bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial LOGOS 54
Authors: Paleologo Diego
Published: February 2025

O contexto faz estremecer a vida e precisamos aprender a caminharsobre a instabilidade.No desenrolar dos acontecimentos provocados pelo novo corona vírus(covid-19 ou vírus SARSCOv-2), nos deparamos com uma pluralidade deencerramentos e possibilidades, como no filme Doutor Estranho (ScottDerrickson, 2016), a intensa abertura e fechamento de mundos, portais,espaços e tempos. Diante das vertiginosas reviradas de perspectivas, muitosefetivamente se mantiveram em casa, outros adotaram medidas preventivase flexíveis e, ainda alguns outros, recusaram os perigos e avisos e seguiramcomo se o mundo ainda fosse o mesmo de Outubro ou Novembro de 2019.Narrativas audiovisuais, literaturas, novas e velhas mídias, geopolíticas,questões raciais, feministas, LGBTQIA+, indígenas, de classe, e tantas outrasemergem como discursos e lutas afiadas no redemoinho das histórias.Os pensamentos seguiram o confuso fluxo das coisas e dos movimentoshumanos: desaceleraram, sideraram, caíram em vertigem, aceleraram maisuma vez.
Traços sobreviventes: uma reflexão sobre o conceito Pathosformel nas charges
Authors: Soares de Almeida Paulo Henrique
Published: February 2025

o artigo tem por objetivo discutir como o conceito Pathosformel de Aby Warburg (2015) pode ser trabalhado nas charges, ampliando a noção temporal dessas imagens por meio da sua relação com a cultura visual e memória. Para isso, analisamos três trabalhos do cartunista Carlos Latuff sob a metodologia da Análise Crítica da Narrativa, observando, no plano de expressão, os traços e os gestos que se repetem. Como resultado, percebe-se que as charges, mesmo sendo a representação de um acontecimento ou um fato do cotidiano, possuem um estatuto temporal próprio, muitas vezes contrário à noção de tempo linear e cronológico no qual é sempre analisada.
Comunicação, futebol e antifascismo: a cobertura jornalística das manifestações políticas de rua de torcedores organizados em 2020
Authors: Lopes Felipe Tavares Paes , Marcello Murilo Aranha Guimarães
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo, objetivamos compreender como integrantes de torcidas organizadas foram simbolicamente construídos em matérias jornalísticas sobre as manifestações de rua a favor da democracia e contra o avanço da extrema direita realizadas em meados de 2020. A fim de alcançar esse objetivo, realizamos uma análise de discurso de orientação construcionista de matérias publicadas na Folha de S. Paulo, no Estado de S. Paulo e nos portais G1 e R7. Entre outras coisas, essa análise nos mostrou que essas matérias associaram, direta ou indiretamente, esses integrantes ao exercício da cidadania. Por outro lado, os associaram, em diversos momentos, a práticas violentas e a tomadas de posição irresponsáveis.
O Chão de Estrelas e a regência da alegria: música, dança e heterotopias dissidentes
Authors: Wlian Luiz Fernando , Mendes de Barros Laan
Published: February 2025

Músicas em cinema são potências afetivas capazes de reconfigurar o espaço e promover novos universos sensíveis que mobilizam tanto os corpos em cena quanto os corpos dos espectadores. Buscamos no presente trabalho observar como se dão essas potências quando apropriadas por sensibilidades dissidentes. De que formas a música pode mobilizar afetos capazes de erigir um outro espaço, ou uma heterotopia dissidente. A partir de uma discussão sobre música, dança e heterotopia ligados à experiência estética, analisamos momentos musicais do longa-metragem Tatuagem (Hilton Lacerda, 2013), observando de que formas os corpos em cena engendram performances que demonstram novas formas de agir ética, estética e politicamente frente ao mundo e suas normas.
Laçaço – (re)performar o afeto
Authors: Meirinho Daniel
Published: February 2025

Laçaço foi uma ação colaborativa e "tática" coletiva que surgiu do questionamento da relação entre arte, corpo, cidade e do afrouxamento dos laços de afeto aí implicados. Trata-se de uma documentação fotográfica e expansão visual da intervenção performática de apropriação simbólica do Forte dos Reis Magos, marco inicial da cidade de Natal.
Shine bright like a diamond: o momento qualquer como operação estética e política de desierarquização do tempo em Bande de Filles
Authors: Marconi Dieison
Published: February 2025

Este artigo toma como ponto de partida um conjunto de cenas cinematográficas em que sujeitos deslocados, empobrecidos ou precarizados estão a dançar. Nestas cenas, a dança é um micro evento do cotidiano ou uma ação prosaica de pessoas comuns em filmes de cunho realista. No entanto, suspeita-se que este gesto banal ou ordinário de dançar é passível de ser investigado, a partir do que propõe Jacques Rancière, como um “momento qualquer” de emancipação fabulada. Assim, junto ao longa-metragem Bande de Filles (Céline Sciamma, 2014), o artigo investiga como as cenas de dança figuradas pela imagem fílmica podem ser compreendidas enquanto um “momento qualquer” que irrompe as “hierarquias do tempo” e possibilita que os sujeitos “apareçam” de outra maneira que não aquela já indexada pelo regime da polícia.
As organizações modernas e o contemporâneo: notas para uma leitura comunicacional do presente
Authors: Mafra Rennan Lanna Martins
Published: February 2025

