bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capturing the clinical complexity in young people presenting to primary mental health services: a data-driven approach
Authors: Gao Caroline X. , Telford Nic , Filia Kate M. , Menssink Jana M. , Albrecht Sabina , McGorry Patrick D. , Hamilton Matthew , Wang Mengmeng , Gan Daniel , Dwyer Dominic , Prober Sophie , Zbukvic Isabel , Ziou Myriam , Cotton Sue M. , Rickwood Debra J.
Published: September 2024

Aims

The specific and multifaceted service needs of young people have driven the development of youth-specific integrated primary mental healthcare models, such as the internationally pioneering headspace services in Australia. Although these services were designed for early intervention, they often need to cater for young people with severe conditions and complex needs, creating challenges in service planning and resource allocation. There is, however, a lack of understanding and consensus on the definition of complexity in such clinical settings.

Methods

This retrospective study involved analysis of headspace’s clinical minimum data set from young people accessing services in Australia between 1 July 2018 and 30 June 2019. Based on consultations with experts, complexity factors were mapped from a range of demographic information, symptom severity, diagnoses, illness stage, primary presenting issues and service engagement patterns. Consensus clustering was used to identify complexity subgroups based on identified factors. Multinomial logistic regression was then used to evaluate whether these complexity subgroups were associated with other risk factors.

Results

A total of 81,622 episodes of care from 76,021 young people across 113 services were analysed. Around 20% of young people clustered into a ‘high complexity’ group, presenting with a variety of complexity factors, including severe disorders, a trauma history and psychosocial impairments. Two moderate complexity groups were identified representing ‘distress complexity’ and ‘psychosocial complexity’ (about 20% each). Compared with the ‘distress complexity’ group, young people in the ‘psychosocial complexity’ group presented with a higher proportion of education, employment and housing issues in addition to psychological distress, and had lower levels of service engagement. The distribution of complexity profiles also varied across different headspace services.

Conclusions

The proposed data-driven complexity model offers valuable insights for clinical planning and resource allocation. The identified groups highlight the importance of adopting a holistic and multidisciplinary approach to address the diverse factors contributing to clinical complexity. The large number of young people presenting with moderate-to-high complexity to headspace early intervention services emphasises the need for systemic change in youth mental healthcare to ensure the availability of appropriate and timely support for all young people.
Why Do States Adhere to the Sustainable Development Goals?
Authors: Guiry Niamh
Published: September 2024

The rationale behind state support for, and obedience to, normative rules and obligations has long been a topic of international law scholarship discourse. What has yet to be fully established, however, is why virtually all states have agreed to adhere to a seemingly novel global paradigm with ambitious yet non-binding objectives – the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This article identifies six factors as contributing to the influencing power of the SDGs – namely, the role of law, particularly inter- and transnational law, the legitimacy of the framework, the notion of reciprocity, reputational concerns, national self-interest, and the moral duty to address the shared global challenges of sustainable development.

By exploring their strengths and limitations through several theoretical frameworks (including Harold Koh's theory of transnational legal processes, Thomas Franck's theory of legitimacy, and Ryan Goodman and Derek Jinks’ three mechanisms of social influence), this article argues that the combination of these factors motivates voluntary state commitment, reporting, and cooperation under the SDG framework and that, overall, the SDGs offer a versatile lens to explore the different motives for state adherence to a soft law framework in the inter- and transnational legal spheres.
Anatomy of a Lunar Silicic Construct—The Wolf Crater Complex, Mare Nubium and Implications for Early Silicic Magmatism on the Moon
Authors: Moitra Himela , Pathak Sumit , Dagar Aditya K. , Rajasekhar R. P. , Bhattacharya Satadru , Akuria Moumita , Gupta Saibal
Published: September 2024

Silicic lithologies on planetary surfaces indicate magmatic evolutionary processes in their interiors. The Wolf crater complex within Mare Nubium on the Moon is one such silicic construct associated with a high thorium anomaly. This study integrates morphological, compositional, chronological and gravity anomaly analyses of high‐resolution data from various lunar missions to establish this construct as a silicic volcanic caldera. Lobate flows with steeply sloping fronts indicate that the crater rims comprise high‐viscosity silicic lavas, while the structurally controlled inner crater walls suggest caldera collapse triggered by magma depletion. In the crater rims, low Christiansen Feature position values reaffirm the presence of silicic lithologies, consistent with the low gravity anomaly signature beneath the complex, while spectroscopic data reveal low mafic mineral abundances and negligible hydration features. Chronological analyses yield silicic volcanism ages coeval with surrounding mare basalts (3.8–3.6 Ga), while intra‐caldera basalts have 2.36–2.02 Ga ages, indicating prolonged magmatism in this region. Melting of suitable crustal protoliths like alkali gabbronorite/monzogabbro/troctolite by basaltic underplating is inferred to have generated silicic magmas that formed the Wolf volcanic complex, instead of basaltic magma fractionation or silicate‐liquid immiscibility processes. Large impacts during the Late Heavy Bombardment may have enhanced partial melting of the mantle and created crustal fractures that facilitated the ascent of viscous silicic melts through the lunar crust. Contemporaneous existence of suitable protoliths and adequate crustal pathways for magma ascent may have controlled silicic volcanism on the Moon, and can explain the sporadic occurrence and overlapping ages of the lunar silicic constructs.
Understanding Coherent Turbulence and the Roll‐Cell Transition With Lagrangian Coherent Structures and Frame‐Indifferent Fluxes
Authors: Aksamit Nikolas , Katurji Marwan , Zhang Jiawei
Published: September 2024

