bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social defeat stimulates local glucocorticoid regeneration in lymphoid organs
Authors: Ergang Peter , Mikulecká Anna , Vodicˇka Martin , Vagnerová Karla , Mikšík Ivan , Pácha Jirˇí
Published: November 2018

Stress is an important risk factors for human diseases. It activates the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and increases plasma glucocorticoids, which are powerful regulators of immune system. The response of the target cells to glucocorticoids depends not only on the plasma concentrations of cortisol and corticosterone but also on their local metabolism. This metabolism is catalyzed by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases type 1 and 2, which interconvert glucocorticoid hormones cortisol and corticosterone and their 11-oxo metabolites cortisone and 11-dehydrocorticosterone. The goal of this study was to determine whether stress modulates glucocorticoid metabolism within lymphoid organs – the structures where immune cells undergo development and activation. Using the resident-intruder paradigm, we studied the effect of social stress on glucocorticoid metabolism in primary and secondary lymphoid organs of Fisher 344 (F344) and Lewis (LEW) rats, which exhibit marked differences in their HPA axis response to social stressors and inflammation. We show that repeated social defeat increased the regeneration of corticosterone from 11-dehydrocorticosterone in the thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymphatic nodes (MLN). Compared with the F344 strain, LEW rats showed higher corticosterone regeneration in splenocytes of unstressed rats and in thymic and MLN mobile cells after stress but corticosterone regeneration in the stroma of all lymphoid organs was similar in both strains. Inactivation of corticosterone to 11-dehydrocorticosterone was found only in the stroma of lymphoid organs but not in mobile lymphoid cells and was not upregulated by stress. Together, our findings demonstrate the tissue- and strain-dependent regeneration of glucocorticoids following social stress.
Virilising ovarian tumors: a single-center experience
Authors: Sehemby Manjeetkaur , Bansal Prachi , Sarathi Vijaya , Kolhe Ashwini , Kothari Kanchan , Jadhav-Ramteke Swati , Lila Anurag R , Bandgar Tushar , Shah Nalini S
Published: November 2018

Literature on virilising ovarian tumors (VOTs) is limited to case reports and series reporting single pathological type. We have analyzed the clinical, hormonal, radiological, histological, management and outcome data of VOT. This retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary health care center from Western India. Consecutive patients with VOT presenting to our endocrine center between 2002 and 2017 were included. Our study included 13 patients of VOT. Out of 13 patients, two were postmenopausal. All patients in the reproductive age group had secondary amenorrhea except one who presented with primary amenorrhea. Modified F and G score (mFG) at presentation was 24 ± 4.3 and all patients had severe hirsutism (mFG ≥15). Change in voice (n = 11) and clitoromegaly (n = 7) were the other most common virilising symptoms. Duration of symptoms varied from 4 to 48 months. Median serum total testosterone level at presentation was 5.6 ng/mL with severe hyperandrogenemia (serum testosterone ≥2 ng/mL) but unsuppressed gonadotropins in all patients. Transabdominal ultrasonography (TAS) detected VOT in all except one. Ten patients underwent unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy whereas three patients (peri- or postmenopausal) underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Seven patients had Sertoli Leydig cell tumor, three had steroid cell tumor and two had Leydig cell tumor and one had miscellaneous sex cord stromal tumor. All patients had normalization of serum testosterone after tumor excision. In conclusion, VOTs present with severe hyperandrogenism and hyperandrogenemia. Sertoli Leydig cell tumor is the most common histological subtype. Surgery is the treatment of choice with good surgical outcome.
Early menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Anagnostis Panagiotis , Christou Konstantinos , Artzouchaltzi Aikaterini-Maria , Gkekas Nifon K , Kosmidou Nikoletta , Siolos Pavlos , Paschou Stavroula A , Potoupnis Michael , Kenanidis Eustathios , Tsiridis Eleftherios , Lambrinoudaki Irene , Stevenson John C , Goulis Dimitrios G
Published: November 2018

Objective/Design

Menopausal transition has been associated with a derangement of glucose metabolism. However, it is not known if early menopause (EM, defined as age at menopause <45 years) or premature ovarian insufficiency (POI, defined as age at menopause <40 years) are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To systematically investigate and meta-analyze the best evidence regarding the association of age at menopause with the risk of T2DM.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, CENTRAL and Scopus, up to January 31, 2018. Data are expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The I
2 index was employed for heterogeneity.

Results

Thirteen studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis (191 762 postmenopausal women, 21 664 cases with T2DM). Both women with EM and POI were at higher risk of T2DM compared with those of age at menopause of 45–55 years (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04–1.26, P = 0.003; I
2: 61%, P < 0.002 and OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.03–2.19, P = 0.033; I
2: 75.2%, P < 0.003), respectively). Similar associations emerged when women with EM and POI were compared with those of age at menopause >45 years (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01–1.20, P < 0.02; I
2: 78%, P < 0.001 and OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.03–2.27, P = 0.035; I
2: 78%, P < 0.001), respectively).

