bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Control of iron(II)-tris(2,2'-bipyridine) light-induced excited-state trapping via external electromagnetic fields
Authors: Alías-Rodríguez Marc , Huix-Rotllant Miquel
Published: April 2024

Photoinduced spin crossover reactions in iron pyridinic complexes allow the iron's lowto-high spin transition in a sub-picosecond timescale. Employing a recently developed model for [Fe(2,2'-bipyridine)3]2+ photochemical spin-crossover reaction in conjunction with quantum wavepacket dynamics, we explore the possibility of controlling the reaction through external electromagnetic fields, aiming at stabilizing the initial metal-to-ligand charge transfer states. We show that simple Gaussian-shaped electromagnetic fields have a minor effect on the population kinetics. However, introducing vibrationally excited initial wavepacket representations allow to maintain trapped the population into the metal-to-ligand charge transfer states. Using optimal control theory, we propose an electromagnetic field shape that increases the lifetime of metal-to-ligand charge transfer states. These results open the route for controlling the iron photochemistry through the action of external electric fields.
Discovery of molybdenum based nitrogen fixation catalysts with genetic algorithms
Authors: Strandgaard Magnus , Seumer Julius , Jensen Jan Halborg
Published: April 2024

Computational discovery of organometallic catalysts that effectively catalyze nitrogen fixation is a difficult task. The complexity of the chemical reactions involved and the lack of understanding of natures enzyme catalysts raises the need for intricate computational models. In this study, use a dataset of 91 experimentally verified ligands and starting population for a Genetic Algorithm (GA) and use this to discover molybdenum based nitrogen fixation catalyst in trigonal bipyramidal and octahedral configurations. Through evolutionary discovery with a semi-empirical quantum method driven GA and a density functional theory (DFT) based screening process, we find 3 promising catalyst candidates that are shown to effectively catalyze the first protonation step of the Schrock cycle. Synthetic Accessibility (SA) scores are used to guide the GA towards reasonable ligands and the work features a description of the GA framework, including pre-screening of catalyst candidates that involves assignment of metal coordination atoms and catalyst stereoisomers. This research thus not only offers insights into the specific field of molybdenum-based catalysts for nitrogen fixation but also demonstrates the broader applicability and potential of genetic algorithms in the field of catalyst discovery and materials science.
Transpersulfidation or H2S Release? Understanding the Landscape of Persulfide Chemical Biology
Authors: Fosnacht Kaylin , Sharma Jyoti , Champagne Pier Alexandre , Pluth Michael
Published: April 2024

Persulfides (RSSH) are biologically important reactive sulfur species that are endogenously produced, protect key cysteine residues from irreversible oxidation, and are important intermediates during different enzymatic processes. Although persul-fides are stronger nucleophiles than their thiol counterparts, persulfides can also act as electrophiles in their neutral, proto-nated form in specific environments. Moreover, persulfides are electrophilic at both sulfur atoms, and reaction with a thiolate can lead to either H2S release with disulfide formation or alternatively result in transpersulfidation. Despite the broad ac-ceptance of these reaction pathways, the specific properties that control whether persulfides react through the H2S releasing or transpersulfidation pathway remains elusive. Herein, we use a combined computational and experimental approach to directly investigate the reactivity between persulfides and thiols to answer these questions. Using DFT calculations, we demonstrate that increasing steric bulk or electron withdrawal near the persulfide can shunt persulfide reactivity through the transpersulfidation pathway. Building from these insights, we use a persulfide donor and TME-IAM trapping agent to experi-mentally monitor and measure transpersulfidation from a bulky penicillamine-based persulfide to a cysteine-based thiol, which to the best of our knowledge is the first direct observation of transpersulfidation between low molecular weight spe-cies. Taken together, these combined approaches highlight how the properties of persulfides are directly impacted by local environments, which has significant impacts in understanding the complex chemical biology of these reactive species.
Light-assisted carbon dioxide reduction in an automated photoreactor system coupled to carbonylation chemistry
Authors: Schuurmans Jasper , Masson Tom , Zondag Stefan , Pilon Simone , Bragato Nicola , Claros Miguel , den Hartog Tim , Sastre Francesc , van den Ham Jonathan , Buskens Pascal , Fiorani Giulia , Noel Timothy
Published: April 2024

Continuous-flow methodologies offer promising avenues for sustainable processing due to their precise process control, scalability, and efficient heat and mass transfer. The small dimensions of continuous-flow reactors render them highly suitable for light-assisted reactions, as can be encountered in carbon dioxide hydrogenations. In this study, we present a novel reactor system emphasizing reproducibility, modularity, and automation, facilitating streamlined screening of conditions and catalysts for these processes. Through meticulous control over temperature, light intensity, pressure, residence time, and reagent stoichiometry, we conducted hydrogenation of carbon dioxide, yielding selective formation of carbon monoxide and methane using heterogeneous catalysts, including a newly developed ruthenium nanoparticle on titania catalyst. Furthermore, we demonstrated the direct utilization of on-demand generated carbon monoxide in the production of fine chemicals via various carbonylative cross-coupling reactions.
Thermodynamics of Solids Including Anharmonicity Through Quasiparticle Theory
Authors: Blancas Ernesto , Lobato Álvaro , Izquierdo Ruiz Fernando , Márquez Antonio M. , Recio J. Manuel , Nath Pinku , Plata José J. , Otero de la Roza Alberto
Published: April 2024

