bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rare case of Wilkie`s syndrome with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Authors: Stamov Petar , Stamova Sylvia
Published: September 2024

Wilkie’s syndrome is a rare clinical disorder characterized by partial or complete obstruction of the duodenum. Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is defined as hyperplasia of the smooth muscle fibers of the pylorus, which is considered responsible for narrowing the pyloric canal and eventually obstructing the gastric outlet. This paper presents a case of a 3-month-old boy who had been vomiting after feeding for one month. The main symptoms, postprandial vomiting, dehydration, alkalosis, and weight reduction, point to the IHPS disease. Imaging studies also confirmed the diagnosis. During the surgical treatment, a concomitant condition known as Wilkie’s syndrome was also evidenced. The team performed a complex surgical treatment of a patient diagnosed with both Wilkie’s syndrome and IHPS within one single surgical operation. Surgical treatment with pyloromyotomy and duodenal-duodenal anastomosis within one operation is an optimal option for one-stage treatment of patients with IHPS and Wilkie’s syndrome.
Analysis of the Impact of Meteorological Factors on Predicting Air Quality in South Tangerang City using Random Forest Method
Authors: Kadir Nurchaerani , Faisal M. , Kurniawan Fachrul
Published: September 2024

Air pollution has become one of the most significant environmental problems in many cities throughout the world, which can endanger public health and the environment. Understanding the impact of meteorological conditions on air quality is very important to understanding air pollution patterns. This study investigates the influence of meteorological variables on air quality predictions in South Tangerang City, Indonesia, using the Random Forest method. Modeling is carried out by building two scenarios, namely predictions using meteorological variables and predictions without meteorological variables. Prediction performance analysis is measured using MAE, MSE, RMSE, R-square, and accuracy. The accuracy results of the research show that predictions without meteorological variables provide good prediction results with a value of 86.42%, but predictions with meteorological variables have better performance with a value reaching 98.99%. The largest error values from each model were 2.58 MAE, 71.82 MSE, and 8.4747 RMSE obtained in prediction modeling without meteorological variables, while the smallest error values were obtained in prediction modeling using meteorological variables, namely 0.00, 0.01, and 0.0219, respectively, for MAE, MSE, and RMSE. This research contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between meteorology and air pollution and air quality in urban areas and helps develop targeted mitigation strategies to improve air quality and public health, especially in South Tangerang City and the surrounding area.
Evaluation of the Utilization of Web-based Library Application Information Systems using Whitebox and Blackbox Testing Methods
Authors: Pamungkas Ananda Cipta , Samihardjo Rosalin
Published: September 2024

The library information system is a computerized process for integrated data management. This research was conducted in the library located at SMAN 12 Bandung, Jl. Sekejati No. 36, Sukapura. The importance of performance measurement. The validity of implementation from the perspective of effectiveness and efficiency of web-based libraries is the main thing in the aim of managing library digitalization. This research was carried out using the Whitebox and Blackbox Testing integration method. The purpose of the research is to conduct an Information Technology Audit with the validity of measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of application functions. The research results show that the technical analysis of FlowGraph Whitebox is based on source code and flowcharts running on Cyclomatic Complexity which counts the number of nodes and edges in FlowGraph. Research implications support the assessment of the concrete validity of the method used. This can be seen from the research results that the performance of the Web-based Widyantara Library application at SMAN 12 Bandung is considered satisfactory with a good level of validity, this is proven by the test results using the white box testing method. Meanwhile, based on the analysis of the black box testing method on application functionality, the test results are said to be good with a validity percentage reaching 100%. Validity according to application design is proven by testing 10 application scenarios.
Easily Determining Post-Study System Usability for Anime Community E-Commerce Analysis
Authors: Malik Rio Andika , Octafia Sri Mona , Gunawan Vicky Setia
Published: September 2024

The rapid growth of e-commerce as a form of electronic commerce has transformed the global shopping landscape. To maintain user satisfaction and competitiveness, e-commerce sites must effectively understand and improve the usability of their systems after launch. The aims of the study are to improve e-commerce post-launch usability so that anime fans' enthusiasm can be capitalized upon for financial gain and market expansion. In this study, we adopted a combined approach that included user observations, interviews, surveys, and performance measurement for anime community e-commerce analysis Weeboo web commerce. Through this method, we analyze the behavior and views of users towards e-commerce systems. The results show that most users experience a positive experience in shopping online by appreciating the usability of the layout, search process, and fast checkout process. The results indicated that most users have a positive online shopping experience, appreciating the layout, search process, and fast checkout process. The SUS score of 75.375 (grade B) and the overall PSSUQ satisfaction score of 2.0296 indicate that the system is acceptably well-received. The proposed recommendations can help e-commerce companies quickly identify usability issues and implement relevant fixes.
Health Services Use for SARS-CoV-2–Infected Children With Croup or Bronchiolitis
Authors: Tyler Amy , Bakel Leigh Anne , Tucker Joshua , Moss Angela , Kille Briana , Rifken Katharine , Forrest Christopher B. , Schroeder Alan , Jhaveri Ravi , Christakis Dimitri , Muszynski Jennifer , Khaitan Alka , Morizono Hiroki , Fitzgerald Megan , Pajor Nathan , Bunnell Timothy , Bailey L. Charles , Rao Suchitra
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Croup and bronchiolitis are common reasons for hospitalization in children, and the role of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on utilization outcomes for these conditions is not well understood. To compare health care utilization including the rates of hospitalization, readmission, length of stay, and ICU admission for croup and bronchiolitis in children with and without evidence of concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection over the pandemic period.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study used inpatient and outpatient electronic health record data from PEDSnet institutions to examine health services use for children aged 30 days to 14 years with SARS-CoV-2 infection and diagnosed with croup or bronchiolitis. The time frame (March 2020–May 2022) was divided into predelta, delta, and omicron variant periods. Multivariable mixed effects logistic and log gamma regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for factors linked to utilization outcomes for children with versus without SARS-CoV-2 infections. Disease burden was described by variant time period.

