bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of fine-needle aspiration cytology & ultrasound in the management of solitary thyroid nodule
Authors: Dantanarayana D. U. , Sheriff M. , Gallage G. R. , Jayawardana S. N. U. , Wickramanayake E. M. C. D. , Wijeyananda W. M.
Published: March 2020

Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) & ultrasound scanning (US) in the diagnosis and management of solitary thyroid nodules. Materials & Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 63 patients who were euthyroid and had a clinically palpable solitary thyroid nodule, who underwent either total or hemi-thyroidectomy, during a period of two years (January 2018 to December 2019) in the ENT unit of a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. All patients with FNAC of Bethesda ≥5 underwent total thyroidectomy. Diagnostic hemi-thyroidectomy was performed only in patients with a FNAC of Bethesda ≤4, irrespective of US suspicious features. Results Mean age was 46.9 years (±13.2). 53(84.1%) patients were females and 10 (15.9%) of them were male. 28(44.4%) patients had histologically proven malignancy while the other 35(55.6%) had benign histology. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values for FNAC and ultrasound were calculated. Out of 34 patients who underwent diagnostic hemi-thyroidectomy, 12(35%) had to undergo completion surgery due to malignant histology. 58% who underwent completion surgery had suspicious features of malignancy in their pre-op US. Conclusion Both ultrasonography and FNAC are cost-effective, minimally invasive investigations in the diagnosis of malignancy in patients with solitary thyroid nodules. However, there is a notable false negative rate in FNAC; hence it is best to incorporate US findings with FNAC in the decision making process in management of solitary thyroid nodules.
An Essential Role for Perforin-2 in Type I IFN Signaling
Authors: McCormack Ryan , Hunte Richard , Podack Eckhard R. , Plano Gregory V. , Shembade Noula
Published: March 2020

Type I IFNs play a complex role in determining the fate of microbial pathogens and may also be deleterious to the host during bacterial and viral infections. Upon ligand binding, a receptor proximal complex consisting of IFN-α and -β receptors 1 and 2 (IFNAR1, IFNAR2, respectively), tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2), Jak1, and STAT2 are assembled and promote the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. However, how the IFNARs proximal complex is assembled upon binding to IFN is poorly understood. In this study, we show that the membrane-associated pore-forming protein Perforin-2 (P2) is critical for LPS-induced endotoxic shock in wild-type mice. Type I IFN–mediated JAK–STAT signaling is severely impaired, and activation of MAPKs and PI3K signaling pathways are delayed in P2-deficient mouse bone marrow–derived macrophages, mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), and human HeLa cells upon IFN stimulation. The P2 N-glycosylated extracellular membrane attack complex/perforin domain and the P2 domain independently associate with the extracellular regions of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, respectively, in resting MEFs. In addition, the P2 cytoplasmic tail domain mediated the constitutive interaction between STAT2 and IFNAR2 in resting MEFs, an interaction that is dependent on the association of the extracellular regions of P2 and IFNAR2. Finally, the constitutive association of P2 with both receptors and STAT2 is critical for the receptor proximal complex assembly and reciprocal transphosphorylation of Jak1 and Tyk2 as well as the phosphorylation and activation of STAT1 and STAT2 upon IFN-β stimulation.
Effects of sulfonamide antibiotics on digestion performance and microbial community during swine manure anaerobic digestion
Authors: Wang Shaona , Du Kang , Yuan Rongfang , Chen Huilun , Wang Fei , Zhou Beihai
Published: March 2020

The effects of four types of sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs), including sulfaquinoxaline, sulfamethoxazole, sulfamethoxydiazine and sulfathiazole, on the digestion performance during anaerobic digestion process were studied using a lab-scale anaerobic sequencing batch reactor, and the changes of the community structure in the presence of SAs were investigated with the help of high throughput sequencing. The results indicated that when SAs were added, the hydrolytic acidification process was inhibited, and the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was induced, resulting in the suppression of methane production. However, the inhibition mechanism of different SAs was quite different. The inhibitory effect of high concentration of SAs on the hydrolysis of solid particulate matter into dissolved organic matter followed the order of sulfaquinoxaline > sulfamethoxydiazine > sulfathiazole > sulfamethoxazole. SAs have obvious inhibitory effects on acidification and methanation of dissolved organic matter, especially sulfathiazole. The richness and the community composition of the microorganism including bacteria and archaea in the digestion system were affected by SAs. Under the effect of SAs, the relative abundance of many microorganisms is negatively correlated with methane production, among which Methanobrevibacter, a kind of Archaea, had the greatest influence on methane production.
Atemporalidad del hormigón. Reforma interior de vivienda en rúa Perpetuo Socorro nº 5, A Coruña.
Authors: BARGE FERREIROS SANTIAGO , BOUZA CORA Mª BELÉN
Published: March 2020

Ubicada en la tercera planta de un edificio de viviendas de los años 60, el diseño y la reforma interior de la vivienda se conciben como una oportunidad para permitir cohabitar dos estadios temporales distintos a través de la utilización de un único material, el hormigón. El contraste surgido  entre vigas preexistentes de hormigón encofrado con tabla de madera y el plano de suelo de hormigón blanco continuo genera un interesante diálogo, matizado por el uso de un soporte curvo de madera de arce que alberga las zonas de servicio a la vez que traslada la luz desde las fachadas a las zonas centrales interiores.
La fábrica del Poblenou
Authors: Peñín Llobell Alberto
Published: March 2020

