bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigating Similarities and Differences Between Volunteer Behaviors
Authors: Maki Alexander , Snyder Mark
Published: December 2015

Given that volunteers perform a diverse range of behaviors aimed at helping distinct causes, a more nuanced understanding of how types of volunteer behaviors are similar and different would enrich both basic and applied perspectives on volunteerism. We created and validated an inventory of individuals’ interests in eight different types of volunteering: administrative volunteering, helping animals, interpersonal helping (autonomy or dependency), donating, physical volunteering (built or natural environments), and political volunteering. Grouping these eight types of positions into two general categories (interpersonal and skills-based volunteer positions), we also examined convergent and discriminant validity, linking interest in these positions to constructs from the volunteerism literature (i.e., prosocial personality, volunteer motivations, and volunteer satisfaction). This research demonstrates that volunteer behaviors can be classified into types, certain individuals are interested in different types of volunteer behaviors, and volunteers engaged in behaviors that match their interests express greater volunteer satisfaction.
The Government-sponsored Health Insurance Schemes for the Gross Domestic Healthiness
Authors: Pugazhenthi V. , Sunitha C.
Published: December 2015

Today, there are 27 general insurance companies including the Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India Ltd (ECGC) and Agriculture Insurance Corporation (AIC) of India and 24 life insurance companies operating in the country. Barring the AIC and ECGC, all other 25 insurers transact health insurance business, of whom four are stand-alone health insurers. Although there are number of insurers and different types of health insurance products available in the market, three-fourth health-insured Indians gets covered only by a government-sponsored health insurance scheme (GSHIS). Of all the health insurance premiums underwritten in the year 2012–2013, 15 per cent came only from the GSHIS. In terms of number of persons covered, 72 per cent health-insured people are governed by one or other GSHIS. Looking at the profitability of the health insurer also, the incurred claims ratio is just 87.13 per cent in GSHISs, whereas the total incurred claim ratio of the Indian health insurance industry is 94.92 per cent. Thus, the health insurance premium, penetration and profitability—all of these are significantly sponsored and subsidized by the government through GSHIS, incorporating the public–private partnership (PPP) mode. This article details the role of GSHIS in the health insurance segment, taking the performances of the Indian health insurance sector in the year 2012–2013.
Vocational Interest and Personal Style Patterns
Authors: Harris Kristine L. , Rottinghaus Patrick J.
Published: December 2015

The present study examined the relationships between vocational interests, personal styles, and subjective well-being (SWB) using the Strong Interest Inventory (SII) among 4,945 working adults across eight occupational samples, including administrative assistant, realtor, elementary schoolteacher, sales manager, graphic designer, attorney, automobile mechanic, and a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics field composite. Regression analyses demonstrated that the General Occupational Themes (GOTs) and Personal Style Scales (PSSs) each explained significant and independent variance in SWB. Occupation-specific hypotheses for GOTs and PSSs were also supported for four of the eight occupations. This study enhances the understanding of the contribution of interests to life satisfaction and provides further validation for the 2005 SII, specifically the newest PSS, Team Orientation. Future research, theory, and practice implications are also discussed.
Autobiographies in Organizational Research
Authors: Mathias Blake D. , Smith Anne D.
Published: December 2015

Obtaining deep-level insights into the thoughts, actions, and emotions of organizational leaders can pose significant challenges to organizational scholars. Fortunately, a promising but largely untapped resource to provide such insights exists—autobiographies. We begin by providing an overview of autobiographies as a data source, including their benefits and limitations. We then discuss where autobiographies could contribute to theory development in organizational research, highlighting the areas of strategic leadership and entrepreneurship, identity, and sensemaking. To provide direction on how to incorporate these texts into a research design, we provide several research ideas and guidelines about how autobiographies could be used in a triangulated research design. We illustrate their use in a recent study conducted among craft entrepreneurs to confirm existing findings and document a series of planned studies using autobiographies to explore new findings. Together, the study, although focusing on autobiographies, offers a broader framework to advance the use of narrative forms in organizational scholarship.
The Art/History of Resistance
Authors: Murphy Kevin D. , O’Driscoll Sally
Published: December 2015

As the introduction to this collection of essays, “The Art/History of Resistance: Visual Ephemera in Public Space” lays out the conceptual framework for discussion of what is defined as the “ephemeral intervention”: an event in which people convene in public space, using ephemeral elements such as images, texts, sounds, dance, chants, and massed bodies, in order to effect political change through revisualization of that space. The ephemeral intervention has a long history, and not necessarily always a progressive one; its recent deployment in Occupy Wall Street is an important example. This introductory essay allows readers to understand the evolution of such interventions, and the modes through which they become effective. It is also important to note why the immediacy and physicality of such interventions distinguish them from electronic transmission of political events.
Advanced airway management for pre-hospital trauma patients
Authors: Crewdson Kate , Lockey David
Published: December 2015

