bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing overfishing: Moving beyond Malthus for effective and equitable solutions
Authors: Finkbeiner Elena M , Bennett Nathan , Frawley Timothy H , Mason Julia G , Briscoe Dana K , Brooks Cassandra M , Ng Crystal , Ourens Rosana , Seto Katherine , Swanson Shannon Switzer , Urteaga Jose , Crowder Larry B.
Published: August 2018

Inaccurate or incomplete diagnosis of the root causes of overfishing can lead to misguided and ineffective fisheries policies and programmes. The “Malthusian overfishing narrative” suggests that overfishing is driven by too many fishers chasing too few fish and that fishing effort grows proportionately to human population growth, requiring policy interventions that reduce fisher access, the number of fishers, or the human population. By neglecting other drivers of overfishing that may be more directly related to fishing pressure and provide more tangible policy levers for achieving fisheries sustainability, Malthusian overfishing relegates blame to regions of the world with high population growth rates, while consumers, corporations and political systems responsible for these other mediating drivers remain unexamined. While social–ecological systems literature has provided alternatives to the Malthusian paradigm, its focus on institutions and organized social units often fails to address fundamental issues of power and politics that have inhibited the design and implementation of effective fisheries policy. Here, we apply a political ecology lens to unpack Malthusian overfishing and, relying upon insights derived from the social sciences, reconstruct the narrative incorporating four exemplar mediating drivers: technology and innovation, resource demand and distribution, marginalization and equity, and governance and management. We argue that a more nuanced understanding of such factors will lead to effective and equitable fisheries policies and programmes, by identifying a suite of policy levers designed to address the root causes of overfishing in diverse contexts.
Crustaceans in cold seep ecosystems: fossil record, geographic distribution, taxonomic composition, and biology
Authors: Klompmaker Adiël A. , Nyborg Torrey , Brezina Jamie , Ando Yusuke
Published: August 2018

Crustaceans including decapods, copepods, amphipods, cumaceans, tanaidaceans, ostracods, and isopods are major components of modern marine methane seeps, where they play a key role in structuring these hotspots of diversity in relatively deep waters. There is every reason to suspect they were common too in ancient seeps, but relatively few studies have focused on crustaceans from fossil seep deposits thus far. We hypothesize that crustaceans can be commonly found in Meso-Cenozoic seeps when many of the aforementioned groups were present and/or radiated. To this end, we review the global fossil record of crustaceans in seeps for the first time using the primary literature and newly collected specimens from the Late Cretaceous of South Dakota, USA. We find that seep crustaceans are much more common than previously known, are found on each continent, and occur more frequently starting in the Jurassic. Decapod crustaceans are represented by body fossils and traces (coprolites, repair scars in mollusks, and burrows), whereas only body fossils of ostracods and barnacles are known. Other groups are lacking. While modern seep decapods are dominated by galatheoid squat lobsters, alvinocaridid shrimps, king crabs, and true crabs, the fossil record is consisting primarily of callianassid ghost shrimps and true crabs thus far. Preservation and recognition are likely to have influenced this discrepancy. Finally, the relatively unexplored fossil record of seep crustaceans provides many opportunities for systematic and paleoecological research.
The Science of Culture? Social Computing, Digital Humanities and Cultural Analytics
Authors: Manovich Lev
Published: August 2018

I developed the concept of cultural analytics in 2005 to refer to "the analysis of massive cultural datasets and flows using computational and visualization techniques." In 2007 we established a research lab (Software Studies Initiative, softwarestudies.com) to start working on practical projects. The following are the examples of theoretical and practical questions that are driving our research:What does it mean to represent "culture" by "data"? What are the unique possibilities offered by computational analysis of large cultural data in contrast to qualitative methods used in humanities and social science? How can we use quantitative techniques to study the key cultural form of our era — interactive media? How can we combine computational analysis and visualization of large cultural data with qualitative methods, including "close reading"? (In other words, how does one combine analysis of larger patterns with the analysis of individual artifacts and their details?) How can computational analysis do justice to variability and diversity of cultural artifacts and processes, rather than focusing on the "typical" and "most popular"?Eight years later, the work of our lab has become only a tiny portion of a very large body of research. Thousands of researchers have already published tens of thousands of papers analyzing patterns in massive cultural datasets. First, there are data describing the activity on the most popular social networks (Flickr, Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, etc.), user-created content shared on these networks (tweets, images, video, etc.), and also users' interactions with this content (likes, favorites, reports, comments). Second, researchers have also started to analyze particular professional cultural areas and historical periods, such as website design, fashion photography, twentieth-century popular music, nineteenth-century literature, etc. This work is carried out in two newly developed fields — social computing and digital humanities.
Criminal Records and College Admissions: A Modified Experimental Audit
Authors: Stewart Robert , Uggen Christopher
Published: August 2018

