bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Experimental Study On Friction Stir Welding Of Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys For Improved Mechanical Properties Of Tailor Welded Blanks.
Authors: M. Joshi Manoj , Ubale Amol
Published: April 2023

Tailor welded blanks (TWB) are used in automotive and aerospace industries as they offer weight saving followed by cost saving and improved fuel economy. Being light in weight and having low cost, Aluminum alloys have piqued the interest of scientists. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a well-known accepted technique used since 1991 worldwide for Aluminum and its alloys. Due to friction stir welding, mechanical changes occur due to stirring action at the joint. Also the inter-metallic compounds, kissing bond formation, onion ring formation etc. are defects encountered in the nugget zone of welding. Hence, a novel technique is suggested to carry out the friction stir welding using a blend of techniques viz. double sided friction stir welding and multi objective optimization of process parameters. For experimentation, AA 5182 and AA 5754-Aluminum Magnesium alloys of 5000 series are used with sheet size of 1.5 mm thickness. Experimentation was carried out on a vertical machining center, with circular, square, and triangular tool pin profiles with a tool rotational speed range between 1500 -1800 rpm and a welding speed range of 40 mm/min.-60 mm/min. For the analysis purpose, L9 orthogonal array was used and Grey Relational Analysis(GRA) was employed and ASTM standards were used for tensile testing. Base sample materials of AA 5182 and AA5754 are having ultimate tensile strengths of 289.58 N/mm2 and 220.75N/mm2respectively. The designed welded blank of the two materials recorded maximum ultimate tensile strength of 268.11N/mm2which was remarkable for FSW. Welded joint efficiency was found to be 92.73% and percentage elongation of TWB was found to be 44% as compared to the base metals.
Research on logistics distribution route optimization based on deep learning model and block chain technology
Authors: Yang Xiaoshan , Guan Weiwei
Published: April 2023

The growing data age is reflected in all aspects of today's society. In the field of logistics, especially when the road conditions in urban areas are complex, how to select the optimal distribution path and reduce the distribution time is a problem worthy of attention. Aiming at the problems faced by traditional algorithms in solving the distribution of logistics vehicles in urban areas, however, the method based on regional chain technology can better solve the path optimization problem. A deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on attention mechanism and LSTM model is designed and applied to the distribution path planning of logistics vehicles. The distribution optimization path of logistics vehicles is obtained through sample training experiments, Thus, it provides a new idea for the optimization of logistics distribution path.
Application of pectinase enzyme preparations for extraction and recovery of passion fruit juice (Passiflora edulis) from Cao Bang province
Authors: Le Anh Tuan , Nguyen Van Loi
Published: April 2023

Cao Bang is a province with favorable natural conditions for the development of passion fruit trees (Passiflora edulis). Passion fruit is rich in nutritional values, such as protein, sugar, vitamins, minerals, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. The addition of pectinase enzyme preparation has the effect of breaking down the cell wall of passion fruit flesh, contributing to increasing the yield of fruit juice. The objective of this study is the application of pectinase enzyme preparations to exploit and recover passion fruit juice from Cao Bang province. The study has determined extraction and recovery of passion fruit juice was developed, with the technological parameters being the concentration of pectinase enzyme preparation used as 0.5%, the hydrolysis temperature of 39 oC, the hydrolysis time as 300 minutes, in this condition the recovery efficiency of passion fruit juice was 89.04%. Passion fruit juice has a dark orange yellow color, a very characteristic aroma, a sweet taste mixed with a slightly sour taste, a homogeneous state, a soluble solids content of 12.75 ± 0.25 oBx, and a pH of 2.81 ± 0.02.
Research assessment variation trend of precipitation in Binh Dinh province by Mann-Kendall test and Theil-Sen trend
Authors: Tran Thi Mui , Hoang Luu Thu Thuy , Vuong Van Vu , Do Thi Van Huong , Dang Thi Ngan Ha
Published: April 2023

The paper aims to assess the changing trend of monthly rainfall and minimum monthly rainfall in Binh Dinh province by the Mann-Kendall test method and the Theil-Sen trend in the period 1981 - 2919. The results show that: With a statistical significance of 5%, rainfall tends to increase in January at Hoai Nhon and Binh Tuong stations with an increase of 1.2 - 1.3 mm\year and tends to increase in August at An Nhon station with an increase of 1.7 mm\year but tends to decrease in June at Quy Nhon station with a decrease of 1.6 mm\year. The total rainfall in the minimum months (from January to April) tends to increase at Hoai Nhon and Quy Nhon stations with an increase of 2.3 - 2.5 mm\year. Monthly rainfall and total monthly rainfall at the remaining stations do not satisfy the condition P-value ≤ 0.05, therefore, hypothesis H0 is accepted as a trendless series.
Characteristics of the factors forming the landscape of Ba Be district, Bac Kan province
Authors: Dinh Hoang Duong , Do Van Thanh , Kieu Van Hoan , Duong Thi Loi , To Thi Hong Nhung
Published: April 2023

