bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classroom Management Efficacy, Attitudes toward Teaching Profession, and Academic Performance: A Path Analysis
Authors: SEZEN-GÜLTEKİN Gözde , HAMUTOĞLU Nazire Burçin , YILMAZ OZDEN Şule , SAVAŞÇI Merve
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to investigate preservice teachers’ classroom management efficacy beliefs with respect to their attitudes toward the teaching profession and academic performance. Accordingly, a model was hypothesized and tested through path analysis. The participants were preservice teachers (N= 483) at a state university in Turkey, and data came from three sources: a scale measuring attitudes toward the teaching profession, a scale for investigating classroom management efficacy beliefs, and academic achievement, namely self-reported GPA scores. Findings indicated a weak but positive relationship between preservice teachers’ classroom management competency levels and academic achievement. There was a direct positive relationship between the levels of classroom management competencies and academic achievement. Moreover, findings indicated a moderate positive relationship between attitudes toward teaching and classroom management competencies. Findings also showed that attitudes toward teaching affected classroom management competencies through academic achievement indirectly and positively. In this context, the results were discussed by implications and future directions for research.
Enhancing The Students’ Speaking Skill through Think-Pair-Share (TPS) at SMAN 4 Jember
Authors: Al Karim Muhammad 'Abduh , Bilqis Mutiara , Suharjito Bambang
Published: April 2022

This research discussed about using think-pair-share (TPS) at the state senior high school in the online teaching and learning process during the covid-19 pandemic. This research aims To enhance the eleventh-grade students’ speaking skill and participation at state senior high school 4 Jember by using Think–Pair-Share (TPS). The design of this research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) with thirty participants in the classroom to collect the data. The teacher said that the eleventh grade students had difficulties in speaking skill. They felt unconfident to speak. This problem made their speech less fluent. They also often pronounced the English words incorrectly and displayed grammar errors when speaking. Students’ participation in the learning process was low because they felt unconfident and afraid of expressing their ideas in oral speech. Kagan (1994) said that TPS is a cooperative learning strategy that can promote higher-level thinking. TPS has useful benefits, not only for the students but also for the teacher. The students are allowed to speak up in the class. They talk a lot in the class, have high motivation in speaking, and enjoy participating in the class is the characteristic of successful speaking activities. The findings of this study, it proved that Think-Pair-Share (TPS) strategy could enhance the students’ speaking skill at SMAN 4 Jember. It could be seen from the improvement of the students’ speaking test result in the first cycle. It happened because the students were encouraged to speak English by the pair and have a discussion in class. It creates positive atmosphere in sharing ideas about the material and the students can train their vocabularies and pronunciation.
STRUCTURE FOR SOCIAL SUCCESS OF ADOLESCENTS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors:   Youth Center “Lira”, CHERNOVA ELENA  A.
Published: April 2022

We consider the author's definition of the social success among adolescents with disabilities as an integrative personality quality. This integrative personality quality is considered taking into account the psychological and developmental challenges of this category of adolescents, reflecting the purposeful achievement of their goals and the ability to use the achieved result for further development, contributing to successful socialization in society based on productive interaction with others. The presented structure of social success is a unity of interrelated components: value-motivational, cognitive-active, personal-creative. The value-motivational component includes achievement motivation that promotes activity, overcoming risk factors and full-fledged socialization; value orientations that determine the moral character, character and direction of behavior of adolescents with disabilities; cognitive interest that helps to reveal abilities, develop imagination, imagination and creative activity. The cognitive-activity component includes theoretical knowledge in the field of personal success, knowledge of social norms and behavioral rules that help adolescents with disabilities to establish social contact and socially successful adaptation; mastering practical skills of conscious, independent activity; interpersonal relationships and social experience that expand social horizons for adaptation in society. The personal-creative component provides for communicative skills that ensure a successful existence in society and help to build full-fledged constructive relationships; creative self-presentation skills that are indicators of personal changes and achievements; project skills and creative self-development that contribute to a positive change in personal qualities and self-expression. The presented structure of social success of adolescents with disabilities is based on the leading ideas of personal-activity, environmental, inclusive and integrative approaches.
DYNAMICS OF MARRIAGE SATISFACTION IN FAMILIES WITH DIFFERENT FAMILY LIFE EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Moscow Psychological and Social University, VYAZOVOVA NATALIA V. , KAMITSYNA MARIYA S. ,   Moscow Psychological and Social University
Published: April 2022

