bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ritual Tolak Bala Pada Masyarakat Melayu (Kajian Pada Masyarakat Petalangan Kecamatan Pangkalan Kuras Kabupaten Pelalawan)
Authors: Hasbullah Hasbullah , Toyo Toyo , Awang Pawi Awang Azman
Published: July 2017

Kajian ini berpijak dari adanya fenomena masih dilaksanakannya ritual tolak bala oleh masyarakat Petalangan, padahal mereka semuanya sudah beragama Islam. Ritual tolak bala merupakan salah satu bentuk sinkretisme agama, di mana dalam ritual tersebut dapat ditemukan unsur-unsur Islam, Hindu dan Budha, serta animisme dan dinamisme. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tujuan dari pelaksanaan tolak bala, perpaduan Islam dalam ritual tolak bala, serta mengapa ritual ini masih tetap dipertahankan oleh masyarakat. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Hasil kajian ini memperlihatkan bahwa ritual tolak bala dilakukan oleh masyarakat dengan tujuan agar terhindar dari bencana, baik secara individu, masyarakat, maupun kampung. Ritual ini disebut juga dengan mengobati kampung. Unsur Islan ditambahkan sedemikian rupa dalam ritual ini yang dibungkus dengan cara kenduri tolak bala. Bertahannya ritual ini dikarenakan kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap ajaran Islam serta rendahnya tingkat pendidikan masyarakat, serta masih kuatnya hubungan psikologis masyarakat dengan alam sekitar
Truth and Love in Sexual Ethics of Islam
Authors: Munfarida Elya , Soeratno Siti Chamamah , Syamsiyatun Siti
Published: July 2017

Tulisan ini berpretensi untuk mengelaborasi salah satu unsur penting dalam etika seksual Islam yakni cinta untuk memperkuat dasar pernikahan. Cinta adalah dialog dan perjumpaan antara dua ‘Aku” yang kemudian melebur dalam ke-aku-an kekasih. Pandangan ini menunjukkan adanya beberapa komponen dalam cinta. Pertama, dialog dan perjumpaan mengisyaratkan kesetaraan eksistensi dan subyek yang otonom yang memiliki kebebasan determinasi-nya. Kedua, konsekuensi logis dari relasi dialog adalah mutualitas di mana masing-masing saling berbagi kasih sayang. Ketiga, kesatuan antara dua aku yang tidak menghilangkan subyektifitas masing-masing aku. Cinta meniscayakan adanya kemuliaan dan kesetiaan seperti yang digariskan oleh moralitas dan agama. Cinta juga sangat berkaitan dengan panca indera, karena penggunaan yang tepat berbasis pada prinsip abstinensi justru akan menguatkan ikatan cinta. Selain itu, akal juga penting dalam cinta, karena eksistensinya dapat mencegah efek negatif dalam memaknai dan merealisasikan cinta. Terakhir, cinta sangat terkait dengan pernikahan, karena hanya dengannya cinta dapat mencapai kondisi sempurna dan mengantarkan seseorang pada kebenaran dan kebijaksanaan.
THE ADEQUACY OF THE TEST OF ROMANIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE TO THE TEST TAKERS
Authors: RADU Anamaria
Published: July 2017

The Adequacy of the test of Romanian as a foreign language to the test takers. Since the interest in learning Romanian as a foreign language has increased a lot in the past few years, language testers have endeavored to design the most accurate and efficient tests. Thanks to the concerted efforts made by experts in this field, Romanian language testers have succeeded in developing the most up to date tests. The present study is aimed at addressing the issue of the adequacy of the tests of Romanian as a foreign language designed at the Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, established on the content and construct validation employing a qualitative and a quantitative analysis based on questionnaires regarding all sections of the test (listening and reading comprehension, grammar and vocabulary, speaking and writing).
Rezumat. Adecvarea testului de limba română ca limbă străină. Deoarece interesul pentru limba română ca limbă străină a crescut considerabil în ultimii ani, testatorii s-au specilaizat în crearea celor mai obiective și mai eficiente teste. Grație eforturilor experților în domeniu, testatorii au reușit să relizeze teste standardizate. Studiul nostru analizează adecvarea testelor de limba română ca limbă străină create la Facultatea de Litere, Universitatea Babeș-Bolyai, Cluj – Napoca, stabilind validitatea de conținut a acestor teste din punct de vedere calitativ și cantitativ, în urma interpretării chestionarelor ce au vizat răspunsurile candidaților referitoare la toate secțiunile testului (ascultare, citire, gramatică și vocabular, vorbire și scriere).
Cuvinte-cheie: examinare, adecvarea testelor, candidați, analiză calitativă, testatori de limbă
“BEING ON GUARD” VS “BEING IN BLINKERS”: PERSPECTIVES ON THE INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE WITH FOREIGN MEDICAL STUDENTS IN ROMANIA. ASPECTS OF EVALUATION
Authors: URSA Anca
Published: July 2017

