bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health Scores Predict Patients Achieving the Minimal Clinically Important Difference in the Early Postoperative Time Period After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Darrith Brian , Khalil Lafi S. , Franovic Sreten , Bazydlo Michael , Weir Robb M. , Banka Trevor R. , Davis Jason J.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

The patient-specific factors influencing postoperative improvement after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are important considerations for the surgeon and patient. The primary purpose of this study was to determine which patient demographic factors influence the postoperative Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health (GH) scores. In addition, we aimed to compare the prognostic utility of preoperative PROMIS-GH scores and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Replacement (KOOS-JR) in predicting postoperative improvement.

Methods:

This retrospective cohort study of a consecutive series of patients who underwent primary, unilateral TKA analyzed prospectively collected KOOS-JR and PROMIS-GH surveys. PROMIS-GH includes physical health (PH) and mental health scores. Patient demographic and presurgical characteristics were evaluated for prognostic capability in predicting postoperative improvement in the PROMIS scores and achievement of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to understand the prognostic thresholds of the preoperative PROMIS score and KOOS-JR for predicting MCID achievement.

Results:

A total of 872 patients were included. Although unadjusted analyses showed associations between patient demographic factors and PROMIS-PH scores, multivariable regression analysis for predictors of MCID achievement demonstrated that PROMIS-PH was the only significant preoperative variable. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the area under the curve of PROMIS-PH (0.70; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.74) was less than that of the KOOS-JR (0.77; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.81; P = 0.032). Sensitivity and specificity for achieving the MCID were maximized for preoperative PROMIS-PH scores of ≤ 38 (59% and 70%) and for preoperative KOOS-JR ≤ 51 (71% and 69%).

Conclusions:

Preoperative KOOS-JR and PROMIS-PH scores predict clinically meaningful improvement after TKA. The KOOS-JR has greater prognostic utility in the early postoperative period.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, Prognostic Study
Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Language and Literature Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2
Authors: Ding Alice
Published: June 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for English Language and Literature Studies, Vol. 11, No. 2, 2021.
PRIMARY ELEMENTS AND PRIME POWER ELEMENTS IN MULTIPLICATIVE LATTICES
Authors: JAYARAM C. , JOHNSON E. W.
Published: June 2021

PRIMARY ELEMENTS AND PRIME POWER ELEMENTS IN MULTIPLICATIVE LATTICES
TOTALLY UMBILICAL CR-SUBMANIFOLDS OF A NEARLY KAEHLER MANIFOLD
Authors: KON S. H. , TAN SIN-LENG
Published: June 2021

The geometry of a CR-submanifold in a Kaehler manifold has been extensively studied. B.Y . Chen has classified the totally umbilical CR-submanifolds of a Kaehler manifold and showed that they are either totally geodesic, or totally real or dim$(D^{\perp}) =1$. In this paper we show that such a result is also true in a nearly Kaehler manifold.
ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF UNIVERSALLY OPTIMAL BLOCK DESIGNS WITH NESTED ROWS AND COLUMNS
Authors: FU HUNG LIN , PAO HSIAO TIEN
Published: June 2021

This paper presents a simple method for constructing universally opti­ mal block designs with nested rows and columns for number of treatments greater than the number of columns. By allowing a near maximum trace in $\Delta_{v,p,q}$, we pro­ pose an initial row-column design to achieve a completely symmetric information matrix in much lesser than $v!$ blocks. This constructive method is then extended to the case when balanced incomplete block design is given in the columns.
MEROMORPHIC UNIVALENT FUNCTIONS WITH NEGATIVE COEFFICIENTS
Authors: SARANGI S. M. , URALEGADDI SUGUNA B.
Published: June 2021

Coefficient inequalities, distortion theorem, extreme points and prop­ erty preserving integral operators are obtained for certam subclasses of meromor­phic starlike functions with negative coefficints. Convolutions of functions in these classes are also obtained.
THE FAMILY OF FUNCTIONS $S_{\alpha, k}$ AND THE LIENARD EQUATION
Authors: GUIDORlZZI HAMILTON LUIZ
Published: June 2021

In this paper we study qualitatively the Lienard Equation $\ddot x+f(x)\dot x+g(x)=0$ with aid of the non-usual family of funct10ns given by

\[ S_{\alpha, k}(x, y)=\int^{y+F(x)-\alpha G(x)-k}_0 \frac{s}{\alpha s+1} ds +\int_0^x g(u) du\]

where$F(x)=\int_0^x f(u) du$, $G(x)=\int_0^x g(u) du$ and $\alpha, k\in R$.
A selection of remarks on the measurement of correlations between variables of a panel data structure
Authors: Kowerski Mieczysław , Bielak Jarosław
Published: June 2021

Many articles featuring panel data modelling tend to begin their considerations with an introduction of the Pearson linear correlation coefficients matrix between the analysed variables. The aim of the article is to prove such an approach unsuitable in the analysis of panel data dependencies. Instead, an attempt has been made to propose a more appropriate measure – a correlation coefficient between the empirical and fitted values of the dependent variable of the estimated panel model (with fixed or random effects) in relation to the variable whose dependency towards the dependent variable is being studied.
Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient does not reflect the basic advantage of panel data, which is the ability to provide information about the dependencies of the studied phenomena simultaneously in time and space. The fact that one observation relates to object i during period t and another to object j during period t + 1 is irrelevant for the calculation of the coefficient. Pearson’s coefficient, however, can be used when conducting sub-calculations in panel data analysis.
The presented considerations have been illustrated by the calculations of the relationships between the structure of capital and the profitability and size of 17 construction companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in the years 2009–2018 (170 observations) which created a balanced panel. A specification of the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed solution was formulated on the basis of the calculations.
The application of the Pareto distribution to approximate income distributions of wealthy households in Poland
Authors: Pekasiewicz Dorota
Published: June 2021