This article considers the effect of criminal records on college admissions. Most colleges require criminal history information on their applications, suggesting that an applicant’s criminal history could be a significant impediment to accessing the benefits of higher education. We conducted a modified experimental audit to learn whether criminal records affect admissions decisions. Matched same-race pairs of tester applications were sent to a national sample of non-elite four-year colleges, with both testers applying as either Black or White. Within each pair, one application signaled a prior low-level felony conviction when required by the application. Consistent with research on employment, the rejection rate for applicants with felonies was 2½ times the rate of our control testers. But unlike the large racial differences observed in employment, we find smaller racial differences in admissions decisions. Nevertheless, Black applicants with criminal records who disclosed their records were particularly penalized at colleges with high campus crime rates. We address implications for reentry, racial progress, and the college “Ban the Box” movement. We suggest colleges consider narrowing the scope of such inquiries or removing the question altogether – particularly when it conflicts with the goals of these institutions, including reducing the underrepresentation of students of color.
Racist Sex without Racists: The Pleasure of Race and White Control Over the Terms of Sexual Racial Liberation
Authors: Orne Jason
Published: August 2018

Can people find pleasure in race, or is any mention or description of race erotically itself racist? Using the framework of sexual racism, in this essay, I contend that people do find pleasure in race and to propose a colorblind alternative to sexual racism is inappropriate. I consider the kink of race play as a site where it is clear pleasure exists for some. To delineate ethical and unethical pleasures of race, and the possibility for a non-colorblind approach, I look at experiences of racial beauty experienced by people of color themselves. This essay was delivered at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association to the invited conference thematic panel Feeling Race: Solidarity, Affinity, and Belonging. Originally titled in the program: “The Pleasures of Race: Racism and Connection in Sexy Communities.”
A Reflection on the Artists and Academics Exhibition
Authors: Tsukamoto Eri , Tsukamoto Eri
Published: August 2018

On 26 November 2016, the Artists and Academics Exhibition was held at Fargo Village in Coventry. The Exhibition was a collaborative project between seventeen PhD researchers from the University of Warwick and seventeen local artists, in which each artist created a piece inspired by a research idea. The Exhibition fostered active conversation between artists, academics and the general public, thereby encouraging all participants to talk about academic works in an informal setting and to explore new ideas and perspectives. Collaborative projects like the Exhibition thus benefit all who participate, and wider participation should be encouraged. Negative perceptions of public engagement may be changed through such an active participation.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN KOORPORASI PT BANK BNI, TBK, DALAM KREDIT MACET BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 20 TAHUN 2001 TENTANG KOORPORASI
Authors: Kusumawhardani Fitria
Published: August 2018

Dalam artikel ini membahas kasus yang akan digunakan sebagai bahan studi dalam artikel ini kasus Kinerja kredit PT BANK NEGARA INDONESIA Tbk (BNI) yang kinclong pada 2016 harus diimbangi dengan peningkatan rasio bermasalah (Non Performing Loan/NPL) sepanjang tahun lalu. Tercatat, sepanjang 2016 angka NPL gross perseroan merangkak naik menjadi 3 persen dari posisi 2015 yang hanya sebesar 2,7 persen. Direktur Business Banking BNI Putrama Wahju Setiawan mengatakan, peningkatan kredit macet tersebut diakibatkan oleh macetnya pembayaran kredit yang dilakukan oleh dua debitur segmen korporasi yang memiliki jumlah utang cukup besar. Kedua perusahaan tersebut adalah PT Trikomsel Oke Tbk dan PT Pan Maritime. Dalam pembahasan tentang pertanggungjawaban koorporasi dalam tindak pidana koorporasi Undang - Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Tindak Pidana Koorporasi, yang akan membahas mengenai pertanggung jawaban susunan koorporasi dalam kasus Bank BNI.
URGENSI PERLINDUNGAN BAGI KORBANKEKERASAN SEKSUAL DALAM SISTEM PERADILAN PIDANA TERPADU BERKEADILAN GENDER
Authors: Rahmi Atikah
Published: August 2018

Masalah kekerasan seksual merupakan bentuk kejahatan yang melecehkan dan menodai harkat kemanusiaan, serta patut dikategorikan sebagai jenis kejahatan luar biasa (extra ordinary crime), oleh karenanya penanganannya harus luas biasa juga. Upaya untuk menghentikan kekerasan merupakan hal penting, karena kekerasan telah menimbulkan berbagai luka pada korban. Trauma yang berkepanjangan dialami oleh korban, perasaan malu, ketakutan, sehingga mengakibatkan korban terkadang sulit untuk mengungkapkan kembali kekerasan yang pernah dialaminya.Dalam penangangannya, tidak sedikit kasus kekerasan terhadap anak dan perempuan yang mengambang tanpa solusi hukum yang jelas. Sistem Peradilan Pidana Terpadu (SPPT) merupakan salah satu terobosan untuk mengubah sistem hukum yang tidak berperspektif gender menjadi berperspektif gender.Sistem tersebut diharapkan mampu merespon situasi yang senantiasa dialami oleh perempuan korban kekerasan seksual yang berbasis gender.
PENGUJIAN KEPUTUSAN OLEH PENGADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA TERHADAP DISKRESI YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH PEJABAT PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Tobrani Rahmad
Published: August 2018

