bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting The Level Of Occupational Stress Among First Line Healthcare Workers Saudi Arabia Hospitals During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ali Jaber Aqili ; Waheed kalaktawi
Published: April 2024

Background: the rapid increase in number of covid-19 patients has led to an elevated demand of nursing care services, which may cause physiological issues and concerns among the first line Healthcare Workers. While there are speculations of increased cases of occupational stress among the first line Healthcare Workers, little has been done to verify the rate among Healthcare Workers in Saudi Arabia Hospitals.

Purpose: this study was conducted to determine the factors affecting occupational stress among first line Healthcare Workers in Saudi Arabia Hospitals during covid-19 pandemic.

Methods: this study applied the cross-sectional correlational design of the quantitative methodology. Data was collected using the occupational stress scale from a randomly sampled 250 first line Healthcare Workers working in Saudi Arabia Hospitals. The collected data was analyzed using Chi-square and descriptive statistics of SPSS.

Results: 82.8% of the Healthcare Workers had high level of stress, 17.2% had moderate stress and none had low level of stress. The level of occupational stress is affected by four demographic characteristics, including Healthcare Workers’ age (p=.000; r=.713), level of education (p=.000; r=.655), whether the Healthcare Workers stayed alone or with others (p=.000; r=.507) and marital status (p=.014; r=.624). Six work-related factors were also noted to affect the level of occupational stress, including nature of working conditions (p=.000; r=.597), access to PPEs (p=.000; r=.594), nature of relationship with the other co-workers (p=.000; r=.594), hours of working (p=.000; r=.542), years of experience (p=.002; r=.734) and department of work (p=.040; r=.756).

Conclusion: there is a high level of occupational stress among the first line Healthcare Workers. Therefore, there is a need for the healthcare systems to devise measures to address the propagating factors around stress among these Healthcare Workers.
Human Papillomavirus In Pregnancy
Authors: Pardo Luis Marín Arias , Arreaga Gabriela Belén Espinosa , Cabrera Martha Beatriz Baquerizo , Peralta Sonia Kattya Robles , Navas Welky Giuseppe Colamarco , Calle Pamela Monserrath Quito
Published: April 2024

Infections by the human papillomavirus (HPV) have currently increased, becoming a common infection with a significant rise in the population, with pregnant women being the most affected group, posing risks to both the mother and the newborn. HPV during pregnancy can lead to a variety of complications, ranging from mild to severe, representing a risk for both the mother and the fetus. These complications in the mother are attributed to the numerous physiological changes experienced during pregnancy, which can favor the development of pathological alterations. The present research aimed to analyze and synthesize the available scientific evidence to understand how HPV infection can affect pregnancy. The methodology involved a systematic review, where scientific articles from reliable databases were selected. The results revealed that during pregnancy, especially in the first two trimesters, there is a decrease in immunity or immunosuppression, which can increase susceptibility to HPV infection or viral replication. There is a possibility of vertical transmission of HPV from mother to newborn during childbirth, resulting in the appearance of anogenital and laryngeal lesions in the newborn. In conclusion, the accurate diagnosis of HPV infection during pregnancy is essential to manage complications adequately and apply safe treatments, considering the limitation of certain therapeutic approaches during gestation.
Innovation In Service Sector: The Role Of Technology, Network Of Relations, And Knowledge
Authors: Anwer Muhammd Junaid , Iqbal Muhammad Azher , Khan Dr. Rao Arif Mahmood , Arshad Sumera , Sadiq Allah Nawaz , Alamgir Muhammad , Ahmad Zohaib
Published: April 2024

In the current era, the firms are not competing on the basis of products but today’s competition is on the basis of services. In today’s technological era, the increasing growth of service sector posed a global challenge and at the same time an opportunity for the organizations. This paper gives a clear understanding about the constituents of “resource” for service firms, because with the technological revolution the conceptual definition of a nation’s or firm’s resource has dramatically changed. For this purpose, the knowledge, networks and technology are scrutinized as interdependent elements. The maintenance of network with outside and inside partners and customers of the organization is facilitated only by technology. Technology cuts cost and specifically its radical impact is on the way of thinking about “resources” of a country or firm. This study contends that in service firms, technology, network of relations, and knowledge is the ultimate “resource” that provide potential for innovation. Operationally, novelty can be understanding as an organization’s anticipation to “feel for the consumer” by providing superior value to the customers. Furthermore, it is also arguing in this study that, when a company is capable enough to focus its all energies to think on customer’s behalf, innovation in service then starts.
Penfhigus Vulgaris: Report Of A Clinical Case
Authors: Inga Tatiana Alexandra Siguenza , Figueroa Diana Ruby Dávila , Briseño Ana Montserrat Toca , Villar Jorge Ignacio Salas , Ocampo Tania Marianela Soto , López Víctor Guillermo Murillo
Published: April 2024

