bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unitary symmetries in wormhole geometry and its thermodynamics
Authors: Ali Ahmed Farag , Moulay Emmanuel , Jusufi Kimet , Alshal Hassan
Published: December 2022

From a geometric point of view, we show that the unitary symmetries $${{\,\textrm{U}\,}}(1)$$

U

(
1
)

and $${{\,\textrm{SU}\,}}(2)$$

SU

(
2
)

stem fundamentally from Schwarzschild and Reissner–Nordström wormhole geometry through spacetime complexification. Then, we develop quantum tunneling which makes these wormholes traversable for particles. Finally, this leads to wormhole thermodynamics.
BLOCKCHAIN-BASED IoFLT FEDERATED LEARNING IN A FUZZY/GAN ENVIRONMENT FOR A SMART TRADING BOT
Authors: AGUILERA RICARDO CARREÑO , ORTIZ MIGUEL PATIÑO , ESTEVA VERÓNICA AGUILAR , BAUTISTA DANIEL PACHECO
Published: December 2022

A DAPP is performed with collaborative training, where “Federated Learning” uses each device client to work as a singular artificial intelligence model using machine learning. The purpose is to reduce the latency by using computing resources from all client devices and increase privacy since personal data does not leave the client’s devices. Applying machine learning massively in decentralized trading bots using blockchain seems to be a great solution. This learning solution can be improved using a fuzzy generative adversarial network environment to help the training. In this case, the expert system has a Python bot to interact with the Binance API to place buy/sell orders for the BTC–USD pair.
Linear Maps as Sufficient Criteria for Entanglement Depth and Compatibility in Many-Body Systems
Authors: Lewenstein Maciej , Müller-Rigat Guillem , Tura Jordi , Sanpera Anna
Published: December 2022

Physical transformations are described by linear maps that are completely positive and trace preserving (CPTP). However, maps that are positive (P) but not completely positive (CP) are instrumental to derive separability/entanglement criteria. Moreover, the properties of such maps can be linked to entanglement properties of the states they detect. Here, we extend the results presented in [34], where sufficient separability criteria for bipartite systems were derived. In particular, we analyze the entanglement depth of an [Formula: see text]-qubit system by proposing linear maps that, when applied to any state, result in a biseparable state for the [Formula: see text] partitions, i.e., [Formula: see text]-entanglement depth. Furthermore, we derive criteria to detect arbitrary [Formula: see text]-entanglement depth tailored to states in close vicinity of the completely depolarized state (the normalized identity matrix). We also provide separability (or [Formula: see text]-entanglement depth) conditions in the symmetric sector, including the diagonal states. Finally, we suggest how similar map techniques can be used to derive sufficient conditions for a set of expectation values to be compatible with separable states or local-hidden-variable theories. We dedicate this paper to the memory of the late Andrzej Kossakowski, our spiritual and intellectual mentor in the field of linear maps.
Detection and Classification of Skin Cancer Using Unmanned Transfer Learning Based Probabilistic Multi-Layer Dense Networks
Authors: Nyemeesha V. , Kavitha M. , Mohammed Ismail B.
Published: December 2022

Skin cancer is one of the most dangerous cancers that may occur for different age groups of people. As a result, early identification of skin cancer has the potential to save millions of lives. In Traditional machine learning approaches, there are various drawbacks in detection and classification of skin lesions. As a result, to achieve the robust performance, initially the joint trilateral and bilateral filter (JTBF) with convolutional auto encoder and decoder (CAED)-based preprocessing method is used to enhance the skin lesion and also removes hair from lesions. Then, transfer learning-based probabilistic multi-layer dense networks (PMDN) method-based unmanned Transfer learning segmentation method is adapted for accurately detecting the cancer region on skin lesions. Further, transfer learning convolution neural network (TL-CNN) is used to extract the features from the segmented region, which extracts the detailed inter-disease-dependent (IDD) and intra-disease specific (IDS) features. Finally, Alexa Net model is trained and tested with the IDD, IDS features and classifies the eight different skin cancer types. The complexity of the transfer learning networks is optimized by the using the Adam optimizer. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed model resulted in superior segmentation, feature extraction, and classification performances as compared to conventional approaches. Further, the proposed method achieved 99.937% segmentation accuracy, 99.47% feature extraction accuracy, and 99.27% classification accuracy on ISIC-2019 public challenge dataset.
Multi-Stream Graph Convolutional Networks for Text Classification via Representative-Word Document Mining
Authors: Li Meng , Chen Shenyu , Yang Weifeng , Wang Qianying
Published: December 2022

Recently, graph convolutional networks (GCNs) for text classification have received considerable attention in natural language processing. However, most current methods just use original documents and words in the corpus to construct the topology of graph which may lose some effective information. In this paper, we propose a Multi-Stream Graph Convolutional Network (MS-GCN) for text classification via Representative-Word Document (RWD) mining, which is implemented in PyTorch. In the proposed method, we first introduce temporary labels and mine the RWDs which are treated as additional documents in the corpus. Then, we build a heterogeneous graph based on relations among a Group of RWDs (GRWDs), words and original documents. Furthermore, we construct the MS-GCN based on multiple heterogeneous graphs according to different GRWDs. Finally, we optimize our MS-GCN model through updated mechanism of GRWDs. We evaluate the proposed approach on six text classification datasets, 20NG, R8, R52, Ohsumed, MR and Pheme. Extensive experiments on these datasets show that our proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods for text classification.
Dynamic Convolution-based Encoder-Decoder Framework for Image Captioning in Hindi
Authors: Mishra Santosh Kumar , Sinha Sushant , Saha Sriparna , Bhattacharyya Pushpak
Published: December 2022