The need for timely and appropriate airway management for trauma patients is widely recognised. There are a small number of severely injured patients who cannot be adequately supported with basic airway manoeuvres, and require early advanced airway management. The way in which this care is provided remains highly controversial. Whilst it is clear that effective airway management remains a priority for all patients and poorly performed pre-hospital anaesthesia may be detrimental to patient outcome, debate remains over exactly which patients will benefit from early advanced airway interventions, and how it should be provided. The evidence base is small and inconsistent, with significant heterogeneity in the reported data, making it impossible to draw meaningful conclusions. Current practice is not standardised, and care is delivered by providers of different abilities using a range of equipment and techniques. Standards of care provided during in-hospital practice relating to these issues of provider competence, equipment, and monitoring should be directly translated into delivery of care outside the hospital, but this is not always the case. The aim of this review is to evaluate the current evidence surrounding pre-hospital advanced airway management.
Non-freezing cold injury, lessons from history for future prevention
Authors: Whitaker John
Published: December 2015

Living, operating and training in adverse and exposed environmental situations place humans at risk of climatic injury including non-freezing cold injury. Non-freezing cold injury has caused, and continues to cause, significant problems to both civilians and military personnel exposed to cold. This article reviews the impact of this condition through history and identifies lessons that can be drawn for prevention based on historical and contemporary evidence.
Going public against institutional constraints? Analyzing the online presence intensity of 2014 European Parliament election candidates
Authors: Lorenzo Rodríguez Javier , Garmendia Madariaga Amuitz
Published: December 2015

Political parties and candidates have not been immune to the changes that the Internet and social media have introduced in electoral campaigns. Yet, as the use of digital media by political elites is becoming a norm in the United States, in Europe, the decision to develop an online presence depends on the cross-national differences regarding candidates’ constraints and incentives. European Parliament elections present an exceptional comparative opportunity to measure this potential diversity. Using an original database on the online presence of more than 5000 candidates competing under the label of incumbent parties in 2014, we demonstrate that there are two relevant groups of nonadopters, and that candidates’ online campaign intensity varies significantly depending on incumbency and the ballot structure in their countries.
The Financial and Competitive Value of NCAA Basketball Recruits
Authors: Borghesi Richard
Published: December 2015

In this article, we examine the value of high school basketball prospects, and results indicate that each five-star (four-star) recruit generates US$625,000 (US$178,000) in marginal revenue for his university. Additionally, university academic donations are strongly related to basketball performance and five-star recruits bring in an additional US$5,800,000 in funding on average as a result of their contribution to team success. Calculations indicate that if five-star players were to be fairly compensated, their earnings would be approximately US$613,000. Four-star prospects would be paid roughly US$166,000, three-star recruits US$91,000, and two- and one-star players US$50,000.
Communicating and using biomechanical measures through visual cues to optimise safe and effective rowing
Authors: McGregor Alison H , Buckeridge Erica , Murphy Andrew J , Bull Anthony MJ
Published: December 2015

The use of representations of physiological parameters to an athlete and coach during training is becoming increasingly common. Their utility is enhanced when the appropriate data are captured and communicated in real time for the athlete to make training adjustments immediately. The aim of this work was to develop a biofeedback tool for ergometer rowing by creating a data acquisition system, data analysis and interpretation that could be conducted in real time and a feedback system with appropriate cues to the athlete. This 14-year study resulted in a set of measured parameters with inferred correlations between the directly measured parameters acquired during the activity and performance and injury outcome measures. These parameters were represented through a customisable visual display in real time during ergometer training. An athlete and coach open survey was conducted to assess the utility of the biofeedback tool. This survey found that all parties valued the feedback system since it provided a common language to identify body motion and performance parameters in a way that was accessible and meaningful to all parties as well as available during training and coaching. Athletes noted that it helped them to understand body segment motion and its relation to performance, and both coaches and medical staff valued this in enhancing performance and monitoring injury and injury prediction. There was also speculation that the system helps to underpin coaching practice and its translation to the team. The biofeedback tool has been adopted by the British elite rowing squad.
Possession, operation, and governance as three conceptual dimensions of town and township enterprises: An analysis going back to the classical social sciences (Part I)
Authors: Qu Jingdong
Published: December 2015

Through a review of the representative sociological studies on the ownership of town and township enterprises, this article uses the three classical theoretical concepts of possession, operation, and governance to analyze the formative and the operational mechanisms of town and township enterprises. In terms of possession, these enterprises compromise different elements of public, common, and private ownership. In terms of operation, they utilize land contracts, enterprise contracts, and the financial responsibility system in the institutional context of the two-track regime. In terms of governance, they fuse different mechanisms of institutions, knowledge, and other dimensions together and free up traditional familial, kinship linkage, and customary resources for practical reform and creativity. As they occupy a key position in the social process of multiple elements and moments, town and township enterprises not only provide opportunities for institutional innovation, but they also embody the institutional spirit of the reform period, which combines tradition, regime, and new market mechanisms. Enterprises also foster an enriched process of social development. This framework, which goes back to classical social science theories, may stimulate reflection on other phenomena of organizational and institutional change that are associated with social and economic reform.
Dissociation, Paranormal Belief, and Quality of Life in Older People
Authors: Chou Tungshan
Published: December 2015

