bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of acute limb compartment syndrome: A survey of clinical practice among orthopedics and traumatology surgeons in Turkey
Authors: BAŞCI Onur , ACAN Ahmet Emrah , ERDURAN Mehmet
Published: October 2018

Aim: The
aim is to conduct a survey of currently practising orthopedics and traumatology
surgeons and residents in Turkey regarding their current practice and
perceptions on compartment syndrome management.Materials and Methods: A structured survey was developed for the study. Diagnosis in alert and
unconscious patients, clinical signs of the condition, compartment pressure
measurement, optimal time frame and technique for performing a fasciotomy, and
preventive measures in patients with limb injuries were assessed. Results: Due to the evaluation, most
significant and earliest symptom thought to be pain in 74% and 82.2%
respectively. In diagnostic approach of conscious patients, 59.6% find intense
pain and intense pain with passive stretching sufficient for diagnosis. In
unconscious patients, 22.6% measure intracompartment pressure in every patient
and if high in first measurement, indicates emergent fasciotomy, whereas 59.5%
apply emergent fasciotomy in clinical suspicion without measuring
intracompartment pressure. 89.7% don’t use pressure gauge in case of a
compartment syndrome suspicion. 55.5% have not seen manually constructed
mechanism before. 25.3% participants have sufficient knowledge to construct the
mechanism. 

Conclusion: There are controversies in the management of compartment syndrome in
Turkey, development of clinical practice guidelines may encourage best
practice, reduce variations and reduce the incidence of complications.
A LITERATURA ESCRITA POR INDÍGENAS: TEXTUALIDADES E REPRESENTAÇÕES IMAGÉTICAS
Authors: Riche Rosa Maria Cuba
Published: October 2018

Cresce a cada dia o interesse pelo estudo das textualidades indígenas. Da tradição oral para a escrita, essas narrativas têm sido resgatadas pelos indígenas brasileiros na tentativa de preservá-las não só no idioma nativo, mas também na língua Portuguesa. Três obras ajudam a pensar as peculiaridades e os caminhos traçados por essa escrita: O livro das árvores (1997), da Organização dos professores Ticuna; Histórias de índio (1996) e Vozes ancestrais: 10 contos indígenas (2016), de Daniel Munduruku. Todas consideradas Altamente Recomendáveis pela Fundação Nacional do Livro Infantil e Juvenil. As relações entre texto e ilustração ajudam a pensar essas narrativas multimodais, bem como o processo de retextualização do oral para a escrita e as marcas características da multiplicidade de gêneros presentes nessas obras.
POESIA PARA A INFÂNCIA – DOIS CAMINHOS ATUAIS VINDOS DE TRÁS: VISUALIDADE E BREVIDADE
Authors: Vasconcelos de Macedo Ana Cristina
Published: October 2018

Com este artigo pretende-se refletir sobre a produtividade didático-pedagógica dos conceitos históricos de visualidade e de brevidade na literatura de potencial receção infantil e juvenil e sua importância formativa. Para o efeito, parte da análise da obra de três autores portugueses, pertencentes a gerações diferentes, que marcaram, de forma significativa, momentos da história recente da literatura portuguesa para a infância e a juventude em Portugal – Mário Castrim, Teresa Guedes e João Pedro Mésseder.
Comparison of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of the Extracts of Grape Seed, Rosemary, Green Tea and Olive Leaf
Authors: AKTAŞ Burcu , BASMACIOĞLU MALAYOĞLU Hatice
Published: October 2018

Objective: Total antioxidant activities and phenolic compounds of ethanol extract of grape seed, rosemary, green tea and olive leaf were investigated in this study.Material and Methods: The total antioxidant activities of plant extracts were analyzed by two different methods, including 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). Carnosic acid, rosmarinic acid in rosemary extract (RE), total catechins in green tea extract (GTE) and oleuropein in olive leaf extract (OLE) were identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Condensed tannins of grape seed extract (GSE) was analyzed by butanol-HCl method.Results: The total phenolic contents of plant extracts determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method ranged from 141.7 to 315.56 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g-1. According to results obtained this study, RE exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, and GTE exhibited highest TEAC activity. Additionally, obtained data revealed high linear correlation (r=0.82) between total phenolic contents and TEAC values and low linear correlation (r=0.47) between total phenolic contents and DPPH values.Conclusion: The potent antioxidant activity of plant extracts provided from agro-industrial by-products, medicinal and aromatic plants makes it possible used them as natural sources of antioxidants in feed, food and pharmaceutical industries.
Farklı Yerel Bezelye (Pisum sativum L.) Hatlarının Bakteriyel Yanıklık Hastalığına Reaksiyonu
Authors: AKÇA Ayşegül , MART Dürdane , HORUZ Sümer , AYSAN Yeşim
Published: October 2018

