bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artritis séptica por Streptococcus equi: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Echeverri-Toro Lina María , Castañeda Laura , Agudelo Carlos Andrés
Published: September 2019

En humanos las infecciones producidas por Streptococcus equi son de rara ocurrencia, tienen una amplia variedad de formas de presentación, incluyendo com­promiso articular, el cual ha sido pocas veces descrito en humanos y aún menos en pacientes inmunocompetentes. En este artículo se presenta un caso de artritis séptica por S. equi que ocurrió por una exposición ocupacional en un paciente inmunocompetente y la revisión de la literatura relacionada.
Can Teachers Distinguish Competencies From Entrustable Professional Activities?
Authors: Broussenko Mark , Burns Sarah , Leung Fok-Han , Toubassi Diana
Published: September 2019

Introduction: There has been a recent transition from the use of “competencies” to “entrustable professional activities” (EPAs) in medical education assessment paradigms. Although this transition proceeds apace, few studies have examined these concepts in a practical context. Our study sought to examine how distinct the concepts of competencies and EPAs were to front-line clinical educators. 
Methods: A 20-item survey tool was developed based on the University of Calgary Department of Family Medicine’s publicly available lists of competencies and EPAs. This tool required participants to identify given items as either a competency or an EPA, after reading a description of each. The tool was administered to a convenience sample of consenting clinical educators at 5 of the 14 training sites at the University of Toronto Department of Family and Community Medicine in 2018. We also collected information on years in practice, hours spent supervising per week, and direct involvement in medical education. 
Results: We analyzed a total of 60 surveys. The mean rate of correct responses was 45.3% (+/- 21.8%). Subgroup analysis failed to reveal any correlation between any of the secondary characteristics and correct responses.
Conclusion: Clinical educators in our study were not able to distinguish between competencies and EPAs. Further research is recommended prior to intensive curricular changes.
The role of woody plants in the formation of figurative and symbolic structure of memorial parks
Authors: Oleksiichenko Nadiia , Gatalska Nadiia , Mavko Mariana , Ostapchuk Oleksandr
Published: September 2019

The article presents the results of the research of the role of plants in the formation of the figurative and symbolic structure of the war memorial parks. It is determined that tree plants can play a role of the the indirect means of expressing the ideological load during different periods of the year. Some species of deciduous shrubs play this role only in autumn due to the red colour of not only fruits but also of foliage, in particular, the Viburnum opulus L., which is common in the war memorial parks in Kyiv, which emphasizes their ideological load due to the fruit and leaves in autumn colouring, as well as the symbolic meaning of this plant for Ukrainians. In winter, the plant act as the means of expressing the ideological load of the war memorial parks due to the shape and colour of the crown, branches, fruits (Rhus typhina L., Cornus mas 'Sibirica', Viburnum opulus L., Sorbus aucuparia 'Pendula'). Based on the results of an expert assessment of Kyiv memorial parks, the peculiarities of the use of woody plants in the formation of figurative and symbolic structure of the war memorial parks of Kyiv are revealed and a structural scheme is developed according to the semiotic levels of perception as per Barabanov (2002). It is discovered that using of plants is most widely represented in parks, which is based on the sign level of perception (collective unconscious) caused by the peculiarities of perception and interpretation of the lines, form and colour of the plant. In particular, within the researched parks, it was revealed that both the positive and the negative effects of the shape, size, colour and texture of the plants influence the perception of the memorial architectural components. When using symbols in the formation of figurative and symbolic structure of the park using plants two approaches to the formation of plant composition are revealed. The first is based on the use of symbolical for Ukrainian species of plants (Viburnum opulus L., Sorbus aucuparia L.), while plant groups are mono-species independent components of the composition. In the second approach, the matching of plants is based on the symbolic meaning of their morphological characteristics. In this case, the plants are located next to the memorial architectural objects as secondary components to enhance emotional influence and increase the information characteristics of the memorial. This approach to the use of plants for the formation of figurative and symbolic structure of the park is based on the symbolic level of semiotic units of perception, according to Barabanov (2002), which is determined by the sociocultural context that is formed within a certain social, historical period and territory.
Accurate fabrication of aligned nanofibers via a double-nozzle near-field electrospinning
Authors: Xu Guojie , Wang Han , Wang Zhifeng , Zhang Jiarong , Chen Rouxi , Zhu Ziming , Chen Xindu , Lin Yaju , Zhao Yixiang , Li Jianting , Chen Meixi , Li Yang , Xin Zhengyi , Lin Hongxin
Published: September 2019

