bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase 2 study of TRK-950 in combination with ramucirumab and paclitaxel as second-line therapy in patients with CAPRIN-1 positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Kelly Ronan Joseph , Rha Sun Young , Lee Jeeyun , Okano Fumiyoshi , Shitara Kohei
Published: January 2024

TPS420

Background: CAPRIN-1 is strongly expressed on the cell membrane of many cancer types including G/GEJ and on cancer stem cells. High expression is associated with enhanced in vitro colony-forming activity and in vivo tumorigenicity. TRK-950 is a first in class humanized antibody targeting CAPRIN-1.1 In the phase I study (NCT02990481), TRK-950 was well tolerated as monotherapy with no DLTs and MTD not reached at doses of 3-30mg/kg IV weekly. Subsequently the Phase 1b demonstrated that TRK-950 was well tolerated with a high potential for synergistic anti-tumor activity when used in combination with standard of care treatment(s) in selected advanced solid tumors (NCT03872947). Specifically, Regimen D which evaluated TRK-950 in combination with Ramucirumab and Paclitaxel in G/GEJ showed a DCR of 100% in all nine patients receiving 10 mg/kg and partial responses were seen in 5/9 (55%) patients. CAPRIN-1 strong expression was observed in 4/9 patients and an ORR of 100% was seen in those patients.2 A Phase II clinical trial in gastric/GEJ cancer patients with strong CAPRIN-1 is now enrolling patients. Methods: The phase II study is a multi-national, open-label, randomized, multicenter study evaluating the efficacy of TRK-950 in combination with ramucirumab (Ram) + paclitaxel (PTX) as compared with Ram + PTX treatment alone in patients with previously treated metastatic G/GEJ adenocarcinoma (NCT06038578). Patients enrolled across 10 sites in Japan, South Korea and the United States are randomized 1:1:1 by the permuted block method to (arm A) TRK-950 5mg/kg plus Ram + PTX, (arm B) TRK-950 10mg/kg plus Ram + PTX or (arm C) Ram + PTX alone. Inclusion criteria include patients with CAPRIN-1 positive (cutoff; 30% at ≥ 2+ staining) advanced/metastatic G/GEJ adenocarcinoma who have received first line therapy. Key exclusion criteria include HER2 positive disease. The primary endpoint is progression free survival (PFS) based on Independent Central Review (ICR) assessment per RECIST v1.1. Key secondary and exploratory endpoints include overall survival (OS), ORR, DoR, and biomarker evaluation. An interim analysis will be performed after 105 patients are randomized in stage 1 to determine the optimal dose of TRK-950 (5mg/kg or 10mg/kg) that will be evaluated in stage 2. In total 146 patients will be enrolled (40 patients in one arm and 53 patients in the other two arms). This study opened in September 2023. 1. Okano F, et al. Cancer Res Commun. 2023 Apr 18;3(4):640-658. 2. Cassier P, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2023 Vol. 41, No. 4, suppl. Clinical trial information: NCT06038578 .
A phase II trial of CapeOX plus nivolumab for early relapsed HER2-negative gastric cancer (JACCRO GC-11: FirSTAR trial).
Authors: Arai Hiroyuki , Inoue Eisuke , Terashima Masanori , Baba Eishi , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Muro Kei , Yamaguchi Toshifumi , Yuki Satoshi , Ichikawa Wataru , Fujii Masashi , Sunakawa Yu
Published: January 2024

TPS423

Background: Fluoropyrimidine-based post-operative chemotherapy is one of the standard adjuvant therapies for curatively resected gastric cancer (GC).1,2 The current standard first-line chemotherapy consists of fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin combined with nivolumab in advanced HER2-negative GC patients including cases with a recurrence > 6 months after completion of post-operative chemotherapy, based on the CheckMate 649 and ATTRACTION-4 trials. However, in GC patients with early recurrence during or ≤ 6 months after completion of post-operative 5-FU based chemotherapy, optimal treatments remain to be established. A previous phase II study showed that capecitabine plus cisplatin is an active regimen for early relapsed GC after post-operative S-1 monotherapy.3 This trial aims to investigate the efficacy of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CapeOX) plus nivolumab for patients with early relapsed HER2-negative GC. Methods: This is a multicenter single-arm phase II trial. The main eligibility criteria include: histologically confirmed HER2-negative adenocarcinoma of stomach or esophagogastric junction; radiologically diagnosed recurrence during or ≤ 6 months after post-operative chemotherapy with S-1 or S-1 plus docetaxel conducted for stage II/III GC after curative resection; age ≥ 18 years; ECOG performance status 0-1; having measurable lesions according to RECIST ver. 1.1; and adequate oral intake and organ functions. Enrolled patients will receive 21-day cycles of nivolumab with CapeOX at the following dose until disease progression or unacceptable toxicities: capecitabine, 1000 mg/m2 twice per day on day 1-14; oxaliplatin, 130 mg/m2 on day 1; and nivolumab, 360 mg on day 1. The primary endpoint is objective response rate (ORR), and the secondary endpoints include overall survival, progression-free survival, disease control rate, duration of response, and safety. PD-L1 combined positive score will be tested for the association with efficacy. We assume null ORR of 20% and alternative ORR of 32%. With two-sided alpha level of 10% and 80% power, sample size would be calculated as 85. Thus, a total of 92 patients are planned for enrollment within a 2.5-year accrual period. Enrollment opened in March 2023. Clinical trial information: jRCTs031220572. 1. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1810-20. 2. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37:1296-1304. 3. Gastric Cancer. 2018;21:811-8. Clinical trial information: jRCTs031220572 .
A randomized phase II/III study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of disitamab vedotin (DV) plus toripalimab and chemotherapy/trastuzumab as first-line treatment for HER2-expressed, locally advanced, or metastatic gastric cancer.
Authors: Shen Lin , Ding Guoliang , Feng Dan , Fang Jianmin
Published: January 2024