We present the first analysis of frame‐indifferent (objective) fluxes and material vortices in Large Eddy Simulations of atmospheric boundary layer turbulence. We extract rotating fluid features that maintain structural coherence over time for near‐neutral, transitional, and convective boundary layers. In contrast to traditional analysis of coherent structures in turbulent boundary layers, we provide the first identification of vortex boundaries that are mathematically defined to behave as tracer transport barriers. Furthermore, these vortices are indifferent to the choice of observer reference frame and can be identified without user‐dependent velocity field decompositions. We find a strong agreement between the geometric qualities of the coherent structures we extract using our new method and classical descriptions of horizontal rolls and convective cells arising from decades of observational studies. We also quantify trends in individual vortex contributions to turbulent and advective fluxes of heat under varying atmospheric stability. Using recently developed tools from the theory of transport barrier fields, we compare diffusive momentum and heat barrier fields with the presence of rolls and cells, and determine a strong connection between heat and momentum orthogonality with the physical drivers of roll‐cell transformation. This newly employed frame‐indifferent characterization of coherent turbulent structures can be directly applied to numerical model output, and thus provides a new Lagrangian approach to understand complex scale‐dependent processes and their associated dynamics.
Satellite Onboard Transmitter Design With Spread Spectrum MIMO Antenna for 5G Wireless Networks
Authors: Muttiah Ravandran
Published: September 2024

The 5G new era implements standalone satellite communications that support wireless networking systems for future mobile communications by locating multiple satellites in low Earth orbit to provide global coverage of the entire Earth's surface. In this research, a newly found model of a satellite onboard transmitter using a uniform circular array multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna was designed to operate at a carrier frequency of 12 GHz and derived theoretical equations compared to the real‐time scenario. The integration of spread spectrum with multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna provides an advantage for higher capacity. It has a higher percentage of gain amplification on improving the transmission of electromagnetic power to meet the bandwidth requirement of center operating frequency, and this can transmit over a bandwidth of 1.28 GHz. The proposed satellite onboard transmitter model design aims to minimize the components, increase the speed of operations for higher bandwidth, and transmit large amounts of information to a large group of users. The transmitter can operate for the speed of 1.28 Gbps using pseudo‐random code, direct‐sequence spread spectrum, quadrature phase shift keying modulation, bandwidth separated in bands for 64 symbols using 128 Chebyshev‐type bandpass filter for transmission using 128‐element uniform circular array multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna. The satellite transmitter antenna produces a maximum gain of 14.526 dBi, and a maximum directivity of 17.986 dBi, and the efficiency at 12 GHz is 45.1% for the radiated power at 0.93 mW. This satellite transmitter will interconnect 5G wireless networks for the application of mobile communications complement terrestrial‐dependent networks.
Evidence for widespread human exposure to food contact chemicals
Authors: Geueke Birgit , Parkinson Lindsey V. , Groh Ksenia J. , Kassotis Christopher D. , Maffini Maricel V. , Martin Olwenn V. , Zimmermann Lisa , Scheringer Martin , Muncke Jane
Published: September 2024

Background

Over 1800 food contact chemicals (FCCs) are known to migrate from food contact articles used to store, process, package, and serve foodstuffs. Many of these FCCs have hazard properties of concern, and still others have never been tested for toxicity. Humans are known to be exposed to FCCs via foods, but the full extent of human exposure to all FCCs is unknown.

Objective

To close this important knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic overview of FCCs that have been monitored and detected in human biomonitoring studies according to a previously published protocol.

Methods

We first compared the more than 14,000 known FCCs to five biomonitoring programs and three metabolome/exposome databases. In a second step, we prioritized FCCs that have been frequently detected in food contact materials and systematically mapped the available evidence for their presence in humans.

Results

For 25% of the known FCCs (3601), we found evidence for their presence in humans. This includes 194 FCCs from human biomonitoring programs, with 80 of these having hazard properties of high concern. Of the 3528 FCCs included in metabolome/exposome databases, most are from the Blood Exposome Database. We found evidence for the presence in humans for 63 of the 175 prioritized FCCs included in the systematic evidence map, and 59 of the prioritized FCCs lack hazard data.

Significance

Notwithstanding that there are also other sources of exposure for many FCCs, these data will help to prioritize FCCs of concern by linking information on migration and biomonitoring. Our results on FCCs monitored in humans are available as an interactive dashboard (FCChumon) to enable policymakers, public health researchers, and food industry decision-makers to make food contact materials and articles safer, reduce human exposure to hazardous FCCs and improve public health.

Impact statement

We present systematically compiled evidence on human exposure to 3601 food contact chemicals (FCCs) and highlight FCCs that are of concern because of their known hazard properties. Further, we identify relevant data gaps for FCCs found in food contact materials and foods. This article improves the understanding of food contact materials’ contribution to chemical exposure for the human population and highlights opportunities for improving public health.
SGLT2 inhibitors ameliorate NAFLD in mice via downregulating PFKFB3, suppressing glycolysis and modulating macrophage polarization
Authors: Lin Xia-fang , Cui Xiao-na , Yang Jin , Jiang Ya-fei , Wei Tian-jiao , Xia Li , Liao Xin-yue , Li Fei , Wang Dan-dan , Li Jian , Wu Qi , Yin De-shan , Le Yun-yi , Yang Kun , Wei Rui , Hong Tian-pei
Published: September 2024

