bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru dalam Mengintegrasikan HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) Pada Pembelajaran
Authors: Hanik Umi , Mardiyana Isna Ida , Rosid Abdul
Published: June 2020

Salah satu masalah dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum 2013 adalah terkait pengintegrasian keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi atau HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills) dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepada guru-guru khususnya di jenjang sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan yaitu, 1) tahap pra pelaksanaan kegiatan: wawancara dan observasi, dan 2) tahap pelaksanaan kegiatan: ceramah, tanya jawab, praktek, dan 3) tahap pasca pelaksanaan kegiatan: pendampingan intensif secara online melalui grup whatsapp . Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh guru-guru di Kecamatan Klampis, Kecamatan Sepulu dan Kecamatan Tanjung Bumi yang lokasi sekolahnya berada dalam wilayah penempatan KKN (Kuliah Kerja Nyata) yakni berada di beberapa desa di Kecamatan Klampis, Sepulu dan Tanjung Bumi. Struktur materi yang diberikan adalah 1) pemantapan kurikulum 2013, 2) pembelajaran berbasis HOTS, 3) penyusunan soal berbasis HOTS, 4)   pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis HOTS. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah peserta berhasil: 1) meningkatkan pemahaman tentang kurikulum 2013 dan pembelajaran berbasis HOTS, 2) menyusun soal berbasis HOTS, dan 3) mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis HOTS.
Design Recommendation Information Architecture of Hospital Website Using Bottom-Up Approach on Card Sorting Method
Authors: Dewi Risqi Puspa , Sabariah Mira Kania , Effendy Veronikha
Published: June 2020

One of the public facilities that use websites is the hospital. However, there are some shortcomings complained by users related to the hospital website, which is the lack of information, confusing view of the menu, etc. Therefore, we need the information architecture to manage related content and website structure. The build of information architecture is done by using a bottom-up approach in card sorting. There are five stages in the research, which the first stage is a strategy to equalize the goal in the development of the hospital website either from the point of view of the organization or company and the user's point of view of the hospital website. The second stage is a scope to find out what are the needs of the user in order to build the hospital website. The third stage is structure, which is the formation of the initial structure of information architecture by using a bottom-up approach to the card sorting method. The type of card sorting that is commonly used is the open card sorting. The fourth stage is the skeleton stage, which is used to make information architecture model design using wireframe and prototype. The fifth stage is the test using findability testing and usability testing. From the test, the design of information architecture is made to fulfill the desires and needs of users, as proven by the results of findability testing achieved 15.9 seconds, and the results of usability testing achieved 80.33. Hence, by the results of these tests, it can be concluded that the design of information architecture at the hospital website has a good value from findability testing and usability testing.
Wrapper-Based Feature Selection Analysis For Semi-Supervised Anomaly Based Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Silaban Andreas Jonathan , Mandala Satria , Mustofa Erwid Jadied
Published: June 2020

Intrusion Detection System (IDS) plays as a role in detecting various types of attacks on computer networks. IDS identifies attacks based on a classification data network. The result of accuracy was weak in past research. To solve this problem, this research proposes using a wrapper feature selection method to improve accuracy detection. Wrapper-Feature selection works in the preprocessing stage to eliminate features. Then it will be clustering using a semi-supervised method. The semi-supervised method divided into two steps. There are supervised random forest and unsupervised using Kmeans. The results of each supervised and unsupervised will be ensembling using linear and logistic regression. The combination of wrapper and semi-supervised will get the maximum result.
The influence of heat treatment on the structural phase state and durometric properties of small-sized castings from a copper alloy Cu-Cr-Al
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Kukareko V. A. , Kharkov V. A. , Kushnerov V. A. , Sazonenko I. O.
Published: June 2020

The effect of heat treatment on the structural-phase state and hardness of small-sized castings made from the Cu-Cr-Al copper alloy obtained by casting in a water-cooled metal mold is studied. Using X-ray diffraction analysis, it was found that the castings consist of a matrix solid solution based on copper. The increased value of the crystal lattice parameter of the copper phase is associated with aluminum atoms dissolved in it. After a low-temperature (450 °C) tempering for 10 hours, the crystal lattice parameter of the matrix solid solution decreases, which is associated with the formation of the Al8Cr5 intermetallic compound on the surface of the casting.

It is established that after heat treatment (hardening and tempering), the hardness of castings from the Cu-Cr-Al alloy increases by 1.5 times.
Spectral analysis of UV-spectrum elements in steel using portable optical emission spectrometers
Authors: Bankova Zh. N. , Birisen T. S.
Published: June 2020

Optical emission spectroscopy is used to determine the mass fraction of elements such as carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, copper, aluminum, molybdenum, vanadium, titanium, arsenic, tin, boron, calcium, etc. Most of the analytical lines of the analyzed elements are located in the visible light spectrum, but the analytical lines of carbon, phosphorus and sulfur are located in the ultraviolet radiation spectrum.

Ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation) is electromagnetic radiation that occupies the spectral range between visible and x ray radiation. The wavelengths of UV radiation are in the range from 10 to 400 nm. The area of UV radiation is divided into: near from 400 to 200 nm; far from 380 to 200 nm; vacuum from 200 to 10 nm.

