bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heutagogical-based mobile social media space
Authors: Ni Yuwei , Cochrane Thomas
Published: November 2024

This concise paper aims to propose a framework for enhancing intercultural communication competencies among Chinese as foreign language (CFL) learners using Heutagogical-based Mobile Social Media spaces. Integrating qualitative and quantitative data analysis with Activity Theory (AT) and the Design for Transformative Mobile Learning (DTML) framework, this study seeks to develop a potentially effective educational approach. By leveraging mobile social media, the envisioned framework intends to support autonomous learning and foster intercultural competencies among CFL learners.
Enhancing Clinical Education Training with Immersive Reality (XR)
Authors: Cochrane Thomas , Marriott Philippa , Mak Vivienne , Molloy Elizabeth , Sevigny Charles , Aiello Stephen , Sweeney Ronan , Vawser Tess , Linegar Dale , Allan Timothy , Mizuik Jen
Published: November 2024

A core element of clinical education is the observed structured clinical examination (OSCE) that simulates real-life clinical practice. These OSCEs can be enhanced through combining the best elements of emerging technologies in the design of enhanced simulation environments to prepare healthcare graduates for changing clinical practice as it integrates new and emerging technologies. New and emerging immersive reality (XR) headsets that allow digital enhancement of practice with real tools and procedures can be combined with haptic feedback such as a high-fidelity manikin within an interactive immersive room that can replicate a wide variety of real-world scenarios at the touch of a button. In this way XR can enhance authentic learning in clinical and first responder practice by enabling exposure to critical elements of clinical simulation in a safe, contextual learning environment that is cost effective and scalable compared to the expense of simulations involving actors and physical real-life sets. In response this concise paper introduces the development of a framework for enhanced simulation practice using the Blended Learning Simulation Suite (BLISS).
Level up
Authors: Mitchell Bruce , Co Mary Jesselyn
Published: November 2024

This study explores the impact of gamification on student engagement in a first-year Managerial Communication unit at a large Australian university. Gamified elements such as points and leaderboards were integrated into online and classroom activities, aiming to enhance academic, cognitive, social, and affective engagement. Using a quasi-experimental design, the study employed pre- and post- gamification surveys and thematic analysis of student reflections. Results indicated significant improvements in cognitive engagement and social engagement with teachers, with students reporting increased motivation and satisfaction. While academic and social engagement with peers showed no significant differences, qualitative data revealed that competition and rewards fostered a sense of achievement and collaboration. These findings align with existing literature, suggesting that gamification can create a more interactive and supportive learning environment. This study contributes to the growing evidence on the efficacy of gamification in education.
Reciprocal Teaching in tech with struggling university readers
Authors: Halpin Benjamin , Vanderburg Robert , Vanderburg Michelle
Published: November 2024

Reading comprehension is a skill that is crucial in everyday life, as it allows people to read critically and understand the various texts they encounter. Reading comprehension is not a skill that is actively taught or improved upon in most Western countries, despite its relative importance to everyday life. As a result, university readers struggle with comprehension skills, which can impact their employment prospects. The present study explores the initial implementation of a potential solution to this issue. This study will focus on Phase 1 of a larger project and will implement a qualitative methodology of reflexive journaling to reflect on the initial curriculum design, pedagogical practice, and technological challenges and evaluate the construction and implementation of an online learning platform designed to assist students in improving reading comprehension.
Reflections on Mentoring
Authors: Gribble Lynn , Nachatar Singh Jasvir , Barker Sandra
Published: November 2024

This reflective narrative explores the experiences of a mentoring group of three involved with the ASCILITE Women in Academic Leadership program (WiAL). It considers the difficulties and isolation which women in academe can face, specifically where their interests align with Technology Enhanced Learning. It demonstrates how support builds resilience to develop impact statements to enable recognition through promotion and awards. Through these accounts, the value of lived experience and shared interest underpins the success of the mentoring program and highlights how the lack of power structures can enhance mentoring outcomes.
Leadership in the Third Space
Authors: Whitechurch Scarlett , Hinze Meredith , Rokvic Benedicte , Kelly Oriel
Published: November 2024

In higher education, the third space can be defined as a place where blended professional and academic roles and skills overlap to achieve common goals which primarily focus on student outcomes. This liminal space can be challenging to lead in as third space areas are typically complex, with a great need for problem-solving and resourcefulness. Career pathways for third space leaders do not follow a straightforward or linear trajectory and fit-for-purpose training and education opportunities for these roles are scarce. Examples of third space environments are educational design, learning design, learning technology and quality assurance. This paper explores common leadership traits and super-powers (key strengths or unique skills), which could contribute to a model for effective leadership in the third space.
Marking ‘on the fly’ in interactive oral assessments in Business
Authors: Norman Adrian , Wilson Stephanie , Casey Alison , Nash Joanne
Published: November 2024

