bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of strategies for thematic publishing in medical journals
Authors: Zhao Liying , Wang Junting
Published: December 2024

Thematic publishing is a major form of implementing the will of the state and serving the national development strategy. It is the mission and responsibility of medical journals to do a solid job in promoting thematic publishing. In order to promote the development of health care, the Chinese Journal of Practical Stomatology has been deeply engaged in creating quality products about thematic publishing. The article "History, Present Status and Future Developmental Trend of Oral Health Science Integrated Humanity in China—By Review of One Century′s Advances in Dental Prevention at the Nationwide Basis" was awarded as an excellent achievement in thematic publishing. The article summarizes the experience of thematic publishing in the Chinese Journal of Practical Stomatology and analyzes it in terms of clarifying the direction of thematic publishing, deepening the content of thematic publishing, and expanding the publicity of thematic publishing, providing a reference for medical journals to improve the quality and effectiveness of thematic publishing.
Planning major national strategic topics for science and technology journals: Practice and reflection
Authors: Wang Lina
Published: December 2024

Background: This study was aimed at exploring effective methods for scientific and technological journals to serve national innovation-driven development. It also examined major strategic demands in this respect and their effects on journal quality and influence. Methods: This study identified topics related to major national requirements and development strategies for science and technology from special issues planned and published in the Science  & Technology Review, such as "Suggestions for the 14th Five-Year Plan" and "Strategic Scientists". Particular focus was directed to the effects and achievements of "Suggestions for the 14th Five-Year Plan", which were examined on the basis of data from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and other sources. Results: By pinpointing key time points for publication and focusing on major national strategic plans and requirements for science and technology, it is possible to attract leading experts in academia to independently or comprehensively participate in writing articles for journals. Such endeavors not only provide intellectual support for national innovation and development but also significantly increase the citation frequencies, download volumes, new media reading volumes, and reposting rates of journals. Conclusion: Focusing on major national strategic planning is integral to serving national innovation-driven development, promoting the development of disciplines, and cultivating excellent scientific talents. It also effectively improves the academic quality and social influence of scientific and technological journals.
SABERES PLURAIS
Authors: Toassi Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti
Published: December 2024

Descrição do editorial: O editorial do segundo número de 2024 da Saberes Plurais descreve os momentos apresentados pelo periódico ao longo do ano – autoavaliação, planejamento e ação. De 2016 a 2024, o periódico ganhou formas arquitetônicas-estruturantes mais maduras, o que se expressa na qualidade e diversidade de suas publicações, comissão editorial e grupo de revisores. 2025 traz a perspectiva da continuidade dos avanços em movimentos permanentes de renovação-ação-colaboração.
Evaluasi Efektivitas Perencanaan Pusat-Daerah Terkait Pembangunan Bidang Lingkungan Hidup Berbasis Anggaran Dana Alokasi Khusus
Authors: Pambudi Andi Setyo
Published: December 2024

Pembangunan berkelanjutan dengan fokus pada isu lingkungan hidup menjadi target pemerintah pusat maupun daerah. Perencanaan dan pendanaan isu ini idealnya memerlukan harmonisasi dan implementasi penyelarasan top-down dan bottom-up. Kelalaian dari sisi daerah sering menimbulkan berbagai kendala dalam implementasinya, yang tentunya menimbulkan inefisiensi. Alokasi dan penyaluran penganggaran melalui dana transfer khusus untuk isu lingkungan hidup menarik untuk dielaborasi dengan memperhatikan keberlanjutan kebijakan dan manfaat yang diharapkan. Analisis implementasi dukungan pendanaan pemerintah terhadap pembangunan prioritas nasional terkait sektor lingkungan hidup di daerah menarik untuk dielaborasi lebih dalam guna memberikan informasi tentang pengendalian strategis dan integrasi pembangunan ke depan. Elaborasi lebih lanjut ini sejalan dengan pemulihan ekonomi nasional pasca pandemi COVID-19 yang telah menjadi perhatian banyak pihak. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis adalah pendekatan mixed method melalui telaah dokumen dan diskusi terbatas (FGD) dengan para pemangku kepentingan di tingkat pusat-daerah, serta melalui metode survei daring. Tinjauan dokumen meliputi seluruh dokumen perencanaan di tingkat pusat dan daerah untuk menjaring kebijakan Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) Fisik Tahun 2021 Bidang Lingkungan Hidup, menganalisis penyaluran anggaran, dan menganalisis keselarasan perencanaan/pendanaan pusat-daerah dalam hal dokumen perencanaan. Metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan kuesioner daring digunakan untuk menjaring permasalahan di lapangan. Hasil yang diharapkan dalam analisis berbasis evaluasi ini dapat memberikan rekomendasi sesuai dengan kondisi aktual di daerah sebagai pelaksana dana ini.
Pola Spasial Aksesibilitas Fasilitas Publik Kota Pekalongan: Pendekatan Grid dan Machine Learning
Authors: Apriliawan Yohanes Eki
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini menganalisis pola aksesibilitas infrastruktur di Kota Pekalongan menggunakan pendekatan berbasis grid dan metode pembelajaran mesin. Dengan mengintegrasikan data dari BPS, OpenStreetMap, dan ESRI 2023, penelitian ini menggunakan unit analisis grid 100m × 100m untuk mengukur aksesibilitas ke fasilitas publik seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, dan perdagangan. Analisis menggunakan tiga metode pengelompokan (K-Means, Bisecting K-Means, dan Agglomerative) mengidentifikasi tiga pola aksesibilitas yang khas. Klaster pertama (40,29%) menunjukkan aksesibilitas optimal dengan kepadatan jalan yang tinggi, terutama di pusat kota. Klaster kedua (31,64%) menunjukkan aksesibilitas sedang, mencirikan daerah transisi. Klaster ketiga (32,90%) menunjukkan aksesibilitas terendah, terutama di wilayah selatan dan pesisir. Pemodelan pembelajaran mesin menggunakan Catboost mencapai akurasi tertinggi dengan nilai logloss 0,0091, yang mengonfirmasi jarak ke fasilitas kesehatan dan komersial sebagai penentu utama aksesibilitas. Temuan ini memberikan landasan empiris untuk pengembangan infrastruktur yang lebih terarah, dengan rekomendasi kebijakan yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik masing-masing klaster. Metodologi yang dikembangkan menawarkan pendekatan baru untuk analisis aksesibilitas perkotaan yang dapat direplikasi di kota-kota lain dengan karakteristik serupa.
ROLE OF INTERNAL COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF AL-QALAM UNIVERSITY KATSINA
Authors:   Federal University Gusau, Zamfara State, Abuabdin Abubakar Abdulkadir , Ibrahim Bello ,   Al-QalamUniversity Katsina, Katsina
Published: December 2024

