bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender Equity in the Elementary Classroom
Authors:   , Latta Debra
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in the frequency of teacher-initiated interactions with male and female students in a rural elementary classroom before and after training on gender equity issues. Additionally, qualitative data was used to determine if teachers would be accepting or resistive to the teacher-training program. The subjects were 6 female elementary teachers from a rural Kansas elementary school. The subjects participated in the 5 month teacher training program Gender/Ethnic/Expectations and Student Achievement (GESA, Grayson & Martin, 1990). The frequency of 10 interactions between the teacher and individual students was observed and coded during pre-training and post-training observations of each teacher. The Teacher's Self-Evaluation of Non-Biased Behavior, plus comments from feedback questionnaires and a post-training questionnaire provided qualitative self-response data. The Chi Square test was used to analyze the set of observed frequencies. The results of the totaled interactions of the pre-training observations indicated that female students received fewer interactions in 3 interaction conditions that were determined to be statistically significant. The results of the totaled interactions of the post-training observations indicated that female students received fewer interactions in one interaction condition. There were no examples of males receiving fewer interact ions for any of the coded interactions at a statistically significant level. The qualitative data supported that teachers had been accepting of the training on gender equity issues.
The Role of Personal Experiences In The Formulation of Social Attitudes of Liberalism and Conservatism.
Authors:   , Older Harry
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to discover if the following hypothesis, which was set up on the basis of clinical experience, is true. The social attitudes of an individual are as much the product of local personal incidents as of the bias of the education and training of that individual.
Shame
Authors:   , Getty Judith
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate shame. The independent variables were: age, gender, cultural background, religious preference, academic performance, alcohol status, loneliness, and self-esteem. The dependent variable was scores from the Internalized Shame Scale. The sample consisted of 61 males and 107 females. Six null hypothesis were tested employing a three way analysis of variance (general linear model) at the .0500 level. A total of 42 comparisons were made plus 16 recurring. Of the 42 comparisons, 8 were for main effects and 18 were for interactions. Of the 8 main effects, 3 were statistically significant at the .0500 level. The results indicated the following for main effects: 1. College students with high loneliness had significantly more internalized shame than those with less loneliness and those with intermediate loneliness had statistically greater internalized shame than those with low loneliness. 2. College students with low self-esteem had statistically greater internalized shame than those with high self-esteem and those with intermediate self-esteem had statistically greater internalized shame than those with high self-esteem, and 3. College students ages 24-29 had a statistically higher mean internalized shame scale score than those ages 21-23 and ages 30+ years. Of the 18 interactions, 1 was statistically significant at the .0500 level. The statistically significant interaction was for the independent variable age and cultural background for the dependent variable internalized shame. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. College students with high loneliness have more internalized shame than those with less loneliness and those with intermediate loneliness have greater internalized shame than those with less loneliness, 2. College students with low self-esteem have more internalized shame than those with high self-esteem and those with intermediate self-esteem have more internalized shame than those with high self-esteem, 3. The cultural background of students and student age should be interpreted concurrently for internalized shame, and 4. College students have low internalized shame.
A Comparison of Self-Reported and Actual Self-Presentational Behavior : Consistency and Compensation
Authors:   , Johnson Don
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the present study was to compare self reported and actual self-presentational behavior. One hundred two students from several undergraduate courses were asked to take part in two separate sessions. In session one, subjects were administered a bogus “personality inventory\. Part of this \inventory\ was the impression Management Checklist (Olson, 1987). The checklist was used to identity self-reported impression management style for \consistents\ and \impression managers\. In the second session, subjects were observed for actual self-presentation behavior. A 2x2x2.2 analysis at variance was used to analyze the data. Between subjects variables were self-presentation style, audience, and profile. The within subjects variable was item relation. A main effect for self presentation style and a three-way interaction effect tor audience by profile by item relation were obtained. The first 48 subjects participated during the spring semester, and the other 54 subjects participated during summer session. The spring semester group produced the expected results, while the summer group produced no significant effects. Differences between these groups were discussed and suggestions were made for future research.
Group Differences of Psychotics in Responses To The Wechsler-Bellvue Intelligence Test
Authors:   , Spradlin Joseph
Published: February 2023

The general problem was to investigate the extent of the differences in the responses given to the questions of the Wechsler- Bellevue Intelligence Scale by five clinical groups at the Larned State Hospital. The groups were the paranoid schizophrenic, simple schizophrenic, psychopathic, manic depressive- manic and the manic depressive-depressive .
An Alumni Survey Evaluating the Effectiveness and Satisfaction with the Undergraduate Psychology Program at Fort Hays State University
Authors:   , Hipp Christopher
Published: February 2023

