bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Performance of Bayesian Stacking in Multilevel Education Data
Authors: Huang Mingya , Kaplan David
Published: June 2024

The issue of model uncertainty has been gaining interest in education and the social sciences community over the years, and the dominant methods for handling model uncertainty are based on Bayesian inference, particularly, Bayesian model averaging. However, Bayesian model averaging assumes that the true data-generating model is within the candidate model space over which averaging is taking place. Unlike Bayesian model averaging, the method of Bayesian stacking can account for model uncertainty without assuming that a true model exists. An issue with Bayesian stacking, however, is that it is an optimization technique that uses predictor-independent model weights and is, therefore, not fully Bayesian. Bayesian hierarchical stacking, proposed by Yao et al. further incorporates uncertainty by applying a hyperprior to the stacking weights. Considering the importance of multilevel models commonly applied in educational settings, this paper investigates via a simulation study and a real data example the predictive performance of original Bayesian stacking and Bayesian hierarchical stacking along with two other readily available weighting methods, pseudo-BMA and pseudo-BMA bootstrap (PBMA and PBMA+). Predictive performance is measured by the Kullback–Leibler divergence score. Although the differences in predictive performance among these four weighting methods in Bayesian stacking are small, we still find that Bayesian hierarchical stacking performs as well as conventional stacking, PBMA, and PBMA+ in settings where a true model is not assumed to exist.
Data-Driven Approach to Automated Lyric Generation
Authors: Needhi Jeyadev , G Ram Prasath , G Vishnu , S Manokar
Published: June 2024

This project leverages Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to generate coherent and contextually relevant song lyrics. The methodology includes extensive text preprocessing and dataset creation, followed by the construction of a robust model featuring Embedding, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), Dense, and Dropout layers. The model is compiled and trained using the Adam optimizer, with checkpointing to monitor and optimize the training process. Upon successful training on a comprehensive lyrics dataset, the model is thoroughly evaluated and fine-tuned to enhance performance. Finally, the model generates new lyrics from a given seed, showcasing its ability to learn intricate linguistic patterns and structures, thereby offering a powerful tool for creative and original lyric composition.
Reproducibility of resting-state functional connectivity in consecutive scans: a mini-multiverse analysis
Authors: Mullin Hollie , Carpenter Catherine M , Cwiek Andrew , Lan Gloria , Chase Spencer , Carter Emily , Vervoordt Samantha , Rabinowitz Amanda , Venkatesan Umesh M. , Hillary Frank
Published: June 2024

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) is one of the most widely applied tools in the network neurosciences, but the reliability of the metrics derived from its signal remains unclear. We use back-to-back resting-state scans in a healthy (N = 41) and clinical sample (traumatic brain injury; TBI, N = 45) to assess the replicability of resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) using a “mini” multiverse approach. The goal was to establish the most reliable graph metrics and determine if moderate-severe TBI has an influence on RSFC reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Findings revealed that graph metrics were reliable in both healthy adults and individuals with TBI. Metrics such as within-network connectivity and characteristic path length were most reliable whereas other whole-brain connectivity estimates (e.g., clustering coefficient, eigenvector centrality) were least reliable. The default mode and salience networks were the most reliable resting-state canonical networks. Choice of brain atlas had a modest effect on findings. There was a notable influence of motion scrubbing on ICCs, with diminished reliability proportional to the number of volumes removed. Overall, RSFC reproducibility is preserved after significant neurological compromise, and we identify a subset of graph metrics and canonical networks with promising reliability. Future investigations should continue to implement multiverse approaches and examine factors that contribute to variations in RSFC reliability.
Assessing the potential of a Bayesian ranking as an alternative to consensus meetings for decision making in research funding: A Case Study of Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
Authors: Heyard Rachel , Pina David , Buljan Ivan , Marusic Ana
Published: June 2024

Funding agencies rely on panel or consensus meetings to summarise individual evaluations of grantproposals into a final ranking. However, previous research has shown inconsistency in decisions andinefficiency of consensus meetings. Using data from the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions, we aimed at investigating the differences between an algorithmic approach to summarise the information from grant proposal individual evaluations to decisions after consensus meetings, and we present an exploratory comparative analysis. The algorithmic approach employed was a Bayesian hierarchical model resulting in a Bayesian ranking of the proposals using the individual evaluation reports cast prior to the consensus meeting. Parameters from the Bayesian hierarchical model and the subsequent ranking were compared to the scores, ranking and decisions established in the consensus meeting reports. The results from the evaluation of 1,006 proposals submitted to three panels (Life Science, Mathematics, Social Sciences and Humanities) in two call years (2015 and 2019) were investigated in detail. Overall, we found large discrepancies between the consensus reports and the scores a Bayesian hierarchical model would have predicted. The discrepancies were less pronounced when the scores were aggregated into funding rankings or decisions. The best agreement between the final funding ranking can be observed in the case of funding schemes with very low success rates. While we set out to understand if algorithmic approaches, with the aim of summarising individual evaluation scores, could replace consensus meetings, we concluded that currently individual scores assigned prior to the consensus meetings are not useful to predict the final funding outcomes of the proposals. Following our results, we would suggest to use individual evaluations for a triage and subsequently not discuss the weakest proposals in panel or consensus meetings. This would allow a more nuanced evaluation of a smaller set of proposals and help minimise the uncertainty and biases when allocating funding.
Reductions in limbic activity during negative emotion processing following cognitive-behavioural therapy in depressive disorders
Authors: Borgers Tiana , Zwiky Esther , Klug Melissa , Enneking Verena , Fisch Lukas , Klein Lydia , Neutz Laura , Leehr Elisabeth , Opel Nils , König Philine , Schöniger Konrad , Küttner Antonia , Selle Janine , Dannlowski Udo , Redlich Ronny
Published: June 2024

Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is a first-line treatment for depressive disorders. Currently, research on the neurobiological mechanisms driving CBT remains limited. Given the heterogeneity in CBT response, investigating the neurobiological effects of CBT may improve prediction of response and treatments. In this naturalistic study, 59 patients with depressive disorders were investigated before and after 20 CBT sessions using a negative emotion processing paradigm during fMRI, clinical interviews, and depressive symptom questionnaires. Healthy controls (n=60) were also assessed twice within an equivalent time interval. Based on affective state changes during CBT, patients were divided into subgroups (n=40 responder, n=19 non-responder). Changes in brain activity and clinical outcome were examined using group × time ANOVAs for limbic areas and at whole-brain level. Patients showed significant hippocampal and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activity decreases during negative emotion processing post-CBT (pFWE≤.024), with no changes observed in healthy controls. Hippocampal activity decreases were driven by responder (pFWE≤.020) and correlated with symptom improvement (r=.293, p=.024). Responder also exhibited higher pre-treatment hippocampal activity (pFWE=.017). CBT led to reduced activity in emotion processing regions in patients with depressive disorders, with changes in hippocampal activity linked to CBT response. This suggests depression-specific brain activity improves after successful CBT, possibly due to corrected biased emotion processing mediated by altered activity within key areas of emotion processing. Aligning with cognitive depression models, these changes could disrupt the cycle of negative emotion processing, low mood, and brain changes. Furthermore, heightened pre-treatment hippocampal activity may function as a predictive marker for CBT response.
Miłość, empatia a sukces reprodukcyjny: badanie polskiej populacji
Authors: Zagajewski Wiktor
Published: June 2024

Miłość i empatia są kluczowymi aspektami relacji międzyludzkich, które mogą wpływać na jakość związków i ich trwałość. W 2017 roku badanie na plemieniu Hadza z Tanzanii wykazało związek między miłością a liczbą dzieci. (Sorokowski i in., 2017). Celem mojego badania było sprawdzenie, czy te zależności występują również wśród Polaków, dodatkowo uwzględniając zmienną empatii. Przeprowadziłem ankietę internetową wśród 40 osób z Jeleniej Góry, stosując Kwestionariusz Miłości Sternberga oraz Skróconą Skalę Ilorazu Empatii. Wyniki nie wykazały istotnych korelacji między miłością, empatią a sukcesem reprodukcyjnym. Moje badanie sugeruje, że w badanej próbie zmienne te nie wpływają na siebie w sposób istotny statystycznie, co może wynikać z różnic kulturowych lub niewielkiej próby badawczej. W przyszłości badania powinny obejmować większe i bardziej zróżnicowane próby oraz uwzględniać też inne zmienne, takie jak satysfakcja z życia czy wsparcie społeczne, aby dostarczyć bardziej kompleksowych wyników.
Mind Melds: Verbal labels induce greater representational alignment
Authors: Suffill Ellise Marissa , van Paridon Jeroen , Lupyan Gary
Published: June 2024

What determines whether two people represent something in a similar way? We examined the role of verbal labels in promoting representational alignment. Across two experiments, three groups of participants sorted novel shapes from two visually dissimilar categories. Prior to sorting, participants in two of the groups were pre-exposed to the shapes using a simple visual matching task designed to reinforce the visual category structure. In one of these groups, participants additionally heard one of two nonsense category labels accompanying the shapes. Exposure to these redundant labels led people to represent the shapes in a more categorical way, which led to greater alignment between sorters. We found this effect of label-induced alignment despite the two categories being highly visually distinct and despite participants in both pre-exposure conditions receiving identical visual experience with the shapes. Experiment 2 replicated this basic result using more even more stringent testing conditions. The results hint at the possibly extensive role that labels may play in aligning people's mental representations.
Wzajemna zależność pomiędzy satysfakcją seksualną i miłością w związku a liczbą dzieci
Authors: Lizun Aleksandra
Published: June 2024

W badaniu starano się powiązać wysokość poczucia satysfakcji seksualnej z ilością dzieci w związku. Dodatkowo sprawdzono też zależność pomiędzy miłością a liczbą dzieci w związku oraz między wiekiem badanych osób a liczbą dzieci.Badanie przeprowadzono na próbie 31 osób, na polskiej populacji. Badanie nie potwierdziło hipotezy o zależności satysfakcji seksualnej oraz miłością w związku z liczbą dzieci.Uzyskano pozytywną zależność między namiętnością a liczbą dzieci, jednak dodatkowa regresja liniowa pokazuje, że to nie namiętność wpływa na liczbę dzieci w związku, a wiek.
Zależność między miłością, liczbą dzieci a zazdrością
Authors: Nowotna Jagoda
Published: June 2024

