bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing portraits
Authors: Goodrich Derrick I
Published: March 2020

The charge given to a nation’s free press in informing the public of the world around them is immense and essential to a functioning democratic society. A free press functions optimally when it operates independent from the constraining influence of powerful entities within its government, thus, allowing it to fulfil its role as an independent check on government action. As events unfold overseas, papers fill various columns with what is deemed “newsworthy.” If and how these unfolding events are reported back to the public carries tremendous weight in helping to form public opinion that either supports, opposes, or remains indifferent to the policy that governments implement abroad. The boardrooms of a nation’s leading news outlets are filled with individuals who also possess the ability to significantly counter or reinforce government claims concerning the relevance, consequences, or threats encompassed within overseas developments; from their leading headlines splashed across page one to the very wording used to depict a particular event. These abilities, when combined, allow a nation’s media to exert substantial influence on constraining or expanding decision-making options for policymakers who wish to garner public support or avoid potential public backlash. This paper will examine how this influence was exercised within U.S. society and its three leading news sources (The New York Times, Washington Post, and Chicago Tribune) in the reporting of four significant events: the 1960 Sharpeville Massacre in apartheid South Africa, the 1975 Indonesian invasion of East Timor, the Kwangju Massacre of 1980 in South Korea, and the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The goal of this paper is to recount the historic role the U.S. media has played in its telling of developing international events, and determine whether it has fulfilled its duty to inform the public with the impartiality it lays claim to or whether, at times, it simply mirrors the foreign policy agenda of a particular administration and operates in a manner as to ensure its successful implementation.
Does pragmatism always work?
Authors: West Rachel
Published: March 2020

As with any country, the political objectives of Australian foreign policy are based on Australian national values. Yet, because such values are inherently based on governmental interpretation, political leanings have created legitimate differences in the objectives pursued in Australian foreign policy over time. This article will explore these differences through Australia’s position as a Western, liberal democracy located in the Asia-Pacific. This will be done by examining Australia’s relations with those countries which represent the convergence of the Asia-Pacific’s most significant economic, strategic, and political links – Northeast Asia. What will be apparent is that, while determined in its resolve, the political objectives pursued by the current Howard government have proved to be both contentious and potentially damaging to Australia’s standing in the region.
Peculiarities of Reconstructing Russian Rhyme in English Translations
Authors: Sycheva Anastasia V.
Published: March 2020

The article deals with the problem of preserving the rhyme traditional for Russian poetry in translations into English. A brief analysis of Russian and foreign linguists’ works on the theory and practice of poetic translation shows that rhyme in English poetry does not play such a significant role as it does in Russian poetry. Opinions of English-speaking readers coincide with the opinion of translators. However, adequate versions of Russian poems in English with preservation of rhymes of original verses are the preferred type of poetic translation. The article deals with the problem of preserving the rhyme, characteristic of Russian poetry, in translations into English. The purpose of this scientific research is to conduct a brief analysis of the works of Russian and foreign linguists on the theory and practice of poetic translation to reveal the role and significance of the category of rhyme in English and Russian poetry. The author pays special attention to the opinion of translators of Russian poetry into English and English-speaking readers of translated Russian lyrics in the context of preserving rhyme or deviation from it. As a result of the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that rhyme does not play such a significant role for foreign linguists and translators as it does for their Russian-speaking counterparts. A more attractive form of poetry for them is vers libre. Consequently, the issues of rhyme reproduction for English translators are not of paramount importance. The main emphasis is on the meaning of the translated text, not its form. Opinions of English-speaking readers coincide with the opinion of translators. In addition, the article presents summary information of the conducted comparative linguistic analysis of 275 poems by B. Okudzhava and their originals. The analysis shows that in percentage terms the number of rhymed translations from the total number of translated texts is about 40%. However, the overwhelming number of English translations of poems Okudzhava - about 60% - belongs to unrhymed translations. Nevertheless, the author of the article emphasizes the need to preserve rhyme in translations as an integral part of the Russian classical verse and believes that adequate versions of Russian poems in English with preservation of original rhyme are the preferred type of poetic translation.
The Bottle Inscribed with “X”, or Search for the Unknown in Alisa Ganieva’s Novel “The Groom and the Bride”
Authors: Shafranskaya Eleonora F.
Published: March 2020

The plot of Alisa Ganieva’s novel “The Groom and the Bride” is built around the expected and failed wedding. given against the background of everyday Russian-speaking non-Russian life. The article considers a narrative series woven from Quranic and Sufi images and motifs which can be considered as one of the intrigues of the novel. The author of the article tries to “decipher” the Muslim subtext of the novel, which, presumably, is not accidental. In particular, the mythopoetics of the image of Khalilbek is examined, perforating for all texts of Alisa Ganieva (“Salam, Dalgat”, “Shaitans”, etc.), whose roots lead to the Quranic metatext, namely to the image of Khidr (or Khizir-Bobo). Whether the writer’s intention coincides with the reader’s perception is argued by the author of the article.
Prática docente em Ciências naturais no EF: caracterização e recursos didáticos
Authors: Veloso Caio , Mendes Sobrinho José Augusto De Carvalho
Published: March 2020