The quasiharmonic approximation (QHA) in combination with density-functional theory is the main computational method used to calculate thermodynamic properties under arbitrary temperature and pressure conditions. QHA can predict thermodynamic phase diagrams, elastic properties, and thermal conductivities, all of which are important in various fields of knowledge. The main drawback of QHA is that it makes spurious predictions for the volume and other properties in the high temperature limit due to its approximate treatment of anharmonicity. In this work, we propose a simple extension to QHA that fixes this problem. Our approach is based on four ingredients: i) the calculation of the n-th order force constants using randomly displaced configurations and regularized regression, ii) the calculation of temperature-dependent effective harmonic frequencies with self-consistent harmonic approximation (SCHA), iii) Allen's quasiparticle (QP) theory, which allows the calculation of the anharmonic entropy from the effective frequencies, and iv) a simple Debye-like numerical model that enables the calculation of all other thermodynamic properties from the QP entropies. The proposed method is conceptually simple, with a computational complexity similar to QHA, and allows incorporating anharmonic effects to any order. The predictions of the new method coincide with QHA in the low-temperature limit and eliminate the QHA blowout at high temperature, recovering the experimentally observed behavior of all thermodynamic properties tested. The performance of our new method is demonstrated by calculating the thermodynamic properties of geologically relevant minerals MgO and CaO. We expect this new method to be an important tool in geochemistry and materials discovery.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА РЕШЕНИЙ СЕМЕЙСТВА ТРЕХМЕРНЫХ ДИНАМИЧЕСКИХ ДИССИПАТИВНЫХ ПЯТИЭЛЕМЕНТНЫХ СИСТЕМ С ОДНОЙ КВАДРАТИЧНОЙ НЕЛИНЕЙНОСТЬЮ
Authors: Цегельник В. В.
Published: April 2024

Объектом исследования является семейство трехмерных динамических пятиэлементных диссипативных систем с одной квадратичной нелинейностью, произвольным параметром A и параметром e, e2 = 1. В системах указанного семейства параметр A входит как множитель при линейном элементе (системы первого класса), или как отдельный элемент-константа (системы второго класса). Характерной особенностью (с качественной точки зрения) данного семейства является наличие в нем систем, обладающих хаотическим поведением, в частности обладающих странными аттракторами. Целью исследования является определение характера подвижных особых точек решений указанного семейства. Для анализа решений систем рассматриваемого семейства использован тест Пенлеве, а также сведение систем к эквивалентным им уравнениям второго или третьего порядков и сравнение последних с известными нелинейными уравнениями P-типа. Решения систем первого класса не обладают свойством Пенлеве (несмотря на то, что компоненты решений некоторых из них вообще не имеют подвижных особых точек), или не удовлетворяют тесту Пенлеве. Аналогично, решения систем второго класса либо не удовлетворяют тесту Пенлеве, либо не обладают свойством Пенлеве, несмотря на то, что компоненты решений некоторых систем вообще не имеют подвижных особых точек. Наличие систем с хаотическим поведением среди рассматриваемых систем позволяет указать автономные дифференциальные уравнения третьего порядка с хаотическим поведением.
СИСТЕМА ШИРОКОПОЛОСНОЙ СВЯЗИ ДЛЯ СКРЫТНОЙ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ИНФОРМАЦИИ
Authors: Карапетьян Г. Я. , Катаев В. Ф. , Ермолаева Н. В.
Published: April 2024

В данной работе описывается система скрытной широкополосной связи с использованием линий задержки на поверхностных акустических волнах (ЛЗ на ПАВ). Рассчитан согласованный фильтр, состоящий из десяти линий задержки на ПАВ. Линии задержки состоят из однонаправленных приемопередающего и отражательного встречно-штыревых преобразователей (ВШП), имеющих полосу рабочих частот 2 МГц, расстояние между центральными частотами в 4 МГц, и работающих в диапазоне частот 905–941 МГц. На основе этих фильтров разработана система скрытной широкополосной связи, позволяющая получать на выходе сигнал в пять раз превышающий уровень шума. Максимальная задержка сигнала составляет 13 мкс, что в два раза больше задержки между ВШП. Расстояние между ВШП можно варьировать в зависимости от частоты ЛЗ. Задавая задержки в ЛЗ таким образом, чтобы суммарная задержка в ЛЗ с одинаковыми частотами всегда была одной и той же, можно создавать различные согласованные фильтры в одном и том же диапазоне частот.
Women skill development: The path to economic change and sustainability
Authors: Joyson Prenky Cardoza , Padmanabha C. H. , Seema P. V.
Published: April 2024

Women in the past experienced a variety of socioeconomic obstacles that prohibited them from fully participating in the workforce and limited their access to possibilities for development and advancement. Women's Skill development means the process of developing and perfecting the skills, knowledge and expertise of women so that they can be empowered and actively participate in various sectors of society. It aims to close the gender gap by giving women the skills they need to succeed in their personal and professional lives. Women have historically faced many barriers and discrimination that have limited their access to education, employment opportunities and Skill development programs. However, governments, organizations and communities have recognized the importance of gender equality and women's empowerment and have increasingly focused on promoting women's skills development. Scholarly studies on empowering females have gained popularity in the past few decades, and many investigations are being carried out to examine various facets of this issue. Financial independence constitutes an essential facet of women being empowered. The involvement of women in occupations is commonly acknowledged as an essential component in fostering growth in the economy and minimizing inequality. A research investigation conducted in 2004 by Kabeer and Mahmud showed that financial independence for women may manifest in higher incomes, greater nutrition and wellness, and increased authority over home decisions. By empowering women through technology and entrepreneurship, we can pave the way for economic transformation and sustainability. It is essential to work with governments, educational institutions, industry experts and women themselves to design and implement comprehensive programs that address the specific needs and challenges of women in developing their skills. We can create a more inclusive, fairer and more sustainable world by empowering women and enabling them to reach their full potential. In order to achieve sustainable economic change and ensure a brighter future for all, it is important that we continue to prioritize and invest in the development of women's skills.
Pathomorphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the testicle in children with critical ischemia during acute torsion
Authors: Volos L.I. , Gorbatyuk O.M. , Veselyi M.Yu. , Veselyy S.V. , Lavrov D.V.
Published: April 2024

