bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Türk Popülasyonunda 18 Yaş Eşiğinin Belirlenmesi için Londra Atlas Tekniği ve Cameriere’nin 3. Molar Olgunluk İndeksi’nin (I3M) Uygulanabilirliğinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: UĞUZ Hacer Nida , ÇELİK ÖGE Selin
Published: August 2022

Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı; Londra Atlas tekniğinin ve Cameriere’nin 3. molar olgunluk indeksinin (I3M) Türk popülasyonunda 18 yaş yasal sınırının belirlenmesinde radyolojik diş yaşının doğruluğunu, özgüllüğünü ve duyarlılığını değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma kesitsel gözlemsel olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışmaya 14 - 21 yaş aralığında toplamda 804 (470 kadın, 334 erkek) birey dahil edilmiştir. 18 yaş yasal sınırının belirlenmesinde Londra Atlas ve I3M yöntemleri kullanılarak farklı iki araştırmacı tarafından radyolojik diş yaşının doğruluğu, özgüllüğü ve duyarlılığı değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: 18 yaş eşiğini belirlemede, Londra Atlas tekniği % 88.74 duyarlılık, % 87.37 özgüllük ve % 88.1 doğruluk gösterirken, I3M tekniği % 95.54 duyarlılık, % 75.50 özgüllük ve % 85.5 doğruluk göstermiştir. İki teknik arasındaki uyumluluk düzeyine bakıldığında ise (κ = 0.813) elde edilen uyumluluğun iyi düzeyde olduğu bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: I3M ve Londra Atlas teknikleri Türk toplumunda 18 yaş eşiğini belirlemede benzer performanslar göstermiştir. Yaş tahminini güçlendirmek için Londra Atlas ve I3M tekniklerinin kombine kullanımı sonuçları değiştirmemiştir. Londra Atlas tekniğinin Türk toplumuna uyumunu görebilmek için daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Anahtar kelimeler: adli tıp, panoramik radyografi, pedodonti, yaş tayini
Does Surface Treatment With Different Primers Increase The Shear Bond Strength Between Metallic Bracket and Monolithic Zirconia?
Authors: BÜYÜKERKMEN Emine Begüm , AKBULUT Ayşe Selenge , KEÇECİ Murat
Published: August 2022

Background: This was aimed to investigate the effect of surface treatment with different primers on the shear bond strength (SBS) between metallic brackets and monolithic zirconia crowns.Methods: Sixty-five monolithic zirconia molar crowns were fabricated with CAD-CAM technology. All crowns underwent thermal cycling. After aging, crowns were randomly divided into five groups (n = 13) according to cementation procedures: orthodontic bonding system; primer/composite paste: Transbond XT (TXT) (control); Group M: Monobond Plus (MP) was applied on crowns surfaces then TXT composite paste; Group MT: MP was applied on crown surface then primer/composite paste of TXT; Group Z: Z-Prime Plus (ZP) was applied on crown surface then TXT composite paste; Group ZT: ZP was applied on crown surface then primer/composite paste of TXT was used for bonding the metallic brackets. The bracket-bonded crowns were tested for SBS using a universal testing machine. Results were analyzed using analysis of variance.Results: A statistically significant difference was found between all groups regarding SBS values (p=0.001). Group MT showed the highest SBS value, the control group showed the lowest SBS value (p<0.05).Conclusion: It can be concluded that all bracket-bonded crowns were sufficient to withstand orthodontic forces. Surface treatment with primers contributes to increase the shear bond strength between metallic bracket and monolithic zirconia.
MAKSİLLOFASİYAL KIRIĞI OLAN 374 OLGUNUN DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİ VE ETİYOLOİK FAKTÖRLERİ: 11 YILLIK RETROSPEKTİF ÇALIŞMA
Authors: GÜLER Rıdvan , AĞAÇAYAK Serkan
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Bu retrospektif çalışmanın amacı, 2008-2019 yılları arasında Dicle Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Ağız Diş Çene Hastalıkları ve Cerrahisi Anabilim Dalı’na başvuran travmaya bağlı maksillofasiyal kırık izlenen hastaların demografik dağılımını ve tedavi yöntemlerini geriye dönük analiz edip elde edilen bulguları değerlendirmek ve tartışmaktır.

Gereç-Yöntem: Kliniğimize başvuran 374 maksillofasiyal travma vakasına ait dosya dokümanları toplanarak incelendi. Elde edilen veriler cinsiyet, yaş, etiyoloji, mevsim, anatomik lokalizasyon ve tedavi seçeneklerine göre analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Yapılan istatiksel analiz sonucunda 257’si erkek (% 68,7), 117’si kadın(% 31,3) olan 374 hastada 400 maksillofasiyal kırık tespit edildi. Ortalama yaş 25 (7 - 68) olarak tespit edildi. Etiyolojik nedenler sıralandığında düşme 129 hasta (% 34,5) ile ilk sırada yer aldı. Daha sonra sırasıyla 124 hasta (% 33) darp, 69 hasta (% 18,4) trafik kazası, 21 hasta (% 5,6) spor kazası, 12 hasta (% 3,2) iş kazası, 12 hasta (% 3,2) at tepmesi, 4 hasta(%1) ateşli silah yaralanması ve 3 hasta(% 0,80) diş çekim sonrası oluşan çene kırığı olarak analiz edildi. Tedavisi gerçekleştirilmiş 400 kırığın 334’dü (% 83) mandibulada, 46 (% 11) tanesi maksillada, 3 (% 1) tanesi zigomatik kemikte, 3 tanesi(% 1) orbitada ve son olarak 14 tanesi (% 4) çoklu kırık şeklinde görüldü.

