bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beyond Martha Nussbaum's Cognitive-Evaluative Approach to the Emotions: Separating Reader and Narrative Affective Experience from Ethical Judgments inLolita
Authors: Martin Lindsay A.
Published: June 2017

Martha Nussbaum has famously argued that narrative fiction can expand readers' capacity to make appropriate ethical judgments because it requires readers' discernment of nuanced ethical situations, and because the emotional dynamics of engaging with the particulars of a fiction aids that discernment. In this essay, I argue that Nabokov's Lolita pushes Martha Nussbaum's philosophy of emotions and ethics to its limits by creating the audience position of “lyrical addressee,” which, in contrast with two other central audience positions, encourages affective participation and thus temporarily sidesteps concerns over ethical judgments against Humbert. Accounting for the critical tendency to ignore the power of emotions, I first describe how Lolita invokes the lyrical addressee only after Humbert establishes two other narratee positions, both of which devalue emotional experience and make it easy to ignore the lyrical addressee position. I argue that in the audience position of “lyrical addressee,” a reader can notice two important features that emphasize affective experience and feeling with Humbert: (1) the breakdown of the communicative situation, indicating the power of Humbert's emotions; and (2) the establishment of a “fuzzy” mood that transcends character and setting boundaries to involve even a reader who wishes to sympathize with Dolores's pain. Ultimately, in passages aimed at the lyrical addressee, there is a significant loss of the specificity that Nussbaum claims aids ethical decisions. In these moments, the move to generality, which appears in the form of a breakdown of communication and the permeable boundaries between characters and settings, renders ethical decisions temporarily irrelevant.
Adhesive Strength of Pilot-Scale-Produced Water-Washed Cottonseed Meal in Comparison with a Synthetic Glue for Non-Structural Interior Application
Authors: He Zhongqi , Chiozza Fabio
Published: June 2017

Water-washed cottonseed meal (WCSM) has been shown the potential to be used as renewable and environment- friendly adhesives in wood products industry. Recently, WCSM was produced from defatted meal in a pilot scale. In this study, we initially compare the adhesive strength of the pilot-produced WCSM with that of a synthetic glue Vinavil 2259 L. WCSM may be used as the conventional D1 wood adhesives for nonstructural interior application per European standard EN204/205. Non-structural D3 type adhesives is more widely used in protected outside. Under the testing conditions, WCSM possessed very high heat resistance according to European standard EN14257 (WATT 91)-adhesive strength after 1 hour at 80°C. However, the dry strength (EN204/205) and water resistance (specimen were put in water for 4 days and then pulled in the dynamometer) of WCSM were lower than those of the synthetic glue Vinavil 2259 L. Blending WCSM with Vinavil 2259 L improved the water resistance of WCSM, allowing the classification of the WCSM adhesive as D3. Further work will be focused on the increase of solid content of the final adhesive slurries and the improvement of their water resistance.
ТЭХИЙН ШЭЭГ 3 БЭЛДМЭЛИЙН ЭЛЭГ ХАМГААЛАХ ҮЙЛДЛИЙГ СУДАЛСАН ДҮН
Authors: О Анужин , Э Очбаяр , А Алтанчимэг , П Болормаа
Published: June 2017

бударгана (SalsolalaricifoliaTurcz), Намгийн сургар (Ledumpalustre) зэрэг ургамлуудаас гарган авсан Тэхийн шээг 3 бэлдмэлийн энэ удаагийн судалгаандаа бид Balb/C үүлдрийн 45 цагаан хулганад 4 хлорт нүүрстөрөгчөөр (CCI4) өдөөсөн элэгний эмгэг загвар дээр элэг хамгаалах үйлдлийг судалж гистопаталогийн шинжилгээгээр дүгнэсэн юм. Судалгааны үр дүнд хувилбар бүлгийн үзүүлэлтүүд хяналтын бүлгээс сайжирч байгаа нь Тэхийн шээг 3 бэлдмэл нь элэг хамгаалах үйлчилгээ үзүүлэх боломжтой байна.
БАЙЦААТНЫ ТӨРЛИЙН ТАРИМЛЫН ТАЛБАЙД САРЬСАН ДАЛАВЧИТ ПАРАЗИТ ШАВЬЖ-(Cotesia glomerata L)-ИЙН БИОЛОГИЙН ХАМГААЛЛЫН АЧ ХОЛБОГДОЛЫГ СУДАЛСАН ДҮН
Authors: А Энхтогтох , Д Ундармаа
Published: June 2017

