bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bread Winners or Bread Makers? Everyday Challenges Confronted by Women in the Society
Authors: Meena Ms. Rashi
Published: March 2024

Women are the epitome of strength, love, sacrifice and courage. The role of women in contemporary society has undergone substantial and positive transformations. In modern times, women have achieved a level of self sufficiency, possessing a heightened awareness and attaining financial independence. They have achieved significant accomplishments across various domains, encompassing athletics, politics, and academics. The promotion of co education has facilitated the integration of women into various spheres of society, enabling them to participate alongside men in all aspects of life. The advent of the twenty-first century has engendered a renewed sense of optimism and has facilitated the empowerment of women in a constructive manner. In the past, women were often overshadowed by their husbands or fathers, but they have now successfully developed their own distinct identities and achieved a state of autonomy. Education plays a key role in achieving success. The significance of empowering women would be heightened if women possessed comprehensive knowledge and received a quality education. It is imperative for women to possess an extensive awareness of their rights in order to achieve gender equality and be on equal footing with men. Prominent figures such as Indra Nooyi, Chandra Kochhar, Arundhati Bhattacharya, Pratibha Patil, Kalpana Chawla, Droupadi Murmu, Jayalalitha, Mamata Banerjee, among others, have made substantial contributions within their respective domains and serve as inspirational figures for women both in India and worldwide. The role of women has undergone significant transformation, resulting in a notable impact on society. The transition from housewives to CEOs is occurring at an increasingly rapid pace. The expansion of modernization and the emergence of advanced technologies have significantly broadened prospects and possibilities for individuals. They have successfully developed their presence and influence in various domains, encompassing social, political, and economic spheres.
An Analysis of the Role of G20 in Global Climate Governance: Navigating the Climate Maze
Authors: Malini N Dr. , Janardhana Ms. Varshini
Published: March 2024

Climate change, a defining challenge of the Anthropocene epoch, represents a complex interplay of environmental, social, and economic factors. As the global community grapples with the escalating impacts of climate change, the Group of Twenty (G20) nations stand as a pivotal collective force with the potential to shape the trajectory of climate action. This analysis delves into the multifaceted landscape of climate change within the G20, scrutinizing the progress made and the hurdles faced in mitigating and adapting to a changing climate. The study commences with an overview of the international climate agreements to which the G20 nations are signatories, tracing the evolution from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to the Paris Agreement. It scrutinizes the specific commitments made by G20 members at the conference in New Delhi, India. The study further investigates the alignment of G20 policies with the broader goals of sustainable development and environmental justice, addressing the disparities between developed and developing nations. However, amidst the progress, the analysis identifies the pitfalls and challenges encountered by G20 nations in their pursuit of climate goals. This encompasses implementation hurdles, geopolitical tensions, and economic considerations that may impede thecollective ambition to curb global temperature rise. It emphasizes the need for strengthened collaboration, innovative policy approaches, and a holistic understanding of the interconnected nature of climate, economy, and global well-being. In shedding light on the nuanced interplay between climate change and G20 dynamics, this analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the opportunities and obstacles in the collective pursuit of a sustainable and resilientglobal future.
Empowering Women through Skill Development: A Catalyst for Social and Economic Progress
Authors: Arya Ms. Vinita
Published: March 2024

Empowering women has emerged as a global imperative with profound implications for social equality and economic growth. This research paper explores the transformative potential of skill development programs as a strategic tool to promote women‘s empowerment, with a focus on their impact on personal, economic, and societal dimensions. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing skill development programs, this paper evaluates their effectiveness in empowering women across various sectors and regions. The study based on secondary data covers only the Indian informal sector. In conclusion, this paper finds that skills development programs are powerful tools to promote women‘s empowerment on many fronts. It underlines the role of governments, NGOs and private sector organizations in promoting an enabling environment for such programmes.
Assessment of Surgical Training Modality Efficacy in Medical Students – A Comparison of Surgical Simulation, Video Demonstration, and Live Instruction
Authors: Boere Payton M. , Buchan Levi J. , Ciesielka Kerri-Anne , Tulipan Jacob E. , Rivlin Michael , Ilyas Asif M.
Published: March 2024

Objectives

Surgical simulation is a growing form of education in medical training, but it remains unclear how simulation compares to traditional lecture or apprenticeship models of teaching when translating procedural knowledge to surgical performance. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of translating procedural knowledge to surgical skill when trained by the surgical simulation app “Touch Surgery (TS),” recorded video lecture, or in-person teaching of the trigger finger release (TFR) surgery. The study also aimed to identify the learners’ preferred teaching modality.

Methods

Twenty-seven first- and second-year medical students were recruited to participate. They were randomly assigned to one of three cohorts (n=9) as designated by a different TFR surgery learning modality: surgical simulation through TS (cohort “SS”), video demonstration (cohort “VIDEO”), or live teaching by a board-certified orthopaedic hand surgeon (cohort “LIVE”). Each participant completed their modality three times. They then completed an assessment of the procedural steps before performing the TFR surgery on a cadaver. Outcome measures included procedural test scores and cadaveric performance, evaluated using a surgery-specific detailed checklist, a global rating scale (GRS) of soft surgical skills, and a pass/fail assessment. Participants graded their modality’s usefulness using a 5-point Likert scale.