La construcción de 12 viviendas de promoción privada en el barrio del Poble Nou se convierte paradójicamente en una ocasión para recuperar algunos aspectos de su tejido tradicional. La escala del barrio reaparece a través de la expresión de la casa individual teñida de espacios intermedios en planta baja, en patios de distinta configuración o en la esquina, lugar de encuentro de geometrías y flujos urbanos de distinta condición. La abstracción de la fachada remite a la condición más colectiva de la arquitectura, subrayada por el empleo de un revestimiento continuo a base de cemento que le otorga una mayor protección a los agentes exteriores. La sensibilidad con el barrio queda literalmente reflejada en las paredes de las plantas bajas que muestran la Historia del Poble Nou a través de un repaso escrito de sus protagonistas y toponimias más relevantes.
El edificio Oca – Concepción estructural y arquitectura – Proyecto de Oscar Niemeyer y José Carlos de Figueiredo Ferraz
Authors: Perrone Rafael , Schimidt Rafael , Pisani Maria Augusta Justi
Published: March 2020

Este artigo estabelece relações entre seu projeto arquitetônico e o projeto de estrutura do edifício Oca, localizado não no Parque Ibirapuera, em São Paulo, e também as principais obras do arquiteto Oscar Niemeyer. Niemeyer e sua equipe não fez uma proposta na década de 1950, como o cálculo estrutural de José Carlos de Figueiredo Ferraz, para que na construção da primeira cúpula - essaselas não construísse um conjunto de obras do arquiteto - seja convertido em referência para cabelos Usado em obras. . Esta pesquisa resultou em algumas das plantas planejadas que nos permitirão entender a relação entre arquitetura e estrutura. Considerando que os projetos apresentados são inéditos em uma historiografia ou assunto, ou método utilizado em etapas paralelas e híbridas, incluindo pesquisa iconográfica e documental, verificação e análise, documentos e redesenhos que expressam a disseminação do objeto de estudo Dessa maneira, para contribuir com o conhecimento técnico ou científico, estabelecemos bases sólidas com base no fato de vivermos nos espaços em que habitamos, construindo edifícios e sociedades através das quais a vida humana é formada. Os resultados obtidos revelam um maior número de técnicas de construção e relações entre um projeto arquitetônico e sua materialidade, incluindo os avanços que a arquitetura moderna brasileira registra com seis perfis reconstituídos.
Fisac, construcción por analogías. Hormigón armado y bóvedas tabicadas
Authors: AGUADO BENITO JOSÉ ANTONIO
Published: March 2020

El presente estudio trata de rastrear el origen de la relación entre las bóvedas tabicadas de fábrica y los elementos de membrana de hormigón armado de poco espesor; la traslación por analogía de una forma de construcción tradicional a una nueva técnica, ambas ligadas a la formación de superficies con geometrías curvas; sus interacciones y diferencias. El marco es la España de posguerra, temporalmente abarca las décadas de los 40 y 50 del siglo XX, es decir, los años de la autarquía y el principio de la apertura. Se acota el estudio a unos pocos personajes: Luis Moya, Rafael Aburto, Francisco Cabrero, Eduardo Torroja y, sobre todo, Miguel Fisac. Sobre el trabajo de este último se planteará una hipótesis de solución constructiva para la realización de elementos prefabricados de hormigón armado a partir de encofrados recuperables de bóvedas tabicadas
Casa Jacaranda
Authors: García-Sánchez José-Francisco
Published: March 2020

El artículo expone el proceso creativo, proyectual y matérico del proyecto y construcción de la Casa Jacaranda (2016-2018), una vivienda unifamiliar exenta situada en el Parque Natural de Cabo de Gata-Níjar, en Almería. Se trata de una casa construida de hormigón visto encofrado mediante el sistema tradicional de tablas de madera, además de ladrillo rústico de tejar que se usa en alguno de sus paños exteriores. La obra pretende presentarse como si se tratara de una estructura habitada, como una infraestructura dispuesta sobre el paisaje desértico. Mediante los planos, fotografías finales, fotografías del proceso constructivo, dibujos y esquemas se desarrollará un artículo donde la descripción de la obra se engarzará con una reflexión teórica e histórica sobre el uso del hormigón visto en la arquitectura doméstica.
Casa Codoñer
Authors: Grau Fernandez Jose
Published: March 2020

La casa Codoñer es, un proyecto de Casa Familiar, resultado del estrecho diálogo y trabajo conjunto con el cliente, una familia de cuatro miembros. La idea es sencilla, “encerrar” un patio con un muro perimetral de piedra sobre el que descansan, apoyadas, dos piezas abstractas de rigurosa geometría construidas en hormigón. Es este patio, el elemento principal de la casa, un espacio habitado más, una estancia sin techo y el encargado de realizar la disposición formal y funcional del resto de los espacios de la vivienda. Y es, en virtud de la luz natural, expresión formal del tiempo, como estos espacios cobran vida y adquieren significado. Es el resorte que los cualifica hasta hacerlos habitable.
El desarrollo irresuelto del hormigon visto en el oriente boliviano
Authors: Ruiz Garvia Mauricio Ricardo
Published: March 2020

