bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Securing Security in Education:
The Role of Public Theology and a Case Study in Global Jihadism
Authors: Lovat Terence
Published: August 2018

The article mounts an argument for public theology as an appropriate if not vital adjunct to contemporary education’s addressing of security issues in light of current world events with indisputable religious and arguably quasi-theological foundations. It will briefly expound on the history of thought that has marginalized theology as a public discipline and then move to justify the counter view that the discipline, at least in the form of public theology, has potential to address matters of such public concern in a unique and helpful way. The article will culminate with an exploration of Global Jihadism as a case study that illustrates the usefulness of public theology in understanding it better and so allowing for a response with potential to be more informed and security-assured than is commonly effected.
Multisensor System Based on Layer by Layer Films. Discrimination of Milks
Authors: Salvo-Comino Coral , Garcia-Hernandez Celia , Garcia-Cabezon Cristina , Rodriguez-Mendez Maria Luz
Published: August 2018

A nanostructured electrochemical bi-sensor system for analysis of milks has been developed using the Layer by Layer technique. The non-enzymatic sensor [CHI+IL/CuPcS]2, is a layered material containing a negative film of the anionic sulfonated copper phthalocyanine (CuPcS) acting as electrocatalytic material, and a cationic layer containing a mixture of an ionic liquid (IL) (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) that enhances the conductivity and chitosan (CHI) that facilitates the enzyme immobilization. The biosensor ([CHI+IL/CuPcS]2-GAO) results from the immobilization of galactose oxidase on the top of the LbL layers. FTIR, UV-vis and AFM have confirmed the proposed structure and cyclic voltammetry has demonstrated the amplification caused by the combination of materials in the film. Sensors have been combined to form an electronic tongue for milk analysis. Principal Component Analysis has revealed the ability of the sensor system to discriminate between milk samples with different lactose content. Using PLS-1 calibration models, correlations have been found between the voltammetric signals and chemical parameters measured by classical methods. PLS-1 models provide excellent correlations with lactose content. Additional information about other components such as fats, proteins and acidity can also be obtained. The method developed is simple and the short response time permits its use in assaying milk samples on-line.
A rationale for mesoscopic domain formation in biomembranes
Authors: Destainville Nicolas , Manghi Manoel , Cornet Julie
Published: August 2018

Cell plasma membranes display a dramatically rich structural complexity characterized by functional sub-wavelength domains with specific lipid and protein composition. Under favorable experimental conditions, patterned morphologies can also be observed in vitro on model systems such as supported membranes or lipid vesicles. Lipid mixtures separating in liquid-ordered and liquid-disordered phases below a demixing temperature play a pivotal role in this context. Protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions also contribute to membrane shaping by promoting small domains or clusters. Such phase separations displaying characteristic length-scales falling in-between the nanoscopic, molecular scale on the one hand and the macroscopic scale on the other hand, are named mesophases in soft condensed matter physics. In this Review, we propose a classification of the diverse mechanisms leading to mesophase separation in biomembranes. We distinguish between mechanisms relying upon equilibrium thermodynamics and those involving out-of-equilibrium mechanisms, notably active membrane recycling. In equilibrium, we show that the mechanisms generically dwell on an up-down symmetry breaking between the upper and lower bilayer leaflets. Symmetry breaking is an ubiquitous mechanism in condensed matter physics at the heart of several important phenomena. In the present case, it can be either spontaneous (domain buckling) or explicit, i.e. due to an external cause (global or local vesicle bending properties). Whenever possible, theoretical predictions and simulation results are confronted to experiments on model systems or living cells, which enables us to identify the most realistic mechanisms from a biological perspective.
Electromagnetic Sensor Onboard Drones for the Detectin of Land Mines
Authors: Moreno Willian F. , Nogueira Fabiano C. , Shiguemori Elcio H. , Kux Hermann J.H.
Published: August 2018

The objective of this paper is to present an electromagnetic sensor that generates pulse inductance [1], integrated on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) which complements the current technology in this area, adding equipment to the detection of landmines. The electromagnetic sensor developed, locates landmines deployed during armed conflicts, which daily kill innocent people, block economic and social development, hinder the displacement of people, causing serious social and economic problems for many years. Flights can be made over mined areas allowing the identification of the exact location of each land mine.
Effects of Low Nitrogen and Low Phosphorus Stress on Iron, Zinc and Phytic Acid Content in Two Spring Bread Wheat Cultivars
Authors: Tóth Brigitta , van Biljon Angeline , Labuschagne Maryke
Published: August 2018

Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiency in cereal grains has deleterious effects on the health of millions of people, especially in developing countries. As wheat, as a staple crop, is consumed in large quantities, its micronutrient content is important. Crops in Africa are often grown under low nitrogen (N) and low phosphorous (P) conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of low N and low P stress on Fe and Zn and phytic acid concentration, in two commercial spring wheat cultivars with excellent baking quality. The two cultivars did not differ significantly for the measured characteristics. Across all treatments the average values for Fe varied between 19.60-28.61 mg kg-1, Zn between 17.68-33.79 mg kg-1 and phytic acid between 5.03-6.92 mg g-1. Low P stress lead to the highest values of Fe and Zn, and the lowest value for phytic acid. Phytic acid:Fe and phytic acid:Zn ratios were also highly significantly reduced under low P stress conditions. Low N conditions caused significantly increased Zn levels.  Despite this, the phytic acid:Fe and phytic acid:Zn ratios were relatively high under all conditions, indicating a low bioavailability of both Fe and Zn in these wheat cultivars.
Intelligent Communication in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Bendjima Mostefa , Feham Mohammed
Published: August 2018

