bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Results of CO2 laser-assisted sclerotomy surgery (CLASS procedures) in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Nagy ZZ , Bausz M , Kránitz K , Kiss HJ
Published: December 2018

Purpose

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of CO2 laser-assisted sclerectomy surgery (CLASS) in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) showing progression in spite of maximal local antiglaucomatous therapy.

Materials and methods

Patients with progressive POAG received CLASS treatment. We performed CLASS on 15 eyes (eight males and seven females). The primary endpoint was the change in the intraocular pressure (IOP), and additionally best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), C/D ratio (cup-to-disc), as well as use of antiglaucomatous drops were also investigated. Following the preoperative assessment, measurements were performed at 6-month follow-up.

Results

The average preoperative IOP was 26.13 ± 6.79 mmHg that dropped to 9.57 ± 4.09 mmHg at 1 day. IOP was stable at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The BSCVA decreased to the 1-day and 1-week follow-up but returned to its original value to the 1-month check-up. Preoperatively, all patients were on maximal antiglaucoma drop therapy, after CLASS none of the patients needed antiglaucomatous treatment at 1 month. However, at 3 months, one of them needed antiglaucoma drops. C/D ratio showed non-significant changes.

Conclusions

CLASS procedure was found to be effective in decreasing IOP in POAG patients whose IOP was not compensated with maximal antiglaucomatous local therapy; patients needed significantly less local therapy following the CO2 laser surgery.
Béla Bartók’s controversy with Géza Molnár in 1911: As a member of the “Transitional generation”
Authors: Okamoto Yoshiko
Published: December 2018

Béla Bartók’s “On Hungarian Music,” one of his controversial articles published in 1911, is known for criticizing Géza Molnár’s book, Theory of Hungarian Music (1904). However, it has not been mentioned that Molnár himself replied to Bartók’s article in the next volume of Aurora [Dawn] magazine, using exactly the same title as Bartók’s. While Bartók asserted that true Hungarian music had never existed before, Molnár, a musicologist in Budapest, bitterly criticized Bartók’s assertions from an academic perspective. This controversy over Hungarian music published in Aurora seemed quite crucial for understanding and relativizing Bartók’s position at that time. The historian Mary Gluck explained that several intellectuals, including György Lukács and Béla Balázs, had to depend on the older generation, both financially and philosophically, during that period. Using Gluck’s framework, this paper examines the genesis of Bartók’s article and the connection between him and the intellectuals in 1911, as well as to interpret this controversy. In conclusion, the controversy with Molnár, and plausible “defeat” in the field of musicology could be added to his list of challenges and setbacks before 1912, the year that saw Bartók’s temporal exit from public musical life.
Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of Imidazole with Various 2-Bromo-1-arylethanone Derivatives: A Computational Study
Authors: ERDOĞAN Taner , OĞUZ ERDOĞAN Fatma
Published: December 2018

In
this study, it was intended to investigate the reactions between imidazole and
2-bromo-1-arylethanones such as 2-bromoacetophenone,
2-bromo-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethan-1-one,
2-bromo-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethan-1-one and 2-bromo-1-(furan-2-yl)ethan-1-one,
computationally. In the study, some Density Functional Theory (DFT)
calculations have been performed on the chemical species involved in the
investigated chemical reactions. DFT calculations have been performed at DFT
B3LYP (Becke, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr) level of theory using 6-31G(d),
6-31G(d,p), 6-311G(d,p) and 6-311+G(2d,p) basis sets. Single Point Energy (SPE)
calculations, geometry optimizations, vibrational analysis, Frontier Molecular
Orbital (FMO) calculations, global reactivity descriptor determinations,
Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) map calculations and estimation of the
nuclear magnetic shielding tensors have been carried out at the same levels of
theory. In 1H-NMR calculations, CSGT (Continuous Set of Gauge
Transformations) and GIAO (Gauge-Independent Atomic Orbital) models were used
and experimental data have been compared with the computationally obtained
data.
Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) Superalloy Coatings On Ductile Irons
Authors: KAYALI Yusuf , KARABAŞ Muhammet , YALÇIN Yılmaz , BÜYÜKSAĞİŞ Aysel , TALAŞ Şükrü
Published: December 2018

In this study, alloyed and unalloyed ductile irons
(DI) were coated with two different Ni-based superalloy materials by HVOF
method. Microstructure and phase analyzes of the coatings were performed by
using SEM, EDX, XRD methods.  The
electrochemical corrosion behavior of alloyed and unalloyed DI is investigated
in 3.5% (w / v) NaCl solution. As a result of the characterization studies, it
was observed that a dense non-porous coating layer of about 80 μm thickness was
obtained on the cast iron samples and continuous adhesion was provided between
the coating and the substrate. It has been determined that the cast iron coated
with AMDRY 9624 contains γ and β intermetallic phases and the coating produced
with AMDRY 9951 commercial powder contains only γ phase. As a result of coating
process, the corrosion rate of the alloyed and unalloyed spherical graphite
cast irons is reduced. Also, the corrosion rate of the coating produced with
AMDRY 9951 is higher than the coating produced with AMDRY 9624. The presence of
intermetallic phases in the coating produced with AMDRY 9624 increased the
corrosion resistance of the coatings.
Predictors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in high-risk ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients: A single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Sinkovič Andreja , Masnik Klara , Mihevc Matic
Published: December 2018

