bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapeamento de regiões de susceptibilidade de contaminação por hidrocarbonetos provenientes de postos de revenda de combustí-veis em João Pessoa - Paraíba
Authors: Leite Bruno José de Macedo , Antunes Aline Flávia Nunes Remígio
Published: May 2021

É evidente que os postos de combustíveis apresentam riscos de possível contaminação de água e solo, sendo assim de interesse público o mapeamento e estudo desses estabelecimentos para garantir a prevenção contra contaminação de poços de abastecimento e mananciais, principalmente. Ademais, a legislação municipal, os critérios e as exigências, para obtenção de licenças ambientais devem estar em consonância com as características físicas locais. Nesta visão, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a susceptibilidade de contaminação por hidrocarbonetos provenientes de postos de combustíveis no município de João Pessoa e assim gerar mapas de susceptibilidade elencando as áreas de maior potencial de contaminação e proximidade de postos de combustível de áreas limítrofes de rios, através de cruzamento de dados espaciais e bibliográficos de pedologia, hidrogeologia e declividade. Além de analisar esses pontos com base na legislação vigente. A partir desses resultados, foi possível, de maneira geral, observar que a maioria dos postos não respeita a distância mínima entre as unidades descritas pela legislação e que a susceptibilidade de João Pessoa varia, em sua maioria territorial, entre moderada e crítica. Portanto, o geoprocessamento apresentou-se como uma ferramenta muito eficiente no tratamento desses dados, enaltecendo sua grande contribuição na área de estudos e monitoramentos ambientais.
Utilização do carvão ativado da casca da laranja no tratamento sustentável e de baixo custo da água de um poço tubular localizado no semiárido paraibano
Authors: Silveira Pedro Lucas Nunes da , Dionízio Pedro Queiroz , Santos Filho Josenildo Isidro , Duarte Marco Túlio Lima , Silva Aldeni Barbosa da , Silva Filho Edmilson Dantas da
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a eficácia da utilização do carvão ativado da casca da laranja no tratamento sustentável e de baixo custo da água de um poço tubular localizado no semiárido paraibano. As atividades foram realizadas no Laboratório de Química (LQ) do IFPB, campus de Campina Grande – PB e no Laboratório de Carvão Ativado da UFPB. As amostras de água foram coletadas em um poço tubular localizado na zona rural do município Pocinhos-PB. Os Parâmetros analisados foram: acidez Carbônica, alcalinidade, dureza de Cálcio, dureza de magnésio, dureza total, cloreto, pH, Condutividade elétrica, percentual de cinzas, sólidos totais dissolvidos e Cor. O processo de análise das águas foi dividido em três partes, na primeira se deu a análise das águas antes do filtro, na segunda parte foram analisadas as amostras após a passagem em um filtro convencional e, na terceira parte foi avaliada a eficiência do acréscimo de uma camada do carvão ativado da casca de laranja. Com a utilização do filtro com a camada de carbono ativado de casca de laranja, observou-se uma redução nos valores de pH, porcentagem de cinzas, sólidos totais dissolvidos, condutividade elétrica, acidez carbônica, alcalinidade, cloreto e dureza total. Conclui-se que as associações do filtro convencional com o carvão ativado da casca da laranja geraram grande eficiência na diminuição de todos os parâmetros analisados. Porém, a água do poço tubular não pode ser consumida pela população humana, pois os parâmetros sólidos totais dissolvidos, cloreto e dureza total ainda se encontram fora dos padrões exigidos pela legislação Brasileira.
Prevalencia y factores asociados al abandono del implante subdérmico de Etonogestrel, Azogues, Ecuador, 2014-2017
Authors: Cordero Calle María Cristina , Vintimilla Maldonado Jaime Rosendo
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: The national plan for maternal and neonatal death reduction considers birth control as one of the best methods to reduce unwanted pregnancies, non-therapeutic abortions and maternal deaths, in this way the discontinuation of subdermal Etonorgestrel implant is a public health issue. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and associated factors of contraceptive discontinua-tion, of subdermal Etonorgestrel implant, in patients from Azogues (03D01 Health District), from 2014 to 2017. METHODOlOGY: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study universe included all sub-dermal Etonorgestrel implant users, the study sample included 234 patients, selected by simple ran-dom sampling. The data was obtained and analyzed with the SPSS Software, 2015 version. Significant association was considered with a value of p < 0.005. RESUlTS:The sample age was between 13 and 46 years, 58.5 % were married, 49.1 % lived in the urban area. The prevalence of contraceptive discontinuation for Etonorgestrel implant was 33.3 % [95 % CI 26.98 - 39.02]; and it was associated with: menstrual cycle disturbances that affected quality of life [PR 3.9, 95 % CI 3 .1 – 5.0, p < 0.001], with weight increase> 10 kg [RP 3.5, 95 % CI 2.8 – 4.0,p < 0.001], severe headache [RP 3.7, 95 % CI 3.0 – 5.0, p < 0.001], pain at the insertion site [RP 3.1, 95 % CI 2.6 – 4.0, p 0.004] and pregnancy planning [RP 3.3, 95 % CI 2.7 – 4.0, p < 0.001]. CONClUSION: The prevalence of contraceptive discontinuation of the subdermal Etonogestrel implant in our population was 33.3% and it is associated with the drug side effects. KEYWORDS: CONTRACEPTION, PREVALENCE, SECONDARY EFFECT, DEVICE REMOVAL, PREGNANCY, RE-PRODUCTIVE HEALTH.
