bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice about Oral Health in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases - An Original Study
Authors: Pinnamaneni Sai Prashanth , Kumar Shubham , Abrol Surbhi , Brar Rajwinder Singh , Khudare Prasad Anand , Gautam Nivedita
Published: June 2021

Background:

Lack of exercise and change in diet habits and urbanization had led to the rapid increase in the case of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Study was conducted to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) about oral health in patients with CVDs.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted among 172 CVDs patients. Oral health indices (OHIs) such as OHI, decay-missing-filled, and periodontal disease index were recorded. KAP components were categorized into poor, moderate, and good.

Results:

Out of 172 patients, males were 102 and females were 70, age group 30–60 years had 46 and >60 years had 126 patients. Thirty-four were illiterate, 72 had up to primary and 46 had up to secondary and 20 had degree, 104 were married and 68 were unmarried. Resident was urban in 110 and rural in 62 and financial status was very good in 26, good in 50, and moderate in 96. Females had higher KAP score than males; however, the difference was nonsignificant (P > 0.05). As the age advanced, KAP score increased (P < 0.05), patients living in urban area had significantly higher KAP score than living in rural area, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Patients with very good financial status had significantly higher KAP score than living in rural area (P < 0.05). As the education level increased, KAP score increased, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Authors found that patients with CVDs had moderate knowledge and attitude, but the practice was poor. There is need to educate the people about the importance of oral hygiene and their subsequent effect on general body.
Knowledge, Perception, and Attitude on Conservative and Endodontic Practice on COVID Pandemic Situation: A Qualitative Research
Authors: Khatore Sumit , Kathuria Sakshi , Rawat Manoj Kumar , Thakare Amar Ashok , Abrol Surbhi , Pinnamaneni Sai Prashanth , Tiwari Rahul VinayChandra
Published: June 2021

Aim:

The purpose of our study was to analyze the knowledge and attitude of conservative as well as endodontic practice among dental professionals during coronavirus pandemic situation.

Methodology:

A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months among 1256 dental surgeons, which included 400 MDS and 856 BDS dentists. Questionnaire assessed knowledge of the participants about COVID-19, risk assessment about the pandemic, preparedness of the participants, as well as specific precautions in cases which require conservative and endodontic treatment strategies against COVID-19.

Results:

It was observed that around 83% of the study participants felt that rubber dams are a useful tool to prevent cross-infections, even COVID-19. However, COVID-19 prevention techniques such as use of low-speed handpiece and chemicomechanical techniques were preferred by a smaller number of participants: 25% of participants by former, only 12% for the latter. To prevent aerosol splatter, use of high-volume suction was preferred by 49% of dental surgeons.

Conclusion:

In our study, we concluded that dental surgeons, who come under high risk category; had good basic knowledge about COVID-19 disease process as well as transmission. However, it is imperative that these clinicians need to be extra cautious in handling cases during this pandemic time and limit the disease spread as well.
COVID and Animal Trials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Moothedath Muhamood , Muhamood Muhaseena , Bhosale Yadnit S. , Bhatia Aseem , Gupta Pranav , Reddy Medapati Rama Haranadha , Tiwari Rahul V. C.
Published: June 2021

Extensive work is being done to form targeted drugs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection; however, it is imperative to have a safe and effective vaccine against the same to win the war against this pandemic. For creating an efficacious vaccine, a proper animal model needs to be selected which can have an acceptable similarity of response as well as effects when administered to humans. For the present research, extensive search was conducted in MEDLINE and bioRxiv and medRxiv servers which were published in the English language from January 1, 2020, to August 20, 2020. Search terms included animal models, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, immune response against coronavirus, nonhuman primates, mice, ferrets, and macaques. In our study, creating an adequate immune response mimicking the response as in humans, as the endpoint, was considered as inclusion criterion while assessment of any additional therapies like safety as well as minimal tolerable dose using animal models as well as formation of adequate sample size of these models against COVID-19 was not considered. In our search, 163 articles were shortlisted, of them only 20 articles were finally included in our study which addressed to our inclusion and exclusion criterion. Our research articles focused on nonhuman primates, mice, hamsters, ferrets, cats, and dogs, with the main goal to investigate the role of animal models in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. It was evident in our research that animal models only mimic limited signs and symptoms experienced in COVID infection as compared to infections in humans. However, they are still essential to understand the pathogenesis, transmissibility of viral particles, and vaccine testing.
Assessment of Separation Impact and Perception of Discomfort on Various Orthodontic Separators: A Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Shamsuddin Shaheen Vilayil , Alshahrani Sami , Sam George , Jeri Sumaya Yousuf , Ranjan Bhuyan Sriram Kirti , Mahanta Deviprasad
Published: June 2021

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the extent of separation and perception of pain and discomfort with the use of three different orthodontic separators.

Materials and Methods:

A total of sixty participants (26 males and 34 females) aged between 18 and 25 years were enrolled in this study. Participants were divided into three experimental groups: Group I: elastomeric separator, Group II: Dumbbell separators, and Group III: Kesling Separators. All the participants were asked to revisit 24 h after separator placement, and the effect of separation obtained by three different types of separators was measured. The space generated between premolars and molars was recorded separately on days 1, 3, and 7. The visual analog scales were used to assess pain.

