bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global variation in zooplankton niche divergence: Evidence of environmental and trait signals for calanoid copepods
Authors: McGinty Niall , Irwin Andrew J.
Published: April 2024

Ocean warming has led to significant changes for marine zooplankton.
Modelling responses to climate change assume that zooplankton respond
uniformly with little adaptation (niche conservatism). Oceanic barriers,
local adaptation and genetic variation in cosmopolitan species could
drive niche divergence between same species populations. We assess niche
divergence among 325 globally distributed species across the five main
ocean basins. There were 487 diverged niches out of 1124 ocean basin
comparisons. The proportion of diverged niches varied both across and
within phyla. Calanoida (133 of 325 species) were used to test the
likelihood of niche divergence between same species population across
environmental gradients. Niche divergence was more likely to occur in
species that occupy colder waters and in shallower depths. Niche
divergence was more likely for larger ominivore-herbivores than smaller
sized carnivores. This study demonstrates adaptive potential across
environmental-niche gradients, which must be considered when modelling
population responses to climate change.
Morphology reconstruction of Nikel Cobalt layered double hydroxides induced by electrolyte concentrations triggers high performance of supercapacitive storage
Authors: Lei WenTao , Liu Shaobo , Liu Qi , Zou Xingjian , Xia Hui
Published: April 2024

Nikel Cobalt layered double hydroxides (NiCo LDHs) have emerged as ideal
electrode materials for supercapacitor due to their high specific
surface area and excellent cycling stability. Morphology control plays a
unique role in regulating the performance of NiCo LDHs, but there are
rare reports to regulate the morphology during energy storage. Herein,
the morphology of NiCo-LDHs electrode is optimized for enhancing energy
storage by simple activation process with different t concentrations of
the electrolyte. During the activation process, electrochemical
morphology reconstructed occurs on the electrode surface. With2 M KOH
electrolyte the NiCo-LDH electrode transforms from nanosheets to
nanoflower, which aids in reducing the distance of ion transport. The
reconstructed NiCo-LDH (NiCo-LDH-2) exhibits an ultra-high specific
capacitance of 5428 F g-1 at a current density of 1 A g-1, outperforming
most of NiCo LDHs. Even at a high current density of 10 A g-1, the
capacitance retention rate remains above 77.6% after 1000
charge-discharge cycles. The strategy proposed in the study, which
involves concentration-controlled morphology optimization for energy
storage enhancement, holds great practical significance for the field of
supercapacitors.
Epithelioid sarcoma: the challenge of providing the optimal treatment.
Authors: Fatma Saadallah , Ines Zemni , Sarra Ben Ltaief , Ons Krimi , Houcine Yoldoz , Lamia Naija , Maher Slimen , Tarak Ben Dhiab
Published: April 2024

Epithelioid sarcoma are rare malignant mesenchymal tumors that affect
mostly young males in the distal part of extremities. They are
frequently treated initially with incomplete resection because of their
clinically slow-growing benign pattern. Heterogeneity in pathological
presentation of epithelioid leads to frequent misdiagnosis that affects
survival. This report describes the clinical course and management of a
58-year-old man who presented with epithelioid sarcoma in the shoulder
girdle. The case was misdiagnosed initially as a benign lesion and then,
at the local recurrence, as a carcinoma. The patient is free of
recurrence and metastases 4 years after a large resection of the
axillary lymph recurrence sacrificing the axillary vein followed by
radiation.
Roegneria yenchiana: a new species in the Triticeae (Poaceae) from the Hengduan Mountain Region
Authors: Sha Li-Na , Liang Xiao , Zhang Xin-Yi , Gao Shan , Zhang Yue , Zhou Hong , Fan Xing
Published: April 2024

Roegneria yenchiana sp. nov. (Triticeae) is described as a new species
collected from Shangri-la of Yunnan Province in China based on
morphological, cytological, and molecular data. It is morphologically
characterized by one spikelet per node, rectangular glums, awns flanked
by two short mucros in lemmas, which is distinguished from other species
of Roegneria. The genomic in situ hybridization results indicate that R.
yenchiana is an allotetraploid, and its genomic constitution is StY.
Phylogenetic analyses based on multiple loci suggested that R. yenchiana
is closely related to Pseudoroegneria and Roegneria, and the
Pseudoroegneria served as the maternal donors during its polyploid
speciation.
Path and cost optimization using genetic algorithm: an application perspective
Authors: Ali Yousaf , Shah Syed Waqar , Muhammad Gul , Khan Wasim Ahmed
Published: April 2024