O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar a prática docente em ciências naturais para os anos finais do ensino fundamental, bem como discutir a utilização dos recursos didáticos nas aulas de ciências. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva que envolveu dez professores de ciências naturais que atuam nos anos finais do ensino fundamental, em cinco escolas públicas de Teresina-PI. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas. O texto direciona para uma análise da prática docente em ciências naturais na contemporaneidade e evidencia que, apesar dos constantes avanços da ciência e da tecnologia, o ensino de ciências permanece, muitas vezes, restrito a aulas expositivas com o uso em demasia do livro didático.
A educação da pessoa com deficiência visual
Authors: Trecino Tânia Mara , Caron Lurdes
Published: March 2020

Este artigo objetiva desenvolver reflexão sobre a educação da pessoa com deficiência visual. Trata-se de pesquisa em fontes bibliográficas e em documentos a partir de autores que refletem sobre a questão. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica descreve-se a história da educação de pessoa com deficiência visual; a caracterização e o reconhecimento da deficiência visual, bem como o desenvolvimento visual e aprendizagem e os recursos ópticos. Espera-se estar contribuindo para a inclusão escolar e a aprendizagem de deficientes visuais.
Participação e colegialidade na política democrática: o caso do Instituto de Aplicação Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira (CAp/UERJ)
Authors: Castro Marcela Moraes , Bittencourt Bethânia , Assis Caroline Domingues da Silva Teles , Goulart Janaina Moreira de Oliveira
Published: March 2020

Discute-se a participação como condição da democracia da Associação de Pais e Professores (APP) pertencente ao Instituto de Aplicação Fernando Rodrigues da Silveira, colégio estadual da Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, no contexto da não oferta de alimentação escolar, instituída a obrigatoriedade pela Lei n° 11.947/2009. São analisados pontos de tensão produzidos pela situação em mensagens eletrônicas do grupo da APP. O ciclo de políticas permite entender a articulação da demanda para legitimá-la no Legislativo. Conclui-se que o cenário político indica a oferta de merenda fria sem garantir a Lei.
The Machine in the Garden in the 21st Century
Authors: Dougherty Stephen
Published: March 2020

In this essay I will suggest Leo Marx’s debt to a style of thinking about technology which cuts against the grain of the liberal humanism and liberal progressive ideology that informs his writing. This style of thinking, associated with the word technicity, underscores the intimacy of our relation to technology. The Machine in the Garden insists that technology is a crucial aspect of our human nature—it encourages us to see that nature is inseparable from our technological condition. In this sense, the machine and the garden are confounded in Marx’s book. The book’s key themes and conflicts short-circuit the mission to promote the liberal individualist illusion of escape from the shaping forces of history. What we can begin to glean in The Machine in the Garden is that there is no place for a transcendence that guarantees the “naturalness” of nature, or the romantic integrity of the self. There is only the world—an increasingly technologically mediated world—which on the one hand creates the very means for our access to nature, and on the other hand, dispels the very ‘Nature’ it reveals through an inevitable process of contamination across the nature/culture divide.
In orbit: Roberto Bolaño
Authors: Mahmutovic Adnan , Jónsson Friðrik Sólnes
Published: March 2020

Chilean author Roberto Bolaño (1953-2003) has achieved considerable critical and commercial success among a global English readership. Breaking into the US market, which has an important mediating role for the international circulation of texts, is a rare feat for a non-Anglophone author and requires some explanation. This paper looks at the rise of Bolaño in terms of major theories on world literature. We find that his success fits into a combination of explanatory models (Casanova, Moretti, Thomsen), but it also reveals interesting mismatches and problematic aspects that show a need to update existing theories. Our analysis, which focuses on the treatment of Bolaño in the American market, shows a great need for transnational forms of analysis across linguistic barriers.
Returning to the Old Country: Bill Holm’s Quest for an Icelandic-American Identity
Authors: Gulliksen Øyvind T.
Published: March 2020

This article focuses on the Icelandic-American identity of Bill Holm (1943–2009), American poet and essayist. It explores the twofold identity of an American writer, who was a grandson and a great-grandson of immigrants in the Upper Midwest. Writing from his background in rural and small-town Minnesota, and from his return trips to Iceland, Bill Holm developed what historian Jon Gjerde (1953–2008) referred to as a “complementary identity.” Holm was especially interested in the farmer-poet and worker-intellectual, both in his local Icelandic-American community and in Iceland. As an Icelandic-American writer, Holm had the benefit of using his knowledge of, and his extensive reading of, both Icelandic and American literature in his own experiences and his writing. Both Snorri Sturluson and Walt Whitman providedhim with a useful past.
Professor Henry Wasser and the Henry Wasser Travel Grant for Ph.D. and MA Students in NAAS
Authors: Øverland Orm
Published: March 2020

