bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ukrainian Zoos Amidst the War – The Threats and Challenges of Running a Zoo during the Military Conflict
Authors: Kiosya Yevgen
Published: July 2023

The Russo-Ukrainian War, especially the full-scale invasion started in 2022, has grossly affected the zoos in Ukraine. Present work gives a review of different aspects of zoo life amidst the war: threats for zoo animals and their enclosures, threats for zoo visitors, problems of zoo staff, challenges of supply, utilities, finances, evacuation and maintaining basic zoo functions. Main consequences of the war for the zoo community and the lessons we can learn from this experience are broadly discussed.
Circumscription of Abarema (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade)
Authors: GUERRA ETHIÉNE , BATISTA SOARES MARCOS VINICIUS , PIRES MORIM MARLI , VIEIRA IGANCI JOÃO RICARDO
Published: July 2023

The genus Abarema (Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoid clade), as traditionally circumscribed, emerged as polyphyletic in recent phylogenetic studies. The type species of the genus, Abarema cochliacarpos, is positioned within the Inga clade, separate from the remaining species previously included in the genus (now combined to Punjuba and Jupunba genera). Here we present the new circumscription of Abarema. The two species included in the genus occur in the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes in Brazil. We provide a morphological description of Abarema and its two species, an identification key, conservation status and a geographic distribution map.
Investigating the Correlation between Serum Amyloid A and Infarct-Related Artery Patency Prior to Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Ji Hao , Chen Senjiang , Hu Qingqing , He Ying , Zhou Liang , Xie Jianchang , Pan Hao , Tong Xiaoshan , Wu Chenghao
Published: July 2023

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a cardiovascular risk factor and may serve as a predictor of infarct-related artery (IRA) patency in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We measured SAA levels in STEMI patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and investigated their association with IRA patency. According to the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade, 363 STEMI patients undergoing PCI in our hospital were divided into an occlusion group (TIMI 0-2) and a patency group (TIMI 3). The SAA level before PCI was significantly higher in STEMI patients with IRA occluded than in those with patent ones. At a cutoff value of 36.9 mg/L, SAA had a sensitivity of 63.0% and a specificity of 90.6% (area under the ROC curve [AUC] = .833, 95% CI: .793-.873, P < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SAA was an independent predictor of IRA patency in STEMI patients before PCI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.020-1.062, P < .001). SAA can be used as a potential predictor of IRA patency in STEMI patients before PCI.
Psychotherapy Experiences of U.S. Adults With Physical Disabilities: Recommendations for Affirmative Practice
Authors: Conner Kristin J. , Acosta Veronica M. , Nouri Roya , Tyler von Wrangel Milena , Gramillo Elizabeth , Conner Alise
Published: July 2023

Mental health providers often have little to no training on working with disabled people, and may hold negative biases toward disability (American Psychological Association [APA], 2022). Given these conditions, this study fills a gap in knowledge about the experiences of people with physical disabilities in psychotherapy, and data-driven disability-affirmative approaches. Purposive sampling was used to recruit people with physical disabilities ( N = 24) through social media, who participated in semi-structured individual interviews about their psychotherapy experiences. Consensual qualitative research methods revealed four overarching domains with multiple underlying themes. The four domains were: (a) positive therapeutic interventions and interactions, (b) negative therapeutic interventions and interactions, (c) in/accessibility of services, and (d) suggestions for improving mental health services. The results inform affirmative practices for psychotherapy with a stigmatized population. Implications for culturally-responsive clinical practice and training are discussed, as well as study limitations and directions for future research.
Book review: Vijay Sakhuja and Pragya Pandey (Eds.), K. M. Panikkar and the Growth of a Maritime Consciousness in India
Authors: Mukhia Anmol
Published: July 2023

Vijay Sakhuja and Pragya Pandey (Eds.), K. M. Panikkar and the Growth of a Maritime Consciousness in India, Vij Books India, Pvt. Ltd. and Indian Council of World Affairs, 2022, xii+404 pp., ₹1,750 (Hardcover). ISBN 9789393499301
Federal Leadership Perspectives and Role on the Era of Access, Accountability, and Evidence-Based Practices in Special Education
Authors: Kleinhammer-Tramill Jeannie , Karanxha Zorka , Broughton Alta Joy
Published: July 2023

This article is part of a case study of U.S. federal leadership in special education from the perspective of those who served in the roles of Assistant Secretaries of the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitation Services and Directors of the Office of Special Education Programs or their equivalents in the former U.S. Office of Education and later U.S. Department of Education. This case study covers the time period from the George W. Bush administration and lasting through the first 4 years of President Barack Obama’s administration (2000–2012). During this time, government intervention in education reached its zenith with the passage of No Child Left Behind in 2001 and the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004. The participants detailed their (a) career and appointment, (b) vision for educating students with disabilities, (c) theory of change, (d) politics and financial constraints, (e) advocacy, and (f) views of the past, present, and future.
Preservice English Teachers’ Preparedness to Teach: Stakeholders’ Perceptions in Teaching Practicum
Authors: Çelik Handan , Zehir Topkaya Ece
Published: July 2023

