bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Variable Compression Ratio on Combustion Characteristics of Diesel Engine using Octanol as an Alternative Fuel
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Acropolis Institute of Technology & Research, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, Mishra Sakshi
Published: November 2020

Alternative fuels also called as advanced fuels or non-conventional fuels, are any constituents or materials which could be used as fuels, apart from conventional fuels. The need of the hour is to ploy on to unconventional energy resources since conventional sources of energy are fast depleting. Also, we need to look out for the fuels which are environment friendly as well. Alternative fuels are immediately needed to deal with the dual issues of fast depletion of fossil fuel reserves as well as environmental pollution. Some of these fuels can be used directly while others need to be transformed to bring the relative properties close to conventional fuels. The economics of the fuels like vegetable oils, ethanol and methanol etc. compared to the traditional petroleum resources are marginal. In this paper, we are discussing the preparation of blends of octanol with diesel in the proportion of 5,10,15,20 and 25% to identify its potential to be used as an alternative fuel. Then after comparing the properties of blends with diesel and estimate its combustion characteristics at different compression ratio and compare with the diesel. To end with, the effect of variable compression ratio on combustion characteristics of blend would be analysed. As an outcome of the exhaustive engine trials, it may be recommended that 20% (v/v) of diesel can be replaced with IPA for direct application in unmodified diesel engines with a marginal increase in emissions of CO and HC and substantial improvements in the emissions of CO2 and NOx.
RB481, RB482, RB483, RB484, RB485, RB486, RB498 and RB499 antibodies recognize the coatomer COPI complex by ELISA
Authors: Hammel Philippe
Published: November 2020

The recombinant antibodies RB481, RB482, RB483, RB484, RB485, RB486, RB498 and RB499 detect by ELISA a purified COPI complex from COS7 cells.
RB481, RB482, RB483, RB484, RB485, RB486, RB498 and RB499 antibodies recognize the COPI complex by immunofluorescence
Authors: Marchetti Anna , Pillonel Cheryl , Hammel Philippe
Published: November 2020

The recombinant antibodies RB481, RB482, RB483, RB484, RB485, RB486, RB498 and RB499 detect by immunofluorescence the COPI complex in paraformaldehyde-fixed cells COS7 cells.
The RA026 antibody recognizes a peptide of the D. discoideum NoxC protein by western blot
Authors: Zufferey Madeleine , Blanc Cedric
Published: November 2020

The recombinant antibody RA026 detects by western blot a peptide of the Dictyostelium discoideum NoxC protein fused to a GST protein; RA025 and RA027 do not.
RB198, RB199 and RB200 antibodies recognize a fragment of the hepatitis E virus ORF3 protein by ELISA
Authors: Gouttenoire Jérôme
Published: November 2020

The recombinant antibodies RB198, RB199 and RB200 detect by ELISA a fragment of the hepatitis E virus ORF3 protein fused to a GST protein.
RB110 and RB157 antibodies recognize by ELISA specific phosphorylation patterns on CCR5 C-terminal peptides
Authors: Paolini-Bertrand Marianne , Rossitto-Borlat Irène , Martins Elsa , Hartley Oliver
Published: November 2020

Recombinant antibodies RB110 and RB157 can be used in ELISA assays to specifically detect human CCR5 phosphorylated at serines 336/337 and at serine 349, respectively.
AR222, AR249, AS274, AS702 and AS708 antibodies recognize the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2 by ELISA
Authors: Hammel Philippe , Marchetti Anna , Zenhausern Frederic
Published: November 2020

The recombinant antibodies AI334, AQ806 and RB596 detect by immunofluorescence the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2.
AR222, AR249, AS274, AS702 and AS708 antibodies recognize the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2 by immunofluorescence
Authors: Marchetti Anna , Zenhausern Frederic
Published: November 2020

The recombinant antibodies AR222, AR249, AS274, AS702 and AS708 detect by immunofluorescence the spike S protein from SARS-CoV-2.
AG424 and AG427 antibodies recognize the human TrkB protein by western blot
Authors: Roussel-Gervais Audrey , Sgroi Stéphanie , Jaquet Vincent
Published: November 2020

The recombinant antibodies AG424 and AG427 detect the human TrkB protein in the human neural progenitor cell line ReNcell® VM and in human brain by western blot.
Determination of carotenoids in flowers and food supplements by HPLC-DAD
Authors: Pavelková Petra , Krmela Aleš , Schulzová Věra
Published: November 2020

Marigold flowers (Tagetes patula and Calendula officinalis) were chosen for analysis because they are the most often used source of lutein and its isomer zeaxanthin for the production of food supplements on the Czech market. Direct extraction and extraction with alkaline hydrolysis were compared to detect free or bound carotenoids. For carotenoid separation, C18 and C30 columns were used. A new method for determination of carotenoid content in food supplements in form of capsules has been developed and validated. All matrices were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). It has been found that alkaline hydrolysis is required for both Marigold flowers and food supplements to release lutein from ester bonds to fatty acids. In Calendula officinalis lutein in the concentration of 807—1472 mg·kg−1 of dry matter was detected. Tagetes patula has been identified as a better lutein source with the content of 5906—8677 mg·kg−1 of dry matter. It has been found that the content of lutein and zeaxanthin in commercial food supplements (Lutein Complex Premium and Occutein Brillant) is consistent with the declared quantity. Linearity of the HPLC-DAD method ranged from 0.1—20 μg·mL−1 with the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.7 mg·kg−1 for lutein in Marigold flowers and 200 mg·kg−1 in food supplements. Repeatability was 2.3 % for lutein in all tested matrices.
RhPDGF – Basic Characteristics and Potential Application in the Oral Surgery – An Overview
Authors: Mihaylova Z. , Ugrinov R. , Aleksiev E. , Stanimirov P.
Published: November 2020