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is designed to collect information across a large number of limited battery sensor nodes. Therefore, it is important to minimize the energy consumption of each node, which leads to the extension of the network life. Our goal is to design an intelligent WSN that collects as much information as possible to process it intelligently. To achieve this goal, an agent has been migrated to each node in order to process the information and to cooperate with these neighboring nodes while Mobile Agents (MA) can be used to reduce information between nodes and send those to the base station (Sink). This work proposes to use communication architecture for wireless sensor networks based on the Multi Agent System (MAS) to ensure optimal information collection. The collaboration of these agents generates a simple message that summarizes the important information in order to transmit it by a mobile agent. To reduce the size of the MA, the nodes of the network have been grouped into sector. As for each MA, we have established an optimal itinerary, consuming a minimum amount of energy with the data aggregation efficiency in a minimum time. Successive simulations in large scale wireless sensor networks through the SINALGO simulator show the performance of our proposal, in terms of energy consumption and package delivery rate.
Evaluation of FAO AquaCrop Model for Simulating Rainfed Maize Growth and Yields in Uganda
Authors: Mibulo Tadeo , Kiggundu Nicholas
Published: August 2018

Uganda’s agriculture depends mainly on rainwater. As farmers are trying to increase on the food output to match the demands of a fast growing population, they are susceptible to make losses due to fluctuating weather patterns which are being caused by the global climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to explore ways of improving water use efficiency in rainfed agricultural systems to save farmers labour and input costs in situations where the grain harvest would be zero due to crop failure. The water driven FAO AquaCrop model is used as a support tool for making informed decisions during planning and situation analysis. In this study, AquaCrop model was evaluated for prediction of maize growth and yields at MUARIK in Uganda, for rainfed agriculture in three growing seasons. The model efficiency (E) and root mean square value (RMSE) for the maize canopy simulation during the September–December 2015 season was 0.945 and 7.24 respectively. The deviation of the simulated final biomass from measured data ranged from −15.4 to 11.6%, while the deviation of the final yield ranged from −2.8 to 2.0. The results suggest that the model can be used in the prediction of rainfed agricultural outputs, hence helping in guiding on management practices to increase food production.
A New and Stable Algorithm for Economic Complexity
Authors: Servedio Vito D. P. , Buttà Paolo , Mazzilli Dario , Tacchella Andrea , Pietronero Luciano
Published: August 2018

We present a non-linear non-homogeneous fitness-complexity algorithm where the presence of non homogeneous terms guarantees both convergence and stability. After a suitable rescaling of the relevant quantities, the non homogeneous terms are eventually set to zero so that this new method is parameter free. This new algorithm reproduces the findings of the original algorithm proposed by Tacchella et al. [1], and allows for an approximate analytic solution in case of actual binarized RCA matrices. This solution discloses a deep connection with the network theory of bipartite graphs. We define the new quantity of “country net-efficiency” quantifying how a country efficiently invests in capabilities able to generate innovative high quality products. Eventually, we demonstrate analytically the local convergence of the algorithm.
Surface Properties of Tin Dioxide SnO2 Nanowires Deposited on Si Substrate Covered by Au Catalyst Studies by XPS, TDS and SEM
Authors: Kwoka Monika , Lyson - Sypien Barbara , Kulis Anna , Zappa Dario , Comini Elisabetta
Published: August 2018

The surface chemistry and the morphology of SnO2 nanowires, deposited by Vapour Phase Deposition (VPD) method on Au-covered silicon substrate, were studied before and after subsequent air exposure. For this purpose, surface-sensitive methods including X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS) and the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were applied. The studies presented within this paper allowed to determine the surface non-stoichiometry combined with the presence of carbon contaminations, in a good correlation with the surface morphology. The relative concentrations of the main components [O]/[Sn]; [C]/[Sn]; [Au]/[Sn] together with the O – Sn; O – Si bondings were analyzed. The results of TDS remained in a good agreement with the observations from XPS. Moreover, conclusions obtained for SnO2 nanostructures deposited with the use of Au catalyst were compared to the previous obtained for Ag-assisted tin dioxide nanowires. The information obtained within this studies are of great importance for the potential application of SnO2 nanowires deposited on Au covered Si substrate in the field of novel chemical nanosensor devices, since the results can provide an interpretation of how aging effects influence gas sensor dynamic characteristics.
Change-Point Detection using the Conditional Entropy of Ordinal Patterns
Authors: Keller Karsten , Unakafov Anton M.
Published: August 2018