Berdasarkan Pasal 1 angka 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan, diskresi adalah keputusan dan/atau tindakan yang ditetapkan dan/atau dilakukan oleh Pejabat Pemerintahan untuk mengatasi persoalan konkret yang dihadapi dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dalam hal peraturan perundang-undangan yang memberikan pilihan, tidak mengatur, tidak lengkap atau tidak jelas, dan/atau adanya stagnasi pemerintahan. Dasar diterbitkannya keputusan diskresi adalah adanya “keadaan mendesak”, dan pengujian terhadap keputusan diskresi oleh Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dilakukan tidak dengan menggunakan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, melainkan dengan asas-asas umum pemerintahan yang baik (AAUPB) kemudian, produk hukum dari badan/pejabat pemerintahan yang dapat dijadikan objek segketa dan diuji pada pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara berupa keputusan (beschikking), sedangkan dokumen-dokumen yang mengandung materi pengaturan yang bersifat umum berupa peraturan (regeling) tidak dapat dijadikan objek sengketa dan tidak dapat diuji di pengadilan tata usaha negara.
RESULTS OF ALFALFA BREEDING ON PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Ignatiev S. A. , Gryazeva T. V.
Published: August 2018

The main parameter of the breeding work with alfalfa in the ARC “Donskoy” is the improvement of fodder and seed productivity. Through the years the breeding work was carried out with 500–860 collection samples of alfalfa, alfalfa hybrids and alfalfa lines of the local origin. The main method of the breeding work was poly-crossing. It’s characterized with a multiple repetition of selections of the best plants from the populations, their self-pollination and crossing by free pollination in the plots of poly-crossing. It resulted in accumulation and concentration of favourable traits in the population. The selection promoted systematic improvement of synthetic populations according to economic-valuable traits, especially fodder and seed productivity. During the research, productivity of green mass of the standard variety ‘Rostovskaya 90’ was 28.2 t/ha in the first cutting and 19.0 t/ha in the second one on average. The varieties ‘Lyutsiya’ and ‘Selaynka’ produced 30.6 t/ha, 19.8 t/ha and 32.1 t/ha, 20.4 t/ha respectively. The sum of the harvested green mass of the standard variety was 47.2 t/ha, while ‘Lyutsiya’ produced 50.5 t/ha and ‘Selaynka’ 53.1 t/ha, that is on 7.0% and 12.5% larger than the standard. The similar result was obtained in productivity of dry matter. The total quantity of dry matter produced by the standard variety was 11.6 t/ha (two cuttings), the varieties ‘Lyutsiya’ and ‘Selaynka’ gave 12.6 t/ha and 12.8 t/ha that is on 8.6% and 10.3% more than the standard. The estimation of the breeding work with alfalfa in the preliminary and competitive variety testing allowed to identify the new alfalfa variety ‘Golubka’ and to send it to the State Variety Testing. In the competitive variety testing (2012–2016) the variety produced larger yields that the standard variety (productivity of all five 1-st cutting). With its average productivity of green mass (31.9 t/ha) it exceeded the standard on 13.1%. In the 2-d cutting its green mass productivity was 20.9 t/ha that is on 10.9% more that the standard.  With the average productivity of green mass the variety ‘Golubka’ produced 8.0 t/ha in the 1-st cutting and 4.9 t/ha in the 2-d, that is on 12.7% and 8.9% lager that that of the standard.  The variety ‘Golubka’ produced 52.8 t/ha green mass for two cuttings and 12.8 t/ha dry matter that is on 11.9% and 10.3% larger than the standard variety ‘Rostovskaya 90’. Seed productivity of the standard variety was 0.23 t/ha on average, the varieties ‘Lyutsiya’ and ‘Selaynka’ gave 0.25 t/ha, the new variety ‘Golubka’ produced 0.29 t/ha, that is on 8.7 and on 26.1% more than the standard.
ACTUALITY OF THE USE OF SOLID DOMESTIC WASTES, AS ENERGY RESOURCES
Authors: Lisyuk V.M. , Wolczkow O.Ye.
Published: August 2018

In connection with the aggravation of the problem of accumulation of solid domestic wastes in Ukraine, the question arises of their utilization. In accordance with Article 32 of the Law of Ukraine "On Waste", from January 1, 2018, a ban on the dumping of untreated and unsorted garbage comes into force, which creates a challenge for local authorities. By analyzing the database of Ukrainian patents for inventions for processing solid waste, it can be noted that there are many technologies for their utilization, processing and obtaining valuable waste with associated generation of energy in the form of synthesis gas or liquid fuel. However, most of them suffer from a number of disadvantages, the main ones - high cost, the complexity of technologies and the presence of residual waste.
The use of solid household wastes as energy resources can solve several issues at once. CHP plants using solid fuels as energy resources can provide heat and electricity to large areas of the country, solving several problems at once: reduce the energy dependence of Ukraine, and especially of individual regions of the country; reduce the cost of producing electricity and heat, which will reduce tariffs for the population; solving the issue of waste management, which will reduce environmental pollution. Therefore, the issue requires detailed consideration and resolution in the coming terms. The term of the ban on the disposal of unprocessed solid waste, stipulated by the Law, will come into force already in 2018, so the time to resolve this issue remains less.
STRESS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES RECOMMENDED FOR STUDENTS
Authors:   PhD Abai KazNPU in Almaty, Kazakhstan. E-mail: zhaina.kassym@gmail.com, Kassymova Gulzhaina
Published: August 2018

