bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los Conceptos en Evolución sobre Diabetes
Authors: Malacara Juan Manuel , Garay-Sevilla Ma. Eugenia
Published: October 2019

Los conceptos sobre la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 han evolucionado rápidamente. Actualmente se cuestionan las bases conceptuales y la utilidad práctica del síndrome metabólico, aunque la importancia de sus componentes sigue vigente. La defi nición actual de la prediabetes también parece endeble, como un medio para identifi car la etapa preclínica de la enfermedad. La resistencia a la insulina aunque ya no se identifi ca como la causa principal de la diabetes mellitus, tiene un componente muy importante que debe ser considerado, que es el hígado graso no alcohólico. Por otra parte la defi ciente secreción de insulina se considera la condición sine qua non para la instalación de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, pero su defecto principal no ha sido identifi cado aunque si diversos factores coadyuvantes. Se han identificado cerca de 15 genes asociados a la enfermedad, pero se calcula que solo explican cerca del 15% de su variabilidad. Por ello se explora la importancia de las improntas perinatales, como el peso al nacer, las condiciones metabólicas de la madre y la alimentación el primer año de vida. La importancia de la alimentación tanto en calidad como en cantidad, ahora se examina con más detalle mediante el estudio del efecto de la ingesta de AGEs (productos finales de glucosilación avanzada) y los ácidos grasos trans, que parecen participar en la fisiopatología y el curso clínico de la diabetes.
Supersimetrías y Parasimetrías de la Ecuación de Riccati
Authors: Reyes Marco A. , Socorro José
Published: October 2019

Se describe cómo la ecuación de Riccati nos permite definir de manera coloquial diferentes simetrías en ecuaciones de la física matemática. En particular utilizamos la definición de supersimetría en Mecánica Cuántica, obtenida al desarrollar la segunda solución de Riccati para las ecuaciones del modelo, para introducir la parasimetría de otras ecuaciones de la física matemática y de otras áreas de las ciencias.
Evaluación de rendimiento de compuestos de ajo tipo Taiwán
Authors: Pérez Moreno Luis , Navarro León Martha Juana , Mendoza Celedón Briseida , Ramírez Malagón Rafael
Published: October 2019

Se evaluó el rendimiento y variables de calidad de compuestos de ajo (Allium sativum L.), durante el ciclo otoño-invierno 2008-2009, en San Luis de la Paz, Gto., México. Se emplearon compuestos de ajo del tipo Taiwán, con resultados variables de acuerdo a su genotipo. Entre los compuestos sobresalieron por su altura de planta, rendimiento de bulbo, mayor peso promedio de bulbo y menor número de dientes por bulbo los siguientes: el Compuesto 4 (El pato, bodegas, Salamanca, Gto.), el Compuesto 5 (Santa Teresa, tabla III, Salamanca, Gto.), y el Compuesto 1 (Ajo sano, varias regiones del Edo. de Gto.). Es importante continuar con el programa de mejoramiento genético de ajo para el estado de Guanajuato, basado en selección de nuevas líneas de entre los compuestos mejores y con ayuda de técnicas como la eliminación de virus, para mejorar rendimiento y calidad del ajo.
Efecto de la humedad y compactación de un Ultisol de la sabana del estado Monagas sobre la concentración de clorofila y carotenoides, lavado de electrolitos y contenido relativo de agua en plantas de soya
Authors: Trujillo G. María E. , Méndez N. Jesús R. , Hossne G. Américo J. , Parra D. Francisco J.
Published: October 2019

A finales del año 2008, se realizó un ensayo a nivel de invernadero para determinar el comportamiento de la concentración de clorofila a, b, a+b y carotenoides, el lavado de electrolitos y contenido relativo de agua en el cultivo de Soya, con respecto a la humedad y compactación de un suelo Ultisol, debido a que estos dos factores son una limitante muy común en los suelos agrícolas del estado Monagas. Se trabajó bajo un diseño de bloques al azar en arreglo factorial (4 x 4) donde se estudió la interacción de cuatro niveles de compactación a través de diferentes número de golpes por capa (0, 12, 24, 36) y cuatro niveles de humedad a través de la variación de las frecuencias de riego (todos los días, cada dos días, cada tres días y cada cuatro días), luego del análisis de varianza y posterior análisis de regresión se concluyó que el factor más influyente en las variables evaluadas fue la frecuencia de riego.
Desarrollo de un método analítico para la determinación de plaguicidas organoclorados como modificación de la NOM-021-ZOO-1995
Authors: Rodríguez Valdés Osvaldo Nicolás , Velázquez Chong Laura Renné , Soto Alvarado Sonia del Carmen , Rodríguez Ventura Guillermo , Sánchez López Eduardo
Published: October 2019

Se desarrolló un nuevo método con un sistema GC/PTV/EI/MSMS, orientado a la detección y cuantificación de 21 plaguicidas organoclorados en grasa de ganado bovino: α-BHC, γ-BHC (lindano), β-BHC, δ-BHC, Heptacloro, Aldrín, Heptacloro epóxido, γ-clordano, α-clordano, Endosulfan I, p,p’-DDE, Diedrín, Endrín, Endosulfan II, p,p’-DDD, Endrín aldehído, p,p’-DDT, Endosulfan sulfato, Metoxicloro y Mirex, como una propuesta de mejora tecnológica, para el cumplimiento de la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-004-ZOO-1994 basándose en la metodología de extracción según la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-021-ZOO-1995. Se utilizó un sistema de cromatografía gaseosa con analizador de trampa de iones, con un controlador automático de flujo en el espectrómetro de masas. Aumentando la presión en la trampa de iones con altos flujos de helio para la optimización en la selección del ion precursor de cada plaguicida y amplificando las señales de los iones producto, se lograron mediciones por MSMS con valores de sensibilidad que superan a los detectores de captura electrónica, se obtuvieron de coeficientes de correlación ≥ 0,990, alcanzando recuperaciones en grasa de bovino entre 60 % -120 %, cumpliendo el método con las exigencias de las Normas Oficiales Mexicanas.
Entrecruzamiento en medio acuoso del biomaterial pericárdico bovino con un prepolímero de poliuretano
Authors: Mendoza-Novelo Birzabith , Mata-Mata José Luis
Published: October 2019

