bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ácido salicílico em mudas de videira cultivar ‘BRS Vitória’ sob estresse hídrico
Authors: Gomes Iana Priscila Freitas de Aquino , Dantas Claudia Daniella Mendes de Souza , Aires Eduardo Santana , Ono Elizabeth Orika
Published: February 2024

A importância econômica da videira no Vale do São Francisco, Brasil, implica na produção de mudas de videira com bom desempenho agronômico e fisiológico. As restrições ambientais, como o estresse hídrico, podem ocasionar na redução da produtividade, porém, a aplicação de ácido salicílico pode mitigar os efeitos deletérios do estresse hídrico e minimizar o volume de água aplicado, visto que é uma molécula sinalizadora para a ativação do crescimento e respostas de defesa da planta, mantendo o desenvolvimento satisfatório de mudas de videira. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as características agronômicas, fisiológicas e bioquímicas em mudas de videira cv. BRS Vitória sob restrição hídrica, com aplicações de ácido salicílico. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, utilizando delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial duplo (cinco doses de ácido salicílico: 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 mM e quatro condições hídricas: 60, 80, 100 (controle) e 120% da evapotranspiração da cultura), com oito repetições. Determinou-se o número de folhas total, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea, comprimento do ramo principal, diâmetro médio do ramo principal, número de nós no ramo principal, comprimento do entrenó no ramo principal, atividade das enzimas antioxidantes catalase (CAT) e peroxidase (POD) e peroxidação de lipídios. Os resultados mostraram que as lâminas de água e as doses de ácido salicílico beneficiaram o desenvolvimento das mudas de videira. Para o número de folhas, massa da matéria fresca e seca e número de nós, o ácido salicílico promoveu maior desempenho quando aplicada a lâmina 60%. Em suma, o ácido salicílico apresentou-se como atenuador dos efeitos das restrições hídricas nas mudas de videira.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara, Kepercayaan Diri dan Berpikir Kreatif dengan Metode Show and Tell pada Siswa Nursery
Authors: Sianturi Riris Irene Eunike , Citraningtyas Clara C Evi
Published: February 2024

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara, Kepercayaan Diri dan Berpikir Kreatif dengan Metode Show and Tell pada Siswa Nursery
Kemampuan berbicara merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang penting untuk dikembangnya secara optimal guna pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak sejak dini. Kemampuan ini berpengaruh pada kemampuan sosial dan komunikasi. Selain dari kemampuan berbicara, rasa percaya diri dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif juga mempengaruhi kemampuan sosial dan komunikasi anak, mereka dapat mengekspresikan opininya sendiri di depan orang lain dalam komunitas mereka. Salah satu cara yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara, kepercayaan diri dan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa adalah dengan menggunakan metode show and tell, metode ini mendorong dan menstimulasi kemampuan anak. Dengan metode show and tell, siswa berani mengekspresikan pendapatnya di depan orang banyak serta mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif anak jadi lebih ekspresif dan fleksibel dalam cara berpikirnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara, kepercayaan diri dan berpikir kreatif siswa Nursery dengan metode show and tell. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan sebanyak tiga siklus, dengan subjek anak Nursery di TK KK yang berjumlah 13 siswa. Penilaian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rubrik observasi, dari hasil penilaian maka didapatkan nilai kemampuan berbicara, kepercayaan dan berpikir kreatif mengalami peningkatan. Dari perbandingan antara nilai pre-test dan post-test, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode show and tell ini dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara, kepercayaan diri dan berpikir kreatif siswa.
Pengembangan E-Book Interaktif Fisika Kelas XII Berbasis Web dan Android dengan Pendekatan Multirepresentasi
Authors: Pardede Hebron , Pane Januaris , Gulo Gomer Ikhtiar , Sianipar Perdinaria
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangan bahan ajar elektronik interaktif fisika dengan materi ajar fluida statis yaitu mendeskripsikan secara kuantitatif hasil penilaian terhadap produk. Responden terdiri dari 2 orang ahli media, 2 orang ahli materi (guru fisika)  dan 12 orang siswa siswa. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh adalah interaktif e-book yang dikembangkan layak digunakan sebagai media ajar untuk pembelajaran fisika kelas XI pada materi Fluida statis.  Capaian nilai oleh ahli media 74,7% (kategori tinggi); ahli materi 82,1% (sangat tinggi); respon siswa 74,9% (tinggi). Untuk pengambilan keputusan komprehensif maka langkah pengembangan dilakukan ke tahap diseminasi dan implementasi.
Analisis Problematika Nilai Karakter Pelajar Pancasila dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Istiningsih Galih , Dharma Dwitya Sobat Ady
Published: February 2024