This article deals with the brain-based education which includes problem solving materials and type of yoga exercises for students as well as for teachers. Stress is a survival programme and has some negative effects on learning. The focus in the context is based on different stress management techniques. To cope with stress there are recommended some types of yoga exercises. An intensive focus should be put on physical exercise: it contains positive impacts not only on health, but also on cognitive learning.
Deparation of dump slags at the Balkhash copper smelting plant
Authors:   “Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” JSC, Kenzhaliyev B.K. ,   Satbayev University, Kvyatkovsky S.A. ,   “Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” JSC; Satbayev University, Kozhakhmetov S.M. ,   “Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” JSC, Sokolovskaya L.V. ,   “Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” JSC, Semenova A.S. ,   “Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation” JSC
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this work is to determine the regularities of reducing the losses of valuable metals with waste slag of copper smelting in the conditions of the Balkhash copper smelter. The change in the raw material base, the introduction of low-quality copper concentrates in the Balkhash copper smelter (BCS) on the VF-1 and VF-2 (Vanyukov furnaces), are accompanied by the production of waste slag containing increased copper content, which requires additional technological operations for their depletion. Smelting in optimal conditions can exclude the organization of separate processing waste slag. Ways to improve the autogenous smelting of copper concentrates at BCS are the following: strict adjustment of the charge composition by basic metals and silicon dioxide, temperature regime, maintaining the heat balance with the possibility of using fuel, optimal operation of the electric mixer. A study of the dependences between the copper content in charge and slag on furnaces VF-1 and VF-2 of BCS allows establishing that the amount of slag increases 1.5-2 times with a decrease of the copper content in the charge 2 times. Reducing the copper content in the feed increases the losses of copper in the slag. The dependences of the copper content in waste slag on content of magnetite and zinc indicate that an increase of the magnetite content from 8 up to 11 % leads to an increase of the copper content in the slag for 0.4-0.5 %. An increase of the zinc content from 4 up to 6 % leads to increase for 0.3-0.5 % of copper content in the slag. Thermal studying of samples of dump slag, produced on furnaces VF-1 and VF-2 showed that the temperature of the slag at the outlet of the electric mixer should be at least 1300 °C. This temperature is difficult to reach by autogenous smelting regime. To solve the problem of complete separation of slag and matte, it is necessary to overheat slag for 70-80 0С, which will realise at electric energy consumption 80 kWt·h/t of slag and allows obtaining waste slag of the optimal composition.
Synthesis and Photochromic Properties of Conjugated Naphthopyran Derivatives
Authors: Zhao Qian , Yang Yanhua , Shen Kecheng , Tao Xian , Shen Yingzhong
Published: August 2018

Three novel types of naphthopyran derivatives containing alkoxyl and phenyl moieties, 13-butyl −6,11-dimethyl-3,3-diphenyl-3,13-dihydrobenzo[h]indeno[2,1-f]chromen-13-ol (NP), 13-butyl-3,3-bis(6-methoxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,6-dimethyl-3,13-dihydrobenzo[h] indeno[2,1-f]chromen-13-ol (NP1) and 13-butyl-3,3-bis(6-methoxy-4′-naphthalenyl-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3-yl)-6,11-dimenthyl-3,13-dihydrobenz[h]indeno[2,1-f]chromen-13-ol (NP2), were synthesised and characterised. Measurements indicated that they possessed an excellent photochromic response, a rapid thermal bleaching rate and good fatigue resistance. Meanwhile, the UV maximum absorption wavelengths of NP1 (562 nm) and NP2 (597 nm) appeared bathochromically shifted compared with NP (536 nm). The bleaching rate of NP1 was found to be approximately twice that of NP. The results indicated that the UV maximum absorption wavelength and bleaching rate increase with increasing length of the phenyl side chain moieties. In PMMA film, the compounds showed almost the same photochromic properties in the solid state as in dichloromethane solution. The UV absorbance with high-contrast switching in solid film could be beneficial for practical applications.
‘Ini Kan Bukan Bali’: Interaksi Antar-Kasta Masyarakat Transmigran di Desa Kertoraharjo, Kabupaten Luwu Timur, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Anwar Anwar -
Published: August 2018

To become Balinese is to become Hindu with all set of Hinduism and its social norms. This article is focused on the most visible and significant changes in the everyday interaction of Balinese in the transmigration area of Kertoraharjo. As transmigrants, they generally understand that there are 4 categories of Balinese caste (Brahmana, Ksatria, Waisya, and Sudra) and these still exist in Kertoraharjo. However, residential area makes a difference, the practical realities of caste in Kertoraharjo has shown significant changes. Bali coarse language (Bahasa Bali Kasar) has become their daily language, and Bahasa Indonesia is an alternative and casteless language used in every day interaction. For ‘Sudra Kaya’, Balinese names are avoided to eliminate caste identity.  The embodiment of caste is reproduced depending the arena and whether the interaction is horizontal or vertical. However, when it comes to rituals, the norms of caste is maintained as this is related to the transedental relations between human being and God, and any violation will result in karma. Any change in the embodiment of caste is legitimated in a phrase: ‘Ini kan bukan Bali’ (‘this is not Bali’).
Kekerasan Kolektif di Perkotaan: Konstruksi dan Representasi Maskulinitas dalam Budaya Masyarakat Makassar
Authors: Syaiful Muhammad -
Published: August 2018

