bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality assessment of antibiotic use data in the Norwegian Veterinary Prescription Register for 2023
Authors: Udhwani Trishang , Grave Kari , Hoppp Petter , Helgesen Kari Olli
Published: February 2025

Background
Antibiotic use data in animals is of interest to understand the development and occurrence of antibiotic resistance in a one health perspective. From 2023 and onwards, it has become mandatory to collect and report data on antibiotic use per animal species or subcategory of species in all EU and EEA countries. Norway collects data on use of medicines for animals through the Norwegian Veterinary Prescription Register (VetReg). It is mandatory for veterinarians to report the use of all medicines for food-producing animals and for pharmacies to report to VetReg all medicines dispensed to animal owners for all animal species and to veterinarians.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality of antibiotic VetReg data for 2023, focusing on the information required to fulfill reporting of use data in accordance with the EU-requirements. The quality attributes, accuracy of data and timeliness of reporting, were evaluated using VetReg data, and completeness was evaluated by comparing VetReg data with sales statistics from wholesalers.
Results
In general, the accuracy varied between the variables and within a variable, depending on if veterinarians or pharmacies were the data source. For example, 97% of veterinary records included the required subcategory of the animal species, while only 17% of the pharmacy's records did. Antibiotic use data in VetReg was calculated to cover 85% of the antibiotics sold by wholesaler to pharmacies. Timeliness also varied - i.e. pharmacies reported almost immediately after dispensing, while 29% of veterinary records were not reported within the deadline of seven days.
Conclusions
Antibiotic use data for animals in Norway in 2023 could be reported to EMA using VetReg data. The data were, however, not fully accurate and complete. This study revealed several specific accuracy issues and that veterinarians did not always adhere to their deadline for reporting. These findings provide the basis for targeted quality improvement measures and can be transformed to metrics suitable to track the progress of the ongoing quality improvement work.
From bugs to sickness: disgust evaluation of ancestral, modern, and pandemic threats
Authors: Markéta Janovcová , Jakub Polák , Končická Anna , Chomik Aleksandra , Kaňková Šárka , Frynta Daniel , Landová Eva
Published: February 2025

Disgust is a fundamental emotion that evolved to protect organisms from pathogens and toxins, shaping behaviours critical for survival. This study explores how ancestral, modern, and pandemic-related visual stimuli elicit disgust. Specifically, our goal was to validate the categorisation of disgusting stimuli, evaluate the intensity of emotional responses, and determine the contribution of individual differences. A sample of 262 participants from diverse educational and professional backgrounds ranked 60 visual stimuli, including ancestral (spoiled food, bugs), modern (toxic substances, radioactivity), and pandemic-related (sneezing, masks, hospitals) categories, on perceived disgust (pictures of leaves were used as controls). They also completed assessments of pathogen, core, and moral disgust, along with pandemic-related behaviours and stress. Results revealed distinct clusters of disgust stimuli, with spoiled food evoking the strongest repulsion, while modern threats, such as pollution and radioactivity, elicited weaker disgust. Pandemic-related stimuli formed a unique category, with visible infection cues (e.g., sneezing) triggering stronger disgust than abstract cues like masks or hospital environments. The findings highlight the evolutionary roots of disgust and its adaptation to modern contexts. They underscore the need to consider cultural, individual, and situational factors in public health strategies and interventions targeting hygiene and disease prevention behaviours.
Factors Associated with Intentional Non-adherence to Endocrine Treatment Among Early Breast Cancer Survivors: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Okroša Ana Dugonjić , Silovski Tajana , Plavetić Natalija Dedić , Kifer Domagoj , Budisavljević Anuška , Silovski Hrvoje , Perišin Ana Šešelja , Dražin Renata Kelemenić , Skelin Marko , Bručić Lana Jajac , Zlatović Josipa Jović , Mucalo Iva
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) is crucial for reducing recurrence and mortality in early hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer (BC) survivors, yet it remains suboptimal. This study examined adherence to AET and identified associated factors to inform targeted support strategies.
Methods
A multi-centre, cross-sectional study included 920 BC survivors (median age 53 years) undergoing AET. Adherence was measured using the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS-5), while quality of life (QoL) and adverse effects (AE) were assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Endocrine Subscale (FACT-ES).
Results
Self-reported adherence during implementation phase was 51%. Among non-adherent patients, 71% were unintentionally and 29% intentionally non-adherent. Of 329 patients who missed doses in the prior month, only 2.4% missed more than 20% of prescribed doses. Poorer QoL (p = 0.009), greater AE burden (p = 0.007), younger age (p < 0.001), and tamoxifen treatment (p = 0.01) were factors linked to intentional non-adherence. Intentional non-adherence increased the odds of missing more doses (p < 0.001) and discontinuing treatment (p = 0.001). AET discontinuation occurred in 1.5% of patients, while 17% considered stopping the treatment, with endocrine AE as the primary reason for both.
Conclusion
Although half of the patients reported not fully adhering to AET, only a small fraction missed enough doses to compromise treatment conduction.
Implications for Cancer Survivors
Distinguishing between subtypes of non-adherence and identifying modifiable factors such as AE and QoL issues, interventions can be tailored to meet the specific needs of patients, especially those at higher risk of non-adherence.
Cones of special cycles and unfolding of the Kudla-Millson lift
Authors:   , Zuffetti Riccardo
Published: February 2025