Results:

The mean age in Dumbbell separators group was slightly more (23.32 ± 2.28) compared to Kesling Separators and Elastomeric separator group (22.46 ± 1.20 and 21.10 ± 1.19 years, respectively). The extent of separation on days 1, 3, and 7 was more in Group II study participants (0.20 ± 0.02, 0.32 ± 0.05, and 0.48 ± 0.07 mm, respectively) compared to other groups. A statistically significant (P = 0.022) difference was noted on day 7 in terms of no pain being recorded more in Group II participants, followed next by Groups III and I.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that the Dumbbell separators produce acceptable separation with negligible pain and discomfort when compared to elastomeric separators and Kesling separators.
Association of Dental Neglect Scale and Severity of Dental Caries among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Athira S. , Vallabhan Chitra Girija , Sivarajan Sujith , Dithi C. , Swathy Anand P. J. , Chandran Thara
Published: June 2021

Aims:

The aim of this study is to assess the utilization of available dental services and home dental care practices in a sample of nursing students and to seek out the correlation if any, between the Dental Neglect Scale (DNS) scores and severity of dental caries.

Subjects and Methods:

The study was conducted among 630 nursing students aged 18–21 years from the area of South Bangalore. The study was cross-sectional in design and a convenience sampling method was adopted to get the desired sample size. A prestructured questionnaire was administered to the students in their classrooms. Following this, a brief oral examination was conducted using mouth mirror and light for the detection of any visible carious lesions.

Results:

The dental attendance variable was found to be significantly associated with the DNS scores (P < 0.001). The DNS scores were significantly higher (P < 0.001) among those who had visible caries than those who do not. A very good correlation was obtained between scores of DNS and the caries severity (P < 0.001, r = 0.773).

Conclusions:

The DNS can be a very good predictor of the dental attendance pattern as well as clinically assessed severity of carious lesions.
A Study of Creatinine Level among Patients with Dyslipidemia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using Multilayer Perceptron and Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Ghazali Farah Muna Mohamad , W Ahmad Wan Muhamad Amir , Srivastava Kumar Chandan , Shrivastava Deepti , Noor Nor Farid Mohd , Akbar Nurul Asyikin Nizam , Aleng Nor Azlida , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: June 2021

Background and Objective:

Dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for coronary heart disease with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic dyslipidemia is correlated with reduced concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated concentrations of plasma triglycerides, and increased concentrations of dense small particles of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Furthermore, dyslipidemia is one of the factors that accelerate renal failure in patients with nephropathy that is observed to be higher in these patients. This paper aims to propose the variable selection using the multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network methodology before performing the multiple linear regression (MLR) modeling. Dataset consists of patient with Dyslipidemia, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus was selected to illustrate the design-build methodology. According to clinical expert's opinion and based on their assessment, these variables were chosen, which comprises the level of creatinine, urea, total cholesterol, uric acid, sodium, and HbA1c.

Materials and Methods:

At the first stage, all the selected variables will be a screen for their clinical important point of view, and it was found that creatinine has a significant relationship to the level of urea reading, a total of cholesterol reading, and the level of uric acid reading. By considering the level of significance, α = 0.05, these three variables are being selected and used for the input of the MLP model. Then, the MLR is being applied according to the best variable obtained through MLP process.

Results:

Through the testing/out-sample mean squared error (MSE), the performance of MLP was assessed. MSE is an indication of the distance from the actual findings from our estimates. The smallest MSE of the MLP shows the best variable selection combination in the model.

Conclusion:

In this research paper, we also provide the R syntax for MLP better illustration. The key factors associated with creatinine were urea, total cholesterol, and uric acid in patients with dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Comparative Study of Tooth Size and Arch Dimensions in Class I Crowded, Proclined Malocclusion and Class I Normal Occlusion
Authors: Devakrishnan Dhayanithi , Gnansambandam Vimala , Kandasamy Saravanan , Sengottuvel Nagalakshmi , Kumaragurubaran Preethi , Rajasekaran Maivizhi
Published: June 2021

Aim:

The objectives are to compare the extent and to find whether it is arch dimension or tooth size that contributes to a greater extent to malocclusions such as dental crowding and proclination.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 90 pretreatment models were selected and divided into three groups, namely uncrowded (Group-A), crowded (Group B), and proclination (Group-C). Measurements obtained were: (1) The largest mesiodistal width of each tooth on each arch (except the second and third molars), (2) Buccal inter-canine and inter-molar widths, (3) Lingual inter-canine and inter-molar widths, (4) Arch perimeters, and (5) Arch length.

