bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assistência pré-natal associada aos desfechos neonatais em maternidades: estudo transversal de base hospitalar
Authors: Vidal Eglídia Carla Figueirêdo , Oliveira Lara Leite de , Oliveira Camila Almeida Neves de , Balsells Marianne Maia Dutra , Barros Maria Aline Rodrigues , Vidal Emery Ciana Figueirêdo , Pinheiro Ana Karina Bezerra , Aquino Priscila de Souza
Published: February 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre os indicadores da qualidade do pré-natal e os desfechos neonatais em maternidades. Método: Estudo transversal de base hospitalar, em quatro maternidades referências para alto risco nas cinco macrorregiões de saúde habilitadas na Rede Cegonha no Ceará-Brasil. Realizou-se entre abril de 2017 e julho de 2018, entrevista com 440 puérperas, por amostragem probabilística simples e fórmula com populações finitas e estratificação de cada maternidade. A análise envolveu o Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, Análise de Resíduos Ajustados e Exato de Fisher. Resultados: Nota-se associação entre menor número de consultas com prematuridade e baixo peso ao nascer. Parto na maternidade de residência da mulher esteve associada com baixo peso ao nascer e necessidade de suporte ventilatório. Conclusão: Indicadores de qualidade do pré-natal influenciaram os desfechos neonatais, o que afirma a importância da garantia de acesso e qualidade da assistência como formas de reduzir a morbimortalidade infantil.
Long COVID: neurological manifestations - an updated narrative review
Authors: Leonel Tavares-Júnior José Wagner , Ciurleo Gabriella Cunha Vieira , Formiga Alissa Moura , Vasconcelos Thais de Maria Frota , Andrade Marcello Holanda de , Feitosa Werbety Lucas Queiroz , Sobreira-Neto Antônio Alves , Portugal Chiara Gübel , Morais Lorenzo Marinho , Marinho Samuel Cavalcante , Gomes Emanuel de Assis Bertulino Martins , Feitosa Esther de Alencar Araripe Falcão , Sobreira Emmanuelle Silva Tavares , Oriá Reinaldo Barreto , Sobreira-Neto Manoel Alves , Braga-Neto Pedro
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT. Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus can lead to neurological symptoms in the acute phase and in the Long COVID phase. These symptoms usually involve cognition, sleep, smell disorders, psychiatric manifestations, headache and others. This condition is more commonly described in young adults and women. This symptomatology can follow severe or mild cases of the disease. The importance of this issue resides in the high prevalence of neurological symptoms in the Long COVID phase, which entails significant morbidity in this population. In addition, such a condition is associated with high health care costs, with some estimates hovering around 3.7 trillion US dollars. In this review, we will sequentially describe the current knowledge about the most prevalent neurological symptoms in Long COVID, as well as their pathophysiology and possible biomarkers.
Uso dos serviços de saúde por pessoas idosas em áreas rurais e urbanas do Brasil
Authors: Alves Gleica Soyan Barbosa , Parente Rosana Cristina Pereira , Herkrath Fernando José
Published: February 2024

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o uso dos serviços de saúde por pessoas idosas residentes em áreas urbanas e rurais do Brasil. Método Estudo transversal que analisou dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019, referentes aos moradores idosos (≥60 anos) selecionados nos domicílios, totalizando 22.728 entrevistas (3.300 em área rural e 19.426 em área urbana). Foram estimadas para as áreas rurais e urbanas as prevalências de cadastro na Estratégia Saúde da Família, intervalo de tempo da última consulta médica e odontológica, procura do serviço nas últimas duas semanas, última aferição da pressão arterial e da glicemia e avaliados os fatores associados à utilização dos serviços de saúde médicos e odontológicos nos últimos 12 meses. Resultados A autopercepção da saúde como ‘muito boa’ ou ‘boa’ foi maior na área urbana (47,32%), assim como a proporção de pessoas idosas que relataram consulta médica e odontológica nos últimos 12 meses (90,54%). Evidenciou-se menor frequência do acompanhamento da aferição de pressão arterial (81,30%) e da glicemia (45,83%) em áreas rurais. As pessoas idosas que possuem baixa escolaridade, residem em áreas rurais, na região Norte são as que possuem menor chance de utilização dos serviços. Conclusão A população idosa residente em área rural apresenta piores condições de saúde em relação à população residente em área urbana.
Construction and validation of Comics at children with acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Silva Giovani Basso da , Souza Luccas Melo de , Canabarro Simone Travi
Published: February 2024

Abstract Introduction Cancer has an impact on the lives of children and their families. Comics can be a strategy to strengthen the bond and communication between professional/patient/family. Objective To develop and validate an instructional/educational material, in the format of Comics, aimed at children hospitalized with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Methodology Methodological study developed in nine stages: preparation of the research project; content definition and selection; language adaptation; inclusion of illustrations; construction of a pilot material; validation of the material; layout; final printing and availability. Validation took place with 10 specialists between March and May 2022, using the Health Education Content Validation Instrument. Results 5 Comics were created, with 6 main characters, requiring 63 hours of work. They were divided by themes (gastrointestinal disorders; hemorrhagic cystitis; problems related to self-esteem and self-image; risk of infection and bone pain) that obtained a satisfactory global Content Validity Index between 0.78 and 0.87. Conclusions and implications for practice Comics can be used as an attractive and reliable source of information about the disease, supporting information during hospitalization and preparation for discharge.
Comparação do nível de dependência de Enfermagem e dimensionamento entre unidades de internação clínica e cirúrgica
Authors: Oliveira João Lucas Campos de , Rodrigues Nicole Hertzog , Acosta Aline Marques , Ribeiro Rúbia Guimarães , Mergen Thiane , Silva Aline Rodrigues da
Published: February 2024