This PhD thesis, divided in 4 chapters, sheds further light on the geometric and arithmetic properties of orthogonal Shimura varieties.
In the first chapter, we describe the cone C(X) generated by special cycles of codimension 2 on an orthogonal Shimura variety X. More precisely, we prove that the accumulation cone of C(X) is pointed, rational and polyhedral. The idea is to show analogous properties for the cones of Fourier coefficients of Siegel modular forms. We also compute the accumulation rays of C(X), proving that they are generated by combinations of Heegner divisors intersected with the Hodge class of X. Eventually, we conjecture the polyhedrality of C(X), translating it into properties of Fourier coefficients of Jacobi cusp forms.
We now describe the content of the second chapter.
Consider a sequence of pairwise different orthogonal Shimura subvarieties of fixed dimension r>2 in X. We prove that there exists a subsequence and an orthogonal Shimura subvariety Z of X, such that the subvarieties in the subsequence equidistribute in Z. We then compute the limits of the sequence of normalized cohomology classes. Eventually, we explain a strategy to compute the accumulation rays of the cones generated by special cycles on X via the previous results.
The goal of Chapter 3 is to unfold the defining integrals of the Kudla–Millson lift of genus 1, associated to even lattices of signature (b,2), where b>2. This enables us to compute the Fourier expansion of such defining integrals. As application, we prove the injectivity of the Kudla–Millson lift. Although this was already proved by Bruinier, our procedure has the advantage of paving the ground for a strategy that can work for the case of genus greater than 1.
In Chapter 4 we apply a similar strategy as in Chapter 3 to the genus 2 case. We unfold the defining integrals of the Kudla–Millson lift of genus 2, under the condition that the latter is associated to some even unimodular lattice of signature (b,2), where b>2. We explain why this unfolding is not enough to prove the injectivity of the lift, showing why an additional unfolding of integrals of Jacobi type seems necessary.
Impact of corporate environmental responsibility on business competitiveness and sustainability
Authors: Lutsenko Iryna , Tkachenko Pavlo , Olefirenko Oleg
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the growing importance of environmental responsibility, focusing on the sustainability efforts of major corporations such as Google and Apple. The research explores how these companies address global environmental challenges through innovative strategies, such as carbon emissions reduction and circular economy practices. The report highlights increasing public awareness of ecological issues by analysing Google Trends data for the USA, Canada, and Germany. This study identifies these companies' key actions to minimise their environmental footprints through a detailed review of Apple's and Google's sustainability strategies. Apple’s focus on recycled materials, trade-in technology, and reducing plastic use in packaging demonstrates its commitment to a circular economy. Meanwhile, Google’s ambition to achieve a fully decarbonised supply chain by 2030 exemplifies its efforts to minimise carbon emissions, positioning itself as a leader in corporate sustainability. The findings suggest that these corporate initiatives are aligned with global trends toward increased environmental responsibility. The paper discusses the potential for other companies to adopt similar sustainability practices and the challenges in scaling these strategies across different sectors and regions. By offering insights into the practical significance of corporate sustainability initiatives, this report provides valuable recommendations for businesses seeking to integrate environmental responsibility into their operations. The study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on sustainability in the corporate sector, emphasising the need for continued innovation and collaboration to address climate change. It is essential to provide educational initiatives, raise the awareness of employees and customers about environmental responsibility, and organise training and campaigns to promote an ecological lifestyle. These strategies allow companies to reduce their environmental impact and increase their competitiveness in the market, responding to the growing demand for environmentally responsible products and services.
Arctic gas hydrates: possibilities and prospects of studying by electromagnetic methods
Authors: Misyurkeeva N. V. , Buddo I. V. , Shelokhov I. A. , Smirnov A. S. , Nezhdanov A. A.
Published: February 2025

