bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Exclusive Breast Feeding Practices among Mothers of Infant and Young Children in a Primary Health Care Centre, Kathmandu: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Paudel Narayani , Parajuli Puspa
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Exclusive breast feeding up to first six months of life is the safest and healthiest practice for children all over the world. Various factors may affect to the exclusive breast-feeding though it is necessary for promotion of child's health.Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with exclusive breast feeding practices among mothers of infant and young children.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Gokarna Primary Health Care Centre, Kathmandu. Total 137 mothers having at least one child 0-23 months of age, attending to Maternal and Child Health Clinic were purposively selected for the study. Consecutive sampling was done. All the mothers who meet the criteria during the period of data collection (August to September, 2017) were included in the study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu. Written consent was taken from each respondent and face to face interview technique was used to collect the data using pre-designed structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science 16.0 version. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.Results: Majority of the respondents (56.9%) had adequate knowledge on exclusive breast feeding, about 54% of the mothers had initiated breast feeding within one hour of delivery and all in all mothers had ever breast fed their child. More than one third (36.5%) of babies were given pre-lacteal fed, around two thirds of babies were breast fed exclusively at least less than one month but only around 40% of the babies had received exclusive breast feeding for six months. Exclusive breast feeding was significantly associated with, normal vaginal delivery, pre-lacteal fed given and having adequate level of knowledge regarding exclusive breast feedingConclusion: On the basis of findings, mode of delivery, pre-lacteal feeding and level of knowledge on exclusive breast feeding were the factors significantly associated with exclusive breast feeding. The practice of exclusive breast feeding for six months of age was not up to the mark. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:413-417.
Determining Relation between Gallstone and Lipid Profile
Authors: Singh Rabin Raj , Adhikari Sunil Chandra , Bastakoti Ravi , Regmi Sunil , Baskota Ravindra , Giri Kshitij
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Cholelithiasis is presence of stone in gallbladder. Female sex, obesity, pregnancy, fatty foods, all are associated with an increased risk of developing gallstones. There is paucity of information regarding relation of cholelithiasis and lipid profile. In this study the association of serum lipids to cholelithiasis has been tried to been elucidated.Objectives: The general objective was to determine the relation of Serum lipid in cholelithiasis. The specific objectives were to compare the relation between serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, serum HDL and serum LDL in patients with and without gallstones.Methodology: A prospective, observational, hospital based study was conducted at Koshi Zonal Hospital from March 2017 to February 2018. Fifty four patients having gallstone (Group A) were compared with equal number of patients without gallstone (Group B). Data was entered into SPSS/MS Excel. Statistical Analysis was done by using Chi-square test. A 95% confidence interval was taken, and P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: In Group A, 61%(33) patients were of age less than 45 years and 91%(49) were female. In group A, 3.7 %(2) and in group B, 7.4%(4) had raised serum cholesterol. Greater number of patient in group A had raised serum triglyclyceride and LDL as compared to group B. 18.5%(10) of group A had low serum HDL, and 9.3% (5) of group B had low serum HDL. Except for finding of gallstone more common in female, other findings had no statistical significance.Conclusion: There exists an inverse correlation between Serum Cholesterol and serum HDL with gallstone and positive association between serum Triglyceride and serum LDL with cholelithiasis. However the association could not reach the statistical significance.  BJHS 2018;3(2)6:418-422.
Prednisolone versus Prednisolone combined with Acyclovir for the Treatment of Bell's Palsy: A Comparative Study in Peripheral Referral Centre
Authors: Shrestha Karuna , Shah Rajeev , Sapkota Srijana , Giri Sandarva
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Bell's palsy is an idiopathic facial nerve palsy of sudden onset, usually, unilateral. Recent evidence suggests association of Herpes simplex infection with Bell's palsy but exact cause is unknown. Prednisolone are widely used in the treatment of Bell's palsy. However, the efficacy of additional treatment with acyclovir is uncertain.Objective: To evaluate whether a prednisolone with acyclovir provide a better degree of facial muscle recovery outcomes than prednisolone alone in patient with Bell's palsy.Methodology: This is a hospital based longitudinal cross sectional study conducted in Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital and Birat Hospital PVT LTD, Biratnagar, Nepal from January 2017 to May 2018. A total of 42 patient diagnosed with Bell's palsy are included in this study, where 21 patient are treated with prednisolone and remaining 21 patient treated with a combination of prednisolone and acyclovir. The House-Brackmann grading scale is used for recording the initial presentation of patient with Bell's palsy and their early recovery on follow-up visit. The collected data was analysed using SPSS 18.0.Results: The total number of patients included in this study was 42. Mean age of patients is 27.1±10 years. Among them 25 (59.5%) were male and 17(40.5%) were female where male and female ratio is 1.5:1. Prednisolone plus acyclovir given in combination in Bell's palsy patients has as 76.2% recovery while prednisolone given alone has a 57.1% recovery P value <0.195, odds ratio 2.400 (95% confidence interval 0.638 – 9.028).Conclusions: Prednisolone and acyclovir, the combined therapy is effective than prednisolone alone in the treatment of Bell's palsy. It requires confirmation with randomized controlled trial.  BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 443-446
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Parents toward their Children Oral Health Compared with their Dental Caries status
Authors: Dikshit Parajeeta , Limbu Senchhema , Gupta Sujaya , Pradhan Ruby
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Oral health is an integral component of overall health and well-being. Unfavorable oral hygiene habits cause early development of dental caries. Parents play a vital role in the oral health habits of their children. The oral care for the children can be improved by enhancing the oral health knowledge of their parents.Objectives: The objective of this study was to find out the knowledge, attitude and practices of parents toward their children oral health compared with dental caries status.Methodology: The sample consisting of 168 parent-child pair attending the Pedodontics department from November-December 2017 participated in the study after approval from Institutional review committee. A validated Nepali version of a structured questionnaire was used to collect the information on the knowledge, attitude and practice of the parents about oral health which was compared with the dental caries status of children and parents. The caries status was evaluated using the WHO criteria. The data was tabulated and subjected for statistical analysis.Results: Most of the parents (89.3 %) were aware that dental caries was the most common dental disease affecting children. Around 57.7% knew the importance of fluoride in prevention of dental caries. The children had higher dental caries rate than parents which was statistically significant. The overall oral health knowledge and attitude of the parents was adequate but their practice was inadequate. Inadequate attitude and practice of the parents had statistically significant impact on the caries status of the child.Conclusions: The parent's oral hygiene knowledge has an effect on their children oral health. So adequate education for parents is necessary to improve the influence of their dental health habits on their children's oral health.  BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 447-452.
Profile of Patients Presenting with Asthma in Pediatric OPD of Kathmandu Medical College
Authors: Bhatta Anwesh
Published: September 2018