Miłość jest jednym z kluczowych elementów wpływających na dynamikę związków oraz decyzje dotyczące rodzicielstwa. Niniejsze badanie miało na celu zrozumienie, w jaki sposób składniki Trójczynnikowej Teorii Miłości Roberta Sternberga- zaangażowanie, namiętność i intymność- wpływają na liczbę posiadanych dzieci oraz poziom zazdrości w związku. Przeprowadzono badanie na grupie 90 osób. Analizowano ich relacje w kontekście długości trwania związku, liczby dzieci oraz poziomu zazdrości. Wyniki badania wskazują, że długość trwania związku ma istotny wpływ na badane zmienne. Stwierdzono, że dłuższy czas trwania związku koreluje pozytywnie z większą liczbą dzieci, co sugeruje, że stabilność i trwałość relacji sprzyjają decyzjom o powiększeniu rodziny. Jednocześnie zaobserwowano negatywny wpływ posiadania dzieci na poziom namiętności, co może wskazywać na osłabienie intensywnych emocji i fizycznego przyciągania spowodowane dzieleniem wolnego czasu między partnera a dziecko oraz zmniejszeniem poziomu prywatności. Co więcej, analiza nie wykazała bezpośredniego związku pomiędzy składnikami trójczynnikowej teorii miłości a poziomem zazdrości w związku, sugerując, że inne czynniki mogą odgrywać większą rolę w kształtowaniu tego uczucia.
EmoAtlas: An emotional network analyser of texts merging psychological lexicons, artificial intelligence and network science
Authors: Semeraro Alfonso , Vilella Salvatore , Improta Riccardo , De Duro Edoardo Sebastiano , Mohammad Saif , Ruffo Giancarlo , Stella Massimo
Published: June 2024

We introduce EmoAtlas, a computational library/framework extracting emotions and syntactic/semantic word associations from texts. EmoAtlas combines interpretable artificial intelligence (AI) for syntactic parsing in 18 languages and psychologically-validated lexicons for detecting the 8 emotions in Plutchik's theory. We show that EmoAtlas can match or surpass transformer-based natural language processing techniques, BERT or Large Language Models like ChatGPT 3.5 or LLaMantino, in detecting emotions from Italian and English online posts and news articles (e.g., achieving 85.6$\%$ accuracy in detecting anger in posts vs the 68.8$\%$ value of ChatGPT and 89.9\% value for BERT). EmoAtlas presents important advantages in terms of speed and absence of fine-tuning, e.g. it runs 12x faster than BERT on the same data. Testing EmoAtlas' and easily trainable transformers' relevance in a psychometric task like reproducing human creativity ratings for 1,071 short texts, we find that EmoAtlas and BERT obtain equivalent predictive power (4-fold cross-validation, $\rho \approx 0.495$, $p<10^{-4}$). Combining BERT's semantic features with EmoAtlas' emotional/syntactic networks of words gets substantially better at estimating creativity rates of stories ($\rho=0.628$, $p<10^{-4}$). This indicates an interplay between the creativity of narratives and their semantic, emotional, and syntactic structure. Our results provides a quantitative example about how EmoAtlas and transformers could be used in synergy in psychometrics. Via interpretable emotional profiles and syntactic networks, EmoAtlas can quantify how emotions are channelled through specific associations in texts, e.g., how did customers frame their ideas and emotions towards "beds" in hotel reviews? We release EmoAtlas as a standalone "text as data" computational tool and discuss its impact in extracting interpretable and reproducible insights from texts.
A study on the association between love, number of children, and strength of faith.
Authors: Siemaszko Klaudia
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between love, the number of children, and the strength of religious faith. Specifically, it examined whether religiosity affects the number of children and how it correlates with aspects of love such as intimacy, passion, and commitment. The results indicate that religiosity is strongly associated with the number of children as well as the type and duration of the relationship, whereas it has no significant impact on love. Linear regression showed that the type of relationship, relationship duration, and religiosity are significant predictors of the number of children, while the age of participants does not have a significant influence.
Development and Validation of the Evidence Intuition Scale
Authors: Abels Christoph M. , Lewandowsky Stephan
Published: June 2024

In a time characterized by an increasing prevalence of misinformation and the emergence of `alternative facts' that challenge conventional notions of truth, it is crucial to understand the roots and impacts of these phenomena. While these issues emerge at a societal level, driven by factors such as populism and polarization, their underpinnings also reside at the individual level. To address this, we aim to uncover how individual beliefs and cognitive styles contribute to the increasing contestation of truth. We developed the Evidence Intuition Scale (EIS) that measures two components of how people subjectively construct truth: evidence-based and intuition-based. The evidence-based component prioritizes empirical evidence and rational justification, valuing facts over personal feelings and demanding well-informed opinions supported by data. In contrast, the intuition-based component leans towards an instinctual and subjective reality perception, emphasizing gut feelings. Utilizing a cross-cultural sample from Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom (total N=5121), we examine the EIS's factor structure, reliability, and both its discriminant validity. Structural Equation Modeling confirms the scale's two-factor structure. Furthermore, the EIS demonstrates meaningful associations with various measures, including political attitudes (e.g., populist attitudes, political ideology), cognitive styles (e.g., open-minded thinking), and political behaviors, encompassing both normative (e.g., joining rallies, signing petitions) and non-normative actions (e.g., attacking government officials). The EIS therefore offers a parsimonious instrument to assess an individual's construction and understanding of truth.
Geometrical Interpretation of Space Contraction in Two-dimensional Lorentz Transformation
Authors: Khadka Chandra Bahadur
Published: June 2024

