bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coral Fish Community at Artificial Reef In front of Marine Field Station of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science UNSRAT in Kampung Ambong Likupang Village, at The District of North Minahasa
Authors: Molongio Sanjaya , Rondonuwu Ari B. , Moningkey Ruddy D.
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to looking for the number of species, individual number and coral fish community structure at Artificial Reef in Front Marine Field Station of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science UNSRAT in Kampung Ambong Likupang Village at The District of North Minahasa. This research was done at artificial structure consist of different materials i.e iron, concrete struckture and bamboo which were laid at aproximately 9 metres. 23 coral fish species consist of : 3 species of indicator fish, 3 species of herbivorous target fish, 9 species of carnivorous target fish and 8 species mayor fish. The highest number of species was found in May 2019 (21 species) while at the same time low in individual (291) was found. In March 2019, coral fish was found in fair category (17 species) while high number of individual (383) was found in April 2019 (16 species) and the number of individual (321) was found. Diversity of all species that found from March up to May 2019 was 2,373 (good category). The dominance indeks was found 0,132 and could be categorized  as lowKeywords : Artificial, Subtrat, coral reef, fish. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan pada substrat buatan dengan bahan yang berbeda yaitu besi, beton dan bambu yang diletakkan pada kedalaman + 9 meter. Ditemukan 23 jenis ikan karang yang meliputi  3 jenis ikan indikator, 3 jenis ikan target herbivora, 9 jenis ikan target karnivora dan 8 jenis ikan mayor. Jenis ikan karang yang tinggi ditemukan pada bulan Mei 2019 yaitu 21 jenis sedangkan jumlah individu rendah 291 individu, pada bulan Maret 2019 ikan karang yang ditemukan tergolong sedang berjumlah 17 jenis sedangkan jumlah individu tinggi yaitu 383 individu dan pada bulan April ikan karang yang ditemukan berjumlah 16 jenis dengan jumlah individu 321. Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) dari keseluruhan jenis mulai dari bulan Maret hingga Mei 2019 yaitu 2,373 dan dikategorikan sedang, indeks dominansi (D) 0,132 dan diketegorikan rendah.Kata kunci: Artifisial, Subtrat, terumbu karang, ikan.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KUALITAS PELAYANAN JASA TV KABEL DAN INTERNET PADA PT. MALANG MULTIMEDIA MANDIRI
Authors: Aditama Roni Angger
Published: September 2019

In this globalization era, the development of information technologcy and communication have raised too, and become an important need by the society. It was becoming a trigger of high competition between cable television and internet service providers. Several ways are done for improving the service quality toward customers. The dimension of services quality are such as tangibles factor, reliability factor, responsiveness factor, assurance factor, and empathy factor. To measure the level of service quality, this research was done in PT. Malang Multimedia Mandiri by taking 100 respondents. Questionnaire was used to collect data and analyzed by descriptive quantitative method. The result of validation test state that the whole attributes are valid by r count > r table that is more than 0.195. By using reliability test stated that the result was reliable with the score of cronbach’s alpha > 0.60. Then,continue with frequency distribution analysis by using IBM SPSS Software version 25 and the result shows that the service quality are good.
Leitura de textos especializados anglófonos no Ensino Técnico: idiossincrasias terminológicas e pedagógicas sob a perspectiva da Linguística de Corpus
Authors: Monzón Andrea Jessica Borges , Fadanelli Sabrina Bonqueves
Published: September 2019

Os alunos de cursos técnicos públicos e privados no Brasil, ao mesmo tempo em que aprendem os conteúdos necessários para exercer seu futuro ofício, devem desenvolver conhecimento de leitura em Língua Inglesa para possibilitar a máxima capacidade de suas habilidades na área escolhida. Neste cenário estão inseridos os profissionais que trabalham com a Língua Inglesa Instrumental (HUTCHINSON; WATERS, 1987) e que na maioria dos casos não possuem muito apoio em suas atividades com a terminologia e os textos técnicos em sala de aula. Com o objetivo de gerar possíveis sugestões terminológico-pedagógicas (BARBOSA, 2009) para esse professor, este artigo descreve dois estudos oriundos de teses de Doutorado que corroboram a importância da abordagem da Linguística de Corpus (SINCLAIR, 2004; BIBER et al., 1998; SARDINHA, 2004) e do Gênero Textual (SWALES, 1990; MARCUSCHI, 2003; BAZERMAN, 2005) no desenvolvimento de estratégias de leitura (KOCH, 2005; KLEIMAN, 2004) e de aprendizagem do vocabulário de textos técnicos e/ou acadêmicos. A metodologia constituiu-se na coleta de dados com alunos de cursos técnicos em Informática e Eletrotécnica utilizando textos de gêneros relevantes para os contextos educacional e laboral de cada área: os artigos científicos e os datasheets. A finalidade da coleta foi de verificar as dificuldades discentes com estratégias de leitura e a compreensão dos textos em relação à ocorrência dos termos no âmbito de cada gênero textual e de cada área do conhecimento. Os resultados apontam para a grande relevância da inclusão de conceitos da Linguística de Corpus em sala de aula e da análise de gêneros, para que o trabalho com a linguagem técnica leve em conta não somente o léxico, como também o todo do texto, de acordo com a perspectiva textual da Terminologia (CIAPUSCIO, 1998; FINATTO, 2004a).
Música com copos - uma experiência com sons alternativos no ensino de língua inglesa
Authors: Da Silva Adriana Andrade
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo aprofundar o debate em torno do uso da música como estratégia pedagógica na Educação Básica e Tecnológica. Para isso, apresenta reflexões preliminares sobre a temática a partir do desenvolvimento de um projeto com alunos de primeiro e segundo ano do Curso Técnico em Agropecuária Integrado ao Ensino Médio e de primeiro ano do Curso Técnico em Administração Integrado ao Ensino Médio do Instituto Federal Farroupilha – Campus São Vicente do Sul. O projeto busca trabalhar a música de uma forma mais dinâmica e atrativa, inspirado nos grupos e artistas contemporâneos que utilizam objetos e materiais diversos em suas criações musicais. O estudo compreende a apreciação do filme “A Escolha Perfeita”, que tem inspirado jovens do mundo todo a produzirem vídeos cantando e coreografando copos, a chamada “Cup Song”. Nesse sentido, o estudo ressalta a importância de atividades estimulantes para o desenvolvimento das quatro habilidades básicas de aprendizagem – a compreensão auditiva, a leitura, a compreensão oral e a compreensão escrita, situando o aluno como agente na construção do conhecimento e consciente de que a aprendizagem de conteúdos em sala de aula dialoga com outros saberes que estão presentes na sociedade.
Novas Famílias, Escola Antiga: tecnologias e temas transversais em aulas de português no Ensino Médio
Authors: Almeida Ana Claudia Pereira de
Published: September 2019

