bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural, optical and magnetic characteristics of iron doped zinc oxide thin films
Authors:   Physics Department, College of Sciences and Art At ArRass, Qassim University, ArRass 51921, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Mahmoud A. Z. , Ibrahim E. M. M. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt, Galal Lamiaa ,   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt, Shaaban E. R. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, 71542, Egypt, Yousef E. S. ,   Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P. O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
Published: May 2023

Zn1-xFexO films with x = 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 at.% were prepared under high vacuum by the electron beam gun evaporation. The impact of Fe doping concentration on the films' structural, optical and magnetic characteristics has been taken into account. The patterns of XRD for all films at various Fe concentrations showed wurtzite-type structures. The results show that the size of nano-films reduces from 24 nm (0%) to 11 nm (0.20%) with elevating Fe content, which is owing to the difference between the ionic radii of Zn and Fe. Peaks associated with the elements to be seen were visible in the XPS spectra of undoped and 10% Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles produced by the precipitation process: zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and oxygen (O). The optical constants (n, k) of the Zn1-xFexO films were obtained by the SE measurements by an ellipsometric model, allowing for the verification of the Fe3+ ions in Fe-doped ZnO. With the addition of Fe, the energy band gap decreased from 3.44 eV to 3.28 eV. M-H measurements revealed room-temperature ferromagnetism in Fe-doped ZnO thin film. As the Fe concentration rises, the magnetization increases until it reaches a concentration of 15%, at which point it starts to decrease. This decrease in magnetization was attributable to the spinel phase, which was seen in the XRD spectra. These findings imply that Fe-doped ZnO is a highly suggested material for the creation of spintronic and optoelectronic devices.
UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLE WITH INTEGRATION OF ROBOTIC ARM AND OTHER FEATURES
Authors: M.Ramli Roshahliza , Herman Nurul Aqilah , Mohd Adib Mohd Azrul Hisham , Azmi Nur Fatihah
Published: May 2023

Many academics from across the world are working to reduce the epidemic effect by using robots and drones. The worst thing was after the face mask rule took effect on 1 August, 2020. In Malaysia, millions of contaminated face masks pose a deadly hazard for humans and wildlife. Besides that, there are many Unmanned Ground vehicles (UGV) equipped with a manipulator nowadays, but the main issue was the lack of stability in picking and placing objects. UGV plays an important role as the equipment that can reduce the risk of infection to cleaners to reduce COVID-19 for disposal. In addition, another aim of this research is to define the generalised coordinates for the robot arm. Thus, UGV had been developed by using hardware and software requirements. In terms of hardware, the robotic arm consists of 4 DC servo motors to control the movement of the robotic arm and 1 DC Servo motor to control the movement of the gripper. Besides that, the rocker boogie consists of 6 DC motors that had been switched by using a dual H- Bridge and controlled by Arduino Mega. In terms of software, it used Robo Analyser software to identify the value of position and orientationof each joint correctly, as all these values needed to be used by the controller to tackle stability issues for further research. As a result, this project has novelties that reduced the risk of personnel death by making the disposal process more reliable than the current way, and the safety of the authorities can be improved. Finally, the End Effector position was also successfully retrieved by using the Denavit-Hartenberg method and Forward Kinematic Analysis.
AUTOMATED ATTENDANCE SYSTEM USING FACE RECOGNITION
Authors: Nazaraly Nurul Najihah , Mohd Radzuan Nabilah Filzah
Published: May 2023

Attendance is compulsory in every school or university for keeping a record of the student attending the class. The biometric is applied in the system proposed, which uses face recognition for ease of attendance taking. The automated attendance system uses the proposed face recognition to overcome the weaknesses of manual and traditional attendance systems that cause learning time to be delayed, handwriting that confuses the lecturer and also the concentration of the student to be affected. This paper aims to identify the method used for detection and recognition to develop and evaluate the system. Therefore, the Viola-Jones algorithm is used in detection of student faces and Local Binary Pattern Histogram is used for recognition when it compares the student face with the images in the database. The system flow starts with capturing the image of the student in class, detecting their faces, processing the image for a better image and then extracting the feature. The results have shown the accuracy of face detection is more than 90% because some of the faces cannot be detected due to the different angles, while the accuracy for face recognition varies between 18% to 80% due to the different numbers of images trained for each person.
267 A REVIEW OF E-LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ PERFORMANCE
Authors: M Tawafak Ragad , Romli Awanis , Senan Nurhalina , Wan Awang Wan Suryani
Published: May 2023