The objective of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of the factors that make up the landscape. These factors are the basis for the establishment of landscape maps and landscape assessment for planning as well as sustainable development of agriculture, forestry, and tourism in Ba Be district, Bac Kan province. This is a locality that has attracted great attention from domestic and foreign scientists because it holds the great value of natural resources. The task of establishing landscape maps and landscape classification systems based on factors such as geology, topography, climate, soil, vegetation, etc., is a scientific foundation for regulation. planning and sustainable development of agriculture, forestry, and tourism for this study area.
Role of closed subcutaneous drain in prevention of surgical site infection in perforation peritonitis
Authors: Raj Praveen L. , Ranjan Alok , Kumar Ajay , Thakur Indra Shekhar
Published: April 2023

Background: Surgery for perforation peritonitis is associated with the highest rates of infective complications, especially surgical site infection. SSI occurs due to failure of obliteration of dead space during abdominal wound closure resulting in formation of hematoma and seroma collection in the surgical wound viz. abdominal wound in cases of perforation peritonitis. This acts as a good culture medium for bacterial organisms to grow and cause wound infection. The bacterial pathogens can be either from intra-abdominal sepsis or nosocomial in origin. Closed suction drains can be used effectively to eliminate dead space in the wound and evacuates the seroma or hematoma collection, thereby reducing chances of SSI and also helps in early detection of SSI by inspecting the nature of drain output. Aim was to evaluate the role of closed suction drains in prevention of SSI in cases of perforation peritonitis.
Methods: Comparative study of 60 cases of perforation peritonitis divided into two equal groups (Group A patient with closed suction drain in subcutaneous space vs. Group B patient without closed suction drain). Outcomes of SSI were compared.
Results: The incidence of SSI in Group A was 33% whereas in Group B was 70%. 40% cases in SSI in Group A whereas 76% cases of SSI in Group B developed wound dehiscence. Most cases of SSI was diagnosed on POD 2 for Group A and on POD 4 for Group B.
Conclusions: The study supports use of closed suction drain in perforation peritonitis for prevention, early detection and appropriate management of SSI.
Micro-RNA: A potential screening marker for latent tuberculosis
Authors: Sharma Anuradha , Srivastava Priyanshu , Sharma Aditi , Sharma Madhu , Vashisht Pushkar , Sawhney Manisha
Published: April 2023

An ancient disease, Tuberculosis is one of the most challenging infectious disease contributing to mortality and morbidity worldwide. Tuberculosis elimination globally, by 2050, is a mammoth task as Mycobacterial infections have wide range of presentation, from the clinical to the subclinical or latent and pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The virulence as well as evading property of Mycobacterium tuberculosisMtb) from the host's immune system confers upon it the ability to remain latent in the host cells. This forms the basis of classification of tuberculosis patient as having latent-TBI or active TB.

This review focuses on the role of miRNA as biomarkers of LTBI. The aim is to have an overview of the current knowledge about miRNA, its involvement in TB pathogenesis and its role as a reliable tool for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis.

miRNA are non-encoding endogenous RNAs which regulate gene expression by directing their target RNA for degradation or translational repression. Degraded RNA are released in the extracellular milieu, are present in various body fluids, such as blood, saliva, and urine, and are biomarkers for a number of diseases including cancer, Parkinsons’ disease, CAD, liver diseases, TB and other infectious diseases. miRNAs are differentially expressed during active TB and LTBI, and therefore can be used as biomarkers of disease progression and response to anti-TB therapy. This will further permit more specific therapeutic interventions in TB management.

