bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomass burning nitrogen dioxide emissions derived from space with TROPOMI: methodology and validation
Authors: Griffin Debora , McLinden Chris A. , Dammers Enrico , Adams Cristen , Stockwell Chelsea , Warneke Carsten , Bourgeois Ilann , Peischl Jeff , Ryerson Thomas B. , Zarzana Kyle J. , Rowe Jake P. , Volkamer Rainer , Knote Christoph , Kille Natalie , Koenig Theodore K. , Lee Christopher F. , Rollins Drew , Rickly Pamela S. , Chen Jack , Fehr Lukas , Bourassa Adam , Degenstein Doug , Hayden Katherine , Mihele Cristian , Wren Sumi N. , Liggio John , Akingunola Ayodeji , Makar Paul
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Smoke from wildfires is a significant source of air pollution, which can adversely impact air quality and ecosystems downwind. With the recently increasing intensity and severity of wildfires, the threat to air quality is expected to increase. Satellite-derived biomass burning emissions can fill in gaps in the absence of aircraft or ground-based measurement campaigns, and can help improve the on-line calculation of biomass burning emissions as well as the biomass burning emissions inventories that feed air quality models. This study focuses on satellite-derived NOx emissions using the high-spatial resolution TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) NO2 dataset. Advancements and improvements to the satellite based determination of forest fire NOx emissions are discussed, including information on plume height and effects of aerosol scattering on the satellite-retrieved vertical column densities. Two common top-down emission estimation methods, (1) an Exponentially Modified Gaussian (EMG) and (2) a flux method, are applied to synthetic data to determine the accuracy and the sensitivity to different parameters, including wind fields, satellite sampling, noise, lifetime and plume spread. These tests show that emissions can be accurately estimated from single TROPOMI overpasses. The effect of smoke aerosols on TROPOMI NO2 columns (via AMFs) is estimated and these satellite columns and emission estimates are compared to aircraft observations from four different aircraft campaigns measuring biomass burning plumes in 2018 and 2019 in North America. Our results indicate that applying an explicit aerosol correction to the TROPOMI NO2 columns improve the agreement with the aircraft observations (by about 10–25 %). The aircraft- and satellite-derived emissions are in good agreement within the uncertainties. Both top-down emissions methods work well, however, the EMG method seems to output more consistent results and has better agreement with the aircraft-derived emissions. Assuming a Gaussian plume shape for various biomass burning plumes, we estimate an average NOx e-folding time of 2 ± 1 h from TROPOMI observations. Based on chemistry transport model simulations and aircraft observations, the net emissions of NOx are 1.3 to 1.5 times greater than the satellite-derived NO2 emissions. A correction factor of 1.3 to 1.5 should thus be used to infer net NOx emissions from the satellite retrievals of NO2.
Oceanographic regional climate projections for the Baltic Sea until 2100
Authors: Meier H. E. Markus , Dieterich Christian , Gröger Matthias , Dutheil Cyril , Börgel Florian , Safonova Kseniia , Christensen Ole B. , Kjellström Erik
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Recently performed scenario simulations for the Baltic Sea including marine biogeochemistry were analyzed and compared with earlier published projections. The Baltic Sea, located in northern Europe, is a semi-enclosed, shallow and tide-less sea with seasonal sea ice cover in its northern sub-basins and a long residence time causing oxygen depletion in the bottom water of the southern sub-basins. With the help of dynamical downscaling using a regional coupled atmosphere-ocean climate model, four global Earth System Models were regionalized. As the regional climate model does not include components for the terrestrial and marine biogeochemistry, an additional catchment and coupled physical-biogeochemical model for the Baltic Sea were used. In addition to previous scenario simulations, the impact of various water level scenarios was examined as well. The projections suggest higher water temperatures, a shallower mixed layer with sharper thermocline during summer, reduced sea ice cover and intensified mixing in the northern Baltic Sea during winter compared to present climate. Both frequency and duration of marine heat waves would increase significantly, in particular in the coastal zone of the southern Baltic Sea (except in regions with frequent upwelling). Due to the uncertainties in projections of the regional wind, water cycle and global sea level rise, robust and statistically significant salinity changes cannot be identified. The impact of changing climate on biogeochemical cycling is considerable but in any case smaller than the impact of plausible nutrient input changes. Implementing the proposed Baltic Sea Action Plan, a nutrient input abatement plan for the entire catchment area, would result in a significantly improved ecological status of the Baltic Sea and reduced hypoxic area also in future climate, strengthening the resilience of the Baltic Sea against anticipated future climate change. While our findings about changes in variables of the heat cycle mainly confirm earlier scenario simulations, earlier projections for salinity and biogeochemical cycles differ substantially because of different experimental setups and different bioavailable nutrient input scenarios. During the time in which this paper was prepared, shortly before submission, Christian Dieterich passed away (1964–2021). This sad event marked the end of the life of a distinguished oceanographer and climate scientist who made important contributions to the climate modeling of the Baltic Sea, North Sea and North Atlantic regions.
Efficient polynomial analysis of magic-angle spinning sidebands and application to order parameter determination in anisotropic samples
Authors: Hempel Günter , Sotta Paul , Long Didier R. , Saalwächter Kay
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Chemical shift tensors in 13C solid-state NMR provide valuable localized information on the chemical bonding environment in organic matter, and deviations from isotropic static-limit powder line shapes sensitively encode dynamic-averaging or orientation effects. Studies in 13C natural abundance require magic-angle spinning (MAS), where the analysis must thus focus on spinning sidebands. We propose an alternative fitting procedure for spinning sidebands based upon a polynomial expansion that is more efficient than the common numerical solution of the powder average. The approach plays out its advantages in the determination of CST (chemical-shift tensor) principal values from spinning-sideband intensities and order parameters in non-isotropic samples, which is here illustrated with the example of stretched glassy polycarbonate.
Building taxonomies on the base of vocabulary in real use in the system, Leopoldina.pl use case
Authors: Łętowska Agnieszka
Published: August 2021