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor (SGLT2i) is a novel class of anti-diabetic drug, which has displayed a promising benefit for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the protective effects of SGLT2i against NAFLD and the underlying mechanisms. The db/db mice and western diet-induced NAFLD mice were treated with dapagliflozin (1 mg·kg−1·d−1, i.g.) or canagliflozin (10 mg·kg−1·d−1, i.g.) for 8 weeks. We showed that the SGLT2i significantly improved NAFLD-associated metabolic indexes, and attenuated hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Notably, SGLT2i reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, downregulated M1 macrophage marker expression and upregulated M2 macrophage marker expression in liver tissues. In cultured mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived macrophages, the SGLT2i (10, 20 and 40 μmol/L) significantly promoted macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 phenotype. RNA sequencing, Seahorse analysis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the SGLT2i suppressed glycolysis and triggered metabolic reprogramming in macrophages. By using genetic manipulation and pharmacological inhibition, we identified that the SGLT2i targeted PFKFB3, a key enzyme of glycolysis, to modulate the macrophage polarization of M1 to M2 phenotype. Using a co-culture of macrophages with hepatocytes, we demonstrated that the SGLT2i inhibited lipogenesis in hepatocytes via crosstalk with macrophages. In conclusion, this study highlights a potential therapeutic application for repurposing SGLT2i and identifying a potential target PFKFB3 for NAFLD treatment.
Pressure-tuning of α-RuCl3 towards a quantum spin liquid
Authors: Stahl Q. , Ritschel T. , Garbarino G. , Cova F. , Isaeva A. , Doert T. , Geck J.
Published: September 2024

The layered material α-RuCl3 is a promising candidate to realize the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL) state. However, at ambient pressure, deviations from the perfect Kitaev geometry prevent the existence of the QSL state at low temperatures. Here we present the discovery of a pressure-induced high-symmetry phase in α-RuCl3, which creates close to ideal conditions for the emergence of a QSL. Employing a novel approach based on Bragg and diffuse scattering of synchrotron radiation, we reveal a pressure-induced reorganization of the RuCl3-layers. Most importantly, this reorganization affects the structure of the layers themselves, which acquire a high trigonal symmetry. For this trigonal phase the largest ratio between the Kitaev (K) and the Heisenberg exchange (J) ever encountered is found: K/J = 124. Additionally, we demonstrate that this phase can also be stabilized by a slight biaxial pressure. This not only resolves the conflicting reports of low-temperature structures in the literature, but also facilitates the investigation of the high-symmetry phase and its potential QSL using a range of experimental techniques.
Tunable cell differentiation via reprogrammed mating-type switching
Authors: Heng Yu Chyuan , Kitano Shohei , Susanto Adelia Vicanatalita , Foo Jee Loon , Chang Matthew Wook
Published: September 2024

This study introduces a synthetic biology approach that reprograms the yeast mating-type switching mechanism for tunable cell differentiation, facilitating synthetic microbial consortia formation and cooperativity. The underlying mechanism was engineered into a genetic logic gate capable of inducing asymmetric sexual differentiation within a haploid yeast population, resulting in a consortium characterized by mating-type heterogeneity and tunable population composition. The utility of this approach in microbial consortia cooperativity was demonstrated through the sequential conversion of xylan into xylose, employing haploids of opposite mating types each expressing a different enzyme of the xylanolytic pathway. This strategy provides a versatile framework for producing and fine-tuning functionally heterogeneous yet isogenic yeast consortia, furthering the advancement of microbial consortia cooperativity and offering additional avenues for biotechnological applications.
Computing high-degree polynomial gradients in memory
Authors: Bhattacharya Tinish , Hutchinson George H. , Pedretti Giacomo , Sheng Xia , Ignowski Jim , Van Vaerenbergh Thomas , Beausoleil Ray , Strachan John Paul , Strukov Dmitri B.
Published: September 2024

Specialized function gradient computing hardware could greatly improve the performance of state-of-the-art optimization algorithms. Prior work on such hardware, performed in the context of Ising Machines and related concepts, is limited to quadratic polynomials and not scalable to commonly used higher-order functions. Here, we propose an approach for massively parallel gradient calculations of high-degree polynomials, which is conducive to efficient mixed-signal in-memory computing circuit implementations and whose area scales proportionally with the product of the number of variables and terms in the function and, most importantly, independent of its degree. Two flavors of such an approach are proposed. The first is limited to binary-variable polynomials typical in combinatorial optimization problems, while the second type is broader at the cost of a more complex periphery. To validate the former approach, we experimentally demonstrated solving a small-scale third-order Boolean satisfiability problem based on integrated metal-oxide memristor crossbar circuits, with competitive heuristics algorithm. Simulation results for larger-scale, more practical problems show orders of magnitude improvements in area, speed and energy efficiency compared to the state-of-the-art. We discuss how our work could enable even higher-performance systems after co-designing algorithms to exploit massively parallel gradient computation.
Development of predictive indices for evaluating the UHI adaptation potential of green roof- and wall-based scenarios in the Mediterranean climate
Authors: Susca Tiziana , Iaria Jacopo , Zanghirella Fabio
Published: September 2024

Urban heat islands can jeopardize urban inhabitants, but the installation of green roofs (GRs) and walls (GWs) can contribute to mitigating urban overheating. The present study provides novel indices to easily predict the spatial median variation in air temperature at pedestrian heights related to the application of GR- and GW-based scenarios during the hottest hours of a typical summer day by varying the building height (BH), coverage percentage, and leaf area index. The indices are meant to be applied to built areas with 0.3–0.4 urban density in the Mediterranean climate and are derived from regression models fed with the outputs of 281 simulations of three urban areas developed and run in ENVI-met software. The developed models are all highly significant. The GR model shows that mitigation is influenced by all three parameters, and it can estimate mitigation with a root mean square error of 0.05 °C. Compared with the other parameters, the GW models revealed that the BH did not influence the decrease in air temperature. The green façade and living wall (LW) indices predict mitigation with errors of 0.04 °C and 0.05 °C, respectively. However, for the LW model, further parameters should be considered to improve its reliability.
Impairment of health-related quality of life among people with type 2 diabetes and advanced liver fibrosis
Authors: Michel Maurice , Funuyet-Salas Jesús , Doll Michelle , Alqahtani Saleh A. , Armandi Angelo , Labenz Christian , Galle Peter R. , Schattenberg Jörn M.
Published: September 2024