Structural particularities of the structure of the optical system of stationary spectrometers allow determining the mass fraction of chemical elements, including phosphorus and sulfur, with sufficient accuracy and reliability. This article discusses the possibility of determining the mass fractions of phosphorus and sulfur, the analytical lines of which lie in the area of ultraviolet radiation, using portable optical emission spectrometers.
Influence of mechanical correction on the geometric and mechanical properties of cold-formed periodic profile fittings
Authors: Loktionova L. V.
Published: June 2020

The article describes the process of mechanical correction of cold-formed fittings produced in coils on industrial rightsized cutting machines of rotary and roller types. The main qualitative characteristics of the reinforcement are given, such as: ultimate tensile strength, offset yield stress, the ratio of ultimate tensile strength offset yield stress, conditional yield strength, total elongation at maximum load and the relative area of crumpling. To assess the effect of mechanical correction on the properties of cold-formed periodic profile fittings, statistical data is used for testing samples of fittings produced in coils and straightened before manual testing and samples of the same fittings transferred from consumer companies after mechanical correction on right-sized rotary type cut machines.

Tensile testing of samples was performed on testing machines in the laboratory of physical and mechanical tests No. 3 of the OJSC «BSW – Management Company of the Holding «BMC» in accordance with the requirements of ISO 15630-1:2010 «Steel for concrete reinforcement and pre-stressing. Test method. Part 1. Reinforcing rods, wire rod and wire» and ISO 6892:2016 «Metal Materials. Tensile test. Part 1. Method of test at ambient room temperature».
Thermodynamic metal crystallization basics
Authors: Marukovich E. I. , Stetsenko V. Yu.
Published: June 2020

On the basis of thermodynamic calculations it is shown that crystallization of metals is a thermodynamic process, which takes place mainly at constant temperature. The exception is crystallization at very high cooling rates of the metal melt when the released solidification heat is not enough to stabilize the crystallization temperature of the liquid metal. In crystallization, the specific interfacial surface energy of crystals is not a constant value, but is proportional to their dimensions (bend radius).

Nanocrystals of crystallizing phases exist in the metal melt steadily. Metal crystallization aggregates nanocrystals and free metal melt atoms into microcrystals. Mechanism of dendritic crystallization of metals is proposed.
THE SRY GENE VARIATIONS AMONGST SELECTED MADURA CATTLE POPULATIONS
Authors: Prihatin Koko Wisnu , Maylinda Sucik , Hakim Luqman
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the diversity of the sex-determining region Y (SRY) gene in Madura cattle bulls that had specifically selected for the production of frozen semen. DNA was isolated from the whole blood derived from 5 Madura cattle bulls and the SRY gene amplification carried out using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with SRY-4 as a primer followed by DNA sequencing. Results revealed the proximity of the Madura cattle SRY genes to the Bos indicus SRY genes, furthermore this study also proved the existence of variation in Madura cattle SRY gene caused by mutation and deletion of nucleotides. It was concluded that the variations in Madura cattle SRY genes still persist even in the specifically selected populations with similar phenotype.
ULTRASOUND IMAGING OF POSTPARTUM UTERINE INVOLUTION AND OVARIUM DYNAMIC IN ONGOLE CROSSBREED COWS
Authors: Sukareksi Hazar , Amrozi Amrozi , Tumbelaka Ligaya ITA
Published: June 2020

This study aimed to determine ultrasound of uterine involution and postpartum ovarian dynamics on Ongole Crossbreed Heifer (PO) associated with postpartum estrus signs. This study used 6 PO cows which were divided into primiparous group and pluripara group. The observation of uterine involution and ovarian dynamics was started from the first day postpartum using ultrasonography (USG) with a linear probe rectally, while the reproductive organs images were recorded every 2 days. The results showed that the time needed for all reproductive organs of 3 primiparous groups to complete the uterine involution after parturition was 37.33±1.15 days when the diameter of the vagina, cervix uterine, corpus uterine, left cornua, and right cornua uterine were 3.14±0.00 cm, 2.86±0.00 cm, 3.20±0.06 cm, 4.66±0.01 cm, and 4.66±0.01 cm, respectively. The time needed for all reproductive organs of 3 pluripara groups to complete uterine involution postpartum was 38.67±1.15 days with the diameter of the vagina, cervix uterine, corpus uterine, left cornua, and right cornua uterine 3.18±0.00 cm, 2.70±0.02 cm, 3.08±0.02 cm, 4.42±0.01 cm, and 4.42±0.01 cm, respectively. The average times of the first and second ovulation of primiparous cattle were 27.67±1.15 and 47.67±1.15 days postpartum, whereas in pluripara group was 28.33±1.15 and 48.33±1.15 days postpartum. At first ovulation all cows were not accompanied by signs of estrus, while at the second ovulation 2 primiparous cows and 1 pluripara cow showed less obvious signs of estrus, 1 primiparous cow and 1 pluripara cow showed signs of medium estrus, and 1 pluripara cow showed clear estrus signs.
STUDY OF Coleus amboinicus STEM EXTRACT IN INHIBITING MACROPHAGE CD-68 EXPRESSION IN WISTAR RATS WITH URIC ACID-INDUCED NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Solfaine Rondius , Mubarokah Wida Wahidah , Muniroh Lailatul
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of Coleus amboinicus (CA) stem extracts on uric acid-induced nephropathy by comparingthe levels of Macrophage CD-68 expression and concentration of serum Cystatine C (CYS C ) in Wistar rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats(Rattus norvegicus) with a body weight (bw) of 200-250 g, were allocated into three groups, with eight animals per group. The rats in controlgroup (PO) received 0.1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution orally The rats in group 2 (P1) were orally induced with uric acid (UA) (500mg/kg) and oxonic acid (OA) (750 mg/kg.) and the rats in group 3 (P2) received uric acid (500 mg/kg), oxonic acid (750 mg/kg), and 500 mg/kgof the CA stem extracts for 35 days. Bloods were collected for analysis of serum CYS C expression and concentration of serum creatinine andblood nitrogen urea (BUN). The rats in all groups were sacrificed for kidney tissue extractions for macrophage CD-68 identification andhistopathology analysis. The levels of CYS C concentrations were analyzed by Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Sandwich-ELISA. Theresults showed that Coleus amboinicus stem extract at dose of 500 mg/kg bw can significantly reduce BUN and creatinine levels (P≤0.05), whileCys C levels were not different. In the treatment group (P2) compared with group (P1). CD-68 (ED-1) macrophage activity decreasedsignificantly (P≤0.05) in the treatment group (P2) compared to the control group and (P1). Nephrophaty induction using UA and OA causessevere kidney lesions characterized by degeneration, necrosis and inflammation of the renal tubules and glomerulus in the treatment group.
CRYOPRESERVATION OF KAMPUNG ROOSTER SEMEN USING EGG YOLK DILUENT FROM FOUR TYPES OF POULTRY WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS
Authors: Khairuddin Khairuddin , Kurniawan Muhammad Erik , Soman Soman
Published: June 2020