Los tejidos animales destinados a la fabricación de dispositivos médicos requieren de tratamientos químicos para mejorar su durabilidad. Varias técnicas se han propuesto para preservar tales tejidos biológicos ricos en colágeno. En este estudio se reporta una nueva estrategia para entrecruzar pericardio bovino (PB) con un prepolímero de poliuretano (PUP) soluble en agua con grupos isocianato protegidos. La disminución del contenido de grupos amino libres (70 %) y el correspondiente incremento de la temperatura de encogimiento (13 °C) para PB tratado con PUP, indican la participación de los grupos amino del tejido en el proceso de estabilización. La resistencia a la digestión con colagenasa de PB tratado con PUP indican una estabilidad in vitro similar al tejido entrecruzado con glutaraldehído. Se puede concluir que el PUP bloqueado es un agente efectivo para la fijación en medio acuoso de tejidos biológicos de interés biomédico.
Formación de híbridos de maíz de cruza múltiple partiendo de híbridos comerciales
Authors: Torres-Morales Juan José , Chapa-Elizondo José Alfredo , Martínez-Jaime Oscar Alejandro , Bucio-Villalobos Carlos Manuel
Published: October 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo fue obtener y comparar 30 híbridos experimentales de maíz de cruza múltiple provenientes de híbridos comerciales que fungieron como progenitores. Se establecie­ron ensayos de rendimiento en las localidades: El Llanito, San Antonio y Márquez, municipio de Irapuato, Gto., México, en diseños látice simple 7 x 7. Los materiales se evaluaron en forma conjunta y se analizaron por estabilidad de rendimiento para seis carácteres: altura de planta, altura de mazorca, longitud de mazorca, porcentaje de acame, porcentaje de cuateo y rendimiento de grano. Se encontró respuesta de los materiales a los diferentes ambientes y los ambientes presentaron diferentes expresiones de los carácteres. Cinco cruzas múltiples fueron declaradas estables para los seis carácteres: León x Tigre, Lince x León, 30G54 x León, 30G45 x Tigre y Aspros-948 x Tigre, mientras que las cruzas Lince x Tigre y DK-2002 x León fueron consistentes con buena respuesta en ambientes favorables, para altura de planta y rendimien­to de grano. Los híbridos comerciales: Oso, Aspros-900, DK-2020, DK-2000, Bida-33, Vida-55 y DK-2002 resultaron los más sobresalientes para estabilidad de rendimiento con 11.12 t/ha, 10.81 t/ha, 10.63 t/ha, 10.11 t/ha, 9.78 t/ha, 9.77 t/ha y 9.47 t/ha, además el DK-2020 resultó mejor para ambientes con limitada tecnología de producción (10.63 t/ha), misma cla­sificación para la cruza DK-2002 x León que fue la más sobresaliente de todas con 9.33 t/ha. Se concluyó que al utilizar esta tecnología, el productor puede producir semilla de maíz sin necesidad de generar las líneas experimentales que conforman a los híbridos comerciales.
Forecast of Wind Speed with a Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec Region in the State of Oaxaca, Mexico
Authors: Cortés Pérez Ernesto , Nuñez Rodríguez Airel , Moreno De La Torre Rosa Edith , Lastres Danguillecourt Orlando , Dorrego Portela José Rafael
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the preliminary results of setting up an artificial neural network (ANN) of the feed forward type with the backpropagation training method for forecast wind speed in the region in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. The database used covers the years from June 2008 - November 2011, and was supplied by a meteorological station located at the Isthmus University campus Tehuantepec. The experiments were done using the following variables: wind speed, pressure, temperature and date. At the same time were done seven tests combining these variables, comparing their mean square error (MSE) and coefficient correlation r, with data the predicting and experimental. In this research, is proposed a ANN of two hidden layers, for a forecast of 48 hours.
Object Tracking based on Fuzzy Color Blobs
Authors: Montecillo-Puente Francisco-Javier , Ayala-Ramirez Victor
Published: October 2019

One of the mayor goals in computer vision is object representation. Object representation aims to determine a set of features that best represents a specific object in an image, for example interest points, edges, color and texture. However, objects are generally composed of several regions containing different information which is more or less convenient to be represented by one of these features. Furthermore, each of these regions could be static or moving with respect to each other. In this sense, this paper presents an object representation based on fuzzy color blobs and spatial relationships among them. This approach of object representation is used to track rigid and articulated objects.
Development of a plug-in for Variability Modeling in Software Product Lines
Authors: Cortés-Verdín María Karen , López-Araujo María Lucía , Ocharán-Hernández Jorge Octavio
Published: October 2019

