bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Pasien Tonsilitis pada Tonsilektomi di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Bandar Lampung
Authors: Ladyani Mustofa Festy , Artini Ika , Nurmawati Dellylah
Published: October 2020

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the palatine tonsils originating from the Waldeyer ring. Eustachian tubal tonsils, lingual tonsils, palatine tonsils, and pharyngeal tonsils are the composition of the lymph glands in the oral cavity and are the waldayer ring's composition. Tonsillectomy is one type of ENT (Ear Nose and Throat) surgery most often performed on children, adolescents, and adults. Tonsillectomy is also a procedure that can be done if there is a chronic infection or a recurring infection. This study aims to determine the characteristics of age, sex, tonsillar size of Tonsillitis patients in Tonsillectomy at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital in Bandar Lampung. Method: The research method used is a quantitative descriptive analysis method with data taken retrospectively. The source of the research data is secondary data obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with Tonsilitis in Tonsillectomy at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital in Bandar Lampung. A total of 92 patients. Data collection in November 2019 - finished. Analysis through univariate analysis. The results show the characteristics of Tonsillitis Patients in Tonsillectomy in Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital are 12-25 years of age (52.5%) and 6-11 years of age 30 (3 2.6%) and ages 26-45 5 years (5.4%) and ages 46 - 65 years 3 (3.3%), with 50 (54.3%) female and 42 (45.3%) men, with T3 tonsil size was 47 (51.1%), and T2 size was 27 (29.3%), and T4 was 18 (19.6), and T1 was 0 (0%). Characteristics of Tonsillitis Patients in Tonsillectomy at Pertamina Bintang Amin Hospital in Bandar Lampung, the most age was 12-25 years old, and the most sex is in women, the most tonsil size in T3 size was 47 people.
Perbedaan Lamanya Rawat Inap Pasien Post Appendektomi Pada Appendiksitis Akut dan Appendiksitis Perforasi
Authors: Refolinda Septi Auliza , Eriantono Mizar , Alfarisi Ringgo , Willy Joan
Published: October 2020

Appendicitis is one of the causes of mortality rates 0,2 – 0,8% in the world. In Indonesia itself, appendicitis occupies the fourth most patients who undergo hospitalization. The worse this type of appendicitis, the longer the patient should undergo hospitalization in the hospital's surgical treatment room. The duration of the patient post-surgery is varied depending on the type of appendicitis suffered. This study aims to describe the difference in the length of stay in post appendectomy patients between acute appendicitis and perforated appendicitis. The research is a comparative analytical research retrospective with a cross-sectional approach. In this study, the samples were recorded from medical records of appendicitis patients in 2016-2019, totaling 60 respondents of acute appendicitis and 60 respondents of perforation appendicitis. The sampling techniques in this study used a total sampling technique. Analysis of data is using univariate analysis and Independent bivariate tests. It is known that the average length of inpatient hospitalization is acute for 9 days. The shortest hospitalization is for 2 days, and the longest is 23 days.  The respondent with an appendicitis perforation with an average length of stay is 34 days, the shortest time hospitalization is 4 days, and the longest is 90 days. The Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant difference (p = 0,000 / p<0,005) of hospitalization length in acute appendicitis and perforation appendicitis of an appendectomy patient.
Derajat Toksisitas Hemoglobin Pada Penderita Kanker Kolorektal Yang Mendapat Kemoterapi CapeOX
Authors: Yusmaidi  , Oktobiannobel Jordy , Nur Muhammad , Bella Sabila Dananda
Published: October 2020

