bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alfred H. Barr, MoMA, and the Entrance and Exit of Outsider Art (1936–1943)
Authors: Vlieghere Dieter De
Published: June 2021

Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism (1936), curated by Alfred H. Barr at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York, was the first major exhibition of outsider art at the epicentre of the art world. The entrance of outsider art in the art museum coincided with the changing role of the curator: from a custodian of fine arts to an exhibition author with creative agency. The disconnection of outsider art from canonized art history and the peculiar appearance of the works and their makers inspired new curatorial narrations and settings. Barr’s inclusive vision of modern art and curation was, however, strongly criticized, and a few years later that vision was replaced by a hierarchical one demanding the exclusion of outsider art from the art museum. The developments at MoMA between 1936 and 1943 exemplify how outsider art served as a catalyst for the curatorial turn in which the division between the roles of curator and artist began to shift.
Necessarily Provisional: Ireland at the Venice Biennale
Authors: Long Declan
Published: June 2021

Ireland’s history at the Venice Biennale is one of uncertain circumstances and regular mobility. This article reflects on Ireland’s status as one of the non-permanent, ‘provisional’ pavilions at the Biennale, and considers the multiple ways in which Irish exhibitions (since the early 1990s) have dealt with curatorial challenges in this unpredictable context. By tracing the history of Ireland’s diverse exhibitionary efforts to test models of national representation away from the Biennale’s core group of settled, permanent pavilions, I argue (with reference to writings by Maria Lind and Irit Rogoff) for the merits of curating in a ‘provisional’ mode, finding useful lessons in Ireland’s varying levels of commitment to realizing ‘context-sensitive’ pavilion projects.
Exhibiting Parafictional Artists: Curatorial Approaches to Fiction and Authorship
Authors: Brasó Emma
Published: June 2021

This article identifies and analyses parafictional strategies in artistic and curatorial practice. By examining exhibitions that have included artists working under fictitious identities from the mid-1990s to the present, I argue that they emerged in response to the conflictual demands of the art world. These case studies have been organized into three categories according to their main curatorial approach: projects in which artists remained anonymous or were asked to produce work under a purposely invented personality; exhibitions that turned the intersection of fiction and authorship into a theme to be researched; and curatorial initiatives that embraced the working logic of fiction in their own methodology. These strategies investigate how authorship, agency, style and self-promotion function in the contemporary art world.
A Call to Otherness: Inscribing Digital Vernaculars into the Art Institution
Authors: Menotti Gabriel
Published: June 2021

In the mid-2010s, a number of renowned museums and galleries across the world held retrospective exhibitions positioning digital arts within western art history. While inscribing some techno-aesthetic forms and behaviours into the contemporary arts institution, these exhibitions nevertheless cemented the exclusion of others. By examining the role and shortcomings of curatorial practices in this process, this article seeks to frame curating as an art of inclusion able to carve institutional and epistemic space for otherness. In doing so, I argue for the relevance of devices for noticing, defined as a range of tactics that enable the apprehension of digital vernaculars – everyday, ‘lower’ expressions of digital media culture – within institutional sites and discourses. Through these tactics, curators may provoke under-represented cultural actors, forms and behaviours into recognition, reverse the violence of institutional occlusion, and fertilize art histories.
Reflecting anxieties during the first twenty years of the twenty-first century: Three European cinematic waves
Authors: Varmazi Eleni , Erensoy Şirin Fulya , Tahan G. Eda Özgül
Published: June 2021

The article lays out the only three European cinematic waves that emerged in the first twenty years of the twenty-first century and examines them in relation to their sociopolitical context. The way in which these particular contexts have influenced the production of the films, the thematic and aesthetic explorations of the filmmakers and their presence within the wider cinematic spectrum is detailed in the analysis. The New French Extremity, the Romanian New Wave and the Greek Weird Wave are thus considered as significant manifestations of anxieties and concerns relating to the particular historical moment in each respective country.
Vive l’incommunication: La victoire de l’Europe, Dominique Wolton (2020)
Authors: Mercier Arnaud
Published: June 2021

Review of: Vive l’incommunication: La victoire de l’Europe, Dominique Wolton (2020)

Paris: Éditions François Bourin, 144 pp.,

ISBN 979-10-252-0489-4, p/bk, €15
Between the physical and the virtual: The present tense of virtual space
Authors: Burrell Andrew
Published: June 2021

This article explores a way of thinking about virtual environments and how they might be used to create new spaces, not as an alternate reality, but as an integrated part of reality – regardless of this reality being physical and/or digital. Virtual environments can be seen as an extension of reality – the physical and the virtual sitting side by side with one, more often than not, bleeding into the other. The virtual is not separable from the physical and vice versa. This position will be formed by directly referring to traditions that stem from processes and ideas around materiality, poetics and philosophy rather than centring on technical or hardware specifics. At the centre of this exploration is an ongoing investigation into the role of memory and imagination in narrative spaces in immersive virtual environments, stemming from the author’s background in interactive Installation art and designing for virtual environments. The article’s subtitle refers to Robert Morris’s 1978 article, ‘The present tense of space’, which informs the article’s overall position.
Historians Killed for Political Reasons in Ibero-America (1920-2020)
Authors: De Baets Antoon
Published: June 2021