Growth factors (GFs) are bioactive molecules participating in organ development, tissue regeneration and repair. They are protein molecules with a relatively low molecular weight and are released by activated platelets. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is one of the GFs of highest amount in human platelets. It is known to stimulate cell proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis, as well as angiogenesis in healthy tissues and neoplasms. However, most of the studies in the literature demonstrate the influence of PDGF on tissue regeneration without revealing its intimate mechanisms of action on different cell types. In the current review we emphasis on the effects of PDGF in order to stimulate various biological processes in wide number of pre-clinical and clinical studies.
Mapping Regional Economic Activity Using DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Data
Authors: Xiao Wenwen , Xiong Lei , Wang Lili
Published: November 2020

This paper extends the use of network theory to the study of region network modeling between China and five central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Kirghiz Tanzania, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan) using the DMSP/OLS nighttime light data. In this paper, first, regional scale index and region interaction index are designed and calculated. Then based on these indices, the 0–1 region incidence matrix is obtained and the region network is constructed. Furthermore, the regional economic activity is identified by using the region network. This study deepens the application of complex network in the field of regional cooperation.
Texture and rheological evaluation of aerated confectionery
Authors: Pădureţ Sergiu , Zimbru Raluca-Olimpia , Amariei Sonia
Published: November 2020

Confectionery industry represents a field that uses a large number of ingredients and techniques to develop unique sweet products. To produce aerated confectionery samples two different procedures were used to incorporate the ingredients in the beating vegetable or dairy cream. The objective of this research was to determine the texture parameters and the viscoelastic properties of aerated confections using compression stress-relaxation test and applying a modified Maxwell model. The highest fat content was presented by dairy cream aerated samples (20.04-20.25%), while the samples based on vegetable cream displayed a lower fat content. By applying the modified Maxwell mechanical model to the relaxation curves the equilibrium stress, σe, relaxation time, λrel, viscosity, η, and modulus of elasticity, G0, were determined. The aerated samples’ viscosity was greater than 137.96 kPa·s and less than 451.793 kPa·s; furthermore, Pearson correlation showed that density influences positively this rheological parameter (r = 0.955*). Fixing air into the product structure causes a decrease in density (0.388-0.788 g/cm3), leading to a lower equilibrium stress, a lower elasticity modulus and also a decrease of viscosity and relaxation time.
Spectrophotometric indicators of the stability of anthocyanin-containing extracts depending on the color of plant materials
Authors: Koldaev Vladimir Mikhailovich , Manyakhin Artem Yurevich , Zorikov Petr Semenovich
Published: November 2020

This paper aims at spectrophotometric determination of changes in stability of extractable anthocyanins during drying of plant materials depending on their color. Raw and dried colored parts of 50 plant species from 25 families were used for the study. The extracts were prepared over 95% ethanol acidified with hydrochloric acid (pH ~ 1). The absorption spectra were registered within the range of 210 to 680 nm. The extinction variability factor, coefficient of intensity absorption relative and generalized stability factor were used to determine the anthocyanin degradation. The highest values of the stability factor were obtained for the extracts from fruit shells of burgundy or violet color within the range of 0.934±0.024 to 0.973±0.024, while the extracts from flower petals of the same care featured the stability factor that was 1.19 to 1.44 times less. The values of the stability factor of the extracts from black, red and blue materials are 1.15 to 1.19 times, 1.74 to 2.48 times and 4.65 to 4.84 times less respectively than those of the extracts from violet-burgundy materials. It is appropriate to apply the spectrophotometric factors of anthocyanins stability used in this study to selection of promising plants for industrial cultivation as material of anthocyanin-containing herbal preparations. The most stable anthocyanins are those of burgundy-purple and black fruits.
Chemometric analysis of drinking water quality parameters of Sagar city, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Pathak Hemant
Published: November 2020

The present study uses numerous chemometric techniques to evaluate and interpret a water quality data obtained from the drinking water resources namely municipal water (supplied by Rajghat dam on Bewas River), bore well, ground water of Sagar city, a divisional headquarter of Madhya Pradesh, India. Data was collected from May 2018 to June 2019 for 10 parameters used to assess the status of the water quality. Water quality was monitored at 15 sampling stations along the entire district. The data were analyzed using chemometric analysis such as principal component analysis, correlation matrix, multivariate linear regression analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis that reduced the data dimensions for better interpretation. Results of statistical analysis expressed that slightly higher value of BOD in some areas due to sewage contamination, need of chlorination treatment required at those places. This study also presents the value of diverse statistical methods for assessment and analysis of drinking water quality data for the reason of monitoring the effectiveness of water resource management. The study indicated that the maximum quality parameters of drinking water is in permissible limits of WHO and IS: 10500 guidelines on entire study places.
Influence of Construction Firm Size on the Level of Adoption of Sustainability Practices in Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Otali Monday , Oladokun Michael G. , Anih Paul
Published: November 2020

