bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementasi Sistem Integrasi Repositori Karya Ilmiah di Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN) Berbasis Eprints
Authors: Maha Rahmadani Ningsih , Widiyaningrum Ayu Retno , Tupan Tupan
Published: December 2023

Due to the merging of BATAN, LIPI, BPPT and LAPAN into the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), the repository management in the libraries of those four institutions needs to be integrated. To support the integration, a review of the implementation of the scientific work repository system at the Library of the National Research and Innovation Agency based on Eprints was carried out. The research aims to find out (1) the importance of integrating scientific work repositories in supporting institutions; (2) the benefits of scientific work repository; (3) types of documents in the scientific work repository at BRIN; and (4) a model of scientific work integration system at BRIN. The study was carried out using a descriptive method equipped with a literature study. Data collection was carried out by means of observation and FGD managers of the BRIN scientific work repository. The observation was carried out on September 29, 2022 and the FGD was conducted on November 21, 2022. The results of the study show that an integrated scientific work repository storage system facilitates science and technology human resources in storing scientific work and increases collaboration between BRIN civitas both internally and externally. Scientific work repositories are useful for storing, preserving and increasing the use of research results to increase visibility and research collaboration in order to ensure protection of ownership of scientific work. Repository integration system for scientific papers conducted at BRIN is based on Eprints using the latest version 3.4.3.
Penelitian Pelayanan Perpustakaan Era Kenormalan Baru Pada Data Base Google Scholar
Authors: Permatasari Sofia , Anwar Rully Khairul , Djen Amar Siti Chaerani , Rukmana Evi Nursanti
Published: December 2023

The Covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia has changed library services into a new era of normality. This research aims to find out, (1) types of library information sources, (2) library services and (3) the role of librarians in the new normal era. This research uses the narrative literature review method so that it is expected to obtain a theoretical basis that can support in solving the problem being studied.  The number of scientific articles analyzed was 12 pieces from the Google Scholar database for the period 2020 – 2022. Researchers use the Google Scholar database because it has advantages including the availability of various scientific articles that are easily accessible, efficient in the use of cost and time.  The results and discussion show that library services in the new normal era are based on the internet and information technology. The library collection consists of repackaging information in digital format, developing open library collections and e-journals. Library services consist of librarian delivery services, social media-based library services, online reference services and digital libraries.  It is concluded that the role of library libararians in the new normal era is very important and education and training are needed in order to have competence in the field of internet and information technology which plays a very important role in library services in the new normal era.
Pengembangan Petunjuk Praktikum Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Materi Sel Volta SMA Muhammadiyah Pontianak
Authors: Utami Annisa , Hairida Hairida , Rasmawan Rahmat , Masriani Masriani , Sartika Rody Putra
Published: December 2023

Petunjuk praktikum ini dikembangkan sebagai variasi bahan ajar dalam melakukan praktikum. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menentukan tingkat kelayakan dan menguji respon guru terhadap petunjuk praktikum tersebut. Research and development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D digunakan dalam penelitian ini, meliputi tahapan define, design, development, dan dessiminate (4D), namun hanya sampai tahap ketiga yaitu development (tahap pengembangan). Subjek penelitian yaitu petunjuk praktikum berbasis inkuiri terbimbing pada materi sel volta untuk XII SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pontianak. Teknik pengukuran dan teknik komunikasi tidak langsung digunakan sebagai teknik pengumpul data dalam penelitian ini sedangkan instrumen pengumpul data menggunakan angket uji kelayakan dan angket uji respon terhadap petunjuk praktikum tersebut. Uji validitas dilakukan berdasarkan aspek materi, grafika, dan bahasa yang divalidasi masing-masing oleh 3 dosen ahli. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh persentase angket uji kelayakan materi, uji kelayakan grafik, dan uji kelayakan bahasa berturut-turut sebesar 97,3%; 97,1%; dan 98,0%. Hasil respon 2 orang guru kimia terhadap petunjuk praktikum memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 80%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan petunjuk praktikum berbasis inkuiri terbimbing mendapat respon yang baik dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran di sekolah.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MODEL AIR DENGAN STRATEGI ACTIVE KNOWLEDGE SHARING MATERI ZAT ADITIF
Authors: Lawung Yustina Dwisofiani , Tukan Maria Benedikta , Bria Kornelis
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Mendeskripsikan validitas atau kelayakan perangkat pembelajaran  yang menerapkan model Auditory Intelectually Repetition dengan strategi Active Knowledge Sharing materi Zat Aditif Makanan; (2) Mendeskripsikan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran yang menerapkan model Auditory Intellectually Repetation dengan Strategi Active Knowledge Sharing materi Zat Aditif Makanan. Luaran dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan perangkat pembelajaran yang menerapkan model Auditory Intelectually Repetition dengan strategi Active Knowledge Sharing materi Zat Aditif Makanan serta untuk mengetahui bagaimana perolehan hasil belajar peserta didik. Kontribusi terhadap ilmu pengetahuan yakni Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dan dinyatakan layak  oleh para validator dapat digunakan di sekolah sekolah tingkat SMP. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian research and development dengan model pengembangan four-D. Lokasi penelitian ini adalah di SMPN 5 Kupang Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian ini berfokus pada melihat validitas perangkat pembelajaran yang menerapkan model Auditory Intelectually Repetition dengan strategi Active Knowledge Sharing materi Zat Aditif Makanan dan melihat perolehan hasil belajar peserta didik siswa SMPN 5 Kupang Tengah. Variabel penelitian ini meliputi  validitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Perangkat yang dikembangkan tergolong kategori layak; dan  hasil belajar siswa tergolong dalam kategori baik
HUBUNGAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR TIK SISWA KELAS X
Authors: Agustino Agustino , Tacoh Yuliana T.B.
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya Hubungan antara Keaktifan Belajar dengan Prestasi Belajar TIK siswa Kelas X di SMA Kristen 1 Salatiga. Desain pada penelitian ini adalah  desain korelasi. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel adalah angket dengan metode penelitian jenis metode sampling. Sedangkan populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu semua peserta didik kelas X1 dan X6 dengan sampel penelitian dari kelas X1 berjumlah 20 siswa dan kelas X6 berjumlah sebanyak 20 siswa dengan total sebanyak 40 siswa. Teknik dalam pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan observasi, angket dan juga dokumentasi. Sedangkan untuk Hasil uji hipotesis ini menggunakan jenis analisis korelasi Momen Produk Pearson yakni menggunakan bantuan aplikasi SPSS v20 dan mempunyai nilai signifikansi yang sama yaitu 0,710, sehingga bisa dikatakan signifikan serta terdapatnya hubungan dari keaktifan belajar dengan prestasi belajar, maka dari itu diperhatikan juga dari dekatnya hubungan antara Keaktifan Belajar dengan Prestasi Belajar sehingga memiliki hasil korelasi pearson (r) sebanyak 0,061 dan terkategori berkorelasi kuat. Jadi pada penelitian ini Ho ditolak sedangkan Ha diterima. Sehingga hasil dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat Hubungan antara Keaktifan Belajar dengan Prestasi Belajar TIK siswa Kelas X di SMA Kristen 1 Salatiga.
Analyzing Dynamical Behavior of Tuberculosis Transmission
Authors: Monisha P. , Sindu Devi S.
Published: December 2023

In this article, we investigated the dynamical behavior of a fuzzy mathematical model with tuberculosis (TB) treatment function. The considered model analyzes fuzzy basic reproduction numbers and stability analysis for both local and global stability conditions around disease-free equilibrium points, as well as its local stability conditions around endemic equilibrium points. We examine the TB model’s sensitivity analysis with a focus on the variation of each of its parameters. We propose predicting the extension of the virus load in TB using fuzzy bifurcation. At the end, we have given a numerical simulation to illustrate the outcomes by considering some special types of treatment functions.
On an Efficient Iterative Method for Fixed Points
Authors: Mohan Mukund , Kumar Abhimanyu , Roy S. N. , Parida P. K.
Published: December 2023

Real-world applications depend heavily on the fixed-point solution. In this paper, we have suggested an effective iterative method for fixed points. We have first given the approximate order of convergence for this method using Taylor’s series. The radii of convergence balls for this method can then be calculated using a local convergence theorem that we then present. The semilocal convergence theorem, which determines the starting point’s accuracy, is then presented. We have created some technical lemmas and theorems to serve this purpose. In contrast to an earlier study using the same type of method for nonlinear equations, we have not used the convergence conditions on higher-order Frechet derivatives in our study of convergence. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to support the theoretical findings we made. This highlights the uniqueness of this study.
Practicable Artificial Photosynthesis: Its Relevance, Fundamental Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ganesh Ibram
Published: December 2023

The single main resource for the survival of humankind on this planet is the sunlight and it is freely coming to every home like the life-supporting gas, oxygen, is coming to every individual. When society becomes master in harvesting such a precious, Omnipresent, carbon-neutral, clean, freely and abundantly available renewable energy resource sunlight in a suitable form of chemical energy such as, H2, O2, CO, methanol, gasoline (petrol), diesel, etc., with a minimum conversion efficiency of 10% by using carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as energy storing materials, which is referred to as the “Practicable Artificial Photosynthesis (PAP)” process, it can be employed for commercial practice with economic viability to meet all the energy needs of the society without any back-up by electricity generated at thermal power plants by burning greenhouse gas CO2 releasing fossil fuels. In fact, the PAP process is the only option available today for humankind to make energy, environment, economy, and life sustainable on our only habitable planet, Earth. In this article, (i) how the PAP process can change the global energy economy and energy dynamics of the world while solving all the humanities top 10 problems for the next 50 years, (ii) how the entire CO2 gas generated as a waste across the globe at all the major outlets can be eventually converted into petrol (i.e., gasoline) given the fossil fuels cannot sustain our civilization’s economic growth, (iii) the effectiveness of existing CO2 sequestration vs. carbon capture and utilization (CCU) processes, (iv) nature’s response to anthropogenic CO2 gas rise in the atmosphere, (v) steps involved in the realization of a desirable PAP process, (vi) why silicon photovoltaic cell (SPVC) solar panels cannot solve the energy problems of our society considering the outcome of Germany’s Energiewende program, etc., have been meticulously presented and described in this article.
Why and How is the Difference? Fixed and Growth Mindsets in Mathematics among O-level Secondary School Students in Wakiso District, Uganda
Authors: Nakasiita Kirabo Nkambwe , Baguwem Ali , Kibedi Henry , Olema David
Published: December 2023

People's beliefs tend to impact them in all aspects of life. One of the things that can solve the puzzle of mathematics and science, in general, is the mindset, which is a view of one's ability as either static or malleable. This study evaluated the mindsets of Senior 3 students in Mathematics in Wakiso District and the reasons for adopting those mindsets as revealed in student and teacher narratives. Three hundred thirty-two (332) students participated in the quantitative study, while six students from each school took part in qualitative focus group discussions, and one O-level mathematics teacher from each school took part in a qualitative key informant interview. The quantitative results showed that more students had a growth mindset (M = 14.86, SD = 3.81) than a fixed mindset (M = 11.63, SD = 3.88). However, a considerable number of students held a fixed mindset; as also evidenced by the qualitative data, there were no statistically significant differences in mindsets among the various demographics. Qualitative findings showed that past performance, peers, parents, teachers, and other socialisers were influential in promoting growth or a fixed mindset. The study concludes that even though many students have a growth mindset, many external factors can cause them to adopt a fixed mindset in mathematics. Since mindsets can change at any time, it is everyone's responsibility to change students' mindsets toward mathematics for the best results
Kształtowanie plonu i jakości ziarna wybranych genotypów Triticum durum Desf. w zależności od nawożenia azotem i gęstości siewu
Authors: Sulewska Hanna , Koziara Wiesław , Bojarczuk Jarosław
Published: December 2023

W latach 2005–2006 wykonano badania nad oceną przydatności do uprawy 4 zagranicznych odmian jarych pszenicy twardej w warunkach Wielkopolski (Swadzim k/Poznania), uwzględniające parametry jakościowe uzyskanego ziarna. Porównywano reakcję czterech odmian pszenicy twardej Durabon (Niemcy), Durabonus (Austria), Duraprimus (Austria), Rusticano (Włochy) z pszenicą zwyczajną odmiany Viniett na nawożenie azotem: (0kg N·ha-1, 50 kg N·ha-1, 100 kg N·ha-1, 150 kg N·ha-1) oraz gęstość siewu (400, 500, 600 ziaren/m2). Stwierdzono, że badane odmiany pszenicy twardej plonowały na podobnym poziomie jak pszenica zwyczajna odmiany Viniett. Plon ziarna pszenicy zwyczajnej zwiększał się wraz ze wzrostem nawożenia azotem do dawki 132,3 kg N·ha-1, a pszenicy twardej, średnio dla odmian, do 141,9 kg N·ha-1 plonu ziarna. Ponadto wykazano, że odmiany pszenicy twardej korzystniej reagowały na zwiększanie ilości wysiewu niż odmiana Viniett. Niska wartość ocenianych parametrów jakościowych ziarna, głównie zawartość β-karotenu, sprawiła, że badane odmiany Triticum durum Desf. okazały się nieprzydatne do uprawy w warunkach Wielkopolski.
Do income redistribution policies reduce income inequality?: Focusing on social security policy and tax policy
Authors:   Social Welfare Policy and Practice, Kim Minsoo , Park Byunghyun
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of income redistribution policy, which is a government intervention to alleviate income inequality. To achieve the purpose of this study, data provided by various organizations such as OECD, World Bank, and WID were collected to form panel data consisting of 17 years of 33 countries.
The results of confirming the relationship between income redistribution policy and income inequality through the differential moment method of the dynamic panel model using the relevant data are as follows. First, cash benefit spending was found to reduce income inequality. Second, the interaction between direct and indirect taxes and cash benefit spending was found to reduce income inequality, but was not statistically significant. Third, the interaction between direct taxes and in-kind benefit spending was found to deepen income inequality.
Based on these key analysis results, we proposed improvements to existing social security policies, proposals for new social security policies, and directions for income redistribution policies that take into account the relationship between social security policies and tax policies in order to alleviate income inequality in the future.
Dyslipidemic effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of raw and roasted xoconostle (Opuntia joconostle) peel
Authors:   Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Perez-Ramirez Brenda Yadira , Garduño-Siciliano Leticia ,   Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Alvarez-González Isela ,   Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Vargas-Diaz Maria Elena ,   Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Lara-Villalbazo Jose de Jesus ,   Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Cardador-Martinez Maria Anaberta ,   Tecnologico de Monterrey, Marquez-Flores Yazmin Karina ,   Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Martinez-Galero Elizdath ,   Universidad Tecnologica de Mexico, Gutierrez-Rebolledo Gabriel Alfonso ,   Instituto Politecnico Nacional
Published: December 2023

The aim of the present study was to assess the impacts of roasting and the type of extraction solvent (ethanol or water) on the hypolipidemic activity of xoconostle fruit peel extracts in a tyloxapol-induced model of hyperlipidemia. Water and ethanol extracts from raw and roasted Opuntia joconostle peels were obtained to quantify the phytochemicals contained within and assess their hypolipidemic activity in rats (n=5) against tyloxapol-induced dyslipidemia (400 mg/kg). The raw ethanol and water extracts, as well as the roasted water extract (200 mg/kg), showed hypolipidemic activity in the tyloxapol-treated group (p<0.05). In contrast, the roasted sample extracted with ethanol did not show this effect. The concentrations of phenolic compounds (39.80 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (16.42 ±0.14 mg QE/g) were higher in the ethanolic extracts than in the aqueous extracts. Conversely, the concentration of betalains (115.51 ±1.66 mg/100 g) was higher in the water extracts than in the ethanol extracts. It was concluded that the roasting process modified the concentration of some phytochemicals and their antioxidant capacity in vitro, producing a hypolipidemic effect in tyloxapol-induced hyperlipidemic rats.
أبو نصر الفارابي فلسفته ومنهجه
Authors: العبيدي محمود محمد المهدي
Published: December 2023

يمثل فكر الفارابي قاعدة مرجعية مهمّة في دراسة المناهج الفلسفية والعلمية، وجاء هذا البحث ليطرح أهمية المنهج في تأطير البحوث الفلسفية، وذلك من خلال تناول بعض الجزئيات المنهجية عند الفارابي، من باب التذكير والإيعاز إلى ضرورة العودة لدراسة التراث الفلسفي الإسلامي، فهو غني بالأفكار والموضوعات، ويجب ألا نفرط في دراسته في شتى المجالات العلمية، والاستفادة منه؛ لكونه مصدرًا من مصادر الفكر الإسلامي، الذي يتناول علومًا متعددةً، وبمنهجية مختلفة، وبأطروحات معمقة.

يتناول هذا البحث قضية المنهج عند المفكر الفارابي، باعتباره نموذجا يدلَّ على طبيعة المناهج عند مفكري الإسلام، وهي قضية حسّاسة، تنفي أسبقية الغرب الأوربي في هذا المجال، وتؤكد دور الفكر الإسلامي في بناء قاعدة منهجية دقيقة، تُصقَل من خلالها الأفكار، وتُدوَّن بكلّ علمية وتناسق.

جاءت المنهجية العلمية في الفكر الإسلامي متسقة وجامعة ومتكاملة؛ لأنها قائمة على مسألة الاهتمام بالكم والكيف، والمادة والروح، والغاية والسبب، من منطلق روح الدين الإسلامي، فهي منهجية توفيقية قبل كل شيء، غايتها توحيد الاتجاهات البحثية وتماسكها.
دراسة بعض العوامل المؤثرة على السمات الشخصية للتلاميذ الصم (دراسة حالة بمركز الجبل لتأهيل الصم وضعاف السمع بدار الرعاية بمدينة البيضاء)
Authors: الهيتى على السيد إبراهيم
Published: December 2023

عرف الإنسان منذ القدم الصمم، وقد اعتبره مشكلة اجتماعية ونفسية ويجب التعامل معها، وتعتـبر دراسة الشخصية من الموضوعات المهمة، وقد اهتم هذا البحث بدراسة العوامل المؤثرة في السمات الشخصية للتلاميذ المصابين بالصمم، حيث إن المعوقين سمعياً يعانون من مشـكلات تكيفـيه في نموهم الاجتماعي والمهني والعقلي واللغوي والأكاديمي التي تؤثر على شخصـيته.

وقد تبين أن سمة الانطواء وعدم الثقة في الآخرين هي من السمات الغالبة على شخصية التلاميذ الصم كما تبين أن سمة الشك في الآخرين كونها في آخر السلم للسمات الشخصية، فيمكن أن تكون راجعة لسلامة الفطرة لدى هؤلاء التلاميذ الصم وطبيعية حياتهم التي تكون معظمها داخل البيت والاهتمام الزائد من قبل الوالدين والأهل لهم.

وتبين وجود فروق بين الذكور والإناث في سمة الشخصية حيث كانت هذه الفروق لصالح الإناث، ووُجِدَتْ فروق في سمات الشخصية للتلاميذ الصم تعزى لكل من متغير العمر والدخل الأسري والمستوى التعليمي للأب والأم.

ويوصى البحث بالاهتمام بالتلاميذ الصم وتوفير الخدمات النفسية والاجتماعية والمهنية والتعليمية وضرورة أهمية دور الأسرة في التخفيف من الصعوبات التي تواجه التلاميذ الصم والعمل على تثقـيف الأسر بكيفـية التعامل مع أفرادها المصابين بالصمم.
Delayed Cochlear Implantation in Children: A Parental Survey
Authors: Elbabour Faria. M. , Elaugili Areej. S.
Published: December 2023

Background: Untreated childhood hearing loss can adversely affect speech and language development as well as academic, social, emotional, and behavioral development. Early cochlear implantation before the age of 4 years, within the critical period for central auditory development, was found to be crucial in reducing the negative impact of auditory deprivation and appears to provide better outcomes than late implantation.

aim: The aim of this study was to determine the reasons behind late cochlear implantation in children with congenital severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all cases who received cochlear implants at Specialty Surgical Center, Benghazi, Libya between October 2017 and June 2021. Patients' medical records were reviewed and demographic and clinical data were collected. Children with other disabilities, and post-lingual and post-meningitis implantees were excluded from the study. Information about the reasons for the delay in receiving cochlear implants was obtained over the phone from parents whose children underwent cochlear implant surgery beyond the age of 4 years.

Results: A total of 74 children were included, 38 boys and 36 girls. The mean age at implantation was 47 months. Forty-one percent (41%) of children were implanted after 4 years of age. Two-thirds of these children live outside Benghazi. Most of the children had at least one risk factor for hearing loss. The majority of parents reported more than one reason for the delayed implantation.

Conclusion: It is found that parent decision-making for cochlear implantation is difficult and affected by many factors, including their personal beliefs (denial, social stigma and fear of surgery), lack of awareness about the existence of cochlear implant technology, and financial constraints. It is recommended that a national newborn hearing screening program is established for early detection and intervention and cost-effectiveness.
أثر الحوسبة السحابية في تطوير فاعلية وكفاءة نظم المعلومات المحاسبية دراسة لآراء عينة من أعضاء هيئة التدريس والمهنيين من الأكاديميين في ليبيا
Authors: اسميو إسماعيل المهدي محمد
Published: December 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة أثر الحوسبة السحابية في تطوير فاعلية وكفاءة نظم المعلومات المحاسبية، وهي " مفهوم عام يشمل نوعا جديدا من البِنى التحتية، والبرمجيات، التي يتم توفيرها من طرف النظام الذي يخزن المعلومات أو التطبيقات على شبكة الإنترنت بطريقة تسمح للمستخدم الوصول إليها من أي جهاز حاسوب" (مسيخ، 2018، ص 11)، حيث تم اختبار فرضيات الدراسة على (102) عينة عشوائية، لتشمل آراء شرائح وظيفية متباينة من أعضاء هيأة التدريس في الجامعات الليبية، والمهنيين (المحاسبين والمراجعين) الذين يزاولون هذه المهنة من أعضاء هيأة التدريس، حيث تم جمع بيانات هذه الدراسة باستخدام استبانة، توصّل الباحث من خلال النتائج الإحصائية إلى أن التعامل بالنظم الإلكترونية يقود إلى سهولة الأداء وتقليل الوقت، وتساهم تقنية الحوسبة السحابية في زيادة كفاءة أداء المؤسسات، كما تؤثر استخدامات تطبيقات الحوسبة السحابية في تأكيد الفاعلية عند تقديم المعلومات المحاسبة، كما أن استخدام تقنية الحوسبة السحابية في مجال المحاسبة يعد أمرًا مُهمًّا لمجاراة التطورات التقنية المعاصرة، والتقليل من حيّز البناء الكبير لحجم المؤسسات من خلال تقليص حجم وعدد المكاتب؛ لأنها تسمح بالوصول في أي مكان دون التزام الإدارة بمكان محدد، وأصبحت الحوسبة السحابية باعتبارها تقنية أساسية أكثر أهمية مع البيانات الضخمة؛ وذلك لكونها توفر زيادة كبيرة في الإنتاجية وفاعلية من حيث التكلفة للشركات.
إطار مقترح للإفصاحات غير المالية لتقارير الأعمال المتكاملة وفقاً لاحتياجات أصحاب المصالح في ليبيا دراسة استكشافية على فئات متعددة لأصحاب المصالح في ليبيا
Authors: الفضلي خالد زيدان , العريبي خالد عبد القادر , بن مراد فاطمة وئام
Published: December 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى صياغة نموذج مقترح للإفصاحات غير المالية لتقارير الأعمال المتكاملة، وفقاً لاحتياجات أصحاب المصالح في ليبيا، لتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي كطريقة للبحث؛ حيث يعد هذا المنهج مثالي لفهم الجوانب المختلفة للمشكلة قيد الدراسة. كما قامت الدراسة بتجميع بياناتها عن طريق قائمة استبيان وجهت لعدة فئات من أصحاب المصالح في بيئة الأعمال الليبية، تمثلت في المصارف التجارية، المستثمرين، المحللين الماليين، والمراجعين الخارجيين.

وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن متطلبات الإفصاح المقترحة عن المعلومات غير المالية لتقارير الأعمال المتكاملة لاقت قبول غالبية أصحاب المصالح؛ حيث كانت درجة قبول  الإفصاحات غير المالية للمخاطر بنسبة100%، تليها الإفصاحات عن المعلومات غير المالية المتعلقة بالمعلومات عن الشركة متضمنة إدارتها واستراتيجيتها بنسبة91.6%، وجاءت في المرتبة الثالثة الإفصاحات غير المالية المتعلقة بالمعلومات عن الحوكمة بنسبة55.5%، تلتها في المرتبة الرابعة الإفصاحات غير المالية المتعلقة بالمعلومات الاجتماعية بنسبة44.4%، وفي المرتبة الأخيرة جاءت الإفصاحات عن المعلومات غير المالية المتعلقة بالمعلومات البيئية بنسبة بلغت40%. كما توصلت الدراسة بعدم اختلاف درجة قبول بين جميع فئات أصحاب المصالح للإفصاحات المقترحة عن المعلومات غير المالية لتقارير الأعمال المتكاملة. وبما أنه تم قبول عدد33 إفصاح ورفض عدد16 إفصاح؛ إلا أن هذا لا يعني بأنها غير مهمة؛ بل يرجع ذلك إلى عدم المعرفة بها في الممارسة المحاسبية الليبية، خاصة أن الإفصاحات المتعلقة بالحوكمة، الإفصاحات البيئية والاجتماعية يوجد بها ضعف بمعرفة أهميتها، وعدم الإدراك الكافي بها من قبل أصحاب المصالح بالبيئة الليبية.

وأخيرا قدمت الدراسة عدة توصيات من أهمها ضرورة إصدار معيار خاص بالتقارير الأعمال المتكاملة بحيث يناسب الظروف الاقتصادية والاجتماعية، والبيئية في ليبيا، مع الأخذ في الاعتبار تجارب الدول السابقة والتي ألزمت منظماتها بتقارير الأعمال المتكاملة، كما أوصت الدراسة بإجراء المزيد من البحوث في هذا المجال باستخدام منهجيات أخرى؛ قد تسهم في زيادة المعرفة حول هذا الموضوع.
قياس مدى امتثال السلطات المالية الليبية بمتطلبات القيد الزمني للميزانية العامة دراسة تحليلية للاستدامة المالية باستخدام نموذج (BOHN)
Authors: دلعاب أبوبكر خليفة , بو الساكت سليمان شعيب
Published: December 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى قياس مدى تقيد السلطات المالية في ليبيا بشروط القيد الزمني للموازنة العامة خلال الفترة الزمنية (1980-2020). ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم تفعيل تقنية الانحدار الذاتي الخطي الموزع (ARDL) على البيانات السنوية للاقتصاد الليبي. وكشفت النتائج التي تم الوصول إليها إلى وجود علاقة عكسية بين فائض الميزانية العامة والدين العام، فضلاً عن وجود العلاقة نفسها بين الإنفاق الحكومي المؤقت ومؤشر دورة الأعمال، وبين فائض الميزانية العامة، مما يتنافى مع افتراض نموذج (BOHN) حول الاستدامة المالية. وعليه فإن هذه النتيجة تؤكد عدم استدامة السياسة المالية للاقتصاد الليبي خلال فترة الدراسة، بعبارة أخرى، عدم امتثال السلطات المالية في ليبيا بمتطلبات القيد الزمني للموازنة العامة، مما يشير إلى تنامي مستويات الدين العام بالشكل الذي يمكن معه تهديد الملاءة المالية للدولة في الإيفاء بالتزاماتها المالية في المستقبل.
Vaikutteiden ja värien välittäjä
Authors: Paloheimo Maare
Published: December 2023

Nykyisen Saksan itäosassa sijainneesta Reuß-Schleizin ruhtinaskunnasta lähtenyt taideopettaja Ferdinand Fürbringer kulki Itämeren ympäristössä tuhansien kilometrien matkan 1830–1850-luvuilla. Fürbringer oli taitava kehittyvän sanomalehtijulkisuuden hyödyntäjä, joka kiersi 20 vuodessa lähes koko Itämeren ympäri: Keski-Euroopasta Tanskan ja Ruotsin kautta Suomeen ja edelleen Pietariin ja Baltiaan. Tutkin artikkelissani kuka Ferdinand Fürbringer oikeastaan oli, millainen ilmiö hänen opettamansa itämainen tai kiinalainen (pika)maalaus oli omana aikanaan, ja miten taideopettaja päätyi Suomeen. Seuraan taideopettajan jälkiä hänen eri maiden sanomalehdissä julkaisemiensa kymmenien maalauskurssi-ilmoitusten ja lehtien matkustajalistojen avulla. Runsas lehti-ilmoittelu paljastaa Fürbringerin kiertäneen eri kaupungeissa ainakin viisi vuotta ennen saapumistaan Suomeen syksyllä 1842. Aiemmissa vierailukaupungeissaan mainetta saaneen opettajan osaaminen kyseenalaistettiin Helsingissä, minkä jälkeen hänen lehti-ilmoittelunsa hiipui. Taustoitan Fürbringerin matkaa selvittämällä hänen opettamansa maalaustavan suosiota Keski-Euroopassa 1830–1840-luvuilla. Lisäksi liitän kiertelevän taideopettajan ammatin Itämeren alueen maissa vuosisataiseen taiteilijoiden, käsityöläisten ja erikoisammattilaisten liikkuvuuden perinteeseen. Aiempi tutkimus ja aikakauden sanomalehdet vahvistavat 1800-luvun alun Euroopassa liikkuneen työn ja toimeentulon perässä hyvin moninaisen kiertelevien elinkeinonharjoittajien joukon – eri alojen opettajat olivat osa tätä laajaa ilmiötä.
This article focuses on an art teacher Ferdinand Fürbringer who traveled thousands of kilometers around the Baltic Sea between 1837 and 1856. His journey started from the German-speaking area of Europe and went through the Netherlands, Denmark and Sweden before arriving in Finland in 1842. He taught the so called oriental or Chinese painting techniques. The technique, which was said to be easy to learn, became a popular hobby in Europe in the 1830s. I study who Ferdinand Fürbringer actually was, what kind of phenomenon the oriental or Chinese painting technique was and how Fürbringer ended in Finland. Compared to other itinerant art teachers, Fürbringer skillfully used newspaper advertising in order to attract new students to his painting courses. He published dozens of newspaper advertisements during his journey. By studying these advertisements, I have traced his   footsteps until 1856. In addition, evidence of Fürbringer’s journey has been drawn from archival sources and lists of travelers published in newspapers. Based on the consulted – albeit fragmentary – sources, Fürbringer gained good reputation especially in the Netherlands and Sweden. However, his skills were questioned in Helsinki in early 1843 after which he travelled to St Petersburg. The article provides new insights into the phenomenon of itinerant teachers in the Baltic Sea area and especially in Finland and how the newspaper publicity was used by a professional whose trade was based on mobility and good reputation.
Trebiskyite, the First Titanium-Decavanadate Mineral
Authors: Olds Travis A. , Kampf Anthony R. , Hughes John M. , Adams Paul M. , Marty Joe
Published: December 2023

