bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maximum Wind Power Tracking Control Based on PID and Feedback Linearization
Authors: Cheng Ruo Fa , Chen Li Hu
Published: November 2014

Based on the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous generator, the paper discussed the effect of the simplifying torque coefficient equation on direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind power generator. On the basis of feedback linearization principle, designed a PID and feedback linearization compound controller in this paper, and validated under varying wind speed, power coefficient remains at a constant value, which reached the maximum wind power capture purposes. Using MATLAB/simulink tool to build direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind power system simulation model, the paper verify the stability of the system when the external applied load mutate. The result shows that the control strategy of the composite is effective and timely when tacking the maximum power.
Colour Stability of Self-Adhesive Flowable Composites before and after Storage in Water
Authors: Arregui María , Giner Luís , Ferrari Marco , Mercadé Montserrat
Published: November 2014

Objectives:The aim of this study was to compare colour stability of two self-adhesive flowable composites with four methacrylate-based composites (three flowable composites and one universal resin-based composite) after immersion in water at 60°C for 30 days.Methods:The study was conducted using the following five shade A2 flowable composites (n=30): one microhybrid (G-aenial Universal Flo), one universal (X-Flow), one nanohybrid (Premise flowable) and two self-adhesive (Vertise Flow and experimental GF-10) and one microhybrid universal resin-based composite (G-aenial Posterior). A spectrophotometer (CIEL*a*b* system) was used to measure colour stability before and after immersion. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA and Fisher test.Results:Samples immersed in water at 60°C for one month showed a significant colour change in all groups (p<.001) that was visually perceptible (∆E>3.3). Experimental self-adhesive flowable (12.25±0.84) and X-Flow (11.56±3.26) composites showed higher levels of ∆E, while Premise flowable showed a lower level of colour change (3.47±1.26). These results approximated clinically acceptable colour change values (∆E≤3.3). Water ageing at 60°C produced a significant change in colour in all the composites. The high temperature may explain the degradation of the resin matrix.
Multiparametric In Vitro Evaluation of Cytocompatibility of 1% Strontium-Containing Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Reis Daiana , Silva Daniela , Côrtes Juliana , Hummel Letícia , Mavropoulos Elena , Linhares Adriana , Alves Gutemberg
Published: November 2014

Hydroxiapatite (HA), one of the most widely employed bioceramic bone substitutes, when applied on its nanostructured form (nHA) may contribute to achieve a crystalline structure which is closer to the size and morphology of biological apatite. Furthermore, HA might also be doped with several different cations with biological effects including Sr2+. Therefore, a biomaterial based on nanostructured HA containing 1% Strontium (nSrHA) could present interesting biological properties, as strontium is described as a modulator of both osteoblast and osteoclast activities, presenting an important regulatory role on bone resorption. However, such modifications may also affect the biocompatibility of this material, which should be accessed initially by in vitro methods. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of 1% nSrHA discs with human primary osteoblasts through a multiparametric assay which assesses simultaneously metabolic activity (XTT assay), membrane integrity (NR test) and cell density (CVDE). Extracts of nSrHA, latex fragments (positive control), polystyrene beads (negative control) and nHA (for comparison) were prepared and exposed to 104 cells for 24h at 37°C/5% CO2on test plates, according to ISO 10993-5:2009, on quintuplicates. Cells exposed to unconditioned media were used as experimental control. After exposure, cells were tested for viability with a commercial multiparametric kit (In Cytotox, Xenometrix, Germany). The positive and negative controls presented the expected results, validating the assay. Both nHA and SrnHA were considered biocompatible, since the presented a cell viability after exposure statistically similar to the experimental control. In conclusion, the synthesized nSrHA discs are cytocompatible and, consequently, adequate for further in vitro tests on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation.
Improving the Flexural Strength Test of Brushite Cement
Authors: Altundal Sahin , Gross Kārlis Agris , Ohman Caroline , Engqvist Hakan
Published: November 2014

In the investigation of mechanical properties, calcium phosphate cements exhibit large sample-to-sample deviation due to its porous nature, possibility of unhomogenous distribution and small specimen size. This situation generates difficulties for obtaining accurate results and creates an obstacle for testing different composition where only a small batch size is available. In this respect, specimen shape, whether being injected, porosity ratio, surface quality, bearing support design have significant matter on variability in terms of three-and four-point bending test. Therefore, different methods have been studied to reduce variability with a simpler material preparation than common methods on injected and moulded cement. The entire comparison is made with the consideration of three-and four-point bending testing, the eccentric loading error calculation with engineering calculation software “Mathcad 15”, porosity measurement with Archimedes method, microstructure investigation on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), macro-porosity distribution measurement by Micro CT Scanner.
Fabrication of α-Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics through Two-Step Sintering
Authors: Kim Ill Yong , Wen Jian , Ohtsuki Chikara
Published: November 2014

