bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL “CRIMINAL LAW RELATIONS AND CRIMINOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF INSTITUTIONS AND BODIES OF THE PENAL ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM”
Authors: Korobkin Alexey , Peremolotova Lilianna
Published: October 2024

In the article, the authors refer to the period of formation of the scientific school "Criminal law relations and criminological aspects of the activities of institutions and bodies of the penal enforcement system", which was created by Soviet scientists- penitentiaries of the criminal law, criminology and the organization of crime prevention Departments of the Ryazan Higher School of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia: Doctor of Law, Professor N. A. Ogurtsov; Candidate of Law, Associate Professor G. V. Drovosekov; Doctor of Law, Professor V. A. Eleonsky; Doctor of Law, Professor V. I. Guskov; Doctor of Law, Professor N. S. Artemyev. Information is briefly presented on the contribution to the development of the scientific school of each of its founders, as well as on the current heads of the scientific school – Doctor of Law, Professor K. A. Sych and Doctor of Law, Professor A. Ya. Grishko. The scientific school "Criminal law relations and criminological aspects of the activities of institutions and bodies of the penal system" is a specific form of organizing the scientific activities of employees and employees of these departments, as well as students – cadets, students, adjuncts and doctoral students. Within the framework of the scientific school's activities, the results of collective and author's scientific research devoted to the study of the theoretical foundations of the formation and differentiation of criminal liability; criminal punishment and its composition have been published; the specifics and procedure for exemption from criminal punishment; criminological characteristics of certain types of crimes; personality characteristics of criminals; legal and criminological aspects of anti-corruption activities, as well as other problems.
Implementasi Gamifikasi Media Pembelajaran Wordwall dalam Pembelajaran Teks Hikayat pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Firdaus Sya'ifatul Amna Roudlotul , Wijayanti Jamila
Published: October 2024

Pembelajaran yang digunakan pada masa kini banyak sekali menggunakan media-media berbasis digital. Media pembelajaran digital tersebut sangat membantu guru dan siswa dalam mewujudkan tujuan pembelajaran yang dirancang berdasarkan metode, strategi dan evaluasi pembelajaran. Wordwall merupakan website yang dapat digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran yang berbasis teknologi. Di dalam platform digital Wordwall terdapat beberapa macam permainan edukasi yang dapat digunakan untuk pembelajaran.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif pendekatan deskriptif dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu studi kasus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan Gamifikasi Wordwall pada pelajaran bahasa Indonesia materi teks hikayat kelas X SMA Diponegoro Tumpang dan dampak penerapan media pembelajaran wordwall dalam proses belajar siswa. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan penyebaran kuesioner yaitu penggunaan media pembelajaran wordwall dalam pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan semangat, motivasi, minat, dan hasil belajar siswa SMA Diponegoro Tumpang. Motivasi, minat, dan semangat belajar suatu kesatuan yang saling terikat dan berhubungan. Oleh sebab itu, penggunaan media pembelajaran yang bervariatif seperti platform wordwall dapat digunakan sebagai penunjang untuk mewujudkan tujuan belajar yang baik.
Penggunaan Video Blog sebagai Media Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Eksposisi untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Safitri Puja , Harjono Hary Soedarto , Priyanto Priyanto
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji penggunaan video blog sebagai media pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks eksposisi dan berpikir kritis siswa SMP Negeri 22 Kota Jambi. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kasus ini melibatkan 25 siswa kelas VIII H. Teknik pengumpulan data mencakup observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa video blog efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis eksposisi dan berpikir kritis siswa. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai siswa, di mana 28% siswa memperoleh nilai baik sekali dan baik, 24% siswa memperoleh nilai cukup baik, dan 20% siswa memperoleh nilai kurang dari KKM. Penggunaan video blog dalam pembelajaran menulis eksposisi terbukti mampu meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam mengidentifikasi ide pokok, menyusun kerangka karangan, mengembangkan paragraf, dan menggunakan bahasa yang baku dan efektif.
Kajian Nilai Moral dalam Lirik Lagu Berbahasa Jawa “Sak Isone” Karya Hendra Kumbara
Authors: Satoto Angga Bimo , Hapsari Diah Retno , Suryobintoro Suryobintoro , Makincoiri Mohamad
Published: October 2024