Interactive orals (IOs) are described as a pedagogically rigorous and authentic form of assessment. However, there is little research to-date on the assessor experience of facilitating a conversation and marking ‘on the fly’, nor the student experience of thinking ‘on the spot’. This paper investigates assessor and student experiences of IOs in the context of a large Australian business school where IOs were implemented in five courses from several sub-disciplines. Participant interviews confirmed what is already known about IOs and their place as an assured assessment of learning in the Artificial Intelligence (AI) age. This study contributes to new knowledge on the assessor experience and suggests that academics will need a distinct skillset to ensure reliable and valid ‘conversational’ assessments.
Designing Immersive Reality Environments in Healthcare Education
Authors: Akhtar Md Haseen , Cochrane Thomas , Anderson Mark
Published: November 2024

This paper presents a proposed research framework aimed at addressing the critical need for innovative approaches in healthcare education by exploring the implementation of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies across Australasia. Utilizing an Educational Design Research (EDR) methodology, the proposed study seeks to develop a comprehensive, context-sensitive framework for the effective integration of AR and VR in healthcare curricula. The study navigates the unique challenges posed by Australasia's diverse cultural landscape, varying resource availability, and distinct institutional policies. Through iterative cycles of analysis, design, development, and evaluation, the proposed research intends to create and assess contextualized AR/VR experiences, their impact on student learning outcomes, and their potential to enhance healthcare education quality. The resulting framework and guidelines are intended to serve as a robust foundation for healthcare institutions across Australasia, potentially revolutionising healthcare professional training and ultimately contributing to improved patient care and public health outcomes. This proposed research not only addresses a significant gap in the current literature but also provides practical, evidence-based solutions for the successful adoption of cutting-edge technologies in healthcare education. Finally, the proposed framework generalisability to a global context focusing on the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals of quality education and good health for all.
Combining self-reported and clickstream data to understand university students’ learning experiences and outcomes in flipped classrooms
Authors: Han Feifei
Published: November 2024

This study examined the relationships between students’ self-reported perceptions of learning environment, students’ course marks, learning strategy and online study duration measured by clickstream data in an undergraduate flipped classroom course amongst a cohort of Australian first-year university students. The clickstream data identified two groups of students using two distinct learning strategies focusing either on completing the assessments in the course or on the learning activities preparing for the face-to-face learning. Students’ perceptions of learning environment were measured by a self-reported questionnaire. Using cluster analysis, students were grouped as either having positive or negative perceptions. Of the students who adopted a learning strategy focusing on assessments, a significantly higher proportion of them hold negative perceptions of learning environment. In contrast, amongst students who used a learning strategy focusing on completing the preparation activities, a significantly lower proportion of them had negative perceptions. Furthermore, students who hold negative perceptions were also found to study less hours than their classmates who had positive perceptions. The multiple regression analyses showed that self-reported perceptions could explain only 4.8% of variance in students’ course marks, whereas learning strategy and online study duration measured by clickstream data predicted around 17.2% of variance in students’ course marks.
InnovatEd
Authors: Cranna Nicola , Israel David
Published: November 2024

The Melbourne InnovatEd program at the University of Melbourne supports innovation in educational technology, addressing the crucial need for innovative solutions in teaching and learning in higher education. By fostering a holistic approach, InnovatEd empowers educators and students to identify problems and devise impactful solutions. Established in 2019, the program offers a Bootcamp and an Incubation Funding Program, providing space, tools, support, and funding pathways. The Bootcamp engages participants in developing innovation skills, while the Incubation Program offers tailored support to bring ideas to fruition. Over five years, InnovatEd has supported 23 teams, enhancing teaching and learning through EdTech. The program has successfully cultivated connections within the University and industry, facilitating real-world project development and fostering an entrepreneurial mindset. Innovation programs in large organisations, such as InnovatEd, face challenges such as ensuring technology sustainability, providing post-program support, and addressing cultural barriers. InnovatEd aims to establish robust support structures and promote continuous innovation, essential for improving education in the age of AI.
The Postdigital Panorama
Authors: Zavyalova Ksenia , Brown Cheryl
Published: November 2024