La llegada del Movimiento Moderno a Latinoamérica no fue de carácter lineal, sino más bien fluctuante. En una suerte de libre albedrío, el subcontinente en su diversa amplitud, sobrellevó los retos y complejidades de cada enclave con  métodos particulares, ajustados a sus propias posibilidades técnicas, materiales, creativas y ambientales. Esta aseveración se hace extensiva en todos los contextos, sobre todo en aquellos donde  dicho movimiento se instauró de manera caótica. Durante este estudio de carácter histórico y crítico se analizará cuáles fueron los factores que detonaron la democratización del Movimiento Moderno en Latinoamérica y cuál fue el grado de incorporación del hormigón visto en la ciudad de Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Durante este recorrido se contextualizan los factores que delimitaron el escenario actual, que se presenta notablemente marcado por un desarrollo irresuelto del hormigón visto en el oriente boliviano.
Casa en el acantilado. Materialidad y horizonte: entre lo liso y lo estriado.
Authors: Fernández González Mario
Published: March 2020

La ideación de este proyecto aspirar a restablecer esa conexión primigenia y sensible en íntima relación con el paisaje.Así Sverre Fehn y Jorn Utzon utilizan mecanismos conceptuales como las plataformas y el horizonte con los que proyectar y trabajar para entablar una relación que ligue idea-concepto, lenguaje y proyecto en relación al paisaje, poniendo en evidencia el respeto y el diálogo que traba con ella, dotando al lugar de cualidades y sensaciones vinculadas con el dominio visual sobre el paisaje inmediato y territorial.En cierta manera el proyecto que presento persigue esa idea, dirige la mirada hacia el horizonte, albergando y haciendo partícipes a los usuarios del paisaje al que se vincula, proyectando una mirada sobre el horizonte marino, que establece yuxtaposiciones y a la vez tensión entre lo próximo y lo lejano, entre lo físico y lo etéreo, entre lo perceptivo y lo háptico, entre lo consciente y lo inconsciente, entre lo aprendido y lo experimentado, buscando ese contacto pero a la vez esa “confrontación” -que diría S. Fehn- con la propia naturaleza para la configuración y caracterización del lugar.
Olas de hormigón. Gunitado de superficies curvas e inclinadas como acabado final deslizante.
Authors: Pedrós Fernández Óscar , Segura Roldán Javier
Published: March 2020

La construcción del espacio público para los recientes deportes alternativos que aparecen en la ciudad, además de la necesaria integración en la trama urbana que no desplace a quienes los practican a lugares en el extrarradio o marginales, lleva aparejados los retos de durabilidad y complejidad de ejecución de las superficies que se emplean en la práctica de estos deportes. Uno de ellos, el skateboarding, se dirime entre la colocación de módulos prefabricados sobre soleras horizotales o la ejecución de todas sus superficies (captadores de energía, trucos y superficie de deslizamiento) en hormigón “in situ”. El artículo que se presenta a continuación narra la experiencia de diseño y ejecución de estas geometrías complejas en continuidad con la apuesta por este material como respuesta durable en términos de juntas, asientos y abrasión frente a las opciones más económicas de los módulos prefabricados. A continuación se narra el desarrollo y los puntos más cruciales en el proceso del gunitado de superficies inclinadas y curvas en la ejecución de un skate-plaza. Una experiencia sobre la cual apenas existen detalles de ejecución y, sobre todo, indicaciones de dosificación y puesta en obra de la gunita como acabado final deslizante.
Quantifying the sensitivity of aerosol optical properties to the
parameterizations of physico-chemical processes during the 2010
Russian wildfires and heatwave
Authors: Palacios-Peña Laura , Stier Philip , Lorente-Plazas Raquel , Jiménez-Guerrero Pedro
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The impact of aerosol-radiation and aerosol-clouds interactions on the radiative forcing is subject to large uncertainties. This is caused by the limited understanding of aerosol optical properties and the role of aerosols as cloud condensation/ice nuclei (CCN/IN). On the other hand, aerosol optical properties and vertical distribution are highly related and their uncertainties come from different processes. This work attempts to quantify the sensitivity of aerosol optical properties (i.e. aerosol optical depth; AOD) and their vertical distribution (using the extinction coefficient, backscatter coefficient, and concentrations species profiles) to key processes. In order to achieve this objective sensitivity tests have been carried out, using the WRF-Chem regional fully coupled model by modifying the dry deposition, sub-grid convective transport, relative humidity and wet scavenging. The 2010 Russian heatwave/wildfire episode has been selected as case study. Results indicate that AOD is sensitive to these key processes in the following order of importance: 1) modification of relative humidity, causing AOD differences up to 0.6; 2) modification of vertical convection transport with AOD differences around  0.4; and 3) the dry deposition with AOD differences up to −0.35 and 0.3. Moreover, these AOD changes exhibit a non-linear response. Both, an increase and a decrease in the RH result in higher AOD values. On the other hand, both, the increase and offset of the sub-grid convective transport lead to a reduction in the AOD over the fire area. In addition, a similar non-linear response is found when reducing the dry deposition velocity; in particular, for the accumulation mode where the concentration of several species increases (while a decrease might be expected). These non-linear responses are highly dependent on the equilibrium of the thermodynamics system sulphate-nitrate-SOA (secondary organic aerosol). In this sense, small changes in the concentration of one species can strongly affect others, finally affecting aerosol optical properties. Changes in this equilibrium could come from modifications in relative humidity, dry deposition or vertical convective transport. By itself, dry deposition also presents a high uncertainty influencing the AOD representation.
Intercomparison between the aerosol optical properties retrieved by different inversion methods from SKYNET sky radiometer observations over Qionghai and Yucheng in China
Authors: Jiang Zhe , Duan Minzheng , Che Huizheng , Zhang Wenxing , Nakajima Teruyuki , Hashimoto Makiko , Chen Bin , Yamazaki Akihiro
Published: March 2020