Pendidikan dasar lebih banyak menghasilkan kecerdasan intelektual saja, terlihat semakin berkurangnya empati dalam kehidupan sekolah, keluarga dan masyarakat. Hal tersebut diantisipasi pemerintah dengan menggerakkan karakter pelajar Pancasila yang meliputi religious, kebhinekaan global, gotong royong, mandiri, berpikir kritis dan kreatif.  Tujuan pendidikan karakter tersebut juga tertuang pada muatan lokal Bahasa Jawa.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa; (2) jenis nilai-nilai karakter pelajar Pancasila dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa; (3) faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaan pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa dalam pengembangan karakter pelajar Pancasila. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data, dipilih siswa kelas IV A dan IV B di SDN Blondo 3 dengan jumlah 65 siswa, 2 guru kelas dan kepala sekolah SDN Blondo. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan kuesioner. Selanjutnya pada hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan perencanaan yang dilakukan guru, proses dan evaluasi pembelajaran serta kuesioner oleh siswa yang dianalisis dengan tahap pengumpulan, penyajian data, analisis dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian memaparkan: (1) pembelajaran diawali dengan hafalan aksara Jawa dan nembang dolanan dan kegiatan inti dikaitkan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari; (2) nilai-nilai karakter pelajar Pancasila   diaplikasikan ada 4 yaitu religious, berkebhinekaan global, gotong royong dan berpikir kritis; (3) faktor penghambat pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa adalah kurangnya keterampilan siswa berbicara Jawa krama, kurang lancer membaca menulis aksara Jawa dan nembang macapat.
Pengaruh Product Based Learning terhadap Kreativitas Peserta Didik pada Materi Profil Technopreneur, Peluang Usaha dan Profesi Bidang DKV
Authors: Andrianto Rico Eko , Arianto Fajar , Setyaedhi Hari Sugiharto
Published: February 2024

Product based learning merupakan salah satu dari sekian banyak model pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan pada proses pembelajaran, khususnya dalam pembelajaran berbasis produksi. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh product based learning terhadap kreativitas peserta didik pada materi profil technopreneur, peluang usaha, dan profesi bidang DKV. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif jenis quasi experimental design. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan angket penilaian produk kreatif, analisis data menggunakan uji prasyarat yaitu uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji independent sample t test. Lokasi penelitian ini di SMKN 1 Kasiman dengan melibatkan 72 peserta didik, diantaranya 36 peserta sebagai kelompok eksperimen dengan menerapkan product based learning dan 36 peserta sebagai kelompok kontrol yang melaksanakan pembelajaran konvensional. Hasil penelitian didasari uji independent sample t test menunjukkan nilai posttest dari kedua kelompok dengan Sig. (2-tailed) 0,001 < 0,05. Maka dapat dipastikan terdapat perbedaan antara posttest kedua kelompok. Kesimpulan diperoleh adanya pengaruh product based learning yang signifikan terhadap kreativitas peserta didik pada materi profil technopreneur, peluang usaha dan profesi bidang DKV di SMKN 1 Kasiman pada kelompok eksperimen dibandingkan kelompok kontrol dengan meninjau hasil posttest kedua kelompok.
Implementation of Gender-Based Interactive E-Module Learning Media
Authors: Nilapantjuran Renolda Florra
Published: February 2024

