bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the implementation of multidisciplinary collaboration at nursing homes in Jakarta, Indonesia: A descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Royani  , Hamid Achir Yani S. , Rekawati Etty , Darmawan Ede Surya
Published: June 2024

Background: A well-functioning multidisciplinary team optimizes resource utilization and reduces care redundancy, fragmentation, and wastage. Collaborative efforts yield a clearer understanding of older people’s needs and desires, significantly reducing hospitalization days. Despite limited studies, particularly in Indonesia, investigating professionals’ experiences in implementing multidisciplinary collaboration in government nursing homes, nursing care quality remains a concern.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the implementation of multidisciplinary collaboration in nursing homes from the perspectives of various disciplines.
Methods: A descriptive phenomenological study was used with semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with multidisciplinary care providers, including nurses, doctors, social workers, physiotherapists, psychologists, occupational and recreational activity instructors, and clergy in nursing homes owned by the Jakarta provincial government. A total of 64 participants were involved, and data were collected from September 2022 to July 2023. Data were analyzed using content-based analysis.
Results: Three main themes emerged: 1) context of multiple collaborations, 2) barriers to implementing multiple collaborations, and 3) impacts of non-optimal multidisciplinary collaborations. Nursing home management’s multidisciplinary teams predominantly implement professional-centered care with limited support systems. While providers generally perceive collaboration positively, shared responsibility and joint work among professionals are lacking.
Conclusion: This study highlights the need to improve multidisciplinary collaboration in nursing homes to enhance care quality for older individuals. While providers view collaboration positively, barriers like a lack of shared responsibility and joint work persist. Enhancing teamwork cohesion through improved communication and integrated case reporting systems is crucial. Addressing human resource and systemic barriers is also vital. By overcoming these challenges, nursing homes can optimize resource use, reduce care redundancy, and better meet the diverse needs of older residents.
Factors associated with self-management behaviors among Chinese adults with ischemic stroke: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Xiaoxiao , Samartkit Niphawan , Masingboon Khemaradee
Published: June 2024

Background: In China, adults with ischemic stroke are getting younger. Additionally, following a stroke, they often neglect self-management (SM), which significantly impacts the rehabilitation process and treatment outcomes.
Objective: This study aimed to describe SM behavior and examine the relationship between stroke prevention knowledge, life stress, family relationships, and SM behavior among adults with ischemic stroke.
Methods: A total of 125 participants were recruited between October 2022 and March 2023 based on defined inclusion criteria. Research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, the Stroke Self-management Behavior Scale for Young Adults, the Stroke Prevention Knowledge Questionnaire, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Brief Family Relationship Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s product-moment correlation.
Results: The mean score of SM behavior was 88.1 out of 130 (SD = 16.5). Stroke prevention knowledge and family relationships showed a moderate positive significant relationship with SM behavior (r = 0.39, r = 0.34, p <0.001, respectively). Life stress had a significant negative relationship with SM behavior (r = -0.33, p <0.001).
Conclusion: The findings offer insights for nurses to develop nursing interventions to promote SM behavior among adults with stroke. Furthermore, they can assist hospitals in transitioning care to the community by emphasizing holistic nursing practices that educate about stroke prevention knowledge, encourage family support, and provide stress management strategies to enhance the SM abilities of adults with stroke.
Concordance in the healthcare context: A concept analysis
Authors: Taiwong Anucha , Uppor Wassana , Vibulchai Nisakorn
Published: June 2024

Background: The concept of concordance and its usage are indicative of patient-centered healthcare, which encourages an equitable collaboration between patients and clinicians. However, there is a lack of clarity in understanding concordance, and an analysis of this concept is warranted.
Objective: This paper seeks to explore the essence of the concordance concept in the healthcare context.
Methods: Walker and Avant’s eight-step method of concept analysis was applied. A literature search was conducted using concordance AND concord as keywords on CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane database, and ScienceDirect databases, published between 2006 and 2022.
Results: The attributes of concordance include communication process, therapeutic partnership, and agreement on treatment regimens. Antecedents of concordance comprise provider-patient relationship, patients’ beliefs, healthcare providers’ characteristics, and complexity of treatment plans. Consequences are improved adherence and compliance, improved clinical outcomes, and better quality of life.
Conclusion: This paper offers clarification of concordance by presenting its antecedents, attributes, and consequences. The findings serve as a basis for developing assessments and nursing interventions to promote patient concordance. Nurses can use the findings to encourage concordance by establishing a trusty relationship during health encounters that respects patients’ beliefs and effectively communicating to improve patients’ understanding in dealing with complex treatment plans.
Kemikler Üzerindeki Fiziksel Tahribatın Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile İncelenmesi
Authors: Yalçın Sarıbey Aylin , Ağartancan Alper
Published: June 2024