Advances in the treatment and use of chemotherapy have been shown to improve the life expectancy rate for colorectal cancer patients. Studies conducted in China and Hongkong have shown that CapeOX combination chemotherapy regimens are more commonly used than in Europe and the United States. However, the use of chemotherapy drugs containing oxaliplatin and capecitabine can cause side effects such as hematological toxicity, which is one of them is anemia. This study aims to determine the difference in the form of a decrease in the average levels of hemoglobin and the degree of hemoglobin toxicity in colorectal cancer patients undergoing CapeOX chemotherapy. The Design in this study is a historical (retrospective) cohort. This study sample was 70 colorectal cancer patients who received CapeOX chemotherapy for 6 cycles at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek in 2018-2019. Consecutive sampling is used in the sampling method. The statistical analysis is using Paired T-Test. There is a significant difference in the average hemoglobin level of colorectal cancer patients (p-value = <0.005), which receive CapeOX chemotherapy for 6 cycles.  Besides, there is an increase in the number of patients who get hemoglobin toxicity and the chemotherapy cycle. In the first cycle, 59 patients (84.3%) got hemoglobin toxicity after chemotherapy, and the number continued to increase to 69 patients (98.6%) in the sixth cycle. There was a decrease in hemoglobin levels in colorectal cancer patients who received CapeOX chemotherapy with p-value = <0.05 and increased patients who got hemoglobin toxicity.
Implementasi Mental Imagery dalam Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Kinestetik Jurus Tunggal Baku Pencak Silat
Authors: Schiff Nancy Trisari
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan kinestetik pada siswa - siswi yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler pencak silat dengan menggunakan metode imagery pada jurus tunggal baku. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler pencak silat di SMA Negeri 1 Margaasih yang berjumlah 20 orang. Instrument pengumpulan data menggunakan form penilaian jurus tunggal baku wasit juri IPSI. Hasil pengolahan data tes awal dan tes akhir  menggunakan metode T-Test sampel berhubungan terdapat kaidah keputusan dengan membandingkan T tabel dan T hitung yaitu, jika t hitung ≥ t tabel, maka H0 diterima dan jika t hitung < t tabel, maka H0 ditolak. Berdasarkan kaidah keputusan tersebut, maka karena t hitung (-32,034) < t tabel (-1,833), maka H0 ditolak, artinya bahwa rata-rata tes akhir meningkat dibandingkan tes awal. Dengan kata lain metode mental imagery baik untuk meningkatkan kecerdasan kinestetik.
Pengaruh Permainan Tradisional Terhadap Hasil Belajar Lompat Jangkit
Authors: Santosa Agus
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh permainan tradisional terhadaphasil belajar lompat jangkit pada siswa di SMK TI Garuda Nusantara Kota Cimahi. MetodePenelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Eksperimen, dengan desainpenelitian yang digunakan adalah “One Group Pre Test Post Test”. Populasi peneletian ini adalahsiswa SMK TI Garuda Nusantara kelas XI berjumlah 30 siswa. Teknik Sampling yang digunakanadalah Total Sampling. Maka sample dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 siswa. Hasil perhitungandata dari 30 siswa maka nilai rata-rata 4,65, nilai maksimal 5,32, nilai minimal 4,11, standar deviasi0,30, variansi 0,09, simpangan baku 0,24. Hasil data analisis menunjukan thitung lebih kecil dari ttabelsebesar 10,789 > 1.662 dan memiliki nilai Sig-nya sebesar 0,00 lebih kecil dari 0,05. Hal inimenunjukkan bahwa pengujian ini mendukung hipotesis Ha diterima dengan thitung lebih besar darittabel, dengan nilai 10,789 > 1.662 akibatnya Permainan Tradisional berpengaruh positif terhadapHasil Belajar Lompat Jangkit.
Efektivitas Penggunaan Metode Permainan Terhadap Kebugaran Jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mulya Gumilar
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas dari metode permainan terhadap kebugaran jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah metode eksperimen, Sampel terdiri dari 60 orang siswa dari total populasi 120 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampling yang digunakan ialah Purposive sampling. Usia rata-rata peserta adalah 11-12 tahun. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tes awal dan tes akhir berupa Tes Kebugaran Jasmani Indonesia (TKJI). Teknik analisis data menggunakan aplikasi SPSS Seri 19, dengan Langkah-langkah seperti menguji Normalitas dengan uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Uji hipotesis menggunakan Uji Indefendent Sample T-Test (apabila data berdistribusi normal dan apabila data tidak normal menggunakan Wilcoxon). Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukan bahwa, metode permainan memberikan efektivitas yang signifikan dengan memberikan sumbangsih persentase 51,6 % terhadap kebugaran jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar.
Psikolojik Semptomların Trafikte Heyecan Arama ile İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Gümüş Gizem , Öztürk İbrahim , Tekeş Burcu
Published: October 2020

Dünya genelinde trafik psikolojisi kapsamında ele alınan çalışmalar trafik kazalarında insan faktörünün en önemli etken olduğunu göstermektedir (Sümer ve Özkan, 2002; Şehirli, 2000; Türkoğlu ve Eldoğan, 2002). Trafikte riskli olan kişilik özelliklerinin, sürücülük tarzlarının ve psikolojik belirtilerin bu bağlamda ele alınması trafik güvenliği için önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada psikolojik belirtiler ile trafikte olumsuz çıktılarla ilişkisi olan trafikte heyecan arama değişkeninin ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmaya 70’i kadın ve 78’i erkek olmak üzere 19-65 yaşları arasında toplam 148 sürücü katılmıştır (Ort. = 29.43, SS = 10.21). Çalışmada Kısa Semptom Envanteri, Trafikte Heyecan Arama Ölçeği ve kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Yapılan hiyerarşik regresyon analiz sonuçlarına göre anksiyete sakin sürücülük tarzı ile negatif, hız yönelimli sürücülük ile ise pozitif yönde ilişkili bulunmuştur. Ayrıca kadın sürücüler daha sakin sürücülük tarzı rapor ederken erkekler ise daha hız yönelimli ve araçtan güç alan sürücülük tarzına sahip olduklarını raporlamışlardır. Bulgularının tartışılmasında psikolojik semptomların ve trafikte heyecan aramanın ilişkisi göz önünde bulundurulup sürücü davranışlarını değerlendirirken dikkat edilmesi gerektiği vurgulanmıştır.
Designing and Implementation Data Warehouse for Support
Authors: Raouf Mervat Mustafa , Hameed Dr. Saad
Published: October 2020

Recently, Iraq has suffered from disasters, wars and emergencies, In order to ensure adequate security for individuals in the future, the government and decision-makers must find ways todevelop strategies to manage disasters and problems and deal with them and provide the necessary to avoid the largest amount of losses in the events expected to occur again.It is achieved by leveraging the worldwide growth and technological progress and growing the amount of data generated by many organizations with expertise in coping with sensitive situations and issues.In this paper two systems were presented and design:The first is the compilation of data sets from civil society organizations that have always been involved in addressing global crisis,problems previously gathered on the International platform, which is Humanitarian Data Exchange(HDX). As for the second system, it is a data warehousing system designed and implemented to support the Iraqi government by extracting and transferring the databases in the first system relevant to the Iraqi state and carrying out a data clustering process using four types ofclustering algorithms: k-mean, k-medoids, DBSCAN, OPTICS. The results of which will be displayed using a tool containing a map of Iraq showing the location-point of data, other issues will be displayed in the form of reports.
The Role of Knowledge Management in National Food and Agriculture Policy Implementation: Evidence from the Planting for Food and Jobs Agricultural Policy of Ghana
Authors: Benjamin Abugri, , Albert Ahenkan, , Nyigmah Bawole, Justice
Published: October 2020