α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), which shows higher solubility than β-TCP, is bioabsorbable and receives special attention for its ability of turning into hydroxyapatite (HAp) in a physiological condition. Problems occasionally occur as α-TCP porous body is too brittle to be handled. Compressive strengths of β-TCP and HAp dense sintered blocks are reported to be comparable to that of human cortical bone. However, α-TCP dense body has rarely been reported. For fabrication of dense sintered body, two-step sintering (TSS) was applied in this study. The TSS generally has firing processes at the lower temperatures, following that at the higher temperatures. TSS is known as one of most effective processing to prevent grain growth comparing with conventional sintering (CS). Dense body of α-TCP was fabricated by both CS and TSS. TSS processing involves heating specimens to T1 temperature, followed by holding at a relatively lower T2 temperature for 12 h. Microstructures of the sintered bodies were characterized and mechanical properties were also evaluated. The specimen prepared by TSS processing with T1 1400 °C, T2 1300 °C showed the lowest porosity (2.7%) and highest compressive strength (714 MPa) among the prepared specimens. TSS processing might be applicable on densification of calcium phosphate powders to fabricate dense body.
Diffusion Carbide Layers Produced on Tool Steel in Chromium Chloride Atmosphere at Low Pressure
Authors: Bogdanski Bogdan
Published: November 2014

Diffusion chromizing of tool steel has been investigated, using a powder method modified by the use of low pressure during the process for the avoidance of the oxidation of the batch. Innovative chromizing novel processes have been carried out in a hot-wall vacuum oven. The processes have been performed in a chromium chloride atmosphere at a low pressure range from 1 to 800 hPa, with treatment temperatures of 850 to 950°C. Studies of layer thickness, its phase composition, and Cr, Fe, and C depth profiles in the diffusion zone of chromized layer have been conducted. The effect of the process parameters, such as time and temperature, on the growth kinetics of diffusion layers has also been investigated. A comparison was made between the layer thickness produced on the tool steel surface using the novel chromizing method, under low pressure, and a traditional chromizing process, by the pack powder method. Chromizing conducted at low pressure was found to be more effective for maximizing the growth rate of diffusion layers than that for chromizing by the traditional pack cementation method.
The Effect of Al and Si Additions on the Resistance Properties of Magnetron-Deposited FeCrNi Coatings
Authors: Kucharska Barbara , Spalik Mariola
Published: November 2014

The PVD magnetron sputtering method is one of the most efficient methods enabling the spraying of the multi-component materials and almost unlimited setting of the chemical composition of coatings. The micro-and nanocrystalline coating structure favours the selective diffusion of chromium and other alloy additions that form compact oxide layers. The paper presents the study of coatings made in the process of magnetron sputtering of AISI310S grade chromium-nickel steel. The study covered coatings of the steel's composition with additions of 2-5% Si and of 2-5% Al. The resistance of the coatings at temperatures induced by electric current flow was assessed. The coatings provided a resistance element in the electric circuit, and the measurementof their temperature was made by the voltage drop indirect method. It was found that the steel coatings had a resistance of 0.176 Ω within the entire range of testing temperature, and their failure occurred at a temperature of 350°C due to cracking and delamination from the substrate. Introducing the Si or Al addition to the coatings resulted in an increase in coating resistance and temperature stability, respectively, to 450 and 400°C. Changes of coating’s phase composition and texture were not found. The resistance of the coatings with the Al and Si additions decreased with temperature due to their oxidation.
Methods of Prototyping Process Using Modern Additive Technologies
Authors: Bochnia Jerzy , Kozior Tomasz
Published: November 2014

The paper presents the characteristics of the selected additive technologies SLS - selective laser sintering, 3D Printing - bonding of ceramic powders, PolyJet Matrix - photocuring polymer resins. Procedures and methods for preparing models in the above-mentioned technologies are discussed. The examples of models made during research are described. The solutions covered by the patent application are also presented.
X-Ray Tomography in the Diagnostics of Roller Bearing Rings
Authors: Zbrowski Andrzej
Published: November 2014

The article presents the application of computed tomography (CT) for the detection of internal material defects in roller bearing rings made of steel. The tests were conducted using a set of four rings with different defects created artificially by means of electric discharge machining. In each test ring, several defects of the same type could be observed; however, they differed in terms of their size and geometry. The defects analysed had the form of internal blind holes with axes transverse or parallel to the surface of the track of the bearing – internal blind rectangular holes, and through slits in the inner cylindrical surface. The tests were conducted using a “V|tome|x s” X-ray CT scanner (tomograph) by GE. The roentgenograms of test objects were taken and then reconstructed in 3D. Each defect was visualised in different section planes of a reconstructed ring. Selected defects were represented in a solid form, and the measurements were taken in order to determine their geometry and volume. The tests confirmed that CT can be used in studies on such internal material defects in roller bearing rings as subsurface voids. All artificially made model defects were detected.
Examples of Laser Processing Control with Machine Vision Feedback
Authors: Reiner Jacek , Cieszyński Wojciech , Sidorowicz Maksymilian , Wiercioch Marcin , Chlebus Edward
Published: November 2014