The E-Learning system is one of the standard tools widely used to improve student performance and the continuous intention to use e-learning in higher education. A massive e-learning system is used at the higher education level, such as Moodle, MOOC and e-learning systems, enhancing students’ performance. This concept paper presents a systematic review of potential e-learning systems used effectively and with continuous intention to improve students’ performance. The comparison was made based on the literature review of the essential factors used for e-learning purposes. The paper also provides extracting causal relationships between these factors to develop a better model with full element constraints. The conclusion shows that TAM2, TAM3 and ECT are the latest acceptance model used to improve students’ performance.
Temporal changes in strain condition on all lateral surfaces during pretreatment before timber drying
Authors: Toba Keisuke , Nakai Takahisa , Murano Tomoya
Published: May 2023

Wood drying, such as boxed-heart square timber, often involves surface checks, which spoils the appearance of wood products and reduces their market value. Pretreatments are performed to avoid the surface checks, but detailed information about surface strain during timber drying remains unclear. In this study, surface strain detections were performed using two types of strain sensors (strain gauge and optical fiber strain sensor) to understand the surface dimensional changes during a series of pretreatments, consisting of steaming and high temperature and low humidity treatment. Simultaneous strain measurements based on the optical fiber sensor grasped the surface strain distributions in each lateral surface during timber drying; contraction behaviors were observed in the middle part of most surfaces in the early steaming stage, while one surface showed expansion. A remarkable expansion was detected in one surface during the high temperature and low humidity treatment, although most of the other surfaces showed gradual contraction behaviors. It was also discovered that the above detected behaviors were gradually reduced with the progress of each pretreatment.
The Relationship Between Geopolitical Risk and Credit Default Swap Premium: Evidence from Turkey*
Authors: Soyu Yıldırım Esra , Ilikkan Özgür Munise
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the relationship between the geopolitical risk in Turkey arising out of the war and terror incidents happened in the region during the period 2003:01-2020:06 with the CDS premium. A two-step approach is undertaken for this assessment, in which an ARDL limit test and then a time-varying symmetric and asymmetric causality test are applied to study the possible causality vis-a-vis the subperiods. The ARDL limit test does not reject the hypothesis that there is a co-integrated relationship between CDS premium and geopolitical risk index. In addition, the time-varying symmetric and asymmetric test also identifies causality between CDS premium and geopolitical risk, and establishes periods where the latter influences the former variable both in a positive and negative way. In summary, both the ARDL limit test and the time-varying symmetric and asymmetric test deduce a causal relationship between the studied variables.
Morphophysiological characteristics of European perch (Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758) and rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus Linnaeus, 1758) from Kyiv water bodies
Authors:   Institute of Hydrobiology of Ukraine, Kyiv, Prychepa M. , Kovalenko Yu. ,   Institute of Hydrobiology of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To study morphophysiological parameters of European perch and rudd from the urbanized water bodies of Kyiv in order to use them as indicators of the physiological state of fish. Methodology. The ichthyological study was carried out in different water bodies in Kyiv in May 2021. The material for the study were native species: European perch and rudd. Morpho-physiological parameters were determined separately for males and females. The probability of the obtained results was assessed by a Student’s t-test (Р≤0.05). Findings. Differences in morpho-physiological parameters of European perch and rudd from two water bodies were studied. A high content of oil products in water (0.090 mg/dm3) and bottom sediments (80.5 mg/kg) was found in the Lake Kyrylivske, while their concentration was several times lower in water (0.005 mg/dm3) and bottom sediments (10.5 mg/kg) of the Lake Martyshiv. Differences in the living conditions were manifested in the studied samples of fish. European perch from the Lake Martyshiv had a higher body length and weight by 10.6% and 30%, respectively, compared to the sample from the Lake Kyrylivske. On the other hand, no significant differences in body weight were found for rudd. This indicates the presence of interspecies differences for the studied fish in the living conditions of water bodies under human impact. In addition, differences in morphophysiological parameters have been established in European perch. Condition factor of perch females from the Lake Martyshiv was 16.5% higher than that of females from the Lake Kyrylivske. High liver indices were observed in European perch males from the anthropogenically transformed water body, while rudd males had a liver index lower by 26.3% than that in the Lake Martyshiv. The confirmation of the stressful living conditions in the Lake Kyrylivske during the study period was a significant decrease in gonadal and spleen indices of European perch. Originality. It was established that males and females of European perch and rudd have different physiological reactions to negative living conditions, which were reflected in the indices of internal organs. Practical Value. The obtained results allow assessing the physiological state of most abundant fish communities in urbanized water bodies of Kyiv for further forecasting their abundance and structure. Keywords: European perch (Perca fluviatilis, Linnaeus 1758), rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Linnaeus 1758), morphophysiological characteristics, organ indices, adaptive reactions, human impact.
AN OVERVIEW OF METHODS AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF SPACE DEBRIS REMOVAL FROM LOW EARTH ORBITS
Authors: Аbaturov А.O. , Dron М.M. , Kulyk О.V. , Proroka V.A.
Published: May 2023

