bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Emotion Analysis and Psychoanalysis Application With Convolutional Neural Network and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory
Authors: Liu Baitao
Published: June 2022

This study mainly focuses on the emotion analysis method in the application of psychoanalysis based on sentiment recognition. The method is applied to the sentiment recognition module in the server, and the sentiment recognition function is effectively realized through the improved convolutional neural network and bidirectional long short-term memory (C-BiL) model. First, the implementation difficulties of the C-BiL model and specific sentiment classification design are described. Then, the specific design process of the C-BiL model is introduced, and the innovation of the C-BiL model is indicated. Finally, the experimental results of the models are compared and analyzed. Among the deep learning models, the accuracy of the C-BiL model designed in this study is relatively high irrespective of the binary classification, the three classification, or the five classification, with an average improvement of 2.47% in Diary data set, 2.16% in Weibo data set, and 2.08% in Fudan data set. Therefore, the C-BiL model designed in this study can not only successfully classify texts but also effectively improve the accuracy of text sentiment recognition.
Characteristics of Kundalini-Related Sensory, Motor, and Affective Experiences During Tantric Yoga Meditation
Authors: Maxwell Richard W. , Katyal Sucharit
Published: June 2022

Traditional spiritual literature contains rich anecdotal reports of spontaneously arising experiences occurring during meditation practice, but formal investigation of such experiences is limited. Previous work has sometimes related spontaneous experiences to the Indian traditional contemplative concept of kundalini. Historically, descriptions of kundalini come out of Tantric schools of Yoga, where it has been described as a “rising energy” moving within the spinal column up to the brain. Spontaneous meditation experiences have previously been studied within Buddhist and Christian practices and within eclectic groups of contemplative practitioners. Prior explorations of kundalini have emphasized extreme experiences, sometimes having clinical consequences. We conducted a first such investigation of kundalini-related experiences within a sample of meditators from a single Tantric Yoga tradition (known as Ananda Marga) that emphasizes the role of kundalini. We developed a semi-structured questionnaire to conduct an exploratory pilot investigation of spontaneous sensory, motor and affective experiences during meditation practice. In addition to identifying the characteristics of subjective experiences, we measured quantity of meditation, supplemental practices, trait affect and trait mindfulness. We administered it to 80 volunteers at two Ananda Marga retreats. Among reported experiences, we found the highest prevalence for positive mood shifts, followed by motor and then sensory experiences. The frequency of spontaneous experiences was not related to the quantity of practiced meditation or trait measures of mindfulness and affect. Self-reports included multiple descriptions of rising sensations, sometimes being directly called kundalini. Experiences with rising sensations were complex and many included references to positive affect, including ecstatic qualities. There were also reports of spontaneous anomalous experiences. These experiences of rising sensations resemble prior clinical descriptions that were considered kundalini-related. The individuals who reported rising sensations could not be distinguished from other participants based on the incidence of experiences, quantity of meditation practice, or trait measures of mindfulness and affect. In contrast, greater amount of Tantric Yoga meditation practice was associated with greater positive affect, less negative affect and greater mindfulness. Further study of these exploratory findings and how they may be related to spiritual and well-being goals of meditation is warranted along with scientific investigation of purported kundalini phenomena.
Extending the Transformative Potential of Mindfulness Through Team Mindfulness Training, Integrating Individual With Collective Mindfulness, in a High-Stress Military Setting
Authors: Tobias Mortlock Jutta , Carter Alison , Querstret Dawn
Published: June 2022