Sonuç: Maksillofasiyal kırıkların insidansı, etiyolojisi, hastaların demografik özellikleri bölgelere göre çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Bölgeler arasındaki farklılığın daha detaylı anlaşılabilmesi için coğrafik, sosyal ve ekonomik değişkenlere sahip sahaların katılacağı çok merkezli çalışmaların hem hastaların tedavisine hem de literatüre büyük katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.
COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında diş kliniklerine yapılan başvuruların incelenmesi
Authors: KİS Hatice
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında uygulanan kısıtlamaların kişilerin diş hekimliği hizmetlerine başvuruları üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve yöntemler: Bu çalışma retrospektif olarak tasarlandı. Veri toplamak için 5 aylık bir sürede X Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesine başvuran hastaların dosyaları incelendi. Toplam 695 hasta dosyası incelenerek dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan, 446 hasta çalışmaya eklendi. Hastaların demografik bilgileri, başvuru nedenleri, acil tedavi gereksinimleri, komorbid hastalıkları, uygulanan görüntüleme yöntemleri dosyalarındaki kayıtlı bilgilerden elde edildi, ÇKDD (Çürük, kayıp, dolgulu dişler) skorları ise panoramik radyograflar üzerinden değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Önlemlerin kademeli olarak azaltılmaya başlandığı normalleşme öncesi (Nö) ve sonrası (Ns) periyotlardaki başvurular arasında acil tedavi gereksinimi bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p =0,082). Hastaların başvuru nedenleri karşılaştırıldığında;Nö grubunda “kırık diş” şikâyeti ile başvuran hastaların Ns grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı seviyede fazla olduğu görüldü (p =0,033). Ns grubunda ise “ortodontik bozukluk” şikâyeti ile başvuran hastalar Nö grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fazlaydı (p =0,003). Nö grubunda komorbid hastalığı olan bireylerin Ns grubundan daha fazla olduğu ve bu farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu gözlendi (p <0,001). Acil tedavi gereksinimi olan hastalar ile olmayan hastalar arasında ÇKDD skorları bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark vardır (p <0,001).
Sonuç: COVID-19 salgını, dünya çapında diş hekimliği hizmetlerinin sağlanmasında önemli bir handikap yaratsa da estetik kaygı ve ortodontik tedavi amaçlı başvurular geçerliliğini korumaktadır.
Probiyotikler ve Periodontal Sağlık
Authors: BİÇER Dilek , DAL Gülsüm , ÖZKAL EMİNOĞLU Didem
Published: August 2022

Dünya sağlık örgütü (WHO) ve Amerika Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü (FAO) ‘nün probiyotik bakteri tanımı şöyledir; uygun miktarlarda kullanıldıklarında sağlık için faydalı etkileri olan yaşayan mikroorganizmalardır. Periodontal hastalıklar, dişetinde başlayan enfeksiyonun dişeti bağ dokusu, periodontal ligament ve alveol kemiğine ulaşmasıyla dişin periodonsiyumunda yıkıma neden olarak dişlerde mobilite ve ardından diş kaybına sebep olan, kronik enfamatuvar hastalıklardır. Periodontal tedavide klasik mekanik uygulamalar, dentin kanallarındaki, konkavitelerdeki ve yumuşak dokuya invaze olmuş bakterileri elimine etmekte yeterli olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle mekanik temizliğe ek olarak kullanılan antimikrobiyal ajanlar periodontopatojenleri azaltmaya katkıda bulunur. Bazı araştırmalar sonucunda probiyotikler gündeme gelmeye başlamıştır. Günümüzde yapılan pek çok araştırmada canlı bakterilerin tedavi amacıyla kullanılması ön plana çıkmaktadır.
ÇOCUK DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİNDE GENEL ANESTEZİ
Authors: KARADURAN Büşra , KUMAŞ SOLAK Sezen , KORUYUCU Mine
Published: August 2022

Diş çürükleri çocuklarda oldukça yaygın görülen ve genel sağlığı olumsuz yönde etkileyebilen kronik bir hastalıktır. Çocuklarda ağrıya, beslenme problemleri gibi genel sağlık sorunlarına ve psikolojik problemlere yol açabilmektedir; bu nedenle tedavi edilmeleri gerekmektedir. Her çocuk, rutin bir şekilde klinik ortamında tedavi edilemeyebilmekte ve ekstra davranış yönlendirme tekniklerine ihtiyaç duyulabilmektedir. Koopere olmayan ve engelli çocukların dental tedavileri uygun ve gerekli endikasyon değerlendirmesi yapıldıktan ve oluşabilecek komplikasyonlar ile yarar-zarar ilişkisi değerlendirildikten sonra ileri davranış yönlendirme tekniklerinden olan genel anestezi ile tedavi edilebilmektedir. Genel anestezi altında dental tedavinin yapılması kararının verilmesinden önce sedasyon dahil olmak üzere tüm olası alternatif tedavi yolları değerlendirilmeli ve aile bu konu hakkında detaylı şekilde bilgilendirilmelidir. Diş hekimleri genel anestezi uygulamasının endikasyonları, kontraendikasyonları ve komplikasyonları hakkında detaylı bilgiye sahip olmalıdır; anestezi uzmanları ile işbirliği içerisinde olmalıdır. Hastaların tedavi öncesinde detaylı bir şekilde genel sağlık durumunun ve ağız sağlığının değerlendirilmesi, hastaların tedavi planlamasının yapılması gerekmektedir. Böylece hastaya özel tedavi yaklaşımı ile oluşabilecek komplikasyonların ve ileride tekrarlayabilecek tedavi gereksinimlerinin önüne geçilebilmesi mümkün olabilmektedir. Genel anestezi altında gerçekleştirilen dental tedavilerin başarı oranı uygulanan tedavi prosedürüne, tercih edilen restoratif materyale, tedavi sonrasındaki oral hijyen alışkanlıklarına ve hastanın diyet özelliklerine bağlı olabilmektedir. Önemli olan hastaya kalıcı oral hijyen alışkanlığının kazandırılması ve geleceğe yönelik olumlu davranışların oluşmasını sağlayabilmektir.
MOLAR KESER MALFORMASYONU: BİR LİTERATÜR DERLEMESİ
Authors: ELİAÇIK Başak , TEZ Banu Çiçek , KARAHAN Meltem , ER Gizem
Published: August 2022