Debris in Earth's orbit poses a significant threat to existing spacecraft and hinders the safe launch of new spacecraft. This paper discusses various methods of space debris removal from orbit. In particular, active, passive, and combined methods are considered. The possibility of using  suborbital rockets to    launch   the    removal    system   into  orbit  is  also considered. The purpose of this paper is to review existing methods and technical means of space debris de-orbiting and analyze and identify promising areas for the development of such systems. A patent analysis was conducted for the period from 2002 to 2022. Modern scientific works on various methods of space debris removal were also analyzed. The papers on the combined method of space debris removal were analyzed separately. Non-standard approaches to space debris removal are considered. In particular, the possibility of using suborbital launch vehicles to launch removal systems into orbit is considered. As a result of the work, the current state of development of methods and technical means for space debris removal was determined. It has been found that the most commonly patented and studied in scientific papers are technical means based on the passive removal method. At the same time, the active method receives less attention in scientific papers. Because of this, it has been established that the study of passive and combined methods and the development of technical means based on these methods are promising areas. It was found that the combined method is promising, but little was studied, and the basic requirements for systems using suborbital launch vehicles were also identified. This work allowed us to summarize the current state of the problem of space debris management and identify the most promising areas for the development of space debris removal systems.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR MANUFACTURING RADIATION SHIELDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS THERE OF FOR DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Authors: Dzhur Ye.O. , Bozhko S.A. , Sanin A.F. , Khutornyi V.V.
Published: May 2023

The use of rocket and space technologies for obtaining heat-shielding coatings has made it possible to develop methods for the manufacture of long-term means of protection, disposal and disposal of harmful waste from high-tech industries, which makes it possible to significantly improve the environmental situation not only in Ukraine but also in the world. A special modifier has been developed, the addition of which to the composition of building materials, containers and other containers reduces the intensity of ionizing radiation. The properties of new radiation shielding materials and the appropriateness of their use were investigated. A comparative assessment of existing and developed containers was conducted. It was proven that the new technology will significantly improve the ecology in the NPP and exclusion zones, an experimental batch of containers was manufactured, simulation tests were performed, and waste storage schemes were developed. Accumulated extensive experience in the reuse of transport and launch containers of military equipment to solve an important urgent problem of burial in the conditions of catastrophic accumulation of radiation-hazardous waste that has developed in Ukraine.
МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ДИФУЗІЙНОГО ЗВАРЮВАННЯ З’ЄДНАНЬ ПО ОХОПЛЮВАНИХ ПОВЕРХНЯХ КОНТАКТУ
Authors: Карпович О.В. , Карпович І.І. Карпович
Published: May 2023

У роботі розроблена фізична і математична модель дифузійного зварювання різнорідних з'єднань по охоплюваних поверхнях. Запропоновано внутрішню деталь виготовляти з меншим коефіцієнтом лінійного термічного розширення, зовнішню – з більшим та всю конструкцію встановити в обойму. Це дає можливість отримати потрібний тиск на контактних поверхнях деталей при підвищенні температури та процесу дифузійного зварювання. У межах математичної моделі для проведення дослідження визначені безрозмірні геометричні та фізичні коефіцієнти, що впливають на якість з’єднання. Проведений чисельний експеримент дозволив уперше визначити основні взаємозв'язки геометричних параметрів та властивостей матеріалу обойми, проаналізувати їх вплив на умову забезпечення контакту та довжину зварного з'єднання. Отримані результати дозволяють вибрати оптимальні розміри, фізико-механічні та теплофізичні властивості матеріалу обойми, зменшити витрати тугоплавких дорогих металів, спростити розрахунки та технологію виготовлення біметалевих перехідників, які застосовують у вузлах ракетно-космічної техніки та інших галузях машинобудування. Результати проведених досліджень наведені у вигляді безрозмірних параметрів та діапазонів, які можна використовувати для розрахунку та отримання заготовок біметалевих перехідників з різних поєднань матеріалів, що використовуються для з'єднання трубопроводів із різнорідних матеріалів.
RESULTS OF DESIGN AND THEORETICAL STUDIES OF LV PRESSURIZATION SPRAYERS PARAMETERS
Authors: Lohvynenko А.I. , Minai O.M. , Khomiak V.O.
Published: May 2023

The pressurization system of the fuel tanks of launch vehicles is one of the important and critical subsystems of the pneumatic-hydro supply system. The pressurization system is designed to create the necessary pressures in the fuel tanks in order to ensure their required values at the engine inlets (both during launch and during operation  in  specified   modes),  as well as to ensure the strength and stability of the tanks during the flight of launch vehicles. These systems determine the configuration and appearance of launch vehicles, their energy characteristics and operating conditions. At the same time, the pressurization system is functionally interconnected with the operation of many other subsystems of the pneumatic-hydraulic supply system (refueling of fuel components, control systems, fuel consumption control systems, units of a liquid-propellant rocket propulsion system, etc.).