In sequence-to-sequence modeling tasks, such as image captioning, machine translation, and visual question answering, encoder-decoder architectures are state of the art. An encoder, convolutional neural network (CNN) encodes input images into fixed dimensional vector representation in the image captioning task, whereas a decoder, a recurrent neural network, performs language modeling and generates the target descriptions. Recent CNNs use the same operation over every pixel; however, all the image pixels are not equally important. To address this, the proposed method uses a dynamic convolution-based encoder for image encoding or feature extraction, Long-Short-Term-Memory as a decoder for language modeling, and X-Linear attention to make the system robust. Encoders, attentions, and decoders are important aspects of the image captioning task; therefore, we experiment with various encoders, decoders, and attention mechanisms. Most of the works for image captioning have been carried out for the English language in the existing literature. We propose a novel approach for caption generation from images in Hindi. Hindi, widely spoken in South Asia and India, is the fourth most-spoken language globally; it is India’s official language. The proposed method utilizes dynamic convolution operation on the encoder side to obtain a better image encoding quality. The Hindi image captioning dataset is manually created by translating the popular MSCOCO dataset from English to Hindi. In terms of BLEU scores, the performance of the proposed method is compared with other baselines, and the results obtained show that the proposed method outperforms different baselines. Manual human assessment in terms of adequacy and fluency of the captions generated further determines the efficacy of the proposed method in generating good-quality captions.
Sex differences in cardiovascular response to sepsis
Authors: Shields Corbin A. , Wang Xi , Cornelius Denise C.
Published: December 2022

Recently, there has been increased recognition of the importance of sex as a biological factor affecting disease and health. Many preclinical studies have suggested that males may experience a less favorable outcome in response to sepsis than females. The underlying mechanisms for these differences are still largely unknown but are thought to be related to the beneficial effects of estrogen. Furthermore, the immunosuppressive role of testosterone is also thought to contribute to the sex-dependent differences that are present in clinical sepsis. There are still significant knowledge gaps in this field. This mini-review will provide a brief overview of sex-dependent variables in relation to sepsis and the cardiovascular system. Preclinical animal models for sepsis research will also be discussed. The intent of this mini-review is to inspire interest for future considerations of sex-related variables in sepsis that should be addressed to increase our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in sepsis-induced cardiovascular dysfunction for the identification of therapeutic targets and improved sepsis management and treatment.
Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinases in the Hypothalamus, Pituitary, and Pineal Gland: An Overview
Authors: Cimini Vincenzo , Van Noorden Susan , Terlizzi Cristina , Altobelli Giovanna Giuseppina
Published: December 2022

We review the literature on the little-known roles of specific CaMKs in regulating endocrine functions of the pineal gland, the pituitary gland, and the hypothalamus. Melatonin activates hippocampal CaMKII, which then influences dendritogenesis. In the pituitary gland, the signal pathways activated by the CaMK in lower vertebrates, such as fishes, differ from those of mammals. In the teleost anterior pituitary, the activation of CaMKII induces the expression of somatolactin by glucagon b. In rats and humans, CaMKIVs have been associated with gonadotropes and thyrotropes and CaMKII with several types of human tumor cells and with a specific signaling pathway. Neuropeptides such as vasopressin and endothelin are also involved in the CaMKII signaling chain, as is the CaMKIIδ isoform which participates in generating the circadian rhythms of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. What arises from this review is that most of the hypothalamic CaMKs are involved in activities of the endocrine brain. Furthermore, among the CaMKs, type II occurs with the highest frequency followed by CaMKIV and CaMKI.
Periodontitis and Intra-Oral Plasmacytosis in a Noonan’s Syndrome Patient
Authors: Alqatami Hadeel , Said Khalid N. , Ammar Adham A. , Nazzal Hani
Published: December 2022

A 13-year-old female patient with Noonan’s syndrome, intra-oral periodontitis, and associated periodontal lesions is presented in this case report. The patient suffered early onset severe molar pattern periodontitis and recurrent intra-oral inflammatory lesions, pyogenic granuloma, and plasmacytosis, which were excised and controlled using a strict oral hygiene protocol based on long-term use of chlorhexidine-based products as auxiliary aid to regular home care and brushing.
NUDT1 Could Be a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltration in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lin Yongshuai , Zhang Facai , Jin Yinling , Zhong Quliang , Tan Weiwei , Liu Jinyang , Wu Zhiping
Published: December 2022

Background. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality. As a member of the Nudix hydrolase superfamily, Nudix (nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X)-type motif 1 (NUDT1) is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. Our study aims to explore the role of NUDT1 in ccRCC and its relationship with immune infiltration. Methods. The NUDT1 expression matrix and corresponding clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression difference of NUDT1 in ccRCC and its relationship with the clinical characteristics were investigated using R software. Kaplan–Meier (K–M) analysis, univariate Cox regression, multivariate Cox regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and nomogram were utilized to evaluate the survival and prognosis of patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were utilized to explore the function of differential genes in low- or high-expression group of NUDT1. TCGA dataset and Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database were utilized to explore the relationship between NUDT1 and immune infiltration. Finally, TCGA dataset was utilized for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Results. NUDT1 was not only overexpressed in ccRCC but also significantly correlated with clinicopathological features (