The near-field electrospinning is considered as one of the most effective
techniques to direct-write aligned fibers which can be applied to various
high-tech areas, including energy harvester, tissue engineering, and
wearable sensors. For large area aligned pattern printing, the multi-nozzle
electrohydrodynamic print-ing is an efficient method to enhance
productivity. As a branch of electrohydro-dynamic printing technology, the
near-field electrospinning is a crucial concern to make an investigation for
the formation of aligned nanofibers. Here we fabricated various
nanostructures from beaded fibers to aligned fibers and crimped fibers by
the double-nozzle near-field electrospinning process. We found three key
parameters affecting the process, including the collector speed, the applied
voltage, and the electrode-to-collector distance, and the collector speed is
the key factor affecting the crimped frequency. This paper provides a
reliable experi-mental basis and theoretical guidance for the multi-nozzle
near-field electrospin-ning to accurately direct-write microfibers and
nanofibers.
Change mechanism of transient gas-liquid two-phase flow in wellbore during marine natural gas hydrate reservoir drilling
Authors: Wei Na , Sun Wan-Tong , Meng Ying-Feng , Liu An-Qi , Zhao Jin-Zhou , Xu Chao-Yang , Li Hai-Tao , Jiang Lin , Xu Han-Ming
Published: September 2019

In the drilling process of a marine natural gas hydrate reservoir, the
original temperature and pressure condition of the hydrate will change due
to the influence of construction, and gas will be released from the
hydrate. The decomposition gas makes the wellbore flow into a complex
gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow after entering into the wellbore, and thus
poses a great threat to the well control security. Accordingly a transient
gas-liquid two-phase flow drift flux mathematical model is established in
this paper. The numerical method is proposed and verified, and an example
analysis is carried out. Finally the change mechanism of transient
gas-liquid two-phase flow in wellbore is obtained. This study provides an
important foundation for the safe design of an offshore gas hydrate.
Meanwhile, it is of great positive significance to find the decomposition
gas and to optimize drilling parameters in the drilling process of a marine
natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Wetting and supercontraction properties of spider-based nanofibers
Authors: Yu Dan-Ni , Tian Dan , Zhou Chan-Juan , He Ji-Huan
Published: September 2019

Spider dragline silk has the highest strength among all natural or artificial
fibers. This paper is to take full advantage of this property to enhance
polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers by adding spider powders in the spun solution
by the electrospinning. The obtained spider-based nanofiber shows much
higher toughness than its polyvinyl alcohol partner. We also find that the
spider-based nanofibers have supercontraction and wetting properties
similar to those in the spider silks. This paper sheds a new light on a new
trend of nanobiomimetics.
Numerical approach to the time-fractional reaction-diffusion equation
Authors: Qiu Yu-Yang
Published: September 2019

The numerical solution to the time-fractional reaction-diffusion equation
with boundary conditions is considered in this paper. By difference, the
problem is transformed to solve a linear system whose coefficient matrices
are Toeplitz-like, and the solution can be constructed directly. Numerical
results are reported to show the feasibility of the proposed method.
Sea-silk based nanofibers and their diameter prediction
Authors: Tian Dan , Zhou Chan-Juan , He Ji-Huan
Published: September 2019

Diameter of sea-silk based nanofibers prepared by electrospinning is closely
related to the concentrations of sea-silk solution. A mathematical model is
established according the mass conservation law in fluid mechanics to
predict the diameter of fibers, and the MATLsoftware is used to fit the
experiment value. The results show that the fitted equation is quite
accurate and efficient for estimating the diameter of fibers with different
concentrations.
Highly selective penetration of red ink in a saline water
Authors: Zhou Chan-Juan , Tian Dan , He Ji-Huan
Published: September 2019

Water pollution has become a major global problem and requires an immediate
action. It was generally considered that pollutants were diffused gradually
from surface to underwater region, where plants and animals should have less
affected. However, diffusion of contamination is very slow in comparison
with penetration. Here we show saline water has a highly selective
penetration, and the penetration rate is much higher than that of
diffusion. An experiment was carried out using a drop of red ink as a point
pollution source to check both diffusion and penetration processes in
various salt solutions with different concentrations, the salt concentration
greatly affects the penetration process and there is a threshold value
beyond which no penetration occurs. An imaged capillary is adopted in this
paper to explain the selective penetration on a molecular scale, revealing
that the salt concentration and temperature will greatly affect the
capillary pressure and the penetration depth. Our results demonstrate that
the penetration is the main pollution dispersion, and we anticipate our
theory would shed light upon the major pollution problem from theoretical
analysis to pollution control.
Influence of fiber diameter on filtration performance of polyester fibers
Authors: Zhang Xin , Fan Yue-Sheng , Tian Guo-Ji , Wang Huan , Zhang Hong-Li , Xie Wei
Published: September 2019

The filtration performance of four kinds of coarse polyester filters commonly
used in the market was studied experimentally. The results showed that these
filter materials had better filtration efficiency for particles larger than
5 ?m. There was a significant difference among the same grade filters on
filtration efficiency and resistance. The maximum counting efficiency of all
four Samples can be achieved when the filtration velocity was 1.1 m/s. Fiber
diameter was one of the main influencing factors that affect the efficiency
and resistance of polyester filters. The comprehensive effect was
relatively good when the Sample fiber diameter was small.
Transient flows in a wellbore during killing of an empty well
Authors: Jiang Lin , Wei Na , Liu An-Qi , Meng Ying-Feng , Li Hai-Tao , Sun Wan-Tong , Zheng Li-Jun , Fu Qiang , Pang Wei-Xin
Published: September 2019