Background. The occurrence of acute torsion of the testicle in children leads to ischemia of the testicle, and in the absence of timely medical assistance - to the loss of the organ. The period from 12 hours to 24 hours from the onset of the disease leaves only a 20% chance of saving the genital gonad. There are still no exact signs of viability of the affected gonad in case of critical ischemia of the testicle due to its torsion. Therefore, the study of the dynamics of changes in morphological structures in the course of acute testicular torsion, morphological and functional disorders resulting from torsion, is of great practical interest, because there is no consensus on the nature and degree of these changes in the affected gonad. Objective: study of the nature and severity of pathomorphological changes and immunohistochemical features of the acute torsion testicle in children within 12.1-24 hours or more from the onset of the disease. Methods. A histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical study of testicular tissue biopsies taken during the operation of detorsion and orchiopexy, and orchidectomy within 12.1–24 hours or more from the onset of clinical symptoms of acute unilateral torsion in 16 patients was conducted. Results. The morphological study of the gonads showed that the duration of acute torsion of 12.1–24 hours or more is characterized by severe pathological changes found in the testicles. After 18 hours of acute ischemia, tubules were visualized in many fields of view in the form of shadows with the impossibility of identifying the structures due to hemorrhagic or ischemic infarcts. Immunohistochemical typing demonstrated the absence of expression of vimentin and calretinin, which indicated the death of sustentocytes (Sertoli cells) and Leydig cells. With a duration of acute torsion of 12.1-18 hours, a histochemical study of glycogen in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and sustentocytes using the PAS-reaction showed that some cells of the spermatogenic epithelium were characterized by irreversible changes preceding necrosis, although giant multinucleated spermatids with relatively preserved glycogen, which meant there was a minimal chance for saving the gonad. Conclusion. Total duration of symptoms and degree of male gonadal torsion are the main prognostic factors for testicular preservation or necrosis in episodes of torsion. The duration of an acute torsion of 12.1-18 hours, according to morphological research, leaves in 42,9% of cases the presence of a minimal chance of saving the genital gonad. After 18 hours from the onset of acute complete testicular torsion in children, the operation of choice is orchidectomy.
Individual variability of human cerebellar arteries and their perfusion territories
Authors: Kalinichenko M.O. , Stepanenko O.Yu.
Published: April 2024

Background. Three paired arteries provide the blood supply of the cerebellum: the superior cerebellar artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery. The origin of these arteries, the extent of their development and their duplication may serve as factors influencing variations in the vascular supply territories. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of individual variability of the human cerebellar arteries and their perfusion territory. Methods. The study was conducted on 100 samples. Each sample included cerebellum and an adjacent brainstem. They were obtained from adult human cadavers (67 male and 33 female) who died of causes unrelated to brain pathology at the age between 20 and 92. To analyze the variability of perfusion territories of the cerebellar arteries, a method involving sectorial division of the superior and inferior surfaces of the cerebellum was proposed. Results and conclusion. In 95 samples, the SCA arose from the basilar artery on both sides as a single vessel. In two samples, it arose as a duplicate trunk from the basilar artery bilaterally. We also found unilateral duplication of the left SCA in three samples. The AICA arose from the lower third of the basilar artery in 69 samples on the right and in 77 on the left; from the middle third in 11 on the right and 11 on the left. It was presented as a common trunk with the PICA in 18 samples on the right and 10 on the left. The AICA was found duplicated in one sample bilaterally. In two samples it was absent on one side. The PICA most often arose from the vertebral artery (82 samples), rarely as a common trunk with AICA. It was duplicated in two samples on the left and absent in four samples on the right and four on the left. In cases of duplication of the PICA, its perfusion territory expands towards the central sectors of the inferior surface of the cerebellum. In the absence of the AICA, the PICA enlarges its perfusion territory, replacing it, and vice versa. Occasionally, the absent or poorly developed PICA is replaced by a PICA from the opposite hemisphere. There were not any cases of simultaneous absence of both AICA and PICA on one side. The probability of the extension of branches of the AICA onto specific sectors of the inferior surface of the cerebellum decreases from anterior to posterior and from the sides towards the center, while for the PICA there is an opposite trend. Additionally, this study describes three variations of the course of the arteries when both AICA and PICA originate as a common trunk from the basilar artery.
Evaluation of factors affecting the freeze-dried process of durian (Durio
zibethinus L.)
Authors: Tran T.H. , Le T.H.T. , Pham N.T.D. , Tran B.L. , Pham D.M.T. , Hoang Q.B.
Published: April 2024

Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) is a famous fruit with high economic values in Vietnam and
is gradually becoming popular worldwide. However, studies have shown that durian flesh
can quickly deteriorate after 3-4 days of storage at room temperature. Besides developing
suitable preservation methods, research on diversifying durian products is a sustainable
solution that should be considered. The objective of this research is to develop a freezedrying process for durian-based products with good organoleptic quality as well as high
nutritional value. Several factors were selected for the present study, including durian
flesh thickness (1, 2 and 3 cm), freezing time (180 mins, 360 mins, 540 mins and 660
mins), and drying time (360 mins, 600 mins and 840 mins). The experiments were carried
out in a one-factor arrangement. Results have shown that all surveyed factors have a
statistically significant influence on moisture, hardness, color difference, and total
polyphenol content (p<0.05). The best drying efficiency was obtained when durian flesh
thickness was 1 cm, freezing time of 540 min and drying time of 600 min. Samples after
drying have moisture 2.87%, hardness 20.76 N/cm2
, total polyphenol content 107.02 mg
GAE/100 g dry material and no fat oxidation (as evidenced by peroxide index). This
research result was considered basic data for the application of freeze-dried durian
products on an industrial scale in the future.
ANALYSIS OF AN INVENTORY MODEL FOR TIME-DEPENDENT LINEAR DEMAND RATE THREE LEVELS OF PRODUCTION WITH SHORTAGE
Authors: Hariom  , Sharma Kailash Chandra , Singh Krapal , Singh Dharamender
Published: April 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the continuous-production inventory problem for a single product at a three-level facing a constant deterioration rate. It is anticipated that the customer will make renewal arrangements in accordance with the established and extensively utilized order-up-to policy, and may place orders from two providers with differing prices and levels of consistency.
 
Theoretical Framework: In this study demand is a linear function of time, and the deterioration rate is persistent. In this model, the shortage is allowed, and partial backlogging. It is expected that the backlog rate is influenced by how long it takes to get the next replenishment. It involves aspects from various areas of scientific knowledge to understand the different perceptions contained in the scientific literature on the phenomenon of Industry 4.0.
 
Method: The algorithms for this model have been developed in Mathematica Software 9.0. We examine the effects of several difficulty criteria on the best options regarding manufacturing time and replenishment at the store using analytical analysis.
 
Results and Discussion: Thus, our model offers a novel management insight that aids in achieving the ideal profit level for a production system or business. In reality, we obtain a promising outcome from the numerical case. To compare various solutions, we also carry out very comprehensive numerical experiments.
 
Research Implications: This research aims to detect the best course of action for reducing overall inventory costs and increasing overall income. We also verified that the total cost and commonly optimal time used to interrupt geometric production systems could be analyzed with a constant production model. This approach is particularly relevant for organizations seeking to improve   operational   efficiency   and   customer   satisfaction   through   better   risk management.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to our understanding of how and with whom to collaborate by highlighting the relationships among inventory management, innovation performance, and logistics performance. The value of the study is the contribution it makes to the literature on the cost analysis issues.  Therefore, the article can be of benefit to the scientific community with an interest in the study of the subject.
Hedge Fund Returns and Total Factor Productivity
Authors: Choi Sujung
Published: April 2024

This study explores whether hedge funds’ investment behavior can predict variations in productivity levels using a structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR) and a vector error correction model (VECM). As informed traders in the stock market with superior skills, hedge funds may quickly capture news shocks regarding future production growth in advance. With quarterly series of TFP provided by John Fernald (2014) and hedge fund index (HFI) returns obtained from the Credit Suisse/Tremont database, I find a contemporaneous correlation coefficient of 0.9791 between two endogenous variables over the sample period from 1Q:1994 to 2Q:2023, indicating a high degree of similarity in their movements. A Granger Causality Test rejects the hypothesis, “ ΔLn(HFI) does not Granger Cause ΔTFP”, suggesting that the information inferred from the hedge fund index are valuable in predicting future economic productivity. Finally, the forecast error variance decompositions using the VECM model indicate that over 65% of the variation in ΔTFP even after 20 quarters can be attributed to a shock to the ΔLn(HFI) .
Enhancing Web Server Security against Layered Cyber Threats in Healthcare
Authors: Rifai Muhammad Fajar , Hendra Syaiful , Ngemba Hajra Rasmita , Azhar Ryfial , Laila Rahmah
Published: April 2024

Information technology plays an important role in improving operational efficiency at Torabelo Hospital. The server system in use today faces security and optimization challenges. This research analyzes the impact and recommends solutions to improve server security and optimization. The findings show that the server system is vulnerable to various types of attacks and performance degradation. This can negatively impact hospital operations and put patients at risk. The recommended solution is to implement Squid as reverse proxy, WAF (Web Application Firewall), and Snort as IDS (Intrusion Detection System). System testing showed that this solution successfully detected and prevented various common attacks. This research provides insights to health IT professionals to improve the security and performance of their server systems and improve healthcare services to patients at Torabelo Hospital.
Supplier Selection Modeling and Analysis in the Metal Casting Industry Using Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Firdantara Zahra Nasywari , Qurtubi Qurtubi , Setiawan Danang
Published: April 2024