Background: Managerial communication significantly influences employee participation by enhancing organizational identification, job satisfaction, motivation, commitment, and performance, even in Al-Qalam University Katsina’s multicultural and developing context. Aims: This study examines the impact of communication strategies on employee engagement, employing Self-Determination Theory, Job Demands-Resources Theory, Social Exchange Theory, and Communication Satisfaction Theory. Methods: A qualitative design was used, focusing on a pluriphonic analysis of existing literature. The study utilized Al-Qalam University as a case to analyze feedback systems, cultural intensity, and openness, without direct data collection. Sample: A comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather academic insights into communication issues and solutions in organization-focused communication within multicultural settings. Results: Key barriers identified include organizational culture, political barriers, and cultural differences. Effective communication strategies, such as decentralized communication, culturally appropriate training, and robust feedback mechanisms, enhance motivation by fulfilling the psychological needs of autonomy, mastery, and relatedness under the Self-Determination Theory. Conclusion: Employee engagement emerges as a product of managerial communication, particularly where decentralized communication, culturally tailored training, and optimal feedback systems are implemented. Implications: The findings underscore the importance of internal communication as an engagement strategy, with implications for multinational organizations and providing a theoretical basis for future empirical research.
PEMETAAN LAND USE SKALA DESA DENGAN ALAT GPS BERBASIS GEODETIK
Authors: HARIYAMI DIAH , Indradewi Diah , Toima Ardianus
Published: December 2024

Dalam disiplin ilmu teknik sipil khususnya pengukuran dan pemetaan ada banyak hal yang harus diketahui untuk menjadi seorang surveyor juru ukur yang mendalami tentang pemetaan wilayah. Disamping harus mengetahui tentang regulasi pemerintah terhadap pengukuran yang dilakukan, dengan penggunaan alat ukur serta teknik pengelolaan data ukur yang diperoleh dari hasil pengukuran sangatlah penting, seiring perkembangan zaman dunia digital mulai mengembangkan jenis alat ukur yang lebih canggih dan moderen dengan ketelitian pembacaan alatnya mencapai anggka koreksi mm. Dengan melihat potensi yang luar biasa ini membuat penulis termotivasi untuk melakukan penelitian pemetaan land use, tujuannya adalah menghasilkan peta situasi (eksisting) dalam bentuk digital. Ditunjang dengan alat ukur GPS berbasis Geodetik, data ukur yang dihasilkan sangatlah akurat dan merupakan jenis alat ukur terbaik dibandingkan GPS Handheld. Dari hasil penelitian penulis dapat mampu memetakan desa yang menjadi obyek pengukuran dengan luasan wilayah + 4.587.201,672 m2 dengan total 894 bidang lahan, dengan rincian jumlah bidang lahan M = 155 bidang, K4 = 171 bidang, dan lahan terukur = 568 bidang. Tidak hanya itu dengan pemetaan Land Use ini peneliti dapat memetakan dari hasil pengukuran yaitu jalan provinsi dengan panjang jalan + 807,48 meter, jalan dalam desa + 4.070,55 meter, saluran drainase + 8.842,71 meter, jalan kantong produksi + 5.774,82 meter, dan panjang sungai + 11.291,32 meter dengan tingkat keakuratan pembacaan alat yaitu fixed maupun float.
Khảo sát đặc điểm trẻ viêm phổi có huyết thanh chẩn đoán Mycoplasma pneumoniae dương tính tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2
Authors: Tiên Nguyễn Thị Thủy , Quỳnh Nguyễn Trần Ngọc , Linh Nguyễn Thị Thu , Thịnh Nguyễn Quốc Huy , Trâm Bùi Thảo
Published: December 2024

