bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KEPERLUAN, KEGUNAAN DAN KEPUASAN PORTAL BERITA DALAM KALANGAN REMAJA KADAZANDUSUN DI SABAH
Authors: MERI AISAH , LEE KUOK TIUNG , MOHD YUSOFF SITI NURBAYU , MODILI CYRIL
Published: March 2022

Pola penggunaan portal berita dalam kalangan remaja di Sabah merupakan sesuatu yang menarik untuk diselidiki memandangkan industri portal berita yang kian berkembang. Kajian ini mempersembahkan pola kegunaan dan kepuasan portal berita daripada tinjauan ke atas 300 orang remaja Kadazandusun Sabah yang berpandukan kepada Teori Kegunaan dan Kepuasan (U&G). Hasil dapatan kajian mendapati keperluan kognitif, keperluan penyepaduan diri dan keperluan penyepaduan sosial merupakan keperluan utama penggunaan portal berita dalam kalangan remaja Kadazandusun. Data juga menunjukkan remaja Kadazandusun kerap menggunakan portal berita untuk tujuan pembelajaran, pencarian maklumat dan hiburan. Sementara itu, kepuasan yang paling tinggi diperoleh remaja ini adalah mudah, interaktiviti dan pengawasan. Kajian mendapati bahawa dalam fenomena kaya media pada hari ini, portal berita sentiasa memainkan peranan penting dan diterima dengan baik dalam kalangan remaja Kadazandusun di Sabah khususnya.
 
Pattern on news portal usage among Kadazandusun teenagers in Sabah is an intriguing subject to study as the news portal industries in Sabah itself has tremendously bloomed. This study present finding from survey of 300 Kadazandusun teenagers in Sabah based on uses and gratification theory (U&G). The findings found that cognitive needs, social integrative needs and personal integrative needs are the most important in news portal usage among Kadazandusun teenagers. In addition, data suggest that news portal are used primarily as learning, information searching and entertainment. Meanwhile, the highest gratification derived are easy, interactivity and surveillance. This study concludes that in a media rich environment, the news portal has kept its functional role and well accepted among Kadazandusun teenagers in Sabah.
A FACTOR ANALYSIS OF MALAYSIAN YOUTH LIFESTYLE DOMAIN
Authors: CHE CHING LAI , HASAN HAMISAH , SAMSUDDIN JAMALI
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to validate the 15 items that were newly developed to measure youth lifestyle within the context of Malaysian society. It is indeed essential to examine the relevancy of the items from the scope of the Malaysian culture since most of the tools in measuring lifestyle originated from outside the context of Malaysian society. An exploratory factor analysis was applied in order to generate simpler and more explicitly defined constructs to classify the lifestyles of youth based on Malaysian respondents. The result shows that there were only 9 items of the scale used to measure youth lifestyle in Malaysia.  The 6 items that were initially used were dropped from the total items due to the lower than expected score for communalities. There were five proposed initial domains which were reduced to three domains. The justification of the new dimensions and implications of the findings are discussed.
ADAT KEMATIAN DALAM KALANGAN KUMPULAN ETNIK BAJAU LAUT DI KAMPUNG BANGAU-BANGAU, SEMPORNA, SABAH
Authors: MOKHTAR ROZALIAH
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK Komuniti Bajau Laut adalah rumpun peribumi yang mendiami beberapa kawasan di Asia Tenggara. Sebahagian besar etnik Bajau Laut masih mengamalkan adat tradisional dalam sistem sosial mereka. Artikel ini akan melihat perubahan yang telah berlaku dalam adat kematian etnik Bajau Laut. Antara persoalan kajian yang dikemukakan adalah sejauhmana perubahan dalam adat kematian etnik Bajau Laut dan kedua, melihat faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan. Artikel ini menggunakan analisis data berbentuk kualitatif. Hasil daripada penyelidikan ini menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perubahan dalam adat namun terdapat sebahagian kecil daripada mereka masih berpegang dengan adat nenek moyang. Hal ini terbukti berdasarkan ukiran batu nisan dan replika yang ditempatkan di kawasan perkuburan.
 
ABSTRACT Bajau Laut community is an indigenous group that inhabits several areas in Southeast Asia. The Bajau Laut community is an ethnic group that most still practice traditional customs in their social system. Therefore, this paper looks at the extent to which changes have taken place in the Bajau Laut ethnic death customs. Among the research questions posed are the extent of changes in the customs of the death of the Bajau Laut ethnic group, secondly look at what factors influence the change. This paper uses qualitative data analysis. The results of this research show that there are changes in customs but there is a small part of them still adhere to ancestral customs. This is evidenced by the tombstones and replicas carved in the cemetery.
ISU PENYELUDUPAN DI PULAU SEBATIK, MALAYSIA
Authors: WAN HASSAN WAN SHAWALUDDIN , MARAINING AMRULLAH , DOLLAH RAMLI
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK Makalah ini membincangkan penyeludupan yang berlaku di Pulau Sebatik, sebuah pulau yang dikongsi bersama oleh Malaysia-Indonesia. Tumpuan diberikan kepada penyeludupan dadah, senjata dan teroris serta pemerdagangan manusia dan pendatang tanpa izin (PTI) yang berlaku di pulau tersebut. Kedudukan Pulau Sebatik yang sangat ideal membolehkan penyeludupan dilakukan oleh pihak sindiket mahupun individu serta ditambah lagi dengan beberapa faktor seperti rasuah, kurangnya kawalan pihak keselamatan Malaysia, jaringan sosial serta kejauhan jarak antara Pulau Sebatik (Indonesia)-Jakarta. Dengan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif, data diperoleh melalui temu bual dan pemerhatian di lapangan serta rujukan buku, tesis, artikel jurnal, akhbar di samping laman web agensi kerajaan. Dapatan kajian mendapati dadah yang di seludup melalui Pulau Sebatik hanya sekitar 10 peratus sahaja, namun kemudiannya disebarkan sehingga ke Sulawesi Selatan. Pulau ini digunakan sebagai laluan bagi aktiviti kumpulan radikal di Indonesia mendapatkan latihan serta menyokong pihak yang tertindas di selatan Filipina di samping menyeludup senjata dari selatan Filipina ke Indonesia; dan sindiket pemerdagangan orang dan PTI mengambil peluang kerana menyedari ramai rakyat dari Indonesia yang mahu masuk ke Sabah untuk bekerja.
 