RESULTS

Across all time periods, among subjects with croup and bronchiolitis, 9.65% of croup patients and 3.92% of bronchiolitis patients were SARS-CoV-2–positive. The omicron variant period had the highest number of SARS-CoV-2 cases for both croup and bronchiolitis. After controlling for patient-level variables and hospital variability, we found no statistically significant differences in utilization outcomes comparing children with and without SARS-CoV-2.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric patients with croup and bronchiolitis and positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction testing did not exhibit a significant increase in hospital and ICU admissions, which may have implications for future staffing models and public health recommendations.
Digital Detox and Well-Being
Authors: Marciano Laura , Jindal Sanmit , Viswanath Kasisomayajula
Published: September 2024

In a May 2023 advisory, the US Surgeon General raised concerns about the effects of social media use on well-being. One implied strategy to reduce its impact is abstaining from digital media use. This state-of-the-art review summarizes the most recent studies on reducing or abstaining from digital media use, including social media (ie, “digital detox”) and its effect on well-being to inform parents, educators, schools, policymakers, and the public when taking action. In June 2023, we conducted a literature search in Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. We included reviews and original research articles (1) focusing on interventions to reduce screen time/social media time and (2) its impact on/association with well-being. We summarized the key points of the 2 published reviews and 6 articles (published between 2013 and 2023), including 139 articles in total. Our main findings are: there is no clear definition of digital detox and no consistency in the assessment of interventions’ effectiveness;reducing social media/smartphone time rather than promoting total abstinence showed more beneficial effects on well-being;the effect of the interventions and their duration varies depending on the type of outcome; andthe effects are influenced by gender, age, and contextual factors.

Available evidence on interventions aiming at reducing social media use on well-being is limited, leaving no clear implications for policymaking at this point. More empirical, high-quality research is needed to understand the circumstances under which digital detox interventions are helpful and for whom.
Percepción de las evaluaciones formativas y sumativas en los estudiantes cuarto semestre de la carrera de enfermería en una universidad Pública del Ecuador
Authors: Quiroz Figueroa Martha , Lucas Cho´éz Mercedes María , Delgado Bernal Doris Susana , Delgado Molina Jaqueline Beatriz
Published: September 2024

Introducción.  La evaluación para el aprendizaje o evaluación formativa desempeña un papel clave en la mejora del aprendizaje de los estudiantes, permiten medir el progreso que contribuye a que al final del semestre se generen evaluaciones sumativas para la aprobación o desaprobación del semestre.
Objetivo. Analizar la percepción de las evaluaciones formativas y sumativas en los estudiantes de cuarto de semestre de la carrera de enfermería.
Método. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, el universo estuvo constituido por 113 estudiantes de cuarto semestre, la muestra constituida de manera aleatoria simple por 88 participantes, con un nivel de confianza del 95%; y un margen de error del 5%. Se utilizó la escala validada inventario de preferencias de evaluación estructurada por 69 ítems categorizadas en 3 dimensiones. El análisis estadístico de los datos se hizo a través de estadística descriptiva para el cálculo de media, desviaciones estándar, frecuencias y porcentajes mediante la utilización del programa SPSS versión 25.0 con licencia adquirida.
Resultados. El rango de edad de los estudiantes de cuarto semestre oscila 19 a 25 años, y el genero que predomina es el femenino, en las preferencias de evaluación los estudiantes prefieren las evaluaciones de opción múltiple y en menor direccionamiento las pruebas escritas y examen oral. En el enfoque de rol y responsabilidad consideran es factible que el docente de una lista de preguntas del examen entre las cuales puedan elegir y consideran hacer que los estudiantes realicen las preguntas del examen en menor ponderación.
 
