bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theory for Electrochemical Heat Sources and Exothermic Explosions: Akbari-Ganji’s Method
Authors: Vanaja Ramalingam , Jeyabarathi Ponraj , Rajendran Lakshmanan , Lyons Michael Edward Gerard
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses the mathematical modelling of exothermic explosions in a slab. This model is based on a nonlinear equation containing a nonlinear term related to Arrhenius, bimolecular, and sensitised laws of reaction kinetics. The absolute temperature can be obtained by solving the nonlinear equation using Akbari-Ganji’s method. The influence of the parameters Frank-Kamenetskii, activation energy and numerical exponent on temperature is discussed. The analytical results are compared with previous available analytical and numerical results ( Matlab). A satisfactory agreement is noted.
Association of Myocardial Changes and Gene Expression of the NFATC1 and NFATC4 – Calcineurin Signaling Pathway in Children with Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Authors: Kamenshchyk Andrii , Gonchar Margaryta , Oksenych Valentyn , Kamyshnyi Aleksandr
Published: July 2023

Background: The role of NFATC genes expression in BAV progression is not fully understood. Aim of study is to determine the significance of NFATC1 and NFATC4 gene expression for myocardial changes in children with BAV. Methods: In 47 children with BAV the standard Doppler echocar-digraphic characteristics were detected and the expression of the NFATC1 and NFATC4 genes was studied. Results: PWTd, AoPPG, in BAV patients were significantly higher compared to healthy controls (PWTd median(min-max) 9 (7-10) mm vs 7 (6-8) mm), AoPPG median (min-max) 7,79 (2,98-15,09) mm Hg vs 2,94 (2,42-3,72) mm Hg. Expression of NFATC1 gene in BAV children was significantly higher compared to NFATC4 (NFATC1 median (min-max) 70,88 (8,79-106,51) e.u. vs 7,72 (1,74-22,67) e.u., respectively p<0,05). Significant correlation of NFATC1 expression with Ao found (R=+0,53, p<0,05). In BAV patients with PWTd > 8 mm and Ao> 21 mm the NFATC1 expression was significantly higher compare to those with PWTd< =8 mm and Ao<=21 mm NFATC1 median (min-max) 45,49 (5,01-101,52) e.u. vs 15,53 (2,36-44,40) e.u., p<0.05 and 81.11 (20.27-101.10) e.u. mm vs 12.16 (2,40-45.49) e.u., p<0.05, respectively) Conclusion: in children with BAV the high expression of the NFATC1 calcineurin signalling pathway gene is associated with elevated PWTd and Ao.
Evaluation of Wear Models for the Wear Calculation of Journal Bearings for Planetary Gears in Wind Turbines
Authors: Lehmann Benjamin , Trompetter Philipp , Gutiérrez Guzmán Francisco , Jacobs Georg
Published: July 2023

To increase the power density of the electromechanical drive train of wind turbines, journal bearings can be used as planetary gear bearings instead of rolling bearings. This technological change presents new challenges. For example, wind turbine drive systems are subject to dynamic and low-speed operating conditions which can lead to an accelerated abrasive wear of the journal bearings. In addition, oil supply failure or peak loads due to wind gusts and grid and power converter faults could potentially result in catastrophic failure due to adhesive wear in a very short time. Such operating characteristics are, therefore, critical regarding the journal bearing wear lifetime and must be considered in the design. The successful implementation of journal bearings in wind turbines depends on a reliable estimation of adhesive and abrasive wear. In this paper, five different models for the wear calculation of journal bearings are evaluated regarding their suitability of wear calculation of planetary gear bearings in wind turbines. For this purpose, the following evaluation criteria were defined: parameter uncertainty, parametrization effort, in particular number of parameters, parameterization method and load case dependency of parameters and calculation effort. In order to be able to evaluate the wear models, the wear models are numerically implemented and the wear of a test journal bearing is exemplarily calculated under load conditions, which are comparable to load conditions in a wind turbine. Relevant influences from the wind turbine system such as lubricant, material and manufacturing dependent surface influences like roughness and hardness are considered. The wear models are evaluated with respect to their fulfillment of the defined criteria. The resulting evaluation allows the selection of a wear model that can be used to calculate the wear of planetary gear journal bearings in wind turbines, considering the available input variables.
Integration of Digital Technologies in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Activities: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Atanasov Atanas , Chipriyanova Galina , Krasteva-Hristova Radosveta
Published: July 2023

The modern technologies require the need to analyze the opportunities for improvement the integration of digital technologies in CSR activities in the context of added values be-tween business and science in perspective, incl. the future digital society. The main goal of this article is to identify the current state of research on the integration of digital technolo-gies in CSR activities in business, as well as to prepare recommendations for further re-search and practice. A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of 129 scien-tific articles published between 2014 to 2023 was performed. The bibliometric analysis was organized in two directions: descriptive and performance analysis, through which we can study the contribution of the analyzed objects to the given scientific area, and science mapping, which studies the relationships among them. The results indicate that the com-panies use more frequently artificial intelligence, blockchain, the Internet of Things and other technologies to increase the efficiency and impact of their CSR activities. In addition, this research reveals the basis of bringing forward the new trends for future publications, which shall upgrade and enrich the theory and practice.
Exhibiting the Heritage of Covid-19—a Conversation with ChatGPT
Authors: Spennemann Dirk H.R.
Published: July 2023

