bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relações familiares, cognições disfuncionais e problemas emocionais e comportamentais dos filhos
Authors: Dutra Cipriano Lara Ana Cláudia , Verdolin Guilherme Froeseler Mariana , Moreira Ohno Priscilla , Leôni Martins Teodoro Maycoln
Published: August 2022

As relações familiares são de extrema importância no desenvolvimento humano, podendo atuar como fatores de proteção ou de risco para o surgimento de cognições disfuncionais e de problemas emocionais e comportamentais (PEC). O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar as relações entre a percepção de conflito e de afetividade familiares, as cognições disfuncionais e os PEC de 371 adolescentes de 11 a 16 anos, além do papel mediador das cognições na relação entre a percepção de família e os PEC. Os dados foram coletados nas escolas dos participantes, por meio de instrumentos de autorrelato. Foram conduzidas análises de correlação, de comparação entre grupos e de regressão. A percepção de conflito familiar apresentou efeito indireto e significativo sobre a maioria dos PEC, tendo as cognições disfuncionais papel de mediação parcial. A afetividade familiar apresentou efeito menos significativo e totalmente mediado pelas cognições.
‘‘The future is now’’ — a European perspective on the future of science communication
Authors: Ochu Erinma , russo Pedro , Smeets Ionica
Published: August 2022

The Future of SciComm 2.0 conference was a one-day event in Brussels on April 26th 2022. Focusing on the future of European science communication, sixty participants from twelve countries with different expertise discussed the current challenges and possible solutions for the field. Key themes centred around disinformation, communicating global challenges, evidence-based practices and institutional structures woven through the plenary opening, afternoon workshops and the closing public panel discussion. The conclusion is a need for an European science communication ecosystem that is transdisciplinary, connected and cooperative in practice, weaving between policy, research and industry. Finally, citizen science and open science could be included as scholarly praxes to facilitate societal interconnectivity.
L PRIMER VIAJE DE CIRCUNNAVEGACIÓN GLOBAL MAGALLANES-ELCANO: COMEN TARIOS A LOS INICIÁTICOS ENCUENTROS CON LA BIODIVERSIDAD SUDAMERICANA
Authors: Castro Sergio A. , Jaksic Fabian A.
Published: August 2022

A 500 años del paso de la Expedición Magallanes-Elcano por las costas sudamericanas, analizamos los registros vernaculares de especies biológicas consignados en la Relación del viaje, escrita por Antonio Pigafetta, en complemento con el Derrotero de Francisco Albo. Encontramos 40 vernáculos correspondientes a 42 especies nominadas científicamente (13 plantas, 12 aves, 6 peces, 9 mamíferos y 2 moluscos). Estos registros, en su mayor parte, proceden de las bahías de Santa Lucía (Brasil) y San Julián (Argentina), seguidos del Estrecho de Magallanes (Chile), río de Santa Cruz y cabo de Santa María (Argentina). De las 42 especies reconocidas, 26 (62%) se encuentran actualmente en alguna categoría de conservación, generalmente preocupante, de acuerdo con la IUCN.
LA EXPEDICIÓN SUECA A LA TIERRA DEL FUEGO 1895-1897. INFORME DE OTTO NORDENSKJÖLD PUBLICADO EN LOS ANNALES DE GÉOGRAPHIE (T.6, N°28, 1897, PP. 347-356)
Authors: Gallegos T. Eduardo , Otazo H. Jaime
Published: August 2022

El texto que aquí presentamos, hasta ahora sin traducción al español, es parte de un conjunto de escritos referidos a los numerosos esfuerzos de la expedición sueca, dirigida por Nils Otto Gustaf Nordenskjöld (o simplemente Otto Nordenskjöld), para dar cuenta de la Tierra del Fuego.
Women and Education: Analysis of RA Kartini's Leadership in Burt Nanus' Theory
Authors: Salsabila Shabrina
Published: August 2022