Conclusions

Both EM and POI are associated with increased risk of T2DM.
Epiregulin induces leptin secretion and energy expenditure in high-fat diet-fed mice
Authors: Yasmeen Rumana , Shen Qiwen , Lee Aejin , Leung Jacob H , Kowdley Devan , DiSilvestro David J , Xu Lu , Yang Kefeng , Maiseyeu Andrei , Bal Naresh C , Periasamy Muthu , Fadda Paolo , Ziouzenkova Ouliana
Published: November 2018

Adipokine leptin regulates neuroendocrine circuits that control energy expenditure, thermogenesis and weight loss. However, canonic regulators of leptin secretion, such as insulin and malonyl CoA, do not support these processes. We hypothesize that epiregulin (EREG), a growth factor that is secreted from fibroblasts under thermogenic and cachexia conditions, induces leptin secretion associated with energy dissipation. The effects of EREG on leptin secretion were studied ex vivo, in the intra-abdominal white adipose tissue (iAb WAT) explants, as well as in vivo, in WT mice with diet-induced obesity (DIO) and in ob/ob mice. These mice were pair fed a high-fat diet and treated with intraperitoneal injections of EREG. EREG increased leptin production and secretion in a dose-dependent manner in iAb fat explants via the EGFR/MAPK pathway. After 2 weeks, the plasma leptin concentration was increased by 215% in the EREG-treated group compared to the control DIO group. EREG-treated DIO mice had an increased metabolic rate and core temperature during the active dark cycle and displayed cold-induced thermogenesis. EREG treatment reduced iAb fat mass, the major site of leptin protein production and secretion, but did not reduce the mass of the other fat depots. In the iAb fat, expression of genes supporting mitochondrial oxidation and thermogenesis was increased in EREG-treated mice vs control DIO mice. All metabolic and gene regulation effects of EREG treatment were abolished in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Our data revealed a new role of EREG in induction of leptin secretion leading to the energy expenditure state. EREG could be a potential target protein to regulate hypo- and hyperleptinemia, underlying metabolic and immune diseases.
Connexin hemichannels and cell death as measures of bovine COC vitrification success
Authors: Szymańska Katarzyna Joanna , Ortiz-Escribano Nerea , Van den Abbeel Etienne , Van Soom Ann , Leybaert Luc
Published: November 2018

Vitrification of immature germinal vesicle-stage oocytes is a promising method in assisted reproduction but is associated with reduced developmental potential and low birth rates. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) express several connexins that form hexameric hemichannels, which interact head to head to create a gap junction or exist as unopposed free hemichannels. The latter are normally closed but open under stress conditions and may exert detrimental effects. We determined whether minimizing hemichannel opening and cell death during vitrification could improve COC quality. Bovine immature COCs underwent vitrification, storage and warming, followed by dye uptake to assess hemichannel opening and TUNEL staining to detect cell death. Based on these scores, we optimized the procedure by tuning the equilibration time, temperature, cryoprotectant concentration and extracellular Ca2+ concentration and assessed its impact on maturation, cleavage and blastocyst formation after parthenogenetic activation. We found that the major stressor resides in the cooling/warming phase of the vitrification procedure and observed that hemichannel opening and cell death in cumulus cells measure different aspects of cell stress. Optimization of the hemichannel and cell death readouts demonstrated that combined minimal hemichannel opening/cell death gave the highest cleavage rates but had no effect on maturation and blastocyst formation. Neither hemichannel nor cell death optimization performed better than the non-optimized protocol, leading to the conclusion that cell stress factors other than those detected by hemichannel dye uptake or TUNEL positivity are involved.
Barriers and Facilitators to Asthma Care After Hospitalization as Reported by Caregivers, Health Providers, and School Nurses
Authors: Parikh Kavita , Paul Jahmeilia , Fousheé Naja , Waters Damian , Teach Stephen J. , Hinds Pamela S.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES:

To develop a comprehensive understanding of the barriers and/or facilitators for asthma management for the health professionals and caregivers of children with >1 hospitalization.

METHODS:

Individual interviews were conducted with family caregivers and health professionals. Focus groups were conducted with school nurses. The interview and focus group guide were used to probe for barriers and facilitators of asthma management. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded by using qualitative software. Themes were identified by using content analysis in the interviews and descriptive qualitative analysis in the focus groups.

RESULTS:

Caregivers (n = 10), asthma educators (n = 4), physicians (n = 4), and a payer (n = 1) were individually interviewed. School nurses were interviewed via a focus group (n = 10). Children had a median age of 7 years, mean length of stay of 1.9 days, and 56% had a previous hospitalization in the previous 12 months. The “gaps in asthma knowledge” theme (which includes an inadequate understanding of asthma chronicity, activity restrictions, and management with controller medications) emerged as a theme for both caregivers and health professionals but with different health beliefs. School nurses reinforced the difficulty they have in managing children who have asthma in schools, and they identified using the asthma action plan as a facilitator.

CONCLUSIONS:

Caregivers and health professionals have different health beliefs about asthma knowledge, which raises challenges in the care of a child who has asthma. In addition, school nurses highlight specific barriers that are focused on medication use in schools. A comprehensive understanding of the barriers and facilitators of asthma management that families experience after hospital discharge is crucial to design better efforts to support families.
Steppe rodents at the edge of their range: A case study of Spalax microphthalmus in the north of Ukraine
Authors: Zagorodniuk I. , Korobchenko M. , Parkhomenko V. , Barkaszi Z.
Published: November 2018

