bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methods of fractal phototherapy in visual rehabilitation of patients with age-associated diseases of the retina
Authors:   Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Kotelin V.I. , Zueva M.V. ,   Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Neroeva N.V. ,   Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Tsapenko I.V. ,   Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia, Fadeev D.V. ,   Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

Актуальность. Отсутствие эффективной лекарственной терапии возраст-ассоциированных дегенеративных заболеваний сетчатки (ВМД, глаукома и др.) требует поиска новых подходов к лечению и зрительной реабилитации (ЗР). Сегодня активно развиваются немедикаментозные подходы к ЗР, основанные на нейропластичности, включая прерывистую электро и фотостимуляцию. Цель. Разработка фототерапевтической технологии, способствующей восстановлению нарушенных нейронных связей посредством увеличения потенциала пластичности сетчатки и зрительных путей. Материал и методы. Для разработки новой технологии ЗР были созданы два метода фрактальной фотостимуляции (ФФ) с различными возможностями и назначениями: переносной прибор для ФФ с подвижными излучателями, удобный для фотостимуляции человека и лабораторных животных, и метод ФФ в виртуальной реальности (VR). Результаты. Переносной излучатель в приборе ФФ удобен для проведения фототерапии у лабораторных животных и маломобильных пациентов, а ФФ, проводимая с помощью VR-очков, позволит повысить приверженность пациента к лечению благодаря условиям, приближенным к реальности и игровому формату терапии. В обоих методах яркость гомогенного экрана изменяется в соответствии с фрактальной функцией Вейерштрасса. Фрактальная размерность D=1,4, используемая при ФФ, соответствует средней D природных фракталов, которые имеют максимальную эстетическую привлекательность. При возраст-ассоциированных заболеваниях сетчатки происходит ослабление потенциала нейропластичности и деградация фрактальных анатомических структур мозга и сетчатки, теряется фрактальная сложность биологических ритмов. Предполагается, что ФФ способствует ремоделированию поврежденных нейронных сетей, повышая эффективность ЗР. Выводы. Разработаны методы ФФ, предназначенные для восстановления физиологической фрактальной динамики зрительной системы и максимизации нейропластичности для повышения эффективности ЗР и модифицирующего лечения дегенеративных заболеваний сетчатки.
Assessment of subjective perception of the state of ocular surface structures in patients with iatrogenic dry eye syndrome after phacoemulsification of cataracts
Authors:   Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Shulikova M.K. , Shurygina I.P. ,   Rostov State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don
Published: September 2024

Актуальность. Частота появления ятрогенного синдрома «сухого глаза» (ССГ) после факоэмульсификации катаракты (ФЭК) может достигать 20%, что снижает качество жизни пациентов в отдаленный период. Цель. Оценить индекс заболевания глазной поверхности (Ocular Surface Disorders Index) — OSDI у пациентов с появлением ССГ после ФЭК. Материал и методы. В группу исследования вошли 80 пациентов (80 глаз) в возрасте от 64 до 80 лет (в среднем 68,7±5,4 года), среди них было 35 мужчин и 41 женщина. Основным критерием отбора пациентов было наличие ятрогенного ССГ в первые сутки после ФЭК. Оценка OSDI состояла из определения суммы в баллах ответов пациентом на 12 вопросов, разделенных на три группы с оценкой всех ответов по шкале от 0 до 4 балла в зависимости от выраженности симптомов. Величина OSDI соответствовала ССГ различной степени тяжести. Результаты. Анализ полученных данных OSDI констатировал, что показатели ССГ легкой степени отмечались у 56 (70%) пациентов, ССГ умеренной(средней) степени — у 20 (25%) пациентов и выраженного ССГ (тяжелой степени) — у 4 (5%) пациентов. Следовательно, проведенное исследование выявило в основном у большинства пациентов развитие ССГ легкой степени тяжести, однако все пациенты нуждались в длительной постоянной слезозаместительной терапии. Выводы. Таким образом, хирургическая травма структур глазной поверхности во время проведения ФЭК у пациентов старшей возрастной категории может приводить к развитию ССГ, чаще легкой степени тяжести, в ранний послеоперационный период, что определяет целесообразность включения слезозаместительной терапии в схемы медицинской реабилитации для улучшения состояния структур глазной поверхности, ускорения процессов регенерации роговицы и повышения качества жизни пациентов.
Automated System for Testing Algorithms for Controlling the Process of Induction Soldering of Waveguide Paths
Authors: Тынченко В.С. , Милов А.В. , Курашкин С.О.
Published: September 2024

В данной работе представлены математические и программные средства, предназначенные для тестирования алгоритмов управления технологическим процессом индукционной пайки волноводных трактов космических аппаратов. Настройка технологического процесса посредством проведения натурных экспериментов является дорогостоящей и трудоемкой. Использование математических и программных средств позволит снизить трудоемкость и стоимость разработки технологического процесса за счет замены натурных экспериментов модельными. Предложенная в исследовании автоматизированная система включает комплекс математических моделей как для отдельных элементов, так и для сборки волноводного тракта в целом. Программное обеспечение представляет собой реализацию этих математических моделей для тестирования и настройки алгоритмов управления процесса индукционной пайки. Программное обеспечение разработано в рамках объектно-ориентированного подхода. Использование данного программного обеспечения позволит упростить и удешевить тестирование и настройку технологического процесса индукционной пайки волноводных трактов.