Prevalencia y Factores Asociados al Sobrepeso en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Cuenca, 2016
Authors: Vanegas Bravo Marcia Alexandra , Álvarez Serrano Marlene Elizabeth , Cabrera García Michael Andrés , Jaramillo Álvarez Christian Andrés , Moscoso Vanegas Adrián Patricio , Moscoso Vanegas Juan José
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Overweight is a global public health problem and it is associated with modifiable factors. The universitary population is not exempt from its influence and its prevalence is rising, so it is a matter of increasing interest. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the associated factors with overweight in undergraduate students of Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Cuenca. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional design, included 250 students, randomly selected from the 2016 school year record. We analyzed age, sex, marital status and residence. To determine overweight, we used the Body Mass Index; lifestyle was determined by FANTASTIC test, physical activity using IPAQ and insulin resistance by HOMA-IR. We determined the overweight prevalence; the association between overweight and other variables was obtained with PR (IC95%). RESUlTS: The age of the study population ranged from 18 to 26 years, with an average of 20.4 ± 1.9 years, 70.8% between the age of 18 and 21, 82% were students of first to fifth term. The female sex constituted 55.6% of the sample; most of the sample was single (93.2%) and urban residents (78%). The prevalence of overweight was 26.8% (21.6 – 32.6), more common in women and in students from 18 to 21 years old. There was association between overweight and physical activity [RP 4.2 (IC95%: 1.1 – 16.4)] (p= 0.010) and between overweight and insulin resistance [RP 3.1 (IC95%: 2.1 – 4.5)]( p < 0.00)1. There was no association with the lifestyle. CONClUSION: The prevalence of overweight in the population was similar to the prevalence reported in literature. There was association between overweight and sedentary lifestyle and insulin resistance, but there was not association with lifestyle. KEYWORDS: OVERWEIGHT, LIFESTYLE, SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE, INSULIN RESISTANCE, PREVALENCE
Adenoma Pleomorfo de Parótida, Manejo Quirúrgico: A Propósito de un caso
Authors: Barragán Cabezas Wilson Omar , Cueva Loaiza Jeanina Vanessa , Cedeño Reyes María Gabriela , Regalado Rosas Ruth Catalina , Villacrés Silva Diana Alejandra
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands, particularly of the parotid gland. The main characteristic of this benign tumor is its slow growth, causing the noticeable presence of facial or cervical mass. The treatment is surgery, with the main risk of postoperative facial paralysis. We present a case report, resolved surgically with a partial pa-rotidectomy, which involves dissection of the facial nerve. CASE REPORTS: A 34 year old female patient, seeking medical attention due to a slow-growing mass in the right parotid region. Patient denied associated symptoms. After CT and Fine needle puncture, the patient was diagnosed of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland, and treated with right partial parotidectomy. EVOlUTION: The surgical technique used is described on literature, with a variant in the incision type. We used modified Blair incision. The whole tumor was removed. After surgery patient presented with facial paralysis, she was treated with corticoids. Patient was discharged with a House Brackmann 1 score. CONClUSIONS: Accordingly with literature, the resolution of this pathology is surgical, paratidectomy is the only treatment that avoids the mass causing damage to adjacent structures, like the facial nerve. The proper identification and dissection of this nerve, is one of the main concerns of the procedure. KEY WORDS: PAROTID GLAND, PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA, HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASM, FACIAL PARALYSIS
Normative Women and Patriarchal Hegemony in Ariyoshi Sawako’s Hanaoka Seishu no Tsuma (1966)
Authors: Ariefa Nina Alia , Pratiwi Andhika
Published: May 2021