Based on results obtained during 2000–2018 by field research, polls of colleagues, and OSINT analysis, features of distribution of the greater mole rat Spalax microphthalmus in the eastern forest steppe of Ukraine were considered. The studied part of the species’ range is unique and represents the northern range edge of the entire Spalacidae family and of European steppe faunal assemblages in general. In total, data on 146 record localities were amassed, including 13 localities in the fragmented and 133 in the continuous part of the range. The offshoots of the Central Russian Upland in the valley of the Psel river (east of Sumy Oblast) are the sites with the highest density of settlements, while the species’ type biotopes are steppe balka slopes. The abundance of the greater mole rat decreased from the east to the west, and its colonies are the most fragmented along the Dnipro River. The species occurs in steppe and meadow habitats of an area of at least 20–50 ha. Analysis of the current and former distribution of the greater mole rat revealed that the species range contracts from the west; earlier it was a common species in different regions of the Middle Dnipro Area (including Kyiv city), but the current range edge runs along the line connecting Buryn – Nedryhailiv – Lokhvytsia – Myrhorod – Hadiach – Zinkiv – Zaliznychne. Isolated settlements exist in adjacent territories, particularly in Ichnia Raion of Chernihiv Oblast, and Lubny, Khorol, and Kobeliaky Raions of Poltava Oblast. The study showed that the species’ range contracted by two times to 35,000 km2 for the last 100 years, which includes only 430,000 ha of suitable habitats (15% of the range), allowing the existence here of 86,000–215,000 individuals. In fact, the species remained only in habitats that have been minimally affected by arable farming and other forms of active agricultural use. Besides, the species shows a clear confinement to habitats located near human settlements such as untilled lands, pastures with moderate grazing, waste and neglected lands, which constitute a separate group of transformed and semi-natural habitats. Formally, this allows the greater mole rat to be considered as a synanthropic species, because its inhabited biotopes, beside the zone of offshoots of the Central Russian Upland, have remained only near villages and along roads. The species also has an important biocoenotic role due to its burrowing activity and as prey of predatory birds (e.g., of the long-legged buzzard and Eurasian eagle owl) and mammals. The feeding period of the offspring of these predators generally coincides with the aboveground activity of mole rats, which lasts during May–July with a peak in June. Aboveground activity is mainly related to the resettlement of mole rats to new sites and dispersal of the young, due to which they became victims of predators.
Temperature characteristics of peptidase in chironomid larvae, potential fish prey, at various pH values
Authors: Kuz’mina V. V. , Chornaya E. Y. , Skvortsova E. G. , Kulivatskaya E. A. , Sheptitskiy V. A.
Published: November 2018

The temperature dependence of casein- and hemoglobinlytic peptidases functioning in the whole organism of chironomid larvae Chironomus plumosus, food objects of adult benthophages and juvenile fish of various ecological groups, was studied within the temperature range of 0–70 ºС at different рН values (3.0, 5.0 and 7.4). The method of mixed samples was used to determine the activity and characteristics of enzymes. Homogenates of previously crushed and carefully mixed dozens of larvae were used as enzymatically active preparations. Activity of peptidases was assayed by the increase in tyrosine concentration using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. It is shown that the activity of peptidases that function in the tissues of chironomid larvae depends to a considerable extent on temperature and рН, but the pH has a smaller effect on the activity and the temperature dependence of casein- and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases than temperature. The temperature optimum of the studied peptidases of chironomid larvae corresponds to 40 ºС. The Q10 values in the zone of vital temperatures are slightly changed. They are, as a rule, increased in the zone of 30–40 ºС, and are sharply decreased in the zone of high temperatures. The values of activation energy of the process of hydrolysis of casein and hemoglobin in the zone of low and high temperatures are different. The Еact values of the process of hydrolysis of casein and hemoglobin at a temperature not exceeding 20 ºС are usually below those in the zone of higher temperatures (except for hemoglobin-lytic peptidases at pH 5.0). The data obtained indicate a significant effect of pH not only on the activity, but also on the temperature characteristics of peptidases that function in the body of chironomid larvae. Differences in the characteristics of casein- and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases in chironomid larvae at different temperatures and pH can influence the digestion in benthophages and fry of all fish species.
Diversity and structure of avian communities in extensive lowland pine forests in relation to the distance from the forest edge
Authors: Kopij G.
Published: November 2018

Most studies on edge effect are related to the forest-field edge, i.e. to the ecotone. However, there is a lack of studies attempting to investigate the effect of the distance from the forest/field edge on the avian communities in large continuous forests. The purpose of this study was to investigate this issue. The study area comprised a continuous coniferous forest, the so called Niemodlin Forest, situated in Opole Silesia, SW Poland. The line transect method has been employed in this study. In total, 54 breeding bird species were recorded. On particular 0.5 km section, the numbers varied from 34 to 48. Both the number of species and number of breeding pairs only slightly decreased with the distance from the forest/field edge. Overall, the differences between the mean densities of breeding species on 10 sections were not statistically significant. The Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs was by far the most numerous bird species, recorded as eudominant in 164 out of 165 sections. The Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita, Willow Warbler Phyloscopus trochilus and Blackap Sylvia atricapilla were dominants in all 10 sections, while the Blackbird Turdus merula dominated in nine (90%) and the Robin Erithacus rubecula in eight (80%) sections. The communal dominance slightly increased, but the number of dominant species and Pielou’s Evenness Index remained stable with the increase of the distance from the forest/field edge. While Shannon’s Diversity Index remained constant, Simpson’s Diversity Index decreased markedly with the increase in distance from the forest/field edge. The proportion of long-distance migrants slightly decreased, while that of short-distance migrants and residents remained constant with the increase in the distance from the forest/field edge. Strikingly, no such changes in the proportion of all feeding guilds were shown. More than half of all breeding bird species show a negative correlation between population density and the distance from the forest/field edge. The dominance of some species decreased with the increase of the distance from the forest/field edge: Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Starling Sturnus vulgaris, Blue Tit Parusa caeruleus, Raven Corvus corax, Wren Troglodytes troglodytes, Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus, and Wood Lark Lullula arborea. With the exception of the Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella, the clearcuts in this study, not only failed to increase, but most probably caused a decrease in the number of both species and individuals. It is because clearing not only creates edges, but also causes loss of forest habitat and often results in forest fragmentation. Edge and area effect may in fact interact, in such way that the edge effect may drive out the area effect, causing the increase.
Influence of lead salts on some morphological and physiological parameters of filamentous cyanobacteria
Authors: Galperina A. R. , Soprunova O. B.
Published: November 2018

