bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shifting toward progressive and balanced interaction: a longitudinal corpus study on children's response to Who-questions in Japanese
Authors: Tatsumi Tomoko , Pine Julian
Published: November 2023

Children's speech becomes longer and more complex as they develop, but the reasons for this have been insufficiently studied. This study examines how changing linguistic choices in children are linked to interactive factors by analyzing Who-question sequences in Japanese child-caregiver conversations. The interactive factors in focus are progressivity and balanced joint activity, which are core aspects of conversational interaction. Our analysis reveals that as children respond to Who-questions, their responses grow in length and multifunctionality. This growth is positively associated with progressivity, namely a quicker completion of the question sequence, and reduced functional load in the interlocutor's contributions, resulting in more balanced joint activity. These findings suggest that children adapt their linguistic choices by observing and aligning them with their interactive goals in conversational sequences.
Teachers’ gender and disciplinary background contribute to early sex differences in mathematics
Authors: Gurgand Lilas , Peyre Hugo , Ramus Franck
Published: November 2023

This study explores the influence of teachers’ characteristics (gender, disciplinary background, educational attainment, age and experience) on gender differences in mathematics achievement, at the earliest stage at which they appear (first grade), based on 3,800 teacher-student dyads. Although we don’t find direct effects of these characteristics, there is an effect of teachers’ disciplinary background that differs between male and female teachers. Students taught by a male teacher show larger sex differences when the teacher has a scientific background than when he hasn’t. This suggests that merely examining the impact of gender or disciplinary background in isolation falls short of capturing the complete influence of teachers' characteristics on students' sex differences in mathematics. These effects are specific to mathematics in 1stgrade, as they were found neither in mathematics in preschool (when sex differences are absent), nor in literacy. This is further interpreted in relation to teachers’ gender stereotypes and practices.
Environmental contributions to cognitive development: The role of cognitive stimulation
Authors: Rakesh Divyangana , McLaughlin Katie A , Sheridan Margaret , Humphreys Kathryn Leigh , Rosen Maya L.
Published: November 2023

Early environmental experiences profoundly shape children's cognitive and neural development. In particular, cognitive stimulation, defined as environmental inputs that engage the senses and provide learning opportunities for children, fosters acquisition of knowledge across various cognitive domains. In humans, cognitive stimulation varies as a function of socioeconomic status that, on average, creates disparities in children's access to enriching experiences that provide the foundation for learning. Low levels of cognitive stimulation in early life restrict learning opportunities, resulting in lasting consequences for neural development and later academic and occupational achievement. This review delves into the role of cognitive stimulation on neural development and related cognitive performance, available tools for measuring cognitive stimulation in various settings, and offers insights into potential future research directions. We also leverage evidence from intervention studies to illustrate the importance of cognitive stimulation for children's outcomes. Investigating the influence of cognitive stimulation on children's brain and behavior development is crucial for developing effective intervention strategies to foster the healthy development of all children and unlocking their full potential.
Modeling language ideologies for the dynamics of languages in contact
Authors: Rosillo-Rodes Pablo , San Miguel Maxi , Sanchez David
Published: November 2023

In multilingual societies, it is common to encounter different language varieties. Various approaches have been proposed to discuss different mechanisms of language shift. However, current models exploring language shift in languages in contact often overlook the influence of language ideologies. Language ideologies play a crucial role in understanding language usage within a cultural community, encompassing shared beliefs, assumptions, and feelings towards specific language forms. These ideologies shed light on the social perceptions of different language varieties expressed as language attitudes. In this study, we introduce an approach that incorporates language ideologies into a model for contact varieties by considering speaker preferences as a parameter. Our findings highlight the significance of preference in language shift, which can even outweigh the influence of language prestige associated, for example, with a standard variety. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of the degree of interaction between individuals holding opposing preferences on the language shift process. Quite expectedly, our results indicate that when communities with different preferences mix, the coexistence of language varieties becomes less likely. However, variations in the degree of interaction between individuals with contrary preferences notably lead to non-trivial transitions from states of coexistence of varieties to the extinction of a given variety, followed by a return to coexistence, ultimately culminating in the dominance of the previously extinct variety. By studying finite-size effects, we observe that the duration of coexistence states increases exponentially with network size. Ultimately, our work constitutes a quantitative approach to the study of language ideologies in sociolinguistics.
The Diary of Sharon Turner 1793-1795
Authors: Turner Sharon , Philp Mark , Clarke Clare
Published: November 2023

The Diary of Sharon Turner 1793-5 is a record - part memoir, part history - written by the lawyer and historian Sharon Turner (1768-1847) covering what he clearly came to see as the turning point in his life and in the life of the country and of Europe more widely. It describes his courtship of Mary Watts, the daughter of William Watts, a landscape painter with strong sympathies with the French Revolution, against the background of increasing turmoil in France and throughout Europe, and with growing concern about the measures taken against English reformers by the British government. The result is a distinctive portrait of life in Britain at the time of the French Revolution presented through the account of a courtship that goes dramatically awry. Edited and introduced by: Mark Philp, Professor of History and Politics, Department of History, University of Warwick and Clare Clarke, History, Warwick, 2014-17. The transcription and editing of the Diary was supported by the University of Warwick’s Undergraduate Research Studentship Scheme in the summers of 2015 and 2016).
Patrones de migración familiar de personas migrantes nacidas en Venezuela, Cuba, Perú y República Dominicana que llegan a Uruguay
Authors: Bengochea Julieta , Fernández Soto Mariana , Grande Rafael , Márquez Clara
Published: November 2023