Introduction: Asthma is the most common chronic disorder of childhood accounting for a significant proportion of childhood disability. Although asthma has been known to be a result of complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors, other added factors have been studied.Objective: This study was conducted to assess the patient characteristics and different risk factors in children with asthma.Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional study carried out at Kathmandu Medical College for duration of six months. Patients were labeled as asthma as per the diagnosis guideline of Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) 2016. After the diagnosis of asthma, patient and their caregivers sat for a face to face interview and a detailed proforma was filled up. Data was then entered in SPSS 20 and descriptive analysis was done to analyze the results.Results: A total of 69 patients labeled with the diagnosis of asthma were enrolled during the study period. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 6.44(±3.36) years. Male outnumbered the females (17:8). The study showed 45(65.2%) of the patients had a physician diagnosed allergic rhinitis while only around 5% had atopic dermatitis. Around 52.2% of the patients had a family history of atopy. Most of the patients (75.4%) enrolled in the study were labeled as mild persistent asthma followed by intermittent asthma in 18.8% and moderate persistent asthma in 5.8%.Conclusion: The study found asthma to be more prevalent in male population while mild persistent asthma was the most common severity present in the population. The most frequent risk factor for asthma found in the current study was physician diagnosed allergic rhinitis.  BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 480-483.
Case Report: Newborn with Anorectal Malformation
Authors: Agrawal Triptee , Rimal Hem Sagar
Published: September 2018

Anorectal malformations are defined by the relationship of the rectum to the sphincter complex and can be classified as high and low anomaly based on whether meconium is present or absent, presence of dimple, anocutaneous reflex, sacral abnormality or presence of meconium in urine. The diagnosis should be made in the delivery room by inspecting the perineum. Meconuria with absence of anal opening invariably indicates a high malformation which requires a colostomy in the newborn period. Low malformations do not become evident until 24 hours when the meconium may show up in the perineal fistula. These defects can be managed by a perineal anoplasty without a colostomy in the newborn period. A prone cross table lateral shoot abdominal film is required if clinical information at 24 hours is insufficient to decide whether a colostomy is needed. We present a case of newborn, day 4 of life, who did not pass meconium since birth, had abdominal distension, vomiting, poor feeding and lethargy since last 2 days. Anal area showed pigmentation with presence of median raphe, anal dimple and slightly formed anal opening. Baby was initially thought as a case of low type imperforate anus. On further evaluation, was found to have meconuria too. Invertogram done showed high type defect. Rest of the examination was normal. Supportive therapy was initiated and baby underwent transverse loop colostomy for high type imperforate anus on day 5 of life. So it is always advisable to confirm the type of anorectal malformation both clinically and by doing required investigation before deciding for any operative intervention like colostomy or anoplasty, as clinical examination and investigation may not correlate in all occasions. Evaluation should also include screening out for associations and other sacral anomalies.  BJHS 2018;3(2)6: 500-503.
Medicinal plants used against gastrointestinal disorders by the Tamang people in Rasuwa district, central Nepal
Authors: Yadav Saroj , Rajbhandary Sangeeta
Published: September 2018

The different ethnic groups dwelling in different phytogeographic belts of Nepal have their own traditional system of knowledge on application of plant resources for health care. The traditional knowledge of using plants is passed on from generation to generation as folklore. Rasuwa district is rich in variety of flora especially medicinal plants and ethnic people (mainly Tamang) are familiar with medicinal resources and possess rich ethno-pharmacological knowledge. These resources provide huge opportunities for community development and livelihood improvement. This paper will present the documentation of medicinal plant used for gastrointestinal disorders in Chilime, Gatlang and Thuman Village Development Committees in Rasuwa district, north-central Nepal.Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2016) 10: 19–23
Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents of Dendrobium amoenum Wall. ex Lindl.
Authors: Poudel Mukti Ram , Chand Mukesh Babu , Karki Namrata , Pant Bijaya
Published: September 2018