In the current era, leadership is no longer held by men only, but women also have the same rights and ability to lead. This has been proven by one of the nation's idol figures, especially for women in Indonesia itself, namely RA Kartini. RA Kartini as a leader as well as a role model for women at that time proved to the world that women were able to realize the ideals of the nation through education. She really understands the characteristics of women that can support leadership effectiveness. In this article, there are five discussions about the leadership process, leadership type, characteristics, and vision of leadership applied by RA Kartini to fight for the education rights of Indonesian women, especially in Java as seen in the leadership theory put forward by Burt Nanus. This research is a type of library research with a qualitative approach. This research data collection technique uses documentation techniques that have the aim of explaining and providing related information. The results of the study revealed that RA Kartini implemented visionary leadership in achieving her goal of fighting for the right to education for women. It is known through the analysis of Burt Nanus' leadership theory that a leader like RA Kartini is able to motivate and inspire her people to stick to the vision that is applied and has clear communication about how to achieve the desired goals.
The Religious Behavior of Rural Communities is the Challenge in Handling the Covid-19 Pandemic in Semarang Regency
Authors: Subqi Imam , Maftuh Hasan , Alwi M. Mustoliq
Published: August 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted all sectors of life, such as changing religious behavior, the number of layoffs, online learning, restrictions on transportation modes. The purpose of this study was to determine the policies for handling the covid-19 outbreak in Semarang Regency and the maturity of community diversity in dealing with policies for handling the COVID-19 pandemic with a qualitative research approach. The results of this study indicate that (1) the policy for handling the covid-19 outbreak in Semarang Regency follows the central government policy, namely large-scale social restrictions,(2) the maturity of the community's religion in dealing with policies for handling the COVID-19 pandemic, including (a) good differentiation, religious behavior in responding to health protocol regulations by wearing masks, washing hands, or using hand sanitizers, keeping a distance in worship away from crowds. (b) dynamic religious life motivation, continuing to pray and implementing health protocols can reduce and even reduce Covid-19 sufferers, (c) consistent and productive implementation of religious teachings, continue to worship with health protocols such as tahlilan, yasinan, ma'tsurat, prayers congregations, holiday gatherings, birthdays of the apostles and other activities. (d) a comprehensive view of life, the community has a moderate perspective with mutual respect and appreciation. (e) an integral view of life, by reminding each other and quickly finding solutions when there are problems, (f) the spirit of seeking and serving God, the community is increasingly aware of the importance of maintaining health, cleanliness, and praying for the common good.
Esoteric Symbolism of The Letter Alif in Sosrokartono's Calligraphy and Al-Jilli's Insan Kamil Concept
Authors: Irawan Aguk
Published: August 2022

The study examines the symbolic meaning of the letter Alif and the esoterism teaching in it, as reflected in Sosrokartonoâ€™s calligraphy and Insan al-Kamilâ€™s concept of Al-Jilli.Â Â The purpose of this study is to present the philosophical similarities and differences between the Middle Eastern Sufis and the Indonesian Sufis, which are found in different mediums. The study used library research and hermeneutical approach. The data were analysed using text interpretation from Jorge Garcia and esoteric symbolism from Ferdinand de Saussure. The findings of this study include: first, the letter Alif in the calligraphy holds the meaning of philosophical sufism that aligns with the concept of Insan Al-Kamil by Abdul Karim Al-Jilli. Second, the letter Alif for both Sosrokartono and Al-Jilli holds three dimensional meanings; oneness, strength, and wisdom.Â This research enriches the repertoire of philosophical Sufism by presenting the meaning of material objects in the form of calligraphy art.Â
Arranged Marriages among Young Educated Muslim Women in South Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Alfian Andi
Published: August 2022

Previous studies claimed that arranged marriages occur in underdeveloped societies, among the uneducated and low social classes. However, in Indonesia, especially South Sulawesi, arranged marriages also occur among young educated Muslim women. This study aims to answer why young educated Muslim women accept arranged marriages by their parents or families instead of marrying their boyfriends. This study also elaborated further on the issue of their feelings and experiences, such as feelings after marriage, dating experiences, and the reasons their parents matched them. This study used a postcolonial approach to analyze why young educated Muslim women accept arranged marriages. By conducting in-depth interviews with five young educated Muslim women who have married through the arranged process, this study found several reasons why young educated Muslim women accept arranged marriages, including the family system, religious teachings, economic considerations, and personal reasons that they consciously choose
Repeated Interpretation: a Comparative study of Tafsir Al-Misbah and Kajian Tafsir Al-Misbah on Metro TV
Authors: MZ Ahmad Murtaza , Hidayat M. Riyan , Muhammad Alwi HS  , Idris Ahmad Rifai
Published: August 2022

