bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASSESSMENT OF PROFESSIONAL’S ADHERENCE TO JOINT NATIONAL COMMITTEE 8 GUIDELINES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION
Authors: Jennifer D’souza Schnell , Mani Ancel Neethu , Kurian Nimisha , C Jaikanth
Published: January 2019

Objectives: Hypertension is the most insidious ailment in primary care with its management being a daily affair. The avail of antihypertensive medications has affirmed their efficacy in blood pressure alleviation. Yet, the methodical choice of medication with which treatment ought to commence at the precise blood pressure threshold and maintained at a target level was undiscerned. Consequently, the Eighth Joint National Committee grants an evidence-based tool, which was employed in the appraisal of professional’s adherence to joint national committee 8 guidelines.Methods: A prospective, observational study was governed. Aggregate patients with hypertension with/without diabetes mellitus (DM) and/ or chronic kidney failure admitted in general medicine and the dialysis unit of the tertiary health care hospital, for 4 months were enrolled. The rationality of antihypertensive medications and target blood pressure was noted.Results: Patients matriculated to 125, 90 males and 35 females. Average age perceived was between 51 and 60 years, with the length of stay 14.39 (standard deviation [SD]±1.52) and 9.3 (SD±0.46) days in the respective unit. The gross medication endorsed represents 1085 medications, incorporating 337 antihypertensive medications. The optimal choice of an antihypertensive medicine was clonidine and amlodipine. Adherence in the populace with lone hypertension was cent percent, trailed by hypertension with DM 82.35% and minimal in hypertension with chronic kidney disease.Conclusion: 86-medication compiled adherence to the guidelines (25.52%). Rationality of medication depicts 25.6% were rational and 73.6% distinguish as non-rational, amid a demise of a sole victim. A significant high-grade defiance of health-care practitioners to the Eighth Joint National Committee guidelines was evidenced from our study.
TRADITIONAL BONE SETTING PRACTICE OF RABHA PEOPLE OF ASSAM
Authors: Dutta Tapan , Rabha Pinaki Kumar , Bora Rekha , Goswami Jayashree , Khakhalary Seema
Published: January 2019

Objective: The aim of this work is to document the various ethnomedicinal healing plant species used in traditional bone setting (TBS) practice of Rabha community of Assam.Methods: This has been done using interview method which includes semi-structured questionnaire and the field walks method.Results: The results reveal that eight healing plants wear employed to in the TBS practice. Among these, Cissus quadrangularis L. is the most commonly used plant species to treat bone fracture. In this study, two modes of preparation for the ethnomedicine have been served (i.e., paste and extract) where paste form has higher used (75%).Conclusions: It has been concluded that Rabha Hasong area of Assam is indeed rich in ethnomedicinal plants. People get benefited from the traditional practices performed by the medicine men. This is the chief reason TBS practice that is still running smoothly with full faith and hope even in the current time where sophisticated orthopedic treatments are obtainable. Moreover, systematic nutraceutical appraisal of these species would provide a remarkable research possibility in the fields of ethnopharmacology that would be useful in the modern orthopedic treatments.
ENHANCEMENT OF THE SOLUBILITY AND THE DISSOLUTION RATE OF TAMOXIFEN CITRATE SOLID DISPERSION USING SOLUPLUS BY SOLVENT EVAPORATION TECHNIQUE
Authors: Abduljabbar Hayder Hussein , Abd Alhammid Shaimaa Nazar
Published: January 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was the enhancement in the solubility of tamoxifen citrate using solid dispersion which is considered as a great solution to overcome the poor water solubility behavior of tamoxifen citrate (TMX) by solvent evaporation technique using Soluplus® as a novel carrier then formulate it as an orodispersible tablet.Method: A total of 24 formulas were prepared as a solid dispersion by solvent evaporation method using Soluplus® as a polymeric solubilizer in the ratio of 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, and 1:10 then formulated as orodispersible tablets by incorporating three types of superdisintegrants; croscarmellose, crospovidone, and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) with the solid dispersion. Characterization of the formulation was done using differential scanning colorimetry, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope and the best formula was selected according to the disintegration and dissolution tests.Results and Discussion: Formula 22 were selected as the best formula which contains mixed types of superdisintegrants; croscarmellose and SSG with the fastest complete disintegration of 6.5 s and complete dissolution with <2 min.Conclusion: Accordingly, TMX was successfully enhanced its water solubility by converting its crystalline structure into the amorphous state through solid dispersion with Soluplus® and formulated as an orodispersible tablet to improve its oral absorption.
ACTIVITY OF 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CHRYSOPHYLLUM CAINITO L. IN INCREASING VERTEBRAE TRABECULAR OSTEOBLAST CELL NUMBER IN MALE MICE
Authors: Ma'arif Burhan , Aditama Agnis Pondinekaria
Published: January 2019

