bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the critical stable height of vertical excavation in rocky foundation pit within layered structural plane
Authors: Zhang Ziguang , You Xueping , Zhang Cheng , Li Wanyu , Zhang Mengqing
Published: May 2024

The structural plane characteristic was the most critical factor for determining the self-stability ability of deep foundation pit vertical-rock-wall in layered rock stratum. Multiple methods such as model testing, numerical calculation, and theoretical calculation were utilized comprehensively in this paper. The self-stabilizing control effect on the deep foundation pits vertical-rock-wall that under the different structural plane inclination angle (α) and under the different structural plane strength was systematically studied. The results indicated that the overall variation trend of "Sharp decrease ~ Slow decrease ~ Slow increase ~ Sharp increase" in the symmetrical distribution for the self-stability critical height (Hcr) varied with the gradually increasing of α was presented. Meanwhile, the variation trend of "continuously decreasing and rapidly decreasing first, and then slowly decreasing and tending to stabilize" with the structural plane strength reduction coefficient (k). The key factor to control the self-stability of the deep foundation pit vertical-rock-walls lied in fully grasping and utilizing the basic characteristics of rock structural planes. The research results of this paper provided the theoretical basis for scientifically determining the safety level and designing reasonable support structures of the deep foundation pit vertical-rock-walls in layered rock stratum.
Deep-learning-based pelvic automatic segmentation in pelvic fractures
Authors: Lee Jung Min , Park Jun Young , Kim Young Jae , Kim Kwang Gi
Published: May 2024

With the recent increase in traffic accidents, pelvic fractures are increasing, second only to skull fractures, in terms of mortality and risk of complications. Research is actively being conducted on the treatment of intra-abdominal bleeding, the primary cause of death related to pelvic fractures. Considerable preliminary research has also been performed on segmenting tumors and organs. However, studies on clinically useful algorithms for bone and pelvic segmentation, based on developed models, are limited. In this study, we explored the potential of deep-learning models presented in previous studies to accurately segment pelvic regions in X-ray images. Data were collected from X-ray images of 940 patients aged 18 or older at Gachon University Gil Hospital from January 2015 to December 2022. To segment the pelvis, Attention U-Net, Swin U-Net, and U-Net were trained, thereby comparing and analyzing the results using five-fold cross-validation. The Swin U-Net model displayed relatively high performance compared to Attention U-Net and U-Net models, achieving an average sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and dice similarity coefficient of 96.77%, of 98.50%, 98.03%, and 96.32%, respectively.
Detecting lies in investigative interviews through the analysis of response latencies and error rates to unexpected questions
Authors: Melis Giulia , Ursino Martina , Scarpazza Cristina , Zangrossi Andrea , Sartori Giuseppe
Published: May 2024

In this study, we propose an approach to detect deception during investigative interviews by integrating response latency and error analysis with the unexpected question technique. Sixty participants were assigned to an honest (n = 30) or deceptive group (n = 30). The deceptive group was instructed to memorize the false biographical details of a fictitious identity. Throughout the interviews, participants were presented with a randomized sequence of control, expected, and unexpected open-ended questions about identity. Responses were audio recorded for detailed examination. Our findings indicate that deceptive participants showed markedly longer latencies and higher error rates when answering expected (requiring deception) and unexpected questions (for which premeditated deception was not possible). Longer response latencies were also observed in participants attempting deception when answering control questions (which necessitated truthful answers). Moreover, a within-subject analysis highlighted that responding to unexpected questions significantly impaired individuals’ performance compared to answering control and expected questions. Leveraging machine-learning algorithms, our approach attained a classification accuracy of 98% in distinguishing deceptive and honest participants. Additionally, a classification analysis on single response levels was conducted. Our findings underscore the effectiveness of merging response latency metrics and error rates with unexpected questioning as a robust method for identity deception detection in investigative interviews. We also discuss significant implications for enhancing interview strategies.
Multiple pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma, based on a study of 36 cases worldwide
Authors: He Pan , Wang Jianwei , Guo Jiong , Li Shunqi , Zhang Weidong
Published: May 2024

To analyze the clinical characteristics and to improve clinicians’ understanding of multiple pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) patients. A total of 36 PSP patients with multiple tumor characteristics were identified from the literature search. They were compared with 43 solitary PSP patients diagnosed and treated in our hospital in the past 5 years. Thus, the pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis methods, treatment strategies, and prognosis of pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) patients with multiple tumors were explored. Patients with multiple PSP are mostly distributed in Asia (88.89%) and are females (83.33%). PSP can be located in any one lobe (19.44%), or grow across ipsilateral lobes (44.44%), or even, bilateral lobes (36.11%). It can be accompanied by metastasis (9.09%) and is prone to misdiagnosis (27.78%). Compared with solitary PSP, the occurrence age of multiple PSP was younger (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: 40.36 ± 18.12: 51.28 ± 12.74 years), but there was no significant difference in sex, tumor size (mean ± SD: 43.54 ± 46.18: 30.56 ± 17.62 mm), or symptoms. Individualized surgical resection is required for treatment, including pneumonectomy (17.65%), lobectomy (23.53%), subpulmonary lobectomy (38.24%), or combined lobectomy (5.88%). Multiple PSP is relatively rare. Surgical resection within a limited time should be the main treatment for such patients. The prognosis of patients with multiple PSP is generally good, but inappropriate diagnosis and treatment plans may lead to poor prognosis.
Developing a nomogram based on SEER database for predicting prognosis in choroid plexus tumors
Authors: Yang Zedi , Jiang Heng , He Ding , Zhang Sheng , Huang Lei , Gao Peigeng , Huang Haiyan , Cao Junguo , Zhan Zhixin
Published: May 2024

Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) are rare and highly vascularized neoplasms that have three histologically confirmed diagnoses, including choroid plexus papilloma, atypical choroid plexus papilloma, and choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC). This study aimed to determine the epidemiology and survival of patients with CPTs and develop a nomogram to quantify the prognosis of the patients with CPT. Data of 808 patients who were diagnosed as CPT between 2000 and 2020 was obtained from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database. Descriptive analysis was used to assess the distribution and tumor-related characteristics of the patients with CPT. Independent prognostic factors for patients with CPT were identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The nomogram was established and evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA), calibration curves. The independent prognostic factors for patients with CPT are age, tumor size, surgery, chemotherapy, tumor number, pathologies, and race. For the prognostic nomogram, the area under the curve (AUC) of 60-, 120-, and 180-months were 0.855, 0.869 and 0.857 in the training set and 0.836, 0.864 and 0.922 in the test set. The DCA and calibration curve indicated the good performance of the nomogram. Patients with CPTs can be diagnosed at any age. Among the three histopathological tumors, patients with CPC had the worst prognosis. The nomogram was established to predict the prognosis of patients with CPT, which had satisfactory accuracy, and clinical utility may benefit for clinical decision-making.
An easy approach towards once a day sustained release dosage form using microporous Cu-MOFs as drug delivery vehicles
Authors: Akram Muhammad Usman , Nesrullah Muhammad , Afaq Sheereen , Malik Wasif Mahmood Ahmed , Ghafoor Abdul , Ismail Muhammad , Nawaz Haq , Ibrahim Muhammad , Verpoort Francis , Chughtai Adeel Hussain
Published: May 2024

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have potential as drug carriers on the basis of their surface areas and pore volumes that allow for high drug loading and fast release.
Prussian blue nanocubes with peroxidase-like activity for polyphenol detection in commercial beverages
Authors: Schneider Eduarda , Tita Marta D. , Guerreiro Joana L. , Duarte Abel J. , Moreira Felismina T. C.
Published: May 2024

The present study describes an efficient method for the determination of polyphenol content in beverages based on a composite material of graphene oxide decorated with Prussian blue nanocubes (rGO/PBNCs).
Basic evaluation of the CRISPR/Cas system stability for application to paper-based analytical devices
Authors: Tanifuji Yohei , Suzuki Hikaru , Tong Guodong , Hiruta Yuki , Citterio Daniel
Published: May 2024

Storage of CRISPR-related reagents dried on paper was investigated for various paper types, drying methods, stabilizers, and storage conditions.
Nonpolar selective emission (NPSE) of carbonyl-bridged rhodols
Authors: Tanioka Masaru , Mori Minori , Harada Mei , Matsuya Yuji , Kamino Shinichiro
Published: May 2024

Herein, we propose a concept called nonpolar selective emission (NPSE). We demonstrated that NPSE can be used as a sensing mechanism for the detection of chemical gases, and discovered the potential of NPSE dyes as a time-dependent security ink.
Tuning of chemical interface damping in single gold nanorods through pH-dependent host–guest interactions using cucurbit[6]uril
Authors: Kim Ji Min , Ha Ji Won
Published: May 2024

This study offers a new method for in situ CID tuning using CB[6]-based pH-sensitive host–guest interactions in individual AuNRs.
Solvent-free mechanochemistry for the preparation of mixed-ligand cuboctahedral porous coordination cages
Authors: Hoq Jahidul , Bloch Eric D.
Published: May 2024

This study investigates post-synthetic ligand exchange in a series of copper(ii) and chromium(ii) cuboctahedral cages of the formula M24(R-bdc)24 through solvent-free mechanochemistry for the preparation of mixed-ligand cages.
A multi-dimensional photodetector based on an α-MoO3 grating and graphene
Authors: Wang Yating , Wang Mingjun , Liu Haotuo , Wu Biyuan , Wang Xinyue , Wu Xiaohu
Published: May 2024

We have designed a high Q-factor polarization-dependent photodetector that combines the electronically tunable capabilities of graphene to achieve efficient dual-band polarization wave detection.
Enhanced near-infrared optical transmission in zinc germanium phosphide crystals via precise magnesium doping
Authors: Cheng Shichao , Zhang Xueyan , Kong Xiangran , Liu Tao , Yan Jingdong , Prikhna Tetiana , Shang Yunfei , Lei Zuotao , Yang Chunhui
Published: May 2024

Magnesium doping can effectively reduce zinc vacancy point defects in ZnGeP2 crystals, thereby improving optical transmittance at 2 μm.
Carbon-based photoelectrochemical sensors: recent developments and future prospects
Authors: Feng Zhi-Yuan , Jiang Jin-Chi , Meng Long-Yue
Published: May 2024

The composition and recognition elements of a PEC detection system and the classification of carbon materials.
Adsorption properties of M-UiO-66 (M = Zr(iv); Hf(iv) or Ce(iv)) with BDC or PDC linker
Authors: González Diego , Pazo-Carballo Cesar , Camú Esteban , Hidalgo-Rosa Yoan , Zarate Ximena , Escalona Néstor , Schott Eduardo
Published: May 2024

Zr(iv), Ce(iv), and Hf(iv), and the linkers BDC and PDC has been fully studied for the CO2 adsorption capability.
Complexation and disproportionation of group 4 metal (alkoxy) halides with phosphine oxides
Authors: Seno Carlotta , Pokratath Rohan , Unniram Parambil Ajmal Roshan , Van den Eynden Dietger , Dhaene Evert , Prescimone Alessandro , De Roo Jonathan
Published: May 2024