En los últimos años se ha evidenciado un aumento de la migración intrarregional entre los países de América Latina, y Uruguay ha acompañado esta tendencia. En menos de cinco años la dinámica migratoria de Uruguay tuvo dos grandes transformaciones: un aumento del número de inmigrantes y un cambio en la composición en sus orígenes. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las diferentes formas de migración familiar de las personas provenientes de Cuba, República Dominicana, Perú y Venezuela al momento de la llegada a Uruguay, y los factores relacionados con estas formas. Con base en modelos logísticos multinomiales vemos que la migración individual es llevada a cabo principalmente por los varones, y la migración familiar conjunta y con familia en origen es efectuada, sobre todo, por mujeres que protagonizan el espacio transnacional. A su vez, los jóvenes y los más educados son quienes en mayor proporción migran de forma individual.
EXTRAORDINARY MOTIF IN HAMZA-NAME VOLUMES (EXAMPLE OF VOLUME 53)
Authors: ATEŞ Meryem , ÇİFCİ Selcen
Published: November 2023

The aim of this study is to identify the motifs of phenomenality in Hamza-nāmes. The study is limited to volume 53. Hamza-nâmes, after the martyrdom of Hz. Hamza, were formed by the epicisation of the events describing his heroism among the Arabs. In the following years, the work moved from Arabic literature to Persian literature and moved away from the menâkıbnâme feature with the addition of extraordinary events. It was transferred to Turkish literature through Persian literature and became very popular among Turks. It is thought to have been transcribed during the transition period from the epic period, including the Old Anatolian Turkish period, to folk storytelling. This work, which comes from an oral tradition, is written in a simple and understandable language. While determining the extraordinary motifs in Hamza-nâmed, the criteria of the extraordinary item in Thompson's "Folk Literature Motif Index" were used. Thompson's "Motif Index of Folk Literature" is a comprehensive catalogue of motifs found in folk tales, myths and legends. This index provides a standard system for classifying various motifs and enables researchers to compare and analyse supernatural elements across different stories and cultural contexts. As a result of the study, a large number of supernatural elements were found in Hamza-nāme volume 53. The most striking one is the supernatural people. However, it has an important place for original works. These phenomena in the text are carried from cultural fields such as literature, theatre, museum, etc. to the nation and even to the world and constitute an important source of data.
Folk Story of a Person, Walled-in as a Sacrifice
Authors: Bakuridze Mariam
Published: November 2023

Human sacrifice was an accepted practice for everyone in the world. And as the history progressed, this religious belief gradually became a legend connected to various architectural monuments. Therefore, one can say with certainty that similar conditions have created similar stories.The Georgian Legend is different and distinctive. This legend originates from Georgian soil, in local conditions, but these conditions were similar to the conditions in other countries, which arises visual similarities between the story in the Georgian legends and other nations.
Legal Framework of the United States-Georgia Strategic Relations
Authors: BURKADZE Khatuna
Published: November 2023

The article aims at analyzing legal framework which can define main fields of bilateral relationship between the United States and Georgia.  The paper examines agreements on cooperation in defense sphere, trade and investments, the development of the energy sector, strengthening the rule of law. At the same time the article focuses on the United States-Georgia Charter on Strategic Partnership which represents central framework for bilateral relationship of the United States-Georgia and includes defense and security matters, economic, energy, cultural issues, legal aspects for strengthening further the rule of law, including by increasing judicial independence.
Cultural Values and Georgian Society in Business Communication
Authors: Kutateladze Maia
Published: November 2023

Globalization is a process that promotes international business as it makes world smaller. Successful international business needs communication to establish profitable partnership, but the main thing that can hinder successful communication is culture. Peculiarities of cultural values are the main things that should be foreseen. A lot of researches have been conducted on cultural values but diversity of our world requires more specificity. The article gives some important dimensions of cultural values and analyzes characteristics of Georgian society in comparison with some other cultures.
Oldest Population of Caucasus According to Mythological Data
Authors: SIKHARULIDZE Ketevan
Published: November 2023

According to mythological data ancient population of Caucasus was represented by Giants. Among them are one-eyed Goliaths also. Theymainly appear as shepherds. Goliaths obtained all means for existence and the next generations used them. Later they lost their old dignityand transformed into evil creatures. There are women Goliaths-warriors in the Caucasian folklore and their activity is connected to the heroicweddingmotive.A special group of giants in the Caucasian mythology is made of Devs, which appeared here as a result of cultural-historical contacts with theOriental world. According to beliefs of the East Georgian mountain dwellers, the territory where their resided, used to belong to Devs earlier.Devs used to be involved in various economies: hunting, farming, sheep breeding. As the ancient settlers Devs are distinguished for specialabundance.
Origins of Civil Religion in the United States Comparison with the Political Religion of the USSR
Authors: KURDASHVILI Lasha
Published: November 2023

The idea of Nietzsche (1882) that “God is dead” lies in the foundations of both American Civilreligion and the political religion of the Soviet Union. The idea was perceived differently bytwo different civilizations according to their cultural and ideological backgrounds. The Americanperception imposed God as being something abstract from now on. Under God we canunderstand democracy, unity, freedom or civil rights. The political religion of the Soviet Uniondenied the acceptance of God even as something abstract bringing him a clear opposition inthe face of Communism, where the state worked both as an institute of power and implementedthe symbolism and morality of the religion.In this article the main differences between the approaches to Christian religion in the USAand USSR, together with the conception of civil religion of the U.S. and the political religionof the USSR will be analyzed, and, based on the historical-cultural approach, the major interpretationof the American tolerance and Soviet rejection in the early periods of the formationof both states will be viewed.
Contemporary Approaches to Multiculturalism in Relation with Multilingualism
Authors: Kutateladze Maia
Published: November 2023