The documentation and management of the cultural heritage of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the heritage digital age are emerging discourses in cultural heritage management. The enthusiastic uptake of a generative artificial intelligence application (ChatGPT) by the general public and academics alike has provided an opportunity to explore i) whether, and to what extent, generative AI can conceptualize an emergent, not well-described field of cultural heritage (the heritage of COVID-19, ii), whether it can design an exhibition on the topic and iii) whether it can identify sites associated with the pandemic that may be(come) significant heritage. Drawing on an extended ‘conversation’ with ChatGPT, this paper shows that generative AI is capable of not only developing a concept for an exhibition of the heritage of COVID-19 but also that it can provide a defensible array of exhibition topics as well as a relevant selection of exhibition objects. ChatGPT is also capable of making suggestions on the selection of cultural heritage sites associated with the pandemic, but these lack specificity. The discrepancy between ChatGPT’s responses to the exhibition concept and its responses regarding potential heritage sites suggests differential selection and access to data that were used to train the model, with a seemingly heavy reliance on Wikipedia. The ‘conversation’ has shown that ChatGPT can serve as a brainstorming tool, but that a curator’s considered interpretation of the responses is still essential.
Novel Fluoride Matrix for Dual‐Range Optical Sensors and Visualization
Authors: Alexandrov Alexander A. , Petrova Lada A. , Pominova Daria V. , Romanishkin Igor D. , Tsygankova Maria V. , Kuznetsov Sergey V. , Ivanov Vladimir K. , Fedorov Pavel P.
Published: July 2023

Novel tetragonal matrix Ba0.5Gd0.5-xNaxF2.5-x, where x = 0.05, doped by Yb3+, Ho3+, Er3+, was synthesized by molten salt synthesis (MSS) from nitrate flux. XRD data show that tetragonal phase with a = 4.122(1) Å, c = 17.672(1) Å is stable in argon atmosphere up to 960 °C. Luminescence spectra recorded in 500-900 nm and 1050-1700 nm upon 974 nm pumping demonstrated the characteristic luminescence at 1550 nm (4I13/2 → 4I15/2) for Er3+ and 1150 nm (5I6 → 5I8) for Ho3+. The relative thermal sensitivity (Sr) at 296-316 K were 0.3 %*K-1 and 5.5%*К-1 in shortwave infrared (SWIR) and visible range, respectively. Synthesized luminophores can be used as dual-range optical temperature sensors, which simultaneously operating in visible and SWIR ranges.
Advancing the Sustainability of Risk Assessments within the Renewable Energy Sector- Review of Published Risk Assessments
Authors: Jenkins Mark , Loughney Sean , Matellini Dante Ben , Wang Jin
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The epistemology of the traditional risk assessment examined has a taxonomy based upon deterministic, behaviouristic and compatibilist methodologies which are likely driven by neo-liberal market related requirements for bigger, faster cheaper wind-turbines. Analysis of available risk assessments suggested that there is no conscious effort to deceive the reader although the intended audience is unclear. The language, and scoring mechanisms utilized indicates the presence of conformity bias, confirmation bias, and numerical inconsistency leading to data ossification. By reverse engineering risk assessment content, Pragmatic and Social Psychological aspects can be investigated, and the adequacy of the document can be evaluated using evidence-based models.
A Foreign Object Detection Method for Belt Conveyor Based on Improved YOLOX Model
Authors: Yao Rongbin , Qi Peng , Hua Dezheng , Zhang Xu , Lu He , Liu Xinhua
Published: July 2023

As one of the main equipment of coal transportation, the belt conveyor with detection system is an important direction for the development of intelligent mine. The occurrences of non-coal foreign objects making contact with belts are common phenomenon in complex production environments and improper human operations. In order to avoid major safety accidents caused by scratches, deviation and breakage of the belt, a foreign object detection method is proposed for belt conveyor in this work. Firstly, a foreign object image dataset is collected and established, and IAT image enhancement module and attention mechanism of CBAM are proposed to enhance image data sample. Moreover, to predict the angle information of foreign objects with large aspect ratios, a rotating decoupling head is designed, and a MO-YOLOX network structure is constructed. Some experiments are carried out with the belt conveyor in the mine intelligent mining equipment laboratory, and the detections of different foreign objects are analyzed. Experimental results show that the accuracy, recall, and mAP50 of the proposed rotating frame foreign object detection method reaches 93.87%, 93.69%, and 93.72%, and the average inference time of foreign object detection is 25 ms.
The Impact of Pulmonary Vein Anatomy on P-wave Appearance during Sinus Rhythm: Cardiac Computed Tomography study
Authors: Verhovceva Viktorija , Zvaigzne Ligita , Lācis Romans , Kalējs Oskars
Published: July 2023

