bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RESONANCIA MAGNÉTICA PARA EL DIAGNÓSTICO Y CLASIFICACIÓN DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE ALZHEIMER
Authors: Aguilar Ramirez Johan Denis , Hinojosa Mamani Jhonatan , Mamani Gamarra Javier Elias , Calsina Calsina Benito Pepe , Mamani Hancco Flavio Jesus , Rado Miranda Grimanesa Felicita , Ochotoma Paravicino Felix Cristobal , Flores Velasquez Juan , Quispe Bellido Nora Haydee , Chalco Vargas Fredy Toribio
Published: October 2023

El estudio se centró en desarrollar una estrategia de clasificación utilizando algoritmos de aprendizaje automático para diagnosticar la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Se utilizaron imágenes de resonancia magnética y tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET)para crear un nuevo enfoque llamado MM-SDPN. Los métodos utilizados incluyeron el uso de algoritmos como Naive Bayes (NB), Máquina de Vectores de Soporte (SVM) y el método de los k-vecinos más cercanos (K-NN) para la clasificación. También se aplicaron técnicas de preprocesamiento y extracción de características mediante métodos como GLCM y HAAR. Los resultados destacaron que SVM logró una precisión excepcionalmente alta del 93%, mientras que LDA obtuvo una precisión moderada del 90%. Además, SVM superó a LDA en cuanto a especificidad, sensibilidad y tasa de error. En conclusión, la estrategia de clasificación en capas múltiples utilizando algoritmos de aprendizaje automático y la combinación de técnicas de extracción de características demostró ser efectiva en el diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. El clasificador SVM superó a LDA en precisión y rendimiento, lo que sugiere que combinar la extracción de características con diferentes métodos clasificadores podría mejorar el diagnóstico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
MODELADO MATEMÁTICO DE LA INFLUENCIA PROTECTORA DE LAS BACTERIAS DEL ÁCIDO LÁCTICO EN LA SUPERVIVENCIA DE PATÓGENOS TRANSMITIDOS POR ALIMENTOS
Authors: Aguilar Ramirez Johan Denis , Mamani Gamarra Javier Elias , Calsina Calsina Benito Pepe , Mamani Hancco Flavio Jesus , Rado Miranda Grimanesa Felicita , Ochotoma Paravicino Felix Cristobal , Flores Velasquez Juan , Chalco Vargas Fredy Toribio , Poma Cruz Hitler Juan , Hinojosa Mamani Jhonatan
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Este estudio se enfoca en desarrollar y aplicar modelos de interacción microbiana para simular la protección que las bacterias de ácido láctico ejercen sobre patógenos transmitidos por alimentos. Métodos: Se emplean modelos de interacción microbiana para cuantificar las relaciones entre poblaciones microbianas, con énfasis en el efecto Jameson y el modelo Lotka-Volterra. Se adaptan estos modelos para predecir interacciones en condiciones isotérmicas y no isotérmicas, en medios de cultivo artificial y alimentos. Resultados: Los hallazgos de esta indagación revelan que los modelos de interacción microbiana pueden erigirse como herramientas de pronóstico para discernir cómo las bacterias de ácido láctico inciden en la actividad de los patógenos transmitidos por alimentos. Estos modelos proporcionan una vía eficaz para simular y comprender con mayor profundidad los efectos de la competencia por recursos y la interacción depredador-presa entre poblaciones microbianas en diversas condiciones ambientales. Conclusiones: En síntesis, los modelos de interacción microbiana desempeñan un papel crucial en la evaluación y el establecimiento de estrategias basadas en cultivos bioprotectores destinadas a mitigar el riesgo de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos. Estos modelos desentrañan la compleja interacción entre las bacterias de ácido láctico y los patógenos, permitiendo la formulación de estrategias más efectivas para salvaguardar la inocuidad alimentaria, al aportar una comprensión más profunda de sus interacciones en diversos entornos.
PRINCIPAIS MOTIVOS DE EXCLUSÃO NOS CANDIDATOS À DOAÇÃO DE SANGUE DE ACORDO COM O SEXO
Authors: Arruda Alcínia Braga De Lima , Lima Luanna Loyola , Arruda Amanda Aparecida de Lima , Gondim Yago Mota , Barros Antônio Eduardo de Castro , Farias Diana Vitória Ribeiro , Martins Cinthia Viana , Oliveira Davi Santos , Nogueira Gabriel Maciel , Tavares João Paulo Rodrigues
Published: October 2023

A transfusão de sangue é um processo complexo e oneroso, o qual requer a utilização de tecnologia avançada e profissionais altamente qualificados e que atuem de maneira conjunta e interdisciplinar, com o intuito de garantir a redução dos riscos transfusionais e prevenir a disseminação de agentes infectocontagiosos no sangue doado. Assim, para garantir a segurança do doador e do receptor de sangue, o processo transfusional inclui duas etapas importantes, a triagem clínica e a triagem sorológica, as quais visam a redução dos riscos transfusionais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar os principais motivos de inaptidão nos candidatos a doação de sangue do Brasil, conforme os relatórios do HEMOPROD 2020 e relacioná-las ao sexo do doador. O presente estudo constitui-se em uma análise documental com o objetivo de conhecer os dados do sistema HEMOPROD brasileiro. A pesquisa utilizou dados secundários obtidos dos relatórios registrados no sistema HEMOPROD no ano de 2020. As variáveis pesquisadas foram: o sexo, o tipo de doação, o tipo de doador e os motivos de inaptidão na triagem clínica. O estudo seguiu os preceitos éticos estabelecidos pela Resolução nº 466/2012, do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Os resultados mostram que na hemorrede brasileira, no ano de 2020, o número de candidatos à doação de sangue foi de 3.999.937 com uma taxa de inaptidão de 16,76%. A prevalência de rejeição ocorreu principalmente no sexo feminino, nos doadores de primeira vez e no tipo de doação espontânea. E, as principais causas de inaptidão nos homens e mulheres foram o comportamento de risco para ISTs, a anemia e a hipertensão. Além disso, observou-se que a grande maioria das inaptidões para doação foram temporárias, o que mostra a importância do desenvolvimento de estudos e instrumentos que estimulem o retorno desses candidatos à doação.
GRUPOS MICROBIANOS E PARÂMETROS FÍSICO-QUÍMICOS DE IMPORTÂNCIA EM QUEIJO MINAS FRESCAL
Authors: Lima Ingrid Matiéli , Piccolo Maria da Penha , Diirr Renan Marques , Ulisses Alessandra de Fátima , Batista Julianne Soares Jardim Lacerda , Maradini Filho Antonio Manoel
Published: October 2023

Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade microbiológica e físico-química de quatro amostras de queijos Minas Frescal coletadas no comércio local oriundas de propriedades rurais localizadas em um município do sul do Espírito Santo. Realizaram-se análises de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, Salmonella sp. e Listeria sp. além de atividade de água, teor de gordura, teor de umidade e pH e os valores foram comparados com os padrões referenciados pela legislação. Em relação ao perfil microbiológico, para coliformes totais e termotolerantes, 75% das amostras apresentaram valores inferiores a 1.100 NMP/g, estando de acordo com o estabelecido pela legislação; para Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, todas as amostras encontravam-se acima do limite preconizado; detectou-se presença de Salmonella sp. e ausência de Listeria sp. em todas as amostras. Quanto às análises físico-químicas em relação à atividade de água, 100% das amostras apresentaram valores acima de 0,91, valor mínimo para a multiplicação da maioria das bactérias. Para os valores de teor de gordura e teor de umidade 100% das amostras não estavam em conformidade com o padrão e os valores de pH variaram de 6,03 a 6,93. Concluiu-se que a qualidade microbiológica e físico-química estava inadequada indicando a necessidade de incluir melhorias no processo de fabricação. É preciso iniciativas junto aos produtores rurais e a todos os envolvidos, de forma a elevar a qualidade e a oferta de produtos adequados ao consumo e isso contribuiria para a sustentabilidade do setor produtivo e a saúde da população da região.
PROMOÇÃO DO ALEITAMENTO MATERNO NO PERÍODO PRÉ-NATAL – PROJETO DE INTERVENÇÃO
Authors: Santana Ana , Teixeira Ana , Sousa Patrícia
Published: October 2023

Numa unidade de internamento de medicina materno-fetal, onde são admitidas grávidas em situação de risco materno-fetal e para indução de trabalho de parto, a intervenção da equipa de enfermagem é essencial no âmbito da promoção do aleitamento materno. Neste contexto, foi desenvolvido um projeto de melhoria contínua da qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem, com foco na promoção do aleitamento materno, com o objetivo de capacitar as grávidas/casais que vivem uma situação de internamento numa unidade de medicina materno-fetal, para a tomada de decisão, livre e informada, sobre como alimentar o seu recém-nascido. Neste, a formação contínua da equipa no âmbito do aleitamento materno, a uniformização da informação transmitida às grávidas sobre o aleitamento materno e a realização de sessões de educação para a saúde são constituídas como estratégias fundamentais para a promoção e proteção do aleitamento materno.
PROMOVENDO O PARTO HUMANIZADO: O PAPEL VITAL DA EDUCAÇÃO CONTINUADA EM SAÚDE MATERNO-INFANTIL
Authors: SIQUEIRA E. M. , COSTA G. R. , MACHADO M. R. , SIQUEIRA P. M. , OLIVEIRA R. S.
Published: October 2023

Introdução: A importância da educação contínua na promoção do parto humanizado e na melhoria dos cuidados à saúde materno-infantil torna-se necessária para um cuidado multidisciplinar qualificado. A busca pela excelência nessa assistência requer uma abordagem que integra conhecimento clínico atualizado com empatia e respeito. O presente estudo se concentra em abordar o papel da aprendizagem contínua na promoção do parto humanizado e no aprimoramento dos cuidados à saúde materno-infantil. Desenvolvimento: Nos últimos anos, o movimento em direção ao parto humanizado tem se intensificado, priorizando uma experiência respeitosa e centrada nas escolhas e necessidades da mulher, bem como o respeito à fisiologia natural do nascimento. A promoção do parto humanizado é uma jornada contínua em direção a assistência de qualidade e empatia, com enfermeiros obstetras desempenhando um papel central na assistência centrada na mulher e na fisiologia do parto. Considerações finais: A promoção do parto humanizado é essencial na assistência materno-infantil, essa jornada compromete-se com a saúde tanto das mulheres quanto dos recém-nascidos.
Émile Durkheim: Muhasebe Bilimi Açısından Toplumsal İş Bölümü Teorisi
Authors: SEVER Cemalettin , DEMİRCİ Şuayyip Doğuş
Published: October 2023