This paper presents mathematical and software tools designed to test control algorithms for the technological process of induction soldering of waveguide paths of spacecraft. Setting up a technological process by carrying out fi eld experiments is expensive and laborious. The use of mathematical and software tools will reduce the labor intensity and cost of developing a technological process by replacing full-scale experiments with model ones. The automated system proposed in the study includes a set of mathematical models both for individual elements and for assembling the waveguide path as a whole. The software represents the implementation of these mathematical models for testing and tuning control algorithms for the induction soldering process. The software is developed in the framework of an object-oriented approach. The use of this software will simplify and reduce the cost of testing and tuning the technological process of induction soldering of waveguide paths.
Synthesis and Programming of Hardware Accelerator Based on PLD in Xilinx CAD
Authors: Дивакова Я.А.
Published: September 2024

ПЛИС являются частью аппаратного метода ускорения работы разрабатываемых алгоритмов шифрования. Наиболее востребованными являются ПЛИС с архитектурой FPGA. Эти схемы пользуются спросом ввид у их быстродействия и возможности перепрограммирования алгоритма шифрования. В статье рассмотрены все этапы проектирования арифметико-логического устройства: реализация на основе минимальной ДНФ, реализация на логических генераторах, разработан алгоритм шифрования на языке описания Verilog, реализована общая структура ПЛИС и выполнено тестирование спроектированного арифметико-логического устройства, реализованного в объеме ПЛИС Spartan-3E. Решена задача неограниченного перепрограммирования устройства с помощью языка описания Verilog. Исследованы возможности разработки программно-аппаратных систем в САПР Xilinx.

PLDs are part of a hardware method for accelerating the work of the developed encryption algorithms. The most popular are PLDs with FPGA architecture. These chips are in demand due to their speed and the ability to reprogram the encryption algorithm. The article includes all the stages of designing an arithmetic logic unit: implementation based on the minimum DNF, implementation on logical generators, an encryption algorithm in the Verilog description language is developed, the general structure of the PLD is implemented, and the design of the arithmetic logic unit is tested, implemented in the scope of the Spartan-3E PLD. The problem of unlimited reprogramming of the device using the Verilog description language has been solved. The possibilities of development of software and hardware systems in Xilinx CAD are investigated.
STATE NOISE COVARIANCE SEARCH METHOD IN THE PROBLEM OF ESTIMATING THE SINS ERROR AT THE RATE
Authors: Егоров Ю.Г. , Мкртчян В.И.
Published: September 2024

Рассматривается метод автоматического поиска ковариационной матрицы шумов состояния для получения оптимальной оценки ошибки БИНС по курсу с помощью фильтра Калмана. Выбран критерий оптимального оценивания. Синтезирован алгоритм поиска и приведено подробное описание его реализации на практике. В качестве измерений используются разности проекций путевой скорости БИНС относительно сигналов спутниковой навигационной системы (СНС). Приведены результаты тестирования метода на синтетических данных.

A method of automatic search for the covariance matrix of state noises is considered to obtain an optimal estimate of the SINS heading error using the Kalman filter. The criterion of optimal estimation is chosen. The search algorithm is synthesized and a detailed description of its im-plementation in practice is given. The differences in the projections of the SINS ground speed relative to the signals of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are used as measurements. The results of testing the method on synthetic data are presented.
To a question of a phytosanitary situation in a heterogeneous ecosystem of ornamental herbaceous perennials in GBS RAS (viral and fungal pathogens)
Authors: Червякова О.Н. , Келдыш М.А.
Published: September 2024

Представлены данные многолетнего мониторинга вирусных патогенов в экосистемах декоративных травянистых многолетников. Приведены сведения о видовом составе вирусов и их комплексов с возбудителями грибных заболеваний в экосистемах 22 наименований. Ретроспективный анализ распространения вирусов в различные периоды показал вариабельность соотношения их популяций, уровня доминирования и состава патокомплексов. На примере отдельных экосистем (Phlox L., Paeonia L., Tulipa L., Dahlia L., Narcissus L.) проведена оценка изменчивости структуры видового состава. Показана прогрессирующая тенденция адаптивности неспецифических вирусов. Выделены доминирующие и второстепенные объекты в условиях гетерогенной экосистемы многолетников в настоящий период. Подчеркивается важное значение равновесного состояния патокомплексов и обсуждаются факторы, способствующие его дестабилизации.