Electrocardigraphy remains as a first-line evaluation method for cardiac function, recording the electrical activity of the heart from the body surface. Since atrial activation is seen on the ECG as P-wave, several factors are known to impact the appearance of the P-wave, such as direction of electric impulse, conduction abnormalities and anatomical characteristics of the atria. The aim of this retrospective study was to find statistically significant associations between anatomy of pulmonary veins (PVs) osberved in cardiac computed tomography (CT) and P-wave appearance during sinus rhythm on resting ECG. For each patient, a resting 12-lead ECG was recorded, the field of analysis was P wave – its’ duration, morphology and axis. The evaluation of the CT scan recordings was performed by creating 3D models of the left atrium and analyzing anatomy of the PVs and left atrial appendage (LAA). Noteworthy correlations were found: anatomy of the left PVs showed an association with LAA volume, LAA morphology and P-wave notching in lead II. The right PVs demonstrated relation with P wave axis and amplitude. Although these correlations cannot be classified as strong, they may play a role in significant scientific discoveries in future research projects.
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Nanosized Polyaniline
Authors: Banjar Mohd Faizar , Abedin Fatin Najwa Joynal , Fizal Ahmad Noor Syimir , Muhamad Sarih Norazilawati , Hossain Md Sohrab , Osman Hakimah , Khalil Nor Afifah , Ahmad Yahaya Ahmad Naim , Zulkifli Muzafar
Published: July 2023

Polyaniline or PANI is a conductive polymer (CPs) with flexibility in turning into conducting properties. The drawback is mainly in terms of limited mechanical properties improvement which attracted the interest in fabrication of PANI with other polymeric materials. PANI-PVL composites film was synthesized and fabricated in this work with chronological steps according to the objectives aligned in two different phases. The first phase determines the optimum parameters to synthesize nanosized PANI. The ideal initial molar ratio, r was 1, stirring speed of 600 rpm, purified by filtration, synthesis temperature of 25 oC, washed by dopant acid, acetone and distilled water. The usage of non-ionic surfactant, Triton X-100 (TX100) with 0.1 % concentration favours the formation of smaller particle size of PANI and good dispersibility compared to the usage of anionic sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). The synthesis of PANI in nanosized dimension has the potential to be applied for antimicrobial applications such as gloves and antimicrobial coating of frequent contact points in the near future.
A General Machine Learning Model for Assessing Fruit Quality Using Deep Image Features
Authors: Apostolopoulos Ioannis D. , Tzani Mpesi , Aznaouridis Sokratis
Published: July 2023

Fruit quality is a critical factor in the produce industry, affecting producers, distributors, consumers, and the economy. High-quality fruits are more appealing, nutritious, and safe, boosting consumer satisfaction and revenue for producers. Artificial Intelligence can aid in assessing the quality of the fruit using images. This paper presents a general machine-learning model for assessing fruit quality using deep image features. The model leverages the learning capabilities of the recent successful networks for image classification called Vision Transformers (ViT). The ViT model is built and trained with a combination of various fruit datasets and learned to distinguish between good and rotten fruit images. The general model demonstrated impressive results in accurately identifying the quality of various fruits such as Apples (with a 99.50% accuracy), Cucumbers (99%), Grapes (100%), Kakis (99.50%), Oranges (99.50%), Papayas (98%), Peaches (98%), Tomatoes (99.50%), and Watermelons (98%). However, it showed slightly lower performance in identifying Guavas (97%), Lemons (97%), Limes (97.50%), mangoes (97.50%), Pears (97%), and Pomegranates (97%).
Global IR Research Programme: From Perplexities to Progressions
Authors: SHAHİ Deepshika
Published: July 2023

Our basic expectations vis-à-vis ‘the international’ have turned our phenomenal
existence into two seemingly irreconcilable cognitive prisons: ‘one world’ with
homogenizing propensities (dominated by the West) and ‘many worlds’ with
heterogenizing predispositions (embodied by the non-West). Every so often, these
cognitive prisons—oscillating between the extreme homogenizing propensities of
the West and heterogenizing predispositions of the non-West— become obstacles
in implementing effective global partnerships that are required to tackle the
challenges thrown by global crisis-situations, e.g., the likelihoods of world
war, financial crisis, climate change, pandemic, and the like. The agenda of
the ‘Global IR research programme’ has emerged to demolish these cognitive
prisons. To this end, this agenda finds rational support from multiple auxiliary
theories that derive stimulus from hitherto denigrated knowledge-forms thriving
in different corners of the world: e.g., Tianxia (all-under-heaven) from China,
Advaita (non-duality) from India, and Mu No Basho (place of nothingness) from
Japan. Nevertheless, the conditioned reflexes of many IR researchers compel
them to receive the emergent knowledge-forms by correlating their ‘source’ and
‘scope’: generally, the knowledge-forms having their source in the West are
granted a global scope, whereas the knowledge-forms having their source in the
non-West are given a local scope; it is often suspected that the local non-Western
knowledge-forms cannot grasp the larger global scenario. Philosophically, these
conditioned reflexes emanate from Kantian dualism, which forms disconnected
opposites of phenomena-noumena, science-metaphysics, West–non-West etc. This
article reveals how the Global IR research programme—inspired by the Chinese,
Indian and Japanese cosmovisions—strives to demolish the cognitive prisons of
‘one world versus many worlds’, thereby ensuring the prospective progressions
of this research programme.
Acetabular Sector Angles in Asymptomatic and Dysplastic Hips
Authors: Verhaegen Jeroen C.F. , DeVries Zach , Horton Isabel , Slullitel Pablo A. , Rakhra Kawan , Beaulé Paul E. , Grammatopoulos George
Published: July 2023