This research examines the depiction of normative women in the Edo period (1603-1868) in the novel entitled Hanaoka Seishu no Tsuma (1966) by Ariyoshi Sawako, a Japanese female writer in the post World War II Showa era. Reflecting on the novel’s normative female characters, it analyzes the silenced voices of women. It will contribute to the discussion on how the normative female figures criticizing the patriarchal hegemony that has not been revealed in the literary canon of the Edo period. This research shows how normative women characters are presented in the text as a feminine strategy to criticize this hegemony. The researchers use feminist criticism theory from Butler’s gender performativity (1990). The study concludes that although normative women characters are commonly represented as men dominating women, those can also be used to criticize the patriarchal hegemony.
New class of sixth-order nonhomogeneousp(x)-Kirchhoff problems with sign-changing weight functions
Authors: Hamdani Mohamed Karim , Chung Nguyen Thanh , Repovš Dušan D.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we prove the existence of multiple solutions for the following sixth-orderp(x)-Kirchhoff-type problem

−M∫Ω1p(x)|∇Δu|p(x)dxΔp(x)3u=λf(x)|u|q(x)−2u+g(x)|u|r(x)−2u+h(x)inΩ,u=Δu=Δ2u=0,on∂Ω,$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \begin{cases} -M\left( \int\limits_{\it\Omega} \frac{1}{p(x)}|\nabla {\it\Delta} u|^{p(x)}dx\right){\it\Delta}^3_{p(x)} u = \lambda f(x)|u|^{q(x)-2}u + g(x)|u|^{r(x)-2}u + h(x) &\mbox{in}\quad {\it\Omega}, \\[0.3em] u = {\it\Delta} u = {\it\Delta}^2 u = 0, \quad &\mbox{on}\quad \partial{\it\Omega}, \end{cases} \end{array}$$

whereΩ⊂ ℝNis a smooth bounded domain,N>3,Δp(x)3u:=div⁡(Δ(|∇Δu|p(x)−2∇Δu))$\begin{array}{} N \,\,\gt\,\, 3, {\it\Delta}_{p(x)}^3u\,\, : =\,\, \operatorname{div}\Big({\it\Delta}(|\nabla {\it\Delta} u|^{p(x)-2}\nabla {\it\Delta} u)\Big) \end{array}$is thep(x)-triharmonic operator,p,q,r∈C(Ω), 1
 0,λ> 0,g:Ω× ℝ → ℝ is a nonnegative continuous function whilef,h:Ω× ℝ → ℝ are sign-changing continuous functions inΩ. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is one of the first contributions to the study of the sixth-orderp(x)-Kirchhoff type problems with sign changing Kirchhoff functions.
»Ein jedes Volk hat seine Grösse«
Authors: Kruschwitz Hans
Published: May 2021

This article reconstructs the continuity of Moses Hessʼ orientation towards the ideal of the ›old, holy nation-state‹ of the Jews from the beginning of his philosophical and political writings in the 1830s to the time of his Zionist engagement in the 1860s. In particular, it presents a new reading of his writings that also traces his conflict with Marx and Engels in the years from 1845 to 1847 back to this orientation.
Early Modern Anti-Jewish Invective in Germany: The ›Judenfeind‹ (1570; 1605) of Pastor Georg Nigrinus, Roots and Reaction
Authors: McDonald William C.
Published: May 2021

Der Judenfeind (1570), eine virulent antijüdische, polemische Schrift des prominenten evangelischen Theologen und Pfarrers Nigrinus (Georg Schwartz), die vorwiegend an die hessischen Landgrafen adressiert ist, gewährt uns Einblicke in die zeitgenössische Rezeption von Martin Luthers »Von den Juden und ihren Lügen.« Uns schockiert die feste Überzeugung von Nigrinus, dass seine vom tiefsten Judenhass animierte Schmähschrift eine Hommage an Luther darstellen sollte. Bei seinen Bestrebungen, deutsche Herrscher dazu anzuspornen, die Juden aus ihren Gebieten zu vertreiben, scheiterte Nigrinus. Trotzdem werden seine Hetzbefunde regelmäßig bei denjenigen Autoren zitiert, die bestrebt sind, die Juden als eine der christlichen Umwelt problematische sowie bedrohliche Präsenz zu brandmarken.
Transcriptome analysis of resistance mechanism to potato wart disease
Authors: Li Peihua , Fan Ruihong , Peng Zhengsong , Qing Yuan , Fang Zhirong
Published: May 2021

To understand the molecular mechanism of the resistance to potato wart disease, we used the potato cultivar Qingshu 9 as the experimental material and prepared potato samples with different levels of disease through inoculation. The RNAs of the samples were extracted, and transcriptome analysis was performed on the samples not infected by the disease (control group) and also on the samples with different levels of disease, with the aid of high-throughput sequencing. Next, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with the resistance to potato wart disease were identified based on the analysis results. Using bioinformatic tools, the DEGs were functionally annotated, classified, and enriched in related metabolic pathways. The main results are as follows: Compared with the control group, 4 DEGs were identified in the samples with light disease, 52 were found in the samples with medium disease, and 214 were discovered in the samples with heavy disease. Potato mainly resists the wart disease by suppressing its gene expression, and the degree of suppression depends on the level of the disease; the disease resistance might be dominated by cellular nucleic acid-binding protein, AP2-like transcription factor, and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. This research provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of potato resistance against wart disease.
Vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes population
Authors: Pokhrel Sushant , Giri Nisha , Pokhrel Rakesh , Pardhe Bashu Dev , Lamichhane Anit , Chaudhary Abhisek , Bhatt Mahendra Prasad
Published: May 2021

This study aims to assess vitamin D deficiency-induced dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in poor glycemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. This study was carried out among 455 T2DM patients involving poor glycemic control (n = 247) and good glycemic control (n = 208). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c were measured to assess glycemic control. Cardiac risk ratio, atherogenic index plasma, and atherogenic coefficient were calculated to assess and compare the CVD risk in different groups. Patients with poor control had a significantly higher level of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and non-high-density lipoprotein lipase cholesterol (non-HDL-C), atherogenic variables, and lower level of high-density lipoprotein lipase cholesterol (HDL-C) as compared to patients with good glycemic control. We also observed significant negative correlation of vitamin D with lipid markers and atherogenic variables in poor glycemic control diabetic population. The serum vitamin D levels were inversely associated with HbA1c, FPG, TG, TC, and non-HDL-C. Furthermore, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated non-HDL-C were the independent risks in hypovitaminosis D population. Vitamin D deficiency in poor glycemic control is likely to develop dyslipidemia as compared to vitamin D insufficient and sufficient groups. Thus, vitamin D supplementation and an increase in exposure to sunlight may reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications in diabetes.
Framework-based security measures for Internet of Thing: A literature review
Authors: Rueda-Rueda Johan Smith , Portocarrero Jesus M. T.
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a review of state-of-the-art security frameworks for IoT applications. It aims to find out what alternatives have been proposed to guide IoT application developers in the implementation of security measures through all development phases. In this literature review, we identified 21 security frameworks, and we analyzed them from IoT application domains addressed and IoT elements protected. We find four application domains: generic, smart cities, smart car/VANET, and smart infrastructures. Concerning elements protected, we analyzed the frameworks through protected application resources and we also consider security properties in this paper. Our two principal findings are: (i) Even though there are a wide variety of security frameworks, we did not find a proposal that addresses all the layers of an IoT application (device, network, service and application) and all development phases (analysis, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance), (ii) Addressing security from the design phase allows IoT developers to have a broader perspective of the system, avoiding massive changes to be made in later stages, saving costs and time. This gap and concerns enable various research on security by design and secure development to be carried out, and proposed frameworks to address the identified problems.
Modelling adiabatic flame temperature for methane with an overview for advanced combustion process: flameless combustion
Authors: Imakhlaf Anis , Beghidja Abdelhadi
Published: May 2021