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Factors other than contrast exposure have been suggested as major contributors to renal dysfunction in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Our aim was to assess the incidence and risk factors of AKI in high-risk STEMI patients, mostly treated by PPCI with implemented measures to prevent contrast-induced AKI. We retrospectively analyzed data of 245 STEMI patients (165 men, mean age 63.9 ± 11.9 years) admitted to the Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit. Demographic, clinical, and mortality data were compared between AKI and non-AKI group. AKI was defined as a 1.5-fold increase in serum creatinine from baseline level within 24–48 hours. AKI developed in 34/245 (13.9%) patients. PPCI was performed in 226/245 (92.2%) of all STEMI cases, with no difference between AKI and non-AKI group. There were significant differences between AKI and non-AKI group in diabetes mellitus (41.2% vs. 20.9%), prior MI (26.5% vs. 11.8%), prior resuscitation (38.2% vs. 12.4%), admission acute heart failure [AHF] (44.1% vs. 12.8%), in-hospital AHF (70.6% vs. 17.5%), and hospital-acquired infection [HAI] (79.4% vs. 18.0%). Significantly more AKI patients had increased admission CRP ≥25 mg/L (38.2% vs. 11.8%), peak CRP ≥50 mg/L (91.2% vs. 36%), admission troponin I ≥10 mg/L (44.1% vs. 24.6%), peak troponin I ≥50 mg/L (64.7% vs. 44.1%), peak NT-proBNP ≥400 pmol/L (82.4% vs. 27.5%), and ejection fraction <45% (76.5% vs. 33.6%). Mortality was significantly increased in AKI group, including in-hospital (52.9% vs. 7.1%), 30-day (64.7% vs. 10.7%) and 6-month mortality (70.6% vs. 13.7%). Significant independent predictors of AKI were prior resuscitation (OR 4.171, 95% CI 1.088–15.998), HAI (OR 7.974, 95% CI 1.992–31.912), and peak NT-proBNP (OR 21.261, 95% CI 2.357–191.795). To reduce the risk of AKI in STEMI patients, early diagnosis and treatment of AHF and HAIs are advisable.
p53-null Clone Generation v1
Authors: P Howard Thomas , Arnoff Taylor
Published: December 2018

We attempted to delete the DNA-bindign domain of TP53 with two sgRNAs [Supplemental Table S3, designed with E-CRISP (33)] targeting exons 4 and 9 using a previously described method (34).
Determination of Effective Synaptic Conductances Using Somatic Voltage Clamp v1
Authors: Li Songting , Liu Nan , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhou Douglas , Cai David
Published: December 2018

By using dynamic clamp to generate synaptic inputs, we demonstrate the deficiency of the traditional slope-and-intercept method for the determination of effective synaptic conductances using somatic voltage clamp, and and we test the effectiveness of the intercept method for the measurement of effective conductance.
Trapping and blood-sampling small mammals in semi-arid environments v1
Authors: E. Cattan Pedro , Botto-Mahan Carezza , P. Correa Juana , Bacigalupo Antonella , Cornejo-Villar Berenice
Published: December 2018

Brief guide to trapping and blood-sampling of small terrestrial mammals, including materials, procedures and recommendations.
Hand Hygiene Awareness of the Middle School Students and Use of Theater Performance
Authors: ÖNEN Cihan , KOÇ Yüksel
Published: December 2018

Present
study has been conducted to investigate the effects of raising the awareness of
middle-school students toward hand hygiene via using theater performances. The
population of this intervention study consists of 5th and 6th graders studying
at the Middle-school. Prior to using the theater performance, 15.7% of students
practiced proper hand-washing technique while after the theater, the ratios
escalated to 33.8%. After the intervention, there was a statistically
significant increase in the ratio of respondents having emphasized the need to
wash hands as shown by the demonstrated technique(p<0.05). İt was
demonstrated that upon performing drama, entertainment and didactic scenarios
integrated theater activities among middle-school students, there was a heightened
level of hand-hygiene awareness toward a manifold of issues in the short term.
In addition it was detected that by teaching the proper technique students
achieved to double increase their knowledge on hand hygiene.
Effects of Different Shaped Baffle Blocks on the Energy Dissipation and the Downstream Scour of a Regulator
Authors: AYDIN M. Cihan , ULU Ali Emre
Published: December 2018

The
scouring problem caused by the flow movement in the downstream areas of
hydraulic structures is an issue that keeps its actuality. In order to prevent
these scouring to occur in the downstream, various typed energy dissipaters are
placed on the downstream of the hydraulic structures. Factors such as sediment
type, the velocity of the stream, and flow regime play an important role in
scouring. In order to prevent scouring, the flow’s energy must be dissipated
before meeting the sediment. In this study, it is aimed to reduce the amount of
scour occurred at the downstream of the weir by using energy dissipaters with
different geometries. The flow and scouring events on the weir were modeled in
two dimensions using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The findings were
compared for different downstream conditions and the results were discussed in
this respect.
Contributions to the Mammal Fauna of Bitlis Province, Turkey
Authors: TOYRAN Kubilay , ADIZEL Özdemir
Published: December 2018

The aim of study is to identify mammal species in the
area and determine factors threatening these species. Field studies were
conducted within different seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter) between 2011-2018
to identify mammal species in Bitlis province. As a result of field studies,
totally 24 species belonging to orders Eulipotyphla, Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, Rodentia,
Carnivora and Artiodactyla were identified.
THE MODELLING STUDY OF AREA MEASUREMENT ACCURACY USING REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES
Authors: Kupriaynov M A , Kochergin G A , Polishchuk Y M
Published: December 2018