Knowledge plays a key role in the success of development policies. It is a key asset used by individuals, corporations, governments and international bodies in achieving both competitive and comparative advantage. The Planting for Food and Jobs agricultural policy was implemented to create job opportunities, promote food security, and socio-economic growth after failure of several agricultural policies in Ghana. A desk review reveals that through Knowledge Management, food is now available in export volumes and the country has begun exporting cereal grains and plantain to neighboring West African countries. The government of Ghana through the learning of outcomes have shown the commitment to address the few challenges of the programme which include the establishment of warehouses and buffer stock companies. It had been recommended that the policy implementation framework should be redesigned to promote active youth and women participation.
Health Insurance in Kenya
Authors: Korir Evans Kiptoo
Published: October 2020

Health insurance in Kenya was launched by the government in 1967 when they introduced National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) to provide health care to Kenyans. Since then, the sector has grown widely due to liberalization of the industry and increase in the medical costs. In Kenya, the health care insurance is provided by both government and private insurers. This article aims to study the concept, benefits, and the growth of the health insurance in Kenya. It also highlights the health insurance plans available in the country. The study is based on secondary data collected from journals, articles, and Insurance Regulatory Authority (IRA) website. To study the growth of the health insurance in the country, premium, claims, and expense of 22 insurance companies offering health insurance from 2010 to 2018 were taken into consideration. Microsoft Excel was utilized for the analysis. The paper outlined the concept, health insurance plans, and their importance to the insured. The paper also revealed that the premium, claims, and expenses of the insurance companies increased constantly during the study period.
Impact of Rural Urban Migration on Economic Sources in
Authors: IBRAHIM HASSAN HUSSEIN
Published: October 2020

This study comprises of five chapters. The topic of the research was Impact of Rural Urban Migration on Economic Sources in Mogadishu: Challenges and opportunities. The main objective of study was to examine determinates of rural urban migration in Somalia. Challenges and problems associated with internal rural migration and possible solutions of the problems associated with internal migration. Methodology: The researcher employed a descriptive survey design and engaged both Quantitative and Qualitative Research methods and also used interview schedule and questionnaires for collecting data. The Quantitative Data, the researcher engaged the use of SPSS used by tables. While the Qualitative Data also analyzed by using themes and explanations while comparing and contrasting the findings with the literature review. The sample size used to be 384 respondents picked up from the target population. Key findings: Recurrent shocks both natural and manmade disasters including droughts, floods and conflicts are the major determinates of rural urban migration, High unemployment rates, limited educational facilities in the rural, lack of social service delivery including heath, medical facilities and clean water abject poverty and bad living conditions. The weakened Government efforts and NGOs to curb the problems of internal migration include: Improve the economic status of the country, support agricultural sector and livestock to keep the pastoral and agro-pastoralist to migrate into the urban areas. Reorganization and diversifying the Employment in public and private sectors to reduce the economic migration, specifically the youth migration from the rural to urban areas looking for better employment opportunities. Conclusion: Overall, the objectives of the study were attained and it was thus concluded that, determinants of the rural urban migration are mainly economic reasons and standard of the living condition in the rural, as well as the deteriorated insecurity situations in most parts of south and central Somali regions where internal migrants are mainly migrated from, the researcher described this as the pull and push factors. The socioeconomic conditions of the rural areas and internal migrants were found to be worrisome.
Nitazoxanide against COVID-19 in three explorative scenarios
Authors: Meneses Calderón José , Figueroa Flores Ma. del Rocío , Paniagua Coria Leopoldo , Briones Garduño Jesús Carlos , Meneses Figueroa Jazmín , Vargas Contretas María José , De la Cruz Ávila Lilia , Díaz Meza Salvador , Ramírez Chacón Reynaldo , Padmanabhan Srivatsan , Mendieta Zerón Hugo
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Nitazoxanide has shown efficacy in vitro against coronavirus infections (MERS, SARS, SARS-CoV-2). The aim of this report is to describe the results of treating COVID-19 positive patients with nitazoxanide in three clinical settings: pregnancy/puerperium, hospitalized patients in an Internal Medicine Service and in an ambulatory setting.

Methodology: This was a prospective follow-up and report of COVID-19 cases in three different situations, pregnant women, hospitalized patients receiving medical attention in an Internal Medicine Service and ambulatory patients residing in Toluca City, and Mexico City.

Results: The experience with a first group of 20 women, pregnant (17) or in immediate puerperium (3) was successful in 18 cases with two unfortunate deaths. The five cases treated in an Internal Medicine service showed a positive outcome with two patients weaned from mechanical ventilation. Of the remaining 16 patients treated in an ambulatory setting, all got cured. Nitazoxanide seems to be useful against SARS-CoV-2, not only in an early intervention but also in critical condition as well as in pregnancy without undesired effects for the babies. As an adjunctive therapy budesonide was used that seems to contribute to the clinical improvement.