University teachers are in the midst of a messy and entangled postdigital era. They face a constant stream of data and increasingly visible teaching as a consequence of digital media and AI spaces. This prompts the need for identity work to reconsider the personal, professional and societal meanings of the role of teachers in a world where people and machines are becoming further interwoven. Narrowing it down to social media spaces that encompass context collapse, it is becoming increasingly difficult to draw a line between personal and professional facets of life. Higher education teachers, who contribute to social media, construct fluid, greatly changeable and intermingled identities. The current study aims to conceptualise the practices and roles that may guide these emerging identities using a theoretical vignette as a tool. The presented case can initiate the discussions on who we are and who we are becoming in the current realities and prompt questions about learning and teaching in the networked society.
Decline of student engagement in online studies
Authors: Tipple Celeste , Linden Tanya
Published: November 2024

This research in progress examines student engagement in online synchronous learning sessions, focusing on trends from extended lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic to the present day within a higher education pathways subject. While our longitudinal data provides insights into declining student engagement trends, the reliance on chat messages within online synchronous sessions as the primary measure of engagement may only partially capture the multifaceted nature of student engagement. By re-examining the student engagement model by Kahu, we identified a possible direct link with student structural factors as influences on student engagement. As a result, we propose a model representation that further emphasises the interrelated influences of multiple dimensions of student engagement. The next phase of this study is to develop a broader range of engagement metrics, including direct feedback from students, which is expected to provide a better understanding of student engagement trends.
Evaluating an online assessment framework through the lens of Generative AI
Authors: White Amanda , Huber Elaine
Published: November 2024

Since the general public’s ability to access generative AI in November 2022, higher education faces significant challenges and opportunities. This paper examines how generative AI affects a framework for quality online assessment, which includes academic integrity, authenticity, equity of access, information integrity, quality feedback, and student experience. Drawing on feedback from survey respondents and focus group/interview participants from a range of stakeholder groups, the study provides qualitative insights on the impact of generative AI on assessment. Findings highlight both potential benefits, such as improved performance and efficiency, and challenges, including threats to academic integrity and equity of access. The paper explores the implications of generative AI and discusses the trade-offs educators and assessment designers face when designing assessments that must balance innovation and preparing students for the generative AI-enhanced workplace, with the need for integrity and fairness.
“All things are ready, if our mind be so”
Authors: Bridge Christopher , Naylor Ryan , Loch Birgit
Published: November 2024

In the two years since the launch of ChatGPT in November 2022, the higher education sector in Australia has experienced both the great potential of generative artificial intelligence (genAI) to transform learning and teaching, but also the serious threat to assessment security and assurance of learning that it poses. In light of recent regulatory calls for accountability in academic integrity, this article focuses on the issue of assessment security and redesign, given the affordances of readily available large language models. A nation-wide survey of STEM academics revealed that 37% of respondents had not even tested their assessments in a genAI app; that there was little consensus – and possible misunderstandings – concerning approaches for improving assessment security; and that sector recommendations were either not well understood, or not favoured, particularly those advocating a move towards program-level assurance of learning and only securing assessments at key points of a degree program. These results highlight the need for significant support and guidance for teaching academics—in terms of both creating a clear understanding of how best to respond to assessment redesign as future consensus emerges, and institutional workload in implementing those responses —in order for challenges posed by genAI to assurance of learning to be met successfully.
HCI Teaching and Learning Model Using Studio-Based Learning
Authors: Zhang Runchen , Atiq Arzoo , Chacon Salas Antony
Published: November 2024

This research explores Studio-based Learning (SBL) within Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) subjects, focusing on the crucial elements required in the design of maker spaces to enhance user experience (UX) design education. As  HCI  becomes  increasingly  complex  and  interdisciplinary,  traditional classroom settings often fail to provide the required experiential learning environment for certain subjects. Our study examines various subjects in the discipline, highlighting diverse interactivity requirements and the potential of Studio-based Learning to effectively address students' and staff’s needs. We  analyse the  impact  of studio  settings  on the  learning  outcomes  and expectations  of  students,  especially  in  fostering  creativity,  collaboration, and hands-on engagement. Our research findings indicate that studio-based classrooms significantly improve student learning experiences in interactive and practical subjects, although effective planning around space and time constraints can impede its full implementation.
Exploring students’ perceptions and emotional responses to video and written feedback
Authors: Co Mary Jesselyn , Fenton Andrea , Mitchell Bruce , Murphy Paul
Published: November 2024

