bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POLE/POLD1 mutation and tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Ma Xiaoting , Dong Lin , Liu Xiu , Ou Kai , Yang Lin
Published: July 2022

POLE and POLD1 encode the catalytic and proofreading subunits of DNA polymerase ε and polymerase δ, and play important roles in DNA replication and proofreading. POLE/POLD1 exonuclease domain mutations lead to loss of proofreading function, which causes the accumulation of mutant genes in cells. POLE/POLD1 mutations are not only closely related to tumor formation, but are also a potential molecular marker for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in pan-carcinomatous species. The association of POLE/POLD1 mutation, ultra-high mutation load, and good prognosis have recently become the focus of clinical research. This article reviews the function of POLE/POLD1, its relationship with deficient mismatch repair/high microsatellite instability, and the role of POLE/POLD1 mutation in the occurrence and development of various tumors.
Chronic critical illness and post-intensive care syndrome: from pathophysiology to clinical challenges
Authors: Voiriot Guillaume , Oualha Mehdi , Pierre Alexandre , Salmon-Gandonnière Charlotte , Gaudet Alexandre , Jouan Youenn , Kallel Hatem , Radermacher Peter , Vodovar Dominique , Sarton Benjamine , Stiel Laure , Bréchot Nicolas , Préau Sébastien , Joffre Jérémie ,   la CRT de la SRLF
Published: July 2022

Background

Post‐intensive care syndrome (PICS) encompasses physical, cognition, and mental impairments persisting after intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. Ultimately it significantly impacts the long‐term prognosis, both in functional outcomes and survival. Thus, survivors often develop permanent disabilities, consume a lot of healthcare resources, and may experience prolonged suffering. This review aims to present the multiple facets of the PICS, decipher its underlying mechanisms, and highlight future research directions.

Main text

This review abridges the translational data underlying the multiple facets of chronic critical illness (CCI) and PICS. We focus first on ICU-acquired weakness, a syndrome characterized by impaired contractility, muscle wasting, and persisting muscle atrophy during the recovery phase, which involves anabolic resistance, impaired capacity of regeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction, and abnormalities in calcium homeostasis. Second, we discuss the clinical relevance of post-ICU cognitive impairment and neuropsychological disability, its association with delirium during the ICU stay, and the putative role of low-grade long-lasting inflammation. Third, we describe the profound and persistent qualitative and quantitative alteration of the innate and adaptive response. Fourth, we discuss the biological mechanisms of the progression from acute to chronic kidney injury, opening the field for renoprotective strategies. Fifth, we report long-lasting pulmonary consequences of ARDS and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Finally, we discuss several specificities in children, including the influence of the child’s pre-ICU condition, development, and maturation.

Conclusions

Recent understandings of the biological substratum of the PICS’ distinct features highlight the need to rethink our patient trajectories in the long term. A better knowledge of this syndrome and precipitating factors is necessary to develop protocols and strategies to alleviate the CCI and PICS and ultimately improve patient recovery.
Interferon-beta inhibits human glioma stem cell growth by modulating immune response and cell cycle related signaling pathways
Authors: Han Xin-Xin , Jin Shengkai , Yu Li-Ming , Wang Min , Hu Xin-Yu , Hu Dai-Yu , Ren Jie , Zhang Meng-Han , Huang Wei , Deng Jia-Jia , Chen Qing-Qing , Gao Zhengliang , He Hua , Cai Chunhui
Published: July 2022

Malignant Glioma is characterized by strong self-renewal potential and immature differentiation potential. The main reason is that malignant glioma holds key cluster cells, glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs contribute to tumorigenesis, tumor progression, recurrence, and treatment resistance. Interferon-beta (IFN-β) is well known for its anti-proliferative efficacy in diverse cancers. IFN-β also displayed potent antitumor effects in malignant glioma. IFN-β affect both GSCs and Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the treatment of gliomas. However, the functional comparison, similar or different effects of IFN-β on GSCs and NSCs are rarely reported. Here, we studied the similarities and differences of the responses to IFN-β between human GSCs and normal NSCs. We found that IFN-β preferentially inhibited GSCs over NSCs. The cell body and nucleus size of GSCs increased after IFN-β treatment, and the genomic analysis revealed the enrichment of the upregulated immune response, cell adhesion genes and down regulated cell cycle, ribosome pathways. Several typical cyclin genes, including cyclin A2 (CCNA2), cyclin B1 (CCNB1), cyclin B2 (CCNB2), and cyclin D1 (CCND1), were significantly downregulated in GSCs after IFN-β stimulation. We also found that continuous IFN-β stimulation after passage further enhanced the inhibitory effect. Our study revealed how genetic diversity resulted in differential effects in response to IFN-β treatment. These results may contribute to improve the applications of IFN-β in anti-cancer immunotherapy. In addition, these results may also help to design more effective pharmacological strategies to target cancer stem cells while protecting normal neural stem cells.
Systemic immune inflammation index and system inflammation response index are potential biomarkers of atrial fibrillation among the patients presenting with ischemic stroke
Authors: Lin Kai-bin , Fan Feng-hua , Cai Ming-qi , Yu Yin , Fu Chuan-liang , Ding Lu-yue , Sun Yu-dong , Sun Jia-wen , Shi Yong-wang , Dong Zhi-feng , Yuan Min-Jie , Li Shuai , Wang Yan-peng , Chen Kan-kai , Zhu Ji-ni , Guo Xin-wei , Zhang Xue , Zhao Yu-wu , Li Jing-bo , Huang Dong
Published: July 2022