Conclusiones. Las evaluaciones que el docente realiza directamente son evaluaciones sumativas durante el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje en la formación de enfermeros de una universidad pública, y se relacionan con las percepciones de los estudiantes, que denotan las debilidades en las evaluaciones formativas que son fundamentales para retroalimentar cada actividad que se imparte, a fin de identificar brechas de aprendizaje y brindar Feedback positivo que permite  contribuir a la formación del conocimiento teórico practico.
Estimativa da participação calórica de alimentos ultraprocessados nos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Teixeira Cacau Leandro , Benicio Maria Helena , Levy Renata , Louzada Maria Laura
Published: September 2024

Objetivo : Estimar a participação calórica de alimentos ultraprocessados ​​(% AUP) em 5.570 municípios brasileiros. Métodos : A estimativa de % AUP nos municípios foi realizada a partir de um modelo estatístico de predição construído com base nos dados de 46.164 indivíduos com idades > 10 anos participantes da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF 2017-2018). A regressão linear múltipla foi usada para estimar a % média de AUP (medida por meio de dois registros alimentares de 24 horas) em função das variáveis ​​preditoras (sexo, idade, renda, escolaridade, raça/cor, urbanidade, unidades da federação e localização geográfica ). O modelo foi avaliado quanto a sua adequação por meio de análise de resíduos e pela comparação entre valores preditos pelo modelo e mensurados diretamente na POF 2017-2018 por meio do coeficiente de brilho-concordância de Lin (CCC). Os coeficientes lineares obtidos no modelo de regressão linear múltiplo foram aplicados aos dados sociodemográficos da amostra do Censo de 2010 (aferidos de forma semelhante à POF) para estimar o % de AUP de cada um dos municípios. Resultados : O modelo estatístico mostrado-se adequado, apresentando distribuição normal dos resíduos e um CCC de 0,84, proporção concordância quase perfeita. Foi observada uma heterogeneidade na distribuição das estimativas de % AUP, variando de 5,75% em Aroeiras do Itaim (PI) a 30,5% em Florianópolis (SC). As estimativas de % AUP foram mais altas ( > 20%) em municípios da região Sul e do estado de São Paulo. As capitais apresentam maiores estimativas de participação calórica de alimentos ultraprocessados ​​em relação aos demais municípios de seus estados. Conclusões : O modelo preditivo revelou diferenças de % AUP entre os municípios brasileiros. As estimativas geradas podem contribuir para o monitoramento do consumo alimentar de ultraprocessados ​​no nível municipal e fortalecer e subsidiar a criação de políticas públicas focadas na promoção da alimentação saudável.
“Periphery-Centric” Approach as a Tactic for Everyday Digital In- and Exclusion of Indonesian Villages
Authors: Priyadharma Subekti
Published: September 2024

Much has been said about the importance of digital inclusion in reducing the digital divide and ensuring equal access and use of ICTs for all. Generally, inclusivity has a positive connotation, meaning that no one should be left behind by digitalization processes. However, the inclusion of marginalized communities into the digital system could lead to new exclusions within the new system because it amplifies the pre-existing social inequalities that these communities face, creating digital inequality. By observing the implementation of School of Community Networks in 10 Indonesian villages, this article attempts to describe those inequalities and explain how rural communities actively design a strategy to make their involvement in Indonesia’s digitalization more meaningful. The conceptual framework developed in this study adopts a “periphery-centric” approach, aligning with the user-centric approach, as it examines from the perspective of marginalized communities how they perceive, understand, and utilize digital technology by generating new forms of innovation that have real impacts on their community, such as tailored applications for public services and local internet infrastructure to reach remote areas. The approach poses the problem and strategic dimension of the issue and puts forward the ownership and locality of these innovations to overcome digital inequality. With the meaningful use of digital technology, the inclusiveness of socially less-advantaged groups into the digital system does not immediately create new inequality; rather, they make themselves the center of their respective bottom-up innovation projects.
Advancements in Photonic Crystals that Paving the Way for Next-Generation Optical Devices
Authors:   Alnoor University, Amin Yasir Mahmood , Majeed Adil Abbas ,   Al Mansour University College, Hussein Ali Jabbar ,   Al Hikma University College, Qasim Nameer Hashim ,   Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Qasem Wadah ,   Al-Turath University
Published: September 2024

Background: Photonic crystals (PCs) have emerged as a new material for light manipulation, providing unprecedented control over light-matter interaction. This unique capacity is due to their periodic dielectric structure, which may produce photonic band gaps that impact photon transmission. Objective: The article summarizes current advances in photonic crystal design and use, focusing on their significance in creating next-generation optical systems. Methods: The article performed a complete literature analysis, concentrating on the most recent PC production and characterization approaches. Innovative techniques like 3D printing, nanoimprint lithography, self-assembly, and advanced computational modelling were studied in depth to optimize their optical characteristics. Results: Recent studies show that PC manufacturing accuracy has increased significantly, allowing for more effective light manipulation and enhanced optical device functioning. Applications such as ultrasensitive sensors, improved optical fibers, and innovative laser designs demonstrate PCs' rising value. Conclusion: The ongoing advancement of photonic crystal technology is laying a solid basis for the next generation of optical devices. These developments improve existing applications and provide opportunities to investigate new functionality in optical and other electromagnetic systems. Incorporating PCs into numerous technical sectors holds the prospect of significant advances in both commercial and scientific fields.
Optimizing Energy Efficiency in Multi-Core Processors: A Comparative Study of Hardware Technique
Authors:   Al-Noor University, Jassim Mustafa Mohammmed , Abbas Elaf Sabah ,   Al Mansour University College, Zaki Zaki Saeed Tawfeeq ,   Al Hikma University College, Abdulameer Sadeer Dheyaa ,   Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Barakat Maha ,   Al-Turath University
Published: September 2024