Results

There was no statistically significant difference in TFR procedural assessment scores (P=0.123) or cadaveric surgical performance between groups when evaluated by the surgery-specific step checklist (P=0.549), GRS (P=0.567), and pass/fail assessment (P=0.874). Students in the LIVE cohort rated their modality as their first-choice training tool (P=0.009); however, those in the SS cohort rated their modality as easiest to use, follow, and understand (P=0.010).

Conclusion

All educational modalities should be considered in surgical training. This study demonstrates that students can perform cognitively and technically similar learning from virtual or live formats; however, they preferred live teaching.

Level of Evidence

III
Improving Nurses’ Proficiency In Providing Nursing Care For Pediatric Tonsillectomy
Authors:   University Of Kufa, Faculty Of Nursing, Pediatric Nursing Branch, Iraq, Baqer Hassan Mohammed , Hamid Shaker Wamith ,   University Of Kufa, Faculty Of Nursing, Pediatric Nursing Branch, Iraq, Mohammed Asmahan Qasim ,   Department Of Pediatric Nursing, University Of Baghdad, Faculty Of Nursing, Iraq, AL-Hadrawy Zainab Abidzaid Abid ,   University Of Kufa, Faculty Of Nursing, Pediatric Nursing Branch, Iraq
Published: March 2024

Objective: Tonsillectomy is the most common surgery in the field of ENT. Pain is the most common post tonsillectomy complaint. Considering the importance of nursing cares in relieving post-surgery pain in general and post-tonsillectomy pain in particular, this study is conducted To assess Nurses knowledge towards nursing care of tonsillectomy in children and To find out the relationship between the Nurses knowledge and their selected demographic variables of age ,gender, level of education, years of experience, and training session. Methods: A Non-probability purposive sample of ( 120) nurses who are working in the operation rooms, surgical units and Ear, nose and throat units in these hospitals .The study was carried out from January 1st, 2023 up to April 28th, 2023. Conclusion: there are high significant relationship between the nurses’ age, hospital and their knowledge related to nursing care of children with tonsillectomy and there is a non-significant relationship with the remaining demographic and clinical data.
From Memory Complex to Heritage Tourism Practices Linked With the Bien Hoa Ceramics Ecosystem, Dong Nai, Vietnam
Authors:   Institute for Economic Development and Tourism Research in Ho Chi Minh City, Ta, Ph.D Linh Duy , M.A Cung Nguyen, ,   Cung Trading Service Education and Tourist Company Limited
Published: March 2024

Across diverse geographical regions globally, the art of pottery has been intricately linked with the historical development of humanity. The Bien Hoa pottery tradition, despite its relative youth, embodies significant historical, utilitarian, symbolic, and unique aesthetic values that resonate with the Vietnamese ethos of creative labor. These values, encapsulated within a memory complex, require careful unpacking to fully appreciate and elevate the legacy of Bien Hoa's ceramic heritage. This research posits that one effective method to disseminate and augment the heritage value of Bien Hoa ceramics involves harnessing the intrinsic worth of traditional craftsmanship in conjunction with practices of heritage tourism. With the objective of forging spaces for heritage tourism experiences tied to the Bien Hoa ceramics craft, the study delineates: i) the process of unraveling the memory complex tied to the Bien Hoa ceramics ecosystem; ii) preliminary explorations aimed at enriching the Bien Hoa ceramics ecosystem's value through heritage tourism endeavors.
Premature Lawsuit in Capital Market Dispute against Losses in Shares of The Sejahtera Bersama Savings and Loans Cooperative (Study Decision No. 160/PDT/2021/PT DKI)
Authors:   Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia, Hariyani Iswi , Wahjuni Edi ,   Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia, Wardhana Rhama Wisnu ,   Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia, Latifani Soraya Ulfa ,   Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia
Published: March 2024

The capital market is a gathering place for companies and investors to carry out securities transactions such as shares, bonds and other securities. The capital market sector is very important for a country because it is the driver of a country's economy. Indonesia has a capital market sector which is regulated in Law Number 8 of 1995 concerning Capital Markets, this law explains the capital market regulations that must be obeyed by capital market players, namely investors and companies. The Indonesian government is aware of the potential for fraud, which is defined as violations or unlawful acts that are detrimental to the state and society. Regulations regarding capital markets seek to provide legal clarity and law enforcement in the capital markets sector, so that they remain important components for the development of the capital markets industry. Violations that occur in the capital market are often caused by an act carried out by an individual, in a group, directly, or by orders or influence from another party which causes losses to certain parties. These losses can be in the form of material losses and immaterial losses. As is the case with the capital market dispute in Decision no. 160/PDT/2021/PT DKI which strengthens Decision no. 745/Pdt.G/2019/PN JKT SEL. In Decision No.745/Pdt.G/2019/PN JKT SEL, the Panel of Judges stated that the lawsuit submitted by the Plaintiff could not be accepted based on several Judges' considerations, including because there was a premature lawsuit, namely a capital market dispute without first going through an examination by the Financial Services Authority. The plaintiff resubmitted the capital market dispute lawsuit by filing an appeal against Decision No. 160/PDT/2021/PT DKI and the Panel of Judges stated that they accepted the appeal by affirming the previous decision.
Multiple Fractures and Traffic Accidents
Authors: Aprialdi Bimayudo
Published: March 2024

