bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METHODS OF DISINFECTION OF MANURE AND MANURE EFFLUENTS
Authors: Hutoryanina  , Dumbadze  , Dimidova
Published: August 2020

The problem of environmental pollution has now acquired global significance. Helminth eggs in liquid manure laid in open-type sedimentation tanks in October-November, remain viable for 12 months or more, and in spring-summer manure for 4–5 months. Therefore, uninfected liquid manure in both winter and summer poses a serious threat of contamination of reservoirs, soil, groundwater, feed and pastures with dangerous pathogens for humans and animals. This circumstance makes it necessary to carry out disinfestation of manure of all categories. Based on the above, the purpose of the work was to analyze existing methods of manure disinfection and manure effluents. All methods of deworming (disinvasion) of manure and its fractions can be divided into three groups: biological, physical and chemical. It is generally recognized that biological methods for decomposing organic waste are considered environmentally acceptable and cost-effective. Some of the analyzed physical and chemical methods also have a certain effectiveness of disinfection. When using these groups of disinfectants, constant monitoring and compliance with technological parameters is necessary, as well as the norms for the consumption of disinfectants and the exposure time must be observed.
ACTIVITY OF RUTA GRAVEOLENS L. AGAINST ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES (MELOIDOGYNE spp.)
Authors: Sasanelli  , Toderas  , Iurcu-Straistaru  , D’Addabbo  , Migunova  , Konrat  , Andoni
Published: August 2020

Two in vitro experiments and two open field trials were carried out to investigate the nematicidal effect of Ruta graveolens on the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. In the first in vitro experiment the nematode egg masses were immersed for 3 weeks in aqueous leaf extract of rue plants and then subjected to an hatching test in distilled water for five more weeks. In the other in vitro experiment M. incognita egg masses were exposed to the rue extract for 4, 8 and 16 hours and then incubated in distilled water for 8 weeks. Distilled water and a 5 μg/mL an aqueous solution of Fenamiphos or only distilled water were used as controls in the first and second in vitro experiment, respectively. Both hatching tests were carried out in a growth cabinet at 25±2 0C, providing four replicates for each treatment. In the first experiment the hatching from the egg masses treated with rue extracts and Fenamiphos solution resulted significantly lower than that in the untreated control. In the second in vitro
experiment, a 8-hour immersion of the egg masses in the rue extract resulted in a final hatch significantly lower than that in distilled water. The nematicidal effect of R. graveolens green manure was investigated in open field condition on tomato and tobacco. Plots amended with rue plant biomass were compared with untreated and Fenamiphos treated plots (3 t/ha). Four replications were provided for each treatment. Crop yield, root gall index and soil nematode population density were recorded at the end of each crop cycle. Soil incorporation with R. graveolens plant materials significantly increased both tomato and tobacco yield and reduced root gall index and soil nematode population density in comparison to the untreated controls. These experiments demonstrated a high suitability of R. graveolens for the development of new sustainable nematicidal products.
TABANID SPECIES DIVERSITY OF THE CENTRAL BLACK EARTH REGION OF RUSSIA
Authors: Bespalova  , Solomatina
Published: August 2020

The article provides information on species diversity of one of the major components of blood-sucking dipterans complex that is known collectively as "gnat" and can be found in five regions forming the Central Black Earth Region of Russia: Voronezh, Lipetsk, Belgorod, Kursk and Tambov Regions. The latest researches have recorded 38 species in the Voronezh Region and 32 species in the Belgorod Region. The prevailing species in the Voronezh Region are T. Glaucopis, T. bovinus (L., 1758), Chrysops relictus (Meigen, 1820), Chrysops rufi pes (Meigen), and Tabanus autumnalis autumnalis (L., 1761). In the Belgorod Region, the prevailing species are T. Glaucopis, T. bovinus L., 1758, Chrysops relictus (Meigen, 1820), Chrysops rufi pes (Meigen, 1820), and Tabanus autumnalis autumnalis (L., 1761). In the Kursk Region, there were 6 species (Т. bimaculatus Meg., Т. schineri Lyneb., Т. Bromius L., Т. cordiger Мg., Т. autumnalis L., Т. bovines L.) recorded, which are of greater importance in epizootology and epidemiology of various infectious and invasive diseases. This issue requires further detailed research in the Lipetsk and Tambov Regions.
NEW DIRECTIONS IN THE CREATION OF INNOVATIVE ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS
Authors: Varlamova  , Arkhipov  , Khalikov
Published: August 2020

