bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Who is essential in care? Reflections from the pandemic’s backstage
Authors: Monteverde Settimio
Published: August 2022

Since the beginning of the pandemic spread of the Coronavirus, societies have been reminded that the impact of Covid-19 and public health measures of infection containment reflect known gradients of inequality. Measures focusing only the (acknowledged) frontstage of the pandemic and neglecting its (unacknowledged) backstage—understood as those framework conditions indispensable for societies to thrive—have worsened the impact of social determinants of health on the most vulnerable, as shown by the deleterious effects of prolonged social isolation of residents of nursing homes. To reflect this phenomenon ethically, a framework is proposed which is inspired by the feminist philosopher Margret Little. At its core stands the assumption that caring for people and moral ends allows us to identify what is morally salient. This epistemological stance allows a critical look at the alleged dilemmas invoked to enforce brute, long-lasting policies of closing nursing homes in many places—especially in the light of their dubious effectiveness in preventing viral spread and the severe physical and psychological consequences for those affected. If moral salience is only fully perceived through the closeness of the caring relationship, the human suffering resulting from these policies reveals the utter inadequacy of the dilemma rhetoric used to justify them. This insight is illustrated by the personal experience of the author: He describes his role as an essential care partner of his mother living in a nursing home and forced into the role of a “visitor” who witnessed a constant deterioration of care. Based on an epistemological understanding of caring for making reliable moral judgments, potentially exclusionary effects of distinguishing essential from non-essential groups in care will be addressed together with the need to overcome strict boundaries between front- and backstage. Such efforts will strengthen the moral community of persons needing care, professional care givers and essential care partners.
The multiple faces of financialization: Financial and business services in the US economy, 1997–2020
Authors: Iliopoulos Panagiotis , Wójcik Dariusz
Published: August 2022

The literature on financialization tends to overemphasize the increasing size of the financial sector vis-á-vis the rest of the non-financial business sector, usually excluding from the analysis the inter-sectoral relationships between firms. Moreover, few studies have utilized the analytical tools of network theory and the notion of centrality, despite the fact that they conceptualize financialization as the rising centrality of the financial sector. This paper attempts to address these issues and explore the evolution of financialization in the US economy before and after the subprime crisis, investigating the changes in the position of the financial sector. Informed by financial geography and the framework of Global Financial Networks (GFN), we also shed light on the impacts of financialization on those advanced business services sectors that complement financial activity, such as accounting, law, business consulting, and other business services firms. Empirically, we estimate backward and forward inter-sectoral linkages, clustering coefficients, and measures of centrality, utilizing a long time-series of input–output tables at a highly disaggregated level, in order to study the inter-sectoral evolution of financialization in the US.
Considerations in the use of processing fluids for the detection of PRRSV RNA and antibody
Authors: López Will , Zimmerman Jeff , Gauger Phil , Harmon Karen , Magtoto Ronaldo , Bradner Laura , Holtkamp Derald , Zhang Min , Zhang Jianqiang , Ramirez Alejandro , Linhares Daniel , Giménez-Lirola Luis
Published: August 2022

Surveillance is mandatory for tracking the progress of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) control and elimination efforts in breeding herds. Processing fluids, the fluid recovered from tissues collected at castration and/or tail docking, are used for breeding herd surveillance by large segments of the industry, but the basic diagnostic characteristics of processing fluids are largely undescribed. We undertook 3 studies to address this information gap. In study 1, we found no differences among the PRRSV RT-rtPCR results obtained with 4 commercial RNA extraction kits. In study 2, we found that PRRSV RNA was highly stable in processing fluid samples at −20°C or 4°C, but detrimental effects were observed at ≥22°C within 24 h. In study 3, using a modified PRRSV ELISA at a sample:positive cutoff of ≥0.5, we found excellent discrimination in the detection of PRRSV antibody (IgM, IgA, IgG) in processing fluids from herds of known PRRSV status. Judicious handling of processing fluid samples from sow herds, and the use of methods available in veterinary diagnostic laboratories, can provide a foundation for reliable PRRSV surveillance.
Classroom Management Systems to Address Student Disruptive Behavior
Authors: Zoder-Martell Kimberly A. , Floress Margaret T. , Skriba Heather A. , Taber Traci A.
Published: August 2022

Classroom management systems (CMS) are class-wide strategies that teachers use to keep students on task, attentive, and academically engaged. This review provides teachers an overview of eight effective and socially valid CMSs that are aligned with school-wide positive behavior interventions and supports (SWPBIS). The goal is to provide teachers with a guide whereby they can easily implement any of these CMSs in their classrooms. Figures are provided to describe the training procedures, implementation steps, materials needed, data collection, progress monitoring, treatment integrity, variations to the original procedures, and existing supportive research.
The Management of Social Anxiety: More Than 25 Years Later, Where are we?
Authors: ElBarazi Amani , Meshreky Pierre
Published: August 2022