Throughout history, the activity of interpreting the Qur’an can be carried out either orally or through writing alone or alltogether, resulting a what so called a repeated interpretation. This article seeks to shed a light on the last mentioned type of commentary that belongs to M. Quraish Shihab, a leading mufassir whose Tafsir Al-Misbah was a reiterpreted on his oral interpretation in the program “Kajian Tafsir Al-Mishbah” on Metro TV. As samples, his commentary on QS. Al-Qalam: 1-7 is chosen. Using a critical content and comparative analysis, this study concluded that the transformation of Shihab’s commentary from written to oral form did happen through several innovations and adjustments, in terms of content and display. Thus, Shihab’s role as a skillfull preacher is still obvious in his writings although the addressed audience then becomes vague. Several factors determine the occurrence of innovation and adjustment of M. Quraish Shihab’s interpretation, namely the role of Quraish Shihab in his written interpretation as originally an exegete turned into a preacher in his oral interpretation. In addition, the context of Tafsir Al-Misbah which is intended for the wider community is different from his oral interpretation with thepresence of audiences in a more specific background.
Model Pembiayaan Sektor Pertanian Melalui Linkage Program Lembaga Keuangan Syariah
Authors: Hayati Safaah Restuning
Published: August 2022

This research aims to find strategies and models for financing the agricultural sector. This research is a type of qualitative research using SPACE (Strategic Position and Action Evaluation) matrix analysis. The results of the SPACE Matrix analysis concluded that Islamic financial institutions must carry out an aggressive strategy in providing financing for the agricultural sector. Aggressive profile describes a company that is financially strong and has a competitive advantage in a growing and stable industry. The solution offered is Islamic banking must increase financing in the agricultural sector, through the channeling model (linkage program) with Islamic microfinance institutions, for example BMT. The alignment of Islamic banks to the agricultural sector (real sector) can be realized by providing agricultural insurance against various risks faced by farmers.
Bulan Sabit di Negeri Komunis Tirai Bambu: Sebuah Perjuangan Identitas Umat Minoritas
Authors: Mashar Aly
Published: August 2022

Chinese Moslems are mostly ethnic Hui and Uyghur. Ethnic Hui Moslems live in cities in China such as Beijing, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Tianjin and Shanghai, while ethnic Uyghurs tend to stay concentrated in an area, especially in Xinjiang. The sect which is followed by Chinese Moslems are Sunny and Syiah Imamiyah, based on Hanafiyah and Syafi'ah jurisprudence, and following a number of tarekat, such as Qadiriyyah, Kubrawiyyah, Jahriyyah, and Khuffiyyah. Muslims tend to be more peaceful than ethnic Uyghurs, not even to the point of causing war. Even so, there are often feuds with Han ethnicity, Chinese Muslim civilization can be said to be quite advanced, especially related to education, transliteration and translation of the Qur'an into Chinese, calligraphy art; architecture, ornamentation, mosque construction; economy and commerce; and several scientific branches.Â
Anaâ€™u Sengkatau Praktik Toleransi Beragama di Perbatasan Indonesia-Filipina
Authors: Macpal Sunandar , Abdullah Irwan
Published: August 2022

This research aims to elaborate on the concept of anaâ€™u senkatau, which is understood and implied by Kawaluso society to prevent tolerance among religious society. The research employs ethnography method as apart of the qualitative approach. To collect the data, this research observes the phenomenon within in-depth interview. The result shows anaâ€™u senkatau concept, in fact, it has existed in Sangihe before the religions come in. The existence of religion allows anaâ€™u senkatau concept, and the religious institutions, altogether with the society, maintains the concept. The anaâ€™u senkatau concept has been similar to a family clan that becomes center for social services such as marriage control, distribution inherits land, and workmanship farm. In other words, anaâ€™u senkatau concept becomes a solution for reducing intolerance among religions.
Rokok dalam Aspek Sosial-Agama Masyarakat Indonesia
Authors: Pradhana Remo Adhy
Published: August 2022