This paper is devoted to change-point detection using only the ordinal structure of a time series. A statistic based on the conditional entropy of ordinal patterns characterizing the local up and down in a time series is introduced and investigated. The statistic requires only minimal a priori information on given data and shows good performance in numerical experiments.
Application of CFD for Numerical Analysis of Liquid-Liquid Mixing in T-Shape Mixer Using Ansysfluent
Authors: Aliyu Abdulmumuni , Marhaendrajana Taufan , Bindar Yazid
Published: August 2018

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has, in the last decade, being an essential problem solving tool in industries such as pharmaceutical, pulp, petrochemical as well as Oil and Gas processing. The use of CFD for mixer design is unpopular in many countries in Africa. Therefore, this study investigates the characteristics of Brine-Surfactant mixing in a horizontal pipeline using CFD. The CFD is conducted by AnsysFluent software (licensed). A T-junction pipe is created and meshed with unstructured tetrahedral elements using design modeler. Discretization is done by Finite Volume Method (FVM), cell-centered scheme with Second-Order Upwind Scheme. The pressure term is introduced into the continuity equation by SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations) algorithm. The kinetic epsilon model, also known as k-e model is administered to define the properties of the fluid and geometry, such as velocity, species mole fraction, pipe diameter. The boundary conditions is selected based on filed data. The rate of fluid flow in the primary region is 650 bbl/day at 400psi in 4in diameter pipeline, which is 100m long. The numerical simulation was based upon the governing equations such s continuity, Navier’s stoke, energy as well as specie transport equations. The findings shows that higher concentration results in increased mixing time, while 2% conc. of surfactant reaches homogeneity in 20 minutes at 72 meters of the pipe length. The result validated with field detail and the empirical result from literature, and is consistent. This study provide insight on industrial mixer design, chemical injection system, as well as gas pipeline design and optimization, especially in multiphase scale transport.
Native V. Californicum Alkaloid Combinations Induce Differential Inhibition of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling
Authors: Turner Matthew W. , Cruz Roberto , Elwell Jordan , French John , Mattos Jared , McDougal Owen M.
Published: August 2018

Veratrum californicum is a rich source of steroidal alkaloids such as cyclopamine, a known inhibitor of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Here we provide a detailed analysis of the alkaloid composition of V. californicum by plant part through quantitative analysis of cyclopamine, veratramine, muldamine and isorubijervine in the leaf, stem and root/rhizome of the plant. To determine if additional alkaloids in the extracts contribute to Hh signaling inhibition, we replicated the concentrations of these alkaloids observed in extracts using commercially available standards and compared the inhibitory potential of the extracts to alkaloid standard mixtures using Shh-Light II cells. Alkaloid combinations enhanced Hh signaling pathway antagonism compared to cyclopamine alone, and significant differences were observed in the Hh pathway inhibition between the stem and root/rhizome extracts and their corresponding alkaloid standard mixtures, indicating that additional alkaloids present in these extracts contribute to Hh signaling inhibition.
New Adenovirus Groups in Western Palaearctic Bats
Authors: Iglesias-Caballero Maria , Juste Javier , Vázquez-Morón Sonia , Falcon Ana , Aznar Carolina , Ibáñez Carlos , Pozo Francisco , Ruiz Guillermo , Berciano Jose M. , Garín Ignacio , Aihartza Jose , Echevarria Juan E. , Casas Inmaculada
Published: August 2018

In the context of long-term screening for viruses on Western Palaearctic bats, we tested for the presence of adenovirus 1.392 oropharyngeal swabs and 325 stool samples taken from 27 bat species. Adenoviruses were detected in 12 species of the Vespertilionidae and the Rhinolophidae families. Fifty positive respiratory and 26 positive stool samples were studied. Phylogenetic analyses of partial hexon protein and partial DNA-dependent DNA polymerase genes, indicate all these bat adenoviruses belong to the genus Mastadenovirus but without constituting a monophyletic cluster. According to genetic identities, the new groups are distinct to the previously described Bat mastadenovirus A and B species, and contribute with potentially new members. Our data support that diversity of Bat mastadenovirus is host-dependent and increase the knowledge of potentially pathogenic virus from bats. For human concerns this knowledge is an important Public Health issue due to the active role of bats as viral reservoirs.
On p-Adic Integral Representation of q-Bernoulli Numbers Arising from two Variable q-Bernstein Polynomials
Authors: Ryoo C.S. , Kim T. , Kim D.S. , Yao Y.
Published: August 2018

In this paper, we study the p-adic integral representation on Zp of q-Bernoulli numbers arising from two variable q-Bernstein polynomials and investigate some properties for the q-Bernoulli numbers. In addition, we give some new identities of q-Bernoulli numbers.
A Novel Type Room Temperature Surface Photovoltage Gas Sensor Device 
Authors: Kwoka Monika , Borysiewicz Michal A. , Tomkiewicz Pawel , Piotrowska Anna , Szuber Jacek
Published: August 2018