Pseudomonas
syringae pv.
pisi bezelyede bakteriyel yanıklık
hastalığına neden olan patojen bir bakteridir. Hastalık, bezelye yetiştirilen
pek çok ülkede görülen ve serin, yağışlı ve don olaylarının olduğu yerlerde
duyarlı çeşitlerde yıkıcı zararlara neden olabilmektedir. Hastalıkla mücadelede dayanıklı çeşit seçimi ve sağlıklı
tohum kullanımı ilk adım olmalıdır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı, 29 farklı yerel bezelye hattının
bakteriyel yanıklık hastalığına reaksiyonunun saksı ve Adana ilinde iki farklı
lokasyonda kurulan tarla denemeleriyle belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada, Doğu Akdeniz
Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü tarafından 19 farklı ilden toplanan 29 farklı
yerel bezelye hattı ile iki çeşit (Jof ve Carina) kullanılmıştır. Üç farklı Pseudomonas
syringae pv. pisi izolatından hazırlanan bakteriyel süspansiyon bezelye
yapraklarına püskürtülerek hastalık düzeyi 0-5 skalası kullanılarak
değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışma sonucuna göre, dokuz yerel bezelye hattı ve kontrol
olarak testlenen Carina çeşidi duyarlı, yerel hatlardan 18 tanesi ve diğer bir kontrol
çeşidi Jof orta duyarlı, Konya yöresine ait üç bezelye hattı ise az duyarlı
olarak bulunmuştur. Hastalıklara
dayanıklı yerel çeşit geliştirme çalışmalarında Konya 153, Konya 154 ve Konya 155 isimli hatların
ıslah çalışmalarına dahil edilmesinin uygun olacağı belirlenmiştir.
Impacto ambiental del uso del gas anestésico inhalatorio sevoflurano en un hospital de Perú
Authors: Bambarén Celso , Chú Meilind
Published: October 2018

Objetivos: Estimar el impacto ambiental del gas anestésico inhalatorio sevoflurano utilizado en los procedimientos quirúrgicos en un hospital público localizado en la provincia constitucional del Callao. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo basado en la información sobre la utilización de tipos y cantidades de agentes anestésicos inhalatorios en un hospital seleccionado. La huella de carbono fue estimada con base en la cantidad de botellas del agente utilizado, volumen de cada botella, densidad del agente, y potencial de calentamiento global. Resultados: El gas anestésico utilizado en el hospital seleccionado fue el sevoflurano. El gas generó 18,13 CO teq para el año 2015 y 17,64 en 2016. Conclusiones: El sevoflurano produce un impacto ambiental negativo pero menor al que hubise ocurrido al utilizar otros gases como isoflurano o desflurano.
Pseudoaneurisma de la fibrosa mitro aórtica en endocarditis de aorta bicúspide. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Rotta Aida , Dueñas Roy , Rodriguez Renzo , Martorell Carlos
Published: October 2018

El pseudoaneurisma de la fibrosa mitro aórtica es una complicación infrecuente pero potencialmente fatal de la endocarditis infecciosa de válvula aórtica. El diagnóstico de pseudoaneurisma se realiza mediante una técnica de imagen, principalmente la ecocardiografía transtorácica y transesofágica, en la que se evidencia una cavidad perivalvular pulsátil con expansión sistólica y colapso diastólico localizada en la zona mitro-aórtica. Por el riesgo de complicaciones, en la mayoría de pacientes, se recomienda el reemplazo de válvula aórtica con cierre del pseudoaneurisma. Se presenta un caso de pseudoaneurisma de la fibrosa mitro aórtica en un paciente adulto joven con endocarditis de válvula aórtica bicúspide.
Hipocalcemia severa por deficiencia de vitamina D en una adulta mayor
Authors: Guillén López Otto Barnaby
Published: October 2018

La deficiencia de vitamina D es una condición de muy alta prevalencia en adultos mayores y puede presentarse como hipocalcemia sintomática. Se presenta un caso de una mujer de 75 años con convulsiones generalizadas por hipocalcemia con función renal y paratiroidea normales en la que se demostró niveles deficientes de vitamina D.
 Brine-Dependent Recovery Processes (Smart-Water/Low-Salinity-Water) in Carbonate and Sandstone Petroleum Reservoirs: Review of Laboratory-Field Studies, Interfacial Mechanisms and Modeling Attempts
Authors: Awolayo Adedapo N. , Sarma Hemanta K. , Nghiem Long X.
Published: October 2018

Brine-dependent recovery process has seen much global research efforts in the past two decades because of their benefits over other oil recovery methods. The process involves the tweaking of the ionic composition and strength of the injected water to improve oil production. In recent years, several studies ranging from laboratory coreflood experiments by many researchers to field trials by several companies admit to the potential of recovering additional oil in sandstone and carbonate reservoirs. Sandstone and carbonate rocks are composed of completely different minerals, with varying degree of complexity and heterogeneity, but wettability alteration has been widely considered as the consequence rather than the cause of brine-dependent recovery. However, there is no consensus on the cause as several mechanisms have been proposed to relate the wettability changes to the improved recovery. This review paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art development in published research and various efforts of the industry. This review outlines an overview of laboratory and field observations, descriptions of underlying mechanisms and their validity, the complexity of the oil-brine-rock interactions, modelling works, and comparison between sandstone and carbonate rocks. The provided information is intended to provide the reader with up-to-date information, point to relevant studies for those who are new and those implementing either laboratory- or field-scale projects to speed up the process of further investigations in this research area. Overall, the outcome of this review would potentially be of immense benefit to the oil industry.
On the Fully Degenerate Daehee Numbers and Polynomials of the Second Kind
Authors: Yun Sang Jo , Park Jin-Woo
Published: October 2018

