bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Acid-base Status Parameters in Newborn with Congenital Surgical Malformations During Perioperative Care Based on Types of Anesthesia
Authors: Vlasov Oleksii
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Congenital malformations (CM) are most common in newborns and infants in the first year of life and require surgical correction in the first hours, days, months of life. Surgical interventions in severely ill babies with malformations can lead to catabolic stress, circulatory and respiratory disorders, metabolism shifts, water-electrolyte, protein, and acid-base status disorders.

This study aimed to compare acid-base status in newborns and infants with congenital surgical pathology under different types of combined anesthesia. 

Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 150 newborns and infants with CM who required surgery. The patients were divided into three groups based on types of provided anesthesia: inhalation by Sevoran (sevoflurane) and regional anesthesia (group I); inhalation of Sevoran and intravenous anesthesia by Fentanyl (group II); and intravenous combination of Fentanyl and 20% Sodium Oxybutyrate (group III). The analysis included: acid-base status, peripheral oximetry, and the need for an oxygen mixture inhaled by the patient.

Results In group I, there was a significant reduction in partial tension of CO2 and increased pH from the pre-surgical status, at the time of induction of anesthesia, during the most painful, traumatic stage, and after surgery compared to group II and III. Peripheral O2 saturation was not critically reduced at all stages of observation except in babies of group I compared to group III at the stage of induction of anesthesia (97.79 ± 2.45 vs. 98.79 ± 1.63, p = 0.0194) and at the most painful period of surgery (96.29 ± 3.47 vs. 98.10 ± 2.47, p = 0.0368). In group I, newborns and infants required higher oxygen concentrations in the inhalation mixture. There was a significant difference in FiO2 between groups I and III during the most painful stage of surgery (0.47 ± 0.29 and 0.33 ± 0.2, p = 0.0071), and immediately after surgery (0.34 ± 0, 19 and 0.26 ± 0.13, p = 0.0246).

Conclusion: Among the newborns and infants with CM requiring surgical intervention and combined anesthesia, the most substantial acid-base status changes were observed in the group where anesthesia was provided by Sevoran (sevoflurane) and regional anesthesia (Group I).
A CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CHONDROBLASTOMA
Authors: Kumari Ragini , Shankar Kunal , Chaudhary Ajit Kumar , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine the clinico-pathological and histological features of Chondroblastoma (CB).
Place of study : Department of Pathology associated with Orthopaedics Department, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar.
Methodology: The histological slides of all reported cases of CB were retrieved and reviewed for morphological features.
Clinical features were noted from surgical pathology reports. Frequency of features was noted.
Results: Sixty one cases of CB were identified. Pain was the most common presenting symptom. The age ranged from 10 to 38 years (mean 20 ± 1.98 years; M: F 2.5:1) with 61% patients in the second decade of life. Forty six cases occurred in long tubular bones; distal femur being most common site. Metaphysis, clavicle, temporal bone and metacarpal were also involved. Histologically, all CBs were composed of round to polygonal cells and scattered osteoclast-type multinucleated giant cells and majority had hemosiderin pigment. Chicken-wire calcifications and coarse calcifications were seen in 85% and 26% of cases respectively. A spindle cell component was seen in 54% of cases. ABC-like areas were seen in 10 cases. Mitosis ranged from 1 to 6/10 HPFs. Recurrence was seen in 2 cases. Recurrent tumor showed similar morphology when compared with the initial tumor.
Conclusion: CB is a benign tumor but has potential for recurrence. Males are more affected, second decade is more common and distal femur is most common site. Metaphysis, clavicle, temporal bone and metacarpal were the rare sites of CB. Histological features predictive of recurrence were not separately identified.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF UTERINE SCAR TENDERNESS AND THIRD TRIMESTER SONOGRAPHIC SCAR THINNING IN PREDICTING SCAR COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Kumari Supriya , Narayan Surya , Jha Kumudini , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Objective: To determine the clinical significance of uterine scar tenderness and sonographic scar thinning in predicting strength of scar in patients with lower segment cesarean section (LSCS).
Method: A prospective study was conducted over a period of one year in the department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Laheriasarai, Bihar. Women undergoing LSCS with history of previous one LSCS were assessed for scar tenderness and; their third trimester's sonographic LUS scar thickness detail was noted. They were divided in two groups (A & B) on the basis of whether scar tenderness and/or sonographic scar thinning (< 3.5 mm) were present or not. Findings were correlated with intra-operative scar conditions.
Result: Study showed that out of 50 patients of group A, 23 patients had scar complications while 27 patients had no such complications. Out of 47 patients of group B, only 5 had scar complications, while in remaining 42 patients no scar complication was found intra-operatively.
Conclusion: Timely done caesarean section in pregnant woman with scar tenderness and/or thin third trimester sonographic scar can definitely bring down the neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality.
PRIMARY GIANT CELL-RICH LESIONS OF BONE WITH ROLE OF DENOSUMABHISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY WITH CLINICO-RADIOLOGICAL CORRELATION
Authors: Kumari Ragini , Shankar Kunal , Chaudhary Ajit Kumar , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The diagnosis of primary giant cell-rich lesion of bone is often difficult even for experienced pathologist. The diagnostic histological features are: multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cell and a mononuclear stroma. But sometimes, from the histological picture alone, it is difficult to differentiate between different lesions such as a Giant -cell tumour of bone, Aneurysmal Bone Cyst and Giant-cell Reparative Granuloma. Many of these lesions show some characteristic features such as typical anatomic location and age of the patient, which are also important supporting factor for diagnosis. Hence histopathological study with clinico-radiological correlation is mandatory for precise and accurate diagnosis. These parameters are important for the treatment and prognosis of these lesions.
Aims & objective: Aims of the study were, to study Histopathology of Primary Giant cell-rich lesion of bone, to study the clinico-radiological correlation in these lesions & to study the diagnostic utility of findings these lesions.
Material & method: In the present study, we have retrospectively examined 50 cases of primary giant-cell rich lesions of bone using biopsy tissue and large resected tissue material. All patients were diagnosed and treated at our institute from October 2019 to September 2020. Patients’ details, Clinical Examination, Histopathological Examination, Radiological details were studied and correlated.
Result & conclusion: Common lesions under this category were Giant Cell Tumour of Bone (41), Aneurysmal Bone Cyst (04), Giant Cell-Rich Osteosarcoma, Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma (02), and Fibrous Dysplasia (01). Detailed Histopathological study and clinic-radiological correlation is very helpful to arrive at precise and accurate diagnosis. This in turn, is very helpful for precise treatment of these patients and to know the prognosis of these patients.
TOTAL CALCIUM AND ALBUMIN CORRECTED CALCIUM AS PROGNOSTIC SEVERITY MARKERS IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS
Authors: S Madhu B , V Vikas
Published: February 2021