Multiple fractures are one of the consequences of traffic accidents (KLL). The most frequently affected locations are the extremities, especially the lower extremities. The group most commonly involved is motorcyclists, where the incident is more common in developing countries. A 32-year-old man was brought to the emergency room from the local health center after experiencing a traffic accident. The patient had previously received initial treatment through immobilization and situational suturing. The patient is suspected of having fractures in both forearms and right thigh. Then, the patient underwent initial surgery and was referred to undergo further surgery due to limited equipment at the previous hospital. This case discusses the challenges in treating multiple fractures in patients involved in traffic accidents, emphasizing the need for rapid and appropriate initial treatment and adequate follow-up management. Optimal management will also provide a good prognosis. This case shows that traffic accident patients have a high potential for experiencing multiple fractures, which often affect the extremities. This case wants to provide information that early treatment primary and secondary survey include providing fluid therapy and pressure dressings are things that must be done immediately to get a good prognosis and best results.
Effect of mycorrhiza with phosphorus on daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus L.) Growth in calcareous soil
Authors: Fattah Omar A.
Published: March 2024

The daffodil flower is one of the commercial ornamental plants in the world today for cut flowers and garden plants. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (Glomus intraradices) with phosphorus on growth of daffodil plants in calcareous soil. The application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) with different levels of phosphorus (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1) significantly affected daffodil characteristics. The treated plants with AMF and 160 kg ha-1 phosphorus (P) gave the superior spike length (49.00 cm), spike diameters (9.84 mm), flower diameter (57.76 mm), leaf number (8.33), leaf length (51.33 cm), chlorophyll intensity (136.78 SPAD), leaf dry matter (16.49 %), root number (67.33), root length (35.00 cm), nitrogen (17.90 g kg-1), and potassium (19.23 g kg-1). On the other hand, the plants were treated with AMF and 80 kg ha-1 P resulted in the maximum root colonization (72 %), phosphorus content (13.23 g kg-1), iron (345.67 mg kg-1), and zinc (86.33 mg kg-1) contents. In contrast, the minimum results in this study were found in non-inoculant plants with untreated phosphorus. Based on the results of this study, application of AMF along with 160 kg ha-1 P doses was recommended for improving flower and growth characteristics of daffodil.
Effect of substituting synthetic methionine and lysine with herbal, with adding thyronine by 120% in low-protein diets of laying hens on productive and some blood traits.
Authors: Zangana Nazim A. Q.
Published: March 2024

A total of 160 Lehman Brown layer 45 weeks dy completely randomized with five replicates (cages in battery system) each replicates contain of four birds and the period of this experiment was 112 days, The nutritional treatments were , T1: basal diet (control) contained 16.32% cruds protein (C.P) with 0.41% synthetic methionine (S.Thrionine) , T2: basal diet (16.32% C.P) with (0.41%) herbal methionine (H.M) and (0.106% S.Thironine) . T3 : basal diet (16.18%C.P) with (0.42%S.Mthionine ), (0.05% herbal lysine :H.L) and (0.106% S.Thrionine) T4: basal diet (16.18% C.P) with (0.42% H.methionine), (0.05%H.Lysine) and (0.106% S.Thrionine) , T5: basal diet (15.45%C.P) with ( o.42% S .methionine) , 0.12% S.Lysine ) and (0.116% S.thronine ) T6: basal diet (15.46% C.P) with (0.42% H.methionine),(0.045% H.Lysine) and S. threonine ), T7: basal diet (15.12%C.P) With (0.148% S.methionine , (0.150% S.lysine ) and (0.130% S.thrionine ) ,T8: basal diet (15.12%C.P) with (0.148% H.methionine ) , (0.150%H.lysine) and (0.130% S.thrionine , The experiment showed that there were no differences in egg production and egg mass between treatments, while significant differences were found in egg weight between treatments. , While no differences appeared between the treatments for the characteristic of shell thickness, specific weight of shell, and egg shape index, nor did significant differences appear in the biochemical properties of blood serum..
Determination of the effect of soil and irrigation water quality on total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and proteins values in cress, parsley, celery, and basil plants.
Authors: Mohammed Elaf W.
Published: March 2024