Effective feedback is crucial to foster student motivation, clarify expectations and promote self-reflection and accountability. Although evidence from research findings show that video feedback is effective, written feedback remains the dominant method used. This research uses a between-group design to examine students’ perceptions of video and written feedback and their emotion on the feedback. A sample of 389 first-year undergraduate management students participated in a survey evaluating feedback for relevance, clarity, and helpfulness. Overall, all students were positive about the feedback they received with those who received video feedback giving higher ratings on the three areas. Comparisons between recipients of video and written feedback on positive emotions yielded significant differences that were not present when comparing on negative emotions.
From How Much to Whodunnit
Authors: Tregloan Kate , Song Huiseung (Sarah)
Published: November 2024

The arrival of ChatGPT and other generative AI (genAI) tools has ushered in a new era in education and presented significant challenges to academic institutions. It has also delivered new concerns for educators who seek to support, and to certify, students’ learning. In addition, the potential and in some cases the necessity for students to learn to engage these new tools in preparation for future work in a professional or research context is emerging apace.  This raises important questions for the form and focus of student learning in higher education. It also calls for guidance for educators, especially those who may not be familiar with the operation or implications of these new technologies for their teaching. This paper presents an innovative typology for designing assessment in this context, and that offers language to discuss academic integrity issues and to authorise AI use. The typology draws on and extends scholarship related to groupwork, considering the role of the genAI as a ‘group member’. It provides examples of related approaches to assessment design, and of level descriptors that educators may use as a basis for rubrics to recognise and define the qualities of good student use of genAI tools in this context.
AI-Assisted Pedagogies
Authors: Trotter Paul , Vanderburg Michelle , Vanderburg Robert
Published: November 2024

This paper advocates using large language models (LLMs) to enhance students' open-ended mathematical problem-solving skills. The literature review reveals that using large language models (LLMs) in educational settings is an emerging field with limited research evidence. Much of the existing literature focuses on the perceptions of educators and other stakeholders and evaluations of LLM model accuracy rather than their potentially transformative impact on educational outcomes or personalised learning in mathematics. This paper reports on the ongoing development of a study to provide such evidence. It presents expected results derived from our preliminary development work, which suggests that teaching students to utilise LLMs like ChatGPT effectively can enhance their critical thinking and analytical skills in mathematical problem-solving. Initial observations and iterative refinements inform these anticipated outcomes during the pilot phase of our research.
Optimising Student Preparedness through TEL Pedagogies
Authors: Pedlow Michelle , Maldon Justine
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the implementation of Technology-Enhanced Learning pedagogies across four schools through scalable and cross-disciplinary collaboration at a Western Australian university. Using innovative support initiatives, co-created with academic and professional staff and students, our resources focus on bridging gaps in essential academic and digital literacies and fostering student agency and self-regulation. Grounded in transition pedagogy and adaptive learning, these initiatives enhance preparedness and inclusivity for a diverse cohort of students. We seek to address the lack of student perspectives on generative AI (GenAI) tools available to date, sharing recent data that reveals students' lack of confidence in using GenAI for learning and assessments. This paper explores GenAI’s role in shaping educational practice and provides recommendations to improve its integration. These insights will potentially complement the whole-of-institution curriculum transformation initiative at our university, emphasising the importance of feedback literacy and self-regulated learning in an evolving educational landscape. Our initiatives promote self-regulated and co-regulated learning, to enable students and staff to collaboratively improve the learning process and outcomes. Finally, this paper discusses the challenges encountered, offering actionable insights for institutions aiming to enhance student preparedness through collaboration.
Addressing GenAI use through transparency in teaching and learning in a Master of Cyber Security program
Authors: Campbell Chris , Townsend Tom , Harman Janene
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the use of Generative AI (GenAI) in university assessments, focusing on transparency and best practices. The study examines the implementation of GenAI guidelines in a Master of Cyber Security program from 2023 to 2024. Course conveners aimed to enhance learning by encouraging GenAI use for efficiency, while addressing academic integrity concerns. The evolving university policies and the challenges of detecting GenAI misuse are discussed. The paper highlights the importance of clear guidelines and transparent communication to foster shared understanding for AI use. Findings suggest that transparent AI policies can support both students and educators in navigating the complexities of AI in education.
Generative AI
Authors: Chow Winn Wing-Yiu
Published: November 2024

Generative AI is developing at an exponential pace, showing immense potential for reshaping teaching and learning methodologies. Designing high-quality examinations demands careful consideration, such as incorporating diverse question types to assess different levels of understanding and ensuring alignment with learning outcomes. However, many university educators encounter challenges in designing effective examinations due to insufficient training. This paper outlines our work-in-progress in leveraging generative AI, specifically large language models, as a copilot in examination design. In this study, we are evaluating large language models’ performance in assessing examination questions based on four key quality criteria. Preliminary findings indicate that ChatGPT 3.5 achieved comparable performance to the state-of-the-art in classifying questions by cognitive complexity, as defined by Bloom’s taxonomy. Additionally, ChatGPT 3.5 demonstrated promising initial results across other criteria. In conclusion, generative AI shows substantial potential to serve as a valuable tool in assisting university educators in enhancing the overall quality of examination design.
Impact of Emerging Technologies on Higher Education
Authors: Turley Denise
Published: November 2024