Adli bağlamda suçun gizlenmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilen kundaklama, cesedin suya bırakılması veya gömülmesi gibi eylemler kemiklerde postmortem değişikliklere yol açabilmektedir. Bu konuda Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi (FT-IR) spektroskopisi, adli amaçlarla detaylı bir inceleme için etkili bir araç olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu araştırmanın odak noktası, kemiklerdeki postmortem değişikliklerin, ön işleme tabi tutulmadan Zayıflatılmış Toplam Yansıma (ATR)-FT-IR spektroskopisi kullanılarak ayırt edilebilirliğini araştırmaktır. Çalışma kapsamında 14 farklı kemik numunesi çeşitli hasarlara maruz bırakılarak ATR-FT-IR spektroskopisi ile detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, yanmış kemik dışındaki hasarlı kemiklerin FTIR spektrumlarında ortak absorbans bantlarına rastlandığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca, PCA (Temel Bileşen Analizi) kullanılarak kemiklerde meydana gelen tahribatın %93 ila %100 arasında bir ayırt edilebilirlik oranına sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, adli bilimler alanında gerçekleştirilecek ileri çalışmalara yönlendirici ve yardımcı olabilecek nitelikte değerlendirilmiştir.
A Battlefield of Textual Elements: Bookishness in Magic: The Gathering
Authors: Glickman Seth
Published: June 2024

The Magic: The Gathering trading card is an underexplored bookish medium for literary theory and print culture that promotes the interrogation of existing conventions of authorship, paratext, and ephemerality. By focusing on the Magic card through a literary lens rather than one of game studies, the cards reveal as much about themselves as they reveal about literary theory. As a user centric medium, Magic cards connect to the larger history of commonplace books and support Barthes’ claim of author death. Conversely, the diverse discursive contexts in which Magic cards are used demonstrate the usefulness of Foucault’s “author function”. Additionally, the compact size of the Magic card creates tension that strains paratextual understandings of unity. By looking at the Magic card as a bookish form, current theoretical understandings are further developed, and real word applications, creating anti-racist spaces and promoting nonlinear and communal storytelling, become demystified.
Melting Wax and Warming Hearts: Heartstopper, Scented Candles, and Bookish Social Media
Authors: Noble Malcolm
Published: June 2024

A flourishing market in literary-scented candles offers olfactory bookish experiences has received little attention from scholars. Whilst the literature on bookishness has not considered candles, they provide a useful perspective from which to consider our relationship to books. Bookish candles transcend the purely olfactory, as their use is often in photographs alongside books, as part of bookish social media culture. I consider how bookish candles, scented and otherwise, through four dynamics: attentiveness to the materiality of books, direct evocation of literary aspects with textual support, expansion beyond the text, and more creative and abstract responses. I draw on notions of affective bibliography, as well as ideas of diegetic and non-diegetic sound from film studies, and argue for a wider bibliography drawing on transmedia approaches to understand this aspect of print culture. I explore the YA phenomenon of Heartstopper through a consideration of candles inspired by Heartstopper sold on Etsy, and made and shared by users on TikTok as examples of bibliographic practices and bibliographical, which not only tell us about what books mean to their owners, but also add an olfactory dimension to our understanding of bookish objects.
Analisis Peran Kepemimpinan Transformasional dalam Memediasi Konflik Interpersonal pada Organisasi Karang Taruna
Authors: Muttaqin Izzul , Dewi Karina Setyo , Agustina Latifah
Published: June 2024

This article discusses the application of transformational leadership in mediating interpersonal conflicts in the Karang Taruna organizational environment. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection instruments, namely open interviews and non-participant observation, this research explores how elements of transformational leadership, including inspiration, motivation and involvement, play a crucial role in shaping the dynamics of relationships between members and leaders to achieve common goals. The results show that transformational leadership is not only a mediator of conflict, but also an agent of change that can turn conflict into opportunities for growth and learning. Leaders who successfully implement this approach enable open communication, build trust, and encourage productive collaboration. In this research, the Karang Taruna organizational context presents a comprehensive picture of transformational leadership practices. Practical implications of these findings include improving conflict management, increasing organizational member satisfaction, and creating an environment that supports individual and group growth. This study not only provides a strong theoretical foundation, but also provides practical insights that can help leaders and managers improve their leadership effectiveness in managing interpersonal conflict. The conclusion of this article provides a valuable contribution to the development of transformational leadership practices to mediate interpersonal conflicts in the Karang Taruna organization and similar organizations.
THE ROLE OF GREEN INNOVATION IN MEDIATING THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON COMPANY VALUE IN A CORPORATE LIFE CYCLE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Estuti Eni Puji , Natoil Natoil
Published: June 2024