P
<
0.05

). K–M survival analysis showed that upregulated NUDT1 was closely related to the decrease of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in ccRCC patients. Multivariate Cox regression revealed that NUDT1 was a independent prognostic indicator (HR = 1.437, 95% CI: 1.065–1.939,

P
=
0.018

). The ROC curve showed that NUDT1 had a certain accuracy in predicting the outcome of ccRCC patiens. Furthermore, a total of 150 coexpressed genes and 1,886 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. GO/KEGG and GSEA results suggested that NUDT1 and its DEGs were involved in the immune-related pathways. NUDT1 expression was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of regulatory T cells (Tregs), CD8+ T cells, follicular helper T cells, and M0 macrophages. In addition, NUDT1 was positively related to immune checkpoints, such as PD-1, LAG3, CTLA4, and CD70, in ccRCC. Conclusion. NUDT1 plays a key role in the prognosis and immune cell infiltration of ccRCC patients, indicating its potential use as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
CT-Based Radiomics Can Predict the Efficacy of Anlotinib in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chen Jingyu , Wang Chuhuai , Qu Weinuo , Liu Fangfang , Zhou Zilin , Li Jiali , Hu Qiongjie , Xie Qingguo , Wang Jinlin , Chu Qian
Published: December 2022

Anlotinib is a small-molecule RTK inhibitor that has achieved certain results in further-line treatment, but many patients do not respond to this drug and lack effective methods for identification. Although radiomics has been widely used in lung cancer, very few studies have been conducted in the field of antiangiogenic drugs. This study aims to develop a new model to predict the efficacy of patients receiving anlotinib by combining pretreatment computed tomography (CT) radiomic characters with clinical characters, in order to assist precision medicine of pulmonary cancer. 254 patients from seven institutions were involved in the study. Lesions were selected according to the RECIST 1.1 criteria, and the corresponding radiomic features were obtained. We constructed prediction models based on clinical, NCE-CT, and CE-CT radiomic features, respectively, and evaluated the prediction performance of the models for training sets, internal validation sets, and external validation sets. In the RAD score only model, the area under curve(AUC) of the NCE-CT cohort was 0.740 (95% CI: 0.622, 0.857) for the training set, 0.711 (95% CI: 0.480, 0.942) for the internal validation set, and 0.633(95% CI: 0.479, 0.787) for the external validation set, while that of the CE-CT cohort was 0.815 (95% CI: 0.705, 0.926) for the training set, 0.771 (95% CI: 0.539, 1.000) for the internal validation set, and 0.701 (95% CI: 0.489, 0.913) for the external validation set. In the RAD score-combined model, the AUC of the NCE-CT cohort was 0.796 (95% CI: 0.691, 0.901) for the training set, 0.579 (95% CI: 0.309, 0.848) for the internal validation set, and 0.590 (95% CI: 0.427, 0.753) for the external validation set, while that of the CE-CT cohort was 0.902 (95% CI: 0.828, 0.977) for the training set, 0.865 (95% CI: 0.696, 1.000) for the internal validation set, and 0.837 (95% CI: 0.682, 0.992) for the external validation set. In conclusion, radiomics has accurate predictions for the efficacy of anlotinib. CE-CT-based radiomic models have the best predictive potential in predicting the efficacy of anlotinib, and model predictions become better when they are combined with clinical characteristics.
Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Animal Model of IgA Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chang Tian-ying , Wang Hong-an , Wang Yin-ping , Ma Jin-hui , Zou Di , Zhang Shou-Lin , Thabane Lehana
Published: December 2022

Objective. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history in the treatment of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). A large number of animal experiments focused on the TCM treatment of IgAN are conducted every year. The evidence for these preclinical studies is not clear. This study summarized and evaluated the results of animal experiments on TCM treatment for IgAN. Methods. We systematically searched animal studies from 6 databases from inception to August 30, 2022. We included Chinese studies from the key magazine of China technology. The quality of the included studies was evaluated with the SYRCLE animal experimental bias risk assessment tool and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results. Out of 832 records identified in the initial search, 30 studies were selected. The results indicated that, compared with the control group, the TCM treatment group improved 24 h urine protein (24 h-UP) level (standardized mean difference (SMD) 3.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.48 to 2.66,

P
<
0.001

), urine red blood cell (U-RBC) (SMD 13.66, 95% CI 17.99 to 9.32,

P
<
0.001

), serum creatinine (Scr) (mean difference (MD) 10.89, 95% CI 17.00 to 4.77,

P
<
0.001

), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (MD 2.44, 95% CI 3.42 to 1.47,

P
<
0.001

), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (MD 171.28 to 95% CI 323.68 to 18.88,

P
=
0.03

), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β) (SMD 4.02, 95% CI 7.26 to 0.77,

P
=
0.02

), matrix metalloproteinase-9/tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1(MMP-9/TIMP-1) (MD 0.03, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.06,