Kök malformasyonları çeşitli genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Kök gelişimi sırasında meydana gelen problemler enfeksiyon, travma, kemoterapi veya radyasyon tedavisine bağlı oluşabilmektedir. Yakın zamanda tanımlanan bir dental anomali olan molar keser malformasyonu veya molar keser kök malformasyonu, daimi birinci molar dişlerin köklerinde görülen gelişim bozuklukları ile karakterizedir. Aynı zamanda süt ikinci molar ve maksiller daimi santral keser dişleri etkileyebilmektedir. Molar keser kök malformasyonu veya molar keser malformasyonu, erken çocukluk döneminde maruz kalınan farklı çevresel faktörler sebebiyle diş köklerinin anormal oluşumu ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu anomalinin görüldüğü dişlerden, molar dişler normal kron morfolojisine sahip olup ancak radyografi ile teşhis edilebilirken, keser dişler de kron morfoloji etkilenmiştir. Bu dişlerde herhangi bir çürük veya kron deformitesi olmaksızın enfeksiyon ve periodontal hastalık görülebilmektedir. Tedavi için ilk seçenek, doğru zamanda dişlerin çekimi ve ikinci daimi molar dişlerin oluşan boşluğuna doğru sürdürülmesi olabilmektedir. Malforme kökler ve kalsifiye pulpa dokusu sebebi ile endodontik tedavinin çok zor olduğu belirtilmektedir. Güncel klinik ve radyografik teşhis ve tedavi yöntemlerinin uygulandığı farklı vaka raporları bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı, ‘Molar Keser Malformasyonu’ olarak adlandırılan anomalinin güncel literatür ışığında değerlendirilmesidir.
MİKROPLAK DESTEKLİ KOMBİNE TEDAVİ PROTOKOLÜ İLE ALVEOL KRETİ OGMENTASYONU: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: ÇALIKOĞLU Nilay , RAVALI Ece İrem , KAYNAR Ayfer
Published: August 2022

Maksilla anterior bölgedeki alveolar kemik kaybı, estetik ve fonksiyonel beklentileri karşılayacak uygulamalar (protetik cerrahi / implant) açısından önemli bir sorundur. Kaybedilen kemiği geri kazanmak için yapılan cerrahi yöntemler arasında; alveolar splint osteotomi, otojen blok ile greftleme ve yönlendirilmiş doku rejenerasyonu (YDR) teknikleri sayılabilir. Ogmentasyon alanına gelen yumuşak doku basıncı, iyileşmeyi etkileyen faktörlerden biridir. Bu nedenle; estetik ve fonksiyonel olarak tatmin edici sonuçlara ulaşmak için yumuşak doku ve sert doku bir arada yönetilmelildir.
Bu olguda maksilla anterior bölgedenin ogmentasyon işlemi için; Önce hidrojel içerikli yumuşak doku genişleticilerle yumuşak doku yönlendirilmiştir. Ardından kemik dokunun genişletilmesi ve yeni oluşacak kemik doku üzerindeki basıncın azaltılması için pozisyonlandırılan mikroplakların tespitini takiben, plakla alveol kemiği arasında kalan boşlığa allogreft materyali ve trombositten zengin fibrin (PRF) uygulanmış, ayrıca mikroplak ve greftlerin üzerini örtmek amacıyla plateletten zengin fibrin (PRF) membran kullanılmıştır.
Comparative evaluation of canal transportation and centering ability of various Ni-Ti rotary systems in retreatment of curved root canals
Authors: ÇİFTÇİOĞLU Elif , KÜÇÜKAY Enver Sedat
Published: August 2022

Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the canal transportation and centering ability of ProTaper, HeroShaper and two Ni-Ti rotary systems developed for retreatment (ProTaperRetreatment and R-Endo).
Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty mesial canals of mandibular molars with curvatures between 30-40 degrees and radii of curvatures between 4-9 mm were embedded in a modified muffle system. The teeth were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=15). The roots were sectioned horizontally at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the working length. Cross-sections were digitally photographed under standardized conditions. Half of the root canals were prepared with ProTaper and the rest with HeroShaper. Postoperative photographs were obtained. Root canals were obturated with the respective gutta-percha cones of the systems and AHPlus sealer. Following retreatment with four systems, photographs were assessed for the canal transportation in 8 directions, and centering ratio.
Results: Initial shaping with ProTaper resulted in more significant transportation than HeroShaper (p<0.05). After retreatment, R-Endo yielded negative transportation values in the apical and mid-sections. In canals prepared with ProTaper, in the apical and coronal root sections ProTaperRetreatment, and in the mid-sections ProTaper revealed more acceptable re-shaping results. In the canals prepared with HeroShaper, after retreatment, transportation and centering ability were relatively efficient with HeroShaper in the apical and mid-sections; and with ProTaper in the coronal sections.
Conclusion: All systems caused a certain amount of transportation and eccentricity. Protaper, ProtaperRetreatment and HeroShaper showed similar re-shaping performance with regard to the initial shaping procedure. However, R-Endo yielded insufficient root canal cleaning in the apical and mid-sections.
A Value-in-Use-Oriented Sales Approach for Digital Services of Technology Companies
Authors: Hartwig Kea , Jacob Frank
Published: August 2022