Based on the simulation, a relationship was established between the spatial resolution of the satellite image and the relative error in determining the area of the object being measured. The formula is proposed for calculating the relative error of measuring the area of an object using remote sensing techniques. A method for constructing random flat geometric figures with a given shape factor is proposed.
Os objetos educacionais digitais em Linguagem e Interação: avanços, permanências ou retrocessos?
Authors: Silva Luciana Pereira , Rutiquewiski Andreia , Benatti Juliana
Published: December 2018

RESUMO: Este artigo analisa os Objetos Educacionais Digitais que acompanham a coleção didática Linguagem e Interação, indicada ao ensino médio 2018-2020 via Plano Nacional do Livro Didático. Segundo a literatura, esse material digital pode subsidiar as aulas de língua materna a partir da pedagogia dos multiletramentos em substituição a práticas de ensino tradicionais. Para tanto, foram realizadas pesquisas de caráter documental (documentos oficiais de ensino) e bibliográfico (LEFFA, 2006; ANTUNES, 2007; MARCUSCHI, 2008; DIONÍSIO 2011, 2014; ROJO, 2012, 2013, 2017, entre outros). Em seguida, foram analisados os Objetos Educacionais, cotejando-os à fundamentação teórica. Propõe-se, para a caracterização do corpus, dois momentos de análise: 1) a partir das propriedades estabelecidas por Leffa (granularidade, reusabilidade, interoperabilidade e recuperabilidade); e 2) a partir dos fundamentos teórico-metodológicos do ensino de Português como língua materna. Os resultados confirmam que, apesar desse material digital enquadrar-se na definição prototípica, deixa a desejar quanto ao desenvolvimento das habilidades linguísticas dos estudantes com vistas aos multiletramentos.

 

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ensino-aprendizagem de língua materna; tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação; objetos educacionais digitais; multiletramentos.

 

ABSTRACT:This article analyses the Digital Educational Objects which follow the didactic collection Linguagem e Interação, appointed to be used in the middle school 2018-2000 via Plano Nacional do Livro Didático. Based on the current literature, this digital material may help in the mother tongue classes anchored in a multiliteracy pedagogy, replacing traditional practices. In doing so, a research was conducted based on teaching official documents as well as a bibliographic research (LEFFA, 2006; ANTUNES, 2007; MARCUSCHI, 2008; DIONÍSIO, 2011, 2014; ROJO, 2012, 2013, 2017, among others. Then, the Digital Educational Objects were analyzed taking into consideration the chosen theory. It proposes, for the characterization of the corpus, two moments of analysis: 1) from the properties established by Leffa (granularity, reusability, interoperability and recoverability); and 2) from the theoretical-methodological foundations of the teaching of Portuguese as a mother tongue. The results confirm that although this digital material fits in with the prototypical definition, it leaves no room for the development of students' language skills, considering the multiliteracies.

 

KEYWORDS: teaching-learning of mother tongue; digital information and communication technologies; digital educational objects; multiliteracies.
Concepções de aprendizagem de línguas e o Duolingo: uma análise crítica sobre sua proposta e experiências de aprendizes
Authors: Marques-Schäfer Gabriela , Orlando Ana Angélica da Silva
Published: December 2018

RESUMO: O Duolingo é o aplicativo mais baixado no mundo por aprendizes que procuram uma ferramenta digital gratuita e com design atrativo para aprendizagem de línguas. O presente trabalho investiga a concepção de aprendizagem de usuários desse aplicativo e suas propostas, buscando responder à seguinte questão de pesquisa: como aprendizes que usam ou já usaram o aplicativo Duolingo definem suas experiências com aprendizagem de línguas e com as ofertas do aplicativo? A metodologia desta pesquisa é de base qualitativo-interpretativista e alguns dados foram quantificados. O corpus do estudo é composto por dados coletados através de questionário respondido por aprendizes de línguas estrangeiras. Os primeiros resultados apontam não só para um desencontro entre o discurso e a prática do aplicativo, mas também para uma contradição entre o conceito de aprendizagem dos usuários e seus hábitos, bem como para um descontentamento com o aplicativo gerado por diversas razões, como pouca ou quase nenhuma interação e descontextualização de tarefas.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: tecnologia móvel; Duolingo; aprendizagem de línguas.

 

ABSTRACT: Among innumerable digital offers for language learning, Duolingo has been the most downloaded app due to its gratuity and attractive design. Considering this fact, this research aims at answering the following question: (i) How do Duolingo’s users define their experiences with language learning and with the offers provided by the application? The methodology applied on this research is a qualitative-interpretative basis and some data were quantified. The corpus of the study is composed by collected data through a survey form answered by foreign language learners. The primary results point to a disagreement between discourse and practice in the app, and to a contradiction between the learning concept that the apprentices have and the proposals made by the app.