Software Product Lines (SPL) take economic advantage of commonality and variability among a set of software systems that exist within a specific domain. Therefore, Software Product Line Engineering defines a series of processes for the development of a SPL that consider commonality and variability during the software life cycle. Variability modeling is therefore an essential activity in a Software Product Line Engineering approach. There are several techniques for variability modeling nowadays. COVAMOF stands out among them since it allows the modeling of variation points, variants and dependencies as first class elements. COVAMOF, therefore, provides an uniform manner for representing such concepts in different levels of abstraction within a SPL. In order to take advantage of COVAMOF benefits, it is necessary to have a computer aided tool, otherwise variability modeling and management canbe a hard tasks for the software engineer. This paper presents the development of a Eclipse plug-in for COVAMOF.
Abriendo caminos en la extensión universitaria, realidad y perspectiva
Authors: Gómez González Susell , Riverón Hernández Karina , Maceo Vargas Arianna , Cisneros Sánchez Mario
Published: October 2019

“Abriendo caminos en la extensión universitaria, realidad y perspectiva” se constituye un acercamiento al tema y tratamiento del proceso de extensión universitaria, toda vez que se comprende su contribución al desarrollo sociocultural en las universidades y a su papel integrador de procesos tales como la investigación y la formación científico-académico. El acercamiento se realiza a través de un estudio bibliográfico, pues no existen antecedentes de éste en el contexto universitario de Granma (provincia en la que se ubica la universidad en la cual se realiza el estudio). A través de la comparación y la sistematización de expe­riencias -basándose los autores en un diagnóstico participativo-, se logra en este trabajo exponer las principales cuestiones en el orden teórico y se muestran acciones concretas realizadas en pos de la formación de profesionales competentes y comprometidos con el encargo social de las universidades cubanas. Sirva pues lo planteado como una contribu­ción a la reubicación del objeto de la extensión universitaria como función y proceso en el desarrollo de las comunidades universitarias.
Evaluación de daños por patógenos fúngicos en Pinus y Quercus del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna “La Primavera” Jalisco, México
Authors: Claudio Gracía Luz Elena , Góngora Rojas Fidel , Toledo González Sandra Luz , Jaime Granados Román , García Quiñones Esteban
Published: October 2019

El Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna “La Primavera” es la masa boscosa con mayor in­fluencia hídrico-ambiental de la zona metropolitana de Guadalajara. En la presente inves­tigación se evaluaron los daños por patógenos fúngicos de Pinus y Quercus, ya que ambos géneros presentan daños visibles. El 93 % de los árboles están dañados; las enfermedades más frecuentes en Pinus son tizón foliar (Lophodermium sp.) y royas de las acículas (Coles­porium sp.); la especie más afectada es P. oocarpa Shiede ex Schltdl; en Quercus los pade­cimientos más comunes son manchas foliares (Pestalotia sp.), cánceres y tumores en los fustes, siendo la especie más dañada Q. magnoliifolia Née. Al tratarse de un área protegida, se recomienda establecer un sistema de monitoreo fitopatológico permanente de las espe­cies ecológicamente importantes para conocer la dinámica de las enfermedades presentes y establecer acciones de manejo fitopatológico apropiadas, ello para contar con garantía con ecosistemas sanos en el área natural protegida.
Editorial
Authors: Guzmán Cabrera Rafael
Published: October 2019

La información disponible en formato electrónico crece grandemente día a día debido a las facilidades que ofrecen hoy los medios de almacenamiento (por ejemplo, los grandes repositorios de información como la Web). Sin embargo, un reto actual para los usuarios es encontrar información verdaderamente relevante, ya que, al ser tan grande el volumen de información, se requieren mejores instrumentos de búsqueda que permitan acceder a ésta de una manera ordenada y, lo más importante, de modo relevante a una consulta hecha por un usuario interesado. En este sentido, la revista Acta Universitaria, con la finalidad de proporcionar a sus lectores un mejor servicio, desde este año se dio a la tarea de realizar el proceso de recepción, evaluación, dictamen y publicación de trabajos cien por ciento en formato electrónico, lo cual ha le permitido una evolución. Además de esto, se han puesto todos los números publicados disponibles en Internet, fácilmente accesibles desde un intuitivo sistema de búsqueda que se ha reflejado en un mayor número de visitas a nuestra revista. Aunado a este hecho, en los últimos días, Acta Universitaria ha sido incorporada en dos nuevas bases de datos: MIAR, una base de datos española que ha favorecido el incremento de la revista en el índice de difusión, pasando de un 3,73 en 2008 a un 6,37 en 2012; la otra, Zeitschriftendatenbank (ZDB), una base de datos alemana que permitirá que los trabajos publicados en la revista sean vistos por más personas en el mundo. Ello nos llena de gusto.
Índices climatológicos regionales para la Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato
Authors: Martínez Arredondo J. C. , Ortega-Chávez V. M. , Ramos Arroyo Y. R.
Published: October 2019

Se realizó una clasificación del clima en la región Sierra Gorda de Guanajuato (SGG), analizando información de 48 estaciones climatológicas disponibles y las características topográficas de la zona. El factor continental (distancia a la costa) y la sombra orográfica de la Sierra Madre Oriental son los factores principales que influyen en el clima de la SGG. Se cartografiaron las variables que influyen en el régimen climático, tales como temperatura mínima, temperatura máxima, precipitación y evaporación potencial. A partir de estos mapas se exploran otras clasificaciones climáticas que inciden en el manejo integral de cuencas, por ejemplo los índices tanto de sequía como de aridez. Los climas más frecuentes, según la elevación sobre el nivel del mar y la distribución de lluvia en invierno, son el semicálido seco y el templado subhúmedo; además, el régimen de lluvia en la SGG es dominado por una sequía intraestival, conocida como “canícula”. Estos escenarios climáticos ubican a la SGG en una región vulnerable a los efectos del clima seco, sin embargo, en la zona se presenta un régimen hidrológico húmedo debido a las descargas de agua subterránea (acuíferos fracturados y cársticos). El mayor volumen de agua de lluvia deriva de los ciclones que entran por el Golfo de México en los meses de septiembre y octubre. Con este análisis se pretende incidir en una estrategia de manejo integral del agua, con el objetivo de ser menos vulnerable a las variaciones climáticas y a la presencia de fenómenos meteorológicos extremos
Precariedad laboral de los jóvenes ocupados en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Solari Estefanía
Published: October 2019