Behavioral and cognitive therapies are today the most effective toolbox and the most evidenced-based therapy for social anxiety. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of some of the most popular methods for treating social anxiety. A selective review of literature published between 1997 and 2022 on social anxiety management. We have found that the majority of behavioral and cognitive treatment protocols are based on the following pillars: exposure to avoided situations, cognitive restructuring, assertiveness, and social skills training, as well as decentration techniques such as getting out of self-observation and cognitive fusion. Several psychotherapists agree on some components of social anxiety management while others do not. Within these agreements and disagreements, the path to the sketch of a new model should open. We argue that some techniques may ultimately be useless, counterproductive, and time-consuming. Alter the existing models and improve them in a different way in light of the multiple information and clinical examples is much needed. We suggest reconfiguring the theoretical and clinical elements to derive a new therapeutic combination of old techniques. In this new theoretical model of social anxiety, we scrupulously suggest including the cognitive and emotional elements and opt for primacy to be given to behavioral inhibition and the role of the biological part such as amygdala.
“This is Going to Stay”: A Longitudinal Mixed Method Pilot Study on the Psychological Impact of Living Through a Pandemic
Authors: Mandrekar Toral , Gupta Sahen
Published: August 2022

Living through the COVID-19 pandemic has been proven to have psychological impacts among individuals in both sport and non-sport populations. However, there is little available research comparing athlete and non-athlete populations in this context, especially among a non-western sample. This study employs a novel, longitudinal mixed method sequential explanatory research design to compare the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic between athlete and non-athlete populations and the role of physical activity. Phase A was a quantitative study measuring the psychological impact using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised among both groups ( n   =  32). Phase B was a qualitative study, with a sample ( n  =  7) participating in experiential interviews, exploring the lived experiences of participants over a 7-month period since Phase A was completed. Results indicated that athletes had lower psychological impact of the pandemic compared to non-athletes. Reflexive thematic analysis indicated that over the 7-month longitudinal period, athletes and non-athletes had different experiences across the themes of ‘Appraisal and Coping’, ‘Cognitions’, and ‘Impact of the Pandemic’. Findings show A) a clear longitudinal impact of COVID-19 over a 7-month period; B) there is a clear contrast between sport and non-sport populations, with participants indicating sport and physical activity to be a protective factor limiting negative psychological impact. Findings are discussed with recommendations for physical activity and sport for reducing psychological impact among both athletes and non-athletes.
Exploratory and Creative Practices in Undergraduate Brass Techniques Coursework
Authors: Hicken Laura K. , Weidner Brian N.
Published: August 2022

Coursework across the music education curriculum provides teacher educators an opportunity to introduce and reinforce a range of instructional practices (i.e., creating, performing, responding to, and connecting with music) into the music classroom. Although instrument techniques courses are a foundational part of an undergraduate music education curriculum, previous research suggests that preservice music educators perceive these courses to be less impactful on their future careers than other courses in the curriculum. To create meaningful and transferable learning experiences, music teacher educators can include elements of experimentation, mistake-making, and creativity in brass techniques courses to provide preservice music educators with opportunities for independent learning and problem-solving. By offering these pedagogical techniques, music teacher educators can also model constructivist practices for students to use in their future classrooms.
Use of a Novel Standardized Administration Protocol Reduces Agitation Pro Re Nata (PRN) Medication Requirements: The Birmingham Agitation Management (BAM) Initiative
Authors: Burk Bradley G. , Penherski Peter , Snider Kendall , Lewellyn Lesli , Mattox Lisa , Polancich Shea , Fargason Rachel , Waggoner Barry , Caine Elizabeth , Hand Wren , Eagleson Reid M. , Birur Badari
Published: August 2022

Background:

Agitation management is a principal challenge on inpatient psychiatric units. Overreliance on common prescribing strategies of pro re nata (PRN) medication administration is problematic, given the tendencies to have overlapping or unclear indications.

Objective:

Piloted project to determine whether a standardized protocol for agitation intervention may reduce PRN medication administration.

Methods:

The Birmingham Agitation Management (BAM) interdisciplinary team uniquely connected the Brøset Violence Checklist (BVC) for assessment of agitation severity to a standardized PRN medication order set. Nurses on the piloted unit were trained on how to score the BVC and administer medications. Patients were assessed by the BVC every 4 hours and, based on their score, would receive no medication, low-dose benzodiazepine, high-dose benzodiazepine, or high-dose benzodiazepine plus antipsychotic. The primary end point compared the number of PRNs administered after novel protocol implementation with a retrospective cohort. Secondary measures included analysis of medication-related effects, seclusion, and physical restraint rates.

