bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute kidney injury in patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Workagegnehu , Mohamed Rezika , Fikre Helina , Atnafu Saba , Tadesse Azeb , Diro Ermias , van Grienvsen Johan
Published: June 2021

Background

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease endemic to several countries including Ethiopia. Outside of Africa, kidney involvement in VL is frequent and associated with increased mortality. There is however limited data on acute kidney injury (AKI) in VL patients in East-Africa, particularly in areas with high rates of HIV co-infection. This study aims to determine the prevalence, characteristics and associated factors of AKI in VL patients in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods

A hospital based retrospective patient record analysis was conducted including patients treated for VL from January 2019 to December 2019 at the Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center (LRTC), Gondar, Ethiopia. Patients that were enrolled in ongoing clinical trials at the study site and those with significant incomplete data were excluded. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. P values were considered significant if < 0.05.

Results

Among 352 VL patients treated at LRTC during the study period, 298 were included in the study. All were male patients except two; the median age was 23 years (IQR: 20–27). The overall prevalence of AKI among VL patients was 17.4% (confidence interval (CI): 13.6%-22.2%). Pre-renal azotemia (57%) and drug-induced AKI (50%) were the main etiologies of AKI at admission and post-admission respectively. Proteinuria and hematuria occurred in 85% and 42% of AKI patients respectively. Multivariate logistic regression revealed HIV co-infection (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 6.01 95% CI: 1.99–18.27, p = 0.001) and other concomitant infections (AOR: 3.44 95% CI: 1.37–8.65, p = 0.009) to be independently associated with AKI.

Conclusion

AKI is a frequent complication in Ethiopian VL patients. Other renal manifestations included proteinuria, hematuria, and pyuria. HIV co-infection and other concomitant infections were significantly associated with AKI. Further studies are needed to quantify proteinuria and evaluate the influence of AKI on the treatment course, morbidity and mortality in VL patients.
Large scale meta-analysis of preclinical toxicity data for target characterisation and hypotheses generation
Authors: Munoz-Muriedas Jordi
Published: June 2021

Recent technological advances in the field of big data have increased our capabilities to query large databases and combine information from different domains and disciplines. In the area of preclinical studies, initiatives like SEND (Standard for Exchange of Nonclinical Data) will also contribute to collect and present nonclinical data in a consistent manner and increase analytical possibilities. With facilitated access to preclinical data and improvements in analytical algorithms there will surely be an expectation for organisations to ensure all the historical data available to them is leveraged to build new hypotheses. These kinds of analyses may soon become as important as the animal studies themselves, in addition to being critical components to achieve objectives aligned with 3Rs. This article proposes the application of meta-analyses at large scale in corporate databases as a tool to exploit data from both preclinical studies and in vitro pharmacological activity assays to identify associations between targets and tissues that can be used as seeds for the development of causal hypotheses to characterise of targets. A total of 833 in-house preclinical toxicity studies relating to 416 compounds reported to be active (pXC50 ≥ 5.5) against a panel of 96 selected targets of interest for potential off-target non desired effects were meta-analysed, aggregating the data in tissue–target pairs. The primary outcome was the odds ratio (OR) of the number of animals with observed events (any morphology, any severity) in treated and control groups in the tissue analysed. This led to a total of 2139 meta-analyses producing a total of 364 statistically significant associations (random effects model), 121 after adjusting by multiple comparison bias. The results show the utility of the proposed approach to leverage historical corporate data and may offer a vehicle for researchers to share, aggregate and analyse their preclinical toxicological data in precompetitive environments.
Los viajes combinados y medidas contra el covid-19
Authors: Jiménez Rico Carlos
Published: June 2021

La declaración del estado de alarma derivada de la pandemia del covid-19 ha supuesto, en el ámbito del contrato de viaje combinado, una sustancial alteración de los elementos del contrato: el objeto del mismo ha devenido imposible y la voluntad de las partes contratantes ha sido revocada, pues un gran número de viajeros no desean proseguir con la ejecución del viaje.

A través del presente trabajo reflejaré cuáles son las situaciones ante las que se encuentra el viajero que ha visto frustrada la ejecución de su viaje combinado, así como las herramientas jurídicas y los derechos que le asisten. En este sentido, se describirán las consecuencias jurídicas que derivan del ejercicio del desistimiento, de la declaración de fuerza mayor y la pérdida de interés en el cumplimiento del contrato, los efectos de la imposibilidad sobrevenida y, por último, las concretas medidas adoptadas en virtud de los reales decretos leyes por los que se adoptan medidas complementarias para hacer frente al covid-19.
La libertad como esclavitud: la legitimación ideológica como violación de la jurisprudencia
Authors: Poesche Jürgen
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar el discurso occidental sobre la libertad de tal manera que sea compatible con la primacía de las leyes del universo y las cosmovisiones de las naciones indígenas, que descartan cualquier deterioro de la armonía en el universo por parte de la humanidad. La humanidad es parte del universo y, por lo tanto, le corresponde a la humanidad no perturbar la armonía en el universo. Solo el universo es libre en un sentido absoluto, es decir, la libertad humana es siempre relativa. Debido a que las leyes del universo siempre reemplazan a las leyes humanas, cualquier intento legislativo humano de relativizar o administrar el universo es nulo ipso facto. Por tanto, el concepto occidental de desarrollo sostenible es ilegal. Las ideologías materialistas de la modernidad han legitimado y camuflado la violencia contra el universo todopoderoso. El agravamiento de la destrucción ambiental obliga a buscar alternativas jurisprudenciales, y estas se encuentran en las cosmovisiones de las naciones indígenas y el escolasticismo occidental.
Rilke és Dosztojevszkij
Authors: Burján Ágnes
Published: June 2021