Results:

The mesiodistal teeth dimensions were higher in crowded and proclination group. Both inter canine width and inter molar width of maxilla were reduced in crowded group. Maxillary and mandibular arch perimeter and arch lengths were higher proclination group.
Efficacy of Routinely used Analgesics in Management of Pulpal Pain Postoperatively a Clinical Study
Authors: Thota Lavanya , Bansal Rahul , Thota Gunaranjan , Chikkanna Meena Kumari , Shanab Hanan , Kumari Vinutha V.
Published: June 2021

Aim:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of various routinely used analgesics in the management of pulpal pain preoperatively.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 150 patients were randomly selected and divided into five groups each. At initial visit, a self-administered questionnaire was given, and patients were asked to mark on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) indicating severity of pain at that moment which is taken as a pretreatment VAS score. Group I patients received aceclofenac + paracetamol, Group II: ketorolac tromethamine, Group III: lornoxicam + paracetamol, Group IV: tramadol + paracetamol, and Group V: paracetamol. All the patients are requested to record their pain levels at 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 48 h by means of VAS scores before and after treatment.

Results:

There was no significant decrease in frequency of pain when compared in the first three groups, whereas in Group III and Group IV, the patients experienced an effective reduction in pain because of sustained releasing ability of these drugs. Overall, there was no statistically significant differences among all the groups.

Conclusion:

This study suggests that there was no significant difference in reduction of pain preoperatively. However, lornoxicam + paracetamol and tramadol + paracetamol were effective because of their sustained releasing ability. Ketorolac was effective to reduce the pain for shorter duration. Paracetamol can be advised in compromised patients where safety is concerned.
Influence of Occlusal Bite Forces on Teeth with Altered Periodontal Support: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Stress Analysis
Authors: Agrawal Richa , Narang Sumit , Ahmed Hina , Prasad Shyam , Reddy Shyamsunder , Aila Shivaramakrishna
Published: June 2021

Background:

Masticatory forces generate various degrees of stress and strain in the periodontium of teeth which determine the clinical functions and load-bearing capacity of the teeth. There are few in vitro studies that have analyzed stress generated due to combined forces acting on the teeth. Thus, the objective of the present study was to do a comparative analysis of the influence of various stresses on the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone of maxillary central incisor with normal bone height and reduced bone height under simulated standard masticatory using finite element stress analysis.

Methodology:

A 3D model of the tooth was obtained with the help of ANSYS software. These models were subjected to various oblique forces, i.e., 100N and 235.9N, applied at 45° angle on the lingual surface of the maxillary central incisor and stress values were recorded in three dimensions. The results from FE analysis were analyzed using 3D Von Mises Criteria.

Results:

It was observed that in healthy periodontium; it was observed that among the periodontal structure studied, the maximum stress levels were exerted on root followed by cortical bone, cancellous bone, and PDL, irrespective of the force, as compared to the diseased periodontium, in which the bone height was reduced, the maximum stresses were on root followed by cortical bone, PDL, and cancellous bone.

Conclusion:

The main factor governing the success of any periodontal procedure depends on the height of the remaining bone and the amount of force exerted on to the tooth and the stress generated within the tooth. The finite element method could be of substantial importance in this respect as it can assess the stresses of various occlusal forces on the periodontal ligament, root, cortical bone, and cancellous bone of teeth in a periodontally healthy and diseased state.
Apexification and Repair of Root Fracture with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate – A Case Report with 5-Year Follow-up
Authors: Annamalai Sankar , Hariharavel V. P. , Ramar Kavitha , Samuel Victor
Published: June 2021

Young patients are most susceptible to trauma which involves teeth and their supporting structures. Severity can vary from simple enamel fracture to complete tooth avulsion. The treatment modality ranges from a noninvasive procedure to surgical intervention. The present case report describes the unique management, 5-year follow-up, and prognosis of a 10-year-old child diagnosed with lateral luxation and horizontal apical root fracture of maxillary central incisor with open apex.
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Clinical Characteristics with Special Emphasis on Etiological Criteria
Authors: Goel Nancy , Jha Shruti , Bhol Subhasmita , Dash Bhagabati Prasad , Sarangal Heena , Namdev Ritu
Published: June 2021

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is an entity to describe the enamel defects of the first permanent molars with the involvement of one or more incisors due to an underlying systemic cause. It is a frequently encountered challenge by dentists in a dental clinic and dental complications affecting patient's quality of life. Early diagnosis is the key to protect and prevent the deterioration of the condition. This article aims to highlight different aspects of etiology to treatment options in young patients related to MIH.
Perception of Dental Students on Gender Preferences in Career Choice, Plans, and Expectations in Dentistry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Pullishery Fawaz , Alhejoury Hajer Ayed , Ahmed Turki Hamza , Allugmani Wysal Abdullah , Alrowaily Ghada Sultan , Aljohani Dareen Dhaifullah , Alshehab Bassam Abdullah
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Gender-based preferences are common in dental practice and maybe even more prevalent in academic dentistry. A large number of females have been entering the practice of general dentistry for the past two decades. The present study was done to assess dental students' perception of gender preferences in dentistry using a questionnaire in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

A survey was conducted using a pretested questionnaire among dental interns pursuing their internship at different dental schools in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaires were distributed to 482 interns who were willing to participate in the survey. All the responses were collected, tabulated, and analyzed accordingly using appropriate statistical methods.

Results:

Four hundred and eighty-two dental interns (180 males and 302 females) responded to the survey. Most female interns (68%) prefer female patients for their treatments to the opposite gender. Seventy-five percent of the male interns felt more capable than females to handle stress and workload associated with branches such as prosthodontics, surgery, and implantology. 52.1% felt that female students fared well in academics.