Sosyolojinin kurucusu olarak tanımlanan Emile Durkheim, toplumun bir nesne olarak ele alınmasını ve incelenmesini savunmaktadır. 1893 yılında yazdığı “Toplumsal İş Bölümü” başlıklı doktora tezinde toplumu ve toplumdaki iş bölümünü incelemiş ve açıklamıştır. İşletme ve ekonomi açısından iş bölümünün önemi oldukça yüksektir. Bu çalışmada iş bölümü, uzmanlaşma ve meslekler arası çatışma konuları; işletme organizasyonu ve muhasebe, finans ve denetim alanları açısından incelenmiştir. Muhasebe, denetim ve finans ile ilgili meslekler temelde işletmede gerçekleşen finansal olaylar ile ilgili iken her birinin uzmanlaştığı alanlar farklıdır. Aynı zamanda bu mesleklerin altında da farklı uzmanlık alanları bulunmaktadır. Uzmanlaşmanın alanlarının birbirine çok yakın olmasından dolayı bu alanda meslekler arası çatışmanın da ele alınması ve değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Türkiye’de Startup Yatırımları ve Finansmanı
Authors: SAKARYA Şakir , İLKDOĞAN Sena
Published: October 2023

Startuplar bir ekonominin gelişmesinde katma değeri yüksek ürün ve hizmetler üreterek kısa sürede etkin bir büyümenin sağlanmasında oldukça önemlidir. Bu bağlamda başarıya ulaşamamış birçok iş fikrinin önünde çeşitli engellerin olduğu görülmektedir. Startupların karşılaştığı bu engellerin başında ise finansman kaynaklarına erişim gelmektedir. Startupların nakit akışları, başlangıç aşamasında negatif olduğu için yatırımcılar açısından riskli yatırımlar olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu sebeple startupların geleneksel finansman yöntemlerini kullanarak kaynak sağlamaları oldukça güçtür. Dolayısıyla ekonominin gelişmesinde önemli bir yere sahip olan startuplarla ilgili yatırımların ve bu yatırımların finansman yöntemlerinin incelenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, Türkiye’deki startup yatırımlarının güncel durumu ve finansman yöntemlerinin yıllar itibariyle gelişimi analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda Türkiye’de startup yatırımları ve finansman yöntemleri ile ilgili olarak son yıllarda önemli gelişmelerin olduğu ancak henüz yeterli seviyelerde olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
PENGARUH ANGGARAN DANA DESA DAN EKONOMI PENGEMBANGAN KABUPATEN MALANG TERHADAP PENDAPATAN DESA BERDASARKAN PMK NOMOR.205/PMK.07/2019 (STUDI KASUS DESTINASI WISATA CAFE SAWAH PUJON KIDUL)
Authors:   Universitas Wijaya Putra, Fauzi Shella Wati , Riswati Fatimah
Published: October 2023

A tourism village is a form of integration between attractions, accommodation and supporting facilities that are presented in a structure of community life that is integrated with the prevailing procedures and traditions. Pujon Kidul is one of the villages that has successfully implemented a tourism village development program with the destination of Cafe Sawah. This research aims to examine and analyze the effect of the village budget and the development economy of Malang Regency on village income. The number of samples in this research were 70 people who were taken from visitors and business actors in the tourist destination area of ​​Cafe Sawah Pujon Kidul, using non-probability sampling techniques, with accidental sampling method. Collecting data using primary data sources through distributing questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out using statistics with the SPSS version 21 application. The research method used was a quantitative approach. Based on the hypothesis test of village funds and economic development, partially and simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on village income. So it can be concluded that the results of this research show that village funds and economic development that are managed and supervised by the village government and the Pujon Kidul community are proven to increase the income of Pujon Kidul village.
Probing the Solar Interior with Lensed Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars
Authors: Takahashi Ryuichi , Morisaki Soichiro , Suyama Teruaki
Published: October 2023

When gravitational waves (GWs) from a spinning neutron star arrive from behind the Sun, they are subjected to gravitational lensing that imprints a frequency-dependent modulation on the waveform. This modulation traces the projected solar density and gravitational potential along the path as the Sun passes in front of the neutron star. We calculate how accurately the solar density profile can be extracted from the lensed GWs using a Fisher analysis. For this purpose, we selected three promising candidates (the highly spinning pulsars J1022+1001, J1730−2304, and J1745−23) from the pulsar catalog of the Australia Telescope National Facility. The lensing signature can be measured with 3σ confidence when the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the GW detection reaches 100 (f/300 Hz)−1 over a 1 yr observation period (where f is the GW frequency). The solar density profile can be plotted as a function of radius when the S/N improves to ≳104.
Turbulent Structure in Supernova Remnants G46.8−0.3 and G39.2−0.3 from THOR Polarimetry
Authors: Shanahan Russell , Stil Jeroen M. , Anderson Loren , Beuther Henrik , Goldsmith Paul , Klessen Ralf S. , Rugel Michael , Soler Juan D.
Published: October 2023

We present the continued analysis of polarization and Faraday rotation for the supernova remnants (SNRs) G46.8−0.3 and G39.2−0.3 in L-band (1–2 GHz) radio continuum in The H i/OH/Recombination line (THOR) survey. In this work, we present our investigation of Faraday depth fluctuations from angular scales comparable to the size of the SNRs down to scales less than our 16″ beam (≲0.7 pc) from Faraday dispersion (σ

ϕ
). From THOR, we find median σ

ϕ
of 15.9 ± 3.2 rad m−2 for G46.8−0.3 and 17.6 ± 1.6 rad m−2 for G39.2−0.3. When comparing to polarization at 6 cm, we find evidence for σ

ϕ
≳ 30 rad m−2 in localized regions where we detect no polarization in THOR. We combine Faraday depth dispersion with the rotation measure (RM) structure function (SF) and find evidence for a break in the SF on scales less than the THOR beam. We estimate the RM SF of the foreground interstellar medium using the SF of extragalactic radio sources and pulsars to find that the RM fluctuations we measure originate within the SNRs for all but the largest angular scales.
La question du mal
Authors: Neiman Susan , Euvé François , Sarthou-Lajus Nathalie
Published: October 2023