Menjamurnya lagu berbahasa Jawa di kalangan masyarakat dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif penanaman nilai moral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam lagu berbahasa Jawa dengan judul Sak Isone karya Hendra Kumbara. Hal yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah wujud dan jenis-jenis nilai moral. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berasal dari naskah transliterasi lirik lagu Sak Isone karya Hendra Kumbara, Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data model Miles dan Huberman, Keabsahan data menggunakan validitas semantik dan reliabilitas intrarater. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan tiga wujud nilai moral berserta jenisnya yaitu : (1) nilai moral manusia yang berhubungan dengan diri sendiri yang terdiri dari: mandiri, kerja keras, sabar dan optimis. (2) nilai moral manusia yang berhubungan manusia dengan manusia lain yang terdiri dari : tanggung jawab, setia dan rela berkorban. dan (3) nilai moral manusia yang berhubungan manusia dengan Tuhan yaitu dengan berdoa. Seluruh nilai moral tersebut dapat menjadi ajaran untuk diaplikasikan ke dalam kehidupan. Dengan adanya penelitian ini, diharapkan akan semakin banyak pengkajian serupa tentang nilai-nilai moral di dalam lirik lagu sehingga dapat mempengaruhi masyarakat dalam memilah dan memilih lagu yang akan didengarkan.
Ragam Bahasa Teknik Tenaga Perawatan dan Pemeriksaan Sarana Perkeretaapian di Wilayah Kerja Daop 7 Madiun
Authors: Marsusiadi Edi Nyoto Setyo
Published: October 2024

Manusia merupakan salah satu makhluk yang diciptakan memiliki bahasa, dalam menyampaikan pesan dan informasi dapat dilakukan baik secara non verbal maupun verbal untuk menyampaikan pendapat, berita, dan perintah dari komunikator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengenali penggunaan ragam bahasa teknik yang digunakan oleh tenaga perawatan dan pemeriksaan sarana perkeretaapian dalam melakukan perawatan harian, bulanan dan tahunan. Jenis penelitian dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian disajikan dalam tabel yang dengan  bentuk  teks naratif menunjukkan bahwa istilah teknologi sarana perkeretaapian yang memiliki nama dengan menggunakan bahasa asing (inggris) yang banyak digunakan oleh tenaga perawatan dan pemeriksaan sarana perkeretaapian, meskipun terdapat penggunaan jargon
PELATIHAN PERAWATAN KENDARAAN SEPEDA MOTOR BAGI MASYARAKAT DESA SIRNAJAYA
Authors: Alfriana Geovano , Cahyati Aridewi , Putra Purnama
Published: October 2024

A motorcycle is an engine-driven two-wheeled vehicle composed of different parts that are subjected to different loads during operation, such as heat load, chemical load, impact, bump, twist, push-pull-bend force, friction, pressure. The precision of vehicle components will vary from their original and standard conditions over time such as becoming looser, weaker, or finer. To ensure it is always in top condition, cars require regular maintenance which can be done by a garage or by yourself. In improving the ability to maintain motorcycles and make an income through their own business, especially in the field of motorcycle maintenance services. Through this community service project, counseling on business management and training on motorcycle maintenance skills, including the correct adjustment and use of repair equipment, are provided. The service method applies socialization of motorcycle maintenance theory and direct assistance on how to perform motor vehicle maintenance for Sirnajaya Village youth. The results of this service activity are the increased knowledge, understanding, and abilities of the participants in the field of motorcycle maintenance and repair, besides that this service program supports the success of the community in establishing their own business.
Preserving Endangered Heritage: Integrating GeoNames/Pleiades, Armenian Toponyms and Regularization for Cultural Identity Preservation in Conflict Zones
Authors: Tamrazyan Hamest , Hovhannisyan Gayane
Published: October 2024

In the face of escalating threats to Armenian cultural heritage in Artsakh due to armed conflicts and destruction, urgent measures are imperative to safeguard this invaluable legacy. The Digital Humanities Institute at the EPFL (École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland) is leading an effort to digitize the Armenian epigraphic heritage in Artsakh, where inscriptions and toponyms serve as cultural identifiers.

Documenting endangered inscriptions and using the ,  and  tags safeguard historical integrity. Integrating GeoNames and Pleiades enhances accessibility and accuracy, bridging perspectives and preserving heritage. The project's bilingual nature amplifies complexity, as English and Armenian representations are layered with intricate grammar nuances. Lemmatization and regularization ensure consistent proper names, particularly across diverse grammatical cases.

In a landscape where cultural heritage preservation is needed, the marriage of external resources, Armenian toponyms, lemmatization and regularization ensures historical accuracy and accessibility. This academic set-up clarifies the methodologies and standards used, emphasizing the preservation of Armenian cultural heritage through digital epigraphy.