P
=
0.02

), nephrin mRNA (SMD 3.39, 95% CI 2.59 to 4.18,

P
<
0.001

). However, there is no difference in albumin level (MD 1.10, 95% CI 0.06 to 2.26,

P
=
0.06

) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (MD 170.77, 95% CI 365.3 to 23.75,

P
=
0.09

). Conclusions. TCM can improve 24 h-UP, U-RBC, Scr, BUN, MMP-9/TIMP-1, TNF-α, TGF-β, and nephrin mRNA of IgAN animal models. Moreover, there is a need for rigorous reporting of preclinical research methodology, which is essential to support the quality of preclinical research. Registration. This review was registered with a systematic review record CRD42020171404 in the PROSPERO database.
Phytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Nigella sativa Seeds on Wheat Seedlings
Authors: Elshazly Ezzat H. , Mohamed Abdel Kareem S. H. , Aboelmagd Hesham A. , Gouda Gamal A. , Abdallah Mohamed H. , Ewais Emad A. , Assiri Mohammed A. , Ali Gomaa A. M.
Published: December 2022

Recently, the green synthesis of nanomaterials has grown in popularity and has become one of the most used approaches. Plant extracts are safe for the environment and could be cost-effective for nanoparticle preparation. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been synthesized using aqueous extracts of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) seeds. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by using an X-ray diffractometer, a UV-visible spectrometer, and a transmission electron microscope. The phytotoxicity and genotoxicity of different AgNP concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μg·L−1) were evaluated by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed germination. The results showed that AgNPs did not significantly affect germination, while root and coleoptile lengths decreased considerably. On the contrary, the biomass of seedlings markedly increased in response to AgNP treatments. Moreover, genotoxicity was detected, especially at high concentrations of AgNPs. DNA, RNA, and total soluble proteins of wheat seedlings significantly decreased. In addition, antimicrobial activities of biosynthesized AgNPs were detected.
Efficacy and Incidence of Treatment-Related Adverse Events of Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists in Adults with Immune Thrombocytopenia: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Liu Yin , Zhang Han-Xi , Su Juan , Geng Qing-Chao , Lin Xin , Feng Chen-Xi
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The aim of the study was to conduct a network meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and incidence of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of eltrombopag, romiplostim, avatrombopag, recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO), and hetrombopag for adult immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the five therapies from inception to June 1, 2022, were included. The efficacy outcome was the rate of platelet response, defined as the achievement of platelet counts above 50 × 109/L. Pairwise odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) was used to rank the included therapies for each outcome. Results: In total, 1,360 participants were analyzed in 14 eligible RCTs. All of the therapies showed a significantly better platelet response than the placebo, and avatrombopag (OR, 7.42; 95% CI: 1.74–31.69) and rhTPO (OR, 3.86; 95% CI: 1.62–9.18) were better than eltrombopag. Regarding TRAEs, no significant differences were found between patients receiving eltrombopag, romiplostim, and avatrombopag. Avatrombopag carried the highest platelet response rate with SUCRA value of 87.5, and carried the least TRAEs risk with SUCRA value of 37.0. Conclusions: These findings indicated that avatrombopag appeared to be the optimal choice as the second-line therapy for adult ITP.
Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Winteraceae
Authors: Akemi-Borges Isabela , Pirani José Rubens
Published: December 2022

O estudo da família Winteraceae é parte do levantamento da Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Esta família está representada naquela área por uma só espécie, Drimys brasiliensis Miers. São apresentadas descrição, ilustrações e comentários sobre a sua variabilidade e distribuição geográfica.
Seguimento de crianças com diagnóstico de surdez em programa de triagem auditiva neonatal em Manaus
Authors: Botelho João Bosco Lopes , Carvalho Diego Monteiro de , Santos-Melo Giane Zupellari dos , Neto José Cardoso , Nascimento Samuel Machado do , Figueiredo Wenberger Lanza Daniel de , Lacerda Larissa Abreu , Nogueira Kristian Holanda
Published: December 2022