Metal alkoxy halides of group 4 interact with Lewis bases, causing disproportionation and complexation.
Physics-based extraction of material parameters from perovskite experiments via Bayesian optimization
Authors: Zhan Hualin , Ahmad Viqar , Mayon Azul , Dansoa Tabi Grace , Bui Anh Dinh , Li Zhuofeng , Walter Daniel , Nguyen Hieu , Weber Klaus , White Thomas , Catchpole Kylie
Published: May 2024

We present a materials analysis platform that extracts fundamental material parameters from experimental data via interpretable machine learning. This platform is adaptable to other materials/experiments and is implementable on desktop computers.
Micromotor-assisted bifunctional platform for efficient detection and removal of aniline
Authors: Xing Ningning , Lyu Yangsai , Zhao Weilin , Lan Ziwei , Zuo Min , Li Jia
Published: May 2024

A novel and facile strategy was applied in the design and fabrication of a micromotor-assisted dual-functional platform for the sensitive detection and rapid removal of aniline in water.
Removal of 3,4-dichlorophenol from water utilizing ferrate(vi): kinetic and mechanistic investigations and effects of coexisting anions
Authors: Luo Yiwen , Zheng Qing , Luo Zhiyong , Xiang Shuqing , Dai Mei
Published: May 2024

Fe(vi) has great potential in removing endocrine disrupting chemicals such as 3,4-DCP in water effectively and efficiently.
Carboxymethylated Lycium barbarum seed dreg dietary fiber alleviates high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice via intestinal regulation
Authors: Zhang Jian-Guo , Zhang Ying , Yang Gang , Zhang Wang-Wei , Thakur Kiran , Ni Zhi-Jing , Wei Zhao-Jun
Published: May 2024

The carboxymethylated Lycium barbarum seed dreg insoluble dietary fiber (IDFs) significantly alleviated HFD-induced dyslipidemia, inflammation and hepatocyte degeneration, and ameliorated gut dysbiosis and increased SCFAs levels in obese mice.
A facile sonochemical synthesis of the Zn-based metal–organic framework for electrochemical sensing of paracetamol
Authors: Ismail Khaled M. , Hassan Safaa S. , Medany Shymaa S. , Hefnawy Mahmoud A.
Published: May 2024

The synthesis of a zinc-based organic framework utilized a rapid, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly sonochemical method, for the electrochemical detection of paracetamol.
Tailorable and photochromic multifunctional methyl viologen/cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) films
Authors: Shi Yihan , Soto Miguel A. , Li Zongzhe , MacLachlan Mark J.
Published: May 2024

Combining methyl viologen dichloride with cellulose nanocrystals gave UV-responsive photochromic films that were applied to encrypton and sensing.
l-Proline-catalysed synthesis of chromeno[2,3-b]chromene from 4-hydroxy-2H-chromene-2-thione and an anti-proliferative study
Authors: Mandal Arnab , Singh Satyajit , Arora Arisha , Nambiar Sujisha S. , Ghosh Siddhartha S. , Khan Abu Taleb
Published: May 2024

A new class of chromeno[2,3-b]chromene derivatives is achieved from 4-hydroxy-2H-chromene-2-thione catalysed by l-proline. Some derivatives were studied for their anti-cancer activity and ROS generation.
Influence of remote carbamate protective groups on the β-selectivity in rhamnosylations
Authors: Koue Asger Munk , Pedersen Christian Marcus
Published: May 2024

In this work, we present the synthesis of a series of l-thiorhamnosyl donors containing O-carbamate protective groups and the study of their influence on the selectivity in rhamnosylations.
New homopolymers and copolymers based on 5-succinyl cyclooctene and mono-substituted ethylene glycols
Authors: Adzhieva Olga A. , Roenko Alexey V. , Denisova Yulia I. , Filatova Marina P. , Litmanovich Ekaterina A. , Shandryuk Georgiy A. , Finko Alexander V. , Kudryavtsev Yaroslav V.
Published: May 2024

New amphiphilic polyoctenamers containing ethylene glycol-based substituents at the 5th position were synthesized and characterized.
Signal amplified colorimetric nucleic acid detection based on autocatalytic hairpin assembly
Authors: Liu Yunhua , Jin Limin , Mao Jianfei , Deng Ru , Lin Fengyi , Cheng Yuxin , Li Min , Dai Jianyuan
Published: May 2024

Herein, a nucleic acid assay based on autocatalytic hairpin assembly (ACHA) was proposed.
Synthesis of dimeric 1,2-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxide scaffolds: molecular structures, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT and enzyme inhibition studies
Authors: Fatima Muqudis , Siddiqui Waseeq Ahmad , Choudhary Muhammad Iqbal , Ashraf Adnan , Niaz Shanawer , Raza Muhammad Asam , Alam Seikh Mafiz , Ashfaq Muhammad , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Dahlous Kholood Ahmed
Published: May 2024

DFT optimized geometry, Hirshfeld surface plot, and AChE and BChE docking studies for compound 8.
Medium-chain dicarboxylic acids: chemistry, pharmacological properties, and applications in modern pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries
Authors: Liao Zhengrui , Yeoh Yu-Kee , Parumasivam Thaigarajan , Koh Wee Yin , Alrosan Mohammad , Alu'datt Muhammad H. , Tan Thuan-Chew
Published: May 2024

