bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemocorrectors Based on Perfluorocarbon Gas-Transport Blood-Substituting Emulsions
Authors: Vorobyev Sergei I. , Bolevich Sergey B. , Votrin Sergey V. , Orlova Aleksandra S. , Novikov Alexey A. , Bolevich Stefani S. , Gudanovich Dmitrii V. , Morozova Elena M. , Kartashova Maria K. , Khitrov Alexandr N. , Yavlieva Koka H.
Published: August 2021

Hemocorrectors based on perfluorocarbon gas-transport blood-substituting emulsions are complex multiphase systems used in the biomedical field as multifunctional drugs, in particular, as gas-transport substitutes for a blood donor. The aim of this review was to discuss their physicochemical and medico-biological properties. A number of preparations from both Russian and foreign manufacturers based on chemically inert perfluorocarbon blood-substituting emulsions of a nano-size level as hemocorrectors with a gas transport function are shown. The analysis of the effect of perfluorocarbon emulsion on the blood gas transport indicators showed that perfluorocarbon particles in the bloodstream will significantly improve the conditions of gas exchange in tissues. The most important issue is the concentration of perfluorocarbon blood-substituting emulsions. The perfluorocarbon emulsions can be considered as a means of correcting the gas transport properties of blood, increasing the reserve capacity of blood cells-red blood cells to deliver oxygen to the tissues. Taking into account all facts about perfluorocarbon hemocorrectors, it can be concluded that they can be used as universal nanocarriers for the transdermal delivery of oxygen and biologically active compounds in various fields of biomedicine and cosmetology.
Gojeg Lesung: Pengembangan Seni Gejog Lesung Hasil Penyuluhan Seni Teater di Desa Sabdodadi, Bantul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Sumarno Rano
Published: August 2021

Gojeg Lesung pengembangan dari seni Gejog Lesung merupakan strategi mempromosikan Desa Sabdodadi dalam aktivitasnya di bidang seni budaya. Penyuluhan seni ini bertujuan untuk: (1) meningkatkan kualitas kelompok teater Sanggar Kolingin menjadi kelompok kesenian yang mandiri dan lebih diterima di tengah masyarakat; (2) memberikan pemahaman yang tepat bagi masyarakat tentang arti pentingnya seni-budaya lokal sebagai penyeimbang masuknya budaya asing; (3) melestarikan dan menumbuhkan minat terhadap seni dan budaya lokal; dan (4) membangun kebersamaan dan menciptakan kreativitas masyarakat setempat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyuluhan seni ini melalui tiga tahapan, yakni penanaman konsep, penanaman minat, dan penanaman bakat. Hasil yang dicapai dari penyuluhan seni ini telah melahirkan kreasi baru seni pertunjukan bernama Gojeg Lesung dalam genre teater rakyat yang memiliki struktur pertunjukan: tetalu, bubuka, tarian komedi, lakon, dan penutup. Peran serta pemerintah dan institusi seni diperlukan dalam kelanjutan penyuluhan seni ini karena masyarakat setempat membutuhkan ruang pentas untuk melanjutkan eksistensinya memasyarakatkan seni Gojeg Lesung.
SIGHT SINGING SEBAGAI STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN INSTRUMEN PIANO DI PRODI PENDIDIKAN MUSIK ISI YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Suryati Suryati , Widodo Tri Wahyu
Published: August 2021

Sight Singing is the ability to read the notation and immediately sing the tune in accordance with the melody on the sheet music. Sight Singing is the activity of singing with solmisasi or movabel "do". This study aims to improve the ability to read beam notation in learning mandatory piano instruments using the Sight Singing approach. The Mandatory Piano Instrument course is one of the practical courses that must be taken by all Music Education Study Program students, ISI Yogyakarta. Not all new students in Music Education Study Program can read the beam notation, so this Piano Compulsory Instrument course course is always feared by students who have not read fluent notation. Sight singing as a strategy to enhance the learning of Piano Mandatory Instruments. This research is focused on the application of Sight singing in learning Mandatory Piano Instruments in Music Education Study Program. This research uses Classroom Action Research which can be categorized as a qualitative-experimental research by applying the Sight singing method. The results of this study are the learning process of the Mandatory Piano Instrument with the application of the Sight singing method more effectively to improve the ability to learn to read notation while playing the Piano Instrument, and students can be more expressing, impressed singing by accompanying themselves.
Konsep Musikal Instrumen Kendang dalam Gamelan Gong Kebyar
Authors: Danika Pryatna I Putu , Santosa Hendra
Published: August 2021

