bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endocrine Disease
Authors: Morell Eric , Peralta Feyce
Published: January 2021

Endocrine disease has become increasingly prevalent in parturients, primarily due to the increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Both preexisting diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus are associated with significant maternal and fetal complications. The Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study demonstrated that not only was the presence of diabetes mellitus associated with complications during pregnancy but the degree of glycemic control also had an effect on the development of adverse events. Other than diabetes mellitus, the next most common endocrine disease encountered during pregnancy is thyroid disease, with hypothyroidism being more common than hyperthyroidism. Overt hypothyroidism has been shown to be associated with premature birth, low birth weight, pregnancy loss, reduction in offspring IQ, and the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension and, therefore, requires levothyroxine therapy throughout pregnancy. Hyperthyroidism is similarly associated with premature birth, low birth weight, pregnancy loss, hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal heart failure, transient fetal hypothyroidism, neonatal Graves disease, and neonatal mortality. Additional endocrine diseases encountered in pregnancy include pheochromocytomas, prolactinomas, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Due to the rarity of these diseases, diagnosis is often delayed and can result in poor maternal and fetal outcomes.
This review contains 6 figures, 5 tables, and 38 references.
Key Words: diabetes, gestational, hyperglycemia, hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, pheochromocytoma, prolactinoma
Medical Imaging of the Airway
Authors: Tang Gilbert S
Published: January 2021

Non-invasive imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, x-ray, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide details about airway anatomy that complement the physical examination. They are of particular value in patients with traumatic injury, malignancy, abscess, foreign body or mass in the airway that displace, distort, disrupt, encroach or compress airway structures in ways that may not be readily apparent otherwise. Many anesthesiologists do not receive formal training in interpreting medical imaging, and a thorough discussion of this subject is beyond the scope of this review. Interpreting the subtleties of normal and abnormal anatomy require years of experience and best left to expert radiologists. The goal here is to introduce the imaging techniques available and examples of clinical applications in airway evaluation of interest to the anesthesiologist.
This review contains 12 figures, 2 tables, and 37 references.
Keywords: piezoelectric effect, photoelectric interaction, Faraday’s law, pneumothorax, cervical spine injury, LeFort fracture, foreign body, airway infection, mediastinal mass
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Lal Geeta
Published: January 2021

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a rare thyroid malignancy with a nearly uniform poor prognosis. Most patients present with advanced disease, and optimal management requires rapid diagnosis, staging, and involvement of multidisciplinary teams. Treatment may include surgery in patients with resectable disease and adjuvant or neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Improved understanding of molecular pathogenesis has allowed the assessment of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and other targeted treatments in these patients.  The FDA recently approved the combination of dabrafenib (BRAF inhibitor) and trametinib (MEK inhibitor) for the treatment of BRAF V600E mutation positive, unresectable or metastatic ATC. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art concepts in the management of patients with ATC.

This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables, and 25 references.
Key words: anaplastic thyroid cancer, goals of care discussion, management, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy novel therapies, NCCN and ATA guidelines
Vulvar Cancer
Authors: Hicks-Courant Katherine , Roque Dario R.
Published: January 2021

Vulvar cancer is one of the least common gynecologic cancers. In 2018, vulvar cancer accounted for approximately 6,190 (0.4%) of new cancer diagnoses and approximately 1,200 (0.2%) of cancer deaths in the United States.1 The median age at diagnosis is 68.1 At time of diagnosis, 59% of patients have local disease, 30% have regional disease, and 6% present with metastatic disease.1 The incidence of vulvar cancer per 100,000 women is 1.8 in white women, 1.3 in black women, and 1.3 in Hispanic women.2 Vulvar cancer typically presents as a pruritic lesion, noted by the patient or a provider on exam. Ninety percent of vulvar cancers are of squamous cell histopathology,3 and have risk factors similar to cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Vulvar cancer is staged surgically. The mainstay of vulvar cancer treatment is surgery, however later stages may be treated with chemotherapy and/or radiation.
This review contains 2 figures, 2 tables, and 40 references.
Keywords: vulvar cancer, chemoradiation, sentinel lymph nodes, inguinal lymphadenectomy, chemotherapy, lymphedema
Grafting – Basic Principles and Surgical Applications, Part II
Authors: Henn Dominic , Chen Kellen , Barrera Janos A. , Padmanabhan Jagannath , Kwon Sun Hyung , Gurtner Geoffrey C.
Published: January 2021

Grafting of blood vessels and nerves are essential surgical techniques which are used to restore continuity in cases of acute or chronic vascular or nervous damage. Due to superior outcomes autologous grafts are generally preferred over allografts or alloplastic grafts. Bone, cartilage and tendons are physiologically subjected to various degrees of mechanical stress, which has been observed to play a critical role in graft survival and remodeling. Bone grafting is used to replace missing bone or to enhance new bone formation in the treatment of fractures, delayed or non-unions or in reconstructive surgery after trauma or tumor resection. Unlike bone, cartilage and tendons have a low capacity for self-renewal due their avascular nature and low cellularity which presents challenges to graft survival and healing rates.
This review contains 2 figures, and 68 references. 
Keywords: autograft, allograft, vascular grafting, nerve grafting, bone grafting, cartilage grafting, tendon grafting, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine
Role of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter Slc7a10 in Adipocyte Lipid Storage, Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Authors: Admin Ada , Jersin Regine Å. , Tallapragada Divya Sri Priyanka , Madsen André , Skartveit Linn , Fjære Even , McCann Adrian , Dyer Laurence , Willems Aron , Bjune Jan-Inge , Bjune Mona S. , Våge Villy , Nielsen Hans Jørgen , Thorsen Håvard Luong , Nedrebø Bjørn Gunnar , Busch Christian , Steen Vidar M. , Blüher Matthias , Jacobson Peter , Svensson Per-Arne , Fernø Johan , Rydén Mikael , Arner Peter , Nygård Ottar , Claussnitzer Melina , Ellingsen Ståle , Madsen Lise , Sagen Jørn V. , Mellgren Gunnar , Dankel Simon N.
Published: January 2021