Conclusions: Nitazoxanide could be useful against COVID-19 as a safe and available regimen to be tested in a massive way immediately.
A methodological approach for monitoring of riparian forests in protected areas on Danube islands
Authors: Hinkov Georgi , Glogov Plamen , Kachova Vania , Georgieva Mira L. , Anghelus Cristian , Ciuvat Аlexandru Liviu
Published: October 2020

In the last decades, invasive plant species have rapidly settled on the islands in the Danube River. This process is closely related to anthropogenic activities, such as felling and cultivation of soil for affor-estation of Euro-American poplar trees throughout the Danube River basin. In this regard, it is im-portant to: (i) determine the speed and scope of invasive vegetation establishment and (ii) determine more precisely the ongoing successional dynamics. Monitoring in permanent plots is needed to track the changes and assist in decision-making processes for the management of protected areas on the islands in the Danube River. The aim of the study is to describe and justify an innovative approach to analyse the dynamic of the invasion species occurrence and development as related to site conditions and management across the islands in the Danube River. The following methodological approach was considered: (1) selection of islands with well-preserved and sufficient in area covered by natural forest vegetation; (2) differentiation of strata by forest type, age and canopy cover; (3) setting up permanent sample plots for long-term monitoring in natural riparian forests.
Characterization of Ground Response and Liquefaction for Kathmandu City Based on 2015 Earthquake Using Total Stress and Effective Stress Approach
Authors: Kumar Shiv Shankar , Acharya Pradeep , Dammala Pradeep Kumar , Adapa Murali Krishna
Published: October 2020

This chapter presents the seismic vulnerability of Kathmandu City (Nepal), based on Nepal 2015 earthquake, in terms of the ground response and liquefaction potential. The spatially well-distributed 10-boreholes and ground motions of Mw 7.8 Nepal 2015 earthquake recorded at five different stations were adopted for the analysis. The range of peak ground acceleration and peak spectral acceleration were in the order of 0.21g-0.42g and 0.74g-1.50g, respectively. Liquefaction potential of the sites were computed using both semi-empirical approach and liquefaction potential index (LPI). LPI shows that the 6 sites out of 10 sites are at high risk of liquefaction.
Empowerment of Women Through Education
Authors: Radha T.  , Anil Nima
Published: October 2020

Empowerment of women is a relevant field. Compared to any other state in India, Kerala has a good literacy rate, and Thiruvananthapuram is the capital city. This study is analyzing women's education since the independence of Thiruvananthapuram. Significant changes and improvement were identified through 60 samples from selected areas. Data were collected from respondents through interview schedule and survey methods and also from the DPI. The obtained data were analyzed through appropriate statistical tools. The present study showed that women's participation in education was improved and dropouts of women from education also decreased. Still, they experience restriction from some of the socio-cultural beliefs of their family, but involvement of government in women's education has made great progress.
A Study of the Interactions between Phenolic Resin and Metal Sulphides and Their Contribution to PAD Performance and Wear
Authors: Macías Gabriela , Lorenzana Carlos , Fernandez Javier
Published: October 2020

In order to keep the coefficient of friction stable, some additives such as metal sulphides, are included in the brake pads formulation. Previous work from RIMSA has shown that oxidation temperature range of the metal sulphides can be one of the key properties to explain their contribution to the performance and wear of a PAD. This new work is a step forward in the interpretation of the mechanism of sulphides as chemically active additives in the brake pads. Phenolic resin is the matrix of the brake pads and starts to decompose around 300 °C in presence of oxygen and temperature.

In order to establish a connection on between sulphide oxidation and phenolic resin degradation, several studies based on heat treatment of blends of different metal sulphides (Iron sulphide, Tin sulphide and Composite sulphide) with phenolic resin have been done. Then the material evolution was studied with techniques such as TGA-DSC, XRD, IR and SEM-EDS.

The results obtained confirm that there is an interaction between metal sulphides and resin, and the oxidation mechanism of both materials seems to be modified when they were blended. Studying PAD surface cross section after SAE J2522 and J2707, this work then introduces several SEM - EDS evidences that this mechanism can be found in the brake pads, and the results appoint that oxygen is present several tens of microns beneath the PAD surface during braking. This research will contribute to understanding the tribochemistry of the metal sulphides and phenolic resin that take place during braking and so the pad behaviour.
Effect of plant extracts on radial growth of Helminthosporium oryzae causative of Brown spot disease of rice under in-vitro
Authors: Iwuagwu C.C. , Ononuju C.C. , Umechuruba C.I. , Nwogbaga A.C. , Obidiebube A.E. , Okolie H. , Obasi C.C. , Uwaoma A.O.
Published: October 2020

Brown spot disease, caused by Helminthosporium oryzae, is worldwide problem capable of causing considerable damage to paddy in the nursery, field or grain yield. The disease is seed borne, and thus can be transmitted through infected seeds and crop residues, alternate hosts and contaminated irrigation water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant extracts on radial growth of Helminthosporium oryzae on rice plants. An in-vitro experiment was conducted at the Plant Pathology Laboratory of National Root Crop Research Institute, Umudike, Abia State, in Nigeria. Treatments included water and alcohol extracts of Azardiractha indica (Neem leaves), Piper guinensis (seeds), Garcinia cola (Bitter cola seeds), Ocimum gratissimum (leaf) and Vernonia amygdalina (leaf); and synthetic fungicide (Benomyl) at a concentrations of 10, 25 and 30% of the extract applied to H. oryzae in culture. The test materials were administered on Helminthosporium oryzae, sourced from rice seeds and infected shoot system of rice. Alcohol extract of Piper guineensis had the highest radial growth inhibition (89.89%) by the fifth day, but was not significantly different from Azardiractha indica, which had an inhibition value of 81.02%. The least effective plant extract was Ocimum gratssimum with radial inhibition of 11.50%, which occurred also on the fifth day. Plant extracts were as effective as the synthetic fungicide in inhibiting growth of the test fungus. Therefore, the effective extracts, all of which are readily available to the farmers, should be promoted instead of the synthetic fungicides, which are in limited supply and invariably expensive for rice farmers in Nigeria.
New Exercise Monitoring and Management Technologies in Post-Operative Orthopaedic Rehabilitation
Authors: ÖZDEN Fatih
Published: October 2020