ABSTRACT This paper discusses smuggling activities taking place on Sebatik Island, an island that is shared by Malaysia-Indonesia. The focus is on drug smuggling, weapons smuggling and its links to terrorists organisations/cells, as well as human trafficking in which the Indonesian-migration border has been described as largest clandestine migrant flows in the world. The island’s geographic position compounded by corruption, lack of control by Malaysian security, social network and Sebatik (Indonesia)-Jakarta distance, makes it ideal for smuggling syndicates and individuals. The findings were found by using qualitative methods with data obtained through interviews, field observations as well as books, theses, journal articles, newspapers as well as government agency websites. The results of the study found that drugs through Sebatik were only 10 per cent but it was then spread all the way to South Sulawesi; radical groups in Indonesia use Sebatik to obtain training and provide support to those oppressed in the southern Philippines while at the same time, weapons are being smuggled from the Philippines to Indonesia; and human trafficking syndicates prey on Indonesians who are desperate for job opportunities in Malaysia. These criminal activities of smugglers clearly undermine the capacity of states to safeguard their own sovereignty.
Knollen verdienen Aufmerksamkeit
Authors: Behme Dagmar
Published: March 2022

Ein Frische-Seminar widmet sich im Februar der Kartoffel. Statt in Präsenz findet es im mittlerweile vertrauten Online-Format statt. In 90 Minuten kommen alle Fragen zur Kartoffelqualität zur Sprache.
Syngenta öffnet den Werkzeugkoffer
Authors: Schaal René
Published: March 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Auf ihrer Frühjahrspressekonferenz präsentierten die Syngenta-Geschäftsbereiche Agro und Seeds die Produkte und Dienstleistungen, die sie in diesem Jahr auf den Markt bringen wollen.
Neue Rapsernte dringend gebraucht
Authors: Behme Dagmar
Published: March 2022

Frankfurt a.M. Raps ist äußerst knapp. Auch die neue Ernte ab dem Sommer kann den Markt nur etwas entlasten. Die Ausfälle in der Ukraine fallen zu stark ins Gewicht.
A PERCEPÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO SOBRE A GINÁSTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR
Authors: Murbach Marina Aggio , Lima Letícia Bartholomeu de Queiroz , Paiva Ana Clara de Souza , Impolcetto Fernanda Moreto , Schiavon Laurita Marconi
Published: March 2022

Durante mais de 20 anos, pesquisas apontaram para um distanciamento da Ginástica na Educação Física escolar (EFE). A presente pesquisa objetivou analisar como ocorrem hoje, depois dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e do Currículo do Estado de São Paulo, as experiências com conteúdos gímnicos nas aulas de EFE no Ensino Fundamental e Médio das escolas estaduais em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo, a partir da perspectiva dos alunos. Para tanto, aplicou-se um questionário para 97 escolares do 3º ano do Ensino Médio, oriundos de 11 escolas da cidade. Os resultados encontrados corroboram as atuais pesquisas que mostram que a Ginástica, timidamente, está sendo inserida no ambiente escolar. Indicam ainda que, apesar de a falta dos materiais ser uma das justificativas para o não ensino da Ginástica, cabe ao professor, figura imprescindível no processo, propiciar o contato com a modalidade para que os alunos tenham apreço a ela.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR NA REDE FEDERAL EM TEMPOS PÓS-PÂNDEMICOS E DE REFORMAS NEOLIBERAIS
Authors: Maldonado Daniel Teixeira , Kawashima Larissa Beraldo
Published: March 2022

Este texto tem o objetivo de analisar experiências político-pedagógicas realizadas nas aulas de Educação Física Escolar durante a pandemia e reformas educativas neoliberais em escolas da rede federal, na perspectiva de refletir sobre o que podemos aprender com esses projetos educativos ao final desse momento de ensino remoto emergencial e Ensino Médio reformado. Foram selecionados 15 textos publicados no ano de 2021, para a análise temática, que foram divididos em três temas: problematização da saúde de forma ampliada; diversidade cultural das práticas corporais; e tematização de diversificadas manifestações da cultura corporal com múltiplas atividades de ensino. As experiências destacadas indicaram avanços em relação ao ensino do componente curricular, evidenciando a superação não apenas dos conhecimentos centrados no “saber fazer”, mas apontando para o aprofundamento da relação entre as práticas corporais e os temas de relevância social. Defendemos essa realidade como função social do componente curricular no pós-pandemia.
A DANÇA COMO CONTEÚDO DA EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Kawashima Larissa Beraldo , Alexandre Marcelo Gomes , Godoi Marcos Roberto , Barbosa Elisangela Almeida
Published: March 2022