Elucidation
of mechanisms that govern lipid storage, oxidative stress and insulin
resistance may lead to improved therapeutic options for type 2 diabetes and other
obesity-related diseases. Here, we find that adipose expression of the small neutral amino acid transporter
SLC7A10, also known as alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 1 (ASC-1), shows
strong inverse correlates with visceral adiposity, insulin resistance and
adipocyte hypertrophy across multiple cohorts. Concordantly, loss of Slc7a10
function in zebrafish in vivo accelerates diet-induced body weight gain
and adipocyte enlargement. Mechanistically, SLC7A10 inhibition in human and
murine adipocytes decreases adipocyte serine uptake and total glutathione
levels and promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Conversely,
SLC7A10 overexpression decreases ROS generation and increases mitochondrial
respiratory capacity. RNA-sequencing revealed consistent changes in gene
expression between human adipocytes and zebrafish visceral adipose tissue
following loss of SLC7A10, e.g., upregulation of SCD (lipid storage) and
downregulation of CPT1A (lipid oxidation). Interestingly, ROS scavenger
reduced lipid accumulation and attenuated the lipid-storing effect of SLC7A10
inhibition. These data uncover adipocyte SLC7A10 as a novel important regulator
of adipocyte resilience to nutrient and oxidative stress, in part by enhancing
glutathione levels and mitochondrial respiration, conducive to decreased ROS generation,
lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, insulin resistance and type 2
diabetes.
Case Report of Rare cause of Acute Hemolytic Anemia in Saudi Patient (Babesiosis)
Authors: Ismail Khadiga Ahmed
Published: January 2021

Babesiosis is one of the protozoan zoonotic diseases its presentation rang from asymptomatic to severe clinical conditions, with severe hemolysis. Immune status of the host and the species of the parasite has impact on the clinical presentations of the infected patient our patient is presented here; the patient was admitted from a countryside with severe anemia and a deterioration in his general condition, he was admitted to intense care unit and received blood transfusion, in addition to antimicrobial treatment in form of azithromycin and Ceftriaxon, his condition improve and released from ICU on the second day and discharge from hospital after improvement on the seventh day.
ANÁLISE DAS PERCEPÇÕES E DESEMPENHOS DISCENTES COM A UTILIZAÇÃO DO SOFTWARE R EM UMA DISCIPLINA DE GRADUAÇÃO DE NATUREZA MULTICURSO
Authors: Blass Leandro , Goergen Guilherme , Brasil Irala Valesca
Published: January 2021

A tomada de decisão em relação às mudanças necessárias no Ensino Superior perpassa necessariamente pela valorização do engajamento consultivo dos discentes. Nesse sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as percepções discentes no início e no final de um semestre letivo, em uma disciplina multicurso de Cálculo Numérico, ofertada em uma universidade pública no sul do Brasil e, também, observar os desempenhos discentes nesse contexto. Os dados foram gerados a partir de questionários aplicados no início e no final do semestre, além dos resultados do desempenho final dos estudantes. O desenho metodológico é misto, sendo qualitativo para compreensão dos dados contextuais e quantitativo para as inferências estatísticas analisadas no software R. Conclui-se que o desenvolvimento de instrumentos para qualificar o engajamento consultivo de discentes é uma tarefa complexa, porém necessária para o acompanhamento longitudinal e comparativo de mudanças educacionais implementadas no interior das diversas disciplinas ofertadas na instituição analisada.
O POTENCIAL DA EXPERIMENTAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS PARA A APRENDIZAGEM DA ATMOSFERA TERRESTRE
Authors: Sena Raposo Débora de , Soares Menezes Kelly , Barreto Dutra Leandro
Published: January 2021

