bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A NEW MULTI-SPECTRAL THRESHOLD NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE WATER INDEX (MST-NDWI) WATER EXTRACTION METHOD – A CASE STUDY IN YANHE WATERSHED
Authors: Zhou Y. , Zhao H. , Hao H. , Wang C.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Accurate remote sensing water extraction is one of the primary tasks of watershed ecological environment study. Since the Yanhe water system has typical characteristics of a small water volume and narrow river channel, which leads to the difficulty for conventional water extraction methods such as Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). A new Multi-Spectral Threshold segmentation of the NDWI (MST-NDWI) water extraction method is proposed to achieve the accurate water extraction in Yanhe watershed. In the MST-NDWI method, the spectral characteristics of water bodies and typical backgrounds on the Landsat/TM images have been evaluated in Yanhe watershed. The multi-spectral thresholds (TM1, TM4, TM5) based on maximum-likelihood have been utilized before NDWI water extraction to realize segmentation for a division of built-up lands and small linear rivers. With the proposed method, a water map is extracted from the Landsat/TM images in 2010 in China. An accuracy assessment is conducted to compare the proposed method with the conventional water indexes such as NDWI, Modified NDWI (MNDWI), Enhanced Water Index (EWI), and Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI). The result shows that the MST-NDWI method generates better water extraction accuracy in Yanhe watershed and can effectively diminish the confusing background objects compared to the conventional water indexes. The MST-NDWI method integrates NDWI and Multi-Spectral Threshold segmentation algorithms, with richer valuable information and remarkable results in accurate water extraction in Yanhe watershed.
A R-SHINY BASED PHENOLOGY ANALYSIS SYSTEM AND CASE STUDY USING DIGITAL CAMERA DATASET
Authors: Zhou Y. K.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Accurate extracting of the vegetation phenology information play an important role in exploring the effects of climate changes on vegetation. Repeated photos from digital camera is a useful and huge data source in phonological analysis. Data processing and mining on phenological data is still a big challenge. There is no single tool or a universal solution for big data processing and visualization in the field of phenology extraction. In this paper, we proposed a R-shiny based web application for vegetation phenological parameters extraction and analysis. Its main functions include phenological site distribution visualization, ROI (Region of Interest) selection, vegetation index calculation and visualization, data filtering, growth trajectory fitting, phenology parameters extraction, etc. the long-term observation photography data from Freemanwood site in 2013 is processed by this system as an example. The results show that: (1) this system is capable of analyzing large data using a distributed framework; (2) The combination of multiple parameter extraction and growth curve fitting methods could effectively extract the key phenology parameters. Moreover, there are discrepancies between different combination methods in unique study areas. Vegetation with single-growth peak is suitable for using the double logistic module to fit the growth trajectory, while vegetation with multi-growth peaks should better use spline method.
STUDY ON THE COASTLINE CHANGE OF JIAOZHOU BAY BASED ON HIGH RESOLUTION REMOTE SENSING IMAGE
Authors: Zhu H. , Xing B. , Ni S. , Wei P.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In recent years, with the rapid development of the Jiaozhou Bay area of Qingdao, the influence of human activities on the coastline of Jiaozhou Bay is becoming more and more serious. Based on the high resolution remote sensing image data of 10 periods from 2001 to 2017 in the Jiaozhou Bay area, and combined with the data of on-the-spot survey and expert knowledge, this paper have completed the interpretation and extraction of coastline data of each year, and analyzed the distribution, size, rate of change, and trend of the increase and decrease of the coastal area of Jiaozhou Bay in different time periods, combined with the economic construction and the marine hydrodynamic environment of the region to analyze the reasons for the change of the coastline of Jiaozhou Bay. The results show that the increase and reduction of the coastal area of Jiaozhou Bay was mainly affected by human activities such as sea reclamation and marine aquaculture, resulting in a gradual change in the rate of increase and decrease with human development. For coastal advance part,2001–2013, the average increase rate on the coastal area of Jiaozhou Bay was 2.30 km2/a, showing a trend of rapid growth, 2013–2017 the average increase rate of 0.53 km2/a, and the growth rate slowed down. For coastal retreat part, 2001–2013, the average decrease rate was 2.58 × 10−3 km2/a. 2013–2014, the decrease rate reached a peak value of 1.11 km2/a. 2014–2017, the average decrease rate was 0.14 km2/a. The decrease rate shows a trend of increasing first and then slowing down.
COMPILING TECHNIQUES FOR EAST ANTARCTIC ICE VELOCITY MAPPING BASED ON HISTORICAL OPTICAL IMAGERY
Authors: Li X. , Li R. , Qiao G. , Cheng Y. , Ye W. , Gao T. , Huang Y. , Tian Y. , Tong X.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Ice flow velocity over long time series in East Antarctica plays a vital role in estimating and predicting the mass balance of Antarctic Ice Sheet and its contribution to global sea level rise. However, there is no Antarctic ice velocity product with large space scale available showing the East Antarctic ice flow velocity pattern before the 1990s. We proposed three methods including parallax decomposition, grid-based NCC image matching, feature and gird-based image matching with constraints for estimation of surface velocity in East Antarctica based on ARGON KH-5 and LANDSAT imagery, showing the feasibility of using historical optical imagery to obtain Antarctic ice motion. Based on these previous studies, we presented a set of systematic method for developing ice surface velocity product for the entire East Antarctica from the 1960s to the 1980s in this paper.
Assessing floods and droughts in the Mékrou River basin (West Africa): a combined household survey and climatic trends analysis approach
Authors: Markantonis Vasileios , Farinosi Fabio , Dondeynaz Celine , Ameztoy Iban , Pastori Marco , Marletta Luca , Ali Abdou , Carmona Moreno Cesar
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The assessment of natural hazards such as floods and droughts is a complex issue that demands integrated approaches and high-quality data. Especially in African developing countries, where information is limited, the assessment of floods and droughts, though an overarching issue that influences economic and social development, is even more challenging. This paper presents an integrated approach to assessing crucial aspects of floods and droughts in the transboundary Mékrou River basin (a portion of the Niger River basin in West Africa), combining climatic trends analysis and the findings of a household survey. The multivariable trend analysis estimates, at the biophysical level, the climate variability and the occurrence of floods and droughts. These results are coupled with an analysis of household survey data that reveals the behaviour and opinions of local residents regarding the observed climate variability and occurrence of flood and drought events, household mitigation measures, and the impacts of floods and droughts. Based on survey data analysis, the paper provides a per-household cost estimation of floods and droughts that occurred over a 2-year period (2014–2015). Furthermore, two econometric models are set up to identify the factors that influence the costs of floods and droughts to impacted households.