The need to address the problems facing the natural environment and social economic development cannot be overemphasised. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of firm size on the level of implementation of sustainability practices in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Survey design approach was used in the study. Data were obtained through interviews and one thousand one hundred and seventy-nine copies of structured questionnaire administered to representatives of the firms by researchers and research assistants. The methods of data analysis were simple percentage and Spearman’s rank correlation. The result showed that small firms accounted for 84.7 %, medium-sized firms accounted for 11.61 % and large construction firms accounted for 3.73 %. Thus, a majority of firms are small and medium-sized construction companies in Niger Delta. The study revealed that the firm size influenced the level of implementation of firm sustainability practices in the study area. It was concluded that the size of firms had a significant influence on the level of adoption of sustainability practices among the construction firms operating in Niger Delta. It was also concluded that small and medium-sized construction firms recorded poor capacity building and human capital development. The study recommended that small and medium-sized construction firms operating in Niger Delta should improve their level of capacity building and human capital development.
Study Regarding the Cyber Threats to the National Security
Authors: Bobric George-Daniel
Published: November 2020

The virtual world became the ubiquitous background for daily interactions between individuals. The egregious interconnection of the last-generations devices is, in these latter days, an uncontestable reality. Despite the benefits provided by the interconnected world, there are unruly individuals, with a random savvy in the cyber domain, that furtively use it as their own asset. These actions are not performed wantonly, but having different substrates, from financial to political ones but, regardless the scope or the motive behind the illintentioned actions, cyber-attacks often lead to cascade effects to individuals, in particular, and organizations or even states, generally. Starting from this idea, in this paper is being assayed the way in which the cyber-attacks can be regarded as a major threat to the Romania’s national security.
Considerations Regarding Financial Risk Management in Order to Maximize Earnings During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Ilie Florin
Published: November 2020

This paper addresses a very topical issue, given by the world of financial investments and especially by the period of great uncertainty that we are going through. It is rightly said that it is the simplest and most enjoyable thing to be an investor when the market grow/hikes/rises. Differences between investors occur when feelings of fear and panic become widespread and flood the stock markets. Are we now in a period of sharp declines in the world’s financial markets or is it just a correction? Experimenting with new asset classes, identifying the huge opportunities that the market has to offer, the correct management of risks and possible earnings are some of the most important aspects in the context of getting the highest possible earnings. This paper focuses on risk management in order to maximize earnings during a large-scale crisis, such as the current global situation generated by coronavirus or how you can add value to the investor spirit in your portfolio.
Spectral sequences for commutative Lie algebras
Authors: Wagemann Friedrich
Published: November 2020

We construct some spectral sequences as tools for computing commutative cohomology of commutative Lie algebras in characteristic 2. In a first part, we focus on a Hochschild-Serre-type spectral sequence, while in a second part we obtain spectral sequences which compare Chevalley--Eilenberg-, commutative- and Leibniz cohomology. These methods are illustrated by a few computations.
Transaction design standards for the operationalisation of fairness and empowerment in proactive contracting
Authors: Solarte-Vasquez Maria Claudia , Hietanen-Kunwald Petra
Published: November 2020

Fairness and empowerment are aspirational concepts in law. The scientific and professional legal community has not convened on their substance and the ways they can be achieved. Therefore, there is an inherent risk that the values they entail become lip services that lack determination and reliability. This section addresses the problem revisiting and expanding the Taxonomy of Legal Usability and User Experience Factors, one of the first attempts to synthetize parametric standards for transaction design. The paper adds factors and criteria that operationalise procedural legitimacy principles for transacting that increase the proactive capacities of contracting activities to prevent and/or resolve disputes. It speaks of transactions as the smallest constitutive units of all exchange relations that allow upgrades, assuming that planning, negotiating and managing contracts, as well as other legally relevant products, services, interactions, processes and systems, will benefit from an integrated epistemological perspective and its institutionalization.
Types of cultural property and their protection under International Criminal Law
Authors: Ryška Ivan
Published: November 2020

In this article we analyze the forms of protection of distinct types of cultural heritage under International Criminal Law. Initially, we introduce the concept of categorization of cultural heritage into types, and review its historical development. The main focus is on the present day approach to the protection based on human rights, which builds heavily on the link between a certain type of cultural heritage and a community or individual. Later, we examine the possible ways to prosecute attacks against cultural heritage under International Criminal Law. Our analysis demonstrates, that the attacks against cultural heritage may, under various circumstances, fall under the category of war crimes, crimes against humanity, or genocide. We support our conclusions by jurisprudence arguments from case law treating the prosecution of destruction of cultural heritage under International Criminal Law.
A Misleading Case of Hepatic Echinococcosis
Authors: Manea Laura-Maria , Jichitu Alexandra , Pînzariu Vlad , Iuliana Nicoleta Mihaela Sprîncenatu Irina , Hanu  , Anton Mariana , Bordea Adrian , Sălcianu Iulia
Published: November 2020