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o seguimento das crianças com diagnóstico de surdez na triagem auditiva neonatal e fatores de risco para deficiência auditiva. MÉTODOS: Estudo quantitativo, transversal e retrospectivo para avaliação de fatores associados à perda auditiva e o seguimento dos casos de crianças diagnosticadas com disfunção audiológica, por meio da análise de prontuários eletrônicos de 5.305 crianças encaminhadas a um Centro Especializado em Reabilitação Tipo I, no período de janeiro/2016 a fevereiro/2020, na cidade de Manaus, Amazonas. O estudo estatístico utilizou o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e por regressão logística binária nos quais foram obtidos odds ratio com intervalos de confiabilidade de 95%. RESULTADOS: Das 5.305 crianças encaminhadas para realização do reteste da orelhinha, 366 (6,9%) falharam no reteste. Prosseguiram no estudo as crianças com diagnóstico de perda auditiva neurossensorial, totalizando 265 (72,4%). Permanecendo, no final da pesquisa, apenas 58 (21,9%) crianças, destas 39 receberam aparelho auditivo até o presente estudo; e 16 (41%) já tinham indicação cirúrgica para implante coclear, sendo que apenas três (18,7%) haviam realizado a cirurgia. Dentre os fatores de risco para deficiência auditiva encontramos 2,6 vezes mais chance de falha no reteste da orelhinha naquelas crianças que tinham história familiar de perda auditiva e internação em UTI. CONCLUSÕES: Embora o fluxo de triagem alcance boa parte dos nascidos vivos, as taxas de evasão durante o processo são altas, portanto, as características socioeconômicas e geográficas de regiões como a Amazônia devem ser consideradas como fatores relevantes à evasão dos programas de reabilitação dessas crianças. Foi possível identificar que a internação em UTI neonatal e o histórico familiar de perda auditiva presentes nas investigações compõem os principais e mais importantes fatores para alteração dos retestes da orelhinha.
Bacterial vaginosis and cervical human papillomavirus infection in young and adult women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Martins Bruno César Teodoro , Guimarães Rafael Alves , Alves Rosane Ribeiro Figueiredo , Saddi Vera Aparecida
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection in young and adult women. METHOD: This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on the Prisma methodological guidelines. PubMed and Web of Science were searched using the following descriptors: “bacterial vaginosis and HPV”, in June 2019. Articles published from 2012 to 2019 were included. Inclusion criteria were original studies that investigated the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection; articles published in English, Spanish or Portuguese; studies conducted in young and adult, non-pregnant, non-HIV-infected women; studies that used the Nugent criteria for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis and studies in which the detection of HPV used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Assembled data, odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% CIs were estimated for the association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection using random-effects models. A bilateral value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULT: Six studies were selected for analysis and demonstrated association between bacterial vaginosis and cervical HPV infection (OR = 2.68; 95%CI: 1.64–4.40; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Bacterial vaginosis was considered a risk factor for cervical HPV infection, since women with bacterial vaginosis were more likely to be infected with HPV.
O hábito de beber e dirigir no Brasil: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013 e 2019
Authors: Ribeiro Lucas Sisinno , Damacena Giseli Nogueira , Souza Junior Paulo Roberto Borges de , Szwarcwald Célia Landmann
Published: December 2022

OBJETIVO: Investigar os fatores associados ao hábito de beber e dirigir, bem como estimar as variações nas prevalências desse comportamento entre os anos de 2013 e 2019, por meio das informações das duas edições da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS). MÉTODOS: A PNS é um estudo transversal, de âmbito nacional e base domiciliar. Nos anos de 2013 e 2019, foram entrevistados, respectivamente, 60.202 e 85.854 indivíduos. Para investigar a associação entre o indicador “beber e dirigir” e as variáveis do estudo, as razões de chances (RC) brutas e ajustadas foram estimadas por meio de modelos de regressão logística. Para a comparação das prevalências entre os anos estudados, foi utilizado o teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson ajustado pela correção de Rao-Scott (que leva em consideração o efeito do plano de amostragem) e convertido em uma estatística F, testada no nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: A prevalência do hábito de beber e dirigir foi maior entre os homens no ano de 2013 (27,4%; IC95% 25,6–29,3%) e no ano de 2019 (20,5%; IC95% 19,4–21,7%) do que entre as mulheres (11,9%; IC95% 9,9–14,2% e 7,2%; IC95% 6,7–9,0%, respectivamente). Estimativas significativamente mais altas foram apresentadas por pessoas de 30 anos a 39 anos, que vivem sem companheiro(a), residentes em áreas rurais e condutores de motocicleta. Maiores prevalências de beber e dirigir foram encontradas entre homens que possuem maior rendimento. Entre os anos de 2013 e 2019, foi observado um decréscimo significativo no ato de beber e dirigir. Quanto ao envolvimento em acidentes de trânsito, as RC foram significativas (p < 0,01) nos anos estudados em ambos os sexos. DISCUSSÃO: Os resultados mostram a necessidade de dar continuidade às políticas de fiscalização de alcoolemia e educação no trânsito, com ações específicas dirigidas às áreas rurais e aos condutores de motocicletas.
Violence in Quilombola women living in rural communities in Brazil
Authors: Luciano Thaís Verly , Cislaghi Beniamino , Miranda Raquel Barbosa , Dias Jerusa Araújo , Diaz-Bermudez Ximena Pamela , Miranda Angelica Espinosa
Published: December 2022

OBJETIVE: To estimate the prevalence of psychological, physical, and sexual violence perpetrated against women by their intimate partner (IP) in Quilombola communities located in Espírito Santo State, Brazil. METHODS: The data is from a population-based cross-sectional study of Quilombola women conducted from 2017 to 2018. In-person interviews collected information on women’s sociodemographic characteristics, behaviors, and their experience of violence perpetrated by their IP. The analysis used chi-square test and hierarchical logistic regression. RESULTS: 219 women (94.8% of the invited ones) agreed to participate in the study. 59.0% (95%CI: 5.25–65.5) reported psychological violence; 41% (95%CI: 34.5–47.5) physical violence; and 8.2% (95%CI: 4.6–11.8) sexual violence. Psychological violence was associated with having three or more sexual partners in life, when compared to those who had up to two partners (p = 0,009), and previous violence involving other people outside of family increased the chance of suffering psychological violence by an IP more than nine times (p ≤ 0.001). Regarding physical violence, the association with use of barrier contraception (p = 0.031) and having a partner with other sexual partners (p = 0.024) were protective factors for IP violence. Having 3 or more sexual partners in the last 12 months (p = 0.006), partner using illicit drugs (p = 0,006), and alcoholism in the family (p = 0,001), increased the chance of suffer physical violence by the partner. Sexual violence perpetrated by the IP was associated with miscarriage (p = 0.016), partner using drugs (p = 0.020), and gynecological symptoms (p = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS: These results showed the high frequency of intimate partner violence in Quilombola women and highlight the importance of reducing social and race inequities for interrupting the culture of violence against women.
Comparative study of morphology and keratin levels in hair from deer and goat
Authors: Sangeeta Patle  , Divya Bagchi  , K.P. Singh
Published: December 2022