Abstract. This study analyzed the aerosol optical properties
derived by SKYRAD.pack versions 5.0 and 4.2 (referred to as V5.0 and V4.2)
using the radiometer measurements over Qionghai and Yucheng in China, two
new sites of the sky radiometer network (SKYNET). As V5.0 uses an a priori
size distribution function (SDF) of a bimodal log-normal function, the
volume size distribution retrieved by V5.0 presented bimodal patterns with a
0.1–0.2 µm fine particle mode and a 3.0–6.0 µm coarse particle
mode both over Qionghai and Yucheng. The differences in the volume size
distributions between the two versions were very large for the coarse mode
with a radius of over 5 µm. The single scattering albedos (SSAs)
by V5.0 correlated with SSAs by V4.2 with R=0.88, 0.87, 0.90, 0.88, and
0.92 at wavelengths of 400, 500, 670, 870, and 1020 nm over Qionghai,
respectively. The correlation coefficients were around 0.95, 0.95, 0.96,
0.94, and 0.91 at the five channels in Yucheng. An error of ±5 %
for the solid view angle (SVA) introduced about ±2 % differences in
retrieved SSA values both by V4.2 and V5.0. An error of ±50 % for
ground surface albedo (Ag) caused about 1 % averaged differences in
retrieved SSA values by the two versions. With the atmospheric pressure
(PRS) increased by 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, and 4 %, the averaged changes in
SSAs did not exceed 0.8 % both by V4.2 and V5.0. The SSA differences at
500 nm between the two versions decreased, while aerosol optical depths (AODs) increased over both
sites. The seasonal variability of the aerosol properties over Qionghai and
Yucheng was investigated based on SKYRAD.pack V5.0. The seasonal averaged
AOD over Qionghai had higher values in spring, winter, and autumn and lower
values in summer. The AOD averages were commonly higher in summer and spring
than in winter and autumn in Yucheng. The lowest seasonal averaged SSAs were
both observed in winter at the two sites. The fraction of the fine aerosol
particles was much smaller in summer than in other seasons over Qionghai;
the volume fraction of the coarse-mode particle in Yucheng had much larger
values compared to the fine-mode particle in all seasons. The validation
results provide valuable references for continued improvement of the
retrieval algorithms of SKYNET and other aerosol observational networks.
Evaluation of air quality forecasting system FORAIR_IT over Europe and Italy at high resolution for year 2017
Authors: Adani Mario , Guarnieri Guido , Vitali Lina , Ciancarella Luisella , D'Elia Ilaria , Mircea Mihaela , Gualtieri Maurizio , Cappelletti Andrea , D'Isidoro Massimo , Briganti Gino , Piersanti Antonio , Stracquadanio Milena , Righini Gaia , Russo Felicita , Cremona Giuseppe , Villani Maria Gabriella , Zanini Gabriele
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Air pollution represents a global threat leading to large impacts on health and ecosystems and many European areas still show a poor air quality. Many measures and policies have been adopted in the past decades at European, national, regional and even local level and many tools have been developed to tackle this issue. Among these tools, the European Air Quality Directive places more emphasis on the use of models for air quality assessment and management. Within this context, air quality forecasting systems play an important role in supporting decision makers when short-term actions are required to reduce human health risks by limiting population exposure. In this framework, at European level within the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS), the regional air quality models participating to the service provide 4-day daily forecasts of the main atmospheric pollutants concentrations, in the lowest layers of the atmosphere. This work presents the development and the performances evaluation of FORAIR_IT, an high-resolution air quality forecasting system operating at both European (20 km) and Italian (4 km) scales. Its skill results are compared with CAMS_50 interim ensemble reanalysis (IRA) ones and a long lasting PM10 exceeding event, occurred in Emilia Romagna region in October 2017, is studied in more detail. Results show similar skill scores between FORAIT_IT and CAMS_50. Comparing the annual average of the monthly Root Mean Square Error Difference (RMSED) between FORAIT_IT first forecast day and CAMS_50, over the European domain the RMSED is 0.6, 1.7, 1.4 and 7.4 μg/m3 for daily mean PM10 and PM2.5 and daily maximum for NO2 and O3, respectively, while over the Italian domain it is  1.2, 0.3,  4.3 and 3.8 μg/m3. The importance of increasing model resolution in the region of interest is highlighted by the lower values of RMSED over Italy with respect to Europe. The results obtained by the detailed analysis of the PM10 exceeding event suggests the crucial role of the meteorological forcing in capturing both the timing and the intensity of the exceedances. As far as we know FORAIR_IT is the first forecasting system at high spatial resolution at Italian National level.
Changes in the simulation of instability indices over the Iberian Peninsula due to the use of 3DVAR data assimilation
Authors: González-Rojí Santos J. , Carreno-Madinabeitia Sheila , Sáenz Jon , Ibarra-Berastegi Gabriel
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The ability of two downscaling experiments to correctly simulate the instability conditions that can trigger thunderstorms over the Iberian Peninsula is compared in this paper. To do so, three instability indices are evaluated: TT index, CAPE and CIN. The WRF model is used for the simulations. The N experiment is driven by ERA-Interim’s initial and boundary conditions; The D experiment has the same configuration as N, but the 3DVAR data assimilation step is additionally run at 00, 06, 12 and 18 UTC. Eight radiosondes are available over the IP, and the values for these indices calculated from the University of Wyoming were chosen as reference in the validation of both simulations. Additionally, measured variables at different pressure levels from the radiosondes provided byWyoming were used to calculate the three instability indices by our own methodology using the R package aiRthermo. According to the validation, the correlation, SD and RMSE obtained by the experiment D for all the indices in most of the stations are better than those for N. The different methodologies produce small discrepancies between the values for TT, but these are larger for CAPE and CIN due to the dependency of these indices on the initial conditions assumed for the calculation of an air parcel’s vertical evolution. Similar results arise from the seasonal analysis concerning both WRF experiments: N tends to overestimate or underestimate (depending on the index) the variability of the reference values, but D is able to capture it in most of the seasons. The heterogeneity of the indices is highlighted in the mean maps over the Iberian Peninsula. According to those from D, the ingredients for the development of convective precipitation during winter are found along the entire Atlantic coast, but in summer they are located particularly in the Mediterranean coast. The chances of developing thunderstorms in those areas at 12 UTC is much higher than at 00 UTC; The convective inhibition is more extended towards inland at 00 UTC in those areas, which prevents storms from developing. However, high values are observed near Murcia also at 12 UTC.
Field testing of a local wind inflow estimator and wake detector
Authors: Schreiber Johannes , Bottasso Carlo L. , Bertelè Marta
Published: March 2020