A thorough search of available literature resources was performed on online databases such as Google Scholar, NCBI, Nature, Research gate, PubMed, Science Direct. It was found that miRNA are promising biomarkers to identify healthy latent TB individuals for further course of action and can be reliable tools for routine use in current clinical practice for specific therapeutic interventions to limit active TB population. They meet the criteria of ideal biomarkers, such as minimally invasive, accessibility, high specificity, and sensitivity.
Characterization of transfused neonates in a hospital institution in Medellin, Colombia
Authors: Lobo-Salas Yulis Fernanda , Martinez-Sanchez Lina Maria , Lopez-Lopez Lucelly , Pamplona-Sierra Ana Paulina , Jaramillo-Jaramillo Laura Isabel , Villegas-Álzate Juan Diego , Roldan-Tabares Mabel Dahiana , Hernandez-Martinez Alejandro , Herrera-Almanza Laura , Orozco-Forero Juan Pablo
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical and epidemiological aspects of transfused neonates in Intensive and Special Care Units of a high-complexity Institution in Medellín, Colombia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study that included hospitalized neonates in intensive or special care units between 2017 and 2018 who received transfusions during their hospital stay. For data collection information from medical records was used. The data analysis was done in the SPSS software, average and standard deviation were calculated for quantitative variables, and for qualitative variables, proportions were estimated. This study had ethical approval.
RESULTS: 175 patients were included, with an average gestational age at birth of 31 weeks and an average weight of 1610 grams. 52.9% of the population was female. The main diagnoses were prematurity 127 (72.6%), respiratory distress syndrome 93 (53.1%), sepsis 75 (42.8%), and unspecified anemia 53 (30.3%). 94.4% of the neonates were hospitalized in the intensive care unit, with a median hospital stay of 35 days. Discharge was the main outcome with 83.7%, followed by death with 11.6%.
CONCLUSIONS: Red blood cell transfusion in the neonatal population was frequently used in those admitted to intensive and special care units, this intervention showed favorable results but the lack of data in the medical records as a retrospective study limits the establishment of further associations.
KEYWORDS: Newborn infant, Blood transfusion, Premature infant, Newborn infantdiseases.
PARAMETERS OF RUMINAL DIGESTION, PRODUCTIVITY AND MILK QUALITY OF COWS IN CASE OF APPLICATION OF BIOPINNULAR SORPTION - PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENT IN THEIR RATION
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Desyatov O. A. , Pykhtina L. A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Isaychev V. A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The article presents results of the studies on application of Biopinnular sorption-probiotic feed additive in feeding of lactating cows in the amount of 0.25; 0.5 and 0.75% of the dry matter of the ration in the conditions of the dairy complex OOO Agrofarm “Tetyushskoye” in Ulyanovsk region. A comparative analysis of the data obtained during the research confirms the positive effect of the studied additive on the processes of ruminal digestion, which is accompanied by an increase of concentration of volatile fatty acids (by 9.78% and 11.69%), cellulolytic activity of bacteria and absorption of ammonia nitrogen. This provides a corresponding increase of productive effect of feed and thereby causes a greater supply of nutrients to blood for milk synthesis, which has a positive effect on an increase (by 3.46 ... 12.60%) of milk productivity level of cows and the mass fraction of fat in their milk. The usage of the studied feed additive in the rations of cows enables to reduce the concentration of heavy metals (lead and cadmium) in their milk (by 10.75 ... 43.48% and 12.63 ... 28.58%) and products of its processing. The most effective in terms of biological and zootechnical parameters is usage of the studied feed additive at a dose of 0.25 and 0.5% of the ration dry matter.
DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR INDICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Feoktistova N. A. , Mastilenko A. V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Suldina E. V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Lomakin A. A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The article presents results of research on development of a test system by means of polymerase chain reaction with real-time detection for identification of Aspergillus flavus phytopathogenic fungi. The above microscopic fungi are contaminants of corn in various geographical areas. At present, a multiplex PCR-RT-test system "HRM-Zygo-Asp" is in operation for detection and identification of aspergillus (only to the genus) and a commercial test system for EIA "Aspergillus-IgG- EIA -BEST" (ZAO "VECTOR- BEST). The team of authors chose Aspergillus flavus strain CA14 4,044,380..4,045,732 b.p. for research, used Multiple Sequence Alignment Viewer 1.22.1 software, UGENA 44.0, NCBI BLAST-primer, Oligoevaluator. Specific primers were selected (f) 5'-3' GGGCCCGCAGCAAGAATAC, reverse primer - (r) 3'-5' ACGAGTTGTCACCTTCCCGAGA; a reaction protocol was developed, including preliminary denaturation - 95 0C - 5 minutes (1 cycle); denaturation - 95 0C - 5 sec, annealing - 60 0C - 15 sec (50 cycles). To determine the sensitivity of the test system, the authors selected a probe (CGGTTCGCTTTGGTCATCGT), a fluorescent dye - HEX, and a quencher - BHQ-2. It was determined that the sensitivity of the test system is 1000 cells. Approbation of the scientific development was carried out on 33 field strains isolated from 33 corn samples (grain, vegetative mass with signs of disease) and a reference strain (Aspergillus flavus VKM № F-25). When choosing field strains identified by V.I. Bilay and E.Z. Koval (1988) and the key of Nikitinskiy-Aleev, it was established that 25 samples were contaminated with bacteria of Aspergillus flavus species.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPROVAL OF THE SCHEME OF ISOLATION, INDICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF B.PETRII BACTERIA FROM ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Lomakin A. A.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to development and testing of a scheme for isolation, indication and identification of Bordetella petrii bacteria from environmental objects. Until now, the role of B. petrii in infectious processes has not been sufficiently studied, due to the imperfection of research procedure. The research methodology was based on usage of nutrient media of the original author's formulation - accumulation and differential diagnostic and classical bacteriological tests for establishment of physiological and biochemical properties of microorganisms. As a result of the research, an algorithm was proposed that allows to detect from 10 bacterial cells of the desired bacterial species in biological material using bacteriological and molecular genetic methods. Approbation of the developed scheme allowed to isolate three new strains of B. petrii bacteria from environmental objects. Their species identity was proved by bacteriological and molecular genetic studies, in particular, the morphology of bacterial cells, cultural and biochemical properties were studied, the species-specific region of B. petrii genome was identified by LAMP method and 16S RNA, characteristic of bacteria of Bordetella genus. The obtained results allow to judge the spread of this infectious agent in the environment.
STUDY OF PATHOGENICITY OF FIELD STRAINS OF XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS BACTERIA
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Maiorov P.S. , Feoktistova N.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Suldina E.V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Khaisanova V.S. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

Gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas campestris, which is the causative agent of bacterial diseases of many cultivated plants, annually leads to significant economic losses in many sarans of the world. The development of modern methods of combating this phytopathogen is an urgent task for agriculture. One of the promising methods is the use of bacteriophages, the selection of which requires working directly with bacteria that have pathogenic properties in relation to natural host plants. This paper presents the results of studying the pathogenicity of the existing collection of microorganisms in relation to various varieties of cabbage. 38 strains of Xanthomonas campestris bacteria were used as the object of the study. The pathogenicity of the selected crops was studied by methods of studying hypersensitivity on tobacco plants and by infiltration into natural host plants. Studies have shown that the bacteria had varying degrees of activity in relation to cabbage varieties F1, Agamer 611 and Siberian 60. At the same time, 21 of the 38 strains studied showed their pathogenic properties on plants of all three varieties. In most cases, characteristic V-shaped lesions were found on the leaves of plants, which eventually led to the withering of the entire leaf. In some cases, necrosis was observed at the sites of inoculation of the studied strain of bacteria. Analysis of the time of manifestation of symptoms of bacteriosis showed that strains previously isolated from affected plants visually showed their pathogenic properties 5-6 days earlier than strains isolated from seed material. The obtained results will be used in the future to select bacteriophages with the greatest spectrum of action against bacteria with pathogenic properties.
EFFICIENCY OF OILY AND POLYELECTROLYTE ADJUVANTS IN CASE OF RABBIT HYPERIMMUNIZATION WITH DIMETHYLSULFOXIDE ANTIGEN OF PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS MICROORGANISM
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Manieson V. E. , Ivashchenko S. V. ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Khaptsev Z. Yu. ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov
Published: April 2023

A comparative evaluation of two adjuvants: polyazolidinammonium modified with iodine hydrate ions (PAAH) and complete Freud's adjuvant (CFA) was conducted. The assessment was carried out in the process of hyperimmunization of rabbits with a mixture of an adjuvant and dimethyl sulfoxide antigen (DA) of a pseudotuberculous microbe. Both adjuvants stimulated antibody genesis and allowed to obtain hyperimmune sera with high antibody titers. However, CFA showed a slightly higher activity (1:819200) than PAAH (1:409600). The most pronounced stimulating effect of adjuvants was expressed at low doses of DA (0.2-1 mg/rabbit). Large doses of the antigen (16.0 mg/rabbit) enabled to obtain sera with a high antibody titer without adjuvants. The stimulating effect of DA-PAAH and DA-CFA complexes on antibody genesis is associated with the rate and quality of lymphocyte differentiation, and to a lesser extent with an increase of their number. PAAH showed a weak irritating effect on body tissues at the injection spot, and CFA had a strong irritating effect. The application of CFA led to formation of many painful indurations in the subcutaneous tissue of rabbits, which did not resolve between immunizations. Thus, usage of PAAH as an adjuvant in hyperimmunization of rabbits with DA of the pseudotuberculous microbe is potentially productive and without CFA disadvantages.
IMPACT OF PRODUCTION INTENSIFICATION ON BIOLOGICAL YIELD AND STRUCTURE OF THE WINTER WHEAT HARVEST UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE CENTRAL BLACK SOIL REGION
Authors:   FSBSI «Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center», Dudkina T.A.
Published: April 2023

One of the leading factors of intensification of cultivation processes of agricultural products is crop rotation. Mineral fertilizers are also an essential element of farming systems. The aim of the work was to determine the influence of these two factors and their combinations on biological yield and structure of winter wheat harvest. The studies were carried out in 2019-2021 on stationary field experiment of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center in Medvenskiy district of Kursk region. The soil is typical heavy loamy black soil. Winter wheat was cultivated in 3 crop rotations, where the forecrops were black fallow, green manure fallow (peas) and sown fallow (horse beans). The scheme of the experiment included for 4 levels of fertilization: without fertilizers, N60P60K60, N80P80K80, N100P100K100 kg a.i. per 1 ha. Black fallow showed the highest biological yield on high background of fertilization, as for medium and low fertilization, and also without fertilizers - on green manure. Increase of doses of mineral fertilizers provided a yieldincrease. Total and productive bushiness of winter wheat was higher in combination with green manure fallow, and the weight of 1000 grains and the number of grains in the wheat head of the main stem were higher in case of black fallow. The harvest structure parameters were lower in crop rotationthan in the other two rotations. A tendency ofparameter increase of the harvest structure was revealed: total and productive bushiness, weight of 1000 grains, the number of grains in the wheat head of the main stem in case of fertilizationlevelincrease. A close positive relationship was established between the biological yield of the crop and the total (r = 0.958) and productive (r = 0.956) bushiness, as well as the number of grains in the wheat head of the main stem (r = 0.911).
INFLUENCE OF CYTRIMIN ON LEUKOCYTE FORMULA STRUCTURE OF FISH
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Shlenkina T.M. , Romanova E.M. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Romanov V.V. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Shadyeva L.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