Mindfulness has come to be considered an important approach to help individuals cultivate transformative capacity to free themselves from stress and suffering. However, the transformative potential of mindfulness extends beyond individual stress management. This study contributes to a broadening of the scope of contemplative science by integrating the prominent, individually focused mindfulness meditation literature with collective mindfulness scholarship. In so doing, it aims to illuminate an important context in which mindfulness interventions are increasingly prevalent: workplaces. Typically, the intended effect of workplace mindfulness training is to help workers manage stress better. Since mindfulness in organizations impacts individual and collective processes, the study blends the above literatures to create a cross-level “next-generation” Team Mindfulness Training (TMT) pilot. Its potential in helping individuals and teams to manage work stress better is investigated via a two-phase mixed-methods research study in high-stress military work populations, and compared to a conventional (“first-generation”) 8-week mindfulness meditation program based on mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Results suggest that compared to the “first-generation” mindfulness program, TMT seems no less effective in raising individual stress management skills, and may hold more promise in generating collective capacity to manage stress and unexpected difficulty, linked to an apparent interdependence between collective and individual mindfulness capacity development. Based on these empirical results, the study contributes to theory in three important ways: first, it outlines how individual and collective mindfulness in workplaces may be interdependent. Second, it explains why “next-generation” workplace training interventions should apply a cross-level approach. And third, it illustrates how its transformative potential for people at work, individually as well as collectively, can be extended by moving beyond an inward-looking meditation focus in mindfulness training. The study contributes to practice by providing a detailed outline of the pilot TMT program, and offers a series of follow-up research opportunities to inspire further scientific innovation in workplace mindfulness training, especially for high-stress work populations. The study’s ultimate aim is to prompt a shift away from adapting clinically oriented, self-focused “first-generation” mindfulness training protocols, and towards mindfulness as team sport: a more prosocially oriented mindfulness science intent on generating wisdom and compassion, for one and all.
Personal Economic Worries in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Bou-Hamad Imad , Hoteit Reem , Harajli Dunia , Reykowska Dorota
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic worsened Lebanon’s economic situation and generated worries about living conditions. This study aimed to explain personal economic worries patterns among Lebanese young adults while accounting for demographics and mental health characteristics.

Methods

A total sample of 988 Lebanese responses were collected, using an online survey. The analysis was conducted using regression-based methods.

Results

Men exhibited higher economic worries than women. Lower levels of economic worries among people with higher wages were more pronounced. Lebanese retirees experience the highest economic worries compared to other employment status groups. Individuals with higher life satisfaction are less concerned about the economy. Mental wellbeing factors were positively associated with personal economic worries.

Conclusion

The current study presents a seminal insight into the differences in economic worries caused by COVID-19 pandemic among individuals in a developing country context.
How Mindfulness Affects Life Satisfaction: Based on the Mindfulness-to-Meaning Theory
Authors: Li Xiaojun , Ma Liping , Li Qi
Published: June 2022

Life satisfaction is the general evaluation of the individual’s life, which is of great significance to achieving a better life. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating effect of core self-evaluation, positive affect, and negative affect in the relationship between trait mindfulness and life satisfaction based on the Mindfulness-to-Meaning theory. 991 Chinese undergraduates (692 females, 299 males) completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Core Self-Evaluations Scale, the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. The results indicated that core self-evaluation and negative affect mediated the effect of trait mindfulness on life satisfaction, consistent with the Mindfulness-to-Meaning theory. Furthermore, trait mindfulness affected life satisfaction by the mediation paths of “core self-evaluation→positive affect” and “core self-evaluation→negative affect,” which uncovered the underlying mechanism of promoting life satisfaction by combining the point of view of cognition (core self-evaluation) and emotion (positive and negative affect). The present study not only contributes to a better theoretical understanding of how trait mindfulness links to life satisfaction but also provides valuable guidance for enhancing life satisfaction.
Aerobic Exercise Alleviates the Impairment of Cognitive Control Ability Induced by Sleep Deprivation in College Students: Research Based on Go/NoGo Task
Authors: Liu Shangwu , Zhang Runhong
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to observe whether aerobic exercise is able to alleviate the impairment of cognitive control ability in college students by sleep deprivation through cognitive control (Go-NoGo task) and blood-based markers. Taking 30 healthy college students (15 males and 15 females) as participants, using a random cross-over design within groups, respectively perform one night of sleep deprivation and one night of normal sleep (8 h). The exercise intervention modality was to complete a 30-min session of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on a power bicycle. Change in cognitive control was assessed using the Go/NoGo task paradigm; 5-ht and blood glucose contentwere determined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay and glucose oxidase electrode Measurement, respectively. The results showed that sleep deprivation could significantly reduce the response inhibition ability and response execution ability, and significantly reduce the blood 5-ht content (p< 0.01). Thirty minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise intervention significantly increased response inhibition ability and response execution ability, significantly increased blood 5-ht content (p<0.01), and did not change serum glucose levels. Conclusion: An acute aerobic exercise can alleviate the cognitive control impairment caused by sleep deprivation, and 5-ht may be one of the possible mechanisms by which aerobic exercise alleviates the cognitive control impairment caused by sleep deprivation.
The Nexus of Service Quality, Customer Experience, and Customer Commitment: The Neglected Mediating Role of Corporate Image
Authors: Yingfei Yang , Mengze Zhang , Ki-Hyung Bae
Published: June 2022