This paper points out that the transformation equations for the spatial and temporal coordinates between two frames of reference in the existing generally accepted version of the Lorentz transformation are deficient, since transformation equations are based on one dimensional motion between inertial frames. Therefore, all possible space-time coordinate transformation equations between moving and stationary frames by prolonging Lorentz transformation in a two-dimensional plane are thoroughly proposed in this article. If denotes the relative velocity between stationary frame (x, y) and moving frame (x', y'), then the transformation equations along X and Y-axis under two-dimensional Lorentz are given, respectively, by the formulas (see full text) . In this work we conclude that length and breadth of a rectangle appears to be shortened to the observer when there is the relative velocity between the rectangle and observer along both X and Y-axis. In particular, we present a concise and carefully reasoned account of a new aspect of Lorentz transformation which decently allows for the determination of space-time coordinates transformation equations in two dimensions of space.
Rivisitazione dei concetti di fame e sazietà secondo S. Caterina da Siena [Nowe rozumienie pojęć głodu i nasycenia u św. Katarzyny Sieneńskiej]
Authors: Jabłońska Małgorzata
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie sposobu konceptualizacji pojęć głodu i sytości w Dialogu o Bożej Opatrzności św. Katarzyny Sieneńskiej. Przedstawiono zarys stanu badań nad językiem mistycznym oraz wskazano jego cechy charakterystyczne, a następnie dokonano analizy zwrotów i kolokacji odnoszących się do sposobu rozumienia ww. pojęć przez tę czternastowieczną mistyczkę. Analizowany korpus składa się z przykładów metafor zawierających słowa związane znaczeniowo z domeną głodu i sytości, takie jak: kosztować, głód, pokarm, spożywać, stół, karmić (się), głodny, sytość i nienasycenie. Zwroty i wyrażenia odnoszące się do zaspokajania głodu lub do nasycenia, obok metafor związanych ze światłem i ogniem, należą do najliczniej reprezentowanych w całym dziele. Ponieważ mistycy nie są w stanie opisać w pełni swoich doświadczeń duchowych, korzystają ze słownictwa codziennego, rozszerzając zakres semantyczny wyrazów. Św. Katarzyna kieruje swą myśl ku rzeczywistości nadprzyrodzonej, zatem słów wyrażających głód i sytość używa ona przede wszystkim w kontekście duchowym.
Bilder als (Nicht-)Repräsentationen am Beispiel der Fertigbilder [Obrazy jako (nie)reprezentacje na przykładzie obrazów gotowych]
Authors: Kapuścińska Anna
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest omówienie zagadnienia funkcji reprezentatywnej obrazów w kontekście współczesnych mediów. Powszechna teza, że obrazy wyrażają więcej niż tysiąc słów, wydaje się wątpliwa w odniesieniu do tzw. gotowych obrazów (niem. „Fertigbilder”). Są to fotografie, które nie reprezentują konkretnych wydarzeń, lecz są dostępne w internetowych bankach fotografii z możliwością dowolnego wykorzystania jako pozorne reprezentacje treści tekstów. Zjawisko to można postrzegać jako przykład manipulacji kontekstem, ponieważ choć sam obraz nie jest w żaden sposób sfałszowany, to jego użycie poza pierwotnym kontekstem może w znaczącym stopniu wpływać na jego interpretację. Takie gotowe fotografie są często wykorzystywane jako fotografie tytułowe na portalach informacyjnych w Internecie. Ich relacje względem tekstów tytułowych w oparciu o klasyfikację relacji tekstowo-obrazowych wg Winfrieda Nötha (2000) zostały omówione w poniższym artykule na podstawie wybranych przykładów publikacji w niemieckiej wersji międzynarodowego portalu informacyjnego msn.com. Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, iż takie fotografie tytułowe w kontekście ich funkcji reprezentatywnej rzadko są dominujące względem tekstów tytułowych. Na ogół stoją one względem tekstów w relacji podrzędnej lub kontradyktoryjnej, co w znaczącym stopniu ogranicza ich rolę jako nośników informacji.
Doradztwo filozoficzne w rozumieniu Polskiego Towarzystwa Doradztwa Filozoficznego
Authors: Golecka Aleksandra , Okoń Korneliusz , Strzałkowski Julian
Published: June 2024

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiliśmy filozoficzną argumentację na rzecz definicji doradztwa filozoficznego opracowaną przez Polskie Towarzystwo Doradztwa Filozoficznego. Omawiana profesja została pokazana jako forma ponowoczesnego poradnictwa dialogowego opierająca się na procesie filozofowania. Filozofowanie rozumiane jest przez nas zarówno jako forma pracy logiczno-analitycznej jak i towarzyszenie klientowi poprzez uważną obecność. Obecność ta warunkuje możliwość zadawania pytań o charakterze egzystencjalnym, umożliwia lepsze poznanie siebie, odnalezienie swojej filozofii życia oraz poszerzenie rozumienia podejmowanych kwestii. Zaprezentowaliśmy też metodykę pracy doradcy filozoficznego. Zaakcentowane zostały także niezbędne kompetencje, które posiadać powinien doradca filozoficzny.
Apostolstwo Chorych. 100-letnie doświadczenie duchowe – podstawy teologiczne – perspektywy pastoralne
Authors: Bartoszek Antoni
Published: June 2024