From the 1991 American Psychological Association (APA) National Conference on Enhancing the Quality of Undergraduate Education in Psychology evolved specific recommendations, Quality Principles For undergraduate psychology departments (McGovern & Reich, 1996). Fort Hays State University has never conducted a self-study of its undergraduate psychology program. Also, the Quality Principles have never been empirically tested. This study surveyed a sample of alumni of the undergraduate psychology department at Fort Hays State University. The questionnaire addressed the three following questions: (A) Alignment with Quality Principles: To what degree is the FHSU program in psychology related to the recommendations of the APA as outlined in the Principles for Quality Undergraduate Psychology Programs derived from the St. Mary's Conference? (B) Importance of Quality Principles: To what degree are the Principles for Quality Undergraduate Psychology Programs important to the alumni of FHSU? (C) Alumni satisfaction: To what degree do the alumni of the FHSU undergraduate psychology program regard their education as an antecedent to success? Over 65% of alumni responded positively to all three of these questions.
Spirit of Fluid Form
Authors:   , Bergman Liza
Published: February 2023

My sculptural forms are outgrowths of inner emotions which are effected by the beautiful forms in nature, as well as to sensation of their touch. They reflect my deepest personal emotions which are difficult for me to verbally express so to capture their spirit in the stone.
Traditional Versus Nontraditional Students : Coping Strategies, Social Support, and Perceived Control in College Adjustment
Authors:   , Case Judith
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the types of coping strategies, social supports, and perceived control that traditional versus nontraditional students use when faced with stressors in college. The questionnaire was administered to General Psychology students, General Introductory Sociology students, and nontraditional students in a middle-sized Midwestern state university. The questionnaire included the COPE scales that assesses fifteen types of coping strategies and skills; the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL) which assesses the perceived availability of four types of social supports; the Tiffany Control Scale (TCS) that assesses one’s experience of control from within oneself, control over oneself, control over one’s environment, and control from one’s environment in eight common life situations; and a Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ) which assesses demographic information and asks the subject to identify and rate on a five point scale the most significant experience she/he had upon entering college. The results of this study suggest that, when faced with stressors in college, nontraditional students perceive themselves as having less available social supports than do traditional students. Regarding the intensity of the stressor experienced by the student, nontraditional students indicated that they perceived stressors as more intense than did traditional students. Nontraditional student identified Time Management, followed by Academic Work as the most stressful issue they perceived in college. Traditional students identified Academic Work as the most stressful issue. Regarding the use of maladaptive coping strategies, this study provided partial support for the hypotheses that traditional students use more maladaptive coping strategies when faced with stressors in college than do nontraditional students. This study failed to evidence a positive correlation between the COPE adaptive subscales and the Tiffany Control Scales composite scores and perceived control for the situation School. This study also failed to evidence a positive correlation between the COPE adaptive subscales and the Tiffany Control Scales composite scores for perceived control for the situation Self.
Increasing Detection Sensitivity for Rare and Endangered Species in Kansas through Development of an Aquatic Environmental DNA Sampling Protocol
Authors:   , Hallyburton Sarah
Published: February 2023

Anthropogenic global climate change is forcing the mass extinction of wildlife across the globe. Humans depend on freshwater ecosystems for many aspects of life including agricultural production, sanitation, and recreation. Healthy levels of biodiversity in freshwater environments ensure economically beneficial ecosystem services are maintained. Freshwater ecosystems are hotspots for biodiversity and have higher levels of imperiled organisms compared to terrestrial and marine systems. Within freshwater systems, freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) are the most imperiled with over 70% of North American species assigned to a conservation class as judged by state or federal management agencies. The objective of this study was to develop an aquatic environmental DNA (eDNA) protocol that increases detection sensitivity to target rare and endangered aquatic organisms in Kansas. The Cylindrical Papershell mussel (Anodontoides ferussacianus) was listed as endangered in Kansas in 2019. This species was used for protocol development due to its contracting distribution and low population density. Increased detection sensitivity will be necessary for successful conservation strategies as we proceed through the Anthropocene due to increased costs associated with monitoring and managing an increasing number of declining populations. This protocol, in conjunction with traditional sampling efforts, will aid in future monitoring and recovery plans of native aquatic species.
The Role of Nature in the Borderers : A Study of the Interpretations of Wordsworth's Early Drama
Authors:   , Lillard Thomas
Published: February 2023