Genetic Algorithm is an optimization technique inspired by nature. The technique has been used by scientists and engineers for real-life search and optimization problems. This work makes use of the genetic algorithm for the solution of the traveling salesman problem. This work focuses on real-time problems; the algorithm is used to find the optimum path for sales travelers inside the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. The solution provides the shortest distance between the cities to be traveled and gives the optimal route. The coding is done in Python-3 and software is developed for the traveling salesmen, where the salesmen can select the cities, they want to travel, and the software will provide the optimal path and the distance.
Secure digital wallet by using QR code: mapping of mobile payment in partially connected environment
Authors: Khan Muhammad Abid , Raza Akhtar , Ahsan Kamran , Irshad Sana
Published: April 2024

Mobile payment is rising attention worldwide to pay for items from sender to receiver. QR (Quick Response) code technology relies on scan-and-pay techniques, does not require specific hardware, and allows a sender to easily scan the destination address of the payment directly from the receiver’s smartphone. Existing QR (Quick Response) Code-based payment solutions require full internet connectivity for transactions. Sometimes, the user does not have internet for mobile payment. To resolve this issue an innovative hybrid method is proposed which uses web and mobile-based applications for E-payment and transactions using QR (Quick Response) Code in a partially connected environment. Online senders can pay by scanning the QR code provided by the offline receiver. A prototype of the proposed model has been developed as Cloud Sarafa System (CSS) which offers a flexible solution.  A Prototype of the proposed model tested via use cases and test cases. Data was collected from 350 participants to evaluate the performance report against the prototype of the proposed model which endorsed positive.
Workability and strength of recycled aggregate concrete reinforced with nylon fibers
Authors: Jokhio Naeem Ahmed , Memon Bashir Ahmed , Malah Sajid Ali , Oad Mahboob , Memon Muneeb Ayoub , Bhanbhro Riaz Ahmed
Published: April 2024

The demolishing waste generated due to demolishing of the structures has proved difficult to handle due to scarcity of the dumping space particularly in urban areas. Its use in new concrete solves the problem to some extent but developed products differ in properties both at fresh and hardened states. To overcome the deficiency nylon fibers are proposed in this work. The compressive and tensile strength of the proposed concrete at a hardened state and workability as fresh properties of concrete are studied. Conventional and recycled aggregates were used in equal proportions. Nylon fibers of 1 mm diameter and 25 mm length were used from 0.25% to 2% with a 0.25% increment in each successive batch were used. Using 1:2:4 mix with water cement ratio equal to 0.5, a total of 10 mixes were designed. The workability of each mix was evaluated by the slump cone test. Water curing for 28 days was used for five samples in each batch. Compressive and tensile strength were computed from the crushing load determined in the universal testing machine. Comparison of the results with those of control concrete revealed that 1.5% of nylon fibers along with 50% recycled aggregates produce maximum compressive strength of 930.16 (MPa) with 24% more than conventional concrete (24.16 MPa) and 56% more than recycled aggregate concrete (19.27 MPa) without nylon fibers. The tensile strength of the proposed concrete (3.66 MPa) was noticed 22% and 55% higher than the conventional concrete (3.0 MPa) and recycled aggregate concrete (2.36 MPa) at optimum dosage. Hence the impact of optimized doze of the nylon fiber shows improved strength properties of the concrete.
Weight reduction analysis of a four-door passenger car using computer-aided modelling and experimental investigation
Authors: Akbar Faraz , Rahman Zia Ur
Published: April 2024

The door of a passenger car is one of the key components used for the safety of passengers from side collisions. Mostly car doors are made of Steel that increase the overall weight of the vehicle since steel is the primary metal used for the construction of door. The main objective of this research is to replace Steel material of a car door with low-cost automotive materials such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, and carbon fibre material to perform weight reduction analysis without compromising the strength and safety. A comprehensive theoretical study of the existing car door has been performed with 3D Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models through commercially available software SolidWorks. Results of this research work revealed that by selecting the appropriate engineering materials of the doors for a commercially available passenger car, the overall weight reduced to 45% when used aluminium material and 64% when used magnesium and carbon-fibre materials compared to the total weight of four doors made of typical steel material. Furthermore, reduction in fuel consumption and CO2 emission was also obtained by reducing the overall weight of the passenger car doors. Lastly, the performance was measured through power-to-weight ratio (PWR) analysis for steel and aluminium which revealed that the latter material was more economical and lighter in weight than the former material.
Electrical power projects: the role of risk management and reliability
Authors: Akbar Faraz , Rahman Zia Ur
Published: April 2024