Multiculturalism is a study which studies cultural diversities. Each culture aspires to preserveidentity and cooperate in agreement with outer world. Multiculturalism has undergone changesand it even became part of political approaches. Without correct communication the mainpurpose of multiculturalism, respect of diversity, cannot be achieved. Language is a main toolof communication acquisition of which is the respect of background culture as well.
The Dawn of the post-Cold War Era: Russo-American Relations in the 1990s
Authors: MCHEDLISHVILI George
Published: November 2023

Relations between Moscow and Washington underwent significant changes in the finalyears of Soviet Union, and these changes shaped to a considerable extent the ties betweenpost-Soviet Russia and the United States in the wake of the Soviet collapse. Important factorslike Russia’s deep economic crisis and weakened statehood with dangerous implicationsfurther complicated the picture. The article shows that these factors conditioned the kind the“Russia first” approach, whereby significant political support and financial assistance wasextended to the country to save its embattled allegedly pro-Western leadership, while a blindeye was virtually turned to the early manifestations of Russia’s neo-imperial foreign policy.
High Modernism Revisited: Temur Kobakhidze’s T. S. Eliot and The Aesthetics of High Modernism
Authors: KOGUASHVILI Baia
Published: November 2023

Prof. T. Kobakhidze’s recently published book T. S. Eliot and the Aesthetics of HighModernism is written with enviable literary taste and scholarly brilliance. In his comprehensivework, Prof. Kobakhidze places the discussion of T. S. Eliot’s individual worksin a broader context of high modernism. Within the extremely interesting time period,described as “a highly variegated literary background, consisting of a lot of significantand/or meager mini-movements united under the notion of ‘modernism’“ by Prof. Kobakhidzede,he singles out T. Eliot as a major figure of Anglo-American literary modernismand the author giving a lot of headache to literary scholars and critics. Above allthe author of the monograph fascinates us by his profound erudition and original visionof the diverse aspects of T. S. Eliot’s writings in relation to high modernism. Discussingvarious issues from multidisciplinary perspective, he emphasizes neo-mythologism, ‘reversionto myth’/modernistic renaissance of myth or mythic experiment as one of thedominant distinctive features of modernist literature; he also touches upon other importantaspects of high modernism, accentuating its aspirations to reevaluate Europeancultural traditions. The book scrutinizes not only Eliot’s famous masterpieces but hisshorter and less known poems as well. It combines a broad research scope with deepinsights—a rare combination, indeed. It is a great piece of Eliot criticism, a must-readfor any serious Eliot scholar.
Interventional Pain Management Using Dextrose Prolotherapy in Treating a Partial Supraspinatus Tear: A Case Report
Authors: Novy Theresia CT , Gessal Joudy , Suwadi Andrew , Channel Ivan Christian , Fonda Grace
Published: November 2023

Shoulder pain is a medical condition that may affect the well-being and compromise the quality of life of an individual, especially in the elderly. A supraspinatus tear is the most common cause of shoulder pain. Several treatments are available for this problem, such as surgical and conservative treatment. The surgical approach is found to be more efficacious but has a high rate of recurrence. Prolotherapy is one of the novel pain treatment modalities that could provide significant pain relief in musculoskeletal diseases. In this case report, we report a 53-year-old woman, who came to the outpatient clinic complaining of pain in her right shoulder for three months. The pain had been getting worse in the previous seven days, felt continuously throughout the day, and exacerbated when she raised her arm. The physical examination revealed a limited range of motion of active abduction and flexion with a positive drop arm test of the right shoulder. An ultrasound revealed a tear-drop appearance. The patient was treated with interventional pain management using dextrose prolotherapy. After undergoing prolotherapy treatment for three sessions over two months, the patient was declared completely healed from the supraspinatus tear. In conclusion, prolotherapy coupled with an ultrasound-guided procedure appears to be beneficial in alleviating pain and completely healing supraspinatus tears.
Вплив кріоглобулінемічного синдрому та інсулінорезистентності на прогресування цирозу печінки у хворих на хронічний гепатит С
Authors: Kondratiuk L. O. , Bezrodna O. V. , Kuliesh O. V.
Published: November 2023

Наведено дані про вивчення частоти виявлення кріоглобулінемічного синдрому (КГС) та інсулінорезистентності (ІР) у хворих на HCV-асоційований цироз печінки (ЦП) залежно від його класу. Проведена оцінка клініко-лабораторних особливостей перебігу захворювання у даних хворих. Обстежено 72 хворих на ХГС, розділених на три групи залежно від ЦП і ступеня його компенсації. До І групи увійшло 32 хворих на ХГС без ЦП; до ІІ – 19 хворих на компенсований HCV-асоційований ЦП; до ІІІ – 21 хворий з декомпенсованим ЦП. Виявлено, що на термінальних стадіях ЦП (клас В-С за Чайлд-П’ю) КГС і ІР зустрічаються значно частіше і характеризуються більш вираженою клінічною картиною, що може бути зумовлено не тільки впливом вірусу гепатиту С (ВГС), але й прогресуванням ЦП.
Система відновного лікування хворих з наслідками ускладненої травми хребта та трофічними порушеннями в умовах спеціалізованого неврологічного центру
Authors: Haschuk A. V. , Burianov O. A. , Nenko A. M. , Laksha A. M.
Published: November 2023