The measurement of religiosity in current health-related literature is mostly based on the traditional Christian belief system. It has been argued that such a measurement approach may misrepresent the true degree of religiosity in Taiwanese people. In this study, religiosity was measured in two ways: self-reported religion type and a qualitatively derived index of religious piety based on principles as suggested by Gries, Su, and Schak to be used in the Taiwanese context. Their effects on dissociation, paranormal belief, and quality of life were juxtaposed for comparison. In addition, the beneficial effect of religious piety was examined in the framework of McClenon’s ritual healing theory. A total of 266 healthy older adults across Taiwan were interviewed by four trained assistants over a 4-month period. Factor scores were used to represent the dissociative tendencies (depersonalization/derealization, forgetfulness, amnesia, and psychological absorption) and paranormal belief facets (precognition, psi power, other forms of life, traditional religious belief, superstition, and telepathy). The results showed that older people of high religious piety display better quality of life profiles than their counterparts in the low religious piety group. The effects of self-reported religion type were mainly seen with paranormal beliefs compatible with their religious beliefs, whereas the effects of religious piety were more pronounced in relation to quality of life than dissociation and paranormal belief. The beneficial advantage of dissociation hypothesized by ritual healing theory did not receive empirical support in the nonclinical sample of this study.
In vivo molecular neuroimaging of glucose utilization and its association with fibrillar amyloid-β load in aged APPPS1-21 mice
Authors: Waldron Ann-Marie , Wintmolders Cindy , Bottelbergs Astrid , Kelley Jonathan B. , Schmidt Mark E. , Stroobants Sigrid , Langlois Xavier , Staelens Steven
Published: December 2015

Introduction

Radioligand imaging is a powerful in vivo method to assess the molecular basis of Alzheimer’s Disease. We therefore aimed to visualize the pathological deposition of fibrillar amyloid-β and neuronal dysfunction in aged double transgenic mice.

Methods

Using non-invasive positron emission tomography (PET) we assessed brain glucose utilization with [18F]FDG and fibrillar amyloidosis with [11C]PiB and [18F]AV45 in 12 month old APPPS1-21 (n = 10) mice and their age-matched wild-type controls (n = 15). PET scans were analyzed with statistical parametric mapping (SPM) to detect significant differences in tracer uptake between genotypes. After imaging, mice were sacrificed and ex vivo measures of amyloid-β burden with immunohistochemistry as well as glucose utilization with [14C]-2DG autoradiography were obtained as gold standards.

Results

Voxel-wise SPM analysis revealed significantly decreased [18F]FDG uptake in aged APPPS1-21 mice in comparison to WT with the thalamus (96.96 %, maxT = 3.35) and striatum (61.21 %, maxT = 3.29) demonstrating the most widespread reductions at the threshold of p < 0.01. [11C]PiB binding was significantly increased in APPPS1-21 mice, most notably in the hippocampus (87.84 %, maxT = 7.15) and cortex (69.08 %, maxT = 7.95), as detected by SPM voxel-wise analysis at the threshold of p < 0.01. Using the same threshold [18F]AV45 uptake was comparably lower with less significant differences. Compared to their respective ex vivo equivalents [18F]FDG demonstrated significant positive correlation to [14C]2-DG autoradiography (r = 0.67, p <0.0001) while [11C]PiB and [18F]AV45 binding did not correlate to ex vivo immunohistochemistry for amyloid-β (r = 0.25, p = 0.07 and r = 0.17, p = 0.26 respectively). Lastly no correlation was observed between regions of high amyloid burden and those with decreased glucose utilization (r = 0.001, p = 0.99).

Conclusions

Our findings support that fibrillar amyloid-β deposition and reduced glucose utilization can be visualized and quantified with in vivo μPET imaging in aged APPPS1-21 mice. Therefore, the combined use of [18F]FDG and amyloid μPET imaging can shed light on the underlying relationship between fibrillar amyloid-β pathology and neuronal dysfunction.
Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid Aβ ratios in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Adamczuk Katarzyna , Schaeverbeke Jolien , Vanderstichele Hugo M. J. , Lilja Johan , Nelissen Natalie , Van Laere Koen , Dupont Patrick , Hilven Kelly , Poesen Koen , Vandenberghe Rik
Published: December 2015

Introduction

In this study of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) we assessed the added diagnostic value of using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ ratios rather than Aβ42 in isolation for detecting individuals who are positive on amyloid positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods

Thirty-eight community-recruited cognitively intact older adults (mean age 73, range 65–80 years) underwent 18F-flutemetamol PET and CSF measurement of Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-38, and total tau (ttau). 18F-flutemetamol retention was quantified using standardized uptake value ratios in a composite cortical region (SUVRcomp) with reference to cerebellar grey matter. Based on a prior autopsy validation study, the SUVRcomp cut-off was 1.57. Sensitivities, specificities and cut-offs were defined based on receiver operating characteristic analysis with CSF analytes as variables of interest and 18F-flutemetamol positivity as the classifier. We also determined sensitivities and CSF cut-off values at fixed specificities of 90 % and 95 %.

Results

Seven out of 38 subjects (18 %) were positive on amyloid PET. Aβ42/ttau, Aβ42/Aβ40, Aβ42/Aβ38, and Aβ42 had the highest accuracy to identify amyloid-positive subjects (area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.908). Aβ40 and Aβ38 had significantly lower discriminative power (AUC = 0.571). When specificity was fixed at 90 % and 95 %, Aβ42/ttau had the highest sensitivity among the different CSF markers (85.71 % and 71.43 %, respectively). Sensitivity of Aβ42 alone was significantly lower under these conditions (57.14 % and 42.86 %, respectively).

Conclusion

For the CSF-based definition of preclinical AD, if a high specificity is required, our data support the use of Aβ42/ttau rather than using Aβ42 in isolation.
Research-Focused Isolation of Human Islets From Donors With and Without Diabetes at the Alberta Diabetes Institute IsletCore
Authors: Lyon James , Manning Fox Jocelyn E. , Spigelman Aliya F. , Kim Ryekjang , Smith Nancy , O'Gorman Doug , Kin Tatsuya , Shapiro A. M. James , Rajotte Raymond V. , MacDonald Patrick E.
Published: December 2015

Recent years have seen an increased focus on human islet biology, and exciting findings in the stem cell and genomic arenas highlight the need to define the key features of mature human islets and β-cells. Donor and organ procurement parameters impact human islet yield, although for research purposes islet yield may be secondary in importance to islet function. We examined the feasibility of a research-only human islet isolation, distribution, and biobanking program and whether key criteria such as cold ischemia time (CIT) and metabolic status may be relaxed and still allow successful research-focused isolations, including from donors with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Through 142 isolations over approximately 5 years, we confirm that CIT and glycated hemoglobin each have a weak negative impacts on isolation purity and yield, and extending CIT beyond the typical clinical isolation cutoff of 12 hours (to ≥ 18 h) had only a modest impact on islet function. Age and glycated hemoglobin/type 2 diabetes status negatively impacted secretory function; however, these and other biological (sex, body mass index) and procurement/isolation variables (CIT, time in culture) appear to make only a small contribution to the heterogeneity of human islet function. This work demonstrates the feasibility of extending acceptable CIT for research-focused human islet isolation and highlights the biological variation in function of human islets from donors with and without diabetes.
Stereoisograms of Cubane Derivatives
Authors: Fujita Shinsaku
Published: December 2015

For the purpose of characterizing cubane derivatives, the RS-stereoisomeric group $ \boldsymbol{O}_{hĩ\hat{I}}$ and the corresponding stereoisograms are formulated by the extension of the point group Oh, where RS-permutations and ligand-reflections are defined on the basis of the rotations and reflections of Oh. According to the hierarchy concerning stereoisomers (i.e., pairs of enantiomers ⊆ quadruplets of RS-stereoisomers ⊆ multiplets of stereoisomers), respective enumerations under the point group Oh, under the RS-stereoisomeric group $ \boldsymbol{O}_{hĩ\hat{I}}$, and under the corresponding stereoisomeric group are conducted. The results of these enumerations are discussed by categorizing cubane derivatives into those with achiral proligands only and those with achiral and chiral proligands. The importance of the intermediate concept of RS-stereoisomers is emphasized by proposing a flowchart for classifying isomers and stereoisomers. C/A-Descriptors are proposed as a stereochemical notation for specifying global symmetries of cubane derivatives. The assignability of C/A-descriptors to type-I, type-III, and type-V stereoisograms is discussed in comparison with the unassignability of C/A-descriptors to type-II and type-IV stereoisograms. R/S-Descriptors are applied to the specification of local symmetries of cubane derivatives and compared with C/A-descriptors.
Theoretical Studies on the Magnetic and Conductive Properties of Crystals Containing Open-Shell Trioxotriangulene Radicals
Authors: Kinoshita Keiji , Kawakami Takashi , Morita Yasushi , Saito Toru , Yamanaka Shusuke , Okumura Mitsutaka , Yamaguchi Kizashi
Published: December 2015

Organic ferromagnets and advanced magneticmetals have received continued interest over many decades. The systematic investigation of open-shell radicals had been reported by Morita and co-workers. Especially, trioxotriangulene (TOT) as a pure organic radical source was expected to realize novel electrical and spin properties. Based on their experimental results, they pointed out that Br3TOT and (t-Bu)3TOT, which are two types of TOT-based crystals, have different electrical properties. In this study, we have attempted to investigate the origins of the novel properties of the two crystals from various points of view such as the shape of the TOT radicals, nature of stacking in the TOT column (sliding parallel versus antiparallel stacking), spatial interactions between neighboring pairs, various types of magnetic interactions (e.g., Jab, Ueff, and tab) between two radicals, nature of the diradical character (y and ysys) and related chemical indices (U, I), change in the binding energies with changing geometries, and electrical conductivity (i.e., I–V characteristics) of Au–TOT–TOT–Au systems. Finally, it is concluded that the magnetic interactions in the column structure for the former crystal are more effectively controlled than those in the latter crystal. High electric conductivity can be expected for Br3TOT, whereas (t-Bu)3TOT is thought to be a normal antiferromagnetic insulator.
BioShaDock: a community driven bioinformatics shared Docker-based tools registry
Authors: Moreews François , Sallou Olivier , Ménager Hervé , Le bras Yvan , Monjeaud Cyril , Blanchet Christophe , Collin Olivier
Published: December 2015

Linux container technologies, as represented by Docker, provide an alternative to complex and time-consuming installation processes needed for scientiﬁc software. The ease of deployment and the process isolation they enable, as well as the reproducibility they permit across environments and versions, are among the qualities that make them interesting candidates for the construction of bioinformatic infrastructures, at any scale from single workstations to high throughput computing architectures. The Docker Hub is a public registry which can be used to distribute bioinformatic software as Docker images. However, its lack of curation and its genericity make it difﬁcult for a bioinformatics user to ﬁnd the most appropriate images needed. BioShaDock is a bioinformatics-focused Docker registry, which provides a local and fully controlled environment to build and publish bioinformatic software as portable Docker images. It provides a number of improvements over the base Docker registry on authentication and permissions management, that enable its integration in existing bioinformatic infrastructures such as computing platforms. The metadata associated with the registered images are domain-centric, including for instance concepts deﬁned in the EDAM ontology, a shared and structured vocabulary of commonly used terms in bioinformatics. The registry also includes user deﬁned tags to facilitate its discovery, as well as a link to the tool description in the ELIXIR registry if it already exists. If it does not, the BioShaDock registry will synchronize with the registry to create a new description in the Elixir registry, based on the BioShaDock entry metadata. This link will help users get more information on the tool such as its EDAM operations, input and output types. This allows integration with the ELIXIR Tools and Data Services Registry, thus providing the appropriate visibility of such images to the bioinformatics community.
Molecular phylogeny and character evolution of Anemiaceae (Schizaeales)
Authors: Labiak Paulo H. , Mickel John T. , Hanks Judith G.
Published: December 2015

Anemiaceae is one of the most ancient extant fern families, with fossils known since the Jurassic. Nowadays it has about 115 species, distributed in the Neotropics, Africa, Madagascar, and India. We analyzed the relationships among 81 species of Anemiaceae, based on four cpDNA regions, rbcL, rps4-trnS, trnG-trnR, and trnL-trnF. This sampling corresponds to approximately 70% of the family diversity, includes taxa from the main biogeographic areas, and represents all of the genera, subgenera and sections traditionally recognized in the family. Our results support the monophyly of Anemiaceae, and the recognition of a single genus, Anemia, which can be further subdivided in three subgroups: subg. Anemia, subg. Anemiorrhiza and the Mohria clade. In general, most of the sections that are recognized in Anemia are supported as natural groups, but some of them will need to have their circumscriptions altered in order to preserve monophyly. We also explored the evolution of morphological characters by optimizing them on the phylogenetic tree. Our results show that characters that have been traditionally used in the taxonomy of both extant and ancient groups, such as leaf dimorphism, and perispore morphology, are homoplastic within Anemiaceae.
Bonded to the series: Musical style, performance and the 007 theme song
Authors: Claydon E. Anna
Published: December 2015

This article examines the way in which the James Bond theme songs have helped shape the Bond series stylistically, and also considers song-writing as a process of adaptation and development by analysing the songs’ relationships with other Bond musical compositions. It considers the performers and evidence of the success of the Bond soundtracks. It argues that the Bond theme songs have an afterlife both in directly shaping those which follow in the series and also in that the cultural memory of earlier compositions and performances, powerfully influences their marketing and reception.
Torched song: The hyperreal and the music of L.A. Noire
Authors: Ivǎnescu Andra
Published: December 2015

Film noir is a genre that is essentially conflicted: not only does it have both love and death at its essence, but it is also a story about impending failure enveloped in style, beauty and smoke. This contradictory core is also reflected in a number of ways in the paradoxes of one of the most prominent noir games of recent years, the appropriately titled L.A. Noire (Team Bondi and Rockstar Games, 2011): the seemingly open world contradicts the linear narrative and, while the gameworld is firmly rooted in a meticulously researched historical past, it is also heavily stylized and grounded in a cinematic legacy. This is also reflected in the music of the game: along with the original soundtrack composed by Andrew and Simon Hale (with additional songs written by The Real Tuesday Weld), borrowed music helps place the game both in a particular place and time and in a particular genre. In this article, I explore the multiple functions that music plays in L.A. Noire, acting as temporal signifier but also reflecting the themes and tropes of film noir. Finally, I argue that Baudrillard’s concept of the hyperreal can be used to better understand how appropriated music in video games relates to music history.
Adolescencia temprana y estrés en el contexto escolar: utilización de la Student Stress Inventory - Stress Manifestations (SSI-SM)
Authors: Ortuño-Sierra Javier , Aritio Solana Rebeca , Chocarro de Luis Edurne , Fonseca Pedrero Eduardo
Published: December 2015

Introducción. El estrés en adolescentes no recibe suficiente atención y, de hecho, existen pocos instrumentos de medida que se encuentren traducidos en la versión española para la evaluación de las manifestaciones de estrés en adolescentes.Método. El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas del Student Stress Inventory - Stress Manifestations (SSI-SM) in adolescentes Españoles. La muestra final estuvo compuesta por un total de 708 estudiantes, 308 hombres, con una media de edad de 13.61 años (DT = 1.08).Resultados. Los resultados indicaron que las puntuaciones del SSI-SM presentaron adecuadas propiedades psicométricas. El coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para las subescalas osciló entre 0,69 y 0,90. El análisis de la estructura interna de las puntuaciones del SSI-SM, mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró que la estructura de tres dimensiones fue el modelo más satisfactorio. Un total de 6 ítems mostraron funcionamiento diferencial atendiendo al género. Las subescalas del SSI-SM correlacionaron con los síntomas emocionales y comportamentales y con los rasgos esquizotípicos. Por otro lado, se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función del género y la edad en las puntuaciones medias del SSI-SM.Conclusiones. Los resultados contribuyen nuevas evidencias de validez sobre las puntuaciones del SSI-SM en una muestra independiente de adolescentes no-clínicos. El SSI-SM parece ser un instrumento de auto-informe útil, breve y de fácil aplicación para la detección de las manifestaciones de estrés es este sector de la población
EVAPROMES, una escala para evaluar los procesos metacognitivos en escritura
Authors: Jiménez Rodríguez Virginia , Ulate Espinoza María Alexandra , Alvarado Izquierdo Jesús María , Puente Ferreras Aníbal
Published: December 2015

Introducción. La escritura se considera hoy una herramienta básica de aprendizaje. Los procesos que subyacen a ella son complejos y la detección de la pobreza escritora de los estudiantes en las escuelas hace que se planteen nuevas formas de enseñar y aprender a escribir. Un escritor experto es consciente de cuáles son sus propios procesos de aprendizaje, cómo funcionan, y conoce cómo optimizar su funcionamiento y el control de sus propios procesos escritores.Método. La prueba EVAPROMES incluye 28 ítems que representan “situaciones de escritura” con tres alternativas de respuesta que se valoran ante las que el escritor debe tomar partido. La alternativa seleccionada permite conocer “cómo los escritores se perciben” y “cómo creen que actuarían” ante posibles dilemas que se les plantean a la hora de escribir, así como su grado de motivación ante el acto escritor. Cada alternativa expresa un grado diferente de conciencia escritora. La prueba ha sido validada en muestra costarricense y española, compuesta por 1442 estudiantes entre 10 y 15 años (915 costarricenses y 527 españoles).Resultados. Los resultados indican que EVAPROMES es un instrumento que permite recoger información del grado o nivel de conciencia escritora en niños y adolescentes, con una medida precisa de los procesos implícitos, permitiendo un buen pronóstico del rendimiento en escritura y académico en general.Conclusión. EVAPROMES permite identificar al alumnado con baja y alta conciencia escritora. Basándose en esta identificación, se pueden diseñar programas de intervención específicos en estrategias metacognitivas en el área de la escritura adaptando la respuesta educativa a los alumnos evaluados.
Changes in the Concentrations of Corticoid Metabolites – The Effect of Stress, Diet and Analytical Method
Authors: Dušková Michaela , Sosvorová Lucie , Vítků Jana , Jandíková Hana , Rácz Beáta , Chlupáčová Tereza , De Cordeiro Jose , Stárka Luboslav
Published: December 2015

A precisely measured corticoid level is important for decision-making in daily clinical practice. These levels can be influenced in the pre-analytical phase, when the effect of stress, timing, and diet can be important. The aim of this study was to elucidate optimal conditions for blood sampling as well as the choice of analytical methods, which they will be used in measuring of corticoids. By studying ten women, we focused on the influences of the stress of cannulation and a large lunchtime meal on cortisol, cortisone, aldosterone and corticosterone levels. We further compared results of cortisol measurements from RIA and LC-MS/MS. Stress from cannulation caused increase of cortisol, cortisone and corticosterone already, when the cannula was being inserted. This indicates that this increase is stimulated by fear of the blood withdrawing rather, than just by the needle insertion itself. The effect of stress on corticosterone disappeared after an hour, while effect on other corticoids was still apparent. Concerning the lunchtime meal, we found an increase in all measured corticoids between 11 and 12 o’clock. After the food, there were marked decreases in cortisone and aldosterone, while declining levels of cortisol and corticosterone had rather plateaus. We compared cortisol in 90 plasma samples measured by a commercial RIA kit and the LC-MS/MS method. Results from both methods showed a strong correlation (r=0.85). When measuring corticoid metabolites, the chosen analytical method, eliminating stress factors, and precisely timed blood sampling considering the daily rhythm and food intake are critical.
How Does Energy Intake Influence the Levels of Certain Steroids?
Authors: Rácz Beáta , Dušková Michaela , Jandíková Hana , Hill Martin , Vondra Karel , Stárka Luboslav
Published: December 2015

The influence of steroid hormones on food intake is well described. However, there are only a few studies on the effect of food intake on steroid levels. The study involved eight non-smoker women (average age 29.48 ± 2.99 years; average BMI 21.3 ± 1.3 kg/m2); they did not use any kind of medication affecting steroidogenesis. We analysed the influence of four various stimuli on the levels of steroid hormones and melatonin. During their follicular phase of menstrual cycle, each woman had an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), a standard breakfast and psyllium (a non-caloric fibre). Cortisol declined during each test, which is a physiological decline in the morning hours. In all tests (except of the application of the non-caloric fibre, psyllium), however, this decline was modified. After the standard breakfast there was an increase in cortisol at 40th minute. The OGTT and IVGTT tests led to a plateau in cortisol levels. Testosterone levels and those of other steroid hormones showed no relationships to tested stimulations. Oral and intravenous glucose have influenced physiological decline of melatonin levels. During the IVGTT test, melatonin levels started to increase at 20th minute, reaching a maximum at 40th minute. The OGTT test led to a delayed increase in melatonin levels, compared to IVGTT. Despite the fact that we performed the tests in the morning hours, when steroid hormone levels physiologically start to change due to their diurnal rhythm, we still found that food intake influences some of the hormone levels.
Cover
Authors: Cover Front and Back
Published: December 2015

A map of Florida, from Samuel Gridley Howe's 1837 atlas for the blind. See page 46 for more details. Courtesy of the David Rumsey Map Collection.
Understanding the Impact of In-Process Promotional Messages: An Application to Online Auctions
Authors: Ducarroz Caroline , Yang Sha , Greenleaf Eric A.
Published: December 2015

In-process promotions focus on promotional activities during marketing events such as auctions, crowdfunding, or fund-raising. Firms can observe consumers’ responses to these promotions and use this information to adjust future promotions sent during the same events. The authors study the impact of promotions on market outcomes and focus on one use of such promotions: messages sent during online auctions, in which the outcome is the final auction price. They propose that the effect of these messages can be understood by observing their aggregate impact on final auction prices and by examining how messages affect behaviors at the bid level, namely, new-bidder entry and jump bidding. These bid-level behaviors can, when summed at the auction level, affect auction prices. Besides examining the messages’ impact on bidder behavior, the authors study the auctioneer's strategy in issuing these messages. They distinguish between informative messages, which focus on product attributes, and persuasive messages, which try to motivate the message recipients to bid. They test hypotheses derived from their framework using data from online auctions of Air France airline tickets. The authors also conduct “what-if” simulations to help auctioneers identify the optimal number of messages to send during an auction.
Mimesis, interpretation and the human condition
Authors: Kiššová Mária
Published: December 2015

One of the most fundamental questions in the discourse on artistic creativity and interpretation is that of mimesis or representation; the relation and the ‘tension’ between experiential reality on one hand and an artistic construct on the other hand. In the present study, mimesis and the discussion about the connection between the experiential and the imaginary are understood as major characteristics by which man and the human condition are defined. From the context of the visual arts, the study proceeds to literature and, specifically, to an analysis of the novel The Real Life of Sebastian Knight (1941) by Vladimir Nabokov (1899-1977). The main aim of the study is to show the questions of representation and interpretation as part of the universal inquiry about humanity and the human condition.
Adaptation or escapism? The British Royals’ tribulations and the crisis of personal identity in Sue Townsend’s The Queen and I
Authors: Culea Mihaela
Published: December 2015

In The Queen and I (1992), English writer Sue Townsend (1946-2014) satirically imagines the abolition of the British monarchy and the subsequent social, political and even personal trials generated by their new situation. This paper1 focuses on the hardships experienced by the royal family in their demoted condition, with special focus on aspects related to personal identity, such as emotional remoteness, displacement, disputes over the reputation of the (royal) name, re-naming, falsifying one’s name and the invention of another identity, illness, escape mechanisms and struggles to adapt to a new life - all of these fictitious tribulations depicting the royal family in a state of crisis
The fight between right and wrong: Exploring morality in M. L. Stedman’s novel The Light between Oceans
Authors: Čechová Natália
Published: December 2015

The paper explores the eternal theme of morality and its effects on human thoughts and actions as depicted in M. L. Stedman’s debut novel The Light between Oceans (2012). The aim is to study how her characters, facing a demanding post-war environment, deal with morally challenging events in their lives and how they are able to fight the socially accepted concepts of what is right and what is wrong as well as the consequences of the serious decisions they make. Tom Sherbourne, a WWI veteran, settles down to his new job as lighthouse keeper and marriage with Isabel, but instead of finding peace, he faces several moral dilemmas which create a cold distance between him and his wife, as well as between his pre-war and actual self. In this sense, the paper tries to describe what Stedman has to say - through Tom’s character - about the nature of human morality and decision-making and how tragic their consequences might be.
Turonian ammonite faunas from the southern Corbières, Aude, France
Authors: Kennedy William James , Bilotte Michel , Melchior Patrice
Published: December 2015

The Turonian successions of the southern Corbieres comprise three transgressive-regressive cycles in which ammonites occur in three intervals. The lowest comes from the glauconitic basal transgressive unit of the first cycle, and comprises 21 species, including Kamerunoceras douvillei (Pervinquiere, 1907), Kamerunoceras turoniense (d’Orbigny, 1850), Spathites (Jeanrogericeras) revelerianus (Courtiller, 1860), Spathites (Jeanrogericeras) combesi (d’Orbigny, 1856), Mammites nodosoides (Schluter, 1871), Mammites powelli Kennedy, Wright and Hancock, 1987, Fagesia tevestensis (Peron, 1896), Neoptychites cephalotus (Coutiller, 1860), Thomasites rollandi (Thomas and Peron, 1889), Wrightoceras wallsi Reyment, 1954, and Choffaticeras (Choffaticeras) quaasi (Peron, 1904). This is a Lower Turonian assemblage referred to the Mammites nodosoides Zone, although the possibility that elements from the preceding Fagesia catinus Zone are also present cannot be excluded.