The current article analyzes the topic of pemphigus vulgaris, which is described as an autoimmune disease affecting the skin and mucous membranes, characterized mainly by the formation of superficial blisters on the skin and oral mucosa. The objective was to present a case study of a patient with pemphigus vulgaris. A qualitative and descriptive investigation was carried out in this study. The 40-year-old male patient with pemphigus vulgaris had a complex but satisfactory evolution. Following an exacerbation in July 2023 and complications such as oral ulcers and ocular issues, he was hospitalized again. Aggressive treatment was initiated with medication adjustments, resulting in significa[1]nt improvement with remission of skin lesions, pain control, and no signs of infection. After multidisciplinary follow-up and treatment, he was discharged on November 8, 2023, showing a positive response and improved quality of life. This case highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach in pemphigus vulgaris treatment and the need for ongoing monitoring to prevent relapses and future complications.
Akulturasi Kebudayaan Hindu-Islam Pada Makam Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah Di Kelurahan Pemecutan, Kecamatan Denpasar Barat, Kota Denpasar
Authors: Faizaldy Fiqri  , Ni Luh Putu Tejawati  , I Nyoman Bayu Pramartha
Published: April 2024

Makam keramat Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah atau biasa disebut makam keramat Pemecutan merupakan salah satu makam yang memiliki keunikan dalam hal arsitektur ataupun dalam penggunaan ornamen. Makam ini tidak mengikuti aturan baku dalam pembangunannya yang tentu menyebabkan memiliki bentuk yang berbeda dengan pemakaman muslim Bali lainnya. Arsitektur pada makam keramat ini dipengaruhi oleh dua unsur kebudayaan, yakni kebudayaan Hindu dan Islam yang memiliki ciri khas masing-masing. Unsur budaya dalam arsitektur makam keramat Pemecutan tercermin dalam rancangan ornamen dan bentuk arsitektur bangunannya yang menggabungkan karakteristik kebudayaan Hindu dengan elemen-elemen dari kebudayaan Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui

(1) Bentuk Akulturasi Kebudayaan Hindu-Islam Pada Makam Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah Di Kelurahan Pemecutan, Kecamatan Denpasar Barat, Kota Denpasar (2) Nilai-nilai akulturasi kebudayaan Hindu- Islam pada makam Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah Di Kelurahan Pemecutan, Kecamatan Denpasar Barat, Kota Denpasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Denpasar Barat tepatnya di Kelurahan Pemecutan. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain teori akulturasi, teori ini digunakan untuk menganalisis dan menginterprestasikan mengenai hal-hal yang melatarbelakangi munculnya akulturasi budaya Hindu-Islam pada kompleks Makam Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah dan teori semiotika, teori ini digunakan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara konsep lambang atau tanda dalam penggunaan ornamen- ornamen kebudayaan Hindu dalam sebuah makam Islam. Penelitian ini menerangkan mengenai (1) Bentuk Akulturasi Hindu-Islam pada Makam Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah yang membahas mengenai penggunaan arsitektur maupun ornamen-ornamen yang terdapat pada makam tersebut. (2) Nilai-nilai akulturasi kebudayaan pada makam keramat Raden Ayu Siti Khotijah Di Kelurahan Pemecutan, Kecamatan Denpasar Barat. Dalam kompleks Makam Keramat Pemecutan terlihat adanya perpaduan dalam berbagai aspek, seperti penggunaan arsitektur, ornamen, dan benda-benda yang dipilih dengan cermat. Setiap elemen tersebut memiliki tujuan tersendiri yang dipilih berdasarkan pengaruh dari kedua kebudayaan tersebut. Nilai-nilai tersebut memiliki peran penting dalam membentuk pedoman bagi masyarakat Kota Denpasar, terutama masyarakat Kelurahan Pemecutan, baik secara individu maupun kelompok.
Citizenship for Sale (Commission v Malta)
Authors: Weiler Joseph H.H.
Published: April 2024

The Maltese “passports for sale” (Golden Passports) was big news a year or two ago but has now disappeared below the radar of public attention. Yet, the mills of justice might grind slowly, but grind they do. The case brought by the Commission against Malta is scheduled to be heard by the CJEU sometime later this year.
So, Malta offers passports for sale. Quelle Horreur! I hear you sniffing with disgust and indignation. They sell their citizenship, and hoopla – automatically these new citizens, ipso facto and ipso jure are European Citizens enjoying all the rights and duties which attach to such.
Impacto del crimen y la delincuencia en la economía ecuatoriana.
Authors: Salgado Monar Jorge Honorio
Published: April 2024

El trabajo de investigación busca determinar cuáles son las consecuencias económicas generadas por las actividades delictivas en el Ecuador, las mismas que muchas veces son enunciadas de forma general, provocando una visión poco clara de los efectos del delito en el Estado, las familias y la sociedad en su conjunto. Para lograr la realización del presente artículo se acudió a fuentes primarias donde se ubicó información y datos importantes para definir el efecto económico de las actividades ilícitas. Entre las fuentes bibliográficas consultadas están artículos científicos de revistas indexadas, artículos periodísticos de diarios digitales del país, información escrita de importantes organismos nacionales e internacionales, así como páginas web y revistas. El autor mediante la información obtenida presenta la situación del crimen a nivel mundial, latinoamericano y local, exponiendo las causas sustanciales que promueven las actividades delictivas y sus consecuencias desde el punto de vista socioeconómico. Posteriormente expone, las modalidades del delito que se muestran en el Ecuador, sus características, precisando sus causas y consecuencias, además establece, cómo operan las bandas criminales y las cifras que corresponden a la afectación producida al país en materia económica. Busca también establecer puntos comunes en los actos criminales, ya que a pesar de que estos sean cometidos por una sola persona o por grupos delictivos, pueden poseer elementos compartidos.
Atención de enfermería basada en los principios básicos de los cuidados paliativos integrales para pacientes oncológicos.
Authors: Hurtado Hurtado Herminia Piedad
Published: April 2024