Conclusion:

The present study shows that more females are taking up this profession in the current situation. It also shows that females are as competitive as males in dentistry and that most of the dental interns want to take up postgraduation after completion of the course. Both males and females are given equal working space and respect in this field of dentistry.
Comparative Evaluation of Periodontal Osseous Defects Using Direct Digital Radiography and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Mark Ruhi , Mohan Ranjana , Gundappa M , Balaji M. D. Saravana , Vijay V. K. , Umayal M.
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

To evaluate and compare the accuracy of Direct Digital Radiography (DDR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in determination and diagnosis of periodontal osseous defects.

Methods:

A nonrandomized in vivo study was conducted to compare the two imaging modalities, DDR and CBCT, for the diagnosis of periodontal osseous defects. Comparison was made between the linear measurements of DDR and CBCT images with the actual measurements of various osseous defects during surgical exposure (Gold standard).

Results:

The results of the present study demonstrated the difference in the mean values of the DDR and surgical exposure measurements of periodontal osseous defects, whereas comparable mean values were found between the CBCT and surgical exposure measurements, with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) being found between each modality.

Conclusion:

CBCT proved to be an indispensable imaging tool in detecting and quantifying periodontal defects and furcation involvement more precisely and could provide additional benefits over the traditional radiography for clinical and postsurgical evaluation.
Regenerative Endodontic Therapy in the Management of Nonvital Immature Permanent teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shaik Izaz , Tulli Malti , Unnam Priyanka , Karunakaran Sangeetha , Vaddi Durga Susmitha , Jabeen Rafiya , Tiwari Rahul Vinay Chandra
Published: June 2021

This meta-analysis is intended to evaluate the reliability of evidences published in current regenerative endodontic publications in a critical way. This meta-analysis is used to summarize and analyze the various clinical and radiographic findings associated with nonvital immature permanent teeth which have been treated with regenerative endodontic techniques. We also intend to significantly evaluate the worth of facts provided in the previous published literature. A structured electronic search by authors was undertaken in August 2020 using MEDLINE and PubMed search engine. The chosen parameters studied in this systematic review were presented in flowcharts and were summarized. We observed a good accomplishment rates in terms of survival of the treated tooth and also in resolution of any associated pathology in the apical areas; on contrary, our results in relation to apex closure along with constant root development, our findings from various studies were quiet variable. Regenerative endodontic procedures are constantly being restructured and enhanced to benefit present-day dentistry in all likely ways. Still, many factors that are important for the success of regenerative endodontic treatment outcomes still remain unexplained. There are still numerous gaps in our expertise at the present stage of this study.
Analysis of Geometric Proportions on Maxillary Anterior Teeth for Esthetic Smile Design: An In vivo Study
Authors: Varghese Pinky , Cherian Babu , Sukumaran Binsu , Anu Sreena , Jacob Basil M , Raja Vighnesh Varma
Published: June 2021

Background and Objectives:

The maxillary central incisor is the dominant element of anterior dental composition and hence should be restored or replaced with proper proportion of width and length for better aesthetic results. However, the literature is not clear regarding verifiable guidelines for the determination of proportions of the teeth. The aim of this study was to investigate the existence and suitability of Golden Rectangle, Recurring Aesthetic Dental Proportion, and Golden percentage between the widths of maxillary anterior teeth in individuals with natural dentition, with the aid of digital photographs and computer analysis.

Material and Methods:

Frontal full-face digital photographs of the subjects (in smile) were made under standardized conditions using a digital camera and a tripod stand was used to place and orient the camera in the standardized position (camera was positioned 1 meter away from the patient; and the lens of the camera was adjusted at the patients' lip level). Imaging software (Adobe Photoshop CS5; Adobe Systems, Inc, San Jose, Calif.) was used to mark the anatomic landmarks and to digitally analyze the photograph. The entire process of proportion analysis was done by a single observer.

Results:

The RED proportion was not found to exist between the six maxillary anterior teeth. The values suggested in the golden percentage were not applicable on the subjects of this study. However, a slight modification of these percentages can be adopted taking into consideration the ethnicity differences of the subjects in this study. The values obtained were 24%, 15%, 11% in males and 23%, 15%, and 11% in females. Golden rectangle concept can be used for choosing dimensions of maxillary central incisors which are esthetically pleasing.

Conclusion:

RED proportion is an unsuitable methods to relate the successive widths of the maxillary anterior teeth. The golden percentage theory seems to be applicable to relate the successive widths of the maxillary anterior teeth if percentages are adjusted taking into consideration the ethnicity of the population. Golden rectangle concept is suitable for choosing dimensions of maxillary central incisors which are esthetically pleasing.
Assessment of White Spots with Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence in Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontics
Authors: Kumar Harshal , Sharma Kanchan , Kumari Archana , Singh Sonakshi , Nandi Mrinal Kumar , Banerjee Kankana Lahiri
Published: June 2021

Background:

The present study determined white spots with the help of quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) in patients undergoing fixed orthodontics.

Materials and Methods:

Sixty-four patients undergoing fixed orthodontics above 12 years underwent debonding, and the presence of carious lesion was assessed at baseline and after 6 weeks, 6 months, and 2 years. QLF images were taken with intraoral fluorescence camera. QLF images were examined visually for signs of demineralization, and scoring system was used.