Background:

Radiographic evaluation plays an important role in detecting and grading hip dysplasia. Acetabular sector angles (ASAs) measure the degree of femoral head coverage provided by the acetabulum on computed tomographic (CT) scans. In this study, we aimed to determine ASA values at different axial levels in a control cohort with asymptomatic, high-functioning hips without underlying hip pathology and a study group with symptomatic, dysplastic hips that underwent periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), thereby defining the ASA thresholds for hip dysplasia.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study evaluating a control group of 51 patients (102 hips) and a study group of 66 patients (72 hips). The control group was high-functioning and asymptomatic, with an Oxford Hip Score of >43, did not have osteoarthritis (Tönnis grade ≤1), underwent a pelvic CT scan, had a mean age (and standard deviation) of 52.1 ± 5.5 years, and was 52.9% female. The study group had symptomatic hip dysplasia treated with PAO, had a mean age of 29.5 ± 7.3 years, and 83.3% was female. Anterior ASA (AASA) and posterior ASA (PASA) were measured at 3 axial CT levels to determine equatorial, intermediate, and proximal ASA. The thresholds for dysplasia were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, including the area under the curve (AUC).

Results:

Patients with dysplasia had significantly smaller ASAs compared with the control group; the differences were most pronounced for proximal AASAs and proximal and intermediate PASAs. The control group had a mean proximal PASA of 162° ± 17°, yielding a threshold for dysplasia of 137° (AUC, 0.908). The mean intermediate PASA for the control group was 117° ± 11°, yielding a threshold of 107° (AUC, 0.904). The threshold for anterior dysplasia was 133° for proximal AASA (AUC, 0.859) and 57° for equatorial AASA (AUC, 0.868). The threshold for posterior dysplasia was 102° for intermediate PASA (AUC, 0.933).

Conclusions:

Measurement of ASA is a reliable tool to identify focal acetabular deficiency with high accuracy, aiding diagnosis and management. A proximal PASA of <137° or an intermediate PASA of <107° should alert clinicians to the presence of dysplasia.

Level of Evidence:

Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Estudio de percepción sobre Localización Didáctica de Videojuegos (LDV) aplicada a la enseñanza de lenguas
Authors: Tinedo Rodríguez Antonio Jesús
Published: July 2023

En un mundo multimodal e interconectado es necesario explorar el potencial de las tecnologías educativas para el desarrollo de una ciudadanía bilingüe e intercultural. El creciente consumo de productos audiovisuales invita a explorar su potencial didáctico. En este sentido, la Traducción Audiovisual Didáctica (TAD) juega un papel muy importante puesto que indaga en el impacto que tienen las tareas en las que el alumnado crea sus propios materiales audiovisuales usando la traducción como herramienta. Hasta el momento el estudio de la TAD se había centrado principalmente en las cinco modalidades clásicas de subtitulado y relocutado. Sin embargo, la localización didáctica de videojuegos es una modalidad que no se había explorado. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la percepción de una propuesta de localización didáctica por parte del alumnado de lenguas extranjeras. La intervención se ha aplicado a una muestra de N = 44 sujetos, obteniendo resultados de gran interés ya que muestran una percepción muy positiva en términos de desarrollo de destrezas lingüísticas y traductológicas. A modo de conclusión cabe destacar el papel de la localización didáctica en el desarrollo de la interculturalidad, puesto que es la modalidad de TAD en la que se pone especial énfasis en esta competencia.
Comparative Evaluation of a Functions for the Soave-Redlich-Kwong Equation of State and the Peng-Robinson Equation of State to Predict Saturation Pressures for Gas(es)-Heavy Oil/Bitumen-Water Systems
Authors: Atonge Esther Anyi , Yang Daoyong
Published: July 2023

To accurately predict saturation pressures for gas(es)-heavy oil/bitumen-water systems, several α functions have been selected and evaluated at a reduced temperature (Tr) of 0.70 and 0.60 for the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state (EOS) and Peng-Robinson (PR) EOS, respectively. More specifically, 164 data points of measured saturation pressures of gas(es)-heavy oil/bitumen-water systems are collected from the public domain, while all α functions developed for heavy oil-associated mixtures and water have been reviewed and selected. At Tr = 0.70, the former, including three existing α functions, as well as two newly developed α functions at Tr = 0.70 together with three new α functions at Tr = 0.60, and the latter, including two alpha functions, are used to evaluate saturation pressures for various gas(es)-heavy oil/bitumen-water systems under various conditions. The absolute average relative deviation (AARD) between the measured saturation pressures and their predicted ones is found to decrease with either an increase in the pseudocomponent (PC) number or redefining the acentric factor (ω) at Tr = 0.60 other than the conventional one at Tr = 0.70. In addition to validating our coded program, the CMG WinProp module, together with its default binary interaction parameters (BIPs) is used to, respectively, quantify saturation pressures of the aforementioned systems with an overall AARD of 27.34 and 28.39% for the PR EOS and SRK EOS. The recommended α function newly developed at Tr = 0.60 by Chen and Yang (2017) predicts saturation pressures more accurately with an overall AARD of 3.88 and 1.64% by, respectively, treating the heavy oil as one PC and six PCs.
WITHDRAWN: Feasibility of using Gag proteins to reawaken dormant HIV infection based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Chen S.
Published: July 2023