A review of new directions in obtaining and manufacturing of innovative antiparasitic drugs is presented. The immobilization of antiparasitic drugs on or in nanoparticles to increase the efficacy and reduce side effects of drugs by improving the parameters
of adsorption, bioavailability, slow release and intracellular permeability has been the most widespread direction in recent decades. Currently, such carriers as liposomes, polymer nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanosuspensions, nanocrystals, etc. are used as drug delivery systems for antiparasitic drugs. Studies conducted in our country have confirmed the efficacy of mechanochemical technology for producing solid dispersions of certain anthelmintic drugs (niclosamide, albendazole, fenbendazole, triclabendazole, praziquantel etc.) with excipients (arabinogalactan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, glycyrrhizic acid, etc.). On the example of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), the possibility and prospects of their further study and use as potential means of targeted delivery of antiparasitic drugs are shown, various manufacturing technologies are indicated, including homogenization methods, the use of supercritical fluids, the method of dry spray, evaporation, ultrasonic treatment, double emulsions, etc.
COMO SE PROCESSA A DIALÉTICA CONVERSÃO E TRANSFORMAÇÃO SOCIAL? REFLEXÃO SOBRE UM ESTUDO DO NEOPENTECOSTALISMO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Dos Santos Roberto
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho apresenta os elementos que constituem a estrutura de um artigo cientifico sobre conversão e transformação social a partir do discurso do sujeito coletivo no contexto do neopentecostalismo brasileiro, bem como apresenta de forma praxiológica o resultado da pesquisa empírica. Os estudos aqui apresentados baseiam-se no trabalho da Comunidade de Águas Claras-DF. Os resultados visam expressar o pensamento de uma coletividade, como se ela fosse o emissor de um discurso. Conclui que o trabalho demonstra ser plausível e satisfatório quanto a relação dialética conversão e transformação social.
Kemerdekaan di Tengah Pandemi
Authors: Wekke Ismail Suardi
Published: August 2020

Kemerdekaan yang kita rayakan hari ini, di tengah wabah Covid-19. Betapa dalam lima bulan terakhir, berguguran anak-anak bangsa. Di tengah kesyukuran kemerdekaan, ada ketidakberdayaan dalam mengatasi bencana.
Appropriate usage of face masks to prevent SARS-CoV-2: sharpening the messaging amid the COVID-19 pandemic... PUBLISHED VERSION: https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.336
Authors: Escandón Karina , Martin Graham , Kuppalli Krutika , Escandón Kevin
Published: August 2020

Many governments currently recommend or mandate universal use of face masks amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Cloth face masks and makeshift face coverings—from bandanas and scarfs to do-it-yourself homemade and commercially available masks—are being advised for source control in many countries and regions to mitigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. Unfortunately, instances of individuals inappropriately wearing masks are being witnessed in public and on social media as they have become part of our “new normal”...
Is Probabilistic Evidence a Source of Knowledge
Authors: Turri John , Friedman Ori
Published: August 2020

We report a series of experiments examining whether people ascribe knowledge for true beliefs based on probabilistic evidence. Participants were less likely to ascribe knowledge for beliefs based on probabilistic evidence than for beliefs based on perceptual evidence or testimony providing causal information. Denial of knowledge for beliefs based on probabilistic evidence did not arise because participants viewed such beliefs as unjustified, nor because such beliefs leave open the possibility of error. These findings rule out traditional philosophical accounts for why probabilistic evidence does not produce knowledge. The experiments instead suggest that people deny knowledge because they distrust drawing conclusions about an individual based on reasoning about the population to which it belongs, a tendency previously identified by “judgment and decision making” researchers. Consistent with this, participants were more willing to ascribe knowledge for beliefs based on probabilistic evidence that is specific to a particular case. 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Sustainable Energy Development for Cyprus
Authors: Poullikkas Andreas
Published: August 2020

Sustainable Energy Development for Cyprus (in Greek)
The Cyprus Energy Future
Authors: Poullikkas Andreas
Published: August 2020

The Cyprus Energy Future (in Greek)
Analisis Pengunaan Bambu Plester Terhadap Penurunan Biaya Konstruksi Bangunan Di Dusun Passimbungang Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Marzuki Ismail , jumawan Faris , Meldawati  , Tahang
Published: August 2020

With the emergence of the issue of global warming, which emphasizes the use ofenvironmentally friendly local materials which then give rise to the use of local materials asan alternative, namely bamboo. Gowa regency is largely 'second largest area of bamboo treesin South Sulawesi is 1,600 ha. Passimbungang village, Bajeng western districts, Gowaregency is an area where we can find a lot of bamboo trees but has not been utilized andprocessed both in society. The purpose of this study was to analyze the comparative efficiencyof the use of materials of brick and plaster bamboo material in the construction of publictoilets citizens, in addition to the targets to be achieved from this research is to provide newinsights in the form of training to the general public how the method of making bambooplaster. This plaster bamboo research using experimental methods to build a test object suchas building public lavatories residents, comparing the results of these tests on the use ofmaterials and the price of bamboo plaster wall construction with brick construction, theexercise period for 8 (eight) months. The result shows a decrease in price by 31.17% for theuse of bamboo wall plaster.
Getting Your Community Involved With Collection Building
Authors: Dewees John
Published: August 2020

This poster outlines a project to build a program and workflow for collecting photographic content from the public to enable community-driven collection of born-digital content. The formulation of this program is designed to require essentially no resources and provide a basis on which outreach and programming can easily be built as an ideal “test and try” project.
The “Jim Cantore Effect?” A Preliminary Test of Individual Difference-Induced Media Effects Upon Hurricane Evacuation Decisions
Authors: Allen Dylan R. , Bolton Matthew J. , Mogil H. Michael , Toole Jennifer , Ault Lara K. , Stewart Alan E.
Published: August 2020