Aim: to assess the Total Calcium and Albumin-Corrected Calcium as prognostic severity markers and Organ dysfunction. Background: Acute pancreatitis having variable involvement of regional tissues or remote organ systems can lead to high mortality rate in severe form. Early assessment to identify severity becomes essential. Materials & Methodology: A prospective study was conducted in K.R.Hospital, Mysore Medical College & Research Institute, from November 2019 to July 2020. All cases of Acute Pancreatitis during this period were assessed for severity and Total Calcium and Albumin Corrected calcium were assessed in them to assess the severity and their correlation. Results: A total of 96 patients were included in the study and in accordance with the updated Atlanta Classification, 63 patients presented with mild AP, 22 with moderately severe AP, and 11 with severe AP. The maximum TC cut-off point was 7.5 mg/dL, with values of S, 90.9%; Sp, 78.8%; PPV, 35.7%, and NPV, 98.5%. The maximum ACC cut-off point was 7.25 mg/dL, with values of S, 81.8%; Sp, 80%; PPV, 34.6%; NPV, 97.1% respectively . Conclusions: TC and ACC, measured within the first 24 hours, are useful severity predictors in acute pancreatitis, with sensitivity and predictive values comparable or superior to those of the conventional prognostic scales.
PERINATAL OUTCOME IN PREGNANCY COMPLICATED BY OBSTETRIC CHOLESTASIS AT OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF SKMCH, MUZAFFARPUR, BIHAR
Authors: Kumari Chanchal , Bibha Kumari , Sinha Abha , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Aim:To determine the perinatal outcome in pregnancy complicated by obstetric cholestasis.
Study type, Setting, duration: This descriptive study was conducted in Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of SKMCH, Muzaffarpur, Bihar from September 2019 to August 2020.
Methods: All the pregnant ladies who were diagnosed as having obstetric cholestasis and delivered during the study period were included in the study. Variables studied included age, parity, gestational age of appearance of symptoms, sign /symptoms, liver function tests, mode of delivery and fetal outcome. Information was collected on a predesigned questionnaire. SPSS version 15 was used for analysis.
Results: Total 1250 patients were delivered in this hospital during the study period. Out of these 35 cases [2.8%] were diagnosed to have obstetric cholestasis. The mean age of subjects was 26.4 years. The data of parity showed 15(42.8%) were primigravida and 20(57.1%) were multi gravida. The most common presenting symptom was pruritis (91.4%).Gestational age at which symptoms appeared first was 34-36 weeks in 22 patients (65.8%),32-34 weeks in 5 cases (14.4%),before 32 weeks in 4 cases (11.4%)and 37 week in 3 cases(8.6%).Out of 35 cases 15 patients (42.8%) had normal vaginal delivery and 20 patients (57.2%)were delivered by cesarean section. Perinatal outcome revealed 10 babies (28.5%)were meconium stained,6 babies(17.1%) showed abnormal CTG pattern. Intrauterine growth retardation was seen in 6(17.1%) and prematurity in 9 cases(25.8%).Intrauterine death occurred in 1 patient(2.8%).
Conclusion: Cholestasis of pregnancy has adverse effects on perinatal outcome, hence early diagnoses, vigilant follow up and timely delivery is essential.
CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF VARIOUS TYPES OF DEVIATED NASAL SEPTUM
Authors: Gupta Shambhu Sharan , Kumar Satish , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Deviated nasal septum is a common condition, which is quite often asymtomatic, but may present with persistent morbidity in some. In this prospective cross sectional study, 100 patients with deviated nasal septum were included who were symptomatic. 48 patients needed surgical intervention while 52 were managed conservatively. Results were compared on follow up. 96% cases reported improvement in nasal obstruction post surgery, compared to 79% following conservative management.
A STUDY OF INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: Anet R.Belinda , Kishan Jai , Singhal Sameer
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a common systemic disease that manifests as inflammatory arthritis of multiple joints and produces a wide variety of extra-articular manifestations. Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) is one of the important pulmonary manifestation of RA like other Connective Tissue Disease(CTD). However RA-ILD differs from CTD-ILD in terms of histopathology and prognosis.
OBJECTIVES: To study the clinical features, laboratory profile, radiological patterns, pulmonary function tests including spirometry and DLCO in patients with RA-ILD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a cross sectional study carried out in the department of Respiratory Medicine at MMIMSR,Mullana, Haryana. A total of 10 patients were included in the study after verifying inclusion and exclusion criteria. After complete history and investigations details were documented in a proforma.
RESULTS: A total of 10 patients comprising of 3 males and 7 females with a mean age of 56.5 years were included. Dry cough (100%) was the most common presenting complaints followed by excertional dyspnoea (80%). Among the 10 patients 8 were smokers. Bilateral basal Velcro creps was the most common feature (70%) followed by clubbing(20%).In HRCT the most common pattern was UIP (typical UIP-10%, probable UIP-70%) followed by Non-IPF pattern (20%). Spirometry showed restrictive pattern in all cases. DLCO was severely reduced in typical UIP pattern.
CONCLUSION: HRCT chest is the most sensitive tool for early diagnosis of ILD, while DLCO is most sensitive for monitoring the prognosis. RA-ILD can be prevented and treated at an early state.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF BONE LESIONS AT DARBHANGA MEDICAL COLLEGE, LAHERIASARAI, BIHAR.
Authors: Kumari Ragini , Shankar Kunal , Chaudhary Ajit Kumar , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Background: A spectrum of pathological bone lesions can be presented in any form from inflammatory to neoplastic conditions. Diagnosis of all bone lesions is made by radiological modalities like plain X-ray, CT scan, MRI and bone scintigraphy.
Aim and Objectives: To study histopathological features of bone lesions and correlate them with age, site and type of lesions.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out at Department of Pathology associated with Orthopaedics, Darbhanga Medical College, Lahertiasarai, Bihar from April 2020 to November 2020. A total of 102 bone lesions were analyzed. Bone biopsy was performed after detailed clinical and radiological examination. After fixation, decalcification, processing and H&E staining, histopathological diagnosis was made.
Results: Out of all 102 cases, 44.11% bone lesions were found between 25-50 years with male predominance. The incidence of non neoplastic lesions was 74.5% and neoplastic lesions were 25.4%. Amongst neoplastic lesions, incidence of benign tumors was 17.64% and malignant tumors were 7.8%. The Tuberculous Osteomyelitis was most common non neoplstic lesion while giant cell tumor and osteochondroma were common among benign tumors and osteosarcoma and Secondary metastasis were common among malignant bone tumors.
Conclusion: Though Bone tumors are less common, if viewed in perspective of clinico radiology and histopathology, correct diagnosis can be made.
A STUDY TO DETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM FERRITIN LEVELS AND FEBRILE SEIZURES IN CHILDREN
Authors: Kumar Mithilesh , Sinha R. K. , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Febrile seizures are a common paediatric emergency. Recent studies have postulated iron deficiency in the pathogenesis of simple febrile seizures.
Objective: To determine the association between serum ferritin levels and simple febrile seizures
Method: This study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Consecutive cases were selected for the study and concurrent age matched controls were selected from the same setting. Controls were selected from age matched population of children attending the outpatient department for short febrile illness without seizures. Cases and controls were selected in a 1:1 ratio. Data obtained was statistically analyzed with SPSS version 11 software.
Results: Serum ferritin (P=0.012), haemoglobin (P=0.042) and haematocrit (P=0.029) were found to be significantly lower in children with febrile seizures than controls.
PREVALENCE OF UTI AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AND ITS COMPLICATIONS IN NEWBORNS AT OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF SKMCH, MUZAFFARPUR, BIHAR
Authors: Kumari Chanchal , Bibha Kumari , Sinha Abha , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) are mainly caused by the presence and growth of microorganisms in the urinary tract, which are the single commonest bacterial infections of all age groups and especially in pregnancy. The main objective of this study is to determine the Prevalence of UTI among pregnant women and complications in their newborns. An observational study was carried out over a period of 6 months from March 2019 to August 2019. A total of 120 pregnant women were enrolled. UTI was diagnosed based on urinalysis reports. With the help of data collection form demographic data were collected. Out of 120 pregnant women, 35% of them had urinary tract infection. It is mostly observed high in age group of <25yrs, Primigravida, winter season and during Third trimester of pregnancy. The commonest causative organism was found to be E.coli (50%).The weight of newborn infants of mothers afflicted with UTI were significantly not lowered compared to newborns of healthy women. The prevalence rate of urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy is high. So it is important to do routine screening of all pregnant women for significant bacteriuria to reduce the complications on both maternal and fetal health.
ORAL CLONIDINE AND ANAESTHESIA: EFFECT OF ORAL CLONIDINE PREMEDICATION ON HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES DURING LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: Thakur Shyam Kishor , Jha Satyeshwar , Jana Debarshi
Published: February 2021

