bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sex difference in dopamine D1-D2 receptor complex expression and signaling affects depression- and anxiety-like behaviors
Authors: Hasbi Ahmed , Nguyen Tuan , Rahal Haneen , Manduca Joshua D. , Miksys Sharon , Tyndale Rachel F. , Madras Bertha K. , Perreault Melissa L. , George Susan R.
Published: February 2020

Depression and anxiety are more common among females than males and represent a leading cause of disease-related disability in women. Since the dopamine D1-D2 heteromer is involved in depression- and anxiety-like behavior, the possibility that the receptor complex may have a role in mediating sex differences in such behaviors and related biochemical signaling was explored.

In non-human primate caudate nucleus and in rat striatum, females expressed higher density of D1-D2 heteromer complexes and a greater number of D1-D2 expressing neurons compared to males. In rat, the sex difference in D1-D2 expression levels occurred even though D1 receptor expression was lower in female than in male with no difference in D2 receptor expression. In behavioral tests, female rats showed faster latency to depressive-like behavior and a greater susceptibility to the pro-depressive and anxiogenic-like effects of D1-D2 heteromer activation by low doses of SKF 83959, all of which were ameliorated by the selective heteromer disrupting peptide, TAT-D1. The sex difference observed in the anxiety test correlated with differences in low-frequency delta and theta oscillations in the nucleus accumbens. Analysis of signaling pathways revealed that the sex difference in D1-D2 heteromer expression led to differences in basal and heteromer-stimulated activities of two important signaling pathways, BDNF/TrkB and Akt/GSK3/β-catenin.

These results suggest that the higher D1-D2 heteromer expression in female may significantly increase predisposition to depressive-like and anxiety-like behavior in female animals.
The non-uniqueness of solution for initial value problem of impulsive differential equations involving higher order Katugampola fractional derivative
Authors: Zhang Xian-Min
Published: February 2020

In this paper we consider the initial value problem for some impulsive differential equations with higher order Katugampola fractional derivative (fractional order $q \in (1,2]$q∈(1,2]). The systems of impulsive higher order fractional differential equations can involve one or two kinds of impulses, and by analyzing the error between the approximate solution and exact solution it is found that these impulsive systems are equivalent to some integral equations with one or two undetermined constants correspondingly, which uncover the non-uniqueness of solution to these impulsive systems. Some numerical examples are offered to explain the obtained results.
Antibiotic resistance in patients with clinical features of healthcare-associated infections in an urban tertiary hospital in Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lakoh Sulaiman , Li Letian , Sevalie Stephen , Guo Xuejun , Adekanmbi Olukemi , Yang Guang , Adebayo Oladimeji , Yi Le , Coker Joshua M. , Wang Shuchao , Wang Tiecheng , Sun Weiyang , Habib Abdulrazaq G. , Klein Eili Y.
Published: February 2020

Background

Available data on antibiotic resistance in sub-Saharan Africa is limited despite its increasing threat to global public health. As there is no previous study on antibiotic resistance in patients with clinical features of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in Sierra Leone, research is needed to inform public health policies. Our study aimed to assess antibiotic resistance rates from isolates in the urine and sputum samples of patients with clinical features of HAIs.

Methodology

We conducted a cross-sectional study of adult inpatients aged ≥18 years at Connaught Hospital, an urban tertiary care hospital in Freetown between February and June 2018.

Results

Over the course of the study, we enrolled 164 patients. Risk factors for HAIs were previous antibiotic use (93.3%), comorbidities (58.5%) and age (≥65 years) (23.9%). Of the 164 samples, 89.6% were urine. Bacterial growth was recorded in 58.8% of cultured specimens; the type of specimen was an independent predictor of bacterial growth (p < 0.021). The most common isolates were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae; 29.2% and 19.0% in urine samples and 18.8% and 31.3% in sputum samples, respectively.

The overall resistance rates were 58% for all extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms, 13.4% for carbapenem-resistant non-lactose fermenting gram-negative bacilli, 8.7% for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) and 1.3% for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). There were no carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) isolates but all Staphylococcus aureus isolates were methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

Conclusion

We demonstrated a high prevalence rate of ESBL-producing organisms which are a significant burden at the main tertiary hospital in Sierra Leone. Urgent action is needed to strengthen microbiological diagnostic infrastructure, initiate surveillance on antibiotic resistance and develop and implement policy framework on antibiotic stewardship.
A revised short version of the compassionate love scale for humanity (CLS-H-SF): evidence from item response theory analyses and validity testing
Authors: Chiesi Francesca , Lau Chloe , Saklofske Donald H.
Published: February 2020

Background

Compassionate love is defined as awareness and understanding of one’s suffering, connecting with the distress, and being emotionally and cognitively moved to alleviate suffering. The Compassionate Love Scale for Humanity (CLS-H) was developed to measure compassion towards strangers who need help and/or are vulnerable. The present study aimed to develop an abbreviated version of the CLS-H using item response theory to provide a precise and non-redundant compassion measure for use in research and practice.