Quality of service is a major determinant of customer commitment to the organization. Therefore, it is important to understand the importance of service quality for the corporate image as well. In this study, the predicting roles of quality of service and customer experience have been unveiled in customer commitment through the mediating effect of corporate image. The population frame used in this study is the customers of logistic services providers in China. Total data from the 366 customers have been used to analyze the hypotheses formulated. The sample has been selected using convenience sampling and the software used for data analysis is Smart-PLS. The analytical technique used is partial least square structural equation modeling. Results of the study show that service quality and customer experience have a significant role in the customer commitment to the suppliers. In addition, it has also been found that service quality and customer experience have a major contribution to building the corporate image of the services suppliers. Further, corporate image played a significant mediating role in the relationship between service quality and customer commitment. The study has theoretically contributed to the body of literature by finding the importance of service quality for predicting customer commitment to the suppliers.
A Comprehensive and Person-Centered View of the Association Between the Dark Triad and Youth Mental Health
Authors: Hu Yunjun , Lan Xiaoyu
Published: June 2022

Using a dual person-centered approach, the current study examined the Dark Triad profiles and mental health profiles among a large-scale sample of high school students. The study also simultaneously examined whether the emerging Dark Triad profiles could diverge in mental health profiles, delineating a thorough, and person-centered view of this association. To achieve these research aims, 1,640 Chinese high school students (Mage = 16.78; SD = 0.68; 57.6% females) participated in this study, and they were uniformly instructed to complete a set of well-established questionnaires. Results from latent profile analyses revealed five Dark Triad profiles—low Machiavellianism-psychopathy (7.4%), benevolent (61.7%), highly malevolent (6.7%), low narcissism (8.8%), and malevolent (15.4%)—and the following four mental health profiles: flourishing (37.7%), vulnerable (16.4%), troubled (33.9%), and highly troubled (12.4%). Moreover, results from multiple multinomial regression analyses showed that, among all five empirically derived Dark Triad profiles, students with the low Machiavellianism-psychopathy profile exhibited the highest probability of being “flourishing,” whereas those with the low narcissism profile showed the highest likelihood of being “highly troubled.”
Case Conceptualizing in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Moral Injury: An Active and Ongoing Approach to Understanding and Intervening on Moral Injury
Authors: Borges Lauren M. , Barnes Sean M. , Farnsworth Jacob K. , Drescher Kent D. , Walser Robyn D.
Published: June 2022

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Moral Injury (ACT-MI; 10–11), is an application of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy principles designed to help individuals live their values, even in the presence of moral pain. ACT-MI differs from other emerging treatments for moral injury in that ACT-MI is not based on a traditional syndromal approach to conceptualizing moral injury, which treats moral injury as a collection of signs and symptoms to be reduced. Rather than assuming moral injury causes suffering through a constellation of symptoms that a person has, in ACT-MI, moral injury is defined by what a person does in response to moral pain. Consistent with this framework, we present a unique approach to moral injury case conceptualization that emphasizes function over form, providing clients the opportunity to break free from the patterns of behavior that cause moral injury-related suffering to persist. Rooted in approaches to conceptualizing that have demonstrated utility in extant interventions (e.g., ACT), ACT-MI clinicians conduct ongoing functional analyses to inform case conceptualization and intervention. Functional analysis is used to disrupt the processes maintaining moral injury, as the client and therapist work to identify and intervene on the behaviors reinforcing avoidance and control of painful internal experiences causing moral injury. In the current article, we guide the reader through a framework for applying functional analysis to the conceptualization of moral injury where the reinforcers driving moral injury are explored. We also provide examples of questions that can be used to help uncover the functions of moral injury consistent behavior. Case examples based on our experiences treating moral injury are presented to demonstrate how various types of morally injurious events can evoke different features of moral pain which in turn motivate different repertoires of avoidance and control. These inflexible patterns of avoidance and control create suffering by engaging in behavior designed to escape moral pain, such as social isolation, spiritual disconnection, reduced self-care, suicidal ideation, and substance use. We discuss how to target this suffering using functional analysis to guide treatment decisions, matching interventional processes within ACT-MI to the specific functions that moral injury-related behavior is serving for an individual. We suggest that the use of functional analytic case formulation procedures described herein can assist clients in disrupting behavioral patterns maintaining moral injury and thereby free them to pursue lives of greater meaning and purpose.
The Association Between Cyberbullying Victimization and Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese College Students: The Parallel Mediating Roles of Core Self-Evaluation and Depression
Authors: Chu Xiaowei , Yang Sumin , Sun Zhaoxing , Jiang Min , Xie Ruibo
Published: June 2022