Thanks to the generosity of Solidelle Fortier Wasser and her son Professor Frederick Wasser NAAS now has a travel grant named for their husband and father, Professor Henry Wasser, for the participation of PhD and MA students in our national and Nordic conferences. Although dearly remembered by Norwegian Americanists of my generation, Henry Wasser may need an introduction to my younger colleagues in NAAS. The following is a brief outline of his participation in and contribution to American Studies in Norway in the early 1960s as well as a note on the continued involvement of the Wasser family in American Studies in the Nordic countries.
“He Mought, en Den Again He Moughtent”: The Ambiguous Man in Toni Morrison’s Tar Baby
Authors: Kolehmainen Tuula
Published: March 2020

In this article, I discuss Toni Morrison’s 1981 novel, Tar Baby, through the lens of a trickster tale on which the novel is loosely based. Tar Baby invites one to choose sides between Jadine, the African American female protagonist with a European education and worldviews, or Son, the bearer of a more traditional African American cultural heritage and values. Son is initially constructed as other, and his representation is based on negative stereotypical notions of the African American male. First impressions need to be revised later, as the text plays with the readers’ sympathies about Son. Even his survival is left open at the end of the novel and the range of options of how to categorize Son would seem to reflect the readers’ perceptions back on themselves. In this way, Morrison sets up a trap in which any reader making too easy or essentialist definitions of the character will fall. Thus, the most important expression of the trickster tale is the novel’s name: the novel itself is the tar baby. Moreover, the most important construction of tar lies in the ambiguous representation of Son.
Race War Flares Up: Chicago’s Swedish Press, the Great Migration, and the 1919 Riots
Authors: Björk Ulf Jonas
Published: March 2020

This study of the three large Swedish-language weeklies in Chicago examines how they covered the city’s African-American community during the latter half of the 1910s, a time when blacks migrated to the North in huge numbers. In Chicago, the result was that the African-American population almost tripled between 1910 and 1920. Little of that was visible in the columns of the weeklies, however, with only a handful of items telling readers that blacks were arriving in record numbers. What news there was about African-Americans, moreover, tended to portray them as criminals. Consequently, the riots that shook Chicago in late July 1919 seemed to take the editors of the weeklies by surprise. A major explanation for the Swedish weeklies’ coverage was that they relied almost exclusively on the city’s English-language dailies for news that did not concern their own ethnic group and thus mirrored the negative way the dailies portrayed African-Americans.
The Wire and the Disenchantment of the Outsider
Authors: Jensen Mikkel
Published: March 2020

This article is a contextualist reading of the television serial The Wire (2002-2008). Drawing on Grace Hale’s A Nation of Outsiders (2011), this article examines the tension between how the paratexts of The Wire embrace an outsider rhetoric while the serial itself tries to dero-manticize the trope of the outsider. The article argues that the producers of the serial embrace an outsider rhetoric in an effort to gain legitimacy for themselves which is at odds with how the serial debunks the charisma of the outsider. This deromanticization of the outsider is an important part of the serial’s politics as this is a part of The Wire’s “sociological gaze.” The Wire is shown not to accept the notion of a free space beyond the restrictions of contemporary society that the romance of the outsider depends on.
ENGLISH FOR TOURISM LECTURES BECOME MORE CREATIVE WITH MODIFIED CONCEPTS OF CTL (CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING)
Authors: Kristiana Vera , Ningsih Ayu Melati
Published: March 2020

