bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Characterization of a Sustainable Bio-Polymer Concrete with a Low Carbon Footprint
Authors: Murcia Daniel Heras , Al Shanti Siham , Hamidi Fatemeh , Rimsza Jessica , Yoon Hongkyu , Gunawan Budi , Abdellatef Mohammed , Taha Mahmoud Reda
Published: January 2023

Polymer concrete (PC) has been used to replace cement concrete when harsh service conditions exist. Polymers have a high carbon footprint when considering their life cycle analysis, and with increased climate change concerns and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emission, bio-based polymers could be used as a sustainable alternative binder to produce PC. This paper examines the development and characterization of a novel bio-polymer concrete (BPC) using bio-based polyurethane used as the binder in lieu of cement, modified with benzoic acid and carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The mechanical performance, durability, microstructure, and chemical properties of BPC are investigated. Moreover, the effect of the addition of benzoic acid and MWCNTs on the properties of BPC is studied. The new BPC shows relatively low density, appreciable compressive strength between 20–30 MPa, good tensile strength of 4 MPa, and excellent durability resistance against aggressive environments. The new BPC has a low carbon footprint, 50% lower than ordinary Portland cement concrete, and can provide a sustainable concrete alternative in infrastructural applications.
Development of High-Resolution Soil Hydraulic Parameters with Use of Earth Observations for Enhancing Root Zone Soil Moisture Product
Authors: Thomas Juby , Gupta Manika , Srivastava Prashant K. , Pandey Dharmendra K. , Bindlish Rajat
Published: January 2023

Regional quantification of energy and water balance fluxes depends inevitably on the estimation of surface and rootzone soil moisture. The simulation of soil moisture depends on the soil retention characteristics, which are difficult to estimate at a regional scale. Thus, the present study proposes a new method to estimate high-resolution Soil Hydraulic Parameters (SHPs) which in turn help to provide high-resolution (spatial and temporal) rootzone soil moisture (RZSM) products. The study is divided into three phases—(I) involves the estimation of finer surface soil moisture (1 km) from the coarse resolution satellite soil moisture. The algorithm utilizes MODIS 1 km Land Surface Temperature (LST) and 1 km Normalized difference vegetation Index (NDVI) for downscaling 25 km C-band derived soil moisture from AMSR-2 to 1 km surface soil moisture product. At one of the test sites, soil moisture is continuously monitored at 5, 20, and 50 cm depth, while at 44 test sites data were collected randomly for validation. The temporal and spatial correlation for the downscaled product was 70% and 83%, respectively. (II) In the second phase, downscaled soil moisture product is utilized to inversely estimate the SHPs for the van Genuchten model (1980) at 1 km resolution. The numerical experiments were conducted to understand the impact of homogeneous SHPs as compared to the three-layered parameterization of the soil profile. It was seen that the SHPs estimated using the downscaled soil moisture (I-d experiment) performed with similar efficiency as compared to SHPs estimated from the in-situ soil moisture data (I-b experiment) in simulating the soil moisture. The normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) for the two treatments was 0.37 and 0.34, respectively. It was also noted that nRMSE for the treatment with the utilization of default SHPs (I-a) and AMSR-2 soil moisture (I-c) were found to be 0.50 and 0.43, respectively. (III) Finally, the derived SHPs were used to simulate both surface soil moisture and RZSM. The final product, RZSM which is the daily 1 km product also showed a nearly 80% correlation at the test site. The estimated SHPs are seen to improve the mean NSE from 0.10 (I-a experiment) to 0.50 (I-d experiment) for the surface soil moisture simulation. The mean nRMSE for the same was found to improve from 0.50 to 0.31.
Gradual Domain Adaptation with Pseudo-Label Denoising for SAR Target Recognition When Using Only Synthetic Data for Training
Authors: Sun Yuanshuang , Wang Yinghua , Liu Hongwei , Hu Liping , Zhang Chen , Wang Siyuan
Published: January 2023

Because of the high cost of data acquisition in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) target recognition, the application of synthetic (simulated) SAR data is becoming increasingly popular. Our study explores the problems encountered when training fully on synthetic data and testing on measured (real) data, and the distribution gap between synthetic and measured SAR data affects recognition performance under the circumstances. We propose a gradual domain adaptation recognition framework with pseudo-label denoising to solve this problem. As a warm-up, the feature alignment classification network is trained to learn the domain-invariant feature representation and obtain a relatively satisfactory recognition result. Then, we utilize the self-training method for further improvement. Some pseudo-labeled data are selected to fine-tune the network, narrowing the distribution difference between the training data and test data for each category. However, the pseudo-labels are inevitably noisy, and the wrong ones may deteriorate the classifier’s performance during fine-tuning iterations. Thus, we conduct pseudo-label denoising to eliminate some noisy pseudo-labels and improve the trained classifier’s robustness. We perform pseudo-label denoising based on the image similarity to keep the label consistent between the image and feature domains. We conduct extensive experiments on the newly published SAMPLE dataset, and we design two training scenarios to verify the proposed framework. For Training Scenario I, the framework matches the result of neural architecture searching and achieves 96.46% average accuracy. For Training Scenario II, the framework outperforms the results of other existing methods and achieves 97.36% average accuracy. These results illustrate the superiority of our framework, which can reach state-of-the-art recognition levels with appropriate stability.
Simulated Trends in Land Surface Sensible Heat Flux on the Tibetan Plateau in Recent Decades
Authors: Wang Shuzhou , Ma Yaoming , Liu Yuxin
Published: January 2023