Today, technology companies are paying increased attention to the provision of digital services, and business customers’ actual usage process has become a pivotal concern. Thus, technology companies are turning their focus to customer value created during usage processes, referred to as “value-in-use”. This implies that the entire organization and ist ecosystem must adapt accordingly. This qualitative study identifies and classifies concrete fields of action for the sales team structure, the sales role itself, the selling process, and the customer-supplier relationship. The results shed light on a value-in-use-oriented sales approach for digital services that is currently implemented in the technology industry. The theoretical contributions include a holistic perspective on a changing business environment and its impact on the sales organization as well as an explicit focus on value-in-use. Managerial implications include recommendations to adjust recruitment and training activities based on developments in the team structure and a salesperson’s individual skills as well as to strengthen and extend the customer-supplier relationship.
Public awareness of paper’s sustainability in a digital society
Authors: Youn Hye Jung , Lee Hak Lae
Published: August 2022

People often think of paper as an environmentally harmful product because trees are cut down to make it. A new generation that has grown up in today’s digital society may think that the use of digital devices is a waste-free way to protect our environment. Although the pulp and paper industry is making various efforts to preserve the environment, it has not been properly recognized. Developing new technologies to produce better products at lower cost while protecting our environment is important. But it is also important to enhance the image of the pulp and paper industry in the eyes of the public. The pulp and paper industry’s efforts to reforestation for raw materials and to expand the recycling of waste paper should be more widely introduced.
Mineral nutrition and tolerance to Colletotrichum spp. of Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) in nursery
Authors: Bautista-Montealegre Luis Gabriel , DEantonio-Florido Leidy Yibeth , Cardona William Andrés , Bolaños-Benavides Martha Marina , Fischer Gerhard
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Several diseases affect the Andean blackberry cultivation in Colombia, where anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) stands out for generating total losses. Objective. To estimate the doses of N, P, K, and Ca that allow greater tolerance to C. gloeosporioides strain 52 in Andean blackberry seedlings. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out in 2017, in a greenhouse located in Mosquera in the department of Cundinamarca (Colombia), with seedlings sown in a substrate based on a 3: 1 mixture of peat and rice husks. A randomized complete block design with a central composite arrangement of 25 treatments and 15 seedlings were used per experimental unit. The inoculation of plant material was carried out 53 days after had begun the application of the treatments, with mycelial discs at a concentration of 9.53×104 conidia. The severity percentage (Sev), incubation period (IP), disease development rate (r), plant height (PLH), stem diameter (StD), leaf area (LA), chlorophyll content index (CCI), dry weight of the aerial part, and concentration of nutrients were measured. The analysis of variance with Tukey’s test (p<0.05), correlation analysis, generation of response surface models, and principal component analysis with the t-test (p<0.05) was carried out. Results. The severity percentage showed significant differences in the plants that received the fertilization treatments, the allometric variables, and chlorophyll content index were negatively and significantly related with the severity percentage. Simple linear effects models and interaction between elements and four components were obtained, which explained 63 % of the observed variability. Conclusions. The doses of 55, 3, 14, and 9 g plant of N, P2O5, K2O, and CaO, respectively, allowed a higher tolerance of plants against strain 52, as well as higher values in growth variables.
Resultados de la labor de Investigación 2016-2021
Authors:   Universidad de Costa Rica, Cordero García Eugenia , Marín Campos Andrea , Garro Acón Meilyn , Bartels Gómez Sofía de los Ángeles
Published: August 2022

Este informe tiene como objetivo presentar los principales aportes de la labor de investigación realizada en la Universidad de Costa Rica en el período 2016-2021, correspondiendo a los primeros proyectos que pueden vincularse con la entrada en vigencia de la Agenda del Desarrollo Sostenible 2030. Los datos de proyectos y convenios en en este informe provienen del Sistema de Información de Proyectos (SIP), agosto 2022.
Fonología del Mangue (Chorotega)
Authors: Krohn Haakon S
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se realiza un análisis del sistema fonológico de la lengua extinta mangue, también conocida como chorotega, el miembro más meridional de la familia otomangue. Se postula, al igual que en Quirós (1988, 2002), que la lengua contaba con tres fonemas vocálicos: /i, u, a/. En comparación con el sistema consonántico presentado por Quirós (2002), se agregan al inventario fonémico tres fonemas oclusivos prenasalizados, /mb, nd, ŋg/, y se afirma que la lengua poseía un solo fonema líquido, representado como /ɾ/, lo cual da un total de doce fonemas consonánticos. Por su lado, el estatus fonémico de las deslizadas es inseguro. Seguidamente, se indaga en los rasgos distintivos de las consonantes. Con respecto a la fonotáctica, se identifican ciertos ataques silábicos complejos, así como algunas sílabas con coda. Por último, se sostiene que el mangue tenía tonos contrastivos.
Bacteriological aspects of bacteremia in the intensive care unit of the Mohammed V Military Hospital: 10 months prospective study
Authors: Adil Fatima Zahra , Benaissa Elmostafa , Benlahlou Yassine , Bakkali Hicham , Doghmi Nawfal , Balkhi Hicham , Maleb Adil , Elouennass Mostafa
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Bacteremia is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in intensive care units (ICU) is a growing concern. Hence, prior knowledge of bacterial epidemiology and resistance phenotypes is required to optimize these infections' management. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of bacteremia in ICU settings, as well as the place occupied by MDR bacteria in these infections.