This research aims to determine the validity and practicality of gender-based interactive e-modules, which are innovative media developed to increase students' interest in learning, as well as introducing learning media that is not gender biased so that it can be well received by male and female students, without distinguish between the two in the learning process, specifically in the availability of teaching materials or learning media in schools. This research method uses a development model that was developed using the Research and Development (R&D) method, namely research that creates, produces or develops a product in the form of planning through to evaluating the validity of the product that has been produced. This research uses the ADDIE model, where the ADDIE model consists of 5 stages which include analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation, but this research only reaches the development stage. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and distributing questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is analysis of the validity and practicality of interactive e-modules with a Likert scale measurement scale. The results of the development of this interactive e-module were validated by experts including media experts with results (98.75%), material experts (98.88%), language experts (95%), and gender experts (98.46%) with The average validation result (97.77%) is "very valid" and suitable for use. The results of the interactive e-module practicality trial obtained scores from educators (94.44%), one to one (88.71%) and small group (92.71%) with average results (91.95%) which were categorized as very practical to apply during the learning process.
Analisis Efektivitas Penggunaan Aplikasi Rencana Kebutuhan terhadap Perencanaan Kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia Kesehatan di RSUD Asy Syifa Sumbawa Barat
Authors: Purwanto Joko , Umar Umar , Gunawan Jasardi
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui implementasi penggunaan Aplikasi Renbut 4.0 terhadap perencanaan kebutuhan sumber daya manusia kesehatan di RSUD Asy Syifa Sumbawa Barat dan mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan aplikasi Renbut 4.0 terhadap perencanaan kebutuhan sumber daya manusia kesehatan dalam meningkatkan mutu pelayanan kesehatan di RSUD Asy Syifa Sumbawa Barat. Jenis Penelitian penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian Kuantitatif Deskriptif melalui pendekatan sistem yaitu input, proses dan outcome pelayanan kesehatan di rumah sakit yang dibagi  2 tahap yaitu tahap I kuantitatif dengan pengisian kuisioner dilanjutkan tahap II kualitatif yakni wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian terkait efektivitas perencanaan SDMK menggunakan aplikasi RENBUT 4.0  dari segi tujuan perencanaan didapati 50% renponden menilai efektif begitu pula terkait integrasi tenaga dalam bidang kesehatan dinilai efektif oleh 58,3% responden sedangkan untuk kompetensi beberapa responden atau 50% masih menilai kurang efektif terkait pemilihan kompetensi dalam perencanaan dimana perencanaan dilakukan usulan dari hulu ke hilir melalui analisis secara online  dimana terdapat kebutuhan tenaga yang kurang diantara lain tenaga perawat, tenaga kesehatan lingkungan, tenaga gizi, tenaga kefarmasian, teknisi bank darah dan tenaga administrasi yang sementara diisi tenaga lain yang mendaapt double job, integrasi perencanaan didapati tenaga kesehatan belum cukup terpenuhi sesuai dengan kompetensinya, keberhasilan perencanaan SDMK kesehatan yang ada di kompeten dan legal dengan segala keterbatasannya mampu memberikan pelayanan yang mutu pelayanan dengan memaksimalkan tenaga yang ada.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Melalui Penggunaan Model Quantum Learning di Kelas IV SDI Waiwagha Kecamatan Wejewa Selatan Kabupaten Sumbabarat Daya
Authors: Kaka Pelipus Wungo , Bili Kristoforus Dowa , Noge Maria Desidaria , Wau Maria Patrisia
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia dengan menerapkan model Quantum Learning pada siswa kelas IV SDI Waiwagha. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Desain yang digunakan adalah model PTK Kurt Lewin dengan dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus menggunnakan empat tahap penelitian yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SDI Waiwagha yang berjumlah 20 orang dengan rincian 8 laki laki dan 12 perempuan. Metode pengumpulan data adalah metode tes obyektif berbentuk pilihan ganda. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan persentase hasil belajar siswa. Pada siklus I memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 56,95 dengan persentasenya 56,95% berada pada kategori tidak baik dengan ketuntasan klasikalnya sebesar 35% sedangkan pada siklus II memperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 80,85 dengan persentasenya 80,85% berada pada kategori baik dan ketuntasan klasikalnya mencapai 90%. Dengan penggunaan model Quantum Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia kelas IV SDI Waiwagha dari siklus I ke siklus II sebesar 23,9%. Penerapan Quantum Learning ini, layak diterapkan karena quantum learning memberikan manfaat yaitu: 1) bersikap positif, 2) meningkatkan motivasi, 3) keterampilan seumur hidup, 4) kepercayaan diri dan 5) sukses atau hasil belajar yang meningkat. dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia pada siswa yang memiliki kelemahan. Dengan demikian, model Quantum Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Bahasa Indonesia.
Analisis Persepsi Wisatawan terhadap Fasilitas di Taman Wisata Alam Angke Kapuk
Authors: Bong Michelle , Djunaid Ika Suryono , Krisnadi Antonius Rizki
Published: February 2024

Taman Wisata Alam Angke Kapuk, yang awalnya merupakan kawasan konservasi alam mangrove, telah diubah menjadi destinasi pariwisata dan rekreasi alam. Dalam hal ini maka perlu diperhatikan dalam persepdi wisata yang utama fasilitas.  Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui persepsi wisatawan terhadap fasilitas yang ada di Taman Wisata Alam Angke Kapuk. Metode Penelitian yaitu metode kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan dilakukan pembagian kuisoner sehingga dengan rumus slovin sehingga sampel diperlukan sampel 100 dan analisis data dengan teknik regresi berganda Hasil penelitian Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Presepsi terhadap Fasilitas. Jika pengunjung memiliki persepsi positif terhadap fasilitas seperti kebersihan, keamanan, dan kenyamanan, mereka cenderung merasa puas dan memperoleh pengalaman yang positif.
Investigation of the presence of the virus in the urine and fecal samples of COVID-19 diagnosed and suspected patients by RT-PCR method: A different perspective on fecal-oral transmission theory
Authors: Bozlak Cigdem , Gul Bahar , Cosgun Yasemin , Yildiz Baris , Yilmaz Ahmet , Vatansever Zati , Ozden Ozkan , Sukun Abdullah , Tuna Aysegul , Caliskan Okan , Ozic Cem , Pasa Mehmet , Guler Mustafa
Published: February 2024