En el presente trabajo se analiza la precariedad laboral de los jóvenes ocupados en la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, de acuerdo con las dimensiones de temporalidad, insuficiencia salarial y desprotección laboral. En primer lugar, se generan indicadores que permitan evaluar las mencionadas dimensiones, luego mediante modelos de regresión logística se determina qué factores individuales inciden en las mismas. Del análisis podemos destacar que cuanto mayor es la edad, en caso de tener educación secundaria completa, ser jefe de hogar y estar en pareja, se incrementan las probabilidades de contar con aportes jubilatorios y alcanzar el salario mínimo, lo opuesto ocurre en caso de ser mujer. Por el contrario, en el caso de ser mujer la probabilidad disminuye. Por último, entre las conclusiones se debe enfatizar la gran importancia que tiene la finalización de los estudios secundarios por parte de los jóvenes y la trascendencia de generar políticas públicas que atenúen el problema.
La diáspora transnacional purépecha en Estados Unidos
Authors: Leco Tomás Casimiro
Published: October 2019

En este artículo se estudia la conformación de una nueva diáspora: la purépecha, originaria de una región indígena del estado de Michoacán, México, que actualmente registra una pre­sencia importante de su población viviendo en Estados Unidos. Dada la cercanía geográfica entre ambos países, estos individuos mantienen una estrecha comunicación y movilización entre localidades, dando paso a la conformación de “comunidades purépechas transnacio­nales”. Dicha comunidad presenta características que distinguen a este sector, que le dan sentido a su identidad étnica y que fortalece la noción de diáspora.
¿Cómo se quedan “las que se quedan”? Diseño y aplicación de un taller de intervención comunitaria para mujeres con familiares migrantes de Michoacán a Estados Unidos
Authors: Martínez Ruiz Diana Tamara , Guillén Villicaña Daniela Berenice , Contreras Zavala Verónica Montserrat
Published: October 2019

La migración México-Estados Unidos, es una situación que viven miles de hogares mexi­canos, de acuerdo con Moctezuma (2009) el estado de Michoacán ocupa el segundo lugar en cifras de mayor incidencia migratoria en el país. Esto sugiere la pertinencia de estudios sobre los sucesos que viven las familias transnacionales, al enfrentarse con los efectos de la migración en sus hogares; en muchos casos, los hogares conformados por migrantes son encabezados por las mujeres: esposas, hijas, madres de migrantes; en quienes recaen diversas funciones y responsabilidades como la procuración de la unión familiar entre fa­miliares migrantes y no migrantes, la educación de los hijos, el ahorro y la administración de recursos con que cuenta el hogar (Salgado de Snyder & Maldonado 1993). El presente estudio forma parte de los resultados de un proyecto de investigación más amplio y surge como una alternativa de apoyo ante las diversas situaciones que enfrentan las mujeres que se quedan como representantes de la jefatura del hogar. Se realizó el diseño y aplicación de una intervención comunitaria, a través del Taller de Sensibilización Gestalt basado en técnicas gestálticas, como resultado del trabajo de campo realizado con grupos de mujeres con familiares migrantes. Como resultados se presentan algunos logros derivados de la in­tervención comunitaria, tales como: autoexploración de necesidades, toma de decisiones y conformación de redes de apoyo basada en confianza y solidaridad.
Pattern based optical memory in rubidium vapor
Authors: Korneev Nikolai , Torres Y. M.
Published: October 2019

We investigated the optical transverse pattern produced by counterpropagating two waves through a rubidium vapor cell in presence of a longitudinal magnetic field. A bistable behav­ior is observed. The optical switching process between two of these patterns is carried out us­ing three different mechanisms: mechanical closing of a pump beam, modulation of a pump beam intensity and modulation of additional beam intensity. A rapid switching of less than 10 μs between patterns can be carried out with a 2 μw power beam.
Slow light in photonic crystals waveguides
Authors: López-Galmiche G. , Vázquez-Guardado A. , De León I. , Sánchez-Mondragón J. J.
Published: October 2019

We analyzed the scattering produced by technological imperfections in a strip photonic crystal waveguide. Modeling and losses analysis of the slow light structures were carried out by plane wave expansion method using the MPB software.
Vectorial mechanism of nonlinearity enhancement in rubidium vapor
Authors: Korneev Nikolai , Gutiérrez Parra Chrystian
Published: October 2019

We report the calculations of vectorial nonlinear properties of rubidium vapor for 87Rb D2 transition at moderate intensities. Different from Kerr nonlinearity, optimal intensity exists here, which depends on beam geometry. For intensities close to the optimal, the vectorial mechanism is much more efficient than a scalar one.
Experimental noise-induced on-off intermittency in two bidirectionally-coupled diode lasers
Authors: Campos Mejía Alfredo , Pisarchik Alexander
Published: October 2019