Deposits of unconventional hydrocarbons are reserve sources of replenishment of the raw material base of Russia. A significant part of unconventional gas is associated with gas hydrates, the search and exploration of which today remains a complex task for geologists. The extraction technology has not been developed yet, and the search criteria are still unclear for many objects. Western Siberia permafrost plays the key role in the existence of gas hydrates, creating conditions for their formation and ensuring their stability. Geophysical studies using the shallow near-field transient electro-magnetic sounding method together with the analysis of the hydrogeological and cryogenic structure, as well as the results of drilling and laboratory experiments contribute to the study of permafrost and gas hydrate formation. The purpose of the study is to assess the possibilities and prospects for studying gas hydrates using surface electrical exploration in the Arctic permafrost zone. The paper considers the physical and geological characteristics of gas hydrate accumulations and their manifestation in geophysical study results. Examples of gas hydrate manifestation in sandy deposits of the Tibeysalinskaya formation are given based on the materials of electrical exploration using the method of shallow near-field transient electro-magnetic sounding. The intervals of possible presence of gas hydrates are characterized by increased values of specific electrical resistance up to 30 Ohm∙m. The application prospects of using geophysical studies for gas hydrates mapping in Arctic are outlined.
On control and telemetry systems of borehole core drilling in glaciers and subglacial rocks with electromechanical cable-suspended drills
Authors: Shadrin V. S. , Bolshunov A. V. , Klimov V. Ya.
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the research is to study and systematize relevant scientific works on monitoring and telemetry systems for operating parameters of borehole core drilling in glaciers and subglacial rocks with electromechanical cable-suspended drills. The study includes a review of monitoring and telemetry systems for operational parameters of core drilling with electromechanical cable-suspended drills, which are used by domestic and foreign specialists when drilling wells in ice and subglacial rocks on islands in the Arctic and Antarctica. Based on the results obtained, a unified concept of the considered systems is defined and their features are outlined. A functional block diagram of a monitoring and telemetry system for operating parameters of core drilling with electromechanical cable-suspended drills is proposed. Taking into account the identified features and applied technical solutions in the monitoring and telemetry systems created by domestic and foreign specialists, the authors of the article formulate the requirements for the monitoring and telemetry system of the core drilling of rocks using a reciprocating rotary method. These requirements will be taken into account when developing a system for monitoring and telemetry of the reciprocating rotary method of drilling boreholes in subglacial rocks, which is one of the stages of the research conducted as a part of development and justification of the technology of subglacial rock core sampling in Antarctica by a dynamically balanced cable-suspended drill.
One-form symmetries and the 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ $A$-model: Topologically twisted indices and CS theories
Authors: Closset Cyril , Furrer Elias , Khlaif Osama
Published: February 2025

We study three-dimensional \mathcal{N}=2𝒩=2 supersymmetric Chern–Simons-matter gauge theories with a one-form symmetry in the AA-model formalism on \Sigma_g× S^1Σg×S1. We explicitly compute expectation values of topological line operators that implement the one-form symmetry. This allows us to compute the topologically twisted index on the closed Riemann surface \Sigma_gΣg for any real compact gauge group GG as long as the ground states are all bosonic. All computations are carried out in the effective AA-model on \Sigma_gΣg, whose S^1S1 ground states are the so-called Bethe vacua. We discuss how the 3d one-form symmetry acts on the Bethe vacua, and also how its ’t Hooft anomaly constrains the vacuum structure. In the special case of the SU(N)_KSU(N)K\mathcal{N}=2𝒩=2 Chern–Simons theory, we obtain results for the (SU(N)/\mathbb{Z}_r)^{\theta}_K(SU(N)/ℤr)Kθ\mathcal{N}=2𝒩=2 Chern–Simons theories, for all non-anomalous \mathbb{Z}_r \subseteq \mathbb{Z}_Nℤr⊆ℤN subgroups of the centre of the gauge group, and with a \mathbb{Z}_rℤr\thetaθ-angle turned on. In the special cases with NN even, {N\over r} odd and {K\over r} even, we find a mixed ’t Hooft anomaly between gravity and the \mathbb{Z}_r^{(1)}ℤr(1) one-form symmetry of the SU(N)_KSU(N)K theory, and the infrared 3d TQFT after gauging is spin. In all cases, we count the Bethe states and the higher-genus states in terms of refinements of Jordan’s totient function. This counting gives us the twisted indices if and only if the infrared 3d TQFT is bosonic. Our results lead to precise conjectures about integrality of indices, which appear to have a strong number-theoretic flavour. Note: this paper directly builds upon unpublished notes by Brian Willett from 2020.
InP/GaSb core-shell nanowires: A novel hole-based platform with strong spin-orbit coupling for full-shell hybrid devices
Authors: Vezzosi Andrea , Payá Carlos , Wójcik Paweł , Bertoni Andrea , Goldoni Guido , Prada Elsa , D. Escribano Samuel
Published: February 2025

Full-shell hybrid nanowires (NWs), structures comprising a superconductor shell that encapsulates a semiconductor (SM) core, have attracted considerable attention in the search for Majorana zero modes (MZMs). However, the predicted Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in the SM is too small to achieve substantial topological minigaps. In addition, the SM wavefunction spreads all across the section of the nanowire, leading typically to a finite background of trivial subgap states with which MZMs may coexist. To overcome both problems, we explore the advantages of utilizing core-shell hole-band NWs as the SM part of a full-shell hybrid, with an insulating core and an active SM shell. In particular, we consider InP/GaSb core-shell NWs, which allow to exploit the unique characteristics of the III-V compound SM valence bands. We demonstrate that they exhibit a robust hole SOC that emerges from the combination of the intrinsic spin-orbit interaction of the SM active shell and the confinement effects of the nanostructure, thus depending mainly on SM and geometrical parameters. In other words, the SOC is intrinsic and does not rely on red electric fields, which are non-tunable in a full-shell hybrid geometry. As a result, core-shell SM hole-band NWs are found to be a promising candidate to explore Majorana physics in full-hell hybrid devices, addressing several challenges in the field.
The landscape of unfolding with machine learning
Authors: Huetsch Nathan , Mariño Villadamigo Javier , Shmakov Alexander , Diefenbacher Sascha , Mikuni Vinicius , Heimel Theo , Fenton Michael James , Greif Kevin Thomas , Nachman Benjamin , Whiteson Daniel , Butter Anja , Plehn Tilman
Published: February 2025