Results:

It is found that there was fluorescence loss over a period of time. The median sum of fluorescence loss per patient was 55.6% and 29.2% and 101.4% at quartiles at baseline which changed to 51.2% and 26.5% at the first quartile and 101.4% at the second quartile. At 2 years, it was 43.7% and at the first quartile was 22.1% and at the second quartile was 99.1%. There was significant improvement at T2 (P < 0.05), however, between baseline and F1 and between F1 and F2, there was nonsignificant improvement (P > 0.05). The median value for total lesion area per patient was 3.6 mm2 with quartiles 1.2 mm2 and 8.2 mm2 at baseline, 2.6 mm2 with quartiles 0.7 mm2 and 6.3 mm2 at 6 weeks, 2.3 mm2 with quartiles 0.7 mm2 and 6.3 mm2 at 6 months, and 1.8 mm2 with quartiles 0.5 mm2 and 5.8 mm2 at 2 years which was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The authors found that white spots during fixed orthodontic treatment and after debonding is a common phenomenon. Although there was improvement in disappearance of these lesions, complete removal cannot be ensured.
Assessment of Titanium Level in Submucosal Plaque Around Healthy Implants and Implants with Peri-implantitis: A Clinical Study
Authors: Rasul Juzer , Thakur Manoj Kumar , Maheshwari Barkha , Aga Nausheen , Kumar Harsh , Mahajani Monica
Published: June 2021

Background:

The present study focused on assessing the level of titanium in submucosal plaque in the peri-implant area with peri-implantitis in comparison to healthy implants.

Methodology:

Sixty patients with titanium dental implants were recruited. The degree of titanium in submucosal plaque around peri-implantitis and healthy implants was estimated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results:

The mean ± standard deviation probing depth in Group I was 3.12 ± 1.1 and in Group II was 7.2 ± 2.5; gingival index was 0.64 ± 0.3 and 1.64 ± 0.8 in Group I and Group II, respectively. The plaque index was 0.82 ± 0.2 in Group I and 1.5 ± 0.6 in Group II. The mean plaque mass in Group I was 24.1 ± 3.8 ng/ul and 49.3 ± 6.4 ng/ul in Group II. The mean titanium level in Group I was 0.08 ± 0.02 μg and in Group II was 0.91 ± 0.04 μg. A highly significant difference between both groups was found (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

There was a significantly higher titanium level in submucosal plaque around dental implants with signs of peri-implantitis as compared to healthy dental implants.
Influence of Inter-Radicular Septal Bone Quantity in Primary Stability of Immediate Molar Implants with Different Length and Diameter Placed in Mandibular Region. A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Based Simulated Implant Study
Authors: Sayed Arshad Jamal , Shaikh Safia Shoeb , Shaikh Shoeb Yakub , Hussain Mohammed Abid , Tareen Sabahat Ullah Khan , Awinashe Vaibhav
Published: June 2021

Aim:

The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of length and width of implant on primary stability in immediate implants in mandibular first molar.

Materials and Methods:

The study was carried out on 40 cone-beam computed tomography scans selected with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the diameter and length of implants, they were divided into nine groups (G1 to G9). The virtual implants of different diameters and length were placed in mandibular first molar and measurements were done for peri-implant horizontal and vertical gap defect, peri-implant interradicular bone support and apical bone support for all the groups.

Results:

The study groups Diameter, (D-7 mm) showed least horizontal gap defect (Buccal-1.30 ± 0.56 mm, lingual-1.30 ± 0.56 mm, mesial-1.20 ± 0.51 mm, and distal-1.05 ± 0.59 mm) as compared to regular implant diameter (D-4.7) groups (Buccal-2.35 ± 0.483 mm, lingual-2.10 mm ± 0.44 mm, mesial-2.30 ± 0.64 mm, and distal-2.25 ± 0.43 mm). The unsupported Vertical implant gap defect at the coronal part of the socket was 2.80 mm ± 0.83 mm for all groups in both horizontal and vertical direction. The vertical peri-implant interradicular bone support showed increased bone support with increase in implant length (L). The buccal and lingual inter-radicular bone-support was least for Length (L-8.5 mm), moderate for L-11.5 mm, and highest for L-13.5 mm groups, respectively. The mesial inter-radicular bone support was least for G4G7, moderate for G1G2G5G8, and maximum for G3G6G9 groups. Similarly, the distal inter-radicular bone support was least for G4G7, moderate for G1G5G8, and maximum for G2G3G6G9 groups, respectively. There was no apical bone support in L-8.5 mm group as the tip of implant was 3.5–4 mm within the socket tip. Whereas, L-11.5 mm had decent (0.9–1 mm) and L-13.5 mm had Good (1.35–1.95 mm) apical bone support as the implant tip was beyond the socket tip.