Intermittent switches between chaotic and steady-state regimes are observed in experiments with two mutually-coupled diode lasers subject to common white gaussian noise. Both time series and power spectrum analyses yield typical scaling laws for on-off intermittency.
Numerical study of few-cycle pulses generation from supercontinuum in ANDi-PCF
Authors: Shulika O. , Sukhoivanov I. , Iakushev S. , Guryev I. , Andrade Lucio J. , Ibarra Manzano O. , Barrientos García A. , Ramos Ortiz G.
Published: October 2019

This paper presents the design of all-normal dispersion photonic-crystal fiber optimized for pulse-preserving supercontinuum generation near 800 nm. The supercontinuum generation is analyzed numerically addressing the role of pump pulse energy and the pump wavelength deviation from the zeroth point of third-order dispersion. We have also shown that supercontinuum generated in designed ANDi-PCF from a few nanojoule 100 fs pulses can be efficiently compressed down to a sub-10-fs pulse with a simple quadratic compressor.
A Brief Review on the Use of Chelation Agents in Sol-gel Synthesis with Emphasis on β-Diketones and β-Ketoesters
Authors: Kurajica Sanislav
Published: October 2019

Metal alkoxides are the most commonly used sol-gel process precursors. Most

alkoxides show excessive reactivity towards water. That leads to rapid hydrolysis, metal

hydroxide formation, and immediate precipitation. The reactivity of alkoxides can be

reduced by modification with chelation agents. Chelation influences the gelation process,

which is reflected in gel structure and properties of the final material. In this short review,

the chelation process, the oligomerization phenomena, and the influence of the chelating agent on the gel structure are discussed. Peculiarities of the use of FTIR and NMR, as methods particularly suitable for the investigation of chelation process, are described taking ethyl acetoacetate as an example.
Echocardiographic assessment of transposition of the great arteries and congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Cohen Meryl S. , Mertens Luc L.
Published: October 2019

Echocardiographic assessment of patients with transposition of the great arteries and congenitally corrected transposition requires awareness of the morphology and commonly associated lesions. The pre-operative echocardiography should include a full segmental and sequential analysis. Post-operative assessment is not possible without awareness of the type of surgical procedure performed and consists of assessing surgical connections and residual lesions.
Modern conflict theory: challenges, explication, demarcation, classification
Authors: Denisenko Iryna
Published: October 2019

This article is an attempt to find a basis for the systematization of the most famous variants of theoretical constructs of the conflict proposed by Western social science.
To achieve this goal, the author refers to the analysis of the publications of the leading representatives of conflictological direction of modern social science and known experts in the methodology of science.
Major social policy priorities in the eyes Ukrainian population
Authors: Balakireva Olga , Dmytruk Dmytro
Published: October 2019

Presented the results of the Ukrainian population survey concerning the state and the main priorities of government social policy, the idea of social justice and its compliance.
Knowledge of food habit and other daily habit are the determinants of health status: A study among the students of Chattogram regions
Authors: Al-Mamun Abdullah , Debnath Pabitra , Siddika Farida , Jahedul Islam Mohammed
Published: October 2019

Background: Health is wealth. Success, happiness, development, and almost everything of life depend largely on good health condition. Health status of each individual varies on age, gender, food habits, physical activities, lifestyle, ethnicity and culture. To ensure a prosperous future, students’ health needs to be taken care of as they are the boatmen of any nation.

Objectives: To uphold the awareness regarding health education, daily activities, food habits and health status among the student community across Chattogram regions of Bangladesh. Methods: After ensuring ethical approval, 651 students were randomly selected from different schools, colleges and universities across Chattogram region. The data were collected, compiled, analyzed and prepared. In this study, 62% male (n=405) and 38% female (n=246) students were enrolled.

Results: Awareness of health issues was found mostly in university students while this was rare among teenagers. Body Mass Index (BMI) among teenagers was found more fluctuated and was comparatively stable after teenage. Consciousness of cigarette smoking was found appreciable, but regular physical activity awareness should be increased more. The number of frequent internet users was not appreciable.

Conclusion: Enrolled students were from different areas across Chattogram regions of Bangladesh, where some might stay with parents, some with other relatives in distant places and in academic hostels. The students were from different religious beliefs, culture, ethnicity, and from rural or coastal areas. Based on the mentioned categories of the students’ origins, their food choices, daily habits, lifestyles and health related awareness could be different.
Bactericidal, protistocidal, nematodicidal properties and chemical composition of ethanol extract of Punica granatum peel
Authors: Palchykov V. A. , Zazharskyi V. V. , Brygadyrenko V. V. , Davydenko P. O. , Kulishenko O. M. , Borovik I. V. , Chumak V. , Kryvaya A. , Boyko O. O.
Published: October 2019