Methods

Undergraduate students (N = 790; 65.8% females) completed the CLS-H and other measures intended to establish external validity. Items for the short version were selected based on high amounts of information and taking into account the content coverage of the construct.

Results

The shortened scale consisted of 9 items and performed well in measuring a large spectrum of the underlying construct with acceptable reliability. In terms of validity, the previously observed pattern of correlations was confirmed demonstrating positive associations between compassionate love and measures of self-esteem, positive affect, and life satisfaction, as well as negative associations with negative affect and anxiety.

Conclusions

Using IRT, we obtained a brief, precise, and valid tool for assessing compassionate love.
Factors related to childbearing intentions among women: a cross-sectional study in health centers, Saveh, Iran
Authors: Araban Marzieh , Karimy Mahmood , Armoon Bahram , Zamani-Alavijeh Fereshteh
Published: February 2020

Background

One of the most important demographic challenges over the recent three decades in the world has been a significant fall in the fertility rate. This study aimed to investigate factors related to childbearing intentions among a sample of Iranian women.

Methods

A cross-sectional study of a sample of Iranian married women attending 8 centers in Saveh was conducted in 2015. A total of 483 married women 15–49 years old participated in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data about demographics, attitude, subjective norms, marital satisfaction, social support, hopefulness, and behavioral intentions of childbearing.

Results

Overall, 62% of women in the study intended to have children in the next 2 years. The group willing to have children had a higher score on attitude, subjective norms, hopefulness, perceived social support, and marital satisfaction compared to the group unwilling to have children. Also, the regression results revealed that the variables of age, literacy status, employment status, husband literacy, women and husband occupation status, attitude, subjective norms, hopefulness, perceived social support, and marital satisfaction were significant predicting factors for childbearing intention (P < 0.05).

Conclusions and recommendations

The findings highlighted the importance of psychological factors such as marital satisfaction and social support in the childbearing process. Thus, health system planners should pay more attention to these determinants of fertility intention.
Liver disease during and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adults: a single-center Egyptian experience
Authors: Abdelbary Haitham , Magdy Rasha , Moussa Mohammed , Abdelmoaty Inas
Published: February 2020

Background

Hepatic complications are a well-known cause of both early and late mortality and morbidity in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Early diagnosis and management of hepatic complications is important in order to commence appropriate therapy. Conditioning regimens, acute and chronic graft versus host disease, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, and infections among others represent major hepatic complications for the transplant recipient. We assessed liver function tests, viral markers, polymerase chain reaction, abdominal ultrasound, portal, and hepatic venous duplex in 88 patients underwent autologous and 102 patients underwent allogeneic transplant as well as liver biopsy in selected patients in this retrospective study and evaluated early and late hepatic complications and their impact on transplant outcome.

Results

The major cause of hepatic injury in allogeneic patients is the conditioning regimen (38.8%) followed by acute GVHD (14.7%), after day +100 chronic hepatic GVHD is the primary cause of liver injury which occurred in about 40% of allogeneic patients. In autologous patients, the first cause of hepatotoxicity is also conditioning regimen involving 27.9% of patients followed by flare of viral hepatitis in 7.9% and sepsis in 6.3% of cases. The prevalence of HCV, HBV, and CMV is 19%, 16%, and 8%, respectively.

Conclusion

In our study, conditioning regimens, acute and chronic hepatic GVHD are frequent causes of hepatic injury following allogeneic HSCT while conditioning regimens, flare of viral hepatitis, and sepsis represent the most common causes of hepatic injury following autologous HSCT.
Women Empowerment or Feminism: Facts and Myths about Feminization of Medical Education
Authors: Baig Lubna Ansari
Published: February 2020

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.2396

How to cite this:Baig LA. Women Empowerment or Feminism: Facts and Myths about Feminization of Medical Education. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):303-305. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.2396

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in improving quality of life in patients with different COPD stages
Authors: ILIE Adrian Cosmin , CRIŞAN Alexandru , HOGEA STANCA Patricia , TRĂILĂ Daniel
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Anxiety and depression are frequently associated conditions in COPD patients, and have also significant impact on their quality of life (QoL) and on the course of the disease. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an adjuvant, non-pharmacological method used in symptomatic COPD patients. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of COPD on QoL depending on disease severity, and to assess the supposedly positive effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) for COPD patients. Material and method. This research included patients with COPD GOLD stages II-IV undergoing bronchodilator therapy. QoL was assessed with the self-administered St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). PRP included 3-5 weekly physical training sessions for an average period of 12 weeks, but not less than 3 weeks. Results. The degree of QoL impairment was moderate in stage II (41.07) and severe in stages III (70.28) and IV (81.02). The most severe depression (score 26.6 vs 2.5 in healthy subjects) was also recorded in this group. After the patients underwent all PRP, QoL reassessment at 6 months revealed statistically significant improvements in all 3 groups (p <0.05). In the GOLD COPD stage II group the average reduction was -4.38 units, in the group GOLD COPD stage III -5.37 units, and in the GOLD COPD stage IV -6.75 units. The depression score correlated with the SGRQ score, both of them being higher in the severe stages of disease. BDI administered again 6 months after PRP revealed a significant improvement in average score in all groups, respectively a decrease of -2.17 units in the COPD II group, -2.03 units in the COPD III group and -1.88 units in group COPD IV B group. Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrate a favorable impact of PRP on improving COPD associated symptoms, depression, and QoL in all the 3 monitored COPD patient groups, with statistically significant and persistent positive results over time (6 months after completion of PRP). Key words: COPD, pulmonary rehabilitation program, Quality of life (QoL), depression,
Clinical-evolutive particularities and therapeutic-rehabilitative approach in the rare case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following an episode of viral meningitis of unknown etiology
Authors: ILUŢ Silvina , VACARAS Vitalie , RADU M. Roxana , BARAC I. Simina , MURESANU F. Dafin
Published: February 2020

