bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrient Composition, Uptake, Yield and Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Black Gram as Influenced by Soil Amendments and Phosphorus in Acidic Soil of Nagaland
Authors: Jamir Temsusangla I. , Sharma Y.K. , Uchoi Albert
Published: January 2025

Background: Nutrient availability is impaired by soil acidity limiting its accessibility to plants especially phosphorus get immobilized by Fe3+ and Al3+ in acid soil, thereby, resulting in poor growth, seed development and yield. Liming is an imperative soil management practices to keep in check the soil acidity-induced fertility constraints, along with integrated use of fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Methods: The experiment consist of four soil amendments levels [SA0 (control), SA1 (5% LR), SA2 (PSB) and SA3 (5% LR+PSB)] and four phosphorus levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Lime (CaCO3) was applied in furrows 10 days prior to sowing and seed was treated with PSB a day before sowing. Phosphorus levels and the recommended dose of nitrogen and potassium were applied as basal. Result: SA3 (5% LR+PSB) significantly increased the seed yield by 29.9% and stover yield by 35.7% over control. Among P levels application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 significantly increased the seed and stover yield and was found highest over preceding P levels but was found at par with P40; application of 40 kg P2O5 ha-1 increased the seed yield by 44.9% and stover yield by 55.9% over control. Interaction effect of soil amendments and phosphorus was significant on seed and stover yieldand nutrient uptake. Phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) decreased with increase in phosphorus levels while P uptake efficiency (PUPE), fertilizer P uptake efficiency (FPUPE), fertilizer P utilization efficiency (FPUTE) and fertilizer P use efficiency (FPUE) were highest at P40.
Molecular Occurrence of CPV-2 Infection in HGE Affected Dogs
Authors: Jayaprasad Anuja , Singh Brejesh , Jadav Kajal , Sinha Yogendra Kumar , Lade Diksha , Singh Somesh
Published: January 2025

Background: Canine parvovirus is the most prevalent infectious disease affecting dogs globally. Canine parvovirus type-2 is regarded as the causal factor of canine parvoviral enteritis (PVE). The objective of the study was to determine the occurrence of parvovirus in dogs in Jabalpur from June, 2023 to December, 2023. Methods: Faecal samples form suspected cases were handled using sterile swab and immersed immediately in phosphate buffer saline (1X PBS; pH 7.3±0.1). Polymerase chain reaction, conducted to confirm the cases of parvovirus infection. Result: Out of 125 faecal samples of dogs affected with HGE, 78 (62.4%) samples were found to be positive for VP-2 gene. The detailed investigation of the positive samples showed that the occurrence was highest among dogs of 0-3 months age group (79.06%). Non-descript breed had the highest occurrence of parvovirus infection (78.57%). Males showed a higher occurrence (71.64%) than female.
A Rare Mitochondrial Genome of Albino Eothenomys eleusis Thomas 1911 (Cricetidae: Arvicolinae) from Southeastern Yunnan, China and its phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: Zhang Juan , Mu Yuan , Zhu Wanlong , Yang Xiaomi
Published: January 2025

Background: Animal body color was crucial for genetics and evolution, among which albinism was the result of genetic mutations and there were multiple genetic mechanisms that impede melanin synthesis, thereby affecting animal survival. Studying the phenomenon of albinism could help deepen our understanding of the secrets of genetic and species adaptive evolution. Methods: This study utilized high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis to investigate the mitochondrial genome of the albino Eothenomys eleusis Thomas 1911. The aim was to reveal its structural or compositional characteristics, phylogenetic locationand evolutionary rate. Result: The characteristic results indicated that the genome sequence (16,347 bp) contained 37 genes and a control region, with a few genes in the “-” chain and most genes in the “+” chain. The base composition and skewness of the whole genome exhibited a significant AT preference. Except for nad1 started with GTG and nad1, cox3 and nad4 ended with T (AA), most of the 13 PCGs followed standard genetic code rules. The most commonly used codons were CUA, AUCand AUA, while the relatively commonly used amino acids were Leu1, Ile and Thr. Numerous U-G mismatches were observed in the secondary structure of tRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that albino E. eleusis was closely related to normal E. eleusisand Eothenomys was a monophyletic group. Evolutionary rate analysis suggested that atp8 and nd4l had higher dN/dS mean values, while cox1 and cox2 were the opposite. In conclusion, this study not only revealed for the first time the mitochondrial genome characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of albino E. eleusis, but also provided a new scientific basis and reference direction for the genetic characteristics, diversity and adaptive evolution of Eothenomys and other albino species.
Potential Neuromodulatory Effects of Prodigiosin-conjugated Silver Nanoparticles: Implications for Epilepsy Management and Their Impact on Obesity in Rat Model
Authors: Almohawes Zakiah Nasser , El-Khadragy Manal F. , Al-Megrin Wafa Abdullah I. , Salem Fatma Elzahraa H.
Published: January 2025