Trebiskyite, Na3Mg2[TiV9O28]·22H2O, from the Pickett Corral mine, Bull Canyon, Montrose County, Colorado, USA, is the first mineral containing essential Ti as a component of a decavanadate polyanion. Crystals are thin prisms or needles up to ∼0.3 mm in length, occurring as individuals and in divergent sprays. Trebiskyite crystals are translucent yellow with vitreous luster and pale-yellow streak and are non-fluorescent under both longwave and shortwave ultraviolet illumination. The crystals exhibit elongation on [001] and are modified by several 0kl prism forms, possibly corresponding to {010}, {011}, and {012}. The Mohs hardness is ca. 2 based on scratch tests. Crystals have brittle tenacity with irregular fracture. No apparent cleavage, nor twinning, was evident, and the mineral is readily soluble in H2O. The density measured by flotation in methylene iodide-toluene mixture is 2.38(2) g/cm3. The calculated density is 2.352 g/cm3 for the empirical formula and 2.343 g/cm3 for the ideal formula. Electron microprobe analyses provided the empirical formula Na3.39Mg1.87V8.75Ti1.25O50H44.00, based on Ti + V = 10 apfu, O = 50 apfu, with the Na content having been determined from the refined crystal structure. Trebiskyite is monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 9.478(4), b = 21.426(11), c = 11.267(5) Å, β = 114.572(7)°, V = 2080.8(13) Å3, Z = 2. The structure was refined from 6642 reflections to a final R1 = 0.0517 for reflections I > 2σ(I). The structural unit of trebiskyite, (TiV9O28)7−, is built from a Ti-substituted decavanadate polyanion, (V10O28)6−, found in other members of the pascoite family. Chemically, trebiskyite is closely related to lasalite, Na2Mg2[V10O28]·20H2O, and huemulite, Na4Mg[V10O28]·24H2O; however, trebiskyite contains a novel structural arrangement that is unique among the decavanadate minerals. The interstitial complex in trebiskyite has the ideal formula {[Na3Mg2(H2O)19](H2O)3} and consists of chains of distorted octahedrally coordinated Na+ and regular Mg[O(H2O)5] octahedra. The observed low incident bond valence to the V1 site (4.45 vu) and marked deviation in vanadyl and V–Oeq bond lengths indicate that this site is host to the essential Ti4+ identified during chemical analyses.
Hansel ile Gretel Masalının Günümüz Sinemasına Yansıtılması Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma
Authors: ÇAVUŞ Kübra
Published: December 2023

Masallar edebiyatın çok önemli bir parçasıdır. Özellikle çocuk edebiyatında ayrı bir öneme sahiptir. Herkesin sevdiği, tekrar tekrar okumaktan veya dinlemekten zevk aldığı bir masal vardır. Uykudan önce çocuklara okutulan masalların zevki çocuk için çok büyüktür. Masalları çocuk üzerinde fiziksel, zihinsel ruhsal, gelişimsel gibi birçok alanda gelişimine katkı sağlamaktadır. Masallar her çocukta farklı izler bırakabilir ve şüphesiz hayal dünyasını geliştirmesi için önem arz eder. Masalların yazılış amacında çocuk olmasa da, çocuklar için masallar vazgeçilmezdir denilebilir. Bu masallar arasında klasikleşmiş olan Grimm Kardeşlerin Hansel ile Gretel adlı masalı gelmektedir. 1812’de Grimm Kardeşler tarafından yazılan masal tüm dünyada çocuklar tarafından sevilerek okunmaktadır. Çocuk edebiyatında dünya klasikleri arasında yerini alan masal birçok esere ilham kaynağı olmuştur.

Çalışmada Hansel ile Gretel adlı masalın günümüz sinemasına uyarlanması üzerine bir karşılaştırma yapılması hedeflenmiştir. 2021 yapımı Sihir Gizli Servisi adlı animasyon filmi ile masal arasındaki farklılıklar ve benzerlikler, metin ile animasyondan yararlanarak incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Daha önceleri de birçok kez beyaz perdeye uyarlanan masal, en son 2002’de çocukların beğenisine sunulmuştur. Çağdaş modern zamanda sinemanın çocukların hayatında etkisi büyüktür. Seyrettikleri animasyon filmler aracılığı ile yeni olgular öğrenirler ve bakış açıları genişler. Bu kapsamda çocuklar dinledikleri masalları sinemada görsel, işitsel ve farklı teknoloji ile algılama şansı bulmakla beraber bakış açılarında değişiklikler ortaya çıkabilir.
Die Lesbarkeit; noch ein weiterer Indikator für DaF-Lehrwerke?
Authors: BAŞARAN Bora
Published: December 2023

Prinzipiell könnte man den Begriff Lesbarkeit grob als die Bewertung von Texten in Richtung „Leserniveau“ durch „Lesbarkeitsformeln“ also als die Fähigkeit oder Unfähigkeit des Lesers, die Texte zu verstehen klassifizieren. Die Lesbarkeit der Texte kann durch eine Vielzahl von Faktoren bestimmt werden, darunter die verwendeten Wörter, die durchschnittliche Anzahl von Silben pro Wort, die Satzstruktur und die Satzlänge. Damit Texte Lesern mit unterschiedlichen Fähigkeiten auf dem richtigen Niveau zugeordnet werden können, ist die Beurteilung der Textlesbarkeit entscheidend. Dieser wissenschaftliche Bereich ist kein Novum und seit den 1940er Jahren ist die Bewertung der Textlesbarkeit ein bedeutendes Forschungsgebiet. Die meisten Studien stammen aus englischsprachigen Ländern und richten sich in erster Linie an das dort ansässige Publikum; sie fokussieren sich daher hauptsächlich auf Personen, deren Muttersprache Englisch ist.