The result of a theoretical and empirical study shows the influence of family life experience, role expectations and claims in marriage on the dynamics of marriage satisfaction. Marriage satisfaction is an evaluative reflexive attitude of the couple to the developed in the family relationships and role positions. Marital relations expressed in marriage satisfaction are also considered as a special type of subjective and personal interaction between husband and wife, regulated by moral principles and formed in accordance with the values generalized in the image of the family, which usually contains a person's past experience, ideas about marital roles based on the experience of the role functioning of the parent family. The factors and conditions affecting the satisfaction of spouses with marital relations and signs of disharmony of marital relations leading to dissatisfaction with marriage are analyzed. Marriage satisfaction depends on the consistency of role expectations and claims of a couple, family life experience. The results of the study were analyzed for each married couple separately for the purpose of subsequent family counseling and by groups, taking into account the marriage period. The research studies relationship between the attitude to the couple functions, education level and employment.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL: IMPACT ON SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors:   Lyceum no. 29, LARIONOVA TATIYNA V. , FILIPPENKO LARISA K. ,   Lyceum no. 29
Published: April 2022

We analyze possibilities and limitations of information and communications technology in primary general education to increase effectiveness of cognitive activity among students and motivate them to independent activity. The informatization of primary schools affects the quality of the educational process. Management simplification in the educational process with information and communications technology enables to organize the exchange of pedagogical experience, to expand the didactic possibilities of the lesson. The following positive possibilities of using information and communications technology in the implementation of the educational process in primary school are increased motivation to learn, activation of cognitive activity, effective implementation of the visibility principle, individualization and differentiation of learning, mastery of variable ways of obtaining and processing information. Prolonged and systematic use of information and communications technology may cause a negative impact on the physical, psychological state and health of younger schoolchildren. As a result, it is necessary to comply with restrictions when using information and communications technology in primary classes. The use of information and communications technology in the course of the educational process is a necessary, and not an exclusive (special, exclusive) means of ensuring educational activities in general. The position on the inevitability of the variable use of information and communications technology both at school and beyond is proved.
SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF INTEREST IN PSYCHOLOGY AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, BEDINA VERA YU.
Published: April 2022

The empirical study aims at studying the preferences of young people in various fields of psychology, determining their degree of interest in certain types and forms of psychological knowledge, as well as identifying the main external and internal determinants of interest in psychology among young people. The majority of respondents consider psychology as the science of the psyche, mental processes and thinking. The most interesting area of psychology for them is personality psychology and the less preferred is advertising psychology. Psychology attracts as it is not static but actively developing, often discussed in the media, the number of people with mental disabilities of young age has increased, and psychology is also in demand on a practical level. Psychology allows respondents to understand first of all the people around them and themselves. At the same time, the results of the study show that most of the respondents have an average level of reflexivity, which indicates their moderate conversion of consciousness to themselves and a moderate level of reflection on their mental state. Most of the subjects have a general average level of self-regulation of behavior. At the same time, most of the subjects have a personality orientation towards themselves, with the predominance of motives for their own well-being, striving for personal primacy, prestige, which does not correspond to the nature of practical psychology, where the priority remains for relationships between people. The main values for them are independence and security, the last thing they would like is to follow traditions, including psychological.
ROLE OF MEDIATION IN FORMATION OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION COMPETENCIES AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, BULGAKOVA DARYA V.
Published: April 2022

We consider the constructive possibilities of mediation in the formation of the conflict resolution competencies among college students. During adolescence there is an increase in the level of stress, conflict, and in order to minimize the number of negative situations, it is important to form students' conflict resolution competencies. These competencies of college students are expressed in the ability to apply skills to resolve conflict situations constructively, to conduct a dialogue in a conflict situation effectively both in professional activity and in interaction with society in a conflict-prone environment. We examine the mediation as a conciliation procedure interested in finding business, moral relationships between the warring parties. The features of the organization of the mediation service at the college ensure meditative technologies in the educational environment of this professional educational organization; its functions are educational, educational, restorative, preventive. The requirements to the mediator's personality, the possibilities and limitations of his mediation activity are analyzed. The principles of mediation are voluntariness, confidentiality, cooperation and equality of the parties, impartiality and independence.
Job insecurity and child well-being in single-parent families in Europe: A matter of family and gender policy
Authors: Moreno Mínguez Almudena , Pérez-Corral Antonio L.
Published: April 2022

Objective: The aim of this article is to extend our knowledge about child deprivation in single-parent families from a comparative European perspective. We first analyse the relationship between the employment status of single parents and child deprivation. Furthermore, we examine whether gender equality in the labour market and family cash benefits reduce deprivation and alleviate the consequences of unemployment and employment precariousness.

Background: Children from single-parent families suffer deprivation mainly due to their parents' job insecurity and the fact that, in general, there is only one breadwinner in their households, usually a woman.  However, the situation of these children may differ between European countries according to gender equality and family policies.

Method: We use cross-sectional data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions 2014 and multilevel logistic regressions. The analysis is based on a sample of single-parent households (N = 5910) from 28 European countries.

