bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
To slip out of the geometric straitjacket
Authors: Korn Mirjam
Published: September 2023

The tunnel method is a technique employed in the design of wallpaper patterns to facilitate the hanging process while maintaining the integrity of the pattern. It can be utilised in both the reconstruction of historical patterns and the creation of new ones. I have explored the potential of this method since 2006, and in my latest project, I had the opportunity to document its application in Swedish wallpaper studios and endeavour to understand its historical background regarding cultural and printing conditions. By testing the effect of applying the method to wallpaper patterns, I explored its possibility of generating distinctive effects within the pattern when the wallpaper is installed. In this way, the user can actively participate in determining the degree of variation in the pattern during the installation process, either by embracing serendipity or by making deliberate choices. The purpose is to promote wallpaper patterns with greater variation and wallpapers made from sustainable materials. Although this investigation led to several different ways of utilising the tunnel method, there is still much to be explored in this field. By sharing my work, I aim to motivate more people to explore the potential of the tunnel method. Notably, the communication of its functionality to customers and its integration within the cultural context remain limited.
Cutting a box hedge with a sickle
Authors: Seiler Joakim
Published: September 2023

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has identified craft as an intangible cultural heritage in the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. The nature of this cultural heritage is that it must be practiced by living craftspeople to endure, and when it is performed by very few, it can be seen as endangered. This research, funded by the Carl-Göran Adelswärds Foundation, is a documentation of such a craft: cutting a box hedge with a sickle. At the same time, in this study, a master–apprentice situation was staged in order to safeguard this traditional craft and pass it on to new craftspeople. The core elements of this learning procedure are imitation and feedback. This specific craft is an ancient tradition with very few living practitioners. The garden in which this endangered craft is still practiced is Castello Ruspoli, created in 1611, when sickles where still used for cutting box hedge hedges. Thanks to the restoration and preservation by the current owners, it is one of the most well-preserved gardens from that time. One of the reasons this garden is so special is the way it is cared for by the gardener, Santino Garbuglia, using traditional craft methods that this film article will investigate and show. The author argues that some traditional gardening methods should be considered intangible cultural heritages and safeguarded as such.
Exploring the Sustainability of Huizhou Bamboo Carving in the Perspective of Heritage Craft
Authors: Zhang Maggie , De Bont Cees
Published: September 2023

Huizhou bamboo carving was produced in the Huizhou region of China and is one of the representative carvings of the Huizhou region. As an essential local intangible cultural heritage, the carving tech­niques, cultural connotations, and historical and artistic values of Huizhou bamboo carving have contributed to its own high craft research value. However, this local heritage craft is facing many problems, such as the difficulty of spreading skills, selling craft products, and separating products from market demand. Therefore, how help Huizhou bamboo carving to get out of these difficulties and develop sustainability is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Based on the perspective of her­itage craft, this study proposes ways of digital multi-dimensional transformation of Huizhou bam­boo carving products, collaborative and cooperative training of bamboo carving skills, and market inno­vation of bamboo carving products. Thus, this paper proposed some practical approaches for the su­stain­ability of Huizhou bamboo carving research.
Horsehair weaving for sievewrights
Authors: Ekstedt Bjersing Marie
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to discuss methods for reviving a craft – horsehair weaving – inspired by the concept of a moving searchlight approach and a forensic perspective. Isolated artefacts, tools, tools with ongoing processes and photographs, together with preserved documentation, have been analysed. Ongoing documentation on social media and a webpage were used during this process. Social media aimed to get people interested in the subject, test thoughts and maintain a dialogue. The webpage aimed to gather documentation demonstrating the horsehair weaving process and how the sievewright was made. The public documentation also aimed to inspire and engage other crafters. The public display of the ongoing project has been a positive learning experience. Different methods of documentation have different advantages.
From Craft to industry
Authors: Ladekarl Inger Marie , Harsaae Malene , Bang Anne Louise , Kramer Pedersen Lena , Bull Nielsen Tina Cecilie , Ege Amalie
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we discuss the potential of using traditional knowledge of natural dyes for more sustainable development processes in textile design. Our aim is to help foster a green transition through responsible consumption and production. We investigate the potential for implementing natural dye processes from craft to industrial processes to replace synthetic dyes. We adopt a systematic approach to dyeing and printing with food waste, including walnut shells, avocado skins and onion skins, specifically exploring colourfastness. We have observed that craft methods tend to be ‘forgotten’ due to the zeal for industry­alization and the standardizing of products to ensure quality requirements. From students and business partners, we experience requests for natural dyes; however, we are challenged to document colour­fastness. Knowledge and documentation are of high importance when we intend to convince industry to learn from traditional crafts. Through a systematic investigation testing traditional recipes and variations in dyed textiles, we experience how textiles perform. Through iterations based on the results, we continue with further experiments and simultaneously discuss whether both the consumer and the industry have to look at quality requirements from a conventional perspective. We argue that current expectations regarding colours and standards must change. Facing radical changes to the way we live, produce and use products, it is important to critically examine our approach to conventional industrial production. In our research, we built knowledge generation on cultural heritage and traditional craft. We argue how this becomes a societal asset influencing users’ behaviour and creates awareness towards sustainable changes in the design and use of textiles.
Craft knowledge and sustainability
Authors: Sjöberg Catarina , Löfgren Maria
Published: September 2023