Background: The constant increase in processing demand has prompted the development of multi-core processors, which are critical to obtaining high performance in a variety of computing devices. However, this growth in processing capacity comes at the expense of increased energy consumption, posing substantial problems for energy efficiency. Objective: The article will examine and compare several hardware solutions for improving energy efficiency in multi-core processors, offering a full overview of their effectiveness and application. Methods: We used a quantitative research methodology, simulating multi-core processing environments with various hardware optimization techniques such as Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS), Clock Gating, and Power Gating. Each technique was evaluated in a variety of operational circumstances to establish its effect on energy consumption and processing efficiency. Results: The findings show that DVFS provides significant energy savings with negligible performance trade-offs in cases with moderate workloads. In contrast, Clock Gating performed best in low workload settings, whereas Power Gating performed best in high-load conditions, dramatically reducing idle power consumption. Conclusion: The comparison research demonstrates that no single technique beats all others; rather, the choice of an effective energy efficiency strategy is significantly influenced by unique workload factors. A hybrid strategy, which combines both techniques depending on real-time workload demands, can greatly improve the energy efficiency of multi-core processors. This study advances our understanding of energy management in advanced computing systems, providing insights for future research and practical applications in the field of energy-efficient computing.
Advancements in Photonic Crystals that Paving the Way for Next-Generation Optical Devices
Authors:   Университет Альнур, Амин Ясир Махмуд , Маджид Адиль Аббас ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Мансура, Хусейн Али Джаббар ,   Университетский колледж Аль-Хикма, Касим Намер Хашим ,   Университет Джихан, Касем Вада ,   Университет Аль-Турат
Published: September 2024

Обобщаются современные достижения в области проектирования и использования фотонных кристаллов (ФК), акцентируется внимание на их значении для создания оптических систем нового поколения. Проведен анализ литературы, сосредоточенный на новейших подходах к производству и характеристике ФК. Инновационные методы, такие как 3D-печать, наноимпринтная литография, самосборка и современное компьютерное моделирование изучены для оптимизации их оптических характеристик. Недавние исследования показывают, что точность изготовления ФК значительно возросла, что позволяет более эффективно манипулировать светом и улучшить работу оптических устройств. Такие приложения, как сверхчувствительные датчики, улучшенные оптические волокна и инновационные конструкции лазеров, демонстрируют растущую ценность ФК. Продолжающееся развитие фотонно-кристаллической технологии закладывает прочную основу для оптических устройств следующего поколения. Эти разработки улучшают существующие приложения и предоставляют возможности для исследования новых функций оптических и других электромагнитных систем.
Treatment adherence priorities: Results of an online survey of doctors providing outpatient services
Authors: Larina Vera N. , Lunev Viktor I. , Fedorova Ekaterina V. , Sheregova Elena N. , Kladovikova Olga V.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: The opinion of doctors regarding the current issue of low patient adherence to modern medicine will help identify weaknesses in the system and methods to improve them.
AIM: To assess the doctors’ opinion regarding the problem of adherence to outpatient treatments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using an online survey form (nine questions regarding adherence to outpatient treatments), 105 doctors were surveyed, including general practitioners (GPs; 51%), therapists (27%), cardiologists (21%), and other specialties (1%). The survey results were processed using hierarchical cluster analysis.
RESULTS: The following clusters were identified: cluster 1 (K1), which included 62 respondents (GPs, 63% and therapists, 32%); and cluster 2 (K2), which included 43 respondents (cardiologists, 47%; and GPs, 35%). Doctors in both the clusters correctly determined the adherence to treatment (K1=77%, K2=88%; p=0.531), followed clinical practice guidelines when diagnosing a patient with cardiovascular disease (K1=66%, K2=88%; p=0.020), believed that the doctor’s behavior influences the patient’s adherence (K1=86%, K2=98%; p=0.045), and believed that patients should be educated regarding their disease (K1=84%, K2=100%, p=0.005). They believed that the most significant topics to be taught were arterial hypertension, heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and chronic kidney disease (K1=81%, K2=86%; p=0.876). Furthermore, they agreed that the use of technology and mobile apps (K1=61%, K2=70%, p=0.371) could increase patient adherence to treatment. Twenty doctors correctly identified the medications indicated for HF with reduced ejection fraction to improve patient prognosis (K1=2, K2=18; p 0.001). The remaining respondents answered partially correctly (K1=97%, K2=58%; p 0.001). The respondents identified that the lack of time at appointments to explain and improve the patient’s motivation for treatment (K1=47%, K2=47%, p=0.226) and the patient’s low health literacy (K1=26%, K2=35%; p=0.226) were the most significant reasons for low adherence.
CONCLUSION: Most physicians providing outpatient services are aware of the concept of medication adherence and following clinical practice guidelines when managing patients with cardiovascular pathology. The lack of sufficient time for outpatient appointments and the patient’s low health literacy are the leading factors of low adherence to treatment. Thus, the doctors unanimously believe that educating patients regarding their disease will increase adherence to treatment.
Pharmacogenetics of warfarin: A literature review
Authors: Izmozherova Nadezhda V. , Shambatov Muraz A. , Popov Artem A. , Zhuk Daria E. , Solodchenko Viktoria A.
Published: September 2024