Results: The results indicate that temporary employment and unemployment are associated with a greater risk of child deprivation in single-parent families. The results also show that gender equality in the labour market reduces child deprivation, especially in families where the parent has a temporary employment. Redistributive family policies have a more limited impact.

Conclusion: The main findings indicate that advances in gender equality in the labour market are essential to combat child deprivation in single-parent families in Europe.
Educação física escolar na gestão Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: Melo Fernando Garcez de , Moreira Evando Carlos
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: Compreender a conjuntura política-educacional da educação física escolar com a assunção à presidência de Jair Bolsonaro. Método: Foi realizada uma análise de conjuntura, à qual se dedica a compreensão do atual cenário político e implicações na educação física escolar. Resultados e discussão: Foram identificadas quatro forças primordiais para entender sua gestão e que atuam sobre a sociedade e a educação física: as forças econômica, moral, securitária e societal. Em conjunto, fomentam o desmonte de políticas sociais, a transferência do poder de atuação do público para a iniciativa privada e relações interpessoais marcadas por intolerância. Considerações Finais: Detidamente, na educação física escolar, tais forças implicam na sua secundarização, a possível diminuição de investimentos, seu uso não para o desenvolvimento da autonomia, mas para o disciplinamento. Em suma, cerceamento das práticas pedagógicas e dificuldades para o alcance de justiça social e liberdade.
The Potential of Re-exports: A Probability for Fiji’s Trade Growth
Authors: Prakash Amit , Chand Priteshni
Published: April 2022

This study investigates the significance of re-exports in Fiji. The dominance of the re-export of domestic exports is indisputable in Fiji; however, there is lack of literature concerning the performance of re-exports to total exports transiting the Fijian economy. This study aspires to fill that gap offering suggestions to strengthen the total exports of Fiji by diversifying the trade policies. Time series data is used for total exports, re-exports and domestic exports from 1985 to 2018 to establish an ARDL model. The model was subjected to diagnostic testing with a favorable outcome regarding the stability of the model for hypothesis testing. The findings re-affirm that re-exports are a significant predictor of Fiji’s total exports and trade growth. This research signifies the need for national policies to include the promotion of re-exports. Conclusively, the finding of this study is instrumental in updating or reshaping development policies for inclusive growth.
Evidence-Based Evaluation of PCR Diagnostics for SARS-Cov-2 and The Omicron Variants by Sanger Sequencing
Authors: Lee Sin Hang
Published: April 2022

Both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV initially appeared in China and spread to other parts of the world. SARS-CoV-2 has generated a COVID-19 pandemic causing more than 6 million human deaths worldwide while the SARS outbreak quickly ended in six months with a global total of 774 reported deaths. One of the factors contributing to this stunning difference in the outcome between these two outbreaks is the inaccuracy of the RT-qPCR tests for SARS-CoV-2, which generated a large number of false-negative and false-positive test results that have misled patient management and public health policy-makers. This article presented Sanger sequencing evidence to show that the RT-PCR diagnostic protocol established in 2003 for SARS-CoV can in fact detect SARS-CoV-2 accurately due to the well-known nonspecific PCR amplification of DNAs with similar sequences. Using nested RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing to retest 50 patient samples collected in January, 2022 and sold as RT-qPCR positive reference confirmed 21 (42%) were false-positive. Although the other 29 positive isolates were categorized as Omicron variant by partial sequencing of the N gene, and the RBD and the NTD of the S gene, 9 (31%) showed focal to complete sequencing failure in the S gene segments due to multi-allelic SNPs. During the course of the study, an Omicron variant isolate containing a BA.1 NTD and a BA.2 RBD in its S gene was also detected. Routine partial S gene sequencing of all PCR-positive samples can timely discover multi-allelic SNPs and viral recombination in the circulating variants for investigation of their impacts on vaccine efficacies, therapeutics and diagnostics.
Gender Bias and Artificial Intelligence: A Challenge within the Periphery of Human Rights
Authors: Chauhan Prashant , Kaur Gagandeep
Published: April 2022

Technology is advancing at an exponential rate, and artificial intelligence has become a contentious issue of the day. A plethora of fields influencing human life has been impacted by artificial intelligence, whereas the development of artificial intelligence has opened Pandora’s box of legal concerns. Several international organizations, including the United Nations, have identified gender equality as an indispensable constituent of the protection of human rights. The voyage of gender equality has seen a long phase of struggle and persists. This paper aims to analyze, in what manner artificial intelligence is affecting gender equality, raising concerns on the issues regarding the role played by the United Nations in securing gender equality through conventions and resolutions, is artificial intelligence capable of posing a threat to gender equality and what measures can be implemented to secure gender equality about artificial intelligence.
IS MANDATORY SUSTAINABILITY REPORT STILL BENEFICIAL?
Authors:   Trisakti School of Management, Rudyanto Astrid
Published: April 2022