O trabalho trata-se de uma experiência vivenciada durante a disciplina de estágio supervisionado do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade do Estado do Amazonas. A Sequência Didática aplicada aos alunos do 6º ano do ensino fundamental abordou o conteúdo da atmosfera terrestre e apoia-se metodologicamente na proposta feita por Zabala (1998). O objetivo consistiu em verificar o potencial da utilização de recursos didáticos e experimentações para aprendizagem das transformações, nas camadas atmosféricas, associadas aos ciclos dos materiais e ao fluxo de energia na Terra. O desenvolvimento se deu em quatro aulas regulares da disciplina de ciências, onde os recursos utilizados contribuíram de maneira significativa, sendo este fato demonstrado pela constante participação dos alunos através da oralidade contextualizando os assuntos. Pode-se perceber que os discentes têm dificuldades de se expressarem textualmente, o que é refletido através de avaliações formais, por vezes insatisfatórias.
AÇÕES DE UM LICENCIANDO EM QUÍMICA EM SITUAÇÃO DE MICROENSINO SEGUIDA DE AUTOSCOPIA
Authors: Carvalho Wilson , Lorena Stanzani Enio de , Meneghello Passos Marinez , Lorencini Júnior Álvaro
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa que procurou analisar a perspectiva de ensino e aprendizado do licenciando em Química e os efeitos da intervenção do professor formador nas ações do futuro professor em aulas simuladas. Para o levantamento dos dados, todas as atividades realizadas pelo licenciando, provenientes das regências em sala de aula, mediante situações de microensino seguidas de análise a posteriori, foram gravadas, sendo o procedimento denominado de autoscopia. Organizamos as transcrições das aulas e as interpretamos, segundo os procedimentos da Análise Textual Discursiva, assumindo, para a identificação das ações, um conjunto de categorias a priori e um conjunto de subcategorias emergentes. Esse movimento permitiu identificarmos alterações nas ações, observando variações da quantidade de ações relacionadas a cada uma das subcategorias, o que nos leva a defender a relevância da realização dos procedimentos de autoscopia e microensino como possibilidade de alterações/mudanças na perspectiva de ensino e nas ações do licenciando.
COMPREENSÕES SOBRE A ATIVIDADE DE ENSINO NA EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR
Authors: Wyzykowski Tamini , Keske Cátia , Rigodanzo Sirlei , Maria Nehring Cátia , Pansera-de-Araújo Maria Cristina
Published: January 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo compreender e discutir a atividade de ensino desenvolvida por professores no contexto da Educação Superior e suas implicações na significação de conhecimentos e para a constituição humana e profissional. Esta investigação é de natureza qualitativa e foi realizada a partir da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD), em respostas atribuídas a um questionário semiestruturado respondido por 69 professores que atuavam na Educação Superior em 2019. A pesquisa enfatiza, a partir do referencial teórico, o ensino como a principal atividade do professor na Educação Superior. Os resultados produzidos apontam o protagonismo do aluno no processo de significação de conhecimentos. O trabalho destaca a importância de pensar-se a respeito da necessidade de transformações ou novas formas de prática profissional da docência nesse nível de ensino no contexto educacional brasileiro, com novas metodologias ou, até mesmo, com a reelaboração de currículos.
Penerapan Hukum Progresif dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Agraria
Authors: Utomo Setiyo
Published: January 2021

This article aims  to analyse ongoing agrarian conflicts by providing recommendations in a progressive legal paradigm approach so that people's rights can be protected. This study uses a normative juridical approach by conducting several comparative analyses of the case approach and the comparative approach of various unresolved agrarian disputes. The main finding of this research is the explosion of increasingly widespread agrarian conflicts until unresolved agrarian conflicts. Settlement of agrarian conflict disputes can be resolved if the law works as its purposes. Hence, the main point of understanding the resolution of agrarian conflicts is people awareness toward access or land ownership of as the fundamental right of every human being, which the State must fulfil according to the mandate of the constitution. The application of progressive law is expected to help resolving agrarian conflicts that prioritize human rights by considering environmental aspects to improve the people welfare through land ownership.
Akibat Hukum Surat Pertanggungjawaban Laporan Tahunan Yang Tidak Ditandatangani Oleh Seluruh Dewan Komisaris
Authors: Dari Atika Wulan , Azheri Busyra , Mannas Yussy Adelina
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze how the legal consequences of the annual report accountability letter were not signed by the entire Board of Commissioners of a limited liability company by looking at the case of PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk which occurred in 2019. Where in that case there was a rejection by 2 (two) Commissioners from PT. Garuda Indonesia Tbk to sign the annual report at the General Meeting of Shareholders. The nature of this research uses normative research, namely by reviewing laws and regulations, as well as company case reports. Based on this case, the function of company organs in charge of supervising a company is not going well. The case shows that this organ does not carry out its supervisory function in accordance with Article 108 of the Limited Liability Company Law. The legal consequence in this case is the imposition of fines on the organ of the company that signs the annual report. This is a consequence of the collegiality of the responsibility of the Board of Commissioners in a limited liability company.
The Mother in Myth: Narratives of Trauma in Collective Memory
Authors: Tripathi Sharma Dr. Shreeja
Published: January 2021

The archetypal image of the Mother in myth is a metaphor of the collective expression of the unconscious. The Lacanian separation from the Mother posits a dialectical trauma of the infantile collective memory articulated in myths.The Indian myths contain narratives of the maternal archaic imago, distinct from the narratives of the West. The distinction in these narratives with respect to obedience towards the father figure of authority while they seek union with the mother, marks a point of departure from the occidental narratives.This research paper segments  these narratives through the attributes of ‘mother-son association’ and ‘mother-daughter association’ and juxtaposes them with parallel narratives of the West with the aim of interweaving the contradictory images to harness complementary aspects of a unified totality.
Implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship program in a veterinary medical teaching institution
Authors: Feyes Emily E. , Diaz-Campos Dubraska , Mollenkopf Dixie F. , Horne Rikki L. , Soltys Rachel C. , Ballash Greg A. , Shelby Jessica A. , Reed Erica E. , Stevenson Kurt B. , Daniels Joshua B. , Stull Jason W. , Wittum Thomas E.
Published: January 2021

Widespread use of antimicrobials in human and veterinary medicine drives the emergence and dissemination of resistant bacteria in human, animal, and environmental reservoirs. The AVMA and FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine have both taken public positions emphasizing the importance of incorporating antimicrobial stewardship in veterinary clinical settings; however, a model for implementing a comprehensive antimicrobial stewardship program in veterinary practice is not readily available.