Recent innovations from machine learning allow for data unfolding, without binning and including correlations across many dimensions. We describe a set of known, upgraded, and new methods for ML-based unfolding. The performance of these approaches are evaluated on the same two datasets. We find that all techniques are capable of accurately reproducing the particle-level spectra across complex observables. Given that these approaches are conceptually diverse, they offer an exciting toolkit for a new class of measurements that can probe the Standard Model with an unprecedented level of detail and may enable sensitivity to new phenomena.
STUDY OF OCULAR ANOMALIES IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AT RURAL TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College and Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni., Agresar Aditi , Nigwekar Shubhangi ,   Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College and Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni., Bagdiya Sakshi ,   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College and Dr. Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The human eye develops from a complex interplay between three germ layers. i.e surface ectoderm, neuroectoderm, the mesoderm. The basic morphogenetic process of the eye is completed at the end of the 2nd month of gestation but the complete maturation takes place only after birth. Any derangement of the development process leads to a different congenital ocular anomaly. Many children with congenital ocular anomalies have low vision. Therefore, there is a growing need for early screening, detection, and treatment by pediatric or trained ophthalmologists who may provide the rehabilitation of these cases.

Aims and Objectives: To study the distribution of various ocular anomalies and to study its association with known risk factors (like consanguinity, antenatal insults like maternal malnutrition and infections, etc) in the pediatric age group at tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods: An Observational, Descriptive, Cross-Sectional, and Hospital Based Study in patients age group upto 18 years attending Ophthalmology OPD and referred patients at Dr. VitthalraoVikhePatilPravara Rural Hospital, Loni over 12 months period from March 2023 to February 2024. A total of 50 patients with congenital anomalies were screened and evaluated. Results: In this study, the range was from birth to 18 years of age. 40% of the cases(20 patients) were in the age group 1 year. Out of 50 patients, there were 33 males (66%) and 17 females (34%). History of consanguinity present in 26% (13 patients) of cases. Antenatal insults present in 10% (5 patients) of cases. In this study, 18 patients in pre-school age were following the torch light as they were 1 yr of age. Total 9 (18%) patients had vision 3/60. Severe visual impairment ( 6/60-3/60) seen in 4 (8%) patients. Moderate visual impairment ( 6/18-6/60) seen in 11 (22%) patients. Mild or no visual impairment (6/18 or better) in 6 (12%) patients. The most common anomaly in our study was congenital dacryocystitis (30%), followed by congenital cataract (20%), followed by squint (18%), followed by ptosis (18%) and others were 14%.

Conclusion: Congenital ocular anomaly is one of the important cause of childhood blindness. Proper knowledge of the developmental pathogenesis of congenital ocular anomalies is highly important for correct diagnosis. The findings of our study can act as a reference guide for clinicians and health professionals for counselling, health planning and creating community awareness.
THE CONSTITUTION AND ELECTORAL PROCESSES IN KENYA: AN ELUSIVE QUEST FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, THE RULE OF LAW AND CONSTITUTIONALISM
Authors: Oloo Martin
Published: February 2025

Democratic governance in Kenya is anchored on the twin constitutional principles of sovereignty of the people and the rule of law. Kenya‘s Constitution reflects the long journey travelled on the quest for good governance in the electoral cycle process and the need for informed citizen action, for an effective electoral process a credible election management body, and viablepolitical parties. As Kenya approached the General elections in 2022, an audit of the electoral infrastructure, laws, political parties, and the voter, revealed a cocktail of mixed recipes, an uncertain electoral process, unpredictable political party processes and a plethora of hits and misses by elections management body. This article is borne out of a review of literature and statute laws, qualitative descriptive research, case law. In particular, attention is given to the settlement of disputesin tribunals and the Judiciary.The research methodology was augmented by the qualitative data from key informant persons drawn from the electoral management body, political parties, members of political parties and political party candidates in the forthcoming General elections. The research highlights the challenges in Kenya's democratic governance, noting uncertainties in rule of law and electoral processes. This is due to gaps in appreciation and understanding of the intentions of the framers of the 2010 constitution, architects of new legislation, and the role of the Independent Election and Boundaries Commission (IEBC). The study advocates for legislative reforms to strengthen the electoral system democratic governance, rule of law, and constitutionalism in the Kenyan electoral system.
A CASE STUDY OF PALMOPLANTAR PSORIASIS (VIPADIKA)WITH AYURVEDA MANAGEMENT
Authors:   PG Scholar, Department of Panchakarma, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Govt. (Auto.) Ayurvedic College and Institute, Bhopal (MP)., Nagraj Kaminee , Soni Kamini ,   Reader, Department of Panchakarma, Pt. Khushilal Sharma Govt. (Auto.) Ayurvedic College and Institute, Bhopal (MP).
Published: February 2025