The occurrence of violence in South Sulawesi whereever they are, they are usually identified as violence that happen in Makassar. This is due to the fact the frequent of violence happen in Makassar than in other cities in Indonesia. This article aims to explore collective violence in two adjoining locations in Makassar, yakni Pampang dan Sukaria and how this is related to masculinity. The pattern of collective violence between people in both areas based on classification and motivesof conflict between groups. The motive of collective violence, namely yakni seizure of land, this then develop mass coordination established through the process of patronage relations and the formation of strong lokal men. This then lead to establishment of routine violence which hands in hand in hand with siri’ na pacce. The construction of masculinity from male perspective that women are obliged to maintain such values through violent ways. Parenting pattern tends to be permissive towards violence. Such violence is common among male members of society. This violence has become an expression of masculinity. Masculinity is symbolised through four aspects:  badik, bow arrow, tatto’ dan ballo (a local drink). Thus, one who can performs these aspects will be considered as rewa.
Pakkebbua Batu: Studi Kerawanan Ekologi dan Kehidupan Ekonomi Masyarakat di Desa Allakuang, Kecamatan Maritengngae, Kabupaten Sidrap
Authors: Zulkifli Zulkifli -
Published: August 2018

The existence of mountain rock has become a grace for people in Desa Allakuan, particularly for craftsmen, and has been used by others from different part of Sidrap. This article aims to explore the craftsmen’s activities and and the impacts of such activities toward the surrounding society, particularly towards craftsmen themselves. The result shows that craftmen are hereditary work. Children are introduced and get involved in such kind of work together with their fathers since childhood. As the result, they are accustomed to such kind of work, and from one generation to another and this has impacted on their motivation to continue their study. However, their perception about being craftmen is rather ambivalent, as a grace as well as a trap since their level of education is low and they do not have other skill to make money. Therefore, they very much depend on the mountain rock as the basic materials for crafts (by combining between traditional and modern technology) and for construction. Despite the fact that this has become the main source of income, it is follow by some negative impact on the environment and public health. The former is related to the mountain rock digging using heavy equipment without considering the balance between the exploitation of natural resources and its maintenance as well as occupational health and safety (K3). The latter is associated with the dust resulted from using carving machine.
Otac i sinovi
Authors: Fatović-Ferenčić Stella , Ferber Bogdan Jasenka
Published: August 2018

U radu je prikazana uloga Eugena Viktora Fellera, ljekarnika i tvorničara, s naglaskom na njegove
marketinške strategije u oglašavanju ljekarničkog specijaliteta marke Elsa. Kao polazište u
analizi poslužili su različiti tipovi onodobnog tiska (pučki kalendari, javna i stručna glasila) te
reklamni letci i ambalaža. Obilje prikupljenog materijala omogućilo je uvid u strategije i scenarije
Fellerova komunikacijskog pristupa potrošačima, komparaciju oglašavanja u različitim medijima i
vremenskim razdobljima. Prateći pojavnost i razradu fenomena vizualne komunikacije kao dijela
obiteljskog interesa, prikazani su pristupi i pomaci u razradi oglašavanja u projektima Fellerovih
sinova Miroslava i Ferdinanda. Nadograđujući se na očevo pozitivno iskustvo marketinga, sinovi
započinju suvremenije promišljanje oglašavanja. Ferdinand Feller pritom u farmaceutski
marketing uvodi koncept kolektivne ljekarničke propagande, a Miroslav Feller utemeljenjem
i razvojem reklamnog zavoda Imago postaje jedan od predvodnika razvoja institucionalizacije i
profesionalizacije komercijalnoga grafičkog dizajna. Utoliko je razvoj marketinga predočen kroz
marketinške pristupe i inovativne ideje triju osobnosti obitelji Feller ilustracija pomaka u pristupima
koji su obilježili početak drukčijeg poslovanja u industrijskom društvu u kojemu oglašavanje
postaje nezaobilaznim dijelom i pokretačem tržišnih odnosa.
Performance evaluation of modified BAU self-propelled reaper for paddy
Authors: Noby Md Mahamudun , Hasan Md Kamrul , Ali Md Rostom , Saha Chayan Kumer , Alam Md Monjurul , Hossain Md Mosharraf
Published: August 2018

Bangladesh has an agrarian economy in which paddy is the dominant crop. A significant amount of field losses of paddy occurs every year due to natural calamities and a shortage of time during the harvesting period. During this study, a modification was done on locally developed BAU self-propelled reaper and its performance was compared with manual harvesting system of paddy. Several experiments were conducted in Boro paddy (April–May 2017) and Aman paddy harvesting (November–December 2017) at BAU farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University after necessary modification works in the workshop. An experiment was also conducted on Aman paddy in 2017 at BAU farm for determining manual harvesting cost. The technical and economic performances of the modified BAU self-propelled reaper were determined based on the field experiments. Results reveal that average fuel consumption, effective field capacity and field efficiency were 2.71 L/ha, 0.255 ha/h and 77.27%, respectively for the modified BAU self-propelled reaper and 2.88 L/ha, 0.25 ha/h and 75.76%, respectively for the existing BAU self-propelled reaper. These results indicated that field performances of modified BAU self-propelled reaper were better than that of the existing BAU reaper. Paddy harvesting cost was found 916 Tk/ha for modified BAU self-propelled reaper and 9200 Tk/ha for manual harvesting system. The benefit-cost ratio of the modified BAU self-propelled reaper was 2.18. Considering the technical and economic performances, modified BAU self-propelled reaper was found suitable than the existing BAU reaper.  So, the modified BAU self-propelled reaper may be introduced in Bangladesh in the commercial basis.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 171-177, August 2018
Present status and problem confrontation of oilseed cultivation in southwest region of Bangladesh
Authors: Pervin Suraya , Chowdhury Antu Roy , Islam Md Matiul , Ahmed Mohammad Bashir , Ara Rubayet
Published: August 2018