Background: Laryngoscopy and intubation are mandatory for patients undergoing general anesthesia. Direct laryngoscopy and intubation along with pneumoperitoneum with carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation for laparoscopic surgery cause afferent sympatho-adrenal response, this causes increase in blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and cardiac arrhythmias in some patients Oral Clonidine premedication has been recently shown to have a potential to prevent such harmful responses.
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of administration of oral Clonidine premedication to attenuate hemodynamic responses due to laryngoscopy, intubation and pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery.
Methods: After taking informed consent, 200 patients were systematically randomised into two groups of 100 each. Patients were kept NPO 8 hours, after proper preanesthetic checkup before surgery. On morning of surgery Group C received Oral Clonidine150mcg premedication 90 minutes prior to induction in the preoperative room and Group P ,oral ranitidine150mg (Pacebo) premedication 90 minutes before shifting the patient immediately afterwards to the operation room.
Results: Oral Clonidine premedication in a dose of 150 mcg orally before laryngoscopy and intubation effectively attenuates hemodynamic responses during intubation and pneumoperitoneum during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Conclusion: Oral Clonidine150mcg premedication effectively attenuates hemodynamic responses during intubation and pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
RADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION AND CORRELATION OF CT SEVERITY SCORING WITH THE CLINICAL OUTCOME IN RT-PCR CONFIRMED COVID-19 INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: S Prem Anand E , Parthasarathy Ealai Athmarao , Anand Rajamani
Published: February 2021