The Apostolate of the Sick is a community established in the Netherlands in 1925. The principal purpose of the community, which is present in Poland as well, is to discover a spiritual and religious meaning of life marked by sickness and suffering. The monograph is the first comprehensive study of theology that underpins the foundations of the community since the beginnings of the Apostolate of the Sick. It has been based on Dutch, Polish, and French sources. The monograph proves that recognition of the meaning of suffering, often after an extended internal struggle, is extremely important for the sick. They are no longer passive receivers of care but become spiritually active entities. Such an attitude does not imply martyrdom nor does it diminish the achievements of medicine. Instead, it constitutes a spiritual and moral barrier against euthanasia.
Implementation of Discovery Learning Models to Improve Understanding of Soci-Cultural Change Material at SMP Negeri 02 Rumbia, Indonesia
Authors: Arisland Arisland
Published: June 2024

This study aims to increase understanding of the material on socio-cultural change in class IX at SMP Negeri 02 Rumbia through the application of the Discovery Learning model. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) which is carried out in three cycles, with each cycle consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were class IX students of SMP Negeri 02 Rumbia. Sources of data are teachers and students. Data collection techniques through observation and written tests, then analyzed using descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the efforts made to increase students' understanding are by applying the discovery learning learning model. showed an increase but still below the success criteria but finally in cycle III an average of 90.97 was obtained indicating the Very Good category. Obtained student learning outcomes in the material 'Socio-cultural changes' increased from cycle I to cycle III, as well as the percentage of students who achieved mastery learning increased from cycle I obtained an average learning result of 72.22 with learning completeness of 61% increased in cycle II obtained an average learning result of 79.17 with a complete learning of 75% and the last increase in cycle III obtained an average learning result of 89.72 with a learning mastery of 100% showing results that were as expected and showed a significant increase.
Improving Students’ Learning Outcomes of Islamic Religious Education Sunject Through the Application of Simulation Learning Methods at SMP Negeri 12 Poleang Barat
Authors: Nursiah Nursiah
Published: June 2024

This study aims to find out how the application of the simulation learning method in Islamic Religious Education lessons for students at SMP Negeri 12 Poleang Barat; What are the learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education for students at SMP Negeri 12 Poleang Barat; and how to increase the learning outcomes of Islamic religious education through the application of simulation learning methods for students at SMP Negeri 12 Poleang Barat. To answer this question, Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted which consisted of two cycles with three meetings and one evaluation. While research procedures include planning, implementing observation and evaluation, and reflection. The results showed that in cycle I only 36 out of 42 students met the Maximum Completeness Criteria (KKM), the average score was 70.00, or was in the low category. whereas in cycle II out of 440 of 42 students have met the Maximum Completeness Criteria (KKM) with an average value of 90.00 or are in the high category.
Osteoporosis Management in Patients with Hip Fracture post Fall
Authors: Guo Yang , Xu Ying Hua , O'Rourke Fintan , Zhang Evan
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Osteoporosis increases the risk of fragility fracture. Hip fractures are associated with poor outcomes. Men are under-screened and under-treated for osteoporosis, which tends to be secondary, and men have higher mortality and worse outcomes after hip fracture than do women. This study aimed to describe patients admitted with hip fracture following minimal trauma and to explore any gender differences in calcium and vitamin D deficiency and use of osteoporosis medication before admission.

Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional study included all patients admitted to Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital with a fracture of the hip post fall, with or without surgery, from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. Each patient's electronic medical record was reviewed to collect data. The data were extracted and analysed using GraphPad Prism 9.5.1. Unpaired Student's t-tests and Fisher's exact test were used in the analysis.

Results:

A total of 203 patients were included with a mean age of 83.5 ± 8.8 years and a range of 40 to 103 years, with over half (51.2%) aged 81 to 90 years. Fifty-nine (29.1%) were male. Of 196 patients with vitamin D levels available, 78 (39.8%) had a deficiency, including 30 of 57 (52.6%) males and 48 of 139 (34.5%) females. Males were twice as likely to be vitamin D deficient as were females on admission (OR 2.106; 95% CI 1.143 to 3.939; p = 0.0243). Of 203 patients, 39 (19.2%) were on osteoporosis treatment before admission, including 6 of 59 (10.2%) male and 33 of 144 (22.9%) female patients. Males were 2.6 times more likely to have had no osteoporosis treatment before admission than were females (OR 2.626; 95% CI 1.059 to 6.340; p = 0.0486).

Conclusions:

Males were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency and not be prescribed osteoporosis medication before admission in a cohort of patients admitted to the hospital with hip fracture post minimal trauma. To prevent hip fracture and resultant hospitalization, increased awareness is needed in diagnosing and managing osteoporosis in men, ideally occurring in the community.
Max Shulman. The American Pipe Dream: Performance of Drug Addiction, 1890–1940
Authors: Barker Roberta
Published: June 2024

The American Pipe Dream is a painstakingly researched, interdisciplinary exploration of representations of drug addiction in American performance from 1890 to 1940. Tracing the genealogies of many contemporary ideas about addicts and addiction to roots within these performances, it will engage students of performance history, medical humanities, and the sociology of literature.
Effectiveness of Tailored Self-Management Interventions for People with Chronic Musculoskeletal Conditions: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Ellen , Rodrigues Isabel B. , Li Linda C.
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the effectiveness of tailored self-management interventions to improve health and behavioural outcomes for individuals living with chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions.

Methods:

We searched relevant databases and grey literature on January 27, 2022 (CRD42022297624). We included English language randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental trials that assessed the effect of tailored self-management on health and behavioural outcomes for individuals living with chronic MSK conditions. Eligible studies included: Individually prescribed components based on subjective and/or objective assessments; usual care or non-tailored controls; ≥1 health and behavioural outcome(s). Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB 2) tool and certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.