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a disease mainly affecting children, however, adult cases have been also reported. The disease represents a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, with a monophasic evolution and mostly full recovery. Mortality is documented at only 2%, but there are risks of complications in the acute phase, mostly due to the vast number of lesions and their distribution in the cerebrum. We present the case of a 40 year-old female patient who presented with visual impairment, coordination issues with walking difficulties, hypoesthesia of the entire body, back and upper limbs paresthesia, upper limbs and torso tremor as well as speech impairment. Symptoms appeared on the same day after discharge from the Infectious Disease Hospital where she was treated for viral meningitis. MRI findings on admission described multiple demyelinating lesions located bilaterally in the white matter and in the cervical spine. The patient was started on high dose parenteral methylprednisolone 1g/day for 5 days and afterwards was switched to oral corticoids with dose tapering over a period of 40 days. Rehabilitation treatment was started during hospitalization and continued after discharge. Evolution was favorable, with almost complete recovery, the patient presenting with only minor hypoesthesia of the torso at discharge. Key words: acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, ADEM, meningitis, rehabilitation,
Therapeutic difficulties in vegetative epileptic seizures as a sign of acute viral encephalitis: case presentation
Authors: ILUŢ Silvina , NISTOR Cristina , NEMES Bianca , DUDEA M. Sorin
Published: February 2020

Acute encephalitis is a severe pathology represented by the inflammation of the brain parenchyma associated with neurological dysfunction. The etiology is predominantly viral or autoimmune, with different therapeutic approach. The typical manifestations include fever, epileptic seizures and neurological focal signs. The treatment consists in specific drug therapies regarding the etiology and rehabilitation therapies in case of incomplete recovery.
We present a case of a 43-year-old woman with occipital cephalalgia and dizziness, associated with vesperal high blood pressure levels at the same hour daily. The brain MRI described possible acute encephalitis, with FLAIR and T2 hypersignal area on right parietal region and diffusion restriction. The lumbar puncture revealed no modifications and the EEG recordings showed irritative patterns. The acyclovir intravenous treatment and an antiepileptic drug were initiated. The repeated MRI revealed laminar necrosis which explained the vegetative epileptic seizures manifested with high blood pressure. The clinical status of the patient majorly improved due to specific treatment including rehabilitation interventions.

Key words: acute viral encephalitis, vegetative epileptic seizures, laminar necrosis, cephalalgia, rehabilitation,
Cardiovascular surgery complication and the benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in preventing COPD exacerbation
Authors: STANCIU Ionut , DOCU AXELERAD Any , APETREI CORDUNEANU Otilia , DANTES Elena
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the burden of the disease is constantly increasing. Although COPD is primarily characterized by the presence of airflow obstruction, in many patients, it is associated with systemic manifestations that can result in impaired functional capacity, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) consists of a multidisciplinary and comprehensive non-pharmacological intervention that is designed to improve health status in COPD patients, along with pharmacologic treatment. PR has also been shown to improve the diaphragmatic mobility in patients with different conditions that affect the diaphragm. The aim of the paper is to describe the clinical and functional features of a COPD patient with unilateral paralysis of the phrenic nerve and the role of PR as a major component of the case management. Material and method. This paper presents the case of a 66-year-old patient, diagnosed with COPD Gold stage III, which suffered a surgical intervention for an aorta aneurysm and later complicated with phrenic nerve injury and left diaphragmatic paralysis. This condition worsened the respiratory functional status and the patient needed a tailored treatment. Results and discussions. The treatment included besides inhaled dual long acting bronchodilator and corticoid therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation with complex methods, consisting in training of the respiratory musculature and techniques of bronchial drainage using devices with positive inspiratory and expiratory pressure, with good clinical and functional outcomes. A PR program should be included into a personalized management plan, along with pharmacological therapy. Conclusion. Although there is no standard treatment for COPD associated with unilateral paralysis of the phrenic nerve, it is important to diagnose these conditions promptly, and to recommend the adequate pharmacological treatment for controlling the symptoms along with a personalized complex respiratory rehabilitation program, in order to increase functional status and quality of life.
Key words: respiratory rehabilitation, COPD, phrenic nerve paralysis
Satisfaction of Generations X and Baby Boomers with tourist services in resorts from the Subcarpathians of Oltenia, in line with sustainable tourism destination development
Authors: TRUȚESCU Marius-Nicolae
Published: February 2020