Dendrobium amoenum has biologically active phytoconstituents valued for traditional Chinese or folk medicine as tonic. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents of its stem extract was estimated by using Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and Aluminium chloride methods respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging method. Total phenolic content found in acetone (134.34 μg GAE/mg extract) and chloroform (101.55 μg GAE/mg extract) extract was significantly higher than other solvent extracts. Similarly, these two extracts had significantly high flavonoid content (acetone: 115.73 μg QE/mg extract, and chloroform: 84.16 μg QE/mg extract). Presence of high phenolic and flavonoid contents in these extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity. Highest antioxidant activity of these extracts was determined by their lowest IC50 value (acetone: 53.19 μg/ml and chloroform: 36.48 μg/ml). Significant negative relationship was found between phenolic content and IC50 (R2 = 0.209, p < 0.01) and flavonoid content and IC50 (R2 = 0.389, p < 0.01), which indicates high antioxidant activity due to high phenolic and flavonoid contents. This result revealed that D. amoenum act as an antioxidant agent due to its free radical scavenging activity which plays a crucial role in the development of new chemotherapeutic agents.
Comparative study of encapsulated and non-encapsulated protocorms for the propagation of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. on two different media
Authors: Pradhan Shreeti , Regmi Tripti , Pant Bijaya
Published: September 2018

Artificial seed technology is a powerful tool for the propagation of rare and threatened species with high economic value. In the present investigation, medium-sized protocorms of Cymbidium aloifolium were encapsulated with 3% sodium alginate and 0.2 M calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2.2H2O) solution. In vitro culture of encapsulated protocorm was carried out on different strength (1.0, ½ and ¼) of two different liquid media, viz. Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Knudson (Kn C), and full strength (1.0) of both media supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/l á-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). In vitro germination and seedling development from encapsulated protocorm was compared with non-encapsulated protocorm inoculated on similar culture conditions. Six replicates were used for each treatment. The full strength of MS medium without plant growth regulators was found to be the most favourable condition for germination and plantlet regeneration of C. aloifolium. However, earlier seedling development was achieved from encapsulated (after 18.5 ± 0.84 weeks of culture) than non-encapsulated (after 20.5 ± 0.34 weeks of culture) protocorm. In addition, 100% of encapsulated protocorms were viable when stored for 20 days at 4°C, while non-encapsulated protocorms showed only 6.67% viability on 10 days storage at 4°C and later they lost their viability. For acclimatization, plantlets regenerated from encapsulated protocorms were successfully hardened in a potting mixture of cocopeat and clay (3:1) with 85% survival rate. The present investigation has provided a standard protocol for short- to mid-term storage and efficient conversion of plantlets of C. aloifolium through artificial seed technology, which could be beneficial for commercial production of this orchid and its germplasm preservation.Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2015) 9: 40–48
Erfolgreiche Anlaufgestaltung mittels selbstlernender automatisierter Montagesysteme
Authors: Schönherr Ralf , Burseg Lukas , Knaller Maximilian
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Regelmäßige Produktionsanläufe gehören heutzutage zur unabwendbaren Realität in der industriellen Praxis. Die erfolgreiche Anlaufgestaltung ist dabei von höchster Bedeutung für die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und den wirtschaftlichen Erfolg produzierender Unternehmen. Die Implementierung selbstlernender Systemeigenschaften zur Fehlervermeidung in automatisierten Montagesystemen scheint hierfür ein vielversprechender Ansatz zu sein. Im vorliegenden Beitrag erfolgt die Vorstellung eines solchen Ansatzes zur selbstlernenden Fehlervermeidung automatisierter Montagesysteme.
Lebenszykluskostenmodell intralogistischer Systeme
Authors: Rechl Friederike , Fottner Johannes
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

In der Intralogistik sind oft die Anschaffungskosten das Entscheidungskriterium bei Investitionen. Dabei wird eine Betrachtung der Lebenszykluskosten vernachlässigt, obwohl die Betriebskosten für einen wirtschaftlichen Anlagenbetrieb entscheidend sein können. Um die Wirtschaftlichkeit intralogistischer Systeme vor der Anschaffung zu bewerten, stellt dieser Beitrag ein spezifisches Lebenszykluskostenmodell vor.
Datengetriebene Produktionsoptimierung in der Montage
Authors: Palm Daniel , Ohlhausen Peter , Braun Anja , Welte Rebecca , Styr Angelika , Walter Felix , Meindorfer Tobias , Schmitt Christian , Seeger Elena , Altmann Ruben , Sai Brandon
Published: September 2018

Kurzfassung

Der Einsatz von Data Science in der Produktion ermöglicht eine neue Art der Optimierung von Prozessen und Systemen. Die Bedeutung der datengetriebenen Produktionsoptimierung wächst zunehmend im produzierenden Gewerbe. Im Gegensatz zu konventionellen Ansätzen, wie z. B. die des Lean Managements, basiert dieser anhaltende Trend auf der steigenden Verfügbarkeit von Daten im Zuge der digitalen Transformation. Vor allem kleine und mittlere Unternehmen stehen vor der Herausforderung abzuwägen, welche Maßnahmen hierfür ergriffen werden sollten und welche Nutzenpotenziale sich daraus ergeben. Diese Arbeit stellt einen strukturierten Leitfaden zur Vorgehensweise bei Datenanalyseprojekten bezogen auf einen spezifischen Anwendungsfall im Kontext einer frühen Fehlerdetektion und -prävention dar.
On Human Origins
Authors: Loehle Craig
Published: September 2018

The question of human origins has been one of the major points of conflict between scientific and religious views. The scientific account of human evolution poses difficulties for those who demand a literal interpretation of scripture and believe in a special, divine origin for humanity. These difficulties are resolved by the Bahá’í writings, which view human evolution, spiritual development in the individual, the advancement of civilization, and the progress of religion as all representing a single fundamental developmental process and spiritual principle underlying all of creation. Rather than being in conflict with the theory of evolution, the Bahá’í Faith itself incorporates an evolutionary worldview.
Agriculture: A Fundamental Principle
Authors: Hanley Paul
Published: September 2018

