bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Electronic Learning Courses on Neurologist Knowledge of Epilepsy Classification: A Study Based on the Kirkpatrick Model
Authors: Mirmoghtadaie Zohrehsadat , Mohammadi Mahmoud , Tavasoli Ali Reza , Badv Reza Shervin , Ashrafi Mahmoud Reza , Zamani Gholam Reza , Hosseinpour Sareh , Omrani Abdolmajid
Published: September 2024

Background: Nowadays, it is generally accepted that focusing on in-service training can lead to organizational progress and improvements in the training process. Objectives: Considering the high prevalence of epilepsy in children and the use of new technologies in education, the purpose of this study was to conduct an electronic educational course on epilepsy classification guidelines based on the guidelines of pediatric neurologists and to evaluate the effectiveness of the course using the Kirkpatrick model. Methods: This study was conducted in 2020. The study population comprised pediatric neurologists from universities of medical sciences throughout the country. Inclusion criteria included participation in the course during the semester, availability, and willingness to participate in the study. Participants entered the study according to their personal preference and provided informed consent, and those who were absent from two or more sessions related to these topics were excluded from the study. The study involved participation in the e-learning course on epilepsy classification according to the guidelines (ILAE 2017). The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula, which resulted in 74 participants. Nineteen of them did not meet the inclusion criteria, and a total of 55 physicians were included in the study. Reaction and learning were the levels considered to evaluate the efficacy of the Kirkpatrick model. To analyze the data, paired t-test and linear regression were used at a significance level of 0.05, using SPSS version 22 statistical software. Results: The results showed that most participants were satisfied with the e-course. The mean learning and behavior level score was 27.51. The findings indicated that the e-learning of epilepsy classification guidelines according to the guidelines (ILAE 2017) improved the performance of pediatric neurologists (P-value ˂ 0.001). Conclusions: The results indicate that e-learning guidelines for the classification of epilepsy according to the guidelines (ILAE 2017) can be an effective tool in improving the clinical performance of pediatric neurologists. Applying newer methods such as the Kirkpatrick model would be an effective approach in other fields of health as well. It is recommended to use up-to-date and efficient models, such as the Kirkpatrick model, in the field of health sciences.
Induction of Viable but Non-culturable (VBNC) State in Shigella flexneri Under Osmotic and Nutritional Stresses at Low Temperature
Authors: Nouri Baghi Ali , Roayaei Ardakani Mohammad , Rezatofighi Elham
Published: September 2024

Background: Viable but non-culturable (VBNC) is a specific physiological state in which living bacteria lose the ability to grow and form colonies on conventional bacterial growth media; however, these cells remain metabolically active. Objectives: Considering the importance of the pathogenicity of Shigella flexneri and the possibility of its transmission through contaminated water and food, we aimed to study the possibility of this bacterium entering the VBNC state under osmotic and nutritional stresses at low temperature (4°C). Methods: Shigella flexneri was inoculated in distilled water and NaCl solutions with concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30% at 4°C. The cultivability of the bacteria was checked daily. After observing the loss of cultivability, entry into the VBNC state was assessed using RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and fluorescence microscopy. Results: After cultivation of S. flexneri in different concentrations of salt solution, the time of non-cultivability was observed at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30%, respectively, on days 19, 20, 21, 22, 22, 24, and 24. Expression results of ipaH and ipaD genes using RT-PCR, along with the presence of live cells detected by flow cytometry and fluorescent staining, indicated that the cells had entered the VBNC state. Conclusions: Shigella flexneri can survive and enter the VBNC state under nutritional and osmotic stresses at low temperatures (4°C). In this state, although the bacterium is alive, it cannot be detected by conventional culture-dependent methods. Due to the potential risk of bacterial recovery, conventional techniques may be insufficient to detect the presence of pathogens in the VBNC state when evaluating water and food.
Rendú Osler Weber Syndrome or Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Case Report from Iran
Authors: Ramezani-Aliakbari Khadijeh , Ramezani-Aliakbari Soudabeh , Anvari Bita
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), or Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, is a rare fibrovascular disorder with dominant autosomal inheritance. This syndrome is characterized by frequent epistaxis, mucocutaneous telangiectasia, visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in several organs, and a family history of HHT. The most common clinical manifestations are recurrent epistaxis, gastrointestinal bleeding, iron deficiency anemia, and mucocutaneous telangiectasia. Case Presentation: Here, a 77-year-old female was presented as a known case of HHT with spontaneous epistaxis from 40 years ago, low level of hemoglobin, and hepatic vascular malformations who was managed by nasal packing, blood transfusions, and intravenous injection of the first dose of bevacizumab. Conclusions: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is a rare dominant hereditary fibrovascular disorder with familial distribution. We report on the second family of HHT during the last 15 years in Iran and describe the presentation and treatment course of the patient. The patient, 77-year-old female with severe anemia, has been recurrently hospitalized for 40 years due to massive epistaxis. She has cutaneous telangiectasias, hepatic AVMs, and a positive family history who received conservative therapy, including transfusion of packed cells and infusing the first dose of bevacizumab. She refused to continue the treatment, and thus, her problem continued despite all modalities. She may stop the treatment course because of a lack of enough evidence for the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab, especially in this hypertensive patient, its cost, and the patient and her family's preferences. We hope the intra-nasal injection of Avastin will be effective if she follows the otolaryngologist's recommendation.
Experimental investigation into bond characteristics of quartz sand modified enamel coated steel bar in concrete based on AE data
Authors:   Dalian University of Technology, Kuang Yihang ,   Dalian University of Technology, Tang Fujian ,   KU Leuven (Catholic University of Leuven), Verstrynge Els
Published: September 2024