Resumo Objetivo comparar o nível de dependência dos cuidados de Enfermagem e o dimensionamento de pessoal entre unidades de internação clínica e cirúrgica. Método estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado em quatro unidades de internação de um hospital universitário de grande porte do sul do Brasil. Foram incluídos 7.486 registros da classificação dos pacientes entre janeiro e outubro de 2022. Empregou-se a análise estatística descritiva, demanda de horas de Enfermagem, projeção de pessoal e teste qui-quadrado. Resultados prevaleceram os pacientes de cuidados intermediários (40,2%) e semi-intensivos (40,8%), com diferença entre as unidades (p-valor<0,001). Em todas as unidades verificou-se o déficit de enfermeiros. Em uma unidade clínica, o quadro de técnicos/auxiliares de Enfermagem projetado era igual ao disponível (n=46). Em duas unidades, verificou-se um discreto a moderado superávit de pessoal de nível médio. A unidade de internação cirúrgica que teve a melhor taxa de classificação (92,3%) apresentou maior discrepância entre o dimensionamento prescrito e o real. Conclusão e implicações para prática as unidades apresentaram uma elevada dependência do cuidado de Enfermagem. Ao considerar também as taxas de ocupação e de adesão à classificação de pacientes, é plausível que uma das unidades clínicas tenha a maior demanda de cuidados.
BRS Araçari e BRS Biguatinga: Novas cultivares de pimenta habanero da Embrapa Hortaliças
Authors: Ribeiro Cláudia SC , Soares Renato S , Carvalho Sabrina IC de , Nass Luciano L , Lopes Carlos A , Lima Mirtes F , Nagata Alice KI , Reis Ailton , Duval Alice MQ , Pinheiro Jadir B , Maldonade Iriani R , Hanashiro Marcelo M , Reifschneider Francisco JB
Published: February 2024

RESUMO O programa de melhoramento de Capsicum da Embrapa Hortaliças tem contribuído significativamente no desenvolvimento e disponibilização de cultivares de pimentas com diferentes níveis de pungência no mercado brasileiro, tendo como foco principal a resistência a doenças e frutos com qualidades industrial e nutricional superiores. As cultivares de pimenta habanero BRS Araçari e BRS Biguatinga foram desenvolvidas pela Embrapa Hortaliças visando tanto o mercado de frutos frescos como a indústria processadora de pastas e molhos. ‘BRS Araçari’ apresenta frutos de formato retangular, de coloração verde quanto imaturo e amarela quando maduro, com 4,3 cm de comprimento por 4,2 cm de largura e 1,8 mm de espessura de parede. Os frutos têm pungência média de 5.000 SHU (unidade de calor Scoville) e elevado conteúdo de vitamina C (177,4 mg/100 g). Os frutos de ‘BRS Biguatinga’ são de formato campanulado, forma típica das pimentas do grupo habanero, de coloração verde clara quando imaturos e vermelha quando maduros, com 6,6 cm de comprimento por 3,4 cm de largura e 1,9 mm de espessura de parede. A pungência média dos frutos é de cerca de 150.000 SHU, com 149 mg/100 g de vitamina C e 221 µg/g fruto de carotenoides. As duas cultivares são resistentes a doenças importantes que afetam a cultura da pimenteira e apresentam elevadas produtividade, uniformidade e qualidade de frutos, ademais, ambas as cultivares têm sido cultivadas com sucesso em sistemas de produção convencional e orgânico no Brasil. ‘BRS Araçari’ e ‘BRS Biguatinga’ foram registradas e protegidas pelo Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária, e sementes comerciais da cultivar BRS Araçari estão sendo produzidas e comercializadas pela empresa Isla Sementes. Sementes básicas de ‘BRS Biguatinga’ estão sendo ofertadas ao setor produtivo por meio de Edital Público para interessados na produção e comercialização de sementes comerciais da referida cultivar.
Foxp1 Is Required for Renal Intercalated Cell Differentiation and Acid–Base Regulation
Authors: Wu Shi-Ting , Feng Yu , Song Renhua , Qi Yanmiao , Li Lin , Lu Dongbo , Wang Yixuan , Wu Wenrun , Morgan Angela , Wang Xiaohong , Xia Yin , Liu Renjing , Alexander Stephen I. , Wong Justin , Zhang Yuzhen , Zheng Xiangjian
Published: February 2024

Key Points

Foxp1 is a key transcriptional factor for the differentiation of intercalated cells in collecting ducts.

Dmrt2 and Hmx2 act downstream of Foxp1 to control the differentiation of type A and type B intercalated cells, respectively.

Foxp1 and Dmrt2 are essential for body acid–base balance regulation.