With the rapid development of science and technology, the Internet has formed a new form of aggression, which is called cyberbullying. Many studies have demonstrated that cyberbullying can cause serious damage to the physical and mental health of Chinese college students, such as depression and suicide. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and suicidal ideation and the parallel mediating roles of core self-evaluation and depression. A questionnaire was used to measure the research variables in this study among 1,509 college students. The results indicated that: After controlling for participants' gender, age, family structure, and family economic status, cyberbullying victimization significantly and positively related to suicidal ideation. Core self-evaluation and depression separately mediated the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and suicidal ideation. The mediating effect of depression was stronger than that of core self-evaluation. The findings support a parallel mediation model of the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and suicidal ideation. Our study may help to develop interventions and prevention measures for college students who experienced cyberbullying victimization.
How Far Can Conversational Agents Contribute to IBD Patient Health Care—A Review of the Literature
Authors: Pernencar Cláudia , Saboia Inga , Dias Joana Carmo
Published: June 2022

Modern societies are facing health and healthcare challenges as never seen before. The digital world in which we are living today considers digital health interventions such as “internet-delivered” therapy (e-Therapy) or mobile apps as an integrated part of healthcare systems. Digital transformation in health care requires the active involvement of patients as the central part of healthcare interventions. In the case of chronic health conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), it is believed that the adoption of new digital tools helps to maintain and extend the health and care of patients, optimizing the course of the treatment of the disease. The study goal was to undertake a literature review associating the use of chatbot technology with IBD patients' health care. This study intends to support digital product developments, mainly chatbot for IBD or other chronic diseases. The work was carried out through two literature review phases. The first one was based on a systematic approach and the second was a scoping review focused only on Frontiers Journals. This review followed a planned protocol for search and selection strategy that was created by a research team discussion. Chatbot technology for chronic disease self-management can have high acceptance and usability levels. The more interaction with a chatbot, the more patients are able to increase their self-care practice, but there is a challenge. The chatbot ontology to personalize the communication still needed to have strong guidelines helping other researchers to define which Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) should be used in the chatbots to improve the user satisfaction, engagement, and dialog quality. The literature review showed us both evidence and success of these tools in other health disorders. Some of them revealed a huge potential for conversational agents as a part of digital health interventions.
The Wounded Healer: A Phenomenological Study on Hospital Nurses Who Contracted COVID-19
Authors: Piredda Michela , Fiorini Jacopo , Marchetti Anna , Mastroianni Chiara , Albanesi Beatrice , Livigni Lucilla , Carrabs Gemma , Zaghini Francesco , De Marinis Maria Grazia , Sili Alessandro
Published: June 2022

Since the pandemic began nurses were at the forefront of the crisis, assisting countless COVID-19 patients, facing unpreparedness, social and family isolation, and lack of protective equipment. Of all health professionals, nurses were those most frequently infected. Research on healthcare professionals' experience of the pandemic and how it may have influenced their life and work is sparse. No study has focused on the experiences of nurses who contracted COVID-19 and afterwards returned to caring for patients with COVID-19. The purpose of this study was therefore to explore the lived personal and professional experiences of such nurses, and to describe the impact it had on their ways of approaching patients, caring for them, and practicing their profession. A phenomenological study was conducted with 54 nurses, through 20 individual interviews and 4 focus groups. The main finding is that the nurses who contracted COVID-19 became “wounded healers”: they survived and recovered, but remained “wounded” by the experience, and returned to caring for patients as “healers,” with increased compassion and attention to basic needs. Through this life-changing experience they strengthened their ability to build therapeutic relationships with patients and re-discovered fundamental values of nursing. These are some of the ways in which nurses can express most profoundly the ethics of work done well.
The Impact of Frailty on Adverse Outcomes in Geriatric Hip Fracture Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Song Yanhong , Wu Ziyi , Huo Huihui , Zhao Ping
Published: June 2022

Objective

With an aging population and advances in medicine, more research focuses on health and longevity in geriatric adults. Recently, frailty has gradually emerged to assess physical conditions. Frailty can be generally described as a multi-dimensional situation of increased vulnerabilities to both endogenous and exogenous stressors. The objective of the review was to evaluate the predictive value of frailty on adverse outcomes in geriatric hip fracture patients.

Materials and Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library for relevant literature about the connection between frailty and poor outcomes in hip fracture elders.

Results

Eleven studies involving a total of 45,979 participants were selected in our study. Our results indicated that frailty could significantly predict postoperative and in-patient complications (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.13–1.90; I2 = 77.4%). Frail elders had higher risk of inpatient mortality (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.26–2.25; I2 = 0.0%), 6-month mortality (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.25–1.72; I2 = 0.0%) and ≥1-year mortality (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.66–3.04; I2 = 91.3%). Furthermore, the risk of prolonged hospital stays was 1.15 times more likely in frail patients (95% CI, 1.03–1.28; I2 = 14.8%).