Проведено аналіз результатів лікування 132 хворих з наслідками ускладненої травми хребта та трофічними порушеннями, яким в умовах спеціалізованого бальнеологічного санаторію застосовано систему комплексного відновного лікування, що включала патогенетично обґрунтовану комплексну підготовку, хірургічне та відновне лікування. На основі аналізу і систематизації отриманих результатів розроблено діагностично-лікувальний алгоритм та алгоритм планування хірургічної тактики.
Особливості психотерапевтичного супроводу хворих з травматичною енцефалопатією
Authors: Matyash M. M. , Khudenko L. I.
Published: November 2023

У результаті проведення психологічного дослідження і комплексного лікування з включенням методів психотерапії 127 хворих з травматичною енцефалопатією відмічено позитивну динаміку показників психологічного статусу, виявлено три основні групи синдромів (астенічний, іпохондричний, істеричний) та зроблено висновок про найбільш ефективні методи психотерапії.
Особливості психосексуального розвитку подружніх пар у разі епілепсії у чоловіка в аспекті формування у них сексуальної дисгармонії
Authors: Shynder V. V.
Published: November 2023

у чоловіка. Визначена роль психосексуального розвитку в формуванні сексуальних порушень та подружній дезадаптації при епілептичній хворобі у чоловіка.
Hipertansif Hastalarda Tedavi Edici Yaşam Tarzı Değişikliğine Uyumun Değerlendirilmesi: Aile Sağlığı Merkezi Örneklemi
Authors: ŞANLI Tuna , ŞENGÜL Erkan , ALVUR Tuncay Müge , ÇİFTLİK Semra Selime
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı hipertansiyon hastalarında tedaviye uyum ve yaşam tarzı değişikliği başarı durumunu ölçmek ve bu durumun kan basıncı kontrolü üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir.

Yöntem: Çalışma, 300 hipertansiyon hastası ile yapıldı. Hastaların boy, kilo, kan basıncı ve bel çevresi ölçümleri, biyokimya ve hemogram sonuçları kaydedildi. Hastalara; tıbbi bilgileri, sosyodemografik özellikleri, yaşam tarzı alışkanlıklarını içeren anket soruları soruldu. Hipertansif Bireylerin Tedaviye Uyum ve Yaşam Değişikliği Başarısını Değerlendirme Ölçeği uygulandı.

Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 62,41±10,49 yıl idi. Ortanca hipertansiyon süresi 10 yıl saptandı. Katılımcıların %36,7’si üç veya daha fazla antihipertansif ilaç kullanmaktaydı. Katılımcıların %44,7’sinde sistolik kan basıncı ≥140 mmHg, %33’ünde diyastolik kan basıncı ≥90 mmHg olarak ölçüldü. Hastaların %52’si tedaviye rağmen hipertansif olarak bulundu. Vücut kitle indeksine göre hastaların %59,7’si obezdi. Vücut kitle indeksi, kadınlarda 34,14±6,84 kg/m² iken, erkeklerde 30,20±4,76kg/m² idi (p=0,001). Sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı yüksek olanlarda vücut kitle indeksi ve bel çevreleri, kan basıncı normal olanlara göre daha yüksekti (p=0,001 ve p=0,001). Hipertansif Bireylerin Tedaviye Uyum ve Yaşam Değişikliği Başarısını Değerlendirme Ölçeğine göre hastaların %81’i uyumluydu. Uyumsuz hastaların %66,7’si, uyumlu hastaların %48,6’sı hipertansifti (p=0,014). Haftada en az 3 gün egzersiz yapan hastalar daha uyumlu bulundu (p=0,007). Uyumlu hasta grubunun obezite oranları daha düşüktü (p=0,047).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda uyum oranı yüksek olarak değerlendirilen hasta grubunun obezite oranı daha düşük saptandı. Aynı grubun kan basıncı kontrollerinin daha iyi olduğu değerlendirildi. Hipertansiyon tedavisinde başarıya ulaşılabilmesi için, hastaların tedaviye uyum ve yaşam tarzı değişikliği konularında eğitilmesi gerekir.
Theme with Variations as Mathematical Representation of Fuzzy Sets
Authors: Coroiu Petruta-Maria
Published: November 2023

Artistic representations follow, at a closer look, formal and structural archetypes, which often have a physical and mathematical basis, even if the inspiration frequently transcends the scientific dimension of the construction of the musical discourse. Aware or not, the composers personify in their art archetypal structures which are general and embody the ideals of their expression in one way or another. The organization of musical forms constitutes no exception from this phenomenon which has never been investigated in Romanian musicology: the compatibility between physical and mathematical concepts and significant musical realities. Among the great musical genres and forms, the theme and variations are the closest to one of the elements present in the mathematics of the 20th century: the logic of fuzzy sets (or systems).
The effects of probiotics in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized controlled double blind clinical trial
Authors: Tamizifar Babak , Feizi Awat , Rahim khorasani Marzieh , Kassaian Nazila , Zamanimoghadam Ali , Arbabnia Shayan , Adibi Sede Peyman
Published: November 2023

