bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemangioma of the Rib Mimicking Chondrosarcoma: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Tsuda Yusuke , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Makise Naohiro , Zhang Liuzhe , Shinoda Yusuke , Ushiku Tetsuo , Tanaka Sakae
Published: September 2021

Cases. Case 1 was a 58-year-old man who presented with an incidentally detected, slowly growing mass in the right hypochondrium area. An imaging study showed the mass arising from the 11th rib, with ill-defined margins and cortical destruction. Differential diagnoses included chondrosarcoma and metastatic malignant tumor. Open biopsy was associated with moderate bleeding (300 mL) despite small incision. Microscopic findings showed numerous irregular, dilated, and thin-walled vessels, consistent with the diagnosis of hemangioma of bone, and en bloc excision was performed with no surgical complication. Case 2 was a 49-year-old man who presented with an incidentally detected 4th rib mass with calcification on computed tomography scan. Chondrosarcoma was suspected according to imaging features. An open biopsy was considered to have a risk of tumor seeding because the tumor was located behind the scapula. En bloc excision of the tumor without biopsy was performed. The pathological findings were consistent with hemangioma of bone. Conclusion. We reported two cases of rare hemangioma arising from the rib, which mimicked chondrosarcoma. The preoperative diagnosis was challenging, both clinically and radiologically. Because biopsy for hemangioma of the rib is associated with a bleeding risk, the en bloc excision without biopsy can be a practical treatment option.
Precision Patient Navigation to Improve Rates of Follow-up Colonoscopy, An Individual Randomized Effectiveness Trial
Authors: Coronado Gloria D. , Rawlings Andreea M. , Petrik Amanda F. , Slaughter Matthew , Johnson Eric S. , Hannon Peggy A. , Cole Allison , Vu Thuy , Mummadi Rajasekhara R.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Colorectal cancer screening by annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT) with follow-up on abnormal results is a cost-effective strategy to reduce colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Unfortunately, many patients with abnormal results do not complete a follow-up colonoscopy. We tested whether navigation targeted to patients who are unlikely to complete the procedure may improve adherence and long-term outcomes.

Methods:

Study participants were patients at a large, integrated health system (Kaiser Permanente Northwest) who were ages 50 to 75 and were due for a follow-up colonoscopy after a recent abnormal FIT result. Probability of adherence to follow-up was estimated at baseline using a predictive risk model. Patients whose probability was 70% or lower were randomized to receive patient navigation or usual care, with randomization stratified by probability category (<50%, 50% < 60%, 60% < 65%, 65% d 70%). We compared colonoscopy completion within 6 months between the navigation and usual care groups using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results:

Participants (n = 415; 200 assigned to patient navigation, 215 to usual care) had a mean age of 62 years, 54% were female, and 87% were non-Hispanic white. By 6 months, 76% of the patient navigation group had completed a colonoscopy, compared with 65% of the usual care group (HR = 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.72; log-rank P value = 0.027).

Conclusions:

In this randomized trial, patient navigation led to improvements in follow-up colonoscopy adherence.

Impact:

More research is needed to assess the value of precision-directed navigation programs.
Investigation of the Interplay between Circulating Lipids and IGF-I and Relevance to Breast Cancer Risk: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Tan Vanessa Y. , Bull Caroline J. , Biernacka Kalina M. , Teumer Alexander , Richardson Tom G. , Sanderson Eleanor , Corbin Laura J. , Dudding Tom , Qi Qibin , Kaplan Robert C. , Rotter Jerome I. , Friedrich Nele , Völker Uwe , Mayerle Julia , Perks Claire M. , Holly Jeff M.P. , Timpson Nicholas J.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Circulating lipids and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) have been reliably associated with breast cancer. Observational studies suggest an interplay between lipids and IGF-I, however, whether these relationships are causal and if pathways from these phenotypes to breast cancer overlap is unclear.

Methods:

Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to estimate the relationship between lipids or IGF-I and breast cancer risk using genetic summary statistics for lipids (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C; triglycerides, TGs), IGF-I and breast cancer from GLGC/UKBB (N = 239,119), CHARGE/UKBB (N = 252,547), and Breast Cancer Association Consortium (N = 247,173), respectively. Cross-sectional observational and MR analyses were conducted to assess the bi-directional relationship between lipids and IGF-I in SHIP (N = 3,812) and UKBB (N = 422,389), and using genetic summary statistics from GLGC (N = 188,577) and CHARGE/UKBB (N = 469,872).

Results:

In multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses, the OR for breast cancer per 1-SD increase in HDL-C and TG was 1.08 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.13] and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.89–0.98), respectively. The OR for breast cancer per 1-SD increase in IGF-I was 1.09 (95% CI, 1.04–1.15). MR analyses suggested a bi-directional TG–IGF-I relationship (TG–IGF-I β per 1-SD: −0.13; 95% CI, −0.23 to −0.04; and IGF-I–TG β per 1-SD: −0.11; 95% CI, −0.18 to −0.05). There was little evidence for a causal relationship between HDL-C and LDL-C with IGF-I. In MVMR analyses, associations of TG or IGF-I with breast cancer were robust to adjustment for IGF-I or TG, respectively.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest a causal role of HDL-C, TG, and IGF-I in breast cancer. Observational and MR analyses support an interplay between IGF-I and TG; however, MVMR estimates suggest that TG and IGF-I may act independently to influence breast cancer.

