bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New Cone Shell (Conidae) from the South China Sea
Authors: Petuch Edward , Berschauer David
Published: September 2021

A new species of the biconic, deep water conid genus Turriconus Shikama and Habe, 1968 has been discovered in the bathyal zones south of the Pratas Islands, South China Sea. This new taxon, Turriconus takahashii new species, superficially resembles T. excelsus (Sowerby III, 1908), both in size and shape and is one of the largest species in the genus Turriconus
A New Subspecies of Viduoliva (Olividae) from Northern Queensland,
Authors: Petuch Edward , Berschauer David
Published: September 2021

A new intertidal olive shell of the genus Viduoliva Petuch and Sargent, 1986 is described from northern Queensland, Australia. Although referred to as “Oliva elegans” and “Oliva vidua” in recent works, this large and commonly-encountered olivid is now known to represent an eastern subspecies of the wide-ranging northwestern and northern Australian (Dampierian Province) Viduoliva westralis (Petuch and Sargent, 1986). The new subspecific taxon, Viduoliva westralis elodieae new subspecies, differs in having a smaller and much more inflated shell and in having a lower, less-exerted spire.
Haliotis papulata Reeve 1846 (Vetigastropoda: Haliotidae), the pimpled abalone, is the correct name for the small Indo-West Pacific abalone referred to as Haliotis thailandis Dekker & Patamakanthin 2001 and not as a synonym of Haliotis varia Linnaeus 1758
Authors: Owen Buzz , Pan Aaron , Raffety Arjay
Published: September 2021

The syntypes of Haliotis papulata Reeve 1846 have been re-examined and are found to not represent specimens of H. varia Linnaeus 1758. Haliotis papulata appears to be the correct name for specimens that are currently considered H. thailandis Dekker & Patamakanthin 2001. The synonymy of Haliotis thailandis within H. papulata provides a more detailed understanding of the distribution of the species and its probable close phylogenetic relationships with the Indo-Pacific abalone species, Haliotis unilateralis Lamarck 1822 and H. clathrata Reeve 1846
New Species of Mollusks (Gastropoda and Bivalvia) from the Tropical Western Atlantic, West Africa, and Red Sea
Authors: Petuch Edward , Berschauer David
Published: September 2021

Eight new species of mollusks are described from the Gulf of Mexico, Virgin Islands, and Brazil in the Tropical Western Atlantic, and also Gambia, West Africa and the Gulf of Aqaba, northern Red Sea. These new taxa include: the muricid Jaton rikae n. sp. from Gambia; six cone shells including Darioconus bratcherae n. sp. from the Gulf of Aqaba, Jaspidiconus tammymyersae n. sp. from the Virgin Islands, and the Brazilian species Jaspidiconus ramosorum n. sp., Jaspidiconus serafimi n. sp., Jaspidiconus toincabrali n. sp., and Poremskiconus potiguar n. sp.; and the Floridian Ten Thousand Islands endemic venerid bivalve Mercenaria browni n. sp..
A Novel Routing Network Algorithm Via Neutrosphic Fuzzy Set Approach
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, Tamilnadu, India, Prabha S.Krishna , said Broumi ,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, B.P 7955, Sidi Othman, Casablanca, Morocco, Topal Selçuk ,   Department of Mathematics, Arts and Sciences Faculty, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis, Turkey
Published: September 2021

Routers steer and bid network data, through packets that hold a variety of categories of data such as records, messages, and effortless broadcasts like web interfaces. The procedure of choosing a passageway for traffic in a network or between several networks is called routing. Starting from telephone networks to public transportation the principles of routing are applied. Routing is the higher-level decision-making that directs network packets from their source en route for their destination through intermediate network nodes by specific packet forwarding mechanisms. The main function of the router is to set up optimized paths among the different nodes in the network. An efficient novel routing algorithm is proposed with the utilization of neutrosophic fuzzy logic in this work addition to many routing algorithms for finding the optimal path in the literature. In this approach, each router makes its own routing decision in the halting time. Various concepts like routing procedures, most expected vector, most expected object, and list of estimated delays are explained.
Neutrosophic δ-Open Maps and Neutrosophic δ-Closed Maps
Authors:   PG and Research Department of Mathematics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Karur - 639 005, India, Vadivel A. , Sundar C. John ,   Department of Mathematics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, India
Published: September 2021

The neutrosophic δ-open set is one of the strongest forms of neutrosophic topological spaces. In this article, we introduce the concept of neutrosophic δ-open maps and neutrosophic δ-closed maps and investigate their neighbor maps such as δS, δp & e* open maps and closed maps of neutrosophic topological spaces. Also, we analyze some of their related properties and extension to neutrosophic e*- homeomorphism and neutrosophic e* T½-space in neutrosophic topological spaces. Furthermore, these kinds of δ-open functions have strong application in the area of neural networks and image processing theory.
COVID-19 Decision-Making Model using Extended Plithogenic Hypersoft Sets with Dual Dominant Attributes
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Arul Anandar College (Autonomous), Karumathur, Martin Nivetha , Smarandache Florentin ,   Department of Mathematics, University of New Mexico, Gallup, NM 87301, USA, said Broumi ,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
Published: September 2021