Background: Exposure to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) is capable of inducing experimental epilepsy in rats. As a result of the use of anticonvulsant treatment, obesity and metabolic syndrome are commonly observed in patients with epilepsy. Prodigiosin (PG) is a red pigment synthesized by bacterial species with important pharmaceutical and biological activities. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective and anticonvulsant activities of silver nanoparticles conjugated with PG (PG-AgNPs) versus pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epileptic seizures. Methods: Rats were assigned into six experimental groups: control; PG-AgNP (300 mg/kg); PTZ (60 mg/kg, epileptic model); sodium valproate (600 mg/kg) + PTZ; PG-AgNP + PTZ and sodium valproate (VPA)+PG-AgNP+ PTZ. The treatment duration is extended to 7 days. Result: Induction of epilepsy resulted in a significant decrease in monoamines (5-HT, DA, NE), glutamate, aspartate, serine and a significant increase in GABA, glycine and taurine in the brain. In addition, it causes an increase in serum insulin and leptin and a significant decrease in serum glucose and disturbance in oxidative and antioxidant system. Additionally, PG-AgNP enhanced the antioxidant capacity of brain tissue by activating antioxidants and decreasing the levels of pro-oxidants. In addition, it caused decrease in insulin resistant and leptin level in serum accordingly caused increase in the content of blood glucose level which enhance the metabolic rate and minimize the increase in the body weight as a result of anticonvulsant (VPA). Interestingly, PG-AgNP restored the PTZ-induced imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids and improved monoaminergic and cholinergic transmission.
IMPACTS OF GREEN TRAINING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LOGISTICS COPMANIES
Authors:   Faculty of Postgraduate Studies, Lac Hong University, Dong Nai, Vietnam, Chuyen Doan Thi
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the effects of green training, green intellectual capital, and green logistics practices on the performance and sustainability of logistics enterprises, focusing on firms in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. A quantitative methodology, including Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), was applied to analyze data from 437 respondents representing logistics firms. The results affirm that green training enhances employees’ environmental skills and awareness, leading to improved operational efficiency and reduced ecological impact. Green intellectual capital supports innovation, fostering long-term competitive advantages, while green logistics practices streamline processes, lower costs, and enhance sustainability. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of sustainable development by emphasizing the strategic importance of green practices in achieving economic and environmental goals within the logistics industry. The study offers actionable insights for policymakers and industry leaders aiming to integrate sustainability into organizational frameworks.
Michael Turvey: A Personal Tribute
Authors: Rosenbaum David A.
Published: January 2025

Michael Turvey revolutionized the study of perception and action. In this personal tribute, I summarize his most important contributions from my perspective. The contributions start with information-processing psychology and then turn to ecological and dynamical-systems research. My work, like that of many others, was significantly affected by Turvey’s insights and charisma. I review studies of my own that particularly bore the mark of Turvey and his colleagues.
Economic Impact of Surveillance of Head Trauma Patients with Coagulopathy and Normal Initial Computed Tomography Scan (ECO-NCT)
Authors: Ribeiro da Costa Tiago , Batata Rodrigo , Oliveira Susana , Fernandes Armindo , Sousa Sérgio , Vaz Silva Filipe , Sá Pinto Vasco , Tizziani Márcia , Cunha Eduardo , Calheiros Alfredo
Published: January 2025

Introduction: According to the Portuguese clinical guidelines published in 1999, patients with traumatic brain injury and coagulopathies should remain in-hospital for 24 hours for clinical and image surveillance, despite having an admission computed tomography (CT) scan showing no intracranial lesions. Growing evidence suggests this practice is not only void of clinical relevance, but that it can also be potentially harmful for the patient. Nevertheless, upuntil now there is no published data concerning the economic impact of this clinical practice. Methods: A cost analysis compared retrospective data from patients admitted to our emergency department during 2022 with a hypothetical scenario in which a patient with an admission CT scan without traumatic lesions was discharged. Clinical data was also retrieved concerning the rate of a delayed intracranial bleeding on 24-hour CT scan and mortality at a six-month-period after discharge. Direct costs for the national health service were determined in terms of funding and time invested by medical teams.Results: From a sample of 440 patients, 436 remained in-hospital for a 24-hour clinical and image surveillance, of which only two (0.5%) showed a new intracranial lesion on the second CT-scan. Neither of these two patients required therapeutic measures to control bleeding and were discharged 36 hours after admission. Out of 440 patients, one patient (0.2%) died of cardiac arrest during the 24-hour surveillance period, despite having an initial normalCT scan showing no brain lesions. Our current surveillance practice directly amounted to €163 157.00, whereas the cost of our hypothetical scenario amounted to €29 480.00: a difference of €133 677.00. The application of our surveillance guideline also meant that nine emergency shifts were devoted to this task, compared to 4.6 hypothetical shifts if patients were discharged after an initial CT scan without traumatic intracranial lesions.Conclusion: In spite of apparently not adding any clinical value to our practice, our in-hospital surveillance may represent a significant financial and time-consuming burden, costing five times as much and demanding our medical teams twice as much work when compared to a scenario without clinical surveillance and 24-hour CT scans.
Meningite a Haemophilus influenzae Serotipo A e por Adenovírus: Caso Raro de Coinfeção em Lactente de Seis Meses
Authors: Mazeda Inês , Ventura Lourenço Joana , Nascimento Moreira David , Oliveira Gracinda , Mendes Isabel
Published: January 2025