Энэхүү судалгааны үр дүнгээр байцаа тариалсан нутгуудад байцааны төрөл (Brassicaceae), сортууд дээр сармаг манжингийн цагаан эрвээхэйн паразит шавьж (Cotesia glomerata L) шонхор зөгийн гаралт, тархалтыг тооцож үзэхэд эртийн байцаанд паразитойдын хүүхэлдэй 49 ширхэг, дунд оройн болцтой байцаанд 38 ширхэг, хүрэн байцаанд-22 ширхэг тохиолдож байсан бол броколи байцаанд-9 ширхэг тоологдсон нь эзэн шавьж болох сармаг манжингийн цагаан эрвээхэй нь броколи (Brassica olereacia) болон хүрэн байцаа (Brassica olereacia var capitata)-г бага гэмтээж байгаатай холбоотой гэж үзэж байна. Бөөрөнхий байцааны дөрвөн өөр сорт дээр сармаг манжингийн цагаан эрвээхэйн паразит (Cotesia glomerata L)-гийн тархалт, нягтрал, тохиолдоцын төлөв бүх сортын байцаан дээр паразит нь эзэн шавьжаас илт давамгайлж байснаас үзэхэд паразитойд (Cotesia glomerata L) нь сармаг манжингийн цагаан эрвээхэйн популяцийг дарангуйлах хэмжээнд гарч тархаж байгаа нь харагдаж байна. Химийн инсектицид хэрэглэсэн талбайд байцааны хөнөөлтэй зүйл болох сармаг манжингийн цагаан эрвээхэйн нягтрал тооцоот ургамал дээр 711.2-941.4 бодьгаль, харин пестицид хэрэглээгүй талбайд төдийлөн ихсээгүй 15±0.0-36±0.3 бодьгалийн нягтралтай байгаа нь түүний паразитойд (Cotesia glomeratа L) нь энэхүү зүйлийг хөнөөл учруулахаас доогуур түвшинд барьж байгааг илтгэж байна. Үүнээс үзэхэд химийн инсектицид нь ашигтай зүйлийн гаралт, тархалтанд сөрөг нөлөөтэй нь харагдаж байна.
НООСНЫ ҮЙЛДВЭРИЙН АГУУЛАХАД ХИВЭН ЭРВЭЭХИЙН ТАРХАЛТЫГ ТОГТООЖ ХЯНАЛТ ТАВИХ АРГА
Authors: Л Норовсүрэн , Г Ганбат , Ч Мягмар
Published: June 2017

Ноос, ноосон бүтээгдэхүүнд био гэмтэл учруулдаг хивэн эрвээхийн тархалтын судалгааг явуулж, хөнөөлийн зэргийг тогтоов. Хивэн эрвээхий (Tineola biselliella)–н түүхий эдийн агуулах, үйлдвэр аж ахуйн газруудад халаалттай ба халаалтгүй орчинд 4563%, чийгтэй, 17270 С температурын нөхцөлд өргөн тархалттай байна. Хивэн эрвээхий нь ноос, ноосон эдлэл амьтны хялгас, ангийн арьс, үслэг эдлэл, музейн үзмэр, эсгий эдлэл, буйдан суудалын бүрээс зэрэг маш олон зүйлийг идэж гэмтээн ахуйн нөхцөл болон үйлдвэр аж ахуйн газруудад асар их хэмжээний хохирол учруулж байгаа нь судалгаа туршилтын дүнд тогтоогдлоо. Гадаад улс, орнуудад кератин агуулсан түүхий эд, бүтээгдэхүүнд биогэмтэл учруулагч хивэн эрвээхийг тархахаас урьдчилан сэргийлэх хяналт тавих, илрүүлэх зорилгоор урхи ашигладаг байна. Энэхүү аргыг хүрээлэн буй орчны тогтвортой менежментийг хангах хөтөлбөрийн хүрээнд хяналт ба илрүүлэлт гэж нэрлэдэг байна [9]. Туршилтын энэхүү арга технологийг өөрийн орны онцлогт тохируулан ноосны үйлдвэрийн түүхий эдийн агуулахад хивэн эрвээхий тархахаас урьдчилан сэргийлэх, хяналт тавьж илрүүлэх арга ба механик аргыг туршиж боловсрууллаа. Цаасан урхи, гэрлэн ба феромон урхийг ноосны үйлдвэрийн түүхий эдийн агуулахад 1 метр, 2 метрийн өндөрт хоорондын зай 0.5 метрийн зайтайгаар байрлуулан урхинд илэрсэн хивэн эрвээхийг 8 цаг, 12 цаг, 24 цаг тутамд хяналт тавьж байх нь хамгийн тохиромжтой болохыг судалгааны туршилтын үр дүнгээр тогтоов.
ДУЛААНЫ КОЛЛЕКТОР ЗОХИОН БҮТЭЭЖ ТУРШСАН ДҮН
Authors: С Ганчулуун , Д Баатархүү
Published: June 2017

Тус судалгааны ажлын хүрээнд нарны эрчим хүчийг ашиглан орон байрыг халаах зориулалт бүхий дулааны коллектор зохион бүтээж, туршиж нарны цацраг, коллекторын гаралтын температур, орчны температурын хоорондын хамаарлыг тодорхойлов. Мөн коллекторын гаргаж байгаа ашигтай эрчим болон коллекторт хүрэлцхүйц нарны цацрагийн чадлыг тооцож олов. Судалгааны ажлын үр дүнд дулааны коллекторын чадал 1064.65 Вт, ашигт үйлийн коэффициент 0.64 байгаа нь практикт хэрэглэгдэж байгаа коллекторуудтай ойролцоо байна.
Агаар мандлын тунгалагжилтын коэффициентыг тооцоолох нь
Authors: Г Даваахүү , Д Батмөнх , Молотов И Е , Позаненко А С
Published: June 2017

The ability of the atmosphere to pass electromagnetic wave depends on the mass of air, traced rays, as well as water vapor and dust in the air. Transparency of the atmosphere varies for different wavelengths of radiation and the greater the smaller the absorption and scattering in the atmosphere. Transparency of the atmosphere can be characterized by a transmission coefficient equal to the percentage of radiation that passes through the atmosphere at the steep fall-rays, or so-called turbidity factor, which shows the extent to which the transparency of the real atmosphere in these conditions is different from a perfectly clean and dry (perfect) air. The atmospheric transparency at various points of the globe is not the same. The most transparent air into the pole regions because there it contains the smallest amount of dust and moisture. Changes in humidity and dust content of air in this paragraph for the year determines the annual variation of atmospheric transparency at this point. In this paper we define the atmospheric transmission coefficient from measurements of solar UV radiation in different parts of Mongolia.
Double Expectations: Law Enforcement Workers and Dilemmas on Handling Drug Use at the Street Level
Authors: Quadros Rigoni Rafaela de
Published: June 2017

