bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy–pain evaluation in pediatric age
Authors: Ferreira Christiana , Rezende Isabel , Guilherme Arminda , Lopes Inês
Published: January 2021

Background: Allergen-specific immunotherapy is a potentially disease-modifying therapy that is effective for the treatment of patients with allergic diseases. Although the pain caused by the administration of subcutaneous immunotherapy with allergens (SCITA) is considered to be minimal, no studies assessing that pain for the treatment of only pediatric patients have been reported. Objectives: This research aimed to evaluate the pain associated with SCITA for pediatric patients followed at our Immunoallergology Department.
Methods: During four consecutive weeks, the nurse who administered the injection completed a questionnaire recording the child’s assessment of the pain associated with SCITA; these questionnaires were randomized before any analyses were done. Two different pain evaluation scales were used, with the choice of scale being determined based on the child’s age: the self-reporting faces scale (score: 0–10; 5 to 8 years old) and the numeric scale (score: 0–10; >8 years old). Demographic and clinical data, as well as any adverse reactions, were documented.
Results: We included 46 pediatric patients (mean age: 12.3 ± 2.6 years; 69.5% male), most of whom were suffering from rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis and undergoing subcutaneous immunotherapy with mites. Seven local adverse reactions were recorded, and all were mild. Ten patients did not mention any pain associated with SCITA. Of the 36 patients who mentioned some pain, 33 mentioned mild pain (scores between 1 and 3); only three mentioned moderate pain (scores between 4 and 6). For both scales, the median score obtained was 1. The maximum pain reported had a score of 6. No significant differences were observed between different groups of patients.
Conclusions: In this study, SCITA was shown to be a mildly painful procedure that is associated with only a few local reactions. Therefore, SCITA should be considered as a safe option for the treatment of most pediatric patients suffering from allergies.
BCG immunization and COVID-19 disease association
Authors: Özdemir Öner
Published: January 2021

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Air quality and the COVID-19 outbreak in China
Authors: Gan Wen-tao , Zhou Meng-Yun , Cheng Yong-ran , Ye Lan , Chen Juan , Wang Ming-Wei , Feng Zhan-hui
Published: January 2021

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Microbiological Analysis of Wastewater of the Poultry Factory ZAO “Agrofirma Vostok” in Nikolaevsky District, Volgograd Region
Authors:   Volgograd State Agricultural University, Postnova Alina , Postnova Margarita ,   Volgograd State University, Sroslova Galina ,   Volgograd State University
Published: January 2021

Modern industrial poultry farming plays a huge role in providing the population with food. In this regard, such enterprises are characterized by high concentrations of poultry, clear rhythms, the flow of the technological process of raising and keeping poultry, which requires a large amount of technical equipment, and a consistently high output with a relatively low cost. These characteristics create preconditions for the spread of such enterprises, the improvement of the technology for producing poultry products, providing for the maximum use of all resources for their modernization and expansion. It should be borne in mind that with an increase in the scale of production at poultry farms, the amount of wastewater and various wastes will also increase, the main of which is poultry manure. The most widespread problem is the problem of the impact of poultry farming on aquatic ecosystems, which leads to the destabilization of the biosphere itself and the loss of sustainable integrity, as well as the ability to qualitatively restore the natural environment in certain regions of our country. Some regions of our country have significant changes in relief, the absence of vegetation, which excludes them from economic activities. With regard to the biological usefulness of poultry products consumed by the population, it is recommended to use products grown within a radius of 500 km from the place of residence in the corresponding climatic zone. Taking into account this fact, it is necessary to locate poultry farms directly near the residence of a potential consumer, while reducing the transportation of finished products across the country. In this work, a method has been developed for the use of microorganisms for the purification of wastewater from the poultry farm of ZAO “Agrofirma Vostok” in Nikolaevsky district of Volgograd region and the processing of organic waste in order to create an organic fertilizer for agriculture in the region.
A Shapley Value based Approach to Market Basket Analysis
Authors: Lakhotia Rahul , Goenka Pratibha
Published: January 2021

Market Basket Analysis is an interesting concept wherein a set of historical purchase data is studied extensively and data-mining techniques are applied to predict a user’s purchase behavior. In the resent times, every e-commerce giant, like Amazon, Flip-kart etc. are trying
to increase their sales by this technique. It has been found in study that when a user is purchasing an item then he/she might be interested in purchasing other items too. So, by analyzing this purchase behavior if we can recommend other products at the time of purchasing then that could increase
the sale and profit as well. Analyzing the correlation among the products by studying the purchase pattern and then finding the associated products is the main objective of Market Basket Analysis. Several algorithms have been developed to find the association among the products. But most of
the traditional algorithms are based on support value of the product. They do not consider another important factor i.e. the marginal contribution of the product. Considering this into account in this paper we are going to propose a Shapley Value based game theoretic approach for market basket
analysis. Shapley Value is a well-known solution concept in cooperative game theory. It gives the measure of marginal contribution of a player in a cooperative game.
A Study on Pollution Prediction and Prevention using IoT and Machine Learning
Authors: Roy Shamik Kumar , Mondal Sahitya
Published: January 2021