Ensemble flood forecasting considering dominant runoff processes: I. Setup and application to nested basins (Emme, Switzerland)
Authors: Antonetti Manuel , Horat Christoph , Sideris Ioannis V. , Zappa Massimiliano
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Flash floods (FFs) evolve rapidly during and after heavy precipitation events and represent a risk for society. To predict the timing and magnitude of a peak runoff, it is common to couple meteorological and hydrological models in a forecasting chain. However, hydrological models rely on strong simplifying assumptions and hence need to be calibrated. This makes their application difficult in catchments where no direct observation of runoff is available. To address this gap, a FF forecasting chain is presented based on: (i) a nowcasting product which combines radar and rain gauge rainfall data (CombiPrecip), (ii) meteorological data from state-of-the-art numerical weather prediction models (COSMO-1, COSMO-E), (iii) operationally available soil moisture estimations from the PREVAH hydrological model, and (iv) a process-based runoff generation module with no need for calibration (RGM-PRO). This last component uses information on the spatial distribution of dominant runoff processes from the so-called maps of runoff types (RTs), which can be derived with different mapping approaches with increasing involvement of expert knowledge. RGM-PRO is then parametrised a priori based on the results of sprinkling experiments. This prediction chain has been evaluated using data from April to September 2016 in the Emme catchment, a medium-size FF prone basin in the Swiss Prealps. Two novel forecasting chains were set up with two different maps of RTs, which allowed sensitivity of the forecast performance on the mapping approaches to be analysed. Furthermore, special emphasis was placed on the predictive power of the new forecasting chains in nested subcatchments when compared with a prediction chain including a conventional hydrological model relying on calibration. Results showed a low sensitivity of the predictive power on the amount of expert knowledge included for the mapping approach. The forecasting chain including a map of RTs with high involvement of expert knowledge did not guarantee more skill. In the larger basins of the Emme region, process-based forecasting chains revealed comparable skill as a prediction system including a conventional hydrological model. In the small nested subcatchments, the process-based forecasting chains outperformed the conventional system, however, no forecasting chain showed satisfying skill. The outcomes of this study show that operational FF predictions in ungauged basins can benefit from the use of information on runoff processes, as no long-term runoff measurements are needed for calibration.
Idealized models of the joint probability distribution of wind speeds
Authors: Monahan Adam H.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The joint probability distribution of wind speeds at two separate
locations in space or points in time completely characterizes the statistical
dependence of these two quantities, providing more information than linear
measures such as correlation. In this study, we consider two models of the
joint distribution of wind speeds obtained from idealized models of the
dependence structure of the horizontal wind velocity components. The
bivariate Rice distribution follows from assuming that the wind components
have Gaussian and isotropic fluctuations. The bivariate Weibull distribution
arises from power law transformations of wind speeds corresponding to vector
components with Gaussian, isotropic, mean-zero variability. Maximum
likelihood estimates of these distributions are compared using wind speed
data from the mid-troposphere, from different altitudes at the Cabauw tower
in the Netherlands, and from scatterometer observations over the sea surface.
While the bivariate Rice distribution is more flexible and can represent a
broader class of dependence structures, the bivariate Weibull distribution is
mathematically simpler and may be more convenient in many applications. The
complexity of the mathematical expressions obtained for the joint
distributions suggests that the development of explicit functional forms for
multivariate speed distributions from distributions of the components will
not be practical for more complicated dependence structure or more than two
speed variables.
Bimodal or quadrimodal? Statistical tests for the shape of fault patterns
Authors: Healy David , Jupp Peter
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Natural fault patterns, formed in response to a single tectonic event, often display significant variation in their orientation distribution. The cause of this variation is the subject of some debate: it could be noise on underlying conjugate (or bimodal) fault patterns or it could be intrinsic signal from an underlying polymodal (e.g. quadrimodal) pattern. In this contribution, we present new statistical tests to assess the probability of a fault pattern having two (bimodal, or conjugate) or four (quadrimodal) underlying modes. We use the eigenvalues of the 2nd and 4th rank orientation tensors, derived from the direction cosines of the poles to the fault planes, as the basis for our tests. Using a combination of the existing fabric eigenvalue (or modified Flinn) plot and our new tests, we can discriminate reliably between bimodal (conjugate) and quadrimodal fault patterns. We validate our tests using synthetic fault orientation datasets constructed from multimodal Watson distributions, and then assess six natural fault datasets from outcrops and earthquake focal plane solutions. We show that five out of six of these natural datasets are probably quadrimodal. The tests have been implemented in the R language and a link is given to the authors’ source code.
Arctic sea ice-free season projected to extend into fall
Authors: Lebrun Marion , Vancoppenolle Martin , Madec Gurvan , Massonnet François
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The recent Arctic sea-ice reduction is associated with an increase in the ice-free season duration, with comparable contributions of earlier retreat and later freeze-up. Here we show that within the next decades, the trends towards later freeze-up should progressively exceed and ultimately double the trend towards an earlier ice retreat date. This feature is robustly found in a hierarchy of climate models and is consistent with a simple mechanism: solar energy is absorbed more efficiently than it can be released in non-solar form until freeze-up. Based on climate change simulations, we envision an increase and a shift of the ice-free season towards fall, which will affect Arctic ecosystems and navigation.
Probabilistic grammar and constructional predictability: Bayesian generalized additive models of help + (to) Infinitive in varieties of web-based English
Authors: Levshina Natalia
Published: May 2018

