bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
External Sector of the Russian Economy
Authors: Kheyfets B.
Published: March 2019

The article describes new tendencies in capital outflow from Russia and for the first time attempts to study Russia’s parallel external economy which is forming as a result of quick development of Russian TNC. The author points out peculiarities of Russia’s external economy in comparison with other countries and assesses its influence on internal economy, foreign economic ties and foreign policy. On the basis of conducted analysis and foreign experience criteria for responsible state policy in respect to globalization of Russian business are formulated and measures on bringing together external and internal sectors of economy are proposed.
Economic Theory and Human Nature: Is the Mystery Revealed?
Authors: Olsevich Yu.
Published: March 2019

The author claims that contradictions between economists on the subject of human nature are the main hidden source of the modern crisis of economic theory. The article introduces psycho-typological approach to economic issues which is justified with reference to the research made by the prominent social scientists of the past (such as W. Sombart, J. M. Keynes etc.), as well as to the analysis of modern economic institutions and the discovery of types of personality which are the most appropriate for guiding the society to the modern, knowledge-based type of economic development.
Organizational Economics and Models of Incomplete Contracts
Authors: Skorobogatov A.
Published: March 2019

The article considers interrelations between economic organization and the opportunities of realizing technological advantages such as demand aggregation, team production and asset specificity. Theoretical results of incomplete contracts literature are analyzed (Hart-Moore, Grossman-Hart and Tirole-Furubotn-Richter models) which touches upon interdependence between contract incompleteness, allocation of property rights and the levels of relationship-specific investment.
Development Programs: On the Methodology of Formation
Authors: Tambovtsev V.
Published: March 2019

The notion of development program is defined as the unity of investment and institutional-change components. Basing on the principles of institutional design the bargaining process for development programs formation is grounded, with influential stakeholders as parties of this bargain. The typology of compensations is introduced, and a generalized criterion of Caldor-Hicks is proposed for estimation of development programs efficacy. The illustrations from recent Russian practice are presented.
Barriers to Entry as the Most Significant Instrument of the Anti-competitive Policy
Authors: Lukyanov S. , Kislyak N.
Published: March 2019

The authors distinguish different kinds of the barriers to entry, describe their specific features and various theoretical approaches to its analysis. As an example of the barriers to entry research the authors present the results of the empirical study of the public catering industry in the Urals region of Russia they carried out in 2006. Also the methodology of further empirical research of the anti-competitive policy on Russian markets is suggested.
Industrialization as a National Economy Problem (On the Issue of the Initial Level of Soviet Industrial Modernization)
Authors: Rogalina N.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the initial level of Soviet industrial modernization in connection with the analysis of outcomes of the reconstruction period. It estimates institutional conditions in the beginning of national economy’s reconstruction and makes comparisons with the pre-revolutionary situation. The industrialization of the 1920-s is examined in two aspects: primary formation of industry in comparison with agriculture and priority development of heavy industry with respect to light industry. The author concludes that existing historical conditions, decision-making mechanism, practice of irrational and costly economy made the basis for future contradictions, accumulating pre-requisites for state-running of the economy and central planning of the first five-year plan.
Some Issues of Monetary and Exchange Rate Policy in Russia in 2000-2006 and in the Short-term Outlook
Authors: Drobyshevsky S. , Kadochnikov P. , Sinelnikov-Murylev S.
Published: March 2019

The paper analyzes the problems of macroeconomic policy in Russia in 2000-2006. The authors estimate the trends of realization of monetary, credit, currency and budgetary policy under favorable and unfavorable external economic conditions. Different variants of government and central bank reaction to the oil prices conservation or decline are considered. Different scenarios of macroeconomic policy realization in 2007-2011 are modeled. The results of the computation are presented.
Economic Policy in 2006: On the Path to Investment Growth
Authors: Mau V.
Published: March 2019

The paper deals with trends in Russian economic policy in 2006-2007, the period of transition from "reconstructive growth" (export and demand driven growth) to investment driven growth. Industrial policy, public-private partnership, and "institutes of development", financial policy and prospects of Stabilization fund are in the centre of the analysis. Among political issues the paper discusses risks and forms of populism in the elections year as well as economic dimension of the dabate on "sovereign democracy".
Economics of Copying and Copyright
Authors: Varian H.
Published: March 2019

The author considers the peculiar properties of copyright as an object of economic analysis and outlines its history in the USA. The article also addresses the problem of the optimal term of copyright from the point of view of social welfare. Simple models of price-setting on the market for information goods are analyzed.
The Potential and Instruments of the Theory of Organization (On the Textbook "The Theory of Organization" by B. Z. Milner)
Authors: Leksin V.
Published: March 2019