In 2015, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine began developing a veterinary antimicrobial stewardship program modeled on existing programs in human health-care institutions and the 7 core elements of a successful hospital antimicrobial stewardship program, as defined by the CDC. The program includes comprehensive antimicrobial use guidelines, active environmental surveillance, and enhanced infection control procedures in The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center, along with routine monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial prescribing practices and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of common pathogens isolated from patients and the hospital environment. Finally, programs have been developed to educate clinicians, staff, and students on antimicrobial resistance and appropriate antimicrobial prescribing practices.

The antimicrobial stewardship program has been designed to help clinicians and students confidently make judicious antimicrobial use decisions and provide them with actionable steps that can help them act as strong stewards while providing the best care for their patients. This report describes our program and the process involved in developing it, with the intent that the program could serve as a potential model for other veterinary medical institutions.
PERILAKU GESER BALOK BETON BERTULANG MUTU TINGGI DENGAN VARIASI FLY ASH BATU BARA, PASIR POZZOLAN DAN BONGKAHAN CANGKANG SAWIT
Authors: Fatmawati Cut , Aulia Teuku Budi , Muttaqin Muttaqin
Published: January 2021

The utilization of high strength concrete particularly on construction is an option in structural elements. High Strength Concrete (BMT) is a compressive strength exceeding 6000 psi or 41 MPa. High quality concrete can be obtained by mixing superplasticizers (high range water reducers) and cementitious mineral additives in the form of fly ash, pozzofume (super fly ash), and microscopy (silicafume). In this study, it will used the substitution of cement material using coal fly ash, fly ash pozzolan sand and palm shell ash fly ash, fine aggregates using pozzolan sand, coarse aggregates palm shell. The aim of this study is to compare the shear behavior of normal high quality reinforced concrete beams and beams with the addition of material substitution. The high quality reinforced concrete beam specimens were designed to experience shear failure by strengthening the bending area. Reinforced concrete beam specimens of beam size 150 mm x 300 mm x 2200 mm with shear reinforcement diameter 6 mm (fy) 423.46 MPa, compressive reinforcement 16 mm (fy) 412.39 MPa and tensile reinforcement 19 mm (fy) 462, 24 MPa. The beam specimen is pure flexural tensile strength with a size of 150 mm x 150 mm x 600 mm and a cylindrical specimen with a diameter of 150 mm x 300 mm in height. The magnitude of the flexural tensile strength for BMT-N with f cc = 44.4 MPa is 4.5, and for BMT-FBPP with f cc = 51.04 MPa which is 5.35 with FAS 0.3. The results of the two beams experienced shear failure, with a comparison of laboratory and theoretical shear capacity of 2,292 BMT-N with a maximum load of 27,200 MPa, BMT-FBPP 1,720 with a maximum load of 21,410 MPa. The values of deflection and ductility tend to decrease in BMT-FBPP beams which are equal to 19.780% and 6%.
PENGARUH KRIB TERHADAP KECEPATAN ALIRAN PADA SUNGAI KRUENG ACEH
Authors: Rezeki Sari , Fatimah Eldina , Masimin Masimin
Published: January 2021

Krueng Aceh River is one of the rivers that has a large discharge crossing two administrative regions, namely Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar District. One of the problems in Krueng Aceh river, precisely around the area of Pango fly over towards the downstream area is the high flow speed distribution at the turn of the river. The impact of the bridge pillar on the river turn results in changes in the cross section of the river endangering the public facilities in front of it. Based on this analysis, it is necessary to control and secure the river, namely by placing the Groyne. The purpose of this study is to obtain a speed distribution that occurs from placing Groyne construction. The methodology used in this study with hydrodynamic numerical modeling approach is by using the Surface Water Modeling System program (SMS 11.2). Calibrating with the parameter n = 0.025 has obtained an absolute error value of 0.039 in cross 1 and 0.051 in cross 2. Based on the analysis of 20 scenarios with 7 m and 9 m distance variations, 5-unit and 3-unit Groyne variations, and the variations in perpendicular angle and 10°, 30° (degrees) towards the downstream and the upstream area, as well as the flow speed with the same number of Groyne and distance variations, the result shows that (V7 m V9 m à 5 unit) and (V7 m V9 m à 3 unit). The simulation results show that the more the number of Groyne there are, the more negative the impact on the downstream area becomes, the more narrow the Groyne, the higher the flow speed value increases. From the 20 scenarios, we obtained a Groyne scenario that is in accordance with the field conditions, namely the Groyne scenario with a distance of 7 m, 3-unit cribs, and a Groyne placement angle of 30° towards upstream area (GUb3L7). The result of the velocity distribution observation shows that the scenario of GUb3L7 Existing (without pillars)
Fibrinolysis With TPA Alone Is Only One Third As Effective As It Should Be
Authors:   Vascular Research Laboratory, Mount Auburn Hospita, Gurewich Victor
Published: January 2021