Results:

377 patients were included in the final analyses (184 pre-BAM, 193 BAM intervention group). No significant differences were seen in patient characteristics between groups. The total number of PRNs administered decreased by 42.5%, with both the mean and median number of administrations decreasing significantly (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.68-5.75]; P < 0.001). A trend was noted between the number of PRNs administered and seclusion rates, but did not reach statistical significance (95% CI = [–7.28 to 60.31]; P = 0.124).

Conclusions:

In seemingly the first initiative of its kind, we found that a standardized agitation management protocol can help decrease the total number of PRN administrations for agitation without worsening of restraint rates and may possibly reduce the risk of adverse effects. These results require validation in specific, larger populations.
Urban-Rural Differences in Non-Voting Political Behaviors
Authors: Lin Jennifer , Lunz Trujillo Kristin
Published: August 2022

Existing studies on the contemporary U.S. urban-rural divide have neglected its potential role in non-voting political participation. Theoretically, there are mixed expectations: for example, higher social capital in rural areas, alongside a generally older population, suggest rural areas should have greater political participation. Conversely, lower socioeconomic indicators and more physical distance barriers suggest the opposite. Using nationally stratified survey data from the 2018 CCES ( N = 61,000) and 2020 CES ( N = 60,000), we find that specific participation behaviors do not consistently vary across the urban-rural spectrum, controlling for demographic variables. The few consistently significant differences relate to the nature of location-based access. For instance, using 2020 and 2021 ACLED data, we find that an activity where non-rural residents participate more—protesting—occurs less often in rural areas, thus stymieing participation opportunities for rural and small-town residents. Alternatively, rural and small-town residents are consistently more likely to put up a sign, which may reflect a greater incidence of living in houses with yards compared to urban residents. Social media political participation behaviors do not yield urban-rural differences, further suggesting that once geographic access-related barriers are removed, participation rates are essentially similar across the urban-rural spectrum.
How Accurate and Consistent Are Score-Based Assessment Decisions? A Procedure Using the Linear Factor Model
Authors: Gonzalez Oscar , Georgeson A. R. , Pelham William E.
Published: August 2022

When scales or tests are used to make decisions about individuals (e.g., to identify which adults should be assessed for psychiatric disorders), it is crucial that these decisions be accurate and consistent. However, it is not obvious how to assess accuracy and consistency when the scale was administered only once to a given sample and the true condition based on the latent variable is unknown. This article describes a method based on the linear factor model for evaluating the accuracy and consistency of scale-based decisions using data from a single administration of the scale. We illustrate the procedure and provide R code that investigators can use to apply the method in their own data. Finally, in a simulation study, we evaluate how the method performs when applied to discrete (vs. continuous) items, a practice that is common in published literature. The results suggest that the method is generally robust when applied to discrete items.
Existence of solutions for a viscous hybrid quantum system for arbitrary large current density
Authors: Di Michele Federica , Rubino Bruno , Sampalmieri Rosella
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we continue to analyse the properties of the hybrid model introduced in the works by Chiarelli et al. and Di Michele et al. In particular, we consider a quantum hybrid model with a special viscous functional, as introduced in the work by Gamba and Jüngel, for the quantum hydrodynamical model in its standard form (QHD). We show that the hybrid QHD (H-QHD) model admits weak solutions also for arbitrary large value of the current density J under a suitable pressure function.
Do Salient Social Norms Moderate Mortality Salience Effects? A (Challenging) Meta-Analysis of Terror Management Studies
Authors: Schindler Simon , Hilgard Joe , Fritsche Immo , Burke Brian , Pfattheicher Stefan
Published: August 2022

Terror management theory postulates that mortality salience (MS) increases the motivation to defend one’s cultural worldviews. How that motivation is expressed may depend on the social norm that is momentarily salient. Meta-analyses were conducted on studies that manipulated MS and social norm salience. Results based on 64 effect sizes for the hypothesized interaction between MS and norm salience revealed a small-to-medium effect of g = 0.34, 95% confidence interval [0.26, 0.41]. Bias-adjustment techniques suggested the presence of publication bias and/or the exploitation of researcher degrees of freedom and arrived at smaller effect size estimates for the hypothesized interaction, in several cases reducing the effect to nonsignificance (range gcorrected = −0.36 to 0.15). To increase confidence in the idea that MS and norm salience interact to influence behavior, preregistered, high-powered experiments using validated norm salience manipulations are necessary. Concomitantly, more specific theorizing is needed to identify reliable boundary conditions of the effect.
Youth Assets and Initiation of Sexual Intercourse by Family Structure: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Sanchez Louisiana M. , Oman Roy F. , Yang Yueran , Lensch Taylor , Clements-Nolle Kristen
Published: August 2022

Background

The purpose of this study was to assess the protective influence of individual, family, and community assets from the initiation of sexual intercourse (ISI) for adolescents living in one-parent households compared with adolescents living in two-parent households.