The management of power outages caused by severe weather disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes, and weather disturbances is critical in power transmission and distribution systems. The transmission system is the key to any power system and can trigger severe or significant effects if it fails. Different causes of fires, extreme weather conditions, ageing components, poor maintenance and malfunctions, human error, mal-operative procedures, and high operating network variables may cause transmission components to fail. System reliability is the probability that, despite component failures, a system remains available or functional. Risk management of the failures describes it. There are several methods to predict the failure rate, including exponential and Bayesian distributions. In this study, Poisson distribution forecasted the outage patterns for transmission and distribution networks for one and five years. A probability distribution function generated this pattern. Moreover, previous data were obtained from the National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA). On comparing the acquired results with previous outage data, it was reported that the average outages in the transmission system were 567. The average outages in the distribution system stood at 37 for five years with a 100% confidence level. However, the probability of getting 620 transmission outages and 50 distribution outages was the highest in the probability distribution function for five years. Poisson distribution proved to be a useful tool to assess the transmission and distribution system reliability by estimating the failure rate over the years. It would allow the risk professionals to schedule, reduce, and track the systems’ risks. It would also help to improve the system’s reliability.
Enhancing potato crop yield with AI-powered CNN-based leaf disease detection and tracking
Authors: Iftikhar Mudassir , Kandhro Irfan Ali , Kehar Asadullah , Kausar Neha
Published: April 2024

While plant diseases continue to have a severe impact on food production, farmers face a formidable challenge in trying to meet the escalating demands of a population that is expanding quickly for agricultural items like potatoes. Despite spending billions on disease management, farmers frequently struggle to effectively control disease without the aid of cutting-edge technology. The paper examines a disease diagnosis method based on deep learning. To be more precise, it uses a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) method for the disease's detection and classification. This study examines the impact of data augmentation while conducting an extensive performance evaluation of the hyper-parameter in the setting of detecting plant diseases with a focus on potatoes. The experimental findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested model's 98% accuracy. Considering growing global issues, this research aims to open new pathways for more efficient plant disease management and, eventually, increase agricultural output.
Comparison of mechanical and comfort properties of natural fiber-based spacer fabrics for shoe insole
Authors: Umair Muhammad , Shah Ambar , Basra Sikander Abbas , Jamshaid Hafsa
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study is to develop an improved shoe insole that enhances heat and moisture transmission (thermo-physiological comfort) qualities, as well as its mechanical characteristics, through the utilization of weft knitting spacer fabric. Two samples were prepared. One sample was comprised of Tri-Blend knitted fabric layers, while the other sample was made using cotton knitted fabrics in both layers. These layers, in both samples, were connected by spacer yarns of monofilament nylon. Tri-blend fabric was made from Bamboo (80%), flax (15%), and polypropylene (5%). Monofilament nylon was used in spacer layer. Thermo-physiological comfort testing i.e., air permeability, moisture management and thermal resistance test were performed for all the samples. The investigation also established the correlation between the mechanical properties, such as puncture resistance and tactile comfort, of footwear materials and their interaction with the human body. The prepared samples of shoe insole were also compared with the commercially available insoles made from synthetic materials. The outcome of the study suggests that the natural fiber spacer fabric can be used as an alternative to rubber. In conclusion, the results of this study offer valuable insights for product developers seeking sustainable alternatives that can meet consumer demands for both wearability and comfort.
Online structural health monitoring of polymer composite structure using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)
Authors: Aslam Sarmad , Rajput Abdul Waqar , Abbas Amir , Aleem Anwar Ul , Aslam Saad
Published: April 2024

A mechanism for online structural health monitoring of composite structure was established by developing highly sensitive strain gauges based on colloidal Gold Nano Particles (AuNPs). They were synthesized using well known Turkevich-Frens method followed by phase transfer in chloroform using surfactant Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Flexible Strain gauges / smart sensors were formed by mixing colloidal AuNPs-chloroform solution in polystyrene (PS) – chloroform solution and depositing their thick paste on hand-made flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film. These sensors were used as strain gauges on composite substrates for tensile testing. The developed AuNP based strain gauges were found to have 10 times higher sensitivity than normal metal foil strain gauges.
Fabrication of electrospun ultrafine fibreous membrane and their application in paraben adsorption
Authors: Shah Zakir Hussain , Memon Najma , Khatri Zeeshan , Korejo Kifayatullah , Samoo Muhammad Siddique , Channa Abdul Majid
Published: April 2024

Electrospinning provides a simple and versatile method for generating ultrafine fibers from a rich variety of materials that include polymers, composites, and ceramics. Find applications in various fields, including tissue engineering, filter media, reinforcement in nanocomposites, and micro/nano-electro-mechanical systems. In this study the polystyrene fibers in 10%, 20% and 30% (w/v) in THF: DMF solvents were characterized by ATR-FTIR, AFM and SEM. The obtained fibers exhibited a smooth surface with fine structures, emphasizing a ribbon-like morphology with bead-like features within the range of 3 µm to 5 µm in diameter. The aim of this study was to extract the parabens at optimized conditions such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time and the elution of solvent. To examine the mechanism of adsorption kinetics, the two most commonly used kinetics models (pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order) were employed to test experimental data along with the Morris-Weber diffusion model. The obtained data showed that the maximum sorption efficiency obtained at pH 3.0, adsorbent dose optimized as 10 mg of fiber with time of 24 hours, the methanol was sufficient to elute paraben from fibers met. The experimental data of the adsorption followed by first-order reaction with a mass transfer-controlled diffusion mechanism
CNN and LSTM based hybrid deep learning model for sentiment analysis on Arabic text reviews
Authors: Ahmad Shakeel , Saqib Sheikh Muhammad , Syed Asif Hassan
Published: April 2024