TPS427

Background: For HER2-positive (IHC 2+/FISH-, IHC 3+) advanced gastric cancer/gastroesophageal junction cancer (GC/GEJ), trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy is the standard first-line treatment. Adding pembrolizumab to trastuzumab and chemotherapy significantly improves objective response rate. However, the overall survival results did not meet statistical significance. DV, a novel humanized anti-HER2 antibody conjugated with monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a cleavable linker. We aimed to evaluate DV combined with toripalimab and chemotherapy/ trastuzumab as first-line treatment for HER2-expressed (IHC 1+, 2+ or 3+) locally advanced or metastatic GC/GEJ. Methods: This is a randomized, seamless phase II/III trial. Key eligibility criteria include participants confirmed GC/GEJ and systemic treatment naïve. In phase II period, participants will be divided into two cohorts. Ninety participants with HER2-positive (IHC2+ FISH+ or IHC3+) will be randomly (1:1:1) assigned to receive DV every 2 weeks (Q2W) plus toripalimab Q2W and oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CAPOX) every 3 weeks (Q3W), or DV plus toripalimab and trastuzumab Q3W, versus toripalimab plus trastuzumab and CAPOX. Forty participants with HER2-low (IHC1+ or IHC2+/FISH-) will be randomly (1:1) assigned to receive DV plus toripalimab and CAPOX, versus toripalimab and CAPOX. In phase III period, HER2-positive participants will be randomly (1:1) assigned to receive DV plus toripalimab and CAPOX or trastuzumab versus CAPOX plus trastuzumab±anti-PD-1 antibody, based on results from phase II, and evolution of treatment landscape. HER2-low participants will be randomly (1:1) assigned to receive DV plus toripalimab and CAPOX versus CAPOX±anti-PD-1 antibody based on evolution of stand of care. The primary endpoint is PFS by IRC in PD-L1 CPS ≥5 population. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Phase III clinical trial exploring the combination of anti-HER2 ADC with trastuzumab and chemotherapy in first-line GC/GEJ. This trial began in August 2023 and has enrolled 4 patients at the time of submission. Clinical trial information: NCT05980481 .
Phase 2 study of nab-sirolimus in patients with well-differentiated and advanced/metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, lung, or pancreas.
Authors: Demeure Michael J. , Cohn Allen Lee , Seery Tara Elisabeth , Ding Li , Navarro Willis H. , Paulson Andrew Scott
Published: January 2024

TPS601

Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs; ~2% of all malignancies) commonly arise from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, pancreas, and lung, often presenting as metastatic disease. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of NETs. Everolimus, an oral mTOR inhibitor (mTORi), is an option for treatment of NETs of the GI tract, lung, or pancreas but response rates observed in the RADIANT -3 and -4 studies were modest at 4–10%. nab-Sirolimus is a mTORi that utilizes nanoparticle technology to preferentially target tumors and is approved in the USA for malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. In preclinical animal models, nab-sirolimus demonstrated higher intratumoral drug accumulation, improved target suppression, and stronger antitumor activity relative to equal weekly doses of sirolimus and everolimus, warranting further exploration of nab-sirolimus. This study will evaluate efficacy/safety of nab-sirolimus in patients with advanced/metastatic NETs. Methods: This phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study (NCT05997056) will enroll approximately 21 adults (≥18 years) with functional or non-functional, well-differentiated, locally advanced unresectable or metastatic NETs of the GI tract, lung, or pancreas who have received ≤2 prior lines of therapy, excluding somatostatin analogs (SSTa).Patients with functional NETS are eligible if they have been on a stable dose of SSTa for ≥12 weeks and had disease progression during SSTa treatment. Eligible patients must have ≥1 measurable target lesion (per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] v1.1), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score 0 or 1, and adequate organ function/hematologic parameters.They are not permitted to have received prior mTORi, including nab-sirolimus, or to have tumors with known inactivating TSC1 or TSC2 alterations. Patients will receive nab-sirolimus 100 mg/m2 by intravenous infusion on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles. Treatment will continue until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, or until discontinuation based on investigator or patient discretion.The primary endpoint is investigator-assessed objective response rate per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints include duration of response, disease control rate, time to response, progression-free survival, overall survival, and safety. Exploratory endpoints include correlation of baseline molecular biomarkers with clinical outcomes. Analysis of study objectives will be descriptive. Study site activation is underway with the first patient on study anticipated for the 3rd quarter of 2023. Clinical trial information: NCT05997056 .
Characteristics of Health Care Settings Where Adolescents and Young Adults Receive Care for ALL
Authors: Wolfson Julie A. , Grimes Allison C. , Nuno Michelle , Kerber Charlotte L. , Ramakrishnan Subhash , Beauchemin Melissa , Dickens David , Levine Jennifer M. , Roth Michael E. , Scialla Michele , Woods Wendy , Vargas Sarah , Boayue Koh B. , Chang George J. , Stock Wendy , Hershman Dawn , Curran Emily , Advani Anjali , O'Dwyer Kristen , Luger Selina , Liu Jane Jijun , Freyer David R. , Sung Lillian , Parsons Susan K.
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE

Individuals diagnosed with cancer between 15 and 39 years (adolescent and young adult [AYA]) face unique vulnerability. Detail is lacking about care delivery for these patients, especially those with ALL. We address these knowledge gaps by describing AYA ALL care delivery details at National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) (sub)affiliates by model of care.

METHODS

Participating institutions treated at least one AYA with ALL from 2012 to 2016. Study-specific criteria were used to determine the number of unique clinical facilities (CFs) per NCORP and their model of care (adult/internal medicine [IM], pediatric, mixed [both]). Surveys completed by NCORPs for each CF by model of care captured size, resources, services, and communication.