Background: In the recent decade, ulcerative colitis (UC) as a chronic inflammatory bowel disease has a growing incidence and prevalence in the world.Probiotics might be a promising approach to improve ulcerative colitis by favorably modifying the gut microbiota.  Methods: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted on sixty patients with mild/moderate ulcerative colitis. Participants were administered either placebo (n = 30) or a multi-strain probiotic (n= 30) for 16 weeks. Clinical disease status, via Lichtiger and Mayo questionnaires, was assessed at baseline and after 8 and 16 weeks of intervention. Fecal calprotectin was measured before and after the study period. Within and between groups, comparisons were made using per-protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) approaches, and a P-value≤0.05 was considered a statistically significant level. Results: Of the sixty patients who agreed to participate in the study, 18 dropped out during the study due to low compliance and gastrointestinal complications. The two groups were comparable in baseline variables (P>0.05). During the study, the within and between groups’ diﬀerences of calprotectin and Mayo scores were not statistically significant. Although the mean score of Lichtiger was significantly decreased in the probiotic group during the study period (P = 0.001), no statistically significant differences compared with the placebo group were seen.Conclusion: Our study elucidated that probiotic supplementation does not significantly improve UC patients, which may be due to the strain and dose administered. Future research should focus on the best effective strains and doses for ulcerative colitis.Keywords:probiotic, ulcerative colitis, IBD, clinical trial
Characterization of glucose Oxidase from Penicillium chrysogenum MDC 8358: Prospects for application in food industry
Authors: Paloyan Ani M. , Dukova Karine G. , Hambardzumyan Artur A.
Published: November 2023

Backgrounds: Food enzymes play a crucial role in enhancing specific food attributes, such as improving texture, eliminating toxins and allergens, producing carbohydrates, and enhancing flavor and appearance characteristics. Glucose oxidase (GOX) catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to produce gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide, making it applicable in various practical scenarios. This enzyme could be utilized to eliminate glucose, thereby facilitating the creation of functional food suitable for individuals with diabetes and glucose intolerance.Our main goal was to characterize GOX from a Penicillium chrysogenum strain isolated from Armenian ecosystems.Methods:GOX of P. chrysogenum MDC 8358 was obtained by surface fermentation using glucose as a carbon source.  The enzyme was purified 230-fold to homogeneity using a three-step purification scheme consisting of ion exchange, adsorption, and gel filtration chromatography.  Results:The specific activity of the purified enzyme reached 271.2 U/mg. GOX from P. chrysogenum MDC 8358 has shown to be dimeric with a molecular weight of 135.5 kDa, consisting of two equal subunits with a molecular weight of 70 kDa. Isoelectric focusing has revealed a pH of 4.6. The enzyme has displayed a temperature optimum of 40 °C, and a pH optimum of 6.8, being more thermostable at acidic pH. Characterized GOX was highly specific for β-D-glucose and has shown only minor activities to mannose, xylose, and galactose. Keywords:Penicillium chrysogenum MDC 8358, surface fermentation, glucose oxidase, purification, characterization, functional food preservation
Von der Entfremdung zur Verfremdung. Das epische Theater zwischen Kunst und Marxscher Sozialtheorie
Authors: Lamberth Annabell , Dingeldey Philip
Published: November 2023

Mit dem epischen Theater schuf Bertolt Brecht Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts eine neue, experimentelle Form des Theaters, die darauf abzielt, die Zuschauer*innen zum distanzierten Nachdenken und Hinterfragen der Gesellschaft anzuregen, also nicht nur Soziales in Kunstform zu behandeln, sondern die Gesellschaft selbst in den Reflexionsprozess zu integrieren. Um dies zu erreichen, setzte er Techniken zur Desillusionierung und Verfremdung ein. Bei Brechts Stücken handelt es sich um Kunstformen, die sozial intervenieren und daher nicht nur der literatur- und theaterwissenschaftlichen, sondern auch der sozialwissenschaftlichen Betrachtung bedürfen. Hierzu liest der vorliegende Aufsatz den Künstler Brecht als Sozialtheoretiker und untersucht, inwiefern die Entfremdungsproblematik bei Marx und die Verfremdung bei Brecht in Verbindung stehen und inwieweit die Verfremdungseffekte die Entfremdungsproblematik zu lösen versuchen. Methodisch wird theorievergleichend und analytisch vorgegangen – was die Beziehung von Marx‘ Entfremdungstheorie und Brechts epischen Theater betrifft. Beispielhaft wird das Verhältnis von Ent- und Verfremdung anhand des Stücks Der gute Mensch von Sezuan beleuchtet.
Kunst – Provokation – Politik. Der Auftritt von Zugezogen Maskulin bei der 30-jährigen Jubiläumsfeier des Mauerfalls am Brandenburger Tor
Authors: Tretter Max
Published: November 2023

Dieser Beitrag erforscht das Wechselspiel von Kunst und Politik am Beispiel des Auftrittes von Zugezogen Maskulin bei der Bühnenshow zur Feier des 30-jährigen Mauerfalljubiläums am Brandenburger Tor am 09. November 2019. Die Performance des Rapduos zeichnet sich insbesondere durch ihre Provokativität aus – dadurch, dass die beiden Rapper alternative Verfallsdeutung der deutschen Nachwiedervereinigungsgeschichte entwerfen und kritisch betonen, wie schnell die Ideale, die Deutschland seit den 1989ern prägen sollen, gegenwärtig in Exzessphantasien und Kriegseuphorie umschlagen können. Vor dem Hintergrund eines agonistischen Politikverständnisses wird eine Wahrnehmungsweise erarbeitet, die es ermöglicht, die in diesen künstlerischen Provokationen steckenden politischen Potentiale zu erkennen. Die Plausibilität und Grenzen dieser Wahrnehmungsweise werden anschließend diskutiert und weiterführende Impulse für das Erforschen des Kunst-Politik-Feldes gewonnen.
Young and Prone to Populist Ideas? –Facets and Correlates of Populist Attitudes in Middle Adolescence
Authors: Körner Astrid , Eckstein Katharina , Noack Peter
Published: November 2023