The aim of this study was to determine the type and the best concentration of egg yolk in maintaining the quality of kampung rooster spermatozoa during cryopreservation. This study used a completely randomized factorial pattern design with the first factor was the type of egg yolk (purebred chicken, kampung chicken, duck, and quail) and the second factor was the concentration of egg yolk (5%, 10%, and 15%). Semen was collected from twelve kampung roosters using massage method. Immediately after collection, the semen was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Semen with more than 70% motility was used in this study. The semen was diluted, packed in a ministraw, equilibrated, and frozen using liquid nitrogen vapor and stored in a liquid nitrogen container for 24 hours. Observation of spermatozoa motility was carried out in fresh semen, diluted semen, after equilibration and after thawing with four replications. The results showed that the type of egg yolk treatment had no effect (P0.05) on the recovery rate and motility of spermatozoa before and after cryopreservation, but egg yolk concentration had a highly significant effect (P0.01) on the quality of spermatozoa. Egg yolks in 10-15% concentration had spermatozoa motility and recovery rate higher than egg yolk with 5% concentration. In conclusion, purebred chicken egg yolk, kampung chicken egg yolk, duck egg yolk, and quail egg yolk each in diluent can be used to maintain the quality of kampung rooster spermatozoa at a concentration of 10-15% during cryopreservation.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTOR OF STONGYLOIDOSIS IN BEEF CATTLE IN KASIMAN SUBDISTRICT, BOJONEGORO
Authors: Ridwan Yusuf , Satrija Fadjar , Winarso Aji
Published: June 2020

A pair of cross-sectional studies was conducted to determine prevalence and risk factors of Strongyloides spp. (threadworm) infections in beef cattle in Kasiman Subdistrict, the Regency of Bojonegoro. A total of 263 and 270 of local beef cattle with various age were selected  for faecal sample during dry season (August-October) and wet season (February-March), respectively. Feces were processed for counting the number of eggs per gram feces (EPG) using McMaster method. The prevalence of strongyloidosis was 4.56% and 7.04% in the dry season and the rainy season, respectively. The factors that associated with prevalence and intensity infection were age and sex of cattle. During the dry season and the rainy season, the calf  and weaner group (1 year) was more susceptible for Strongyloides infection than cattle with older age and showed higher intensity of infection (based on EPG values). The bulls showed a higher risk and intensity of infection than cows.
SINGLE BULB GARLIC (Allium sativum) EXTRACT IMPROVE SPERM QUALITY IN HYPERLIPIDEMIA MALE MICE MODEL
Authors: Qadariah Nosi , Lestari Sri Rahayu , Rohman Fatchur
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to find out the influence of single bulb garlic on sperm quality improvement in hyperlipidemia model of male mice. Male mice (Balb-C, 12 weeks, bw 21±5 g) were given high fat diet for 45 days until their body weight achieved 45±5 g. The mice were then divided into six groups. The mice in the first group (control group (N)) was fed with 7 g higrow pokphan 551 per day. The mice in the second group (control negative group) was fed with 7 g high fat diet (HFD), while the mice in the third group (control positive group) were treated with statin at  dose of 0.91 mg. The mice in groups 4, 5, and 6 were treated with single bulb garlic extract at dose of 125 mg/kg bw, 250 mg/kg bw, and 500 mg/kg bw, respectively. On the 31st day, the male were dissected and cauda epididymis was taken and chopped in a sterile phosphat buffer saline (PBS) and observation conducted on sperm quality consisted of sperm count, sperm motility and sperm normality. The results indicated a significant increase in sperm count, motility and normality in mice treated with single bulb garlic extract at dose of 250 mg/kg bw.
L3 Populations in Laying Hens Infected with 6,000 L2 of Ascaridia galli
Authors: D Darmawi , Balqis Ummu , Tiuria Risa , Soejoedono Retno D. , Pasaribu Fachriyan H.
Published: June 2020