Methods

Five waves of data were collected annually over a 4-year period ( N = 591, 52.5% female, mean age = 14.0 years) from a racially/ethnically diverse sample of adolescents. Extended Cox models were used to assess the relationship between assets and time of ISI while controlling for demographic variables. Potential interactions between adolescent’s household structure and assets were examined.

Results

Five of 17 assets were prospectively and significantly associated with a reduced risk of ISI among adolescents living in one-parent households compared with 11 of 17 assets for adolescents living in two-parent households. Adolescents living in one-parent households who possessed any one of five assets (e.g., general aspirations for the future, relationship with mother, positive peer role models) had between a 27% and 57% lower risk of ISI, whereas adolescents living in two-parent households who possessed any of one of 11 assets (e.g., responsible choices, family communication, community involvement) had between a 20% and 42% lower risk of ISI.

Conclusion

The results suggest that strengthening specific youth assets across multiple dimensions of behavioral influence may decrease the risk of ISI for adolescents living in both one-parent and two-parent households. Public health efforts focused on developing programs to promote asset building tailored to adolescent’s family structure are warranted.
Development and evaluation of the sandwich open-hole compression test
Authors: Stanfield Marcus L , Kuramoto Bradley , Adams Daniel O
Published: August 2022

An open-hole compression test method has been developed to assess the notch sensitivity of sandwich composites under compression loading. This test method, in the process of being standardized by ASTM International, utilizes end loading as well as knife-edge side supports to provide out-of-plane restraint to specimen buckling. Finite element analyses focused on identifying a sandwich specimen geometry that minimized finite-width and finite-length effects on the stress concentration produced by the centrally-located through-hole. Geometric variables included the specimen width-to-hole diameter (w/D) and length-to-hole diameter (l/D) ratios. The sandwich configurations investigated consisted of a Nomex honeycomb core and carbon/epoxy facesheet laminates with a range of material orthotropy ratios. Numerical results were used to identify a candidate sandwich specimen geometry and optimal strain gage placements for use in specimen alignment. A series of mechanical tests were performed to evaluate the proposed specimen design, the proposed test fixture, and the recommended test procedure. The first set of experiments were performed using specimens with different hole diameters but the same specimen width and length. A second set of experiments used specimens with different lengths but with the same specimen width and open-hole. In addition, the use of specimen end potting of the core region was investigated to prevent facesheet separation and end brooming.
Clinico-radiologic characteristics of lacrimal sac area swellings misdiagnosed as dacryocystocele or mucocele
Authors: Diab Mostafa Mohammed , Ali Mohammad Javed , Mohammed Khaled Kotb
Published: August 2022

Purpose

Several non-lacrimal lesions can present with lacrimal sac area swelling mimicking a dacryocystocele or mucocele with a possibility of misdiagnosis. This study investigates the clinic-radiologic characteristics of the mimicking conditions compared to true lacrimal sac distension.

Design

Retrospective, comparative, interventional case series

Participants

Patients referred by primary care ophthalmologists between January 2015 and October 2021 with a misdiagnosis of dacryocystocele or lacrimal sac mucocele (n = 39) and an age-matched group of proven true lacrimal sac swelling (TLS group, n = 44).

Methods

Data collected included demographics, presenting features, investigations, management, histopathology, and outcomes. Both groups were statistically compared for several clinical and radiological variables.

Results

Final diagnoses in the mimicking group were skin/subcutaneous swellings (14/39, 35.9%), vascular malformations (10/39, 25.6%), inferomedial anterior orbital cysts (7/39, 17.9%), sino-orbital masses (5/39, 12.8%). Female gender (<0.001), epiphora (p = 0.001), and discharge (p < 0.001) were significantly more frequent in the TLS group. The mimicking group was more likely to be associated with a longer swelling duration (p < 0.001), a swelling extending beyond the lacrimal sac area (p <0.001), orbital signs (p <0.001), and periorbital abnormality. Non-patent lacrimal irrigation (p < 0.001) was significantly more frequent in the TLS group. On imaging, all swellings in the mimicking group were separate from the lacrimal pathway and 94.9% (37/39) extended beyond the lacrimal sac fossa.

Conclusion

Various cutaneous, subcutaneous, vascular, inferomedial orbital cystic, and sinonasal pathologies can present with lacrimal sac area swelling and mimic a TLS. A high index of suspicion, a thorough clinical evaluation and proper imaging are essential to avoid a misdiagnosis.
The effect of type of lodging and professionalism on the efficiency of P2P accommodation
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Jorge V , Hernández Juan M
Published: August 2022