Manufacturing technologies using laser radiation energy are gaining increasingly new applications. It results from their numerous advantages, most of all, from the selectiveness of a laser beam within the spatial and temporal domain. Although the laser beam is a very precise tool, it restricts the tolerances of component preparation. If such increased requirements drive previous processes, it will result in the increase of manufacturing costs of these parts. Hence, solutions are sought in the mechatronics paradigm, which corrects mechanical imperfections by means of electronics and software. Examples of the above solutions are follow-up and adaptive control systems. The paper presents examples of developed and implemented control systems of laser manufacturing processes with machine vision feedback. They include remote cutting with CAM-MV and laser cladding with a thermal or geometric closed-loop.
Materials Diagnostics: Non-Destructive Identification of Degraded Areas of Microstructure
Authors: Bonarski Jan T.
Published: November 2014

The influence of material anisotropy on the exploitation performance of structural elements is recognized still insufficiently. The state seems to be the more evident if we consider that each type of materials inhomogeneity is not neutral in relation to its properties. In this field, carefully selected characteristics – the kind of microstructure diagnostics – delivers valuable data for the identification and quantification of desired material parameters deciding its usability. A separate problem is a spatial distribution of the parameters, which is an important feature of advanced, multi-functional materials with gradient-or/and layered structure. Further stages of the microstructure diagnostics covering the prediction of material behaviour in exploitation conditions and the estimation of the time of safe exploitation are still challenging research problems.The enumerated aspects of materials diagnostics require experimental data registered for the representative sample and suitable methods of data processing. Laboratory techniques and modelling procedures utilized in contemporary materials engineering deliver a wide range of computer-aided methodology, enabling one to obtain valuable characteristics of material, including crystallographic texture, residual stresses, phase composition, and crystallite size. In addition to methodological, experimental conditions play an important role in the outlined microstructure diagnostics. Both aspects are evident in the case of the identification of a subtle field of stresses resisted in the near-surface layer or in coating-substrate interface where a non-destructive way of examination is demanded. This work presents a selected non-destructive investigation of degraded areas of materials, recognized as critical from the viewpoint of the behaviour of a specific structural element in exploitation conditions.
The local church as a non-governmental organisation in the fight against poverty: A historical overview of Bethulie 1933–1935
Authors: Van der Merwe Johan
Published: November 2014

Poverty is one of the greatest threats to society. In South Africa it is also one of the biggest challenges. This article starts with the challenges put to society by Mr Trevor Manuel at the Carnegie 3 conference. It then explores the possibility of if and how the church can act as a non-governmental organisation in the fight against poverty. A historical overview of the actions of Rev. E.P. Groenewald, during the drought of 1933–1934 in the Dutch Reformed Church Bethulie, serves as a case study of how the church can make a difference. It, however, also illustrates the many pitfalls on this challenging road. The article comes to the conclusion that the main challenge of the church in the fight against poverty is to act as a non-governmental organisation, which transforms values and assists society with good organisation and administration.
’n Narratief vir kerk-wees vandag
Authors: Van der Merwe J. Christo
Published: November 2014

A narrative of church life today. We live in a time when survival seems to be the biggest concern of most mainline congregations and denominations. How can the church possibly survive? This is a question that is asked in almost every corner of the institution. Since the 1960s, numerous books and articles have been published, trying to get a handle on why the mainline churches are in decline. Whatever the cause may be, decline is causing great fear and anxiety in the mainline churches. In an effort to answer the underlying question: ‘What shall we do to turn the situation around?’, some churches are simply trying to ‘market’ themselves and their message. Others try to ’do’ church differently. Some try to rediscover the purpose of the church, et cetera. Cheryl Peterson argues that churches are, in fact, facing an ecclesial crisis, that is much more than a crisis of declining numbers and membership. There is a deeper and more basic issue that must be explored, one that has to do with the church’s theological identity, and that is: what it means to be church? This article is about the question: Who is the church? And it answers the question on the basis of Peterson’s thesis by means of a narrative of the church that commences with the Spirit.
Matthew, memory theory and the New No Quest
Authors: Crook Zeba
Published: November 2014

This article explores the effects of cognitive and social memory theory on the quest for the historical Jesus. It is not the case that all memory is hopelessly unreliable, but it is the case that it commonly is. Memory distortion is disturbingly common, and much worse, there is no way to distinguish between memories of actual events and memories of invented events. The Gospel of Matthew was used to illustrate this very difficulty. This article also draws attention to the fact that although numerous criteria have been developed, refined and used extensively in order to distinguish between original Jesus material and later church material, those criteria have long been unsatisfactory, and most recently, because of the effects of thinking about memory theory and orality, have been revealed to be bankrupt. Since memory theory shows that people are unable to differentiate accurate memory from inaccurate and wholly invented memory, and since the traditional quest criteria do not accomplish what they were intended to, this article argues that scholarship about Jesus has been forced into a new no quest.
Empathy for the psychological underdog: A positive psychological approach to Luke’s Gospel
Authors: Scheffler Eben
Published: November 2014