Preservice English language teachers (PSTs) realize and shape their perceptions regarding preparedness to teach during their education. However, being prepared to teach is complex and multifaceted and requires individual factors and interaction with context and other people. Therefore, understanding it from stakeholders’ lens is needed. Within a descriptive and exploratory design, one-on-one, semistructured interviews were conducted with 8 faculty advisors (FAs) and 11 cooperating teachers (CTs) supervising PSTs in primary, secondary, and high schools in a northwestern city in Türkiye. The data collected in teaching practicum stage of field experience was coded and categorized via constant comparison method of analysis. The FAs, except for few issues, regarded the PSTs as unprepared to teach, while the CTs did as prepared to teach. The emergence of a perception gap could show lack of common understanding and mismatch between the stakeholders’ perceptions regarding their standards of and approaches toward high-quality teacher preparation.
Whose Coordination? Which Democracy? On Antitrust as a Democratic Demand
Authors: Bagg Samuel
Published: July 2023

The growing movement seeking to revive an aggressive, “neo-Brandeisian” approach to antitrust policy sees it partly as a way of protecting democracy against concentrated economic power. Yet on closer inspection, prevailing theories of democracy as collective decision making offer weak support, at best, for a neo-Brandeisian approach. Rather than abandoning the insight that an aggressive approach to antitrust can help protect democracy, however, this essay argues that we should adjust our theories of democracy to accommodate it. I first show why prevailing accounts are ill suited to explaining the democratic virtues of a neo-Brandeisian approach. I then outline an alternative ideal of democracy—defended in greater detail elsewhere—and draw out its implications for antitrust. While vindicating the intuition that aggressive antitrust policy serves democratic goals, my account also incorporates genuine worries about such an approach, and thus enables neo-Brandeisians to reformulate their democratic ambitions in more precise and promising terms.
Ecology and the Eucharist: Pope Francis’s Liturgical Theology of Caring for Our Common Home
Authors: O’Brien Christopher M.
Published: July 2023

Ten years into his papacy, this article explores Pope Francis’s concern for ecology and the environment in relation to the church's liturgy and sacraments, especially the eucharist. How Christians pray liturgically, especially at the eucharist, should inform Christian ethics, including our care for our common home. Drawing from Francis’s Laudato Si’ and Desiderio Desideravi, as well as from various works by liturgical and sacramental theologian Kevin Irwin, this article aims to demonstrate the close connection that exists in Francis’s thought between the church's liturgy and the church's relationship with the natural world. Though it has been particularly emphasized in recent decades, care for creation can be grounded theologically in the church's tradition, especially in its liturgical prayer and sacramental theology. As Francis writes, “It is in the Eucharist that all that has been created finds its greatest exaltation” ( Laudato Si’, 236).
Paying Attention in Class: Using In-Class Quizzes to Incentivize Student Attention
Authors: Nevid Jeffrey S. , Armata Casey E.
Published: July 2023

Background:

Methods are needed to incentivize student attention to class material.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of in-class quizzing to incentivize student attention to class material to boost exam performance.

Method:

A randomized, alternating treatments design embedded in an introductory psychology class compared learning benefits of two types of quiz-based engagement activities, mastery quizzes, and concepts checks, as compared to a no-engagement activity control.

Results:

Students performed significantly better on exam content linked to classes with quiz-based engagement activities. Learning benefits of engagement activities extended across levels of cognitive complexity indexed to Bloom levels, although were stronger for low-level items. The effects of engagement activities were also stronger for content directly discussed in class. There were no significant differences in learning outcomes between the two engagement activities.

Conclusion:

Students performed better on exam content linked to class sessions with quiz-based engagement activities that incentivized attention to class material compared to those that did not.

Teaching Implications:

Using in-class quizzes as attentional cues offers instructors a means of incentivizing student attention to class material with minimal disruption of class time and lecture flow, while also improving exam scores.
Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infective exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on clinical outcomes in a prospective cohort study of hospitalised adults
Authors: Hyams Catherine , Qian George , Nava George , Challen Robert , Begier Elizabeth , Southern Jo , Lahuerta Maria , Nguyen Jennifer L , King Jade , Morley Anna , Clout Madeleine , Maskell Nick , Jodar Luis , Oliver Jennifer , Ellsbury Gillian , McLaughlin John M , Gessner Bradford D , Finn Adam , Danon Leon , Dodd James W ,   The Avon CAP Research Group
Published: July 2023

Objectives

To determine whether acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have worse outcomes than AECOPD caused by other infectious agents or non-infective AECOPD (NI-COPD).