Warfarin is an oral indirect anticoagulant that is widely used for the prevention of thromboembolic events. Pharmacogenetic testing is the most promising approach to personalizing warfarin treatment. In this review, we aimed to summarize how the patients’ genetic predispositions affect the pharmacokinetics of warfarin, which determines the different dosing regimens for patients. To correctly interpret data in clinical settings, algorithms for selecting the optimal dosing regimen need to be developed that consider the patient’s age, sex, weight, height, health status, and genetic characteristics. These algorithms could help determine the optimal dose, enhance patient adherence to treatment, and increase the physician’s confidence in the treatment safety. Furthermore, although algorithms that consider SNPs in the CYP2C9, VKORC1, and CYP4F2 genes are more effective in predicting warfarin doses, their effectiveness varies according to race.
Prospects of using miRNA-378 as a biomarker for cardiovascular diseases: A literature review
Authors: Alieva Amina M. , Khadzhieva Nyurzhanna Kh. , Baykova Irina E. , Rakhaev Alik M. , Kotikova Irina A. , Nikitin Igor G.
Published: September 2024

Currently, there is an active search for new biomarkers and therapeutic targets to develop effective approaches to risk stratification and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are of particular interest to investigators. MiRNAs are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that regulate the transcription of factors that play a role in the proliferation, differentiation, cell growth, and tissue remodeling processes in CVD. MiRNA-378 is currently being analyzed as a biomarker for CVD. Thus, in this review, we aimed to describe the regulatory role of miRNA-378 and provide strong evidence for its feasibility as a biomarker. Further preclinical and clinical studies are required to identify the potential benefits of miRNA-378 as a biomarker in CVD.
Eco-physiological approach to assessing the functional state of workers in geological prospecting expeditions during meridian movement between mid-latitudes and the Arctic region
Authors: Tomilova Evgeniya A. , Kolpakov Viktor V. , Tkachuk Anna A.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: The current challenge lies in defining the unique characteristics of compensatory and adaptive mechanisms formation, as well as the development of healthcare technologies for various forms of work in Arctic region conditions.
AIM: To study associations between climate patterns and physiological responses to daily fluctuations in meteorological factors. Specifically, we aimed to investigate how these factors impact the cardiovascular system and psychophysiological well-being of workers during geological prospecting expeditions along the meridian travel between Tyumen (57° 09’ N) and Yamal (71° 11ʹ N).
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 115 men aged 20–40 years in mid-latitude conditions (baseline data) and during occupational relocation to the Arctic region comprised the sample. The examination included recording key indicators of the cardiovascular system (heart rate, blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure), ECG in standard unipolar and augmented leads, and psychophysiological assessments (evaluation of trait and state anxiety, stress diagnostics, regulation of self-control, and emotional lability). Additionally, to calculate the natural and climatic contrast of regions in Western Siberia, meteorological data and geomagnetic activity indicators were analyzed based on eight daily measurements over 12 months across 11 years using a unified system of meteorological station indicators in Tyumen and Kharasavey.
RESULTS: The cardiovascular system experiences desynchronosis during meridian movement from middle latitudes to the Arctic region. This condition is influenced by the interregional climatic contrast and the differences in daily rhythm characteristics of meteorological data between the initial and final destinations. The interaction within the system of meteorological rhythms plays an important role in these variations.
CONCLUSION: The established associations within the ‘meteorhythms–biorhythms’ system underscore the necessity for developing regional norms for chronophysiological parameters of a healthy individual under specific environmental and climatic conditions. It also highlights the importance of dynamic monitoring of deviations in these parameters during occupational relocations between mid-latitudes and the Arctic region across different seasons. This approach is essential for the effective monitoring of maladaptive disorders and for predicting the potential development of pathologies.
A review on single-cell analysis of macrophages in cancer
Authors: Yim Isaiah , Assylkhan Amirali
Published: September 2024

Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and spread into surrounding tissue. According to the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR) and the National Center for Health Statistics, there were 1,918,030 cancer cases and a total of 609,360 deaths estimated in the US in 2022. Although the direct cause of cancer is not fully understood, it is recognized that the immune system plays a major role in the development and progression of tumors. Investigating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is crucial for understanding the immunosuppressive role that they may play in the tumor microenvironment, which makes them a target for immunotherapies to combat cancer. However, angiogenesis, tumor initiation and invasion promoting signals prevent gaining deeper insight into the intricate molecular mechanisms involved in TAMs and the tumor microenvironment. While researchers in the past have used population samples to analyze cells, recent efforts have incorporated single-cell technologies to study the complex mixture of cells in a tumor, monitor the effects of immunotherapies and more. With the revolutionary advent of the first single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), researchers have since been able to gain insight into single-cell data with unprecedented accuracy and develop new immunotherapies through different single-cell technologies, such as polymethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Multiplexed Ion Beam Imaging (MIBI) multiplexing. In this review, we underline the benefits of adopting single-cell technologies to identify distinct cell types in complex environments (i.e., tumors) and highlight the potential application of these technologies along with various multiplexing techniques to immunotherapies.
Climate Action in Latin America and the Caribbean: Fiscal Policies and the Indispensable Role of Finance Ministries
Authors: Cárdenas Mauricio , Peña Camilo
Published: September 2024