Data of long-term monitoring of virus pathogens are provided in ecosystems of ornamental herbaceous perennials. The information about specifi c structure of viruses and their complexes with causative agents of fungal diseases are provided in ecosystems of 22 names. The retrospective analysis of spread of viruses during various periods showed variability of a ratio of their populations, level of domination and structure of patokomleks. On the example of separate ecosystems (Phlox L., Paeonia L., Tulipa L., Dahlia L., Narcissus L.) the assessment of variability of structure of species composition is carried out. The progressing trend of adaptability of nonspecific viruses is shown. The dominating and minor objects in the conditions of a heterogeneous ecosystem of perennials during the present period are allocated. The importance of an equilibrium condition of patokompleks is emphasized and the factors promoting its destabilization are discussed.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE SYSTEM FOR MEASURING POLLUTANTS IN REGIONAL MONITORING
Authors: Роева Н.Н. , Воронич С.С. , Гребёнкин Н.Н. , Зайцев Д.А. , Хлопаев А.Г.
Published: September 2024

Представлены предложения по аппаратурно-техническому оснащению стационарной лаборатории региональной системы экологического мониторинга, представляющую собой совокупность специально оборудованных помещений, приспособленных для исследований отобранных проб объектов окружающей природной среды различными аналитическими методами с целью количественного определения в них концентраций специфических загрязняющих веществ. В частности, отмечается, что получение первичной информации о возможном изменении состава воздуха, воды и почвы возможно с использованием химических, физико-химических и физических методов, а также биотестирования. Кроме этого, акцентируется внимание на возможности использования переносных средств контроля, и на основе анализа отечественного и зарубежного рынка таких приборов обоснован выбор наиболее эффективных и экономически доступных приборов и средств измерений.

N the presented article, the authors presented proposals for the hardware and technical equipment of the station-arylaboratory of the regional environmental monitoring system, which is a set of specially equipped rooms adapted for the study of selected samples of environmental objects by various analytical methods in order to quantitatively determine the concentrations of specific pollutants in them. In particular, it notes that obtaining primary information about a possible change in the composition of air, water and soil is possible using chemical, physicochemical and physical methods, as well as biotesting. In addition, the article focuses on the possibility of using portable control devices and, based on the analysis of the domestic and foreign market for such devices, this article substantiates the choice of the most effective and economically available devices and measuring instruments.
PHYSICAL SIMULATION OF THE WORKING PROCESS OF THE SNOWMELTING INSTALLATION WITH AN ACTIVE WORKING ELEMENT
Authors: Серебренников А.А. , Плохов А.А.
Published: September 2024

На основе анализа опыта эксплуатации снегоплавильных установок и предлагаемых патентных решений по их совершенствованию разработана новая конструкция. Подтверждена работоспособность новой конструкции, в которой вращение рабочих органов осуществляется под действием давления подаваемого теплоносителя. В основу изучения рабочего процесса положен экспериментальный метод, базирующийся на физическом моделировании. Исследовано влияние отдельных факторов, влияющих на интенсивность и эффективность, позволяющих определить критериальные уравнения подобия. На основе полученных результатов рассчитана, создана и проверена в реальных условиях эксплуатации опытно-промышленная установка.

Based on an analysis of the operating snow melting installations experience and the proposed patent solutions for their improvement, a new design is proposed. The operability of the new design, in which the rotation of the working bodies is carried out under the infl uence of the pressure of the supplied coolant, is confirmed. The working process study is based on an experimental method based on physical modeling. Individual factors infl uence affecting the intensity and efficiency, allowing to determine the criterion equations of similarity is investigated. Based on the results obtained, a pilot-industrial installation was calculated, created and tested under real operating conditions.
ELECTRODYNAMICS AND DYNAMICS OF CHARGE AND CURRENT INSIDE AN ELECTRON AND PROTON BASED ON FUNDAMENTAL CONSERVATION LAWS
Authors: ЛАПТУХОВ А.И.
Published: September 2024

Внутри ядра частицы мы имеем не вакуум, а среду, в которой электромагнитное поле описывается четырьмя векторами D, E, B и H. На основе нелинейной электродинамики среды и фундаментальных законов сохранения электрического заряда, энергии, потока энергии (импульса) и его момента получена замкнутая система уравнений для расчёта динамики электромагнитного поля, заряда и тока, применимая как внутри ядер частиц, так и вне их. Ядерные силы внутри объёма протона, электрона и других частиц, уравновешивающие кулоновские силы отталкивания, зависят от распределения плотности электрического заряда и тока и поэтому имеют электромагнитную природу, но не сводятся к силе Лоренца. Каждой частице соответствует своё состояние электромагнитного поля, со своей плотностью энергии и соответствующими ей связями между векторами D, E, B, H.