Proper agricultural development is a “fundamental principle” conductive “to the advancement of mankind and to the reconstruction of the world” For this reason, Bahá’u’lláh instructs us to give “special regard” to agricultural development, but to a form of development shaped by and serving the goals of unity, justice, equity, and sustainability. The task of building a new social and economic order is associated with the redesign of food and agricultural systems, locally and internationally. A survey of the Bahá’í writings imparts vision of appropriate leading values for agriculture to ensure that development results in both ecological and economic viability. The survey further consider some of the implications for agriculture of the human/nature relationship, the role of women, the role of science and technology, and the relationship between globalism and local community development.
Principles of Consultation Applied to the Process of Innovation in a Corporate Environment
Authors: Rosenfeld Robert , Winger-Bearskin Michael
Published: September 2018

Innovation is a prime requisite for industrial growth, but ill a large corporation many factors can obstruct this process. One of the root factors is the inability of creative employees to communicate ideas and intentions effectively to their organization and the organization’s limited ability to listen and judge ideas dispassionately and then take appropriate action. This article focuses on how the process of consultation, as elaborated in the writings of the Bahá’í Faith, can enhance this communication to promote innovation.
Racial Identity and the Patterns of Consolation in the Poetry of Robert Hayden
Authors: Hatcher John
Published: September 2018

Few critics have given Robert Hayden’s poetry the careful reading it deserves and demands. As a result, his work has almost inevitably been misinterpreted and misunderstood. A more significant result is that the dramatic tension in his work has often been mistaken for personal ambivalence and confusion with regard to both his ethnic identity and his beliefs as a Bahá’í. However, an accurate and careful reading of his work in light the unmistakably clear allusions in poetry to his beliefs as a Bahá’í reveal neither ambivalence nor confusion, but a clear pattern of consolation that unites both of these points of view.
Exploring Male Oppression from a Family–Systems Perspective
Authors: Huggins Janet
Published: September 2018

This article explores sexual inequality and oppression from a family-systems perspective. This perspective was adopted to encourage a more balanced and less prejudiced examination of these issues and to avoid the usual and limiting villain-victim conceptualization. The ideas in this article were originally prepared for a conference on the equality of men and women that was designed to help both sexes better understand each other’s perspective. The article draws parallels between adolescent sex role development and the current evolutionary stage of our society. It offers examples of how both men and women are oppressed, albeit differently, and how the oppression of one sex directly results in the oppression of the other sex. The implications of achieving equality for both world peace and individual intrapsychic unity are outlined.
End of the World: Whatever Happened?
Authors: Woodman Ross
Published: September 2018

When the Revelation of Bahá’u’lláh announcing at once the end of the world and the birth of a new creation is located in a nineteenth-century setting, surrounded by the eschatology of Hegel at its beginning and the eschatology of Nietzsche at its end, the unique station of the Manifestation of God and the meaning of Revelation becomes clear. By contrasting the eschatology of Bahá’u’lláh with that of Hegel and Nietzsche, this article attempts to locate and explore in the prophetic context of resurrection and return as interpreted by Bahá’u’lláh in, for example, the Kitáb-iÍqán, the spiritual origins of the planetary consciousness upon which the survival of humankind and the globe itself now depends. Primary emphasis in locating and exploring these origins is placed upon a close reading of Bahá’u’lláh’s Tablet, “The Divine Springtime is come, O Most Exalted Pen...”
Great Tao
Authors: Chew Phyllis
Published: September 2018

Very little is known of the similarities shared by the Great Tao as conceived in the immortal Taoist carwn, the Tao-te ching, and the nature of God and the teachings of God's messengers as expounded by Baháʼu'lláh and ʻAbdu'l-Bahá. This article focuses on the Great Tao of the ancient Chinese people, a Tao whose eternal spirit has seeped into the very heart of Chinese tradition, culture, and way of life for centuries, and which is manifest in various aspects of Chinese thought and life as well as in the more apparent aesthetics of calligraphy, painting, and poetry. This article compares the similarities of the spiritual insights of the Tao-te ching with that of other major religions, rwtably the Baháʼí Faith, and argues that rw understanding of the Chinese mind and spirit can be complete without a perusal of some of the main spiritual tenets of this imperishable crown. It must be rooted that this article is concerned with the original philosophy of Tao and not with what is today popularly known as the "Taoist religion," an invention only loosely connected with the spiritual insights of the Tao-te ching.
Developing a Participatory Approach to Learning
Authors: Pihlainen Maija
Published: September 2018

Beginning with a survey of Bahá’í writings and of emerging Bahá’í approaches to education, the article charts the Macau-based School of the Nations’ philosophy of education and considers its implications for the school’s curriculum development process. The article then proposes that the cooperative approach to education offers a potential instructional model within which Bahá’í principles and ideals, with their emphasis on moral education, participation, cooperation, and consultation, could be effectively implemented. Finally, the article discusses the school’s tentative experiments with this model and the steps taken to begin the model’s systematic implementation. The successful continuation of the project, the article suggests, will largely depend on the school’s ability to overcome the constraints imposed by the dominant competitive attitudes and practices and to gain acceptance of the value of a participatory and cooperative approach.