People with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) show a high prevalence of steatotic liver disease (SLD), and especially metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), with liver fibrosis. Their health-related quality of life (HRQL) is affected by multiple in part overlapping factors and aggravated by metabolic and liver-related comorbidities, including liver fibrosis stage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect size of advanced fibrosis (AF) on the HRQL in people with T2DM. A total of 149 individuals with T2DM treated at a primary care provider within the German disease management program (DMP) were included in the final analysis. Vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) was used to non-invasively detect steatosis and AF. The EQ-5D-3L questionnaire was used to assess the HRQL. Uni- and multivariable linear regression models were used to identify independent predictors of impaired HRQL. The majority was male (63.1%), and the median age was 67 years (IQR 59; 71). In the entire cohort, the prevalence of MASLD and AF was 70.7% and 19.5%, respectively. People with T2DM and AF had an overall lower HRQL in comparison to those without AF (p < 0.001). Obesity (β: − 0.247; 95% CI − 0.419, − 0.077) and AF (β: − 0.222; 95% CI − 0.383, − 0.051) remained independent predictors of a poor HRQL. In turn, T2DM-related comorbidities were not predictive of an impaired HRQL. Obesity and AF negatively affect the HRQL in patients with SLD and T2DM in primary care. Awareness of liver health and specific interventions may improve patient-reported and liver-related outcomes in people with T2DM.
Efficacy of galcanezumab in migraine central sensitization
Authors: Danno Daisuke , Imai Noboru , Kitamura Shigekazu , Ishizaki Kumiko , Kikui Shoji , Takeshima Takao
Published: September 2024

Galcanezumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway (CGRP mAb), acts peripherally due to its large size. However, recent studies have suggested that CGRP mAbs may also have a central mode of action. This study aimed to evaluate the central effects of galcanezumab on migraine central sensitization.This prospective real-world study was conducted at three headache centers in Japan between May 2021 and May 2022. Patients treated with galcanezumab for migraines were included in the study. The primary outcome was the change in the validated Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) score from baseline to six months of treatment. We also assessed changes in the Allodynia Symptom Checklist (ASC-12) score. Eighty-six patients with migraine (73 female and 13 male) were analyzed. At 6 months, CSI and ASC-12 scores were significantly reduced compared to baseline (CSI: 36.0 vs. 29.3, p < 0.001; and ASC-12: 5.55 vs. 4.26, p < 0.01). Furthermore, these effects were observed as early as three months of treatment. In this study, we demonstrated the real-world efficacy of galcanezumab in improving central sensitization in migraine, with significant effects seen in the early phase of treatment.

Trial registration: This study was registered with UMIN-CTR on May 2, 2021 (UMIN000044096).
A systematic review and meta analysis on digital mental health interventions in inpatient settings
Authors: Diel Alexander , Schröter Isabel Carolin , Frewer Anna-Lena , Jansen Christoph , Robitzsch Anita , Gradl-Dietsch Gertraud , Teufel Martin , Bäuerle Alexander
Published: September 2024

E-mental health (EMH) interventions gain increasing importance in the treatment of mental health disorders. Their outpatient efficacy is well-established. However, research on EMH in inpatient settings remains sparse and lacks a meta-analytic synthesis. This paper presents a meta-analysis on the efficacy of EMH in inpatient settings. Searching multiple databases (PubMed, ScienceGov, PsycInfo, CENTRAL, references), 26 randomized controlled trial (RCT) EMH inpatient studies (n = 6112) with low or medium assessed risk of bias were included. A small significant total effect of EMH treatment was found (g = 0.3). The effect was significant both for blended interventions (g = 0.42) and post-treatment EMH-based aftercare (g = 0.29). EMH treatment yielded significant effects across different patient groups and types of therapy, and the effects remained stable post-treatment. The results show the efficacy of EMH treatment in inpatient settings. The meta-analysis is limited by the small number of included studies.
Low-cost and highly sensitive colorimetric and visual detection of amikacin in milk using melamine functionalized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Zhu Sujuan , Zuo Ding , Shi Qiang , Yuan Jiexuan , Wang Bing
Published: September 2024

This study developed a rapid, low-cost and highly sensitive analytical method using melamine functionalized gold nanoparticles (MA-Au NPs) as a colorimetric sensor to detect amikacin in milk.
Evaluating the potential of vancomycin-modified magnetic beads as a tool for sample preparation in diagnostic assays
Authors: Pahlow Susanne , Schmidt Sabine , Pappert Tabea , Thieme Lara , Makarewicz Oliwia , Monecke Stefan , Ehricht Ralf , Weber Karina , Popp Jürgen
Published: September 2024

Within this article various factors influencing the specificity of bacterial cell binding to vancomycin-functionalized micro- and nanoparticles are investigated.
Graphitic carbon nitride as a novel anticancer agent: potential mechanisms and efficacy in prostate cancer and glioblastoma treatment
Authors: Yoshihara Natalia , Lopes Michelle , Santos Isabel , Kopke Beatriz , Almeida Clara , Araújo Joyce , Fechine Pierre B. A. , Santos-Oliveira Ralph , Sant'Anna Celso
Published: September 2024