KEYWORDS: mobile technology; Duolingo; language learning.
A robótica livre e o ensino de física e de programação: desenvolvendo um teclado musical eletrônico
Authors: Andrade Thais Gabrielly Marques de , Vicente Zaíne Raquel Santos , Leite Heryverton Araujo Lemos , Cabral Ana Paula Chaves , Baldow Rodrigo , Rocha Nady , Leão Marcelo Brito Carneiro
Published: December 2018

RESUMO: A Robótica tem sido utilizada em algumas pesquisas como recurso tecnológico inovador voltado para a Educação, de forma que a Robótica Livre vem contribuindo por ser mais acessível e permitir que as escolas possam trabalhar com essa tecnologia a partir da reutilização de materiais, outros de baixo custo e softwares livres. A partir dos conceitos defendidos pela Robótica Livre, foi desenvolvido por três estudantes do ensino médio/técnico em informática de uma escola pública, com a colaboração de uma discente da Universidade Federal da Paraíba, um teclado musical elétrico com o objetivo de proporcionar atividades educativas mais criativas e interativas, com o intuito de os alunos aprenderem mais alguns conhecimentos de Física e Programação relacionados ao protótipo. A partir do uso da observação participante como instrumento de pesquisa, verificou-se que esse tipo de prática pedagógica utilizando a Robótica como recurso favorece o ensino de tais matérias, além de proporcionar uma reflexão dos estudantes em relação à conscientização sobre o consumismo e o descarte de materiais. Dessa forma, a Robótica pode ser uma boa ferramenta inovadora a ser utilizada nas escolas, assim como pode mudar a postura dos estudantes como cidadãos.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: robótica livre; ensino de física; programação; tecnologia; Arduino.

 

ABSTRACT: Robotics has been used in some researches as an innovative technological resource for Education, so that Free Robotics has been contributing to be more accessible and allow schools to work with this technology from the reuse of materials, low cost materials and free software. From the concepts defended by the Free Robotics, an electric musical keyboard was developed with the aim of providing more creative and interactive educational activities, so the students could acquire some more knowledge of Physics and Programming related to the prototype. This equipment has been developed by three high school students in public school, with the collaboration of a student of the Federal University of Paraíba - Brazil. From the use of participant observation as a research tool, it was verified that this type of pedagogical practice using Robotics as a resource favors the teaching of such subjects, in addition to providing a reflection of the students in relation to the awareness about consumerism and discarding of materials. In this way, Robotics can be a good innovative tool to be used in schools, as well as changing the posture of students as citizens.

KEYWORDS: free robotics; physics teaching; programming; technology; Arduino.
İmalat Sanayi İşletmelerinde Kurumsal Yönetim Uygulamasının Sermaye Yapısı Üzerine Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: İSKENDEROĞLU Ömer , AKDAĞ Saffet , SAYGIN Oğuz
Published: December 2018

In this study, Debt / Total Assets and Debt / Equity ratios of manufacturing industry enterprises included in BIST corporate governance index are examined annually between the years 2005-2013. In the study, where the relevant ratios have been examined over the years, the direction of change in the capital structure by utilizing corporate governance index with the help of panel and dynamic panel methods has been tried to be explicated. In analyses performed on manufacturing industry enterprises reveal that there is a significant increase both in Debt / Total Assets and Debt / Equity ratios following the inclusion of those enterprises in the corporate governance index. The results of the study indicate a statistically significant increase in the indebtedness of the manufacturing industry enterprises included in the corporate governance index.
Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarında Muhasebe Denetiminin Meslek Ahlakı Üzerindeki Etkisi: Burdur İli Örneği
Authors: APALI Ali , ACUN Özge
Published: December 2018

The effect of accounting audit on professional ethics constitutes the subject of this study. Within this context, it is aimed to investigate the effect of accounting audit on professional ethics in accounting profession. In the study, six hypotheses, one being main hypothesis and five being sub-hypothesis, were established for accounting audit and accounting professional ethics. The normality test, extreme value test, percentage and frequency analysis, Independent t test and regression analyzes were applied to the questionnaires. In addition to determining that the end result has an effect on accounting audit's professional ethics, all the sub-hypotheses established have been accepted.
Türkiye’de Kamu Politikası Oluşturma Sürecinde Yer Alan Reformların Ağbağ Analizi
Authors: Çeliksoy Emine
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışma Türkiye’de 1620-1991 yılları arasında kamu politikası üretme sürecinde önemli birer aktör olan reform çalışmalarının ağbağ analizini ortaya çıkarmak için yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı bu aktörlerin birbirleriyle olan ilişkileri ve bu ilişkilerin ortaya çıkardığı yapıyı incelemektir. Çalışmanın teorik çerçevesi Türkiye’de kamu politikası oluşturulması sürecinde yer alan aktörlerin kimler ve bu aktörler arasındaki ilişkilerin neler olduğunu araştırmak için oluşturulmuştur.Nicel bir çalışmadır. İkincil veriler kullanılmıştır. Risaleler ve raporlar incelenmiştir. Veri toplama yöntemlerinden tarama yöntemi kullanılmış, belgeler üzerinden geçmiş veriler incelenmiştir. Bu yöntem paralelinde ağbağ analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre 1620-1991 yılları arasında geçen sürede saptamalar ve çözüm önerileri güncelliğini korumaktadır. Türk devlet tarihindeki siyasal olaylar kamu politikası süreci açısından daima önem arzetmiştir. Reform çalışmalarına “devleti kurtarmak” penceresinden bakılmaktadır. Bu durum aynı çözüm önerilerinin yinelenmesi sonucunu doğurmaktadır.
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Endüstriyel Ekoloji Kapsamında E-atık Politikaları İçin Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz
Authors: BAŞÜLMEZ Ümit , MEÇİK Oytun
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışma, dünyada ve Türkiye’de uygulanan e-atık politikalarının incelenmesi, sorunların tespit edilmesi ve politika önerileri geliştirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, e-atık politikalarının toplum yaşamındaki önemini vurgulamak için sürdürülebilir kalkınma ve endüstriyel ekolojinin kavramsal çerçevesi netleştirmeye çalışılmıştır. Buna ek olarak, ilgili literatürden hareketle dünyadaki çeşitli politikalar ve bunların sonuçları hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, karar vericilerin ekonomik birimlerin koordine edilmesi için politikalarda aktif bir rol benimsemeleri ve e-atık politikalarının ekonomik, sosyal, çevresel ve sağlık boyutlarında yeni bir önem kazanmasının gerekliliği vurgulanmaktadır.
İslamcılığın Küreselleşme İle İmtihanı
Authors: Arpacı İşıl
Published: December 2018