The latest regulations in Indonesia (SEOJK No 16/SEOJK.04/2021) have required public companies to make a sustainability report every year in order to increase sustainable in­vestment. Prior to this regulation, several public companies had made sustainability reports and received benefits of sustainability report. This makes issuers ask whether after being obligated, public companies still get the benefits that have been obtained from voluntary sustainability reports and under what conditions the mandatory sustainability reports are beneficial for public companies. This study answers the public companies' doubts by con­ducting a systematic literature review on research on mandatory and voluntary sustainability reports in Q1 and Q2 journals from 2008-2018. Before answering the issuers' doubts, this study explains the reasons why issuers make voluntary sustainability reports and the benefits derived from voluntary sustainability reports. After that, based on previous research, this study explains whether the benefits obtained from voluntary sustainability reports can still be obtained in mandatory sustainability reports. This study found that sus­tainability reports were made because of the desire to benefit from these reports initiated by company leaders coupled with institutional pressure. The benefits of voluntary sustainability reports are the positive perception of shareholders and increased concern for the company's sustainability. Mandatory sustainability reports can still provide some (though not all) of the same benefits as voluntary sustainability reports. In addition, the sustainability report must be able to cover the weaknesses of the voluntary sustainability report with the condi­tion that there is strict legal coercion, strict supervision, and the addition of an obligation to audit sustainability information which is strengthened by market demands to make a sus­tainability report. Therefore, the Indonesian government must pay attention to these condi­tions for this regulation to be implemented properly.
Implementation of Risk Management in Bank Syariah Mandiri Griya Financing Products
Authors: Nazia Zumrotun , A. Daud Nanang
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine the implementation of risk management in the financing products of the Mandiri Griya Islamic Bank. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a field study approach, as well as in-depth interviews with informants. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of risk management on BSM Griya financing products at BSM KCP Malang Turen has been in accordance with the guidelines and provisions imposed by the BSM head office. As for what has been done by BSM KCP Malang in managing risk on BSM Griya products, among others, first starting with identifying risks, risk assessment and also risk control, then each implementation is reported to the head office. BSM KCP Malang Turen also conducts an online system in an effort to minimize the risk of financing and bank operations. Meanwhile, the problem of human resources is an obstacle in the implementation of BSM Griya financing. The steps for handling non-performing financing for the BSM Griya product are carried out by first identifying the customer's journey, and in terms of collectibility for further action by the bank.
New REE-Constrained Terrigenous Depositional Changes in the Central Okinawa Trough and their Responses to Climate since 92 Millennia
Authors: Zou Jianjun , Shi Xuefa , Zhu Aimei , Chang Yuan-Pin , Chen Min-Te , Dou Ruxi
Published: April 2022

The continental margin is one of the major depocenters for terrigenous sediments in the world ocean. Complex interactions between land and sea control the sedimentary processes along the continental margin. The Okinawa Trough (OT) receives huge amounts of terrigenous materials transported by rivers from the adjacent landmass, while the Kuroshio Current (KC) and the North Pacific Intermediate Water jointly play major roles in oceanic climate and regional deposition patterns of terrigenous sediments. Various studies have investigated the changes in terrigenous sediment provenance in the central OT only since the last glacial. Still, few studies focus on more long-term variations in terrigenous deposition over the last few glacial-interglacial cycles. Here, we report a new high-resolution sediment geochemistry record of a well-dated core MD01-2404 taken from the central OT covering a timespan of 92 kyr. Our results show dynamic glacial-interglacial changes in sediment compositions and terrigenous deposition patterns. Bulk sediments in MD01-2404 comprise relatively high biogenic components during interglacials, while higher terrigenous fractions during the last deglacial and glacial periods. We suggest that the provenance of terrigenous sediments is mainly derived from Taiwanese rivers, Yangtze River, and Yellow River with hydrothermal inputs. During the time interval of 37 to 46 kyr, a new finding of “Negative Ce Anomaly Event” in the central OT firstly reported here is attributed to a combination of suboxic conditions in deep and pore waters and the addition of depleted Ce-bearing sediments. Temporal changes of deposition patterns in the central OT are attributed to complex interactions among dynamic glacial-interglacial changes in eustatic sea level, the East Asian summer monsoon, and the KC.
History of mystical anarchism (problem of periodization)
Authors:   Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of Russia Abroad, Gerasimov Nikolai I.
Published: April 2022