Hydatid disease is a zoonotic disease endemic in Eastern Europe, being highly prevalent in Romania. There are some links between echinococcosis and cancer, but the true nature of the relationship between these diseases remains to be established. We present the case of a 49-year-old male with hepatic echinococcosis and concomitant hepatic metastases of a previously undiagnosed pancreatic cancer.
Successful Pregnancy in a Patient with Long-Standing Acromegaly – a Case Report
Authors: Gliga Maximilian Cosma , Pașcanu Maria Ionela , Gliga Camelia , Réti Zsuzsanna
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder of the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) metabolism that can affect women of fertile age. Although uncommon, pregnancies in acromegalic women can occur, with data regarding the management of these cases being very limited, mostly consisting of case reports.

Case Presentation: We present the case of an acromegalic woman, first diagnosed at the age of 22, after the surgical resection of a pituitary mass. Throughout the evolution, she received conventional radiotherapy and has been treated with somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs), dopamine agonists (DAs), and GH-blockers. At the age of 37, the patient decided to become pregnant while she was on Pegvisomant and DA therapy. The treatment was stopped, and the patient became pregnant at the age of 38. Tumor size and IGF-1 values have remained stable throughout the pregnancy, and no complications occurred. A healthy child with normal birth weight was delivered on term through Cesarean section.

Conclusions: Managing pregnant women with acromegaly is challenging because of the little available data regarding the safety of medical treatment and a high interindividual variability of GH-IGF-1 evolution during this period. The particularity of our case was a patient with a long history of acromegaly, who had an uneventful pregnancy despite stopping all medical treatment.
Land management impacts on soil properties and initial soil erosion processes in olives and vegetable crops
Authors: Bogunovic Igor , Telak Leon Josip , Pereira Paulo , Filipovic Vilim , Filipovic Lana , Percin Aleksandra , Durdevic Boris , Birkás Márta , Dekemati Igor , Comino Jesus Rodrigo
Published: November 2020

This research aims to assess the impacts of soil use management on runoff, soil losses, and their main soil controls in vegetable cropland (CROP), tilled olives (OT), and grass-covered olive orchards (OGC) on Leptosol in Croatia. Soil analysis and rainfall simulation experiments were conducted to quantify runoff (Run), soil, and nutrient losses. Bulk density (BD) was significantly higher at OT plots, in addition to the CROP plots. Water-stable aggregates (WSA), mean weight diameter (MWD), and soil organic matter (OM) were significantly higher in OGC plots compared to the other land uses. Run and soil loss (SL) were significantly higher in CROP and OT plots compared to the OGC plots. The CROP plots showed soil management that can be considered as unsustainable with 52, 68- and 146-times higher losses of phosphorus (P loss), nitrogen (N loss), and carbon (C loss) compared to the OGC plots. The principal component analysis showed that MWD was associated with vegetation cover (VC), water-holding capacity (WHC), WSA, OM, total nitrogen (TN), time to ponding (TP), and time to runoff (TR). These variables were negatively related to P2O5, Run, SL, and P, N, and C loss. Results indicate the need for the adoption of conservation strategies in croplands and olive orchards.
Topological degree methods for a Neumann problem governed by nonlinear elliptic equation
Authors: Abbassi Adil , Allalou Chakir , Kassidi Abderrazak
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we will use the topological degree, introduced by Berkovits, to prove existence of weak solutions to a Neumann boundary value problems for the following nonlinear elliptic equation

-
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)

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u
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λ
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(

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,

- div\,\,a\left( {x,u,\nabla u} \right) = b\left( x \right){\left| u \right|^{p - 2}}u + \lambda H\left( {x,u,\nabla u} \right),

where Ω is a bounded smooth domain of 𝕉
N
.
Adherence to dietary recommendations by children and adolescents during steroid therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Hadaś Marta , Stefanowicz-Bielska Anna
Published: November 2020

Aim. Assessment of adherence to dietary recommendations by children and adolescents during steroid therapy in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Material and methods. The study was conducted among parents of children with ALL, aged from 1 to 17 years, treated at the Department of Paediatrics, Hematology and Oncology of the University Clinical Centre in Gdańsk. The paper uses the method of a diagnostic survey, the questionnaire technique. The research tool was an anonymous self-constructed questionnaire.

Results. The study included 16 parents (44.4%) of female children and 20 parents (55.6%) of male children. Normal body weight was found in most of the children (22/36 children). Grade 1 hypertension was found in 15/36 children and grade 2 hypertension in 6/36. In 31/36 children, the blood glucose level was 70-180 mg%. The number of 22/36 examined children used a diet with a low glycemic index. As many as 29/36 parents of children and adolescents with ALL followed the diet recommended by a doctor.