Although susceptibility to populist sentiments among adolescents is viewed with concern, research focusing on the nature of populism in youth is still rare. This two-wave study (approx. 10 month) among 9th grade German adolescents (T1: N = 1,205; Mage = 14.4, SDage = 0.6; 52.1% female) examined populist attitudes as a multi-dimensional construct covering the facets of popular sovereignty, anti-elitism, and homogeneity of people. Adopting an inventory originally developed for adult samples, analyses supported the concept’s multi-dimensionality among adolescents. Cross-lagged panel models (CLPM) showed that these dimensions were linked to sociodemographic correlates (i.e., gender, region, school track, and migration background). Additional CLPM analyses examined reciprocal associations with conceptually related political attitudes (i.e., political trust, satisfaction with democracy, intolerance). The results suggested that anti-elitism, in particular, undermines political trust and satisfaction with democracy and give rise to intolerant attitudes. The methodological implications of measuring populism as multifaceted construct among youth are discussed.
How to Reduce Online Hate Speech Among Adolescents? A Pilot Study on the Effects of a Teaching Unit on Social Norms, Self-efficacy and Knowledge About Hate Speech
Authors: Pfetsch Jan S. , Ulucinar Duygu
Published: November 2023

A quasi-experimental study with ninth graders evaluated a 1.5-hour hate speech teaching unit in an intervention vs. control group (N = 82) before (T1) and after the intervention (T2). Participants reported frequency of witnessing hate speech (T1), hate speech norm and self-efficacy countering hate speech (T1 and T2), and knowledge concerning hate speech (T2). Repeated ANOVAs showed a significant three-way interaction for hate speech norm: Especially among those who witnessed hate speech more often, the program diminished the agreement to hate speech norm. Self-efficacy did not change significantly, but knowledge was slightly higher in the intervention group, particularly among students with a migration background. In sum, the intervention showed effects on norms and knowledge, and longer programs with more interactive elements for coping with hate speech seem recommendable. The current research is a first step and evidence-based practice for prevention of hate speech like the current evaluation study is desperately needed.
Innovation Of Online Zakat Institutions: Opportunities And Challenges In The Era Of Smart Society 5.0
Authors: Hayati Riska Fauziah , Arnes Okto Viandra , Kirin Arwansyah Bin
Published: November 2023

This article departs from the phenomenon of smart society 5.0, which affects various fields of life, including the people's economy, especially in the field of zakat management. This article wants to see the innovations of online zakat institutions in Indonesia and the opportunities and challenges in the era of smart science 5.0. The online zakat institutions studied in this article are Dompet Dhuafa, Lazismu and Rumah Zakat. This study used a qualitative approach with content analysis. This article finds that online zakat institutions have great opportunities in the era of smart society 5.0. These include Indonesia as one of the countries that supports the achievement of sustainable development. These institutions continue to grow and innovate by utilizing technology and paying attention to the community's welfare. Huge potential for Zakat in Indonesia; Community interest is increasing, Effective and efficient online Zakat, and The development of technology and science. However, in addition, some challenges must be answered by online zakat institutions in the 5.0 era, including Strengthening knowledge/literacy related to online Zakat Muzakki consciousness, Maintaining trust by increasing institutional accountability and transparency in collecting zakat funds, Online zakat management supervision; Socialization of e-zakat; Must continue to innovate; Strengthening of resources; and Strengthening regulations.
Examining the Impact of Green Finance on Carbon Emissions in India through Energy Consumption Optimization
Authors: S Payal , Chun Chin , Pant Kumar
Published: November 2023

This research delves into the impact of green finance on carbon emissions in India, emphasizing the optimization of energy consumption. The study initiates by exploring the theoretical framework to comprehend how green finance influences carbon emissions, examining the role of energy consumption in this context. To empirically assess this influence, the paper utilizes the STIRPAT model, a chain multiple mediation effect model, and a panel threshold model, utilizing provincial data from India covering the period 2017 to 2022. The findings consistently demonstrate a significant reduction in carbon emissions attributable to green finance, a conclusion upheld even after considering potential endogeneity. Analysis of regional differences highlights a particularly pronounced inhibitory effect in northern, high-carbon emission, and energy-rich regions. Bootstrap tests at the national level reveal three distinct pathways through which green finance curtails carbon emissions: through green technological innovation, the ecological evolution of the industrial structure, and the synergy between green technological innovation and the ecological evolution of the industrial structure. Notably, in energy-rich regions, green finance significantly mitigates carbon emissions through all three pathways, whereas in energy-poor regions, its impact is predominantly linked to green technological innovation.
Teaching Method Preference by College Teachers in India
Authors: Swargiary Khritish
Published: November 2023