Despite the play's lack of artistic merit, scholars have long considered The Borderers an important document in the history of Wordsworth's philosophical development. The exact nature and extent of its importance has, however, remained a matter of controversy. Prior to 1926, the most widely accepted interpretation of the play supplemented what the poet had expressed so powerfully in Book XI of The Prelude: at one time during his early manhood, he had been obsessed with the moral and philosophical questions arising out of the French Revolution and out of a rationalistic philosophy to which for a time he had whole-heartedly subscribed. This interpretation of the play, still well received by many scholars, holds that The Borderers reflects Wordsworth's obsession with Godwinism--the designation usually given the philosophy that preoccupied him--and shows the poet at a time when he was beginning to slough off what was for him a sterile and demoralizing creed. After the discovery of the long suppressed Annette Vallon episode, however, some critics saw the possibility of a new interpretation. The poet's concern with the French Revolution and with Godwinism may only have been a reflection of a deeper psychological turmoil. These critics began to interpret the play, as well as many of Wordsworth's other poems, as the poet's attempt to rid himself of the feelings of guilt which had resulted from his love affair. The Borderers became one element in the controversy that arose over the question of what weight should properly be attached to the Annette Vallon matter.
A Study of the Synthesis of 2'-Hydroxychalcones
Authors:   , Hong Edward
Published: February 2023

The Claisen-Schmidt condensation has been evaluated for the synthesis of 21-hydroxychalcones. Previous methods, utilizing this condensation for synthesis, have been found to have any undesirable features. To eliminate these features and thus to extend the applicability of the condensation, a new reaction medium, dimethyl sulfoxide, has been employed. The use of dimethyl sulfoxide has given rise to a superior synthetic procedure. The most valuable features of this procedure are the reduced reaction time, increased yield of the chalcone, and a relatively pure, easily manipulated reaction product. In the course of this study two closely related areas have been investigated. The Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement, a specialized case of the Claisen-Schmidt condensation, has been found to progress well in dimethyl sulfoxide. The isomerization characteristics of 2-hydroxychalcones have been determined.
Transference Numbers of Solutions of Copper and Cadmium Sulfamate
Authors:   , Goetz LaVern
Published: February 2023

To date only limited progress has been made in the field of electrodeposition of alloys and. pure metals. The progress in this field has been hampered by the lack of fundamental thermodynamic information concerning solutions used in industry . Diffusion coefficients and transference numbers have been measured for some chlorides and sulfates; however , when an attempt is made to apply the information in industry, the results do not show agreement with experiments . This disagreement has not been resolved by expressing solution composition in terms of activities . In electroplating, solutions of copper and cadmium sulfamate are used, but there is a lack of basic physicochemical information for these solutions . Therefore, a series of experiments has been performed to determine the transference numbers of copper sulfa sulfamate and cadmium sulfamate. The Hittorf method for determining the transference number of the sulfamate ion has been used . The transference number of an ion is that fraction of total current carried by that ion when a current is passed through a solution .
A Comparative Analysis of Stage Fright Reduction Between Basic Speaking Courses and Fundamentals of Interpersonal Communication Courses
Authors:   , Kilgore Michael
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of training in interpersonal communications and public speaking on the factors involved in stage fright as shown by comparative analysis of certain factors of the Gilkinson Speech Anxiety Scale. The basic question of this study was: \Are there significant differences in the reduction of speech anxiety between students taking the basic traditional public speaking course as opposed to students taking the fundamentals of interpersonal communications course?\ To determine these differences, three hypotheses were tested. 1. Students taking the Public Speaking Course (PSC) and students taking the Fundamentals of Interpersonal Communications (FIC) will have significantly greater reduction of stage fright on each factor than those not taking a speech course. This will involve four secondary hypotheses to account for each factor as determined by Friedrich (speech anxiety, reticence, exhibitionism, and physical manifestations). 2. There will be no significant differences between students taking the Public Speaking Course and the Fundamentals of Interpersonal Communications Course on any factor of stage fright. 3. Students taking Fundamentals of Interpersonal Communications will have a significantly more positive response on the interpersonal relationship factor of the test instrument. (This final hypothesis was used for masking as described in later sections of this report).
A Comparison of The Klopfer-Kelly and Beck Methods of Rating Intelligence Level From The Rorschach Test
Authors:   , Bates William
Published: February 2023