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) là tác nhân gây viêm phổi thường gặp ở trẻ em. Chẩn đoán bằng PCR có độ nhạy cao nhưng không phải luôn có sẵn nên huyết thanh đang được sử dụng thay thế. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát đặc điểm trẻ viêm phổi có IgM M. pneumoniae dương tính tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2 trong 3 tháng cuối năm 2023, ghi nhận 65 trẻ thỏa tiêu chuẩn nhận vào nghiên cứu. Kết quả cho thấy độ tuổi tập trung trong khoảng 3 tuổi đến 12 tuổi, không có sự chênh lệch về giới tính. Trẻ có triệu chứng ho (87,7 %), sốt (75,4 %) và triệu chứng tiêu hóa như buồn nôn, nôn cũng thường gặp (33,9 %). Khi thăm khám, 87,7 % trẻ có rale ẩm ở phổi. Không ghi nhận bất thường số lượng bạch cầu nhưng CRP > 20 mg/L lại gặp ở hơn ½ dân số (55,4 %), tổn thương X-Quang ghi nhận tổn thương ở thùy dưới phổi phải (40 %), siêu âm màng phổi ghi nhận hình ảnh đông đặc nhu mô phổi ở 60 % trẻ. Macrolide và cephalosporin thế hệ 3 thường sử dụng để điều trị ban đầu, sau đó 15,4 % trẻ được chuyển sang levofloxacin. Thời gian nằm viện trung bình là (9 ± 4,95) ngày và 100 % trẻ thuyên giảm bệnh khi xuất viện, không có tử vong trong lô nghiên cứu.
Analysis of Existing Research on Crack Detection Using Image Processing, Deep Learning, and Machine Learning
Authors: Desai Ms. Kruti , Buch Dr. Sanjay , Desai Dr. Jaynesh
Published: December 2024

Crack detection plays a vital role in ensuring the structural integrity of various infrastructures, including roads, bridges, and pipelines. Manual inspection methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to error. Recent advances in image processing, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) have facilitated the development of automated systems that can efficiently detect cracks with high precision. This paper presents an extensive review of the state-of-the-art methods used for crack detection through these technologies, highlighting their strengths, limitations, and future research directions.
Crack detection is an important task in many fields, such as infrastructure inspection and maintenance. Cracks can indicate structural damage and pose safety hazards. Automating crack detection using image processing techniques has gained popularity due to its speed and cost-effectiveness compared to manual inspection methods (Bhat et al., 2020).
Traditional methods often rely on manual feature engineering, which can be time-consuming and may not generalize well to different crack types and backgrounds. However, recent advances in deep learning, particularly convolutional neural networks, have shown promising results in automating crack detection (Fei et al., 2023). CNNs can automatically learn hierarchical features from images, making them suitable for detecting cracks with varying shapes, sizes, and textures.
Despite the progress, challenges remain in crack detection, such as accurately detecting thin cracks with sub-pixel widths (Pushing the Envelope of Thin Crack Detection, 2021), handling intensity inhomogeneity, and distinguishing cracks from noise and other background clutter (CrackFormer: Transformer Network for Fine-Grained Crack Detection, 2021). Researchers are actively developing more robust and accurate crack detection algorithms using advanced deep learning architectures like Transformers (CrackFormer: Transformer Network for Fine-Grained Crack Detection, 2021) to address these challenges.
Preparation and Evaluation of Herbal Oral Gel Containing Extract of Psidium guajava Leaves for Mouth Ulcer
Authors: Raj Piyush , Sodiyal Neha , Patil Shivanand M.
Published: December 2024

Mouth ulcers are a common oral condition causing discomfort and pain, often interfering with daily activities like eating and speaking. Conventional treatments, such as synthetic gels and medications, can sometimes result in side effects or high costs, which has led to growing interest in natural and herbal alternatives. Herbal formulations are known for their safety, affordability, and effectiveness.
Psidium guajava (guava) leaves have been widely recognized in traditional medicine for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. Rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenols, guava leaves offer promising potential for the treatment of mouth ulcers. In this study, an herbal oral gel was prepared using guava leaf extract as the active ingredient. The gel was formulated with excipients like carbopol for gelling, glycerin as a humectant, and triethanolamine to adjust pH.
Evaluation of the gel focused on parameters such as pH, viscosity, spreadability, and stability. Additionally, antimicrobial activity was tested against oral pathogens, and wound-healing properties were assessed to determine the gel’s effectiveness. Results indicated that the herbal oral gel had suitable physical properties, stable formulation, significant antimicrobial activity, and accelerated wound-healing effects.
In conclusion, the guava leaf-based herbal gel offers an effective, safe, and affordable alternative for managing mouth ulcers, with the potential to replace synthetic treatments. Further clinical studies could confirm its efficacy and facilitate its large-scale production for broader use.
Illuminating Biofilm Formation and Pathogen Persistence in Household Refrigerators: Evidence from Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Soomro Rimsha , Shaista Urooj  , Zulfiqar Ali Mirani  , Noor-ul-Huda  , Shagufta Naz  , Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar  , Anila Sidiqui  , Khoshhall Asadullah , Mohammad Naseem Khan  , Abdul Basit Khan  , Soomro Tahira , Yasir Raza
Published: December 2024