La question du mal est une pierre d’achoppement pour la philosophie. Dans son dernier ouvrage traduit en français Penser le mal (Premier Parallèle, 2022), la philosophe américaine Susan Neiman montre le choc existentiel que représentent les expériences diverses et ordinaires du mal. Qu’il soit naturel ou moral, subi ou commis, le mal provoque la pensée et suscite l’interrogation sur le sens même de l’existence. Il est par excellence une grande question philosophique qui fait corps avec l’histoire de la philosophie en Europe.
En Chine, le confucianisme et le taoïsme au service du Parti
Authors: Meyer Claude , Euvé François
Published: October 2023

Pays officiellement athée, la Chine de Xi Jinping intègre dans son idéologie des éléments repris aux cultes traditionnels que sont surtout le confucianisme, mais aussi le taoïsme et le bouddhisme, qui sont mis au service d’un projet nationaliste.
Deux pionniers de l’alphabétisation en Belgique. Catherine Stercq et Marc Timmerman
Authors: Laloy David , Marcelle Hélène , Gerkens Jean-Philippe
Published: October 2023

En Belgique, le secteur de l’alphabétisation s’est construit sur deux voies : l’une francophone, l’autre néerlandophone. Rarement elles se sont croisées. Le présent article tente, sur le format de la double interview, un croisement de regards entre nord et sud de la Belgique en invitant une pionnière francophone, Catherine Stercq et un pionnier néerlandophone, Marc Timmerman, à dialoguer ensemble autour des temps forts de leurs chantiers respectifs. Les deux militants évoquent chacun la genèse des actions d’alphabétisation, l’évolution des publics au cours du temps, les inégalités d’accès à la formation et la stigmatisation des illettrés. Ensemble, ils rendent compte de 40 années de détermination et d’engagement parsemées de coups durs mais aussi de très belles avancées.
Le choc culturel : révélateur des difficultés des travailleurs sociaux intervenant en milieu de migrants et réfugiés
Authors: Cohen-Emerique Margalit
Published: October 2023

Cette contribution propose de rapporter deux situations de chocs culturels vécus par des travailleurs sociaux intervenants auprès de personnes migrantes ou réfugiées, ainsi que leur analyse à partir d’une grille de lecture. Celle-ci a été construite sur la base d’une expérience de formation à la communication interculturelle. Cette grille nous permet d’étudier les incidents concernant les dimensions culturelles de l’intervenant autant que celles de l’usager, toutes deux sont des fondamentaux à prendre en compte dans l’accomplissement de relations interculturelles harmonieuses.
Le volontariat et la professionnalisation dans l’état providence mixte en Espagne : une inconnue pour l’avenir
Authors: Lacalzada de Mateo María José
Published: October 2023

Cet article propose une analyse de l’évolution des associations d’action sociale, et de leur profonde transformation suite à la crise économique et sociale qui a touché l’Espagne dès 2008. L’analyse porte principalement sur les tensions entre volontariat et employabilité, qui permettent d’appréhender les tournants de la professionnalisation des associations.
L’articulation travail-famille « au masculin ». Des pères empêchés de paternité ?
Authors: Chatot Myriam
Published: October 2023

Si les tensions organisationnelles, temporelles et subjectives vécues par les femmes concernant l’articulation travail-famille sont bien connues, celles vécues par les hommes ont été moins étudiées. L’objectif de cet article est d’explorer à quelles conditions l’activité professionnelle est vécue par les pères comme un obstacle au temps parental. À partir d’une enquête qualitative menée auprès de 34 pères actifs occupés, en couple hétérosexuel, ayant au moins un enfant de moins de trois ans, il s’agira de mettre en évidence le rapport subjectif de ces hommes à l’articulation travail-famille, à partir d’un « objet-loupe » : les horaires de travail. Dans cet article, il est montré que le « temps parental père-enfant », en ce qui concerne les tâches quotidiennes, est appréhendé par les hommes moins comme un impératif parental que comme un service conjugal.
Approaching the Contours of an American [Man] of Letters : William Gilmore Simms (1806-1870)
Authors: Daveau Gabriel
Published: October 2023

Cet article interroge la place problématique de l’écrivain William Gilmore Simms, de son vivant l’une des figures littéraires les plus populaires du Vieux Sud, et qui fut par la suite tenu à l’écart du canon américain. Alors que les deux principales biographies s’appuient sur la monumentalité et le volume pour saisir la présence de Simms, il est possible de s’appuyer sur sa fiction courte pour repenser son rôle dans l’histoire littéraire des États-Unis, à mi-chemin entre présence et absence.
Event-triggered sliding mode control for a class of uncertain switching systems
Authors: Li Jiaojiao , Wang Yingying , Zhang Jianyu
Published: October 2023

We discuss the problem of event-triggered sliding mode control for a class of uncertain switched systems. First, through the pre-designed sliding mode surface, the corresponding sliding mode dynamics of the switched system are obtained. Second, based on the Lyapunov function technique and average dwell time strategy, the exponential stability of the correlated sliding mode dynamics is analyzed. Then, a sliding mode control law is designed by using the event-triggered mechanism, which can drive the state trajectories of the uncertain switched system to the bounded sliding mode region and maintain it there for subsequent time. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Cartographier la violence létale, un décryptage du narcotrafic dans la ville de Rio de Janeiro au Brésil (2014-2018)
Authors: Varotto Deborah Probst Gaudard
Published: October 2023