Memegang peranan sebagai seorang pengendang Bali di dalam sebuah barungan gamelan gong kebyar, ternyata tidak sesederhana yang terlihat. Menjadi seorang pengendang di dalam sebuah sekeha gamelan gong kebyar Bali, harus memiliki jiwa kepemimpinan, agar sebuah sekeha dapat menampilkan pertunjukan yang bagus. Tidak semua pengendang Bali memiliki jiwa seperti itu, itu dikarenakan tidak semua pengendang tekun dalam melatih dirinya agar memiliki teknik dan kepekaan musikal yang baik. Peneliti ingin mengetahui konsep seorang pengendang yang ada di dalam memimpin sebuah sekeha gamelan gong kebyar Bali. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif,yang dalam implementasinya menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang ditemukan di dalam penelitian ini adalah konsep  musikalitas seorang pengendang Bali di dalam memimpin sebuah pertunjukan gamelan gong kebyar Bali. Konsep musikalitas ini meliputi teknik bermain kendang, mengatur dinamika lagu, mengatur tempo, memulai gending dan mengakhiri gending. Dalam praktikalnya konsep musikalitas ini di implementasikan melalui bahasa tubuh, pola kendang dan keras lirihnya suara kendang.  Konsep  musikalitas ini sangat penting dimiliki oleh seorang pengendang Bali, agar sebuah pertunjukan menjadi lebih bagus dan rapi, sehingga dapat memukau penonton.   Musical Concept Of Kendang Instruments In Gamelan Gong Kebyar. Holding the role of a Balinese tamer in a barong gamelan kebyar, was not as simple as it seems. Being a controller in a gamelan gong kebyar in Bali, must have a soul of leadership so that a school can show a good performance. Not all Balinese people have such a soul, that is because not all Balinese performers are diligent in training themselves to have good musical techniques and sensitivity. The researcher wants to know the concept of a person who is in charge of leading a gamelan gong kebyar in Bali. This research uses descriptive qualitative method, which in its implementation uses observation, interview, literature study and documentation techniques. The results found in this study are the musical concept of a Balinese tamer in leading a Balinese kebyar gong gamelan performance. This musicality concept includes the technique of playing the drum, adjusting the dynamics of the song, adjusting the tempo, starting the gending, and ending the gending. In practice, the concept of musicality is implemented through body language, drum patterns, and loud sounds. The concept of musicality is very important owned by a Balinese performer, so that performance becomes better and neater so that it can amaze the audience.
Garap Rujak-rujakan dalam Sindhenan Gaya Surakarta
Authors: Suyoto Suyoto
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThis research reveals of garap rujak-rujakan in the Surakarta style sindhènan. Some issues to be explored in this reasearch are related to the garap rujak-rujakan, how to interpret balungan rujak-rujakan, and the function of rujak-rujakan in Surakarta-style sindhènan. These point are explained based on data on the presentation of musical instrument as a factual data exploration media. Data collection was carried out by means of literature studies, interviews, and also as a participant observer.The data collection was carried out by literature study, interviews, and also as a participant observer. The analysis is carried out by reinterpreting the thoughts and experience of the pengrawit through pragmatic reality. The interpretation uses interpretation method and garap analysis. The explanation and getting conclusions are carried out by the inductive method.The results obtained are that the rujak-rujakan is included in the shredded category which has a complementary and varied function. There are four types of rujak-rujakan models, namely rujak-rujakan with a descending melody, rujak-rujakan with an upward melody, rujak-rujakan with kempyung melody sèlèh, and rujak-rujakan with flat tones. Céngkok rujak-rujakan can be applied to melody compositions that reflect the core of the rujak-rujakan melody. So if there is a balungan melody that reflects the melody rujak-rujakan, then a pesindhèn can fill the balungan with céngkok rujak-rujakan. Rujak-rujakan is facultative, but its presence gives color or variety to the sindhènan.
Rancangan Garap Karya Gending Sekar Jagad Berbasis Motif Batik Gaya Yogyakarta
Authors: Rokhani Umilia , Haryanto Haryanto
Published: August 2021

The creation of works employing transforming media becomes an exciting breakthrough in the art industry to study. Using the concept of changing the media, the meeting of the two different media, such as art and music, provides opportunities for the emergence of a broader range of creative work. The design of musical works based on the inspiration and philosophy from the media of batik has complexity and beauty and high value as the great works from the Indonesian ancestors. Sekar Jagad is a title for the composition of musical design, taken from the name of a batik motif that is very familiar in Javanese culture. By understanding the basic batik motifs such as gringsing, kawung, machete, nitik, cement and poleng, the elements of vocal melodies performed in two different voices gave an overview of the concept of the Sekar Jagad batik motif. It indeed required knowledge of the shape, function and character of the batik motif itself as the basis for gending in musical arts. The melody arrangement was made entirely with two tunings or pelog and slendro scales. It was intended to find the characters that best suits the characteristics and philosophy of batik. The elements of batik motifs that were put together into one Sekar Jagad batik motif were then applied through vocal melodies and supported by lyrics that described some of these batik elements.
Repertoar Musik Keroncong Dengan Menggunakan Idiom Musik Sunda: Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Kolaborasi pada Mata Kuliah Sejarah Analisis Musik Indonesia di Departemen Pendidikan Musik FPSD UPI Bandung
Authors: Supiarza Hery , Tjahjodiningrat Harry
Published: August 2021

Analysis at the Department of Music Education, FPSD, Universitas. Pendidikan Indonesia This study discusses the Implementation of Collaborative Learning Models in the History course of Indonesian music analysis at the Department of Music Education, UPI Baandung FPSD. The researcher as a lecturer in this course intends to add to the repertoire of keroncong songs, which since the 1980s keroncong song production has stalled due to competition in the Indonesian music industry. The Action Research method was used in this study to develop students' abilities in creating keroncong songs. 7 stages are used, starting from initial observation, analysis, combining ideas and ideas into big themes, evaluation exercises 1, recording and mastering. The results of this study created 10 keroncong music recordings as a product of a pure repertoire of student collaboration with the Sundanese traditional approach as the basis for creation. Future research will improve the 10 products into a more professional recording result. This research can be a reference for the application of collaborative learning models to create student work and creations in the arts.
Analisis dan Perancangan Pengendali Intensitas Lampu Pijar Jarak Jauh Dengan Sistem Remote control Terhadap Efisiensi Energi
Authors: Hege Asih Pitasari , Effendi Jauhari , Pasangka Bertholomeus
Published: August 2021

