports to the Participation of Mother in Antenatal Class
Authors: Nopi Widiantari N.K. , Suariyani L.P. , Karmaya Mangku
Published: August 2017

Background and purpose: Antenatal class has been applied in three different health centers located in Denpasar to increase maternal and child health with group learning method about pregnancy, delivery, post natal care, infant care and others. However, attendances of pregnant mothers were low. The aim of this study was to investigate association between mother’s characteristics and husband’s social supports to the their participation in attending the antenatal class.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey involving 122 samples. Sample were pregnant mothers which was selected by systematic random sampling from antenatal registration book. Data were collected by interview conducted in their house or when they were visiting the clinics. Data were analyzed by univariate, bivariate (chi square test) and multvariate (poisson regression method).Results: Proportion of mother attended antenatal class in three different health centers was 29.5%. Bivariate analysis showed that variables which associated with mother attendance were parity (p=0.036), husband social support (p=0.001) which include emotional support (p=0.001), instrumental support (p=0.001) and reward. Multivariate analysis showed that the only variable related to mother attendance in the antenatal class was husband social support (PR=2.71; 95%CI: 8.13-90.46).Conclusions: The attendance of mother in antenatal class in three different clinics were low. Factors that influence the attendance of mother’s was social support from husband.
Penerapan Skeptisisme Profesional Auditor Internal Pemerintah dalam Mendeteksi Kecurangan (Studi Kasus pada Auditor Perwakilan BPKP Provinsi Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Butar Sarina Gabryela Aprilyanti Butar , Perdana Halim Dedy
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of government internal auditor’s professional skepticism in fraud detection. The implementation of professional skepticism will be based on the characters stated by Hurtt et al., (2010): questioning mind, suspension on judgment, search for knowledge, interpesonal understanding, self-confidence, and self-determination. This is a qualitative research referring to theoretical proposition. The data was collected by interviewing forensic auditors at each of functional position. The interviewees were determined by using purposive sampling method. They are forensic auditors claimed due to audit report. The result showed that forensic auditors in Representative Office of BPKP in Central Java implement professional skepticism in fraud detection. Auditor hold responsible of audit report proved by five of six claims received are rejected and one claim is still in litigation.

Abstrak

 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan skeptisisme profesional auditor internal pemerintah di Perwakilan BPKP Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam mendeteksi kecurangan. Penerapan skeptisisme profesional akan dipahami berdasarkan karakteristik sikap yang membentuknya sebagaimana dinyatakan oleh Hurtt et al., (2010) antara lain questioning mind, suspension on judgment, search for knowledge, interpesonal understanding, self-confidence, dan self-determination. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan mengacu pada proposisi teori. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara kepada auditor investigasi dari setiap jabatan fungsional tim audit. Responden wawancara ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu auditor investigasi yang pernah menerima gugatan terkait hasil audit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa auditor investigasi Perwakilan BPKP Provinsi Jawa Tengah menerapkan skeptisisme profesional dalam mendeteksi kecurangan. Auditor mampu mempertanggungjawabkan kebenaran laporan hasil auditnya dengan ditolaknya lima gugatan dari enam gugatan yang diterima Perwakilan BPKP Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sedangkan satu gugatan masih dalam proses pengadilan.
SOLIDIFIKASI DEINKING SLUDGE DAN FLY ASH BATU BARA UNTUK PEMENUHAN PERSYARATAN PENIMBUNAN DI LANDFILL
Authors: Wardhana Krisna Adhitya , Purwati Sri , , Saepulloh , Rachmanto Toni
Published: August 2017

Deinking sludge and coal fly ash are classified as hazardous wastes that have to be treated before disposed in landfill. Solidification is an alternative treatment to prevent hazardous materials release to the environment. The research was conducted to find solidification combination formula of deinking sludge and coal fly ash that pass compressive strength test (>10ton/m2) and paint filter test so it can be disposed to landfill. The concretes were made from cement and aggregate (50% deinking sludge and 50% fly ash) on range combination 1:11 - 1:20. In addition, based on pozzolanic characteristic of fly ash, concretes without cement was made. The results showed that solidification products with combination 1:11 - 1:20 have compressive strength that exceed the regulation and passed paint filter test. Combination of 50% deinking sludge and 50% coal fly ash without portland cement addition had compressive strength that met requirement for landfill disposal.Key words : deinking sludge, fly ash, solidification, landfill ABSTRAKDeinking sludge dan fly ash batubara termasuk kedalam kategori limbah B-3 yang harus diolah terlebih dahulu sebelum ditimbun di landfill. Proses solidifikasi adalah salah satu pengolahan untuk mencegah tersebarnya kandungan limbah B-3 ke lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan formulasi solidifikasi kombinasi deinking sludge dengan fly ash batubara yang memenuhi persyaratan kuat tekan (> 10 ton/m2) dan uji paint filter sehingga dapat ditimbun di landfill. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan variasi perbandingan semen terhadap agregat (50% fly ash dan 50% deinking sludge) mulai dari 1:11 sampai dengan 1:20 dan juga dilakukan perlakuan agregat tanpa semen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 1:11 s/d 1:20 memiliki nilai kuat tekan yang jauh melebihi persyaratan dan lolos uji paint filter. Sedangkan hasil dari perlakuan tanpa semen menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi 50% deinking sludge dan 50% fly ash batubara telah memiliki nilai kuat tekan yang cukup besar dan memenuhi persyaratan penimbunan di landfill.Kata kunci : deinking sludge, fly ash batubara, solidifikasi, landfill
Direct versus indirect bypasses for adult ischemic-type moyamoya disease: a propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Deng Xiaofeng , Gao Faliang , Zhang Dong , Zhang Yan , Wang Rong , Wang Shuo , Cao Yong , Zhao Yuanli , Pan Yuesong , Liu Xingju , Zhang Qian , Zhao Jizong
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVE

The optimal surgical modality for moyamoya disease (MMD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical effects of direct bypass (DB) and indirect bypass (IB) in the treatment of adult ischemic-type MMD.

METHODS

Adult patients with ischemic-type MMD who underwent either DB or IB from 2009 to 2015 were identified retrospectively from a prospective database. Patients lost to follow-up or with a follow-up period less than 12 months were excluded. Recurrent stroke events and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at the last follow-up were compared between the 2 surgical groups after 1:1 propensity score matching.

RESULTS

A total of 220 patients were considered, including 143 patients who underwent DB and 77 patients who underwent IB. After propensity score matching, 70 pairs were obtained. The median follow-up period was 40.5 months (range 14–75 months) in the DB group and 31.5 months (range 14–71 months) in the IB group (p = 0.004). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients who received DB had a longer stroke-free time (mean 72.1 months) compared with patients who received IB (mean 61.0 months) (p = 0.045). Good neurological status (mRS score ≤ 2) was achieved in 64 patients in the DB group (91.4%) and 66 patients in the IB group (94.3%), but there was no significant difference (p = 0.512).

CONCLUSIONS

Although neurological function outcome was not determined by the surgical modality, DB is more effective in preventing recurrent ischemic strokes than IB for adult ischemic-type MMD.
Surgical management of cervical spine deformity in chondrodysplasia punctata
Authors: Morota Nobuhito , Ihara Satoshi , Ogiwara Hideki , Tamura Goichiro
Published: August 2017

OBJECTIVE

Chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP), a rare skeletal dysplasia, can lead to cervical spine instability and deformity. However, an optimal neurosurgical intervention has yet to be established. Thus, a retrospective study was conducted to assess the efficacy of various surgical interventions for children with CDP.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed 9 cases of CDP in which cervical decompression with or without posterior fusion was performed between April 2007 and May 2016. Patient demographics, preoperative clinical conditions, radiographic findings, surgical procedures, and the postoperative course were analyzed in detail.

RESULTS

A total of 12 operations were carried out in 9 patients (8 male, 1 female) during the study period. The patients’ ages at the initial surgery ranged from 2 months to 2 years. Seven of the children had CDPX1, 1 had CDPX2, and 1 had tibia-metacarpal type CDP (CDP-TM). The lesion occurred at the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) in 7 cases and involved a subaxial deformity in 2 cases. The initial surgery was C-1 laminectomy with occipitocervical fusion (OCF) followed by halo external fixation in 5 cases, OCF alone in 1 case, and C-1 laminectomy alone in 3 cases. Three children required additional surgery. In one of these cases, a staged operation was required because the patient’s head was too small to attach a halo ring at the time of the initial procedure (C-1 laminectomy). In another case, OCF was performed 11 months after C-1 laminectomy because of intramedullary signal change on serial MRI, although the child remained asymptomatic. In the third case, additional posterior fusion was performed 17 months after an initial laminectomy and OCF due to newly developed cervical dislocation caudal to the original fusion. This last patient required a third operation 9 months after the second because of deep wound infection. Surgery improved the motor function of all 7 children with CDPX1, but 3 children who had already suffered respiratory failure preoperatively required continued respiratory support. At the time of this report, 7 of the 9 children were alive and in stable condition. One child died due to restrictive respiratory insufficiency, and another died in an accident unrelated to CDP.

CONCLUSIONS

Surgical decompression with or without fusion for CVJ and subaxial cervical lesions in infants and toddlers with CDP generally saves lives and increases the likelihood of motor function recovery. However, in this case series the patients’ preoperative condition had a strong effect on postoperative respiratory function. The surgery was not straightforward, and a second operation was required in some cases. Nevertheless, the findings indicate that early surgical intervention for CDP with cervical involvement is feasible, suggesting that the role of neurosurgery should be reevaluated.