An obvious trend in domestic and foreign aquaculture in recent years is usage of biologically active substances of various mechanisms of action. It was clearly demonstrated that such biologically active substances as adaptogens, probiotics, vitamins, amino acids have a positive effect on the fish organism, increasing economic parameters of the industry. In particular, usage of "Irkutin" adaptogen in early ontogenesis of fish increased survivability of larvae during transition to exogenous nutrition, survivability of the fry, growth rate, endurance and it also reduced the level of cannibalism and stress. Therefore, the search for new substances with the properties of adaptogens for fish farming is of great importance. There is reason to believe that "cytrimin" can become such new substance. "Cytrimin" is a complex of tris-(2-hydroxyethyl) amine with zinc bis-(2-methylphenoxyacetate) and has the formula: (HOCH2CH2)3N Zn(OOCCH2OC6H4CH3-2)2. A study of the spectrum of physiological activity of "cytrimin" (one of the representatives of protatrans) showed that it protects blood vessels from formation of cholesterol plaques, it is also an antidote to alcohol and can increase performance, claiming to be an adaptogen. So far, "cytrimin" has not been used in fish farming. The aim of the work was to study the effect of "cytrimin" on parameters of blood system, in particular, on the structure of leukocyte formula of the African sharptooth catfish. It was found that there were no significant changes in the content of the total number of leukocytes in the blood of African catfish in case of "cytrimin" application, however, a redistribution of functionally different groups of cells in the leukogram of the African catfish was revealed. This redistribution was expressed in a slight decrease in the proportion of lymphocytes with a significant increase in the proportion of segmented neutrophils and monocytes within the physiological norm.
RESEARCH OF A VIBRATORY ROLLER IN FIELD CONDITIONS
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Proshkin V.E. , Kurdyumov V.I. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Sharonov I.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Zykin E.S. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