Background

Kidney collecting ducts comprise principal cells and intercalated cells, with intercalated cells playing a crucial role in kidney acid–base regulation through H+ and HCO3
− secretion. Despite its significance, the molecular mechanisms controlling intercalated cell development remain incompletely understood.

Methods

To investigate the specific role of Foxp1 in kidney tubular system, we specifically deleted Foxp1 expression in kidney distal nephrons and collecting ducts. We examined the effects of Foxp1 on intercalated cell differentiation and urine acidification. RNA sequencing and Chip-seq were used to identify Foxp1 target genes. To dissect the genetic network that regulates intercalated cell differentiation, Dmrt2-deficient mice were generated to determine the role of Dmrt2 in intercalated cell differentiation. Foxp1-deficient mice were crossed with Notch2-deficient mice to dissect the relation between Foxp1 and Notch signaling.

Results

Foxp1 was selectively expressed in intercalated cells in collecting ducts. The absence of Foxp1 in kidney tubules led to the abolishment of intercalated cell differentiation in the collecting ducts, resulting in distal renal tubular acidosis. Foxp1 regulates the expression of Dmrt2 and Hmx2, two genes encoding transcription factors specifically expressed in type A and type B intercalated cell cells, respectively. Further genetic analysis revealed that Dmrt2 was essential for type A intercalated cell differentiation, and Foxp1 was necessary downstream of Notch for the regulation of intercalated cell differentiation.

Conclusions

Foxp1 is required for the renal intercalated cell differentiation and participated in acid–base regulation. Foxp1 regulated downstream transcriptional factors, Dmrt2 and Hmx2, which were involved in the specification of distinct subsets of intercalated cells.
COVID-19 Pandemisi Sürecinde Okul Öncesi Eğitime Yeni Başlayan Özel Gereksinimli Çocukların Okula Uyumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: ERDİNÇ Hatice Beyza , DİKEN İbrahim Halil , GÜNDEN Uğur Onur
Published: February 2024

Bu çalışma, Covid-19 pandemisi döneminde okul öncesi eğitime yeni başlamış özel gereksinimli çocukların okula uyum düzeyini araştırmak amacıyla İstanbul’da gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya, toplamda 133 öğretmen katılmış olup bu öğretmenlerin sınıfında okul öncesi eğitime devam eden 115 kız ve 18 erkek özel gereksinimli öğrenci bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda, katılımcılara Demografik Bilgi Toplama Formu ve Okula Uyum Öğretmen Derecelendirme Ölçeği Kısa Formu (OUÖDÖ-KF) çevrim içi doldurtulmuştur. Çalışmada betimsel-ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, çocuğun okula uyum düzeyi ile çocuğun yaşları arasında düşük düzeyde pozitif, özel eğitim hizmetlerinden yararlanmaya başladığı yaş ile negatif bir korelasyon olduğunu göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, çocuğun cinsiyeti ile okula uyum düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark ve haftalık özel eğitim ders saati ile okula uyum düzeyi arasında da anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Bu bulgular ışığında, gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalar ve uygulamalara yönelik öneriler de tartışılmıştır. Çalışma, okula yeni başlayan özel gereksinimli çocukların okula uyum süreçlerine yönelik önemli veriler sunarak, özel eğitim alanında daha etkili müdahalelerin planlanmasına katkı sağlamaktadır.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 promotes radioresistance by regulating glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit and its unique immunoinvasive pattern
Authors: Xue Zhaoyuan , Nuerrula Yiliyaer , Sitiwaerdi Yilidana , Eli Mayinur
Published: February 2024

The enzyme glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM) serves as the initial rate-limiting factor in glutathione (GSH) synthesis. GSH is the preferred substrate for glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), directly impacting its activity and stability. This study aims to elucidate the expression of GCLM and its correlation with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2), commonly referred to as NRF2, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and further investigate the potential signaling axis of radiotherapy resistance caused by NRF2-mediated regulation of ferroptosis in ESCC. The expression of NRF2, GCLM, and GPX4 in ESCC was analyzed by bioinformatics, and their relationship with ferroptosis was verified through cell function experiments. Their role in radioresistance was then investigated through multiple validation steps. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to determine the immune infiltration pattern of NRF2 in ESCC. Furthermore, the effect of NRF2-mediated massive macrophage M2 infiltration on radiotherapy and ferroptosis was validated through in vivo experiments. In vitro assays demonstrated that overactivated NRF2 promotes radioresistance by directly binding to the promoter region of GCLM. The Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and quanTIseq analyses revealed NRF2 enrichment in M2 macrophages with a positive correlation. Co-culturing KYSE450 cells with M2 macrophages demonstrated that a significant infiltration of macrophages M2 can render ESCC cells resistant to radiotherapy but restore their sensitivity to ferroptosis in the process. Our study elucidates a link between the NRF2-GCLM-GSH-GPX4 signaling axis in ESCC, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for antagonistic biomarkers of resistance in the future. Additionally, it provides a novel treatment avenue for ESCC metastasis and radioresistance.
Fluorescent in situ hybridization in sponge (Ephydatia muelleri) tissues with tyramide signal amplification v1
Authors: R Ho Vanessa
Published: February 2024