In this paper a novel type of a highly sensitive gas sensor device based on the surface photovoltage effect is described. The developed surface photovoltage gas sensor is based on a reverse Kelvin probe approach. As the active gas sensing electrode the porous ZnO nanostructured thin films are used deposited by the direct current (DC) reactive magnetron sputtering method exhibiting the nanocoral surface morphology combined with an evident surface nonstoichiometry related to the unintentional surface carbon and water vapor contaminations. Among others, the demonstrated SPV gas sensor device exhibits a high sensitivity of 1 ppm to NO2 with a signal to noise ratio of about 50 and a fast response time of several seconds under the room temperature conditions.
Orthographies in Grammar Books – Rationalism and Enlightenment
Authors: Stojanov Tomislav
Published: August 2018

This work describes the orthographic content in grammars of European languages in the 17th and the 18th century. Reviewed were 17 grammars for 7 languages in Rationalism, 15 grammars for 11 languages in the Enlightenment, and 12 Latin orthographies. As for orthographic entities in the broader sense (orthography as a way to write down speech), our starting point were orthographic grapheme units which are contrasted to meaning (i.e. orthographic entities in the narrower sense, e.g. punctuation). Contrary to the traditional description which focused on spelling, this work observes the beginnings of orthographic content in grammars and its development into an autonomous language phenomenon and norm. The strong connection between orthography and grammar is described and it is established that, from the diachronic point of view, orthography cannot be integrally reviewed without studying the grammatical teachings.
Dopamine Incorporated Forward Osmosis Membranes with High Structural Stability and Chlorine Resistance
Authors: Wang Yi , Fang Zhendong , Xie Chaoxin , Zhao Shuaifei , Ng Derrick , Xie Zongli
Published: August 2018

The degradation and detachment of the polyamide (PA) layer in thin-film composite (TFC) membranes due to chlorine based chemical cleaning and material difference of PA layer and substrate are two major bottlenecks of forward osmosis (FO) technology. In this study, a new type of FO membranes were prepared by controlling self-polymerization of dopamine (DA) in the aqueous phase and the reaction with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) during interfacial polymerization (IP) process. These membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and water contact angle measurements. The influence of synthesis parameters such as pH of the aqueous phase, reaction time, temperature, and monomer concentrations were systematically investigated. The optimized membrane showed enhanced structure stability in ethanol (7.1 times higher) and chlorine resistance (72.3 times higher) than the conventional Piperazine(PIP)/TMC membrane due to（poly-dopamine）PDA bio-adhesion and polyester groups in the membrane structure. In general, DA/TMC membranes could be an effective strategy to fabricate high-performance FO membranes with excellent structural stability and chlorine resistance.
Assessment of Factors and Improving Cheating Behaviors Among 2nd Year Medical Laboratory Students in Adigrat University, 2018
Authors: Bekele Senait Tadesse , Abay Getachew Kahsu , Tesfay Kebede , Deres Abiel , G/hiwot Teame
Published: August 2018

Cheating during examination is now day serious problem spatially in Ethiopia where many students sit in one class to exam.  When cheating occurs in medical schools, it has serious consequences for human life, social values, and the economy. Even though, cheating on exams has existed in any department, with unknown reason, prevalence of cheater among 2nd year laboratory students were high. So that assessing factors and improving cheating behavior of the students are mandatory to create competitive graduated students. To identify factors and to improve cheating behavior action research study design was conducted among 2nd year medical laboratory student. Criterion sampling technique was used to selects sixteen cheater students among 2nd year laboratory students.  To gather necessary data, we used focus group discussions, individual interview and observation and collected information by using hand writing notes.  During exam different cheating methods used by students like using a system of signals, writing on hands, desks and copy the other students answer. While the compelling reasons for cheating were like hard courses, hard exams, time pressure and fear of failure. To improve cheating behavior of the student’s different action strategies were taken like prepared exam by using code, arrangement sitting style during exam and sit with brainy students during class, reading and discussion. Most students were trying to done exam by themselves but their results are not good as previously. So that, we need more future action plan to avoid cheating behavior of the students.  During, the next action plan we will be taken the remaining main action strategies and  action evaluation we will be expected 50% of participants will be avoided their cheater behavior and done exam independently without forced by the environment.
A Polymer-Gel Eye-Phantom for 3D Fluorescent Imaging of Millimetre Radiation Beams
Authors: Luthjens Leonard , Yao Tiantian , Warman John
Published: August 2018

Abstract: We have filled a 24 mm diameter glass sphere with a transparent polymer-gel that is radio-fluorogenic, i.e. it becomes (permanently) fluorescent when irradiated, with an intensity proportional to the local dose deposited. The gel consists of >99.9% tertiary-butyl acrylate (TBA) pre-polymerized to ~15% conversion, and ~100 ppm maleimido-pyrene (MPy). Its dimensions and physical properties are close to those of the vitreous body of the human eye. We have irradiated the gel with a 3 mm diameter, 200 kVp X-ray beam with a dose rate of ~1 Gy/min. A 3D (video) view of the beam within the gel has been constructed from tomographic images obtained by scanning the sample through a thin sheet of UV light. To minimize optical artifacts, the cell was immersed in a square tank containing a refractive-index-matching medium. The 20%-80% penumbra of the beam was determined to be ~0.4 mm. The research was a preparatory investigation of the possibility of using the method to monitor the millimetre diameter proton pencil beams used in ocular radiotherapy.
Sensing Characteristics of Arrayed Flexible Chloride Sensor Based on the XBee Wireless Sensing System
Authors: Tseng Shi-Chang , Wu Tong-Yu , Chou Jung-Chuan , Liao Yi-Hung , Lai Chih-Hsien , Nien Yu-Hsun , Wu You-Xiang , Wu Cian-Yi , Lin Si-Hong
Published: August 2018