The article explores the problem of periodization of mystical anarchism. The author sug­gests that most of the disagreements between modern researchers of the creative heritage of the 20th century anarchist-mystics is related to the absence of any historical and philosophi­cal reference point or scheme. The article suggests viewing the whole history of the devel­opment of this phenomenon as an evolution of communities of thinkers who were equally close to anarchist and mystical ideas. Three periods are distinguished: 1) 1905–1907; 2) 1917–1930; 3) 1924–1939. In each period, the author analyzes the ideological principles of a particular community of mystical anarchists, their ability to influence the cultural land­scape of their era, and their conceptual relationship with their predecessors/successors. The terms “mystical anarchist” and “anarcho-mystic” are used synonymously in this text. Particular attention is paid to the emigrant period in the history of mystical anarchists (the study is based on the analysis of periodicals of the Russian diaspora in the United States).
Subjective method and evaluation in science (based on the materials of Nikolay I. Kareev’s manuscript “General methodology of the Humanities”)
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Dolgova Evgeniya A. , Malinov Alexey V. ,   Saint Petersburg State University, Sliskova Valeriya V. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the article is to introduce “General methodology of the Humanities” (1922), one of the latest monographs by the historian, sociologist and methodologist of science Nikolay Kareev (1850–1931). The book, which the scholar did not publish during his lifetime, was introduced into scientific circulation only partially and needs further up­dating in terms of its significance for the history of Russian sociology. It systematizes the methodological ideas of N.I. Kareev, establishes a connection between his works with such European trends as positivism and neo-Kantianism as well as with “Russian subjective sociological school”. The proposed fragment of the seventh chapter (“Normative and applied knowledge in the humanities”) focuses on the problem of the subjective method and assessment in science. It is concluded that the subjectivism of the Russian sociologi­cal school was of a special nature: it was associated not only with the ethical attitude to­wards the individual and society, but also with the recognition of the internal, mental, subjective side of social life itself. The combination of practical and psychological, im­perative convictions and inner experiences resulted in a theoretical synthesis of which the embodiment was the “Russian sociological school”. The “Russian subjective school” re­mained a positivist project for which it was possible to study society scientifically, a project that studied phenomena and not essences, a project that built on facts and not on metaphysical fabrications. In the study of social phenomena, the School introduced the principle of personality, thereby rejecting Compte’s reductionism, which drew analogies between social and physical processes. It is hypothesized that the criticism of Marxism from the standpoint of the subjectivism of the Russian sociological school could serve as an additional argument for the prohibition of the book in the 1920s. The manuscript was found in the Research Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library in the per­sonal collection of N.I. Kareev and is being restored based on drafts. The publication is accompanied by an introductory article revealing the main provisions in Kareev’s work.
Risk Management and Optimization in Real-Time Noncondensable Gas Co-injection under Economic Uncertainty
Authors: Sibaweihi Najmudeen , Trivedi Japan
Published: April 2022

When the oil price is volatile, maximizing steam allocation and noncondensable gas (NCG) is essential to ensuring a profit but reducing risk. Minimizing risk entails moving the distribution of lower tail returns closer to the expected return. Thus, there is a risk-reward tradeoff during optimization. Real-time risk-return optimization with first-principle models is computationally demanding. Sibaweihi et al. (2019) presented a real-time steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) recovery optimization with varying steam availability workflow. The workflow cannot handle uncertainty, and the data-driven model may forecast out of the physical range of the model output parameters. As a result, data-driven process modeling incorporating physical or operational constraints and an optimization problem formulation that references a decision-makers' metrics to a benchmark is crucial.

This study proposes data-driven input-output normalization to incorporate operating constraints based on their physical range. The workflow includes model training updating based on the concept of forgetting factor to adapt the data-driven model to the current state of the reservoir. A robust optimization (RO) problem scheme in which economic risk is mitigated by formulating the objective as a tradeoff of expected returns and risk is managed in real time. A modified Modigliani’s risk-adjusted performance has been implemented to minimize the possibility of selecting the wrong optimal risk-return tradeoff of nonsymmetric return realizations in this work. In this work, the risk is quantified through variance, minimum, semivariance (down side risk), and conditional-value-at-risk of the returns realizations because of oil price volatility.

Application of the proposed workflow on a synthetic reservoir with steam NCG co-injection showed the data-driven calibrated model forecast performance shows a reasonable agreement with the synthetic reservoir throughout the optimization period. In addition, the optimization study with the proposed workflow also showed a net present value (NPV) increase of approximately 25–77% and a decrease in the cumulative steam-oil-ratio (cSOR) from 4.5 to 6.7% compared with the continuous steam injection base case. The reduction in cSOR indicates a lower steam requirement. An increase in methane sequestered demonstrates workflow ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while improving SAGD NCG co-injection key performance indicators.
Bonding Mechanism of Zonal Isolation Materials to Clean and Rusted Casing
Authors: Kamali Mohammadreza , Khalifeh Mahmoud , Saasen Arild
Published: April 2022