Companies with diverse product offerings rely on customer reviews to gauge product reception. Following a purchase, customers often share their opinions on the website. Prospective buyers, prior to deciding, typically peruse these reviews to inform their choices. Analysing such feedback, whether positive or negative, holds paramount importance for companies seeking to improve product quality. Researchers are actively exploring methods to categorize comments based on sentiment scores. Notably, customers may express their reviews in Arabic text. Despite challenges such as the structure and morphology of Arabic text, a scarcity of machine-readable Arabic dictionaries, and limited tools for handling Arabic text, minimal progress has been made in the analysis of Arabic reviews. While some attempts have been undertaken, they have achieved suboptimal accuracy. In response, the authors propose a hybrid deep learning model comprising a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) with GlobalMaxPooling. Through multiple iterations, the authors fine-tuned the proposed model and applied it to the publicly available Arabic Reviews dataset, achieving a notable 95% accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results indicate that, when compared to alternative models, the proposed model exhibits superior accuracy.
A novel approach toward optimized image processing using sigma delta modulation
Authors: Pathan Aneela , Memon Tayab D , Aziz Rizwan , Shah Syed Haseeb
Published: April 2024

Image processing has widespread uses practically in every branch of science and arts. Processing images is more difficult than processing sound or data as there are more bits in the high pixel quality image. It requires more space to store the image, more bandwidth to transmit it, and more time and resources to process. An image's complexity may decrease if its bit size is decreased. Sigma-delta modulation, or SDM for short, is an alternative method of minimizing data-word length to compression. Digital signal processing (DSP) systems can be made simpler by using the SDM approach, which was first created for analog to digital conversion (ADC). This paper suggests a novel way to use SDM in MATLAB for improved image processing. Consequently, the suggested single-bit SDM-based image arithmetic architecture is tested and compared with the traditional image arithmetic techniques. Additionally, to see the noisy channel influence on the traditional and proposed systems, some statistical metrics are also studied at different noise variance values, such as signal to noise ratio (SNR), mean square error (MSE), and Peak SNR value. The suggested architecture for the SDM-based image arithmetic precisely matches the addition and subtraction results of the conventional design, even yielding a higher SNR and the same Peak SNR as the traditional methods. In contrast, the outcomes of division and multiplication fall within an acceptable range. For better results the over-sampling ratio (OSR), an inherent characteristic of SDM must be increased at the cost of more processing cycles. Therefore, the trade-off between fewer resources, limited transmission bandwidth, and comparatively more cycles is provided by the SDM-based technique.
Enhancing object detection and classification using deep learning: A novel approach with annotated dataset and YOLO-C3GTR architecture
Authors: Usman Rana Muhammad , Yan Junhua , Mehmood Saqib , Jamil Muhammad
Published: April 2024

In the rapidly evolving field of computer vision, the need for advancements in object detection is paramount. For a variety of reasons, including security, maritime surveillance, and environmental monitoring, the identification and categorization of ships in aerial pictures is an essential component. In this study, two distinctive approaches are proposed to improve the accuracy of ship detection and categorization in satellite imagery. In the beginning, the dataset for ship detection that was provided by Airbus was separated into five distinct categories: oil tanker, bulk carrier, container ship, sand carrier, and general ship class. Setting up this division was done with the idea of increasing the precision of the ship classification in the imagery. Moreover, we deployed the YOLO-C3GTR model, which is part of our Object Detection framework and helped us to distinguish ships using the technique of Object Detection. The application of the methodology that we have proposed has the potential to significantly improve the precision of these systems when they are used in real-world scenarios and to make a novel addition to the field of ship identification and classification. We have used multiple algorithms of YOLOv5 tested on this dataset like TPHYOLOv5, YOLOv5x, YOLOv5l and our proposed architecture YOLO-C3GTR and it surpassed all the existing approaches by the mAP of 0.83. Furthermore, we intend to perform additional research in this field while simultaneously working to improve our technique. A comparison was made between the performance of the model and that of other deep learning approaches. The model was evaluated and trained with the categorized dataset.
Securing industry 5.0 using 6σ CYBERNETIC framework
Authors: Dhirani Lubna Luxmi , Newe Thomas
Published: April 2024