This research article investigates the teaching method preferences of college teachers in India. The study aims to understand the pedagogical approaches favored by educators and explores the factors influencing their choices. Data was collected from a diverse sample of college instructors across different disciplines and institutions in India. The findings reveal a nuanced landscape of teaching methods, highlighting the impact of cultural, institutional, and personal factors on educators’ preferences. The study underscores the need for adaptive and student-centered teaching strategies to cater to the diverse needs of the Indian higher education system.
Randomized Experimental Test of a Reduced-Exposure Message for an E-cigarette: Comprehension and Related Misperceptions
Authors: McCaffrey Stacey , Shiffman Saul , Sembower Mark , Black Ryan
Published: November 2023

Switching from cigarette smoking to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) reduces exposure to toxic substances. Yet, many smokers believe ENDS are at least as harmful as smoking, making them less likely to switch from cigarettes to ENDS. Effectively communicating reduced-exposure information is critical, but such messages must be properly understood. This online study evaluated comprehension of a factual message indicating that smokers who switch completely away from smoking to JUUL-brand ENDS can reduce their exposure to harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke. Participants were 12,557 adults 18+ (smokers, dual users, former and never users of tobacco) randomized to see the reduced-exposure message or to a Control condition. After exposure to the message, the majority of smokers (89%) understood the need to switch completely from cigarettes to JUUL to achieve reduced exposure. Most smokers and non-users (>75%) did not misperceive JUUL as completely eliminating exposure to harmful chemicals, and >85% understood that using JUUL has risk. Exposure to the message improved understanding of the intended audience for JUUL. Individuals with limited health literacy showed modestly lower comprehension, regardless of condition. Ensuring adequate comprehension of messages about reduced exposure from ENDS is important to ensuring that such messaging can benefit public health.
The Thirst for Islamic Knowledge in the Digital Era
Authors: Esra Ahmed Abdulhalim Mustafa
Published: November 2023

In this research, I attempt to investigate the new media as an alternative for acquiring ilmu Shari’i. The decline of the conventional way for many reasons, in addition to the revolutionary development of technology, has encouraged many people to follow up in a different way to acknowledge Islam and Islamic knowledge. I also argue that these online platforms help Muslim youth confirm their identity through their attraction to social media. I consider the case of Ahmed Al Sayed and his influence on Muslim youth in the Arab world. In this research, I analyze social media interaction among Muslim youth by using the qualitative research method. This study contributes to understanding the impact of the age of transformation in technology on youth seeking Islamic knowledge.
STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL SOLAR COLD ENERGY STORAGE DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PCM DAN TANPA PCM
Authors: Calvin  , Samar  , Ambarita Himsar
Published: November 2023

Peningkatan efisiensi energi dan kondisi kenyamanan di dalam gedung lingkungan semakin dibutuhkan. Oleh karena itu, bahan perubahan fasa (PCM) dikhususkan untuk mengurangi konsumsi energi bangunan. Penelitian ini adalah eksprerimen dengan sistem kerja CES bertenaga surya yang berdimensi 740 mm x 410 mm x 310 mm yang digunakan untuk menyuplai udara dinginnya ke ruangan berdimensi 4,8 m × 3,7 m × 3,3 m. Komponen utama dari sistem pendingin CES terdiri dari gabungan sistem termoelektrik dan PCM yang diaplikasikan secara aktif. Dalam aplikasi aktif, konveksi paksa merupakan mekanisme perpindahan panas yang dominan antara PCM dan udara dalam CES dimana diperlukan beberapa perangkat listrik tambahan. Pada pengujian ini didapat hasil CES tanpa PCM, di hari pertama dan kedua memiliki perbedaan temperatur outlet untuk ruangan dan temperatur inlet dari ruangan yang hampir sama dengan rata-rata sebesar 1,43℃ dan 1,5. Sedangkan CES dengan PCM pada hari pertama dan kedua dengan rata-rata sebesar 7,36℃ dan 3,85℃. Untuk nilai COP didapat CES tanpa PCM di hari pertama dan kedua memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar 0,25. Sedangkan nilai COP CES dengan PCM di hari pertama dan kedua sebesar 0,39 dan 0,33.
PERANCANGAN DAN KONSTRUKSI INSTALASI AIR MINUM DARI KAPASITAS 500 LPS MENJADI 900 LPS DI PDAM TIRTANADI CEMARA
Authors: Alfian Hamsi  , Muhammad Taufik
Published: November 2023

Instalasi air minum adalah Jaringan atau sistem pendistribusian air minum dari sumber air melalui komponen penyalur dan penyambungnya untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan air dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Perancangan ini dilakukan untuk penambahan kapasitas air minum di PDAM Tirtanadi Cemara dari 500 lps menjadi 900 lps dengan menggunakan perhitungan analitik metode Hazen William. Adapun parameter perancangannya yaitu diameter pipa outlet ke jaringan distribusi, kapasitas reservoir, dan kapasitas pompa yang digunakan. Pada hasil perhitungan didapatkan diameter Pipa outlet ke IPA Martubung adalah  0,8 m, jalur Pancing  0,5 m, dan jalur Karakatau 0,5 m. Untuk Kapasitas Reservoir yang dibutuhkan adalah 4536  dengan diameter 16 m dan tinggi  12,5 m. Pada distribusi air minum ke IPA Martubung dibutuhkan 3 unit Pompa Booster dengan masing-masing kapasitas 300 KW, jalur pancing dibutuhkan 1 unit Pompa Booster dengan kapasitas 240 KW, dan jalur Karakatau dibutuhkan 1 unit Pompa Booster dengan kapasitas 225 KW, dan 1 unit Pompa Booster cadangan dengan kapasitas 240 KW. Hasil Simulasi menggunakan aplikasi Epanet berupa: Pressure dengan nilai maksimum = 1,37257952 Bar, nilai minimum = 0 Bar, dan Rata-rata = 0,836440156 Bar. Velocity dengan nilai maksimum = 1,0 m/s, nilai minimum = 0 m/s, dan Rata-rata = 0,632926829 m/s. Headloss dengan nilai maksimum = 26,03 m/km, nilai minimum = 0 m/km, dan Rata-rata = 2,939268293 m/km.
Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Variasi Temperatur Pemanasan Awal Cetakan Horizontal CENTRIFUGAL CASTING PADA PENGECORAN Al-Si TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN CACAT CORAN
Authors: MANURUNG FIKRI FAHRIZAL MANURUNG , Mahadi
Published: November 2023