Therapeutic fibrinolysis has used tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) alone since 1987,when tPA was first approved for the treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). The use of Tpa was based on the belief that it was responsible for fibrinolysis. However, this assumption should have been put into question from the outset when tPA was found to have the same efficacy as Streptokinase (SK). This was unexpected, since SK has an indirect, less efficient mechanism of action and SK has no fibrin clot affinity, in contrast to tPA. Nevertheless, the 30-day AMI mortality with tPA and SK were identical in the first two trials.
Influência de substratos sobre propagação de cambará por meio de estacas
Authors: Andrade Júnior Manoel Ricardo de , Rêgo Mailson Monteiro do , Pessoa Angela Maria dos Santos , Silva Bruna Regina dos Santos , Silva Priscila Duarte , Rêgo Elizanilda Ramalho do
Published: January 2021

O cambará (Lantana camara L.) pode ser propagado tanto por sementes como por estaquia. Na estaquia um dos principais fatores que afetam o enraizamento é o tipo de substrato. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de diferentes substratos sobre propagação de cambará por meio de estacas. Para tanto foram utilizados os seguintes substratos: areia lavada (T1); Plantmax® (T2); vermiculita (T3); pó de coco (T4) e solo (T5). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Quando comparou-se as médias verificou-se que a areia lavada e a vermiculita proporcionaram resultados superiores para todas as variáveis analisadas, tendo a areia lavada obtido médias superiores aos demais tratamentos. Para a produção de mudas de cambará recomenda-se o uso de areia lavada e vermiculita como substrato alternativo.
Relações dimensionais em árvores de Olea europaea
Authors: Silva Jéssica Maus da , Costa Ervandil Corrêa , Costa Emanuel Arnoni , Pedron Leandra , Machado Dayanna do Nascimento , Saldanha Mateus Alves , Galvan Camila Fonseca
Published: January 2021

A oliveira é conhecida pela sua produção de azeite e azeitonas de mesa, nativa do Mediterrâneo a espécie propagou-se por todo o mundo. No Brasil, os estados de Minas Gerais e Rio Grande do Sul são os maiores produtores, porém a área cultivada ainda é insuficiente para atingir o consumo do país. A fim de reduzir os custos com importação é fundamental desenvolver pesquisas que auxiliem no estabelecimento da cultura no país. Desta forma, o presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar e modelar relações dimensionais de oliveira em Formigueiro, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram mensuradas variáveis dendrométricas e de dimensão de copa, sendo essas avaliadas por meio de estatística descritiva, análise de correlação de Pearson e ajuste de modelos de regressão. Os resultados indicaram correlação significativa entre as variáveis: diâmetro de bifurcação, altura de bifurcação, altura total, diâmetro de copa, proporção de copa, relação altura/diâmetro, número de galhos e número de ramificações com o diâmetro medido a 0,3 metros do nível do solo. As equações de regressão para as variáveis de diâmetro de bifurcação, altura total, diâmetro de copa, proporção de copa, relação altura/diâmetro apresentaram bom ajuste e precisão. A modelagem de regressão das características dimensionais de oliveira contribuem com as atividades silviculturais a serem conduzidas nos pomares.
Atributos de solo irrigado com água subterrânea cultivado com mangueiras ‘Palmer’ no Norte Mineiro
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Soares , Mota Mauro Franco Castro , Oliveira Moacir Brito , Santos Silvânio Rodrigues dos , Kondo Marcos Koiti , Castro Igor Nogueira de
Published: January 2021

A irrigação contínua, principalmente no semiárido pode enriquecer o solo com sais prejudiciais à sua fertilidade, inviabilizando o cultivo de fruteiras devido ao desequilíbrio químico e alteração da disponibilidade de nutrientes. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar os atributos químicos e físico-químicos de um Latossolo Vermelho eutrófico quanto à fertilidade e salinidade, sob mangicultura irrigada com água de aquífero confinado no Norte de Minas Gerais. A amostragem de solo foi realizada nas camadas de 0-0,2; 0,2-0,4; 0,4-0,6 e 0,6-0,8 m de profundidade, em seis estabelecimentos rurais, contendo duas condições em cada um: a) mata nativa e b) centro da área irrigada por microaspersão, onde foram determinados o pH em água,  Ca, Mg, K, Na, Al, H+Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, B e Zn. Também, na água de irrigação de cada estabelecimento, foram avaliados o pH, condutividade elétrica, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl- e a RAS. A irrigação com água de aquífero carbonático aumenta os teores de cálcio, eleva o pH e diminui a disponibilidade do  manganês,  aumenta a relação Ca/Mg e Ca/K no solo cultivado com mangueira 'Palmer'.
Caracterização e seleção de rizóbios nativos de solos paraibanos associados à Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.
Authors: Souza Jardel da Silva , Martins Adriana Ferreira
Published: January 2021

O feijão-caupi Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. é incluída entre as principais culturas de subsistência e com mais importância no sertão nordestino. Contudo, os cultivos praticados no estado são de baixo nível tecnológico, necessitando assim aplicações de insumos minerais industrializados, o que contribui para o encarecimento na produção. Com isso a utilização de insumos biológicos que possa substituir os químicos industrializados tem sido cada vez mais frequente na agricultura. O feijão caupi é capaz de estabelecer simbiose e nodular com diversas espécies de bactérias do grupo rizóbio, com essa baixa especificidade da cultura em relação ao microssimbionte apresenta-se como um fator limitante à exploração desta tecnologia. Por esta razão, é importante estudar estratégias que possa avaliar a composição e a contribuição de estirpes de rizóbios nativos do solo onde se pretende introduzir o inoculante. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se selecionar isolados de rizóbios nativos de solos agrícolas do município de Areia (PB), para plantas de feijão-caupi, como também caracterizar e avaliar os isolados de rizóbios obtidos, tendo como comparação a estirpe recomendada 03-84-6/2010 UFLA. Os experimentos com plantas foram conduzidos em ambiente semi protegido do DSER. De acordo com os resultados obtidos após os 40 dias, pode-se constatar que todos os tratamentos estavam com nódulos, com exceção da segunda repetição do tratamento sem nitrogênio. E foram obtidos oito grupos distintos de rizóbios nativos. Conclui-se que os solos da zona úmida da Caatinga, em Areia (PB), possuem bactérias nitrificantes nativas capazes de nodular e fixar nitrogênio.
Bactérias promotoras de crescimento em plantas aliada a adubação nitrogenada na produção de milho doce
Authors: Rodrigues Jamille de Lima , Massena Ewerton Cavalcante , Santos Neto Antônio Lucrécio dos , Souza Ademária Aparecida de , Silva Ricardo Barros , Martins Gleica Maria Correia
Published: January 2021

O cultivo do milho doce apresenta alta demanda de nitrogênio, e por ser uma cultura com grande potencial de expansão, são necessários estudos que demonstrem manejos eficientes da adubação nitrogenada para aumento de produtividade, como o uso de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas capazes fixar nitrogênio atmosférico, desonerando o processo produtivo. Nesse trabalho objetivou-se avaliar a influência da bactérias promotoras de crescimento em plantas (BPCP) nativas do Sertão de Alagoas aliadas a adubação nitrogenada sob componentes de produção do milho doce. O delineamento estatístico utilizado foi em blocos casualizados, e os tratamentos foram BPCP e combinado com nitrogênio (N). A solução para inoculação foi constituída por bactérias pertencentes aos gêneros Pseudomonas (SHS2, SHS3, SHS9), Bacillus (AD47) e Enterobacter (AD3). Assim, obteve-se os tratamentos: T1 = 50% de N + SHS2, T2 = 50% de N + SHS3, T3 = 50% de N + SHS9, T4 = 50% de N + AD47, T5 = 50% de N + AD3, T6 = testemunha, T7 = 100% de N, T8 = 50% de N. A fonte de N utilizada foi ureia. Os componentes de produção avaliados foram: altura de planta, diâmetro do colmo, altura da inserção da espiga, índice de luminosidade, peso, diâmetro, comprimento com e sem palha, degrana da espiga, número de fileira de grãos na espiga, número de grãos por fileira, produtividade com palha, peso de palha, perda por degrana, peso de grãos por espiga e produtividade de grãos. De maneira geral, a adubação nitrogenada com 50% da dose recomendada em associação com BPCP mostrou-se viável, proporcionando produtividade igual estatisticamente a dose com 100% de N mineral ureia. Todos os tratamentos com nitrogênio em cobertura superaram a testemunha.
THE IMAGE OF A WOMAN IN LINGUISTIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE YENISEI SIBERIA INHABITANTS
Authors:   KSPU named after V.P. Astafiev, Mamaeva T.V.
Published: January 2021

Statement of the problem. The article examines the image of a woman in linguistic consciousness of the Yenisei Siberia inhabitants, identifies specific features of the regional linguistic consciousness. The study was based on data from the Associative dictionary of the Yenisei Siberia (from stimulus to reaction). Such analysis allows us to identify the main features of the studied image in the linguistic consciousness of Siberians, which is the object of our research. The purpose of this study is to identify the psycholinguistic perception of a woman by residents of the Yenisei Siberia. Research methods. To identify the value meanings of the image-concept “woman”, we conduct research by analyzing the associations presented in the dictionary from stimulus to reaction, which allows us to show general ideas about a woman as a cultural stereotype. Research results. As a result of the analysis, we came to the following conclusion: the image of a woman in the regional Siberian consciousness is associated with mother, beauty, fatal attraction, independent character, grace, and love. The main role of a woman, according to the representatives of the Krasnoyarsk territory, is to be a mother, mom, wife, beloved woman, grandmother, woman, who shows both female and male qualities in appropriate situations.
NOVE KONCEPCIJE DRŽAVNE SUVERENOSTI I ORGANIZACIJE VLASTI U SRPANJSKIM USTAVNIM AMANDMANIMA IZ 1990. - UZ TRIDESETU GODIŠNJICU USTAVA RH
Authors: Barić Sanja , Vukas Budislav
Published: January 2021

In the year marking three decades since the adoption of the Christmas Constitution, the importance of constitutional amendments promulgated by the Croatian Parliament at the end of July 1990, which together with the February Constitution from the time of the still existing Socialist Parliament form the basic preconditions for initial democratization of the Croatian constitutional system. From a legal-historical and constitutional point of view, the authors consider this issue important for the modern Croatian state. Traditional Croatian historiography analyzes these amendments exclusively in their substantive sense of regulating the new state coat of arms, the flag and abolishing the socialist attributes. Although the amendments are normatively not numerous, their meaning is much broader. At the heart of this analysis lie the issues of a new understanding of state sovereignty and reform interventions in state organization. The authors analyze the relevant provisions through the original records of parliamentary debates. They first point to the basic trends of constitutional changes comprised in the July amendments, referring primarily to the identity level, and then they point to the strengthening of state sovereignty and changes in the direction of developing the features of modern parliamentary democracies. The planned reorganization of the executive -administrative power is especially considered here. At the end, the feed back of the July constitutional amendments and the beginning of work on the new Constitution of the Republic of Croatia are presented.
Excitonic Structure and Charge Separation in the Heliobacterial Reaction Center Probed by Multispectral Multidimensional Spectroscopy
Authors: Song Yin , Sechrist Riley , Nguyen Hoang Huy , Johnson William , Abramavičius Darius , Redding Kevin , Ogilvie Jennifer P.
Published: January 2021

Photochemical reaction centers are the engines that drive photosynthesis. The reaction center from heliobacteria (HbRC) has been proposed to most closely resemble the common ancestor of photosynthetic reaction centers, motivating a detailed understanding of its structure-function relationship. The recent elucidation of the HbRC crystal structure motivates advanced spectroscopic studies of its excitonic structure and charge separation mechanism. We perform multispectral two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of the HbRC and corresponding numerical simulations, resolving the electronic structure and testing and refining recent excitonic models. Through extensive examination of the kinetic data by lifetime density analysis and global target analysis, we reveal that charge separation proceeds via a single pathway in which the distinct A0 chlorophyll a pigment is the primary electron acceptor. In addition, we find strong delocalization of the initial excited state and charge separation intermediate. Our findings have general implications for the understanding of photosynthetic charge separation mechanisms, and how they might be tuned to achieve different functional goals.
The CHAL336 Benchmark Set: How Well Do Quantum-Chemical Methods Describe Chalcogen-Bonding Interactions?
Authors: Mehta Nisha , Fellowes Thomas , WHITE JONATHAN , Goerigk Lars
Published: January 2021

We present the CHAL336 benchmark set—the most comprehensive database for the assessment of chalcogen-bonding (CB) interactions. After careful selection of suitable systems and identification of three high-level reference methods, the set comprises 336 dimers each consisting of up to 49 atoms and covers both σ- and π-hole interactions across four categories: chalcogen-chalcogen, chalcogen-π, chalcogen-halogen, and chalcogen-nitrogen interactions. In a subsequent study of DFT methods, we re- emphasize the need for using proper London-dispersion corrections when treating noncovalent interactions. We also point out that the deterioration of results and systematic overestimation of interaction energies for some dispersion-corrected DFT methods does not hint at problems with the chosen dispersion correction, but is a consequence of large density-driven errors. We conclude this work by performing the most detailed DFT benchmark study for CB interactions to date. We assess 98 variations of dispersion- corrected and -uncorrected DFT methods, and carry out a detailed analysis of 72 of them. Double-hybrid functionals are the most reliable approaches for CB interactions, and they should be used whenever computationally feasible. The best three double hybrids are SOS0-PBE0-2-D3(BJ), revDSD-PBEP86-D3(BJ), and B2NCPLYP-D3(BJ). The best hybrids in this study are ωB97M-V, PW6B95-D3(0), and PW6B95-D3(BJ). We do not recommend using any lower-rung DFT methods nor the popular B3LYP and MP2 approaches, which have been used to describe CB interactions in the past. We hope to inspire a change in computational protocols surrounding CB interactions that leads away from the commonly used, popular methods to the more robust and accurate ones recommended herein. We would also like to encourage method developers to use our set for the investigation and reduction of density-driven errors in new density functional approximations.
Hydrogen Evolution by Polymer Photocatalysts; a Possible Photocatalytic Cycle
Authors: Prentice Andrew , Zwijnenburg Martijn
Published: January 2021

We propose, supported by ab-initio calculations, a possible photocatalytic cycle for hydrogen evolution by a prototypical polymer photocatalyst, poly(p-phenylene), in the presence of a sacrificial electron donor. As part of that cycle we also introduce a family of related sites on the polymer that in the absence of a noble metal co-catalyst can facilitate the evolution of molecular hydrogen when the polymer is illuminated. The bottlenecks for hydrogen evolution, electron transfer from the sacrificial electron donor and hydrogen-hydrogen bond formation, are discussed, as well as how they could potentially be improved by tuning the polymer properties and how they change in the presence of a noble-metal co-catalyst.
Isolation and Identification of Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria from various sources and Antimicrobial Activity of Terminalia chebula Retz against isolated Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Tamalika Chakraborty  , Kanchan Chettri  , Sumana Chatterjee  , Lopamudra Datta  , Abhijit Sengupta
Published: January 2021