Carbon-derived compounds are gaining traction in the scientific community because of their unique properties, such as conductivity and strength, and promising innovations in technology and medicine.
Heterostructure engineered construction of N-doped CuO@Co3O4 for highly efficient electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia
Authors: Dong Shi-Jiao , Huang Sai , Wang Ao , Meng Yan , Xu Gang , Song Jun-Ling
Published: September 2024

The electrochemical reduction of nitrate to NH3 can be a promising and sustainable alternative for the industrially used, energy-intensive Haber–Bosch process under mild conditions and also solve the issue of nitrate nitrogen pollution in water.
1D Zn(ii)/2D Cu(i) halogen pyridyl coordination polymers. Band gap engineering by DFT for predicting more efficient photocatalysts in water treatment
Authors: García-Hernán Andrea , Aguilar-Galindo Fernando , Castillo Oscar , Amo-Ochoa Pilar
Published: September 2024

The study utilizes density functional theory to enhance the design and efficiency of coordination polymers for sustainable photocatalytic applications.
Heterogeneous oxidative upcycling of polystyrene plastics to benzoic acid under air conditions
Authors: Sun Chengyang , Guo Yong , Liu Xiaohui , Wang Yanqin
Published: September 2024

A heterogeneous oxidative upcycling strategy converting polystyrene (PS) waste into benzoic acid.
Molecular Fe(ii)–Ln(iii) dyads for luminescence reading of spin-state equilibria at the molecular level
Authors: Lathion Timothée , Deorukhkar Neel , Egger Charlotte , Nozary Homayoun , Piguet Claude
Published: September 2024

Efficient and easy lanthanide(iii)-based luminescence reading of iron(ii) spin-state equilibria presents an attractive challenge, owing to the delicate combination of the primogenic effect and the Fermi golden rule.
Fluorophore–quencher complexes (Cu2+/Al3+) of coumarin Schiff bases as chemosensors for the detection of l-glutamic acid and l-arginine: in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Ranjani M. , Thiruppathi G. A. , Keerthana V. , Ramya M. , Kalaivani P. , Selvakumar S. , Shankar R. , Srinivasan K. , Sundararaj P. , Prabhakaran R.
Published: September 2024

This study reports the development of new coumarin based chemo sensors RR1 and RR2, which selectively showed fluorescence turn ‘OFF’ response towards Cu2+ and Al3+.
[4 + 1]- and [4 + 2]-cycloadditions of a thiazole-2-thione-based 1,4-diphosphinine – broadening the scope
Authors: Kalisch Tim , Schnakenburg Gregor , Nikonov Georgii I. , Streubel Rainer
Published: September 2024

[4 + 1]- and [4 + 2]-cycloaddition reactions of a thiazole-2-thione-based 1,4-diphosphinine (I) is reported, focussing on reversible reactions. Their thermal [4 + 2]-cycloreversion is studied from an experimental as well as theoretical point of view.
Broadband blue light emissions of one-dimensional hybrid Cu(i) halides with ultrahigh anti -water stability
Authors: Lin Na , Li Yun-Xia , Liu Yu , Sun Kai-Qi , Zhang Hong-Yan , Lei Xiao-Wu , Chen Zhi-Wei
Published: September 2024

Three isostructural Cu(i)-based one-dimensional halides were prepared and display intrinsic broadband blue-light emissions with excellent anti-water and thermal stabilities.
Compositional dependence of uniaxial zero thermal expansion and zero linear compressibility in metal–organic framework MIL-122 (Al, Ga, In)
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Ying , Wang Cong
Published: September 2024

The responses of MIL-122(Al, Ga, In) to pressure or temperature have been investigated.
Post-metallation functionalization of the [(C^C)Au(P^P)]+ scaffold through a hydrothiolation reaction
Authors: Yang Jeannine , Soep Clément , Forté Jérémy , Dossmann Héloïse , Bertrand Benoît
Published: September 2024

Functionalization of the [(C^C)Au(dppe)]+ core through an efficient, chemoselective and functional group tolerant hydrothiolation reaction was achieved.
Optical sensing of l-dihydroxy-phenylalanine in water by a high-affinity molecular receptor involving cooperative binding of a metal coordination bond and boronate–diol
Authors: Salomón-Flores María K. , Viviano-Posadas Alejandro O. , Valdes-García Josue , López-Guerrero Víctor , Martínez-Otero Diego , Barroso-Flores Joaquín , German-Acacio Juan M. , Bazany-Rodríguez Iván J. , Dorazco-González Alejandro
Published: September 2024

A fluorescent Cu(ii)–terpyridine complex bearing phenylboronic acid was synthesized, structurally described and studied in-depth as a fluorescent receptor for neurotransmitters in water.
Syntheses, crystal structures and photocurrent responses of Cs2Ag2Sb2S5 and CsAgSb4S7 with thiourea as a mineralizer
Authors: Liu Yan , Yu Changyan , Xie Zhihe , Cao Ming , Miao Dongyuan , Xue Zhiwei , Li Yanhua
Published: September 2024

Novel layered sulfide Cs2Ag2Sb2S5 was synthesized solvothermally in the presence of thiourea as a mineralizer, and exhibits excellent photoelectric response performance.
Synthesis of P-bridged, planar bis(NHC) BCl3 adducts
Authors: Terschüren Tatjana , Schnakenburg Gregor , Streubel Rainer
Published: September 2024

Synthesis of P(iii) tricyclic 1,4-diphosphinine bis(NHC) BCl3 adducts possessing either a tetra- (I) or a dicoordinate (II) phosphorus centre is reported; their formation and properties are investigated by DFT calculations.
Enhanced energy transfer and near-infrared luminescence by crystal field regulation in Zn3Ga2GeO8:Cr3+,Yb3+
Authors: Yang Jian , Xie Chenglong , Zhao Lei
Published: September 2024