Design

A two-hospital prospective cohort study of adults hospitalised with acute respiratory disease. We compared outcomes with AECOPD and a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 (n = 816), AECOPD triggered by other infections (n = 3038) and NI-COPD (n = 994). We used multivariable modelling to adjust for potential confounders and assessed variation by seasons associated with different SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Setting

Bristol UK, August 2020–May 2022.

Participants

Adults (≥18 y) hospitalised with AECOPD.

Main outcome measures

We determined the risk of positive pressure support, longer hospital admission and mortality following hospitalisation with AECOPD due to non-SARS-CoV-2 infection compared with SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD and NI-COPD.

Results

Patients with SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD, in comparison to non-SARS-CoV-2 infective AECOPD or NI-COPD, more frequently required positive pressure support (18.5% and 7.5% vs. 11.7%, respectively), longer hospital stays (median [interquartile range, IQR]: 7 [3–15] and 5 [2–10] vs. 4 [2–9] days, respectively) and had higher 30-day mortality (16.9% and 11.1% vs. 5.9%, respectively) (all p < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD was associated with a 55% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 24–93), 26% (95% CI: 15–37) and 35% (95% CI: 10–65) increase in the risk of positive pressure support, hospitalisation length and 30-day mortality, respectively, relative to non-SARS-CoV-2 infective AECOPD. The difference in risk remained similar during periods of wild-type, Alpha and Delta SARS-CoV-2 strain dominance, but diminished during Omicron dominance.

Conclusions

SARS-CoV-2-related AECOPD had worse patient outcomes compared with non-SARS-CoV-2 AECOPD or NI-AECOPD, although the difference in risks was less pronounced during Omicron dominance.
Risk of bias in randomized clinical trials on psychedelic medicine: A systematic review
Authors: Hovmand Oliver Rumle , Poulsen Emil Deleuran , Arnfred Sidse , Storebø Ole Jakob
Published: July 2023

Background:

The classical psychedelics, psilocybin, peyote, ayahuasca/ N,N-dimethyltryptamine, and lysergic acid diethylamide are considered promising new treatments for psychiatric illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, addiction, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. However, their profound and characteristic subjective effects raise concern for distinctive biases in randomized clinical trials.

Methods:

We performed a systematic literature search to identify all clinical trials on classical psychedelics with patient populations to examine descriptive data and determine the risk of bias. Two independent reviewers searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and APA PsycNet) and extracted information on study design, study population, use of active or inactive placebo, dropouts, evaluation of blinding of intervention, and reporting of expectancy and therapeutic alliance.

Results:

We included 10 papers reporting on 10 unique trials. The trials generally included populations that were predominantly white and highly educated. The trials had small samples and considerable dropout. Blinding was either unsuccessful or not reported regardless of type of placebo. Few trials published protocols, statistical analysis plans (SAPs), and outcomes relating to psychotherapy fidelity. All trials but one were rated as high risk of bias.

Conclusion:

Successful blinding of intervention is a significant challenge in this field. To better accommodate this, we suggest that future trials use a parallel-group design and utilize an active placebo on a psychedelic-naïve population. Future trials should publish trial protocol and SAPs, use clinician-rated outcomes accessed by a blinded rater, evaluate blinding of intervention, and consider measuring expectancy and therapeutic fidelity.
Fiscal expropriation in Turkey under the rule of Erdoğan
Authors: Cinemre Cihan
Published: July 2023

This work signifies an attempt to elaborate on the concrete workings of fiscal policy in today’s Turkey through the notion of primitive accumulation. The subject matter is a political regime that constitutes itself increasingly through coercion. And to understand the political regime’s constitution in its wholeness, its concrete existence in its relations with the economic life surrounding it, primitive accumulation – the notion that construes coercion as an economic power – is necessary. Furthermore, since the notion of class struggle is inherent to primitive accumulation, the latter notion also elicits to reflect on the formation of the state as it hinges on the class society. The notion of primitive accumulation reveals the class power that the state predicates and the concrete ends that this predicate sights. Political coercion can’t be comprehended separately from the capitalist accumulation, and in the case of Turkey, their unity finds expression most clearly in the practices of fiscal expropriation. Throughout the work, fiscal expropriation is examined through three specific forms it takes: the unity of over-taxation with growing indebtedness of the state, public procurement regime, and public–private partnerships. All of them signify the proletarianisation and further impoverishment of the people just as in the era when Karl Marx has drawn up the notion of primitive accumulation.
Comprehensive analysis of ferroptosis-related hub gene signatures as a potential pathogenesis and therapeutic target for systemic sclerosis: A bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wu Chenmin , Liu Jianwen , Chen Zhihan , Wu Yanfang , Gao Fei
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The molecular mechanism of systemic sclerosis (SSc) remains unclear. Ferroptosis participates in a series of cell activities, such as inflammatory progression, by regulating cell death; unfortunately, there aren’t many research that discuss the connection between ferroptosis and SSc.