The light intensity needs to adjust to produce suitability of illumination needs in room based on type of space function so it's possible to save electrical energy. Therefore, creation of energy-efficient lighting is very important so can be controlled. The purpose of this study is analyze and design a light intensity control device with remote control. This type of research is experimental research, which is research that doesn't require a comparison, which means the experiment is given treatment and measurements are made by the tool. The tool designed is a combination of several electronic circuits consisting of power supply, infrared emitting and receiver, digital circuit, relay driver and dimmer circuit. Analysis uses luxmeter as a measure the average light intensity and thermocouple as a measured quality of mean temperature room. The results are light intensity and temperature quality was carried out 3 times at (08.00-12.00 WITA), (12.00-16.00 WITA), (16.00-20.00 WITA) and mean was taken with 9 measurement points with total area of 36 m2 (initial color). The measurement didn't meet the standards of 295 lux and 28ºC, while when being treated it met the room comfort standards of 247 lux and 23ºC. This is due to influence of a tool to control the brightness of the lights. The results of the work are light intensity controller gives 10 stages of resistance values that adjust the brightness of incandescent light with an increasing count, indicating the initial value ranging from 0 to 9.
Analisis Daya Tampung Beban Pencemaran Kali Asem di Sekitar TPST Bantar Gebang dan TPA Sumur Batu
Authors: Kurniasari Opy , Aprianti Lina
Published: August 2021

The amount of waste management, especially in big cities and metropolitan areas, forms the basis for various policies. One of them is the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 Year 2008 concerning Solid Waste Management which mandates cooperation and partnerships between local governments, business entities, and the community in carrying out waste management. The carrying capacity of the environment should be one of the considerations in the preparation and determination of environmental management and recovery plans. However, in its implementation, the calculation of environmental carrying capacity is not easy. Therefore, planning is not based on environmental capability, but existing conditions, which are likely to have experienced degradation or exceeded carrying capacity. This condition is expected to cause a decrease in the carrying capacity of the environment around the Bantar Gebang TPST and Sumur Batu TPA, one of which is the Kali Asem river. Based on this, it is necessary to analyze the assimilative capacity of Kali Asem pollution around the TPST and TPA. The purpose of this study was to analyze the capacity of Asem River pollution load so that the ability of the environment in the area around TPST Bantargebang, Bekasi City to support the lives of humans and other living things. The results of laboratory analysis showed that at the initial sampling point, Kali Asem was already in a polluted condition which is characterized by high levels of BOD and COD.
KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT KADMIUM (CD) DAN TIMBAL (PB) PADA Enhalus acoroides DIPANTAI SEGARA AYU, PANTAI SEMAWANG, DAN PANTAI MERTASARI PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Nyupu Maxine Favian Joseph Melkisedek , Watianiasih Ni Luh , Waskita Alfi Hermawati
Published: August 2021

Sanur Beach is one of the tourist destinations that is often visited by national or international tourists. The number of tourism activities can increase pollutants entering the waters, one of which is heavy metals. Heavy metal content in waters can come from various sources of activity, one of which is lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). Seagrass E. acoroides are found in the waters of Sanur Beach. Seagrass can absorb heavy metals because it interacts directly with the column to absorb metal ions in the water. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of bioconcentration and translocation factors for the heavy metal content of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in E. acoroides seagrass in the waters of Segara Ayu Beach, Semawang Beach, and Mertasari Beach and to determine their suitability with the quality standards of the Bali Governor Regulation. No. 16 of 2016, Permenkes RI. No. 32 of 2017 and SEPA of 2000. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling method and the data obtained were analyzed using quantitative descriptive methods and methods. The highest bioconcentration factor in cadmium (Cd) leaves was at station II, namely 1.91 mg/kg, and the lowest was at station I with a value of 0.62 mg/kg. The highest bioconcentration factor in lead (Pb) leaves was at station II, namely,0.47 mg/kg and the lowest was at station I, namely 0.08 mg/kg. The highest bioconcentration factor in cadmium (Cd) roots was at station II, namely 1.23 mg/kg, and the lowest was at station III, namely 0.73 mg/kg. The highest bioconcentration factor in lead (Pb) root was at station II, namely 0.22 mg/kg and the lowest was at station III, namely 0.10 mg/kg. The highest translocation factor for cadmium (Cd) was at station II, namely 1.55 mg/kg, and the lowest at station I was 0.53 mg/kg, while for lead (Pb) the highest was found at station III, namely 2.45 mg/kg and the lowest was at station I which was 0.49 mg/kg. The content of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in seagrass does not meet the quality standards of the Bali Governor Regulation No. 16 of 2016, Permenkes RI. No 32 of 2017, but in sediments according to SEPA 2000.
Analisis Dampak Oil Spill Di Teluk Balikpapan Terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat Dalam Perspektif Hukum Dan Lingkungan
Authors: Ahyadi Muhammad Yaris , Syarifudin Abimanyu Putra , Khairunnisa Alesha Zahira , Ximenes Joana Dacosta , Hamdi Muhammad Hilal
Published: August 2021