Abstract. This paper presents the field validation of a method to estimate the local wind speed on different sectors of a turbine rotor disk. Each rotating blade is used as a scanning sensor that, travelling across the rotor disk, samples the inflow. From the local speed estimates, the method can reconstruct the vertical wind shear and detect the presence and location on an impinging wake shed by an upstream wind turbine. Shear and wake awareness have multiple uses, from turbine and farm control to monitoring and forecasting. This validation study is conducted with an experimental data set obtained with two multi-MW wind turbines and a hub-tall met-mast. Practical and simple procedures are presented and demonstrated to correct for the possible miscalibration of sensors. Results indicate a very good correlation between the estimated vertical shear and the one measured by the met-mast. Additionally, the proposed method exhibits a remarkable ability to locate and track the motion of an impinging wake on an affected rotor.
Venom: A Desiring Machine
Authors: Yücel Volkan
Published: March 2020

This paper focuses on the protagonist in Venom (2018). The debate is based on the double character of Eddie-Venom and traces the Deleuzean desire of this folded identity. How Eddie’s dark desires are suppressed and united by Venom, a symbiote? Schizoanalysis, a counter-method of psychoanalysis, assumes a dual identity for dealing with the rational space surrounding us. Psychoanalysis however, establishes a family-based representational system. For Deleuze and Guattari, free associations during schizophrenic life are to be preferred instead of the representational approach in psychoanalysis. schizo-esthetics, a network of desiring machines, is the liberty of the subject to remain in the world non-hierarchically and the abandonment of the order of symbols.
Advancing Academic Pathways for Building Capacity in the Youth Development Profession
Authors: Quinn William H. , Garst Barry A. , Bowers Edmond P. , Weston Kayla L.
Published: March 2020

The growing literature on the theory and practice of youth development provides a framework for youth-serving practitioners to design, implement, and grow youth programs in their communities. Yet such a framework is not widely known in many youth-serving organizations where professional development is variable. The youth development field would benefit from academically trained professionals who could apply the youth development literature to serve youth more effectively in organizations or communities. This article describes a graduate level academic degree program in youth development to: (a) increase awareness of the importance of youth programs and (b) bring attention to the fundamental learning structures that can be deployed to build human capacity in the youth development field. The history, theoretical frameworks, and structure of the program are briefly described. Details are provided on 4 effective features of this academic degree program rated by students and graduates as being valuable components of the program. Applications to youth development practice are explored.
Betting on the Workforce: An Interview With the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation
Authors: Moroney Deborah A. , Young Jill
Published: March 2020

In this article, Deborah Moroney and Jill Young from the American Institutes for Research interview Rebecca Goldberg and Alex Hooker, senior program officers from the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation. Rebecca and Alex describe their experience as members of the youth development workforce and how that experience inspired them to support the youth development workforce on the grantmaking side, focusing on adult practice and youth character development. As the S. D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation sunsets in 2020, Rebecca and Alex also share their hopes for the youth development workforce going forward.
Youth Work Matters: Online Professional Development for Youth Workers
Authors: Robideau Kari , Santl Karyn
Published: March 2020

As the field of youth development becomes more recognized as a profession, it is imperative that youth workers are trained in foundational youth development research and practice. However, accessibility and cost can limit participation in face-to-face workshops and conferences. Online, cohort-based courses are a viable method to offer professional development for youth workers. This program article provides an overview of the online course, Youth Work Matters, which has provided training to youth workers for over 10 years. The authors demonstrate that professional development for youth workers in an online setting will increase access to learning opportunities. This article also describes key components for an online, non-credit course for participants to gain knowledge, apply new concepts and participate in learning communities.
Foundations for the Future: Building an Integrated, Cohesive Field of Youth Development
Authors: Borden Lynne M. , Ballard Jaime , Michl-Petzing Louisa , Conn Michael , Mull Casey D. , Wilkens Michele
Published: March 2020