Cigarette has been popular among Indonesian since 8th AD. Along with the times, people are starting to realize the dangers of smoking. Interestingly in Indonesia, one of the companies with the highest valuation on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, PT HM Sampoerna, which is a market leader in the Indonesian cigarette industry with a market share of 35%. This shows that the cigarette industry is still one of the excellent industries in Indonesia. This paper will examine how the impact of external factors represented by economic, demographic, socio-cultural, religious, and governance aspects influences the cigarette industry. This study will provide an overview of external factors that provide opportunities and threats to an industry, especially the cigarette industry. The conclusions of this study will provide a form of attitude towards the influence of external conditions for the cigarette industry so that cigarette manufacturers can formulate strategic steps to maximize the opportunities created by related external aspects.
The Role of Friends Againts Juvenile Delinquency Based on Social Learning Perspective
Authors: Khotimah Kusnul , Setyawan Katon Galih
Published: August 2022

The city of Blitar, also known as Patria City, was legally established on April 1stÂ , 1906. In its development, the momentum was then declared as Blitar City anniversary. In this city place lies Bung Karno, the Proclaimer, first President of Indonesia, the great ideologist and thinker of the world who is admired by boot Indonesian society and the world community. The city of Blitar is also one of the historic places for the Indonesian Nation, where prior to the proclamation of this place has been called for the independence of Indonesia followed by raising the red and white which then led to PETA rebellion by Sudanco Soeprijadi. Nevertheles, the number of juvenile delinquency jumped high in SMPN 5 Blitar ias a complex school adjacent to school SMPN 3, 5 and 6 often do deviant acts on a daily basis. The acts of deviation referred to here is an act that violates the rules or regulations in school such as smooking, ditching during class hours, and fighting on a daily basis. The method used in this research by using qualitative research approach. The results showed that Bandura, friends who stated that friend have a very big impact on oneâ€™s behaviour because one can learn everything comes from the observation of others (observational learning).
Al-Qurâ€™an dan Nalar Ideologis: Integrasi Dakwah Aliran dalam Tafsir al-Furqan karya A. Hassan
Authors: Ghozali Mahbub , Mursyid Achmad Yafik
Published: August 2022

Using ideology in interpretation has become a major problem since the codification of interpretation. This kind of interpretation model emphasizes the meaning leads to a certain ideology to expand the range of understanding through publications. This was done by Hassan in his work, Tafsir al-Furqan, who made it as a medium of da'wah to spread Persis's belief about Islam. This study aims to find the ideological narrative in Hassan's interpretation. This study uses a qualitative method with content analysis as a data analysis tool to achieve this goal. This study finds that Hassan's efforts to provide a normative understanding of Islam with purification efforts start from positioning the Qur'an as the main guide that eliminates all existence of previous traditions. With this argument, all forms of tradition preservation and knowledge development cannot be the basis for forming a new religious practice that is not found in the Qur'an. Muslims must fully adhere to the Qur'an as the basis of Persis ideology.
Respiratory virome profiles reflect antiviral immune responses
Authors: Rubió Judit Rovira , Megremis Spyridon , Passioti Maria , Lakoumentas John , Constantinides Bede , XEPAPADAKI PARASKEVI , Bachert Claus , Finotto Susetta , Jartti Tuomas , Andreakos Evangelos , Stanic Barbara , Akdis Cezmi , Akdis Mubeccel , Papadopoulos Nikolaos
Published: August 2022

Background: From early life, respiratory viruses are implicated in the
development, exacerbation and persistence of respiratory conditions such
as asthma. Complex dynamics between microbial communities and host
immune responses, shape immune maturation and homeostasis, influencing
health outcomes. We evaluated the hypothesis that the respiratory virome
is linked to systemic immune responses, using peripheral blood and
nasopharyngeal swab samples from preschool-age children in the PreDicta
cohort. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 51 children (32
asthmatics, 19 healthy controls), participating in the 2-year
multinational PreDicta cohort were cultured with bacterial
(Bacterial-DNA, LPS) or viral (R848, Poly:IC, RV) stimuli. Supernatants
were analyzed by Luminex for the presence of 22 relevant cytokines.
Virome composition was obtained using untargeted high troughput
sequencing of nasopharyngeal samples. The metagenomic data were used for
the characterization of virome profiles and the presence of key viral
families (Picornaviridae, Anelloviridae, Siphoviridae). These were
correlated to cytokine secretion patterns, identified through
hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis. Results: High
spontaneous cytokine release was associated with increased presence of
Prokaryotic virome profiles and reduced presence of Eukaryotic and
Anellovirus profiles. Antibacterial responses did not correlate with
specific viral families or virome profile, however, low antiviral
responders had more Prokaryotic and less Eukaryotic virome profiles.
Anelloviruses and Anellovirus-dominated profiles were equally
distributed amongst immune response clusters. The presence of
Picornaviridae and Siphoviridae was associated with low interferon-λ
responses. Asthma or allergy did not modify these correlations.
Conclusions: Antiviral cytokines responses at a systemic level reflect
the upper airway virome composition. Individuals with low innate
interferon responses have higher abundance of Picornaviruses (mostly
Rhinoviruses) and bacteriophages. Bacteriophages, particularly
Siphoviridae appear to be sensitive sensors of host antimicrobial
capacity, while Anelloviruses are not affected by TLR-induced immune
responses.
Neurological Manifestations of Chronic Methadone Maintenance Therapy: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Gasimova Ulviyya , Afzal Khurram , Acharya Ani
Published: August 2022

Methadone is a long-acting opioid medication used for maintenance
therapy in heroin addiction. Presenting a case of a patient on methadone
therapy who developed neurological complications as mental status
changes and choreiform movements. Workup revealed lesions involving the
subcortical white matter and basal ganglia. and movements improved with
treatment.
Lumbar Puncture as a Cause of Tension Pneumocephalus, Pneumorrachis, and Sacral Meningocele infection Leading to Death: An Extremely Rare Case Report.
Authors: AASSOUANI FARID , Ennacery Zaid , Bensalah Abdellatif , Charifi Yahya , Diallo Mamadou , bouardi Nizar El , Haloua Meryem , Lamrani Moulay youssef Alaoui , Ousadden Abdoulmalek , Boubbou Meriem , Maaroufi Mustapha , Alami Badreeddine
Published: August 2022

Although it was first described over 100 years ago,lumbar puncture is
still an important diagnostic tool for a variety of infectious and
noninfectious neurologic conditions.With the widespread use of this
common and relatively safe performed medical procedure, minor and major
complications can occur even when standard infection control measure
Translation into Spanish and validation of the Tinnitus Functional Index.
Authors: Soriano-Reixach Maria Montserrat , Martinez Jorge Rey , Sampedro Juan Jose Navarro , Goiburu Miren Sonsoles , Altuna Xabier
Published: August 2022

Objective: The objectives of this study were to translate into Spanish,
cross-culturally adapt and validate the TFI. Materials and Methods: The
TFI questionnaire translated into Spanish (Sp-TFI) and cross-culturally
adapted following the published guidelines on cross-cultural adaptation
of health questionnaires was evaluated using two indicators. Its
internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s α considering the
Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) as the gold standard. Further, its
test-retest reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation
coefficients (ICCs). ICCs were also calculated for the THI and visual
analogue scales (VAS) for tinnitus tested and retested in all
participants. Results: The mean age of the 18 participants was 45.77
(SD: 11.87) years; 12 were female (66.67 %) and 6 were male (33.33%).
Half of the participants experienced tinnitus in their left ear and half
in their right. The mean pure-tone average (PTA) in the affected ear was
29.34 (SD: 8.08) dB-HL. Regarding internal consistency and reliability
of the Sp-TFI respectively, Cronbach’s α was 0.83 and the ICC type (2,1)
was 1 (CI: 0.99–1). Among the variables studied, we found the following
independent predictors had statistically significant effects on THI
score: sex (p < 0.01), PTA (p = 0.03), overall Sp-TFI score (p
= 0.02) and Sp-TFI SL, R and A subscale scores (p = 0.03, p = 0.03, and
p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: Based on the internal
consistency and reliability results obtained in this study, the
cross-culturally adapted Spanish version of the TFI (Sp-TFI) has been
validated for use in Spain.
Impact of long-term nasal airflow deprivation on sinonasal structures and chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Park Marn Joon , Bae Mi Rye , Kim Ji Heui , Chung Yoo-Sam , Jang Yong Ju , Yu Myeong Sang
Published: August 2022