Countries in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region face escalating challenges from climate change due to geographic location, economic reliance on climate-sensitive sectors, and increasing frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme weather events. Despite international commitments and efforts from LAC countries, current mitigation and adaptation investments are insufficient to avert significant climate impacts. Estimations of financial needs vary significantly depending on the source, ranging between US$228 billion and US$513 billion per year for mitigation, while annual adaptation flows range from US$65 billion to US$250 billion. As in other regions of the world, LAC countries have prioritized mitigation over adaptation. To achieve a more balanced approach the region requires a change in fiscal policies. Exploring fiscal space for increased investments in climate in the context of severe postpandemic social needs and the need to prevent and prepare for future pandemics is challenging. It is imperative for finance ministries to decisively engage by changing the composition of public investment while leveraging private sector engagement. The use of green budgeting methodologies, regulation, public debt strategies, and state-owned enterprises for this purpose is crucial. This report offers a diverse array of tools and policies for finance ministries to bolster climate action across three core pillars: (i) developing climate strategies for nations, (ii) creating the right incentives to mobilize climate financing, and (iii) ensuring fiscal management consistent with climate goals.
Análise probabilística de capacidade de carga de fundações profundas usando o método das estimativas pontuais
Authors: Costa Rodrigo Morais , Azevedo George Fernandes
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho aborda a análise probabilística da capacidade de carga de fundações profundas em estacas de hélice contínua, pré-moldada e estaca Strauss, com 3 variações de cargas para cada tipo de estaca e 3 diferentes diâmetros para cada estaca também, assim resultando 9 cálculos para cada estaca. Para o cálculo da capacidade de carga última, foi utilizado o método de Décourt e Quaresma, reconhecido por sua eficácia em análises geotécnicas. A probabilidade de ruptura foi determinada utilizando o método das estimativas pontuais de Rosenblueth, um método robusto para avaliar a incerteza. Os cálculos foram realizados com o auxílio do software MATLAB. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a probabilidade de ruptura varia significativamente em função do diâmetro das estacas, sendo maior em estacas de menor diâmetro, especialmente sob cargas de trabalho mais elevadas. As conclusões indicam a importância de uma seleção criteriosa do diâmetro das estacas para garantir a segurança estrutural, minimizando os riscos de falha. Comparações com estudos anteriores são feitas para validar os resultados obtidos e sugerir melhorias no projeto de fundações profundas.
Voces silenciadas
Authors: Condiza Plazas William Ernesto
Published: September 2024

Esta investigación busca analizar el conflicto armado en Boyacá desde la perspectiva de mujeres protagonistas. Enfatiza la importancia de las iniciativas ligadas a la memoria en la región, en especial aquellas lideradas por mujeres. A través de un escrutinio detallado se estudia cómo estas iniciativas han influenciado la percepción y la respuesta ante las huellas del conflicto. Se destacan la resistencia al olvido y la resiliencia de las víctimas. Se postula que las manifestaciones de memoria trascienden el simple registro histórico como potentes bioconexiones que desafían las narrativas oficiales del conflicto. A través de prácticas de la memoria que se nutren de relatos personales, conmemoraciones y expresiones culturales, estas acciones no solo visibilizan las consecuencias del conflicto, sino que también son metodologías pedagógicas que interpelan a la sociedad, contribuyen a la conformación de una visión compartida del pasado y buscan prevenir futuras atrocidades. El estudio subraya la relevancia de las mujeres en la preservación y en la transmisión de las memorias vinculadas al conflicto en Boyacá. Estas memorias, más allá de un reconocimiento, se presentan como bioconexiones de resistencia de tributo y de sanación, las cuales se configuran como un legado invaluable para las nuevas generaciones y como una fuente de inspiración frente a la desesperanza.
Estratégias de internacionalização de carreira por mulheres na auditoria externa independente brasileira
Authors: Cunha Victoria Barboza de Castro
Published: September 2024