Cultured sponges such as Ephydatia muelleri (Demospongiae) have delicate tissues and are attached to coverslips, unlike many other tissue samples such as embryos that are typically free floating. This protocol also uses urea in place of formamide, which is not only safer, but is just as effective at reducing background signals and also improves signal detection. It is strongly recommended to have all the reagents prepared at least a day before they are needed. Large quantities of some solutions like PBS can be made at one time but some solutions such as the proteinase K solution are to be prepared fresh.
Analysis of glycosphingolipids from animal tissues v1
Authors: A Priestman David
Published: February 2024

Interest in the role of cellular glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in health and disease led to us developing a sensitive method to analyse the full complement of GSL structures present in mammalian cells, fluids and tissues. The original qualitative method we developed was published in 2004 and measured the oligosaccharides selectively released from glycosphingolipids using a ceramide glycanase enzyme derived from the medicinal leech. We have now updated and refined this protocol with the focus on achieving sensitive and reproducible quantitation of GSLs in animal tissues. The method uses the fluorescent compound anthranilic acid (2-AA) to label oligosaccharides prior to analysis using normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The labelling procedure is rapid, selective, and easy to perform. With the inclusion of a 2AA-labelled chitotriose calibration standard, it is possible to obtain accurate and reproducible molar quantities of individual GSL species.
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the chytrid fungus Spizellomyces punctatus (Sp) v2
Authors: M Prostak Sarah , M Medina Edgar
Published: February 2024

This is a collection of protocols for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the chytrid fungus Spizellomyces punctatus.
Hourglass-like fascicular constriction of the median nerve: case series
Authors: Druzhinina E. S. , Druzhinin D. S. , Karapetyan A. S. , Alipbekov N. N. , Nakonechny D. G. , Rogovskaya Yu. V. , Zavadenko N. N.
Published: February 2024

Background. The anterior interosseus nerve (AIN) syndrome is a rare pathology, with cause is discussed. The findings in isolated AIN patients are in the main trunk of median nerve. It is confirmed by neuroimaging data and intraoperative picture in the form of the construction of fascicles in the nerve.

Aim. To describe the clinical and instrumental characteristics of patients with isolated non-traumatic lesion of AIN.

Materials and methods. The clinical, electrophysiological and neuroimaging data of 7 patients with isolated nontraumatic lesion of AIN were retrospectively analyzed, three of whom underwent surgical treatment.

Results. All patients complained of neuropathic pain in the affected upper limb, with an average intensity of 8 points according to visual analog scale and a duration of 1.5 to 4 weeks. Weakness of the flexor pollicis longus from 1 to 3 points on the MRC (Medical Research Council Weakness) scale was observed in all cases, weakness of flexion of the distal phalanx of the index finger in 6 patients from 1 to 3 points, which indicated an isolated lesion of the anterior interosseous nerve.

Needle electromyogram revealed denervation in c in all cases, 5 patients – in the pronator teres.

The fascicular constriction from 1 or 2 sections of the median nerve were detected at the shoulder level on the affected side by ultrasound in 6 patients. An increase in the cross-sectional area of the median nerve at the shoulder level in 2 cases we observed, in one case the changes were o bilateral and asymmetric. In 2 cases, an increase in cross-sectional area of С5 root was noted on the affected side by no more than 23 % of the normal value. A change in echogenicity and size decrease of the pronator quadratus, when compared with the opposite side, was noted in all cases.

Conclusion. Patients with isolated AIN syndrome needs intensive evaluation to identify the localization of the level of damage to the median nerve.
Assessment of the results of treatment of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction
Authors: Sehweil Salah M. M. , Goncharova Z. A.
Published: February 2024

Background. A vast ischemic lesion in cases of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction causes a massive edema of the affected cerebral hemisphere, which leads to development of the dislocation syndrome and, in most cases, death. Decompressive hemicraniectomy is a more effective method for treatment of malignant ischemic infarction, than conservative therapy.

Aim. Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of malignant middle cerebral artery infarction.

Materials and methods. Analysis was carried out of the case histories of 57 patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction, out of which number 64.9 % were women and 35.1 % were men. The patients’ ages varied from 49 to 90 years, with the average of 72.7 year. All patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 patients (n = 47, 82.5 %) received only conservative therapy, while Group 2 patients (n = 10, 17.5 %) were subjected to surgical treatment.

Results. The in-hospital stay of Group 1 patients varied from 2 to 73 days (the mean stay being 14.4 ± 1.8 days). Lethality in the conservative therapy patients was 46.8 % during the in-hospital stay varying from 2 to 21 days, with the average of 7.7 ± 1.7 days. Based on the postmortem examination, dislocation syndrome and its consequences were the cause of death in 90.9 % of the patients, who received in-hospital conservative therapy.

The in-hospital stay of Group 2 patients varied from 22 to 33 days, with the average of 19.6 ± 4.3 days. The postoperative mortality was 40 %. The postmortem examination showed that the cause of the deaths was exacerbation of the dislocation syndrome and its consequences.

