bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LONG-TERM RESEARCH INTO WEEKEND TOURIST TRAFFIC
IN ROCK-CAVE OJCOW NATIONAL PARK (POLAND) FOR THE NEEDS OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
Authors: Zinko Yuriy , Malska Marta , Blahodyr Svitlana , Partyka Józef , Glanowski Janusz , Fischer Alicja
Published: April 2022

Ojców National Park is distinguished geo- and landscape diversity by Polish national’s parks. It is primarily associated with Jurassic rock formations and niche-caves, which are the main attractions of the park. The research covered the main places visited by tourists – the rock formations of the Castle and the Krakow Gate, the caves Lokietka and Dark Cave, as well as restaurants in the center of the village Ojców. The main focus was on the tourist load on attractions and tourist infrastructure, identifying the main trends over the 20-year observation period and developing recommendations for choosing approaches to sustainable service for visitors to the park.
The article discusses the load and structure of weekend tourist traffic in the central part of Ojcow National Park for a long period of time (1998–2017). The results are based on direct observation at the OPN entrance gates and sites on the weekends during the summer season (July-August). It has been established that the total number of visitors in the central part of the park varies from 1.2 to 2.5 thousand people, depending on the weather, which is 1.5-2 times higher than the average daily attendance. The structure of visitors is dominated by small (family) groups (85–91%) and adults and youth (over 70%). During the 20-year observation period, certain trends in the structure and spatial distribution of tourism flows have been identified. In particular, there is an increase in the number of motoring tourists, the share of cyclists (up to 15% of the total flow of visitors) and the attractiveness of educational sites.
These long-term studies of the load of tourism flow in the OPN allowed us to assert the phenomena of overtourism in the park, in particular, in its central part over the weekends. Based on the results of recording tourists and questionnaires filled in by the tourists, recommendations for the implementation of elements of sustainable development of the recreational and tourist sphere of the park have been developed. They envisage bringing a network of parking lots to the periphery of the park, dispersal of the main tourism flows, wider introduction of the educational-ambling model of visiting with an emphasis on ecotourism activities.
Key words: park; tourism flow; caves; rock formations; visitors; structure; load; sustainable development.
Leukocytes in type 1 diabetes mellitus: the changes they undergo and induce
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Kuchurka О. М. , Chaban М. O. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Dzydzan O. V. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Brodyak I. V. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine, Sybirna N. O. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ukraine
Published: April 2022

As leukocytes represent cellular and humoral immunity at the same time, they are a vital part of every immune process. This also stands for autoimmune processes and disorders, such as diabetes, specifically type 1 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most widespread autoimmune diseases. Development of type 1 diabetes mellitus is mediated through complicated mechanisms of intercellular communication where leukocytes function as the key element, being both effectors and regulators. However, the immunocompetent cells are also affected by diabetic alterations, powered by chronic hyperglycemia. For example, the products of non-enzymatic interaction of glucose or other reducing sugars with either proteins or lipids, called advanced glycation end products, are associated with the development of long-term negative changes in diabetes. By binding to the receptors for advanced glycation end-products, they trigger the signaling pathways involved in expression of pro-inflammatory genes, which results in diabetic complications. As long as diabetes mellitus remains a global healthcare issue and several details of its pathogenesis are still to be discovered, it is important to analyze and investigate the peculiarities of alterations in leukocytes under type 1 diabetes mellitus, particularly the ones caused by advanced glycation end-products and their receptors.
Foregrounding the “Home” in Student Homelessness: Residential Context and Educational Outcomes in an Urban District
Authors: Richards Meredith P. , Pavlakis Alexandra E.
Published: April 2022

Students experiencing homelessness spend their nights in various settings, including shelters, with friends/families (doubled-up), motels/hotels, and unsheltered contexts. Yet there is limited quantitative research on how educational outcomes vary by residential context. We analyze data from over 400,000 students in Houston Independent School District from 2012–2013 to 2016–2017 via fixed-effects models and coarsened exact matching techniques. We find that students who became homeless attended less school and were more likely to drop out than nonhomeless students but had comparable achievement growth and disciplinary infractions. However, outcomes varied significantly by residential context: Doubled-up students fared relatively well on most outcomes, whereas students in shelter had particularly poor attainment. Results highlight the importance of research and practice that attends to differences by residential context.
A Play Of Performance Waktu Batu Yogyakarta Teater Garasi In The Dramaturgi Study
Authors: Iswantara Nur
Published: April 2022

The title of the paper of Play of Performance Waktu Batu (WB) Yogyakarta Garasi Teater (TGY) in this Dramaturgy Study is a summary of research results at the Yogyakarta Institute of Indonesian (ISI) Research Institute in 2014. Research in dramaturgy studies uses the dramaturgy theory of George Kernodle & Portia Kernodle (1978 ). Kernodle states that in dramaturgy there are six possible dramatic values that can help arrange the unity of theater performances. The six dramatic values include plot, character, theme (structure), and dialogue, atmosphere and spectacles (texture). One of TGY’s inspirational works, namely the WB performances sourced from Javanese mythology: Watugunung, Murwakala, Sudamala and Late Majapahit History, became an aesthetic presentation especially “Waktu Batu” The Stories that Meet in the Ruang Tunggu’ (WB1) will be analyzed with a dramaturgy approach which includes structure: plot, character, theme, and texture: dialogue, atmosphere and spectacles. The results of analyzing the structure consisting of plots, characterizations and themes; texture: dialogue, mood and spectacle performance of WB 1, showing that TGY belongs to a theater group that positions as a ‘theater creation laboratory’ having a unique aesthetic concept, which is typical for building eclectic dramaturgy. The eclectic drama in the Indonesian contemporary theater scene, an TGY effort to create a WB 1 play originating from Javanese mythology: Sudamala, Murwakala, Watugunung and the late history of Majapahit so that it becomes an aesthetic presentation that can be enjoyed by the audience. TGY group can survive more than 20 years. In fact in Indonesia there are not many contemporary theater groups that can survive long enough. Every TGY staging is always in demand by the audience as the WB 1 play shows.
Sustainable Innovation And Competitive Advantage In Improving The Marketing Performance Of Waste-Base Sculpture In Bali
Authors: Ketut Ribek Pande
Published: April 2022