Conclusion

Frailty can predict adverse outcomes effectively in geriatric hip fracture patients.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails.
Impact of Economic Freedom and Educational Attainment on Life Expectancy: Evidence From the New EU Member States
Authors: Moga Rogoz Adrian Teodor , Sart Gamze , Bayar Yilmaz , Gavriletea Marius Dan
Published: June 2022

Life expectancy is a significant indicator of public health, life quality, welfare and economic development. Therefore, improvement in life expectancy is among the priority targets of the countries. This paper investigates the effect of economic freedom and educational attainment on life expectancy in the new EU member states, experiencing an institutional, educational, and economic transformation, during the period 2000–2019 by using cointegration and causality tests, because economic freedom and educational attainment can foster the life expectancy through institutional and economic variables such as institutions, governance, sound monetary and fiscal policies, economic growth, innovation, technological development, better living standards and access to superior healthcare services. The causality and cointegration analyses reveal that economic freedom and educational attainment are significant factors underlying life expectancy in the short and long term. However, educational attainment is found to be more effective on life expectancy than economic freedom. The findings have important implications for educational and health policies in analyzed countries. Governments must understand the education–health relationship to be able to develop and promote educational policies that have the potential to improve public health.
Willingness and Perceptions Regarding COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose in Pakistani Vaccinated Population: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Moeed Abdul , Najeeb Hala , Saleem Arisha , Asghar Muhammad Sohaib , Rafi Hania Mansoor , Khattak Abdullah Khan , Bilal Zoha , Seboka Binyam Tariku
Published: June 2022

Objectives

This study was conducted to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine booster dose willingness and identify predictors and factors of willingness and hesitance in the vaccinated population of Pakistan.

Methods

A cross-sectional web-based survey was undertaken between January and February 2022 to highlight the public perceptions regarding the COVID-19 booster dose and evaluate the willingness to get the additional dose. Demographic information and booster dose willingness were recorded through the questionnaire. Additionally, a 5-point Likert scale was employed to explore fears and beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccinations. Univariate and multivariate regression was performed to identify booster dose willingness and hesitance factors.

Results

Of the 787 respondents, 69.6% were females, 75.3% fell in the 18–30 years age group, 53.5% were university students or had a Bachelor's degree. Overall, a 77.8% booster dose willingness was reported. Participants showed absence or low fear levels associated with a booster dose (47.3%). 60.1% agreed it was safe to receive an additional vaccine dose, with 44.1% agreeing that boosters are effective against coronavirus variants. Independent predictors of willingness included the absence of comorbidities, whereas not being willing to pay for the booster dose was a predictor of hesitance.

Conclusion

This study showed a suboptimal willingness level of booster dose uptake among the vaccinated Pakistani population. Public health policymakers must undertake necessary awareness campaigns to strategize vaccination drives and dispel myths.
Association Between Sleep Traits and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Gao Rui-Chen , Sang Ni , Jia Cheng-Zhen , Zhang Meng-Yao , Li Bo-Han , Wei Meng , Wu Guo-Cui
Published: June 2022

Currently, the causal association between sleep disorders and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been poorly understood. In this two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) study, we tried to explore whether sleep disorders are causally associated with RA. Seven sleep-related traits were chosen from the published Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS): short sleep duration, frequent insomnia, any insomnia, sleep duration, getting up, morningness (early-to-bed/up habit), and snoring, 27, 53, 57, 57, 70, 274, and 42 individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (P < 5 × 10−8) were obtained as instrumental variables (IVs) for these sleep-related traits. Outcome variables were obtained from a public GWAS study that included 14,361 cases and 43,923 European Ancestry controls. The causal relationship between sleep disturbances and RA risk were evaluated by a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and weight mode methods. MR-Egger Regression and Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) were used to test for horizontal pleomorphism and outliers. There was no evidence of a link between RA and frequent insomnia (IVW, odds ratio (OR): 0.99; 95% interval (CI): 0.84–1.16; P = 0.858), any insomnia (IVW, OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.85–1.42; P = 0.489), sleep duration (IVW, OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.38–1.10, P = 0.269), getting up (IVW, OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.13–2.46, P = 0.442), morningness (IVW, OR: 2.59; 95% CI: 0.73–9.16; P = 0.142), or snoring (IVW, OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.68–1.33; P = 0.757). Short sleep duration (6h) had a causal effect on RA, as supported by IVW and weighted median (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.12–1.94, P = 0.006; OR: 1.43, 95%CI:1.01–2.05, P = 0.047). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable. Our findings imply that short sleep duration is causally linked to an increased risk of RA. Therefore, sleep length should be considered in disease models, and physicians should advise people to avoid short sleep duration practices to lower the risk of RA.
Prevalence and Correlates of Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Bai Anying , Xu Weihao , Lin Zhanyi
Published: June 2022

Background: Motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome is considered to be a pre-dementia syndrome. Although an increasing number of studies have begun to focus on this syndrome, few investigations have been launched in China. This study was performed to examine the prevalence and correlates of MCR in China.