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Modern Economic Theory: The Main Tendencies
Authors: Libman A.
Published: March 2019

The paper presents a survey of the main fields of theoretical and empirical research in economics and social sciences. It offers two classifications of economic research based on methodology and segments of scientific community. Advantages and disadvantages of different methodological approaches and standards of communication are considered. The article also discusses the main directions of evolution of mainstream economics, as well as empirical and experimental turn in the modern economic science.
Galilean Reflections on Milton Friedman’s "Methodology of Positive Economics", with Thoughts on Vernon Smith’s "Economics in the Laboratory"
Authors: Schliesser E.
Published: March 2019

The article examines in detail the argument of M. Friedman as expressed in his famous article "Methodology of Positive Economics". In considering the problem of interconnection of theoretical hypotheses with experimental evidence the author illustrates his thesis using the history of the Galilean law of free fall and its role in the development of theoretical physics. He also draws upon methodological ideas of the founder of experimental economics and Nobel prize winner V. Smith.
Rubin Yu. B. Competition: Regular Interaction in Professional Business
Authors: Kleiner G.
Published: March 2019

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Comment
Authors: Keynes J. M.
Published: March 2019

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The Influence of the Stock Market on Economic Dynamics in the Overlapping Generations Model
Authors: Rozanova N. , Nazarenko A.
Published: March 2019

The article considers a simple overlapping generations model. The authors show that the existence of the stock market (which at the first stage of its evolution may be modeled as an increase in the number of firms in the economy) contributes to the reduction of volatility of economic growth.
Hostile Takeovers and Anti-takeover Defenses in the Russian Corporate Market
Authors: Demidova E.
Published: March 2019

This article analyzes definitions and the role of hostile takeovers at the Russian and European markets for corporate control. It develops the methodology of assessing the efficiency of anti-takeover defenses adapted to the conditions of the Russian market. The paper uses the cost-benefit analysis, where the costs and benefits of the pre-bid and post-bid defenses are compared.
Gazprom’s Corporate Governance: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Kuzmin B. , Vorobieva L. , Vorobieva O.
Published: March 2019

This article considers problems of corporate management in joint-stock company "Gazprom" during restructuring. It analyzes macroeconomic questions: pricing for natural gas, arrears, image of Gazprom at the Russian market. Microeconomic issues are studied as well: outsider model of management in Gazprom, dynamics of human resource policy, etc.
Neo-Ricardian Theory of Value and Distribution: A Critique
Authors: Bodrikov M.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the main propositions of Neo-Ricardian interpretation of the classical approach to the problem of pricing. The author shows that in normal (long-term) economic conditions commodity prices do not depend on the conditions of income distribution. The impossibility to explain rate of profit within the framework of the model of "standard system" is shown. The author concludes that neo-Ricardian "price distribution effects" and criticism of Neoclassical concept of capital are incorrect.
Budget Policy and Its Role in Economic Growth
Authors: Senchagov V.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the budget policy as an instrument of promoting stable economic growth and smoothing economic disparities. The author classifies the goals of budget policy, making accent on the efficiency of government expenditures and the status of targeted and investment programs in the budgeting methodology. The article also analyzes the influence of stabilization fund on money supply, consumption price index and GDP growth rate.
Student Evaluation of Faculty: Management Innovations at Russian Universities
Authors: Andrushchak G.
Published: March 2019

The author describes basic functions of the student evaluation of faculty systems, discusses the main controversies and results of empirical research and considers the problem of possible biases in the quality evaluation in such systems. The article examines different institutional factors which limit the use of these systems. Special attention is paid to the Russian educational market.
“The Philosophy of Economic Science” by V. A. Kanke and the Problem of Uncertainty
Authors: Grebnev L.
Published: March 2019

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They Do not Know What They Are Doing
Authors: Lavrovsky B.
Published: March 2019

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Lacunas in the Structure of Economic Knowledge and Non-classical Rationality
Authors: Kaz M.
Published: March 2019

The article proposes the expansion of categories used in economic theory. The concept of "lacuna" is introduced with this purpose. On the example of studies in the labour sphere the character and features of the lacuna formed now in the given area of economic knowledge are analyzed. The influence of the lacuna on transformation of categorial apparatus, interrelation of the formed lacuna with non-classical rationality and the cognitive value approach as well as the role of markers in the detection of the lacuna are also discussed.
Behavioral Economics - a Positive Approach to the Analysis of Economic Action
Authors: Pavlov I.
Published: March 2019

The author considers a new school of economic theory which is called behavioral economics - a synthesis of psychological and experimental approaches to economic analysis with a formal modeling of economic behavior. The article discusses methodological premises of this theory and some of its positive results which have recently been achieved. The specific traits of behavioral economics with respect to the rational choice theory are traced.
On Governance and Decision-Making at Russian Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Panova A.
Published: March 2019