Conclusion:

All the groups showed good interradicular bone support on buccal and lingual surfaces. Regular width implants with longer length showed satisfactory interradicular bone support on mesial and distal surfaces. Longer implants showed good apical bone support in all the four surfaces and hence good apical primary stability expected.
Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude among Practicing Orthodontist on Teledentistry during COVID Pandemic in Kerala: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: George Pradeep Philip , Edathotty Terry Thomas , Gopikrishnan S. , Prasanth P. S. , Mathew Sandeep , Ameen A. A. Mohammed
Published: June 2021

Background:

Considering the gravity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its potential to unfold within the dental workplace or institutions, a shift from traditional dental practice to a newer method is needed. Teledentistry is widely being practiced in this pandemic era for the diagnosis and to give instructions to the patients. Hence, an attempt has been made to explore the knowledge, attitude, and awareness of practicing orthodontists regarding the usage of teledentistry during COVID lockdown, in Kerala.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, descriptive study was done on about 150 orthodontic professionals. A pretested, self-organized, close-ended survey was managed through online stages that comprised of 15 questions. The information gathered was assembled in a systematic way and investigated regarding recurrence and Chi-square test was utilized for the examination of frequencies.

Results:

It was observed that 93.3% orthodontic practitioners had knowledge regarding teledentistry and a positive attitude toward teledentistry was shown by younger age group practitioners and those who were working in institutions (P < 0.05). 77.3% believed that teledentistry can save dentist's time and 71.3% responded that the new technology can be helpful in reducing the cost of treatment for patients.

Conclusion:

The knowledge, awareness, and attitudes were discovered to be acceptable among the orthodontic practitioners. Younger practitioners had more positive attitude toward teledentistry, and there was an overall positive attitude for using teledentistry as a temporary alternate for direct patient contact in COVID-19 pandemic time.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Psychological Effect on Undergraduate/ Postgraduate Students in Lockdown COVID-19 Situation
Authors: Verma Santosh Kumar , Kumar Barun Dev , Chandra Subhash , Singh Neha , Kumari Priyanka , Verma Abhishek
Published: June 2021

Background:

Student psychological health has been an increasing concern. The COVID-19 pandemic situation has brought this vulnerable population into renewed focus.

Objective:

Our study aims to conduct a timely assessment of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of college graduates and postgraduates.

Methodology:

We conducted online survey with 550 students to understand the effects of the pandemic on their psychology and well-being. The data were analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods.

Results:

Of the 550 students, 138 (71%) indicated increased stress and anxiety due to the COVID-19 outbreak. When asked about how the lockdown in COVID-19 situation affecting them, 97% said that it is severely affecting them. When asked about what the problems do you faced during online class, 5% said the Internet, 83.8% said noninteractive, and 11.2% said lack of explanatory mediums. When asked about number of hours spent on the Internet, 100% said more than 10 h. When asked about the activities to keep yourself busy during lockdown in COVID-19 situation, 37% said social media followed by 23% who mentioned cooking.

Conclusion:

Due to the long-lasting pandemic situation and onerous measures such as lockdown and stay-at-home orders, the COVID-19 pandemic brings negative impacts on education. The findings of our study highlight the urgent need to develop interventions and preventive strategies to address the psychological health of college students.
Role of Human Papilloma Virus in Malignant Transformation of Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vijayan Aswathy K. , Muthukrishnan Arvind , Vidyadharan Mathew , Nair Aparna M.
Published: June 2021

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. The disease has a cell-mediated immune reaction which is precipitated by a specific trigger which turns the self-peptides antigenic. The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the malignant transformation of oral LP (OLP) has always been debated. Establishing a definitive part played by HPV in the malignant transformation of OLP, would possibly provide screening for the viruses, HPV vaccination, and antiviral therapy along with conventional treatment in LP which could improve prognosis. This systematic review is to assess the role of HPV in the malignant transformation of OLP. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google. The information was extracted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. All full-text papers that assessed the association of HPV in malignant transformation of OLP were considered eligible. The outcome parameter included the malignant transformation of OLP. We found a total of 19 studies from which five were found suitable for the review. Results from this systematic review showed HPV is associated with OLP. There is an increased prevalence of HPV in the erosive-atrophic (EA) variant of OLP compared to non-EA variant. There seems to be no strong evidence to prove the association between HPV and malignant transformation of OLP. Taking up the oncogenic potential of high-risk types and OLP as a potentially malignant disorder, more number of studies need to be performed on the dysplastic subtype of OLP and in those OLP lesions that progress to oral squamous cell carcinomas.
Kajian Manajemen Lalu Lintas Kawasan Central Business District (CBD) di Kota Tegal
Authors: Budiharjo Anton , Sahri Agus , Purwanto Edi
Published: June 2021