ABSTRAK

Pengecoran sentifugal merupakan metode yang efektif untuk membuat benda coran, namun perlu diperhatikan parameter-parameter dari pengecoran sentrifugal seperti temperatur logam cair yang akan dituang, temperatur cetakan, kecepatan putar cetakan, dan gaya sentrifugal yang terjadi. Dari parameter tersebut fokus pada penelitian ini adalah pada parameter temperature cetakan dengan Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui variasi tempratur pemanasan awal cetakan horizontal centrifugal casting sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk coran yang dilakukan dengan perbaikan proses pengecorannya salah satunya dengan metode pengecoran sentrifugal. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Al-Si dengan penambahan Si sebesar 30%. Variasi temperature pemanasan awal yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 100 oC, 200 oC dan 300 oC. Cacat yang banyak terjadi pada preheating 100 oC. dari mulai cacat salah alir, cacat porositas dan cacat retakan. Nilai kekerasan dari masing-masing variasi preheating 100 oC, 200 oC dan 300 oC adalah 174,50 BHN, 181,23 BHN dan 196,22 BHN. Kekerasan tertinggi didapat pada preheating 300 oC. Nilai energi serapan yang diperoleh dari masing-masing variasi preheating 100 oC, 200 oC dan 300 oC adalah 14,32 joule, 15,27 dan 17,84 Joule. Nilai energi serapan tertinggi didapat pada preheating 300 oC.

 

Kata kunci : Centrifugal casting, preheating, Al-Si
Energy Absorption and Deformation Pattern Analysis of Crash Box with Tapered Wall Angle and Trigger Circles under Quasi-Static Loading
Authors: M. Sabri  , Otniel Wahana Christian Simanjuntak
Published: November 2023

Crash box merupakan sistem keselamatan pasif yang digunakan untuk mengurangi tingkat keparahan kecelakaan yang dialami penumpang atau bagian kendaraan yang vital akibat tabrakan. Penelitian ini meninjau pengaruh variasi sudut tirus dinding dan trigger circles pada crash box berpenampang lingkaran (circular) terhadap penyerapan energi dan pola deformasi pada uji simulasi pembebanan quasi-static. Penelitian dilakukan dengan software berbasis Finite Element Method (FEM). Variasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu crash box dengan sudut tirus 1° dan 5,7° dan letak trigger circles A, B, C dan D dengan material crash box Aluminium 6061-T4. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pola deformasi yang terbentuk adalah pola aksial dengan mode campuran (concertina + diamond). Deformasi mode campuran terjadi pada crash box sudut tirus 1° dan 5,7°. Penyerapan dengan kemampuan menyerap energi terbesar pada crash box dengan sudut tirus (α) 5,7° sebesar 3124,0 J.
EFFECT OF FORGING PROCESS ON IMPACT STRENGTH IN BRASS MATERIALS
Authors: Yusuf Siahaan Muhammad Yusuf Rahmansyah Siahaan , Rakhmad A. Siregar Rakhmad Arief Siregar , Amru Siregar  , Ahmad Yunus Nasution
Published: November 2023

Brass material which generally has low corrosion properties and low frictional forces is very suitable for use as a construction material, piping, ammunition sleeves, jewelry and household appliances. Knowledge of strengthening the mechanical properties of brass materials is needed. In this study, the brass material was forged so that it experienced a volume reduction of 44% at three forging temperatures namely room temperature (28°C), 350°C and 450°C. To observe the impact strength, the brass material specimens were tested using the Charpy Impact tester. The ratio of energy absorbed for forged and unwrought brass specimens was observed using linear regression. The results of physical observations of the fracture pattern show a complete fracture, and the form of a grained fracture. which can be classified as brittle.
ANALYSIS OF RIVER CLEANING SHIP DESIGN USING THE TRASHER BOAT IDEA USING MAXSURF
Authors: Sinamoi Syamsuri Alpha Joshua , Sabri Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Ships are a means of transportation for moving materials and goods from one place to another. Along with this increase, it was also followed by the development of other industries so that it had an impact. However, in increasing these activities, in addition to generating benefits, it also creates new impacts through the waste produced. Several work boats are made to solve problems related to the type of work according to needs. The solution that can be used to overcome the accumulation of garbage in the river is to use the help of a Trash Skimmer Boat. This work boat is a type of special ship that is used to carry out waste collection in rivers, lakes, seas and canals. By using the help of Maxsurf Software, the main size is L = 100 cm, B = 30 cm H = 15 cm, T = 3.54 cm with a payload capacity of 3 kg. It has the following data: Displacement = 6,968 kg ; block coefficient (Cb) = 0.387; Prismatic Coef (Cp) = 0.832.
Keyword : Ship, Workboat, Trasher boat, Trash Skimmer Boat