bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Candidiasis and Associated Site of Infection among HIV Patients Attending Federal Medical Center, Azare
Authors: Auwal Magaji  , Ibrahim Musa Moi
Published: September 2022

Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are at the greatest risk of being infected with various opportunistic infections, as their immune systems become so weak to fight against the infectious agents. Candida species are among the commonest opportunistic pathogens affecting people with weakened immune systems. Candidiasis remains the major challenge of public health important to the HIV patients. There is scarcity of information regarding the impact of Candidiasis in public health in Northeastern part of Nigeria, especially Bauchi State. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Candidiasis and the associated site of infection in the HIV patients. Clinical samples such as blood, urine, sputum and oral swab were collected from 300 HIV patients attending Federal Medical Center Azare, Bauchi State. The pathogens were isolated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and identified using Corn meal agar, Germ tube test, ChromagarCandida, Gram staining and Lactophenol cotton blue. Four Candida species were isolated among which Candida albican (51%) was the most prevalent followed by Candida glabrata (12%). The isolates colonized the oral cavity of 51.11% of the patients making oral candidiasis most common among the patients. The oral candidiasis is the most troublesome form of candidiasis among HIV patients, and has been caused mostly by Candida albican.
Effect Of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Telfairia occidentalis on 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Induced Anaemic Rats
Authors: Suleiman, Z.A.  , Salahuddeen, Y.  , Sabiu, U.A.
Published: September 2022

Anaemia constitutes a serious health problem in many tropical countries including Nigeria because of the high prevalence of malaria and other parasitic infections which possibly leads to a decrease in hemoglobin. Fluted pumpkin has been reported to be very good in building the constituents of the blood and also replacing them. This study investigated the effects of the methanolic leaves extract of fluted pumpkin on some hematological parameters in 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine-induced anaemic rats. Thirty Wister rats of both sexes were separated into five groups of six rats each. Group 1 serves as normal control, while groups 2-5 were induced with anaemia using 40mg/kg body weight of 2,4- dinitrophenylhydrazine. Group 2 serves as the negative control without treatment, group 3 were given 20 mg/kg (b.w) of standard hematinic drug astymin, and group 4 and 5 were administered with 200 and 400 mg/kg w/w methanolic leaves extract of Telfairia occidentals respectively. All rats were fed with grower’s mash and water ad libitum for 21 days. The rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for hematological analysis. All analysis was done using standard methods. The result of this study demonstrated that oral administration of 200 mg/kg and 400mg/kg of the extract increased the haematological parameters under investigation. A significant (p<0.05) increase in haematinic activity was observed in group 3 and 5,   and it was concluded that methanolic leaves extract of fluted pumpkin could be effective in ameliorating anaemia.
Detection of Urinary schistosomiasis, the associated risk factors, and its impact on blood parameters among Almajiris in two selected rural communities of Kaduna State
Authors: Balla, H.J.  , Inabo, H.I.  , Olonitola, S.O.
Published: September 2022

Abstract

This study aimed to detect the presence of urinary schistosomiasis, the associated risk factors and its impact on blood parameters among Almajiris in two selected rural communities of Kaduna State. Urine samples were collected from 193 Almajiri subjects and processed by sedimentation method and examined under the microscope. Blood samples were also collected from the subjects and processed using SWELAB auto analyser for full blood count. A well-structured knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire was administered to the subjects and used to obtain demographic and other associated risk factors. The overall prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in the 2 study areas was 16.1%. Bomo recorded 17.5% while Rafin Guza recorded 22.9% prevalence respectively. Subjects in the age-group 11-16 years had a higher prevalence of 33% (p<0.05). Among the risks factors assessed, subjects that visit the stream for swimming and used well water recorded a higher prevalence of (33.7%) and (17.2%) respectively (p<0.05). Awareness about the disease revealed higher prevalence (p<0.05). Prevalence of the infection among the subjects was also found to be significantly associated with White blood cell (WBC) count, Lymphocyte and monocyte count (p<0.05). The present study identified the study areas to represent moderate–risk community for urinary schistosomiasis. The study advocates the use of mass treatment with Praziquantel to help in reducing the infection level and help to control transmission of the disease.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) on Malaria Prevention and Treatment among Residents in Dutse, Jigawa State Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad R. H. , Chiroma A. A.
Published: September 2022