Acoustic emission (AE) is widely used in industries such as aerospace,

petroleum, and construction. In civil engineering, especially for concrete structures,

AE has been successfully utilized to detect concrete cracking, rebar corrosion, and

bond characteristics between steel rebars and concrete. Recently, a quartz sand

modified enamel (QSME) coating has been proposed to enhance the corrosion

resistance and bond strength of steel rebars in concrete structures. This study focuses

on the bond characteristics of QSME-coated steel rebars in concrete based on AE data

collected during the tests. Concrete block specimens with steel bars coated with

QSME embedded in the center were fabricated in the laboratory. Pull-out tests were

conducted under both reversed cyclic and monotonic loadings. AE sensors were

attached to the concrete surface to capture the energy released during the debonding

process. For comparison, specimens with uncoated, enamel-coated, and epoxy-coated

steel bars were also prepared and tested. Analysis of AE captured during the pull-out

tests allowed to visualize the bond damage development during the tests and to

differentiate between the behavior of the various rebar coating types. Results show

that the AE activity released by QSME-coated rebar specimens was higher than that

of uncoated, epoxy-coated, and enamel-coated specimens. This can be attributed to

the enhanced chemical adhesion and interfacial friction between QSME-coated steel

rebars and concrete.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the sensor effect on the acoustic emission during Pencil-lead Break tests on PMMA plates
Authors:   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Chen Xi ,   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Godin Nathalie ,   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Doitrand Aurélien ,   National Institute of Applied Science ( INSA-Lyon)- University of Lyon, Fusco Claudio
Published: September 2024

Pencil leads are broken on PMMA plates at various source-sensor distances to evaluate the influence of the propagation distance and the sensor type on AE signals. The resulting waves are detected using a broadband or a resonant sensor. The ability of five transducers, PKBBI sensor, MICRO80 sensor, MICRO200HF sensor, Nano30 sensor, and WD sensor, to recreate the characteristic forms of plate waves is evaluated. Because of the response spanning between 300 to 400 kHz frequency range, Nano30 and MICRO80 sensors have a bigger magnitude in the S0 mode than in the A0 mode, especially for small sensor-source distances. Their different responses demonstrate why similar test specimens and test settings can provide diverse findings due to the sensor effect, which is significant for the use of AE data in the classification of AE sources. Then, based on the normalization method, we suggest a procedure to acquire equivalent values for the selected descriptors using Laplacian Score and Principle Component Analysis. In order to gain a thorough understanding of the sensor effect through 3D finite element simulation, a comparative analysis is conducted between the perfect contact sensor and the resonant sensor with sensor effect. The sensor effect arises from the convolution of the Fourier Transform of the signal with the sensitivity curve in the frequency domain. By comparing the waveforms in the time and frequency domain, it is useful to determine how the different sensors differ from the AE signals.
Failure monitoring and classification from acoustic emission tests on impact-damaged hydrogen composite pressure vessels
Authors:   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Kästle Emanuel D. ,   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Ghaznavi Ali ,   BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Duffner Eric
Published: September 2024

Composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPV) for hydrogen will play an important role in emission free mobility and energy storage. The DELFIN project (2018 – 2022) was set up with the goal of developing improved COPVs that are lighter, cheaper and more durable. A key aspect of this project was to conduct full-scale impact tests with different gas pressure levels that were used to evaluate the vessels’ crash performance and to verify numerical impact simulations. These tests were followed by controlled pressure experiments until the burst pressure was reached. The procedure was monitored with acoustic emission testing (AT) and subsequent computer tomography (CT). The residual COPV stability and the AT results are compared to different scenarios regarding the impact energies and impact angles. The event localization from AT shows a clear correlation of the emitted energy with the damaged areas. We classify the recorded signals into groups that can be related to the failure mechanism and compare those to the pressure evolution before failure of the COPV. All tests indicate that large impact energies lead to a significant reduction of the burst pressure of COPVs, whereas a higher internal pressure can have a stabilizing effect that reduces the damaging effect.
An Approach to Calculate Source Locations for Thicker Plates when Acoustic Emission Signals are Dominated by Trailing Waves
Authors:   University of Denver, Hamstad Marvin A. ,   University of Augsburg, Sause Markus G. R.
Published: September 2024