The paper considers some results of the research of the governance structure at Russian higher education institutions. The study covers admission policy as well as educational, scientific, investment and other policies. The level of participation of inter-university agents in different activities is also discussed. The analysis of opinion polls shows that governance at Russian universities is mainly hierarchic, most decisions are taken by the university’s administration while the opinion of the faculty is of very low significance. This model is notably different from that of European university where governance is more collective.
Evaluation of Housing Affordability in Russia
Authors: Kosareva N. , Tumanov A.
Published: March 2019

The article reviews various methods of housing affordability measurement which are currently used in Russia to monitor results of the housing reforms. Key factors affecting housing affordability are identified. The article analyzes in detail methodological problems concerning calculation of housing affordability coefficients for Russia and possibilities of comparing Russia with foreign countries. A set of indicators is provided with every indicator describing a particular aspect of housing affordability.
Golichenko O. G. Russia's National Innovation System: The State of Things and Ways of Development
Authors: Glazyev S.
Published: March 2019

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New Informational-behavioral Paradigm: The End of the Theory of Equilibrium or Its Second Wind?
Authors: Yassinskiy Yu. , Tikhonov A.
Published: March 2019

The authors analyze the informational paradigm in economic theory. The article introduces and develops a concept of information consistency; the authors apply this concept to the analysis of labor market, credit market, etc. Moreover, they suggest that the microeconomic conclusions be extended to the macroeconomic level. So they introduce a concept of a favorable type of macrodynamics and describe macroeconomic features of economy with respect to the information consistency of certain markets. The authors come to the conclusion that the informational paradigm serves as a good supplement to the traditional equilibrium theory.
On the Problems of Normative Economics
Authors: Lavrov I.
Published: March 2019

The author considers theoretical, philosophical and methodological aspects of normative approach in economic theory. The article discusses normative analysis and types of normative and positive elements in economic theory, basing upon difference between abstract and real objects of science. The specific traits of generations as subjects of economic and socio-political history are determined.
Thorstein Veblen as Economic Theorist
Authors: Samuels W.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the Veblen’s legacy from the point of view of its theoretical status. In this connection the author investigates the nature of theory as such, analyzes neoclassical school as theory, compares Veblen’s ideas with neoclassical conceptions, in particular showing the influence of these ideas on F. Knight. The article displays and systematizes the main directions of Veblen’s research and shows that if a certain concept of the theory as such is adopted, then these lines of research should be treated as theories no less than the works of neoclassic economists.
On the Subject Matter of Economic Science, or Where Should We Begin while Teaching Economics?
Authors: Grebnev L.
Published: March 2019

The author analyzes some descriptions of the subject matter of economics as a science and a "discipline" (a "subject" or a "course") which are widespread in the western textbooks. The article stresses the connection between those descriptions and spheres of their authors’ scientific activities. The views on the subject matter of economic science are shown to be inconsistent both with real human’s life and with the basic notion of goods introduced by C. Menger. The author suggests that the economics course should begin with the description of the marginal aims of economic activity which are the subsistence of life and the increase in welfare.
What Is an Institution?
Authors: Searle J.
Published: March 2019

The author claims that an institution is any collectively accepted system of rules (procedures, practices) that enable us to create institutional facts. These rules typically have the form of X counts as Y in C, where an object, person, or state of affairs X is assigned a special status, the Y status, such that the new status enables the person or object to perform functions that it could not perform solely in virtue of its physical structure, but requires as a necessary condition the assignment of the status. The creation of an institutional fact is, thus, the collective assignment of a status function. The typical point of the creation of institutional facts by assigning status functions is to create deontic powers. So typically when we assign a status function Y to some object or person X we have created a situation in which we accept that a person S who stands in the appropriate relation to X is such that (S has power (S does A)). The whole analysis then gives us a systematic set of relationships between collective intentionality, the assignment of function, the assignment of status functions, constitutive rules, institutional facts, and deontic powers.
Economic Interactions in the Post-Soviet Space
Authors: Zhukov S. , Reznikova O.
Published: March 2019

The article discusses key problems of economic interactions within the post-Soviet space. It examines the objective foundations and limitations of economic cooperation among post-Soviet economies, dynamics of mutual trade flows and patterns of foreign direct investments. Special attention is paid to such phenomena as trans-border migration and unregistered trade.
What is Analytical Marxism?
Authors: Wright E. O.
Published: March 2019