In the modern household, refrigerators play a central role in preserving food freshness. However, the microbial landscape within these appliances, particularly the formation of biofilms, remains a significant concern for food safety and hygiene. This study investigated biofilm formation in household refrigerator environments to understand the potential risks associated with microorganisms and their implications for food safety. The study was conducted by examining a total of 80 refrigerators of residents of Karachi, over a 15-day period. employing rigorous methodologies to assess optical density (OD), Colony Forming Units (CFU/cm²), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to uncover bacterial species' abilities to develop biofilms. Results revealed that 12 out of the 80 slides displayed positive biofilm formation based on both OD and CFU criteria. Strong biofilm producers encompassed Acinetobacter, Listeria, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, Bacillus, Salmonella, and others. Notably, P. aeruginosa was a common component across different biofilm categories. In vitro studies on individual isolates further confirmed biofilm-forming capabilities. P. aeruginosa isolates exhibited strong biofilm formation, while E. coli isolates displayed weak capabilities. Enterococci isolates generally formed weak to moderate biofilms. In summary, our study reveals the prevalence of biofilm formation in household refrigerators, with significant microbial risks posed by species like P. aeruginosa. These findings underscore the importance of stringent hygiene practices for ensuring food safety at home.
Prevalence and Distribution of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Occurrence Among Schoolchildren in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Zaheer Marium , Anwar Ali
Published: December 2024

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by fibrosis of the oral mucosa, leading to restricted mouth opening and potentially malignant transformation. While traditionally more prevalent among adults in South Asian countries, recent studies have shown an alarming increase in OSF cases among children, particularly in urban areas like Karachi, Pakistan. This study was approved by the ethical committee board of Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi. The aim was to assess the geographical distribution of OSF cases among school-going children in Karachi, Pakistan, and identify potential risk factors associated with the disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-going children aged 5-16 years in Karachi. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select schools from different geographical regions of the city. After verbal and written consent from students and school authorities, children were examined for clinical signs of OSF, including reduced mouth opening, palpable fibrous bands, and mucosal stiffness. Demographic data, dietary habits, oral hygiene practices, and exposure to risk factors such as areca nut and tobacco use were recorded through a structured questionnaire. An alarming prevalence of 0.7% of OSF was found among small children which is unexpected for a disease that is potentially malignant and previously found only in adults. The most affected areas in Karachi were Saddar and Liaqatabad town. Government school children were mostly affected. This study concluded that the prevalence of OSF was high in the group of schoolchildren and the sale of commercial preparation of areca nut may play a part in this increase. The town-wise pathology split shows the area of Gadap and Liaqatabad town should be targeted for intervention strategies followed by other towns in Karachi. This is crucial for effective public health interventions aimed at reducing the burden of this potentially debilitating disease among school-going children in Karachi.
A Sensitive and Specific Analytical Method for Determination of Diclofenac Sodium Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Akhlaq Muhammad , Saeed Humera , Habib Rukhshanda
Published: December 2024

Diclofenac Sodium (DCL-Na) is a widely prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and gout. This study aims to develop and validate a simple, precise, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantifying DCL-Na in pharmaceutical formulations. The method utilizes a Supelcosil C-18 column with a mobile phase consisting of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and acetonitrile. The method validation follows International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines, evaluating precision, accuracy, specificity, linearity, and range parameters. The developed method demonstrated excellent linearity with an R² value of 0.9996 over a concentration range of 5-50 μg/ml, and the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were found to be 6.634 μg/ml and 22.114 μg/ml, respectively. Intraday and interday precision tests showed relative standard deviations (% RSD) well within acceptable ranges. The method's practical applicability was confirmed through the analysis of controlled-release tablets, which showed a release of approximately 80% of DCL-Na after 20 hours. This validated HPLC method is suitable for routine quality control of DCL-Na in pharmaceutical products.
Polymeric Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Oncolytic Measles Virus for Targeted Therapy in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Ahmed Hoorian , Ahmed Tahreem , Muskan Aatika , Badar Laraib , Naseer Faiza
Published: December 2024

In the current study, a live attenuated oral measles virus (OMV) strain was utilized to create a polymeric, ligand-based nanoformulation (NF) aimed at improving cervical cancer treatment. 0.25 ml OMV was encapsulated within thiolated chitosan and coated with hyaluronic acid using ionic gelation. Characterization revealed a small particle size and cationic zeta potential. functional moieties in the NF were verified through FTIR and XRD. SEM analysis showed spherical, smooth particles with a crystalline nature. The virus exhibited a sustained release over 72 hours, and the titer was calculated at 2.98 × 10⁷ TCID50/ml, showing syncytia formation by day 5 post-infection. virus-encapsulated nanoparticles were tested against HeLa cells at varying multiplicities of infection (0.5 to 20), with IC50 values of 4.7 for OMV-NPs and 3.39 for the naked vaccine. Growth inhibition was observed after 3 days, confirmed by the cytotoxicity assay in cancer cells. This study concluded that the developed oncolytic measles virus nanoparticles provided effective, targeted, and sustained delivery, demonstrating significant anticancer potential at lower doses.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Docking and Biological Screening of Novel Chalcones and Their Pyrazoline Derivatives
Authors: Khan Sagheer
Published: December 2024

The novel chalcones and their pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized by the Claisen–Schmidt condensation method. The aim of the synthesis was their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. These compounds were characterized by FTIR technique and NMR (1H, 13C). The synthesized moieties were screened for their in vitro biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities. Among the synthesized compounds, 3b showed more promising antifungal activity, better than the standard fluconazole and cytotoxicity with LD50 (92.5 µg/mL). The second important compound was 5b with higher antioxidant potential with IC50 (90 µg/mL) and at the same time better antibacterial activity with MIC 20 μg. Molecular docking studies was performed to elucidate the molecular basis of the experimental inhibitory activities of new synthetic compounds. The calculated final docking energies for 3b, 4b and 5b against DNA gyrase were -7.6, -8.4 and -9.8 Kcal/mol, while against cytochrome P450 they were -10.3, -10.5 and -12.6 - respectively. The docking results showed that the ligand molecules can be a substrate binding region for the active site.
Genetic Polymorphism & Methotrexate Therapy Outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Staff Editorial
Published: December 2024

Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used as a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Genetic polymorphisms in key enzymes involved in MTX metabolism, such as methyl tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), have been studied for their potential impact on MTX therapy outcomes in early RA patients. Zhang et al investigated a population of 32 patients in East China with early RA fulfilling the diagnostic standards of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) was enrolled, and all of them received MTX monotherapy. Genotyping of patients MTHFR C677T and A1298C, MTRR A66G using tetra-primer ARMS-PCR method and Sanger sequencing to verify its accuracy. The distribution of the three polymorphic genotypes that were studied is in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium. The patient pathology variables smoking (OR = 0.088, P = 0.037), drinking alcohol (OR = 0.039, P = 0.016), and males (OR = 0.088, P = 0.037) were significantly associated with non-response to MTX. Genotype, allele distribution, and genetic statistical models were not found to be related to MTX treatment response and disease activity in both the response groups and non-response groups. Their findings suggest that the MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, and MTRR A66G polymorphisms may not predict MTX clinical treatment response and disease activity in patients with early RA. The study revealed that smoke, alcohol, and males were possible influential factors for MTX non-response. Pharmgenomics Pers Med. 2023 May 2;16:407-423.  doi: 10.2147/PGPM.S404949. eCollection 2023.
Genetic Polymorphism in CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 Genes and their Association with the Clinical Response to Calcineurin Inhibitors; A Narrative Review
Authors: Ibrahim Ahsan
Published: December 2024

Calcineurin inhibitors, including cyclosporine and tacrolimus, are the fundamental pillars of immunosuppressant therapy in patients with allogeneic transplants. Calcineurin inhibitors are mainly the substrates for the enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. The literature search in this review has affirmed that many SNPs located in the genes responsible for CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 expression are associated with influencing the pharmacokinetics of calcineurin inhibitors and eventually maneuvering their efficacy and toxicity profiles. CYP3A5 A6986G (rs776746) had an association with the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine and tacrolimus in transplant patients. The patients with the CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) allele had higher initial plasma concentrations of cyclosporine and tacrolimus, while those with the CYP3A5*1 (rs776746) allele had higher oral clearance of both drugs, resulting in lower initial plasma concentrations. More patient survival was also associated with the CYP3A5*1 genotype in the Caucasian population. Higher doses of cyclosporine were required in patients with allogeneic grafts carrying the CYP3A4*18B (rs28371759) allele in the Chinese population. In various other populations, it was revealed that therapeutic drug monitoring with calcineurin inhibitors was necessary in patients carrying the CYP3A4*1B (rs2740574) allele. CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) carrying individuals were more prone to tacrolimus toxicity. CYP3A5A44G also affected the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of tacrolimus in Asian, white, and other populations. Many of these SNPs manifested no associations in numerous populations. Many confounding factors may have canceled out these associations. More studies are required to explore the effects of these SNPs on larger samples in order to validate these findings. Attempts should also be made to discover novel SNPs in these genes to find out more associations that can influence the overall clinical response to calcineurin inhibitors in transplant patients.
Molecular Docking & In Silico ADME Analysis of 5-O-Methyl-11-O-Acetylalkannin
Authors: Sardar Haseeba , Shareef Usman , Khan Haroon
Published: December 2024

In the early phases of drug development, prediction of pharmacokinetic parameters including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME), before synthesis may be helpful in the selection of candidates with less significant pharmacokinetic profiles. 5-O-methyl-11-O-acetylalkannin (MAA) is naphthoquinone isolated from the roots of Alkanna genus, Alkanna cappadocica. The aim of the present study is to predict the in silico ADME study of MAA using web tool called SwissADME. The 2D structure of the compound was drawn on Chemdraw Ultra version 8.0. The colored zone represents the optimal physicochemical region for oral bioavailability, according to the bioavailability radar, which takes into account the characteristics of flexibility, lipophilicity, saturation, size, polarity, and solubility. The pharmacokinetic properties were analyzed using the boiled egg model. The yolk-colored yellow component has a high chance of entering the brain, whereas the white portion has a high chance of being passively absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. The study concluded that MAA did not violate the recommended ranges for Lipinski’s rule of five, rotational bond count, and Topological Polar Surface Area (TPSA). MAA also showed moderate lipophilicity and good water solubility. It did not act as a substrate for P-glycoprotein. MAA displayed a potential to inhibit CYP1A2, CYP2C19, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4. Besides that, MAA exhibited no action against CYP2D6. It exhibited a uniform and good bioavailability score of 0.55 (55%) with high gastrointestinal (GI) absorption capabilities. Additionally, the Synthetic Accessibility score of the MAA represented easy-step reactions of synthesis. MAA does not violate any of the five drug-likeness parameters including Lipinski, Muegge, Ghose, Veber, and Egan rules. As a result, MAA could be considered a promising molecule in drug discovery. Moreover, the molecular docking analysis showed the formation of a stable protein ligand complex between TNFα and the ligand molecule.
Different faces of autism: Patients with mutations in PTEN and FMR1 genes
Authors: Gorlewicz Adam , Kanpska Ewelina
Published: December 2024