Küreselleşme dünyadaki her şey ve her yerde olduğu gibi İslam dünyası üzerinde de önemli değişimler meydana getirmiştir. İslam dünyasının 19. yy’den başlayarak uluslararası sisteme gösterdiği tepki olarak İslamcılık, bu kez İslam dünyasının küreselleşme karşısındaki tavrını oluşturup oluşturamayacağı konusunda önemli bir deneyimden geçmektedir. Bu çalışmada küreselleşmenin ekonomik, siyasi ve kültürel akışları karşısında İslamcılığın yakaladığı imkânlar ve karşılaştığı dezavantajlar inceleme konusu yapılarak, konu farklı boyutlarıyla ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır. Küreselleşme
dünyadaki her şey ve her yerde olduğu gibi İslam dünyası üzerinde de önemli değişimler
meydana getirmiştir. İslam dünyasının 19. yy’den başlayarak uluslararası
sisteme gösterdiği tepki olarak İslamcılık, bu kez İslam dünyasının
küreselleşme karşısındaki tavrını oluşturup oluşturamayacağı konusunda önemli
bir deneyimden geçmektedir. Bu çalışmada küreselleşmenin ekonomik, siyasi ve
kültürel akışları karşısında İslamcılığın yakaladığı imkânlar ve karşılaştığı
dezavantajlar inceleme konusu yapılarak, konu farklı boyutlarıyla ele alınmaya
çalışılmıştır.
Bist İmalat Sektörü İşletmelerinde Risk Raporlama
Authors: ÖZŞAHİN KOÇ Filiz , ÖZKAN Azzem
Published: December 2018

Risk raporlama, işletmelerin mevcut ve potansiyel riskleri ile ilgili bilgilerin işletmeyle ilgili kişi ve kurumlara ilan edilmesidir. Yatırımcıların güveninin kazanılması için şirketlerin raporlama uygulamaları önemlidir. Bu kapsamda çalışma, risk raporlamanın işletme düzeyinde belirleyicilerini tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Borsa İstanbul’da (BİST) işlem gören 122 adet şirketin 2013-2015 yılları arasındaki verileri incelenmiştir. Şirketlere ilişkin veriler Kamuyu Aydınlatma Platformundan, şirketlerin web sayfalarında yayınladıkları faaliyet raporları, finansal tablo dipnot ve açıklamaları ile kurumsal yönetim uyum raporlarından, www.isyatirim.com.tr web sayfasından ve datastream veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada işletme büyüklüğü, performansı, risk düzeyi, yabancı payı, halka açıklık oranı, ortaklık yapısı ve kurumsal yönetim özellikleri ile risk açıklamaları arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, işletme büyüklüğünün ve yönetim kurulu yapısının risk açıklamaları üzerinde anlamlı ve pozitif bir etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte işletme performansı, risk düzeyi ve işletmenin sahiplik yapısı ile risk açıklamaları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olmadığı ve risk açıklamalarını etkilemediği belirlenmiştir.
Short-term outcomes in percutaneous cholecystostomies: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jones Owain , Fowler Hayley , Abbott Gian , Saha Shopon , Evans Jim , Monk David
Published: December 2018

Background: Elderly patients account for over 50% of patients presenting with acute cholecystitis. High risk surgical candidates are often treated with a percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) as an alternative to acute surgery. This study aims to determine whether any factor during the index admission with acute calculus cholecystitis treated with PC determines whether a delayed cholecystectomy is performed, in addition to whether there are any predictive factors for the presence of ductal stones or recurrent biliary morbidity.Methods: A single-centred retrospective cohort study on radiologically inserted PCs for calculous cholecystitis between 2011-2017. Patient, radiological, biochemical and microbiological data were collected during the index admission. Primary outcome was whether the patient underwent a cholecystectomy and secondary outcomes included readmission with a further biliary morbidity or ductal stones necessitating an ERCP within 120days of the index cholecystostomy.Results: 32 patients (median age 77years, median Charlson Index 5) underwent PC with a median follow up of 151 days (range 27-1113). PC drain-related morbidity was 58% with no 30-days or in-hospital mortality. Patient age (p=0.007), Charlson Index (p=0.015) and a positive bile culture (p=0.032) were associated with a delayed cholecystectomy (38.7% of patients). There were no predictive variables for recurrent biliary morbidity within 90days (38.7%). CRP (p=0.045), ALP (p=0.035) and ALT (p=0.047) were predictive of the need for an ERCP for CBD stones (32.3%).Conclusions: PC is a safe procedure and is effective in overcoming the acute pathology in this comorbid population. However, the near-term prevalence of CBD stones and risk of further biliary morbidity remains significant suggesting that definitive surgery should be considered in suitable cases.
A clinical study of post operative complications of Lichtenstein’s hernioplasty for inguinal hernia
Authors: Vasu S. , Sagar Kshir
Published: December 2018