One of the main functional elements of the pressurization system is the atomizer. The atomizer is designed to introduce pressurization gas into the tank in such a way that its speed and direction provide the required pressure and gas temperature distribution in the free volume of the tank, without causing unacceptable heating of the tank structure and fuel component, as well as possible disturbances (vibrations, etc.) .

On the example of specific launch vehicles on high- and low-boiling fuel components, a generalizing review of the pressurization system sprayers developed in the Yuzhnoye State Design Office (YSDO) was carried out, as a result of which the authors determined and described in detail: their design features, requirements, classification, and the procedure for their development. The possibilities and tools for modeling the parameters of atomizers are shown. The experimental data of some of the developed atomizers are presented. Promising directions for the development of pressurization systems are outlined, which in the future will allow the development of highly efficient systems with optimal parameters.
ACOUSTIC FIELD CHARACTERISTICS UAV SCREW
Authors: Sokol G.I. , Aleksieienko S.V. , Mikhalov D.V.
Published: May 2023

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) began to be actively used in civil and military spheres. During flight, UAV nodes emit noise into the environment, while the main radiation node is its propeller. In the civilian sphere, the noise of a drone can cause noise irritation in people, and in the military sphere, by registering this noise, it is possible to determine its bearing and destroy the aircraft. The need to get rid of these harmful factors creates the need to calculate the acoustic field of the UAV propeller.

The task: to analyze the noises that arise during the operation of the UAV; draw up a methodology for calculating the characteristics of the acoustic field of a UAV propeller; develop a program-methodology for measuring characteristics of the acoustic field of a UAV propeller and conduct measurements; to propose methods of noise reduction from propellers.

In the actual work, an analytical review of the designs of modern UAVs was carried out, which made it possible to choose the type of drone for research. They became the FPVRaptor V2, which was specially designed for flights with a camera on board to create videos. In addition, FPV Raptor V2 has good flight qualities.

The considered characteristics of the drone and its equipment. The main sources of noise when flying a UAV are its engines and propellers. In addition, noise is generated by the airframe and its equipment due to vibrations caused by the imbalance of assemblies and propellers. Vibrations are caused by the skin of the UAV, loose connections, poorly fixed equipment units. The FPVRaptor V2 UAV uses an electric motor, which is the quietest motor used on a drone. Provided that the parts of the drone are connected tightly and the equipment assemblies are securely fastened, the source of the noise is the propeller. The noise generated during the operation of UAV propellers was analyzed. On the basis of theoretical information on determining the acoustic characteristics of a UAV, a new method of calculating the sound pressure in the acoustic field of UAV propellers was developed. The physical and mathematical models proposed by L. Ya. Gutin were used to create the calculation methodology. The MathCAD program was used for calculations. The program allows you to calculate the characteristics of the acoustic field of the propeller of the drone. Based on the results of the calculations, graphs of the directionality of the acoustic field were constructed. The highest level of sound pressure is observed for the fundamental tone, a lower level for the second harmonic, even lower for the third, and so on. For the fundamental tone, the maximum sound pressure level is 1.9222Pa or 99.655dB, which is observed at angles of approximately 132º and 48º
PROFESSIONAL RESEARCH-TRAINING IN THE PROCESS OF TRAINING IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM OF THE SPECIALTY "AVIATION AND ROCKET AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY"
Authors: Shevtsov V.U. , Davydova A.V.
Published: May 2023

High-quality training of professional specialists in the rocket and space industry is impossible without the initiation and development of creative research thought in the process of developing new, promising samples of the future equipment and technologies for their production and operation. The development and formation of skills of research creative activity should begin already during training in high school and be formalized to the working level while studying at higher educational institutions.

In the presented work, within the framework of the educational and scientific program for the preparation of bachelors in the specialty "Aviation and Rocket and Space Technology", special attention is paid to the problematic issues of today and promising areas of their solution, which is reflected in the "first place", in the process of teaching professional special courses.  An important component of research training is also the presentation and consideration of problematic issues at a professional student seminar, which is regularly, twice a month, held on line and the participation of teachers and graduate students of the department of design and construction of rocket and spacecraft of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University. The result of this seminar is the annual submission of up to twenty to thirty reports only for the international youth scientific and practical conference "Man and Space".