Methods: We included 5,725 adults aged over 60 years from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). MCR was defined as the presence of subjective cognitive complaints and a gait speed ≤20th percentile of the weighted population distribution adjusted for sex and height. The associations among selected modifiable associated factors and clinical measures with MCR were examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: Of the participants, 414 met the criteria for MCR with an overall prevalence 7.29% (95% CI: 6.62–7.96%). MCR was found to be more prevalent among women than men (9.73 vs 4.85%), and more prevalent among participants ≥75 years than those <75 years (7.85 vs 5.23%). After multivariable adjustment, lower or upper extremity functional limitations, activities of daily living (ADL) disabilities, weak grip strength, exhaustion, and history of hypertension were found to be significantly associated with MCR. The multivariate analysis also showed higher levels of cystatin C and C-reactive protein were associated with increased odds for MCR.

Conclusions: The present study showed that MCR syndrome is highly prevalent among Chinese community-dwelling older adults, and revealed several factors that were correlated with MCR. Longitudinal studies are warranted to further explore the modifiable risk factors of MCR.
A Genetic Folding Strategy Based Support Vector Machine to Optimize Lung Cancer Classification
Authors: Mezher Mohammad A. , Altamimi Almothana , Altamimi Ruhaifa
Published: June 2022

Cancer is defined as an abnormal growth of human cells classified into benign and malignant. The site makes further classification of cancers of initiation and genomic underpinnings. Lung cancer displays extreme heterogeneity, making genomic classification vital for future targeted therapies. Especially considering lung cancers account for 1.76 million deaths worldwide annually. However, tumors do not always correlate to cancer as they can be benign, severely dysplastic (pre-cancerous), or malignant (cancerous). Lung cancer presents with ambiguous symptoms, thus is difficult to diagnose and is detected later compared to other cancers. Diagnosis relies heavily on radiology and invasive procedures. Different models developed employing Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) have been used to classify various cancers. In this study, the authors propose a Genetic Folding Strategy (GFS) based model to predict lung cancer from a lung cancer dataset. We developed and implemented GF to improve Support Vector Machines (SVM) classification kernel functions and used it to classify lung cancer. We developed and implemented GF to improve SVM classification kernel functions and used it to classify lung cancer. Classification performance evaluations and comparisons between the authors' GFS model and three SVM kernels, linear, polynomial and radial basis function, were conducted thoroughly on real lung cancer datasets. While using GFS in classifying lung cancer, the authors obtained an accuracy of 96.2%. This is the highest current accuracy compared to other kernels.
Preparation of Functional Pasta Supplemented with Amaranth Pregelatinized Extruded Flour
Authors: Bello-Pérez Luis A. , Cabello-Vazquez Jesus A. , Carmona-Garcia Roselis- , Patiño-Rodriguez Omar , Alvarez-Ramirez Jose
Published: June 2022

Semolina pasta with improved nutritional properties is increasingly demanded by consumers. High protein content and low starch digestibility are features desired for a functional pasta. In this work, amaranth flour was used for 50% supplementation of semolina in pasta preparation. Raw amaranth flour increased protein from 11.7 g/100 g to about 14.0 g/100, dietary fiber from 6.8 g/100 g to about 8.0–10.0 g/100 g. However, raw amaranth flour deteriorated the texture of cooked pasta by increasing hardness from 15.7 to 52.8 N and reducing cohesiveness from 0.71 to 0.55. Pregelatinizations at 50 and 100% were explored to reduce the adverse effects of raw amaranth flour. The gelatinized amaranth flour mimicked the texture of semolina pasta, although cooking loss increased from 3.3 g/100 g to about 9.2 g/100 g, and the water absorption showed a marked reduction from 116.4% to about 80.0–84.0%. The in vitro starch digestibility was similar for pasta made with semolina and pasta containing pregelatinized starch, although digestibility decreased from 95 to 85% for raw amaranth flour. Overall, the results showed that amaranth flour offered advantages and drawbacks for the formulation of pasta with improved nutritional features.
Increasing Access to Organization Theories for Implementation Science
Authors: Birken Sarah A. , Ko Linda K. , Wangen Mary , Wagi Cheyenne R. , Bender Miriam , Nilsen Per , Choy-Brown Mimi , Peluso Alexandra , Leeman Jennifer
Published: June 2022