RESULTS

Among 84 participating CFs (adult/IM, n=47; pediatric, n=15; mixed, n=24), 34% treated 5-10 AYAs with ALL annually; adult/IM CFs more often treated <5 (adult/IM, 60%; pediatric, 40%; mixed, 29%). Referral decisions were commonly driven by an age/diagnosis combination (58%), with frequent ALL-specific age minimums (87%) or maximums (80%). Medical, navigational, and social work services were similar across models while psychology was available at more pediatric CFs (pediatric, 80%; adult/IM, 40%; mixed, 46%-54%). More pediatric or mixed CFs reported oncologists interacting with pediatric/adult counterparts via tumor boards (pediatric, 93%; adult/IM, 26%; mixed, 96%) or initiating contact (pediatric, 100%; adult/IM, 77%; mixed 96%); more pediatric CFs reported an affiliated counterpart (pediatric, 53%; adult, 19%). Most CFs reported no AYA-specific resources (79%) or meetings (83%-98%).

CONCLUSION

System-level aspects of AYA ALL care delivery have not been examined previously. At NCORPs, these characteristics differ by models of care. Additional work is ongoing to investigate the impact of these facility-level factors on guideline-concordant care in this population. Together, these findings can inform a system-level intervention for diverse practice settings.
Disparities in Stage at Presentation Among Hispanic and Latinx Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States
Authors: Dee Edward Christopher , Swami Nishwant , Kazzi Bahaa , Lapen Kaitlyn , Franco Idalid , Jain Bhav , Patel Tej A. , Mahal Brandon A. , Rimner Andreas , Wu Abraham , Iyengar Puneeth , Li Bob , Florez Narjust , Gomez Daniel R.
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE

Hispanic and Latinx people in the United States are the fastest-growing ethnic group. However, previous studies in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often analyze these diverse communities in aggregate. We aimed to identify differences in NSCLC stage at diagnosis in the US population, focusing on disaggregated Hispanic/Latinx individuals.

METHODS

Data from the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2018 identified patients with primary NSCLC. Individuals were disaggregated by racial and ethnic subgroup and Hispanic country of origin. Ordinal logistic regression adjusting for age, facility type, income, educational attainment, comorbidity index, insurance, and year of diagnosis was used to create adjusted odds ratios (aORs), with higher odds representing diagnosis at later-stage NSCLC.

RESULTS

Of 1,565,159 patients with NSCLC, 46,616 were Hispanic/Latinx (3.0%). When analyzed in the setting of race and ethnicity, Hispanic patients were more likely to be diagnosed with metastatic disease compared with non-Hispanic White (NHW) patients: 47.0% for Hispanic Black, 46.0% Hispanic White, and 44.3% of Hispanic other patients versus 39.1% of non-Hispanic White patients ( P < .001 for all). By country of origin, 51.4% of Mexican, 41.7% of Puerto Rican, 44.6% of Cuban, 50.8% of South or Central American, 48.4% of Dominican, and 45.6% of other Hispanic patients were diagnosed with metastatic disease, compared with 39.1% of NHWs. Conversely, 20.2% of Mexican, 26.9% of Puerto Rican, 24.2% of Cuban, 22.5% of South or Central American, 23.7% of Dominican, and 24.5% of other Hispanic patients were diagnosed with stage I disease, compared with 30.0% of NHWs. All Hispanic groups were more likely to present with later-stage NSCLC than NHW patients (greatest odds for Mexican patients, aOR, 1.44; P < .001).

CONCLUSION

Hispanic/Latinx patients with non–small-cell lung cancer were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced disease compared with NHWs. Disparities persisted upon disaggregation by both race and country of origin, with over half of Mexican patients with metastatic disease at diagnosis. Disparities among Hispanic/Latinx groups by race and by country of origin highlight the shortcomings of treating these groups as a monolith and underscore the need for disaggregated research and targeted interventions.
Platinum Bible of the Public Toilet
Authors: Zi’en Cui
Published: January 2024

Platinum Bible of the Public Toilet is the first English-language collection of short stories by Cui Zi’en, China’s most famous and controversial queer filmmaker, writer, scholar, and LGBTQ rights activist. Drawing on his own experiences growing up in socialist and postsocialist China, Cui presents ten queer coming-of-age stories of young boys and men as they explore their sexuality and desires. From a surreal fairytale depicting a ragtag crew of neighborhood boys in the throes of sexual awakening to a chronicle of the gender-bending and homoerotic entanglements of university students to romantic love triangle erotica to a story that examines teacher-student love and the norms of sex and age, Cui centers queer sexuality as a core part of human experience. Richly imaginative and vividly written, Platinum Bible of the Public Toilet portrays the emergence of queer cultures in postsocialist China while foregrounding the commitments to one’s erotic and passionate attractions even as they lead to cultural transgressions. This volume includes a preface by and an interview with the author.
Uncle's Elegant Life (舅舅的人间烟火)
Authors: Rofel Lisa
Published: January 2024

This story of a young boy’s relationship with his uncle foregrounds effeminacy. It is a sentimental yet moving tale of the narrator’s transformation when a young boy from pride to shame in his uncle’s “inverted manner.” The story itself cleverly inverts the genre of Japanese soap operas while turning them inside out, as the narrator learns painfully from both other young boys and the school principal that his uncle’s effeminate ways are far outside social norms, especially in the realm of gendered divisions of labor.
Teacher Eats Biscuits Thin as Parchment (老师吃饼薄如纸)
Authors: Schroeder William F.
Published: January 2024

This story presents a nonnormative challenge to conventional ideas about teacher-student love and, more broadly, to norms of sex and age in relationships. Having desired but failed to have an affair with any of his professors, the narrator goes to teach philosophy in Triangle City, where he has heard that student-teacher love is quite fashionable. There he indeed finds that the dialectics of vanguard and reactionary, corrupt and vital drive such love. But as opposed to the conventional idea that teachers seduce students, here we find a sly student seducing the narrator and then, after dumping him, revealing their encounter to other students. The narrator is tormented and periodically experiences attacks of constipation. One year later, this same student begs forgiveness and enters once again into the narrator’s heart, with the proviso that the student always call him teacher when they make love.
Deep Brain Stimulation Improves Symptoms of Spasmodic Dysphonia Through Targeting of Thalamic Sensorimotor Connectivity
Authors: Hart Michael G. , Polyhronopoulos Nancy , Sandhu Mandeep K. , Honey Christopher R.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Spasmodic dysphonia is a dystonia of the vocal chords producing difficulty with speech. Current hypotheses are that this is a condition of dysregulated thalamic sensory motor integration. A recent randomized controlled trial of thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) demonstrated its safety and efficacy. Our objective was to determine whether the outcome could be predicted by stimulation of thalamic sensorimotor areas and adjacent white matter connectivity as assessed by diffusion tractography.