This study presents a supplier selection problem of a raw material using an analytical hierarchy process. In the existing process, the delivery of raw materials experienced delays and impacted the production process. Therefore, this paper aims to determine the criteria for supplier selection and provide recommendations for the best vendor to be selected from the last request for quotation document. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), as a multi-criteria approach, was utilized in this research, starting from determining criteria, the weight of criteria, and the final score for each supplier. Through discussions with the company’s expert, procurement department, and users, as well as a review of the previous studies, this research defined three criteria, each consisting of three sub-criteria. The AHP approach was utilized to evaluate and determine the weights for the three criteria, yielding the following results: quality (62%), price (28%), and delivery (10%). The identified criteria, sub-criteria, and respective weights are subsequently utilized in a supplier selection scenario. Three suppliers of mild steel raw materials were evaluated using the weights of the criteria and sub-criteria obtained. Supplier 1 was selected because of having the higher alternative value of 0.602. The use of AHP in supplier selection is often impractical and contains subjectivity. Therefore, further research can be performed by integrating AHP with other methods, such as weighted scoring, to facilitate further the vendor selection process and integration with other methods, such as fuzzy logic, to reduce subjectivity.
Analysis of Improving the Quality of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) Products Against Acid Value (AV) Levels Using the Six Sigma and Kaizen Methods
Authors: Afifi Mohammad Salva , Dahda Said Salim
Published: April 2024

. PT XYZ is a palm oil derivative processing company that produces biodiesel / FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester) products. However, there are several obstacles that still occur during the company's production process which causes the acid value (AV) level of FAME products to not meet specifications and there are 3% defective products. Therefore, this study aims to determine the improvement plan by applying kaizen to the Six Sigma improvement stage and reducing outspec products in the FAME production process. The results of the research conducted using the six sigma method show that the company has a DPMO value of 71,459 and a sigma value of 2.96 which is in the average position of the industry in Indonesia based on the results of data processing. While recommendations for improvement by implementing kaizen include training machine operators, making standard operating procedures (SOPs) for machine inspections on each shift, reducing the amount of strearin added to AV raw materials before pre-treatment, maintenance and machine calibration.  This step are expected to overcome the main problems identified in the study.
Protein Concentrate from Frigate Tuna Head Waste Extract Using Methanol-Acetone Solvent
Authors: Ardiansyah Feri
Published: April 2024

The frigate tuna (Euthynnus affinis) is known for its high protein content in the head, making it suitable for the production of protein concentrate used in animal feed. This research aims to investigate the influence of adding a methanol-acetone mixture solvent, the duration of the extraction process, and the protein content in the resulting concentrate using the Kjeldahl method. The protein concentrate is produced through the maceration extraction method, where 30 grams of the frigate tuna head sample is mixed with a methanol-acetone solvent in various ratios (1:9; 3:7; 5:5; 7:3; 9:1) at a temperature of 50 °C and a stirring speed of 500 rpm, with extraction times ranging from 2 to 6 hours. Subsequently, filtration is performed, and the precipitate is dried using an oven at 100 °C for 30 minutes. The dried sample is then subjected to protein content testing using the Kjeldahl method. Research results indicate that both protein content and extraction yield values increase with the duration of the extraction process, while the water content decreases. The optimal result in maceration extraction is achieved with the methanol-acetone mixture (9:1) treatment and a 6-hour extraction time, yielding a protein content of 89.15 %, water content of 5.57 %, and an extraction yield of 23.86 %.
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Papan Jurang Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Pada Siswa Kelas II SDN Karanganyar Gunung 02
Authors: Ayuningrum Kartika Dian , Mushafanah Qoriati , Kusniati Siti
Published: April 2024

Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis penerapan model Problem Based Learning berbantuan media Papan Jurang untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas II di SDN Karanganyar Gunung 02 dengan subjek penelitian 27 siswa. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 2 siklus yang setiap silus terdiri dari 2 pertemuan. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah Model Problem Based Learning dan Media Papan Jurang. Sedangkan, variable bebas adalah Hasil Belajar Matematika. Tahap penelitian terdiri dari: perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, refleksi. Metode pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan tes setiap siklus. Teknik analisis data yakni teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terbukti hasil tes awal atau prasiklus dari 27, 6 siswa persentase 22% (Tuntas) dan 21 siswa persentase 73% (Tidak Tuntas). Mengalami peningkatan pada hasil tes siklus I memperoleh 12 siswa persentase 44,4% (Tuntas) dan 15 siswa persentase 55,6% (Tidak Tuntas. Sedangkan, pada siklus II  dilakukan refleksi sehingga mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I dengan capaian ketuntasan 22 siswa persentase 81,5% (Tuntas) dan 5 siswa persentase 18,5% (Tidak Tuntas). Dengan itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning berbantuan media Papan Jurang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Matematika khususnya pada aspek pengetahuan di kelas II SDN Karanganyar Gunung 02”
PENERAPAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPAS PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V B SDN BUGANGAN 03 SEMARANG
Authors: Syaifudin Mohamad , Kusumaningsih Widya , Rahmawati Adiani
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui penerapan media Artificial Intelligence (AI) pada pembelajaran IPAS kelas V B SDN Bugangan 03 Semarang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) menggunakan model Kurt Lewin dengan 4 tahapan yaitu; perencanaan; tindakan; observasi dan refelksi. Adapun subjek penelitian ini berupa siswa kelas V B sebanyak 27 peserta didik yang terdiri atas 12 laki-laki dan 15 perempuan. Adapun teknik pengumpalan data menggunakan teknik tes dan non tes. Teknik tes berupa tes tertulis yang dilaksanakan pada tiap awal dan akhir siklus pembelajaran. Sedangkan, teknik non tes berupa teknik observasi, wawancara, serta dokumentasi selama penelitian berlangsung. Analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan penilaian skor N-Gain dan dideskpsikan dalam bentuk deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil siklus I diperoleh 74 % siswa dinyatakan tuntas dalam pemberian tindakan media Artificial Intelligence (AI). Pada siklus II diperoleh 74% siswa dinyatakan tuntas. Sedangkan pada siklus III diperoleh 96% siswa dinyatakan tuntas. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penerapan media Artificial Intelligence (AI) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas V B pada mata pelajaran IPAS.
Azərbaycanlilarda inteqrin və fibrinogen genlərinin genetik polimorfizmlərinin daşinmasi ilə arterial hipertenziyanin kliniki aspektlərinin əlaqəsi
Authors: Nəzirova V.B.
Published: April 2024