Historical gardens and green cultural environments maintain and transmit parts of our biocultural heritage. The gardener's maintenance and cultivation work affects both the content and our experience of these environments. While modern management methods in many cases are necessary to fulfil requirements for the work environment and efficiency, we want to investigate the extent to which alternative/traditional working methods can contribute with other qualities and with solutions for more sustainable management. Garden and Landscape Crafts bachelor's programme students at the Department of Conservation are practicing a lost craft skill by participating in a comparative cultivation experiment to gain an understanding of historical methods and their relation to the present, as well as the future development and revitalisation of sustainable historical environments.
A nomogram model for predicting lower extremity deep vein thrombosis after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Yuping , Wang Renyu , Zu Shuiling , Lin Yanbin , Fu Ying , Lin Na , Fang Xiumei , Liu Chenyin
Published: September 2023

Objective

To investigate the risk factors associated with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) and to establish a predictive model for patients who undergo gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.

Methods

A review of clinical data was conducted on patients who underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgery between November 1, 2020, and January 31, 2022. Patients who developed LEDVT after surgery were included as the observation group, while the control group comprised patients who did not experience complications. Multivariate forward stepwise logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors associated with LEDVT. A nomogram model was then developed based on these risk factors.

Results

A total of 659 patients underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgery during the study period, and 52 (7.89%) of these patients developed postoperative LEDVT. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age (adjusted OR, 1.085; 95% CI [1.034–1.138]; P < 0.05), longer operation duration (adjusted OR, 1.014; 95% CI [1.009–1.020]; P < 0.05), shorter activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (adjusted OR, 0.749; 95% CI [0.635–0.884]; P < 0.05), higher D-dimer (adjusted OR, 4.929; 95% CI [2.369–10.255]; P < 0.05), higher Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) (adjusted OR, 1.007; 95% CI [1.001–1.012]; P < 0.05), and history of hypertension (adjusted OR, 3.732; 95% CI [1.405–9.915]; P < 0.05) were all independent risk factors for LEDVT in patients who underwent gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. A nomogram model was then created, which had an area under the curve of 0.927 (95% CI [0.893–0.961]; P < 0.05), a sensitivity of 96.1%, and a specificity of 79.5%.

Conclusions

A nomogram model that incorporates information on age, operation duration, APTT, D-dimer, history of hypertension, and HE4 could effectively predict the risk of LEDVT in patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery, potentially helping to prevent the development of this complication.
Evaluación de diferentes niveles de proteína y lípidos dietéticos en el crecimiento, la eficiencia alimenticia y los índices biométricos y hematológicos de juveniles de robalo blanco Centropomus viridis
Authors: Abdo-de la Parra María Isabel , Rodríguez-Ibarra Luz Estela , Ibarra-Castro Leonardo , Martínez-Brown Juan Manuel , Álvarez-González Carlos Alfonso , Peña Emyr , Velasco-Blanco Gabriela , Domínguez-Jiménez Patricia , Rodríguez-Montes de Oca Gustavo
Published: September 2023

Se llevó a cabo un experimento para evaluar el efecto de varios niveles de proteína y lípidos dietéticos en el rendimiento de juveniles de robalo blanco (Centropomus viridis). Se realizó un diseño factorial 4 × 2 con 4 niveles de proteína (40%, 46%, 52% y 58%) y 2 niveles de lípidos (10% y 13%), con 3 replicados por tratamiento. Los peces con un peso inicial de 14.80 ± 0.80 g se alimentaron a saciedad aparente 3 veces al día durante 6 semanas. El crecimiento de los juveniles no presentó diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos. La eficiencia alimenticia solo fue afectada por el nivel de proteína en la dieta, y la mejor tasa de eficiencia alimenticia se obtuvo con las dietas con 52% de proteína; el índice de eficiencia proteica fue significativamente menor con las dietas con 58% de proteína. El índice hepatosomático disminuyó al aumentar el contenido de proteína, y el índice de grasa peritoneal aumentó con el nivel de lípidos en la dieta. El factor de condición no fue afectado por el nivel de proteína o lípidos dietéticos. El hematocrito y la proteína total del plasma fueron significativamente mayores con las dietas con 40% de proteína; la glucosa y los triglicéridos en la sangre fueron afectados por ambos nutrientes. Se concluye que los juveniles de C. viridis pueden ser alimentados con dietas que contengan 40% de proteína y 10% de lípidos y una relación proteína/energía de 20.69 mg·kJ–1, bajo las condiciones experimentales de este estudio.
Economic Mapping of Small-Scale Fishers in Dadap Village, Juntinyuat District, Indramayu Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Nurezka Kartika
Published: September 2023