The data-driven digital economy highly relies on immersive and emerging technologies, mass customisation, autonomous systems, and seamless connectivity. Enabling such an Industrial IoT/Industry 5.0 environment requires streamlined and end-to-end transparent methods for insights, visibility, and control. However, it is important to note that its success depends on data security metrics. The recent cyber-attacks in healthcare and industrial infrastructures have led service providers to high-risk scenarios. From supply chain to service delivery, remote functionality variables, enabling a fully connected factory is a major cybersecurity concern as emerging technologies employ different security requirements. To mitigate these risks, strategic, operational, technical, and cybersecurity alignment is a must, where the gaps between the production and process environments must be bridged to achieve the prime goal of a sustainable, secure, and technologically innovative factory. This research provides a systematic approach to bridging Industry 5.0’s QoS metrics and security gaps by implementing a Six Sigma (6σ) approach in a manufacturing environment. The approach further maps IT/OT, cloud, and cybersecurity standards, thereby enabling insights, visibility, and control. A healthcare 5.0 use-case is demonstrated to show how a 6σ implementation can improve the QoS metrics, unifying standards to achieve a secure, sustainable, resilient, and high-performance environment.
The View of “Born Again” Christians on Politics in Nigeria
Authors:   Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology Ikere-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, Akinwumi Olatunji Samuel
Published: April 2024

From time immemorial, discussions involving politics had sparked spontaneous debate in Nigeria. Many people claim that politics is a dirty game that Christians should avoid like plagues, holding the belief that politics is so bad that it will be extremely difficult for genuine Christians to successfully navigate its terrain without soiling their hands in sin. Very few people have drummed their support for Christians involving in politics. The people who maintain this stance also hinge their claims on various biblical injunctions. The focus of this work, therefore, is to examine these two opposing views with the purpose of establishing a position that can enhance development. In view of the nature of this study, historical method is employed in its analysis. The findings of this study, however, reveal that it is the power of productive politics and good governance not the power of fasting and prayers that are the key requirements for sustainable development. The findings further reveal that politics is one of the strategies for survival in Nigeria. If Christians dissociate themselves from it, they will be sending wrong and dangerous signals to the future generation because the risks involved in maintaining the status quo of hating politics is higher than the risk involved in participating in it. The study concludes that Christians can participate in politics as doing so will help them to eliminate the prevailing societal vices and evils. Keywords: Politics, Christians, power, sustainable development, strategy, participate, risk.
THE LEGAL STUDY OF NORMS OF CORNEAL DONOR REGULATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nyoman Yenny Khristiawati , Yulianto Yulianto
Published: April 2024

This research is determined to analyze about Indonesian citizen human rights and constitutional rights as a corneal transplant donors and recipients, also to analyze legal protection for Indonesian citizens. This research is a normative juridical method which is research that discusses about principles in law science, to look for solutions or legal issues to identify the basic meanings of rights and obligations, legal events, legal relations, and legal objects. Using a statute approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. Corneal donor and transplantation in Indonesia is a human right that must be protected and has been regulated in Article 25 of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights and are also emphasized in Article 12 of the International Convention on Economic Social and Cultural Rights. Meanwhile the constitutional rights of Indonesian citizens as donors and recipients of corneal transplants have actually been stipulated in Article 28 H of the 1945 Constitution jo, Article 9, Article 64 Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2 of the Health Law No. 36 of 2009, Article 28 of the Republic of Indonesia Government Regulation Number 53 of 2021, but these regulatory norms still do not provide optimal guarantees for both donors and recipients of corneal transplants.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS ORGANISASI SAYAP PARTAI POLITIK LOKAL DI ACEH
Authors: Jefrie Maulana  , Djusfi Apri Rotin , Aulia Eza
Published: April 2024

The existence of local political party wing organisations in Aceh has not yet received legal legitimacy. This creates legal uncertainty and injustice for local political parties in balancing national political parties so that special rules regarding local political party wing organisations must receive attention from the government. Further review through normative juridical studies by analysing aspects of legal certainty of the rights of local political parties in Aceh in the formation of party wing organisations and their driving factors. The formation of local political party wing organisations in Aceh in terms of statutory rules there is a legal vacuum, namely a situation where there are things that have not been regulated by law. This is in accordance with the adage het recht hink achter de feiten aan, i.e. the law always lags behind reality. Of course, this results in the absence of legal certainty for local political parties regarding the right to establish local political party wing organisations. The driving factor in the formation of local political party wing organisations in Aceh is the urgent need for local political parties to balance national political parties in facing unequal or unbalanced conditions in terms of external support in the form of political machines outside the party.
IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP KONSEP RESTORATIVE JUSTICE PADA PELAKSANAAN DIVERSI (STUDI KASUS DI D. I. YOGYAKARTA)
Authors: Nur Anisah Laili , Hastarini Arvita
Published: April 2024