An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Eighth Annual Conference of the Hong Kong Educational Research Association. While the author takes full responsibility for the views expressed here, appreciation and thanks are due to the administration and staff of the School of the Nations who provided inspiration and stimulating ideas that made this paper possible.
Book Reviews
Authors: Gustafson Bret , Carpanini Francesco , Kalb Martin , Giblin James , Besky Sarah , Gallagher Patrick , Curley Andrew , Gobby Jen , Anderson Ryan
Published: September 2018

Cepek, Michael. 2018. Life in Oil: Cofán
Survival in the Petroleum Fields of Amazonia.
Austin: University of Texas Press. 302 pp. ISBN
978-1477315088.

Choné, Aurélie, Isabelle Hajek, and Philippe
Hamman, eds. 2017. Rethinking Nature:
Challenging Disciplinary Boundaries.
Abingdon; New York: Routledge. xiv + 268 pp.
(Paperback) ISBN 978-1-138-21493-4.

Davis, Diana K. 2016. The Arid Lands: History,
Power, Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
271 pp. ISBN 978-0262034524.

Gissibl, Berhard. 2016. The Nature of German
Imperialism: Conservation and the
Politics of Wildlife in Colonial East Africa.
New York: Berghahn Books, 2016. 374 pp.
ISBN 978-1-78533-175-6.

Ives, Sarah. 2017. Steeped in Heritage:
The Racial Politics of South African Rooibos
Tea. NC: Duke University Press. 272 pp. ISBN
978-0-8223-6986-8.

Martínez-Reyes, José. Moral Ecology of a
Forest: The Nature Industry and Maya
Post-Conservation. Tucson: University of Arizona
Press. 216 pp. ISBN 978-0816531370.

Powell, Dana E. 2017. Landscapes of Power:
Politics of Energy in the Navajo Nation.
Durham, NC: Duke University Press. 336 pp.
ISBN 978-0822369943.

Raygorodetsky, Gleb. 2017. The Archipelago of
Hope: Wisdom and Resilience from the Edge
of Climate Change. New York: Pegasus Books.
336 pp. ISBN: 978-1681775326.

Wright, Christopher, and Daniel Nyberg. 2015.
Climate Change, Capitalism, and Corporations:
Processes of Creative Self-Destruction.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 254
pp. ISBN 978-1107435131.
PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS KARYA ILMIAH MAHASISWA
Authors: An Nisa Kuntum
Published: September 2018

Masalah pokok dalam tulisan ini difokuskan padaupaya untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis mahasiswadengan metode problem based learning.Mengingat bahwa untuk menghasilkan sebuah karyailmiah seperti buku atau jurnal memerlukan sebuah prosespanjang seperti menggali ide, menemukan referensi, melakukanpenelitian atau menganalisa, maka hambatan dan permasalahansering tidak terhindarkan.Pembelajaran berdasarkan masalah merupakanpendekatan yang efektif untuk pengajaran proses berfikir tingkattinggi. Pembelajaran ini membantu peserta didik untukmemproses informasi yang sudah jadi dalam benaknya danmenyusun pengetahuan mereka sendiri tentang dunia sosial dansekitarnya. Pembelajaran ini cocok untuk mengembangkanpengetahuan dasar maupun kompleks.Tujuan dari pembelajaran berbasis masalahdikembangkan untuk membantu peserta didik mengembangkankemampuan berpikir, mengembangkan kemampuan memecahanmasalah, keterampilan intelektual, dan menjadi peserta didik yangmandiri. Metode pembelajaran berbasis masalah terdiri atas 8tahap yaitu menemukan masalah, mendefinisikan masalah,mengumpulkan fakta, menyusun hipotesis,melakukanpenyelidikan, menyempurnakan permasalahan yang telahdidefinisikan, menyimpulkan alternatif pemecahan masalahsecara kolaboratif, dan melakukan pengujian hasil (solusi)pemecahan masalah.Berbagai problematika yang menjadi kendalamahasiswa dalam menulis karya ilmiah adalah (a) tidak berbakat,(b) kurangnya motivasi dan tidak percaya diri, (c) tidak fokus /kesulitan untuk memulai, (d) wawasan yang sempit, (e) kendalakebahasaan, (f) faktor eksternal dari mahasiswa.Untuk memecahkan persoalannya seyogianya diarahkankepada upaya peningkatan kemampuan menulis dan kualitaskarya tulis ilmiah, yaitu : (a) perlu dibentuk tim pembimbing, (b)perlu dibentuk forum pengkajian karya tulis ilmiah mahasiswa disetiap perguruan tinggi, (c) perlu dilakukan presentasi terlebihdahulu, (d) perlu diintensifkan lomba karya tulis ilmiah untukmahasiswa, (e) perlu dilakukan workshop, (f) perlu dilakukanpembenahan dan penyempurnaan sarana sumber informasi untukmahasiswa
GAME ARTIFICIAL INTELEGENT: RAM CITY TOWER DENGAN ALGORITMA A*
Authors: Meliani Gina Rahayu , Suryadi Andri
Published: September 2018

Game merupakan salah satu hasil kemajuanteknologi yang paling banyak digunakan di semua kalangan.Game dirancang sedemikian rupa sehingga menarik perhatianbanyak orang. Mulai dari game yang mudah sampai yang sulituntuk dimainkan. Game memiliki banyak jenis yangdisesuaikan dengan kebutuhan penggunannya. Masing-masinggame memiliki daya tarik yang berbeda, tergantung kebutuhanpengguna. Dalam merancang sebuah game tentu memilikikesulitan tersendiri. Game disesuaikan dengan pola pikirpembuatnya. Sebuah cara untuk merepresentasikan pola pikirmanusia dalam sebuah game dapat diartikan sebagai kecerdasanbuatan. Dalam beberapa game dapat ditemukan sebuahkecerdasan buatan yang diimplementasikan seperti contohnyagame Tic Tac Toe. Sebuah game yang dirancang dengankecerdasan buatan lebih memicu cara berfikir pemainnyakarena kecerdasan buatan ini sengaja dibuat untuk memicu caraberfikir pemain melawan komputer. Dengan adanya asumsiseperti yang disebutkan sebelumnya bahwa game yangmengimplementasikan kecerdasan buatan dapat dijadikansebagai media pembelajaran sehingga belajar pun dapat lebihmenyenangkan jika disajikan dengan sebuah game. Kecerdasanbuatan memiliki beberapa jenis algoritma yang dapatdigunakan, salah satu contohnya adalah algoritma A*. Dengandemikian game kecerdasan buatan dapat dijadikan sebuahmedia pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan algoritma yangakan kita gunakan. Salah contohnya adalah game RAM CityTower. Game ini merupakan game kecerdasan buatan denganjenis game platform yang memakai algoritma A*. Game inidibuat untuk membantu pengguna mengenal antonim dalamBahasa Indonesia.
Penggunaan Metode Eksperimen Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Dan Keterampilan Proses Siswa Tentang Pengaruh Kegiatan Manusia Terhadap Keseimbangan Lingkungan Dalam Pembelajaran IPA Di Kelas VI SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis
Authors: Sudrajat Bpk
Published: September 2018

PTK ini berjudul “Penggunaan Metode Eksperimen untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman  Konsep dan Keterampilan Proses Siswa Tentang Pengaruh Kegiatan Manusia Terhadap Keseimbangan  Lingkungan dalam Pembelajaran IPA  di Kelas VI SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis”. Penelitian ini dilakukan, karena masih banyak ditemukan di lapangan terutama di sekolah tempat peneliti bertugas bahwa pembelajaran IPA hanya dilaksanakan dengan melaui metode ceramah dan penugasan saja. Nilai rata-rata pemahaman konsep siswa sebesar 61,50 atau di bawah nilai KKM. Begitu pun keterampilan proses sains dalam pembelajaran tidak tercapai secara maksimal. Sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut peneliti menggunakan metode eksperimen atau percobaan dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dirumuskan masalah sebagai berikut: (1) bagaimana tingkat pemahaman konsep siswa tentang pengaruh kegiatan manusia terhadap  lingkungan setelah melalui metode eksperimen?; (2) bagaimana tingkat keterampilan proses sains siswa setelah diterapkannya metode eksperimen? Metode penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan tiga siklus. Indikator dan pokok bahasan pada setiap siklusnya dikembangkan dan disesuaikan dengan materi IPA kelas VI Sekolah Dasar dengan KTSP 2006. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VI tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 semester II, yang berjumlah seluruhnya 24 siswa dengan rincian 12 siswa laki-laki dan 13 siswa perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Jurnal Eksperimen, Observasi, Soal Tes Hasil Belajar, dan Angket. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh adalah dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen dapat meningkatkan  pemahaman  konsep dan keterampilan proses siswa tentang pengaruh kegiatan manusia terhadap keseimbangan  lingkungan dalam pembelajaran IPA  di kelas VI SD Negeri 4 Imbanagara Raya Kecamatan Ciamis Kabupaten Ciamis. Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I pertemuan 1 sebesar 68,13; siklus I pertemuan 2 sebesar 72,29; siklus II pertemuan 1 sebesar 80,21, dan siklus II pertemuan 2 sebesar 85,83. Demikian pula dengan keterampilan proses sains siswa setiap siklusnya selalu mengalami peningkatan  terutama aspek mengamati.
AN ASSESSMENT ON CLIMATOLOGICAL, METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL DISASTERS THAT OCCURRED IN TURKEY IN THE LAST 30 YEARS (1987-2017)
Authors: ÇELİK Mehmet Ali , BAYRAM Hüseyin , ÖZÜPEKÇE Salman
Published: September 2018

This study aims
to assess the frequencies of meteorological, hydrological
and climatological disasters that occurred due to extreme climate
conditions in Turkey in the last 30 years, identify the regions and provinces
with the highest frequency of such disasters, and factors affecting such
disasters. In this assessment, extreme meteorological events in the provinces
where such climatological disasters were effective were collected from sources
such as various disaster reports (World Disasters Report, etc.), the Turkish
Disaster Archives (TUAA), and the disaster data system of the Turkish Disaster Data
Bank. Considering regions where climatological, meteorological and hydrological
disasters were frequent in this period, the Eastern Anatolia Region which
witnessed 2507 climatological disasters in the last 30 years ranks first. The
second region which witnessed the highest number of climatological disasters is
the Black Sea Region with 1359 events, followed by the Aegean Region in the
third place with 1340 events. These are followed by the Marmara Region, the
Mediterranean Region, the Central Anatolia Region and the Southeastern Anatolia
Region.
ANTALYA ŞEHRİNİN (MURATPAŞA, KEPEZ, DÖŞEMEALTI, AKSU, KONYAALTI) GELİŞMESİNDE ETKİLİ OLAN FAKTÖRLER
Authors: DOĞAN Mesut
Published: September 2018