One form of marine pollution is an oil spill that can come from the fault of tanker activity while operating.An example of the case is the incident of oil spill in Balikpapan Bay due to the leak of pertamina's oil pipeline in 2018, 5 thousand liters of oil spilled and polluted the sea with an area of more than 12 thousand hectares.Using normative juridical methods, researchers will conduct an analysis of the impact of the oil spill in Balikpapan Bay on the lives of the surrounding community based on legal and environmental perspectives.The purpose of the author by making this paper is to know how the process of tackling and impacting oil spills so far for the surrounding community based on the law and the environment, can also be an input for the government to be able to resolve the case of oil spill in balikpapan bay that has lasted about 3 years, so that the lives of local people can run smoothly as before the oil spill incident.
Dampak Covid 19 Terhadap Ekonomi dan Lingkungan di Bali
Authors: Maharani Shinta Enggar
Published: August 2021

The island of Bali as one of the tourism centers in Indonesia has felt the huge impact of Covid 19. The economy of Bali, which relies on tourism with natural and cultural beauty, has experienced a very drastic decline. Data shows that the number of foreign tourists to Bali in January 2021 has decreased as deep as 93.33%, compared to the record in December 2020 and when compared to January 2020, the number of foreign tourists to Bali was recorded to have decreased by almost 100%, namely -99.998% (BPS, 2021). This paper aims to determine the impact of Covid 19 on the economy of Bali, which relies on environmental and cultural sustainability-based tourism as a tourist attraction. This paper uses a literature review analysis related to the economic and environmental impacts in Bali caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. The impact of the Covid 19 pandemic on the economy of Bali which relies on environmental and cultural sustainability-based tourism as a tourist attraction is enormous. The economic downturn and the increase in the volume of Hazardous waste due to the pandemic are real problems to be faced, although environmental restoration will greatly benefit Bali's future sustainability
Hindu Legal Philosophy in Ngelinggihang Dewa Hyang Tradition: A Case Study in Jero Kuta Customary Village
Authors: Wisnawa Dewa Ketut
Published: August 2021

This article discusses Ngelinggihang Dewa Hyang ceremony in Gianyar Regency which is different from the traditions in other regions in Bali.  This tradition originates from Hindu law but is implemented differently by each customary village.  This study aims to assess the position of Hindu law in Indonesian legislation, discuss Hindu law as the basis for implementing Ngelinggihang Dewa Hyang ceremony, identify the autonomy of customary village in Ngelinggihang Dewa Hyang process, and reveal the public perceptions of this ceremony in Jero Kuta Customary Village, Batubulan Village, Sukawati District, Gianyar Regency. This paper is a socio-religious research that is combined with a legal research. The research suggested that Hindu law does not have an explicit position in national law, but is used as the guideline for Balinese customary law. Sources of Hindu law used in this ceremony are Lontar Purwa Bhumi Kamulan and Manawa Dharmasastra that have been derivated into customary law. The autonomy of the customary village in the process of Ngelinggihang Dewa Hyang can be seen from the dresta (customary law) adopted by the villagers of Jero Kuta Customary Village who carry out this procession on a different day from other rituals. The public perception of this ceremony can be seen from the interaction in family and community scope. It has been revealed that the society does not fully understand the meaning of this religious procession due to the following factors; differences in community understanding of the existence of the Ngelinggihang Dewa Hyang ceremony; ignorance of the community, education Level, and the development of globalization in people's life.
Establishing a Regional-Owned Limited Liability Company: Would it Support an Integrated Tourism Management in Bali?
Authors: Saraswati Luh Ayu Nadira , Hadi Santosa Anak Agung Gede Duwira
Published: August 2021

The rapid development of tourism in Bali has made this sector becomes the main pillar of the economy. Facts indicate that the tourism industry in Bali is not parallel with the equal distribution, which entails an imbalance in both tourism facilities and tourism management. This has an impact on chaotic tourism management: many tourist destinations and attractions were not managed properly and could not develop their potency optimally. This situation reflects an urgency to conceive an integrated tourism development and management. The Bali Provincial Government has addressed this issue by launching the concept of One Island One Management. This paper aims to analyze the tourism management arrangements in Bali with the various challenges faced in its application and to assess the establishment of Regional-Owned Limited Liability Company in realizing the concept of an integrated tourism management in Bali. In terms of writing methodology, this paper applies a normative legal research. The result suggested that a regional-owned limited liability company (LLC) can support the realization of an integrated tourism management in Bali. From a legal perspective, a regional-owned LLC is subject to the company law, which entails that it will strengthen the professionalism in managerial aspects and also will accommodate the participation of the region through the shareholder forum.
Protection of Migrant Workers in Suriname: How do Indonesian Representatives Implement International Labour Organization Conventions?
Authors: Maharani Wibisono Lutecia Zahra , Sadiawati Diani
Published: August 2021

In June 2020, sixteen Indonesian migrant workers (IMW) who worked as fishing boat crew in a Surinamese company fled to the Indonesian Embassy in Paramaribo, Suriname to acquire protection and assistance. They revealed that the company had failed to uphold their rights, committed inhuman treatment, and resulted in numerous losses. The embassy then immediately exercised a consular function to protect their safety and tried to facilitate the demands of those sailors to relevant parties and local authorities. The article aims to analyze the role of Indonesian representatives to protect the rights of Indonesian migrant workers in Suriname based on the International Labour (ILO) conventions. It is juridical empirical research that was conducted through visiting and field research to the Indonesian Embassy in Suriname in November 2020. The research suggested that Indonesian representatives in Suriname have played a significant role in advocating the IMW rights through all possible means, including mediation, negotiation, and diplomatic channels. In addition, there is a need to create a Memorandum of Understanding between Indonesia and Suriname to ensuring proper protection for migrant workers.
Um relato de experiência sobre a aplicação de duas estratégias de ensino para tratar da ética no serviço público brasileiro no município de São Francisco do Conde
Authors: Santos Adelmaria Ione dos , Silva Jacqueline Silva da
Published: August 2021