The effect of soil and irrigation water quality in three sites of the Khasah Su River basin Kirkuk-Iraq was studied on the values ​​of total chlorophyll, carbohydrates, and proteins of cress, parsley, celery, and basil plants. Samples were collected from November 2021 to May 2022. Sampling sites in the Khasah Su River located between longitudes 44o 23/ and 44o 24/ and latitudes 35o 24/ and 35o 29/. Soil quality index (SQI) values ​​documented poor soil fertility in all sites, especially on the third site. Irrigation water quality index (IWQI) values were excellent in the first site, good in the second site, and poor in the third site. The basil plant recorded the lowest mean values ​​of carbohydrates 0.59ppm in the first site and proteins 0.26ppm in the second site and the cress plant recorded the lowest mean value of total chlorophyll at 7.92ppm in the first site. Parsley plant recorded the highest mean values ​​of carbohydrates 5.69ppm and total chlorophyll 21.46ppm, and cress plant highest average values ​​of proteins 1.63ppm on the third site. Basil and cress plants were the most affected by the decrease in soil quality and irrigation water index at the study sites, while parsley and celery plants were the least affected.
Effect of partial replacement of soybean meal by sesame seed cake on diet stability and growth performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Kareem Zana H. G.
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted under laboratory conditions to evaluate the effect of sesame seed (Sesamum indicum) cake (SSC) as a protein source by a partial replacement of soybean (Glycine max) meal (SBM) on diet stability and growth performance and some productive traits (final weight, total weight gain, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, feed conversion rates and condition factor) of common carp (C. carpio). The experiment consisted of ten treatments with two replications for each treatment, where SSC was used instead of SBM in three types of treatments: row, soaked and phytase enzyme addition in T1, T2 and T3 with three different substitution ratios 10%,20% and 30% in D1, D2 and D3 and treatment without SSC (control group) in T0D0 . The results showed that the diet stability was unaffected by inclusion different levels of SSC, while results of growth performance showed that the replacement of 30% SSC instead of SBM with the addition of phytase enzyme improved significantly (p≤0.05) all growth parameters and some productive traits (final weight, total weight gain, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, feed conversion rates and condition factor), In addition, the results showed that the use of sesame seed cake in raw or soaked form does not negatively affect the growth parameters of the fish. Therefore, sesame seed cake can be used as a cheap source of protein in common carps C. carpio diets.
Response of sweet corn (zea mays saccharata L.) to different levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers . 2 - flowering and yield parameters
Authors: Abdullah Hemn O.
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted in the Agriculture research station of Chamchamal in Sulymaniyah / Iraq, on 3rd July to 8th October 2022. Was designed using a (RCBD) four *four with three replications. The arrangement of treatment is as follows, The first treatment was chemical fertilizer (NPK) consisting of four levels (0, 50, 75and 100)% of recommended application dose. The second treatment of two types of poultry manure (0, 4ton ha-1 domestic, 4ton ha-1 imported, and 2ton ha-1 from domestic and imported), results obtained from this study can conclude as follows. yield component (Days to 75% flowering (male and silk) appearance, number of row, weight of 500 grains and yield per plant, as well as the quantity of grains per row and cob)were significantly superior with the use of chemical and poultry manure application compared with the control, the better yield and its component of sweet corn was from the combination of two fertilizers(organic and inorganic) At the 50% of recommended inorganic fertilizer and 4 ton ha-1 of domestic poultry manure
Effect of using two concentrations of BEDGEN 40 in drinking water at different periods on some productive characteristics in broilers
Authors: Rafiq Nazli J.
Published: March 2024

The experiment was conducted in the poultry field of the Department of Animal Production - College of Agriculture / University of Kirkuk, for a period of 42 days. To study the effect of using two different concentrations of Bedgen 40 at two periods for broilers and their effect on some productive traits. In this study used 280 unsexed one-day-old chicks (Ross 308) were used with an average initial weight of 42 g. The chicks were randomly distributed to 7 treatments with 4 replicates for each treatment, and each replicate contains 10 birds. The experiment parameters were as follows: T1 as the control treatment without any addition, while Bedgen 40 was added in the T2 and T3 treated drinking water at levels of 35 and 45 cc/ liter at the age of 6-10 days, The addition of Bedgen 40 in the treated drinking water T4 and T5 at levels of 35 and 45 cc/ liter at the age of 21-25 days, The addition of Bedgen 40 in the treated drinking water T6 and T7 at levels of 35 and 45 cc/ liter at the age of 31-35 days, The results showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatments adding Bedgen 40 over the control treatment in the final live body weight. The results showed an increase in live body weight and an increase in weight for two treatments T3, T2 in the third week, and significant superiority for each of the treatments T5, T4, T3, T2 in the fifth week And the superiority of all the addition treatments in the base week, and we note the superiority of two treatments T3, T4 in the rate of feed consumption in the third week, The results also showed a significant improvement (p<0.05) in the feed conversion ratio at the fifth and sixth weeks, As well as for the final or total conversion factor for coefficients T5, T4, T3, T2 compared to the control treatment.
Effect of Humic Acid and NPK Nanocomposite on the Chemical Content of Fronds of Three Cultivars of Young Palm Trees Phoenix Dactylifera L.
Authors: Hakeem Howrieh M.
Published: March 2024

To investigate the impact of adding organic acid (humic acid) and spraying, the experiment was carried out in the palm grove at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station at the Sayada site of the College of Agriculture/University of Kirkuk/Republic of Iraq from 6/15/2022 to 4/15/2023. Three different types of date palms received the NPK compound fertilizer treatment. Al-Khastawi, Al-Khaddrawy, and the yellow Shwathi. Three replications of the factorial experiment were conducted using the RCBD and split plot designs, respectively. Duncan's multiple limit test was used to assess the data at the probability level (0.05). The interaction treatment between the treatment and the treated variety T5V2 (NPK nanocomposite fertilizer and the Khestawi variety) was superior in the percentage of the wicker content of carbohydrates, nitrogen, and chlorophyll, reaching (8.19%), 2.02% 30.33 mg gm -1 fresh weight) respectively. The concentration of (1.5 g liter-1) of NPK nanocomposite fertilizer (T5) affected all the studied chemical properties. The yellow Shuwathi cultivar outperformed the Khastawi and Khadrawi cultivars in the treatment of T5V1 (nano compound fertilizer NPK). The percentage of phosphorus and potassium in the vine reached (0.97, 0.91%), respectively. Wicker's potassium content as a percentage reached 0.74%.
(N.P.K) fertilizer application levels in Onion Crops and Using the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System – DRIS
Authors: Saeed Dilzar F.
Published: March 2024