This paper analyses the effect of the different levels of hosts’ professionalism (single and multi-unit host) and accommodation types on the time-varying technical efficiency of P2P accommodation. To do this, we employ a panel data stochastic frontier model which disentangles time-varying efficiency from unobserved heterogeneity. We use a database from Airbnb listings for the Canary Islands (Spain) from January 2019 to September 2020, including the lockdown period due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The results indicate that the lowest priced lodgings are the most efficient accommodation type and that properties managed by single-unit hosts are more efficient than those managed by multi-unit hosts. These results are theoretically founded on the existence of positive agglomeration effects in the hospitality industry.
Randomised controlled trial of the Healthy Living Triple P–Positive Parenting Program for families of children with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Mitchell Amy E , Morawska Alina , Lohan Aditi , Filus Ania , Batch Jennifer
Published: August 2022

This randomised controlled trial examined the efficacy of a brief, group-based parenting program in improving child and family outcomes for families of children with type 1 diabetes. Families ( N = 50) of children (2–10 years) with type 1 diabetes were randomly allocated to intervention ( n = 22) or care-as-usual ( n = 28). Assessments (pre-intervention, post-intervention and 6-month follow-up) evaluated parent- and child-reported parenting behaviour, child behaviour/adjustment and child quality of life (primary outcomes); and metabolic control (routinely-collected blood glucose data), parents’ self-efficacy with diabetes management, diabetes-specific child behaviour difficulties, family quality of life, parents’ diabetes-related and general parenting stress and observed parent and child behaviour (secondary outcomes). Intent-to-treat analyses indicated greater rate of improvement over time for families allocated to intervention compared to care-as-usual for use of corporal punishment (primary caregivers only), and confidence with managing children’s emotions/behaviours, parent-rated child quality of life and adjustment to the child’s illness (secondary caregivers only). There were no other intervention effects. Although families found the intervention useful, low levels of psychosocial problems at baseline limited the scope for group-level improvement and there was limited evidence for intervention efficacy. Individually-tailored measures of goal-specific behaviour change may be considered in future research.
Effect of environmental factors on the concentration distribution of bioaerosols with different particle sizes in an enclosed space
Authors: Duan Xiaojian , Shen Chao , Chen Dongqin , Zhai Zhiqiang (John)
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 has alerted us about the need to quantify the effect of different environmental factors on the concentration distribution of bioaerosols. An experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of environmental factors, including air temperature, relative humidity, airflow speed and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, on the potential dispersion risk of bioaerosols in an enclosed space by tracking the Serratia marcescens as the tiny organisms. Research results indicated that the concentration of bioaerosols is the highest at the indoor air temperature of 25°C among the tested conditions (20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C). The particle size of bioaerosols can be influenced by temperature, resulting in changes in the amount of settling. Increasing relative humidity from 50% to 80% and airflow speed from 1.5 m/s to 2.2 m/s have a negative impact on the dispersion of bioaerosols as the amount of particle settlement increases accordingly. As for the UV radiation parameters, a better disinfection efficiency was achieved at a radiation distance of 40 cm in the tested range of 20–50 cm and a radiation exposure time of 30 min in the tested range of 10–50 min. This study delivered novel data for the concentration distribution of bioaerosol under different environmental factors for creating a safe indoor environment.
Visual communication and the management of passenger conduct: A visual analysis of transit etiquette posters by Japanese railway companies
Authors: Schimkowsky Christoph
Published: August 2022

The visual communication of behavioural expectations plays an important role in the management of contemporary urban spaces. This is evident in mass transit settings where posters and signage promoting good mobility practices are a common sight. Despite the prevalence of such semiotic interventions in passenger conduct in public transport environments globally (see Bissell’s Transit Life: How Commuting Is Transforming Our Cities, 2018; Moore’s ‘Preventing anti-social behaviour on public transport: An alternative route?’, 2010; and Ureta’s ‘Waiting for the barbarians: Disciplinary devices on Metro de Santiago, 2012), their visual structure has only received limited scholarly attention. This article seeks to address this oversight through a visual analysis of ‘manner posters’ issued by Japanese railway providers. Using a two-pronged content analysis approach, the author examines the design strategies employed to problematise passenger misconduct and solicit desirable mobility practices while simultaneously protecting customer sensibilities. Focusing on character figuration, image–viewer relations and the portrayal of misconduct, the article argues that manner posters inscribe behavioural expectations into the physical transport environment by modelling their narrative visual content after actual commuter experiences and using salience-increasing design techniques to highlight etiquette transgressions. As an in-depth visual analysis of transit manner posters, the article thus advances our understanding of the strategic use of visual communication for the management of everyday behaviour and the production and maintenance of public order in contemporary cities.
Drawn into the future: The epistemic work of visual scenarios in the configuration of human–robot encounters
Authors: Pentzold Christian , Rothe Ingmar
Published: August 2022