Issues regarding the environment are one of the important topics in global economic discussions today. The high expectations of the public about the need for companies to become more environmentally responsible. There are many ways that a company can do for the welfare of the surrounding community. Corporate Social Responsibility has been proven to influence green innovation. Green Innovation has a significant positive effect on firm value. Companies that disclose and issue CSR expenses in the current period will increase the company's value in the future. Green Innovation increases company value. CSR and GI have more impact on increasing the value of the company in the growth stage.
MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI KUALITAS PELAYANAN, PERSEPSI HARGA DAN LOKASI PADA KONSUMEN PT. ALYA TOUR SEMARANG
Authors: Sasono Eko , Sopi Sopi , Prasetyo Rizki Adi
Published: June 2024

Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas layanan, persepsi harga dan lokasi terhadap kepuasan pelanggan di PT Alya Tour Semarang. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pelanggan pada PT Alya Tour yang berjumalh 815 orang dan sampel yang diambil 89 responden dengan menggunakan rumus slovin dengan teknik insindental. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dengan metode analisis yang digunakan regresi linier berganda, uji t, uji F dan koefesien determinasi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas layanan, persepsi harga dan lokasi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Pihak PT Alya Tour hendaknya berusaha senantiasa memperhatikan tingkat harga yang ditetapkan dan membandingkan dengan harga pesaing, agar harga yang ditetapkan merupakan harga yang bersaing mengingat PT Alya Tour bukan merupakan satu-satunya perusahaan penyedia jasa tour dan travel yang berada di Semarang.
ANALISIS PENGARUH INFORMASI ARUS KAS, LABA KOTOR, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, RETURN ON ASSET (ROA) DAN DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER) TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM
Authors: Setiyanti Sri Wiranti , Heridiansyah Jefri , Zai Aliyanus
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh informasi arus kas operasi, arus kas investasi, arus kas pendanaan, laba kotor, ukuran perusahaan, Retun On Asset (ROA), dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) terhadap return saham pada perusahaan yang masuk dalam daftar LQ45 di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2018-2022.Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan sampel 21 perusahaan. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dengan dokumentasi menggunakan media cetak. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik dan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa arus kas operasi, arus kas investasi, arus kas pendanaan, laba kotor, ukuran perusahaan, Retun On Asset (ROA), dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap return saham dengan nilai signifikan > 0,05.
FUNGSI ADMINISTRATIF DALAM MENDUKUNG PROFESIONALISME KARYAWAN DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Risnawati V Naniek , Suhartomo AF Toni
Published: June 2024

Abstract. In the digital era, administrative functions have a crucial role in supporting employee professionalism, especially in the context of providing excellent service in the field of education. Efficient administration occurs when employees have quick and easy access to the information needed to deliver high-quality services in developing their institutions. Digitized administrative processes enable swift responses to problem-solving and enhance efficiency in service handling. Moreover, through the use of digital technology, information can be managed more effectively, allowing for greater service and more accurate needs fulfillment. Thus, advanced administrative functions in the digital era not only support employee professionalism but also serve as a key component in providing satisfactory customer service.
Keyword: administrative, digital era, excellent service
Abstraksi. Dalam era digital, fungsi administratif memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung profesionalisme karyawan, terutama dalam konteks pelayanan prima dalam bidang pendidikan. Administrasi yang efisien terjadi ketika karyawan memiliki akses yang cepat dan mudah terhadap informasi yang diperlukan untuk memberikan pelayanan berkualitas tinggi dalam mengembangkan lembaganya. Proses administratif yang terdigitalisasi memungkinkan respons yang cepat terhadap penyelesaian masalah dan meningkatkan efisiensi dalam penanganan layanan. Selain itu, melalui penggunaan teknologi digital, informasi dapat dikelola dengan lebih baik, memungkinkan layanan yang lebih besar dan pemenuhan kebutuhan yang lebih akurat. Dengan demikian, fungsi administratif yang canggih dalam era digital tidak hanya mendukung profesionalisme karyawan tetapi juga merupakan kunci dalam memberikan pelayanan prima yang memuaskan.
Kata kunci: administrasi, era digital, pelaynanan prima
ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL RATIO ON INFLUENCING THE GROWTH OF RESIDUAL OPERATING RESULTS IN SAVINGS AND LOAN COOPERATIVES (KSP)
Authors: Pranoto Sarastanto Aulia Heru , Sarbullah Sarbullah , Prahmawati Kristi Ary
Published: June 2024