For a conscious choice of the direction of individual creative activity in the work, a list of questions offered by the department for research work of bachelors and masters that may be of interest to employees of basic enterprises in the industry is given.
Festa e política em Rousseau
Authors: De Araújo e Viana Leite Rafael
Published: May 2023

Este artigo busca explicitar a articulação entre estética e política em Jean-Jacques Rousseau. A investigação se fixará introdutoriamente na ideia de espetáculo no século XVIII para, em seguida, deter-se na festa pública tal como ela é explicitada na Carta a D’Alembert, com o objetivo de ressaltar os elementos estéticos e ético-políticos da teoria de festa em Rousseau.
Ejemplaridad pública y Derecho en la Filosofía de Javier Gomá. Una propuesta de aplicación en el Derecho Privado
Authors: Vigil-de-Quiñones-Otero Diego
Published: May 2023

La idea de ejemplaridad, presente en el discurso público de modo especial los últimos años, presenta una serie de conexiones necesarias con el Derecho. La consecución de la ejemplaridad en el ámbito ciudadano, requiere en primer lugar tener claro el papel que para la misma haya de tener la ley. Además requiere saber cómo hacer interactuar esta con la costumbre y los códigos de conducta y otros instrumentos de soft law. Ello implica una cierta revisión de la doctrina de las fuentes del Derecho. La introducción de la idea de ejemplaridad, con una revalorización de la costumbre, afectará también a diversos ámbitos del Derecho privado, pudiendo apreciarse la actuación de la exigencia de ejemplaridad de diferente modo en el ámbito de las obligaciones o de los derechos reales.
Severe bronchiolitis profiling as the first step towards prevention of asthma
Authors: Orzołek Izabela , Ambrożej Dominika , Makrinioti Heidi , Zhu Zhaozhong , Jartti Tuomas , Feleszko Wojciech
Published: May 2023

Bronchiolitis is the most common respiratory infection leading to hospitalization and constitutes a significant healthcare burden. The two main viral agents causing bronchiolitis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV), have distinct cytopathic, immune response, and clinical characteristics. Different approaches have been suggested for subtyping bronchiolitis based on viral etiology, atopic status, transcriptome profiles in blood, airway metabolome, lipidomic data, and airway microbiota. The highest risk of asthma at school age has been in a subgroup of bronchiolitis characterized by older age, high prevalence of RV infection, previous breathing problems, and/or eczema. Regarding solely viral etiology, RV-bronchiolitis in infancy has been linked to a nearly three times higher risk of developing asthma than RSV-bronchiolitis. Although treatment with betamimetics and systemic corticosteroids has been found ineffective in bronchiolitis overall, it can be beneficial for infants with severe RV bronchiolitis. Thus, there is a need to develop a more individualized therapeutic approach for bronchiolitis and follow-up strategies for infants at higher risk of asthma in the future perspective.
Evolution of laboratory parameters in patients with lipid transfer protein syndrome after 3 years of immunotherapy
Authors: González Alejandra , Escudero Ana Isabel , Sola Rosa Alba , Carbonell Antonio
Published: May 2023

Lipid transfer protein (LTP) syndrome is an increasingly prevailing disease, especially in the young population, with severely affected quality of life. Since 2013, a specific treatment, called sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), with peach extract (SLIT-peach®) has been used, but with no long-term effectiveness studies. The main objective of the present study was to assess the long-term effectiveness of SLIT-peach® and to relate the clinical evolution of patients. This was an ambispective study conducted for 3 years. A total of 25 patients with LTP syndrome were selected and treated with SLIT-peach®. They underwent a provocation test in the first year with reintroduced foods that had produced symptoms in the past. Analytical deter-mination of specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) to peach (Pru p 3) was performed at the beginning of treatment, at the first year of initiation, and at the end of treatment. These data were compared with the control group comprising 14 patients with LTP syndrome without treatment. A statistically significant decrease in specific IgE to Pru p 3 at the end of the treatment and an increase in specific IgG4 to Pru p 3 1 year after treatment initiation were observed in the active group in relation to tolerance to foods with LTPs. These results indicate that food tolerance begins after the first year and is maintained after the end of 3 years of treatment. In conclusion, treatment with SLIT-peach® for 3 years is effective for patients with LTP syndrome, preventing the evolution of the disease, allowing patients to restart a diet with plant foods, and improving their quality of life.
Situation analysis and blood transfusion strategy of Lewis antibodies in Hunan Province
Authors: Wei Xiaoxiang , Liu Fengxia , Ran Dong , Yin Ping , Qu Lin
Published: May 2023

Background: Detection rate, serological characteristics, and clinical data of patients with Lewis blood group antibodies in Hunan Province were analyzed through retrospective analysis. This was undertaken in order to optimize the detection methods and blood transfusion strat-egies of these patients.
Methods: Blood typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching were performed by microcolumn gel, and Lewis antigen was detected by immediate spin test, antibody identification of positive and negative ABO samples, positive antibody screening, and cross-blood mismatch samples. Antibodies were identified by immediate spin test and microcolumn gel antiglobulin method, and the clinical data of the patients with Lewis antibody characteristics were analyzed.
Results: A total of 74 samples (15.91%) with Lewis antibodies were detected from 465 positive samples; cases were distributed in different cities of Hunan Province, with Changsha city being the most frequent (28%) one, with mostly non-O (66), anti-Lea (31; 41.89%), anti-Lea+anti-Leb (23; 31.08%), anti-Leb (5; 6.76%), anti-LebH and anti-Lea+anti-LebH (1+4; 6.76%), and antibody types immunoglobulin M (IgM) (51; 68.92%), immunoglobulin G (8; 10.81%), and IgG+IgM (4; 5.41%) cases. Patients included more females (67.57%) than males. The detection rate of gynecological diseases and patients with solid tumors was highest (44.59%). In all cases, the Lewis blood group was Le (a-b-); none of the 15 transfusion patients had hemolytic transfusion reaction.
Conclusion: A variety of experimental methods must be adopted simultaneously to determine specificity and prevent the leakage of Lewis antibodies. The infusion of red blood cells matching with antiglobulin media at 37°C was recommended to ensure safe transfusion for recipients with Lewis antibodies.
Hospital admissions for urticaria in a pediatric emergency department of a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Costa Farinha Inês , Pires Pereira Helena , Gaspar Lemos Sónia , Faria Emília , Rodrigues Fernanda
Published: May 2023