Comment vérifier à Rio de Janeiro les rapports entre les taux élevés d’homicides et les conflits autour du trafic de drogues ? Les cartes géographiques construites à partir de données géolocalisées des événements de la violence létale, de 2014 à 2018, ont permis de confirmer leur concentration (notamment) dans les zones limitrophes des favelas, révélant ainsi la relation de cette violence avec les conflits entre les factions, d’une part, et entre celles-ci et les forces de l’ordre, d’autre part. La même concentration apparaît dans le nombre de morts provoquées par les interventions policières. L’analyse de ces cartes permet, par comparaison avec les conflits armés, d’établir que la situation de violence à Rio, que nous pourrons qualifier de « zone grise », excède la violence urbaine rencontrée dans la plupart des grandes villes du monde.
Transitions funéraires, transitions émotionnelles
Authors: Boquet Damien
Published: October 2023

Cette contribution propose de relire L’homme devant la mort de Philippe Ariès dans le cadre d’une réflexion sur la généalogie de l’histoire des émotions. Aux régimes funéraires et aux grandes phases des attitudes devant la mort correspondent des régimes émotionnels spécifiques qui mettent en avant plusieurs ruptures ainsi qu’une crise de transition autour du XVIIe siècle. Contre toute attente, le compagnonnage entre histoire des sensibilités et histoire des pratiques funéraires conduit Ariès à s’écarter du modèle rationalisant du « processus de civilisation » (Elias) qui continue cependant d’influencer l’historiographie contemporaine.
Révolution ou transition ?
Authors: Grosse Christian
Published: October 2023

Cette contribution se propose d’évaluer la radicalité de la rupture provoquée par la Réforme zwingliano-calviniste avec la culture funéraire héritée du Moyen Âge. La décléricalisation des funérailles qu’elle entraîne peut apparaître comme radicale, mais elle ne permet pas de conclure à une déritualisation. Si l’on observe le système réformé de la mort dans son ensemble, de l’agonie aux pratiques de commémoration, il devient évident que ce courant du protestantisme a bien reconstitué des formes d’encadrement rituel de la mort et que ces formes ont évolué avec leur temps. Envisagé sur trois siècles, ce système se situe en réalité en continuité avec la transition funéraire propre à la première modernité.
Transformations de la crémation
Authors: Grainger Hilary J.
Published: October 2023

La crémation a désormais atteint le stade de la normalité culturelle, voire de l’hégémonie sur les rites funéraires au Royaume-Uni, où 78,45 % des décès donnent lieu à une crémation, ce qui situe ce pays au sixième rang européen. Le passage progressif de l’inhumation à la crémation est d’autant plus remarquable qu’il aura fallu lutter contre les coutumes religieuses, les préjugés et le conservatisme. Le présent chapitre identifie et explore les facteurs aussi complexes que multiples ayant contribué à cette transition tout en fluctuant au gré des changements religieux, juridiques et sociétaux. Il s’agit notamment de la promotion et de la persuasion, du rôle des individus et des organisations, des croyances religieuses, de l’incroyance dans une société de plus en plus laïque, de l’évolution des attitudes à l’égard des pratiques de deuil, de l’essor des funérailles personnalisées, du développement continu de la législation, du rôle de l’État-providence, de la propriété privée et publique des crématoriums, du rôle de l’expression architecturale et de la création de nouveaux paysages de deuil, de la mobilité sociale et géographique, des intérêts commerciaux et des préoccupations environnementales.
Une transition funéraire entre Louis XVI et Louis-Philippe
Authors: Bertrand Régis
Published: October 2023

En moins de trois générations, une transformation des pratiques funèbres et commémoratives s’est produite, avec la fin de l’inhumation dans les églises (1776 et 1804) et la création de vastes cimetières périurbains. L’enclos des morts devient avec le Père-Lachaise (1804) un lieu public où les espaces de circulation et d’inhumation sont distingués. Il se couvre de tombeaux. Il sert de modèle aux nouveaux cimetières urbains français. Les cortèges d’obsèques s’ouvrent après la Révolution à qui veut rendre hommage au mort. Ils pénètrent dans le cimetière, où des discours peuvent être prononcés « devant la fosse ». La visite des tombeaux s’accompagne du dépôt de fleurs, usage inconnu sous l’Ancien Régime. Des mémoriaux des morts « illustres » se répandent dans les villes. Leurs statues migrent du cimetière sur les places et dans les jardins publics. Les noms des rues reçoivent une fonction commémorative. Les médaillons de cheveux puis la photographie permettent aussi la constitution de mémoriaux intimes.
ESTIGMA DE CORTESIA E CONDIÇÕES DE SAÚDE: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA
Authors: Maldonado Daniel , Telmo Mota Ronzani  , Leonardo Fernandes Martins
Published: October 2023

A literatura científica aponta consistentemente que grupos historicamente alvos de estigma social experimentam efeitos deletérios, em diversas esferas da vida.  A despeito da sua gravidade e pervasividade, ainda existem lacunas na investigação do tema, tais como aquela voltada para o Estigma de Cortesia, que é vivenciado por pessoas que possuem vínculos afetivos ou profissionais com o indivíduo estigmatizado. O presente artigo teve como objetivo apresentar o estado da arte sobre estigma de cortesia, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de estudos empíricos originais publicados em periódicos revisados por pares e indexados nas principais bases relacionadas ao campo de investigação (PsycNET (APA), Pubmed, Bvs Brasil, Periódicos CAPES, SciELO e Pepsic). Como palavras-chave, para a busca dos resumos, utilizou-se: estigma de cortesia, estigma de afiliação e estigma de associação. Ao todo, 94 textos completos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Os estudos apontaram que o estigma de cortesia tem sido investigado predominantemente entre familiares de pessoas que possuem algum tipo de problema relacionado com sua saúde mental, além de pais de crianças com algum tipo de deficiência.
Using of Limestone Cement in Fibre-Cement Corrugated Sheets Production
Authors: Hoško Marek , Bodnárová Lenka
Published: October 2023