The problem in this investigation concerns the Klopfer- Kelley and the Beck methods of interpreting intelligence from the Rorschach Test . Stated generally, the problem is to find which one of these two methods of intelligence interpretation of the Rorschach Test is the more efficient in determining a true intelligence level, or, whether they are equally good. Specifically the problem concerns the determination of the degree of correlation of the results of each of these two methods with the Wechsler-Bellevue Adult Intelligence Scale. This problem is concerned primarily with height or degree of intelligence, excluding the type of intelligence.
Frontier Army Life Revealed by Charles King, 1844-1933
Authors:   , Flock Hazel
Published: February 2023

The purport of this study is a picture of army life of the old West as revealed by the works of Charles King, author and military man of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. I have emphasized the period of frontier policing by the army during the settling of the West, more commonly referred to as the Indian Wars of the 1870’s.
A Survey Of Speech-Language Pathologists' Attitudes Toward The 3:1 Service Delivery Model
Authors:   , Hubert Whitney
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the attitudes and perceptions of SLPs who are currently using the 3:1 service delivery model. The 3:1 Model consists of services being directly administered for three out of the four weeks of a month and indirect services provided during the fourth week. An internet-based questionnaire was completed by 90 speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to obtain their perspectives regarding the 3:1 Model. In general, 45% of the SLPs reported using the 3:1 Model with all of their clients and 86% preferred the 3:1 Model over other models (block scheduling, traditional model). The SLPs noted that the 3:1 Model helped address their workload issues. They also described being able to address more of their workload concerns during the indirect services week by consulting with other school professionals, making-up therapy sessions, completing paperwork, developing materials, attending meetings, report writing, and other items. Overall, the 3:1 Model was viewed positively by the SLPs who were surveyed in this study.
Sensation-Seeking Among College Varsity Athletes
Authors:   , Horlacher Jeff
Published: February 2023

The Sensation Seeking Scale, form V (SSSV) was used to survey 146 FHSU undergraduates. Of these, 112 people were varsity athletes and 34 were non -athletes. Both men and women were surveyed. A review of the sports personality and sensation seeking literature culminated in the hypothesis that athletes would score higher on the SSSV than non-athletes. This hypothesis was not supported by the data. and non-athletes scored higher on the Experience Seeking (E5) scale of the SSSV. Mean scores were lower than those reported by Zuckerman (1979). Although the data provide no clues as to the cause of the differences, they could represent rural-urban or athlete-non-athlete effects. Sex differences were found only on the Disinhibition (DIS) scale of the SSSV, with men scoring higher. An effort was made to predict coaches' ratings of athletes' \Desire to Play\ with the SSSV measures, but was not successful. Athletes in individual sports were found to have significantly higher scores on the Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS) scale of the SSSV than team sport members. Team sport members had higher scores, however, on the DIS scale. A comparison of intrasquad differences on the football team showed the Defensive squad to be higher on the ES and Total scales of the SSSV, and defensive backs to be higher than all other football players on the TAS scale. As expected, athletes participated in more organized athletics as children than did nonathletes. Non-athletes and gymnasts participated in more individual sports as children than did other subjects. It was concluded that the category \athlete\ may be too broad to be theoretically meaningful in assessing sensation seeking. The study of more specific subgroups of athletes may be of greater interest to future investigators. Specific problems with this study and recommendations for future research were discussed.
Personal and Educational Needs of Community College Adult Students
Authors:   , Lloyd Deborah
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the personal and educational needs of adult students. The independent variables were age, gender, marital status, number of hours enrolled, income, race, and number of children in the home. The dependent variables were life skill development needs, career development needs, educational planning needs and association with other’s needs. The total sample size was 198 students. Five composite null hypotheses were tested employing a three-way analysis of variance. Total comparisons made were 140; of which 56 were recurring, giving a total of 84 comparisons. Of the 84 comparisons, 18 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 18 comparisons which were statistically significant, 10 were main effects, and 8 were interactions. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. Married students have greater educational planning needs than single students. 2. Students with income levels from $21,000-$29,999 have greater association with others needs than students with incomes over $50,000. 3. There was an interaction between gender and marital status for the dependent variable career development. 4. There was an interaction between age and credit hours enrolled for the dependent variable career development. 5. There was an interaction between age and credit hours enrolled for the dependent variable educational planning. 6. There was an interaction between age and credit hours enrolled for the dependent variable association with other. 7. There was an interaction between age and credit hours enrolled for the dependent variable life skills development. S. There was an interaction between income level and number of children at home for the dependent variable career development. 9. There was an interaction among race, income level and number of children at home for the dependent variable career development. 10. There was an interaction between income level and number of children at home for the dependent variable educational planning.
Chemical Properties of Rainfall in Ellis County, Kansas
Authors:   , Green James
Published: February 2023