The technique of using drugs to target latent virus reservoirs has been introduced to reawaken dormant viruses such that the immune system can attack them, but further tests have shown this method fails. In this study, the author attempted to analyze whether drugs can be used to reawaken dormant virus reservoirs and proposed the use of viral proteins to activate the sleeping virus. The results show that the amino acid sequence ARG of Gag proteins of HTLV-1, HTLV-2, STLV-1 and STLV-2 match their primer binding site GGGGGCTCG in the 3'-to-5' direction and that the amino acid sequence SPR of Gag proteins of HIV-1, HIV-2, SIV and FIV match their primer binding site GGCGCCCGA in the 3'-to-5' direction. The author hence believes that the latency-reversing drugs are involved in the process of the transcription of cancer genes, and because the virus genome they reawaken contains the same NF-κB binding sites, the drugs indirectly reawaken dormant retrovirus infection. Related studies showed that the genomic Gag/Gag-Pol complex recruits the LysRS/tRNA complex, the selective packaging of the tRNA primer requires HIV-1 Gag and Gag-Pol, and an interaction between LysRS and Gag is observed in vitro. In contrast, Gag proteins can more reliably be used to directly reawaken dormant HIV infection, which recruits human uncharged tRNA to serve as the reverse transcription primer.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Acceptance towards COVID-19 Vaccination among Health Care Workers in Mukalla city-YEMEN: an analytical cross-sectional study
Authors: Bnqadeem Aseel , Alsabban Mohammed , Bokir Khulod , Al-Ghazali Ruqaiah , Gaber Sarah Bin Ali , Balfaqih Sumaia , Marei Fatima Bin , Al-Amodi Fatima , Atash Sumaia
Published: July 2023

Background
COVID-19 vaccination is one of the greatest public health interventions to reduce the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic. Yemen began on April 2021 to vaccinate healthcare workers for COVID-19 with the vaccine. However, the media's negative portrayal of vaccines safety and efficacy has led to concerns regarding the acceptance of the vaccine. Therefore, our study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and acceptance towards COVID-19 Vaccination among HCWs in Mukalla city-Yemen.
Methods
An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using convenience sampling method in Mukalla city among healthcare workers from October 2022 to December 2022. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire. A Chi-square test was used to assess the association between independent variables (demographic) and dependent variables (knowledge, attitude and acceptance). Correlation between knowledge and attitude levels with rate of acceptance was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient.
Results
449 respondents were included in the final analysis, of which 237 (52.8%) were males and 212 (47.2%) were females, with a mean age ± SD of 31.0 ± 7.6 years. The overall results regarding knowledge, attitude, and acceptance rates of the COVID-19 vaccines were 65.3% 63.7% and 68.8% (with an efficacy of 90%), respectively. Acceptance was statistically associated with participants’ job, vaccination state, whether they were dealing with suspected cases of COVID-19 and their source of COVID-19 related information (p-value < 0.05). level of acceptance was moderately correlated with attitude level (r = 0.527).
Conclusion
Healthcare workers were found to have a moderate level of knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination. However, acceptance rate was scaling down according to vaccine efficacy. Many demographic characteristics were significantly associated with acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination.
Low Computational Complexity Precoding Selection for 5G New Radio
Authors: Li Chi-Min , Huang Hsin-Jou , Wang Pao-Jen
Published: July 2023

In the fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) wireless communication system, using Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system for signal transmission and reception of the millimeter wave frequency band can effectively improve the data rate performance and the received signal quality. Besides, precoding is an important method of beamforming in MIMO transmission. With the properly selected precoding matrices, transmitter and receiver can adjust the transmitting and receiving behaviors in accordance with the changes of the current channel state to reduce the interferences between users and increase the received signal strength. In this paper, a low complexity precoding selection method is proposed based on the steering angle characteristics of the precoding matrices of 5G NR. Besides, we used the software defined radio to implement the precoding selection following the requirement of the specifications of 5G. With this implementation, both transmitter and receiver can determine the suitable precoding matrices according to different precoding selection methods. Results showed that with a little error vector magnitude performance degradation, the proposed precoding selection method can reduce at least 50% of the required computational complexity of the full search method.
A new stay cable dynamic analysis method based on separation of exponential term with free vibration time history
Authors: Gao Huicai , Shi Hongyu , Luo Shuai , Hu Yunjin
Published: July 2023