Post-sowing rolling is an essential operation for a good harvest, since it ensures fulfilment of basic agro-technical requirements such as soil density and structure. It should be noted that presently used soil-cultivating rollers do not ensure the fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements and, in addition, have a high specific metal content - more than 300 kg/m. Taking into account these disadvantages, a new design of the vibratory roller was developed, the metal consumption of which is 70 kg/m, which is significantly lower than the existing analogues. Moreover, it provides high-quality tillage due to vibration, and the tillage meets the basic agricultural requirements. As a result of studies of the vibratory roller on barley crops, it was revealed that the density of the soil corresponded to agrotechnical requirements and varied from 1182 kg/m3 to 1230 kg/m3, in contrast to KKZ-6, its density varied from 1098 kg/m3 to 1412 kg/m3. The studies of the structural composition of the soil showed that there were no lumps larger than 50 mm after passage of the vibratory roller, as far as KKZ-6 is concerned, there were, on average, from 10% to 20% of lumps that did not meet the agricultural requirements. As a result of high-quality tillage with a vibratory roller, it was possible to reduce the cost of fuel and lubricants as a result of weight decrease per 1 m of the working width in comparison with KKZ-6, (which was 270 kg/m), in addition it allowed to increase the yield of barley by an average of 35.7%.
EFFICIENCY OF ZEOLITE-BASED FERTILIZERS IN SOYBEAN CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE VOLGA REGION
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Kulikova A. Kh. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Zakharov N. G. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Khairtdinova N. A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The article presents results of the studies on effectiveness of zeolite application, both in pure form and enriched with amino acids and carbamide, in soybean cultivation technology of USKHI-6 variety on leached lack soil in the conditions of the Middle Volga region. Calculations of correlation coefficient of dependence of the leaf surface area and the accumulation of nodules on soybean roots showed that the closest relation between the traits is observed in the budding - flowering phase. It was noted that in the phases of germination and trifoliate leaves, the area of the leaf surface practically did not differ among the variants of the experiment. As far as subsequent phases of development (budding, flowering, seed filling) is concerned, the leaf area increased in the variants with zeolite application both in pure form and enriched with amino acids and carbamide compared with the control. For example, the leaf surface area increased by 10.1-11.5 thousand m2/ha in the variants with introduction of zeolite enriched with carbamide at a dose of 250 and 500 kg/ha, and by 16.3-17.2 thousand m2/ha in case of NPK application compared with the control. It influenced the crop yields. The application of pure zeolite contributed to an increase of soybean grain yield by 0.21-0.29 t/ha, whereas introduction of zeolite enriched with amino acids and carbamide as a fertilizer increased yield by 0.42-0.60 t/ha with improved product quality. The introduction of zeolite and fertilizers based on it into the soil led to a significant improvement of product quality: the amount of protein and fat increased in the grain. At the same time, these fertilizers had a greater impact on the protein content. Soybean cultivation using zeolite and fertilizers based on it is economically feasible: the highest conditional net income was observed in the variant with introduction of azophoska and zeolite enriched with carbamide at a dose of 250 kg/ha, which amounted to 66195 rubles/ha at a cost of 11200 t/rubles.
COMPARATIVE EFFICIENCY OF INTENSIVE AND BIOLOGIZED CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FORMATION OF PRODUCTIVE MOISTURE RESERVES UNDER CROPS AND PEA YIELD
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Kulikova A.Kh. , Saydyasheva G.V. ,   Samara Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture named after N.S. Nemtsev, Laschenkov A.N. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The work was carried out in 2019–2021 in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region on leached heavy loamy black soil with a content of humus of 6.27%, 235–291 mg/kg of available phosphorus, 95–138 mg/kg of exchangeable potassiumin the arable layer, with a sum of absorbed bases of 39.7–42.2 mg-eq/100 g, pHkcl close to neutral (6.2 units). Crop rotation was seven-field grain-grass with the following alternation of crops: 1) pea - 2) winter wheat - intermediate sowing (mustard) - 3) winter wheat - 4) barley + perennial grasses - 5) perennial grasses 1 year– 6) perennial grasses 2 year– 7) spring wheat. The experiment was repeated three times, the placement of plots was systematic. The intensive technology included usage of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers, the treatment of crops with herbicides, usage of fungicides and insecticides, fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers and growth stimulators. As far asbiologized cultivation technology is concerned, all chemical agents were replaced by biological ones (fertilizers, plant protection). The research results showed that the technologies studied in the experiment had an unequal effect on soil properties, as well as on formation of productive moisture reserves in the arable layer of leached black soil. The yield of peain case ofbiologized cultivation technology over the years of research was at the level of 2.08 t/ha, which practically does not differ from the variant with intensive technology (2.17 t/ha): the difference between them was not significant. Cultivation of peas using biologized technology is the most cost-effective. Concurrently, the cost of grain varied from 4,563 to 5,705 rubles/ha, the profit per 1 ha was 10,307–13,754 rubles/ha, the profitability of production was 81–119% (average over 3 years, 105%), while it was 21-83% (average 57%)for intensive technology.
THE ROLE OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS (STRAW, GREEN MANURE, CROP-ROOT REMAINS) IN HUMUS REPRODUCTION AND PRESERVATION IN THE SOIL
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Kulikova A.Kh. , Yashin E.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Cherkasov E.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Volkova E.S. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The paper presents results of thestudies on assessment of the role of organic substances created in crop rotation agrocenoses and used as fertilizer for agricultural crops (straw, green manure, crop- root residues). The studies were carried out in a five-field grain crop rotation with alternation: vetch-oat mixture as a green manure crop - winter wheat - millet - spring wheat - barley. The scheme of the experiment consisted of six variants with application of organic, organo-mineral and mineral fertilizers: 1. Control (green manure); 2. Straw of the forecrop; 3.Straw of the forecrop+ 10 kg of nitrogen (urea) per 1 ton of straw; 4.Straw of the forecrop+ Biocomposite-correctbiological preparation; 5.Biocomposite-correctbiopreparation; 6. NPK (doses of fertilizers for the planned yield of winter wheat 4.5 t/ha, millet 4.0 t/ha, spring wheat 4.0 t/ha, barley 4.0 t/ha). It was found that usage of straw as an organic fertilizer contributes to an increase of crop yields in the first year of application. Its effectiveness is greatly increased in combination with a nitrogen supplement and a biological product: the increase of grain yield was (depending on crops) from 0.19 to 0.51 t/ha. The amount of organic matter entering the soil per 1 hectare of crop rotation area in case of combined usage of green manure, straw and crop-root residues was 2 times higher than the control variant (green manure). Complete reproduction and preservation of humus content is possible in case of combined usage of green manure, straw, crop- root residues and biological preparations as organic fertilizers in order to improve the conditions of their decomposition.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT PREPARATIONS ON SOWING QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT SEEDS
Authors:   Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science - a separate structural subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science ", Minikaev D.T. ,   Federal Research Center",   Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences ", Prishchepenko E.A. ,   Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science - a separate structural subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "Federal Research Center" Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences ", Gazizov R.R. ,   Tatar Research Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science - a separate structural subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "Federal Research Center" Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences "
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the effect of pre-sowing treatment with various preparations on germination, growth and development of spring wheat. Spring wheat seeds were pre-soaked for 24 hours in Biohumus liquid organomineral fertilizer and Chlorella Suspension growth stimulator, presowing treatment was also carried out with agromineral fertilizers - zeolite from the Tatarsko-Shatrashanskiy deposit and tripoli from Kaluga region. The experiments were conducted in laboratory conditions in vessels and rolls. An increase of germination energy and seed germination was noted in rolls, when seeds were soaked in biohumus and treated with zeolite - 45 and 22% higher than in the control. The maximum values of plant height were observed in the variant with zeolite - 9% higher than the control. The number of roots increased by 22%, their length in the variant with biohumus was, on average, 20% more than the control values. The coleoptile length was at the same level in all variants. The maximum germination in vessels was obtained in the variant with soaking seeds in chlorella suspension - 92%, which is 9.52% more than the control variant. The maximum plant height was observed in the variant with biohumus - 7% more than the control, the largest root length - in the variant with seed treatment with tripoli - 6% more than the control, and the largest number of roots in the variant with chlorella suspension and zeolite - 9% more than in the control variant.
PROGRAMMING OF YIELD OF GRAIN CROPS AND ITS ASSURANCE IN AGRICULTURE OF ULYANOVSK REGION
Authors:   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU, Toygildin A.L. , Semenkin M.I. ,   2Ministry of Agro-Industrial Complex and Rural Development of Ulyanovsk, Toygildina I.A. ,   FSBEI HE Ulyanovsk SAU
Published: April 2023