The set-up of the corpus allows for future enrichment by incorporating additional inscriptions, more detailed historical background information and etymological clarifications about the toponyms. This flexibility ensures that the corpus can continue to grow and provide comprehensive insights into the cultural heritage of Artsakh.
From an Engraving to a Virtual Reconstruction: The 3D Modelling of Maria Amalia of Saxony's Funerary Ceremony in the Cathedral of Barcelona (1761)
Authors: Prieto Hames Pablo
Published: October 2024

This article discusses a virtual reconstruction of the catafalque and the ephemeral decorations created for the funeral of Maria Amalia of Saxony in the Cathedral of Barcelona in 1761. A combination of a historical-artistic approach and a variety of 3D modelling techniques has made it possible to recreate an ephemeral piece of architecture that, being constructed only for the funerary ceremony, has not lasted over time, such that the work presented here constitutes a novel strategy to promote a better understanding of another element of our cultural legacy.
The Child and the Animal in Times of War: Halahmy’s The Emergency Zoo and Contemporary News Reports on the War in Ukraine
Authors: Colerick Edward
Published: October 2024

This article looks at both Miriam Halahmy’s historical novel for children, The Emergency Zoo, set during several days of mass pet culling in London prior to World War II and Hilda Kean’s published research on the somewhat conveniently forgotten phenomenon, entitled The Great Dog and Cat Massacre. In both these works we observe the strong connection between child and pet, emphasised all the more in a period of uncertainty brought on by impending conflict. The reader is also presented with a detailed exploration of the child’s worldview as compared to that of the adults’ largely hierarchical humanistic perceptions, a way of thinking which is taken as one of the key contributory causes of the terrible pet cull of 1939. Comparisons are then drawn with the treatment of the child–animal relationship and that of household pets during the current Russo-Ukrainian War (the largest European conflict since World War II) as broadly represented in newspaper articles and photographic reports. These reports not only recognise the importance of the child–animal relationship (especially in terms of alleviating trauma and providing a sense of well-being) but also demonstrate that animals are both perceived as refugees and rightly given refugee status. Through an analysis of the strong contemporary media focus on the child and animal refugee, along with the comparison drawn with both Halahmy’s novel and Kean’s historical study, the article concludes that there is clear evidence showing that more recent perceptions of the child–animal relationship and the improved status of pets have been specifically shaped by both posthumanist thinking and the various debates concerning the nature and consequences of the Anthropocene.
The Silent Unseen and Underground Soldiers: Polish–Ukrainian Conflicts and Collaboration in Amanda McCrina’s Second World War Fiction
Authors: Świetlicki Mateusz
Published: October 2024

The memory of the Second World War remains a bone of contention between Poland and Ukraine. The countries’ mnemonic discourses differ significantly, especially regarding the legacy of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army. Most local children’s and young adult authors avoid discussing historical nuances and offer their readers simple narratives about victims and oppressors. Thus, it is remarkable that in the last few years descriptions of the difficult Polish–Ukrainian relations have appeared in fiction written by Anglophone authors. This article considers the representations of the complex Ukrainian–Polish/Polish–Ukrainian dynamics in Amanda McCrina’s Traitor (2020) and The Silent Unseen (2022), two young adult novels set in Second World War eastern Poland/western Ukraine. McCrina, an American of Polish descent, introduces teenage protagonists with liminal identities and agency limited by their historical circumstances. This article underscores the importance of McCrina’s literary techniques – especially her use of alternation of perspectives – that highlight the complexity of history and challenge the discourse of morality typical of young adult historical fiction. Moreover, it argues that the minor simplifications introduced by McCrina are necessary for Anglophone young readers to grasp the entanglements of the history of what Timothy Snyder termed the ‘Bloodlands’. Thus, her approach to addressing multifaceted and problematic topics exceeds morality plots based on the victim–oppressor binary.
Fleeing Nazi Persecution: Jewish Refugee Child Diarists as Family Chroniclers
Authors: Sederberg Kathryn
Published: October 2024

This article examines the diaries of young Jewish refugees who documented their emigration from Germany and Austria in the 1930s and who wrote for family members, imagining future readers of their accounts. These diaries offer unique access to children's voices during the Holocaust, showing how some child refugees became family chroniclers, self-consciously documenting a story of Jewish resistance and survival, as well as a tragedy of loss. Their diaries became treasured material objects and autobiographical texts that perform a writing subject, a child as author and narrator, asserting agency in a situation in which they were multiply marginalised as children and as Jewish refugees.
Academic Major and Mental Health among Chinese College Students
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhao Sibo
Published: October 2024

Background: A college student's academic major is not always the total free choice of the student in Chinese universities. If a student is not enrolled in the program, he/she has chosen, the student is usually placed in an academic program at the university's discretion. Further, a Chinese college student is usually required to finish and graduate from the program he/she has started in the freshman year. If a student does not like the academic major yet has to complete it, the student may feel frustrated during the years of college education and may experience certain psychopathological problems.

Methods: A structured questionnaire including demographics, familial and social circumstances, and personal characteristics was administered to a sample of college students in China. The randomly selected sample consisted of 2,400 undergraduates (males=884, 36.8%; females=1,516, 63.2%) from a university campus in terms of mental health condition as well as social and cultural life. Major outcome variables were satisfaction with academic major, self-esteem (SE), depression (CES-D) and psychological strains (PSS).