With the continuous increase of the span of the cable-stayed bridge, the length of the stay cable also increases. Then the vibration of the becomes more complicated. It is necessary to use dynamic model for stay cable analysis and vibration control. This paper proposes a new precision dynamic model of stay cable via theoretical derivation and experimental study. According to the FEM model of stay cable with n degrees of freedom is in the following form, Quadratic transformation was used to explore the element stiffness matrix and mass matrix of stay cable based on energy theorem. Based on separation exponential term method, a new identification method for modal damping ratio of stay cable was established with the free vibration time history signals. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed dynamic model are numerically verified by using a stay bridge cable. The results show that the modal damping ratio error are less than 6% and the model built and the accuracy of the dynamic response analysis model of stay cable established by this method is very high.
GGDP Calculation and Application based on Shadow Prices
Authors: Zou Bin , Song Yiliang , An Hongjun , Li Youlin
Published: July 2023

As global climate and environmental issues continue to increase, Green Gross Domestic Product (GGDP) has become a more suitable indicator of economic health and development than Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This paper proposes a new climate-environment cost-based GGDP model in macro form, using shadow price that is more economically sound than existing GGDP models. We also introduce a new method called relation chain analysis to export the GGDP model to micro form. Our mathematical analysis predicts a positive impact of using our model on the global economy and climate.
Combined osteotomy of Luschka joint and posterior edge of vertebral body for the treatment of severe cervical spondylosis with intervertebral stenosis or osteophyte hyperplasia: a randomized trial
Authors: Yu Qiuyu , Ma Jun , Guo Zhongyi , Han Yaozheng , Su Lintao , Lei Changyu , Kang Hui
Published: July 2023

Background: Although ACDF is widely used in the treatment of cervical degenerative diseases, it cannot achieve adequate decompression for patients with severe intervertebral space stenosis or osteophyte hyperplasia. This study reports a modified technique of ACDF called anterior intervertebral osteotomy and fusion (AIOF) for the treatment of patients with this type of cervical spondylosis and compares its therapeutic effects with those of ACDF.
Methods: A total of 121 patients with symptomatic cervical spondylosis who had failed to respond to conservative treatment at least for 3 months were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups and treated with AIOF and ACDF, respectively. The effects of surgical treatment were analyzed by JOA score, VAS score, spinal canal area, spinal cord diameter and Cervical lordosis.
Result: 54 patients (44.6%) were included in the AIOF group and 67 patients (55.4%) were included in the ACDF group. AIOF group and ACDF group showed no significant differences in age, sex, follow-up period, blood loss. However, the long-term prognosis of patients in AIOF group was significantly better than that in ACDF group in terms of JOA score, VAS score, spinal canal area, diameter of spinal cord and cervical lordosis (p＜0.05).
Conclusion: The osteotomy of the Luschka joint and posterior edge of the vertebral body in AIOF can achieve the decompression of nerve roots and spinal cord safely and effectively. It is a better choice than ACDF for patients with severe intervertebral space stenosis and osteophyte hyperplasia.
Regional differences in Cloud characteristics at different depth, intensity and horizontal scale over South Asia during Indian summer Monsoon using CloudSat and reanalysis data
Authors: Kumar shailendra
Published: July 2023

CloudSat CPR is a mm wavelength (W-band) radar and suitable for measuring the cloud sized hydrometeors. It provides the two-dimensional attenuated correct radar reflectivity factor (Ze) and cloud mask value. We used these data to explore the cloud characteristics e.g., their vertical structure, top height at different Ze thresholds, total cloud width, intensity and horizontal span over South Asian regions during the Indian summer monsoon seasons (June-July-August and September) for the years between 2006 to 2018. We defined four types of the cloud systems based on Ze and height thresholds namely deep convective core (DCC), deep & intense convective systems (DCSs & ICSs), and cloud clusters (CCs). The characteristics of cloud systems depend the thresholds used in the present study. DCCs are the individual CPR vertical profiles, whose tops are crossing 12 Km altitude, with base height less than 3 Km. CCs are the continuous area of Ze (>-28 dBZ) with no constraint on their base and top height and Ze. DCSs are defined with a minimum cloud base height (CBH < 2 km) and maximum cloud top height (CTH > 8 Km), whereas ICSs consist of maximum Ze > 10 dBZ in the continuous area of Ze. The locations of the cloud systems vary based on their vertical depth, size and intensity. The major fraction of CCs is concentrated along the north-East part, Himalayan foothills and Indian west coast but DCCs are mostly observed at head of Bay, Bay of Bengal, Eastern Himalaya Foothills and Gulf of Thailand. However, DCSs are concentrated at the land dominated and topographic areas and are observed at the Myanmar, land area of north east, Himalayan Foothills, central India and Western Ghats. ICSs are concentrated along the Himalayan foothills and Western Ghats. ICSs have less horizontal span and CTH compared to DCSs, and reveals that in intense precipitation the rainfall is falling down at early stage which do not allow them grow more horizontally and vertically. It is very rare that cloud systems could be large as well as intense over the Western side/coast of India compared to eastern side/coast of India, where cloud systems could be intense as well large also. DCSs show that east-west differences in horizontal span not in CTH, whereas ICCs show the major difference in CTH, not in horizontal span of cloud systems. The oceanic cloud tops are characterized by the cloud sized particles, whereas land and orographic cloud tops are dominated by the precipitation-size particles. CCs at high latitudes do not develop much horizontally but, but they could be deeper and intense one. CCs over the oceanic areas are more horizontally developed, but with less CTH and intensity compared to land and orographic areas whereas CCs have less horizontal span but they are intense and deeper one.
Collision risk analysis of mega constellations in low Earth orbit
Authors: Ruan Yongjing , Hu Min , Yun Chaoming , Xue Wen , Huang Gang , Gao Zefu
Published: July 2023