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the anti-osteoporosis effect of 96% ethanol extract from Chrysophyllum cainito L. leaves, which suspected to contain phytoestrogens, in increasing the osteoblast cell number in trabecular vertebra bone of dexamethasone-induced male mice.Materials and Methods: The 96% ethanol extract of C. cainito leaves was given to male mice with dose of 2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/20 g BB mice/day after being induced orally with dexamethasone dose of 0.0029 mg/20 g BB mice/day. The positive control used was 0.026 ml/20 g BB mice/day alendronate. After 4 weeks, the increasing of osteoblast cell number in trabecular vertebrae bone of male mice was observed using an optical microscope with 100× zoom in after histomorphometry and hematoxylin-eosin staining methods.Results: The result showed the significant increasing of osteoblast number in trabecular vertebrae bone of male mice in all groups after being given treatment using 96% ethanol extract of C. cainito, with an effective dose (ED50) value of 9.5 mg/20 g BB mice/day. This increase is suspected due to the phytoestrogens content, which can also act as phytotestosterone in 96% ethanol extract of C. cainito.Conclusion: This study concluded that 96% ethanol extract of C. cainito has an activity in increasing osteoblast cell number in trabecular vertebra bone of dexamethasone-induced male mice, with an ED50 value of 9.5 mg/20 g BB mice/day.
STUDY OF THE ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ROOT OF ACORUS CALAMUS IN ALBINO RATS
Authors: Kaushik Shipra , Gohain Kalpana
Published: January 2019

Objective: Root of Acorus calamus has been traditionally used as an anticonvulsant. The aim of the study is to assess the anticonvulsant activity of ethanolic extract of A. calamus (EEAC) by maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure models on albino (Wistar strain) rats.Methods: Albino rats were taken and divided into five groups, each consisting of five rats both for MES and PTZ model. One group was used as control (normal saline 10 ml/kg), one as standard (phenytoin in MES model/diazepam in PTZ model), and three groups for the test drug (EEAC in the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg). In MES model, maximal electrical shock of 150 mA was passed for 0.2 s through earlobe electrodes after 30 min of giving the drugs and normal saline. Different stages of convulsions were noted down along with time spent by the animal in each phase of convulsions. In PTZ model, PTZ was injected 30 min after giving the drugs and normal saline, and onset of action and severity of convulsions were noted. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by multiple Dunnett’s test.Results: EEAC dose dependently reduced the duration of tonic hind limb extension in MES model, and there was increase in latency and occurrence of convulsions in PTZ model.Conclusion: EEAC has anticonvulsant activity.
ANTHROPOMETRIC AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: Lodh Moushumi , Debnath Navoneel , Mazumdar Dipendu , Banerjee Binidra , Goswami Binita
Published: January 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the distribution of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with reference to age, gender, and socioeconomic status, to look for clinical features, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical parameters in patients of NAFLD, and to analyze statistically significant differences in biochemical parameters of lean, overweight, and obese NAFLD patients, in a medical college hospital of Durgapur.Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional hospital-based study carried out over 2 months. Patients diagnosed as NAFLD based on clinical findings and ultrasonography (USG) were evaluated. Patients were classified on the basis of body mass index (BMI) and their fibrosis score calculated.Results: The authors report several interesting findings that warrant further exploration. In this study, average age was 42 years and there was a male preponderance. 31.25% among patients who had undergone USG evaluation were diagnosed as NAFLD. Glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), BMI, and lipid profile were significantly different in controls and cases. In NAFLD patient group, 48% were lean, 40% overweight, and 12% obese. Lean patients had significantly different alanine transaminase/aspartate transaminase, TSH, and fibrosis score compared to overweight and obese patients.Conclusion: Authors stress on the importance of early identification of patients and stratifying them using less invasive, highly accurate, and affordable screening tools such as USG, biochemical tests, and fibrosis scores. More large-scale prospective studies can validate our observations, help physicians in early identification of patients who may benefit from therapeutic interventions, and even help them formulate more effective treatment algorithms.
TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM L. EXHIBITS ESTROGENIC EFFECT THROUGH PRESENILIN 2 GENE EXPRESSION IN THE BREAST CANCER CELL LINE MCF-7
Authors: Wink Michael , Sumaryono Wahono , Suyatna Frans , Siregar Nurjati Chairani
Published: January 2019

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the estrogenic and antiestrogenic activity of Fenugreek seeds, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. in the estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, including its effect on the expression of estrogen-dependent presenilin 2 (pS2) gene.Methods: An activity guided fractionation was carried out with extracts from fenugreek seeds in MCF-7 cells. Cytotoxic activity assays were conducted with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. Most fractions were also tested also tested in media with estradiol 10 nM We also analysed the expression of pS2 gene. For the analysis of pS2 gene expression we employed PCR primers for pS2 and for β-actin as a housekeeping gene using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results: Based on cytotoxic activity assay in MCF-7, the active fractions are ethyl acetic fraction and its phases ethyl acetic (EA) 2 and EA 2.2. The most active fraction was EA 2.2 (IC50=27.129 ppm), which exhibited a biphasic effect; at low concentrations, it stimulated the growth, and at high concentrations it showed strong cytotoxic effects. EA2.2 fraction in concentration 20 ppm, also could induce pS2 gene expression in media with and without estrogen.Conclusion: The most active fraction was the ethyl acetate phase and further subfractions. The most active fraction also induced the expression of pS2 gene which was studied by RT-PCR.
VASOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PHYSALIS ANGULATA L. LEAF WATER EXTRACT ON KIDNEY OF NΩ-NITRO-L-ARGININE METHYL ESTER-INDUCED ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION RAT MODEL
Authors: Febianti Zahrah , Permatasari Nur , Soeharto Setyawati
Published: January 2019