Results: Those students satisfied with the academic major scored higher on self-esteem (t = 3.997, p<0.001), and lower on depression (t =-4.144, p<0.001) and psychological strains (t =-4.729, p<0.001) than those who were not satisfied with their academic majors.

Conclusions: The college students who do not like their study area but must stick to it feel less happy and experience, to some extent, psychological strains. This can be a problem in the Chinese higher education system. Education reform should be recommended based on the findings from this research.
Do popular delusions deserve a more positive reputation? A commentary on "Why Delusions Matter"
Authors: Williams Daniel
Published: October 2024

In "Why Delusions Matter", Lisa Bortolotti argues both that the concept of delusions should be extended to cover certain beliefs that bear no relationship to pathology, and that delusions deserve a more positive reputation. Drawing attention to the role of self-serving propaganda in prominent examples of non-clinical delusions, I argue that there is a tension between these parts of the project.
Grensekryssing i yrkesfaglærerutdanningen: Betydningen av studentenes utviklingsprosjekter
Authors: Øyvind Granborg , Aakernes Nina
Published: October 2024

This article aims to explore how vocational teacher students’ work with development projects can create coherence between learning in the university and learning in teaching practice. Previous research indicates that students often perceive a lack of coherence between the academic knowledge culture in the university and the experiential knowledge they encounter in teaching practice. The study uses boundary crossing as a theoretical approach, and the results are based on interviews with vocational teacher students. The results reveal that their work with development projects strenghten programme coherence by linking the learning arenas university and teaching practice. The development projects also acted as boundary objects, facilitating the integration of the different knowledge cultures and practices. This study contributes to understanding the potential of development projects to create coherence between university and teaching practice in vocational teacher education. The results suggest the need for closer collaboration between universities and schools in supporting vocational teacher students’ work on development projects to enhance boundary learning.
Immunization with recombinant Streptococcus pneumoniae PgdA protects mice against lung invasion
Authors: Xiao Jiangming , Liu Bichen , Yin Yibing , Zhang Xuemei
Published: October 2024

Current pneumococcal vaccines, including the pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPV23) and conjugate (PCV13) vaccines, offer protection against specific serotypes but pose risks of serotype replacement that can alter the composition of the nasopharyngeal microbiota. To address this challenge, a novel strategy has been proposed to provide effective protection without disrupting the colonization of other bacterial populations. In our study, we found that subcutaneous immunization with recombinant peptidoglycan N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase A (rPgdA) elicited robust humoral and cellular immune responses, significantly reducing the invasion of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the lungs without affecting nasopharyngeal carriage. Furthermore, rPgdA antisera were shown to diminish bacterial invasion of lung epithelial cells in vitro. Notably, sera from patients with invasive pneumococcal infections exhibited higher levels of antibodies against the PgdA protein compared to sera from healthy adults, suggesting that a natural immune response to this protein occurs during infection. These results suggest a promising new target for the development of pneumococcal vaccines.
Animal breeding and feeding tools may close human nutrition gaps
Authors: Egelandsdal Bjørg , Grabez-Ågren Vladana , Mydland Liv Torunn , Haug Anna , Prestløkken Egil
Published: October 2024

The last century has witnessed many innovations in agriculture and food technologies that have ensured the production of sufficient quantities of good hygienic food. Animal scientists have contributed substantially to efficient breeding and feeding practices by adapting animals for faster growth and improving feed efficiency and utilization. Breeding goals and feeding recommendations have been proposed with a primary focus on profitability to promote significant changes in the macronutrient content, i.e., animal body protein and fat reduction. However, improving the nutritional quality of meat was not included in the profit assessment. Increasing the lean meat fraction is consistent with the goal of public dietary guidelines for human nutrition proposed in 1980, emphasizing the importance of reducing the consumption of animal fat, particularly saturated fat. The application of breeding and feeding tools to modify and improve the fatty acid composition has been partly implemented in pigs and broiler chickens to supplement the dietary recommendations for humans. The health benefits of lean “red meat” have been questioned in recent years, with dietary guidelines and upper limits being introduced for human intake. Animal breeding indirectly reduces the total and heme iron (the redness generator) content in meat, due to covariation with priority breeding goals. Two micronutrients play important roles in the human diet and are derived largely from meat (selenium) and milk (iodine) if the amount provided and absorbed is sufficient and predictable. The iodine content can be highly dependent on the use of novel (more sustainable) feeds. The micronutrients discussed in this study (Fe, Se, I, and vitamin D) highlight opportunities for the utilization of breeding and feeding knowledge to adjust their levels to procure meat with a high nutrient density. The gaps in micronutrient levels in humans must be addressed by navigating within approved animal feeding levels. Animal scientists must recognize the nutritional impact of breeding and feeding and advertise them. In addition, human nutritionists must acknowledge the existing and potential changes in animal production to meet the dietary guidelines. Sustainable food production within the “One Health” concept can only be achieved through cooperation.
The relationship between the most consumed digital media in Portugal and audience participation mechanisms
Authors: Sixto-García José , Duarte-Melo Ana , Andrade José Gabriel
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Digital journalism is well established in Portugal. However, the Portuguese public tend to opt for traditional media websites over those of a digital native nature. This research will confirm whether the reason for the national success of the former type of media is that their websites offer more participation mechanisms for the publics.