Durante las últimas décadas, los cuidados paliativos han evolucionado como una especialidad interprofesional, centrándose en mejorar la calidad de vida de pacientes con enfermedades terminales, especialmente en el contexto del cáncer, donde el tratamiento puede ser largo y problemático. Los cuidados paliativos son cruciales para abordar los síntomas físicos y psicológicos que afectan a los pacientes en esta etapa. Las enfermeras desempeñan un papel fundamental en esta área, brindando cuidados individualizados y coordinando la atención para mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Esta revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo sintetizar estrategias innovadoras en la atención de enfermería para pacientes oncológicos bajo cuidados paliativos. Se llevó a cabo una exhaustiva búsqueda de artículos relevantes publicados entre 2017 y 2023 en bases de datos reconocidas, utilizando criterios rigurosos de selección. La literatura respalda la importancia de la participación de equipos de cuidados paliativos en la mejora de la atención a pacientes con cáncer, lo que se refleja en la creciente demanda de enfermeras especializadas en este campo a nivel mundial. Se destaca la necesidad de una atención integral que aborde no solo los aspectos físicos, sino también los emocionales, sociales y espirituales del paciente. En conclusión, el personal de enfermería desempeña un papel importante en la atención integral, proporcionando apoyo emocional y espiritual que contribuye significativamente al bienestar de los pacientes y sus familias durante esta etapa difícil.
Cuidados de Enfermería en Paciente Urostomizado.
Authors: Salinas González Gabriela Maritza
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo se basa en explicar acerca de los cuidados de enfermería en un paciente con urostomía. Se define como urostomía la desviación hacia el exterior de la orina a través de un orificio o un estoma creado artificialmente, por medio de una cirugía, en la pared abdominal; la orina pasará a través del estoma hasta una bolsa de urostomía. Los cuidados de enfermería son esenciales para el correcto mantenimiento del estoma y evitar posibles complicaciones como: edema, hemorragia, dehiscencia, necrosis, estenosis, granulomas, retracción, dermatitis, hernia, fístulas y abscesos; por lo que enfermería tiene un papel clave en la educación sanitaria requerida por el paciente para mejorar la calidad de vida y la adaptación a la sociedad con su nueva condición. El objetivo del presente artículo es brindar pautas sobre los cuidados de enfermería en este tipo de pacientes. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica recabada de artículos científicos de los últimos cinco años, los mismos que se analizaron y sintetizaron de manera cualitativa para de esta forma conocer sobre las intervenciones de enfermería en un paciente urostomizado. Se pudo concluir que los cuidados dados por el personal de enfermería cumplen con una importante función en la recuperación del paciente.
Cuidados de la Vía Aérea del Paciente Adulto con Intubación Orotraqueal en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva.
Authors: Uchuari Maza Mariuxi Mireya
Published: April 2024

La intubación orotraqueal es un procedimiento que consiste en la colocación de un tubo a través de la boca hasta llegar a la tráquea, con el propósito de mantener despejada la vía respiratoria y facilitar la ventilación asistida. Los cuidados de enfermería en la unidad de terapia intensiva pueden ser independientes, dependientes e interdependientes y están orientados al cumplimiento de los objetivos planteados, satisfacción de las necesidades, disminución de la mortalidad, reducción de los días de hospitalización, prevención de la discapacidad y evitar eventos adversos que puedan tener un impacto negativo en la salud. El objetivo de este trabajo investigativo es determinar las intervenciones y actividades que debe realizar el personal de enfermería para el cuidado de la vía aérea del paciente crítico con intubación orotraqueal. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa-descriptiva en la cual se realizó revisiones bibliográficas de informes, revistas científicas, publicaciones, artículos y guías, que fueron encontrados en las siguientes bases de datos; Google Académico, Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet plus y Lilacs. Se logró identificar que dentro de los cuidados más importantes de la vía aérea están; aplicar estrictamente normas de bioseguridad universales, asistencia durante la intubación endotraqueal, colocación del humidificador HME y/o filtro HMEF, conexión de filtros antiviral-antibacteriano HEPA en el ventilador, aspiración de secreciones con sistema cerrado y abierto de acuerdo a la necesidad, posicionar al paciente en semi-fowler, higiene de la cavidad oral, cambios de posición del tubo endotraqueal en la comisura de los labios y correcto insuflado del neumotaponamiento.
Evolución del salario básico unificado en Ecuador: Análisis de la última década.
Authors: Delgado Guerrero María del Rocío
Published: April 2024

El salario mínimo ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios y debates. Investigaciones indican que los incrementos en el salario mínimo frecuentemente no alcanzan los objetivos políticos deseados y pueden tener efectos adversos en el empleo, especialmente entre trabajadores con baja cualificación. Este artículo revisa la trayectoria del Salario Básico Unificado (SBU) en Ecuador de 2014 a 2023, analizando su crecimiento anual frente a la inflación, su influencia en el mercado laboral y la producción. La metodología empleada incluye la revisión de literatura y datos abiertos, considerando opiniones de expertos como Card, Neumark, Wascher y Sowell, así como legislación local e investigaciones nacionales. A nivel global, las políticas de salario mínimo se han ejecutado con variados niveles de éxito y la evidencia sugiere que no son una herramienta efectiva para disminuir la pobreza, beneficiando en ocasiones a trabajadores que no pertenecen a hogares pobres. En conclusión, la eficacia y consecuencias de las políticas de salario mínimo continúan siendo un área activa de investigación y discusión política.
Impacto de la morosidad del microcrédito en las cooperativas del segmento uno.
Authors: Vallejo Ramírez Jorge Baltazar
Published: April 2024