Hipertenziya insan genomunun mutasiyaları ilə əlaqəli ən sosial əhəmiyyətli patologiyalardan biridir. Bu xəstəlik ilə əlaqəli genlərin identifikasiyası hipertenziv fenotiplərin təsnifat mexanizmini təmin edecək və ürəyin işemik xəstəliyi, miokard infarktı və insult kimi ağırlaşmaların riski altında olan ayrı-ayrı xəstələr və ailələr üçün diaqnostik meyarlar yaratmağa imkan verəcək. Kardiogenetika sahəsində irəliləyişlər kardiometabolik pozğunluqların inkişafına cavabdeh olan gen-namizədləri müəyyən etmeye imkan verir.
Din Kültürü ve Ahlak Bilgisi Derslerinde Farklı İnanç ve Dinlerin Öğretimine İlişkin Kazanımların Öğrenci İlgi ve İhtiyaçlarına İlişkin Düşünceleri ile Uygunluğunun İncelenmesi: Karma Bir Araştırma
Authors: Arı Hatice , Akyürek Süleyman
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı 2018 yılında hazırlanan DKAB Dersi Öğretim Programı, on birinci sınıf ‘İnançla İlgili Meseleler, Yahudilik ve Hıristiyanlık’ üniteleri kazanımlarının, on birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin ilgi, ihtiyaç ve beklentileri ile uyumunu ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu çalışma nitel ve nicel verilerin kullanıldığı karma bir araştırmadır. Araştırmaya katılım gönüllülük esasına dayalı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Buna göre Kayseri il merkezinde bulunan Sümer Fen Lisesi’nde, Sema Yazar Anadolu Lisesi’nde, Kocasinan Ahmet Eren Anadolu Lisesi’nde, Kocasinan 75.Yıl Cumhuriyet Anadolu Lisesi’nde, Melikgazi Necdet Taş Anadolu Lisesi’nde öğrenim görmekte olan ve mezun olmuş 294 öğrenciden anket formuna cevap alınmıştır ve 13 öğrenciyle de görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, genel başarı durumu daha yüksek olan okullarda kazanımları öğrenmek isteyen öğrenci oranıyla kazanımı derste öğrendiğini düşünen öğrenci oranı arasındaki farkın daha düşük olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. On birinci sınıf DKAB dersinde ‘Yahudilik ve Hıristiyanlık ünitesi’ kazanımlarının öğrenildiğinin düşünülme oranının en düşük olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerden bazıları, ders uygulamalarından, öğretmen anlayış ve tutumlarından kaynaklanan eksikliklerden dolayı kazanımların bir kısmının derste yeteri kadar öğrenilemediğini düşünmektedirler. Öğrenciler ‘Yahudilik ve Hıristiyanlık dinlerini ayrı ayrı değerlendirmemişler, her ikisini de farklı din ve inançların öğretimi kapsamında değerlendirmişlerdir. Öğrencilerden bazılarının da farklı din ve inançların meraklarını karşılayacak derecede öğretilmediğini düşündükleri ortaya çıkmıştır.
Hicrî 4. Asırdan Günümüze İbâzî Hadis Edebiyatı
Authors: Karaaslan Adem , Yılmaz Hayati
Published: April 2024

Bu makalede İslamî ilimlerde çok bilinmeyen bir alan olarak hicrî 1. asırda Hâricîliğin bir kolu olarak Basra’da ortaya çıkan İbâzîyye mezhebi alimlerince hadis sahasında ortaya konulan çalışmalar değerlendirilmiştir. Herhangi bir bölgesel kısıtlamaya gidilmeksizin İbâzîler tarafından hicrî 4. asırdan günümüze kadar telif edilen hadis eserleri konu edilmiştir. Hadis eserlerinin tespitinde gerek İbâzî eserlerin pdf’lerinin yer aldığı internet siteleri gerekse İbâzî edebiyatına dair yazılan genel çalışmalar taranmış ve hadis eserleri tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu araştırmalar neticesinde az sayıda esere ulaşılmıştır. Daha fazla esere ulaşabilmek adına Uman’a ilmî bir seyahat gerçekleştirilmiş ve başkent Maskat’da bulunan ve şer‘î ilimlere dair en büyük kütüphaneyi bünyesinde bulunduran İslâmî İlimler Fakültesinde üç ay süreyle araştırmalar yapılmıştır. İbâzî hadis literatürünü topluca görmek amacıyla çalışmada bilimsel kitap çalışmaları ile akademik tezler tanıtılmaya çalışılmış bunların dışında kalan makale, tebliğ, bitirme ödevi ve ders kitabı türünden çalışmalara yer verilmemiştir. Değerlendirilen eserler hakkında detaylı bilgiler vermekten çok genel muhtevayı yansıtmakla yetinilmiş bazı eserlerde de sadece künye bilgileri verilmiştir. Böylece bu alanda yeni çalışmalar yapılmasına zemin oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışmayla önceki dönemlerde oldukça az olan İbâzî hadis eserlerinin sayısında son dönemle birlikte önemli bir artışın yaşandığı görülmüştür. Bu artışa son dönemin önde gelen iki önemli İbâzî âlimi Nureddin es-Sâlimî ve Ettafeyyiş’nin çalışmaları öncülük etmiş, akademik çalışmalar ise hız kazandırmıştır.
Anlardan Gelecek Allah’tan Gelsin: Sultan III. Selim Döneminde Nefy Edilen İlmiye Mensupları
Authors: Erdoğan Serkan , Kalkan Mehmet Talha
Published: April 2024