Methods

Based on a qualitative methodology, an ad hoc methodological instrument was designed that allows for the evaluation of the ways in which audiences can interact with brands and content.

Results and discussion

The results are highly surprising, since it is not possible to verify any type of relationship between preferred media and the number of audience participation mechanisms. Experts on a Delphi panel attribute media selection to the audiences’ interest in the stories covered and to the trust placed in the media.
How female principals in Ethiopia fight for gender justice: a qualitative study of their challenges and strategies
Authors: Alemu Aklilu
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Recently, women have been taking leadership positions in the hope of reducing gender inequality. However, it is unclear whether these female leaders have made a significant contribution to closing the gender gap. Guided by social role theory, this research explored the roles of female principals in reducing gender inequality in primary schools.

Methods

The study used a multisite case study design. Data were collected from 39 respondents: female directors, male and female students, and male and female teachers. Focus group discussions and interviews were the tools for gathering relevant data. The study utilized a six-staged thematic analysis approach with the help of NVivo 11 versions of qualitative analysis software.

Results

The study revealed that, besides being role models and counselors to female students, the role of female directors in minimizing gender inequality was insufficient due to the deeply entrenched traditional discrimination against women.

Discussion

Gender inequality in education stems from social roles, and female principals are assumed to help avoid or minimize gender disparity in a male-dominated world. However, achieving gender equality requires the collective efforts of parents, principals, society, and the government. Future quantitative or mixed-method research is important to determine the extent to which female principals have contributed to reducing gender inequality.
Cas9-targeted-based long-read sequencing for genetic screening of RPE65 locus
Authors: Rodilla Cristina , Núñez-Moreno Gonzalo , Benitez Yolanda , Romero Raquel , Fernández-Caballero Lidia , Mínguez Pablo , Corton Marta , Ayuso Carmen
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Long-read sequencing (LRS) enables accurate structural variant detection and variant phasing. When a molecular diagnosis is suspected, target enrichment can reduce the cost and duration of sequencing.

Methods

LRS was conducted in five inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) patients harboring a monoallelic variant in RPE65 that remained uncharacterized after clinical exome sequencing (CES). CRISPR-Cas9 guide RNA probes were designed to target a 31 kb region, including the entire RPE65 locus. The DNA was sequenced on a MinION platform. Short-read ×30 whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed for five patients to validate nanopore results.

Results

The nanopore sequencing process yielded a median of 271 reads within the targeted region, with a mean depth of 109 and a median read size of 8 kb. All variants identified by CES have been detected using this approach, and no additional RPE65 gene causative variants were found. Nanopore variant detection demonstrated performance akin to short-read WGS at similar coverage levels, although exhibiting increased false positive calls at lower coverage.

Discussion

In this study, we explore the advantages of using a targeted approach together with long-read sequencing to identify variants associated with IRD. The results underscore the utility of targeted long reads for characterizing patients affected by rare diseases when first-tier diagnostic tests are non-conclusive.
Development and distribution of submarine channels associated with sediment gravity flows in the modern Huanghe (Yellow River) subaqueous delta
Authors: An Shikang , Feng Aiping , Feng Wei , Wang Ya Ping , Chen Yufeng , Wu Zhuoyi , Chen Xiaolong , Yu Yonggui , Pan Yupeng , Liu Shihao
Published: October 2024

Background

Gravity-driven depositional processes play a pivotal role in shaping the geomorphology of subaqueous deltas worldwide, particularly by eroding the seafloor, leading to the formation of rugged submarine channels (SCs) and triggering various subaqueous geohazards. A comprehensive understanding of SCs is crucial for elucidating these depositional mechanisms and mitigating the risks associated with submarine geohazards. Although SCs in the Huanghe delta front have been previously identified, often described as seafloor gullies or subsurface “disturbed strata,” most studies have primarily concentrated on their engineering geological properties. However, there has been limited research on the scale, morphology, and development of these SCs, especially those that are buried within the stratigraphy.

Methods

This study integrates high-resolution sub-bottom data, sediment core analyses, and historical bathymetric data to investigate the morphology, distribution, and formation mechanisms of SCs in the Huanghe subaqueous delta.