Background

Organization theories offer numerous existing, highly relevant, yet largely untapped explanations of the organizational dynamics underlying evidence-based intervention (EBI) implementation. Rooted in ideas regarding power, autonomy, and control, organization theories can explain how and why organizations adopt, implement, and sustain EBI use. Although they have gained visibility, organization theories remain underused in implementation research, perhaps due to their inaccessibility to implementation scientists. To improve access to organization theory among implementation scientists, we summarized organization theories with relevance to implementation science.

Methods

Led by the Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) Organization Theory for Implementation Science workgroup, we employed a modified Delphi process to reach a consensus among 18 experts at the intersection of organization and implementation science regarding organization theories with relevance to implementation science. From texts that described the organization theories, using standardized abstraction forms, two investigators independently abstracted information regarding constructs, propositions regarding how or why constructs might influence implementation, the potential relevance of organization theories' propositions for implementation, and overviews of each theory. The investigators then reconciled discrepancies until reaching consensus. A third investigator reviewed reconciled abstraction forms for accuracy, coherence, and completeness.

Findings

We identified nine organization theories with relevance to implementation science: contingency, complexity, institutional, network, organizational learning, resource dependence, sociotechnical, and transaction cost economics. From the theories, we abstracted 70 constructs and 65 propositions. An example proposition from institutional theory is: “Coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures contribute to organizations…within an organizational field [becoming increasingly similar].” These propositions can be operationalized as levers to facilitate EBI implementation.

Conclusions

To increase use in the field, organization theories must be made more accessible to implementation scientists. The abstraction forms developed in this study are now publicly available on the CPCRN website with the goal of increasing access to organization theories among an interdisciplinary audience of implementation scientists through the CPCRN Scholars program and other venues. Next steps include consolidating organization theory constructs into domains and translating the resulting framework for use among researchers, policymakers and practitioners, aiding them in accounting for a comprehensive set of organization theory constructs thought to influence EBI implementation.
Sustainable Development in Mining Communities: The Case of South Africa's West Wits Goldfield
Authors: Cole Megan J. , Broadhurst Jennifer L.
Published: June 2022

There is a significant role for the mining and minerals industry to play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at a global level, through supplying the raw materials needed for technological progress, human development and cleaner economic growth, and at a local level, through socio-economic development and support, environmental protection, and good governance. While mining companies support the SDGs at the corporate level, there is a lack of evidence to show whether they are being implemented at the mine site level. There is also a lack of clarity on who the mine host communities are and what happens to the SDGs commitments after mine closure. The aim of this study was to identify all the host communities in the West Wits goldfield in South Africa and measure a comprehensive set of local SDG indicators, to explore the local variations that are hidden at national and municipal level, and the implications for communities achieving the SDGs in the context of mine closure. The West Wits is home to over 300,000 people living in 47 diverse communities—towns, mine villages, townships, informal settlements, industrial areas and rural areas. While 23 local SDG indicators were selected, only 13 indicators across 8 SDGs could be measured using census data. The findings show significant inequality between communities and deprivation in many communities, particularly the informal settlements. There are low levels of education, internet access and employment across the communities, indicating high vulnerability to mine closure. Without major intervention the SDGs will not be met by 2030 and thousands of people in these communities will be left behind. This is even more concerning given the majority of mines are expected to close in the next 10–20 years and the local economy in the West Wits is largely reliant on mining. Achieving the SDGs will require collaboration between multiple mining companies, local government authorities, civil society and communities, and significant urgent interventions on education and skills development, internet access and employment creation beyond the mining industry.
Augmented Reality Authoring of Digital Twins: Design, Implementation and Evaluation in an Industry 4.0 Context
Authors: Begout Pierre , Kubicki Sébastien , Bricard Emmanuel , Duval Thierry
Published: June 2022