Abstract. This study aims to analyze and explain the influence of CR (Current Ratio), DAR (Debt to Asset Ratio), TATO ( Total Asset Turnover) and NPM (Net Profit Margin) ratios on the growth of Remaining Business Results (RBR) at the Mitra Sejahtera Blora Sayings and Loans Cooperative (SLC) in 2016-2022. This research aims to test the effect CR, DAR, NPM, and ne profit margins on RBR at the cooperative since 2016. The results show that the current ratio has a significant effect on the overall growth of the remaining business results at the cooperative. The DAR ratio has an important effect on the overall growth of RBR. The current ratio, net profit margin, and total assets turnover have an important influence on growth. The NPM ratio has no significant influence on the total assetss turnover. The net profit margin in significant effect is obcerved in the remaining operating results. This means that the number of liabilities under one year or equal to one year is compared to total current assets. Increasing the remaining business results of a cooperative is very dependent on the activities it carries out. In 2022 the current ratio at the Mitra Sejahtera Blora Savings and Loans Cooperative (KSP) will increase to 0.96%. In 2019 and 2020 the current ratio increased to 0.99%, and fell again in 2021 to 0.90%. The greater the remaining business results obtained indicate better financial performance, because the rate of return is greater. And in 2022 the dept to asset ratio at the Mitra Sejahtera Blora Savings and Loans Cooperative (SLC) will increase to 0.71%.
Bioinformatics and systems biology approach to identify the pathogenetic link of neurological pain and major depressive disorder
Authors: Hu Jinjing , Fu Jia , Cai Yuxin , Chen Shuping , Qu Mengjian , Zhang Lisha , Fan Weichao , Wang Ziyi , Zeng Qing , Zou Jihua
Published: June 2024

Neurological pain (NP) is always accompanied by symptoms of depression, which seriously affects physical and mental health. In this study, we identified the common hub genes (Co-hub genes) and related immune cells of NP and major depressive disorder (MDD) to determine whether they have common pathological and molecular mechanisms. NP and MDD expression data was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Common differentially expressed genes (Co-DEGs) for NP and MDD were extracted and the hub genes and hub nodes were mined. Co-DEGs, hub genes, and hub nodes were analyzed for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment. Finally, the hub nodes, and genes were analyzed to obtain Co-hub genes. We plotted Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate the diagnostic impact of the Co-hub genes on MDD and NP. We also identified the immune-infiltrating cell component by ssGSEA and analyzed the relationship. For the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, 93 Co-DEGs were associated with biological processes (BP), such as fibrinolysis, cell composition (CC), such as tertiary granules, and pathways, such as complement, and coagulation cascades. A differential gene expression analysis revealed significant differences between the Co-hub genes ANGPT2, MMP9, PLAU, and TIMP2. There was some accuracy in the diagnosis of NP based on the expression of ANGPT2 and MMP9. Analysis of differences in the immune cell components indicated an abundance of activated dendritic cells, effector memory CD8+ T cells, memory B cells, and regulatory T cells in both groups, which were statistically significant. In summary, we identified 6 Co-hub genes and 4 immune cell types related to NP and MDD. Further studies are needed to determine the role of these genes and immune cells as potential diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets in NP and MDD.
Soybean yield, nutrient use efficiency, and economic returns of phosphorus and potassium in Ghana’s interior savanna
Authors: Awuni George A. , Dodds Darrin M. , Reynolds Daniel B. , Asungre Peter A. , Yahaya Iddrisu , Mahama George Y. , Bella Thomas , Abongo Simon , Goldsmith Peter D.
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) deficiencies are increasingly being reported in Ghana’s interior savanna soils. Smallholder farmers consider soybeans as a “zero-input” crop resulting in low yields and profitability. Studies indicate a positive response to P application; however, knowledge of the synergistic effect of P and K in soybeans is limited. A six-site year experiment was conducted to evaluate the synergy of P and K for soybean yield, partial factor productivity (PFP), agronomic efficiency (AE), rain-use efficiency (RUE), and variable-cost ratio (VCR).

Materials and methods

The treatments were 4 × 4 factorial combinations of P at 0, 25, 50, and 100 P2O5 (kg ha−1) and K at 0, 25, 50, and 100 K2O (kg ha−1), and their combinations laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The soybean cultivar “Favor” (TGx 1844–22E), released and registered by the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), was used as the test crop.

Results and discussion

Flowering time was reduced at Nyankpala and Dokpong by 0.2 and 0.4 (days), while plant height was increased by 4%–18% over control. Yield and RUE increased as P and K rates increased, with the greatest yield from T15 (P100K50) in Manga (2.34 t ha−1) and Nyankpala (2.37 t ha−1), T16 (P100K100) at Dokpong (2.68 t ha−1), and RUE from T15 across locations. The PFP, AE, and VCR values decreased with increasing P and K rates, with the greatest PFP, AE, and VCR from T5 (P25K0) at Manga and Dokpong and T2 (P0K25) at Nyankpala. All treatments exceeded the VCR > 2.0 threshold, except T12 (P50K100) across locations, and T16 at Manga and Nyankpala. The greatest economic returns are T5 at Manga and Dokpong and T2 at Nyankpala.