1789 yılında Osmanlı tahtına çıkan Sultan III. Selim, oldukça sıkıntılı bir durum içerisinde bulunan devletin eski gücüne kavuşabilmesi adına çalışmalara başlamış ve esasında askeri, mali, idari ve iktisadi alanları kapsayan "Nizam-ı Cedid" adlı bir reform sürecinin temellerini atmıştır. Osmanlı tarihinin en ağır anlaşmalarından biri olan "Küçük Kaynarca"dan sonra tahta çıkan Sultan III. Selim, ordunun ve devletin ağır yenilgiler neticesinde büyük bir erozyona uğrayan namının ve prestijinin yeniden artmasına ihtimam göstermiştir. Hatta Sultan III. Selim’in ordunun başında sefere çıkarak askerlerin maneviyatının yükseltilmesi ve katılımın tam randımanlı sağlanabilmesi noktasında ilerleme kaydetmek istemesi de bu politikanın bir sonucu olarak görülmüştür. Çeşitli nedenlerden ötürü ordunun başında sefere çıkmaktan vazgeçen Sultan III. Selim, mezkûr noktalarda ilerleme sağlayabilmek adına ulemanın orduya yardımcı olmasını istemiş ve onların da askerlerle beraber cepheye gidebilmelerini arzu etmiştir. Ne var ki, ulemanın bu konuda sultana karşı gelmesi ve orduyla beraber sefere gitme fikrine ayak diremesi, III. Selim’in bu askerlere yönelik tutumlarının değişmesine ve ulemada ve hatta geniş ölçekte ilmiye sınıfında ıslahat fikrinin ivedilikle ortaya çıkmasına etki etmiştir. İşbu çalışma da Sultan III. Selim’in ıslahat yapmak istediği ilmiyenin durumunu ortaya koymayı hedeflemiş olup mevcut sınıfın karışmış olduğu suçlar ve almış oldukları nefy-sürgün- cezaları üzerinden bir değerlendirme yapmayı şiar edinmiştir.
Perfect Equitable Isolate Dominations in Graphs
Authors: Caay Mark , Hernandez Andrew
Published: April 2024

A subset $S \subseteq V(G)$ is said to be a perfect equitable isolate dominating set of a graph $G$ if it is both perfect equitable dominating set of $G$ and isolate dominating set of $G$. The minimum cardinality of a perfect equitable isolate dominating set is called perfect equitable isolate domination number of $G$ and is denoted by $\gamma_{pe0}(G)$. A perfect equitable isolate dominating set $S$ of $G$ is called $\gamma_{pe0}$-set of $G$. In this paper, the authors give characterizations of a perfect equitable isolate dominating set of some graphs and graphs obtained from the join and corona of two graphs. Furthermore, the perfect equitable isolate domination numbers of these graphs is determined, and the graphs with no perfect equitable isolate dominating sets are investigated.
Inverse Domination in X-Trees and Sibling Trees
Authors: Shalini V. , Rajasingh Indra
Published: April 2024

A set $D$ of vertices in a graph $G$ is a dominating set if every vertex not in $D$ is adjacent to at least one vertex in $D$. The minimum cardinality of a dominating set in $G$ is called the domination number and is denoted by $\gamma(G)$. Let $D$ be a minimum dominating set of $G$. If $V-D$ contains a dominating set say $D^{'}$ of $G$, then $D^{'}$ is called an inverse dominating set with respect to $D$.  The inverse domination number $\gamma^{'}(G)$ is the cardinality of a minimum inverse dominating set of $G$. A dominating set $D$ is called a connected dominating set or an independent dominating set of $G$ according as the induced subgraph $\langle D \rangle$ is connected or independent in $G$. The minimum of the cardinalities of the connected dominating sets of $G$ or the independent dominating sets of $G$ is called the connected domination number $\gamma_{c} (G)$ or the independent domination number $\gamma_{i} (G)$ respectively. In this paper, we determine the inverse domination numbers in X-Trees and Sibling Trees. We have also determined the independent domination numbers of both the trees and the connected domination number of Sibling Trees. A result on inverse domination number of some classes of Hypertrees is also included.
Second Order Transmuted Kumaraswamy Distribution and its Related Results
Authors: Tushar Md. Tusharuzzaman , Rashedi Khudhayr A. , Alshammari Tariq S. , Rahman Md. Mahabubur
Published: April 2024

The expansion of the application domains is greatly aided by the generalization of distributions. To achieve this, an extension of the two–parameter Kumaraswamy distribution to a three–parameter second order transmuted Kumaraswamy distribution has been presented in this study utilizing the cubic transmutation map. Along with the order statistics and parameter estimates, a number of statistical characteristics are shown. The performance of the estimated parameters has been demonstrated through simulation study. A few applications additionally serve to demonstrate the suggested distribution’s dominating applicability.
Weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-open Functions and Weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-closed Functions
Authors: Boonpok Chawalit , Khampakdee Jeeranunt
Published: April 2024