Results:

Our search yielded 1558 articles, and 21 studies were included in the review. Compared with usual care/non-tailored controls, positive effects were detected in favour of tailored interventions for pain (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.50; moderate certainty) and quality of life, SF-12/36, (SMD = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.37; high certainty) in people with inflammatory arthritis (IA) and chronic pain conditions. Similar effects were detected for pain self-efficacy (SMD = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.62; moderate certainty) and quality of life, index score (SMD = 0.19; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.38; moderate certainty) across chronic MSK conditions.

Conclusion:

Tailored self-management interventions offer modest benefits for select health outcomes; however, clinical significance remains unclear.
Conceptual Framework for ICT Acceptance Impact on Students’ Academic Performance: Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) in Sindh,
Authors: Jamali Asif Ali
Published: June 2024

Presently, Information and Communication Technologies (I&CT) is considered one of key element as services and features in higher education. Learning through traditional way is no longer the norm in higher education at present. Instead, advanced ICT is becoming a viable paradigm for fundamentally altering Higher Education Institutions (HIEs). In this regard, the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan has launched several initiatives and made significant investments in the usage of technology in the education segment. However, it is unclear what influence ICT usage will have upon the environment, student academic performance, and learning. Evidence from literature the scarcity of research available on ICT impacts on students' academic performance, as well as the effectiveness of ICT in universities. Therefore, it needs to recognize the significance of ICT availability and the academic performance of students. The determination of this study is to explore, examine, and evaluate ICT acceptance impact on student performance at universities in Sindh, Pakistan. This study based on the extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with various external factors. This is the basic model to understand user observations and behavior toward latent acceptance and denial. This research is based on a quantitative research technique for triangulate to acquire the optimal research outcome. A collection of facts in this study from students will be a cross-sectional questionnaire survey method. The Structure equation modeling (SEM) will be used to determine the rationality of the research model with Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software. The estimated outcome of this study will showcase the extent at universities in Sindh, and also showcase the ICT impact on student academic performance. Based on those outcomes a critical framework would be recommended for students to integrate ICT.The significance of this framework will be recommended (HEIs) to enrich the quality of the education system by efficiently employing ICT to improve students' capacity to be more effective and quality-oriented professionals.
İpliği Boyalı Pamuklu Kumaşlarda Sürtme Haslığının Aşınma ve Yıkama Etkisiyle Değişimi
Authors: Şimşek Gündüz Gonca
Published: June 2024

Tekstil mamulleri kullanımları sırasında sürekli aşınma ve yıkama etkisine maruz kalmaktadır. Bu etkiler kumaşların renklerinde solmaya neden olabilmektedir. İstenilen özelliğe uygun materyal, boyama yöntemi, boyama şartları gibi özelliklerin belirlenmesi ve buna göre üretim yapılması önemlidir. Çalışmada ipliği boyalı pamuklu kumaşlarda aşınma, yıkama süresi, yıkama sıcaklığı ve yıkama tekrarının sürtme haslığı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Aşındırma sayısı arttıkça yaş ve kuru sürtme haslıklarının düştüğü tespit edilmiştir. Tur sayısı en yüksek değer olan 15000’e çıkarıldığında yaş sürtme haslığı 3, kuru sürtme haslığı 4 olarak belirlenmiştir. İpliği boyalı kumaşların sürtme haslıklarının aşınma etkisine karşı yeterli düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, yıkama süresi, sıcaklığı ve tekrarı arttıkça yaş ve kuru sürtme haslıklarının düştüğü belirlenmiştir. İlk yıkama sonrası tüm yıkama sıcaklığı ve yıkama sürelerinde yaş sürtme haslıkları 3-4/5 arasında değişmiştir. İlk yıkama sonrası yaş sürtme haslıklarının yeterli düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Yıkama sayısı arttıkça yaş ve kuru sürtme haslıklarının kabul edilen değerlerden uzaklaştığı belirlenmiştir. 20 yıkama yapılan numunelerde yıkama sıcaklığı ve süresi arttıkça sürtme haslıklarının 1/2 – 2’ye kadar düştüğü görülmüştür. Yüksek sıcaklık ve sürede tekrarlı yıkamalara maruz kalacak ipliği boyalı tekstil mamullerinin kuru ve yaş sürtme haslıklarının geliştirilmesi gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Evaluating Climate Change Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors (KAB) in Agricultural Sciences and Technologies Education
Authors: Kizildeniz Tefide , Bozkurt Fatma
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KAB) regarding climate change among undergraduate and postgraduate students enrolled into the Agricultural Sciences and Technologies in Niğde province. The research involved 200 students at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels, encompassing Turkish and English speakers. Research data were obtained through a personal information form designed to assess students' knowledge levels, behaviors, and attitudes toward climate change. The survey consists of four sections measuring students' demographic characteristics, behavioral traits related to climate change, attitudes toward climate change, and knowledge about the subject. Descriptive statistics, including percentages for categorical variables and mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables, were used in data analysis to transparently illustrate the distribution of background variables such as age, gender, and education. Focusing on knowledge about climate change, 66% of students indicated that they attribute climate change to human activities. It was observed that students' awareness of environmental issues, specifically recycling, is at a rate of 22.5%. In conclusion, when examining the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of students are studied Agricultural Sciences and Technologies regarding climate change, the study highlights the need for more effective education and awareness programs on environmental issues.
Ordu İli İçme Suyu Kaynaklarında ve Şebeke Sularındaki Metal(oid) Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Bostancı Derya , Kontaş Yalçınkaya Seda , Yedıer Serdar , Tunca Evren , Alkan Salih
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada Ordu ilinin şebeke suları (Altınordu, Perşembe, Ünye) ve içme suyu kaynaklarındaki (Melet Irmağı, Kacalı Deresi, Cevizdere) arsenik, alüminyum, kadmiyum, bakır, demir, manganez, nikel, kurşun ve çinko birikim düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Su numuneleri akarsuların su arıtma tesisine giriş bölgelerinden ve şebekedeki musluk sularından mevsimsel olarak ilgili istasyonları temsil edecek şekilde toplanmıştır. Metal(oid) analizleri indüktif eşleşmiş plazma-kütle spektrometresi (ICP-MS) ile tayin edilmiş ve mevsimsel olarak karşılaştırılmıştır. İlkbahar ve kış mevsimlerinde Ünye şebeke suyunda bakır konsantrasyonunun uluslararası limitlerin üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen tüm içme suyu kaynakları ve şebeke sularındaki alüminyum, demir, manganez ve çinko konsantrasyonları Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO)’nün limitlerini aşmamış olsa da bazı mevsimlerde konsantrasyonlarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, çalışmadaki su numunelerinde araştırılan tüm metal(oid)lerin konsantrasyonlarının ulusal standartların ilgili sınırları içerisinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak su arıtımı yeterli seviyede olsa da şebeke sistemlerinde istenmeyen bazı olumsuz durumlardan kaynaklı şebeke sularında metal(oid)lerin varlığı hala söz konusudur. Bunun için içme suyu kalitesinin ve şebeke hattının düzenli bir şekilde takibinin yapılması, ek olarak şebeke suyu içerisindeki metal varlığının giderilmesine yönelik tedbirler alınması da önem arz etmektedir.
İçme Suyu Altyapısının Mekânsal Yönetimi için Örnek Bir Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi Tasarımı ve Uygulaması: Trabzon Büyükşehir Belediyesi Özel Durum Çalışması
Authors: Çoruhlu Yakup Emre , Altaş Sait Semih
Published: June 2024