Plithogenic Hypersoft set is the multi-argument function with plithogenic universe of discourse and single dominant attribute value. The theory of plithogenic sets deals with the attributes and it is of the form (P, a, V, d, c) characterized by the degree of appurtenance and contradiction. This paper introduces the approach of plithogenic hypersoft sets with two independent dominant attribute values pertaining to each attribute to handle the dual system of decision making. The proposed decision-making model is validated with the data of the present COVID -19 pandemic situations. The objective of the model is to rank the patients being identified as asymptotic and affected using the Frequency Matrix Multi Attributes Decision-making system. Combined plithogenic hypersoft representations of the degree of appurtenance between the patients and the attribute values make the decision-making model more comprehensive and feasible. The developed model can be extended to another decision-making environment with various forms of the degree of appurtenance.
Neutrosophic Soft Bitopological Spaces
Authors:   Ministry of Education Open Educational College, Department of Mathematics, Babylon, Iraq, AL-Nafee Ahmed B. , Broumi Said ,   Laboratory of Information Processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, B.P 7955, Morocco, Smarandache Florentin ,   Deparment of Mathematics ,University of New Mexico 705 AVE Gallup, NM 87301, USA
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we built bitopological space on the concept of neutrosophic soft set, we defined the basic topological concepts of this spaces which are N3-(bi)*-open set, N3-(bi)*-closed set, (bi)*-neutrosophic soft interior, (bi)* neutrosophic soft closure, (bi)*-neutrosophic soft boundary, (bi)*-neutrosophic soft exterior and we introduced their properties. In addition, we investigated the relations of these basic topological concepts with their counterparts in neutrosophic soft topological spaces and we introduced many examples.
Indeterminacy in Neutrosophic Theories and their Applications
Authors:   Mathematics, Physics and Natural Sciences Division,The University of New Mexico, 705 Gurley Ave., Gallup, NM 87301, USA, Smarandache Florentin
Published: September 2021

Indeterminacy makes the main distinction between fuzzy/intuitionistic fuzzy (and other extensions of fuzzy) set/logic vs. neutrosophic set/logic, and between classical probability and neutrosophic probability. Also, between classical statistics vs. neutrosophic and plithogenic statistics, between classical algebraic structures vs. neutrosophic algebraic structures, between crisp numbers vs. neutrosophic numbers. We present a broad definition of indeterminacy, various types of indeterminacies, and many practical applications.
Single-valued Plithogenic graph for handling multi-valued attribute data and its context
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management-Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India, Singh Prem Kumar
Published: September 2021

Recently, several researchers paid attention to dealing with uncertainty in data with neutrosophic attributes. In this process, a problem is addressed while dealing with contradiction and its impact on decision-making. It is considered as one of the major issues for data science researchers working in a three-way fuzzy concept lattice. To deal with this issue, the current paper tried to introduce the algebra of a single-valued Plithogenic graph and its visualization based on infimum and supremum. The proposed method is also demonstrated with an illustrative example for better understanding.
Compostos bioactivos de papas para alimentação complementar
Authors: Fonseca Camila Pizzano , Tamashiro Fernanda A. , Rosso Veridiana Vera de , Speridião Patricia da Graça Leite
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: verificar a presença de compostos bioativos em papas principais, recomendadas para alimentação complementar. Métodos: a amostra foi constituída por seis preparações de papas principais, escolhidas aleatoriamente, cujas receitas são encontradas em dois manuais de orientação alimentar infantil, veiculados no Brasil. Análise dos compostos bioativos, com base nos compostos fenólicos totais, ácido ascórbico, carotenóides e a concentração de vitamina A pré-formada de cada papa, foi realizada. Resultados: os teores de compostos fenólicos variaram entre 25,8mg e 33,8mg/100g. Os níveis de ácido ascórbico apresentaram valores entre 10,8mg/100 g e 87,8mg/100 g. Em relação ao conteúdo total de carotenóides, encontrou-se valores entre 7,4?g/100g a 177,8mg/100 g. Quanto à presença de vitamina A, os valores obtidos variaram de 266 e 322mg/100g. Conclusão: as papas principais propostas nesses manuais apresentam quantidade significativa de compostos bioativos.
What do software team managers want from a skills identification?
Authors: Flauzino Matheus A. , Souza Mauricio R. D. A. , Durelli Vinicius H. S. , Durelli Rafael S.
Published: September 2021

Searching for developers with the necessary skills to work effectively on a project is not an easy task for companies. For software team managers, it is important to know their team's experience and what technologies they are using in order to be able to allocate resources optimally. Therefore, in this paper, we decided to study the needs of the managers of a software development company in order to identify their team's skills. We carried out a focus group. We have interviewed 11 managers from a development company (with approximately 75 developers). As result we have mapped 5 issues, 4 possible applications and another 7 needs to create a new methodology for identifying skills. Finally, we conclude that managers are interested in a methodology to identify skills in business flow.
Uma Análise da Co-Evolução de Teste em Projetos de Software no GitHub
Authors: Miranda Charles , Avelino Guilherme , Santos Neto Pedro , da Silva Victor
Published: September 2021