With the sudden COVID-19 outbreak in 2019 which has taken over the whole world, drastic changes have taken place on a global level from the understanding of hygiene to living conditions. Although the disease is often detected using respiratory tract samples with PCR tests, many publications state that the virus can also be traced in various body wastes. In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of the virus in 50 urine and 50 stool samples and to reveal the relationship between the patients' stool PCR results according to Computed tomography (CT), biochemical tests, and the positivity of respiratory PCR test with microbiological samples. The presence of SARS-CoV2 RNA in the urine and stool samples of the patients was detected by qRT-PCR methods. Shapiro-Wilk normality test was applied to the CT, respiratory tract PCR and biochemistry results of the patients. As shown by the results, while none of the 50 patients had positive urine samples, we detected COVID-19 viral shedding in the stool specimens of 15 patients. Respiratory PCR test was negative in 4 of the stool-positive patients. No significant correlation was found between CT results and the biochemistry results of 15 patients with positive stools. In our study, the rate of viral shedding in feces was found to be 30%, which we think may be a finding to demonstrate how the pandemic rapidly progresses in cities due to the viability of the virus outside the body.
Hidden enemy of pulmonary arteries: COVID-19
Authors: Duygu Ali , Kucuk Ugur
Published: February 2024

It has been reported that COVID-19 may cause severe endothelial damage. Pulmonary Artery Stiffness (PAS) is a strong predictor of right ventricular function. PAS can reveal important information about the endothelial functions of the pulmonary bed. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the possible effect of COVID-19 on PAS. The study was performed by measuring PAS values with transthoracic echocardiography in 130 patients, 60 of whom had COVID-19 and 70 were controls. COVID-19 patients with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results were included in the study 3-6 months after their positivity. When the Maximal frequency shift (MFS) (Hz) results were examined, no significant difference was observed between the patient and control groups (2764±279.24 and 2664.8±673.91 p=0.340, respectively). There was a significant difference between the patient and control groups in favor of the patient group in pulmonary acceleration time (PAT) (msec) results (93.18±14.99 and 126.1±17.58, respectively, p<0.001). There was a significant difference between the patient and control groups in favor of the patient group in PAS (Hz/msec) results (30.28±5.07 and 21.57±7.04, respectively, p<0.001). It is possible that COVID-19 may have adverse effects on the pulmonary artery wall and bed. As a result of endothelial damage due to COVID-19, an increase in PAS values can be observed.
Sortir de l’Anthropocène par le milieu
Authors: Gadiou Ulysse
Published: February 2024

La notion d’« Anthropocène » a ouvert en écologie tout un champ de réflexion articulant étroitement science et politique, en soulignant l’impact des activités humaines sur l’environnement. Cela étant, il ne s’agit pas d’une notion neutre, en ce qu’elle est au cœur d’un système discursif qui prête une importance centrale à l’Humanité dans l’histoire de la Terre. Le but de cet article est d’aborder la façon dont plusieurs chercheurs et chercheuses (en particulier Donna Haraway, Anna Tsing et Isabelle Stengers) ont récemment proposé d’autres formes de mise en récit de notre époque. Leurs propositions relèvent de ce qu’on peut appeler avec Stengers un « activisme » spéculatif, en ce qu’il s’agit, en pensant autrement notre situation sur Terre, de faire émerger au sein même de l’Anthropocène de nouvelles manières d’habiter notre monde – autrement dit, il s’agit de sortir de l’Anthropocène « par le milieu », pour reprendre une expression deleuzienne.
La pollution des sols comme catalyseur pour l’appropriation citoyenne d’une friche industrielle à Montreuil
Authors: Lallier Sylvain
Published: February 2024

Cet article explore les dynamiques d’une mobilisation collective autour d'une friche industrielle polluée située dans le département de la Seine-Saint-Denis en bordure du quartier des Murs à Pêches, à Montreuil. Il examine comment la toxicité des sols sert de catalyseur pour une appropriation citoyenne et une réhabilitation de la friche. L'article illustre en outre les tensions entre les acteurs associatifs et les autorités publiques, notamment en ce qui concerne la sécurité sanitaire et les méthodes de dépollution. Ce texte se conclut en suggérant que ces controverses peuvent être perçues comme des espaces hybrides où différentes formes de valeur économique, sociale et culturelle sont en jeu, et dont la pollution des sols est un élément actif qui façonne les formes de la mobilisation.
Optimization of flexible manufacturing systems using IoT
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, India, Kandavel V. , Preethi V. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, India, Soosairaj Johnpeter ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, India
Published: February 2024

A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is an automated material handling and integrated workstation that is computer-controlled and used for the automatic random processing of palletized parts. To assess the effectiveness of the FMS design before deployments, computer simulation is a cost-effective method. It is crucial to test this simulation software before usage since they have such a clear influence on the FMS decision-making process. A FMS is a complicated, integrated system that includes a central computer numerical control machining center and an automated material management system. The sole drawback of FMS is its greater initial cost and replacement cost if it does not function properly. Therefore, it is important to analyze FMS before installing it. The use of Industry 4.0 technologies has expanded the flexibility of the entire manufacturing system. The development of these technologies, which include the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, artificial intelligence (AI), additive manufacturing (AM), sophisticated robotics, virtual reality, cloud computing, simulation, and others, has increased the industrial system’s adaptability.
A review: Artificial intelligence and expert systems for cyber security
Authors:   Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India, Rushikesh Patil
Published: February 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems are essential and vital tools to counter potentially dangerous threats in cyber security. The protection of data requires skilled cyber security technicians for various types of roles. The essential role of an expert system is to monitor the threats and assist the technician to strengthen security. The system uses various datasets like a machine and deep learning as well as reinforced learning in order to make intelligent decisions. The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the major concerns for cyber security because it is potentially the second most likely vulnerable link in the cyber security environment because an attacker can easily gain access to the system by breaching any IoT device that is connected to the system. Still human is the strongest and potentially the weakest link in the cyber security environment. This review intends to present AI and expert systems for cyber security.
DEPREM SONRASI RİSKLERİ ANLAMAK: OLASI MARMARA DEPREMİNE YÖNELİK BİR ANALİZ
Authors: AKKAN Muhammet Mustafa , ARIK Müşerref
Published: February 2024