In this paper, we investigate the new degenerate Daehee polynomials and numbers which are called the degenerate Daehee polynomials of the second kind, and derive some new and interesting identities and properties of those polynomials.
Challenges Facing Home-Based Caregivers in the Management of Health Care Risk Waste
Authors: Zikhathile Thobile , Atagana Harrison
Published: October 2018

The quadruple burden of diseases, early discharge from hospital and hospital at home have resulted in home-based care services becoming a requirement in South Africa. The home-based care services generate a significant amount of health care risk waste that is mismanaged. However, more attention is given to the health care risk waste generated in hospitals and clinics than to health care risk waste generated by home-based caregivers. Therefore, this study investigates the health care risk waste management practices by home-based caregivers. The study adopted a mixed research approach, qualitative and quantitative methods, using a literature review, interviews, and questionnaires as means of data collection. Results show that there are different types of health care risk waste generated as a result of different activities performed by home-based caregivers, but that the waste was found to be managed in an unsafe manner. The majority of households receiving home-based care did not have basic sanitation facilities such as toilets, running water and waste removal services, aggravating the issue of health care risk waste mismanagement. The study recommends a new policy framework that will lead to safe management practices of generated health care risk waste to be adopted by home-based caregivers.
Phytosterol Composition of Arachis hypogaea Seeds from Different Maturity Classes
Authors: Zhou Wenxu , Branch William D. , Gilliam Lissa , Marshall Julie A.
Published: October 2018

The seeds of cultivated peanut, Arachis hypogaea, are an agronomically important crop produced for human nutrition, oilseed and feed stock. Peanut seed is the single most expensive variable input cost and thus producers require seed with excellence performance in terms of germination efficiency. During the maturation process, triglycerides are stored in oil bodies as an energy resource during germination and seedling development. The stability of oil body membranes is essential for nutrient mobilization during germination. This study focused on evaluating the phytosterol composition in seed components including the kernel, embryo (heart), and seed coat or skin. Samples of different maturity classes were analyzed for macronutrient and phytosterol content. The three most abundant phytosterols, β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol, comprised 82.29%, 86.39%, and 94.25% of seed hearts, kernels, and seed coats, respectively. Stigmasterol concentration was highest in the seed kernel providing an excellent source of this sterol known to have beneficial effects on human health. Peanut hearts contained the highest concentration of sterols by mass potentially providing protection and resources for the developing seedling. The amount of α-tocopherol increases in peanut hearts during the maturation process providing protection from temperature stress and stability required for seedling vigor. These results suggest that phytosterols may play a significant role in the performance of seeds and provides a possible explanation for the poor germination efficiency of immature seeds.
A Rare Pediatric Case of Severe Bird Fancier's Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Presented with Viral Pneumonitis-Like Picture
Authors: Habra Basel , Abdulwahab Atqah
Published: October 2018

Bird Fancier’s Syndrome is a rare, non-atopic immunologic response to repeated or intense inhalation of avian (bird) proteins/antigens found in the feathers or droppings of many species of birds, which leads to an immune mediated inflammatory reaction in the respiratory system. Although this is the most common type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis reported in adults, it is one of the classification of a rare subtype of interstitial lung disease that occurs in the pediatric age group of which few case reports are available in the literature. The pathophysiology of hypersensitivity pneumonitis is complex; numerous organic and inorganic antigens can cause immune dysregulation, leading to an immune related antigen-antibody response (immunoglobulin G–IgG- against the offending antigen). Diagnosing Bird Fancier’s disease in the pediatric age group is challenging, history of exposure is usually missed by health care providers, symptoms and clinical findings in such cases are nonspecific and often misdiagnosed during the acute illness with other common diseases such asthma, or acute viral lower respiratory tract infection, and the lack of standardization of criteria for diagnosing such condition, or sensitive radiological or laboratory test. Treatment, on the other hand, is also controversial. Avoidance of the offending antigen could be the sole or most important part of treatment, particularly in acute mild and moderate cases. Untreated cases can result in irreversible lung fibrosis. In this case report, we highlight how children presenting with an acute viral lower respiratory tract infection can overlap with hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Early intervention with pulse steroids markedly improves the patient’s clinical course.
Clinical Relevance of Genome-Wide Polygenic Score may Be Less than Claimed
Authors: Curtis David
Published: October 2018

A recent study claimed that genome-wide polygenic scores (GPSs) for five common diseases could identify individuals with risk equivalent to monogenic mutations. Receiver operator curve analyses were reported to have areas under the curve (AUCs) ranging from 0.63 for inflammatory bowel disease up to 0.81 for coronary artery disease (CAD). The GPS for CAD identified 8% of the population at threefold increased risk, which it was claimed was comparable to the excess risk from monogenic mutations. Attempts were made to model the distribution of GPS for CAD to match the information provided. Models were based on the reported distribution of prevalence and GPS and were fitted to the reported results using linear approximations to the distributions and using simulations of a liability-threshold model. It was impossible to produce a compatible model which produced an AUC as high as 0.81 and the most plausible estimate was that the true AUC was only 0.65. The reported distributions in cases and controls largely overlap so that they are not compatible with an AUC of 0.7 or more. The true AUC of the GPS for these diseases is much lower than claimed. Furthermore, the literature robustly demonstrates that true CAD risk associated with monogenic mutations is much higher than the threefold increase which was claimed. Together, these findings cast doubt on the clinical utility of the GPS.
The Pub1 and Upf1 Proteins Act in Concert to Protect Yeast from Toxicity of the [PSI+] Prion
Authors: Urakov Valery N. , Mitkevich Olga V. , Dergalev Alexander A. , Ter-Avanesyan Michael D.
Published: October 2018