We have studied the chemical composition and antibacterial profile of ethanolic extract of Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae) on strains of microorganisms in vitro. Analysis using GC-MS showed 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (36.6%), D-sucrose (23.2%), sorbitol (6.7%), palmitic acid β-monoglyceride (5.6%), 2-furancarboxaldehyde (3.5%) and β-D-glucopyranose (3.3%) as the major components of the title extract. The experiment revealed a positive antibacterial effect of extracts obtained from P. granatum on 14 strains specifically Enterobacteriaceae microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aegorenеs, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumonia), Listeriaceae (Listeria ivanovi, L. іnnocua, L. monocytogenes) and yeasts from the family Saccharomycetaceae (Candida albicans). Our study showed that in many cases these extracts more intensively affect multi-resistant strains of microorganisms than macrolide antibiotic azithromycin and is therefore a source of molecules to be exploited in medicine or by the pharmaceutical industry. The investigated extracts of P. granatum can be recommended for further in-depth research against poly-resistant strains of the above-mentioned microorganisms. Effective drugs perform a leading role in providing stable veterinary well-being of livestock and healthcare of the population. The present study showed that the studied plant species more intensively affects multi-resistant strains of microorganisms than sodium salt of azithromycin. Lethal concentration (LC50) of ethanol extract from pomegranate for Paramecium caudatum Ehr. equaled 0.3%. Death of 100% of nematode larvae of Strongyloides papillosus (Ihle) was recorded during 24 h exposition in 20% extract of P. granatum peel.
Against Private Schools: culture, power and myths of equality
Authors: Martin Jane
Published: October 2019

England's premier league of public schools, educating less than three thousand boys, started life in medieval times as charity schools for the poor. Closely tied to the Church, they found favour as institutions of social mobility. By the turn of the eighteenth century, vandalism and
violence were endemic in many; misrule and abuses so common that they provoked one of the leading radicals in Parliament to demand that a proportion of their charitable income be invested in teacher education in a new public education in a new public school. Instead, former public schoolboys
in the corridors of power helped ensure their survival and prosperity in the late-Victorian period and beyond. Towards the end of the 1945 Labour government, public intellectual and activist R. H. Tawney said the failure to abolish private schools would undermine the effectiveness of all the
other social welfare reforms. This article takes up Tawney's challenge and provides a detailed exposition of the role and contribution of socialist activists and their forgotten radical perspective on the educational endowments they argued had been stolen from the poor.
Deficit Models, Masculinity and Boys' Achievement
Authors: Quicke John
Published: October 2019