The paper written by a famous sociologist, one of the main advocates of analytical Marxism, analyzes this school of social and economic thought which emerged in the end of the 1970s. The author briefly outlines the history of analytical Marxism and explicates its distinctive characteristics which distinguish it from both neoclassical tradition and different heterodox schools of thought. The paper also shows the connections between analytical Marxism and Marxist theory. The author discusses modern interpretations of Marx’s conceptions and the influence of analytical Marxism on contemporary social and economic thought.
Makarov V. L., Kleiner G. B. Knowledge-based Microeconomy
Authors: Gaponenko A.
Published: March 2019

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Prospects for the Russia’s Pension System
Authors: Gurvich E.
Published: March 2019

We find that the present pension system is able to secure long-term formal sustainability. On the other hand, rapid fall of the replacement rate is expected, with the hardest period in 2018 to 2041, when ratio of average pension to average wage will be below 20%. Additional funds needed to keep this ratio at the level of 2006 amount to 2-3% of GDP in 2020-2041. Distributional implications of the pension reform are examined. The present value of losses born by elder cohorts from the reform are estimated to reach 9,9 bln roubles (in 2007 prices). The gender gap in pensions will increase substantially, to reach 36% by 2050. Measures addressing long-term problems of the pension system are discussed.
Travel & Tourism Industry in Russia: Tendencies and Risks
Authors: Ovcharov A.
Published: March 2019

The article examines theoretical aspects of tourist risks. The author analyzes the stages of development of Russia’s travel & tourism industry in the context of influence of external and internal risk factors. Data of federal state statistics bodies and international tourist organizations is generalized. On this base tendencies of development of the travel & tourism industry are revealed and directions of the state policy in the field of internal tourism are considered.
Indicative System of General Security of Operating Subject
Authors: Petrenko I.
Published: March 2019

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On the Translation of Marx' “Wert” in Russian
Authors: Chekhovsky V.
Published: March 2019

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Theory of Mechanism Design (2007 Nobel Prize in Economics)
Authors: Izmalkov S. , Sonin K. , Yudkevich M.
Published: March 2019

The paper outlines the basics of the mechanism design theory and describes the defining contribution of Leo Hurwiсz, Eric Maskin, and Roger Myerson, the Nobel prize winners in economics in 2007. It starts by introducing the concepts of economic mechanism, incentive compatibility, and implementation, and provides a non-technical description of main results. Then it explains the relationship between theoretical foundations and real-world market mechanisms such as auctions. Finally, recent applications of the mechanism design theory to institutional analysis are discussed.
Structural Alternatives of Russia’s Social and Economic Development
Authors: Shastitko A. , Afontsev S. , Plaksin S.
Published: March 2019

The article contains a general comparative study of four strategies of social and economic development: "Inertia", "Renter", "Mobilization", and "Modernization". The context for comparison is explanation of correlation between adaptive features of Russia’s contemporary economic system and particularities of the mentioned strategies with corresponding ways of managing economic development problems. The comparison is based on description of strategies essence, ways and tools to achieve results. Perspectives of achieving strategic purposes as well as expected results of implementation of each strategy are shown. Special comparative study of four strategies on the base of development of competitive markets as one of strategic aims of the Russian government is presented.
Subjects of Modernization: The Influence of Interests Groups on Development Strategies
Authors: Tambovtsev V. , Verveda A.
Published: March 2019

Different types of interests groups which are analyzed in economics and sociology are characterized: analytical, statistical and real ones. The operational attributes of these types of groups are cosidered. The estimations for some "statistical" groups of the Russian society from the point of view of their bargaining power and capabilities to create coalitions are presented. The examples of coalitions connected with some possible reforms are given.
Overcoming Stereotypes
Authors: Yakovlev A.
Published: March 2019

Using the data of SU-HSU enterprises surveys and internal statistics of KPMG company the paper provides a non-conventional view on three economic problems which have recently been in the center of expert discussions in Russia: competitiveness of firms, corruption in the government and level of taxation. The paper argues the necessity of pragmatic approach to economic phenomena, especially under conditions of high uncertainty caused by the increasing global financial crisis.
Russian Monetary Policy: Objectives, Instruments, and Rules
Authors: Fetisov G.
Published: March 2019

The article gives full treatment to monetary policy problems which are essential for the transition of the Russian economy to innovation-based development. The necessity for achieving all monetary policy objectives, instead of reducing them to inflation targeting, is justified. Systemic and structural approach to providing promotional monetary policy is suggested. The elaborated package of monetary policy tools allows ensuring higher efficiency of innovation-based economic development. Reasons for the relevance of the Central Bank of Russia discount rate decrease are given. Some general conclusions are drawn about new experience of governmental regulation under the conditions of the world financial crisis.
Government Policy of Financial Stability
Authors: Moiseev S.
Published: March 2019