Background
Radiological evaluation of the severity of lung inflammation in Covid-19 patients could provide an objective approach to rapidly identify the treatment modalities and to calculate the duration of hospitalization, need for intubation and ICU stay thereby analyzing and managing the clinical outcome of the patient.

Purpose
To identify the significant relationship between CT severity score and clinical outcome among RT-PCR confirmed Covid-19 infected patients
Materials and Methods
Inclusion of 40 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by positive real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on throat swabs underwent High resolution chest CT (7 men and 33 women).The CT-SS was defined by summing up individual scores from 20 lung regions; scores of 0, 1, and 2 were respectively assigned for each region if parenchymal opacification involved 0%, less than 50%, or equal or more than 50% of each region (theoretical range of CT-SS from 0 to 40). The clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed.

Results
All patients (n=16) who underwent intubation died invariably. The lung findings in all patients who died consist of co-existence of Consolidation and ground glass opacities in periphery and central region of lungs. Age is a predominant determinant factor for the course and outcome of disease as 17 patients with a mean age of 62 died when compared to 23 patients alive with a mean age of 47. This implies that mortality has a direct relationship with age. Out of 19 patients who had a CT –Severity score of >19 (Severe), 17 were shifted to ICU and 15 patients died. Only 4 patients recovered. Out of 5 patients whose CT-SS score were < 19, 5 patients were shifted to ICU and 2 cases died. 95 % of Covid-19 positive patients had Fever as their predominant complaint. The results are statistically significant with a p value of <0.01 and specificity of 82.6% and sensitivity of 88.2%
Conclusion
Along with RT-PCR, CT severity scoring is invariably a valuable modality for the management and planning of treatment for the patients by predicting the prognosis.
Summary
The chest CT severity score could be used to rapidly identify patients with severe forms of COVID-19 and clearly impacts the outcome of the patients.
CYTO HISTOLOGIC CORRELATION OF A LOW GRADE FIBROMYXOID SARCOMAAT AN UNUSUAL LOCATION – A CASE REPORT
Authors: Jain Pooja , Nanda Annu , Singh Deepak Kumar , Singhal Udita
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND
Low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a rare tumour of the deep soft tissues seen in young adults. The histologic features of LGFMS are well established, however the cytologic findings are scantily defined and the distinction from other benign and malignant myxoid soft tissue tumours is difficult.

CASE DETAILS
A 29 year old male presented with a superficial swelling in the left areolar region for two months. USG revealed a well-defined 2 by 2 cm hyperechoic lesion extending upto the subcutaneous fat. FNA yielded mucoid material and smears showed spindle cells having round to elongated nuclei with mild anisokaryosis, bland chromatin and wispy cytoplasm in a myxoid background. No significant nuclear pleomorphism or mitoses were noted. A diagnosis of myxoid mesenchymal lesion was made.
The excised tumour was well circumscribed with grey white cut surface showing myxoid areas. Microscopically, the tumour displayed moderate cellularity with storiform, intersecting and parallel bundles of spindle cells showing mild nuclear pleomorphism. The myxoid areas showed cells in a haphazard fashion floating in abundant mucoid matrix associated with a capillary network. The mitotic index was low. IHC showed tumor cells positive for vimentin and negative for S-100 & SMA.