The LEO megaconstellations have thousands of satellites, which operate on similar orbital heights. Because of increasing space debris, the satellites accelerate the growth of the number of space objects, increase the threat to their own safety and sustainable utilization of the space environment. This paper focuses on short-term collision probability and long-term collision probability calculation model for collision risk of mega constellations. On the one hand, aiming at how to solve the problem quickly and accurately for rendezvous collisions, a short-term collision risk evolution calculation model of LEO mega-constellation is established. By investigating the space collision target screening methods of large-scale satellites against large-scale space debris, including apogee–perigee filtering, time window filtering, space discrete volume element filtering and relative position filtering, the filtered target trajectory is fitted by Lagrange interpolation method to obtain the motion state at the closest time. Then, the collision probability calculation method of Laplace transform is used to calculate the collision probability of the target at the closest time. On the other hand, the long-term collision risk evolution model of LEO Mega constellation is established. By simplifying the model of debris and collision, we explore the calculation method of space object density, space debris attenuation model, space target disintegration model and the distribution of disintegration targets are studied. According to the way of space debris’ generation and extinction to calculate the change of space density. The collision probability between the satellite and space debris and space debris are calculated by using the calculation method of collision probability of particle-in-a-box (PIB). Finally, through the simulation of Starlink phase I constellation, results show that after the deployment of the Starlink constellation, the probability of a short-term collision in the constellation shell increases by 30–40%, the probability of at least one collision in the constellation lifetime is 70.2%, and the probability of a secondary collision increases by 25.3% after a collision. This study provides a theoretical reference for analyzing the orbital safety of the LEO mega-constellation, and provides a reference for the safe operation of spacecraft on-orbit and the sustainable development and utilization of space resources.
The potential for physical activity to alleviate hallucinations among adults with Charles Bonnet Syndrome
Authors: Hollis Jarrod , Bharwani Aliyah , Lindsay Rosie , Beukes Eldre , Smith Lee , Allen Peter
Published: July 2023

Charles Bonnet Syndrome is a condition in which people with vision impairment experience visual hallucinations. Although the syndrome is not well understood, recent research has suggested that physical activity may play a role in its management. A pilot survey investigated the relationship between physical activity, sleep and hallucinations in 29 individuals with Charles Bonnet Syndrome. Fifty-five percent of the respondents reported that they did not notice whether physical activity made any difference to the frequency and/or duration of their hallucinations. Nevertheless, provisional analysis suggested that people who attained the World Health Organisation’s recommended levels of physical activity reported fewer hallucinations. Reinforcing that physical activity may be useful to patients with Charles Bonnet Syndrome as a strategy for reducing their experiences of hallucinations. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of these relationships and to determine the optimal levels and types of physical activity for managing symptoms in each individual.
Salicylic acid-induced impact on fluorescence kinetics, antioxidant properties, and growth of Amaranthus plant.
Authors: Kumar Arun , Yadav Pradeep Kumar , Singh Anita
Published: July 2023

Plants are unable to grow at their full potential under different environmental stress conditions which could lead to decreased crop productivity. To improve the growth of the plants in such situations, application of fertilizers and agrochemicals are employed by the farmers. However, the application of phytohormones is still under exploration. In this context, in the present study, salicylic acid with different doses (5 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 50 µM, and 100 µM) have been used for the foliar application at four days intervals three times to grow Amaranthus plants in pot soil under natural weather conditions. Among all the treated plants it was observed that among all the doses, at 10µM SA there was the maximum increase in the total plant length, leaf number, and fresh biomass by 23%, 16%, and 34%, respectively. The values of the chlorophyll fluorescence matrix also showed a beneficial impact of salicylic acid only up to 20 µM of SA. Further, the level of oxidative biomarkers including SOR and MDA reduced up to 20 µM of SA but H2O2 showed an increasing trend in a dose-dependent manner. To counterbalance the oxidative biomarkers, the application of salicylic acid increased the activities of SOD, POD, APX, and elemental uptake (Ca, Mg, Zn) concentration-wise. However, among the different antioxidative enzymes, CAT showed a different trend by decreasing their activities with increasing doses of salicylic acid. Exogenous salicylic acid also reduced the level of oxalic acid and increased the level of endogenous salicylic acid. Therefore, among the different doses, the lower dose particularly the 10 µM showed a better biomass allocation and qualitative attributes over the control plants. This study would provide a sustainable strategy where the appropriate dose of salicylic acid could be applied to support the plant metabolism in the presence of any stress conditions.
Reasons for Underutilization of Community Care Facilities for the Elderly in China
Authors: Zhang Hengyuan , Zhang Sifeng
Published: July 2023