The aim of the present study was to determine the survival of L3 populations in intestine ofchickens exposed to experimental Ascaridia galli infection. Nature female adult worm were obtained fromlumen of village chickens in a comercial abattoir in Bogor. The eggs (L1) obtained from uteri female adultworms were incubated in sterile aquadestilata at room temperature for 10-20 days developed embrionatedeggs (L2). Five groups (A-D) of 80 head chickens were infected with, 6000 L2 A. galli respectively. Thechickens of group A were infected six times with dose of each 1,000 L2 with an interval of one hour. Thechickens of group B were infected three times with dose of each 2,000 L2 with an interval of two hours.The chickens of group C were infected six times with dose of each 3,000 L2 with an interval of three hours. The chickens of group D were infected one time with single dose 6,000 L2. A. galli L3 were recovered from intestines of 80 heads chickens seven days after oesophagus inoculation with 6,000 L2.The result showed that total 702,000 L1 and 628,000 L2 collected from 124 A. galli female adult worms.The percentage of L1 developed L2 is 89.46% and L2 developed L3 is 11.27%. Significant survival of L3higher populations in intestine of chickens observed only in the group D. The results indicated thatchickens infected high dose of A. galli caused the decrease of host defence against ascaridiosis. Keywords: Ascaridia galli, embrionated eggs, larvae
The Ectoparasites Inventory on Cultured Carp in Floating Cage Net at Laut Tawar Lake Kabupaten Aceh Tengah
Authors: W Winaruddin , E Eliawardani
Published: June 2020

The aimed of this research is inventoried the parasites of carp in floating cage net at Laut TawarLake. This study used 100 fishes consisted of 50 fries and 50 reproductive stadia. The result of thisresearch indicates the parasites found in the fishes are Trichodina sp., Ichtyophthirius multifiliis,Dactylogyrus sp., Gyrodactylus sp., Epistylis sp. and Lernaea sp. Protozoan parasites were found in allfishes and infected fish organs, while metazoan parasites infected fins and gills and copepods only infectedskin.Keywords: parasites, carps, floating cage net, Laut Tawar Lake
THE USE OF CASSAVA LEAVES AS A DIETARY COMPONENT FOR AFRICAN CATFISH FRY
Authors: Sutriana Amalia
Published: June 2020

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of graded levels of cassava leaf meal (CLM) with varying cyanide content on growth performance of African catfish (Clariasgariepinus) fry. There were four groups of fish, each comprising 12 fish per group. One groupwas fed on a control diet (0 mg HCN/kg diet) with fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SBM) asprotein source (30% CP). Groups two, three and four were fed graded levels of CLM to replace10, 20, and 30% of the total diet at the expense of SBM which contains 4.19, 7.47 and 11.96 mgHCN/ kg diet respectively. After 12 weeks, fish fed with increasing level of CLM showed asignificant growth depression and poor feed utilization compared to those fed the control diet.Apparent dry matter digestibility (ADMD) and apparent protein digestibility (APD) were alsosignificantly (P0.05) affected by cassava leaf meal inclusion, with the best values were found infish fed the control diet (52.26+0.24% and 83.11+1.17% for ADMD and APD respectively). Bodycomposition of fish fed higher CLM tended to have less protein and fat but more ash. The poormethionine availability as a result of low protein digestibility and the presence cyanide contentlimits the use of CLM in African catfish fry diet.Keywords: African catfish, cassava, growth, cyanide
IDENTIFICATION OF COPPER-INDUCIBLE GENES IN SWORDTAIL FISH (Xiphophorus spp.) USING DIFFERENTIAL DISPLAY
Authors: Aliza Dwinna , Muhammad Tengku
Published: June 2020

Differential display technique was used to identify differentially expressed gene ofswordtail fish (Xiphophorus spp.) that induced by 1 µg/ml copper for 24 hours. From eightprimers that have been used for differential display, seven of them showed the differentialgenes which were not present in the control. The reamplification of these fragments rangingfrom below 100 to 200 bp. But only two fragments were successfully cloned and sequenced,those are H-AP10 and H-AP11. Sequence analysis showed that both of the sequences revealedhigh similarity with Homo sapiens stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum protein, a signalgenerated that induces apoptosis.Keywords: differential display, swordtail fish, copper pollution, mRNA expression, biomarker
Correlation of Aspergillus flavus with the Concentration of Aflatoxin B1 in Ikan Kayu
Authors: Safika Safika
Published: June 2020

The objective of this research was to know the contamination of Aspergillus flavus in ikan kayu and the number of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) produced. Also the corelation the number of A. flavus with AFB1. Samples were taken from traditional markets in Banda Aceh and Lhokseumawe. The sample were used to isolation and identify A. flavus also detect the present of AFB1 by ELISA (Enzym Linked ImmunosorbantAssay). The result shows that all samples show the present of A. flavus with the concentration 1 x 102-61 x 102 Cfu/g and the concentration of AFB1 between 0.9-38.7 ppb. In conclusion the present A. flavus in ikan kayu has a corelation with the production of AFB1.
The Distributions of Glycogen in the Stomach on Long Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) during Pre and Postnatal Period
Authors: Rahmi Erdiansyah
Published: June 2020