Impact:

Our findings should be considered in the development of prevention strategies for breast cancer, where interventions are known to modify circulating lipids and IGF-I.
Concordance between Self-reported Symptoms and Clinically Ascertained Peripheral Neuropathy among Childhood Cancer Survivors: the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Hayek Samah , Dhaduk Rikeenkumar , Sapkota Yadav , Evans William E. , Diouf Barthelemy , Bjornard Kari , Wilson Carmen L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Robison Leslie L. , Khan Raja B. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Krull Kevin R. , Ness Kirsten K.
Published: September 2021

Background:

Childhood cancer survivors are at elevated risk for motor and/or sensory neuropathy. The study aims to evaluate the concordance between self-report peripheral neuropathy compared with clinically ascertained peripheral neuropathy, and to identify factors associated with misclassification of peripheral neuropathy among survivors.

Methods:

The concordance between self-report and clinically ascertained peripheral neuropathy was evaluated among 2,933 5+ years old childhood cancer survivors (mean age 33.3, SD = 8.9). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of self-report peripheral motor neuropathy (PMN) and peripheral sensory neuropathy (PSN) were calculated with reference to clinically assessed peripheral neuropathy.

Results:

Female survivors were more likely than male survivors to have clinically ascertained PMN (8.4% vs. 5.6%, P = 0.004). For females, having either PSN or PMN the most sensitive, specific, and accurate self-reported symptom was endorsing ≥2 symptoms on the self-report questionnaire (43.2%, 90.3%, and 85.2%, respectively), with kappa of 0.304. For males, having either PSN or PMN the most sensitive, specific, and accurate self-reported symptom was endorsing ≥2 symptoms on the self-report questionnaire (38.8%, 90.5%, and 86.3%, respectively) with kappa of 0.242. Age at diagnosis, emotional distress, and reporting pain in legs in the past 4 weeks were associated with an increased risk for false-positive reporting of peripheral neuropathy. Race (White), age at assessment, and emotional distress were associated with increased risk for false-negative reporting of peripheral neuropathy.

Conclusions:

Agreement between self-report and clinically ascertained peripheral neuropathy was poor in survivors. Choosing self-report versus clinical ascertained peripheral neuropathy should be carefully considered.

Impact:

The current study identifies the need for a self-report questionnaire that accurately assesses symptoms of peripheral neuropathy among cancer survivors.
Suppression of Colon Tumorigenesis in MutantApcMice by a Novel PDE10 Inhibitor that Reduces Oncogenic β-Catenin
Authors: Lee Kevin J. , Chang Wen-Chi L. , Chen Xi , Valiyaveettil Jacob , Ramirez-Alcantara Veronica , Gavin Elaine , Musiyenko Alla , Madeira da Silva Luciana , Annamdevula Naga S. , Leavesley Silas J. , Ward Antonio , Mattox Tyler , Lindsey Ashley S. , Andrews Joel , Zhu Bing , Wood Charles , Neese Ashleigh , Nguyen Ashley , Berry Kristy , Maxuitenko Yulia , Moyer Mary Pat , Nurmemmedov Elmar , Gorman Greg , Coward Lori , Zhou Gang , Keeton Adam B. , Cooper Harry S. , Clapper Margie L. , Piazza Gary A.
Published: September 2021

Previous studies have reported that phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10) is overexpressed in colon epithelium during early stages of colon tumorigenesis and essential for colon cancer cell growth. Here we describe a novel non-COX inhibitory derivative of the anti-inflammatory drug, sulindac, with selective PDE10 inhibitory activity, ADT 061. ADT 061 potently inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells expressing high levels of PDE10, but not normal colonocytes that do not express PDE10. The concentration range by which ADT 061 inhibited colon cancer cell growth was identical to concentrations that inhibit recombinant PDE10. ADT 061 inhibited PDE10 by a competitive mechanism and did not affect the activity of other PDE isozymes at concentrations that inhibit colon cancer cell growth. Treatment of colon cancer cells with ADT 061 activated cGMP/PKG signaling, induced phosphorylation of oncogenic β-catenin, inhibited Wnt-induced nuclear translocation of β-catenin, and suppressed TCF/LEF transcription at concentrations that inhibit cancer cell growth. Oral administration of ADT 061 resulted in high concentrations in the colon mucosa and significantly suppressed the formation of colon adenomas in the Apc+/min-FCCC mouse model of colorectal cancer without discernable toxicity. These results support the development of ADT 061 for the treatment or prevention of adenomas in individuals at risk of developing colorectal cancer.

Prevention Relevance:

PDE10 is overexpressed in colon tumors whereby inhibition activates cGMP/PKG signaling and suppresses Wnt/β-catenin transcription to selectively induce apoptosis of colon cancer cells. ADT 061 is a novel PDE10 inhibitor that shows promising cancer chemopreventive activity and tolerance in a mouse model of colon cancer.
StW 573 Australopithecus prometheus: Its Significance for an Australopith Bauplan
Authors: Crompton Robin Huw , McClymont Juliet , Elton Sarah , Thorpe Susannah , Sellers William , Heaton Jason , Pickering Travis Rayne , Pataky Todd , Carlson Kristian J. , Jashashvili Tea , Beaudet Amélie , Bruxelles Laurent , Goh Ethan , Kuman Kathleen , Clarke Ronald
Published: September 2021