Climate change and Environmental Hazards has been burning issues all around the world. Air Pollution is a major contribution to the Environmental Pollution. Using Big Data and machine learning algorithm to formulate a solution to this burning global issue with an idea that applies techniques
of IoT (Internet of Things) and Data Analytics to predict and prevent air pollution substantially. In this paper the main concern is to judge different works which are related to the air pollution and prevention mechanism which will definitely help the researchers for this domain.
Variação do ângulo da câmera nas avaliações de amplitude articular por fotogrametria computadorizada
Authors: Costa Emanuelly Teixeira Barbosa da , Mota Fábio Cezar Bentes , Silva Rodrigo Luis Ferreira da
Published: January 2021

RESUMO A fotogrametria computadorizada tem se destacado como um recurso avaliativo não invasivo e de boa reprodutibilidade de resultados, contudo ainda carece de padronizações quanto aos parâmetros de sua aplicação. Este estudo comparou os resultados de análises fotogramétricas de amplitude articular obtidos a partir de imagens com diferentes inclinações da câmera fotográfica, em relação ao objeto (totalmente frontal ou 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20º, 25º e 30º). As imagens foram analisadas pela técnica da fotogrametria computadorizada e por seis examinadores que realizaram a quantificação de uma medida angular presente nas imagens. Os resultados demostraram que mesmo com uma variação de 5° de inclinação de câmera, observou-se a presença de resultados significativamente diferentes entre as avaliações, com a margem de erro aumentando, conforme se acentuou a inclinação da câmera.
Influência de uma sessão de exercício aeróbico submáximo e máximo sobre o transporte mucociliar e função autonômica em tabagistas
Authors: Trevisan Iara Buriola , Vanderlei Luiz Carlos Marques , David Renata Marques , Santos Caroline Pereira , Ramos Ercy Mara Cipulo , Ramos Dionei
Published: January 2021

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar e correlacionar o comportamento da depuração mucociliar e do sistema nervoso autônomo de fumantes após sessões de exercício aeróbico submáximo e máximo. Foram avaliados 25 fumantes e 15 não fumantes, entre 30 e 50 anos. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos ao teste do tempo de trânsito de sacarina (TTS) e variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) antes e após uma sessão de exercício submáximo (teste de caminhada de seis minutos) e máximo (teste de exercício cardiopulmonar). Teste t pareado ou Wilcoxon foi utilizado para análise intragrupos e o teste t não pareado ou Mann-Whitney para a análise intergrupos. A correlação foi realizada utilizando os coeficientes de Pearson ou Spearman (p <0,05). Houve redução significativa do TTS após exercícios submáximo e máximo em ambos os grupos. Após o exercício submáximo, ambos grupos apresentaram redução significativa do intervalo RR e aumento da FC em comparação ao repouso, no grupo de não fumantes houve reduções significativas nos índices RMSSD, HFms² e SD1. Após o exercício máximo, ambos grupos apresentaram reduções significativas no SDNN, RMSSD, intervalo RR, LF e HF, em ms² e un, SD1 e SD2, além do aumento da FC, LFun e da razão LF/HF. Houve correlação positiva entre TTS e LFms² (r = 0,520, p = 0,008) após o exercício máximo para o grupo de fumantes. Conclui-se que independentemente da intensidade do exercício aeróbio, houve um aumento na depuração mucociliar em fumantes, mas essa alteração parece ser influenciada pelo sistema nervoso autônomo apenas frente o exercício máximo.
O APRENDIZADO BASEADO EM PROBLEMAS (PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING - PBL)
Authors: Santos Silva Reis dos
Published: January 2021

Resumo: A educação médica permanece um desafio para professores, pesquisadores e planejadores de saúde. A sociedade atual, em permanente mudança, requer que profissionais médicos sejam tecnicamente competentes, humanos e capazes de resolver problemas em contextos situacionais diferentes. Tradicionalmente o ensino médico tem valorizado a memorização de fatos, tomando o aluno um recipiente passivo de informação. O aprendizado baseado em problemas (PBL), implementado há 20 anos na Universidade de McMaster, pretende tornar os alunos elementos ativos, independentes e responsáveis por seu próprio aprendizado, capazes de aplicar o conhecimento adquirido em situações práticas. A experiência de ensino se dá em pequenos grupos e o papel básico do professor é de facilitador. O grupo é exposto a um caso clínico e os participantes devem identificar tópicos de aprendizado e buscar informações. Mais do que o conteúdo, o processo de aprendizado é valorizado. Diversas pesquisas têm sido realizadas com o intuito de avaliar os resultados dessa estratégia educacional, hoje bastante difundida. Apesar de ainda não serem conclusivos, os estudos sugerem que PBL é uma experiência válida. A resistência à mudança e outras limitações devem ser consideradas para sua implementação.
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Authors:   Kyrgyz State Law Academy, Begalieva Gulzat , Alymkulova Asyl ,   Kyrgyz State Law Academy, Alymkulova Aisuluu ,   Secondary School No. 47 Bishkek
Published: January 2021

The article examines how DNA is arranged, how and where “genetic memory” is stored, and also what role nucleic acids play in the cell. Formation of the scientific picture of the organic world, the study and development perspective of cytology. Today, scientists believe that DNA not only determines how a person will be, but also how long he lives. The fact is that a cell dies when telomeres (segments of DNA on the edge of chromosomes), shortened with each division, become extremely short. If the scientists of the future (among whom you can be) learn to artificially lengthen telomeres, humanity may perhaps realize the dream of eternal youth.
O USO DE SUPORTES METODOLÓGICOS VIRTUAIS COMO UMA NOVA FORMA DE ENSINO HÍBRIDO
Authors:   UNIVERSIDADE DE FORTALEZA, ALMEIDA ANDREA CHAGAS ALVES DE , SANTOS BRUNA BATISTA DOS ,   UNIVERSIDADE DE FORTALEZA
Published: January 2021