Presently, modern man has become more concerned with his environment and pollution. One of the areas of concern has been the composition of rainwater. Only recently, interest has developed in the composition of rainwater in areas other than where pollution was expected. There is some evidence that the composition of rainwater has been changing in both urban and rural areas over the last several years. One such change has occurred in the form of a lower pH value. It has been hypothesized that the lower pH values have resulted from the presence of sulfuric and nitric acids in the atmosphere.
Waveform Variations
Authors:   , Rickenbach Ronald
Published: February 2023

Broadly speaking, my thesis show is about forms in nature, but more specifically it focuses on waveform variations. Even though it was not a consideration when I was doing the tree drawings, they exhibit many examples of waveforms. Since my Master’s program and thesis focused on sculpture, the three-dimensional work was produced with waveform variations in mind.
Nurses' Attitudes Towards Alcoholics
Authors:   , Speer Rita
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate attitudes of nurses toward alcoholics. The independent variables were: Level of nursing education achieved, type of nursing position held, formal alcoholism education, and alcoholism in the family. Dependent variables were psychological etiology, social rejection, physical genetic, humanitarian, moral weakness, and medical illness. Five composite null hypotheses were tested. Five main effects were found to be statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appear to support the following generalizations: 1. for the dependent variable social rejection, participants working in alcoholism treatment facilities had a more accepting attitude toward alcoholics, 2. for the dependent variable humanitarian, nurses who were Licensed Practical Nurses and Registered Nurses with baccalaureate degrees had a more humane attitude toward alcoholics, 3. for the dependent variable humanitarian, those nurses who received their nursing education during the interval 1975-1985 had a more humane attitude toward alcoholics, 4. for the dependent variable medical illness, college faculty were more likely to view alcoholism as a medical illness, and 5. For the dependent variable physical genetic, nurses who reported no alcoholism in their families had a stronger belief in the genetic predisposition toward alcoholism.
Lessons in Montanism: Charismatics, Feminists, and the Twentieth Century Roman Catholic Church
Authors:   , Davis Carol
Published: February 2023

Christianity arose in the midst of a pagan world filled with many different cultic beliefs that worshipped a variety of gods and goddesses. Homogeneity did not become a characteristic of Christianity itself until after the first five centuries of debate hammering out the theological doctrines and modes of praxis that determined what was and was not heresy. Debates continue to take place among scholars concerning pagan influences on the early emerging Christian world. One of the many sects that developed, Montanism, a reform movement within the orthodox Christian Church, came into being as a result of the persecution of Christians and a perceived laxity by the Church toward those who recanted. This movement that utilized frenzied prophecy and allowed women to exercise leadership roles, including the office of the keys, is especially viewed by some as a pagan-Christian hybrid. By the fifth century A.D., the orthodox Church declared Montanism anathema and it ceased to exist as a cult. Throughout the history of the Christian Church, ideologies that do not agree with orthodox standards of doctrinal beliefs and praxis occur and reoccur in varying forms. The twentieth century produced two movements in the Roman Catholic Church in the United States that reflected characteristics of the Montanist movement in the early Church. One of these, the Catholic Charismatic Renewal, found acceptable by the Roman Catholic hierarchy continues to influence life and social teaching within the orthodoxy of the Church. The other, the feminist movement, condemned by the Church and labeled heretical, resulting in numerous excommunications, brought a new schism to the Christian Church. This paper examines the rise and fall of Montanism in the early Christian Church, its characteristics and the causes of its demise. This creates a platform from which the two movements in the late twentieth century Catholic Church in the United States, the Charismatic Renewal and the Catholic feminist movement, can be explored. Each movement contained elements similar to Montanistic ideology, yet only one found itself condemned. The similarities and differences between each movement and Montanism, with their attitudes of unity or divisiveness, when looked at closely, explain why this is so. Montanism’s demise can be attributed to its multi-layered challenge to the hierarchical authority of the developing ecclesiastical Christian Church, particularly in regard to the office of the prophet that became subsumed by the office of the bishop and the roles Montanism allowed women to exercise. In the end, unlike the Catholic feminist movement, the recent Charismatic Renewal movement was acceptable to the Church because it did not reject Church authority; like Montanism, the feminist movement’s refusal to accept that authority, dismissing Canon Law and Tradition, was the reason it failed to be accepted.
Intelligence as Related to Grouping in Learning
Authors:   , Lindner Greig
Published: February 2023