Inside the nucleus of a particle, we have not a vacuum, but a medium in which the electromagnetic field is described by four vectors D, E, B and H. Based on the nonlinear electrodynamics of the medium and the fundamental laws of conservation of electric charge, energy, energy flux (momentum) and its moment, a closed the system of equations for calculating the dynamics of the electromagnetic field, charge and current, applicable both inside the nuclei of particles and outside them. The nuclear forces inside the volume of the proton, electron and other particles, which balance the Coulomb repulsive forces, depend on the distribution of the density of the electric charge and current and therefore have an electromagnetic nature, but are not reduced to the Lorenz force. Each particle corresponds to its own state of the electromagnetic field, with its own energy density and the corresponding connections between the vectors D, E, B, H.
INVENTOR OF WIRELESS COMMUNICATION ALEXANDR POPOV AND INITIAL SCIENTISTS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS RESEARCH IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
Authors: Алексеева В.А. , Зубарев Ю.Б. , Григорьев О.А.
Published: September 2024

В статье приводятся новые сведения о семейно-профессиональных связях изобретателя радио А.С. Попова и первых исследователей биологических эффектов электромагнитного поля в Российской Империи. Впервые описана в совокупности и проанализирована структура семейно-профессиональных связей семьи А.С. Попова, включавшая докторов медицины, физиологов, электрофизиков, работавших совместно в области исследований биоэффектов «электромагнетизма» в конце XIX–начале XX веков. Эти связи способствовали защите первой в Российской Империи медико-биологической диссертации по непосредственному действию электромагнитного поля на человека (П.И. Ижевский, Императорская Военно-медицинская академия, 1900 г.) и к защите первой в Императорском Томском университете диссертации по медицине, посвященной физиологическим эффектам действия "электричества на расстоянии" (Н.С. Спасский, 1901 г.). Профессор Попов оказал непосредственное влияние на первые медико-биологические исследования электромагнитного поля в Российской Империи.

Professor Aleksandr Popov, the principal inventor of the practical radio, had an influence on the first biomedical researches of the electromagnetic field in the Russian Empire. The results of analyses of Popov’s family structure and professional contacts, show group of doctors of medicine, physiologists, electrophysicists, who worked together in research on the bioeffects of "electromagnetism" in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. Family and professional contacts were helpful for creating of the first dissertation in the Russian Empire on the research of the effect of an electromagnetic field on a persons (P.I. Izhevsky, Imperial Military Medical Academy, 1900) and for the first dissertation on medicine in the Imperial Tomsk University, devoted to the action of "the electricity at distance" on alive biological objects (N.S. Spassky, 1901).
ASYMPTOTIC REPRESENTATION OF THE SOLUTION OF THE PRESSURE FIELD PROBLEM IN IMPERFECTLY OPEN OIL AND GAS FORMATION
Authors: ФИЛИППОВ А.И. , МИХАЙЛОВ П.Н.
Published: September 2024

Получены асимптотические выражения для поля давления в анизотропном слоистом пласте ограниченной толщины, перфорированная часть которого имеет проницаемость, зависящую от вертикальной координаты. В задачу сопряжения введен формальный асимптотический параметр, с помощью которого она представлена в виде последовательности задач для коэффициентов асимптотического разложения. Построено аналитическое решение нагруженной следами производных из внешних областей задачи для нулевого коэффициента асимптотического разложения. С целью обоснования того, что построенное решение является асимптотическим, сформулирована задача для остаточного члена нулевого приближения. Задача для остаточного члена представлена в виде последовательности задач для коэффициентов разложения остаточного члена по тому же асимптотическому параметру, что и в исходной задаче. Показано, что задача для нулевого коэффициента разложения остаточного члена имеет тривиальное решение. Это означает, что остаточный член содержит слагаемые только первого и более высоких порядков разложения по формальному асимптотическому параметру.

Asymptotic expressions are obtained for the pressure field in an anisotropic layered formation, the permeability of which depends on the vertical coordinate. A formal asymptotic parameter is introduced into the conjugation problem, with the help of which it is represented as a sequence of problems for the coefficients of the asymptotic expansion. An analytical solution is constructed for the problem loaded with traces of derivatives from the outer regions for a zero coefficient of the asymptotic expansion. In order to substantiate the fact that the constructed solution is asymptotic, a problem is formulated for the remainder term of the zero approximation. The resulting problem is presented in the form of a sequence of problems for the expansion coefficients of the remainder term in the same asymptotic parameter as in the original problem. It is shown that the problem for the zero expansion coefficient of the remainder term has a trivial solution. This means that the remainder contains terms of the first and higher orders of expansion in the formal asymptotic parameter.
Methodology for Varying Small Angular Parameters of Three-Component Fluxgate Sensors of Gradiometric Converters
Authors: МИЛОВЗОРОВ Д.Г.
Published: September 2024

В статье рассматриваются трехкомпонентные градиентометрические преобразователи и методика определения углов, характеризующих конкретное пространственное позиционирование измерительных преобразователей в корпусе прибора и вносящих инструментальные погрешности. Предложена методика верификации численных значений констант, определяемых на этапах калибровки путем их итерационного варьирования.