The [PSI+] nonsense-suppressor determinant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is related to formation of heritable amyloids of the Sup35 (eRF3) translation termination factor. [PSI+] amyloids have variants in amyloid structure and in the strength of suppressor phenotype. Appearance of [PSI+], its propagation and manifestation depend primarily on chaperones. Besides chaperones, the Upf1/2/3, Siw14 and Arg82 proteins restrict [PSI+] formation, while Sla2 can prevent the [PSI+] toxicity. Here, we identify two more non-chaperone proteins involved in [PSI+] detoxification. We show that simultaneous lack of the Pub1 and Upf1 proteins causes lethality of [PSI+] cells with a strong, but not with weak suppressor phenotype. This lethality results from excessive depletion of the Sup45 (eRF1) termination factor due to its sequestration into Sup35 polymers. We also show that Pub1 acts to restrict excessive Sup35 prion polymerization, while Upf1 interferes with Sup45 binding to Sup35 polymers. These data allow considering the Pub1 and Upf1 proteins as a novel [PSI+] detoxification system.
Determining Oil Palm Stands Age Using Multi Temporal Images Analysis
Authors: Fitrianto Anggoro Cahyo , Yuwono Doddy Mendro , Darmawan Arif , Tokimatsu Koji
Published: October 2018

In the oil palm industry, stands age is an important parameter to monitor the sustainability of cultivation, to develop the growth yield model, to identify the disease or stressed area, and to estimate the carbon storage capacity. This research is focused to estimate and distinguish oil palm stands age based on crown/ canopy density obtained using Forest Canopy Density (FCD) model derived from four indices as follows; Advanced Vegetation Index, Bare Soil Index, Shadow Index, and Thermal Index. FCD model employs multi temporal image analysis resulting four classes of oil palm stands age categorized as seed with FCD value of 29–56% (0 years), young with FCD value of 56–63% (1–9 years), teen with FCD value of 63–80% (10–15 years), and mature with FCD value of >80% (>15 years). Minimum canopy density value is 29% even in the zero years old indicates incomplete land clearance or the type of seed planted in the land.
Aplikasi Pewarnaan Titik pada Graph dalam Pembuatan Jadwal Pelajaran
Authors: Maarif Safiil
Published: October 2018

Membuat jadwal pelajaran merupakan salah satu tugas yang harus dikerjakan oleh wakil kepala sekolah bidang kurikulum setiap awal tahun pelajaran. Pembuatan jadwal akan menjadi masalah ketika jadwal yang disusun tidak dapat diselesaikan sebelum kegiatan efektif sekolah. Selama jadwal pelajaran belum selesai disusun maka kegiatan belajar mengajar di sekolah kurang efektif. Jadwal yang dibuat pada awal tahun pelajaran harus bersifat efektif agar tidak terjadi perubahan-perubahan jadwal yang memiliki banyak kendala seperti menyesuaikan hari dengan permintaan guru dan lain sebagainya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan dalam pembuatan jadwal, salah satu solusi yang bisa digunakan yaitu menggunakan pewarnaan titik pada graph. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan aplikasi pewarnaan titik pada graph dalam membuat jadwal pelajaran di MTs Al-Hikmah Janti Jogoroto Jombang. Jenis penelitin ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Intrumen penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri sebagai instrumen utama dan pedoman dokumentasi sebagai instrumet pendukung. Analisis data yang peneliti gunakan adalah Membuat simbol warna untuk masing-masing mata pelajaran, Membuat graph yang titiknya sudah diwarnai sesuai dengan simbol warna yang disepakati dibuat mulai hari Senin sampai dengan Sabtu, Membuat jadwal pelajaran sesuai dengan graph yang telah dibuat. Cara mengaplikasikan pewarnaan titik pada graph dalam pembuatan jadwal pelajaran adalah buatlah simbol warna dari masing-masing mata pelajaran, buatlah graph mulai dari hari Senin sampai dengan Sabtu sedemikian hingga setiap titik yang berhubungan langsung mendapatkan warna (sesuai dengan simbol warna yang telah dibuat dari masing-asing pelajaran) yang berbeda. Banyaknya titik pada graph disesuaikan dengan banyaknya mata pelajaran yang dipelajari mulai dari jam 07.00 – 12.50.
PELAKSANAAN LESSON STUDY FOR LEARNING COMMUNITY DI MGMP MATEMATIKA SMP KOTA MALANG TAHUN 2017
Authors: Setyaningsih Lely
Published: October 2018