Being on guard vs being in blinkers: perspectives on the intercultural competence with foreign medical students in Romania. Aspects of evaluation. The development of intercultural competence (IC) in the 21st century is a clear necessity, and not a socio-political trend. If in the United States circumstances have imposed for decades the establishment of a new discipline, Europe sees itself now confronted with the emergency of establishing intercultural teaching principles, in the face of massive immigration and an explosion in educational and occupational mobility. If we relate to the second category, foreign medical students in Romania respond to a double wager of understanding Romanians: the street and the hospital medium. From a pedagogical perspective, the work group is homogeneous, so that teaching transcultural knowledge, attitudes and abilities does not raise major problems. However, evaluation represents a challenge: it is not a question of knowledge, where there already are multiple instruments that have been verified, but about attitudes and abilities, which are monitored in time and in specific contexts, and the RFL teacher rarely benefits from such circumstances. In the present study, „ Being on Guard Vs Being in Blinkers: Perspectives on the Intercultural Competence with Foreign Medical Students in Romania. Aspects Of Evaluation”, we try to build some evaluation activities and exercises that are specific for each component of the intercultural competence, and which are adapted to the students’ curriculum and schedule.
Rezumat. Cu ochii în patru vs. cu ochelari de cal: perspective asupra competenței interculturale la studenții mediciniști străini din România. Aspecte ale evaluării. Dezvoltarea competenței interculturale în secolul XXI este o necesitate clară, nu un trend sociopolitic. Dacă în Statele Unite circumstanțele au impus de câteva decenii deja constituirea noii discipline, Europa se vede acum confruntată cu urgența constituirii principiilor didactice interculturale, în fața imigrației masive și a exploziei mobilităților educaționale. Dacă ne raportăm la a doua categorie, studenții străini mediciniști din România răspund unui dublu pariu al înțelegerii românilor: strada și mediul spitalicesc. Din perspectivă pedagogică, grupul de lucru e omogen, deci predarea cunoștințelor, atitudinilor și abilităților transculturale nu ridică probleme majore. Însă evaluarea e o provocare: nu e vorba de cunoștințe, unde deja există intrumente multiple și verificate, ci de atitudini și abilități, care se monitorizează în timp și în contexte specifice, iar profesorul de RLS dispune rareori de asemenea circumstanțe. În studiul de față încercăm să construim câteva activități și exerciții de evaluare specifice pentru fiecare componentă a competenței interculturale, adaptate la curriculumul și orarul studenților noștri.
Cuvinte cheie: competență interculturală, metode de evaluare, atitudini, abilități, activități integrate.
ANALISA EMOTIONAL CAPITAL DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP INTENSI BERWIRAUSAHA PADA SISWA SETARA SMA DI JATINANGOR
Authors: Lestari Kadiyono Anissa
Published: July 2017

Pendidikan kewirausahaan sebagai salah satu mata pelajaran wajib bagi siswa setara SMA dalam Kurikulum 2013 bertujuan untuk memberikan bekal bagi pelajar untuk dapat berwirausaha karena wirausaha inilah yang dapat membuat bangsa ini menjadi mandiri dan sejahtera. Implementasinya berbeda-beda pada SMA, SMK, maupun MA. Selaku remaja, tahap eksplorasi karir dilalui dengan adanya stimulasi lingkungan dan pendidikan. Situasi emosi yang dimiliki oleh siswa selayaknya dikembangkan menjadi kompetensi emosional yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam memanfaatkan kapasitas kognitif, personal, sosial, maupun pengembangan ekonominya yang terdiri atas sub facet kompetensi personal dan sub facet kompetensi sosial. Stimulasi pendidikan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan intensi siswa dalam berwirausaha. Penelitian dilakukan pada siswa kelas XII pada SMA negeri, swasta, SMK, dan MA di Jatinangor. Total responden sebanyak 496 orang dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perkembangan individu, khususnya remaja yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh emosi, akan mendorong pentingnya modal emosional agar dapat mendorong munculnya intensi wirausaha pada individu. Modal emosional terbentuk dengan sumbangan kompetensi Sosial yang lebih besar, dibandingkan dengan kompetensi Personal. Dengan demikian, pendidikan kewirausahaan dan stimulasi lingkungan akan lebih mampu mengembangkan modal emosional siswa berupa kesiapan mental serta sikap positif terhadap wirausaha, yang sebaiknya tidak hanya dari sekedar menumbuhkan keterampilan, kemampuan, keahlian, ataupun jaringan yang sebaiknya dimiliki siswa namun juga aspek softskill yang dibutuhkan dalam mempersiapkan penciptaan pewirausahawan-pewirausahawan baru di masa yang akan datang.
ANALISIS PERAN GURU DAN KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Siskandar -
Published: July 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peranguru dan kepala madrasah dalam mengimplementasikan kurikulum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian kualitatif. Data diambil dengan menggunakan pengamatan partisipatif dan wawancara mendalam. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, wakil kepala sekolah, siswa, orang tua, dan anggota komite sekolah secara snowball. Orang kunci dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah dan guru. Objek penelitian adalah pelaku, konsep, kurikulum, dan kegiatan. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan kriteria kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependabilitas, dan komfirmabilitas. Langkah-langkah dan analisis data yang digunakan adalah model Lichman (2011). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data disimpulkan bahwa: 1) peran guru dalam implementasi kurikulum berperan sebagaitranslator, konselor, evaluator, leader; fasilitator, konseptor, implementor, partisipator, dan motivator,  (2) kepala madrasah berperan sebagai perencana, pelaksana, dan evaluator; (3) kepala madrasah mempunyai peran lebih besar dibandingkan guru, karena kepala madrasah sebagai pemberi pengaruh, sementara guru sebagai pelaksana di kelas;namun, kedua pihak tersebut saling berkolaborasi, sehingga pelaksanaan kurikulum dapat berjalan dengan baik; (4) pelaksanaan kurikulum dapat terlaksana dengan baik, berkat adanya dukungan dari siswa, orang tua, komite sekolah, dan pihak-pihak yang terkait.
En torno a la primera traducción italiana de "El criticón" de Baltasar Gracián
Authors: Canals Piñas Jorge
Published: July 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
El clítico "se" en los verbos de movimiento intransitivos del español. Un análisis en términos de estructura temática
Authors: Ibáñez Cerda Sergio
Published: July 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
La prosa novelizada del "Relox de príncipes" de Fray Antonio de Guevara
Authors: Del Valle Ivonne
Published: July 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Juan de Palafox y Mendoza: reajustes en su caudal poético
Authors: Carreira Antonio
Published: July 2017