Quando um documento oficial prescreve que “o estudo da Língua Materna na escola aponta para uma reflexão sobre o uso da Língua na vida e na sociedade” (BRASIL, 2000, p. 16), esse documento sinaliza que é preciso incluir nas aulas de português temáticas concernentes às mudanças sociais que frequentemente inundam o ambiente escolar. Nesse sentido, as práticas formais de linguagem colaboram para a apropriação, pelos estudantes do Ensino Médio, de conceitos e discussões que lhes permitem extrapolar o senso comum e, com isso, desenvolver as próprias ideias. Assim, este trabalho se constitui da análise de uma tarefa escolar realizada por estudantes do 4º ano do IFRS Campus Rio Grande; nessa atividade, os alunos, após negociarem significados com pares, propuseram a atualização do conceito de família, nos termos de um concurso criado pelo Dicionário Houaiss. Visto que se trata de aprendentes digitais, foi-lhes solicitada a elaboração de um vídeo como resposta à tarefa, nos termos de Almeida (2015). Na avaliação da tarefa, pôde-se perceber entre os estudantes a emergência da colaboração não apenas entre os pares de trabalho, mas do grupo como um todo.
改革开放初期产业集群中的组织传播———以浙江省温州市为例
Authors: 常 宏瑞
Published: September 2019

中国自改革开放以来，中小企业在没有资本和固定资产抵押品的困扰下，以一种独特的、发达国家从来没有的集群方式，突破了资本壁垒，完成了迅速工业化。这种在发达国家眼中绝对不可能出现，但是，在当时中国的发展模式中切实发生了，并且使中国在复兴道路上实现了更快速更稳定的发展。相对于美国等发达国家的产业集群，中国有十分明显的" 化整为零" 的倾向，这种发展模式产生的组织中，信息传播与反馈实现了高效率，最终高效完成目标任务。论文构建了3 个模型，分别对中国早期" 虚拟联合大企业" 的组织内关系与组织外关系进行阐述，解释了其在中国早期工业化道路上表现出的反常的高效性，说明了高效的反馈构建的信任体系产生的短期与长期影响，指出这种乡镇企业是一种来源于中国人际传播形成的特殊的组织，正是该组织中的传播模式在中国展现出的高效性使中国实现了迅速工业化。
探讨如何提升基层人口与计划生育统计工作质量
Authors: 薛 艳丽
Published: September 2019

随着中国国民经济水平地不断提高，社会生产力水平借助于国民经济的推动力得到极大地提升，社会生产力水平的提升与中国人口计划生育有着紧密地联系，基层人口与计划生育统计工作是其重要的组成部分，将会对后期的人口生育产生重要的影响。论文将重点论述如何提升基层人口与计划生育统计工作质量。
Correlation between serum interleukin-6 with glomerular filtration rate in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kambayana Gede , Pulcheria Meryl , Widiana I Gde Raka
Published: September 2019

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by remarkable heterogeneity in clinical manifestations with underlying autoimmune mechanisms. The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is known to be involved in SLE immunopathogenesis and significantly related to disease activity as well as its complications. Additionally, IL-6 has been demonstrated to underlie important roles in lupus nephritis.

Objective: To determine the correlation between Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Serum and Glomelular Filtration Rate (GFR) in SLE.

Methods: In this study we investigated the correlation of serum IL-6 with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to assess kidney damage in 67 premenopausal patients aged between 17-50 years with inactive SLE. The study variables including age, duration of illness, cumulative corticosteroid dose, MEX-SLEDAI score, serum creatinine, and GFR were obtained through interview and medical record review; whilst serum level of IL-6 was measured using ELISA.

Results: Median level of IL-6 was found to be 2.71 (0.332-10.000) pg/ml. Pearson correlation test showed significant correlation between serum IL-6 and GFR (r = 0.288, P = 0.018).