This essay examines the Ibero-American history producers who were killed for political reasons during the past century. It presents sixty victims from eight countries. Of these, 83% were killed by state forces, 17% by non-state forces. Dictatorships had the worst scores (58% of the victims), while flawed democracies also saw considerable casualties (32%), in contrast to emergent (7%) and stable democracies (3%). Much evidence was found for the thesis that killing these history producers did not necessarily mean the erasure of their names or achievements. Out of the sixty victims, nine (15%) were killed for political reasons that were mainly or partly related to their historical works. Six of these, however, occurred under democracies, particularly flawed or emergent democracies, and not under dictatorships. This finding leads to the hypothesis that well-entrenched dictatorships, wielding ruthless power, deter and block incriminating historical research – making the killing of history producers for history-related reasons relatively rare – whereas freer conditions in flawed and emergent democracies prompt or encourage such dangerous historical research. Those investigating past systemic violence or the crimes of previous dictatorships then risk becoming targets of the military seeking to install or restore authoritarian rule.
Uma ideia de Império no final da Monarquia Constitucional
Authors: Pereira Hugo Silveira
Published: June 2021

Em 1907, D. Luís Filipe, príncipe herdeiro de Portugal, empreendeu uma visita às colónias portuguesas em África. A viagem foi coberta pela imprensa ilustrada portuguesa, que, juntamente com notícias da jornada, publicou diversas fotografias dos lugares visitados pelo príncipe. Neste artigo, analiso um conjunto de fotografias publicadas nas revistas O Occidente e Illustração Portugueza e mostro como elas foram usadas para contribuir para uma narrativa visual de progresso e modernidade do projeto colonial português, ilustradora da missão civilizadora do Império. Mostro como as colónias eram apresentadas como lugares europeizados, com várias marcas da presença tecnocientífica metropolitana (que, contudo, não escondiam uma visão romântica sobre o exotismo da paisagem africana), incluindo a inculcação de usos e práticas europeias sobre os nativos. Pretendo contribuir para o debate sobre a importância da fotografia para os projetos coloniais, como instrumento de império.
Julião Quintinha (1885-1968) e “o deslumbramento do Egipto” em Terras do Sol e da Febre (1932). Crónicas de viagem com o Egito Antigo em fundo
Authors: Mota Susana , Sales José das Candeias
Published: June 2021

Entre 1925 e 1927, Julião Quintinha (1885-1968), um reconhecido jornalista e escritor português, fez um périplo pelo continente africano, visitando as antigas colónias portuguesas, o Egito, o Índico e os mares Mediterrâneo e Vermelho, em consequência do qual deixou vasta documentação e informação, em forma ficcionada ou em narrativas resultantes da sua vivência, observação e reflexão, sendo considerado o pioneiro da literatura de temática colonial. Entre os vários títulos de sua autoria, destacamos a obra de 1932 intitulada Terras do Sol e de Febre onde, em resultado da sua visita ao Egito, o Autor deixou um olhar crítico e esclarecido sobre a antiga civilização egípcia. Através do último capítulo, «O deslumbramento do Egipto», recolheremos e enquadraremos as suas impressões sobre o «legendário Egipto». Através da sua narrativa captaremos a representação e memória do «supremo encanto do Egipto (…) de Cleópatra e dos faraós», bem como a receção da sua identidade.
Silva Maia: o comerciante que as revoluções do Atlântico fizeram jornalista
Authors: Lustosa Isabel
Published: June 2021

Apresenta-se aqui a trajetória de Joaquim José da Silva Maia, comerciante e jornalista de formação liberal que atuou no Brasil e em Portugal, envolvendo-se diretamente na guerra de independência da Baía, do lado dos portugueses (1822/1823); nas campanhas liberais que agitaram Portugal entre 1826 e 1828 a favor da constituição e contra D. Miguel e, finalmente, no último ano do reinado de D. Pedro I, do Brasil, (1830/1831) defendendo no Rio de Janeiro, em nome dos ideias do liberalismo político e econômico, o envolvimento do Imperador e de seu governo nos problemas da sucessão portuguesa. Exemplo de uma atuação decisiva dos dois lados do Atlântico, especialmente por meio dos jornais que publicou, o caso de Silva Maia é rico em possibilidades analíticas para a compreensão das apropriações possíveis dos ideais constitucionalistas em um contexto de intensas transformações.
Physicians’ perceived barriers and proposed solutions for high-quality palliative care in dementia in the Netherlands: Qualitative analysis of survey data
Authors: Bavelaar L. , van der Steen H.T.A. , de Jong H. , Carter G. , Brazil K. , Achterberg W.P. , van der Steen J.T.
Published: June 2021