Fertilizations is one the efforts done to increase the production and quality of crops. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers rate used in the production of Onion are excessive, so the essential elements present in the soil can be imbalanced ,nutrient balance determines crop yield and quality. This research aimed to evaluate Onion productivity subjected to various ratios of(NPK) to establish the DRIS-Norms and indexes, by using leaf nutrient analysis. The Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System-DRIS depended on interrelation between elements, compares crop mineral nutrient proportions with DRIS-norms (Optimal values) and we can know imbalances, deficiencies and excesses in nutrient of plants .The research was conducted in the experimental farm of college of agriculture ,university of Salahaddin in Grdarash field Erbil-Iraq,3.5Km to the south of Erbil city, (36° ON, 44° 01 E), (0411359, 03997002 UTM) ,planting date 30/1/2020 and harvesting at 30/6/2020 so the research period 5 months. We used spilt – spilt design in the experiment, first factor was Nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 160 Kg.ha-1), second factor was Phosphorus (0, 80, 160 Kg.ha-1) and the third factor was Potassium (0, 50, 100 Kg .ha-1) .The results indicated that the best fertilizer combinations that recorded highest Onion-Yield (18.36 Mg. ha-1) was(K 50 Kg. ha-1, P 160 Kg. ha-1, N 40 Kg. ha-1) which had lowest Nutrient Balance Index-(NBI), its values was (9.04) but the highest value was (73.18) for (K0P0N0) treatment.
Assessment of Morphometric and Hypsometric Analysis of the Ruste Basin Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Techniques
Authors: Mohammed Kamyar M.
Published: March 2024

A basin’s characteristics and features need to be comprehended completely by conducting morphometric analysis, such as evaluating the basin’s size, form, and surface features, to estimate floods and erosion rates properly. The main objective of this investigation is to evaluate morphometric measures and hypsometric analysis of Erbil’s Ruste Basin employing remote sensing and geographical information system methods. To investigate the significant tributaries of the selected area, the hydrology tool within the Spatial Analysis Tools of ArcGIS, version 10.7, was utilized to define the basin boundaries, map the drainage networks, and obtain topographic data. The findings of the linear morphometric parameters revealed that the logarithmic relationship between stream orders and stream numbers was negative. The difference in stream order and number seen in the watershed is due to topography and bedrock influence. The results also showed a negative correlation between stream length and stream order, and a coefficient of determination of 0.972, which indicates that the basin is made of low-permeability formation and subsoil materials. Considering the areal morphometric parameters, the circularity ratio, elongation ratio, and form factor are 0.594, 0.853 and 0.572, respectively, suggested a semi-circular shape. A drainage density value of 2.259 km-1 showed that the Ruste Basin is a basin with steeply to very steeply sloping hilly terrain with varying plant covering. Furthermore, the Ruste Basin has high relief and slope with a relief ratio of 0.151 and basin relief of 2.576 km, both of which imply that it has a steep slope with high erosive force, limited infiltration, and a high runoff rate. Ruste Basin’s ruggedness number was 5.819, indicating that it has badlands topography. The average hypsometric integral was 0.467, denoting a mature basin featuring S-shaped hypsometric curves. In conclusion, the results showed that analysis of morphometric parameters and hypsometric integral and curve provides us with a notion to basin characterization and guidance to making appropriate decisions to establish effective actions to sustainable water and soil conservation and natural resources management through applying water harvesting methods, check dams, and bench terraces.
Effect of Baraceinolide and Sodium Chloride on the Proportion of some Volatile Oils and Proline in majorana Leaves
Authors: Salih Mohameed M.
Published: March 2024

This research was carried out in collage of Agriculture, Kirkuk University in season 2022, to study the effect of bracinolide and sodium chloride in proportion of aviator oil and proline in leaves Marjoram plant. The experiment designed by t two factors. fires factor baraceanolide (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) g. L-1 while second factor sodium chloride (0, 5, 10, 15) g. L-1. Using (R.C.B.D) and according Duncan's under probability 5%. Each experimental unit includes three pots, one sector contains sixteen experimental units, and the experiment consists of three sectors. Results showed positive effects as a result of using a growth regulator, that spraying 0.2g. L-1 baraceanolid gave the highest number of leaves 510.21, while concentration at 0.3 g. L-1 recorded the highest in nitrogen reached 2.52%, percentage of volatile oil carvone at 55.47%, Limonene at 14.96% and Linalool 6.48%, as well proline reached 26.91 at concentration of 15 g. L-1 salts.
Studying the types of land Capability units and preparing the Capability map for some series of the North Tikrit Agricultural Project in Salah al-Din Governorate
Authors: Hammad Abdulsalam M.
Published: March 2024