The study was done to investigate the glycogen distribution in the stomach of long tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). The study used eight individuals of long tailed macaques consist of 6 fetuses (55, 70, 85, 100, 120, and 150 days pregnancy) and 2 infants (10 and 105 days). The gastrict tract were histologically stained using Hematoxyllin-Eosin (HE), and histochemically stained using Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), to detect glycogen. The results revealed that the histogenesis pattern of stomach glandullar cells are developed in line with the age of the fetuses and infant. We also found that glycogen existance are increase in line with the age in the glandullar stomach. From the present study we concluded that the glycogen distribution in gastrict glandular cells were influenced by the age in the fetal period, while in the infant was under influence of the digestion activities, and the activities of the gastrict glandular cells was already seen at 55 days gestation.
PERANAN HEMAGLUTININ Escherichia coli DALAM PROSES ADHESI
Authors: Abrar Mahdi
Published: June 2020

Adhesi merupakan tahap inisiasi dari proses kolonisasi bakteri. Kemampuan adhesi ini diperantarai oleh keberadaan hemaglutinin pada permukaan bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat kemampuan hemaglutinin pada Escherichia coli dalam proses adhesi. Uji adhesi pada sel epitel pipi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Velentine-Weiggand. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Escherichia coli yang memiliki hemaglutinin menunjukkan kemampuan adhesi yang jauh lebih baik yakni rata-rata 67,6 bakteri/sel dibandingkan dengan   yang tidak memiliki hemaglutinin rata-rata 7,2 bakteri/sel. Kemampuan adhesi ini berkaitan dengan keberadaan hemaglutinin di permukaan bakteri.
PROFIL HORMON ESTROGEN DAN PROGESTERON PADA SIKLUS BERAHI KAMBING LOKAL (Estrogen and Progesterone Profile in Aceh Local Goat Estrous Cycle )
Authors: Siregar Tongku Nizwan
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to find out the normal estrogen and progesterone profile in local goat estrous cycle.  Five female Aceh local goats which the criteria clinically in good condition, have been giving birth before, 1.5-3.0 years old, and showed minimal twice regularly estrous cycle. All samples were synchronized with 0.5 ml cloprostenol (Estrone, Bioveta) using randomly infection pattern. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Blood serum was collected for examination of estrogen and progesterone content on 0, 7, 14, and 21 day of estrous cycle (day 0 of estrous cycle). Hormone analysis was conducted using ELISA. The results showed that estrogen and progesterone profile on day 0, 7, 14, and 21 were 62.21; 28.61; 29.84; 79.89 pg/ml and 0.0; 8.6; 14.7; 0.0 ng/ml respectively.Keywords: estrogen, progesterone, estrous cycle, Aceh local goats
Isolation and Characterization of Avian Influenza Virus Based on Macroscopic Examination of Native Chicken Embryo
Authors: Fakhrurrazi Fakhrurrazi , Budiman Hamdani
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to isolate and characterize the virus based on macroscopic examination of native chickens embryo infected with the AI virus. This research used 10 infected native chickens from Ateuk Pahlawan and Doi villages. All chickens were examined to identify the present of AI using rapid test and in ovo virus propagation. Rapid test showed 7 chickens from Ateuk Pahlawan villageand 5 chickens from Doi village were AI positive. Propagation of the viruses in 11 days old chicken embryo in ovo showed that embryo died 5 days post inoculated whereas macroscopic examination showed dwarfed embryo, hemorrhagic, and loss of feather.
Characterization of Inhibin from Culture and Non Culture of Granulose Cells for Monoclonal Antibody of Inhibin Production
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin , Nizwan Siregar Tongku , Sutriana Amalia , Aliza Dwinna , Armansyah T.
Published: June 2020

This study has long-term objectives to obtain immunogenic prototype that can be used to induce multiple ovulation in goats. Working steps of this study were begun with the collection of ovarium from goats, collection of granulose cells, culture of granulose and characterization of molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) of inhibin protein of granulose cells obtained from culture and non-culture of granulose cells, and followed by preparation of monoclonal antibody toward inhibin. The results showed that inhibin isolated either from culture or non-culture of granulose cells produced a 32 kDa band. Molecular weight of inhibin was measured by Western Blot. The 32 kDa band of SDS PAGE product appeared on Western Blot result was inhibin molecules produced by granulose cells collected fom culture and non-culture of granulose cells that can be identified by Mab-inhibin. Product of IEF gel electrophoresis suggested that inhibin molecule collected from culture of granulose cells has no charge at isoelectric points ranging from 5-6, depends on its total amino acid composition.
The Effects of Sulphaquinoxalin in Broiler Chicken: Clinical Symptom and Anatomical Pathology
Authors: Salim M. Nur , Masyitha Dian
Published: June 2020