Failure to adequately equipping the wellhead with appropriate well control
equipment may result in a high pressure in the gas drilling when it reaches
a high-yield gas layer. This would require the execution of a well killing
operation to facilitate follow-up drilling and well completion. An empty
well of gas-phase brings implementation of a gas-liquid two-phase transient
flow, filling with killing mud. The operation may also entail coupling of
the transient seepage from the formation with the gas-liquid two-phase
transient flow through the wellbore. In this study, a mathematical model and
a numerical method for coupling the transient gas flow through the formation
with the gas-liquid two-phase transient flow in the wellbore were developed.
The numerical simulation results showed that successful killing of an empty
gas-drilled well required proper co-ordination of several key parameters
among which the wellhead backpressure is particularly crucial to the
operation. The findings of this study promise to facilitate the pro-cess
design and parameter optimization for the killing of empty gas-drilled
wells.
Exact solutions of the space-time fractional equal width equation
Authors: Ma Hongcai , Meng Xiangmin , Wu Hanfang , Deng Aiping
Published: September 2019

A class of fractional differential equations is investigated in this paper.
By the use of modified Remann-Liouville derivative and the tanh-sech method,
the exact bright soliton solutions for the space-time fractional equal width
are obtained.
Simplest exp-function method for exact solutions of Mikhauilov-Novikov-Wang equations
Authors: Zhang Sheng , You Caihong , Xu Bo
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the simplest exp-function method which combines the
exp-function method with a direct algorithm is used to exactly solve the
Mikhauilov-Novikov-Wang equations. As a result, two explicit and exact
solutions are obtained. It is shown that the simplest exp-function method
provides a simpler but more effective mathematical tool for constructing
exact solutions of non-linear evolution equations in fluids.
Influence of fin thickness on heat transfer and flow performance of a parallel flow evaporator
Authors: Li Haijun , Liu Enhai , Zhou Guanghui , Yang Fengye , Su Zhiyong , Xu Yunting , Jian Chenguang , Shi Shuailing
Published: September 2019

This paper studies numerically the influence of the louver?s fin thickness on
heat transfer and flow performance of a parallel flow evaporator, a
comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the five structures at different
Reynolds numbers are systematically carried out. Comparison of the numerical
results with the experimental data shows good agreement with maximal errors
of 12.16% and 5.29% for the heat transfer factor and the resistance factor,
respectively. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient and the
pressure drop increase with the increase of the thickness of the louver fins
when the Reynolds number is a constant. The analysis of the comprehensive
evaluation factor shows that the A-type fin is the best, and it can
effectively strengthen the heat exchange on the air side and improve the
heat transfer capacity of the system. The research results can provide
reference for the structural optimization of the louver fins.
Gestão de qualidade no processo de automação laboratorial
Authors: Ricelli Bruna , Amaral Juliana Gimenez
Published: September 2019

A introdução da automação laboratorial, nos últimos anos definiu um novo cenário para os laboratórios, que passaram a visar a eficiência e otimizar a qualificação e quantificação de falhas em todas as fases dos processos no laboratório clínico: pré-analítica, analítica e pós-analítica, bem como na implantação de medidas corretivas e preventivas. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar uma revisão sobre a evolução da gestão da qualidade na área da saúde, em específico na área laboratorial e demonstrar como a tecnologia e automação laboratorial foram responsáveis pelo surgimento de indicadores e tendências em medicina laboratorial. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, onde se pesquisou nas bases de dados BIREME, LILACS e sciELO, com os descritores cadastrados no DeCS. Após cruzamento e exposição aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 11 trabalhos. Os resultados mostraram que a gestão da qualidade nos laboratórios ganhou destaque com a implantação da automação, pois surgiu tempo hábil para os colaboradores realizarem essa função, aumentando os níveis de segurança para os pacientes, minimizando-se os erros na fase analítica, promovendo maior velocidade na produção e aumento da produtividade no setor laboratorial. Todos os textos analisados nesse trabalho apontam para a eficácia e crescimento da gestão da qualidade no setor laboratorial. Foi possível constatar que o atendimento das expectativas dos clientes (pacientes e organização de saúde) é responsabilidade do setor de gestão em saúde, que necessitam realizar um bom planejamento dos projetos. Sendo assim, este setor tem extrema importância na implantação da automação laboratorial, pois é capaz de identificar e solucionar falhas no processo, a fim de trazer benefícios para a cadeia de saúde.Palavras-chave: patologia clínica, automação laboratorial, gestão da qualidade e técnicas de laboratório clínico.
Pemberdayaan Remaja Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan NAPZA dan Pencegahan HIV/AIDS
Authors: Sari Citra Windani Mambang , Lukman Mamat , Yani Desy Indra
Published: September 2019

Tingginya angka kejadian penyalahgunaan NAPZA dan angka HIV/ AIDS pada remaja masih menjadi perhatian dunia untuk terus berupaya mengatasinya. Remaja Babakan Surabaya sebagian besar mempunyai pengetahuan baik tentang NAPZA dan HIV/AIDS tetapi masih ada yang mempunyai pengetahuan kurang baik tentag NAPZA dan HIV/AIDS. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat  adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan tentang NAPZA dan HIV/ AIDS di Kebon Kangkung dan Babakan Surabaya Kota Bandung. Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan 17 remaja dari wilayah kerja Puskesmas Babakan Surabaya. Kuesioner pengetahuan dibuat berdasarkan Kementerian kesehatan. Analisis menggunakan Wilcoxon. Hasil pengabdian ini adalah rata-rata pengetahuan sebelum dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan pada remaja (Median=15, IR=6) dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan adalah (Median=19, IR=6). Hasil PKM adalah adanya perbedaan signifikan terhadap pengetahuan remaja tentang NAPZA dan HIV/AIDS di Kelurahan Kebon Kangkung dan Babakan Surabaya Kota Bandung setelah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan (p=0.007). Saran dari pengabdian ini diharapkan puskesmas dapat melanjutkan dengan memfasilitasi remaja membentuk kegiatan-kegiatan pencegahan NAPZA dan HIV AIDS di kelurahan Babakan Surabaya.
Some New Heterocyclisations Based on N-(2,2-dichloro-1-isothiocyanatoethyl)benzamide Derivatives
Authors: Pokotylo Ihor O. , Zadorozhnii Pavlo V. , Kiselev Vadym V. , Okhtina Oxana V. , Kharchenko Aleksandr V.
Published: September 2019

Based on the readily available N-(2,2-dichloro-1-(2-(4-methylbenzoyl)-hydrazine-1-carbothioamido)ethyl)benzamide, the corresponding N-(2,2-dichloro-1-((5-(p-tolyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)amino)ethyl)benzamide and 5-(p-tolyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine were obtained. The products were received in acceptable yields and were isolated from the reaction mixture without any particular difficulty. The structure of the compounds obtained was confirmed by 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry data.
Application of the Shrinking-Core Models for Determination of Dissolution Kinetics of Mn and Zn from Spent Zinc–Carbon Battery Powder in Organic Acid Solution
Authors: Agacayak Tevfik , Taner Hasan Ali
Published: September 2019

In this study, dissolution kinetics of manganese and zinc from spent zinc–carbon batteries in acetic acid solution was investigated. To determine the kinetics of dissolution of manganese and zinc, shrinking core model was applied to dissolution recoveries obtained at different temperatures. As a result of kinetic studies, it was determined that manganese and zinc were dissolved in acetic acid solution by diffusion from product layer and then activation energies (Ea) were calculated.
Surface Modification of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) in Air Plasma
Authors: Drobota Mioara , Trandabat Alexandru , Pislaru Marius
Published: September 2019

This paper reports the modification of a polyester film surface in air plasma at room temperature. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the plasma treatment, the modified surface of the PET films was characterized by contact angle and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
Herbaria of the Prussian physician Boretius (1694-1738) in the Herbarium WA
Authors: Graniszewska Maja , Kapler Adam
Published: September 2019

Pre-Linnaean herbaria have a growing value for botanists and historians of science. A unique example is a four volume herbarium from the early 18th century preserved in the archives of the Herbarium of the Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw. They consist of one, originally five volume set. We proved that the plants had been gathered by the famous naturalist Georg Andreas Helwing (1666-1748), and his son-in-law, Matthias Ernst Boretius (1694-1738), and they annotated and classified the exhibits. Boretius was born in Prussia, in Lec (now: Giżycko). He acquired his academic training in Königsberg and Leiden, and deepened it by scientific travels. He was the first in Masuria to promote vaccination against smallpox. Earning the reputation of a distinguished scholar, he was appointed Royal Physician and Crown Councilor of the Prussian court. He died in 1738 at the age of just 44, leaving the herbarium vivum – a magnificent remnant of his times. There are over 900 cards with glued specimen, signed in three languages: Latin, German and Polish. It includes vascular plants, liverworts, true mosses, clubmosses, algae and macrofungi. Boretius implemented the system made known by the French botanist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort (1656-1708). His system divided the plant world into 22 classes, based on flower morphology but also retaining the traditional split into trees, shrubs and forbs. The choice of this arrangement by Boretius was an innovation; the earlier plant collections of his tutor Helwing lacked any attempt to classify plant species.
Endemic plants of tropical dry evergreen forest, Southern India
Authors: Balachandran Natesan , Rajendiran Krishnamurthy , Gastmans Walter
Published: September 2019

During the last two decades of intensive botanical survey of the tropical dry evergreen forest, a total of 82 endemic taxa were found out of 1142 species enumerated from 85 sites in the three Coromandel Coastal districts of the state Tamil Nadu: Cuddalore, Kancheepurm and Villupuram, and in the Pondicherry district. Of 82 species, 17 are trees, 11 shrubs, 9 climbers and 45 herbs. Distribution of these endemic species was analyzed and categorised as endemic to the country, peninsular India, southern India, Eastern and Western Ghats, and at the state and district level. Interestingly, the study found that some endemic species were disjunctly distributed between districts, states, ghats, climatic regimes and bioregions. Anthropogenic disturbance and species threat status were also studied and discussed.
A report on diversity and distribution of macrofungi in the Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Semwal Kamal C. , Bhatt Vinod K.
Published: September 2019

We report mycodiversity of the different forest types of the Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India. The results drawn here are based on the study carried out in the different forest sites of the Garhwal Himalaya during the rainy season from 2013 to 2015. We collected a total of 323 specimens, including 310 specimens belonging to Basidiomycota and 13 to Ascomycota. Furthermore, 212 specimens of Basidiomycota were identified and grouped into 33 families, 75 genera and 198 species, while 13 specimens of Ascomycota were grouped into 7 families, 7 genera and 11 species. 127 species were found in oak dominated temperate broadleaved forest, while 42 were collected from coniferous and 19 from the mixed woodland composed mainly of Quercus, Myrica, Rhododendron and Pinus trees in middle to higher hills, and Shorea robusta and Tectona grandis in the dipterocarp forests of lower hills. In terms of fungal species distribution in these forests, Amanitaceae, Russulaceae and Boletaceae were found most dominant in oak dominated forests, whereas Tricholomataceae and Cantharellaceae were commonly found in Pinus and Cedrus dominated forests and those belonging to family Cortinariaceae – in mixed forests. Species belonging to the families Agaricaceae, Amanitaceae and Tricholomataceae were found dominant in dipterocarp forest in the lower Himalayan region. The majority of species belonging to all families were found near lower to mid range altitude, which may result from the overlapping effect of atmospheric temperature and climate. The members of seven families, i.e., Russulaceae, Amanitaceae, Tricholomataceae, Boletaceae, Cantharellaceae, Cortinariaceae and Gomphaceae, were found as main ectomycorrhizal forming species from the elevation range of 500-2800 m a.s.l., in all four forest types.
The Attitudes of the European Union and China Towards Foreign Direct Investment: Implications for Bilateral Relations
Authors: Witkowska Janina
Published: September 2019

The aim of this paper is to discuss new trends that have occurred in the policies of the EU and China towards foreign direct investment (FDI), to examine some implications of the EU‑China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) – which is currently being negotiated – for their bilateral relations, and to assess the role which China’s “One Belt One Road’ (OBOR) initiative might play in its relations with the new EU Member States. The EU established freedom of capital movement with third countries; however, the introduction of the common investment policy has encountered some obstacles. These are related to investor protection and ISDS issues. In turn, China is carrying out an independent state policy towards foreign investment with limited liberalization of FDI flows. The negotiated EU‑China CAI is expected to create conditions conducive to bilateral foreign investment flows, and it might bring positive effects for their economies in the future. However, the progress made thus far in the negotiations is still limited. The relations between China and the new EU Member states (CEE countries) are characterized by common interests in the field of FDI flows. The new EU countries are interested in attracting Chinese FDI and seem not to show the fears that have arisen in the old EU countries.
The Role of Exchange Rates in the Stock Price Development of Chemical Companies in the Visegrad Four Countries
Authors: Šimáková Jana , Rusková Nikola
Published: September 2019

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the effect of exchange rates on the stock prices of companies in the chemical industry listed on the stock exchanges in the Visegrad Four countries. The empirical analysis was performed from September 2003 to June 2016 on companies from the petrochemical and pharmaceutical industry. The effect of the exchange rate on stock prices is analyzed using Jorion’s approach on monthly data. In contrast to the selected petrochemical companies, the pharmaceutical companies did not use any hedging instruments in the tested period. The effect of the exchange rate on the stock price was proved only in the case of companies from the pharmaceutical industry. This suggests that exchange rate risk could be eliminated by using hedging instruments.
Utricularia vulgaris L. and Salvinia natans (L.) All. heavy metal (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb) bioaccumulation specificity in the area of Bardača fishpond
Authors: Maksimović Tanja , Rončević Srđan , Kukavica Biljana
Published: September 2019

Paper deals with seasonal changes in heavy metal bioaccumulation (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb) in Utricularia vulgaris L. and Salvinia natans (L.) All. of two localities (Necik and Sinjak – active fishpond basins) in the area of Bardača fishpond. According to our results, the better accumulator of Fe (3035 mg/kg) and Zn was S. natans (163.55 mg/kg), whereas Utricularia vulgaris better accumulates Mn (620 mg/kg) and Cu (10.18 mg/kg). Amounts of Pb in both investigated macrophyte were below the detection level (<0.51 mg/kg). The values of the bioaccumulation factor (BAC) of the tested metals were >1 or ~1 for both species, and the BAC values decreased in the following order in both investigated species: Fe > Mn > Cu > Zn. The results obtained indicated that tested macrophyte show very good characteristics as bioaccumulators and, thanks to this fact, they could be used in phytoremediation technique successfully in water-polluted ecosystem.
The effect of the selected remediation medium on the cadmium bioavailability in the selected ecosystem in the Southwestern locality of Slovakia
Authors: Urminská Jana , Tóth Tomáš , Prokeinová Renáta Benda , Ondrišík Peter
Published: September 2019

Soil is a sensitive ecological factor. Biodegradable materials from the environment can also be used to deal with serious ecological problems. Soil affecting by remediation medium - garden compost - was analysed for toxic cadmium (Cd) in terms of environmental protection. The objective of this research was to analyse soil and compost at foothill locality of the Tribeč Mountains (Southwestern Slovakia) in the years 2015−2017 to determine Cd contents in soil and compost, pH and to assess Cd bioavailability. The analyses were carried out using the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with seven-step Selective Sequential Extraction methods. The results obtained were evaluated statistically using the SAS 9.4 software method by Spearman’s correlation coefficient. The results showed that Cd contents in soil had reached 2.96 mg kg−1 and soil with compost (the ratio 1:1) 2.71 mg kg−1 dry matter. Cd contents in the soil exceeded maximum allowed limit of 196%. And deceased by 25% after adding compost. The pH in soil with compost varied from 6.78 to 7.98. The pH prevented the mobility of Cd about 8.3% in average. Statistical dependence was high, which was demonstrated for relationship between Cd in soil, pH and compost. Available Cd forms in soil were 53.3% and soil with compost were 45% in average. The garden compost as a remediation medium reduced Cd bioavailability.
On Intra-Class Variance for Deep Learning of Classifiers
Authors: Pilarczyk Rafał , Skarbek Władysław
Published: September 2019

A novel technique for deep learning of image classifiers is presented. The learned CNN models higher offer better separation of deep features (also known as embedded vectors) measured by Euclidean proximity and also no deterioration of the classification results by class membership probability. The latter feature can be used for enhancing image classifiers having the classes at the model’s exploiting stage different from from classes during the training stage. While the Shannon information of SoftMax probability for target class is extended for mini-batch by the intra-class variance, the trained network itself is extended by the Hadamard layer with the parameters representing the class centers. Contrary to the existing solutions, this extra neural layer enables interfacing of the training algorithm to the standard stochastic gradient optimizers, e.g. AdaM algorithm. Moreover, this approach makes the computed centroids immediately adapting to the updating embedded vectors and finally getting the comparable accuracy in less epochs.
Caffeine Supplementation for Powerlifting Competitions: an Evidence-Based Approach
Authors: Grgic Jozo , Sabol Filip , Venier Sandro , Tallis Jason , Schoenfeld Brad J. , Coso Juan Del , Mikulic Pavle
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we review the effects of caffeine on muscle strength and provide suggestions for caffeine supplementation in powerlifting competitions. The currently available studies indicate that caffeine ingestion may enhance strength in two powerlifting competition events, the squat and the bench press. For the deadlift, the same might be expected even though studies directly using this event are lacking. Optimal doses of caffeine are likely in the range from 2 to 6 mg·kg−1, and are highly individual. When using caffeine-containing capsules, 60 minutes pre-exercise seems to be a good timing of caffeine consumption. For other sources such as caffeinated chewing gum, a shorter period (5 to 10 min) from consumption to the start of the exercise seems to be effective. For shorter duration powerlifting competitions (e.g., 2 hours), one pre-competition dose of caffeine could be sufficient for acute performance-enhancing effects that might be maintained across all three events. For longer duration competitions (with longer rest periods between one repetition maximum attempts), there might be a benefit to repeated dosing with caffeine; for example, ingesting smaller doses of caffeine before each attempt or event. During training, powerlifters may consider ingesting caffeine only before the training sessions with the highest intensity. This approach might eliminate the attenuation of caffeine’s effects associated with chronic caffeine ingestion and would help in maximizing performance benefits from acute caffeine ingestion at the competition. Nonetheless, withdrawal from caffeine (e.g., no caffeine intake seven days before competition) does not seem necessary and may have some indirect negative effects.
A Preliminary Analysis of Relationships between a 1RM Hexagonal Bar Load and Peak Power with the Tactical Task of a Body Drag
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Balfany Katherine , Denamur Jenna K. , Moreno Matthew R.
Published: September 2019

A critical job task for law enforcement officers that should be influenced by strength is the body drag. This study analyzed relationships between absolute and relative strength measured by a one-repetition maximum hexagonal bar deadlift (1RM HBD), with body drags completed with 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies. Twenty recreationally-trained individuals completed the 1RM HBD in one session, with peak power measured via a linear position transducer. Over two subsequent sessions, participants dragged the 74.84 kg and 90.72 kg dummies with two techniques. The first technique followed Californian standards, where participants wrapped their arms around the dummy and lifted it to standing before timing commenced. In the adapted technique, timing included the initial manipulation of the dummy. Participants dragged the dummy as quickly as possible over a 9.75 m distance. Partial correlations and linear regression (controlling for sex; p < 0.05) analyzed relationships between the HBD and body drags. The standard 74.84 kg body drag correlated with every HBD variable (r = -0.477 to -0.666), and was predicted by the absolute 1RM HBD (r2 = 0.467). The adapted 74.84 kg drag correlated with all HBD variables (r = -0.535 to - 0.754), and was predicted by peak power and the 1RM HBD (r2 = 0.758). Both 90.72 kg drags correlated with absolute and relative 1RM HBD (r = -0.517 to -0.670). Strength related to all body drags; peak power may be more important for drags with lighter loads. Strength training should be a focus in law enforcement to enhance drag performance.
Force and Electromyographic Responses of the Biceps Brachii after Eccentric Exercise in Athletes and non-Athletes
Authors: Kawczyński Adam
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to compare skeletal muscle response to elbow flexors eccentric exercise in athletes and non-athletes. A set of eccentric (ECC) exercises was performed in a group of 12 athletes and 12 non-athlete controls. Maximal isometric force, electromyographic (EMG) activity of the biceps brachii and the resting elbow angle were assessed before, immediately, 48 hours, 5 and 10 days after high-intensity ECC exercises. During the set of the ECC exercises each participant performed 25 eccentric contractions of elbow flexors. Each contraction consisted of lowering a dumbbell from the flexed (elbow joint angle:

5

0

°
_

)

$\left. 5{{0}^{\underline{{}^\circ }}} \right)$

to the extended elbow (elbow joint angle:

1
8

0

°
_

)

$\left. 18{{0}^{\underline{{}^\circ }}} \right)$

position. The weight of the dumbbell was set at 80% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). The ECC contractions caused a decrease in maximal isometric force in both groups. The variable dropped by 8% in non-athletes and by 24% in athletes. Furthermore, the EMG RMS increased significantly only for non-athletes 10 days after the ECC exercise compared to baseline values. The present study showed different effects of ECC exercise on force and EMG in athletes and non-athletes, indicating a more pronounced force response in athletes and electromyographic response in non-athletes.
SIMU-RAD programme: a learning tool for radiation (photons and charged particles) interaction
Authors: Mohamad Tajudin Suffian , Aminordin Sabri Adila Hanim
Published: September 2019

Radiation education is necessary for a wide variety of people, such as radiation workers particularly for students of secondary school and higher education institution who learn radiation sciences. The fact that we could not see or feel radiation makes it difficult to understand it. The use of radiation trajectories shown on a personal computer should be useful to overcome this difficulty. In order to understand radiation behaviour inside the material, we have developed a Simu-Rad (Copyright: LY2018002738) by using Monte Carlo simulation programme. One who has no programming knowledge is able to simulate photons in a material through the developed programme. The program could become a computer aided learning tool for radiation related courses. We aim to facilitate lecturer from ‘The Traditional Classroom’ to ‘The Flipped Classroom’ for radiation education concerning in the era of IR 4.0. To validate our radiation simulator, we calculate photon linear attenuation coefficient (µ) of an aluminium material which commonly used as a filter in diagnostic radiology. µ is one of the main characteristics to understand how the radiation attenuated inside the materials. We calculate at energy photon of 662 keV (Cs-137 radiation source) to compare our results of µ with the XCOM database. Consequently, the results from the developed simulator comparable with the database verified our programme to be used for radiation study.
Study of Fire Characteristics of Industrial Dust
Authors: Szabová Zuzana , Kuracina Richard
Published: September 2019

The article deals with the determination of fire characteristics of industrial dust samples. Particle size granulometry and determination of explosion parameters according to EN 14034 (Lower Explosion Limit LEL, Pmax, Kst) are presented. The minimum ignition temperatures of the dust layer and dispersed dust from the hot surface according to EN ISO / IEC 80079-20-2: 2016 were measured. It was found that LEL is 60 g.m−3, Pmax is 8.61 bar, and Kst is 89 bar.s−1.m. The minimum ignition temperature (MIT) of dust layer is 280 ° C and the minimum ignition temperature of dispersed dust is 400 ° C.
Timing Parameters of Pyrotechnic Igniter Based on Magnesium Powder
Authors: Pelikán Vojtěch , Kuracina Richard , Szabová Zuzana
Published: September 2019

Chemical igniters are used in the study of dispersed dusts. Energy released during their use is defined by EN 14034 at 2 x 5 kJ. The Standard does not define the exact composition of the pyrotechnic mixture. The condition of using the igniter is to release energy according to the Standard. This article is focused on pyrotechnic composition with magnesium powder. It deals with various ways of activating, preparing and sealing the pyrotechnic mixture in the igniter. These values are important for setting up a device for studying the explosive properties of dispersed dusts.
A New Species of the Genus Liophloeothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae) from Iran
Authors: Mirab-balou M.
Published: September 2019

Liophloeothrips baharae sp. n. is described based on the holotype female collected on dead branches under oak trees in Zagros forests from Ilam province, western Iran. It is related to L. reperticus Ananthakrishnan and Muraleedharan, 1974 from India.
Structure and Dynamics of Crucians’ Settlements (Cypriniformes, Carassius) in Water Systems of Eastern Ukraine
Authors: Mezhzherin S. V. , Kulish A. V. , Kokodiy S. V.
Published: September 2019