Background: The literature indicates that palliative care for people with dementia needs to be enhanced. Objectives: To assess barriers to providing high-quality palliative dementia care and potential solutions to overcome these barriers, as perceived by physicians responsible for end-of-life care with dementia. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The Netherlands. Participants: A representative sample of 311 elderly care physicians of whom 67% (n=207) responded. Measurements: A postal survey in 2013 containing open-ended items probing for barriers in the elderly care physicians’ practices and possible solutions. Answers were coded and grouped using qualitative content analysis and presented to expert physicians in 2021. Results: Barriers to palliative care in dementia were (1) beliefs held by family, healthcare professionals or the public that are not in line with a palliative care approach, (2) obstacles in recognizing and addressing care needs, (3) poor interdisciplinary team approach and consensus, (4) limited use or availability of resources, and (5) poor family support and involvement. Suggested solutions were improving communication and information transfer, and educating healthcare staff, families and the public about palliative care in dementia. Timely and frequent communication with the family, including advance care planning, and more highly skilled nursing staff were also proposed as solutions. Conclusions: The results suggest a strong need for ongoing education for healthcare professionals about palliative dementia care. Strengthening interprofessional collaboration and shared responsibility for advance care planning is also key. Increasing public awareness of the dementia trajectory and the need for a proactive approach call for a broader societal agenda setting.
Frequency-rank Distributions in Proteomics
Authors: Shaikh Raad , Behera Mrutyunjaya
Published: June 2021

This paper analyzes the protein abundances in 8 organisms to determine if they fit any of a number of commonly-seen distributions in frequency-rank analyses, with the intention of drawing analogies between biochemistry and linguistics. The organisms were chosen so as to be representative and come from a wide range of body complexities. Our analysis suggests that while individual organisms fit certain distributions quite well, there is no overarching thread that unifies the protein distributions found across the living world, at least on the scale of individual proteins.
impactos da Pandemia da COVID-19 no direito de família
Authors: Luiz Pase Hemerson , Parada Manuela Medeiros , Dupuy Patella Ana Paula
Published: June 2021

O trabalho abordará a alienação parental, relacionando-a com a guarda compartilhada, bem como, irá tratar dos impactos causados pela Pandemia do COVID-19 no direito de família, mais precisamente, o direito fundamental à convivência familiar. Assim, surge o questionamento de por que os magistrados não seguem os critérios dispostos na Lei 13.058/2014 em suas decisões? A hipótese é que os operadores de direito levam em conta seus princípios, crenças e convicções pessoais, ao passo que, muitas vezes ferem o princípio da imparcialidade o que dificulta a efetivação da Lei 13.058/2014 que disciplina acerca do instituto da guarda compartilhada. Para tanto, a presente investigação objetiva analisar o papel do sistema judiciário na solução dos conflitos familiares, definição de guarda e responsabilidades dos filhos e relacionar as estimativas do judiciário no que se refere às decisões de guarda compartilhada. A metodologia utilizada foi a qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas foram entrevistados 15 advogados e 5 magistrados atuantes nas Varas de Família dos Municípios de Rio Grande, Pelotas e Santa Vitória do Palmar, para analisar de forma qualitativa os apoiadores e contrários à guarda compartilhada. Sendo confirmado que embora os julgadores analisem as provas e tenham consciência da Lei, ainda assim, a influência das suas convicções pessoais pesa mais, e acabam não aplicando o que é definindo como regra na Lei 13.058/2014 em suas decisões.
Anthroponymic innovation in Bahia during 19th, 20th and 21st centuries
Authors: Soledade Juliana , Rodrigues Letícia Santos , Simões Neto Natival Almeida
Published: June 2021

This article aims to trace a historical panorama of anthroponomic innovation in Brazil by analyzing research data on the uses of anthroponyms in the State of Bahia in the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries. The comparison between data from other studies, such as those by Rodrigues (2016; 2019), Cunha and Souza (2017), Lopes and Soledade (2018), Simões Neto and Soledade (2018), Conceição (2018) and Soledade and Simões Neto (2020), provides an understanding of the frequency of the innovative phenomenon and its increase over the years. The article also envisions a morphological characterization of the first names found, under the perspective of the Construction Morphology framework (BOOIJ, 2010; GONÇALVES, 2016). The results point to a vertiginous growth of anthroponomic innovation, starting from the mid-20th century, as well as to the setting of a biformative pattern that has been recurring since the first cases of innovative names.
O Plantão do Jornal Nacional como resposta ao silenciamento bolsonarista
Authors: Figueira Sobrinho Nelson , Assumpção Garcia Dantielli
Published: June 2021