Appropriate application of exercise protocols during post-operative orthopedic rehabilitation is of great importance for the improvement of the patient's clinical condition. With the introduction of telerehabilitation services in recent years, it is possible for clinicians to monitor and manage the exercise protocols of their patients in a more practical, cost-effective and time-saving manner. Telerehabilitation is used in post-operative period for many pathological conditions, especially total knee arthroplasty, and its effectiveness is investigated by randomized controlled studies. In this review, exercise monitoring and management technologies in post-operative orthopedic rehabilitation process are discussed. Differences, similarities, advantages and disadvantages of these applications compared to conventional methods will be examined.
Sustaining Teachers’ Organizational Commitment: A Glimpse on Spiritual Intelligence Paradigm
Authors: Ogunsola Kazeem Olanrewaju , Fontaine Rodrique Ancelot Harvey , Jan Mohammad Tahir
Published: October 2020

This paper examined the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SQ) and organizational commitment (OC) among employees. Consistent with Multiple Intelligence Theory (MI), 510 teachers were drawn through a list-based simple random sampling technique in the Peninsular areas of Malaysia. Hypothesis was tested with structural equation modeling (SEM) and the structural model was assessed through renowned GOF indices. Findings revealed that SQ relates significantly positive with OC, such that spiritually intelligent employees are more obliged towards workplace activities. GOF indices showed χ² / df ratio (997.341 / 547) = 1.823, RMSEA (0.057), and CFI (0.903), providing empirical support for the hypothesized structural model. The study outcomes are promising. Theoretically, it contributes to organizational behavior research regarding the influence of spiritual resources and virtues on employees’ behavior. The study has implications for HR policies such as compensation and motivation. Spiritual intelligence aids employees to see beyond the material aspects of the workplace. Hence, they are better inspired when HR managers augment HR policies with SQ components.  Practically, employees are more productive, creative, and resourceful when performing organizational activities. Therefore, the study provides indication on how employees can consider work-related activities as a quest worth achieving. Within this process, lies the opportunity to experience spiritual consciousness which stimulates their personal growth and development. The study is limited in a number of ways. It is cross-sectional, purely quantitative, and has its social-demographic factors controlled.
The Analysis of Public Relation Activities at Mulawarman University In Improving Institutional Reputation
Authors: S.Sos, M.M Hairunnisa
Published: October 2020

At present public relations has a very varied and strategic role, this is supported by the increasingly rapid development of communication and information technology. Through Public Relations, the public can find out the existence of a university with all its resources.This situation certainly requires good communication activities, smooth and directed to improve services and quality of university both internal and external.The central function of university Public Relations is to support all management activities to achieve its objectives with communication as the main activity. The research objective is to find out how the implementation of Mulawarman University Public Relations activities, as well as to determine the supporting and inhibiting factors of the implementation of Public Relations activities at Mulawarman University in improving the reputation of the institution. The research method used is descriptive qualitative using analytical techniques from Matthew B. Miles and A. Michael Huberman intended to gather information about a symptom as it was when the study was conducted. Research location at Mulwarman University. Data collection is done by conducting observations, interviews and documentation. There were four speakers in this study consisting of the Head of Public Relations Unmul, Public Relations staff in the field of reporting and documentation as well as making news, Public Relations staff for reporting and news making, Public Relations staff in the Protocol field. The results showed that Mulawarman University public relations in improving the reputation of the institution was quite successful. News and publications have decreased over the past three years from 2018 in terms of news publication. Whereas service and information have succeeded in building and maintaining a positive image in the institution. Then clippings and documentation have been applied for the availability of valid data neatly archived.

Keywords: PR, Image, University
Título en español.
Authors: José Lozano  , Fernando Abruña
Published: October 2020

Se investigó el efecto de la época de siembra sobre el rendimiento de ocho variedades de arroz de grano corto sembradas en regadío cada 3 meses. El estudio, realizado en Gurabo, se prolongó por un año. Las seis variedades españolas arrojaron rendimientos medios similares durante el año. Las variedades Girona, Bahía y Amposta superaron en rendimiento a Caloro y Colusa, ambas de California. En las siembras de septiembre y diciembre no hubo diferencia significativa en rendimiento de las distintas variedades. En las siembras de marzo, las variedades Amposta, Dosel y Girona fueron las que produjeron más. En las de junio, Amposta, Balilla, Bahía, Girona y Nano Sollana fueron las que más produjeron. Las siembras de diciembre y marzo produjeron casi igual: 5,533 kg./ha. (4,940 libras por cuerda) de arroz en cáscara, en promedio. Los rendimientos más bajos se obtuvieron en la siembra de septiembre con un promedio de 4,581 kg./ha. (4,090 libras por cuerda) de arroz en cáscara y los más altos en la siembra de junio con un promedio de 7,045 kg./ha. (6,290 libras por cuerda). El rendimiento medio por cosecha para todas las variedades y épocas del año fue de 5,678 kg./ha. (5,070 libras por cuerda). Una siembra comercial de 26 ha. (65 cuerdas) de la variedad Girona en Vega Baja produjo 5,712 kg./ha. (5,100 libras por cuerda) de arroz en cáscara. Este demostró tener muy buenas propiedades molineras y apariencia atractiva. La siembra de junio produjo una cosecha solo 81 días después de sembrada, mientras que la de diciembre tardó 117 días. El promedio para todas las variedades y épocas del año fue 98 días. Las variedades españolas tardan entre 5 y 6 meses en producir una cosecha en España. Estos datos señalan que es factible lograr tres cosechas de arroz al año en Puerto Rico donde haya riego disponible. En siembras comerciales en Vega Baja se cosecharon tres siembras de la variedad Girona en menos de 12 meses.
Título en español.
Authors: Alex G. Alexander
Published: October 2020