This paper analyses law enforcement workers’ experiences when transforming policies for crack cocaine and heroin into practice. It focuses on dilemmas workers have and choices they make when approaching drug users. Grounded theory principles and ethnographic techniques were used to gather and analyse in depth interviews and extensive participant observations of 20 workers across the cities of Amsterdam (Netherlands) and Porto Alegre (Brazil). The comparative analysis enables to explore the impact of different socio-economic and political environments on workers’ practices around drug use. Three areas in which law enforcement workers reported to have dilemmas concern workers’ choices on how to deal with violence; choices between being tough or friendly towards users; and on defining their role on curbing public nuisance. If a first sight shows differences between the cities, in a closer look interesting similarities appear. When deciding upon approaching drug users, law enforcement workers drift between order and care approaches. At the street level, different contexts produce ambiguities and workers’ experiences question the etic reductionism in simple dichotomies of care vs. order approaches. From this closer perspective, similarities appear more clearly, as well as counterpoising perspectives to the stereotypical views of Dutch and Brazilian workers.
Software for Complete Mode Structure Analysis of a Light Field
Authors: Burenkov Ivan A. , Polyakov Sergey V.
Published: June 2017

We present a software package aimed at simulating photon-number probability distributions of a range of classical and non-classical states of light. This software can generate arbitrary probability distributions from user-defined mode structure of a light field. It can also solve the reverse problem, i.e., reconstructing the mode structure of a light field from a given probability distribution. The mode structure fully defines a light field. Thus it provides information about the source of light without having to directly access the source. The multimode fields simulated by this software include those comprised of a number of thermal modes, a Poisson mode, and single-photon modes. In addition, conjugated multimode sources (such as those created via parametric downconversion (PDC) or four-wave mixing (FWM)) can be simulated. This software provides for a nearly-perfect reconstruction of multimode fields comprised of several correlated and uncorrelated thermal and Poisson modes. The code is particularly effective at characterizing mesoscopic quantum states of light. This software can be modified to include other types of modes (i.e., governed by other statistical distributions), as needed.
Notre maître l’avenir, ou le terreau des ancêtres? L’ambivalence temporelle chez Fernand Dumont (1956-1967)
Authors: Poitras Daniel
Published: June 2017

Au tournant des années 1960, Fernand Dumont se penche sur le passé du Québec et constate les ravages provoqués par le fatalisme et la « Grande-Peur québécoisée », qui atrophient l’expérience du passé. Le jeune sociologue attend de l’historien qu’il libère ses contemporains des fixations sur les mythes désuets et effectue une transmutation des valeurs anciennes en valeurs nouvelles. Plutôt que d’étudier le rôle que Dumont donne à l’historien à travers le seul récit émancipatoire du Québec, je propose d’insérer ce récit dans le régime d’historicité pour mieux saisir la transformation du rapport à l’historiographie et à l’actualisation du passé chez Dumont. Si la question des traditions à retrouver (ou carrément à donner) au Québec pour le sortir de ses ornières mobilise toute sa génération intellectuelle, Dumont manifeste une ambivalence temporelle qui le fait osciller entre le futurisme et l’appel aux ancêtres. En commentant sévèrement les historiens canadiens-français et en puisant sans vergogne dans l’histoire française, Dumont cherche à retrouver tantôt un « cheminement de la liberté », tantôt une « tradition socialiste » propres au Canada français, mais il constate à tout moment la fragilité et l’évanescence de ces repères passés, ce qui l’amène à puiser dans l’histoire française. Mais le volontarisme historiographique des années 1960 sera-t-il suffisant pour combler ce fossé et donner aux contemporains des lieux de mémoire inspirants?
APPRENTISSAGE PAR PROBLÈME ET PSYCHOTHÉRAPIE : LORSQUE LA MÉTHODE D’ENSEIGNEMENT RENCONTRE LA MÉTHODE CLINIQUE
Authors: Terradas Miguel M. , Achim Julie
Published: June 2017

Cet article expose les réflexions suscitées par l’utilisation de la méthode d’apprentissage par problème (APP) dans la formation universitaire en psychologie clinique. Cette méthode s’avère pertinente pour l’acquisition des compétences cliniques spécifiques à la pratique de la psychothérapie. Les processus se déployant au sein de la méthode APP et de la psychothérapie partagent plusieurs lieux communs. Ils sont abordés à la lumière de notions fondamentales propres au travail clinique : observation, rigueur, processus relationnels inhérents au lien thérapeutique, espace transitionnel, autorégulation, échafaudage, co-construction et élaboration d’un narratif. Un exemple permet d’illustrer les processus d’intégration et de co-construction des connaissances se manifestant en APP.
Identification et quantification de 81 résidus médicamenteux au sein d'une zone de rejet végétalisée : rétention différenciée des compartiments eau-sol-plantes
Authors: Nuel Maximilien , Laurent Julien , Bois Paul , Heintz Dimitri , Wanko Adrien
Published: June 2017