The article discusses three-component gradiometric transducers and a technique for determining the angles that characterize the specific spatial positioning of the measuring transducers in the instrument case and specify instrumental errors. A technique is proposed for refining the numerical values of the constants determined at the calibration stages by their iterative variation.
INTERETHNIC AND INTERFAITH RELATIONS IN THE HISTORY AND POLITICS OF SOME STATES OF THE CARIBBEAN
Authors: Славина А.А.
Published: September 2024

Рассматриваются межнациональные и межконфессиональные отношения на Кубе и в Венесуэле как результат исторического развития этих стран и их взаимоотношений с бывшей европейской метрополией Испанией и США. Проводится сопоставление взаимосвязи межнациональных, межконфессиональных и международных отношений Кубы и Венесуэлы с аналогичной взаимосвязью в странах Юго-восточной Европы. Делается вывод, что попытки внешних сил подчинить те или иные сообщества своему влиянию в итоге сплачивают эти сообщества, снижая имеющие место внутренние противоречия, однако это происходит при условии высокого уровня доверия населения руководству страны.

The article considers interethnic and interfaith relations in Cuba and Venezuela as a result of the historical development of these countries and their relationship with the former European metropolis Spain and the United States. The author compares the relationship of interethnic, interfaith and international relations between Cuba and Venezuela with a similar relationship in the countries of South-Eastern Europe. It is concluded that attempts by external forces to subordinate certain communities to their influence ultimately unite these communities, reducing existing internal contradictions, but this happens under the condition of a high level of public confi dence in the country’s leadership.
THE INFLUENCE OF TIDAL WAVE Mf ON THE HIGH-FREQUENCY COMPONENT OF VARIATIONS IN THE EARTH ROTATION PARAMETERS
Authors: Мясников А.В.
Published: September 2024

В работе проведен анализ вариации параметров приливной лунной деклинационной волны Mf в вариации угла вращения Земли (временной ряд UT1–UTC). В качестве исходных данных использовался бюллетень EOP14C04 Международной службы вращения Земли (МСВЗ) и опорных систем International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems (IERS), который содержит данные о параметрах вращения Земли (ПВЗ) с 1962 г. по настоящее время с шагом одни сутки. Показано, что все периодические составляющие вариации амплитуды волны Mf, где основным является период обращения лунных узлов с периодом 18.6 лет, полностью совпадают с соответствующими параметрами волны Mf для деформационного прилива, выделенного из полного прилива, полученного с помощью стандартного пакета ETGTAB. Показан, в качестве примера, прогноз развития волны Mf вращения Земли до 2035 г.

The paper analyzes the variation in the parameters of the tidal lunar declination wave Mf in the variation of the Earth rotation angle (UT1–UTC time series). The source data was bulletin EOP14C04 of the International Earthʼs Rotation and Reference Systems (IERS), which contains data on the parameters of the Earth rotation (ER) from 1962 to the present in one-day increments. It is shown that all periodic components of the variation of the Mf parameters, where the main one is the orbital period of the lunar nodes with a period of 18.6 years, completely coincide with the corresponding parameters of the Mf wave for the deformation tide, isolated from the total tide obtained using the standard ETGTAB package. Shown, as an example, is the forecast for the development of the Mf wave of the Earth rotation until 2035.
The relationship of tax instruments and performance indicators of companies to ensure the environmental component of sustainable development in Russia
Authors: Zatsarnaya N. A. , Enatskaya N. I.
Published: September 2024

The article lists the categories that can be  considered as  taxation instruments. It   is proposed to   regard tax burden as  the main instrument of   tax policy for realising sustainable development of   the country. It   is concluded that in   practice the consequences of   its increase and decrease can be   difficult to  predict. One of   the reasons lies in  the fact that financial decisions of   companies are influenced not so   much by  the size of  the tax burden as   by the change in  profitability provoked by   it. The comparison of   the tax burden and profitability indicators for all sectors of  the Russian economy has been conducted. The correlation of   the profitability (profitability of   goods sold and profitability of   assets) and the tax burden indicators by  industries of  the Russian economy has been calculated. The results are ambiguous: it  is concluded that there is   no connection between the environmental friendliness of   the type of   activity and the interdependence between the industry indicators of   the tax burden and profitability. It   has been found that not only the tax burden, but also the level of   profitability are differentiated by  industry. The classification of   economic activities by  the degree of   environmental friendliness is   proposed: directly affecting the environment, associated with the impact on   it, associated with indicators of  environmental safety, activities that have no  direct connection with the environment.
On the prospects of small and medium-sized manufacturing businesses in Russia
Authors: Ivanov I. N. , Orlova L. V. , Sundukova G. M.
Published: September 2024

The sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to  as  RF, Russia) have most significantly affected high-tech sectors of   the economy. In   these conditions, it   is necessary to   solve a   number of  problems, including import substitution, the transition to   the Industry 4.0 concept and low-carbon production and consumption. The need of   participation in   solving these problems is   substantiated not only for large, but also for small and medium-sized businesses (hereinafter referred to   as SMB). The current state and prospects for the development of   small and medium-sized enterprises (hereinafter referred to   as SME) in   Russia are analysed. The article emphasises the discrepancy between the modern state of   the domestic SME and its potential capabilities , in   particular the insufficient participation of  this business in  production activities. The problems of   SMB and its risks related to   the current geopolitical situation are indicated. Ways of   overcoming similar problems in   other countries experiencing sanctions pressure, as   well as  the efforts of   the RF   to   minimise losses of   the Russian SMB, are shown. It   is noted that the implementation of   the national project “Small and medium-sized entrepreneurship and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative” does not solve all the problems of  the SME. As  promising areas for the SMB development, it  is proposed to   strengthen its cooperation with big business, modify the “Grow a   Supplier” programme, and intensify work on  targeted training of   personnel for subjects of   small and medium-sized manufacturing entrepreneurship in   the country’s universities with participation of   the big business. The ways to   ensure the sustainability of   the domestic manufacturing business, possible in   modern conditions, are considered.
Russia in the system of functioning models of the modern world market for arms and military equipment
Authors: Repnikov D. A.
Published: September 2024

In   the context of   modern geopolitical conflicts, which have led to  complications in   the international trade and investment cooperation between countries, there are serious changes in  the positions of   states in  the global export of  arms and military equipment (hereinafter referred to   as AME). Structural transformations in   the international exchange of  the AME are also conditioned by   the clash of   economic interests of   individual countries due to   globalisation of  recent decades as   well as   by the use of   various models of  production and export of  the AME at   the national level. As  shown in   our article, states of   the world are seriously differentiated in   their own production of   the AME according to  the degree of   their dependence on   imports and foreign suppliers of   components and technologies. The fact that countries can be   advanced participants in   the technological chain or   be niche suppliers determines new directions for their international specialisation and, largely, the rules and nature of   competition in   the modern AME market. As   part of   the presented analysis of   the national specialisation models of  states, the competitive advantages and weaknesses of   Russia as   one of   the leading arms exporters in   the world are shown. At   the same time, the foreign policy and economic risks of  strengthening its position in  the global AME trade have been assessed. Based on   the results of   the study, directions for reinforcing the potential of  the Russian military-industrial complex in   the world AME market have been formulated.
Green finance as a tool to stimulate investments in environmentally sustainable projects
Authors: Karimov U. S.
Published: September 2024

This article discusses one of  the most effective methods of  financing investments in  fixed assets through loans or   bonds. The mechanism of   green financing is a   tool that can attract part of   the necessary investments to   achieve ambitious goals of   the designated strategy. The ESG (environmental, social, governance) agenda has recently become one of  the most popular and widely discussed topics in   global communities, including financial ones, as   any transformation and change in   business and economic conjunctures often require a   significant amount of   investment. The largest number of   questions is   raised by   the E  (environmental) component which is   responsible for ecology, namely for ensuring decarbonisation of   economic and social processes as   well as  for adapting to   the challenges associated with the global energy transition, for protecting and multiplying natural capital, and reducing the harmful human impact on   the environment. The article also provides a   methodology for calculating the greenium that investors are willing to   pay the issuer. The main attention is   paid to a   detailed analysis of   the current state of   the green bond market and to   the process of   forming a   greenium in   the Russian green finance market which will help investors make informed decisions when choosing investments.
Interaction of public administration and mass media in the context of digitalisation: problem statement
Authors: Evloev A. M.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the current topic of  interaction between public administration and mass media in   the context of   digitalisation.  Digitalisation is   defined as a   glob -al trend changing socio-political reality. The concepts of   “mass media” and “mass communication” are analysed in   detail, and the features of  their cooperation while expanding digital audience are revealed. In  the realities of   the 21st century, when digita lisation has a   significant impact, the state transforms its functions, starting to   actively interact with society and citizens, creating equal relations in   the updated political system. An  important link that unites information is   mass media which closely cooperates with state authorities and the entire management system. Through the media, government agencies coordinate the efforts of   various social groups and organisations without coercion, defining the main directions and strategies of   socio-political initiatives and actions. The article highlights the use of   the mass media as a   political tool and a   way to  organise a  dialogue between the state and civil society. It  also analyses the influence of   the mass media as   the fourth branch of   government. The author concludes that it   is necessary to   comprehensively study the problem of   interaction between public administration and mass media for more effective functioning of   both institutions. This means that in   the context of   digitalisation, there is a   need to   consider changes in   the media sphere and develop new approaches to   media policy, given modern challenges and trends.
Mobility of social processes as a resource of society. Correlation of the concepts of pathology, deviation, mutations
Authors: Shlyapin S. I.
Published: September 2024