METHODS:

A cohort of 6 participants undergoing thalamic DBS for adductor spasmodic dysphonia was studied. Electrodes were localized with the Lead-DBS toolbox. Group-based analyses were performed with atlases, coordinates, and using voxel-based symptom mapping. Diffusion tensor imaging (3 T, 64 directions, 2-mm isotropic) was used to perform individual probabilistic tractography (cerebellothalamic tract and pallidothalamic tract) and segmentation of the thalamus. Monopolar review was performed at 0.5 V and binarised as effective or ineffective.

RESULTS:

Effective contacts stimulated more of thalamic sensorimotor areas than ineffective contacts (P < .05, false discovery rate corrected). This effect was consistent across analytical and statistical techniques. Group-level and tractography analyses did not identify a specific “sweet spot” suggesting the benefit of DBS is derived from modulating individual thalamic sensorimotor areas. Stimulations at 1 year involved predicted thalamic sensorimotor regions with additional cerebellothalamic tract involvement.

CONCLUSION:

Stimulation of thalamic sensorimotor areas was associated with improvement in symptoms of spasmodic dysphonia. These data are consistent with DBS acting on pathophysiologically dysregulated thalamic sensorimotor integration in spasmodic dysphonia.
Transarterial Embolization of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Conventional, Pressure Cooker, and Microballoon Catheter Embolization Techniques
Authors: Lindgren Antti , Ahmed Syed Uzair , Bodani Vivek , Andrade Barazarte Hugo , Agid Ronit , Kee Tze Phei , Nicholson Patrick , Hendriks Eef J. , Krings Timo
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Dural fistulas are abnormal connections between dural arteries and intracranial veins treated mainly endovascularly in most settings. The aim was to examine a single-institution experience of microballoon catheter transarterial embolization (TAE) of dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) and compare it with other TAE techniques.

METHODS:

We retrospectively identified all dAVFs treated at our institution between 2017 and 2022 with microballoon, conventional, and pressure cooker TAE. We studied occlusion and retreatment rates, treatment-related complications, and radiation doses.

RESULTS:

During the study period, 66 patients underwent 75 TAE procedures to treat 68 dAVFs: 47 conventional TAE, 14 pressure cooker TAE, and 14 microballoon TAE. Median age of the study population was 63 years with 32% females. The most common dAVF location was the transverse sinus and 20% of dAVFs presented with hemorrhage. At 3-month follow-up, stable complete occlusion of the dAVF was seen in 72% (n = 34) after conventional TAE, 79% (n = 11) after pressure cooker TAE, and 86% (n = 12) after microballoon TAE. Retreatment was required in 19% (n = 9) after conventional TAE, 7% (n = 1) after pressure cooker TAE, and 7% (n = 1) after microballoon TAE. Treatment-related complications occurred in 17% (n =) after conventional TAE, 29% (n = 4) after pressure cooker TAE, and 7% (n = 1) after microballoon TAE.

CONCLUSION:

In our experience, microballoon TAE of dAVFs resulted in better initial and 3-month angiographic outcomes and required less retreatment than conventional TAE. Microballoon TAE also resulted in fewer treatment-related complications than other techniques. In our experience, microballoon TAE is a reliable and safe endovascular technique to treat dAVFs.
Linear verticalities
Authors: Δήμου Στυλιανός
Published: January 2024

Αυτή η διατριβή στοχεύει στο να φωτίσει πτυχές της αρμονικής κατασκευής στο έργο "Contretemps" του Georges Aperghis, μιας σύνθεσης διάρκειας είκοσι λεπτών για σοπράνο και μεγάλο σύνολο. Το θεμέλιο αυτής της ανάλυσης είναι η υπόθεση ότι το έργο διέπεται από εμβληματικές διαστηματικές συναθροίσεις, ενώ οι γραμμικές και κάθετες υποστάσεις τους είναι άρρηκτα συνυφασμένες μεταξύ τους, διαμορφώνοντας καθολικά αξιώματα για την αρμονική κατασκευή του έργου. Μέσω μιας σειράς αναγωγών και προεκτασιακών αναλύσεων, η έρευνα εξετάζει τον ρόλο των γραμμικών φθογγικών συναθροισμάτων που διατυπώνονται μέσα από διάφορους ενόργανους συνδιασμούς. Αυτή η ανάλυση χρησιμοποιεί τη θεωρία φθογγικών συνόλων του Αλλεν Φόρτε για την αναπαράσταση των διαστηματικών δομών, ενώ το 24-τόνο συγγερασμένο σύστημα (24-TET) χρησιμεύει ως σημείο αναφοράς για την οργάνωση των χρωματικών και μικροτονικών φθογγικών συναθροίσεων. Η συνεχής μίξη χρωματικών και μικροτονικών στοιχείων διαμορφώνει ένα κορεσμένο διαστηματικά ηχοτοπίο με, ενίοτε, δυσδιάκριτες συγχορδιακές κατασκευές. Πολλαπλές αλληλεπικαλυπτόμενες προοπτικές είναι δυνατές αναφορικά με τα καθολικά διαστηματικά αξιώματα που υπογραμμίζουν και καθορίζουν τα διακριτά αρχέτυπα των συγχοδιακών δομών στο έργο.
Profiling language and cognition in Greek-speaking patients with primary progressive aphasia
Authors: Καρπαθίου Νομική
Published: January 2024