El presente proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo identificar y analizar el impacto que genera la morosidad de los microcréditos en la rentabilidad de las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito del segmento 1 en el Ecuador, partiendo por identificar el volumen de cartera vencida y el porcentaje que le corresponde al microcrédito, así como también las utilidades obtenidas en el periodo 2017-2021. La metodología tiene un enfoque cualitativo ya que para efectos del presente estudio se caracterizó un sector en particular y cuantitativo para obtener los resultados requeridos  se realizó cálculos matemáticos, para obtener información necesaria se utilizó los balances de la Superintendencia de Economía Popular y Solidaria  pertenecientes al segmento, se analizó el comportamiento de la morosidad que en la mayor parte de los años se encuentra sobre el 5% a excepción del 2020 en donde llegó al 3.09%, por su parte tanto la rentabilidad sobre activos como sobre el patrimonio fue baja , además, se realizó un modelo de correlación relacionando la morosidad con indicadores de rentabilidad ROA   y ROE obteniendo como resultado una correlación negativa e inversa en ambos casos, es decir cuando la morosidad incrementa la rentabilidad baja, sin embargo, el coeficiente de correlación fue muy pequeño esto se debe a que las cooperativas tienen provisiones muy altas para cubrir los microcréditos morosos, lo cual se pudo comprobar al aplicar indicadores de protección del sistema de monitoreo PERLAS en donde estos créditos cuentan con un porcentaje de provisiones mayores al 100% en todos los años.
La miel de abeja como alternativa natural de cicatrización en el pie diabético.
Authors: Alarcón Burneo Franco Ramiro
Published: April 2024

La investigación examina el uso de miel de abeja como tratamiento para regenerar tejido en pacientes con pie diabético, sin afectar los niveles de glucosa en sangre. Se realizó un estudio experimental con 20 pacientes, demostrando una tasa de curación del 80% en las úlceras tratadas con miel. La misma contiene componentes bioactivos que favorecen la cicatrización, como enzimas y antioxidantes. Su aplicación tópica crea un entorno propicio para la regeneración celular y la síntesis de colágeno. Este tratamiento podría reducir la necesidad de amputaciones y mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes diabéticos. Aunque prometedor, se requieren más investigaciones para comprender completamente su mecanismo de acción y validar estos resultados en estudios más amplios y controlados. Además, se deben considerar posibles efectos adversos y la viabilidad económica antes de su implementación generalizada en la práctica clínica.
Eficacia de la enseñanza universitaria: Una revisión del alcance del modelo pedagógico de la UNAE.
Authors: García Cárdenas María del Carmen , Crespo Urgiles Juan Sebastián , García Cárdenas Nancy Paola , Cárdenas Cordero Nancy Marcela
Published: April 2024

El modelo pedagógico determina las perspectivas de creación de una u otra herramienta de enseñanza que brinde una solución a uno o más problemas que se suscitan en la educación universitaria contemporánea. El objetivo fue determinar la eficacia de la enseñanza universitaria a través de la revisión del modelo pedagógico de la UNAE y el análisis de las experiencias de aprendizaje de los estudiantes que se forman en esta institución. La población inicial de este estudio fueron 4440 alumnos de las carreras de la UNAE de los últimos ciclos de su carrera, y que al aplicar la respectiva fórmula de la muestra reflejó un total de 354 participantes; entre los resultados más representativos que se obtuvieron destacan que dentro de la variable enseñanza universitaria el ítem método/didáctica fue la de mayor valoración, dado a que es fundamental para estos futuros docentes aprender de manera innovadora, indagando a profundidad sobre las diversas formas en las que es posible impartir los conocimientos ante estudiantes diversos y con cualidades diferenciadas. Los resultados más representativos reflejaron que la promoción entre la formación teórica con la práctica es significativa, ya que les permite saber efectuar analogías sobre las estrategias, procesos o métodos necesarios frente a escenarios específicos. Se concluye que los alumnos valoran mucho más al tener ejemplificaciones desde escenarios realistas, donde exista la flexibilidad y creatividad al momento de establecer sus propias estrategias, así como están conscientes de las nuevas tecnologías y de aprender con ejemplo ya que toman estas características como modelos.
Manejo clínico de sarcoma pleomórfico indiferenciado de miembro superior en gestante de 24 semanas de embarazo: reporte de caso.
Authors: Cruz Zambrano Amada Carolina , Domínguez Villizhañay Juan Diego
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo busca detallar el manejo clínico del sarcoma pleomórfico indiferenciado de miembro superior en una gestante de 24 semanas, con antecedentes de preeclampsia en un embarazo previo, la paciente experimenta una masa tumoral diagnosticada mediante ecografía y tomografía axial computarizada. El sarcoma forma parte de las patologías incidentales en adultos menos común afectando alrededor del 1% de la población en general; el mismo que afecta al tejido conectivo incluyendo estructuras como nervios, músculo, cartílago, articulaciones, huesos y vasos sanguíneos; siendo esta la razón principal de su vascularización. La zona de aparición es variable y poco especifica; sin embargo, aparece principalmente en las extremidades.  El sarcoma, de alto grado según la histopatología, plantea complejidades únicas dada la gestación. Los estudios de imágenes y la evaluación multidisciplinaria respaldan la propuesta de tratamiento: resección con márgenes amplios y cirugía radical, seguida de radioterapia según las pautas de NCCN. Este caso destaca la necesidad de abordajes personalizados y colaborativos en situaciones clínicas raras, contribuyendo a la comprensión de la interacción entre sarcomas y embarazo.
MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊCH TỄ HỌC NHIỄM KHUẨN SƠ SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG
Authors: Ngô Thị Hiếu Minh , Đặng Văn Xuyên , Trần Minh Điển
Published: April 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả một số đặc điểm dịch tễ học nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh tại bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương năm 2019.Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu 306 ca nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh từ tháng 1 đến tháng 6 năm 2019.Kết quả: 62,8% trẻ sơ sinh có tuổi thai dưới 37 tuần; 20,9% có cân nặng < 2500g; 30,4% nhiễm khuẩn sớm; và 79,1% viêm phổi. Có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa nhiễm khuẩn huyết và nhiễm độc thai nghén; nhiễm nhiễm khuẩn với thời điểm vỡ ối (p < 0,05).Kết luận: Phần lớn các ca nhiễm khuẩn sơ sinh có tuổi thai dưới 37 tuần tuổi và có biểu hiện viêm phổi, có mối liên quan nhiễm khuẩn huyết với nhiễm độc thai nghén và thời điểm vỡ ối.
Budget Allocation and Management of Hospitals in Qingdao: Basis for Strategic Plan
Authors: Yongzhao Wang , Fronda Jennifer
Published: April 2024