The paper deals with the production of fibre-cement and the use of limestone cement in its production. The paper describes the basic properties of final products, the basic raw materials and the Hatschek production technology used for the production of corrugated sheets. The attention is paid especially to the wet part of the production when describing the production process. The emphasis was mainly placed on the preparation of fibre-cement slurry and the gradual formation of a layer of fibre-cement on the surface of the cylindrical sieve. The paper describes the possible use of limestone cement in the production of corrugated sheets. Trial recipes were designed with using limestone cement CEM II with and without separately dosed limestone. The fibre-cement corrugated sheets were produced with using Hatschek technology. Mainly was investigated the influence of limestone dosing on the strength characteristics and the volume weight of the final products. The produced sheets were tested according to EN 494+A1: 2016 Fibre-cement profiled sheets and fittings - Product specification and test methods. The tested samples reached comparable results like sheets produced according to standard recipe. No negative effect on the strength characteristics of final products was proven between the standard and the trial recipes.
Bio-Organic Based Resistive Switching Random-Access Memory
Authors: Awais Muhammad , Zhao Feng , Cheong Kuan Yew
Published: October 2023

A non-volatile memory is a solid-state device that can retain data even power supply is terminated. It is an essential data storage device that serves as a backbone for the advancement of Internet-of-Things. There are various emerging non-volatile memory technologies in different technology-readiness levels, to replace the existing technologies with limited memory density, operating speed, power consumption, manufacturability, and data security. Of the emerging technologies, resistive switching technology is one of the most promising next generation non-volatile random-access memories. The fundamental working principle of the resistive-switching random-access memory (ReRAM) is based on memristor characterises with metal-insulator-metal stacking structure. Same as other solid-state devices, ReRAM is also facing issue of electronic waste when the memory device is discarded. To overcome this issue, bio-organic materials as green and sustainable engineering materials have been used to fabricate ReRAM. In this review, development of bio-organic based ReRAM, in particular the resistive switching mechanisms and device performance, have been discussed and challenging and future applications of this memory have been provided.
Sunlight-Mediated Synthesis of Metallic Silver Nanoparticles with Coffee (Robusta/Arabica) Pulp Aqueous Extract for Hg2+ Ion Detection
Authors: Bantang Jose Paolo , Abadiano Rujhielane Khim , Viron Kimberly P. , Tugahan Charisse T. , Payag Zailla F. , Camacho Drexel H. , Santos Gil Nonato C. , Leano Jr. Julius L.
Published: October 2023

On-site and portable detection of heavy metals, especially in water, is critical for public health safety. Mercury is a toxic heavy metal and poses environmental and health hazard concerns causing neurological and behavioral disorders. Metallic nanoparticles possess unique optical properties, which can be used for heavy metal sensing applications. In this study, a colorimetric method for detecting mercury using silver nanoparticles was developed. The reduction of Ag+ to AgNP was initiated using sunlight with coffee pulp aqueous extract as a reducing agent. The UV-Vis spectrum of the as-prepared AgNP solution shows a maximum absorption peak at 433 nm due to the metal’s localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). The SEM analysis of the dried sample shows an aggregate of AgNPs with spherical morphology with diameters less than 100 nm. The dynamic light scattering distribution curve shows a bimodal peak with a mean hydrodynamic radius of 12.73 nm and 145 nm, respectively. The large hydrodynamic radius of more than 100 nm may be attributed to the presence of AgNP aggregates in the solution. The synthesized AgNP was shown to selectively detect Hg2+ ions in solution colorimetrically. A linear calibration curve was obtained for the Hg2+ solution between 0.04 mM and 0.2 mM with R2 equal to 0.9934. This proposed method can potentially be used in the analysis of actual water samples.
PDMS Substrates with tunable stiffness for cardiac mechanobiology investigation: A nanoindentation study
Authors: Serino Gianpaolo , Lugas Andrea T. , Bernava Giacomo , Ragazzini Sara , Gabetti Stefano , Terzini Mara , Morbiducci Umberto , Audenino Alberto , Pesce Maurizio , Massai Diana
Published: October 2023

Micromechanical characterization by nanoindentation of PDMS substrates for cardiac mechanobiology studies.
Polyvinyl alcohol/cellulose hydrogel as possible corneal stroma substitute in drug permeation tests
Authors: Zucchetti Erica , Ling Leonardo , Monti Daniela , Chetoni Patrizia , Tampucci Silvia , Burgalassi Susi
Published: October 2023

The permeation studies of active compounds and formulations are necessary to verify the capability of molecules to pass through the physiological barrier of our body. In order to develop a 3D model of the cornea, preparation and characterization of different hydrogels as corneal stroma substitutes were tested.
Predictors of Viral Suppression among Adults Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Ogunyinka Ibrahim Abayomi , Shaibu Rita Ojochide , Abubakar Kabiru , Yahaya Mohammed , Chukwudi Udegbunam Emmanuel , Usman Muhammad Liman , Abdulazeez Lubabatu Abdulkadir
Published: October 2023

Background Information:

Over 1.6 million Nigerians have succumbed to the ravaging scourge of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic since its discovery. Viral suppression (VS) then becomes a critical cost-effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategy. We assessed the prevalence and predictors of VS.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective case file review was conducted among adults (aged ≥18 years) living with HIV/AIDS who accessed care at a tertiary health facility in Northwestern Nigeria between January and December 2021.