Os sistemas de software evoluem e essa evolução requer modificações em seu código-fonte para a realização de alterações, como correções de bugs, melhorias de desempenho ou adição de novas funcionalidades. Tendo em vista a importância da realização de testes para garantir a qualidade de um software, modificações no código-fonte devem ser acompanhadas de alterações e incrementos do código de teste. Entretanto, testes e a co-evolução desse muitas vezes são negligenciados no desenvolvimento de projetos de software, podendo resultar em maior esforço e custo para manter o projeto. Neste trabalho, através da análise de um grande dataset, composto pelo histórico de desenvolvimento de 3.000 projetos hospedados no Github, investigamos como artefatos de código-fonte e teste evoluem. Através da aplicação de técnicas de clusterização identificamos cinco padrões comuns de crescimento de teste. Adicionalmente, ao contrastar dados dos repositórios identificados com co-evolução e sem coevolução foi observado que os primeiros apresentam maiores níveis de contribuição (commits, colaboradores e forks).
Institutionalization of State Support and Development of Sectoral Entrepreneurship of Rural Areas
Authors: Forkun Iryna V. , Prystemskyi Oleksandr S. , Chernenko Olha S. , Chkan Iryna A. , Yakusheva Inna Ye.
Published: September 2021

The article presents the implementation of the results of supporting sectoral entrepreneurship in rural areas as a multifunctional and multi-channel process of formation, attraction, and use of financial resources provided by the rules of the institutional environment of state policy. A methodical approach to the integrated assessment of indicators of the target direction of the involved financial resources of the state and their impact on the development of sectoral entrepreneurship in rural areas is presented. It is proved that the specific criteria that determine the scenarios of consolidation of tax revenues to local rural budgets are minimization of discretion, compensation, and compromise, budget adequacy, complementarities, as well as the sequence of changes in parameters and flexibility of the tax system which allows responding quickly to changes in the institutional environment of state support of sectoral entrepreneurship. Indicators of state support for risk insurance of sectoral entrepreneurship, volumes of accumulated revenues of local budgets in decentralized rural areas of Ukraine are analyzed. A cognitive model is proposed. It determines the hypothetical ability of the multifactorial system of the institutional environment of state policy to influence the level of financial capacity of sectoral enterprises, taking into account the tax burden and targeted use of state financial resources for production, processing, and storage of agricultural products as well as to update the technological process
Alkoholio žalos suvokimo įtaka blaivybės judėjimams palaikyti XIX a. ir XX a. pradžioje
Authors: Tamutienė Ilona
Published: September 2021

Šio straipsnio tikslas – atskleisti alkoholio žalos vaidmens suvokimą blaivybės judėjimų (BJ) ir juos rėmusių skirtingų interesų grupių viešosios politikos siekiniuose. Tikslui pasiekti keliami uždaviniai: 1) aprašyti alkoholio politikos interesus; 2) atskleisti, kaip alkoholio žala buvo suvokiama klasikinio liberalizmo kontekste; 3) identifikuoti, kaip alkoholio žalą pozicionavo BJ; 4) išskirti BJ palaikiusias interesų grupes bei politinį atsaką į socialinių grupių reikalavimą. Straipsnis remiasi literatūros apžvalga bei interpretacija. Blaivybės hegemonijos (XIX a. ir XX a. pr.) laikotarpiu socialiniai judėjimai ir skirtingos interesų grupės alkoholio žalą suvokė holistiškai: pradedant geriančiuoju, bet pabrėžiant bendruomenės interesą. Klasikinis liberalizmas alkoholio žalą kitiems nei geriantysis laikė pagrįstu principu riboti geriančiojo laisvę. Atsižvelgiant į moralinį reguliavimą, blaivybė buvo dorybė ir aukštesnio statuso tapatybės bruožas, siejamas su asmens orumu, verte, produktyvumu, sveiku ir išsilavinusiu (ar to siekiančio) piliečiu.  Socialiniai judėjimai, propagavę ir palaikę blaivybę, leido žmogui rinktis tarp dviejų kraštutinių alternatyvų, iš kurių viena vedė į degradaciją, kita – į klestėjimą. Šalia BJ, kurių nariai duodavo priesaiką nevartoti alkoholio, neskatinti kitų ir propaguoti blaivybę, buvo daug juos palaikiusių interesų grupių: moterys, kurios siekė šeimos ir šalies gerovės bei savo teisių; darbininkai, kurie siekė savo teisių; kapitalistai, kuriems reikėjo blaivių darbuotojų; socialistai, kuriems reikėjo darbininkų balsų; bolševikai, kuriems reikėjo blaivių darbininkų proletarinei sąmonei ugdyti. Blaivybė buvo išsilaisvinimo iš vergijos ir baudžiavos, tautinės sąmonės ugdymo, suverenios valstybės kūrimo priemonė, skatinusi išsilavinimą ir sveikatą. Blaivybę palaikė eugenikos, higienizmo, rasės gryninimo judėjimai. Per individualų ir kolektyvinį veiksmą BL blaivų gyvenimą įprasmino kaip aukštesnių tikslų siekimo priemonę. Siekiant blaivybei tinkamos aplinkos, reikėjo griežtos alkoholio politikos: nuo griežto licencijavimo iki visiškos prohibicijos.
Die Festkultur Mariä Himmelfahrt in Warendorf
Authors: Lamers Silke
Published: September 2021