Em tom ensaístico, o texto aposta numa problematização do contemporâneo pelo estatuto comunicacional das organizações modernas, aqui tomadas pela égide de três estratos relacionais - Estado, Mercado, Ciência -, instituidores de espaços de experiência pelo epicentro da ideologia do progresso. Ao considerar o contemporâneo como cronótopo atravessado pela crise de tal ideologia, o texto sugere como tais organizações tornam-se ambientes privilegiados à leitura comunicacional do presente, a partir da identificação de três notas experienciais: a) tensões entre diferenças e progresso; b) dificuldades à ampliação de horizontes comuns; e c) pulverização de latências. Como conclusões, o texto reconhece a emergência de formas organizativas que buscam oferecer outras experiências no (do) presente, mesmo diante da hegemonia relacional das organizações modernas.
Encruzilhadas da música: temporalidades e territorialidades no álbum visual Bom Mesmo É Estar Debaixo D’Água
Authors: Ferreira Thiago Emanoel , Oliveira de Farias Daniel
Published: February 2025

Propomos, neste artigo, tomar a encruzilhada enquanto gesto metodológico, político, epistemológico e de análise de processos e produtos comunicacionais relacionados à música. A encruzilhada permite que analisemos temporalidades e territorialidades de modo distinto às concepções dominantes modernas de tempo e território, ao enfatizar as multiplicidades e demandar a articulação e rearticulação de saberes não conformados pela colonialidade. Para isso, realizamos um breve exercício analítico colocando o álbum visual Bom Mesmo É Estar Debaixo D’Água da cantora e compositora baiana Luedji Luna na encruza, invocando temporalidades e territorialidades em diálogo com o produto. Ao convocar a encruzilhada, colocamos ainda as nossas subjetividades enquanto autores no ebó, problematizando o fazer científico estabelecido na modernidade.
“I am done”: violência sexual, testemunho e reparação em ‘Hysterical Girl’
Authors: Gomes Barbosa Karina , Camargos Mendonça Carlos Magno
Published: February 2025

Realizamos uma leitura do documentário em curta-metragem Hysterical Girl (Kate Novack, 2020) com o objetivo de investigar os modos pelos quais a desarticulação da linearidade temporal e do diacronismo no audiovisual, por meio da linguagem, pode provocar fissuras em narrativas patriarcais, promover certo tipo de denúncia e ao mesmo tempo reparação de violências. Partimos de uma perspectiva feminista do audiovisual e do arquivo, que demanda processos de re-visão em busca de um novo olhar crítico, e nos debruçamos sobre duas estratégias cinemáticas empregadas no filme, a montagem e o off. Concluímos que o jogo da montagem, privilegiando o arquivo, o repertório e os discursos, cria um espaço testemunhal para a verdade de Dora, usurpada por Freud, e a restitui simbolicamente.
Das telas mais do que azuis e dos algoritmos em tempos pandêmicos: Caetano e o videoclipe Anjos Tronchos
Authors: GUIMARAES DENISE AZEVEDO DUARTE
Published: February 2025

O artigo artigo aborda os conflitos identitários verificados na cultura multimidiática, com sua exacerbação em tempos pandêmicos, efetuando a análise do videoclipe Anjos Tronchos, de Caetano Veloso, lançado em outubro de 2021. A letra da música problematiza o aparato tecnológico que nos transforma em títeres dos grandes conglomerados (do Vale do Silício) que tudo comandam, alimentando uma onda consumista de dimensões e consequências inimagináveis. A obra audiovisual em análise vem acionar elementos sensíveis e afetivos, propiciando reflexões sobre a fragilidade das interações forjadas no âmbito das redes sociais, com o evidente prejuízo das relações interpessoais regidas pelos algoritmos. Com a onipresença das múltiplas telas, as pessoas estariam adquirindo uma identidade fugidia e cultivando uma pseudo-convivência nos espaços imateriais da era digital.
O Discurso da Diversidade e a Resposta Social dos Públicos
Authors: Milano Persigo Patricia , Da Costa Pereira Fabiana , Bordinhão dos Santos Filipe
Published: February 2025

As tecnologias da informação e da comunicação têm interferido nas diversas dimensões da vida humana. Com as redes sociais, oportunizou-se aos indivíduos a experiência de serem também produtores de conteúdo, afetando diretamente no relacionamento com as organizações. Assim, este artigo olha para o que Braga (2006) identificou como o sistema de resposta social, aplicado às inter-relações estabelecidas entre os públicos e as organizações, observando os comentários de uma postagem do Magazine Luiza sobre o dia do Orgulho LGBTQIAPN+. Entre apoios e críticas, os conteúdos demonstram o quanto o posicionamento dos públicos está permeado pela realidade social, ao mesmo tempo em que explicita a importância do posicionamento das empresas sobre temas polêmicos, levando a sociedade a discussões que instiguem a mudança social.
Corpo gordo e empoderado
Authors: Brennand Jorgiana Melo de Aguiar , Couto Tatiana Cioni
Published: February 2025