This paper deals with Digital Twins (DTs) for Industry 4.0 factories, and their implementation in the context of a reconfigurable factory. This context implies a modification of the layout of the workstations during production, and thus requires a live update of the digital twins according to these modifications. We needed this update done by the operators directly on the workstations using an AR authoring tool. A literature review helped us to determine the criteria that a tool should fulfill in order to achieve this goal. The most important criteria are that the tool should be suitable for use by operators not trained in AR, that the learning curve should be short, and that it should be usable in a reconfigurable factory context. We created a DT containing all the necessary factory data and 3D models of the workstation interaction zones of a real assembly line. We then developed a tool enabling operators to match the DTs with their physical twin (PT) in AR, as well as to update their position in case of a reconfiguration. The experimentation we carried out confirms our analysis and shows us that it is possible to deploy a DT in a factory quite simply if the positioning of the DTs is done by direct manipulation (the 3D objects are co-located with the operator’s hand) with the help of an AR display device.
Leveraging Dynamic Heterogeneous Networks to Study Transnational Issue Publics. The Case of the European COVID-19 Discourse on Twitter
Authors: Schünemann Wolf J. , Brand Alexander , König Tim , Ziegler John
Published: June 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a critical phase for the transnationalization of public spheres. Against this backdrop, we ask how transnational COVID-19 related online discourse has been throughout the EU over the first year of the pandemic. Which events triggered higher transnational coherence or national structuration of this specific issue public on Twitter? In order to study these questions, we rely on Twitter data obtained from the TBCOV database, i.e., a dataset for multilingual, geolocated COVID-19 related Twitter communication. We selected corpora for the 27 member states of the EU plus the United Kingdom. We defined three research periods representing different phases of the pandemic, namely April (1st wave), August (interim) and December 2020 (2nd wave) resulting in a set of 51,893,966 unique tweets for comparative analysis. In order to measure the level and temporal variation of transnational discursive linkages, we conducted a spatiotemporal network analysis of so-called Heterogeneous Information Networks (HINs). HINs allow for the integration of multiple, heterogeneous network entities (hashtags, retweets, @-mentions, URLs and named entities) to better represent the complex discursive structures reflected in social media communication. Therefrom, we obtained an aggregate measure of transnational linkages on a daily base by relating these linkages back to their geolocated authors. We find that the share of transnational discursive linkages increased over the course of the pandemic, indicating effects of adaptation and learning. However, stringent political measures of crisis management at the domestic level (such as lockdown decisions) caused stronger national structuration of COVID-19 related Twitter discourse.
Stent Selection in Preoperative Biliary Drainage for Patients With Operable Pancreatic Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Du Jianbing , Gao Xiangyu , Zhang Hongtao , Wan Zhuo , Yu Hengchao , Wang Desheng
Published: June 2022

With the increasing use of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in patients with pancreatic cancer to reduce tumor burden on prognosis, preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) is becoming increasingly necessary. The aim of this study was to summarize the latest evidence and compare the clinical efficacy of metal stents (MS) and plastic stents (PS) in patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy for operable pancreatic cancer. Eligible studies were searched in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library from their inception to September 2021. In this study, RevMan 5.4 was used to perform the analyses. Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and six retrospective studies with 316 patients were included. All patients had pancreatic cancer and received NAT before surgical resection. Meta-analysis showed that the rate of endoscopic reintervention in MS (26/143, 18%) group was lower than that of PS (122/153, 80%) group (P < 0.05). The rate of stent-related complications in MS group was lower (18/118, 15%) than that of PS (52/117, 44%) group (P = 0.02). But there were no significant differences in operative time, operative blood loss, overall postoperative complications, postoperative hospitalization days and total medical costs between the two groups. For operable pancreatic cancer patients undergoing NAT surgery, MS was preferred over PS in terms of the incidence of endoscopic reintervention and stent-related complications. More clinical trials are needed in the future to confirm these data with higher levels of evidence.
Telemedicine and Telehealth in Urology: Uptake, Impact and Barriers to Clinical Adoption
Authors: Naik Nithesh , Nandyal Shreyas Raghavan , Nayak Sanjana Ganesh , Shah Milap , Ibrahim Sufyan , Hameed B. M. Zeeshan , Patil Ananth , Suresh Gopika , Shetty Pritam A. , Rai Bhavan Prasad , TP Rajeev , Rice Patrick , Reddy Suraj Jayadeva , Bhat Nandakishore , Garg Deepesh , Chlosta Piotr , Somani Bhaskar K.
Published: June 2022

Telemedicine has great potential in urology as a strong medium for providing patients with continuous high-quality urological care despite the hurdles involved in its implementation. Both clinicians and patients are crucial factors in determining the success of tele-consults in terms of simplicity of use and overall satisfaction. For it to be successfully incorporated into routine urological practice, rigorous training and evidence-based recommendations are lacking. If these issues are addressed, they can provide a significant impetus for future tele-consults in urology and their successful deployment, even beyond the pandemic, to assure safer and more environment-friendly patient management.