Kawasan Central Business District (CBD) di Kota Tegal merupakan pusat dari segala kegiatan politik, sosial, budaya, ekonomi, dan teknologi dengan derajat aksesibilitas yang tinggi, sehingga pada jam-jam tertentu tarikan dan bangkitan perjalanan pada ruas jalan di kawasan tersebut sangat tinggi, tak jarang menimbulkan permasalahan lalu linta berupa kemacetan. Permasalah tersebut perlu adanya penanganan yang tepat dan terukur dari kajian manajemen lalu lintas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan meningkatkan kinerja lalu lintas di kawasan CBD Kota Tegal sehingga tercipta kelancaran dan keselamatan lalu lintas jalan. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menghitung kinerja lalu lintas dikawasan kajian dengan mengacu kepada perhitungan Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa Jalan Diponegoro tingkat pelayanan jalan eksistingnya pada jalur A mempunyai V/C rasio 0,1554, pada jalur B 0,1453 dan jalur A+ 0,0232, sedangkan pada kondisi aktual jalur A mempunyai V/C rasio 0,3213, pada jalur B sebesar 0,1501 serta pada jalur A+ sebesar 0,0321. Kinerja lalu lintas baik kondisi eksisting dan aktual masih berada pada Level of Service (LoS) A, sehingga masih dalam kategori baik. Hambatan samping menjadi penyebab kemacetan dan penurunan tingkat pelayanan pada lokasi CBD di Kota Tegal. Perlu adanya kebijakan yang kuat untuk melakukan penataan model parkir dan penataan pedagang kaki lima di lokasi supaya kapasitas jalan aktual mendekati kapasitas jalan efektif.
Penentuan Jalur Evakuasi Terpendek Pada Industri Plastik Menggunakan Ant Colony Optimization
Authors: Khairansyah Mades Darul , Luqman Ashari Moch , Mufidah Imroatul
Published: June 2021

Industri plastik memiliki karyawan sebanyak 927 orang yang menempati lahan 12.062 m2. Jam operasional pada industri plastik untuk unit produksi adalah 24 jam non stop. Dengan jumlah dan jadwal tersebut mengkibatkan kepadatan pekerja yang memiliki risiko untuk mengakibatkan kecelakaan. Perusahaan plastik ini memiliki riwayat kecelakaan kerja. Pada perusahaan ini pernah terjadi kebakaran pada unit ABM pada bulan September tahun 2018 dan divisi bengkel pada Mei tahun 2014. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) sangat cocok menentukan jalur evakuasi dalam penanganan bencana karena algoritma ini melakukan pembaruan pada feromon yang dapat menghasilkan simulasi dengan solusi lebih optimal karena memiliki laju konvergensi yang cepat, sehingga ACO akan digunakan dalam menentukan Jalur evakuasi terpendek pada industri plastik. Pada penelitian ini digunakan feromon awal sebesar 0,0098. Hasil penentuan parameter yang akan digunakan, meliputi number of iterations yaitu 500, number of ant sebesar 100, nilai Alpha sebesar 1 serta Beta sebesar 5 dan evaporation rate sebesar 0.5. Dari hasil optimasi cost yang paling rendah adalah cost 2 sehingga didapatkan rute evakuasi untuk ruang Circullar Loom menuju Koridor 3 dilanjutkan keluar melalui pintu exit 4 sehingga menuju Titik kumpul 1. Semakin tinggi cost yang dihasilkan maka akan mengakibatkan rute yang dilewati menajadi jauh sehingga meningkatkan waktu evakuasi.
Evaluation of Women Protection using Machine Learning
Authors: M Bindu , JV Chandini , N Kavitha , Kumar Kola Prem , Sharma Vivek , Vura Swetha
Published: June 2021

In this era, as we know there are various preceding cases in the world regarding women harassment which is starting from stalking leading to abusive harassments such as acid attacks, rape cases, obscenity, pornography etc. With such issues, an analysis of women safety in Indian cities has been proposed using Machine Learning on Tweets. The Sentimental Analysis is taken as the main idea and is performed through machine learning, taking an input from tweets to ensure safety. This sentimental analysis on tweets helps in creating awareness among people. As we know Twitter and Instagram are responsible to spread information far and wide among the people across the globe, this helps the women in expressing her feelings to the world. We have taken Twitter as an important resource because it provides text, audio, video message and are easy to handle. This can help our research to overcome the sentiments of people around us.
New Generalized Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials and their Matrix Approach
Authors: ORTEGA MARÍA JOSÉ , RAMÍREZ WILLIAM , URIELES ALEJANDRO
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new extension of the generalized Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials ℋn[m−1,α](x; c,a; λ; u). We give some algebraic and diﬀerential properties, as well as, relationships between this polynomials class with other polynomials and numbers. We also, introduce the generalized Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials matrix ????[m−1,α](x; c,a; λ; u) and the new generalized Apostol-Frobenius-Euler matrix ????[m−1,α](c,a; λ; u), we deduce a product formula for ????[m−1,α](x; c,a; λ; u) and provide some factorizations of the Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomial matrix ????[m−1,α](x; c,a; λ; u), which involving the generalized Pascal matrix.
ON A FAMILY OF (p, q)-HYBRID POLYNOMIALS
Authors: YASMIN GHAZALA , MUHYI ABDULGHANI
Published: June 2021

In this paper, the class of (p,q)-Bessel-Appell polynomials is introduced. The generating function, series deﬁnition and determinant deﬁnition of this class are established. Certain members of (p,q)-Bessel-Appell polynomials are considered and some properties of these members are also derived. Further, the class of 2D (p,q)-Bessel-Appell polynomials is introduced by means of the generating function and series deﬁnition. In addition, the graphical representations of some members of (p,q)-Bessel-Appell polynomials and 2D (p,q)-Bessel-Appell polynomials are plotted with the help of Matlab.
Application of Jacobi Polynomial and Multivariable Aleph- Function in Heat Conduction in Non-Homogeneous Moving Rectangular Parallelepiped
Authors: KUMAR DINESH , AYANT FRÉDÉRIC
Published: June 2021