O PRESENTE TRABALHO TEM POR OBJETIVO DESCREVER A CONSTRUÇÃO E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SUPORTES METODOLÓGICOS VIRTUAIS PARA O CURSO DE DIREITO DA UNIVERSIDADE DE FORTALEZA, ALIANDO O ENSINO PRESENCIAL AO VIRTUAL, COM O PROPÓSITO DE AUXILIAR NO APRENDIZADO DOS ALUNOS. O ARTIGO ABORDARÁ AINDA O ENSINO HÍBRIDO, A IMPORTÂNCIA DE INOVAR A EDUCAÇÃO E O USO DE ESTRATÉGIAS E ABORDAGENS ATIVAS NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM. COM ESSA PROPOSTA DE ESTUDO, FICA CLARA A NECESSIDADE DE SE PENSAR EM UM NOVO JEITO DE FAZER EDUCAÇÃO, PROPONDO AOS ALUNOS UM PROCESSO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM PERSONALIZADO E ALIADO ÀS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO
O IMPACTO DAS TECNOLOGIAS NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E AS MUDANÇAS PROVOCADAS NAS RELAÇÕES EM SALA DE AULA
Authors:   IFRN, PESSANHA JACQUELINE FERNANDES DE GUSMÃO NEVES
Published: January 2021

ESTE ESTUDO TEM O OBJETIVO DE REFLETIR SOBRE O IMPACTO NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE ADVINDO DO SURGIMENTO DAS TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO QUE VEM TRANSFORMANDO O MODO DE VIDA DAS PESSOAS E INTERVINDO EM TODOS OS NICHOS, ESPECIALMENTE NO SETOR EDUCACIONAL, A PONTO DE PROMOVER ALTERAÇÕES SIGNIFICATIVAS NA DIDÁTICA, PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS E METODOLOGIA DE ENSINO. COM O ADVENTO DA INTERNET, AS REALIDADES ESTÃO SE MODIFICANDO, O ACESSO À INFORMAÇÃO ATRAVÉS DA CONEXÃO COM O UNIVERSO VIRTUAL VEIO FACILITAR A VIDA DAS PESSOAS, O QUE VERIFICA-SE CLARAMENTE NA HISTÓRIA, COM A REVOLUÇÃO INDUSTRIAL A ASCENSÃO DO CAPITALISMO PELO MUNDO. OBSERVA-SE AINDA MUDANÇAS NO PERFIL COGNITIVO DO LEITOR, CONSUMIDOR E CONSTRUTOR DE TEXTOS E MÍDIAS QUE EMERGIU COM AS REDES DE COMUNICAÇÃO NO MUNDO, CONFORME DESTACA A AUTORA SANTAELLA, 2004, NA OBRA EM QUE IDENTIFICA A MULTIPLICIDADE DOS LEITORES, ENTRE ELES UM NOVO PERFIL, O LEITOR UBÍQUO. A NECESSIDADE DE INTERVENÇÃO E RESSIGNIFICAÇÃO DAS AÇÕES PEDAGÓGICAS, DA POSTURA DAS PARTES ENVOLVIDAS DENTRO E FORA DE SALA DE AULA E DA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE EM TODOS OS SEUS NÍVEIS, APONTAM PARA A NECESSIDADE DE INVESTIR NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DOS PROFISSIONAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO DE TODOS OS NÍVEIS DE ENSINO, BEM COMO NAS FORMAÇÕES DOS DISCENTES QUE IRÃO INGRESSAR NA DOCÊNCIA. DIANTE DESTA ÓTICA, OBSERVAMOS QUE A EDUCAÇÃO VEM SE RECONSTRUINDO DENTRO DA NOVA PERSPECTIVA E DIVERSIDADE DAS TECNOLOGIAS QUE SURGEM CONSTANTEMENTE E ASSIM O USO DE NOVOS RECURSOS DIGITAIS VEM ROMPENDO PARADIGMAS E PROMOVENDO MODIFICAÇÕES NO PERFIL DE PROFESSORES E ALUNOS EM TODAS AS ÁREAS. HAJA VISTA QUE OS EDUCADORES ESTÃO IMPLEMENTANDO FERRAMENTAS TECNOLÓGICAS NA ABORDAGEM DOS CONTEÚDOS E REPAGINANDO SUA FORMA DE ATUAÇÃO NO QUE TANGE A REPASSAR O CONHECIMENTO, ACABAM ASSUMINDO A FUNÇÃO DE MEDIADORES COM A RESPONSABILIDADE DE COMPOR, INTEGRAR, INTERAGIR E CONSTRUIR UM NOVO AMBIENTE CENTRADO NO CONHECIMENTO, ONDE O ALUNO TAMBÉM SE CONFIGURA COMO UM AGENTE ATIVO.
An examination of the relationship between secondary school students’ abstract thinking skills, self-efficacy perceptions and attitudes towards mathematics
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Ahmet , KARAŞAN Sinan , ŞAHAL Muhammet
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine whether there is a relationship between abstract thinking skills, self-efficacy perceptions and attitude towards mathematics and how these variables predict mathematics achievement. The study was conducted with 198 eighth-grade students who were selected by random sampling and the relational screening model was used. For data collection, the tools of “Abstract Thinking Test in Mathematics”, “Self-Efficacy Perception Scale towards Mathematics”, “Mathematics Attitude Scale” and Mathematics course notes of students were resorted to. According to the findings, it was concluded that there were significant relationships between students’ abstract thinking skills, self-efficacy perceptions and attitudes towards mathematics, and these variables explained 37% of the variance in mathematics achievement. There was no significant difference in mathematics achievement between the groups according to the type of school, while it was found that the scores of the students' abstract thinking skills, attitude towards mathematics and self-efficacy perceptions differed in favor of the students studying in non-boarding secondary school. In addition, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of students' mathematics achievement according to their boarding status. It was found that there were significant differences in terms of the other three variables. Suggestions were made to increase mathematics achievement, especially in boarding secondary schools, and it was also offered to increase the feasibility of the environment of the boarding secondary schools.
Study of hypoglycemia in neonates with low birth weight
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science, Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India, Acharya Dr. Ekta
Published: January 2021