Taking the lead from Wisdom of Solomon 7:20, which clearly indicates that ancient authors did engage in the specialised ‘scientific’ (although contemporary) study of mental processes (διαλογισμοὺς ἀνθρώπων), it is argued that the author of Luke’s Gospel paid special attention to the alleviation of human psychological suffering. Employing an approach recently being labelled as ‘positive psychology’, attention will be paid to general affliction (e.g. Lk 4:18; 6:21, 25), old age (Lk 1:5−80; 2:25−38), grief (e.g. Lk 7:11−17) and the emphasis on mental processes in Luke’s portrayal of Jesus’ exorcisms (e.g. Lk 4:35; 6:18−19; 9:38), as well as the psychological dimension involved in other types of suffering (e.g. poverty, sickness, enmity and social ostracism). The ‘mental process’, ‘feelings’ or ‘empathy’ that motivate the alleviation of suffering (in the behaviour of Jesus and his followers) will also come into focus in the discussion of the Lucan use of the terms οἰκτίρμων (Lk 6:36), ἔλεος and σπλαγχνίζομαι (e.g. Lk 10:33, 37).
Overcoming fragmentation and waste in health care systems in Africa: Collaboration of health care professionals with pastoral caregivers
Authors: Agbiji Emem , Landman Christina
Published: November 2014

This article explores the possibility and limits of collaboration between medical professionals and pastoral caregivers with a view to overcoming fragmentation and waste in the African hospital care sector. It argues that the quality of health and health care in many African countries is poor. Therefore, a purposeful reform of health care delivery systems in Africa is necessary. Building on the World Health Organization’s statement that the medical model that focuses on medicine and surgery and ignores the factors of belief and faith in healing is no longer satisfactory, it further argues that the medical model (including the bio-psychosocial model) is not sufficient for holistic hospital care; it therefore needs to accommodate complementary approaches (such as pastoral care) and include these as collaborative treatments. The connection of collaboration with quality, value, relationships and the ending of life implies that collaboration is an ethical process of reflection – which could have a legal implication.
Jesus in the Dumping Sites: Doing theology in the overlaps of human and material waste
Authors: De Beer Stephan
Published: November 2014

Jesus’ option for the poor should be reclaimed in a clear theological and ecclesial option for the dumping sites of our cities and towns. That is the basic proposal of this article. Reflecting upon three different dumping sites – different in size, age and history – this article will explore the central thread of material and human waste, often dealt with almost as synonymous, concentrated and overlapping in these marginal spaces. It will additionally explore the theological and ecclesial challenges, but also possible opportunities, visions and gifts presented by them. The paradoxical (and sometimes toxic) interconnectedness between waste management and sanitised cities will be considered, as well as its relation to mediating or denying human dignity. The stories of Smokey Mountain in Manila, the Zabbaleen community in Mokattam Village, Cairo, and the Hulene Dump in Maputo, will be presented as part of this reflection. They will be read as mirrors to the proliferation of similar dumping sites on the fringes of South African cities. An outline is offered for a theological-ecclesial praxis emerging from the dumping sites, as well as a retrieval of possible contributions from these sites to the broader urban public theological reflection.
Discerning the role of faith communities in responding to urban youth marginalisation
Authors: Nel Reginald W.
Published: November 2014

Urban youth marginalisation became a key consideration in scholarly and policy literature in the 1990s. This entailed a shift from an emphasis on youth in relation to activism in the struggle to overcome colonial racism – popularly known as ‘the struggle against apartheid’ – to an emphasis on youth as the object of social inquiry and social welfare programmes. Irrespective of how we valuate this shift, the question in this article is how urban faith communities and youth ministry research are to respond to the agency of youth as dialogue partners – with a focus on social cohesion. This article explores this shift in scholarship on urban youth movements, especially for the period since 1994. It draws from the perspectives of my recent doctoral studies (Nel 2013) in constructing a creative dialogue with youth movements. The ultimate aim of this article is to provide a grounded basis for constructing a methodology for a postcolonial urban theology. In addition, it aims to inform the ongoing Youth at the Margins (YOMA) comparative study on the contribution of faith-based organisations to social cohesion in South Africa and Nordic Europe, with the Riverlea community, in Johannesburg, as one of the case studies.
Faith community as a centre of liberationist praxis in the city
Authors: Hankela Elina
Published: November 2014