This article looks at artistic impressions of future robotics and considers how they inspire research into human–machine interaction. Our analysis of visual scientific practices and the epistemic ramifications of these speculative drawings emerges from a long-term participant observation study in a multi-disciplinary project on smart and autonomous technologies in public spaces. We discuss the design, appropriation and modulation of visual scenarios, and scrutinize how these diegetic futurescapes are imaginatively engaging and suggestive of scientific progress and experimentation. The article argues that the future-oriented scenes defy common notions of post hoc scientific representations. Instead, they are ex ante presentations of the ambition to imagine human–machine relations in the future and to draw the large-scale research venture together. The register of evaluation thereby shifts from aesthetic criteria to scientific parameters. More than just visual tokens, the scenarios became a catalyst for collaboration.
The influence of liquid silicone rubber on the properties of polyurethane elastomer/liquid silicone rubber/graphene nanoplatelets stretchable conductive materials
Authors: Heng Chun Wei , Teh Pei Leng , Abdul Rahim Nur Azura , Yeoh Cheow Keat
Published: August 2022

This work reports the influence of liquid silicone rubber (LSR) as a secondary matrix in the polyurethane elastomer (PUE)/LSR/graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) stretchable conductive materials. PUE was prepared by mixing with diphenylmethane-4,4-diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,4 butanediol (BDO). The content of LSR varied from 0 to 50 vol.% at fixed 1.0 vol.% of graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) as a conductive filler. Liquid silicone rubber was used as the secondary immiscible phase to localize GnPs into a path in the primary phase in order to obtain higher electrical conductivity value. The tensile strength of the PUE/LSR/GnPs decreased with increasing LSR content, while the tear strength shows the optimum value at 10 vol.% of LSR. The incorporation of 20 vol.% of silicone rubber has proven to enhance the thermal stability of the blends.
Methods of Current Practice: Qualitative Analysis of Intervention Strategies Utilized by Vaccine Waiver Educators in Michigan
Authors: Mashinini Duduzile P. , Lagerwey Mary D. , Fogarty Kieran J. , Potter Rachel C.
Published: August 2022

By enacting administrative rule 325.176 (12), Michigan added a vaccine education component as a precondition to granting vaccine waivers to vaccine-hesitant parents wishing to file a nonmedical vaccine exemption for their school-aged child. The purpose of the study was to identify best practices for reaching vaccine-hesitant parents during face-to-face vaccine education sessions conducted by vaccine waiver educators in Michigan. This study utilized qualitative descriptive content analysis of semi-structured phone interviews with vaccine waiver educators from local health departments (LHDs) in Michigan. Participants were vaccine waiver educators who were employed by a local health department in Michigan and had conducted at least 30 vaccine waiver education sessions. Strategies, resources, and techniques identified by educators as beneficial included using and providing information from a variety of sources, compiling their own educational materials, creating a positive experience, holding personalized sessions, and streamlining exemption and vaccination sessions. However, unexpected themes that emerged from the interviews revealed that vaccine waiver educators need additional training in discussing vaccine ingredients with parents, handling religious vaccine exemption requests, and assessing the role of schools. Implementing successful vaccine education interventions targeting vaccine-hesitancy is crucial to public health. Charging LHDs with overseeing vaccine education via a face-to-face discussion is a novel intervention strategy, the effective implementation of which may inform vaccine education intervention nationwide and may even be translated into international contexts and prove useful to current COVID-19 vaccination efforts.
Age-Dependent Hematologic Toxicity Profiles and Prognostic Serologic Markers in Postoperative Radiochemotherapy Treatment for Uterine Cervical Cancer
Authors: Meixner Eva , Hoeltgen Line , Hoegen Philipp , König Laila , Arians Nathalie , Michel Laura L. , Smetanay Katharina , Fremd Carlo , Schneeweiss Andreas , Debus Jürgen , Hörner-Rieber Juliane
Published: August 2022

Introduction: In the adjuvant setting for cervical cancer, classical risk factors for postoperative radiochemotherapy have been established. However, data on laboratory changes during therapy and the prognostic value of serological markers are limited and further knowledge is needed to optimize the toxic trimodal regimen. Methods: We retrospectively identified 69 women who underwent weekly postoperative radiochemotherapy with 40 mg/m2 of cisplatin for cervical cancer between 2010 and 2021 at a single center. Laboratory parameters were recorded before, at each cycle and after radiochemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analyses were used to calculate and compare survival, groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U, χ2, and variance tests. Results: With a median follow-up of 17.7 months, the 1- and 5-year local control rates were 94.0% and 73.7%, respectively, with significantly better rates for more chemotherapy cycles and negative resection margins. Only 68.1% of patients completed all cycles. The most common reasons for early discontinuation were persistent asymptomatic leukopenia in women aged ≤ 50 years, and limiting infections in women aged > 50 years. Leukopenia was more likely to occur after the third cycle. Significantly worse survival was observed for post-radiochemotherapy elevated C-reactive-protein and lactate dehydrogenase levels, low pre-radiochemotherapy nutritional index, and raised C-reactive-protein-levels; the latter were also predictable for local control. The Glasgow prognostic score did not reliably predict survival. Conclusion: Incomplete application of simultaneous chemotherapy leads to inferior local control, and age-dependent limiting factors should be identified at an early stage. In addition to classical risk factors, serological markers (C-reactive-protein, lactate dehydrogenase, nutritional index) show prognostic significance.
Methodological Issues in Advancing the Status of Functional Cognitive Assessment
Authors: Giles Gordon Muir , Edwards Dorothy Farrar , Wolf Timothy J.
Published: August 2022