The clinical symptom and anatomical pathology effect of sulphaquinoxalin administration were studied in 12 male -seven days-old Hubbard broiler chickens with the weight of 85.57.83 g. The chickens were randomly dividedinto 2 groups of 6 each. The P0 group as control group just orally received aquadest and the P groups were treated 1 orally with 0.1% sulphaquinoxalin which dissolved in drinking water. The sulphaquinoxalin was administrated forseven days. At the end of experiment all chickens were sacrificed for necropsy. The results indicated that less appetite and drinking water as well as decrease of body weight (P0.01). Ptechial haemorrhagic was seen in thorax andfemur muscle, mucosa of duodenum, liver, kidney, heart, lung, and spleen. The liver, kidney, heart, and spleen were swollen.
The Total Erythrocyte Count, Hematocrit Value, and Hemoglobin Concentration in Broiler Supplemented With Feed Additive
Authors: Satyaningtijas Aryani Sismin , Widhyari Sus Dherti , Natalia Ratna Delima
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research was to find out the total erythrocyte count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin concentration in broiler chicken treated with turmeric, garlic, and zinc supplementation. One hundred broiler chickens were divided intofive groups by randomized and four replications of each. Feed supplement combinations were R0 (basal), R1 (garlic and turmeric), R2 (garlic and zinc), R3 (turmeric and zinc), and R4 (turmeric, garlic and zinc). Blood sample was taken at the age of 6 weeks after treatment to determine total erythrocyte count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin concentration. The result showed that total erythrocyte count in group of R3 (turmeric powder 1.5% and zinc oxide 120 ppm) were significantly higher than R0 (P0.05) were 3.32±0.73x106/ìl. Total erythrocyte count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin concentration groupof R2 and R3 were tended to be higher than R0, meanwhile group of R4 did not different from R0. Feed supplemented with hebal and zink would increase the total erythrocyte count, hematocrit value, and hemoglobin concentration in broiler chicken.
Diagnóstico do Lixo Marinho e Ações de Educação Ambiental na Praia de Navegantes/SC
Authors: ROSA CRISTIANE , Widmer Walter
Published: June 2020

O lixo marinho tem contribuído consideravelmente para a poluição marinha e é uma das tendências globais para a questão ambiental. Como resultado da poluição marinha tem-se os impactos à biota, impactos econômicos à pesca e os impactos visuais nas praias. É necessária a realização de estudos que identifiquem a composição, abundância e o comportamento desses detritos diante das variáveis meteorológicas afim de contribuir para que ações de prevenção e mitigação sejam realizadas de forma efetiva. O presente estudo teve como objetivo diagnosticar o lixo marinho na faixa de areia da Praia de Navegantes/SC quanto a sua composição e abundância, suas possíveis fontes, bem como a ocorrência de pellets plásticos, buscando ao final do estudo resultados que venham a contribuir para os órgãos ambientais locais definirem melhores ações de prevenção e mitigação do lixo marinho, como a elaboração de uma coleção didática de lixo marinho como ferramenta de educação ambiental. Foram identificados 509 itens, sendo a grande maioria dos itens representados por detritos plásticos (464 itens). Foram também observados um total de 50 pellets plásticos. A proximidade com os portos de Itajai e Navegantes permite considerar a atividade portuária como uma das possíveis fontes desses pellets.  As prováveis origens dos resíduos foram em grande maioria “Usuário de praia”, seguido de “Origem indeterminada”. Para a elaboração da coleção didático-científica de lixo marinho  optou-se pelo formato digital através das coleta de informações, dados, detritos marinhos e imagens feitas durante as amostragens.
Revisão das Informações do Boto-Cinza (Sotalia guinensis) na Costa Brasileira
Authors: Farina Karina , Rennó Braga Marcelo
Published: June 2020

Os cetáceos, como o golfinho Sotalia guianensis (boto-cinza), são animais marinhos cujas populações vem diminuindo devido aos impactos antrópicos em seus ambientes. Assim, verificar o conhecimento sobre a espécie e suas áreas de proteção é importante para adotar novas medidas se preservação da espécie. Para isto, foi verificada a ocorrência do boto-cinza em unidades de conservação federais pelo endereço eletrônico do ICMBio e realizada uma revisão bibliográfica dos dados ambientais da espécie ao longo da costa brasileira. Foram identificadas 21 unidades de conservação com áreas terrestres e marinhas que possui registro para a espécie, sendo que destas, 15 são unidades de conservação de uso sustentável. Já em relação aos dados ecológicos, a espécie foi encontrada em sua maioria em águas rasas (menor que 10metros), com temperatura média da água variando de 21,9 a 24,2º. Em algumas áreas observou-se que o golfinho usa áreas maiores em estações diferentes, além de sua frequência em relação a sazonalidade também variar dentre os locais estudados. Ainda, foi identificado relações com a precipitação e maré. Apesar de apresentarem respostas diferentes as variáveis, os estudos indicam que o comportamento das populações de Sotalia guianensis pode ser explicado pela distribuição de suas presas, as quais também variam ao longo da costa brasileira.
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of Steam-Assisted-Gravity-Drainage Well Operations for Real-Time Production Optimization
Authors: Patel Rajan G. , Trivedi Japan J.
Published: June 2020