Die Anforderungen und Eigenschaften der Zielleser werden häufig bei der Auswahl der Kriterien zur Messung der Lesbarkeit berücksichtigt. Obwohl die Textverständlichkeit von Fremdsprachelernenden sehr unterschiedlich werden kann, hat die Mehrheit der bisherigen Forschung Lesbarkeitsindizen bewertet, die von Muttersprachlern bestimmt wurden. Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Spracherwerbsraten zwischen fremdsprachlichen und muttersprachlichen Lesern variiert die Betonung von Lesbarkeitsmaßen häufig. Der Lernerfolg der Schüler wird vermutlich stark davon beeinflusst, wie leicht sie Lehrbücher verstehen können. Texte, die komplex zu verstehen sind, werden manchmal als uninteressant angesehen, was es schwierig macht, das Material aufzunehmen und zu lernen.

Diese Studie unternimmt den Versuch, über die üblichen Methoden der Worthäufigkeitsanalyse aus Textkorpora, die als Spiegelbild gängiger Spracherfahrungen gelten, hinauszugehen. Sie experimentiert stattdessen mit dem Einsatz von Lesbarkeitsformeln, um die Textverständlichkeit zu bewerten, in der Hoffnung, dass sich dies positiv auf die Unterrichtseffizienz auswirken könnte. Um dies zu untersuchen, wird ein Lehrbuch zufällig ausgewählt und eine bestimmte Unterrichtseinheit als Fallstudie untersucht, wobei die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse vorgestellt werden.
Didaktisierungsvorschläge für den Einsatz des Films Im Juli (2000) von Fatih Akın im DaF-Unterricht
Authors: SANDER Mehmet Can , ASUTAY Hikmet
Published: December 2023

Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den praktischen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Films von Fatih Akın Im Juli (2000) im fremdsprachlichen Deutschunterricht. Die Zielgruppe der Arbeit besteht aus türkischen Lernern in der Türkei, die sich die deutsche Sprache in schulischen Einrichtungen oder im universitären Kontext aneignen. Zur Verwirklichung der Arbeitsziele wird als Nächstes die Begründung für die Auswahl des Themas gegeben. Danach wird der gegenwärtige Stand der Forschung vorgestellt. Nach der wissenschaftlich-analytischen Auseinandersetzung mit den Filmen von Fatih Akın werden die praktischen Unterrichtsempfehlungen entwickelt. Im Zusammenhang mit den Schlussfolgerungen werden unter anderem Möglichkeiten zur Fortsetzung der Arbeit diskutiert.
Transkültürel İletişim Şekli Olarak Çeviri
Authors: ÖZBENT Sueda
Published: December 2023

İnsanlık tarihi kadar eski olan çeviri etkinliği, farklı dillere ve kültürlere ait olan insanlar arasında iletişimi sağlarken aynı zamanda hem erek dili geliştirmiş hem de kültürel aktarımı gerçekleştirmiştir. Erek kitle çeviriler aracılığıyla farklı bir kültürü tanıma imkanına sahip olduğu kadar dünyaya farklı bakış açılarından bakmayı öğrenir. Okurlar ayrıca farklı dil ve üslup şekilleri ile tanışır. Böylece erek kitle kendi dilini ve kültürünü sorgulayarak her anlamda ufkunu genişletir.

Çeviribilimde 80li yıllarda kültürel paradigmanın (cultural turn) Basnett ve Lefevere tarafından tartışmaya açılmasıyla gerçekleşen dönüşüm ile birlikte çeviribilimde yalnızca kültürlerarası (interkulturell) bakış açısı değil aynı zamanda çevirinin sosyal ve toplumsal bir olgu olduğu gündeme gelmeye başlamıştır. 90’lı yıllarda kültür odaklı yaklaşımların ve çalışmaların yapılmaya başlandığı görülmektedir. Ancak kültürlerarası (interkulturell), çok kültürlülük (multikulturell) ve transkültürel (transkulturell) kavramlarının sosyolojik tartışması bu olguların izdüşümlerinin çeviride de görülmesi ile birlikte çeviriye farklı bir boyut kazandırıp kazandırmadığının araştırılması konusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Bu çalışma Almanca ve Türkçe dil çifti üzerinden çevirinin kültürel boyutunu ele almaya amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca çeviride transkültürel bakış açısının kazanımlarının neler olabileceği irdelenecektir.
Adalet Cimcoz’un Çok Yönlü Kimliğinin Çevirilerine Yansıması
Authors: AKIN Ayla , ŞEVİK Nesrin
Published: December 2023

Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında sanat ve edebiyat dizgesinde oldukça önemli bir yer edinmiş olan Adalet Cimcoz çevirmenlik başta olmak üzere, sanat eleştirmeni, sanat galerisi yöneticisi, köşe yazarı, seslendirme ve dublaj sanatçısı ve dönemin ilk dedikodu yazarı olarak çok kimlikli bir Türk kadını profiliyle karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Renkli yaşamı ve çok kimlikliği genç Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin sinema, tiyatro ve sanat anlayışının gelişmesinde önemli rol oynamıştır. Sanat alanına dublaj ile giriş yapan ve kısa süre içinde aranılan isim olan Cimcoz, 50li yılların sonlarına doğru edebiyat çevirisi yapmaya başlamıştır. F. Kafka, B. Brecht, G. Grass gibi Alman Edebiyatının önde gelen yazarlarının eserlerini Türk okuruyla buluşturmuş ve bu isimleri çevirileri aracılığıyla Türk sanat ve edebiyat dizgesine kazandırmıştır.