La présence de résidus médicamenteux dans les cours d’eau est notamment due à une épuration incomplète de ces derniers dans les stations de traitement des eaux usées (STEU). Leur impact potentiel sur la faune aquatique a été mis en lumière par la féminisation des poissons causée par la présence d’hormones à quelques ng∙L‑1 dans l'eau. Cette étude fait un focus de plusieurs mois sur les performances d’épuration d’un filtre planté de roseaux à deux étages et écoulement vertical (FPRvv), ainsi que de la zone de rejet végétalisée (ZRV) située en aval du FPRvv. La STEU est dimensionnée pour 808 équivalents habitants et se situe dans le Haut-Rhin, France. La ZRV est de type mare et reçoit les eaux en sortie de FPRvv et les restitue au milieu récepteur; 81 résidus pharmaceutiques y sont recherchés dans les échantillons d’eau, de plantes et de sol. Les résultats mettent en évidence que le nombre de micropolluants a augmenté en période hivernale. Une concentration maximum fut atteinte en novembre 2016 pour l’amitriptyline (antidépresseur) à 2,9 µg∙L‑1 alors qu’en été ce fut l’alpha éthinylestradiol (contraceptif hormonal) à 54 µg∙L-1. Le FPRvv a abattu majoritairement entre 30 et 70 % des micropolluants. La ZRV a quant à elle complété cette épuration en abattant là aussi majoritairement entre 30 et 70 % de la pollution en sortie de FPRvv (soit une participation à l’épuration globale comprise entre 30 et 70 %). L’étude des plantes et du sol de la ZRV a mis en lumière que ces matrices captaient des micropolluants et les cumulaient dans le temps. Les concentrations sont de l’ordre du pg∙g‑1 de matière sèche (plante) ou de boue égouttée. La détection des molécules diffère qualitativement et quantitativement d’une plante à l’autre, laissant supposer un transfert spécifique d’une molécule à une espèce.
LE BONHEUR DES GENS HEUREUX
Authors: Veilleux Mélanie , Mandeville Lucie , Morin Karine
Published: June 2017

Le présent article décrit l’expérience subjective des gens heureux à partir de trois composantes du bonheur : le plaisir, l’engagement et le sens à sa vie. Une étude phénoménologique a été réalisée auprès de six participants reconnus comme des modèles de personnes heureuses. L’analyse thématique fait ressortir sept conceptions du bonheur (c’est un choix, c’est une question de pouvoir personnel, il est en soi, il dépend peu des circonstances, il ne provient pas des autres, le bonheur est une quête et il a une base génétique). Les résultats mettent en lumière les déterminants du bonheur : la génétique, les conditions externes, l’adaptation hédonique, l’investissement personnel, ainsi que les composantes du modèle PERMA.
Le bonheur collectif : Une approche-population au bien-Être subjectif est-elle possible?
Authors: Brunson Liesette
Published: June 2017

Il y a un intérêt croissant pour l’utilisation d’indicateurs de bien-être subjectif pour le monitorage au niveau des populations et pour l’évaluation des politiques sociales. Les indicateurs collectifs de bien-être subjectif fournissent des informations sur la qualité de vie qui complètent d’autres indicateurs sociaux et économiques. Des recherches récentes mettent l’accent sur les conditions sociales qui contribuent au bien-être. Que disent les recherches sur une approche-population pour la promotion du bien-être? Une telle approche est-elle pertinente pour les psychologues? Cet article vise à donner un aperçu non exhaustif de la littérature qui traite des indicateurs de bien-être subjectif et de leurs implications possibles pour les politiques sociales et les interventions au sein de la population.
ATTITUDES et comportements alimentaires inappropriés ET CARACTÉRISTIQUES PSYCHOSOCIALES DES SPORTIFS : COMPARAISON ENTRE DEUX NIVEAUX DE PRATIQUE SPORTIVE
Authors: Bonanséa Maud , Monthuy-Blanc Johana , Aimé Annie , Therme Pierre , Maïano Christophe
Published: June 2017

L’objectif de cette étude est de comparer les attitudes et comportements alimentaires inappropriés (ACAI) ainsi que les caractéristiques psychosociales - anxiété physique sociale, perceptions du soi physique, pression perçue pour être mince - entre deux niveaux de pratique sportive (intensive et de loisir). Cent quarante-six adolescents français ont rempli un ensemble de questionnaires. Les résultats indiquent que, comparativement aux sportifs qui s’entraînent en loisir, les sportifs de niveau intensif sont plus nombreux à avoir recours à des ACAI, ils ressentent également plus d’insatisfaction corporelle et d’anxiété physique sociale, ils sont moins satisfaits de leur apparence physique et ressentent plus de pression pour mincir.
vÉcu psychique du trauma de la maltraitance infantile et rÉsilience sororale : lecture clinique et projective
Authors: Mazoyer Anne-Valérie , Auriol-Verge Séverine , Roques Marjorie , De Berail Brune
Published: June 2017

Après avoir rappelé les principales théories du traumatisme, nous analysons les effets psychiques des maltraitances et la mobilisation de la résilience de type sororal auprès de 3 jeunes soeurs placées dans un foyer éducatif. Grâce à une méthodologie projective (entretiens cliniques de recherche, Children apperception test et un dessin de la famille), les résultats montrent que le trauma peine à être intégré par la fratrie et que la résilience sororale ne s’est pas développée. Cet article affirme la nécessité de soutenir une réflexion autour de placement de membres d’une même fratrie.
Évaluations et interventions en pédopsychiatrie : Contribution de la mentalisation et de ses précurseurs à la pratique
Authors: Terradas Miguel M. , Domon-Archambault Vincent , Achim Julie , Ensink Karin
Published: June 2017

Cet article expose les réflexions d’un groupe de travail composé de cliniciens et de cliniciens-chercheurs concernant la pertinence de la prise en compte de la capacité de mentalisation des enfants consultant en pédopsychiatrie et des lacunes qu’ils présentent à cet égard dans le cadre des évaluations et des interventions réalisées auprès d’eux. La notion de mentalisation, son développement normal et pathologique ainsi que les indices cliniques témoignant d’un fonctionnement psychique prémentalisant sont d’abord présentés. Des stratégies d’intervention visant à développer la capacité de mentalisation de l’enfant sont ensuite abordées. Le rationnel sous-jacent à la pertinence de l’adoption de telles stratégies est présenté.
LE RÔLE DE LA FONCTION RÉFLEXIVE DANS L’INTERVENTION AUPRÈS DE PARENTS EN CONTEXTE DE NÉGLIGENCE ENVERS L’ENFANT
Authors: Lacharité Carl , Lafantaisie Vicky
Published: June 2017