Small-scale fishers (SSF) are essential to providing employment and food security worldwide. This is especially true in coastal countries like Indonesia. However, despite being so important,  often the economic and social characteristics of SSF are not well documented. Thus, this research focused on the small-scale fishers of Dadap Village, which is located in the Juntinyuat District, Indramayu Regency, Indonesia. Specifically, through qualitative research methods and economic mapping, this study investigated various aspects of the fisher's characteristics, economic activities, and factors affecting their development. The research found that fishers were between 20-54 years with a relatively low level of education, and many relied on customers for social support due to high fishing supplies costs. The economic mapping of Dadap Village revealed that fishing activities dominated the local economy, with small scale fishers using various fishing gear and vessels, ranging from 2-4 Gross Tonnage to 5-10 Gross Tonnage (GT). The catches varied depending on the fishing gear used, and the income also differed based on the selling price of the catch and the duration of fishing trips. Several supporting factors for the development of small-scale fishers were identified, including the high production of catches and the presence of fish auction facilities. On the other hand, inhibiting factors included selling catches outside the auction place, low education levels, lack of technology usage, and consumptive behavior of fishermen. In conclusion, the study sheds light on the characteristics and economic activities of small-scale fishermen in Dadap Village. The findings highlight the need for support in terms of technology adoption and educational improvements to enhance the development of the fishing community. Additionally, better market access and reduced reliance on middlemen could positively impact the economic growth of small-scale fishers in the area.
The Cultivation of Scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Kurniawan Rizki , Iskandar  , Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Herman Roffi Grandiosa
Published: September 2023

Scallop culture is a widely practiced aquaculture activity in Japanese waters that involves collecting wild scallop spat and then growing the spat to a marketable size. This study aims to determine how the cultivation system, technology, and transportation are applied in scallop aquaculture in Japan. This research was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023 at a family scallop farming business in Ishikari, Hokkaido, Japan, hereafter referred to as Company X. This research utilizes a descriptive method with literature exploration and direct observation methods with a case study at Company X.Based on the literature study and activities at Company X, the cultivation media used and transportation are important parts of the scallop culture activities. The cultivation media used at Company X include onion mesh bags, Pearl nets, and lantern nets. The current transportation technology of scallops is carried out in two areas, namely sea, and land, using the open dry system transportation method, exposure method, and oxygen method. Marine transportation uses Hydraulic Cranes for Shipboard Use (Marine Cranes) technology applied to two specialized vessels of 9.7 and 12 GT with truck-mounted crane classification. Land transportation for the delivery of young scallops uses plastic container baskets covered with wet rice sacks to prevent dryness and the scallops inside the baskets from biting each other. After that, the scallops are transported by freezer truck, while land transportation for shipping adult scallops uses a freezer truck filled with oxygenated seawater. The size of the wind blowing at sea, the time of pickup - delivery, and the number of scallops needed are important factors in transportation activities.
Physicians’ Response on Haemophilia Care in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Shokunbi W. A. , Aworanti O. W. , Olatunji P. O. , Dairo M. D. , Fakunle E. S. , Ojo O. T. , Yuguda Saleh , Ibijola Leke , Iwara Kapona , Ajuba C. I. , Fehintola F. A.
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Haemophilia is a rare inherited bleeding disorder that affects predominantly male because it is an X chromosome linked disorder. The severity of the disease is determined by the percentage of Factors VIII and IX activity in the individuals with Haemophilia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the extent of haemophilia care in the southwestern part of Nigeria. This forms part of a nationwide survey in 2016, focusing especially on whether or not physicians in specific hospitals in the states in south west had ever managed a haemophiliac.

Methods: A self-administered questionnaire titled “Survey on Haemophilia Care in Nigeria” was developed for physicians in order to assess their experience on Haemophilia care in Nigeria. The responses from the Doctors were entered into SPSS (version 23) using the Data Dictionary (on survey of haemophilia) coded table prepared along with the questionnaire.

Results: The self-administered questionnaires were retrieved from 215 physicians in south west, Nigeria. Most of the respondents are from Oyo state, no respondent from both Osun and Ondo states. Also, about two-thirds of the respondents work in a teaching hospital, with majority having Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) as the highest qualification.

Conclusion: The care of haemophiliacs in the south western part of Nigeria needs to be standardized as the study showed that most physicians have no contact with Haemophiliacs.
Response of Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) Hybrids to Micro-nutrients under Protected Conditions
Authors: Kishor Braj , Rajiv  , Kumar Virendra , Verma Arun Kumar , Nirankar  , Goyal Ankit Kumar
Published: September 2023