In many acoustic emission (AE) applications, signal arrival times from an array of sensors are coupled with an appropriate velocity to calculate the source location of AE events. To date, the AE signals present in these applications are Lamb and/or Rayleigh waves. In a previous publication [1], finite element modeled (FEM) AE signals in thicker plates were dominated by trailing wave (TW) packets, when no Rayleigh wave was present. The typical character of the TW dominated signals was described as a spaced-in-time train of short-in-time wave packets. Further, it was pointed out, that when TW dominate the signals, it is not clear how arrival times for source location calculations might be obtained along with an appropriate propagation velocity.
The goal of this work is to develop a source location approach for cases of dominant TWs in the AE signals in thicker plates. The FEM-signal database from the previous publication was used for this study. The database consisted of in-plane dipole
sources at five different depths and four different steel plate thicknesses (50, 75, 100 and 125 mm). Bottom-surface out-of-plane displacement signals versus time for propagation distances from 250 to 1500 mm were examined. The FEM signals were frequency filtered to examine a broadband case of 80 to 500 kHz and a narrowband case of 100 to 300 kHz. To study the potential source location accuracy, a total of
seven four-sensor arrays were employed. The study results describe a process to select appropriate arrival times and obtain a propagation “velocity.” This information was used to calculate source locations for the sensor arrays. The location errors were shown to be less than the plate thickness.
Identification of corrosion nature using acoustic emission in representative scale samples
Authors:   University Paris-Saclay, Pénicaud Maël ,   University Paris-Saclay, Recoquillay Arnaud ,   University Paris-Saclay, Lequien Florence ,   University Paris-Saclay, Fisher Clément ,   University Paris-Saclay, Laghoutaris Pierre
Published: September 2024

Monitoring corrosion is critically important across numerous applications, given its occurrence in key industrial sectors such as energy production, transportation, and civil engineering to prevent leaks and failures.
Especially, determining the exact nature of corrosion phenomena could help planning specific maintenance operations, reducing costs and risks. Machine Learning
methods have demonstrated capacities to discriminate corrosion phenomenona. An important step to create precise Machine Learning models is the quality of training
datasets.
With this goal in mind, this paper presents experiments performed on different metallic samples to create specific corrosion forms, respectively pitting and uniform corrosion to train a supervised model. This model is evaluated on 316L steel samples prone to endure both pitting and uniform corrosion. The usage of supervised learning is then discussed compared to other methods.
Acoustic Emission Measurements During a Four-Point Bending Test on a Reinforced Concrete Specimen
Authors:   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Manthei Gerd ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Koob Manuel ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Bohn Dennis ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Lingner Niklas ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Minnert Jens
Published: September 2024

Acoustic emission (AE) measurements were carried out during a four-point bending test to in-vestigate the influence of the shear load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams (so-called Leonhardt beam) with shear reinforcement. The results of AE measurements show that the AE activity begins immediately after starting loading. During the test approximately 3.500 AE events could be automatically located using longitudinal and transverse wave arrival times. Most AE events are in the central region of the specimen within the sensor network. Therefore, only the flexural tensile cracks are represented through AE locations. The transverse shear crack that occurred during the ultimate failure of the specimen is outside the sensor arrangement and has not been detected. Due to the localization error, the AE events are distributed in a cloud-like manner, and as a result, they do not sharply depict the macroscopic flexural tensile cracks. Ra-ther, acoustic emission indicates that a crack network of many small microscopic cracks formed in the tensile area, resulting in a very rough and fragmented crack morphology. Additional to the conventional source location, we applied the so-called collapsing method to highlight structures already inherent within the unfocused AE events clouds.
Classification of Crack Coordinates through Wavelet - Analysis and CNN: Analysis of Data Preparation and Network Structure
Authors:   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Sirbu Ivan ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Manthei Gerd ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Guckert Michael ,   Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen (THM), Bulut Erbil-Batur
Published: September 2024

For the two-dimensional localization of acoustic emission events (AE), artificial intelligence (AI) was applied. AE events were generated by breaking pencil leads on a granite plate measuring with dimensions of 50 cm × 50 cm × 6 cm. A total of 128 measurements were carried out at each of the 81 positions on the top surface of the granite plate. The recorded signals with 16 channels were processed using continuous wavelet transformation (CWT). The resulting RGB images served as input data for a convolutional neural network (CNN). The transformed images of the measured AE signals were converted into a four-dimensional input by considering them as deeper input, allowing for improved data capture. The result was analysed using a binary classifier according to the one-versus-all method.

However, due to limited computational capacity, processing the four-dimensional data posed a challenge, resulting in significant programming effort. The results of this investigation provide insights into the potential of using AI for the localization of AE events.
Cryopreservation of small ruminant semen made simple
Authors: Gately Rachael
Published: September 2024

Successful cryopreservation of small ruminant semen is critical to prosperous artificial insemination programs. Semen collection with the intent to cryopreserve is achieved by either via the use of an artificial vagina or an electroejaculator. Semen collected during the natural breeding season most often has the best prefreezing and postthawing viability. Ejaculates from rams and bucks can be preserved using commercially available OptiXcell II extender and freezing via ‘floatation over liquid nitrogen technique‘ for a short interval.
Meeting the demand for laparoscopic artificial insemination in sheep and goats
Authors: Gately Rachael
Published: September 2024