Hair is a defining character of mammals. In the present study, the hair samples of Chital Axis axis, Sambar Deer Rusa unicolor, and goat Capra hircus were collected from the back, neck, abdomen and tail regions of carcasses brought to the forensic laboratory for necropsy examinations. Cross-sections of hair, cuticle scale, and medullary patterns were analyzed to establish indices for species identification. Keratin levels were also analyzed by protein electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). We determined that both microscopic and SDS-PAGE analysis of guard hair is useful for identifying species, particularly in forensic applications.
Photographic evidence of fish assemblage in artificial reef site of Palk Bay - an implication for marine resource management
Authors: Sadhukhan Koushik , T. Shanmugaraj  , Ramesh Chatragadda  , M.V. Ramana Murthy
Published: December 2022

In 2021, a reef restoration programme was introduced to the selected sites of Palk Bay to improve coral nurseries and assist with the establishment of artificial reefs by implementing local coral transplantation. To monitor the growth and survival of transplanted corals, numerous fish assemblages have been observed in restoration sites which are positive sign of reef recovery and also enrich marine resources in Palk Bay. Photographic evidence of the fish assemblages were collected during surveys and detailed observations have been discussed in the present paper.
An updated catalogue of true flies (Insecta: Diptera) from northern Pakistan
Authors: Fatima Noor , Yang Ding
Published: December 2022

We present the first comprehensive catalogue of true flies from the northernmost territories of Pakistan, including Azad Jammu & Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan. In the current inventory, 64 genera and 153 species in 16 families are being documented. The total number of known species has been updated based on the availability of taxonomic literatures from Pakistan. In 2007, Insect Fauna of Azad Jammu & Kashmir was updated and it lists only 16 known species in order Diptera where as there is no such documented information so far available on the dipterous fauna of Gilgit-Baltistan. However, during the last few decades, relatively a few studies have been conducted on some major group of flies, i.e., Syrphidae, Sepsidae, Calliphoridae, and Tephritidae from Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan. Among these, Syrphidae represents 53 species which is the highest number of species recorded, followed by Sepsidae and Calliphoridae with 20 and 18 species, respectively. The present diversity does not reflect the true species account in the northern areas; the important biogeographic area that exhibits a very heterogeneous fauna, not only because of the high mountains with valleys (the Hindu Kush and Karakoram ranges of the Western Himalayas) but also the junction points of the world’s two largest zoogeographical regions (the Oriental and Palaearctic). Some common families, i.e., Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Bombyliidae, Muscidae, Conopidae, Pipinculidae, Tachinidae, and some other families which are common in high mountainous regions of northern Pakistan still need to be explored in the future studies. The complete locality data for each valid species are presented as the baseline for future studies from northern areas of Pakistan, i.e., Azad Jammu & Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan.
A preliminary survey of moss flora of Chail Wildlife Sanctuary, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Sharma Meenal , Rao Anju , S.S. Kumar
Published: December 2022

The present study aims to account for the moss flora of Chail Wildlife Sanctuary, district Solan, Himachal Pradesh (HP). Frequent field visits were made in different seasons to collect moss samples. Ecological data like temperature, humidity, and habitat preferences were also recorded at the time of collection. A total of 31 moss species belonging to 22 genera and 15 families were recorded so far. The family Pottiaceae (7 spp.) was the most dominant one, followed by Brachytheciaceae (4 spp.), Polytrichaceae, Fissidentaceae, and Entodontaceae with (3 spp.) each. In the acrocarpous mosses, family Pottiaceae was highly dominant, whereas, among the pleurocarpous mosses family, Brachytheciaceae was dominant. Among the genera, Atrichum P. Beauv. (Acrocarpous), Fissidens Hedw. (Acrocarpous), and Entodon C. Muell. (Pluerocarpous) were dominantly present, represented by three species each. This study provides baseline data of moss diversity and their ecological attributes in Chail Wildlife Sanctuary, which may prove beneficial in establishing policies for future exploration of bryodiversity with proper management and conservation in the sanctuary area.
Species distribution modeling of a cucurbit Herpetospermum darjeelingense in Darjeeling Himalaya, India
Authors: Boral Debasruti , Saurav Moktan
Published: December 2022

Herpetospermum darjeelingense (C.B.Clarke) H. Schaef. & S.S. Renner is a rare cucurbit found in Darjeeling, Himalaya. It is known for its use as food and medicine with possible pharmaceutical applications. Here we assess the current and future habitat suitability of H. darjeelingense in the study area using MaxEnt modeling. In order to obtain accurate results for future models, the ensemble method was used. The current suitable habitat covers only 13% of the study area, while the future models for 2050 and 2070 show zero habitat suitability for the species. This strongly indicates a possible local extinction of the species indicating a need for rapid and decisive conservation efforts.
Is trade the reason for the unusual colour morph of Cobra from Goa? Response to Sawant et al.
Authors: Vyas Raju , Patel Harshil
Published: December 2022