Overcoming the menace of a disease is achieved through proper prevention and treatment, therefore, this study was carried out assess the knowledge, attitude and practices on prevention and treatment on malaria among residents in Dutse town. Three hundred (300) structured questionnaires were administered to obtain data on demographic characteristics, basic knowledge on malaria and practices on prevention and treatment. The respondents were within the age range of 16-55 years. 136 (45.0%) were males and 164 (54.7%) were females. All of the respondents were educated, informally 22 (7.3%), secondary (44.6%) and tertiary 96 (32%). 258 (86%) knew that malaria is caused by Plasmodium, 280 (93%) are aware of malaria transmission by a female Anopheles mosquito 172 (57.3%), 146 (48.7%) of the respondents come down with malaria 2-3 times a year while 23 (15.3%) have malaria >5 times a year.112 (37.3%) believed rainfall is responsible for high prevalence of malaria, 86(28.7%) thought dirt is responsible while 66(22%) thought stress is responsible and 36(12%) thought is resistance. Majority of the respondents 97(32.3%) used mosquito coil and ensured cleanliness to prevent malaria,73 (22.3%) spray with aerosol and cleanliness, 38 (12.7%) use fan and 8 (2.7%) use chemoprophylaxis to prevent malaria using Fansider 4 (50%) and Chloroquine 4 (50%). Most of the respondents 188 (62.8%) go to the hospital when they are sick, 94 (31.3%) go to chemist and 20 (6.7%) used herbs, some of which are 6 (30%) neem leaves while 14 (70%) use Artemisinin annua (rai daure). Treatment of malariaamong the respondents is done with ACT by 154 (51.3%), 106 (35.3%) use combo of ACT and Fansider while 40 (13.3%) use chloroquine. Majority of the respondents 284 (94.7%) buy the drug while 16 (5.3%) get them free. Only 154 (51.3%) completes their drug dosage and 174 (58%) know that dosage noncompliance can cause resistance. Prevention and treatment methods employed by the respondent may not translate to malariaelimination. Therefore, continual sensitization and improvement in treatment cannot be over emphasized. Keywords: AttitudeKnowledge,Malaria, PreventionTreatment and Dutse
Analysis of the quality of service in the directorate of administration of the national police of Peru
Authors: Morillo Pereda Sherley Catherine , Huarac Quispe Yohnny , Chavez Solano Delfor Angel , Quispe Vidalon Daniel
Published: September 2022

This research aims to determine the quality of service in the Directorate of Administration of the National Police of Peru. This study corresponds to the proactive descriptive type, not the experimental one. In the answers of the users, the dimension of empathy is the lowest with 3.16, while the highest dimension is that of tangible elements with 3.73, applying a survey of 150 users. The conclusion is that the quality of service of the administrative direction of the National Police of Peru is regular, and the dimensions that must be reinforced are empathy and trust.
Impact of Corporate Governance on Accounting Standards’ Compliance in Nigerian Public Institutions
Authors: Omimakinde J A , Adejuwon J A
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Compliance with International Public Sector Accounting standards have been proved to improve the quality of financial reporting in both private and public sector. This study is an attempt to answer the question whether corporate governance have any influence on compliance of public sector entities with accounting standards (IPSASs).

Methodology: Descriptive research and survey method of data collection was employed to collect primary data from relevant respondents using questionnaire as an instrument. Four hundred (400) questionnaires were distributed to senior level officers in Finance and Accounts, Internal Audit, and Procurement departments of twenty seven (27) government institutions which were purposefully selected out of a total a total of one hundred and twenty (120) from the south west geo political zone of the country because of proximity. Fifteen (15) respondents were selected from each institution covered except in five which was limited to fourteen (14) due to number of senior level officers in the selected department.  Only 92.5% of the questionnaires distributed were returned as validly completed.

Findings: Findings revealed that the level compliance with IPSASs is high at 67%, which has very positive significant effect on the quality of financial reporting.

Recommendation: It was concluded that compliance with IPSASs improve quality of Financial reporting and thus recommended that to improve the quality of financial reporting, the quality of corporate governance should be improved upon since this have direct positive effect on the quality of financial reporting in the sector
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING LISTED FIRM’S PERFORMANCE: A CASE OF DAR ES SALAAM STOCK EXCHANGE (DSE) AND NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE (NSE)
Authors: Mnyawi Stephen P , Chusi Tafuteni , Baruti Mawazo H
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This paper analyses the factors influencing the performance of an organization. The study attempted to examine factors like; board size, board composition, CEO duality, Firm size, Leverage, and firm age as independent variables and Tobin Q and ROA as dependent variables.

Methodology: The study used a quantitative research approach and applied secondary data collected from annual reports. Using the ordinary least square Regression method, the study analyzed 39 non-financial firms listed at Dar Es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE) and Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) for the period from 2016 through 2020. For the data analysis computer software, STATA was used to evaluate the factors influencing listed firms’ performance.

Findings: The findings of the study revealed that the board size is positive but insignificantly correlated to return on assets. However, the board size is positive and significantly correlated to Tobin Q. The study also found out that the board structure (CEO Duality) had a significant positive impact on the performance of firms. In addition, the firm size and leverage had a significant negative impact on the performance of the firms. The study revealed that there is a significant impact in both countries as measured using both ROA and TOB. However, the correlation was negative for Tanzania and positive for Kenya.

Recommendations: The study recommended that firms must keep their board sizes within the limit of 5 to 8 but more analysis should be done to come up with an optimal size. It was also recommended that the responsibility of stock marketers to firm performance should be re-affirmed.
3PL Relationship Management Practices as a Cost Reduction Tool in the Supply Chain: A Case of Stellar Logistics
Authors: Baidoo-Baiden Soffia Aba
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the nature of the 3PL relationship as a tool for cost reduction at Stellar Logistics Limited. It also examined the challenges affecting the effectiveness of the 3PL relationship.