Theologians speak of the silence of churches’ prophetic voice in the ‘new’ South Africa, whilst the country features amongst the socio-economically most unequal countries in the world, and the urban areas in particular continue to be characterised by segregation. In this context I ask: where is liberation theology? I spell out my reading of some of the recent voices in the liberationist discourse. In dialogue with these scholars I, firstly, argue for the faith community to be made a conscious centre of liberationist debates and praxis. Secondly, I do this by suggesting two theoretical building blocks (i.e. critical deconstruction and radical friendship) for local faith communities that wish to grow in a liberationist fashion.
Die Christusnarratief in die film  As it is in heaven
Authors: Dreyer-Kruger Anet Elizabeth
Published: November 2014

The Christ narrative in the film As it is in heaven. In this article the public-theological motives in the film As it is in heaven is analised to demonstrate the film producer Kay Pollack’s ideal to communicate through the film that people should live their lives here and now authentically without seeking excuses for being happy. In this article the principles of narratology is applied in the analysis of the film’s plot, characterisation, plotted time and narrated spaces. It is also argued that the protagonist in the film can be regarded as a ‘Christ-figure’ and that the film conveys a ‘Christ narrative’ in a secularised context. Societal issues such as emotional abuse and violence against children, women, people with disability and animals constitute building blocks of the narrative. Ecclesiastical hypocrisy and outdated sexual values endorsed by the institutional church are replaced by a choir consisting of common people which leads a whole world to sing in harmony.
Intradural teratoma in a neonate with meningomyelocele
Authors: Pandey Anand , Gopal Saroj , Kumar Vijayendra , Gangopadhyay Ajay , Sharma Shiv
Published: November 2014

Meningomyelocele is a common congenital problem. The teratoma is a neoplasm composed of tissues foreign to the part in which they arise. An intradural teratoma within a meningomyelocele is a very rare association. We report a case of intradural teratoma with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Late onset of subdural hematoma after bifrontal contusion
Authors: Gürer Bora , Kertmen Hayri , Dolgun Habibullah , Sekerci Zeki
Published: November 2014

Cerebral cortical contusions are one of the most common computed tomography findings in head-injured patients and common sequel of traumatic brain injury. These contusions tend to show a progressive increase in mass effect on repeated imaging, most small contusions do not require surgical evacuation. However, progression to subdural hematoma (SDH) in a late aspect is unique. Here we present a 71-year-old man with bifrontal contusion, who deteriorated 43 days after initial trauma with sudden onset of acute SDH. This unusual case suggests that neurosurgeons should be alert for the possibility of very late onset of acute SDH after bifrontal contusions.
Base deficit and serum lactate concentration in patients with post traumatic convulsion
Authors: Afifi Ibrahim , Parchani Ashok , Al-Thani Hassan , El-Menyar Ayman , Alajaj Raghad , Elazzazy Shereen , Latifi Rifat
Published: November 2014

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and has been reported to be one of the risk factors for epileptic seizures. Abnormal blood lactate (LAC) and base deficit (BD) reflects hypoperfusion and could be used as metabolic markers to predict the outcome. The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic value of BD and LAC levels for post traumatic convulsion (PTC) in head injury patients. Materials and Methods: All head injury patients with PTC were studied for the demographics profile, mechanism of injury, initial vital signs, and injury severity score (ISS), respiratory rates, CT scan findings, and other laboratory investigations. The data were obtained from the trauma registry and medical records. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Results: Amongst 3082 trauma patients, 1584 were admitted to the hospital. Of them, 401 patients had head injury. PTC was observed in 5.4% (22/401) patients. Out of the 22 head injury patients, 10 were presented with the head injury alone, whereas 12 patients had other associated injuries. The average age of the patients was 25 years, comprising predominantly of male patients (77%). Neither glasgow coma scale nor ISS had correlation with BD or LAC in the study groups. The mean level of BD and LAC was not statistically different in PTC group compared to controls. However, BD was significantly higher in patients with associated injuries than the isolated head injury group. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation amongst the two groups as far as LAC levels are concerned. Conclusion: Base deficit but not lactic acid concentration was significantly higher in head injury patients with associated injuries. Early resuscitation by pre-hospital personnel and in the trauma room might have impact in minimizing the effect of post traumatic convulsion on BD and LAC.
Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with titanium cages for simple or multilevel herniated discs and spur of the cervical spine: Report of 2 cases and experience in Bali
Authors: Mahadewa Tjokorda G , Nyoman Golden , Sri Maliawan , Junichi Mizuno
Published: November 2014