Conclusion. Malignant ischemic syndrome in the territory supplied by the middle cerebral artery is the most severe form of ischemic infarction accompanied by constant disability of patients. Despite decompressive hemicraniectomy, lethality for the patients with malignant ischemic syndrome remains high, the principal cause being development of the dislocation syndrome.
DYNAMIC CHANGES IN HEALTH INDICATORS OF THE POPULATION OF THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Karpova Oksana B. , Zagoruychenko Anna A. , Bashkueva Elena Yu.
Published: February 2024

Highlights

The results of the study revealed a recent increase in the mortality of the rural population in the Siberian Federal District, and in Russia in general, which required a separate study to identify its causes. Thus, new management solutions should be developed to improve the resource capacity of the healthcare system in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

Abstract

Background. Currently, the main strategic goals include increasing life expectancy, reducing mortality rates of the country`s population and improving medical and demographic indicators. This task is becoming especially relevant in rural areas.

Aim. To analyze changes in public health indicators of the rural population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic using the Siberian Federal District data.

Methods. The research methods that were used in this study are as follows: statistical and comparative analysis, and generalization on the basis of prior experience. For the analysis the statistical data and reports from the Ministry of Health of Russia, Federal State Statistics Service, and the Siberian Federal District were selected.

Results. The analysis of demographic indicators in the Siberian Federal District for the period from 2018 to 2021 showed higher mortality rates compared to the national average, especially in the Altai Territory (1.2 times higher). In 2020 the overall incidence in rural areas both in the Russian Federation as a whole and in the Siberian Federal District decreased for almost all types of diseases (respiratory diseases -2.4%, digestive diseases -13.4%, diseases of the circulatory system -5.3%, infectious and parasitic diseases -11.8%, malignancies -5.3%, injuries and poisoning -5.2%) compared to 2019, whereas there was a growth of the indicator in 2021 in the district being 14% higher than in the Russian Federation. The incidence rate of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and life expectancy at birth in the rural population are given, but it should be noted that although the incidence rate of COVID-19 in 2021 in the Omsk region was lower than the national average, mortality from this disease remains the highest in the Siberian Federal District and it exceeded the national average by 1.4 times. To assess the availability of medical care in rural areas, the indicators of the availability of medical personnel and hospital beds were analyzed, showing a steady downward trend.

Conclusion. The results of this study make it possible to identify new directions and initiatives for the development of management strategies to improve the resource capacity of the healthcare system at the federal and regional levels.
Online defect detection on metallic plates using electromagnetic tomography
Authors: Huang Pu , Huang Xiaofei , Peng Gao , Wang Shuliang , Xie Yuedong
Published: February 2024

Metallic samples are widely applied in modern industrial production. Due to non-uniformities in the stress load, such samples may become damaged and produce defects, which can cause unnecessary economic losses. In this paper, an online defect detection method is proposed for the quality
monitoring of metallic plates. The research involves the design and optimisation of an electromagnetic tomography (EMT) sensor and the development of a fast tomography algorithm. Specifically, a planar array eddy current sensor is designed for in-situ structural health monitoring of metallic
specimens. The parameters of the sensor are optimised using an orthogonal methodology and a response surface methodology to improve the uniformity of the sensitivity field. In addition, a second-order iterative Bregman reconstruction algorithm is investigated to reconstruct the defect image,
which can improve the reconstruction speed for this ill-posed problem. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the proposed method can be applied to effectively evaluate the locations and sizes of defects in metallic specimens. The correlation coefficients of the reconstructed images
using the proposed method are larger than 0.8. Compared with traditional reconstruction algorithms, the method proposed in this paper shows fast convergence speed and smaller estimation errors.
Castelao, educador da nación
Authors: De Gabriel Narciso
Published: February 2024

Castelao criticaba o sistema de ensino existente en Galiza polo seu carácter imperialista, e defendía, con criterios políticos e pedagóxicos, a necesidade de que incorporase a cultura e a lingua galegas. Mentres este proposito non se conseguía, os galeguistas, encabezados por Castelao, convertéronse en educadores da nación.
González-Agápito, J. (ed.) (2009), Escoltisme, autoformació i ciutadania activa. Un balanç de cara al futur
Authors: Costa Rico Antón
Published: February 2024

GONZÁLEZ-AGÁPITO, J. (ed.) (2009), Escoltisme, autoformació i ciutadania activa. Un balanç de cara al futur
Elisa y Marcela. Más allá de los hombres.
Authors: Juan Borroy Víctor
Published: February 2024

de Gabriel, Narciso (2010), Elisa y Marcela. Más allá de los hombres
Exploring Information and Support Needs Through TikTok for People with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Bidaburu Matea
Published: February 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading hormonal/endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age with an estimated 116 million women affected worldwide. This heterogeneous disorder might stop or dysregulate menstruation, cause acne and unwanted facial hair, and increase the risk of diabetes and high blood pressure, all of which could impact daily life. Given the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, we understand PCOS diagnosis and treatment may cause uncertainty in people’s lives. People may cope with uncertainty through information seeking and social support.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the information and support shared and received about PCOS on the social media platform, TikTok.

Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional analysis was conducted between October 12 and October 21, 2022. Video content was grouped in main topics determined by content creator, PCOS-related symptoms, and theoretical considerations, and was analyzed to determine the most popular content based on likes, comments, and views.

Results: Hirsutism and menstruation were the most shared and sought out topics for people with PCOS. The most common content creators were 25-45 years old females, sharing a personal experience. The most common video content was information being shared about PCOS. Additionally, the highest proportion of videos were the ones that mentioned patient dissatisfaction including messages about weight (32.3%), menstruation (22.6%) or infertility/pregnancy (22.6%).