Enhanced energy transfer between Cr3+ and Yb3+ in ZGGO via crystal field regulation.
Analogous carbene-stabilised [MI-(η6-tol)]+ cations (M = Fe, Co, Ni): synthetic access and [carbene·MI]+ transfer
Authors: Schulz Annika , Hadlington Terrance J.
Published: September 2024

An analogous series of [NHC·MI]+ complexes is reported for Fe, Co, and Ni, featuring a labile toluene ligand which is readily exchanged.
Optical detection strategies for Ni(ii) ion using metal–organic chemosensors: from molecular design to environmental applications
Authors: Naithani Sudhanshu , Dubey Ritesh , Goswami Tapas , Thetiot Franck , Kumar Sushil
Published: September 2024

This study focuses on various luminescent and colorimetric metal–organic sensors employed for Ni(ii) detection, with an emphasis on state-of-the-art overview, latest development and challenges.
Grignard reagents as simple precatalysts for the dehydrocoupling of amines and silanes
Authors: Bushey Claire E. , Javier-Jiménez Diego R. , Reuter Matthew B. , Waterman Rory
Published: September 2024

Grignard reagents are simple, accessible catalysts for the dehydrocoupling of amines and silanes that increases selectivity of these reactions over other commercially available catalysts for Si–N bond formation.
A simply accessible organometallic system to gauge electronic properties of N-heterocyclic carbenes
Authors: Bru Francis , Charman Rex S. C. , Bourda Laurens , Van Hecke Kristof , Grimaud Laurence , Liptrot David J. , Cazin Catherine S. J.
Published: September 2024

Two new model complexes function as electrochemical probes for the evaluation of electronic properties of N-heterocyclic carbene ligands. The linear ones unearth flaws of previous probes when evaluating the most sterically demanding NHCs.
Interlayer reinforcement for improved mechanical reliability for wearable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Cai Weilun , Zou Pengchen , Rong Shiqi , Wang Hui , Chen Xin , Zhang Zheng , Wang Yajie , Liu Chou , Yang Tinghuan , Niu Tianqi , Jin Shengye , Tian Wenming , Yao Jianxi , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Zhao Kui
Published: September 2024

We introduced a polyacrylamide (PAM) interlayer to enhance adhesion and regulate perovskite crystallization, achieving wearable solar cells and modules with high efficiency.
Surface hydroxyl group dominating aerobic oxidation of methane below room temperature
Authors: Yu Baiyang , Cheng Lu , Wu Jiaju , Yang Bing , Li Hong , Xu Jing , Zhang Ying , Pan Chengsi , Cao Xiao-Ming , Zhu Yongfa , Lou Yang
Published: September 2024

Titanium silicate-supported single Pd atoms coated with ultrathin N-doped carbon (Pd1/TS-1@CN) as an efficient and stable catalyst enabling direct oxidation of methane to value-added products with 100% selectivity by O2 and H2 at 15 °C.
Influence of lipid oxidation on the digestive efficiency of Antarctic krill oil: insights from a simulated gastrointestinal digestion model
Authors: Wang Ruiying , Sun Xin , Dong Guimei , Guo Chao , Yin Fawen , Liu Huilin , Song Liang , Zhou Dayong
Published: September 2024

Lipid oxidation inhibited Antarctic krill oil digestion, and co-digestion with tea polyphenol palmitate resisted sustained lipid oxidation during simulated gastrointestinal digestion.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel trial to test the effect of inulin supplementation on migraine headache characteristics, quality of life and mental health symptoms in women with migraine
Authors: Vajdi Mahdi , Khorvash Fariborz , Askari Gholamreza
Published: September 2024

Migraine is a complex neurovascular disorder characterized by recurrent headache attacks that are often accompanied by symptoms such as vomiting, nausea, and sensitivity to sound or light.
In vitro simulated digestion and fermentation behaviors of polysaccharides from Pleurotus cornucopiae and their impact on the gut microbiota
Authors: Jiang Chunping , Li Hongyu , Li Junqi , Zou Guangying , Li Cheng , Fang Zhengfeng , Hu Bin , Wu Wenjuan , Li Xiaolin , Zeng Zhen , Luo Qingying , Liu Yuntao
Published: September 2024

The physicochemical characteristics and fermentative behavior of original polysaccharides and polysaccharides extracted after microwave cooking from Pleurotus cornucopiae during in vitro simulated digestion and fecal fermentation were investigated.
Cathodic electrodeposition of polymer networks as ultrathin films on 3-D micro-architected electrodes
Authors: Zheng Zhaoyi , Resing Anton B. , Wang Wenlu , Werner Jörg G.
Published: September 2024

Conformal sub-micron coatings of an ion-conducting polymer network are obtained on porous micron-scaled architectures using surface-confined electrochemistry.
Localized three-photon upconversion enhancement in silver nanowire networks and its effect in thermal sensing
Authors: Martínez Eduardo D. , Ferreira Luiz H. A. R. , Carneiro Neto Albano N. , Brites Carlos D. S. , Carlos Luís D.
Published: September 2024

Localized enhancement of upconversion luminescence in silver nanowires allows the direct visualization of plasmonic hot-spots; however, the effect on the emission spectra of Er3+ ions must be corrected for accurate ratiometric thermometry analysis.
Fabrication of flower-like CoFe/C composites derived from ferrocene-based metal–organic frameworks: an in situ growth strategy toward high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Wang Xueling , Zhang Xuan , Lu Jiaqi , Liu Zhiliang
Published: September 2024