Comments on Sawant et al. published a record of an unusual colour morph of the Indian Cobra, Naja naja (Linnaeus, 1758), based on a specimen rescued from Modelo wado, Assonora (15.618°N; 73.897°E), Goa, India. The record of this unusual colour morph and published images of the Indian Spectacle Cobra by Sawant et al. indicate that the specimen is not from Goa but elsewhere, most probably from states of northwestern India. This unusual colour morph cobra is not a case of higher melanism in that individual snake as quoted by Sawant et al., but it is a result of some illegal anthropogenic activities in the area.
HAK-IS: FROM A CLASS TO A TRADE UNION
Authors: TEMEL Kemal
Published: December 2022

In late industrialized countries, the principles of social differentiation have tended to be projected in divisions in trade unions. Trade unions in Turkey have been largely affected by the dynamics of the modernization adventure and the unique aspects of industrialization and proletarianization. In this process, divisions in trade unions have overlapped with social cleavages. The present study addresses the establishment and growth of the Turkish Confederation of Hak Isci Trade Unions (Turkiye Hak Isci Sendikalari Konfederasyonu; Hak-Is) relying on class differentiations. While the formation of the social structure underlying the idea of Hak-Is is discussed within the Bourdieuan theory of class, its establishment and organization processes are scrutinized within proletarianization and the design and change of industrial organization. Thus, it may be claimed that the formation of the confederation has been initiated by the class-cultural divisions that dominate Turkey’s social sphere rather than the culture and identity-based organizations considered grounds for classlessness claims. The rise of Hak-Is is discussed in relation to union practices that are all compatible with the conditions dictated by the new industrial regime. Finally, the paper focuses on the confederation’s struggle practices in industrial relations and the class consciousness of workers adopting a religious identity. In this regard, it may be asserted workers develop alternative resistance strategies apart from their collective class identities.
A New Identification of a Psalm Manuscript from Qumran: 4Q85 + 4Q98c
Authors: Longacre Drew , Strawn Brent A.
Published: December 2022

This brief note proposes a new identification for a fragment of one of the Psalm manuscripts from Qumran. On the basis of material conditions—but above all else, the distinctive paleography of the script—4Q98c (4QP st) should be considered as part of the same manuscript known as 4Q85 (4QP sc). If this identification is correct, the latter now contains material known from the second half of the (proto-)MT Psalter, increasing the plausibility that it once contained the entire book of Psalms.
Three Notes on Statius, Thebaid 5 (11-16; 20-23; 29-32)
Authors: Martínez Zepeda Baruch
Published: December 2022

This article aims to examine three textual problems in Statius’ Thebaid, book 5 (Hypsipyle’s narration of the massacre in Lemnos). These textual issues have been previously approached by different scholars without taking into account each other’s work. This paper conveys an overview and shows that some of these problems had already been clarified by ancient exegesis.
Description of Hemicycliophora geraerti n. sp. (Tylenchida: Hemicycliophoridae) associated with Prunus persica L. from China
Authors: Zhang Chenying , Munawar Maria , Castillo Pablo , Han Shaojie , Zheng Jingwu
Published: December 2022

Hemicycliophora species are migratory root ectoparasites of higher plants, commonly known as sheath nematodes. The present study describes a new species, Hemicycliophora geraerti n. sp., recovered from the rhizosphere of peach tree (Prunus persica) in Zhejiang Province, China. This species is characterised by a cuticular sheath loosely fitting to the body, a lip region slightly set-off with body contour bearing 3-4 annuli, oral plate narrow, ovate, and non-protruding, amphidial apertures plugged, dorsoventrally flanked in the first lip annulus, stylet 110 (103-116) μm long and flexible, excretory pore located 4-7 annuli posterior to the base of the pharyngeal bulb; vulval lips modified with a small vulval sleeve, anus located 16 (13-21) annuli posterior to vulva, tail elongated, having a narrowly rounded slightly offset spike. The molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analyses based on D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, and COI mtDNA gene indicated the unique status and support the novelty of this population of Hemicycliophora, therefore herein described as H. geraerti n. sp.
Comparative morphological and molecular analyses of Acrobeloides bodenheimeri and A. tricornis Cobb, 1924 (Rhabditida, Cephalobidae) from Tunisia
Authors: Bhat Aashaq Hussain , Loulou Ameni , Abolafia Joaquín , Machado Ricardo A.R. , Kallel Sadreddine
Published: December 2022