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is among the most common neurodevelopmental conditions in humans. While public awareness of the challenges faced by individuals with autism is steadily increasing, the underlying causes of abnormalities observed in ASD remains incompletely understood. The autism spectrum is notably broad, with symptoms that can manifest in various forms and degrees of severity. Core features of ASD, such as communication difficulties, impaired social interactions, and restricted patterns of behavior, interests, and activities, are often accompanied by other co‑occurring conditions, such as anxiety. ASD affects individuals regardless of gender, race, or ethnicity. Although we are currently unable to pinpoint a single definitive cause of autism, it is clear that genetics play a crucial role in its development. The first genes associated with an increased risk for ASD were discovered in rare monogenic disorders, such as fragile X syndrome (FXS), caused by mutations in the fragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene, and macrocephaly, linked to mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of ASD in patients with mutations in the FMR1 and PTEN genes.
La innovación: Retos de la educación superior en formación tecnológica
Authors: Castelo-Vinueza Edwin Manuel
Published: December 2024

El documento analiza cómo la tecnología puede fortalecer la gestión territorial y satisfacer las necesidades culturales y socioeconómicas de comunidades indígenas en el corredor Triple A, alineándose con el Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) 15. Utilizando un enfoque cualitativo y análisis documental, el estudio examina la implementación de tecnologías avanzadas, incluyendo drones y GPS, en la mejora de la vigilancia ambiental y toma de decisiones comunitarias. Los hallazgos muestran que el uso de estas herramientas ha optimizado significativamente el monitoreo territorial, promoviendo autonomía y gobernanza local, aunque persisten desafíos, como la falta de acceso a infraestructura y capacitación técnica adecuada. La integración tecnológica, respetando valores y saberes tradicionales, facilita la cohesión comunitaria y la protección ambiental. Sin embargo, el estudio destaca la necesidad de mayor apoyo institucional y recursos para consolidar estos avances y asegurar que las comunidades indígenas puedan gestionar sus territorios de manera sostenible y autónoma. En conclusión, se diseñó un programa tecnológico adaptado culturalmente que refuerza la gestión territorial en estas comunidades, contribuyendo a un desarrollo más justo y sustentable.
El acceso a la educación inicial: Deuda pendiente del estado ecuatoriano a niños y niñas de 3 a 5 años
Authors: Zambrano-Villacis Maura Graciela
Published: December 2024

El artículo analiza las barreras y retos actuales del acceso a la educación inicial en Ecuador para niños y niñas de 3 a 5 años, con un enfoque en la necesidad de un acceso equitativo y de calidad en este nivel educativo. A través de una revisión bibliográfica, el estudio explora factores que limitan el acceso a la educación temprana, tales como la falta de docentes capacitados, condiciones socioeconómicas adversas de las familias, desigualdad en la asignación de recursos y carencias en la infraestructura educativa, especialmente en zonas rurales y marginales. Los hallazgos destacan la urgente necesidad de implementar políticas públicas enfocadas en una asignación equitativa de recursos, la expansión de la infraestructura en áreas vulnerables, y el fortalecimiento de programas de capacitación docente. Además, se subraya la importancia de desarrollar campañas de concienciación y colaboración interinstitucional para promover el compromiso comunitario con la educación inicial. La conclusión enfatiza que, sin una inversión adecuada y políticas integrales, la educación inicial en Ecuador continuará enfrentando serias desigualdades, lo cual impacta negativamente en el desarrollo integral de la niñez y en la equidad social a largo plazo.
La efectividad del aprendizaje cooperativo en la asignatura de educación para la ciudadanía en secundaria.
Authors: Fajardo-Garcia Ledyn Melecio
Published: December 2024

El aprendizaje cooperativo se presenta como una metodología eficaz para la enseñanza de Educación para la Ciudadanía, promoviendo competencias cívicas, motivación intrínseca y participación activa de los estudiantes. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar su efectividad en el nivel secundario, mediante una revisión bibliográfica que incluyó 212 documentos obtenidos de Scopus y análisis en VOSviewer. La metodología cualitativa permitió identificar patrones y tendencias en la implementación del aprendizaje cooperativo, destacando mejoras significativas en el rendimiento académico y el desarrollo de valores democráticos. Los hallazgos resaltan que la interacción grupal fomenta la reflexión crítica, el respeto por la diversidad y la resolución de problemas en equipo, aunque enfrenta barreras como la falta de formación docente y la resistencia al cambio metodológico. La discusión enfatiza la necesidad de superar estas limitaciones a través de formación continua y apoyo institucional. En conclusión, el aprendizaje cooperativo no solo mejora los resultados académicos, sino que también contribuye a la formación de ciudadanos activos y responsables, consolidándose como una herramienta clave para una educación inclusiva y participativa.
Las TIC como herramienta para personalizar el aprendizaje en estudios sociales: una estrategia para mejorar el rendimiento académico.
Authors: Fuentes-Riquero Sandra Yadira
Published: December 2024