The article considers the correlation of   the concepts of   pathology, deviation and mutation based on   the theoretical content from the list of   references. Deviation is   not always purely negative. We  prove this through H. Becker’s work “Outsiders”. Social groups create rules, and deviants are not able to   obey the accepted norms and become outsiders. We   have called this approach sociocul-tural. The approach described in  V.N. Zheleznyak’s monograph through the prism of   rationalistic philosophy is  more difficult to  understand and present the phenomenon of   deviation. The main idea that is   revealed in  the author’s narrative is  as follows: the classical epistemology of   rationalism is  the mind’s report on   its self-improvement. Through the socio-biological approach, deviation is   considered with the help of   the prism of   the evolutionary theory and influence of   mutations on  development. If  we study mutations of   the social life of   society, then we  can call this system a  socio-cultural mutation. The last approach was the physiological (anthropological) one. From its points of  view, it   is said about a   difference in  the origin of  the races of   people, hence the likely deviation. S.V. Savelyev in   his lecture material has considered the social evolution of   the human brain with the help of   the anthropological approach. Here we   can impose the phenomenon of   deviation on  the author’s theses, as   if describing behaviour through the anthropological differences.
Analysis of the relationship between the level of satisfaction with interpersonal relations in a dance couple, socio-psychological qualities of partners and the assessment of dyadic coping
Authors: Zirin V. A. , Ovsianik O. A.
Published: September 2024

The article presents the results of   studying the influence of  socio-psychological personality traits of   highly qualified dancers and their assessment of   dyadic coping on   the subjective level of   satisfaction with interpersonal relationships in  dance couples. The purposes of   the research are aimed at   identifying specific personality traits of   dancers and their coping strategies that have a   positive impact on  the process of   intraparty interpersonal communication. The research also involves an   empirical analysis and identification of   the features of   this influence. The following diagnostic tools have been used: the authors’ modified version of   the questionnaire of  satisfaction with marriage by   V.V. Stolin, T.A. Romanova and G.P. Butenko, the Dyadic Coping Inventory by   G. Bodenmann in  the adaptation of   T.L. Kryukova, O.A. Ekimchik and the five-factor personality questionnaire, 5PFQ, by   H. Tsuji in  the adaptation of   A.B. Khromov. Such socio-psychological personality qualities of  female dancers have been revealed as  extroversion, emotional stability, and practicality, which have the greatest influence on  subjectively high level of   satisfaction with relationships in  representatives of  both sexes. It  is stated that among all copings of  dyadic interaction delegated coping (in the direction of a  young man) and coping of   support from both partners impact the high level of   satisfaction with the existing interpersonal relations most. Further study of   the socio-psychological determinants of  interpersonal communication between all participants of   the dance and sports process is a   promising line of   research.
Processing large amounts of data in Python for the purposes of applied socio-economic research: advantages and current issues
Authors: Konishchev E. S.
Published: September 2024

The article is  devoted to  the study of   the features of   processing large amounts of   data using the Python programming language. Unlike tabular processors or   finished software products, programming languages offer the user a   flexible toolkit for the implementation of   tasks. At   the same time, this creates certain risks associated with the effectiveness of  using appropriate tools and optimising the operation of   the programme. The purpose of   the article is   to study the features of   processing large amounts of   data in   Python on  the  examples of   immediate research tasks. The relevance of   the topic and purpose of  the article is   due to   the existing scientific gap related to a  comprehensive consideration of   the technical aspects of   the use of  programming languages and associated tools for socio-economic research. Thus, many authors who use programming languages in   their works rarely provide information regarding the advantages of   certain algorithms or  approaches. Within the framework of  the article, the author examines the procedures and algorithm of   processing a   large array of   data on   the example of   specific research tasks. The conclusions are drawn about the features and advantages of   Python when working with large amounts of   data as   well as  about the prospects for the development of   the relevant scientific topics.
Influence of Pnictogen and Ligand Framework on the Lewis Acidity and Steric Environment in Pnictogen Pincer Complexes
Authors: Kirsch Tamina , Hannah Tyler , Chitnis Saurabh
Published: September 2024

Pnictogen pincer complexes are a fascinating class of compounds due to their dynamic molecular and electronic structures, and valuable stoichiometric or catalytic reactivity. As recognition of their unique chemistry has grown, so too has the library of pincer ligands employed and pnictogen centres engaged to prepare them. Here we computationally study how the choice of pincer ligand framework and pnictogen influence the electronic and steric outcomes of the complexes obtained. The most relevant electronic parameter is the pnictogen-centred electrophilicity, which has been quantified by fluoride ion affinities and LUMO energies, while the most relevant steric parameter is the crowding around the central pnictogen, which has been quantified by the %Vbur values and visualized using steric maps. The resulting trends are analyzed with reference to binding pocket size, acceptor orbital type, electronic delocalization, π-donor strengths, and heteroatom incorporation. Thus, considering 16 ligand frameworks and 4 heavy pnictogen centres, this study provides a broad-spectrum view of stereo-electronic variation in pnictogen pincer complexes, which, together with a recent study on geometric variation in the same family, provides a substantial dataset to guide future molecular design and reactivity studies.
Sequence-Controlled Divergent Supramolecular Assembly of Polyproline Helices into Metallo-Peptide Nanoparticles
Authors: Brightwell Dominic F. , Samanta Kushal , Watts Julie A. , Fay Michael W. , Palma Aniello
Published: September 2024