Background

Chronic inflammatory disorders in atrial fibrillation (AF) contribute to the onset of ischemic stroke. Systemic immune inflammation index (SIII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are the two novel and convenient measurements that are positively associated with body inflammation. However, little is known regarding the association between SIII/SIRI with the presence of AF among the patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods

A total of 526 ischemic stroke patients (173 with AF and 353 without AF) were consecutively enrolled in our study from January 2017 to June 2019. SIII and SIRI were measured in both groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the potential association between SIII/SIRI and the presence of AF. Finally, the correlation between hospitalization expenses, changes in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and SIII/SIRI values were measured.

Results

In patients with ischemic stroke, SIII and SIRI values were significantly higher in AF patients than in non-AF patients (all p < 0.001). Moreover, with increasing quartiles of SIII and SIRI in all patients, the proportion of patients with AF was higher than that of non-AF patients gradually. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that log-transformed SIII and log-transformed SIRI were independently associated with the presence of AF in patients with ischemic stroke (log-transformed SIII: odds ratio [OR]: 1.047, 95% confidence interval CI = 0.322–1.105, p = 0.047; log-transformed SIRI: OR: 6.197, 95% CI = 2.196–17.484, p = 0.001). Finally, a positive correlation between hospitalization expenses, changes in the NIHSS scores and SIII/SIRI were found, which were more significant in patients with AF (all p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our study suggests SIII and SIRI are convenient and effective measurements for predicting the presence of AF in patients with ischemic stroke. Moreover, they were correlated with increased financial burden and poor short-term prognosis in AF patients presenting with ischemic stroke.
An energy-based study of the embedded element method for explicit dynamics
Authors: Martin Valerie A. , Kraft Reuben H. , Hannah Thomas H. , Ellis Stephen
Published: July 2022

The embedded finite element technique provides a unique approach for modeling of fiber-reinforced composites. Meshing fibers as distinct bundles represented by truss elements embedded in a matrix material mesh allows for the assignment of more specific material properties for each component rather than homogenization of all of the properties. However, the implementations of the embedded element technique available in commercial software do not replace the material of the matrix elements with the material of the embedded elements. This causes a redundancy in the volume calculation of the overlapping meshes leading to artificially increased stiffness and mass. This paper investigates the consequences in the energy calculations of an explicit dynamic model due to this redundancy. A method for the correction of the edundancy within a finite element code is suggested which removes extra energy and is shown to be effective at correcting the energy calculations for large amounts of redundant volume.
Researching the Impact of Service provider Education (RISE) Project — a multiphase mixed methods protocol to evaluate implementation acceptability and feasibility
Authors: Kimber Melissa , Vanstone Meredith , Dimitropoulos Gina , Collin-Vézina Delphine , Stewart Donna
Published: July 2022

Background

Health and social service providers receive limited education on recognizing and responding to family violence. With adequate education, providers could be prepared to identify individuals subjected to family violence and help reduce the risk of associated impairment. Informed by the Active Implementation Frameworks, our research will determine the scope of strategies needed for the uptake and sustainability of educational interventions focused on family violence for providers. It will also determine the acceptability, feasibility, and proof-of-concept for a new educational intervention, called VEGA (Violence, Evidence, Guidance, Action), for developing and improving primary care provider knowledge and skills in family violence.

Methods

This paper details the protocol for the Researching the Impact of Service provider Education (RISE) Project. The RISE Project follows a sequential multiphase mixed method research design; qualitative and quantitative data are being collected and integrated over three conceptually and methodologically linked research phases. Activities primarily occur in Ontario, Alberta, and Quebec. Phase 1 uses a sequential exploratory mixed method research design to characterize the scope and salience of learning and implementation needs and preferences for family violence education. Phase 2 will use an embedded mixed method research design to determine whether VEGA technology supports providers to achieve their family violence learning goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction. Phase 3 will use a concurrent mixed method research design to determine acceptability, feasibility, and proof-of-concept for evaluating whether VEGA improves primary care providers’ knowledge and skills in family violence. This final phase will provide information on implementation strategies for family violence education in the “real world.” It will also generate data on provider recruitment, retention, and data completeness, as well as exploratory estimates of the effect for provider outcome measures proposed for a randomized controlled trial.

Discussion

The RISE Project comprehensively integrates an implementation approach to improve family violence education for the health and social service professions. It will provide important information about factors that could influence the uptake and effectiveness of a health profession’s educational intervention into the real world, as well as provide foundational evidence concerning the tenability of using a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of VEGA in primary care settings.
A mixed-methods feasibility study of a comorbidity-adapted exercise program for low back pain in older adults (COMEBACK): a protocol
Authors: de Luca Katie , Yanz Megan , Downie Aron , Kendall Julie , Skou Søren T. , Hartvigsen Jan , French Simon D. , Ferreira Manuela L. , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita M. A.
Published: July 2022

Background

The prevalence of low back pain increases with age and has a profound impact on physical and psychosocial health. With increasing age comes increasing comorbidity, and this also has pronounced health consequences. Whilst exercise is beneficial for a range of health conditions, trials of exercise for low back pain management often exclude older adults. It is currently unknown whether an exercise program for older adults with low back pain, tailored for the presence of comorbidities, is acceptable for participants and primary healthcare providers (PHCPs). Therefore, this mixed-methods study will assess the feasibility of an 8-week comorbidity-adapted exercise program for older people with low back pain and comorbid conditions.

Methods

The 3-phased feasibility study will be performed in a primary healthcare setting. PHCPs will be trained to deliver a comorbidity-adapted exercise program for older people with low back pain and comorbidities. Healthcare-seeking adults > 65 will be screened for eligibility over telephone, with a recruitment target of 24 participants. Eligible participants will attend an initial appointment (diagnostic phase). During this initial appointment, a research assistant will collect patient demographics, self-reported outcome measurement data, and perform a physical and functional examination to determine contraindications and restrictions to an exercise program. During the development phase, PHCPs will adapt the exercise program to the individual and provide patient education. During the intervention phase, there will be two supervised exercise sessions per week, over 8 weeks (total of 16 exercise sessions). Each exercise session will be approximately 60 min in duration. A qualitative evaluation after the last exercise program session will explore the feasibility of the exercise program for participants and PHCPs. Progression criteria will determine the suitability for a fully powered randomised controlled trial.

Discussion

This mixed-methods feasibility study will assess an exercise program for older adults with low back pain and comorbidities. Once assessed for feasibility, the exercise program may be tested for effectiveness in a larger, fully powered randomised controlled trial. This information will add to the sparse evidence base on appropriate options for managing back pain in older adults.

Trial registration

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry registration number: ACTRN12621000379819p (06/04/2021; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12621000379819p).

Trial sponsor

Macquarie University, Department of Chiropractic, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
Muslim Communities Learning About Second-hand Smoke in Bangladesh (MCLASS II): a combined evidence and theory-based plus partnership intervention development approach
Authors: Kellar Ian , Al Azdi Zunayed , Jackson Cath , Huque Rumana , Mdege Noreen Dadirai , Siddiqi Kamran ,   on behalf of the MCLASS II Trial Team
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Deaths from second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure are increasing, but there is not sufficient evidence to recommend a particular SHS intervention or intervention development approach. Despite the available guidance on intervention reporting, and on the role and nature of pilot and feasibility studies, partial reporting of SHS interventions is common. The decision-making whilst developing such interventions is often under-reported. This paper describes the processes and decisions employed during transitioning from the aim of adapting an existing mosque-based intervention focused on public health messages, to the development of the content of novel community-based Smoke-Free Home (SFH) intervention. The intervention aims to promote smoke-free homes to reduce non-smokers’ exposure to SHS in the home via faith-based messages.

Methods

The development of the SFH intervention had four sequential phases: in-depth interviews with adults in households in Dhaka, identification of an intervention programme theory and content with Islamic scholars from the Bangladesh Islamic Foundation (BIF), user testing of candidate intervention content with adults, and iterative intervention development workshops with Imams and khatibs who trained at the BIF.

Results

It was judged inappropriately to take an intervention adaptation approach. Following the identification of an intervention programme theory and collaborating with stakeholders in an iterative and collaborative process to identify barriers, six potentially modifiable constructs were identified. These were targeted with a series of behaviour change techniques operationalised as Quranic verses with associated health messages to be used as the basis for Khutbahs. Following iterative user testing, acceptable intervention content was generated.

Conclusion

The potential of this community-based intervention to reduce SHS exposure at home and improve lung health among non-smokers in Bangladesh is the result of an iterative and collaborative process. It is the result of the integration of behaviour change evidence and theory and community stakeholder contributions to the production of the intervention content. This novel combination of intervention development frameworks demonstrates a flexible approach that could provide insights for intervention development in related contexts.
Clinical perspectives and therapeutic strategies: pediatric autoinflammatory disease—a multi-faceted approach to fever of unknown origin of childhood
Authors: Yachie Akihiro
Published: July 2022

Among the different etiologies for fever of unknown origin in children, infectious diseases are the most frequent final diagnosis, followed by autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Autoinflammatory diseases are relatively rare among children and are frequently overlooked as differential diagnoses for fever of unknown origin. Once the possibility of a particular autoimmune disease is considered by physicians, the diagnosis might be easily made by a genetic approach because many of autoinflammatory diseases are of monogenic origin. To reach the diagnosis, detailed history-taking, precise physical examinations, and cytokine profiling as well as extensive mutation analysis of candidate genes should be undertaken for febrile children. Such the approach will protect the patients, and their family to undergo “diagnostic odyssey” in which unnecessary and sometimes risky diagnostic and therapeutic interventions are taken.

This short review discusses the clinical and laboratory features of familial Mediterranean fever and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, as representative illnesses of monogenic and polygenic autoinflammatory diseases, respectively. Cytokine profiling and mutation analyses both help to understand and decipher the heterogeneous pathologies in both disease categories.
The effects of face coverings, own-ethnicity biases, and attitudes on emotion recognition
Authors: Cooper Holly , Brar Amrit , Beyaztas Hazel , Jennings Ben J. , Bennetts Rachel J.
Published: July 2022

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, face coverings were introduced as a safety measure in certain environments in England and some research suggests that they can affect emotion recognition. Factors such as own-ethnicity bias (e.g. whether people perceiving and expressing emotions are of the same ethnicity) and social biases are also known to influence emotion recognition. However, it is unclear whether these factors interact with face coverings to affect emotion recognition. Therefore, this study examined the effects of face coverings, own-ethnicity biases, and attitudes on emotion recognition accuracy. In this study, 131 participants viewed masked and unmasked emotional faces varying in ethnicity and completed a questionnaire on their attitudes towards face masks. We found that emotion recognition was associated with masks and attitudes: accuracy was lower in masked than unmasked conditions and attitudes towards masks Inside and Outside were associated with emotion recognition. However, a match between perceiver and stimulus ethnicity did not have a significant effect on emotion recognition. Ultimately, our results suggest that masks, and negative attitudes towards them, were associated with poorer emotion recognition. Future research should explore different mask-wearing behaviours and possible in-group/out-group biases and their interaction with other social cues (e.g. in-group biases).
Adiposity Status, Trajectories, and Earlier Puberty Onset: Results From a Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Li Yanhui , Ma Tao , Ma Ying , Gao Di , Chen Li , Chen Manman , Liu Jieyu , Dong Bin , Dong Yanhui , Ma Jun
Published: July 2022

Context

Adiposity is associated with earlier puberty onset in girls, but such an association among boys is controversial.

Objective

To estimate the association of prepubertal adiposity status, trajectories, and the earlier puberty onset based on a cohort study.

Methods

A total of 1322 children were included in 2017 (mean age of 8.1 ± 0.6 years for girls and 9.1 ± 0.6 years for boys) and were followed every 6 months until October 2020. Anthropometric profiles, including BMI, WC, and body composition indicators, were used to determine adiposity status. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify trajectory groups of anthropometric profiles. Testicular volume for boys and breast stage for girls were clinically assessed. Pubertal development was assessed through clinical inspection and palpation by using The Tanner rating map and Prader orchidometer. Covariate information was obtained through questionnaires.

Results

Childhood adiposity was associated with increased risk of earlier puberty onset. Body composition was more sensitive to earlier puberty onset than BMI and WC. Boys and girls with high-level body fat percentage had increased risk of earlier puberty onset compared with those with low-level body fat percentage. However, boys and girls with high-level FFM (fat-free mass)/FM (fat mass) had a decreased risk of earlier puberty onset compared with those with low-level FFM/FM. High-level trajectories of rapid increase in anthropometric profiles, in addition to FFM/FM, were also significantly associated with higher risk of earlier puberty onset.

Conclusion

Prepubertal adiposity and distinct trajectories were associated with earlier puberty onset. It is important to maintain healthy adiposity status to prevent earlier puberty onset in children.
Assessment of the level of quality of nursing care in an infectious diseases ward
Authors: Sierpińska Lidia , Domagała Monika
Published: July 2022

Introduction. An important aspect of the market-based health care system is the provision of a high level of medical services, including the quality of nursing care. In order to provide high quality patient care the subjective and objective methods were applied, as well as assessment tools.  
Objective. The aim of the study was an objective assessment of the quality of nursing care provided to patients in the infectious diseases ward.  
Materials and Method. The study was conducted in 2017, and included 105 patients treated in the infectious diseases ward at the Independent Public Teaching Hospital No. 1 in Lublin, Poland. The research method was a diagnostic survey; the techniques: a questionnaire and participant observation; the tool: a standard BOHIPSZO questionnaire according to H. Lenartowicz.
Results. A very high coefficient of the quality of nursing care in the infectious diseases ward  concerned therapeutic-nursing procedures (99%), and hotel services including satisfaction of existential needs and objectification of a patient (97% each), followed by protection of patients against infection (96%), patient safety (94%), and preparation of patients to self-care before discharge home (92%). A high coefficient of provided care concerned the standard of organization and documentation of nursing care (80%). The provision of information for patients in the infectious diseases ward was assessed by patients in the lowest terms – the care  coefficient was 71%. The global coefficient of the quality of nursing care in the infectious diseases ward was on the level of 90.75% of the desired status. The deficit of care (9.25%) was insignificant; p>0.05.
Conclusions. The results of the study confirmed that a global coefficient of the quality of nursing care in the infectious diseases ward was on a very high level. Care deficit was insignificant. The improvement of the quality of care in the infectious diseases ward should concern mainly the standard of provision of information to patients, and the organization and documentation of nursing care.
Effect of physical activity on peak expiratory flow and the 6-minute walk test
Authors: Jakubowska Klaudia , Pawelec-Winiarz Magdalena , Włosiński Michał , Cichosz Michał
Published: July 2022

The study conducted research aimed at assessing the influence of physical activity on peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the 6-minute walk test (6MTW). The research was carried out at the Department of Systemic Rehabilitation - Post Covid at the Pj-Med Rehabilitation Hospital in Popielówek from June 2021 to April 2022.

            The inclusion criteria for the studies was a positive PCR test performed up to one year after the end of treatment. Exclusion criteria - active inflammation (CRP <5 or increasing CRP level), acute pulmonary embolism, heart failure with impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF <35%) without cardioverter-defibrillator protection, unstable disease outside the circulatory system, unstable coronary artery disease, uncontrolled arrhythmias.

            The entire rehabilitation program lasted 6 weeks. The beginning of rehabilitation services was on average 4 months after the positive PCR result (min. 1 month and max. 11 months).

            A statistically significant difference was observed in the PEF parameter and in the 6MTW test before and after rehabilitation.
The role of local government units in increasing access to therapeutic rehabilitation services for patients with musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Sobczyk Karolina , Grajek Mateusz , Woźniak-Holecka Joanna
Published: July 2022

Chronic diseases of the osteoarticular and muscular system belong to a group of health problems that lead to a limitation of the organism's efficiency, making it difficult or impossible for individuals to function normally. Of the forms of treatment used for chronic diseases of the osteoarticular system, rehabilitation is by far the most common. These activities are mainly financed by the National Health Fund, as well as by social insurance. A complementary role is played by local governments that finance medical rehabilitation for their residents in the form of health policy programmes, implemented as public health tasks. An important argument in favour of rehabilitation at the self-governmental level is the long waiting time for medical rehabilitation services financed by the National Health Fund.

          The aim of the paper was to show the role of local government in increasing access to therapeutic rehabilitation services for patients with musculoskeletal diseases. The paper discusses such issues as the importance of musculoskeletal diseases for the efficiency of individuals, organization and financing of guaranteed services in curative rehabilitation, as well as increasing access to these services at the local government level.
Assessment of neck disability index in people with bruxism
Authors: Gębska Magdalena , Trukawka Kinga , Weber-Nowakowska Katarzyna , Mikołajczyk-Kocięcka Anna , Żyżniewska-Banaszak Ewelina
Published: July 2022

Aim: Assessment of neck disability index in people with bruxism.

Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a group of 40 subjects of both sexes, in the age range of 18 to 38 years old, with diagnosed bruxism according to Panek (B2, B3). The control group consisted of the same number of subjects in the same age range without bruxism. The research tool was the standardized neck spine disability index (NDI). The scale consists of an examination date and a follow-up after time and 10 questions related to: pain intensity, daily activities, lifting, reading, headaches, concentration, working, driving, sleeping and recreation.

Results: Individuals with bruxism are more likely to have higher rates of neck disability index. The analyses conducted showed that individuals diagnosed with bruxism achieved higher levels of pain for almost all factors on the NDI scale. The study found that significantly higher difficulty and pain intensity was present for almost all aspects among those aged 25-31 years, those with a university education, and those who were employed.

Conclusion: The biomechanical connections between the stomatognathic system and the cervical spine indicate the need for functional assessment of the cervical spine in individuals with bruxism.
Physical activity promotion at the local government level among the local community
Authors: Sobczyk Karolina , Grajek Mateusz , Rozmiarek Mateusz , Sas-Nowosielski Krzysztof
Published: July 2022

Physical inactivity is a major public health issue. For the prevention and management of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes, and a number of malignancies, regular physical activity is a critical protective factor. Along with helping to maintain a healthy weight and overall wellbeing, physical activity has positive effects on mental health, including the avoidance of cognitive decline and the symptoms of despair and anxiety. Local governments all across the world have responded to this problem by launching population-level projects that give locals access to exercise opportunities. Local governments, through the implementation of their own tasks of health promotion and protection, carry out public health tasks as defined by the Law of 11 September 2015 on Public Health. These tasks include activities in the area of physical activity.

          The aim of the article was to show the role of local government in promoting physical activity among the local community. The article discusses such issues as WHO recommendations for physical activity as well as activities undertaken by local governments in the area of health promotion in the form of health policy programs and activities carried out in cooperation with NGOs.
Design and Study of the Psychometric Properties of a Professors’ Expectations of Virtual University Education Questionary
Authors: Lobos Karla , Cobo-Rendón Rubia , Bustos Claudio , Bruna Carola , Hidalgo Nelson Arias
Published: July 2022

This work describes the design and validation of a questionnaire to assess the expectations of higher education professors regarding virtual education (CEDVES). The sample included 546 professors, 299 men (54.66%) and 247 women (45.23%), from different scientific disciplines of a university in Chile. The final version consisted of 38 items answered using a five-point Likert scale. Nine factors were identified from the exploratory factor analysis. This configuration accounts for 75% of the variance. The structure of the instrument was studied using confirmatory factor analysis. It was found that nine factors produced a good fit, derived from a hierarchical solution in which all these factors depend on a factor of second general order. Each of the scales, like the general factor, present good indicators of reliability. The analysis indicates that this questionnaire has adequate validation and could be broadly used in higher education.
A Review on Metal- Organic Frameworks (MOFS), Synthesis, Activation, Characterisation, and Application
Authors: Bull Okpara Sergeant , Bull Ibiso , Amadi Gloria Kelechi , Obaalologhi Odu Chikwem , Okpa Eyu Okpa
Published: July 2022

A myriad of MOFs reported in the literature are made up of transition metal ions (nodes), single or in clusters, braced by organic supports or ligands. But there are other MOFs in which the central metal are non-transition elements. MOFs are prepared by the combination of inorganic and organic building units to give materials with high porosity, and other unique properties. Due to MOFs unique structural topographies, they find applications in diverse areas such as gas adsorption, gas purification and separation, catalysis, and in drug delivery. In this review article, the design and methods for MOFs synthesis, MOFs- activation, characterization, as well as organic linkers used for the making of MOFs are discussed. Furthermore the shortage of MOFs research based on silicon-containing aryl building units as well as boron-containing building units in comparison to carbon-containing building units are highlighted. We hope that this review will help researchers, industrialists and academics.
Synthesis, Characterization, Optical, DFT, TD DFT Studies and in Silico ADME Predictions of Thiosemicarbazone Ligand and its Au(III) Complex
Authors: Yousef T. A. , M. Khairy M. Khairy
Published: July 2022

In the present work the reaction of hydrazone ligand with AuCl3 was investigated. The ligand that could be obtained by the condensation of Thiosemicarbazide with p-diaminobenzaldehyde belong to the class of mononegative or binegative bidentate ligands. The structure of the prepared samples has been defined by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analyzes, 1H-13C NMR, SEM, and Powder XRD techniques. The ligand is present in both solid and liquid states in the thione form. The ligand is binding to Au via azomethine nitrogen and thione sulfur atoms. Powder XRD pattern of ligand and [AuHLCl2]Cl complex show several diffraction peaks with high intensity indicating the crystalline nature of them. The observation of new diffraction peaks at different positions indicates the successful formation of the complex. The synthesized ligand and complex have crystallites sizes of 103 and 46 nm, respectively indicating the nanostructure of them. The ligand and it complex shows different particles shapes of plates, sheets, and spheres. Optimizations of the geometries of the formed complex with gold and the ligand were carried out by using DFT in a gaseous state. The excited states of various multiplicities were examined by the TD-DFT.
Sulfur-center Reactivity toward Oxygenation Mediated by Ruthenium: Effective Bioactive Compounds (A Review)
Authors: Das Ujjwal
Published: July 2022

Transition metal mediated thiolato compounds are highly vulnerable for S-centered oxidation due to its high nucleophilicity and which is immensely important in the point of its bio-activity. It is generally noticeable that a range of chemical changes occurred with molecular O2 and ruthenium thiolato metalloligands in varying conditions. These oxygenations are facile under strictly oxygen environment and produce mono and di sulfenato and/or sulfinato depending on the substrate thiolato. The numerous heteroatomic substituents of thiolato-S ligand have performed a vital task during the course of oxygenation producing oxygenated products as sulfenates, sulfinates and sulfones. There appear to be numerous mechanisms that are involved in the oxygenation process are considerably more complex. Some bizarre photo-induced S-center oxygenation of metal-thiolato to the sulfonated compound is also mentioned. The ruthenium sulfur compounds jointly with the S-oxygenates show remarkable bioactivity as well as enzymatic catalytic activity and interaction with the bio-molecules like DNA that opens a new theme for the researcher for design novel Ru-sulfur-oxygenates compounds as metallodrugs.
Effect of Aluminium, Magnesium Doping on Magnetic Nature of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Studied by X-ray Diffraction Method
Authors: S. Sulochana S. Sulochana , K. Soundaravalli K. Soundaravalli , Selvan R. Shanmuga
Published: July 2022

Zinc Oxide nanoparticles were prepared by an ultra-sonicated method. It’s characterized with XRD, SEM, and FTIR. X-ray diffraction is utilized to find exact grain size, arrangement of the crystal in the materials and used to prove doping exists. (242), (151) the hkl value proves doping exists in the prepared material. After doping the metal shows the hexagonal structure and size below 100 nm. FTIR finds functional group that shows metal functional group of the nanoparticles. The current study explains the magnetic nature of ZnO by using magnetic (1) symmetry which is identified by XRD and crystal impact Match-2 and Diamond-3 software.
Kinetics and Thermal Decomposition Studies of Oxomemazine by Isoconversional Protocols
Authors: Asran Aml M. , M. Ahmed Ahmed A. , Mohamed Mona A. Mohamed
Published: July 2022

Thermogravimetry was used to investigate the thermal decomposition of oxomemazine. Oxomemazine has three distinct degradation processes during non-isothermal decomposition. The Arrhenius equation, Coats-Redfern (CR), Horowitz-Metzger (HM), and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (F-W-O) equations were used in this research to perform kinetic analysis of the first decomposition stage. Oxomemazine thermal stability is very important when it comes to how it can be stored, quality control, and how long it can be used. Using thermal analysis, scientists have been able to learn more about how drug compounds are stable at different temperatures, as well as how fast they break down. Kinetic studies have emerged as a critical component of thermal analysis, with the primary goal of determining the kinetic model of thermal breakdown and calculating the Arrhenius equation parameters. The activation energy of the Arrhenius and Berthelot–Hood temperature functions was determined. The effect of different heating rates (5- 20 oC/min) on thermogravimetric analysis (TG), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) is demonstrated.
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO@SiO2 Nanocomposite using Gum Arabic and its Larvicidal Activity on Malaria Vectors
Authors: Shehu Zaccheus , Abba Ezra , Abubakar Zainab Adamu , Dogara Rifkatu Kambel , Ayuk Nsor Charles
Published: July 2022

Green synthesis of ZnO@SiO2 nanocomposite was performed using Gum Arabic. The green synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR), The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible spectrophotometer, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The toxicity study was conducted for 24 hours on 1st to 4th larval instars of malaria vectors at various concentrations (10, 20 and 25 mg/L). The LC50 and LC90 for the 1st - 4th larval instars were found to be in the range of 9.11 - 18.288 mg/L and 157.254 - 126.132 mg/L respectively. A strong positive correlation between concentrations of the nanocomposite and mortality of larval instars (0.945 - 0.997). These values indicate that the mortality rates increased with an increase in concentrations. ZnO@SiO2 nanocomposite is a potential nano-larvicide for malaria vector control in tropical countries with high malaria incidence.
Zinc Nanomaterials: A Double-Edged Sword in Detection and Prevention against SARS-CoV-2 Spread (A Review)
Authors: Mamta Mamta , Subhash Subhash , Chaudhary Ashu
Published: July 2022

The rise of ongoing Covid SARS-CoV-2 drove pandemic disease has created the perpetual interest for the assessment and improvement of reasonable progressed materials for controlling this and future unexpected viral diseases. One of the fundamental worries about this pandemic situation is the analysis and identification of infected patients. In this regard, the utilization of zinc-based nanomaterials to identify the vital biological markers of the SARS-CoV-2 remains a prevalent bother, whereas the advancement of particular and delicate devices is the essential objective. To obstruct virus proliferation, the expanding interest for self-disinfected covering requires elective materials to satisfy this problem. In this unique situation, zinc nanomaterials have given a fundamental commitment to the administration of Covid-19. Zinc nanomaterials have displayed huge antiviral action against a few infections like flu and Covids. This review delineates the importance of nanotechnology mediation in settling this tough condition.
An Approach to Leading Antioxidant Activity of Different Plants and Food Material: A Review
Authors: Soni Kusum Soni , Loonker Sangeeta
Published: July 2022

Antioxidants are molecules that battle against free radicals in the body. Free radicals are compounds that can damage the body if it gets too strong. They are associated with many illnesses such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer etc. The body has its defense system against antioxidants to regulate free radicals. Antioxidants are also found in foods, particularly fruits, vegetables, and other substances based on herbs. Vitamins E and C are very important antioxidants. Plants have recently become a significant source of a surprising number of antioxidants that avoid the oxidative stress of free radicals. Natural chemicals, particularly those from medicinal plants, give many beneficial antioxidants. Antioxidant preservatives also play the main role in rising shelf life in food processing. Alcohol, green tea, cocoa, and dark chocolate are popular as strong antioxidant sources. Antioxidants can increase the self-life of both natural and processed foods. As a result, they're commonly employed as food additives. In these cases, the activity has been increased by the increasing use of three different methods.This review aims to determine the antioxidant activity of historically beneficial and modern medicinal plants.
In Silico Characterization, Identification, and Molecular-level Analysis of Holotricin-3: A Dynamic Study
Authors: Daman Ripu , Sharma Sameer
Published: July 2022

Candida albicans, a prominent fungal infection, induces a wide range of illnesses, ranging from moderate mucosal irritation to fatal systemic problems. The yeast-to-hypha transformation is greatly studied in the C. albicans pathogenicity. It is, nevertheless, an unscrupulous disease that can induce lethal bloodstream infections. Fungi have major applications in industrial, medical and agricultural fields. They are utilized in the synthesis of peptides, micronutrients, metabolites, phenolics and other organic compounds. The current study has incorporated the implementation of bioinformatics techniques to analyse the molecular level binding of Holotricin-3 against the anti-fungal proteins. The findings of the study revealed that Holotricin-3 had highest binding with BgI2p and the findings were further validated by molecular dynamic studies. These observations can be used to implement in-vitro experiments.
Metal Complexes of Phenyl Glycine-O-Carboxylic Acid: Preparation, Characterization, Electrochemical and Biological Properties
Authors: Prema. S Prema. S , Rose. A Leema
Published: July 2022

