bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kodyfikacja prawa łowieckiego w zaborze austriackim i jego recepcja w ustawodawstwie II Rzeczypospolitej
Authors: Wojtacki Maciej
Published: February 2023

Celem artykułu było przedstawienie w ujęciu historycznym, kodyfikacji prawa łowieckiego w zaborze austriackim na przełomie XIX i XX w. i wpływu jego poszczególnych rozwiązań na kształtowanie się stosunków myśliwskich w niepodległym państwie polskim po 1918 r. Początki tego procesu miały miejsce w połowie XIX w., kiedy to w ramach przeprowadzonych w państwach zaborczych (Cesarstwo Austrowęgierskie i Cesarstwie niemieckim) kodyfikacji praw podjęto prace nad uporządkowaniem zagadnień łowieckich. W celu zaprezentowania przebiegu prac nad kolejnymi etapami kodyfikacji prawa łowieckiego w zaborze austriackim na przełomie XIX i XX w., przebadano źródła wytworzone przez kancelarię Sejmu Krajowego Królestwa Galicji i Lodomerii do którego kompetencji przynależały kwestie kultury krajowej, w tym myślistwa. Były to: Sprawozdania Stenograficzne z posiedzeń izby z lat 1883–1910 oraz zawierające szczegółowe teksty i analizy poszczególnych projektów ustaw Allegaty ze wskazanego okresu. Uzupełnienie stanowił „Dziennik Ustaw i Rozporządzeń Krajowych dla Królestwa Galicji i Lodomerii wraz z Wielkim Księstwem Krakowskiem” zawierający teksty ustaw. W oparciu o powyższy materiał źródłowy przeprowadzono szczegółową analizę przyjętych rozwiązań, szczególnie w obszarze struktury okręgów łowieckich oraz odpowiedzialności za szkody wyrządzone przez zwierzynę łowną na terenach prywatnych. W oparciu o wyniki przeglądu galicyjskiego prawa łowieckiego posługując się metodą komparatystyczną i komentarzami do kolejnych kodyfikacji dokonano porównania rozwiązań wypracowanych w galicyjskiej ustawie łowieckiej z 1910 r. z zasadami organizacji łowiectwa przyjętymi w II Rzeczypospolitej (1918–1939) w ramach Dekretu Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z 3 grudnia 1927 r. Pozwoliło to na wskazanie obszarów, w których nastąpiła implementacja wcześniejszych przepisów, m.in. w zakresie organizacji polowania i okręgów łowieckich. Wskazano również zasadnicze różnice, które wynikały z odmiennie definiowanego zjawiska polowania, w ramach porównywanych aktów normatywnych.
Odpowiedzialność karna Prezesa Najwyższej Izby Kontroli według najnowszych uregulowań prawnych
Authors: Cichosz Paweł
Published: February 2023

W artykule przedstawiono zasady ponoszenia odpowiedzialności za czyny zabronione przez Prezesa Najwyższej Izby Kontroli. Tematyka ta jest w ostatnim czasie szczególnie aktualna z uwagi na uchwalone niedawno przepisy zmieniające procedurę uchylenia immunitetu Prezesowi NIK. Nowe regulacje – chociaż nie znalazły jeszcze zastosowania w praktyce – rodzą liczne wątpliwości dotyczące ich konstrukcji prawnej. Autor podejmuje próbę wyjaśnienia niektórych wątpliwości oraz przedstawienia wniosków de lege ferenda, które miałyby zagwarantować prawo do obrony Prezesowi NIK przy jednoczesnej sprawności reakcji karnej.
Barriers to Using Legally Authorized Representatives in Clinical Research with Older Adults
Authors: Mozersky Jessica , Solomon Erin D. , Baldwin Kari , Wroblewski Matthew , Parsons Meredith , Goodman Melody , DuBois James M.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Older adults are at increased risk of cognitive impairments including Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Legally authorized representatives (LARs) can provide informed consent when a participant is no longer able to, but little is known about barriers to incorporating them in research.

Objective:

Explore reasons for not asking and documenting participant decisions to appoint LARs among researchers conducting clinical intervention trials studying older adults or individuals with cognitive impairments.

Methods:

Mixed method design consisting of a survey ( N = 1,284) and qualitative interviews ( N = 40) regarding barriers to incorporating LARs. Participants were principal investigators and clinical research coordinators.

Results:

37% ( N = 469) had not asked and documented participant decisions about appointing LARs in the prior year. They had significantly lower confidence in resources available to incorporate LARs and lower positive attitudes compared to their counterparts who had done so. The majority (83%) had no trials studying individuals with cognitive impairments and reported LARs were not applicable. A minority (17%) had at least one trial studying individuals with cognitive impairments and reported being unaware of LARs. Qualitative findings indicate discomfort broaching a sensitive topic especially with individuals who are not yet impaired.

Conclusion:

Resources and education to increase awareness and knowledge of LARs are needed. Researchers studying older adults should, at minimum, have the knowledge and resources to incorporate LARs when necessary. Stigma and discomfort discussing LARs will need to be overcome, as early proactive discussions before a participant loses decisional capacity could enhance participant autonomy and facilitate recruitment and retention of older adults to research.
Computational methods for predicting human behaviour in smart environments
Authors: Dunne Rob , Matthews Oludamilare , Vega Julio , Harper Simon , Morris Tim
Published: February 2023

This systematic literature review presents the computational methods of human behaviour prediction research from Pentland and Liu’s seminal 1999 paper on human behaviour prediction to the latest research to date. The PRISMA framework for systematic reviews was used as the review methodology to structure this information aggregation. This review provides a high-level summary of the field with key areas identified for new research. The results show that there are frequently used datasets for training predictive models: MavHome, MavLab, LIARA, CASAS, PlaceLab, and REDD. Accuracies in the range of 43.9% to 100% for predictions of varying complexity. Common data structures for modelling behavioural data: Vectors, tables, trees, Markov models, and graphs. Algorithms that fall into three distinct categories: Machine Learning (NN, RL, LSTM), Probabilistic Graphical Models (namely Bayesian and Markov variants), and Statistical and Trend Analysis (ARIMA, Prophet). Additionally, we document other notably useful algorithms that fall outside of these three main categories including Jaro-Winkler and Levenshtein distances. Opportunities identified for further research include the use of audio as the data source for behaviour prediction methods, and applying times-series prediction machine learning algorithms (RNN, LSTM) to the smart home problem space.
Production functions of NCAA men and women water polo matches
Authors: Gullikson Joey , Gale Lewis. R. , Mayberry John. K. , Kim John , Killick Lara
Published: February 2023

Previous research has adapted the use of economic production functions to estimate the scoring production of teams in professional sports. Most of these studies have focused on professional male team sports, most notably, US baseball, basketball, and association football. This study adds to the literature by utilizing a new and distinctive data set of shooting statistics from 88 men’s and 38 women’s NCAA water polo contests to estimate production functions for United States’ collegiate water polo games and identify the most important variables for predicting margin of victory in such competitions. The results show that shots on goal, average shot distance, number of counterattacks, quick shots, and efficiency in power play conversions are all significant predictors of goal differentials in men’s contests while shots on goal, average shot distance, counterattacks, and center shots are significant predictors in women’s matches. Previous season win percentage, rebounds, exclusions, and missed shots were not significant predictors in the models. These conclusions confirm and extend previous discriminatory studies of elite international water polo contests.
Detecting and quantifying spatial misalignment between longitudinal kilovoltage computed tomography (kVCT) scans of the head and neck by using convolutional neural networks (CNNs)
Authors: Lallement Alex , Noblet Vincent , Antoni Delphine , Meyer Philippe
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) aims to address anatomical modifications appearing during the treatment of patients by modifying the planning treatment according to the daily positioning image. Clinical implementation of ART relies on the quality of the deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms included in the ART workflow. To translate ART into clinical practice, automatic DIR assessment is needed. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to estimate spatial misalignment between two head and neck kilovoltage computed tomography (kVCT) images by using two convolutional neural networks (CNNs). METHODS: The first CNN quantifies misalignments between 0 mm and 15 mm and the second CNN detects and classifies misalignments into two classes (poor alignment and good alignment). Both networks take pairs of patches of 33x33x33 mm3 as inputs and use only the image intensity information. The training dataset was built by deforming kVCT images with basis splines (B-splines) to simulate DIR error maps. The test dataset was built using 2500 landmarks, consisting of hard and soft landmark tissues annotated by 6 clinicians at 10 locations. RESULTS: The quantification CNN reaches a mean error of 1.26 mm (± 1.75 mm) on the landmark set which, depending on the location, has annotation errors between 1 mm and 2 mm. The errors obtained for the quantification network fit the computed interoperator error. The classification network achieves an overall accuracy of 79.32%, and although the classification network overdetects poor alignments, it performs well (i.e., it achieves a rate of 90.4%) in detecting poor alignments when given one. CONCLUSION: The performances of the networks indicate the feasibility of using CNNs for an agnostic and generic approach to misalignment quantification and detection.
Auricular bean embedding improves urination in epidural labor analgesia: A single center randomized controlled study
Authors: Jiang Sheng Li , Jiang Xiu Min , Zheng Qing Xiang , Liu Xiu Wu
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Acupoint buried beans on the auricle is a feasible method to prevent and treat postpartum urinary retention. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of auricular acupoint buried beans on postpartum urination and maternal and fetal outcomes following epidural analgesia for labor. METHODS: Two hundred forty primiparas underwent vaginal trial labor analgesia from May 2020 to January 2021 and were randomly placed into the intervention and control groups. Both groups received epidural labor analgesia. Maternal urination during labor, 2 h postpartum, and the time for first postpartum urination were recorded as primary outcomes, with maternal and infant outcomes documented as secondary results. Statistical analysis was performed using the independent sample t-test, non-parametric rank-sum, or chi-square test using the SPSS Statistics 25.0 software. RESULTS: Two hundred eight study participants were subsequently included in the results, i.e., 105 patients in the intervention group and 103 in the control group. The intervention group comprised a significantly lower number of patients with excessive residual urine volume at cervical dilatation of 5–6 cm (P< 0.05). The total postpartum score of the intervention group was lower than in the control group (P< 0.01), and the time to first urination was shorter compared with the control group (P< 0.05). In the intervention group, the time of labor analgesia, the duration of the first stage of labor, and the total labor time were shorter compared with the control group (P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: Auricular acupoint embedded beans can improve the urination status at cervical dilatation of 5–6 cm and 2 h postpartum, as well as significantly shorten the duration of labor.
A scoping review of refugees’ employment integration experience and outcomes in Canada
Authors: Senthanar Sonja , Dali Nada , Khan Tauhid Hossain
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND: Refugees involuntarily arrive to Canada to escape unfavourable conditions in their home country. Employment is an important marker of integration and a foundational determinant of health yet; little is known about the employment integration experiences of refugees as a distinct group of workers in Canada. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review was completed to explore the employment experience and outcomes of refugees in Canada and to identify gaps in the literature. METHODS: Three databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles published in English over a 25-year period, 1993 to 2018, for research on refugees and employment in the Canadian context. The research team reviewed all articles, including abstract screening, full text review and data extraction; consensus on inclusion was reached for all articles. Relevant articles were synthesized for overarching themes. RESULTS: The search strategy identified 2,723 unique articles of which 16 were included in the final sample. There was a mix of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies which reported on employment rates of refugees, the quality of jobs secured, gendered differences in employment experience and differential impacts of under/unemployment on health and well-being. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that refugees in Canada do not secure jobs that are in line with their previous skills and experience leading to downward occupational mobility and poorer health with refugee women experiencing these outcomes more acutely. Research in this area with long-term outcomes and contextualized experiences is needed, as well as studies that include equity considerations such as racialization and gender.
CITRA PERJUANGAN PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL SING ME TO SLEEP (ANALISIS FEMINISME)
Authors: Noviarini Tiara
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the kinds of women's struggles to get their love in the novel Sing Me to Sleep. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods and a theory focused on the character of Virginia Woolf. The author uses note-taking as a research instrument. The author found that there are three kinds of women's struggles. Namely, first the struggle to accept the reality of life, the second the struggle to achieve dreams, and finally the struggle in the form of love, and the struggle to get love
Indikator dan Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Pernikahan Anak di bawah Umur serta Pengaruhnya dalam Kehidupan Berumah Tangga
Authors: Saputera Abdurrahman Adi , Panigoro Mohamad Rifian , Eka Eka , Muchtar Umar Jaya
Published: February 2023

Abstrak

Secara umum peneitian ini berfokus pada persoalan perkawinan anak di bawah umur, dengan spesifikasi objek pembahasan: 1) Tinjauan Hukum Islamnya, 2) Indikatornya, serta 3) Pengaruhnya dalam kehidupan berumah tangga, Penelitian ini dilakukan di Sumalata Timur, dengan jenis penelitian kualitatif, dan metode pengumpulan data 1) Wawancara, 2) Observasi, 3) Dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis adalah analisis data induktif . Hasil Penelitian menyatakan bahwa dalam kacamata hukum islam, kebolehan dan tidaknya pernikahan anak dibawah umur tergantung dari pertimbangan maslahat, mafsadat, dan dharurah. Indikatornya adalah : 1) Rendahnya kualitas perekonomian keluarga si Anak, 2) Minimnya kesadaran Orang Tua dan Anak terhadap pentingnya pendidikan, 3) Kekhawatiran Orang Tua yang berlebihan terhadap masa depan si Anak, 4) Pengaruh lingkungan masyarakat tempat si Anak dan Keluarganya tinggal, 5) Tradisi dan Budaya perjodohan yang masih sangat kental seolah-olah mengikat. Sedangkan pengaruh pernikahan anak di bawah umur dalam kehidupan berumah tangganya di Kecamatan Sumalata Timur: 1) Terhadap kehidupan rumah tangga pasangan Muda Mudi itu sendiri sangat rentan dengan percekcokan dan perceraian, 2) Anak-anak dari kedua pasangan akan sangat berpotensi terabaikan tidak terurus dengan baik, 3) dari tingginya potensi dinamika dan problematika kedua pasangan, bukan menyatukan namun justru dapat merenggangkan hubungan keluarga besar diantara keduanya.

Abstract

In general, this research focuses on the issue of underage marriage, with the specifications of the object of discussion: 1) Overview of Islamic Law, 2) Indicators, and 3) Its influence on married life. This research was conducted in East Sumalata, with the type of qualitative research, and data collection methods 1) Interview, 2) Observation, 3) Documentation. The analysis technique is inductive data analysis. The results of the study stated that from the point of view of Islamic law, the permissibility of marriage of minors depends on considerations of benefit, mafsadat, and dharurah. The indicators are: 1) The low quality of the economy of the child's family, 2) the lack of awareness of parents and children on the importance of education, 3) parents' excessive concern for the child's future, 4) the influence of the community environment where the child and his family live, 5 ) The tradition and culture of matchmaking which is still very strong seems to be binding. Meanwhile, the influence of underage marriage in married life in East Sumalata District: 1) The young Mudi couple's domestic life itself is very vulnerable to quarrels and divorce, 2) The children of both partners will have the potential to be neglected and not taken care of properly. , 3) from the high potential for dynamics and problems of the two partners, it does not unite but can actually stretch the extended family relationship between the two.
Planetary rock-breaking bodies and horizontal drilling
Authors: Skripka V. L. , Minyazeva L. H.
Published: February 2023

Background. The article considers one of the variants of the original planetary drilling organ, in which used multiple impacts on the mass to be destroyed. This makes it possible to improve the methods of sinking inclined and horizontal wells by significantly reducing the required feed force and reducing the energy intensity of bottom hole destruction

Aim. To investigate drilling methods and tools, which can be used to significantly reduce the radius of changes in drilling direction when creating inclined and horizontal wellbores.

Materials and methods. An analysis of patent information and its experimental verification under laboratory conditions.

Results. The main advantage of the analyzed drilling bodies is associated with their rock-breaking ability due to multiple shock pulses directed at an angle to the face surface. This allows the energy intensity of fracture and the required feed force in the axial direction to be significantly reduced, thus providing for larger wellbore diameters. A reduction in the axial length of the drilling body leads to a decrease in the radius of changes in drilling direction, thereby contributing to improved technologies of wellbore drilling, in particular, when creating horizontal wellbores.

Conclusion. Planetary rock-breaking bodies implement quasi-dynamic rock destruction by multiple shock pulses and spalling off rock pieces from an automatically formed wavy face surface. On this basis, modern technologies of drilling inclined and horizontal wellbores can be improved.
A case study examining the transformative impact of a civil discourse program at a Midwestern state university
Authors:   , Horton Leonard B., III
Published: February 2023

Adopting the first five phases of Mezirow's transformative learning theory (Mezirow, 1978; 1990; 1994; 1997; 1998; 2009; 2018) as a framework, this study examined the impact of a Midwestern university civil discourse program on participants' transformative learning. The study sample included participants who attended the Talk Together program over multiple sessions since its inception in fall 2015. The participants were surveyed or interviewed. Findings revealed survey participants at least agree or slightly agree with experiencing the first five phases of transformative learning, evidenced by responses to items connected to the transformative learning framework. Most interview participants also experienced the first five phases of transformative learning. While transformative learning was undetermined from the observation data, findings led to recommendations that impact the facilitation of the Talk Together program, which, subsequently, impact potential transformative learning for future participants.
A Quiver Invariant theoretic approach to radial isotropy and the Paulsen problem for matrix frames
Authors:   , Ismaeel Jasim Mohamed Yusuf Mahmood
Published: February 2023

In this dissertation, we view matrix frames as representations of quivers and study them within the general framework of Quiver Invariant Theory. We are particularly interested in radial isotropic and Parseval matrix frames. Using methods from Quiver Invariant Theory [CD21], we first prove a far-reaching generalization of Barthe's Theorem [Bar98] on vectors in radial isotropic position to the case of matrix frames (see Theorems 5.13(3) and 4.12). With this tool at our disposal, we generalize the Paulsen problem from frames (of vectors) to frames of matrices of arbitrary rank and size extending Hamilton-Moitra's upper bound [HM18]. Specifically, we show in Theorem 5.20 that for any given ε-nearly equal-norm Parseval frame F of n matrices with d rows there exists an equal-norm Parseval frame W of n matrices with d rows such that dist^2 (F,W) [less than or equal to] 46[epsilon]d^2. Finally, in Theorem 5.28 we address the constructive aspects of transforming a matrix frame into radial isotropic position which extend those in [Bar98, AKS20].
Stories to live by, stories to teach with: a narrative inquiry into preservice teachers' knowledge of teaching literacy from a critical literacy framework with diverse children's literature
Authors:   , King Christina U.
Published: February 2023

This narrative inquiry offers research of literacy and children's literature teaching through inquiry into stories told from the perspective of preservice teachers (PSTs). Through inquiry into PSTs' stories to live by (Connelly and Clandinin, 1999), teacher educators and educational researchers learn about PSTs' experiences with literacy and children's literature and how they work to inform their teaching decisions. The research narratives provide literacy teacher educators with space to consider why and how to (re)design courses taught to PSTs on critical literacy teaching diverse children's literature. Educational researchers learn of ways to further research into PSTs' chosen ways of teaching through study of the research narratives. This inquiry into PSTs' stories follows the research question of: How do preservice teachers' stories to live by inform their orientation towards certain literacy teaching practices of children's literature? It is framed by Connelly and Clandinin's (1999) conceptualization of stories to live by which merges PST participants' personal practical knowledge, lived experience on the professional knowledge landscape, and their identity (i.e., student teacher, future teacher) stories. Analysis of PSTs' stories was done following structural and thematic models and found that PSTs held different views of literacy involving literacy as method and as social practice; they approached teaching literacy following behaviorist, constructivist, and socio-cultural ways; and held conceptualizations of children's literature including as teaching tools, mirrors, diverse, and culturally relevant. Implications for teacher educators include the need for explicit critical literacy teaching diverse children's literature and provision of explicit classroom experiences of teaching diverse children's literature texts. Implications for educational researchers suggest the need for more individual and longitudinal studies of individual PSTs and their stories.
Global bifurcation and stability of solitary waves in two-layer water
Authors:   , Sinambela Daniel
Published: February 2023

The present work concerns two mathematical problems on wave in a stratified body of water governed by the incompressible Euler equations. In the first part, we present a large-amplitude existence theory for two-dimensional solitary waves by means of a global bifurcation theoretic approach. That is for any piece-wise smooth upstream density distribution and laminar background current, we construct a global curve of solutions. This curve bifurcates from the background current and, following along the curve, we find waves that are arbitrarily close to having horizontal stagnation points. The second part of the work tackles the problem on orbital stability of solitary waves under the presence of surface tension and constant vorticities. Using a spatial dynamics technique, we established the existence of such waves. Following that, we proved an orbital stability result. It is accomplished via a variant of Grillakis-Shatah-Strauss method.
The quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) over Mid-Missouri and comparison between ground-truth point instruments and X- and S-band radars
Authors:   , Ozdas Mervegul
Published: February 2023

The estimation of rainfall rate from radar is crucial for hydrological modelling using remote sensing devices and ground truth instruments in the field of mainly atmospheric science and agriculture to prevent the loss of lives and damages. This main purpose of this study was to test the accuracy of the quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) from X- and S- band radars, and compare QPEs with ground truth instruments, rain gauges, over central Missouri. Since there are gaps between nearest NWS radar network system in central Missouri, collecting data near the earth's surface with hightemporal resolution becomes important to fill these gaps with the MZZU X-band radar. 11 separated rain gauges were chosen in the range of the maximum unambiguity for the MZZU (X-band) radar to test the accuracy of MZZU. The rainfall estimations from MZZU were calculated from the base products, reflectivity (Zdr) and differential reflectivity (Z), and derived products, differential phase shift from the conventional method (Kdp), linear regression method (Kdp LSF), and Gaussian Mixture Method (Kdp GMM). Four different rainfall algorithms were employed for MZZU in this study. On the other hand, for the KLSX (S-band) radar, two different rainfall rate algorithms were used for QPEs. For each estimation, testing was divided into three thresholds of 10, 20, and 30 mm, called light, moderate, and heavy precipitation event, respectively. The study revealed that the best algorithm in terms of correlation was the R(Z, Zdr, Kdp) LSF method performed for each category for the MZZU and KLSX radar. Observed rainfall amounts, also, were studied to show the range effects. This evaluation resulted in that R(Z, Zdr, Kdp) LSF QPEs gave the best performance in each threshold. Since the KLSX radar is located at further range, the QPEs resulted in low correlation with the rain gauge sites.
Measuring socioeconomic and geographic deprivation to healthcare: development of a Missouri Deprivation Index
Authors:   , Thomas John M.
Published: February 2023

This study reviews the development and use of socioeconomic deprivation indices in health-related research and the variables and methods used in the construction of some of those indices. Relevant literature is summarized and the most significant methodological contributions to the topic are further described. Those methods are then closely adapted and used to create a block group level composite index of socioeconomic deprivation for the state of Missouri. In addition to the construction of the Missouri Deprivation Index (MDI), spatial analyses of access to emergency healthcare services in Missouri are performed, access scores for each block group in Missouri are generated and estimates of the population residing in those access areas are calculated. The access component is then incorporated into the deprivation index and used to explore the extent to which access may influence or be associated with measures of deprivation. This research will contribute to the literature by providing a background and a framework for the use of socioeconomic deprivation indices as potential explanatory variables in future research.
Using a vertical integration of Doppler-derived divergence to assess thunderstorm updraft/downdraft characteristics
Authors:   , Travis Evan J.
Published: February 2023

Analyses of thunderstorm updraft and downdraft characteristics, such as magnitude and size, can reveal essential information pertaining to the strength of the thunderstorm itself. Such information can aid in assessing the threats that the storm of interest poses (or does not pose). Observing short-term trends in updraft and downdraft characteristics allows for better very-short-term forecasts (nowcasts) of thunderstorm intensity. Measuring vertical motion in the atmosphere is not easily attainable without expensive instrumentation. This project aimed to obtain thunderstorm updraft/downdraft magnitude using a vertical integration of Doppler-derived radial divergence (convergence) in accordance with the mass continuity equation. Three different cases representing three convective modes, ordinary, multicell, and supercell, were examined using this technique. The technique produced vertical velocity magnitudes that may not be accurate due to sources of error. Both the multicell and supercell case showed inconsistencies with the placement of the updrafts/downdrafts with respect to conceptual models of storm structure, but size and shape showed aligned well. Nevertheless, repeated magnitudes lead to the belief that there is precision in the results opening the door to operational feasibility.
Assessing the feasibility and acceptability of a Health Action Process Approach physical activity and sedentary behavior self-guided workbook in rural adults with Type 2 diabetes
Authors:   , Howland Chelsea
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] Physical inactivity and increased amounts of time spent sedentary pose a significant health risk for adults with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM); increasing physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behavior can improve diabetes outcomes. Rural adults are disproportionately affected by T2DM and experience barriers to diabetes self- management resources creating a disparate health situation. Mobile health technology interventions can improve health outcomes and are a resource which can bridge barriers in access to diabetes self-management resources in rural populations. However, little research has been conducted in rural populations delivering a PA and sedentary behavior change intervention using mobile health technology strategies. There is a dearth of rigorously developed and evaluated mobile health technology interventions for rural adults with T2DM, making it difficult to understand the appropriateness for rural adults, mechanisms of behavior change, and validity of outcomes derived. This dissertation study evaluated the feasibility and safety, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a novel Health Action Process Approach model guided PA and sedentary behavior intervention for rural adults with T2DM. This study found that the intervention was acceptable and appropriate for rural adults. Feasibility data collected provided evidence for intervention refinement. A moderate significant effect size was detected post-intervention for increased leisure-time self-reported PA (r = .48, p = .04). Large non-significant effect sizes were observed post-intervention for reduction in sedentary time spent using a computer (r = .51, p = .11) and watching television (r = .59, p = .06). Detected effect sizes suggest the intervention impacted PA and sedentary behaviors as intended and warrant future evaluation as a fully powered study to evaluate intervention efficacy is larger, more diverse samples. With future research and the transition of evidence to a mobile health technology platform, health disparities in a vulnerable rural population with T2DM could be improved, resulting in positive health outcomes and reductions in chronic disease burden.
Letting customers win: live chat agent effectiveness in B2C sales negotiations
Authors:   , Lin Yufan (Frank)
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] Sales negotiations over Internet-enabled live chat portals are increasingly common in business-to-consumer (B2C) durable product sales, but little is known about sales agent effectiveness in this context. Drawing from theories of scarcity and information processing, this study conceptualizes three sales agent tactics: the concession tactic, the delay tactic, and the value affirmation tactic, that interact to enhance the likelihood of closing sales. Unique live chat data and archival performance data from a national home appliance retailer were employed to develop a validated corpus of textual cues to capture sales agent closing tactics and to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that the concession of an unadvertised discount is effective in increasing the likelihood of sales closing, and a delay in the discount request-response timing positively moderates this effect. By contrast, agents' tactics to affirm product values have the opposite effect of reducing the effectiveness of the unadvertised discount. A live chat lab simulation study supports the mediating mechanism of perceived discount scarcity and extends the value affirmation tactic's negative moderation effect to situations when the delay is long.
Constraining the slip rate of the Owl Lake Fault by using LiDAR data and fault scarp degradation models
Authors:   , Altuntas Gozde
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] The Owl Lake Fault is an active, 19 to 25-km-long, left-lateral strike-slip fault that divaricates NE from the Garlock Fault toward Death Valley in eastern California and transfers regional strain to the fault systems in Death Valley. As an active fault, the Owl Lake Fault is a poorly understood link between the extension of Death Valley and other active faults within Mojave Desert. In addition to the larger tectonic framework, improved understanding of the Owl Lake Fault as a seismogenic structure has direct implication for the assessment of the earthquake hazard in Eastern California. A significant limitation on the understanding of the Owl Lake Fault's role is the wide range of estimates previously reported for its slip rate. These range from 0.5 to 7.8 mm/yr, which implies the Owl Lake Fault may accommodate nearly all of the present-day slip on the Garlock Fault. The project aims to constrain the slip rate and understand kinematics of the Owl Lake Fault. For this project, I have used recent airborne LiDAR data (approximately 4.6 points/m2) to map the fault and precisely measure horizontally offset landforms along the Owl Lake Fault. Subsequent to LiDAR mapping, field work facilitated the ground-truth verification of initial mapping as well as more precise measurements of small fault offsets using kinematic GPS and low-altitude photogrammetry. The detailed, local "microtopography" permits assessing the smallest offsets (75-100 cm) which are interpreted as reflecting the last coseismic offset. Initial efforts at refining the slip rate use scarp degradation models to infer the ages of alluvial fans and stream terraces that are offset by faulting. The final step for this project involves estimating slip rate, magnitude, and recurrence interval. Neotectonic investigations allowed to constrain the slip rate of the Owl Lake Fault as 1.1 - 1.4 mm/yr. The Owl Lake Fault can produce earthquake with the magnitude M=7.2 with the 1030 -- 1430-yr recurrence interval. This study demonstrates that the Owl Lake Fault is part of the same hazard consideration as the central Garlock Fault in eastern California.
Structural style of the San Francisco Mountains, Sevier fold-thrust belt, Utah
Authors:   , Reed Nathan Gene
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] The Sevier fold-thrust belt contains thrust sheets that are overprinted by extensional faults, distorting correlations of geologic structures in the region. The Frisco thrust is exposed within the San Francisco Mountains in west-central Utah. Correlations with the better studied Canyon Range-Willard thrust to the north and the Wah Wah thrust to the south are not well established. The Canyon Range thrust to the north has a forward-breaking sequence, a minimum of 100 km of shortening, and timing is constrained to 145-100 Ma (Pujols et al., 2020). The Willard thrust farther north, has a minimum of 60 km of shortening, and timing is constrained to 125-92 Ma (Yonkee et al., 2019). By comparison, the Wah Wah thrust has a backward-breaking sequence in its footwall, a minimum of 38 km of shortening, and timing that is poorly constrained (Friedrich and Bartley, 2003). This study tests these thrust correlations by examining the geometry, kinematics, and timing of the Frisco thrust through new, detailed (1:24,000 scale) geologic mapping, balanced cross-section construction, and structural analysis techniques. Map data reveal five distinct episodes of faulting. The Frisco thrust and related contractional faults that are east vergent and west dipping. Synchronous strike-slip faults are confined to the hanging wall of the Frisco thrust. Four sets of normal faults cut the thrust: (1) north-south striking low-angle normal faults; (2) high-angle normal faults that are buried, in places, by Cenozoic conglomerates; (3) high-angle normal faults that cut the approximately 31 Ma Horn Silver Andesite; and (4) range-bounding Quaternary faults responsible for tilting of the range to its current orientation. The results suggest that the Frisco thrust correlates with the Wah Wah thrust due to its backward-breaking structural style of thrusting. Direct correlations are unclear due to lack of timing data. Complete structural and timing data are required to directly correlate the Frisco thrust.
Establishment of native plant species for livestock forage in silvopasture systems
Authors:   , Schreiber Amanda Jo Marie
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] Incorporating sustainable agriculture practices and environmental stewardship into existing forage-livestock systems is growing in popularity. This project takes a novel approach incorporating native rather than introduced forage species. Our objectives were to: determine success of establishment of native cool and warm season grasses, and native forb and legume species in two different existing silvopasture systems -- pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) x loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) hybrid and eastern American black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) -- with open pasture as a control, and determine how differences in environmental factors (Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), ambient temperature, and soil moisture) associated with each treatment affect establishment of native plant species. The experiment was a Randomized Complete Block Design replicated in 2020 and 2021. Treatment establishment (3 treatments, 3 replications each) began each fall preceding the growing season by no-till drilling the cool season grasses. All remaining forages were no-till drilled each winter prior to the growing season. Environmental (PAR, ambient temperature, soil water content), plant community composition, herbage accumulation, and forage quality data were collected for treatments during each growing season. There were significant environmental differences among treatments. Additionally, there were significant differences in forage quality and herbage accumulation among treatments for the cool season grass species. Upon completion of the study, there were no differences in stand counts between treatments for all plant functional groups.
Reduced autophagy contributes to inefficient DNA damage repair in mouse oocytes
Authors:   , Sun Fei
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] The DNA damage is a major problem that, in somatic cells, leads to mutagenesis and premature aging. However, this is not the case in fully differentiated germ cells. Why DNA damage repair (DDR) machinery is not robust in fully grown mammalian oocytes is unknown. Using mouse oocyte as a model system, we found that DDR is not functional in oocytes, leading to the development of aneuploid oocytes. Our data indicate that oocyte failure to repair damaged DNA is due to the inability of DDR protein, RAD51, to access the altered, "closed" chromatin conformation in DNA-damaged oocytes. Our data also reveal that, unlike somatic cells, oocytes fail to activate autophagy in response to DNA damage, which is the cause of altered chromatin conformation and inefficient DDR. Importantly, autophagy induction rescued DDR function and decreased aneuploidy in both DNA-damaged oocytes and oocytes from maternally aged mice which are prone to severe DNA damage. Our findings provide evidence that reduced autophagy contributes to weakened DDR in mammalian oocytes, especially in those of females with advanced reproductive age. Thus, oocyte autophagy management could provide a new aneuploidy treatment option for patients of advanced reproductive age in human assisted reproductive therapy.
The role of support in student of color well being after 2020
Authors:   , Troyka Melinda
Published: February 2023

[EMBARGOED UNTIL 8/1/2023] The socially and politically tumultuous year of 2020 has provided a unique mix of additional stressors on folks living in the United States, particularly for students of color. The current study employed qualitative methods to examine how this historic time affected undergraduate students of color at a large Predominantly White University and the extent to which they felt supported by faculty and administration on their campus. The study's findings revealed the mental toll that race-related experiences on campus take on students as well as the power of having professors who students perceive to be genuinely supportive. Ultimately, findings highlight the need for a stronger emphasis on multicultural competence in academia, and better training for faculty and administrators, so that the burden does not fall onto students of color to navigate and overcome further harm done within their educational institution.
Analysis of the microbial composition of koumiss in Central Kazakhstan
Authors:   Republican collection of microorganisms, Tynybayeva I.K. , Lee K.G. ,   Republican collection of microorganisms, Sarmurzina Z.S. ,   Republican collection of microorganisms
Published: February 2023

Koumiss is a fermented milk product made from mare's milk. The Koumiss traditional drink is widely used in Central Asia. It contains vitamins, biologically active substances, and various microorganisms. Therefore it is considered beneficial for health. The main microorganisms responsible for the fermentation of kumis are lactic acid bacteria. Some LABs are used not only as probiotics but also as biological preservatives. In our studies, we isolated bacteria of the genus lactobacilli from koumiss. The authors carried out a microscopic examination of the studied strains according to Gram, the species was also determined by sequencing. Thus, the species of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus brevis, Acetobacter tropicalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactococcus lactis, Enterococcus faecalis, Leuconostoc fallax, Staphylococcus hominis were identified using 16S rRNA.
Aerial Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation (aNDT&E)
Authors: Chen Genda , Li Liujun , Shi Zhenhua , Shang Bo
Published: February 2023

Drones are increasingly used during routine inspections of bridges to improve data consistency, work efficiency, inspector safety, and cost effectiveness. Most drones, however, are operated manually within a visual line of sight and thus unable to inspect long-span bridges that are not completely visible to operators. In this paper, aerial nondestructive evaluation (aNDE) will be envisioned for elevated structures such as bridges, buildings, dams, nuclear power plants, and tunnels. To enable aerial nondestructive testing (aNDT), a human-robot system will be created to integrate haptic sensing and dexterous manipulation into a drone or a structural crawler in augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) for beyond-visual-line-of-sight (BVLOS) inspection of bridges. Some of the technical challenges and potential solutions associated with aNDT&E will be presented. Example applications of the advanced technologies will be demonstrated in simulated bridge decks with stipulated conditions. The developed human-robot system can transform current on-site inspection to future tele-inspection, minimizing impact to traffic passing over the bridges. The automated tele-inspection can save as much as 75% in time and 95% in cost.
Causes and Effects of Uruguay’s Contribution to the United Nations’ Peace Operations
Authors: Hárs András
Published: February 2023

Latin American States have been ardent defenders of international peace and security for several decades. Preeminent among them is the state of Uruguay, which has contributed a substantial amount of military and police personnel to United Nations peace operations to a degree that cannot be explained by its territory, economic potential, military might or political power. The country was lauded for its efforts in the international community by subsequent secretaries-general of the United Nations. Illustrated by the fact that the small country has provided several force commanders and thousands of personnel, Uruguay is a virtual giant when it comes to contributions to peace operations. The study aims at finding answers to three fundamental questions. Firstly, what kind of tendencies can be observed regarding the contribution of Latin American States and how Uruguay’s actions can be compared to other states in the region. Secondly, what are the causes for such a robust presence. Last but not least, could large-scale contributions also have adverse effects in the form of misconduct and crimes committed by peacekeepers and if that is the case, how can such occurrences be remedied.
Plano de negócios para o projeto DEZTEC - distribuidora de alimentos e refeições
Authors: Silva Flávia Oliveira da , Ferreira John Edson da Silva
Published: February 2023

O trabalho em estudo teve como principal objetivo elaborar um plano de negócios, trazendo informações sobre a viabilidade da implantação de uma empresa que forneça alimentos para empresas de grande porte, atuando como um auxílio para futuros empreendedores. Encontra-se no trabalho, relato de pessoas que tiveram a iniciativa e conseguiram se consolidar no mercado. Após a parte teórica, demonstra-se o estudo de sustentabilidade do negócio, fundamentado em informações obtidas através de pesquisas com clientes, empresas concorrentes diretas e indiretas, verificando qual linha de mercado a empresa deveria seguir para se manter no mercado. Apresenta-se, ainda, o planejamento estratégico, abordando as oportunidades, ameaças, forças e fraquezas, além dos pontos essenciais para que a empresa possa estar preparada para qualquer cenário que se apresente. Incorporou-se, também, um plano de marketing, através de ações para que seja possível atender, da melhor forma possível, os clientes. Aborda-se as práticas tradicionais, como: os 4 p’s. Na área financeira, o planejamento foi elaborado para estabelecer uma margem segura a fim de que o processo se mantenha da forma mais saudável possível. Apresenta-se o investimento inicial, o fluxo de caixa e a viabilidade de créditos e formas de pagamentos. Tentou-se aproximar da realidade, com as simulações e estudos de caso dos cenários otimistas, pessimistas e realistas. Após todos os processos revisados e discutidos pelo grupo, verificou-se que é atrativa a abertura da empresa.