En este número no se incluyeron resúmenes ni palabras clave.
Rebeca Barriga Villanueva y Claudia Parodi, La lingüística en México 1980-1996. El Colegio de México-UCLA, México, 1998; 614 pp. + 1 CD.
Authors: Chávez Peón Mario E.
Published: July 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La lingüística en México 1980-1996.
"Criatura migratoria". (NRFH, 1, 1947, núm. 1)
Authors: Venier Martha Elena
Published: July 2017

Después de suspendida, en 1946, la Revista de Filología Hispánica, Amado Alonso, su director, trabajó con el apoyo de Alfonso Reyes, entonces presidente de El Colegio, en la fundación de la Nueva Revista, que se concretó en enero de 1948.
Historia, folletín e ideología en "Los misterios del Plata" de Juana Manso
Authors: Pierini Margarita
Published: July 2017

El impacto causado por Los misterios de París, célebre novela de Eugenio Sue, no se agota en su país, trasciende fronteras y llega hasta el lejano Río de la Plata. En 1852 aparecerá, en un semanario brasileño, el folletín Los misterios del Plata, de Juana Manso de Noronha, exiliada argentina que hace con esta obra sus primeras armas en la ficción. La novela es un panfleto contra el tirano Rosas, que ha empujado al destierro a una parte de la burguesía ilustrada de Buenos Aires entre la que se cuenta la familia de la escritora. Dentro del vasto corpus de la literatura antirrosista, la novela de Manso ocupa un lugar relevante por las transformaciones que sufre con las diversas ediciones y por el sentido con el que busca investir el episodio histórico que lleva a la ficción.
Concepción Company Company y Marcela Flores Cervantes, Manual de filología hispánica. T. 1: Fonética y fonología históricas. Con la colaboración de Axel Hernández Díaz. UNAM, México, 2001; 152 pp. (Manuales de Medievalia, 1). / Natalia Silva Prada, Manual de paleografía y diplomática hispanoamericana, siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII. Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, México, 2001; 313 pp.
Authors: Higashi Alejandro
Published: July 2017

Se reseñaron los libros: Manual de filología hispánica. T. 1: Fonética y fonología históricas. Con la colaboración de Axel Hernández Díaz y Manual de paleografía y diplomática hispanoamericana, siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII.
Graciela Cándano, La seriedad y la risa. La comicidad en la literatura ejemplar de la baja Edad Media. UNAM, México, 2000; 383 pp.
Authors: Miaja de la Peña María Teresa
Published: July 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La seriedad y la risa. La comicidad en la literatura ejemplar de la baja Edad Media.
José Olivio Jiménez, La poesía de Francisco Brines. Renacimiento, Sevilla, 2001.
Authors: Karageorgou-Bastea Christina
Published: July 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La poesía de Francisco Brines.
"El primer Nebrija indiano". Apuntes sobre una nueva edición del "Vocabulario" de Alonso de Molina
Authors: Smith Stark Thomas C.
Published: July 2017

Alonso de Molina fue el primero en aplicar el estilo lexicográfico de Nebrija a una lengua americana. Su vocabulario español-náhuatl, publicado por primera vez en 1555, tuvo una enorme influencia en otros trabajos lexicográficos de la Nueva España. Ciertas características importantes de la obra de Molina son sus innovaciones léxicas frente a Nebrija, el lastre latino, los neologismos, el diseño de las entradas y la representación fonológica. Se hacen algunas observaciones sobre la edición facsimilar de este vocabulario que preparó Manuel Galeote, su estudio preliminar, y, en particular, su análisis de los hispanismos en el vocabulario.
Luis Fernando Lara, Ensayos de teoría semántica: lengua natural ylenguajes científicos. El Colegio de México, México, 2001; 261 pp. (Jornadas, 135).
Authors: Bogomilova Lozanova Elena
Published: July 2017

Se reseñó el libro:  Ensayos de teoría semántica: lengua natural y lenguajes científicos
Ignacio Arellano, Calderón y su escuela dramática. Ediciones del Laberinto, Madrid, 2001; 219 pp. (Arcadia de las Letras, 6).
Authors: Arteaga Alejandro
Published: July 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Calderón y su escuela dramática.
KONSEP PERLINDUNGAN HAK KONSTITUSIONAL PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI INDONESIA
Authors: Purnomosidi Arie
Published: July 2017

Berbicara tentang hak konstitusional, berarti membicarakan tentang hak dasar manusia yang dimuat dalam konstitusi. Hak-hak yang diatur dalam konstitusi merupakan batas yang tidak bisa dilanggar oleh penyelenggara Negara dalam menjalankan kekuasaan Negara, baik sebagai hak warga Negara atau hak asasi. Dalam UUD 1945 hak-hak yang secara tegas disebut sebagai hak asasi manusia yaitu sebagaimana termuat dalam Bab XA UUD 1945. Salah satu hak konstitusional yang diatur dalam UUD NRI 1945 adalah hak konsitutisional penyandang disabilitas. Hak konstitusional penyandang disabilitas ini perlu untuk diatur baik dalam konstitusi maupun di dalam undang-undang yang bertujuan bukan hanya untuk menjamin pemenuhan hak dan kebutuhan para penyandang disabilitas, tetapi juga memberikan tanggung jawab pada pemerintah dan masyarakat untuk lebih berperan aktif dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap harkat dan martabat para penyandang disabilitas.