Apresenta a experiência realizada em sala de aula com a aplicação de duas estratégias de ensino: aula expositiva dialogada e Phillips 66 no processo de ensino e de aprendizado sobre ética no serviço público. A aplicação ocorreu com servidores que ocupam a função de assistentes de classe, vinculados a uma Secretaria municipal de um município baiano. Os resultados revelaram que as duas estratégias corroboraram para tornar as aulas mais dinâmicas, desconstruindo o tradicional monólogo na relação professor – aluno. O estudo conclui que a estratégia da aula expositiva traz desafios para os docentes, sendo recomendada em disciplinas de 40 ou 60 horas. Já a Phillips 66 é adequada para resgatar pontos de um tema debatido como também revelar possíveis lacunas no processo de aprendizagem.
DESEMPENHO DAS EXPORTAÇÕES MINEIRAS FRENTE AO MERCADO NACIONAL ENTRE 2000 E 2015
Authors: Soares Fernandes Rosangela Aparecida , Lana Pinto Victor Henrique , Gama Ribeiro Gabriela , Rodrigues Gracie Imperial Cires Beijamar
Published: August 2021

O objetivo do artigo foi analisar o desempenho das exportações mineiras e a competitividade dos principais produtos que compõem a pauta exportadora entre 2000 e 2015. Constatou-se que a pauta exportadora do estado é concentrada em commodities minerais e agrícolas, não ocorrendo modificação desse padrão de especialização durante o período analisado. O estado possui vantagem comparativa e elevado grau de especialização em produtos primários. Políticas públicas voltadas para maior diversificação produtiva da pauta exportadora têm o potencial de mitigar a dependência do estado em relação aos preços cíclicos e às limitações de um comércio internacional baseado apenas em commodities.
Pemberian Rekomendasi oleh Mahasiswa Farmasi pada Kasus Nyeri Pinggang di Setting Komunitas: Penelitian di Sebuah Institusi
Authors: Ramadanti Friska Yanuar , Setiadi Adji Prayitno , Aditama Lisa , Brata Cecilia , Wibowo Yosi Irawati , Setiawan Eko , Halim Steven Victoria
Published: August 2021

Salah satu tujuan dalam kurikulum pendidikan farmasi adalah mempersiapkan mahasiswa agar mampu memberikan rekomendasi terkait gangguan kesehatan ringan di komunitas. Sampai saat ini, informasi terkait kemampuan mahasiswa dalam memberikan rekomendasi di Indonesia belum ditemukan dalam literatur terpublikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan ketepatan rekomendasi mahasiswa prodi apoteker di sebuah institusi pendidikan farmasi saat menghadapi permintaan swamedikasi pada kasus nyeri pinggang (low-back pain; LBP). Pengambilan data pada penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari karakteristik partisipan dan sebuah kasus LBPyang diadaptasi dari pustaka terpublikasi. Ketepatan rekomendasi ditetapkan melalui diskusi pakar dan bukti penelitian digunakan sebagai dasar dalam mendefinisikan rekomendasi yang tepat. Data karakteristik partisipan dan ketepatan rekomendasi dianalisis secara deskriptif. Total terdapat 86 partisipan terlibat dalam penelitian ini (response rate 82,69%). Sebagian besar partisipan (91,86%) memberikan rekomendasi obat, dan 61 dari antaranya merekomendasikan obat golongan anti-inflamasi non-steroid (AINS; baik oral maupun topikal). Sebanyak 70,93% partisipan memberikan rekomendasi tepat, yaitu: obat analgesik golongan AINS dan topikal counter-irritantsdengan/tanpa rekomendasi lainnya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan partisipan dalam penelitian ini mampu memberikan rekomendasi yang tepat dalam menanggapi kasus LBP. Namun demikian, penelitian lanjutan untuk mengeksplorasi penyebab ketidaktepatan rekomendasi pada sebagian mahasiswa diperlukan sebagai upaya perbaikan aktivitas pembelajaran dan kurikulum pendidikan
Research on repurposed antivirals currently available in Colombia as treatment alternatives for COVID-19
Authors: Gómez Ríos David Andrés , López-Agudelo Víctor A. , Urrego-Sepúlveda Juan Camilo , Ramirez-Malule Howard Diego
Published: August 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as pandemic on March 2020 by the World Health Organization. This respiratory disease is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and current efforts are focused in finding pharmaceutical alternatives and vaccines for both, preventing and treating the infected patients around the world. After quarantine and lockdown periods, the treatment of the disease is still limited to symptomatology management and remission to critical care units of the most severe cases. America accumulate the highest number of cases and casualties and the increased pressure over the economy led to the relaxing of mitigation measures. Several clinical trials involving antivirals have been conducted as available alternatives on the short term to face the increasing rate of contagions while experimental vaccines are properly developed and tested. Scientific literature refers a set of FDA approved drugs as repurposed compounds with potential action on the viral mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. In Colombia some of those substances are currently commercialized as antivirals and antiparasitic over-the-counter drugs, while other drugs also in the panorama are unavailable but potentially accessible in the short term for treating the COVID-19 in Colombia, until a massive vaccination campaign can be deployed in the country.
Protocolo para el mantenimiento de cepas y escalamiento en la producción de microalgas de interés industrial
Authors: Martínez Janet Bibiana García , Machuca-Martinez Fiderman , Cardenas-Gutierrez Ingri Y.
Published: August 2021