In this study, we have carried out to modeling by mathematical equations the environment of the combustion chamber under some conditions using the software MATLAB in order to make an adequate algorithm of resolution and get solution of the different equations that taken part in the phenomenon of combustion, so the first was to identifies the kind of the fuel to use in that model (taking Methane as fuel combustion) and minimizing the reduction of novice gas burned is in priority, for this, we want to establish the optimal values to take to preserve the environment, especially from CO2 and CO emissions, secondly, its nature according to the equivalent ratio (lean, stoichiometric or rich mixture), all variations of equivalent ratio, the third idea is to retrace the ways of a different product of the reaction and see their variations compared to the equivalent ratio, once traced, we can improvise which exact place in the reaction, a product will be finished either in the form of a gas or to decompose in order to bind to another and form another component. We also discussed the percentage of O2 and H2O emissions for an interesting viewpoint of the environmental aspect of hydrocarbon’s chemical reaction. Another additional part will be dedicated to the process of flameless combustion to write its mathematical equation, compare it with the so-called traditional one, and see the variations in the temperature according to the equivalent ratio.
Nudging openly – An experimental analysis of nudge transparency in a public goods setting
Authors: Große Hokamp Erika , Weimann Joachim
Published: May 2021

Around the world, policy makers and public authorities are increasingly turning to behaviorally informed interventions (“nudges”) in order to help tackle important contexts of public policy. Despite their impressive merit record, these policy tools have been heavily criticized as being obscure and manipulative, thus facing challenges for their legitimate assertion in the regulatory toolkit. In this study, we seek to assess whether transparency over the use of such interventions may constitute a viable way of addressing these ethical concerns, and focus particularly on the potentially moderating role of something we call “status quo experience”, i. e. subjects’ understanding of the behavioral consequences of different choice architectures. We conduct a laboratory experiment, whereby subjects play three rounds of a public good game, the first of which defaults them towards a fully non-cooperative contribution, while the rest default them towards a fully cooperative one. Subjects in our treatment groups further receive an “informational shock” at varying points in time, disclosing how and why a fully cooperative default contribution is being used. We find that providing subjects with informational disclosure about the nudge intervention did not result in significantly different aggregate behavioral measurements between control and treatment groups. This seems to be independent of status quo experience and of the timing of transparency provision. We nonetheless find some indication that the latter could help sustain cooperation over time.
Thermodynamic assessment of the Sb–S and In–S binary systems
Authors: Shi Chuang , Li Na , Zhang Weibin
Published: May 2021

The Sb–S and In–S binary systems were assessed thermodynamically using the CALculation of PHase Diagrams (CAL-PHAD) approach based on the experiment data in the literature. Both phase diagrams revealed a congruent melting compound and liquid immiscibility. Therefore, associate species, Sb2S3 and In2S3, were introduced into the associate model to describe the liquid phase during optimization. The binary intermediate compounds, Sb2S3, InS(α, β), and In6S7, were treated as stoichiometric phases. Considering the wide composition range, In2S3(α, β, γ), were modeled using the sublattice model. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters representing most of the reliable thermodynamic properties and phase diagram information were derived.
Psychogenic pseudo-myasthenic ptosis – management with ayurvedic medicines and Smriti meditation
Authors: Edavalath Mukesh , Kottil Satheesh , Hameed Febin
Published: May 2021

Objectives

Patients presenting with functional neurological symptoms like non-epileptic seizures and weakness have an underlying psychological component and tend to persist for a prolonged time, despite repeated evaluations and interventions. Ayurveda, with its holistic approach to health and disease, can provide better management for such disorders, in the form of customized treatment protocols and unique methods of psychotherapy.

Case presentation

The patient presented with drooping of both eyelids, initially diagnosed as ocular myasthenia, and later found to have psychogenic pseudo-myasthenic ptosis. She was evaluated based on ayurvedic parameters and managed successfully with ayurvedic treatment modalities of sodhana (dosha elimination), samana (pacifying), and a novel psychotherapy technique of Smriti meditation.

Conclusions

A holistic approach to the patient, as expounded by Ayurveda, is vital in evaluating and managing functional neurological complaints. Smriti meditation, in combination with selected ayurvedic medicines, is effective in managing psychosomatic manifestations as demonstrated in the present case.
Estimating Entropy Generation Rate for Ballistic-Diffusive Phonon Transport Using Effective Thermal Conductivity
Authors: Mansoor Saad Bin , Yilbas Bekir S.
Published: May 2021

The entropy generation rate in a low dimensional film is formulated incorporating the heat flux and effective thermal conductivity of the film material. In the analysis, the mathematical formulation employed is kept the same as that used in the diffusive regime. However, the entropy generation rate is corrected by replacing the bulk thermal conductivity with an effective thermal conductivity evaluated from the Boltzmann equation. The entropy generation rate using the phonon distribution from the equation of phonon radiative transport in the film material is employed. The results show that both formulations result in a very close match for the entropy generation rates.
Distributed lag models to identify the cumulative effects of training and recovery in athletes using multivariate ordinal wellness data
Authors: Schliep Erin M. , Schafer Toryn L. J. , Hawkey Matthew
Published: May 2021

Subjective wellness data can provide important information on the well-being of athletes and be used to maximize player performance and detect and prevent against injury. Wellness data, which are often ordinal and multivariate, include metrics relating to the physical, mental, and emotional status of the athlete. Training and recovery can have significant short- and long-term effects on athlete wellness, and these effects can vary across individual. We develop a joint multivariate latent factor model for ordinal response data to investigate the effects of training and recovery on athlete wellness. We use a latent factor distributed lag model to capture the cumulative effects of training and recovery through time. Current efforts using subjective wellness data have averaged over these metrics to create a univariate summary of wellness, however this approach can mask important information in the data. Our multivariate model leverages each ordinal variable and can be used to identify the relative importance of each in monitoring athlete wellness. The model is applied to professional referee daily wellness, training, and recovery data collected across two Major League Soccer seasons.
Winning and losing streaks in the National Hockey League: are teams experiencing momentum or are games a sequence of random events?
Authors: Steeger Gregory M. , Dulin Johnathon L. , Gonzalez Gerardo O.
Published: May 2021

The Saint Louis Blues were hot at the end of the 2018–2019 National Hockey League season, winning eleven games in a row in January and February, and eight of their last ten. They parlayed this momentum to their first Stanley Cup Championship in franchise history. Or did they? Did the series of wins at the end of the season give the Blues the momentum needed to reach the pinnacle of the sport on June 12th, or was the Blues’ path to victory the confluence of a series of random events that fell in their favor? In this paper we apply entropy as an unbiased measure to further refute the idea of momentum in sports. We show that game outcomes are not dependent on previous games’ outcomes and conclude that the theory of momentum, across the season, is a fallacy that should not affect behavior.
Sonazoid-enhanced ultrasonography and pathologic characters of CD68 positive cell in primary hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumors: A case report and literature review
Authors: Li Chen , Xu Jing-Yong , Liu Yuan
Published: May 2021

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal tumor rarely described in the liver. Sonazoid is a new ultrasound contrast with both vascular and post-vascular phases due to the uptake of Kupffer cell. CD68 is a defined immunohistorical staining marker for macrophage including Kupffer cell. No previous cases have been reported to reveal Kupffer images in the post-vascular phase by using Sonazoid and pathologic characters of CD68 positive cell in PEComa. Herein, we describe the first case to present Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) findings in Kupffer images and CD68 positive cell in hepatic PEComa which may lead to rethink of the phagocytic properties of macrophages.
Persistent SARS-CoV-2-positive over 4 months in a COVID-19 patient with CHB
Authors: Li Wenyuan , Huang Beibei , Shen Qiang , Jiang Shouwei , Jin Kun , Ning Ling , Liu Lei , Li Lei
Published: May 2021

In recent months, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a major public health crisis with takeover more than 1 million lives worldwide. The long-lasting existence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has not yet been reported. Herein, we report a case of SARS-CoV-2 infection with intermittent viral polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive for >4 months after clinical rehabilitation. A 35-year-old male was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia with fever but without other specific symptoms. The treatment with lopinavir-ritonavir, oxygen inhalation, and other symptomatic supportive treatment facilitated recovery, and the patient was discharged. However, his viral PCR test was continually positive in oropharyngeal swabs for >4 months after that. At the end of June 2020, he was still under quarantine and observation. The contribution of current antivirus therapy might be limited. The prognosis of COVID-19 patients might be irrelevant to the virus status. Thus, further investigation to evaluate the contagiousness of convalescent patients and the mechanism underlying the persistent existence of SARS-CoV-2 after recovery is essential. A new strategy of disease control, especially extending the follow-up period for recovered COVID-19 patients, is necessary to adapt to the current situation of pandemic.
Dynamical aspects of smoking model with cravings to smoke
Authors: Awan Aziz Ullah , Sharif Attia , Abro Kashif Ali , Ozair Muhammad , Hussain Takasar
Published: May 2021

The square-root dynamics of smoking model with cravings to smoke, in which square root of potential smokers and smokers is the interaction term, has been studied. We categorized net population in four different chambers: non-smokers/potential smokers, smokers/infected people, non-permanent smokers/temporary quitters and the permanent quitters. By dynamical systems approach, we analyzed our model. Moreover, for proving the unique equilibrium point to be globally stable, we took help of graph theoretic approach. The sensitivity analysis of the model is performed through the diseased classes effectively to design reliable, robust and stable control strategies. The model is designed like optimal control trouble to find out importance of various control actions on our system that are insisted by the sensitivity analysis. We have applied two controls, which are the awareness campaign through the media transmission to control the potential smokers and temporary quit smokers to become smokers and the treatment of smokers. Analytical and numerical methods are utilized for ensuring presence of these two control actions.
The first finding of a Greek amphora in Poland
Authors: Czopek Sylwester , Trybała-Zawiślak Katarzyna , Trąbska Joanna , Trybalska Barbara , Adamik-Proksa Joanna , Burghardt Marcin , Ocadryga-Tokarczyk Ewelina , Tokarczyk Tomasz , Rajpold Wojciech
Published: May 2021

In 2017, an expedition of the Institute of Archeology of the University of Rzeszów (Poland) carried out excavations on a hillfort belonging to the Scythian cultural circle (its forest-steppe variant) in Chotyniec, in south-eastern Poland. The hillfort is the central and most important point of a large settlement cluster, which is the furthest north-western enclave of this cultural circle. In an excavated cult object – the so-called ‘zolnik’ – we made an interesting discovery. Here we show this unique finding for the first time: a Greek wine amphora, from the beginning of the sixth century BC. We were able to explore and reconstruct it almost entirely. Amphora is the only artefact of this type found in the present Polish borders. The amphora was subjected to archaeometric research with the use of PLM, SEM/EDS, TXRF and ToF SIMS. The massive fabric was made of high calcium clay enriched in quartz and volcanic lithoclasts. The lack of chromium and nickel among trace elements makes the vessel different from the amphoras from the Eastern Meditteranean analysed so far, suggesting a specific workshop. Red painting was executed with very fine grained iron compounds predominantly based on aluminosilicates, enriched in phosphorus. Obviously, since it is associated with the presence of Scythians in Eastern Europe, it simultaneously delimits (geography-wise) the borders of Greek influence.
Rheological Study of Gemini Surfactants with Amide Groups
Authors: Zhu Zheng , Lu Xiaohao , Lin Liangliang , Xu Hujun , Gao Haiyan
Published: May 2021

In the present study, the micelle aggregation numbers and hydrodynamic radius distributions of the gemini surfactants (abbreviated as Cm-(EO)n-E-Cm (m = 12–16, n = 1, 2)) were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The rheological properties of these surfactants were determined using a rheometer. The Surfactants C14-(EO)-E-C14 and C16-(EO)-E-C16 formed worm-like micelles at a concentration of 200 mmol/L. It was found that longer hydrophobic chains or shorter linkage groups promoted the growth of worm-like micelles. Then, the influence of the inorganic salt NaBr and the organic salt sodium salicylate (NaSal) on the formation and properties of wormlike micelles in aqueous C16-(EO)-E-C16 solutions at a surfactant concentration of 20 mmol/L was investigated. The results showed that NaSal could penetrate deeper into the hydrophobic group of the micelle due to its good hydrophobic interaction, which promoted micelle growth and resulted in worm-like micelles. In addition, the tested systems showed a Maxwell behavior at lower frequencies, but deviated from the Maxwell mode at higher frequencies. Finally, the formation of worm-like micelles was also verified by micro polarity measurements.
Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Di-methyl Amino Ethyl Laurate Betaine Surfactant
Authors: Parikh Rutu , Godse Shital , Pawar Nitin , Pratap Amit
Published: May 2021

The growing need for sustainable natural-based surfactants from green chemistry has led to syntheses of surfactants without the use of solvents and without the generation of by-products when milder manufacturing processes are used. The zwitterionic betaine ester surfactants are derived from natural renewable sources and are biodegradable. In this research, the betaine ester surfactant 2-di-methylaminoethyllaurate betaine was synthesized from 2-di-methylaminoehanol and lauric acid derived from coconut oil in a three-step chemo-enzymatic esterification reaction. The enzymatic process was optimized in terms of operating parameters such as temperature, time, molar ratio and enzyme concentration, resulting in a yield of 87.91%. Structural analysis of the intermediate 2-di-methylaminoethyl laurate as well as the final product 2-di-methylaminoethyl laurate betaine was carried out with FTIR and 1H NMR. The surfactant properties of the betaine were also determined and showed that the betaine can be used as a co-surfactant in many cosmetic and personal care products.
Study on Interaction of Carboxylic Acid Gemini Surfactant with Cocamidopropyl Betaine in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Wang Ruijuan , Qin Ying , Yang Shuo , Wang Dong , Yin Zhigang
Published: May 2021

The interaction of carboxylic acid gemini surfactant 4,8-didodecyl-3,9-dioxo-6-hydroxy-4,8-diaza-1,11-undecanedicarboxylic acid (CGS12) with amphoteric surfactant cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) at 258C and pH 7.0 has been investigated using pH titration, surface tension, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) measurements. The pH titration results show that CGS12 exhibits anionic surfactant properties and CAPB exists as a zwitterionic form at pH 7.0. The surface tension results show that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of the CAPB/CGS12 mixture are low, and basically exhibit a decreasing trend with decreasing molar ratio of CAPB (XCAPB). The variation of the CMC of the mixture reveals that the mixing is close to ideal. The DLS results indicate that the CAPB/ CGS12 mixture mainly forms the larger aggregates with the hydrate radii approximately 70-145 nm at various XCAPB. The Cryo-TEM images further demonstrate the CAPB/CGS12 mixtures mainly form vesicles. The results indicate that the aggregate size and microstructure of the mixture change little with the variation of XCAPB.
Examining Different Alternatives to Delta Tc (ΔTc) as a Parameter to Screen Asphalt Binders
Authors: Komaragiri Satyavati , Filonzi Angelo , Guevara Eliud , Hazlett Darren , Mahmoud Enad , Bhasin Amit
Published: May 2021