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre temas como corpo gordo feminino, empoderamento e body positive, por meio da análise dos perfis no Instagram das influenciadoras digitais Alexandra Gurgel, Letticia Munniz e Jéssica Lopes. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, utilizou-se como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica combinada à análise de narrativas, considerando que essas abordagens qualitativas e interdisciplinares promovem uma visão mais abrangente sobre os temas estudados. Em conclusão, evidenciamos que o corpo feminino gordo encontra nas redes sociais mais voz e amplitude de reconhecimento para circular discursos de diversidade e body positive. Observamos também, a partir das falas das influenciadoras, que celebrar a diversidade de corpos é essencial para a construção de uma sociedade mais inclusiva, onde todos possam viver com dignidade e respeito.
O local como ponto de vista
Authors: Sacramento Igor , Falcão Hully , Leiroz Flávia , Couto Borges Wilson , Bastos Machado Izamara
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo, analisamos, a partir de grupos focais realizados em Rio de Janeiro, Brasília, Salvador e Manaus, as transformações nas dinâmicas de trabalho de profissionais de comunicação em cenários de desinformação pós-covid-19. Observamos como o local configura modos específicos de lidar com a desinformação e realizar o trabalho de comunicação. Concluímos que, além das experiências sociais diversas, há uma demanda comum pela necessidade de formação específica em comunicação e saúde, bem como pela reversão dos processos acelerados de precarização do trabalho.
Carrefour e diversitywashing
Authors: Polivanov Beatriz Brandão , Basil Nathalia
Published: February 2025

O artigo tem por objetivo discutir como o Carrefour Brasil busca construir novos significados sobre quem é a marca e renovar as impressões que causa no seu público consumidor, após o envolvimento do varejista no assassinato de João Alberto Freitas, em novembro de 2020. Realizamos uma análise dos comentários que receberam os vídeos de duas campanhas publicitárias da parceria da rede de supermercados com influenciador Phellyx, homem negro e gay, realizadas entre março e abril de 2024. Discorremos sobre a noção de diversitywashing, no que diz respeito ao reposicionamento da marca, que passa a atrelar seus conteúdos a pessoas negras e membros da comunidade LGBTQIA+ com maior frequência. Apontamos para um posicionamento mais crítico do público na segunda campanha, ainda que os vídeos tenham tido recepção positiva de modo mais amplo.
‘Just one more feed’: the impact of traumatic birth on breastfeeding
Authors: Norman Alyson , Allen Bronwen , Fraser Matilda , Baptie Grace
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims

A range of factors influence breastfeeding behaviour, including maternal mental health. Traumatic births have an impact on maternal mental health and have been found to negatively affect breastfeeding behaviour. The aim of this study was to better understand the impact of traumatic birth on breastfeeding experiences.

Methods

A total of 19 women aged 20–43 years who reported having a traumatic birth since 2010 and attempting to breastfeed were recruited for one-to-one semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed thematically.

Results

Four main themes were identified: bonding with baby, over/compensation, empowerment and physical complications. Breastfeeding reduced the psychological impact of traumatic birth through effective infant bonding and a sense of empowerment. However, it could also lead to a sense of failure, distress and pain.

Conclusions

Increased support is needed for people who have experienced a traumatic birth to ensure successful breastfeeding. Such support may help to ameliorate the sense of failure experienced by individuals following ‘failed’ birthing experiences.

Implications for practice

Greater support is needed for those breastfeeding after a traumatic birth, including longer-term support with mental health. Equipment should be available to assist with feeding complications and there should be an opportunity to debrief and talk through any negative experiences that may impact breastfeeding.
Allergic rhinitis and asthma – one airway, one approach
Authors: Bostock Beverley
Published: February 2025

Beverley Bostock looks at the importance of making a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and determining the severity of symptoms so that appropriate treatment strategies and ongoing management can be implemented.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) can cause nasal, ocular and throat symptoms which can significantly affect quality of life. The impact can be felt from the condition alone or through its link with other conditions, most notably asthma. There is a bidirectional relationship between AR and asthma in that each increases the risk of the other. Both diagnoses are part of the atopic spectrum and often co-exist with other allergy-related conditions. People with atopic diseases require access to evidence based interventions, so accurate diagnosis and assessment of symptom severity is essential to optimise treatment strategies and ongoing management.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: Winter George
Published: February 2025

George Winter provides an overview of recently published articles that may be of interest to practice nurses. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided.
Analisis Kemiskinan di Sulawesi Selatan dengan Regresi Nonparametrik Berbasis B-Spline
Authors: Nasir Rafli Setiawan , Wahid Muhammad Agung , Padang Domi Rico Arung , Islamiyati Anna , Raupong Raupong
Published: February 2025