Guru matematika harus selalu belajar demi meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik dan kompetensi profesionalnya untuk menjadi fasilitator yang baik bagi peserta didik dalam menciptakan pembelajaran yang berkualitas dan menyenangkan. Lesson study merupakan salah satu model pembinaan terhadap guru melalui pengkajian kegiatan pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan secara kolaboratif dan berkelanjutan dalam membangun komunitas belajar. Lima belas guru matematika yang tergabung dalam MGMP Matematika SMP Kota Malang melaksanakan Lesson Study for Learning Community dalam 3 kegiatan plan dan 3 kegiatan dosee. Lesson study mampu meningkatkan kompetensi guru dan keaktifan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran.
Optimization of Bridge Crane Movement Control
Authors: Loveikin V. S. , Romasevich Y. A.
Published: October 2018

Transient modes of bridge cranes movement determine their energy, dynamic and electrical performance, as well as productivity and durability of work. An optimal control problem of its movement has been solved while making an analysis of indicators for efficient performance of a bridge crane. Terminal and integral criteria have been selected as optimization criteria. They represent undesirable dynamic properties of the crane. Legendre method has been used to determine the possibility for achieving minimum of the optimization criterion. An analysis of the Euler-Poisson equation, which is a necessary condition for the minimum of the integral criterion, has shown that it is impossible to find a solution for the optimization problem in an analytical form. A method of differential evolution has been used in order to find an approximate solution to the optimization problem. The approximate (suboptimal) solution has been found in the complex domain, which is a limited domain conjunction of dynamic parameters and phase coordinates of the system. Limitation in the domain of the system phase coordinates (a polynomial basis function has been used in the paper) provides the possibility to attain absolute minimums of terminal problem criteria. A simulation of the bridge crane motion has been carried out in order to establish an efficiency for implementation of the suboptimal control. During this process dynamic mechanical characteristics of its electric drive have been taken into account. While carrying out the simulation, a frequency and an amplitude of the electric drive voltage in the crane movement mechanism have been changed (frequency scalar method for speed changing of an asynchronous electric drive has been used). A comparative analysis of the dynamic, kinematic, electrical and energy performance indicators of the bridge crane under suboptimal and S-curved (standard) laws of frequency and voltage variations in the crane electric drive has made it possible to establish an improvement in the efficiency of its operation under suboptimal control.
Individual protection and population effect – two sides of one medal
Authors: Ignatova G. L. , Antonov V. N. , Kostinov M. P. , Protasov A. D.
Published: October 2018

The studies of the serotype composition of pneumococci in various countries indicate that over 80% of the most severe invasive diseases are caused by 20 serotypes, and 13 serotypes cause 70–75% of diseases globally [3]. The vaccination of the population is the main way to reduce the incidence of both invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal infections. With evidence of the safety and efficacy of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, WHO and UNCF consider it necessary to include these vaccines for children in the national immunization programs around the world.
Fixed dose long-acting bronchodilator combinations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: safety, effectiveness and cardiovascular system
Authors: Leshchenko I. V.
Published: October 2018

At present time, long-acting bronchodilators are the main class of drugs for basis therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is characterized not only by a decrease in pulmonary function parameters, but also by a decline in cardiac contractility. The article presents the results of studies of four approved fixed long-acting anticholinergic drugs/long-acting beta2-agonists in the Russian Federation, according their effect on the cardiovascular system. The safety of LAMA/ LABA was proved in terms of relation to the cardiovascular system, additionally the positive effect on the pumping function of the heart was shown in patients with COPD, which confirms the value of dual bronchodilators for COPD treatment.
Prevention of copd exacerbations. Focus on dual bronchodilators
Authors: Arkhipov V. V.
Published: October 2018

COPD exacerbations occur in almost all patients, and half of patients in the Russian Federation (52%) have two or more exacerbations per year or require urgent admission to hospital. COPD exacerbations come from increased acute inflammation in the respiratory tract of a patient under the influence of many factors. Modern pharmacotherapy provides the physician with several options in reducing the number of exacerbations. This review provides evidence about the maximum reduction in exacerbation risk due to the administration of tiotropium/olodaterol combination or triple therapy.
Health monitoring device design and application for large synchronously excited multi-shaker vibration test facility
Authors: Qiu Hanping , Fan Shichao , Li Xinming , Yue Zhiyong , Zhang Jungang , Feng Yaoqi , Liang Xiaohua , Dong Yuhui
Published: October 2018

There are different kinds of equipments distributed in different locations for a large complicated multi-shaker vibration test facility, so it is challenging to monitor the real state of test facility thoroughly during its operation. Long-term operation of this test facility will lead to the degradation of reliability and malfunction, and sometimes the emergency stop of the whole test system that threatens the safety of the spacecraft seriously. This paper presents in detail the design and application of a set of health monitoring device for a large multi-shaker vibration test facility which is capable of monitoring the operation state in real time and predicting the potential malfunction of the whole test facility to ensure the reliability of this large test system and safety of the spacecraft during its environmental vibration test.
Adaptive vibration control for a cantilevered beam using actuating and sensing functions of a piezoelectric bimorph
Authors: Wang Ruiping , Zhang Ting , Yang Yue
Published: October 2018

The paper investigates that the free vibration for a smart cantilevered beam utilizing actuating and sensing properties of a piezoelectric bimorph is suppressed by a adaptive controller. Through the bimorph, the suppression vibration of a flexible cantilevered beam is studied. Because of uncertain parameters in the dynamic model, a adaptive control is adopted with a minimum variance self-tuning direct regulator to control the free vibration of the smart beam. By some simulation and experiment verifications, the adaptive control is proved to be feasible for attenuating the free vibration of the smart beam.
Study on the measuring method of moving time in the bore of projectile for vibration analysis
Authors: Wang Baoyuan , Heng Gang , Chao Hongxiao , Wang Dongying
Published: October 2018

