bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISEASE COVID-19 AS OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE
Authors: Basanets A. V. , Yermakova O. V. , Kriukova L. B. , Gvozdetsky V. A. , Zhurahovskaya N. V.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Acute respiratory disease COVID-19 is a new condition, which has been included into the list of occupational diseases by the decree of Cabinet of Ministers of Ukrane �About correction of the list of occupational diseases� # 394 on 13 May 2020. Medical staff is a professional group of high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. At the same time, the cases of COVID-19 in medical personnel are quite rarely acknowledged as an occupational disease. Aim � to evaluate the reasons of low COVID-19 occupational morbidity in Ukraine. Materials and methods. Statistics data regarding COVID-19 cases in medical personnel, approved as occupational disease as of 23 Mar 2021 in Ukraine were analyzed. Results and discussion. As of 23 Mar 2021 COVID-19 has been diagnosed in 71174 healthcare workers. The investigation confirmed an occupational disease in 4758 workers (6,7 % of all cases or 26 % of investigation completed cases), including 256 (0,3 %) lethal cases. Thus, in majority of cases an occupational character of the disease was not confirmed. The following reasons of such a situation have been identified: 1.The administration of healthcare institutions deliberately hides such the cases; emergency notification about the occurrence of acute occupational disease is often not forwarded to responsible authority. 2. Healthcare providers insufficiently employ occupational diseases specialists, due to lack of funding for occupational diseases service on the second level of healthcare system. 3. Epidemiological investigation of acute disease case is not thorough. It is difficult later to identify the site and source of infection, making it impossible to establish a connection of a disease with work conditions. 4. Ukraine State Epidemiological Service has been liquidated, whereas epidemiological investigations belonged to the competency of this organization. 5. Training of epidemiologists and occupational health specialists has been stopped in Ukraine, complicating timely investigation of COVID-19 occupational infection at the time of pandemic. As an example, there has been presented the case of occupational COVID-19 in current article. Key words: coronavirus disease 2019: healthcare workers, occupational diseases
ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN ACUTE EXACERBATION OF COPD:AN OPTIMAL WAY TO SUCCESS
Authors: Yudina L. V.
Published: July 2021

Currently, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death globally. Acute exacerbation of the disease is associated with fast clinical deterioration, increased respiratory tract inflammation and lung function disorders. Acute exacerbation of COPD dramatically worsens patient�s prognosis and serves as an important indicator of therapy effectiveness. Family practitioner should recognize this condition and correctly chose proper antibiotic. Diagnosis of COPD exacerbation is based on clinical manifestations of the disease. Depending on presence of primary or secondary symptoms COPD exacerbations are divided into several types. Antibiotic therapy appears to be more beneficial in patients with type 2 or 3 exacerbation. Sputum purulence is considered an obligatory symptom. As a rule, in complicated course of acute exacerbation of COPD protected aminopenicillins or 3rd generation cephalosporins are the firsline antibiotics. In most cases of COPD exacerbation antibiotics are prescribed orally. If first-line antibacterial therapy fails, the respiratory fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin of moxifloxacin) are prescribed. The author, using her own experience with levofloxacin, gives an example of proper choice of antibiotic if such a situation. Successful experience of management of acute exacerbation of COPD may be useful for general practitioners, physicians, pulmonologists. Key words: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, exacerbation, antibiotic therapy, levofloxacin.
SITUATION WITH THE RELAPSES OF TUBERCULOSIS IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD
Authors:   SO �National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology named after F. G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine�, �elnyk V. �. , �atusevych V. G. , Novozhylova I. �. , Veselovskyi L. V. , Bushura I. V. , Prykhodko �. N.
Published: July 2021

Pulmonary tuberculosis relapses (RTB) is an actual problem in the different countries of the world. As evidenced by different foreign authors the epidemic situation with tuberculosis (�B) and its relapses at the beginning of the XXI century remains tense in the world. The characteristics of RTB as a mirror reflect the weak links in realization of anti-tuberculosis measures. Doubtlessly, the cohort of RTB patients keeps TB morbidity and mortality indices high. Treatment failure in a result of low compliance is considered the main factor of high prevalence of RTB. Published results of clinical trials aimed on improvement of diagnostics and treatment indirectly demonstrate some reasons of RTB development after completion of chemotherapy and after surgical treatment of patients. Majority of authors offer separate measures for the improvement of diagnosis, detection and treatment of the patients with R�B. Until now there is neither systematized view on the reasons of nor accepted approaches to RTB prevention. Keywords: pulmonary tuberculosis, relapses, detection, treatment, anti-tuberculosis measures
THE CASE OF COMBINATION OF MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA SYNDROME (MEN SYNDROME) AND ASPERGILOMA (CLINICAL OBSERVATION)
Authors:   SO �National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology named after F. G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine�, Opanasenko N. S. , Kalenichenko M. I. , Tereshkovich �. V. , Konik B. M. , Levanda L. I. , Shalahai S. M. , Lysenko V. I. , Shamrai M. Y. , Bilokon S. M. , Shestakova O. D.
Published: July 2021

The clinical case of staged surgical treatment of multiple endocrine neoplasia and aspergilloma syndrome in a 21-year-old patient is presented. The patient was admitted to NIFP with the diagnosis: adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing tumor of the anterior mediastinum; diabetes mellitus, insulin dependent; secondary hypothyroidism; shingles; cavitary lesion of the upper lobe of the left lung, the lesion of the upper lobe of the right lung; hirsutism, edema syndrome. At the first stage, the patient underwent a sternotomy with removal of the tumor of the anterior mediastinum with adipose tissue and mediastinal lymph dissection, removal of the tumor of S3 of the right lung. At discharge, the patient was recommended to returm to NIFP in 2 months for elective surgery for aspergilloma of the upper left lung. But one month after discharge, the patient developed hemoptysis. She underwent a video-assisted typical resection of S1-S2 of the left lung. Removal of hormone-producing tumors allowed to normalize glycemia, discontinue insulin, normalize thyroid function and lead to regression of hirsutism and osteoporosis, restored muscle strength and normalized water-electrolyte balance. Key words: multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, aspergilloma, surgical treatment.
PECULIARITIES OF BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL DISORDERS IN EXPERIMENTAL PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA
Authors:   SO �National institute of phthisiology and pulmonology named after F. G. Yanovsky NAMS of Ukraine�, Korzhov V. I. , Osipenko B. O. , Budennaya M. P. , Palivoda M. G.
Published: July 2021

Experimental studies are among the important and promising approaches in the studying of the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema (PE). They make it possible to trace and understand the sequence of metabolic disorders wich occur in this condition. The aim of the trial was to study the nature of biochemical changes in blood plasma during the course of experimental PE. Materials and methods. The study was carried out on 36 sexually mature, outbred, white rats of both sexes, weighing 180-200 g, which were kept on a standard vivarium diet. Experimental papain PE in white rats was induced by a single intratracheal administration of 0.5 ml of papain solution (Merck KGaA, Germany) at a dose of 100 mg / kg body weight under light ether anesthesia. The rats were withdrawn from the experiment by decapitation under light ether anesthesia 10, 20, 30, 50 and 60 days after the onset of the disease. Biochemical studies of blood plasma - the content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), protein, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, glucose were carried out using automatic biochemical analyzer Selectra Pro-M (Netherlands). Results. It was found that 10 days after the onset of the disease, the levels of ALT and AST significantly decreased by 37%. The trend towards a decrease in ALT persisted after 20, 30 and 60 days; AST � after 20, 30, 50 and 60 days. It was found that the blood plasma protein significantly decreased 10 and 20 days after the onset of the disease by 33% and 38%, respectively. At the same time, the urea also decreased after 10 days by 36% and by 32% after 20 days. A similar trend of changes was found when studying the level of creatinine in blood plasma. After 10 and 20 days, creatinine decreased by 36% and 37%, respectively. As for total bilirubin, its blood plasma contentration increased by 68% after 10 days, and by 38% after 20 days. There were no changes in plasma glucose levels 10, 20, 30, 50 and 60 days after the onset of the disease. Conclusions. Experimental PE is characterized by the most pronounced changes in blood plasma biochemical parameters 10 and 20 days after the onset of the disease, which is manifested by a decrease of aminotransferases � ALT and AST, a decrease in total protein, urea, creatinine, and an increase of total bilirubin. Key words: experimental pulmonary emphysema, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, protein, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, glucose. U
STUDI KELAYAKAN INVESTASI BISNIS PROPERTI
Authors: Gunawan Ryan
Published: July 2021

Sudah sejak lama pemerintah (regulator), pengembang (pelaksana) dan pihak perbankan (sumber pendanaan), terjebak dalam salah kaprah dalam melihat bisnis properti. Anggapan pemerintah, pembangunan kawasan perumahan skala besar (melalui dalih pembangunan kota baru atau kota mandiri) akan menciptakan efisiensi pada industri perumahan nasional, ternyata keliru total. Begitu juga dengan pandangan yang terbukti salah dari pihak pengembang dan perbankan yang menganggap dari kalkulasi bisnis, proyek properti skala besar akan lebih menguntungkan ketimbang proyek skala kecil. Logikanya, semakin besar proyek properti akan semakin tinggi harga tanah dan harga rumah dijual ke pasar (konsumen) dan semakin kecil pula pangsa pasarnya. Mengingat proyek PT Gowa Makassar Tourism Development merupakan produk properti yang telah diluncurkan sejak tahun 1997 dan mempertaruhkan modal besar dalam jangka panjang maka akan timbul masalah apakah menginvestasikan dana pada PT Gowa Makassar Tourism Development menguntungkan atau tidak. Dalam menganalisis data-data dan hasil penelitian, peneliti menggunakan analisa NPV, analisa IRR, analisa dan profitability indeks.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian proyek, maka didapatkan NPV yang diperoleh adalah Rp. 33.945.769.876,- yang menunjukkan bahwa proyek ini layak untuk dijalankan. Hasil IRR yang diperoleh adalah 27,26% > 13,63%, maka hal ini menunjukkan proyek ini layak untuk dijalankan.
JURNAL PENGARUH PENERAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAH KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PT. TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA(Persero)Tbk
Authors: Aswar Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penerapan good corporate governance terhadi kinerja keuangan pada pt telkomunikasi indonesia.
Implementasi Hukum Dagang Demi Indonesia Yang Berkeadilan
Authors: Amelia Wanda
Published: July 2021

Rahasia dagang sekarang ini sudah merupakan salah satu bentuk investasi yang mahal di samping bentuk investasi lain yang harus dijaga terhadap semua pihak agar tidak disalahgunakan untuk kepentingan pihak lain melalui satu mekanisme persaingan yang tidak jujur. Rahasia Dagang adalah informasi di bidang teknologi dan bisnis yang tidak diketahui oleh masyarakat, memiliki nilai ekonomis yang disebabkan oleh kegunaannya dalam kegiatan bisnis, dan dirahasiakan oleh pemilik Rahasia Dagang. Perlindungan hukum terhadap rahasia dagang dapat dipisahkan menjadi beberapa bagian, yaitu: 1. Adanya unsur kontrak/perjanjian 2. Hak pemilik Rahasia Dagang diperhatikan (ada hak eksklusif) 3. Menampilkan perbuatan melawan hukum 4. Penyelesaian sengketa di pengadilan negara 5. Pengalihan hak rahasia dagang 6. Tidak ada jangka waktu perlindungan rahasia dagang. Bagaimana upaya pemilik rahasia dagang dalam mempertahankan keberadaan rahasia dagang untuk penyelesaian persaingan yang tidak sehat oleh pesaing dan tidak ada itikad baik, dan bagaimana bentuk penyelesaian konflik dalam pemecahan rahasia dagang. Sistem Perlindungan Rahasia Dagang memiliki cakupan yang lebih luas, karena di dalamnya terdapat ketentuan bahwa pembobolnya dapat dituntut secara perdata dan pidana. Pemberian perlindungan hukum atas rahasia dagang mempunyai arti penting, yaitu sebagai landasan bagi perlindungan yang efektif terhadap bentuk-bentuk informasi rahasia yang dikategorikan sebagai rahasia dagang dengan pengaturan pencegahan praktik persaingan tidak sehat yang dapat merugikan masyarakat. Disarankan perlindungan Undang-Undang Rahasia Dagang diatur lebih fokus karena Rahasia Dagang merupakan aset atau investasi yang bernilai tinggi dan mahal harganya bagi orang atau badan sebagai penemu Rahasia Dagang, oleh karena itu pemerintah membuat peraturan perundang-undangan untuk mengatur hal-hal tersebut. diperlukan terutama dalam melindungi aset yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi seperti Rahasia Dagang.
Konsep Pasar Bebas Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: solihin Della citra
Published: July 2021

Idealisme perdagangan bebas tidak lepas dari pemikiran ekonom klasik bahwa implementasi aktivitas perdagangan internasional tanpa hambatan tarif maupun non-tarif akan meningkatkan kesejahteraan  masyarakat dunia. Namun realita menunjukkan hal sebaliknya, dimana kesejahteraan yang diraih masyarakat dunia sangat tidak merata. Kesenjangan di antara dua kelompok ini semakin lebar ketika dunia memasuki era liberalisasi perdagangan. Fenomena ini menarik untuk dikaji, mengapa ada gap antara idealisme dan realitas. Idealisme perdagangan bebas yang dibangun oleh ekonom klasik bersandar pada asumsi yang secara utuh tidak sesuai kenyataan, diantaranya bahwa setiap negara yang akan berdagang memiliki kapasitas ekonomi yang sama. Sekalipun WTO sebagai lembaga perdagangan dunia mengakomodir fenomena ini dalam pasal-pasalnya, namun dalam kenyataannya  sulit terlaksana secara optimal. Egoisme negara maju yang dibentuk oleh prinsip ekonomi konvensional sering mengemuka melalui argumen yang bernuansa politis. Sementara negara-negara berkembang memiliki kelemahan yang mencakup aspek ekonomi, sosial, dan kelembagaan sehingga tidak memiliki posisi tawar dalam percaturan ekonomi global. Islam menawarkan prinsip bahwa perdagangan bebas adalah perdagangan yang mencoba mengoptimalkan hubungan perdagangan dengan luar negeri di satu sisi dan melarang perdagangan komoditas tertentu yang mengganggu kemaslahatan kaum muslimin di sisi lain. Islam pun berpandangan bahwa asas perdagangan bebas bukan terletak di komoditi namun di pelakunya (pedagang). Dengan demikian pemerintah negara yang bersangkutan seharusnya memiliki sikap yang jelas dan tegas dalam menjalani perdagangan bebas yang berorientasi untuk kesejahteraan masyarakatnya.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN LABA DAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PENGAKUISISI SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MERGER DAN AKUISISI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Desiana
Published: July 2021

JURNAL TERKAIT ANALISIS MANAJEMEN LABA DAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN PENGAKUISISI SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH MERGER DAN AKUISISI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Stepping into the Era of Personal Big Data: a Roadmap to the Design of a Personal Digital Life Coach
Authors: Yanez Cheyanne Mari
Published: July 2021

The increased availability of devices that can record every aspect of a person’s life will allow the recording of a large amount ofdata that will be primarily useful for that particular user. These devices and their data will place each and every one of us at thedoorstep of the era of personal big data. Using this data, in a not so distant future, we will be able to set a personal digital lifecoach, a digital platform that will act at an individual level, but also considering a global interaction, not only as a socialnetworking tool, but as a platform that will profit from the individual experiences of its users. This position paper focuses on theidentification of the milestones that will mark the creation of such a software and hardware platform, by exploring theopportunities and challenges that it poses to the computer science researchers, and how such a solution can be designed to be auser-adoptable lifestyles monitoring and training tool.
A review of systems modelling for local sustainability
Authors: Moallemi Enayat A. , Bertone Edoardo , Eker Sibel , Gao Lei , Szetey Katrina , Taylor Nick , Bryan Brett A.
Published: July 2021

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a holistic and ambitious agenda for transforming the world towards societal well-being, economic prosperity, and environmental protection. Achieving the SDGs is, however, challenged by the performance of interconnected sectors and the complexity of their interactions which drive non-linear system responses, tipping points, and spillover effects. Systems modelling, as an integrated way of thinking about and modelling multisectoral dynamics, can help explain how feedback interactions within and among different sectors can lead to broader system transformation and progress towards the SDGs. Here, we review how system dynamics, as a prominent systems modelling approach, can inform and contribute to sustainability research and implementation, framed by the SDGs. We systematically analyse 357 system dynamics studies undertaken at the local scale where the most important SDG impacts and their initiators are often located, published between 2015 (i.e., SDGs’ inception) and 2020. We analyse the studies to illuminate strengths and limitations in four key areas: diversity of scope; interdisciplinarity of the approaches; the role of stakeholder participation; and the analysis of SDG interactions. Our review highlights opportunities for a better consideration of societal aspects of sustainable development (e.g., poverty, inequality) in modelling efforts; integrating with new interdisciplinary methods to leverage system dynamics modelling capabilities; improving genuine stakeholder engagement for credibility and impacts on the ground; and a more in-depth analysis of SDG interactions (i.e., synergies and trade-offs) with the feedback-rich structure of system dynamics models.
Evaluating Short-Term Spatio-Temporal Tropospheric Variability in Multi-Temporal SAR Interferograms Using LES Models
Authors: Hu Fengming , Hanssen Ramon , Siebesma Pier , Helfer Kevin
Published: July 2021

Atmospheric delay has a significant impact on synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry, inducing spatial phase errors and decorrelation in extreme weather condition. For Low Earth Orbit (LEO) SAR missions, the atmosphere can be considered as being spatio-temporally frozen due to the short integration time. Geosynchronous (GEO) SAR missions, however, have short revisit times and extensive imaging coverage but with a longer integration time. As a result, GEOSAR interferograms can provide continuous deformation monitoring and integrated refractivity for weather forecasting. However, as the troposphere may vary significantly within the integration time, this may lead to a degradation during focusing and decorrelation of the InSAR pair. Here we simulate a time-series refractivity distribution with a high spatio-temporal resolution, for a fair-weather situation using an advanced Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model, to show the spatio-temporal variability of the troposphere on short time scales. Given GEO orbit parameters with different viewing angles along both azimuth and range directions, corresponding time-series of tropospheric interferograms are obtained based on the SAR geometry, and the impacts of different parameters are compared. Tropospheric delay is found to vary rapidly and a lead to phase gradient exceeding one cycle within a few minutes. Yet, for periods of less than ~15 minutes, a frozen-flow approximation may be successful to mitigate atmospheric decorrelation. Consequently, GEOSAR imaging should be iterative to compensate the atmospheric effects.
Noise in the Cretaceous Quiet Zone uncovers plate tectonic chain reaction
Authors: Guerer Derya , Granot Roi , van Hinsbergen Douwe
Published: July 2021

Global plate reorganizations, intriguing but loosely defined periods of profoundly changing plate motions, may be caused by a single trigger such as a continental collision or a rising mantle plume. But whether and how such triggers propagate throughout a plate circuit remains unknown. Here, we show how a rising mantle plume set off a ‘plate tectonic chain reaction’. Plume rise has been shown to trigger formation of a subduction zone within the Neotethys Ocean between Africa and Eurasia at ~105 Ma. We provide new constraints on Africa-Eurasia convergence rates using variations in geomagnetic ‘noise’ within the Cretaceous Normal Superchron (the 126-83 Ma period without magnetic reversals) recorded in the Atlantic Quiet Zones crust. These new constraints are consistent with the timing of numerically predicted African Plate acceleration and deceleration associated with onset and arrest of the intra-Neotethyan subduction zone. The acceleration was associated with a change in Africa-Eurasia convergence direction, which in turn was accommodated by a next subduction initiation at ~85 Ma in the Alpine region that cascaded into regional tectonic events. Our concept of plate tectonic chain reactions shows how changes in plate motion, underpinned by mantle dynamics, may self-perpetuate through a plate circuit, making global plate reorganizations a key to unlock the driving mechanisms behind plate tectonics.
Teaching the Teachers the Genetics of Learning: An Application of the Mixed Blessings Model
Authors: Larsen Sally A. , Little Callie , Byrne Brian
Published: July 2021

Decades of educational genetics research has highlighted that differences in academic achievement are partly explained by genetic variation between individuals. Consequently, there is ongoing discussion about whether genetic influences on educationally-related traits should be more widely acknowledged in schools and communicated specifically to teachers. Nonetheless, there is little research on how teachers might interpret such information, and how it might alter their perceptions of the students they teach, or their teaching practice. In this review we draw on the mixed blessings model proposed by Haslam and Kvaale (2015) as a framework for defining both positive and negative repercussions of disseminating the findings of educational genetic research to teachers. We discuss research examining teacher perceptions of student ability and behavior, and findings outlining perceptions of psychological disorders when genetic explanations are invoked. We conclude by proposing new directions for research designed to better understand interpretations of genetic information in school contexts.
Dream to explore: 5-HT2a as adaptive temperature parameter for sophisticated affective inference
Authors: Safron Adam , Sheikhbahaee Zahra
Published: July 2021

Relative to other neuromodulators, serotonin (5-HT) has received far less attention in machine learning and active inference. We will review prior work interpreting 5-HT1a signaling as an uncertainty parameter with opponency to dopamine. We will then discuss how 5-HT2a receptors may promote more exploratory policy selection by enhancing imaginative planning (as sophisticated affective inference). Finally, we will briefly comment on how qualitatively different effects may be observed across low and high levels of 5-HT2a signaling, where the latter may help agents to change self-adversarial policies and break free of maladaptive absorbing states in POMDPs.
PERENCANAAN DAN PRODUKSI KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC
Authors: Romadhoni Romadhoni
Published: July 2021

Kelangkaaan dan sulitnya mendapatkan bahan kayu tentunya membuat industri galangan kapal tradisional di pesisir mau tidak mau wajib beralih kepada teknologi fiberglass, sehingga dalam perancangan dam produksi kapal fiberglass harus mempertimbangkan aspek teknis dan nonteknis serta operasional kapal terhadap kondisi perairan dengan kriteria yang sangat berpengaruh dan dirasakan selama ini oleh pemilik, awak (ABK) serta galangan kapal. Buku ini membahas tentang perencanaan dan fabrikasi dari kapal fiberglass meliputi bentuk badan kapal fiberglass bentuk konstruksi, sistem permesinan, perlengkapan dan peralatan geladak yang sesuai sesuai dengan kebiasaan nelayan pesisir, sehingga masyarakat tidak mengalami kesulitan dalam pengoperasian, perawatan dan perbaikan kapal fiberglass yang selama ini tekologinya dianggap asing dan sulit.
Entre el deber y el querer: El proceso y las motivaciones del cuidado femenino en la vejez
Authors: Concepción Arroyo María , Montes de Oca Verónica , Garay Villegas Sagrario
Published: July 2021

El envejecimiento demográfico en México es un fenómeno cada vez más creciente. A la par se incrementan, sin ser una generalidad, las demandas de cuidado para atender a esta población. Históricamente este rol ha sido asignado a las mujeres, aspecto que está relacionado con las desigualdades de género en la actualidad. Las mujeres que realizan cuidados para la vejez lo hacen a partir de distintas motivaciones: el reconocimiento de una necesidad, la responsabilización, o la prestación y recepción de los trabajos de cuidado. Todas ellas derivadas de las formas y contextos en que se desarrollan los vínculos familiares y afectivos. En este artículo se muestran, a través de relatos de mujeres cuidadoras, las motivaciones para asumir el rol y el proceso que atraviesan durante su práctica de cuidado. También se incorpora el tema de los derechos de las personas mayores desde el ámbito jurídico para reflexionar sobre la necesidad de incluir esta cuestión en las políticas públicas de nuestro país.
Estimación de la tasa de mortalidad en contexto de altos homicidios: caso de la región Pacífica colombiana, 1993-2013
Authors: Carabali Hinestroza Bladimir , Beltrán Sánchez Hiram , Aidar Tirza , Palloni Alberto
Published: July 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo estimar la tasa específica de mortalidad en la región del litoral Pacífico colombiano durante el periodo 1993-2013. En esta región, las condiciones de pobreza y abandono estatal históricamente han estado por encima del promedio nacional. A esto se suma que, desde finales del siglo XX, el conflicto armado registró un fuerte recrudecimiento. Mediante el uso de métodos indirectos se estimaron tasas de mortalidad específica y la esperanza de vida por sexo. Nuestros resultados advierten que la tasa de mortalidad registró su mayor incremento en uno de los periodos de mayor intensidad de la violencia armada (1998-2003), lo cual llevó a un retroceso en la esperanza de vida en los hombres, especialmente en la población de 15-35 años; mientras que las estimaciones para 2008-2013, tiempo de menor conflictividad armada, las estimaciones de los mismos indicadores muestran
Familia y cuidados hacia el final de la vida
Authors: Redondo Nélida , Benencia Agustín
Published: July 2021

Se presentan resultados de una investigación amplia sobre las trayectorias finales de la vida y los servicios sociosanitarios en domicilio en el Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires*. La investigación longitudinal prospectiva produjo datos primarios sobre la composición y el gasto en salud de los hogares de mayores con morbilidades crónicas avanzadas que recibieron asistencia en domicilio durante el período agosto 2014-diciembre 2015. El fallecimiento o la sobrevivencia mostraron asociación estadística con el tipo de hogar en el que las personas residían, así como con los gastos familiares. El aumento del grado de dependencia también se asoció estadísticamente con los gastos. La investigación proporciona información sobre los cuidadores familiares, destacándose que a medida que aumenta la edad de éstos aumenta la participación masculina en el cuidado y ofrece evidencia empírica para orientar las políticas de cuidados de larga duración en América latina, incluyendo en ellos los cuidados paliativos.
What are political parties doing on TikTok? The Spanish case
Authors: Cervi Laura , Marín-Lladó Carles
Published: July 2021

TikTok, already widely used before the pandemic, boomed during the quarantine that locked down large parts of the world, reaching 2 billion downloads and 800 million monthly active users worldwide by the end of 2020. Of these 800 million users, 41% are aged between 16 and 24 years. This social network, widely known for its entertainment videos, is increasingly becoming a place for political discussion and therefore a unique opportunity for political actors to (re)connect with young people. Acknowledging that the political uses of TikTok are still understudied, this paper aims to explore whether and how Spanish political parties are including TikTok as part of their communication strategy. Through an affordance-centered content analysis of all the posts published by the five most important Spanish political parties (PP, PSOE, Ciudadanos, Podemos, and Vox), the current results show that, although all Spanish political parties have adopted this platform, their usage is unequal. From a quantitative perspective, PP was the first party to open a TikTok account, but its usage has been discontinuous; Podemos and Ciudadanos are the parties that publish the most and most constantly, while Vox has only published nine posts and the PSOE one. Nonetheless, from a qualitative perspective, Podemos and Vox generate more engagement and seem to understand and exploit TikTok’s specific affordances better. The findings allow it to be concluded that, although globally Spanish political parties do not fully exploit the platform’s affordances and tend to use it as a unilateral tool for promotion, the most engaging posts are those favoring interaction and geared toward politainment.
The Shanghai Global Ranking of Academic Subjects: Room for improvement
Authors: Krauskopf Erwin
Published: July 2021

Global university rankings have achieved public popularity as they are portrayed as an objective measure of the quality of higher education institutions. One of the latest rankings is the Shanghai Global Ranking of Academic Subjects, which classifies institutions according to five fields –Engineering, Life Sciences, Medical Sciences, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences– which are divided into 54 subjects. Despite being introduced in 2017, no study has analyzed the methodology applied by this ranking. The results of our analysis show that the methodology currently used by the Shanghai Global Ranking of Academic Subjects presents several issues, which negatively affect a large proportion of universities around the world. Needless to say, if the Shanghai Global Ranking of Academic Subjects is meant to be global, it needs to expand its surveys to countries located in the Global South.
Fabry disease: A single-center experience
Authors: Parmaksız Ergün , Meşe Meral
Published: July 2021

Fabry disease (FD) is an inborn X-linked lysosomal storage disorder resulting from α–galactosidase A (α-Gal) activity deficiency in lysosomes. This results in the accumulation of particularly globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) within lysosomes in a wide variety of cells. This study aimed to analyze the clinical presentation, findings and family screenings of index cases, management and outcomes of  FD patients in our center.

Methods. Data including demographic characteristics, personal history of comorbidities, laboratory findings at the time of diagnosis were recorded. α – Gal activity was measured in all males and females as initial analysis. The cut-off trigger was determined as 1.2 mmol/L per hour. Mutation analysis was performed in males and females with decreased α – Gal activity as a diagnostic assay. In addition, mutation analysis was performed change in females with normal α – Gal providing they have clinical signs or family history for FD.

Results. The individuals from nine FD families were presented.

Conclusion. Screening for genetic diseases such as FD has crucial conclusions. The detection of FD in an index case leads to appropriate therapy for that patient. Family screening can be started and additional undiagnosed individuals can be detected.
Molecular factors predicting steroid resistance in pediatric nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Burlaka Ie. A. , Bagdasarova I. V.
Published: July 2021

Objectives: the objective of this paper was to study the levels of cellular hypoxia, apoptosis controlling factors in children with steroid-sensitive and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.

Background: patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) represent a challenging subset of patients with nephrotic syndrome who often fail standard immunosuppression and have a higher likelihood of progressing to end-stage renal disease. The search of the biochemical markers undergoing the steroid-resistance is under urgent need.

Methods: an examination of kidney biopsies and blood of 56 patients (aged 10 to 15 years) with nephrotic syndrome was done. Conventional clinical investigations, immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting were used in this study.

Results: patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome show an increased level of HIF-1 alfa (a marker of cellular hypoxia) as compared to the control group and children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome show a down-regulation of anti-apoptotic marker BcL-xL as compared to the control group and children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.

Conclusion: hypoxia-induces disorders and apoptosis activation markers are considered to be included in the complex scheme predicting steroid-resistance in nephrotic children.
COVID-19 Infection – Awareness and Practices of Cancer Patients and Their Attendants: An Experience from Pakistan
Authors: Asghar Rasheed Afshan , Asghar Rasheed Afshan , Malik Babar , Muzaffar Narjis , Vallecha Aneeta , Sattar Sara , -ul-Ain Noor , Naimatullah Najeeb
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Cancer patients are prone to infections, including COVID-19 because they are immune-comprised secondary to cancer itself as well as due to their treatment. As a principal health care provider, it is imperative that their awareness and practices should be assessed and rectified in a timely manner.
Methodology & Results: This is a cross sectional and prospective study, performed in the Oncology OPD of SIUT, Pakistan. Total 306 participants were included. Average percentage of awareness was 39.4% vs 36.6% were found to be low, but patient (72.7%) showed more careful behaviour then their care taker (61.5%). In query related to use of face mask every time while being outside the house, 14.4% vs 23.8% did not practice it. For hand hygiene, 93.4% vs 49.1% were following these measures. Reasons for not following these precautions were: i) lack of information, 63% vs 37% ii) this virus is not lethal, 37% vs 63%.
Conclusion: Awareness and practical implementation of knowledge is not according to international guidelines and there is a dire need to have a proper awareness campaign for the masses to improve the acceptability of Corona virus as a major health risk concern.
Airway Challenges in Sanjad-Sakati Syndrome (SSS): A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: A. Khalil Mohamed , A. Khalil Mohamed , Khidr Alaa M. , Alghamdi Talal M. , Al Elk Najeebah A.
Published: July 2021

Sanjad-Sakati Syndrome (SSS) is a rare syndrome, discovered in Saudi Arabia in 1988. This syndrome is characterized by congenital hypoparathyroidism, severe growth retardation, dysmorphic features, mild to severe mental retardation as well as recurrent chest infections. We presented an eight-year-girl with SSS, with severe growth retardation, mental retardation, resolution of recent chest infection together with a history of bronchial asthma, dysmorphic features, limited mouth opening, micrognathia as well as high susceptibility to difficult intubation. The objective of this case report is to present the successful anaesthetic management of a rare genetic endocrinal syndrome.
Результаты исследования клещей на обнаружение вирусов Карши, Тамды, Иссык-Кульской лихорадки, лихорадки долины Сырдарьи
Authors: Нурмаханов Т.И. , Ерубаев Т.К. , Сансызбаев Е.Б. , Туребеков Н.А. , Абдиева К.С. , Усенбекова Д.С. , Есходжаев О.У. , Аймаханов Б.К. , Далибаев Ж.С. , Кулемин М.В. , Калмакова М.А. , Копкова А.И.
Published: July 2021

В Казахстане природные очаги Крымской-Конго геморрагической лихорадки расположены на территории Туркестанской, Кызылординской и Жамбылской областей. Это заболевание ежегодно диагностируется среди людей, проводятся профилактические мероприятия, однако есть группа вирусов, такие как Карши, Тамды, вирус Иссык-Кульской лихорадки и лихорадки долины Сырдарьи, о которых мало что известно. В связи с этим была поставлена цель — выявить распространённость вирусов Карши, Тамды, Иссык-Кульской лихорадки и лихорадки долины Сырдарьи на эндемичных по Крымской-Конго геморрагической лихорадке территориях, определить основных носителей и переносчиков инфекции. Клещи отлавливались на территориях, являющихся природными очагами вируса Крымской-Конго геморрагической лихорадки. Видовой состав отловленных клещей был представлен 9 видами: Hyalomma scupense, Hyalomma asiaticum, Hyalomma turanicum, Hyalomma anatolicum, Haemaphysalis sucata, Haemaphysalis punctata, Dermacentor niveus, Rhipicephalus pumilio, Rhipicephalus schulzei. Предварительно были проведены работы по подбору и конструированию олигонуклеотидных праймеров для идентификации вирусов методом молекулярно-генетического анализа. В результате проведенных исследований были обнаружены положительные пробы к вирусам Тамды и лихорадки долины Сырдарьи в клещах H. asiaticum, H. scupense из Туркестанской области. Вирус Крымской-Конго геморрагической лихорадки был обнаружен в клещах H. asiaticum и H. Scupense из Жамбылской и Туркестанской областей.
Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic on Teaching
Authors:   Department of Pharmacy, Kharvel Subharti College of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut, Verma Vikrant
Published: July 2021

In more than 200 nations, the COVID-19 Pandemic has caused the greatest disruption in the history of education systems, affecting up to 1,6 billion students. More than 94 percent of the world's student population have been affected by closures in schools, institutions, and other educational areas. This has brought about profound changes in our life in many facets. Social dissociation and limited rules on movement have greatly disrupted traditional training. Reopening schools following limitation easing is another problem with several new standard operating procedures. Within a brief period of the COVID-19 epidemic, numerous scholars have contributed their efforts on teaching and learning in diverse methods. Several institutions, colleges and universities have ceased face-to-face instruction. In the approaching year, there is a worry that 2020 will be lost or more. The time is needed to develop and implement alternative education and evaluation systems. The COVID-19 epidemic gave us a chance to set the road for digital learning. This article attempts to offer a thorough assessment on the influence on the online learning of various aspects of the COVID-19 epidemic, and to outline the way ahead.
Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum as a Complication of COVID-19 Infection: A Case Series.
Authors:   Department of Medicine, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta, Cilia Kyle
Published: July 2021

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is the presence of free air around mediastinal structures and frequently associated with other forms of extra-alveolar air, such as pneumopericardium, and pneumothorax. It is an uncommon occurrence and typically presents with pleuritic chest discomfort, dyspnea, odynophagia, and neck pain. It is frequently seen following chest trauma or in patients with underlying lung or connective tissue disorders. COVID-19 infection has been linked to spontaneous pneumomediastinum. We present two case reports of pneumomediastinum in two male patients whilst being treated for COVID-19 pneumonia. In one case, the pneumomediastinum was completely spontaneous whilst in the second case it was likely secondary to high flow nasal oxygen therapy. In both cases, patients were treated conservatively, and follow-up chest imaging showed complete resolution. One should keep in mind the possibility of such complication and have a low threshold for chest imaging in patients failing to improve or have sudden deterioration.
Sonographic Abnormalities of Thyroid Gland in Post-Menopausal Women with and without Hormone Replacement Therapy
Authors: Adnan Namra , Murrium Syeda Khadija-Tul-Sughra , Amir Gilani Syed
Published: July 2021