Water quality monitoring was an important objective in the surroundings. In this study, we investigated the sensing characteristics of the arrayed flexible chloride sensor with XBee wireless sensing system. The sensitivity and linearity of the wireless chloride sensing devices were 91.6 mV/pCl and 0.988, respectively. The hysteresis voltages were 50.14 mV and 36.71 mV during the cycles of 1 M → 10−1 M →   1 M → 10−3 M → 1 M and 1 M → 10−3 M → 1 M → 10−1 M → 1 M, respectively. The selectivity coefficients of the ClO− ion, ClO4− ion, NO3− ion and I− ion for Cl− ion were 5.0 × 10−2, 1.0 × 10−1, 5.9 × 10−3 and 5.6×10−1, respectively. The sensing characteristics of real time measurement were investigated for dynamic microfluidic. The arrayed flexible chloride sensor was integrated with the microfluidic device, syringe pump and wireless sensing system. The sensitivity and linearity were 273.1 mV/pCl and 0.978 at 35 μL/min, respectively.
Low Cost Position Controller for EGR Valve System
Authors: Bhuiyan Habib , Lee Jung-Hyo
Published: August 2018

This paper proposes a position control method for low cost EGR valve system in automotive application. Generally, position control system using in automotive application has many restrictions such as cost and space, the mechanical structure of actuator implies high friction and large difference between static friction and coulomb friction. This large friction difference occurs the vibrated position control result when the controller uses conventional linear controller such as P, PI. In this paper, low cost position control method which can apply under the condition of high difference friction mechanical system. Proposed method is verified by comparing conventional control result of experiments.
Closed integral-differential equations of incompressible Navier-Stokes turbulent flow
Authors: Sun Bohua
Published: August 2018

This paper showed that turbulence closure problem is not an issue at all. All mistakes in theliterature regarding the numbers of unknown quantities in the Reynolds turbulence equations stemfrom the misunderstandings of physics of the Reynolds stress tensor, i.e., all literature has statedthat the symmetric Reynolds stress tensor has six unknowns; however, it actually has only threeunknowns, i.e., the three components of fluctuation velocity. We showed the integral-differentialequations of the Reynolds mean and fluctuation equations have exactly eight equations, which equalto the numbers of quantities in total, namely, three components of mean velocity, three componentsof fluctuation velocity, one mean pressure and one fluctuation pressure. With this understanding,the closed Reynolds Navier-Stokes turbulence equations of incompressible flows were formulated.This study may help to solve the puzzle that has eluded scientists and mathematicians for centuries.
Modeling, Implementation and Evaluation of Weatherproof Seals for Prefabricated Construction
Authors: Orlowski Kristopher , Mendis Priyan , Shanaka Kasun
Published: August 2018

Prefabricated forms of construction have led to the rapid onsite assembly of buildings however there are still on-site tasks and processes which can be reevaluated and redone specifically in keeping with the principles of prefabrication instead being adapted to fit its purpose. One such process is that of waterproofing between prefabricated panels and modules which come from the factory fully complete façade and all. Conventional means of waterproofing can be used however it results in more work done on site, potential delays and generally requires access from the external face of the building. This paper presents the Modelling, Implementation and Evaluation of purpose developed weatherproof seals specific for Prefabricated Construction. An overview is provided of the entire development process and specific focus is given to the modeling using FEA computer simulations, manufacturing and testing which then resulted in the implementation in a prefabricated panelised building which is used as a case study and the means of further evaluation. These strategies have enabled an efficient and robust prefabricated waterproofing solution specific for this form of construction to be understood and implemented. The resulting case study has successfully verified the time and cost savings when compared to conventional techniques whilst still providing a durable and effective weatherproof seal for prefabricated panelised and modular systems.
A Correlation Analysis of Normalized Indicators of Citation
Authors: Kochetkov Dmitry M.
Published: August 2018

Recently, more and more countries are entering the global race for university competitiveness. On the one hand, global rankings are a convenient tool for quantitative analysis. On the other hand, their indicators are often difficult to quickly calculate, they often contradict each other. We thought about using widely available indicators for a quick analysis of the University's publication strategy. We opted for the normalized citation indicators available in SciVal analytical tool, i.e. Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) and Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI). We have demonstrated the possibility of applying the correlation analysis to the impact indicators of a document and a journal on the sample of the social and humanitarian fields at Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Particular attention was paid to the application of the results in practice.
Measurement of Electron Density from Stark-Broadened Nanomaterial Plasma
Authors: EL Sherbini Ashraf M. , EL Sherbini Ahmed E. , Parigger Christian G.
Published: August 2018