The level of hospital budget management in China is uneven, and there are many problems in the process of budget management, such as unscientific budget preparation, uncontrolled budget implementation, and no performance evaluation of budget completion. This study examined the current state of hospital budget management in China, which highlights significant challenges such as unscientific budget preparation, inadequate control during implementation, and the absence of performance evaluation. These issues are compounded by communication gaps between departments, unclear responsibilities, and overall inefficiency in information integration, resulting in suboptimal budget management outcomes across the board. To shed light on this situation, the researcher conducted a qualitative study focusing on five public hospitals in Qingdao province, China, using in-depth interviews with financial directors to gather data. The findings revealed a mixed landscape where hospitals were aware of budget allocation and management practices but faced common challenges. Consequently, the study proposes a strategic action plan aimed at improving budget allocation and management practices in these hospitals. This plan emphasizes the need for streamlined processes, improved communication and coordination, clearer responsibilities, enhanced information integration, and performance evaluation mechanisms to optimize budget management outcomes and ensure efficient resource allocation to meet hospitals' growth and development objectives.
Cyber security Vulnerabilities and Remediation Through Cloud Security Tools
Authors: Jimmy Fnu
Published: April 2024

The proliferation of internet usage has surged dramatically, prompting individuals and businesses to conduct myriad transactions online rather than in physical spaces. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has further propelled this trend. Consequently, traditional forms of crime have migrated to the digital realm alongside the widespread adoption of digital technologies such as cloud computing, the Internet of Things (IoT), social media, wireless communication, and crypto currencies, amplifying security concerns in cyberspace. Notably, cybercriminals have begun offering cyber attacks as a service, automating attacks to magnify their impact. These attackers exploit vulnerabilities across hardware, software, and communication layers, perpetrating various forms of cyber attacks including distributed denial of service (DDoS), phishing, man-in-the-middle, password, remote, privilege escalation, and malware attacks. The sophistication of these attacks renders conventional protection systems, such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, antivirus software, and access control lists, ineffective in detection. Consequently, there is an urgent imperative to devise innovative and pragmatic solutions to thwart cyber attacks. This paper elucidates the primary drivers behind cyber attacks, surveys recent attack instances, patterns, and detection methodologies, and explores contemporary technical and non-technical strategies for preemptively identifying and mitigating attacks. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies like machine learning, deep learning, cloud platforms, big data analytics, and blockchain holds promise in combating present and future cyber threats. These technological interventions can aid in malware detection, intrusion detection, spam filtering, DNS attack classification, fraud detection, identification of covert channels, and discernment of advanced persistent threats. Nonetheless, it's crucial to acknowledge that some promising solutions, notably machine learning and deep learning, are susceptible to evasion techniques, necessitating careful consideration when formulating defenses against sophisticated cyber attacks.
In My Experience…Anterior Approach in to the Hip in Total Hip Replacements
Authors: Kreuzer, MD Stefan
Published: April 2024

I review here my experiences with the anterior approach to the hip in total hip arthroplasty.
Ecofriendly Utilization of Distillery Spentwash for Enhancing Growth and Yield of Pearl Millet
Authors: Jayashree R.
Published: April 2024