Methodology: A quantitative research approach was utilised to measure and analyse the data descriptively. Structured questionnaires and interviews were conducted to elicit data from the supply chain exerts at Stellar Logistics Company Limited. Data analysis was done based on 30 cases and at the firm level in terms of a unit of analysis. 3PL relationship management is the key tool that links all members of the supply chain at Stellar Logistics.

Findings: The study proves management members of Stellar Logistics are aware effective 3PL relationship management leads to mutual trust and confidence in the company and are also aware that commitment is a key factor in creating a stable third-party relationship. Selection and evaluation are crucial in achieving valuable partnerships in the 3PL relationship process as it has the highest response rate in the company. The relationship system at Stellar Logistics requires creating a win/win for 3PL contracting parties. Improper record management makes it difficult to keep track of all shipments at the company. There is a lack of collaboration between the shippers, carriers, and the end customers of the company which affects 3PL relationship management at the company. Finally, unforeseen delays affect the delivery of goods to customers at the company.

Recommendations: Stellar Company can help resolve its 3PL relationship problems by setting clear expectations. Again, Stellar Logistics must establish single points of contact. The study also recommend that the company must measure performance in order to salvage its 3PL relationship challenges. Stellar logistics must also involve their 3PL provider in long-term planning.
A comparison of cross sections for Selenium -73 radioisotopes produced by accelerators and reactors
Authors: Abdulredha Mohammed A. , Naje Nawal F. , Amer Ekhlas Jawad
Published: September 2022

Background: Selenium-73 with half- life of 7.15 hour emits β+ in nature and has six stable isotopes which are ( 74Se,76Se,77Se,78Se,80Se and 82Se ). Selenium-73 has many applications in technology and radioselenium compounds of metallic have found various applications in medicine.
Objective:  To make a comparison between different reactions that produced cross sections of Se-73 radioisotopes.
Subjects and methods: The feasibility of the production of Selenium -73 via various nuclear reactions was investigated. Excitation functions of 73Se production by the reactions of 75As (p,3n), 169Tm( d,x), 74Se, natSe, natBr (p,x) , 75As (d,4n), natGe (3He,x), 70Ge (α, n), and 72Ge (α, 3n) and neutron capture were calculated using the available data in the international libraries in accordance with  SRIM code . Theoretical calculations of the thick target integral yields were deduced using the calculated cross sections by using Matlab program
Results: When proton induced reaction on 75As, 74Se, natSe and natBr  to obtain 73Se, the reaction 75As(p,3n)  with range of energy (22.5 to 45.5 MeV) and the maximum cross section is 315 mb at 36.5 MeV gives maximum yield (2*106  GBq/C).while  for the reaction 75As (d,4n) 73Se with range of energy (25 to 56 MeV) , and maximum cross sections is 30 mb at 43MeV gives (0.085*106  GBq/C).
The three reactions natGe (3He,x) , 70Ge (α,n)  and 72Ge (α,3n) show that the best reaction to obtain 73Se is 72Ge (α,3n) within the range of energy (27 to 46 MeV) and maximum cross sections 494 mb at 42MeV  give the maximum yield (0.03*106  GBq/C).
Conclusion: the use of proton as projectile is best compared with other particles in order to get maximum isotopes production yield of 73Se.
Automated breast ultrasound: A comparison study with handheld ultrasound in detection and characterization of lesions in mammographically dense breast
Authors: Ahmed Saja Ali , Joori Salam M.
Published: September 2022

Background: Although mammography is a powerful screening tool in detection of early breast cancer, it is imperfect, particularly for women with dense breast, which have a higher risk to develop cancer and decrease the sensitivity of mammogram, Automated breast ultrasound is a recently introduced ultrasonography technique, developed with the purpose to standardize breast ultrasonography and overcome some limitations of handheld ultrasound, this study aims to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of Automated breast ultrasound and compare it with handheld ultrasound in the detection and characterization of breast lesions in women with dense breasts.
Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of Automated breast ultrasound and compare it with hand held ultrasound in detection and characterization of breast lesions in women with dense breast.
Subjects and Methods: A prospective observational study conducted at Oncology Teaching Hospital during the period of ten months from 1st of February till 1st of December 2020.  Included 62 women with dense breasts on diagnostic mammograms. All women underwent technician performed automated breast ultrasound and radiologist performed handheld ultrasound for both breasts. All suspicious lesions with selected probably benign lesions underwent biopsy, handheld ultrasound detected 48 masses (67.6%), 15 of them (21.1%) were cystic, automated breast ultrasound detected 54 masses (76.1%); 20 of them (28.2%) were cystic. The sensitivity of handheld ultrasound was=87.5%, Specificity=58.8%, the sensitivity of automated breast ultrasound was=93.8%, Specificity=70.6%.
Conclusion: Automated breast ultrasound is an effective modality to detect occult breast lesion in women with dense breasts, automated breast ultrasound and handheld ultrasound have a reliable agreement in detection and characterization of breast lesions with higher accuracy of automated breast ultrasound in the evaluation of malignant lesions.
Cervical Pain Related to Position of the Neck during E-Learning
Authors: Al- Edanni Mohammed Sh. , Ghanim Mustafa Saad , Abdul Kareem Abdul Kareem Tariq , Ibrahim Hamza Abdulsalam , Naji Abdul-Jabbar Abdullah
Published: September 2022