The field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 2021-22 and 2022 at Vegetable Research Farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur to find out the response of capsicum hybrids to micronutrients under protected conditions. The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design (SPD) with 15 treatment combinations and replicated thrice. The experiment comprised three hybrids viz., Indira, Swarna and Bomby and five levels of micronutrients viz., control (no micronutrients application), soil application of Zn, Fe & B, fertigation of EDTA of Zn & Fe and solubor at 15 days interval, foliar application of vegetable special @ 5g/lit at 15 days interval and foliar application of chelated combo micronutrients @ 1g/lit at 15 days interval. Recommended package of practices for the crop were followed except treatments. Results of the experiment revealed that the hybrid Indira recorded significantly highest plant height (91.30 and 94.89 cm), number of branches (11.87 and 12.30), stem girth (4.31 and 4.60 cm), number of leaves (102.94 and 106.43), internode length (13.82 and 14.01 cm), number of flowers per plant (38.22 and 38.36), fruit set (55.10 and 55.44%), no. of fruits per plant (20.99 and 21.22), fruit weight per plant (3.69 and 3.74 kg) and fruit yield per 1000 m2 (70.36 and 71.35 q) while fruit length (11.45 and 11.71 cm), fruit diameter (10.54 and 10.66 cm), weight of placenta (18.51 and 18.71g) and average weight of fruit (193.31 and 195.90g) were significantly highest in Swarna. In case of micronutrients, foliar application of vegetable special @ 5g/at 15 day recorded significantly highest value of plant height (93.72 and 96.77cm), no. of branches (12.66 and 13.39), stem girth (4.75 and 5.12 cm), no. of leaves (105.52 and 108.68), internode length (14.75 and 15.04cm), no. of flowers per plant (41.34 and 41.95), fruit set (56.66 and 57.45%), no. fruits per plant (20.56 and 20.73), fruit length (11.85 and 12.07cm), fruit diameter (10.62 and 10.80cm), weight of placenta (18.31 and 18.46g), average fruit weight (189.03 and 191.33g), fruit weight per plant (4.12 and 4.17 kg) and fruit yield (78.64 & 79.60q/1000 m2). Hence, hybrid Indira and foliar application of vegetable special @ 5g/at 15 days may be recommended for higher productivity from capsicum crops under protected conditions.
Cytokinins along with Osmoprotectant Trehalose Overcome the Deleterious Effect of Drought Stress on Wheat
Authors: Kaur Aparjot , Thind S. K.
Published: September 2023

Experiment was conducted to evaluate, how the foliar application of trehalose (tre) along with kinetin (kn) and benzyl adenine (BA) affect the wheat genotypes (HD2967, PBW660 and WH1105) under drought stress conditions. Trehalose, Kn and BA tested in laboratory studies for their best concentrations, were applied in field grown wheat under drought. Presently, significant reduction was observed in leaf area, relative growth, Hill reaction and harvest index and sharp increase was recorded in concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidants constituents at both stages except reduced ascorbic acid content showed decline at flag leaf stage along with the upsurge in the activities of enzymatic antioxidants of wheat under drought as compared to control or irrigated ones. Foliar application of growth regulators altered activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants at both vegetative and flag leaf stage and helps in mitigation of negative impact of drought by regulation of Hill reaction, leaf area and growth rate of wheat that tends to maintain the final harvest of wheat crop.
Study of New Combination Fungicide Oxathiapiprolin 48 g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE against Downy Mildew of Grapes in India
Authors: Pharate Shital , Kabade Sumant , Saha Sujoy , Ghodki B. S.
Published: September 2023

Grapes suffer from various diseases and amongst them, downy mildew (c.o. Plasmopara viticola) causes global crop losses to the extent of 80-90%. Several fungicides are used to control these diseases, but the major risks involved in using fungicides are development of fungicide resistance as well as environmental pollution issues. This necessitates the evolution of new molecules with a unique mode of action. Oxathiapiprolin and amisulbrom are novel options with a unique mode of actions. A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of combination fungicide Oxathiapiprolin 48g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE against downy mildew during 2020-21 and 2021-22 at Sangli, Maharashtra. Total four foliar sprays (one preventive + three curative) were applied as soon as the disease appeared in experimental plots.

Oxathiapiprolin 48g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE @ 312.5 ml /ha and 375.00 ml /ha were at par with each other and recorded significantly lowest pooled percent Disease Index i.e. 19.11 and 19.25 respectively with corresponding percent disease control of 66.72 and 66.35 over untreated control (PDI of 36.15). In case of harvestable yield Oxathiapiprolin 48g + Amisulbrom 240 g/ L SE @ 312.5 ml /ha and 375.00 ml/ha showed the highest marketable yield of 26.49 and 25.80 t/ha respectively.
Status and Characterization of Slow Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) and Basal Wilt (Sclerotium rolfsii) Pathogens from Different Pepper Ecosystems of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Pavithra S. , Maruthasalam S. , Johnson I. , Mohanalakshmi M. , Varanavasiappan S.
Published: September 2023

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) is grown extensively across many parts of Tamil Nadu. Pepper production is greatly affected by the fungal wilt complex diseases. In this study, the major pepper growing regions of Tamil Nadu were surveyed for two wilt complex diseases viz., slow wilt and basal wilt and the pathogens responsible for slow wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) and basal wilt (Sclerotium rolfsii) were isolated. The morphological and molecular characterization of the pathogens was performed to confirm their identities. The DNA sequence alignment with other sequences from the NCBI GenBank® database and the BLAST results indicate 97-98%  similarity with reported F. oxysporum and S. rolfsii. The phylogenetic tree dendrograms were generated for both F. oxysporum and S. rolfsii using the MEGA 11 software and their relative similarities with known sequences were compared to identify the genetic linkage. Detailed investigations are necessary to get more knowledge on the epidemiology and economic importance of slow wilt and basal wilt diseases in black pepper.
Scleral Buckling: Where we are, Choice from World Over
Authors: Khaqan Hussain Ahmad , Rehman Hafiz Ateeq ur , Hassan Laraib , Zia Muhammad Usman , Fauzan Ahmad , Farooqui Hafiz Mubashir
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to summarize the latest reports on the management of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and to suggest management guidelines for choosing a surgical method in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Most rhegmatogenous retinal detachments led to full retinal detachment and vision loss in the affected eye prior to the period of scleral buckling (SB). Scleral buckling was developed in the 1950s, allowing surgeons to treat rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgically. The study gave questionnaire to 109 retinal surgeons from 18 different countries like Europe, America, and Asia etc. Surgical management of eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) depends on the location and extent of membranes. Pars plana vitrectomy is needed for eyes with posterior and extensive anterior epiretinal proliferations with or without subretinal strands to remove the contractile membranes and release the resultant retinal shortening.
Design of Digital Twin System for Harbor Cranes Based on Unity 3D
Authors: Yanjie Kang
Published: September 2023