Rilke fiatalon, rögtön első oroszországi útját követve olvasta A Karamazov testvéreket, és fordította le a Szegény emberek egy részletét. Évtizedeken keresztül, életműve összes korszakában csodálattal említette fel az orosz író nevét. A világháború idején és művészi válságpontjain is a nagy orosz író regényeihez fordult. Bár Dosztojevszkij hatása evidenciaként szerepel Rilke kritikai recepciójában, a Dosztojevszkij-élmény esztétikai vonatkozásait tárgyaló elemzések jóformán nem születtek, szemben a költő Oroszországhoz fűződő viszonyát taglaló számos tanulmánnyal. Holott különösen izgalmas kérdésiránya lehetne ez a Rilke-kutatásnak, hiszen a költő orosz kultúrához való viszonya köztudottan textuálisan meghatározott. Oroszország-képe elsősorban korai Tolsztoj és Dosztojevszkij olvasatain alapszik, az orosz világhoz fűződő viszonya pedig nagy szerepet töltött be saját irodalomesztétikájának formálódásában. Meglátásom szerint Rilke Oroszország-képe egyúttal a költő Dosztojevszkij-képét is magában rejti, hiszen a Dosztojevszkij-élmény Rilke Oroszországtól való megszólítottságának „hermeneutikai szituációjaként” (Gadamer) szolgált. Ezért dolgozatom egyfelől arra a kérdésre fókuszál, mennyiben árnyalja  az osztrák költő művészetkoncepciójáról alkotott eddigi képünket, ha azt Dosztojevszkij alakjának meghatározó szerepe felől olvassuk. Dosztojevszkij művészetének mely aspektusai állnak a regényeit olvasó Rilke érdeklődésének középpontjában? Igen valószínű, hogy a Dinggedicht-koncepció megszületéséhez, melynek voltaképpeni kidolgozása majd csak Párizsban, a rodin-i és cézanne-i hatásra történik meg, az orosz vidék térélményén túl az ortodox ikonok és Dosztojevszkij verbális ikonjai is hozzájárultak, így dolgozatom a Szegény emberek és A Karamazov testvérek lehetséges rilkei olvasatával is számot vet.
A Vasárnapi Kör Dosztojevszkij képe
Authors: Földes Györgyi
Published: June 2021

Mannheim Károly Lélek és kultúra című tanulmányában – amely a Szellemi Tudományok Szabad Iskolájában a bemutatkozó előadás írott változata -, szellemi generációjukra (tulajdonképpen a Vasárnapi Körre) tett hatások egyik legfontosabbikának Dosztojevszkij eszmeiségét mondja: „világnézetben és léletérzésben Dostojewski, etikai meggyőződéseinkben Kierkegaard, filozófiai álláspontunkban a német Logos, a magyar Szellem, Lask, Zalai azok, akiknek útját folytatni akarjuk” –  esztétikai  szempontból pedig  Paul Ernst, Riegl, Cézanne munkásságát, illetve az új francia líra, különösen a Nouvelle Revue Française, Bartók és Ady művészi eredményeit jelöli meg folytatandó mintaként.   Dosztojevszkij munkássága tehát fontos inspiráció volt szinte minden vasárnapos számára, bár nem is feltétlenül esztétikai élményként hatott rájuk, hanem megalapozta ideológiai személetüket, életérzést hozott számukra.  Tanulmányomban erről lesz szó, nem feltétlenül a teljességre törekedve, hanem megpróbálva az 1910-1920-as években maradni (még ha húszas években klasszikus értelemben már nem is létezett a Vasárnapi Kör, tagjai még sokáig sokan összejártak), illetve két „főszereplőt”, Lesznai Annát és Lukács Györgyöt kiválasztva a magam számára, továbbá az ő vonatkozó szövegeiket is főleg irodalmi nézőpontból vizsgálni. Ugyanakkor azzal is érdemes számot vetnünk, hogy ezen írásaik jórészt vázlatos, jegyzetszerű szövegek (Lesznainál napló formában), nem kidolgozottak, inkább rövidebb eszmefuttatások. (Lesznai szövege dokumentumértékű is abból a szempontból, hogy gyakran a vasárnaposok beszélgetéseit vetette papírra, s azokat gondolta tovább.)
Territórios em redes ocultas
Authors: Fernandes Arthur Macedo , Amorin João Marcellus
Published: June 2021