Introduction. In the context of sustainable tourism development, tourist satisfaction looked at from the perspective of the experience lived in the destination and the quality of services rendered by service providers is one of the directions in which researchers point their attention. In this context, the purpose of this study is to measure the satisfaction of Generations X (GX) and Baby Boomers (GBB) with tourist services in balneal resorts, seen through the perspective of the sustainable development of tourism destinations. Material and method. Methodology consisted in the survey method, by applying the semi-structured questionnaire tool on a sample of tourists visiting the balneal resorts in the Subcarpathians of Oltenia between July and October 2019. Results and discussions. The results show that satisfaction with the access to and inside the destination is good, but the infrastructure requires modernization. Satisfaction with tourist services is good, but it requires the improvement of recreational facilities and treatment services, especially for the members of Generation X. As far as accommodation services are concerned, even though they received the most positive feedback, the vast majority of facilities have medium level classification. Direct or indirect interaction with locals, hotel staff, and local authorities is valued as good towards very good. On the whole, it is necessary to increase satisfaction for GX and GBB tourists, as this will bring greater benefits for all interested parties: hotel owners and staff, tourists, local authorities, and even the local community, who can become more actively involved in the tourist market. Conclusions. This study is useful for local authorities in order to develop sustainable tourism, and for economic agents in obtaining the projected benefits. Key words: tourist satisfaction, generational cohorts, Subcarpathians of Oltenia, sustainable tourism, balneal services.,
Neuromuscular electrostimulation as an adjuvant therapy to pulmonary rehabilitation programs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: TRĂILĂ Daniel , PESCARU Camelia , SUPPINI POROJAN Noemi , MIHUTA Camil , HOGEA Patricia , CRIŞAN Alexandru , CIUMARNEAN Lorena , MARC Monica
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly associated with a vicious circle of sedentary lifestyle - deconditioning - muscular dysfunction. High-frequency neuromuscular electrostimulation has demonstrated beneficial effects among subjects with muscle weakness. This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of merging pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) with neuromuscular electrostimulation in patients with very severe COPD. Material and methods. The study included 38 males with clinically stable COPD, who were divided in 2 groups: group A-19 patients that underwent a PRP of 5 sessions/week for 4 weeks and group B-19 patients that underwent intercostal and lower extremity muscle electrostimulation (5 sessions/week for 4 weeks, 60 min /session) in association with the same type of PRP. Saint Georges’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, spirometry, maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) and maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax), six minutes walking test (6MWT) and bio-electrical impedance were examined before and after the intervention. Results. Electrostimulation applied in group B increased muscle mass (50.15 ± 0.61kg vs 53.97 ± 0.87kg, p<0.001)., PEmax (5.41 ± 0.25 vs post 6.79 ± 0.22, p<0.0003) and improved mMRC score (2.68 ± 0.15 vs 2.10 ± 0.15, p<0.0109), 6MWT (369.6 ± 10.77m vs post: 445.6 ± 6.03 m) and SGRQ (61.32 ± 1.83 vs. 44.95 ± 1.94, p<0.0001). In group B only SGRQ score (55.05 ± 1.32 vs. 50.05 ± 1.51, p=0.018) was improved after PRP. Conclusion. A protocol which combines PRP with neuromuscular electrical stimulation in patients with very severe forms of COPD, has grater beneficial effect on dyspnoea, exercise tolerance, muscle mass toning and quality of life, compared with PRP alone.
Clad in mourning: psychoanalysis and race in contemporary America
Authors: McIvor David W.
Published: February 2020

What is the value of psychoanalysis for the theorising of race in our contemporary moment? This article explores this question by engaging with theories of Afropessimism, which criticise the therapeutic ethic that traverses the wide variety of psychoanalytic approaches. Afropessimists accuse psychoanalysis of perpetuating a racialised partition in the social order complicit with ‘anti-Blackness’. While stopping short of these conclusions, I argue that psychoanalysts and social theorists need to countenance the possibilities that even their ‘race-conscious’ work might carry assumptions that are ‘anti-Black’. In doing so I will argue that attempts to mourn the traumas and losses associated with race have to find ways to account for the structural positioning of particular racialised bodies.
Market versus government failures under risk and under uncertainty
Authors: Ciccarone Giuseppe
Published: February 2020