Background and Aim: The maintenance of normoglycemia in newborns depends upon theadequacy of glycogen stores, maturation of glycogenolytic and gluconeogenic pathways, andintegrated endocrine response. The current study, therefore, proposes to observe the clinical profileof low-birth-weight babies concerning the occurrence of hypoglycemia. Materials and Methods:The neonates with a weight of fewer than 2500 grams were included in the study. A total of 100infants were included in the study. They were divided into two groups with infants withhypoglycemia in one group and infants with normoglycemic in another group. The aseptic conditionwas maintained and with the help of heel prick, the capillary blood was collected. The capillary bloodwas screened with the help of reagent strips. Results: Out of the total 100 neonates, a total of 76neonates were normoglycemic and 24 neonates had hypoglycaemic episodes. Overall 22 episodes ofhypoglycemia were recorded. There was no significant association between birth weight andepisodes of hypoglycemia. The majority of hypoglycaemic infants were male. Conclusion:Hypoglycemia associated with abnormal clinical signs (symptomatic hypoglycemia) has a poor short-and long-term outcome but evidence of risk in the absence of clinical signs (asymptomatichypoglycemia) is inconclusive. Small for gestational age is a significant determinant forhypoglycemia. Hypoglycaemic episodes were significantly noticed in the first 24 hours as comparedto another time interval.
The value of urinary uric acid and creatinine ratio in neonatal asphyxia
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, Gupta Dr. Nikhil , Bhambri Dr. Alka ,   Professor and Head of Department, Department of Pediatrics, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, Bhat Dr. Vedika A ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, Katyal Dr. Rashmi ,   Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, Saxena Dr. Shikha ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, Mishra Dr. Shashank ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: January 2021

Objective: The value of urinary uric acid and creatinine ratio in neonatal asphyxia. Method: This was a prospective observational study conducted over one year, on 45 newborns admitted in NICU with perinatal asphyxia. Cord blood from the umbilical artery was sent for pH analysis and urinary uric acid and creatinine levels were estimated in spot urine samples. Results: The urinary uric acid and creatinine ratio had a positive correlation with low APGAR scores at the 1st and 5th minute. Also, urinary uric acid to creatinine ratios was significantly higher in infants with severe HIE (3.18±0.61) when compared with infants of moderate HIE (2.19±0.32). It showed a significant negative correlation with pH of cord blood in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Conclusion: The urinary uric acid and creatinine ratio can be used as a supportive diagnostic test for early diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia.
Mid-upper arm circumference cut-off for detection of severe acute malnutrition in infants aged between one and six months
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Belagavi Institute of Medical Sciences, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, S.D. Dr. Jyothi , Bendre Dr. Spoorthi L. ,   Senior Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India, Desai Dr. Arunkumar S. ,   Former Head of the Department, Department of Paediatrics, Belagavi Institute of Medical Sciences, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
Published: January 2021

Objective: To find the MUAC cut-off for detection of severe acute malnutrition in infants between 1to 6 months of age. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study at IPD and OPD of atertiary care hospital. 303 infants between one and six months of age above the length of 45cmswere included in the study. In infants between one and six months of age, the length, weight, andMUAC were measured. SAM infants were identified using the WHO definition. Sensitivity, specificity,and Youden index for a particular MUAC was calculated in SAM infants. Results: 11cms was found tohave a sensitivity of 85.1% and specificity of 65.9%. It had the maximum Youden index of 0.55 witha positive likelihood ratio of 2.79 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.21. Conclusions: MUAC of11cms can be used as a cut-off for SAM infants between 1 to 6 months of age. MUAC does not varywith gender. Weight and MUAC are significantly lower in SAM infants. But there is no difference whenit comes to length as in acute malnutrition, the weight and MUAC are affected but length is not.
A novel RET gene mutation in a neonate with total colonic aganglionosis and renal agenesis: a case report
Authors:   DNB (Pediatric Surgery), Department of Neonatology, Ankura Hospital for Women and Children, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Goud M Dr. Ravi Teja , Kumar Dr. K. Lalatendu ,   Consultant Pediatric Surgeon and Pediatric Urologist, Ankura Hospital for Women and Children, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Banu Dr. S. Nasreen ,   Consultant Neonatologist, Department of Neonatology, Ankura Hospital for Women and Children, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Published: January 2021