Taxonomies are attempts of ordering world in semantic field. They are also a useful tool of knowledge organization, facilitating domain information retrieval. Taxonomy or thesauri creation requires extensive and thorough analytical process, engaging information and knowledge from variety of sources. Typically it is a longterm activity. Such traditional approach failed for knowledge organization gathered on Leopoldina.pl platform. The aim of the service is to present heterogenic and differentiated digital resources of University of Wrocław (UWr). Due to lack of success of creation an universal taxonomy in given period of time, an bottom-up approach was proposed. The entire range of vocabulary indexed in Leopoldina.pl platform was divided into discipline categories which were used as the base for taxonomies and thesauri creation. In current paper we describe the bottom-up process of taxonomy creation. Programming tools (in Python) used for domain dictionaries creation are presented. We provided also evaluation of external organized knowledge sources (like Wikipedia, GBIF ̶ the Global Biodiversity Information Facility and other domain-specific thematic portals) for automatic knowledge handling and taxonomies creation.
Rákóczi thematic digital archive at the national széchényi library
Authors: Németh Márton
Published: August 2021

In this article a new project is being presented from the National Széchényi Library about the Rákóczi Archive. In a project framework in 2019 by developing a demo app we could demonstrate the integration of digitized and digital-born contents. It is useful to find a historical event for this purpose that can represent our common past in the Carpathian Basin and can be represented by a multilingual digital interface. This Rákóczi project offering a good opportunity to present archived web content in the same context with digitized materials from other digital library collections. The target group is broad, it can be also useful for researchers, students, and librarians.
Implementasi Kontrol Proportional - Integral Pada Bidirectional Converter Untuk Sistem Pengisian Baterai Turbin Angin
Authors: Hamlah Nadela Ilif Baridatul Jannah  , Hariyadi Herman
Published: August 2021