The present study investigates the construction with help followed by the bare or to-infinitive in seven varieties of web-based English from Australia, Ghana, Great Britain, Hong Kong, India, Jamaica and the USA. In addition to various factors known from the literature, such as register, minimization of cognitive complexity and avoidance of identity (horror aequi), it studies the effect of predictability of the infinitive given help and the other way round on the language user’s choice between the constructional variants. These probabilistic constraints are tested in a series of Bayesian generalized additive mixed-effects regression models. The results demonstrate that the to-infinitive is particularly frequent in contexts with low predictability, or, in information-theoretic terms, with high information content. This tendency is interpreted as communicatively efficient behaviour, when more predictable units of discourse get less formal marking, and less predictable ones get more formal marking. However, the strength, shape and directionality of predictability effects exhibit variation across the countries, which demonstrates the importance of the cross-lectal perspective in research on communicative efficiency and other universal functional principles.
La région baltique et ses îles : un modèle régional de coopération
Authors: Paci Deborah
Published: May 2018

La fin de la guerre froide a créé de nouvelles possibilités de coopération entre les îles de la région baltique. La notion de région en tant que lieu de réseaux et de processus sociaux, politiques et économiques est au cœur de l’agenda politique des pays riverains de la Baltique. Cet article porte sur la rhétorique du «brand baltique», c’est-à-dire une façon particulière de faire des choses qui est devenu le symbole d’un nouveau récit des intérêts économiques et politiques communs et des caractéristiques culturelles communes dans la région baltique aussi bien qu’un facteur de region-building.
Abastados terratenentes, caudilhos poderosos ou empresários arcaicos: os súditos do Império brasileiro no Uruguai e a historiografia
Authors: Menegat Carla
Published: May 2018

Ao longo do século XIX, em diferentes momentos, produtores brasileiros instalados no país vizinho se dirigiram a diferentes autoridades do Império solicitando intervenções em favor dos seus direitos constantemente violados por autoridades uruguaias. Os distúrbios que os assolavam provocavam imensa repercussão política e econômica, podendo gerar considerável crise. Formavam, junto com os charqueadores e comerciantes, o topo da hierarquia social no Rio Grande do Sul. A identificação dos estancieiros como abastados terratenentes, caudilhos poderosos ou empresários arcaicos foi uma constante na historiografia, apenas recentemente abandonada. Procurando entender a trajetória que conduziu pesquisadores a sugerir novas interpretações sobre o tema, propõe-se neste estudo uma revisão dessa historiografia.
A escravidão em uma perspectiva comparativa: Caçapava do Sul (RS, Brasil) e Brazoria (Texas) – primeira metade do século XIX
Authors: Santos Matheus Marcelo , Do Nascimento Corrêa André
Published: May 2018