The aim of the paper is to approximate the equivalent income distributions of wealthy households in particular socio-economic groups using the Pareto distribution, with parameters estimated by means of the maximum likelihood estimation method. Households whose income exceeded the established wealth threshold were classified as wealthy households. Income distributions of wealthy households are usually non-modal and heavy-tailed, thus, the Pareto distribution was applied as their theoretical model. The equivalent income of wealthy households in Poland was analysed in total and in particular socio-economic groups. The research was based on data from the 2014–2017 Household Budget Survey. Selected similarity measures were used to examine the degree to which the theoretical distributions proved consistent with the empirical ones. The obtained results confirmed the high level of consistency of empirical income distributions with the Pareto model. Moreover, very good approximations were obtained especially for wealthy households of employees and self-employed, as well as pensioners. Slightly worse results were obtained for the farmers group. Theoretical distributions well fitted to empirical data were used to estimate selected distribution characteristics, including measures of location, dispersion and inequality, and to compare the different groups in terms of their wealth.
The effectiveness of commercial gel baits against German cockroach Blattella germanica (Linnaeus, 1767) in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Resti , Sari Intan P. , Aurida Hafni , Solfiyeni Solfiyeni , Jannatan Robby , Mairawita Mairawita
Published: June 2021

Gel baits product sold commercially to the public has long been used to control German cockroach populations in urban areas. The effectiveness and resistance level of gel bait products need to be known for the successful control of German cockroaches in the field. However, there have been no reports of resistance in Indonesia. This study used toxicity tests of six gel bait products (MF, CBG, SPB, OTG, BTX, and UBA) against two populations of adult male German cockroaches (VCRU-WHO and RKMN-BKT). Fipronil, boric acid and emamectin benzoate containing gel baits were effective to knock down and kill the German cockroaches. In contrast, gel bait with imidacloprid as an active ingredient was only useful to knock down the German cockroaches. Commercial gel bait product in Indonesia are still useful in controlling German cockroaches’ populations with a time of effectiveness to cause mortality between three to four weeks after being exposed in the field and the level of cockroach resistance to gel bait are susceptible until low resistance.
Performance of Right-Turn Lane Designs at Intersections
Authors: Ukkusuri Satish , Ling Lu , Le Tho V. , Zhang Wenbo
Published: June 2021

Right-turn lane (RTL) crashes are among the most key contributors to intersection crashes in the US. Different right turn lanes based on their design, traffic volume, and location have varying levels of crash risk. Therefore, engineers and researchers have been looking for alternative ways to improve the safety and operations for right-turn traffic. This study investigates the traffic safety performance of the RTL in Indiana state based on multi-sources, including official crash reports, official database, and field study. To understand the RTL crashes' influencing factors, we introduce a random effect negative binomial model and log-linear model to estimate the impact of influencing factors on the crash frequency and severity and adopt the robustness test to verify the reliability of estimations. In addition to the environmental factors, spatial and temporal factors, intersection, and RTL geometric factors, we propose build environment factors such as the RTL geometrics and intersection characteristics to address the endogeneity issues, which is rarely addressed in the accident-related research literature. Last, we develop a case study with the help of the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT). The empirical analyses indicate that RTL crash frequency and severity is mainly influenced by turn radius, traffic control, and other intersection related factors such as right-turn type and speed limit, channelized type, and AADT, acceleration lane and AADT. In particular, the effects of these factors are different among counties and right turn lane roadway types.
A Sala de Aula Invertida Ressignificada no Contexto do Ensino Remoto de Robótica para Formação de Professores
Authors: Pancieri Jussara Pinto , Porto Bruno , Oliveira Márcia Gonçalves de , Battestin Vanessa
Published: June 2021

A Robótica Educacional é um campo relativamente novo que tem potencial de aproximar a realidade do aluno com os conteúdos educacionais, principalmente quando se utilizam metodologias de aprendizagem ativa e integram-se múltiplas áreas de conhecimentos. Nessa perspectiva, diante da carência de soluções de formação de professores em computação e automação, apresentamos neste trabalho uma Oficina Online de Introdução à Robótica Educacional para formação de professores. O objetivo dessa oficina foi promover uma reflexão e reorientação de estratégias de inovação para as práticas educativas preparando professores para a mediação de uma aprendizagem criativa a partir dos conceitos do Pensamento Computacional no desenvolvimento de pequenos projetos robóticos. Essa proposta foi pensada com a metodologia de Sala de Aula Invertida, mas devido à impossibilidade de realização de atividades presenciais por causa da pandemia de Covid-19, ressignificamos o uso dessa metodologia para um o contexto de ensino remoto de Robótica Educacional. Dessa forma, a formação de professores foi realizada totalmente online com atividades distribuídas em momentos síncronos e assíncronos com as práticas de robótica no simulador online Tinkercad. Os resultados obtidos apontam para pontos relevantes da prática de ensino remoto de robótica que poderão impactar positivamente no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, uma vez que as práticas em robótica levaram à compreensão e à reflexão dos passos na resolução de problemas a partir do Pensamento Computacional.
The Process of Emotional Regulation
Authors: OB Madden Lorraine , Reynolds Rebecca
Published: June 2021