Discourse on constitutional rights includes the discussion about basic human rights as contained in the constitution. The rights stipulated in the constitution, both citizens as well as human rights, provide a limit which can not be infringed by the state administrators in performing their authority. In the Constitution of 1945 the rights which are explicitly referred to as human rights are contained in Chapter XA. One of the constitutional rights set forth in the constitution is the constitutional rights of persons with disabilities. The constitutional rights of persons with disabilities need to be regulated in the constitution as well as in legislation not only to ensure the fulfillment of the rights and needs of persons with disabilities, but also to provide the basis for the responsibility of the government and the community to be more active in providing protection of the dignity of persons with
disabilities.
TINJAUAN NORMATIF PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ISTRI KORBAN KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Mayasari Dian Ety
Published: July 2017

Seorang istri yang menjadi korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dengan pelaku adalah suaminya sendiri menunjukkan adanya ketidakseimbangan hak dan kewajiban antara suami dan istri dalam menjalani kehidupan berumah tangga, padahal hak dan kewajiban suami istri sudah diatur secara tegas dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan. Sebagai pelaku tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga maka suami tidak dapat lepas dari sanksi pidana yang sudah ditentukan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga, oleh sebab itu istri sebagai korban yang mengalami kerugian dari terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga harus berani untuk mengadukan tindakan suaminya ke pihak kepolisian agar bisa diproses secara hukum dengan harapan apabila sudah dijatuhkan sanksi pidana bisa memberi efek jera pada pelaku sehingga tidak akan mengulangi lagi perbuatannya dan tujuan perkawinan bisa tercapai.

Domestic violence perpetrated by a husband to his wife reflects the absence of balanced rights and obligations in the household as stipulated in Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage. Although it occurs within the domestic sphere, the husband who perpetrates domestic violence does not escape from the threat of criminal sanctions as stipulated in Law No. 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence. Therefore, a wife who becomes a victim of domestic violence should not hesitate to file a report with the relevant police department concerning her husband’s abusive action so that legal proceedings are performed and
ultimately criminal sanctions conferred. It is expected that the criminal sanction provides a deterrent effect. Hopefully, the perpetrator will not repeat his actions and thus the purpose of creating a happy family in a marriage can be achieved.
Challenges and obstacles in the production of cross-border territorial strategies
Authors: Decoville Antoine , Durand Frédéric
Published: July 2017

Cross-border strategies have been flourishing over the last few decades in Europe, mostly in a favourable context where European funding is available and legal instruments are well-developed. However, one may wonder which objectives are really targeted within this very broad and imprecise notion of cross-border strategy. The purpose of this paper is, first, to provide a theoretical framework in order to better understand the different meanings of the notion of cross-border integration and to provide a more critical perspective on its effects. Secondly, it analyses the policy content of the cross-border territorial strategy developed within the Greater Region before, in the final section, pointing out the difficulties faced by policy-makers during its elaboration. This final section is based on the insights brought both by the regional stakeholders interviewed and by our expertise as moderators and scientific advisors within the working group in charge of the realisation of the cross-border territorial strategy. The main finding of our analysis is that the consensus that has been reached by all the stakeholders is the “smallest common denominator”; that is to say, the least constraining.
High Altitude Hospitality
Authors: Joshi Basant Prasad
Published: July 2017

Most of the books and journals of hospitality and tourism, generally talk about history, trends and components of hospitality as a newly emerging discipline but there are a few books could only make significant contribution on the prospects, challenges and opportunities for hospitality especially in high altitudes where the challenges are ample. People would basically be interested to travel to altitudes to crave the places of adventures specially trekking, hiking, mountaineering, rock climbing, snow skiing, etc. Providing hospitality in high altitudes is a very perplexing task where there is always a scarcity of man, material and management. Hochschild (2003) in his book The Managed Heart explains about the human factors that are important in providing hospitality services. The importance of feelings and its belongings on the offered services to the client and guests has a direct bearing on the overall experience and this experience is much important in high altitudes where the sentimental values are more important than the physical elements of a good service.Journal of Tourism and Hospitality EducationVol. 7, 2017, page : 62-82
Synthesis and growth mechanisms of ZrC whiskers fabricated by a VLS process
Authors: Lee Dongju , Song Sung Ho
Published: July 2017

The mechanisms of nano-sized ZrC whisker formation by a vapor–liquid–solid process are investigated, which produces a very high purity, single crystal whisker. Rectangular ZrC whiskers with a cross-sectional diameter of 100–200 nm and lengths up to tens of microns are formed under the catalytic effect of nickel. The ZrC whiskers are characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. ZrC whiskers can be used as a potential reinforcing and strengthening phase for ceramic composites.
Microscale Heat Island Characterization of Rigid Pavements
Authors: Sen Sushobhan , Roesler Jeffery
Published: July 2017

Rigid pavements have an impact on the urban heat island (UHI) and hence the surrounding environment and human comfort. Currently, most studies use a mesoscale approach in UHI characterization of pavements. This study proposes a microscale approach that can be incorporated into a pavement life-cycle assessment (LCA). The heat flux of various concrete pavements containing layers of varying thermal diffusivity and inertia was simulated. The surface pavement radiative forcing (RFp) was developed as a metric for use in a pavement LCA. Additionally, the heat conducted and stored in each concrete pavement system was analyzed using an average seasonal day metric to understand the temporal pavement energetics. Of the various thermal cases, only a higher albedo surface significantly changed the RFp for a fixed climate. However, a time lag was induced by the thermal inertia of the base course, which decreased the amount of heat conducted out of the pavement at night by storing heat in the base course for a longer time, effectively reducing nighttime UHI. Diurnal variations in thermal behavior can be controlled by changing the thermal properties of subsurface layers, which can be used to partially mitigate UHI.
Single fraction radiotherapy is more acceptable than multi-fraction radiotherapy to palliate the metastatic bone pain
Authors: Sharmin Sadia , Bhuiyan Md Zillur Rahman , Rahman Atiar , Alam Sarwar
Published: July 2017

One of the main goals of palliative radiation treatment is the relief of pain or dysfunction caused by the bone metastasis. Most patients achieve pain relief after irradiation. The striking clinical observation is that some patients experience symptom relief within 24hrs after the irradiation. This quasi experimental study was carried out in the department of Oncology, BSMMU from January 2014 to June 2014 with the intention to compare the role of single fraction and multiple fraction radiotherapy in the management of bone secondaries as regard as potency for pain relief. A total of 100 patients with age up to 70 years and of any sex having cytologically or histologically proven malignant diseases with the painful bone metastases in single or multiple sites without pathological fracture were selected for the study. They had no history of previous radiotherapy on the treatment site. Patients were divided in to two Arm A and Arm B with 50 patients in each arm. Arm A was treated with single (8 Gy) fraction radiotherapy and Arm B was treated with multiple fraction (30 Gy) radiotherapy i.e. 300 cGy per fraction in 10 fractions, 5 days a week for two weeks by telecobalt or orthovoltage machine. 44 patients in Arm A & 46 patients in Arm B completed the study. Onset of pain relief after completion of 4th week radiation were 68% in Arm A and 67.4% in Arm B . It was observed that, after 8th week of radiation 81.8% in Arm A and 86% in Arm B were relieved from pain. According to histological typing, 45% in Arm A & 52% patients in Arm B had complete response; 40% in Arm A & 37% patients in Arm B had partial response and overall distribution of no response of patient in Arm A was 18% and in Arm B was 7%. Metastatic bone pain represents one of the major indications in the external beam radiation therapy today.The disease can be efficiently treated by the use of either single fraction or multifraction radiotherapy without any significant difference in response to rate and early toxicities.Bangladesh Med J. 2016 Sep; 45 (3): 151-155
Hepatitis B virus remains the leading cause of cirrhosis of liver in Bangladesh
Authors: Das Dulal Chandra , Mahtab Mamun Al , Rahim Md Abdur , Malakar Debraj , Kabir Anwarul , Rahman Salimur
Published: July 2017

Cirrhosis is a serious and irreversible disease. It is a consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrotic scar tissue as well as regenerative nodules, leading to progressive loss of liver function. Present study was conducted to evaluate the aetiological factors of liver cirrhosis. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. Patients attending Hepatology Green Unit, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka in 2014 with cirrhosis were included. Total 770 patients were studied, 525(68.18%) males and 245(31.82 %) females. Majority of patients, 379(49.22%) had HBV infection, 162(21.04%) had NASH, 113(14.68%) had HCV infection, 31(4.02%) had alcohol abuse, 28(3.64%) had Wilsons disease , 23(2.98%) had autoimmune hepatitis and no etiological factors (cryptogenic) were recorded in 34 (4.42%) patients. HBV infection was the major risk factor for cirrhosis in our patients.Bangladesh Med J. 2016 Sep; 45 (3): 164-166
Obituary News Vol 45(3)
Authors: Editor The
Published: July 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh Med J. 2016 Sep; 45 (3): 180
In Vitro Testing of Crude Natural Plant Extracts from Costa Rica for Their Ability to Boost Innate Immune Cells against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Yaseen Ragheda , Branitzki-Heinemann Katja , Moubasher Hani , Setzer William , Naim Hassan , Von Köckritz-Blickwede Maren
Published: July 2017

The increasing occurrence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus (S.) aureus tremendously limits the antibiotic-based treatment options; therefore, an open discussion of alternative treatment strategies is urgently needed. The use of naturally derived materials might become a more promising concept, not only as directly acting antimicrobials, but also for stimulation of the immune system. Costa Rican plant extracts were screened for their ability to enhance the antimicrobial activity of human blood-derived cells against S. aureus infections. We identified three plant extracts which significantly reduced the growth of S. aureus in the presence of human blood without directly acting as antibacterials: Byrsonima crassifolia acetone bark extract, Mandevilla veraguasensis acetone vine extract and Verbesina oerstediana acetone bark extract (VEOEBA). The effect of VEOEBA was studied in more detail, and revealed that VEOEBA increases the antimicrobial activity of neutrophils by enhancing the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
Nationwide Flood Monitoring for Disaster Risk Reduction Using Multiple Satellite Data
Authors: Kwak Young-joo
Published: July 2017