The Post Biomethanated Distillery Spentwash (PBDSW) is effective organic liquid manure derived from sugar industry waste materials. Spentwash contain high amount of nutrients like Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium and Sulfur. In addition, it contains sufficient amount of micronutrients such as Iron, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Boron and Molybdenum. The spentwash application on land is beneficial to control the water pollution and agricultural production. The experiment was performed with different doses of Post Biomethanated Distillery Spentwash (PBDSW) as a source of nutrients in various proportions with inorganic fertilizer using pearl millet as the test crop. The results of the experiment showed that the application of PBDSW at the rate of 100 KL ha-1 in combination with NPK recorded higher ear head, grain and stover yield as compared to other substitution level, split application and control.
ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DENSITY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES IN EXPANDED PVC FILMS WITH THERMOPLASTIC MICROSPHERES
Authors: Macias Pelayo Daniel , MAYEN CHAIRES JAN , DEL ANGEL MONROY MAYRA , PEREYRA LAGUNA ISABEL
Published: April 2024

The production of artificial leather is critically important for the manufacture of various goods, such as vehicle interiors. This manufacturing process is typically carried out by "layer addition", and the final product is called "Supported Expanded Vinyl" or SEV. This process uses chemical foaming agents that degrade with heat to generate nitrogen and carbon gases.
Due to new environmental regulations, companies are opting for more sustainable measures such as thermoplastic microspheres that expand with heat. For foams expanded with this method, it is crucial to consider the viscoelastic properties at different expansion ratios as the product's performance in its application depends on these.
This paper describes the differences in the mechanical properties of the yield limit and rupture resistance of PVC foams expanded with a chemical agent and those expanded with a physical agent.
From the statistical analysis of the behavior of these properties at different densities, prediction models were obtained, and the statistical correlation between the factors and their responses was established.

Key words: thermoplastic microspheres, viscoelastic properties, mechanical properties.
Four Classes of Nonterminating 3 F 2 (1)-Series via Kummer and Thomae Transformations
Authors:   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou (Henan), China, Chen Marta Na , Chu Wenchang ,   Via Dalmazio Birago 9E, Lecce 73100, Italy
Published: April 2024

By employing Kummer and Thomae transformations, we examine four classes of nonterminating 3 F 2 (1)-series with five integer parameters. Several new summation formulae are established in closed form.
\((d,1)\)-Total Labelling of Generalized Petersen Graphs \(P(n,k)\)
Authors:   College of Information Science and Electricity Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan 250357, China, Tong Chunling , Su Senyuan ,   College of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China, Yang Yuansheng ,   College of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we investigate the ( d , 1 ) -total labelling of generalized Petersen graphs P ( n , k ) for d ≥ 3 . We find that the ( d , 1 ) -total number of P ( n , k ) with d ≥ 3 is d + 3 for even n and odd k or even n and k = n 2 , and d + 4 for all other cases.
Algorithmic Aspects of Vertex-edge Domination in Some Graphs
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, School of Arts, Science, Humanities and Education, SASTRA Deemed University, Tanjore, India, Kumar H Naresh , Venkatakrishnan Y B ,   Department of Mathematics, School of Arts, Science, Humanities and Education, SASTRA Deemed University, Tanjore, India
Published: April 2024

Let \(G=(V,E)\) be a simple graph. A vertex \(v\in V(G)\) ve-dominates every edge \(uv\) incident to \(v\), as well as every edge adjacent to these incident edges. A set \(D\subseteq V(G)\) is a vertex-edge dominating set if every edge of \(E(G)\) is ve-dominated by a vertex of \(D.\) The MINIMUM VERTEX-EDGE DOMINATION problem is to find a vertex-edge dominating set of minimum cardinality. A linear time algorithm to find the minimum vertex-edge dominating set for proper interval graphs is proposed. The vertex-edge domination problem is proved to be APX-complete for bounded-free graphs and NP-Complete for Chordal bipartite and Undirected Path graphs.
On Domination and 2-packing Numbers in Intersecting Linear Systems
Authors:   Subdirección de Ingeniería y Posgrado Universidad Aeronáutica en Querétaro Parque Aeroespacial de Querétaro 76278, Querétaro, México, Ávila Adrián Vázquez
Published: April 2024

A linear system is a pair \((P,\mathcal{L})\) where \(\mathcal{L}\) is a finite family of subsets on a finite ground set \(P\) such that any two subsets of \(\mathcal{L}\) share at most one element. Furthermore, if for every two subsets of \(\mathcal{L}\) share exactly one element, the linear system is called intersecting. A linear system \((P,\mathcal{L})\) has rank \(r\) if the maximum size of any element of \(\mathcal{L}\) is \(r\). By \(\gamma(P,\mathcal{L})\) and \(\nu_2(P,\mathcal{L})\) we denote the size of the minimum dominating set and the maximum 2-packing of a linear system \((P,\mathcal{L})\), respectively. It is known that any intersecting linear system \((P,\mathcal{L})\) of rank \(r\) is such that \(\gamma(P,\mathcal{L})\leq r-1\). Li et al. in [S. Li, L. Kang, E. Shan and Y. Dong, The finite projective plane and the 5-Uniform linear intersecting hypergraphs with domination number four, Graphs and 34 Combinatorics (2018) , no.~5, 931–945.] proved that every intersecting linear system of rank 5 satisfying \(\gamma(P,\mathcal{L})=4\) can be constructed from a 4-uniform intersecting linear subsystem \((P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)\) of the projective plane of order 3 satisfying \(\tau(P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)=\nu_2(P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)=4\), where \(\tau(P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)\) is the transversal number of \((P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)\). In this paper, we give an alternative proof of this result given by Li et al., giving a complete characterization of these 4-uniform intersecting linear subsystems. Moreover, we prove a general case, that is, we prove if $q$ is an odd prime power and \((P,\mathcal{L})\) is an intersecting linear system of rank \((q+2)\) satisfying \(\gamma(P,\mathcal{L})=q+1\), then this linear system can be constructed from a spanning \((q+1)\)-uniform intersecting linear subsystem \((P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)\) of the projective plane of order \(q\) satisfying \(\tau(P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)=\nu_2(P^\prime,\mathcal{L}^\prime)=q+1\).
Component Intersection Graph of Finite Dimensional Vector Spaces
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India, Kumar Mohit
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we introduce a graph structure, called component intersection graph, on a finite dimensional vector space V. The connectivity, diameter, maximal independent sets, clique number, chromatic number of component intersection graph have been studied.
Description of the \((\leq 3)\)-hypomorphic Posets and Bichains. Application to the \((\leq 3)\)-reconstruction
Authors:   Faculty of Science of Sfax, Department of Mathematics Soukra Road km 4, PO Box 802, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia, Brahim Hamza Ben , Sayar Mohamed Y. ,   Faculty of Science of Sfax, Department of Mathematics Soukra Road km 4, PO Box 802, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
Published: April 2024