Many individuals in acute hospital and post-acute care settings experience changes in their capacity to perform complex activities of daily living associated with deficits in functional cognition. Occupational therapists regularly assess and treat these occupational performance deficits. The construct of functional cognition offers oportunities for occupational therapists to define an approach to cognition that is both distinct from that of other disciplines and that supports evidence-based interventions. This article provides a rationale for performance-based assessment of functional cognition and an overview of the methodological issues associated with the development and implementation of reliable and valid screening and comprehensive asseements of functional.
Remediating Video Games in Contemporary Fiction: Literary Form and Intermedial Transfer
Authors: Caracciolo Marco
Published: August 2022

Game scholars have discussed both the ways in which video games structurally differ from literary fiction and the ways in which they remediate motifs and narrative strategies from it. In this article, I reverse the direction of that exchange, arguing that video games are disclosing new perspectives on both literary writing and literary interpretation. My focus is on how literature can integrate ludic strategies on a formal level, rather than by merely thematizing games (as genre fiction does extensively). I thus discuss three formal devices—multimodality, present-tense narration, and loop-like repetitions—that evince considerable literary interest in gaming culture. Through these formal experimentations, literature participates in a media environment that is significantly shaped by games. I argue that this intermedial transfer also offers an opportunity for a literary scholarship to enrich its conceptual and interpretive toolbox through dialogue with both game studies and gaming culture.
Study Evaluating Self-Collected Specimen Return for HIV, Bacterial STI, and Potential Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence Testing Among Sexual Minority Men in the United States
Authors: Sharma Akshay , Gandhi Monica , Sallabank Gregory , Merrill Leland , Stephenson Rob
Published: August 2022

Web-based HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention studies are increasingly requesting gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) to return self-collected specimens for laboratory processing. Some studies have solicited self-collected extragenital swabs for gonorrhea and chlamydia testing, but to date, none have solicited self-collected hair samples for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence testing. Project Caboodle! offered 100 racially/ethnically diverse GBMSM aged 18 to 34 years residing across the United States a choice to self-collect at home and return by mail any of the following: a finger-stick blood sample (for HIV testing), a pharyngeal swab, a rectal swab and a urine specimen (for gonorrhea and chlamydia testing), and a hair sample (to visually assess its adequacy for PrEP drug level testing). Despite not incentivizing specimen return, 51% mailed back at least one type of specimen within 6 weeks (1% returned three specimens, 11% returned four specimens and 39% returned all five specimens). The majority of returned specimens were adequate for laboratory processing. Significantly more participants without a college education ( p = .0003) and those who were working full-time or part-time ( p = .0070) did not return any specimens. In addition, lower levels of HIV-related knowledge ( p = .0390), STI-related knowledge ( p = .0162), concern about contracting HIV ( p = .0484), and concern about contracting STIs ( p = .0108) were observed among participants who did not return any specimens. Self-collection of specimens holds promise as a remote monitoring strategy that could supplement testing in clinical settings, but a better understanding of why some GBMSM may choose to fully, partially, or not engage in this approach is warranted.
Mirror hand-ulnar dimelia: a single centre experience with 13 patients
Authors: Kumar Bhaskaranand , SM Venugopal , Chandmanne Bhavya , Das De Soumen
Published: August 2022

Mirror hand-ulnar dimelia (MHUD) is rare congenital disorder with a wide range of clinical and radiographic features. The current nomenclature is confusing and the existing classification systems focus mainly on morphology without providing much guidance for treatment. The goal of this study was to review the clinical and radiological features in 13 children with MHUD that were treated at a single institution. Our findings support the hypothesis that MHUD typically involves the entire upper limb, and the treatment plan should consider the predictors of function at each limb segment. A logical and comprehensive management algorithm is proposed.