Η Πρωτοπαθής Προοδευτική Αφασία (ΠΠΑ) είναι μία σπάνια μορφή Άνοιας η οποία χαρακτηρίζεται από μια αργά εξελισσόμενη γλωσσική διαταραχή. Τα άτομα με ΠΠΑ μπορούν να κατηγοριοποιηθούν σε τρεις κλινικές παραλλαγές (σημασιολογική, μη ρέουσα/αγραμματική και λογοπενική παραλλαγή) βάσει συγκεκριμένων γνωρισμάτων ομιλίας και λόγου. Σκοπός της παρούσας ερευνητικής μελέτης είναι η λεπτομερής καταγραφή των γλωσσικών χαρακτηριστικών της ΠΠΑ και των παραλλαγών της στην Ελληνική γλώσσα, καθώς και η συσχέτισή τους με συνυπάρχοντα γνωστικά ελλείμματα. Οι περισσότερες έρευνες στο χώρο της ΠΠΑ έχουν διεξαχθεί στην Αγγλική γλώσσα και μόνο ένας πολύ μικρός αριθμός μελετών εστιάζεται σε μη αγγλόφωνους ασθενείς. Για τον σκοπό αυτό εξετάστηκαν 13 άτομα με ΠΠΑ καθώς και 9 άτομα με νόσο Alzheimer (ΝΑ) με συμπτώματα ήπιας και μέτριας βαρύτητας. Δεκαπέντε υγιείς ενήλικες, εξισωμένοι ως προς το φύλο, την ηλικία και το επίπεδο εκπαίδευσης, αποτέλεσαν την ομάδα ελέγχου. Η αξιολογητική διαδικασία περιλάμβανε νευροψυχολογικές δοκιμασίες για την εκτίμηση των γλωσσικών, των γνωστικών ικανοτήτων και της διάθεσης των συμμετεχόντων. Η γνωστική αξιολόγηση εστιάστηκε στους τομείς της προσοχής, της μνήμης, των επιτελικών και των οπτικοχωρικών ικανοτήτων. Επιπλέον, αξιολογήθηκε η λεκτική κατανόηση, ο κινητικός μηχανισμός της ομιλίας, ο αφηγηματικός λόγος, η ικανότητα κατονομασίας, επανάληψης, ανάγνωσης και γραφής. Πληροφορίες σχετικά με τη λειτουργικότητα και πιθανά συνοδά ψυχιατρικά συμπτώματα συλλέχθηκαν από τους φροντιστές τους με τη χρήση ερωτηματολογίων. Καταγράφηκαν διαφορές στις γνωστικές και γλωσσικές λειτουργίες μεταξύ των συμμετεχόντων με ΠΠΑ και ΝΑ. Οι δοκιμασίες που βρέθηκε ότι μπορεί να βοηθήσουν στη διαφοροδιάγνωση είναι η επανάληψη προτάσεων με μεγάλο μήκος και αυξημένη συχνότητα εμφάνισης, ο αριθμός των φωνολογικών παραφασιών, το μέσο μήκος πρότασης και ο δείκτης ανάπτυξης πρότασης. Συγκρίνοντας την παραγωγή αφηγηματικού λόγου κατά την περιγραφή μιας εικόνας και την αναδιήγηση μιας ιστορίας, βρέθηκε ότι και οι δύο δοκιμασίες μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για την καταγραφή ελλειμμάτων. Η αναδιήγηση μιας ιστορίας φαίνεται ότι επιτρέπει επιπρόσθετα την διαφοροδιάγνωση των ατόμων με ΠΠΑ και ΝΑ. Το γνωστικό και γλωσσικό προφίλ κάθε συμμετέχοντα συζητήθηκε σε σχέση με τα ισχύοντα κλινικά κριτήρια. Αναλύοντας τις γνωστικές και γλωσσικές τους δεξιότητες, διαπιστώθηκε ποικιλομορφία, ιδιαίτερα για τους συμμετέχοντες με τη λογοπενική παραλλαγή της νόσου. Από τη μελέτη τεσσάρων περιπτώσεων που αξιολογήθηκαν ξανά μετά από διάστημα ενός έτους, βρέθηκε ότι οι δύο συμμετέχοντες με τη λογοπενική παραλλαγή παρουσίασαν γρηγορότερη έκπτωση, καθώς και έκπτωση σε περισσότερους τομείς, σε σχέση με τους άλλους δύο συμμετέχοντες. Προοπτικές μελέτες με μεγαλύτερο αριθμό συμμετεχόντων και ισορροπημένη αντιπροσώπευση των τριών παραλλαγών της ΠΠΑ είναι απαραίτητες προκειμένου να διερευνηθούν περαιτέρω και να διευρυνθούν τα συμπεράσματα αυτής της μελέτης.
Early environment and the development of social behaviours in the Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata
Authors: Λέρης Ιωάννης
Published: January 2024