Results:

One thousand one hundred and twenty HIV/AIDS-eligible patients accessed care during the study. Their age ranged between 20 and 70 years with a mean of 43.83 ± 10.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.19–44.46). The patients were mostly female (728; 65.0), residing in urban areas (680; 60.7%), self-employed (440; 39.3%), married (712; 63.6%), receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at most 14 years (916; 81.8%), on first-line ART regimen (812; 72.5%), in HIV clinical stage 1 (964; 86.1%), and with a baseline CD4 count of 199 cells/µl (453; 40.4%). The prevalence of VS of 64.3% (720/1120) was recorded in the study. The predictors of VS were disclosure of HIV status (odds ratio [OR] =2.4; 95% CI = 1.503–3.832), absence of opportunistic infections (OR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.242–5.406), receiving ART for 15–29 years (OR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.398–3.292), first-line ART regimen (OR = 3.7; 95% CI = 2.618–5.115), and adequate adherence (OR = 4.7; 95% CI = 3.324–6.766).

Conclusion:

VS was suboptimal among the study cohort with adequate adherence being its strongest predictor.
False-positive typhidot IgM assay in COVID-19 patients: A potential public health problem in tropical countries during COVID-19 endemic phase
Authors: Bansal Yashik , Singh Niharika , Chaudhary Shivani , Bansal Naveen
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND:

Since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, reports of false-positive serological test results were reported in COVID-19 patients. Typhidot IgM test is reported in a few studies to give false-positive results in various viral illnesses in the past. The aim of this study was to estimate the typhidot IgM positivity rate in reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present study was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. All symptomatic patients having fever that were admitted between April 1, 2021, and July 15, 2021, with a confirmed RT-PCR-positive result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) were included in the study. Serological testing was done by typhoid IgM/IgG rapid diagnostic test for all SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR-positive patients. The primary outcome studied was to estimate the typhidot IgM positivity rate among RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients. The secondary outcome studied was to determine the correlation between SARS-CoV-2 RT PCR cycle threshold (CT) value and typhidot-positive result.

RESULTS:

Three hundred and five (17.99%) out of 1695 samples of confirmed COVID-19 patients were positive for typhoid serology by typhidot IgM test. However, upon performing Point-Biserial correlation analysis (P = 0.832, r = 0.021), no correlation was seen between RT-PCR CT value and typhidot result.

CONCLUSIONS:

Typhidot test is a nonspecific diagnostic test for typhoid fever which can be false positive in COVID-19 patients. Hence, physicians should take this into consideration to avoid misdiagnosis and delay in accurate treatment of acute febrile illness cases, especially in the present scenario of COVID-19 endemicity.
Psychological Support for Earthquake Survivors in Turkey and Syria
Authors: El-Barazi Amani Safwat
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Thousands of children and families are in danger after two powerful earthquakes and dozens of aftershocks struck the border between Turkey and Syria. Thus, earthquake survivors in Turkey and Syria have an urgent need for psychological help. The objectives of this study were to (1) describe the mental health support services offered to people affected by the earthquakes that ravaged parts of Turkey and Syria, (2) discuss the challenges faced by the psychological support services, and (3) highlight recommendations for improving mental health services for earthquake survivors.

Methods:

A questionnaire with open-ended questions was E-mailed to nongovernmental organizations that provide mental health and psychological support to earthquake-affected individuals in Turkey and Syria. The organizations were requested to describe their activities and the obstacles they had to face to deliver these psychological support services. Using content analysis, the gathered statements were examined.

Results:

Mental health professionals from 23 nongovernmental organizations responded. The earthquake survivors were mostly provided with Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing and spiritual support. Human resources and financial issues were the most reported concerns among the organizations that responded to the current study.

Conclusions:

While dealing with the long-term consequences of a disaster, it is essential to coordinate the efforts of many organizations.
Влияние винеровского процесса на решения потенциального уравнения Ю-Тоды-Сасы-Фукуямы для двуслойной жидкости
Authors: Al-Askar Farah M.
Published: October 2023

Изучается ($3+1$)-мерное стохастическое потенциальное уравнение Ю-Тоды-Сасы-Фукуямы, определяющееся в смысле Ито мультипликативным винеровским процессом. Для получения решений этого уравнения использованы метод вспомогательных обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений Риккати-Бернулли и вариационный метод Хе. Решения выражаются через тригонометрические, гиперболические и рациональные функции. Рассматриваемое уравнение описывает нелинейные волны и солитоны в средах с дисперсией, физике плазмы и гидродинамике и может объяснить многие интересные физические явления. Графически показано, как винеровский процесс влияет на точные решения.
Свободная энергия, энтропия и намагниченность одномерной модели Изинга разбавленного магнетика
Authors: Semkin Sergei Viktorovich , Smagin Viktor Pavlovich
Published: October 2023

Рассмотрена одномерная модель Изинга (цепочка) с взаимодействием только между ближайшими соседями и со случайным немагнитным разбавлением. Найдено точное значение свободной энергии такой цепочки, как функция концентрации примеси, температуры и внешнего магнитного поля. Как функции этих параметров для случая антиферромагнитного взаимодействия в цепочке найдены удельная намагниченность, среднее значение произведения соседних спинов и энтропия. Исследована остаточная энтропия системы.
Преобразования симметрии статистики поля вихря в оптической турбулентности
Authors: Grebenev Vladimir Nikolaevich , Grishkov Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Medvedev Sergey Borisovich
Published: October 2023