This research examined the modification of the concept of CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) in English for Tourism lectures in English literature studies at the Muslim Nusantara Al-Washliyah University, Medan. English For Tourism lectures involved theoretical and practical training in their implementation. One important theory taught to students was about how to communicate well and correctly in the world of tourism. Students often experienced difficulties in communicating and understanding various very diverse cultures in Indonesia in particular and in foreign countries in general. Language and culture learning not only provided an understanding of the definition but students were required to be able to find their own knowledge. Lecturers must have concepts that spur students to be able to think critically and creatively. One of the appropriate learning concepts for teaching English for Tourism courses was the concept of CTL (Contextual Teaching And Learning). The concept made it easier for students to understand all the theories that were conveyed during the lecture. CTL made innovative, creative and effective learning. CTL modification in English for Tourism lectures could make lectures more creative, and require students to think more critically. This meant they were encouraged to connect between the materials taught with everyday life in the world of tourism. Keywords:  Modification, CTL, English for Tourism
PICTO TEXTUAL GLOSSES IN TEACHING VOCABULARY
Authors: Nurwulan Anita Fitria , Sobari Sobari
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research is to know english vocabulary mastery incresed by using picto textual glossesin every meeting in class. The object of this research is 8th grade students in Mutiara 1 junior high school. the main focus in teaching english is to improving students english vocabulary mastery . By improving vocabulary mastery, students will be improving english material easier. The data in this research come from interaction between teacher and students in learning process and it is as students learning activity in the class. the research instruments used test questions.The method of data collecting of the resarch is by using pretest-treatment-postest in the class.  Based on pre test and post test, they showed some improvement on process of get new vocabulary from learning with that method. . The result or the conclusion can be got from the resarch by using picto textual glosses method, data from pre test and post test showed that there were some benefits of picto textual glosses method: 1. Develop of students’ memory ability to increasing vocabulary, 2. Having a fun learning situation. The data showed HI is accepted, because Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) worth 0,000. because the value of  0,000 is smaller; of, <0.05. Keywords:  Vocabulary, Vocabulary mastery, Picto textual glosses, SMP Mutiara I, 8th grade.
THE ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN THE LYRIC OF AWAKEN BY MAHER ZAIN
Authors: Nuraeni Syifa , Ismail Taufik , Kareviati Evie
Published: March 2020

Figurative language is a part of semantic. This research analyzed the figurative language used in the lyric of Awaken by Maher Zain. The aims of this research are to figure out the figurative languages used in the lyric of Awaken  and to analyze the contextual meaning of figurative language used in that song lyric. It is expected the result of this research will be useful for the reader especially in describing what figurative language is and what kinds of figurative language are. The design of this research is descriptive qualitative research. The lyrics of song is got from kapanlagi.com entitle Awaken. The result found that there are some kinds of figurative language used in Maher Zain’s song entitle Awaken, such as hyperbole, rhetoric, repetition and personification. The contextual meaning of each figurative language is also clarified. The conclusion of this research is there are some kinds of figurative language use by Maher Zain in his song entitle Awaken.
IMPROVING READING SKILL OF PROCEDURE TEXT TROUGH PICTURE WALK
Authors: Solihah Ai , Rustandi Ari
Published: March 2020

This study has a purpose at improving the reading skill in the topic “Procedure Text” of the students through Picture Walk. This research was a classroom action research conducted in two cycles, consisting of plan, implementation, observation or evaluation and reflection. The subjects of this study were 30 students of class VII A SMP Putra Juang Cianjur. There were 14 boys and 16 girls. The result of data analysis of the mean score of the first cycle was 67. Meanwhile, the mean score of the second cycle was 94.3. From the data, it can be said that the result of learning reading skill in the material “Procedure text using picture walk” in cycle I to cycle II has improved by 27.3. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion it can be concluded that the result of learning Reading Skill in the material “Procedure Text using Picture Walk”  can be improving Reading Skill on the students of class VII A SMP Putra Juang. It is recommended for English teachers to apply Reading skill using Picture Walk because it can improve the students’ achievement on Reading skill. Keywords:  Reading, procedure text, picture walk
TEACHER’S PERSPECTIVE AND PROBLEM TOWARD THE SYLLABUS CONTENT IN CURRICULUM 2013
Authors: Fitriani Silvi , Sopian Rian , Suryani Lilis
Published: March 2020

The curriculum in Indonesia has been adjusted overtime. It is based on the world trends demanding the curriculum be sensible for those. One of the curriculum component, the syllabus, also changes its component and content in order to support the curriculum. There are some issues in the implementation of curriculum regarding to syllabus such as different content of the syllabus, new aims of syllabus development, and the time allocation. This study is conducted in order to investigate the real teacher’s perspectives and problems toward the implementation of syllabus in Curriculum 2013. Qualitative descriptive method was used to obtain certain information. The data are gained through interview activities in order to analyze teacher’s perspective and problem occurred in syllabus. The result show that teachers have ability to recognize the syllabus required and analyze the needs for the content of syllabus. However, the setting of time allocation which is only two hours in a week did not synchroniye with the syllabus content and government preparation. All in all, this study would be eligible to provide some perspectives in syllabus content development.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF JIGSAW METHOD IN TEACHING SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Authors: Solihat Anisa , Syahrizal Trisnendri
Published: March 2020