Pankararu é um povo indígena originário do semiárido brasileiro próximo ao Rio São Francisco, área habitada continuamente a cerca de 7000 anos. Como outros povos vizinhos, sofreu grandes ataques na expansão do colonialismo português desde o século XVI, perda dos seus territórios, liberdade e língua. Com a crescente demanda por reconhecimento a partir do século XX, torna-se um dos primeiros povos do Nordeste a ter reconhecida estatal sua existência e território demarcado. Hoje, com dois núcleos populacionais diferentes, no território original em Brejo de Padres (PE) e na maior metrópole do país, São Paulo, são um exemplo da pluralidade e diversidade dos povos indígenas brasileiro, tal como sua complexa identidade socioterritorial.
The role of independent commissioner in the effect of family ownership on capital structure in family companies in Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Rahmat , Kusumawati Nunik Dwi
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of family ownership on capital structure with independent commissioner as a moderating variable in family companies in Indonesia. The study used the population consisting ofÂ  family businesses listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data were taken fromÂ  the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD), financial statements, and annual report and the observation period was done from 2012 to 2018. The sampe was taken byÂ  a purposive sampling basedÂ  the specified criteria. Based on the analysis result, it can be concluded that family ownership has a significant negative effect on capital structure. Independent commissionerweakens significantly the negative effect of family ownership on capital structure. Furthermore,firm sizehas a significant positive effect on capital structure, but profitability has a significant negative effect on capital structure.
Whistleblowing and fraud in digital era
Authors: Widhiyanti Santi , Bernawati Yustrida
Published: June 2021

This article discusses whistleblowing and fraud in the digital era in Indonesia using a literature study. Digital whistleblowing allows someone to reveal a number of information accompanied by photos/ videos through social media/ other online sources. This information is investigated further to find out if there is fraud after checking the truth, because there is a possibility that the information is inaccurate. The absence of a checking process and confirmation of its truth causes inaccurate information. The case that occurred in one of the SOEs in Indonesia initially emerged from a tweet on a Twitter account which was finally able to uncover the alleged fraud in terms of abuse of office. This is an example of the role of technology in digital whistleblowing and fraud. Digital technology can detect if there is a change in the softcopy file through the recorded digital footprint and then submit it to the authorities so that they can track the identification of previous users related to the possibility of document leakage. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) which is part of artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be used to detect fraud. ANN is a system that is able to process complex amounts of data through pattern recognition. There has been much discussion about the use of information technology in Indonesia, but the use of ANN has not been much discussed.
Exploring accounting control for cash revenue and disbursement in micro enterprises
Authors: Rokhmania Nur'aini , Uswati Dewi Nurul Hasanah , Diptyana Pepie
Published: June 2021

This study aims to describe the implementation of accounting procedures and internal control in micro enterprises. The research data were obtained from source persons consisting of micro business owners 'LBB Surabaya' and 'Travel Pahlawan', employees, and customers. The data were analysed using a descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the accounting records maintained were Cash Books that were matched with bank records. There have been no written accounting procedures and reconciliation between companyâ€™s cash records and bank books. Internal control was implemented in the form of good communication and values in holding trust. However, it is necessary to carry out reconciliation, transaction documentation and document archiving well and minimize cash transactions to reduce the risk of fraud and increase the accuracy of accounting data.
Divergence within IFRS adoption: the case of depreciation practices of listed banks in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Mezbah Uddin
Published: June 2021

Comparability is one of the qualitative characteristics of financial statements that are prepared in compliance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The objective of this research is to identify whether this qualitative characteristic can be negated even when entities apply IFRS. In achieving the research objective, the depreciation policies adopted by the listed banks in Bangladesh are identified and compared with each other. This research finds that despite increasing effort by accounting standard setters and pressure groups to achieve IFRS-compliance and harmonization in accounting practices, non-compliance and divergence still exists. This research also finds that the divergence in depreciation practices can be of enough significance to negate comparability. The findings of this research expected to assist the international and national standard setters as well as the regulators in understanding the practical issues in implementing accounting standards and developing clearer IFRS implementation guidelines.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Perawat dengan Penatalaksanaan Pembidaian Pasien Fraktur di RS X Sulawesi Tenggara
Authors: Nurnaningsih Nina , Romantika I Wayan , Indriastuti Diah
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Fracture management is performed by splinting to immobilize the part of the body that is fractured by using a device that aims to reduce and eliminate pain, prevent movement of the fracture that can cause damage to the surrounding soft tissue. The pilot study showed that nurses’ knowledge was not related with attitude in managing patients with fractures. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of nurses and the management splint of fracture patients in the emergency room, Southeast Sulawesi Province in 2020. Methods: The study was conducted using a cross sectional design method. The population were 34 nurses in a emergency room at Hospital X Southeast Sulawesi Province. A total of 34 samples were taken by total sampling. Results: The results showed that most of the respondents had good knowledge (50.0%), most of the respondents had good attitudes (88.2%). There was a strong relationship between knowledge and the management of fracture patients (p value = 0.001 and p = 0.569), there was a strong relationship between attitude and the management of fracture patients (p value = 0.000 and p = 0.622). Conclusion: Researchers suggest to nurses in emergency room always improving their knowledge, education, skills and maintain motivation in providing emergency services to patients who have fractures.
Выборы в Ландтаг Саксонии-Ангальт – последняя репетиция перед выборами в Бундестаг
Authors: Belov Vladislav
Published: June 2021