The present piece of research was conducted to explore the present status and problem confrontation of oilseed cultivation. Besides, relationship of the selected characteristics of the respondents with their problem confrontation was explored. This study was conducted at three selected villages namely Fultola, Debitola and Hetalbunia of Batiaghata upazila. Data were collected from purposive randomly selected 82 respondents during the period of 07 to 27 May, 2017. Appropriate scales were used to measure the variables of the study. Correlation test was used to ascertain the relationship between the personal characteristics with the faced problems. Average age of the respondents was 50.43 years. Around two-third (63.4 percent) of the respondents belonged to nuclear family with small to medium (65.9 percent) family size with an average of 5.87 years of schooling. Most (98.7 percent) of the respondents had scanty land ownership. All of them had oilseed cultivation experience and 57.3 percent had organizational participation. Their average annual income was 1,06,122 Tk. Three-fourth (75.6 percent) of the respondents had medium extension contact and about two-third (69.5 percent) had low cosmopoliteness. Among the respondents 68.3 percent had high knowledge, 81.7 percent had favorable attitude, and among oilseed sesame ranked first position in case of cultivation practice. Water logging, salinity and lack of improved technology for planting and harvesting ranked 1st, 2nd and 3rd position, respectively, among the problems. Annual income and attitude had negative significant relationship with problem confrontation. Respondents had favorable attitude towards oilseed cultivation. This attitude may be a tool for the oilseed farmers to increase the oilseed cultivation status in the study area.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 198-207, August 2018
Effect of nursery seeding density, age of seedling and number of seedlings hill−1 on the performance of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija)
Authors: Paul Swapan Kumar Kumar , Akter Mukta , Sarkar Shubroto Kumar , Sarkar Md Abdur Rahman
Published: August 2018

The cultivar Parija is a short duration transplanted Aus rice, which can be cultivated in between Boro and transplanted Aman rice without hampering their yield. Hence, research work on proper agronomic practices warrant due attention to augment the grain yield of this cultivar. An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during April to July 2012 to examine the effect of nursery seeding density, age of seedling and number of seedlings hill−1 and their effects on the yield components and yield of short duration transplant Aus rice (cv. Parija). The experiment consisted of two nursery seeding densities viz. 40, 80 g seeds m−2, three ages of seedlings viz. 20-, 30- and 40-day old and three levels of seedlings hill−1 viz. 2, 4 and 6 seedlings hill−1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results showed that the treatments 40 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill−1 individually had significant effect on the total tillers hill−1, effective tillers hill−1, grains panicle−1 and sterility percentage. In consequence, the highest grain yields of 3.28, 3.35 and 3.5 t ha−1 were found at 40 g seed m−2, 30-day old seedlings and 4 seedlings hill−1, respectively. In case of interaction the highest grain yield (4.22 t ha−1) was found in 40 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill−1 which was at par with the interaction of 40 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 6 seedlings hill−1 (3.84 t ha−1) and 80 g seed m−2 × 30-day old seedlings × 4 seedlings hill−1. Considering both the individual and cumulative significant effects of the treatments on the yield components and grain yield, the use of 40 g seed m−2, 30-day-old seedlings and 4 seedlings hill−1 could improve the yield components and grain yield of short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija). Therefore, short duration transplanted Aus rice (cv. Parija) can be cultivated maintaining a nursery seeding density of 40 g seed m−2 and 30-day old seedlings with 4 seedlings hill−1 for obtaining maximum grain yield.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 215-220, August 2018
Status and economic valuation of ecosystem services of Tanguar haor: A wetland of Bangladesh
Authors: Solayman HM , Baten Md Abdul , Khan Md Badiuzzaman
Published: August 2018