Demand for laparoscopic artificial insemination in small ruminants is growing exponentially. Use of a well-designed estrus synchronization protocol allows does and ewes to be inseminated in a timely manner with good conception rates. Females are sedated with an intramuscular cocktail to facilitate inversion and laparoscopic access to their uterus for deposition of fresh or frozen semen directly into the lumen of both uterine horns.
Arum Cyrenaicum: A comprehensive review of Phytochemistry and Bioactivity
Authors: Nabil Alobaide Zubaida , Habel Azza , Awin Tahani , Buzgaia Nawal , Elamari Asma , Elteera Fatma , Elabbar Fakhri
Published: September 2024

Arum cyrenaicum is a native species found in Al Aljabal Al-Akhdar region, NE Libya. Despite the toxicity of Arum cyrenaicum, Libyans use it extensively for medicinal purposes, garden decoration and in traditional dishes. There is limited research on Arum cyrenaicum. The present review summarizes phytochemical studies of the plant and discusses in detail the pharmacological activities of 7 published findings. To provide information about Arum cyrenaicum, a literature search was conducted on electronic databases and google scholar.
Nutraceuticals-I
Authors: Gupta Dr. Surya Prakash
Published: September 2024

Nutraceuticals, a portmanteau of "nutrition" and "pharmaceuticals," represent a rapidly growing field at the intersection of food and medicine. Nutraceuticals-I delves into the fundamental concepts, exploring the classification, sources, and mechanisms of action of these bioactive compounds. This area of study highlights the potential health benefits of nutraceuticals, such as disease prevention, immune system support, and enhanced overall well-being. The course covers various categories, including dietary supplements, functional foods, and herbal products, while also addressing regulatory challenges and safety considerations. Nutraceuticals-I provides a comprehensive understanding of how these substances can complement traditional therapies and promote a healthier lifestyle.
Free Radicals
Authors: Gupta Dr. Surya Prakash
Published: September 2024

Free radicals are highly reactive molecules with unpaired electrons, generated naturally within the body during metabolic processes. These molecules, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS), are byproducts of oxygen metabolism and can cause significant damage to cellular components if not properly managed. The production of free radicals occurs in cells primarily through processes such as mitochondrial respiration, immune responses, and environmental exposures like pollution and radiation. Free radicals are notorious for initiating damaging reactions in vital biomolecules. They can attack lipids, leading to lipid peroxidation, which compromises cell membrane integrity. Proteins can undergo oxidative modifications, resulting in loss of function and structural alterations. Carbohydrates may be oxidized, impacting energy metabolism and cellular communication. Nucleic acids are particularly vulnerable, with free radicals causing mutations and breaks in DNA strands, potentially leading to cancer and other genetic disorders. To combat these damaging effects, dietary fibers and complex carbohydrates serve as functional food ingredients with protective roles. These components not only promote gut health but also act as antioxidants, neutralizing free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. By incorporating these functional foods into the diet, individuals can enhance their defense against oxidative damage, supporting overall health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases linked to free radical damage.
Endogenous Antioxidants-I
Authors: Gupta Dr. Madhu
Published: September 2024

Endogenous antioxidants are critical components of the body's defense system against oxidative stress caused by free radicals. These antioxidants, both enzymatic and nonenzymatic, work together to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevent cellular damage. The enzymatic antioxidant defense includes key enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, which play pivotal roles in detoxifying harmful free radicals. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the primary enzymatic antioxidants, responsible for catalyzing the dismutation of the superoxide radical into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. This process is crucial as it converts the highly reactive superoxide radical into less harmful molecules. Following this, catalase, another essential antioxidant enzyme, converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, effectively reducing the potential for oxidative damage. These enzymatic defenses are complemented by nonenzymatic antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, glutathione, and flavonoids, which scavenge free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage. Together, these antioxidant systems form a comprehensive network that safeguards the body against oxidative stress, maintaining cellular integrity and reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with free radical damage. The efficiency of these endogenous antioxidants is vital for health, making them a key focus in the study of aging and disease prevention
Endogenous Antioxidants-II
Authors: Tiwari Mr. Prabhakar Singh
Published: September 2024

Endogenous antioxidants are vital for protecting the body against oxidative stress and maintaining cellular health. Among these, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and vitamin C are key components of the body's antioxidant defense system. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an essential enzyme that protects cells from oxidative damage by reducing hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides into harmless molecules like water and alcohol. This process is crucial in preventing the harmful effects of oxidative stress, particularly in the protection of cell membranes and DNA from free radical-induced damage. Glutathione, a tripeptide composed of glutamine, cysteine, and glycine, is one of the most important nonenzymatic antioxidants in the body. It plays a central role in neutralizing free radicals, regenerating other antioxidants like vitamin C and E, and detoxifying harmful substances. Glutathione is also involved in various cellular processes, including immune function and protein synthesis, making it indispensable for maintaining overall health. Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, is a potent water-soluble antioxidant that works synergistically with glutathione and glutathione peroxidase. It scavenges free radicals, regenerates other antioxidants, and contributes to the stabilization of cellular components against oxidative damage. Vitamin C is also essential for collagen synthesis, immune function, and the absorption of iron from plant-based foods. Together, these antioxidants form a robust defense network that protects the body from the detrimental effects of oxidative stress, supports immune function, and contributes to the maintenance of overall health and well-being. Their roles in antioxidant defense highlight the importance of maintaining adequate levels of these compounds through diet and endogenous production.
Synthetic Antioxidants
Authors: Garg Mr. Satyendra
Published: September 2024