Antalya şehri,  (Muratpaşa, Kepez,
Döşemealtı, Aksu, Konyaaltı) Akdeniz Bölgesi’nin Antalya Bölümü’nde yer
almaktadır. Son derece önemli bir sahada kurulmuş ve gelişmiş olan Antalya
şehri, fiziki ve beşeri coğrafya özellikleri bakımından dikkat çekmektedir.
Antalya şehrinin kurulduğu alan ve çevresi coğrafi özelliklere bağlı olarak çok
farklı fonksiyonlarla hem bölge hem de ülke ekonomisine katkı sağlamaktadır.
Nüfus ve yerleşme özellikleri başta olmak üzere zengin tarihi, tarım, sanayi,
ticaret, turizm ve ulaşım faaliyetleri bakımından son 35-40 yılda çok fazla öne
çıkmıştır. Bu bağlamda mekânsal planlamada sıkıntılar yaşanmış, tarım alanları
zarar görmüş, yanlış arazi kullanımı ortaya çıkmış, su kaynakları ve doğal bitki
örtüsü ortadan kaybolmuş, çarpık kentleşme ve çevre sorunları gibi ana sorunlar
oluşmuştur. Coğrafi konum çalışma sahasının beşeri ve fiziki özelliklerinin
belirlenmesinde önemli bir yere sahip olmuştur. Bu nedenle Antalya şehrinde
ikamet eden nüfus beşeri ve fiziki özelliklere bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan
sosyal, siyasal ve ekonomik olaylara bağlı olarak hayatlarını sürdürmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, Belli periyotlar dahilinde arazi çalışmaları yapılmış ve bu
doğrultuda çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur. Haritalar Arcgis 10.4 programıyla
yapılmıştır.
TÜRKİYE’DE OTOMOTİV SANAYİSİNİN MEKÂNSAL DAĞILIŞI
Authors: YULU Adem , DOLDUR Hüsniye
Published: September 2018

Türkiye’de motorlu araç üretimi ve bununla bağlantılı faaliyetler
1955’te montaj sanayi şeklinde başlamıştır. 1980’lere kadar montaja dayalı
olarak büyüme gösteren motorlu araç üretimi, 1990’lardan itibaren çeşitli
gelişmelerin etkisiyle günümüzde küresel ölçekte üretim yapacak seviyeye
erişmiştir.

Türkiye’de motorlu araç üretiminin montaja dayalı olarak sürdürüldüğü
yıllarda (1955-1970) üretim faaliyetleri ağırlıklı olarak İstanbul’da yer almıştır.
Sonraki yıllarda İstanbul dışına da yayılan otomotiv sanayi faaliyetleri, 1970’lerden
itibaren Bursa’da, 1980’lerde ülkenin iç kesimlerinde (Aksaray, Eskişehir,
Ankara, Adana) ve 1990’lardan sonra ise ağırlıklı olarak Kocaeli ve Sakarya’da
yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu mekânsal dağılışın oluşmasında otomotiv sanayisinin
kuruluş ve işleyişinde etkili olan çeşitli faktörlerin (pazar, ulaşım, işgücü,
sermaye, devlet politikaları, enerji kaynakları, kişisel kararlar vb.) yanı
sıra ülkede yaşanan şehirleşmenin de etkisi olmuştur.    

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de otomotiv sanayi faaliyetlerinin
coğrafi dağılışını belirlemek ve bu dağılışa etki eden faktörleri incelemektir.
Otomotiv sanayi ve bununla bağlantılı tesislerin yer seçiminde hangi unsurların
etkili olduğunu belirlemek için çeşitli coğrafi yöntem ve teknikler kullanılmıştır.
Ukrainian Orthodoxy: features, history, modernity
Authors: Sagan Oleksandr N.
Published: September 2018

Under this name, on October 20-21, 1992, an international scientific conference was held in Kyiv. The organizers were the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Association of Religious Studies, the UOC - the Kyiv Patriarchate, the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies at the University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy
Pochaev monastery in the context of the history and spirituality of the Ukrainian people
Authors: Gudyma A. , Havarivskyy B.
Published: September 2018

April 29-30, 1995 in the premises of the Ternopil Medical Institute. Academician I.Ya.Gorbachevsky held an international scientific conference with such a title. In her work participated: A. Kolodny, - deputy director of the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, President of the Ukrainian Association of Religious Studies; Employees of the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine - V.Malakhov, V.Klimov, L.Filipovich, O.Sagan, V.Demian, T.Chaika; Lviv Museum of the History of Religion - G. Skop-Drusyuk, L. Skop, I. Petrov; Ternopil universities and institutions Y.Sudersky, O.Gudim, L. Boytsun, and others. Our fellow countryman, Professor Stepan Yarmus (Winnipeg, Canada), participated in the conference.
The 3Rs: What are Medical Scientists Doing about Animal Testing?
Authors: Tanner Rachel
Published: September 2018

The similarities between certain animals and humans mean that animal research can be very useful in understanding how the human body works and in developing and testing new medicines. Many major medical breakthroughs have been made with the help of animal experiments, including the invention of antibiotics, vaccines, and cancer treatments. However, some research can result in pain and suffering for the animals, and although there are laws in place now to protect animals, it would be better if we had alternative ways to move medical science forward. Scientists are working on new approaches that replace, reduce, and refine (improve) animal experiments. This is known as the 3Rs of scientific research. Some of this work focuses on improving the housing for the animals, while other work involves using cells in a test tube or computer models as animal substitutes. The three Rs are a step in the right direction for medical science.
Numerical Simulation of an Aluminum Container including a Phase Change Material for Cooling Energy Storage
Authors: Mongibello Luigi , Bianco Nicola , Caliano Martina , Graditi Giorgio
Published: September 2018