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is common especially in women over the age of 50 years. The prevalence of thyroid abnormalities is more in postmenopausal women using hormone replacement therapy. The prevalence of biochemical (or subclinical) hypothyroidism in women increases steadily with age, rising from 10% to 20% in the postmenopausal. The study results clearly indicate an increase in the activities of TSH among the older-aged post-menopausal women. Objective: To compare the sonographic findings of thyroid gland in post-menopausal women with and without hormone replacement therapy. Material and Method: A review of scientific literature concerning the correlation of Sonographic abnormalities of thyroid gland in post-menopausal women with and without hormone replacement therapy was done. Different platforms including medical journals, books and online resources(e.g., PubMed, Google Scholar & Medline) were explored to find the relevant data using the mesh Terms: Thyroid gland, postmenopausal women, Hormone Replacement Therapy etc. The main focus was given to the latest data published in the last 10 years.
Therapeutic and evolutionary characteristics of Diabetic ketosis decompensations after a decade at the University Hospital of Cotonou, Benin
Authors: Jules Gninkoun
Published: July 2021

Aim: To evaluate the therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of diabetic ketosis decompensation, a decade after its previous report in our center. Materials and Method: This was a 3-year retrospective study, including all patients admitted from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2019 for DKA at the Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Department of the National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM). Ketosis was defined by the presence of at least 2 acetone crosses on the urine strip. Results: A total of 196 patients were included. The mean age was 43.73 years ± 16.2 years with a sex ratio of 0.96. The prevalence of DKA was 28.99%. The main precipitating factors of DKA were infections (67.86%) and non-compliance to the treatment (29.59%). The most common infections were urogenital (23.30%), respiratory (18.04%) and malaria (32.33%). The mortality was 2.55%. Male subjects (84.36%) had blood glucose levels above 3g/L with a higher mean dose of insulin used (84.71 IU versus 54.29 IU for women p=0.008). Duration of recovery (p=0.008) and length of hospitalization (p=0.006) were statistically longer for men. Conclusion: The prevalence of ketosis decompensations remains high. The main decompensation factors found were infections and non-compliance to treatment. Improving patient care over the past decade had produced a positive impact on mortality, recovery time and length of hospitalization.
The method of maximum plausibility in the problems of protection of the radio signal of unmanned aerial vehicles control
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Ganusyak S. I.
Published: July 2021

The paper considers the problem of protection of control of the radio signal of control of unmanned aerial vehicles as a task of control of signal parameters. The problem of control of a parameter of a radio signal and a problem of protection against interception by control of the unmanned aerial vehicle is formulated. The methods of estimating the parameters of the radio communication signal are analyzed and the method of estimating the parameters based on the method of maximum likelihood is proposed. This technique is demonstrated by estimating the phase of harmonic oscillation, which describes the radio signal and there are noise interference. Simulation modeling of the developed method is carried out, which confirmed the adequacy of the proposed model.
Characteristics and general requirements for the access control and management system
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Omelchenko M. O.
Published: July 2021

The article examines the requirements for the functional purpose of access control and management systems (ACMS), the functional composition of ACMS and general requirements for it, integration and network construction of ACMS, burglar alarm systems, fire alarm systems, access control and management systems, ACMS capabilities, control systems access control, video surveillance systems.
Network monitoring software for improving the effectiveness of network protection
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kasovsʹka I. V. , Shapovalenko O. D. , Lutsenko I. M.
Published: July 2021

The main methods and protocols of network monitoring are given in the work. The general review of properties of software complexes of network monitoring is carried out. The open access software of network security monitoring systems is investigated and the choice of tool for further research is substantiated. Recommendations for network security measures have been developed.
Quality of service management in NGN networks
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Berkman L. N. , Varfolomeyeva O. G. , Zаkharzhevskyy A. G. , Tverdokhlib M. G. , Yartsev V. P.
Published: July 2021

In this article, the concepts of construction of the next generation networks are considered. The analysis of the main technological features that distinguish infocommunication services from the services of traditional communication networks was done. It is determined that the next generation network should provide the transmission of all types of media traffic and the distributed provision of an unlimited range of infocommunication services with the possibility of their scaling. For some infocommunication services, the order of packet arrival, packet delay and delay variation (jitter) are critical. It is necessary to guarantee the delivery of information such as speech, video and multimedia in real time with the minimum possible delay. For this purpose, the network must be implemented mechanisms to ensure the required quality of service (Quality of Service-QoS). There are two models to ensure guaranteed quality of service: integrated service of different types of traffic (IntServ) and differentiated services of different types of traffic (DiffServ). The expediency of the joint use of these two models has been proved, moreover, on the trunk sections of the network it is better to use the model of differentiated service of heterogeneous traffic, while using the RSVP protocol, the problem of resource reservation is solved for aggregated data flows. The mechanisms of traffic generation at the network domain boundary and processing algorithms of queue service have been determined. The minimum requirement which is presented for a queuing algorithm service that supports QoS functions is the ability to differentiate and define processing requirements for different packets. According to these parameters, the service algorithm must plan the order of transmission of queued packets. The frequency of service of packets of the same traffic stream determines the bandwidth allocated to this stream.