Background: Urticaria is a common disorder, estimated to affect 2.1 to 6.7% of children and adolescents, and is a frequent cause of emergency department (ED) admissions.
Methods: The aim of this study was to retrospectively characterize the clinical features of children and adolescents with a diagnosis of urticaria, evaluated in a tertiary care pediatric ED between 2015 and 2019. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics®, version 27.0.
Results: A total of 2254 episodes of urticaria were counted with 98.1% corresponding to acute urticaria (AU). A suspected trigger factor was identified in 51.6% of the episodes, namely infections (27.8%), drugs (9.9%) and food (7.6%). From these episodes, excluding infections, only 59.2% were referred to an Allergy Consultation for further study, with only 18.8% (drug) and 28.3% (food) confirmed as the AU trigger. Of the 43 episodes of chronic urticaria (CU), 79% were referred to consultation, with 23 being diagnosed with chronic spontaneous urticaria, 8 with inducible urticaria and 3 with both entities. Older age (p < 0.001), personal history of atopy (p = 0.019) and angioedema (p = 0.003) were factors associated with CU, while the presence of other accompanying symptoms (p = 0.007) was associated with AU. Older age (OR = 1.2; p < 0.001) and the presence of angioedema (OR = 2.7; p = 0.007) were identified as indepen-dent factors for CU.
Conclusion: The majority of episodes corresponded to AU. Infections were the main suspected trigger, followed by drugs and food, with an overall confirmation rate ranging from 18 to 30%, highlighting the importance of an allergologic follow-up evaluation.
The prevalence of sensitization to food allergens in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Atakul Gizem , Sipahi Cimen Sevgi
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a complex pathophysiology. The course of the disease is affected by both environmental factors and allergen hypersensitivities. Food and aeroallergens have a significant role in the pathogenesis and disease control.
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of food and aeroallergen sensitivity of children with AD.
Methods: Children under 18 years with AD who applied to pediatric allergy and immunology outpatient clinics were evaluated. All patients had a skin prick test (SPT) within most common food and aeroallergens.
Results: One hundred seventy three patients were studied. Most of the moderate and severe AD patients were boys (boys 64% vs. girls 47%). Symptoms started earlier and positive results in SPTs with food allergens were more common in patients with SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) >25 (p < 0.0001). Egg white (39%), egg yolk (31%), cow’s milk (13%) and wheat flour (5%), were the most common allergens, respectively. The SCORAD scores were higher in multiple food sensitized patients’ groups (p < 0.001). Although, food sensitizations were prevalent in patients who had higher SCORAD scores (p = 0.001), there was no significant difference in sensitization with aeroallergens. (p = 0.392).
Conclusion: Sensitizations to both food and aeroallergens are common in patients with AD. In addition, sensitization to these allergens and SCORAD severity in patients with AD have positive correlation.
Knockdown of SHP2 attenuated LPS-induced ferroptosis via downregulating ACSL4 expression in acute lung injury
Authors: Bin Li  , Zhan Wang  , Jiayang Yuan  , Dachuan Liang  , Yanrong Cheng  , Wang Zheng
Published: May 2023