Conclusions. 1) Most children with ALL have normal body weight during steroid therapy. 2) Children with ALL are subject to arterial hypertension during steroid therapy. 3) Most parents or legal guardians of children and adolescents with ALL adhered to dietary recommendations during steroid therapy.
Numerical Simulation of the Ducted Propeller and Application to a Semi-Submerged Vehicle
Authors: Zou Jin , Tan Guoge , Sun Hanbing , Xu Jie , Hou Yongkang
Published: November 2020

The self-propulsion test of underwater vehicles is the key technique for predicting and evaluating the navigation performance of these submersibles. In this study, the numerical simulation of a standard propeller JD7704+Ka4-70 is first presented and the results are compared with experiments to validate the numerical approaches. The reason why the propulsion efficiency of the ducted propeller is higher than that of the conventional propeller is explored. Then, the paper proposes a series of numerical simulations conducted to test the performance of the ducted propeller designed according to the JD7704+Ka4-70 in order to match with the unmanned semi-submerged vehicle (USSV), and the propeller’s open water characteristic curves are obtained. The results show a reasonable agreement with the regression analysis. Afterwards, the numerical simulations focus on a self-propulsion test of the USSV with the designed ducted propeller and the self-propulsion point is obtained. The streamlines through the hull as well as the ducted propellers are clearly obtained, together with the velocity distributions of the propeller plane. The results vividly demonstrate the hydrodynamic performance of the USSV with the designed propellers. In this paper, all the CFD simulations are based on the numerical software, Star-CCM+, and use the Reynolds-averaged Navier‒Stokes (RANS) equations with the shear stress transport (SST) k-omega turbulence model.
Simulation and Experimental Study of Hydraulic Cylinder in Oscillating Float-Type Wave Energy Converter
Authors: Lai Wenbin , Li Detang , Xie Yonghe
Published: November 2020

Hydraulic cylinders play a vital role in the energy output (PTO) system of an oscillating float-type wave energy converter, whose function is to convert the mechanical energy captured by the float from the waves into hydraulic energy. The performance of the hydraulic cylinder determines the conversion efficiency of mechanical energy to hydraulic energy in the system; therefore, it is necessary to study the working mechanism of the hydraulic cylinder. This paper takes a self-developed oscillating float-type wave energy converter as the research object, and studies the working mechanism of its hydraulic cylinder, and uses the linear analysis method to derive the critical self-excited vibration curve of the hydraulic cylinder. In addition, the effects of the external load, hydraulic cylinder load mass, stroke length, spring stiffness and piston area on the performance of the hydraulic cylinder were studied by AMESim simulation software. According to the simulation results, a physical model of the hydraulic cylinder is established. Finally, the physical model is tested in a hydrodynamic pool. The test results show that the hydraulic cylinder can stably and efficiently convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy even under small waves, thus verifying the rationality of the hydraulic cylinder design.
Design and Mechanical Analysis of a Composite T-Type Connection Structure for Marine Structures
Authors: Li Xiaowen , Zhu Zhaoyi , Li Yan , Hu Zhe
Published: November 2020

A new T-type connection structure consisting of composite sandwich plates, reinforced cores and adhesive was proposed for the construction of lightweight ships to resolve connection problems between bulkheads and decks of composite lightweight ship superstructures. Based on the design principles and mechanical properties of composite structures, the mechanical behaviour of the structure under a dangerous loading condition was investigated. In addition, the ultimate bearing capacities and damage modes were examined, the results of which demonstrated that the strength of the structure is weak, and that the adhesive and reinforced core between the face plate and the web plate is the primary weakness of the structure. A numerical simulation method was verified using the results of the mechanical tests, and five characteristic paths at the connection area were established. The stresses and displacements along the five paths were calculated using the numerical method. Then, variations in the geometric parameter and the strength and weight of the connection were summarised. The optimal angle of the adhesive bonding area is approximately 60°, which supports the optimal design and practical application of the lightweight ship adhesive-bonded connection structure.
Temporary local economies as an expression of social change. A synoptic overview
Authors: Lütke Petra
Published: November 2020

The term “temporary local economies” can be used to summarise all of the economic activities related to the development of a location and a region in a temporary arrangement. This characterises the exciting combination of economic activity and everyday life in an urban and regional context. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of temporary local economies in their academic perspectives and to give insights into urban regional development lines using an exemplary brief case study (Bikini Berlin).
Pilot Symbol Error Re - Orthogonalization in 2 × 2 MIMO Systems of Wireless Communication
Authors: Romanuke Vadim
Published: November 2020

A 2×2 MIMO wireless communication system with channel estimation is simulated, in which two transmit, and two receive antennas are employed. The orthogonal pilot signal approach is used for the channel estimation, where the Hadamard sequences are used for piloting. Data are modulated by coherent binary phase-shift keying, whereupon an orthogonal space-time block coding subsystem encodes information symbols by using the Alamouti code. Based on the simulation, it is ascertained a possibility to decrease the bit-error rate by substituting the Hadamard sequences for the sequences having irregular structures, and constituting the eight known orthogonal bases. Considering a de-orthogonalization caused by two any pilot sequence symbol errors, the bit-error rate is decreased by almost 2.9 %. If de-orthogonalizations are caused by two repeated indefinite, and definite pilot sequence symbol errors, the decrements are almost 16 % and 10 %, respectively. Whichever sequences are used for piloting, the 2×2 MIMO system is ascertained to be resistant to the de-orthogonalization if the frame is of 128 to 256 symbols piloted with 32 to 64 symbols, respectively.
Analogicity in Computer Science. Methodological Analysis
Authors: Stacewicz Paweł
Published: November 2020