The level of demand for electrical energy in Indonesia is currently getting higher and will continue with the increase in population so that it is required to conduct research in the field of renewable energy. To be able to support renewable energy research, a switching circuit is needed for the battery charging system. The switching circuit used is a converter bidirectional circuit controlled by an Arduino Uno microcontroller based on PI (Proportional-Integral) control. PI control functions to regulate the voltage so that it has a stable output voltage value. From the research results of the Konverter bidirectional circuit, using trial and error control constants Kp: 2,6 and Ki: 5,6, it was found that the battery charging time was obtained with an initial voltage of 22.9 Volt to 24 Volt battery without using PI control, which was 6 hours 57 minutes, whereas if using the PI control with Kp: 2,6 and Ki: 5,6 with the initial battery voltage of 22.9 Volt to 24 Volt, the battery charging becomes faster, which is 2 hours 45 minutes.
Sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels in employees of Khyber Medical University Peshawar
Authors: Khan Zardad , Nawaz Rab , Tariq Muhammad , Zeb Alam , Ali Ikram , Alam Shahid
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The increase in sedentary behaviour and decrease in physical activity levels are some of the contributing factors to many of the non-communicable diseases. These non-communicable diseases included obesity, type-II diabetes and cardiovascular problems. Apart from causing financial burden on health care system, these diseases have been reported to cause nearly 1.9 million premature deaths per year. The aim of the study was to measure sedentary behaviour and physical activity levels among employees of Khyber Medical University, Peshawar.
Material & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on employees of Khyber Medical University, Peshawar. The total sample size was 172 and the data was collected through convenience sampling by using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long form. This questionnaire measures physical activity levels and sedentary behaviour at work.
Results: Out of 172 participants, 154 (89.5%) were male and 18 (10.4%) were female with a mean age of 34.4 ± 2 years. According to the levels of physical activity, 49 (28.5%) were less active, 63 (36.6%) were moderately active and 60 (34.9%) were highly active. The average time spent by the participants for sitting was (8.93 ± 2.35) hours per day. A total of 73.8%, 23.3 % and 2.9% participants could be categorised as having high, moderate and low sedentary behaviour, respectively.
Conclusion: Majority of the participants (two-thirds of the participants) demonstrated a high sedentary behaviour and therefore, needed modification in their daily routine.
Comparison of Mckenzie approach versus Lumbar Stabilization Exercises in the treatment of chronic low back pain
Authors: Aqil Faria , Iqbal Muhammad Affan , Karim Suhail , Iqbal Muhammad Umar , Akram Muhammad Junaid , Mehreen Zona , Mufti Raeed
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Lumbar stabilization and McKenzie exercises are becoming a popular trend for managing chronic low back pain though it is currently not known whether lumbar stabilization exercises produce better results in improving functional status compared to McKenzie approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the McKenzie approach versus lumbar stabilization in the treatment of chronic low back pain.
Material & Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial. Lottery method was used to randomly divide individuals who fulfilled inclusion criteria into 2 groups. Assessments of the patients were done in OPD. Baseline assessment was done on day 1 and post intervention assessment was done after 2 weeks. A total of 8 treatment sessions spread across 2 weeks were given (4 days per week). Data were assessed at baseline level and post intervention. Data was entered and analysed by SPSS version 21.
Results: A total of 28 females and 02 males (mean age of 50.88 ±12.29) participated in the study. After 02 weeks of intervention, both treatment groups showed improvement in decreasing pain and improving functional status. The lumber stabilization group showed significant gains on Numeric Pain Rating Scale and (p=0.001) and Modified Oswestry Disability Index (p=0.001) compared to the Mckenzie group.
Conclusion: Patients in both lumber stabilisation and McKenzie groups showed significant improvement, however, the patients in lumbar stabilization group were superior than the patients in McKenzie group on the selected outcomes.
Parental consanguinity increases the risk of congenital malformations
Authors: Gul Maheen , Noor Dil , Nazir Gulrukh , Saidal Ahsan , Bahadar Haji
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Congenital malformation is a physical or structural abnormality present either prenatally or after birth. These anomalies are either primary or secondary malformation. Primary malformations adversely affect body functions, however, the secondary malformations are the structural defects which may have less or no effect on body functions. Primary congenital anomalies show marked variations globally with respect to prevalence. The aim of the current study was to further add to the scientific evidences on the pattern and prevalence of congenital anomalies in cousins and non-cousins’ marriages in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Material and Methods: Data of 200 patients (divided into two groups) was collected by convenience sampling through cross-sectional survey. Group-I consisted of 100 gravidas who were diagnosed with anomalous foetus either hydrocephalous, anencephaly or cleft lip/palate and Group-II comprised of infants with inborn heart defects were selected.
Results: The study shows 68% consanguineous and 32% non-consanguineous marriages. Hydrocephalous shows the highest rate of incidence (55%) followed by anencephaly (40%) cleft lip/palate (5%), Ventricular Septal Defect (43%), Atrial Septal Defect (29%), Patent Ductus Arteriosus (16%) and Tetralogy of Fallot (12%). The relative risk of hydrocephalus and anencephaly in consanguineous and non-consanguineous marriage was 0.98 while the relative risk of Ventricular Septal Defect and Patent Ductus Arteriosus was 1.1. Rate of miscarriages was comparatively high in cousin marriages. Frequency of CM was higher in multigravida compared to primigravida. Detection rate of hydrocephalus was highest in second trimester, cleft lip/palate in third trimester and anencephaly in first trimester.
Conclusion: Parental consanguinity is one of the major risk factors for structural, neurological and cardiac anomalies.
Peran Pemuda Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Non Formal
Authors: Mulyono Mulyono
Published: August 2021

Abstrak : Pemuda harus mampu menyalurkan aspirasinya dalam upaya meningkatkan sistem kelembagaan yang ada dalam lingkungan masyarakatnya, termasuk sistem kelembagan pendidikan non formal sebagai salah satu lembaga yang mampu menopang terhadap kekurangan-kekurangan yang ada dalam lembaga pendidikan formal.
In Vitro Comparative Study on the Antibacterial and the Antioxidant Activity of Pergularia tomentosa L.
Authors: Belakehal Souad , Labed Brahim , Zenkhri Louiza , Benzahi Khedidja , Tabchouche Ahmed
Published: August 2021

Ethanolic extracts of Pergularia tomentosa L. were used for the relative analysis of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against two types of Gram-negative bacteria. (Escherichia coli G (-) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa G (-)) and a gram positive (Staphylococus aureus G (+)). Maximum activity was recorded against Escherichia coli, with a maximum inhibition diameter of 23mm using the disk diffusion method. In addition, the results revealed a higher bacterial activity against Escherichia coli with an inhibition diameter of 23mm compared to standard antibiotics Ampicillin/Nystatin with an inhibition diameter of 11.75mm. The study of the antioxidant activity by the DPPH and FRAP methods showed that vitamin C is the most active with an IC50 equal to 0.010 g/ml, followed by the crude extract, with a value of 0.012 g/ml and finally Tocopherol (VE) which seems to be the least effective with an IC50 of 0.015 g/ml. The results obtained in the present study suggest that Pergularia tomentosa L. can be used in the treatment of diseases caused by the organisms tested. Further chemical and pharmacological investigations can be carried out to isolate and identify the chemical constituents in selected plants responsible for antimicrobial activity.
Application of SARIMA model to forecasting the natural rubber price in the world market
Authors: Pham Nhien T.
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to develop a forecasting model to predict the price natural rubber in the world market by using the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA). The dataset for model development was collected from series data of average monthly closing average prices in the natural rubber - Ribbed Smoked Sheet No.3 (RSS3) on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange (TOCOM) for the period of January 2007 - September 2018. The RSS3 price on the TOCOM provided the reference price for natural rubber in the world market. It resulted SARIMA(2,1,2)(1,1,1)12 model was selected as the best-fit model. The model achieved 0.000 for Probability value (P-value). 8.86 for Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and 9.01 for Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC); 6.68% for Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and 21.43 for Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). This model was used to forecast the world's natural rubber price during October 2018 - December 2020. This study may be helpful to the farmers, traders, and the governments of the world's important natural rubber producing countries to plan policies to reduce natural rubber production costs and stabilize the natural rubber price in the future, such as by setting suitable areas for natural rubber plantation in each country and defining appropriate and sustainable alternative crop areas in each country.
Ordu ve Trabzon İllerinde Deniz Balığı Yetiştiriciliği Yapan İşletmelerin Yapısal ve Biyo-Teknik Analizi
Authors: YILDIRIM Arda , YILMAZ Ebru
Published: August 2021