Conclusion: This study result shows that there was positive correlation observed between serum IL-6 and GFR in inactive SLE.
Perbedaan Pengaruh Pemberian Diltiazem Dibandingkan Kontrol Terhadap Hitung Jenis Infiltrasi Netrofil pada Luka Incisi Tikus Wistar
Authors: Permana Septian
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Nyeri kronis pasca bedah dapat disebabkan karena proses inflamasi yang terjadi. Proses inflamasi pasca bedah dimulai dengan pelepasan mediator inflamasi oleh sel residen, dimana yang muncul paling awal adalah neutrofil. Diltiazem memiliki efek pencegahan terhadap infiltrasi neutrofil, yang lebih lanjut juga akan mencegah pelepaskan berbagai mediator, termasuk sitokin proinflamasi oleh neutrofil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati apakah pemberian diltiazem efektif dalam mengendalikan reaksi inflamasi yang terjadi pasca incisi, dengan menghitung perbedaan skor histologi hitung jenis infiltrasi neutrofil jaringan. Metode : Merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik dengan desain randomized controlled trial. 30 ekor tikus wistar dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. K1 merupakan kelompok kontrol terdiri dari 15 ekor tikus yang dilakukan incisi sepanjang 1 cm dengan pemberian placebo, dan K2 merupakan kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari 15 ekor tikus yang dilakukan incisi sepanjang 1 cm yang diberikan diltiazem oral. Pemeriksaan neutrofil menggunakan pengecatan hematoksilin eosin yang dilakukan setelah hari pertama pasca incisi. Hasil : Menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna diantara kedua kelompok dengan p = 0,000 ; p < 0,05. Rerata dari kelompok dengan pemberian diltiazem memperlihatkan hasil yang lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang tanpa pemberian diltiazem. Simpulan : Pemberian diltiazem efektif dalam mengendalikan reaksi inflamasi yang terjadi pasca incisi, dengan melihat perbedaan jumlah hitung jenis neutrofil pada luka insisi
Applying Machine Learning Techniques to Identify Undiagnosed Patients with Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency
Authors: Pyenson Bruce , Alston Maggie , Gomberg Jeffrey , Han Feng , Khandelwal Nikhil , Dei Motoharu , Son Monica , Vora Jaime
Published: September 2019

Background: Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a serious condition characterized by a lack of functional exocrine pancreatic enzymes and the resultant inability to properly digest nutrients. EPI can be caused by a variety of disorders, including chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and celiac disease. EPI remains underdiagnosed because of the nonspecific nature of clinical symptoms, lack of an ideal diagnostic test, and the inability to easily identify affected patients using administrative claims data. Objectives: To develop a machine learning model that identifies patients in a commercial medical claims database who likely have EPI but are undiagnosed. Methods: A machine learning algorithm was developed in Scikit-learn, a Python module. The study population, selected from the 2014 Truven MarketScan® Commercial Claims Database, consisted of patients with EPI-prone conditions. Patients were labeled with 290 condition category flags and split into actual positive EPI cases, actual negative EPI cases, and unlabeled cases. The study population was then randomly divided into a training subset and a testing subset. The training subset was used to determine the performance metrics of 27 models and to select the highest performing model, and the testing subset was used to evaluate performance of the best machine learning model. Results: The study population consisted of 2088 actual positive EPI cases, 1077 actual negative EPI cases, and 437 530 unlabeled cases. In the best performing model, the precision, recall, and accuracy were 0.91, 0.80, and 0.86, respectively. The best-performing model estimated that the number of patients likely to have EPI was about 12 times the number of patients directly identified as EPI-positive through a claims analysis in the study population. The most important features in assigning EPI probability were the presence or absence of diagnosis codes related to pancreatic and digestive conditions. Conclusions: Machine learning techniques demonstrated high predictive power in identifying patients with EPI and could facilitate an enhanced understanding of its etiology and help to identify patients for possible diagnosis and treatment.
Predictors of Hospital Length of Stay among Patients with Low-risk Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Wang Li , Baser Onur , Wells Phil , Peacock W. Frank , Coleman Craig I. , Fermann Gregory J. , Schein Jeff , Crivera Concetta
Published: September 2019

Background: Increased hospital length of stay is an important cost driver in hospitalized low-risk pulmonary embolism (LRPE) patients, who benefit from abbreviated hospital stays. We sought to measure length-of-stay associated predictors among Veterans Health Administration LRPE patients.

Methods: Adult patients (aged ≥18 years) with ≥1 inpatient pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis (index date = discharge date) between 10/2011-06/2015 and continuous enrollment for ≥12 months pre- and 3 months post-index were included. PE patients with simplified Pulmonary Embolism Stratification Index score 0 were considered low risk; all others were considered high risk. LRPE patients were further stratified into short (≤2 days) and long length of stay cohorts. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of length of stay among low-risk patients.

Results: Among 6746 patients, 1918 were low-risk (28.4%), of which 688 (35.9%) had short and 1230 (64.1%) had long length of stay. LRPE patients with computed tomography angiography (Odds ratio [OR]: 4.8, 95% Confidence interval [CI]: 3.82-5.97), lung ventilation/perfusion scan (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.86-7.76), or venous Doppler ultrasound (OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.08-1.86) at baseline had an increased probability of short length of stay. Those with troponin I (OR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.54-0.86) or natriuretic peptide testing (OR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.57-0.90), or more comorbidities at baseline, were less likely to have short length of stay.