Objective: This study was to investigate the effect of Physalis angulata L. leaf water extract on vascular rarefaction, oxidative stress, and inflammation on the kidney of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced male Wistar rats.Methods: A total of 25 male Wistar rats were divided into five equal groups (normal control: 40 mg/kg/day of normal saline; L-NAME group; and treatments I, II, and III: L-NAME plus P. angulata L. leaf water extract doses 500 mg/kg/day, 1500 mg/kg/day, and 2500 mg/kg/day, respectively). Endothelial dysfunction was induced by 40 mg/kg/day L-NAME intraperitoneally. The treatment lasts for 15 days. Vascular rarefaction was indicated by the decrease in vascular density, which considered as vascular number per high-power field in hematoxylin-eosin staining preparation. Kidney oxidative stress test was performed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) level with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. The inflammatory marker was the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) expression which examined using an immunohistochemical method with an antibody against p65.Results: At the dose of 500 mg/kg/day and 1500 mg/kg/day, P. angulata leaf water extract supplementation increased the vascular density, decreased the MDA level, and decreased the NF-κB expression compared to the L-NAME group.Conclusion: The administration of P. angulata L. leaf water extract in particular concentration has a vasoprotective effect by preventing kidney vascular rarefaction, oxidative stress, and inflammation on L-NAME-induced male Wistar rat.
A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL ENDPOINT STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF CLEARLIV TABLETS IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE
Authors: S Ramesh Kannan , V Sivaraman , C Mirunalini , M Sakthibalan , S Jayashree , Ss Vanangamudi , Km Nagarajan , C Arther Paul
Published: January 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the hepatoprotective effect of clearliv tablets with silymarin in patients with alcoholic liver disease.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter, open-label, parallel group interventional clinical endpoint study (Phase IIa). Patients attending general medicine outpatient department were screened for alcoholic liver disease using the serum biochemical liver function test and ultrasonogram abdomen and tested whether they satisfy the selection criteria, and 24 patients were then enrolled in the study. The study drug, namely clearliv tablets of Apex Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., was administered to Group A and tablet silymarin was administered to Group B from day 1 to day 56. Patients were reviewed once in 2 weeks. Liver function test was repeated, and patients were enquired of their well-being and any adverse events.Results: The demographic characters and body weight of the subjects showed no significant difference between the groups. There is a significant improvement (p<0.05) in the aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and total bilirubin (TB) levels on 28th and 56th days in both silymarin and clearliv groups. Of the 2 groups, there is higher significance of improvement in clearliv group (p<0.001), compared to silymarin group. Clearliv group started showing a significant reduction in AST and ALT levels in the first 14 days of the study period. On comparing the mean percentage reduction in the levels of AST (35.7% and 35%), ALT (26.7% and 24.3%), and TB (26.7% and 25%), it was found that clearliv is showing a better percentage of reduction of the above parameters compared to silymarin. There were reports of adverse effects such as loss of appetite and gastritis in both the groups.Conclusion: This clinical study proves that clearliv is functioning as a hepatoprotective drug. It is offering a better hepatoprotection compared to silymarin. Clearliv tablets can be indicated for the management of liver dysfunction, which occurs due to alcoholic liver damage. It may also be used in similar manner in cases of viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver damage, acute and chronic hepatitis.
UV-ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF DAPOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND SILDENAFIL CITRATE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Gadiya Hemesh , Maheshwari Monika , Dashora Ashok
Published: January 2019

Objective: The objective of this research was to develop and validate a simple ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride in a pharmaceutical formulation.Methods: Two simple UV spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous determination of sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride. For both methods, stock solutions were prepared in methanol followed by the further required dilutions with methanol. Proposed dual-wavelength method and ratio derivative method, the wavelength of maximum absorption for sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride was 292 nm and 231 nm, respectively.Results: In both methods, the linearity range lies between 10 and 60 μg/ml for sildenafil citrate and 2–12 μg/mL for dapoxetine hydrochloride with their respective wavelengths. By dual-wavelength method, the percentage of sildenafil citrate and dapoxetine hydrochloride was found to be 101.3% and 100.3%, respectively.Conclusion: Result obtained in this research work clearly indicated that both these methods were found to be accurate, precise, stable, and robust as indicated by low values of percentage relative standard deviation. Thus, the present study gives an excellent method for the determination of both the drugs in combined tablet formulation.
EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIALS OF DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OF MAYTENUS HEYNEANA ROOT EXTRACT
Authors: G Sumithira , Kumar Gp Senthil
Published: January 2019

Objective: In an attempt to explore herbal drug which may become useful in the prevention of diabetes and antioxidant potential by the ethanol extracts of Maytenus heyneana (MH) root belonging to the family Celastraceae and their different fractions were studied.Methods: Different fractionation was done using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol on ethanolic extract of MH and preliminary phytochemical analysis was done by standard methods to identify the presence of important compounds. In vitro antioxidants activities were carried by 2,2-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) cation radical scavenging assays. For antidiabetic potential, α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory studies were carried on different fractions.Results: Phytochemical studies show the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, cardiac glycosides, and terpenoids in all fractionations; however, tannins and quinones were present in ethyl acetate fraction and saponins in methanolic fraction. For antioxidant activity, ethyl acetate fraction shows concentration of the sample causing 50% inhibition (IC50) values in 22.31 μg/ml and methanolic fraction shows in 12.82 μg/ml concentrations for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay, respectively. In case of antidiabetic activity, methanolic fraction offered significant result in inhibitory action of α-glucosidase and also for α-amylase assay IC50 (5.28 and 3.14 μg/ml) than other fractions.Conclusion: From the results of our studies, it can be concluded that MH shows antidiabetic and antioxidant values and methanolic fraction of MH could be possessed potential constituents in the prevention of diabetes and antioxidant than other fractions. However, further studies are required to validate.
MUSCARI ARMENIACUM LEICHTLIN (GRAPE HYACINTH): PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES REVIEW
Authors: Bokov Dmitry Olegovich
Published: January 2019