Depremler, Türkiye’yi farklı zamanlarda psikolojik, ekonomik, demografik, sosyal ve çevresel yönlerden önemli şekilde etkileyen bir olgu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Depremlerin ortaya çıkaracağı etkilerin büyüklüğü ise pek çok faktörün karşılıklı etkileşiminden meydana gelmektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, depremin yıkıcı etkisi üzerinde etkinlik gösteren unsurların belirlenmesi ve olası Marmara depreminin ortaya çıkarabileceği riskleri azaltmaya yönelik önerilerde bulunmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında 06 Şubat 2023 depremine dair Web of Science veri tabanında indekslenen 272 akademik çalışma incelenmiş ve deprem özelinde önemli görülen 10 kriter belirlenmiştir. İlgili kriterler Swara yöntemi kullanılarak ağırlıklandırılmış ve her bir kriter özelinde tespit ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Analysis of Taxation Implementation in Construction Company (Case Study of PT DMK)
Authors: Satria Adam Muhamad , Febriana Hanin , Pradipta Khairunissa Alika , Putri Nurhanan Rachmi , Darwawi Dela Rahmah , Irawan Ferry
Published: February 2024

Taxes are income that taxpayers must pay to the state. The object of this research is PT DMK, which is engaged in construction services. Income from construction services will be subject to a final tax rate. This research aims to find out the application of taxation at PT DMK and the cases it has experienced. This research uses a qualitative method with primary data from interviews with the company and other supporting data such as the company's financial statements. This company uses tax regulations such as VAT, Income Tax 21, Income Tax 23, and Corporate Income Tax and has understood these tax provisions. Based on the interview results, PT DMK has implemented tax regulations properly in its company and stated that there has never been a problem in implementing corporate tax reporting to the state, such as delays in payment. However, there has been a case related to VAT, and the tax consultant who handled the problem has resolved the problem with the applicable tax provisions.
Fragment of a Writing Slate with Graffi to Found During Excavations in Vladimir
Authors:   Vladimir State University, Abramov Dmitrii , Danilov Oleg ,   State Center for the Conservation, Use and Restoration of Cultural Objects and Cultural Heritage
Published: February 2024

Archaeologists often find children’s things in the cultural layer of the cities in Vladimir-Suzdal land. They are usually represented by toys or everyday items. School supplies are more rare archaeological artifacts. The fragment of a writing slate discovered in Vladimir belongs to this group of artifacts. It preserves a segment of a written exercise on its surface. The child who wrote it was learning the Church Slavonic grammar. It belongs to the category of texts that are not intended to be saved. A combination of circumstances fixed it in time. The inscription consists of only two lines. However, it provides an interesting information about both the spelling of the texts and the educational technologies used in home primary schooling for children of the middle urban estates of Vladimir in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
“The Photographer Clicks, and…” (from the history of the fountain in Sudak)
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kirilko Vladimir
Published: February 2024

Three photographs of different years have fixed the same sightseeing located in the vicinity of the Sudak Fortress — the fountain in the territory of the former German colony in the village Uyutnoe. They are an eloquent demonstration of the metamorphoses this structure has been exposed to during over 150 years of its existence, and what’ s more, how the children’s entertainment and home duties have strikingly transformed over this time. All three shots exhibit one permanent feature, i.e. a carved architectural detail of unknown origin, reutilized by the builders as a decorative element of masonry in the fountain. The spolia is a well preserved fragment of a 215 cm high door framing. Its frame exceeded the plane of the wall just by 2 cm. The item can be dated within the third quarter of the 14th century, although some wider chronological span is also possible, partly extending into the 15th century. It would be challenging to identify the donor building with any degree of certainty, yet it is quite likely that it was the Mosque of the Sudak Fortress.
It’s not a Children’s Science: Several Episodes of Children’s Participation in Research Digs in Tauric Chersonesos
Authors:   The State Historical-Archaeological Museum-Reserve “Tauric Chersonese”, Prokhorova Tatiana
Published: February 2024