In deep oil-sands deposits using the steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) recovery process, real-time optimization (RTO) involves controlling optimum subcool to ensure steam conformance. Contemporary workflows use linear model predictive control (MPC) with oversimplified models that are inadequate to represent highly complex, spatially distributed, and nonlinear reservoir dynamics. In this research, two novel workflows using nonlinear MPC (NMPC) are proposed. The first workflow reduces an NMPC problem to linear MPC by estimating an equivalent linear model of a nonlinear black-box model in a mean-square-error sense. Another approach is to use nonlinear dynamic models explicitly for accurate prediction of the plant states and/or outputs. The resulting nonconvex, nonlinear cost optimization problem is solved using an interior-point algorithm at each control interval. Proposed workflows are tested using the history-matched, field-scale model of a SAGD reservoir located in northern Alberta, Canada. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results reveals that nonlinear black-box models based on system identification theory can successfully capture the nonlinearity of the SAGD process. Also, both workflows can control the subcool above the desired set-point while ensuring stable well operations. More than a 24% increment is achieved in net present value (NPV) using proposed NMPC workflows compared with the field operations with no closed-loop control. Overall, NMPC can successfully be used for improved RTO, energy efficiency, and greenhouse gas emissions while considering available surface facilities and well configurations.
Insight into the PZA resistance whole genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Tahir , Ali Sajid , Khan anwar Sheed , Ali Arif , Khan Abbas , Kaushak Aman Chandra , Irfan Muhammad , Chinnasamy Satheshkumar , Zhang Shulin , Zhang Yu-Juan , Cui Zhelie , Wei Amie , Wang Yanjie , Zhao Mingzhu , Liu Kejia , Zeb Muhammad Tariq , wang Heng , Wei Dong Qing
Published: June 2020

Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health issue, getting worse due to emergence of resistance. Pyrazinamide (PZA) is first-line antimicrobial drugs used against non-replicated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Data is scarce about whole genome sequencing of PZA resistance (PZA-R) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of high burden country, Pakistan. In the current study we aimed to find the most common mutations in PZA-R MTB isolates in association with other candidate genes in a whole genome sequence (WGS). Samples were collected from TB suspects and drug susceptibility testing (DST) was performed according according to the WHO standards. The resistant samples were subjected for whole genome sequencing (WGS). The sequence data was through MTBseq and Total Genotyping Solution for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TGS-TB). Metabolic model was analyzed, using RAST server.
Results

Among the three whole genome sequences, (NCBI BioProject Accession: PRJNA629298, PRJNA629388) 1997, 1162, and 2053 mutations including indel, was detected. Diverse variability has been detected in the membrane proteins PE and PPE, modulating the host immune response. Nine mutations in coding and promotor region have been detected in pncA with one novel (T-4C) variants. Mutations in the other drug candidate genes, KatG, rpoB have also been detected.
Conclusion

The metabolic model shows a distinct property. Diversity of variants has been detected in majority of MTB essential genes, functions from cell growth to cell signaling. The current study provides useful information, associated with geographic specific strains for biomarkers development and better management of drug resistance isolates.
Uterine Evacuation before Operative Hysteroscopy in Patients with Active Uterine Bleeding: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sayyah-Melli Manizheh , Kazemi-Shishavan Maryam , Behravan Nooshin , Gharabaghi Parvin Mostafa , Rahmani Vahideh
Published: June 2020

BackgroundConcurrent bleeding or existing clots usually obscure the vision field and decrease the success rate in hysteroscopy. Therefore, any effort to have a clear view during the hysteroscopy will meliorate the diagnostic or treatment outcomes. We examined the effect of preoperative clot evacuation on hysteroscopy and patient outcomes.MethodsIn this parallel-group trial, 114 patients with uterine bleeding were randomly assigned to receive either clot evacuation before standard operative hysteroscopy or standard hysteroscopy alone. The primary endpoints were the clarity of vision, amount of bleeding, the volume of consumed media, duration of the procedure, and postoperative complications.ResultsAll 114 participants completed the study. There were statistically significant differences in the frequency of the clear vision (p < 0.001), the severity of bleeding (p = 0.0006), mean procedure time (p < 0.001), mean serum volume used (p < 0.001), and the postoperative hematocrit levels [95% CI (-3.00, -1.88)] (p < 0.001) between groups. There was no difference related to in-hospital stay (p = 0.081) and anesthetic complications among the patients (p = 0.182). The procedure was successfully performed on all patients of both groups with zero postoperative complications.ConclusionRemoval of clots and other uterine contents before the insertion of the hysteroscope rendered better and faster access to the uterine wall to observe existing abnormalities. This method of starting the hysteroscopy procedure has a significant impact on surgical outcomes.Trial registration: Clinical trial registry name: Iranian Registry of Clinical TrialsUrl: https://en.irct.ir/trial/33369The registration number: IRCT20101130005283N13Date of registration: 2018-11-16
Silver Nanoparticles Offer a Synergistic Effect with Fluconazole Against Fluconazole-Resistant Candida Albicans by Abrogating Drug Efflux Bumps and Increasing Endogenous ROS
Authors: Sun Wenping , Jia Dongmei
Published: June 2020