Emotional regulation is a developmental skill that everyone must learn. It is the ability for you to tune into, make sense of and control your own strong feelings. It affectively influences how well you can adapt to situations and events in your life, as well as how you navigate and adapt to the world. A lack of healthy emotional regulation can lead one to become dysregulated. Two important phenomenon underpin our ability to regulate: emotional complexity and splitting. The more acknowledgment and understanding that we give to our emotions (not just the thoughts in our mind but the feelings in our better), the more control and problem solving skills we can harness to sustain a good standard of personal well-being.
An Analysis of Economic Determinants and Crime in Selected Gauteng Local Municipalities
Authors: Garidzirai Rufaro
Published: June 2021

The relationship between macroeconomic objectives and crime is intertwined and cannot be overemphasized. This subject has created an endless debate and at the centre of this debate is what causes the other? In contributing to this academic debate, the current study investigates the impact of macroeconomic objectives on crime. Furthermore, the study examined the question “what causes the other?”. In achieving these two aims, the study employed a Pooled Mean Group and the Granger Causality analysis from 1996–2019. The Pooled Mean Group results reveal that poverty and inequality are the main causes of crime in the Gauteng province. On the other hand, economic growth, education and employment reduces crime. Since Gauteng is the economic harbor of Africa, many jobs should be created therein to reduce poverty and inequality that have a negative impact on crime.
Plastic Deformation Behavior in Steels during Metal Forming Processes: A Review
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Povoden-Karadeniz Erwin
Published: June 2021

The plastic deformation occurs in steels during metal forming processing such as rolling, forging, high-pressure torsion, etc. which modify mechanical properties of materials through the grain refinement, and the shape change of objects. Several phenomena in the scope of plastic deformation, such as hardening, recovery, and recrystallization are of great importance in designing thermomechanical processing. During the last decades, a focus of research groups has been devoted particularly to the field of metals processing of steel parts through plastic deformation combined with specific heat treatment conditions. In this review chapter, the current status of research work on the role of plastic deformation during manufacturing is illuminated.
Rhea americanaDistribution: Range Expansion and Introductions of America’s Largest Bird
Authors: B.P. de Miranda Everton
Published: June 2021

Species distribution is a good predictor of several important traits, including threat status. Additionally, species expanding out of their original range can become invasive and this trend must be evaluated objectively. The greater rhea (Rhea americana) is a flightless large-sized avian species that thrives on open landscapes of South America. The species has been affected by the conversion of their savanna habitat into cropland and pastures, as well as benefited from forest conversion into fields at neighboring ecoregions. I propose to evaluate those range expansions, contractions and extirpations, as well as to depict the current species distribution. Here I show that greater rheas have expanded their range out of the “dry lands diagonal” into degraded portions of forested ecosystems—more extensively on the Amazon Forest—while persisting in human-altered landscapes of their historical range. This suggests that the species is faring well regarding conservation, which does not justify its current status at IUCN. Additionally, the potential ecological interactions of the species in newly colonized environments must be investigated. The faunal savanization undergoing in the Neotropics accounts on many new ecological interactions, of which greater rheas are a relevant part. Future actions of management may improve the species conservation profile.
A Collaborative Health Promotion Approach to Improve Rural Health Delivery and Health Outcomes in Ghana: A Case Example of a Community-Based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) Strategy
Authors: Adam Awolu , Fusheini Adam , Dramani Kipo-Sunyehzi Daniel
Published: June 2021

Rural health is a core component of public health but developing rural is a major public challenge, especially, in poor and resource-limited settings around the world. Poor rural healthcare, both access and quality is a strong contributory factor in poor health outcomes such as high maternal, under-five, and infant mortality rates in developing countries, particularly, in sub-Sahara Africa; as millions of rural folks including women and children face many challenges in accessing primary healthcare. This chapter will examine these challenges in rural communities that negatively affect health outcomes and create health disparities between rural and urban populations in Ghana. We will discuss how maternal and child health outcomes can be improved through collaborative rural health promotion. A case for collaborative rural health promotion efforts will be made in this chapter and a community-based health planning and delivery service (CHPS) model will be presented as an example of collaborative rural health promotion in Ghana.
Forecasting the Long-Term Effects of the Pandemic on Children: Towards a COVID-Generation
Authors: Pelekasis Panagiotis
Published: June 2021

This study focuses on mapping the existing effects of the pandemic and the measures taken to address it on the mental health of children in order to investigate the long-term consequences that it is expected to have. For infants, preschool, school and adolescent children it seems that intense stress develops for different reasons. As adults these children may experience an increased incidence of anxiety, depressive, obsessive–compulsive and personality disorders, while they are also expected to develop a strong External Locus of Control, low Faith in the Just World and low happiness. At the same time, an absence of distinction within the limits of the physical and digital world is expected. As for children with special educational needs, they are particularly affected due to the pandemic, as early diagnosis and the development of interventions to improve their educational and psychosocial progress are hampered and this might have negative long-term effects on their development. In overall, these negative effects and related experiences seem to be homogeneous across humanity for those who are currently minors and are expected to lead to the view of an autonomous generation, the COVID-generation.
Children Living a Global Pandemic: Anxiety Repercussions
Authors: I. Garcia-Adasme Salvador , López-Escobar Alejandro
Published: June 2021