Se examinó el comportamiento diurno de la invertasa ácida en plantas de caña de azúcar de 5 y 14 semanas de edad tratadas con Polaris. Este se administró en aspersión foliar acuosa a las 0645 h. Se cosecharon muestras de tallos verdes a intervalos de 2 horas de 0630 n 1830 h el día del tratamiento y durante los dos días siguientes. En las plántulas, Polaris adelanto el tiempo de acción máxima de la invertasa dentro de las 2 horas posteriores a la aplicación, sin retardar la acción de la enzima. Durante el tercer día Polaris retardó persistentemente la invertasa sin alterar el tiempo o la magnitud de fluctuación de la enzima. Efectos similares se produjeron en plantas adultas jóvenes con conductos de transporte alargados y elaborados. Ni las f1uctuaciones naturales ni los cambios producidos por el agente químico fueron acompañados por cambios en el contenido de sacarosa del tejido, reducción de los azúcares o cantidad de proteína soluble. En este contexto se discuten dos sistemas de control para la invertasa ácida, uno que gobierna su síntesis y el otro que gobierna su comportamiento diurno, posiblemente localizado en los tejidos de la hoja, el que el Polaris altera temporalmente.
Título en español.
Authors: A. Pérez  , D. Vargas
Published: October 2020

La producción comercial de papayas es baja por la incidencia de enfermedades y, quizá, por ciertas prácticas tradicionales de cultivo. En este estudio se sembraron en un suelo Coto (Oxisol) dos variedades de alto potencial productivo (PR 6-65 y PR 7-65) a dos distancias de siembra con dos niveles de abono de análisis 15-15-15 aplicados mensualmente (.227 y .454 kg. por planta). A una distancia de 1.8 x 1.8 m. (6 x 6 pies) las plantas fueron significativamente más altas que a 1.2 x 1.2 m. (4 x 4 pies). El tamaño de las plantas fue proporcional a la cosecha y a la ganancia neta. Esto quiere decir, que la papaya debe sembrarse a una distancia de 1.8 x 1.8 m. y no a 1.2 x 1.2 m. Si el rendimiento se toma a base del peso total de las frutas, tanto el rendimiento como el beneficio de la PR 6-65 fueron significativamente mayores que los de la PR 7-65, lo que indica que la PR 6-65 debe preferirse para siembras comerciales. PR 6-65 fue significativamente más susceptible al mosaico de Isabela y tolerante al "bunchy top" que la PR 7-65. El pH del suelo fue significativamente más bajo a la distancia de 1.2 x 1.2 m. que a 1.8 x 1.8 m., posiblemente debido a la mayor concentración del abono por área unitaria. La diferencia en producción entre .227 kg. (1/2 lb) y. 454 (1 lb) de abono 15-15-15 no fue estadísticamente significativa, lo cual indica que .227 kg de este abono por mes es suficiente para lograr un buen beneficio, si se siembra en un suelo Oxisol (Coto arcilloso) como el usado en la prueba y bajo condiciones ecológicas similares a las de Isabela.
Título en español.
Authors: Modesto Capiel  , Eduardo Brenes  , M. A. Lugo-López  , Paul G. Schoch  , Víctor L. Guzmán
Published: October 2020

Se realizó un estudio ecológico para evaluar la producción de materia seca y la tasa exponencial de crecimiento y de uso de agua por el sorgo (Sorghum bicolar) en tres regiones tropicales y una subtropical. El estudio se realizó en tiestos regados por capilaridad mediante una técnica diseñada expresamente para medir el agua utilizada por el sorgo. A partir del décimo día después de la germinación se efectuaron siete cosechas semanales dela parte aérea y de las raíces, separadamente, para así determinar el peso seco por planta así como el área foliar. Tomando como base el peso de la materia seca del tallo, el análisis de varianza revela una respuesta significativa del peso de la planta al efecto producido por el clima de cada región, así como una interacción entre esta variable y la edad de la planta. En términos de tasa exponencial de crecimiento y uso de agua, los índices calculados al efecto observaron un patrón común en razón de los climas de cada región. Se encontró una aparente influencia de la radiación solar en algunos de estos índices.
Título en español.
Authors: M. Pérez-Zapata  , G. Ramírez-Oliveras  , C. González-Molina
Published: October 2020