Conclusion: Understanding the predictors of length of stay can help providers deliver efficient treatment and improve patient outcomes which potentially reduces the length of stay, thereby reducing the overall burden in LRPE patients.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Transanal Irrigation for Managing Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction in Japan
Authors: Sengoku Atsushi , Noto Shinichi , Nomi Masashi , Emmanuel Anton , Murata Tatsunori , Mimura Toshiki
Published: September 2019

Background: Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) is a common sequela in Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients. Bowel dysfunction symptoms have a significant negative impact on quality of life (QOL) and are often socially disabling. Transanal irrigation (TAI) is a bowel management procedure that significantly mitigates NBD symptoms in patients refractory to standard bowel care (SBC) by reducing the incidence of fecal incontinence, ameliorating constipation, and improving QOL. TAI devices are used across many countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, and France, and introduction of the devices is being considered in Japan. In this context, a cost-effectiveness analysis specific to Japanese settings is relevant.

Objectives: To analyze the cost-effectiveness of TAI for bowel management of SCI patients with NBD in a Japanese clinical setting.

Methods: A modified version of a previously developed and published Markov model was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of TAI. In the model, SCI patients using TAI due to NBD were compared with SCI patients not responding to TAI and continuing with SBC. Quality-adjusted Life Years (QALYs) were used as the primary effectiveness measure, and the analysis was conducted from the payer’s perspective.

Results: The model predicts a lifetime incremental cost of TAI to be 3 198 687 yen compared with SBC. TAI provided an additional 0.8 QALY, which leads to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of TAI vs SBC of 4 016 287 yen/QALY.

Conclusions: An ICER of 4 million yen falls within the range of reported willingness to pay (WTP) per QALY gain (5–6.7 million yen) in Japan, and TAI is therefore found to be a cost-effective treatment strategy compared to SBC. The result should be further corroborated in future Japanese trials of TAI.
Prejudice, vulnerability, accession process, religiosity regarding the life routine with AIDS: life stories
Authors: Isoldi Deyla Moura Ramos , Simpson Clélia Albino , Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de , Mendes Felismina Rosa Parreira , Silva Antônia Oliveira , De Carvalho Francisca Patrícia Barreto , Fernandes Amélia Carolina Lopes , Pereira Fábio Claudinei Da Costa
Published: September 2019

Objective: To communicate life stories of people who suffer from acquired immunodeficiency-syndrome with a higher vulnerability registered at the Municipal Secretary of Social Assistance and the diagnostic’s influence on their daily routine.
Method: Descriptive and exploratory study based on oral life history. Thirteen people with AIDs took part in the study via a semi-structured interview. The narratives were analyzed using Bardin’s thematic content analysis.
Results: Three thematic axes emerged from Bardin’s content analysis: prejudice and discrimination regarding the life routine with aids; Reaction when facing the diagnostic and the adhesion process for the antiretroviral treatment; Confrontation of religion and religiousness on people with aids.
Conclusion: The people living with aids, a chronic and stigmatizing disease, need the support of multidisciplinary teams and an improvement in relation to the access, the coverage and the meaning assigned to the disease, besides a better quality of life and social assistance. We conclude that religion did not contribute to facing these people’s conditions. It brought blame, incorrect information that may impair the treatment and their follow-up. One infers that health education regarding HIV/AIDS needs to be remodeled on all of society’s segments.
Short-duration Stellar Flares in GALEX Data
Authors: Brasseur C. E. , Osten Rachel A. , Fleming Scott W.
Published: September 2019

We report on a population of short-duration near-ultraviolet (NUV) flares in stars observed by the Kepler and Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) missions. We analyzed the NUV light curves of 34,276 stars observed from 2009 to 2013 by both the GALEX (NUV) and Kepler (optical) space missions with the eventual goal of investigating multiwavelength flares. From the GALEX data, we constructed light curves with a 10 s cadence, and we ultimately detected 1904 short-duration flares on 1021 stars. The vast majority (94.5%) of these flares have durations less than 5 minutes, with flare flux enhancements above the quiescent flux level ranging from 1.5 to 1700. The flaring stars are primarily solar-like, with T
eff ranging from 3000 to 11,000 K and radii between 0.5 and 15 R
⊙. This set of flaring stars is almost entirely distinct from that of previous flare surveys of Kepler data and indicates a previously undetected collection of small flares contained within the Kepler sample. The range in flare energies spans 1.8 × 1032–8.9 × 1037 erg, with associated relative errors spanning 2%–87%. The flare frequency distribution by energy follows a power law with index α = 1.72 ± 0.05, consistent with results of other solar and stellar flare studies at a range of wavelengths. This supports the idea that the NUV flares we observed are governed by the same physical processes present in solar and optical flares. The relationship between flare duration and associated flare energy extends results found for solar and stellar white-light flares, and suggests that these flares originate in regions with magnetic field strengths of several hundred Gauss, and length scales of the order of 1010 cm.
Disintegrating Inbound Long-period Comet C/2019 J2
Authors: Jewitt David , Luu Jane
Published: September 2019