It was hoped that through this investigation it would be possible to suggest study habits or teaching procedures which would give the less superior student the benefit of the learning devices automatically employed by the superior student.
Densities and Habitat Preferences Exhibited by Peromyscus Maniculated and Sigmodon Hispidus in a Mixed Grassland
Authors:   , Houston Duane
Published: February 2023

The population densities, habitat preferences, and importance values of Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis (Coues) and Sigmodon hispidus texianus (Audubon and Bachman) in a 13.57 acre relict grassland 1.5 miles southwest of Hays, Ellis County, Kansas were studied from April, 1965 to March, 1967. Calculations were made utilizing electronic data processing with a 20K 1620 IBM computer. The calculations of population densities for the study area were compared using four methods: Lincoln, Schnabel, Schumacher-Eschmeyer, and actual numbers. Ecological densities, the density per acre per habitat, were used as a measure of the species' habitat preferences. Importance values, relative density plus relative frequency, were calculated and compared. A comparison of methods used to estimate population densities indicated that: the actual number of mammals marked during the 14-day trapping periods was the most reliable; the Lincoln index, the least conservative method, was erratic on a day to day basis but more reliable when used over a longer period, and the Schnabel and the Schumacher-Eschmeyer estimates, conservative in nature, allowed for accumulation of captures and recaptures over the trapping periods, thus making the daily and final estimates smooth . The densities of Peromyscus for the entire study area ranged from 7.3 per acre to 1.2 per acre, while densities of Sigmodon ranged from 6.4 per acre to 0.07 per acre. A larger number of males than females was indicated for both species. The ecological density indicated that the most preferred habitats were mixed grass for Peromyscus and weed for Sigmodon. Other preferences were ranked. The magnitude of the importance values served as an indicator of the relative importance of a species when compared to all other species within or between communities. This was most functional on a month to month basis.
A Comparison of the Epidermal Pattern of Some Grasses of Northwest Kansas
Authors:   , Jeffers Marvin
Published: February 2023

Epidermal patterns of the widest portion of the leaf blade of seven grass tribes were studied. These included 22 genera and 30 species which were collected in northwest Kansas during 1963. Epidermal patterns were studied mainly by the peel technique, using acetone and cellulose acetate film, and the clearing technique. A detailed study was made of both the adaxial and abaxial surfaces, although photomicrographs were made of only the abaxial surface, because this was found to have more diagnostic characters than the adaxial surface. General epidermal cell elements, bicellular microhairs, silica cells, cushion hairs, macro-hairs, papillae, prickle-hairs, and subsidiary cells of the stomatal apparatus were studied in detail as well as the arrangement of the diagnostic characters. The silica cells, bicellular micro-hairs, and the subsidiary cells of the stomatal apparatus were found to be the most useful diagnostic characters for this classification. The arrangement or pattern of these characters can be of great importance toward a more natural phylogenetic classification of the Gramineae.
Past Interpersonal Relationships and Therapeutic Effect : Is There a Link?
Authors:   , Krizek Nancy
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between how a client's past interpersonal relationships and self-efficacy towards therapy are related to the therapy relationship and the outcome of therapy. The clients' perceptions of a significant past interpersonal relationship were measured by the Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory (B.L.R.I.) immediately after the initial therapy interview. The clients' and therapists' perceptions of self-efficacy towards therapy (measured by a two item questionnaire), and the clients' and therapists' perceptions of the therapy relationship (measured by the B.L.R.I.) were assessed after the first and fifth or final therapy session. The therapists' perceptions of the outcome of therapy were also measured (using the Current Assessment Rating Scale) after the first and fifth or final therapy session. Subjects consisted of 20 clients who were paired with one of 8 therapists. The subjects were clients coming to the George A. Kelly Psychological Service Center for therapy, their therapists, and clients entering therapy at Psychological Grow t h Associates, Inc. and their therapists. The results suggested that a client's most significant positive past interpersonal relationship was positively related to the client's perceptions of the psychotherapeutic relationship. The client's most significant past interpersonal relationship was found to be positively related to the therapist's perceptions of therapy outcome. Therapy outcome was also seen to be related to the client's perceived se lf-efficacy concerning therapeutic change. The client's initial perception of self-efficacy was correlated with the therapist's fifth or final perception s of therapy outcome, thus suggesting early measures of the client's self-efficacy perceptions were related to therapy outcome as perceived by the therapist. Together, the findings provided information regarding several possible reasons why some clients l eave therapy early, and provide support for consideration of early measurement of a client's past interpersonal relationships and self-efficacy.
A Survey of the Vertebrates of Slate Creek Salt Marsh, Sumner County, Kansas, with an Emphasis on Waterbirds
Authors:   , Young Eugene
Published: February 2023