This article is concerned with the concepts of weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-open functionsand weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-closed functions. Moreover, some characterizations of weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-open functions and weakly $\theta b(\Lambda,p)$-closed functions are established.
Note on Irreducible Polynomials over $\mathbb{F}_q[X]$
Authors: M. Sibih Alanod
Published: April 2024

In this note, we provide a new criterion of polynomials's irreducibility over $\mathbb{F}_q[X]$, where $\mathbb{F}_q$ is a finite field.
Analyzing the Impact of Control Strategies on VisceralLeishmaniasis: A Mathematical Modeling Perspective
Authors: EL Gumaa Fathelrhman , A. Abdoon Mohamed , Qazza Ahmad , Saadeh Rania , Ali Arishi Mohammed , M. Degoot Abdoelnaser
Published: April 2024

Visceral Leishmaniasis remains a significant public health challenge in eastern Sudan despite extensive control efforts. This study employs MCMC Bayesian inference techniques to fit a mathematical model for studying visceral Leishmaniasis transmission dynamics with interventions. The research focuses on evaluation of control programs to adapt to the dynamic nature of visceralLeishmaniasis transmission. We analyze 22 years of cumulative visceral Leishmaniasis cases from eastern Sudan, an endemic region for visceral Leishmaniasis, and assessed the effectiveness of interventions implemented thus far. The results reveal that visceral Leishmaniasis is prevalent, with reported cases representing less than 20% of community infections. Improved surveillance and diagnostics are necessary for accurately estimating the disease burden. The effectiveness of intervention strategies for vector control for reducing VL transmission in the region is found to be limited. Furthermore, the model predicts visceral Leishmaniasis cases will continue to increase in the near future, underscoring the need adaptable initiatives to reduce the disease burden.
Paradistributive Latticoids
Authors: Bandaru Ravikumar , Ajjarapu Suryavardhani
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the concept of Paradistributive Latticoid (PDL) as a generalization of a distributive lattice is introduced and investigated its properties. A set of equivalent conditions for a PDL to become a distributive lattice are given. The notions of  an ideal and a filter in a PDL are introduced and studied their properties. Subdirect representation of a PDL is obtained.
Normal Paradistributive Latticoids
Authors: Bandaru Ravikumar , Patel Prashant , Rafi Noorbhasha , Shukla Rahul , Ajjarapu Suryavardhani
Published: April 2024

For any filter $\LomP$ of a paradistributive latticoid, $\LomO(\LomP)$ is defined and it is proved that $\LomO(\LomP)$ is a filter if $\LomP$ is prime. It is also proved that each minimal prime filter belonging to $\LomO(\LomP)$ is contained in $\LomP$, and $\LomO(\LomP)$ is the intersection of all the minimal prime filters contained in $\LomP$. The concept of a normal paradistributive latticoid is introduced and characterized in terms of the prime filters and minimal prime filters. We proved that every relatively complemented paradistributive latticoid is normal.
The Stochastic Transportation Problem with Imprecise Data using Lomax Distribution
Authors: Pulloru Bhavana  , Priya D. Kalpana
Published: April 2024

The stochastic transportation problem with imprecise data is a probabilistic chance-constrained programming (CCP) problem in which the objective function is fuzzy and the supply and demand are random. Three models for the STP with ID with mixed-type restrictions that follow the Lomax distribution (LD) are created in this research. Optimizing the transportation cost in FTP under probabilistic mixed constraints is the goal of the research project. To do this, the probabilistic mixed constraints are transformed into deterministic form using the LD, and the cost coefficient of the fuzzy objective function is changed with alpha cut representation. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the suggested models.
THE EFFICACY OF COCOA BEAN EXTRACT MOUTHWASH CONCENTRATION IN REDUCING PLAQUE INDEX IN THE ORAL CAVITY AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS AT SDN KAYEE LEU, INGIN JAYA SUBDISTRICT, ACEH BESAR
Authors: Mardiah Ainun , Nuraskin Cut Aja , Salfiyadi Teuku , Reca Reca , Rahmayani Liana , Usrina Nora , Setya Ningsih Diana
Published: April 2024

Oral and dental diseases have a high prevalence in Indonesia, with 88.8% of the population experiencing dental caries and periodontitis. Dental plaque is a soft deposit that tightly adheres to tooth surfaces and is composed of microorganisms that contribute to the development of dental caries. Preventing caries and controlling plaque can be achieved through the use of mouthwash, which is more effective when herbal mouthwash containing antioxidants and antibacterial agents is used. Cocoa bean extract (Theobroma Cacao L.) contains secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and exhibits antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as strong inhibitory effects against S. mutans bacteria. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of cocoa bean extract mouthwash concentration in reducing the plaque index in the oral cavity. The research methods included laboratory experiments and quasi-experiments with a post-test only control group design. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine laboratory, University of Syiah Kuala, and SDN Kayee Leu, Aceh Besar, involving 30 students. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA in the SPSS program. The results of the study indicate that the phytochemical analysis of cocoa bean extract contains alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of cocoa bean extract mouthwash on the growth of Streptococcus mutans was observed at a concentration of 1%, and no Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was found in this study. The 1% and 2% concentrations of the mouthwash effectively removed plaque compared to the 0% concentration. In conclusion, the use of cocoa bean extract mouthwash is effective in reducing the plaque index. Further research should consider clinical trials to explore its potential as an herbal remedy.