Conclusion: People with PCOS, health care professionals, and family/friends of those with PCOS utilize TikTok to share and receive information and support about PCOS. To improve one’s well-being, especially when dealing with the uncertainty of PCOS, accurate anticipatory guidance, positive social support, and access to correct information are vital to mediate the relationship between stressors and healthful outcomes. There is potential to improve the satisfaction rates of patients with their physicians; we can start by tailoring conversations towards the most common topics in which people with PCOS are interested.
Black Phosphorus Ink Formulation for Aerosol Jet Printing
Authors: Muramutsa Florent
Published: February 2024

As the demand for data-driven technologies such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things increases, the value of data centers rises. However, the cost of optical interconnects that convert optical signals to electrical signals and vice versa limits the bandwidth in these data centers. Historically the optoelectronic materials of group III–V semiconductor materials are grown using epitaxy and transferred to silicon microelectronics using robotic pick-and-place technology. This costly method restricts the large-scale production of on-chip optoelectronic components such as diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. In this dissertation, we investigated the potential of black phosphorus (BP) as a material for optoelectronic devices and aerosol jet printing (AJP) as a viable deposition method. AJP-compatible inks were synthesized by mixing liquid-phase exfoliated HEBM BP flakes with isopropanol and 2-butanol solvents. The resulting printed thin films of HEBM BP exhibited photoluminescence emission suitable for optically pumped devices. Similarly, exfoliated single-crystal BP flakes were mixed with isopropanol, water, and 2-butanol to produce an AJP-compatible ink. Thin films printed on SiO2 with chemical vapor transport grown BP (CVT-BP) inks exhibited photoluminescence emission and electrical properties suitable for optically and electrically pumped optoelectronic devices. We demonstrate that these inks can be printed on various surfaces, such as flexible polyimide, glass, conformal quartz tubes, pre-deposited graphene, and WS2. We examined the relationship between BP's microstructure and its electrical and optical properties using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Using a previously established analytical density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU) model, we purified polydisperse converted-BP dispersions into monolayer dispersions to exploit the layer-dependent bandgap of BP. In addition, we demonstrated that cascade centrifugation and tangential flow filtration (TFF) could be used to generate larger quantities of purified samples. We show that combining cascade centrifugation and TFF BP is an effective solution processing method for BP inks by enabling purification, surfactant removal, solvent exchange, and dispersion concentration. Our results indicate that AJP-printed BP has the potential to function as an active material in optoelectronic devices.
Authoritarian Tendencies in the American Presidency
Authors: Serros Erica
Published: February 2024

This thesis attempts to determine if authoritarian tendencies are becoming more or less prevalent in the modern American presidency. Presidential and authoritarian scholars agree that authoritarianism is trending in a more insidious manner in the modern world and that most democracies today are being subverted more inconspicuously by elected officials. The most powerful checks on the power of the president are Congress and the judicial branch, two institutions that do exercise their constitutionally granted powers in some cases, but do not always exert their power in solidarity, leading to discrepancies in the constraint of the president. The presence of conflict leads to the most prevalent usurpation of presidential power, which is unequivocally war powers violations. Through a historical qualitative methodology, I have elaborated upon the major authoritarian tendencies of each modern president, starting with FDR and ending with Donald Trump. There is also a clear distinction between the expansion of state institutions and true attempts to aggrandize the power of the executive which are elaborated upon when necessary. My research has found that authoritarian tendencies absolutely fluctuate in the modern presidency but that the presidents who exhibit the highest degree of authoritarian tendencies are those who serve during times of crisis and conflict. The tendencies of the president to usurp power and disparage democracy came to its zenith under President Donald Trump, who is an anomaly both in his rise to power and his justifications for authoritarian actions. The conclusions that can be drawn from this historical perspective are that even in times of conflict and duress, Congress and the judicial branch must consistently uphold their constitutional responsibility to constrain the president.
Assessing Illegal Shooting of Birds Along Power Lines
Authors: Thomason Eve C.
Published: February 2024

Birds found dead near power lines typically are assumed to have died from electrocution. However, birds die from many causes, and inaccurate diagnosis of cause of death undermines law enforcement, management, threat assessment, and mitigation. We used field and necropsy data from dead birds collected along 196 km of power lines in four western USA states in 2019 – 2022 to test the assumption that electrocution is the leading cause of death of birds on power lines. Of 175 birds with a known cause of death, 66% died from gunshot, whereas only 17% died from electrocution or by trauma. To address the issue, law enforcement and resource managers need to understand where, when, and why illegal shooting occurs. Therefore, we examined spatial and temporal patterns in illegal shooting along power lines in the Morley Nelson Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area in Idaho, USA, in 2021-2022 to evaluate two hypotheses for potential drivers of illegal shooting of protected nongame birds. These hypotheses were (a) that illegal shooting was the consequence of a premeditated activity; and (b) that illegal shooting was an opportunistic event associated with other legal recreational activity (these two hypotheses are not mutually exclusive). Shot birds were often found in clumped spatial patterns, with many birds shot in relatively short timespans. At times there were multiple shot birds beneath the same power pole, at contiguous poles, and along consecutive segments of power lines. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that illegal shooting was premeditated. There was also strong evidence that illegal shooting was associated with legal recreational activity. For example, most illegal shooting occurred in the spring, which coincided with a peak period of legal recreational shooting, and illegal shooting ceased during periods with low recreational shooting activity. Furthermore, the locations of some illegally shot birds were in recreational shooting “hotspots.” Although past mitigation to reduce avian deaths along power lines has focused almost exclusively on reducing electrocutions and collisions, today, addressing illegal shooting may have greater relevance for conservation and design of electrical infrastructure.
Severity Measures for Assessing Error in Automatic Speech Recognition
Authors: Whetten Ryan
Published: February 2024