We present observations of the disintegrating long-period comet C/2019 J2 (Palomar), taken to determine the nature of the object and the cause of its demise. The data are consistent with the break-up of a sub-kilometer nucleus into a debris cloud of mass ∼109 kg, peaking on UT 2019 May 24 ± 12. This is ∼56 days before perihelion and at a heliocentric distance of ∼1.9 au. We consider potential mechanisms of disintegration. Tidal disruption is ruled out, because the comet has not passed within the Roche sphere of any planet. Impact disruption is implausible, because the comet orbit is highly inclined (inclination 105.°1) and disruption occurred far above the ecliptic, where asteroids are rare. The back pressure generated by sublimation (0.02–0.4 N m−2) is orders of magnitude smaller than the reported compressive strength (30–150 N m−2) of cometary material and, therefore, is of no importance. The depletion of volatiles by sublimation occurs too slowly to render the nucleus inactive on the timescale of infall. However, we find that the e-folding timescale for spin-up of the nucleus by the action of sublimation torques is shorter than the infall time, provided that the nucleus radius is r

n
< 0.4 km. Thus, the disintegration of C/2019 J2 is tentatively interpreted as the rotational disruption of a sub-kilometer nucleus caused by outgassing torques.
Sahel : soubassements d’un désastre
Authors: Antil Alain
Published: September 2019

Économies atones peu créatrices d’emplois, croissances démographiques vigoureuses, aides internationales souvent considérées comme des rentes, appareils de sécurité incapables de sécuriser les espaces nationaux, et surtout de protéger les populations : les États du Sahel sont-ils en train de perdre la main sur leurs propres espaces intérieurs ? La déroute des systèmes militaires, judiciaires et éducatifs n’autorise que peu d’optimisme sur l’avenir de ces pays, et de l’insécurité qui y grandit.
L’UE est-elle prête pour les prochains défis migratoires ?
Authors: Tardis Matthieu
Published: September 2019

L’Union européenne a certes répondu à l’arrivée massive de migrants en 2015, mais avec des mesures de court terme, et qui ont creusé les divisions entre pays membres. Elle reste aujourd’hui divisée sur l’analyse même du problème migratoire pour l’avenir, et n’a pas mis en place les dispositifs qui permettraient de répondre à de nouvelles crises. Ce sont les mécanismes de décision de l’Union, les principes mêmes de son action, ainsi que sa crédibilité internationale, qui sont ainsi mis en cause.
The Potential of Text-to-Speech Synthesis in Computer-Assisted Language Learning
Authors: Chiaráin Neasa Ní , Chasaide Ailbhe Ní
Published: September 2019

This chapter describes the potential of text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) as a tool that can transform CALL platforms. Illustrating this point, a specific platform, An Scéalaí, is presented. By incorporating TTS, this platform facilitates the training of literacy skills, writing, and reading, with an emphasis at all times on the spoken language. The platform is described, as is the way in which it functions as a personalised tutor, prompting the learner towards self-correction. The prompts are delivered in both spoken/auditory form (using TTS voices) and in written form. The auditory feedback enables prooflistening, as well as spoken instructions pertaining to specific errors not picked up in the prooflistening process. The learner's progress is monitored throughout and records of the process are harvested for future research. The language in focus is Irish, and the linguistic complexities being targeted in the present implementation are explained, along with the relevant sociolinguistic context.
Hydrogen Transport and Metal Embrittlement Risk in Storage and Industrial Applications
Authors: Gaude-Fugarolas Daniel
Published: September 2019

A physical model studying the diffusion of interstitial atoms has been used in the study of hydrogen redistribution, in order to predict the risk of hydrogen damage in a range of manufacturing processes. In this work, conditions representative of hydrogen storage and some scenarios in the nuclear or chemical industries are considered. A singular advantage of this model is that, contrary to some simplified commercial and academic models, it contemplates diffusion in its most comprehensive description, i.e., with the driving force for atom diffusion being the gradient in chemical activation instead of simply considering it occurs down a composition gradient. Because the model also incorporates thermal history, microstructure, matrix solubility, multiple trapping distributions, interaction with the atmosphere and others, it is ideally suited to study real industrial applications. In this work, several simulations of hydrogen permeation are considered. Hydrogen permeation in industrial applications may introduce damage within the metal structure, leading to delayed failure. In the cases studied hydrogen is transported through a metal wall separating one volume with high hydrogen pressure and/or high temperature from another volume with low hydrogen pressure and temperature. By using such comprehensive physical model, it is possible to study the effects of hydrogen pressure and temperature gradient, wall thickness, metal microstructure and trap distribution on the flux across the wall and on the accumulation of hydrogen within the metal. Furthermore, it makes possible to estimate the embrittlement risk and when necessary the time to fracture. Keywords: hydrogen, steel, permeation, physical model, hydrogen storage, nuclear industry
Optical and Structural Properties of SnO2 Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis Technique: Effect of Solution Concentration
Authors: DERRAR Khaoula , Zaabat Mourad , Zerrouk Imededdine , Hafdallah Abdelkader , Rouabah Nouhad , Gasmi Brahim
Published: September 2019

This article presents the elaboration of tin oxide (SnO2) thin films on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique. Our interest is on the investigation of Effect solution concentration on the structural, optical and morphological properties of the films. Structural analysis by X-ray diffraction showed that the deposited films are polycrystalline in nature with a tetragonal structure having a preferential orientation along with (1 1 0) plane. SEM micrograph proved the existence of small cracks on the film surface, EDS confirmed the composition percentage ratio of Sn and O2 and no trace of impurities could be detected. The spectrophotometer UV-Visible confirms that it is possible to get good transparent SnO2 films with a transmission of 80 to 90% in the visible. The values of optical band gaps vary between 3.6 and 4.0 eV depending on the spraying solution concentration.
Structural, Optical and Thermal Characterizations of Lithium Borate Glasses Containing the Barite
Authors: Abdellaoui K. , Hager I.Z. , Othman Hosam A. , BOUMAZA Abdecharif , Kamoun-Turki Najoua
Published: September 2019