The fauna from the transgressive glauconitic interval of the succeeding cycle comprises nine species, including Romaniceras (Romaniceras) mexicanum Jones, 1938, Romaniceras (Yubariceras) ornatissimum (Stoliczka, 1864), Pseudotissotia galliennei (d’Orbigny, 1850), Collignoniceras woollgari (Mantell, 1822) sensu lato, Coilopoceras springeri Hyatt, 1903, and Eubostrychoceras (Eubostrychoceras) saxonicum (Schluter, 1872). They indicate the Middle Turonian Romaniceras (R.) mexicanum and R. (Y.) ornatissimum zones.

The highest fauna, from the Marnes superieurs de Saint-Louis of the Saint-Louis syncline, is: Subprionocyclus sp. juv., Prionocyclus sp. and Worthoceras cf. rochatianum (d’Orbigny, 1850). The Subprionocyclus are minute individuals that resemble S. bravaisianus (d’Orbigny, 1841), and suggest the presence of the lower Upper Turonian bravaisianus Zone.
Taxonomy and taphonomy of Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) nautilids from Annopol, Poland
Authors: Machalski Marcin , Wilmsen Markus
Published: December 2015

A nautilid faunule of seven specimens, comprising Eutrephoceras bouchardianum (d’Orbigny, 1840), Cymatoceras deslongchampsianum (d’Orbigny, 1840), and Cymatoceras tourtiae (Schlüter, 1876) is described from a condensed middle Cenomanian interval at Annopol, Poland. C. tourtiae is recorded for the first time in Poland. The studied material consists of reworked phosphatised internal moulds of phragmocones, which may be of early or middle Cenomanian age, given the stratigraphic range of the associated ammonites. The nautilid moulds vary in inferred mode of infilling, and in intensity of abrasion, bioerosion and mineralisation. The sediment entered the phragmocones in two ways: 1) through punctures in the shell, the result of bioerosion or mechanical damage; 2) through siphonal openings by intracameral currents. In contrast to the fossil moulds from the Albian phosphorites of Annopol, which originated via direct precipitation of apatite around and/or inside fossils, the present nautilid moulds seem to have originated through secondary phosphatisation of the initially calcareous moulds. Diversity of taphonomic signatures in nautilid material from the middle Cenomanian interval at Annopol is compatible with the complex, multievent depositional scenario proposed for this level.
Late Turonian ammonites from Haute-Normandie, France
Authors: Kennedy William J. , Gale Andrew S.
Published: December 2015

Upper Turonian chalks of Haute-Normandie yield a distinctive ammonite fauna within the Subprionocyclus neptuni ammonite Zone and the Plesiocorys (Sternotaxis) plana echinoid Zone. Well-localised material all comes from the phosphatic fauna of the Senneville 2 Hardground that marks the boundary between the Formation de Senneville and the Eletot Member of the succeeding Formation de Saint-Pierre-en-Port. The association is dominated by Lewesiceras mantelli Wright and Wright, 1951, accompanied by Mesopuzosia mobergi (de Grossouvre, 1894), Lewesiceras woodiWright, 1979, Subprionocyclus hitchinensis (Billinghurst, 1927), Subprionocyclus branneri (Anderson, 1902), Subprionocyclus normalis (Anderson, 1958), Allocrioceras nodiger (F. Roemer, 1870), Allocrioceras billinghursti Klinger, 1976, Hyphantoceras reussianum (d’Orbigny, 1850), Sciponoceras bohemicum bohemicum (Fritsch, 1872), and Scaphites geinitzii d’Orbigny, 1850. The fauna represents the Hyphantoceras reussianum Event of authors, elements of which have been recognised on the north side of Tethys from Northern Ireland to the Mangyschlak Mountains of western Kazakstan, a distance of more than 3,500 kilometres.
Transversal hypersurfaces with (f,g,u,v,λ)-structure of a nearly trans-Sasakian manifold
Authors: Prasad Rajendra , Yadav Satya Prakash
Published: December 2015

In this paper, we study some properties of transversal hypersurfaces of a nearly trans-Sasakian manifold. Furthermore, we give some characterizations of totally geodesic regarding such manifolds. We also prove that if
Numerical study of selected military vehicle chassis subjected to blast loading in terms of tire strength improving
Authors: Baranowski P. , Malachowski J.
Published: December 2015

In the paper a chosen model of the light armoured vehicle was tested in terms of blast loading. More precisely, the blast propagation and interaction with the tire behaviour and suspension system elements of the light-armoured vehicle (LAV) was simulated. The chosen military vehicle meets the requirements of levels 2A and 2B of STANAG 4569 standard. Based on the obtained results, two modifications were proposed for the strength and resistance improvement of the wheel. The first consisted of inserting the rubber runflat ring inside the tire, whereas in the second the honeycomb-like composite wheel was implemented. Non-linear dynamic simulations were carried out using the explicit LS-Dyna code, with multi-material Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian formulation for simulation the blast process.
Modelling and fault-tolerant control of 5-phase induction machine
Authors: Rolak M. , Che H.S. , Malinowski M.
Published: December 2015

The paper presents modeling and analysis of a 5-phase induction machine connected to 2-level 5-leg converter in case of open-phase failure. A control of the machine is accomplished using the Field Oriented Control with hysteresis current controllers. Moreover, a fault-tolerant algorithm is addressed and simulated.