Background: During the pandemic, Corona virus forced many people, especially students, to spend more time than before on the computer and smartphone to study and communicate. The poor posture of the body may have worse effect on its body parts , most of which is the cervical spine (forward head posture).
Objective: To assess the incidence of neck pain and the associated factors among undergraduate medical students related to position during E learning
Subjects and Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students in three Iraqi universities during 2021. The sample size was 152. Online questionnaire by Google forms sampling method were used to collect the data which was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: The percentage of students who suffered cervical pain was (80.3%) of the 152 who participated in this study and the majority of those who suffered pain were complained from increase pain during the pandemic (72.1%). This study also showed the students recumbent on the floor 67 (44.1%) more than those who use the table and chair 62 (40.8%) during E-learning. The percentage of students who use the phone for more than 4 hours were (73.7%).

Conclusion: there is a relationship between poor posture and cervical pain during E-learning in the pandemic. Most of students were suffering from neck pain with greatest percentage were in those who student in recumbent on the floor and when using chair and table.
The Influence of Motivation, Discipline and Work Organizational Culture on the Performance of Employees of the Economic Planning Bureau at the Secretariat General of the DPR-RI.
Authors: Idris Muhammad , Sanjaya Wahyu
Published: September 2022

The study aims to determine whether motivation, discipline and organizational culture influence the performance of planning bureau employees at the Secretariat General of the DPR-RI. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The sample in this study were employees of the planning bureau at the Secretariat General of the DPR-RI. A total of 90 people. This study uses primary data. Simultaneous hypothesis testing results show that motivation, discipline, and organizational culture significantly influence the performance of planning bureau employees at the Secretariat General of the DPR-RI. Testing the partial hypothesis, the results obtained that partially work motivation has a significant influence on the performance of the Planning Bureau employees at the Secretariat General of the DPR-RI. Partially there is an influence of discipline on the performance of the Planning Bureau employees at the Secretariat General of the DPR-RI. Testing the partial hypothesis, the results show an effect of organizational culture on the performance of the Planning Bureau employees at the Secretariat General of the DPR-R
Effect of Fiscal Services and Tax Socialization on Taxpayer Compliance (Case Study of MSMEs in Palembang City)
Authors: Al Safero Ridho , Romli Harsi , Gustini Emilia
Published: September 2022

This study aims to inspect the effect of tax administration services and tax socialization on taxpayer compliance on SMEs in Palembang. The sample was selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Data for 100 respondents were collected through a questionnaire which was then analyzed using multiple linear regression. The result evinces that tax authorities' service, and tax socialization have an effect on the taxpayer compliance variable. The results of the analysis show that simultaneously the tax authorities' service variable and tax socialization have an effect on the taxpayer compliance variable. This research is expected to provide benefits for the government to pay more attention to tax authorities and tax socialization services to increase compliance with taxpayers of SMEs in Palembang City.
The Contribution of National Fisheries Policy Implementation to Economic Security Management between Kenya and Uganda
Authors: M. Masoud , P. G. Okoth , M. E. Were
Published: September 2022

The global agenda for natural resource management espouses the principle that disputes between riparian states are resolved in a peaceful manner. The management of economic security on Lake Victoria transboundary disputes between Kenya-Uganda which are about resources within the maritime zone has been negatively affected by transboundary dispute since resolutions on the same do not focus on the economic security aspect. This paper evaluates the contribution of national fisheries policy implementation to economic security management between Kenya and Uganda. Structural-functionalist, social conflict and John Burton’s conflict resolution theory guided the study. The study employed descriptive research design while purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to determine samples. Philosophically, the study contributed towards a better understanding of the transboundary disputes and their management as well as forming a basis for future research. Study findings indicated that statutory instruments regulate fishing operations or the conduct of fishing as public revenues of both Kenya and Uganda on Lake Victoria. The study recommends a robust reform in the national policies on fishery by both Kenya and Uganda to militate against the Lake Victoria transboundary dispute and bolster economic security management. The statutory instruments for fishing should be revised to provide an enabling fishing environment for fishers and fish traders.
Uhalisia wa Maudhui ya Usalama katika Fasihi ya Watoto: Mfano wa Riwaya ya Kijana Mpelelezi,Wamitila K.W (2007) Na Usiku wa Manane,Kobia J. (2010)
Authors: MBOYA ROSE NDANU , Chomba Esther , Musyoka Francis
Published: September 2022