Diverse chemistry, pharmacological properties, and applications in the modern pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries were reported and discussed for 7 medium-chain dicarboxylic acids.
New quinazolin-2,4-dione derivatives incorporating acylthiourea, pyrazole and/or oxazole moieties as antibacterial agents via DNA gyrase inhibition
Authors: Ibrahim Amal O. A. , Hassan Abdelfattah , Mosallam Ahmed M. , Khodairy Ahmed , Rashdan Huda R. M. , Abdelmonsef Aboubakr H.
Published: May 2024

Rationale design of new quinazolindione-clubbed pyrazole and/or oxazole hybrids.
Spontaneous stable rotation of flocking flexible active matter
Authors: Jiang Gaoxiao , You Zhihong , Ma Rui , Wu Chenxu
Published: May 2024

In this paper we present an n-node flexible active matter model to study the collective motion due to the flocking of individual achiral agents on a two-dimensional surface.
Vampire bat's tongue-inspired superhydrophilic flexible origami channel for directional and spontaneous liquid manipulation
Authors: Ye Zhihang , Zhao Jingyi , Tong Qianrui , Wang Xinsheng , Sun He , Bai Haoyu , Liu Kesong , Cao Moyuan
Published: May 2024

An improved bat-tongue-inspired superhydrophilic origami channel with liquid manipulation and collecting ability.
Metastable FeSe2 nanosheets as a one-for-all platform for stepwise synergistic tumor therapy
Authors: Zhang Naiyue , Jiang Liwen , Yue Yumeng , Zhao Xiaomin , Hu Yanwei , Shi Yali , Zhao Liying , Deng Dawei
Published: May 2024

Metastable two-dimensional (2D) FeSe2 nanosheets (NSs) are tailored as a synergistic nanoplatform that integrates enzyme activity and drug efficacy through the regulation of its stability.
Rubbery stretchable conductors based on 3D printed silver nanowires and their application in wearable optoelectronic devices
Authors: Xu Xingliang , Zhao Yu-Dong , Hu Junmei , Gao Wei-Chen , Qiao Jing , Chen Xuanbo , Guan Ying-Shi , Yang Hong , Li Quan
Published: May 2024

The facile and scalable manufacturing of rubbery stretchable conductors is realized based on 3D printed silver nanowires and their applications are demonstrated by constructing wearable photodetectors and transistors.
Visible-light-excited room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dots: preparation strategies, mechanisms, and applications
Authors: Guo Zengsheng , Yang Xiaodong , Xu Bo , Liu Guang-Ning , Zhang Yuhan , Qi Fangzheng , Sun Yiqiang , Li Cuncheng , Hang Lifeng
Published: May 2024

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in visible-light-excited RTP CDs, which includes the luminescence mechanisms, preparation strategies, property regulation, and potential applications.
Endothelin-1 impairs skeletal muscle myogenesis and development via ETB receptors and p38 MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Shui-Yu , Chen Luei-Kui , Jhong Yi-Ting , Chen Chien-Wei , Hsiao Li-En , Ku Huei-Chi , Lee Pin-Hsuan , Hwang Guey-Shyang , Juan Chi-Chang
Published: May 2024

Myopenia is a condition marked by progressive decline of muscle mass and strength and is associated with aging or obesity. It poses the risk of falling, with potential bone fractures, thereby also increasing the burden on family and society. Skeletal muscle wasting is characterized by a reduced number of myoblasts, impaired muscle regeneration and increased muscle atrophy markers (Atrogin-1, MuRF-1). Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide. Increased circulating levels of ET-1 is noted with aging and is associated with muscular fibrosis and decline of strength. However, the regulatory mechanism controlling its effect on myogenesis and atrophy remains unknown. In the present study, the effects of ET-1 on myoblast proliferation, differentiation and development were investigated in C2C12 cells and in ET-1-infused mice. The results show that ET-1, acting via ETB receptors, reduced insulin-stimulated cell proliferation, and also reduced MyoD, MyoG and MyHC expression in the differentiation processes of C2C12 myoblasts. ET-1 inhibited myoblast differentiation through ETB receptors and the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent pathway. Additionally, ET-1 decreased MyHC expression in differentiated myotubes. Inhibition of proteasome activity by MG132 ameliorated the ET-1-stimulated protein degradation in differentiated C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, chronic ET-1 infusion caused skeletal muscle atrophy and impaired exercise performance in mice. In conclusion, ET-1 inhibits insulin-induced cell proliferation, impairs myogenesis and induces muscle atrophy via ETB receptors and the p38 MAPK-dependent pathway.
Experimental feasibility analysis of quantum/classical coexistence over fibre and free space links
Authors: Stathis Aristeidis , Ntanos Argiris , Toumasis Panagiotis , Lyras Nikolaos K. , Giannoulis Giannis , Avramopoulos Hercules
Published: May 2024

The authors present a novel approach to Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) research, emphasising cost‐effectiveness and practicality using a single photon polarisation‐encoded system employing mainly commercial off‐the‐shelf components. This study diverges from previous high‐cost, high‐end setups by exploring the viability of QKD in more accessible and realistic settings. Our approach focuses on practical measurements of the signal‐to‐noise ratio by analysing polarisation‐encoded photonic qubits over various transmission scenarios. The authors introduce a simplified evaluation method that incorporates experimental measurements, such as noise sources and losses, into a semi‐empirical theoretical framework. This framework simulates the standard DS‐BB84 protocol to estimate Secure Key Rates (SKRs), offering an alternative approach on the evaluation of the practical implementation of QKD. Specifically, the authors examine the feasibility of QKD over a 2.2 km intra‐campus fibre link in coexistence scenarios, identifying optimal Wavelength‐Division Multiplexing allocations to minimise Raman noise, achieving an expected SKR of up to 300 bps. Additionally, the authors’ study extends to 40 m indoor and 100 m outdoor Free‐Space Optical (FSO) links using low‐cost components, where the authors recorded Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) values below 3.2%, allowing for possible SKRs up to 600 bps even in daylight operation. The converged fibre/FSO scenario demonstrated robust performance, with QBER values below 3.7% and an expected SKR of over 200 bps. Our research bridges the gap between high‐end and economical QKD solutions, providing valuable insights into the feasibility of QKD in everyday scenarios, especially within metropolitan fibre based and FSO links. By leveraging cost‐effective components and a simplified single photon exchange setup, the authors work paves the way for the effortless characterisation of deployed infrastructure, highlighting its potential in diverse settings and its accessibility for widespread implementation.
Gait‐based human recognition based on millimetre wave multiple input multiple output radar point cloud constructed using velocity‐depth‐time
Authors: He Xianxian , Zhang Yunhua , Dong Xiao
Published: May 2024