As part of the contribution to flood disaster risk reduction, it is important to identify and characterize flood areas, locations, and durations. Multiple satellite-based flood mapping and monitoring are an imperative process and the fundamental part of risk assessment in disaster risk management. In this paper, the MODIS-derived synchronized floodwater index (SfWi) was used to detect the maximum extent of a nationwide flood based on annual time-series data of 2015 in order to maximize the application of optical satellite data. The selected three major rivers—i.e., Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna (GBM), transboundary rivers running through the great floodplain delta lying between Bangladesh and eastern India—show that a propensity of flood risk was revealed by the temporal and spatial dynamics of the maximum flood extent during the 2015 monsoon season. Resultant flood maps showed that SfWi-indicated flood areas were small but more accurate than those derived from the single use of the MODIS-derived water index. The return period of SfWi-indicated maximum flood extent was confirmed to be about 20 years based on historical flood records.
Semi-Quantitative Mass Spectrometry in AML Cells Identifies New Non-Genomic Targets of the EZH2 Methyltransferase
Authors: Sbirkov Yordan , Kwok Colin , Bhamra Amandeep , Thompson Andrew , Gil Veronica , Zelent Arthur , Petrie Kevin
Published: July 2017

Alterations to the gene encoding the EZH2 (KMT6A) methyltransferase, including both gain-of-function and loss-of-function, have been linked to a variety of haematological malignancies and solid tumours, suggesting a complex, context-dependent role of this methyltransferase. The successful implementation of molecularly targeted therapies against EZH2 requires a greater understanding of the potential mechanisms by which EZH2 contributes to cancer. One aspect of this effort is the mapping of EZH2 partner proteins and cellular targets. To this end we performed affinity-purification mass spectrometry in the FAB-M2 HL-60 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell line before and after all-trans retinoic acid-induced differentiation. These studies identified new EZH2 interaction partners and potential non-histone substrates for EZH2-mediated methylation. Our results suggest that EZH2 is involved in the regulation of translation through interactions with a number of RNA binding proteins and by methylating key components of protein synthesis such as eEF1A1. Given that deregulated mRNA translation is a frequent feature of cancer and that eEF1A1 is highly expressed in many human tumours, these findings present new possibilities for the therapeutic targeting of EZH2 in AML.
Early Hippocampal i-LTP and LOX-1 Overexpression Induced by Anoxia: A Potential Role in Neurodegeneration in NPC Mouse Model
Authors: Lo Castro Adriana , Murdocca Michela , Pucci Sabina , Zaratti Anna , Greggi Chiara , Sangiuolo Federica , Tancredi Virginia , Frank Claudio , D’Arcangelo Giovanna
Published: July 2017

Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPCD) is an autosomal recessive storage disorder, characterized by abnormal sequestration of unesterified cholesterol within the late endo-lysosomal compartment of cells. In the central nervous system, hypoxic insults could result in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) induction, leading to a pathological hippocampal response, namely, ischemic long-term potentiation (i-LTP). These events may correlate with the progressive neural loss observed in NPCD. To test these hypotheses, hippocampal slices from Wild Type (WT) and NPC1−/− mice were prepared, and field potential in the CA1 region was analyzed during transient oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD). Moreover, LOX-1 expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR, immunocytochemical, and Western blot analyses before and after an anoxic episode. Our results demonstrate the development of a precocious i-LTP in NPC1−/− mice during OGD application. We also observed a higher expression of LOX-1 transcript and protein in NPC1−/− mice with respect to WT mice; after anoxic damage to LOX-1 expression, a further increase in both NPC1−/− and WT mice was observed, although the protein expression seems to be delayed, suggesting a different kinetic of induction. These data clearly suggest an elevated susceptibility to neurodegeneration in NPC1−/− mice due to oxidative stress. The observed up-regulation of LOX-1 in the hippocampus of NPC1−/− mice may also open a new scenario in which new biomarkers can be identified.
Computational Investigation into the Interactions of Traditional Chinese Medicine Molecules of WenQingYin with GluR2
Authors: Tseng Yu-Hui , Chuang Po-Hsiang , Huang Yu-Ren , Chen Cheng-Lung
Published: July 2017

Docking and molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to investigate the interaction of a traditional Chinese medicine, WenQingYin, with the glutamate receptor 2 (GluR2) subunit of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor. Four representative drug components of WenQingYin, namely 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,6,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one (PHF), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid (HMB), 4-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutoxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one (DHMBP) and methyl 7-formylcyclopenta[c]pyran-4-carboxylate (cerbinal), and their complexes with GluR2 were simulated. Our results show that PHF, HMB, and DHMBP formed a partial hydrogen bond with GluR2 in its ligand-binding domain. However, cerbinal was not stable in the ligand-binding domain of GluR2 and induced a significant change in the structure of GluR2. Three-dimensional plots represent the contact and movement situation of the traditional Chinese medicine molecules in the ligand-binding domain. The combined results of the docking and molecular dynamics simulations provide insight into the interaction between these traditional Chinese medicine molecules and proteins.
Differential Effects of Histone Acetyltransferase GCN5 or PCAF Knockdown on Urothelial Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Koutsogiannouli Evangelia A. , Wagner Nicholas , Hader Christiane , Pinkerneil Maria , Hoffmann Michèle J. , Schulz Wolfgang A.
Published: July 2017