Well-established results in the mainstream theory of economic policy show that under assessable risk and asymmetric information, selfish policymakers generate inefficiencies that are generally more harmful than market ones. Market failures are hence an insufficient condition to justify
government activism. This conclusion motivates the article’s attempt to understand whether the same conclusion applies under fundamental uncertainty, where selfish policymakers cannot be conceived as maximising inter-temporal expected utility (or any other objective function) calculated
by the use of objective probability distributions. After summarising the traditional literature, I stress the difficulty of employing the notion of Pareto optimality in this environment. I then argue that group decision-making and mutual monitoring support Forte’s
(1967) and Demsetz’s (1969) early claims that no superiority of one institution (market versus government) over the other can a priori be established. The conclusion that the government cannot generally improve on market
outcomes does not hence apply.
Fiber laser spot welding of molybdenum alloy in a hyperbaric environment
Authors: Long Jian , Zhang Lin-Jie , Zhang Liang-Liang , Ning Jie , Yin Xian-Qing , Zhang Jian-Xun , Na Suck-Joo
Published: February 2020

The effect of the growth of ambient pressures on the penetration of laser welded molybdenum (Mo) alloy was explored. It was found that when ambient pressure rose from 0.1 MPa to 1.8 MPa, the penetration of base metal (BM) was significantly reduced, which was only 17% of that obtained under ambient pressure of 0.1 MPa. Moreover, the mechanism underlying the significant reduction of the penetration of BM was analyzed. At first, by using a high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM), the size and the number of nano-sized metallic particles generated during laser welding under different ambient pressures were surveyed. Furthermore, the scattering and absorption of the nano-sized metallic particles for laser energy under different ambient pressures were investigated; afterwards, by applying a high-speed camera and a spectrometer, the transient behaviors and spectral signals of plasmas during fiber laser spot welding under different ambient pressures were monitored. On this basis, the inverse bremsstrahlung absorption of plasmas for laser energy under different ambient pressures was explored; finally, fiber laser spot welding test was carried out on glass/metal composite samples under different ambient pressures to survey the influence of the change of ambient pressure on dynamic behaviors of the molten pool during the welding.
4π-spherically focused electromagnetic wave: diffraction optics approach and high-power limits
Authors: Jeong Tae Moon , Bulanov Sergei Vladimirovich , Sasorov Pavel Vasilievich , Bulanov Stepan Sergeevich , Koga James Kevin , Korn Georg
Published: February 2020

The focused field and its intensity distribution achieved by the 4π-spherical focusing scheme are investigated within the framework of diffraction optics. Generalized mathematical formulas describing the spatial distributions of the focused electric and magnetic fields are derived for the transverse magnetic and transverse electric mode electromagnetic waves with and without the orbital angular momentum attribute. The mathematical formula obtained shows no singularity in the field in the focal region and satisfies the finite field strength and electromagnetic energy conditions. The 4π-spherical focusing of the transverse magnetic mode electromagnetic wave provides the highest field strength at the focus and the peak intensity reaches 1026 W/cm2 for the laser power of 100 PW at 800 nm wavelength. As an example of using the mathematical formula, the electron-positron pair production via the Schwinger mechanism is analyzed and compared with previous results.
Recuperação ambiental das áreas de extração de bentonita na região de Boa Vista/PB
Authors: Silva Gerson Ferreira
Published: February 2020

A ocorrência de argila bentonítica cálcica, comumente conhecida como bentonita, está concentrada no estado da Paraíba nas cidades de Cubati e principalmente em Boa Vista, onde apresenta o maior volume de reserva e exploração de argila nobre como a verde, chocolate e chocobofe. Tendo seu uso na indústria de pelotização, fundição, perfuração de poços, até areia para gatos. Localmente, as jazidas situam-se em áreas planas, apresentando inversão na morfologia do relevo, quando, em função das profundidades das cavas. A recuperação da área com o uso de material orgânico, tem como objetivo o retorno do sítio degradado a uma forma de utilização, de acordo com um plano pré-estabelecido para uso de solo, visando a obtenção de estabilidade do meio ambiente. Reconstituindo as cavas mineradas, através da deposição do material oriundo do capeamento, e principalmente pela recomposição florística local, com utilização de espécies nativas.
A comparison between the properties of low and medium molecular weight phenol formaldehyde resin-treated laminated compreg oil palm wood
Authors: Aizat G. , Zaidon A. , Lee S. H. , Edi S. B. , Paiman B.
Published: February 2020

In order to improve the inherently poor properties of oil palm wood (OPW), this study examines the effects of resin molecular weight, diffusion time and compression ratio on the properties of laminated compreg OPW. Treating solutions used were medium molecular weight phenol
formaldehyde (MmwPF) and low molecular weight phenol formaldehyde (LmwPF). OPW strips were soaked in the treating solutions for 24 h before wrapping in a plastic bag and leaving them for diffusion for 2, 4 and 6 days, respectively. Then, three-layer laminated compreg OPW were fabricated
and compressed in hot press at 150°C for 20 minutes to achieve compression ratios of 55%, 70% and 80%. Results indicated that dimensional stability and mechanical properties of the phenolic resin treated laminated compreg OPW were significantly better than the untreated laminates.
MmwPF-treated laminates exhibited inferior properties in comparison to that of LmwPF-treated laminates. Nevertheless, MmwPF-treated laminated compreg OPW emitted significantly lesser formaldehyde.
Irreducible holonomy groups and first integrals for holomorphic foliations
Authors: León Victor , Martelo Mitchael , Scárdua Bruno
Published: February 2020