In oil and gas and geothermal well construction, a cementitious material is pumped in the wellbore to provide zonal isolation and support the casing during the life cycle of the well. Thus, the cementitious barrier materials must be durable in terms of chemical and mechanical properties and have chemical compatibility with casing pipe. The complex region of casing-cement interface is considered a key parameter to fulfill long-term zonal isolation. This interface must be chemically stable and impermeable to block unwanted formation fluid communication. Shortcomings of conventional Portland cement under operational conditions and increasing sensitivity to its carbon footprint are motivations for a green alternative. Bond strength and sealability of cement with steel surface have been measured previously. But few research works cover surface characterization and morphological analysis of barrier materials and the connected steel surface. This study provides a full picture of selected alternative materials in terms of shear bond strength, hydraulic sealability, and interface morphology analysis of the materials. Materials include API Class G cement, an industrial expansive cement, noncement-based pozzolanic material, geopolymer, and thermosetting resin. Also, clean and rusted steels were considered as a representative for the casing pipe in the field. The samples were prepared under elevated pressure and temperature. The results proved that higher shear bond strength is not an indication of good sealability, and the ingredients used to mix slurries have a critical role in the structure of the interfacial zone between casing and barrier material.
Relationship between Air Pollution and Lung Cancer in Fujian Province: A Case-control study
Authors: Chen Guangmin , He Fei , Wu Jiasheng , Yang Huimin , Su Jin , Lin Jianbo , Liu Yuhang , Xu Xinying , Bai Liang , Cai Lin , Zheng Kuicheng
Published: April 2022

Background:Outdoor air pollutants, especially particulate matters, are defined as a type of carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Studies have shown that air pollutionis associated with lung cancer morbidity or mortality. This study is aimed at exploring the relationship between air pollutants and primary lung cancer in Fujian Province, China. Methods:We conducted a hospital-based, retrospective, case–control epidemiological study on three different populations to assess the occurrence of lung cancer caused by exposure to various levels of air pollution. Statistical analysiswas performed using the SPSS 25.0. Unconditional logistic regression modeling and identification of possible confounding factors were performed by calculating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for air pollution indexes and lung cancer risk. Results: The total study population comprised 885 lung cancer patients and 1,220 healthy controls. The following parameters were identified as risk factors for lung cancer among the total population: smoking; exposure to cooking oil fumes; passive smoking; medical history of lung disease; family history of lung cancer; and exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3. For smokers, medical history of lung disease, family history of lung cancer, and exposure to PM10, and PM2.5 were risk factors for lung cancer. Among non-smokers, exposure to cooking oil fumes; medical history of lung disease; family history of lung cancer; and exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3 were factors increasing the risk of lung cancer. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3 was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer, with the risk being greater for non-smokers and persons exposed to cooking oil fumes.
Establishment and Functional Characterization of Immortalized Rabbit Dermal Papilla Cell Lines
Authors: Li Jiali , Zhao Bohao , Zhang Chen , Zhang Xiyu , Dai Yingying , Hu Shuaishuai , Yang Naisu , Chen Yang , Wu Xinsheng
Published: April 2022

Background: Hair follicle (HF) undergo periodic growth and development in mammals, which regulated by dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are reported to play an important role in the HF morphogenesis and development. However, primary DPCs have low proliferative activity, age quickly, and fresh cell isolation is both time-consuming and laborious. Method: In this study, we introduced the SV40 large T antigen (SV40T) into dissociated early passage rabbit vibrissae DPCs with lentiviral vectors and established seven immortalized DP cell lines (R-1, R-2, R-3, R-4, R-5, R-6 and R-7). Result: These cell lines displayed early passage morphology and displayed high alkaline phosphatase activity. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that all the immortalized cell lines expressed the DPC markers (α-SMA ,IGF1, ALPL, FGF2, BMP2 and TGFβ2; α-SMA and VIM protein), but α-SMA was only expressed well in R-3, R-4, and R-7. Furthermore, it was found that R-7 was the only line to survive beyond 50 passages. Compared to melanoma cells, R-7 did not undergo malignant transformation. Karyotyping and cell growth viability analysis illustrated that the R-7 cell line preserved the basic characteristics of primary DPCs. Conclusion: The R-7 DPCs established have potential application for future hair research. The study provides the theoretical basis in the cell research of HF growth and development.
The futility of geoengineering tropical cyclones through ocean cooling
Authors: Hlywiak James , Nolan David
Published: April 2022