Makala hii inachunguza uhalisia wa maudhui ya usalama katika fasihi ya watoto kwa kuchanganua riwaya ya Kijana Mpelelezi (Wamitila, 2007) na Usiku wa Manane (Kobia, 2010). Hadithi hizi za watoto zimejikita katika fasihi ya watoto. Madhumuni ya utafiti huu ni kubainisha masuala ya usalama yaliyodhihirishwa na waandishi wa riwaya za Usiku wa Manane (Kobia, 2010) na Kijana Mpelelezi (Wamitila, 2007), kueleza jinsi wahusika watoto wanaohusishwa na maudhui ya usalama wanavyosawiriwa na kutathmini uhalisia wa maudhui yanayohusu usalama na yanayonuiwa watoto kama hadhira lengwa katika riwaya za Usiku wa Manane (Kobia, 2010) na Kijana Mpelelezi (Wamitila, 2007). Nadharia za uhalisia wa kijamaa na Soshiolojia ya fasihi zilitoa msingi madhubuti kuhusu mada husika. Makala hii inathibitisha kuwa masuala ya usalama yanayobainika yanafungamana na hali ilivyo katika maisha ya jamii ya karne hii ya ishirini na moja. Vita vya kikabila na ukosefu wa usalama katika jamii vinapaswa kuondolewa na kusahaulika kabisa. Hadithi za watoto za waandishi hawa zinadhihirisha uhalisia wa maudhui ya usalama. Ni dhahiri kuwa kuna haja ya kuchukua hatua za dharura kuwafahamisha watoto kuhusu umuhimu wa amani katika taifa ili wakikua wawe na uwezo wa kueneza maridhiano baina ya jamii lugha zote.
Evaluation of the Current Status of Malaria Prevalence in the Three Senatorial Zones of Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Gboeloh LeBari Gboeloh , Elele Elele, Kingsley , Wokoma Wokoma, Okorinama , Gura Gura, Barisere
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The current status of malaria prevalence in three senatorial zones of rivers state was evaluated. There have been several intervention measures aimed at reducing the health menace of malaria in Rivers State by Government, international agencies and other stakeholders.  This study was undertaken to assess the current status of malaria in the three senatorial zones of Rivers State with the view to maintaining the current intervention measures or otherwise.

Methodology: A randomized block experimental design was used for this study. The research was divided into two (2) parts. The first part involved the production and distribution of self-structured questionnaire to the respondents to collect demographic information. The second part was laboratory examination which involved the screening of thick and thin blood films from participants to find the presence of the malaria parasite and calculate the prevalence. A total of 352 participants (110, 120 and 122 from Rivers West, Rivers Southeast and Rivers East senatorial districts respectively) seeking treatment at the zonal hospitals were recruited for the study. Venous blood samples were collected from the 352 participants and screened for the presence of malaria parasite using standard procedure while 352 copies of self-structured questionnaire were distributed to participants to collect data on some demographic characteristics.

Findings: Out of the 352 participants examined, 275(78.1%) were positive for the presence of malaria parasites. Of the 275 infected persons, 94.6%, 77.5% and 63.7% were from Rivers West, Rivers East and Rivers Southeast senatorial district respectively. There was no significance difference (P<0.05) in the prevalence between males (78.4%) and females (77.9%). Participants within the age range of 21-30years and 31-40years had the highest and least prevalence of 84.5% and 65.9% respectively. There was no significance difference (P<0.05) in prevalence between singles (76.6%) and married (79.2%) participants.  Level of education had no significance (P<0.05) impact on the prevalence of malaria among the participants. The prevalence of malaria in participants with no formal, primary, secondary and tertiary education was 74.1%, 82.4%, 74.1% and 82.7% respectively.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practices: The study revealed that malaria is still endemic in the three senatorial districts and remains a public health concern. Deliberate efforts form government and other stakeholders is needed to improve on the present preventive measures put in place especially in the area of sanitation and health orientation.
Fronteras porosas y narcotráfico: una problemática de orden transnacional entre Perú y Colombia
Authors: Monllor Montañana Lorena , Cancelado Franco Henry
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo cualitativo, denominado “Fronteras porosas y narcotráfico: una problemática de orden transnacional entre Perú y Colombia”, estableció como objetivo central analizar desde una perspectiva académica los mecanismos y estrategias que Colombia podría implementar para dar fin al narcotráfico en su frontera con Perú. Para ello, se desarrolla un análisis bibliométrico sobre la existencia de investigaciones científicas y académicas entorno a las fronteras porosas; se analizó el concepto de frontera desde su perspectiva clásica a la moderna para determinar los factores que transcurren en la frontera colombo-peruana en el ámbito del narcotráfico y, finalmente, se establecieron unas potenciales soluciones a la problemática a partir de estrategias sociales.