6 июня 2021 года в небольшой восточногерманской земле Саксония-Ангальт прошли выборы в ландтаг. Состоявшиеся ровно за 16 недель до выборов в Бундестаг, они стали промежуточной пробой сил этаблированных партий, в определённой степени отразив соотношение сил – по крайне мере, на Востоке Германии – между основными претендентами на формирование будущего федерального правительства. Автор анализирует итоги выборов в земельный парламент и делает прогноз дальнейшего развития событий.
Opening the Door to Registered Reports: Census of Journals Publishing Registered Reports (2013–2020)
Authors: Montoya Amanda Kay , Krenzer William Leo Donald , Fossum Jessica Louise
Published: June 2021

Registered reports are a new publication workflow where the decision to publish is made prior to data collection and analysis and thus cannot be dependent on the outcome of the study. An increasing number of journals have adopted this new mechanism, but previous research suggests that submission rates are still relatively low. We conducted a census of journals publishing registered reports (N = 278) using independent coders to collect information from submission guidelines, with the goal of documenting journals’ early adoption of registered reports. Our results show that the majority of journals adopting registered reports are in psychology, and it typically takes about a year to publish the first registered report after adopting. Still, many journals have not published their first registered report. There is high variability in impact of journals adopting registered reports. Many journals do not include concrete information about policies that address concerns about registered reports (e.g., exploratory analysis); however, those that do typically allow these practices with some restrictions. Additionally, other open science practices are commonly encouraged or required as part of the registered report process, especially open data and materials. Overall, many journals did not include many of the fields coded by the research team, which could be a barrier to submission for some authors. Though the majority of journals allow authors to be anonymous during the review process, a sizable portion do not, which could also be a barrier to submission. We conclude with future directions and implications for authors of registered reports, journals that have already adopted registered reports, and journals that may consider adopting registered reports in the future.
Black Women in Parliament and on Social Media: Link Visibility as an Intersectional and Solidarity-Building Tool
Authors: Medrado Andrea , Souza Renata , Paulla Monique
Published: June 2021

This article tackles the multiple facets of visibility, ranging from invisibility, a lack of recognition in society, to hypervisibility, when bodies are hyperexposed for commodification or criminalization purposes. We analyze the specific implications of achieving media visibility for one Black Brazilian woman in politics: Renata Souza, a Rio de Janeiro state legislator. Souza’s campaign and mandate have drawn inspiration from the legacy of Marielle Franco, a Black lesbian favela-born city councillor and human rights advocate who was murdered in March 2018. Our theoretical framework consists of three strands of research: visibility studies, intersectional feminism, and intersectional work on technologies and surveillance. We draw from autoethnographic approaches with the use of field notes, audio diaries, and interviews with members of Souza’s staff. We complement these with digital ethnographic observations of Souza’s and her allies’ social media profiles. We ask: If visibility is a goal for groups that are marginalized and silenced, what happens when they achieve it? When does visibility help to protect Black women? And when does visibility bring even greater vulnerability? In this article, we propose and define the concept of “link visibility” as a process led by women of color who need a high degree of social media publicness but are affected disproportionately by visibility-induced high levels of vulnerability. We argue that link visibility represents an intersectional feminist approach as well as a tool for solidarity building, and that both—intersectionality and link visibility—help bind oppressed realities in Brazil and elsewhere. Finally, we interrogate what can be done to protect women of color online, stopping the violence, threats, and fear.
Soy isoflavones recover pancreatic islet function and prevent metabolic dysfunction in male rats
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiane Aparecida , Pavanello Audrei , Tófolo Laize Peron , de Oliveira Júlio Cezar , Moraes Ana Maria Praxedes de , Franco Claudinéia Conationi da Silva , Prates Kelly Valério , Martins Isabela Peixoto , Palma-Rigo Kesia , Torrezan Rosana , Yeo Erica , Gomes Rodrigo Mello , Francisco Flávio Andrade , Mathias Paulo Cezar de Freitas , Malta Ananda
Published: June 2021

We tested whether chronic supplementation with soy isoflavones could modulate insulin secretion levels and subsequent recovery of pancreatic islet function as well as prevent metabolic dysfunction induced by early overfeeding in adult male rats. Wistar rats raised in small litters (SL, three pups/dam) and normal litters (NL, nine pups/dam) were used as models of early overfeeding and normal feeding, respectively. At 30 to 90 days old, animals in the SL and NL groups received either soy isoflavones extract (ISO) or water (W) gavage serving as controls. At 90 days old, body weight, visceral fat deposits, glycemia, insulinemia were evaluated. Glucose-insulin homeostasis and pancreatic-islet insulinotropic response were also determined. The early life overnutrition induced by small litter displayed metabolic dysfunction, glucose, and insulin homeostasis disruption in adult rats. However, adult SL rats treated with soy isoflavones showed improvement in glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, insulinemia, fat tissue accretion, and body weight gain, compared with the SL-W group. Pancreatic-islet response to cholinergic, adrenergic, and glucose stimuli was improved in both isoflavone-treated groups. In addition, different isoflavone concentrations increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islets of all groups with higher magnitude in both NL and SL isoflavone-treated groups. These results indicate that long-term treatment with soy isoflavones inhibits early overfeeding-induced metabolic dysfunction in adult rats and modulated the process of insulin secretion in pancreatic islets.
Modified lignin nanosphere adsorbent for lead and copper ions
Authors: Xie Baoshan , Hou Yi , Li Youming
Published: June 2021