CONCLUSION
LGFMS is a rare low-grade malignancy with a high local recurrence rate and late metastasis. The diagnosis of LGFMS can be difficult to render from fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) alone because of morphological overlap with other spindle cell and myxoid lesions. Cytohistological correlation and IHC is helpful in arriving at a correct diagnosis.
Ragam Media Tanam dan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di Pembibitan Awal
Authors: Safi’i Safi’i , Berliana Yunida , Zulkifli Tengku Boumedine Hamid
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penggunaan ragam media tanam dan Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di pembibitan awal. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial terdiri dari dua factor yaitu : faktor pertama: pemberian ragam media tanam 3 taraf: M0 = topsoil 100%,  M1= pupuk kandang ayam 30% + abu sekam padi 30% + topsoil 40%,  M2= kompos 30% + abu sekam padi 30% + topsoil 40%.  Faktor kedua: pemberian POC 4 taraf:  P0= tanpa POC,  P1 = POC 10 ml/ l air,  P2= POC 20 ml/l air, P3 = POC 30 ml/l air. Interaksi ragam media tanam dan POC terhadap pertumbuhan vegetative tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di pembibitan awal berpengaruh tidak  nyata pada parameter pengamatan yakni tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, bobot basah dan bobot kering tanaman, namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap luas daun.
Efektifitas Pemberian Kapur Pertanian dan Komposisi Berbagai Media Tanam Bahan Organik Padat pada Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di Pembibitan Awal
Authors: Panjaitan Elkawaril Ramadhanul , Zulkifli Tengku Boumedine Hamid , Putra Irwan Agusnu
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektifitas pemberian kapur pertanian (KapTan) dan komposisi berbagai media tanam bahan organik padat pada pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di pembibitan awal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan dua faktor. faktor pertama yaitu pemberian pupuk kalsium dengan 3 taraf: P0= tanpa pupuk kalsium, P1= pupuk kalsium 2 ton/ha (10 g/polybag), P2= pupuk kalsium 4 ton/ha (20 g/polybag). Faktor kedua yaitu media tanam dengan 4 taraf: M0= topsoil, M1= topsoil + kompos kandang sapi (1:1) M2= topsoil + sludge padat (1:1) dan M3= topsoil + kompos TKKS (1:1). Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi pupuk kalsium dan ragam media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan vegetative bibit tanaman kelapa sawit belum dapat memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada tinggi tanaman, luas daun, volume akar, bobot basah tanaman, bobot kering tanaman, bobot basah akar  tanaman, bobot kering akar tanaman kelapa sawit di pembibitan awal. Media tanam yang terbaik adalah Media tanam top soil dengan kompos kandang sapi dan Media tanam topsoil dengan kompos TKKS serta perlakuan yang terbaik pada perlakuan M1P1.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Tahu dan Pupuk NPKMg terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Ginting Boy Patianta , Wahyudi Erfan , Zulkifli Tengku Boumedine Hamid
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pemanfaatan limbah cair tahu dan pupuk NPKMg terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) di pembibitan awal. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Karang Rejo Kecamatan Medan Polonia, Medan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Juni sampai September 2015. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama:  pemberian pupuk NPKMg dengan 3 taraf : P0= tanpa pupuk NPKMg, P1= pupuk NPKMg 2 g/polibag, P2= pupuk NPKMg 4 g/polibag, P3= pupuk NPKMg 6 g/polibag. Faktor kedua: pemberian limbah cair tahu 4 taraf: L0= tanpa limbah cair tahu, L1= limbah cair tahu 80 ml/polibag, L2= limbah cair tahu 160 ml/polibag, L3= limbah cair tahu 240 ml/polibag. Peubah yang diamati: tinggi tanaman (cm), luas daun (cm2), berat basah tanaman (g), berat kering tanaman (g). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk NPKMg menunjukkan berpengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman, luas daun, berat basah dan berat kering tanaman. Pemberian limbah cair tahu dan interaksinya berpengaruh tidak nyata pada semua peubah amatan dalam penelitian ini.
Response of Soil and Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on the Application of Several Local Microorganism and Manures
Authors: Pujiastuti Elisabeth Sri , Siahaan Ferlist Rio , Tampubolon Yanto Raya , Tarigan Juli Ritha , Sumihar Susana Tabah Trina
Published: February 2021

Introduction: This research was conducted to determine the effect of several types of local microorganism solutions and manures on the growth and yield of peanut and their impact on the physical properties of ultisols.

Materials and Methods: The researches was conducted in Simalingkar B, Medan using Factorial Randomized Block Design within three replications. The first factor was types of microbe sources of local microbial solutions, include un-treated waste (M0), pineapple (M1), orange (M2), and tamarillo (M3) wastes. The second factor was manure types, inluce un-treated manure (P0), chicken (P1), cow (P2), and goat (P3) manures. The parameters were: soil physical characteristics (bulk density, water content and total of pore space), plant height, stem diameter, number of pods, and dry seeds yield.