The sociological, psychological, ethnographical, demographical, sexological and other research of childhood is focused on the systematic study of various phenomena in the child population. The archaeological methodology is based mostly on natural science types of knowledge, therefore it has become possible to make some observations in the field of archaeological childhood in the meaning of “children in archaeology”. The fund of photographic documents from the scientific archive collection of the State Museum-Reserve “Tauric Chersonesos” includes documents on which children are present — these are family members of famous archaeologists, as well as unknown persons, who, however, were not accidental participants in the excavation process. The work carried out made it possible to date the images and, in certain cases, to identify some persons, including children. Not only the photo archive, but also other documents (mainly correspondence of archaeologists) has been studied, which contain other examples of the involvement of children in the study of Chersonesos.
Dimitry Cantemir and Peter the Great. Evolution of Relationships
Authors:   “ION CREANGĂ” State Pedagogical University of Kishinev, Tsvirkun Victor
Published: February 2024

Despite the continuing interest in the scientific community in the biographies of the Moldavian ruler Dmitry Cantemir and the Russian Emperor Peter the Great, in the history of Moldovan-Russian relations in the first quarter of the 18th century, many related topics and problems are still little or completely unexplored, the history of the relationship between these two statesmen, among them. This article is an attempt to trace the evolution of these interpersonal ties during the years 1711—1723, the time from their first contacts to the death of the Moldavian prince. Along with extensive literature related to this topic, the author used numerous archival materials from the archives of the Russian Federation.
On History of Coinage in the Turkic-Mongol States of 13th—14th cc.: Mint Administrator and his Duties
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Abzalov Lenar , Gatin Marat ,   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Mustakimov Ilyas ,   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Pochekaev Roman ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Published: February 2024

The article introduces a yarlik on appointment of a mint administrator into the Russian-language scientific discussion, the y arlik being included into the Persian treaty “Dastur al-katib” written in 1360s by Muhammad b. Hindushah Nakhchivani, an official at the court of rulers of the Mongol Iran — Hulaguids and their successors Jalayirids. There is a comparative translation from the original Persian and from the German translation made by famous Austrian orientalist J. von Hammer-Purgstall in the first half of the 19th c. There is also a complex interdisciplinary analysis of the yarlik as an official document and a legal account. The authors clarify the status of the mint administrator, requirements for candidate for this position, rights and duties, legal base of his activity. There is also a comparative study of the status of the mint administrator according to yarlik and of similar officials in other Turkic-Mongol states known from other historical sources. The authors find that the text of the analyzed document could substantially improve our knowledge on organization and regulation of coinage in Genghisid states in 13th—14th cc.
“The Letter of Pistos” from Patrasys: Some New Information
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Dept. of Humanitarian Sciences, Shelov-Kovedyaev Fedor
Published: February 2024

The paper presents the republication of the lead letter, found on the site of Patrasys in 2012. The author proposes that it is the message from an unknown person to Xenyllos. The sender informs that Pyto was bought back from captivity, and that Pistos sends him the forage for pigs. Also, he asks Xenyllos to collect money from his debtors to cover the expenses for the ransom. The text offers a new word ἡ σίτη “feed for animals”, and a new personal name Σάπασις. Perhaps the beginning of the letter is a versification.
Textile and Felt Items from Scythian Graves of the 4th—2nd centuries BC Found on the Left Bank of the Lower Dniester
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Elkina Irina , Sinika Vitalij ,   Pridnestrovian State University named after T. G. Shevchenko
Published: February 2024

The article deals with textile finds from Scythian graves found on the left bank of the Lower Dniester. The study of textile and felt from this region was carried out for the first time. The study of woven fragments from five burials showed that they are the remains of linen linings of leather covers for bronze mirrors. It has been established that these covers could be decorated with embroidery or beads. Two other burials contained women’s headdresses. The remains of an almost complete, but extremely poor preserved headdress, sewn from linen and felt, made it possible to determine its shape and design. A fragment of a woven belt was preserved in another burial.
Buzdujeni 1 Grotto and the Issues of the Middle Palaeolithic between the Dniester and the Prut Rivers
Authors:   Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Anisyutkin Nikolai
Published: February 2024

This paper is a response to the monograph by L. B. Vishnyatsky and V. A. Burlacu “Buzdujeni 1. Multi-layer cave site of the Middle Paleolithic in the Prut River basin”. This paper criticizes a number of conclusions of the authors of the monograph, including the definition of the stone industry from this site. The earlier definition of industry as a denticulated Mousterian was based on the use of F. Bordes’ technique. The authors of the monograph, on the other hand, ignored Bordes’s method, using their own, devoid of exact definitions and rather based on intuitive estimates. According to them, all denticulated tools are regarded as pseudo-retouched stone artifacts. According to the authors of the monograph, this retouching occurred naturally in the layer. This point of view does not take into account the totality of facts, just ignores them. The counterarguments given in the paper point to the reality of the denticulated Mousterian. The monograph under consideration also proposes the idea of the simultaneous formation of all grottos in Moldavia with Middle Palaeolithic stone tools. This idea is based on an erroneous assumption about the simultaneous geomorphological formation of these grottos in the Riss-Würm interglacial. The authors of the monograph ignored the fact of the existence of a well-studied grotto with older deposits — Duruitoarea Veche.
The Rule of the Antonine Dynasty: the Ideal and the Reality. Some Notes on the Presentation of the “ideal Ruler”
Authors:   Private Hymnasium in Prerow, Jefremow Nikolai
Published: February 2024