Results

The SCs, both buried and exposed, are widespread along the middle and upper delta front, predominantly located at or near the landward flank of sediment gravity flow (SGF) -related accumulations. The buried SCs are characterized by cut-and-fill structures with transparent to semi-transparent fills, indicating rapid infilling processes as SGF energy dissipates. These buried channels were preserved within different sets of delta front deposits formed during 1855–1964 CE, 1964–1976 CE, and 1976–2007 CE, with the latter two periods separated by a significant lobe-switching event in 1976 CE. This event, combined with prevailing southeastward sediment transport and erosional regimes, appears to have controlled the preservation of SCs along the delta front: SCs in the Diaokou Lobe's delta front (pre-1976) suffered significant erosion, leaving only one set of channel (erosional remnants) preserved, while the SCs in the Qingshuigou Lobe's delta front (post-1976) are characterized by well-preserved, multi-phase channels at different horizons. The cross-section morphology of the SCs reveal three primary types: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and composite, corresponding respectively to (1) idealized SGF incision, (2) uneven incision intensity on either side of the SCs, and (3) the merging of two or more symmetrical/asymmetrical SCs.

Conclusions

We describe in detail the morphology, distribution and development of SCs in the modern Huanghe subaqueous delta. These findings provide insights into the formation and distribution of SCs in other shallow marine settings, particularly in delta front areas, and potentially offer information for disaster prevention and engineering development in such regions.
Non-motor symptoms in patients with Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12
Authors: Basu Purba , Choudhury Supriyo , Mondal Siddhartha Sankar , Siddique Ummatul , Rahman Simin , Ganguly Jacky , Mukherjee Soumava , Singh Nilam , Tiwari Mona , Kumar Hrishikesh
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12) is a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by abnormal CAG repeat expansion in the PPP2R2B gene. This disease is classically characterized by action tremor, dysarthria, ataxia, and hyperreflexia. There are limited reports regarding the non-motor symptoms in patients with SCA 12. We investigated the frequency and factors associated with the selected non-motor symptoms in patients with SCA 12.

Methods

Genetically diagnosed (CAG repeats > 43) and symptomatic cases of SCA 12 were included in the study. Motor severity was assessed using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) and The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS). Non-motor symptoms such as depression, autonomic function, and cognition were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease-Autonomic Dysfunction (SCOPA-AUT), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), respectively.

Results

The mean age of the cohort with 34 SCA12 patients was 64.87 years (standard deviation 6.844). In this study, 21 patients (61.76%) had either mild or moderate cognitive impairment, almost equally frequent in early and advanced cases. Similarly a number of patients demonstrated evidence of moderate and severe depression. The SARA score was strongly associated with the MoCA score, and CAG repeat length could independently predict the MoCA score in this cohort. Autonomic symptoms were commonly present, with the majority of the patients experiencing urinary symptoms.

Discussion

Non-motor symptoms are common in SCA12 patients, even in the early stages of the condition. Timely detection and treatment of these symptoms may improve the therapeutic outcome and quality of life for SCA12 patients. The diverse symptoms of SCA12 perhaps indicate a widespread neurodegeneration beyond the cerebellum or its direct connections.
Differentiation between high-grade gliomas and solitary brain metastases based on multidiffusion MRI model quantitative analysis
Authors: He Libing , Chen Meining , Li Hongjian , Shi Xiran , Qiu Zhiqiang , Xu Xiaoxue
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose

Differentiating high-grade gliomas (HGGs) from solitary brain metastases (SBMs) using conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains challenging due to their similar imaging features. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of advanced diffusion models, such as neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and mean apparent propagator magnetic resonance imaging (MAP-MRI), incomparison to traditional techniques like diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for distinguishing HGGs from SBMs.

Methods

In total, 17 patients with HGGs and 26 patients with SBMs were prospectively recruited based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Structural MRI sequences and diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) were utilized to assess quantitative parameter models, including NODDI, MAP-MRI, DWI, DTI, and DKI. Quantitative parameters were measured for both the tumor parenchymal area and the peritumoral edema area. The quantitative parameters of the two patient groups were compared using either the independent Student’s t-test or the Mann–Whitney U test. The effectiveness of each model was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calculating the area under the curve (AUC). Finally, the DeLong test was employed to compare the diagnostic performance of each model through pairwise comparisons of ROC curves.

Results

Isotropic volume fraction (Viso) based on NODDI; mean squared displacement (MSD) and the return to plane probabilities (RTPP) based on MAP-MRI; radial diffusivity (RDk) and mean diffusivity (MDk) based on DKI; and axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD) based on DTI of the peritumoral edema tumor were significantly different between HGGs and SBMs (p < 0.05). The optimal single discriminant parameters for each model are NODDI_Viso, MAP-MRI_MSD, DKI_MDk, and DTI_AD. Among these, the AUC of Viso (0.809) exceeds that of MSD (0.733), MDk (0.718), and AD (0.779). The combined model, which incorporates DTI_AD, DKI_RD, and NODDI_Viso, demonstrated superior diagnostic performance (0.897).