El comportamiento de 34 nuevas variedades de caña de azúcar se evaluó en dos sitios de la zona suroeste de Puerto Rico. Un experimento se ubicó en Cabo Rojo en un suelo Voladora y el otro en Hormigueros en uno de la serie Coloso. En cada experimento se recopilaron datos sobre rendimiento, toneladas de caña y toneladas de azúcar en una cosecha de plantilla y dos de retoño, los que fueron analizados estadísticamente. En Cabo Rojo se destacó la variedad PR 65-413, seguida de las variedades PR 65-339, PR 62-739 y UCW 53-69. Las variedades PR 65-413 y PR 65-339 tienen grandes probabilidades para convertirse en variedades comerciales en esta región. En Hormigueros la variedad PR 1152 ocupó la primera posición en el orden de mérito, seguida de las variedades PR 61-902, PR 1140, CP 52-43 y NCo 310. Las variedades PR 1140 y PR 61-902 producen buenos rendimientos, aunque su producción se debilita en las cosechas sucesivas. La UCW 53-69 y NCo 310 se comportaron relativamente bien, pero su hábito de crecimiento dificulta la mecanización del corte, reduciendo así sus posibilidades como variedades comerciales para esta zona.
Título en español.
Authors: Josef Nosek
Published: October 2020

El orden de insectos Protura se informa por vez primera de Puerto Rico. Se describen dos nuevas especies, Eosentomon mutti y E. puertoricoense, y se cita por primera vez Gracilentulus cf. kenyanus de Puerto Rico. Se discute además el status taxonómico de esta última especie.
Título en español.
Authors: Lawrence S. Ritchie  , Jorge Chiriboga  , Delfín D. de León  , P. A. Gómez  , A. Velarde
Published: October 2020

Cantidades enormes del caracol Lymnaea cubensis se encontraron en Dorado, Puerto Rico en el mes de febrero de 1971, después de una época de fuerte lluvia en 1970. La tasa media de caracoles infectados con Fasciola hepatica fue de 4%, indicando numerosos caracoles infectados y metacercarias. Se determinó el número de caracoles para una futura comparación, y 6 de los 19 rebaños examinados anteriormente (en 1970) fueron reexaminados para determinar cambios en la incidencia de fascioliasis. Para mayo de 1971 la mayoría de los caracoles había desaparecido y no regresaron hasta septiembre de 1972. La frecuencia de Fasciola hepatica y de huevos aumentó al doble después del brote de caracoles, pero ésta regresó a un nivel normal a mediados del 1972. Estos cambios subrayaron la necesidad de investigaciones epidemiológicas a largo plazo en Puerto Rico.
Título en español.
Authors: Moisés Díaz-Medina  , Paul F. Randel
Published: October 2020

Dos experimentos con gallinas Liornas blancas se efectuaron para evaluar raciones que contenían de 0 a 30% de mosto deshidratado. Este, obtenido de melaza fermentada, se mezcló con un alimento comercial para ponedoras. El tratamiento testigo fue el alimento comercial puro. Las gallinas se alojaron en jaulas individuates. Las raciones se isonitrogenizaron añadiéndoles harina de atún, pero las diferencias en valor calórico y el contenido en otros nutrimentos no se compensaron. En los dos experimentos se usaron bloques distribuidos al azar, con 10 gallinas por tratamiento en el primero y 15 en el segundo. El período de comparación fue de 42 días en el primer experimento y de 50 en el segundo. En la primera prueba, el tratamiento testigo -la ración comercial- superó al tratamiento de 30% de mosto (P < .01) en frecuencia de postura (81.0 contra 58.1 %), (P < .05) peso medio del huevo (62.3 contra 56.5 g) y (P < .01) gramos de alimento por gramo de huevo (2.17 contra 3.68). El testigo también superó al tratamiento de 20% de mosto (P < .01) en frecuencia de postura (68.6%) y (P < .05) en la transformación del alimento en postura (3.10). Las raciones con 5 y 10% de mosto no difirieron significativamente de la testigo. En la segunda prueba, que no incluyó ración sin mosto, las frecuencias de postura (70.6 a 65.1%) en los niveles de 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5 y 20% no difirieron significativamente. El peso medio del huevo fue mayor (P < .05) en las raciones de 15 y 17.5% de mosto (63.0 y 63.2 g) que en la de 20% (59.9 g). La transformación del alimento fue más alta (P < .05) en la ración con 10% de mosto (2.58) que en la que contenía 20% (3.13). La cantidad de alimento por gramo de huevo aumentó .048 g con cada adición de 1% de mosto a la ración, lo cual no justifica la sustitución. Los tratamientos no afectaron el consumo de alimento ni la ganancia de peso vivo. El consumo de raciones con más de 10% de mosto produjo excremento progresivamente más acuoso y negruzco, el cual manchó tanto a las gallinas como a los huevos. La ración con 30% de mosto, y en menor grado la de 20%, se convirtieron en una masa pegajosa al exponerlas al aire por varias horas. Las gallinas toleran bien el mosto deshidratado, y tal vez compensando con grasa la reducción de calorías, se podría utilizar eficientemente a niveles bajo el 20% de la ración.
Título en español.
Authors: Raúl Pérez-Escolar  , M. A. Lugo-López  , T. W. Scott
Published: October 2020