Gait recognition is to recognise different individuals based on their faint differences of gait characteristics, which is different from and more challengeable than the recognition of human activities based on relatively bigger differences between different motions. Existing millimetre‐wave Multiple Input Multiple Output radar point cloud data contains time‐varying three‐dimensional spatial positions, velocity, and intensity information. How to enhance the accuracy of gait recognition by effectively utilising the available radar point cloud data has become an attractive research topic in recent years. A velocity‐depth‐time (VDT) based point cloud construction method for millimetre‐wave Multiple Input Multiple Output radar is proposed for gait recognition application, which can not only alleviate the sparsity problem of mmWave point cloud but also make the constructed point cloud to exhibit temporal structural features of micro‐motions, and therefore enable the successful application of PointNet++ to mmWave‐MIMO point cloud gait recognition. New point clouds are constructed by the proposed method using public gait recognition datasets of 10 and 20 individuals from mmWave‐MIMO radar, which are used to conduct gait recognition experiments using PointNet++. The results show that the point clouds constructed based on VDT are more conducive to the gait recognition task. Even using the classic PointNet++ model, which is not specially designed for radar point clouds, high recognition accuracy can be achieved for gait recognition tasks. The recognition accuracies are improved by 11% and 12% in this work for datasets of 10 and 20 individuals, respectively, compared with the 84% and 80% achieved by the traditional method using the same dataset and the same PointNet++ model, while the accuracies are improved by 5% and 12%, respectively, compared with the 90% and 80% achieved by the original dataset thesis method corresponding to 10‐individual and 20‐individual datasets.
Improving Earth-like planet detection in radial velocity using deep learning
Authors: Zhao Yinan , Dumusque Xavier , Cretignier Michael , Cameron Andrew Collier , Latham David W. , López-Morales Mercedes , Mayor Michel , Sozzetti Alessandro , Cosentino Rosario , Gómez-Vargas Isidro , Pepe Francesco , Udry Stephane
Published: May 2024

Context. Many novel methods have been proposed to mitigate stellar activity for exoplanet detection as the presence of stellar activity in radial velocity (RV) measurements is the current major limitation. Unlike traditional methods that model stellar activity in the RV domain, more methods are moving in the direction of disentangling stellar activity at the spectral level. As deep neural networks have already been proven to be one of the most effective tools in data mining, in this work, we explore their potential in the context of Earth-like planet detection in RV measurements.

Aims. The goal of this paper is to present a novel convolutional neural network-based algorithm that efficiently models stellar activity signals at the spectral level, enhancing the detection of Earth-like planets.

Methods. Based on the idea that the presence of planets can only produce a Doppler shift at the spectral level while the presence of stellar activity can introduce a variation in the profile of spectral lines (asymmetry and depth change), we trained a convolutional neural network to build the correlation between the change in the spectral line profile and the corresponding RV, full width at half maximum (FWHM) and bisector span (BIS) values derived from the classical cross-correlation function.

Results. This algorithm has been tested on three intensively observed stars: Alpha Centauri B (HD 128621), Tau ceti (HD 10700), and the Sun. By injecting simulated planetary signals at the spectral level, we demonstrate that our machine learning algorithm can achieve, for HD 128621 and HD 10700, a detection threshold of 0.5 m s−1 in semi-amplitude for planets with periods ranging from 10 to 300 days. This threshold would correspond to the detection of a ~4 M⊕ in the habitable zone of those stars. On the HARPS-N solar dataset, thanks to significantly more data, our algorithm is even more efficient at mitigating stellar activity signals and can reach a threshold of 0.2 m s−1, which would correspond to a 2.2 M⊕ planet on the orbit of the Earth.

Conclusions. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that such low detection thresholds are reported for the Sun, but also for other stars, and therefore this highlights the efficiency of our convolutional neural network-based algorithm at mitigating stellar activity in RV measurements.
Research on the technology of casing inspection through tubing in the Saertu Development Zone of Daqing Oilfield
Authors: Zhao Zhonghe
Published: May 2024