La fonction réflexive (FR) que les parents jouent dans le développement de leur enfant constitue une dimension importante de l’adaptation parentale qui est affectée par une situation de négligence envers l’enfant. La capacité des parents à mentaliser représente l’élément central de cette FR. Une somme considérable de travaux de recherche a montré, au cours des 30 dernières années, les nombreuses limites des modèles d’intervention visant à améliorer les conduites parentales dans les situations de négligence. Toutefois, plusieurs de ces travaux suggèrent aussi que la capacité des parents à mentaliser est probablement le principal élément à prendre en compte dans ces situations. Quelles sont les principales caractéristiques d’une approche d’intervention qui cherche à soutenir la mentalisation et la FR des parents dans les familles qui sont aux prises avec une situation de négligence? Quels enjeux cliniques sont soulevés dans l’application de ce type d’approche auprès des parents dans ces situations? Cet article s’attarde à présenter des éléments de réponse à ces questions. Il conclut sur une mise en perspective des défis que rencontre l’implantation d’une approche visant à soutenir la mentalisation des parents à l’intérieur du dispositif institutionnel en protection de l’enfance.
DE LA MENTALISATION À LA CONFIANCE ÉPISTÉMIQUE : ÉCHAFAUDER LES SYSTÈMES D’UNE COMMUNICATION THÉRAPEUTIQUE
Authors: Debbané Martin , Fonagy Peter , Badoud Deborah
Published: June 2017

Quels mécanismes soutiennent les effets bénéfiques d’une psychothérapie? Les développements conceptuels et empiriques récents des thérapies basées sur la mentalisation dégagent des facteurs spécifiques et communs aux effets thérapeutiques en y intégrant la notion de confiance épistémique essentielle à la généralisation de l’effet bénéfique. Cette forme de confiance engendre l’ouverture à apprendre de notre expérience. Ces développements conceptuels entraînent de profondes modifications quant à la manière d’appréhender les mécanismes sous-jacents à l’amélioration thérapeutique. Dans l’article, nous proposons trois systèmes de communications susceptibles de générer l’effet bénéfique de la psychothérapie. Leur présentation forme le coeur du présent article.
NIVEAUX DE MENTALISATION DE LA SOUFFRANCE EN CLINIQUE : AGONIE, DÉTRESSE ET TRISTESSE ADAPTATIVE
Authors: Lecours Serge
Published: June 2017

L’article identifie trois niveaux de mentalisation de la souffrance : agonie, détresse et tristesse adaptative. L’agonie est l’expérience d’une souffrance non représentée; la détresse est l’expérience d’une souffrance représentée, mais trop « entière » ou concrète pour être gérée subjectivement; la tristesse adaptative est une souffrance représentée et tolérée qui facilite l’élaboration de la perte. L’abord clinique de ces qualités de souffrance est souvent limité à savoir s’il faut amplifier l’expérience de la souffrance ou s’il faut la soulager. L’article propose que la souffrance mal mentalisée doit être transformée afin d’aider les clients à « souffrir mieux ».
Live tracking of moving samples in confocal microscopy for vertically grown roots
Authors: von Wangenheim Daniel , Hauschild Robert , Fendrych Matyáš , Barone Vanessa , Benková Eva , Friml Jiří
Published: June 2017

Roots navigate through soil integrating environmental signals to orient their growth. The Arabidopsis root is a widely used model for developmental, physiological and cell biological studies. Live imaging greatly aids these efforts, but the horizontal sample position and continuous root tip displacement present significant difficulties. Here, we develop a confocal microscope setup for vertical sample mounting and integrated directional illumination. We present TipTracker – a custom software for automatic tracking of diverse moving objects usable on various microscope setups. Combined, this enables observation of root tips growing along the natural gravity vector over prolonged periods of time, as well as the ability to induce rapid gravity or light stimulation. We also track migrating cells in the developing zebrafish embryo, demonstrating the utility of this system in the acquisition of high-resolution data sets of dynamic samples. We provide detailed descriptions of the tools enabling the easy implementation on other microscopes.
İsmail Bozkurt’un “Bir Gün Belki” İsimli Romanında Kıbrıs Türk Folkloruna Dair Tespitler / Findings on the Cypriot Turkish Folklore in the Novel of Ismail Bozkurt Named “Maybe One Day...”
Authors: Yeniasır Mustafa , Gökbulut Burak
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Literature is a social institution because it uses the language which uses the language as means, and also because the literature gets feed from the miscellaneous events happened throughout history. It is possible to see social contents in several poets and authors who throw light to the society. In these works, the artists give place to the traditions, customs and life styles of the society they live in.

İsmail Bozkurt is known specially for the work of art he wrote in the field of novel in Cyprus Turkish Literature; in the novels, he tells the stories about national struggle of Cypriot Turks, he also gives place to social and cultural life of the society, he presents the Cyprus dialect in necessary fields.

In one of the most significant novels of his; “Maybe One Day...’’ which is also translated in Azerbaijani Turkish and in Russian, Ismail Bozkurt tells a story about the existence struggle of Cypriot Turks in 1960’s where is also a love story of two young people. The author provides successful descriptions in this 358-paged novel; both the events presented and the places where these events happen in draw the picture of those days.

Nonetheless, this novel named “Maybe One Day...’’ which is published in 2002, has a feature of being a historical novel with all the components presented regards to Cypriot Turkish Folklore at its time. 