Bu çalışmada, Ordu ve Trabzon illerinde deniz balığı yetiştiriciliği yapan işletmelerin yapısal ve biyo-teknik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Ordu ilinde 5 işletme Trabzon ilinde 8 işletme olmak üzere toplam 13 işletmeye tam sayım yöntemine göre anket uygulanarak orijinal veriler alınmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre, Ordu’daki ağ kafes işletmelerinin ortalama yem dönüşüm oranları levrek, gökkuşağı alabalığı ve sivriburun karagöz balığında sırasıyla; 2.01, 1.52 ve 2.70, Trabzon’daki işletmelerde ise levrek ve alabalık için sırasıyla 2.09 ve 1.53 bulunmuştur. Ordu’da sivriburun karagöz balığı yetiştiriciliğini işletmelerin tamamının, Trabzon’da ise sadece iki işletmenin yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Ortalama hasat ağırlığı levrekte 350-500 g, alabalıkta 500-1000 g ve sivriburun karagöz balığında 250-350 g olarak tespit edilmiştir. İşletmelerde Vibriyozis, Yersiniozis ve Pastörellozis ve Aeromonas enfeksiyonları görüldüğü saptanmıştır. Ordu’daki işletmelerde Trabzon’a göre ölüm oranı değerlerinin alabalıkta yüksek, levrek balığında ise düşük olduğu, araç-gereç ve yapısal birimler bakımından ise Ordu’daki işletmelerin daha donanımlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler ışığında işletmelerin daha verimli çalışması ve sorunların giderilmesi için bölgede kuluçkahane, hastalık teşhis laboratuvarı ve işleme tesisi kurulmalı, örgütlenme ve pazar talebinin artmasına yönelik çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Dynamic MRI in diagnosis of complex adnexal masses
Authors: Awais Anum , Sarfraz Saulat , Saleem Fatima , Sajjad Sidra , Tariq Tuba , Niazi Aqsa Gul , Alam Aruj
Published: August 2021

Background: When ultrasonographic data are restricted, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans can assist identify adnexal mass features. Two European centers have done pioneering work on Dynamic MRI with varied accuracy in diagnosis of complex adnexal lesions. Aim: To evaluate diagnostic accuracy of Dynamic MRI in diagnosing complex adnexal masses, Methods: The Department of Radiology conducted a cross-sectional study. Sheikh Zayed hospital, Lahore for 6 months (September 2017-March 2018). Procedure was done for MRI and histopathology for detecting the adnexal masses. Results of MRI were compared with histopathology results, which are taken as gold standard. Reporting was done by researcher herself under supervision of consultant radiologist. SPSS version 20 was used to enter and evaluate the data. Results: The mean age of patients was 41.57±11.69 years. Dynamic MRI has a 95% sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy. 94.37% and 94.7% respectively. Conclusion: Dynamic MRI is reliable and useful tool with high values of responsiveness, for detecting complicated indeterminate adnexal masseson Doppler considering histopathology as gold standard.Specificity and diagnostic accuracy are important. Keywords: Dynamic MRI, Histopathology, Complex Adnexal Mass
Rate of HCV Seroconversion And Its Associated Factors In Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Javaid Muhammad Usman , Khan Azhar Ali , Akram Mateen , Asif Muhammad , Iqbal Nasir , Javed Munaza
Published: August 2021

Background: CKD is a worldwide public health problem. HCV is the most frequent complication of patients on hemodialysis, it is very important to screen patients for HCV seropositivity, asit may lead to severe liver disease, complications in renal transplant and death. Aim: To find the incidence of HCV seropositivity and identify factors associated with hemodialysis patients at the Dialysis Center. Methodology: A Retrospective Cohort study conducted at Hemodialysis Unit, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from January 2015 to December 2015. Secondary data was collected from all the record files of all the patients included in the study available at Sheikh Zayed hospital. Data was also collected by a questionnaire from patient to determine different variables. Data for age, gender, HCV seroconversion, number of transfusions, emergency dialysis at any other hemodialysis center, surgeries, previous history of HCV, dialyzer reuse and dental procedure etc. was collected and patients were divided in two groups according to HCV status at the end of study. Data for seroconversion was studied for relation with given risk factors using Chi-square test and odds ratios with 95% confidence interval. Binary logistic regression was used to see the adjusted odds ratio of various risk factors for seroconversion. P-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the patients was 43.40±16.37 years. The frequency of previous transfusions was 120(48%) The frequency of emergency dialysis outside Shaikh Zayed Hospital was 76(30.4%). The frequency of surgeries was 126(50.4%). The frequency of dental procedures was 102(40.8%). The mean duration of dialysis was 17.6±5.73. The incidence of HCV seroconversion in hemodialysis patients was 124(49.6%). Conclusion: We concluded that the incidence of HCV seroconversion in hemodialysis patients was 8.2% per year and over a period of six years nearly 49.6% who were undergoing dialysis in our dialysis center. Keywords: HCV seroconversion, hemodialysis patients
Novel MIL city model for a post-covid recovery
Authors: Bouichou M. , Solami M.
Published: August 2021

Since the beginning of 2020, the global pandemic of covid­19 has im­ pacted all the cities around the world at all levels. From this perspective, this analysis strives to identify the reasons behind the global inability to face a pandemic and its consequences. A novel MIL city model is pro­ posed to guide policy design at the city level to ensure both a post­covid recovery and resilience facing uncertainties that are inherent to human existence.
Reflecting on Critical Thinking in the Jamaican Education System: Embracing UNESCO’s MIL City Concept
Authors: Deans M.
Published: August 2021

Jamaica has acknowledged that the digital age calls for an education sys­ tem that takes into consideration the development of critical thinking skills within students as a means of resolving immediate and lifelong challenges. To this extent, the Ministry of Education advocates that Ja­ maica needs a “well resourced, internationally recognized, values­based system that develops critical thinking, life­long learners who are pro­ ductive and successful and can effectively contribute to an improved quality of life at the personal, national and global levels (PIOJ, 2010, p. 45). In order to achieve this; at the tertiary level, the Department of Library and Information Studies (DLIS), UWI, Mona, plays a criti­ cal role as a regional school in embracing and advocating Media and Information Literacy and Intercultural Dialogue (MILID) initiatives. Both students and staff recognize the importance of their role in UNESCO’s multi­disciplinary approach to media and information lit­ eracy for all.
Netflix: Estratégia de Criatividade e Inovação para Superação das Barreiras Culturais da Comunicação
Authors: Simond R.
Published: August 2021

In the pursuit ofways to overcome Cultural Communication Barriers, we analyzed Netflix's strategy to stand out in the market as a creative and innovative corporation worldwide. To achieve the objective, we used the qualitative exploratory research methodology and articles related to the theme and the publication of the former Netflix talent chief, Patty McCord. Based on the analysis, we reached three actions that collabo­ rate to reduce the barriers in communication: Action of Resources, Ac­ tion of Processes and Action of Communication. According to the study, we conclude that the results of applying the strategy bring benefits and advantages that not only overcome the cultural barriers of communica­ tion internally, but also contribute to breaking down barriers in which the company is present.
Diversidad cultural e interculturalidad indígena en el Paraguay: una de las dimensiones de la Ciudad MIL
Authors: Bogado D.
Published: August 2021

The present work brings a brief history of the situation of indigenous people in Paraguay, as well as reflecting on their future, having as a perspective the perspective of the MIL Cities paradigm, a new UNESCO framework.
Training and Manpower Productivity in Nigeria Public Sector
Authors: Rotimi Adeyoriju , Folorunso Fajebe
Published: August 2021

The Nigerian public sector score-card over the years is equated to inefficiency and poor performance. This is owing to the understanding that public sector personnel are ill-equipped with necessary skills to turn around the fortune of the nation. This study therefore examined training and manpower productivity in Nigeria public sector: concerns and pathway for effectiveness. To achieve this, the study reviews literature on the concepts of training, manpower productivity, emergence and role of government in training and manpower productivity in Nigeria, and challenges of training in Nigeria public sector. This study utilized human capital and scientific management theory in order to build solid arguments for the discourse. It was therefore concluded that productivity in Nigeria public sector is contingent on proper manpower training and development. Hence, the study recommends the need to ensure that training is handled by competent human resources experts and practitioners for efficient results. Also, training and productivity-oriented organizations in Nigeria must be strengthened for effectiveness.
NAJAT EL HACHMI – DISCURSO DE RESISTÊNCIA E IDENTIDADE NO CONTEXTO DA MIGRAÇÃO
Authors: Dos Santos Sabriny
Published: August 2021

O presente artigo visa analisar o romance La hija extranjera (2015), de Najat  El Hachmi, com o objetivo de verificar como se dá a construção identitária de mulheres migrantes através da narrativa de migração. O estudo ainda procura dar destaque ao discurso de resistência projetado por El Hachmi em sua obra e a reivindicação por uma construção identitária que deixe em evidência a sua própria voz e sua existência enquanto sujeito autônomo. Para tanto, a fundamentação teórica  das  discussões propostas será baseada na perspectiva Análise do Discurso – Patrick Charaudeau (2009) – sobre os conceitos de identidade social e discursiva. Com a análise, foi possível compreender a obra de El Hachmi como uma importante manifestação de resistência. Ao contestar imaginários sobre a mulher migrante a autora coloca em evidência a urgência de se tratar da construção de identidades na migração por uma perspectiva mais plural que leve em consideração a voz migrante.
ANÁLISE CONTRASTIVA DE TEXTOS EM SALA DE AULA
Authors: Romero Susanah Yoshimi Watanabe , Martins Mariana Spagnolo
Published: August 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar fenômenos encontrados em textos dos gêneros poema e música que retratam a linguagem popular, aproximando-se da fala dos alunos e, a partir desses dados, identificar o que, segundo a norma-padrão, apresentaria desvios gramaticais. A partir das observações dos textos, buscamos identificar como o ensino de português na escola deve abranger as diferentes possibilidades de uso da língua, que contemplam a modalidade culta, a norma-padrão e a variação linguística. Para isso, utilizamos os estudos de Carlos Alberto Faraco (2002; 2008) e Stella Maris Bortoni-Ricardo (2004) como fundamentação do conceito de norma e da metodologia dos Contínuos de Letramento, Monitoração e Estilística. Para contrapor as teorias da Pedagogia da Variação (FARACO, 2008; BORTONI-RICARDO, 2004), apresentamos os conceitos gramaticais dos fenômenos analisados, com base nas gramáticas de Mauro Ferreira (2007) e Evanildo Bechara (2015). Respaldados nas teorias, partimos para a análise dos materiais, que consistem em duas músicas populares e quatro poemas modernistas brasileiros. Observamos como os autores empregam as colocações pronominais, a seleção lexical e as pessoas do discurso, a princípio fora da norma-padrão, mas coerente para os alunos. Dessa forma, criamos o contraste entre norma-padrão e norma culta, apresentando para os estudantes as várias formas de adequação.
VALIDATION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF PRODUCTION OF THE DRUG "GLUCONIL®, COATED TABLETS, 1000 MG"
Authors: БРАТАШОВА А.Ю. , САКИПОВА З.Б. , ТУЛЕГЕНОВА А.У.
Published: August 2021

Проведена валидация технологического процесса препарата «Глюконил®, таблетки, покрытые оболочкой, 1000 мг». Для каждой критической стадии процесса определены оптимальные параметры технологического процесса, установлен перечень контролируемых показателей качества, влияющих на безопасность и эффективность лекарственного препарата, и критерии их приемлемости, разработана рациональная схема отбора образцов, обеспечивающая их репрезентативность. Результаты, полученные при производстве трех промышленных валидационных серий, доказывают постоянство и надежность процесса производства лекарственного препарата от серии к серии и для каждой единицы дозированной лекарственной формы.

The technological process of the preparation «Gluconil®, coated tablets, 1000 mg» was validated. For each critical stage of the process, the optimal parameters of the technological process are determined, a list of controlled quality indicators affecting the safety and efficacy of the medicinal product, and the criteria for their acceptability are established, a rational scheme for sampling is developed, ensuring their representativeness. The results obtained in the production of three industrial validation batches prove the consistency and reliability of the production process of the medicinal product from batch to batch and for each unit of the dosage form.
ANALYSIS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF DRUG PROVISION FOR INPATIENTS IN A MEDICAL AND PROPHYLACTIC INSTITUTION
Authors: Жакипбеков К.С. , Толепбергенова А.Д. , Оспанова С.И.
Published: August 2021

В статье представлена схема распределения лекарственных средств в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях. Приводятся основные положения логистики ЛС в медицинских организациях, наиболее распространенные типы нерационального использования ЛС, причины и последствия неправильного использования ЛС. Обоснована необходимость модернизации работы аптеки в лечебно-профилактической организации.

The article presents a scheme for the distribution of drugs in medical institutions. The main provisions of drug logistics in medical organizations, the most common types of drug misuse, causes and consequences of drug misuse are given. The necessity of modernizing the work of a pharmacy in a medical and preventive organization has been substantiated.
OVERVIEW OF GLUCOSE METERS AND TEST STRIPS IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Султанали Д. , Жапаркулова К.А.
Published: August 2021

В данной статье представлены результаты маркетингового исследования фармацевтического рынка Республики Казахстан по изделиям медицинского назначения, в том числе глюкометрам и тест-полосам. Результаты исследования представлены в виде диаграммы и списка. Также приведены цены на глюкометры и тест-полоски, зарегистрированные в Казахстане и популярные по запросу. В связи с тем, что в настоящее время в нашей стране растет число людей, страдающих сахарным диабетом, проверка уровня сахара в крови является обязательной, но не всем больным доступны зарубежные глюкометры и тест-полоски для них, поэтому стране необходимо уделять больше внимания отечественному производству

This article presents the results of a marketing study of the pharmaceutical market of the Republic of Kazakhstan on medical products, including glucose meters and test strips. The results of the study are presented in the form of a diagram and a list. Prices for blood glucose meters and test strips registered in Kazakhstan and popular on request are also shown. Due to the fact that currently the number of people suffering from diabetes is growing in our country, checking the blood sugar level is mandatory, but not all patients have access to foreign blood glucose meters and test strips for them, so the country needs to pay more attention to domestic production.
PHARMACEUTICAL PACKAGING: REQUIREMENTS AND QUALITIES
Authors: РАХЫМБЕРЛИНОВ М.Б. , КАЮПОВА Ф.Е. , ЕГИЗБАЕВА А.А. , ЖУРЫНОВА А.О. , СУТТИБАЕВА М.Ж.
Published: August 2021

Основной функцией любого фармацевтического упаковочного материала является защита рецептуры от воздействия окружающей среды для увеличения срока ее хранения и сохранения ее содержимого. Однако необходимо принимать во внимание защите окружающей среды от нежелательного воздействия фармацевтических упаковочных материалов. Поэтому разработка фармацевтической упаковки предполагает экологическую ответственность, устойчивость и определенные применимые правила охраны окружающей среды и переработки отходов.