Russian government has prepared the package of measures to help the country’s financial system maintain financial stability. The paper discusses the state measures and formulates the propositions of Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP). The most important ones include coordination of regulators, unsecured refinancing and refinancing of external debts, guarantees of interbank loans, budget deposits in banks. The author analyzes subordinated loans for Russian banks from the state budget, nationalization of several banks and the future of government intervention in the stock market. Special attention is paid to the Deposit Insurance, the development of national credit rating system and the official information policy. The author believes that state measures need the following fine-tuning.
On the 2008 Economic Crisis
Authors: Popov G.
Published: March 2019

The article studies the nature of the global 2008 crisis and its factors. It considers the measures aimed at its overcoming and suggests some measures for solving global problems.
The Quality of Kazakhstan’s Economic Policy and Balance of Payments
Authors: Arystanbekov K.
Published: March 2019

Kazakhstan’s economic policy in 1996-2007, its character and the degree of responsibility, the correlation between economic development and balance of current accounts are considered in the article. Special attention is paid to the analysis of their macroeconomic efficiency. It is concluded that in conditions of high rates of economic growth in Kazahkstan in 2000-2007 the net profits of foreign investors are 10-11% of GDP every year. The tendency of negative balance of current accounts in favor of foreign investors is also analyzed.
The Agrarian Sector in a Market Economy
Authors: Isyanov R.
Published: March 2019

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Financial Crisis-2008: Entering Global Recession
Authors: Grigoriev L. , Salikhov M.
Published: March 2019

Main factors and development of the global financial crisis-2008 are generally discussed in the paper. The downturn in one of the local sectors of the US economy has caused major threats to functioning global financial markets. Structural problems of the Russian financial sector ("illusion of adequacy") have greatly enhanced negative consequences of the global crisis for the Russian economy. On the global level, main steps to minimize the costs of the crisis should deal with limiting protectionism growth, coordinating measures of economic policy and preventing a hard landing of a large group of economies.
The 2008 Crisis: “A Moment of Truth” for the Global Economy and New Opportunities for Russia
Authors: Ershov M.
Published: March 2019

Aggravation of the crisis in the western economies has led to dramatic changes in the world financial system. As a result, the regulatory approaches of major industrial countries have been significantly modified even in the spheres that were not subject to change for many years (as was the case with some segments of monetary policy). At the same time new sources of risks to be reckoned with have emerged. The forecasts of some future developments as well as suggestions about necessary steps to strengthen the Russian economy in conditions of global instability are presented.
French Regulationists on the Financial Dominance in the Modern Economy
Authors: Odintsova A.
Published: March 2019

The ongoing financial crisis has attracted economists’ attention to the problem of explaining its nature and offering ways of overcoming it. French regulationism is analyzed in the article as a school of economic thought developing its own approach to the institutional analysis of systemic qualities of the world economy. The article considers French regulationists’ views on the contemporary tendencies in the development of financial sector, on the changes in its role in the global institutional system of a modern society. It is shown how evolution of pension funds has led to prevalence of logic of the financial market in the global economic system, which resulted in the inevitability of the financial crisis.
Budget Uncertainty and Faculty Contracts: A Dynamic Framework for Comparative Analysis
Authors: Sonin K. , Khovanskaya I. , Yudkevich M.
Published: March 2019

We study hiring decisions made by competing universities in a dynamic framework, focusing on the structure of university finance. Universities with annual state-approved financing underinvest in high-quality faculty, while universities that receive a significant part of their annual income from returns on endowments hire fewer but better faculty and provide long-term contracts. If university financing is linked to the number of students, there is additional pressure to hire low-quality short-term staff. An increase in the university’s budget might force the university to switch its priorities from "research" to "teaching" in equilibrium. We employ our model to discuss the necessity for state-financed endowments, and investigate the political economics of competition between universities, path-dependence in the development of the university system, and higher-education reform in emerging market economies.
Introduction to Volume I of "Memoirs of Royal Surgical Academy" (1743)
Authors: Quesnay F.
Published: March 2019

The classical text, written by the founder of physiocracy in 1743, which is published in Russian for the first time, explicates his general scientific method in a wide perspective. Quesnay fruitfully applied his method that consisted of two interconnected elements (observation and physical experience) in metaphysics and political economy. Using this method in the "Introduction", Quesnay attempted to reveal the general scientific basis of surgery, or "art to cure", and therefore severely criticized many medical and philosophical techniques widely accepted among his contemporaries.
Ethical Principles in Russia’s Social and Economic Policy
Authors: Petrosyan D. , Fatkina N.
Published: March 2019

The role and place of the ethical approach in Russia’s social and economic policy are shown; ethical aspects of economic policy are considered; basic ethical principles which should be taken into account in the process of development of social and economic policy are offered. Ethical requirements to such basic directions of state economic policy as fiscal and price policy, labor policy, social policy, institutional policy, etc. are described.
In the Beginning of Russian Economic Science: Ivan Yakovlevich Gorlov
Authors: Belozyorov S.
Published: March 2019