Results: The types of local microorganism solutions only affect to plant height of peanut, but has insignificant effect on the physical properties of ultisols, and stem diameter, the number of filled pods.plant-1, and the dry seeds yield.ha-1 of peanut. The types of manure had significantly effected on plant height and number of filled pods.plant-1, but had insignificant effect on stem diameter, dry seeds yield.ha-1 and the physical properties of ultisols. The interaction of MOL sources and manure did not significantly affect the growth and yield of peanut as well as the physical properties of ultisols. Orange MOL and chicken manure could be increase the plant height of peanut by 18.61% and 6.75%, respectively, compared to un-treated. Goat manure showed the highest number of pods.plant-1 by 6.32% compared to un-treated.
Ecology of Forest Ecosytem: Inventory of Macroscopic Mushrooms in Taman Hutan Raya Bukit Barisan Area, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province
Authors: Hasibuan Zul Ilmi , Manalu Kartika , Tambunan Efrida Pima Sari
Published: February 2021

Introduction: The research was aimed to identify the types of macroscopic mushrooms and habit characteristics of macroscopic mushrooms in Taman Hutan Raya Bukit Barisan Karo Regency North Sumatra.

Materials and Methods: The research was conducted in Taman Hutan Raya Bukit Barisan, Karo Regency, North Sumatra from August until October 2019. The research method used in sampling was the Exploration Method.

Results: showed 23 species of macroscopic mushrooms. The highest family is Ganodermatacea with 4 species and the lowest family is Strophariaceae, Hydnangiaceae, Mycenaceae, Fomitopsidaceae, Crepidateceae, Agariceae, Inocybaceae, Russulaceae, Streaceae, and Tricholomateceae with 1 species. Habitat characteristics that are mostly found in weathered wood are found in 13 types of fungi, and at least found in live wood, only 1 species of macroscopic fungi are found.
DIGITAL INTERACTION AND STUDENTS’ PURCHASE DECISION IN E-TAILING INDUSTRY IN PORT HARCOURT
Authors: Dike Mercy O  , Ozuru Henry N
Published: February 2021

This study empirically examined the relationship between digital interactions on students purchase decision. Survey research design was employed in the study. The population of interest was 9,743 students, with a sample size of 370 students. Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient were used for analysis with the aid of Statistics Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The study finds that digital interaction strategies significantly influences students purchase decision in varying degrees. It was therefore recommended that e-tailing industry should research into the digital interaction needs of the students and take advantage of its use in order to effect their purchase decision positively.

KEYWORDS: Digital Interaction, E-tailing Industry, Purchase Decision
MULCH APPLICATION ON BARLEY GRAIN YIELD AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL IN NEGELE ARSI DISTRICT, CENTRAL, ETHIOPIA
Authors: Fekadu Dule  , Zebene Asfew
Published: February 2021

There is uncertainty about the type of mulch to use to reduce soil nutrient depletion and water loss and at the same time enhance crop yield that will also be influenced by the materials available locally for use and their management. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mulch application on barley grain yield and physicochemical properties of soil in Negele Arsi district, Central, Ethiopia. Experimental plots were laid on farmers fields’ in randomized complete block design by taking farmers field as a replication. Five farms of each with a currently mulched plot, a year ago mulched plot with perennial mulch and conventional fields as control (15plots of 10m in width and 20m in length in general) were selected for the establishment of the experiment. Subplots of 1mx1m at each corner and a center of each main plot were used for taking barley grain yield and soil data. A total of 30 soil samples collected from two depth layers: 0–20 and 20–40cm were air-dried and passed through a 2 mm sieve to remove roots, and large organic residues. Soil organic carbon concentration in the soil samples was determined by Walkley and Black method. The soil data were subjected to a two-way ANOVA analysis using the general linear model Procedures of SAS. The pairwise comparison method was also used to assess the mean difference of the treatment types and depth levels depending on soil properties. The average barley grain yield obtained from plots mulched with perennial mulch in 2018 (1.52±0.209kg) was higher than plots mulched in 2017 (1.48±0.135kg) and conventional farmland plots (1.44±.0962kg). The overall mean SOC stock was found to be higher under plots mulched in 2018(49.8291±17.9301) and lower in soils under conventional farm plots (39.1182±13.5183) than another treatment type. The highest overall mean of soil carbon stock under plots mulched in 2018 indicates that perennial mulch might be the remedy for replenishing the declining soil fertility on conventional farmlands and to increase barley grain yield on a sustainable basis.
KEYWORDS: conventional farm, grain yield, perennial mulch, soil fertility
The Chernobyl tragedy
Authors:   Bakı Slavyan Universiteti, Mübariz qızı Hüseynli Nəhayət
Published: February 2021

On April 26, 1986, an accident occurred at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. The accident at the Chernobly nuclear power plant was perhaps one of the greatest tragedies in human history. The fire, which lasted for nine days, caused great damage. While most of the radioactive cloud that formed Eastern Europe, the rest of the “death cloud” was blown south by the winds. In general, the incident caused great damage to the Ukrainian economy. In 12 regions of Ukraine, 50,000 square kilometers were highly polluted. About 15,000 people died and thousands were affected by various diseases the nuclear accident. The largest accident in the history of world energy is the Chernobyl accident. It was decided to mark April 26, 2017 as World Remembrance Day in connection with the Chernobyl tragedy. According to the Society of Chernobyl Disabled People in Azerbaijan, there are currently more than 5,000 participants in the Chernobyl accident in our country. Today, the state is taking necessary measures to, strengthen the social protection of Chernobyl victims in Azerbaijan and protect their health. Key words: Chernobyl, Ukraine, AES, Pripyat, “dead city”, tragedy, radiation, “death cloud”
COMPARISON OF MOLECULAR AND SEROLOGICAL TESTS FOR SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS 2 (SARS-COV-2) IN POST-EXPOSURE EMPLOYEES OF THE NEPHROLOGY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Kwiatkowska Marlena , Chomicka Inga , Malyszko Jolanta
Published: February 2021