A glass system was prepared according to the formula 60mol%B2O3 – x mol %barite – (40-x) mol %Li2O, where x=0, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 and 20 mol%. The amorphous nature of the prepared glasses was confirmed through X-ray diffraction. The prepared glasses were also characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and the differential thermal analysis (DTA). The density is found to increase and this is because of the higher molecular of the added barite. The molar volume also increases with increasing barite content that indicates the structural changes occurred in borate network that were also confirmed using FTIR. Increasing the concentration of barite shifts the UV cutoff edge toward higher wavelengths from about 300 nm at 0 mol% barite to about 400 nm at 15 mol% of barite. Glass transition temperature (Tg) is found to increase with the increasing barite content. When analyzed by photoluminescence, the samples exhibit luminescence emission centered at around 400, 415, 480, 430, 485, 520, 545, and 570 nm when excited at 300 nm wavelength. The emission peaks at 420 nm, and 440 nm were assigned to F center emission. Between 440 nm and 520 nm it is rather the effect of the presence of the impurities.
Elaboration and Characterization of in Doped TiO2 Thin Films
Authors: Hanini Faouzi , Bouabellou Abderrahmane , Bouachiba Yassine , Taabouche Adel , Kermiche Fouad , Mahtali Mohamed , Daas Zahia
Published: September 2019

Undoped and indium (In) doped TiO2 thin films were deposited by sol-gel method onto glass substrates. Structural, optical and electrical properties of films were studied. X-rays diffraction patterns showed that the TiO2 films consist of anatase phase. AFM images revealed that the surface roughness of In:TiO2 films is smoother than that of undoped TiO2 films. UV–Vis transmittance results showed TiO2 films have signiﬁcant optical absorption in the region of 300–350 nm and are fully transparent in the visible. Both film thickness and refraction index in dependence on the fraction of In doping are derived from TE and TM optical guided modes excited in a prism coupler. The optical gap Eg decreases from 3.50 eV for undoped TiO2 film to 3.43 eV at 2 at.% In doping and then increases for doping with indium at 10 at.%. The electrical characterization shows a maximum electrical conductivity of 2.7 (S/cm) obtained for the film doped with 10 at.% In.
Structural Properties of 300 Å of Iron Films Grown on Polycrystalline Substrate
Authors: Boukhalfa Radhia , Farh Hichem
Published: September 2019

In this manuscript, the structural properties such as the distance inter-reticular of samples is studied, In the fact, four samples were used symbolized as follows: E tAg(Å), the only difference is the thickness of the Silver buffer layer (tAg= 0, 50, 100 and 150 Å) to find out how the thickness of this layer depends on the structural characteristics of the Iron thin layer, all samples are deposited using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) at room temperature onto Si (100) substrate. The structural properties of all samples examined using X-ray diffraction method at small and high angles. The small angles X-Ray diffraction curves confirmed to us that there is a clear difference between the surface structure of the samples by varying the number of Kiessig Fringes, Also high angles X-Ray diffraction curves assured us this difference through the clear variation in the angular positions of the peaks of Bragg and the distances inter-reticular values from a sample to the other.
Study of the Effect of Aging on Precipitation in Wire Drawn and Annealed Aluminum Alloy (AGS)
Authors: Bayarassou Mokhtar , Baira F. , Zidani Mosbah , Djimaoui T. , Fedaoui Kamel
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the study of precipitation reaction in the aluminum alloy known as AGS 6101. For the case of Cold drawn wires process in the open air space and at room temperature for two years, we inspect first the presence of precipitates in the microstructure and study the effect of heat treatment on the activation of this phenomenon [1]. The second objective of this work is to see the effect of natural and thermal aging on the microstructural evolution of cold-drawn aluminum wires (AGS) 6101 [2-5]. The characterization methods used in this work are optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction.
Investigation and Characterization of New Polyimide Powder for Selective Laser Sintering
Authors: Vaganov Gleb , Didenko Andrei , Ivan’kova Elena , Popova Elena , Kuznetsova Tatyana , Kobykhno Ilya , Yudin Vladimir
Published: September 2019

Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) is close to be accepted as a production technique (Additive Manufacturing). However, one problem limiting employment of SLS for additive manufacturing in a wide-ranging industrial scope is the narrow variety of applicable polymers.In the present work, a thermoplastic semi-crystalline polyimide powder was synthesized.. The shape, size and fractional composition of such powder were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. As a result, polyimide powders with a fairly narrow particle size distribution were formed. On the basis of the polyimide powder, samples were obtained in the form of films by the method of selective laser sintering (SLS). The mechanical properties of these samples were investigated depending on a laser energy density. The morphological study of the films cross-sections showed that monolithic sample having insignificant pores and irregularities in the structure was formed
Friction and Wear Characteristics of UD Thermoplastic Tape Based Nanocomposites with Fullerene Soot
Authors: Kobykhno Ilya , Honcharenko Dmytro , Li Hong Yu , Steshenkov Alexey Leonidovich , Xu Jin Bao , Yadykin Vladimir
Published: September 2019