In the article is treated the problem of representation of the sovereigns during the ruling time of the Antonines from Antoninus Pius to Commodus. In the period of the early principate a new ideal has established itself — an adopted from the Senate nobility “princeps bonus“. Panegyric works “directed” the activity of the upper classes in favor of the subjects as well as for the fixing of the imperial borders, whereupon they have essentially determined the actions of the emperor. The image of an ideal ruler began to form himself during the reign of Trajan — a princeps maximus par excellence and was finally constituted under Marcus Aurelius. The characteristic feature of the ancient tradition was the contrasting juxtaposition of a “good” and a “bad” ruler with the purpose of accentuation of propagated ideals. Common clichés and standards have been achieved at the expense of loss of Individuality of single persons. Just as the rulers at any other time possessed the Antonines for all common and individual character traits that have marked their reign. On the whole, however, was this period only the continuation of the existing tradition with the “retrospection” to the existing canons.
Confucian Childhood: Sources on Chinese Traditional Elementary Education
Authors:   Institute for the Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bonch-Osmolovskaya Olga ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Published: February 2024

The article engages various historical and literary materials to examine the basic principles and features of classical Confucian education at the elementary level. Childhood education is understood here as the education received by children up to the age of 15, that is, before the coming of age ceremony or the putting on the guan ritual, which was most often conducted at that age. What ideals and concepts shaped Confucian education? How was learning accomplished? How was the transfer of knowledge realized? In this paper I shall try to answer these questions by analyzing Confucian elementary education as a complex and original intellectual system.
Ritual Seclusion of Princes in Classic Maya Texts
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Davletshin Albert , Vepretskii Sergei ,   N. N. Miklukho-Maklai Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: February 2024

The paper is dedicated to a previously unrecognized Classic Maya ritual (3rd—10th centuries CE). Several examples have been located in hieroglyphic texts so far and two of them describe the ritual in some detail. Palenque texts tell us that the six-year-old prince and future king K’ihnich Kan B’ahlam II “went up to an enclosed place surrounded by wooden walls”. He remained there for 537 days, “descended” in the company of “two youths (boys)” and received the title ɂokteɂ of unclear etymology. La Corona texts tell us that the sons of the Kanuɂl king Yuknoɂm Ch’eeɂn II “were raised by the hands of seven youths (boys)”, and 520 days later “came out”. The elder son Yuknoɂm Yich’aak K’ahk’ was 24 years old when the ritual started; the age of his younger brother is unknown. The comparison of the texts under discussion indicates that young princes were in isolation from adults at least 520 days (two cycles of the 260 day calendar) and that there they obtained their rights to ascend the throne. The youths or boys who accompanied the princes were members of subordinate dynasties, who also received a new status upon completion of the ritual. The analyzed texts are the first epigraphic evidence about initiation rituals of the Ancient Maya.
Raising a Child in Western Africa (Avatime People, Ghana)
Authors:   International Center of Anthropology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Lapushkina Alina ,   Institute for African Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2024

The Avatime education system was seriously transformed under the influence of Christian missionaries and European civilization, therefore the author used unstructured interviewing, questioning and the anthropological method of participant observation to reconstruct the autochthonous, pre-colonial worldview and identify the basic principles of the Avatime children's socialization. The most important feature in the autochthonous Avatime culture was the community and the moral principles guarded by the elders: the deities who established these rules were far from people, and ancestral spirits served as mediators between their world and the human world. The elder became the governor — a representative of the people world who knows the traditions but already close to ancestral spirits. Education systems changed depending on the stage of child development. Nevertheless, the goal of education naturally and intuitively pursued from childbirth, remained unchanged and consisted in assimilation of the individual to other members of the community through the formation of their behavior in generally accepted model. Procreation is a public duty, so a child takes the place prepared for him in the lineage, clan, community and in the Universe as a whole.
Toys and Games as an Element of Children’s Socialization in Northern Part of Bukovina in 10th—14th Centuries
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Vozny Igor
Published: February 2024

The article considers one of the important elements of the child’s world and discovery process through the games and the toys. These toys and games play an important role during child’s life and are an important element and the way of education and upbringing. Nevertheless, the researchers have paid little attention to this category of artifacts, hardly referring to them in their publications. Clay zoomorphic and anthropomorphic toys took an important place in the culture of the ancient population. In the researched area, explorers have found a clay figurine of an animal and a clay horseman figurine which are the examples of the graphic toy type. Clay Easter eggs (pysanka) and bone whistles belong to the rattling toys. The children’s tableware and «coins» belonged to the category of household items. Various games also played an important role in the upbringing of children and their daily life. For researchers, they are of special interest, since they were not meant just to entertain children, but had a symbolic and magical meaning. Archaeological materials are of great importance due to the small number of extant written sources. The artifacts that were found in the explored area indicate the existence of the chess game. There is also evidence of using the astragalus and dice in the games. We have more opportunities to learn about the life and culture of the local inhabitants of the medieval period in the northern part of Bukovina by studying children’s toys and play accessories.
TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT AL-QUR’AN TENTANG FUNGSI MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN (Studi Tafsir Maudhu’i dalam QS. Al-Hasyr : 18, QS. Ali-Imran : 103, QS. Al-Kahfi : 2, dan QS. Al-Infhithar : 10-12)
Authors: Fahri Sahrul Ramadhan  , Ahmad Saeful Hidayat
Published: February 2024