La investigación analiza el impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en la personalización del aprendizaje en estudios sociales, destacando su potencial para mejorar el rendimiento académico. Se enmarca en un enfoque cualitativo y exploratorio, con metodología documental basada en la revisión y síntesis de fuentes académicas recientes. Los resultados evidencian que las TIC permiten adaptar los contenidos a las necesidades individuales de los estudiantes, mejorando su rendimiento y fomentando una mayor motivación mediante herramientas interactivas. No obstante, se identifican desafíos importantes, como las brechas de acceso a tecnología y la insuficiente formación docente, que limitan su efectividad. Además, problemas como la distracción digital y la sobrecarga de información subrayan la necesidad de estrategias pedagógicas orientadas al desarrollo de habilidades críticas. En la discusión se destaca la importancia de un enfoque integral que aborde estos desafíos mediante inversión tecnológica, formación continua y alfabetización digital. En conclusión, las TIC constituyen una herramienta valiosa para transformar la educación, siempre que su implementación sea acompañada por políticas inclusivas y prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras que garanticen su aprovechamiento pleno.
Estrategias metodológicas dentro del aula de clases en niños con disfemia
Authors: Arias-Macias Lissette Estefanía
Published: December 2024

La disfemia es un trastorno de la fluidez del habla que afecta significativamente el desarrollo académico y social de los niños. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar estrategias metodológicas aplicadas en el aula que promuevan la participación verbal y el bienestar emocional de estos estudiantes. Se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo y exploratorio mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura científica en bases de datos como Scopus y Web of Science. Se identificaron actividades grupales, como juegos de roles, y ajustes curriculares individualizados como herramientas clave para mejorar la fluidez verbal y reducir la ansiedad. Los hallazgos resaltan la efectividad de enfoques colaborativos entre docentes, terapeutas y familias, así como la importancia de entornos inclusivos para fortalecer la autoestima y el rendimiento académico. Sin embargo, se identifican desafíos relacionados con la limitada formación docente y la falta de recursos en las escuelas. En conclusión, las estrategias pedagógicas y curriculares, junto con una colaboración interdisciplinaria, son esenciales para una educación inclusiva efectiva, destacando la necesidad de políticas que prioricen la capacitación docente y la inclusión de recursos adecuados.
La didáctica basada en proyectos en el desarrollo de competencias técnicas y transversales en la educación técnica y tecnológica
Authors: Aguas-Diaz Christian Javier
Published: December 2024

La Didáctica Basada en Proyectos (DBP) constituye un enfoque innovador en la educación técnica y tecnológica, diseñado para cerrar la brecha entre la teoría y la práctica mediante el desarrollo de competencias técnicas y transversales. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la efectividad de la DBP, explorando su impacto en el aprendizaje y los desafíos asociados con su implementación. La investigación, de carácter exploratorio y documental, se basó en una revisión exhaustiva de literatura publicada entre 2000 y 2023 en bases de datos indexadas, empleando análisis cualitativo para identificar patrones y hallazgos clave. Los resultados destacan que la DBP mejora significativamente las competencias técnicas al facilitar la aplicación práctica del conocimiento y fomentar la innovación. Asimismo, fortalece habilidades transversales como el trabajo en equipo, la comunicación y el pensamiento crítico, esenciales en contextos laborales dinámicos. Sin embargo, se identifican barreras como la falta de formación docente, la escasez de recursos tecnológicos y las limitaciones en la evaluación de competencias. En conclusión, la DBP representa una herramienta valiosa para la educación contemporánea, siempre que se implementen estrategias integrales para superar sus desafíos estructurales y metodológicos.
Metodologías innovadoras en la enseñanza del lenguaje: un estudio de caso en escuelas de educación básica
Authors: Rosero-Cárdenas William Iván , Oña-Loja Diego Fernando , González-Cabrera Elsa Ubaldina , Jaya-Ruiz Gina Margareth , Oña-Loja Daniel Vinicio , Vera-Cusme Jonathan José
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio analiza la implementación de metodologías innovadoras en la enseñanza del lenguaje en la educación básica, destacando su impacto en la motivación estudiantil, las competencias lingüísticas, el aprendizaje autónomo y la inclusión de la diversidad cultural. Mediante una revisión bibliográfica de estudios recientes indexados en Scopus y Web of Science, se identificaron enfoques como la gamificación, el aprendizaje basado en proyectos y el aula invertida, que favorecen una enseñanza centrada en el estudiante. Estas estrategias han demostrado aumentar el compromiso y la motivación al conectar los contenidos educativos con experiencias significativas y dinámicas. Asimismo, se observó que el uso de tecnologías educativas y prácticas inclusivas, como el translanguaging, mejora las competencias lingüísticas y fomenta la equidad en el aula. No obstante, la adopción de estas metodologías enfrenta retos significativos, como la falta de formación docente, desigualdades en el acceso a recursos tecnológicos y la resistencia al cambio educativo. A pesar de estas barreras, el estudio concluye que estas prácticas representan una oportunidad crucial para transformar la enseñanza del lenguaje, siempre que se aborden de manera estratégica los desafíos estructurales y culturales asociados.
La proporcionalidad de las sanciones administrativas en el sistema educativo ecuatoriano.
Authors: Sarmiento Sarmiento Kleber Efrain , Suarez Venegas Ramiro Javier
Published: December 2024