Objective: To find the MUAC cut-off for detection of severe acute malnutrition in infants between 1to 6 months of age. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study at IPD and OPD of atertiary care hospital. 303 infants between one and six months of age above the length of 45cmswere included in the study. In infants between one and six months of age, the length, weight, andMUAC were measured. SAM infants were identified using the WHO definition. Sensitivity, specificity,and Youden index for a particular MUAC was calculated in SAM infants. Results: 11cms was found tohave a sensitivity of 85.1% and specificity of 65.9%. It had the maximum Youden index of 0.55 witha positive likelihood ratio of 2.79 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.21. Conclusions: MUAC of11cms can be used as a cut-off for SAM infants between 1 to 6 months of age. MUAC does not varywith gender. Weight and MUAC are significantly lower in SAM infants. But there is no difference whenit comes to length as in acute malnutrition, the weight and MUAC are affected but length is not.
THE IMPACT OF CHILDREN'S FEARS ON ADULT TOLERANCE
Authors: Potonska Olga
Published: January 2021

Objective: To confirm the impact of childhood fears on adult tolerance. Methods: questionnaire of the author on the childhood fears; MSTAT-I Tolerance Scale for Ambiguity of Several Types of Incentives; New questionnaire of tolerance for NTN uncertainty. Identified: classification and quantitative parameters of childhood fears; fears of social origin associated with tolerance of uncertainty. It is important to adapt quickly and make non-standard decisions to be successful in today's changing world. One of the main obstacles is the existence of stereotypes – a rigidly stable image of a person's consciousness in terms of objectively existing phenomena makes it possible to perceive the surrounding reality in a convenient form. Сhildhood fears are their basis. Despite this, a need for comprehensive research exists. The importance of the construct of tolerance for uncertainty (from now on referred to as TN) – the ability of a person to accept unknown information, resist the contradictions of information, and overcome conflict and tension arising in a duality situation is extremely increasing in modern psychodiagnostics. The uncertainty tolerant person is described as one who accepts the novelty and uncertainty of situations and can act productively in them. In contrast, the intolerant person is described as one who does not accept the novelty of situations, the world's diversity and is stressed when the possibility of multiple interpretations of stimuli. We view the tolerance of uncertainty as to the opposite of the stereotypical behavior from the psychological perspective. The scope of this publication is to show and substantiate the impact of childhood fears on adult tolerance. Further the development of this issue is important both in the theoretical context – for understanding the dynamism of the mind in the modern changing world, where uncertainty is a common condition for life, and in practical terms – for solving important problems of forming human tolerance social interaction.
USING SOCIAL MEDIA AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Yahiiaiev Illia , Novoselska Alina , Keller Vladyslava , Savych Marta
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the topic is related to the psychosocial consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to study the subjective well-being during the beginning of the pandemic and introduction of the quarantine measures and their connection to social media activity. The methods employed in the present study include various types of questionnaires, namely the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, Emmnos, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), and an original questionnaire developed to study the impact of the pandemic and the respondents' understanding and perceptions of it. The findings of the quantitative analysis show that the subjective well-being during the pandemic is connected to the use of social media, life satisfaction, health risks assessments and economic consequences, leisure time and the level of self-efficacy. A qualitative analysis indicates that at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine the negative predictions of the consequences of both the pandemic and the implemented quarantine measures prevail among the subjects. A longitudinal study during one month has found a reduction in health concerns, and respondents began to assess the threat to their health and economic consequences of the coronavirus pandemic as less serious than at the beginning. Thus, it can be concluded that from a short-term perspective the negative affect, especially the levels of fear and anxiety, decreased, whereas the level of the positive affect did not change.
Congenital dislocation of the knee: a morphological study
Authors: Kruglov Igor Yu. , Agranovich Olga E. , Rumyantsev Nicolai Yu. , Razmologova Olga Yu. , Kolobov Andrey V. , Omarov Gamzat G. , Kleshch Danil S. , Rumiantceva Natalia N.
Published: January 2021

Background. Congenital knee dislocation is a rare disease of the musculoskeletal system (1 in 100,000 live births). In the literature, few studies have described the anatomical changes characteristic of this pathology, which are only revealed during surgical treatment.
Aim. This study aimed to evaluate the pathomorphological features of the ligamentousarticular apparatus and thigh muscles with congenital knee dislocation on autopsy material.
Materials and methods. The study included two fetuses with bilateral congenital knee dislocation after spontaneous miscarriage at 18 and 20 weeks of gestation and one stillborn fetus with bilateral congenital knee dislocation at 29 weeks of gestation. The comparison group was composed of two fetuses after spontaneous miscarriages at 18 and 20 weeks of gestation and one stillborn fetus at 25 weeks of gestation without anomalies of the lower extremities.
Results. Various abnormalities and displacements of the anatomical structures, as well as degenerative dystrophic changes in the soft tissues during histological examination, were found. Pathomorphological changes in the control group were not detected.
Conclusion. Pathomorphological changes are the main manifestations of congenital knee dislocation in the studied fetuses.
Clinical and genetic characteristics and orthopedic manifestations of the Saul–Wilson syndrome in two Russian patients
Authors: Markova Tatyana V. , Kenis Vladimir M. , Melchenko Evgenii V. , Demina Nina A. , Gundorova Polina , Nagornova Tatyana S. , Dadali Elena L.
Published: January 2021