A series of composites derived from Fc-MOFs integrate the synergistic effects of dielectric and magnetic loss and exhibit excellent EMW absorption performance. Moreover, the CoFe/C exhibits lightweight characteristics and a low radar cross-section.
Unleashing nanotechnology to redefine tumor-associated macrophage dynamics and non-coding RNA crosstalk in breast cancer
Authors: Patni Hardik , Chaudhary Ramesh , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: September 2024

Nanocarrier-based targeting tumor-associated macrophages can reprogram pro-tumor M2 macrophages into anti-tumor M1 macrophages, offering a promising approach for advanced breast cancer treatment. Image created in BioRender.com.
Engineering multi-component 3DOM FeVCrOx catalysts with high oxygen mobility for the oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene with CO2
Authors: Gao Xiaoshuai , Han Weigao , Dong Fang , Huang Xiaosheng , Tang Zhicheng , Li Qiuye
Published: September 2024

V and Cr were introduced to modulate the lattice oxygen mobility and the active components. Thus, catalytic activity was enhanced. The reaction path was changed by water. The CO2 utilization was improved and catalytic activity was further enhanced.
The dual-functional role of carboxylate in a nickel–iron catalyst towards efficient oxygen evolution
Authors: Wu Dan , Sun Yuanhua , Zhang Xue , Liu Xiaokang , Cao Linlin , Yao Tao
Published: September 2024

Carboxylate ligand, as a proton acceptor, activates O–H bonds and boosts OER kinetics, while strengthening Fe–O bonds and inhibiting Fe dissolution. This dual-functional role significantly enhances both activity and stability of NiFe LDH.
α-(N-Alkyl-N-heteroarenium)-α-diazoacetates: synthesis and reactivity of a novel class of ‘onium’ diazo compounds
Authors: Li Ya-Xi , Liu Quan-Yun , Zhang Yi , Liu Miao-Miao , Liu Xiaoqian , Shen Mei-Hua , Wang Fang-Ming , Xu Hua-Dong
Published: September 2024

Unprecedented diazoacetate N-heteroarenium salts are synthesized and participate in catalytic [2 + 1] cycloadditions and [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements, providing facile access to otherwise difficult-to-obtain multi-functionalized N-heterocycles.
Regulating H2S release from self-assembled peptide H2S-donor conjugates using cysteine derivatives
Authors: Li Zhao , Thomas Marius , Berač Christian M. , Stach Oliver S. , Besenius Pol , Matson John B.
Published: September 2024

This study explores the self-assembly behavior of a peptide–H2S donor conjugate and highlights how the charge state of a triggering thiol affects H2S release rate, providing insight into how self-assembly and release mechanisms modulate H2S delivery.
Amide-derived enols in enol–Ugi reactions: expanding horizons for peptidomimetic scaffold synthesis
Authors: Ramiro José Luis , Neo Ana G. , Marcos Carlos F.
Published: September 2024

Constraining peptidomimetics: boosting the versatility of enol–Ugi chemistry.
An electron donor–acceptor complex-initiated C–H trifluoromethylation and perfluoroalkylation of enamides and quinoxalinones
Authors: Song Yaqi , Sun Tian-Yu , Xia Xiao-Feng , Wang Dawei
Published: September 2024

An electron donor–acceptor complex-initiated C–H trifluoromethylation and perfluoroalkylation of enamides and quinoxalinones has been realized.
Unveiling the reactivity of 2H-(thio)pyran-2-(thi)ones in cycloaddition reactions with strained alkynes through density functional theory studies
Authors: Huang Wei , Wen Kangqiao , Laughlin Scott T. , Escorihuela Jorge
Published: September 2024

A theoretical study of the IEDDA reaction of endo-BCN with 2H-pyran-2-one, 2H-thiopyran-2-one, 2H-pyran-2-thione and 2H-thiopyran-2-thione reveals the superior reactivity of 2H-pyran-2-thiones because of the lower distortion energy.
Synthesis and antiproliferative activity of thiazole-fused anthraquinones
Authors: Andreeva Daria V. , Tikhomirov Alexander S. , Shchekotikhin Andrey E.
Published: September 2024

A convenient and simple metal-free method for thiolation of anthraquinone derivatives was proposed for the preparation of anthra[2,3-d]thiazoles. Anthra[2,3-d]thiazole-2-carboxamides showed moderate antiproliferative activity against cancer cells.
Single-ion quasi-solid-state electrolytes based on sulfonimide-functionalized covalent organic framework
Authors: Wu Haomin , Ma Wencan , Huang Xin , Cai Yifeng , Li Junheng , Liao Qiaobo , Xi Kai , Zhang Qiuhong , Jia Xudong
Published: September 2024

The COF based SIQSSEs with a high ionic conductivity of 4.3 × 10−4 S cm−1, a high LTN of 0.90. A high initial capacity (150.3 mA h g−1), high retention (99% after 100 cycles), good cycling stability and rate performance in Li/LFP battery test.
Truxinates and truxillates: building blocks for architecturally complex polymers and advanced materials
Authors: El-Arid Sara , Lenihan Jason M. , Beeler Aaron B. , Grinstaff Mark W.
Published: September 2024

This review describes recent advances in polymer truxinates and truxillates and provides the necessary background in synthetic methodologies and properties to understand current developments and envision future applications.
Emissive covalent organic frameworks with abundant interaction sites for hydrazine sensing
Authors: Zhang Yuwei , Xing Ce , Tian Zhibin , Zhao Wanyi , Zhi Yongfeng , Zhao Lina , Li He
Published: September 2024

Two emissive hydrazone-linked COFs with abundance of interaction sites were synthesized, showing high sensitivity and selectivity for hydrazine sensing.
Photoredox copper-catalyzed regioselective syntheses of allenols via HAT-mediated propargyl radical generation
Authors: Li Wenyao , Yu Hao , Ma Shengming
Published: September 2024