Kentin tamamına hizmet sunan ve bir bütün halinde ele alınması gereken altyapı tesisleri, tıpkı kentler gibi, düzenli ve planlı bir şekilde inşa edilmelidir. İnşa edilen altyapı tesisleri zamanla eskimekte ve hizmet veremez duruma da gelebilir. Altyapı tesislerinin yenilenmesi veya değiştirilmesi sırasında, gerekli bakım-onarım ve yenileme çalışmaları mümkün olan en kısa zamanda tamamlanmalıdır. Bu altyapı tesisleri dijital ortamda haritalara aktarılamamış, çoğu zaman kurumsal değil kişi odaklı bilgilerle yönetile gelmiştir. Altyapı tesislerinin imalat, bakım, onarım ve yönetişim süreçlerinin bir sistem dâhilinde, zamanında ve etkili bir şekilde yapılamaması bir problem durumudur. Böylesi bir hizmeti sağlamanın tek yolu, geçmişteki klasik yöntemlerden farklı olarak, günümüz bilişim, CBS ve GNSS teknolojilerinin birlikte kullanımından geçmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, güncel haritacılık teknolojileri ve bilişim imkânlarını kullanan bir yöntemle altyapı tesislerinin önemli bir bileşeni olan içme suyu tesislerinin etkili bir şekilde yönetilmesidir. Özellikle LADM’nin ISO standardına dönüşmesinden sonra ülkemizde yürütülen TUCBS çalışmaları ve birçok akademik çalışma LADM’ye uygun şekilde UML diyagramları ile modellenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında bu modelleme dili ile UML diyagramları hazırlanmış ve ardından CBS veri tabanı kurulmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilen en önemli sonuç; Trabzon kenti ilçe merkezlerinin tüm içme suyu altyapısı konumsal sorgulamalara imkân veren bir yapıda sisteme aktarılarak arıza tespit, bakım ve onarım süreçlerinin en kısa zamanda ve en az maliyetle yürütülmesinin sağlanmış olmasıdır. Bu konu ile ilgili araştırma yapanlara, içme suyu altyapı tesis bileşenlerinin dijital ortama aktarılması yanında sistemleriyle abonelerin de ilişkilendirilmesi tavsiye edilebilir. Ayrıca olası bakım, onarım ve arıza durumlarında, sadece bu işlemlerden etkilenecek abonelerin bilgilendirmesine imkân veren bir yapıda bilgi sistemlerini tasarlamaları da önerilebilir.
Karadeniz Memorandumu Kapsamında Tutulan Gemilerin Güverte Bulgularının Analizi
Authors: Karataş Hakan , Boran Muhammet
Published: June 2024