The Superpave performance grading (or PG) framework or a variation of this framework is often used as a purchase specification in the United States and as a tool to evaluate the expected performance of modified and unmodified asphalt binders in many countries around the world. During the last decade and in response to changes in the use of modified binders and extenders, several modifications and improvements have been proposed and implemented to improve this framework. One such modification is the use of the ΔTc parameter, which is based on the stiffness and m-value of an asphalt binder measured at low temperatures, as a metric to screen asphalt binders that contain higher concentrations of potentially deleterious refining products or as an indicator for susceptibility to premature cracking. The estimation of this parameter requires the determination of the true low temperature grade of the asphalt binder based on measurements carried out using a bending beam rheometer at multiple temperatures. This study explores the expected variability associated with the determination of this parameter as well as alternative metrics that can be more easily used on a routine basis as a quality control tool to screen binders with a low ΔTc value. Based on the evaluation of nearly 200 binders from several different suppliers in and around the state of Texas, this study shows that a combined use of stiffness and m-value measured at the low grade test temperature of the asphalt binder can be used as an effective specification/screening tool to detect binders that result in a very low value of ΔTc.
Rapid ATF4 Depletion Resets Synaptic Responsiveness after cLTP
Authors: Amar Fatou , Corona Carlo , Husson Johanna , Liu Jin , Shelanski Michael , Greene Lloyd
Published: May 2021

Activating transcription factor 4 [ATF4 (also called CREB2)], in addition to its well studied role in stress responses, is proposed to play important physiologic functions in regulating learning and memory. However, the nature of these functions has not been well defined and is subject to apparently disparate views. Here, we provide evidence that ATF4 is a regulator of excitability during synaptic plasticity. We evaluated the role of ATF4 in mature hippocampal cultures subjected to a brief chemically induced LTP (cLTP) protocol that results in changes in mEPSC properties and synaptic AMPA receptor density 1 h later, with return to baseline by 24 h. We find that ATF4 protein, but not its mRNA, is rapidly depleted by ∼50% in response to cLTP induction via NMDA receptor activation. Depletion is detectable in dendrites within 15 min and in cell bodies by 1 h, and returns to baseline by 8 h. Such changes correlate with a parallel depletion of phospho-eIF2a, suggesting that ATF4 loss is driven by decreased translation. To probe the physiologic role of cLTP-induced ATF4 depletion, we constitutively overexpressed the protein. Reversing ATF4 depletion by overexpression blocked the recovery of synaptic activity and AMPA receptor density to baseline values that would otherwise occur 24 h after cLTP induction. This reversal was not reproduced by a transcriptionally inactive ATF4 mutant. These findings support the role of ATF4 as a required element in resetting baseline synaptic responsiveness after cLTP.
Adsorption of copper from waste printed circuit boards with modified orange peels
Authors: Özkan Aysun , Günkaya Zerrin , Yapıcı Ece , Banar Müfide
Published: May 2021

Copper adsorption from waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) was studied using biosorbents derived from waste orange peels (OP). The orange peels were modified by different methods including saponification with NaOH (OP-S), crosslinking with sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate (OP-C), hydroxypropylation with propylene oxide (OP-H), and acidification with citric acid (OP-A) to increase the adsorption capacity of orange peels. Adsorption tests on the copper (Cu) model solutions were performed by using native and modified orange peels at three different temperatures (25 °C, 40 °C, and 60 °C) to determine the optimum adsorption conditions. The PCB was pyrolyzed in a fixed bed stainless steel reactor to obtain a solid product that contained only inorganic material. Metals were then leached from the solid product, and adsorption studies were realized on the leach solution under optimum adsorption conditions. According to the analyses results, the best adsorption efficiency for the Cu model solution was obtained with OP-S at 25 C for 30 min. Under these conditions, the Cu adsorption efficiency from pyrolysis solid product was approximately 86%.
До питання про механізм фотонейтронних реакцій на легких ізотопах телуру в області 10–18 МеВ
Authors: Mazur V.M. , Bigan Z.M. , Derechkey P.S. , Pop O.M.
Published: May 2021

В iнтервалi енергiї гамма-квантiв 10–18 МеВ проведено вимiрювання виходу i розрахо-вано перерiз реакцiї 122Те(y, n)121Те. Одержаний перерiз спiвставляється з перерiзом реакцiї 120Те(y, n)119Te. Експериментальнi результати порiвнюються з теоретични-ми розрахунками, проведеними в рамках програмного пакета TALYS-1.9. Установлено домiнування статистичного механiзму для (y, n) реакцiй на дослiджуваних ядрах.
Vortex Structures and Electron Beam Dynamics in Magnetized Plasma
Authors: Maslov V.I. , Cheremnykh O.K. , Fomina A.P. , Kholodov R.I. , Novak O.P. , Ovsiannikov R.T.
Published: May 2021