The Assumption is a Solemnity of the Catholic Church that is celebrated on 15 August. In Warendorf, in the Münsterland region, this is celebrated in a special way. Pilgrimages to the image of the 'Glorious Virgin of Warendorf' take place. The veneration of Mary in the town is expressed in many different ways in the artistic and musical spheres. Every year, new approaches and ideas emerge as to how the veneration of Mary can be expressed. The imposing arches that span the streets of the historic city centre and the various processions in the festive culture have a long tradition. The illumination of the city centre on Saturday evening is a particular highlight for visitors.
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement: Evolution and Future Development
Authors: Ya’qoub Lina , Eng Marvin
Published: September 2021

We will review transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) and discuss this evolving cutting edge procedure in terms of types (valve in valve, valve in ring and valve in mitral annular calcification MAC), clinical indications, pre-procedural planning and value of pre-procedural imaging including computed tomography role, technical challenges encountered in these procedures, potential complications for each type of TMVR, and potential strategies to mitigate and avoid such complications, We will review the currently available devices dedicated for mitral valve replacement, with a summary of their preliminary data and early outcome results. We will also discuss knowledge gaps and ideas for future research.
Ant Algorithms for Routing in Wireless Multi-Hop Networks
Authors: Umlauft Martina , Elmenreich Wilfried
Published: September 2021

Wireless Multi-Hop Networks (such as Mobile Ad hoc Networks, Wireless Sensor Networks, and Wireless Mesh Networks) promise improved flexibility, reliability, and performance compared to conventional Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) or sensor installations. They can be deployed quickly to provide network connectivity in areas without existing backbone/back-haul infrastructure, such as disaster areas, impassable terrain, or underserved communities. Due to their distributed nature, routing algorithms for these types of networks have to be self-organized. Ant routing is a bio-inspired self-organized method for routing, which is a promising approach for routing in such Wireless Multi-Hop Networks. This chapter provides an introduction to Wireless Multi-Hop Networks, their specific challenges, and an overview of the ant algorithms available for routing in such networks.
A Struma Ovarii Associated with Pseudo-Meigs’ Syndrome is Misdiagnosed as Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Ghasemian Dizaj Mehr Sedigheh , Ayatollahi Haleh , Mohammadi Afshin , Naji Haddadi Siamak , Rashidi Fakari Farzaneh
Published: September 2021

Introduction: A struma ovarii is a benign monodermal teratoma, composed of mature thyroid tissue. The presentation of this disease with pseudo-Meigs’ syndrome [characterized by ascites, pleural effusions, and elevated cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) levels] may result in an advanced ovarian cancer misdiagnosis. Case Presentation: The patient was a 54-year-old woman with dyspnea, abdominal distention, and pseudo-Meigs’ syndrome. She had a final diagnosis of struma ovarii, misdiagnosed as advanced ovarian cancer. She is currently asymptomatic (after surgery) and has a normal CA-125 level. Conclusions: The preoperative diagnosis of struma ovarii is difficult, and if it presents with pseudo-Meigs’ syndrome, it may be initially misdiagnosed as advanced ovarian cancer. Using the frozen-section procedure, unnecessary extensive surgeries can be prevented.
Relationship Between Personality Traits and Psychological Vulnerability: Mediating Role of Smartphone Social Network Usage
Authors: Mohammadpanah Ardakan Azra , Choobforoushzadeh Azadeh , Amini Razieh , Rezaei Shahreza Zahra
Published: September 2021

Background: According to the spread and popularity of social networks and easy access to them through smartphones, the impact of these networks’ long-term application and consequences, including psychological vulnerability, could not be ignored. Objectives: The present study investigated the mediating role of using smartphone social networks considering personality traits and psychological vulnerability. Methods: The research population included all users (over 18 years of age) of social networks in Isfahan, Iran, from which 250 individuals (i.e. 96 male and 154 female subjects) were selected. The research method was descriptive and causal-correlational. For data collection, the short-form five-factor personality questionnaire neuroticism-extraversion-openness (NEO), the smartphone social media addiction questionnaire, and a psychological vulnerability questionnaire were used. The Pearson correlation coefficient and the path analysis of structural equation modeling were employed to analyze the data. Results: The findings revealed that among personality factors, neuroticism and low extraversion could explain the use of social networks in a significant and desirable way. Moreover, using social networks could explain psychological vulnerability in the form of causal-structural relationships. Conclusions: The findings indicated a relatively good fit of the measurement model. Accordingly, the variable of social network usage plays a mediating role in the relationship between psychological vulnerability and some personality traits.
Prevalence of Virulence Genes and Drug Resistance Profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated From Clinical Specimens
Authors: Bazghandi Seyed Ali , Arzanlou Mohsen , Peeridogaheh Hadi , Vaez Hamid , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Khademi Farzad
Published: September 2021