Port container crane (shore bridge) is an important equipment for container loading and unloading in the port, and its working mechanism includes four parts: lifting mechanism, operating mechanism, operating system and equipment structure. In this paper, digital twin technology is integrated to realize the digital mapping of quay bridge operation, which is the basis for realizing predictive maintenance. As a link between the physical space and the digital space, the digital twin is based on a new generation of information technology, which can complete the mapping of the real space in the digital space, so as to reflect the whole life cycle process of the corresponding physical equipment, and can derive related other functions on this basis. Firstly, the bridge was constructed using 3D modeling software solid works, and the mapping and model format conversion were carried out using 3ds Max. Finally, the 3D model was imported into Unity and the port virtual environment was built. Combined with C#, the driving engine of the lifting mechanism and operating mechanism of the quayside bridge is developed, and the virtual and real synchronous operation of the quayside bridge is finally realized.
Combined effect of carvacrol and high hydrostatic pressure on quality attributes of chicken meat during refrigerated conditions
Authors: Hussein Khabat Noori , Meena Bashdar I. , Ahmed Hiwa M. , Csurka Tamás , Varga-Tóth Adrienn , Hidas Karina , Gábor Jónás , Friedrich László , Dalmadi István , Németh Csaba
Published: September 2023

The application of hurdle approach using high hydrostatic processing (HHP) with bioactive compounds (BACs) to preserve meat quality is promising due to safety, improved well-being, and easier acceptance by customers compared to the use of synthetic preservatives. This study was designed to investigate the influence of natural phenolic BAC carvacrol (CARV) at 500 and 1000 ppm combined with HHP(300 and 600MPa) on the quality attributes of chicken meat after being vacuum-sealed and kept at 4 ± 0.5 °C for 28 days. The HHP showed a significantly higher pH rate (P<0.05), increased L* and b* value, decreased a* values, and reduction in water holding capacity (WHC) compared to unpressurized control meat with/without CARV. Reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) indexes was perceived in meat supplemented with CARV, and low level of HHP (300 HHP) whereas significantly increased lipid oxidation was witnessed with HHP 600 MPa. At day 28, an increase in aerobic mesophilic counts (AMCs) was observed in all meat samples. However, reductions of about 0.6, 0.8, and 1.1 log in AMCs were seen in meat treated with 600HHP-No CARV, HHP300-CARV 500 ppm, and 600HHP-CARV 1000 ppm, respectively. Furthermore, despite the overlapping aroma pattern between meat containing CARV and control groups, the electronic nose was able to discriminate control from samples subjected to HHP. The current results demonstrate that the addition of CARV improved the conservation effects of HHP with less oxidative deterioration of fresh chicken meat during chilling storage.
Keywords: Bioactive compounds; High hydrostatic processing; Chicken meat; Lipid oxidation; Microbiological properties
Fungal inhibition by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is modulated in vitro by cocoa fermentation-related conditions: towards a biocontrol of fungi in processing cocoa
Authors: Ouattara Honoré , Yao Wilfried , Ouattara Hadja , Germain Karou , Sebastien Niamke
Published: September 2023

Fungal growth impair strongly the quality of processed cocoa, leading to low crops value for farmers and manufacturers. The antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from fermenting cocoa was analyzed and the conditions of fungal inhibition were evaluated. Fungi were isolated from stored fermented and dried cocoa beans on sabouraud plate medium. The results showed that, LAB strongly inhibit fungi isolated from fermented cocoa beans notably Mucors and Aspergilli, with Lactobacillus plantarum inducing the stronger inhibition whereas Leuconostoc mesenteroides produced a weaker inhibition. Acids production assayed by HPLC was found to be not related to antifungal activity, since LAB strains producing strong antifungal activity were not necessarly the best acid producers. Maximum fungal inhibition occured at 35 °C in Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides but also at 30 °C in Lactobacllus casei. Likewise, a narrow acidic pH range (3.0-4.0) allowed full expression of fungal inhibtion in LAB analyzed that decreased progressively toward pH 7.0 and failed at alkalin pH. However, sucrose even at high content (8%) was found to have no effect on antifungal activity of LAB, but its bioconversion product glucose and fructose decreased this activity when concentrations were set at 6 et 2 %, respectively. All together, the results suggest that, LAB may effectively exert fungal inhibition in a narrow timing of cocoa fermentation, with pulp contained sugars as metabolic regulators of this inhibition. These results may contribute to a better management of LAB as starter culture for an efficient inhibition of fungal growth and prevention of cocoa contamination from mycotoxins.