New technologies like Generative AI and Immersive Reality are set to change higher education dramatically. They offer unique ways to improve learning outcomes, boost creativity, and provide better access to quality education. But, incorporating these technologies also comes with challenges, such as ethical issues, the need for big financial investments, and environmental concerns. This paper explores how Generative AI and Immersive Reality affect higher education, highlighting their benefits and the obstacles to their adoption
From sequentiality to schematization: network-based analysis of covarying collexemes in Mandarin degree adverb constructions
Authors: Chen Alvin Cheng-Hsien
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the semantic structures of degree adverb constructions (DAC) in Mandarin through a network-based approach. We first utilized covarying collexeme analysis to determine significant collexeme pairs strongly associated with the DAC. We then incorporated network-based quantitative methods to analyze the emerging schemas from these collexeme pairs. Our approach involved implementing network analyses at two levels. The collexeme-based network consisted of lexical nodes representing degree adverbs and modified heads, while the construction-based network featured collexeme pairs as nodes. The collexeme-based network reveals that degree adverbs develop distinct semantic preferences for attributes within specific semantic fields, primarily capturing subjective and evaluative aspects of human experience. The construction-based network highlights dynamic interactions among these significant collexeme pairs, showcasing semantically interconnected collexeme pairs forming cohesive constructional families. Furthermore, these semantic groupings underscore the crucial role of metaphorical extension in creating larger semantic clusters for higher-level linguistic generalization. The emergence of semantic coherences from both networks reflects the evolving nature of linguistic generalizations, transitioning from low-level pivot schemas in the collexeme-based network to higher-order generalizations in the construction-based network. This study contributes to the field of usage-based grammar by emphasizing the fundamental role of sequentiality and interconnectedness between linguistic units in linguistic generalization.
Lenition of voiced stops in Kurdish
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud , Öpengin Ergin
Published: November 2024

Contemporary Kurdish variety groups exhibit considerable variation with respect to the lenition of voiced stops. This paper presents a first systematic overview of lenition across major varieties of Kurdish, drawing on published data and a recent questionnaire developed for studying phonological variation within Kurdish. Following recent studies on lenition, a distinction is made between lenition as a process related to earlier stages of language and lenition as a synchronically active process. Analysing diachronic sound changes in Kurdish as well as the synchronic lenition phenomena in its dialects, we conclude that while at earlier stages, Kurdish varieties favoured the lenition of voiced stops across different phonological environments, synchronically, lenition of voiced stops tends to be phonologically active only in the southernmost dialects of Central Kurdish and neighbouring Southern Kurdish and Gorani dialects, and with a limited extent, in the westernmost outliers of Northern Kurdish. It is argued that the synchronic lenition in the Gorani contact zone arose through innovation in Gorani and spread to Kurdish through substratum interference or originated in diffusion from Southern Kurdish.
The critical role of c and φ in ensuring stability: A study on rockfill dams
Authors: Qi Yiting , Cao Xin , Cao Ruisi , Huang Jing , Yan Ailan , Xu Dong
Published: November 2024

Slope stability analysis is an important part of rockfill dam design, and the uncertainty of rock and soil physical and mechanical parameters has a significant impact on slope stability. In this article, based on physical and mechanical parameters c and φ, simplified Bishop’s method and mean clustering method are adopted to study the influence of parameter cohesion c and internal friction Angle φ on slope safety factor k of composite geomembrane rockfill dam, and the key and non-critical areas of the dam are preliminarily differentiated according to the different influences of the changes in different sections of the dam body on slope safety factor c and φ. The research results show that whether c and φ change ±5 and ±10% simultaneously with single parameter or double parameter, it shows that cohesion force c has little influence on slope stability, while internal friction Angle φ is the most sensitive factor in slope stability calculation, and its numerical accuracy has a great influence on the calculation result of safety factor. In addition, the influence of c and φ in key areas on the stability of the dam body is more significant. Therefore, in the construction of a composite geofilm rockfill dam, a relatively accurate φ value is required when selecting parameters, especially in key areas. This study not only has a certain guiding significance for the property requirements of the selected soil, engineering safety, and engineering optimization design, but also puts forward some new methods and ideas for optimizing the design scheme and improving the safety of the dam.
Understanding seismic hazard resilience in Montenegro: A qualitative analysis of community preparedness and response capabilities
Authors: Cvetković Vladimir M. , Grozdanić Goran , Milanović Miško , Marković Slobodan , Lukić Tin
Published: November 2024