In the conditions of a model laboratory experiment the influence of lead salts (an acetate and nitrate) on morphological and physiological parameters of filamentous cyanobacteria was studied. During the experiment we estimated features of formation of biomass, structure of trichomes, form and the size of cells, content of chlorophyll a, carotenoids and phycobiliproteins. It is noted that in the presence of lead acetate of up to 5 maximum allowable concentrations there is a formation of a biomass in the form of attached and free films, and presence of a nitrate form of lead at the same concentration promotes formation of filaments, fixed from one side. At the same time, the increase of concentration of both acetate, and nitrate forms of lead promotes formation of rarefied films of one layer multidirectional trichomes; to disintegration of trichomes on the fragments and separate cells united by an external mucilaginous envelope. Content of lead acetate in concentration of 15 times the maximum allowable concentration, and lead nitrate at 10 times the maximum allowable concentration leads to formation of abnormally long cells up to 10.0–10.5 µm long. It is established that lead acetate has a stimulating effect on formation of a biomass and synthesis of photosynthetic pigments. The biomass growth of up to 223.7% of the control was observed at concentration up to 15 times the maximum allowable concentration inclusive. The content of chlorophyll a grew by 30.6%, carotenoids – by 24.0% at one maximum allowable concentration. Lead nitrate stimulates a biomass gain much more weakly – up to 70.0% at 5 times the maximum allowable concentration and also has the expressed inhibiting effect on synthesis of photosynthetic pigments. Depression of concentration of chlorophyll a and carotenoids by 38.8% and 79.4% respectively was observed already at one maximum allowable concentration. The stimulating effect of lead acetate is noted on synthesis of phycocyanin (by 94.0%) and allophycocyanin (by 120.0%) in concentration up to 5 times the maximum allowable concentration; the stimulating effect of lead nitrate was observed on synthesis of phycocyanin (by 64.7%) in concentration up to 5 times the maximum allowable concentration and on synthesis of allophycocyanin (up to 140.0%) and on phycoerythrin (up to 228.0%) at concentration up to 10 times the maximum allowable concentration. Comparison of influence of various lead salts on filamentous cyanobacteria revealed a more expressed inhibiting effect of the nitrate form of lead in comparison with acetate.
Peyerimhoffia vagabunda – new sciarid species (Sciaridae, Diptera) for the entomofauna of Ukraine
Authors: Babytskiy A. I. , Zuieva O. A. , Bezsmertna O. O.
Published: November 2018

Peyerimhoffia vagabunda (Winnertz, 1867) is a widespread sciarid species (Diptera, Sciariadae) which occurs in 20 European countries and Asia (recorded in Kazakhstan, Altai, Primorsky Krai and China). Previously, P. vagabunda as well as the other species from the genus Peyerimhoffia Kieffer, 1903 was unknown to the Ukrainian entomofauna. In the framework of taxonomic and ecological research on Sciaridae in Ukraine some chorological and faunistic peculiarities of P. vagabunda have been studied. We collected material during expeditions and excursions in different biotopes of Ukraine from 2013 to 2018 by the method of non-count sweeping with an entomological net. Collected imagoes were placed into 5 ml vials with 76% ethanol. In the laboratory, the fixed material was dehydrated in absolute ethanol and mounted on slides in Euparal. We have found five new localities of P. vagabunda in three regions – Kyiv (one locality in the National Natural Park “Holosiivskyi”), Volyn (four localities in the National Natural Park “Tsumanska Puscha”) and Odesa (one locality in the National Natural Park “Tuzlovski Lymany”). All findings were registered in four biotope types: G1.A16 Sub-continental hornbeam-oak forests, E5.22 Mesophile fringes – post forest-felling mixed-species grassland, G1.95 Birch fresh and dry forests and G1.C3 Robinia plantations. Accordingly, in Ukraine we discovered three separate P. vagabunda populations located in Kyiv, Odesa and Volyn regions. Between the specimens from these populations we have detected some morphological differences. Male imagoes from Volyn and Odesa regions fully match previous descriptions of the species, but the specimen from the Kyiv population is somewhat different. Specifically this concern to the wing structure – the stM length of the Kyiv specimen is only a bit longer than the length of M-fork; one seta is present on the y; c is longer than was previously described and occupies 3/4w, but not 2/3w. Our discovery of P. vagabunda in Ukraine partially eliminates the disjunctive nature of the species’ range and implies its continuity. Imagoes of this species occur mainly in wet and shaded forests, but can enter the nearest coastal or ecotone meadows or penetrate caves. Our discovery of P. vagabunda in Ukraine is the first record of any Peyerimhoffia representative in our country. In Europe nine Peyerimhoffia species are known and they can potentially be detected in the territory of Ukraine. Considering this, a key to identification of these species is given in the article.
RISIKO DAN STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI UDANG VANNAMEI DI KECAMATAN BLANAKAN KABUPATEN SUBANG
Authors: Hartoyo Kania Larasati , Fariyanti Anna , Suharno Suharno
Published: November 2018