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a complex disease with a high mortality. Src homology 2 (SH2)-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that participates in pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Nevertheless, the role of SHP2 in ALI remains unknown.
Methods: The in vivo and in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI models were successfully established. The histopathological changes were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The vascular permeability of lungs was assessed by Evans blue assay. The expression of ACSL4 and SHP2 was detected by western blot and qRT-PCR assay. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), iron, and glutathione (GSH) levels were mea-sured by commercial kits.
Results: The SHP2 was upregulated in LPS-induced ALI mice and LPS-stimulated MLE-12 cells. In loss-of function experiment, the knockdown of SHP2 attenuated LPS-induced lung injury, microvessels damage, pulmonary edema, and increase of lung vascular permeability in vivo. Mechanically, shSHP2-rescued LPS induced increase in LDH activity, MDA, and iron levels, and decrease in GSH levels, as well as the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in vivo and in vitro, leading to an alleviation of LPS-induced ferroptosis. Notably, shSHP2 reduced the expression of Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain 4 (ACSL4). In the rescued experiments, overexpression of ACSL4 abolished the shSHP2-induced reduction of LDH activity, MDA, and iron levels, and increase in GSH levels, thereby aggravating the LPS-induced ferroptosis.
Conclusion: These findings concluded that the knockdown of SHP2 attenuated LPS-induced ferroptosis via downregulation of ACSL4 expression in ALI, providing a novel sight for ALI treatment.
Development of extruded animal feed based on fat and oil industry waste
Authors: Petik Ihor , Litvinenko Olena , Kalyna Viktoriia , Ilinska Olha , Raiko Valentina , Filenko Olesia , Lutsenko Maryna , Romanova Tetiana , Svishchova Yana , Ivakin Oleksii
Published: May 2023

The paper considers the way to solve the problem of processing waste from the oil and fat industry, namely sunflower and soybean meals, which are a source of many valuable substances. The peculiarity of the work lies in determining the rational ratio of the base components of extruded animal feed, which is an important aspect of obtaining high-quality competitive products.
The research object is the use of oil and fat industry waste in extruded animal feed technology. The rational ratio of the components of extruded animal feed has been determined. The rational ratio of animal feed components is: sunflower meal – 0.40 parts by weight; soybean meal – 0.25 parts by weight; oatmeal – 0.35 parts by weight. The animal feed sample with justified composition corresponds to the commercial analogue in terms of porosity (72 % and 76 %, respectively) and cost ($285/t and $285/t, respectively). In addition, the extruded feed with the developed composition exceeds the commercial analogue in terms of protein content by 3.2 times and essential amino acids content by 2.9 times. The obtained data are explained by the use of a complex of components, namely oil and fat waste and starch-containing grain raw materials with various limiting amino acids and various technological features of the extruded mass of their mixture. The feature of the obtained results is the possibility to control the technological characteristic (porosity) of the finished product depending on the components ratio, which allows changing product characteristics according to consumer requirements. The research results make it possible to efficiently process secondary products of oilseed processing into a new competitive marketable product. From a practical point of view, the technology makes it possible to reduce the cost of storage/utilization of industry waste, get additional income from new products sales and improve environmental conditions. The applied aspect of using the scientific result is the possibility to create a range of animal feed with different technological indicators depending on the components ratio.
Determining the influence of compressor flow path abrasive wear on the gas turbine engine characteristics
Authors: Datsenko Vadym , Boyko Ludmila
Published: May 2023

The operation of a gas turbine engine (GTE) in a dusty atmosphere leads to wear of the elements of the flowing part and, as a result, to a deterioration in its parameters and characteristics.
Helicopter and tank gas turbine engines operating in a dusty atmosphere, as well as gas turbine units of compressor stations operated in areas with high dust concentrations, are subjected to the greatest wear. When operating GTE under such conditions, the compressor is subjected to stronger wear. In this regard, the task addressed in this paper is determining the effect of abrasive wear of the compressor on GTE parameters. To this end, a method for calculating the GTE characteristics is built, making it possible to take into account the effect of abrasive wear of the flow path and blade crowns of the compressor.
Underlying the calculation method is a nonlinear mathematical model that makes it possible to describe the processes occurring in individual nodes and in the engine as a whole under stationary modes. A feature of this method is the two-dimensional description of the compressor in the engine system. The method reported here makes it possible to quickly estimate the effect of deviation of the geometric parameters of the flow path from the rated values on the characteristics of the compressor and engine as a whole.
The geometric parameters of the degraded-out axial compressor were simulated on the basis of wear data. The parameters and characteristics of the degraded-out compressor, as well as the gas turbine engine as a whole, were calculated. It was found that with a given wear of the flow path of the compressor, the specific power of the engine decreased by 7.5 % while specific fuel consumption increased by 6.4 %, and the stability margin decreased by 11.1 % compared to the original ones.
The results could be used to analyze and predict the operational efficiency of engines when they operate under conditions of high dustiness.
Determining patterns in loading the body of a gondola with side wall cladding made from corrugated sheets under operating modes
Authors: Vatulia Glib , Lovska Alyona , Myamlin Sergiy , Rybin Andrij , Nerubatskyi Volodymyr , Hordiienko Denys
Published: May 2023