The concept of restorative justice is the basis for implementing diversion in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Diversion is presented to prevent children in conflict with the law from the bad excesses of the criminal justice system and return the condition of children, victims and communities to the state they were in before the crime occurred. However, based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI), criminal acts committed by children continue to increase every year. This research aims to see whether the concept of restorative justice is achieved or not in the implementation of diversion. The problem studied is whether the implementation of diversion is by the principles of restorative justice seen from the cases studied. If it is not by the principles of restorative justice, are there other alternatives so that the principles of restorative justice are fulfilled? The research used an empirical approach by examining 7 cases of child diversion spread across the Yogyakarta City Police and Sleman Police. Cases were analyzed using 3 principles and 4 values of restorative justice coined by Van Ness and Strong. The results of this research concluded that 5 out of 7 cases did not meet the criteria for the restorative justice concept, the rest did. Other methods are needed that can facilitate the implementation of the principles of restorative justice, namely the approach of the perpetrator's family to the victim's family before implementing diversion, the influence of the victim's parents in the diversion process, and mutually agreed compensation.
PRADUGA TAK BERSALAH DAN PRADUGA BERSALAH DALAM PROSES PENEGAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DI INDONESIA OLEH KEPOLISIAN
Authors: Nakamnanu Manuel Defender
Published: April 2024

The presumption of innocence is one of the principles that provides legal protection for suspects and defendants in the process of enforcing criminal law, but there is also a view that states that in the investigation process it would be more appropriate to apply the presumption of guilt, therefore in this paper the author will further examine the application of the presumption of innocence and presumption of guilt in the criminal law enforcement process in Indonesia by the Police. To answer these problems, the author uses the research method of library research, namely research that utilizes library sources to obtain data in a study. The method of approach is conceptual (conceptual approach) by studying the principles, theories, doctrines, and principles related to the presumption of innocence and the presumption of innocence, and from the results of the research the author concludes that the presumption of innocence must actually be applied in the examination process at the investigation level.
Inventory Management Improvement at PT Inalum, Kuala Tanjung, Sumatra Utara
Authors: Ardiananta Izky , Basri Mursyid Hasan
Published: April 2024

This research aimed to analyze the inventory issue in PT Inalum. The method used in this research is a quantitative method to collect inventory historical data from January 2022 to December 2022 obtained from the company’s ERP SAP. The data contains information of 6028 items of the MRO inventory. The collected data was analyzed using Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Reorder Point (ROP), Safety Stock (SS) and Average Inventory Level (AIL). By using Fixed Order Quantity model, the MRO inventory is calculated to compare the ideal and actual average inventory levels. From the analysis, the researcher found that the MRO inventory in Kuala Tanjung, PT Inalum, has a service level of 0.52, which is still far below the service level target of 0.95. At the same time, PT Inalum has the potential to reduce inventory by USD 5,402,389 or 58.2% of the inventory value. This research aims to provide guidance for the management of PT Inalum in making inventory policies that can increase service levels as well as minimize inventory costs.
Assessing Systematic Risk through Accounting Information: Evidence from the Colombo Stock Exchange
Authors: Randika Paththamperuma Arachchige Don Dilini
Published: April 2024

This study tests whether accounting information significantly influences systematic risk. To operationalization the relationship between the accounting information and systematic risk, a panel data analysis is conducted on stock analysis with a portfolio of higher beta stocks, moderate beta stocks, and lower beta stocks as well as overall stocks among the selected 154 listed companies in the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE). Within this application, the present study seeks to present empirical evidence on the relationship between accounting information and systematic risk in the Colombo Stock Market. The study found that the accounting variables significantly influence systematic risk. While accruals were not significant in influencing systematic risk, moreover, the study suggests accounting variables are well explained in the systematic risk and recommends using accounting-based risk factors other than market-based risk factor models in the Sri Lankan context.
Multiple Disseminated Hydatidosis with Rare Locations: Mediastinal, Pancreatic and Pelvic (Case Report)
Authors: Bennane Wafaa , Moussahim Aziz , Chakir Youness , Soussi Abdallaoui Maha , Fadil Abdelaziz , Aboutaeib Rachid
Published: April 2024