Background: Drug resistance and virulence genes are two key factors for the colonization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in settings with high antibiotic pressure, such as hospitals, and the development of hospital-acquired infections. Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of drug resistance and virulence gene profiles in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Ardabil, Iran. Methods: A total of 84 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from clinical specimens of Ardabil hospitals and confirmed using laboratory standard tests. The disk diffusion method was used for antibiotic susceptibility testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of P. aeruginosa virulence genes. Results: The highest and the lowest antibiotic resistance rates of P. aeruginosa strains were against ticarcillin-clavulanate (94%) and doripenem (33.3%), respectively. In addition, the frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa was 55.9%. The prevalence of virulence factor genes was as follows: algD 84.5%, lasB 86.9%, plcH 86.9%, plcN 86.9%, exoU 56%, exoS 51.2%, toxA 81%, nan1 13.1%, and pilB 33.3%. A significant association was observed between resistance to some antibiotics and the prevalence of virulence genes in P. aeruginosa. Conclusions: Our results revealed a high prevalence of antibiotic resistance, especially MDR, and virulence-associated genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Ardabil hospitals. Owing to the low resistance rates against doripenem, gentamicin, and tobramycin, these antibiotics are recommended for the treatment of infections caused by highly resistant and virulent P. aeruginosa strains.
Rare, deep-water and similar: revision of Sibogasyrinx (Conoidea: Cochlespiridae)
Authors: Kantor Yuri I. , Puillandre Nicolas
Published: September 2021

The genus Sibogasyrinx has to date included only four species of rare deep-water Conoidea, each known from few specimens. In shell characters it strongly resembles three distantly-related genera, two of which, Comitas and Leucosyrinx, belong to a different family, the Pseudomelatomidae. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of a large amount of material of Conoidea has revealed the existence of much additional undescribed diversity within Sibogasyrinx from the central Indo-Pacific and temperate Northern Pacific. Based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cox1 gene and morphological characters of 54 specimens, 10 species hypotheses are proposed, of which six are described as new species: S. subula sp. nov., S. lolae sp. nov., S. maximei sp. nov., S. clausura sp. nov., S. pagodiformis sp. nov. and S. elbakyanae Kantor, Puillandre & Bouchet sp. nov. One of the previously described species was absent in our material. Most of the new species are very similar and are compared to Leucosyrinx spp. Species of Sibogasyrinx are unique among Conoidea on account of the high intrageneric variability in radular morphology. Three distinct radula types are found within Sibogasyrinx, two of which are confined to highly supported subclades.
The Fire Inside
Authors: Motturi Aleksander , Josefsson Kira
Published: September 2021

In this semi-biographical short story, the relationship between James Baldwin and Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, and its culmination in their epic confrontation in New York City on 24 May 1963, is portrayed through the lens of an unidentified fictive narrator. In the midst of heightened racial tensions, Baldwin has been tasked with bringing together a delegation of prominent Black US personalities to meet with the Attorney General and share their views on the measures necessary to combat segregation and racism. The meeting has barely begun before the naivety of the administration’s view of the national situation becomes clear, and the atmosphere in the room grows increasingly strained. “The Fire Inside” has never before appeared in print. An earlier version of the story was broadcast by Swedish Radio on 29 November 2019.
“Indisputably Available”
Authors: Pavlić Ed
Published: September 2021

Spurred on by Colson Whitehead’s Pulitzer Prize-winning novel The Nickel Boys (2019), which is set in Tallahassee, FL, during the 1950s and 1960s, this essay presents a close-up look at James Baldwin’s visit to Tallahassee in May 1960. Moving between Baldwin’s writings about the South, especially “They Can’t Turn Back,” published by Mademoiselle magazine in August 1960, and subsequent writing about the movement in Tallahassee, and checking off against Whitehead’s fictional treatment, we find a lattice of silences obscuring the names and contributions of Black women. Most importantly, we find that the historic case of the rape of Betty Jean Owens in May 1959, and the subsequent trial that summer, appears neither in Baldwin’s nor Whitehead’s writing about Tallahassee at the time. This essay establishes the missing names of Black women in the places marked and unmarked by Baldwin in his work at the time, and puts the case of Betty Jean Owens on the historical map where it belongs. In so doing, we figure issues of race, gender, sex, and violence for the ways they twist together, ways suppressed in historical (and even some contemporary) writing, ways crucial to our deepening consideration of Baldwin’s work and the history which he drew upon and to which he contributed so profoundly.
The Devil Finds Work
Authors: Miller D. Quentin
Published: September 2021

Baldwin’s The Devil Finds Work (1976) has proven challenging since its publication because readers and critics have trouble classifying it. The challenge may be related to a common feature of Baldwin criticism, namely a tendency to compare late career works to early ones and to find them lacking: the experimental nature of later works of nonfiction like No Name in the Street (1972), The Devil Finds Work, and The Evidence of Things Not Seen (1985) does not square easily with the more conventional essays that made Baldwin famous in his early years. I attempt to reframe The Devil Finds Work not through a comparison to other Baldwin essays, but rather through a comparison to his fiction, specifically the novel Giovanni’s Room. I posit that a greater appreciation for Devil can result from thinking of it as a story, specifically the story of a failed love affair.
“In the Name of Love”
Authors: Hemming Matty
Published: September 2021