A global pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is still beaten our world. The disease, termed COVID-19 by the WHO, has a wide range of clinical manifestations, ranging from a mild, self-limiting form of the disease to multiple organ failure and death, forcing governments to take measures to mitigate the transmission and reduce the economic impact. However, the paediatric manifestation appears to take a milder form of the disease but they are not oblivious to the consequences of the disease. They suffered personal and parental lost, broke their social relationships, forced to home confinement, school closures, all of them with secondary implications. As a result, children’s anxiety levels and manifestations have increased during pandemic. To prevent and counteract this situation, measures were implemented like increase physical activity, a balanced diet, and regular sleep pattern; and in relationship sphere use social media to stay in touch with school mates and relatives.
Uncertainty, Sex and Sexuality during the Pandemic: Impact on Psychosocial Resilience
Authors: Banerjee Debanjan , Mukhopadhyay Sanchari , Tandon Abhinav , Sathyanarayana Rao T.S.
Published: June 2021

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a global unprecedented health threat. Besides the myriad of effects on public health, the psychosocial implications of the outbreak have been far-fetched. Though the increased prevalence of psychiatric disorders, reduced access to care and social vulnerabilities have been highlighted in literature, the immense impact on sexuality and psychosexual health tends to be silent. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines sexual health as “a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity.” Sexual practices and intimacy have been influenced by more ways than one, namely fear of infection, ambiguity about viral spread, misinformation, physical distancing, travel restrictions, intimate partner violence and deprivation of ‘social touch’. The frontline workers, socio-economically impoverished groups, age and sexual minorities are especially affected. Sexual and reproductive rights are compromised due to reduced help-seeking, panic and stigma related to the outbreak. Psychological resilience helps one navigate through stressful situations and assumes a special importance during the ongoing crisis. This chapter reviews the multi-faceted intersections between sexual health and resilience, highlights the possible roles of pandemic-related uncertainty and advocates for certain guidelines to promote and preserve healthy expressions of sexuality for coping during COVID-19.
Graves’ Disease: Pathophysiology, Genetics and Management
Authors: S. Khan Mosin , S. Lone Suhail , Faiz Sunia , Farooq Iqra , Majid Sabhiya
Published: June 2021

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder in which hyperthyroidism (over active thyroid) is caused by the autoantibodies against the TSH receptor. It is mainly characterized by the appearance of goiter. The symptoms are wide ranging as thyroid hormone affects many body systems. It is common in women and in people with age below than 40. Graves’ disease is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors while genetics being the main cause. Graves’ disease is not a single gene defect but has a complex pattern of inheritance. Today it is clear that genetic predisposition to Graves’ disease is caused by multiple genes. HLA gene is one the most studied gene predisposing to Graves’ disease. Lot of polymorphisms in this gene has been to be associated with the disease. Lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase encoded by the gene PTPN22 has been found to increase the risk of many autoimmune diseases including Graves’ disease. The best documented association of PTPN22 variants to autoimmune disorders including GD is rs2476601 (C1858T). Other genes associated with the risk of GD are thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), thyroglobulin gene, FCRL3, SCGB3A2, and CTLA4. This chapter will discuss in detail the genetics, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of Graves’ hyperthyroidism.
Hegel on Determinate Religion
Authors: Schlitt Dale M. ,   Hegel Society of America
Published: June 2021

