bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To Live in the Shadows or to Die in the Light: informality in the russian labor Market
Authors: Gimpelson V. , Kapeliushnikov R.
Published: March 2019

The paper presents major findings from the multi-year study of informality in the Russian labor market conducted by the CLMS—HSE. The authors argue that the concept of informality though it seems to be intuitively clear is neither conceptually straightforward, nor easily measurable, nor univocal in terms of economic and social implications. The article explores the issues related to definitions, measurement, evolution, profiling, impact of institutions, mobility, earnings and inequality. All findings and conclusions are supported by special econometric studies and large data sets.
Housing Construction Market in the Russian Federation: Current Status and Development Prospects
Authors: Kosareva N. , Polidi T. , Puzanov A.
Published: March 2019

The authors analyze peculiarities of the housing construction market in modern Russia, incentives of actors in such markets. The efficiency of the existing state regulation is being assessed. The authors conclude that housing constructionsector is characterized by serious deficiencies and ineffective regulation. The key parameters of the housing construction market do not meet the needs of the economy and the Russian society.
How Can Farmers Get Access to Customers?
Authors: Kotliarov I.
Published: March 2019

The paper analyzes the models of direct interaction between producers and customers of farmers’ products. We demonstrate that the most effective ways of distribution of these products are servicization of retail, e-commerce, vending and direct purchase activity of retailers. The most effective state strategy aimed at supporting farmers’ access to end customers should be the stimulation of these channels of distribution development.
Deformation of Fiscal Policy and Debt Management as a Result of the Stabilization Fund Forming
Authors: Dmitrieva O.
Published: March 2019

The article shows the systematic mistake in the form of underestimation of project budget revenues. It is accompanied by the artificial increase in budget deficit which causes excessive borrowings and debt growth while in fact budget surplus takes place. It is proved that state borrowing and saving of assets in the sovereign funds (Reserve Fund and National Wealth Fund) lead to a combination of negative effects related to both deficit and surplus budgets: artificial slowdown of economic growth and increase in expenses for debt service.
1000 Laboratories: New Principles to Organize Scientific Research in Russia
Authors: Dezhina I. , Ponomarev A.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes reforms of organizational structure of Russian science in the post-Soviet period. The authors suggest a new model of organizing research groups with the aim to increase international competitiveness of Russian science. The development of possible versions of organization of such groups was based on unfocused interviews with prominent Russian scholars and representatives of Russian-speaking research diaspora. Major principles of functioning of new laboratories are analyzed, including the linkages with host institutions, financial, human resources, and governance aspects, as well as procedures for monitoring and evaluation.
Kazakhstan: Resource Curse or Dutch Disease?
Authors: Aliev T.
Published: March 2019

The paper examines the influence of resource wealth on the nature of economic development of Kazakhstan. Despite active economic dynamics in the 2000s, the effect of resource abundance has a negative impact on the quality characteristics of modern economic growth in the country. Kazakhstan is characterized by significant structural, territorial, social disparities, low international competitiveness of many commercial goods (even some commodities).
Government Support Policy of the russian Enterprises During the 2008—2009 Crisis: Criteria of Treating the Companies as “Strategic”
Authors: Kislitsyn D.
Published: March 2019

Support of individual enterprises was an important part of anti-crisis policy of Russian government during 2008—2009. The officially declared goal of this support was maintaining sustainability of “systemically important”, or strategic enterprises. Using regression analysis, the author seeks to determine the extent to which inclusion in the The List of strategic organizations approved by the Government Commission on sustainable development of the Russian economy in December 2008 was defined by the social significance of the company or by its affiliation with one of the 16 largest Russian business groups.
Predicting Turning Points of the Business Cycle: Do Financial Sector Variables Help?
Authors: Pestova A.
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study is to develop a system of leading indicators of the business cycle turning points for a wide range of countries, including Russia, over a period of more than thirty years. We use a binary choice model with the dependent variable of the state of economy: the recession, there is no recession. These models allow us to assess how likely is the change of macroeconomic dynamics from positive to negative and vice versa. Empirical analysis suggests that the inclusion of financial sector variables into equation can significantly improve the predictive power of the models of the turning points of business cycles. At the same time, models with financial and real sector variables obtained in the paper outperform the "naive" models based only on the leading indicator of GDP in the OECD methodology due to either a lower level of noise (recession model) or a higher predictive power (model of the recovery from recession).
Is It Worth to Protect Competition from Intellectual Property Rights?
Authors: Shastitko A.
Published: March 2019