The article substantiates productive potential of grain crops and calculations to provide durable means of production and circulating capital goods of the crop production industry of Ulyanovsk region. According to a set of parameters, the climate-provided yield of grain crops is 4.52 t/haon the territory of the Ulyanovsk region, its level is limited by soil fertility and violation of science-based agricultural technologies. In order to achieve a climate-provided yield of grain crops, it is necessary to improve the technologies for their cultivation, taking into account moisture availability, soil fertility and other factors, in particular, it is necessary to improve the quality of seed material, justify the application rates of mineral fertilizers, carry out liming of acidic soils, justify plant protection systems and a system of machines for timely execution of technological operations. There is a need to improve the system of seed production of grain crops in Ulyanovsk region: namely, to increase the share of original and elite seeds in agricultural enterprises up to 25% of the total amount, which is 33,482 tons, in order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to intensify the work of seed farms in the region. To realize the bioclimatic potential of productivity of grain crops, it is necessary to improve the application rates of mineral fertilizers. Calculations carried out on removal of nutrients show that, on average, 144.0 kg/ha should be applied in the region, which is more than 90 thousand tons of a.w. with the following structure: nitrogen - 87.1 kg/ha (60.4%) and phosphorus - 57.2 kg/ha (39.6%). There are more than 450 thousand hectares of acidic soils that need liming in the structure of cultivated agricultural land; with an average application dose of 3 t/ha, agricultural enterprises must be provided with at least 1350 thousand tons of liming material. In case ofintensificationincrease of crop production, a rise of the number of harmful organisms is inevitable, therefore, the volume of application of plant protection products should be increased to 1205.8 thousand liters at the rate of 1.8 l/ha (at the current level of development of harmful organisms and registered plant protection products). For timely implementation of technological operations for cultivation of field crops, it is necessary to continue totechnically equipagriculture.
ESG policy of Russia in the context of social and public transformations
Authors: Yakutseny S. P.
Published: April 2023

Aim. The purpose of the study is to summarize open materials on the formation of the global ESG policy, as well as to analyze these materials and develop proposals for changing the Russian ESG policy under conditions formed from outside socio-political risks.

Methodology. Legal documents on the organizational design of the ESG agenda of world politics are analyzed in detail. Market capitalizations of the world’s leading companies are compared and existing procedures for determining their success are evaluated. Applicability and usefulness of ESG management in the Russian Federation are determined.

Results. State ESG management is optimal for the Russian Federation. ESG management is implemented through an objective calculation of the utility and cost of each natural resource  of a region and a country; through determining the feasibility of the natural resource use in the current time or in the planned future; through a comparison with the efficiency of using other natural resources; through ensuring the preservation or restoration of an environment favorable for Russian citizens; and through constant open explanation to the citizens of the Russian Federation of the decisions made in the field of nature management.

Research implications. The paper shows the feasibility of using a well-developed international ESG management mechanism after necessary changes are introduced to the system of public administration of the Russian Federation.
Assessment of Permissible Phosphorus Loads on Lake Basins
Authors: Frumin G. T. , Kulinkovich A. V. , Malikov U. M.
Published: April 2023

Aim. The purpose is to assess allowable phosphorus loads on lake basins.

Methodology. For 18 large lakes located in Russia, Sweden, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, and Estonia, we estimate values of allowable phosphorus loads, allowing them to remain in an oligotrophic status. The considered lakes significantly differ in water surface areas (by 121.2 times), volume (by 1197.4 times) and average depth (by 63 times). For calculations, the method of P. A. Lozovik, the distinctive feature of which, compared with the traditionally used methods of Follenweider and Follenweider and Dillon, is that it comprehensively takes into account not only the morphometric (average depth, surface area) and hydrological (time of complete water exchange) characteristics of a water body, but also its assimilation (self-cleaning) ability in relation to phosphorus compounds. For the convenience of calculations, we used our program “Program for calculating the allowable phosphorus loads on freshwater lakes”1.