Background: Lichtenstein’s hernioplasty is the commonly done surgery for inguinal hernias. The study was done with the objective to evaluate the postoperative complications, and the recurrence rate associated with Lichtenstein’s hernioplasty.Methods: This was a prospective clinical study conducted at Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Bangalore during the period from May 2015 to April 2016. A total of 50 patients with inguinal hernia were included in the study. All the patients underwent Lichtenstein’s hernioplasty. Outcome of the surgery was evaluated by the incidence of postoperative complications and recurrence rate of hernia after 1 year follow up.Results: Intraoperative complications were observed in 3 (6%) patients. Immediate postoperative complication was seen in 6 (12%) cases. Stiffness in lower abdomen was noticed in 13 (26%) cases. The average post-operative hospital stay was 4.06±1.43 days and the average post-operative ambulation time was 1.52±0.64 days. The average time taken to return to work post-operatively was 8.68±2.63 days. Long term complications included are foreign body sensation and chronic pain at operated site. After 1 year follow up the prevalence of both the complications was decreased to 4% and 6% respectively. No recurrence of hernia (0%) was noticed after 1 year follow up.Conclusions: Lichtenstein’s hernioplasty was considered as the best surgical procedure for inguinal hernia repair because of low recurrence rate (0%) and postoperative complications.
Clinical profile of patients with post burn contracture
Authors: Tyagi Arnav , Rajan Manu , Dvivedi Sanjay , Rawat Kinnari A. V.
Published: December 2018

Background: Burns are a major, global public health problem, resulting in an estimated 195,000 deaths annually. Most burns occur in low-and middle-income countries, with almost half occurring in the south-east Asia region. The reasons for the high incidence include widespread ignorance of fire prevention, the rapid increase of poor socio-economic conditions, and the persistence of old traditions and customs.Methods: The study was carried out in Department of Surgery, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, SRH University, Swami Ram Nagar, Dehradun over a period of 12months. Cases of the post burn contractures attended in the O.P.D were included in the study.Results: A total of 45 patients were included in the study. Of these, 22 (48.8%) were males and 23 (51.2%) were females. Ages ranged from 1 to 55year. Flame burn (20 cases = 44.4%) was the most common type of initial burn insult followed by scald burns (14 cases=31.1%).Conclusions: The pitfalls in initial burn care that lead to contractures in the patients include the failure to institute adequate surgical management of deep burns, the lack of physiotherapy/ROM exercises, and failure to provide proper anti-deformity splint age. There is need to revisit the prevalent acute burn care practices and establish focused preventive strategies.
A socio-demographic study of esophagus carcinoma at a tertiary care hospital of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Akulwar Akshay , Akulwar Anil , Rao Siddarth , Narang Ravinder
Published: December 2018

Background: Esophageal cancer incidence rates vary internationally from region to region. Esophageal cancer is usually 3 to 4 times more common among men than women. The present study was carried out to find out the socio-demographic determinants of esophageal cancer in a tertiary care teaching hospital of central part of India. A retrospective study was carried at tertiary care center in rural part of central India for a period of 6years (2007-2013).Methods: A total of 703 patients suffering with different kind of carcinoma were reported at the hospital of which 255 were retrieved as patients having esophageal carcinoma and reviewed. Patient history and profile like habits and socio-demographic records were collected and assessed. Majority of patients was on mixed diet. Out of 703 patients suffering with carcinoma in a specified period of six years, 255 patients had esophageal cancer.Results: Data reveals predominance of males (51.76) over females (48.24). Majority of peoples belongs to remote areas with a history of chewing tobacco, smoking and consumption of alcohols. The present study shows that esophageal cancer constitutes 32.27% of GIT cancer cases reported in research hospital. Dysphagia and loss of weight were very commonly observed symptoms. Ulceration, lumen narrowing, and wall thickening were also assessed in some patients. Mostly lower and middle esophagus was found to have cell growth.Conclusions: It was concluded from the data, that government must take efforts to improve socio-economic status of peoples standing in remote areas so as to potentially reduce the risk factors causing the disease and increase a public awareness among the peoples.
Parameters for therapeutic laparotomy in blunt trauma abdomen
Authors: Ahmad Younis , Qadri Arshid Iqbal , Ganie Iqtibas Ahmad , Rashid Muqtasid , Bhat Gowhar Aziz
Published: December 2018

Background: The rapid identification of potentially life threatening intra-abdominal injury is critical for patients who sustain blunt abdominal trauma. There has been a shift from operative to non-operative management (NOM) in hemodynamically stable blunt trauma abdomen patients. The aim of present study was to determine the certain clinical and radiological parameters for therapeutic laparotomy (TL) in blunt trauma abdomen in adult patients.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on victims of blunt trauma who presented to our level II Emergency Department from May 2012 to June 2014. Their clinical, laboratory and radiological parameters were collected, evaluated and analyzed. A previously developed ultrasound scoring system was applied to FAST findings. Patients were followed to determine if they underwent TL or NOM.Results: A total of 7750 polytrauma patients with suspected blunt trauma abdomen underwent FAST. 338 (4.36%) patients had a positive FAST, out of which 144 were included, 93 (64.58%) patients were selected for NOM, and 51 (35.4%) patients underwent TL. NOM was successful in 76 (81.73%) patients, whereas 17 (18.27%) failed NOM and were operated. Using recursive partitioning analysis, the most important predictor for a TL, was whether the patient has an ED SBP of ≤90mmHg while other parameters include, ED pulse rate >110/min; total fast score >3; large amount of hemoperitoneum; presence of abdominal guarding, pallor and polytrauma.Conclusions: There are certain immediately available clinical, and radiological parameters, which if validated by a prospective, large sample size study could help in deriving a decision rule or even a scoring system that would determine the need for therapeutic laparotomy in blunt trauma abdomen patients.
A study to analyses the clinical features and various treatment modalities of varicose veins of lower limbs
Authors: Nayak Santosh , M. S. Parthiban
Published: December 2018