Conclusions

Advanced diffusion MRI quantitative parameters derived from NODDI, such as Viso, have the potential to enhance the differentiation between HGGs and SBMs. The integrated utilization of these models is anticipated to enhance diagnostic accuracy and refine MRI protocols for brain tumor assessment.
Predictive diagnostic value of mean platelet volume to platelet count and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios in the gray zone of prostate cancer with tPSA between 4 to 10 ng/mL
Authors: Yi Xinyu , Li Jin , Li Yilin , Huang Tao , Xiong Baiyi , Zhang Feng , Zhao Zhaoyi
Published: October 2024

Objective

Exploration of the Predictive Diagnostic Value of Mean Platelet Volume to Platelet Count Ratio (MPV/PLT,PVI) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in the tPSA Gray Zone of Prostate Cancer

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted on 65 prostate cancer (Pca) patients and 52 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients who underwent transperineal prostate biopsy at Xiangtan Central Hospital from December 2021 to December 2023. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to investigate the predictive diagnostic value of PVI and NLR in the tPSA gray zone of prostate cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed based on PVI and NLR values to determine the classification thresholds.

Results

A total of 117 patients were enrolled, including 65 cases of prostate cancer (PCa) and 52 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There were no statistically significant differences in age, BMI, history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of coronary heart disease, pre-biopsy white blood cell count, history of drinking, history of smoking, and tPSA between the PCa and BPH patients. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that PVI (OR=2.03, 95%CI: 1.34~3.07, P<0.00) and NLR (OR=0.32, 95%CI: 0.18~0.58, P<0.00) were independent predictors for diagnosing prostate cancer in the tPSA gray zone (VIF=1.04).The maximum area under the curve (AUC) for PVI was 0.70, with an optimal cut-off value of 0.05 (P ≤ 0.01). The maximum AUC for NLR was 0.76, with an optimal cut-off value of 2.86 (P ≤ 0.01).The calibration curve showed good consistency between the predicted and actual outcomes in both the PCa and BPH groups, indicating that the nomogram model had good predictive performance.When using PVI and NLR to plot the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to predict the assessment of PCa in the tpsa gray zone, the area under the curve (AUC) for PVI was the largest at 0.70, with an optimal cutoff value of 0.05 (P ≤ 0.01). The AUC for NLR was the largest at 0.76, with an optimal cutoff value of 2.86 (P ≤ 0.01).

Conclusion

PVI and NLR have certain predictive diagnostic value for Pca in the tPSA gray zone, and appropriate use of PVI and NLR can improve the positive rate of early screening for Pca in the gray zone.
Enhancing analgesia in acute renal colic pain: a randomized controlled trial of gabapentin adjunct to ketorolac-based regimen
Authors: Kianpour Parisa , Valavioun Parmis , Payandemehr Pooya , Safaei Arash , Borhani Yasaman , Honarmand Hooshyar , Mojtahedzadeh Mojtaba , Basiri Kamal , karimpour-Razkenari Elahe , Najmeddin Farhad
Published: October 2024

Background

Renal colic is characterized by severe pain that is highly disabling. Gabapentin, an antiepileptic medication, is often recommended as a first-line therapy for neuropathic pain. However, its effectiveness in managing somatic pain, which is defined as the result of activity by pain receptors in the deep tissues, such as renal colic pain, is not as well-established.

Method

A phase 3 randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the adjuvant analgesic effects of gabapentin on acute renal colic pain. Eligible patients participated in the study via random allocation to the control or gabapentin groups using the block randomization method. All patients received a shared regimen of ketorolac and rescue morphine as the conventional analgesic treatment for renal colic pain. Gabapentin was added as an adjuvant analgesic for the gabapentin group.

Result

A total of 63 individuals with an average age of 41.35 ± 13.08, were enrolled and completed the study. At the time of admission, there were no significant differences between the baseline characteristics of two groups, with exception of weight. The gabapentin group showed a significantly higher percentage of patients with pain severity of less than 5 after 60 and 90 min, as well as a significantly lower percentage of morphine rescue requirement and total morphine intake (mg) and mg/kg.

Conclusion

In cases of acute renal colic, gabapentin significantly decreases both the amount of morphine required and the degree of pain, indicating that it may be a useful adjutant to standard analgesic regimens. Treatment regimens that include gabapentin may help individuals manage their pain and become less reliant on opioids.