Objectives: This study used bioinformatics analysis to report a potential relationship between ferroptosis and SSc.

Methods: The SSc and control datasets GSE125362 and GSE76807 were obtained from the gene expression omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the R software. By the Venn diagram, ferroptosis DEGs were detected. The chosen candidate genes were then subjected to analyses of protein-protein interactions, gene ontology enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment. With the Molecular Complex Detection plugin program, the hub genes were investigated. A multifactor regulatory network was constructed depending on key hub genes, and immune infiltration was also evaluated. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay were used to validate the bioinformatic results.

Results: Twenty-four ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes were detected in patients with SSc versus the normal controls. The biological processes of FRGs in patients with SSc focused on the negative regulation of cell proliferation and inflammatory response. The signaling pathways were enriched in necroptosis. The core genes of SSc were CYBB, IL-6, NOX4,TLR4, CXCL2, JUN, and LY96. Three miRNAs, two lncRNAs, and five transcription factors were predicted. The evaluation of immune infiltration showed that the number of activated natural killer (NK) cells increased in SSc skin tissues, whereas the number of resting dendritic, NK, and mast cells decreased. The bioinformatics prediction results from the mRNA chip were in line with the expression levels of IL-6 and CYBB.

Conclusions: Necroptosis and ferroptosis were upregulated in patients with SSc and involved in modulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. IL-6 and CYBB are key ferroptosis-related genes in SSc. Ferroptosis and related genes might be promising targets in the treatment of SSc.
Are Leadership Preferences Gendered? A Conjoint Analysis of Employee Preferences for Manager Characteristics in Male- and Female-Dominated Public Sub-Sectors in the Netherlands
Authors: Offringa Sophie , Groeneveld Sandra
Published: July 2023

This article examines the consequences of stereotypical beliefs regarding gender, traits, and leadership styles for manager preferences in public organizational contexts that differ as to the gender composition of their workforce. It is hypothesized that employee preferences for male, agentic, and/or transactional managers relative to female, communal, and/or transformational managers are stronger in male-dominated contexts than in female-dominated contexts. Hypotheses are tested through a conjoint survey experiment among 2,757 Dutch public sector employees in education, police, and defense. Findings show that there is a stronger preference for communal managers over agentic managers in both contexts, independent of the manager’s gender. In contrast, employee preferences for transactional leadership relative to transformational leadership are stronger in male-dominated contexts than in female-dominated contexts and vice versa, also independent of the gender of the manager. The article discusses the implications of the study’s findings for the study of gender and leadership preferences.
Diversifying Hawai‘i's Specialized Economy: A Spatial Economic Perspective
Authors: Bond-Smith Steven
Published: July 2023

Specialization in tourism exposes the economy of Hawai‘i to external shocks that trigger collapses in tourist numbers. Furthermore, Hawai‘i's economic growth has diminished for decades as the dominance of tourism has not generated productivity growth. In response, policy makers in Hawai‘i increasingly emphasize diversification. This article examines a spatial economics perspective to explain why Hawai‘i is so specialized, and to sketch policy for diversification and growth. Isolated, small, and open economies tend to be more specialized in one or a few industries because increasing returns to scale generates a coordination problem for new industries. By targeting industries that use related know-how, or a Hawai‘i-specific resource, Hawai‘i can access productivity gains from the scale of related and location -bound industries.
Making governance agile: Exploring the role of artificial intelligence in China’s local governance
Authors: Li Yiran , Fan Yingying , Nie Lin
Published: July 2023

As the key to digital transformation, artificial intelligence is believed to help achieve the goal of government as a platform and the agile development of digital services. Yet we know little about its potential role in local governance, especially the advances that AI-supported services for the public sector in local governance have ventured and the public value they have created. Combining the digital transformation concepts and public value theory, we fill the gap by examining artificial intelligence (AI) deployment in the public sector of a pilot city of digital transformation in China. Using a mixed-method approach, we show how AI configurations facilitate public value creation in the digital era and identify four dimensions of AI deployment in the public sector: data integration, policy innovation, smart application, and collaboration. Our case analysis on these four dimensions demonstrates two roles that AI technology plays in local governance—“AI cage” and “AI colleague.” The former builds the technology infrastructure and platform in each stage of service delivery, regulating the behaviors of frontline workers, while the latter helps frontline workers make decisions, thus improving the agility of public service provision.
Productivity improvement by application of simulation and lean approaches in an multimodel assembly line
Authors: Harish DR , Gowtham T , Arunachalam Amirthan , Narassima MS , Lamy D , Thenarasu M
Published: July 2023