Analogicity in computer science is understood in two, not mutually exclusive ways: 1) with regard to the continuity feature (of data or computations), 2) with regard to the analogousness feature (i.e. similarity between certain natural processes and computations). Continuous computations are the subject of three methodological questions considered in the paper: 1a) to what extent do their theoretical models go beyond the model of the universal Turing machine (defining digital computations), 1b) is their computational power greater than that of the universal Turing machine, 1c) under what conditions are continuous computations realizable in practice? The analogue-analogical computations lead to two other issues: 2a) in what sense and to what extent their accuracy depends on the adequacy of certain theories of empirical sciences, 2b) are there analogue-analogical computations in nature that are also continuous? The above issues are an important element of the philosophical discussion on the limitations of contemporary computer science.
The Intuitive Concept of Information: An Analysis
Authors: Król Zbigniew
Published: November 2020

This paper seeks to determine the intuitive meaning of the concept of information by indicating its essential (definitional) features and relations with other concepts, such as that of knowledge. The term “information” – as with many other concepts, such as “process”, “force”, “energy” and “matter” – has a certain established meaning in natural languages, which allows it to be used, in science as well as in everyday life, without our possessing any somewhat stricter definition of it. The basic aim here is thus to explicate what it amounts to in the context of its intuitive meaning as encountered in natural languages, what the subject of cognition implicitly presumes when using the term, and to which ontological situations it can be applied. I demonstrate that the essential features of the notion of information include the presence of a material medium, its transformation, the recording and reading of information encoded in the medium, and the grasp of what is recorded, coded and transmitted as an intentional object, where the latter is construed in terms broadly in line with the ontologies of Husserl and Ingarden. Along the way, a number of issues relating to the notion of information are also pointed out: the problem of informational identity, of the existence of virtual objects, and of the choice of an adequate information carrier, as well as formal-ontological problems, including those which concern relations between information carriers and intentional objects.
Fostering the Mediating Role of the Feeling of Belonging to an Organization Among Romanian Members of Generation Z
Authors: Botezat Elena , Fotea Silvia L. , Marici Marius , Fotea Ioan S.
Published: November 2020

The addition of Generation Z/Centennials to the workplace landscape will bring about new challenges for the management of any organization. To tackle the changing work environment and workforce, we conducted a survey-based empirical exploratory study among students in economics from two universities located in the western part of Romania. Our study proposes an alternative view of the motivational potential, including the feeling of belonging to an organization in work settings. The aim was to explore the potential for the feeling of belonging to play the role of mediator between four distinct career attitudes and the turnover intention in the specific case of Romanian Generation Z members. Additionally, we investigated which variables are significant predictors for the feeling of belonging to an organization. The results indicate that is efficient to invest in creating belongingness for those Generation Z members inclined towards making moves between jobs and organizations (OMPA), for those who present the mental capacity to be mobile (BMA) and for those who can be adaptive in terms of performance and learning demands (SDA). For those Romanian Generation Z members who use their internal values to provide guidance and measure for success, including the feeling of belonging to an organization in work settings seems to be inefficient.
Analiza zmian powierzchni nieprzepuszczalnych w badaniu suburbanizacji na przykładzie Poznania
Authors: Łachowski Wojciech
Published: November 2020

Abstrakt

Tereny nieprzepuszczalne to miejsca powstałe głównie w wyniku działalności człowieka, w które nie może infiltrować woda. Do materiałów nieprzepuszczalnych zalicza się m.in. asfalt czy beton, czyli podstawowy budulec miast. W zależności od udziału terenów nieprzepuszczalnych zdefiniować można klasy gęstości tkanki miejskiej. Przykładowo, wartość wskaźnika w przedziale 10–30% świadczy o niskiej gęstości i jest charakterystyczna dla zabudowy jednorodzinnej rozproszonej. Zastosowanie metody analizy zmian tego wskaźnika może być pomocne w określeniu zasięgu suburbanizacji. Aby ocenić przydatność wspomnianej metody, przenalizowałem zmiany w udziale powierzchni nieprzepuszczalnych dla strefy demograficznej suburbanizacji Poznania w latach 1992–2018. W tym celu wykorzystałem otwarte dane satelitarne Landsat. Pobrane zdjęcia poddałem klasyfikacji pikselowej pozwalającej na stworzenie mapy obszarów przepuszczalnych i nieprzepuszczalnych. W pierwszym kroku wyłączyłem z analizy obszary wodne, roślinność oraz większość gleb, używając metody progowania wskaźników spektralnych NDVI (pokazujących kondycję roślinności), NDWI (pozwalających na detekcję obiektów wodnych) oraz DBSI (pozwalających na odróżnienie gleb od powierzchni nieprzepuszczalnych). Pozostałe obszary poddałem klasyfikacji z wykorzystaniem algorytmu maszyny wektorów nośnych (SVM). Wyniki zostały zagregowane do siatki 25 ha heksagonów. Porównanie rezultatów dla dwóch okresów pozwoliło na wskazanie, w których miejscach poziom zainwestowania rósł najszybciej. W tych obszarach występowała suburbanizacja. Dla Poznania powierzchnie nieprzepuszczalne przyrastały najintensywniej na obszarze znajdującym się za jego zachodnią granicą. Przedstawiona metoda okazała się przydatna w określeniu zasięgu występowania procesów suburbanizacyjnych. Wskaźnik nieprzepuszczalności nie może być jednak stosowany jako samodzielny wskaźnik rozlewania się miast, gdyż pokazuje tylko jeden z wymiarów tego zjawiska.
Transport tramwajowy w Polsce – funkcjonowanie i organizacja
Authors: Górnikiewicz Wojciech
Published: November 2020