The StW 573 skeleton of Australopithecus prometheus from Sterkfontein Member 2 is some 93% complete and thus by far the most complete member of that genus yet found. Firmly dated at 3.67 Ma, it is one of the earliest specimens of its genus. A crucial aspect of interpretation of locomotor behaviour from fossil remains is an understanding of the palaeoenvironment in which the individual lived and the manner in which it would have used it. While the value of this ecomorphological approach is largely accepted, it has not been widely used as a stable framework on which to build evolutionary biomechanical interpretations. Here, we collate the available evidence on StW 573’s anatomy in order, as far as currently possible, to reconstruct what might have been this individual’s realized and potential niche. We explore the concept of a common Australopithecus “bauplan” by comparing the morphology and ecological context of StW 573 to that of paenocontemporaneous australopiths including Australopithecus anamensis and KSD-VP-1/1 Australopithecus afarensis. Each was probably substantially arboreal and woodland-dwelling, relying substantially on arboreal resources. We use a hypothesis-driven approach, tested by: virtual experiments, in the case of extinct species; biomechanical analyses of the locomotor behaviour of living great ape species; and analogical experiments with human subjects. From these, we conclude that the habitual locomotor mode of all australopiths was upright bipedalism, whether on the ground or on branches. Some later australopiths such as Australopithecus sediba undoubtedly became more terrestrial, allowing sacrifice of arboreal stability in favour of manual dexterity. Indeed, modern humans retain arboreal climbing skills but have further sacrificed arboreal effectiveness for enhanced ability to sustain striding terrestrial bipedalism over much greater distances. We compare StW 573’s locomotor adaptations to those of living great apes and protohominins, and agree with those earlier observers who suggest that the common panin-hominin last common ancestor was postcranially more like Gorilla than Pan.
Notas sobre paisagem e ensino de paisagismo
Authors: Bartalini Vladimir
Published: September 2021

Assume-se aqui que o objeto do ensino de paisagismo é a paisagem. Essa assunção, que pode parecer óbvia, é simples apenas na aparência. Na verdade, ela exige uma indagação sobre a paisagem, “objeto” fugidio por excelência. O que se tenta neste artigo são aproximações à idéia de paisagem que pressupõem, por um lado, os vínculos desta com a natureza da Terra e, por outro, sua tendência à cosmicização. Busca-se também dissociar a paisagem da hegemonia, se não da exclusividade, do sentido da visão, herdada do pensamento moderno. Por fim, pleiteia-se a contribuição de diferentes formas de expressão, ou de linguagens poéticas, para embasar o ensino de paisagismo, uma vez que a mera capacitação técnica parece não dar conta da amplidão de sentidos que a paisagem acolhe.
O paisagismo moderno brasileiro nas publicações da Revista Acrópole (1938-1971)
Authors: Aragão Solange de , Sandeville Júnior Euler
Published: September 2021

Este artigo trata dos arquitetos paisagistas e dos paisagistas cujos projetos e textos foram publicados na Revista Acrópole entre maio de 1938 e dezembro de 1971 (período em que a revista esteve em atividade, com publicação mensal de volumes), abrangendo em particular a produção paisagística de Roberto Coelho Cardozo, Miranda Martinelli Magnoli, Rosa Grena Kliass, Waldemar Cordeiro e Roberto Burle Marx – nomes importantes do paisagismo nacional. É inovador por demonstrar que em uma revista dedicada primordialmente ao projeto do edifício é possível encontrar dados relevantes sobre a produção moderna do paisagismo no Brasil. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma análise das publicações concernentes a essa produção. Assim, foi realizado um levantamento a partir do termo “paisagismo” e de outros termos relacionados a esse campo disciplinar, com a seleção de artigos, textos e imagens, os quais compuseram o objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, cujo resultado ora se apresenta.
A Bíblia Grega traduzida por Frederico Lourenço: tradução e paratextos
Authors: Lima Anderson de Oliveira
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo trataremos da Bíblia que está sendo traduzida para a língua portuguesa por Frederico Lourenço a partir dos textos gregos, estudando especialmente os volumes que já foram publicados no Brasil pela Companhia das Letras. A análise lida com a materialidade do livro, com peculiaridades dessa tradução e com suas questões paratextuais, oferecendo uma discussão atual sobre temas que podem ser interessantes para as pesquisas bíblicas, para os críticos literários em geral e para aqueles que querem estudar o cenário editorial brasileiro.
África em Ondjaki: infância, espaços e vozes
Authors: Almeida Rita de Cássia , Topa Francisco José de Jesus
Published: September 2021

Aborda a infância a partir da perspectiva do escritor angolano Ndalu de Almeida (Ondjaki) nos contos das obras Os da minha rua e AvóDezanove e o segredo do soviético. Objetiva compreender a perspectiva infantil do autor e estabelecer relações entre a infância, a resistência lúdica e a contemporaneidade de suas obras. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, instrumentalizada por revisão de literatura e entrevista não estruturada com o escritor. Ressalta-se que o estudo sobre a inserção da ludicidade, implícita ou não em suas obras proporcionou não somente a aquisição de conhecimentos sobre um escritor africano, mas antes, a perpetração dos compromissos basilares de um ser humano: ser aprendiz.
Elementos da Distopia em Ventania Brava, de Luiz Bras
Authors: Hanke Juliana Garcia de Mendonça , Martha Alice Áurea Penteado
Published: September 2021

Neste texto, abordamos a narrativa Ventania Brava, de Luiz Bras, ambientada em 2090, procurando identificar e compreender a configuração da distopia no mundo narrado, especialmente em que medida sua estrutura estampa os temores da contemporaneidade, como crítica e alerta à sociedade. O relato destaca as ações de um governo ocupado por personagens adolescentes, sublinhando atitudes, desejos e expectativas dessa faixa etária, que vem ganhando cada vez mais visibilidade nos espaços sociais, notadamente como consumidora ávida de bens culturais. Refletimos, inicialmente, sobre a atuação do mercado do livro e a produção de bens culturais destinados aos jovens e adolescentes, destacando, na literatura juvenil, aspectos da narrativa distópica. Observamos, por fim, elementos que, na obra de Luiz Bras, configuram a distopia e proporcionam a seus leitores a reflexão acerca da realidade e a consequente experiência de participação como seres-no-mundo.
Vimala Devi, Ida Vitale e Gabriela Mistral: diáspora ao feminino ou a lusofonia em diálogo
Authors: Carnier Carolina Cunha
Published: September 2021

A América Latina e certos territórios coloniais europeus da África e Ásia, apesar de contextos diversos, são terrenos de convergência de formas poéticas que problematizam a memória e o exilio. Se muito já se disse sobre a influência da obra de Gabriela Mistral na escrita de autores diversos, é inédita, no entanto a aproximação de seu lirismo com as representações da Montevideo de Vitale, bem como com as relações ao sensível explícitas nas representações de Goa de Devi. Concentro-me, respectivamente, nas três partes dessa análise, em uma seleção de poemas de Procura de lo Impossible (1998) de Ida Vitale, Poema de Chile de Gabriela Mistral (1967) e de Súria (1962) de Vimala Devi.
Sá, André Corrêa de depressão e psicoterapia em António Lobo Antunes: Qualquer coisa que me ajude a existir
Authors: Valentim Jorge Vicente
Published: September 2021

Recensão crítica do último ensaio publicado pela Texto Editora, na coleção destinada à análise da obra do escritor português António Lobo Antunes.
Infective Endocarditis Hospitalizations and Outcomes in Patients With End‐Stage Kidney Disease: A Nationwide Data‐Linkage Study
Authors: Gallacher Peter J. , McAllister David A. , Mills Nicholas L. , Cruden Nicholas L. , Shah Anoop S. V. , Dhaun Neeraj
Published: September 2021

Background

We investigated the clinical features, microbiology, and short‐ and long‐term outcomes of incident infective endocarditis (IE) hospitalizations in patients with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) requiring dialysis or with a kidney transplant over 25 years in Scotland.

Methods and Results

In this retrospective, population‐based cohort study linking national hospitalization and mortality data, we identified patients with a history of ESKD and hospitalized with IE in Scotland between January 1, 1990 and December 31, 2014. From January 1, 2008, individual IE hospitalizations were additionally linked to national microbiology data. Multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for patient demographics and comorbidities, evaluated the association between ESKD and all‐cause death at 1 and 3 years. Of 7638 incident IE hospitalizations between 1990 and 2014, 2.8% (216/7638) occurred in 210 patients with ESKD and 97.2% (7422/7638) occurred in 7303 patients without ESKD. Positive findings from blood cultures were identified in 42% (950/2267) of incident IE hospitalizations from 2008.
Staphylococcus aureus
was isolated in 25.9% (21/81) and 12.8% (280/2186) of patients with and without ESKD, respectively (
P
=0.002). ESKD was associated with an increased odds of death at 1 (44.9% versus 31.4%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.47, 95% CI, 1.85–3.30;,
P
<0.001) and 3 years (63.9% versus 42.8%; aOR, 3.77; 95% CI, 2.79–5.12;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

IE is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with ESKD, especially in the longer term. Compared with patients without ESKD, patients with ESKD were twice as likely to die within 1 year, and 3 times as likely to die within 3 years of IE hospitalization.
Conceptual Framework for Personal Recovery in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Dreyer Rachel P. , Pavlo Anthony J. , Horne Anna , Dunn Robert , Danvers Karina , Brush John , Slade Mike , Davidson Larry
Published: September 2021

Background

Although there has been movement in cardiology to advance patient‐centered approaches to postacute myocardial infarction (AMI) care, work remains to be done in aligning patient preferences with clinical care. Our objective was to characterize patients’ experience of AMI and treatment to develop a new conceptual framework of patient‐centered recovery in cardiology.

Methods and Results

We conducted in‐depth interviews with people who previously experienced an AMI (2016–2019). The interview focused on participants’ experiences of their recovery, which were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a phenomenological framework. The overarching theme described by the 42 participants was feeling like a “different person” after the AMI. This shift manifested itself in both losses and gains, each of which posed new challenges to everyday life. The experience appeared to be an active process requiring people to take responsibility for their health. In terms of loss, participants describe how the AMI threatened their sense of safety and security and led to social isolation, fragility, uncertainty about the future, and difficulty expressing emotions accompanied this new fear. A conceptual framework describing the relationship between AMI, identity change, and functioning was developed.

Conclusions

Participants experienced the AMI as an unexpected disruption in their lives that had far‐reaching effects on their daily functioning, and were resolved in numerous ways. The conceptual framework may assist in providing a theoretical basis for future interventions in cardiology that not only engage and retain patients in care but also improve long‐term adherence to secondary prevention and other aspects of self‐care.
Morphology of male reproductive organs of the rice field crab Esanthelphusa nani (Naiyanetr, 1984) (Brachyura, Gecarcinucidae)
Authors: Maneein Rachata , Claude Julien , Kitana Jirarach , Kitana Noppadon
Published: September 2021

The rice field crab is considered a pest that disrupts rice production in paddy fields in tropical regions. The crab is also used as a stable food source by local people in many countries in Southeast Asia. For both of these roles, a good knowledge of the crab’s reproductive biology is necessary to manage populations in their natural habitats. This study aims to investigate the reproductive cycle of adult males of the rice field crab Esanthelphusa nani (Naiyanetr, 1984). Males crabs were sampled monthly in a paddy field; individuals were then anaesthetized and dissected, and their reproductive tract was analysed. The gonadosomatic index (GSI) was evaluated based on the relative weight of the reproductive tract and body weight. The male GSI showed significant temporal difference, with the highest levels in June, August and September. Based on GSI and macroscopic examination, the testis and vas deferens can be classified into three stages of increasing size: (1) resting stage, (2) developing stage and (3) active stage. Microscopic examination revealed that the testis and vas deferens had a tubular structure. Seminiferous tubules in the testis underwent spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis at every stage. The vas deferens consisted of three major regions: anterior, middle and posterior, which showed different types of epithelia. Interestingly, the microscopic structure of the vas deferens was similar among these three reproductive stages. It is also important to note that round-shaped spermatozoa were found in different parts of the reproductive tract, including the seminiferous tubule and vas deferens, as well as in the female seminal receptacle, whereas no spermatophores were found in this species. Overall, this study shows that mature sperms can be found in the reproductive tract of male E. nani throughout the year, indicating that males have prolonged spermatogenic activities.
Effect of methyl farnesoate and farnesoic acid during 5th zoea and megalopa metamorphosis in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain Estampador, 1950 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae)
Authors: Zhao Ming , Zhang Fengying , Wang Wei , Liu Zhiqiang , Ma Lingbo
Published: September 2021

The mud crab Scylla paramamosain is one of the economically important aquaculture species in China. The larval development of the mud crab is characterized by two significant morphological changes, from the 5th zoea (Z5) to the megalopa (M) stage and from the M to the first juvenile crab (C1) stage. In this study, we found that methyl farnesoate (MF) could prohibit the Z5 to M metamorphosis in a concentration-dependent manner, and that a concentration of 10 μM MF could completely prohibit the Z5 metamorphosis. Farnesoic acid (FA) could also prohibit the Z5 metamorphosis, but its effects seemed to be concentration-independent. In addition, MF could delay rather than prohibit the M to C1 metamorphosis, while FA had no effect on the M to C1 metamorphosis at all. To summarize, it is hypothesized that either absence of MF and FA, or at least very low levels of these substances, might be necessary for a successful Z5 to M metamorphosis.
Salishbaena kootenai n. g., n. sp., a remarkable new form of thermosbaenacean (Peracarida, Thermosbaenacea, Halosbaenidae) from Montana, U.S.A.
Authors: Wagner H. P. , Reid B. L.
Published: September 2021

A new representative of the Thermosbaenacea, Salishbaena kootenai n. g., n. sp., is described. Based on its specific characteristics and the complexly build maxilla 2, it clearly belongs to the family Halosbaenidae and morphologically seems closest to the European genus Limnosbaena, rather than to the other genera within this family. Updated keys for the identification of the families and genera within the Thermosbaenacea are provided. Given the significant range extension and unusual geologic and biogeographic context that this new record represents within the order Thermosbaenacea, brief observations on habitat and biogeography are included as well.
Notes on Salvia subgenus Calosphace section Macrostachyae (Lamiaceae) from Ecuador with a new record
Authors: FRAGOSO-MARTÍNEZ ITZI , MARTÍNEZ-GORDILLO MARTHA , URÍA ROLANDO , SALAZAR GERARDO A. , PEÑAFIEL MARCIA , TOBAR FRANCISCO , Montesinos Kabir
Published: September 2021

Salvia alata is reported as new record for Ecuador. This species belongs to S. sect. Macrostachyae, thus an updated identification key to species of this section is provided. The descriptions of Salvia alata and the species most morphologically similar to it (Salvia speciosa) are complemented with new information and photographs taken in the field. Salvia alata is distributed in Ecuador and Peru and can be distinguished from Salvia speciosa by its pilose vegetative organs, flowers with white stamens and styles, and mericarps with a deltoid apex. On the other hand, Salvia speciosa is endemic to Peru, and it has glabrescent vegetative organs, flowers with burgundy to deep purple stamens and styles, and mericarps with a bifurcate apex.
Simplicillium pech-merlensis, a new fungal species isolated from the air of the Pech-Merle show cave
Authors: LEPLAT JOHANN , FRANCOIS ALEXANDRE , BOUSTA FAISL
Published: September 2021

An original fungal strain has been recovered during an aerobiological survey in the Pech-Merle show cave (France). The use of multi-locus (ITS, LSU, SSU RPB1, RPB2 and TEF-1α) phylogenetic analysis of the strain by maximum likelihood and by Bayesian inference coupled with a morphological characterization allowed us to place it in the Simplicillium genus as Simplicillium pech-merlensis sp. nov. This new species seems morphologically close to S. calcicola and S. album, which were also first isolated from a cave habitat. This paper discusses the phylogenetic place of S. pech-merlensis and some other species in the genus Simplicillium.
Definitions of two species groups of Stenothemus Bourgeois (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with descriptions of three new species from China
Authors: GE SHUJUAN , YANG XINGKE , LIU HAOYU , YANG YUXIA
Published: September 2021

Two new species-groups of the cantharid genus Stenothmeus Bourgeois are defined, S. laterophysus species-group and S. notaticollis species-group. The S. laterophysus species-group is composed of two species, including S. laterophysus Švihla, 2004 and a new species, S. nigritibius Y. Yang et H. Liu, sp. nov., and characterized by the pitch black elytra and bicolored legs, the subrounded pronotum with widely rounded anterior angles and projecting posterior angles, male genitalia with slender ventral processes of parameres which are slightly bent inwards at apical parts, laterophyses tilting ventrally at an angle of more than 45° with dorsal plates, compressed at apical parts, as well as the slender spermathecal duct, extremely long spermatheca and diverticulum. The S. notaticollis species-group consists of five species, including S. notaticollis (Gorham, 1895), S. bourgeoisi Wittmer, 1974, S. tamil Švihla, 2011 and two new species, S. parameratus Y. Yang et S. Ge, sp. nov. and S. acutiapicis Y. Yang et X. Yang, sp. nov., which is differentiated from the S. laterophysus species-group by the more variable body coloration, elytra pitch black or black brown or pale-yellow, male genitalia with thick or flattened ventral processes of parameres which are diverging apically, laterophyses parallel to dorsal plates, expanded at apices, as well as the stout spermathecal duct, moderately long spermatheca and diverticulum. The above species are illustrated with photographs of habitus, male genitalia, abdominal sternites and internal genitalia of female. A key for the identification of these species is provided and a distribution map is presented.
A new species of picture-winged flies of the genus Euphara Loew (Diptera, Ulidiidae)
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-ORTIZ VICENTE , DZUL-CAUICH JOSÉ F.
Published: September 2021

Based on a large series of specimens found in several localities in Mexico Euphara loculata n. sp. is described. It is the second species of this Neotropical genus, and includes for the first time a description and illustration of the male and female genitalia of the genus.
Ianos—A Hurricane in the Mediterranean
Authors: Lagouvardos K. , Karagiannidis A. , Dafis S. , Kalimeris A. , Kotroni V.
Published: September 2021

During 15–21 September 2020, an intense medicane, named Ianos, formed over the warm Mediterranean Sea. Following a path of approximately 1,900 km, Medicane Ianos affected Greece resulting in four casualties and devastating damage in the western and central parts of Greece. Persistent gale force 1-min winds up to 44 m s−1 and wind gusts up to 54 m s−1 were recorded in Cephalonia Island (Ionian Sea), while record-breaking amounts of accumulated rainfall have been recorded in several Ionian islands, as well as in parts of central Greece. Analysis of the available observations showed that Ianos was the most intense medicane ever recorded in the Mediterranean. This paper aims at investigating the genesis and evolution of the medicane, based on in situ observations, satellite measurements, and model analyses. Toward that objective, Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) SEVIRI imagery, combined with lightning data permitted to follow the evolution of convective activity during the various phases of Ianos. This investigation is complemented with upper-air model analyses in order to evaluate the synoptic environment within which Ianos had formed and was sustained over 7 days. Finally, the Global Precipitation Measurement Core Observatory (GPM CO) satellite overpasses over Medicane Ianos provided invaluable information about its 3D structure, especially during its most intense phase.
Risk Factors for Aspiration Pneumonia After Receiving Liquid‐Thickening Recommendations
Authors: Masuda Hiroaki , Ueha Rumi , Sato Taku , Goto Takao , Koyama Misaki , Yamauchi Akihito , Kaneoka Asako , Suzuki Sayaka , Yamasoba Tatsuya
Published: September 2021

Objective

We examined the influence of liquid thickness levels on the frequency of liquid penetration‐aspiration in patients with dysphagia and evaluated the clinical risk factors for penetration‐aspiration and aspiration pneumonia development.

Study Design

A case series.

Setting

Single‐institution academic center.

Methods

We reviewed medical charts from 2018 to 2019. First, we evaluated whether liquid thickness levels influence the frequency of liquid penetration‐aspiration in patients with dysphagia. Penetration‐aspiration occurrence in a videofluoroscopic swallowing study was defined as Penetration‐Aspiration Scale (PAS) scores ≥3. Second, the association between liquid thickness level and penetration‐aspiration was analyzed, and clinical risk factors were identified. Moreover, clinical risk factors for aspiration pneumonia development within 6 months were investigated.

Results

Of 483 patients, 159 showed penetration‐aspiration. The thickening of liquids significantly decreased the incidence of penetration‐aspiration (P <. 001). Clinical risk factors for penetration‐aspiration were vocal fold paralysis (odds ratio [OR], 1.99), impaired laryngeal sensation (OR, 5.01), and a history of pneumonia (OR, 2.90). Twenty‐three patients developed aspiration pneumonia while undertaking advised dietary changes, including liquid thickening. Significant risk factors for aspiration pneumonia development were poor performance status (OR, 1.85), PAS score ≥3 (OR, 4.03), and a history of aspiration pneumonia (OR, 7.00).

Conclusion

Thickening of liquids can reduce the incidence of penetration‐aspiration. Vocal fold paralysis, impaired laryngeal sensation, and history of aspiration pneumonia are significant risk factors of penetration‐aspiration. Poor performance status, PAS score ≥3, and history of aspiration pneumonia are significantly associated with aspiration pneumonia development following recommendations on thickening liquids.

Level of Evidence

3.
The influence of endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors on migraine in spontaneous postmenopausal women: A nationwide population-based study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Seonghoon , Lee Si Baek , Hong Yun Jeong , Kim Yongbang , Han Kyungdo , Park Jeong Wook
Published: September 2021

Background

Hormonal and menstrual factors are known to influence migraines in women. However, studies in the postmenopausal period are relatively insufficient for clinical translation. This study investigated the influence of endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors on migraines in spontaneous menopausal women.

Methods

We obtained and analyzed the data related to hormonal factors from the Korean Health Examination database. A migraine diagnosis was identified using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database between 2009 and 2018. We observed migraine occurrence in spontaneous postmenopausal women. Study populations were divided into two groups depending on new diagnosis of migraine during the follow up periods. We investigated the association between endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors and migraine.

Results

1,114,742 spontaneous postmenopausal women were enrolled. Migraine risk tended to increase in the shorter lifetime number of years of menstruation group compared to the group with lifetime number of years of menstruation ≥40 years. All of the hormone replacement therapy (HRT) groups showed higher risk compared with the non-HRT group. Migraine risk tends to increase with greater postmenopausal years compared to the postmenopausal <5 years group.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that female hormonal factors, including endogenous and exogenous estrogen exposure, may be associated with migraine occurrence in spontaneous menopausal women.
Thermal analysis of blood flow of Newtonian, pseudo-plastic, and dilatant fluids through an inclined wavy channel due to metachronal wave of cilia
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Abdou , Nazeer Mubbashar , Khalid Khadija , Yaseen Sidra , Saleem Salman , Hussain Farooq
Published: September 2021

This paper is organized to study the heat and mass transfer analyses by considering the motion of cilia for Newtonian, Pseudo-plastic, and Dilatant fluids through a horizontally inclined channel in the presence of metachronal waves and variable liquid properties. A non-Newtonian Rabinowitsch model is used to study the flow of peristalsis through ciliated walls. The slip and convective boundary conditions at the channel walls are taken into account. The mathematical model is developed in the form of complex nonlinear partial differential equations then transformed into simplified form by using the definition of low-Reynolds number with lubrication theory. The analytical solution is obtained by using the perturbation method due to its low computational cost and good accuracy. The graphical outcome is based on the behavior of certain physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles for all three types of fluid. A symbolic software named MATHEMATICA 12.0 is used to find the analytical expression and construct the graphical behavior of all profiles that are taken under discussion. The important results in this study depict that the velocity profile tends to increase in the central region of the channel for Newtonian and Pseudo-plastic fluids and decreases for Dilatant fluid while a reverse behavior is observed near the channel walls. A smaller wavelength causes the wavenumber to accelerate and it tends to decelerate for a larger wavelength. The current study will help to understand the use of the complex rheological behavior of biological fluids in engineering and medical science.
The Longitudinal Dimension of Social-Mediated Movements: Hidden Brokerage and the Unsung Tales of Movement Spilloverers
Authors: Zhou Alvin , Yang Aimei
Published: September 2021

This study traces the retweet networks among a group of movement spilloverers spanning across five social-mediated movements (i.e., People’s Climate March, Women’s March, #GrabYourWallet, March for Our Lives, and #StoptheBans) and examines the longitudinal inter-movement dynamics. Our analysis reveals that movement spillover is a widespread phenomenon existing in ideologically compatible movements across issue areas and lasted over 5 years. We also found that movement spilloverers functioned as relationship brokers both within their original movement networks and across movements. We identified four types of brokers based on their movement memberships and flows of information, and explored the unique characteristics of these brokers. We found that itinerants and representatives are exceptionally influential among the general public and media, whereas coordinators commend considerable influence among politicians. Representatives are most effective when influencing the activist community. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.
Impact of cryopreservation and transit times of allogeneic grafts on hematopoietic and immune reconstitution
Authors: Maurer Katie , Kim Haesook T. , Kuczmarski Thomas M. , Garrity Heather M. , Weber Augustine , Reynolds Carol G. , Liney Deborah , Cutler Corey , Antin Joseph H. , Koreth John , Ritz Jerome , Shapiro Roman M. , Romee Rizwan , Wu Catherine J. , Soiffer Robert J. , Nikiforow Sarah , Ho Vincent T. , Gooptu Mahasweta
Published: September 2021

We sought to evaluate the impact of cryopreservation of unrelated donor (URD) peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) grafts on engraftment, chimerism, and immune reconstitution in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We reviewed stem cell product characteristics and clinical outcomes in 101 patients receiving cryopreserved PBSCs from URDs between January 1, 2019 and 31 December, 2020, compared with 203 patients receiving fresh URD PBSCs. We observed no differences in 6-month overall survival, progression-free survival, or nonrelapse mortality. Patients receiving cryopreserved PBSCs had delayed platelet engraftment and impaired reconstitution of white blood cells and T-cell subsets at day 30. Thirty-four percent of patients receiving cryopreserved grafts had CD3 chimerism <50% at day 30 after transplantation, compared with 14% of patients receiving fresh PBSCs (P = .0002). At day 100, this difference persisted (CD3+ chimerism <50%: 17% of cryopreserved cohort vs 6% of fresh cohort; P = .016). Greater product age at infusion was associated with increased graft failure, independent of cryopreservation. Receipt of grafts >48 hours old at time of cryopreservation or infusion significantly increased the risk of graft failure (subdistribution hazard ratio = 4.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.71-12.3; P = .0025). Our data indicate that cryopreservation is associated with similar overall short-term clinical outcomes compared with fresh PBSC. However, patients must be monitored closely for increased risk of other potentially adverse outcomes, including graft failure and poor immune recovery, particularly for grafts with older overall age at infusion. Longer-term follow-up is needed to determine impact on relapse and survival.
High-quality-factor dual-band Fano resonances induced by dual bound states in the continuum using a planar nanohole slab
Authors: Mi Qing , Sang Tian , Pei Yao , Yang Chaoyu , Li Shi , Wang Yueke , Ma Bin
Published: September 2021