In the era where mass production is inevitable, developments in the manufacturing process have helped industries to produce goods in batches of enormous quantities. With the drastic growth in technology, it is crucial to update, and improve assembly lines continuously. This study aims to systematically understand the area where an assembly line needs improvement to enhance its process and productivity. Published articles related to assembly line improvements, lean techniques, and simulation were synthesized exhaustively. A Discrete Event Simulation model of an automated manufacturing company was developed based on the data acquired and observations. Integration of lean techniques along with simulation adds to the effectiveness of the proposed method. Crucial areas that need improvement were identified, and lean techniques such as Kaizen and Poka-Yoke were applied. The efficiency of the proposed improvements was visualized by altering the simulation model. The average WIP was reduced from 87.2 to 81.2, and the cycle time of seven stations was reduced as a result of the implementation of Lean principles. Laser Marking Station (Fixture clamping and Stopper Cylinder) and Pad Printing & Vision Inspection Station witnessed a twofold improvement in the proposed model. There was an improvement in throughput by 7.14%. The study would prove helpful for managers and policymakers to visualize the usefulness of implementing lean techniques with minimal investment.
The role of acidity in fatty acid esterification with heterogeneous silica catalysts impregnated with Zr and sulfates
Authors: Evangelista João Paulo da Costa , de Morais Araújo Aruzza Mabel , Gondim Amanda Duarte , de Araujo Antonio Souza
Published: July 2023

The esterification reaction of oleic acid using heterogeneous catalysts can be a promising alternative for the production of biodiesel. This study proposed to obtain biodiesel from the esterification of oleic acid with the Zr-SBA-15 and SO42−/Zr-SBA-15 catalysts obtained by inserting Zr and subsequent sulphation of SBA-15 synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Zr-SBA-15 and SO42−/Zr-SBA-15 catalysts were initially synthesized by the wet impregnation method, followed by the sulphation process. The characterization of the catalysts was performed by: X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and acidity test, with the aim of identifying the structure, composition and verification of the presence of acidic sites. The characterization results indicated that SBA-15 preserved the ordered hexagonal structure, after the incorporation of Zr, with the presence of nanoparticles of this metal dispersed on the surface and inside the microporous and mesoporous channels of the Zr-SBA-15 catalyst. After sulphation, the amount of acid sites increased and the ordered structure was maintained. For the Zr-SBA-15 and SO42−/Zr-SBA-15 catalysts, there was the formation of tetragonal and monoclinic structures of ZrO2. The catalytic activity was evaluated by the esterification reaction of oleic acid via the methyl route. Biodiesel obtained with SO42−/Zr-SBA-15 presented physico-chemical properties within the standards specified by ANP Resolution N° 798/2019 and a better yield of 80.7%. SBA-15 did not show catalytic activity for the oleic acid esterification reaction under the reaction conditions of this study.
Recursive filtering for time-varying systems with mixed time-delays subject to stochastic communication protocol and dynamic quantization effects
Authors: Zhu Chaoqun , Zhang Pan , Lu Zibao , Yang Bin , Wang Zhiwen
Published: July 2023

The recursive filtering problem for a class of time-varying systems with mixed time-delays subject to stochastic communication protocol and dynamic quantization effects is discussed in this article. It is assumed that only one sensor can transmit the measured information to the filter at each sampling period, and the selected sensor is determined by the scheduling strategy of the stochastic communication protocol. Based on this assumption, the dynamic upper bound of the filtering error covariance is derived for time-varying systems with mixed time-delays and an underlying scheduling protocol by solving two Riccati difference equations in each sampling period. Then, the trace of the upper bound is minimized to obtain the filter gain with the desired filtering performance. Subsequently, the boundedness issue of the filtering error covariance is investigated. Sufficient conditions are given to ensure that the filtering error covariance is exponentially bounded in the mean square. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm.
‘We Should Not Be Quiet but We Should Talk’: Qualitative Accounts of Community-Based Communication of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Goymann Hannah , Mavuso Mxolisi , McMahon Shannon A. , Hettema Anita , Hughey Allison B. , Matse Sindy , Dlamini Phiwa , Kahn Kathleen , Bärnighausen Till , Jahn Albrecht , Bärnighausen Kate
Published: July 2023

Community leaders play an important role in the acceptance of public health services, but little is known about their willingness to facilitate HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) roll-out in Eswatini. We conducted in-depth interviews ( n = 25) with purposefully selected male and female community leaders in Eswatini. We analysed our data inductively using a thematic analysis approach. Community leaders feel they are important communicators of culturally appropriate PrEP messaging. Our participants described a complex social space within their communities influenced by religion, tradition, values, and HIV stigma. Community leaders use their position to provide leverage for unique, effective, and easily accessible messages and platforms to reach the community in a manner that ensures trust, relatability, familiarity, and shared faith. Community leaders feel that they are trusted and see trust manifesting in the conversations they are able to engage in, and have a reach that extends beyond formal health services. Existing PrEP programming should embed community leader participation in PrEP programming and engage the trust, knowledge, and potential of community leaders to support PrEP uptake and acceptance.
Investigation of the effect of longitudinal creepage on wheel squeal
Authors: Liu Xiaogang , Ye Siqi , Mei Chang
Published: July 2023