Inserido nos estudos de análise de discurso franco-brasileira, doravante AD, este artigo tem como objetos os fatos que levaram à exibição do Plantão do Jornal Nacional em 5 de junho de 2020, para noticiar o número de casos de Covid-19 e de mortes em decorrência dessa doença, e o próprio boletim jornalístico, exibido em horário nobre após a interrupção da programação. O plantão foi uma resposta à decisão do governo federal, por meio do Ministério da Saúde, de retardar a divulgação desses números, e à declaração do presidente Jair Bolsonaro, na mesma data, de que a medida acabaria com as matérias sobre o tema veiculadas no noticiário. A análise parte da hipótese de ter havido censura – do ponto de vista da AD – à imprensa brasileira e, em especial, ao JN. Para isso, o estudo se baseia em Orlandi (2007, 1987), para verificar se teria havido uma política do silêncio; ou seja: um processo de silenciamento que limitaria os sujeitos no percurso de sentidos e atingira justamente os cidadãos mais vulneráveis. São basilares ao estudo, que tem como fim somar às pesquisas que versam sobre a cobertura da pandemia por parte da mídia, conceitos como efeitos de sentido e memória discursiva (PÊCHEUX, 2014). Ao final, conclui-se que Bolsonaro lançou mão de uma memória discursiva própria dos regimes autoritários – nesse caso, à extrema-direita –, mas sua estratégia foi suplantada por meio dos efeitos de sentido advindos do plantão jornalístico, que acabou por dar mais destaque aos dados censurados.
Formação discursiva e constituição da reexistência
Authors: Canário de Souza Estevão Ady
Published: June 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a constituição da reexistência por meio da fala feminina negra inscrita na formação discursiva midiática.  Para tanto, ancora-se nas formulações teóricas da Análise do Discurso (AD) de vertente francesa, nas contribuições foucaultianas e em diálogo com os estudos étnico-raciais descoloniais. Na análise, recorremos a três enunciados coletados de um portal brasileiro de notícias on-line, em que uma mulher negra, mãe e empregada doméstica é entrevistada durante a pandemia de covid-19. Os resultados apontam para uma fala feminina negra entre a desigualdade, preconceito, discriminação e que encontra lugares de reexistência negra possível no enfrentamento às opressões. Concluímos que o discurso midiático inserido em formações discursivas reatualiza as memórias acerca dos modos de viver e morrer de grupos étnico-raciais na contemporaneidade.
Corpo e experiência de nós mesmos
Authors: Milanez Nilton , Souza Almeida Beatriz
Published: June 2021

Este artigo propõe a discussão sobre corpo, experiência e diagnóstico do presente no quadro dos Estudos Discursivos foucaultianos. O corpus compreende as publicações do Diário Foucaultiano de Quarentena do Labedisco nas páginas do Facebook e Instagram, problematizando questões acerca da pandemia do Covid-19. A metodologia se concentrou na formação de séries das narrativas veiculadas naquelas redes sociais, demonstrando as preocupações em torno das nocões necropolítica, da biopolítica e de uma política dos corpos e sua maneira de ser administrada sob o governo de Jair Bolsonaro. Os resultados apontam os posicionamentos dos sujeitos sobre higienização disciplinar, morte e descaso governamental neste momento específico nos seis primeiros meses da pandemia até uma mudança de suporte: das narrativas para podcasts no Spotify.
Creating More Inclusive Research Environments for Undergraduates
Authors: Haeger Heather , White Corin , Martinez Shantel , Velasquez Selena
Published: June 2021

Although there are numerous evidence-based benefits to undergraduate research for new-majority students (students who are from traditionally underrepresented ethnicities, first-generation college students, students from lower-income families, or transfer students) (Hurtado, S. et al., 2011; Kinzie et al., 2008a; Lopatto, 2007), they are less likely to participate or stay in mentored research experiences (Finley & McNair, 2013; Haeger et al., 2015). In order to determine not only who has access to undergraduate research, but to also identify what barriers to full-inclusion exist for new-majority students, we conducted a mixed methods study at a public, Hispanic Serving Institution. We analyzed institutional data to explore who participates in research and who does not. We also specifically sampled a group of students who expressed an interest in research experiences but who never actually participated for our student survey (N=96). Additionally, we conducted five focus groups with students, staff, and faculty (N~30). We found positive results in the analysis of patterns of participation and found no significant or substantial differences between students who did or did not participate in undergraduate research in terms of race/ethnicity, gender, or first-generation status. The undergraduate researcher population did have significantly more STEM majors and Pell grant recipients. The qualitative analysis identified barriers to participation in research in the following areas: access to research opportunities, programmatic structures, research culture and norms, and campus climate. We present these findings along with descriptions of initiatives that have been successful in diversifying research participation and strategies to create more inclusive research environments.
Undergraduate Research at a Teaching-Oriented College: Seniors’ Perspectives and Approaches to Consider
Authors: Cresiski Robin Herlands , Shi Qingmin , Thanki Sandip , Navarrete Lori
Published: June 2021

This study examines the relationship of undergraduate research (UGR) participation on senior students’ reported engagement, perceived gains, satisfaction with their educational experience and retention, and graduation status compared to peers that have not participated in UGR. Data were drawn from 1,472 senior students at a comprehensive, teaching-oriented public college, and collected from administration of the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) from 2015 to 2019, along with institutional data. This examination uniquely investigates outcomes of UGR participation besides persistence and graduation (which are already well documented) and leverages the lens of senior students in particular. In addition, this study contributes to the literature on UGR at teaching-oriented colleges, which has been sparse most likely because there are many more opportunities for UGR at research institutions. In line with several conceptual frameworks of student engagement, data analysis revealed that relative to their peers who have not participated in UGR, UGR-participating students have higher levels of engagement, perceived gains, and overall satisfaction. UGR-participating students also continued enrollment and/or graduated at a higher rate after reaching their senior status compared to non-participating peers. The implications for teaching-oriented colleges, as well as suggestions for how these institutions can enhance their undergraduate research programming, are discussed.
Using IRB Protocols to Teach Ethical Principles for Research and Everyday Life
Authors: Ritchie Kathy
Published: June 2021