The study aims to classify the land of the selected series to the types of land portability units and prepare a land portability map in the project north of Tikrit agricultural, where three series were selected by two hands for each series, namely the sdaeed series represented by pedon P 1 and P 2 , the Syneha series of p 3 and p 4 , and the Greesh series of p 5 and p 6 pedon, With an estimated area of (4,006.99) hectares, mostly Gypsium and limestone, permanent and temporary determinants have been adopted in the classification of the land Capability of study series. The climate factor, salinity and wind erosion are among the most influential determinants in determining an item under land susceptibility. Sub Capability land for the study series, and it was found through the results of the study that the Greesh series of p 5 .p 6 and an area (1379.62 hectares) was under the second class IIC4s, IIC4s3 for pedon 5 and 6 respectively , and the sadeed series represented by pedon P 1 and P 2 with an area (1255.86 h) under third class IIIC4s3 , IIIC4s2 for pedon 1 and 2 respectively , and the Syneha series of pedon p 3 and p 4 and an area (1371.51 hectares) under seventh class , V11C4s3e2 , V11C4s3e2 for pedon 3 and 4 respectively.
The impact of price policy on the production and marketing of Wheat in Nineveh governorate (Mosul and Telkaif district) as a model for the 2019-2020 agricultural season.
Authors: Al Zubaidi Eman F. M.
Published: March 2024

The research aims to analyze the economic implications of the State's policy in the production and marketing of wheat crops in Nineveh governorate (Mosul and Telkaif judiciary) by comparing private and social prices by adopting the method of the policy analysis matrix and calculating the standards derived from there. The study results showed that the protection measures showed that there was government support and subsidization for producers of this crop. This is apparent when examining the nominal protection coefficient figures for output per dunum (1.322, 1.370, 1.310 and 1.327) for each of the three categories and the entire sample, respectively. Nominal input protection coefficient values were per dunum (0.486, 0.436, 0.487 and 0.474) for each of the three categories and the entire sample, respectively. The comparative advantage indicators showed that the crop in Nineveh governorate (Mosul and Telkaif judiciary) had a comparative advantage and global competitiveness to produce, The value of the special cost ratio per dunum (0.284, 0.318, 0.319 and 0.316) for each of the three categories and the entire sample respectively. The study recommends increasing government support for crops that have a comparative advantage in their production and are globally competitive to achieve self-sufficiency and then reach the export stage.
An analytical study for the impact of climate change on the occurrence of earthquakes since 2005 until 2021 In Sulaymaniyah / Iraq
Authors: Abdulrahman Akram M.
Published: March 2024

Based on a study for 16 years of earthquake data in Sulaymaniyah city from 2005 to 2021 almost 11000 earthquakes were recorded, the degree intensity (4.4 Richter) was chosen to be the critical degree for the earthquake and for humans to feel it, After 2005 there was an increase in the number of earthquakes until 2012, in 2013 it was the peak witch reached 238 hitting, in 2014 there was a significant decreasing and kept down, climate change data focused on months of August, October, November and December, changes that occurred in number of sunny hours were studied there was a significant change in 2005 with value (15.5 hours) which gradually decreased to (10.4 hours), there wasn’t a clear evidence linked sunny hours to occurrence of earthquakes, Rainfall tends to increase relatively in some years in December as well as ( 2007, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2016 and 2018) that were consecutive ( 67, 118, 98.3, 103.6, 185.8 and 315.1 mm) but no evidence connect rainfalls to earthquake occurrence, Temperatures in the months of the study were relatively similar in terms of rise and fall, but the month of December differed slightly in the years 2012 to 2017.No changes noted in October and November in atmospheric pressure values but in December there was a relative increase in most years of study, evaporation rates in December after 2016 there was a relative increase in evaporation rates.
Elemental Content and Properties Change of Akre Rice After Harvesting Process in Kurdistan Region
Authors: Younis Bawer J.
Published: March 2024

Rice is considered one of the main nutritional foods in the world, generally in Asian countries especially in the Kurdistan region widely consumed as a stable food. This research provided essential engineering data on the physical properties of Akre- Duhok rice during the harvesting stages 3,5 and 6 months. Some physical properties of rice throughout the three stages of harvesting were observed and compared. The average length, width, thickness, elongation, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, equivalent diameter, surface area, volume, sphericity and aspect ratio were 5.466 ± 0.26 to 5.766 ± 0.87mm, 1.823 ± 0.13 to 1.993 ± 0.13mm, 2.876 ± 0.18 to 2.906 ± 0.14mm, 0.503 ± 0.09 to 0.526 ± 0.03 mm, 3.436 ± 0.06 to 3.530 ± 0.26 mm, 3.106 ± 0.22 to 3.296 ± 0.30 mm, 3.230 ± 0.61 to 3.533 ± 0.42 mm, 30.463 ± 4.29 to 32.19 ± 2.18 mm2, 33.210 ± 6.60 to 35.336 ± 7.04 mm3, 0.543 ± 0.06 to 0.576 ± 0.01%, and 0.313 ± 0.04 to 0.353 ± 0.02 respectively. On the other hand, the composition of 13 elements of Kurdish rice was determined by employing inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The obtained results indicated that there was a significant difference among the samples, the highest amount of minerals was stated in Al was 10.52 ± 2.53 mg/kg in sample A, Ca and K were 380.95 ± 2.71and 868.41 ± 2.18 mg/kg in sample B respectively and Mg was 303.77 ± 2.49 mg/kg in sample C, while rice grains had zero mg/kg content of each Pb, Cd and Na. Moreover, the minimum quantity of minerals was Cu and Se that ranged between 0.93 ± 0.03 to 3.52 ± 0.04 and 0.05 ± 0.03 to 0.26 ± 0.03 mg/kg, respectively.
The level of farmers Application of scientific Recommendation Related to the use of wells in Al-baaj District/Nineveh governorate –Iraq
Authors: Mahal Mohammed A.
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to determine the level of farmer application of scientific recommendation related to the use, design ,Protection and follow-up of wells and Its relationship with some factors in Al-baaj district, the questioner form was used to collected data, the research sample included 124 farmers were chosen in a relatively random method , then data collection tools were prepared to achieve the research objectives which consisted of two parts: the first was related the personal factors as well as the second part included two fields : the design, protection from pollution and follow-up of the use of wells aspected in the study area, , the results showed 78% of the farmers had a medium degree of application of scientific suggestions related to the use of wells generally and tends to decrease. Also showed that 80% of farmers had medium level of application of recommendations in the field of well design and tended to be partially, and was clear that the percentage of farmers committed to the application of scientific recommendations related to the protection from pollution and follow-up of wells reached 76% at a medium level and tends to seriously apply of the instructions. the results showed a correlation for (level of education, time period of agricultural working, financial cost of drilling a well) with the general application, and it was also found that there is no correlation for the rest of the factors and the dependent variable.
Effect of shading, organic fertilizer and Gibberellic acid on the flowering growth of (Lavandula angustifolia) growing in Kalar city
Authors: albaraznchi seaman O. A-R.
Published: March 2024