We study groups of germs of complex diffeomorphisms having a
property called irreducibility. The notion is motivated by the
similar property of the fundamental group of the complement of an
irreducible hypersurface in the complex projective space. Natural
examples of such groups of germ maps are given by holonomy groups
and monodromy groups of integrable systems (foliations) under
certain conditions. We prove some finiteness results for these
groups extending previous results in [D. Cerveau and F. Loray,
Un théorème de Frobenius singulier via l’arithmétique élémentaire,
J. Number Theory 68 1998, 2, 217–228].
Applications are given to the framework of germs of holomorphic
foliations. We prove the existence of first integrals under certain
irreducibility or more general conditions on the tangent cone of
the foliation after a punctual blow-up.
Classification of indecomposable involutive set-theoretic solutions to the Yang–Baxter equation
Authors: Rump Wolfgang
Published: February 2020

Using the theory of cycle sets and braces,
non-degenerate indecomposable
involutive set-theoretic solutions to the Yang–Baxter equation are classified
in terms of their universal coverings and their fundamental group. The
universal
coverings are characterized as braces with an adjoint orbit generating the
additive group. Using this description, all coverings of non-degenerate
indecomposable cycle sets are classified. The method is illustrated by
examples.
Alexandroff topologies and monoid actions
Authors: Chiaselotti Giampiero , Infusino Federico G.
Published: February 2020

Given a monoid S acting (on the left) on a set X, all the subsets of X which are invariant with respect to such an action constitute the family of the closed subsets of an Alexandroff topology on X.
Conversely, we prove that any Alexandroff topology may be obtained through a monoid action.
Based on such a link between monoid actions and Alexandroff topologies, we firstly establish several topological properties for Alexandroff spaces bearing in mind specific examples of monoid actions.
Secondly, given an Alexandroff space X with associated topological closure operator σ, we introduce a specific notion of dependence on union of subsets.
Then, in relation to such a dependence, we study the family

𝒜

σ
,
X

{\mathcal{A}_{\sigma,X}}

of the closed subsets Y of X such that, for any

y
1

,

y
2

∈
Y

{y_{1},y_{2}\in Y}

, there exists a third element

y
∈
Y

{y\in Y}

whose closure contains both

y
1

{y_{1}}

and

y
2

{y_{2}}

.
More in detail, relying on some specific properties of the maximal members of the family

𝒜

σ
,
X

{\mathcal{A}_{\sigma,X}}

, we provide a decomposition theorem regarding an Alexandroff space as the union (not necessarily disjoint) of a pair of closed subsets characterized by such a dependence.
Finally, we refine the study of the aforementioned decomposition through a descending chain of closed subsets of X of which we give some examples taken from specific monoid actions.
A Bayesian inference for the penalized spline joint models of longitudinal and time-to-event data: A prior sensitivity analysis
Authors: Thi Thu Pham Huong , Pham Hoa , Nur Darfiana
Published: February 2020

Bayesian approaches have been used in the literature to estimate the parameters for joint models of longitudinal and time-to-event data. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of prior distributions on estimating parameters in a proposed fully Bayesian analysis setting for the penalized spline joint models. To achieve this aim, the joint posterior distribution of parameters in survival and longitudinal submodels is presented. The Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is then proposed, which consists of the Gibbs sampler (GS) and Metropolis Hastings (MH) algorithms to sample for the target conditional posterior distributions. The prior sensitivity analysis for the baseline hazard rate and association parameters is performed through simulation studies and a case study.
The synthesis and crystal structure of 5-amino-1-(2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4-((trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide–tetrahydrofuran (1/1), C16H14N4Cl2F6O3S
Authors: Chen Lianqing , Yang Gengtao , Wu Zhongda
Published: February 2020

C16H14N4Cl2F6O3S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.927(3) Å, b = 13.542(3) Å, c = 15.744(4) Å, β = 107.360(4)°, V = 2223.6(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0480, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1471, T = 294.15 K.
The crystal structure of 2-p-fluorophenyl-5-dihydroxymethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, C9H7FN2O3
Authors: Zhao Yong-Li , Ma Lan-Lan , Liu Xue-Di , Sui Yi , Chai Hui-Fang
Published: February 2020

C9H7FN2O3, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 14.467(3) Å, b = 7.4629(14) Å, c = 8.9512(18) Å, α = 90°, β = 104.759(4)°, γ = 90°, V = 934.5(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0421, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1173, T = 273 K.
Musement: The activity of the brain’s default mode network
Authors: Duarte Antonio
Published: February 2020