Öz

Edebiyat, hem sosyal bir araç olan dili kullandığı hem de toplumların tarih boyunca yaşamış olduğu çeşitli olaylardan beslendiği için sosyal bir kurumdur. Yaşadığı topluma ışık tutan birçok şair ve yazarda, sosyal içerikli eserler görmek mümkündür. Söz konusu eserlerde sanatçılar, içinde yaşadıkları toplumun geleneklerine, göreneklerine ve yaşam tarzlarına yer vermişlerdir.

Kıbrıs Türk Edebiyatında özellikle roman sahasında yazmış olduğu eserlerle tanınan İsmail Bozkurt, Kıbrıs Türkünün millî mücadelesini anlattığı yapıtlarında içinde bulunduğu toplumun sosyal ve kültürel yaşamına da geniş yer vermiş, gerekli görülen yerlerde de abartıya düşmeden Kıbrıs ağzını başarıyla yansıtmıştır.

İsmail Bozkurt, en önemli romanlarından biri olan ve hem Azerbaycan Türkçesine aktarılan hem de Rusçaya çevrilen “Bir Gün Belki” isimli eserinde iki gencin yaşadığı aşk ekseninde Kıbrıs Türkü’nün 1960’lı yıllarda vermiş olduğu varoluş mücadelesini anlatmıştır. Yazar, 358 sayfalık bu hacimli romanında başarılı tasvirleriyle dikkat çekmiş; gerek ele aldığı olaylarla gerekse bu olayların geçtiği mekânlarla âdeta o yılların resmini çizmiştir. Bununla beraber, 2002 yılında yayınlamış olduğu “Bir Gün Belki” isimli romanında dönemin tarihi özellikleriyle birlikte Kıbrıs Türk Folkloruna dair birçok unsura yer vererek eserine tarihi roman özelliği kazandırmıştır.
Ailelerin Tatil Karar Sürecine Gençlerin Etkileri: Ankara İli Örneği / The Effects of the Youngs on the Family Vacation Decision Process: Ankara Case Study
Authors: Köşk Ülker , Gürbüz Ahmet
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Individuals who are members of a social group exhibit behaviors that may be similar or identical to that of the social group. It can be said that the individuals in a familiy, like in a social group, also have the same or similar thoughts, habits and behaviors. Having similar thoughts, habits and behaviors is the result of the individuals in the group being affected by each other.

 The individuals in the family can be influenced by each other in the decision-making process as well as with the many areas. This influence is multilinear, and we must say that it is possible for each of the family members to be potentially affected individually by all the members of the family. This research examines how families are influenced by their children's thoughts during vacation decision-making. The universe of the research is young people aged 15-24 who reside in Ankara. As in most areas, families can be influenced by their children's thoughts and ideas during holiday decision-making. In this research, according to all these information, it researched in the city of Ankara to examine the effects decision-making process of the families of young people aged 15-24. A total of 1160 surveys were conducted in the research and 15 surveys were not included in the study for various reasons. The results of the questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 program interpreting the data obtained from the remaining 1145 questionnaires.

Öz

Bir sosyal gruba mensup olan bireyler, sosyal grubun davranış biçimi ile benzer ya da aynı sayılabilecek davranışlar sergilerler. Sosyal bir grup olan ailedeki bireylerin de aynı düşüncelere, alışkanlıklara ve davranışlara sahip oldukları söylenebilir. Benzer düşünce, alışkanlık ve davranışlara sahip olmanın temelinde grup içindeki bireylerin birbirlerinden etkilenmelerinin yer aldığı söylenebilir.  

Ailedeki bireyler birçok alanda olduğu gibi karar verme sürecinde de birbirlerinden etkilenebilirler. Bu etkilenme çok yönlü bir etkilenme olup aile bireylerinden herbirinin potansiyel olarak ailenin tüm bireylerinden ayrı ayrı etkilenmesinin mümkün olduğunu söylememiz gerekir. Bu araştırma, tatil karar verme sürecinde ailelerin, çocuklarının düşüncelerinden ne şekilde etkilendiklerini incelemektedir. Çalışmanın evrenini, Ankara’da ikamet eden 15-24 yaş arası gençler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada toplam 1160 anket uygulanmış olup çeşitli nedenlerle 15 anket çalışmaya dâhil edilmemiştir. Geriye kalan 1145 anketten elde edilen verilerin yorumlanması için SPSS 22,0 veri analiz programı kullanılarak anket sonuçları analiz edilmiştir.
Investigation of Strategies to Improve the Quality of International Exhibitions with Smart Technology Approach
Authors: Bagheri Maryam , Nasrabadi Abbasali Tayefi , Poshti Atefeh Dehghan Touran
Published: June 2017

The study seeks to do a pathological process for Tehran exhibition spaces and provide a solution for responsive space design to meet the needs of international exhibition by looking at the phenomenon of smart building. In this study, after examining the problems associated with existing and potential obstacles, it has been tried to design an appropriate space by using smart technology through explaining the available criteria and standards for exhibition space and also reviewing and analyzing successful examples of internal and external contexts and putting together the important indicators in an suitable and at the same time an economic attractive and ideal environment for users and comparison with the current situations and defects, which seems that besides preserving and conserving energy at high-traffic public places, provides a good physical condition for visitors.