Disturbances in histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are common in cancers. In urothelial carcinoma (UC), p300 and CBP are often mutated, whereas the GNAT family HATs GCN5 and PCAF (General Control Nonderepressible 5, p300/CBP-Associated Factor) are often upregulated. Here, we explored the effects of specific siRNA-mediated knockdown of GCN5, PCAF or both in four UC cell lines (UCCs). Expression of various HATs and marker proteins was measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. Cellular effects of knockdowns were analyzed by flow cytometry and ATP-, caspase-, and colony forming-assays. GCN5 was regularly upregulated in UCCs, whereas PCAF was variable. Knockdown of GCN5 or both GNATs, but not of PCAF alone, diminished viability and inhibited clonogenic growth in 2/4 UCCs, inducing cell cycle changes and caspase-3/7 activity. PCAF knockdown elicited GCN5 mRNA upregulation. Double knockdown increased c-MYC and MDM2 (Mouse Double Minute 2) in most cell lines. In conclusion, GCN5 upregulation is especially common in UCCs. GCN5 knockdown impeded growth of specific UCCs, whereas PCAF knockdown elicited minor effects. The limited sensitivity towards GNAT knockdown and its variation between the cell lines might be due to compensatory effects including HAT, c-MYC and MDM2 upregulation. Our results predict that developing drugs targeting individual HATs for UC treatment may be challenging.
Corrosion and Tribology of Materials Used in a Novel Reverse Hip Replacement
Authors: Braddon Linda , Termanini Zafer , MacDonald Steven , Parvizi Jay , Lieberman Jay , Frankel Victor , Zuckerman Joseph
Published: July 2017

Total hip arthroplasty has been utilized for the past 50 years as an effective treatment for degenerative, inflammatory and traumatic disorders of the hip. The design of these implants has generally followed the anatomy of the hip as a ball and socket joint with the femoral head representing the ball and the acetabulum representing the socket. We describe a novel hip arthroplasty design in which the “ball” is located on the acetabular side and the “socket” is located on the femoral side. The results of extensive biomechanical testing are described and document wear and corrosion characteristics that are at least equivalent to standard designs. These results support clinical assessment as the next step of the evaluation.
Producing Novel Fibrinolytic Isoindolinone Derivatives in Marine Fungus Stachybotrys longispora FG216 by the Rational Supply of Amino Compounds According to Its Biosynthesis Pathway
Authors: Yin Ying , Fu Qiang , Wu Wenhui , Cai Menghao , Zhou Xiangshan , Zhang Yuanxing
Published: July 2017

Many fungi in the Stachybotrys genus can produce various isoindolinone derivatives. These compounds are formed by a spontaneous reaction between a phthalic aldehyde precursor and an ammonium ion or amino compounds. In this study, we suggested the isoindolinone biosynthetic gene cluster in Stachybotrys by genome mining based on three reported core genes. Remarkably, there is an additional nitrate reductase (NR) gene copy in the proposed cluster. NR is the rate-limiting enzyme of nitrate reduction. Accordingly, this cluster was speculated to play a role in the balance of ammonium ion concentration in Stachybotrys. Ammonium ions can be replaced by different amino compounds to create structural diversity in the biosynthetic process of isoindolinone. We tested a rational supply of amino compounds ((±)-3-amino-2-piperidinone, glycine, and l-threonine) in the culture of an isoindolinone high-producing marine fungus, Stachybotrys longispora FG216. As a result, we obtained four new kinds of isoindolinone derivatives (FGFC4–GFC7) by this method. Furthermore, high yields of FGFC4–FGFC7 confirmed the outstanding production capacity of FG216. Among the four new isoindolinone derivatives, FGFC6 and FGFC7 showed promising fibrinolytic activities. The knowledge of biosynthesis pathways may be an important attribute for the discovery of novel bioactive marine natural products.
Substituent Effects on the Stability of Thallium and Phosphorus Triple Bonds: A Density Functional Study
Authors: Lu Jia-Syun , Yang Ming-Chung , Su Ming-Der
Published: July 2017

Three computational methods (M06-2X/Def2-TZVP, B3PW91/Def2-TZVP and B3LYP/LANL2DZ+dp) were used to study the effect of substitution on the potential energy surfaces of RTl≡PR (R = F, OH, H, CH3, SiH3, SiMe(SitBu3)2, SiiPrDis2, Tbt (=C6H2-2,4,6-(CH(SiMe3)2)3), and Ar* (=C6H3-2,6-(C6H2-2, 4,6-i-Pr3)2)). The theoretical results show that these triply bonded RTl≡PR compounds have a preference for a bent geometry (i.e., ∠R⎼Tl⎼P ≈ 180° and ∠Tl⎼P⎼R ≈ 120°). Two valence bond models are used to interpret the bonding character of the Tl≡P triple bond. One is model [I], which is best described as TlP. This interprets the bonding conditions for RTl≡PR molecules that feature small ligands. The other is model [II], which is best represented as TlP. This explains the bonding character of RTl≡PR molecules that feature large substituents. Irrespective of the types of substituents used for the RTl≡PR species, the theoretical investigations (based on the natural bond orbital, the natural resonance theory, and the charge decomposition analysis) demonstrate that their Tl≡P triple bonds are very weak. However, the theoretical results predict that only bulkier substituents greatly stabilize the triply bonded RTl≡PR species, from the kinetic viewpoint.
Aerosol Property Retrieval Algorithm over Northeast Asia from TANSO-CAI Measurements Onboard GOSAT
Authors: Lee Sanghee , Kim Mijin , Choi Myungje , Go Sujung , Kim Jhoon , Kim Jung-Hyun , Lim Hyun-Kwang , Jeong Ukkyo , Goo Tae-Young , Kuze Akihiko , Shiomi Kei , Tatsuya Yokota
Published: July 2017