Abstrakt

Artykuł porusza zagadnienie organizacji i funkcjonowania przedsiębiorstw transportu tramwajowego znajdujących się na terenie Polski. Omówione zostały w nim podstawowe regulacje prawne, uwarunkowania organizacyjne przedsiębiorstw, a także zaprezentowane i przeanalizowane dane dotyczące taboru użytkowanego przez polskich operatorów publicznego transportu zbiorowego w zakresie tramwajów.
PROJEKTOVANJE MERNIH KONDICIONERA
Authors: Vučić Damjan
Published: November 2020

Merni kondicioneri su veoma važan deo mernih sistema jer kvalitet i tačnost merenja veoma zavise od kvaliteta realizacije tih ulaznih mernih elektronskih sklopova. Tema ovog rada je teoretska analiza tehnika relizacije mernih kondicionera, a zatim projektovanje operacionog pojačavača kao osnovnog gradivnog bloka mernih kondicionera. Kolo je projektvano i simulirano korišćenjem programskog paketa Cadance. Provereno je da projektovano kolo zadovoljava vrednosti propisane specifikacijom za ekstremne vrednosti parametara okoline kao i za velike varijacije prilikom procesiranja kola na silikonu.
ПОРЕЂЕЊЕ ANGULAR, REACT.JS И VUE.JS JAVASCRIPT ПРОГРАМСКИХ ОКВИРА НА ПРИМЕРУ УПРАВЉАЊА СТАЊИМА КЛИЈЕНТСКИХ АПЛИКАЦИЈА
Authors: Дегенек Арсеније
Published: November 2020

У овом раду дат је опис, као и поређење шаблона за ефикасно управљање стањима клијентских апликација у три тренутно најпопуларнија JavaScript програмска оквира. На основу детаљне анализе и примене библиотека специфичних за сваки програмски оквир, изведени су закључци о томе колико је сваки од њих погодан за коришћење. Сврха читаве анализе јесте доћи до одговора којом стратегијом и уз помоћ ког програмског оквира је најлакше структурирати клијентску апликацију, тако да она остане погодна за одржавање упркос својој комплексности. У циљу ефикасног поређења, употребом сваког програмског оквира креирана је по једна прототипска апликација. Све оне су базиране на истом скупу функционалности, осмишљених тако да дају реалну слику о предностима и манама примењеног шаблона.
Latinx Students’ Knowledge of and Inclination to Attend Public HBCUs
Authors: Mutakabbir Yoruba T.
Published: November 2020

This qualitative study explored Latinx students’ knowledge of and inclination to attend historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Current research on Latinx students at HBCUs primarily explores the experiences of current students. The study sought to understand what might interest Latinx students in HBCUs. The author conducted three focus group interviews of Latinx high school and community college students. Findings indicate that Latinx students are not as knowledgeable about HBCUs as they are about predominately White institutions in the same city. Academic programs and proximity to home can attract Latinx students to HBCUs. Admissions and diversity staff will benefit from the implications of this study.
Educating emergent bilinguals: Policies, programs, and practices for English learners. Garcia, Ofelia and Kleifgen, Jo Anne (Eds.). Teachers College Columbia University Press.
Authors: Ortega Erika
Published: November 2020

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Artificial Bee Colony Optimization Based Despeckling Framework for Ultrasound Images
Authors:   Department of E&C Engineering, PSIT, Kanpur-209305, Uttar Pradesh, India, Gupta Pradeep K. , Lal Shyam , Husain Farooq
Published: November 2020

This paper proposed an artificial bee colony optimization (ABC) algorithm based despeckling framework to overcome the effect of speckle noise present in real ultrasound images. A low pass filter and fast non-local mean filter along with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization algorithm are used for the quality enhancement of ultrasound images. The output results obtained for the real ultrasound images filtered with the proposed approach and the other most studied approaches discussed in the literature. The outperformance of the proposed method is verified by calculation of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and structure similarity index (SSIM) quality measures. The proposed filtering approach is tested on eight real clinical ultrasound images of adrenal gland, appendicitis, bladder, pancreas, parathyroid gland, scrotal gland, thoracic wall, and uterus. The experimental results yield that the quantitative and qualitative results of the proposed framework are better than benchmark despeckling methods compared to real ultrasound images. Further, the proposed framework also preserves the fine details in real ultrasound images.
A Novel Transportation Method Based on Dynamic Control of Ripening Environment
Authors:   Department of Vehicle Engineering, Yantai Automobile Engineering Professional College, Yantai 265599, China, Liu Xinyu , Jin Xiaojie
Published: November 2020