Deniz taşımacılığı uluslararası nakliyatta en yaygın kullanılan kendine ait bazı riskleri olan bir taşımacılık türüdür. Dünya ticaretinde taşınan malların yaklaşık %90’nı deniz yolu ile taşınmaktadır. Denizde can ve mal emniyeti, gemilerden kaynaklanan kirliliğin önlenmesi, gemide yaşam ve çalışma koşullarının iyileştirilmesine ilişkin daha katı kuralların uygulanması ve uluslararası denizcilik düzenlemelerine uymayan standart altı gemiler ile taşımacılığın önüne geçilmesi için oluşturulmuş denetleme mekanizmalarından biri de Liman Devleti Kontrolüdür. Bu çalışma ile Karadeniz Memorandumu kapsamında yapılan liman devleti denetimleri sonucu tutulan gemilerin, güverte eksikliklerinden kaynaklı tutulma nedenleri ile gemi bayrağı, gemi yaşı, grostonu, gemi tipi, klas kuruluşu ve denetim yapılan ülke arasındaki ilişki belirlenmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında 2016-2018 yılları arasında tutuklanan gemilere ait tutulma bilgileri Karadeniz Memorandumu web sayfasından alınmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi için IBM SPSS istatistik 23 programı kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, tutuklanan gemilerin, güverte eksikliklerinden kaynaklı tutulma nedenleri ile gemi bayrağı, gemi yaşı, grostonu, gemi tipi, klas kuruluşu ve denetim yapılan ülke arasında ilişkinin anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarının, gemi insanları, liman ve bayrak devleti denetçileri ve gemi donatanları için deniz kazalarının ve gemilerin tutulmasının önlenmesi açısından yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Endemik Onosma nana DC.’nin Kimyasal Bileşimi, Antimikrobiyal, Antioksidan ve Enzim İnhibisyon Aktivitesinin Araştırılması
Authors: Özcan Kadriye , Acet Tuba
Published: June 2024

Türkçe adı “Emzik otu” olarak bilinen Onosma türleri, etnobotanik açıdan oldukça değerlidir. Bu çalışmada, Onosma nana’nın toprak üstü ve kök kısımlarının farklı çözücülerle (etanol, metanol ve etil asetat) elde edilen ekstrelerinin antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, enzim inhibisyon (α-amilaz, α-glukozidaz ve tirozidaz) ve DNA koruyucu aktivitesi ile fenolik bileşen analizinin (HPLC) yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, etanol ekstrelerinin diğer ekstrelere nazaran araştırılan özellikler bakımından daha etkin olduğu bulunmuştur. Etanol ekstrelerinin major fenolik bileşeni rosmarinik asit (kök: 2883.3 μg/g ekstre, toprak üstü: 11187.5 μg/g ekstre) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bitkinin oldukça etkili antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur (S. epidermidis ve P. vulgaris: MİK 32µg/mL). Bitkinin DNA koruyucu etkisi ve antimikrobiyal özellikleri ilk defa araştırılmıştır. Bitkinin doğal bir ajan olarak kullanılma potansiyeli olduğu söylenebilir. Bunun yanısıra, tespit edilen aktivitelerin detaylı çalışmalarla desteklenerek etki mekanizmalarının aydınlatılması ticari öneminin anlaşılması bakımından gereklidir.
The scope of blockchain technologies: foreign practice of legal regulation
Authors:   Zhetysu University named after I. Zhansugurov, Aitimov B.Zh. , Ilyassova G.A. ,   Karaganda Buketov University,
Published: June 2024

Modern digital technologies are increasingly penetrating into various spheres of human life, so states must be ready to adapt to new technological challenges. At the same time, the construction of a state strategy in the field of digital innovation should be based on a comprehensive risk assessment and a reasonable justification of acceptable cases of technology use. The purpose of the study is to review the application of blockchain technology in relevant fields, foreign experience in its legal regulation and provide conceptual proposals for improving legislation.The study analyzes the mechanisms of using blockchain technology abroad in the fields of healthcare, e-government, cryptocurrency, exchange trading, notary, etc., the specifics of legal regulation of these relations and the current needs of using blockchain technology in Kazakhstan. At the same time, focusing on the current state of application of blockchain technology in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the parties have been identified that should be taken into account in its legal regulation and relevant legislative proposals have been considered. The relevance of the research topic lies in the fact that the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms in the collection, processing, storage and protection of personal data is a problem that can be solved not only within one state, it is a global problem.The Republic of Kazakhstan has recently adopted amendments to legislation on information security issues aimed at additional protection of personal data. The extent to which these legislative acts in practice ensure human and civil rights in the collection, processing and storage of data is considered.
An integrated approach to theconcept and elements of tax administration: theoretical and legal aspects
Authors:   Karaganda Buketov University, Nurbekova G.T. , Juchnevicius E.Е. ,   University of Gdansk, Tussupova L.K. ,   Astana InternationalUniversity
Published: June 2024

The objective of this investigation is to thoroughly revise both the theoretical and legal underpinnings of tax administration. This effort entails a comprehensive review and synthesis of scholarly perspectives on the es-sence of tax administration, juxtaposed with a comparative examination of scholarly debates surrounding its legal and economic facets. Additionally, the study delineates the oft-conflated concepts of tax administration and tax control, clarifying their distinct attributes and interrelations within a unified framework.A meticulous analysis of tax administration's core components is undertaken, including an exploration of its various forms and methods, as well as the examination of international tax authorities' cooperative endeavors in tax admin-istration via tax control mechanisms.Central to this inquiry is the assertion that effective tax administration, predicated on lawful tax collection practices and the principleof taxpayer integrity, constitutes a pivotal ele-ment of state strategy in the socio-economic domain. Tax administration, thus, seeks to fulfill tax policy ob-jectives through a comprehensive array of legal and economic tools, mechanisms, and incentives