Key Words : Antifungal activity ; lactic acid bacteria ; cocoa fermentation ; inhibition variation; pH and temperature ; sugars content.
Nutritionally improved pasta with Arthrospira platensis: effect of cooking on antioxidant capacity and pigments content
Authors: Aldo. Iván García-Moncayo, , Erika. Sireni Rodríguez-Martínez, , Emilio Ochoa-Reyes, , Hilda. Karina Sáenz-Hidalgo, , Roberto Sepúlveda, David. , José. Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa, , Monica Alvarado-González,
Published: September 2023

The functionalizing of staple and economic foods, which means adding health-promoting substances, has been visualized as a solution to reduce the concerning increase in diet-related diseases caused by bad-eating patterns. Microalgae represent an innovative way to solve this problem. Arthrospira platensis, microalgae nutritionally rich in bioactive compounds, has been used to develop hard wheat pasta (semolina) to improve its nutritional value and provide antioxidant properties, but there is scarce information about the effect of adding A. platensis in a soft wheat pasta with egg on these parameters. Given that, this work aimed to assess the effect of adding A. platensis at 1, 5, and 10% in a soft wheat pasta added with egg on the nutritional value. Besides, the total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (by FRAP and ABTS), and the spectrophotometric estimation of chlorophylls a + b as well as total carotenoids content were determined after and before cooking. The results showed that adding A. platensis at 5% was enough to increase raw pasta's nutritional value, especially protein by 19.27%, TPC by 3.88%, antioxidant capacity by 48.54%, and 66.09% for ABTS and FRAP respectively, as well as chlorophyll a + b (5.89 mg/100g) and total carotenoids (1.31 mg/100g). After the cooking process losses of 7.40, 16.81 and 0.51% were evidenced for TPC, ABTS and FRAP assays, however, remained 10.63, 62.37 and 70.65% higher than the cooked control. Furthermore, increases of 92.19 and 54.96% for chlorophyll a+b and total carotenoids were evidenced. The addition of A. platensis to pasta represents a way to improve the nutritional value regarding protein content, increase antioxidant capacity, and the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, without statistically significant modifications in the caloric content.

Keywords: Antioxidant, Arthrospira platensis, Carotenoids, Chlorophylls, Functional Food, Pasta.
The selection of intra-inter specific Cucurbita rootstocks for grafted melon seedlings
Authors: KANDEMİR Dilek
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted to select promising Turkish local Cucurbita rootstocks among intraspecific and interspecific hybrids for grafted melon seedling based on hybrid success rate, hypocotyl traits and graft compatibility. Rooting potentials, root system architecture and plant growth parameters of the rootstocks grafted with melon were also evaluated. Two lines of C. maxima (male parent) and eleven lines of C. moschata (female parent) at S5 generation were used. In addition, six winter squash lines were used as male parent and six pumpkin lines were used as female parent in intraspecific hybridization program. Intraspecific hybrid combinations had quite high number of seeds per fruit as compared to interspecific hybrid combinations. The highest number of seeds per fruit was obtained from HMO2 × OMO2 (359) and OMO5 × HMO8 (314) hybrid combinations. Hypocotyl lengths of all hybrid cucurbit rootstock combinations ranged from 32.96 mm (RS17) to 73.35 mm (RS8) and hypocotyl thicknesses ranged from 2.71 mm (RS2) to 3.55 mm (RS8). Graft success rates varied between 96.6 – 100% in winter squash and pumpkin intraspecific hybrids and between 87.1 – 100% in interspecific hybrids. Significant differences were seen in root architecture parameters (root length, root volume, mean root diameter, root surface area and root dry matter weight) of intraspecific and interspecies hybrid Cucurbita lines. The findings of the study indicated that the intraspecific and interspecific local cucurbit rootstock candidates developed within the rootstock breeding program showed promise as viable options for commercial use as rootstocks for grafted melon seedlings. Research about the effects of selected intraspecific and interspecific hybrid Cucurbita rootstock candidates on earliness, fruit quality and yield parameters of grafted melon will continue.

Keywords: Cucurbita maxima; Cucurbita moschata; Rootstock breeding; Root system architecture; Melon
Revolução na América Latina nos anos 1980: estratégia e táticas
Authors: Marini Ruy Mauro , Salles Pietro
Published: September 2023

O artigo em questão traduz do inglês para o português uma transcrição de fala de Ruy Mauro Marini durante uma conferência em Ontario Institute for Studies in Education. Trata-se de uma exposição sobre o processo revolucionário na América Latina e algumas perspectivas a respeito que Ruy Mauro Marini nos trouxe em sua época, contrapondo reformismo e revolução. Marini também traz perspectivas sobre os movimentos sociais presentes nos anos 1980, com destaque para os processos revolucionários na América Central. Ao fim, o sociólogo mineiro responde algumas perguntas da plateia sobre o futuro do socialismo latino-americano.
Canadian Wildfire Smoke and Asthma Syndrome Emergency Department Visits in New York City
Authors: Chen Kai , Ma Yiqun , Bell Michelle L. , Yang Wan
Published: September 2023

This study examines the association between the Canadian wildfires that occurred in summer 2023 with emergency department visits for asthma symptoms in New York City.
Nirmatrelvir or Molnupiravir Use and Severe Outcomes From Omicron Infections
Authors: Lin Dan-Yu , Abi Fadel Francois , Huang Shuaiqi , Milinovich Alex T. , Sacha Gretchen L. , Bartley Patricia , Duggal Abhijit , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: September 2023

Importance

Ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir and molnupiravir are currently used in the US and in other countries to treat nonhospitalized patients who have mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and who are at high risk for progression to severe disease. The associations of these 2 oral antiviral drugs with hospitalization and death resulting from infection with new SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, particularly BQ.1.1 and XBB.1.5, are unknown.