Metal complexes are the effective therapeutic compound and it became more emerging field in the drug discovery and delivery. A novel ligand phenyl-glycine -o- carboxylic acid was synthesized and further complexed with the metal (II) chlorides. The synthesized metal complexes was interpreted by FT-IR spectroscopy, Ultra Violet- visible, 1H-NMR, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility and thermogravimetric study. The electrochemical properties of the ligand and its complexes were inquired in DMF. Antibacterial and fungal activities of the phenyl-glycine -o- carboxylic acid (ligand) and metal complexes were analyzed by three fungal and four bacteria pathogens. The ligand has no activity against Aspergillus terreus, but nickel, copper and cobalt chloride complexes showed good activity against Aspergillus terreus. On anti-bacterial activity compare to ligands and other metal (II) complexes the cobalt (II) complex revealed greater inhibition effect on selected bacteria.
Synthesis, Antioxidant, Antinociceptive Activity of Novel Phenoxy acetyl carboxamides
Authors: Manjusha R. K. , M. Reddemma M. Reddemma , Begum Shaheen , Begum Sk Arifa , Shareef Mohammad Zubair , K.Bharathi K.Bharathi
Published: July 2022

A series of novel phenoxy acetyl carboxamides (4a-4g) were synthesized by amidation using phenoxy acetyl hydrazide and various acid chlorides (benzoyl, adamantly carbonyl cinnamoyl, 4-chloro benzoyl chlorides) or bases (piperidine, morpholine & substituted piperidinone) and evaluated for antioxidant and antinociceptive activities. The title compounds were purified by recrystallization using ethanol and characterized by spectral (FTIR, 1H NMR, and Mass) analysis. Compound 4a was effective in scavenging the DPPH radicals (57%) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals (52%) while compound 4e was able to significantly neutralize ABTS cation radicals (58%). However, the radical scavenging ability was lesser compared to the standard antioxidant agents. Among the tested compounds, 4f and 4g elicited good antinociceptive activity in the central and peripheral animal models (25 mg/kg body weight). Compounds 4b and 4f seem to open ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels), a possible mechanism for their peripheral effects. The carboxamides bind well with the monoglyceride lipase enzyme (MAGL) and established strong interactions at the active site.
Synthesis of New Knoevenagel Derivative using Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticals
Authors: S. Girase Pravinsingh , V. Nagarale Deepak , J. Khairnar Bhikan , R. Chaudhari Bhata
Published: July 2022

Heterogeneous catalysts mediated reaction system should compensate some of drawbacks observed in previously reported reactions. We have obtained magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were using a reduction–precipitation method and characterized for nano particle verification. This method is very easy and extremely efficient for the Knoevenagel reaction. We have use aromatic aldehydes with various active methylene containing compounds. It give Knoevenagel products in good to excellent yields at refluxed temperature and work with elevated temperature condition.
Antimicrobial Effect of Azadirachta indica, gum Stabilized Cobalt Doped ZnO Nanoparticles
Authors: A. Geetha A. Geetha , A. Anandh B , R. Sakthivel R. Sakthivel
Published: July 2022

The wet chemical approach was used to synthesize the AI gum stabilized ZnO nanoparticles doped with Cobalt. The structural, morphological, antibacterial, and antifungal activity of AI stabilized at various cobalt concentrations were investigated. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern shows hexagonal form oriented on the c-axis. The presence of a spherical-shaped object has been confirmed using a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Zinc, cobalt and oxygen atom’s presence is confirmed by Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDAX). Antibacterial activity on S.aureus reveals the maximum inhibition zone compared with the antibacterial activity of E. coli. Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus reveals the maximum inhibitory zone in contrast to Candida Albicans.
Formulation and Evaluation of Synergistic effect of Garlic Oil and D-Limonene Nanoemulsion for its Anti-fungal Properties Against Tomato Leaf Spot Disease.
Authors: Dabodhia Kawar Lal , Lamba Narendra Pal , Manchanda Seema , Chauhan Manmohan Singh
Published: July 2022

Garlic oils have promising possibilities for a wide range of applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Their widespread utilization is limited as they are lipophilic and highly volatile. Furthermore, they also possess strong odor and low physicochemical stability. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the characteristics of garlic oil nano-emulsion through investigating its antifungal activity. The optimized nanoemulsion of D-Limonene and Garlic oil using 75% water and 20% emulsifiers having particle size range of 10 to 12 nm showed significant better antifungal activity against Tomato leaf spot disease without loss of antioxidant potential in comparison to garlic oil and D-Limonene as individual nanoemulsion. We have formulated Garlic oil, D-Limonene and Synergistic combination of both based nanoemulsion with antipest and antifungal properties. It is stabilized and particle size characterized by using Malvern Zeta sizer has been tested using and found the size in the range of 10.0 to 25.0 nm. It was further evaluated in field for its antifungal activity.