Localization and solving defects and possible barriers to hold exhibitions in order to attract more domestic and foreign audiences and promoting areas of mass communication are other objectives of this research. In order to perform the various stages of the thesis, we firstly describe, analyze and understand the current situation and then determine an outlook of ideal conditions and finally employ the result to design the space according to the exhibition space standards based on smart technology. 
The Importance of Painting in Qajar Dynasty Based on the Sociology Point of View
Authors: Pedram Behnam , Hosseini Mahdi , Rahmani Gholam Reza
Published: June 2017

The paintings of Qajar dynasty are the most thriving and important artworks in Qajar dynasty. Studying Qajar painting helps importantly to identify and study the art and culture of Qajar dynasty. Existence of lots of paintings, diversity of designs, color and subject, combining tradition and modernism were factors for selecting this dynasty to investigate. As the painting is the visual history of each era, sociology studying of painting in this dynasty will make one to understand common culture and thinking of people in that society. Amount of influence of western culture especially during Naser al-Din Shah Era has been at the same time with the creation of these paintings and combination of these paintings with our past legacy schools lead us to the thinking and willing of Qajar artists. As Qajar art and different kinds of painting art were the foundation of contemporary Iran’s painting by a research around this Dynasty, the reasons of excellence, lacks and origins of contemporary painting of Iran can be understood. Research methodology at the beginning was based on library studies while there were little reading resources in books, magazines, internet, documentation, presence in places and photography and then studying of what was seen heard and read.
Outcomes After Early Pregnancy Loss Management With Mifepristone Plus Misoprostol vs Misoprostol Alone
Authors: Benson Lyndsey S. , Gunaje Navya , Holt Sarah K. , Gore John L. , Dalton Vanessa K.
Published: October 2024

Importance

Medication management of early pregnancy loss (EPL), or miscarriage, typically involves the administration of misoprostol with or without pretreatment with mifepristone. Combination treatment with mifepristone plus misoprostol is more effective than misoprostol alone but is underutilized in the US.

Objective

To describe differences in clinical outcomes after EPL management with mifepristone plus misoprostol vs misoprostol alone using commercial claims data.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study used national insurance claims data from the IBM MarketScan Research Database. Participants included pregnant people (aged 15-49 years) with private insurance who presented with an initial EPL diagnosis between October 1, 2015, and December 31, 2022.

Exposures

The primary exposure was the medication used to manage EPL (ie, mifepristone plus misoprostol or misoprostol alone). Other exposures of interest included demographic characteristics and location of service.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was subsequent procedural management (eg, uterine aspiration) after EPL diagnosis and medication management. Other outcomes of interest included return visits, hospitalizations, and complications occurring in the subsequent 6 weeks. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used, and a multivariable logistic regression model was created to examine factors associated with subsequent procedural management.

Results

This study included 31 977 patients (mean [SD] age, 32.7 [5.6] years) with claims for EPL who received medication management. Of these patients, 3.0% received mifepristone plus misoprostol and 97.0% received misoprostol alone. Patients who received misoprostol with pretreatment with mifepristone were less likely to have subsequent uterine aspiration (10.5% vs 14.0%; P = .002), and they were also less likely to have subsequent emergency department (ED) visits for EPL (3.5% vs 7.9%; P < .001). In multivariable analysis, use of mifepristone plus misoprostol was associated with decreased odds of subsequent procedural management (adjusted odds ratio, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.57-0.87]).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this study suggest that mifepristone is underutilized for the medication management of EPL, but its use is associated with a lower need for subsequent uterine aspiration and a decrease in the number of subsequent visits to an ED. Increasing access to mifepristone for EPL management may decrease health care utilization and expenditures.
Aerobic Physical Activity and Depression Among Patients With Cancer
Authors: Kulchycki Matthew , Halder Henry Ratul , Askin Nicole , Rabbani Rasheda , Schulte Fiona , Jeyaraman Maya M. , Sung Lillian , Louis Deepak , Lix Lisa , Garland Allan , Mahar Alyson L. , Abou-Setta Ahmed , Oberoi Sapna
Published: October 2024

Importance

Depression is prevalent among patients with cancer, affecting their quality of life and survival. Aerobic physical activity (APA) is an effective strategy for managing depression in the general population, but its effectiveness for reducing depressive symptoms among patients with cancer requires further study.

Objective

To evaluate whether APA decreases depression severity in patients with cancer by synthesizing data from published randomized clinical trials (RCTs).

Data Sources

Six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus) were systematically searched for relevant citations published between January 1, 1980, and July 5, 2023.

Study Selection

This systematic review and meta-analysis included RCTs comparing APA interventions with usual care, waitlist control, or attention control for managing depression in patients with cancer, irrespective of age and cancer type.

Data Extraction and Synthesis

Two reviewers independently conducted screening and data extraction. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, version 2. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline was followed. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Data collection and analyses were performed between June 2022 and March 2024.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was severity of self-reported depression reported within 1 month of the end of intervention (short term). Secondary outcomes were severity of self-reported depression between 1 and 6 months post intervention (medium term) and between 6 and 12 months post intervention (long term).

Results

This meta-analysis included 25 RCTs with a total of 1931 adults with cancer (age range, 18-80 years). Ten RCTs (40%) had low risk of bias. Aerobic physical activity was associated with decreased self-reported depression among adults with cancer across the 25 included trials (n = 1931 participants; SMD, −0.38 [95% CI, −0.59 to −0.18]; P < .001; I2 = 76%). This decrease in depression scores was also significant for the secondary outcomes of long-term depression across 3 trials (n = 299 participants; SMD, −0.32 [95% CI, −0.60 to −0.04]; P = .03; I2 = 31%) but not for medium-term depression across 2 trials (n = 143 participants; SMD, −0.27 [95% CI, −0.60 to 0.06]; P = .10; I2 = 0%).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, APA was associated with modest short-term and long-term reductions of depression among adults with cancer. Future studies should discern the effectiveness of APA in combination with other strategies for managing depression across various populations of patients with cancer.
Distributions of non‐native and native plants are not determined by the same environmental factors
Authors: Steen Bart , Adde Antoine , Schlaepfer Martin A. , Guisan Antoine , Maiorano Luigi
Published: October 2024

Global environmental change will cause shifts in species communities, with non‐native species likely replacing native ones at an unprecedented rate. This will have consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services, in addition to the ecological and economic damage caused by those non‐native species that are invasive. Understanding general patterns driving distributions of native and non‐native species is therefore vital, but no study has compared yet whether environmental variables that correlate with a species' presence differ between the two groups other than at local scale and often with very limited sample size.