This review focuses on the Muscari armeniacum Leichtlin (Asparagaceae Juss) biologically active substances composition presented in the Aireal and underground parts and finding their possible therapeutic effects. The systematic review is dedicated to the composition of biologically active substances, including recent advances in the biological activity investigation, phytochemical studies, and biotechnology methods of plant material producing. Various electronic search engines such as Google, Google Scholar, scientific literature, publishing sites, and electronic databases such as PubMed, Wiley, Springer, and Science Direct had been searched and data obtained. Other online academic libraries such as E-library and specific ethnopharmacological literature had been searched systematically for more exhaustive information on the crude herbal drug. The chemical composition of M. armeniacum biologically active substances is established; it contains anthocyanins (delphinidin and cyanidin derivatives), homoisoflavonoids, polyhydroxylated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (hyacinthacines A1, A2, A3, and B3), oligoglycosides (Muscarosides), and ribosome-inactivating proteins (musarmins). Recent physicochemical analytical procedures for components determination and hyacinthacines synthesis pathways are mentioned. Moreover, future prospects and trends in the research of this plant have been proposed. We have reviewed researches conducted on M. armeniacum especially in areas of its use in medicine, phytochemicals, biological activity, and developed analytical methods. M. armeniacum possesses antioxidant, antimutagenic activity, and specific glycosidase inhibitory activity; M. armeniacum can be used for the production of potential anticancer, antiviral, antidiabetic, and anti-obesity drugs. It should be noted that more pharmacognostic, pharmacological studies are needed for giving further information on the clinical practice and standardization procedures for the crude herbal drug.
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES OF ANTIHYPERURICEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM BULBS OF BAWANG TIWAI (ELEUTHERINE PALMIFOLIA (L.) MERR.) FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Laksmitawati Dian Ratih , Firdaus Rininta , Zein Mediana Astika
Published: January 2019

Objectives: This study would like to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and in vitro xanthine oxidase activity of the bulbs. This study performs in vivo assays to study the antihyperuricemic activity and antioxidant in the hyperuricemic rat through plasma malondialdehyde measurement. Method: The study was conducted by testing the fresh bulbs of bawang tiwai (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr. with chemical solvent of ethanol 70% to extract the bulbs. Allopurinol and Vitamin C were used as positive control for the antihyperuricemic assay and antioxidant assay, respectively. Other chemical substances were also used in this study. This study used chicken extract (Brands) 20 ml/kg/body weight to induce the level of uric acid in the blood serum, and potassium oxonate (Sigma 156124) to inhibit the uricase in rats. Results: The results show that the levels of uric acid were measured using spectrophotometer with dichloro-hydroxybenzen sulfonate (Biolabo) a as reagent. The ethanol extract of bawang tiwai (EBT) (E. palmifolia (L.) Merr) was potential to reduce uric acid level at 140, 280, and 560 mg/kg body weight, but possibly without inhibition against xanthine oxydase activity. Conclusion: All doses of EBT could inhibit lipid peroxidation in hyperuricemic condition caused by high purine diet in 14 days.
Una mirada crítica de la formación del profesional de enfermería con perspectiva reflexiva
Authors: Camacho Franco Eduardo Ricardo , Rodríguez Jiménez Sofía
Published: January 2019

Introducción: Este trabajo aborda el contexto de la enseñanza clínica, vista como una entidad compleja, desde los conceptos de Vygotsky cobran sentido, sobre todo en: la zona de desarrollo próximo, componente del aprendizaje social y es ahí donde se identifican los discursos docentes y profesionales en los entornos de aprendizaje clínico. Desarrollo: Se analiza la importancia que tiene la teoría del Prácticum Reflexivo para la formación de enfermeras, desde las aportaciones de D. Schön, y el papel de la tutoría clínica como propuesta en los procesos de formación profesional. En la actualidad los modelos de enseñanza que predominan en las instituciones educativas, se encuentran en una discrepancia entre el discurso en las aulas, los planes de estudio y la realidad de la práctica clínica en donde prevalece una ideología caracterizada por la racionalidad técnica. Conclusiones: A través del tiempo se han llevado a cabo diversas metodologías en la enseñanza de enfermería, así también se han hecho análisis y críticas de las mismas, las cuales han permitido ciertas transformaciones en la formación profesional, sin embargo en el campo de lo ideológico, político, filosófico se ha estancado y por ende no se accede a otros paradigmas educativos.
Intervención educativa de enfermería para la rehabilitación de personas con una ostomia
Authors: Pat Castillo Lucía , Espinosa Estevez Juan Manuel , Sánchez Bautista María Del Pilar , Cruz Castañeda Otilia , Cano Garduño Marco Antonio , Gabriel Rivas Juan , Hernández Corral Sandra
Published: January 2019