Proposals to use technology to cool sea surface temperatures have received attention for the potential application of weakening a tropical cyclone ahead of landfall. First, application of an ocean-mixing aware maximum potential intensity theory finds that artificial ocean cooling could drastically weaken tropical cyclones over high sea surface temperature, deep mixed layer environments, especially for fast translation speeds. In contrast, realistic mesoscale numerical simulations reveal that massive regions of artificial cooling could weaken a TC two days before landfall by 15% but only under the most ideal atmospheric and oceanic conditions. Thus, the fundamental theory provides an unreachable upper-bound that is only attainable via unlimited resources. Capital would likely be better spent on endeavors such as improved forecasting and near-shore infrastructure.
The effect of Zn metal on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of Organic Phthalocyanine (Pc) material-Electrical characterization
Authors: Benhaliliba M.
Published: April 2022

Organic Phthalocyanine (Pc) material is studied when Zn cation is inserted in such molecule. Effect of zinc cation on nonlinear optical properties is evidenced. Experimental Raman spectrum and theoretical spectrum of ZnPc cluster using DFT method are investigated. Absorbance profile of Phtalocyanine (Pc) and Zincphthalocynanine (ZnPc) using TDDFT approximation technique and experimental are compared. The density of states DOS are plotted and LUMO- HOMO energies are found to be -2.28 and − 7.41 eV for Pc and − 2.28 and − 6.08 eV for ZnPc. High transparency of ZnPc film is observed within visible band and optical band gap of 3.83 eV is determined. Evaluated at 1.4 eV Urbach energy of ZnPc is then determined. A (213)-oriented monoclinic crystalline structure of ZnPc thin film is observed by X-ray pattern. A selective wavelength of 360 nm is recorded and filter optical properties are confirmed. High rectifying behavior of ZnPc/Si/Al is demonstrated and SCLC conduction mechanism is dominant inside the organic device.
A compact Black Hole Algorithm for localization of mobile sensor network
Authors: Zheng Wei-Min , Xu Shi-Lei , Pan Jeng-Shyang , Chai Qing-Wei , Hu Pei
Published: April 2022

In mobile wireless sensor networks, localization accuracy and cost are the key issues to be considered. This paper is committed to solving the localization problem of mobile sensor networks. We propose an improved Black Hole (BH) algorithm based on compact strategy and elitist learning strategy. An improved Monte Carlo localization (IMCL) algorithm based on multi-hop combines the novel algorithm to deal with the localization problem of mobile sensor networks. The performance of the novel algorithm is verified on 28 test functions of CEC 2013 and compared with other standard optimization algorithms. The results reveal that the novel algorithm has first-class performance. In the simulation experiment, the novel algorithm and several optimization algorithms are applied to IMCL. The comparison results show that the new heuristic algorithm combined with IMCL can provide more competitive results in mobile node localization.
Excitonic resonances control the temporal dynamics of nonlinear optical wave mixing in monolayer semiconductors
Authors: Bauer Jonas , Chen Lijue , Wilhelm Philipp , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Bange Sebastian , Lupton John , Lin Kai-Qiang
Published: April 2022

Monolayer semiconductors are emerging platforms for strong nonlinear light-matter interaction, which is enhanced by the giant oscillator strength of tightly bound excitons. Little attention has been paid to the impact of excitonic resonances on the temporal dynamics of nonlinear light-matter interaction, since harmonic generation and optical-wave mixing are generally considered instantaneous processes. We find that a significant time difference, ranging from -40 fs to +120 fs, is necessary between two light pulses for optimal sum-frequency generation (SFG) and four-wave mixing (FWM) to occur from monolayer WSe2 when one of the pulses is in resonance with an excitonic transition. These resonances involve both band-edge A-excitons (AX) as well as high-lying excitons (HX) comprising electrons from conduction bands far above the gap. Numerical simulations of the density-matrix evolution reproduce and explain the distinct dynamics of SFG and FWM. The interpulse delays for maximal SFG and FWM are governed primarily by the lifetime of the one-photon and two-photon resonant states, respectively. The method therefore offers an unconventional probe of excitonic dynamics that are either one-photon or two-photon allowed. Remarkably, the longest delay times occur at the lowest excitation powers, indicating a strong nonlinearity that offers exploration potential for excitonic quantum nonlinear optics.
Electronic and optical properties of boron nitride nanoribbons exploiting DFT
Authors: zare Rohoolah , Badehian Hojat Allah
Published: April 2022