Heavy metal ions in wastewater have negative effects on humans and the environment. In this paper, the adsorption of lead and copper ions by modified eucalyptus lignin nanosphere (ECLNPs) was studied. The spherical alkali-lignin particles had a diameter of 50 nm, abundant carboxyl groups of 0.66 mmol/g, and relatively high adsorption performance. The equilibrium adsorption capacities of Pb(II) and Cu(II) by ECLNPs were 126.0 mg/g and 54.4 mg/g, respectively. Both Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorptive processes fitted a pseudo-second-order kinetics model. In the simultaneous adsorption process of Pb(II) and Cu(II), ECLNPs had higher adsorptive selectivity for Pb(II) than Cu(II), and there was a competitive adsorption process between Pb(II) and Cu(II). This resulted from the lower hydration heat of Pb(II) in water, which leads to easier separation from water ligands. ECLNPs also showed good recyclability, with 16.6% and 21.1% loss in Pb(II) and Cu(II) adsorption capacity, respectively, after three consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, which provides a feasible technical direction for the utilization of biomass resources and the treatment of water contamination.
Pengaturan Pemungutan Cukai Terhadap Minuman Bersoda Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2007 Tentang Cukai
Authors: Ridho Rasyid , Zada Khamami
Published: June 2021

Minuman bersoda tidak diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2007 tentang Cukai yang mana saat ini cukai yang dikelola oleh Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai hanya meliputi cukai hasil tembakau seperti sigaret, cerutu, rokok, cukai atas minuman yang mengandung etil alkohol serta cukai atas etil alkohol atau etanol, sehingga terjadi kekosongan hukum terhadap aturan mengenai cukai minuman bersoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaturan minuman bersoda dan pengendalian cukai terhadap minuman bersoda dalam sistem hukum di Indonesia.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian normatif dan library research dengan melakukan pengkajian dimana bersumber dari buku, jurnal, artikel serta peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan dengan studi penelitian ini. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statutory approach). Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Metode pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif. Metode penulisan penelitian ini mengacu pada buku pedoman penulisan skripsi Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta tahun 2017.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pengaturan mengenai minuman bersoda tidak di atur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2007 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 1995 tentang Cukai, padahal dalam kenyataanya minuman bersoda dapat menimbulkan efek negatif bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Pemerintah tidak memberikan perlindungan kepada masyarakat akibat tidak adanya hukum yang mengatur dan menyebabkan terjadinya kekosongan hukum. Pemerintah juga tidak mengendalikan peredaran konsumsi minuman bersoda yang mana konsumsi terhadap minuman bersoda pun meningkat dan dapat menimbulkan efek negatif bagi kesehatan sehingga dapat menyebabkan penyakit berat seperti osteoporosis, kanker, obesitas dan tentunya dapat merusak generasi bangsa.
Collaborative Governance Reconstruction In the Government Bureaucratic System in Indonesia in a Philosophical Dimension
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim , Taryono Taryono , Rezki Annissa
Published: June 2021

Good governance berperan sebagai ideology yang akan membuka jalan rintisan bagi terbentangnya jalan yang lebih luas bagi masuknya neo-liberalisme ke dalam ruang kesadaran warga Negara-bangsa di seluruh dunia. konspe good governance merupakan suatu unit elit yang akan meruntuhkan basis paling inti dari pertahanan kesadaran anti-liberalisme dan anti-neoliberalisme, yaitu konsep mengenai apa yang baik (good) dalam pengelolaan Negara-bangsa. Dalam hal ini, konsep good governance sungguh menerapkan secara bagus kekuatan tersembunyi dari bahasa.
The Application of Political Theories in the Indonesian Political Reform Movement in 1998
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim , Rezki Annissa , Taryono Taryono
Published: June 2021

Di Indonesia, era reformasi bergulir sejak 1998 yang menumbangkan era rezim Orde Baru. Analisis Huntington dan Nelson mengenai model populis tidak cocok dengan era pasca orde baru dalam melihat dampak dari peningkatan partisipasi politik rakyat. Konflik-konflik kecil memang terjadi dalam bentuk intrik-intrik politik, dan hal ini juga biasa terjadi dalam model-model lain termasuk model liberal. Pada era pasca orde baru tren yang berkembang justru pertumbuhan ekonomi yang labil dan pemerataan ekonomi yang belum berdampak luas yang mengakibatkan semacam kejenuhan rakyat dengan persoalan politik. Angka partisipasi politik dalam pemilu di atas sedikit banyaknya menunjukkan tren tersebut. Ditambah lagi dengan kecilnya angka partisipasi dalam berbagai pemilihan kepala daerah (pilkada) yang digelar di tiap provinsi dan kabupaten/kota di seluruh Indonesia.
Transfer of Party in The Agreement May Void the Agreement as A New Today of Law in Indonesia
Authors: Yulianto Ahmad , Farhani Athari
Published: June 2021