The main purpose of this article is to identify the inner human activity Peirce calls musement with the mental processes that arise through the workings of the brain’s default mode network. This network is a specific, recently anatomically defined brain system, which is most active when individuals are not focused on the external environment. In doing so, musement, which was defined by Peirce over a hundred years ago, will finally be situated within what today we understand as its neurobiological origin.
San Francisco's New Deal Murals in Long-Term Perspective
Authors: Cherny Robert W.
Published: February 2020

The federal art programs of the New Deal produced public art in quantities not seen before or since. Historians have studied many aspects of the New Deal's art programs, but few have considered the long-term history of works produced by them. New Deal art programs produced large numbers of public murals—so many that such murals are often thought of as the typical form of New Deal art. They thus provide readily available examples of the long-term experience of New Deal art. San Francisco has a particularly rich collection of these murals. Some of them have been well cared for over the past eight decades, but public officials have proved negligent stewards—and occasionally destructive stewards—of others. Some of San Francisco's murals were considered so controversial at the time they were created that they were modified or even destroyed. Others became controversial later, with calls for modification or destruction. Some of the latter were covered, some were vandalized, and some have deteriorated. Most of the damaged murals have been restored, sometimes more than once. This article looks at the city's New Deal murals at Coit Tower, the Mothers Building at the Zoo, the Beach Chalet, the University of California San Francisco, the Alemany Health Center, Treasure Island/City College, and Rincon Annex/Center, with special attention to the George Washington High School murals that have recently been highly controversial. Controversies over the murals at Coit Tower, Rincon Annex, and George Washington High School also reveal significant changes in the role of the city's political and civic leadership with regard to public art.
The “Lost Cause” Goes West
Authors: Waite Kevin
Published: February 2020

California once housed over a dozen monuments, memorials, and place-names honoring the Confederacy, far more than any other state beyond the South. The list included schools and trees named for Robert E. Lee, mountaintops and highways for Jefferson Davis, and large memorials to Confederate soldiers in Hollywood and Orange County. Many of the monuments have been removed or renamed in the recent national reckoning with Confederate iconography. But for much of the twentieth century and into the twenty-first, they stood as totems to the “Lost Cause” in the American West. Despite a vast literature on the origins, evolution, and enduring influence of the Lost Cause myth, little is known about how this ideology impacted the political culture and physical space of the American West. This article explores the commemorative landscape of California to explain why a free state, far beyond the major military theaters of the Civil War, gave rise to such a vibrant Confederate culture in the twentieth century. California chapters of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC) carried out much of this commemorative work. They emerged in California shortly after the organization's founding in Tennessee in 1894 and, over the course of a century, emblazoned the Western map with salutes to a slaveholding rebellion. In the process, the UDC and other Confederate organizations triggered a continental struggle over Civil War memory that continues to this day.
Identification of Suppressors oftop-2Embryonic Lethality inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Bhandari Nirajan , Rourke Christine , Wilmoth Thomas , Bheemreddy Alekya , Schulman David , Collins Dina , Smith Harold E , Golden Andy , Jaramillo-Lambert Aimee
Published: February 2020

Topoisomerase II is an enzyme with important roles in chromosome biology. This enzyme relieves supercoiling and DNA and RNA entanglements generated during mitosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that Topoisomerase II is also involved in the segregation of homologous chromosomes during the first meiotic division. However, the function and regulation of Topoisomerase II in meiosis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we conducted a genetic suppressor screen in Caenorhabditis elegans to identify putative genes that interact with topoisomerase II during meiosis. Using a temperature-sensitive allele of topoisomerase II, top-2(it7ts), we identified eleven suppressors of top-2-induced embryonic lethality. We used whole-genome sequencing and a combination of RNAi and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to identify and validate the responsible suppressor mutations. We found both recessive and dominant suppressing mutations that include one intragenic and 10 extragenic loci. The extragenic suppressors consist of a known Topoisomerase II-interacting protein and two novel interactors. We anticipate that further analysis of these suppressing mutations will provide new insights into the function of Topoisomerase II during meiosis.
SACRED AREAS OF SOUTHEAST OF KYIV-PODIL (XI–XIII CENTURIES)
Authors: Sahaidak Mykhailo , Ivakin Vsevolod , Taranenko Serhiy , Пефтіць Дмитро
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to sacred areas located in the south-eastern part of Old-Rus Podil district. This area has remained poorly investigated for a long time compared to other areas of this OldKyiv region. Archaeological researches of period 2007–2015 greatly expanded our understanding of the south-eastern part of old Podil. In this paper, we tried to reconstruct the sacred loci of this territory.In the tenth century, Kyiv consisted of a populated town – a large coastal area – Podil and of small sacral-administrative part – Detinets on Zamkova Hill and the necropolis on the Old Kyiv Hill. Due to active development of a new city in the days of the reign of Vladimir son of Svyatoslav and his son Yaroslav the Wise, inhabitants of Podil, now Christians, have had to look for another place to bury their dead. They were forced to look for areas in the territory without mass urban development.Henceforth cemeteries are beginning to play a significant role in shaping the structure of the medieval town of Kyiv-Podil. Several cemeteries were located at the extreme points of the settlement area, which, due to waterlogging and flood threats were unsuitable for life. It was proposed to use the term to define such cemeteries in the structure of ancient Podil – “outlying cemeteries”. Three of these cemeteries and one single burial excavated in the south-eastern part of ancient Podil. Cemeteries found on the Naberezhno-Khreschatytska, 1-а str. and Naberezhno-Khreschatytska, 9 str. belong to the earliest Podol burial grounds, their active functioning on the XI century.The cemetery opened in 2015 at the Postal Square and burial of women (Petra Sagaydachnogo str., 6-в ) belong to another chronological period. They date back to the XII – the first half of the XIII century. Recent studies have shown that a sufficiently large area in the south-eastern outskirts of Old-Rus Podil were unsuitable for settlement and so they are often used for a cemetery.
“NATIONAL HISTORIES” OF MULTIETHNIC CITIES OF THE SOUTHERN UKRAINIAN FRONTIER AT THE IMPERIAL PERIOD
Authors: Konstantinova Victoriya
Published: February 2020