Objective

To assess the association of nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir use with the risks of hospitalization and death among patients infected with new Omicron subvariants.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a cohort study of patients who received a diagnosis of COVID-19 at Cleveland Clinic from April 1, 2022, to February 20, 2023 (during which the Omicron variant evolved from BA.2 to BA.4/BA.5, then to BQ.1/BQ.1.1, and finally to XBB/XBB.1.5) and who were at high risk of progressing to severe disease, with follow-up through 90 days after diagnosis. The final date for follow-up data collection was February 27, 2023.

Exposures

Treatment with ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was time to death. The secondary outcome was time to either hospitalization or death. The association of either nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir use with each outcome was measured by the hazard ratio (HR) adjusted for demographic factors, socioeconomic status, date of COVID-19 diagnosis, coexisting medical conditions, COVID-19 vaccination status, and previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results

There were 68 867 patients (29 386 [42.7%] aged ≥65 years; 26 755 [38.9%] male patients; 51 452 [74.7%] non-Hispanic White patients). Thirty of 22 594 patients treated with nirmatrelvir, 27 of 5311 patients treated with molnupiravir, and 588 of 40 962 patients who received no treatment died within 90 days of Omicron infection. The adjusted HRs of death were 0.16 (95% CI, 0.11-0.23) for nirmatrelvir and 0.23 (95% CI, 0.16-0.34) for molnupiravir. The adjusted HRs of hospitalization or death were 0.63 (95% CI, 0.59-0.68) for nirmatrelvir and 0.59 (95% CI, 0.53-0.66) for molnupiravir. The associations of both drugs with both outcomes were observed across subgroups defined by age, race and ethnicity, date of COVID-19 diagnosis, vaccination status, previous infection status, and coexisting conditions.

Conclusions and Relevance

These findings suggest that the use of either nirmatrelvir or molnupiravir is associated with reductions in mortality and hospitalization in patients infected with Omicron, regardless of age, race and ethnicity, virus strain, vaccination status, previous infection status, or coexisting conditions. Both drugs can, therefore, be used to treat nonhospitalized patients who are at high risk of progressing to severe COVID-19.
Choroidal Detachment After Intravitreal Injection of Faricimab
Authors: Schönbach Etienne M. , Freeman William R.
Published: September 2023

This case report discusses a diagnosis of choroidal detachment and suprachoroidal hemorrhage in a patient aged 70 years after an uneventful intravitreal injection of faricimab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis After Dengue Fever and Its Ocular Features
Authors: Patil Aditya , Mahendradas Padmamalini , Shetty Rohit
Published: September 2023

This case report discusses a diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a man aged 40 years with a history of dengue fever.
A Congenital Tongue Mass
Authors: Kennedy Kenneth L. , Steele Jasmine , Cunningham Michael J.
Published: September 2023

A 13-month-old male presents with a firm left anterior tongue mass noted since birth that has increased proportionally with the child’s growth. What is your diagnosis?
Exosomes secreted by ST3GAL5high cancer cells promote peritoneal dissemination by establishing a premetastatic microenvironment
Authors: Horie Misato , Takagane Kurara , Itoh Go , Kuriyama Sei , Yanagihara Kazuyoshi , Yashiro Masakazu , Umakoshi Michinobu , Goto Akiteru , Arita Junichi , Tanaka Masamitsu
Published: September 2023

Peritoneal dissemination of cancer affects patient survival. The behavior of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) and immune cells influences the establishment of a microenvironment that promotes cancer cell metastasis in the peritoneum. Here, we investigated the roles of lactosylceramide alpha‐2,3‐sialyltransferase (ST3G5; also known as ST3GAL5 and GM3 synthase) in the exosome‐mediated premetastatic niche in peritoneal milky spots (MSs). Exosomes secreted from ST3G5high cancer cells (ST3G5high‐cExos) were found to contain high levels of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha (HIF1α) and accumulated in MSs via uptake in macrophages (MΦs) owing to increased expression of sialic acid‐binding Ig‐like lectin 1 (CD169; also known as SIGLEC1). ST3G5high‐cExos induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines and glucose metabolic changes in MΦs, and the interaction of these MΦs with PMCs promoted mesothelial–mesenchymal transition (MMT) in PMCs, thereby generating αSMA+ myofibroblasts. ST3G5high‐cExos also increased the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and T‐cell exhaustion in MSs, which accelerated metastasis to the omentum. These events were prevented following ST3G5 depletion in cancer cells. Mechanistically, ST3G5high‐cExos upregulated chemokines, including CC‐chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), in recipient MΦs and dendritic cells (DCs), which induced MMT and immunosuppression via activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Maraviroc, a C‐C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonist, prevented ST3G5high‐cExo‐mediated MMT, T‐cell suppression, and metastasis in MSs. Our results suggest ST3G5 as a suitable therapeutic target for preventing cExo‐mediated peritoneal dissemination.
TAZ facilitates breast tumor growth by promoting an immune‐suppressive tumor microenvironment
Authors: Gershoni Anat , Hassin Ori , Nataraj Nishanth Belugali , Baruch Sivan , Avioz‐Seligman Adi , Pirona Anna Chiara , Fellus‐Alyagor Liat , Meir Salame Tomer , Mukherjee Saptaparna , Mallel Giuseppe , Yarden Yosef , Aylon Yael , Oren Moshe
Published: September 2023