Este texto tem por objetivo apresentar e descrever uma experiência com o ensino remoto da Dança nas aulas de Educação Física com turmas do Ensino Médio integrado durante o contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. A apresentação da experiência seguiu os caminhos percorridos na sequência pedagógica construída, sendo estruturada a partir da elaboração coletiva do plano de ensino/aula entre os professores das turmas envolvidas e o desenvolvimento dos conteúdos durante as aulas. Os conteúdos selecionados estavam relacionados ao ensino da dança, como conceito de ritmo e dança, classificações segundo construção histórica e os preconceitos relacionados às danças. Encontramos estratégias que permitiram desenvolver o conteúdo durante as aulas propostas, de forma que os alunos pudessem conhecer e vivenciar algumas danças, mesmo que através de acesso e produção de vídeos, exigindo pesquisa e dinamicidade de nós, professores, para promover um encontro entre as linguagens utilizadas (corporal, visual, midiática) e os interesses dos alunos.
ԲՈՒՀԵՐԻ ՄԱՐԴԿԱՅԻՆ ՌԵՍՈՒՐՍՆԵՐԻ ԳՈՐԾՈՒՆԵՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԱՌԱՆՑՔԱՅԻՆ ՑՈՒՑԱՆԻՇՆԵՐԻ ՏԵՍԱԿՆԵՐԸ / TYPES OF KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF HUMAN RESOURCES OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: SHAHINYAN ANI
Published: March 2022

The current article discusses the main types of key performance
indicators (KPIs) of human resources (HR) of higher education institutions
(HEIs). KPIs defined for the evaluation of HEIs' HR performance can help
HEIs to identify and indicate the current and potential problems relating their
HR activities and to provide timely and targeted solutions to them. The
selection of specific types of KPIs should derive from the peculiarities and
strategies of HEIs.
Based on the results of literature review and research of different
performance measurement tools, specific types and respective examples of
HR KPIs have also been provided in the article, which can guide HEIs
(including HEIs of the Republic of Armenia) to (re)elaborate and improve their
HR performance evaluation processes.
РОЛЬ ВНЕШНИХ ОБЪЕКТИВНЫХ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ФАКТОРОВ В РАЗВИТИИ ВИКТИМНОСТИ ЛИЧНОСТИ / THE ROLE OF EXTERNAL OBJECTIVE AND SOCIAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL VICTIMNESS
Authors: ARAKELYAN KNARIK
Published: March 2022

In the modern world, in the process of complex functioning and vital
activity of a person and society, various life conditions increasingly arise, in
particular, difficult life situations which have a crisis or traumatic, including
victimogenic character for the people who find themselves in them. An
analysis scientific literature shows that the risk factors that contribute
individual to become a victim in victimogenic situations can be different.
In this article, the author examines fairly widely studied objective factors
that in one way or another can lead to further victimization of the individual in
specific victimogenic situations. Particularly, environmental factors and
factors of the social environment that do not depend on the individual: such
as natural - climatic conditions, disasters and macro - social determinants -
society and the state.
Enero-marzo
Authors: El Editor
Published: March 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 42, No. 461, 1987: 261-264.
The prediction of pulmonary arterial hypertension documented by echocardiography in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy at Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital
Authors:   , Naidoo Krinesh
Published: March 2022

Background: Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) is a primary myocardial disease of unknown cause characterized by left ventricular or biventricular dilatation and impaired myocardial contractility. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) is the second commonest cause of heart failure in Africa. Some patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy present with significant pulmonary hypertension (PHT) which maybe out of keeping with the usual degree of PHT seen in patients with this disorder. Methods and Material: This is a prospective and longitudinal follow-up study of 66 patients with IDC who were evaluated after satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The clinical evaluation of each patient included a complete medical history, physical examination, 12 lead electrocardiogram, 2D-echocardiography, continuous wave (CW), pulsed wave (PW), and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI). Results: The mean age of all patients was 48.5 ± 12.8, with 39/66 (59.1%) patients being male. The prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was documented in 47 patients (71.2%, 95% CI: 59 - 83%). Mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 25.3 ± 8.8%, and mean left atrial volume index (LA volume) was 44.5±19.8 ml/m2. Mitral regurgitation (MR) occurred in 56/66 (84.8%) of patients with moderate or severe MR detected in 60.6% of all cases of IDC. The presence of a tricuspid regurgitant jet was found in 56/66 (84.9%), with (95% CI: 75 -93%). Right ventricular dilatation was found in 65/66 (98.5%), with (95% CI: 95 - 101%). ii Age, LA volume, LVEF and MR were included into a multivariate logistic regression model to predict PAH. Only MR presence was independently associated with PAH adjusted (OR 6.02, 95% CI: 1.15- 31.47) (p= 0.03). Conclusion: The study has shown that there is a significant prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), right heart involvement and tricuspid regurgitant jet in IDC patients. The present study also showed that in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, the degree of mitral regurgitation was a good predictor of PAH.
A homoeopathic drug proving of Acridotheres tristis
Authors:   , Hoosen Asima Goolam
Published: March 2022