Two binary structures \(\mathfrak{R}\) and \(\mathfrak{R’}\) on the same vertex set \(V\) are \((\leq k)\)-hypomorphic for a positive integer \(k\) if, for every set \(K\) of at most \(k\) vertices, the two binary structures induced by \(\mathfrak{R}\) and \(\mathfrak{R’}\) on \(K\) are isomorphic. A binary structure \(\mathfrak{R}\) is \((\leq k)\)-reconstructible if every binary structure \(\mathfrak{R’}\) that is \((\leq k)\)-hypomorphic to \(\mathfrak{R}\) is isomorphic to \(\mathfrak{R}\). In this paper, we describe the pairs of \((\leq 3)\)-hypomorphic posets and the pairs of \((\leq 3)\)-hypomorphic bichains. As a consequence, we characterize the \((\leq 3)\)-reconstructible posets and the \((\leq 3)\)-reconstructible bichains. This answers a question suggested by Y. Boudabbous and C. Delhommé during a personal communication.
A Variant of the Round-Robin Scheduling Problem
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, ETH Zentrum, Rämistrasse, Busenhart Chris ,   101, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Hungerb Norbert ,   Department of Mathematics, ETH Zentrum, Rämistrasse;101, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland, Xu William ,   Department of Mathematics, ETH Zentrum, Rämistrasse;101, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
Published: April 2024

We consider the following variant of the round-robin scheduling problem: 2 n people play a number of rounds in which two opposing teams of n players are reassembled in each round. Each two players should play at least once in the same team, and each two players should play at least once in opposing teams. We provide an explicit formula for calculating the minimal numbers of rounds needed to satisfy both conditions. Moreover, we also show how one can construct the corresponding playing schedules.
Counting Distinct Adjacent r-tuples in Words
Authors:   The John Knopfmacher Centre for Applicable Analysis and Number Theory, School of Mathematics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa, Blecher Aubrey , Knopfmacher Arnold ,   The John Knopfmacher Centre for Applicable Analysis and Number Theory, School of Mathematics, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, South Africa
Published: April 2024

For \(r=1,2,…, 6\), we obtain generating functions \(F^{(r)}_{k}(y)\) for words over the alphabet \([k]\), where \(y\) tracks the number of parts and \([y^n]\) is the total number of distinct adjacent \(r\)-tuples in words with \(n\) parts. In order to develop these generating functions for \(1\le r\le 3\), we make use of intuitive decompositions but for larger values of \(r\), we switch to the cluster analysis method for decorated texts that was introduced by Bassino et al. Finally, we account for the coefficients of these generating functions in terms of Stirling set numbers. This is done by putting forward the full triangle of coefficients for all the sub-cases where \(r=5\) and 6. This latter is shown to depend on both periodicity and number of letters used in the \(r\)-tuples.
Prefixes of Stanley’s Catalan Paths with Odd Returns to the \(x\)-axis–Standard Version and Skew Catalan-Stanley Paths
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Stellenbosch 7602, Stellenbosch, South Africa, Prodinger Helmut
Published: April 2024

For \(r=1,2,…, 6\), we obtain generating functions \(F^{(r)}_{k}(y)\) for words over the alphabet \([k]\), where \(y\) tracks the number of parts and \([y^n]\) is the total number of distinct adjacent \(r\)-tuples in words with \(n\) parts. In order to develop these generating functions for \(1\le r\le 3\), we make use of intuitive decompositions but for larger values of \(r\), we switch to the cluster analysis method for decorated texts that was introduced by Bassino et al. Finally, we account for the coefficients of these generating functions in terms of Stirling set numbers. This is done by putting forward the full triangle of coefficients for all the sub-cases where \(r=5\) and 6. This latter is shown to depend on both periodicity and number of letters used in the \(r\)-tuples.
\(q\)-Analogue of the Generalized Fibonacci and Lucas Polynomials
Authors:   Faculty of Education, Tokat Gaziosmanpa\c{s}a University, 60250 Tokat, Turkey, ŞAHIN Adem
Published: April 2024