We conducted this study to test for an interaction of media effects and individual differences that could affect hurricane evacuation decision-making. Participants responded in an online, Qualtrics-hosted survey to many demographic and individual difference questionnaires assessing decisions one would make in a hurricane evacuation. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two video conditions (reporter emotionality: high or low) and asked a number of questions about the field-reporting meteorologist they viewed. We predicted an interaction between intuitive thinking (which is faster and more emotional) and emotional reporting such that highly intuitive thinkers would be more likely to evacuate when presented with more emotional hurricane field reporting. This hypothesis was rejected. However, there was a main effect of intuition, whereby highly intuitive people expressed more fear for weather (but not hurricanes). Furthermore, there was a main effect of media condition: People exposed to highly emotional field reporting in general were more likely to evacuate. These results are discussed in light of meteorological communication standards and principles.
Computational Modeling of Threat Learning Reveals Links with Anxiety and Neuroanatomy
Authors: Abend Rany
Published: August 2020

Influential theories implicate variations in the mechanisms supporting threat learning in variations in the severity of anxiety symptoms. We use computational models of associative learning in conjunction with structural imaging to explicate links among the computational mechanisms underlying threat learning, their neuroanatomical substrates, and anxiety severity. We recorded skin-conductance data during a threat-learning task from individuals with and without anxiety disorders (N=251; 8-50 years; 116 females). Reinforcement-learning model variants quantified processes hypothesized to relate to anxiety: threat conditioning, threat generalization, safety learning, and threat extinction. We then tested associations among latent learning parameters, whole-brain morphometry, and anxiety severity, as well as age moderation. Results indicate that greater anxiety severity related specifically to slower safety learning and threat extinction. Gray-matter volume in several subcortical structures moderated extinction-anxiety associations. Using a modeling approach, we identify computational mechanisms linking threat learning and anxiety severity and their neuroanatomical substrates.
Measuring evidence for mediation in the presence of measurement error
Authors: Laghaie Arash , Otter Thomas
Published: August 2020

Mediation analysis empirically investigates the process underlying the effect of anexperimental manipulation on a dependent variable of interest. In the simplestmediation setting, the experimental treatment can affect the dependent variablethrough the mediator (indirect effect) and/or directly (direct effect). However,what appears to be an indirect effect in standard mediation analysis may reflect adata generating process without mediation, including the possibility of a reversedcausal ordering of measured variables, regardless of the statistical properties of theestimate. To overcome this indeterminacy where possible, we develop the insightthat a statistically reliable total effect combined with strong evidence for conditionalindependence of treatment and outcome given the mediator is unequivocal evidencefor mediation as the underlying causal model into an operational procedure. This isparticularly helpful when theory is insufficient to definitely causally order measuredvariables, or when the dependent variable is measured before what is believed tobe the mediator. Our procedure combines Bayes factors as principled measures ofthe degree of support for conditional independence, with latent variable modelingto account for measurement error and discretization in a fully Bayesian framework.Re-analyzing a set of published mediation studies, we illustrate how our approachfacilitates stronger conclusions.
Habitual, but not momentary, avoidance strategy use moderates the association between disgust sensitivity and affective response to a disgust-inducing film clip
Authors: Christensen Kara Alise , Southward Matthew W.
Published: August 2020

Habitually avoiding disgust-eliciting stimuli may lead to a stronger connection between negative appraisals (i.e., disgust sensitivity) and experiences of disgust. We tested if the use of experiential avoidance or expressive suppression moderated the association between disgust sensitivity and disgust ratings. Sixty-seven female undergraduate students reported disgust sensitivity and their habitual use of experiential avoidance and expressive suppression. Participants viewed a disgust-eliciting video and reported disgust levels before and after. The interactions between disgust sensitivity and habitual experiential avoidance, B = .14, SE = .06, p = .03, 95% CI [.02, .26], and disgust sensitivity and habitual expressive suppression, B = 1.09, SE = .53, p = .046, 95% CI [.02, 2.15], were significant. At low levels of these strategies, there was no association between disgust sensitivity and disgust ratings, whereas at high levels of these strategies, there was a positive association. There were no significant interactions when predicting anxiety ratings. We discuss these results in terms of behavioral conditioning theories.
Minimizing Students’ Spelling Mistakes through the Use of Facebook: A Case Study of Second Baccalaureate EFL Learners at Abdurrahman Ennacer High School
Authors: BASSAOUI Samir
Published: August 2020