Wheel squeal is generally attributed to the lateral wheel vibration induced by lateral creepage. It should be noted, however, longitudinal creepage also exists at wheel/rail interface. Given the significance of longitudinal creepage in vehicle dynamics, a test rig that can introduce various longitudinal creepages by changing the teeth number of synchronous pulley is developed in this research, and measurement results show that squeal spectrum has three dominant peaks, whose sound pressure levels decrease with longitudinal creepage. In order to investigate the reason why longitudinal creepage can mitigate wheel squeal, a model of a wheel/rail system is developed in this research to analyse this phenomenon using complex eigenvalue method, and the results show the inner wheel tends to generate unstable vibration at three different vibration modes, correlating well with the dominant peaks of sound spectrum. Further analyses can illustrate the reason why longitudinal creepage can mitigate wheel squeal: the absolute value of effective damping ratio of each mode decreases with longitudinal creepage, so structural damping and frictional damping are less likely to be overcome by negative damping.
‘What if it rains? What if there are bushfires?’: Extreme weather, climate change and music festivals in Australia
Authors: Green Ben , Strong Catherine
Published: July 2023

Increasingly, music festivals in Australia are being cancelled, postponed or otherwise impacted by extreme weather events, including floods throughout 2022 and bushfires in 2018–2019. These and other forms of extreme weather, such as dangerous heat and drought, are predicted to increase in frequency and severity due to climate change. However, relative to the size of the problem, there is a lack of attention in both public discussion and scholarly literature to the impacts of extreme weather and climate change on the festival sector, and the need to adapt in response. This study explores this issue in the context of Australian music festivals. The threat of extreme weather to the Australian music festival sector and its benefits is outlined, with reference to climate science predictions as against known festival activity, as well as a detailed overview of recent impacts. This is followed by an examination of how music festival stakeholders in industry and government are responding to this challenge, through the analysis of policy submissions, media comments and changes of practice. This article concludes by proposing a set of questions and issues for research, policy and action concerning the escalating impact of extreme weather on music festivals in Australia, with relevance to other places.
Elastohydrodynamic lubrication of soft-layered rollers and tensioned webs in roll-to-plate nanoimprinting
Authors: Snieder Jelle , Dielen Marc , van Ostayen Ron AJ
Published: July 2023

This work presents the development of a numerical model for the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of roll-to-plate nanoimprinting with flexible stamps. Roll-to-plate nanoimprinting is a manufacturing method to replicate micro- and nanotextures on large-area substrates with ultraviolet-curable resins. The roller is equipped with a relatively soft elastomeric layer, which elastically deforms during the imprint process. The elastic deformation is described by linear elasticity theory. It is coupled to the pressure build-up in the liquid resin film, which is described by lubrication theory. The flexible stamp, which is treated as a tensioned web, is pre-tensioned around the roller. The elastic deformation of the tensioned web is described by the large-deflection bending of thin plates equations, considering its non-negligible bending stiffness. A Fischer–Burmeister complementarity condition captures the contact mechanics between the tensioned web and the roller. The governing equations combine in a coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication model, which is fully described by a set of non-dimensional numbers. These are used in a parameter study to investigate the effect on the pressure and film height distributions. It is shown that the bending stiffness of the tensioned web results in an additional hydrodynamic pressure peak and corresponding minimum in the film height, near the inlet of the roller contact. An increase of the bending stiffness corresponds to a decrease in film height. The numerical results are compared with benchmarks from literature and experimentally validated with layer height measurements from flat layer imprints. Good agreement is found between the numerical and experimental results.
A framework for designing visitor experiences in branded tourist attractions: Insights from a luxury Cognac brand
Authors: Ponsignon Frédéric , Holmqvist Jonas
Published: July 2023

Setting up a tourist attraction provides brands with the opportunity to offer visitors an experience that promotes their brand image. This paper explores how to design such an experience by focusing on the tourist attraction of a famous luxury brand, Hennessy Cognac. Through an in-depth case study, the paper contributes to the tourism literature by developing a framework for experience design in branded tourist attractions. This framework bridges the gap between abstract design principles and corresponding operational actions in practice to support the realization of visitor experiences that improve brand perceptions. Moreover, it suggests a requirement for congruency between the characteristics of the brand and the design of the visitor experience.
Identifying modifiable factors associated with psychological health in women experiencing infertility
Authors: Schuette Stephanie A , Andrade Fernanda C , Woodward Julia T , Smoski Moria J
Published: July 2023

This study assessed the relationship between modifiable psychological variables and depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic growth in women experiencing infertility. U.S. women ( N = 457) who identified as experiencing infertility completed standardized self-report measures of mindfulness, self-compassion, positive affect, intolerance of uncertainty, relationship satisfaction, experiential avoidance, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic growth. Clinical and demographic characteristics (age, duration trying to conceive, miscarriage, and childlessness) did not predict depression or anxiety. Lower positive affect and higher experiential avoidance were associated with depression and anxiety. Lower self-compassion was associated with depression; higher intolerance of uncertainty was associated with anxiety. There were indirect effects of mindfulness on anxiety and depression via these variables. Future research should explore whether intervening on these factors reduces depressive and anxiety symptoms. Promoting mindfulness may have beneficial effects on symptoms via its downstream effects on multiple coping variables. Counterintuitively, posttraumatic growth was associated with higher intolerance of uncertainty and experiential avoidance.
Fabrication and characterization of laminated natural fibers and SS303 wire mesh reinforced epoxy-based hybrid composite
Authors: Nag Mukesh Kumar , Kumar Parmanand
Published: July 2023

In today’s world, researchers are actively seeking the most suitable materials to meet the growing industrial demands. These materials need to possess specific characteristics such as lightweight nature, high strength, excellent mechanical properties, and environmental friendliness. Due to these requirements, relying solely on mono fiber composite materials is insufficient. Therefore, it has become necessary to incorporate different reinforcements into polymer matrices to achieve the desired mechanical properties. This study focuses on the fabrication of a novel hybrid composite using jute fibers, luffa fibers, palmyra leaf fibers, and AISI 303 (0.5 mm) wire mesh combined with epoxy resin. The fabrication process involved utilizing vacuum bagging techniques. To assess the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites, two wire mesh orientations (45° and 90°) and a total of 12 stacking sequences of jute/wire mesh/luffa/palmyra (J/W/L/P) were selected. The mechanical characterization of the hybrid composites included tensile, impact, flexural, and interlaminar strength tests. Furthermore, a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA-8000) was employed to investigate the elastic behavior, including storage modulus (E′), loss modulus ( E″), and damping factor (tan δ). Additionally, the fracture surface's microstructure was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Among the various stacking sequences and fiber orientations, the 45° fiber orientation and the stacking sequences JWLP, JLWP, JWPL, JPWL, PWJL, and PJWL exhibited superior ultimate tensile strength. Notably, the PWJL stacking sequence displayed the highest average tensile strength (74.83 MPa), flexural strength (131.60 MPa), percentage elongation (1.35%), and interlaminar strength (1.47 kN). Moreover, dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that the hybrid composite sample with 90° wire mesh orientation exhibited a peak energy absorption of 0.820 at the transition region, specifically at a frequency of 0.5 Hz.
Listening to Experiences of Environmental Change in Rural Vietnam: An Intergenerational Approach
Authors: Beckwith Laura , Warrington Siobhan , Nguyen Hue , Nguyen Tanh , Greru Chamithri , Smith Graham , Minh Thuy Mai Thi , Nguyen Lan , Hensengerth Oliver , Woolner Pam , Smith Matt Baillie
Published: July 2023

Locally led adaptation is increasingly promoted as an important strategy for addressing the impacts of climate change. However, the understanding of rural realities in the Global South is still limited by insufficient information about the complex and dynamic relationships between rural communities and their environment. These relationships are influenced both by the material aspects of place and by the social and cultural dynamics that shape identities. This paper seeks to address this gap by providing an in-depth examination of how older and younger people are living with environmental change in two rural areas in Vietnam. Recognizing the lack of attention given to older people as important environmental actors, this paper will make three key contributions: move from a focus on the vulnerability of older people to one which highlights their capabilities; introduce an intergenerational approach that builds an inclusive understanding of rural communities; and embrace a complex appreciation of environmental change that looks beyond the usual framings of climate change and impact upon livelihoods’ to other aspects of people’s relationship with a changing environment. In doing so, this paper calls for an increased appreciation for the multiple values of nature, particularly how different community members engage with and appreciate their environment, to support more relevant and sustainable approaches to addressing local environmental challenges.
Artificial neural network–based diagnostic models for lung cancer combining conventional indicators with tumor markers
Authors: Luo Yanan , Yuan Hui , Pei Qin , Chen Yiyu , Xian Jiawen , Du Rongrong , Ye Ting
Published: July 2023

This study set out to establish a lung cancer diagnosis and prediction model uses conventional laboratory indicators combined with tumor markers, so as to help early screening and auxiliary diagnosis of lung cancer through a convenient, fast, and cheap way, and improve the early diagnosis rate of lung cancer. A total of 221 patients with lung cancer, 100 patients with benign pulmonary diseases, and 184 healthy subjects were retrospectively studied. General clinical data, the results of conventional laboratory indicators, and tumor markers were collected. Statistical Product and Service Solutions 26.0 was used for data analysis. The diagnosis and prediction model of lung cancer was established by artificial neural network – multilayer perceptron. After correlation and difference analysis, five comparison groups (lung cancer-benign lung disease group, lung cancer-health group, benign lung disease-health group, early-stage lung cancer-benign lung disease group, and early-stage lung cancer-health group) obtained 5, 28, 25, 16, and 25 valuable indicators for predicting lung cancer or benign lung disease, and then established five diagnostic prediction models, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) of each combined diagnostic prediction model (0.848, 0.989, 0.949, 0.841, and 0.976) was higher than that of the diagnostic prediction model established only using tumor markers (0.799, 0.941, 0.830, 0.661, and 0.850), and the difference in the lung cancer-health group, the benign lung disease-health group, the early-stage lung cancer-benign lung disease group, and early-stage lung cancer-health group was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The artificial neural network–based diagnostic models for lung cancer combining conventional indicators with tumor markers have high performance and clinical significance in assisting the diagnosis of early lung cancer.
Integrating Literature as a Data Source in Mixed Methods Research
Authors: Cooper Alannah L. , Brennan Marian C. , Leslie Gavin D. , Brown Janie A.
Published: July 2023

Integration is a hallmark of mixed methods research and is constantly evolving. Joint displays have emerged as an effective method of integration at the analysis and interpretation level, facilitating visual comparison of quantitative and qualitative findings to present inferences greater than the quantitative and qualitative findings alone. Although literature reviews and concept analyses frequently precede mixed methods investigations, these are not commonly included in the integration process. To advance mixed methods research, we present a novel method of integrating data sources including rigorous literature reviews using joint display, that builds on the concept of creating a sum that is greater than quantitative and qualitative findings alone, with examples from two research studies.
Enabling older adults with intellectual disability to become physical activity leaders in their community: Pilot study
Authors: McDermott Sonia , McCarron Mary , Burke Eilish , McCallion Philip , O’Donovan Mary-Ann
Published: July 2023

People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have high levels of sedentary behaviour and co-morbid health conditions. There is also increased longevity for this group which is an incredible success story but one which also poses challenges to the health system. For the first time, the mainstream health system needs to plan for and address age related health needs of people with ID. It also demands consideration of age-appropriate health-promotion efforts to support this ageing population with life-long disability. A physical activity programme, People with Intellectual Disability as Physical Activity Leaders (PPALs), was co-designed and co-developed with older adults (40+ years) with intellectual disability (ID). The process, content and outcomes of the pilot are presented in this paper. Expertise from three sectors: non-statutory academic and people with intellectual disabilities and their supporters worked collaboratively for successful completion of the project.
Effects of integrative neuromuscular training on change of direction performance in court-based sports players: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Junxin , Mi Jing , Liu Ruidong
Published: July 2023

This study systematically reviewed and quantified the scientific literature on the effects of integrative neuromuscular training (INT) on change of direction (COD) performance among court-based sports players. A comprehensive keyword search was conducted on December 15, 2022, across six electronic bibliographic databases: SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Web of Science, Academic Search Ultra, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Following the application of eligibility criteria, a total of 23 studies with 901 participants were included in this review. Meta-analysis was employed to estimate the pooled effect size of INT interventions on COD performance. The findings demonstrated that INT interventions resulted in a significant reduction in COD task completion time for court-based sports players, compared to control groups (standard deviation [SD]  =  0.38, 95% CI  =  0.27, 0.49; I^2  =  98.76%). However, it was observed that the efficacy of INT on COD performance was influenced by factors such as gender, sport type, and specific metrics of COD task measures. Consequently, it is imperative to consider these potential variations when interpreting the results and planning future research. In conclusion, INT exhibited superior effectiveness in improving COD performance compared to control groups among court-based sports players. We recommend that strength and conditioning professionals incorporate INT into their comprehensive conditioning programs. However, it is important to acknowledge the potential variations in outcomes attributable to participant-specific characteristics, including gender, sport type, and the nature of COD tasks. This understanding will facilitate the optimal application of INT, thereby enhancing athletic performance across diverse sporting contexts.
The invented myth behind the Taiwanese ‘national’ holiday: The collective memory of Peace Memorial Day
Authors: Yao Ming-li
Published: July 2023

This study aims to discuss how the state of the Republic of China, which is Chinese-oriented, created the discourse of the national holiday of Peace Memorial Day to reinforce Taiwanese nationalism. Peace Memorial Day was proclaimed to commemorate the tragedy of the state’s massacre of Taiwanese locals on 28 February 1947, usually known as the ‘228 Incident’. Based on resources collected from the two officially sponsored museums, this study explored how the Republic of China government has ‘selectively’ presented the sources of the 228 Incident, reshaping the contested text as part of a mnemonic past shared by itself and society, and on which basis it has developed the cultural discourse embodying Taiwanese nationhood. The research results also suggest that the officially constructed memory underscores the core value of democratisation not only to reinforce the notion regarding the Republic of China as a ‘Taiwanese’ government, but also to mark the distinction between the Republic of China and the People’s Republic of China as two ‘national’ unities.