Introducción: El incremento del número de personas poseedoras de un estoma, trae consigo la necesidad de contar con personal capacitado para proporcionarle los elementos necesarios para su reintegración a la vida social, familiar y laboral. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto que tiene la intervención educativa de enfermería para la rehabilitación de personas con una ostomia. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio de tipo cuasi-experimental, la muestra se constituyo de 110 personas ostomizadas de cuatro hospitales a las que se les aplicó un instrumento que fue validado por expertos en el área. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó estadística descriptiva e inferencial por medio de la X2. Resultados: En los resultados se observa diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre la intervención educativa y la rehabilitación laboral (p=0.000), también se observo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre la intervención educativa y la rehabilitación social y familiar (p=0.000). Discusión: Coincidiendo con Montovani en donde afirma que la falta de información, educación y comunicación son la causa para que el paciente no pueda participar activamente en su autocuidado. De acuerdo con Boccardo se establece que la mayoría de los pacientes ostomizados no retornan totalmente al trabajo pero si parcialmente a sus actividades siendo ésta la parte más difícil de superar. Conclusiones: Se sustenta que la intervención educativa en personas ostomizadas planificada, estandarizada y evaluada, es fundamental para lograr su rehabilitación educativa, laboral, social y familiar.
Inserción laboral de las (os) egresadas (os) del plan único de especialización en enfermería de la ENEO- UNAM: una experiencia de diez años
Authors: Balseiro Almario Lasty , Zárate Grajales Rosa A. , Matus Miranda Reyna , Balán Gleaves Cristina , García Cardona Mercedes , Sacristán Ruiz Federico
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este documento es analizar las características de la Inserción laboral de los egresados (as) del Plan Único de Especialización de Enfermería (PUEE) de la Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia (ENEO) de la UNAM en doce generaciones. La información proviene de una investigación de tipo transversal y descriptiva. Metodología .El universo lo constituyen los 1067 egresados de las generaciones de 1997 al 2008 que acepten participar en el estudio. Los datos que se reportan constituyen una tercera parte de ese universo (31.1%). Los resultados muestran que los egresados en su mayoría laboran en el D.F. o Estado de México (85 y 7% respectivamente). Nueve de cada diez laboran en las principales instituciones públicas del país (62% en instituciones para población abierta y 29% de seguridad social). El 28% tiene la categoría de Enfermera Especialista y otro 20% ocupa puestos de mayor responsabilidad. En cuanto a las funciones principales 68% realizan actividades que implican el trato directo con el paciente, 21% de tipo administrativo, y sólo 1.2% participa en actividades de investigación. Discusión: las instituciones deben continuar implementando estrategias que faciliten la culminación del proceso de los estudios de posgrado ya que como se observó en este estudio quienes se han graduado tienen en mayor medida mejor posición en el empleo. Es necesaria la vinculación Universidad – Mercado laboral a fin de incorporar con mayor facilidad a los egresados en dichos escenarios. En conclusión. Las instituciones educativas además de considerar las características del mercado laboral deben continuar implementando estrategias que faciliten la culminación del proceso de los estudios de posgrado ya que como se observó en este estudio quienes se han graduado tienen en mayor medida mejor posición en el empleo.
La investigación histórica como estrategia para la transformación de la enfermería
Authors: Alatorre Wynter Edda
Published: January 2019

La investigación histórica como estrategia para la transformación de la enfermería.
Análisis multisectorial del incremento de precios de la electricidad en la economía de México
Authors: Vaca Jaime , Núñez Gaspar , Kido Antonio
Published: January 2019

El presente artículo muestra un análisis multisectorial del incremento de precios de la electricidad en la economía mexicana, mediante el modelo de precios y la matriz insumo-producto más reciente, al tiempo que evalúa los incrementos en la fabricación de derivados del petróleo y el carbón, como abastecedores de la electricidad, así como en la generación, transmisión y distribución de energía eléctrica. Los principales
resultados obtenido muestran que el incremento de 40% presenta impactos mayores
en áreas como el transporte aéreo (7.76%); transporte terrestre de pasajeros  6.04%) –excepto ferrocarril–; transporte turístico (6.04%) y en la generación, transmisión y distribución de energía eléctrica (5.58%), incremento que a su vez impacta en todos los subsectores de la economía nacional.
Doctor Alberto Carvacho Bravo: Del campo al mar, desde la agronomía a la carcinología
Authors: Espinoza Concha Pablo Marcos
Published: January 2019

En memoria del Dr. Alberto Carvacho Bravo (Angol, Malleco, Región de La Araucanía, agosto 4 de 1935 - Contuy, Queilen, Región de Los Lagos, junio 28 de 2017).
Propuesta para el control del agua de lastre en buques que arriban a puertos de la Ecorregión Marina de Chile Central
Authors: Baro-Narbona Sandra , Stotz Wolfgang
Published: January 2019