The object of research is the processes of emergence, perception, and redistribution of loads in the body of a universal railroad gondola with a cladding of corrugated sheets.
To improve the strength of the sheets of cladding, it is proposed to strengthen the most loaded area in terms of height (1/3 of the bottom tie-up) with horizontal corrugations. Determination of the geometric parameters of the corrugation is carried out by the moment of resistance of the sheet. The dynamic load of the gondola body with improved cladding was determined by mathematical modeling. The fluctuations of the jump were taken into consideration, that is, the translational movements of the body relative to the vertical axis. The results of the solution of the mathematical model have made it possible to conclude that the studied dynamics indicators are within the permissible limits while the car movement is estimated as "excellent".
The calculation was performed of the strength of the body of a gondola with improved cladding. It has been established that the strength of the gondola body under the main operating load modes is ensured. According to the results of calculations of static strength, the calculation was performed of the fatigue strength of the gondola body. It must be said that the fatigue strength of the body cladding increases by 3.7 % compared to the typical one.
A feature of the results obtained is that the proposed improvement of the cladding can be carried out not only at the design stage but also during repairs of cars.
The scope of practical use of the results includes the engineering industry, in particular railroad transportation. At the same time, the conditions for the practical application of the research results are compliance with the requirements for loading and unloading operations of gondola cars.
The results of the current research will contribute to devising recommendations for the design of modern structures of gondolas and for improving the efficiency of their operation.
Improving the production technique of meat chopped semi-finished products with the addition of dried semi-finished product with a high degree of readiness
Authors: Zahorulko Andrii , Zagorulko Aleksey , Yancheva Maryna , Savinok Oksana , Yakovets Lyudmila , Zhelievа Tetiana , Skoromna Oksana , Sushko Larysa , Kainash Alla , Tytarenko Nataliia
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is a production technique of meat chopped semi-finished products with the addition of dried semi-finished product based on Jerusalem artichoke and zucchini.
The production technique of meat chopped semi-finished products with the addition of dried semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness (Jerusalem artichoke and zucchini) has been improved. The dried semi-finished product is manufactured by a low-temperature drying technique in an IR field at a temperature of 45...60 °C to the final solids content of 12...15 %. The adsorption properties of the dried semi-finished product of a high degree of readiness were determined and it was established that its swelling takes place due to the absorption of the water-fat emulsion while there is an actual increase in the volume of the semi-finished product by 2.3...2.6 times.
A feature of the production technique of meat chopped semi-finished products with the addition of a high-readiness dried semi-finished product to the recipe is frying in an apparatus with functionally closed media. The duration of frying in the proposed apparatus with functionally closed media compared to the conventional technique is reduced by 2.4 times. Introduction to the recipe of meat chopped semi-finished products of dried semi-finished products based on Jerusalem artichoke and zucchini reduces total weight loss by 11.9 % of meat culinary products without shrinkage. The data on the chemical composition of meat chopped semi-finished products with the addition of dried semi-finished products in comparison with the control confirm the increase in the nutritional value of the prototype while the energy value is reduced by 19 %. The implementation of the improved technique will make it possible to obtain a competitive range of meat chopped products with natural ingredients that increase the nutritional value of products and eliminate the use of artificial ingredients.
Improvement of the production technology of tokay wines based on the revealed effect of enzyme activity on the quality of grape variety
Authors: Bagirzadeh Afaq , Omarov Yashar , Haciyeva Aygun , Gurbanova Sevda , Gasimova Afet , Ismayilov Mehman , Nabiyev Ahad
Published: May 2023

Wines of the Tokay type are produced using a special technology. According to Hungarian technology, for the production of these wines, bunches of white and red grape varieties are twisted on the vine, withered for a certain time, then dropped for processing. At the same time, the percentage of sugar in grapes is artificially increased due to the evaporation of moisture. In pre-dried grapes, the percentage of sugar should be in the range of 40–45 %. For the production of Tokay-type wines, the fermentation of grape must is carried out naturally without the addition of alcohol and other ingredients. After formation in the must of 14‒16 vol. % alcohol, the fermentation process is suspended naturally. As a result, natural sugar and alcohol remain in the wine material. Withered grape varieties, despite their high sugar content, are economically inefficient due to low juice yield and a quantitative decrease in extractive substances. Thus, the enrichment of wine material for the production of Tokay-type wines has not been studied. As an object of research, ripe technical grape varieties Bayan Shirey, Rkatsiteli, Cabernet Sauvignon, Madrasa cultivated in the foothills of the Geygol district and in the low-lying zone of the Samukh district were used. Grape varieties were harvested from the vineyards of the winery, located in the Goygol district and from the farm "Amin", located in the village of Gara-Yeri, Samukh district. For the production of wine, both ripe and separately withered grape varieties were used, twisting on the vine for 10–12 days. However, when twisted on the vine, about 15–20 % of the bunches of grapes break and fall to the ground. Further, in ripe and withered grape varieties, the quantitative content of dry matter, total sugar, including glucose and fructose, phenolic compounds, titratable acidity, vitamin C, and in both variants the yield of unclarified juice was determined separately. The regularities of increasing the activity of enzymes of the class oxidoructase and a representative of hydrolase-pectinesterase were considered. The results make it possible to adjust the quality indicators of grape varieties depending on their zoning and use them for the production of high-quality Tokay-type wines.