Drug resistance is a threat to civilization, which results from over-prescription and irrational use of antibiotics. This has led to an increased demand for novel leads of herbal origin to overcome drug resistance. The present work involves the screening of various antibiotics against isolated Staphylococcus sp. from Hospital Effluent and the Minimum Inhibitory concentration for antibiotics namely Vancomycin, Erythromycin and Oxacillin were found to be 7.33+0.6 µg/ml 25.33+0.6 µg/ml and 27.33+0.6 µg/ml respectively whereas Minimum bactericidal concentration of Vancomycin, Erythromycin and oxacillin was found to be 180µg/ml; 146.67 + 0.3 µg/ml and 96.66 + 0.6 µg/ml respectively. Thus, the isolated bacteria were proved to be Multi-Drug Resistant. Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz) is given potential importance in Ayurveda for its properties to cure and prevent diseases. Terminalia chebula Retz is often known as “King of Medicines” and enlisted in Ayurveda for its extraordinary therapeutic contribution. The proved Multi-Drug Resistant bacteria was further subjected to a crude extract of Haritaki. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration for Terminalia chebula was found to be 1.33 +0.3 mg/ml and thus proved to be exhibiting potential anti-bacterial activity against isolated Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus sp.
Identification of biofilm-producing microorganism’s and drug susceptibility pattern from diabetic foot ulcer patients at Puducherry
Authors: Jayarani Manikandan  , Jaikumar S  , Sandhya Rani T
Published: January 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a significant health problem worldwide that affects approximately 171 million people; severe complications lead to the development of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetic ulcer infections are mainly polymicrobial in nature and multidrug-resistant (MDR), which is capable of forming a biofilm, which is the important virulence factor results in treatment failure. The main objectives of this study to investigate the etiologic agents of diabetic foot infections, their antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation. A total of 200 patient samples were taken from diabetic foot ulcer patients between September 2015 and February 2016. Isolation and identification of microorganism were made according to standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic Susceptibility testing performed by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and the biofilm production was performed by the tube method and Congo Red Method. Out of 200 samples processed,  110 (55%) were polymicrobial, 50 (25%) monomicrobial and 40(20 %)culture Sterile. The most common organism isolated were 82(39%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa,45(21%) Staphylococcus aureus, 48(23%) Candida sp followed by others. Biofilm production was seen in 112 (53%) of the isolates. Antimicrobial drug  resistance was higher among 92(82%) biofilm producers than non-biofilm 20(18%) producing microorganisms. Organisms isolated from chronic diabetic foot ulcers cases were multidrug-resistant and biofilm producers. Our study shows the importance of biofilm screening with the usual antibiogram, as a routine technique in diabetic foot ulcers patients for effective treatment.
Assessment of knowledge regarding environmental risk factors that are influencing the risk of Autism among Antenatal Mothers
Authors: Mary Minolin T  , Gayathri Devi S
Published: January 2021

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) alludes to a scope of conditions portrayed by some level of debilitated social conduct, communication and language and a tight scope of interests and exercises that are both special to the individual and completed repetitively. ASDs starts in youth and will, in general, persevere into pre-adulthood and adulthood. As a rule, the conditions are apparent during the initial five years of life. People with ASD regularly present other co-happening conditions including epilepsy, depression, anxiety and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study aims to assess the knowledge of environmental risk factors that influence the risk of autism among antenatal mothers. A descriptive survey design was adopted with 100 samples using a convenient sampling technique. The significant findings of samples are 26% had inadequate knowledge, 64% had moderate knowledge, and 10% had adequate knowledge. The demographic variable of maternal age, education and place of residents are statistically significantly associated with the level of knowledge at p<0.001 level. The study findings revealed that antenatal mothers had moderately adequate knowledge regarding awareness on environmental risk factors that are influencing the risk of autism. So the antenatal mothers should be aware of environmental risk factors of autism. Early identification and treatment of these risk factors during gestation may play a role in reducing ASD risk factors.
Two Levels of Negative Pressure in Open Endotracheal Tube Suctioning on Physiological Indices
Authors: Sheeba Rajakumari S  , Thenmozhi P  , Kala Barathi S
Published: January 2021

Endotracheal tube suctioning is a vital component of bronchial hygiene therapy by applying negative pressure to facilitate the removal of pulmonary secretions resulting in promotion of gas exchange. Hence the study was conducted to compare the effect of two different levels of 120mmHg and 200mmHg of negative pressure in open endotracheal tube suctioning on physiological indices. Pre-experimental research design was adopted to conduct the study with 60 samples and were allocated into experimental group I (n=30) and experimental group II (n=30). Pre-test assessment was done by assessing Oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate and mean arterial pressure for both the groups. Open endotracheal tube suctioning was done by applying negative pressure of 120 mmHg to experimental group I and 200 mmHg to experimental group II. Post-test was done immediately, 5 minutes, and 20 minutes after suctioning for both experimental groups. The results of the study reveal the significant changes in both the group however highly significant changes observed in oxygen saturation (p<0.001), respiratory rate (p<0.001), and heart rate (p<0.001) in high level negative pressure. The findings of the study concluded that 200 mmHg negative pressure is safe and can be recommended for open endotracheal tube suctioning for effective oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate.
Study and Analysis of Complications Connected with Implant Placement
Authors: Venkateswara Rao J  , Aditya Krishna M  , Allen Tilak J T  , Parthasarathy M P
Published: January 2021

Implant dentistry has grown to be one of the topmost earning disciplines of dentistry, and hence there is a migration of practitioners towards it. Since the last few years, here is a sudden growth in the number of dental inserts placed per year. And hence many complications that are associated with implant dentistry are on the rise. This article concentrates on some of the complications that are associated with implant placement during the operative procedure and immediate postoperative time period. Delayed complications as failure to osseointegrate and Peri Implantitis is are not discussed in this article. A proper informed consent needs to be documented. It is absolutely necessary to include complications like bleeding, swelling, post-operative infection, facial discoloration, paraesthesia, hypersensitivity, loose teeth, trismus and pain. And major complications can be defined as a complication that may need additional treatments and can cause irreversible damages. Treatment of sinusitis incorporates foundational treatment with anti-toxins, chlorhexidine mouthwashes, water systems with saline through the nasal opening, and the utilization of nasal decongestants. In the event that the disease exacerbates or an ousted embed is in the sinus, revolutionary correction medical procedure of the maxillary sinus will be required and the antral mucosa totally eliminated.