Discrete structural alternatives (DSA) of intellectual activity results creation, including specification and protection of intellectual property rights (IPR), are considered through the lens of balancing with competition protection. DSA within the framework of IPR system are studied taking into account differences in incentives depending on market structures where goods are produced with IPR use, on the one hand, and regimes of antitrust, on the other hand. Besides, the open access to results of intellectual activity within the system of prizes and public procurement are presented as DSA. Some recommendations on balancing two ways of economic policy taking into account the state of affairs in Russian antitrust and IPR protection are put forward.
Impact of Corruption on Business Development: Empirical Estimates
Authors: Belyanova E. , Nikolaenko S.
Published: March 2019

The paper considers the relationship of corruption and domestic business environment. The authors propose a method of quantitative estimation of the impact of corruption on the business climate through the use of international ratings. The quantitative estimations obtained allow to construct an alternative rating of business environment, free of the influence of corruption, and estimate, with its help, the comparative advantages of Russia as of late 2012. In addition the paper determines the limits of possible improvement of the business climate in Russia on the assumption that the effectiveness of anti-corruption policy would be low.
Russian foreign trade price competitiveness
Authors: Gnidchenko A. , Salnikov V.
Published: March 2019

We examine export and import prices for Russian commodities relative to world prices during 2002—2011 across aggregated and disaggregated commodity groups. We also propose an aggregated export price competitiveness index as a tool of monitoring quality dynamics and a composite price competitiveness rating by commodity groups.
Rent-Seeking Russia
Authors: Levin M. , Satarov G.
Published: March 2019

The Russian economy is in transition period “from plan to market”, which is characterized by immature institutions and expansion of rent-seeking behavior. In this article, the authors consider rent as a possible excess return above the minimum income needed to encourage an agent to implement the actions specified by the principal. In this paper the authors present and analyze the following types of rent: natural, exclusive, political, administrative and transitional. They also consider the consequences of the rent-seeking behavior for Russian economy.
Impending Recession and How to Fight It: Empirical analysis of russian reality and Global Experience
Authors: Mironov V. , Kanofyev V.
Published: March 2019

The paper considers the problem of autonomous recessions in the Russian economy, which are explained as a drop of the output caused by endogenous shocks of the supply and/or demand. In order to determine possible factors of the autonomous recession we consider the stylized facts and other characteristics of such recessions in OECD economies in 2000—2012. Using these findings we study the current state of the Russian economy in terms of factors of a possible recession. We also examine the countercyclical policy of the government. The latter is done using different approaches of calculation of the output gap, including the determination of the levels of factor utilization that don’t accelerate the inflation rate. These results are used to make a conclusion about the optimal design of the countercyclical policy that reflects the characteristics of the recession and the output gap as well as the key features of Russia as a resource-based economy.
Institutional Configurations Of Regional Businessenvironment: Projection Parameters
Authors: Degtyarev A. , Malikov R. , Grishin K.
Published: March 2019

The article considers some issues of institutional support for developing regional business environment as the basis of successful economic development of a region. The process of regional business environment institutions forming is analyzed using the methodology of constructing a matrix-based institutional model of entrepreneurial activities. The authors conclude that it is the institutional configuration of business environment that accounts for the existing discrepancies in the levels of social and economic development among regions. Applying the instruments of institutional projecting the authors construct models of interaction between business entities and regional authorities in the context of newly introduced rules of running a business that allows to determine the parameters of optimal institutional configurations of regional business environment.
Investment climate and government turnover in russian regions
Authors: Syunyaev G. , Polishchuk L.
Published: March 2019

We study the impact of Russian regional governors’ rotation and their affiliation with private sector firms for the quality of investment climate in Russian regions. A theoretical model presented in the paper predicts that these factors taken together improve “endogenous” property rights under authoritarian regimes. This conclusion is confirmed empirically by using Russian regional data for 2002—2010; early in that period gubernatorial elections had been canceled and replaced by federal government’s appointments. This is an indication that under certain conditions government rotation is beneficial for economic development even when democracy is suppressed.
Social Capital and the Demand for Regulation in Russia
Authors: Menyashev R.
Published: March 2019

There is a popular view in Russian studies arguing that underdevelopment of Russian civil society is partly responsible for the failure of liberal idea in Russia. Fragmented society sees no alternative to massive government regulation, that is why support of strong state is so high. If this logic is true, the differences in civicness across urban societies should show up in liberal parties support. This paper estimates this effect using social capital framework and drawing upon the data from Russian regions.
Bounded-rationality models:tasks to become intellectually competitive
Authors: Harstad R. M. , Selten R.
Published: March 2019