A common metric for evaluating Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is Word Error Rate (WER) which solely takes into account discrepancies at the word-level. Although WER is useful, it is not guaranteed to correlate well with intelligibility or performance on downstream tasks that make use of ASR. Meaningful assess- ment of ASR mistakes becomes even more important in high-stake scenarios such as health-care. I propose 2 general measures to evaluate the quality or severity of mistakes made by ASR systems, one based on sentiment analysis and another based on text embeddings. Both have the potential to overcome the limitations of WER. I evaluate these measures on simulated patient-doctor conversations. Measures of severity based on sentiment ratings and text embeddings correlate with human ratings of severity. Measures based on text embeddings have the capability to predict human severity ratings better than WER. These measures are used in metrics in the overall evaluation of 5 ASR engines alongside WER. Results show that these metrics capture characteristics of ASR errors that WER does not. Furthermore, I train an ASR system using severity as a penalty in the loss function and demonstrate the potential for using severity not only in the evaluation, but in the development of ASR. Advantages and limitations of this methodology are analyzed and discussed.
Spontaneous tension pneumothorax: a devastating consequence of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Kadir Yolanda , Safitri Elok Ariyani
Published: February 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) was the world’s second leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, with mortality reaching 50% in untreated cases. It has been acknowledged as a potential cause of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. A 57-year-old male presented to emergency department due to shortness of breath since 12 hours before admission. He had a history of chronic cough along with significant weight loss. He was cachexic and fully alert, with normal blood pressure, tachypnea, and slight tachycardia. Decreased breath sounds on the right hemithorax was noted. Chest x-ray revealed right tension pneumothorax and active pulmonary TB. Emergency needle decompression was performed with 14-gauge intravenous catheter. Unfortunately, he died eight hours later following a cardiac arrest. Occurrence of spontaneous tension pneumothorax in TB involves several mechanisms such as pleural porosity, chronic inflammation, and alveolar rupture. Compensatory mechanisms including gradual tachycardia, respiratory rate elevation, along with increasingly negative contralateral intrathoracic pressures could preserve venous return, serving as protective factors against hypotension until the late stages. Late presentation of 12 hours after the first onset might contribute to enormous air leak that could not be effectively managed by needle decompression. Undiagnosed and untreated TB could lead to morbid consequence such as tension pneumothorax, highlighting the importance of TB detection within the community. Clinicians should be aware of variations in the clinical presentation of tension pneumothorax as compensatory mechanisms may hinder the diagnosis at initial presentation. Strategic approaches are imperative to reinforce our commitment to eliminate TB by 2030.
Osteochondroma arising from posterior superior iliac spine: A case report of unusual cause of low back pain
Authors: Pothu Sudheer Kumar , Mereddy Praveen , Lingutla Kiran Kumar
Published: February 2024

Low-back pain is the most common symptom encountered in orthopaedic spine out-patient practice. In young adults, the usual causes are soft tissue injuries, myofascial pain, annular tear of the intervertebral disc, sacroiliitis and spondyloarthropathies. We report a case of 20-year-old skeletally mature male presenting with chronic low back pain who was treated symptomatically elsewhere. He presented to us for second opinion and upon clinical assessment, he was diagnosed to have osteochondroma arising from the right postero-superior iliac spine. Osteochondromas are osteo-cartilaginous benign tumour with 1% malignant potential seen in adolescents and young adults. They usually arise from the metaphysis of long bones around the knee and occasionally reported in humerus, spine and pelvis. These lesions are mostly asymptomatic and found incidentally. En-bloc excision of the tumor is recommended for symptomatic osteochondromas. Clinicians should be aware of atypical pelvic osteochondromas which can present as extra-spinal cause of chronic low back pain.
Suggestions and solutions to improve standard physiotherapy treatment of care in India
Authors: Thiyagarajan Alagappan
Published: February 2024

Physiotherapy profession is a vital component of healthcare in India, yet several challenges impede the delivery of high-quality treatment. This abstract explores key hindrances such as limited access to quality education, inadequate regulatory oversight, resource constraints, and shortages of skilled professionals. Financial barriers, low public awareness, and geographic disparities further complicate the landscape. To address these issues, collaborative efforts are essential, including strengthening education programs, improving regulatory frameworks, and enhancing infrastructure. Initiatives to increase public awareness, foster interdisciplinary collaboration, and mitigate financial barriers are crucial. Overcoming bureaucratic challenges, addressing geographic disparities, and promoting research and innovation will contribute to a more robust physiotherapy landscape. By actively addressing these hindrances, stakeholders can collectively work towards ensuring patients receive optimal physiotherapy treatment, promoting overall health and well-being.
CIMA Brief #24: Are Gender Gaps Increasing in the Caribbean?
Authors: Thailinger Agustina , Beuermann Diether
Published: February 2024