Background
China’s government has invested a great deal of resources to improve the coverage rate of community care facilities for the elderly. However, the facilities that have been built are underutilized.
Methods
Referring to the Anderson model, a framework for analyzing the utilization of community care facilities for the elderly was constructed. Descriptive statistics on survey data from 17 communities demonstrated the status of the utilization, and binary logistic regression analysis examined the influencing factors of the utilization.
Results
Built community care facilities for the elderly are underutilized and there are significant differences in the influencing factors of the utilization between daily care facilities, medical care facilities, recreation facilities, and spiritual comfort facilities.
Conclusions
The main reasons for the underutilization are as follows: (1) the construction of facilities did not meet the diverse needs of the elderly; (2) insufficient enabling resources constrained the demand for facilities; (3) there was a mismatch between facilities' supply structure and demand structure; (4) the community care facilities are highly substitutable; (5) the pressure of bureaucracy restricts the development of facilities. To address the underutilization of community care facilities, it is recommended to clarify the community responsibility boundaries for elderly care and the role that the market plays in community care facilities for the elderly.
Extracorporeal circulation through peripheral vascular successful rescue Abdominal Aortic Iatrogenic Injury During Total en bloc Spondylectomy for L4 Ewing’s sarcoma: A Case Report
Authors: Qiao Xiaochen , Tian Zhi , Li Xiaoyan , Bai Junjun , Lv Jia , Zhang Kun , Yan Lei , Guo Guangwei , Qin Wenyan , Yan Sheng , Shen Sugang , Li Qiang , Lv Zhi , Feng Yi
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Abdominal aortic iatrogenic injury can result in massive hemorrhage and is a potentially fatal complication of total en-bloc spondylectomy surgery (TES) for primary malignant spinal tumors (PMST). Currently, there is no definite management for this complication. We report a case of a patient with abdominal aorta iatrogenic injury at the intervertebral disc of lumbar 3 (L3) to lumbar 4 (L4) level during TES performed via a posterior approach. Fortunately, our patient had a good outcome with prompt intervention.
Patient concerns:
A 16-year-old male was admitted to our department with a chief complaint of low lumbar pain, especially pain at night, since the past 6 months.
Diagnosis:
PMST at L4 (Ewing's sarcoma) with abdominal aorta iatrogenic injury at the L3 − L4 level that occurred during TES that was performed via a posterior approach.
Interventions and outcomes:
Multi-disciplinary treatment (MDT), including extracorporeal circulation (ECC) through the peripheral vasculature, was immediately performed to allow for the suturing of the abdominal aortic injury. After the abdominal aorta iatrogenic injury repair, the patient’s hemodynamic parameters stabilized. Two weeks later, TES was reattempted and successfully performed for L4 PMST.
Conclusion
Intraoperative vascular injury during posterior TES is rare; however, it cannot be avoided with surety since the anterior vertebral manipulation during TES is performed blindly. This complication is often lethal and not diagnosed. Consequently, surgeons must have a wide knowledge of the lumbar spine anatomy and its surrounding structures and conduct a detailed preoperative radiological assessment of the tumor and its surrounding structure. Furthermore, the surgeon should be aware of the risk of vascular injury and familiar with its clinical characteristics for prompt and effective diagnosis and intervention once an injury is suspected to avoid serious consequences. For abdominal aortic injury, the immediate establishment of ECC through peripheral vasculature to suture the vascular laceration may be a quick, safe, and effective management.
Mirror, mirror on my screen: Focus on self-presentation on social media is associated with perfectionism and eating disturbance among adolescents. Results from the “LifeOnSome”-study.
Authors: Danielsen Hilde Einarsdatter , Finserås Turi Reiten , Andersen Amanda Iselin Olesen , Hjetland Gunnhild Johnsen , Woodfin Vivian , Skogen Jens Christoffer
Published: July 2023

Background Social media use, perfectionism, and eating disturbances have all increased over the last decades. Some studied indicate that there is a relationship between being exposed to others self-presentation on social media and eating disturbances. Studies also show that the relationship between focus on self-presentation and highly visual social media is stronger than for non-visual social media, hence facilitating upward social comparison. Nevertheless, no previous studies have investigated the link between adolescents focus on their own self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media, and perfectionism and eating disturbances, which is the aim of the present study.Method The present study is based on a cross-sectional survey from the “LifeOnSoMe”-study (N = 3725), conducted in 2020 and 2021. Respondents were high school students (mean age 17.3 years, 55% females) in Bergen, Norway. Multiple regression analysis was performed where SPAUSCIS, a measure of self-presentation and upward social comparison, was the independent variable. Perfectionism, eating disturbance and self-reported eating disorder were dependent variables. Self-reported age, gender, and subjective socioeconomic status were used as covariates, as well as frequency and duration of social media use. Regression models were performed to compare proportions across the median split of SPAUSCIS, and potential gender-moderation were assessed for the associations with perfectionism and eating disturbance.Results The multiple regression analysis showed that increased focus on self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media were positively associated with both perfectionism (standardised coefficient 0.28) and eating disturbance. A stronger association for girls than boys was found for eating disturbance (standardised coefficient 0.39 for girls and 0.29 for boys). There was no gender moderation for perfectionism.Conclusions Findings suggest that focus on self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media is associated with perfectionism, eating disturbance and eating disorder. We recommend promoting a healthy use of social media. This could be established through increasing adolescents’ ability to reflect on and think critically about self-presentation and upward social comparison on social media.