O Haemophilus influenzae serotipo A é uma causa rara de meningite e doença invasiva em idade pediátrica. Um lactente de seis meses deu entrada no serviço de urgência por quadro de febre, tosse e rinorreia. À admissão, encontrava-se vígil e hemodinamicamente estável, tendo ficado progressivamente letárgico e com abaulamento da fontanela. As análises sanguíneas mostraram contagem leucocitária normal e proteína C reativa elevada. A citologia e bioquímica do líquido céfalo-raquidiano foram compatíveis com meningite bacteriana, tendo iniciado terapêutica com ceftriaxone. A hemocultura e exame cultural do líquido céfalo-raquidiano foram positivos para Haemophilus influenzae. A serotipagem da estirpe identificou um Haemophilus influenzae serotipo A. As pesquisas de vírus no líquido céfalo-raquidiano e no aspirado nasofaríngeo foram positivas para adenovírus. Teve alta após 10 dias de antibiótico e recuperação clínica completa. Embora os casos de meningite por Haemophilus influenzae serotipo A sejam raros, a doença invasiva por serotipos não-B e não capsulados tem aumentado, reforçando a necessidade de monitorização e vigilância epidemiológica.
Medical Treatment of Osteomyelitis due to Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Diabetes-Related Foot Disease
Authors: Barbosa Renata , Garrido Susana , Costa Luís , Carvalho Rui
Published: January 2025

N/A
A Emergência da Multiculturalidade nos Cuidados Neonatais Portugueses: Desafios e Linhas de Orientação
Authors: Paiva-Ferreira Inês , Moreira Mafalda , Ferreira-Costa Inês , Machado-Morais Joana , Carvalho Carmen
Published: January 2025

N/A
The Relationship Between Obesity and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Prevalence, Neurobiology, and Clinical Practice
Authors: Pinheiro Ramos Cátia , Paulino Ferreira Luís
Published: January 2025

N/A
Dança
Authors: Leste Thembi Rosa
Published: January 2025

O entrelaçamento da dança com as artes digitais oferece um campo fértil para a abordagem dos arquivos como invenções. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar alguns aspectos das plataformas digitais, Synchronous Object, Motion Bank e os Choreographic Coding Labs como dispositivos potentes para ampliarmos as noções dos arquivos digitais em dança.
“Dog Boy, media whore. It's who the hell you take me for"
Authors: La Selva Adriana , Mizutani Luciana , Vannieuwenhuyze Tessa
Published: January 2025

Este artigo investiga a persona de Brian Molko, vocalista da banda Placebo, criada no final dos anos 1990, em diálogo com abordagens contemporâneas de performance de persona. Por meio de arquivos de fãs e artigos de revistas musicais (1997-1999), analisa-se como Molko negociou uma "extraordinariedade ordinária", antecipando o fenômeno das "personas relutantes" na música pop atual. A pesquisa utiliza a teoria anedótica (Gallop, 2002) para explorar como mídias sociais, intensificam a relação entre teatralidade, performatividade e o engajamento com a performance do comum.
The Influence of Pandawa Beach Festival on Tourists' Decisions to Revisit Pandawa Beach
Authors: Anik Suryaningsih Ni Kadek Anik Suryaningsih , I Gusti Agung Suprastayasa  , Nyoman Reni Ariasri
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The objective of this study is to identify and assess the impact of the Pandawa Beach Festival on tourists' decisions to revisit Pandawa Beach.
Method: This research employed both quantitative and qualitative data collected from 100 respondents through questionnaires to evaluate the effect of the Pandawa Beach Festival on tourists' decisions to return to Pandawa Beach. The study was conducted at Pandawa Beach, Bali, and the data were analyzed using simple linear regression. Validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, and the coefficient of determination were utilized to ensure the accuracy and evaluation of the model. The results indicated that the Pandawa Beach Festival significantly influences tourists' decisions to revisit Pandawa Beach.
Result: The findings of this study show that the Pandawa Beach Festival has a positive and significant impact on the decision to revisit, with a t-value of 13.28 > t-table value of 1.689. This indicates that the Pandawa Beach Festival (X) has a significant influence on the Decision to Revisit (Y). The coefficient of determination test results show that the dependent variable is explained by the independent variable by 64.3%, while the remaining 35.7% is influenced by other variables not included in this study.
Contribution: These findings can serve as a foundation for tourism destination managers to design more effective marketing strategies and enhance the role of festival events in attracting tourist visits.
Women And Fields In The Salako Dayaknese Tribe
Authors: Adel Adellia Alexandra , Dahniar TH Musa  , Dwi Surti Junida
Published: January 2025