Boys' underperformance relative to girls has been a major cause for concern in recent years. Some have seen the problem as linked to a dysfunctional antischool masculine identity. The article explores this idea via a close reading of a popular text where the focus is on boys' behaviour
and achievement in the context of a strategy for rethinking masculinity in schools. It suggests that grounding a definition of boys' achievement and identity in a deficit model is likely to result in the deviant labelling which most teachers seek to avoid. Moreover, this model is consonant
with a view of research, curriculum and pedagogy in the current period where the constraints on the development of progressive reform are only too evident.
Multiple sclerosis has a distinct lipid signature in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: OLIVEIRA Enedina Maria Lobato de , MONTANI Daniela Antunes , OLIVEIRA-SILVA Diogo , RODRIGUES-OLIVEIRA André Filipe , MATAS Sandro Luiz de Andrade , FERNANDES Gustavo Bruniera Peres , SILVA Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro da , LO TURCO Edson Guimarães
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) has changed over the last decade, but remains a composite of clinical assessment and magnetic resonance imaging to prove dissemination of lesions in time and space. The intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulin may be a nonspecific marker and there are no plasma biomarkers that are useful in the diagnosis of MS, presenting additional challenges to their early detection. Methods We performed a preliminary untargeted qualitative lipidomics mass spectrometry analysis, comparing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples from patients with MS, other inflammatory neurological diseases and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Results Lipid identification revealed that fatty acids and sphingolipids were the most abundant classes of lipids in the CSF and that glycerolipids and fatty acids were the main class of lipids in the plasma of patients with MS. The area under the curve was 0.995 (0.912–1) and 0.78 (0.583–0.917), respectively. The permutation test indicated that this ion combination was useful for distinguishing MS from other inflammatory diseases (p < 0.001 and 0.055, respectively). Conclusion This study concluded that the CSF and plasma from patients with MS bear a unique lipid signature that can be useful as a diagnostic biomarker.
Influence of adapted hip-hop dancing on quality of life and social participation among children/adolescents with cerebral palsy
Authors: WITHERS Joseana Wendling , MUZZOLON Sandra Baggio , ZONTA Marise Bueno
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT To describe the influence of adapted hip-hop dancing on the quality of life (QoL) and biopsychosocial profile of children/adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods Pilot study including 18 children/adolescents with CP and Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I and II. Nine participants took part in an adapted hip-hop dance practice (study group; SG), and nine others served as the control group (CG). All participants were assessed with the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument and the Child Behavior Checklist at baseline and after at least three months of dance practice and a public performance (SG) or a similar period without intervention (CG). Results Improvement in QoL was observed in the SG in the domains of transfer and basic mobility (p = 0.00*), sporting and physical function (p = 0.04*), and global function and symptoms (p = 0.01*). In the SG, there was a reduction in emotional and behavioral problems and an increase in social competence in the biopsychosocial profile. Greater participation in adapted hip-hop dancing was associated with a greater gain in the transfer and basic mobility domains (p = 0.05*) of the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument and in the activities (p = 0.05*) and social (p = 0.04*) scales of the Child Behavior Checklist. Conclusions Children/adolescents with CP participating in adapted hip-hop dance practice showed improvement in QoL and biopsychosocial profile scores.
Analysis of Caspase-9 protein and microRNAs miR-21, miR-126 and miR-155 related to the apoptosis mechanism in the cerebellum of rats submitted to focal cerebral ischemia associated with an alcoholism model
Authors: SILVA Jairo Pinheiro da , LIZARTE NETO Fermino Sanches , CIRINO Mucio Luiz de Assis , CARVALHO Camila Albuquerque Melo de , CARLOTTI JR Carlos Gilberto , COLLI Benedicto Oscar , TIRAPELLI Daniela Pretti da Cunha , TIRAPELLI Luís Fernando
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the cerebellum of rats submitted to an experimental focal cerebral ischemia, by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 minutes, followed by reperfusion for 48 hours, associated with an alcoholism model. Methods Fifty adult Wistar rats were used, subdivided into five experimental groups: control group (C): animals submitted to anesthesia only; sham group (S): animals submitted to complete simulation of the surgical procedure; ischemic group (I): animals submitted to focal cerebral ischemia for 90 minutes followed by reperfusion for 48 hours; alcoholic group (A): animals that received daily absolute ethanol diluted 20% in water for four weeks; and, ischemic and alcoholic group (I + A): animals receiving the same treatment as group A and, after four weeks, submitted to focal cerebral ischemia for 90 minutes, followed by reperfusion for 48 hours. The cerebellum samples were collected and immunohistochemical analysis of Caspase-9 protein and serum analysis by RT-PCR of microRNAs miR-21, miR-126 and miR155 were performed. Results The expression of Caspase-9 was higher in groups I, A and I + A. In the microRNAs analyses, miR-126 was higher in groups A and I + A, miR-155 was higher in groups I and I + A. Conclusions We conclude that apoptosis occurs in the cerebellar cortex, even if it is distant from the ischemic focus, and that microRNAs 126 and 155 show a correlation with cellular apoptosis in ischemic rats and those submitted to the chronic alcohol model.
Neurological signs described at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro: connecting the past to the future
Authors: MERMELSTEIN Sofia Abreu , PEREIRA Victor Evangelista Rodrigues , GONÇALVES João Paulo da Costa , COSTA Flavio Henrique de Rezende
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) is one of the pillars of Brazilian Medicine and, in Neurology, has always shown prominence, with notable professors such as Antônio Austregésilo and Deolindo Couto. Historically, practitioners of the UFRJ Medical School have discovered neurological signs that, although used in medical and academic practice, have never been published. Objective Our aim was to bring these signs to the forefront so that they become properly recognized and studied. Methods We conducted our search by questioning 49 professors and physicians by e-mail about neurological signs that they remembered having had contact with at UFRJ. Results We report on the unpublished pillow sign in progressive supranuclear palsy; the Brazilian sandal sign in functional or malingering patients; the dermographism sign in acute meningitis; the reverse forearm rolling sign in functional palsies; the cycling maneuver in parkinsonian syndromes and the Sá Cavalcanti sign, a Babinski equivalent. We have also recollected the following published signs for their historical relevance: the Austregésilo sign (Antônio Austregésilo), another Babinski equivalent; the digiti quinti rolling sign in subtle palsies (Péricles Maranhão) and the digiti quinti sign in hemiplegic migraine (Maurice Vincent). These signs are easily reproduced and have potential clinical applicability, deserving to be more thoroughly studied. Conclusions Through a qualitative methodology, we have identified six original unpublished neurological signs known by the academic community, establishing the contribution of these individuals to the expansion of neurological semiology.
The patient with epilepsy and medicolegal aspects: a view for the neurologist
Authors: FERREIRA NETO SEGUNDO Amur , SILVA Maren de Moraes e , MERCER Pilar Bueno Siqueira , REINERT Carolina , BORGES Emerson Faria , SIQUEIRA Jacqueline Martins , BOMEDIANO Marina Pazini , WITT Maria Carolina Zavagna
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Patients with epilepsy face innumerable obstacles in daily life, related to work, permission to drive and interpersonal relationships, which require medical guidance. This paper reports a literature review based on scientific articles and civil and traffic system, as a way to resolve doubts about medical obligations in the patient’s permission to drive and work. An employment agreement requires the contractor to guarantee safety conditions as well as requiring the patient, at the pre-employment medical examination, to let the physician know previous medical conditions, including epilepsy. More than 90% of patients with epilepsy omit this information during the application assessment, thus being subject to imputation of ideological falsehood crime as disposied on article 299 of Brazilian Penal Code. Medical confidentiality breaches may only occur in specific situations. In Brazil, the authorization and driver’s license renewal is governed by the Brazilian Traffic Code (Federal Law n° 9503/1997). For patient evaluations, two groups are considered: those on antiepileptic medication and those on medication withdrawal. A favorable report from the attending physician is also required, in both categories. Seizures that occur exclusively during sleep, and focal aware events or prolonged aura are not differentiated from other seizure types disposed in the traffic law. It is the responsibility of the attending physician to analyze each patient individually to resolve conflicts between public safety and the individual patient’s independence. A frank and honest doctor-patient relationship is essential for the patient to understand the public and individual consequences of epileptic seizures and to feel comfortable seeking medical help.
Funções de Estímulos Pré-experimentais na Formação de Classes de Equivalência
Authors: Haydu Verônica Bender , Aquino Carolyne Tomaz de , Gaça Larissa Botelho , Tomanari Gerson Yukio
Published: October 2019