Conclusion

By all indications, the study justified the use of nutrient input in soybeans of P and K to enhance grain yield and profitability. Avoiding broadcast applications and adopting precision placement using the 4R nutrient principles of right placement, right fertilizer source, right rate, and the right time is key. The study recommends further experiments on different combinations of P and K in a long-term residual study.
Impact of HIV-1 genetic diversity on disease progression: a prospective cohort study in Guangxi
Authors: Pang Xianwu , Huang Jinghua , Tang Kailing , Ma Jie , Fang Ningye , Xie Haomin , He Qin , Zhu Qiuying , Lan Guanghua , Liang Shujia
Published: June 2024

The high proportion of AIDS cases and mortality rates in Guangxi underscores the urgency to investigate the influence of HIV-1 genetic diversity on disease progression in this region. Newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients were enrolled from January 2016 to December 2021, and the follow-up work and detection of CD4+T lymphocytes were carried out every six months until December 2022. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting pre-treatment CD4+T lymphocyte counts, while local weighted regression models (LOESS) and generalized estimating equation models (GEE) were conducted to assess factors influencing CD4+T Lymphocyte Recovery. Cox regression analysis was utilized to examine the impact of subtypes on survival risk. Additionally, HIV-1 env sequences were utilized for predicting CXCR4 and CCR5 receptors. The study encompassed 1867 individuals with pol sequences and 281 with env sequences. Our findings indicate that age over 30, divorced/widowed, peasant, heterosexual infection, CRF01_AE, long-term infection, and Pre-treatment Viral load >10000 copies/ml were factors associated with higher risk for pre-treatment CD4+T lymphocyte decline. Specifically, male gender, age over 30, heterosexual infection (HETs), long-term infection, CRF01_AE, and Pre-treatment CD4 T cell counts below 350/µL were identified as risk factors impeding CD4+T lymphocyte recovery. Pre-treatment CD4+T lymphocyte counts and recovery in individuals infected with CRF01_AE were lower compared to CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B. Additionally, CRF01_AE and CRF08_BC subtypes exhibited higher mortality rates than CRF07_BC, CRF55_01B, and other subtypes. Notably, CRF01_AE demonstrated the highest percentage of CXCR4 affinity ratios. This research unveils the intricate influence of HIV-1 gene diversity on CD4+T lymphocyte dynamics and clinical outcomes. It highlights the multifaceted nature of HIV infection in Guangxi, providing novel insights into subtype-specific disease progression among HIV-infected individuals in this region.
Systematic review of invention education research landscape: state of the discipline and future directions
Authors: Dalela Suhani , Ahmed Muhammad S.
Published: June 2024

Invention and innovation education and its associated practices (e.g., problem-finding, problem-defining, learning from failure, iterative problem-solving, innovation-focused curricula, collaboration, and maker spaces) are moving from the periphery to the center of education at an ever-increasing pace. Although the research and literature on invention and innovation education, collectively termed as Invention Education (IvE) in this research, is on the rise, to our knowledge no attempt has been made to systematically review the literature available on the topic. To address this gap, we identify, collect, and systematically review scientific literature on IvE. We conduct Bibliometrix-based and targeted analysis to identify the topics, sources, authors, and articles most cited, as well as prominent countries publishing IvE literature. Another objective of this research is to uncover the intellectual, conceptual, and social structures of IvE. A third objective is to identify the progress made and the challenges being faced in furthering IvE and propose future directions. Our review shows that the field has seen substantial growth, especially in recent years particularly in the United States. Research shows IvE’s importance in nurturing a well-rounded, innovative, and skilled future workforce, emphasizing creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, adaptability, and problem-solving skills. Although with a plethora of curricula and K-20 programs in United States, followed by South Korea, and China, IvE lacks unifying conceptualization, definitions and frameworks. The lack of commonly accepted terms and theoretical bases, and difficulties integrating invention into STEM coursework, are compounded by barriers like resource limitations, curriculum constraints, and the need for teacher training and support. The review underscores the need for IvE to address and dismantle inventor stereotypes and cultivate a diverse and inclusive generation of innovators. It points to the impact of gender and stereotypes on participation in IvE programs and the importance of promoting equity and access to IvE opportunities for all students. The article concludes with a discussion of challenges and future research directions to address them.
Association between frailty and gestational diabetes mellitus: a bidirectional and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Li Xiao , Xiong Rui
Published: June 2024

Background

The causality between frailty and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has not yet been fully explored. A potential bidirectional causality was also needed to be confirmed.

Methods

A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted, with frailty-related data was collected from UK Biobank and TwinGen and GDM-related data was collected from the FinnGen consortium. We performed univariable and multivariable-adjusted MR with adjustments for body mass index (BMI). Several methodologies of MR were conducted to confirm the robustness of results.

Results

Frailty was significantly associated with elevated risks of GDM (OR, 3.563; 95% CI, 1.737 to 7.309; P< 0.001) and GDM was also significantly associated with elevated risks of frailty (β, 0.087; 95% CI, 0.040 to 0.133; P< 0.001). There is no evidence demonstrating the existence of horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. This association was robust after adjustments for BMI. The sensitivity analyses with Weighted median, Maximum likelihood, Penalised weighted median, MR Egger and MR PRESSO methods indicated consistent results.