The Caribbean region has made considerable progress in educational outcomes, achieving a secondary enrollment above 80 percent. However, there are still significant challenges in learning results, as shown by the relatively low passing rates in the Caribbean Secondary Examination Certificate (CSEC). Moreover, the growing gender gaps in educational attainment and completion in favor or girls do not translate to the labor market, as outcomes for women are worse than those for men.
Educação mediada e afeto
Authors: Silva Jr. Jader Lúcio da , Farbiarz Alexandre
Published: February 2024

Propomos neste artigo examinar a influência da comunicação midiática na sociabilidade e produção de sentidos, refletindo sobre a dimensão afetiva na construção do conhecimento. Pensando a experiência estética, delineamos tanto as transformações promovidas pelas tecnologias midiáticas na educação, quanto as implicações sociais e culturais decorrentes da apropriação, por professores, dos espaços mediados por plataformas. Partindo do pressuposto de que a comunicação desempenha um papel central nas relações humanas, exploramos os conceitos de midiatização e cotidiano na linguagem estética das plataformas sociais, em especial o Instagram. Após confluência teórica, realizamos uma análise qualitativa descritiva da entrevista em profundidade com os educadores influenciadores digitais @carolmendonca e @professornoslen. Como resultados, apontamos reflexões sobre o fenômeno de influência digital pelos professores partindo da esfera afetiva e da interação como produtoras de sentidos e conhecimentos em Comunicação.
A single session of hip abductors resistance exercise until failure changes shank muscle activation during landing tasks
Authors: Cemin Fabrício , Chaffe Luiza P. , Nodari Camila , Borges Iury , Fitarelli Luan , Bianchesse Jean , Junior Cléber S. O. , Rodrigues Rodrigo
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND: Weakness in the hip abductors can lead to lower limb misalignment and an elevated risk of injury. This can result in compensatory mechanisms at the ankle to maintain stability.
AIM: To verify the effects of a single session of hip abductors resistance exercise until failure on the foot pronation and EMG amplitude of shank muscles (peroneus longus - PL; tibialis anterior - TA) during landing tasks.
METHOD: Seventeen participants completed single-leg and double-leg landings both before and after a single session of hip abductors resistance exercise until failure. The exercise consisted of four sets of 10 repetitions maximum, with a 2-minute rest interval between each set. Measurements of PL and TA EMG amplitude and degree of foot pronation were performed during landings.
RESULTS: We observed a greater degree of supination of the foot during single-leg compared to double-leg landing (p=0.006), without effect of exercise. Regarding TA EMG amplitude, there was no exercise effect (p=0.951), with a higher amplitude observed in double-leg compared to single-leg landing (p=0.001). EMG amplitude of PL was higher during single-leg compared to double-leg landing (p=0.003) and the exercise significantly reduced its activation in both tasks (p=0.032).
CONCLUSION: Single-leg and double-leg landings exhibited variations in mechanics and activation patterns of the distal muscles. Following a single session of hip abductors resistance exercise until failure, there was a reduction in PL activation during landing tasks. This suggests that there were neuromuscular compensations occurring distally due to alterations in the hip abductor muscles.
Arte Correio no século XXI
Authors: Costa Robson Xavier da , Lucena Eduardo Gomes de
Published: February 2024

A arte correio é um importante movimento artístico em rede que promove diálogos internacionais desde os anos 1960 e 1970 em torno do artivismo político e da inserção da produção artística outsider nos sistemas não artísticos. Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre os processos e trajetórias das vanguardas artísticas modernistas por meio da Arte Correio que culminaram na Arte Conceitual e nos Arquivos de Artista, a partir do estudo da formação de um arquivo de artista dedicado à Arte Correio, o projeto Embaixada do Brasil de Arte Postal, proposto pelos coletivos Ecatú Ateliê e Coletivo 308. Como resultado, analisamos os dez anos de atuação desta proposta artística, trazendo histórias, relatos e números referentes às proposições desenvolvidas, com convocatórias e exposições.
Museu do Cordel de Caruaru
Authors: Pizzignacco Milla Maués Pelúcio , Iumatti Paulo Teixeira
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo são expostos os processos de formação e manutenção do Museu do Cordel Olegário Fernandes (Caruaru-PE) à luz dos contextos sociais, históricos e políticos que os produzem. Objetiva-se analisar de que maneira a Fundação de Cultura do município vem se relacionando com esta instituição de origem popular, circunscrevendo a forma como seu patrimônio integral vem sendo incluído ou preterido das e nas políticas culturais de fomento e salvaguarda das manifestações locais. Nessa direção, debate-se como a ausência da participação do Estado pode determinar a vulnerabilização de coleções, de seus produtores e, assim, da função social dos Museus. Por fim, defendem-se as formulações da Museologia Social como profícuas para o empreendimento de uma atitude decolonial em relação ao patrimônio museal, capaz de inseri-lo no campo dos direitos. Metodologicamente, o texto apoia-se em revisão bibliográfica, trabalho de campo e entrevistas semiestruturadas.