Undergraduate research as a high-impact practice demonstrates many positive benefits for students, but little research has delved into the impact of ethical training for research, in particular submitting Institutional Review Board (IRB) protocols to determine if the study meets ethical standards for the treatment of human subjects. This study explored if students in two experimental and one nonexperimental research methods class benefited from increased knowledge of research ethics and how to apply them in daily-life situations if they participated in various aspects of IRB protocol procedures either as part of a class-based research project or by completing an IRB protocol activity for developing a hypothetical program to help families. Some students in all three classes had previously engaged in a 4-hr online extended training [the Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative (CITI) Program] in research ethics focused on the Belmont Report principles of beneficence, respect, and justice, but not in IRB protocols. Students were given a pre- and posttest to assess knowledge in both research and daily-life settings for applying the Belmont Report research ethics principles. Results indicate students gained greater knowledge of research ethics when they completed IRB protocol training during a class-based undergraduate research or program-design project, even if they had already completed some extended case-based training in the CITI Program. Results are discussed in terms of the value of using modified IRB protocol approaches as a high-impact practice to teach ethics in research and daily life to students.
Taxonomy for Developing Undergraduate Research Experiences as High-Impact Practices
Authors: Fischer Abbey E. , Immel Kathy R. , Wilkum Kristi , Lee Laura R.
Published: June 2021

The call to increase student participation in high-impact practices (HIPs) to improve student learning, satisfaction, and retention is being answered in a multitude of ways. Faculty and staff involved in undergraduate research see this as validation of their efforts, which it is. However, Kuh & O’Donnell’s (2013) work challenges research mentors to reevaluate their efforts in order to intentionally provide an even richer and more engaging research experience. Making undergraduate research a high-impact practice requires thinking inclusively about how the research experience can be scaled across the curriculum, adjusted to increase student engagement, and adapted to student preparation and desired learning outcomes. This article presents the work of a statewide multi-disciplinary faculty team that developed a scalable taxonomy for incorporating high-impact practices into student learning experiences and to serve as a roadmap for designing and assessing undergraduate research experiences. The authors offer a layered taxonomy, with milestones of increasing engagement, that establishes what sets a HIP undergraduate research experience apart from other HIP experiences and what distinguishes good practices from high-impact teaching. Aligning undergraduate research experiences with best practices across disciplines, types of research opportunities, and student achievement level was a key goal in the taxonomy development. We present cases where the taxonomy was applied to research opportunities embedded in general education courses across disciplines and different modalities. In these vignettes, the utility of the taxonomy as a tool for assessing course design and teaching effectiveness is examined and common challenges in development, implementation, and assessment of student learning experiences are also explored.
Undergraduate Research as System
Authors: Cruz Laura E , Anckle Devon , LaDage Lara , Chan Hilton Amy , Rieck Alan
Published: June 2021

This study examines the written and visual results of a participatory systems-mapping process used to explore undergraduate research at a large, public research university in the United States. With the university’s transition to a high-impact practice model, the institutional value of undergraduate research has increased, but challenges remain in implementing the practice equitably and inclusively, especially in the complex environment of higher education. The systems-mapping process reveals the subtle, often conflicting dynamics that underlie the undergraduate research enterprise, while simultaneously supporting the emergence of a shared vision, or story, of what the undergraduate research experience could be.
Consequences of COVID-19 for Markets and Productive Systems
Authors: Khan Syed Abdul Rehman
Published: June 2021

In December 2019, the first case of COVID-19 was diagnosed in Wuhan city of China. The virus spread in several countries quickly and created pressure on the global supply chain and production systems. Undeniably, due to COVID-19, the world economy has been badly disrupted, which required a couple of years to restore. This special issue mainly uncovers the difficulties and challenges faced by firms during the COVID-19 outbreak. Also, the special issue covered the innovative approaches and applications of digital technologies to control the spread of COVID-19 and mitigating the harmful effects on economic activities through promoting teleworking and virtual business activities.
Utilization of Trash Fish for Cultivation of Crablet Mud Crab (Scylla serrata)
Authors: Iromo Heppi , Rachmawani Dori , Jabarsyah Abdul , Zainuddin Zainuddin
Published: June 2021

The high demand for mud crabs in North Kalimantan causes catch to increase in the wild. If it is not balanced with efforts to increase its aquaculture of mud crab, in the future there will be a decline in population. This study aims to determine the growth and survival rate of mud crab seed (crablet, Scylla serrata) in the application method of different types of trash fish. This research used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The Crablet used carapace width average 0.07-0.09 cm and weigh average 0.05-0.07 g with total 150 crablets. The treatments applied by trash fish were (A) Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis mossambicus), (B) Longfin Herrings Fish (Ilisha elongata), (C) Sword Fish (Trichiurus lepturus) and (D) Snails (Telescopium telescopium). The results were The best weight growth of crablet occurs in the treatment of T. lepturus (P>0.05) and  the highest of survival rates of crablet were found in treatment T. telescopium (P<0.05)  than the other. The trash fish were used turned out to be able survival of crablet mud crab (Scylla serrata).
The Potential of Cytotoxin and Antiviral in Sargassum polycystum and Sargassum ilicifolium’s Polysaccharides Extract
Authors: Ningsih Dwi Lestari Widya , Trianto Agus , Widowati Ita , Magdugo Rexie , Hurtado Anicia , Marty Christel , Bourgougnon Nathalie
Published: June 2021