Na década de 1940, com a publicação de Slave and Citizen (1947), de F. Tannenbaum, inaugurou-se um novo ramo historiográfico: a comparação entre os sistemas escravistas montados nas Américas. É neste contexto historiográfico que o presente estudo se insere. Nele, comparamos as características das escravarias de duas localidades, Caçapava do Sul, na província do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil), e Brazoria, na então República do Texas. Para tanto, as fontes utilizadas foram uma lista de fogos (de 1830, para Caçapava do Sul) e um levantamento de propriedades e bens (de 1840, para Brazoria). De antemão, é possível afirmar que, apesar de o número de fogos e a quantidade de escravos em Caçapava do Sul e Brazoria serem parecidos, na primeira, a posse escrava estava amplamente disseminada pelo tecido social, ao contrário de Brazoria, onde apenas cerca de 1/3 dos fogos eram de escravistas. Da mesma forma, em Caçapava do Sul predominavam as pequenas e médias escravarias, que concentravam boa parte dos cativos, diferentemente de Brazoria, onde os grandes plantéis concentravam a absoluta maioria dos cativos.
O Brasil no jogo de espionagem da Guerra Fria: as relações Cuba-URSS vistas pela diplomacia brasileira (1962)
Authors: Sidarta Machado Domingos Charles
Published: May 2018

Este artigo aborda como a Revolução Cubana alterou significativamente as relações entre os países no continente americano. Para o governo Kennedy, Fidel Castro representava a maior ameaça ao seu domínio hegemônico nas Américas. Em um período inferior a dois anos, muitas foram as desavenças entre os Estados Unidos da América e a República de Cuba. Em razão de sua Política Externa Independente, o governo Goulart se via bastante envolvido na questão de Cuba. Mesmo em meio à emergência de um novo Conselho de Ministros e preocupado com as eleições que se realizariam, o governo brasileiro não deixava de prestar atenção naquela pequena ilha do Caribe e nas ações do governo dos EUA. Uma delas, em especial, era alvo de grande interesse do presidente João Goulart e do primeiro-ministro Hermes Lima: o encontro do secretário de Estado, Dean Rusk, com os representantes dos países latino-americanos na Organização dos Estados Americanos.
Aptidão física de idosos com doença de Parkinson submetidos à intervenção pelo método Pilates
Authors: Do Carmo Vanessa Santiago , Boas Lorena D'O' Aragão Vilas , Do Vale Ana Luíza Azevedo , Pinheiro Igor De Matos
Published: May 2018

A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença neurodegenerativa que provoca deterioração dos parâmetros físicos dos idosos, resultando em limitação funcional e redução da aptidão física. O método Pilates é uma modalidade de exercício físico que promove benefícios para os idosos, porém, observa-se uma escassez de publicações científicas sobre o impacto da técnica nos parâmetros da aptidão física em idosos com DP. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar a aptidão física de idosos com DP submetidos à intervenção pelo método Pilates. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico de braço único, realizado com quatro idosos acompanhados no ambulatório de fisioterapia de um centro de geriatria e gerontologia em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Participaram idosos (≥ 60 anos) com diagnóstico de DP, em uso regular das medicações, que não houvessem realizado atividade física
nos dois meses anteriores à intervenção. Foram excluídos idosos com declínio cognitivo, com disfunções musculoesqueléticas que comprometessem a realização dos exercícios ou com frequência irregular
na intervenção (três ausências consecutivas). Os dados coletados foram: situação clínica e sociodemográfica, estado cognitivo, severidade da DP e aptidão física. Os idosos participaram de 30 sessões do método Pilates (pré-Pilates, mat Pilates, treino de equilíbrio e marcha, exercícios de relaxamento corporal). Após a intervenção, foram observados valores superiores aos da avaliação inicial nos parâmetros de força e resistência de membros superiores e inferiores, de flexibilidade de membros superiores e inferiores e de mobilidade física. Conclui-se que o método Pilates pode ser uma ferramenta eficaz no processo de reabilitação desses idosos parkinsonianos.
O déficit democrático de Dewey: educação e democracia revisitadas
Authors: Biesta Gert
Published: May 2018

O ensaio baseia-se na interpretação de textos de Dewey e em parte da literatura secundária especializada. Defende
a posição, não muito usual entre seus especialistas, de que não é a concepção política, mas a social e
moral de democracia que sustenta o modo como o pedagogo americano pensa a relação entre democracia e
educação. Este “primado moral” origina-se da forte herança que Democracia e Educação recebe da moderna tradição
alemã da Bildung. Embora sua noção de educação democrática não verse especificamente nem sobre democracia,
nem sobre educação, a forte influência daquela tradição possibilita-lhe ver a educação como processo
de formação por meio do envolvimento com a cultura. Desse modo, o nexo justificado entre educação e cultura
permite a Dewey compreender sua teoria da educação como teoria da socialização, oferecendo-lhe também as
ferramentas conceituais para tratar da democracia como forma de vida. Em síntese, ao focar no primado moral
da ideia de educação democrática, o ensaio permite recuperar o “elo perdido” na trajetória intelectual do próprio
Dewey e desapercebido por grande parte de seus intérpretes.
Práticas e vivências de avaliação das aprendizagens dos alunos: refletindo com professoras pedagogas
Authors: Benvenutti Dilva Bertoldi , Pansera de Araújo Maria Cristina , Feldkercher Nadiane
Published: May 2018