A survey of vertebrates was conducted from 1987-1991 at Slate Creek Salt Marsh (SCSM), Sumner County, Kansas. Emphasis was placed on waterbirds, especially shorebirds, to determine the number of birds using the area on an annual basis. Preliminary results provide records for 15 species of fish, five species of frogs and toads, six species of turtles, two species of lizards, nine species of snakes, 29 species of mammals, and 233 species of birds. The total number of shorebirds recorded in 1988 was 24,254, and in 1989 was 24,416. Numbers based on the highest weekly peak counts showed that at least 22,664 shorebirds used the area between fall 1988 and spring 1989. Shorebird usage exceeds the minimal annual requirements needed to qualify as a regional site within the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network. It is recommended that SCSM be considered as an area of importance to migrating shorebirds.
Weather Components and Employee Accidents in a Psychiatric Hospital
Authors:   , Hansen John
Published: February 2023

Certain weather components have been linked with altered work performance and accidents. The researcher sought explanations of how weather components affect occurrence of accidents. Suggestions were revealed in the related literature regarding selection of weather components that had the most significant association with accidents. The independent variables for the present study were average daily barometric pressure, average daily temperature, average daily wind velocity, and total minutes of sunshine per day. The dependent variable was type of accident for the given day (“No Accident,” “Minor Accident,” and “Major Accident”). The purpose of the researcher was to examine the association between selected weather components and days on which injuries were reported for employees of a psychiatric hospital. The sample was the total number of days on which accidents were recorded in a 33 month interval. The design of the study was Post Facto. Four null hypotheses were tested. For each null hypothesis a chi square test was employed under four sampling arrangements. The results of the present study indicated that for two sampling arrangements the difference between the obtained distribution of frequencies for days of injuries and the expected distribution of frequencies for days of injuries according to barometric pressure was statistically significant. An association was found to exist between the level of barometric pressure and days of reported accidents that occurred to employees of a psychiatric hospital. The results of the present study may be useful for individuals wanting to know when employees of a psychiatric hospital are at greatest risk of injury. The present study has practical application to the reduction of accidents in the workplace.
The Reactions of Ethyl Acetoacetate With Certain Halogen Derivatives of Alcohols
Authors:   , Sullivan Harold
Published: February 2023

Chemical literature records many series of compounds produced by the acetoacetic ester synthesis, but in no instance is combination of the acetoacetic ester with the halogenated alcohols, of which the chlorohydrins are examples, mentioned. The products of these reactions are substituted derivatives of the· acetoacetic ester. These products yield, upon hydrolysis, hydroxy-ketones. These acids and ketones may serve as intermediates for synthesizing other compounds. Many compounds which have medicinal value, such as pyrazolones and other ring compounds, may be synthesized from the acetoacetic ester derivatives. 'This study of the reactions of the acetoacetic ester with certain halogen derivatives of alcohols was undertaken in an effort to prepare new intermediates. These intermediate compounds in turn may be used to synthesize new drugs and other organic compounds.
Plant Succession on Disturbed Roadbanks in West Central Kansas
Authors:   , Buckley Philip
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine what successional changes in vegetation take place on seeded roadbanks in the west central Kansas area. Areas for study were selected to provide five seeding dates ranging from twenty years old to three years old. The areas selected were typical of the area. It was found that the introduced species, alfalfa (Medicago sativa), smooth brome (Bromus inermis), and perennial rye (Lolium perenne) provided most of the cover on the most recent two seedings. There is little evidence of effective cover being provided by native grasses on these most recent seedings. The native grasses, buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides) where continuous mowing takes place and the midgrasses, the dropseeds (Sporobolus spp.), blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), sideoats grama (Bouteloua curtipendula), and western wheat grass (Agropyron smithii) where less frequent mowing is practiced, provide the significant cover on the three older seedings studied (11,15, and 20 years old). The results of this study indicate the need of both quickly establishing species such as alfalfa, smooth brome, and perennial rye and the persistent native grasses, buffalo, tall and sand dropseed, blue and sideoats grama and western wheat grass.
Mrs. Underwood : Linguist, Litterateuse
Authors:   , Craine Carol
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to present a literary biography of Mrs. Underwood: to make an acquaintance with her as a woman and author, and to survey the scope of her writing with some critical analysis.
Cryptic Coloration of the Plains Pocket Gopher, Geomys Bursarius
Authors:   , Nelson Jan
Published: February 2023