Level of evidence: IV
Stigmatized: In/Forming identities of children in Care
Authors: Janzen Melanie D
Published: August 2022

Stigma devalues, discriminates, and magnifies social inequalities. For children in care, who have far worse educational outcomes than children who are not in care, stigma negatively effects the others’ perceptions, as well as the children’s perceptions of themselves. This paper is drawn from a larger research project which considered the ways in which school leaders supported children in care in their schools and the barriers they experienced in doing so. Engaging with the interviews of school leaders and drawing on poststructural theory, I critically explore schooling discourses related to being in care and how these in/form the subjectivities of children in care. The analysis illustrates how being in care inscribes discourses of deficiency, erasure, and vulnerability, and as a stigmatized identity marker enacts inequalities and exclusions by and within school. The discourses related to being in care magnify children’s precarity, determining certain norms of recognition including who cannot be—or are not allowed to be—seen as student-subjects.
Cumulative Data of 1H and 13C NMR Signals and Specific Rotations of Eremophilane Sesquiterpenoids. 1. Bicyclic Eremophilanes (1)
Authors: Tori Motoo
Published: August 2022

1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) signals and specific rotations of eremophilane sesquiterpenoids are cumulated as a series of review articles. In the first chapter of this review, 332 bicyclic eremophilanes, namely with no furan or lactone rings (except for epoxides), without 3-OR functionality (except for hydroxy, acetoxy, and carbonyl) are listed in tables. These data may help chemists working in the area of natural products chemistry as well as synthetic scientists.
Reimagining Workshops
Authors: Shepley Mardelle McCuskey , Savage Troy , Smith Judy
Published: August 2022

Design charettes have been a mainstay in architectural and design practice. Although they are relatively common, research studies on their effectiveness and methods are rare. Recently, an approach has been introduced in the format of Reimagining Workshops (RWs), a charette characterized by both practical and blue-sky thinking, training in empathy, and multi-stakeholder input. In spring of 2021, two RWs were held to explore ideal neonatal intensive care environments. The RWs were born out of a desire to provide a source of information for the Facility Guidelines Institute Guidelines. To date, there have been four RWs: Reimagining the ED, Reimagining Childbirth Facilities, Reimagining Critical Care, and Reimagining the NICU (virtual). This experience enables participants to operate outside of their comfort zone, an important step toward achieving innovation. They are unique in the following ways: (1) the assignments are broad, (2) participants are encouraged to think radically, (3) there are no constraints, (4) participants receive empathy training, and (5) multiple facilities and stakeholders are brought together rather than focusing on a single facility. This article describes the history of design charettes, the history of the RWs, the methodology associated with RWs, and the specific findings from the NICU and the other workshop events.
Approximation of criminal sanctions in the European Union: A wild goose chase?
Authors: Zoumpoulakis Konstantinos
Published: August 2022

The era when criminal law was solely a matter of national legislation is long gone. In the European Union, the approximation of substantive criminal norms and procedural rights has not escaped the attention of the European legislator. Inevitably, the move towards supranational criminal law has affected the field of sentencing and criminal sanctions. This paper seeks to discuss the changes that the development of EU criminal law brings on sentencing. The focus lies on the approximation of criminal sanctions within the EU, in an attempt to understand the scope and the added value of the EU’s approach in the field. First, the legal basis of article 83 TFEU is presented and analyzed, in order to define the limits of the Union’s competence in the field of sentencing. Subsequently, the approach of the European legislator when adopting minimum rules on the approximation of criminal sanctions is unravelled, and the relationship between functional approximation and mutual recognition is discussed. Finally, this paper concludes with some critical reflections upon the approximation of criminal sanctions in the EU, with an eye towards the future of Europe’s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ).
Exploring the relationship between social-emotional competencies and student performance in online learning environments
Authors: Teeple Sarah K , Benolken Amanda
Published: August 2022

The current mixed method study sought to clarify the complex relationships that may influence student achievement in online learning environments. In the United States, the number of students who are participating in some form of virtual or remote learning is increasing for a variety of reasons. However, the body of research regarding elementary or primary school student performance in online learning environments is limited and contains some contradictory findings. The researcher therefore sought to identify the relationships between student proficiency in social-emotional competencies using the Habits of Mind theoretical framework, social presence as defined by the Community of Inquiry framework, and student achievement on a writing performance task. The results indicate that there is a positive correlation between student social-emotional proficiency and student grades on a summative performance task. Survey data and narrative responses from individual interviews with teachers and students were used to further extend the discussion on thematic aspects of teaching and learning that were perceived to influence successful student performance and a robust sense of social interaction and community. Many of the narrative responses appear to describe ways in which social-emotional skills interact to create independent and resilient learners, with persistence and metacognition being the most frequently cited skills.
Disseminated juvenile xanthogranulomas with ocular involvement: A case report and literature review
Authors: Maalouf Nadine Sophie , Aouane Akli , Hamel Patrick , Jean Sara-Élizabeth , Chababi-Atallah Myrna , Fernandes Carolina Lucena
Published: August 2022

Cutaneous juvenile xanthogranuloma is an uncommon disorder usually arising during infancy. Systemic involvement of juvenile xanthogranuloma remains rare, and there are no published guidelines to date on screening extracutaneous manifestations in these patients. Ocular involvement is the most common extracutaneous manifestation of juvenile xanthogranuloma. We present the case of an infant with disseminated juvenile xanthogranulomas and associated ocular involvement and present a review of literature, focusing on identifying risk factors for ocular and systemic involvement in disseminated cases.