Tanguar haor wetland is one of the listed Ramsar sites enrich with biodiversity variety and provides several ecosystem services with significant contribution to the national economy of Bangladesh. But these services were decreasing day by day due to natural and anthropogenic activities. The purposes of this study were to identify the utilized ecosystem services by communities, economic values of utilized ecosystem services and the basic reasons for depleting of ecosystem services. Data were collected through baseline survey, checklists, face to face questionnaire survey and focus group discussion (FGD) from 120 residential respondents and 50 tourist respondents by accepting random sampling techniques during November, 2016 to September, 2017. Physiochemical characteristics of the water were determined where the mean temperature and pH were 28.26°C and 7.72 respectively. The highest TDS, EC, DO, NO3 and PO4 values were 1020 (mg L−1), 1460 (μS cm−1), 8.56 (mg L−1), 1.769 (mg L−1) and 0.078 (mg L−1), respectively. Commonly utilized ecosystem services were crops, vegetables, fuel, fresh water, fishes and migratory birds, climate regulation, water purification, natural hazards protection, aesthetic, social relations, recreation & tourism, health benefit, primary production, nutrient cycling, water cycling habitats for species and provision of habitat etc. Market Value Method (MVM) and Contingent Value Method (CVM) were applied to measure the economic value of Tanguar haor wetland services. DPSIR framework and Impact Matrix (IM) were applied for conceptual analysis to identify the effects on ecosystem services. Total economic value of 39 ecosystem services of Tanguar haor was estimated at 174039980 BDT year−1. Mismanagement of biodiversity, over exploitation, sedimentation of haor, climate change, illegal hunting, land use changes and habitat changes were the responsible factors for depleting ecosystem services. The impact factor (4.161) was identified by natural and anthropogenic factors on ecosystem services. There have a vast prospect of the Tanguar haor wetland services for near communities. Finally the research suggested several sustainable management approaches which have the potentiality to protect the services of the wetland.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 237-243, August 2018
Attitude of farmers towards domestication of shea tree cultivation in Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Sheshi Umar Isah
Published: August 2018

Despite the socio-economic potentials of shea tree and it ability to grow well in Niger State, the tree crop is yet to be domesticated in farms. Thus, the study examined the attitude of farmers towards the cultivation of shea tree in Niger State, Nigeria. To achieve the study objectives, 210 respondents were randomly selected for the study and data were collected using validated interview schedule with reliability coefficient of 0.85. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logit regression model. Result indicated that the mean age of the respondents was 52 years. Number of shea trees owned by 50.48% of the respondents ranged from15–20 trees which mostly grow naturally. Result further revealed that the respondents had favourable attitude towards most of the issues bordering on shea trees domestication. The issues that attracted least unfavourable attitude were long gestation period and inadequate awareness on the need to plant and manage wild trees. Factors that influenced willingness to plant shea trees were sex, attitude, land ownership, educational level and marital status. Therefore, it was recommended that youths, women and married couples should be encouraged by government to go into shea trees cultivation. It was also suggested that farmers should be educated by extension agents to encourage on-farm shea tree planting culture and agroforestry initiatives.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 271-275, August 2018
Design and development of a turmeric polisher
Authors: Hoque MA , Hossain MA
Published: August 2018

Dried turmeric rhizomes are generally polished to remove the outer dirty skins, roots and soil, and to transform them to relatively smooth, bright and yellowish rhizomes. In farm level, turmeric polishing is carried out manually following conventional methods, which are slow, tedious and labor-intensive operation. To overcome these problems, a medium-size turmeric polisher was designed and fabricated in Farm Machinery and Postharvest Process Engineering (FMPE) Division of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during 2013–14. Length, width and height of the polisher were 1040 mm, 850 mm and 1450 mm, respectively. Weight of the turmeric polisher was 90 kg. A 0.37-kW single-phase induction-type electric motor was used as the source of power for operating the polisher. The polisher was tested in FMPE Division, Regional Spices Research Station (RSRS), Magura and Hill Agricultural Research Station (HARS), Khagrachari. The polisher took 25 minutes to polish a batch of 30 kg dried turmeric. The price of the polisher was Tk 30000. The average cost of polishing by the polisher was Tk 1.42 per kilogram turmeric against the hand beating polishing cost of Tk 5.12 per kilogram. The polisher can save 81% time and 78% cost of polishing than that of hand beating method. Payback period of the polisher is 97 hours. Therefore, the polisher can be recommended for turmeric polishing in Bangladesh as well as for other turmeric growing countries.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 303-308, August 2018
Physico-chemical properties of mixed jam from pineapple and sweet gourd
Authors: Ferdous MJ , Alim Md Abdul
Published: August 2018

This study investigated the preparation of mixed jam from sweet gourd and pineapple. The proximate compositions of sweet gourd pulp were: moisture content 90.3%, ash 0.33%, sugar 3.24% and ascorbic acid 2.97 mg/100g. Pineapple pulp contained 74.6%moisture, 0.3%ash, 9.95% sugar and 78.79 mg/100 gascorbic acid. The keeping quality and shelf life of the prepared mixed jam were studied. For the case of mixed jam, the highest sugar content (62.54%) was in sample with 60% pineapple and 40% sweet gourd. Organoleptic test showed that overall acceptability of 60% pineapple +40% sweet gourds was better than that of other mixed jam. The highest score (8.0) was found from the sample with 60% pineapple + 40% sweet gourd, and the lowest score (6.0) was from the sample with 50% pineapple + 50% sweet gourd. During storage period, TSS, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and pH decreased for all cases. Fading of color was observed at 90 days of storage for some samples.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(2): 309-314, August 2018
Effect of Nigella Sativa (Kalozira) Oil on Pain in Long Evans Rats
Authors: Jerin Ismoth Ara , Begum Noorzahan
Published: August 2018