Introduction The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Acridotheres tristis 30CH on healthy volunteers (provers) and to record the clearly observable signs and symptoms produced, so that Acridotheres tristis 30CH may be prescribed according to the Law of Similars, as required by homoeopathy. Methodology The proving of Acridotheres tristis took the form of a randomised, placebocontrolled trial on 30 healthy volunteers who met inclusion criteria. The 30th centesimal potency of the tail feather was administered as lactose powders and fifty percent of provers were randomly administered an identical placebo-control substance. The collection of the data from the provers took the form of a journal in which each prover‟s symptoms were recorded for six weeks, including a one-week observation period prior to taking the powders, and a proving period of five weeks after administration of powders. On completion of the proving, each journal was assessed by the researcher to determine the suitability of the recorded symptoms for inclusion in the materia medica of Acridotheres tristis. These symptoms were then translated into the language of the materia medica and repertory and the remedy picture then formulated. Data from case histories, physical examinations and group discussions were also taken into account during the analysis of the proving symptoms. Results The homoeopathic drug proving of Acridotheres tristis, conducted as a doubleiii blind, randomised and placebo-controlled study produced a wide range of symptoms. In the collated edited data arising from the proving 396 journal entries were extracted and 595 rubrics in total were formulated, of which 56 rubrics were new. The main symptoms belonging to the mental and emotional spheres of this remedy include depression, anxiety, memory weakness and isolation accompanied by a need for solitude. The characteristic physical symptoms include headaches, dizziness, extreme fatigue, skin eruptions especially pimples and rashes, haemorrhoids, numbness and severe dysmenorrhoea. Other symptoms indicate a possible use in the treatment of gastro-intestinal complaints which include nausea, abdominal cramps, abdominal distention and heartburn. Conclusion The investigation supported the hypothesis that Acridotheres tristis would produce clearly observable signs and symptoms in healthy volunteers. It is essential that the proving symptoms be verified and expanded through clinical trials and further provings of Acridotheres tristis in various potencies, so that it becomes well-utilized remedy in the future.
The effect of Kinesioª tape on quadriceps muscle power output, length/tension, and hip and knee range of motion in asymptomatic cyclists
Authors:   , Nelson Dani Keren
Published: March 2022

Background: As Kinesio® tape may increase range of motion, facilitate muscle function, enhance circulation, and normalize muscle length/tension ratios creating optimal force, use of this athletic tape has gained popularity in various sporting disciplines. Cycling is a highly competitive sport that continually seeks ways of improving performance. There are, however, no controlled, published studies examining the effects of Kinesio® tape on a cyclist‟s performance. Objectives: To determine the participants‟ power output, bicycle speed, and cadence, quadriceps length/tension, and hip and knee flexion and extension range of motion in terms of the objective findings without the use of Kinesio® tape and then following the application of Kinesio® tape to the quadriceps muscles. To determine the participants‟ perception of a change in their power output, speed, and cadence post- intervention. Method: Forty asymptomatic trained amateur cyclists performed two 1.5 km time trials pre- and post- Kinesio® tape application. The pre- and post- intervention range of motion measurements and the average and maximum power output (watts), cadence (rpm), and speed (km/h) were measured using a universal goniometer and cycle ergometer respectively. The participants‟ perception of a change in power, cadence, and speed following the application of Kinesio® tape was also recorded. SPSS version 18 (SPSS Inc.) was used to analyse the data. Results: There was a significant decrease in maximum power (p = 0.007) post- intervention, but no significant differences in the average power, or average and maximum speed and cadence measurements. Range of motion measurements post- intervention showed a significant flexion (p < 0.021). The majority of the participants (60%) perceived an increase in power and speed post- intervention. Conclusions: There was a visual trend showing an increase in most of the power, speed, and cadence parameters assessed. The range of motion parameters revealed conflicting results and warrant further research
A study to explore the perceptions that South African chiropractors have regarding the perceived role and impact of research within the profession
Authors:   , Gordon Julani
Published: March 2022

The Chiropractic profession has made significant progress with regard to the production of high quality and clinically relevant research in the last 20 years. This correlates with a spike in development within the chiropractic profession as well as its acceptance by the medical fraternity and public. The responsibility for continuing this positive trend is dependent on the chiropractic graduates and practitioners of the future. Therefore, it is important to establish the current perceptions and utilization of research by Chiropractors, so that future research can be built around the needs and requirements of today’s practitioners, thereby ensuring the profession’s continued development and future in health care. The aim of this study was to determine the perceptions that Chiropractors have of research and its relevance / utilization in practice. Method: The study was a quantitative questionnaire based, self administered survey. The sample group included all Chiropractic practitioners currently practising in South Africa (N=515). Results: There was a response rate of 35% (n=174). The results indicated that the perception of research was very positive overall, with the strongest positive response being that research adds credibility to the profession. However, most respondents disagreed with the statement that chiropractors who had done research had an advantage above those who had not. There was a positive, albeit weak correlation between perceptions and utilization of research, indicating that as perceptions increased, so did utilization of research. The area of greatest concern was that even though a high degree of research utilization was reported by chiropractors, research was least likely to be used to change conditions, policies or practices in practice. v Conclusion: The most significant factors associated with positive perceptions and utilization were found to be publishing in a journal and receiving referrals from other health care practitioners. Chiropractors who indicated an interest in doing research again were also very positively linked to utilization. It would seem that even though chiropractors perceive research positively, their implementation into practice has some hurdles that impede the full integration of research into practice. As very few demographic and personal attributes of the South African chiropractor were found to be primarily responsible for low utilization of research in practice, it can be hypothesised that the factors impeding research implementation are most likely environmental in nature.
Sports Related Injuries and Suggested Treatments: A Research Synthesis
Authors: Feng Harry
Published: March 2022

In this study, I reviewed scholarly research articles on sports related injuries and selected 19 represented articles to review and analyze. Through analysis I realized that there are typically two types of treatment, noninvasive/nonoperative and invasive/operative. There are other types of treatment such as the use of corticosteroid injections, and dietary suggestions such as sticking to an omega 3 diet and doing yoga (these two are not very popular). Through this review, I learned that physicians mainly treat sports-related injuries based on the patient’s age, ability to recover and type of injury.
Price transmission in milk supply chain in Ukraine
Authors: Onegina Viktoriya , Megits Nikolay , Kravchenko Olha , Kravchenko Yuliia
Published: March 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the study, which results are submitted in the article, is to analyze the vertical price transmission along the milk supply chain in Ukraine and identify whether this price transmission is symmetric or asymmetric in terms of direction, magnitude, speed.