Hydatid disease is an anthropozoonosis due to the development of the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus in the human body, which constitutes a ‘dead-end’ host. It’s a common parasitosis in North African countries and constitutes a public health problem in Morocco. The liver and lung are the most affected while the mediastinum, pancreas and pelvis are rarely affected. We report the case of a 40-year-old patient operated 15 yearsago for cerebral and cervical hydatid cysts and who was hospitalized for  generalized mucocutaneous jaundice. On exploration, we discover the presence of disseminated abdominal hydatidosis with association of 3 rare locations: mediastinal, pancreatic and pelvic. Indirect diagnostic tests were positive: indirect hemagglutination (IHA) and Elisa. The Western blot test also showed the presence of specific bands, thus making it possible to retain the diagnosis of hydatidosis. The hydatid cyst with mediastinal, pancreatic and pelvic location is rare and their association is very exceptional. It is essential to evoke the hydatid origin of any cystic lesion in a patient staying in an endemic area.
Refractive Lens Exchange after Implanted Collamer Lens: A Case Report
Authors: Pemayun Cokorda Istri Dewiyani , Dana I Gusti Ngurah Agung Wisnu Kresnan , Oeiyano Jelly Vianti Fransisca
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Myopia stands as a prevalent ametropic condition. Posing ongoing challenges for ophthalmologists. Surgery to correct refractive errors is a primary intervention for severe myopia, encompassing procedures like the removal of the crystalline lens coupled with the placement of an intraocular lens (IOL), and the insertion of phakic IOL. The Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) is commonly utilized in the posterior chamber but carries potential risks including the disruption of the eye’s normal function, potentially leading to conditions like cataracts and glaucoma.
Methods and Purpose: This case report explains a single case patient with ICL that includes previous clinical condition, current condition, steps of surgical procedure, and follow-up after procedure.
Case Illustration: We present the case of a 66-year-old male patient who came to the hospital for refractive surgery due to a cataract with a history of implantable collamer lens (ICL) for high myopia. Cataract surgery was performed after an explanation of the ICL followed by an implanted capsular tension ring (CTR) and IOL.
Discussion: Several cases of patients using ICL will have complications such as glaucoma and cataracts. Determining ICL design will influence the progression of these complications. An explanation procedure by tuck and pull method is needed for age-related cataract patients.
Conclusion: ICL is a safe procedure for high myopia patients. Explanation of ICL can be performed by several medical conditions.
Determination of Ways of Improving the Process of Separation of Seed Materials on the Working Surface of the Pneumatic Sorting Table
Authors: Bredykhin Vadym , Shchur Taras , Kis-Korkishchenko Liliia , Denisenko Serhii , Ivashchenko Serhii , Marczuk Andrzej , Dzhidzhora Oleg , Kubon Maciej
Published: April 2024

The object of the study is the process of separation of seed material according to the seed density on the working surface of the pneumatic sorting table. The main defining design variables and linkage parameters of the equipment are analyzed, which realizes the process of separation of seed materials, and is coordinated with physical and mechanical variables of raw materials. The principles of modeling of seed material layer movement as a multiphase medium are provided. Under the effect of working surface vibrations and the power of an airstream the layer take on the properties of pseudoliquid. The criteria of chosen variables are presented, on which depend quality and quantity indicators of the separation process of seed materials according to the seed density. Optimal values of the separator linkage parameters are analytically determined and dependence diagrams are built. Secant lines of surfaces for a concrete crop (raw material) are performed. The “purity” of heavy fraction during the variation of indicated parameters is studied. It is proved that there are differences in types of the dependences: different decreasing of functions and increasing of airstream velocity. It is obvious that this nature is determined by difference in density of original raw materials. This way the smallest influence a change in the air-stream velocity causes to soybean raw material, as soybean has the biggest density. At the same time, the biggest affect is provoked on sunflower seeds, which have the smallest density among the used types of raw materials, as well as a triangle form.

It is determined that the maximal frequency of the basic fraction, gained by the separation of wheat seed material on PST, is obtained under the airstream velocity in the range 1.3-1.5 m·s−1. For corn the rational air-stream velocity falls in the range 1.3-1.6 m·s−1, for sunflower – 1.2-1.4 m·s−1, for soybean – 1.2-1.4 m·s−1. These figures are valid under the condition of using the relevant rational decisions of frequency and amplitude of vibrations of pneumatic sorting table deck during the separation of grain mixtures, as well as longitudinal and transverse angles of inclination. The veracity of experimental studying results is proved by the corresponding theoretical models of the process.
Heat and Mass Transfer in Infrared Assisted Heat Pump Drying of Purple Yam
Authors: Kien Pham Van , Tan Nguyen Thanh , Nghia Pham Huu , Nguyen Van Tinh , Duc Le Anh , Hay Nguyen
Published: April 2024