The present paper deals with an application of Jacobi polynomial and multivariable Aleph-function to solve the diﬀerential equation of heat conduction in non-homogeneous moving rectangular parallelepiped. The temperature distribution in the parallelepiped, moving in a direction of the length (x-axis) between the limits x = −1 and x = 1 has been considered. The conductivity and the velocity have been assumed to be variables. We shall see two particular cases and the cases concerning Aleph-function of two variables and the I-function of two variables.
Ensino de história da américa e a formação de uma identidade histórica
Authors: Buczenko Gerson Luiz
Published: June 2021

Este artigo pretende expor algumas ideias sobre o ensino de História da América e a formação de uma identidade histórica, baseando-se principalmente na experiência em sala de aula, com turmas do ensino médio e superior. A pergunta motivadora da pesquisa foi assim colocada: Com o ensino de história da América é possível obter a formação de uma identidade histórica?  Como objetivo geral do presente tema pretende-se analisar a formação de uma identidade histórica por meio das percepções sobre o ensino de História da América. Os objetivos específicos foram assim definidos: conhecer os posicionamentos teóricos de autores que discutem o ensino de História da América; analisar os conceitos de identidade e identidade histórica; e, avaliar a presença da História da América, em livros didáticos do ensino médio.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Open Ended Problem pada Mata Kuliah Kalkulus di STMIK Lamappoleonro
Authors: Waru Misveria Villa
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran open ended problem terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Kalkulus di STIMIK Lamappoleonro. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian ekperimen semu (Quasi Eksperimen) dengan Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dalam bentuk one group Pretest - posttest design dengan teknik random sampling. Subyek penelitian ini yaitu mahasiswa program studi teknik informatika yang sedang menempuh mata kuliah Kalkulus pada semester genap tahun akademik 2018/2019. Hasil penelitian diperoleh rata-rata hasil belajar pretest 50,13 dan posttest 84. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji t berpasangan diperoleh nilai t 27,13 dan sig. 0,0001 karena nilai sig lebih kecil dari 5% maka penerapan dengan model pembelajaran open ended problem dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah kalkulus di STIMIK Lamappoleonro.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dalam Project Based Learning Aljabar Elementer
Authors: Sutamrin Sutamrin , Khadijah Khadijah
Published: June 2021

Kemampuan berpikir kritis penting untuk mengembangkan kemampuan kognitif mahasiswa dan penting dimiliki oleh mahasiswa calon guru. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang berusaha menemukan bagaimana kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa calon guru Pendidikan Matematika STKIP Pembangunan Indonesia dalam penerapan Project Based Learning berbentuk video pembelajaran untuk Mata Kuliah Aljabar Elementer. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam bentuk video, dokumentasi dan laporan proyek. Teknik analisis data file video pembelajaran dan laporan proyek berdasarkan indikator berpikir kritis, yaitu (1) memberikan penjelasan sederhana, (2) membangun keterampilan dasar, (3) membuat inferensi, (4) membuat penjelasan lebih lanjut, dan (5) mengatur strategi dan Teknik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam proses pembuatan dan tampilan video pembelajaran yang dibuat oleh mahasiswa, proses berpikir kritis yang paling banyak dilakukan oleh mahasiswa adalah memberikan penjelasan sederhana (PS), membangun keterampilan dasar (KD), dan mengatur Strategi dan Teknik (ST). Namun kemampuan mengatur Strategi dan Teknik (ST) masih kurang, yang terlihat dari tampilan video pembelajaran yang masih kurang menarik. Kemampuan membuat inferensi (MI) dan memberikan penjelasan lebih lanjut (PL) juga perlu dikembangkan dan dilatihkan. Hal ini berarti bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan Project Based Learning (PjBL) mampu mengasah kemampuan berpikir kritis mahasiswa baik kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam materi pembelajaran Aljabar Elementer, kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam menjelaskan materi pembelajaran, maupun kemampuan berpikir kritis dalam pembuatan video pembelajaran. Temuan penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk merancang metode pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang dapat mengasah kemampuan berpikir kritis.
Motivasi Belajar: Dampak Komik Matematika Bernuansa Islami Berbantuan Instagram
Authors: Amiruddin Amiruddin , Supriadi Nanang , Suherman Suherman
Published: June 2021

Motivasi belajar dari peserta didik sangat berguna didalam proses pembelajaran. Salah satu pemanfaatan teknologi internet yaitu menggunakan media sosial sebagai media pembelajaran untuk menumbuhkan motivasi peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk berupa komik matematika yang layak, menarik dan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah research and development (R&D) dengan model penelitian Borg dan Gall yang telah diperbarui oleh Sugiyono. Subjek penelitiannya adalah peserta didik kelas VII SMP Sentosa Bhakti Baturaja yang sedang menerima materi aritmatika sosial. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket, wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk komik matematika bernuasa islami berbantuan Instagram layak dan menarik serta dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik.