bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rehabilitación Cardiovascular Basada en Equinoterapia, Arteterapia y Contacto con la Naturaleza: Revisión de Literatura
Authors: Carrasco Blanco Fernando José , Durán Valencia Ivar Mauricio
Published: February 2025

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de mortalidad en todo el mundo, lo que evidencia la necesidad de explorar tratamientos innovadores que evalúen la eficacia y uso potencial, como complemento a los enfoques tradicionales de rehabilitación integral en diferentes patologías. El objetivo es revisar sistemáticamente la literatura científica sobre los avances que ha tenido la aplicación de técnicas de equino terapia, arteterapia y contacto con la naturaleza en condiciones cardiovasculares en seres humanos. La metodología consiste en un procedimiento de búsqueda documental en la base de datos de PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, aplicando tres ecuaciones separadas con criterios de inclusión y exclusión para asegurar la relevancia y pertinencia de los referentes para el campo de la cardiología. Los resultados confirman que la literatura científica de estas técnicas en el manejo de enfermedades cardiovasculares aún es escaza, pero la mayoría de estudios coinciden en el potencial terapéutico que ofrecen estas intervenciones en la regulación de la frecuencia cardíaca, presión arterial, capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, demanda de oxígeno y bienestar emocional. Se requieren más protocolos e investigaciones experimentales, aleatorias y longitudinales que validen la efectividad de intervenciones en patologías específicas relacionadas con el corazón.
Nivel de Conocimiento y Autoeficacia del Uso de Anticonceptivos en Adolescentes de 14 A 19 Años en la Ciudad de Puebla en el 2024
Authors: Cordero Sánchez Clemente , Gonzalez Apango Camila , Xicohtencatl Ramirez Ximena Rocio
Published: February 2025

El conocimiento es una la habilidad humana de relacionar un sujeto que conoce a un tema u objeto por conocer, la autoeficacia mide la propia habilidad para llevar a cabo una acción o conducta, aplicado a adolescentes, etapa de baja experiencia en la toma de decisiones en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos  Para determinar el grado de autoeficacia y conocimiento del uso de anticonceptivos en adolescentes de 14 a 19 años de edad en Puebla 2023. Como metodo fue ocupo un diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional de corte transversal, en una muestra de 179 estudiantes de bachillerato de 14 a 19 años. Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios, “Encuesta del Nivel de Conocimientos sobre Métodos Anticonceptivos” “Escala de Autoeficacia para el uso de métodos anticonceptivos” de Levinson para medir la autoeficacia. Los resultados obtenidos fueron de 50.3% de los participantes es del sexo femenino, la edad que predomino fue de 14 a 17 años con un 91.5%, el 76.5% inicio su vida sexual activa entre los 14 a 16 años.  El 97.7% tiene concomimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos medio y bajo, existe una autoeficacia del uso de anticonceptivos nivel medio en los adolescentes encuestados en un 34.6% y el 63.8% nivel alto y no se encontró que no existe correlación, ni significancia estadística (r= .074, p= .161). Como conclusion no se encontró artículos directamente relacionados en la revisión bibliográfica, el nivel de conocimiento en adolescente sobre el uso de métodos anticonceptivos en su mayoría fue medio y bajo, en relación a la autoeficacia casi dos terceras partes fue alta y no se encontró relación significativa entre estas dos variables.
The Implementation Of Profil Pelajar Pancasila In The Dimension Of Critical Reasoning Through Muhadoroh Activities
Authors: Layinatus Sifah  , Al Mufti Alex Yusron
Published: February 2025

The Profil Pelajar Pancasila is a form of effort to improve the quality of education in Indonesia that prioritizes the formation and development of student’s characters. The characters that are expected to be achieved by students are described through six dimensions. One of the six dimensions is the critical reasoning dimension. The approach that is widely used to improve critical reasoning skills is the constructivism approach. MA Matholi'ul Huda Troso is one of the educational institutions that presents muha?oroh  activities as a compulsory subject. Muha?oroh  is seen as an activity that can improve students' public speaking. After a deeper research, this activity can also improve students' critical reasoning skills. This study aims to explain the implementation of the Profil Pelajar Pancasila in the critical reasoning dimension through muha?oroh  activities. This research uses a case study-based qualitative approach at MA Matholi'ul Huda Troso. Data were obtained through observations and interviews with the research subjects such as the principal, Muha?oroh tutors, teachers and students. Data analysis techniques in this study include three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the Profil Pelajar Pancasila in the dimension of critical reasoning can be implemented through muha?oroh  activities.
Diagnostic Accuracy Of Spectral Doppler Ultrasound In Diagnosis Of Malignant Breast Lesions Taking Histopathology As Gold Standard
Authors: Tabassum Mehwish , Waseem Rabia , Niazi Manal , Riaz Zainab , Shakil Hamna , Anam Wajeeha
Published: February 2025

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of Spectral Doppler Ultrasound in malignant breast lesions, taking histopathology as the gold standard.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. The study duration was 06 months from 10th June 2020 to 10th December 2020.
Methods: The study design was Cross-sectional.Consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for sample collection. A total of 165 women with breast lumps with a duration of lump >1 month and of any size and age 25-65 years were enrolled. Each patient was subject to spectral Doppler ultrasound using a high-resolution unit with a linear array probe centred at 7.5MHz. The findings were interpreted by a consultant radiologist for the presence or absence of malignant breast lesions. All patients underwent biopsy in the concerned ward and the histopathology report was compared with spectral Doppler USG findings.
Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of Spectral Doppler Ultrasound in diagnosing malignant breast lesions, taking histopathology as gold standard was 91.84%, 83.86%, 89.11%, 87.50% and 88.48% respectively. All spectral Doppler indices, including mean peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistive index (RI), and Pulsatility index (PI) were significantly higher in malignant tumours. The optimal cut-off points were PSV = 12.5 cm/s (sensitivity: 85%, specificity: 82%), RI = 0.68 (sensitivity = 92%, specificity = 85%), and PI = 0.93 (sensitivity = 91%, specificity = 88%).
Conclusion: The use of Doppler Ultrasound is a feasible, safer and non-invasive modality and has high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of malignant breast lesions.
PATTERNS OF CLINICAL MEDICO-LEGAL CASES: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY AT A distt headquarter hospital charsadda
Authors: Bangash Nayella Nijat , Siddiqui Naheed , Khan Urooj Khushbakhat , Ullah Ihsan , Nadeem Faiza , Iqbal Farzand
Published: February 2025

Objective: To determine pattern and characteristics of medico-legal cases presenting to District    Head Quarter Hospital Charsadda .
Materials and methods: This retrospective study analyzed 500 patient records from the District Head Quarter Hospital Charsadda .It focused on various types of medicolegal cases (MLC), including firearm incidents, physical assault, poisoning, road traffic accidents, sexual assault, and sharp injuries. The study utilized a consecutive sampling technique and excluded cases with incomplete records, deceased individuals, and non-Pakistani nationals. Statistical analysis, including the Pearson Chi-Square test, was conducted to explore the patterns of MLC in relation to gender, age, and residence.
Results: The mean age was 30.7±8.6 years. The females were 251(50.20%) while the males were 249(49.80%). The pattern of Medico-Legal Cases (MLC) is presented, highlighting both the frequency and percentage for each type. The most common was Road Traffic Accidents having 200(40%) followed by physical assault present in 104(20.80%). Sharp injuries were recorded in 95 cases, representing 19.00% of the total MLC. Poisoning cases were observed in 25 instances, constituting 5.00% of the total MLC. Sexual assault was reported in 56 cases, accounting for 11.20% of the total MLC. Firearm incidents accounted for 20(4%) of the total MLC. Among firearm incidents, 6.4% were female and 1.6% were males. For physical assault, 34% were female and 7.6% were male. Similarly, in poisoning and sexual assault cases, the percentages of females were higher compared to males. Sharp injuries had 26% female and 12% male. There significant association between gender and the MLC type (p<0.001).   For firearm incidents, 5.6% occurred in rural areas and 2.4% in urban areas. A higher proportion of physical assault, poisoning, and sharp injuries cases were reported in urban areas. Road traffic accidents had a higher occurrence in urban areas compared to rural areas. These differences were highly significant (p=0.001).  The distribution of incidents across different age groups did not show significant variation for any of the incident types (p=0.88)
Conclusion: Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) were the predominant type of Medico-Legal Cases (MLC), followed by physical assault and sharp injuries. Females were more commonly affected by physical assault, sexual assault, and poisoning, while males had a higher prevalence of RTAs.
Efficacy of Intra Sheath Corticosteroid Injection in Treatment of De Quervain Disease
Authors: Mahmood Qasim , Mustafa Sheraz , Nasir Sarmad , Khalid Noman
Published: February 2025

Objective: To determine the efficacy of intra-sheath corticosteroid injection in the treatment of De Quervain disease in patients presenting to Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Hospital Islamabad.
Methods: A total of 110 patients of both genders with De Quervain disease were included in the study. Injections were performed a maximum of three times, with an interval of 2 weeks between injections. Patients were called for follow-up 3 months after the last injection and efficacy was noted.
Results: The age range in this study was from 30 to 70 years with a mean age of 49.354±6.37 years, a mean duration of complaints of 9.336±2.71 weeks and a mean baseline VAS score was 6.290±1.16. The right-hand side was more involved (81.8%) than the left-hand (18.2%). Efficacy was observed in 80% of patients.
Conclusion: In summary, local steroid injections directly into the tendon sheath are a very efficient way to reduce the inflammation linked to De Quervain's illness; this method works far better than other therapies such as topical lotions, braces, and oral NSAIDs. This highlights the significant advantages that local steroid injections have over conventional pain management techniques, making them a desirable and effective therapeutic choice for individuals coping with the difficulties associated with De Quervain's disease.
Effect Of Intraoperative Erector Spinae Block For Faster Recovery And Reduced Post-Operative Pain In Patients Undergoing Discectomies & Spinal Decompression
Authors: Azizi Arham , Siddiqui Athar Muniruddin , Munshi Naseem , Masroor Muhammad Salman , Salahuddin Zahra , Hassan Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intraoperative Erector Spinae Block (ESB) in reducing postoperative pain and facilitating recovery in patients undergoing spinal surgeries.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Orthopedic Department of Dr. Ziauddin Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from 15th June 2022 to March 31st, 2023. Patients aged 30 to 50 years undergoing spinal surgeries such as discectomies and spinal decompressions with ASA status I or II were included in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: those receiving ESB (n=33) and a control group receiving standard pain management (n=33). The primary outcome measured was the intensity of postoperative pain, assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours post-surgery. Secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stay and the presence of nausea and vomiting.
Results: Significant reductions in pain scores were observed in the ESB group compared to the control group at 6 hours (median scores: 5 vs. 7, p=0.003), 12 hours (5 vs. 6, p=0.028), and 24 hours (3 vs. 4, p=0.038) post-intervention. The ESB group had a shorter median hospital stay (2 days) compared to the control group (3 days), with this difference being statistically significant (p=0.001).
Conclusion: ESB is an effective and safe technique for managing postoperative pain in spinal surgery patients. It offers significant benefits over traditional pain management approaches, including reduced pain scores, lower opioid consumption, and shorter hospital stays.
Enhancing Patient Care Through Structured Assessment Of Supracondylar Fractures: A Quality Improvement Project At Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical University
Authors: Waris Hira , Akhtar Rahman Rasool , Ahmed Riaz , Haider Muhammad , Javaid Mohammad Mohsin , Ali Waqas
Published: February 2025

Objective: Aim of this QIP is to investigate the neurovascular status documentation of supracondylar fractures in pediatric population and to devise and implement a new assessment proforma for evaluation of these fractures.
Methods: This QIP was conducted in two cycles at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Holy Family Hospital from October 2022 to October 2023. The first cycle was retrospective data collection and second cycle was prospective data collection. In total, there were 112 children with supracondylar fractures. The evaluation was conducted in three stages: the initial stage consisted of examining the patient on presentation, the second stage focused on evaluating after applying plaster of Paris (POP)/backslab/manipulation, and the third stage involved assessing the patient post-surgery. Throughout each stage of evaluation, any changes in vascular assessment (Yes/No) and any changes in neurological assessment (Motor and Sensory) were documented. The data was analyzed using 95% confidence interval and a significance level set at p<0.05.
Results:
Cycle: 1
In cycle 1, pre-Operatively, 6 patients (11.5%) had documented neurological status, 25(48.07%) had documented vascular status, and 10 (19.2%) as "NVI." After POP/backslab/manipulation, neurological status was documented in 3 patients (5.8%), vascular status in 21(40.3%), and "NVI" in 8(15.4%). Postoperatively, neurological status in 5(9.6%), vascular status in 23(44.2%), and "NVI" in 16 patients (30.8%).
Cycle: 2
On presentation in cycle 2, neurological status documentation was present in 41 patients (68.3%), vascular status documentation in 55(91.6%), and "NVI" in 40(66.7%). After POP/backslab/manipulation, neurological status documentation was in 48 patients (80%), vascular status documentation in 52(86.7%), and "NVI" in 53(88.3%). Postoperatively, neurological status documentation was in 52(86.7%), vascular status documentation in 56(93.3%), and "NVI" in 57(95.0%).
Conclusion: This QIP suggest that structured assessment of supracondylar fractures can significantly enhance patient care.
Marantic Endocarditis: A Rare Early Presentation Of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Of The Breast
Authors: Butt Madiha , Rafique Zahra , Iftikhar Fazeelat , Farooq  , Rafique Khadija , Adil Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis also known as Libman-sack endocarditis is a rare disease involving mostly mitral and aortic valves. It’s more commonly associated with malignancy than autoimmune disease. It can be diagnosed definitively postmortem and antepartum. It presents with signs and symptoms of arterial thromboembolism. Embolization is the most common symptom of marantic endocarditis. This can present as stroke, myocardial infarction, acute intestinal ischemia, pulmonary thromboembolism, splenic infarction, or transient ischemic attack. The pathophysiology involves the presence of sterile growths and fibrin deposits on heart valves. We present a case of a 35-year-old female who initially presented with the embolic complication of marantic endocarditis. She had an early diastolic murmur and a left arm weakness on her first presentation to the hospital. Further workup revealed vegetation on the aortic valve on echocardiography. Her blood culture as well as related tumor markers were negative. She developed a lump in her right breast after 1 month which on investigation turned out to be an invasive ductal carcinoma breast. Through this report, we highlight the importance of considering the workup for malignancy every time a patient comes with such symptoms.
Keywords: Endocarditis, Ductal Carcinoma, Thromboembolism.
Efficacy And Safety Of Low Dose Tofacitinib As Induction Therapy In Moderate To Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ahmed Sadia , Umar Muhammad , Kamran Muhammad , Noureen Misbah , Ashraf Iqra , Khan Javeria
Published: February 2025

Objective: The Inflammatory cascade has been the root cause of ulcerative colitis's pathogenesis, and its treatment would centre upon reducing its intensity. Tofacitinib, an orally administered micromolecule, blocks the Janus kinase (JAK) signal transducer pathway, thereby reducing mucosal inflammation. This observational study aimed to assess Tofacitinib's efficacy in relieving Ulcerative Collitis symptoms.
Methods: Out of 19 patients included in the study, only 09 completed the treatment as per inclusion criteria. The Patients were given 5mg of Tofacitinib daily for 6-8 weeks. Total Mayo score i.e. stool frequency, Rectal bleeding, Endoscopic findings and physician global assessment and Partial Mayo score i.e. Total Mayo score minus Endoscopic findings were used as a parameter for disease severity characterization and Partial Mayo score was used as a parameter for measuring the response after treatment.
Results: Out of these patients, 05(50%) developed some sort of side effects prominently flatulence, abdominal discomfort, and generalized edema. Loss of coordination was observed in one 46-year-old male patient. The mean age of the patients presenting with UC was 43.4 years, with an average of 25.2 months of disease duration. The mean partial Mayo score improved from 5.40 to 2.90 after treatment with 5mg of Tofacitinib. The mean of the stool frequency improved significantly from 8.89 to 3.56.
Conclusion: Low-dose Tofacitinib is an effective option in the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis offering efficacy comparable to biologics with lesser side effects, no loss of efficacy over time and cost-effectiveness
Keywords: Ulcerative Colitis, Inflammation.
Budget Politics: A Case Study of Actor Relations in the Formulation of Local government budget Policy in Polewali Mandar Regency in 2025
Authors: Aco Nata Saputra  , Achmad Fauzi Kusmin  , Citra N Fariaty  , Andi Nur Fiqhi Utami
Published: February 2025

Budget politics is a strategic part of regional development. Sustainable regional development is closely related to the Regional Expenditure Budget. This study seeks to reveal how actor relations are in the formulation of Local government budgetPolicy in Polewali Mandar Regency in 2025, the actors in question are the executive represented by the Regional Government Budget Team and the legislative represented by the Local Legislative Assembly Budget Agency. It is interesting because the preparation of the 2025 Local government budgetwill be carried out in 2024 which is a political year and a year of leadership transition with the simultaneous Legislative and Regional Elections. This research uses a qualitative approach that with the type of case study of the object or social reality being researched, it is holistic, complex, dynamic and full of meaning. The results of the study found that the actors involved in the preparation of the Regional Expenditure Budget are very dominated by formal executive and legislative actors, there is no room for informal actors. The transition period of executive leadership and legislative membership transition is not an obstacle to formulating the 2025 Local government budget. Compromise and Consensus are produced in their entirety by prioritizing the principle of togetherness and the welfare of citizens (constituents). The Compromise aspect in the preparation of the 2025 Local government budgetis carried out by means of formal lobbying between the executive and the Legislature. The Consensus aspect was reached several agreements on efforts to make the Local government budgethealthy (no deficit), the alignment of the Local Government Budget with the Local go government medium term (5 year) development plan and Local Government Budget as much as possible in line with the visions and missions of the elected regent.
Development of an IoT-Enabled Automatic Poultry Feeder and Cage Temperature Monitoring System Using Microcontroller Technology
Authors: Setiadi Teguh , Arifiandi Tody Inggil
Published: February 2025

In general, chicken farmers still use conventional systems to feed the chickens they raise. They use their hands to sprinkle feed on the feed poles and walk along the cage where the cages for the chickens they raise are very large. Such activities for chicken farmers will take up time and energy. Feeding chickens can be made easier by using mechanical devices controlled by electronic equipment. The aim of this research is to design and create an IoT-based automatic chicken feeding tool. In designing this tool, we started by designing an IoT-based automatic chicken feeding tool. Where the Servo is a feed pusher in the pipe to spill animal feed into the feeder. The results of this research show the performance of Servo which functions to provide automatic chicken feed. The results of IoT testing which functions as a timer for giving chicken feed to this tool are quite accurate. This is proven by the difference between the time on the tool and the time on the laptop of only 1 second. And temperature monitoring can be seen on the LCD, if the temperature is above 30 degrees, the fan or fun will turn on, and if it is below 30 degrees, the light will turn on automatically.
�C�mo aislar el hongo Beauveria bassiana directamente de la broca?
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Caf�
Published: February 2025

Una forma de disminuir y prevenir la contaminaci�n, es preparando bien el medio de cultivo, es decir que el arroz quede bien cocido, sin exceso de agua y empleando para su preparaci�n agua hervida a la que se le adiciona por cada litro un mililitro de �cido l�ctico.
Manejo de la cosecha en fincas con broca
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Caf�
Published: February 2025

Durante la cosecha es importante evitar que la broca se disemine en toda la finca. Observe la poblaci�n de broca que empieza a desplazarse en el cafetal despu�s de cada graneo y tome una decisi�n de manejo basada en los niveles de infestaci�n. Una opci�n puede ser aplicaci�n de hongo Beauveria bassiana en caso de que la broca est� penetrando los frutos verdes.
El uso del hongo boveria para el control de la broca es compatible con la cr�a de gusano de seda
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Caf�
Published: February 2025

Esta brocarta tiene como objetivo incentivar a los cafeteros a llevar registros de producci�n del hongo y al servicio de extensi�n para quo consoliden la informaci�n y la remitan a CENICAFE con el fin de hacer estimativos de producci�n nacional y medir el impacto en la econom�a cafetera.
Influencia de las lluvias sobre la dispersi�n de la broca
Authors:   Centro Nacional de Investigaciones de Caf�
Published: February 2025