Methodology / approach. To achieve the purpose of the study, we used the following research methods: logical operations (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) – to determine the structure of the milk supply chain, to make conclusions about main findings; the correlation analysis – to identify the tightness of links between farm’, processors’ and retailers’ prices; the trend modelling – to build the functions of the trend of prices of different levels of the milk supply chain; the regression modelling – to construct the regression functions of prices of downstream sectors of the milk supply chain; graphic – for visual presentation of main tendencies, pricing and price dynamics in the milk supply chain. The research was performed on the basis of the statistical data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine for 2013–2020.

Results. This paper presents the empirical evidence of asymmetric price transmission along the milk supply chain in Ukraine. The results of modelling proved asymmetric magnitudes of price growth at the organizational and technological stages of the milk supply chain: in the case of the farm prices of raw milk increase the processors’ and retailers’ prices grow up by a much bigger magnitude. There is no leg in price transmission in the milk supply chain, the price shocks at the farm level instantly pass to processors’ and retailers’ prices. The evidence of asymmetry of price transmission testifies the weaknesses of the market positions of farmers and consumers in the milk supply chain in Ukraine, points out the threats for the food security and sustainable development of all agents of this chain.

Originality / scientific novelty. For the first time, the quantitative assessments of the magnitude and speed of the price changes in the process of price transmission in the milk supply chain in Ukraine were obtained. The asymmetry of the magnitudes of the vertical price transmission in the milk supply chain in Ukraine was identified. The hostage position of farmers in the case of price shocks was further proved.

Practical value / implications. This paper provides a better understanding of arrangements of market forces in the milk supply chain, the consequences of price chocks in the upstream sector of the milk supply chain. The practical value is the methodological and empirical support for the development of regulative measures to improve the milk supply chain’s functioning and sustain food security. Assessment and analysis of the mechanism of price transmission reveals the weak parts of the food supply chain, contributing to the scientific foundation of elaborating the necessary policy actions for harmonization of relations between producers of different stages of the milk chain.
Financial deepening and sectoral performance in emerging markets: evidence from the Nigerian agricultural and manufacturing sectors
Authors: Tabash Mosab I. , Afolabi Babatunde , Adelakun Johnson , Astuwa Ruth
Published: March 2022

Purpose. The formal sector in Nigeria has experienced some transformation in the last 20 years. This has led to advancement and deepening of sector. Despite the progression achieved in financial sector, it has not yielded the desired impacts on the economy as experienced in other emerging economies. Hence, this research assessed the advantageous effects of financial deepening on sectoral advancement in Nigeria.

Methodology / approach. The research used the proxies of broad money (M2) to GDP ratio, and the ratio of credits to private sector to GDP for financial deepening. The data regarding time series were retrieved from Thomson Reuters DataStream and Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test and Johansen co integration approaches used for the long-oriented effects and Error Correction approach for short orientation estimation.

Results. The impact of financial deepening was positive and statistically significant in explaining agricultural growth, but the performance of the manufacturing sector was not significantly impacted in the reviewed period, hence government should make efforts to reduce the interest rate on loan bestowed to the private sector.

Originality / scientific novelty. The variables assortments have never been describing in the literature. Particularly, this study considers financial deepening as a significant determinant of sectoral development in the Nigerian context.

Practical value / implications. According to the results of the study, it is recommended to increase credits to the manufacturing sector through specialized banks and ensures the growth of the financial industry in terms of provision of quality financial instruments, sound financial and money markets, and transparent legislation for healthy competition in the industry for better sectoral performance.
Cotylorhiza tuberculata (Macri, 1778)’nın Ocaklar Koyu’nda (Marmara Denizi, Türkiye) Dağılımı
Authors: KALE Semih , ACARLI Deniz
Published: March 2022