Conclusion

Our study provides evidence of the bidirectional causal association between frailty and GDM from genetic perspectives, signaling that the identification and assessment of frailty should become a standard strategy during the early stages and care of gestational diabetes.
Association between tertiary lymphoid structures and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Li Lingli , Guo Yusheng , Gong Bingxin , Wang Sichen , Wang Maggie Meijia , Sun Peng , Jiang Shanshan , Yang Lian
Published: June 2024

Background

Although numerous studies have reported the association between tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), there remains a lack of a newer and more comprehensive meta-analysis. The main objective of this study is to explore prognostic biomarkers in immunotherapy-related patients, through analyzing the associations between tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with ICIs, so as to investigate their prognostic value in cancer patients treated with ICIs.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted until February 2024 across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases to identify relevant studies evaluating the association between tertiary lymphoid structures and clinical outcomes in cancer patients treated with ICIs. The clinical outcomes were overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR).

Results

Thirteen studies were incorporated in this meta-analysis, among which nine evaluated the prognostic value of TLSs. The results showed the high levels of TLSs predicted a significantly prolonged OS (pooled HR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.24–0.53, p < 0.001) and PFS (pooled HR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.31–0.72, p < 0.001), while lower ORR (pooled OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 2.26–6.33, p < 0.001) in cancer patients treated with ICIs.

Conclusion

Our results indicated that high levels of TLSs could predict a favorable prognosis for cancer patients treated with ICIs and have the potential to become a prognostic biomarker of immunotherapy-related patients.
Prediction and analysis of components and functions of Ixeris chinensis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Ni Ziwei , Ma Zhe , Qiao Xiaoting , Guo Yaqian , Ruan Cailian , Wang Yayun , Yang Ying
Published: June 2024

Background

It is reported that the Ixeris chinensis has high medicinal value, but there are few reports about its potential molecular mechanism. We used a network pharmacology approach to predict the active ingredients, targets of action and possible interventions in diseases of Ixeris chinensis.

Methods

We employed various databases and software to predict the active ingredients, target genes, protein interactions, signaling pathways, network diagrams, and molecular docking of Ixeris chinensis. Simultaneously, we searched multiple Chinese and English databases and conducted meta-analyses of five randomized controlled trials.

Results

The analysis results revealed 12 effective components, including apigenin β-sitosterol, baicalin, baicalein, and luteolin; and selected 40 key targets, including AKT1, TNF, EGFR, ESR1, SRC, among others. GO analysis generated 225 biological processes, 39 cellular components, and 65 molecular functions; KEGG analysis revealed 103 signaling pathways. Molecular docking results indicated that the main active components of Ixeris chinensis can bind well with key targets. Five randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analysis showed that Ixeris extract can effectively reduce animal blood lipid levels.

Conclusion

This study revealed the main active ingredients and key targets of Ixeris chinensis, analyzed the signaling pathways of potential targets, conducted disease prediction, and performed molecular docking prediction, providing a basis for research on the pathways of Ixeris treatment for related diseases and subsequent new drug development.
Establishment of a genetic transformation system for cordycipitoid fungus Cordyceps chanhua
Authors: Cai Ruihang , Xiao Yu , Xing Jiajia , Yu Kongjian , Li Xiaola , Chai Yiqiu
Published: June 2024

Cordyceps chanhua is a well-known edible and medicinal mushroom with a long history of use in China, and it contains a variety of secondary metabolites with interesting bioactive ingredients. However, recent researches have mainly focused on cultivation conditions, secondary metabolite compositions and pharmacological activities of C. chanhua, the lack of an efficient and stable genetic transformation system has largely limited further research on the relationship between secondary metabolites and biosynthetic gene clusters in C. chanhua. In this study, single-factor experiments were used to compare the effects of different osmotic stabilizers, enzyme concentrations and enzyme digestion times on protoplast yield, and we found that the highest yield of 5.53 × 108 protoplasts/mL was obtained with 0.7 M mannitol, 6 mg/mL snail enzyme and 4 h of enzyme digestion time, and the regeneration rate of protoplasts was up to approximately 30% using 0.7 M mannitol as an osmotic stabilizer. On this basis, a PEG-mediated genetic transformation system of C. chanhua was successfully established for the first time, which lays the foundation for further genetic transformation of C. chanhua.
No colonization resistance to Campylobacter jejuni in broilers fed brown algal extract-supplemented diets
Authors: Eliasson Eliška , Sun Li , Cervin Gunnar , Pavia Henrik , Tällberg Gustav , Ellström Patrik , Ivarsson Emma
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis is the most commonly reported zoonosis within the EU, with poultry products regarded as the primary source of transmission to humans. Therefore, finding strategies to reduce Campylobacter colonization in broilers holds importance for public health. Recent studies suggest that supplementation of broiler feed with brown algal extracts, particularly laminarin, can provide beneficial effects on broiler gut health, growth performance, and gut microbiota. However, its effect on gut microbiota development and subsequent reduction of Campylobacter loads in broiler caeca during the later stages of the birds' lives remains unclear.