The article discusses the biography and also brief results of the analysis of theoretical legacy of the well-known Russian scientist, economist, professor of the Imperial St.-Petersburg University I. Ya. Gorlov (1814-1890). Gorlov was the author of the first Russian textbook in the theory of finance. He also wrote a series of interesting papers on political economy as well as on some applied economic problems.
Risks of Foreign Financing of the Russian Economy
Authors: Borisova I. , Zamaraev B. , Kiyutsevskaya A. , Nazarova A.
Published: March 2019

The article presents a macroeconomic analysis of causes and factors of the boom in foreign financing of the Russian economy in 2006-2007. The impact of international credit crisis of the second half of 2007 on the Russian economy is analyzed. It is shown that the present levels of foreign state debt of non-financial corporations and banks is not critical, but the importance of permanent monitoring of risks of foreign financing is emphasized.
Economic Policy in 2007: Success and Risks
Authors: Mau V.
Published: March 2019

Economic growth and investment boom should not shadow the lack of institutional reforms, emerging fiscal populism as well as inefficiency of law enforcement system. The important forthcoming problem is the possibility of macroeconomic destabilization as a result of global depression. The current Russian economic policy is concentrated on stimulating economic growth (at any price) while it should now pay more attention to anti-cyclical measures. Another challenge for stability will come from inflation.
Corruption as Impediment for Country’s Modernization (Institutional Approach)
Authors: Grigoriev L. , Ovchinnikov M.
Published: March 2019

The article considers the problem of corruption as impediment for country’s modernization. Using neoinstitutional approach, the authors offer the classification of corruption in the context of private and political markets for institutions, relevant social groups and economic effects. According to the given classification they analyze the dynamics of corruption constituents depending on Russia’s development strategies and reveal the incentives of main social groups to fight corruption.
Orlov A. V., Sokolov M. S. Commerce - Trade Entrepreneurship - Intersectoral Complexes: Organization and Regulation (Russian and Foreign Experience)
Authors: Vilensky A.
Published: March 2019

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Foreign Trade Priorities
Authors: Sitaryan S. , Ivanov I.
Published: March 2019

The appeals to minimize state intervention in the Russian economy are counterproductive. However the excessive involvement of the state is fraught with the threat of building nomenclature capitalism. That is the main idea of the series of articles by prominent representatives of Russian economic thought who formulate their position on key elements of the long-term strategy of Russia’s development. The articles deal with such important issues as Russia’s economic policy, transition to knowledge-based economy, basic directions of monetary and structural policies, strengthening of property rights, development of human potential, foreign economic priorities of our state.
Strategies of Modernization, Institutions and Coalitions
Authors: Polterovich V.
Published: March 2019

The article considers alternative variants of strategy formation: "modernization from above" and an approach based on the interaction of "coalitions of interests". To use the advantages of both approaches, it is suggested that a system of interactive control of growth be designed. It should be founded on procedures of compromise making and concerted efforts of the state and "coalitions of actions" such as business and consumers’ associations and trade unions that are already partially organized in Russia. The most important goal of the system is to work out mutually consistent plans of development for different economy sectors. At the first stage, the plans have to ensure fast economic growth by adaptation of western methods and technologies and gradual improvement of institutions as well. These conclusions follow from the analysis of policies of "economic miracle" countries and the theory of reform recommendations.
Investment Process: Stock of Problems and Interests
Authors: Grigoriev L.
Published: March 2019

The article focuses on key reasons for capital formation relative lagging during the economic upturn. Still not clear property rights, the long process of formatting of the ownership, weak corporate governance have delayed the turnaround to the investment boom. The structure of economy, sales and industry profitability determines the structure of investments, but it does not lead to sufficient investments in the research sector and manufacturing. The financial sector shows high dynamics, but it can not supply enough "long" money with a huge export of capital. Capital formation has not been influenced by any investment policy. In essence it was the "Inertia" scenario which during the long crisis led to aggravating problems in the economy. These problems have not been solved in the upturn. This situation stimulates the government to use its financial resources in the context of the "Mobilization" scenario that creates more difficulties for the "Modernization" scenario.
Russia in 2007: Risks of Slowing Economic Growth against the Background of Institutional Stagnation
Authors: Freinkman L. , Dashkeev V.
Published: March 2019