Background: Varicose veins are defined by WHO as abnormally dilated saccular or cylindrical superficial veins, which can be circumscribed or segmental. This includes tiny spider telangiectasia’s as well as grossly dilated saphenous varicosities. It involves at least 1 out of 5 in the world and with increasing population, increased life span and change in life style, the problem is ever growing. The objective of this study is to analyse the clinical features and various treatment modalities adopted for the management of varicose veins of 40 has some form of varicosity or telangiectasia of the veins.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in CG hospital and Bapuji hospital attached to JJM Medical College, Davangere from June 2009 to May 2011. A total of 40 cases were included in the study duration. All patients who presented to the outpatient department with signs and symptoms of primary varicose veins were interviewed with preformed performa, meticulously examined and later subjected to color doppler studies before they underwent surgery for the same.Results: The incidence of varicose veins was seen most commonly in male when compared to female in this study. The family history of varicose veins was seen in only 12.5% of the subjects. In this study patients presented with varied symptoms, out of which dilated veins was most common 37 (92.5%) patients followed by aching pain 22 patients (55%).Conclusions: Varicosity of the lower limb is a common clinical entity. The number of cases reporting to the hospital is much less than the real incidence because in the absence of symptoms due to varicose veins patients do not seek treatment in our country. Most of the patient presented to the hospital for one or the other complications not for the cosmetic purpose.
Functional outcome and complications of palliative transurethral resection of prostate (pTURP): 5years single centre (Eastern India) experience
Authors: Maiti Krishnendu , Kapoor Kunal , Pal Dilip Kumar
Published: December 2018

Background: Notable number of prostatic carcinoma patients presented with bladder outlet obstruction. Among various treatment options like antiandrogen therapy, catheterisation, laser therapy, prostatic stent and pTURP, pTURP offers expeditious relief of symptoms. As, there is paucity of literature regarding outcome and complication of pTURP in Indian context. So, author did single centre indication (of surgery) matched retrospective case control study to know functional outcomes and morbidity of pTURP in eastern Indian population.Methods: Author did retrospective review of 29 patients who underwent pTURP during study period (January 2013 to January 2018) after exclusion. Same number of TURP (for benign disease) patients were selected. Functional outcome and complications of pTURP were compared with TURP group. Author also tried to find factors associated with un-favourable outcomes.Results: Despite of older pTURP group patients, operative duration, post-operative hospital stay, post-operative catheter duration and post-op maximum urinary flow rate, were statistically similar to TURP group. However, statistically similar but clinically more complication was noted in pTURP arm in terms of failed voiding trial, incontinence and re-operation rate. One capsular tear was noted only in TURP arm. Eight patients developed unfavourable outcome (1 persistent incontinence, 5 needed re-surgery and 2 required re-catheterisation in follow up period). Higher PSA, longer operative time and hormone refractory metastatic prostatic carcinoma were found to be associated with unfavourable outcome.Conclusions: pTURP is safe and effective procedure to relieve bladder outlet obstruction. Hormone refractory status, higher PSA and prolonged operative time may be risk factors of poor outcome.
Evaluation of patient related modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in causation of surgical site infection in various abdominal surgeries
Authors: Agrawal Abhinav , Madeshiya Shivam , Khan Roshni , Tripathi Shashank S. , Bharadwaj Gaurav
Published: December 2018

Background: Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is second commonest nosocomial complication in surgical speciality. Majority of surgical wounds are contaminated by microbes, but in most cases, infection does not develop because innate host defense are quite efficient in elimination of contaminants. The objective of this study was to evaluate patient related risk factors in causation of surgical site infection in various abdominal surgeries.Methods: All patients who admitted in surgical OPD/emergency and undergoing abdominal surgical procedures were included in study. This observational study was comprised of 952 subjects. Patients were observed in wards and during follow up to assess signs and symptoms of surgical site infection.Results: Result were analysed in terms of age, sex, distribution of cases based on case scenario (elective v/s emergency), wound class, type of surgery (laparoscopic v/s open), smoking, diabetes, duration of surgery, complete hemogram before and after blood transfusion, number of blood transfusions, albumin, blood sugar level, discharge from surgical site, number of days of drains, stoma  and hospital stay.Conclusions: Surgical site infection in emergency cases were found to be higher as compared to elective cases. Occurrence of SSI proportionately increased with degree of contamination, duration of surgery and age of patients. Laparoscopic procedures showed fewer incidences of surgical site infection as compared to open procedures. Various factors showed statistically significant association with surgical site infections were diabetes, smoking, blood transfusions, haemoglobin and albumin levels. Presence of stomas and drains were associated with increased incidence of SSI but could not be proven statistically.
Accidental prostatic stone finding after urinary catheterization failure during hernia surgery
Authors: Chondros Kostas , Mari Victoria , Lianeris Georgios , Hatzikosta Sevasti , Kalogridaki Marina , Graikos Konstantinos
Published: December 2018