Palmoplantar Psoriasis is an uncommon form of psoriasis that affects the skin on the palms and soles. It is distinguished by the appearance of hyperkeratosis, scaling, numerous cracks in the palms and soles, as well as pain and bleeding. The Palmoplantar variety of psoriasis comprises 3 to 4 percent of all cases of psoriasis. In Ayurveda, all skin diseases are categorized as Kushthaand KshudraKushtha. Based on clinical signs and symptoms, Palmoplanter Psoriasis may be associated with Vipadika (a type of KshudraKushtha mentioned in Ayurveda). It is distinguished by Pani-Pada Sphutana(a fissure in either the palms or soles, or both) and Teevra Vedana (extreme pain). It mostly concerns the Vata andKapha Doshas.

Aim:The aim was to evaluate the efficacy ofShodhana (Virechana), followed by Shamana drugs, external washing with Amla, Musta decoction, and three sessions of Jalaukavacharana in the management of Palmoplanter Psoriasis (Vipadika).

Material and Method:A 32-year-old female patient presented to OPD of Panchakarma Department of Pt. Khushilal Sharma Govt. (Auto.) AyurvedaCollege and Institute Bhopal with the complaint of fissures, scaling, blackish discoloration, and severe pain in bilateral palms associated with itching and burning sensation for the past 8 years. She wastreatedwith ShodhanarthaSnehapanawithPanchtikataGhritafollowed by Sarvanaga Abhyanga and VaspaSwedana with DashmoolaTailamand Dhshmoolavashpasweda. Virechanawas performed withTrivratadikashayam with Erand tailamfollowed by Shamana drugs, external washing with Amla, Musta decoction, and three sessions of Jalaukavacharana (leech application was planned every 7 days).

Result:The result of the treatment is recorded as a photographic document. After two months of treatment, the patients symptoms were relieved, and the skin condition improved noticeably.

Conclusion:The study concluded that Palmoplantarpsoriasiscan be successfully treated with Ayurveda management.
Development Trends of Russian Federalism as a Basic State Administration Principle
Authors: Benedisyuk Arina
Published: February 2025

The boundaries of the public administration system tend to blur as a result of poor systematic approach of the legislator to this institution. The doctrine of the public administration system of the modern Russian state needs a profound rethinking to obtain a clear system of interacting state bodies. This article describes the development of Russian federalism as a basic, system-forming principle of the organization and functioning of the public administration system. The research revealed a number of legal gaps and contradictions. The analysis included important constitutional changes in the federal structure and its new subjects, the status of the State Council, the tendency to subfederal and municipal territorial enlargement, and the normative legal regulation of the status of federal districts. The author believes that a federal okrug is a fake territorial unit. New legislative provisions are needed to eliminate organizational complexions and non-systemic solutions.
Digital Regulation and Artificial Intelligence in Court in the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Dan'shin Aleksandr
Published: February 2025

The People’s Republic of China is the global leader in terms of community code of digital technologies and artificial intelligence. The article describes the current digital regulation of legal proceedings in China. The analysis involved The Rules for Online Proceedings of People’s Courts (2021) and The Rules for the Online Operation of People’s Courts (2022) issued by the Supreme People’s Court of the People’s Republic of China. These documents strengthen the principles of justice, efficiency, security, and equality for all citizens who use digital technologies as part of court proceedings. These regulatory acts protect documents published on smart court platforms: for the first time in world practice, these documents acquire gratum preasumptione if created with the help of blockchain technologies. Digital technologies and artificial intelligence serve as effective tools of supervision that control the professional activities of judges: in China, such supervision is believed to increase public confidence in the judiciary. The consolidation of ethical principles for the use of digital innovations is a key priority of the judicial system in the People’s Republic of China.
Privacy Paradox: Privacy Issues on the Internet
Authors: Kanakova Anna
Published: February 2025

Initially, the Internet provided personal anonymity because users’ actions online had no actual connection to their real life. As technologies developed, new opportunities required users to provide their personal data, which led to digital information being directly related to real people. However, some users failed to adapt to the new functional Internet content: they keep treating it as anonymous environment. Even being aware of the potential threat, they make no attempts to protect their private life data, the phenomenon defined as the privacy paradox. It is a popular research subject in social studies and economics; however, the privacy paradox remains understudied by law scientists. The author studied the status of anonymity on the Internet as either a mandatory content of the right to privacy, or a phenomenon requiring restriction in order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of citizens and the state security. The article contains some proposals for establishing the normative balance between anonymity and the right to privacy on the Internet.
Fault in Tort Law: A Reinterpretation
Authors: Sevostyanova Angelina
Published: February 2025