Enhancing resilience against seismic hazards in earthquake-prone regions is essential for reducing the devastating impacts of disasters. Seismic resilience refers to a community’s ability to withstand and recover from earthquake impacts, while preparedness gaps are the areas where current measures are insufficient to effectively respond to or mitigate earthquake damage. This study focuses on Montenegro – a region with frequent seismic activity – aiming to assess resilience levels, identify critical gaps in preparedness, and evaluate the effectiveness of existing response strategies. Using qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews, the research gathered insights from residents of Montenegro’s most vulnerable cities: Nikšić, Podgorica, Bar, Kotor, Cetinje, Budva, Herceg Novi, and Berane. Participants, chosen for their first-hand experience with significant earthquake impacts, provided valuable perspectives on various aspects of resilience, from local government response to individual preparedness. This research revealed significant disparities in resilience across communities: for instance, approximately 62.5% of the respondents highlighted inadequate education as a barrier to effective earthquake preparedness, and only 37.5% reported awareness of basic earthquake response procedures. Furthermore, while some communities, such as urban areas with accessible services, reported higher preparedness levels, rural areas showed deficiencies, with 50% of the respondents from these areas identifying a lack of organized drills and limited public awareness initiatives. These findings underscore the urgent need for community-specific preparedness programs and enhancements in both structural resilience and public education to bolster community readiness effectively. Also, findings highlight the need for customized preparedness programs tailored to specific community needs, alongside improvements in structural safety measures and educational outreach. The study underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach involving detailed risk assessments, community-focused preparedness training, and stronger public awareness initiatives. Furthermore, the study calls for enhanced local government capabilities to sustain proactive response measures, including rapid mobilization of emergency resources and regular disaster simulations, to build long-term resilience across communities.
Use of a humidity adsorbent derived from cockleshell waste in Thai fried fish crackers (Keropok)
Authors: Naemchanthara Patcharin , Pongtornkulpanich Sirikorn , Pansumrong Surapat , Boonsook Kanokwan , Faksawat Kridsada , Kaewwiset Weeranut , Limsuwan Pichet , Naemchanthara Kittisakchai
Published: November 2024

In this research, cockleshell waste from food processing is developed into a humidity adsorbent using a simple technique. Cockleshells were first heated at 1,000°C. The crystal structure, functional group, and morphology of cockleshells before and after heat treatment were investigated. Cockleshells before heat treatment had the aragonite phase of CaCO3 compound, but it transformed into the CaO phase after heat treatment. Next, fried fish crackers, Keropok, were selected for humidity testing. The behavior of the humidity adsorbent and fried fish crackers was investigated for 0–180 days. After humidity testing, the CaO phase of the humidity adsorbent reacted with the humidity or water molecules and transformed into the Ca(OH)2 phase. The amount of crack and roughness on the humidity adsorbent surface increased with the increase in humidity testing time. The humidity adsorbent underwent a high humidity reaction and transformed into Ca(OH)2 after 30 days. The water activity, crispness, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) of fried fish crackers were analyzed. The water activity of fried fish crackers rapidly decreased, whereas the crispness slowly decreased in the range of 0–30 days. The humidity adsorbent controlled the TBARS value by increasing slowly. Based on these results, cockleshell waste can be developed as a humidity adsorbent and used to prolong the shelf-life of local food products to at least 90 days.
Ethical practice in participant-centred linguistic research
Authors: Atkins Sarah , Mackenzie Jai , Jones Lucy
Published: November 2024

This article outlines ethical principles for ‘participant-centred linguistic research’ (PCLR), a term we coin to incorporate a range of linguistic research approaches that place importance on the involvement of participants. Linguistics, as a field, has strengthened its focus on participant-centred and socially situated research, recognising the value of better understanding our participants’ practices and linguistic knowledge. However, this also brings ethical challenges for our research practice. Drawing on three differing UK-based case studies from the authors’ own work, the article explores complex issues that can arise during PCLR and establishes four key principles that cut across our varied experiences. Firstly, we address participant consent and confidentiality, establishing the principles: 1. Informed consent and ethics protocols are dialogic processes and 2. Expectations around confidentiality and anonymity can shift during a project. Secondly, we address our research relationships with participants, our key principles being: 3. The researcher-participant relationship is complex and variable and 4. Close attention must be paid to power dynamics within the research setting. Ultimately, we argue that the human interactions and relationships involved in PCLR mean research may inevitably be somewhat unpredictable; researchers therefore need an understanding of the ethical parameters of their practice to navigate these complexities.
Semantic variation and semantic change in the color lexicon
Authors: Viti Carlotta
Published: November 2024