Background. SaulWilson syndrome (SWS, microcephalic osteodysplastic dysplasia) is a rare genetic variant of skeletal dysplasia and is determined based on the modern classification for thin bone dysplasias. To date, 16 patients with SWS from different countries have been identified.
Clinical cases. We presented the first description of the clinical and genetic characteristics of two Russian patients with SWS and compared them with published data. The main clinical manifestations of SWS are characterized by a combination of nanism and pathology of long tubular bones, spine, and eyes. Changes in the phenotype of patients in different age groups were analyzed.
Discussion. In the analysis of the clinical manifestations of the observed patients and patients described in the literature, typical dysmorphic features of the face and radiographic data help in the diagnosis of SWS upon clinical examination. In the majority of the described patients, the nucleotide substitution c.1546GA is the major mutation in the gene responsible for SWS, which leads to the replacement of the amino acid Gly516Arg in the protein molecule.
Conclusion. Based on the identified specific features of the phenotype of patients with SWS and the presence of a major mutation in the COG4 gene, a priority analysis of gene mutations is necessary. Orthopedic manifestations of SWS can lead to life-threatening conditions (cervical spine instability) and motor limitations (progressive osteoarthritis) and thus should be monitored dynamically.
Correlation between clinical and radiographic parameters of the feet in children with flatfoot
Authors: Sapogovskiy Andrey V. , Boyko Aleksey E.
Published: January 2021

Background. Flatfoot in children is one of the most common reasons for visiting an orthopedic specialist. The main criteria in determining various types of flatfoot are clinical (severity of arch flattening, hindfoot valgus, and degree of the foot dorsiflexion) and radiographic (angular values calculated from lateral and anteroposterior radiographs). The primary assessment of the degree of flatfoot is based on the clinical criteria. Detection of changes in the foot shape is the reason for the radiographic assessment.
Aim. This study aimed to determine and analyze the relationship between clinical and radiological parameters of the feet in children with flatfoot.
Materials and methods. The study group included patients with flatfoot observed in the outpatient clinic of H. Turner National Medical Research Center within the period from 2018 to 2020. The study population consisted of 30 children (53 feet) with flexible flatfoot and 65 children (111 feet) with flatfoot and short Achilles tendon. The patients were 10 (8.3; 12) years old. Clinical parameters (valgus value, longitudinal arch angle, and degree of foot dorsiflexion) and radiographic data (Kites angle, Mearys angle, calcaneal pitch, talotibial angle, longitudinal arch angle, talonavicular coverage angle, and forefoot adduction angle) were analyzed. Statistical differences were determined between groups of patients with flexible flatfoot and patients flatfoot and short Achilles tendon, and correlations between the studied parameters were identified.
Results. Strong correlations were revealed in the following pairs of criteria: lateral Kites angle and lateral Mearys angle; talotibial angle and lateral Mearys angle; radiographic longitudinal arch angle and lateral Mearys angle; talotibial angle and lateral Kites angle; foot dorsiflexion and foot dorsiflexion with great toe extension; and radiographic longitudinal arch angle and calcaneal pitch. Only moderate and weak correlations were found between clinical and radiographic parameters of the feet.
Conclusion. The relationship between clinical and radiographic parameters of the feet in patients with flatfoot is characterized by a moderate and weak correlation. Results suggest that the assessment of the clinical parameters of the feet in this population does not provide complete information about the degree of flatfoot.
Oxidative stress markers in liver in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats: effects of metformin and sitagliptin
Authors: ÇAKINA Suat , ÖZTÜRK Şamil
Published: January 2021

Purpose: This study aims at investigating the oxidative stress effect of antidiabetic drugs of Metformin (MET) and sitagliptin (STG) in the liver tissue of diabetic rats from streptozotocin (STZ). Materials and Methods: Thirty-five female Wistar rats (3-4 months old, weighing 200±25 g) were divided into five groups (with seven rats each) and treated as follows: control (Cont), streptozotocin alone (STZ), streptozotocin + metformin (STZ+MET), streptozotocin + sitagliptin (STZ+STG), streptozotocin + metformin + sitagliptin (STZ+MET+STG). Sitagliptin, Metformin, and combined metformin sitagliptin treated subgroups for four weeks. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) levels, and oxidative stress index (OSI) ratio were measured in rat liver tissue. Besides, cells undergoing apoptotic cell death were determined using the TUNEL technique through histopathological evaluation. Results: MDA, TAS, and OSI of STZ+MET+STG administered group decreased compared to STZ. TOS of STZ+MET+STG administered group decreased compared to STZ. Conclusion: In the experimental T2D model in rats, it shows protective effect when sitagliptin is used with metformin against oxidative damage in liver tissue caused by STZ.
Erken ve geç başlangıçlı intrauterin gelişme geriliğinin perinatal sonuçları
Authors: ALİYEVA Gülmira , SUCU Mete
Published: January 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı erken ve geç başlangıçlı İntrauterin gelişme geriliği (İUGG) perinatal sonuçlara etkisini ve aradaki farkları gösterilmesidir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamız retrospektif bir çalışmadır. Çalışmamızda 01 Ocak 2015- 01 Ocak 2019 tarihleri arasında İUGG tanısıyla takibe 334 hasta erken ve geç başlangıçlı IUGG olmak üzere alt gruplara ayrıldı. Gelişme geriliği tipi, tanı aldığı gebelik haftası, tahmini fetal ağırlığı (TFA), preeklampsi varlığı, Doppler bulguları, doğum kilosu, doğum şekli, doğum haftası, 5.dk Apgar skoru, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ihtiyacı kayıt edildi ve tüm bu parametrelerin yenidoğanın olumsuz sonuçlarıyla ilişkisi ele alındı.
Bulgular: Tanı konulan gebelik haftası ortalaması 30,9±4,5 (min-maks:18-39)’dır. Hastaların doğum haftası ortalaması 34,4±4,5 (min-maks:22-41)’dır. Hastalar tanı aldıkları gebelik haftasına göre <27+6, 28-31, 32-36, >37 hafta olarak dört grupta incelendi. Verilerimiz doppler bulgularının şiddeti ile perinatal sonuçların kötüleştiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Yine çalışmamız TFA<%3 persentil olmasının ve erken başlangıçlı IUGG olmasının fetüslerin perinatal sonuçlarını olumsuz etkilediğini gösterdi.
Sonuç: Geç başlangıçlı preeklampsi IUGG’li bebeklerin perinatal sonuçlarını olumsuz etkilememektedir fakat erken başlangıçlı preeklampsi yenidoğan morbidite ve mortalitesindeki artışa neden olmaktadır. Bu sebeple erken başlangıçlı preeklampsinin eşlik ettiği erken başlangıçlı IUGG’li hastalar daha yakından takip edilmeli ve perinatal morbidite ve mortalite için uyanık olunmalıdır.
A LITERATURE REVIEW ON OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA
Authors: Maulana Yudhi Dwi Fajar
Published: January 2021