ABSTRAKKecamatan Blanakan merupakan salah satu lokasi produksi udang vannamei di Jawa Barat dan menjadi salah satu lokasi penerapan progam revitalisasi tambak vannamei. Budi daya udang vannameimemiliki risiko produksi yang berasal dari faktor internal dan eksternal yang dapat terlihat pada fluktuasi produktivitas udang vannamei antar petambak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis faktorfaktoryang memengaruhi produktivitas dan risiko produksi udang vannamei diKecamatan Blanakan. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan metodepurposive sampling sebanyak 70 petambak udang vannamei. Model Just and Pope digunakan untuk menganalisis risiko produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel-variabel yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas udang vannamei yaitu pakan, kaporit, bakteri, dan dummy musim. Variabel benur merupakan faktor yang meningkatkan risiko sedangkan bakteri, solar, dan dummy musim merupakan faktor yang mengurangi risiko. Petambak perlu berhati-hati dalam menentukan padat tebar benur pada setiap musim serta mengontrol penggunaan tenaga kerja untuk meminimumkan risiko produksi. Peningkatan pendidikan dan pelatihan diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan tenaga kerja dalam budi daya udang vannamei.Title: Risk and Improvement Strategy of Vannamei Shrimp Production In the Blanakan Sub-district Subang RegencyABSTRACTBlanakan sub-district is one of the region selected by Ministry of Marine and Fisheries to implement shrimp farm revitalization program and become one of the biggest vannamei shrimp producer in West Java Province. However, vannamei shrimp aquaculture also deals with production risk from internal and external factors indicated from fluctuations of each farmers’ productivity. The objectives of this researchare to analyze the factors influencing vannamei shrimp productivity and production risk in Blanakan sub-district. Data were purposively sampled from 70 vannamei shrimp farmers. Just and Pope model was used in production risk analysis. The results show that variables that would increase vannamei shrimp productivity are shrimp feed, disinfectant, probiotic, and season dummy. Variable of shrimp fry is risk inducing factors, while probiotic, diesel fuel, and season dummy are risk reducing factors. Farmers need to be careful in determining shrimp fry density on every seasons and controlling labor usage to minimize production risk. Education and training improvement are necessary to increase labors’ ability in vannamei shrimp aquaculture.
STRATEGI PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN SOMA PAJEKO DI KECAMATAN SALIBABU KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN TALAUD SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Salatan Siska , Manoppo Victoria E. N. , Darwisito Suria
Published: November 2018

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat nelayan soma pajeko di Kecamatan Salibabu Kabupaten kepulauan Talaud. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat). Analisis SWOT mempertimbangkan faktor lingkungan internal kekuatan (strength) dan kelemahan (weaknesses). Analisis ini didasarkan pada logika yang dapat memaksimalkan kekuatan (strengths) dan peluang (opportunities), namun secara bersamaan dapat meminimalkan kelemahan (weaknesses) dan ancaman (threats). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat yang paling tepat diterapkan untuk nelayan soma pajeko yaitu (1). Pembangunan/pengoperasian sarana prasarana usaha perikanan, 2) Memberikan akses modal pengembangan usaha, 3) Pendekatan akses perbankan 4) Kebijakan distribusi BBM khususnelayan 5) Pelatihan pengolahan ikan pasca panen, dan 6) Adanya diversifikasi pekerjaan pada nelayan disaat cuaca buruk/ tidak melaut.Title: Strategy for Empowering Purse Seine Fisher’s Community in the Salibabu District of Talaud Islands Regency, North Sulawesi ProvinceABSTRACTThis research aims to determine the empowerment strategy of Purse Seine fisher’s in Salibabu sub district of Talaud Regency. Data were analyzed using SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat). SWOT analysis considers the strength and weakness of internal environmental factor. This analysis is constructed upon logical comprehension to maximize the strengths and opportunities, but simultaneously minimize the weaknesses and threats. Results of the research suggests the most applicable empowerment toward Purse Seine fishers are: (1). development/operation of fishery infrastructure, (2) acces to business capital, (3) approach to banking access (4) distribution of fishery fuel policy (5) Post-harvest fish processing training, and; 6) Alternative income for the fishers during bad weather.
IMPLIKASI SISTEM BAGI HASIL TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN USAHA (Studi Kasus di Tambak Udang, Pantai Bayeman, Probolinggo)
Authors: Efani Anthon , Manzilati Asfi
Published: November 2018