Scenedesmus sp. & Chlorella sp., son dos microalgas aisladas de termales localizados en Norte de Santander, las cuales son estudiadas con el fin de explorar su potencial biotecnológico. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo diseñar un protocolo mediante la evaluación de dos factores, el efecto de stress por radiación lumínica y el tiempo de incubación mediante el escalonamiento del cultivo desde Caja Petri en Medio de cultivo Bold basal (BBM) con un tiempo de incubación de 15 días a un tubo Falcon de 15 mL con 10 mL de medio líquido y fue en esta parte donde se evaluó el parámetro de tiempo de incubación, por último fue escalado a un fotobioreactor utilizando un volumen de trabajo de 200 mL, empleando el mismo medio de cultivo con el fin de analizar las variables estudiadas  se empleó un diseño de experimentos de superficie compuesto, central, no factorial en el software STATISTICA 7.0, a partir del cual se obtuvo una ecuación lineal que permitio determinar el tiempo de incubación y fotoperiodo óptimo para una mayor producción de microalgas y como resultados se determinó que en la microalga Scenedesmus sp. los dos factores influyen en la producción de carotenoides; para Chlorella sp. no influye el tiempo de incubación y el fotoperiodo es fundamental en la producción de estos metabolitos.
Manuel Zapata y la Nación inclusiva
Authors: Múnera Alfonso
Published: August 2021

Las vivencias del escritor Manuel Zapata Olivella, sus escritos, su postura política en la defensa de lo nuestro, su actividad gestora en Letras nacionales, su concepción de raza e Identidad y su legado como maestro le ubican en un lugar de preponderancia en la literatura universal, anclado a procesos socioculturales y epistemológicos de vanguardia. El artículo presenta al escritor, y al conjunto de sus escritos, como uno de los más consistentes manifestantes nuestros, contra la colonialidad del poder y por la defensa del arte y la cultura colombianos.
Hugo Salazar Valdés: una poética olvidada
Authors: Martínez Fabio
Published: August 2021

Este ensayo presenta al poeta Hugo Salazar Valdés como un escritor de conocimiento obligatorio para construir el panorama de la poesía colombiana y latinoamericana. Su particularidad como escritor se adjudica a dos hechos fundamentales que son claves en el destino de todo poeta: la región que lo vio nacer: el Chocó, el litoral recóndito y la época que tuvo que vivir: las décadas del treinta y cuarenta, una época signada por las ideas liberales del país; determinada por un país dependiente y atrasado que iba larvando en su interior el signo fatídico de la violencia, producto de las desigualdades sociales y de las exclusiones regionales y raciales.
Las estrellas son negras. Comentarios
Authors: Velasco-Díaz Carlos Alberto
Published: August 2021

Arnoldo Palacios Mosquera
Caribe hiperreal
Authors: Santos-Febres Mayra
Published: August 2021

En este ensayo la escritora demuestra el tránsito que ha tenido la literatura latinoamericana de realismo maravilloso hasta el actual hiperrealismo. El diálogo que se entabla entre la literatura y las artes plásticas desde el concepto Hiperreal, entrega la posibilidad de explorar esas técnicas de representación de la realidad en la manufactura literaria. El rastreo de diferentes artistas y tendencias evidencia que hay nuevos elementos incorporados a la narrativa latinoamericana, configuradores de un mundo diferente al del boom y al del postboom. La nueva literatura posautónoma opera desde los enlaces de la red virtual. Acercarse a estas literaturas implica desarrollar nuevas formas de lectura y de epistemologías.
Yurupari y el canon literario colombiano. Apuntes para una discusión sobre la interculturalidad
Authors: Gómez-Cardona Fabio
Published: August 2021

El texto de Yurupari, recopilado por Max. José Roberto y preservado en su traducción al italiano por el Conde Ermano Stradelli, es la única obra de la tradición mítica amerindia que ha sido plenamente incorporada al canon literario colombiano hasta el momento. En este ensayo se examinan y discuten algunos aspectos relativos a esta obra y al complejo multimedial mítico y ritual del yuruparí, los problemas que genera su múltiple traducción lingüística y cultural, su significación y pervivencia en diversas versiones, entre distintos pueblos de la amazonía colombo-brasilera, y lo que autores relevantes, desde la antropología y desde la literatura, han escrito a propósito del libro.
Mis cincuenta años en los cien de Borges
Authors: Jitrik Noé
Published: August 2021

Este ensayo diserta sobre las posibilidades poéticas y filosóficas que suscita la lectura del texto “Borges y yo”, que desde su título lanza la perspectiva de la identidad de quien escribe y de quien lee. La necesidad de ubicar el acto de la lectura como experiencia fenomenológica, entrega al lector la oportunidad de rehacer el texto confrontando las diversas “realidades” convocadas en la estética “borgiana”.
Guerra de Dioses en Los ríos profundos
Authors: Subirats Eduardo
Published: August 2021

En este ensayo se diserta sobre la novela Los ríos profundos de José María Arguedas desde sus dimensiones realista, autobiográfica y Bildungsroman, integradas y potenciadas en torno a una intuición esencial, aquella que hace temblar interiormente al niño Ernesto ante el misterio del llanto sangriento de los sillares esculpidos que han sobrevivido a la destrucción de la ciudad sagrada de Cuzco, ante la potencia purificadora y regeneradora del río y frente al poder mágico del zumbayllu.
Faustos Latinoamericanos
Authors: Pires Ferreira Jerusa
Published: August 2021