Poverty is one of the problems faced by Indonesia, including in the province of South Sulawesi. This study aims to identify and understand the complex relationship between factors influencing poverty in South Sulawesi using nonparametric B-Spline regression. The data used are secondary data obtained from the publication of the Central Statistics Agency in the form of Data and Information on Poverty in Districts/Cities in Indonesia in 2022. The variables used are the percentage of poor people as the dependent variable, and the percentage of per capita expenditure on food, poverty depth index, and poverty severity index as independent variables. The best B-Spline model was obtained using order 2 for each independent variable, and one knot for each independent variable at a certain point. This model provides a Generalized Cross-Validation (GCV) value of 10.199728. The results of the analysis show that the measure of the goodness of the model obtained or R2 which means that the percentage of per capita expenditure on food, poverty depth index, and poverty severity index greatly influences the percentage of poor people in South Sulawesi. The relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables is non-linear and varies. The B-Spline model can produce an accurate and flexible picture of the relationship pattern and variability in poverty data in South Sulawesi. This study can provide in-depth insights and recommendations for the government in the form of poverty alleviation policies based on local data and non-linear analysis, by targeting specific interventions according to the unique conditions of each region in South Sulawesi to increase the effectiveness of poverty alleviation.
Prediksi Jumlah Permintaan Darah UTD PMI Kota Pontianak Menggunakan ARIMA-Kalman Filter
Authors: Mauditia Lyra , Imro'ah Nurfitri , Andani Wirda
Published: February 2025

Ensuring a sufficient supply of blood is a crucial aspect of providing health services. However, the large demand for blood is sometimes difficult to fulfill for one of the work units in the Indonesian Red Cross (PMI), namely the Blood Transfusion Unit. Therefore, blood demand prediction is needed to assist the blod transfuse unit in preparing sufficient blood stock. This study uses the ARIMA-Kalman Filter model to anticipate the quantity of blood demand for Blood Transfusion Unit PMI. The observations modeled in this study are daily observations of the amount of blood demand with the period January 1 to December 26, 2023 as an in-sample of 360 observations and blood demand for the period 27 to 31 December 2023 which amounted to 5 observations as an out-sample used to evaluate the model. The analysis’s findings indicate that the model obtained for predicting the amount of blood demand is the ARIMA (0,0,2) model, then the model parameters are estimated using Kalman Filter. The model used fulfills the diagnostic test and obtained a MAPE value of 15.021% in predicting out-sample data. Thus it can be concluded that the model used is in the very good category and is suitable for prediction. Furthermore, predictions are made for the next three days on the number of blood requests at Blood Transfusion Unit PMI Pontianak City to help health services prepare blood stocks for patients in need.
Analisis Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi Jawa Timur Beserta Faktor-Faktornya Menggunakan Model Robust Geographically Weighted Regression-Pendugaan M
Authors: Mushaharah Halimah Nur , Kusumawati Rosita , Isnaini Bayutama
Published: February 2025

Economic growth is a successfull benchmark of nation-building and plays a role in a nation’ welfare. Economic growth in districts/cities measured by gross regional domestic product at constant prices (GRDP constant prices). East Java is the second province after DKI Jakarta as the biggest contributor to the Indonesian economy in 2022 with  economic growth rate values calculated by GRDP constant prices. However, East Java’s economic growth has gaps. As 23 of 38 districts/cities in East Java have economic growth values lower than national economic growth. Glaring gaps could be identified as an outlier and it could happen by many factors. This study aims to model economic growth and its factors with a robust analysis model against an outlier called robust geographically weighted regression-M estimation (RGWR-M). This study used secondary data from BPS Provinsi Jawa Timur and KEMENKEU’s SIKD data portal namely HDI, public health center, population density, economic activity, capital expenditure, and GRDP constant prices in East Java Province in 2022. The result showed that RGWR-M is the best model when an outlier is detected compared to OLS and GWR in analyzing factors that are suspected to affect economic growth in East Java Province in 2022 with  MAD’s values. RGWR-M model produces six mapping groups of significantly influential variables and one group of uninfluential variables. The groups formed to have different parameter estimation results in each district/cities.

Keywords: GRDP constant prices; outlier; RGWR-M.
Grouping Indonesian Province Farmers’ Term of Trade Using Dynamic Time Warping
Authors: Mahmudiati Imtikhanah Anis , Fajriyah Rohmatul
Published: February 2025

This study employs dynamic time warping (DTW) to analyze the farmer’s terms of trade (FTT) across 34 provinces in Indonesia, aiming to identify patterns and cluster similarities in time series data. DTW is recognized for its effectiveness in measuring flexible similarities under time distortions, making it particularly suitable for time series classification across various fields. The FTT is utilized to assess farmers' purchasing power by comparing the prices they receive for their products to the prices they pay for goods and services. K-Medoid clustering techniques were applied to group provinces based on their DTW distances, revealing three distinct clusters. The silhouette score indicates that three clusters as the optimum cluster for the FTT data. The findings show that the first and third clusters have low mean of FTT and the second cluster has the highest mean FTT. These indicates disparities in farmers’ income and purchasing power across regions where the government needs to enhance agricultural strategies and improve economic conditions for farmers in the first and third clusters.