The experiment was conducted in the city of Kalar for the period from April 1, 2022 to September 1. The experiment included three factors. The first factor is the percentage of shading at two levels open field and 50% lath house. The second factor was organic fertilizer for poultry (Penguin) at three levels (0, 25, 50) gm.plant-1, and the third factor was spraying with Gibberellic acid at three levels (0, 250, 500) mg. L-1. The experiment was designed according to a completely randomized design (R.C.B.D.). The results showed the following. The 0% shading treatment had a significant effect on the characteristics of the number of flower clusters (19,836 clusters per plant), the length of the flower clusters (23,327 cm), the length of the flower (7,768 cm), and the fresh weight of the flower. Inflorescence (0.390 g), and the number of flowers in one inflorescence (36,095 flowers. Pink inflorescence. Plant-1). As for the effect of organic fertilizer (Penguin), both concentrations (25 and 50 gm Plant-1) had a significant effect. Characteristics of flower spike length (23.239 and 23.217 cm). Inflorescence length (6.699, 7.133 cm), inflorescence fresh weight (0.292, 0.298 g), and number of flowers in inflorescence (30.438, 30.715 flowers. inflorescence. plant-1), respectively. As for the effect of spraying with Gibberellic acid, the concentration treatment (250 and 500 mg L-1) significantly affected the length of the flower spike (22.812 and 23.215 cm). Respectively, treatment with 250 mg.L-1 significantly affected the length of the inflorescence (6.977 cm) and the number of flowers per inflorescence (30.656 flowers.Flower-1).
Shanti and Second Birth: S. Radhakrishnan on Literature, Art and Spiritual Values
Authors: Dr. Mamta Anand
Published: March 2024

Radhakrishnan, as a visionary educationist in his writings, has been a chief votary of the ideal of Gyanam -Vigyanam sahitam, meaning wisdom and the sciences go together. This paper investigates the thoughts of S. Radhakrishnan on how literature and art give a second birth in the spirit through wisdom. He holds that great works of literature and art give a spiritual birth regarded as a second birth in Indian culture. Once born in the vision of the spirit, Buddhi, that is, intelligence, works on the light of spirit, spiritual value or truth, stabilizing the mind, a zone of thoughts and feelings. A stable mind thus becomes divine by spiritual insight and vision. Literary compositions and arts born out of this state lend a person in Shanti tranquillity, a clear and pure mind capable of spiritual vision. Thus, writers and artists create the minds of the people and the nation.
Meditations on the Female Chronic Pain Experience in Literature: An Exploration of Lupus in Flannery O’Connor’s Letters
Authors: Pavini Suri  , Dr. Shivani Vashisht
Published: March 2024

“Men are more likely than women to be given medication when they report pain to their doctors. Women are more likely to be given sedatives,” claims Leslie Jamison while citing evidence from the 2001 study The Girl Who Cried Pain (Jamison 117). Pain as an experiential category is different from other somatic experiences, in that it is heavily dependent not only on its mitigation but also on its avowal of external perceptual forces. As Elaine Scarry puts it “To have great pain is to have certainty; to hear that another person has pain is to have doubt” (Scarry 7). This is true except in circumstances when one is inflicting pain on another – such as torture, where the other’s articulation of pain reinforces the effectiveness of pain being inflicted. 

A close look at the existing theoretical apparatus and literary representations of women’s physical pain reveals a big issue. Even when gender is acknowledged as a contributing factor in women’s pain, these conversations are often limited to representations of descriptions of sexual assault, childbirth and, fairly recently, menstruation.