Methods

It is a prospective study carried out over 10 months on episodes of bacteremia in the ICU of Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital (Rabat, Morocco). Microorganism growth was detected using fluorescent technology, species identification was based on morphological and biochemical characteristics. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed following the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM) and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST).

Results

Among 504 hospitalized patients, sixty-one (12.1%) presented at least one episode of bacteremia. Forty patients (65.6% of bacteremic patients) presented at least one episode of bacteremia due to MDR bacteria. Male gender, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and previous hospitalization were significant risk factors for the acquisition of MDR bacteremia. Isolated bacteria were mainly Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) (n = 62; 68.9%) dominated by Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 19; 21.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 16; 17.8%). MDR bacteria were represented by multi-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 19; 44.2%), extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacterales (n = 9; 20.9%) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (n = 7; 16.3%). Carbapenems (n = 40; 65.6%), Aminoglycosides (n = 32; 52.5%) and Polypeptides (n = 24; 39.3%) were the most used antimicrobials. Mortality rates were 66.6% (n = 40) and 85% (n = 43) in patients with non MDR bacteremia and MDR bacteremia respectively.

Conclusion

Limiting the spread of MDR bacteria and improving the management of bacteremic patients require continuous monitoring of bacteremia as well as adapting the therapeutic and preventive strategy.
Flexural behaviour of hollow reinforced concrete-filled fibreglass tubular beams
Authors: Li Xue , Wang Lian-Guang , Zhang Yao-Sheng , Zhang Ni
Published: August 2022

An experimental and numerical study of hollow reinforced concrete-filled glass-fibre-reinforced polymer tubular beams was carried out. Based on bending tests, the working mechanism and failure modes were studied. A finite-element model was established and the validity was assessed by comparing the experimental and numerical results. The main parameters included the wall thickness of the fibreglass tube, reinforcement ratio, hollow ratio, concrete strength and fibre winding angle. The results indicated that the composite beams failed gradually with considerable ductility. The bending capacity increased by about 12% with every 1 mm increment of the fibreglass tube thickness, increased by about 40% as the reinforcement ratio increased from 2.28% to 4.56%, and increased by about 6% with every 5 MPa increment of the concrete strength. The bending capacity decreased and then increased as the fibre winding angles ranged from 10° to 90°, and a small fibre winding angle was preferable for the flexural member. A hollow ratio of 0.375 is proved to be applicable to obtain lighter member self-weight with minimal decrease in strength.
Federal Reserve Board Statistical Releases: a Publications History (Revision)
Authors: Seldin Sian L.
Published: August 2022

The Federal Reserve Board has published extensive statistical information on the U.S. economy and banking industry since 1914. This information has been published in various formats, usually referred to as “statistical releases.” The titles and release numbers of the publications have changed frequently. Federal Reserve Board Statistical Releases: A Publications History describes these changes; it is a convenient tool that lightens the burden of tracing the titles and release numbers by providing their history in a single location. This revision updates a previous paper published in 2016. It contains content changes for various statistical releases from 2016 to 2022.
Inflation Measured Every Day Keeps Adverse Responses Away: Temporal Aggregation and Monetary Policy Transmission
Authors: Jacobson Margaret M. , Matthes Christian , Walker Todd B.
Published: August 2022