Synthetic antioxidants, such as Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) and Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA), are widely used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries to preserve products by preventing oxidative deterioration. These compounds are particularly effective in stabilizing fats and oils, extending the shelf life of various products by inhibiting the formation of free radicals that cause rancidity. Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT) is a fat soluble antioxidant commonly added to food products like cereals, snacks, and processed meats to prevent oxidation and maintain freshness. BHT works by donating hydrogen atoms to free radicals, thereby neutralizing them and stopping the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation. In addition to its use in food, BHT is also found in cosmetics, packaging materials, and pharmaceuticals as a preservative. Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) is another synthetic antioxidant with similar properties to BHT. It is used in a variety of food products, including butter, margarine, and baked goods, to protect against oxidative damage. BHA functions by stabilizing free radicals, thus preserving the flavor, color, and nutritional quality of foods during storage. BHA is also used in cosmetics, animal feed, and rubber products for its antioxidant properties. Safety and Controversy: Despite their effectiveness, the safety of BHT and BHA has been the subject of ongoing debate. While both antioxidants are approved for use by regulatory agencies like the FDA, concerns about potential carcinogenic effects and long-term health impacts have led to calls for further research and, in some cases, a preference for natural alternatives. Nevertheless, BHT and BHA remain widely used due to their ability to effectively preserve the quality of a wide range of products
Phytochemicals as Nutraceuticals-IV
Authors: Jain Mr. Ashutosh
Published: September 2024

Phytochemicals, including prebiotics, probiotics, and phytoestrogens, are key components of nutraceuticals, offering significant health benefits. Prebiotics, like fructooligosaccharides, serve as dietary fibers that stimulate the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, enhancing digestive health and boosting immune function. Probiotics, such as Lactobacillus, are live bacteria that maintain gut flora balance, preventing gastrointestinal issues and supporting overall well-being. Together, prebiotics and probiotics form a synergistic relationship, promoting a healthy microbiome. Phytoestrogens, plant-derived compounds with estrogen like activity, include isoflavones like daidzein and genistein, found in soy products. These compounds are known for their potential to reduce menopausal symptoms, protect against osteoporosis, and lower the risk of hormone-dependent cancers. Lignans, another class of phytoestrogens found in flaxseeds and whole grains, also offer cardiovascular protection and hormonal balance. These phytochemicals contribute to a holistic approach to health, supporting hormonal regulation, digestive health, and overall disease prevention, making them valuable additions to a nutraceutical diet.
Simultaneous tibial osteotomy and total knee arthroplasty in posttraumatic and obese patient: a case report
Authors: Bonchev Biser , Yordanov Tsvetoslav , Stokov Luben , Ivanov Teodor , Teofilov Teodor , Georgiev Georgi , Stokov Luben Lubenov , Nastev Kristian
Published: September 2024

Deforming osteoarthritis of the knee joint alters the mechanical axis of the lower limb. This, combined with extra articular deformity of the tibia or femur leads to serious dysfunction of the limb and great disability for the patient. These rare cases present great challenge for the orthopedic surgeon. Most of the cases with mild to moderate deformities can be successfully managed by adjusting intra articular resections, but in those with severe extra articular deformity, an extra articular correctional osteotomy may be required in order to achieve good flexion-extension balance of the knee. We report a case of total knee replacement performed together with correctional osteotomy of the tibia due to extra articular deformity of about 20 degree varus.
Open SHIN FRTACTURE with agrarian contamination, soft tissue and bone defects, treated with proximal hemisoleus flap and Masquelet technique
Authors: Andonov Yordan , Valentinov Boyan , Angelov Nikolay
Published: September 2024

This document presents a clinical case of an open tibial fracture.The  treatment stages  addressing the soft tissue and bone defects, as well as the heavy bacterial contaminations  are described. Discussed is the rationality of the chosen method and the available alternatives.
The Effects of Hands-on Cadaver Dissection Module on Preclinical Students
Authors: Babacan Serdar , Çitak Devran , Deniz Mustafa
Published: September 2024

Objective: The anatomy education provided by cadaver dissection contributes to the professional skills of medical students. In addition to gaining scientific experiences, dissection practices contribute to the humane approach to the patient, motivation to become a physician, privacy, and ethical issues. Cadaver dissection is one of the oldest methods used in anatomy education, and the moment of encounter with the cadaver significantly affects medical students. The aim of the study was to emphasise the importance of traditional cadaver dissection and raise awareness about body donation.
Methods: The study included 206 preclinical period students. After receiving the dissection materials, the students dissected cadavers, and the instructors helped them throughout the process. After the dissection, we shared an online survey.
Results: 96.6% of the students emphasised that cadaver dissection is important and should be included in the curriculum. Also, 96.6% stated that the dissection module informed them about ethical values. 94.2% declared that dissection increased their interest and motivation towards medical education. 91.8% of the students thought that participation in cadaver dissection provided them with more opportunities to develop professional skills than the demonstration of a prosectioned (previously dissected) cadaver. 71.8 of them stated that the models or computer-assisted education can not replace cadaver dissection.
Conclusion: However, although technology and artificial intelligence facilitate learning, the multifaceted benefits of the cadaver cannot be denied, and the cadaver cannot be excluded from anatomy education.
Bone Toothbrush Handles in Chinese Tang Dynasty Ash Pits
Authors: Xiaowan Yu , Gang Li
Published: September 2024

China has been recognized as an important birthplace of dentistry in the world. The bone toothbrush from ash pits in the museum of the Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine confirms that the Chinese had the awareness of cleaning their teeth and the tools to do for over 1000 years. These findings help to promote the study of the historical development of dentistry in China.
Artificial Intelligence and the Research and Reporting of Dental History
Authors: Gelbier Stanley , Gelbier Dylan
Published: September 2024

Artificial intelligence is much in the news. One issue is whether it might be a useful tool for dental research. This paper provides an overview of AI and explores its usefulness in some simple history of dentistry topics, including potential dangers.
Does Corporate Governance Affect Intellectual Capital Disclosure Practices?
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Premier University, Chittagong, Bangladesh., Uddin Mohammad Ahsan , Sultana Mir Misnad ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Bangladesh.
Published: September 2024

The current study empirically examines how Intellectual Capital Disclosure (ICD) practices and corporate governance (CG) variables relate to one another while taking firm-specific factors into consideration. The study focusses on a sample of 20 publicly traded companies from Bangladesh's three cognitively demanding industries. The association between ICD and CG is assessed by the study using regression modelling and content analysis. Higher levels of intellectual capital disclosure are positively correlated with variables including gender diversity, audit committees, directors' ownership, government ownership, and business size, according to the research. Conversely, there is an adverse association between ICD and board size, directors' independence, and industry connection. Furthermore, there was no discernible correlation between foreign influence and the level of intellectual capital disclosure by Bangladeshi listed companies.
Faktor Prediktor Terjadinya Delayed Hemothorax pada Pasien dengan Riwayat Trauma Tumpul Toraks di RSUP Prof Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado
Authors: Stefanus Gufi George , Sukanto Wega , Tangkilisan Adrian , Langi F. L. Fredrik G. , Prasetyo Eko , Tamburian Christha , Saleh Denny
Published: September 2024

Trauma toraks merupakan penyebab signifikan dari morbiditas dan mortalitas, terutama dalam konteks multitrauma, dengan dampak kematian berkisar antara 20% hingga 25%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor prediktor terjadinya delayed hemothorax pada pasien dengan riwayat trauma tumpul toraks di RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado. Metode yang di guanakan metode penelitian dengan pendekatan kohort retrospektif, dengan cara consecutive sampling, analisis data dengan analisis deskriptif. Adapun hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa faktor prediktor yang signifikan adalah adanya fraktur tulang iga, jumlah fraktur iga 3 atau lebih, dan lokasi fraktur tulang iga. Usia dan kejadian kontusio paru tidak ditemukan sebagai faktor prediktor yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang memiliki fraktur pada tulang iga ke 10-12, 6-9, dan 3-5 memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami delayed hemothorax.
Hubungan Antara Kebiasaan Merokok dengan Tingkat Kecemasan pada Pasien Post COVID-19 di Malang Raya
Authors: Anggriani Devi , Multazam Ali , Yuliadarwati Nungki Marlian
Published: September 2024

Merokok merupakan suatu kebutuhan esensial bagi seorang yang cenderung merokok. Seorang remaja yang mengonsumsi rokok satu bungkus tiap harinya dapat berisiko menyebabkan gangguan kecemasan dan saat dewasa mereka 15 kali lebih mungkin mengalami gangguan panik (panic disorder) dibandingkan denganyang bukan perokok. Kecemasan merupakan suatu keadaan yang mana orang tersebut mengalami rasa tidak aman dan tidak mampu mengatasi tuntunan lingkungan. Kondisi fisik orang yang mengalami gangguan kecemasan dapat diamati ketika orang tersebut merasakan adanya perubahan pada pernafasannya dan peningkatan denyut nadinya. Keprihatinan mengenai seseorang yang mengalami trauma pada kasus post COVID-19. Penelitian ini analitik-observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu pasien pasca COVID-19 yang berdomisil di Malang Raya. Terdapat 60 responden dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen pengambilan data menggunkan kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) mengukur tingkat kecemasan dan Glover-Nilsson Smoking Behavior Quistionnaire (GN-SBQ) mengukur tingkatan merokok. Berdasarkan uji statistik Pearson, tingkat kecemasan dan kebiasaan merokok diperoleh nilai P = 0,005, r = 0,359 dengan hasil rendah, sehingga adanya hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan dan kebiasaan merokok.
Peningkatan Insiden Trombosis Mesenterial Terkait Infeksi Pasca Covid-19: Sebuah Kasus Serial
Authors: Tendean Michael , Mambu Toar DB , Tjandra Ferdinand , Salem Billy , Panelewen Jimmy , Akmal Nuzly
Published: September 2024