This essay explores Black queer feminist readings of the sexual politics of James Baldwin’s Another Country. Recent work at the intersection of queer of color critique and Black feminism allows us to newly appreciate Baldwin’s prescient theorization of the workings of racialized and gendered power within the erotic. Previous interpretations of Another Country have focused on what is perceived as a liberal idealization of white gay male intimacy. I argue that this approach requires a selective reading of the novel that occludes its more complex portrayal of a web of racially fraught, power-stricken, and often violent sexual relationships. When we de-prioritize white gay male eroticism and pursue analyses of a broader range of erotic scenes, a different vision of Baldwin’s sexual imaginary emerges. I argue that far from idealizing, Another Country presents sex within a racist, homophobic, and sexist world to be a messy terrain of pleasure, pain, and political urgency. An unsettling vision, to be sure, but one that, if we as readers are to seek more equitable erotic imaginaries, must be reckoned with.
Genetic diversity across the mitochondrial genome of eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Rue Chani R. , Selwyn Jason D. , Cockett Patricia M. , Gillis Bryan , Gurski Lauren , Jose Philip , Kutil Brandi L. , Magnuson Sharon F. , Ángela López de Mesa Luz , Overath R Deborah , Smee Delbert Lee , Bird Christopher E.
Published: September 2021

The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, is divided into four populations along the western North Atlantic, however, the only published mitochondrial genome sequence was assembled using one individual in Delaware. This study aimed to (1) assemble C. virginica mitochondrial genomes from Texas with pooled restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ezRAD), (2) evaluate the validity of the mitochondrial genome assemblies including comparison with Sanger sequencing data, and (3) evaluate genetic differentiation both between the Delaware and Texas genomes, as well as among three bays in Texas. The pooled-genome-assembled-genomes (PAGs) from Texas exhibited several characteristics indicating that they were valid, including elevated nucleotide diversity in non-coding and the third position of codons, placement as the sister haplotype of the genome from Delaware in a phylogenetic reconstruction of Crassostrea mitochondrial genomes, and a lack of genetic structure in the ND4 gene among the three Texas bays as was found with Sanger amplicons in samples from the same bays several years prior. In the comparison between the Delaware and Texas genome, 27 of 38 coding regions exhibited variability between the two populations, which were differentiated by 273 mutations, versus 1–13 mutations among the Texas samples. Using the full PAGs, there was no additional evidence for population structure among the three Texas bays. While population genetics is rapidly moving towards larger high-density datasets, studies of mitochondrial DNA (and genomes) can be particularly useful for comparing historic data prior to the modern era of genomics. As such, being able to reliably compile mitochondrial genomes from genomic data can improve the ability to compare results across studies.
Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Evaluation of Bony Lesions
Authors: Singhvi Arpita , Negi SR , Jain Hemant , Dewal Meeta , Joshi Rajnee , Kalla AR
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is increasingly being recognised for its diagnostic utility in evaluation of bone tumours. Though open surgical biopsy is the procedure of choice for diagnosis of bony tumours. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and reliability of FNAC in diagnosis of bony tumours. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 40 patients with bony lesions from July 2018 to December 2019 in tertiary level centre of Rajasthan. The FNAC was performed after clinical and radiological assessment. The smears were stained using standard techniques. Also, open biopsy was performed in the patients who presented with bony lesions of patients and slides prepared for histopathological examination using standard techniques. The data was entered in Excel sheets and the results were evaluated using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. Results: Adequate material was obtained in FNAC in 29 (72.5%) cases. Out of 29 cases, FNAC results were accurate in 96.5% cases. False Negative report was obtained in one case with no false positives. Sensitivity of FNAC in diagnosing bony lesions comes to be 90% and Specificity was 100%. The Positive Predictive Value (PPV) was 100% and the Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 95.4%. Conclusion: The FNAC is invaluable tool in primary diagnosis of bony lesions. The technique of obtaining sufficient material though needs to be mastered and will definitely improve with more experience and radiologic correlation.
Expression of Beta-Catenin in Colorectal Carcinoma and its Association with Various Clinicopathological Parameters
Authors: Panda Monika , Panigrahi Ranjita , Nayak Goutami Das , Senapati Urmila , Sahoo Saroj Ranjan , Mohapatra Ipsa
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related mortality globally. It is a source of concern for researchers worldwide and hence, a lot of emphasis is being given towards early detection and targeted drug therapy to improve the survival rate. Aim: To study the expression of beta-catenin in colonic polyps, adenomas and CRC and to associate beta-catenin expression with various clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India from September 2018 to August 2020. Colonoscopic biopsies, mucinous carcinoma and poorly preserved tissue were excluded. Histopathological study and Immunohistochemistry evaluation of beta-catenin was done. Statistical analysis was done by using appropriate tests. A p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Out of 80 cases, 40 cases were benign lesions Non neoplastic polyp and adenoma) and 40 cases were adenocarcinoma. It was observed that benign lesions had maximum cases with preserved membranous expression (36/40) and very few cases (4/40) showed cytoplasmic expression of beta-catenin. But in carcinoma, high cytoplasmic expression was seen in 20/40 (50%) whereas 8/40 (20%) cases had nuclear positivity. Membranous beta-catenin expression was significantly higher in benign lesions than in the malignant lesions (IS:8.75±3.09 versus 4.30±2.70) respectively; (p<0.0001). But cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression was low in benign lesion as compared to malignant lesion (IS: 2.07±3.46 versus 5.35±3.14), respectively; (p<0.0001). However, nuclear beta-catenin expression was extremely low in benign lesions than in malignant lesions (0.08±0.47 versus 1.90±3.49), respectively; (p=0.0016), this difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates the change in beta-catenin expression with gradual transition from predominantly membranous pattern to cytoplasmic or nuclear as we progress from normal colorectal tissues to polyps, benign premalignant lesions and malignant neoplasms. This property of beta-catenin helps in determining malignant potential of various premalignant neoplasms of large intestine which in turn helps in initiating early prophylactic treatment.
Clinical and Histopathogical Characteristics of Salivary Gland Tumours: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Panda Sasmita , Samantara Subrat Kumar , Behera Paresh Kumar , Dash Sashibhusan , Samantaray Sagarika
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Regional record is a useful strategy for the analysis of the clinicohistopathological presentation of Salivary Gland Tumours (SGTs) in a specific population by which appropriate management can be established. Aim: To investigate the clinicohistopathological presentation of SGTs in a tertiary care cancer centre, Odisha, India. Materials and Methods: This single centre hospital based cross-sectional study was carried in Acharya Harihar Post-Graduate Institute of Cancer, Cuttack, Odisha, India. Five years (from January 2015 to December 2019) clinical and histopathological data of SGTs were retrieved from hospital record section. The data collection and analysis was done from January 2019 to December 2020. The SGTs cases were classified under the histological criteria suggested by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2017. Count data were expressed as percentages and differences between the groups were compared using the Chi-square test. The results were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software version 17.0. Results: A total of 319 neoplastic SGTs were included out of which malignant tumours were comprised of 144 (45.14%). Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) was the most common malignant type while Pleomorphic Adenomas (PA) was reported as the most common benign type. The mean±SD age of the patients with benign and malignant tumour was 41.94±13.94 years and 46.09±13.33 years, respectively. The percentage of malignant neoplasms in the minor salivary gland was higher (37/60, 61.66%) than benign tumours. while in major salivary glands, it was found (107/259, 41.31%). In major salivary gland, greater involvement of the parotid gland was observed. The mean tumour size of the major SGT was 3.34±1.09 cm wereas the mean tumour size of the minor salivary gland was 2.35±1.26 cm. Conclusion: The PA and MEC were the most common benign and malignant types respectively. The knowledge regarding histopathological presentation of SGTs in present study would help to pathologist and surgeons for more accurate diagnosis and further management. As, the preoperative diagnosis of SGTs is very challenging,further study in this regard is needed.
Female Adnexal Tumour of Wolffian Origin: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Dey Soumit , Ray Pritam , Bhattacharya Debasish , Chaudhuri Mrinal Kanti , Dutta Subir Kumar
Published: September 2021