Para intentar manejar un tema como este del Fausto, cuya materia ultrapasa posibles límites, mejor me pareció enfrentar el desafío por partes. Paseando por la floresta textual, preferí considerar el conjunto profuso y siempre abierto como un tejido Fáustico. Así que en la emergencia de este continuo, que opera a la manera de un hipertexto, virtualidad siempre lista para las nuevas articulaciones, muchas y diferentes composiciones se ofrecieron.
Esa cosa que somos, de lo humano en Saramago
Authors: Restrepo Laura
Published: August 2021

ESA COSA QUE SOMOSDe lo humano en Saramago
La negritud inclusiva: veinticinco años de investigación sobre la pluralidad de la negritud en Destellos de la negritud: investigaciones caribeñas, de la Dra. Marie Ramos Rosado
Authors: Zamparelli María D.
Published: August 2021

Destellos de la negritud: investigaciones caribeñas consta de una recopilación de trece ensayos y conferencias de la Dra. Marie Ramos Rosado, catedrática de la Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto de Río Piedras, Puerto Rico, sobre estudios puertorriqueños en el contexto de la negritud y el feminismo en el contexto caribeño. La Dra. Ramos Rosado señala la falta de inclusión del quehacer de estos temas en la historia oficial de Puerto Rico, debido a la falta de equidad. Esta reseña destaca las aportaciones de este documento al acervo cultural, intelectual y político de Puerto Rico, el Caribe, Iberoamérica y los estudios poscoloniales.
Identidades y prácticas de escritura en experiencias docentes
Authors: Cruz Calvo Mery
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo analiza ponencias de maestros y maestras del área de Lenguaje y Literatura sustentadas en los talleres de la Red Colombiana para la Transformación de la Formación Docente en Lenguaje. Como metodología, se recurre a la etnografía educativa en lo relacionado con la interpretación de textos escritos. Las conclusiones permiten identificar diferencias en los estilos de escritura, encontrando dos categorías: monológicas y corales. Igualmente, se rastrean las identidades tejidas con la palabra escrita, demostrando que es una manera de empoderar el trabajo que los docentes hacen con la literatura en diferentes regiones del país. En concordancia con lo anterior, se construye la categoría de momentos críticos de la identidad docente: descubrirla resulta esencial en la valoración de las decisiones que toma el Magisterio para agenciar sus experiencias en el aula, siempre buscando una enseñanza más eficaz para un aprendizaje duradero.
Paradigmas estéticos del teatro colombiano en el siglo XX
Authors: Doménici Mauricio
Published: August 2021

El artículo es una reflexión sobre las épocas y los estilos del teatro colombiano en el siglo XX. No es tanto un recuento histórico, ni exhaustivo, ni descriptivo sobre los hechos, sino una propuesta teórica, una visión, una hipótesis sobre el conjunto de un proceso, en el que se establecen unas coordenadas y se sistematizan ciertos factores culturales y artísticos que han marcado la evolución de este teatro. En consecuencia, postulamos la existencia de cuatro paradigmas: el teatro español, el teatro moderno, el teatro de creación colectiva y el teatro pos-moderno. En cada uno de ellos se pueden identificar ciertos patrones formales, un imaginario poético y una concepción social. La idea es trazar un panorama de conjunto, las líneas gruesas del camino que ha seguido el teatro nacional y sus épocas.
Editorial
Authors: Bautista Cabrera Álvaro
Published: August 2021

Educación, formación y literatura es el tema del presente número 52. En tiempos en que el aura presencial de los estudiantes se reemplazó por un aura enigmática, sin rostro, sin conectividad eficiente, la literatura podría acoger investigaciones al respecto, como acicate para la Maestría en Didáctica de la literatura, de la Escuela de Estudios Literarios, la cual se inicia en el presente año. Quizá desarrollos de esta maestría permitan un más copioso panorama y exposición del problema de la educación y formación en la literatura y de la literatura en la educación.
Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infections: Current Concepts and Challenges
Authors: C Avgoustou , Ch Avgoustou
Published: August 2021

Necrotizing Soft-Tissue Infection (NSTI) and the most fulminant form of it, Necrotizing Fasciitis (NF), are rather uncommon but severe and destructive infectious diseases with high rates of mortality. Yearly incidence is reported to be 0.4 cases per 100,000 habitats, while reported mortality ranges from 21% to 43% [1].
Effect of acute normobaric hypoxia on passively simulated illusions: A double-blind randomized study
Authors: Iyer SK , Kumar A , Mohapatra SS
Published: August 2021

Introduction:

Number of accidents in the past four decades in rotary wing flying in high altitude areas in the Indian Air Force have been attributed to spatial disorientation (SD) or hypoxia or both. Although the two aviation stressors; hypoxia and SD, have been studied independently, literature is scant on the combined effects of the two notorious factors in military aviation.

Material and Methods:

In a double-blind randomized control design, 32 healthy volunteers divided into two groups (hypoxia group and normoxia group) of 16 subjects each, participated in the study. Subjects in the hypoxia group were exposed to normobaric hypoxia with pre-mixed gases in cylinders with nitrox gas (simulating altitude of 22,000 ft) and the normoxia group was exposed to normal air. Autokinesis time (AT) and vestibular adaptation time (VAT) during acceleration and deceleration, in both clockwise and counter-clockwise turns, were studied as surrogates for SD in both hypoxia group and normoxia group in Disorientation Simulator.

