bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Questionnaires of the Society for Assistance to Victims of Intervention on Crimes Committed Near Tsaritsyn in 1918 as a Historical Source
Authors: Shumakov Mikhail ,   Saint Petersburg State University
Published: July 2024

Introduction. The article examines the activities of the Society for Assistance to Victims of Intervention in 1918 in Tsaritsyn and the surrounding regions. The question of the creation of Society and the purposes of its work is briefly considered. This is a Soviet public organization created to identify the negative consequences of intervention and substantiate the counter-claims of the USSR to capitalist countries. As part of their activities, representatives of the society interviewed victims of the actions of the interventionists, white armies, and other opponents of Soviet power. Methods and materials. The publication presents the results of the study of questionnaires that were collected in the specified chronological and geographical framework and were deposited in the GA of the Russian Federation. Analysis. The structure of the article corresponds to the structure of the society questionnaires. First, information about the social composition of the surveyed citizens is presented. Then the issue of persons responsible for causing damage was considered (based on information from the column “circumstances of the damage suffered”). There is information here about both specific commanders and military formations. After that, the places where the cases of material and physical damage have the greatest density are determined. The circumstances of causing damage to citizens in the village of Mikhailovka, on the farm Kalach, etc. are considered in detail. The circumstances that caused the damage to the population and the evidence presented by the applicants in support of their words are also considered separately. Finally, questions were raised about the legal procedure that accompanied the collection of questionnaires and their acceptance into work, about the processing of questionnaires on the Society Board, and about the statistical data collected by Society employees in the vicinity of Tsaritsyn in 1918. Results. The article reveals the nature of the work of the Society for Assistance to Victims of the Revolution, using the example of the South of Russia. The study of this issue will allow us to look at the Civil War from the perspective of an ordinary member of society and supplement the plots developed in historiography (such as the defense of Tsaritsyn, etc.) with new information.
EFFECT OF FLASH-BOILING AND AIR-ASSISTED INJECTION ON METHANOL SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Su Maohui , Ding Jiaqing , Liu Kai , Xu Cangsu , Zhou Wenhua
Published: July 2024

The advantages of methanol as an alternative fuel have been well demonstrated. However, the difficulty of atomization restricts its practical application. Also, flash-boiling and air-assisted injection have been shown to improve the atomization quality of fuels. In this work, the methanol spray characteristics with and without air assistance were experimentally investigated. The experimental conditions
include flash-boiling and non-flash-boiling states. High-speed backlight imaging and a Malvern laser particle size analyzer were used to obtain the spray images and droplet sizes, respectively. The flash-boiling state caused a significant variation in spray morphology and the formation of high-concentration central plumes with greater velocity. Compared to the non-flash-boiling spray, the droplet
size of the central plumes is larger, whereas the peripheral droplets have a smaller particle size. The droplet size of the air-assisted spray at normal temperature and pressure can reach approximately 3.5 μm, whereas that of the methanol spray without air assistance under a strong flash-boiling state is approximately 60 μm, indicating that air-assisted injection can significantly improve the atomization quality of methanol spray. Furthermore, because of the good atomization, the air-assisted methanol
spray is significantly affected by evaporation at high temperatures, and no significant transition of a
flash-boiling state was observed.
Assessing Autumn Cold Hardiness in Newly Planted Fruit Trees and Grapevines
Authors: Atay Ayşe Nilgün , Atay Ersin
Published: July 2024

Low-temperature damage is one of the key factors that limits the distribution of tree species in an area. This damage is not always the result of low temperatures in winter or during bloom. Actively growing trees or parts of trees do not harden, may be injured by lower temperatures or erratic temperature fluctuations in autumn. It is essential that the capability of each separate scion/rootstock combination to tolerate cold temperatures should be tested especially when the trees are young and a serious climate change is taking place. The overall goal of this study was to investigate the effect of early autumn temperature on fruit and grapevine species, including various cultivars and rootstocks, after plantings and to determine the cold hardiness. The autumn term of 2022 was one of the periods we have experienced notable temperature fluctuations was observed, particularly in September. The day-night temperature difference reached 21.5°C on September 24. Subsequent field observations revealed significant variation in autumn cold tolerance among species, cultivars, and rootstocks. In this study, cold injury was observed in fifteen of the 29 examined species in the autumn after planting. During unfavourable autumn conditions, young trees of fig, persimmon, walnut, and chestnut cultivars were classified as very susceptible. It is most likely that the hardening process in these four species was more affected by erratic temperature fluctuations in the early phase of hardening.
Exchange Rate Disconnect and the Trade Balance
Authors: Bodenstein Martin , Cuba-Borda Pablo , Goernemann Nils , Presno Ignacio
Published: July 2024