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PERANCANGAN SISTEM BERBASIS WEB UNTUK MENGANALISIS ASOSIASI PERSEDIAAN OBAT-OBATAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA APRIORI (STUDI KASUS: APOTEK TONGKONAN TORAJA)
Authors: Rismayani Rismayani , Tandiar Brayens , Sandy Wilson
Published: January 2021

Apotek Tongkonan merupakan salah satu apotek yang berada di Tana Toraja, aktivitas persediaan obat-obatan di apotek Tongkonan semakin tinggi dan intens. Apotek Tongkonan Toraja dalam menjalankan aktivitasnya telah menggunakan teknologi komputer sebagai alat bantu penginputan dan pengolahan data. Walaupun hingga saat ini aktivitas pelayanan dan persedian obat-obatan belum mengalami kendala yang berarti, tentu keadaan ini suatu saat menjadi faktor penghambat dalam meningkatkan pelayanan seiring semakin banyaknya jenis item dan itemsets persedian obat-obatan yang terjadi dan tersimpan dalam kurun waktu tertentu. Adapun masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana merancang sistem data mining pada database persediaan item obat-obatan di apotek Tongkonan Toraja, bagaimana menerapkan algoritma Apriori untuk sistem persediaan obat-obatan di apotek Tongkonan Toraja dan bagaimana merancang sistem yang berbasis web untuk mempermudah pihak apotek Tongkonan Toraja dalam mengolah data persedian obat-obatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode algoritma Apriori untuk sistem data mining dengan teknologi yang berbasis web. Hasil dari penelitian adalah dengan adanya sistem yang berbasis web untuk pengolahan data persediaan obat-obatan di apotek Tongkonan Toraja maka dapat membantu mengolah data persediaan dengan baik dan dengan adanya data mining serta diterapkannya algoritma maka pihak apotek Tongkonan Toraja dapat mengetahui dan menentukan persediaan obat-obatan dalam kurun waktu tertentu, berdasarkan hasil pengujian fungsional sistem diperoleh hasil yang valid.
The importance of circulating tumor markers in lung cancer in clinical practice
Authors: Rykov I. V.
Published: January 2021

We have reviewed the available publications about circulating tumor markers (CTM) — CYFRA 21‑1, CEА, SCC, NSE and proGRP, in patients with small‑cell (SCLC) and non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Elevated levels of at least one of them (CEA, CYFRA 21‑1 и SCC) were seen in 100 % of patients with stage III–IV NSCLC. CEA, CYFRA 21‑1 and SCC could have prognostic and predictive value. Their decrease during chemotherapy or immunotherapy correlates with better overall survival. For SCLC the main CTM are NSE and proGRP. Together with CTM for NSCLC these markers could predict correctly histological subtype of lung cancer in 79–97 % of patients. Levels of proGRP after 1, 2 and 3 cycles of chemotherapy in SCLC correlated with response to treatment and were associated with prognosis. Thus, it can be used as an additional response criterion, for example in patients with non‑measurable disease. CTM provide additional easy‑to‑use predictive and prognostic data for patients with lung cancer.
The role of the neoadjuvant approach in the treatment of primary operable HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: Frolova M. A. , Glazkova Е. V. , Petrovsky A. V. , Krokhina О. V. , Stenina M. В. , Tyulyandin S. A.
Published: January 2021

Neoadjuvant systemic therapy is an essential component of the comprehensive treatment of primary operable HER2‑positive breast cancer. Therefore, it is extremely important to search for treatment efficacy predictors and optimal system for assessing tumor response to treatment. The study analyzed factors predicting pathological complete response (pCR) in patients with luminal and non‑luminal HER2‑positive tumor subtypes. The morphological assessment of the tumor response to treatment was carried out using the RCB system; additional characteristics of the residual tumor were studied as well. It was shown that a comprehensive assessment involving the use of the RCB system and determination of the Ki ‑ 67 level helps to divide patients into prognostic groups and individualize the adjuvant therapy plan.
А case of rare metastasis of colon cancer. Сlinical case
Authors: Khakimova G.  G. , Islamov F. S. , Khakimov G.  A. , Nasirov S.   K.
Published: January 2021