Research in experimental economics has cogently challenged the fundamental precept of neoclassical economics that economic agents optimize. The last two decades have seen elaboration of boundedly rational models that try to move away from the optimization approach, in ways consistent with experimental findings. Nonetheless, the collection of alternative models has made little headway supplanting the dominant paradigm. We delineate key ways in which neoclassical microeconomics holds continuing and compelling advantages over bounded-rationality models, and suggest, via a few examples, the sorts of further, difficult pushes that would be needed to redress this state of affairs. Closer collaboration between theoretic modeling and experiments is clearly seen to be necessary.
Higher education reform in russia:international experience and economics
Authors: Tambovtsev V. , Rozhdestvenskaya I.
Published: March 2019

The paper is aimed to analyze the current higher education reform in Russia in the context of international experience of higher education systems’ performance and economics’ statements. It is shown that changes put into practice are in discrepancy with Russian higher education system institutional environment. As a consequence the achievement of formal resemblance of Russian higher education system with other effective higher education systems will not result in real improvement of its efficiency and quality. Alternative directions for the Russian higher education system transformation are proposed.
The Russian Labor Market: Paradoxes of Post-crisis Performance
Authors: Kapeliushnikov R. , Oshchepkov A.
Published: March 2019

In the end of 2012 the Russian economy entered a period of permanently declining growth rates. The paper provides a thorough analysis of the labor market performance under these new conditions. We explain why despite economic stagnation its basic characteristics - labor force participation, employment, unemployment, hirings and separations, vacancies - remained at very favorable levels. Our analysis also indicates that though with a certain lag the labor market has started to react to negative economic shocks. We conclude that now effects of long-run structural shifts intervene with effects of short-run economic fluctuations and this will seriously affect the dynamics of the Russian labor market in the medium- and long-term perspectives.
Job Turnover: What the Russian Statistics Tells Us
Authors: Gimpelson V. , Zhikhareva O. , Kapeliushnikov R.
Published: March 2019

The paper analyzes job turnover in the Russian economy on the basis of aggregate data provided by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) since 2008. It describes main trends in job creation and job destruction in the Russian labor market over 2008-2012 and explores variation in intensity of these processes by types of ownership, sectors and regions. Cross-country comparisons indicate that job turnover in the Russian economy remains low. However, its private sector demonstrates much higher job creation and job destruction rates.
The Russian Population in Times of Economic Difficulties: Limits of adaptability
Authors: Gontmakher E.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes the current tendencies of economic development of Russia from the point of view of their influence on the social situation of the population. It examines the main risks that could affect the deterioration of this situation and possible consequences of their realization. The conclusion is that the social model, which is characterized by very high potential adaptability and does not motivate people to move to nationwide open protests, continues to operate in Russia. Only elite groups of Russian society can become the source of radical change provoked by growing economic problems.
Dependency of the Russian industry on imports and the strategy of import substitution industrialization
Authors: Berezinskaya O. , Vedev A.
Published: March 2019

In the context of slowly increasing domestic demand, import substitution industrialization is urged to become the driver of economic growth already in the short term. Replacement of foreign import production with domestic equivalents will be essentially determined by the character of the economy dependency on imports. The paper proposes the analysis of perspectives and potential ways of addressing the issue of import substitution in order to lessen the degree of Russian economy dependency on imports.
Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics-2014: Jean Tirole
Authors: Avdasheva S. , Shastitko A.
Published: March 2019

Jean Tirole’s Nobel Prize-winning research is described within the context of practical issues for economic policy and taking into account the relevance of his results for the real world. The paper considers how Tirole contributed to the resolution of “Chicago school paradoxes” in industrial organization and to explaining antitrust law enforcement in the new economy. We also emphasize specific features of Tirole’s textbook on industrial organization and demonstrate its significance for systematic knowledge of markets organization. The main elements of Tirole’s approach to optimal regulation are also discussed.
Sustainability of Russian Economy in the Mirror of the System Economic Theory  (Part 1)
Authors: Kleiner G.
Published: March 2019

The basic principles of economic sustainability are considered in the article from a strategic perspective, from the viewpoint of the system economic theory. The article consists of two parts. In the first part the concept of the dynamics of a national economy is portrayed as a recurring cycle of four phases of development: crisis, post-crisis, inter-crisis, and pre-crisis. The movement between the stages is synchronized with the changes in the role functions (leadership, opposition, neutrality, support) of the four principal macro subsystems of the economy and the sequence of phases of the life cycle of subsystems (maturity, renovation, formation, development). We consider as the key subsystems of economy (in the wider sense of the word): economic theory, socio-economic policy, management of the economy and economic practice (real economy). A new model of the distribution of roles of subsystems at various stages of the crisis cycle of the economy is proposed, allowing, during the formation of socio-economic strategy, for the consideration of the maximum potential of each subsystem and for identifying possible regulatory levers, affecting the duration of various stages of the crisis cycle of the economy. In the second part of the article the capabilities of the system economic theory in the analysis of economic sustainability and its principal subsystems are elaborated on; and the potential impact of the four system sectors of the economy (object, project, process, environment) on the development and stabilization of the economy will be analyzed, on this basis measures are proposed to ensure system economic sustainability.
Epistemological Status of Models and Thought Experiments in Economics
Authors: Koshovets O. , Varkhotov T.
Published: March 2019