La navegación marítima es esencial para la economía. Con el avance tecnológico y buques más rápidos, la frecuencia de los viajes transoceánicos ha aumentado, incrementando el riesgo de impactos negativos ambientales y socio-económicos asociados a la descarga descontrolada de agua de lastre. Esta agua es cargada por los buques para conservar su estabilidad y maniobrabilidad, pero que lleva materias en suspensión, incluyendo agentes biológicos, que pueden generar bioinvasiones. Por lo anterior, y reconociendo la importancia de un enfoque precautorio se hace necesario contar con una herramienta de gestión preventiva que permita discernir cuando el deslastre es potencialmente peligroso. Esta revisión propone una herramienta basada en la frecuencia y volumen del agua de lastre desde un mismo puerto de origen, la similitud ambiental entre el puerto de origen y el receptor del lastre y la presencia de especies de riesgo en el puerto de origen. Para esto se desarrolló el cálculo de un Coeficiente de Riesgo Global (CRG), que deberá ser estimado para cada buque que arribe al Puerto antes de que inicie el deslastre. Si CRG >16%, el riesgo es probable, entonces correspondería verificar el recambio de agua de lastre en aguas oceánicas como lo exigen las regulaciones internacionales. Se recomienda medir in situ la Materia Orgánica Cromofórica Disuelta (CDOM por sus siglas en inglés), ya que permite discriminar entre agua costera y oceánica. Si del análisis resulta que el agua es costera, significa el incumplimiento del intercambio del agua de lastre en alta mar, entonces se debería evitar la descarga de lastre en el puerto.
Reproducción de la cabrilla pinta Epinephelus labriformis en la Bahía de Navidad, Jalisco, México
Authors: Ruiz-Ramírez Salvador , Pérez-Segoviano Araceli Montserrat , Lucano-Ramírez Gabriela , González-Sansón Gaspar , Flores-Ortega Juan Ramón
Published: January 2019

La cabrilla pinta, Epinephelus labriformis, es una especie de la familia Serranidae, explotada comercialmente en la Bahía de Navidad, Jalisco, México. El objetivo del trabajo fue describir las características reproductivas de E. labriformis. Se realizaron muestreos mensuales entre 1998 y 2008 utilizando redes agalleras. De cada organismo se obtuvo la longitud total (LT) y el peso total (PT); las gónadas fueron extraídas, pesadas, clasificadas según el estadio de desarrollo y preservadas para análisis histológicos. Se recolectaron 940 ejemplares, 521 fueron hembras y 419 machos. La longitud promedio de las hembras fue de 30,1 (± 0,14) cm y la de los  machos 31,3 (± 0,13) cm LT. Los máximos valores del índice gonadosomático y los mayores porcentajes de gónadas maduras tanto en hembras como en machos, se presentaron en abril y agosto. El factor de condición presentó escasa variación temporal. Mediante el análisis histológico de las gónadas se identificaron ejemplares en transición, con ovarios con ovocitos en regresión y tejido testicular en desarrollo. El desarrollo de los ovocitos es asincrónico y el del testículo es de tipo lobular. El ejemplar más pequeño encontrado en transición midió 25,6 cm LT. La longitud promedio de maduración sexual fue 29,6 cm LT para hembras y 31,3 cm LT para machos; contrastando estas tallas con las de captura, se infiere que los individuos capturados habrían tenido al menos un evento reproductivo. E. labriformis es un hermafrodita protógino que presenta una mayor actividad reproductiva en primavera-verano lo cual lo vuelve altamente vulnerable al impacto de la pesca.
Evidencia de diferenciación sexual en la almeja Ameghinomya antiqua de la costa chilena y su proporción de sexos
Authors: Prida Valentina , Valenzuela Andrea , Astorga Marcela P.
Published: January 2019

Ameghinomya antiqua is one of the most exploited bivalves in Chile, however, the limited information available on its reproductive biology does not allow proper fishery management decisions to be made. The presence of sexual dimorphism and the sex ratios for this species were detected by observation of gonads extracted from specimens collected from Carelmapu and Quellón, southern Chile. One group of specimens showed milky-white gonads with oocytes (females) while the other exhibited orange gonads with spermatocytes (males). The sex ratio obtained in Carelmapu was 1:1.1, with 48.5% males and 51.5% females; in Quellón, the sex ratio was 1:1.01, with 49.77% males and 50.23% females. We found that dimorphism can be assessed by rapid visual observation of the gonads. Our study proposes an easier and faster way of identifying gender in Ameghinomya antiqua, allowing proper monitoring.
Association of three Carangidae juvenile fishes with cannonball jellyfish Stomolophus meleagris in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California
Authors: Reza Mónica , Ocampo Lucía , Campos-Dávila Lucía
Published: January 2019

Three species of Carangidae family were caught incidentally during collection of cannonball jellyfish (Stomolophus meleagris) in Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California, Mexico. All fish were measured, preserved and identified as post flexion larvae and early juvenile of Chloroscombrus orqueta, Hemicaranx leucurus and Caranx caballus. C. orqueta stood out in frequency and abundance. H. leucurus were found only in autumn, while the others were present in different seasons. This is the first time recording H. leucurus and C. caballus associating with cannonball jellyfish. Further studies must evaluate this association as all fish caught were at vulnerable stages, and must be considered in jellyfish fishery management.
Morphometric relationships of the siphon clam Panopea globosa (Bivalvia: Hiatellidae) in the southeasternmost of the Gulf of California, Mexico
Authors: Góngora-Gómez Andrés Martín , Sotelo-Gonzalez Maria Isabel , Santamaría-Miranda Apolinar , García-Ulloa Manuel
Published: January 2019

The morphometric relationships of the siphon clam Panopea globosa from Sinaloa, Mexico, were analyzed from February 2014 to April 2015. A total of 370 specimens were collected, measured (shell length, width, and height) and weighed (body weight, tissue weight, and shell weight). The coefficient of determination indicated variation in the fitting of morphometric variables among measured traits. The type of relative growth for all morphometric relationships was negative allometry. This is the first report on morphometric relationships of P. globosa from Sinaloa, Mexico.
Sighting of a Southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina in the Toltén River, southern Chile
Authors: Sepúlveda Maritza , Pavez Guido , Harrod Chris , Gomez-Uchida Daniel
Published: January 2019