Keywords: Clustering; Dynamic Time Warping; Farmers Term of Trade; K-Medoid.
The Rubberized Mechanical Features: Hardness, Modulus, Tensile Strength, Elongation at Break and Aging for Manufacturing Automotive Tires-An Overview
Authors: Zahan Md.Kudrat-E- , Uddin Md. Ekhlass , Hossen Md. Faruk , Asraf Md. Ali , Zamir Md Rausan
Published: February 2025

Both rubber physics and chemistry are utilized for the manufacturing of spacecraft treads, tires, vehicle mats, conveyor belts, etc., in industries related to the automobile. This versatile rubber technology is devoted to vast and excellent mechanical features like hardness, modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, and thermal aging. The science and practice of rubber compounding during the processing of tires provided rheological, mechanical properties, and stress-strain properties with aging are discussed in this technical review. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) reveals intricate phase transitions of microstructural changes. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) offers information on the thermal stability of chemical compositions and the glass transition point, establishing operational flexibility for rubber characteristics in this investigation. However, these combined resources will thoroughly grasp the material's features, facilitating improved tire product design and quality assurance.
COMPARARTIVE PHYTOREMEDIATING POTENTIALS OF Jatropha curcas, Ixora coceinea, Codiaeum variagatum, Andropogum tectorium, Panicum maximum, Zea mays, Cajanus cajan FOR Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ AND Co2+
Authors: Anarado Charity Ebere , Anarado Chigozie , Obumselu Onyeka , Iziga Chinasa , Onyilogwu Ebuka , Anarado Ijeoma
Published: February 2025

The emergence of the industrial revolution has led to an enormous increase in heavy metal pollution of the biosphere which subsequently became a threat to the environment and human life. Heavy metal pollution has been recognised as one of the most critical threats to soil and water resources, together with human health. The potential of Jatropha curcas, Ixora coceinea, Codiaeum variagatum(male and female), Andropogum tectorium, Panicum maximum, Zea mays and Cajanus cajan as suitable phytoremediators for soil matrix polluted with Zinc (Zn), Cobalt (Co), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) at 0.1M and 0.5M concentrations, and at 8 and 12 weeks of inoculation is the aim of this work.The plants were grown in soils polluted with 0.1m and 0.5M solutions of Pb2+, Cd2+, Co2+ and Zn2+, harvested after 8 and 12 weeks of inoculation. They were washed, air-dried, ashed, digested and concentrations of the metal ions in the plants were analysed.  The results showed that there were significant interaction effects between the plants and the concentration of metal ions in the absorption of Pb2+(P< 0.01), Cd2+(P< 0.01), Co2+ (P< 0.01) and Zn2+ (P< 0.001). There was also significant interaction effects plants and the time of harvest in absorption of Pb2+(P< 0.01), Cd2+(P= 0.02) and Zn2+ (P< 0.001).  No significant interaction was observed for absorption of Co (P= 0.36). At 0.5M concentration of Pb2+ and Cd2+, the mean Pb2+ and Cd2+absorptions in Codiaeum variagatum (female) were significantly higher than those of other plants. Also Ixora coceinea had the highest mean absorption of Co2+ when inoculated with 0.5M of the metal ion and at 8 weeks. While the mean Zn2+ absorption in Codiaeum variagatum (male) was significantly than those of other plants when inoculated with 0.5M Zn2+ and at 12 weeks. The flowering plants- Codiaeum variagatum (male and female) and Ixora coceinea showed better absorption of the metal ions than all other plants. These potentials shown by the flowering plants indicated that the plants could serve both aesthetic and phytoremediating functions at the same time.
Ultra-low-loss polarization-splitting grating coupler based on inverse-design
Authors: Wu Lan , Qiu Jifang , Wang Lihang , Chen Yuchen , Guo Hongxiang , Wei Shile , Wu Jian
Published: February 2025

A polarization-splitting grating coupler (PSGC) is a key component for silicon photonic integrated circuits (PICs), which achieves light coupling from/to a fiber for both polarizations. We propose a high-performance PSGC designed by an inverse design method. The PSGC is designed to be able to be fabricated through a single etching step with outstanding fabrication tolerance. Experimental results indicate a peak insertion loss (IL) of -1.05 dB and a polarization-dependent loss (PDL) of 0.04 dB at 1534.7 nm, which are the lowest on current 220nm-silicon on insulator (SOI) platforms, to the best of our knowledge. Additionally, the 1-dB bandwidths of IL and PDL are 48 nm and 68 nm respectively. It is worth mentioning that the PSGC works under 0 degrees injection of fiber, which reduces packaging costs.
Twisted optical needle array sourced by a circular hyperbolic umbilic beam
Authors: Song Jinqi , Liu Fengqi , Sun Mingli , Cao Bingsong , Zhang Xian , Lu Xuanhui , Huang Kaikai
Published: February 2025

In this Letter, we propose an ultralong twisted optical needle array, derived from a circular hyperbolic umbilic beam (CHUB) array. When propagating within a parabolic potential, the CHUBs periodically focus on optical needles. By extending the Heisenberg equation from quantum mechanics to optics, we theoretically demonstrate that introducing a linear chirp phase and offset modulation causes the optical needles to propagate along spiral trajectories. Furthermore, the Heisenberg equation reveals that these modulations on the centroid of a beam propagating in a parabolic potential can be generalized to arbitrary beams, offering broad applicability and insight into propagation dynamics.
Vortex memory effect of light for scattering-assisted massive data transmission
Authors: Ye Zhiyuan , Ding Chen-Xin , Zhao Jilun , Hou Wanting , Men Xue-Jiao , Cui Yi , Liu Hong-Chao , Wang Hai-Bo , Xiong Jun
Published: February 2025

The optical memory effect (ME) is a physical phenomenon that enables imaging through scattering media. Here we report an extended optical ME known as vortex ME (VME) in a continuous orbital angular momentum (OAM) space. When the azimuthal phase mode index ℓ carried by a vortex beam shifts slightly with Δℓ, the scattering medium (SM)-encoded optical speckles will remain spatially correlated, and the correlation coefficient decays in the form of sinc2(Δℓ). Even after passing through a strong multilayer SM, the inherent orthogonality among OAM variables will be transferred to the speckle-based correlation spectrum intact. The speckle-encoded OAM fractional spectrum enables high-resolution observations of the angular double-slit interference pattern in a single shot. For a vortex beam with a multiplexed OAM fraction spectrum, a generalized group VME (GVME) can be manifested, and it is confirmed that a strong SM can be an OAM-invariant system. Furthermore, we present a speckle-encoded secure optical communication scheme to reliably transmit color image data under various high-scattering conditions, with no need to measure the complex transmission matrix. The proof-of-principle experiments, with a channel capacity of >16 bits or polarization (or wavelength) multiplexing-enabled ∼32.1 bits per shot, achieve a low symbol error rate (<0.5%). This work provides an intriguing physical perspective of speckles for understanding continuous fractional OAM and the unerasable orthogonality, as well as promising approaches for diverse optical applications.
Integrating an optical fiber sensor and artificial intelligence for enhanced tactile sensing in human-computer interaction
Authors: Li Lijun , Yang Fan , Ma Qian , Xu Tianzong , Su Maotong , Zhao Yadong , Liu Xiaolei
Published: February 2025

Biomimetic skin has garnered significant attention owing to its potential applications in wearable devices and intelligent robotics. Drawing inspiration from the signal processing mechanisms of human skin, this paper introduces a flexible tactile sensor utilizing fiber optics, which can be employed in the development of sensitive artificial skin. The random forest algorithm is utilized to decode the output spectrum of the optical fiber sensor for ascertaining the magnitude and location of multi-point forces through the surface of the flexible material. The sensor exhibits superior performance characteristics under constant temperature conditions, including rapid response, high stability, and flexible adjustment to various skin areas. To assess the impact of temperature, the sensor’s response characteristics are experimentally evaluated within the range of 19.7–25.3°C. Furthermore, an intelligent Braille button recognition interface leveraging human interaction is proposed to facilitate efficient input for individuals with visual impairments. This work integrates optical fiber detection with artificial intelligence technology, demonstrating significant potential for applications in human-computer interaction.
VANGL2 alleviates inflammatory bowel disease by recruiting the ubiquitin ligase MARCH8 to limit NLRP3 inflammasome activation through OPTN-mediated selective autophagy
Authors: Jiang Huaji , Xie Yingchao , Hu Zhiqiang , Lu Jiansen , Zhang Jiahuan , Li Hongyu , Zeng Ke , Peng Wenqiang , Yang Cheng , Huang Junsheng , Han Zelong , Bai Xiaochun , Yu Xiao
Published: February 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and potentially life-threatening inflammatory disease of gastroenteric tissue characterized by episodes of intestinal inflammation, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we explore the role and precise mechanism of Van-Gogh-like 2 (VANGL2) during the pathogenesis of IBD. VANGL2 decreases in IBD patients and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Myeloid VANGL2 deficiency exacerbates the progression of DSS-induced colitis in mice and specifically enhances the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950 effectively alleviates DSS-induced colitis in VANGL2 deficient mice. Mechanistically, VANGL2 interacts with NLRP3 and promotes the autophagic degradation of NLRP3 through enhancing the K27-linked polyubiquitination at lysine 823 of NLRP3 by recruiting E3 ligase MARCH8, leading to optineurin (OPTN)-mediated selective autophagy. Notably, decreased VANGL2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IBD patients results in overt NLRP3 inflammasome activation and sustained inflammation. Taken together, this study demonstrates that VANGL2 acts as a repressor of IBD progression by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and provides insights into the crosstalk between inflammation and autophagy in preventing IBD.
Detailed characterisation of the trypanosome nuclear pore architecture reveals conserved asymmetrical functional hubs that drive mRNA export
Authors: Gabiatti Bernardo Papini , Krenzer Johanna , Braune Silke , Krüger Timothy , Zoltner Martin , Kramer Susanne
Published: February 2025