Marine algae known as one producers of bioactive compounds.  This study aims to analyze the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity in Sargassum polycystum and Sargassum ilicifolium tested with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV).   The polysaccharides extract of algae was used in this study, as sulfated polysaccharides have been reported has bioactivity.  Cytotoxicity either antiviral could be correlated with the sulfate content as well as nature and chemical composition of the polysaccharides. Cytotoxicity and antiviral analysis based upon cell viability. Using the Vero cell / HSV-1 model, cytotoxicity was evaluated by incubating cellular suspensions (3.5×105 cells.mL-1) with various dilutions (concentration from 1 to 500 µg.mL-1, four wells per concentration) of fractions in 96-well plates (72h, 37°C, 5% CO2) in Eagle's MEM containing 8% FCS.  The cells were examined daily under a phase-contrast microscope to determine the minimum concentration of hydrolysate dry matter that induced alterations in cell morphology, including swelling, shrinkage, granularity and detachment. Algae S. illicifolium was found to have the highest cytotoxic content in each solution compared to S. polycystum. Algae S. illicifolium in KOH 4M (cellulose) reached 2,707 µg.ml-1, then HCl pH 2 (fucoidan) was 2,477 µg.ml-1, then CaCl2 2% (fucoidan) was 2,362 µg.ml-1, and in Na2CO3 3% (alginates) was 2,134 µg.ml-1. For antiviral, S. polycystum contained the highest antiviral compounds compared to S. illicifolium with KOH 4M (cellulose) solution was reached 67.02 µg.ml-1.  Then in Na2CO3 3% (alginates) which was 33.25 µg.ml-1, then CaCl2 2% (fucoidan) which was 31.62 µg.ml-1,and HCl pH 2 (fucoidan) was 30.08 µg.ml-1.  After all, the highest bioactivity compounds was found with KOH 4M (cellulose) for  cytotoxicity in S. ilicifolium and antiviral activity in S. polycystum.
Effect of Salinities and Dietary Patterns toward Fullness of Gut and Gut Evacuation Time of the Newly Introduced Penaeus merguiensis Larvae
Authors: Ighwerb Mostafa Imhmed , Hutabarat Johannes , Yudiati Ervia , Pribadi Rudhi , Widianingsih Widianignsih , Hartati Retno , Nur II Abidin , Fauziah Arumning T. , Hidayati Jelita Rahma
Published: June 2021

The gut capacity of shrimp larvae is minimal, and their digestion is often challenged by the inevitable fact that they tend to develop slowly during the zoea stage. Many studies approved that the digestive capacity of shrimp larvae could be improved by increasing the retention time of food in the intestine. Gut evacuation time and fullness of the gut are crucial parameters in assessing the growth of shrimp larvae, and the diet as well as  environmental conditions indeed influence the activity of these parameters. Although many species of shrimps have a wide salinity tolerance, more specific research on salinity and its relation to the type of diet is necessary to find the optimum condition supporting the growth of shrimp larvae. By employing Penaeus merguiensis larvae, this study evaluates the effect of three nominal salinities (28, 32, and 36 ppt) and types of diets (Diet A: 100% live feed; Diet B: 100% FRIPPAK; Diet C: a combination of Diet A and Diet C, 50 % each) toward the fullness of gut and gut evacuation time of the newly introduced Penaeus merguiensis larvae culture. The result showed that the longest gut evacuation time and the highest percentage of gut's fullness were found in all Zoea reared with Diet A at salinity 28 and 32 ppt; Zoea-1 at 28 ppt with Diet A; Zoea-2 at 32 ppt with Diet A; Zoea-3 at 32 ppt with Diet A. Longer gut evacuation time would have an impact on the higher percentage of the fullness of gut. The higher fullness of the gut also indicates that the larvae have the best capacity to produce energy and achieve optimum growth.
Lifting coarse homotopies
Authors: Weighill Thomas
Published: June 2021

Coarse geometry, and in particular coarse homotopy theory, has proven to be a powerful tool for approaching problems in geometric group theory and higher index theory. In this paper,we continue to develop theory in this area by proving a Coarse Lifting Lemma with respect to a certain class of bornologous surjective maps. This class is wide enough to include quotients by coarsely discontinuous group actions, which allows us to obtain results concerning the coarse fundamental group of quotients which are analogous to classical topological results for the fundamental group. As an application, we compute the fundamental group of metric cones over negatively curved compact Riemannian manifolds.
Ambiguity avoidance as a factor in the rise of the English dative alternation
Authors: Zehentner Eva
Published: June 2021