Results:

Mean AT showed a statistically significant decrease (t = −2.2, P = 0.039) in hypoxia group compared to normoxia group. Similarly, a statistically significant reduction (F = 5.989, P = 0.016) in mean VAT was observed in in hypoxia group compared to normoxia group. There was no significant difference in the VAT in clockwise and counter-clockwise yaw rotation in both the groups.

Conclusion:

A significant reduction in AT indicates that hypoxia may increase the onset of autokinesis early. The changes in VAT in hypoxic conditions bring out a possible effect of hypoxia on the adaptability of the vestibular system in the angular motion environment.
The evolving role of precision medicine in the management of advanced sarcomas – A mini review
Authors: Reddy L. Rohit , Rasheed Azgar Abdul , Rastogi Sameer
Published: August 2021

Sarcomas are a heterogenous group of cancers, traditionally with dismal outcomes. They were initially treated with histology agnostic chemotherapy-based regimens usually centered around anthracyclines. With the availability of molecular diagnostics especially next-generation sequencing, the advanced genomics of sarcomas was slowly unveiled. Precision medicine not only enables a better diagnosis in sarcomas but also allows in identifying better targets for treatment of sarcoma subtypes. GENSARC study proved that using correct molecular diagnostics, enabled in a better diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). Notable examples of targeted therapies with great success in sarcomas include imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastrointestinal stromal tumors, neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase inhibitors infantile fibrosarcoma, and crizotinib in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors. Thus, treatment of sarcomas has been gradually changing from traditional chemotherapy-based treatments to the modern targeted therapy. In this review, we hope to impress on the evolving role of precision medicine in sarcoma subtypes especially STS.
Pathogenesis as a problem of functional incompetence and imbalance in the population of T-lymphocytes
Authors: Геворкян Н.М. , Тишевская Н.В.
Published: August 2021

Цель обзора - анализ клеточной основы патогенеза различных заболеваний в свете регуляторной роли Т-лимфоцитов. Рассматривается роль поликлонального многообразия популяции Т-лимфоцитов, особых свойств этих клеток-представителей гомеостатической системы организма в физиологических процессах в норме и при патологии. Указаны перспективы терапевтического и профилактического воздействий, связанные с использованием суммарных РНК нормальных лимфоидных клеток аллогенной и ксеногенной природы. Указана также возможность создания с помощью лимфоцитарных суммарных РНК адекватных моделей заболеваний человека на пути к развитию персонифицированной медицины.

This review provides an analysis of the cellular basis of the pathogenesis of various diseases in the light of the regulatory role of T-lymphocytes. The role of the polyclonal diversity of the population of T-lymphocytes, the special properties of these cells-representatives of the homeostatic system of the body, in physiological processes in health and disease is considered. Prospects for therapeutic and prophylactic effects associated with the use of total RNA of normal lymphoid cells of allogeneic and xenogenic origin are indicated. The possibility of creating, using lymphocytic total RNA, adequate models of human diseases for the development of personalized medicine is also indicated.
Molecular markers of acute kidney injury (review)
Authors: Мальцева Л.Д. , Лакомова Д.Ю. , Морозов Д.А. , Захарова Н.Б. , Манасова З.Ш. , Морозова О.Л.
Published: August 2021

Несмотря на высокую частоту встречаемости острого повреждения почек (ОПП), диагностика его ранних этапов затруднена в связи с низкой чувствительностью и специфичностью стандартных методов исследования. Общеклинические и биохимические показатели крови и мочи не позволяют прогнозировать течение и исход патологии. Целью данного обзора явилась систематизация литературных данных относительно молекулярных маркёров ОПП. Проведён анализ белее ста источников по таким базам индексирования, как Scopus, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library. Учитывались как факторы риска возникновения и прогрессирования заболевания, так и механизмы развития ОПП, а также маркеры его диагностики и прогноза исходов. Подробно представлены генетические аспекты возникновения и развития ОПП и перспективные методы ранней диагностики. Установлена возможность использования молекулярных маркёров для определения степени тяжести процесса. Предполагается, что идентификация конкретных генов и биомаркёров начальных стадий ОПП улучшит диагностику и поможет прогнозировать течение заболевания и его исходы.

Despite the high incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), diagnosis of its early stages is difficult due to low sensitivity and specificity of standard study methods. General clinical and biochemical blood and urine tests cannot predict the course and outcome of the disease. The aim of this review was to systematize reports of molecular markers for AKI. More than a hundred sources indexed in Scopus, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library were analyzed. Both risk factors of AKI onset and progression and its mechanisms, and its diagnostic and predictive markers were included in the analysis. The review focused on genetic aspects of AKI onset and development and on promising methods for early diagnosis. A possibility of using molecular markers to determine the AKI severity has been demonstrated. The authors suggested that identifying specific genes and biomarkers for early stages of AKI would improve the diagnosis and the prediction of AKI course and outcome.
Social Media and Mental Health
Authors: Carboni Jiménez Andrea , Vaillancourt Monica , Zhu Patricia , Seon Quinta
Published: August 2021

There are seemingly opposing findings on social media’s effect on mental well-being. Some studies report no detrimental effects, others no association and others even positive or buffering effects. However, social media has rapidly evolved in a short span of time and so has people’s use of the platforms. Collecting an accurate measure of social media use and other methodological challenges particularly affect data in this area. In this commentary, we discuss two longitudinal studies to elaborate these contracting findings on social media and mental health.