Salako Dayaknese is one of the Dayaknese sub-tribes in the Sajingan area, Sambas Regency, West Kalimantan. Generally, farming activities in the Dayak tribe are activities that must be carried out by Dayak people to survive and support the family economy. The characteristic of farming owned by the Dayak people, especially the Salako Dayaknese, is that it is cultivated once a year. Hereditary traditions in farming do not seem easy to abandon, although some of them are familiar with modern access systems today, but there are several families who still apply the hereditary farming system from their ancestors. Rukun padi is known to the Salako people as a tradition of planting rice that was passed down by the ancestors. Various rituals and taboos must be followed so that the rice planted can thrive.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja melalui Edukasi Bahan Berbahaya dalam Kosmetika di Kalimanggis Morangan Sleman
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto , Munawaroh Umu Azizah , Aini Rahma Nur , Burhan Amelia Handayani , Irianto Iramie Duma Kencana
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang : Bulan Oktober hingga Agustus 2022, BPOM Yogyakarta masih menemukan produk kosmetika yang mengandung bahan berbahaya dalam kosmetika. Bahan berbahaya tersebut diantaranya klindamisin, merkuri, betametason 17 (valerate), klobetasol propionat, o-aminofenol, hidrokinon, arsen dan asam retinoat. Bahan berbahaya tersebut terdapat pada sediaan kosmetika berupa krim wajah, lipstick, pensil alis, foundation, pewarna kuku, masker, sabun, lipbalm dan eyeshadow.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap remaja melalui edukasi
Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah pre eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest design. Responden adalah remaja Dusun Kalimanggis Morangan yang diberi perlakukan edukasi berupa penyuluhan langsung tentang bahan berbahaya dalam kosmetika. Intrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner yang telah lolos uji validasi dan realibilitas.
Hasil : Hasil statistik menggunakan Kolmogorov-Smirnov tidak terdistribusi normal sehingga dilajutkan dengan metode statistik non parametrik, yakni uji Wilcoxon. Sebanyak 89% remaja mendapatkan edukasi pertama saat penelitian ini sehingga materi yang diberikan merupakan sesuatu yang baru diketahui.
Kesimpulan : Peningkatan pengetahuan remaja pasca edukasi melalui penyuluhan langsung tentang bahan berbahaya dalam kosmetika terjadi secara signifikan. Namun edukasi yang diberikan hanya satu waktu tersebut tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap sikap remaja. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah memberikan edukasi dan pemahaman mendalam mengenai bahan berbahaya yang dilarang dalam kosmetika serta pengawet yang diijinkan berdasarkan informasi terkini.
Bioinformatics analysis of radix Angelica dahurica, Chuanxiong rhizoma, and Cyperi rhizoma for COVID-19 treatment
Authors: Hoang Thi-Van , Nguyen Chi-Cong , Nguyen Thi-Thuy-An , Pham Thi-Thuy-Linh , Nguyen Phan-Anh , Nguyen Trang-Thuy , Ha Hai-Anh
Published: January 2025

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, which has unfolded over the past years, poses significant threats to global public health and socioeconomic well-being. Three herbs (radix Angelica dahurica, Chuanxiong rhizoma, and Cyperi rhizoma) have been long utilized in combination for treating common colds and flu.Objective: To analyze potential biotargets and explore possible effects of plant-derived compounds from 3 herbs towards COVID-19 treatment.Method: Bioinformatics databases and network pharmacology were employed to identify bioactive compounds and their biotargets with integrated statistical calculation, followed by Gene Ontology enrichment. KEGG pathway analysis was performed to elucidate the involvement of selected bioactive compounds in COVID-19-related processes.Results: Network pharmacology highlighted essential receptors, cytokines, and signaling proteins. Gene Ontology analysis revealed associations with signal transduction, RNA transcription enzymes, and crucial cellular components. Molecular function analysis emphasized interactions related to virus entry. KEGG analysis uncovered 32 potential targets across various pathways, elucidating their role in inflammation and cytokine storms. Conclusion: This study provides new insight for the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic potential of a combination of radix Angelica dahurica, Chuanxiong rhizoma, and Cyperi rhizoma against COVID-19. The identified targets and pathways offer new directions for further experimental validation, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions for COVID-19.
Prevalensi Problem Depresi pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus di Puskesmas
Authors: Puspita Salma Fajar , Saepudin
Published: January 2025

Latar belakang: Gangguan depresi berpotensi menyebabkan ketidakpatuhan terapi dan komplikasi pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Masih terdapat hasil yang inkonsisten terkait prevalensi dan faktor risiko depresi pada pasien DM.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan prevalensi pasien DM dengan gejala depresi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala depresi.
Metode:  Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional cross-sectional melibatkan pasien dewasa penderita DM di beberapa puskesmas di Yogyakarta yang disampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Karakteristik subyek dan gejala depresi diperoleh dengan wawancara. Kuesioner PHQ-9 digunakan untuk menilai gejala depresi. Hubungan antara karakteristik pasien dengan gejala depresi dianalisis dengan Chi-square atau Fisher’s exact test menggunakan SPSS versi 23.
Hasil: Dari total 268 subyek, sebagian besarnya adalah perempuan dan berusia 40-60 tahun. Lebih dari separuh subyek menderita DM < 5 tahun. Sebagian besar subyek memiliki minimal 1 penyakit penyerta dan menggunakan kombinasi antidiabetika oral. Prevalensi gejala depresi pada penelitian ini adalah 36,6%. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan gejala depresi adalah tingkat pendidikan rendah (p=0,026), menjadi tulang punggung keluarga (p=0,000) dan menderita DM selama 5-10 tahun (p=0,027).  
Kesimpulan: Pasien DM dengan karakter tertentu lebih rentan mengalami depresi dibandingkan dengan pasien DM lain sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian khusus dari tenaga kesehatan agar tujuan terapi DM tercapai.
The potential of coconut oil as an anti-obesity agent: a scoping review
Authors: Duvadilan Sakti Pratami , Rahmawati Riana
Published: January 2025