Com o pressuposto de que o processo de avaliação da aprendizagem pode constituir o professor reflexivo, crítico, autônomo, dialógico, que respeita e valoriza sujeitos em formação, neste trabalho, objetivamos analisar os processos avaliativos desenvolvidos por professoras pedagogas atuantes nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental da educação básica. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como qualitativa e descritiva. Foi realizada com 24 professoras, egressas do Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina – Unoesc Maravilha (2004-2008). Os instrumentos para obtenção dos dados foram: questionário semiestruturado, grupo focal e fórum on-line. As reflexões embasaram-se, essencialmente, em Paulo Freire. Entendemos que o sistema tradicional de avaliação ignora as diferenças das crianças, as possibilidades de acompanhamento individual, controlando de forma genérica o cumprimento dos conteúdos escolares – o que suscita novas proposições. O professor é carregado de experiências que influenciam as escolhas por estratégias avaliativas e seus sentimentos no momento da avaliação.
Gestión territorial: el tema pendiente en la planificación territorial en Honduras y Centroamérica
Authors: Mondragón Rivera Claudia Nataly
Published: May 2018

En Honduras existen importantes avances vinculados al Ordenamiento y la Planificación Territorial, para compartir un caso, fue el primer país de Centroamérica en contar con una Ley de Ordenamiento Territorial (2003). Sin embargo, se cuentan a nivel nacional con 763 planes territoriales a escala municipal que poseen diferentes enfoques, de ellos, muy pocos han logrado tener una fase de implementación. Por lo que los resultados a nivel de sociedad y territorio no son tangibles. Casos similares se presentan en el resto de la Región Centroamericana. Por lo anterior es necesario generar los espacios, herramientas institucionales y técnicos municipales capacitados para fomentar la implementación de estos procesos, para garantizar una buena gobernanza del suelo, incidiendo de manera directa en la mejora de la calidad de vida de la población, como finalidad máxima del Ordenamiento Territorial.
La ingeniería ambiental de la UNESUM, formación universitaria articulada al desarrollo sostenible en el sur de Manabí
Authors: Alcívar Rivas Jesús Eduardo
Published: May 2018

Poner en valor a la Universidad actual, es si esta está anclada pertinentemente a un determinado territorio, sin que eso conlleve a desligarse del pensamiento universal; con estos dos elementos en mención, el aporte de este ente académico constituye, por un lado los cambios que provoca en el territorio asentado, y por el otro a la episteme universal. Si ese es el sentido de actuación de la Universidad, provocar y fundamentar cambios en las realidades territoriales, como en el pensamiento universal, de por si se justifica la presencia como en el presente caso en el sur de la provincia de Manabí. Por lo que la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí desde su oferta académica mediante un modelo educativo en la formación profesional, el cómo involucrarse en el territorio que la circunda mediante la vinculación con la sociedad, tomando en cuenta la configuración biofísica-geográfica, y la dinámica económica y social. Además de enmarcarse en la globalización del conocimiento, sin dejar de ajustarse al marco legal vigente. En el contexto en mención, el diseño curricular de la carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental en la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí es donde se inscribe su aporte sustancial desde la actoría de la comunidad universitaria. Profesionales en formación, docentes, autoridades en conexión con la realidad territorial.
Notas Informativas
Authors: Ciencias Espaciales Facultad de
Published: May 2018

Revista Ciencias Espaciales, instrucciones a los autores y criterios para el diseño, diagramación y maquetación
A través de la lente de la cultura urbana
Authors: Pritzker Elisa
Published: May 2018

Elisa Pritzker realiza en marzo de 2017 una entrevista al artista plástico salvadoreño Karlos Cárcamo, radicado en Nueva York, publicada en la columna “La Esquina de las Artes” [The Corner of the Arts] que aparece en La Voz [Bard College] y ABClatino Magazine [bilingüe].La familia de Cárcamo emigró de El Salvador a principios de la década de 1970. Él estudió en la Escuela de Artes Visuales y en el Hunter College, ambos de Nueva York y desde 2007 trabaja en el Departamento de Enmarcado del Museo de Arte Moderno (MoMA), donde se encarga de verificar las condiciones de los marcos de las piezas que van a ser exhibidas y, en caso de que sea necesario, construir nuevas y realizar labores de conservación. En 2009 viajó por primera vez a El Salvador para participar en la exposición colectiva “Zona de Trueque”, en el Museo de arte (marte), con una escultura elaborada con discos de vinil llamada “a concrete movement” (un movimiento concreto).Revista de Museología "Kóot" No.8 2017: 77-80
A manera de presentación No.8
Authors: Rivas Ramón D.
Published: May 2018

Revista de Museología "Kóot" No.8 2017: 5-8
The effect of pre-hospital discharge care program on mothers’ knowledge and reported practice for children with congenital heart surgery
Authors: Elsobky Fatma Ahmed , Amer Samah Abdalha Mohamed , Sarhan Ahlam Elahmady Mohamed
Published: May 2018