A series of unidirectional thermoplastic tapes (UD tapes) specimens based on carbon fibers and polyamide filled with fullerene soot in a concentration of up to 4 wt. % was made. A study of the tribological properties by the 3 Ball on Plate test and Ring on Plate test and was made. Shown that the introduction of fullerene soot up to 2 wt. % decreases scatter of CoF in both ranges of load and velocity. Also, this concentration decreases wear rate almost 2.5 times compare to unfilled specimen. Mechanism of friction and wear was suggested. The obtained tribological results are well consistent with mechanical properties, and agree with previously suggested theory of the effect of fullerene soot on adhesion between polymer and fibers.
Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Deposition of Nanocomposite Material in the "Iron-Carbon-Oxygen" System
Authors: Tyurikova Irina , Aleksandrov Sergey E. , Tyurikov Kirill , Iankevich Gleb A.
Published: September 2019

Based on aerosol chemical deposition, a method was developed and the process of simultaneous formation of a composite with a carbon matrix and iron oxide nanoparticles incorporated therein was developed. As the source of carbon, o-xylene is proposed, source of nanoscale iron oxide - stabilized and unstabilized magnetic fluid based on benzoic acid in dimethylformamide solution, where benzoic acid is addition source of carbon. The proposed method makes it possible to obtain composite materials of various types with several directions of growth.
Plasma Chemical Synthesis of Aluminum Nitride Nanopowder
Authors: Novikov Pavel Alexandrovich , Kim Artem Eduardovich , Ozerskoi Nikolay Evgenievich , Wang Qing Sheng , Popovich Anatoly Anatolyevich
Published: September 2019

We studied in detail the process of producing nanosized aluminum nitride using inductively coupled nitrogen plasma from micron powder of pure aluminum. The phase and granulometric composition of the obtained nanopowders, as well as their morphology, was studied. The influence of various parameters (initial components, gas flow rates, feed rate of the initial powder, etc.) on the synthesis result is determined. Received nanodispersed Al-AlN powder with particle sizes up to 300 nm and aluminum nitride content from 11.6 to 48.8%.
Tribotechnical Diagnostics of an Internal Combustion Engine According to the Condition of the Oil
Authors: Syundyukov Ilnur Salavatovich , Ivanov Evgeniy Konstantinovich , Skotnikova Margarita Alexandrovna , Qian Jiang Da , Medvedeva Viktoria Valerevna , Krylov Nikolay Alexandrovich
Published: September 2019

The article describes a study of changes in the characteristics of engine oil after working in an internal combustion engine. Cost-effective replacement period for engine oil determined.
Corrosion-Resistant Ceramic Coatings that are Promising for Use in Liquid Metal Environments
Authors: Markov M.A. , Kashtanov Aleksandr D. , Krasikov Aleksei V. , Bykova A.D. , Gerashchenkov Dmitry A. , Makarov A.M. , Perevislov Sergei N.
Published: September 2019

This Article Presents the Results of the Development of Multilayer Ceramic Coatings to Protect Metal Products from Corrosion in Aggressive Liquid Metal Environments. the Development is Based on the Integrated Use of Low-Temperature Heterophase Transfer and Microarc Oxidation Methods. the Results of Corrosion Tests of Coatings in the Interaction with Molten Lead in the Temperature Range of 400-600°C are Presented. the Structural Characteristics of the Coatings are Considered.
La disputa sull’adozione degli embrioni umani Linee per una riflessione filosofica
Authors: Pessina Adriano
Published: September 2019

Il dilemma etico, ritenere o no moralmente legittima l’adozione degli embrioni in stato di abbandono, è analizzato all’interno di prospettive che condividono come premesse sia il riconoscimento dello statuto personale dell’embrione umano, sia una valutazione moralmente negativa delle tecniche di generazione extracorporea. Lo scopo è quello di verificare la coerenza interna tra queste premesse e la tesi della adottabilità degli embrioni, facendo riferimento a due possibili modelli interpretativi: quello che pone la vita come valore assoluto e quello che considera la vita un valore fondamentale. ---------- The ethical dilemma, if adopting abandoned human embryos would be morally legitimate, is analyzed within perspectives whose premises admit the personal status of the human embryo and judge negatively extracorporeal reproductive techniques. The aim is to verify the internal consistency between these premises and the argument according to which embryos could be adopted, using as reference two possible interpretative models: the model that considers life as an absolute value and the model that considers life as a fundamental value.
Sustainability assessment of sludge and biogas management in wastewater treatment plants using the LCA technique
Authors: Amaral Karina Guedes Cubas do , Aisse Miguel Mansur , Possetti Gustavo Rafael Collere
Published: September 2019

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors (UASBs) used in sewage treatment generate two useful byproducts: sludge and biogas. This study evaluated the sustainability of four different scenarios for the treatment and final destination of biological sludge and biogas in a medium-sized wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in South Brazil. At this plant, the sludge is sanitized by Prolonged Alkaline Stabilization and applied to agriculture (base scenario).  Scenario 1 is about biogas use to dry sludge, which is taken to be used in agriculture. In Scenarios 2 and 3 the heat of the sludge burning is used for drying and sanitation. Finally, in Scenario 3 the ashes are destined to landfills. An environmental impact assessment was performed through life-cycle assessment using the ReCiPe 2016 evaluation method. Social life-cycle assessment indicators, adapted and developed for WWTPs, were used for social assessment. Economic assessment was performed through the analysis of life-cycle costs. The dashboard of sustainability (DoS) method was used for global assessment of sustainability. For overall sustainability assessment, Scenario 1 had the highest score (678 points) (best scenario) in the DoS. The environmental dimension was what facilitated this scenario. For this dimension, the following indicators presented the highest points when compared to the other scenarios: soil acidification, ozone formation, terrestrial ecosystem. The base scenario had the lowest score (worst case scenario) (375 points).
Antibiotic resistance in surface waters from a coastal lagoon of Southern Brazil under the impact of anthropogenic activities
Authors: Leite Belize , Chaves Magda Antunes de , Nunes Athos Aramis Thopor , Jank Louise , Corção Gertrudes
Published: September 2019