This paper discusses the role of cognitive factors in language change; specifically, it investigates the potential impact of argument ambiguity avoidance on the emergence of one of the most well-studied syntactic alternations in English, viz. the dative alternation (We gave them cakevsWe gave cake to them). Linking this development to other major changes in the history of English like the loss of case marking, I propose that morphological as well as semantic-pragmatic ambiguity between prototypical agents (subjects) and prototypical recipients (indirect objects) in ditransitive clauses plausibly gave a processing advantage to patterns with higher cue reliability such as prepositional marking, but also fixed clause-level (SVO) order. The main hypotheses are tested through a quantitative analysis of ditransitives in a corpus of Middle English, which (i) confirms that the spread of the PP-construction is impacted by argument ambiguity and (ii) demonstrates that this change reflects a complex restructuring of disambiguation strategies.
Automated capture-based NGS workflow: one thousand patients experience in a clinical routine framework
Authors: Tenedini Elena , Celestini Fabio , Iapicca Pierluigi , Marino Marco , Castellano Sara , Artuso Lucia , Biagiarelli Fiammetta , Cortesi Laura , Toss Angela , Barbieri Elena , Roncucci Luca , Pedroni Monica , Manfredini Rossella , Luppi Mario , Trenti Tommaso , Tagliafico Enrico
Published: June 2021

Objectives

The Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) based mutational study of hereditary cancer genes is crucial to design tailored prevention strategies in subjects with different hereditary cancer risk. The ease of amplicon-based NGS library construction protocols contrasts with the greater uniformity of enrichment provided by capture-based protocols and so with greater chances for detecting larger genomic rearrangements and copy-number variations. Capture-based protocols, however, are characterized by a higher level of complexity of sample handling, extremely susceptible to human bias. Robotics platforms may definitely help dealing with these limits, reducing hands-on time, limiting random errors and guaranteeing process standardization.

Methods

We implemented the automation of the CE-IVD SOPHiA Hereditary Cancer Solution™ (HCS) libraries preparation workflow by SOPHiA GENETICS on the Hamilton’s STARlet platform. We present the comparison of results between this automated approach, used for more than 1,000 DNA patients’ samples, and the performances of the manual protocol evaluated by SOPHiA GENETICS onto 240 samples summarized in their HCS evaluation study.

Results

We demonstrate that this automated workflow achieved the same expected goals of manual setup in terms of coverages and reads uniformity, with extremely lower standard deviations among samples considering the sequencing reads mapped onto the regions of interest.

Conclusions

This automated solution offers same reliable and affordable NGS data, but with the essential advantages of a flexible, automated and integrated framework, minimizing possible human errors and depicting a laboratory’s walk-away scenario.
Die Idee des Schaminstinkts in Kants anthropologischen Schriften
Authors: Falcato Ana Cristina
Published: June 2021

This paper corrects a historical injustice that has been perpetrated against Kant for some time now. Mostly on good grounds, Kantian ethics have been accused of neglecting the role played by the emotions in moral deliberation and in morally informed action. However, the contemporary moral philosophers who have put forth such a claim tend to bypass textual sources, on the one hand, and to downplay the role played by the anthropological writings on Kant’s practical philosophy as a whole, on the other. Relying on highly relevant pre-critical texts in which Kant sketches future argumentative patterns and discusses the role of negative emotions like shame on the improvement of the human species, I address a mistaken conclusion about Kantian ethics as a whole that is common in contemporary Anglo-American philosophy. Finally, I raise some paradoxical conclusions that follow from Kant’s argument, once its implicit premises have been brought to light.
Herabsetzung, Selbstwertgefühl und Hass
Authors: Ferran Íngrid Vendrell
Published: June 2021

This paper examines the dynamic of belittlement and self-affirmation that is characteristic of hate. It argues that in hate we respond to a belittlement of our feeling of self-worth with an extreme form of self-affirmation which consists in regarding the other as evil and as deserving of being annihilated. Analyzing the origins and causes of hate, I develop a taxonomy of its main forms and distinguish between retributive, normative, malicious, and ideological hate. I show that all forms of hate aim at increasing our feeling of self-worth. This common aim, however, is not always achieved: while retributive and normative hate can lead to an enhancement of one’s feeling of self-worth, in malicious and ideological hate such enhancement remains illusory and subject to self-deception. Finally, I argue that hate can never be morally justified.
Hass und die negative Dialektik affektiver Herabsetzung
Authors: Szanto Thomas
Published: June 2021

In the past few years, social and cultural theorists have pointed to the dynamic and performative character of forms of disparagement such as public shaming, humiliation, invective or hate speech. In this paper, I endorse a different route and focus on the distinctive affective and dialectical nature of what might be called the ‘politics of disparagement’. I will do so by elaborating on the affective intentionality of hatred, which can be seen as an affective attitude that paradigmatically encapsulates the dialectical antagonism at play in the politics of disparagement. I argue that the affective intentionality of hatred is distinctive in three interrelated ways: First, it has an overgeneralising, indeterminate affective focus, which typically leads to a certain collectivisation of its target. Secondly, short of a determinate affective focus, haters derive the indeed extreme affective powers of the attitude not in reaction to any specific features or actions of the targets or from some phenomenological properties of the attitude but, rather, from the sheer commitment to the attitude itself. Finally, in sharing this commitment to hate with others, hatred involves a certain negative dialectics and becomes entrenched as a shared habitus. Ultimately, I suggest that we can only counteract the politics of disparagement if we understand how a shared commitment to disparagement and hatred establishes its own normative logic, which not only concerns their victims but also, dialectically, sanctions their enactors.
Shunning Banks or Depending on Them? Crypto Markets and the Rise of Crypto-Friendly Banking
Authors: Athanassiou Phoebus L.
Published: June 2021