The field of youth development continues to evolve and grow, as many professionals (e.g., social workers, health care workers, public health workers, etc.) have begun to recognize the role youth development plays in their daily work. However, the challenge now is to properly identify the youth development-related work of these professionals, in order to appropriately support and resource the workforce to ensure their success with youth. The current article concludes this special issue on the Youth Development Workforce, with insights from key leaders in the field of youth development on the strengths and challenges that the field will face as it transforms. This article, in combination with the prior articles in this special issue, reflects the current efforts of the youth development workforce that acts as a foundation for the future of the field.
Las aportaciones de los exiliados españoles a México y una nota sobre Buñuel
Authors: Godínez Páez Jonathan
Published: March 2020

RESUMEN El presente artículo brinda una mirada panorámica del exilio español a México tras el estallido de la Guerra Civil española en 1936. Se inicia con un recuento histórico de las vidas de los exiliados españoles, desde la llegada de los niños de Morelia y la creación de La Casa de España hasta su eventual adaptación al país que los recibió. Se discuten brevemente las dificultades a las que se enfrentaron los exiliados tras su llegada, para después puntualizar la manera en la que su integración repercutiría en la vida cultural, académica y científica del México de la época. Además de lo anterior se dedica un espacio a Luis Buñuel y sus aportaciones al cine mexicano. Independientemente de que la llegada de Buñuel a México se da por razones distintas a las de los exiliados su estancia en el país coincide con la de otros compatriotas exiliados.
ABSTRACT This article offers a panoramic view of the Spanish exile to Mexico after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in 1936. It begins with a look back at the lives of the Spanish exiles; from the arrival of Los niños de Morelia and the creation of La Casa de España up until their eventual adaptation to the country that received them. The difficulties that the exiles faced after their arrival are briefly discussed to later point out how their integration influenced the cultural, academic and scientific Mexico of that time. In addition to what’s previously stated, there’s a space dedicated to Luis Buñuel and his contributions to the Mexican film industry. Aside from the fact that Buñuel’s arrival happens for different reasons from the exiles’, his residing in the country coincides with that of other exile countrymen.
Knowledge of Adjective Reference by Monolingual Spanish- and English-Speaking Children
Authors: Rayas Tanaka Martha Elizabeth
Published: March 2020

Previous studies (Waxman, Senghas and Benveniste, 1997 and Waxman and Guasti 2009) have concluded that there are crosslinguistic differences in the interpretation of adjectives by English, French, Spanish and Italian- monolingual speaking children. Their results show that only Spanish and Italian-speaking children categorized a novel adjective as an object responding in the same way for the categorization of a noun. According to the authors this is due to the Determiner-Adjective syntactic constructions in these languages that refer to the named objects or entities and to other members of that object category (e.g. los pobres). The present study looks more precisely at the interpretation of adjectives by presenting a task in which children had to recognize adjectives as properties of objects and it explores the role of syntax and morphology as informative linguistic sources for their acquisition by using four different linguistic contexts. The results show that English- and Spanish- monolingual speaking children do understand that adjectives refer to properties and not to objects responding in a different way for a categorization of an adjective.
Estudios anteriores (Waxman, Senghas and Benveniste, 1997 and Waxman and Guasti 2009) han concluido que existen diferencias croslingüísticas en la interpretación de los adjetivos por parte de los niños monolingües que hablan inglés, francés, español e italiano. Sus resultados muestran que solamente los niños que hablan español e italiano categorizan un adjetivo nuevo como un objeto respondiendo igual que a la categorización de un sustantivo. Los autores explican que esto se debe a las construcciones sintácticas de Articulo-Adjetivo en las lenguas mencionadas que se refieren a los objetos o entidades nombrados y a otros miembros de la categoría del objeto, por ejemplo: los pobres. El presente estudio analiza más precisamente la interpretación de los adjetivos presentando una tarea en el que el niño tiene que reconocer a los adjetivos como propiedades de objetos y explora el papel de la sintaxis y la morfología como recursos informativos lingüísticos para la adquisición de los adjetivos utilizando cuatro diferentes contextos lingüísticos. Los resultados muestran que los niños hablantes monolingües de inglés y español entienden que los adjetivos se refieren a las propiedades y no a los objetos respondiendo en forma diferente sobre la categorización de un adjetivo.
Fragmentación en la novela histórica contemporánea sobre la Guerra Civil española
Authors: Banerjee Durba
Published: March 2020

RESUMEN

España ha visto una nueva ola de literatura publicada en la primera década de este siglo que trata el tema de la Guerra Civil y que se nutre de las preocupaciones y debates que rodean al movimiento de la recuperación de la memoria de la guerra y la posguerra. Este trabajo pretende indagar en la representación de la Guerra Civil en la novela histórica en particular, centrándose en su estructura narrativa fragmentada. El artículo reconoce la yuxtaposición de diferentes elementos del discurso político, periodístico y historiográfico dentro de las narrativas histórico-ficcionales y la estudia según la idea posmoderna de fragmentación. A manera de ejemplo, toma el caso de dos escritores – Javier Cercas y Alberto Méndez – y sus obras Soldados de Salamina (2001) y El impostor (2014), y Los girasoles ciegos (2004) respectivamente. Se utilizan los ejemplos tomados de las tres novelas históricas contemporáneas para demostrar cómo los textos se convierten en sitios de recuperación de la memoria de la guerra y en herramientas de una reconstrucción novedosa pero crítica de la historia de España mediante la adopción de la fragmentación de manera textual, temática y discursiva.