This work communicates results from optical emission spectroscopy following laser-induced optical breakdown at or near nanomaterial. Selected atomic lines of silver are evaluated for consistent determination of electron density. Comparisons are presented with Balmer series hydrogen results. Of particular interest are measurements free of self-absorption effects. For several silver lines, asymmetries are observed in the recorded line profiles. Electron densities of interest range from 0.5 to 3 × 1017 cm-3, for 5 nanosecond Q-switched Nd:YAG radiation at wavelengths of 1064, 532, and 355 nm, and for selected silver emission lines including 328.0, 338.2, 768.7, and 827.3 nm, and the hydrogen alpha Balmer series line at 656.3 nm. Line asymmetries are presented for the 328.0 nm Ag I line that is measured following generation of the plasma due to multiple photon absorption. This work explores electron density variations for different irradiance levels, and reports spectral line asymmetry of resonance lines for different laser fluence levels.
Preparation, Characterization, and Sludge Conditioning of Cationic Polyacrylamide Synthesized by a Novel UV-Initiated System
Authors: Guan Qingqing , Zhu Guocheng , Liao Yi , Xu Jin , Sun Xiaoxu , Tian Fang , Xu Jiaxing , Luo Minghan
Published: August 2018

Controlling the concentration of free radicals in polymerization systems is advantageous for preparing cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) with high molecular weight and acceptable dissolvability. In this study, a novel ultraviolet (UV)-initiated system characterized with adjustable light intensity and redox-azo complex initiator was used to synthesize a CPAM flocculant named NP. Comparatively, another CPAM flocculant named SP with stable UV light intensity and single initiator was prepared. The chemical structure, morphology, and thermal stability were analyzed through instrumental analysis. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that NP was successfully prepared, and a small fraction of cationic homopolymer was mixed in the product. Polymerization conditions were optimized, and polymerization mechanism was determined by investigating the effects of various parameters on intrinsic viscosity, conversion, and dissolvability. Results showed that the best performance was obtained at indexes of 0.45 wt‰ redox initiator concentration, 0.2 wt‰ azo initiator concentration, 40.0 wt% of cationic monomer, first- and second-stage light intensities of 8.5 and 13 mW/cm2, respectively, and 3 wt% urea. Sludge conditioning performances of NP and SP were comparatively evaluated, and the mechanism was determined by investigating the sedimentation behavior and floc size distribution. High intrinsic viscosity, porous morphology structure, and the mixed cationic homopolymer of NP resulted in better sludge conditioning performance.
Participatory Prototyping to Inform the Development of a Remote UX Design System in Automotive
Authors: Tasoudis Stavros , Perry Mark
Published: August 2018

This study reports on empirical findings of participatory design workshops for the development of a supportive user experience design system in the automotive. Identifying and addressing this area with traditional research methods is problematic due to the different UX design perspectives that might be conflicting and the related automotive domain limitations. To help resolve this problem, we conducted research with 12 User Experience (UX) designers through individual participatory prototyping activities to gain insights on their explicit, observable, tacit and latent needs. These activities allowed us to explore their motivation to use different technologies; the system's architecture; detailed features of interactivity and describe user needs including Efficiency, Effectiveness, Engagement, Naturalness, Ease of Use, Information retrieval, Self-Image awareness, Politeness, and Flexibility. Our analysis led us to design implications that translate participants' needs into UX design goals, informing practitioners on how to develop relevant systems further.
Effect of Foliar Antibroadleaf Herbicides on Fat Content in Seeds of Various Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Cultivars
Authors: Barakova Teodora , Delchev Grozi , Valkova Neli
Published: August 2018

In this study was investigate the effect of vegetative treatment with the herbicides Basagran 480 SL, Pulsar 40 and Express 50 WG on the fat content of seeds of different Bulgarian cotton cultivars. The experiment was carried out with twelve Bulgarian cotton cultivars - Chirpan-539, Helius, Trakia, Vicky, Philipopolis, IPK-Veno, Boyana, Avangard, Natalia, Darmy, Dorina and Nelina belonging to Gossypium hirsutum L. For the first time in the world, cotton cultivars resistant to herbicides Basagran 480 SL (bentazone), Pulsar 40 (imazamox) and Express 50 WG (Tribenuron-methyl) have been established. They are applied at the bud formation stage of cotton. Fat content in cotton seeds was determined by extraction - SR ISO 6492. For the first time in the world it has been established that in the vegetative treatment with herbicides the most valuable with regard to cottonseed fat content are all cultivars treated with Basagran 480 SL, except Chirpan-539 and Helius. It has been established for the first time that from the point of view of growing technology with vegetative treatment with the herbicide Express 50 WG, the most valuable are the cultivars Chirpan-539, Helius, Trakia, Vicky, Philipopolis, IPK-Veno, Boyana, Avangard, Natalia. None of the cultivars is highly rated when treated with the herbicide Pulsar 40 with regard to fat content in seeds.
Application of Inorganic Solidified Foam to Control the Coexistence of Unusual Methane Emission and Spontaneous Combustion of Coal in the Luwa Coal Mine, China
Authors: Tian Zhaojun , Lu Yi , Shi Shiliang , Wu Kuan , Ye Qing , Niu Huiyong
Published: August 2018