Το πρώιμο περιβάλλον (περιβάλλον ανάπτυξης) παίζει καθοριστικό ρόλο στη διαμόρφωση του μορφολογικού, φυσιολογκού και συμπεριφορικού φαινοτύπου των ζώων, ενώ οι συνθηκες που επικρατούν κατά την ανάπτυξη, μπορούν δυνητικά να προετοιμάσουν έναν οργανισμό για το περιβάλλον που πρόκειται να αντιμετωπίσει όταν ενηλικιωθεί. Στην εν λόγω διατριβή, χρησιμοποίησα το γκάπι του Τρινιντάντ (Poecilia reticulata), ένα μικρό τροπικό ψάρι που αποτελεί οργανισμό-μοντέλο στην εξελικτική και συμπεριφορική οικολογία, για να μελετήσω την επίδραση του πρώιμου περιβάλλοντος στην συμπεριφορά, δίνοντας έμφαση στην κοινωνική συμπεριφορά (κοπάδιασμα και κοινωνική μάθηση). Το 1ο κεφάλαιο είναι εισαγωγικό και γίνεται συζήτηση των κυριότερων εννοιών που θα αναλυθούν στα επόμενα κεφάλαια, παραθέτωντας τη σχετική διαθέσιμη βιβλιογραφία. Συγκεκριμένα περιγράφω την κοινωνική συμπεριφορά, το πρώιμο πριβάλλον και η φαινοτυπική πλαστικότητα, καθώς και τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά του σύστηματος μελέτης (γκάπι). Επίσης ανφέρονται οι στόχοι και η βασική δομή της διατριβής. Στο 2ο κεφάλαιο, με τη διενέργεια διαδοχικών πειραμάτων σε τακτά χρονικά διαστήματα εξετάστηκε αν συμπεριφορές όπως το κοπάδιασμα και η κοινωνική μάθηση παραμένουν σταθερές στο χρόνο (individual consistency). Έπειτα, μετά από αναπαραγωγή των ατόμων και εκτροφή των απογόνων τους, μελετήθηκε αν τα στοιχεία αυτά είναι κληρονομήσιμα (heritability). Στο 3ο κεφάλαιο, μελετήθηκε η επίδραση της ηλικίας και του πρώιμου κοινωνικού περιβάλλοντος στην κοινωνική μάθηση των ψαριών αυτών. Πραγματοποιήθηκε εκτροφή ψαριών σε διαφορετικές κοινωνικές συνθήκες (παρουσία/απουσία ενηλίκων ψαριών που παρείχαν πληροφορίες σχετικά με την τοποθεσία της τροφής) και έπειτα μελετήθηκε αν τα ψάρια αυτά χρησιμοποιούσαν κοινωνική μάθηση για να βρουν τροφή με ένα σύντομο συμπεριφορικό τεστ. Το τεστ αυτό πραγματοποιήθηκε δύο φορές, μια αμέσως μετά το τέλος της εκτροφής και μια αργότερα, μετά από μια περίοδο κανονικών συνθηκών, ώστε να εξεταστεί αν η ηλικία παίζει ρόλο στην ικανότητα κοινωνικής μάθησης. Στο 4ο και 5ο κεφάλαιο εξετάστηκε η επίδραση της παρουσίας θηρευτών και της πυκνότητας του πληθυσμού σε μια σειρά συμπεριφορικών χαρακτηριστικών των γκαπι. Στα πειράματα αυτά, έγινε προσομοίωση του καθεστώτος υψηλής ή χαμηλής θήρευσης που τα ψάρια αυτά συναντούν στη φύση, με τη χρήση χημικών αλλά και οπτικών ερεθισμάτων καιτά την εκτροφή. Ταυτόχρονα, η εκτροφή έγινε σε δυο συνθήκες πυκνότητας ψαριών, υψηλή και χαμηλή. Στη συνέχεια, εξετάστηκαν στοιχεία της συμπεριφοράς τους όπως τολμηρότητα (boldness), τάση εξερεύνησης, κοπάδιασμα, αποφυγή θηρευτών και κοινωνική μάθηση. Τέλος, στο 6ο κεφάλαιο, γίνεται ανακεφαλαίωση των σημαντικότερων ευρημάτων της διατριβής και συζήτησή τους ως προς την υπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία. Ακόμη, περιγράφονται οι σημαντικότερες θεωρητικές και πρακτικές εφαρμογές των αποτελεσμάτων καθώς και πιθανές μελλοντικές κατευθύνσεις για περαιτέρω έρευνα.
The effect of Melissa officinalis on diet-induced hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Hazman Ö , Göçeri ME , Fıçıcı I , Demirer B , Aksoy L
Published: January 2024

The Lamiaceae family is an essential medicinal plant family. Melissa officinalis L. is a well-known medicinal plant of Lamiaceae. It was aimed to investigate the effects of Melissa officinalis infusion given to rats with hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in this study. It is seen that the high-fat diet (HFD) group causes weight gain from the third week. VLDL, LDL, HDL and cholesterol levels were found statistically significant differences (p˂0.05), fed a cholesterol-enriched high-fat diet group (HFD) compared to the control. It is seen that the cholesterol level of the high-fat diet+Melissa officinalis infusion (HFD+MOI) group was statistically significantly (p˂0.05).  lower than the HFD group. In addition, the group in which Melissa officinalis was applied had positive effects on the antioxidant system and reduced the total oxidant system. The fact that the IFN-γ level of the HFD group was higher than the control indicates that the diet may have an inflammatory effect. As a result, HFD application with cholesterol caused hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia in rats. The cholesterol-lowering effect of Melissa officinalis is observed. Remarkably, Melissa officinalis did not alter serum calcium levels while lowering cholesterol. In addition, it can said that HFD has a strengthening effect on the antioxidant system on oxidative stress.
The Molecular detection and pathotypic characterization of Genotype VII.2 of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Imported Cockatiels in Iran
Authors: Abdoshah M , Morovati S , Razmyar J
Published: January 2024

Genotype VII of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the most prevalent genotype of avian paramyxovirus I (APMV-1) in Asia, is rapidly spreading worldwide. The emergence of new sub-genotype VII.2 in different countries raises questions about the evolutionary patterns of these isolates. Despite the devastating effects of NDV on endangered parrot species and the major role of the psittacines in the cross-species transmission of the virus, there have not been any phylogenetic studies on the NDVs circulation in these populations in Iran. In this regard, a brain sample obtained from three dead cockatiels of a suspected NDV flock with an 80% mortality rate was implemented for further molecular, pathogenicity, and phylogenetic analysis of the fusion gene and deduced amino acid sequences. Pathogenicity indices and Cleavage site investigation revealed the high virulence (112RRQKRF117) of the virus. Phylogenetic studies clustered our isolate (SR0077) among VII.2 sequences from Pakistan, Indonesia, China, Jordan, and Malaysia. Moreover, the nucleotide distances between the studied isolate and VII.2 strains reported from Pakistan were less than 0.01. However, non-VII.2 isolates previously reported from Iran were phylogenetically distinct from our isolate. Taken together, these findings, along with some identical substitutions at functional domains of the F protein, highlight the risk of introducing VII.2 strains to other countries and the possible incidence of new panzootics.  Finally, based on history and molecular analyses, it seems that bird trade from Pakistan is the main cause of the development of new VII.2 NDV strains in Iran.
The effect on carcass characteristics of different silage types used in the rations of fattening lambs
Authors: Şengül Ö , Ak İ
Published: January 2024