Este análisis permitió establecer, por un lado, la importancia de fortalecer las investigaciones académicas en torno a las fronteras porosas, ya que existe muy poca literatura científica sobre el tema. Por otro lado, se plantea la necesidad de resolver la lucha contra el narcotráfico, dejando el tradicional método utilizado de seguridad nacional y apoyando otras medidas sociales y económicas. Como conclusión, se recomienda invitar a la comunidad académica a generar nuevos debates sobre la problemática de investigación que permitan visibilizar y aportar a la construcción de soluciones.
El modelo de reforestación China, ventajas y desventajas para su aplicación en el sistema internacional
Authors: Hady Zapata Ali , Castillejo Salcedo Laura Valentina
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo tiene como propósito exponer y estudiar la experiencia china en la lucha y control frente a la deforestación, a través de los proyectos y programas de reforestación masiva que han sido aplicados en el país oriental durante las últimas décadas. Para lograr la correcta comprensión del tema se hizo necesario dividir el texto en cuatro fragmentos, el primero de ellos, en donde se expresa la situación ambiental que hoy en día enfrenta el planeta, allí resalta la deforestación como una de las problemáticas que más impacta a la degradación ambiental. Seguido a esto, en la segunda parte, se presentan los instrumentos jurídicos que han sido ideados y aplicados por los Estados para proteger el medio ambiente y limitar las actividades contaminantes. En la tercera parte se expuso un caso de estudio, como se mencionó, el chino. El cual se consolida en la actualidad como un referente en la materia ambiental, en especial en cuanto a reforestación. Es por esto que se exponen los principales programas desarrollados, como el programa forestal de los tres nórdicos Shelterbelt; el proyecto sobre forestación, investigación, planificación y desarrollo forestal en la Región Norte tres; el proyecto de protección de bosques naturales; el programa de conversión de tierras inclinadas y, finalmente, el programa Grain for Green. A partir de estos fue posible exponer los resultados favorables y las críticas que autores han realizado a este tipo de proyectos. Finalmente se realizaron las respectivas conclusiones y una serie de recomendaciones sobre si se han de aplicar dichos programas en otras latitudes, teniendo en cuenta que en diversos países ya se están empezando a aplicar modelos similares al chino.
Influencia de la globalización en la formación de grupos insurgentes y fundamentalistas
Authors: Bejarano Betancourt Eliana Sofía
Published: September 2022

La globalización es un conjunto de procesos políticos, culturales, económicos, tecnológicos y sociales, fenómeno que predomina en el sistema internacional desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Es una de las características de esto, en un proceso en constante cambio y contradicción, geo-relocalización y globalización. A pesar de que el sistema internacional se beneficia de dicho fenómeno, las consecuencias negativas de la globalización son parte del mundo del siglo XXI. Es así como se plantea la pregunta sobre ¿cómo la globalización influyó en la formación del grupo fundamentalista Talibán y los grupos insurgentes colombianos del ELN y las FARC? Con la finalidad de responder a la pregunta propuesta, este artículo de reflexión recurre a la teoría de las relaciones internacionales, la sociología y la ciencia política, artículos académicos y prensa, desde donde se confronta con los tres casos de estudio ya mencionados. Finalmente, se concluye que la influencia de la globalización sobre factores al interior de los Estados es inevitable, y es por ello que los Estados deben prever las tendencias internacionales que pueden llegar a ser un problema.
Estudio de caso Mamérita Mestanza (MM) contra Perú
Authors: Ramírez Figueredo Sergio Andrés , Segovia Prieto Héctor Nicolás
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo analiza la vulneración de Derechos Humanos por esterilizaciones forzadas desde del caso de Mamérita Mestanza, mujer indígena fallecida durante un procedimiento quirúrgico invasivo; hechos propiciados en el marco del Programa Nacional de Planificación Familiar-PNPF diseñado por la administración del exmandatario peruano Alberto Fujimori (1990-2000). El caso de Mamérita Mestanza por esterilización forzada sería expuesto y elevado por diferentes ONG ante la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos - CIDH en 1999

El objetivo de investigación pretende determinar desde el proceso jurídico entre la CIDH y el Estado peruano, el funcionamiento del amparo estructural de los Derechos y litigio estratégico como instrumentos especiales del litigio, con capacidad de ejercer medidas restaurativas de los derechos vulnerados contra las comunidades, así como en procura de transformar la arquitectura administrativa de un Estado para garantizar la no repetición de tales eventos. También se analiza la solución amistosa indicada por la CIDH al Estado peruano, para que este último conciliase con las víctimas por esterilizaciones forzadas entre 1995 y 2000

Lo anterior, si bien ha generado herramientas transformadoras en la institucionalidad peruana, como el Registro de Víctimas de Esterilizaciones Forzadas - REVIESFO, afronta retos y vacíos por cubrir en la atención de víctimas, presentándose aún dificultades conceptuales y técnicas para su identificación, pese a la paulatina mejora de dichos temas.
Sarcopenia, myosteatosis and frailty in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Kyselová Denisa , Míková Irena , Trunečka Pavel
Published: September 2022

Skeletal muscles are the biggest tissue in healthy people (30–40% of total body mass) and they comprise three quarters of total body proteins. Muscle alterations, especially muscle wasting and loss of muscle function, have an indisputable prognostic value in the outcome of chronic diseases, including chronic liver diseases. Muscle wasting is associated with higher morbidity, mortality and poor quality of life. The terms sarcopenia and myosteatosis are used to describe specific muscle alterations, both forming substantial components of multidimensional construct “frailty syndrome”. Sarcopenia is defined as loss of muscle mass and/or loss of muscle function. It is usually dia­gnosed using the skeletal muscle index from computed tomography (CT) image analysis at the L3 vertebra. Myosteatosis is defined as an excess intramyocelullar and intermyocellular fat deposition. Dia­gnosis of myosteatosis is based on a measurement of skeletal muscle density by CT imaging at the L3 vertebra (skeletal muscle radiation attenuation – SM-RA). Besides muscle alterations and decreased physical performance, frailty syndrome also comprises changes of other organ systems, leading to the loss of functional reserves and higher vulnerability. Different scoring systems, such as Fried Frailty Index (FFI) or modified Liver Frailty Index (LFI) for patients with liver cirrhosis, are used to dia­gnose patients with frail phenotype. The principle of the treatment of patients with muscle alterations is therapy of liver disease (including liver transplant in advanced cirrhosis), improvement of the nutritional status, adequate physical activity and supplementation of vitamin D deficiency, if necessary. In this review, we summarize up-to-date knowledge about pathophysiology, dia­gnostic tools and treatment options of sarcopenia, myosteatosis and frailty syndrome in patients with liver cirrhosis. Key words: sarcopenia – myosteatosis – frailty syndrome – liver cirrhosis
Pelvic floor disorders of women from the point of coloproctologist‘s view
Authors: Berková Alena , Vlček Petr , Červeňák Vladimír , Dolina Jiří , Vystrčilová Tamara , Hemmelová Beata , Chovanec Zdeněk
Published: September 2022