Methods

Experimental colonization of Ross 308 broilers with two different strains of C. jejuni was conducted, with groups fed either a basal diet or the same basal diet supplemented with 725 ppm algal extract from Saccharina latissima to provide 290 ppm laminarin. Fecal samples were collected for bacterial enumeration, and caecal samples were obtained before and after the C. jejuni challenge for the determination of microbiota development.

Results and discussion

No significant differences in fecal C. jejuni concentrations between the groups fed different diets or exposed to different C. jejuni strains were observed. This suggests that both strains colonized the birds equally well and that the laminarin rich algal extract did not have any inhibitory effect on C. jejuni colonization. Notably, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed detailed data on the caecal microbiota development, likely influenced by both bird age and C. jejuni colonization, which can be valuable for further development of broiler feed formulations aimed at promoting gut health.
Single-cell sequencing and multiple machine learning algorithms to identify key T-cell differentiation gene for progression of NAFLD cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang De-hua , Ye Li-hong , Ning Jing-yuan , Zhang Xiao-kuan , Lv Ting-ting , Li Zi-jie , Wang Zhi-yu
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is closely associated with chronicinflammation, is the most common liver cancer and primarily involves dysregulated immune responses in the precancerous microenvironment. Currently, most studies have been limited to HCC incidence. However, the immunopathogenic mechanisms underlying precancerous lesions remain unknown.

Methods: We obtained single-cell sequencing data (GSE136103) from two nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cirrhosis samples and five healthy samples. Using pseudo-time analysis, we systematically identified five different T-cell differentiation states. Ten machine-learning algorithms were used in 81 combinations to integrate the frameworks and establish the best T-cell differentiation-related prognostic signature in a multi-cohort bulk transcriptome analysis.

Results: LDHA was considered a core gene, and the results were validated using multiple external datasets. In addition, we validated LDHA expression using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry.

Conclusion: LDHA is a crucial marker gene in T cells for the progression of NAFLD cirrhosis to HCC.
Necrostatin-1: a promising compound for neurological disorders
Authors: Chen Ke-qian , Wang Shu-zhi , Lei Hai-bo , Liu Xiang
Published: June 2024

Necrostatin-1, a small molecular alkaloid, was identified as an inhibitor of necroptosis in 2005. Investigating the fundamental mechanism of Necrostatin-1 and its role in various diseases is of great significance for scientific and clinical research. Accumulating evidence suggests that Necrostatin-1 plays a crucial role in numerous neurological disorders. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential functions of Necrostatin-1 in various neurological disorders, offering valuable insights for future research.
Unusual morphology of foveal Müller glia in an adult human born pre-term
Authors: Kar Deepayan , Singireddy Ramya , Kim Yeon Jin , Packer Orin , Schalek Richard , Cao Dongfeng , Sloan Kenneth R. , Pollreisz Andreas , Dacey Dennis M. , Curcio Christine A.
Published: June 2024

The fovea of the human retina, a specialization for acute and color vision, features a high concentration of cone photoreceptors. A pit on the inner retinal aspect is created by the centrifugal migration of post-receptoral neurons. Foveal cells are specified early in fetal life, but the fovea reaches its final configuration postnatally. Pre-term birth retards migration resulting in a small pit, a small avascular zone, and nearly continuous inner retinal layers. To explore the involvement of Müller glia, we used serial-section electron microscopic reconstructions to examine the morphology and neural contacts of Müller glia contacting a single foveal cone in a 28-year-old male organ donor born at 28 weeks of gestation. A small non-descript foveal avascular zone contained massed glial processes that included a novel class of ‘inner’ Müller glia. Similar to classic ‘outer’ Müller glia that span the retina, inner Müller glia have bodies in the inner nuclear layer (INL). These cells are densely packed with intermediate filaments and insert processes between neurons. Unlike ‘outer’ Müller glia, ‘inner’ Müller glia do not reach the external limiting membrane but instead terminate at the outer plexiform layer. One completely reconstructed inner cell ensheathed cone pedicles and a cone-driven circuit of midget bipolar and ganglion cells. Inner Müller glia outnumber foveal cones by 1.8-fold in the outer nuclear layer (221,448 vs. 123,026 cells/mm2). Cell bodies of inner Müller glia outnumber those of outer Müller glia by 1.7-fold in the INL (41,872 vs. 24,631 cells/ mm2). Müller glia account for 95 and 80% of the volume of the foveal floor and Henle fiber layer, respectively. Determining whether inner cells are anomalies solely resulting from retarded lateral migration of inner retinal neurons in pre-term birth requires further research.
Comparison of injective related reactions following ofatumumab and ocrelizumab in patients with multiple sclerosis: data from the European spontaneous reporting system
Authors: Scavone Cristina , Anatriello Antonietta , Baccari Isabella , Cantone Andrea , Di Giulio Cesare Daniele , Bernardi Francesca Futura , Moreggia Ornella , Liguori Valerio , Andreone Vincenzo , Maniscalco Giorgia Teresa , Capuano Annalisa
Published: June 2024

Introduction

In 2021 ofatumumab, a recombinant human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) already authorized for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, received the marketing approval for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Differently from ocrelizumab, that is administered intravenously, ofatumumab if the first anti-CD20 mAb to be administered subcutaneously without a premedication.