Female Adnexal Tumour of Wolffian Origin (FATWO) is a rare tumour occurring in adnexal region, arising from the remnants of the mesonephric duct, in places like the broad ligament, fallopian tube, ovarian hilum, peritoneum. Here the authors have reported a case of FATWO in a 47-year-old woman occurring in the wall of fallopian tube and confirmed with immunohistochemistry. Most of these tumours behave in a benign fashion but certain histological features like hypercellularity, cellular pleomorphism and nuclear atypia cause significant confusion in histopathological diagnosis. Multiple differential diagnoses were considered. After careful histopathological examination and thorough investigation with multiple immunohistochemical stains, the diagnosis was ultimately established.
Levonadifloxacin: A Novel Approved Drug Exhibiting Potent In vitro Activity against Gram Positive Bacterial Isolates from Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Units
Authors: Siddiqui Tasneem , Shamim Rafat , Patel Sangram Singh , Sahu Chinmoy
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Levonadifloxacin is a novel antibiotic belonging to the benzoquinolizine subclass of fluoroquinolone with potent activity against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Quinolone Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (QRSA). Both intravenous levonadifloxacin and its oral formulation have recently been approved in India for the treatment of acute bacterial skin related infections. Aim: To assess the activity of levonadifloxacin against gram positive clinical isolates collected from Intensive Care Units (ICUs) using the disk-diffusion method. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study where non duplicate isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and other gram positive isolates from various clinical samples from all Intensive Care Units (ICUs) were collected from June to December 2020 and subjected to levonadifloxacin susceptibility testing (disk diffusion method) as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, 2020. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 25.0. Results: A total of 142 gram positive clinical isolates collected from all ICUs of the hospital were analysed. These isolates included coagulase negative S. aureus 109 (76.8%), S. aureus 21 (14.8%) and Enterococcus faecalis 12 (8.4%). All the gram positive isolates of the study were susceptible to levonadifloxacin as per the prespecified interpretive criteria identified based on population pharmacokinetic model and Monte Carlo simulation enabled probability of pharmacodynamic target attainment analysis. Conclusion: Results of this in vitro study shows good activity of levonadifloxacin against gram positive isolates including difficult to-treat methicillin resistant staphylococcal isolates collected from ICU patients.
The Frequency of Thyroid Dysfunctions among Patients of Diabetes Mellitus Presenting in Tertiary Care Hospital of a Developing Country
Authors: Arshad Rabia , Maqbool Shahzaib , Arshad Sara , Rehman Fatima , Nadeem Muhammad , Shabir Ruqyia , Mateen Abdul , Rehman Rabia , Ihtesham Arham , Mohamed Waleed Inayat
Published: September 2021