En dos siembras de sojas (variedad Júpiter), se estudió el efecto de la cal sobre el rendimiento y sobre los factores de acidez del terreno. Las sojas se sembraron en una arcilla Humatas, un Ultisol típico de la zona montañosa de Puerto Rico. La cal se aplicó a profundidades de 20, 40 y 60 cm. Otro tratamiento consistió de la aplicación de nitrato de calcio sobre la superficie del terreno. Los datos recolectados en las dos cosechas revelaron correlaciones, muy significativas y significativas, entre el rendimiento de la soja y los factores de acidez del suelo en los 60 cm superficiales del perfil. Una ecuación lineal fue la que mejor describió los resultados. Después de 33 meses de las aplicaciones de la cal, en las parcelas tratadas hasta 20 cm de profundidad, todavía se notaban aumentos en pH y en bases. El descenso en aluminio cambiable en la capa entre los 20 y 40 cm indicó movimiento de la cal a través del perfil hasta esta profundidad.
THE WING LOUSE, LIPEURUS CAPONIS (L.) (MALLOPHAGA: PHILOPTERIDAE) ATTACKING POULTRY IN PUERTO RICO
Authors: J. Maldonado Capriles  , Jorge Miró Mercado
Published: October 2020

THE WING LOUSE, LIPEURUS CAPONIS (L.) (MALLOPHAGA: PHILOPTERIDAE) ATTACKING POULTRY IN PUERTO RICO
Título en español.
Authors: Heriberto Batiz  , Eduardo Rosado
Published: October 2020

Se describe un método simple de un solo paso, basado en cromatografía de vapor líquido, para la identificación y la determinación cuantitativa de congéneres en rones de Puerto Rico que no han sido informados anteriormente. Este método utiliza columnas de alta eficiencia de empaque, con lo que se logra la separación de unos 23 nuevos congéneres. La misma columna, cuando se opera a dos flujos distintos, puede separar rutinariamente más de 43 congéneres en los rones de Puerto Rico. De esta manera se analizaron muestras de todos los rones comerciales de Puerto Rico de 1976.
Título en español.
Authors: Héctor R. Cibes  , Socorro Gaztambide
Published: October 2020

Síntomas carenciales, tanto de macro como de microelementos, se indujeron en papayos bajo condiciones controladas de invernadero. Se estudiaron carencias de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn y B. Las plantas testigo se regaron con una solución completa. Las carencias de N y P redujeron grandemente el crecimiento de las plantas así tratadas, mientras que la ausencia de K y de Ca ocasionó síntomas carenciales muy pronunciados en el follaje. Entre los microelementos, la carencia de boro causó la mayor reducción en el crecimiento de los tallos y desarrollo de raíces. En cambio, la carencia de S, Fe, Mn y Mg no afectó adversamente el crecimiento de tallos y raíces. Las plantas carentes de K, S, Mg, Mn y los testigos florecieron, pero solamente las carentes de potasio y manganeso cuajaron frutas. El contenido en cada uno de los elementos deficitarios, tanto en las hojas como en los tallos de las plantas afectadas, fue considerablemente menor que el correspondiente a los testigos. Los síntomas carenciales que mostraron las plantas carentes de boro se asemejaban mucho a los que caracterizan la enfermedad conocida como "bunchy top", a excepción de que el flujo de latex en este caso no se interrumpió, como sucede en las plantas afectadas por la enfermedad.
A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA
Authors: Mariano Antoni  , B. G. Capó
Published: October 2020

A COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR THE ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL DATA
Título en español.
Authors: M. A. Ellis  , R. S. Smith  , O. Zambrano
Published: October 2020

Lotes de semillas de mala calidad de gandul del cultivar 2-B Bushy (50% de germinación in vitro y 67% de las semillas infectadas internamente con hongos) y de buena calidad (93% de germinación y 9% de infección), fueron tratados con fungicidas, penicilina-G y penicilina-G más fungicida. Las semillas de mala calidad que recibieron cualquiera de estos tratamientos tuvieron un porcentaje de germinación en condiciones de campo significativamente mayor que las no tratadas. No hubo diferencias en porcentaje de emergencia entre las semillas de buena calidad tratadas y sin tratar. Cuando las semillas de mala calidad, se trataron superficialmente, con thiram y colocadas en un medio de cultivo agar con papa y dextrosa, el porcentaje de germinación in vitro aumentó significativamente y la incidencia de hongos internos disminuyó también significativamente en comparación con las no tratadas.
A BIOASSAY METHOD FOR DETECTING HERBICIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN WATER
Authors: Lii-Chyuan Liu  , A. Cedeño Maldonado
Published: October 2020

A BIOASSAY METHOD FOR DETECTING HERBICIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN WATER
Título en español.
Authors: H. Batiz
Published: October 2020

Varios rones comerciales de Puerto Rico y uno de Jamaica se analizaron usando una trampa-divisor desarrollada y probada en la Planta Piloto de Ron con el fin de efecturar un acoplamiento electivo de columnas capilares y columnas preparatorias, de manera que esas dos técnicas cromatográficas sean combinadas para el análisis directo de bebidas alcohólicas. Los análisis fueron efectuados utilizando la trampa-divisor colocada en el centro de un sistema de dos columnas. A la entrada se conecta una columna preparatoria de 3 mm x 12.7 mm de diámetro externo rellenada con 10% Carbowax 20M en Chromosorb W, 60/80, lavado con ácido, y a la salida se acopla la columna capilar de 91 m x 0.25 mm impregnada con ucon 75H 90,000. La columna preparatoria colocada en un cromatógrafo diferente al de la columna capilar concentra los componentes volátiles de los rones que eluyen antes del alcohol étnico. Independientemente se obtienen con la misma columna concentrados de componentes pesados que eluyen después de alcohol isoamílico. Después de ser retenidas en la trampa-divisor, los subsiguientes análisis capilares independientes de las dos fracciones demostraron que en los rones investigados hay unos 10 componentes antes de la señal de alcohol etílico y alrededor de 50 componentes después de la señal de alcohol isoamílico.