Background: The rising global prevalence of obesity and its related health issues make it crucial to explore all potential therapeutic options. Coconut oil (CNO) has been extensively studied for its health benefits, yet no scoping review has specifically assessed its potential as an anti-obesity agent, particularly among obese subjects. Objective: This review aims to outline the characteristics and findings regarding the use of coconut oil as an anti-obesity agent in both experimental animal and human studies. Method: The review included original studies on the potential of coconut oil as an anti-obesity agent, published in English or Indonesian between 2011 and 2022. A comprehensive search was performed across databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, SpringerLink, and Portal Garuda. Articles were selected following the PRISMA-ScR flow diagram, with subsequent data extraction, analysis, and synthesis conducted.Results: Eight articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising four preclinical trials (involving obese animal models) and four human studies that recruited obese people. The preclinical trials used virgin coconut oil (VCO), while the human studies utilized both VCO and coconut oil (CNO). In preclinical trials, VCO administration was associated with reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels. In clinical trials, consumption of VCO and CNO was linked to increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and reductions in LDL-C, TC, TG, and anthropometric measures (body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and body fat mass). However, the effects of VCO and CNO on LDL-C, TC, and TG were inconsistent.Conclusion: Coconut oil, particularly in the form of VCO, has shown potential as a supplement for managing obesity. However, this scoping review highlights inconsistencies in the effects of coconut oil on lipid profiles (LDL-C, TC, TG), indicating the need for further research to clarify these outcomes.
Analysis of active compounds in kawista leaf (Limonia acidissima L.) fraction and its antioxidant activity using DPPH method
Authors: Azizah Tri Nur , Harmastuti Nuraini , Wijayanti Tri
Published: January 2025

Background: Kawista (Limonia acidissima L.) is a plant that has been studied for its potential as a natural antioxidant. Research regarding kawista leaves has not been carried out to a more specific stage, so further fraction separation is carried out to determine compounds that have potential as antioxidant agents.Objective: This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of kawista leaf fractions using the DPPH method and to determine the active compounds in the highest antioxidant agents of kawista leaf fracton.Method: Kawista leaves were extracted by re-maceration using methanol, which was then purified by the liquid-liquid extraction method with the solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water. Phytochemical studies were carried out on the fractions using TLC on flavonoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. The fraction was separated by the vacuum liquid chromatography method with 11 eluents, which were then tested for antioxidants and characterization of the most active compounds in the kawista leaf fraction. Then the highest results as antioxidant agents from the fraction were characterized for their active compounds using a spectrophotometer and FTIR.Results: The results of the study showed that the most active purified extract in antioxidant activity was ethyl acetate, which indicates strong antioxidant activity. The combined fraction 2 (F2) indicates flavonoid compounds that played an active role as very strong antioxidants with an AAI value of 3.3808, which is not significantly different from the vitamin C as standard. Flavonoid compounds that have been characterized using a spectrophotometer interpret the wavelength shift data that possible F2 belongs to the flavanon group.Conclusion: Active compounds from kawista leaf fraction (F2) have the highest antioxidant agent, with the possibility that flavonoid compounds from F2 belong to the flavanon group.
The Dynamic Regenerative Scaffold of the Stenting & Shielding Hernia System for Abdominal Hernioplasty Promotes Neo-Nervegenesis in Experimental Porcine Model
Authors: Amato Giuseppe , Romano Giorgio , Puleio Roberto , Di Buono Giuseppe , Cicero Luca , Cassata Giovanni , Romano Giorgio , Neto Claudia , Rà William , Rodolico Vito , Agrusa Antonino
Published: January 2025