The ratification of Law No.7 of 1989 concerning the Religious Courts brought enormous changes to the position of the religious judiciary, not only in its position as a judicial institution as part of executing the same judicial power as other judicial institutions. However, the ratification of the granting of full authority which is the main task of the religious court to resolve cases of Muslims in Indonesia relating to family law. With the birth of the religious court law, the religious judiciary has become independent in Indonesia in enforcing laws based on Islamic law for those seeking justice who are Muslim in relation to civil matters in the fields of marriage, inheritance, wills, grants and endowments. Therefore, Muslims in Indonesia are required to submit their cases to the religious court which is the authority of the religious court. Jurisprudence is a fundamental need to complement various laws and regulations in the application of law because in the national legal system it plays a role as a source of law. Without jurisprudence, the function and authority of the judiciary as the executor of judicial power will cause sterility and stagnation. Jurisprudence aims to keep laws up to date and apply effectively, and can even increase the authority of the judiciary because they are able to maintain legal certainty, social justice and protection. Legal certainty will be realized if in the application of law there is a common perception. The existence of legal certainty will prevent or avoid disparities and inconsistencies in decisions because judges have applied the same legal standards to cases or cases that are the same or similar to cases that have been terminated or tried by a previous judge, so that the verdict on his case can be predicted by justice seekers. With this consistent decision, a sense of justice and legal certainty can be realized.
The Role of Humans in Creating a Smart City
Authors: Situngkir Maspero
Published: June 2021

Every human being is born unique with their own talents and abilities. Therefore, every human being is unique. We cannot compare humans because every human being has their own weaknesses and weaknesses. Thus humans are social creatures who need each other to complement each other. If the talents and abilities that are owned can be channeled properly and correctly, it will create extraordinary innovations that can change mindsets and facilitate all human activities, including by creating Smart Home and Smart City. Of course this cannot be separated from the development of science and technology in the current era of globalization. Thus, the role of the government is also expected to support this because it is an integrated system. Thus, to realize a smart city, it is necessary to have a system that is mutually integrated and supports each other, namely smart governance, smart society, smart life, smart economy, smart environment, and smart branding.
As muitas faces da dívida
Authors: Leal Carolina Rispoli
Published: June 2021

O artigo problematiza as diferentes dimensões presentes no processo de negociação de dívidas e que atuam na reconfiguração subjetiva dos sujeitos endividados. Por meio do arcabouço teórico que inclui drama social (Turner) e ritual (Peirano), além da abordagem etnográfica realizada junto à Central de Mediação – uma iniciativa do Tribunal de Justiça do Rio Grande do Sul, Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ) e de outras instituições públicas – foi possível perceber que as dívidas negociadas, bem como seus significados, tensionam critérios morais, sociais e econômicos. Ao mesmo tempo, ao buscarem a esfera legal, os sujeitos se mostram cientes de um código que os defende, enquanto consumidores, em sua dignidade, ao utilizarem, a sua maneira, as noções de justiça e de cidadania.
Quando menos é mais
Authors: Cándido Luara Fernandez de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo apresenta dados e análises de uma pesquisa etnográfica que teve como objetivo o mapeamento dos diferentes olhares e práticas promovidas por adeptos a estilos de vida que têm como proposta a redução do consumo de bens materiais. A hipótese de que a preocupação com as questões ambientais seria uma das motivações centrais para redução do consumo de bens materiais foi desconstruída no decorrer do estudo, sendo percebida como periférica nos debates dos grupos observados e nas falas dos entrevistados. O que se pode verificar é que uma das principais motivações que levam à adesão a estilos de vida com maior simplicidade é a busca por autonomia para desenvolver novos projetos de vida com maior bem-estar e felicidade.
Inclined slipway optimization in a shipyard
Authors: Doğan Serap Özhan , Eren Şükrü , Akol Emrah , Akçaalan Selman
Published: June 2021

In most of the world’s shipyards, ships over 2500 t are launched using the inclined slipway method. The biggest problem in shipyards, efficient use of inclined slipway capacities where the blocks turn into mega-blocks, directly affects the purchases of new projects. The scope of this work is inclined slipway layout optimization work among ongoing projects at a shipyard and the placement of possible proposal projects in the current project flow with the best solution. Within the scope of the study, first, the slipway restrictions and then the slipway activities were determined. Minimum and maximum limits have been established for restrictions. Constraints have been created for the start and end dates for slipway use, the occupancy time of the slipway, the occupancy capacity of the slipway, the placement of the ship in the slipway cells and the width and length of the ships. Accordingly, the interdependencies and durations of the activities were determined. The presence of four cells was assumed with a slipway angle of 5° and a slipway vessel settlement area of 25 × 100 m. Among the 19 ongoing projects in a shipyard, four proposal projects were tried to be placed with the best layout and cost. In this study, three algorithms were tried. First, the ‘greedy’ algorithm and, second, the greedy and local search algorithms were run together, and the latest variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm was applied. Afterward, the greedy + local search algorithm and VNS algorithm were tested and the optimization objective function was determined. For this, slipway capacity calculation, excess capacity calculation and cost calculation were carried out. By performing these calculations, it was ensured that the cost and the time schedule were optimized so that the activities stayed between the start and end dates. Although the greedy algorithm was tried for project 4, the best result was obtained by the greedy + local search and VNS algorithms. As a result of the local search application, the authors applied the greedy algorithm on project 3; the cost was lower. The best result for project 2 was achieved with greedy + local search, and the greedy + local search and VNS algorithms for project 1 were run separately, and the cost was minimized.
Optimization of welding application parameters of thin sheet blocks used in the new-generation ship hull
Authors: Doğan Serap Özhan , Özden Turgut
Published: June 2021