Pendahuluan: Penyakit virus corona 2019 (COVID-19) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh sindrom pernapasan akut coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Keadaan hiperkoagulasi COVID-19 dapat meningkatkan risiko komplikasi trombosis dan tromboemboli. Trombosis mesenterika adalah komplikasi vaskular yang umumnya terkait dengan hiperkoagulabilitas, yang mengakibatkan nyeri perut dan iskemia usus. Presentasi kasus: kami melaporkan 3 kasus pasien yang datang kepada kami setelah terinfeksi Covid-19, yang datang dengan keluhan dan gejala berupa nyeri perut hebat, kembung dengan tanda-tanda obstruksi, dengan hasil D-dimer yang tinggi. Dilakukan laparotomi darurat dan ditemukan trombosis mesenterika, dilakukan reseksi anastomosis dan heparinisasi pasca operasi. Diskusi: Trombosis Mesenterika setelah Covid 19 biasanya muncul dengan gejala abdomen akut dan pemeriksaan d-dimer yang meningkat. Laparotomi darurat dilakukan dengan reseksi anastomosis usus, diikuti dengan heparinisasi pasca operasi. Dua pasien menunjukkan hasil yang baik dan menjalani rawat jalan, tidak ditemukan adanya kebocoran anastomosis maupun sindrom usus pendek. Gegar otak: Diagnosis trombosis mesenterika dapat dicurigai pada pasien pasca Covid-19 dengan gejala abdomen akut di mana terdapat peningkatan D-Dimer.
Profil Kasus Kematian Tidak Wajar yang Diperiksa Di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Tahun 2023
Authors: Suwandono Adji , Salsabilla Nurani Almira , Nugroho Novianto Adi
Published: September 2024

Kematian tidak wajar merupakan kematian yang disebabkan keracunan, kecelakaan, bunuh diri, maupun pembunuhan. Kasus kematian tidak wajar membutuhkan pemeriksaan forensic untuk mengetahui penyebab kematian. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menjelaskan profil kasus kematian tidak wajar yang diperiksa di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada tahun 2023. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu total sampling dari surat visum et repertum kasus kematian tidak wajar di Instalasi Kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta tahun 2023. Jumlah keseluruhan kasus kematian tidak wajar yang diperiksa di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta tahun 2023 adalah 110 kasus dengan regio trauma terbanyak adalah kepala (53), penyebab kematian terbanyak tidak dapat ditentukan (54), mekanisme kematian terbanyak tidak diketahui (65), dan perkiraan waktu kematian terbanyak adalah belum ada pembusukan (77). Pada kasus kematian tidak wajar di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta tahun 2023, regio trauma terbanyak adalah kepala. Penyebab kematian terbanyak tidak dapat ditentukan mekanisme kematian terbanyak tidak diketahui, dan perkiraan waktu kematian terbanyak adalah belum ada pembusukan. Kesimpulannya, meskipun banyak kasus kematian tidak wajar yang penyebabnya tidak dapat ditentukan, hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan penting tentang pola umum dan karakteristik kasus kematian tidak wajar di Surakarta. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar bagi upaya peningkatan kualitas pemeriksaan forensik dan pencegahan kematian tidak wajar di masa mendatang.
A Keystone Flap as A Reconstructive Option for Anterior Abdominal and Inguinal Defect
Authors: Mallo Andly Resando , Oley Mendy Hatibie
Published: September 2024

The keystone flap is an effective solution to this by utilizing local tissue similar to a keystone to close the defect without the need for tissue transfer from other locations in the body. This makes it a highly effective option in reconstructing complex defects of the anterior abdomen and inguinal region, supporting complete patient recovery. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using keystone flaps in covering large defects in the abdominal and inguinal walls after tumor removal. This study used a descriptive method with a retrospective approach. Data collection techniques in this study were literature study, observation and patient medical records. The data that has been collected is then analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the keystone flap can be used to cover extensive damage to the abdominal and inguinal walls after tumor removal with success. The keystone flap is a reasonably easy defect reconstruction, is very reliable, and has low morbidity and complications
The effect of expanded perlite and metakaolin on the physicochemical properties of collapsible soils
Authors: Khodabandeh Mohammad Ali , Kopecskó Katalin , Nagy Gábor
Published: September 2024

Collapsible soils, such as loess, are a kind of problematic soil that is naturally unsaturated and withstands high loads at their natural moisture content, but unexpectedly collapses when wet and saturated, creating a risk to buildings constructed on it. This study highlights the effect of chemical stabilizers, including perlite and metakaolin, on the physicochemical behavior of collapsible soils, especially Zeta potential measurement, and the soil’s morphology. The properties of natural soil were compared to those of treated soil using a set of Zeta potential measurement tests. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was used to validate the results. According to the results, perlite and metakaolin changed the loess soil properties. The results showed that the absolute Zeta potential of soils increased after adding perlite and metakaolin, which indicated a higher dispersity of soils mixed with perlite or metakaolin. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that untreated samples had a loose structure with extensive pores, whereas treated samples had a dense and uniform structure with particle rearrangement. The flocculation and agglomerations in the soil matrix, which are a significant contributing factor to the mechanical property enhancement of the metakaolin-stabilized samples, were confirmed by SEM images. According to the microstructure and product composition analyses, the calcium-aluminate-silicate hydrate (CASH) generated by the metakaolin enhanced cementation between the flake units of the plain soil, and the soil structure of the plain soil stabilized by the metakaolin was denser.
Cardiologia Teoria e Prática - Edição XVI
Authors: Barroso L. de Freitas Guilherme , Castro de Almeida Camilla
Published: September 2024

Este livro traz trabalhos sobre um dos sistemas vitais para nossa vida, responsável pelas principais incidências de mortalidade e morbidades, o sistema cardiovascular. Ele possui o coração como ator principal, caracterizado por batidas e frequências
Detecting genAI: beside the point?
Authors: Day Adam
Published: September 2024

I remember finding ChatGPT usage in a research paper for the first time. It was April 2023, and a Twitter user pointed out that you could identify bots by their use of the phrase “as an AI language model…”. It’s a hallmark of ChatGPT usage. So I searched Google Scholar for the phrase … and found just one paper.
¿Es preferible hablar de Historia de la Guerra?
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: September 2024

por Nicolás Llantén Quiroz La guerra como actividad humana por excelencia, define su aparición no por una condición intrínseca de maldad, sino más bien por una necesidad de obtener algo que no podemos resolver por medios pacíficos.
Las primeras elecciones del estado de Morelos
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: September 2024

por

Irving Reynoso

Las primeras elecciones de Morelos, en 1869, estuvieron marcadas por la intromisión del gobierno federal, pues la creación de la entidad -segregada del Estado de México- había sido un proyecto del presidente Juárez. La influencia del ejecutivo fue decisiva para que Francisco Leyva venciera al popular Porfirio Díaz.
Instantes Sagrados
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: September 2024

Ana Laura Fromm

, DR © Acrílico y collage sobre chapadur. Uso de técnica serigráfica San Miguel de Tucumán, 2020 Instagram De la obra apunta

Diana Ferullo

: Los instantes sagrados de Ana Laura Fromm son referencias a las que el inconsciente vuelve de manera recurrente.
Un monumento y la conmemoración de la Batalla de La Angostura
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: September 2024

por

Valentina Tovar Mota

Las distintas batallas que libró el ejército mexicano en el noreste, en respuesta a la invasión de los estadounidenses entre 1846 y 1847, significaron para la construcción del relato nacional momentos de debacle en donde poco o nada fue digno de rememorar.
“Tiénenle los malos por asilo y ciudad de su refugio”
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: September 2024

Juan de Mañozca o la anatomía de la injuria (1610-1650) por Natalia Silva Prada Hubo una vez un ilustre inquisidor, arzobispo y visitador cuya fama pasó a la posteridad, según las biografías eclesiásticas, por ser un pacífico, piadoso, benigno y amado canónico.
Рустың бірлікке келу процесіндегі Алтын орданың рөлі
Authors: Zangadiluly Nosserbek
Published: September 2024

Мақалада моңғол әскерлерінің қуатты әскери күшіне, шебер соғыс тактикаларына сүйене отырып, қысқа мезімде орыс кінәздіктерін жаулап алу барысы, орыс кінәздері мен халқының шапқыншылыққа қарсы күрестері, Батухан қолбасшылығындағы Шыңғыс Хан ұрпақтары қосындарының жаулап алу барысында орыс кінәздіктерінің ішкі қайшылықтары мен саяси бөлінуін де тиімді пайдалана білгендігі баяндалады. Жошы ұлысының негізінде құрылған Алтын Орда мемлекетінің өздері жаулап алған орыс халқына өзінің ұлттық мәдениетімен, мемлекет құру ұлы идиясымен ерекше әсер етуімен қатар, Рустың өзіне тән ұлттық мәдениетінің, православиелік ұлттық діни дүниетанымының, ұлы империялық мемлекет құру идеясының қалыптасуына ерекше әсер еткендігі дәлелденеді. Рустың Алтын Орда мемлекетінің құрамындағы орны сипатталады. Алтын Орда билігі кезінде Рустың саяси, экономика, сауда, дін, мәдениет, сырытқы байланыстар және басқа да салаларында елеулі өзгерістер мен жетістіктерге жеткендігі сарапталады. Рус кінәздіктерінің бірігіп келешекте Ресей империясын құруына осы Алтын орда кезеңінде объективті түрде негіз қаланғандығы, Батыс жорығының рус өмірінде елеулі өзгерістер ала келгендігі, отандық тарихшы ғалымдардың зерттеулері мен Қытай, Түркия, Иран, Ресей, Франция елдерінің тарихи жазбалары мен зерттеулері негізінде дәлелденеді.