The movement time of the projectile is the basic parameter for studying the gesture of the projectile. It is also the time base for the test of projectile shots. At the same time it is the time base for the test of gun vibration response. A test method for the moving time in the bore of a projectile which is based on the barrel strain test is proposed in this paper. First, paste a plurality of strain gauges along the axis of the barrel. Then take the rising edge time of the strain-time curve of each measuring point as the movement time of the Projectile. The artillery fired and the projectile moved at high speed inside. By testing the external surface strain time curve, and then through data processing, the time of a large-caliber artillery projectile in orbit was obtained. Through the firing test in the shooting range, the validity and correctness of the method are verified.
Nonlinear mechanical system simulation based on modal coordinates and modal forces
Authors: Ahlin Kjell
Published: October 2018

In a project at Beihang University different methods to model, simulate and identify nonlinear mechanical systems are studied. One promising method to simulate forced response in nonlinear mechanical systems is based on modal coordinates and modal forces. The method allows many input forces and many nonlinearities to be handled simultaneously. The method is briefly described here together with a simple example.
Mean square responses of a viscoelastic Timoshenko cantilever beam with different damping mechanisms
Authors: Zhou Qingzhao , He David , Wu Zhongcheng , Zhao Yaping
Published: October 2018

In this paper, considering the moment of inertia and shear deformation, the partial differential equation sets governing the vibration of viscoelastic Timoshenko beam subjected to random excitations were derived. The excitation form is the concentrated force, and its random characteristic is the ideal white noise in the time domain. Two damping mechanisms, namely, the external viscous damping and the internal viscoelastic damping (Kelvin-Voigt model), are both taken into account simultaneously. Comparing with the existing literature, there are two improvements: on the one hand, considering the interaction of the rotational inertia and shear deformation, that is, there is a fourth derivative term for time in the partial differential equation sets of Timoshenko beam, while the Bresse-Timoshenko truncated model ignores the fourth derivative term of time. On the other hand, by the method of residue integral, the infinite integral in the mean response is transformed into the expression of the modal damping ratio and the natural frequency. The exact solution of the mean square response is obtained in the form of an infinite series finally. Numerical example is supplied, and the numerical results acquired verify the validity of the theoretical analysis.
Gear pitting level diagnosis using vibration signals with an improved inception structure
Authors: Li Xueyi , Li Xu , Qu Yongzhi , He David
Published: October 2018

Gear pitting fault is common in mechanical devices. At present, most of the gear pitting fault detection methods are based on the manual extraction of the frequency domain features from vibration signals. This paper presents a method for gear pitting fault level diagnosis using vibration signals with an improved inception network. The presented method directly applies to the vibration signals to automatically extract features and diagnose the level of the gear pitting fault using deep learning. The presented method has been validated with vibration data collected for 7 gear pitting conditions from gear pitting fault tests. The validation results have shown that the presented method can effectively classify the levels of the gear pitting faults. In comparison with traditional convolutional neural network, the diagnosis accuracy has been significantly improved with the presented method.
Multi-objective rotor dynamics optimization of the plain bearing-rotor system
Authors: Kuang Xi , Luo Gui-huo , Wang Fei
Published: October 2018

The study on rotor dynamics optimization of the plain bearing-rotor system was conducted. In this paper, multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to optimize the weight and stability of a rotor system, so that the stability of the rotor system was improved while the weight was reduced. Compared with single objective optimization, a large number of alternative results could be provided by optimizing one time in the use of the method in this paper. Furthermore, the optimization process can be greatly accelerated with the method, and the method is expected to provide a theoretical basis for improving rotor dynamics optimization of the plain bearing-rotor systems.
Modal test and finite element analysis of a turbine disk
Authors: Gu Jiayi , Luo Guihuo
Published: October 2018

Experimental modal analysis of a turbine disk was conducted with the hammering method. The first five modals were obtained, matches well with calculation results of ANSYS, and proves the effectiveness of the experiment, provides a reference for further improvement of a certain engine.
Research on vibration reduction of multiple parallel gear shafts with ISFD
Authors: Lu Kaihua , He Lidong , Yan Wei
Published: October 2018

The vibration reduction methods for reducing the complexly coupled vibrations in multiple parallel gear shafts using integral squeeze film damper (ISFD) is studied in this paper. A multiple parallel gear system with three involute spur gears is built, and experiments are carried out to compare the vibrational characteristics of the gear system with rigid support and ISFD elastic damping support. The experimental results show that the ISFD support can reduce the shock vibrations of the multiple parallel gear shafts with excellent vibration attenuation characteristics due to damping. ISFD elastic damping support can inhibit the vibrations in a wide frequency range during the gear transmission, which can guarantee a smooth transition between multiple parallel gear shafts over a range of operating speeds.
Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Hysterectomy: A Single Surgeon Experience in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Demirayak Gokhan , Guralp Onur , Yildiz Mustafa , Comba Cihan , Mihmanli Veli , Ozdemir Isa Aykut
Published: October 2018