Using daily inflation data from the Billion Prices Project [Cavallo and Rigobon (2016)], we show how temporal aggregation biases estimates of monetary policy transmission. We argue that the information mismatch between private agents and the econometrician —the source of temporal aggregation bias —is equally important as the more studied mismatch between private agents and the central bank (the “Fed information effect”). We find that the adverse response of daily inflation to high-frequency monetary policy shocks is short-lived, if present at all, in impulse responses from both local projections and an unobserved components model of inflation dynamics. To reconcile how one can obtain a sizable adverse response with monthly or quarterly data when only a limited adverse response exists at a higher frequency, we appeal to a simple monetary policy model and show how temporal aggregation bias can exacerbate initial impulse response functions. Because our modeling results are generic and macroeconomic indicators are published with a lag, we argue that temporal aggregation bias will be a key feature of the nascent field of high-frequency macroeconomics.
Maternar y paternar: transformando prácticas de autoridad, comunicación y cercanía vinculante
Authors: Álvarez Berrío Johana Andrea , Ramírez Correa Lina Marcela , Giraldo Hurtado Cristina María
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Este texto recrea reflexiones sobre la parentalidad construidas por padres1 con hijos2 en proceso de seguimiento comportamental en la institución educativa, contrastando su historia familiar con el significado de parentalidad y las demandas culturales e institucionales que enfrenta este rol. Metodología. Se utilizó la metodología cualitativa con enfoque fenomenológico hermenéutico, la modalidad fue relatos de vida y entrevistas a profundidad semiestructuradas. Resultados y conclusión. Los resultados fueron tratados a partir de los aportes de la cultura matríztica, conduciendo a las autoras a considerar que hay una fuerza en ellos emanada del amor y el cuidado, que los convoca a trascender mandatos históricos para adentrarse en nuevas concepciones de autoridad, comunicación y cercanía.
Resignificación de las relaciones familiares durante el afrontamiento familiar del cáncer infantil. Encuentro dialógico con tres familias de la Fundación Alejandra Vélez Mejía
Authors: González Salazar Ángela María
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Resignificar las relaciones familiares durante el afrontamiento del cáncer infantil a través de un encuentro dialógico con tres familias de la Fundación Alejandra Vélez Mejía. Metodología. Investigación cualitativa de tipo hermenéutico; encuentros conversacionales con entrevistas a profundidad con tres familias a partir de la experiencia de afrontamiento de la enfermedad crónica de sus hijos. Resultados y conclusión. Percepciones de abandonos en la familia como estresor en las relaciones familiares; duelos familiares anticipados por pérdidas percibidas y reconocimiento de saberes familia - institución de salud. La familia en un ritual de bienvenida a un nuevo estilo de vida: nuevos roles, vínculos y dilemas que representa el cáncer infantil. En los procesos de intervención en crisis se fortalece la capacidad dialógica de las personas y las familias, con énfasis en la escucha de niños, niñas, adolescentes y familias a través de la crítica reflexiva, el diálogo constructivo, la conversación y la narrativa.
Reinserción familiar y laboral de inmigrantes colombianos retornados desde España.
Authors: Castro Yeim
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Este artículo tiene como propósito analizar algunas repercusiones del retorno migratorio internacional sobre la vida familiar, dando cuenta del regreso como proceso de reinserción multidimensional. Metodología. El material empírico se sustenta en entrevistas a profundidad con 18 grupos familiares, en donde al menos uno de los progenitores retornó a Colombia. Resultados y conclusión. A partir de una construcción tipológica, los resultados señalan que el regreso es un proceso sinuoso, complejo, en el que predomina la asincronía de expectativas entre los diferentes integrantes del hogar. Aunque los procesos de reincorporación familiar menos exitosos se caracterizan por la precaria reinserción de los retornantes al mercado laboral, el acogimiento familiar resulta decisivo para lograr un reacomodo integral, en tanto que la parentela no migrante representa el soporte material y social que actúa como una especie de cemento, que permite atizar el sentido de pertenencia.
Consumer society, hedonism and healthy selfishness on dink - double income no kids – couples in the city of Medellin, Colombia.
Authors: Bernal Vélez Isabel Cristina , García Villa Santiago , Tabares David Alejandra , David Salas Juanita
Published: August 2022

Objective. To inquire about the characteristics, dynamics and perspectives of the phenomenon of the DINK (Double Income, No Kids) couples in the city of Medellin (Colombia). Methodology. It was qualitative research. Results and conclusions. 11 DINK couples were identified, the presence of hedonism and the constant search for healthy selfishness was meaningful, which invites couples to have a lifestyle marked by self-realization.
Sensory modulation dysfunction in child victims of trauma from four residential care sites in southern Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Joseph R , van der Linde J , Franzsen D
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: The ability to modulate sensory input or the way an individual responds to sensory information, to create an appropriate adaptive response may be influenced by exposure to trauma. The study aimed to describe sensory modulation dysfunction in child victims of trauma in clinical settings in a residential urban South African setting. METHOD: A descriptive quantitative research design was implemented. Using purposive sampling, child victims of trauma from four residential care sites were selected. The Child Sensory Profile"™ 2 was completed on 128 children by childcare workers. RESULTS: Of the participants 91.4 % (117) were identified with sensory modulation dysfunction with only 8.6% (11) participants displaying no symptoms and scoring 'just like the majority of others' in all categories of the summary scores. More than 50% of the participants presented with sensory thresholds and self-regulation according to Sensory Avoidance, Sensory Sensitivity and Low Registration Quadrants that were 'more than others and much more than others'. Over 50% of participants also displayed difficulty in Touch Sensory Processing and Social-Emotional and Attentional Behaviours, in the 'more than others and much more than others' range. The sensory profile for this sample of Child Victims of Trauma, differed significantly from typical children 'just like the majority of others', indicating a vigilant sensory subtype with increased sensory sensitivity and sensory avoiding. CONCLUSION: A high percentage of child victims of trauma presented with sensory modulation dysfunction, mostly with low thresholds for sensory input. Sensory Modulation dysfunction leads to a disruption in self-regulation and adaptive behaviour affecting participation in occupations
Designing a motor skill intervention for preschool children in a low-income rural setting in South Africa: A Delphi study
Authors: van der Walt J , Plastow N , Unger M
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: There is a high prevalence of motor skill impairment among pre-school children in rural low socio-economic areas. While therapy input is paramount, resources are limited. This Delphi study aimed to determine what the components would be of a feasible, cost-effective motor skill intervention for pre-school children in a rural, low socio-economic area of South Africa METHOD: A three-round Delphi study was conducted with experts in the field, including occupational therapists, physiotherapists, kinder kineti-cists and teachers. The first round investigated demographic details of participants and agreement of participants on role players, structure and content of an intervention. Subsequent rounds' questions followed up on participants' comments and areas of dissent. Agreement was calculated at 75% or mean >4 RESULTS: Outcomes suggest that a school-based, small-group programme, facilitated by the teaching team, but with clear guidelines, support and advice from therapists should be feasible in a low-income rural context. Inclusivity of intervention groups and aim-formulation proved to be controversial issues that need further investigation CONCLUSION: The results from this study helped develop a guide for motor skill intervention for pre-school children in low socio-economic and rural areas
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor Treatment Timing does not Impact Survival in Stage 4 Colon Cancer Treatment: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Johnson Braden , Pham Tony , Young Kate , Bantis Leonidas , Sun Weijing , Kasi Anup
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Colon cancer impacts the lives of Kansans and those across the United State.(1, 2) Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, such as panitumumab and cetuximab, have gained popularity as first-line treatment for stage 4 colon cancer despite their toxicities.(3-5) EGFR inhibitors are an efficacious first-line treatment for stage 4 colon cancer, but no study has investigated outcomes comparing EGFR inhibitors as first-line treatment to it used as second- or third-line treatment. This study investigates EGFR inhibitor therapy estimated survival when used as first-, second-, and third-line.
Methods. A retrospective review was done for patients with stage 4 colon cancer who underwent EGFR inhibitor treatment at a large academic center from November 2007 to August 2021. The patients were stratified into five groups by the line in which they received the EGFR inhibitor treatment. A log-rank test was used to analyze the groups, and the median survival for each group was determined.
Results. A total of 68 patients were reviewed; 18 received first-line, 23 received second-line, 18 received third-line, 6 received fourth-line, and 3 received sixth-line treatment with an EGFR inhibitor. Fourth- and sixth-line therapies were excluded due to the small patient size. There was no significant difference in estimated survival time between any of the lines. Median survival of the therapies was found.
Conclusions. There is no statistical difference in survival when EGFR inhibitors are used as first-, second-, or third-line for stage 4 colon cancer which should be considered when prescribing chemotherapy second- or third-line for this cancer.
Rural and Urban Ecologies of Early Childhood Toxic Lead Exposure -- the State of Kansas, 2005 to 2012
Authors: Yeter Deniz , Woodall Deena , Dietrich Matthew , Polivka Barbara
Published: August 2022