The presence of aerosol has resulted in serious limitations in the data coverage and large uncertainties in retrieving carbon dioxide (CO2) amounts from satellite measurements. For this reason, an aerosol retrieval algorithm was developed for the Thermal and Near-infrared Sensor for carbon Observation-Cloud and Aerosol Imager (TANSO-CAI) launched in January 2009 on board the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT). The algorithm retrieves aerosol optical depth (AOD), aerosol size information, and aerosol type in 0.1° grid resolution by look-up tables constructed using inversion products from Aerosol Robotic NETwork (AERONET) sun-photometer observation over Northeast Asia as a priori information. To improve the accuracy of the TANSO-CAI aerosol algorithm, we consider both seasonal and annual estimated radiometric degradation factors of TANSO-CAI in this study. Surface reflectance is determined by the same 23-path composite method of Rayleigh and gas corrected reflectance to avoid the stripes of each band. To distinguish aerosol absorptivity, reflectance difference test between ultraviolet (band 1) and visible (band 2) wavelengths depending on AODs was used. To remove clouds in aerosol retrieval, the normalized difference vegetation index and ratio of reflectance between band 2 (0.674 μm) and band 3 (0.870 μm) threshold tests have been applied. To mask turbid water over ocean, a threshold test for the estimated surface reflectance at band 2 was also introduced. The TANSO-CAI aerosol algorithm provides aerosol properties such as AOD, size information and aerosol types from June 2009 to December 2013 in this study. Here, we focused on the algorithm improvement for AOD retrievals and their validation in this study. The retrieved AODs were compared with those from AERONET and the Aqua/MODerate resolution Imaging Sensor (MODIS) Collection 6 Level 2 dataset over land and ocean. Comparisons of AODs between AERONET and TANSO-CAI over Northeast Asia showed good agreement with correlation coefficient (R) 0.739 ± 0.046, root mean square error (RMSE) 0.232 ± 0.047, and linear regression line slope 0.960 ± 0.083 for the entire period. Over ocean, the comparisons between Aqua/MODIS and TANSO-CAI for the same period over Northeast Asia showed improved consistency, with correlation coefficient 0.830 ± 0.047, RMSE 0.140 ± 0.019, and linear regression line slope 1.226 ± 0.063 for the entire period. Over land, however, the comparisons between Aqua/MODIS and TANSO-CAI show relatively lower correlation (approximate R = 0.67, RMSE = 0.40, slope = 0.77) than those over ocean. In order to improve accuracy in retrieving CO2 amounts, the retrieved aerosol properties in this study have been provided as input for CO2 retrieval with GOSAT TANSO-Fourier Transform Spectrometer measurements.
Erratum: A Machine Learning Method for Co-Registration and Individual Tree Matching of Forest Inventory and Airborne Laser Scanning Data. Remote Sens. 2017, 9, 505
Authors: Lamprecht Sebastian , Hill Andreas , Stoffels Johannes , Udelhoven Thomas
Published: July 2017

Since Equation (2) has been rearranged incorrectly during preparation for this article [1], the authors would like to correct the relevant text of Section 3.4.3 as follows:[...]
Complex Virus–Host Interactions Involved in the Regulation of Classical Swine Fever Virus Replication: A Minireview
Authors: Li Su , Wang Jinghan , Yang Qian , Naveed Anwar Muhammad , Yu Shaoxiong , Qiu Hua-Ji
Published: July 2017

Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is one of the most devastating epizootic diseases of pigs in many countries. Viruses are small intracellular parasites and thus rely on the cellular factors for replication. Fundamental aspects of CSFV–host interactions have been well described, such as factors contributing to viral attachment, modulation of genomic replication and translation, antagonism of innate immunity, and inhibition of cell apoptosis. However, those host factors that participate in the viral entry, assembly, and release largely remain to be elucidated. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the virus–host interactions involved in the life cycle of CSFV and analyze the potential mechanisms of viral entry, assembly, and release. We conclude with future perspectives and highlight areas that require further understanding.
Virus/Host Cell Crosstalk in Hypoxic HPV-Positive Cancer Cells
Authors: Hoppe-Seyler Karin , Mändl Julia , Adrian Svenja , Kuhn Bianca , Hoppe-Seyler Felix
Published: July 2017

Oncogenic types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are major human carcinogens. The expression of the viral E6/E7 oncogenes plays a key role for HPV-linked oncogenesis. It recently has been found that low oxygen concentrations (“hypoxia”), as present in sub-regions of HPV-positive cancers, strongly affect the interplay between the HPV oncogenes and their transformed host cell. As a result, a state of dormancy is induced in hypoxic HPV-positive cancer cells, which is characterized by a shutdown of viral oncogene expression and a proliferative arrest that can be reversed by reoxygenation. In this review, these findings are put into the context of the current concepts of both HPV-linked carcinogenesis and of the effects of hypoxia on tumor biology. Moreover, we discuss the consequences for the phenotype of HPV-positive cancer cells as well as for their clinical behavior and response towards established and prospective therapeutic strategies.