This research used descriptive qualitative. The writer used tenth-grade Hotel Accomodation’s students of SMK Dwi Putra Sindangkerta as a subject research. In the process of English enrolling, the writer found out the problem on the subject in grammar, especially simple present tense. This skill is a structure that often used in daily conversation. But the students has more difficulties in enrolling simple present tense while it is very important to enroll because it can help them when they meet the foreign guest in the hotel later. We teach simple present tense easier using any method. One of them is the jigsaw method. This method often used more teacher in Indonesia because of this method easy to implement it.  Thus, the writer researches the student to teach simple present tense to implement jigsaw method in other to understand easier by them. The writer applies jigsaw in some steps; they are pre-activity, divided into groups, the group leader selection, group reviewion activity, submitted an assignment, and evaluation. Teaching simple present tense used jigsaw can make a enrolling effectively, and it is improving students motivation to enroll simple present tense. Keywords:  AKP’s Students, Simple Present Tense, Jigsaw Method
THE ANALYSIS OF LITERAL TRANSLATION METHOD ENGLISH INTO INDONESIAN IN SHORT STORY ENTITLED “MERCURY AND THE CARPENTER”
Authors: Mutaqin Nuraeni , Sulistyawati Wati , Rahmat Agus
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research is to know whether there are literal translation method used in the short story entitled Mercury and the Carpenter or not. This study used qualitativee descriptive research. The source of this research used document of short story entitled “Mercury and the Carpenter” either in English or Indonesian written by Sergius Lesky. As for the limitation, this research is only analyzing about method of literal translation. In collecting data, the researhcer read the short story both in English and Indonesian, then analyzed the method of literal transation. In analyzing data, the researcher used the method of document analyzing with taxonomy analysis, in the other word, the researcher classified the data into the method of literal translation. Based on the data analysis “Mercury and the Carpenter”, the researcher had founded 8 data of Literal translation method.Keywords:  Translation, Method, and Short Story.
USING FLASH CARDS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY
Authors: Atmaja Aisyah Siti Khasanah , Sonia Gina
Published: March 2020

Vocabulary is one of an important thing in English learning that cannot be delivered by people. For get a good ability in listening, speaking, reading and writing, people should be mastering a vocabulary. That is the reason why vocabulary is crucial in language learning and when the researcher establish that vocabulary mastery of Junior High School are less. Then, teaching vocabulary using flashcard chosen as the theme of this classroom action research. The sample of this research was seven grade of junior high school in Katapang. The researcher presented the result and the analysis of data collected that consist of cycle 1 and cycle 2. Each cycle of the research consist of planning, acting, observing and reflecting activities. In the research, there are some steps before cycle 1 and cycle 2, there are observation and pre-test. The last steps after cycle 1 and cycle 2 are post-test. In the pre-test the researcher used the convensional method. Most of students not active and enthusiasm in the lesson in cycle 1.But, when the researcher used flashcard, the student more active and interest. It could be seen in mean score of the post-test in cycle 1, that is 79.50. After that, in th cycle 2, the mean score was 87.50. It was higher that pre-test. Finally, from the researcher explanation concluded based on the qualitative data that consist of pre-test until post-test, that flashcard could advance the students vocabulary.
COMPARISON BETWEEN COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHODS AND PROBLEM BASED LEARNING USING PERSONAL LETTER IN TEACHING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING AT SMA SEBELAS MARET BANDUNG
Authors: Verawati Verawati , Kuswandi Wawan
Published: March 2020

The paper explains about the comparison between cooperative learning methods and problem based learning using personal letter in teaching students’ ability in writing skill. Experiment study at SMA Sebelas Maret Bandung. The method of this research is experiment quasi concerning experiment class was given learning treatment by using cocoperative learning methods meanwhile control class was given learning by using problem based learning. Student ability in writing sklill is measure by questionnaire or test. Result of the research peove that student ability in writing who teach by cooperative learning methods same as the student who teach problem based learning. The T’test means that the null hypothesis accepted, there is no difference in the ability of the initial writing of the experimental class and the control class. Some difficulties of students; lack of vocabulary, can’t write content is well, hard to understand the topic, hard to answer the question, and still nervous during discussion. To solve the problems like that the teacher can be a solution. Keywords:  Cooperative Learning Methods, Problem Based Learning, Writing
Entamoeba sp. infection in a bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)
Authors: Schwartz Diana , Ali Ibne , Roy Shantanu , Pohlman Lisa , Kastl Brandy , Eshar David
Published: March 2020

A 3-year-old, male intact, pet inland bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) presented with a history of diarrhea, progressive inappetence and weight loss. A palpable cranial celomic mass was identified on physical examination and confirmed to be hepatic in origin by celomic ultrasonography. Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities were mild and consistent with inflammation, regenerative anemia, and hepatocellular injury. Fine needle aspiration of the liver masses was suggestive of amoebiasis and the patient was humanely euthanized. PCR and Sanger DNA sequencing of liver aspirates were supportive of Entamoeba infection, although definitive speciation was not possible. Pathogenic amoebiasis due to infection by E. invadens has been reported in a wide range of reptiles and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in these species.
The importance of physical treatment in children underwent craniosynostosis surgery in the first year of life
Authors: Pavicevic Danijela , Milosevic Jelena , Petrovic-Markovic Ivana , Milenkovic Zoran , Parezanovic-Ilic Katarina
Published: March 2020

Background/Aim. Craniosynostosis is a condition that occurs intrauterine or develops in the infant period, and represents premature fusion of cranial sutures. This fusion of sutures limits the normal cranium development and leads to disorder in the phase of rapid growth and development of the brain. Creation of craniosynostoses is associated with an increased incidence of developmental delay during the breastfeeding period. Craniosynostoses are treated by surgery. The role of a physiatrist is to postoperatively assess psychomotor development and implement habilitation treatment. The aim of this study was to determine distribution of the type of craniosynostoses according to the age and gender of patients, effectiveness of habilitation treatment and to estimate the somatosensory evoked potential in the preoperative and postoperative period in children who underwent craniosynostosis surgery in the first year of life. Methods. The study was designed as a retrospective research. The data were collected from medical records of 51 children with craniosynostoses and delay in psychomotor development who underwent surgical intervention. The children included in this study, during follow-up, were involved in the habilitation treatment. Results. An early diagnosis and surgical intervention had a favorable effect on the development of motor function in children with craniosynostoses. The importance of stimulation treatment in the postoperative period was also proved for achievement of an adequate degree of motor development in children in relation to age. The results of our study confirmed the results obtained in previously published studies that the children who did not undergo surgery and start with the habilitation treatment immediately after it, had delay in psychomotor development of moderate degree. Conclusion. Habilitation treatment significantly reduced the deviations in psychomotor development of children with craniosynostoses if it started immediately after the surgical procedure.
Contact sensitization in patients with chronic venous insufficiency and the impact of the disease duration on the risk of occurrence of contact sensitization
Authors: Vujanovic Ljuba , Jovanovic Marina , Matic Milan , Jakovljevic Sanja , Golusin Zoran
Published: March 2020

Background/Aim. Development of allergic contact der-matitis as a complication of treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is well known. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and risk of eczematous contact sensitization in patients with CVI, as well as the correlation between disease duration and contact sensitization. Methods. The study involved 266 subjects examined during three-year-period who were divided into two groups: the study group included patients with CVI referred for allergy testing due to suspected contact dermatitis, and the control group included the ones without CVI patch tested for suspected contact dermatitis. The severity of CVI was assessed by Clinical Etiology-Anatomy-Pathophysiology (CEAP) classification. Thereafter, each patient underwent patch testing. Results. The incidence of contact sensitization among patients with CVI was 49.3%. In these patients, the incidence of contact sensitization to the European standard battery of allergens was 31.55%; to the battery specific for CVI it was 28.45%. Patients with CVI had a 2.45-fold higher risk for developing contact sensitization to two or more allergens, and a 3.69-fold higher risk for developing contact sensitization to five or more allergens compared to those without CVI. The prevalence of contact sensitization in patients with CVI was not significantly different from those without CVI. There was a positive correlation between the incidence of contact sensitization and the duration of the disease. Conclusion. Patients with CVI had no statistically significantly distinct contact sensitization prevalence and had 2.45 and 3.69 times higher risk to manifest contact sensitization to two and more allergens and five and more allergens, respectively, than patients with no CVI. The positive correlation between frequency of contact sensitization and disease duration was found.
Predictive value of the specific radiographic signs at panoramic radiography indicating possible close relationship of posterior teeth and surrounding anatomical structures: A CBCT study
Authors: Djordjevic Aleksandar , Todic Jelena , Arsic Zoran , Ilic Aleksandra , Jovanovic Radovan , Vlahovic Zoran
Published: March 2020

Background/Aim. In planning the extraction of posterior teeth, it is necessary to determine their position and correlation with the surrounding anatomical structures. The aim of this study was to perform Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) analysis in order to evaluate the predictive value of specific orthopantomography (OPT) radiographic signs in determining the proximity of posterior upper teeth to the maxillary sinus and lower teeth to the mandibular canal. Methods. In a prospective study, 460 cases out of 423 patients were analyzed. Seven OPT radiographic signs were assessed to determine the correlation of the third molars to the mandibular canal, while five radiographic signs were followed to determine the correlation of the maxillary sinus floor to the upper posterior teeth. For each OPT radiographic sign, a precise analysis of the axial slices of the CBCT was performed. Results. Interruption of the white line is a radiographic sign showing statistically significant interruption of the integrity of the mandibular canal on the CBCT axial slices (p = 0.002). Also, diversion of the inferior alveolar canal at the axial sections showed statistically significant interruption of the continuity of the mandibular canal (p = 0.003). A radiographic sign, Darkening of the root, showed super-imposition of the anatomical structures, a close relationship with the tooth but often with preserved mandibular canal integrity (p < 0.001). Absence of lamina dura, interruption of the maxillary sinus floor's cortex, and projection of the root apices in the sinus cavity were radiographic signs that were statistically the most commonly associated with interruption of maxillary sinus integrity on CBCT axial slices (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The results of our study indicate that the presence of certain radiographic signs on the OPT may have predictive significance. The exact relationship between anatomical structures and posterior teeth cannot be accurately estimated on OPT. The precise position of the molars and correlation to the mandibular canal and the maxillary sinus can be accurately determined by CBCT imaging.
Dalit Women Writings: Breaking the stereotypical annotations of “being an untouchable”
Authors: Sharma Anuradha
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Indian women writers have established a permanent place in the arena of literature, because they have written with a woman’s point of view and have not imitated the established and stereotypical manners of writing. Most of the earlier Indian women autobiographies are written by educated, high-caste and rich women, especially queens and princess. However in their writings they have not glorified their riches instead have written about the social practices committed on women of their times and thus have expressed a genuine female experience.The Autobiography of an Indian Princess (1921) is one of the earliest writings by an Indian woman. Sunetee Devi (1864-1932), a daughter of Brahma follower Keshav Chandra Sen, who became the Maharani of Cooch Behar, lost her husband early in life. The book is a stepping stone in the realm of Indian women autobiographies as it depicts the inner feelings of most of the Indian women of 19th and 20th century. Another remarkable woman autobiography is India Calling (1934) by Cornelia Sorabji (1866-1954). It is the autobiography of India’s first woman lawyer, who raged a struggle against the suppression of women. Sorabji belonged to Parsi-Christian family. She was inspired to choose her job by observing the plight of women who visited her mother. Her book depicts the gender discrimination encountered by her not only in India but also in England where she went to study
Power System Stability Study on Multi Machine Systems having DFIG Based Wind Generation System
Authors: Meher Pramod Kumar , Upadhyay Mrs. Madhu
Published: March 2020

Power system stability is related to principles of rotational motion and the swing equation governing the electromechanical dynamic behavior. In the special case of two finite machines the equal area criterion of stability can be used to calculate the critical clearing angle on the power system, it is necessary to maintain synchronism, otherwise a standard of service to the consumers will not be achieved. With the increasing penetration of doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs), the impact of the DFIG on transient stability attracts great attention. Transient stability is largely dominated by generator types in the power system, and the dynamic characteristics of DFIG wind turbines are different from that of the synchronous generators in the conventional power plants. The analysis of the transient stability on DFIG integrated power systems has become a very important issue. This paper is a review of three types of stability condition. The first type of stability, steady state stability explains the maximum steady state power and the power angle diagram. There are several methods to improve system stability in which some methods are explained.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL WORK ON PRODUCING OFFSPRING AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PURE SPECIES (WHITE STURGEON, FRINGEBARBEL STURGEON) AND THEIR INTERSPECIES HYBRIDS (WHITE STURGEON × FRINGEBARBEL STURGEON AND FRINGEBARBEL STURGEON × WHITE STURGEON)
Authors: Yakovleva Ekaterina , Shevchenko Valentina , Gnucheva Vera
Published: March 2020

The article presents the comparative results of the experimental work on studying valuable pure species offspring (white sturgeon, fringebarbel sturgeon) and their interspecies hybrid forms (white sturgeon × fringebarbel sturgeon and fringebarbel sturgeon × white sturgeon) in the early stages of ontogenesis. The tests were carried out in the research and experimental base BIOS (the Astrakhan region) in 2019. The fish-breeding and biological characteristics of the producers of parental species that participated in the crossing to produce reciprocal hybrid forms are presented. The interbreeding scheme was developed. The complex study was conducted at the stage of the early ontogenesis. Observing over eggs development took place at all significant stages of embryogenesis. The survival rates of one-day prolarvae of all experimental groups, in relation to the eggs laid for the incubation, and their weight data became the result of the experiment. The results of the experimental work will help to develop proposals for the exploitation of broodstock producers of pure sturgeon species to produce hybrid offspring, which may have increased growth and survival rates both at the stages of embryogenesis and the active feeding of larvae, and during juveniles rearing, which is a promising factor for commercial aquaculture.
Characteristics of biology of goldfish Carassius auratus (L.) in small rivers of the Kuibyshevsky water reservoir basin
Authors: Kuznetsov Vjatscheslav , Kuznetsov Vladimir
Published: March 2020