In photonics, it is essential to achieve high-quality (Q)-factor resonances to improve optical devices’ performances. Herein, we demonstrate that high-Q-factor dual-band Fano resonances can be achieved by using a planar nanohole slab (PNS) based on the excitation of dual bound states in the continuum (BICs). By shrinking or expanding the tetramerized holes of the superlattice of the PNS, two symmetry-protected BICs can be induced to dual-band Fano resonances and their locations as well as their Q-factors can be flexibly tuned. Physical mechanisms for the dual-band Fano resonances can be interpreted as the resonant couplings between the electric toroidal dipoles or the magnetic toroidal dipoles based on the far-field multiple decompositions and the near-field distributions of the superlattice. The dual-band Fano resonances of the PNS possess polarization-independent feature, and they can be survived even when the geometric parameters of the PNS are significantly altered, making them more suitable for potential applications.
Early life and adult stress promote sex dependent changes in hypothalamic miRNAs and environmental enrichment prevents stress-induced miRNA and gene expression changes in rats
Authors: McKibben Lauren Allen , Dwivedi Yogesh
Published: September 2021

Background

The hypothalamus plays a key role in the stress response. While early life stress (ELS) increases susceptibility to psychiatric disorders including major depressive disorder (MDD), acute stress during adulthood can also precipitate MDD after ELS.

Aim

Here, we tested the expression of miRNAs following ELS and susceptibility to depression-like behavior and whether sex or acute stress exacerbates this response. We also tested whether environmental enrichment (Enr) promotes early life and adult behavioral stress resilience and its effect on hypothalamic miRNA and gene expression. Following rat maternal separation (MS) as an ELS model, Enr from weaning through adulthood, and restraint (RS) as acute adult stress, we tested both animal behavior and miRNA expression in the hypothalamus. Target genes and their enrichment and ontology were analyzed using bioinformatic tools. Target gene expression changes were tested using qPCR, and miRNA promoter methylation was studied using methylated-DNA immunoprecipitation qPCR.

Results

MS, Enr, RS, and sex altered hypothalamic miRNAs, including several previously reported in MS literature: miRs-29, − 124, − 132, − 144, − 504. Sex had a significant effect on the greatest number of miRNAs. Also, Enr reversed downregulation of miR-29b-1-5p and -301b-3p in MS. qPCR showed that MAPK6 and MMP19, targets of miR-301b-3p, were upregulated in MS and reversed by Enr. Additionally, miR-219a was hypermethylated in MS coinciding with decreased miR-219a expression.

Conclusions

This study found that sex plays a critical role in the hypothalamic miRNA response to both ELS and acute stress, with males expressing greater changes following postnatal stress. Moreover, enrichment significantly altered behavior as well as hypothalamic miRNA expression and their gene targets. Because of its role as the initiator of the autonomic stress response and connection to hedonic and motivational behavior, the hypothalamic miRNA landscape may significantly alter both the short and long-term behavioral response to stress.
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals that chlorophyll metabolism contributes to leaf color changes in wucai (Brassica campestris L.) in response to cold
Authors: Yuan Lingyun , Zhang Liting , Wu Ying , Zheng Yushan , Nie Libing , Zhang Shengnan , Lan Tian , Zhao Yang , Zhu Shidong , Hou Jinfeng , Chen Guohu , Tang Xiaoyan , Wang Chenggang
Published: September 2021

Background

Chlorophyll (Chl) is a vital photosynthetic pigment involved in capturing light energy and energy conversion. In this study, the color conversion of inner-leaves from green to yellow in the new wucai (Brassica campestris L.) cultivar W7–2 was detected under low temperature. The W7–2 displayed a normal green leaf phenotype at the seedling stage, but the inner leaves gradually turned yellow when the temperature was decreased to 10 °C/2 °C (day/night), This study facilitates us to understand the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying leaf color changes in response to low temperature.

Results

A comparative leaf transcriptome analysis of W7–2 under low temperature treatment was performed on three stages (before, during and after leaf color change) with leaves that did not change color under normal temperature at the same period as a control. A total of 67,826 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in porphyrin and Chl metabolism, carotenoids metabolism, photosynthesis, and circadian rhythm. In the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolic pathways, the expression of several genes was reduced [i.e. magnesium chelatase subunit H (CHLH)] under low temperature. Almost all genes [i.e. phytoene synthase (PSY)] in the carotenoids (Car) biosynthesis pathway were downregulated under low temperature. The genes associated with photosynthesis [i.e. photosystem II oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1 (PsbO)] were also downregulated under LT. Our study also showed that elongated hypocotyl5 (HY5), which participates in circadian rhythm, and the metabolism of Chl and Car, is responsible for the regulation of leaf color change and cold tolerance in W7–2.

Conclusions

The color of inner-leaves was changed from green to yellow under low temperature in temperature-sensitive mutant W7–2. Physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic studies showed that HY5 transcription factor and the downstream genes such as CHLH and PSY, which regulate the accumulation of different pigments, are required for the modulation of leaf color change in wucai under low temperature.