With his important, history-contextualizing study, Jon Stewart has drawn renewed attention to Hegel’s often neglected philosophical interpretation of determinate religion. He focuses on Hegel’s philosophical reading of distinct historical religions, in which Hegel brings them together in serial fashion. In so doing, Hegel proposes a unique philosophy of determinate religion which constitutes an essential element in his philosophical argument in favor of the consummate religion, historically instantiated in Christianity. Stewart’s study is, in effect, an invitation to look again at Hegel’s monumental effort to comprehend religion in its varied historical realizations. The present article proposes to respond to this invitation in a preliminary and modest way. We note various claims Hegel makes regarding his philosophy of determinate religion and then identify a number of challenges arising from these claims. Against this background of claims and challenges, we conclude with an appreciation of Stewart’s work. The appreciation proceeds in four steps: first, a recall of what Stewart intends to do, the focus he adopts, and the theses he argues; second, a review of his emphasis on Hegel’s contexts and sources; third, several remarks on his reading of Hegel on determinate religion; fourth, a reflection on important contributions Stewart makes to the present and future study of Hegel on determinate religion.
Prediction of Early Recanalization after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Large-Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Kim Young Dae , Nam Hyo Suk , Yoo Joonsang , Park Hyungjong , Sohn Sung-Il , Hong Jeong-Ho , Kim Byung Moon , Kim Dong Joon , Bang Oh Young , Seo Woo-Keun , Chung Jong-Won , Lee Kyung-Yul , Jung Yo Han , Lee Hye Sun , Ahn Seong Hwan , Shin Dong Hoon , Choi Hye-Yeon , Cho Han-Jin , Baek Jang-Hyun , Kim Gyu Sik , Seo Kwon-Duk , Kim Seo Hyun , Song Tae-Jin , Kim Jinkwon , Han Sang Won , Park Joong Hyun , Lee Sung Ik , Heo JoonNyung , Choi Jin Kyo , Heo Ji Hoe ,   on behalf of the Thrombus Imaging Study Group and the SECRET Study Group
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose We aimed to develop a model predicting early recanalization after intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) treatment in large-vessel occlusion.Methods Using data from two different multicenter prospective cohorts, we determined the factors associated with early recanalization immediately after t-PA in stroke patients with large-vessel occlusion, and developed and validated a prediction model for early recanalization. Clot volume was semiautomatically measured on thin-section computed tomography using software, and the degree of collaterals was determined using the Tan score. Follow-up angiographic studies were performed immediately after t-PA treatment to assess early recanalization.Results Early recanalization, assessed 61.0±44.7 minutes after t-PA bolus, was achieved in 15.5% (15/97) in the derivation cohort and in 10.5% (8/76) in the validation cohort. Clot volume (odds ratio [OR], 0.979; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.961 to 0.997; P=0.020) and good collaterals (OR, 6.129; 95% CI, 1.592 to 23.594; P=0.008) were significant factors associated with early recanalization. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model including clot volume was 0.819 (95% CI, 0.720 to 0.917) and 0.842 (95% CI, 0.746 to 0.938) in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. The AUC improved when good collaterals were added (derivation cohort: AUC, 0.876; 95% CI, 0.802 to 0.950; P=0.164; validation cohort: AUC, 0.949; 95% CI, 0.886 to 1.000; P=0.036). The integrated discrimination improvement also showed significantly improved prediction (0.097; 95% CI, 0.009 to 0.185; P=0.032).Conclusions The model using clot volume and collaterals predicted early recanalization after intravenous t-PA and had a high performance. This model may aid in determining the recanalization treatment strategy in stroke patients with large-vessel occlusion.
How Cerebral Vessel Tortuosity Affects Development and Recurrence of Aneurysm: Outer Curvature versus Bifurcation Type
Authors: Kim Hyung Jun , Song Ha-Na , Lee Ji-Eun , Kim Yoon-Chul , Baek In-Young , Kim Ye-Sel , Chung Jong-Won , Jee Tae Keun , Yeon Je Young , Bang Oh Young , Kim Gyeong-Moon , Kim Keon-Ha , Kim Jong-Soo , Hong Seung-Chyul , Seo Woo-Keun , Jeon Pyeong
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose Previous studies have assessed the relationship between cerebral vessel tortuosity and intracranial aneurysm (IA) based on two-dimensional brain image analysis. We evaluated the relationship between cerebral vessel tortuosity and IA according to the hemodynamic location using three-dimensional (3D) analysis and studied the effect of tortuosity on the recurrence of treated IA.Methods We collected clinical and imaging data from patients with IA and disease-free controls. IAs were categorized into outer curvature and bifurcation types. Computerized analysis of the images provided information on the length of the arterial segment and tortuosity of the cerebral arteries in 3D space.Results Data from 95 patients with IA and 95 controls were analyzed. Regarding parent vessel tortuosity index (TI; P<0.01), average TI (P<0.01), basilar artery (BA; P=0.02), left posterior cerebral artery (P=0.03), both vertebral arteries (VAs; P<0.01), and right internal carotid artery (P<0.01), there was a significant difference only in the outer curvature type compared with the control group. The outer curvature type was analyzed, and the occurrence of an IA was associated with increased TI of the parent vessel, average, BA, right middle cerebral artery, and both VAs in the logistic regression analysis. However, in all aneurysm cases, recanalization of the treated aneurysm was inversely associated with increased TI of the parent vessels.Conclusions TIs of intracranial arteries are associated with the occurrence of IA, especially in the outer curvature type. IAs with a high TI in the parent vessel showed good outcomes with endovascular treatment.
Current Approaches to the Treatment of Post-Stroke Aphasia
Authors: Fridriksson Julius , Hillis Argye Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

Aphasia, impairment of language after stroke or other neurological insult, is a common and often devastating condition that affects nearly every social activity and interaction. Behavioral speech and language therapy is the mainstay of treatment, although other interventions have been introduced to augment the effects of the behavioral therapy. In this narrative review, we discuss advances in aphasia therapy in the last 5 years and focus primarily on properly powered, randomized, controlled trials of both behavioral therapies and interventions to augment therapy for post-stroke aphasia. These trials include evaluation of behavioral therapies and computer-delivered language therapies. We also discuss outcome prediction trials as well as interventional trials that have employed noninvasive brain stimulation, or medications to augment language therapy. Supported by evidence from Phase III trials and large meta-analyses, it is now generally accepted that aphasia therapy can improve language processing for many patients. Not all patients respond similarly to aphasia therapy with the most severe patients being the least likely responders. Nevertheless, it is imperative that all patients, regardless of severity, receive aphasia management focused on direct therapy of language deficits, counseling, or both. Emerging evidence from Phase II trials suggests transcranial brain stimulation is a promising method to boost aphasia therapy outcomes.
Comparison of Microleakage and Compressive Strength of Different Base Materials
Authors: Jang Eunyeong , Lee Jaesik , Nam Soonhyeun , Kwon Taeyub , Kim Hyunjung
Published: June 2021