Introduction. No safe detectable level of lead (Pb) exists in the blood of children. Until recently, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines designate a blood lead level (BLL) ≥5 µg/dL as an elevated BLL (EBLL). For the State of Kansas, early childhood blood lead burdens lack reporting in the literature.
Methods. Secondary analysis of passively-reported EBLL rates ≥5 µg/dL among children ages 0–5 years at the zip code-level in Kansas during 2005 to 2012. Data weights using corresponding population estimates were applied to produce statewide outcomes.
Results. Statewide estimates of annual testing coverage in Kansas among children ages 0–5 years were low (9.7%).  Approximately 17,000 children ages 0–5 years developed an EBLL ≥5 µg/dL each year in Kansas with a 6.9% statewide EBLL rate compared to the national rate of 3.2% for the corresponding years. Significant variations in EBLL rates were found between suburban zip codes compared to urban, urban cluster, or rural at 3.1%, 7.2%, 8.8%, and 10.0% respectively. Among the worst outcomes in EBLL rates was observed for zip codes in Southeast Kansas (13.5%) and rural areas with <500 persons (15.1%).
Conclusions. Young children in Kansas have twice the risk of developing an EBLL ≥5 µg/dL compared to the national rate, while higher rates are consistently seen outside of the suburbs and particularly in rural areas. At-risk children and troubled areas of toxic lead exposure in the State of Kansas require increased recognition with improved targeting and interventions.
Otpornost u vrijeme pandemije: primjer obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava
Authors: Bokan Nataša , Menardi Marta
Published: August 2022

Cilj rada bio je utvrditi koje su strategije opstanka na tržištu obiteljska poljoprivredna gospodarstva primijenila te u kojoj su se mjeri pokazala otpornima na izazove nastale promjenama na tržištu uslijed pandemije COVID-19. Podaci su prikupljeni metodom polustrukturiranog intervjua, na neprobabilističkom uzorku nositelja obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava, a analizirani su pomoću kodiranja u sklopu tematske analize. Rezultati su pokazali da su obiteljska poljoprivredna gospodarstva uslijed krize izazvane pandemijom morala izmijeniti svoj način poslovanja. Obiteljska poljoprivredna gospodarstva postigla su određenu otpornost potrebnu da opstanu na tržištu kroz diversifikaciju i multifunkcionalnost. Generalizacija je valjana na analitičkoj razini na kojoj je zabilježen niz strategija potrebnih obiteljskim poljoprivrednim gospodarstvima kako bi (p)ostala otporna tijekom pandemije. Dodatni je doprinos rada rijetko istraživana perspektiva poljoprivrednika, zatim aktualnost istraživanja o utjecaju pandemijskih okolnosti na obiteljska poljoprivredna gospodarstva nalazi kojih pokazuju promjene koje su uvela obiteljska gospodarstva, a koje bi se mogle smatrati modelom stvaranja otpornosti obiteljskih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava neovisno o pandemiji.
Obrazovna iskustva i aspiracije mladih na otoku – primjer otoka Ugljana
Authors: Papić Ana
Published: August 2022

Otoci su geografski izolirana područja koja karakterizira nepovoljna demografska slika. Najčešće se govori o odlasku mladih radi potrebe za obrazovanje te radi demotivirajućeg ambijenta što dovodi do „izumiranja otoka“. Ovim se istraživanjem nastojalo saznati kako su mladi na otoku Ugljanu formirali svoje obrazovne aspiracije i odluke usmjerene na visoko obrazovanje. Provedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje odnosno intervju, a uzorak se sastojao od 21 sugovornika (18-24 godine) koji su se odlučili ili planiraju visoko obrazovanje. Istraživanje je pokazalo da na formiranje obrazovnih aspiracija djeluju različiti aspekti – život na otoku, dosadašnje obrazovno iskustvo, utjecaj okoline, percepcija obrazovanja i otoka. Iako mladi uglavnom navode kako su samostalno donijeli odluke u vezi svog školovanja ipak je vidljivo kako su se te obrazovne aspiracije i odluke formirale duže vrijeme i pod utjecajem značajnih drugih. Također zaključuju kako otok Ugljan nije poticajan za mlade, obrazovane ljude zbog slabih životnih mogućnosti.
Overview of scRNA-seq of Human Knee Meniscus v1
Authors: not provided molmer
Published: August 2022