The spatial distribution and temporal variation of land surface sensible heat (SH) flux on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) for the period of 1981–2018 were studied using the simulation results from the Noah-MP land surface model. The simulated SH fluxes were also compared with the simulation results from the SEBS model and the results derived from 80 meteorological stations. It is found that, much larger annual mean SH fluxes occurred on the western and central TP compared with the eastern TP. Meanwhile, the inter-annual variations of SH fluxes on the central and western TP were larger than that on the eastern TP. The SEBS simulation showed much larger inter-annual variations than did the Noah-MP simulation across most of the TP. There was a trend of decrease in SH flux from the mid-1980s to the beginning of the 21st century in the Noah-MP simulations. Both Noah-MP and SEBS showed an increasing SH flux trend after this period of decrease. The increasing trend appeared on the eastern TP later than on the western and central TP. In the Noah-MP simulation, the western and central TP showed larger values of temperature difference between the ground surface and air (Ts–Ta) than did the eastern TP. Both mean Ts–Ta and wind speed decreased from the mid-1980s to approximately 2000, and then increased slightly. However, the Ts–Ta transition occurred later than that of wind speed. Changes in mean ground surface temperature (Ts) were the main cause of the decreasing and increasing trends in SH flux on the TP. Meanwhile, changes in wind speed contributed substantially to the decreasing trend in SH flux before 1998.
Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Evolution of the GDP in Henan Province Based on Nighttime Light Data
Authors: Zhao Zongze , Tang Xiaojie , Wang Cheng , Cheng Gang , Ma Chao , Wang Hongtao , Sun Bingke
Published: January 2023

The collection of traditional administrative unit-based gross domestic product (GDP) data is time-consuming and laborious, and the data lacks accurate spatial information. Long-term series nighttime light (NTL) data can provide effective spatiotemporal GDP change information, which can be used to analyze economies’ spatial distributions and development trends. In this study, we generated a spatial model of the relationship between NTL indices and GDP parameters, based on NPP-VIIRS-like NTL data for the period 2001 to 2020, conducted a multitemporal and multilevel connectivity analysis of the GDP spatialization data, and constructed a tree structure for horizontal and vertical analysis. Standard deviation ellipses and economic centers of the first-level economic connected components at the provincial and municipal levels were generated, and the economic center distribution range and development direction at the provincial and municipal levels were analyzed. The results show that GDP spatialization data, based on NPP-VIIRS-like NTL data, can intuitively reflect the GDP spatial distribution. In Henan Province, the economic levels of different regions vary, and the economic regions represented by Zhengzhou have developed rapidly, driving surrounding regional economic rapid development. Henan Province’s development trend from single-city economic centers to multicity economic centers is obvious, and the economic center has shifted to the southeast.
Climate and Energy Crises from the Perspective of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Trade-Offs between Systemic Transition and Societal Collapse?
Authors: Solé Jordi
Published: January 2023

AR6 IPCC reports give divergent messages about the different socio-economic transition approaches to deal with the current climate emergency. The dangers of not giving a clear message to policymakers and to society on the need of changing the current socio-economic paradigm are considerable: to fall in the SSP3-7.0 scenario, which is conducive to the collapse of our current civilization. In this work, key variables to assess the main functionalities of global socio-economy are analyzed under a system dynamics approach. This allows for understanding what the evolution is of our current socio-economy in a framework of climate change and resource depletion. The aim of this work is to provide a different perspective on socio-economic evolution by identifying similar characteristics in the worst-case IPCC scenarios with historical behavior in complex societies. From such a historical perspective and the current system evolution, a conceptual model is proposed to explain our globalized complex system near to a phase transition. Then, phase transition correspondences from the model to the current socio-economic system are proposed and a series of corresponding preventive measures (in terms of social actions, economic measures, and their linked policies) are suggested to avoid collapse scenarios.
Do Better Institutional Arrangements Lead to Environmental Sustainability: Evidence from India
Authors: Hamid Ishfaq , Uddin Mohammed Ahmar , Hawaldar Iqbal Thonse , Alam Md Shabbir , Joshi D. P. Priyadarshi , Jena Pabitra Kumar
Published: January 2023