Introduction: A novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 RNA, detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China. It rapidly spread, at first in China, then resulting in an epidemic in other countries throughout the world. One of such controversial topics is the issue of diagnostics and interpretation of test for COVID-19. According to Polish and global guidelines, the basis for diagnosis is molecular testing – real-time reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Taking all these data into consideration, the aim of the study was to compare RT-PCR with serological test in our employees post-exposure. According to Polish and global guidelines, the basis for diagnosis is molecular testing, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
The aim: To compare RT-PCR with serological test in our employees post-exposure.
Material and methods: 79 employees of the Clinic, 19 men and 60 women in the age range 27-69 years were evaluated. Tests were begun four days after information about the positive test in our „Employee 0” and lasted for 7 days. At first, we made RT-PCR tests on the specimen from nasopharyngeal swab. Then, we accomplished rapid antibodies tests. This test is based on the qualitative assessment of the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies by immunochromatography using a sample of capillary blood from the fingertip.
Results: All the tests were negative. No employee developed symptoms during the 7-day follow-up after the end of the tests.
Conclusions: As routine tests for patients have been implemented widely, but similar solutions for employees have not gained popularity. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) e.g. facemask and shields, transparent screens, disposable medical uniforms, minimalization the contact time, increasing distance from both colleagues and patients (if possible), and strictly follow sanitary procedures largely contributed to the absence of illness in the surveyed group of employees.
NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AND PLATELET-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO AS PREDICTORS OF CORONARY MICROCIRCULATORY DISEASE OCCURRENCE AND OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CORONARY SYNDROME AND NO SIGNIFICANT CORONARY ARTERY STENOSIS
Authors: Szolc Piotr , Niewiara Łukasz , Kawulak Marta , Szkodoń Kornelia , Ostrowska-Kaim Elżbieta , Nosal Marcin , Krzanowski Marcin , Żmudka Krzysztof , Legutko Jacek , Guzik Bartłomiej
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Index of microcirculatory resistance assessment is an invasive method of measuring coronary microcirculation function. Association between impaired microcirculatory function and higher rate of cardiovascular events was proven. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio seem to be a promising parameters to predict coronary microcirculatory disease in patients with chronic coronary syndrome.
The aim: To determine neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio levels in patients with coronary microcirculatory disease and potential association with
clinical outcome.
Material and methods: 82 consecutive patients with mean age of 67 years, 67% male, were tested for presence of coronary microcirculatory disease using index of
microcirculatory resistance. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio were calculated based on admission full blood count. Follow-up with major adverse
cardiac and cardiovascular events registration was performed (median 24 months).
Results: The study showed significantly higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio in patients with coronary microcirculatory disease compared to control group (3.58±2.61 vs 2.54±1.09 and 164±87.9 vs 124±36.6 respectively). Higher level of platelet-lymphocyte ratio in patients with coronary microcirculatory disease
results in worse MACCE-free survival. Optimal cut-off values of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio to detect coronary microcirculatory disease were
3.2 and 181.3, respectively.
Conclusions: Higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio are associated with increased index of microcirculatory resistance value. Platelet-lymphocyte ratio may be used as a predictor of worse outcome in patients with coronary microcirculatory disease.
EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT-AND-PROPHYLACTIC COMPLEX IN TOBACCO-ADDICTED PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC HYPERACID GASTRITIS
Authors: Zolotukhina Olena L. , Romanova Iuliia G. , Pyndus Tetyana O. , Romanov Georgy O. , Tkachenko Iryna M.
Published: February 2021

The aim: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of treatment-and-prophylactic complex in patients addicted to tobacco with chronic generalized periodontitis with chronic hyperacid gastritis.
Materials and methods: 68 patients (men and women) aged 25–44 years were examined. They were distributed into two groups: the main group — 48 patients addicted to tobacco with chronic generalized 1 degree periodontitis and chronic hyperacid gastritis, associated with Helicobacter pylori, the control group — 20 healthy individuals without bad habits. Patients of the main group were distributed at random into 2 subgroups (1.1, 1.2) depending on the chosen therapy. The patients of the subgroup 1.1 received the basic therapy and the developed treatment and prophylactic complex, the subgroup 1.2 received the basic therapy and the ultraphonophoresis procedures with placebo. Assessment of the effectiveness of therapy was carried out by determining hygienic index OHI-S and periodontal indices (PI, PMA index and Muhlemann bleeding index (MBI)).
Results: The usage of the treatment-and-prophylactic complex resulted in improvement of the hygienic index OHI-S and periodontal indices (PI, PMA index and MBI) at the immediate and late observation period.
Conclusions: Results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed treatment-and-prophylactic complex in therapy of chronic generalized 1 degree periodontitis in patients addicted to tobacco smoking with chronic hyperacid gastritis.
MODERN METHODS OF COMPLEX CORRECTION OF PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH EXTERNAL GENITAL ENDOMETRIOSIS
Authors: Shcherbina Nikolay A. , Potapova Liliya V , Shcherbina Irina N. , Lipko Oksana P. , Mertsalova Olga V. , Chekhunova Anastasiia A.
Published: February 2021