Contextualização: A expatriação corporativa tornou-se uma prática recorrente em firmas prestadoras de serviços globais, visto que essas organizações demandam um perfil de profissional alinhado aos seus objetivos de internacionalização. Entretanto, há ainda uma escassez na literatura nacional sobre expatriação de mulheres em firmas de auditoria externa, uma área de atuação reconhecidamente marcada pelo fenômeno do teto de vidro. Assim, parte-se da premissa de que as auditoras independentes brasileiras têm de empreender estratégias diferenciadas para superar a desigualdade no acesso às oportunidades de expatriação proporcionadas pela firma, determinantes para sua ascensão de carreira.
Objetivo: Pretende-se examinar as estratégias de internacionalização de carreira de cinco auditoras seniores brasileiras.
Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo exploratório que coletou dados por meio de entrevistas narrativas remotas, cujas transcrições foram analisadas conforme Creswell e Poth (2018).
Resultados: São empreendidas tanto as estratégias de natureza ativa, como socialização e fortalecimento de competências técnicas, quanto as de natureza passiva, tais quais abandono da carreira e expatriação autoiniciada.
Conclusões: O caráter essencialmente masculinizado da profissão do auditor independente exerce um papel negativo sobre o capital de identidade das mulheres, não obstante permita um crescimento acelerado do seu capital de carreira como elemento compensatório.
Contabilidade e gênero: O perfil das publicações em contabilidade
Authors: Lucas Angela Christina , Silva Cíntia do Nascimento , Anzilago Marcielle
Published: September 2024

Contextualização: Considerando a representatividade das mulheres na classe contábil, os desafios sociais e profissionais enfrentados por elas em função das desigualdades de gênero e tendo em vista o papel social da academia na qualificação deste debate, faz-se necessário refletir sobre os espaços que o tema tem ganhado nas publicações científicas.
Objetivo: Verificar o perfil das publicações em periódicos contábeis brasileiros sobre gênero na contabilidade.
Método: Levantamento bibliométrico em 25 periódicos científicos nacionais da área, entre janeiro de 2010 e dezembro de 2020, resultando em 20 artigos, tabulados e analisados por técnicas descritivas.
Resultados: Esses artigos foram desenvolvidos principalmente por mulheres, com autorias pulverizadas e trabalhos elaborados majoritariamente em parcerias de 3 ou 4 pessoas. As autoras e autor com mais de um artigo não apresentam a pauta como uma linha central de suas pesquisas. 80% dos periódicos contábeis brasileiros já publicaram ao menos 1 artigo sobre o assunto, indicando uma abertura geral à temática, ainda que em número total tímido. Essas publicações ocorreram prioritariamente em revistas científicas bem avaliadas pela CAPES, sugerindo que os periódicos de maior impacto têm se atentado à relevância da pauta, seguindo uma tendência internacional
Conclusões: A investigação sobre gênero na contabilidade é recente e em crescimento. As pesquisas realizadas representam uma importante introdução da problemática, à medida que denunciam e contestam as desigualdades associadas às noções de gênero em termos de competência, de empenho, de prática e até do que é ser contabilista; configurando uma quebra do ciclo de perpetuação dessas noções e do desequilíbrio de poder. Universidades e Centros de pesquisas podem contribuir com esse processo incentivando e acolhendo (ou não refutando) estudantes e pesquisadores inclinados ao tema, oferecendo apoio financeiro e técnico para viabilização das pesquisas. Congressos e Periódicos científicos, por sua vez, podem contribuir abrindo linhas temáticas especializadas, bem como chamadas especiais.
“Somos de los prendidos”. Una revisión de la hermenéutica acontecial para el fenómeno escénico teatral
Authors: Requejo Curto Blanca
Published: September 2024

Este artículo ofrece una estrategia hermenéutica para abordar el fenómeno escénico teatral dentro del marco de la fenomenología de la donación. Primero desarrollaremos un análisis de los vínculos que encontramos entre las ideas más representativas de esta rama de la fenomenología, tomando las nociones de ‘deseo’ y ‘acontecimiento’ como claves. Apoyaremos la viabilidad de esta propuesta buscando pistas a través de las obras de pensadores como Gadamer, Marion, Derrida y Baudrillard. Nos proporcionarán algunos detonantes para diseñar una particular aproximación hermenéutica a este fenómeno y sus retosprincipales. Finalmente, descubriremos la relevancia de los logros de la fenomenología de la donación cuando se trata de investigar el perfil erótico de la hermenéutica en las artes.
Entre filosofía y literatura: la construcción del mundo a través de la palabra
Authors: Gallardo-Ocampo Andrea
Published: September 2024

Este texto pretende esbozar ciertas convergencias entre algunas ideas de la filosofía y la literatura y mostrar la necesaria apertura de un mundo nuevo al que ambas nos llevan a través de la palabra. Porque no todo lo dicho es comprobable empíricamente y, sin embargo, todo lo tangible tiene la potencialidad de ser puesto en palabras e incluso ir más allá. Así, el lenguaje en tensión entre lo posible y lo imposible es capaz de crear un nuevo horizonte interpretativo de la realidad. En una especie de diálogo, expongo algunas ideas del turco Orhan Pamuk, premio Nobel de literatura (2006) y del ya bien conocido filósofo y hermeneuta francés Paul Ricoeur. Antes que poner uno frente al otro, trato de poner al filósofo junto al literato. Ambos tienen una propuesta que me parecefundamental: el texto como portador de significado, poseedor de un centro que le otorga el sentido y lo hace generador de un mundo nuevo.
Hermenéutica de la naturaleza: la filosofía viva o ecofilosofía de Henryk Skolimowski
Authors: Alcalá Mendizábal Diana
Published: September 2024