This study was carried out to investigate the effects on carcass characteristics of lambs fed with different silage types (corn silage, sunflower silage and their mixtures) and their mixtures at different levels. In the study, rumen volatile fatty acids levels and rumen pH of the lambs used in the experiment were determined at the beginning and end of fattening. For corn silage and sunflower silages, aerobic stability and lactic acid bacteria and yeast-mold counts were determined. In the treatment, 40 Kıvırcık male lambs aged 2.5-3 months were used as animal material. Lambs were divided into 5 different silage groups (100% corn silage, 75% corn+25% sunflower silage, 50% corn silage+50% sunflower silage, 25% corn silage+75% sunflower silage, 100% sunflower silage) and it was planned to have 8 lambs in each group. The lambs were housed in individual compartments during the experiment and the animals were individually fed. Silages were given to the lambs ad libitum and in addition to silage 700, 900 and 1400 g concentrated feed were given daily between 0-21, 21-42 and 42-56 days, respectively. As a result, it can be said that feeding with different silage types does not have a significant effect on carcass characteristics of lambs, and silages prepared with corn silage, sunflower silage and their mixtures can be used successfully in lamb fattening.
Meta analysis of the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle
Authors: Çelik Gürbulak E , Akçay A
Published: January 2024

Mastitis, which is defined as the inflammation of mammary tissue caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, yeast, fungi and viruses, is considered to be one of the most important problems of dairy enterprises due to reduced milk yield and milk quality. Therefore, studies on mastitis have been continuous from past to present. The presence of too many studies conducted in all around the world in order to estimate the prevalence of mastitis and to determine the factors affecting the disease has necessitated systematic review or meta-analysis studies on this subject. In this study, it was aimed to perform the meta-analysis for the prevalence of cow and udder quarter-based subclinical mastitis in 193 studies conducted around the world, and to determine the effects of some factors on the prevalence of subclinical mastitis using subgroup and meta-regression methods. Because high heterogeneity was detected between studies in the analysis, the random effects model (Der Simonian-Laird method) (Q=15149.869, df=188, p<0.001, I2=98.759; Q=72142.706; df=174, p<0.001; I2=99.774) was used in this study. The publication biases in the study samples were determined by the use of Egger's linear regression test, the Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation test and funnel plots. As a result of the study, the common prevalence of subclinical mastitis in cow and udder quarter-based studies were calculated as 0.46 (95% CI: 0.43-0.48) and 0.32 (95% CI: 0.30-0.34) respectively. The meta-analysis conducted in this study has enabled the elimination of inconsistencies in the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in individual studies conducted around the world, and has provided a stronger and more precise estimate.
Στοιχεία ψυχοπαθολογίας στη μητέρα ωσ παράγοντες κινδύνου για ανάπτυξη αρνητικής έννοιας του εαυτού και καταθλιπτικής συμπτωματολογίας στο παιδί
Authors: Μακρή-Μπότσαρη Εύη
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Depression and dependency: Which relationship?
Authors: Bolognini Monique , Plancherel Bernard , Laget Jacques , Halfon Olivier , Corcos Maurice , Jeammet Philippe
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Εκπαιδεύοντας τον ανοίκειο "άλλο": Το παράδειγμα της μειονοτικής εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Δραγώνα Θάλεια
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Ομοφυλόφιλη επιθυμία και επιθυμία πατρότητας
Authors: Gratton Emmanuel
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Performance effects of self-focus
Authors: Panayiotou Georgia
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Ανάλυση παραγόντων για Ελληνικό WISC-III: Τομείς γνωστικής ανάπτυξης
Authors: Δ. Γιαννίτσας Νικόλαος , Μυλωνάς Κωνσταντίνος
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
School-related stress and family stress: Differences in stress perception and coping style in healthy and clinical groups
Authors: Seiffge-Krenke Inge
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Η σχέση μεταξύ γεγονότων ζωής και καθημερινών προστριβών, προσδοκιών αυτο-αποτελεσματικότητας, στρατηγικών αντιμετώπισης αγνογόνων καταστάσεων και ψυχοσωματικής υγείας
Authors: Χ. Καραδήμας Ευάγγελος , Καλαντζή-Αζίζι Αναστασία
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
The DIAGNOSER project: Assessment in the service of learning
Authors: Hunt Earl
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Multidimensional structure of goal orientations: The importance of adopting a personal development goal in physical education
Authors: Papaioanou Athanasios , Milosis Dimitrios , Kosmidou Eudoxia , Tsigilis Nikolaos
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Training children with artificial alphabet
Authors: Gombert Jean Emile , Peereman Ronald
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Η μικρό- και μακρο-εξέλιξη των μεταγνωστικών εμπειριών: Η επίδραση τψν διαφόρων φάσεων λύσης προβλήματος και ατομικών παραγόντων
Authors: Ευκλείδη Αναστασία , Σαμαρά Ακυλίνα , Πετροπούλου Μαρίνα
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Αντιμετώπιση προβλημάτων της καθημερινής ζωής: Η περίπτωση της παιδικής μοναξιάς
Authors: Γαλανάκη Ευαγγελία , Μπεζεβέγκης Ηλίας
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Το "φανταστικό ακροατήριο" και ο "προσωπικός μύθος": Μια πρώτη διερευνητική προσέγγιση των δύο εκδηλώσεων του εφηβικού εγωκεντρισμού
Authors: Π. Γαλανάκη Ευαγγελία
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Brain and mind: The case of subjective experience
Authors: Efklides Anastasia
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Η προσαρμογή στα ελληνικά μιας κλίμακας μέτρησης των στρατηγικών αντιμετώπισης αγχογόνων καταστάσεων
Authors: Χ. Καραδήμας Ευάγγελος
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Idiography and monothesis: The quest for intergration
Authors: A. Androutsopoulou Athena
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Παράγοντες που συμβάλλουν στη διαμόρφωση του αισθήματος οικειότητας λέξεων
Authors: Ευκλείδη Αναστασία , Πανταζή Μαρία , Γιαζκουλίδου Αικατερίνη
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Gender differences in the development of academic self-concept of attainment from the 2nd to the 6th grade: Relations with achievement and perceived motivational orientation
Authors: Lepola Janne , Vauras Marja , Maki Hanna
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT IS AVAILABLE IN THE PDF
Κοινωνικές αναπαραστάσεις για τους πρόσφυγες και για την <<προκατάληψη>> σε δύο <<μικτές>> κοινότητες της Θεσσαλονίκης
Authors: Φίγγου Ευαγγελία
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Αφομοίωση και εναρμονιση: Διαπολιτιστικές επιδράσεις στις οικογενειακές αξίες των Ελλήνων της διασποράς
Authors: Λ. Μυλωνάς Κωνσταντίνος
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Αλλαγή στάσεων και συμπεριφοράς Ελλήνων μαθητών προς τους βορειοηπειρώτες και πόντιους μετανάστες συμμαθητές τους
Authors: Ντάλλα Μαρίνα
Published: January 2024