Methods and objectives

In this study we aimed to describe and compare the main characteristics of Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) describing the occurrence of Injective Related Reactions (IRRs) following the treatment with ocrelizumab and ofatumumab reported in the Eudravigilance (EV) database during years 2021–2023.

Results

A total of 860 ICSRs with either ofatumumab and ocrelizumab as suspected drug were retrieved from Eudravigilance, of which 51% associated with ofatumumab and 49% with ocrelizumab. The majority of patients who experienced IRRs following ocrelizumab belonged to the age group of 18–64 years (73%), while the age-group was mostly not specified (55%) in ICSRs reporting ofatumumab as suspected. The distribution of gender was almost similar in the two groups, with the majority of ICSRs related to female patients. “Pyrexia” was the Preferred Term (PT) most reported for ofatumumab, while “Infusion related reaction” were more frequently reported with ocrelizumab. Premedication drugs were reported in 148 ICSRs. Out of 89 ICSRs for which the Time to Event (TTE) was calculated, 74 reported IRRs that occurred the same day of the drug administration.

Discussion

Based on the results of this study, although a risk of ofatumumab-induced IRRs cannot be excluded, it should be considered as manageable considering that the drug seems to be mostly associated with the occurrence of fever. Thus, it is important to continue to closely monitor the use of these in clinical practice to improve the knowledge on their long-term safety.
Association between the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio and mortality in older Japanese patients with dysphagia
Authors: Guo Chunhong , Zheng Pingping , Chen Shiyang , Wei Lin , Fu Xiuzhen , Fu Youyuan , Hu Tianhong , Chen Shaohua
Published: June 2024

Background

C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CRP/ALB) has been proven to represent a biomarker for predicting prognosis in many groups of patients with severe diseases. However, few studies have investigated the association between CRP/ALB and mortality in Japan older people with dysphagia patients.

Objective

This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the prognostic value of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) in older Japanese patients with dysphagia.

Methods

We analyzed data from 253 patients diagnosed with dysphagia at a single center between January 2014 and January 2017. Cox regression analysis was used to compare the mortality rates across the CAR tertiles. Subgroup analyses were conducted, and Kaplan–Meier curves were used to determine the median survival times.

Results

The study included 154 female and 99 male patients, with a median age of 83 years. After adjusting for all covariates, the multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between increasing CAR (HR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03–1.37, P = 0.022) and the risk of mortality. Compared to the reference group T1 (< 0.149), the adjusted hazard ratios for T2 (0.149–0.815) and T3 (> 0.815) were 1.75 (95% CI: 1.07–2.87, P = 0.027) and 2.15 (95% CI: 1.34–3.46, P = 0.002), respectively. Kaplan–Meier curves indicated median survival times of 864, 371, and 223 days for T1, T2, and T3, respectively.

Conclusion

The C-reactive protein/albumin ratio was positively related to mortality in Japan older people with dysphagia patients. There was no interaction for the subgroup analysis. The result was stable.
The association between the dietary inflammatory index and allergic rhinitis: a case–control study
Authors: Wang Qian , Dong Niuniu , Feng Yan , Ning Yan , Zhu Ruifang , Han Shifan
Published: June 2024

Background and objective

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease that significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. However, there is limited research on the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and the risk of AR. Our study aimed to assess the association between DII and AR in a sample of adults from North China.

Methods

In a case–control study, we selected 166 cases of AR and 166 age- and gender-matched controls. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were calculated based on the quantity of diet components with inflammatory or anti-inflammatory potential. We used conditional logistic regression models to examine the association between E-DII and AR.

Results

Our findings indicate a positive correlation between E-DII and AR risk. After controlling for confounders, individuals in the highest E-DII tertile exhibited a 4.41-fold increased risk of AR compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR 4.41, 95% CI 2.31–8.41). Additionally, stratified analysis showed that E-DII was positively associated with AR subtype (seasonal vs. perennial), duration (≤6 years vs. >6 years), severity (mild vs. moderate–severe), and onset time (intermittent vs. persistent). Furthermore, individuals in the highest E-DII tertile had higher intake of total fat, SFA, PUFAs, and n-6 PUFAs.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we realized that there is a positive association between the E-DII score and AR. The consumption of diets abundant in anti-inflammatory nutrients and low in pro-inflammatory nutrient contents is recommended as a preventative strategy against AR.