Metastatic lesions in muscles appear to be a rare manifestation of malignant neoplasms with an unfavorable prognosis. To date, due to the low incidence of metastases to the ileo‑lumbar muscle, a definite concept of its treatment does not exist. The article describes the clinical case of a 33‑year‑old patient after a combined treatment of colon cancer in 2017 who progressed 5 months after the end of chemotherapy. Pathomorphological examination after ileo‑lumbar muscle lesion removal revealed metastasis of colon cancer adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent IMRT-SIB radiation therapy and chemotherapy with 5‑FU with no signs of progression for 4 months.
Medical Waste Proper Disposal and Techniques - A Review of Multiple Devices
Authors: Daniels Melanie , Priefer Ronny
Published: January 2021

Every year municipal solid waste continues to grow as the US population expands. Municipal solid waste includes substances that pose a harmful risk for the environment such as medical waste or pharmaceutical agents. Health-care related waste increases annually by 15% and thus concerns for proper disposal of hazardous agents such as medical waste or pharmaceutical agents increases. It is important that these agents are disposed of properly to mitigate the chances of toxins and hazardous materials from tampering with the environment, and ultimately the US’s water supply. Additionally, medical waste can contribute to illicit drug abuse and potential overdoses. Methods such as flushing and disposing of these wastes in regular garbage are most common. However, medical waste disposal devices have been marketed to help reduce the risk of potential toxicities to the environment. These medical devices can be broken up into three categories: storage, sequestering agents, and immediate destruction devices. Sequestering agents are the most common devices within this review. The objective of this review is to highlight these different devices as well as describe what each can or cannot do.
Implications of Agonizing and Antagonizing Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1
Authors: Deutsch Nicholas , Dogiparthi Jaswanthi , Priefer Ronny
Published: January 2021

Stearoyl-CoA Desaurase-1 (SCD1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids from saturated fatty acids in various organ systems. SCD1’s role and proposed properties make it of interest for possible pharmacological intervention to help mitigate various diseases such as cancer, heart disease, liver dysfunction, diabetes, etc. Prior research on SCD1’s uses as a therapeutic agent has presented the potential for the development of compounds to act as either an agonist or antagonist. However, there is a discrepancy in the literature regarding SCD1 and its proposed uses, whether by inhibiting the enzyme or promoting its activity. A wide array of work has looked at different organ systems, inhibitors, disease state of interest, and methods of the study that included either mouse or human models. A notable trend was the incidence of a common adverse effect profile affecting the skin, the heart, adipose tissue, the liver, and the immune system. It may be possible to infer that the enzyme’s extensively documented adverse event profiles, along with the integration of SCD in various metabolic circles, and potential use of an inhibiting therapeutic agent, holds potential for future development. This suggested that whole body depletion or increase in SCD1 may cause unforeseen side effects. Further research on specific agonists and antagonists suggests that future pharmacological interventions should be organ or organ system specific to avoid unwanted side effects.
Language in motion in Marilynne Robinson’s "Housekeeping" and the Book of "Ruth"
Authors: Krasner James
Published: January 2021

The terminology used to describe people living in socially or legally ambiguous housing conditions is contradictory and contested in often unpredictable ways. Homeless people, as well as the laws and government discourses designed to limit their behavior, frequently choose language that is at odds with what their bodies are actually doing in the spaces they occupy. In this essay I will discuss the oxymoronic verbal formulations for how transients, especially transient women, move through and live in social space by looking at two texts that focus on homeless women and their social power, Marilynne Robinson’s novel Housekeeping, and the biblical Book of Ruth (on which it is partially based). By placing these works in the context of the legal discourses of homelessness and squatting, and gender analyses of mobility, I hope to identify a mode of gendered embodiment based in the language of motion.
Jaded selves and body distance: a case study of Cotard’s syndrome in “Infinite Jest”
Authors: Chapman Ana
Published: January 2021

This article attempts to betoken the relevance of emotions and sensations arousing from the body for the reviving of the self in David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest. The novel discerns a world where the oversaturation of choices and the external stimuli from entertainment has established a tradition of ennui and addiction as part of the hedonistic search for pleasure. This is particularly important for the understanding of the effects it may have on the mapping of the self and on agency which can consequently be framed among mental disorders. Taking a neuroscientific approach, Wallace’s characters is discussed as having a possible connection to Cotard’s syndrome. This delusion helps to reveal how a lack of emotions disables correct self-awareness giving way to the belief that one may be dead or non-existent.
A comparative study to assess the post-operative complications between laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus open cholecystectomy
Authors: Salwan Anurag , Singh Rana R. , Bansal Darpan
Published: January 2021

Background: Cholelithiasis is a common problem these days. Earlier it was considered the health problem of the female only. But now it is quite common in the males also. The prevalence of gallbladder stone disease (GBSD) in female to male is 3:1 in 18-65 years age group. In the developed countries GBSD is common and occur in 7% in male and 15% in female with an overall prevalence of 11%. Cholecystectomy is one of the most common operation carried out in general surgery.Methods: Our study was conducted on 60 patients divided in 2 groups of 30 each to compare post-operative complications between laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy.Results: As per findings of the present study duration of pain, rate of complications and total hospital stay were significantly lower in laparoscopic group. There was early removal of drainage tube, early stitch removal in laparoscopic group.Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be recommended as first choice operative treatment for patients with cholelithiasis as it provides better cosmetic results, lesser pain, early removal of drainage tube, lesser post-operative hospital stay and fewer incidence of surgical site infection. It should be an available option for all patients requiring elective cholecystectomy.