The paper considers the analogy of theoretical modeling and thought experiment in economics. The authors provide historical and epistemological analysis of thought experiments and their relations to the material experiments in natural science. They conclude that thought experiments as instruments are used both in physics and in economics, but in radically different ways. In the natural science, a thought experiment is tightly connected to the material experimentation, while in economics it is used in isolation. Material experiments serve as a means to demonstrate the reality, while thought experiments cannot be a full-fledged instrument of studying the reality. Rather, they constitute the instrument of structuring the field of inquiry.
The Moral Nature of Debtand the Making of Responsible Debtor
Authors: Yudin G.
Published: March 2019

The significance of debt relations is constantly growing in the present-day world, so do economic problems related to debt. Credit relationships on market are usually treated as morally neutral despite the fact that debt generates a number of moral contradictions. This paper suggests an understanding of debt that draws on the anthropological theory of gift. It enables to expose the moral content of the utilitarian market exchange as compared to gift exchange and to differentiate between various forms of debt. This approach is used for analyzing consumer credit and for demonstrating that debtor’s behavior is paradoxically determined by striving to avoid the moral obligations of debt. The main moral imperatives are indicated that govern consumer credit - independence and necessity, calculativeness and quantification. This article demonstrates that making the borrower responsible for growing debt makes credit burden increasing rather than restraints it.
Formation and Development of Technology Transfer System in Russia and Abroad
Authors: Solovieva Y.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the forms and conditions of interaction of participants of innovative process, features of creation and development of organizational system of technology transfer in Russia and foreign countries. On the basis of the analysis the author points out the key and most perspective directions of development of integration of scientific and educational, production spheres and the state in order to form special mechanisms of the organization of innovative processes providing effective interaction between all participants.
Gold and Foreign Exchange Reserves: History, Definition, Composition and Modern Functions
Authors: Narkevich S.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with the concept of gold and foreign exchange reserves and the role they play in the present-day economy. Recently the stock of foreign exchange reserves accumulated across the world has grown substantially. In many cases it was connected with the functions they play in the current monetary policy. Possibilities to use such reserves to counter balance of payments shocks or for achieving export-oriented growth make them an important macroeconomic stability tool.
Russia’s Economy Diversification
Authors: Faltsman V.
Published: March 2019

The article studies import substitution potential in a new geopolitical situation for the four most “import-intensive” industries that are characterized with the highest volume of import and negative foreign trade balance: agri-food sector, mechanical engineering, chemicals, transportation services and traveling. Prospects, preconditions and threats for import substitution of certain foodstuffs, tractors, rail cars, trucks, passenger cars, civil aircraft, plastics, tires, transportation services and traveling are analyzed. The import substitution process will be accompanied by diversification of industrial production. Potential reducing of the burden on primary exports due to contraction of imports in certain market niches and filling them with domestic manufacturing goods is assessed.
A New Stage of Economic Development in Post-Soviet Russia
Authors: Akindinova N. , Yasin E.
Published: March 2019

The article discusses the current stage of economic development in Russia. In particular, the authors analyze the problems caused by both the inefficiencies accumulated during the previous years, and the deterioration of the external conditions in 2014. They also stress the factors that can support and prevent the restructuring of the Russian economy and its further growth. In conclusion they list economic policy scenarios appropriate for the new situation.
Food security: Problems of assessing
Authors: Shagaida N. , Uzun V.
Published: March 2019

The article is focused on the problem of monitoring and evaluation of food security. The necessity of changing the existing Russian approaches is proved, a system of indicators and methods of their calculation are proposed, calculations of integral index of food independence are developed, economic access to the food for the population with different income levels is estimated. Regions with threats of social instability associated with limited economic access to food for a large part of the population are revealed.
Ethical consumption in Russia: Profiles, Factors, and Perspectives
Authors: Shabanova M.
Published: March 2019

The article presents the results of the first representative study of ethical consumption in Russia. The level and profiles of ethical consumption, as well as the main types of ethical consumers have been identified. Factors affecting the partition of individuals into the different types of consumers have been defined using the multinomial logit regression. On this basis, the paper draws implications on the potential and the conditions of expansion of ethical consumption in Russia.
FDI Inflows into Russian Real Sector: Microeconomic Foundations and Forecasting
Authors: Mogilat A.
Published: March 2019