The author "analyzes both the practice of writing "national histories" of cities in southern Ukraine, when the past of a particular locality is viewed from the perspective of a particular ethnic group and the attempt to overcome the limitations caused by this approach. The author notes that in the historiography of the late twentieth - early twentieth centuries. There is a tendency to increase the attention to the history of individual ethnic groups in the "urban space" of the region, to study the contribution of one or another ethnic community to the development of an individual city. It is stated that the thesis about poly-ethnicity and even multi-ethnicity of the "urban space" of Southern Ukraine has become textbook and is applied by almost all researchers of the urban history of the region. However, this does not mean that each of these researchers views the South as a frontier and the southern cities as "outposts" on it. This does not mean, however, that scientists are unanimous in their perception of the cities of the South as "melting pots", which offset the national features of the townspeople, replacing them with other identities.The author emphasizes that while in many cases the creation of "national histories" a particular southern Ukrainian city is considered unique (and often without proper correlation of this uniqueness with the situation in other cities), there is an increasing number of studies in which the development of a particular city (and accordingly its particular ethnic community) is viewed from the perspective of the overall urbanization process. It is noted that the approach to the past of Southern Ukraine as to the history of the Steppe Border, the frontier, which is to a large extent development and transfer to the local soil of FD Turner's ideas, is becoming more widespread. This approach is guided by the editorial board of the almanack "Frontier Cities", which places the spotlight on the city of the steppe space of Eastern Europe as a complex ethnocultural cross-border. It is conceptually important that the magazine is not limited to the coverage of the "fringe" of one city, thus placing the history of Southern Ukraine in a wider context. The international interdisciplinary project "Black Sea and it's port cities, 1774-1914, was an exemplary example of the application of such a concept in the South Ukrainian territories. Development, Convergence and Relations with the World Economy"
Importancia de la formación en procesos de aplicación de política pública para emprendimientos solidarios
Authors: Alzate Cárdenas Martha del Socorro , Arboleda Alvarez Olga Lucia
Published: February 2020

Este artículo realiza una reflexión sobre la importancia de la formación en procesos de aplicación de política pública para emprendimientos solidarios, a la luz de organizaciones democráticas, autogestionarias, humanitarias y sin ánimo de lucro. El proceso de construcción del artículo tuvo en cuenta aspectos de la política pública de economía solidaria iniciada en Medellín a partir del 2011 articulados a los procesos de formación. Se apoyó en algunos testimonios de beneficiarios, operadores y funcionarios de la administración municipal que han tenido una relación directa con dicha política pública, además de entrevistas con expertos del tema de algunos países de Latinoamérica. Las personas consultadas coinciden en la necesidad de replantear la formación, antes de aplicarse en otras regiones de Colombia.
Comparation: Learning Results Engineering Mechanics Using Conventional Learning Model and Learning Cycle in Vocational High School
Authors: PURNOMO Purnomo , - Tuwoso , ROMLİE Maftuchin , DİKA Johan
Published: February 2020

Vocational high school aims to develop the students’ competence of job career that must appropriate with the necessary of company. Therefore, required a program of teaching strategy in order to obtain better result of learning process. The purpose of this study was to know the learning different result from mechanics learning using conventional learning and learning cycle in vocational high school. The method used in this study is comparative quantitative, by using the simple random sampling, sample that used in this study is the students of mechanics program from vocational high school. Testing-T used to know the learning different result from two different learning models. The result of this study shows that learning process in mechanics program of vocational high school using learning cycle is more effective than conventional method. This learning model would be effective to develop scientific abilities, explore material, find concepts and apply these concepts to the other problems, thus the learning results by using this model was increase.