Heart surgery in children is done to repair heart defects for a child born with congenital heart defects and heart diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of pre-hospital discharge care program on mothers’ knowledge and reported practice regarding discharge care of children with congenital heart surgery. The study was conducted in the Heart Surgery Department at Abo-EL Riesh University Children Hospital. The sample included 30 mothers and their children that were available during the period of data collection. Three tools were used to collect data including: Tool I: Interviewing questioner sheet of the participants categorized into two parts. Part I and part II: Personal characteristics of the children and their mothers. Tool II: Assessment of mothers’ knowledge regarding care of children after congenital heart surgery. Tool III: Mother’s reported care practice checklist. Results: The results of the present study revealed that there was a highly significant difference in all items of care knowledge (activity, food, medication and follow-up) before, after immediately and after one month from discharge program with highly significant statistically (p < .001). Discharge program improve mothers’ knowledge and practice regarding care of their children after congenital heart surgery. Recommendations: Comprehensive, multidisciplinary discharge planning should deign early and should include the mothers and children contain education regarding congenital heart surgery care.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 10, No. 5
Authors: Grey Erica
Published: May 2018

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Global Journal of Health Science, Vol. 10, No. 5, 2018.
Are Resource-Rich Countries More Attractive than Countries with Good Institutions to Foreign Direct Investors in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Authors: Akhtaruzzaman Muhammad , Yang Shaohua , Omar Azizah
Published: May 2018

Africa is no longer behind in the race of acquiring global share of foreign direct investment (FDI) compared to other developing regions. This study uses FDI dataset of 27 sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries and examines what drives the recent trend of higher FDI flows to Africa. A variety of empirical techniques (e.g. cross-section OLS, panel fixed effects and dynamic GMM) are employed for identifying main drivers of FDI in African countries. The finding of this research suggests that resource endowment is the main driver attracting FDI to SSA countries. More specifically, empirical estimates suggest that a one-standard deviation increase in resource endowment in the SSA countries is associated with an increase in FDI ranging from 34% to 83%. Empirical result also suggests that between institutions and resource endowment, resource endowment is the most robust determinant of FDI in SSA countries.
The Impact of the Integration Between the Relevance and Reliability of Accounting Information in the Level of Accounting Disclosure in Jordanian Industrial Firms
Authors: Shaqqour Omar Fareed
Published: May 2018

This study aimed to measure the effect of the integration between the relevancy and reliability of accounting information in improving the level of accounting disclosure in Jordanian industrial firms listed on the ASE, by measuring the effect of the integration between the relevancy and reliability of accounting information in raising the level of compulsory and voluntary disclosure, because the accounting disclosure is important for decision makers and beneficiaries to make there suitable decisions, this study try to determinate the effect of the integration between the relevancy and reliability of accounting information, which is characterized by good accounting information, in assess whether disclosure is important or unimportant, and to determinate the role of increasing the relevancy and the reliability of accounting information on improves the level of compulsory and voluntary accounting disclosure.The study sample was 50 firms selected randomly from industrial firms listed on the ASE, and the study used a regression analysis method to test hypotheses.The study concluded that there isn’t affect on the degree of availability of Integration between the relevancy and reliability and the level of compulsory accounting disclosure in industrial firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. Where as, the results of the study showed that there is an effect on the degree of availability of Integration between the relevancy and reliability and the level of voluntary accounting disclosure in industrial firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. Which means that the difference between the industrial firms in the level of voluntary accounting disclosure is due to the degree of availability of Integration between the relevancy and reliability of accounting information.
Factors Affecting the Demographic Compositional Change of Transoxiana in the Early Islamic Centuries
Authors: Rahmati Mohsen
Published: May 2018

Despite the frequent attacks of Nomad tribes of the northern plains, the demographic composition of Transoxiana had remained Iranian in ancient era; nevertheless, after Muslim Arabs prevalence until the Mongol invasion, the demographic composition of this area completely changed under the influence of different factors. In addition to identifying the demographic composition of Transoxiana in the first Islamic centuries, this study is intended to introduce the factors affecting the transformation of the demographic change of this area. This study shows that in the Early Islamic centuries, the political structure and ethnic-racial of Transoxiana changed under the influence of different factors as Arab Conquests, Geographical Location of Transoxiana, Refuge of the opponents of caliphs, Commerce, Ghaza, The Religious Importance and Prosperity of Scientific Schools, Political Centralization in the Region by the Samanids, conversion of Turk Nomads to Islam, Migration of Turk Tribes to the region and Migration of that Inhabitants.
Improving Roadway Navigation and Safety of Older Age Drivers
Authors: Obeidat Mohammed Said
Published: May 2018

Motor vehicles are the primary mode of transportation worldwide, but drivers must simultaneously utilize various skills and perform multiple tasks at the same time to safely operate the vehicle. As people age, however, physical changes can affect daily life, possibly contributing to declining driving skills. These changes affect vision, hearing, reaction time, and cognitive and motor ability, thus complicating driving. This paper discusses the importance of driving for people of age 65 and older, age-related physical changes, and methods of improving overhead guide sign visibility on roadways. Suggestions to improve navigation and safety on roadways, especially for older people, are presented, including the use of autonomous vehicles fleet.
Customer satisfaction study using the
Servqual method
Authors: Kania A. , Plasczyk K.
Published: May 2018