The efficient planning, execution, and management of institutional frameworks for climate change adaptation are essential to sustainable development. India, in particular, is known to be disproportionately vulnerable to the consequences of climate change. This study examines the effects of environmental taxes, corruption, urbanization, economic growth, ecological risks, and renewable energy sources on CO2 emissions in India from 1978 to 2018. Therefore, the ARDL model is used to draw inferences, and Pairwise Granger causality is also applied to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship. The empirical results show that corruption, environmental dangers, GDP, and urbanization positively influence India’s carbon emissions. However, the results of short-run elasticities show that carbon emissions reduce ecological sustainability. Environmental hazards and costs, like other countries, impact India’s carbon emissions. Therefore, decision-makers in India should set up strict environmental regulations and anti-corruption measures to combat unfair practice that distorts competition laws and policies. In addition, the government concentrates more on energy efficiency policies that diminish carbon emissions without hampering economic growth in the country.
Research on Hydraulic Support Attitude Monitoring Method Merging FBG Sensing Technology and AdaBoost Algorithm
Authors: Chen Ningning , Fang Xinqiu , Liang Minfu , Xue Xiaomei , Zhang Fan , Wu Gang , Qiao Fukang
Published: January 2023

The hydraulic support is the key equipment of surrounding rock support in a stope, and thus monitoring the attitude of the hydraulic support has an important guiding role in the support selection, operation control and rock pressure analysis of the working face. At present, attitude monitoring technology for hydraulic support mainly includes inertial measurement, contact measurement and visual measurement. Aiming at the technical defects of imperfect attitude perception models, incomplete perception parameters and the low decision-making ability of such systems, the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) pressure sensor and the FBG tilt sensor are developed independently by combining with FBG sensing theory. The pressure sensitivity of the FBG pressure sensor is 35.6 pm/MPa, and the angular sensitivity of the FBG tilt sensor is 31.3 pm/(°). Additionally, an information platform for FBG sensing monitoring for hydraulic support attitude is constructed based on. NET technology and C/S architecture. The information platform realizes real-time monitoring, data management, report management, production information management and data querying of hydraulic support attitude monitoring data. An AdaBoost neural network hydraulic support working resistance prediction model is established using MATLAB. The AdaBoost neural network algorithm successfully predicts the periodic pressure of the coal mining face by training with the sample data of the working resistance of the hydraulic support. The predicting accuracy is more than 95%.
Using Transport Activity-Based Model to Simulate the Pandemic
Authors: Kilani Moez , Diop Ousmane , Diop Ngagne
Published: January 2023

We use an activity-based transport model to simulate the progression of a virus at the regional scale. We analyse several scenarios corresponding to distinct situations and describing how small initial clusters of infected agents expand and reach a pandemic level. We evaluate the effectiveness of some public restrictions and compare the number of infections with respect to the base-case scenario, where no restrictions are in place. We consider the wearing of masks in public transport and/or in some activities (work, leisure and shopping) and the implementation of a lockdown. Our analysis shows that education, including the primary level, is one of the major activities where infections occur. We find that the wearing of masks in transportation only does not yield important impacts. The lockdown is efficient in containing the spread of the virus but, at the same time, significantly increases the length of the wave (factor of two). This is because the number of agents who are susceptible to be infected remains high. Our analysis uses the murdasp tool specifically designed to process the output of transport models and performs the simulation of the pandemic.
Can the Growth of the Digital Economy Be Beneficial for Urban Decarbonization? A Study from Chinese Cities
Authors: Yu Zhichun , Wan Yanjiao
Published: January 2023

An environmentally friendly city is a livable home for the future. Can the rapidly developing digital economy help decrease carbon emissions and realize a low-carbon and clean city promptly? This study focuses on examining how multi-dimensional digital economic growth has influenced CO2 emissions across 280 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2019. Findings discover that (1) An “n”-type curve nexus exists between CO2 emissions and the digital economy in Chinese cities, which means that digital economy expansion initially strengthens CO2 emissions, but at a certain level, it can help achieve the target of urban decarbonization; (2) The digital economy’s influence on CO2 emissions is spatially spilled and regionally heterogeneous, and by means of economies of scale and industrial composition upgrades, it can help the city to lower carbon emissions and benefit the low carbonization of neighboring cities. However, based on the “rebound effect”, the intermediary role of technological effects in reducing emissions in the short term is not apparent; (3) The expansion of trade openness and appropriately stringent environmental rules in line with national conditions are beneficial to lower CO2 emissions in the city and the surrounding cities in the short term. It is recommended that policy makers actively promote the development of the digital economy, strengthen exchanges and cooperation between cities, narrow the gap between cities, and actively learn the advanced management concepts of surrounding cities through the development of economies of scale and industrial structure transformation to accomplish the target of “carbon neutrality” sooner rather than later.
K-CTIAA: Automatic Analysis of Cyber Threat Intelligence Based on a Knowledge Graph
Authors: Li Zong-Xun , Li Yu-Jun , Liu Yi-Wei , Liu Cheng , Zhou Nan-Xin
Published: January 2023