We propose a model with costly international financial intermediation that links exchange rate movements to shifts in the demand for domestically produced goods relative to the demand for imported goods (trade rebalancing). Our model is consistent with stylized facts of exchange rate dynamics, including those related to the trade balance, which is typically overlooked in the literature on exchange rate determination. In a quantitative assessment, trade rebalancing explains nearly 50 percent of exchange rate fluctuations over the business cycle, whereas exogenous deviations from the uncovered interest rate parity—the primary source of exchange rate fluctuations in the literature—account for just above 20 percent. Using data on trade flows or the trade balance is key to properly identifying the determinants of the exchange rate. Thus, our model overcomes the sharp dichotomy between the real exchange rate and the macroeconomy embedded in other models of exchange rate determination.
Monetary Policy without Moving Interest Rates: The Fed Non-Yield Shock
Authors: Boehm Christoph E. , Kroner T. Niklas
Published: July 2024

Existing high-frequency monetary policy shocks explain surprisingly little variation in stock prices and exchange rates around FOMC announcements. Further, both of these asset classes display heightened volatility relative to non-announcement times. We use a heteroskedasticity-based procedure to estimate a “Fed non-yield shock”, which is orthogonal to yield changes and is identified from excess volatility in the S and P 500 and various dollar exchange rates. A positive non-yield shock raises stock prices in the U.S. and around the globe, and depreciates the dollar against all major currencies. The non-yield shock is essentially uncorrelated with previous monetary policy shocks and its effects are large in comparison. Its strong effects on the VIX and other risk-related measures point towards a dominant risk premium channel. We show that the non-yield shock can be related to Fed communications and that its existence has implications for the identification of structural monetary policy shocks.
Tax Heterogeneity and Misallocation
Authors: Kaymak Baris , Schott Immo
Published: July 2024

There is substantial asymmetry in effective corporate income tax rates across firms. While tax asymmetries would reduce productivity in frictionless economies, they can improve efficiency in a distorted economy if taxes alleviate other economic frictions. We develop a framework to estimate to what extent tax asymmetries affect productivity in distorted economies. Using US firm-level balance sheet data alongside measures of effective marginal tax rates, we find a positive correlation between tax rates and factor productivity, suggesting that tax asymmetry exacerbates the distortions from other economic frictions. Eliminating tax rate asymmetries would raise aggregate productivity by 3 to 4 percent if taxes distort capital costs alone. Models where taxes also distort the marginal cost of labor predict potential gains as high as 9 percent.
Developing Countries’ Deadlock: What Does the Thirlwall's Law Offer Us?
Authors: Can Ziya
Published: July 2024

This study aims to discuss potential alternatives for economic development in developing countries, with contributions from the theoretical background of Thirlwall's law. Developing countries' foreign trade constraints will be highlighted, followed by a comparison of Türkiye's past growth performance with results obtained from Thirlwall’s Law equations using balance of payments data. Türkiye's actual growth rates closely resemble the growth forecast of Thirlwall’s model, which indicates that post-Keynesian approaches are worth considering to alter the current situation. While providing a perfect solution that could reverse everything for developing countries may be a distant goal, this study aspires to foster a mindset capable of changing the course of events.
The Effect of Real Wages on Employment after the Global Financial Crisis: The Case of the Turkish Manufacturing Industry
Authors: İlhan Ali , Akdeniz Coşkun
Published: July 2024

This paper analyzes the effect of real wages on employment in the Turkish manufacturing industry after the 2008 global financial crisis. The effect was estimated for 24 manufacturing sectors using panel data analysis covering the period from 2009Q1 to 2019Q4. The panel cointegration results demonstrated a significant long-run relationship between real wages and employment, while the panel augmented mean group (AMG) estimator results indicated a significant long-run positive effect of real wages on employment. At the sectoral level, the effect was either insignificant or positive except for one sector. These findings indicate that an increase in real wages can raise employment by positively affecting the goods market and national income through the effective demand channel. That is, the manufacturing industry’s wage policies for enhancing effective demand can raise employment in Türkiye.
Когнитивные медиаторы удовлетворенности доходом на пенсии
Authors: Забелина Екатерина Вячеславовна , Максименко Александр Александрович , Трушина Ирина Александровна , Кропачева Виталина Витальевна
Published: July 2024

Успешное старение – один из ведущих трендов в междисциплинарных исследованиях. Большая часть исследований рассматривает фактический уровень дохода и его влияние на субъективное благополучие пенсионеров. В данной статье представлены результаты исследования, направленного на анализ факторов, определяющих удовлетворенность доходом среди пенсионеров. Основываясь на данных, собранных в Челябинской области, показано, как формируется понимание сложной детерминации удовлетворенности материальным положением в период поздней социализации. Исследование демонстрирует, что удовлетворенность доходом на пенсии не является результатом исключительно социально-­эко­номических факторов, но зависит от биологических и когнитивных факторов, а также от общего уровня субъективного благополучия. Одним из выводов является идентификация когнитивных переменных, таких как позитивные базисные убеждения и временной фокус на настоящем, как значимых предикторов удовлетворенности доходом. Эти факторы действуют как медиаторы, опосредующие влияние социально-­экономических и биологических переменных на экономическое благополучие. В исследовании показана специфическая роль когнитивных переменных в процессе поздней социализации и дано расширенное представление о механизмах, лежащих в основе удовлетворенности материальным положением пенсионеров. На основе полученных данных авторы рекомендуют когнитивно-­поведенческую терапию в предпенсионный период для коррекции представлений о себе, о своем возрасте, профессиональном уровне и окружающем мире с целью повышения уровня субъективного экономического благополучия на пенсии. Такой подход может способствовать улучшению общего благополучия и удовлетворенности жизнью на пенсии. Исследование подтверждает необходимость комплексного подхода к анализу удовлетворенности доходом на пенсии и предлагает новые направления для будущих исследований и разработки социальных программ поддержки пенсионеров.
Markov Models of Genomic Events
Authors: Orchidea Maria Lecian Sapienza
Published: July 2024