The main function of any pharmaceutical packaging material is to protect the formulation from environmental influences to increase its shelf life and preserve its contents. However, it is necessary to take into account the protection of the environment from the undesirable effects of pharmaceutical packaging materials. Therefore, the development of pharmaceutical packaging involves environmental responsibility, sustainability, and certain applicable regulations for environmental protection and waste management.
THE INFLUENCE OF TRUST AND INFORMATION QUALITY ON ONLINE PURCHASE DECISION IN THE SHOPEE APPLICATION (A CASE STUDY ON PT SRI BOGOR’S EMPLOYEE)
Authors: Esa Indra Mustika  , Antoni Ludfi Arifin
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine how trust and information quality influence online purchasing decisions for Shopee application users. This research is a quantitative study with trust, information quality, and purchase decisions as variables. The population of this research was employees of PT SRI Bogor, who had at least used the Shopee application once. The sample used in this study consisted of 90 respondents who were taken using the accidental sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, in which each respondent was given 25 statements. The data were then analyzed using regression analysis techniques, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis testing. The results of this study indicate that: (1) Trust has a positive effect on purchasing decisions with a value of 28%; (2) Quality of information has a positive effect on purchasing decisions with a value of 37.4%; (3) Trust and quality of information simultaneously influence purchasing decisions with a value of 43.4%, while the remaining 56.6% is influenced by other variables not examined.
THE INFLUENCE OF GUARANTEE VALUE, BUSINESS TURNOVER, BUSINESS AGE AND PROVISION OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION ON FORMAL CREDIT ACCESS TO SMEs IN BANYUMAS DISTRICT
Authors: Alfiandita Rizka Meivita  , Yusriyati Nur Farida
Published: August 2021

One of the main problems faced by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is capital. The limited capital owned by SMEs encouraged them to obtain loans by accessing credit from financial institutions. However, not all SMEs can access credit from financial institutions because before giving credit the creditor needs to gain confidence that the prospective debtor is able to repay his credit based on 5C credit principles (character, capacity, capital, condition of economy, collateral). This study aims to determine the effect of collateral value, business turnover, business age and provision of accounting information on accessibility of formal credit. The type of research used is survey research. The population in this study are all SMEs engaged in the trade sector in Banyumas Regency. The sampling technique used is proportionate stratified sampling with a sample of 100 respondents. Data collection techniques in this study used survey techniques by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The data analysis technique in this study used multiple regression analysis assisted by SPSS software. The results of this study indicate that: (1) collateral value has a significant positive effect on access to formal credit, (2) business turnover has a significant positive effect on access to formal credit, (3) business age has no significant influence on access to formal credit, (4) information provision accounting has a significant positive effect on access to formal credit. Adjusted R Square testing results show that the effect of collateral value, business turnover, business age, and provision of accounting information on access to formal credit is 54.7% while 45.3% can be explained by other variables not examined. The implication of this research is to be able to increase access to formal credit, SMEs need to (1) own assets that can be used as collateral where the value must be greater than the amount of credit proposed, (2) improve their ability to manage businesses to obtain optimal business turnover, (3) strive to improve the provision of accounting information appropriately so that it can facilitate financial institutions to assess actual business conditions
Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Kotoran Ayam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kutu Air (Moina sp.)
Authors: Kurniawan  , Danakusumah Edward , Rahmatia Firsty
Published: August 2021

Budidaya perikanan saat ini mengalami kendala dalam pengembangannya. terutama dalam usaha pembenihan ikan. Hal ini terjadi karena tingginya tingkat kematian dari larva pada saat pembenihan yang disebabkan karena kekurangan makanan pada saat massa penggantian dari makanan kuning telur ke makanan lain. Pada saat telur baru menetas dan setelah makanan cadangan habis, maka benih ikan membutuhkan pakan yang sesuai dengan ukuran bukaan mulutnya, pemberian pakan yang belebihan berakibat kualitas air media sangat rendah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dosis kotoran ayam terhadap pertumbuhan Moina sp. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Rancang Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan (dosis 50, dosis 70, dosis 90, dosis 110 dan dosis 130) dan 4 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pupuk kotoran ayam berpengaruh terhadap populasi Moina sp. Pemberian pupuk dengan dosis 130 gram/L dapat menurunkan pertumbuhan populasi Moina sp. Dosis kotoran ayam yang menghasilkan populasi Moina sp. terbaik adalah perlakuan 110 gram/L. Dosis ini dapat menghasilkan rata-rata populasi Moina sp. sebanyak 291 ekor setelah dipelihara selama 32 hari.
Peran Pendampingan Orang Tua Dalam Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini Selamat Belajar Dari Rumah di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Data Alfred Bunga , Talizaro Tafonao  , Sidabutar Dewi Lidya , Rini Sumanti Sapalakkai
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic requires children to study at home. All student learning activities are carried out at home with guidance from parents. So that the role of parents in educating children is in the first place. Parents are the main responsibility for the education of their children. The purpose of writing this article is to see how the efforts made by parents in accompanying their children during the pandemic. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The method is, the method used is based on data obtained from the research field. In this study, besides wanting to see the child's learning process, the role and parenting pattern or mentoring of parents to their children during online learning that you want to observe carefully. Parents can apply teaching methods that involve daily activities such as making food, cleaning the house, or other things that can be created with the material being studied by the child. From the results of research on the role of parents in accompanying children during online learning, they still find various obstacles ranging from a lack of understanding of the condition of each child.
 
Abstrak
Adanya pandemi Covid-19 mengharuskan anak untuk belajar di rumah. Seluruh kegiatan belajar siswa dilaksanakan di rumah dengan bimbingan dari orang orang tua. Sehingga peranan orang tua dalam mendidik anak berada pada urutan pertama. Orang tua merupakan penanggung jawab utama dalam pendidikan anak-anaknya. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah melihat bagaimana upaya-upaya yang dilakukan oleh orang tua dalam mendampingi anak selama pandemi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Metode tersebut merupakan, metode yang digunakan berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari lapangan penelitian. dalam penelitian ini selain ingin melihat proses pembelajaran anak peran dan pola asuh atau pendampingan orang tua kepada anak anaknya selama pembelajaran daring yang ingin diamati secara seksama. Orang tua bisa menerapkan metode pengajaran yang melibatkan kegiatan sehari-hari seperti membuat makanan, membersihkan rumah, atau lainnya yang bisa dikreasikan dengan materi yang sedang dipelajari oleh anak. Dari hasil penelitian peran orang tua dalam mendampingi anak selama pembelajaran daring masih menemukan berbagai kendala mulai dari kurangnya pemahaman akan kondisi anak masing-masing.
HAK ASASI PEREMPUAN DALAM HUKUM KELUARGA BERBASIS AL -QUR’AN
Authors: Chalabi Ahmad
Published: August 2021

The conclusion of this article is that the human right of women in law.The perspective of the koran is a basic right inheren in women as a gift from God related to norm s and laws that  protect women as individual sosial beings and the spritual dimension. Individual women’s right in family law are the right to the right to the opportunity to gain education  and achievement, right related to marriege and khulu right and enheritance right. While women’s right as social beings is the right of women to have the opportunity to take part in a balanced manner in the domestic and public sphere, namely the right to work the right to become the leader of entrepreneurial right, security rights, fan comfort in the  workplace and social media  including getting a healty environment. As well as  women’s right as a spritual dimension women also have  the right as a spritual dimension women also have the right to worship according to religios  provisions and with the dosire and ability no one can deprive women of their right to worship.
ETIKA INTERAKSI SOSIAL DALAM POLA MEMINTA IZIN
Authors: Aziz Abd
Published: August 2021

This paper aims to describe the derivative of the explanation of Surat al-Nur in the form of social ethics in establishing interactions in the community. The method used is descriptive analysis of the pattern of asking for permission in Surat al-Nur. The finding in this paper is that the ethics of asking for permission is a form of respect and protection of one's privacy rights as a servant of Allah, which must be guarded. This social ethic is personal and communal in the midst of advances in knowledge and habits that are distorted by outside civilizations.
Humic Substances With Mineral Fertilization on Nutrient Availability in Irrigated Soil
Authors: Tavares Rose Luiza Moraes , Oliveira Cleire Luciano de , Assis Renato Lara de , Filho Silvio Vasconcelos de Paiva , Ferreira Camila dos Santos , Boldrin Paulo Fernandes
Published: August 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the alternative use of humic substances (humic and fulvic acid) combined or not with mineral fertilization containing Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) in the process of nutrient retention in the soil. For this, an experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with PVC columns of 40 cm high and 5 cm in diameter, where they were filled with Oxisol sample, being half of the treatments fertilized with NPK and half without at. Humic substances were added at doses equivalent to 0, 60, 120 and, 240 L ha-1. After this, 10 irrigations were made with 32 mm rain simulation. After 30 days, soil samples were collected in the upper (0-20 cm) and lower (20-40 cm) layers of the columns. Soil samples were evaluated for P, K, Ca, Mg content, pH, and soil conductivity. The experiment was in a completely randomized design, with a factorial statistical scheme of 2 × 2 × 4 with three replicates. The results showed that mineral fertilization complemented with the use of humic acid promoted a higher residual effect of Ca and K in the soil after 30 days. The fulvic acid, when used in a complementary way to mineral fertilization, promoted a higher amount of P in the soil. In the absence of mineral fertilization, the effect of humic substance use is low on the availability of nutrients in the soil.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 13, No. 9
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: August 2021

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 13, No. 9, 2021.