Marmara Denizi’nin güneyinde Ocaklar Koyu kıyılarında Ekim 2021 ayında gerçekleştirilen sualtı gözlemleri sırasında üç farklı denizanası türü tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar Cotylorhiza tuberculata (Macri, 1778), Aurelia aurita (Linnaeus, 1758) ve Beroe ovata (Bruguière, 1789)’dır. Bu çalışmada genellikle Akdeniz’de yayılım göstermesine rağmen Marmara Denizi’nin güney kıyılarında daha önce hiç gözlenmeyen C. tuberculata türüne ait iki birey görülmüştür. Bireylerin şemsiye çapı sırasıyla 25 ve 38 cm olarak hesaplanmıştır. Mevcut çalışma C. tuberculata türünün Marmara Denizi’nin güney kıyılarında ilk kez bulunuşunu rapor etmekte olup Marmara Denizi için yeni bir dağılım/yayılım alanı bildirmektedir. Ayrıca, bu çalışmanın Marmara Denizi ekosistemindeki denizel türlerin biyolojik çeşitliliği ve alansal dağılımı üzerine önemli katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Pandemi (COVID-19)'nin dünya su ürünleri sektörü üzerine etkilerinin SWOT analizi yaklaşımı ile değerlendirilmesi
Authors: KAYA Hüseyin Barış , CAN Mehmet Fatih
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada 2019-Aralık itibariyle dünyayı etkisi altına almaya başlayan pandeminin dünya su ürünleri sektörüne etkileri SWOT analizi (fırsatlar, faydalar ve tehditler) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu konuda daha önce yapılan çalışmalar belirli anahtar kelimeler (COVID-19, pandemic, coronavirus, fishing, fisheries) kullanılarak taranmış ve toplam 33 çalışma listelenmiştir. Daha önceki çalışmalar FAO tarafından belirlenen alt alanlara (kıtalara) göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Pandeminin sektör üzerindeki etkileri kıtalara göre belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Buna göre küresel ölçekteki tehditlerin; arz-talep dengesizlikleri, restoranların kapanması, depolama yetersizlikleri, plastik kirliliği, sınırların kapanması, yasadışı balıkçılık, sektördeki eşitsizlikler ve sokağa çıkma kısıtlamaları olduğu tespit edildi. Fırsatların; yeni tedarik zincirlerinin oluşturulması, sağlık üzerinde olumlu etkisi olan su ürünleri konusunda farkındalığın artırılması, arz-talep dengesinin oluşturulması, balıkçılara sokağa çıkma kısıtlamalarında çalışma izni verilmesi, pandemi gibi olağanüstü durumlarda kullanılmak üzere kaynak tahsisi, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinin geliştirilmesi, ithalat-ihracatın sürekliliği için tedbir alınması, küçük çaplı balıkçılık gibi hassas sektör çalışanlarına ekonomik yardım paketlerinin sağlanması, sektördeki cinsiyetçi anlayışın sınırlandırılarak kadınlara daha fazla fırsat verilmesi ve yasadışı balıkçılığın önlenmesi için kıyı ülkeleri ile iş birliği yapılması olduğu belirlendi. Faydaların ise; kısa vadede aşırı avlanmanın önlenmesi, balık stoklarının korunması, su ekosisteminde endüstriyel kirliliğin azaltılması, küçük yerleşim yerlerinde ekosistem temelli balıkçılık yaklaşımının benimsenmesi ve rekreasyonel balıkçılığın artması olduğu tespit edildi. Bu analiz sonucunda pandeminin olumsuz etkilerini çözmek için doğru ve adil uluslararası iş birlikleri oluşturabileceğimiz anlaşılmıştır. Kazanılan bu tecrübe ile değişen dünyada güvenilir gıda tedarik zincirleri için yeni üretim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Whither Goest Thou, International Relations?
Authors: Maitra Sumantra
Published: March 2022

Once a narrowly defined, career-oriented discipline designed to train future diplomats in the classic works of history and statesmanship, International Relations has fallen prey to many of the academic enthusiasms of the day.
Marxism in America
Authors: Custred Glynn
Published: March 2022

Anthropologist Glynn Custred provides the context for the arrival of two books by big-name conservatives exploring the history of leftist politics in the United States.
Liberal Education and Religion
Authors: Agresto John
Published: March 2022

A review of "The Love of Learning: Seven Dialogues on the Liberal Arts, Margarita Mooney," ed., 2021, Cluny Media, pp. 242, $19.95 paperback.
The Elusive Robert E. Lee
Authors: Carle Robert
Published: March 2022

A review of "Robert E. Lee: A Life," by Allen Guelzo, Knopf, 2021, pp. 624, $35.00 hardcover.
Modelling the Interactions Between SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Monoclonal Antibodies to Inform Translational Approaches to Treat COVID-19 Infection
Authors:   Department of Life Sciences, NUI Galway, Naughton Robert
Published: March 2022

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. It was first detected in Wuhan, China, in late December of 2019 and, as of April 2021, has infected over 140 million people worldwide, resulting in three million deaths. Scientists across the globe have worked tirelessly over the past year and have developed four vaccines currently licenced by the European Medicines Agency. In late 2020, several variants of concern established themselves globally; including the B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta) and P.1 (Gamma) variants which have several concerning mutations. Initial data has shown that these variants can be more infectious and even escape antibody neutralisation. This means natural immunity from past infection and even vaccination may not be enough to bring the pandemic to an end. Understanding how the virus's entry is facilitated by its spike protein is essential to testing the antibodies' efficacy and understanding the pitfalls of previous research. The knowledge gained on the importance of the variants' mutations and how they may evade antibodies are key to developing novel monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), updated vaccines, and finally the research into preventing future variants via mAb cocktails and ones that target conserved epitopes. This study explored the relationship between mAbs and the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and how it is augmented in response to the novel variants and in what manner issues may be overcome.
CANOPS-GRB v1.0: a new Earth system model for simulating the evolution of ocean-atmosphere chemistry over geologic timescales
Authors: Ozaki Kazumi , Cole Devon B. , Reinhard Christopher T. , Tajika Eiichi
Published: March 2022