ABSTRACT

Spain has witnessed a new wave of literature published in the first decade of this century that deals with the theme of the Civil War and that draws upon the concerns and debates surrounding the movement of recover the memory of the war and the postwar. This work attempts to analyze the representation of the Civil War in the historical novel in particular by focusing on its fragmented narrative structure. The article acknowledges the juxtaposition of different elements from political, journalistic and historiographic discourse within the historical-fictional narratives and studies it according to the postmodern idea of fragmentation. For the purpose of explanation, it takes the case of two writers – Javier Cercas and Alberto Méndez – and their works Soldados de Salamina (2001) y El impostor (2014), and Los girasoles ciegos (2004) respectively. The examples taken from the three contemporary historical novels are used to demonstrate how the texts become sites of recovery of the memory of the war and tools of a novel yet critical reconstruction of the history of Spain by adopting textual, thematic and argumentative fragmentation.
The Avdat in Late Antiquity Project: Report on the 2012/2016 Excavations of a Cave and Stone-Built Compound along the Southern Slope
Authors: Bucking Scott , Erickson-Gini Tali
Published: March 2020

This article reports on the 2012 and 2016 field seasons at the Nabataean-Roman hilltop town of Avdat in the central Negev highlands of Israel. The fieldwork, being carried out as part of the Avdat in Late Antiquity Project, is concerned with a multi-roomed cave and stone-built compound along the southern slope of the town, which appears to have been inhabited by the town's monastic community during late antiquity. The various finds in the compound, including numerous red-painted dipinti and unusually well-preserved organic remains, provide evidence of the social and economic agency of the monks and draw attention to the understudied phenomenon of “urban monasticism” in late antique Palestine. In addition, through the combined use of radiocarbon and archaeoseismological data, important new questions are raised about the Byzantine-Early Islamic transition and the duration of settlement at Avdat.
An Ancient Winery at Jezreel, Israel
Authors: Franklin Norma , Ebeling Jennie , Guillaume Philippe , Appler Deborah
Published: March 2020

The discovery, excavation, function, typology, and probable date of an ancient winery excavated by the present Jezreel Expedition in 2013 are the focus of this article. Its method of construction and its function are discussed, and a comparison is made with other simple treading installations. The demand for wine is discussed with reference to the military nature of Jezreel during the period of Assyrian hegemony, and a probable date for the winery's initial use is proposed. The Jezreel winery continued in use until at least the first century CE, when new grape-pressing installations appear in the Byzantine-period village of Jezreel.
Heads or Snails? A Rustic Feast at Hellenistic Philoteria (Tel Bet Yeraḥ, Israel), circa 150 BCE
Authors: Pines Miriam , Dor Alol , Mayer Daniella E. Bar-Yosef , Paz Sarit , Tal Oren , Greenberg Raphael
Published: March 2020

The contents of a small trash pit discovered in the recent excavations in Hellenistic Philoteria (Tel Bet Yeraḥ/Khirbet el-Kerak) offer a unique opportunity to study the components of what appears to have been a single festive meal. Extant remains include numerous mammal bones, mollusc shells, and ceramic tableware; they suggest a rustic Mediterranean cuisine, compatible with the presence of Greek settlers in pre-Hasmonean Galilee.
Experimental testing of oxidation stability of diesel fuels
Authors: Baczewski Kazimierz , Szczawiński Piotr
Published: March 2020

The article presents a short analysis of oxidation stability problems of diesel fuels, it describes the factors determining this stability and methods of its research. The results of investigations of base diesel fuel oxidation stability, commercial diesel fuel, basic diesel fuel, and rapeseed methyl ester mixtures are given. The effect of the fuel type and the influence of oxygen, heat, light, and the presence of water on the change of oxidation stability of the examined fuels was investigated. It was found that the decisive influence on the change of functional properties of the tested fuels has the effect of air and heat, and to a small extent the presence of water.
Keywords: mechanical engineering, engine fuels, diesel fuel, oxidation stability, aging of diesel fuels
Mid-term Functional Results and Failure Analysis after First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis
Authors: Kuik Leszek , Chmiel Joanna , Jaskólski Dawid , Łuczkiewicz Piotr
Published: March 2020