The field of peptide based supramolecular biomaterials is fast evolving. These types of constructs have been shown to find applications in the fields of bioimaging, drug delivery and scaffolds for chemical reactions. However, the community typically focuses on the use of two specific class of structured peptides: alpha-helices and beta-sheets, clearly neglecting a unique peptide secondary structure: the polyproline helix. Herein, we report the first design, synthesis and characterization of polyproline based metallo-peptide nanoparticles. We demonstrate that rationally engineered polyproline helices can assemble in a divergent manner, into two types of nanoparticles. We also demonstrate that the primary sequence of the functionalised polyproline peptide, is crucial to ensure a controlled assembly. This work clearly demonstrates that polyproline helices can be a powerful tool to achieve supramolecular assemblies of complex and responsive bioinspired nanomaterials.
[18F]CF3I – Enabling Photoredox-mediated Radical [18F]Trifluoromethylation for Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Veth Lukas , Windhorst Albert D. , Vugts Danielle J.
Published: September 2024

The development of new tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) is highly dependent on the available synthetic tools for their radiosynthesis. Herein, we present the first radiosynthesis and application of [18F]trifluoroiodomethane – the first reagent for broad scope radical [18F]trifluoromethylation chemistry in high molar activity. [18F]CF3I can be prepared from [18F]fluoroform with 67±5% AY and >99% RCP. Its synthetic utility is demonstrated by the radiosynthesis of previously unprecedented 18F-labeled -trifluoromethyl ketones and trifluoromethyl sulfides, important motifs that are present in a range of bioactive compounds. Both protocols are Ru- and photo-mediated and proceed under mild reaction conditions. They show good functional group tolerance evidenced by the respective reaction scopes and make use of easily obtainable starting materials. The products can be isolated in 8.3-11.1 GBq/μmol (starting from ca. 5 GBq [18F]fluoride). The applicability to PET tracer synthesis is shown by the radiolabeling of bioactive compounds, such as derivatives of probenecid and febuxostat. In a broader context, this work opens the door to the utilization of radical [18F]trifluoromethylation chemistry for the radiolabeling of PET tracers in high molar activity.
Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Leaf and Flower Extracts of Firmiana colorata
Authors: Bi Bi Hajira , Menezes Geraldine , B K Bettadaiah , KS Naresh
Published: September 2024

Background Firmiana colorata is notable for its use in traditional medicine. Isolation structural elucidation of its bioactive compounds and scientific reasoning for its traditional use renders authenticity to the plant and corroborate the search for novel semi-synthetic compounds with potent medicinal properties. Objective The current study aimed to report the isolation structural elucidation and identification of two bioactive compounds from leaf and flower extracts of F. colorata using chromatographic and spectroscopic methods.Methodology Pure compounds were isolated from leaf and flower extracts respectively through column chromatography using n-hexane ethyl acetate and methanol mixture.Results Two pure compounds one isolated from a leaf extract Compound 1 and the other from a flower extract Compound 2 were successfully obtained using column chromatography. Based on a comparison of the spectral data of F. colorata with literature references Compound 1 from the leaf extract was identified as stearic acid and Compound 2 from the flower extract was identified as p-Coumaric acid.Conclusion Leaves of F. colorata are a good source of stearic acid which may find application in the food cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. p-Coumaric acid is considered the contributor to the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties exhibited by the flower extracts of F. colorata.
Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation Program for a Young Man with Type 1 Neurofibromatosis: A Case Report
Authors: PH Sandeep , KV Ranjith
Published: September 2024

Neurofibromatosis NF is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous condition characterized by a set of clinical symptoms that affect multiple systems in the human body. Due to its multisystem involvement an interdisciplinary plan of care is crucial for effective rehabilitation. This study highlights a 23-year-old man diagnosed with NF-1 at the cervical level of C2-C4 causing widening of the neural foramen for which he underwent laminectomy and decompression surgery from C2 to C5 levels. After the surgery he experienced limitations in his daily activities and mobility. After the evaluation on the basis of the International classification of functioning model the patient and parents were educated about the condition and progress. The interdisciplinary team set a plan of care and told the patient about the realistic goals that they could achieve. At discharge the patient had met the goals and there was a significant improvement in his daily functional activities and quality of life.
A Literature Review on Emotional Intelligence of Large Language Models (LLMs)
Authors:   Aligarh, India, Raj Pinaki
Published: September 2024

Large Language Models(LLMs) are artificial intelligence models that use deep neural networks to perform Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. These tasks include interaction between humans and computers, enabling computers to interpret and generate human languages in a meaningful manner. Large Language models are called "large" because of the architecture’s size and the huge sets of training text data. With the emergence of transformer-based LLMs, the game of NLPs has reached another level. This is due to their ability to handle long-range text dependencies in parallel. The growing prevalence of transformer-based LLMs in human lives has necessitated evaluating the scope of the Emotional Intelligence(EI) of LLMs. This paper will discuss the need for emotional intelligence in transformer-based LLMs and the various existing studies that have evaluated this aspect. The potential challenges of the LLMs along with the future directions for research in this field will also be discussed.