As an element of tort, the classical legal category of fault evolved together with other legal concepts. Each of these concepts finds increasing validation through the dialogue and debate among representatives of different scientific approaches. Followers of the subjective concept draw inspiration from natural law, while proponents of the objective concept seek justification in positivist theory. Therefore, choosing one concept of fault from different legal paradigms is as challenging as declaring either the natural or positivist school of law as the sole correct approach. Each concept of fault helps achieve fair resolutions within its own category of cases, yet a single overarching concept of fault cannot exist in the post-classical period, characterized by its communicative theory of truth and relativism.
All attempts to frame law within the binary either/or formula come from classical rationality. Considering the subjective-objective fault (both/and), such an approach may deprive the law of its multidimensional nature. Additionally, the presumption of fault in tort law relieves courts from the need to conduct a thorough examination of fault when determining liability. As a result, the lack of empirical data on fault fosters a sense of incompleteness and leaves room for further legal discourse. In this article, the author explores the concept of fault from the perspective of judges, interpreting it as an objective-subjective category. This approach is rooted in post-classical legal theory. It describes fault as the verbal articulation of a specific action embedded in the legal norm and reflected in the text of judicial decisions. The offender’s perception exists within their consciousness. It is analyzed based on the evaluator’s involvement in the context of the offense and all objective circumstances. Like other legal elements, fault is a construct, i.e., its understanding is possible only as part of social relations, not in the mirror of nature (as per R. Rorty). Courts, in this sense, do not regard fault as a necessary condition for tort liability.
Content Sources of Anti-Corruption Education in Russian Pedagogy
Authors: Buharin Grigoriy
Published: February 2025

Anti-corruption education prevents corruption, but its content remains understudied. The article traces the genesis and development of anti-corruption education as a scientific category in Russian pedagogy. The author applied standard research methods, as well as the systemic, dialectical, and historical methods, to Russian laws and works by Russian educators to describe the domestic anti-corruption education in IX–XXI centuries. The anti-corruption education has always relied on cultural and historical values, moral ideals, personal attitudes, individual civic and moral qualities, and anti-corruption behavior patterns. All these content elements were divided into axiological and activity components. The axiological component included moral and ethical norms, e.g., truth, justice, and civic consciousness. It also involved such personal qualities as law-abiding, honesty, unselfishness, discipline, diligence, responsibility, and duty. The activity component was represented by passive and active anti-corruption behavior patterns. The evolution of the content of anti-corruption education makes it possible to select the most effective forms and methods of educational impact.
Mentoring as a Means of Developing Self-Organization Skills in First-Year Military Students of Education Organizations under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Authors: Ivanov Evgeniy
Published: February 2025

Military students, or cadets, should acquire self-organization skills as early as during their first year in education institutions under the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Self-organization helps them in adaptation and self-realization, i.e., professionalization, which depends on successful planning and organization. The humanitarian-anthropological approach postulates mentoring in an artificial co-event community of mentors and mentees. The author proposed to develop self-organization skills through a two-vector mentoring, i.e., a parallel support by two mentors, a member of the teaching staff and a senior cadet. The research idea was to design a model for developing self-organization skills in first-year military students through mentoring. The article describes a review and an empirical study, which included a pedagogical experiment and testing. The model consisted of seven correlating components. It specified organizational stages, forms, methods, means, resources, and conditions of mentoring. The experiment involved students of the department of military personnel workers, St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The experimental group demonstrated better results in three out of six scales. The results can be applied in the educational work in academic institutions of higher education under the Ministry of Internal Affairs or facilitate the revival of the institute of mentoring in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation.
Health and Healthy Lifestyle Attitudes in University Students
Authors: Svetlichnaya Tatyana , Smirnova Elena , Kytina Polina
Published: February 2025

Health is a fundamental human right. The authors studied gender, age, major, and religious commitment as factors that affected attitude towards health and healthy lifestyle in 526 students of the Cherepovets State University, Russia. The survey relied on the questionnaire of Health Attitudes developed by R. A. Berezovskaya. The questionnaire consisted of ten questions distributed by cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and value-motivational scales. Most students demonstrated no definite opinion on health-related issues. In good health, they assessed their mental state as calm, happy, and joyful; however, they denied that bad health could make them experience negative emotions. The students admitted taking no regular health-promoting measures and hesitated to describe the behavioral practices they turn to when sick. They considered themselves neither healthy, nor limited in such resources as time, money, etc. The sample group proved to be rather passive in their attitude towards their own health with an average score of 4.8 points on the value-motivational scale. The survey confirmed the current trend to perceive health not as vital, but as instrumental, i.e., not a goal in itself, but a value that makes it possible to achieve a certain goal.
Comparative analysis of three soft computing techniques for optimizing reservoir rule curves
Authors: Anvari Sedigheh , Moghaddasi Mahnoosh , Rashedi Esmat , El-Shafie Ahmed
Published: February 2025