With the further development of Daqing Oilfield, the occurrence of widespread casing damage in the Saertu Development Area has been on the rise annually.In order to promptly prevent, detect and address casing damage, the management departments of the oil extraction plants must schedule regular casing inspection operations. This approach not only raises production costs but also prolongs the well shutdown period, further impacting crude oil output.This article focuses on the technical needs of oilfield development and has developed tubing and casing detection technology, the radial magnetic scanning system is integrated with the sixteen arm wellbore diameter, the synchronous tubing and casing inspection instrument represents the latest in concurrent inspection technology, developed specifically for the technical demands of oilfield development Without displacing the tubing column, it simultaneously captures data on tubing inner diameter, tubing continuity, the extent of casing damage via magnetic scanning, and continuous 3D imaging of the tubing at standard inspection speeds, the workload of checking and matching tasks were significantly reduced. Between 2022 and 2023, the through-tubing casing inspection technology was utilized in 525 wells, with 356 wells verified by mobilizing the tubing column, achieving a predictive accuracy of 87.6% and generating economic benefits of 69.6 million yuan.
Quantitative Study of Post-Pandemic Electricity Productivity Fluctuations Based on LMDI
Authors: Wu Shanshan , Ji Guoqiang , Zhang Shujun , Chen Jiaxi , Lu Haiqing
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on China's electricity productivity post-pandemic, employing the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method and the Kaya identity. Despite the clarity of the electricity productivity indicator, factors like industrial structure, energy efficiency, and electrification rates contribute to fluctuations. Quantitative analysis reveals a decisive role of the terminal electrification rate in declining electricity productivity. The proposed analytical method provides a more accurate assessment of electricity's contribution to economic growth, aiding informed policy decisions for sustainable energy development in China.
Prüfungsthema: Giftig
Authors: Schmid Eva C.
Published: May 2024

Liebe Heilpraktikeranwärter – mit diesen Karteikarten wollen wir Sie bei der Vorbereitung auf die mündliche Heilpraktikerüberprüfung unterstützen. Viel Erfolg beim Lernen wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Neue Wirkstoffe: Nebelkerze oder echte Innovation?
Authors: Wendland Matthias
Published: May 2024

Nachdem zur Migränetherapie über Jahrzehnte weitgehend nur ASS und Mutterkornalkaloide zur Verfügung standen, gefolgt von Triptanen in den 90er-Jahren, sind mit dem CGRP-Hemmer Rimegepant (Akuttherapie und Prophylaxe) und dem 5-HT1FRezeptoragonisten Lasmiditan (Akuttherapie) nun zwei spezifischere Wirkstoffe auf dem Markt. Für die Behandlung der homozygoten familiären Hypercholesterolämie (HoFH) steht nun der Antikörper Evinacumab als Cholesterinsenker zur Verfügung, für die Typ-2-Diabetes-Therapie außerdem das blutzuckersenkende GLP-1- und GIP-Analogon Tirzepatid. Der selektive Zytokininhibitor Tezepelumab bietet einen neuen Ansatz für die Add-on-Erhaltungstherapie bei schwerem Asthma bronchiale, das trotz kombinierter Anwendung von hochdosierten inhalativen Glukokortikoiden und einem weiteren Arzneimittel nicht ausreichend behandelt werden kann.
Kleiner Stich mit großen Folgen?
Authors: Schmid Eva C.
Published: May 2024

Bisse und Stiche von Insekten oder Spinnen kennt fast jeder. Sie sind unangenehm und häufig schmerzhaft, ihre Folgen jedoch zumeist relativ harmlos. Komplikationen sind möglich, wenn durch die Bisse oder Stiche gefährliche Krankheitserreger oder toxische Substanzen übertragen werden. Neben Hautveränderungen können lebensbedrohliche Immunreaktionen ebenso auftreten wie schwerwiegende Folgeerkrankungen. Differenzialdiagnostisch werden Beschwerden mit Symptomen wie Hautrötung, Juckreiz und Schwellungen, die nicht durch Bisse oder Stiche provoziert werden, betrachtet.
Sanfte Entlastung mit Genuss
Authors: Fernkäse Uta
Published: May 2024

Die Aufnahme zu vieler säurebildender Nahrungsmittel belastet den Säure-Basen-Haushalt des Körpers. Auch Erkrankungen können dazu führen, dass Säuren nur unzureichend abgebaut werden. Das Basenfasten kann chronischer Übersäuerung entgegenwirken und hilft, das Säure-Basen-Gleichgewicht im Körper wiederherzustellen. Eine Basenwoche ist leicht umzusetzen und bietet einen Einstieg in eine ausgeglichene Ernährungsweise. Mit der Fünf-Elemente-Ernährung der TCM lässt sich der basenbetonte Speiseplan ergänzen. Dabei lindert die gesündere Lebensweise verschiedene Beschwerden – und ist darüber hinaus bekömmlich und genussvoll.
Rektumkarzinom: neoadjuvante Strategien und total neoadjuvante Therapie
Authors: Hofheinz Ralf-Dieter
Published: May 2024

Die Behandlungsstrategien beim lokal fortgeschrittenen Rektumkarzinom sind stark im
Wandel. Die in den Leitlinien für lokal fortgeschrittene Tumoren uniform empfohlene Therapie
mit neoadjuvanter Radio(chemo)therapie (RChT), gefolgt von Chirurgie und ggf. adjuvanter
Therapie ist mittlerweile zugunsten folgender Konzepte verlassen: 1. verlängerte neoadjuvante
Therapie („mehr Chemotherapie vor der Operation“ als totale neoadjuvante Therapie, TNT,
bezeichnet); 2. Organerhalt bei Patienten mit einem kompletten klinischen Ansprechen nach
einer neoadjuvanten RChT; 3. Verzicht auf Strahlentherapie bei niedrigem Lokalrezidivrisiko;
4. definitive Immuntherapie mit Checkpoint-Inhibitoren bei Patient*innen mit einem
mikrosatelliteninstabilen (MSI) Primärtumor. Im vorliegenden Beitrag sollen ausgehend vom
leitlinienbasierten Status quo diese 4 neuen Strategien und aktuelle Studienkonzepte
diskutiert werden.
Influence of Substitutions and Roles on Kinematic Variables in
Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Laterza Francesco , Savoia Cristian , Bovenzi Antonio , D’Onofrio Rosario , Pompa Dario , Annino Giuseppe , Manzi Vincenzo
Published: May 2024