To increase competitive advantage, all companies have unique strategies to improve their marketing performance. Competition is very competitive in this digital era, making management to motivate themselves and business people to always maximize service to their customers in order to remain loyal customers. Likewise, the business in the art of sculpture made from stone waste which will be traded to be able to increase its superiority in a sustainable manner. The excellence or strength of the sculpture business is able to produce creative and innovative products in the form of ideas and ideas in creating new products. To win the competition, a company must always be creative and innovative so that it is able to meet consumer needs according to changing tastes and times. There is fore a marketing strategy model is needed that is in accordance with the company’s conditions with sustainable innovation so that in the future it is hoped that the sculpture business made from waste rock can be more developed and the company’s goals can be achieved both short too long term goals. This study aims to determine the indicators used in increasing competitive advantage so as to improve marketing performance. The population in this study amounted to 100 sculpture businesses and used saturated samples. The analytical tool used in this research is Smart PLS. 3.0. The findings of this study are that sustainable innovation is able to increase competitive advantage in stone-waste sculpture businesses, Sustainable innovation is not able to increase direct marketing performance, Sustainable innovation is able to improve marketing performance mediated by competitive advantage. The limitation of this research is that this research only examines the art of sculpture made from stone waste found in Bali, so it is not able to generalize. The recommendation in this study is that future researchers are expected to investigate other business fields with a larger number of samples.
Virtual Reality And Ambisonics As Effective Combination Of Immersive Media In Raising Awareness For Indonesia’s Birds Conservation Organization
Authors: Harditya Arya , Matahari Tombak
Published: April 2022

Virtual Reality arguably has been one of the most popular immersion media for many years, especially 360 Video Camera, but its utilization is only limited to entertainment purposes, thus this research would like to test wider potentials outside its evident field of interest. On the other hand, audio has always been the forgotten elements in many audio-visual productions because its intangibility, this research will explore one of many emerging audio sciences, which is Ambisonics / 3D Spatial Audio. By combining the two powerful elements, this research is trying to prove the user engagement and communication strategy’s effectivity especially in raising awareness for Indonesia’s bird’s conservation NGO called Burung Indonesia, where the 360 Video Camera captures the environment and 3D Spatial Audio captures the sound of Indonesia’s birdlife. Therefore, the output of this research is to discover new communication infrastructure through digital fabrication.
From ‘Varieties of’ to ‘Variegated’ entrepreneurship: Understanding heterogeneous and interrelated contexts through a Polanyian lens
Authors: Nowak Vicky
Published: April 2022

This article is
concerned with how we theorize heterogeneous and multilevel contexts as they
intersect in place, whilst prioritizing the role of entrepreneurial action in shaping
context and driving change. We analyze an emerging stream of context research based
upon varieties of capitalism institutional theory, drawing on theoretical
developments from political economy and geography fields. This sheds light on
how ‘varieties of entrepreneurship’ risks reproducing static and mechanistic
studies, which instead of meeting the promise of diversifying contexts, sets
nations on path dependent trajectories that sideline possibilities for entrepreneurial
agency. We suggest Polanyian inspired variegated capitalism as providing potential
for understanding the interrelated, multilayered, heterogeneous contexts of
entrepreneurship.
Kedi ve Köpeklerde Metakarpal ve Metatarsal Kırıkların Tedavisi (32 Vakada Retrospektif Değerlendirme)
Authors: Deveci Mehmet Zeki Yılmaz , Altuğ Muhammed , Alakuş İbrahim , Yurtal Ziya , Kırgız Ömer , Alakuş Halil , Ceylan Eren , İşler Cafer Tayer
Published: April 2022