The core Hippo pathway module consists of a tumour‐suppressive kinase cascade that inhibits the transcriptional coactivators Yes‐associated protein (YAP) and WW domain‐containing transcription regulator protein 1 (WWTR1; also known as TAZ). When the Hippo pathway is downregulated, as often occurs in breast cancer, YAP/TAZ activity is induced. To elaborate the roles of TAZ in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), we depleted Taz in murine TNBC 4T1 cells, using either CRISPR/Cas9 or small hairpin RNA (shRNA). TAZ‐depleted cells and their controls, harbouring wild‐type levels of TAZ, were orthotopically injected into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic BALB/c female mice, and mice were monitored for tumour growth. TAZ depletion resulted in smaller tumours compared to the tumours generated by control cells, in line with the notion that TAZ functions as an oncogene in breast cancer. Tumours, as well as their corresponding in vitro cultured cells, were then subjected to gene expression profiling by RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq). Interestingly, pathway analysis of the RNA‐seq data indicated a TAZ‐dependent enrichment of ‘Inflammatory Response’, a pathway correlated with TAZ expression levels also in human breast cancer tumours. Specifically, the RNA‐seq analysis predicted a significant depletion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in TAZ‐deficient tumours, which was experimentally validated by the staining of tumour sections and by quantitative cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF). Strikingly, the differences in tumour size were completely abolished in immune‐deficient mice, demonstrating that the immune‐modulatory capacity of TAZ is critical for its oncogenic activity in this setting. Cytokine array analysis of conditioned medium from cultured cells revealed that TAZ increased the abundance of a small group of cytokines, including plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (Serpin E1; also known as PAI‐1), CCN family member 4 (CCN4; also known as WISP‐1) and interleukin‐23 (IL‐23), suggesting a potential mechanistic explanation for its in vivo immunomodulatory effect. Together, our results imply that TAZ functions in a non‐cell‐autonomous manner to modify the tumour immune microenvironment and dampen the anti‐tumour immune response, thereby facilitating tumour growth.
UbiN, a novel Rhodobacter capsulatus decarboxylative hydroxylase involved in aerobic ubiquinone biosynthesis
Authors: Nagatani Haruka , Mae Yoshiyuki , Konishi Miharu , Matsuzaki Motomichi , Kita Kiyoshi , Daldal Fevzi , Sakamoto Kimitoshi
Published: September 2023

Ubiquinone (UQ) is a lipophilic electron carrier that functions in the respiratory and photosynthetic electron transfer chains of proteobacteria and eukaryotes. Bacterial UQ biosynthesis is well studied in the gammaproteobacterium Escherichia coli, in which most bacterial UQ‐biosynthetic enzymes have been identified. However, these enzymes are not always conserved among UQ‐containing bacteria. In particular, the alphaproteobacterial UQ biosynthesis pathways contain many uncharacterized steps with unknown features. In this work, we identified in the alphaproteobacterium Rhodobacter capsulatus a new decarboxylative hydroxylase and named it UbiN. Remarkably, the UbiN sequence is more similar to a salicylate hydroxylase than the conventional flavin‐containing UQ‐biosynthetic monooxygenases. Under aerobic conditions, R. capsulatus ΔubiN mutant cells accumulate 3‐decaprenylphenol, which is a UQ‐biosynthetic intermediate. In addition, 3‐decaprenyl‐4‐hydroxybenzoic acid, which is the substrate of UQ‐biosynthetic decarboxylase UbiD, also accumulates in ΔubiN cells under aerobic conditions. Considering that the R. capsulatus ΔubiD‐X double mutant strain (UbiX produces a prenylated FMN required for UbiD) grows as a wild‐type strain under aerobic conditions, these results indicate that UbiN catalyzes the aerobic decarboxylative hydroxylation of 3‐decaprenyl‐4‐hydroxybenzoic acid. This is the first example of the involvement of decarboxylative hydroxylation in ubiquinone biosynthesis. This finding suggests that the C1 hydroxylation reaction is, at least in R. capsulatus, the first step among the three hydroxylation steps involved in UQ biosynthesis. Although the C5 hydroxylation reaction is often considered to be the first hydroxylation step in bacterial UQ biosynthesis, it appears that the R. capsulatus pathway is more similar to that found in mammalians.