The Markov Models of genomic elements are newly considered. The representation of the fundamental matrix of the Markov model is newly theorised. The order of magnitude of the initial conditions for the elements of the transition probabilities is newly hypothesised. The model is compared with a sub-Hidden Markov Model of genomic events. The chosen representation of the states is newly proven to consist of an enveloping algebra. The new condition is posed on the Markovian feature of the originating chain from the study of the elements of the loci of the state space; in this case, the choice of the representation of the probability matrix is analytically spelled out, and Monte Carlo methods are not necessitated.
The Effect of Polymyxin B-Immobilized Fiber Column Hemoperfusion for Sepsis: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kim Do Wan , Kim Jeong-Min , Seong Yong-Sang , Habimana Reverien , Cho Hwa-Jin , Jeong In-Seok
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Polymyxin B hemoperfusion (PMX-HP) on patients with sepsis.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using relevant articles retrieved from 3 databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE). Randomized studies from 1 January 1999 to 28 February 2022 were examined to determine the clinical results of PMX-HP. A meta-analysis was carried out using the random-effects method, meta-regression with clinical variables, and assessment of risk of bias (ROB) tool (Cochrane ROB assessment tool). Mortality was evaluated within 60 days of hospitalization (in-hospital death 28-day, 30-day, and 60-day mortality) and predictors associated with mortality were determined using meta-regression.Results: There were 11 randomized studies with 548 patients included in the meta-analysis. The pooled mortality was 35% (95% CI, 27%-42%, 95% CI 0.53-0.96). Further subgroup analysis was performed according to the duration of PMX-HP. An extension of PMX-HP treatment beyond 2 hours (pooled mortality, 43%; 95% CI, 9%-76%) compared with a 2-hour session (pooled mortality, 33%. 95% CI, 27%-38%) showed an increase in mortality rates. However, this was not statistically significant. Univariate meta-regression showed that patient’s age, the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation score, and the sequential organ failure assessment score did not significantly impact mortality.Conclusion: While PMX-HP is valuable in the management of septic shock, treatment duration should be based on careful assessment of the patient's condition, the risks and benefits of prolonged therapy, and the overall treatment strategy including antimicrobial management and source control.
Management of Respiratory Failure in Shoulder Arthroscopy: A Case Report
Authors: Vankadaru Lal Meher Pradeep , Bellapukonda Snigdha
Published: July 2024

Subcutaneous emphysema is a known but rare complication in shoulder arthroscopies. Addition of complications like bilateral hydrothorax confuse the situation to the intensivist. We report the case of a patient posted for shoulder arthroscopy who developed subcutaneous emphysema but later diagnosed to have bilateral hydrothorax. The perplexity in the diagnosis was cleared by investigating further. This case report attempts to resolve the diagnostic confusion involved in managing complications after shoulder arthroscopy.
High-Yield Monocyte/Macrophage Differentiation from hiPSC v1
Authors: Rodriguez Lilia , Petit Florence
Published: July 2024

Here, a highly efficient method for differentiating monocytes/macrophages from hiPSC is described. The process utilizes commercially-available materials to derive CD34+ progenitor cells that are apically released from a hemogenic endothelium. Subsequently, the hemogenic endothelium gives rise to highly pure (>95%), CD34-CD14+ monocytes in 19-23 days and yields more monocytes by day 35 when compared to previous methods. These monocytes are further differentiated to macrophages after 7 days. The efficient workflow and increase in monocyte output boost feasibility for high throughput studies and enables clinical-scale iPSC-derived manufacturing processes.
Automated Bar-Seq Library Preparation and Pooling v2
Authors: Ross David , Alperovich Nina
Published: July 2024