Küçük hayvan hekimliğinde kedi ve köpeklerde metakarpal (MK) ve metatarsal (MT) kırıklarla sık karşılaşılmaktadır. Tedavide konservatif ve cerrahi yöntemler tanımlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada MK/MT kırık belirlenen 32 vakanın (22 kedi, 10 köpek) tanı, tedavi ve prognoz süreçlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Hastaların demografik ve diyagnostik bilgileri, yapılan preoperatif ve perioperatif işlemler, uygulanan tedaviler, postoperatif işlemler ve prognoz süreci çalışma kapsamındadır. MK/MT toplam 97 kırık kemikte en çok diyafizer 1/3 (43 kemik) ve distal 1/3 (48 kemik) lokalizasyonlarda kırıklar belirlendi. En çok görülen kırık şekilleri transversal (65) ve oblik (27) olarak belirlendi. Toplam 39 ekstremitenin %25.64’ünde bir kemik, %20.51’inde iki kemik, %33.33’ünde üç kemik, %20.51’inde dört kemiğin kırıldığı belirlendi. Tedavide MK/MT kırığı olan 39 ekstremiteden 11 ekstremitede eksternal koaptasyon, 23 ekstremitede açık cerrahi redüksiyon ile osteosentez, 4 ekstremitede kafes istirahati ve 1 ekstremitede amputasyon uygulandı. Kedi ve köpeklerin toplamında cerrahi osteosentez uygulanan 23 ekstremiteden 19’unda prognoz çok iyi, 3’ünde iyi olduğu ve bir vakada postoperatif ölüm şekillendiği belirlendi. Eksternal koaptasyon uygulanan 11 ekstremitenin 6’sında çok iyi, 5’inde iyi; kafes istirahati uygulanan 4 ekstremiteden 2’sinde çok iyi, birinde iyi ve birinde orta olarak belirlendi. Bu çalışmayla kedi ve köpeklerin metakarpal ve metatarsal kırıklarının tedavi süreci, tanı ve klinik sonuçlar ile birlikte değerlendirilerek özgün veriler sunuldu. Kapalı, disloke olmamış, MK ve MT kemiklerin yük binmeyen veya tek kemiğinde olan kırıklarda konservatif tedavinin başarılı olabildiği; ancak, iki veya daha fazla kemiğin etkilendiği, disloke olmuş ve yük verilen MK/MT kırıklarda cerrahi osteosentez uygulamasının elzem olduğu kanısına varıldı.
Pembelajaran dengan Menggunakan Strategi Pengembangan Kreativitas dan Inovasi dengan Bahasa
Authors: Pangesa Ihwani
Published: April 2022

PendahuluanSuatu Pembelajaran akan tercapai dengan adanya sebuah strategi pembelajran yangdikembangkan oleh seorang Guru. Dengan adanya Strategi tersebut maka Guru akan mudahuntuk mencapai keberhasilan suatu pembelajaran yang telah di rencanakan dan akan membuatpara siswa belajar dengan kreatifitasnya. Setiap anak pasti memiliki keunikan dan talentanyamasing-masing untuk menciptakan suatu karya baru yang dapat di kembamgkan. Dalammenciptakan atau mengembangkan karya anak tersebut mereka butuh bahkan wajibmendapatkan pembinaan yang selayaknya ia dapatkan sehingga kemampuannya dapat bergunauntuk dirinya sendiri, keluarga dan lingkungan sekitarnya.
MANAJEMEN KOPERASI
Authors: Muthmainnah
Published: April 2022

Manejemen adalah suatu proses dimana suatu kelompok secara kerjasama mengarahkan tindakan atau kerjanya untuk mencapai tujuan bersama.
Waqaf dan Pembangunan
Authors: Aidin Athifah Idnan Tsabitha
Published: April 2022

Wakaf adalah perbuatan hukum wakif untuk memisahkan dan/atau menyerahkan sebagian harta benda miliknya untuk dimanfaatkan selamanya atau untuk jangka waktu tertentu sesuai dengan kepentingannya guna keperluan ibadah dan/atau kesejahteraan umum sesuai syariah
Pengaruh Kreativitas Guru Dalam Memilih Strategi Pembelajaran Terhadap MOtivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: mulyani Anggita Putri
Published: April 2022

Guru adalah profesi yang sangat membanggakan. Bagaimana tidak, setiap bangsa terlahir karena jasa para guru. Guru adalah orang yang diteladani dan dimuliakan karena jasa dan ilmunya. Sungguh sangat ironis jika profesi ini dikucilkan, semestinya profesi ini harus dicintai dan dibanggakan. Siapapun orangnya, pejabat ataupun tidak, negeri atau swasta mereka semua terlahir karena jasa para guru. Ini menandakan bahwa guru penting adanya, dan profesi ini sesungguhnya tidak pernah lekang oleh waktu. Tiada guru, sama siapa kita bertanya. Sebuah ungkapan bijak, 'Kalau ingin melihat kualitas suatu bangsa, lihatlah kualitas gurunya'. Keberadaan guru menjadi penentu kualitas—mutu pendidikan suatu bangsa. Minister of Education, Culture and Science (2013) guru menjadi penentu kualitas pendidikan.Guru mampu memberikan peran dan warna suatu bangsa dalam kontek pelaksanaan pendidikan sehingga patut menjadi perhatian (Mustafa, Hermandra, & Zulhafizh, 2018). Maka tidaklah keliru, jika dikatakan guru sebagai pengajar berperan mentransformasi pengetahuan dan wawasannya kepada peserta didik, guru sebagai pendidik berusaha menanamkan nilai-nilai luhur kepada peserta didik, dan guru sebagai pemimpin tidak hanya melakukan pengajaran dan pendidikan tapi berusaha menciptakan iklim pendidikan dan pembelajaran yang kondusif dengan penuh tanggung jawabnya. Dengan demikian, maka pendidikan sangat menghendaki seorang guru untuk melengkapi dirinya dengan berbagai kemampuan yang diharapkan dapat membantu dan menuntun dirinya dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Dalam proses pembelajaran guru adalah orang yang memberikan pelajaran dan siswa adalah orang yang menerima pelajaran. Dalam mentransfer pengetahuan kepada siswa diperlukan pengetahuan, kecakapan atau keterampilan sebagai seorang guru. Dengan memiliki kreatifitas yang baik diharapkan dapat menunjang pembinaan akhlak siswa dan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan nasional yang berkaitan dengan pengalaman serta untuk menjadikan manusia seutuhnya dan yang dicitacitakan yaitu memiliki prestasi yang baik. Untuk menganalisis proses pembelajaran, intinya tertumpu pada suatu persoalan, bagaimana guru memberikan kesempatan bagi siswa agar terjadi proses pembelajaran yang efektif dengan tujuan dapat mencapai hasil yang sesuai dengan tujuan yang telah ditetapkan.
MAKALAH "MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI MUTU PELAYANAN DAN NILAI"
Authors: Nurhayati
Published: April 2022

Nilai penjualan produk ditentukan oleh bagaimana melakukan pelayanan yang optimal terhadap pelanggan, untuk menjaga kepuasan kepada pelanggan adalah dengan menjaga kualitas dari produk yang akan dijual. Kualitas pelayanan merupakan tingkat keunggulan yang diharapkan dan pengendalian atas tingkat keunggulan tersebut untuk memenuhi harapan pelanggan. Kepuasan konsumen merupakan modal dasar untuk membentuk loyalitas yang bisa dijadikan sebagai salah satu senjata untuk menaikan keunggulan bersaing suatu perusahaan yang bergerak di sector jasa atau produk.
MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI MUTU, PELAYANAN DAN NILAI
Authors: Muthmainnah
Published: April 2022

MEMBANGUN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN MELALUI MUTU, PELAYANAN DAN NILAI
The stories behind two book covers
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang
Published: April 2022

Each illustration has a story behind it, and both covers have reflected them very well.
On Comparing and Clustering the Alternatives of Love in Divan of Hafiz
Authors: Tuan Bui Anh , Pudikova Galina Nikolaevna , Mahmoudi Mohammad Reza , Pho Kim-Hung
Published: April 2022

Hafiz is one of the finest lyric poets of Iran. He learnt a lot from scholars and writers. This research delays with the alternatives of the word “Love” in Divan of Hafiz. First, these words are determined and their counts are computed. Then, we classify them in sixteen categories. Finally, the counts of the words and the categories are compared using chi-square test and cluster analysis. The clustering results showed that the word “Way” and the category “Human” have the most applications as the alternatives of the word “Love” in Divan of Hafiz.
Analisis Pendapatan Nasional Dalam Ekonomi Islam
Authors: T Andi Marhuni
Published: April 2022

Pendapatan nasional menurut mukti hakim adalah jumlah dari semua pendapatan yang di terima oleh orang-orang di suatu negara selama satu tahun.Dalam ilmu ekonomi konvensional,pendapatan nasional dapat di hitung dengan menggunakan jumlah GNP (gross nastional produk). Dari pembelajaran teori ekonomi makro kita pahami untuk mengukur besarnya GNP berdasarkan dari 3,yakni pengeluaran untuk membeli barang dan jasa,nilai brang dan jasa akhir,dan faktor produksi dan menjumlahkan penerimaan yang di terima oleh pemilik faktor produksi (upah,bunga,sewa,keuntungan). Berbeda dengan ekonomi islam pendapatan nasional yang di terapkan melalui GNP lebih menekankan kepada falah.Konsep pendapatan nasionala) PNB/GNP (Produk Nasional Bruto/Gross National Bruto),merupa
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN NASIONAL DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Rafli Muh.
Published: April 2022

Pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan variable penting dalam suatu perekonomian. Model solow menjelaskan bahwa dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi dan output suatu negara dipengaruhi oleh tingkat tabungan, pertumbuhan populasi, dan kemajuan teknologi. Para ekonom menggunakan data Gross Domestic Product (GDP) untuk mengukur pertumbuhan ekonomi dan mengetahui tingkat pendapatan setiap orang dalam perekonomian. Pertumbuhan ekonomi merupakan variabel makroekonomi yang penting dalam menganalisis pembangunan ekonomi suatu negara, sehingga dengan jelas akan diketahui jumlah pendapatan total ataupun pendapatan perkapita di negara tersebut.
Konsep dasar manajemen pemasaram
Authors: Bagaskara Eghytya
Published: April 2022

Dalam organisasi, baik organisasi non-laba maupun perusahaan, yang mempunyai beberapa jenjang manajerial, peran pemasaran untuk masing-masing jenjang pasti berbeda. Sebuah perusahaan yang besar misalnya, mempunyai tiga jenjang manajerial, yaitu manajemen puncak,manajemen madya dan manajemen operasional. Konsep Pemasaran Kemasyarakatan berprinsip bahwa tugas organisasi adalah menentukan kebuthan, keinginan dan minat sasran pasar serta menyampaikan kepuasan yang diinginkan secara lebih efektif dan efisien dibandingkan dengan pesaing dalam suatu cara yang dapat melestarikan atau meningkatkan kesejahteraan konsumen maupun masyarakat.
Menemukan Sejatinya Puasa
Authors: Qosim Nanang
Published: April 2022

Puasa dalam perspektif fiqh yakni perbuatan menahan diri dari segala yang merusak dengan maksud mendekatkan diri pada Allah. Selain laku menahan diri, terutama dari makan dan minum, puasa juga mengandung pesan sosial yang luhur, yakni tegaknya nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan keadilan sosial di bumi.Di samping sebagai instrumen pengendalian diri (self control), Alquran juga telah meriwayatkan bahwa orang-orang yang kerap membanggakan ritual agama tetapi tidak melaksanakan dalam kehidupan nyata (seperti sikap sombong, gemar ber-KKN, senang menebar fitnah dan kekerasan serta nirtoleransi, radikalisme, ektrimisme dan terorisme dan tidak empati pada penderitaan orang), orang-orang itu tidak lebih dari para pendusta agama. Islam mengajarkan adanya keseimbangan teosentris (dimensi vertikal) dan antroposentris (dimensi horizontal) dalam konteks keberagamaan. Melalui ibadah puasa, relasi manusia dengan Tuhannya (hablun minallah) serta relasi manusia dengan sesama manusia dan lingkungannya (hablun minan nas) diharapkan dapat berjalan seiring.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN NASIONAL DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Annisa Nurul
Published: April 2022

Jumlah dari semua pendapatan yang diterima oleh orang-orang di suatu negara selama satu tahun. Konsep Pendapatan Nasional terdiri dari: PNB/GNP (Produk Nasional Bruto/Gross National Bruto), NNP (Net National Product), NNI (Net National Income), PI (Personal Income), dan DI (Disposible Income)
Analisis Pendapatan Nasional dalam Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Nirwana
Published: April 2022

Pendapatan nasional adalah jumblah pendapatan yang diterima oleh seluruh rumah tangga keluarga di suatu negara dari penyerahan faktor-faktor produksi dalam satu priode waktu tertentu ,biasanya selama satu tahun.
HUBUNGAN DAN PEMBAGIAN KERJA DALAM PENGELOLAAN KOPERASI
Authors: Yusmiana Gusti
Published: April 2022

Dalam pengelolaan manajemen koperasi tentunya itu merupakan sesuatu yang sangat penting untuk dilakukan sebagaimana dengan pengelolaan perusahaan dengan menggunakan sistem manajemen masing-masing. Dalam sebuah organisasi akan membutuhkan sebuah pengelolaan yang baik dan tepat yang dimana hal tersebut lebih dikenal dengan istilah manajemen. Sama halnya dengan koperasi tentu memiliki sistem manajemen yang terlibat didalamnya dan di dalam manajemen ini pasti ada beberapa individu yang berperan untuk menjalankan sistem manajemen atau memimpin sebuah lembaga kepada titik kesuksesan.
SUFIANI ZAHRA
Authors: Zahra Sufiani
Published: April 2022

Manajemen adalah faktor terpenting dalam sebuah organisasi. Jika dianalogikan manajemen merupakan nyawa dari sebuah stuktur kelembagaan. Peranan inilah yang menjadikan manajemen tidak saja penting tetapi juga sangat vital. Peformance organisasi ditentukan oleh rancang bangun manajemen. Goal dari menajemen adalah kesempurnaan pencapaian visi organisasi.Seringkali manajemen berkaitan dengan cara mengatur, “how to manage” untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi. Esensi mengatur disini tidak hanya menata saja, tetapi ada aspek-aspek pendukungnya. Joseph L, menyatakan bawa manajemen adalah : " Gets things done trough other people"Penjelasan dari defenisi diatas adalah :Manejemen adalah suatu proses dimana suatu kelompok secara kerjasama mengarahkan tindakan atau kerjanya untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. Proses tersebut mencakup teknik-teknik yang digunakan untuk para manajer untuk mengkordinasikan kegiatan atau aktivitas orang-orang lain menuju tercapainya tujuan bersama.
MENINGKATKAN KEPUASAN PELANGGAN LEWAT MUTU PRODUK
Authors: Zahra Sufiani
Published: April 2022

Nilai bagi pelanggan adalah selisih antara Nilai pelanggan total dan biaya pelanggan total. Nilai pelanggan total adalah sekumpulan manfaat yang di harapkan oleh pelanggan dari produk atau jasa tertentu. Biaya pelanggan total adalah sekumpulan biaya yang diharapkan oleh konsumen yang di keluarkan untuk mengevaluasi, mendapatkan, menggunakan dan membuang produk atau jasa. Sedangkan kepuasan adalah perasaan senang atau kecewa seseorang yang muncul setelah membandingkan antara persepsi terhadap kinerja atau hasil dari sesuatu produk yang di harap-harapkan. Jika kinerja berada di bawah harapan maka pelanggan tidak puas dan jika memenuhi harapan maka pelanggan akan puas dan jikan kinerja melebihi harapan maka pelanggan akan amat sangat puas dan kembali lagi untuk membeli produk yang di hasilkan oleh perusahaan tersebut
Elastisitas permintaan dan penawaran
Authors: AMELIA RESKI
Published: April 2022

Elastisitas harga permintaan mengukur seberapa banyak permintaan barang dan jasa (konsumsi) berubah ketika harganya berubah.Elastisitas permintaan ditunjukkan dalam bentuk prosentase perubahan atas kuantitas yang diminta sebagai akibat dari satu persen perubahan harga.Elastisitas harga penawaran mengukur seberapa banyak penawaran barang dan jasa berubah ketika harganya berubah.Elastistas harga ditunjukkan dalam bentuk prosentase perubahan atas kuantitas yang ditawarkan sebagai akibat dari satu persen perubahan harga.
Analisis pendapatan nasional dalam ekonomi islam
Authors: Yaqin Ainul
Published: April 2022

Secara umum dapat dipahami bahwa pendapatan nasional ini adalah sesuatu yang sangat penting untuk kepentingan masyarakat seluruhnya, maupun untuk masing-masing golongan dalam masyarakat.Pendapatan nasional adalah suatu alat ukur untuk menentukan tingkat perekonomian suatu negara. Perhitungan pendapatan nasioal bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang tingkat ekonomi yang sudah dicapai dalam suatu negara Pendapatan nasonal dapat dihitung setelah diketahui nilai dari unsur ekonomi negara lainnya, antara lain Gross Domestic Product atau GDP.
The third version of Maxwell's equations
Authors: Shan Huang
Published: April 2022

Many people have done the expansion of maxwell's equations, because you will not do wrong, so no progress in theoretical physics. Because of the expansion of the maxwell's equations of this article, it can be under the condition of the existing system of physical right found a bit of something new.
KOPERASI & UMKM
Authors: Zahra Sufiani
Published: April 2022

Penjenisan koperasi dapat menyangkut ciri, sifat, fungsi ekonominya, lapangan usaha, dan afiliasi keanggotaan. Beberapa jenis-jenis koperasi diantaranya; Koperasi Pedesaan, Koperasi pertanian, Koperasi pertenakan, Koperasi perikanan, Koperasi produksi, Koperasi Konsumsi, Koperasi Simpan Pinjam. Sedangkan bentuk dari koperasi menurut undang-undang perkoperasian, koperasi dapat berbentuk Koperasi Primer dan atau Koperasi Sekunder. Sedangkan bagian dari penjenjangan tidak semua jenis koperasi itu mempunyai 4 jenjang, banyak jenis koperasi yang hanya mempunyai 3 jenjang, seperti koperasi unit desa (KUD) dan koperasi karyawan (KOPKAR). Pada tingkat nasional, KUD mempunyai induk (INKUD),
Artikel Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Motivasi
Authors: Zakiyah Rofifah
Published: April 2022

Untuk menghasilkan pendidikan yang baik, kita perlu mengembangkan strategi untuk proses pendidikan dan pembelajaran (learning). Oleh karena itu, Anda perlu menetapkan strategi yang tepat. Strategi pembelajaran yang tepat mendorong siswa untuk berpikir mandiri dan kreatif sekaligus beradaptasi dengan berbagai situasi yang mungkin terjadi. Salah menentukan strategi berakibat fatal. Ini kontraproduktif, misalnya, karena instruktur mengajarkan siswa untuk menjadi kreatif, tetapi jika mereka mengajar dengan cara yang otoriter dan keras, itu adalah kebalikan dari apa yang ingin Anda capai. Dalam hal ini, menyebabkan kematian siswa. Strategi pembelajaran adalah metode pilihan untuk menyediakan konten pembelajaran dalam lingkungan kelas tertentu, seperti jenis, ruang lingkup, dan urutan kegiatan yang dapat memberikan pengalaman belajar kepada siswa. Strategi pembelajaran terdiri dari teknik dan metode bagi siswa untuk mencapai tujuannya.
Elevated OCA2 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein, OCA2, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. OCA2 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that OCA2 primary tumor expression was correlated with recurrence-free survival in luminal B subtype breast cancer. Elevated OCA2 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Analisis Pendapatan Nasional Dalam Ekonomi Islam (Siti Nurfadhilah 90500120063)
Authors: nurfadhilah
Published: April 2022

Ringkasan tentang analisis pendapatan nasional dalam ekonomi islam
jurnal penyelenggaraan pemerintah daerah
Authors: trisna dwiyuni resky
Published: April 2022

Penyelenggaraan sistem pemerintahan daerah diarahkan untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini sesuai dengan tujuan negara berdasarkan alinea keempat Pembukaan UUDNRI Tahun 1945. Penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah melalui sistem otonomi daerah ini perlu ditingkatkan demi efisiensi dan efektivitas pembangunan nasional dalam menghadapi persaingan dunia di era globalisasi. Dalam perwujudan pencapaian tujuan pemerataan kesejahteraan masyarakat, Pemerintah Pusat memberikan kewenangan terhadap Pemerintahan Daerah untuk mengatur dan mengembangkan potensi sumber daya alam dan sumber daya manusia yang ada didaerahnya masing-masing. Salah satu kewenangan yang diberikan Pemerintah Pusat kepada Pemerintahan Daerah adalah Pemerintahan Daerah dapat melaksanakan hubungan dan kerjasama dengan luar negeri.Berdasarkan Konsep Negara Kesatuan, dalam melakukan kerjasama luar negeri, Pemerintah Daerah tidak dapat memutuskan kebijakannya sendiri. Ada hal-hal yang menjadi batasan bagi pelaksanaan kerjasama luar negeri yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Daerah. Berbicara mengenai kerjasama luar negeri, maka juga akan berbicara mengenai hubungan- hubungan internasional yang diselenggarakan antarnegara, negara dengan individu, atau negara dengan badan privat. Hubungan internasional dalam kerjasama luar negeri tidak selalu berjalan dengan baik. Hubungan kerjasama yang terjalin itu bukan tidak mungkin akan menimbulkan sengketa diantara para pihak yang mengikatkan diri dalam suatu hubungan kerjasama. Oleh sebab itu, upaya penyelesaian sengketa internasional dalam penyelenggaraan kerjasama Pemerintahan Daerah dengan Badan Luar Negeri juga akan diulas dalam penulisan penelitian ini.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN NASIONAL DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Nurrahma Ayuni
Published: April 2022

Pendapatan nasional menurut Mukti Hakim adalah jumlah dari semua pendapatan yang diterima oleh orang-orang di suatu negara selama satu tahun. Dalam ilmu ekonomi konvensional, pendapatan nasional dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan jumlah GNP (Gross Nastional Produk). Dari pembelajaran teori ekonomi makro kita pahami untuk mengukur besarnya GNP berdasarkan dari 3, yakni pengeluaran untuk membeli barang dan jasa, nilai barang dan jasa akhir, dan faktor produksi dengan menjumlahkan penerimaan yang diterima oleh pemilik faktor produksi (upah, bunga, sewa, keuntungan). Berbeda dengan Ekonomi Islam pendapatan nasional yang diterapkan melalui GNP lebih menekankan kepada falah.
The interplay between cognitive load and driving in scenarios of daily commuting
Authors: Felisberti Fatima Maria , Fernandes Thiago P
Published: April 2022

High levels of cognitive load have a disruptive effect on many cognitive tasks, especially driving. Surprisingly, we know little about the effect (if any) of cognitive load immediately before driving, and even less about the effect of driving (with its own cognitive load) on subsequent performance in cognitive tasks. The effect of cognitive load on driving performance was examined in Study 1. Participants completed cognitive tests with low or moderate cognitive load (LCL vs MCL) before a simulated driving task. Their driving speed, distance from the car ahead, and lane keeping abilities were assessed on two consecutive days. Study 2 examined the effect of demanding driving (as a cognitive task on its own) on the accuracy and reaction time to a multi-source interference task (MSIT). Two conditions were compared: no-driving LCL vs driving MCL conditions. In Study 1, a moderate cognitive load preceding a driving task led to a modest increase in the distance kept from the vehicle ahead. Equally, a demanding driving task was beneficial to the performance in a following cognitive task (Study 2). The results suggest that moderate levels of cognitive load may engage attentional and executive networks and such activation could spread into timely contiguous cognitive tasks. The findings provide a starting framework to examine the interplay between cognitive load and driving in home-to-work and work-to-home commuting scenarios.
Societal institutions echo evolved human nature: An analysis of the Western criminal justice system and its relation to anger
Authors: Sell Aaron , Sznycer Daniel
Published: April 2022

Social institutions make use of collective power to shape individual behavior. Attempts to modify these institutions to improve the welfare, fairness, or equity of a society will benefit from having an accurate view of how human nature works so they can design the interventions in ways that actually lead to the desired outcome. This means that the study of evolutionary psychology - i.e. the study of human nature - is particularly relevant when crafting societal changes in ways that avoid the frequent unintended consequences of these interventions. Here, we review the computational structure of human anger, and then analyze the fit between Western criminal justice systems and this universal emotion. This analysis shows structural correspondences between anger and features of the criminal justice system, though anomalies are noted. Finally, we review an evolutionary account of the emotion of hatred and note how hatred can account for some failures in the criminal justice system (e.g., episodes of extra-judicial lynching). We suggest that, ultimately, societal institutions will succeed or fail based on whether they are compatible with human nature.
Perceived barriers and facilitators to attending diabetic eye screening appointments during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lewis Lesley , Povey Rachel , Taylor Jennifer , Kay Jude , de Souza Sikha
Published: April 2022

AimDiabetic eye screening is important for the early detection of diabetic retinopathy, to prevent sight loss. The COVID-19 pandemic may have resulted in additional factors influencing whether individuals with diabetes choose to attend their appointment. This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to attending diabetic eye screening during the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodEleven semi-structured interviews were conducted between 7th April 2021 and 9th July 2021. Participants included those with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who were in a retinopathy priority group. Interviews were conducted via Microsoft Teams either as video or telephone interviews. Central questions included topics such as thoughts and feelings on COVID-19 and how participants felt about diabetic eye screening. Data were analysed via reflexive thematic analysis. ResultsTwo themes were developed: “Keeping safe from COVID-19 at appointments” and “The importance of protecting their eyesight”. Participants explained barriers and facilitators to keeping safe from COVID-19 at their appointment. These included increased confidence from the vaccine, the perceived risk of catching COVID-19 in certain environments, and trusting the NHS to keep them safe. Participants also discussed the importance of their eyesight and their identity as an attender, which facilitated attendance. Overall, participants considered the benefits of attending screening against the perceived risk of catching COVID-19.ConclusionsThe results indicated several barriers and facilitators participants experienced when deciding whether to attend an eye screening appointment since the COVID-19 pandemic. Service communications must address these as the pandemic continues, and for other future outbreaks of infectious disease.
Testing for Within × Within and Between × Within Moderation using Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models
Authors: Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Ushakova Anastasia , Blakemore Sarah-Jayne , Murray Aja Louise , Kievit Rogier
Published: April 2022

Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models allow for the decomposition of measurements into between- and within-person components and have hence become popular for testing developmental hypotheses. Here, we describe how developmental researchers can implement, test and interpret dynamic interaction effects in such models using an empirical example from developmental psychopathology research. We illustrate the analysis of Within × Within and Between × Within interactions utilising data from the United Kingdom-based Millennium Cohort Study within a Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling framework. We provide annotated Mplus code, allowing users to better isolate, estimate and interpret the complexities of within-person and between person dynamics as they unfold over time.
Cascades in Capacity Constrained Agents
Authors: Derechin Jacob
Published: April 2022

Many sorts of contagious phenomenon, such as music, do not exist in isolation but as part of a competitive marketplace. In these settings there are often superstars with out-sized popularity along with a large number of flops with little popularity. I suggest that capacity constraints may be a structural factor that influences these disparities. In this agent-based model, there are multiple potentially cascading states that the agent can potentially occupy. The agents have a certain capacity of states that they can occupy at once. For example, suppose someone has a workout playlist that lasts 1 hour. As they discover new music to add to the playlist, they have to remove songs currently in the playlist to keep the playlist 1 hour. Thus, in this setting, the states indirectly trade off with each other by virtue of the capacity constraint. Increasing the number of states in excess of capacity increased the unpredictability of which states become popular as well as increased the disparities between popular and unpopular states. This suggests that capacity constraints may play a role in explaining market concentration and superstar phenomenon.
In vitro antibacterial activity of biologically synthesised silver nanoparticles using Terminalia avicenoides extracts against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains
Authors: M Bobai , L Danjuma , N.M Sani
Published: April 2022