The Southern elephant seal (SES) is a marine species that can be found at sea throughout the Southern Ocean on most sub-Antarctic islands. An unusual record of a solitary Southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) in freshwater habitat is reported. The seal was found 16 km upstream from the mouth of the Toltén River, in southern Chile (39°9’S; 73°10’W). The individual was classified as a sub-adult male approximately 3 m in length. Potential causes for the unusual presence of the seal in a river include feeding on native estuarine fishes and non-native Chinook salmon or resting. Long lasting resting (5 days) in the Toltén River by the seal may indicate suitable habitat and/or lack of disturbance.
Exploring and visualizing the small-area-level socioeconomic factors, alcohol availability and built environment influences of alcohol expenditure for the City of Toronto:
a spatial analysis approach
Authors: Leung Andrew , Law Jane , Cooke Martin , Leatherdale Scott
Published: January 2019

Introduction

Many Canadians continue to drink alcohol in excess of the recommended low-risk guidelines. In this study, we visualized the geographic variation of licensed premises alcohol expenditures in Toronto and examined the effects of area-level socioeconomic characteristics, alcohol availability and built environment influences on alcohol expenditures at the Dissemination Area (DA) level.

Methods

Dissemination Area average total household expenditures on alcohol from licensed premises, from the 2010 Survey of Household Spending, was the main outcome variable. Moran’s I and Local Moran’s I were used to quantify geographic variation and determine hot spots and cold spots of expenditure. We used DA-level socioeconomic characteristics from the 2006 Census of Canada, and the density of licensed premises and other built environment characteristics from the 2008 DMTI Spatial and 2010 CanMap datasets to predict alcohol expenditures in multivariate spatial regression models.

Results

The results indicated that the most significant area-level predictors of alcohol expenditure were the percentage of individuals in management or finance occupations and the percentage with postsecondary education (one-unit increases associated with 78.6% and 35.0% increases in expenditures respectively). Presence of subway lines in the immediate and neighbouring areas was also significant (one-unit increases resulted in 5% and 28% increases respectively). Alcohol outlet density was also positively associated with alcohol expenditures.

Conclusion

The associations identified between licensed premises alcohol expenditures and small-area-level characteristics highlight the potential importance of small-area-level factors in understanding alcohol use. Understanding the small-area-level characteristics of expenditures and geographic variation of alcohol expenditures may provide avenues for alcohol use reduction initiatives and policies.
PEMBUATAN GAME EDUKASI �PETUALANGAN SI GEMUL� SEBAGAI PEMBELAJARAN PENGENALAN DAERAH SOLO RAYA PADA ANAK
Authors: Purnomo Fendi Aji , Pratisto Eko Harry , Taufiqurrakhman NH Taufiqurrakhman NH , Sahrul Firma , Lestari Inda Puji
Published: January 2019

Perkembangan administrasi setelah Orde Baru pemerintah telah menghapus tingkat Karesidenan di Indonesia termasuk Karesidenan Surakarta. Akibatnya nama Karesidenan Surakarta berubah menjadi Eks-Karesidenan Surakarta atau Wilayah Solo Raya. Wilayah Solo Raya terdiri dari tujuh Kabupaten tiga di antaranya berbatasan langsung dengan kota Solo yaitu Boyolali, Sukoharjo dan Karanganyar. Tiga yang lain tidak berbatasan langsung yaitu Wonogiri, Sragen dan Klaten. Masing-masing daerah memiliki slogan, tempat wisata dan makanan khas yang berbeda, namun masih banyak masyarakat yang kurang mengenalnya. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa kebanyakan anak-anak usia sekolah dasar belum mengetahui daerah-daerah mana saja yang masuk dalam daerah Solo Raya. Saat ini teknologi semakin berkembang secara pesat dan penggunaan gadget dapat difungsikan sebagai media edukasi. Dalam penelitian ini telah dikembangkan Game Edukasi berjudul Petualangan Gembul untuk mengenal daerah di Solo Raya Berbasis Android. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengembagan game ini adalah Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) Water Fall dimulai dari analisis, perancangan, pembuatan, pengujian dan pemeliharaan. Model permainan yang disajikan level pertama berupa adventure yang dilengkapi latar belakang daerah khas masing-masing, level kedua berupa kuis tanya jawab dan level ketiga berupa game puzzel yang berisi foto khas daerah untuk ditata ulang. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian perangkat terhadap 3 perangkat android yang berbeda spesifikasinya dan pengujian hasil pembuatan game melalui kuisioner dalam aspek penyampaian informasi dan desain visual game. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa 75% game tersebut memudahkan dalam mengenal daerah Solo Raya dan 79% menyebutkan bahwa tampilan game tersebut menarik. Kata kunci: game, android, anak, solo raya.
GAME EDUKASI MERAWAT DIRI UNTUK ANAK TUNAGRAHITA TINGKAT SEKOLAH DASAR BERBASIS KINECT XBOX 360
Authors: Al Irsyadi Fatah Yasin , Sholihah Siti Laila Mar�atus , Sudarmilah Endah
Published: January 2019

Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) tunagrahita adalah anak yang memiliki kemampuan intelektual bawah rata - rata anak normal. Agar dapat mandiri dalam merawat dirinya, maka anak tunagrahita perlu dibimbing dan diajari cara merawat diri secara berulang ulang. Metode pembelajaran pada anak tunagrahita berbeda dengan anak normal. Banyak metode belajar yang telah digunakan, namun berpegang pada prinsip yang sama yaitu harus menarik, mudah diterima dan diingat oleh anak tunagrahita. Salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam proses belajar anak tunagrahita adalah menggunakan media game. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat sebuah aplikasi game edukasi yang berkaitan dengan kemandirian anak tunagrahita. Game edukasi ini memanfaatkan teknologi kinect Xbox 360 sehingga menarik dan interaktif. Penelitian dilakukan di sekolah SLB-C YPSLB Surakarta dengan kurikulum sekolah SLB sebagai acuan utamanya. Penelitian diawali dengan mencermati beberapa tingkat kategori anak tunagrahita untuk mengetahui kemampuan masing-masing dalam menangkap informasi dan berkomunikasi. Penelitian juga melihat kemampuan siswa dalam merawat diri, karena berdasarkan wawancara dengan guru kemampuan mereka dalam merawat diri adalah berbeda-beda. Pembuatan game ini menggunakan software utama Unity3D, Kinect SDK dan software pendukung 3DsMax, audacity. Pengujian dilakukan dengan mendemokan aplikasi game edukasi ini kepada anak tunagrahita SDLB-C YPSLB Surakarta dan mereka diberi kesempatan untuk mencoba dengan didampingi guru. Berdasarkan hasil kuisioner yang diisi oleh guru SLB-C YPSLB Surakarta dapat dinyatakan bahwa game ini mudah dimainkan oleh anak tunagrahita kategori ringan, game ini sangat menarik dan bisa digunakan untuk melatih motorik anak serta dapat digunakan guru sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran. Kata kunci: anak tunagrahita, game edukasi, unity3D, kinect Xbox 360, audacity.
PENGUKURAN SIMILARITY TEMA PADA JUZ 30 AL QUR’AN MENGGUNAKAN TEKS KLASIFIKASI
Authors: Supriyati Endang , Iqbal Mohammad
Published: January 2019

Klasifikasi teks adalah proses mengkelompokan teks ke satu kelompok atau lebih dari daftar yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya. Statistik ayat-ayat Alquran dipelajari dan dijelaskan dalam literatur, seperti jumlah surah dan ayat, ukuran ayat menurut kata-kata, ukuran ayat dengan huruf dan hubungan ayat satu dengan lainnya. Ini memberi wawasan yang komprehensif tentang struktur ayat.   Penelitian ini akan membahas kedekatan tema ayat-ayat pada juz 30 yang berkaitan dengan kiamat, hisab, surga dan neraka. Langkah-langkah penelitian yaitu (1) pengumpulan data (2) preprocessing, (3) klasifikasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan me-record keseluruhan ayat pada juz 30 dilanjutkan dengan mendefiniskan tema tiap ayat yang berkaitan dengan kiamat, hisab, surga dan neraka.   Preposesing mempunyai tahapan tokenizing, filtering dan stemming. Kasifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa algoritma seperti Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM) dan    Naïve Bayes (NB). Dari hasil klasifikasi tersebut diperoleh hasil terbaik dengan klasifikasi decision tree akurasi 74,34%, SVM dengan akurasi 75,84%, dan Naïve Bayes dengan akurasi 66,29%. Kata kunci: data mining, teks klasifikasi, ayat Al Qur’an, similarity, algoritma klasifikasi.
PENERAPAN DATA MINING UNTUK EVALUASI KINERJA AKADEMIK MAHASISWA (STUDI KASUS: UMTAS)
Authors: Fitri Sulidar , Nurjanah Novi , Astuti Windi
Published: January 2019

Harapan masyarakat secara umum sangat besar yaitu supaya institusi pendidikan dapat menyelenggarakan pendidikan yang berkualitas bagi mahasiswa sehingga menghasilkan keluaran berupa sumber daya manusia yang terampil, berilmu, cerdas dan berkualitas. Penerapan Data Mining dilakukan untuk dapat mengukur kinerja akademik mahasiswa di Universitas Muhammadiyah melalui pengukuran pada Indeks Prestasi Akademik (IPK) sebagai yang utama. Keberhasilan dalam memperoleh IPK yang tinggi biasanya dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor salah satunya adalah jam berlajar mahasiswa tersebut. Banyak mahasiswa di lingkungan Universitas Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya (UMTAS) menjadi pengguna Internet aktif dan menjadi indikasi faktor pengganggu dalam kegiatan belajar mahasiswa. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan penerapan data mining dengan mengklasifikasikan melalui aturan atau rule algoritma Decision Tree mahasiswa berdasarkan IPK yang diperoleh pada semester sebelumnya. Selanjutnya, untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang signifikan dari faktor-faktor yang ada menggunakan metode penghitungan chi-square. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hasil prediksi dari data uji memberikan angka sebesar 84% mahasiwa memperoleh IPK Tinggi dan 16% sisanya memperoleh IPK Sedang. Untuk uji menggunakan chi kuadrat dapat menunjukan bahwa adanya nilai yang signifikan antara Penggunaan Media social terhadap nilai IPK. Ternyata, hasil berbeda terjadi pada hubungan antara waktku belajar terhadap niliai IPK yang tidak menunjukan adanya nilai yang signifikan.Kata kunci: klasifikasi, prediksi, Internet, media sosial, pengguna internet, pengaruh media sosial.