Results. In a number of cases, the lack of initial hydrological data, especially on water runoff from lakes, does not allow the wide use of P. A. Lozovik’s method. Taking into account that the lake and its watershed are a single natural system, a hypothesis is formulated about the possible existence of a quantitative relationship between the values of permissible phosphorus loads on lakes and the areas of their watersheds. On the example of 18 large lakes, a statistically significant relationship was established between the natural logarithms of the allowable phosphorus loads on these lakes and their catchment areas. The revealed relationship is adequate, characterized by a high closeness of the relationship between the variables on the Chaddock scale and is suitable for predicting the allowable phosphorus loads on lakes and reservoirs. Approximate values of permissible phosphorus loads on three large lakes of the Vologda region and eight large lakes of the Murmansk region were calculated.

Research implications. The revealed quantitative ratios allow environmental authorities and specialists to improve the efficiency and reliability of decisions made on the required level of deeutrophication of the lakes under consideration by reducing the anthropogenic phosphorus load with runoff from point and diffuse sources.
Land use of post-mining sites: Japan’s experience and lessons for Russia
Authors: Litvinenko T. V. , Wada Yoshihiko
Published: April 2023

Aim. The purpose of this study is to identify local features and differences in the usage of mining heritage in Japan and their determining factors.

Methodology. Use is made of the implication of comparative geographical and expeditionary research methods to identify and compare the usage of former mining sites in Kamaishi and Asio. Results. Uses of former resource extraction sites such as establishment of mine museums, tourism development, and organization of ecological and educational activities are revealed in Kamaishi (Iwate Prefecture) and Ashio (Tochigi Prefecture). The location of the object and its history as well as the interests of the company and local communities determine the specifics of options in using and preserving the mining heritage. The conclusion is made about possibilities of the Japanese experience application in densely populated territories of Russia with good transport accessibility. But there are usage limitations of such an experience in poorly developed and remote areas in the north and east of the country.

Research implications. The research results deepen the understanding of the diversity of mining heritage usage in all over the world and clarify the factors affecting local specifics. The practical significance lies in the application of Japan’s experience for organization of tourist and museum activities in the areas of former mining sites in Russia and other countries.
STYKHYRY BEFORE CHRISTMAS IN ILLINA'S BOOK: OBJECTS OF SYMBOLIZATION
Authors: Dzhydzhora Ye. V.
Published: April 2023

The article examines the hymnographic monument of the early Slavic literary Middle Ages - Stykhyry before Christmas, which are contained in the Illina's Book. Jesus Christ is the main object of worship in the Christmas alphabet Stykhyry. Another object of symbolization is the scraper couple (Jesus Christ and the Virgin Mary). The third object is the event of the birth of the Liberator of the world. In Stykhyry before Christmas, the literary symbolization of these objects is actively unfolding in all three directions. At the same time, in each direction the symbolization appears not homogeneous, but multifaceted. In the direction of establishing complicity in the phenomenon, three objects fall under the symbolism at once, which is rather an exception than the norm even in the "godly-virgin" hymnography, where the Son of God and the Virgin Mary are usually celebrated together. Images of Christ, the sacred couple, and the event of the Savior's birth are mostly represented by figurative universals with a wide (blossoming scepter) or fixed (unburned bush, seedless fruit, door, etc.) range of hymnographic applications. And in the direction of establishing communion with God, the emphasis is on a special form of interaction between the three incarnations of the Holy Trinity. This form is the manifestation of the gracious all-conquering power - the divine energy that overcomes the devilish realm of sin and liberates man.
PARATEXTUAL ELEMENTS IN NOVEL BY PETRO KRALIUK«SIX DAYS, OR THE CROWN OF THE OSTROZKY HOUSE»
Authors: Chmyr A. V.
Published: April 2023

The article deals with this type of transtextuality as paratextuality in the novel «Six Days, or The Crown of the Ostrozky House» by the modern Ukrainian historical writer Petro Kraliuk. It has been established that both literary critics and linguists have paid attention to the study of paratext. It has been found that paratextual elements (title, epigraph, subtitle, preface, afterword) become a threshold for the reader to the main text. The meaning of the double title in the novel (two semantic centers – the Six Days and the Crown) was considered. Emphasis is placed on the role of dedication to Igor Pasichnyk in the work (thanks for the idea of ​​writing and reflection on the possibility of understanding history). Attention was paid to each chapter of the novel (6 in all), because they have titles (a certain color and topos) that reveal the meaning of what is happening in them. The key significance of coloristics in the art world «Six Days» («Green color. Tours», «Gray color. Kyiv», «Black color. Warsaw», «Yellow color. Derman», «Yellow color. Derman», «Red color. Dubno», «Gold color» is traced). Jail »). It is established what role the crown plays in the work, what is the connection between the crown and the title of the novel. The protagonist leaves behind not only material heritage, but also spiritual (printing and education), which is of paramount importance for his descendants. The paratextual level of «Six Days» is connected with the author's vision of his concept of history, which is revealed thanks to the figure of Prince Vasyl-Konstantin Ostrozky.