We develop a two-step methodology for analysis of FDI inflows into industries of Russian real sector, based on Heckman selection model. The methodology is related to the following important points: (1) it helps to take into account multilevel factors of FDI inflows (including firm-level, industrial and macroeconomic factors); (2) one can use it to forecast FDI inflows into industries. According to estimates, in 2015 FDI to Russian real sector is going to fall in most industries. This shall result in a significant shift in the FDI structure towards raw materials and energy sectors. However, in 2017 FDI will recover in most industries (including the shift back in the sectoral structure of FDI).
The Development of the Oil Sector in Russia
Authors: Bobylev Y.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the development of the oil sector of the Russian economy, which plays a leading role in forming state budget revenues and the country’s trade balance. It analyzes the main trends and the results of development of the Russian oil sector since 1990, including the production and refining of oil, oil export, domestic consumption of oil, the prices for oil and petroleum products, tax regulation. The author suggests measures for further development of the oil sector, including the improvements in the tax system.
How National Budget can Provide Economic Growth
Authors: Aganbegyan A.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the role of national budget in Russian socio-economic development. The author analyzes the Russian budget of the last decade and comes to the conclusion that it is not efficient because there is no long term planning, the allocation of responsibilities between the Ministry of Economic Development and the Ministry of Finance is not optimal, and because the government is trying to stimulate economic growth without resorting to deficit budget.
Polarization or upgrading? Evolution of Employment in Transitional Russia
Authors: Gimpelson V. , Kapeliushnikov R.
Published: March 2019

This paper discusses the structural change in the Russian employment and explores whether the evolution of employment in 2000-2012 followed the scenario of progressive upgrading in job quality or brought about the polarization of jobs in terms of their quality. Jobs are defined here as occupation-industry cells and their quality is measured through relative earnings and education levels. Using detailed micro-data from a few complementary large scale surveys, we rank all jobs according to the earnings and educational criteria and divide these distributions into 5 quintiles. At the next stage, we explore dynamic changes in job quality and socio-demographic characteristics of workers in different quintiles. The paper rejects the polarization scenario and confirms the upgrading hypothesis.
Traditions of foreign countries studies in modern russian economic expertise
Authors: Kuznetsov A.
Published: March 2019

The article deals with Russian traditions of studies of foreign countries which have become an intellectual pillar for Russian economic expertise. The modern application of experience of Soviet scientific schools in international studies is shown, especially in the fields of world development forecasts, analysis of Russian foreign economic relations and research of economic policy abroad. The article is based on open sources with publications, reports and presentations about expert and analytical activities of the Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO) and other institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, VNIKI-Institute, MGIMO-University and some other centers. It is explained that results of international studies have become a necessary element for consulting of governmental bodies and businessmen in the epoch of globalization.
The issue of housing in Russia: Which model will overcome the crisis - updated razdatok or quasi-market? (on the books by Harris S. E. “Communism on Tomorrow Street: Mass Housing and Everyday Life after Stalin” and Zavisca J. R. “Housing the New Russia”)
Authors: Bessonova O.
Published: March 2019

Based on the razdatok economy theory, this review article answers the question why, after twenty years of market transformations of housing sector in Russia, razdatok principles emerge in the new housing programs again. The book by S. Harris explores the housing razdatok in all phases of the Soviet cycle, tracing the roots of the housing policy of “thaw” and focusing on the mass resettlement of citizens in the khrushchevka’s. J. Zaviska in her book examines the problem of transformation of the housing razdatok in the post-Soviet period and its turning into “property without markets.” Taken together, these monographs provide valuable insights on the two typical housing models in Russia.
Foreign concessions in the Soviet Union of the 1920s: "Why split up"?
Authors: Levin M. , Sheveleva I.
Published: March 2019

Foreign concessions in the USSR existed for a very short period of 8-9 years. The paper considers some causes behind the closure of the concession companies that happened despite the assurances of the Soviet authorities allegedly desiring to attract foreign investment and technology. One of these causes - conflicts between the concessions’ administrations and trade unions in the enterprises; the other refers to the intentionally limited access to financial resources.
Intra-industry and inter-industry trade through the lens of comparative and absolute advantage
Authors: Gnidchenko A.
Published: March 2019

The article surveys the literature that emphasizes the importance of comparative and absolute advantages for intra- and inter-industry trade. Two conclusions follow form the survey. First, unlike the traditional view, intra-industry trade is determined rather by technology than by increasing returns. Second, absolute advantages that have been ignored in international trade models for a long time play a vital role through their linkages with product quality and export diversification. We also discuss a new strand of literature that models international trade with the assumption of non-homothetic preferences.
Russian community of economists: main features and perspectives
Authors: Maltsev A.
Published: March 2019