The management function is one thing that cannot be separated from the management process itself. Apart from being basic and inherent, the management function also becomes a reference for a manager in achieving the desired goals. In the Islamic view, the function of education management reviewed in the Al-Qur'an has several discussions including: (1) Planning; which is the initial function of management activities in achieving goals effectively and efficiently, (2) Organizing; or a system of cooperation between a group of people to achieve a common goal, (3) Actuating; as a whole process of providing work encouragement, (4) Supervision (Controlling); as a management function to ensure that activities in the organization are as planned. This article aims to reveal the meaning in the interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an relating to the management function in QS. Al-Hasyr: 18, QS. Ali-Imran: 103, QS. Al-Kahf: 2, and QS. Al-Infithar: 10-12 and the relevance of theories and their interpretations. This research is library research and is included in the descriptive qualitative research approach. The interpretation method used is the thematic interpretation method or more popularly known as Tafsir Maudhu'i.
In the Traps of the Soviets
Authors: Kulevičius Salvijus
Published: February 2024

The myth of the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945) lost its power and significance in Lithuania shortly after the restoration of the country’s independence in 1990. The concept of the Great Patriotic War was hastily abandoned, with part of the Soviet monuments meant to promote this myth being dismantled and Victory Day (May 9) no longer being celebrated. However, the Soviet military cemeteries remained. Being behind the horizons of the great Lithuanian narratives, they did not attract much attention until the 21st century, when the neighbouring state began taking an interest in them and using them for their benefit. They started getting suspicious looks from Lithuanians after the beginning of the Russian invasions of Ukraine in 2014 and 2022. Then, the cemeteries began to be seen as relics of the Soviet occupation regime and exposed as instruments of Russia’s current soft power. So they are not the past. These are places that have not lost their ideological charge and potential, spreading stories that are inconsistent with national Lithuanian narratives, masking the occupation, and suggesting that we remember the liberation.

The publication looks back at the origins of the Soviet Great Patriotic War military cemeteries and the main moments of their formation, first and foremost perceiving them from the perspectives of politics of memory and using appropriate research instruments. These sites have little in common with the original burial sites and were essentially created as propaganda tools in keeping with best practices in memorial design. In addition to being burial sites, they were constructed to spread the myth of the Great Patriotic War and other great Soviet narratives. The work examines what makes these places so special and convenient, and what meanings and narratives they were created to convey.
Postmodernism in Slovak Prose
Authors: Žilka Tibor
Published: February 2024

In the genre of realistic novels, fiction is confined within the boundaries of the real world, yet the author or narrator presents it as reality, as if nothing were fabricated and the entire plot were simply transposed from reality into text. Contemporary authors disclose the processes of their creation, differentiating between what is fabrication, what is fiction, and what is directly incorporated from reality into the text. In postmodern prose, the methods of realism and modernism are interwoven, both integral to the artistic text. In Slovak literature, this phenomenon appears most notably in the works of Pavel Vilikovský and is even more pronounced in the works of Czech-French author Milan Kundera. Often, authors insert themselves into the narrative, particularly in the roles of commentator or by including mini-stories from their own lives into the plot. This is executed through various forms of metafiction. Metafictional techniques, while a hallmark of the postmodern text, are not new; similar elements have appeared in literature in previous centuries but never as extensively as they do now. By the end of the 1990s and into the first decade of the 21st century, Slovak literature witnessed the rise of authors with distinct postmodern prose features, such as Peter Pišťanek, Pavel Vilikovský, Lajos Grendel, Anton Baláž, Viliam Klimáiek, Daniela Kapitáňová, Michal Hvorecký, Pavol Rankov, and others. Metafiction is undoubtedly a defining characteristic of the postmodern text, primarily due to the increased prevalence of these elements compared to the past.
Undesirable Borderlands. Nationality Policy of the Authorities of the Second Republic in the 1930s in Ethnically Transitional Areas
Authors: Cichoracki Piotr
Published: February 2024

Ethnic borderlands were an important part of the national landscape of the Second Republic of Poland. They existed in the areas of contact between the Polish national population and the most important national minority groups inhabiting distinct territories: Ukrainians, Belarusians and Germans. Especially in the 1930s, they aroused growing interest in the state administration. The purpose of this article is to outline different policies of the Sanation camp toward “ethnically transitional areas”. These policies varied, but their final goal was always unification through the Polonization of the communities inhabiting such borderlands.