The present research studies the effects of using Facebook as a medium to minimize students’ spelling mistakes of high school EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students. The study used four types of data collection which are: students’ questionnaire, classroom observation, Spelling Mistakes Group on Facebook, and Diagnostic test which was administered to students in order to check their spelling mistakes. The finding of the questionnaire found that students had positive attitude toward using Facebook as a means of developing their writing skills in general. As an educational tool assisting, Facebook will provide students with an attractive medium to help them engage in discussions with their teachers and classmates to share their knowledge.
Pembuatan sistem informasi inventarisasi tanaman berbasis QR code untuk identifikasi tanaman Taman Hutan Kota HM Sabki Kota Jambi
Authors: Khaira Ulfa , Suratno Tri , Mauladi Mauladi , Aryani Reni , Saputra Edi
Published: August 2020

Taman Hutan Kota HM Sabki mempunyai potensi yang besar sebagai destinasi tujuan wisata, tidak hanya sebagai tempat rekreasi tetapi juga sebagai pusat penelitian dan konservasi tanaman. Untuk itu, Taman Hutan Kota HM Sabki diharapkan mampu menyediakan informasi yang memadai mengenai tanamannya. Program pengabdian pada masyarakat (PPM) ini membuat sistem informasi inventarisasi tanaman dan QR code sebagai penanda tanaman yang dapat dipindai menggunakan smartphone. Dengan begitu pengunjung dapat mengakses informasi detail mengenai tanaman. QR code adalah kode gambar 2-dimensi tercetak yang dapat menyimpan sejumlah informasi. Teknologi ini dapat menampilkan informasi mengenai tanaman yang sebelumnya telah dimasukkan oleh pengelola ke sistem informasi inventarisasi tanaman. Melalui aplikasi ini pengelola dapat dengan mudah mengelola semua informasi tentang tanaman.
Never Neutral, Never Alone
Authors: Lankes R. David
Published: August 2020

Library science is getting harder to teach. The variety in libraries of all types is increasing as more and more mold themselves to their communities rather than field-wide norms. How can library science education change to meet the new variety, and the variety in a post-neutrality world? The author proposes new metrics for evaluating the effectiveness of LIS programs:

Agility—What ongoing methods are in place to identify, evaluate, and prepare students for developments in a rapidly changing profession?

Connectedness—Who are the partners networked with the program and its faculty to ensure direct connection of the classroom to the field?

Embeddedness—What is the program’s ability to deliver authentic field experiences to students that allow them to contextualize theory and research methods?

Resilience—How prepared are librarians to face, understand (i.e., analyze), and solve the problems in a community in line with the professional mission and values of librarianship?
Educating Professionals for a Global Vision: No Past, No Future
Authors: Tammaro Anna Maria , Manfredi Antonio , Berloco Anna , De Castro Giulia , Distilo Mariangela
Published: August 2020

Since its beginning, IFLA has been concerned with education and training, creating guidelines and standards for educational quality. Ninety years after the first IFLA Conference, IFLA Satellite returned to the Vatican Library with the aim of stimulating a high-level conversation on the future of librarians. This article is a reflection on the IFLA’s role in the past and in the present for education and training and the impact of IFLA Global Vision on the education of new professionals. The main results of the conversation during the Satellite are that librarians are no longer the ones who mediate in a passive role between the communities and the collection but have been transformed into active agents of the community and, within it, “facilitators” of knowledge. The mutability of the global world context means that competencies must be reviewed and adapted to new operative instruments. The IFLA Global Vision and a focus on strong value bases may help librarians outline a more solid mission. Among the new disciplines emergent in the LIS context, technology and informatics are fundamental. The competencies in education have emphasized also the fundamental knowledge of research methods and critical abilities in analyzing the results. Nevertheless, librarians are not only users of research; they actively contribute to research and need practical abilities in programming and realization of research projects. From what emerged during the Rome Satellite, LIS is being enriched by new technological, ethical, and social aspects that should be inserted into future curricula and will become part of the librarian’s identity. The very rethinking of professional identity has in itself brought a transformation in the LIS discipline, in which the concepts of digital inclusion, social inclusion, and lifelong learning are central.
The Role of Mentoring in the Teaching Practice Period
Authors: Trifonova Tat'iana Mikhailovna
Published: August 2020

The need for a system of high-quality mentoring during students’ teaching practice, which takes place on the basis of educational institutions is substantiated. The views of various researchers on the concept of mentoring, as well as on the personality qualities that a teacher-mentor should have, are summarized. The experience of organizing teaching practice for the period 2018–2020 is analyzed. On the example of real situations, negative moments in the work of both teacher-mentor and the staff and administration of educational institutions were identified.
Teaching Ways of Emphasizing and Neutralizing of Connotation While Using Lexical Transformations in Translation of Fiction
Authors: Telegina Olga Vladimirovna
Published: August 2020

The scientific work includes wide theoretical and practical material about the study of necessity to use and teach students-future interpreters how to emphasize and neutralize connotations during fiction translation. Use of fiction as translation teaching aids is substantiated from the point of view of possible worlds theory and mental space of a language. Frequently used lexical, stylistics and combinatory transformations are recognized in translation of connotations from English into Russian on the example of the novel “Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix” by J.K. Rowling. The scientific work deals with the study of using different transformations due to which there is an effect of emphasizing and neutralizing. Difficulties of connotation translation are observed and ways to overcome the difficulties are given.
URGENCY OF INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIONS INTO THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF UKRAINE
Authors: VARDIASHVILI A.V.
Published: August 2020