Thermal energy storage systems can be determinant for an effective use of solar energy, as they allow to decouple the thermal energy production by the solar source from thermal loads, and thus allowing solar energy to be exploited also during nighttime and cloudy periods. The current study deals with the modelling and simulation of a cooling thermal energy storage unit consisting of an aluminum container partially filled with a phase change material (PCM). Two unsteady models are implemented and discussed, namely a conduction-based model and a conduction-convection-based one. The equations systems relative to both the models are solved by means of the Comsol Multiphysics finite element solver, and results are presented in terms of temporal variation of temperature in different points inside the PCM, of the volume average liquid fraction, and of the cooling energy stored and released through the aluminum container external surface during the charge and discharge, respectively. Moreover, the numerical results obtained by the implementation of the above different models are compared with experimental ones obtained with a climatic chamber. The comparison between numerical and experimental results indicate that, for the considered cooling energy storage unit, free convection plays a crucial role in the heat transfer inside the liquid PCM and cannot be neglected.
Modified Biosensor for Cholinesterase Inhibitors with Guinea Green B as the Color Indicator
Authors: Pitschmann Vladimír , Matějovský Lukáš , Lobotka Martin , Dědič Jan , Urban Martin , Dymák Michal
Published: September 2018

Colorimetric biosensors of cholinesterase inhibitors are ideal for fast, reliable, and very simple detection of agents in air, in water, and on surfaces. This paper describes an innovation of the Czech Detehit biosensor, which is based on a biochemical enzymatic reaction visualized by using Ellman’s reagent as a chromogenic indicator. The modification basically consists of a much more distinct color response of the biosensor, attained through optimization of the reaction system by using Guinea Green B as the indicator. The performance of the modified biosensor was verified on the chemical warfare agents (sarin, soman, cyclosarin, and VX) in water. The detection limits ascertained visually (with the naked eye) were about 0.001 µg/mL in water (exposure time 60 s, inhibition efficiency 25%).
Building Configuration of Low-Cost Apartments in Bandung—Its Contribution to the Microclimate and Outdoor Thermal Comfort
Authors: Paramita Beta , Fukuda Hiroatsu , Perdana Khidmat Rendy , Matzarakis Andreas
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to find the microclimate aspect within the building form and configuration of five low-cost apartments (henceforth rusun) in Bandung, Indonesia. There are parallel, square, and interspersed plots investigated with specific discussion on the microclimate aspects that gain human perception of outdoor thermal comfort. The microclimate prognostic model, i.e., ENVI-met, was used to determine the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt), which was then used to describe the living quality of outdoor thermal comfort, i.e., PET (physiologically equivalent temperature) in a hot-humid climate context. A parallel plot with building orientation toward north-south was found as the most beneficial building form and configuration. Somehow, the parallel plot toward the west-east orientation did not provide similar performance. Nevertheless, the square plot provided uncomfortable perception as there was an absence of building shade within the wide open space and ground cover to absorb the insolation. The interspersed plot can be considered for the building configuration because it generates more wind among other plots. The building form and configuration of rusun with passive design seems to not be able to achieve outdoor thermal comfort. The highest PET value of Model D with the square plot had PET = 41 °C (hot) while the lowest PET in Model A with the parallel plot (N-S) had PET = 34.2 °C (slightly warm).
Parametric Study on Seismic Rehabilitation of Masonry Buildings Using FRP Based upon 3D Non-Linear Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Fathalla Eissa , Salem Hamed
Published: September 2018

Unreinforced load-bearing masonry (URM) buildings represent a significant portion of the non-engineered old buildings in many developing countries aiming to reduce the construction cost. The walls of those buildings are developed to resist gravity loads. Lateral loads induced by earthquakes or wind may cause severe their damage. In the current study, a numerical investigation is carried out for a seismic assessment of a typical four-story, load-bearing building in Giza, Egypt. The full 3D nonlinear dynamic analysis is carried out using the Applied Element Method (AEM), which proved to be efficient in such case where partial or total collapse is expected. The study includes two earthquake zones in Egypt called zone (3) and zone (5B), which are the actual studied building seismic zone and the highest seismic activity zone in Egypt, respectively. Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) laminates with different thicknesses and different configurations are used in strengthening unreinforced masonry walls to study the efficiency of the proposed rehabilitation technique on a realistic structure.
A Comprehensive Survey of Immune Cytolytic Activity-Associated Gene Co-Expression Networks across 17 Tumor and Normal Tissue Types
Authors: Tian Tian , Wan Ji , Han Yan , Liu Haoran , Gao Feng , Pan Youdong , Song Qi , Wei Zhi
Published: September 2018

Cytolytic immune activity in solid tissue can be quantified by transcript levels of two genes, GZMA and PRF1, which is named the CYT score. A previous study has investigated the molecular and genetic properties of tumors associated CYT, but a systematic exploration of how co-expression networks across different tumors are shaped by anti-tumor immunity is lacking. Here, we examined the connectivity and biological themes of CYT-associated modules in gene co-expression networks of 14 tumor and 3 matched normal tissues constructed from the RNA-Seq data of the “The Cancer Genome Atlas” project. We first found that tumors networks have more diverse CYT-correlated modules than normal networks. We next identified and investigated tissue-specific CYT-associated modules across 14 tumor types. Finally, a common CYT-associated network across 14 tumor types was constructed. Two common modules have mixed signs of correlation with CYT in different tumors. Given the tumors and normal tissues surveyed, our study presents a systematic view of the regulation of cytolytic immune activity across multiple tumor tissues.