This study focused on an engineering problem of heat and mass transfer in infrared (IR) assisted heat pump (HP) drying of purple yam including both a drying experiment and theory of heat and mass transfer mathematical equations. The experimental drying of yam by the IR assisted HP drying method was performed to evaluate the effect of IR power on drying rate and heating rate. The input drying parameters included the drying air temperature of 50°C, drying air velocity of 2.5 m·s−1 and IR power of 0, 300 and 350 W, in which, at the IR power of 0 W, the HP-only drying mode was performed. The experimental drying results showed that the IR assisted HP drying method could improve the drying rate and heating rate as compared to HP-only drying. At the IR power of 350 W, the drying time was the shortest (150 minutes), followed by the IR power of 300 W (210 minutes) and HP-only drying (300 minutes). The IR assisted HP drying obtained the high heating rate as the time required for the drying material to reach the drying temperature was about 35 and 25 minutes corresponding to the IR power of 300 and 350 W. While in HP-only drying, it took about 270 minutes for the drying material’s temperature to reach nearly the drying air temperature value. Besides, the comparison between the predicted data by numerically solving the heat and mass transfer equations and experimental drying data was also conducted. The analysis results indicated that the predicted data could be used to predict the experimental data accurately. The theoretical results of heat and mass transfer in the IR assisted HP drying process as well as experimental drying results would be the basis for improving the IR assisted HP drying equipment to achieve the drying efficiency including the drying rate, quality of dried products, and energy consumption.
Google Trends of political parties in Europe: a fractal exploration
Authors: Gutierrez-Barroso Josue , Báez-García Alberto Javier , Flores-Muñoz Francisco , Ruiz Medina Luis Javier , Trujillo González Juan Vianney , Padrón-Armas Ana Goretty
Published: April 2024

Google Trends, despite its controversial nature for some authors, can be considered an illustrative tool in exploring the political inclinations of a given audience. In the current European Union context, understanding the views and opinions of the public is of paramount importance. Through the analysis of search trends, Google Trends can provide valuable insights into the popularity of political parties in the context of the European Union along with other jurisdictions and how these trends change over time. Furthermore, by incorporating fractal dimensions and ARFIMA (Autoregressive Fractionally Integrated Moving Average) analysis into the data obtained, it is possible to reveal previously non-evident relationships, thereby providing a more comprehensive understanding of the audience‘s political leanings and their interest in specific political parties. The aim of this exploratory study is to assess the potential of ARFIMA, applied to Google Trends data, in characterizing political parties. Preliminary results indicate that this apparatus can be useful for that purpose.
Note on the compatibility of ICOS, NEON, and TERN sampling designs, different camera setups for effective plant area index estimation with digital hemispherical photography
Authors: Kaha Mihkel , Lang Mait , Zhang Shaohui , Pisek Jan
Published: April 2024

Environmental monitoring networks such as the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) in Europe, the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) in the U.S., or the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) in Australia deploy different sampling schemes for in situ measurements. We report on the intercomparison of measurements of the canopy gap fraction with different digital hemispherical photography setups adopting ICOS, NEON, and TERN sampling schemes. The test was carried out at the Järvselja Radiation Transfer Model Intercomparison (RAMI) birch stand. Results show that spreading out sampling points which cover more of the plot is important for a good representation of the forest as a whole. The NEON tower plot layout scheme may be more prone to errors in overall canopy properties estimation than ICOS or TERN due to its compact sampling layout and should always be used in conjunction with its distributed plots. Different camera setups involving different camera operators, camera bodies, lenses and settings yield slightly varied results, and it is important to ensure that the images are taken in such a way that they would not be over or underexposed, or out of focus. As a conclusion we recommend always to carry out intercomparison measurements with old and new cameras when devices are upgraded. Our study contributes towards establishing the uncertainty and evaluating potential error budget stemming from collecting in situ measurements using different sampling schemes and camera setups.
Hariliku kuuse (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) kändude juurimise tootlikkus juurimisagregaadiga Pallari KH-160 neljal Eesti katsealal
Authors: Kurvits Vahur , Muiste Peeter , Padari Allar , Uri Veiko
Published: April 2024

The aim of this paper was to provide an overview of the productivity of the stump lifting device Pallari KH-160, the distribution of working time, and to assess the dependence of the time and productivity of lifting operations on stump diameter in four different sample areas. Viru and Orguse sample areas were located in the Hepatica site type, Elva sample area in the Oxalis site type, and Rõuge test area in the Myrtillus site type. Viru sample area had smaller stumps compared to the others and had more stumps affected by decay. The highest productivity in terms of dry mass or volume was observed in stump lifting in Rõuge sample area, where 9.8 t of stumps were lifted per hour based on dry mass. The productivity of Viru and Orguse sample areas was lower, but these sample areas are located in the Hepatica site type, characterized by limestone substrates and leached soils. In contrast, Elva and Rõuge test areas are in the Oxalis and Myrtillus site types, respectively, with soils that are predominantly sandy. As the diameter of the stumps increased, the time required per stump increased, but the lifting speed per unit mass also increased. In other words, the productivity of lifting in stands with larger stumps is higher than in stands with smaller stumps. For example, the average productivity of lifting 10 cm diameter stumps is 0.8 t/h, for 20 cm stumps it is 2.2 t/h, and for 60 cm stumps it is 11.8 t/h.