Zamanın tanıklarına göre sözlendirme esnasında erek odaklı bir tutum sergileyerek kimseye danışmadan dublaj metnine müdahalelerde bulunan Cimcoz, dilde de yenilikçiliğe önem veren kendine özgü bir üsluba sahip yazar ve sözlendirme sanatçısı olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Çalışmada sözlendirme ve yazar kimliklerine yönelik dile getirilenlerden yola çıkılarak bu iki alanda içselleştirdiği üslupsal özellikleri edebi çevirilerine de yansıtıp yansıtmadığı irdelenecektir. Bu amaçla kendisine 1962 Türk Dil Kurumu Çeviri ödülünü kazandıran Franz Kafka’dan yapmış olduğu Milena’ya Mektuplar (1961) adlı çeviri eserinde izlediği çeviri politikası, çeviri stratejileri ve çok kimlikliğinin bu çeviriye olan etkisi ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılacaktır.
On the subject of new possibilities of convergence of linguistic and non-linguistic environments in the modern educational space
Authors: Орехова И.А. , Мартынова М.А. , Юн Л.Г.
Published: December 2023

В статье исследуются современные методики преподавания русского языка иностранным студентам. Авторы акцентируют внимание на значимости создания виртуальной образовательной среды для имитации погружения в русскоязычный контекст. Статья также рассматривает практику онлайн-обучения в китайских вузах и представляет разработанные инновационные технологические методы обучения.

In the research article «Innovative Approaches in Educating International Non-Philology Students», modern methods of teaching Russian to foreign students are explored. The authors emphasize the importance of creating a virtual educational environment to simulate immersion in a Russian-speaking context. The article also examines the practice of online learning in Chinese universities and introduces newly developed innovative technological teaching methods.
THE WORD OF THE YEAR FROM THE LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL SIDE
Authors: Сперанская А.Н.
Published: December 2023

В разных странах мира выбирают слово года. Эта единица языка репрезентирует доминанту в социокультурном пространстве стран, она маркирует события, наиболее важные для национальной жизни. Через слово года выражаются ценности сообщества. Слова года обладают необходимыми для лингвострановедческого изучения признаками: выражают актуальный смысл, отражают национально-культурную специфику, они общеизвестны и типичны для конкретной лингвокультуры. Синхронный срез на примере 2020 г. показывает, что во внешне похожей ситуации начала коронавирусной пандемии различные страны выбрали в качестве значимого вербального маркера разные слова года. По диахронии на примере слов года Китая можно увидеть, как через слова года проявляется главная ментальная установка современного китайского общества. Изучение слов года в синхронии и диахронии помогает сформировать у обучающихся языковую рефлексию.

In different countries of the world choose the Word of the Year. This unit of language represents the dominant in the socio-cultural space of countries, it marks the events most important for national life. The values of the community are expressed through the Word of the Year. The Words of the Year have the necessary features for linguistic and cultural studies: they express the actual meaning, reflect the national and cultural specifics, they are well-known and typical for a particular linguistic culture. A synchronous cross-section using the example of 2020 shows that in a seemingly similar situation of the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, different countries chose different Words of the Year as a significant verbal marker. By diachrony, using the example of the Words of the Year of China, one can see how the main mental attitude of modern Chinese society manifests itself through the Words of the Year. Studying the Words of the Year in synchrony and diachrony helps to form students' language reflection.
Dynamics of the development of foreign servicemen speech skills from the intermediate to advanced stage of teaching Russian as a foreign language
Authors: Анохина Э.Н. , Павлова Т.С.
Published: December 2023

В статье анализируется динамика развития речевых навыков иностранных военнослужащих на среднем и продвинутом этапах обучения РКИ. Эта динамика – результат регулярного применения технологии критического мышления и проектной технологии. Представлены образцы речевой деятельности обучающихся (эссе на подготовительном курсе и тексты судебного красноречия на основных курсах), демонстрирующие прирост речевых навыков и умений, а также описаны проекты, способствующие этому приросту. Описанные в статье проекты могут быть использованы на занятиях не только в военных, но и в гражданских вузах при изучении РКИ.

The article analyzes the dynamics of the development of speech skills of foreign servicemen at the intermediate and advanced stages of teaching Russian as a foreign language, which is the result of the regular use of critical thinking technology and project technology. The samples of students' speech activity (essays in the preparatory course and texts of judicial eloquence in the main courses) are presented, demonstrating the increase in speech skills and abilities, and projects contributing to this increase are described. The projects described in the article can be used in classes not only in military, but also in civilian universities when learning Russian as a foreign language.
Textual activity as an aspect of the content of modern foreign language education
Authors: Бердичевский А.Л.
Published: December 2023

В статье рассматриваются вопросы текстовой деятельности (ТД), выступающей в качестве содержания современного образования средствами иностранного языка. Дается определение текстовой деятельности. Выделяются ее средства и способы, а также объективные (внешние) и субъективные (внутренние) факторы и условия текстовой деятельности. Подробно рассматривается ее структура. Дается определение текстовой иноязычной ситуации. Проведенный анализ показал, что для осуществления текстовой деятельности необходимо наличие у обучающихся коммуникативно-познавательных навыков и умений владения смысловыми элементами: а) языка общения, в) текста и с) умения оперировать этими смысловыми элементами в ТД в конкретной сфере социальной коммуникации. В заключение предлагается классификация текстов в текстовой деятельности, разделение их на классы, типы, виды и подвиды с целью их применения для обучения иностранному языку.

The article deals with the issues of textual activities (TA), acting as the content of modern education by means of a foreign language. The definition of textual activity is given. Its means and ways, as well as objective (external) and subjective (internal) factors and conditions of text activity are distinguished. Its structure is discussed in detail. The definition of textual foreign language situation is given. The analysis shows that for textual activity students must have com- communicative and cognitive skills and abilities of possession of semantic elements: a) language of communication, c) text and c) ability to operate with these semantic elements in TA in a particular sphere of social communication. In conclusion, we propose a classification of texts in textual activities, their division into classes, types, kinds and subspecies in order to apply them to teaching a foreign language.