In this article, we define \(q\)-generalized Fibonacci polynomials and \(q\)-generalized Lucas polynomials using \(q\)-binomial coefficient and obtain their recursive properties. In addition, we introduce generalized \(q\)-Fibonacci matrix and generalized \(q\)-Lucas matrix, then we derive their basic identities. We define \((k,q,t)\)-symmetric generalized Fibonacci matrix and \((k,q,t)\)-symmetric generalized Lucas matrix, then we give the Cholesky factorization of these matrices. Finally, we give determinantal and permanental representations of these new polynomial sequences.
Generalized 3-Rainbow Domination in Graphs and Honeycomb System (HC(n))
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran, Shirdel G. H. , Ghanbari M. ,   Department of Mathematics, Farahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Farahan, Iran, Ramezani M. ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the generalized 3 -rainbow dominating function of a graph G . This function assigns an arbitrary subset of three colors to each vertex of the graph with the condition that every vertex (including its neighbors) must have access to all three colors within its closed neighborhood. The minimum sum of assigned colors over all vertices of G is defined as the g 3 -rainbow domination number, denoted by γ g 3 r . We present a linear-time algorithm to determine a minimum generalized 3-rainbow dominating set for several graph classes: trees, paths ( P n ) , cycles ( C n ) , stars ( K 1 , n ) , generalized Petersen graphs ( G P ( n , 2 ) , GP ( n , 3 ) ) , and honeycomb networks ( H C ( n ) ) .
On the Laplacian Energy of an Orbit Graph of Finite Groups
Authors:   School of Mathematics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra-182320, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Bhat Vijay Kumar , Singh Malkesh ,   School of Mathematics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra-182320, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Sharma Karnika ,   School of Mathematics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra-182320, Jammu and Kashmir, India, Alkandari Maryam ,   Department of Mathematics, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Hanna Latif ,   Department of Mathematics, Kuwait University, Kuwait
Published: April 2024

Let β H denote the orbit graph of a finite group H . Let ζ be the set of commuting elements in H with order two. An orbit graph is a simple undirected graph where non-central orbits are represented as vertices in ζ , and two vertices in ζ are connected by an edge if they are conjugate. In this article, we explore the Laplacian energy and signless Laplacian energy of orbit graphs associated with dihedral groups of order $2w$ and quaternion groups of order 2 w .
On Exploring the Topological Aspects of the Chemical Structure of the Nanotube \(HAC_{5}C_{7}[w,t]\)
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, Sahiwal, 57000, Pakistan, Zakir Muhammad Saqlain , Naseer Muhammad Kamran ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan, Farahani Muhammad Reza ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, In University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16844, Iran, Ahmad Irfan ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan, Kanwal Zarqa ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan, Alaeiyan Mehdi ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, In University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, 16844, Iran, Cancan Murat ,   Faculty of Education, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Zeve Campus, Tuşba, 65080, Van, Turkey
Published: April 2024

Graph theory has experienced notable growth due to its foundational role in applied mathematics and computer science, influencing fields like combinatorial optimization, biochemistry, physics, electrical engineering (particularly in communication networks and coding theory), and operational research (with scheduling applications). This paper focuses on computing topological properties, especially in molecular structures, with a specific emphasis on the nanotube \(HAC_{5}C_{7}[w,t]\)
On Constructions of GMGDs
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC USA, Sarvate Dinesh G , Worawiset Somnuek ,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand, Zhang Li ,   Department of Mathematical Sciences, The Citadel Charleston, SC USA
Published: April 2024

Modified group divisible designs MGD ( k , λ , m , n ) are extensively studied because of an intriguing combinatorial structure that they possess and their applications. In this paper, we present a generalization of MGDs called GMGD ( k , λ 1 , λ 2 , m , n ) , and we provide some elementary results and constructions of some special cases of GMGDs. In addition, we show that the necessary conditions are sufficient for the existence of a GMGD ( 3 , λ , 2 λ , m , n ) for any positive integer λ , and a GMGD ( 3 , 2 , 3 , m , n ) . Though not a general result, the construction of a GMGD ( 3 , 3 , 2 , 2 , 6 ) given in the paper is worth mentioning in the abstract. Along with another example of a GMGD ( 3 , 3 , 2 , 2 , 4 ) , and n to t n construction, we have families of GMGD ( 3 , 3 λ , 2 λ , 2 , n ) s for n = 4 t or 6 t when t ≡ 0 , 1 ( mod 3 ) , for any positive integer λ .
On Maximum Degree and Maximum Reverse Degree Energies of Splitting and Shadow graph of Complete graph
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore-Pakistan, Ibrahim Arooj , Nazeer Saima ,   Department of Mathematics, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore-Pakistan
Published: April 2024

In this paper, the relations of maximum degree energy and maximum reserve degree energy of a complete graph after removing a vertex have been shown to be proportional to the energy of the complete graph. The results of splitting the graph and shadow graphs are also presented for the complete graph after removing a vertex.
Decoding Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs with Sombor Invariants: A Quantum Leap in QSPR Modeling
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan, Virk Abaid ur Rehman , Usman Muhammad ,   Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
Published: April 2024

We investigate the Sombor indices for a diverse group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to understand their molecular architecture and physicochemical properties. By utilizing quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) modeling, we establish mathematical models linking Sombor indices to key pharmacodynamic and toxicological parameters. Our study sheds light on how the molecular composition of NSAIDs influences their drug profiles and biological behavior, offering valuable insights for drug development and safety assessment.