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi implikasi sistem bagi hasil terhadap keberlanjutan usaha tambak udang. Dengan mengunakan pendekatan kulitatif, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem bagi hasil telah mendorong usaha tambak udang lebih sustain. Terdapat dua hasil yang menarik yaitu, 1) Sistem penggajian memberikan jaminan biaya hidup bagi keluarga karyawan; 2) Sebagai mitra, ada persentase tertentu dari keuntungan pemilik yang diberikan kepada karyawan. Hal ini membuat karyawan bekerja dengan giat untuk mempertahankan usaha agar tetap berjalan dan berkembang. Sistem ini menjadikan kegiatan usaha tidak perlu pengawasan berlebih dari pemilik tambak. Jaminan biaya hidup dan bagi hasil diharapkan akan mendorong keberlanjutan usaha budidaya udang.Title: Implication of Sharing System Towards Business Sustainability(Study in Shrimp Culture, Bayeman Beach, Probolinggo) ABSTRACTThis study aims to identify the implication of sharing system toward shrimp-culture business  sustainability. By using qualitative approach, the results show that sharing system has encouraged the sustainability of shrimp-culture business. There are two interesting results: (1) The payroll system gives a guaranteed living cost for employees’ family. (2) As a partner, there is a certain percentage of profit for employees. It leads the employee try hard to maintain the corporate to keep running and developing. This system makes business activities do not need excessive supervision from the owner. Living cost guarantee and expected return will encourage the sustainability of shrimp-culture business.
PERSEPSI DAMPAK COREMAP II TERHADAP EKOSISTEM DAN BIODIVERSITAS MASYARAKAT PESISIR EKOSISTEM DAN BIODIVERSITAS LAUT DI INDONESIA BAGIAN TIMUR
Authors: Muawanah Umi , Hidayat Sopian
Published: November 2018

ABSTRAKProgam COREMAP (Coreal Reef Rehabilitation and Mangement) dicanangkan untuk merehabilitasi dan mengkonservasi terumbu karang di Indonesia. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk membantu masyarakat menghadapi dua masalah besar di Indonesia yang dihadapi oleh nelayan yang tinggal di pulau-pulau kecil dan pesisir yaitu: pengentasan kemiskinan dan degradasi karang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi dampak program COREMAP II dari perspektif nelayan terhadap kondisi keanekaragaman hayati laut sebelum dan sesudah tahun proyek COREMAP II dengan membandingkan persepsi nelayan di daerah COREMAPII dan daerah control (Non-COREMAP II). Responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 684 rumah tangga nelayan di Indonesia Timur di Kabupaten Wakatobi, Pangkep dan Raja Ampat (sebagai situs COREMAP II), Muna, Makassar dan Kaimana (sebagai situs control). Survei yang dilakukan dari Januari hingga Maret 2016. Metode deskriptif stastik digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa menurut masyarakat pesisir yang kami survei, COREMAP II memberikan dampak positif terhadap kualitas dan biodiversitas ekosistem lautdibandingkan dengan wilayah Non-COREMAP II. Dampak positif ini merupakan salah satu pertanda bahwa program COREMAP II mempunyai potensi berkontribusi secara ekonomi dari perbaikan kualitas sumber daya perikanan dan ekosistem laut.Title: Coastal Communities Perception on the Impact of COREMAP II on Marine Ecosystem and Biodiversity in the Eastern Part of IndonesiaABSTRACTCoral Reef Rehabilitaiton and Management Program (COREMAP) was launched for reef  conservation and rehabilition in Indonesia. The ultimate goal of this program is to encourage the coastal communities against two major issues of coastal communities across Indonesia: poverty alleviation and reef resource degradation. The objective of this study is to evaluate COREMAP II impact on marine and fishery resource condition based on people’s perception before and after the COREMAP II by comparing people’s perception both in COREMAP II areas and non-COREMAP II areas (control group). Total respondents were 684 households from eastern part of Indonesia: Wakatobi, Pangkep and Raja ampat (COREMAP areas), Muna, Makassar and Kaimana (control areas). The survey was conducted from January to March 2016. Descriptive statistical analysis was used in this study. This study discovered thatbased on coastal communities’ perception, COREMAP II contributes to positive impact toward quality and biodiversity of marine ecosystem compared to non-COREMAP II areas. This result indicates that COREMAP II gives an economic potential contribution for the impovement of fisheries resources and marine ecosystem.
Landasan Ontologis dan Kualifikasi Makrifat Ibn ‘Atâ’ Allâh al-Sakandarî
Authors: Ghozi Ghozi
Published: November 2018

Employing qualitative approach, this article examines ontological foundation and qualification of the concept of ma‘rifah promulgated by Ibn ‘Ata’ Allâh al-Sakandarî. The concept of ma‘rifah of Ibn ‘Atâ’ Allâh deals with two things. The first is the spiritual condition of Sufi (the holy experience), i.e. an existential experience of a Sufi. The second is Sufi’s expressions in the form of symbols, gestures, and ta‘bîr (an expression born from spiritual experience). Ibn ‘Atâ’ Allâh itemized the latter category into two different conditions, namely in-consciousness condition and ecstasy (unconsciousness condition). The study finds that his concept of ma‘rifah can be ontologically categorized into three forms, namely spiritual experience, reflection of spiritual experience, and discourse of ma‘rifat Allâh. Within spiritual experience, a sâlik is immersed in witnessing (shuhûd) of God. This is the highest condition of ma‘rifah. In reflection of spiritual experience, a Sufi spontaneously and unconsciously expresses his/her thoughts due to the lavishness of unrestrained spiritual flavors. The discourse of ma‘rifat Allâh takes a safe position in the perspective of ordinary people by tying the ma‘rifah with sharî‘ah and morality (akhlâq). Borrowing Mehdi Heiri Yazdi’s terms, these there form are called mysticism, the language of mysticism, and meta-mysticism.
Transmisi dan Motif Pengajian al-Ḥikam Ibn Aṭā’ Allah al-Sakandarī di Pesantren Tambak Beras Jombang
Authors: Mas’ud Ali
Published: November 2018