Aims: Thyroid disease is a pathological state associated significantly with diabetes mellitus (DM) Type 1 and Type 2. As the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is on the rise in our population, so the purposed significance of our study was to evaluate the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients of our local population.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study conducted among patients of diabetes (Type 1 and Type 2) from September 2020 to March 2021 while their visit in Holy family hospital, Rawalpindi, for a routine clinical check-up on an OPD basis.

Methodology: A total of 96 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular medication, 20 to 60 years of age, were included. Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperlipidemia, pregnant females, and those taking medication that can affect thyroid functions (dopamine antagonists, antiepileptics, oral contraceptives, lithium, glucocorticoids) were excluded. A venous blood sample was drawn and sent to the laboratory to analyze thyroid function tests for the presence or absence of any thyroid dysfunction. Data analysis was done through SPSS.v.23. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis was used, and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.97 ± 10.29 years. The majority of the patients, 37.50%, were between 41 to 50 years of age. Out of 96 patients, 61 (63.54%) were male, and 35 (36.46%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.7:1. The majority of patients, 69 (71.88%), had type II diabetes mellitus. The frequency of thyroid dysfunction found in diabetic patients was 30 (31.25%), with hypothyroidism in 19 (19.79%) and hyperthyroidism in 11 (11.46%) patients.

Conclusion: This study deduced that there is a high frequency of thyroid dysfunction in diabetic patients. In the same vein, hypothyroidism was the common thyroid dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus.
Online Teaching Readiness of Teachers in Salesian Schools
Authors: G. Undar Fr. Rooney John , Madrigal Dennis V.
Published: September 2021

Aims: The study assessed Salesian educators’ level of online teaching readiness and the challenges they have encountered during the conduct of online classes.

Study Design: This descriptive-comparative and correlational study gathered data from Salesian Educators as respondents and Bosconians as assessors.

Place and Duration of Study: Salesian Schools in the Philippines during the School Year 2020-2021

Methodology: The study gathered data from 368 Salesian Educators as respondents and 365 Bosconians as assessors using a researcher-made survey. The respondents were the whole population of High School Salesian Educators from the different Salesian Schools in the Philippines with 365 students picked through stratified random sampling. Teachers’ online teaching readiness data were gathered using a researcher-made instrument based on the principles of technological, pedagogical, and attitudinal competencies.

Results: As a whole, Salesian Educators demonstrate very high online teaching readiness with an obtained mean of 3.35 regardless of the teachers’ age, sex, length of service, and online teaching experience. Both the teachers’ assessment (M=3.42, SD=0.34) and the student assessment (M=3.28, SD=0.35) indicated very high online teaching readiness. Moreover, the findings suggest a significant difference in teachers’ online teaching readiness when the assessors are grouped according to teacher and student designation [U=51722.5, p=0.000]. Meanwhile, no significant relationship between age and the teachers’ online teaching readiness [ρ (366) =-0.064, p=0.222], length of service and teachers’ online teaching readiness [ρ (366) =-0.062, p=0.236], online teaching experience and teachers' online teaching readiness [χ2(2) =1.253, p=0.534]. On the other hand, a significant relationship between teachers’ online teaching readiness and sex [χ2(2) =8.811, p=0.012] was established. Majority of teachers' challenges include dealing with passive students (87.5%), following up students (78.8%), dealing with technical difficulties (67.1%).

Conclusion: Salesian Educators are ready to teach online however, teachers must continuously upgrade and update to remain relevant in this fast-paced digital era.
Positive Health Effects of Olive Oil
Authors: Petričević Diana , Velimirović Damir , Drlje Tonči Drlje
Published: September 2021

Olive oil is the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet. Although the use of olive oil has a long history, in recent decades it has experienced a full bloom all over the world. The consumption of olive oil in Croatia, as a Mediterranean country, is modest (2L per capita). This paper discusses basic characteristics of olive oil, with special emphasis on its health effects. Olive oil is rich in chlorophyll, carotenoids, and vitamin E, all of which serve as natural antioxidants, whereas its phenolic components, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol, impact health positively in several ways. In addition to being powerful antioxidants, phenols in olive oil have anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and anticancer properties. They modulate the immune system by affecting white blood cell proliferation and producing cytokine. The oil’s anticancer properties are of particular importance.

Mono-unsaturated fatty acids raise the level of “good cholesterol,” thus preventing the atherosclerosis process. Oleic acid in olive oil is less sensitive to oxidation, which is why it reduces the risk of harmful oxidation products. It has a high biological value and is easily digestible. Its antioxidant components slow down the ageing process and prevent the formation of cancer cells by neutralizing free radicals. It is important to preserve as many biologically active substances of olive oil as possible by properly storing and preparing the oil in order to maximize its effectiveness.