The article touches upon the problems of breeding goldfish Carassius Auratus (L.), abundance of juveniles, size and age composition of the catches and the growth of this species in small rivers (for example, the Kazanka River and the lower reaches of the Sviyaga River) in terms of stocking the Kuibyshev Reservoir by goldfish. It has been stated that the process of stocking small rivers with goldfish has much in common with that in the reservoir. Spawning in the Kazanka in 2016 proceeded in two stages, and the gonads contained the roe of 2 portions. The first mass spawning took place from 11 to 20 May, and the second spawning – from 11 to 20 June. Macrophytes, driftwood and washed away roots of trees served as substrate for spawning. During the reproduction period of the species in the river the proportion of females made 75.0%, males - 25.0%. In the lower reaches of the Sviyaga in the period of 1998-2001 the proportion of males in catches made 26.1-65.7%. The maximum number of goldfish larvae and fingerlings in the lower reaches of the Sviyaga was observed in 2007-2009 and in 2014. These years had a similar regime of water level, but different temperature conditions in the spring period. Males in the catches had smaller sizes and body weight, compared with females. In the Kazanka in 2013-2016 the average body length of females in catches ranged within 16.7-23.8 cm, and males – within 15.9-20.6 cm. The age composition of goldfish in the river in 2013 consisted of 4-8 summer fish of 2006-2008 generations. Among them prevailed individuals at the age of 6 (53.1%) of the 2006 generation. In 2014-2016 in the catches there were fish aged 6-9 years old, although there were individuals up to 15 years old. The body length of the similar aged individuals of both sexes was not significantly different. Student criterion between both sexes at different ages ranged from 0.06 to 0.84. Growth of individuals of different generations in 2007-2010 also did not differ reliably. Thus, the average body size of 6- year-old fish of these generations ranged from 17.7 to 18.1 cm. The growth of goldfish in different reaches of the Kuibyshev Reservoir was higher than in the Kazanka, but Fulton fatness coefficient in the river was lower. The average values of the fatness coefficient ranged from 3.24 to 3.63 in the river, and in the reservoir reaches they are from 2.93 to 3.07.
Time-based method for determining fish abundance in fishing rivers
Authors: Kulikov Evgeniy Vyacheslavovich , Kadimov Erbolat Latifovic , Isbekov Kuanysh Baibulatovich , Asylbekova Saule Zhangirovna
Published: March 2020

The article touches upon the problem of the rational use of fish stocks in fishing water bodies, which implies using modern accounting methods for fish abundance and fish stocks. To this end, instrumental surveys are carried out. In the fishing rivers of Kazakhstan (the Zhayik and Kigash Rivers) there was previously used the biostatistical method of accounting based on data from fishing statistics. The statistical data have recently become unreliable, since they do not take into account the illegal, unregulated and unreported catch. Instead of the biostatistical method, it has been proposed to use the time-based method which considers the fish that have passed along the river for a certain period of time and extrapolating these data for the entire duration of the fish run. The results of using the method to estimate the abundance of semi-anadromous fish species in the Zhaiyk River in the spring of 2019 are shown. There has been developed the method determining the catchability of a commercial seine on the river by conducting simultaneous fishing with two seines following one after another. For each fish species in the catch, the catch coefficient should be calculated separately. Examples of calculating the abundance, ichthyomass, and commercial stocks of various fish species (roach, sazan, bream, asp, crucian carp, sabrefish, catfish) that entered the river in the spring of 2019 are presented. There is found a difference in the values of the commercial fish stocks determined by the time-based and biostatistical methods, due to the lack of the subjective component of the forecast.
Characteristics of biology and fishery of roach (Rutilus rutilus L.) in water bodies of the Republic of Karelia
Authors: Cherepanova Nadezhda Stepanovna , Georgiev Andrey , Shirokov Vyacheslav Anatolievich
Published: March 2020

The article summarizes the results of long-term observations of the status of roach stocks in the main fishing waters of the Republic of Karelia (Lake Onega, Lake Ladoga, Vodlozerо and Topo-Pyaozerо reservoirs, Lake Syamozero). New data on its biology (distribution, linear and weight indicators, abundance, biomass) have been presented. There has been shown the dynamics of roach catch for a long-term period (1950–2017). It has been found that the fishing capacity of the represented roach populations corresponds to the production capabilities of its mature part and to the value obtained by biomass growth. The results of observations showed that in the studied water bodies the number and stocks of roach allow for greater volumes of catch than it is currently available and the total catch can be increased up to the calculated values of the allowable catch subject to rational fishing in the water bodies. Roach should be commercially caught at the age of 4+ years old. Given the interspecific contradictions of roach and bream, intensive fishing is recommended during the period of spawning in the straits, bays and mouths of rivers. For catching roach, it is necessary to use coastal-type fishing gear (trap nets, seines). The intensity of fishing and the increase in catches in reservoirs should be considered as mandatory measures in terms of biological reclamation in water bodies. When allocating catch quotas, the priority should be given to the most productive roach suppliers. The accompanying factor for the wide distribution of roach, along with other spring-spawning carp species (blue bream, bream), in our opinion, is warming of the climate in the region. In this regard, it is necessary to take measures to force catching the above fish species.