Background Prosthetic repair of abdominal wall hernias often leads to complications due to fixation and poor tissue integration. To overcome these issues, the Stenting & Shielding (S&S) Hernia System, a fixation-free 3D scaffold made of TPE, was developed. Tested in a porcine model, the device's dynamic compliance during abdominal movements promoted enhanced tissue regeneration, including the formation of new muscle fibers, blood vessels, and notably, neo-neurogenesis. Methods This study aimed to quantify and characterize the neural ingrowth within the 3D scaffold of the S&S device over various period: short, medium, long, and extra-long term following implantation in experimental pigs. Biopsy specimens were excised from the 3D scaffold of the S&S device to assess the extent and quality of neo-nervegenesis. Results The Findings revealed newly formed nervous structures within biopsy specimens. In the short term, multiple nerve fiber clusters were identified. By the midterm, these nerves showed increased maturation, ultimately culminating in fully developed neural components in the long term stage. Conclusion The observed development of highly specialized nervous elements within The S&S device marks a significant advancement in enhancing biological response in abdominal hernioplasty. By fostering the regrowth of essential tissue components within the abdominal wall, the S&S device may effectively reverse the degenerative processes underlying hernia formation, promoting true tissue regeneration and potentially improving postoperative outcomes for patients.
The Manchester Charcot Ankle Neuroarthropathy (M-CAN) Classification System
Authors: Subramaniam Kularaj , Rusu Iulia Valeria , Bowling Frank Lee , Pillai Anand
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Charcot Neuroarthropathy (CN) is the sequelae of longstanding poorly controlled diabetes. This has been detrimental with subsequent cause to the increased amputations and mortality. The lack of early identification and referral for specialized management of these condition had tremendously uplifted the financial burden to the healthcare system worldwide. There are a few recognized classifications; Eichenholtz, Brodsky, Sanders and Frykberg classification systems, that has been useful in the use of Charcot foot management. There is no currently available classification system for ankle CN. The aim of this article is to institute a new classification system for ankle CN – M-CAN. This classification includes the pattern of deformity, amount of bone loss, status of infection and ulceration, glycaemic controls and pe-dal perfusion status. Methods: A 10-years pool, retrospective review of diabetic CN patients with ankle de-formity, under the care of Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT). Clinical and radiographical assessment was analyzed and an ankle CN classification was constructed, incorporating the Eichenholtz stage at which the patient obtained the treatment. Results: A total of 75 CN ankle were identified and the coronal and sagittal planes of deformity was reviewed. The osseous loss was well documented along with the planes of deformity. The presence of cutaneous break and status of infection were also identified. As a result, large number of the patients were classified as Type 1-d Stage 3. This elaborates into varus ankle with com-bined 2 different articulating joint bone loss. Conclusions: This new classification system for ankle CN, would be of substantial benefit in providing an understanding of the deformity patterns and for descriptive purposes. It enables the condition to be easily grouped in accordance with the acquired deformities and os-seous loss. This would help the treating surgeon or practitioners to perceive a better understanding of the disease progress and plan ahead for the further management.
A Non-Invasive Approach for Facial Action Unit Extraction and Its Application in Pain Detection
Authors: Bouazizi Mondher , Feghoul Kevin , Wang Shengze , Yin Yue , Ohtsuki Tomoaki
Published: January 2025

A significant challenge that hinders advancements in medical research is the sensitive and confidential nature of patient data in available datasets. In particular, sharing patients’ facial images poses considerable privacy risks, especially with the rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI), which could misuse such data if accessed by unauthorized parties. However, facial expressions are a valuable source of information for doctors and researchers, which creates a need for methods to derive them without compromising patient privacy or safety by exposing identifiable facial images. To address this, we present a quick, computationally efficient method for detecting Action Units (AUs) and their intensities—key indicators of health and emotion—using only 3D facial landmarks. Our proposed framework extracts 3D face landmarks from video recordings and employs a lightweight neural network to identify AUs and estimate AU intensities based on these landmarks. Our proposed method reaches 79.25% in AU detection F1-score for the main AUs, and 0.66 in AU intensity estimation Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). This performance shows that it is possible for researchers to share 3D landmarks, which are far less intrusive, instead of facial images while maintaining high accuracy in AU detection. Moreover, to showcase the usefulness of our AU detection model, using the detected AUs and estimated intensities, we trained state-of-the-art deep learning models to detect pain. Our method reaches 91.16% accuracy in pain detection, which is not far behind the 93.14% accuracy obtained when employing a convolutional neural network (CNN) with residual blocks trained on actual images and the 92.11% accuracy obtained when employing all the ground-truth AUs.
Sensor-Based Brain/Machine Interface with Neuromuscular Stimulation to Allow Walking by Thoracic-Level Paraplegics
Authors: Graupe Daniel
Published: January 2025

The paper describes a sensor-based virtual Brain-to-Machine Interface (BMI) that allows walking at will by certain complete thoracic-level paraplegics using neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). The multi-sensor system is walker-mounted, using a reciprocal walker. The sensors communicate electromagnetically (via Bluetooth microchips) with the NMES stimulator. This virtual interface (BMI) facilitates at-will walking, avoiding any brain electrodes or implants and requires no manual switching to initiate any step during walking. It is based on observing the elements of steps taken by paraplegics using the Parastep NMES system at the author’s lab. Based on these observations, a set of sensors is employed, to detect patients’ intentions and trigger NMES stimulation pulses accordingly, to result in walking at will. The resulting sensor data is shown to disallow unintentional steps while requiring only natural movements and avoiding any unnatural or pre-trained body or limb movements.
Current Updated Aspect Related to Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Comorbidity and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome—A Critical Review
Authors: Tabassum Fauzia , Jyoti Chandra , Orayj Khalid , Alshahrani Sultan M , Alavudeen Sirajudeen Shaik , Farooque Sadaf , Afzal Obaid , AlMuraikhi Nihal , Akhtar Md Sayeed
Published: January 2025

The most common metabolic endocrine illness in women, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), swiftly impacts not only physical health but also psychological perception related to social and cultural ties that health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The HRQOL of women with PCOS is greatly affected by the constellation of symptoms that mainly accompany menstrual disorder and androgen excess. Several illnesses and conditions are more common in women with PCOS, such as obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, infertility, cancer, and mental health issues. Managing the cases includes patient education, healthy lifestyle implementations, and the best possible therapeutic interventions, particularly based on targeting their symptoms. Therapeutic interventions include use of metformin, combined oral contraceptive pills, clomiphene citrate, spironolactone, surgery (ovarian laparoscopic drilling), and cosmetic interventions. Moreover, various new therapeutic approaches, such as use of inositol, statins, supplementation of vitamin D, miRNA therapy, interleukin-22 therapy, and faecal microbiota transplantation, bring new opportunities as well as challenges in PCOS management. This review will look at the different aspects of PCOS, other conditions that are linked to it, and the current and future ways that people with PCOS who are having trouble getting pregnant can improve their quality of life.
Algal Lectin Griffithsin Inhibits Ebola Virus Infection
Authors: Wang Leah Liu , Alfson Kendra , Eaton Brett , Mattix Marc E. , Holbrook Michael R , Carrion Jr Ricardo Carrion, Jr , Xiang Shi-Hua
Published: January 2025

Algal lectin Griffithsin (GRFT) is a well-known mannose-binding protein which has a broad-spectrum antiviral activity against several important infectious viruses including HIV, HCV, and SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, GRFT has been brought great attention to antiviral therapeutic development. In this report, we have tested GRFT’s activity against the lethal Ebola virus in vitro and in vivo. Our data has shown that the IC50 value is about 42 nM for inhibiting Zair Ebola virus (EBOV) infection in vitro. The preliminary in vivo mice model using mouse-adapted EBOV has also shown a certain efficacy for delayed mortality compared to the control animals. GRFT pulldown experiment by viral particles demonstrates that GRFT can bind to N-glycans of EBOV. Thus, it can be concluded that GRFT through binding to the viral glycans for blocking Ebola virus infection and has potential for treating Ebola virus disease (EVD).
Concentrations of Fluoroquinolones in Livestock and Poultry: A Systematic Review
Authors: Vela Tryphine , Dermauw Veronique , Kenyon Chris
Published: January 2025

Fluoroquinolones are antimicrobial drugs that are widely used in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections in livestock and poultry. However, their use raises concerns regarding antibiotic residues in food products which poses a threat to both human and animal health. A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted to analyze the concentration of fluoroquinolones in meat, milk, pork, poultry, and eggs. The search was limited to articles published in English, between 2000-2022. As a result, a total of 39 eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Data from these studies was extracted and summarized in an Excel sheet and analyzed using Graph Pad Prism software. Fifty-four percent described data for Asia while others for Africa (25.6%), Europe (17.9%), and South America (2.6 %). Varying mean concentrations of the detected fluoroquinolones were ranging from 0.1 - 1750 μg/kg in beef, 0.1 – 184 μg/kg in pork, 5.3 - 705.9 μg/L in milk, 0.1 - 4349.1 μg/kg in poultry, and 0.3 - 107.1 μg/kg in eggs. The prevalence of the detected fluoroquinolones calculated varied within the different food types. The fluoroquinolones detected with the highest prevalence in beef, pork, milk, poultry meat and eggs were ciprofloxacin (63.6%), enrofloxacin (38.9%), difloxacin (90.1%), enrofloxacin (100%), and enrofloxacin (9.1%), respectively. This review provided valuable insights into the global distribution of fluoroquinolones in food animals, highlighting the need for regulation of these antimicrobials. Research pertaining to the concentration of these veterinary drugs in animal-derived foods has to be intensified to get the estimates of residues in different food matrices.
Construction of ZnO/r-GO Composite Photocatalyst for Improved Photodegration Organic Pollutants
Authors: Ding Yun , Qin Wenzhen , Zhu Huihua , Dai Yuhua , Hong Xiaowei , Han Suqin , Xie Yu
Published: January 2025

In this work, the simple hydrothermal method was used to prepare a series of ZnO /r-GO (ZGO-x) catalysts. The obtained products were subjected by a series of characterization, which showed that The zinc oxide particles were encapsulated on r-GO and the crystal structure was not disrupted. In addition, due to the large specific surface area and the good electrical conductivity of r-GO, more photogenerated electrons are rapidly transferred to the r-GO surface to participate in the reaction, thus improving the photocatalytic performance. The degradation rate of sample ZGO-3 reached 100% for RhB after simulated sunlight irradiation for 150 min, whereas the pure ZnO degraded RhB by about 83% under the same environment. The ZGO-3 also showed the best photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange, with 100% degradation in 180 min, whereas pure ZnO degraded only 87.64% of methyl orange under solar irradiation.
Differential Profile of Serum Levels of TNF-Alpha, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, Adiponectin, and Vitamin D3 in Polish Male Patients with Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis and Alcoholic Cirrhosis
Authors: Tomasiuk Ryszard , Wiącek-Zubrzycka Magdalena
Published: January 2025

Background. Alcohol is one of the leading causes of liver hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Both medical conditions are defined by a combination of specific symptoms whose interaction allows for a diagnosis with reasonable precision. Aims. This study aimed to differentiate between acute alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis at the molecular level. Methods. This report analyzed changes in levels of vitamin D3, TNF-alpha, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, and adiponectin determined using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay and Luminex xMap technology. The study population consisted of 42 male patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis and 50 male patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Results. The result revealed a statistically significant difference in TNF-alpha, IL-8, and IL-12 between acute alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis. It also revealed distinct correlation patterns that differentiate acute alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis. A network of significant cross-correlations between the cytokines studied defines alcoholic cirrhosis. Conclusion. This report revealed that the studied medical conditions can be differentiated by specific levels of cytokines and by cross-correlation between cytokines.
Lysosome-Mitochondrial Crosstalk in Cellular Stress and Disease
Authors: Kiraly Szilvia , Stanley Jack , Eden Emily Rose
Published: January 2025