The aim: About 10% of socially active women of reproductive age suffer from endometriosis, is determined by the frequent occurrence of menstrual and reproductive functions disorders, and pelvic pain syndrome in patients. The difficulties of therapeutic treatment of chronic pain syndrome in external genital endometriosis (EGE) are associated with polymorphism of pain mechanisms, and delayed diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the study is to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of external genital endometriosis.
Material and methods: We examined 60 female patients of reproductive age, 40 – with histologically verified diagnosis of external genital endometriosis and 20 healthy
women. We used the following methods of examination: general clinical, instrumental, endoscopic, morphological, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to quantify pain, the Beck
Depression Scale and the SF-36 questionnaire.
Results: Before the treatment of patients with EGE, VAS scale scores indicated pain in 100% of patients, the indicators of depression and level of anxiety go beyond the normative.
The results of the pre-treatment questionnaire indicated lower quality of life scores on the scales of physical and mental health components. As a result of treatment there
was significant decrease in the manifestations of pain, depression and anxiety, with women receiving complex therapy (hormone therapy got antidepressants and non-drug correction methods).
Сonclusions: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome associated with EGE and accompanied by an unfavorable psychological state, depressive states, anxiety symptoms, and psychosomatic
disorders. New approaches to the treatment of clinical manifestations of EGE are needed, taking into account patients’ psycho-emotional status and the life quality analysis.
We pathogenetically justified the use of drugs that affect the psychosomatic status of patients with EGE and showed that they could significantly improve the quality of life.
TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE IN COMORBIDITY OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE AND AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS IN STUDENT POPULATION
Authors: Pasiieshvili Tamara M. , Zhelezniakova Natalia M. , Pasiyeshvili Lyudmila M. , Kovalyova Olga M.
Published: February 2021

The aim: To determine the state of total antioxidant activity and the content of the mitochondrial enzyme – manganese superoxide dismutase in students with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) comorbidity.
Materials and methods: 120 patients with GERD and AIT, 45 patients with GERD and 42 patients with AIT were examined. The patients involved in the study were students.
The international standardized GerdQ questionnaire was used. Total antioxidant activity and manganese superoxide dismutase levels were determined.
Results: The study showed that comorbidity of GERD and AIT was accompanied with a significant increase in the frequency and intensity of heartburn, sleep disorders and the use of additional medications to relieve symptoms. Patients with GERD and AIT had significantly lower total antioxidant activity than patients with isolated GERD and isolated AIT. At the same time, the manganese superoxide dismutase level was significantly higher in group with comorbidity than in patients with isolated diseases.
Conclusions: The presence of concomitant AIT in patients with GERD among the student population contributes to some deviations in the clinical characteristics, inhibition of total antioxidant activity and activation of manganese superoxide dismutase.
ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS AFTER SURGERY MADE BY THE IN-HOUSE DEVICES AND METHODS
Authors: Riabushko Nataliia О. , Riabushko Roman М. , Riabushko Mykola М. , Riabushko Olena B.
Published: February 2021

The aim: To estimate the patients’ quality of life after surgery made by the in-house devices and methods. Materials and methods: According to the peculiarities of surgical treatment, the set of instruments used and the methods of its application during surgery, all patients were assigned into two groups: group І (comparison group, or retrospective group) involved 48 (58.5%) patients who received treatment at the Vascular Surgery Department and had contraindications to endovascular laser and radiofrequency ablation, as evidenced by ultrasonographic color angioscanning (USCAS). These patients underwent typical phlebectomies, which were performed using a standard set of instruments; group ІІ (prospective) involved 34 (41.5%) patients treated in the Surgery Department. Patients of this group also had contraindications to endovenous laser and radiofrequency ablation, which was confirmed by USCAS data. Results: It has been found that following the six months after treatment, no patient in Group II and Group I measured the quality of life unsatisfactory. Satisfactory measures were made by 6 (12.5%) and 2 (5.9%) patients in Group I and Group II, respectively. Good scores of quality of life was established in 33 (68.75%) and 19 (55.9%) patients, respectively. Excellent scores were observed in patients of Group I (9 (18.75%)) and Group II (13 (38.2%)). In addition, in our survey, patients’ responses were divided into three categories: “Never”, “Rarely”, “Quite often”, “Very often”, “Constantly”. That is, with a negative outcome (incomplete disappearance of the symptom, its apparent reduction), we can observe the dynamics of positive changes. Conclusions: Patients of Group II had a higher rates of quality of life, because the process of ulcer healing was faster, pain was reducing, contributing to improvement of the patient’s psycho-emotional state. In addition, the examined 29 (85.3%) patients of Group II noted that even with the preservation of some symptoms, their subjective manifestations were reducing leading to health improvement. All this contributes to improving the quality of life of patients with trophic ulcers of the lower extremities, which were treated according to our methods.