Cyber threat intelligence (CTI) sharing has gradually become an important means of dealing with security threats. Considering the growth of cyber threat intelligence, the quick analysis of threats has become a hot topic at present. Researchers have proposed some machine learning and deep learning models to automatically analyze these immense amounts of cyber threat intelligence. However, due to a large amount of network security terminology in CTI, these models based on open-domain corpus perform poorly in the CTI automatic analysis task. To address this problem, we propose an automatic CTI analysis method named K-CTIAA, which can extract threat actions from unstructured CTI by pre-trained models and knowledge graphs. First, the related knowledge in knowledge graphs will be supplemented to the corresponding position in CTI through knowledge query and knowledge insertion, which help the pre-trained model understand the semantics of network security terms and extract threat actions. Second, K-CTIAA reduces the adverse effects of knowledge insertion, usually called the knowledge noise problem, by introducing a visibility matrix and modifying the calculation formula of the self-attention. Third, K-CTIAA maps corresponding countermeasures by using digital artifacts, which can provide some feasible suggestions to prevent attacks. In the test data set, the F1 score of K-CTIAA reaches 0.941. The experimental results show that K-CTIAA can improve the performance of automatic threat intelligence analysis and it has certain significance for dealing with security threats.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Disturbing Duo in Atherosclerosis, Inflammation and Atherothrombosis
Authors: Singh Puneetpal , Kumar Nitin , Singh Monica , Kaur Manminder , Singh Gurjinderpal , Narang Amit , Kanwal Abhinav , Sharma Kirti , Singh Baani , Napoli Mario Di , Mastana Sarabjit
Published: January 2023

Atherosclerosis is the formation of plaque within arteries due to overt assemblage of fats, cholesterol and fibrous material causing a blockage of the free flow of blood leading to ischemia. It is harshly impinging on health statistics worldwide because of being principal cause of high morbidity and mortality for several diseases including rheumatological, heart and brain disorders. Atherosclerosis is perpetuated by pro-inflammatory and exacerbated by pro-coagulatory mediators. Besides several other pathways, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and the activation of the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contribute significantly to the initiation and propagation of atherosclerotic plaque for its worst outcomes. The present review highlights the contribution of these two disturbing processes in atherosclerosis, inflammation and atherothrombosis in their individual as well as collaborative manner.
Floods Simulation on the Vedea River (Romania) Using Hydraulic Modeling and GIS Software: A Case Study
Authors: Popescu Cristian , Bărbulescu Alina
Published: January 2023

Extreme hydro-meteorological phenomena have become more frequent in recent years compared to the year 2000 in Europe, including Romania. Flooding occurs from heavy rainfalls favored by natural and anthropogenic factors such as the valley’s flat slope or settlements situated near the river. Ţigăneşti and Brânceni villages (from southern Romania) are no exception and have been affected by floods many times. One of these events is that from 2005, when the flow reached 676 m3/s (a value 80 times higher than the normal flow of the Vedea River) in Brȃnceni. This paper aims to present a simulation of the flood that occurred during 3–6 July 2005 and its impact on the settlements, roads, and land, using field observation (including some from 2005), GIS software (ArcGIS), software for flood simulations (HEC-RAS—Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System), and flow data from the Romanian National Institute of Hydrology. Simulations were run in HEC-RAS. The obtained flooded areas imported back into GIS (Geographic Information System) were used to determine the area covered by water and the length of affected roads. The surface and number of flooded buildings were calculated using different tools from ArcMap. Results were interpreted, commented on, and compared with data and maps provided by the Romanian Water National Administration. The simulation shows that the villages would be protected from the flood by building a levee along the Vedea River. Significant losses can be prevented, and money can be saved.
Modeling Potential Evapotranspiration by Improved Machine Learning Methods Using Limited Climatic Data
Authors: Mostafa Reham R. , Kisi Ozgur , Adnan Rana Muhammad , Sadeghifar Tayeb , Kuriqi Alban
Published: January 2023

Modeling potential evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important issue for water resources planning and management projects involving droughts and flood hazards. Evapotranspiration, one of the main components of the hydrological cycle, is highly effective in drought monitoring. This study investigates the efficiency of two machine-learning methods, random vector functional link (RVFL) and relevance vector machine (RVM), improved with new metaheuristic algorithms, quantum-based avian navigation optimizer algorithm (QANA), and artificial hummingbird algorithm (AHA) in modeling ET0 using limited climatic data, minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and extraterrestrial radiation. The outcomes of the hybrid RVFL-AHA, RVFL-QANA, RVM-AHA, and RVM-QANA models compared with single RVFL and RVM models. Various input combinations and three data split scenarios were employed. The results revealed that the AHA and QANA considerably improved the efficiency of RVFL and RVM methods in modeling ET0. Considering the periodicity component and extraterrestrial radiation as inputs improved the prediction accuracy of the applied methods.
Etika Bermedia Sosial Dalam Perseperktif NU
Authors: Ahmad Faruqi , Niam Misbachun , Fatmawati Novita , Uyun Aimmatul , Firdaus Isnaini Nur Nabila , Zulfahmi Muhammad Nofan
Published: January 2023