This study compared the microleakages and compressive strengths of various base materials.
To evaluate microleakages, 50 extracted permanent premolars were prepared. The teeth divided into 5 groups of 10 each according to the base materials. Cavities with a 5.0 mm width, 3.0 mm length, and 3.0 mm depth were formed on the buccal surfaces of the teeth. After filling the cavities with different base materials, a composite resin was used for final restoration. Each specimen was immersed in 2% methylene blue solution and then observed under a stereoscopic microscope (× 30). To evaluate the compressive strength, 5 cylindrical specimens were prepared for each base material. A universal testing machine was used to measure the compressive strength.
The microleakage was highest in the Riva light cureTM group and lowest in the BiodentineTM and Well-RootTM PT groups. For the compressive strengths, in all groups, acceptable strength values for base materials were found. The highest compressive strength was observed in the Fuji II LCTM group and the lowest strength in the Well-RootTM PT group.
As vantagens, desvantagens e cautelas na contratação das parcerias público-privadas pela gestão pública
Authors: Diniz Alessandra Santos , Paula Carlos Eduardo Artiaga , Zuin Débora Carneiro , Melo Diego Queiroz
Published: June 2021

A gestão pública, a partir de déficit de recursos orçamentários, passa a envidar esforços para alcançar a eficiência e, com isso, para atender a demandas sociais, como o oferecimento de serviços e obras de infraestrutura. Diante desse contexto, surgem as Parcerias Público-Privadas (PPPs) como forma de financiar obras e serviços do setor público sem, no entanto, comprometer o orçamento fiscal. Assim, as PPPs vão surgir em diversos países como uma solução menos onerosa e com fincas a unir a expertise do setor privado em investimentos com o setor público. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo visa, por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica sistematizada, indicar as vantagens e as desvantagens na utilização dessa nova modalidade de contrato administrativo no cenário brasileiro. Os resultados do estudo revelam que apesar de existirem algumas desvantagens na sua utilização, tais como: o excesso de facilidades para o parceiro privado, elevados custos iniciais, complexidade dos projetos e o risco de endividamento do setor público quanto a divisão dos riscos presentes nos contratos, percebe-se que mesmo diante desses aspectos negativos, as PPPs se realizadas de forma cautelosa prezando pela observância dos ditames legais, da manutenção do equilíbrio econômico-financeiro do contrato e com uma fiscalização ativa do Poder Público sob todas as fases do certame essa parceria pode trazer benefícios para os atores envolvidos, bem como, para os cidadãos que serão os maiores favorecidos com a oferta de melhores serviços e obras de infraestrutura, as quais serão prestadas de forma mais eficiente, com otimização dos recursos, mão de obra qualificada aliada ao emprego de tecnologia de ponta advinda do parceiro privado. Seguindo esses passos, o Value for Money (VFM) dos contratos envolvendo as PPPs se mostrou assertivo e gerador de resultados positivos.
Predileção de substrato por espécies hematófagas de simuliidae (diptera) da região sudeste do Brasil para controle vetorial
Authors: Santos Ruann Guimaraes dos , Marinho Willian Rodrigues da Costa
Published: June 2021

A família Simuliidae ocorreem regiões de ambientes lóticos, como rios e riachos, ambientes muito abundantes no Brasil, principalmente na região Sudeste do país. Assim como outros dípteros, eles apresentam a necessidade de realizar o repasto sanguíneo, abrindo, assim, uma via vetorial para patógenos e diferentes enfermidades. Os principais patógenos atrelados à picada das espécies de simulídeos são filárias, do gênero Mansonella e da espécie Onchocerca Volvulus. Esses parasitas são perigosos, pois causam diversas comorbidades. Além disso, os simulídeos apresentam a capacidade de gerar agravos imunológicos e alérgicos em animais e humanos. Por se tratar de um vetor causador de doenças em humanos e animais, existe uma necessidade de controle dos simulídeos. Dentre as medidas tomadas para o controle das espécies dessa família, temos métodos químicos, físicos e biológicos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica  para verificarquais espécies hematófagas são encontradas na região Sudeste do Brasil , bem como mostrar em quais substratos esses organismos são mais observados, afim de mostrar a profilaxia adequada para o controle desses organismos. Como método para tais feitos, foram analisados artigos , dissertações e teses  de levantamento faunístico em estados da região Sudeste, além de analisar minunciosamente as carcteríscas bioecológicas das espécies encontrdas... Foi obtido, como resultado, a ocorrência de 12 espécies hematófagas evidenciadas na região Sudeste, bem como a preferência destas, em sua maioria, por substratos rochosos ou de folhiço, mostrando que profilaxias como a raspagem ou retirada desses substratos dos corpos hídricos ajuda no controle populacional desses organismos e diminui  os impactos ao meio ambiente.
Inventariamento da anurofauna encontrada na área experimental da Faculdade Guaraí: um estudo retrospectivo
Authors: Carvalho Aluísio Vasconcelos , Neres Júlio Cesar Ibiapina
Published: June 2021