Abstract: Unusual methane emission and spontaneous combustion of coal induced by the air leakage are both hazards during mining. The most common practice has been to improve mine safety is sealing the mining fractures. In this paper, the methane and geology, coal spontaneous combustion characteristics and the coexistence of methane emission and spontaneous combustion of coal were analyzed. The preparation system of inorganic solidified foam (ISF) in field applications is studied and the working principle of generating device consists of foam generator and mixer was expounded. The technical plan of site construction is that the foam fluids was injected to respectively seal the mining fractures behind hydraulic supports, the cavities of air return corner, and the fractures nearby the coal pillar. After the foam fluids injection, the two stress values in the coal pillar eventually maintained above 15.5Mpa and 13Mpa, respectively. It indicated that the ISF can enhance the bearing stress ability of the coal pillar by transforming the stress state from two dimensional to three dimensional. The methane concentration in the air return corner and air return roadway declined significantly to 0.63% and 0.25%. The differential pressure inside and outside of the 4301(1) goaf fluctuated between -100pa to 150pa and the concentration of CO and O2 declined to 9ppm and 6%. The CO concentration in the air return corner finally reached a stable level of 6ppm. What that all means, the foam fluids can seal the air leakage and inhibit spontaneous combustion of coal effectively.
A Comprehensive Approach for Fracability Evaluation in Naturally Fractured Sandstone Reservoirs
Authors: Yang Zhaozhong , He Rui , Li Xiaogang , Li Zhanling , Liu Ziyuan
Published: August 2018

The tight sandstone gas reservoir in southern Songliao Basin is naturally fractured and is characterized by its low porosity and permeability. Large-scale hydraulic fracturing is the most effective way to develop this tight gas reservoir. Quantitative evaluation of fracability is essential for optimizing a fracturing reservoir. In this study, as many as ten fracability-related factors, particularly mechanical brittleness, mineral brittleness, cohesion, internal friction angle, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), natural fracture, Model-I toughness, Model-II toughness, horizontal stress difference, and fracture barrier were obtained from a series of petrophysical and geomechanical experiments are analyzed. Taking these influencing factors into consideration, a modified comprehensive evaluation model is proposed based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Both a transfer matrix and a fuzzy matrix were introduced into this model. The fracability evaluation of four reservoir intervals in Jinshan gas field was analyzed. Field fracturing tests were conducted to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed evaluation model. Results showed that gas production is higher and more stable in the reservoir interval with better fracability. The field test data coincides with the results of the proposed evaluation model.
AMPK Activation Reduces Hepatic Lipid Content by Increasing Fat Oxidation in Vivo
Authors: Foretz Marc , Even Patrick , Viollet Benoit
Published: August 2018

The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key player in the control of energy metabolism. AMPK regulates hepatic lipid metabolism through the phosphorylation of its well-recognized downstream target acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). Although AMPK activation is proposed to lower hepatic triglyceride (TG) content via the inhibition of ACC to cause inhibition of de novo lipogenesis and stimulation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO), its contribution to the inhibition of FAO in vivo has been recently questioned. We generated a mouse model of AMPK activation specifically in the liver achieved by expression of a constitutively active AMPK using adenoviral delivery. Indirect calorimetry studies revealed that liver-specific AMPK activation is sufficient to induce a reduction in the respiratory exchange ratio and an increase in FAO rates in vivo. This led to a more rapid metabolic switch from carbohydrate to lipid oxidation during the transition from fed to fasting. Finally, mice with chronic AMPK activation in the liver display high fat oxidation capacity evidenced by increased [C14]-palmitate oxidation and ketone body production leading to reduced hepatic TG content and body adiposity. Our findings suggest a role for hepatic AMPK in the remodeling of lipid metabolism between the liver and adipose tissue.
TL-Moments for Type-I Censored Data with an Application to the Weibull Distribution
Authors: Ibrahim Hager A. , Riad Mahmoud Mahmoud , Khalil Fatma A. , El-Kelany Ghada A.
Published: August 2018

This paper aims to provide an adaptation of the TL-moments method to censored data. The present study concentrates on Type-I censored data. The idea of using TL-moments with censored data may seem conflicting. But our perspective in that, we may use data censored from one side and trimmed from the other side. This study is applied to estimate the two unknown parameters of the Weibull distribution. The suggested point is compared with Direct L-moments and ML methods. A Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out to compare these method in terms of estimate average, root of mean square error (RMSE) and relative absolute biases (RAB).
Cryptotanshinone Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis of NSCLC Cells through the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Pathway
Authors: Kim Sang-A , Kang Ok-Hwa , Kwon Dong-Yeul
Published: August 2018