The article summarizes the survey of more than 300 representatives of the Russian community of academic economists (RCAE) regarding the perception of the different tendencies in the development of economic science. It shows that despite the differences in theoretical and methodological views RCAE is a more cohesive academic group than it is commonly believed. One of the questions that cause the greatest discrepancy in the views of the Russian economists is the attitude to the creation of “nationally oriented” economic theory. One of the main obstacles to the development of the economic science in Russia turns out to be the low level of its internationalization.
On the mechanisms of growth of the Russian economy under conditions of worsening financial problems in the world
Authors: Ershov M.
Published: March 2019

Many challenges that have recently emerged in the world economy still exist. Moreover, new problems have appeared. Now we can see at the same time low economic growth in many countries, rising public debts, overheating of stock markets. The fact that alongside with negative interest rates financial resources are not in demand becomes more obvious. Major international banks meet rising problems again. In this environment government interference to support economic players and different markets is getting more pervasive.
Russian reforms in the context of cognitive history theory
Authors: Medushevsky A.
Published: March 2019

Within the conceptual framework of cognitive theory the author presents a concept of social transformations based on information exchange - the target-oriented construction of the social reality in past and present. The paper focuses on cognitive logic of reforms, reconstructing the frames of general information, elaboration of dominant reform projects, the process of priorities selection, the modes of cognitive domination maintenance used by reform elites. On this ground the Russian reforms style is analyzed as the stable and self-reproductive cognitive stereotypes, the system of formal and informal institutional regulations, their transformation in the process of reforms, implementation of varied strategies and technologies of information control as precondition of the reforms’ success. The accumulation of historical experience provides the possibility to rethink the strategy of Russian reforms at the current stage.
Assessing the impact of sanctions on russian companies performance
Authors: Fedorova E. , Fedotova M. , Nikolaev A.
Published: March 2019

The paper presents the estimation of sanctions influence on the results of domestic companies on the basis of spillover effects. It is shown that the strength of sanctions influence is mainly determined by the processing chain in terms of industry foreign trade relations structure. During the whole period under analysis (from 2005 to 2012) the companies’ earnings were influenced mostly by German investment (import, export and horizontal country spillovers are significant). Investment from China also affected national companies during the crisis of 2008-2009. Import-driven (productive) industries suffer from sanction regime that is confirmed by the significance of import and export spillover of FDI from the countries, which introduced the sanctions.
The economic power of large corporations and regional development
Authors: Nefedkin V.
Published: March 2019

The article develops the approach to the phenomenon of large corporations in Russian economy based on the concept of economic power. The analysis of dynamics and structure of revenues of the largest Russian companies demonstrates the long-term tendency to increase the concentration of economic power. The paper considers the effects of this increase and of the preferences given to large corporations including those aimed at the development of the territories with sustainable resource specialization.
Uzun V. Ya., Shagaida N. I. Agrarian reform in post-Soviet Russia: Mechanisms and results
Authors: Buzdalov I.
Published: March 2019

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The Russian ruble crisis of December 2014
Authors: Obizhaeva A.
Published: March 2019

The paper presents a microstructure analysis of the crash of the Russian ruble in mid-December 2014. The author shows that the market break probably happened due to the execution of a large order that converted Russian rubles into U.S. dollars over a short period of a few days. Expirations of futures and options as well as possible front-running could have exacerbated the collapse of the Russian currency. The paper discusses measures taken by the Moscow Exchange and Bank of Russia during the episode and makes several recommendations to prevent a repetition of the similar events and provide an effective response in the face of future market breaks.
Estimation of socio-economic national losses as a result of road accidents in russia
Authors: Kolesnikova D. , Karabchuk T. , Salnikova D. , Fattahov T.
Published: March 2019

Every thirty minutes a person dies in a road traffic accident in Russia. Twenty five thousand people die annually, which is equivalent to the middle-populated city in the country. According to Traffic Police Statistics, much more people get wounded or disabled in road accidents. In order to reduce the number of deaths in car accidents it is necessary to implement specific measures, which require substantial public investment. Hence the relevance of more specific evaluation of socio-economic national losses arising because of death, disablement and traumatism in road traffic accidents. To make this possible, the authors have worked out the efficient methodology for estimating socio-economic national losses as a result of road accidents. According to our analysis, the total value of such losses equals 487.1 billion RUB in 2013.
Economic strategy: Extrapolation or regularity?
Authors: Evstigneeva L. , Evstigneev R.
Published: March 2019