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and surgical outcomes of the total hysterectomy cases performed with the laparoendoscopic single site surgery.Study Design: A total of 24 women who underwent total hysterectomy by the laparoendoscopic single site technique due to benign gynecological disorders were retrospectively evaluated. The duration of the operation, estimated blood loss, weight of the uterus, intra- and postoperative complications, pre- and postoperative day 1 hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, postoperative 6- and 24-hour visual analogue scale scores, duration of hospital stay, and postoperative complications were evaluated.Results: The mean total operation time was 112.1±24 minutes. The average time between the umbilical incision and starting the hysterectomy was 10±2.1 minutes. Estimated blood loss was 50±25 ml. The average duration of the hospital stay was 1.5±0.4 days. The mean uterus weight was 135 g. The mean difference between the pre- and postoperative hemoglobin values was 1.1 g/dl. The mean visual analogue scale scores were 4.1 (0-7) and 1.9 (0-4) in 6- and 24-hour postoperative periods. None of the women had an intraoperative complication. One patient (4.2%) had a port site hernia 6 months after the operation.Conclusion: The total hysterectomy with laparoendoscopic single site technique is a reasonable method in selected patients with similar safety and feasibility, especially for women who prefer a single incision in umbilicus. The patient should be informed before the operation about potential complications such as a port-site hernia.
Validity and Reliability Study of Turkish Version of “Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory” and “Bodybuilder Image Grid” Scales
Authors: Devrim Asli , Bilgic Pelin
Published: October 2018

Background:

Although bigorexia symptoms are rapidly increasing, it is mostly an underrecognized
condition in Turkish male bodybuilders. There are no validated screening tools to identify
the symptoms.

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity of the Turkish version of the MDDI
and the BIG towards the diagnosis of bigorexia and to provide health care professionals with early
screening tools.

Methods:

One hundred twenty male bodybuilders, fifty-eight professional bodybuilders and sixtytwo
recreational bodybuilders, all of whom matched the research criteria, were included in this study.
MDDI and BIG forms were filled by the bodybuilders, along with an “Individual Characteristic Information
Form”, a “Nutrition-related Information Form”, and a “Bodybuilding-related Information
Form”. To evaluate the construct validity, factor analysis was conducted and resulted in a threefactor
construct.

Results:

The factor-loading values ranged from 0.542- 0.827. Calculations of Cronbach’s alpha for
the MDDI sum (α = 0.657) revealed a good internal consistency. The MDDI, BIG O, and BIG S intraclass
correlation coefficients (ICC) were found to be 0.840, 0.908, and 0.879, respectively. As a
result, MDDI had acceptable reliability and that of BIG O and BIG S was excellent.

Discussion:

Turkish MDDI, BIG-O and BIG-S forms proved to be valid and reliable scales and were
adequate for determining the symptoms of bigorexia in male bodybuilders. Using these forms, there
was a statistically significant relationship between bigorexia and eating disorders, which were significantly
positively correlated.

Conclusion:

Our results support the feasibility of using the MDDI, the BIG-O, and the BIG-S forms
to determine symptoms of bigorexia in Turkish population. Further studies are needed to confirm if
this result can be generalized to female bodybuilders.
Nutritional and Medicinal Importance of Dioscorea glabra R. Baron, a Potent Wild Edible Plant Consumed by the Lodha Tribal Community of West Bengal, India
Authors: Chaudhury Sagari , Habibur Rahaman Chowdhury , Singh Harish , Chaudhuri Kausik , Seal Tapan
Published: October 2018

Objective:

The present study designed to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals
content and in vitro antioxidant properties, in the tuber of Dioscorea glabra R. Baron. The estimation
of phenolic acids, polyphenolics and quantitation of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C),
thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid
(B9) in the plant were carried out by High Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.

Methods:

The proximate parameters, minerals and toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic
and mercury were estimated in the wild edible plant using standard food analysis techniques. The
HPLC analysis was carried out using Dionex Ultimate 3000 liquid chromatograph attached with Acclaim
C 18 column (5 μm particle size, 250 x 4.6 mm), and photo diode array (PDA) detector.

Results:

The present study showed the presence of a very good amount of protein (4.823±0.041%),
carbohydrate (42.43±0.057%) and minerals and heavy metals in various amount. The total phenolic
and flavonoid content were found 335.64 ± 3.92 mg/100gm and 65.73 mg/100gm, respectively in the
plant. The plant showed the presence of a very good amount of vitamin C (23.49±0.0413 mg/100gm)
along with water-soluble B vitamins ranged between 0.036 to 4.159 mg/100gm. The HPLC analysis
also indicated the presence of phenolic acids and polyphenolics in various amounts in this wild edible
plant.

Conclusion:

The abundance of protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals, water soluble vitamins and natural
antioxidant components in this plant makes them as a considerable source of nutrition and could
be consumed as a regular diet to the human being.
Computer Aided Detection of Clustered Microcalcification: A Survey
Authors: Kumar M.N. Arun , Kumar M.N. Anil , Sheshadri H.S.
Published: October 2018

Background:

This paper attempts to pinpoint different techniques for Pectoral Muscle
(PM) segmentation, Microcalcification (MC) detection and classification in digital mammograms.
The segmentation of PM and detection of MC and its classification are mostly based on image
processing and data mining techniques.