This report presents two cases of cervicobrachialgia and radiculopathy due to multiple cervical herniated discs and spur formation that dealt with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) using different titanium interbody cages. The description of the clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances and management strategy are discussed. Both cases showed chronic neck pain and radiating pain from the shoulder to the arm. They had a history of blurry vision, cluster head ache, weakness, and numbness on the shoulder for 2 years. MRI revealed multiple herniated discs between C4-7 and accompanied by the spur formation leading to the narrowness of the spinal canal and its foramina bilaterally. ACDF were performed and complete decompression of the spinal canal and its foramina were carried out. Twin M-cages (Ammtec Inc.-Japan) were placed in the first case at C5-7 levels and single cage of Smith Robinson (SR) was placed in the second case at C5-6 levels. There were no more blurry vision, cluster headache, weakness, and numbness, immediately after surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first reported cases of ACDF, using twin M-cages and single SR cage in Indonesia, with improvement immediately after surgery. Cervical spondylosis can present with cervicobrachialgia and radiculopathy and surgical treatment produces good functional outcome.
Osteoblastic meningioma with turtle shell: Different entity from calcified meningioma
Authors: Salunke Pravin , Aggarwal Ashish , Futane Sameer , Nada Ritambhara , Gochhait Debasis
Published: November 2014

Bone formation within meningioma is secondary to metaplasia of the meningothelial cells into osteoblastic cells. This needs to be differentiated form the commonly seen calcification. We describe a rare case of osteobalstic meningioma in which bony trabeculae were seen within meningothelial cells.
Extensive intracranial calcification of pseudo-TORCH syndrome with features of Dandy–Walker malformation
Authors: Patnaik Ashis , Mishra Sudhansu , Das Srikanta
Published: November 2014

Pseudo-TORCH syndrome or congenital infection-like syndrome is a group of conditions which resemble congenital infections such as those caused by toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes (TORCH) group of organisms, clinico-radiologically, but serological tests are negative for the organisms. One of the variety shows features such as microcephaly, extensive intracranial calcification showing gross resemblance to congenital CMV infection, making its other name as microcephaly intracranial calcification syndrome (MICS). Dandy–Walker malformation (DWM), in addition to posterior fossa large cyst, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, and hydrocephalus is often associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum and callosal lipomas, dysplasia of the brainstem, and cerebellar hypoplasia or dysgenesis. But radiological features of DWM with microcephaly and intracranial calcification are very unusual and have been rarely reported in the literature.[1] We report a case of infant showing clinical features suggestive of congenital CMV infection with negative serology and radiological imaging suggestive of DWM with extensive intracranial calcification. Pseudo-TORCH syndrome with radiological features of DWM is a congenital developmental abnormality. Inspite of hydrocephalus, it does not require cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversionary procedure due to lack of increased intracranial pressure. Conservative management for seizure disorder is the optimal therapy.
Iodine observed in new particle formation events in the Arctic atmosphere during ACCACIA
Authors: Allan J. D. , Williams P. I. , Najera J. , Whitehead J. D. , Flynn M. J. , Taylor J. W. , Liu D. , Darbyshire E. , Carpenter L. J. , Chance R. , McFiggans G.
Published: November 2014

Abstract. Accurately accounting for new particle formation (NPF) is crucial to our ability to predict aerosol number concentrations and thus cloud properties, which is in turn vital in simulating radiative transfer and climate. Here we present an analysis of NPF events observed in the Greenland Sea during the summertime as part of the Aerosol-Cloud Coupling And Climate Interactions in the Arctic (ACCACIA) project. While NPF events have been reported in the Arctic before, we were able, for the first time, to detect iodine in the growing particles using an Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) during a persistent event in the region of the coastal sea ice near Greenland. Given the potency of iodine as a nucleation precursor, the results imply that iodine was responsible for the initial NPF, a phenomenon that has been reported at lower latitudes and associated with molecular iodine emissions from coastal macroalgae. The initial source of iodine in this instance is not clear, but it was associated with air originating approximately 1 day previously over melting coastal sea ice. These results show that atmospheric models must consider iodine as a source of new particles in addition to established precursors such as sulphur compounds.
Fungi living on halophylic plants
Authors: Chołownia Irena
Published: November 2014

Uromyces lineolatus (Desm.) Schroet, in aecidial stage was first in Poland on Glaux maritima in 1963 in Ciechocinek and later in Wilczkowica and Kołobrzeg. On this host lives a highly specialized biological race Uromyces lineolatus f. sp. glaucis-scipi O. Jaap. Glaux maritima is an obligatory halophyte and it can be supposed that the parasitized rust fungus is also a halofilic from. In present work there are also some new localities of Uromycea lineolatus on Bulboschoenus maritimus in Poland (Gniewkowo, Rabin, Wiliczkowwice, Kołobrzeg and Zgłowiączka - Majewski's unpublished dates) and in Germany (Hiddensee and Artern) on both hosts.
Materials for the flora of myxomycetes of central Poland
Authors: Kalinowska-Kucharska Ewa
Published: November 2014

The author investigated the Myxomycetes flora in the environment of Łódź. A collection made between 1967-1972 contains 58 species an 3 varieties. Among Myxomycetes found in this territory are species rare in Poland: Badhamia affinis Rost, Comatrichia pulchella (Bab.) Rost., Clastoderma debaryanum Blytt., Lycogala conicum Pers., Lycogala exiguum Morgan, Trichia incospicua Rost. and Trichia olivacea (Maylan) Krzem.
Plant rotation as a means of controlling wilt disease of Lupinus luteus L. on the basis of mycological investigations. II
Authors: Truszkowska Wanda
Published: November 2014