Background: For thousands of years, Nigella sativa has been used in many countries as a spice as well as a protective and curative remedy for numerous health disorders. Nigella sativa oil (NSO) suppressed pain in animal models.Objective: To assess the effects of Nigella sativa oil on pain after single administration with three increasing doses in rat models.Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from March 2016 to February 2017. For this, 20 (twenty) Long Evans rats (200±20) of both sexes were divided into control ( 10 ml/kg of 1% solution of Tween 20) and experimental groups (NSO 0.5, with 0.5 ml/ kg NSO; NSO 1, with 1 ml/kg NSO; NSO 1.5, with 1.5 ml/kg NSO) with 5 rats in each group.. To assess nociceptive pain, central analgesic system and inflammatory pain ,early phase (1st-5th minutes); inter phase (6th-15th minutes) and on late phase (16th-60th minutes) of formalin test respectively were observed. All the agents were given intraperitoneally in a single dose just one hour before the formalin test. In all phases, total frequency of jerking and total duration of flexing and licking of right hind paw were counted after administration of subcutaneous formalin (50 µL, 2.5%) injection. Statistical analysis was done by ANOVA, followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test.Results: In early phase, NSO significantly reduced the jerking (p ≤0.001, in all doses) and flexing and licking (p≤0.001, in higher 2 doses). In interphase, jerking was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) lowered after 1.5 ml/kg of NSO but flexing and licking were significantly lowered by at all 3 doses (p ≤0.05, p ≤0.001, p ≤0.001,). In addition, in late phase jerking and flexing and licking were reduced by higher 2 doses (p ≤0.001, ) and all 3 doses respectively (p ≤0.001, in all doses).Conclusion: From this study, it may be concluded that, NSO possess analgesic effect and higher two doses were more effective than lower doses.J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, June; 13(1): 1-7
Smith and Hume on Animal Minds
Authors: Fry Richard J.
Published: August 2018

This paper situates Hume's views on animals in the context of the Scottish Enlightenment by contrasting them with the views of Adam Smith. While Smith is more central to the philosophical establishment of the Scottish Enlightenment, their views on morals resemble each other greatly and both think that the analogies between humans and non-human animals are useful for thinking about morals. Their estimation of the nature and extent of those analogies, however, differ widely from one another. This has been historically obscured by the fact that in no single work does Smith precisely detail what he thinks non-human animals are capable of. I argue that Smith thinks non-human animal minds are different in kind from human minds. This is evident from Smith's view of how language facilitates and co-creates certain aspects of human cognition. Hume, by contrast, seems to hold that non-human animal minds differ merely by degree from human minds. After reconstructing Smith's view, I contrast it with Hume's, providing historical context to show how Hume falls outside the mainstream on this issue and Smith within it. Their views on animals reflect, broadly, their standing with respect to the wider Scottish philosophical community.
DNA Replication Licensing Protein MCM10 Promotes Tumor Progression and Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer
Authors: Mahadevappa Ravikiran , Neves Henrique , Yuen Shun Ming , Jameel Muhammad , Bai Yuchen , Yuen Hiu-Fung , Zhang Shu-Dong , Zhu Youzhi , Lin Yao , Kwok Hang Fai
Published: August 2018

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide. In breast cancer, the cell proliferation rate is known to influence the cancer malignancy. Recent studies have shown that DNA replication initiation/licensing factors are involved in cancer cell proliferation as well as cancer cell migration and invasion. Licensing factors have also been reported as important prognostic markers in lung, prostrate, and bladder cancers. Here, we studied the role of MCM10, a novel licensing factor, in breast cancer progression. From the public database, NCBI, we investigated six independent breast cancer patient cohorts, totaling 1283 patients. We observed a significant association between high MCM10 mRNA expression with tumor grading and patients’ survival time. Most importantly, using breast cancer cohorts with available treatment information, we also demonstrated that a high level of MCM10 is associated with a better response to conventional treatment. Similarly, in in vitro studies, the expression level of MCM10 in breast cancer cell lines is significantly higher compared to paired normal breast epithelium cells. Knockdown of MCM10 expression in the cancer cell line showed significantly decreased tumorigenic properties such as cell proliferation, migration and anchorage independence. The MCF7 breast cancer cell line, after MCM10 expression knockdown, showed significantly decreased tumorigenic properties such as cell proliferation, migration, and anchorage independent growth. Mechanistically, MCM10 expression is observed to be regulated by an Estrogen Receptor (ER) signaling pathway, where its expression is suppressed by the inhibition of the ER or serum withdrawal. Our results suggest that MCM10 plays an important role in breast cancer progression and is a potential prognostic/predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer patients.
Transnational Civic Education and Emergent Bilinguals in a Dual Language Setting
Authors: Di Stefano Marialuisa , Camicia Steven P.
Published: August 2018

Inclusion is a fundamental aspect of social studies education in general and democratic education in particular. Inclusion is especially important when we consider the possibilities for transnational civic culture and education. The theoretical framework of this study is based upon concepts of positionality, identity, and belonging as they are related to student understanding of communities. A dual-language, third-grade classroom provided the site for this ethnographic study. Data included participant observations, interviews with the teacher and students, and artifacts of student work. Findings illustrate how the students in the study understood the complexity of their identities at a young age and how the teacher used culturally sustaining pedagogy to foster a third space where this understanding was encouraged.