Estudios realizados en diferentes regiones cafeteras del tr�pico, han demostrado que las lluvias posteriores a un per�odo seco son la llave que abre la puerta para que salgan todas las brocas que se encuentran refugiadas en los frutos secos del �rbol y del suelo y se dispersen por los cafetales.
Comportamiento sumidero o emisor de carbono de un sistema de café a libre exposición
Authors: García-López Juan Carlos
Published: February 2025

Los ecosistemas corresponden a unidades funcionales formadas por organismos vivos, su entorno no vivo y las interacciones dentro y entre ellos, influenciados por los efectos de las actividades humanas en su entorno. Estos ecosistemas prestan servicios como los de apoyo a la productividad, mantenimiento de la biodiversidad, suministro de alimentos y otros no muy promocionados como la regulación del clima o ser sumideros de carbono. Algunos flujos como el calor, el vapor de agua, el dióxido de carbono y otros gases se intercambian entre la superficie terrestre y la atmósfera, y existen técnicas micro meteorológicas que se implementan con sensores de alta resolución, dispuestos para que corrientes turbulentas de aire pasen por ellos y así determinar magnitudes de almacenamiento de carbono y los intercambios de energía, CO2 y vapor de agua en fracciones de segundo. Una de las técnicas más utilizadas hoy en día es la de covarianza de torbellinos. En este seminario presentaremos los avances en la medición de estos flujos, mediante la técnica de covarianza de torbellinos, en un sistema de cafetos a libre exposición, en ciclos de siembra y zoca, hasta los 36 meses de edad, que tuvieron en su etapa de crecimiento vegetativo maíz intercalado. Responderemos a la pregunta de si ¿el ecosistema es sumidero o emisor de carbono? y revisaremos las relaciones entre el intercambio neto de carbono, el clima y los cambios de vegetación y fenológicos.Los ecosistemas corresponden a unidades funcionales formadas por organismos vivos, su entorno no vivo y las interacciones dentro y entre ellos, influenciados por los efectos de las actividades humanas en su entorno. Estos ecosistemas prestan servicios como los de apoyo a la productividad, mantenimiento de la biodiversidad, suministro de alimentos y otros no muy promocionados como la regulación del clima o ser sumideros de carbono. Algunos flujos como el calor, el vapor de agua, el dióxido de carbono y otros gases se intercambian entre la superficie terrestre y la atmósfera, y existen técnicas micro meteorológicas que se implementan con sensores de alta resolución, dispuestos para que corrientes turbulentas de aire pasen por ellos y así determinar magnitudes de almacenamiento de carbono y los intercambios de energía, CO2 y vapor de agua en fracciones de segundo. Una de las técnicas más utilizadas hoy en día es la de covarianza de torbellinos. En este seminario presentaremos los avances en la medición de estos flujos, mediante la técnica de covarianza de torbellinos, en un sistema de cafetos a libre exposición, en ciclos de siembra y zoca, hasta los 36 meses de edad, que tuvieron en su etapa de crecimiento vegetativo maíz intercalado. Responderemos a la pregunta de si ¿el ecosistema es sumidero o emisor de carbono? y revisaremos las relaciones entre el intercambio neto de carbono, el clima y los cambios de vegetación y fenológicos.
Biología y comportamiento de la cochinillas que enquistan las raíces del café
Authors: Carmona Luz Andrea
Published: February 2025

Desde los años 30, las cochinillas de las raíces del café (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) están presentes en la caficultura colombiana; sin embargo, en los últimos años han causado mayor preocupación a los caficultores en los diferentes departamentos productores del grano. En Colombia, estudios recientes reportaron 61 especies de cochinillas presentes en las raíces de Coffea arabica L. (Rubiaceae), con 18% de Dysmicoccus complejo texensis (Tinsley, 1900), 12% de Pseudococcus elisae Borchsenius, 1947, y 1% de Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel Miller, 1996, presentes en la caficultura joven, en ocho departamentos cafeteros. Estas especies se asocian con hongos basidiomicetos que colonizan desde la base de la raíz hasta las raíces primarias y secundarias, formando una estructura corchosa, con cientos de cochinillas en su interior. En este seminario se presentarán los resultados sobre el ciclo de vida de Pseudococcus elisae, el comportamiento en el campo y la identificación de los hongos asociados a cuatro especies de cochinillas que enquistan las raíces del café, información básica requerida para plantear nuevas estrategias de manejo
Fotosíntesis en tejidos no fotosintéticos, una perspectiva funcional de la fructificación en Coffea arabica
Authors: Flechas-Bejarano Natalia
Published: February 2025

La fotosíntesis foliar ha sido ampliamente estudiada, dado que las hojas son el órgano de las plantas que tienen la infraestructura anatómica y bioquímica para capturar la radiación lumínica y la asimilación del CO2 simultáneamente, a lo largo del día. Sin embargo, poco se ha profundizado en la actividad fotosintética de aquellos tejidos no foliares como los tallos, pedicelos, flores, frutos y semillas, que a pesar de ser considerados típicamente como vertederos, son protagonistas en el equilibrio y la economía del carbono de las plantas, desde el establecimiento hasta la senescencia. En plantas con metabolismo foliar C3, se han encontrado reacciones en tejidos no foliares tipo C4, lo cual ha representado la diversidad genética presente en especies con el genoma multiplicado, además de la funcionalidad ecológica y fisiológica que conlleva la presencia de estos metabolismos mixtos en la fijación de CO2. El presente seminario científico tiene como objetivo mostrar, a través de la revisión de literatura, la fotosíntesis presente en tejidos no foliares, con énfasis en frutos y semillas de Coffea arabica L. durante su crecimiento y desarrollo, además de la evidencia de intercambio gaseoso en frutos verdes de café y sus implicaciones para la producción y resiliencia frente al cambio climático.
Nemátodos fitopatógenos: buscando una solución desde la biología molecular a uno de los principales riesgos de la seguridad alimentaria global
Authors: Lozano Torres José Luis
Published: February 2025

Se predice que los nematodos fitoparásitos hacen parte de las plagas y enfermedades que más rápido se esparcirán en el contexto del calentamiento global. En esta charla cubriré algunas de las tácticas usadas en Holanda y desarrolladas en la Universidad de Wageningen Research (WUR) para el manejo de estos parásitos. También ahondaré en nuestra contribución desde el Laboratorio de Nematología en el entendimiento de efectores de los nematodos que suprimen la inmunidad de la planta y en nuestra búsqueda de genes de resistencia de amplio espectro.
Caracterización organoléptica de la colección núcleo de Café
Authors: López-Monsalve Luisa
Published: February 2025

Uno de principales activos de los cafeteros colombianos es la Colección Colombiana de Café (CCC), en la cual se conserva la variabilidad genética disponible de C. arabica y, genotipos representantes de otras especies del género Coffea, entre ellos C. liberica, C. canephora, C. eugenioides, C. racemosa, C. salvatrix y C. kapakata. La CCC ha sido explorada por diferentes atributos agronómicos, resistencia a la roya, a la enfermedad de las cerezas, tolerancia a broca, calidad física del grano y sensorial de la bebida. Esta información, unida a la determinación previa de la estructura de poblaciones, permitió la conformación de una Colección Núcleo (CN) de 50 accesiones, las cuales representan diversidad del germoplasma etíope silvestre, presente en la CCC. En el mundo el café de Colombia es reconocido por su excelente calidad en taza, lo cual representa un mejor precio de venta. Conocer el potencial de calidad sensorial presente en el germoplasma de café, así como conocer los mecanismos genéticos que lo regulan, es fundamental para el programa de mejoramiento genético, pues viabilizaría el desarrollo de variedades mejoradas con perfiles sensoriales diferenciados. Para ello, en 2017 se estableció la CN en tres localidades contrastantes de la caficultura colombiana, lo que permitió identificar genotipos con excelentes atributos organolépticos si no también, profundizar en la determinación de la contribución del genotipo y del ambiente en la expresión de la calidad de la bebida en café. En este seminario se presentarán los resultados obtenidos de la exploración sensorial de la CN de Cenicafé, así como los aspectos más relevantes del mejoramiento por esta característica.
Entrepreneurial determinants of Moroccan business failure: entrepreneurial behaviors and attitudes
Authors: Zizi Youssef , Jamali-Alaoui Amine , El Goumi Badreddine
Published: February 2025

The main objective of this article is to determine the entrepreneurial determinants of Moroccan business failures. To address our research problem, we employ multiple regression models. Entrepreneurial behaviors and attitudes are sourced from the dataset provided by Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). Additionally, we enhance our dataset by incorporating entrepreneurial variables from the World Bank entrepreneurship database and OMPIC. Applying variable selection techniques and models selection criteria, such as AIC and BIC, the main results indicate that the model composed of variables related to entrepreneurial behavior and attitudes variables, specifically fear of failure rate, perceived capabilities rate, and perceived opportunities rate, better explains bankruptcy rate. This empirical study represents the inaugural examination in Morocco employing entrepreneurial behaviors and attitudes variables to assess their impact on business failure. The findings from this article could open up new perspectives for identifying entrepreneurial variables that explain business failure in Morocco. To the best of our knowledge, our research is the first to explore this topic in this country.
Diversity of beetles (Arthropoda, Insecta, Coleoptera) associated with coniferous forests in Honduras
Authors: Hernández Mauricio , Michel Mauricio , García Joel , Dueñas Geisy , Moncada Marcela , Amaya Kevin , Yánez Yensi , Pinto Alejandra , Matamoros Gabriela , Zamora Alejandro , Fontecha Gustavo
Published: February 2025

Bark beetles are among the primary drivers of tree mortality in coniferous forests worldwide. Individuals belonging to the order Coleoptera were identified across different forest areas in Honduras. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the number of families, subfamilies, genera, and species collected per department. Moreover, the barcoding approach was used by amplifying and sequencing the mitochondrial COI gene. The intraspecific genetic diversity of Ips apache was also analyzed. 1,131 individuals were examined and 27 genera were identified. Most of the specimens were identified as belonging to the genus Ips, accounting for 53.2% of the total. Xyleborus accounted for 16.5% and Temnoscheila accounted for 10%. Fewer than four individuals were found for fifteen genera. 68% of the specimens were identified to the species level, and all the specimens were identified to the genus level. Ips, Temnoscheila, Xyleborus, Hypothenemus, and Pityophthorus exhibited the most extensive geographic distribution among the sampled sites. At the genus level, Olancho, El Paraíso, and Copán displayed the highest diversity. This study also marks the first report of the genera Xylomeira and Stephanopachys in Honduran pine forests. Within I. apache, evidence of intraspecific genetic diversity was observed, although no population structure was detected. While this research provides an updated inventory of beetle species associated with Honduran coniferous forests, further taxonomic surveys and ecological studies are essential to better understand the spread and impact of bark beetles in pine ecosystems.
Inštitut za slovensko literaturo in literarne vede ob petdesetletnici
Authors: Dolinar Darko
Published: February 2025

A brief origin, development, and general features of the Institute of Slovene Literature and Literary Sciences, followed by more detailed references of main research fields and work done so far – Slovenian literary history researches, scientific editions, literary-theoretical researches, and editing of Literary Lexicon as well bio-bibliographical researches, and editing of Slovene Biographical Lexicon – are all to be found in the booklet, published on Institute's fiftieth anniversary.
Slovenska kratka proza 1919–1929
Authors: Kocijan Gregor
Published: February 2025

Gregor Kocijan is currently the most thorough interpreter of the development of Slovenian short narrative fiction. By systematically describing short fiction’s themes, lenghth, genre labels, narrative techniques, styles, and genre variety, Kocijan follows the succession, coexistence, and entanglement of different poetological and stylistic models of short stories and deals with them in the order of literary periods. All analyzes are based on the author's extensive bibliographic registers. So far, Kocijan’s monographs have discussed hundreds of short fiction works from the mid-19th century to the Moderna around 1900. In the interwar period (1919-1929), the author discusses the blossoming of this literary genre: the mass of (often syncretic) variations on realistic models and the Cankarian Moderna is faced with more innovative trends, marked by expressionism and avant-garde.
Naturalness: Some Slovenian (Morpho)syntactic Examples
Authors: Orešnik Janez
Published: February 2025

Within Naturalness Theory as practised in the local work, the following mostly (morpho)syntactic phenomena of Slovenian are considered (the numbering refers to the so-called deductions in the main text):2. The type Brežice so bile mesto ‘Brežice was a town’, as against to mesto so bile Brežice ‘this town was Brežice’. 3. The verbal aspect in the affirmative and the negative imperative. 4. Informal and less informal addressing of one person. 5. Formal and less formal addressing of one person. 6. The displacement of the adjective modifier to the right of the head. 7. Non-imperative sentences as expressive variants of the imperative. 8. The conditional expressed with an imperative clause. 9. The use of the affirmative imperative supported with suitable particles instead of the negated imperative. 10—11. The accusative in the form of the corresponding genitive if the inanimate noun head of the adjectival is ellipted, e.g., hočem belega ‘I want the white one (scil. the white car)’. 12. The emphasis of intra- and extra-clausal sentence negation. 13. The sentence negation + the finite and infinite verb. 14. The subject complement of middle-voice reflexive verbs in the nominative and in the accusative. 15. The definite form of the adjective in vocatives. 16—7. Full noun phrase subjects with verbs in the non-third verbal person, e.g., študentje garate ‘you students work hard’. 18—9. Pronominal possession, alienable and inalienable. 20. The main arguments of the verb and of the noun. 21—2. Definite and indefinite adjective forms. 23. The definite article ta-. 24. Characterizing and identifying possessive adjectives. 25. Genitivus subiectivus v. genitivus obiectivus. 26. The direct object in infinite clauses of purpose. 27. Inflection of men’s and women’s surnames. 28. Slovenian geographical regions whose names end in -sko and -ska, e.g., Gorenjsko, Gorenjska ‘Upper Carniola’.
A System Thinking Approach to Pre-Service Teachers' Formation
Authors: Maiorana Francesco , Csizmadia Andrew P. , Richards Gretchen M. , Cristaldi Giusy , Bavonese Janet L.
Published: February 2025

It is acknowledged that it is necessary to introduce computing for a quality education starting from primary education. This can be accomplished by empowering pre-service teachers to become confident in teaching computing. The work will review the literature and compare teacher pre-service formation (PSF) activities in each author's country with an overview of the respective continents. Drawn from direct field experiences, this work will present, discuss, compare, and draw conclusions and best practices, through the lens of system thinking, on the complex process of pre-service computing teacher transformation. Similarities are acknowledged, while differences in approaches are highlighted. Using the lens of systems thinking, a review of research and theory to examine pre-service teacher (PST) formation will include Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) in the realm of science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM). Celia (Computer Educators Learning Inclusive Actor) will represent the teaching candidates' professional pathways in each country.
Current resistance status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus populations in Penang Island, Malaysia
Authors: Ng Kin Hoong , Zuharah Wan Fatma
Published: February 2025

Objective:

To determine the current insecticide resistance status of Aedes (Ae.) aegypti and Ae. albopictus to four insecticides, namely 0.05% deltamethrin, 0.75% permethrin, 5% malathion and 0.25% pirimiphos–methyl using the World Health Organisation (WHO) susceptibility test kit.

Methods:

Adult bioassays were carried out using the standard protocol of the World Health Organisation. All F1 generation urban and suburban field strains of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were tested against pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides, including the presence of piperonyl butoxide (PBO) in four replicates of 25 non-blood-fed female mosquitoes ranging from 3 to 5 days old. The Vector Control Research Unit (VCRU) laboratory strain served as a reference strain.