Topicality. Today, innovative technologies are becoming increasingly important in all sectors of the economy and industry, including the country transport system. The efficiency of the national economy, its economic growth, the stability of territorial complexes and foreign economic activity is largely determined by the functioning of transport. On the one hand, advanced technologies in the transport sector reflect the level of development of the national economy and its competitiveness. On the other hand, they reflect the level of economic security of the state. Therefore, the introduction of innovations in the transport sector is one of the main tasks facing Ukraine, both for the state as a whole and for individual private logistic companies in particular. Only by introducing the latest technologies and developments into the national transport system, it is possible to achieve a significant reduction in door-to-door delivery time, improve the quality of transport products, reduce costs, which in turn will improve the efficiency of operation and management of the transport industry on the world market.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the increase of efficiency and effectiveness of the transport system of Ukraine at the expense of innovative technologies.Research results. The introduction of innovative technologies in maritime transport at the present stage is associated with innovation in document management, accompanying the movement of goods, automated supervision and control of the movement of goods and, first of all, containers, simplification of customs control, modernization of electronic interaction process (fleet and ports), executive authorities and other participants of foreign trade operations (transport agents, brokers, freight forwarders) at all stages of the logistics process.Conclusion. In order for Ukraine to take a worthy place in the world transport system, the country needs to modernize its national transport system; also, it needs to implement innovative transport solutions using world experience. In order to bring the transport system of Ukraine in line with international standards, it is necessary to implement investment and innovation projects in the industry. Implementation of innovative transport projects will allow to reconstruct existing and build new necessary transport infrastructure facilities, improve the efficiency of operation and management of the transport sector, change the availability, quality and safety of transport services that meet the needs of Ukraine's economy, consumers and population, improve attractiveness for foreign capital, which will reduce the cost of transport products throughout the transport process.
Epidemiological and Clinical Data in Low and Intermediate Risk Neuroblastoma: A Single Institution Experience and Survival Outcomes in Jerusalem
Authors: Sbeih Ala H , Salami Khadra , Morabito Fortunato , Saleh Hani
Published: August 2020

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate survival outcomes in neuroblastoma patients referred to Augusta Victoria hospital, Jerusalem between 2009 and 2018. Methods: This is a retrospective study of clinical and epidemiological data evaluating 34 low and intermediate risk neuroblastoma patients treated at a paediatric hematology/oncology center. Information of demographic, treatment modalities, and survival outcome were abstracted from patients medical records. Results: Diagnosing neuroblastoma is challenging due to its wide range of signs and symptoms. In this study, 34 patients were included, with a male to female ratio of 1:26 :1.0. The most common location of the tumor is the abdomen followed by the mediastinal region. Forthy one percent of the cases presented with metastasis, mainly to the liver (20%), bone marrow (15%), and the lymph nodes (6%). Overall survival for Low risk neuroblastoma is 100% while the Intermediate risk neuroblastoma had a 93.1% chance of survival. Conclusion: The outcome and prognosis of low risk and intermediate risk Neuroblastoma is excellent as it is seen in developed countries. More attention is needed for early detection and early treatment could improve survival.
Cancer Incidence in Nepal: A Three-Year Trend Analysis 2013-2015
Authors: Shrestha Gambhir , Neupane Prakash , Lamichhane Nirmal , Acharya Bijaya Chandra , Siwakoti Bhola , Subedi Krishna Prasad , Pradhananga Kishore Kumar , Mulmi Rashmi
Published: August 2020

Background: Cancer is an major public health problem in the world. This study aims to present a three-year trend of cancer incidence in Nepal. Methods: This study used the three-year data of National Cancer Registry Program (NCRP) from January 2013 to December 2015. NCRP currently includes 12 major hospitals where diagnostic treatment facilities are available and represent the majority of the cases in Nepal. Descriptive analysis was used to present the demographic profile of the participants and the incidence of different topography of cancer. Age-specific and age-adjusted cancer incidence per 100,000 population were presented. Results: A total of 27,483 new cancer cases were included in the study. The age-adjusted incidence rates were 39.1, 39.8 and 41.8 per 100,000 population in the year 2013, 2014 and 2015 respectively. The most common cancer in Nepal was lung followed by cervical, breast, stomach and colorectal cancer. Among males, lung cancer was the most common followed by lip and oral cavity, stomach, colorectal cancer and leukemia and among females, cervical cancer followed by breast, lung, ovary and stomach. Conclusion: Cancer incidence is rising in Nepal and thus comprehensive policies targeting prevention, early detection, and treatment programs should be carried out.
Frequency of Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis and Its Correlation with the Level of Education in Patients Coming to a Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi from January 2018 to December 2018
Authors: Tariq Hira , Ahmed Sana , Naz Maria , Naureen Ayesha
Published: August 2020