Here, we report a photoredox/Cu dual catalysis protocol for the highly selective syntheses of tri- and tetra-substituted allenols proceeding through propargylic/allenylic radicals.
Interaction mechanism of Al2O3 abrasive in tantalum chemical mechanical polishing
Authors: Lei Rui , Jiang Liang , Zhang Honglin , Chen Yushan , Zheng Jiaxin , Sun Junhui , Zhao Qijian , Qian Linmao
Published: September 2024

When Al2O3 slides on the tantalum surface, tribochemical reactions occur, forming chemical bond of Al–O–Ta. As Al2O3 moves, the bond is stretched and tantalum is detached. The findings provide mechanistic insight of Al2O3 abrasive in tantalum CMP.
The effect of polarity and hydrogen bonding on the electronic and vibrational structure of the salicylate anion in acetonitrile and water: implicit and explicit solvation approaches
Authors: Mall Bishen Siddharth , Adhikari Meena , Pokharia Sandeep , Mishra Hirdyesh
Published: September 2024

This study uses computational models to explore how solvent polarity and hydrogen bonding affect sodium salicylate anion in acetonitrile and water to investigate their impact on enol–keto stabilization and ESIPT fluorescence quenching.
FeBr3-catalysed synthesis of 3-aroylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and 3,3′-(arylmethylene)bis(2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines) derivatives from 2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and aromatic aldehydes: an investigation about mechanistic insights
Authors: Hung Tran Quang , Phuc Ban Van , Nguyen Mai Phuong , Tran Tuan Linh , Do Dang Van , Nguyen Ha Thanh , Nguyen Van Tuyen , Nguyen Hien , Dang Tuan Thanh
Published: September 2024

FeBr3-catalysed synthesis of either 3-aroylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines or 3,3′-(arylmethylene)bis(2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines) derivatives from the same starting materials such as 2-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and aromatic aldehydes were reported.
Synthesis of polyaniline-coated composite anion exchange membranes based on polyacrylonitrile for the separation of tartaric acid via electrodialysis
Authors: Khurram  , Ghaffar Abdul , Zulfiqar Sonia , Khan Muzzamil , Latif Muhammad , Cochran Eric W.
Published: September 2024

The separation and purification of tartaric acid are essential in food and pharmaceuticals due to its roles as a chiral catalyst, antioxidant, and stabilizer, ensuring product quality and efficiency in these industries.
Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with surface-modified silica studied by ultra-high frequency acoustic wave biosensor
Authors: Franier Brian De La , Thompson Michael
Published: September 2024

In this work the bacteria S. aureus and fungi C. albicans were allowed to interact with quartz-based biosensor devices under different flow rates. The anti-fouling MEG-OH coating was able to reduce the fouling observed from the microorganisms.
Single GC base pair recognition by a heterocyclic diamidine: structures, affinities, and dynamics
Authors: Ogbonna Edwin N. , Terrell J Ross , Paul Ananya , Farahat Abdelbasset A. , Poon Gregory M. K. , Boykin David W. , Wilson W. David
Published: September 2024

The heterocylic diamidine DB2447 recognizes a single GC base pair in the minor groove of a mixed DNA sequence. The DNA is stabilized by a PU.1 protein bound to the major groove.
Photobiocatalytic CO2 reduction into CO by organic nanorod-carbon monoxide dehydrogenase assemblies: surfactant matters
Authors: Pavliuk Mariia V. , Böhm Maximilian , Wilhelmsen Janna , Hardt Steffen , Land Henrik , Tian Haining
Published: September 2024

Organic nanorods have been prepared to be assembled with carbon monoxide dehydrogenase for photobiocatalytic CO2 reduction. The surfactants used to synthesize organic nanorods have shown significant effect on the performance of biohybrid assemblies.
Electron, hole, and energy transfer dynamics in non-fullerene small-molecule acceptors
Authors: Ran Guangliu , Zhuang Bo , Huang Jiulong , Lu Hao , Liu Yahui , Bo Zhishan , Gai Feng , Zhang Wenkai
Published: September 2024

Creation of free charge carriers or charge separation (CS) is a key event in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. We report the dynamics and mechanisms of CS in OPV thin films and provide direct evidence that CS can occur when the underlying driving force is nearly zero.
Highly efficient circularly polarized electroluminescence based on chiral manganese(ii) complexes
Authors: Kong De-Hao , Wu Yue , Shi Cui-Mi , Zeng Hao , Xu Liang-Jin , Chen Zhong-Ning
Published: September 2024

Eco-friendly chiral Mn complexes with Binapo ligands show red CPL (glum = 5.1 × 10−3) and efficient (EQE > 4% and gEL = −8.5 × 10−3), outperforming many Pt and Ir-based devices, paving the way for sustainable materials.
An anthracene-containing crown ether: synthesis, host–guest properties and modulation of solid state luminescence
Authors: Zhu Weijie , Zhao Bohan , Fang Shuai , Zhu Huangtianzhi , Huang Feihe
Published: September 2024

We explore solid state mechanochromism and vapochromism of an anthracene-bearing crown ether and its host–guest co-crystals that can be used for smart luminescent materials and sensing of volatile organic compounds.
Recent advances in neurotechnology-based biohybrid robots
Authors: Chen Guiyong , Dang Dan , Zhang Chuang , Qin Ling , Yan Tao , Wang Wenxue , Liang Wenfeng
Published: September 2024

This review aims to show the evolution of biohybrid robots, their key technologies, applications, and challenges. We believe that multimodal monitoring and stimulation technologies holds the potential to enhance the performance of biohybrid robots.