Protocol for automated Bar-Seq Library preparation This protocol prepares 96 DNA samples, representing 24 samples from 4 different timepoints, for multiplexed Illumina sequencing. The process starts with two rounds of PCR, each followed by a bead-based cleanup. The first round of PCR attaches primers that serve as tags to identify the timepoint and sample (e.g., time-points 1-4 in the Pooled, Growth-Based Assay Protocol). The second round of PCR attaches flow-cell adapters required for Illumina sequencing. Following the PCR and cleanup steps, the protocol outlines a procedure for pooling all samples together to ensure balanced representation during sequencing. This process starts with quantifying each sample's DNA concentration and then diluting and pooling together samples from the same timepoint. The pooled samples' concentrations are then measured, and a small quantity of each timepoint sample is run on a gel to ensure the cleanup process was successful. The final step is to dilute and pool of all timepoint samples into one multiplexed tube for subsequent Illumina sequencing. NOTES: Before implementing this protocol, prepare the magnetic bead suspension following the Preparation of Sera-mag SpeedBeads protocol. This protocol should be implemented after the Automation Protocol for Plasmid DNA Extraction fromE. coli protocol A fragment analyzer can also be used instead of a gel to determine if the PCR clean-up process was a success
T cell purification and activation v1
Authors: Nouh Elemeery Moustafa , Boulet Salix
Published: July 2024

This protocol details the purification and activation of Mouse Naïve CD8+ T Cell using an isolation kit from STEMCELL. This kit is designed to isolate naïve CD62L+CD44-CD8+ T cells from single-cell suspensions of splenocytes by negative selection. Unwanted cells are targeted for removal with biotinylated antibodies that are directed against non-naïve CD8+ T cells (CD4, CD11b, CD11c, CD19, CD44, CD45R/B220, CD49b, TCRγ/δ, TER119) and streptavidin-coated magnetic particles. Labeled cells are separated using an EasySep‱ magnet without the use of columns.
Isolation of brain infiltrating lymphocytes v2
Authors: Nouh Elemeery Moustafa , Boulet Salix , not provided louis-eric.trudeau , Labrecque Nathalie
Published: July 2024

This protocol details the isolation of brain infiltrating lymphocytes. Splenic lymphocytes are screened to verify the presence/phenotype of CD8 in the periphery.
Singleplex Assay for Function Measurements v1
Authors: Ross David
Published: July 2024

This protocol outlines an assay for measuring the function of plasmid variants in singleplex. The inputs include separate E. coli glycerol stocks for each variant. The protocol begins with several growths which convert the separate glycerol stocks into cultures that have reach stationary phase in a 96-well plate. The glycerol stocks are first grown overnight in separate tubes. The next morning, the optical density (OD) of each culture is measured, and then each culture is distributed into a 96-well growth plate. This plate is placed in a plate reader/incubator to grow to stationary phase (~12 hours) without antibiotics or additives (except those required for plasmid maintenance). After this point, the cultures are ready to act as an inputs for next growth cycle. Throughout the subsequent growths, optical density (OD) and fluorescent measurements are recommended to be taken every 5 minutes and at the end of each growth plate's incubation. The growth cycles are all ~3 hours long, so that cells stay in mid-log phase. At the end of the last growth cycle, a small amount of the plated cultures act as input for quantification using a flow-cytometer and fluorescent beads. Note that unlike the related fitness assays (e.g., https://www.protocols.io/view/singleplex-assay-for-fitness-measurements-c9vdz626), this assay does not use a selection antibiotic. Contents of each growth plates 2-3: Growth plate 2: This growth plate contains additives to initiate gene expression, but no selection antibiotic. Growth plate 3: This growth plate contains additives to initiate gene expression, but no selection antibiotic.
Singleplex Assay for Function Measurements v2
Authors: Ross David
Published: July 2024

This protocol outlines an assay for measuring the function of plasmid variants in singleplex. The inputs include separate E. coli glycerol stocks for each variant. The protocol begins with several growths which convert the separate glycerol stocks into cultures that have reach stationary phase in a 96-well plate. The glycerol stocks are first grown overnight in separate tubes. The next morning, the optical density (OD) of each culture is measured, and then each culture is distributed into a 96-well growth plate. This plate is placed in a plate reader/incubator to grow to stationary phase (~12 hours) without antibiotics or additives (except those required for plasmid maintenance). After this point, the cultures are ready to act as an inputs for next growth cycle. Throughout the subsequent growths, optical density (OD) and fluorescent measurements are recommended to be taken every 5 minutes and at the end of each growth plate's incubation. The growth cycles are all ~3 hours long, so that cells stay in mid-log phase. At the end of the last growth cycle, a small amount of the plated cultures act as input for quantification using a flow-cytometer and fluorescent beads. Note that unlike the related fitness assays, this assay does not use a selection antibiotic. Contents of each growth plates 2-3: Growth plate 2: This growth plate contains additives to initiate gene expression, but no selection antibiotic. Growth plate 3: This growth plate contains additives to initiate gene expression, but no selection antibiotic.
De Vivo disease (myoclonic-astatic epilepsy combined with chorea): literature review, clinical case description
Authors: Shova N. I. , Mikhailov V. A. , Romanyugo G. D.
Published: July 2024