The analysis of present-day crucians’ settlements in water systems of Eastern Ukraine designated the predominance of the digeneous Goldfish, C. auratus, in the region, the number of which made 78.7 %, from the total number of the examined representatives of the genus. The second group consists of gynogenetic Prussian carps, C. gibelio (14.3 %); it is represented by the clone biotype and recombinant individuals. Crucian carp, C. carassius (3.6 %), turned out to be rare and its number did not exceed the number of the caught hybrids C. auratus × C. carassius (3.4 %). The retrospective analysis of literature data and museum collections gave an opportunity to describe the changes in species composition of the genus which took place during the last 150 years. Within this period the crucian carp, which used to be the single and most common representative of genus Carassius (Jarocki, 1822) in the region, became nearly an extinct species. In the meanwhile the representatives of the group of species of Prussian carps, C. auratus + C. gibelio, which appeared in the region in the late 1960s, rapidly increased their number and became the most numerous fish of the Eastern Ukraine. The discovered tendency is not unique for the researched region; in general it reflects the European tendency for the crucian species. The reasons for that are rivers’ regulation and destruction of bottomland ecosystems. The secondary factors for the elimination of C. carassius are the competitive relations of individuals representing both species and easy hybridization, during which the more numerous species C. auratus absorbs the rare C. carassius.
Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea
Authors: Peskov V. N. , Petrenko N. A. , Reminnyi V. Yu.
Published: September 2019

We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.
Plasticity of Digestive System of Waders (Charadrii) as Migrants (Peculiarities of Fat Accumulation and the Source of Essential Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids During Migratory Stops in the Azov-Black Sea Region)
Authors: Lykova I. O. , Kovtun M. F. , Kharchenko L. P. , Kratenko R. I.
Published: September 2019

The plasticity of the digestive system (DS) of birds allows them to use a wide range of feeds, which is especially important for migratory birds. Some fatty acids (FAs) included in the spectrum of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) are not synthesized in the bird organism, and are supplied only with food. They determine the level of unsaturation of lipids, and are essential for the organism. Among other important functions of these FAs are energy: they affect the energy metabolism of muscle cells. This is what determines the demands of migratory birds to the fodder base of migration stops. The largest number of general lipids among investigated species of invertebrates living in the Azov-Black Sea region ponds is found in the organisms N. zonata, A. salina, H. diversicolor, I. baltica (4.6–4.0%). The highest content of PUFAs was revealed to be present in the lipids of mollusks H. acuta and Th. astrachanicus: 32.87–35.73 % of the total amount of FAs. The content of PUFAs in the organism of Chironomis depends on the degree of water salinity. The unsaturation coefficient of FAs (K1) is revealed to be the highest in Mollusk lipids (H. acuta — 1.361; Th. astrachanicus — 1.610) and some Polychaeta. These types of invertebrates are the main source of intake of essential PUFAs by the organism of the waders at migratory stops in the Azov-Black Sea region.
DAMPAK POLITIK ETIS TERHADAP PERGERAKAN KEBANGSAAN DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Wajidi Wajidi
Published: September 2019

AbstractThe national movements in South Kalimantan is the impact of Europeâ€™s political andcultural penetration of the East Indies Government. The powerful impact of penetrationwas education that bring in the modern educated elite. Therefore, the issues that is raisedin this paper, i.e.: (1) How Ethical policy of East Indies government?; (2) How aregovernment policies for education and the emersion of modern elite?; (3) How is the roleof modern elite to emergence of the nationalist movement in South Kalimantan, Indonesia?This study uses historical (Historical Research) by using heuristic step, criticism,interpretation and historiography. The method of this article is historical research thatuses heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography. The results show that the ethicalpolitics was motivated by the criticism that the Netherland-Indies government woulddo â€œreturning the favorâ€ towards the Indonesian people with the slogan, â€œIrrigation,Education and Emigrationâ€. Through a policy in education, schools was built to createlow-level workers with western paradigm. Those who attended these school were theones, upon their returning home, became the pioneers and driving the movements orspreading the seeds of nationality in South Kalimantan.Â AbstractTumbuhnya pergerakan kebangsaan di Kalimantan Selatan merupakan dampakdari penetrasi politik dan kebudayaan Eropa pada masa Pemerintahan Hindia Belanda.Penetrasi yang sangat kuat pengaruhnya adalah bidang pendidikan yang melahirkanelit modern yang terpelajar. Oleh karena itu permasalahan yang diangkat dalam tulisanini adalah: (1) Bagaimana kebijakan Politik Etis di Hindia Belanda?; (2) Bagaimanakebijakan Pemerintah Hindia Belanda di bidang pendidikan dan munculnya elite modern?;(3) Bagaimana peranan elite modern terhadap munculnya pergerakan kebangsaanIndonesia di Kalimantan Selatan? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah (HistoricalResearch) dengan menggunakan langkah heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa politik etis didorong oleh kiritik bahwa pemerintahHindia Belanda harus melakukan â€œbalas budiâ€ pada rakyat Indonesia dengan sloganâ€œIrigasi, Edukasi dan Emigrasiâ€. Melalui kebijakan di bidang pendidikan, sekolahdimaksudkan untuk mencetak pegawai rendahan dengan pendidikan Barat. Merekayang telah mengenyam pendidikan adalah kalangan terpelajar atau kaum cendekiawanyang kembali ke kampung halaman dan turut menjadi pelopor atau penggerak organisasipergerakan kebangsaan dan menanamkan benih kebangsaan di Kalimantan Selatan.Â