Results:

In this study, 0.05% deltamethrin demonstrated a lower value of knockdown time when 50% of the mosquito population died (KT50) and knockdown time when 95% of the mosquito population died (KT95), which is significantly more effective compared to 0.75% permethrin against adult female Ae. aegypti (urban and suburban) and Ae. albopictus (urban and suburban) (ANOVA, P<0.01). Meanwhile, 5% malathion was a more effective insecticide, amounting to the shorter KT50 and KT95 compared to 0.25% pirimiphos-methyl against Ae. aegypti (urban and suburban) and Ae. albopictus (urban and suburban). Ae. aegypti urban and Ae. aegypti suburban performed a higher resistance ratio (RR) towards both 0.05% deltamethrin and 0.75% permethrin due to the wide use of permethrin in dengue vector control programs in Malaysia. However, Ae. albopictus urban and suburban have lower resistance than Ae. aegypti urban and suburban towards 0.05% deltamethrin and 0.75% permethrin at 24 hours post-treatment. The addition of PBO with these insecticides successfully reduced knockdown time (KT50 and KT95) values of most of the Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus field strains except PBO+0.75% permethrin against Ae. aegypti suburban.

Conclusions:

The addition of PBO to insecticides has significantly reduced the knockdown time (KT50 and KT95) values on most of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus urban strain except PBO+5% malathion against Ae. albopictus urban strain and PBO+0.75% permethrin against Ae. albopictus suburban strain in comparison to exposure to insecticides without PBO. Ae. aegypti showed a higher resistance ratio of 50 (RR50) when compared with the VCRU laboratory reference strain (susceptible strain) at the exposure to the deltamethrin, including with pre-exposure to PBO. This study found that the addition of PBO with organophosphates (5% malathion and 0.25% pirimiphos–methyl) was significantly more effective than pyrethroids against Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus (urban and suburban) due to their high mortality rate at 24 hours. It can be concluded that the usage of PBO can help reduce resistance alteration in Aedes mosquitoes.
Psychometric Analysis of Young’s Internet Addiction Test among High School Students of North India
Authors: Karol Sunidhi , Thakare Meenal M. , Giri Purushottam A. , Karol Mohit , Sharma Minnat , Dhiman Rishab
Published: February 2025

Background:

Internet addiction is a serious problem that can negatively impact both the physical and mental health of adolescents. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) is the most commonly used instrument to screen internet addiction worldwide. The study investigated the psychometric properties of the Hindi version of young’s IAT. School-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study design.

Methods and Materials:

The Hindi version of the IAT questionnaire was used to estimate internet addiction. Factor structure was analyzed by exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor (CFA) analyses, whereas reliability was measured with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. EFA, CFA, MANOVA, and logistic regression model.

Results:

Factor analysis revealed that the Hindi version of IAT consisted of a two-factor model, and had good validity (χ2
P < 0.000; RMSEA = 0.039; CFI = 0.969; SRMR = 0.031). Cronbach’s alpha score was 0.92. A significant association was also observed between the level of internet addiction with the duration of internet use per day (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

The Hindi version of IAT provides good validity and reliability in a two-factor model. Therefore, it can be utilized as a tool for screening internet addiction in the Hindi-speaking population of India.
Opportunistic Screening for Enhanced TB Case Detection among Inpatients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bengaluru
Authors: Sharath B N , Sangeetha M D , Menon P K Sreenath , Santhosh Gokul , Darshan H S , Manukrishnan R , Nandhini R , Katakdhond Susheelkumar S , Nair Aparna S. , Indu M , Sushma M Spuriti , Mudhol Rakesh
Published: February 2025

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, causing substantial illness and death. In India, the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) has been working to combat TB, but eliminating the disease remains difficult. To improve TB case detection, a feasibility study took place at a tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru, India. The study’s objective was to assess the occurrence of four TB symptom complexes among admitted patients in medicine, emergency medicine, and pediatrics wards and estimate the screening needed to identify one TB patient among these admissions.

Materials and Methods:

From April to June 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted at a 750-bed tertiary care hospital in Bengaluru, which had an established NTEP cell. The study encompassed all patients admitted to the medicine, emergency medicine, and pediatrics wards, with a calculated sample size of 1473 patients. Data collection was done using a validated questionnaire, and inpatients were screened for four TB symptom complexes: cough lasting over 14 days, fever or evening rise of temperature, night sweats, and significant weight loss. Positive cases were referred to a designated microscopy center (DMC) for sputum examination and further diagnosis and treatment.

Results:

Among the 1497 patients screened, 272 (18%) showed symptoms related to tuberculosis (TB). Out of these, 31 (11.3%) were confirmed to have TB through sputum examination and chest X-ray. The calculated number needed to screen (NNS) to identify one TB case among inpatients was 48. PTB cases were most prevalent in the 56–65 age group, whereas diagnosed TB patients were mainly in the 36–45 age group.

Conclusions:

In conclusion, the daily screening of admitted patients in the Departments of Medicine, Emergency Medicine, and Pediatrics has yielded positive results and is deemed feasible for implementation within the medical college setting.