In this study, we focus on 141 native and non‐native congeneric plant species pairs at the scale of Switzerland. In the framework of correlative species distribution models, we used newly developed methods for efficient automated selection of a parsimonious number of predictor environmental variables to determine which ones, out of a large candidate set in eight classes, have the strongest explanatory power for both species groups.

Our results indicated that variables influence the two groups in significantly different ways. Climate was by far the strongest determinant of both native and non‐native species distributions, although it had significantly more explanatory power in native species models.

Models for non‐native species were significantly more influenced by anthropogenic factors, land use variables and forest cover. The presence of non‐native species was also associated with habitats with a significantly lower mean naturality value than native species.

These findings provide novel empirical evidence for the different environmental factors driving native and non‐native plants' distributions and guidance for non‐native species management.

Practical implications: species distribution models are an increasingly frequently advised tool for conservation management and our results provide guidelines on which covariates should be specifically considered to assess the habitat suitability of non‐native versus native species. The distributions of the former group of species are particularly important to research, as, in time, they may turn invasive. In addition, areas close to infrastructure should be scanned regularly for incipient colonizations by non‐native species, especially in as yet uninvaded areas, such as high mountains.
Ferroptosis: A New Strategy for the Treatment of Fibrotic Diseases
Authors: Pei Zhuo , Fan Jing , Tang Maolin , Li Yuhong
Published: October 2024

Ferroptosis is a new type of cell death characterized by iron dependence and the excessive accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (lipid ROS) that has gradually become better characterized. There is sufficient evidence indicating that ferroptosis is associated with a variety of human life activities and diseases, such as tumor suppression, ischemic organ injury, and degenerative disorders. Notably, ferroptosis is also involved in the initiation and development of fibrosis in various organs, including liver fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and cardiac fibrosis, which is usually irreversible and refractory. Although a large number of patients with fibrosis urgently need to be treated, the current treatment options are still limited and unsatisfactory. Organ fibrosis involves a series of complex and orderly processes, such as parenchymal cell damage, recruitment of inflammatory cells and activation of fibroblasts, which ultimately leads to the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the formation of fibrosis. An increasing number of studies have confirmed the close association between these pathological processes and ferroptosis. This review summarizes the role and function of ferroptosis in fibrosis and proposes several potential therapeutic strategies and pathways based on ferroptosis.
Integrated Biofilm Dispersion and Virulence Responsiveness for Targeted Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Lungs
Authors: Ivanova Kristina , Ramon Eva , Wnorowska Urszula , Todorova Katerina , Ivanova Aleksandra , Bastos‐Arrieta Julio , Puertas‐Segura Antonio , Deptula Piotr , Damyanova Tsvetozara , Paunova‐Krasteva Tsvetelina , Bucki Robert , Ivanov Ivan , Tzanov Tzanko
Published: October 2024

The self‐organization of microbes into biofilms provides multiple benefits including tolerance to mechanical stress and resistance to immune defences and antibiotics. Coupled to a compromised mucociliary function, these traits have dire consequences in cystic fibrosis patients – persistent infections are the main reason for morbidity and mortality. Thereby, disease progression is associated with universal colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which selects for a slimy phenotype to adapt to the lung microenvironment. Recognizing this, drug‐delivery vehicles that break down the mucoid extracellular matrix made of alginate are designed to enable better penetration and biofilm dispersion. In parallel, a protective layer responds to the proteolytic activity of the pathogen and thus controls drug availability. To realize this architecture, silica nanoparticles are loaded with imipenem, and then coated with elastin and alginate lyase in a layer‐by‐layer fashion using ultrasound. The nanoscale formulations eradicate up to 80% of the total biomass and reduce the bacterial viability in biofilms by 3 logs, considerably outperforming the bulk antibiotic in vitro, whereby the effects are correlated to changes in the viscoelasticity. Furthermore, the stimuli‐responsive nanocarriers are safe and effective in animal models of P. aeruginosa infection, presenting a considerable therapeutic promise in the challenging context of lung diseases.
Enhanced Real‐Time Monitoring of Catalytic Therapy Efficacy with Dual‐Channel MRI and Fluorescent Platform
Authors: Liu Huiyi , Guo Yibo , Lv Jingxia , Xu Juntao , Zhang Qingpeng , Guan Guoqiang , Zhang Cheng , Lu Chang , Gong Qiufang , Liang Chao , Xu Dong , Song Guosheng
Published: October 2024

Catalytic therapies, such as chemodynamic therapy and ferroptosis, harness the tumor microenvironment to enhance the specificity and penetration of treatments, thus improving targeted tumor therapy. Despite these advancements, treatment effectiveness varies due to individual differences, making precise monitoring of drug activity and dosage essential to optimize therapy. Traditional imaging strategies, which monitor metal ion release or reactive oxygen species production, frequently fail to well correlate with therapeutic outcome. Herein, this study have developed an integrated self‐monitoring catalytic therapy platform that combines palladium‐ and manganese‐based nanoparticles (PdMn NPs) with caspase‐3 activated probe (Casp probe). Dual‐channel MRI and fluorescent probe, responsive to both low pH and caspase‐3 activity, significantly enhances the accuracy of real‐time therapeutic evaluations, allowing for early reporting treatment response (in 6 h), earlier than tumor volume reduction (8 days). This approach improves the assessment of therapeutic outcomes and aligns with the shift toward individualized cancer treatment protocols.