En el presente artículo se analiza la aplicación del principio de proporcionalidad en la imposición de sanciones administrativas en el sistema Educativo Ecuatoriano a funcionarios que se encuentran sujetos a los procedimientos administrativos sancionadores que contempla la Ley Orgánica de Educación Intercultural y su Reglamento General, la importancia de este estudio recae en el particular de que nuestro ordenamiento constitucional reconoce el principio de proporcionalidad como parte de las garantías del debido proceso, lo que constituye un mandato de optimización en relación a la emisión de sanciones justas que se encuentren acorde al acto cometido, lo que quieres decir, que toda sanción desmedida contraviene el derecho al debido proceso en su garantía de la proporcionalidad, en este contexto, a través de la metodología de investigación cualitativa y de la técnica de recopilación documental, se consiguió abordar el estudio de la proporcionalidad desde sus diferentes aristas y conjeturas, donde la proporcionalidad ha sido vista como un medio de racionalización que a través de la ponderación permite analizar el hecho cometido frente al daño causado y por consiguiente determinar la aplicación correcta de la sanción que se encuentre acorde al daño infringido, concluyendo, que la naturaleza jurídica de este principio es regular el poder punitivo estatal impidiendo que las sanciones y las penas desborden de lo racional, no obstante, a diferencia de otras materias para el Derecho Administrativo, este principio puede volverse obsoleto, en virtud de que la administración a través de sus entes con potestad coercitiva se limitan únicamente a la aplicación de la ley, lo que significa que si la medida adoptada como castigo supera el acto que se sanciona, la única vía es la aplicación de la normativa sin la posibilidad de ningún tipo de interpretación.
Estilos de amor y tendencia a la infidelidad en estudiantes universitarios.
Authors: Ortega-Salguero Scarlet , Gavilanes-Gómez Daniel
Published: December 2024

Los estilos de amor son una ideología adquirida que establece las normas apropiadas en el amor, orienta las actitudes y conductas en este contexto. Por otro lado, la infidelidad es un problema social que contradice los ideales y normas de la sociedad. Esta investigación estudió los estilos de amor y tendencia a la infidelidad en estudiantes universitarios (N=407), integrada por 122 hombres y 285 mujeres. El modelo de la investigación utilizado fue cuantitativo, con un diseño descriptivo y correlacional. Los instrumentos empleados fueron la “Escala de Estilos de Amor” y el “Cuestionario de Tendencias a la Infidelidad (T-IFD)”. La correlación entre las variables de estudio fue positiva baja en los estilos de amor Ludus, Storge, Manía y Ágape, mientras que con Eros y Pragma no existió correlación. Además, se evidenció una prevalencia en el nivel alto de los estilos: Eros y Ludus. En cuanto, a la variable de tendencia a la infidelidad, se observó que el 60.4% de la muestra presenta un nivel medio de tendencia a la infidelidad. De acuerdo a la media obtenida los hombres presentaron mayor tendencia a la infidelidad en comparación con las mujeres en la población estudiada.
Influencia de las micorrizas arbusculares en la calidad ambiental del suelo de plantaciones de cacao bajo diferentes esquemas de fertilización.
Authors: Prieto Benavides Oscar Oswaldo , Kaiser Flores Annelys Jamilexy , Kaiser Flores Berenice Jurley , Pilozo Jimenez Kerly Katiuska , Hernández Cajas José Darío
Published: December 2024

Este estudio evaluó la calidad ambiental del suelo en seis fincas cacaoteras de la provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador, enfocándose en las características fisicoquímicas del suelo y la ecología de las micorrizas arbusculares como bioindicadores. Se recolectaron 60 muestras de suelo y raíces para determinar las propiedades fisicoquímicas e identificar las micorrizas arbusculares presentes. Los métodos estadísticos empleados incluyeron análisis descriptivos, inferenciales para evaluar la influencia de la fertilización en los parámetros ecológicos de las micorrizas, y multivariados para correlacionar las características del suelo con la ecología de las micorrizas. Los resultados mostraron que la riqueza de especies de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) no variaba significativamente entre fincas con y sin fertilización (p: 0.9936), y que los suelos fertilizados presentaron mayor dominancia de ciertos géneros de hongos. La matriz de Leopold reveló que las actividades con mayor impacto ambiental negativo incluían la preparación del terreno y la aplicación de productos fitosanitarios, mientras que la generación de empleo fue el aspecto ambiental más significativo. Este estudio demuestra que las prácticas agrícolas en las fincas cacaoteras afectan tanto positiva como negativamente la biodiversidad del suelo, alterando la riqueza y diversidad de microorganismos benéficos como los HMA.
Análisis de la Auditoría Interna y su Impacto en la Gestión de Inventarios en Devies Corp. S.A. durante el Periodo 2022-2023.
Authors: González Mejía Silvana Lissette , Martínez Calle Manuel Antonio , Freire Villamar Nelson Alberto , Ponce Flores Lady Juliana
Published: December 2024

Durante los años 2022 y 2023, Devies Corp. S.A. implementó auditorías internas como parte de su estrategia para garantizar la precisión y eficiencia en la gestión de inventarios. Este estudio analiza el impacto de dichas auditorías en los procesos operativos y logísticos, identificando tanto fortalezas como áreas de mejora. Se utilizó una metodología mixta, combinando análisis documental con encuestas al personal. Los resultados destacaron que la implementación de controles internos ha reducido discrepancias en registros y mejorado la toma de decisiones estratégicas, aunque persisten desafíos en la integración de procesos y capacitación del personal. Este análisis concluye que la auditoría interna es un instrumento clave para la optimización de recursos y la competitividad empresarial. Se recomienda fortalecer el uso de tecnologías avanzadas y fomentar una cultura organizacional alineada con las mejores prácticas de gestión de inventarios.