Antimicrobial resistance is currently one of the risen concerns to global healthcare in the 21st century. The search for new phytochemicals that could be developed as drugs for treatment of infectious diseases consequently increased with medicinal plants extracts derived nanoparticles receiving greater attention. This study was carried out to determine invitro antimicrobial activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using Terminalia avicenoides extracts against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from wound infections. Isolation and characterization of Staphylococcus aureus was carried out using standard phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antimicrobial activity of selected antibiotics, Terminalia avicenoides extracts and biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus was carried out using standard procedures. The results of the susceptibility profile showed Staphylococcus aureus isolates resistant to 8.18% to 100% conventional antibiotics used, but 100% sensitive to imipenem. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac glycoside, phenols, saponins and terpenoids. The antimicrobial activity of the biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles against multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 28.25±1.90–30.65±2.21 mm and showed significant difference (p<0.05). Comparative analysis of Terminalia avicenoides extracts and their respective biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles activity showed significant difference (p<0.05) with antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles having larger zones of growth inhibition (29.60±2.83mm) compared to that of extracts (19.88±13.09mm). Remarkably, Terminalia avicenoides extracts derived silver nanoparticles exhibit higher inhibitory effects against the multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains, hence, can further be study and develop for wound infections therapy.
Effect of Integrated use of Vermicompost, FYM and Chemical Fertilizers on Soil Properties and Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Alluvial Soil
Authors: Ahmad Meraj , Tripathi S K
Published: April 2022

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season 2020-21 at the Research Farm of Kulbhaskar Ashram Post Graduate College, Prayagraj, UP to study the effect of integrated use of vermicompost, FYM and chemical fertilizers on soil properties and productivity of wheat in alluvial soil. The experiment consisted of eight treatment combinations viz., T1- Absolute control, T2- 25% RDF + 75% N through FYM, T3-50% RDF + 50% N through FYM, T4-75% RDF + 25% N through FYM, T5- 25% RDF + 75% N through vermicompost, T6-50% RDF + 50% N through vermicompost, T7-75% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost, T8-50% N through FYM + 50% N through vermicompost with three replications in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The results of experiment showed higher grain and straw yield obtained with the application of 50% RDF + 50% N through vermicompost. Maximum plant height, number of grains/spike, test weight and protein content was recorded in treatment T6 (50% RDF + 50% N through vermicompost). The data revealed that maximum harvest index (42.97%) was observed in treatment T7 (75% RDF + 25% N through vermicompost). The soil properties in respect of pH, ECe, organic carbon and available N, P & K were noticed with the treatment T6 (50% RDF + 50% N through vermicompost).
Ethnomedicinal Potential of Aconitum deinorrhizum Stapf (Mohra): A threatened Medicinal Plant of North Western Himalayas: A Comprehensive review
Authors: Sharma Dinesh Kumar , Bhardwaj Ekta
Published: April 2022

Aconitum deinorrhizum Stapf, commonly known as Mohra and Indian aconite, is one of the important Aconitum species in Western Himalayas. It is a flowering plant belonging to buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). Plants of this species are common in the sub-alpine and alpine zone of the Himalaya occurring at altitudes between 2400-4500 m. Air-dried roots of this species contain aconitine and pseudo-aconitine as main alkaloids. Traditionally Aconitum deinorrhizum Stapf is used to treat neuralgia, paralysis and muscular rheumatism. Aconitum deinorrhizum is one of the endangered medicinal plants of Western Himalayas and its population reduction rate is 50-80 per cent. It has been put under critically endangered species, requiring high priority conservation. In this review we have tried to summaries all the phytochemical, pharmacological, toxicological properties and the current status of the Aconitum deinorrhizum Stapf.
Employee perception on the environmental protection programmes: A case study of a luxury hotel in Macau
Authors: Si Ng Wai , Basnyat Dandeep
Published: April 2022

This paper examined the luxury resort hotel employees’ perspectives on the environmental protection programmes initiated by the hotels in Macau, China. The concern for environmental protection is increasing globally in the hospitality industry, especially for big hotels, as they rank highest among the energy consumers compared to the various sectors of the industry. Macao SAR, whose economy is highly dependent upon casinos that reside within numerous hotels, is being developed as a world tourism and leisure centre. This, in turn, further reinforces the need for the examination of environmental protection programmes. Data for this qualitative study was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with fifteen participants which were later analysed using the content analysis method. The result shows that the employees of the luxury resort hotel in Macau perceive variously of the performance of the green practices initiated by the hotel, albeit there was a consensus that additional effort on the part of the hotel was needed to further strengthen environmental protection programmes. The implications of this study and the direction for future research have been explained as well.
Satisfaction and Revisiting Behaviour of Tourists in India
Authors: Raina Ashish , Rana Varinder Singh
Published: April 2022

Despite the fact that the tourists choose and visit the destination after considering the available information, there are certain aspects of the destination which result in the satisfaction of tourists and their revisit behaviour towards a destination. The present paper aims to create a conceptual framework that incorporates the principles of service efficiency system and an efficiency to measure revisiting and recommendation behaviour at various tourist spots in the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir in India. It used a formal questionnaire to interview 431 visitors to Jammu and Kashmir, India. Primary data was collected and subjected to a statistical software package for analysis. The dimension reduction (factor analysis) technique on the collected data decreased the 25 proposed variables into five new variable constructs. The finding showed that all new variables were relevant for influencing the overall satisfaction level, be them Indians or foreigners. Moreover, the results signified that the total satisfaction leads to the likelihood that families and friends will visit the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The data review research can contribute to successful tourism industry policies and strategy preparation.