Os anuros são representados pelos sapos, rãs e pererecas. Devido à sua fisiologia, são bastantes usados para monitorar a qualidade do ambiente uma vez que sua pele é sensível a mudanças ambientais de seus habitats. As coletas foram realizadas em uma área experimental da Faculdade Guaraí localizada no município de Guaraí/TO durante o período de seca e chuvoso através do método de captura manual e observação, durante as aulas práticas de zoologia entre os anos de 2015 a 2019. Foram amostrados 67 indivíduos com maior abundância para as famílias Bufonidae e Leptodactylidae. As espécies pertencentes a essas famílias são as mais abundantes por resistirem melhor as mudanças de gradiente ecológico e por possuírem alimentação generalista. A diversidade de anuros diferiu significativamente quanto aos microambientes prevalecendo em maior número de espécies as áreas naturais e em menor áreas antropizadas. Compreender a ecologia e abundância das espécies de anuros são importantes para o monitoramento local e saúde das populações que residem os mais variados microhabitats.
Análise dos riscos de erosão costeira em uma praia localizada no Nordeste do estado do Pará
Authors: Pinheiro Cézar Di Paula da Silva , Sarmento Ivana Cristina Correa , Santos Douglas Silva dos
Published: June 2021

Processos erosivos em Zonas Costeiras têm ocorrido de forma mais intensa devido às pressões originadas de atividades antrópicas nessas áreas, sendo decorrentes do processo histórico de uso e ocupação do solo e de atividades como o turismo não sustentável. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar um diagnóstico da percepção ambiental relacionada aos riscos da erosão costeira pelos frequentadores da praia do Maçarico, em Salinópolis/PA. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter quali-quantitativo, na qual se utilizou questionários com perguntas fechadas de múltipla escolha, possibilitando caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico dos entrevistados, as formas de utilização da praia e a percepção com relação à erosão costeira. Os resultados demonstraram que os usuários são, em sua maioria, moradores do município e já frequentam a praia há mais de dez anos, além disso, muitos reconhecem que existe um processo de erosão costeira em estado avançado e percebem os riscos do avanço do mar no agravamento da erosão (mesmo sendo um processo natural) que, no entanto, é acelerada por outras causas como a construção de prédios próximos a praia, as ações antrópicas e as mudanças climáticas que atualmente é um fenômeno sentido a nível mundial. Diante disso, é necessário a implementação de um gerenciamento costeiro dessa praia pelo poder público e dado o cenário, medidas de conscientização ambiental são essenciais para a compreensão da dinâmica espacial da paisagem e conservação da Praia do Maçarico.
Principal components analysis of the chemical attributes of the soil of a preserved Cerrado fragment
Authors: Batista Danielle da Silva , Novais Jonathan Willian Zangeski , Pereira Susana Pacheco , Silva Roberta Daniela de Souza Lauxen da , Fernandes Thiago , Pires Valery Kessis da Silva , Souza Pricila Juliana de , Taques Ana Carolina Freitas da Silva
Published: June 2021

The number of studies on the importance of Cerrado soil to biogeochemical cycles is growing, with this being the focus of most research in the Cerrado biome. The objective of this research was to verify the correlation among different chemical attributes of the soil in a Cerrado fragment located in Mãe Bonifácia Park, in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso (MT), Brazil, using principal components analysis. For this study, five soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth monthly from August 2015 to July 2016. After the collection and identification of the soil, chemical analyses were performed to determine the following chemical characteristics of the soil: organic matter (OM), base saturation (V%), sum of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CTC), pH, and concentrations of H+, Al3+, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, P, S, Cu, Mn2+, Mg2+, Zn, Fe2+ and B3+. The soil was characterized as acidic, which is typical for Cerrado soils, although some chemical elements were found in high concentrations. After the analysis of principal components, it was possible to reduce the seventeen original variables to four principal components that represented 88.86% of the total variation of the data. In which the first main component explained 41.18%, the second component explained 28.39%, the third 11.29% and the fourth explained 7.98%. Based on this analysis, it was identified that the chemical attributes such as the sum of base (SB), organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CTC), calcium (Ca2+), saturation (V%) and pH represented the greater data variance.
Uso de indicadores de saneamento ambiental, na bacia hidrográfica do Tucunduba, visando a redução das doenças de veiculação hídrica
Authors: Lopes Maria do Socorro Bezerra , Pontes William Rodrigues , Costa Adelan Nunes da , Cunha Márcia Valéria Porto de Oliveira , Chaves Andrea Fagundes Ferreira , Lopes David Franco
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho teve como foco central o levantamento de indicadores de Saneamento Ambiental e Saúde em uma microárea da bacia Hidrográfica do Tucunduba para, com base nesses indicadores, auxiliar no planejamento de políticas públicas de saneamento e saúde e assim melhorar a qualidade de vida daquela comunidade, tendo em vista, que a mesma sofre há anos com a falta de serviços básicos de saneamento; para isso foi feita uma pesquisa de campo, levantando dados socioambientais fazendo uma associação desses dados com a situação do Saneamento inadequado, refletindo nos problemas de saúde enfrentados corriqueiramente por todos os moradores da referida área. Paralelamente, foi desenvolvido juntamente com a Secretaria de Estado de Desenvolvimento Urbano e Obras Públicas (SEDOP), ações de educação ambiental através de palestras aplicadas na comunidade buscando alcançar o maior público possível e a conscientização de todos, mostrando exemplos da rotina vivida diariamente, inserindo-os no contexto dos assuntos abordados para uma maior conscientização e assim demonstrar que cada um, com mudança de hábitos a atitudes, pode fazer parte da solução dos problemas relacionados à saúde e bem estar de todos.
Produção de mudas de alfazema-do-Brasil (Aloysia gratissima) por estaquia sob aplicação de ácido indolbutírico (AIB)
Authors: Pereira Mayhara da Costa , Silva Lucas de Souza da , Mello Débora Fernandes da Graça , Castro Tadeu Augusto van Tol de , Gonçalves Rafael Gomes da Mota , Silva Hellen Fernanda Oliveira da , Oliveira Danielle França da , Bucher Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2021