In this article the authors concentrate upon the key questions, in the first place, upon the movement from object to subject and from the dichotomy “the state - the market” to the integral economic system. For the purposes of this research it has been important to comprehend economy within a context of long waves of conjuncture and a quantum nature of the market as integrity. In conclusion an attempt of comparative estimation of the present and synergetic approaches to strategy has been undertaken.
Russia’s economy: before the long transition
Authors: Akindinova N. , Kuzminov Y. , Yasin E.
Published: March 2019

The article shows the main stages and results of the economic development in Russia since the early 1990s. It describes the process of formation and the basic features of a three-sector economic model, as well as the reasons for its stability and existing constraints to economic growth. The authors consider the most likely scenario for the evolution of the current economic model under conditions of a steady decline in export revenues. They also focus on fiscal and social risks and alternatives in economic policy.
Economic methodology in retrospect (On the book by V. M. Yefimov "Contested economic science: The other methodology, history and research practices")
Authors: Orekhovsky P.
Published: March 2019

The paper overviews the basic ideas of the book and focuses on the author’s proposal to move towards a research university model and the implementation of constructivist economic analysis. Yefimov offers a radical rethinking of the history of economic science, negatively assesses the emergence of neoclassical mainstream, and rehabilitates the German historical school and the American (old) institutionalism. The book analyzes retrospectively within a wide political and economic context how theoretical beliefs of prominent economists came into being. It contains personal reflections and research experience, as well as relatively unfamiliar biographical data of different reputable scholars.
Paradoxes of reservation wage setting in the Russian labor market. Part I
Authors: Kapeliushnikov R. , Lukyanova A.
Published: March 2019

Using panel data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for 2006-2014, the paper investigates reservation wages setting in the Russian labor market. The sample includes non-employed individuals wishing to get a job (both searchers and non-searchers). The first part of the paper provides a survey of previous empirical studies, describes data and analyzes subjective estimates of reservation wages in comparison with various objective indicators of actual wages. The analysis shows that wage aspirations of the majority of Russian non-employed individuals are overstated. However their wage expectations are rather flexible and decrease rapidly as the search continues that prevents high long-term unemployment. The second part of the paper provides an econometric analysis of main determinants of reservation wage and its impact on probability of re-employment and wages on searchers’ new jobs.
On the methodology of institutional studies (To the 80th anniversary of Ronald Coase’s "Nature of the Firm")
Authors: Shastitko A.
Published: March 2019

The paper deals with the comparative analysis of discrete institutional alternatives operationalized by referring to institutional design on different levels of interaction between economic agents and their groups. Theoretical differences between an institutional set of economic exchanges and an institutional boundaryof exchanges has been accounted for, as well as the differences between compensating and eliminating the failures of institutional arrangements used to organize economic exchange. Three examples illustrating the proposed research approach are analyzed: contracting on large diameter pipes for PJSC "Gazprom" infrastructure projects; contracting in the area of commercial real estate renting with "currency component"; the choice of mechanisms of governance for companies on highly concentrated markets with significant double-sided switching cost.
Labor supply elasticity in Russia
Authors: Klepikova E.
Published: March 2019

The paper estimates wage elasticity of labor supply in Russia - both intensive and extensive margins. Empirical research is based on the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey - Higher School of Economics data for the period from 2004 to 2014. The study uses an adaptation of the Heckman selection model, estimation proceeds in four stages. It is shown that elasticity of the decision regarding hours worked is insignificant for all demographic groups with the exception of married women, for whom it is significantly negative. The elasticity regarding the decision to participate is positive, but quite low for people aged 25-54, and is much higher for those in the early retirement age. The possible application of the obtained estimates is demonstrated by measuring potential effect of personal income tax and pension system reforms on the labor supply.
Money mechanisms and the shifting mode of reproduction model
Authors: Mayevsky V. , Andryushin S. , Malkov S. , Rubinstein A.
Published: March 2019

On the basis of the shifting mode of reproduction model it is shown that the transition of the Russian economic system to the growth stage is connected with its increasing monetization. Under the current monetary policy additional growth of money in the economy is possible through more active implementation of the new monetary mechanism, based on the reserve money of the central bank, issued for implementation of investment projects. Such a mechanism in conditions of a certain relationship among interest rates, rate of return, and the proportion between fiscal and credit emission for investment purposes calculated according to the model will create the necessary prerequisites for the transition of the Russian economy to the stage of growth.
Сandidates for the championship: Medium-sized high growth companies and state-run programs for their support
Authors: Medovnikov D. , Oganesyan T. , Rozmirovich S.
Published: March 2019