Η ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ ΒΡΙΣΚΕΤΑΙ ΜΕΣΑ ΣΤΟ ΑΡΧΕΙΟ PDF
Lab-scale and full-scale industrial composting of biodegradable plastic blends for packaging
Authors: Chong Zhi Kai , Hofmann Alexander , Haye Marie , Wilson Sharon , Sohoo Ihsanullah , Alassali Ayah , Kuchta Kerstin
Published: January 2024

Background The acceptance of compostable plastic packaging in industrial composting plants is not universal despite available certification due to the persistence of plastic residues after composting. To better understand this discrepancy, this study compared the disintegration rates of two blends designed for rigid packaging (polylactic acid based) and soft packaging (polybutylene succinate based) in lab-scale composting tests and in an industrial composting plant. Methods A lab-scale composting test was conducted in triplicates according to ISO 20200 for 4, 8 and 12 weeks to check the disintegration potential of the blends. Duplicate test material were then exposed in the compost pile of an industrial composting plant for a duration of 3 weeks and compared with a supplementary lab-scale test of the same duration. Results The rigid packaging samples (1 mm thickness) retained on average 76.4%, 59.0% and 55.7% of its mass after 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively in the lab-scale. In the plant, the average remaining mass was 98.3%, much higher compared to the average of 68.9% after 3 weeks in the supplementary lab-scale test. The soft packaging samples (109±9 µm sample thickness) retained on average 45.4%, 10.9% and 0.3% of its mass after 4, 8 and 12 weeks respectively in the lab-scale. In the plant, a high average remaining mass was also observed (93.9%). The supplementary lab-scale test showed similar remaining mass but higher fragmentation after 3 weeks. Conclusions The results show that the samples achieved significant disintegration in the lab-scale but not in the plant. The difference between the tests that might further contribute to the differing degradation rates is the composition and heterogeneity of the composting substrate. Therefore, the substrate composition and thermophilic composting duration of individual plants are important considerations to determine the suitability of treating compostable plastic in real-world conditions.
Logical Form, Conditionals, Pseudo-Conditionals
Authors: Iacona Andrea
Published: January 2024

This paper raises some questions about the formalization of sentences containing ‘if’ or similar expressions. In particular, it focuses on three kinds of sentences that resemble conditionals in some respects but exhibit distinctive logical features that deserve separate consideration: whether-or-not sentences, biscuit conditionals, and concessive conditionals. As will be suggested, the examples discussed show in different ways that an adequate formalization of a sentence must take into account the content expressed by the sentence. This upshot is arguably what one should expect on the view that logical form is determined by truth conditions.
Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Extract from Napier Grass (Pennisetum purpureum), Evaluation of Its Bioactivity, Antimutagenicity and Cytotoxicity
Authors:   Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand, Thaisungnoen Kornkanok , Umar Muhammad ,   Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand, Singh Manisha ,   School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia, Anal Anil Kumar ,   Department of Food, Agriculture and Bioresources, Asian Institute of Technology, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
Published: January 2024

The antioxidant characteristics of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) can vary significantly depending on the age of the plant, species, and environmental constraints. In this study, ultrasonic extraction was performed to obtain the bioactive extract from Napier grass. Napier grass at different growth periods (50, 70, and 90 days) was evaluated for phenolic and flavonoid quantity followed by antioxidant activity. The effect of extraction parameters was evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design. The optimum condition for extraction of bioactive compounds from Napier grass was selected through RSM as 10 mL of ethanol (47.68% v/v) and 50 min of extraction time with ultrasound assisted process (100% amplitude and 20 kHz). The extract from 50 days old grass showed excellent antioxidant properties (68.4 μm Fe (II)/g, 5.1 mg AAE/g, 56.7% of DPPH activity), higher phenolic (8.5 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (3.9 mg QE/g) and protein content (14.9% w/w) which also good antimicrobial and antimutagenic activity. The bioactive extract from 50 days of grass demonstrated strong antimutagenicity (>60%) against sodium azide-induced mutation in S. typhimurium TA 100 strain and did not exhibit a cytotoxic effect on Vero and Caco-2 cells at the concentration of 250 µg/mL and 500 µg/mL, respectively. Keywords: Napier grass, Ultrasonic extraction, Antioxidant, Antimutagenicity, Cytotoxicity