Purpose: In this article the application of a part of Servqual method in the selected
enterprise was presented. Based on the results obtained key areas to service improvement
in the organization were shown.
Design/methodology/approach: The Servqual method is one of methods used to
improve the consumer satisfaction in the area of service. The Servqual makes possible the
study of difference between the expected and perceived quality.
Findings: In this paper, characteristics of a company specializing in the design and
construction of industrial furnaces and furnaces for the metalworking industry was
presented. Then elaborated a questionnaire to study satisfaction of company clients based
on the Servqual method. Finally the analysis of results from the study was carried out.
Research limitations/implications: According to the Servqual method five groups of
customers’ requirements were chosen. The values of expected and perceived quality were
selected. The solutions to service improvement in the selected organization were proposed.
Originality/value: The mission of every company is a continuous improvement, also in
the service area. The Servqual is a useful and quite simple tool to improve the organization
active in this area.
The Sistine Mosaics of S. Maria Maggiore in Rome: Christology and Mariology in the Interlude between the Councils of Ephesus and Chalcedon
Authors: Folgerø Per Olav
Published: May 2018

In the present re-reading of the Sistine mosaics of S. Maria Maggiore, which embraces the Old and New Testament scenes in their totality, it will be argued that the iconography is a visual manifestation of the Christology predominating in the Roman Episcopate during the interlude between the Councils of Ephesus and Chalcedon (AD 431 to 451). The fact that the Old Testament narration opens with the Life of Abraham and concludes, on the opposite wall, with the Battles of Joshua, including a distinct pictorial indication of the position of Rahab, the harlot of Jericho, who became the great-great-grandmother of King David, has led the present author to the suggestion that the lost panels concluding the cycle may have included at least one Davidic scene. Such a scene would have extolled the soteriological meaning of the human nature of Christ, “the Son of David, the Son of Abraham” (Mt 1:1), thoughts expounded by Leo the Great in his Tomus ad Flavianum, which laid the ground for the Chalcedonian Council. By the same token the thesis will be advanced that, on the triumphal arch, the matron in the blue maphorion, who sits on Christ’s left side, counterbalancing the Virgin in the Adoration of the Magi scene, may be a personification of the women in the genealogical line of Jesus Christ listed in the Gospel of Matthew (Mt 1:1-16). The two women counterpoised in the Adoration scene would thus exalt and substantiate the Gentile, non-Jewish, contribution to the lineage of Our Saviour. The divine providence expressed through these `extraneous´ links in His ancestry (the key figures of whom were the Gentile women Rahab and Ruth), in the story which led to the Descent of the Logos and the Birth of Christ, may have been the underlying, unifying theme in the vast decoration of the basilica.
Le champ de la mosaïque décorant la voûte en berceau du passage sud, passage qui correspond à l’entrée primitive de l’église, présente une grande croix latine pattée insérée dans un décor qui, à côté d’un semis d’étoiles, comporte divers motifs communémen
Authors: Nordhagen Per Jonas
Published: May 2018

Le champ de la mosaïque décorant la voûte en berceau du passage sud, passage qui correspond à l’entrée primitive de l’église, présente une grande croix latine pattée insérée dans un décor qui, à côté d’un semis d’étoiles, comporte divers motifs communément considérés d’origine où d’inspiration sassanide. Mes observations visent à déterminer la valeur à attribuer à la caractéristique “sassanide” assignée à ces motifs et aboutissent à un essai d’interprétation de la mosaïque – croix, étoiles et composant “sassonide” – à la lumière de la position topographique du monument même.
The Benedictine Transformation of the Roman Villa Life
Authors: Norderval Øyvind
Published: May 2018

The present article discusses some aspects of the daily monastic life as described in the Regula Benedicti, the leading Rule within the Western monastic movement. It concentrates on the Rule’s relation to the Roman conception of villa life, with a view both to continuity as well as to discontinuity.
A Geometrical Speculation. The Twelfth Century Roof and some Peculiar Aspects of the Ground Plan of Værnes Church, Norway
Authors: Nilsen Dag
Published: May 2018

The following is an exercise in what may seem an old-fashioned art, popular among architects in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but later somewhat discredited – the search for geometrical patterns underlying medieval church design. However, the interest in mathematically based tools for design of historic buildings has in recent years been revived, proof of which is a steadily increasing flow of publications reporting scientifically rigorous studies. My contribution concerns the church at Værnes, near Trondhei, Norway, and the impressive open truss timber roof of the nave. Not being content with previous suggestions on how the roof design might have been determined, I compared it to similar structures in the region and found several cases of the same ratio of width to height. I also noted that this ratio corresponded almost exactly to a simple geometrical diagram, which further led me to make some assumptions on how Værnes church was originally planned.
Tradizione e rivalità. Aspetti dell'arte romana alle soglie del primo giubileo
Authors: Valentino Pace
Published: May 2018