The dynamic control of atmosphere is an important factor for guaranteeing the quality of climacteric products during transportation. As atmosphere changes, respiration climacteric products would rot because of overripeness, thus leading to loss. Moreover, climacteric products must be ripened artificially when delivered to the destination, thereby causing economic waste. In this study, a new transportation method based on dynamic control of ripening environment was designed.The ripeness control method based on the dynamic control of ripening atmosphere was presented to accomplish quality safety during transportation as well as avoid a subsequent extra process of ripening. The transportation method was employed to stem from the ethylene’s ripening effect on climacteric fruits and vegetables. The ethylene generator and air circulation unit, which dynamically regulate and control the dual regional atmosphere of carriages during transportation, were quantitatively controlled by the central treatment layer. Ripeness level could be regulated by controlling the temperatures and time of exogenous ethylene release, to control the quality of products and ripen them. The proposed method was proven feasible through experiments. Results demonstrate that a volume fraction of 0.01% exogenous ethylene allows bananas’ respiratory intensity to reach the peak early; meanwhile, moderate low temperature (16 °C) can enable ethylene peak to appear in advance. Therefore, bananas’ ripeness can be controlled by changing temperatures and the ripening environment when transporting. This study can provide references for the control of products’ ripeness during transportation.
Mathematical Model of Self-Discharge for Supercapacitors
Authors:   Cavite State University, Cavite, Philippines, Fenol Sheryl Dinglasan , Caluyo Felicito S.
Published: November 2020

Self-discharge is one of the most important considerations in manufacturing supercapacitors. This paper discussed two dynamic mathematical models of self-discharge behavior of supercapacitor from the concept of regular capacitor mechanisms and impedance of an R-C circuit, and constant phase elements (CPE), impedance of R-CPE, and fractional- order derivatives. The mathematical model was derived from each other to show their equality and relationships.
Output Delay Sliding Mode Tracking Control of SRM based on Multi-innovation Model Identification
Authors:   Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang Henan 473004, China, Yang Lei , Tang Chuansheng , Yang Jie , Li Yongxin , Li Tao
Published: November 2020

The drive system of switched reluctance motor (SRM) is a complex nonlinear system that is composed of many links. The delay in the measurement of the speed and position signal of SRM is caused by the factors that affect the measuring sensor. To effectively improve the influence of the SRM rotor position and speed signal delay on the system performance, a sliding mode position tracking method based on output delay observation was proposed in this study. First, the model was discretized according to the structure and characteristics of SRM and the mathematical parameters of the system were identified using a multi-innovation stochastic gradient (MISG) algorithm. Second, a delay state observer was constructed on the basis of an SRM system model with output delay. Then, the sliding mode tracking control method based on the delay state observation compensation was proposed and combined with sliding mode control theory. Lastly, the effectiveness of the designed model parameter identification, delay state observation, and output delay control methods were compared through numerical simulation. Results show that when uncertain factors, such as noise, are present in the system, the MISG identification method can rapidly and accurately identify the parameters of the SRM model compared with the stochastic gradient identification method; the identification accuracy of the former is four times higher than that of the latter. Similarly, the sliding mode position tracking control method based on output delay observer can rapidly and accurately track the position and speed within 0.5 s. However, its position (0.2 rad) and velocity (0.233 rad/s) tracking exhibit large steady-state errors when no delay observation compensation is present. The proposed method not only demonstrates high position tracking accuracy, but also possesses strong robustness to output delay.
Analysis and Design of Test Bench for a Hexapod Robot
Authors:   Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Piloto University Bogotá, Colombia., Sanchez N. , Torres H. D. , Contreras B. F. , Coy N. S. , Jinete M. A. , Hernandez R. D.
Published: November 2020

This article presents the design of a test bench focused on the control of the legs of a hexapod robot, which allows studying the characteristics of the robot and obtaining some primary behaviors, whether mechanical, electrical or programming. In this way, a test bench structure is proposed to validate the control, performance and identification systems according to the efforts exerted by each of the components of the hexapod and also obtain a detailed view of their performance in structured environments and unstructured in order to correct its possible limitations so that in its implementation it can have coherence in response to the tasks that are posed. The results show the development of the test bench in which different types of legs were implemented which were considered the study of the mathematical model of direct kinematics and the selection of materials. For this reason, it is obtained that the best leg was the carbon fiber, since it has a very high safety coefficient, and it is very difficult for a fracture to occur when implementing it in the prototype, it is also chosen for its weight in comparison to other materials, since its characteristics have a lower structure density and high elasticity, it supports more axial loads than the other legs, even when subjected to intensive work. Finally, it is validated that the robot's performance in locomotion actions, basing this validation on the interpretation of the parameters captured by an optical sensor arranged for this task that generates the monitoring of movements in a controlled environment free of obstacles.