Reservoir rule curves (RCs) are crucial for guiding operators on the optimal water release based on the available water at the start of each month. In the absence of RCs, simulation and optimization techniques can be effectively employed to develop these curves. This study evaluates the performance of various optimization techniques for deriving optimal reservoir RCs for the Zarrineh Rud reservoir using soft computing (SC) algorithms. The algorithms investigated include the genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and gravitational search algorithm (GSA). To this end, monthly demand and discharge data from 1987 to 2018 were collected. Historical RCs were first simulated using the sequent peak algorithm (SPA), and optimal RCs were subsequently derived through the GA–SPA, PSO–SPA, and GSA–SPA algorithms to minimize water shortages. The results indicated that the GSA–SPA generally improved the time-based (αt) and volume-based (αv) reliability indices by 3 and 2%, respectively, compared to the historical SPA (SPA-Hist). Additionally, simulations with the GSA–SPA significantly reduced the mean annual shortage and total shortage by approximately 8% compared to SPA-Hist. The PSO–SPA ranked second, with a 7.4 and 6.8% reduction in mean annual shortage and total shortage, respectively.
Fine structure of the microsporidian parasite (Holomycota: Microsporidia) found in the freshwater tardigrade Grevenius pushkini (Tardigrada: Isohypsibioidea)
Authors:   Laboratory of Cytology of Unicellular Organisms, Institute of Cytology RAS, G. Kamyshatskaya Oksana , V. Tumanov Denis ,   Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg University, V. Smirnov Alexey ,   Laboratory of Cytology of Unicellular Organisms, Institute of Cytology RAS, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg University, S. Nassonova Elena ,   Laboratory of Cytology of Unicellular Organisms, Institute of Cytology RAS
Published: February 2025

Proliferative stages and spores of a microsporidian parasite were identified in the
freshwater tardigrade Grevenius pushkini (Tardigrada: Isohypsibioidea). Infection
with microsporidia was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Parasites were detected in hypodermal cells, storage cells within the body cavity,
muscle cells, epithelial gonadal cells, germ cells, and nurse cells within the
gonad cavity. The typical stages of the microsporidian life cycle were observed,
including meronts, sporonts, sporoblasts, and spores. Early proliferative stages
developed in direct contact with the host cell’s cytoplasm, while sporoblasts,
immature, and mature spores were enclosed within voluminous vacuoles. The
mature spores were elongated and contained a single nucleus. The isofilar
polar filament formed 7–9 coils, arranged in a single row. The exospore
was ornamented with a thick layer of densely packed prismatic elements,
displaying a honeycomb-like structure in tangential sections. The spore wall
showed an interruption at the anterior pole of the spore, positioned above the
polar sac-anchoring disc complex. In this area, the spores displayed a nipplelike protrusion filled with loose amorphous material and bounded with an
electron-dense envelope, distinctive from any other spore wall layer. The unique
morphological features of the discovered microsporidian parasite differentiate
it from any known microsporidian species, warranting its classification as a new
species of microsporidia, designated as Microsporidium papillum sp. nov. This
study provides the first detailed morphological description of a microsporidia
found in tardigrades, and represents the second documented case of tardigradeinvading microsporidia described by TEM, highlighting Tardigrada as a new group in the list of microsporidian host taxa.
Degrowth – Utopia or Reality?
Authors: Buraj Ivan
Published: February 2025

The main goal of the following article is to present and justify the philosophical concept of degrowth as a real alternative to the cult of (unlimited economic) growth, the driving force of which is the pursuit of profit, which devastates the individual and the entire society, and last but not least, nature and the climate. It is also critical of today’s generally recognized options for solving the climate crisis, such as the strategy of the so-called sustainable development or green growth, which – as the author shows with several examples – may indeed help to solve it, but they do not consistently solve it. Such a permanent solution must involve a total and radical change in the way of life, which, would limit people, but would also be attractive enough for them. Although the focus is on a philosophical analysis of the whole issue, the author considers its historical, sociological and political aspects as well, to avoid excessive generalities and at the same time keep its philosophical breadth and depth.
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Received: 19/06/2024. Reviewed: 3/10/2024. Accepted: 5/11/2024.
Sprawozdanie z "17. Warsztatów Filozofii Przyrody" Sekcji Filozofii Przyrody i Nauk Przyrodniczych Polskiego Towarzystwa Filozoficznego, Kraków, 13-16.06.2024 r.
Authors: Płoski Jakub , Żydek Milena
Published: February 2025

W dniach 13-16 czerwca 2024 roku w krakowskim hotelu Hampton by Hilton odbyły się 17. Warsztaty Filozofii Przyrody. Wraz ze stałym organizatorem, czyli Sekcją Filozofii Przyrody i Nauk Przyrodniczych Polskiego Towarzystwa  Filozoficznego, tegoroczną edycję warsztatów współorganizowała Fundacja En Arche. Program wydarzenia obejmował referaty uczestników, debatę naukową oraz konkurs studencko-doktorancki na poster naukowy. Wśród uczestników warsztatów znaleźli się przedstawiciele ośrodków naukowych z Krakowa, Lublina, Łodzi, Poznania, Szczecina, Torunia, Warszawy, Zielonej Góry i Akron (USA), zajmujący się filozofią przyrody i filozofią nauk przyrodniczych.
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Zgłoszono: 16/07/2024. Zrecenzowano: 5/11/2024. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 16/12/2024.
Multimodalidade na palma da mão: ensino de libras a partir da produção de conteúdo no instagram
Authors:   , Silva Tárcia Tamária da Costa
Published: February 2025