Summary: Disorders of the pelvic floor and anorectal dysfunction are a major cause of discomfort for many women. As a result of shyness and embarrassment, women come for medical examination after a longer period of difficulties, mostly for progressive disorder of defecation and continence. Despite the low morbidity, anorectal dysfunctions have a very significant impact on patient’s quality of life and therefore dia­gnosis and subsequent treatment should be aimed at every possible cause. Gastroenterological examination can play an important part In primary detection, but also in the multidisciplinary dia­gnostic process of pelvic floor pathology. Likewise, coloproctology is an integral part of the dia­gnostic-therapeutic algorithm of pelvic dysfunctions. The aim of the article is to provide information on the pathophysiology, dia­gnosis and treatment of anorectal disorders from the perspective of coloproctology. Anorectal dysfunctions are a multidisciplinary problem, therefore, to achieve good treatment results, the cooperation of different specializations is essential. Key words: anorectal dysfunction – defecation – prolapse – rectocele – incontinence – rectopexy
PENGARUH SHARIA COMPLIANCE DAN ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KESEHATAN FINANSIAL PERBANKAN SYARIAH
Authors: Hidayah Rini , Hidayah Nur , Purnomo Djauhar Edi
Published: September 2022

The  purpose  of  this  study  is to examine the effect of sharia compliance and Islamic corporate governance on the financial health of Islamic banking in 2013-2018. The population of this study is Sharia Banking that registered at Bank Indonesia (BI) and Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). The sample selection used the purposive sampling method, obtained 42 unit of analysis. The analized method used is multiple linier regression The result of this research indicate Islamic income and Islamic investment partially have a significant effect on the financial health of Islamic banking in the same period. Whereas profit sharing financing, zakat ratio, implementation of the duties and responsibilities of the sharia supervisory board, implementation of the duties and responsibilities of board directors, implementation of the internal audit functions and the application of an external audit functions have no significant effect on the financial health of the sharia banking in the 2013 to 2018 period.

 

Keywords: Sharia Compliance, Islamic Corporate Governance, Financial Health, Sharia Banking.
PENGARUH SHARIA COMPLIANCE, ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, CAR, DAN ZAKAT TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK UMUM SYARIAH
Authors: Hudaya Fadli , Kumalasari Ayu , Imtikhanah Sobrotul
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to examine the effect of Sharia Compliance, Islamic Corporate Governance, Capital Adequacy Ratio and zakat on financial performance at Islamic Commercial Banks. The independent variable used was Sharia Compliance, proxied by Islamic Income Ratio, Profit Sharing Ratio, Islamic Investment Ratio, Islamic Corporate Governance, Capital Adequacy Ratio and zakat. The dependent variable used in this study was financial performance as proxied by Return On Assset (ROA) in Islamic Commercial Banks. This research was a quantitative study using SPSS version 21 and Microsoft Excel. This study used a population of 14 Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia in 2015-2018, so that the total sample is 32. The data analysis technique used in this study was multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the result of this study, the Islamic Income Ratio, Profit Sharing Ratio, Islamic Investment Ratio, Islamic Corporate Governance, Capital Adequacy Ratio and zakat simultaneously affected the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks. Partial testing showed that the Islamic Income Ratio and Profit Sharing Ratio had a significant effect on the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks. Meanwhile, Islamic Investment Ratio, Islamic Corporate Governance, Capital Adequacy Ratio and zakat did not affect the financial performance of Islamic Commercial Banks.

Keywords: Sharia Compliance, Islamic Income Ratio, Profit Sharing Ratio, Islamic Investment Ratio, Islamic Corporate Governance, CAR, Zakat, ROA, Islamic Bank.
PENGARUH PENGALAMAN ON THE JOB TRAINING (OJT), MOTIVASI MEMASUKI DUNIA KERJA, DAN BIMBINGAN KARIER TERHADAP KESIAPAN DUNIA KERJA
Authors: Rosyadi Imam
Published: September 2022

Untuk tujuan penelitian ini adalah  Menganalisis dan memperoleh bukti empiris pengaruh Variabel Pengalaman On The Job Training (OJT) ,  Motivasi Memasuki Dunia Kerja, bimbingan karir terhadap Kesiapan Dunia Kerja . obyek pada Siswa SMK Nusa Mandiri Pemalang jurusan otomotif..  hasil penelitian Pengalaman On The Job Training (OJT), Motivasi Memasuki Dunia Kerja, dan Bimbingan Karier berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kesiapan Dunia Kerja . menggunakan analisis regresi berganda (Multiple Regression).