In soccer, roles and substitutions can make it unclear how different physical
capacities decrease over time and impact performance. This investigation aimed
to analyze kinematic parameters and their changes over game time, and provide
information to effectively prescribe training programs. Data from four
professional teams were analyzed, and all the teams competed in the Italian
First Division (Serie A). Average metabolic power and high-intensity activities
associated with critical moments in the match were considered in the
comparisons. The video analysis system STATS SportVU collected the data during
official matches. Players were assigned to a specific group according to their
time played, categorized as follows: 0–15’, 15–30’, 30–45’, 45–60’, 60–75’,
75–90’, and > 90 min. Different roles, including forwards and wingers (FW),
midfielders (MF), center-backs (CB), and side-backs (SB) were also considered.
Significant differences (p<0.05) were found in different roles and within
roles at different times played. The results highlighted how MF performance
decreased over time, whereas CB was unaffected by time. SB spent more time at
very high velocity than other roles, independently from the time played. These
findings provide valuable information about the physical demands of official
soccer matches and could be used to review training prescriptions.
Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in High-Risk Patients: Success versus Risk
Authors: Niemann Bernd , Doll Nicolas , Grubitzsch Herko , Hanke Thorsten , Knaut Michael , Senges Jochen , Ouarrak Taoufik , Vondran Maximilian , Böning Andreas
Published: May 2024

Background Surgical atrial ablation is evaluated by surgeons in relation to the estimated surgical risk. We analyze whether high-risk patients (HRPs) experience risk escalation by ablation procedures.

Methods The CASE-Atrial Fibrillation (AF) registry is a prospective, multicenter, all-comers registry of atrial ablation in cardiac surgery. We analyzed the 1-year outcome regarding survival and rhythm endpoints of 1,000 consecutive patients according to the operative risk classification (EuroSCORE II ≤ 2 vs. >2).

Results Higher NYHA (New York Heart Association) score, ischemic heart failure, status poststroke, renal insufficiency, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes mellitus were strongly represented in HRPs. HRPs exhibit more left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% (19.2 vs. 8.8%; p < 0.001) but identical left atrial diameter and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter compared with low-risk patients (LRPs). CHA2DS-Vasc-score (2.4 ± 1 vs. 3.6 ± 1.5; p < 0.001), sternotomies, combination surgeries, coronary artery bypass graft, and mitral valve procedures were increased in HRPs. LRPs underwent stand-alone ablations as well. Ablation energy did not differ. Left atrial appendage closure was performed in up to 86.1% (mainly cut-and-sew procedures). Mortality corresponded to the original risk class without an escalation that may be related to ablation, stroke rate, or myocardial infarction. A total of 60.6% of HRPs versus 75.1% of LRPs were discharged in sinus rhythm. Long-term EHRA (European Heart Rhythm Association) score symptoms were lower in HRPs. Repeated rhythm therapies were rare. Additional antiarrhythmics received a minority without group dependency. A total of 1.6 versus 4.1% of HRPs (p = 0.042) underwent long-term stroke; excess mortality was not observed. Anticoagulation remained common in HRPs.

Conclusion Surgical risk and long-term mortality are determined by the underlying disease. In HRPs, freedom from AF and symptom relief can be achieved. Preoperative risk scores should not lead to withholding an ablation procedure.
Terrorism Studies beyond counter-counterterrorism: opening the door to Jenseits
Authors: Ó Guaire Keagan
Published: May 2024

This paper offers some lines of flight away from stagnant features of Terrorism Studies. I largely reiterate the critiques made by field leaders like Lee Jarvis, but I frame the field in a way that eases the tensions between different forms of critical scholarship which have frustrated other writers. Where others split the field into ‘traditional’ and ‘critical’ strands and admonish the ‘critical’ strand for its reticence to reflexively critique its referent objects, I suggest that Terrorism Studies can be read as a convergence of ‘Counterterrorism Studies’, ‘Critical Terrorism Studies’ and ‘The Beyond’. While the second category exists primarily to grapple with the first, relying heavily on the language and theoretical frameworks of the first, the third category troubles the very constitution of concepts like the state and the figure of the terrorist, which are the sine qua non of the first two categories.
First-principles-based machine learning interatomic potential for molecular dynamics simulations of 2D lateral MoS2/WS2 heterostructures
Authors: Liu Xiangjun , Wang Baolong , Jia Kun , Wang Quanjie , Wang Di , Xiong Yucheng
Published: May 2024

Understanding the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and their heterostructures is pivotal for advancing the development of flexible semiconductor devices, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is widely applied to study these properties. However, current uncertainties persist regarding the efficacy of empirical potentials in MD simulations to accurately describe the intricate performance of complex interfaces within heterostructures. This study addresses these challenges by developing an interatomic potential based on deep neural networks and first-principles calculations. Specifically focusing on MoS2/WS2 heterostructures, our approach aims to predict Young's modulus and thermal conductivities. The potential's effectiveness is demonstrated through the validation of structural features, mechanical properties, and thermodynamic characteristics, revealing close alignment with values derived from first-principles calculations. A noteworthy finding is the substantial influence of the load direction on Young's modulus of heterostructures. Furthermore, our results highlight that the interfacial thermal conductance of the MoS2/WS2 heterostructures is considerably larger than that of graphene-based interfaces. The potential developed in this work facilitates large-scale material simulations, bridging the gap with first-principles calculations. Notably, it outperforms empirical potentials under interface conditions, establishing its significant competitiveness in simulation computations. Our approach not only contributes to a deeper understanding of TMDs and heterostructures but also presents a robust tool for the simulation of their mechanical and thermal behaviors, paving the way for advancements in flexible semiconductor device manufacturing.
Patterning and epitaxy of large-area arrays of nanoscale complex oxide epitaxial heterostructures
Authors: Betancourt-Ponce Miguel A. , Liu Rui , Sun Jian , Evans Paul G. , Gopalan Padma
Published: May 2024