We use density functional theory (DFT) and the SIESTA code to investigate the electronic bandgap and optical spectra of zigzag boron nitride nanoribbons n-ZBNNRs (n=18, 22, 26, 30). The electronic structure of the simulated nanoribbons reveals that they are semiconductors with a bandgap of 2.65-3.94 eV. For energies greater than 5eV, the real part of the dielectric function suggests that ZBNNRs are negative refractive index materials. n-ZBNNRs also have a lower static refractive index than armchair graphene nanoribbons. The fundamental reason is because the boron nitride nanoribbons have localized electrons. For light polarization that is perpendicular or parallel to the layer, the optical absorption of n-ZBNNRs (n=18, 22, 26, 30) is anisotropic. Moreover, the first optical bandgap is about 6 eV and 5 eV for the y and z polarizations, respectively. The maximum optical extinction occurs at E≈6-7 eV for the y polarization and E≈5-6 eV for the z-direction. Besides, by around 6 eV for the y polarization (and 5 eV for the z polarization), σ is almost 1500 Ω −1 cm −1 (and 860-1500 Ω −1 cm −1 ). The imaginary part of the optical conductivity indicates that for the low energy range, n-ZBNNRs (n=18, 22, 26, 30) supply the conditions of the transverse-electric (TE) mode existence. In addition, for eV and , n-ZBNNRs (n=18, 22, 26, 30) support the transverse-magnetic (TM) plasmons.
Multi-scale analysis of runoff changes in the Xijiang River Basin of China based on Extreme-Point Symmetric Mode Decomposition Method
Authors: Li Jiqing , Zhang Peng , Deng Shilang
Published: April 2022

With multiple time-scale periodic components and non-periodic components such as trends and abrupt change, the runoff sequence is complex and changeable. The rule of runoff changes provides a scientific and reasonable reference for the rational development and utilization of water resources, reservoir operation, and improvement of hydrological forecasting accuracy. In this paper, the Extreme-Point Symmetric Mode Decomposition Method (ESMD) was adopted to analyze the trend, period and abrupt change of annual, monthly and daily runoff sequences of Tian’e Station, Qianjiang Station, Wuzhou Station, Liuzhou Station, Wuxuan Station and Dahuangjiangkou Station in the mainstream and tributaries of the Xijiang River Basin in China. The Mann-Kendall method and the wavelet analysis method were used to compare the results of the ESMD method. The research results show that in terms of space, the runoff change in the mainstream of the Xijiang River demonstrates a decreasing trend to different degrees, and the decreasing trend in the upper and middle reaches is more significant than that in the lower reaches; in terms of time, the annual runoff sequences of the Xijiang River Basin have the inter-annual period of 3 years, 5-8 years, 13 years and 23 years, and the monthly and daily runoff sequences have the intra-annual period of 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 4-5 years, 11-13 years and 22 years; the abrupt changes of the 6 stations in the main and tributary streams are different, with the sudden change points concentrated after 1980. The ESMD method can simultaneously analyze the runoff sequences from the three aspects of trend, period and abrupt change, and provides a new perspective for the analysis of the law of runoff at multiple time scales.
A graph-based approach for the visualisation and analysis of bacterial pangenomes
Authors: Harling-Lee Joshua D , Gorzynski Jamie , Yebra Gonzalo , Angus Tim , Fitzgerald J Ross , Freeman Tom C
Published: April 2022

The advent of low cost, high throughput DNA sequencing has led to the availability of thousands of complete genome sequences for a wide variety of bacterial species. Examining and interpreting genetic variation on this scale represents a significant challenge to existing methods of data analysis and visualisation. Starting with the output of standard pangenome analysis tools, we provide scripts to generate input files for a new open-source network analysis platform called Graphia. We describe the generation and analysis of interactive, 3D network graphs to explore the structure of a bacterial populations, the distribution of genes across a population, and the syntenic order in which those genes occur. Both the analysis and the visualisation are scalable to datasets of thousands of genome sequences. We anticipate that the approaches presented here will be of great utility to the microbial research community, allowing faster, more intuitive, and flexible interaction with pangenomes datasets, thereby enhancing interpretation of these complex data.
Phylo-taxonogenomic reconciliations of genus Streptococcus reveals the existence of sixteen novel genomospecies
Authors: Kumar Sanjeet , Bansal Kanika , Sethi Santosh Kumar
Published: April 2022

Over two centuries, genus Streptococcus has been extensively explored in clinical and industrial settings. However, its taxonomy is based on low-resolution methods such as biochemical, housekeeping genes, or conserved sequence identity of species groups resulting in various amendments. In the current study, we have used genome similarities and phylogeny to provide a robust taxonomic framework of 115 type strains and 23 unclassified species. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA suggests no integrity of the earlier classified species groups, which cannot be used as a taxonomic classification. Whole genome phylogeny counter supports the non-existence of the earlier defined species groups. Genome similarity assessment suggest the existence of sixteen novel genomospecies including some of the amendments in the earlier classified species and subspecies. Highly stringent antibiotic resistance genes search resulted in widespread of fluoroquinolones resistance. Interestingly, no well-curated antibiotic resistance genes were not found in 42 genomes, including strains of probiotic importance like S. thermophilus NCTC 12958 (T) and S. salivarius NCTC 8618 (T), etc. However, presence of partial hits for resistance genes in such strains requires further experimental validation before their downstream application.