Objective: To determine the frequency of oral submucous fibrosis in patients coming to dental OPD of a tertiary care hospital and to correlate the association of level of education among patients of oral submucous fibrosis.Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018 among patients coming to the dental OPD of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Convenience sampling was used to select patients of Oral Submucous Fibrosis and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data on level of education, age, gender and Habit. Result: A total of 4405 patients visited the OPD and 135 patients were diagnosed with OSMF based on clinical findings. Mean age of OSMF patients was 33.6 years with nearly half 47.7% having no formal education.43.2% were skilled workers followed by 34.8% housewives and 22% were professionals. Betel nut was the most common used habit 79.5% among OSMF patients. Significant association of betelnut (p-0.001) among females(94.5%) compared to males (68.8%) and significant association of gutka (p-0.004) among males(24.7%) than females (5.5%)was observed. No significant association of level of education with substance abuse was observed. Conclusion: The finding of high frequency of betel nut usage among housewives and gutka among skilled workers is alarm some. Our literacy level despite being very low is not the sole reason of increase of substance abuse rather even the educated ones are not at par with this habit.
Zinc Supplementation Prevents the Complications of COVID-19 Infection in Cancer Patients
Authors: Derouiche Samir
Published: August 2020

Novel coronavirus” SARS-CoV-2 is rapidly spreading worldwide with a significant mortality rate. In the crisis of COVID-19, cancer patients are seen as a very weak group and this is because of their weakened immune system and hence we aim in this research to show the importance of zinc as a buffer against cancer in COVID-19 for cancer patients. Zinc is an essential trace element that is crucial for growth, development, and the maintenance of immune function. zinc supplementation decreased and generation of inflammatory cytokines. zinc supplementation should have beneficial effects on cancer by decreasing oxidative stress, angiogenesis and induction of inflammatory cytokines while increasing apoptosis in cancer cells. zinc supplementation implemented to improve the antiviral response and systemic immunity in patients with cancer diseases. With the multiple doses approved from zinc, we suggest that there be an supplement in zinc by 50 mg / day for three month with each treatment for cancer patients, in order to strengthen the immune system to prevent the serious effects of COVID19 infection.
A Practical Guide to Mitigate the Response of Corona Virus Pandemic in Radiotherapy Treatment
Authors: Bansal Shashank , Jagtap Vikas , Bora Ghritashee
Published: August 2020

The current global pandemic of Corona virus has impacted the health care severely. Many of the non-emergency cases and general illness cases have been asked to avoid hospital visit or wait for elective surgeries. The same may not be possible for the patients suffering from cancer as it considered a major health problem owing to the risk of metastasis as well as disease becoming unresectable with time. Unfortunately, we don’t have studies weighing the risk versus benefit ratio of delaying oncological treatment weighted against an added comorbidity of COVID infection. Radiotherapy being an integral part of cancer care is affected the most as it is delivered, continuous over a long period of time and unplanned gap because of travel restriction on patients makes decision making more difficult for radiation oncologist. In this article we’ve highlighted few major problems in delivering radiation to cancer patients at this time of global pandemic of corona virus and tried to find out possible solution.
Cancer Researchers in Time of the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Time to Repurpose and Rethink
Authors: Singh Mayank , Prasad Chandra Prakash
Published: August 2020

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic the cancer researchers and patients around the world are looking at a uncertain future. The lockdown that followed the outbreak has derailed all the cancer research activities around the world. Labs have been shut and ongoing experiemts and drug trials have to be halted. It has resulted in to a catastrophic loss to patients and researchers. Since securing grants for research in todays competitive world is hard and there are deadlines to be met so many postdocs and principal investigators around the world are looking at a uncertain future. The pandemic has resulted in diversion of resources to contain COVID-19 pandemic which will lad to funding crunch in near future. In this review we try to address different issues faced by cancer research labs and discuss potential ways to survive this pandemic professionally.
A Comprehensive Review on the Working of a Radiation Oncology Facility During the Covid-19 Pandemic and Adapting it for South Asian Settings
Authors: Haresh Kunhi , Izzuddeen Yousra , Gupta Anil , Kumar Narendra , Bora Devangana , Pandjatcharam Jagadesan , Bahl Amit , Velu Umesh , Pandit Subhash , Ajitha Krishnanunni Vijayakumar , Rana Khan Mohammad Masud , Obeysekara Lakshman , Gupta Subhash , Rath Goura Kishor
Published: August 2020

Background: With the pandemic gaining a firm foothold globally, various governments world-wide are trying hard to halt its unprecedented spread. The pandemic is challenging the healthcare professionals in unique ways and forcing the frontline fighters to come up with dynamic changes in almost all disciplines of medical science. This article is aimed at a detailed review of the exist-ing guidelines for radiotherapy practice during this pandemic from across the world. Methods: This review has been organised under specific subheadings that pertains to the functioning of a Radiation Oncology facility in South Asian countries like India. After a detailed Zoom video conference between the authors, it was decided to focus the review under the following sub-headings: staff allocation, staff education, screening of patients, patient waiting area modifica-tion, patient selection, radiotherapy planning and execution, review of patients on radiotherapy, brachytherapy, inpatient admissions, follow up, resident training and treatment of suspected or positive COVID 19 patients.Results: After discussion among the authors, a consensus working suggestion during the COVID-19 pandemic has been proposed for a radiotherapy center in a South Asian country like India. All the authors worked simultaneously on a Google doc docu-ment to develop this manuscript. Conclusions: This paper can be a reference document for the functioning of a radiotherapy facility during the COVID19 pandemic. As the infrastructure of different institutes vary and so does each patient, the importance of fine tuning and tailoring our final decisions before treating a patient in this unprecedented crisis cannot be undermined.
COVID-19: the Austrian experience
Authors: Heger Florian , Moshammer Hanns
Published: August 2020