De Vivo disease is a rare genetic disorder associated with glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) deficiency. We provide a review of publications describing various clinical manifestations of this syndrome, including the combination of epilepsy with choreic hyperkinesis. The seizures related to De Vivo disease are resistant to basic antiepileptic therapy. The ketogenic diet is suggested as the main treatment method. We present our own clinical observation describing an 18-years old male patient, who had myoclonic-astatic seizures and atactic manifestations such as impaired movements coordination and walking instability, which first appeared at the age of 1.5 years. Due to therapy with valproic acid drugs, seizures persisted with a frequency of up to 5 times a month. From the age of 17, involuntary violent irregular movements of trunk and limb muscles emerged, occurring at a fast pace. The patient underwent a comprehensive examination; as a result, the diagnosis of De Vivo disease was verified. By prescribing proper antiepileptic therapy and ketogenic diet, it was possible to stabilize the patient's condition and stop De Vivo disease-related manifestations of epilepsy and hyperkinetic disorder. We pay attention to the differential diagnosis of conditions characterized by epileptic seizures, mental retardation and violent movements, as well as to the diagnosis and management tactics of patients with De Vivo disease. Unfortunately, not all patients with this pathology receive adequate pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy often undergoing numerous hospitalizations, since the major cause underlying such symptoms, namely GLUT1 deficiency, is not diagnosed.
A rare genetic Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome (PACS1 syndrome)
Authors: Kozhanova T. V. , Zhilina S. S. , Meshcheryakova T. I. , Mikhailova A. D. , Krapivkin A. I. , Zavadenko N. N.
Published: July 2024

PACS1 neurodevelopmental disorder (Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome; MIM #615009) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic syndrome characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, and rare seizures. The article describes a clinical case of PACS1 syndrome in a female patient with developmental delay, speech disorder, motor development delay and epilepsy coupled to described variants in PACS1 gene (rs398123009, chr11:6621120, c.607C>T, p.Arg203Trp). Knowing PACS1 syndrome molecular mechanisms is important not only for genotype-phenotypic correlation, but also for developing new therapeutic approaches that could improve the quality of patients’ life.
Effectiveness of neuromodulation in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy after failed surgical treatment
Authors: Efremov F. A. , Agaev R. V. , Kim S. A. , Moisak G. I. , Anisimov E. D. , Khabarova E. A. , Rzaev J. A.
Published: July 2024

Background. In case of ineffective conservative antiepileptic therapy, surgical treatment aimed at removing the epileptogenic focus may be applied. Resection procedures allow to eliminate seizures in most patients, but in 20–30% cases they persist or recur, thereby proposing to use some neuromodulation.

Objective: to assess effectiveness of neuromodulation in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) after failed resection surgical interventions.

Material and methods. A retrospective data analysis was carried out involving 23 DRE patients who had undergone vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) or deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) or hippocampus (HP) after failed surgeries. The VNS system was implanted in 18 (78.3%) patients, the HP-DBS system – in 3 (13.0%), and the ANT-DBS system – in 2 (8.7%). The results after surgical interventions were assessed according to the Engel scale, VNS therapy – by the McHugh (MH) scale, DBS therapy – by the degree of reduced seizure rate as a percentage. The average follow-up was 56.5 months.

Results. Patients with implanted VNS system were found to have the outcome presented as MH Ia–IIb in 3 (16.7%) cases, MH IIIa–IIIb in 10 (55.5%) cases, MH IV–V in 5 (27.8%) cases. In HP-DBS group, 2 out of 3 patients showed a decline in seizure rate by more than 50% from the baseline level, and 1 patient experienced an improvement in seizure severity. In the ANT-DBS group, one patient had a 60% reduction in seizure rate and an improvement in seizure severity, another one showed no change in seizure rate.

Conclusion. Neuromodulation in DRE patients can significantly lower seizure rate in more than half of patients after failed surgical treatment.
Exploratory Investigation of the Effects of Perspective Taking and Awareness of Vulnerability on Impressions of Robots
Authors: Ikeda S.
Published: July 2024

Objective. This exploratory study investigated whether perspective-taking and awareness of vulnerability procedures could enhance impressions of robots.
Background. A society characterized by the harmonious coexistence of humans and robots is poised for realization in the imminent future. Nevertheless, numerous challenges must be confronted for the materialization of such a societal paradigm. One among them pertains to the prevailing tendency for humans to harbor adverse perceptions of robots, the amelioration of which proves to be a complex endeavor. The present study undertakes an exploratory investigation into strategies aimed at mitigating unfavorable impressions associated with robots.
Study design. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control group, perspective perception group, and robot vulnerability awareness group, and received different instructions.
Participants. Online experiments were conducted with 360 participants who were asked to imagine and describe a day in the life of a robot, and their impressions of the robot were measured using a questionnaire.
Measurements. Upon conjecturing and articulating the robot's daily routines, participants shared their perceptions of the robot through the application of three assessment tools: the Robot Anxiety Scale, the Mind Attribution Scale, and the Familiarity Rating Scale.
Results. The manipulation checks confirmed successful manipulation, but there was no evidence that perspective-taking or awareness of vulnerability influenced impressions of the robot.
Conclusions. The efficacy of perspective-taking, a technique established as beneficial in ameliorating adverse perceptions of humans, may exhibit diminished effectiveness in the context of alleviating negative impressions associated with robots.
Treatment of arterial hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease from the perspective of the 2023 European recommendations
Authors: Sigitova Olga N.
Published: July 2024