Концепция калибровочных преобразований применяется в доказательстве инвариантности статистики линий нулевой завихренности в случае обратного каскада энергии в волновой оптической турбулентности, которая изучается в рамках гидродинамического приближения двумерного нелинейного уравнения Шредингера для весового поля скорости $\mathbf u$. При этом многоточечные функции плотности распределения вероятности $f_n$ поля вихря $\Omega=\nabla\times\mathbf u$ удовлетворяют бесконечной цепочке уравнений Ландгрена-Монина-Новикова (статистическая форма уравнений Эйлера). Уравнения рассматриваются при внешнем воздействии в виде белого гауссова шума и крупномасштабного трения, что ведет к статистической стационарности функции плотности распределения вероятности. Основной результат: преобразования являются локальными, конформно-инвариантно преобразуют $n$-точечную статистику линий нулевой завихренности или вероятность, что случайная кривая $\mathbf x(l)$ проходит через точки $\mathbf x_i\in\mathbb R^2$ при $l=l_i$, $i=1,…,n$, где $\Omega=0$, является инвариантной при конформных преобразованиях.
Joint frame rate adaptation and object recognition model selection for stabilized unmanned aerial vehicle surveillance
Authors: Kim Gyu Seon , Lee Haemin , Park Soohyun , Kim Joongheon
Published: October 2023

We propose an adaptive unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐assisted object recognition algorithm for urban surveillance scenarios. For UAV‐assisted surveillance, UAVs are equipped with learning‐based object recognition models and can collect surveillance image data. However, owing to the limitations of UAVs regarding power and computational resources, adaptive control must be performed accordingly. Therefore, we introduce a self‐adaptive control strategy to maximize the time‐averaged recognition performance subject to stability through a formulation based on Lyapunov optimization. Results from performance evaluations on real‐world data demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves the desired performance improvements.
Challenges of Antibiotic Formulations and Administration in the Treatment of Bloodstream Infections in Children Under Five Admitted to Kisantu Hospital, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Tack Bieke , Vita Daniel , Ntangu Emmanuel , Ngina Japhet , Mukoko Pathy , Lutumba Adèle , Vangeluwe Dina , Toelen Jaan , Allegaert Karel , Lunguya Octavie , Ravinetto Raffaella , Jacobs Jan
Published: October 2023

Severe bacterial infections in children need prompt, appropriate antibiotic treatment. We report challenges observed within a prospective, cohort study on antibiotic efficacy in non-typhi Salmonella bloodstream infection (NCT04850677) in Kisantu district hospital (Democratic Republic of Congo). Children (aged > 28 days to < 5 years) admitted with suspected bloodstream infection (August 1, 2021 through July 31, 2022) were enrolled and followed until day 3 or discharge for non-typhi Salmonella patients. Antibiotics were administered to 98.4% (1,838/1,867) of children, accounting for 2,296 antibiotic regimens (95.7% intravenous, 4.3% oral). Only 78.3% and 61.8% of children were, respectively, prescribed and administered antibiotics on the admission day. At least one dose was not administered in 3.6% of children, mostly because of mismatch of the four times daily cefotaxime schedule with the twice-daily administration rounds. Inappropriate intravenous administration practices included multidose use, air-venting, and direct injection instead of perfusion. There was inaccurate aliquoting in 18.0% (32/178) of intravenous ciprofloxacin regimens, and thus administered doses were > 16% below the intended dose. Dosing accuracy of oral suspensions was impaired by lack of instructions for reconstitution, volume indicators, and/or dosing devices. Adult-dose tablets were split without/beyond scoring lines in 84.4% (27/32) of tablets. Poor availability and affordability of age-appropriate oral formulations contributed to low proportions of intravenous-to-oral switch (33.3% (79/237) of non-typhi Salmonella patients). Other quality issues included poor packaging, nonhomogeneous suspensions, and unsafe water for reconstitution. In conclusion, poor antibiotic products (no age-appropriate formulations, poor quality and access), processes (delayed prescription/administration, missed doses), and practices (inaccurate doses, [bio]safety risks) must be urgently addressed to improve pediatric antibiotic treatment.
The Path to Safe Machine Learning for Automotive
Applications
Authors: Burton Simon
Published: October 2023

Recent rapid advancement in machine learning (ML) technologies have unlocked the
potential for realizing advanced vehicle functions that were previously not
feasible using traditional approaches to software development. One prominent
example is the area of automated driving. However, there is much discussion
regarding whether ML-based vehicle functions can be engineered to be acceptably
safe, with concerns related to the inherent difficulty and ambiguity of the
tasks to which the technology is applied. This leads to challenges in defining
adequately safe responses for all possible situations and an acceptable level of
residual risk, which is then compounded by the reliance on training data.

The Path to Safe Machine Learning for Automotive Applications
discusses the challenges involved in the application of ML to safety-critical
vehicle functions and provides a set of recommendations within the context of
current and upcoming safety standards. In summary, the potential of ML will only
be unlocked for safety-related functions if the inevitable uncertainties
associated with both the specification and performance of the trained models can
be sufficiently well understood and controlled within the application-specific
context.

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Research Report portfolio.
The Adoption of Digital Twins in Integrated Vehicle Health
Management
Authors: Phillips Paul
Published: October 2023

To many, a digital twin offers “functionality,” or the ability to virtually rerun
events that have happened on the real system and the ability to simulate future
performance. However, this requires models based on the physics of the system to
be built into the digital twin, links to data from sensors on the real live
system, and sophisticated algorithms incorporating artificial intelligence (AI)
and machine learning (ML). All of this can be used for integrated vehicle health
management (IVHM) decisions, such as determining future failure, root cause
analysis, and optimized energy performance. All of these can be used to make
decisions to optimize the operation of an aircraft—these may even extend into
safety-based decisions.

The Adoption of Digital Twins in Integrated Vehicle Health
Management, however, still has a range of unsettled topics that cover
technological reliability, data security and ownership, user presentation and
interfaces, as well as certification of the digital twin’s system mechanics
(i.e., AI, ML) for use in safety-critical applications.

Click
here to access the full SAE EDGETM
Research Report portfolio.