This short paper reports on the Austrian experiences with the Corona pandemic in the first quarter of 2020. In the beginning Austrian experts neglected the threat but a cluster in a skiing resort including international visitors served as a wake-up call and quickly after that strict and successful measures were applied. The paper proceeds describing the development of SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing and upgrading of testing facilities in Austria. The Austrian Agency for Health & Food Safety (AGES) played a leading role in this process. International cooperation and information exchange were fundamental to the successful implementation of specific and sensitive laboratory methods.
Coronavirus Infection in Children
Authors: Leonidovna Bannova Svetlana , Gennadievich Puzyrev Viktor
Published: August 2020

SARS-COV-2 is a highly contagious anthroponotic infection. The relevance of the study of the disease is due to the wide prevalence of the pandemic worldwide to the extent that it affects all age groups and populations, the lack of long-term and intense immunity, and high mortality, mainly among adults.Children are also susceptible to SARS-COV-2 infection, but this age group is more likely to be asymptomatic. This article summarizes the main trends in clinical manifestations and treatment of coronavirus infection in children available in current moment.
Species of the genus Dioryche similar to D. cuprina (Dejean, 1929) comb. nov. (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalini)
Authors: Kataev B.M.
Published: August 2020

Based on examination of the type specimens, Selenophorus cuprinus Dejean, 1829 and Selenophorus lucidulus Dejean, 1829 are transferred to the genus Dioryche MacLeay, 1825. These species are redescribed and new data on their distribution are provided. Three new species are described: D. (s. str.) dravidana sp. nov. from Southern India, D. (s. str.) nitidula sp. nov. from Northern India and D. (s. str.) subrecta sp. nov. from Pakistan, Northern India and Nepal. The following new synonyms are established: D. cuprina (Dejean, 1829) comb. nov. =Harpalus colombensis Nietner, 1857, syn. nov. = Cardiaderus scitus Walker, 1858, syn. nov.; D. lucidula (Dejean, 1829) comb. nov. = Platymetopus colombensis var. braccatus Bates, 1891, syn. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Selenophorus cuprinus Dejean, 1829 and Platymetopus colombensis var. braccatus Bates, 1891. The taxonomic position of Dioryche among other genera of the Selenophori group is discussed.
US-Afghan Talks: Myths and Realities
Authors: Tariq Muhammad
Published: August 2020

This article focuses on US-Taliban talks in the context of intra-Afghan talks. The talks provide for the restoration of peace in Afghanistan and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan after a period of about 19 years. It also provides for the swap of 5,000 Taliban held by the government and 1,000 Afghan in the custody of Taliban. The agreement cannot be put into practice on account of mutual distrust by both the Afghan government and the Taliban. Though there is pressure from the US over the Afghan government for resumption of talks with Taliban yet no fruitful result has been obtained. The government of Afghanistan is not only faced with threat of insurgency from Taliban but also the ISKP or ISIS. The US withdrawal from Afghanistan and failure of the US-Taliban talks is testimony to the fact that Realism has failed to shape the politics of the smaller states.
Islamic Family Values Depicted in Urdu Drama before and during Cable Era
Authors: Khan Rooh ul Amin , Arafat Yasar , Shahzad Muhammad Atif
Published: August 2020

This study aims to describe the content analysis of televised Urdu dramas before and after the advent of the cable. This research focuses that how relationships between the married couple are depicted in televised Urdu drama serials. The Islamic objective of marriage is examined in this study. This study divided the Urdu drama serials into two broad eras, pre cable and post cable eras, it is observed that in pre cable dramas serials, relationship between the married couple was more positive and loving and more in accord with Islamic objective of marriage. On the other hand, in post cable era, the relationship between husband and wife presented in televised Urdu drama serials found to be more negative, deviating from the Islamic objective of marriage. Extramarital relations are on the increase side in post cable era; these relations were absent pre cable Urdu drama serials.
Modellierung der Vegetationshöhenstufen und der Areale von Buche und Tanne für die Schweiz
Authors: Huber Barbara , Gubelmann Päivi , Zischg Andreas , Augustin Sabine , Frehner Monika
Published: August 2020

Modelling of the vegetation belts and the areas of beech and silver fir for Switzerland