Fra le motivazioni che hanno concorso a formulare i programmi figurativi romani rientrano anche aspetti di conflittualità, fra gli ordini e fra le sue istituzioni relgiose, di cui in questo saggio si sottolineano alcuni casi concreti. Così è per l’emergenza del culto di S. Francesco e della conseguente esposizione della sua immagine (p.es. sulle absidi del Laterano e a S. Maria Maggiore), tale da provocare la reazione dell’ordine di S. Benedetto a mostrare la priorità del proprio santo, o ad accrescerne la visibilità (p.e. a S. Cecilia o a Sant’Agnese); così è pure per la rivalità fra le chiese di Santa Maria Maggiore e Santa Maria in Trastevere, i cui programmi musivi absidali polemicamente “rispondono” l’uno all’altro per un’ostentata volontà di primato ed esaltano la riconoscibilità della propria immagine iconica. Alla “rivalità” si appaia comunque il forte senso di legame con la tradizione ed è questo che spiega altre scelte d’immagine fortemente in linea con il passato.
Old and New in Old and New Rome
Authors: Sande Siri
Published: May 2018

It has often been remarked that the central parts of Rome, notably the Forum Romanum, retain their pagan character long after the Empire has become Christianised. Various explanations have been offered: hostility from a largely pagan Senate, or fear that the pagan buildings might be inhabited by demons. However, the late antique fora built in Constantinople by Christian emperors, show the same pattern. This article suggests that rather than political and religious reasons, traditional Roman conservatism lies behind the reluctance to “Christianise” public squares. This traditionalism is also manifest in the extensive use of spolia in the buildings of the first Christian emperor, Constantine. The spolia are in this article seen as a means to acquire auctoritas by including older elements in a new building. Similar aims, though achieved with different means, can in Roman architecture be traced back at least to the time of Augustus, manifesting a will to recreate a real or imaginary past.
The Water-Supply of Rome from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages
Authors: Coats-Stephens Robert
Published: May 2018

The article collates the textual and archaeological evidence for Rome’s water-supply in the period c.300-1000. Whilst there is now sufficient archaeological evidence for the rebuilding of the city’s aqueducts after the Gothic Wars, it is clear that the uses to which the water was put in the middle ages were very different from those of Late Antiquity. There was a massive scaling-down of the overall system, with the thermae falling immediately out of use, to be replaced to a certain extent by church baths for the clergy and poor. The Janiculum mills were maintained, and smaller watermills continued to function off the aqueducts, as well as from the Tiber. Baptisteries used both aqueduct and non-aqueduct-supplied water. There was an extensive network of wells and subterranean conduits utilizing ground-water. The system as a whole was organized centrally, by the Church – although the extent of private patronage (wells, smallscale mills and domestic baths) should not be overlooked.
Christian Emperors and Legacy of Imperial Art
Authors: Meier Hans-Rudolf
Published: May 2018

In the context of Imperial Art as Christian Art, a question of special interest is how Christian emperors handled the imperial legacy of their pagan predecessors. That the tradition of the saecula aurea was important at least for the first Christian emperor is shown by the Arch of Constantine. The extensive use of spolia became one of the characteristics of the architecture of Constantine and his followers. But this handling of the past is also a sign of its fragmentation and selection, and mirrors in some way the emperor’s policy: on the one hand they tried to protect the main temples and their statues as works of art and bearers of the glorious tradition of the empire, on the other hand, they took assertive actions against paganism. A critical comparison between imperial decrees, other texts of Late Antiquity and the archeological evidence shows the different genres of the artistic legacy between destruction as relics of paganism and integration into the Christian empire.
Movements and Views. Some Observations on the Organization of Space in Roman Domestic Architecture from the Late Republic to Early Medieval Times
Authors: Brandt J. Rasmus
Published: May 2018

The atrium and the central peristyle house are two basic types in Roman domestic architecture. They can be followed from the sixth/fifth centuries BC to the fifth/sixth centuries AD, the second type overlapping the first in the early Imperial period. In both types of houses two recurring and related ordering principles in the organization of spaces can be observed: movement patterns and visual axes. While the use of the visual, or “deep-view” axis appears to be modified over the centuries in relation to the manipulation of social self-advertisement performed by the elite, the architecturally conditioned movement patterns appear to remain constant.
Pagan Pinakes and Christian Icons. Continuity or Parallelism?
Authors: Sande Siri
Published: May 2018

This is an answer to the article by T.F. Mathews, “The Emperor and the Icon”, published in ActaAArtHist (N.S. 1) 15 (2001), 163-177. Mathews presents a number of pinakes painted on wood, with pagan motifs, which he defines as forerunners of the Christian icons. There are undoubtedly many points of resemblance between the two categories with regard to technique and style. The pagan “icons” were used in religious contexts, being especially well documented as votive gifts. Despite the resemblances, this article points out a fundamental difference between the pagan and Christian images. The Christian icon is always supposed to have a flesh and blood prototype, which is present in the picture, while the pagan gods were spiritual beings inaccessible to mankind. The shapes in which they are shown, are purely illusory. Therefore the pagan gods can be depicted in various media, from cult statues which were the object of worship, to mosaics which people could walk on. The Christian icon, on the other hand, is always an object of the same reverence which is due to the prototype. It is basically a portrait, while the pagan “icons” are the last offshoots of the traditional depictions of divinities.