Following investigations in 1973 and 1974, further studies were made during 1969-1972. These have enabled us to confirm that a five year break in the cultivation of Yellow Lupin, combined with an adequate selection of quality and sequence of plants, is able to lower the inoculative potential in the habitat of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini which resulted from an earlier epidemic. The persistance of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini in the soil is very durable. Protection of Yellow Lupin is additionally effected by the use of resistant host plants thus minimizing the further persistance of the pathogen.
Lennox-Lombroso Lecture, 2013: Psychiatric Comorbidities through the Life of the Seizure Disorder: A Complex Relation with a Not So Complex Solution
Authors: Kanner Andres M.
Published: November 2014

Psychiatric comorbidities are relatively frequent in people with epilepsy, occurring in one of every three patients, with mood and anxiety disorders predominating. They are the expression of a complex interaction between a previous psychiatric history (and/or genetic predisposition for psychiatric disorder), neurobiologic changes associated with the underlying epilepsy, peri-ictal phenomena, iatrogenic and reactive processes. Furthermore, a bidirectional relation between psychiatric disorders and epilepsy has added another level of complexity, while at the same time opening an opportunity of the recognition of potential pathogenic mechanisms that are responsible for the high comorbid occurrence of these disorders. This article highlights the clinical implications of understanding the course of psychiatric comorbidities relative to the onset of the seizure disorder to minimize their risk of recurrence and their interference in the management of the seizure disorder.
The pedagogical training of students in professional master’s degree programs
Authors: Tavares Claudia Mara de Melo , Queiroz Paulo Pires de
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Discutir a formação pedagógica de alunos no âmbito dos mestrados profissionais. Método: Trata-se de uma reflexão teórica sobre a formação pedagógica do mestre profissional no mundo contemporâneo. Indaga-se sobre os saberes relacionados a esta formação a partir de uma perspectiva reflexiva da profissão.  Resultados: Destacam-se os saberes presentes na formação profissional; os elementos da formação pedagógica do mestre profissional; os processos de desenvolvimento na formação pedagógica e a importância dos conteúdos pedagógicos na formação do mestre profissional. Conclusão: Compreende-se que a formação pedagógica dos alunos dos Mestrados Profissionais exige a contextualização de atos profissionais, a compreensão da singularidade das situações a partir de diferentes perspectivas de conhecimento e visa educar esses mestrandos como intelectuais críticos capazes de ratificar e praticar o discurso da liberdade e da democracia. Descritores: Educação de Pós-Graduação, Educação Profissionalizante, Avaliação Educacional, Prática Profissional, Política de Educação Superior.
Being a woman and having an injured body: a study of social representations
Authors: Alves Raiana Marinho , De Santana Carvalho Evanilda Souza , De Oliveira Jeane Freitas , De Araújo Edna Maria
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Discutir as representações sociais de mulheres com feridas crônicas sobre ser mulher e ter um corpo ferido e implicações dessas representações sobre as relações sociais. Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa com mulheres com feridas crônicas, atendidas em unidades de saúde na Bahia que responderam a entrevista em profundidade e desenho-estória tema. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: As representações sobre ser mulher e ter um corpo ferido estão centradas em ideias e experiências que revelam estigmas, dor, tristeza, solidão, irritação, dependência e necessidade de aproximar-se com Deus. Conclusão: As representações das participantes interferem no modo de vestir, de relacionar-se consigo mesma e com as pessoas em seu entorno implicando em isolamento e solidão. As representações reproduzem estigmas sobre a imagem corporal que não atende a critérios de beleza e de saúde determinados social e culturalmente.
Systematization of nursing in preventing infections in intensive care unit
Authors: Fernandes Amélia Carolina Lopes , Lima Deivson Wendell da Costa , Lima Lais Cristina da Silva , Oliveira Luana Kátia Santos , Vieira Alcivan Nunes
Published: November 2014

OBJETIVO: identificar possíveis interfaces entre a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem e a prevenção de infecções em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. MÉTODOS: Foi realizada por meio de observação direta da realidade, em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. No contexto estudado, por vezes, a SAE foi realizada desconsiderando as especificidades de cada paciente, em se tratando da prevenção de infecções. Durante a admissão no setor, e na elaboração do histórico do paciente, os fatores de risco individuais para a ocorrência de infecções não foram pesquisados. RESULTADOS: Durante a realização do exame físico e do plano de cuidados, alguns princípios de assepsia não foram respeitados. A SAE na UTI estudada é incipiente, e suas etapas atendem mais às rotinas institucionais do que às necessidades de cuidado dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: É possível articular à SAE à prevenção e controle de infecções, agregando-a ao cuidado de enfermagem.
Limits and obstacles in the adherence to antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Silva Richardson Augusto Rosendo da , Nelson Ana Raquel Cortês , Duarte Fernando Hiago da Silva , Prado Nanete Caroline da Costa , Costa Romanniny Hévillyn Silva , Costa Danyella Augusto Rosendo da Silva
Published: November 2014