The vegetation belts and the distribution area of beech and silver fir in Switzerland are an essential basis for the classification of forest site types with ecograms and therefore for site-specific recommendations of tree species and for forestry. Their limits, which are to a large extend defined by climatic factors, were until now only defined on a qualitative basis. For the future usage of the ecograms for tree species recommendations the limits must be described quantitatively, so that they can be modelled for the future with climate scenarios. With maps in a high spatial resolution of the forest-relevant climate variables and with additional important site parameters, those parameters were selected, which were relevant for the actual limits of the vegetation belts as well as for the beech and silver fir areal. The altitudinal belts were modelled by means of a linear regression between the known position of a representative altitudinal limit and the respective climatic factors at that position. The areal limits were modelled with a fuzzy logic approach. The climatic variables for the time span 2070–2099 were calculated on the basis of the climate (emission) scenario A1B (regional models RegCM3 and CLM), so that the limits of the altitudinal belts and the areas could be modelled for the future. The results of the model approaches are ecologically plausible. This could be shown in a comparison with the forest site types on the sample points of the National Forest Inventory and in an expert evaluation. The developed vegetation and climate maps as well as the modelled projections of the altitudinal belts in the future are the basis for the inclusion of climate change in the recommendation of tree species. They serve as decision support for forest managers and authorities in the forestry planning which is confronted with many uncertainties.
La acción política en la libertad según "Octogesima adveniens"
Authors: Pérez Leñero José
Published: August 2020

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"Octogesima adveniens" en busca de la tercera vía entre marxismo y liberalismo
Authors: Uriarte Pedro
Published: August 2020

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MAPK/ERK Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Albert Gasco Hector , ROS-BERNAL FRANCISCO , CASTILLO-GÓMEZ ESTHER , Olucha-Bordonau Francisco
Published: August 2020

The signaling pathway of the microtubule-associated protein kinase or extracellular regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) is a common mechanism of extracellular information transduction from extracellular stimuli to the intracellular space. The transduction of information leads to changes in the ongoing metabolic pathways and the modification of gene expression patterns. In the central nervous system, ERK is expressed ubiquitously, both temporally and spatially. The MAP-ERK pathway is a key element of the neuroinflammatory pathway triggered by glial cells during the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as prionic diseases. The process triggered by MAPK/ERK activation depends on the stage of development (mature or senescence), the type of cellular element in which the pathway is activated, and the anatomic neural structure. However, extensive gaps exist with regards to the targets of the phosphorylated ERK in many of these processes.
Online Food Delivery Platforms
Authors: li Charlene , Mirosa Miranda , Bremer Phil
Published: August 2020

In the midst of the global 2020 COVID-19 outbreak, the advantages of online food delivery (FD) were obvious as it facilitated consumer access to prepared meals and enabled food providers to keep operating. However, online FD is not without its critics, with reports of consumer and restaurant boycotts. It is therefore time to take stock and consider the broader impacts of online FD and what they mean for the stakeholders involved. Using the three pillars of sustainability as a lens through which to consider the impacts, this review presents the most up-to-date research in this field revealing a raft of positive and negative impacts. From an economic standpoint, online FD while providing job and sale opportunities has been criticized for high commissions it charges restaurants and questionable working conditions for delivery people. From a social perspective, online FD is affecting the relationship between consumers and their food as well as influencing public health outcomes and traffic systems. Environmental impacts include the generation of worrying amounts of waste and its high carbon footprints. Stakeholders must consider how best to mitigate the negative and promote the positive impacts of online FD to ensure that it is sustainable, in every sense, moving forward.
Dom Arcângelo Cerqua (in memoriam): um estudo sobre a liderança e o empreendedorismo solidário
Authors: Silva Luiz Fragata , Paulino Alexandre Hagra de Souza , Justi Jadson , Almeida Silvane Mascarenhas
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo apresenta um estudo realizado sobre o primeiro Bispo do município de Parintins, Amazonas, Brasil, Dom Arcângelo Cerqua (in memoriam), tendo em vista analisar sua visão empreendedora e sua capacidade inovadora a partir das práticas adotadas no período como Bispo Diocesano. Partindo dessa premissa, foi investigado o patrimônio material da Igreja Católica de Parintins construído na gestão de Dom Arcângelo Cerqua. Tais obras tinham o intuito de auxiliar no desenvolvimento social e econômico da população parintinense. Como método de pesquisa, foi utilizada a pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas entrevistas com três participantes que conviveram com o Bispo. Objetiva-se sob esse cenário, evidenciar o empreendedorismo pelo comportamento desempenhado na gestão de Dom Arcângelo, que serviu para alavancar a capacidade de inovação por meio de suas obras, tendo em vista sua competência e a capacidade de gerar fonte de renda com seus feitos solidários. Este estudo revela que, mediante o trabalho eclesial, o Bispo desempenhou um importante papel na sociedade parintinense, sendo essa peça fundamental para o desenvolvimento social, econômico e político, cujas contribuições foram em grande parte nas construções do patrimônio material do município. Além disso, destaca-se o comportamento visionário dele que possibilitou semear em Parintins possibilidades de empreender sob uma visão inovadora e de liderança.