Discussion: The review centered on major techniques in image processing and data mining that is
employed for PM segmentation, MC detection and classification in digital mammograms. Breast
cancer is one of the significant causes of death among women aged above 40. Mammography is
considered the most successful means for prompt and timely detection of breast cancers. One notable
visual indication of the malignant growth is the appearance of Masses, Architectural Distortions,
and Microcalcification Clusters (MCCs). There are some disadvantages and hurdles for mankind
viewers, and it is hard for radiologists to supply both precise and steady assessment for a large
number of mammograms created in extensive screening. Computer Aided Detection has been employed
to help radiologists in detecting MC and MCCs. The automatic recognition of malignant
MCCs could be very helpful for diagnostic purpose. In this paper, we summarize the methods of
automatic detection and classification of MCs in digitized mammograms. Pectoral muscle segmentation
techniques are also summarized.

Conclusion:

The techniques used for segmentation of PM, MC detection and classification in a
digitized mammogram are reviewed.
Classification of Operational and Financial Variables Affecting the Bullwhip Effect in Indian Sectors: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Gupta Sachin , Saxena Anurag
Published: October 2018

Background:

The increased variability in production or procurement with respect to less
increase of variability in demand or sales is considered as bullwhip effect. Bullwhip effect is considered
as an encumbrance in optimization of supply chain as it causes inadequacy in the supply chain.
Various operations and supply chain management consultants, managers and researchers are doing a
rigorous study to find the causes behind the dynamic nature of the supply chain management and
have listed shorter product life cycle, change in technology, change in consumer preference and era
of globalization, to name a few. Most of the literature that explored bullwhip effect is found to be
based on simulations and mathematical models. Exploring bullwhip effect using machine learning is
the novel approach of the present study.

Methods:

Present study explores the operational and financial variables affecting the bullwhip effect
on the basis of secondary data. Data mining and machine learning techniques are used to explore the
variables affecting bullwhip effect in Indian sectors. Rapid Miner tool has been used for data mining
and 10-fold cross validation has been performed. Weka Alternating Decision Tree (w-ADT) has
been built for decision makers to mitigate bullwhip effect after the classification.

Results:

Out of the 19 selected variables affecting bullwhip effect 7 variables have been selected
which have highest accuracy level with minimum deviation.

Conclusion:

Classification technique using machine learning provides an effective tool and techniques
to explore bullwhip effect in supply chain management.
Emergence of Traditionally Used Foods as Today’s Probioticslong Journey
Authors: Arora Malika , Kaur Navdeep , Bansal Parveen , Baldi Ashish
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

Probiotic based food products have become very popular nowadays throughout the world. Due to the steep rise in scientific evidences pointing towards the positive health benefits to humans and animals; probiotic microorganisms are being manufactured by the food manufactures in a range of market products. As per today’s era, traditional foods are being anticipated as a delivery vehicle for probiotics and nutraceuticals. These traditional food products are supposed to alter the gut microbial composition, thus leading to improved gut health. Worldwide market of probiotics based food products is increasing exponentially due to the increased interest of consumers towards traditional home remedies.

Materials:

The traditional products with therapeutic value and having probiotic characteristics have been searched from various research and reviews article from Ayurveda texts (like Charak Samhita, Sushuruta Samhita, Bhavparkasha Nighantu etc.) and Internet sources such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus etc.

Results:

Though key research developments are going on in the field of probiotic microbes, the use of these in food and pharmaceuticals is a major challenge for both the industry and science sectors. This article summarizes traditionally used probiotics product along with market value, current status, associated health/nutritional claims and potential applications of probiotics for health care professionals and common man. Moreover, this manuscript has highlighted the use of traditional probiotics strain as today’s medicines.

Conclusion:

In light of ongoing market trends strengthened with presence of the strong scientific evidences for associating health benefits of these probiotic products, there is a need to conduct studies to designate their quality, safety and efficacy. Furthermore, scientific substantiation with supportive evidences of clinical trials is required to be carried out to use probiotics based traditional medical therapy in a safe and judicious manner.
FOUNDATIONAL SOURCES AND PURPOSES OF AUTHORITY IN AUSTRALIAN LAW
Authors: Kelly Danial
Published: October 2018

The starting point in understanding Australia’s socio-legal place in an international context is to be familiar with its Western legal tradition. Some of the characteristics of the Western idea of law include the separation of law from other normative systems (such as religion), the centrality or primacy of law as a method of regulating society, and the inherent authority of law. Other major socio-legal features of contemporary Australia include a multicultural population and government by representative democracy. Australian law has sprung out of the English branch of the Western legal tradition, therefore the English heritage of Australian law will first be considered.
APPLYING PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE IN FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
Authors: Latifah Emmy , Imanullah Moch Najib
Published: October 2018

The aim of this paper is to examine an applying the precautionary principle in fisheries management. Precautionary principle is a principle where the possibility exist of serious or irreversible harm, lack of scientific certainty should not preclude cautions action by decision-makers to prevent or mitigate such harm. This principle has been accepting in widely international environmental law so that with applying this principle in fisheries management, it could be expected to provide an opportunity to progress towards sustainable fisheries development.