Cryptotanshinone (CTT) is a natural product and a quinoid diterpene isolated from the root of the Asian medicinal plant, Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge. Notably, CTT has a variety of anti-cancer actions, including the activation of apoptosis, anti-proliferation, and a reduction in angiogenesis. We further investigated the anti-cancer effects of CTT in A549 and H460 which are NSCLC cell lines. CTT treatment in NSCLC cells reduced cell growth through PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway inhibition, G0 / G1 cell cycle arrest, and the activation of apoptosis. CTT induced increase of Bax and cleavage of apoptosis-related signaling such as caspase-3, caspase-9, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), and Bax, as well as inhibition of anti-apoptosis related signaling such as Bcl-2, survivin, and cellular-inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 and 2 (cIAP-1 and -2). It also induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest by decreasing the expression of cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, Cdk 2, and Cdk 4. In addition, CTT reduced the protein expression of the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway related to cell proliferation. These results highlight the latent potential of CTT as natural therapeutic agent for NSCLC.
BRK”ing” Down All We Know About PTK6 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Yuan Yi , Ang Hui Li , Lai Xianning , Wang Lingzhi , Pandey Vijay , Huang Benjamin BoJun , Tan Tuan Zea , Chong Hui Yi , Ong Philip Zheng Yang , Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal S. , Arfuso Frank , Tan Kevin Shyong-Wei , Basappa  , Goh Boon Cher , Huang Ruby Yun-Ju , Sethi Gautam , Lobie Peter E. , Kumar Alan Prem
Published: August 2018

The search for improved therapeutic approaches to breast cancer are still on going. Breast tumor kinase (BRK, also known as PTK6) is one of the targets, it is highly expressed in breast carcinomas while displaying low or no expression in the normal mammary gland, which hints at the oncogenic role of this enzyme in breast cancer. In these twenty years, an increasing number of studies have focused on understanding the cellular roles of BRK in breast cancers. This review outlines the advances made towards understanding the cellular and physiological role of BRK, the molecular and chemical inhibitors and its therapeutic significance in breast cancer.
Educational Transformation in Post-Independence Africa: A Historical Assessment of the Africanization Project
Authors: Ndille Roland N.
Published: August 2018

Africanization of education was a major policy option in most countries in Africa upon the attainment of independence. This is because of the perceived negative effects of colonial education. The paper is an empirical sources study which discusses Africanization as an epistemicide and analyses efforts by some African states to Africanize their educational systems. It concludes that while some countries embraced the idea and actually initiated policies to Africanize their educational systems, the general picture indicates that Africanization has not succeeded in most countries due to various challenges. Such challenges are identified and recommendations made which could be significant for the revamping of the policy.
Bizarreness of Ferrite Formation in Ingot of 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb Stainless Steel 
Authors: Han Fei , Yu Haicheng , Dessau Jeffrey , Chen Xianghai
Published: August 2018

Ferrite body is the origin of crack and corrosion initiation of steels. Distribution and density of ferrite in seven steel ingots were examined by light optical microscopy and computational modeling in the study to explore the correlation of ferrite formation to chemical composition and mushy zone temperature in ingot forming. The central segregation phenomenon in ferrite distribution was observed in all the examined steel specimens except 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb stainless steel. No significant difference was found in distribution and density of ferrite amongst zones of the surface, ½ radius and core in neither riser nor tail of 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb ingot. Additionally, fewer ferrite was found in 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb compared to other examined steels. The bizarreness of ferrite formation observed in 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb elicited a debate on the traditional concepts explicating ferrite formation. Considering the compelling advantage in the mechanical strength, plasticity and corrosion resistance, further investigation on the unusual ferrite forming occurrence in 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb would help develop steels with improved quality. In summary, we observed that ferrite formation was correlated to mushy zone temperature, Cr:Fe and Cu:Fe ratios. We originally assume that Fe, the major component of steel could play an unrecognized role via proportion to other chemical components in ferrite formation.
Association between Cognitive Restraint, Uncontrolled Eating, Emotional Eating and BMI and the Amount of Food Wasted in Early Adolescent Girls
Authors: Banna Jinan C. , Panizza Chloe E. , Boushey Carol J. , Delp Edward J. , Lim Eunjung
Published: August 2018

Understanding behavioral factors associated with obesity is of importance in addressing this issue. This study examined the association between cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and body mass index (BMI) and amount of food plated, consumed, leftovers, and leftover food thrown into the trash (food wasted) in early adolescent girls nine to 13 years in O’ahu, Hawai’i (n = 93). Food plated, consumed, leftovers, and food wasted were estimated using a three-day mobile food record (mFR). Weight and height were measured to compute BMI (kg/m2). The three-factor eating questionnaire provided a score from 0 to 100 for cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. Higher scores are indicative of greater cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating. Pearson’s correlation and general linear models were computed to examine the relationship between three factor eating scores, BMI, and food plated, consumed, leftovers, and food wasted. There was no clinically significant association between cognitive restraint and amount of food wasted. Cognitive restraint was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.36, p<0.001) and with BMI z score (r=0.40, p<0.001). Uncontrolled eating and emotional eating were positively correlated with amount of leftover food at dinner (r=0.30, p=0.006; r=0.33, p=0.003, respectively). Emotional eating was positively associated with percentage of leftover food at dinner (r=0.24, p=0.30). Additional research should examine the specific roles of cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and food waste in the development of obesity in adolescents.