La supervivencia y prosperidad de una nación dependen de la correcta y adecuada visión del mundo (Weltanschauung) que se tenga. Las catástrofes que vivimos en este siglo son el producto de una errónea visión del mundo, ya que se ha interpretado a la naturaleza como un “objeto” que puede ser manipulado y utilizado sin ningún respeto. La interpretación de la naturaleza de las primeras civilizaciones permitía el respeto y la adoración a la vida; en la modernidad esta Weltanschauung se transformó y se concibió a la naturaleza como algo inerte, sin vida, puesta para que el ser humano use y abuse. Una interpretación de la naturaleza que precisamente critica esta visión del mundo errónea y caótica, generadora de la destrucción es la propuesta de la filosofía viva o ecofilosofía de Henryk Skolimowski, en la cual propone una nueva Weltanschauung que tendría un sustento ontológico, donde se reconoce al ser como un ente vivo y digno de respeto y consideración moral. Es una nueva filosofía que reconoce el más alto valor de la vida en la naturaleza, evitando los valores establecidos por la sociedad tecnológica de consumo y explotación, enfatizando el papel participativo que tiene el ser humano en el ámbito de la interpretación de la realidad y la transformación de la misma hacia una vida humana más responsable y respetuosa.
Beuchot y Vattimo: multiculturalismo y derechos humanos en clave hermenéutica
Authors: Saiz Mauro Javier
Published: September 2024

Mauricio Beuchot y Gianni Vattimo son dos exponentes contemporáneos de la filosofía hermenéutica. Aunque vinculados, cada uno desarrolla las virtualidades de esta corriente general en sentidos ligeramente distintos. Aquí buscamos rastrear estas diferencias a través del abordaje que cada autor realiza del multiculturalismo y los derechos humanos. Mientras que Beuchot desea conservar una noción de cultura anclada en la naturaleza humana, Vattimo denuncia este concepto como arbitrario y violento. Donde el primero halla en el multiculturalismo una posibilidad de aprendizaje y de alcanzar algún contenido transcultural, el segundo, enfatiza la diversidad y la inconmensurabilidad. Finalmente, mientras que en un caso se puede llegar a derivar un fundamento robusto para los derechos humanos, en el otro se los trata con reticencia, atento a los potenciales efectos imperialistas de este lenguaje.
Pectin Extracted from Orange Peel (Citrus Sinensis) to Obtain Bioplastic: Synergistic Effects with Alginate
Authors: Hernández Madrigal Fernando , Saavedra Díaz Rafael Omar , Hernández Córdova Roberto
Published: September 2024

Pectin, derived from agri-food industry waste, is an almost inexhaustible resource. This study aims to develop a bioplastic from pectin extracted from orange peel, combined with commercial alginate, and to investigate its physicochemical and thermal properties. Pectin was extracted using acid hydrolysis, and its degree of esterification and methoxyl content were determined through titration. The bioplastic film was obtained by ionic cross-linking method. Structural characterization was conducted with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while the thermal properties of the pectin and the film were assessed via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that pectin and alginate exhibited synergistic interactions through miscibility and ionic cross-linking. The bioplastic film demonstrated thermal stability, with a plateau in the range of 130 – 200 °C, indicating that the material possesses suitable properties for thermal processing.
Implementación de un cómic para la enseñanza de simetría molecular en química
Authors: Hernandez  de la Cruz Ricardo , Romero-Ceronio Nancy , Lobato-García Carlos Ernesto , Vilchis Reyes Miguel Ángel , Acosta Pérez Lorena Isabel
Published: September 2024

En este estudio, se exploró el uso del cómic como material didáctico en la enseñanza de la simetría molecular para estudiantes del área de química de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. El comic está diseñado con el propósito de facilitar la adquisición de conocimientos en temas químicos complejos a través de un aprendizaje lúdico, sencillo, creativo y eficaz, para promover el aprendizaje significativo y estrategias cognitivas. La investigación se llevó a cabo con un enfoque mixto, se utilizó la técnica de recolección de datos por medio de encuestas en dos partes. Los datos recopilados fueron tabulados mediante gráficos de barras y de pastel para su posterior análisis. En términos de proporciones, se observó un incremento significativo en el número de respuestas correctas tras la lectura del cómic. Específicamente, la tasa de aciertos aumentó de un 30.6% inicial a un 55.6% posterior a la intervención con el cómic.
The Return to College: Selection and Dropout Risk
Authors: Hendricks Lutz , Leukhina Oksana
Published: September 2024

This article studies the effect of graduating from college on lifetime earnings. We develop a quantitative model of college choice with uncertain graduation. Departing from much of the literature, we model in detail how students progress through college. This allows us to parameterize the model using transcript data. College transcripts reveal substantial and persistent heterogeneity in students' credit accumulation rates that are strongly related to graduation outcomes. From these data, the model infers a large ability gap between college graduates and high school graduates that accounts for 59% of the college lifetime earnings premium.