We investigate the formation of vortex structures at the refl ection of an electron beam from the double layer of the Jupiter ionosphere. The infl uence of these vortex structures on the formation of dense upward electron fl uxes accelerated by the double layer potential along the Io flux tube is studied. The phase transition to the cyclotron superradiance mode becomes possible for these electrons. The conditions of the formation of vortex perturbations are considered. The nonlinear equation that describes the vortex dynamics of electrons is constructed, and its consequences are studied.
Mechanism of Defect Formation in Zr1 – xVxNiSn Thermoelectric Material
Authors: Romaka V.V. , Stadnyk Yu.V. , Rogl P.F. , Romaka L.P. , Krayovskyy V.Ya. , Horpenyuk A.Ya. , Horyn A.M.
Published: May 2021

Crystal and electronic structure, transport and energy state characteristics of the Zr1−xVx NiSn (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) thermoelectric material are investigated in the 80–400 K temperature interval. A mechanism of simultaneous generation of structural defects of the acceptor and donor nature, which determines the electric conductivity of the material, is established. It is shown that energetically expedient is a simultaneous occupation of the 4c position of Ni (3d84s2) atoms by V (3d34s2) atoms, which generates structural defects of the acceptor nature and the impurity acceptor band Ꜫ1A, as well as the 4a position of Zr (4d25s2) atoms, generating structural defects of the donor nature and the impurity donor band Ꜫ2D.
Оновлена модель еволюції мікроструктури лавоподіб-них паливовмісних матеріалів 4-го блока ЧАЕС. Коричнева кераміка
Authors: Gabielkov S.V. , Zhyganiuk I.V.
Published: May 2021

Модель еволюцiї мiкроструктури лавоподiбних паливовмiсних матерiалiв (ЛПВМ) 4-го блока Чорнобильської АЕС оновлено на прикладi коричневої керамiки. Пiдтверджено, що поведiнка ЛПВМ визначається не одним або декiлькома фiзичними i хiмiчними процесами, а їх взаємозв’язком i взаємовпливом. Фiзичнi та хiмiчнi процеси, що протiкають в ЛПВМ, доповнено ще двома новими. Уточнено вплив на поведiнку ЛПВМ ще одного ранiше вiдомого процесу. Додано новi стадiї еволюцiї мiкроструктури. Уточнено тривалостi вiдомих i визначено тривалостi нових стадiй. Представлено прогноз стану та поведiнки ЛПВМ. У найближчiй перспективi руйнування ЛПВМ не буде, у вiддаленiй – вони повнiстю зруйнуються. Оцiнено термiни руйнування ЛПВМ, розмiри частинок, на якi зруйнується склофаза. Всi включення оксидiв урану потраплять за межi ЛПВМ. Зерна оксиду урану зруйнуються до кiлькох мiкрон, а частина з них, можливо, i до субмiкронного рiвня. До 50 т мiкронних порошкiв оксидiв урану неминуче будуть брати участь у формуваннi аерозолiв, якi й представлятимуть основну небезпеку для людини. Запропоновано деякi методичнi та технологiчнi пiдходи до створення методiв твердофазного кондицiонування ЛПВМ.
Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Mengakibatkan Matinya Orang Oleh Anak (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2020/Pn.Kpn)
Authors: Ashshidiqi Muhammad Hasbi , Muslimin JM , Rambe Mara Sutan
Published: May 2021

This article discusses the conditions and situations where self-defense or self-defense is permitted when faced with a criminal act. This article discusses the terms and limits to which self-defense can be exercised. In addition, because this article discusses cases committed by children, this study will also discuss the Criminal Justice System for Children, starting from the principles to law enforcement against children who commit crimes.This research is a juridical-normative research using a case approach. The data in this study were collected using a literature study. The document that is the source of data in this study is the Decision of the Kepanjen District Court Number 1 / Pid.Sus-Anak / 2020 / PN.Kpn.The results of this study describe the qualifications of an act that is said to be forced defense that exceeds the limit (noodweer excess). In carrying out forced defending that goes beyond the limit, there must be great mental turmoil in addition to other conditions. Extreme mental shock is a condition that affects the mind, such as being very afraid, very panicked, very angry, and very confused. With these conditions, it affects the reason of a maker, so that he cannot possibly think about the consequences of his defense. Therefore, such actions cannot be punished because there are reasons or grounds for forgiveness.
Os diferentes xintoísmos no Japão pós Restauração Meiji
Authors: Luiz Leonardo Henrique
Published: May 2021

O objetivo do presente artigo consiste em propor formas conceituais de se abordar as diferentes expressões dos xintoísmos no Japão. Partimos dos eventos em torno da Restauração Meiji (1868) para sugerir pelo menos três formas de expressão da religião: a primeira enquanto manifestações de figuras sobrenaturais e o culto às divindades locais (神 – kami); a segunda chamada de Jinja Shintō (神社神道) é entendida como abarcando os santuários locais (神社 – Jinja) e as instituições religiosas ligados às famílias de sacerdotes; e a terceira ligada ao Estado japonês (国家神道 – Kōkka Shintō). Do ponto de vista teórico a religiosidade é compreendida a partir dos trabalhos de Mircea Eliade (2010), enquanto o conceito de religião é abordado por meio das elaborações de Pierre Bourdieu (2005). Esses corpos teóricos são flexibilizados a partir das reflexões sobre o que é religião no Japão (SHIMAZONO, 2005) e como o conceito ocidental de religião foi traduzido para o japonês (KRAMER, 2013). Como resultado, busca-se demostrar a existência de vários xintoísmos e que dessa forma, as abordagens sobre a religião devem ser flexibilizadas visando particularidades das manifestações do fenômeno.