Russia’s institutional development is characterized by negative dynamics of business environment indicators and positive dynamics of investment and credit risk indicators. Reforms for which the state is responsible (legal reform, enforcement, regulation, public goods) are stagnating. In 2000-2007 the progress in developing basic market institutions (property rights, shareholders’ rights, land and real estate markets, state property management, bankruptcy and creditors rights) compared with other emerging markets was insufficient. The analysis suggests that legal and regulative support of economic institutions’ development is inadequate. Legislation chronically lags behind economic reality.
The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007
Authors: Sorokin D.
Published: March 2019

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.
Analysis of Economic Activity: The Approaches of Social Psychology
Authors: Surkov S.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the description and analysis of the results of empirical research of economic activity, based upon methods of social psychology. The author introduces and employs such concepts as household efficiency, return on organization, etc., and considers the interconnections between the parameters of economic activity and social-psychological characteristics of individuals and households. Such a technique helps to take into account social-psychological factors of economic activity and forecast different economic phenomena.
The Power – Property System in Contemporary Russia
Authors: Pliskevich N.
Published: March 2019

The author considers the present situation in Russia as an intermediate period of the complicated and contradictory process of the power&mdash property mutations. This process includes liberal modernization as well as path-dependent institutional and socio-cultural problems. The article presents a model embracing interactions of some balanced and diversed economic, social, legal, and cultural vectors of development.
On Taxes, Wages, and Economic Growth
Authors: Abramov M.
Published: March 2019

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Kleiner G. B. Enterprise Strategy
Authors: Gurkov I.
Published: March 2019

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Kogan A. M. Macroregulation of Highly Developed Market: “Invisible Hand”, Competition, System Requirements
Authors: Sorokin D.
Published: March 2019

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Ethnometric Approaches to the Analysis of Economic and Cultural Values
Authors: Latova N. , Latov Yu.
Published: March 2019

The success of the market modernization of Russia depends in many ways on similarity of the Russian economic mentality and the European one. To estimate a degree of similarity of the former with the mentality of citizens of Western and Eastern countries, it is suggested that the techniques of a quantitative estimation and the analysis of national economic mentality - ethnometric methods - should be used. The authors analyze four most popular ethnometric techniques - G. Hofstede’s, the project GLOBE, the project WVS and F. Trompenaars’. The most important parameters of national economic mentality are considered to be the indexes of individualism and hierarchy (power distance). According to the WVS results, Russia belongs to the East; according to G. Hofstede’s technique, Russia occupies an intermediate position between the East and the West; GLOBE and F. Trompenaars give inconsistent results.
A. K. Storch - the First Russian Academician in the Field of Political Economy and Statistics
Authors: Yakutin Yu.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes the views of one of the first prominent Russian economists of the 19th century, the author of the influential book on political economy - A. K. Storch. The scientist’s intellectual biography and his major contributions in the context of his epoch and contemporary theory are described. The author proves some of Storch’s theoretical and practical ideas to be relevant today.
The Logic of G. Ya. Sokolnikov’s Economic Views (To the 120th Birth Anniversary)
Authors: Voeikov M.
Published: March 2019

The article is devoted to the scientific legacy of well-known Soviet economist and politician G. Ya. Sokolnikov, an architect of the Soviet financial reform of 1922-1924. His theoretical position is analyzed not only with respect to optimal budget and monetary policy, but also regarding his opinion on the problems of foreign trade, tax reform etc. The author shows that Sokolnikov’s economic views were both original and fruitful.
Social Inequality and Public Policy / Editorial Board: Medvedev V. A. (executive Editor), Gorshkov M. K., Krasin Yu. A.
Authors: Gontmakher E.
Published: March 2019

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Theoretical and Empirical Research in Modern Economics: Problems of Communication
Authors: Libman A.
Published: March 2019

The last decades witnessed the increasing importance of econometric methods and empirical research in economics. The success of the empirical turn in economics depends on the formats and problems of communication between theory and empirics. The paper considers potential difficulties in communication "from the theory to empirical research" and "from empirical research to theory". It analyzes the role of informal consensus as an instrument facilitating such communication and potential impact of this consensus on the direction of research.
To the Dispute about the Method: Poverty Research or Poverty of Research? (On the Paper by M. Lokshin “Does Poverty Research in Russia Follow the Scientific Method?”)
Authors: Kleiner G.
Published: March 2019

The paper prepared in connection with the publication of the article by M. Lokshin discusses some central issues of the methodology, technique and interpretation of results of economic research. Structuring the corpus of studies is offered depending on the degree of using empirical, phenomenological and theoretical knowledge of the investigated phenomenon. On the basis of the analysis of typical processes of modeling socio-economic phenomena the conclusion is made about the significant influence of subjective and tool assumptions on the results of modeling that complicates their simple interpretation. The necessity of publishing the full spectrum of scientific articles - from critical reviews and essays to empirical calculations - in each field of research including poverty studies is grounded.
Diversification of Rural Families Income and Alternative Employment: The Results of Survey
Authors: Serova E. , Lerman Z. , Zvyagintsev D.
Published: March 2019