Abstract. A new version of the Earth system model of intermediate complexity (CANOPS-GRB) was developed for use in quantitatively assessing the dynamics and stability of atmospheric and oceanic chemistry over geologic timescales. The new release is designed to represent the coupled major element cycles of C, N, P, O, and S, as well as the global redox budget (GRB) in Earth’s exogenic (ocean-atmosphere-crust) system, using a process-based approach. This framework provides a mechanistic model of the evolution of atmospheric and oceanic O2 levels on geologic timescales and enables comparison with a wide variety of geological records to further constrain the processes driving Earth’s oxygenation. A complete detailed description of the resulting Earth system model and its new features are provided. The performance of CANOPS-GRB is then evaluated by comparing a steady-state simulation under present-day conditions with a comprehensive set of oceanic data and existing global estimates of bio-element cycling. The dynamic response of the model is also examined by varying phosphorus availability in the exogenic system. CANOPS-GRB reliably simulates the short- and long-term evolution of the coupled C-N-P-O2-S biogeochemical cycles and is generally applicable across any period of Earth’s history given suitable modifications to boundary conditions and forcing regime. The simple and adaptable design of the model also makes it useful to interrogate a wide range of problems related to Earth’s oxygenation history and Earth-like exoplanets more broadly. The model source code is available on GitHub, and represents a unique community tool for investigating the dynamics and stability of atmospheric and oceanic chemistry on long timescales.
Development of flexible double distribution quantile mapping for better bias correction in precipitation of GCMs
Authors: Song Young Hoon , Chung Eun-Sung , Shahid Shamsuddin
Published: March 2022

Abstract. The double gamma quantile mapping (DGQM) can outperform single gamma quantile mapping (SGQM) for bias correction of global circulation models (GCMs) using two gamma functions for two segments based on 90th quantile. However, there are two ambiguous points: the 90th quantile and considering only the Gamma probability function. Therefore, this study introduced a flexible dividing point, δ (%), which can be adjusted to the regionally observed values at the station and considered the combination of various probability distributions, Weibull, lognormal, and Gamma, for two separate segments. The newly proposed method, flexible double distribution quantile mapping (F-DDQM), was employed to correct the bias of 8 GCMs of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) to correct bias at 22 stations in South Korea. The results clearly showed higher performance of F-DDQM than DGQM and Flexible-DGQM (F-DGQM) by 25 % and 5 %, respectively, in root mean square error. The F-DGQM also showed better performance in replicating probability distribution, spatial variability and extremes of observed precipitation than other methods. This study contributes to improving the bias correction method for the better projection of extreme values.
Sensitivity of Antarctic surface climate to a new spectral snow albedo and radiative transfer scheme in RACMO2.3p3
Authors: van Dalum Christiaan T. , van de Berg Willem Jan , van den Broeke Michiel R.
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This study investigates the sensitivity of modeled surface melt and subsurface heating on the Antarctic ice sheet to a new spectral snow albedo and radiative transfer scheme in the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO), version 2.3p3 (Rp3). We tune Rp3 to observations by performing several sensitivity experiments and assess the impact on temperature and melt by incrementally changing one parameter at a time. When fully tuned, Rp3 compares well with in situ and remote sensing observations of surface mass and energy balance, melt, near-surface and (sub)surface temperature, albedo and snow grain specific surface area. Near-surface snow temperature is especially sensitive to the prescribed fresh snow specific surface area and fresh dry snow metamorphism. These processes, together with the refreezing water grain size and subsurface heating, are important for melt around the margins of the Antarctic ice sheet. Moreover, small changes in the albedo and the aforementioned processes can lead to an order of magnitude overestimation of melt, locally leading to runoff and a reduced surface mass balance.
Pravičnost onkraj zakona – Svobodnopravno gibanje in iskanje nove zasnove prava
Authors: Novak Aleš
Published: March 2022

Avtor v članku zagovarja tezo, da pomeni svobodnopravno gibanje kritičen odziv na specifično ideologijo o naravi in uporabljanju prava, ki se je izoblikovala pod vplivom kodifikacije prava na kontinentu. Svobodnopravniki podvomijo v takrat splošno sprejeto predpostavko, da je pozitivno pravo popolno in opozorijo na obstoj pravnih praznin, ki kažejo na potrebo po dopolnjevanju prava. Zavračajo tudi razumevanje, po katerem je treba uporabljanje prava razumeti kot logično dedukcijo vsebine iz abstraktnih pravnih norm, in opozorijo na pomembno vlogo, ki jo v uporabljanju prava ima človekova subjektivnost. V zahtevi po strogi vezanosti sodnika na zakon prepoznajo ideološko tančico, ki prikriva resnične vzgibe sodniškega odločanja. Sodnik tako pridobi vlogo soustvarjalca prava, ki si z zakonodajalcem deli odgovornost za pravično sodno odločitev. Kljub vsem slabostim je svobodnopravno gibanje ponudilo zanimiv in ploden pogled na naravo in uporabljanje prava, ki je postavilo temelj sodobnemu razumevanju prava.
Tributary World-Ecologies, Part I
Authors: İdiman Çağrı
Published: March 2022