The overview provides sub-protocols for each step required to complete scRNA-seq from human knee meniscus.
Prevalence of Turkish Parent Refusal and Hesitance Rate and Its Associated Factors in Childhood Vaccination
Authors: ÖZLEM ALI , ÖZLEM ARZU , KOÇAK MESUT , MEHMET NIMETCAN
Published: August 2022

The Rejection of childhood vaccination is still a major issue in many countries. The aim of the study was to assess prevalence of Turkish parent refusal and hesitance rate and its associated factors in Childhood vaccination. A crosssectional study was carried out at the General Pediatric Poly Clinic of Ankara Keçören Training and Research Hospital from January – to April 2020. Data was collected using a questionnaire via face to face interviews with parents. We included parents who have 6 months to 7 years old children, who visited the clinic during the study period and who accepted to join the study. A total of 809 mothers and 132 fathers participated in the survey. Among the parents, 1.2% of them refused the vaccination of their children and 4.8 % of them had incomplete vaccination of their children. More than half (67.4%) of the parents have a high level of knowledge about vaccines. knowledge level was statistically significantly different based on the participant’s occupation, income, education background and father’s age (P <0.05). A majority (72.2%) of the participants had good attitudes toward childhood vaccination, there is no statistically significance based on their occupation, age, income and education background (P > 0.05). Parents with one child had bad attitudes towards vaccines (35.4%). Keywords: Childhood vaccine; vaccine hesitance; vaccine rejection
Hiding in Plain Sight: The Legitimacy of Labour Standards Clauses in the EU–Ukraine Collaboration
Authors: De Deugd Nienke , Van Roozendaal Gerda
Published: August 2022

Legitimacy is essential for compliance. Agreements between the European Union and Ukraine contain a commitment to enhance labour standards. Certain audiences view this commitment as just symbolic and reflective of the low degree of legitimacy the commitment has. All this could now change following Ukraine’s requested accession to the EU.
Growth pole policy, spatial transformation and spatial inequalities in the metropolitan areas of Romania
Authors: Benedek József , Cosmina-Daniela Ursu , Ştefana Varvari
Published: August 2022

The recent increase of regional inequalities in Europe, and in particular in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) has led to the reconsideration and revival of the “growth pole” concept in academic fields like regional economics, economic geography and spatial planning. In contrast to the classical view developed by French economists, the new policy-led approach on growth poles is emphasizing a much broader perspective. Designed for the reduction of regional inequalities, the rebirth of growth poles concept in the development planning practice triggered an important debate about the relation between spatial inequalities, economic growth and development. This article provides a critical overview and assessment of growth pole policy and spatial inequalities in Romania. The main objective is the analysis of the spatial change in the metropolitan areas of the seven growth poles by taking into consideration four groups of indicators: demographic, economic, housing and land use. The empirical results show a differentiated socio-spatial dynamic of the metropolitan areas, although being designated and treated as national growth poles. Moreover, there is no evidence for the adequateness of the growth pole spatial planning tool to its main objective: the reduction of spatial inequalities. In this case a crisis (increasing spatial inequalities and peripheralization) has not generated any transformative power in spatial planning, which rises serious doubts about the innovative capacities of the spatial development policies.
Order Selection in a Finite Mixture of Birnbaum-Saunders Distributions
Authors: EL- Sharkawy Walaa , Ismail Moshira
Published: August 2022

One of the most significant and difficult problems in a mixture study is the selection of the number of components. In this paper, using a Monte Carlo study, we evaluate and compare the performance of several information criteria for selecting the number of components arising from a mixture of Birnbaum-Saunders distributions. In our comparison, we consider information criteria based on likelihood-based statistics and classification likelihood-based statistics. The performance of information criteria is determined based on the success rate in selecting the number of components. In the simulation study, we investigate the effect of degrees of separation, sample sizes, mixing proportions, and true model complexity on the performance of information criteria. Furthermore, we compare the performance of the proposed information criteria under unpenalized and penalized estimation. Finally, we discuss the performance of the proposed information criteria for a real data set.
Accessibility of Digital Devices to Preschool Children: Differences in Parents’ Positions
Authors: Klopotova E.E. , Smirnova S.Y. , Rubtsova O.V. , Sorokova M.G.
Published: August 2022

Introduction. The article presents the results of an empirical study, aimed at revealing the peculiarities of parent position concerning the use of gadgets by preschool children on a Russian sample. Objective. The article focuses on the phenomenon of parents’ inconsistent position concerning the use of digital devices by preschoolers. Methods. The study was conducted in February-April, 2021. The questionnaire, elaborated by the authors of the study, was disseminated in social networks. 6376 parents of preschoolers aged from 2 to 7 from Russian Federation participated in the study. The collected data was analyzed with the help of quantitative and qualitative methods. Results and conclusions. The results of the study testify that most Russian parents demonstrate a coherent position in relation to accessibility of digital media to their children — they either give their children limited access to gadgets (66,1%), or completely ban it (5%). A big group of parents (28,9%) give rather controversial answers to questions concerning the accessibility of digital devices to their children, which testifies that they have no coherent strategy. The research demonstrates that many Russian parents face difficulties in organizing their children’s interaction with gadgets and testifies that it is important to organize parents’ counselling and education in relation to these challenges.