Abstract This research aims to find out the teachings of Nahdlatul Ulama in regulating morals or ethics in social media. So far, we know that social media is often misused in practice, such as: hate speech, spreading propaganda to fake news. so that it can lead to national disintegration and division. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a literature review approach.  the author found a number of explanations of the ethics of social media in the teachings of Nahdlatul Ulama which originate in the Al-Qur'an, Hadith, and other books. The research concludes that in the teachings of Nahdlatul Ulama it has provided various guidelines in using social media. The inculcation of ethics in social media by Nahdlatul Ulama is proven by the existence of various concepts of social media, starting from how to communicate properly to how to process news and its prohibitions. Nahdlatul Ulama explains the prohibitions or limitations contained in various explanations originating from the Al Quran, Hadith, and the books of the Nahdlatul Ulama community.  Suggestions for readers should be ethical or moral in exploring the world of social media.Keywords : Ethics, social media, NUAbstrakRiset ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui ajaran Nahdlatul Ulama dalam mengatur akhlak atau etika dalam bermedia sosial. selama ini, kita ketahui bahwa media sosial sering disalah gunakan dalam praktiknya, seperti: ujaran kebencian, menebar propaganda sampai berita bohong. sehingga dapat menimbulkan disintegrasi bangsa dan perpecahan. metode yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka. penulis menemukan sejumlah penjelasan etika bermedia sosial dalam ajaran Nahdlatul Ulama yang bersumber dalam Al-Qur’an, Hadist, dan kitab-kitab. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa didalam ajaran Nahdlatul Ulama telah memberikan berbagai tuntunan dalam bermedia sosial. Penanaman etika dalam bermedia sosial oleh Nahdlatul Ulama dibuktikan dengan adanya berbagai Konsep bermedia sosial, mulai dari cara berkomunikasi dengan baik sampai cara mengolah sebuah berita beserta larangannya. Nahdlatul Ulama menjelaskan larangan atau batasan yang terdapat dalam berbagai penjelasan bersumber dari Al Quran, Hadist, dan kitab-kitab masyarakat Nahdlatul Ulama. Saran bagi pembaca hendaklah beretika atau berakhlak dalam menjelajahi dunia media sosial.Kata Kunci : Etika, sosial media, NU
Educação, pandemia e plataformas digitais: mais conectados ou expostos?
Authors: Vieira Pereira Kadja Janaina
Published: January 2023

Considerando que ano de 2020, a população mundial se viu desafiada pela crise provocada pela pandemia de Covid-19, causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 e que no contexto educacional, plataformas digitais controladas por grandes corporações de tecnologia se apresentaram como estratégia inevitável para assegurar a manutenção das atividades escolares, este trabalho é um recorte de uma pesquisa sobre o avanço dessas empresas conhecidas pelo acrônimo GAFAM (Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple e Microsoft) na Educação brasileira durante o ano de 2020 e busca ampliar a discussão a partir do seguinte questionamento: estamos atentos ao modo de operação dessas empresas e as implicações relacionadas à quantidade maciça de dados produzidos diariamente pela comunidade escolar por meio dessas infraestruturas digitais?
Um relato de experiência sobre o uso do Google Docs na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA)
Authors: Patrocínio Patricia de Carvalho Candeia
Published: January 2023

Ao utilizar a informática como recurso no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, é importante levar em contavários aspectos, inclusive métodos e conteúdos de tais experiências e as formas de avaliação. Por isso, no atual contextoeducacional, em que os estudantes são nativos digitais, é preciso considerar a efetiva integração das tecnologias digitaisno currículo escolar. A partir desses pressupostos foram inseridas atividades remotas através do Google Docs. comobjetivo de promover a familiarização dos alunos da educação de jovens e adultos com os meios tecnológicos. Paraavaliar a experiência foram aplicadas atividades e questionários que embasaram os resultados deste relato. Conclui-seque o uso do Google Docs, especificamente na resolução de exercícios, colaborou com a melhoria na aprendizagemdos alunos. Portanto, nesta experiência, constata-se que o uso do Google Docs. foi positivo no ensino e aprendizagemremotos.
In Vitro Effect of a High-Intensity Laser on Candida albicans Colony Count
Authors: Momeni Ehsan , Didehdar Mojtaba , Sarlak Elham , Safari Malihe
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This study assessed the effect of a high-intensity laser on Candida albicans colony count. Methods: This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on standard-strain C. albicans (ATCC18804). Seventy-two samples with two different concentrations of C. albicans (104 cells/mL and 106 cells/mL) were randomly assigned to three groups of control, laser and nystatin. Each group included 12 samples from each concentration. In the nystatin group, 10 cc of nystatin suspension was added to the samples and mixed for 30-60 seconds. In the laser group, the Ga-Al-Ar diode laser with a 940-nm wavelength and 2-W power was irradiated to the samples with 0.4 mm tip diameter in non-contact mode (1-mm distance) at a speed of 1 mm/s. The suspensions in the three groups were cultured on the Sabouraud dextrose agar culture medium and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The number of C. albicans colonies was then counted and reported. The three groups were compared by ANOVA and Tukey’s test (alpha=0.05). Results: In both concentrations, the mean colony count in the nystatin group was significantly lower than that in the control (P<0.05) and laser (P<0.05) groups. The mean colony count in the laser group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The high-intensity laser with a 940-nm wavelength and 2-W power in non-contact mode can significantly decrease the C. albicans colony count in vitro, but its effect is lower than that of nystatin.
The Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Asnaashari Mohamad , Shojaeian Shiva , Mesgharani Ali , Mehrabinia Pegah
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This study assessed the effect of low-level laser (LLL) irradiation on the viability of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, human DPSCs were purchased from the cell bank of Iranian Genetic Resources and cultured in flasks containing Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 37°C, 5% CO2, and 95% humidity. The cells were stored in semi-confluent form, and the culture medium was refreshed every two days. The cells in the control group were not laser-irradiated, but the cells in the experimental groups were irradiated with 660-nm and 808-nm diode lasers with 4.1 J/cm2 energy density. Cell viability was assessed at baseline and after 24, 48, and 72 hours using the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The effects of laser irradiation, laser wavelength, and time on the percentage of cell viability were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results: The effects of laser irradiation and its wavelength (P=0.04), time of assessment (P<0.001), and the interaction effect of group and time (P=0.02) on cell viability were significant. Cell viability in 660-nm and 808-nm laser groups at 48 and 72 hours was higher than that of the control group; however, only the difference in cell viability between the 660-nm laser group and the control group at 72 hours was statistically significant (P=0.03). Conclusion: Considering the optimal effect of diode laser irradiation (particularly 660 nm) on the viability of DPSCs, we conclude that it may be suitable for relevant clinical applications.
The Effect of Beam Direction on Absorption and Transmission of Ultraviolet to Infrared Wavelength Regions in Three Different Dentin Thicknesses
Authors: Eslami Elmira , Kazeminejad Ezatolah , Karimian Azizeh , Khandan Fadafan Hasan
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Lasers and optics have been used extensively in dental procedures in recent years, and realizing the optical properties of the tooth is also an essential in its successful applications. The aim of this study was to compare the absorption and transmission of applied wavelengths in the range of 190–1100 nm at different dentin thicknesses and the effect of changing the direction of radiation emission on the dentin tubules. Methods: There were fifteen dentin specimens with thicknesses of 300, 600, and 1000 mm, five specimens for each thickness, prepared through a transverse section of the coronal dentin over the pulpal roof area of human molars. Considering the coronal-apical and apical-coronal directions, we measured the absorption and transmission of parallel light rays perpendicular to the dentin samples in different thicknesses and two directions with a Cecil CE 7400 UV/Vis spectrometer. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 19. P value<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The absorption rate of the ultraviolet wavelength range was significantly higher than that of visible and infrared light irradiation from both directions at three thicknesses (P<0.001). The radiation shift direction had no significant differences in the absorption and transmission of wavelengths of ultraviolet, visible, and infrared light in any of the three thicknesses (P>0.05). Conclusion: Accordingly, attenuation or transmission losses of light in the ultraviolet to infrared range clearly depend on the wavelength of light and the optical properties of dental dentin, and the thickness of the dentin used in this study has a little effect.
Low-Level Laser Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Review of Experimental Approaches
Authors: Hossein-khannazer Nikoo , Kazem Arki Mandana , Keramatinia Aliasghar , Rezaei-Tavirani Mostafa
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory and autoimmune disorder that is characterized by joint inflammation, pain, physical disability, and morning stiffness. In the present study, the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on RA was reviewed. Methods: "Low-level laser therapy", "rheumatoid arthritis disease", and "photobiomodulation" keywords were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Medline. Results: A literature survey led to a discussion about the immunology of the RA, laser therapy, mechanism of LLLT action, and anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of LLLT. Conclusion: It was concluded that LLLT could improve RA patients’ quality of life, reduce pain, and enhance physical movement.
Factors that Motivate The Act of Earnings Management
Authors: Jesslyn Janet , Susanto Yulius Kurnia , Wijaya Williem Chahya
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of return on asset, financial leverage, firm size, firm age, fixed asset turnover, free cash flow, sales growth, audit quality, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, board size, and audit committee on earnings management. The population used in this research are non financial companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019. The sample used for this research consists of 195 listed non-financial companies. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method, tested and analyzed using multiple regression method. The result of this research shows that return on asset, financial leverage, sales growth, and audit committee has positive influence while fixed asset turnover and free cash flow has negative influence on earnings management, moreover the other independent variables such as firm size, firm age, audit quality, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, and board size have no influence on earnings management.
Faktor-Faktor mempengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan non-Keuangan yang tedaftar di Bursa Efek Indoensia
Authors: Marcella Marcella , Mungniyati Mungniyati
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of independent variables on firm value. This study uses a variable performance ratio, leverage ratio, profit sustainability ratio, shareholder's equity ratio, profitability, dividend payout ratio, firm size, firm productivity and firm age. The population used in this study were non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2017. There were 118 non-financial companies selected to be used as the final sample and the hypothesis tested using multiple regression analysis This study shows that the performance ratio, dividend payout ratio, firm productivity and firm age have an influence on firm value, while the leverage ratio, profit sustainability ratio, shareholder's equity ratio, profitability, and firm size do not affect the firm's value.
Faktor-Faktor yang memengaruhi Nilai Perusahaan Non-Keuangan di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Winata Stephanus Julio , Agustina Dewi
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze empirically the influence of profitability, liquidity, dividend policy, debt policy, institusional ownership, company size,company age,company profit, managerial ownership, and company growth to firm value.Sample of this research are the listed non financial companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2018. The samples are collected using purposive sampling method and there are 85 companies or 255 data meet those criteria for samples.This research uses multiple regression method for data analysis.The result of this research shows that profitability,debt policy,institusional ownership, company size,company profit, and company growth do have influence firm value, but liquidity, dividen policy, company age, and managerial ownership do not have influence firm value. Keywords: firm value, profitability, liquidity, dividen policy, debt policy, institusional ownership, company size, company age, company profit, managerial ownership, company growth.
Faktor-Faktor yang memengaruhi Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure
Authors: Gladiola Verina , Wirjawan Ricardo Suhendra
Published: January 2023

This study aims to obtain emprical evidence regarding the effect of foreign ownership, managerial ownership, institutional ownership, audit committee, board of commisioner size and leverage on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. The company used in this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2018-202. The method used in this research is purposive sampling and there are 49 companies and 136 data used in this research. This research uses multiple regressionn method in conducting data analysis. The result of the research stated that the variables of foreign ownership, audit committee, board of commisaries size and leverage have an influence disclosure of corporate social responsibility. While the variable of managerial ownership and intitutional ownership have no effect on disclosure of corporate social responsibility.
Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan dan Nilai Perusahaan
Authors: Melsia Melsia , Dewi Novy Silvia
Published: January 2023

Intellectual capitalmerupakan aset pengetahuan yang dimiliki perusahaan sebagai sumber daya yang kompetitif yang akan meningkatkan kemampuan perusahaan dalam bersaing dengan memberikan value addedbagi perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bukti empiris atas pengaruhintellectual capitalterhadap kinerja dan nilai perusahaan pada industri property and real estateyang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016 - 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan konstruk laten formatif dengan indikator Return on Asset(ROA), Current Ratio (CR) dan Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) sebagai indikator pembentuk konstruk kinerja perusahaan, indikator Price to Book Value(PBV) sebagai indikator pembentuk konstruk nilai perusahaan, serta indikator Value Added of Capital Employed(VACA), Value Added Human Capital(VAHU) dan Structural Capital Value Added(STVA) sebagai indikator pembentuk konstruk intellectual capital(VAICTM). Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknik analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Partial Least Square(PLS). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan, (1) Intellectual capitalberpengaruh positif secara signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan, dan (2) Intellectual capitalberpengaruh positif secara signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.
ALTERNATIVAS PARA REDUÇÃO DE ROMPIMENTOS DE CABOS DE FIBRA ÓPTICA DEVIDO ÀS OBRAS DE DUPLICAÇÃO DA BR-116
Authors: GOMES DA SILVA BRUNO
Published: January 2023

Optical networks have revolutionized the data transmission system, with high speed evenover long distances, with little signal loss and high quality. The problem in question is that in thescope of duplication works there are many disruptions in the optical fiber networks. Keywords: Fiber optic cables, Construction, Domain range. The objective of this work was to analyze the cases of rupture of fiber optic cables in the BR-116 domain range, between Km 511 and km 516,focusing on those caused by civil construction works and to build the domain range of the networks present, thus enabling the reduction of this problem through alternatives for the relocation of cables. The methodology presented is essentially of a qualitative nature, with the purpose of qualifying the region's optical fiber network. The results presented show the importance of implementing the suggested alternatives in order to reduce damages and losses totelephone and civil construction companies.
BEHAVIOUR AND DURABILITY OF GRAPHENE CONCRETE COMPOSITE AGAINST ACID AND SULPHATE ATTACKS
Authors: El-Hawary Moetaz , Mataqi Mohammad , Ben-Nakhi Ammar
Published: January 2023

Graphene is a Nano-material whose tensile strength is about two-hundred times higher as compared to steel. The effects of graphene-concrete composite on the properties of concrete have been investigated in this paper. A mix with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.4 was designed. The graphene powder was introduced as 0.5 percent, one percent, one-and-a-half percent and two percent (designated as GC2). The control mix was prepared without mixing the graphene powder. The same size and type of aggregates were used for all these concrete mixes. For each mix, resistance to acid (H2SO4) and sulphate (Na2SO4) attacks, compressive strength, water absorption, compressive strength development over time, compressive stress-strain relationship, split tensile strength, and modulus of rupture were determined. It was found that the addition of graphene increased the acid and sulphate resistance, and absorption. The acid resistance of concrete improved for all the employed mixes. The highest improvement was achieved for the GC2 mix. On the other hand, an overall decrease in water absorption of the mixes was noticed. Moreover, the addition of graphene increased the bulk and apparent density of the mix and decreased the volume of permeable voids.
Igreja, Povo de Deus
Authors: Biancão Ronivalder
Published: January 2023

O presente artigo pretende fazer uma análise da vida e atuação episcopal de Dom Paulo Evaristo Arns na Arquidiocese de São Paulo, procurando salientar como as ações pastorais e o modelo eclesial vislumbrado pelo prelado se mostraram uma efetiva aplicação dos elementos nucleares da Teologia conciliar sobre a identidade e missão da Igreja. Para isso, em primeiro lugar, serão feitas considerações sobre as perspectivas eclesiais e pastorais assumidas pela Igreja Católica a partir do Concílio Vaticano II as quais influenciaram grandemente D. Paulo. Em segundo lugar, serão apresentados, à luz da história de vida do arcebispo metropolitano, acontecimentos e iniciativas suas que muito marcaram a memória da Igreja de São Paulo sob o seu pastoreio. E por último, serão destacadas as características do aggiornamento eclesial a partir das preocupações e das práticas pastorais impressas pelo Cardeal Arns na caminhada da Igreja de São Paulo, caracterizadas pela tríade ministerialidade, colegialidade e corresponsabilidade.
The Impact of Augmented Reality on the Learning Abilities of Primary and Secondary Students at the Cognitive and Affective levels: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Qianqian , Tsai Peihua
Published: January 2023

Objective - The present study investigates the impact of augmented reality (AR) on the learning abilities of primary and secondary students at the cognitive and affective levels.

Methodology/Technique - The data of 59 relevant domestic and international studies between 2010 and 2021, including 83 studies and 4123 samples, were analyzed through CMA for meta-analysis.

Finding - The overall effect size of AR technology on the teaching effectiveness of primary and secondary school students was 0.598, which had a positive contribution. The impact of AR technology on primary and secondary school students was stronger at the affective levels than at the cognitive levels.

Novelty - In the process of learning with AR-assisted resources for primary and secondary school students, the school levels, teaching methods, and resource types did not differ significantly, and the differences in teaching outcomes were manifested in the different subject content.

Type of Paper - Empirical

Keywords: Augmented reality (AR); Learning effects; Meta-analysis; Primary and Secondary students; Cognitive; Affective.

JEL Classification: I21, I26.

Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Shen, Q; Tsai, P. (2022). The Impact of Augmented Reality on the Learning Abilities of Primary and Secondary Students at the Cognitive and Affective levels: A Meta-analysis, GATR-Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 10(4), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2022.10.4(1)
Students' Acceptance of Online Learning during Covid-19
Authors: Woan-Lin Beh , Yew-Hoe Ku
Published: January 2023

Objective - Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) has implemented online learning methods during Covid-19. Students from the Faculty of Science, UTAR, face enormous challenges during this period as they need to attend all classes through a synchronous or asynchronous environment which is significantly different from their experiences within-person classes. Therefore, this aims to explore the level of acceptance of online learning among students from the Faculty of Science during the period that the movement control order was in place. Secondly, the study aims to determine the influence of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude toward online learning the students during the pandemic.

Methodology/Technique - A quantitative study approach is employed in this paper. Hence, the targeted population comprises final-year to-year students from the Faculty of Science, UTAR, with data collected through a convenient sampling approach with a minimum size of 150. The survey was distributed through MS Teams. The conceptual research model is developed based on a technology acceptance model (TAM). The model is analysed by Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling.

Finding - The findings of this study have a significant impact on the level of acceptance of online learning among the Faculty of Science students. The study concludes that online learning systems and platforms are easy to use and indirectly benefit students' learning performance. In conclusion, learning attitude towards online learning, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness have a positive influence on the level of acceptance of online learning practices.

Novelty - This study addresses the concern of stakeholders for how online learning affects student satisfaction during the period that the movement control order was in place, with a particular focus on science-based subjects that required in-person practical tutorials in the lab.

Type of Paper - Empirical

Keywords: Online Learning; Covid-19 Pandemic; Level of Student Acceptance; Partial Least Squares; Technology Acceptance Model

JEL Classification: I21, I23

Reference to this paper should be referred to as follows: Lin, B.W; Hoe, K.Y. (2022). Students' Acceptance of Online Learning during Covid-19, GATR-Global J. Bus. Soc. Sci. Review, 10(4), 229–236. https://doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2022.10.4(2)