Often touted as the opposite of money and banks, crypto-assets and their ecosystem may gradually be coming to terms with the idea that their success will also depend on their issuers’ readiness to adhere to conventional financial practices, on their acceptance of the preponderant role that banks have to play in the financial system, and on their ability to access basic banking services. Some within the banking community are starting to reciprocate the attention, by positioning themselves so as to serve the needs of crypto assets and their ecosystem, as a promising source of revenue at a challenging time for bank profitability. No less important for the emergence of crypto-friendly banks than the risk appetite of existing or new banking service providers is the regulators’, supervisors’ and policy makers’ stance vis-à-vis crypto-friendly banking. This paper explores the relationship of dependency between crypto and banks, how some banks around the world are facing up to the challenge of serving crypto-assets and their holders, and how policy makers, regulators and supervisors in Europe and elsewhere may want to position themselves vis-à-vis the incipient phenomenon of crypto-friendly banking.
The Recognition and Enforcement of UK Insolvency Proceedings in Spain After a Hard-Brexit. Special Reference to Schemes of Arrangement
Authors: Flores Marta
Published: June 2021

After Brexit, the United Kingdom will become a third State to all effects. As far as insolvency is related, this will imply substantial changes regarding the recognition and enforcement of the UK insolvency proceedings. This paper purports to analyze the consequences a Hard-Brexit will have on insolvency-related matters, by describing the effects that should be expected with regard to the recognition in Spain of each of the proceedings that the UK legislation foresees for financially distressed debtors, namely administration, winding-up, voluntary agreements, bankruptcy and schemes of arrangement (which are dealt with separately due to their hybrid nature).
Behavioural Economic Influences on Primary Market Disclosure – The Case of the EU Regulation on European Crowdfunding Service Providers
Authors: Serdaris Konstantinos
Published: June 2021

On 5 October 2020, as part of the Capital Markets Union (CMU) project, the European Parliament adopted, in second reading, Regulation (EU) 2020/1503 on European crowdfunding service providers for business (‘ECSP Regulation’). This Regulation, which shall apply as of 10 November 2021, consists of rules which aim at improving access to crowdfunding for EU businesses in need of capital, particularly start-ups, while, at the same time, providing a high level of protection to investors. To attain that it builds on three sets of measures: clear rules on information disclosures for project owners and crowdfunding platforms; rules on platform governance and risk management; and a coherent approach to supervision and enforcement. The focus of this article is on the disclosure-related set of provisions. Its aim is to demonstrate how the new rules embrace a more behavioural approach to primary market disclosure which, in contrast to the paradigm of full disclosure, focuses on the content, quality and framing of disclosure as an alternative means of enabling informed and, thus, allocatively efficient investment decisions. In a second step, it seeks to provide a preliminary evaluation of these measures both from a practical and a normative perspective.
Chemokine receptor antagonists with α1-adrenergic receptor blocker activity
Authors: DeSantis Anthony J. , Enten Garrett A. , Gao Xianlong , Majetschak Matthias
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Chemokine receptor antagonists are being explored for their therapeutic potential in various disease processes. As the chemokine (C–C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) antagonist RS504393 is known to compete with ligand binding to α1-adrenoceptors, we tested a panel of 10 CCR antagonists for interactions with α1-adrenoceptors to evaluate potential cardiovascular activities and side-effect profiles.

Methods

The PRESTO-Tango β-arrestin recruitment assay was utilized to test whether the CCR antagonists interfere with α1b-AR activation upon stimulation with phenylephrine. Pressure myography with isolated rat resistance arteries was employed to assess their effects on phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction. The following antagonists were tested: CCR1–BX471, BX513, BI639667; CCR2–RS504393, INCB3284; CCR3–SB328437; and CCR4–AZD2098, and C021; CCR5–Maraviroc; CCR10-BI6901. The pan-α1-adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin was used as control.

Results

Among the CCR antagonists tested, RS504393, BX513, and C021 inhibited phenylephrine-induced β-arrestin recruitment to α1b-adrenoceptor and phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction. While RS504393 functioned as a competitive α1-adrenoceptor blocker, BX513 and C021 functioned as noncompetitive α1-adrenoceptor antagonists in both assay systems. Furthermore, RS504393, BX513, and C021 dose-dependently dilated arteries that were fully preconstricted with phenylephrine.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that CCR antagonists should be screened for cross-reactivity with α1-adrenoceptors to exclude potential adverse cardiovascular effects when used as anti inflammatory drugs.
Einsprachigkeit, Fremdsprachigkeit, Mehrsprachigkeit und Transsprachigkeit in der sprachhistorischen Forschung zu Text und Diskurs
Authors: Mende Jana-Katharina
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag behandelt die Berücksichtigung historischer Mehrsprachigkeit in text- und diskurshistorischen Analysen. Er klärt relevante Konzepte zum Verständnis von Mehrsprachigkeit und ihr Verhältnis innerhalb der sprachhistorischen Text- und Diskursforschung. Dann beschreibt er existierende und potenzielle Forschungen zur historischen Mehrsprachigkeit in Texten. Damit trägt er zur theoretischen Auseinandersetzung mit einer postnationalen, postmonolingualen Sprachgeschichte bei.