Urethral stones represent a rare cause of urinary obstruction and they are usually symptomatic. In older patients with bladder outlet obstruction, bladder stones are commonly found and managed accordingly. Intraprostatic stone formation is also a common finding in men with benign prostate hyperplasia but rarely is it a factor for obstruction. On the contrary, large stone formation in the prostatic urethra is a rare entity, and patients present with hematuria, dysuria, infection or retention in most of the cases. Patients previously submitted to urological procedures such as prostatectomy or lithotripsy, are at high risk of developing late complications and need a long follow-up. In cases with obstruction due to urethral stones the management is straightforward but in asymptomatic patients the diagnosis is usually missed or delayed. Therefore, careful evaluation of the patient is essential in order to prevent any unwanted situation such as catheterization failure. Authors’ present a case of an 82-year-old male who accidentally diagnosed with a large stone impacted in the prostatic cavity after urinary catheterization failure during a scheduled open hernia repair surgery. The patient had a history of previous open prostatectomy and he was completely asymptomatic. An emergency cystoscopic evaluation revealed the cause of the prostatic urethral obstruction. The urinary stone was subsequently managed endoscopically on the spot.
Perforated appendicitis with peri-appendicular abscess within an incisional hernia: a report of an unusual case
Authors: Kabir Tousif , Yong Wong Kar
Published: December 2018

Amyand’s hernia is a rare phenomenon referring to the presence of an appendix within an inguinal hernia. Hernial appendicitis occurs even more rarely in 0.07-0.13% of cases. Cases have been described in incisional hernias of laparoscopic port sites, nephrectomies and various other incisions. Author described an unusual case of an elderly lady who presented with nausea, fever and a tender abdominal mass over a previous paramedian incision. She was thought to have an incarcerated incisional hernia and was counselled for emergency surgical repair. Intra-operatively, she was found to have a perforated appendicitis with a large peri-appendicular abscess within an incisional hernia. The base of the appendix was unhealthy thus a limited right hemicolectomy was performed and the hernia was repaired primarily. Such cases present atypically and present a diagnostic challenge. Delays in recognition and timely intervention may lead to high morbidity and mortality. The authors hoped to raise awareness of this condition and contribute to the medical literature surrounding this unusual pathology.
A case of left undescended testis with ipsilateral ectopic kidney
Authors: Mitra Arti , Araujo Prenoy , Chandak Unmed
Published: December 2018

Undescended testis is one of the most common congenital anomalies in newborns. Incidence of this is anywhere between 1.6% and 9.0%. The incidence dramatically drops to 0.9-1.8% at 3 months of age. This is due to the spontaneous descent of the testes. The complications of undescended testes are infertility and malignant transformation. A 29-year-old unmarried male patient came to the hospital with complained of absent of left testis within scrotal sac since birth and a left inguinal swelling since 1 year with no other complaints. On examination, the left scrotal sac was empty. The right side scrotum was normal and testis was palpable within scrotal sac. On USG, examination findings were confirmed Left testis seen in relation to lower pole of left kidney in left inguinal region with normal echo texture s/o left ectopic testis. Left kidney in pelvic region at paramedian location with hilum facing anteromedially s/o left ectopic kidney. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention is key so as to preserve the undescended testis and prevent malignant change or infertility problems. It is imperative that all tests be done to assess kidney function.
Modelling of multilayer dielectric filters based on TiO2/SiO2 and TiO2/MgF2 for flourescence microscopy imaging
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Butt M. , Fomchenkov S. ,   Samara National Research University,   Image Processing Systems Institute оf the RAS – Branch of the FSRC “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Ullah A. ,   Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Habib M. ,   Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Ali R. ,   Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS)
Published: December 2018

We report a design for creating multilayer dielectric optical filters based on TiO2 and SiO2/MgF2 alternating layers. We have selected Titanium dioxide (TiO2) for high refractive index (2.5), Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and Magnesium fluoride (MgF2) as a low refractive index layer (1.45 and 1.37) respectively. Miniaturized visible spectrometers are useful for quick and mobile characterization of biological samples. Such devices can be fabricated by using Fabry-Perot (FP) filters consisting of two highly reflecting mirrors with a central cavity in between. Distributed Bragg Re-flectors (DBRs) consisting of alternating high and low refractive index material pairs are the most commonly used mirrors in FP filters, due to their high reflectivity. However, DBRs have high re-flectivity for a selected range of wavelengths known as the stopband of the DBR. This range is usually much smaller than the sensitivity range of the spectrometer. Therefore, bandpass filters are required to restrict the wavelength outside the stopband of the FP DBRs. The proposed filter shows high quality with an average transmission of 97 % within the passbands and the transmission outside the passband is around 3 %. Special attention has been given to keep the thickness of the filters within the economic limits. It can be suggested that these filters are exceptionally promising for florescence imaging and narrow-band imaging endoscopy.
Applications of Deep Learning in Financial Intermediation: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Suntaxi-Sarango M C , Ordoñez-Ordoñez P F , Pesantez-González M A
Published: December 2018

.
Security Policies to Mitigate Attacks VLAN Hopping in the Data Link Layer of LA Networks
Authors: Pilamunga N , Mantilla C , Arellano A , Vaca B , Mendez P , Hidalgo B , Layedra N
Published: December 2018

.