The experiences of female pain that aren’t solely mediated through the genitalia, lack both representation and a theoretical vocabulary to talk about them productively. My engagement with pain as a symptom of lupus shows that there are experiences of pain heavily dependent on gender identity, which have nothing to do with the genitalia. In establishing a theoretical apparatus for talking about such experiences it might be useful to draw on Flannery O’Connor’s letters as a test for the theoretical apparatus thus developed.
Writing for Healing: A Metaphorical Conceptualisation of Mental Disorders in Shaheen Bhatt’s I’ve Never Been (Un)happier
Authors: Shinu C.  , Dr. Binu Zachariah
Published: March 2024

Illness narratives inarguably resonate with the physical and psychological pain experienced by the patients as well as the caregivers because of the impact of illness and social alienation.  The act of writing about the tribulations of being ill, as Lacan posits, protects the writer from its more devastating effects; though it is inadequate to eliminate psychosis.  Shaheen Bhatt narrates the agonizing ordeal in I’ve Never Been (Un)happier through a metaphorical conceptualisation of the mental disorders she suffers from. When the telling of the lived experience occurs, the writer creates an alternate story in which she plays the dominant role of a protagonist, retrospects the episodes of mood disorders and fantasizes about death. This paper attempts to analyse the significance of the conceptual metaphors corresponding to the pervasive psychological distress and the role of writing in the recovery process.
Introspecting on Adivasi Rights: A Critique of C K Janu’s Autobiography Mother Forest: The Unfinished Story of C K Janu
Authors: Minu Alex  , Dr.  S. Geetha Lakshmi
Published: March 2024

Mother Forest: The Unfinished Story of C.K Janu (2003) is an autobiography of C.K Janu, a tribal rights activist from Kerala. The paper examines how Janu narrates the essence of the tribal culture and its shared sense of mutuality with the environment. Describing the enriched experiences of the tribal society, achieved through ecological practices, Janu focuses on the fact that the tribal society maintains an inherent relationship with the forest. The indigenous philosophy of life and its impact on the sustenance of forest terrains, is highlighted in the narrative. The paper also examines the politics of power while analyzing Janu’s role as an activist for tribal land rights. The insensitivity of the system towards tribal culture and tribal land rights is critiqued against the backdrop of contemporary and contentious socio-political scenario.
Efek Pemberitaan Corona terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Warga DKI Jakarta Timur
Authors: Reza Fahlevi Muhammad , Andrini Susi
Published: March 2024

Pada penghujung tahun 2019, dunia dikagetkan dengan pemberitaan mewabahnya  sebuah virus Corona (Covid-19) dari Wuhan, Cina  Virus Corona ini telah diberitakan di berbagai media massa dan banyak menjadi perhatian masyarakat dunia karena telah menelan banyak korban.. Maraknya pemberitaan tentang korban Covid-19 di media,  membuat kebanyakan orang memiliki tingkat kecemasan yang tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah pemberitaan berkelanjutan tentang Corona di televisi dapat menyebabkan tingkat kecemasan pada warga DKI, Pondok Kelapa, Jakarta Timur. Metodologi penelitian ini bersifat ekspansif kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hubungan suatu variabel dengan variabel lain dalam menguji hipotesis. Waktu penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam rentang waktu antara Desember 2020 – Februari 2021. Pengumpulan data meliputi angket, analisis data, interpretasi data, dan diakhiri dengan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori komunikasi massa (teori kultivasi) yang dikemukakan oleh George Gerbner Bers. Data primer adalah kuesioner pada model penelitian skala Likert dengan sampel 91 orang dari populasi 975 orang dengan menggunakan rumus Taro Yamane. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pengaruh pemberitaan Corona yang terus menerus di televisi terhadap tingkat kecemasan warga DKI, Pondok Kelapa, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi praktisi penyiaran dalam mengembangkan ilmu komunikasi massa di masyarakat dan proses penyebaran informasi yang efektif dan edukatif melalui media televisi.
Kristus Sebagai Rahasia Allah dalam Pandangan Paulus dan Implikasinya Bagi Tugas Pemberita Injil
Authors: Ruseniati Ruseniati , Asmo Tobing Mintoni , Andre Yonathan Teo
Published: March 2024

Paulus adalah seorang teolog dan dikagumi karena pemikiran dan pelayanannya. Ada banyak pemikiran teologis dalam surat-surat kepada jemaat Kristen yang dia layani. Dalam arti Kristus adalah pusat kehidupan Paulus dan juga pemberitaan Injilnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menegtahui apa arti Kristus sebagai rahasia Allah dari konsep paulus itu dan juga, apakah implikasi dari konsep ini bagi tugas pemberita Injil. Kebenaran ini penting untuk diungkapkan agar pemberita Injil dapat membangun pola hidup dan pelayanan pemberitaan Injil di dalam Kristus sebagai dasarnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan metode kualitatif kepustakaan yaitu dengan melakukan kajian melalui literatur. Kehadiran Kristus, menjadi sentral hidup dan inti berita pelayanan Paulus. Menjadi begitu krusial, karena keselamatan ilahi ini menjadi pengharapan yang pasti dan hidup baru dalam karya Kristus yang tersedia bagi semua orang, baik Yahudi maupun non-Yahudi. Kristus sebagai rahasia Allah dalam pandangan Paulus merupakan pokok dasar dalam iman Kristen yang menegaskan tentang rencana kekal Allah bagi keselamatan, yang hanya terlaksana melalui karya Kristus. Rencana itu dahulu merupakan sebuah rahasia karena hanya dinyatakan melalui nubuatan tanpa penjelasan, namun sekarang dibukakan kepada orang percaya. Peran pemberita Injil sat ini ialah memerhatikan kedalaman pemahamannya tentang konsep teologi Kristen yang berpusat kepada Kristus, dan menjaga agar konsep itu tidak berubah ketika diberitakan. Pemberita Injjil harus dapat mengintegrasikan teks yang selalu relevan dengan konteks.