Objectives: A frequent emergence of drug resistance has been observed and posed great threat to global public health recently. This work aimed to investigate the potential synergistic effect and the underlying mechanisms of AgNPs-fluconazole combination more extensively through 2 clinically isolated fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans (C. albicans) strains.Methods: Antifungal properties of AgNPs and fluconazole alone or together against planktonic cells and biofilms were tested. Cellular and molecular targets associated with fluconazole resistance were monitored after AgNPs treatment. Antifungal potential of AgNPs-fluconazole combination was also explored in vivo using a mouse model of disseminated candidiasis. Tissue burden and survival rate were analyzed. Results: The results indicated that AgNPs worked synergistically with fluconazole against both planktonic cells of fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and biofilms formed < 12 hours. AgNPs treatment down-regulated ERG1, ERG11, ERG25, and CDR2, decreased membrane ergosterol levels and membrane fluidity, reduced membrane content of Cdr1p, Cdr2p, and thus efflux bump activity. The elevated ROS production was also a likely cause of the synergistic effect. In vivo, AgNPs and fluconazole combination significantly decreased the fungal burden and improved the survival rate of infected mice. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results further confirm that AgNPs-fluconazole combination is a hopeful strategy for the treatment of fluconazole-resistant fungal infections.
Diarrhoeal Diseases in Children under five years Exhibits space-time disparities and priority areas for control interventions in Rwanda
Authors: NSHIMIYIMANA Ladislas , Onyambu Peris Monchari , Rutayisire Erigene
Published: June 2020

Background: The Diarrhoeal diseases remain to be a public health concern despite the existence of preventive measures and developing are the most affected. It affects more children under five years compared to the rest of the population. The burden of childhood diarrhoea varies with geographical area and time bound. A part from this variation, the link between climate change and diarrhoea among children under five years has not been well understood. This study aims to determine the trends, spatial temporal and seasonal characteristics of diarrhoea diseases among Rwandan children under five years using routine Health Management Information System (HMIS) data from 2014 to 2018.Methods: This was an ecological study using retrospective data analysis. Incidence were used to examine the trend, and excess hazard was assessed to determine the risk and likelihood for the occurrence of cases. Retrospective Discrete Poisson model was used to identify spatial, temporal and spatial-temporal clusters of diarrhoea. Linear regression was used to assess relationship between climatology variables and the occurrence of diarrhoea. Results: In total, 1,012,827 new diarrhoeal diseases episodes were reported during 2014-2018 with an annual incidence rate of 12,669/100,000 children under five years. Excess risk was noticed in 12/30 (40%) of country’s districts (RR>1). Most significant spatial clusters of diarrhoea were observed in the northern province (RR=1.66, p<001). We found a statistically significant positive and negative relationship between diarrhoeal disease, and temperature and rainfall respectively (p<0.001). Increase in one millimeter of rainfall was associated with decrease of 14 cases of diarrhoea while increase of one degree Celsius of temperature was associated with an increase of 17 diarrhoea cases.Conclusion: More districts were remarked with risk of diarrhoea which require targeted control intervention. Furthermore, significant association between diarrhoea case and climate dynamics was observed. This call for the public attention to climate changes which affect health especially children aged less than five years
Incidence and risk factors for postictal delirium in patients after electroconvulsive therapy in China
Authors: Cheng Nan , Liu Dezhao , Guo Yue , Du Jingyi , Xiang Ping , Hei Ziqing , Li Xiang
Published: June 2020

Aim: This study aimed to elucidate the incidence and risk factors for postictal delirium (PID) among Chinese patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Methods: In this retrospective study, 203 patients who underwent ECT in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from July 2016 to July 2017 had their PID severity measured by a previously developed scale. For data analysis, two groups were created: PID patients and non-PID patients. The groups were analyzed based on three types of independent variables: patient-related, electroconvulsive treatment, and hemodynamic variables. Data analysis was performed through descriptive statistics, Chi-squared tests, Fisher exact tests, and/or independent sampled t-tests. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for postictal delirium (P < 0.05).Results: Results showed that 81 patients (39.9%) developed moderate to severe PID in their first ECT session. Patients receiving ECT for the first time (P = 0.016), agitation before the ECT (P = 0.028), and high heart rate variances (P = 0.044) were identified as risk factors for PID, and they were significantly correlated with the occurrence of moderate to severe PID (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The patients receiving ECT for the first time, with agitation states before ECT and/or with high heart rate variance during ECT procedures might be at higher risk for moderate to severe PID. The medical staff related to this type of treatment may benefit from detailed knowledge about the aforementioned risk factors for predicting PID and to anticipate the best possible management for these patients.
Protein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by interacting with GSTP1 and suppressing the JNK signaling pathway
Authors: He Mingyan , Hu Jing , Fang Tingting , Tang Wenqing , Lv Bei , Yang Biwei , Xia Jinglin
Published: June 2020

Background PCSK9 has been found to be closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. However, the concrete role of PCSK9 and its relationship with HCC development is largely unknown. Methods The expression levels of PCSK9 in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry assays. The effects of PCSK9 expression on HCC biological traits were investigated by overexpressing and downregulating PCSK9 protein in vivo and in vitro. The mechanism by which PCSK9 mediates the depolymerization of the GSTP1 dimer and the phosphorylation of the JNK signaling pathway was further investigated. Results PCSK9 is downregulated in human HCC tissues. HCC cell proliferation, cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis were inhibited by PCSK9 in vitro. PCSK9 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis of HCC in vivo. PCSK9 interacts with GSTP1 and promotes the depolymerization of the GSTP1 dimer and inactivation of the JNK signaling pathway. Furthermore, low PCSK9 protein expression in primary HCC tissues correlated with worse clinical outcomes. Conclusions PCSK9 inhibits HCC cell proliferation, cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis by interacting with GSTP1 and suppressing the JNK signaling pathway, suggesting that PCSK9 might act as a tumor suppressor and may serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.