The main material of merchant ships is steel. Generally, block sheets used in forming a ship hull are between 7 and 12 mm. On a 60 m ship, the hull consists of approximately 25–35 mega-blocks and 45–60 blocks. Welding operations cause expansion and shrinkage on the part due to regional temperature differences. The purpose of this study is determining the optimum welding parameter of panels with 48 × 1200 cm dimensions and 5 mm thickness. Because the thickness of the sheet metal used is very thin, the blocks to be welded are very large and the mega-blocks formed by welding are used in large numbers and include uncertainties such as optimal parameters in the process application and mechanical behavior on the weld. To reduce the number of experiments within the scope of the study, welding application conditions were determined by using Taguchi experimental design (L9). In the determined parameters, submerged arc welding was carried out on the panels in a horizontal position. Taking 10 × 48 cm sections as head–middle–end from each combined panel, visual control and radiographic testing (ISO 5580) was performed. Tensile (TS EN ISO 4136) and notch-impact (TS EN ISO 9016) mechanical tests were also conducted. By conducting statistical analysis (analysis of variance) of the selected parameters used in the Taguchi experimental design, percentage effects of each parameter on yield strength, tensile strength and notch-impact tests were obtained. The impact percentage of the highest current was determined; the results were 50.24% for yield strength, 51.43% for tensile strength and 57.53% for notched-impact test results. Data means were checked with design of experiment analysis. The best welding results were obtained at parameters of 650 A, 32 V and 150 cm/min.
Introduction: Digital Human Sciences as a Field of Research
Authors: Petersson Sonya , Fors Uno
Published: June 2021

What is meant by “digital human sciences,” what types of research objects and topics does it circumscribe, and how does it overlap with or depart from related fields of research? This chapter introduces the digital human sciences as a new field of study, distinguishes it from the digital humanities, and discusses its multidisciplinary character.
Interpreting Information Visualization
Authors: Uggla Karolina
Published: June 2021

Information visualization has become a prevailing part of our visual culture, a research field, and a line of work for designers. The literature on information visualization is diverse, dominated by handbooks aimed at designers and illustrated surveys, sometimes with an emphasis on historical examples. This chapter makes a survey of the field of information visualization in order to map out and assess its analytical vocabulary. First, there is a need to refer to some different definitions and general concepts, such as the naming of phases in the visualization process, the naming of different visualization types, and their components. In order for scholars of human sciences to be able to identify, understand, and interpret information visualization as visual objects, some tools for suitable visual analysis of these objects would be useful. To meet this end, the chapter explores two particular interpretative frameworks. The first framework discusses social semiotics as an analytical tool. The second one analyzes the ethics and emotional appeal of information visualization.
The Growing Pains of Digital Art History: Issues for the Study of Art Using Computational Methods
Authors: Wasielewski Amanda
Published: June 2021

Digital methodologies that revolve around the study of text have become popular in humanities disciplines such as literature and history. The potential for studying large groups of text automatically through techniques like text mining has meant that Franco Moretti’s “distant reading” has found more and more proponents. Art history, however, presents some unique barriers to uptake in computational techniques, not least the resistance of art historians, who have raised legitimate concerns about the relevance of such techniques. Many so-called “digital art history” projects focus only on formal characteristics while ignoring context, which does not reflect the nature of art historical study in the last 60 years. The technical challenges of using digital methodologies in the study of art and visual culture have limited the potential benefits of such techniques as well: the methodologies used for images are more complex than text recognition and there is simply not enough preexisting data that needs to be sorted in this way.
How to Approach Hard Drives as Cultural Heritage
Authors: Jarlbrink Johan
Published: June 2021

Computers and mobile phones are piling up in archives, libraries, and museums. What kind of objects are they, what can they tell us, and how can we approach them? The aim of this chapter is to exemplify what an investigation of a hard drive implicates, the methods needed to conduct it, and what kind of results we can get out of it. To focus the investigation, hard drives are approached as records of everyday media use. The chapter introduces a computer forensic method used as a media ethnographic tool. Computer forensics and media ethnography are rooted in different methodological traditions, but both take an interest in people’s routines and the way they do and organize things. The chapter argues that a hard drive represents a window into the history of new media: into time specific software, formats, and media use.
Responsabilidad Social Corporativa y Emprendimiento: evolución y tendencias de investigación
Authors: Ramos-Enríquez Viviana , Duque Pedro , Vieira Salazar Jaime Andres
Published: June 2021

La Responsabilidad Social Corporativa y el emprendimiento son temas de gran amplitud e importancia teórica y práctica, los cuales, han sido abordados desde diversas perspectivas y aplicables en diferentes escenarios. Aunque el interés por ambos temas se ha incrementado en los últimos años, no se ha evidenciado una revisión bibliográfica que muestre su evolución y sus tendencias mediante un análisis de citaciones. Por tanto, el presente artículo tuvo como propósito identificar las tendencias de investigación emergentes en estos temas, cubriendo la literatura de Web of Science y Scopus mediante el mapeo científico. Para esto, se desarrolló un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica; y se utilizó la analogía del árbol para clasificar los documentos principales. Los resultados reflejaron que la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa es aplicable a cualquier tipo de organización, sin embargo, en empresas pequeñas y emprendimientos se ve limitada debido a presiones de grupos de interés. En el análisis de citaciones se evidenciaron tres perspectivas o corrientes de investigación:  desempeño y sostenibilidad; cambios institucionales y organizacionales; valor compartido y emprendimiento social. En términos prácticos, los gerentes y emprendedores pueden implementar estrategias innovadoras y sostenibles bajo modelos de responsabilidad social integradores.
Caracterización de perfiles de educación financiera en hogares colombianos
Authors: De La Hoz-Granadillo Efraín Javier , Morelos-Gómez José , Escobar-Zapata María Candelaria
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: la finalidad del presente estudio fue caracterizar los perfiles de educación financiera en Colombia a fin de conocer el desempeño financiero de los hogares. Método: para la investigación se aplicó las técnicas de análisis estadístico multivariado de análisis de conglomerados y discriminante, a resultados de encuesta de carga y educación financiera de los hogares año 2018, en una muestra aleatoria de 1000 individuos, realizada por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) en Colombia. Resultados: los hallazgos encontrados muestran cuatro grupos característicos de educación financiera y la capacidad discriminante en el 94,1% de casos agrupados clasificados correctamente. Discusión: si bien el estudio muestra claras tendencias de conocimiento y comportamiento financiero de los grupos de los hogares analizados, se debe ampliar el estudio aplicando otras herramientas multivariadas de predicción del comportamiento financiero de los hogares. Conclusión: en la población de casados, la mayoría de los hombres suelen tener un mayor conocimiento financiero, pero mal manejo de las finanzas personales, a diferencia de las mujeres en esta condición que en general muestran tener mejor conducta y educación financiera.
"Causas y consecuencias de la violencia familiar: caso Nuevo León"
Authors: Saldaña Ramírez Hilda Sandra , Gorjón Gómez Gabriel de Jesús
Published: June 2021

Al ser la familia la primera escuela de valores humanos es importante enseñarlos a través de la palabra y el ejemplo, pues la dinámica familiar es determinante en el íntegro desarrollo de la personalidad de los hijos, así como en la tranquilidad y seguridad de sus integrantes. La familia se inicia con la formación de una pareja y su evolución constituye el eje medular de la vida en este contexto; por lo que la manera de resolver los conflictos en y entre ellos son definitivos en ser y crear mujeres y hombres de bien. Dentro de la presente investigación la herramienta cuantitativa que se utilizó fue la encuesta, aplicada a 321 mujeres víctimas de la violencia de su pareja en el ámbito familiar, los ítems fueron redactados con el objetivo de detectar el tipo de violencia de mayor reincidencia, así como las causas y consecuencias que pueden ser la razón de la violencia del hombre perpetrada a su pareja en el contexto familiar.
Derechos del artista como trabajador en el marco del fortalecimiento de la industria creativa en Colombia
Authors: Wilches Visbal Jorge , Djordjevic Sandra , Cohen Rodriguez Yarlemis Loraine
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo propone una reflexión acerca de la situación de los derechos de los artistas cuando se desempeñan como trabajadores o prestadores independientes de servicios dentro de la industria creativa en Colombia, para lo que se revisan los conceptos de empleado y trabajador, así como las de artista profesional y aficionado desde una perspectiva legal y doctrinal. De igual forma se revisa el cuerpo normativo de la industria creativa en Colombia como apuesta para la generación de empleo y desarrollo. Por último, se proponen algunas sugerencias de protección e incentivo laboral de la profesión de artista a ejemplo de la recién promulgada Ley del Actor.
Iniciativas locales: herramienta de mediación para la construcción de paz, Ovejas - Sucre
Authors: De La Ossa Guerra Santander José , Rendón Blanco Geanny Karin
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las iniciativas locales que actúan como herramientas de mediación para la construcción de paz en el municipio de Ovejas, Departamento de Sucre. El método utilizado se enmarcó en el enfoque cualitativo con diseño descriptivo-  transversal.  La población objeto de investigación, fueron las organizaciones formales o, de hecho, que se han desarrollado en las zonas urbana y rural del municipio de Ovejas, en el Departamento de Sucre como iniciativas locales de paz.  Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron las técnicas de revisión documental y la entrevista abierta. La información se recabó el segundo semestre de 2019.  Como resultados, se pudo determinar que, en el municipio de Ovejas se encuentran alrededor de 60 iniciativas locales, representadas en organizaciones campesinas, productivas, de mujeres, de víctimas y parcialidades indígenas; las cuales, han participado de la construcción del PDET, la gestión de reparación colectiva de víctimas del conflicto armado, construcción de políticas públicas, recuperación de la memoria histórica, impulso a la zona de reserva campesina, defensa del territorio y los recursos naturales e impulso a la economía local.  Que estas iniciativas son producto de estrategias nacionales y regionales que, con apoyo de organismos internacionales, se han implementado en la región de los Montes de María.