The perception of lysosomes and mitochondria as entirely separate and independent entities, whose sole functions are to degrade material and produce ATP respectively, has been challenged in recent years ,as more complex roles for both organelles as well as an unanticipated level of interdependence, are discovered. Coupled lysosome and mitochondrial function and dysfunction involves complex crosstalk between the two organelles, our understanding of which has been transformed by major advances in the field of membrane contact sites biology. We now know that membrane contact sites between lysosomes and mitochondria play central roles in inter-organelle communication. The importance of mitochondria-lysosome contacts (MLCs) in cellular homeostasis, evinced by the growing number of diseases that have been associated with their dysregulation, is starting to be appreciated. How MLCs are regulated and their coordination with other pathways of lysosome-mitochondria crosstalk is achieved is the subject of ongoing scrutiny and here we explore the current understanding of the complex crosstalk governing coupled function of the two organelles and the impact of coupled dysfunction in cellular stress and disease.
A Study on a Precision Geriatric Medical Knowledge Q&A Model Based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation
Authors: Lin Shaofu , Wang Baoxin , Huang Zhisheng , Li Chunlin
Published: January 2025

General-purpose large language models (LLMs) still struggle to effectively grasp specialized knowledge in the field of geriatric medicine, which limits their performance in complex question-answering (QA) scenarios. Although Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) strategies have been introduced to enhance their capabilities, the lack of domain adaptation in general-purpose LLMs still leads to hallucination issues, where models generate inaccurate or irrelevant answers. To address these challenges, we propose a novel domain-specific fine-tuning method for geriatric medicine within the RAG framework. This approach involves constructing a specialized medical dataset tailored for RAG tasks and applying full-parameter fine-tuning to a large language model. Experimental results show that, compared to general-purpose LLMs with RAG, our method improves answer accuracy by approximately 5 to 6 percentage points in GPT-4 evaluations on a geriatric medicine test set. In human evaluations, our model demonstrates superior professionalism, with answers more closely aligned with human standards. Additionally, the model’s performance on Longbench general capability assessments shows a slight decrease, further validating the specificity and effectiveness of our approach. These findings provide an innovative solution for intelligent QA in geriatric medicine, overcoming the limitations of existing RAG-based models and offering a more robust domain adaptation strategy.
A Non-Turing Computer Architecture for Artificial Intelligence with Rule Learning and Generalization Abilities Using Images or Texts
Authors: Ren Jineng
Published: January 2025

Since the beginning of modern computer history, Turing machine has been a dominant architecture for most computational devices, which consists of three essential components: an infinite tape for input, a read/write head, and finite control. In this structure, what the head can read (i.e. bits) is the same as what it has written/outputted. This is actually different from the ways in which humans think or do thought/tool experiments. More precisely, what humans imagine/write on the paper are images or texts, and they are not the abstract concepts that they represent in humans' brain. This difference is neglected by the Turing machine, but it actually plays an important role in abstraction, analogy, and generalization, which are crucial in artificial intelligence. Compared with this architecture, the proposed architecture uses two different types of heads and tapes, one for traditional abstract bit inputs/outputs and the other for specific visual ones (more like a screen or a workspace with a camera observing it). The mapping rules between the abstract bits and the specific images/texts can be realized by neural networks like Convolutional Neural Networks, YOLO, Large Language Models, etc., with high accuracy rate. As an example, this paper presents how the new computer architecture (what we call "Ren's machine" for simplicity here) autonomously learns a distributive property/rule of multiplication in the specific domain and further uses the rule to generate a general method (mixed in both the abstract domain and the specific domain) to compute the multiplication of any positive integers based on images/texts.
Transfer Learning and Neural Network-Based Approach on Structural MRI Data for Prediction and Classification of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Momeni Farideh , Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush , Mahmoudi Tahereh , Mehdizadeh Alireza
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that has no definitive treatment and its early diagnosis can help to prevent or slow down its progress. Neuroimaging in particular, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) and the progress of artificial intelligence (AI) have significant attention in AD detection. In this study, 398 participants were used from the ADNI and OASIS global database of sMRI including 98 individuals with AD, 102 with early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), 98 with late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI), and 100 normal controls (NC). The proposed model achieved high area under the curve (AUC) values and an accuracy of 99.7%, which is very remarkable for all four classes: NC vs. AD: AUC = [0.985], EMCI vs. NC: AUC = [0.961], LMCI vs. NC: AUC = [0.951], LMCI vs. AD: AUC = [0.989], and EMCI vs. LMCI: AUC = [1.000]. The results reveal that this model incorporates DenseNet169, transfer learning, and class decomposition to classify AD stages, particularly in differentiating EMCI from LMCI. Overall, this model performs well with high accuracy and area under the curve for AD diagnostics at early stages.