Objetivo: Analisar e elencar fatores e técnicas de monitorização relacionados a adesão ao tratamento antirretroviral. Método:Estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura a partir das bases eletrônicas LILACS e MEDLINE, realizado no mês de abril e maio de 2013, Resultados: Fatores como escolaridade, complexidade do tratamento, agravantes psicológicos e a relação entre  profissional de saúde e usuário, tiveram destaque relevante na adesão a TARV. Nesse contexto, monitorar e medir a adesão à terapia antirretroviral com o uso de técnicas adequadas podem contribuir para um aumento significativo desses valores. Conclusão: É certo que não existe um padrão ouro que garanta a adesão ideal ,contudo, o uso de técnicas de monitorização corretas e  combinadas, podem diminuir significativamente o impacto de diversos fatores que predispõem a adesão ineficaz ao tratamento da AIDS. Descritores: Síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida, Recusa do paciente ao tratamento, Terapia antirretroviral de alta atividade
Postfire influences of snag attrition on albedo and radiative forcing
Authors: O'Halloran Thomas L. , Acker Steven A. , Joerger Verena M. , Kertis Jane , Law Beverly E.
Published: November 2014

This paper examines albedo perturbation and radiative forcing after a high‐severity fire in a mature forest in the Oregon Cascade Range. Correlations between postfire albedo and seedling, sapling, and snag (standing dead tree) density were investigated across fire severity classes and seasons for years 4–15 after fire. Albedo perturbation was 14 times larger in winter compared to summer and increased with fire severity class for the first several years. Albedo perturbation increased linearly with time over the study period. Correlations between albedo perturbations and the vegetation densities were strongest with snags, and significant in all fire classes in both summer and winter (R < −0.92, p < 0.01). The resulting annual radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere became more negative linearly at a rate of −0.86 W m−2 yr−1, reaching −15 W m−2 in year 15 after fire. This suggests that snags can be the dominant controller of postfire albedo on decadal time scales.
Upper crustal azimuthal anisotropy across the contiguous U.S. determined by Rayleigh wave ellipticity
Authors: Lin Fan‐Chi , Schmandt Brandon
Published: November 2014

Constraints on upper crustal seismic anisotropy provide insight into the local stress orientation and structural fabric, but such constraints are scarce except in areas with dense recordings of local seismicity. We investigate directionally dependent Rayleigh wave ellipticity, or Rayleigh wave H/V (horizontal to vertical) amplitude ratios, between 8 and 20 s period across USArray to infer azimuthal anisotropy in the upper crust across the contiguous U.S. To determine the H/V ratios, we use all available multicomponent ambient noise cross correlations between all USArray stations operating between 2007 and 2013. In many locations, the observed H/V ratios are clearly back azimuth dependent with a 180° periodicity, which allows the fast directions and amplitudes of upper crustal anisotropy to be determined. The observed patterns of anisotropy correlate well with both near‐surface geological features (e.g., the Intermountain Seismic Belt and Appalachian‐Ouachita collision belt) and a previous stress model.
Seasonal variation and biogeochemical cycling of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in theYellowSea andBohaiSea
Authors: Yang Gui‐Peng , Song Yi‐Zhu , Zhang Hong‐Hai , Li Cheng‐Xuan , Wu Guan‐Wei
Published: November 2014

The concentrations of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and chlorophylla(Chl‐a) as well as the size distribution of particulate DMSP (DMSPp) were determined in the Yellow Sea (YS) and Bohai Sea (BS) during two cruises from 1 to 20 November 2012 and from 21 June to 11 July 2013. Besides, the biological production and consumption rates of DMS and the degradation rates of dissolved DMSP (DMSPd) were also measured. The concentrations of DMS and DMSP showed a significant seasonal variation with higher values in summer, which corresponded well with the seasonal change of Chl‐ain the study area. Both DMS and DMSPp concentrations were significantly correlated with Chl‐alevels, implying that phytoplankton biomass might play an important role in controlling the distributions of DMS and DMSP in the study area. The size‐fractionation research showed that nanophytoplankton (5–20 μm) contributed to most of Chl‐aand DMSPp in autumn and summer. The average biological production and consumption rates of DMS during summer were 13.35 and 9.80 nmol L−1d−1, respectively, which were much higher than those during autumn. The degradation rates of DMSPd during summer ranged from 7.10 to 21.70 nmol L−1d−1, with an average of 14.71 nmol L−1d−1, which was nearly equal to the average biological production rate (13.35 nmol L−1d−1) of DMS. The average sea‐to‐air flux of DMS in the YS and BS were 12.06 and 20.81 μmol m−2d−1in autumn and in summer, respectively, which were much higher than the values reported in the ocean.