Hypertension is a common disease in the adult population with an increasing tendency, it leads to damage to target organs, including the kidneys, with the development of chronic kidney disease, and increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality. The paper provides an overview of the European guidelines for the treatment of arterial hypertension, updated in 2023, approved by the European Kidney Association and the International Society of Hypertension, in the context of chronic kidney disease — in comparison with the previous European guidelines (2018) and the current National clinical guidelines (2021). The updated recommendations retain the main provisions of the strategy for the treatment of arterial hypertension with chronic kidney disease of the 2018 European recommendations. Updates have been made to the classification of the main and additional groups of drugs for the treatment of arterial hypertension. For the first time, a new group of “special drugs for the treatment of concomitant pathology” has been added, including three classes of drugs: (1) neprilysin receptor antagonists, (2) sodium-glucose transporter-2 inhibitors, (3) non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. A step-by-step algorithm for choosing antihypertensive drugs for arterial hypertension depending on the stage of chronic kidney disease has been updated. Recommendations for the treatment of resistant arterial hypertension were covered in detail. Some new recommendations were included for blood pressure targets based on albuminuria levels and other factors. A slightly modified scale for assessing cardiovascular risk in patients with arterial hypertension was presented and the role of chronic kidney disease stages III–V as an independent factor of high or very high cardiovascular risk was confirmed.
Experimental study of the characteristics of an active heat reclaim unit under changing operating conditions
Authors: Muraveinikov Sergey S. , Sulin Aleksandr B. , Nikitin Andrey A. , Makatov Kirill V.
Published: July 2024

AIMS: This study aimed to analyze the active heat reclaim unit SNAB.065171.001-01 as the main heater of a ventilation system of a real object and to confirm the reliability of the calculation method using obtained experimental data.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental and computational methods included the technical and economic assessment of active heat reclaim units to determine the characteristics of the device under changing air flow rates and operating temperature conditions. The tests were performed at the laboratory of life support systems of the Faculty of Low-Temperature Energy at the St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics. The equipment under study was installed in the existing ventilation system of the laboratory. The laboratory ventilation system was equipped with a stepwise air flow control system. The automation system enabled setting five fixed operating modes of the supply and exhaust fans without the possibility of smooth regulation within the flow range. Operational parameters and verified measuring instruments were used in measurements.
RESULTS: This paper describes the results of the determination of the refined nominal characteristics of performance, energy consumption, and conversion coefficient of the active heat reclaim unit. It also presents empirical coefficients necessary for the calculation of these characteristics under arbitrary operating conditions. The calculation methodology was verified through additional experiments. The relative deviation of the calculated conversion coefficient from the experimentally obtained one did not exceed 3% in all experiments.
CONCLUSIONS: The nominal characteristics of the built-in air heat reclaim unit SNAB.065171.001-01 were determined under real operating conditions. The results of the calculation of operational characteristics were compared with the experimental results.
Prince Nikita Dmitrievich Lobanov-Rostovsky on the Establishment of Russo-Korean Relations and the Negotiations of the First Korean Official Embassy Headed by Min Yonghwan with the Minister of Foreign Affairs Prince Alexey B. Lobanov-Rostovsky in June 1896 in St. Petersburg: An Interview
Authors: Pak Bella
Published: July 2024

This interview is dedicated to the establishment of Russo-Korean relations, including negotiations between the first Korean official embassy led by Min Yonghwan and Foreign Minister Prince Alexey B. Lobanov-Rostovsky in June 1896 in St. Petersburg, which took place after the end of the coronation celebrations in Moscow. Important agreements were reached during these negotiations. The interview is related to the interests of Prince Nikita D. Lobanov-Rostovsky, a descendant of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prince Alaxey B. Lobanov-Rostovsky, author of the “Response Points to the Korean Ambassador” following the negotiations. The interview assessed the activities of Prince Alexey B. Lobanov-Rostovsky at the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Particular attention is paid to the intensification of Russian policy in the Far East and counteraction to Japan in this region. The role of Minister Lobanov-Rostovsky in organizing the diplomatic pressure by the three European great powers, led by Russia, on Japan, in defense of the integrity of the Chinese Empire and preventing the annexation of Chinese possessions and Korea to it, is emphasized. It is shown that the efforts of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, led by Prince Lobanov-Rostovsky, contributed to strengthening the independence of Korea and the fight against Japanese dominance and strengthening Russian influence in Korea. The measures he took to protect the King of Korea and his heir are noted. The reasons for the transfer of the Korean king to the Russian diplomatic mission are explained and the first Korean embassy to Russia is assessed. The progress of the negotiations in St. Petersburg is covered as well. The “Response Points to the Korean Ambassador” are given and assessed as having created the preconditions for further strengthening Russia’s position in Korea and countering Japan’s new offensive there. Russia’s refusal to establish its protectorate in Korea is explained.
STRUCTURAL DIAGNOSTIC INDICATORS IN ASSESSING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF AIRCRAFT GAS-TURBINE ENGINE GEARBOXES
Authors: Sundukov A. E. , Shakhmatov E. V.
Published: July 2024