Resumo Relações condicionais pré-experimentais que eliciam respostas emocionais, como ciúme, podem afetar a formação de classes de equivalência? Haveria diferenças entre homens e mulheres? Para abordar essas questões, 19 participantes, de ambos os sexos, foram expostos a treinos e testes para a formação de quatro classes de equivalência, uma delas constituída pelo nome do(a) namorado(a), o nome de mulher/homem desconhecida(o) e duas figuras não-familiares. Após os testes, aplicou-se a Escala de Ciúme Romântico. Os participantes classificados com maior grau de ciúme não formaram as classes de equivalência, independentemente de serem homens ou mulheres. Sugere-se que relações pré-experimentais com funções afetivas interferiram na formação das classes de equivalência em que o nome do namorado(a) deveria ser relacionado ao nome de desconhecido(a).
Implicações da Cegueira Congênita na Imagem Corporal: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Morgado Fabiane Frota da Rocha , Neves Angela Nogueira , Fortes Leonardo Sousa , Fernandes Maria da Consolação Gomes Cunha
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Este estudo objetiva investigar, por meio de uma revisão integrativa, as principais implicações da cegueira congênita na imagem corporal. Um processo de buscas de artigos, sem limite de data de publicação, com os descritores “congenital blindness” e “congenitally blind”, nas bases SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Web of Science e PubMed, foi utilizado. Dentre as 3.612 publicações identificadas, 20 foram analisadas. Discutiu-se as implicações da cegueira em cinco áreas distintas: transtorno alimentar, representação do self, insatisfação corporal, experiência corporal e representação neural de autoconceito. Concluiu-se ser fundamental valorizar um complexo conjunto de fatores psicossociais no desenvolvimento da pessoa com cegueira congênita, que poderia impactar de modo positivo ou negativo a formação da imagem corporal.
Uso de drogas e Bullying entre adolescentes brasileiros
Authors: Sousa Bárbara de Oliveira Prado , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Stelko-Pereira Ana Carina , Chaves Erika de Cássia Lopes , Moreira Denis da Silva , Pillon Sandra Cristina
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar possíveis relações entre uso de drogas e envolvimento em bullying entre adolescentes. Participaram 1.192 adolescentes escolares, que preencheram um formulário de informações sociodemográficas, DUSI R e Escala de Violência Escolar. Enquanto o consumo de álcool, cocaína e algum tipo de droga (exceto álcool e tabaco) foi associado a ser autor de bullying, o uso de algum tipo de droga (exceto álcool e tabaco) esteve associado a ser alvo (vítima); o caso de ser alvo/autor mostrou-se associado ao uso de maconha. Idade, localização da escola e religião foram fatores relevantes para a ocorrência de bullying. Ter 12 anos, ser ateu e morar na zona urbana aumentaram as chances de ser vítima, enquanto ter 15 anos e habitar a zona urbana elevaram as possibilidades de ser alvo/autor de bullying, assim como ter 13 anos, as de ser autor. Estar envolvido em situações de bullying em qualquer posição se mostrou associado ao uso de drogas.
Relato de Experiência Docente: A Primeira Disciplina no Brasil sobre a Prática da Psicologia Baseada em Evidências Ministrada no Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Melnik Tamara , Meyer Sonia Beatriz , Sampaio Maria Imaculada Cardoso
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Este artigo relata a experiência de ensino da primeira disciplina no Brasil sobre a Prática da Psicologia Baseada em Evidências (PPBE), oferecida pelo Instituto de Psicologia da Universidade de São Paulo. O curso instruiu os alunos sobre os conceitos da PPBE, fontes de evidências primárias e secundárias, adequação da pergunta de pesquisa ao delineamento, delineamento experimental de caso único, estudos observacionais, ensaios clínicos randomizados e sobre a execução de revisões sistemáticas, com ou sem metanálise. É importante destacar que o desenvolvimento da disciplina oportunizou a reflexão sobre a importância da PPBE no âmbito clínico, acadêmico, institucional e na gestão de políticas públicas na saúde mental. Recomenda-se a inserção da disciplina na grade curricular dos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação na área da Psicologia.
Complexo de perfuração: uma interpretação a partir da teoria da sedução generalizada
Authors: Ribeiro Sarug Dagir , Belo Fábio Roberto Rodrigues
Published: October 2019

Abordamos o complexo de perfuração via teoria da sedução generalizada, focando na chamada “sexualidade orificial” e nas fantasias parentais, sobretudo a de arrombamentos dos orifícios, que acabam inoculando na criança o medo de perfuração. Consideramos que o medo da perfuração remete à realidade da mensagem (vinda do adulto) e incita a criança a traduzir o corpo estranho interno que é propriamente intrometido nela, a saber, a excitação do sexual. E é nessa penetração originária (da mensagem do outro) que localizamos a mudança no vetor de explicação do medo paralisante presente no complexo de perfuração, que no pensamento bonaparteano sai da reação protocelular.
Influência da escleroterapia ecoguiada com espuma de polidocanol na qualidade de vida na insuficiência venosa crônica de membros inferiores: resultados iniciais
Authors: Polimanti Afonso César , Pereira Lucas Abdo , Carmine Tainan Montecorado , Fürst Rafael Vilhena de Carvalho , Bezerra Alexandre Sacchetti , Corrêa João Antônio
Published: October 2019

Resumo A insuficiência venosa crônica (IVC) não só representa um prejuízo na qualidade de vida (QV), como também gera um ônus aos recursos de saúde pública. A escleroterapia ecoguiada com espuma (EEE) vem se mostrando uma boa opção, porém, seu real impacto na QV ainda é incerto. Apresentamos aqui os resultados dos primeiros 27 casos de um estudo prospectivo longitudinal não controlado para avaliação da clínica e QV submetidos a EEE em portadores de IVC CEAP C4 a C6 com contraindicação de cirurgia convencional, com avaliação seriada da clínica por meio do Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) e da QV com o questionário Assessment of Burden Chronic Disease – Venous (ABC-V). Observamos redução do VCSS de 22,2% (p < 0,001) na primeira semana e do score ABC-V de 37,8% (p = 0,003) no primeiro trimestre.