Wastes arising from human activities can reach water bodies and contribute significantly to the presence of antibiotic resistant bacterial populations in aquatic environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cultivable antibiotic resistant bacterial populations from a coastal lagoon impacted by agriculture and urbanization activities. Water samples were collected in low and peak season and characterized regarding physicochemical variables, microbiological indicators and the presence of antimicrobial residues. In order to analyze the presence of resistant bacterial populations, the samples were grown in the presence of nalidixic acid, ceftazidime, imipenem and tetracycline. Genes associated with β-lactamic resistance (blaCTX-M-like, blaGES-like, blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23-like, blaSHV-like, blaTEM-like and blaSPM-1), class I integron and efflux systems (tetA, tetB, acrA, acrB, tolC, adeA, adeB, adeR, adeS, mexB, mexD, mexF and mexY) were analyzed by conventional in vitro amplification. Although antimicrobials residues were below the detection limit, resistant bacteria and resistance determinants - blaGES, class I integron, adeS, acrA, acrB, tolC, mexB, mexF - were present at almost all points, in both seasons and for all antimicrobials assessed. The high numbers of resistant bacteria counts observed after the antibiotic treatment were positively correlated to the urbanization effects on the Lagoon. Some resistant populations were even higher in the low season samples, indicating the importance of a systematic evaluation of antibiotic resistance on water resources.
A homogenization result in the gradient theory of phase transitions
Authors: Cristoferi Riccardo , Fonseca Irene , Hagerty Adrian , Popovici Cristina
Published: September 2019

A variational model in the context of the gradient theory for fluid-fluid phase transitions with small scale heterogeneities is studied. In particular, the case where the scale

\varepsilon

of the small homogeneities is of the same order of the scale governing the phase transition is considered. The interaction between homogenization and the phase transitions process will lead, in the limit as

\varepsilon \to 0

, to an anisotropic interfacial energy.
IJdelheid en wetenschap
Authors: van der Geest Sjaak
Published: September 2019

IJdelheid en wetenschapBoekbespreking: André Köbben (2017) Over de rol van ijdelheid in de wetenschap.
The sulfur- and halogen-rich super eruption Los Chocoyos and its impacts on climate and environment
Authors: Brenna Hans , Kutterolf Steffen , Mills Michael J. , Krüger Kirstin
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The super-eruption of Los Chocoyos, newly dated to 80.6 kyrs ago, in Guatemala was one of the largest volcanic events of the past 100 000 years. Recent petrologic data show that the eruption released very large amounts of climate-relevant sulfur and ozone destroying chlorine and bromine gases. Using the recently released Earth System Model CESM2(WACCM6) we simulate the impacts of the sulfur- and halogen-rich Los Chocoyos (~ 15° N) eruption on the pre-industrial Earth System for the eruption month January. Our model results show that enhanced modeled sulfate burden and aerosol optical depth (AOD) persists for five years, while the volcanic halogens stay elevated for nearly 15 years. As a consequence the eruption leads to a collapse of the ozone layer with global mean column ozone values dropping to 50 DU (80 % decrease) leading to a 550 % increase in surface UV over the first five years with potential impacts on the biosphere. The volcanic eruption shows an asymmetric hemispheric response with enhanced aerosol, ozone, UV, and climate signals over the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Surface climate is impacted globally due to peak AOD of > 6 leading to a maximum surface cooling of > 6 K, precipitation and terrestrial net primary production (NPP) decreases of > 25 %, and sea ice area increases of 40 % in the first three years. Locally, a wetting (> 100 %) and strong increase of NPP (> 700 %) over Northern Africa is simulated in the first five years related to a southwards shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone to the southern tropics. The ocean responds with El-Niño conditions in the first two years which are masked by the strong volcanic induced surface cooling. Recovery to pre-eruption ozone levels and climate takes 15 and 30 years respectively. The long lasting surface cooling is sustained by sea ice/ocean changes in the Arctic showing an immediate sea ice area increase followed by a decrease of poleward ocean heat transport at 60° N lasting up to 20 years. In contrast, when simulating Los Chocoyos conventionally, including sulfur and neglecting halogens, we simulate larger sulfate burden and AOD, more pronounced surface climate changes and an increase of column ozone. Comparing our aerosol chemistry ESM results to other super-eruption simulations with aerosol climate models we find a higher surface climate impact per injected sulfur amount than previous studies for our different sets of model experiments, since CESM2(WACCM6) creates smaller aerosols with a longer lifetime partly due to the interactive aerosol chemistry. As the model uncertainties for the climate response to super eruptions are very large observational evidence from paleo archives and a coordinated model intercomparison would help to improve our understanding of the climate and environment response.