The article seeks to reveal the transmission and motive of Ibn Aṭā’ Allah al-Sakandarī’s al-Ḥikam recitation in Pesantren Tambakberas Jombang under the guidance of KH. Jamaludin Ahmad. This study employs quantitative and qualitative methods. The qualitative method is used to describe the pattern of transmission of al-Ḥikam which has been carried out at Pondok Pesantren Tambakberas, while the quantitative one is intended to measure the perceptions of those involved in the recitation of the book in regard with Sufism and political motives that colored the transmission process. Non-parametric inferential statistics are used to measure such perceptions of motives. The recitation of al-Ḥikam constantly transforms the values of Sufism onto the pupils. It can be seen, for instance, within the illustration of such Sufism doctrines as seeking and earning money from lawful occupation, self-restraint from temptations of the world, helping other people, giving charity for the seek of God to face the hereafter life, prohibition of lavish life as it will be the greatest temptation to gain God’s blessing, performing continuous and sincere repentance (tawbah naṣūḥ), leaving any unlawfully vague matters (shubhāt), and living independently and abstinence-begging.
Intepretasi Ayat-ayat Teologis Muḥammad al-Shawkānī tentang Manusia, Wahyu, dan Iman
Authors: Kholid Abd
Published: November 2018

The article examines typological category of al-Shawkānī’s “theological product”, which cannot be categorized as a part of Sunnī. This view is hold by Muḥammad Ḥusayn al-Dhahabī and Muḥammad ‘Alī Ayāzī. Al-Dhahabī concludes that al-Shawkānī’s theological thought is seen as being Sunnī but his work, Fatḥ al-Qadīr, is classified as al-Zaydīyah. Ayāzī, on the other side, says that al-Shawkānī’s theology tends to be more similarly rational to al-Zaydīyah and al-Mu‘tazilah. The author seeks to discuss the issue by exploring al-Shawkānī’s interpretation of theological verses on free will, pre-destination, and the relevance of revelation and human’s ratio. This study finds that al-Shawkānī’s theological arguments tend to be closely similar to Ahl al-Sunnah’s theological doctrines compare to that of al-Mu‘tazilah and al-Zaydīyah although he surroundedly grew up among the very rational al-Zaydīyah. It can be observed, for an instance, in his view of human’s deeds which clearly indicates him as having close position to the thought of al-Māturidīyah Bukhāra. In terms of the relevance of human’s ratio and the function of revelation, al-Shawkānī’s theological arguments are harmonious with al-Ash‘arīyah’s ideology.
Integrasi Agama dan Sains Melalui Pemaknaan Filosofis Integrated Twin Towers UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
Authors: Huda M. Syamsul
Published: November 2018

The article discusses the Integrated Twin Towers paradigm introduced by Sunan Ampel State Islamic University (UIN) Surabaya. The paradigm promulgates an integrated pattern of Islamic studies and sciences as its epistemological basis and philosophical framework. It can be observed within the concept of knowledge development which focuses not only on religious knowledge but also pure scientific knowledge. This paradigm is considered an innovative-solutive scientific idea to bridge interrelated connection of religion and science. The study finds that the idea of the Integrated Twin Towers is epistemologically based on philosophical rationalistic-empirical and religious-normative foundations, which are integrated through Islamic studies and sciences or what so-called Islamic Humanities. The Islamic Humanities is centered upon the integration of Islamic knowledge, social and humanities, science, and technology. The paradigm puts religion and sciences within a harmonious and dialectic gradation point. One tower becomes a subject matter, while other becomes an approach. It also finds that this paradigm methodologically employs interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary methods or generally called multidisciplinary method.
Orientasi Local Wisdom dalam Kajian Filsafat Islam di Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam
Authors: Fauroni Raden Lukman
Published: November 2018

The article scrutinizes the study on the Islamic philosophy along with its dynamics within historical contexts. The dynamics of the Islamic philosophy have been, among other, caused by the debate between proponents and opponents within the field. This article finds and demonstrates a new trend within the study of the Islamic philosophy which focuses on local wisdom. The Department of Aqidah and Filsafat Islam (AFI/Aqidah and Islamic Philosophy) of State Islamic University (UIN) Yogyakarta focuses on the integration of studies on philosophy, Islamic theology (kalām) and Sufism functionally as analytical tools in dealing with contemporary problem of humanity. The Department of AFI of UIN Bandung puts emphasis on strengthening the Islamic philosophy which is oriented to the development of Sundanese and Nusantara philosophy. The Department of AFI of IAIN Surakarta, meanwhile, addresses its study toward the Islamic philosophy to develop the philosophy of Java Islam. The dialogue and intense interaction with local wisdom will strengthen the Islamic philosophy and help it finds its momentum to offer applicative and appropriate solutions toward contemporary national and humanity problems. The Islamic philosophy based on local wisdom will be also able to eradicate the radical trans-national ideology
AVALIAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO COM APLICAÇÃO DO INVERSOR DE FREQÜÊNCIA NO CONJUNTO MOTOBOMBA
Authors: Araújo João Alberto Borges de , Seraphim Odivaldo José , Siqueira Jair Antonio Cruz , Presenço Fernando , Caneppele Fernando De Lima
Published: November 2018

AVALIAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO COM APLICAÇÃO DO INVERSOR DE FREQÜÊNCIA NO CONJUNTO MOTOBOMBA  João Alberto Borges de Araújo1; Odivaldo José Seraphim2; Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira3; Fernando Presenço4; Fernando de Lima Caneppele41 Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Botucatu, SP,  araujo@fca.unesp.br2Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciëncias Agronömicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 3CCET – Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR4Faculdade de Ciëncias Agronömicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP                                                                                                      1 Resumo Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a aplicação do inversor de freqüência sobre os parâmetros elétricos e hidráulicos no manejo de um sistema de irrigação por aspersão. Utilizou-se de um sistema de bombeamento convencional por aspersão com 4 linhas manejadas alternadamente, constando o manejo da abertura de 1, 2, 3 e 4 linhas simultaneamente. Posteriormente, no sistema convencional foi acoplado um sistema de acionamento com rotação variável, composto por um transdutor de pressão e um inversor de freqüência, os quais  atuaram variando a rotação do conjunto motobomba e adequando a pressão estabelecida em relação à variação de vazão requerida pelo sistema. Os resultados encontrados permitiram avaliar que no sistema com inversor de freqüência houve redução do consumo de energia e a pressão de serviço dos aspersores foi mantida, variando apenas a vazão requerida, conforme o manejo das linhas. UNITERMOS: manejo de irrigação, consumo de energia, parâmetros hidráulicos  ARAÚJO, J. A. B. de; SERAPHIM, O. J.; SIQUEIRA, J. A. C.; PRESENÇO, F; CANEPPELE, F. de L. EVALUATION OF A SPRINKLE IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH THE USE OF A FREQUENCY INVERTER DRIVE   2 AbstractThis work aimed to evaluate the use of a frequency inverter drive on the electric and hydraulic parameters of a sprinkling irrigation system management.  A conventional sprinkle water pump system with 4 alternate controlled lines, in which the opening of 1, 2, 3 and 4 lines occurred simultaneously; electric energy consumption and hydraulic parameters of the system were registered. Later on, this system was connected to a starting system with varied rotation, consisting of a pressure transducer and a frequency inverter drive, that made the water pump rotation vary and adapted the preset pressure in relation to f the flow variation requested by the system. Obtained results showed that, in the system with a frequency inverter drive, there was reduction of the electric energy consumption and the service pressure of the sprinkling was maintained, just varying the requested flow, for the simultaneous management of 1, 2 and 3 lines. KEYWORDS: irrigation management, energy consumption, hydraulic parameters
ANÁLISE DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA PELO ASPERSOR PLONA-RL250 EM SISTEMAS AUTOPROPELIDOS DE IRRIGAÇÃO
Authors: Prado Giuliani Do , Colombo Alberto
Published: November 2018

ANÁLISE DA UNIFORMIDADE DE APLICAÇÃO DE ÁGUA PELO ASPERSOR PLONA-RL250EM SISTEMAS AUTOPROPELIDOS DEIRRIGAÇÃO  Giuliani do Prado; Alberto ColomboDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, giulianip@bol.com.br  1 RESUMO Este trabalho apresenta características técnicas do aspersor PLONA-RL250 (vazão, raio de alcance e perfil radial de aplicação de água) e valores de uniformidade de aplicação de água, obtidos em simulações digitais, para o mesmo aspersor operando em sistemas autopropelidos de irrigação com diferentes combinações de ângulos de giro (de 180º a 360º) e espaçamentos de carreadores (de 50% a 100% do diâmetro molhado). Os valores de uniformidade foram apresentados em quatro grupos distintos, cada um dos quais contendo condições operacionais (bocal e pressão) que determinam a ocorrência de uma mesma forma geométrica (I, II, III ou IV) do perfil radial adimensional de aplicação de água do aspersor PLONA-RL250. Nos grupos I, II e III observou-se que espaçamentos de carreadores entre 80 e 90% do diâmetro molhado proporcionaram os maiores valores de uniformidade. Para o grupo IV, os maiores valores encontram-se entre 70 e 80% do diâmetro molhado. Em todas as formas geométricas do perfil, os melhores valores de uniformidade de aplicação de água foram obtidos com ângulos de giro do aspersor entre 210 e 240º. UNITERMOS: simulação, uniformidade de irrigação, ângulo de giro de aspersores.  PRADO, G. do; COLOMBO, A. ANALYSIS OF WATER APPLICATION UNIFORMITY FROM THE PLONA-RL 250 SPRINKLER IN TRAVELER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS  2 ABSTRACT This study presents measured performance data from an PLONA-RL250 sprinkler (discharge, radius of throw and radial water application profile) and water uniformity application values, obtained by digital simulation, from this same sprinkler when operating in traveler irrigation systems under different combinations of wetted sectors (from 180º to 360º) and towpath spacings (from 50% to 100% of the wetter diameter). Simulated water distribution uniformity values were presented in four different groups, according to the geometric shape (I, II, III or IV) assumed by the dimensionless sprinkler application curve, as determined by operating conditions (main nozzle diameter and pressure). For groups I, II, and III, it was observed that towpath spacings with values around 80 to 90% of the wetted diameter resulted on higher uniformity values. For group IV, higher uniformity values were obtained with spacings around 70 to 80% of the wetted diameter. For all geometric shapes (groups), the higher uniformity values were obtained with wetted sectors from 210 to 240o. KEYWORDS: sprinkler simulation, irrigation uniformity, sprinkler wetted sector