This essay, in two parts, argues for the centrality of the world-ecology perspective for theorizing the relations, dynamics, and crises of the High Medieval Worlds. Commercialization Theorists view the High Middle Ages as a period of early capitalism, while classical Marxist theorists conceive it as a continuation of feudalism. In contrast to both conceptions, I argue that this era can instead be evaluated on its own terms from the world-ecology perspective. In Part I, I develop two interrelated historical-geographical and theoretical arguments. By employing a comparative world-historical methodology, I first argue that two distinct world-ecologies emerged in the North Sea and the Mediterranean during the High Middle Ages. Second, I define world-ecologies not only in terms of commercial relations, but also of production relations, that is, the mode of appropriation of nature and labor. Next, I focus on the common characteristics of tributary world-ecologies. These two world-ecologies were distinguished by agrarian tributary relations, two-tiered commercial networks, and a multiple state-system. I argue that they expanded due to the unique bundling of climatological upturn, novel production relations, and technological and organizational innovations. I conclude Part I by analyzing the North Sea world-ecology, which has typically served as a model for both Commercialization and Classical Marxist perspectives. While there is no question that both perspectives have their merits, it seems more fruitful to explain the relations and dynamics of the North Sea world by the mutual-conditioning of nature, tributary production, and two-tiered commerce. Second, it is more useful to theorize the North Sea world in relation to the larger tributary worlds, characteristic of the High Middle Ages.
Fraturas radiculares horizontais: revisão de relato de casos
Authors: Medeiros João Marcelo Ferreira de , Mascarenhas Liliane Martins , Pedron Irineu Gregnanin , Carvalho Pedro Luiz de , Shitsuka Caleb , Santos Marcelo dos
Published: March 2022

As fraturas radiculares ocorrem em dentes anteriores de jovens em incisivos superiores e graças à localização são alvos de acidentes e outros tipos de traumas sendo crianças e adolescentes os mais afetados. A proposta desta investigação é valendo-se de revisão dos últimos 7 anos fraturas radiculares horizontais em função do diagnóstico, terapêutica proposta, cicatrização dos fragmentos das fraturas, imobilização e técnicas radiográficas. Concluíram que, é difícil diagnosticar a condição pulpar de dentes traumatizados a não ser utilizando-se Fluxometria Laser Doppler (LDF) combinado com monitoramento de Oxímetro de Pulso (OXY). Quanto a medicação, indicam-se MTA, Trietanolamina, iRoot SP e Bio C Repair no reparo dos fragmentos; A cicatrização dos fragmentos é devido ao restabelecimento da atividade pulpar, pois, os vasos nutrem os tecidos fragmentados mantendo a vitalidade do tecido. Quanto mais no terço apical, médio e subcrestal a fratura estiver localizada, melhor o prognóstico; A estabilização dos fragmentos fraturados ocorre com deposição de tecido calcificado, tecido conjuntivo, tecido conjuntivo e osso e interposição de tecido de granulação sem cicatrização; A imobilização associa-se a cicatrização de tecido duro a longo prazo com mais frequência do que a imobilização de curto prazo. Imobilização de curto prazo resultou em cicatrização do tecido conjuntivo/ósseo do que a imobilização de longo prazo, sem diferença na frequência de não cicatrização entre os protocolos de imobilização de longo e curto prazo e tempo de imobilização funcional entre 4-6 semanas sugere melhor cicatrização; A tomografia computadorizada é mais eficiente do que a radiografia periapical das fraturas radiculares horizontais.
Harmonização do sorriso em dentes anteriores pelo meio de técnicas da integração perio-dentística: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Almeida Caroline Barbosa da Silva , Hora Elen Clayse Ferreira da , Souza Hana Yasmim Marques Silva de , Nascimento Leticia Pontes , Souza Maria Alice da Silva , Santos Marcela Nogueira dos , Torres Nathália Rayanne
Published: March 2022

A busca pela estética nas clinicas odontológicas tornou-se algo rotineiro, e o sonho do paciente em alcançar o sorriso perfeito, aumentam as necessidades e expectativas que se tornam cada vez maiores nos procedimentos. A odontologia estética enfatiza o equilíbrio entre a estética branca e a estética rosa, importante para a obtenção de excelentes resultados no tratamento reabilitador e harmónico. Objetivo: Demonstrar através de um caso clínico o resultado da associação de gengivoplastia, clareamento dentário e utilização de resina composta direta para restabelecer a harmonia gengival e dental do paciente. Método: Trata-se de mostrar opções de tratamento para o paciente que compareceu a clinica escola da UNIT visando a importância da execução, planejamento e com isso resultando na satisfação do paciente. J.A.C, 25 anos, gênero masculino, feloderma, não fumante e sem alterações sistêmicas compareceu a clinica odontológica da UNIT com queixa principal de coroas clinicas de tamanho reduzido e insatisfação estética quanto a coloração dentaria. A resolução estética desse caso envolveu cirurgia periodontal, associada ao clareamento dentário e a utilização de material restaurador adesivo. Resultado e Conclusão: Enfatiza-se assim a importância da execução e do planejamento de um tratamento odontológico proposto que possibilitou a harmonização estética do sorriso, resultando de grande impacto no aspecto psicológico, pessoal e social do paciente e na sociedade em qual este se insere.
Role of Stock Market Performance and Exchange Rate Volatility in the Inflow of Foreign Direct Investment: An Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Rasheed Rukhsana , Ishaq Mazhar Nadeem , Malik Muhammad Fahad
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of macroeconomic variables i.e., stock market performance and exchange rate fluctuations on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for Pakistan. The required data was collected for the period of 1996 to 2020 from the World Bank and State Bank of Pakistan. In data analysis, the unit-root tests were performed to decide whether a time-series is stationary or not. An ARDL is constructed to achieve the results of this study. The results of this study provided the evidences that stock market performance and trade openness have positively and significantly linked with FDI. Whereas real GDP growth rate and exchange rates have negative effects on FDI. It is recommended that the trade policies should be devised in such a manner that these policies should promote exports. Furthermore, policies that ensure stable stock market performance could be an important factor for bringing FDI to Pakistan. However, FDI seems to be ineffective from the changes in the rate of inflation.