Background. First metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis is the gold standard in the treatment of arthritis of the first MTP joint as well as an effective salvage procedure after unsuccessful primary forefoot procedures. The paper aims to present an evaluation of mid-term functional results and specify the causes of low postoperative satisfaction among patients.
Material and methods. 44 patients who underwent operative treatment in the years 2012–2018 were assessed with the AOFAS-MTP, EFAS and VAS scores and a radiological evaluation after at least half a year of follow-up. Multiple factors were analysed with regard to their influence on functional results and overall patient satisfaction. Our results were then compared to those of the most recent meta-analysis.
Results. The mean follow-up time was 27.4 months (from 6 to 82 months). The mean AOFAS-MTP score increased from 30.5 (SD 15.6) to 67.16 (SD 18.68), the mean EFAS score increased from 8.2 (SD 5.2) to 17.2 (SD 6.7), and the mean VAS score decreased from 7.6 (SD 1.6) to 3.2 (SD 2.5). Additionally, 35 patients (79.5%) were satisfied or very satisfied with the surgery, 9 patients (20.5%) reported their satisfaction as low or very low, while 6 patients (13.6%) required a revision procedure.
Conclusions. Despite using methods of treatment comparable to those found in the literature and achieving similarly comparable functional and radiological results, the finding that a significant proportion of patients were not satisfied with the surgery shows the need for further investigation and optimization of operative techniques.
Inteligência Artificial: um desafio na detecção precoce de Indivíduos em Risco de Dislexia
Authors: Orleans Luís Fernando , Costa Raimundo José Macário , da Cruz Sérgio Manoel Serra
Published: March 2020

O conhecimento adquirido sobre dislexia pode ser direcionado para a construção de um sistema computacional inteligente aplicado à área de educação e da área de saúde e aliada às novas formas de diagnóstico médico. O objetivo deste artigo é expor direções de pesquisa e considerações sobre os desafios referentes ao apoio computacional oferecido pela Neurociência Computacional na Educação Brasileira. O trabalho também apresenta uma abordagem relacionada com a dislexia, um dos Transtornos de Aprendizagem que tem despertado interesse nos pesquisadores, profissionais de saúde e educação. Esta pesquisa também visa investigar novas técnicas computacionais que venham a preencher a lacuna de ausência de instrumentos de coleta e análise exploratória de dados relacionados à detecção precoce de indivíduos disléxicos.
Qualidade da Pesquisa Científica Brasileira em Informática na Educação: Desafios e Perspectivas
Authors: Jaques Patricia A. , Siqueira Sean , Bittencourt Ig I. , Isotani Seiji
Published: March 2020

O presente artigo busca discutir o desafio da qualidade da pesquisa científica em informática na educação no Brasil. Inicialmente, apresenta-se o cenário atual da pesquisa como forma de identificar fatores que determinam a qualidade e impacto nacional e internacional da pesquisa na área. Após identificação desses fatores, são apresentadas ações a serem realizadas pela comunidade e coordenadas pela Comissão Especial de Informática na Educação a fim de promover melhorias. Essas ações estão organizadas em quatro eixos: (i) Curadoria de um histórico da área de Informática na Educação no Brasil, incluindo iniciativas de políticas públicas e histórias de sucesso e fracasso; (ii) Fundamentação da área de Informática na Educação; (iii) Avanço e disseminação do estado da arte e da prática na área de Informática na Educação; (iv) Disseminação e evolução de métodos de pesquisa em Informática na Educação. Por último, para verificar o impacto das ações propostas na qualidade da pesquisa brasileira na área de IE, o artigo também propõe métricas, o que possibilitará uma análise quantitativa e objetiva das ações propostas.
A importância da argumentação e da mediação na Educação a Distância e os desafios para a Informática na Educação
Authors: de Campos Gilda Helena Bernardino , Roque Gianna Oliveira
Published: March 2020

A prática da mediação pedagógica em cursos a distância é tema recorrente nas pesquisas sobre EaD. Partindo do pressuposto de que a linguagem é condição necessária para a argumentação buscamos em Habermas,na Teoria do Agir Comunicativo, a fundamentação para o processo de mediação. A partir de uma pesquisa longitudinal realizada num curso de especialização a distância os resultados sugerem que o mediador pode contribuir para a autonomia e emancipação do aluno através do exercício do entendimento mútuo, assumido como um paradigma que orienta o processo de mediação pedagógica. Este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir os desafios e a importância da argumentação e da mediação na Educação a Distância.
Assistente de Cena de Crime: Solução Para Auxílio à Investigação de Homicídios
Authors: Amorim Mateus , Venceslau João , Carvalho Pedro , Cacho Nélio , Lopes Frederico , Adachi Eiji , Lima José
Published: March 2020

Este artigo traz a apresentação de uma ferramenta feita com o propósito de auxiliar a coleta de informações em locais nos quais um homicídio pode ter acontecido. A ferramenta, denominada Assistente de Cena de Crime, foi desenvolvida com as funcionalidades de criação de ocorrências a partir de dados da API do Centro Integrado de Operações de Segurança Pública, preenchimento de formulários com informações que auxiliarão a investigação criminal, captura precisa de geolocalização do evento e emissão de documentos pertinentes a cada ocorrência. O sistema também trabalha sem conexão com a internet e em dispositivos móveis, sendo desenvolvido a partir dos frameworks React, baseado em JavaScript, e Spring, baseado em Java.
Análise de Desempenho de Metaheurísticas Aplicadas ao Problema de Restauração de Redes de Distribuição
Authors: Batista Vitor , Bezerra Ubiratan , Vieira Andrey
Published: March 2020

Uma das características das Smart Grid é a restauração da rede elétrica, para isso são utilizadas metaheurísticas para encontrar a melhor configuração temporária após ocorrer uma falta. Impulsionado pela característica probabilística das metaheurísticas, este artigo visa realizar uma análise comparativa entre quatro metaheurísticas aplicadas ao problema de restauração, utilizando a representação nó-profundidade como estrutura de dados para representar a rede elétrica.