A combination of block copolymer (BCP) lithography and solid-phase epitaxy can be employed to form large areas, on the order of square centimeters, of a high density of epitaxial crystalline complex oxide nanostructures. We have used BCP lithography with a poly(styrene-block-methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) copolymer to template a nanohole array either directly on an (001)-oriented SrTiO3 (STO) single crystal substrate or on a 20 nm-thick Si3N4 layer deposited on the STO substrate. BCPs with the selected compositions assembled in a cylindrical phase with 16 nm diameter PMMA cylinders and a cylinder-to-cylinder spacing of 32 nm. The substrate was modified with an energetically non-preferential polymer layer to allow for the vertical alignment of the cylinders. The PMMA cylinders were removed using a subtractive process, leaving an array of cylindrical holes. For BCPs assembled on Si3N4/STO, the pattern was transferred to the Si3N4 layer using reactive ion etching, exposing the underlying STO substrate in the nanoholes. An amorphous LaAlO3 (LAO) layer was deposited on the patterned Si3N4/STO at room temperature. The amorphous LAO epitaxially crystallized within the nanoscale-patterned holes with fully relaxed lattice parameters through solid phase epitaxy, resulting in the formation of nanoscale LAO/STO epitaxial heterostructures.
Dynamic modulation of multicolor upconversion luminescence of Er3+ via excitation pulse width
Authors: Ma En , Yu Shiqi , You Wenwu , Tu Datao , Wen Fei , Xing Yun , Lu Shan , Chen Xueyuan
Published: May 2024

Lanthanide-doped upconversion (UC) luminescent materials display multicolor emissions, making them ideal for a variety of applications, such as multi-channel biological imaging, fluorescence encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and 3D display. Manipulating the UC emissions of the luminescent materials with a fixed composition is crucial for their applications. Herein, we propose a facile strategy to achieve pulse-width-dependent multicolor UC emissions in NaYF4:Yb/Er/Tm nanocrystals. Upon excitation with a 980 nm continuous-wave laser diode, Er3+ ions in NaYF4:20%Yb,15%Er,1%Tm nanocrystals exhibited UC emissions with a red-to-green (R/G) ratio of 11.3. Nevertheless, by employing a 980 nm pulse laser with pulse widths from 0.1 to 10 ms, the UC R/G ratio can be easily adjusted from 0.9 to 11.3, resulting in continuous and remarkable color transformation from green, yellow, orange, to red. By virtue of the dynamic luminescence color variation of these NaYF4:20%Yb,15%Er,1%Tm nanocrystals, we demonstrated their potential applications in the areas of anti-counterfeiting and information encryption. These findings provide deep insights into the excited-state dynamics and energy transfer of Er3+ in NaYF4:Yb/Er/Tm nanocrystals upon 980 nm pulse excitation, which may pave the way for designing multicolor UC materials toward versatile applications.
Discovering melting temperature prediction models of inorganic solids by combining supervised and unsupervised learning
Authors: Gharakhanyan Vahe , Wirth Luke J. , Garrido Torres Jose A. , Eisenberg Ethan , Wang Ting , Trinkle Dallas R. , Chatterjee Snigdhansu , Urban Alexander
Published: May 2024

The melting temperature is important for materials design because of its relationship with thermal stability, synthesis, and processing conditions. Current empirical and computational melting point estimation techniques are limited in scope, computational feasibility, or interpretability. We report the development of a machine learning methodology for predicting melting temperatures of binary ionic solid materials. We evaluated different machine-learning models trained on a dataset of the melting points of 476 non-metallic crystalline binary compounds using materials embeddings constructed from elemental properties and density-functional theory calculations as model inputs. A direct supervised-learning approach yields a mean absolute error of around 180 K but suffers from low interpretability. We find that the fidelity of predictions can further be improved by introducing an additional unsupervised-learning step that first classifies the materials before the melting-point regression. Not only does this two-step model exhibit improved accuracy, but the approach also provides a level of interpretability with insights into feature importance and different types of melting that depend on the specific atomic bonding inside a material. Motivated by this finding, we used a symbolic learning approach to find interpretable physical models for the melting temperature, which recovered the best-performing features from both prior models and provided additional interpretability.
Designing PEDOT: PSS/Si hybrid solar cells via numerical simulation: optimum selection of the absorber and hole transport layer thickness and defect density
Authors: Krishnan Akhil , Ahmed Nafis , P Balaji Bhargav , P Ramasamy
Published: May 2024

Numerical investigation of PEDOT: PSS/Si heterostructures was carried out using solar cell capacitance simulation (SCAPS 1D) in which experimentally observed absorbance of PEDOT: PSS was incorporated. The defect density of PEDOT: PSS, the defect density of n-Si, and the donor doping density of n-type silicon wafer were investigated based on the optimized absorption coefficient of n-type silicon wafer. The optimized value of PEDOT: PSS thickness, doping density, and the defect density of both PEDOT: PSS and n-Si were determined. The contour colour mapping tool was used to predict the efficiency region of the heterojunction solar cell. 21.2% efficient PEDOT: PSS/n-Si hybrid solar cells resulted after optimizing the parameters.