The results of a rural survey in two Russian regions demonstrate that agriculture is no longer the main source of income for rural families. They are diversifiers, earning non-agricultural income through both non-agricultural wage employment and non-farm self-employment. The rural population is risk-averse, preferring relative security of wage employment to individual entrepreneurship. Although all respondents would like to earn more, they are reluctant to consider the option of changing their place of work and are afraid of losing their current job. It may be difficult for new profit-oriented employers to offer equitable solutions to all segments of the rural population without properly designed government support programs which furthermore should be targeted at the labor force of the future, i.e., the Russian youth.
Analysis of Student Employment in the Context of Russian Labor Market
Authors: Apokin A. , Yudkevich M.
Published: March 2019

The paper provides an explanation for widespread student employment in Russia. The main difference between Russia and Western countries is considered to be the following: student employment during the period of studying is widely used as a signal about the quality of human capital for the future employer. The authors show that in Russia more productive students start working earlier and employment is more often connected with the future profession than in the Western countries. They suggest that the system of communication between education structures and employers should be established in order to inform the latter about the quality and features of education acquired.
Faminsky I. P. World Economy: Dynamics, Production Structure, World Commodity Markets (The Second Half of the XX - the Beginning of the XXI Century)
Authors: Osmova M. , Belova L.
Published: March 2019

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Economic Growth and Corporate Governance
Authors: Zhukov A.
Published: March 2019

Having noted the achievements in social and economic development of the country as well as the improvement of investment climate, the author analyzes the experience of corporate governance. The RF government trying to rise the efficiency of the corporate sector hardens the requirements to information disclosure, perfection of legal regulation of affiliate entities, strengthening the responsibility of board of directors members for causing damage to shareholders.
A New Dimension of Inflation
Authors: Evstigneeva L. , Evstigneev R.
Published: March 2019

The article attempts theoretical rethinking of the inflation phenomenon. The economists have got accustomed to discuss "monetary vs. non-monetary nature of inflation", though such an approach poorly corresponds with present-day realities. Therefore the authors use the methodology of economic synergetics in their study of inflation. They reveal complicated correlations between such functions of money as a cost equivalent, a form of cost, and a reproduction model. The analysis leads to a model of an inflationary market mechanism that allows to compensate the growing capital intensity of national income by a market expansion and thus to maintain a financial stability in the economy.
The Problem of Identifying and Modeling the Relationship between Monetary Factor and Inflation in the Russian Economy
Authors: Porshakov A. , Ponomarenko A.
Published: March 2019

The role of monetary factor in generating inflationary processes in Russia has stimulated various debates in social and scientific circles for a relatively long time. The authors show that identification of the specificity of relationship between money and inflation requires a complex approach based on statistical modeling and involving a wide range of indicators relevant for the price changes in the economy. As a result a model of inflation for Russia implying the decomposition of inflation dynamics into demand-side and supply-side factors is suggested. The main conclusion drawn is that during the recent years the volume of inflationary pressures in the Russian economy has been determined by the deviation of money supply from money demand, rather than by money supply alone. At the same time, monetary factor has a long-run spread over time impact on inflation.
The Institution of Contractual Relations at the Government Market for Goods and Services
Authors: Smotritskaya I. , Chernykh S.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes the process of forming contractual relations at the government market for goods and services in Russia. The authors explore problems and identify up-to-date tasks of evolving market institution of governmental contractual works, defining reformation of the existing institutional system of public purchases as the top priority. They draw a conclusion that Russia needs an entire contracting system in the sphere of government purchases.
Russia’s Development Strategy: Guidelines and Restrictions
Authors: Senchagov V.
Published: March 2019

The core of Russia’s long-term socio-economic development strategy is represented by its conceptual basis. Having considered debating points about the essence and priority of the strategy, the author analyzes the logic and stages of its development as well as possibilities, restrictions and risks of high GDP rates of growth.
“Conception of Development-2020”: Medium-term Tactics for Long-term Strategy?
Authors: Grebnev L.
Published: March 2019

The article analyzes "Conception of Long-term Socio-economic Development of Russian Federation" designed by RSPP (Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs). The time period up to 2020 is considered to be medium-term. The author argues that if one takes into account the perspectives of Russian socio-economic development, then the main points of departure for the "Conception…" are to be determined in the light of long-term (50 years or more) vision of cultural, demographic and ecological challenges. The author proposes measures to overcome mutual distrust in the hierarchy of power which is traditional for Russian management culture by suggesting that the potential of judicial and economic principles of the new "mother’s capital" institution be developed.