O uso da estaquia é comum na propagação de plantas, principalmente por eliminar as desvantagens da propagação sexuada. O fator essencial para o sucesso na propagação por estaquia está na capacidade de enraizamento das estacas. Deste modo, é comum a aplicação exógena de fitorreguladores na estaquia, tal como o ácido indolbutírico (AIB), com o objetivo estimular um melhor enraizamento das estacas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de três concentrações de ácido indolbultírico na formação e desenvolvimento do sistema radicular e brotações foliares em diferentes classes de estacas caulinares de alfazema-do-brasil (Aloysia gratissima). Os ramos de alfazema foram coletados e separados em estacas herbáceas, semilenhosas e lenhosas. As estacas foram desinfestadas em solução de hipoclorito de sódio 1% e submetidas aos tratamentos com AIB nas concentrações de 0, 1500 e 3000 ppm. Utilizou-se esquema fatorial 3x3 (concentração x tipo de estaca) com três blocos, sendo o delineamento adotado no experimento em blocos casualizados. Foram avaliadas as taxas de sobrevivência das estacas, de enraizamento e de brotações foliares, além do número médio de raízes e o comprimento médio da maior raiz. As estacas herbáceas não sobreviveram ao período de aclimatação. Já as semilenhosas e lenhosas tiveram baixa taxa de sobrevivência e mostraram-se pouco eficientes no enraizamento sob efeito do AIB.Os melhores resultados foram encontrados na concentração de 0 ppm, principalmente em estacas semilenhosas, com maior ocorrência de estacas vivas, enraizadas e com brotações. As taxas de eficiência observadas nos parâmetros analisados podem estar associadas ao tempo de enraizamento, condições ambientais e às doses de AIB aplicadas, uma vez que as concentrações utilizadas podem ter resultado em efeito inibitório.
Bacia hidrográfica do Rio Roosevelt: um território fluvial integrador na Pan-Amazônia
Authors: Souza Naara Ferreira Carvalho de , Ramos Caryne Ferreira , Ricardo Douglas Linz , Barcelos Rafaela Carvalho , Caramello Nubia
Published: June 2021

Por meio da caracterização de uma Bacia Hidrográfica é possível identificar sua situação atual e vislumbrar as tendências evolutivas, contribuindo para melhor gestão e regulação dos usos que ocorrem nesta bacia, de forma a conservar os recursos hídricos em quantidade e qualidade e proporcionar melhorias para sociedade local, assim sendo esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a estrutura socioterritorial dos municípios pertencentes à Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Roosevelt, um território integrador de três Estados da Pan-Amazônia, a luz do método PEIR. Para a determinação do cenário econômico, ambiental e social da Bacia Hidrográfica os indicadores foram extraídos a partir de dados secundários disponibilizados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE a partir do sistema agregador de informações Cidades@. Os indicadores considerados para o panorama socioeconômico e ambiental consistiram nos dados de População, Densidade Demográfica, Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano - IDH, taxa de escolarização de 6 a 14 anos de idade, Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica - IDEB dos anos iniciais e finais do ensino fundamental da rede pública, Salário médio mensal de trabalhadores formais (Salário mínimo), proporção de estabelecimentos envolvida na produção de Lavouras, Pastagens, Matas e Florestas, Produto Interno Bruto - PIB, casos de internações por Diarreia por mil habitantes, taxa de mortalidade infantil e porcentagem de domicílios com Esgotamento Sanitário adequado. Os dados foram analisados a partir da metodologia de estruturação do Relatório de Análise Estatística (RAE) e aplicação dos indicadores de pressão, estado e impacto da matriz de indicadores de sustentabilidade Pressão-Estado-Impacto-Resposta (PEIR) desenvolvida pela Organização para a Cooperação e o Desenvolvimento Econômico – OCDE e pelo Programa das Nações Unidas e Meio Ambiente – PNUMA. Os dados foram organizados em gráficos e tabelas, por meio do software Excel, versão 2016. A partir dos dados analisados constatou-se que os municípios de Vilhena e Cacoal se destacaram com valores altos de IDH (0,731 e 0,718), por outro lado em Novo Aripuanã foi observado um valor de IDH baixo (0,554), o menor da Bacia, esses resultados podem ter influência direta de indicadores econômicos, de educação e saúde que apresentaram valores mais satisfatórios nos dois primeiros municípios. Com isso, os indicadores estudados revelam que há diferentes pressões no decorrer da Bacia, relacionadas sobretudo a fatores de ordem econômica e ambiental, que podem influenciar nas características apresentadas pelo território em que abrange e na qualidade ambiental e de vida.