Color reflected from the pelage of plains pocket gophers (Geomys bursarius) and from corresponding soil samples was measured spectrophotometrically. No significant differences in pelage color between sexes or among age classes of pocket gophers were found, but the color reflected from new and old pelages of pocket gophers differed significantly. There was a high degree of correlation and a strong linear relationship between colors of pelages and colors of soils. This indicated that the plains pocket gopher, although fossorial, has adapted to resemble the surrounding substrate in which it burrows. This adaptation probably was the result of selection by aboveground predators.
Aggression, Personality and Choice of Sport Participation
Authors:   , Salisbury Leslie
Published: February 2023

The present study was carried out to see if a possible relationship exists between the type of sport in which an individual chooses to participate (team contact, team non-contact, individual contact, and individual non-contact) and a combination of the personality and aggressive traits of the individual. Previous research concerning the relationship between personality traits and sport selection has been inconclusive. As a result of these conflicting results, Sage (1972, in Fisher, 1976) suggested the use of combinations of personality variables to look at sport selection. One hundred male students from Fort Hays State University completed five questionnaires: The Howarth Personality Questionnaire (to measure general personality traits), the Buss-Durkee Inventory (to measure aggressive traits-both specific and general), the Sports Scales (developed by Dorcus Butt to measure sports motivation), Kenyon's Attitudes Toward Physical Activity, and an Athletic Participation Survey (designed to inquire as to individual sport preference). Numerous analyses were run to see if significant relationships exist between sport selection and the combination of aggressive and other general personality traits. No significant relationships were found in these analyses. Significant differences were found, however, when relating the amount of time (in hours) which an individual participates in sports per week with the sports motivation of the individual. The amount of weekly sport participation was found to be related to the conflict dimension of the Sports Scales. In addition, hourly participation was found to be significantly related to the ascetic dimension of Kenyon's scale of Attitudes Toward Physical Activity.
The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
Authors:   , Guy Duane
Published: February 2023

It is not the purpose of this thesis to draw a definite conclusion as to whether the course of action taken by the United States should be justified or condemned. I have attempted to trace, in a cursory manner, the events leading to the Panama Revolution; and the subsequent signing of the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty. This treaty cleared the way for the beginning of the construction of the Panama Canal by the United States and established a protectorate over the republic of Panama, which was contrary to the established principles of the United States, and continued in effect until 1939. Relations between the United States and Panama have often become strained and vexatious since that time, however, I have used this date as a convenient stopping point.
An Empirical Analysis of the Relationships Between the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, Dispositional Optimism, and Grade Point Average
Authors:   , Maxson Thomas
Published: February 2023

The temperament theory of Jung was adapted by Myers Briggs in the creation of the Myers Briggs Type Indicator Keirsey shortened the MBTI to make the Keirsey Temperament Sorter Keirsey suggests that the temperament types identified by the Keirsey Temperament Sorter are related to certain constructs such as optimism and school achievement. However, these relationships have not been tested empirically. This study examined the relationship between the four Keirsey general types (NT, NF, SP, SJ) and dispositional optimism, as measured by the Life Orientation Test. Also, the question of whether the Keirsey types diner in terms of achievement, as measured by grade point average was examined. It was found that there were no differences among the types as related to optimism. In examining the relationship between the Keirsey types and GPA, it was found that the SJ type significantly differed from the SP group and the NF group significantly differed from the SP group A curvilinear relationship was hypothesized between GPA and optimism However, it was found that a linear and cubic relationship existed, but not a simple curvilinear (quadratic) relationship. The linear and cubic relationships accounted for between six and eight percent of the variance in GPA In conclusion, the Keirsey Temperament Sorter does not differentiate among individuals based on dispositional optimism but it does somewhat differentiate based on GPA. The relationship between GPA and optimism was found to be mostly linear. However a cubic trend suggested that low optimism perhaps is more beneficial than high optimism, with median optimism being the best. The results of this study reconfirm that the Keirsey Temperament Sorter should be interpreted with caution if it [is] used in a professional setting. It is concluded that the construct validity of the Keirsey Temperament Sorter is very weak due to its lack of empirically based sorting ability.