Four populations of Acrobeloides nematodes were isolated from Tunisian soils. Based on morphological and morphometric data, two populations, TC9 and HWO, were identified as A. tricornis and the other two, TC7 and K18g, as A. bodenheimeri. Acrobeloides tricornis is distinguished from its closely related species by its high labial probolae with arcuate termini, inconspicuous post-uterine sac, and five lateral incisures, while A. bodenheimeri is distinguished from other acrobeloids by having a low and rounded labial probolae, distinct post-uterine sac, five lateral incisures, and vulva frequently with vaginal plug. The A. tricornis and A. bodenheimeri reported in this study are distinguished by the shape of labial probolae (high with acute distal part vs low and rounded), post-uterine sac (inconspicuous vs distinct), position of the reproductive system with respect to the intestine (sinistral vs dextral), vulva with vaginal plug (present vs absent) and some morphometric characters (such as body length). Further, these species were also molecularly characterised using the sequences of the D2-D3 region of the 28S rRNA gene, the 18S rRNA gene, the ITS rRNA gene, and of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCO1) gene. Phylogenetic trees using ribosomal RNA gene sequences clearly separate species of the ‘Maximus’ group, but these sequences appear to be identical in several other Acrobeloides species, and thus are unlikely to be useful as molecular markers for species-level molecular identification in the genus Acrobeloides. The mtCO1 gene sequences of two A. tricornis populations differ in 58 and 64 nucleotide bases from A. varius and A. nanus, respectively, indicating that the mtCO1 gene sequences have greater phylogenetic resolving power than nuclear rRNA gene sequences, and that this gene marker can differentiate closely related species in the genus Acrobeloides.
The pharyngeal and genitalia-associated muscles of Rhabditolaimus ulmi (Nematoda: Chromodorea: Rhabditida: Diplogastridae)
Authors: Ryss Alexander , Polyanina Kristina S.
Published: December 2022

The copulatory organs and pharynx are important for nematode classification. This research aimed to study the musculature of the wood-inhabiting nematode, Rhabditolaimus ulmi, using confocal microscopy. The lip region is hexagonal with enlarged lateral lips; the pharynx is diplogastrid type with two bulbs. The corpus comprises the fused stegostoma, procorpus and metacorpus, with six glands opening in the stegostoma and the corpus limen. The stegostoma has a large dorsal bulge and the posterior bulb is devoid of valve, with two circles of dilators and a basal sphincter. The female genital muscles have a four-radial symmetry around the vaginal opening to the uterus. Two vaginal constrictors and four pairs of dilators of two types are connected to the vagina-uterus opening; four dilators run perpendicular to the uterus axis and are connected to the uterine muscular corset. The sphincter between the intestine and cloaca consists of the middle ring with two pairs of processes connected ventrally with intestinal fasciculi and dorsally with the body wall. The ring contains the inner biconical X-structure. In the male, the gubernaculum has the dorsal erector and a pair of transverse muscles. The wide gubernacular spicule protractor envelops spicules anteriorly. The ventral tail muscle is wide, unpaired, and nine pairs of serial diagonal muscles are located beneath the body wall muscles, followed by three pairs of postcloacal oblique muscles of the tail. Anal depressors comprise a pair of transverse muscles with expanded middle globular parts. The copulatory muscles are of the Rhabditidae and Cephalobidae type modified because of spicules elongation. The muscle characters code of the previously published tabular key for 15 muscle characters is 73422-22144-42223; it can be used for phylogenetic reconstructions.
A Public Convergence: Embracing the Congregation as a Place of Difference
Authors: Parker Dylan
Published: December 2022

Communitarians and public theologians alike tend to discuss the church’s identity as a clearly demarcated community separated from the world or public life, each defining publicness as something that is found outside the church. It is a more likely argument that publicness is already present in the congregation as a place of difference: it is possible for the particulars of the community to interact, engage, and mutually benefit the various social realms present in and through the congregants. This public identity renders engagement with the public an unavoidable reality and provides an opportunity for the congregation to become a fruitful space for the work of public theology by embracing this reality through the development of a public posture of openness, accessibility, and accountability, which would improve both the church’s internal ministry and its ministry in the world beyond its community.
Apologies for the Public Good: Towards a Taxonomy of Sorrow
Authors: Parker Stephen
Published: December 2022

Apologies are frequently called for today, and can make a valuable contribution to the public good. However, many so-called apologies are actually vague regret, blaming, placating, excusing or merely mourning. Given their importance, this article explores their nature and proposes a taxonomy of sorrow that elucidates the meaning of claims to apology. Simply saying ‘I am sorry’, or worse, adding ‘that you’, ‘if I’, ‘but’ or ‘that’ does not make an apology. Such a statement is only an apology when responsibility and regret are both offered, without excuse, such as the confessing ‘I am sorry that I …’. Given apologies can help heal victims, restore offenders, encourage forgiveness, repair relationships, and contribute to justice and peace-making efforts, the development of such a taxonomy to improve apologies is in the public interest.
A Case for Pentecostal Interculturality
Authors: Embudo Timenia Lora Angeline
Published: December 2022

Interculturality has been promulgated by many scholars from the 1970s onward due to world transformations such as postcolonialism, migration, and globalization. In the context of Southeast Asia, one of the ways this becomes obvious is through South-to-South mission, in which a sense of mutuality becomes the basis for intercultural partnerships. Such is the case for the Filipino Assemblies of God mission in Cambodia. Their development from cross-cultural to intercultural in their missionary endeavors can be traced through their history. The three areas of mutuality between Filipinos and Cambodians that emerged from a triangulation of their oral history, related literature, and secondary interview data are a mutual experience of socioeconomic struggle, shared acceptance of a spirit world, and the closeness of their ethnicity. Because of these areas of mutuality, Filipino AG missionaries have been able to share Christianity in a contextualized and culturally sensitive manner. These areas of mutuality also made them more relatable to Cambodians, enhancing long-term partnerships in the field.