Nuclear export of mRNAs requires loading the mRNP to the transporter Mex67/Mtr2 in the nucleoplasm, controlled access to the pore by the basket-localised TREX-2 complex and mRNA release at the cytoplasmic site by the DEAD-box RNA helicase Dbp5. Asymmetric localisation of nucleoporins (NUPs) and transport components as well as the ATP dependency of Dbp5 ensure unidirectionality of transport. Trypanosomes possess homologues of the mRNA transporter Mex67/Mtr2, but not of TREX-2 or Dbp5. Instead, nuclear export is likely fuelled by the GTP/GDP gradient created by the Ran GTPase. However, it remains unclear, how directionality is achieved since the current model of the trypanosomatid pore is mostly symmetric. We have revisited the architecture of the trypanosome nuclear pore complex using a novel combination of expansion microscopy, proximity labelling and streptavidin imaging. We could confidently assign the NUP76 complex, a known Mex67 interaction platform, to the cytoplasmic site of the pore and the NUP64/NUP98/NUP75 complex to the nuclear site. Having defined markers for both sites of the pore, we set out to map all 75 trypanosome proteins with known nuclear pore localisation to a subregion of the pore using mass spectrometry data from proximity labelling. This approach defined several further proteins with a specific localisation to the nuclear site of the pore, including proteins with predicted structural homology to TREX-2 components. We mapped the components of the Ran-based mRNA export system to the nuclear site (RanBPL), the cytoplasmic site (RanGAP, RanBP1) or both (Ran, MEX67). Lastly, we demonstrate, by deploying an auxin degron system, that NUP76 holds an essential role in mRNA export consistent with a possible functional orthology to NUP82/88. Altogether, the combination of proximity labelling with expansion microscopy revealed an asymmetric architecture of the trypanosome nuclear pore supporting inherent roles for directed transport. Our approach delivered novel nuclear pore associated components inclusive positional information, which can now be interrogated for functional roles to explore trypanosome-specific adaptions of the nuclear basket, export control, and mRNP remodelling.
Climate-related bilateral official development assistance (ODA) and vulnerability: A comparative study of allocation and effectiveness
Authors: Rauniyar Santosh Kumar , Shiiba Nagisa , Yamasaki Lisa , Tomoi Hiroaki , Tomoi Hana , West Maura Kitchens , Watanabe Atsushi , Nomura Shuhei
Published: February 2025

Official Development Assistance (ODA) has emerged as a crucial tool for supporting nations worldwide in mitigating and adapting to the impacts of climate change. This study investigates bilateral ODA allocated to climate change mitigation and adaptation from 2002 to 2021. Data from OECD iLibrary and World Risk Reports were analyzed to explore temporal patterns and sectoral distribution of climate-related ODA. Polynomial regression calculated the estimated average annual percentage change (EAAPC) in adaptation-focused ODA and vulnerability. We also evaluated the relationship between adaptation-focused ODA, vulnerability, and GDP per capita between 2011 and 2021. In 2021, Japan, Germany, and France provided 75% of total bilateral ODA dedicated to climate change. From 2002 to 2021, major donors directed substantial portions of climate-related ODA towards infrastructure, energy, water & sanitation, agriculture, and environmental protection. From 2011 to 2021, the highest EAAPC in vulnerability was observed in the Central African Republic (0.62; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.64), followed by Papua New Guinea (0.57; 0.55 to 0.59), Yemen (0.50; 0.49 to 0.52), and Guinea-Bissau (0.33; 0.32 to 0.34). Despite their high vulnerability, some of these countries received disproportionately less adaptation-focused ODA. The correlation between vulnerability and adaptation-focused ODA revealed a complex regional relationship. Variations in adaptation-focused ODA and vulnerabilities underscore the dynamic relationship between international aid and a nation’s intrinsic capacity to address challenges. This investigation highlights the importance of understanding these dynamics and calls for a re-evaluation of aid allocation. Strengthening climate change initiatives within the ODA framework and tailoring aid distribution to the specific needs of recipient nations in mitigation and adaptation can enhance its effectiveness, resulting in sustainable and impactful outcomes.
Patterns of co-occurrent skills in UK job adverts
Authors: Liu Zhaolu , Clarke Jonathan M. , Rohenkohl Bertha , Barahona Mauricio
Published: February 2025

A job usually involves the application of complementary or synergistic skills to perform the required tasks. Such relationships are implicitly recognised by employers in the skills they demand when recruiting new employees. Here we construct a skills network based on their co-occurrence in a national level data set of 65 million job postings from the UK spanning 2016 to 2022. We then apply multiscale graph-based community detection to obtain data-driven clusters of skills at different levels of resolution that reveal modular groupings of skills across scales. The obtained skill clusters occupy different roles within the skills network: some have broad reach across the network (high closeness centrality) while others have higher levels of within-cluster containment. Yet there is high interconnection across clusters and no skill silos. Furthermore, the skill clusters display varying levels of within-cluster semantic similarity, highlighting the difference between co-occurrence in adverts and intrinsic thematic consistency. The skill clusters are characterised by diverse levels of demand, with clear geographic variation across the UK, broadly reflecting the industrial characteristics of each region, e.g., London is an outlier as an international hub for finance, education and business. Comparison of data from 2016 and 2022 reveals increasing employer demand for a broader range of skills over time, with more adverts featuring skills spanning different clusters. Our analysis also shows that data-driven clusters differ from expert-authored categorisations, suggesting they may capture relationships between skills not immediately apparent in expert assessments.
Preventing suicide by restricting access to Highly Hazardous Pesticides (HHPs): A systematic review of international evidence since 2017
Authors: Rubbo Bruna , Tu Chao-Ying , Barrass Lucy , Chang Shu-Sen , Konradsen Flemming , Gunnell David , Eddleston Michael , Metcalfe Chris , Knipe Duleeka
Published: February 2025

Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide. A previous systematic review showed that regulations limiting access to highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs) were successful in preventing suicides. As the WHO strongly supports regulation of pesticides, we aimed to update and strengthen the evidence on the effectiveness of HHP bans. We conducted a systematic review by searching MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO databases in March 2024 for manuscripts published since 2017 that investigated the effects of regulatory changes limiting access to HHPs on pesticide suicide, at the population level. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, and extracted data using a standardized form, defined a priori. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023441247). All nine studies in six Asian countries showed reductions in pesticide suicide rates following HHP bans (range 28.0% to 91.9%), of which six applied time series analyses to account for trends prior to the intervention (reductions in pesticide suicide rates ranged 28.0% to 60.5%). Only five studies assessed overall suicides; of those, four reported decreases in overall suicide rates following the intervention, of which three used time series analysis (range 7.0% to 45.1%). Only one study had a low risk of bias in all domains, with five studies having high risk of bias in at least one of the domains. Restricting access to HHPs leads to declines in both pesticide and overall suicide rates. Findings from this and the previous systematic review provide strong evidence to governments and public health officials that are considering implementing bans on HHPs in order to reduce suicides. However, this review only covered studies published since 2017 and there is a need for data from other regions to investigate the generalisability of this approach.
Exploring ethical considerations in medical research: Harnessing pre-generated transformers for AI-powered ethics discussions
Authors: Mori Takuya , Watanabe Takuya , Kosugi Shinji
Published: February 2025

Introduction

In medical research involving human subjects, ethical review is essential to protect individuals. However, concerns have been raised about variations in ethical review opinions and a decline in review quality. Adequately protecting human subjects requires multifaceted opinions from ethics committee members. Despite the need to increase the number of committee members, resources are limited. To address these challenges, we explored the use of a generative pre- learning transformer, an interactive artificial intelligence (AI) tool, to discuss ethical issues in medical research.

Methods

The generation AI used in the research used ChatGPT3.5, which has learned ethical guidelines from various countries worldwide. We requested the generative AI to provide insights on ethical considerations for virtual research involving individuals. The obtained answers were documented and verified by experts.

Results

The AI successfully highlighted considerations for informed consent regarding individuals with dementia and mental illness, as well as concerns about invasiveness in research. It also raised points about potential side effects of off-label drug use. However, it could not offer specific measures for psychological considerations or broader ethical issues, providing limited ethical insights. This limitation may be attributed to biased opinions resulting from machine learning optimization, preventing comprehensive identification of certain ethical issues.

Conclusion

Although the validity of ethical opinions generated by the generative AI requires further examination, our findings suggest that this technology could be employed to prompt reviews and re-evaluate ethical concerns arising in research.
Detection of opening motion characteristics in DC circuit breakers based on machine vision
Authors: Ku Zhaoyu , Li Jinjin , Li Dongheng , Dong Huajun
Published: February 2025

A circuit breaker is a crucial component in power systems, and its operation is essential for evaluating its interruption performance. However, electromagnetic interference often affects sensor accuracy. To address this issue, this paper investigates a non-contact measurement technique for assessing the motion characteristics of circuit breakers. A motion detection method based on Franklin moments is proposed. A synchronous image acquisition platform was established using high-speed cameras to capture the motion of 252kV circuit breakers. The captured images are preprocessed, with coarse edges extracted using the Laplacian algorithm. Franklin moment convolution calculations are then applied to determine sub-pixel coordinates of the image edges based on these coarse edges. By analyzing the frame-to-frame variations of these sub-pixel coordinates, the opening motion characteristics of the circuit breaker are extracted. This method can detect the vibration parameters and bouncing phenomenon of circuit breaker motion machine in millisecond level, and the accuracy is 0.01 mm. These findings offer valuable insights for future research on circuit breaker performance.
Physical determinants of daily physical activity in older men and women
Authors: Karavirta Laura , Aittokoski Timo , Pynnönen Katja , Rantalainen Timo , Westgate Kate , Gonzales Tomas , Palmberg Lotta , Neuvonen Joona , Lipponen Jukka A. , Turunen Katri , Nikander Riku , Portegijs Erja , Rantanen Taina , Brage Søren
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The ability to perform bodily movement varies in ageing men and women. We investigated whether physical fitness may explain sex differences in daily physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) among older people.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, a population-based cohort of 75, 80, and 85-year-old men and women (n = 409, 62% women) underwent laboratory-based assessment of walking speed, maximal knee extension strength, and body fat percentage. Free-living physical activity was assessed as total PAEE, and light (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using individually calibrated combined accelerometry and heart rate sensing. Path modelling was used to examine indirect associations between sex, physical fitness, and physical activity.

Results

Men had better physical fitness and higher overall PAEE (mean 34.0 (SD 10.8) kJ/kg/day) than women (28.3 (8.4) kJ/kg/day, p<0.001). The path model for PAEE explained 33% of the variance. The direct association between sex and PAEE was non-significant, whereas the association between sex and PAEE mediated by body fat (β = 0.20, p<0.001) and walking speed (β = 0.05, p = 0.001) were statistically significant. Similarly, associations between sex and MVPA mediated by body fat (β = 0.11, p = 0.002) and walking speed (β = 0.05, p = 0.001) were significant, as were the associations between sex and LPA mediated by body fat (β = 0.24, p<0.001) and walking speed (β = 0.03, p = 0.019).

Conclusion

Differences in physical activity between men and women may reflect underlying differences in cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity. These results highlight the importance of maintaining physical fitness to support active living in older adults.