Color terms show a remarkable variation in their possible lexicalization patterns across different languages. In the literature, the interest has been especially to describe the color lexicon of a certain language and to determine whether it may abide or not by Berlin and Kay’s universal evolutionary sequence, e.g., whether a certain color denomination may be considered as a basic color term, or whether a certain color category is lexicalized by more than one basic color term, by which criteria, etc. It has not been established, however, which are the most common lexical sources of basic color terms on a comparative basis, and which semantic changes are more common in this semantic field. On the basis of data drawn from 70 ancient and modern Indo-European languages, we aim at answering precisely these research questions concerning the origin and the development of basic color terms. We discuss the various lexical sources of the basic color terms for white, black, red, green, yellow, blue, brown, gray, orange, pink, and purple, and we show the most important semantic changes leading to these color meanings. We also discuss to which extent these terms are likely to be inherited or borrowed. All this aims at being a contribution to the study of diachronic semantics.
Rediscovery of a population of the plains spotted skunk, Spilogale interrupta, a species of conservation concern, from southern Texas, USA
Authors: Eversole Cord B. , Duffie Duston R. , Mullaney Andrew J. , Henke Scott E.
Published: November 2024

The Plains Spotted Skunk (Spilogale interrupta) historically occurred across parts of the eastern and midwestern United States west of the Mississippi River. Following perceived population declines across much of its range, efforts to assess populations of this species have increased. Here, we report novel records of S. interrupta from this area of south Texas for the first time since 1961. This rediscovery demonstrates the persistence of this species in an underreported portion of its range. This information is useful for better understanding the distribution and population status of S. interrupta in Texas and broadly throughout North America and is crucial for future applied conservation policy efforts.
Critical Paradigm Approach in Preservation and Conservation Studies: An Initial Note
Authors: Rachman Yeni Budi , Tambunan Shuri Mariasih Gietty , Setyani Turita Indah
Published: November 2024

This article discusses the application of a critical paradigm approach, including activism, in studies of preservation and conservation in libraries, information institutions, and local communities. Based on a literature review, it explores a variety of writing and research on the preservation and conservation of objects, focusing on social and humanities approaches and critical analysis. Different approaches in preservation and conservation in libraries and other information institutions beyond traditional practices will be discussed and activism in the context of preservation and conservation will be examined. We hope that this article will encourage research on preservation and conservation that involves critical explanations and in-depth investigations, that it will provide space for critical thinking which moves towards a constructivist paradigm and that it will generate knowledge about activism within a conservation framework. This paper is not intended to challenge researchers or scholars who have followed a more positivistic approach in their studies of preservation and conservation, but rather as a reflection to provide space to engage in critical thinking and alternative approaches.
Rethinking lexical semantic fields: relevance and local holism
Authors: Diodato Filomena
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to single out some pathologies of current lexical semantics, which suffers from both the trauma of immanence and the opposite anxiety of rooting all knowledge in the pre-semiotic dimension, or entrusting sense-making entirely to context. To untangle these pitfalls, the dialogue with a phenomenological cognitive semiotics may prove fertile to focus on the lexicon as a type of storage and a type of memory; that is, a type of accumulated and sedimented knowledge based on the dynamical re-pertinentization of invariants. In particular, the perspective developed by Sonesson shows striking coincidences with De Mauro’s semiotic semantics, which already provides a solid foundation for rethinking the notion of lexical field drawing on an “authentic” Humboldtian and Saussurean heritage. Therefore, I will briefly review some principles of lexical structural semantics, with the aim of showing how these notions, once emancipated from the Saussurean vulgata, can not only be compatible with a cognitive phenomenological approach, but also facilitate the rehabilitation of a theoretical apparatus still valuable for both (lexical) semantics and semiotics. Although focused on lexical fields, some of the issues addressed can be extended to language and languages, as well as to other types of semiotic systems, to shed light on controversial themes such as the embodiment of signs and the autonomy of linguistics and semantics.
Brace Roots
Authors: Kamei Thanduanlung , Ikiriko Irene , Abernathy Susan , Rasmussen Amanda , Sparks Erin E
Published: November 2024