Clinical Trial Registration

https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/56066, identifier: IRCT20200322046833N2.
Melatonin mitigates root growth inhibition and carbon-nitrogen metabolism imbalance in apple rootstock M9T337 under high nitrogen stress
Authors: Sun Maoxiang , Wang Chaoran , Zhang Guowei , Cao Hui , Wang Fen , Li Ming , Ge Shunfeng
Published: October 2024

Nitrogen (N) is an essential element for plant growth, development, and metabolism. In apple production, the excessive use of N fertilizer may cause high N stress. Whether high N stress can be alleviated by regulating melatonin supply is unclear. The effects of melatonin on root morphology, antioxidant enzyme activity and 13C and 15N accumulation in apple rootstock M9T337 treated with high N were studied by soil culture. The results showed that correctly raising the melatonin supply level is helpful to root development of M9T337 rootstock under severe N stress. Compared with HN treatment, HN+MT treatment increased root and leaf growth by 11.38%, and 28.01%, respectively. Under high N conditions, appropriately increasing melatonin level can activate antioxidant enzyme activity, reduce lipid peroxidation in roots, protect root structural integrity, promote the transport of sorbitol and sucrose to roots, and promote further degradation and utilization of sorbitol and sucrose in roots, which is conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products, thereby reducing the inhibitory effect of high N treatment on root growth. Based on the above research results, we found that under high N stress, melatonin significantly promotes nitrate absorption, enhances N metabolism enzyme activity, and upregulates related gene expression, and regulate N uptake and utilization in the M9T337 rootstock. These results presented a fresh notion for improving N application and preserving carbon-nitrogen balance.
Processing of prosodic cues of uncertainty in autistic and non-autistic adults: a study based on articulatory speech synthesis
Authors: Bellinghausen Charlotte , Schröder Bernhard , Rauh Reinhold , Riedel Andreas , Dahmen Paula , Birkholz Peter , Tebartz van Elst Ludger , Fangmeier Thomas
Published: October 2024

Introduction

We investigated the prosodic perception of uncertainty cues in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to neurotypical adults (NTC).

Method

We used articulatory synthetic speech to express uncertainty in a human-machine scenario by varying the three acoustic cues pause, intonation, and hesitation. Twenty-eight adults with ASD and 28 NTC adults rated each answer for uncertainty, naturalness, and comprehensibility.

Results

Both groups reliably perceived different levels of uncertainty. Stimuli were rated as less uncertain by the ASD group, but not significantly. Only when we pooled the recipients’ ratings for all three cues, did we find a significant group difference. In terms of reaction time, we observed longer reaction times in the ASD group compared to the neurotypical comparison group for the uncertainty level hesitation & strong intonation, but the differences were not significant after Bonferroni correction. Furthermore, our results showed a significant group difference between the correlation of uncertainty and naturalness, i.e. the correlation in the ASD group is significantly lower than in the NTC group. Obtained effect size estimates can inform sample size calculations in future studies for the reliable identification of group differences.

Discussion

In future work, we would like to further investigate the interaction of all three cues and uncertainty perception. It would be interesting to further vary the duration of the pause and also to use different types of fillers. From a developmental perspective, uncertainty perception should also be investigated in children and adolescents with ASD.
Psychological barriers to adherence to pharmacological treatment of cardiovascular risk conditions in healthcare workers
Authors: Flores-Mendoza Jessica Berenice , Robles García Rebeca , García-Méndez Mirna , Rodríguez-Argüelles Norma Liliana
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally. This burden of disease is particularly high among healthcare workers (HCW). However, adherence to treatment of well-known cardiovascular risk conditions (CRC) still represents a challenge, even among healthcare workers (HCW). Since the identification of modifiable related factors is a prerequisite for developing effective public health interventions, the purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for adherence to pharmacological treatment (APT) for CRC in HCW, using psychological variables related to CVD mortality, such as the type A behavior pattern, perceived stress, depression, anxiety and attitudes toward treatment adherence.

Methods

An anonymous online survey was completed by a non-probabilistic sample of 1,377 Mexican HCW from tertiary public hospitals, with a diagnosis of only one of the following CRC: ischemic heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure or dyslipidemia. Sociodemographic questionnaires and self-reported measures were used to collect data: PSS-14 for perceived stress, Type A Behavior Pattern Withdrawal Scale, HADS for anxiety and depression symptoms, the Attitudes toward Medication Scale and the Therapeutics Adherence Scale for Patients with Chronic Diseases.

Results

Anxiety and depression symptoms were higher in the group with risk for non-adherence, while perceived stress and positive attitudes toward medication were higher in the group with likelihood of adherence (p ≤ 0.05). The Type A behavior pattern and sociodemographic variables did not differ between groups. In a regression model, positive attitudes toward medication and perceived stress doubled APT (OR = 2.04, CI95% = 1.39–2.97; OR = 2.02, CI95% = 1.71–2,39, respectively) whereas depression decreased its likelihood (OR = 0.61, CI95% = 0.58–0.73).

Discussion

In conclusion, psychoeducation for patients with CRC should include information on the advantages of medication for treating their condition, even if they are HCW. Promoting adaptative coping skills to handle daily stressful events, including their CRC, could reduce the level of stress that could increase their APT but also their cardiovascular risk. Moreover, our data provide evidence regarding the importance of identifying and treating depressive symptoms as part of the standard care of this population.