The phenomenon of high growth medium-sized companies is a major focus within industrial policy in recent years and it has induced an active discussion in many countries about the practicability of the use of state-backed support instruments designed to promote these firms. The new state project to provide support to private high-tech companies-leaders has started in June 2016 upon an initiative of the RF Ministry of Economic Development. The rating "TechUspekh" ("TechSuccess") has been chosen as the main database for further selection of the companies-participants of this project. The article describes main results obtained from the sampling study of the companies included in this rating in 2015 and also brings out a set of possible recommendations for state-backed support measures for such leading companies-"tech-gazelles". The last subsection is devoted to the review of the latest public support programs for the fast-growing mid-sized companies in a number of foreign countries.
Poblamiento y conflicto social en la frontera guajira (1700-1800)
Authors: Polo Acuña José Trinidad
Published: March 2019

Hoy, cuando el siglo XX finaliza en medio de un mundo cambiante e inquieto como una gota de mercurio, las reflexiones del historiador sobre el pasado son más necesarias que nunca, pues debemos saber cómo el tiempo presente, nuestro tiempo, agita y golpea las complejidades que guardan los profundos enigmas de nuestro pasado. Como historiadores latinoamericanos necesitamos saber cómo en nuestras vacilaciones de hoy se diluyen e incrustan traumas, comedias, tendencias, estructuras y gestos no superados del hecho colonial, en palabras de un historiador colombiano “un universo de fenómenos no muy bien asimilados en la cultura, en el espíritu, en las actitudes y en las expectativas individuales y colectivas de nuestros pueblos. “Por ello las reflexiones que aquí construyo y presento sobre una faceta del pasado guajiro en una centuria del período colonial es un intento de buscar raíces, soles que no vemos, risas y pasiones que sólo crecen en unos instantes y paisajes frescos e ignorados de la historia del Caribe colombiano: La Guajira, territorio que para algunos es mágico, tierra milenaria pero también olvidada, territorio donde se ha desarrollado una cultura fronteriza y donde la vida fluye en medio de la dialéctica pasado-presente.
Crisis y renovación del conservatismo cartagenero
Authors: Troncoso Ovalle Luis
Published: March 2019

En este artículo nos proponemos abordar el tema de la cultura política de la élite cartagenera durante el período de 1895 a 1905, empleando como fuente la prensa comercial de la época por su alto grado de politización, reflejo de la actitud política de la élite local en su mayoría conservadora, la que daba a este medio de información el carácter de instrumento de combate para difundir y defender su ideología y programas gubernamentales. La cultura política de las élites la definimos por contraste con la de los de abajo, pues si ésta tiene que ser reconstruida a partir de indicios y de acciones colectivas en las que difícilmente podemos distinguir a sus actores específicos, apareciendo como un pensamiento disgregado, el estudio de la cultura política de las élites se nos aparece más claro dado que sus luchas fracciónales siempre se daban por medio de actores en concreto, de voceros que expresaban de manera tácita sus reflexiones sobre los asuntos del Estado y de los partidos políticos.
Sermones a Félix María Calleja, el Señor de la Guerra.
Authors: Terán Fuentes Mariana , Muro Marrufo Cruz Dalia
Published: March 2019

El artículo da cuenta de la importancia de la historia militar para la comprensión de la guerra de insurgencia en la Nueva España. Se destaca la producción de oratoria sagrada a través de los sermones, que propagó los argumentos de la “causa justa” representados por los ejércitos comandados por el general Félix María Calleja. De ser reconocido como el “Libertador de América”, pasó a la historia gracias a la cultura cívica republicana como el más cruel y despiadado sanguinario que contuvo el avance del ejército insurgente. El texto repasa a los principales predicadores que apoyaron los propósitos de Calleja y ofrece una reflexión general sobre el uso político del olvido de militares como Calleja para la formación de una identidad nacional mexicana.
LA PRENSA CATÓLICA EN EL ESTADO SOBERANO DEL MAGDALENA: GUERRA DE PALABRAS Y PEDAGOGÍA POLÍTICA
Authors: Santos Adriana
Published: March 2019

La prensa en el Estado Soberano del Magdalena, esto es, los periódicos, pasquines, cartillas y hojas volantes, divulgaron las propuestas de la élite política nacional y regional tanto liberal como conservadora bajo características específicas que oscilaron entre una guerra informativa tendiente a consolidar una forma particular de hegemonía cultural y la formación de una opinión pública pro­ducto de la educación. Aunque en la retórica sobre el proyecto de las publicaciones periódicas se trazaba como propósito fundamen­tal la educación de los ciudadanos, en el plano de los principios políticos liberales o conservadores, en realidad no siempre se cum­plió con dicha meta.