The diagnostic indicators of defects in aircraft gas turbine engines based on the vibration intensity have several draw-backs. Quite significant is the error in estimating such intensity. Moving an engine from the test bench to the facility leads to an increase in vibration intensity, which cannot be taken into account when developing diagnostic methods in the conditions of the engine manufacturer's plant. The known dimensionless discriminants have generally a fairly complex structure. This study reveals the possibility of using structural diagnostic indicators as a simple ratio of two parameters. Based on the example of tooth flank wear and the side clearance value in the turboprop engine gearbox, we have demonstrated the possibility to assess its technical condition by the vibration parameters and signals from standard tachometric sensors of the input and output shaft rotation speeds.
VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF LOW-PRESSURE COMPRESSOR BLADES OF GTE DN80
Authors: Prokofev A. B. , Chernyavskiy A. Zh. , Vorokh D. A. , Danilin S. A. , Danilin A. I. , Aksenov A. N. , Maksimovskiy S. G.
Published: July 2024

The contemporary power plants use gas-turbine engines (GTE) as the main part. The gas-turbine engines DU80 and DN80 performing a power of 25 MW manufactured by “Zorya-Mashproekt” are used as gas-compressor units at the facilities of PJSC “Gazprom”. The above mentioned GTEs possess a specific design drawback and poor characteristics of the 3rd and 4th stages low-pressure compressor (LPC) blade row, this leads to early engine malfunction and increased repair costs. The PRIZ-1 measuring unit developed by Samara University is briefly described. This unit was used to research the vibration characteristics of the GTE DN80 3rd and 4th LPC blade stages on the test bench of PJSC “Tyumenskie Motorostroiteli”. This article shows the results of the performed non-contact measurements of the deformation state parameters of the GTE DN80 3rd and 4th LPC blade stages: the static blades position; the blades bending oscillations amplitudes; the gaps between the blade tips and the inner surface of the housing; the torsional blades oscillations amplitudes; the changes in the blades twist angle. The examples of the measured parameters visualizations are presented. The results of the LPC blades vibration characteristics research will be used in the process of design and technological works aimed at tweaking, increasing the reliability of the blade row and the overhaul life of the DN80 gas turbine engine.
DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS FOR THE CREATION OF LOW-NOISE CONTROL VALVES
Authors: Kozlov V. A. , Kulichkova E. A. , Petrov S. E.
Published: July 2024

The article presents the development of structural elements and experimental work to ensure noise and vibration reduction in a series of axial type control valves. Studies of the flow part of the axial type control valves are carried out using optimized designs of control elements – low-noise devices. According to the research results, the best option was determined in terms of vibration levels and hydrodynamic noise.
APPLICATION OF THE RESONANCE METHOD AND THE SPECKLE INTERFEROMETRY METHOD FOR MEASURING THE DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSTRUCTIONS
Authors: Osipov M. N. , Sergeev R. N. , Limov M. D.
Published: July 2024

Experimental testing of rocket and space techniques is one of the most difficult, time-consuming and expensive stages of the development and creation of these products. Modern development methods tend to reduce the proportion of experimental studies and replace them with numerical modeling. However, the correspondence of the numerical model to the real object is determined by the initial data, so it is not possible to completely abandon the full-scale testing of products. Particular attention in the development and creation of rocket and space techniques is paid to vibration effects. Obtaining reliable basic dynamic characteristics of the product during vibration tests in a purely theoretical way is practically impossible. So the damping coefficients can only be determined experimentally. The paper analyzes the main methods for determining dynamic characteristics, and a choice is made in favor of the resonance method. The accuracy of determining the dynamic characteristics by the resonance method depends on the accuracy of the construction of the resonance curve. In this paper, to construct a resonance curve, it is proposed to use a speckle interferometer, which allows simultaneously recording the shape of natural vibrations and amplitude, using time averaging methods and speckle interferometry on a single speckle. It is shown that speckle interferometry on a single speckle makes it possible to measure the amplitudes of natural vibrations in real time and with high accuracyт ̵ less than one-eighth of the wavelength of the laser radiation used in the speckle interferometer. These circumstances are especially important in the development and creation of spacecraft with precision equipment.
EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL VALVE THROUGH GEOMETRIC PARAMETER VARIATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL GAP
Authors: Shelkovyy Mikhail A. , Bazinenkov Aleksey M. , Shagimuratova Alina K.
Published: July 2024