Brace roots (roots developing from aerial stem nodes) are a type of adventitious root that develop from aboveground stem nodes in many monocots. Brace roots may remain aerial or penetrate the soil as they perform root functions such as anchorage and resource acquisition. Although brace root development in soil or aerial environments influences function, a lot is still unknown about how their anatomy, architecture and development contributes to their function. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge on brace roots.
Analysis and Implementation Machine Learning for YouTube Data Classification by Comparing the Performance of Classification Algorithms
Authors: Amanda Riyan , Negara Edi Surya
Published: November 2024

Every day, people around the world upload 1.2 million videos to YouTube or more than 100 hours per minute, and this number is increasing. The condition of this continuous data will be useless if not utilized again. To dig up information on large-scale data, a technique called data mining can be a solution. One of the techniques in data mining is classification. For most YouTube users, when searching for video titles do not match the desired video category. Therefore, this research was conducted to classify YouTube data based on its search text. This article focuses on comparing three algorithms for the classification of YouTube data into the Kesenian and Sains category. Data collection in this study uses scraping techniques taken from the YouTube website in the form of links, titles, descriptions, and searches. The method used in this research is an experimental method by conducting data collection, data processing, proposed models, testing, and evaluating models. The models applied are Random Forest, SVM, Naive Bayes. The results showed that the accuracy rate of the random forest model was better by 0.004%, with the label encoder not being applied to the target class, and the label encoder had no effect on the accuracy of the classification models. The most appropriate model for YouTube data classification from data taken in this study is NaÃ¯ve Bayes, with an accuracy rate of 88% and an average precision of 90%.
Rupiah Exchange Prediction of US Dollar Using Linear, Polynomial, and Radial Basis Function Kernel in Support Vector Regression
Authors: Alida Mufni , Mustikasari Metty
Published: November 2024

As a developing country, Indonesia is affected by fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, especially the US Dollar. Determination of foreign exchange rates must be profitable so a country can run its economy well. The prediction of the exchange rate is done to find out the large exchange rates that occur in the future and the government can take the right policy. Prediction is done by one of the Machine Learning methods, namely the Support Vector Regression (SVR) algorithm. The prediction model is made using three kernels in SVR. Each kernel has the best model and, the accuracy and error values are compared. The Linear Kernel has C = 7, max_iter = 100. The Polynomial Kernel has gamma = 1, degree = 1, max_iter = 4000 and C = 700. The RBF kernel has gamma = 0.03, epsilon = 0.007, max_iter = 2000 and C = 100. Linear kernels have advantages in terms of processing time compared to Polynomial and Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernels with an average processing time of 0.18 seconds. Besides that, in terms of accuracy and error, the RBF kernel has advantages over the Linear and Polynomial kernels with the value R2 = 95.94% and RMSE = 1.25%.
Technological and safety properties of bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus strains isolated from traditional Turkish cheeses
Authors: Akpınar Kankaya Didem
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to identify bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional Turkish cheeses, evaluate their antibacterial properties and technological characteristics, and determine the safety properties of isolates. The isolated strains were identified as Enterococcus faecium DP8.3, DP9.3, and Enterococcus mundtii DP35.1, which are genetically different from each other. The bacteriocins produced by these isolates exhibited stability under high temperatures and maintained their antibacterial activity across a broad pH spectrum. The bacterial strains were fast acid producers, lacked proteolytic or lipolytic activity, were susceptible to antibiotics, and did not show antibiotic resistance or virulence genes. In addition, all the Enterococcus strains decarboxylated tyrosine and showed tdc gene expression. According to the technological properties and safety assessment of the strains, it is believed that they can be used as protective adjunct cultures in the food industry.
New amphibian records for the Serranía de San Jacinto, Bolívar Department, Colombia
Authors: Julio-Guzmán Jose Gabriel , Jiménez Bolaño Juan David , Romero Juan Felipe , Granda-Rodríguez Hernán Darío
Published: November 2024

The San Jacinto Highlands are a mountainous formation that is part of the Montes de María in theColombian Caribbean Region. It harbors remnants of Tropical Dry Forest, which is rapidly disappearing due to developmentfor agriculture and livestock. This loss impacts amphibian diversity by fragmenting habitat, creating homogeneouslandscapes, and reducing environmental complexity. Despite its ecological importance, information on theherpetofauna in this region is limited due to access and security issues. We herein present five new amphibian records(Rhinella alata, Hyalinobatrachium tatayoi, Colostethus inguinalis, Boana rosenbergi, and Dendropsophus ebraccatus) forthe Bolívar Department, which extend the distributions of these species.