Em meio a uma sociedade que se torna cada vez mais conectada por ambiente digitais,
surgem também diferentes formas de construir conhecimentos, isso nos mostra que as
mudanças ocorridas com o surgimento da internet vão muito além de transformações
tecnológicas, mas abrangem a comunicação, a linguagem e a forma que produzimos
conhecimentos. Atualmente, os sites de redes sociais possibilitam não só interações no campo
do entretenimento, mas a ampliação de forma híbrida de conhecimentos e intenções
discursivas que se entrelaçam em diversos deles. É o caso do campo discursivo educacional,
que está presente com seus sujeitos em ambientes como Instagram, produzem conteúdos que
envolvem temáticas educacionais e possuem muita procura por indivíduos que querem
aprender uma língua, mesmo sendo um ambiente não pensado para o ensino. Em vista disso,
este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar possibilidades de ensino de Libras via Instagram,
considerando gêneros que ali se materializam para esse fim e a descrição deles. Desse modo,
queremos identificar os gêneros mais abordados nas postagens disponibilizadas em três perfis
de professores no Instagram e descrever como as professoras se utilizam desses gêneros para
o ensino de Libras. Para isso, a base teórica a qual nos aliamos para analisar nossos dados é
consistida por Bakhtin (2016), para uma base sobre gêneros do discurso; Moita-lopes (2006),
Leffa (1988) e Paiva (2014), para Linguística Aplicada; Strobel (2008) e Gomes-Sousa
(2018), para cultura surda; Guaberto (2016), Paiva (2021), Kalantzis, Cope e Pinheiro (2020),
Pimenta e Santos (2011), sobre multimodalidade, Semiótica Social e Paisagem Semiótica; e
Valiati (2020) e Karhawi (2017), sobre produção de conteúdo digital. Em relação ao nosso
objetivo, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa e de natureza exploratória e descritiva, na qual
construímos nosso corpus de quinze postagens no Instagram de três perfis públicos que
tratam do ensino de Libras. Os resultados apontam que os gêneros mais utilizados são
atravessados por diferentes modos semióticos, como música, escrita, expressões faciais e
paisagem semiótica que remeta a espaços não educacionais. Além disso, são gêneros do
campo discursivo publicitário, embora se utilizem de estratégias do campo educacional, com
intenção de vender cursos de ensino de Libras. A metodologia de ensino que essas professoras
usam com os gêneros mais recorrentes parte da Abordagem Comunicacional e pode colaborar
para a existência da pedagogia bilíngue
Osteoporosis: Relevance of Biomolecules for Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Kozopas Viktor , Humeniuk Vasyl , Semenova Yuliya , Peana Massimiliano , Butnariu Monica , Lysiuk Roman , Bjørklund Geir
Published: February 2025

Osteoporosis, a metabolic disorder distinguished by decreased bone density
and degradation of bone tissue microarchitecture, is a silent disease that evolves without
any clinical symptoms or signs. An individual may not be aware of osteoporosis until a
fracture occurs. The lifetime risk of osteoporosis is estimated to be between 10 and
20%. The disease can have intrinsic causes, like genetic predisposition, aging, and lack
of sex hormones. However, it can also occur secondary to calcium and vitamin D deficiencies
due to the influence of various factors. With a global increase in osteoporotic
fractures, there is a need for macro-level and micro-level interventions to prevent and
treat osteoporosis and its complications. This review highlights the crucial role of various
biomolecules in diagnosing and managing osteoporosis and emphasizes the importance
of further research in the field.
Modified Taohong Siwu Decoction Improved Cardiac Function after
Myocardial Infarction by Activating PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Han , Luo Zhi-rong , Huang Meng-ying , Cai Hao , Lu Ping-ping , Xu Yan-Wu , Li Ming-jie , Guo Hai-dong
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Taohong Siwu decoction (THSWD), a traditional prescription for enhancing blood
circulation and eliminating blood stasis, primarily comprises peach kernel, safflower, angelica, chuanxiong,
and rehmannia. Modified Taohong Siwu decoction (MTHSWD), an advanced version of THSWD, incorporates
additional ingredients such as epimedium, cinnamon, and salvia miltiorrhiza. This addition serves to augment
its efficacy in warming yang and promoting blood circulation. MTHSWD has excellent heart protection
in cardiac damage, which indicates a promising application prospect. However, the mechanisms are yet unclear.

Methods:

In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking studies demonstrated that the effects of
MTHSWD may be significantly influenced by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In addition, to verify this
mechanism, three groups were divided and randomly selected from among the 35 Sprague-Dawley rats: Myocardial
infarction (MI) group, THSWD group, and MTHSWD group.

Results:

MTHSWD greatly improved fractional shortening as well as ejection fraction and reduced the infarct
size. MTHSWD attenuated cell apoptosis by activating the Akt pathway in infarcted areas. In vitro, the cytoprotective
effects of MTHSWD on H9C2 cells were significantly attenuated when PI3K/Akt was inhibited.

Conclusion:

Therefore, the study found that MTHSWD had a positive effect on heart function after myocardial
infarction by activating the Akt pathway.