The use of magnetorheological fluid as a working fluid is an effective solution in terms of vibration protection and accuracy of drive movement. The magnetorheological drive is capable of moving an object weighing up to 100 kg with a movement error of 50 nm. The main control element of the drive is the magnetorheological valve. The magnetic field created in the process gap is a key characteristic of the valve. The study of the magnetic field induction in the technological gap of the inductor using the finite element method made it possible to determine the best combination of geometric parameters of the magnetic field concentrators (teeth) in terms of the maximum magnetic induction in the gap, which amounted to 1.4 Tesla. Increasing the induction in the gap will improve the efficiency of fluid flow control by the throttle, as well as the accuracy and speed of the drive.
ON THE ERRORS IN MEASUREMENT OF RESIDUAL STRESSES AND PREDICTION OF THE ENDURANCE LIMIT OF HARDENED PARTS
Authors: Sazanov Vyacheslav P. , Pavlov Valentin F. , Matveeva Karina F. , Konyhova Aleksandra S.
Published: July 2024

The study is devoted to the analysis of discrepancy between the results of prediction and of multi fatigue tests of cylindrical parts with stress concentrator in the form of a semicircular notch, made of construction steels 20, 45, 30ХГСА and 40Х. The surface of the parts was hardened by hydro and pneumatic shot blasting methods. When predicting by the reference specimen method, bushes with a length of 80 mm, with an outer diameter of 51.5 mm and an inner diameter of 45 mm were used to determine residual stresses in the hardened layer. Modeling of the residual strain-stress state in bushes and notched parts was carried out using the Finite Element method in the environment of PATRAN/NASTRAN and ANSYS calculation systems using the thermo elastic method. When predicting the increment in the endurance limit due to hardening for parts with notches, the criterion of average integral residual stresses was adopted, determined at the critical depth of a non-propagating fatigue crack. The discrepancy between the calculated prediction and bending test results in the case of a symmetrical cycle was no more than 11% for pneumatic shot blasting and no more than 8% for hydro shot blasting. The positive results of the study showed that the accepted assumptions in the reference specimen method are completely justified.
RESEARCH OF THE FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF A HYDRAULIC DRIVE BASED ON A HYDROSTATIC SUPPORT WITH MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL CONTROL
Authors: Shelkovyy Mikhail A. , Bazinenkov Aleksey M.
Published: July 2024

A hydraulic drive with magnetorheological control is an effective solution when it is necessary to ensure precise positioning of a massive object. The magnetorheological drive is capable of positioning an object weighing up to 100 kg with an error of up to 50 nm. The dynamic characteristics of the working fluid flow in various sections of the pipeline determine the technical characteristics of the device as a whole.
In this paper, the hydraulic characteristics of the drive are studied by the finite element method under laminar flow conditions. A study of the pressure at the inlet and outlet of the magnetorheological throttle showed that the pressure drop ranges from 8.2 kPa to 26.2 kPa, depending on the pressure at the inlet of the hydraulic system and the location of the throttle. The fluid flow velocity in the technological gap was 1 m/s in the center of the channel and allows us to evaluate the behavior of the drive at various operating pressures, as well as subsequently carry out a complete modeling of the system to implement the mechanism control system.
MANUFACTURING PROCESS SIMULATION OF A BUMP FOIL FOR A GAS FOIL BEARING
Authors: Badykov Renat R. , Yurtaev Artem A. , Grigorev Egor M. , Lomachev Aleksey O.
Published: July 2024

The paper describes the tools design process for manufacturing the bump foil of a radial gas foil bearing. The paper proposes an alternative technology for manufacturing the bump foil and a solution to the issues related to this technology, accounting for the compensating effects of residual elastic deformations after the manufacturing process. The significance of the finite element method implementation for residual deformations and stresses accounting is emphasized, aiming to minimize the negative impact of residual elastic deformation on the bearing operational parameters.
On homotopically dense subspaces of the space of complete linked systems
Authors: Dolgopov M. V. , Zhuvonov Q. R.
Published: July 2024

This article discusses the topological and geometric properties of the set of coupled systems and the properties of its subspaces that are homotopically dense. Theorems for a metrizable nondegenerate continuum are presented, conditions for a homotopically dense set of a compact set and conditions for determining a manifold for a finite-dimensional set depending on the fact that it does not contain a Hilbert cube are determined.
Mathematical modeling as a method of forming cognitive
universal learning actions and competences of students in the conditions of a holistic educational environment
Authors: Aniskin V. N. , Rakhmatullina D. K.
Published: July 2024

From the standpoint of information and educational holism ∑ ieh, conditions and features of the transitional period of digital transformation of education, the didactic potential of mathematical modeling in the formation and development of cognitive universal learning activities (ULA) in mathematics lessons for schoolchildren and universal competencies (UC) in the study of mathematical and methodological methods is analyzed-mathematical disciplines by students of universities of the direction of preparation Pedagogical education. Based on the compatibility of the requirements of the federal state educational standards of secondary general and higher education (FSES SGE and FSES HE), which determine the conditions and features of the formation and development of universal learning activities in schoolchildren and universal competencies in students — future teachers of mathematics, the optimizing effect of ∑ ieh on these processes. The possibilities of mathematical modeling are considered as an educational technology that makes it possible to increase the efficiency of obtaining, assimilation and application of new subject and methodological knowledge by students in conditions of mixed offline- and online-learning. A model of information and educational holism and examples of tasks are given.