 

Kata Kunci : Pengalaman On The Job Training (OJT ,  Motivasi Memasuki Dunia Kerja, bimbingan karier,  terhadap Kesiapan  Dunia Kerja
An Evidence Based Clinical Study on Homoeopathic Treatment of Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Gupta Girish , Pandey Dileep
Published: September 2022

This retrospective study was done on the confirmed patients of Hepatitis B treated with homoeopathic medicines in Gaurang Clinic & Centre for Homoeopathic research, Lucknow, India. Eighteencases were found fit for the study who properly followed the treatment with regular investigations. 

Objective: 

To explore the efficacy of Homoeopathic medicines in treatment of Hepatitis-B patients. 

Material and Methods 

Eighteen diagnosed cases of Hepatitis B. 

Homoeopathic medicines prescribed as per constitution of the patient along witha few organ remedies. 

Follow up assessment was done with HBV DNA Quantitative (Viral load) test. 

Results 

Out of 18 patients,14 have shown positive response to the treatment; in 5 cases considerable reduction in viral load was observed whereas in other 9 cases, viral load came to below detection limit after treatment. Two casesremained status quo and two case did not improve.
A Case of Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency Treated with Ginkgo Biloba Q
Authors: Sabarirajan S.
Published: September 2022

Vertebrobasilar insufficiency represents inadequate blood flow through the posterior circulation of the brain, which is supplied by the two vertebral arteries that merge to form the basilar artery. The vertebrobasilar vasculature is also known as the posterior circulation and supplies areas including the brainstem, thalamus, hippocampus, cerebellum, occipital and medial temporal lobes. In this article, a case of Vertebrobasilar insufficiency treated by mother tincture is being discussed. Homoeopathy plays a significant role in such kind of cases by its holistic approach of treatment. This article guides about how a Homoeopathic mother tincture helped to complete cure of Vertebrobasilar insufficiency with the help of Ginkgo BilobaQ.
A Case of Hypothyroidism Cured by Natrum Muriaticum
Authors: Gupta Girish
Published: September 2022

A case of hypothyroidism treated by constitutional  homoeopathic medicine is presented here with  serial thyroid function test reports. It is worthwhile  mentioning here that initially she had high T3, T4 and  low TSH for which she was given Neomercazole.  Later her TSH became raised and was given Thyrocab,  Eltroxin etc. She was perturbed due to fluctuation of  her condition between hyper and hypothyroidism and  stopped all allopathic medicines. Referred by some  of her relatives she consulted us for treatment of her  ailment.
Top 10 Myths about Migraine
Authors: Desarda Rashmi
Published: September 2022

Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized  by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe.  Typically, the headaches affect one half of the head,  are pulsating in nature, and last from a few hours to  3 days. Associated symptoms may include nausea,  vomiting, and sensitivity to light, sound, or smell.
A dificuldades financeiras dos embaixadores portugueses em Roma: mecanismos de financiamento e estratégias políticas globais
Authors: Cesar da Costa Luciano
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo versa sobre as dificuldades financeiras dos embaixadores portugueses em Roma durante a Restauração Portuguesa. O objetivo é mostrar como o capital dos comerciantes portugueses pôde auxiliar o expediente diplomático português, ao mesmo tempo em que as praças ultramarinas também puderam sustentar financeiramente a Restauração Portuguesa, não apenas o financiamento da guerra em si, mas, também, o financiamento desse expediente diplomático. Para tanto, será utiliza extensa bibliografia sobre a condição financeira de Portugal, bem como documentação epistolar que mostra as diversas demandas dos agentes diplomáticos portugueses em Roma.
A HACCP study on yoghurt manufacture
Authors:   , Hoolasi Kasthurie
Published: September 2022

The increasing awareness and demand of consumers for safe and high quality food have lead many companies to undertake a comprehensive evaluation and reorganisation of their food control systems in order to improve efficiency, rationalisation of human resources and to harmonise approaches. This evaluation in food control systems has resulted towards the necessity to shift from the traditional approach that relied heavily on end-product sampling and inspection and to move towards the implementation of a preventative safety and quality approach, based on risk analysis and on the principles of the hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) system. Yoghurt is the most popular fermented milk world-wide; the estimated annual consumption in South Africa amounts to nearly 67 million litres. The aim of this study was to implement a HACCP program in a commercial yoghurt factory and then to evaluate the program during certain critical stages of the manufacturing process.
Post purchase behaviour (cognitive dissonance) amongst students at a selected higher education institution
Authors:   , Mosala Palesa Robin
Published: September 2022

According to postpurchase behaviour theory, there is a tendency for individuals to seek consistency among their cognitions (i.e., beliefs, opinions). When an inconsistency between attitudes or behaviours (dissonance) occurs, some change must be made in order to eliminate this behaviour. In the case of a discrepancy between attitudes and behaviour, it is most likely that the attitude will change to accommodate the behaviour. The objective of this study is to determine the extent of post purchase behaviour amongst tertiary students, with specific reference to the Durban University of Technology.