Abstract Objectives: Total laryngectomy (TL) patients are good models in
which to evaluate the effects of nasal airflow cessation on the
sinonasal tract. Here, we evaluated changes in sinonasal structures and
association with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), in the computed
tomography (CT) images three-year post-TL. Design: Retrospective medical
chart review. Setting: Tertiary referral medical center, teaching
hospital setting. Participants: Data from patients that underwent TL
from 2005–2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with a final
follow-up CT taken less than 3 years after TL, tracheo-esophageal
puncture, inadequate CT image, or history of sinonasal surgery were
excluded. The control group included partial laryngectomy or
hypopharyngectomy patients. Altogether, 45 TL patients and 38 controls
were selected. Main outcome measurements: The volume of all four
paranasal sinuses, inferior turbinate mucosal volume (ITMV), maxillary
sinus natural ostium (MSNO) mucosal width, and Lund-Mackay scores (LMS)
were measured on preoperative and postoperative CT scans. Results: The
mean duration between surgery and the final CT scan was 6.3±2.4 and
5.5±2.3 years for the TL and control groups, respectively. Neither group
showed significant changes in four paranasal sinuses volume or MSNO
mucosa width. The ITMV decreased significantly, from 4.6±1.3ml to
2.8±1.1ml (p<0.001), in the TL group, whereas the control
group showed no significant changes. Postoperative LMS changes in both
groups were insignificant. The number of patients with LMS aggravation
or alleviation was the same in both groups, regardless of preoperative
CRS. Conclusions: Paranasal sinus structures and CRS are not affected
significantly by nasal airflow cessation; however, the inferior
turbinate mucosa is affected by long-term discontinuation of nasal
airflow.
Recombinant Fructosyl Peptide Oxidase from Eupenicellium terrenumand: Periplasmic Secretion Could Improve the Solubility and activity of Enzyme?
Authors: Asgari Soudabeh , Rahmatabadi Seyed Sohail , Soleymani Bijan , Mostafaie Ali
Published: August 2022

HbA1c enzymatic method has been considered as a popular method for
determination of blood glucose. In this study, the methods for
decreasing the formation of Fructosyl Peptide Oxidase (FPOX) inclusion
bodies in E. coli and secretion of the enzyme into periplasmic space
using PelB signal peptide were investigated. Recombinant FPOX was mainly
expressed as inclusion bodies. The inclusion bodies of FPOX were only
soluble in urea 8 M, while was not soluble in any of used concentrations
of DMSO solvent. By freeze-thawing method, the inclusion bodies was
soluble in urea 8 M, but was not soluble in urea 0.5 M. By using the
stabilizers on solubility of rFPOX we found that the effect of sorbitol
was higher than arginine. The rFPOX was successfully secreted in the
periplasmic space using PelB signal peptide that shown the amount of
periplasmic protein in shuffle was higher than of BL21. For rFPOX
activity, TMB was used as coloring agent for the first time in HbA1c
enzymatic method as peroxidase substrate. In conclusion, FPOX inclusion
bodies are heterogenous in size and can be decreased using signal
peptide. The Freeze-thawing method can be used to solubilize FPOX
inclusion bodies at lower concentrations of urea.
Prolonged Olfactory Dysfunction in the COVID-19 Era; Etiological Analysis in a Single-centered Cohort
Authors: kawai hiroko , hashimoto kousuke , teranishi yuichi , nakagama yuu , kido yasutoshi , sunami kishiko
Published: August 2022

Key Points:  COVID-19 often cause prolonged olfactory dysfunction. 
This study evaluated the relative burden of the COVID-19-related disease
in a single-centered cohort of POD patients.  COVID-19-related POD was
diagnosed serologically.  In the COVID-19 era, the local burden of POD
increased two-fold.  It is important to use pleiotropic approach and
robust measures, when we assess OD.
Adapting camera-trap placement based on animal movement patterns for rapid detection: a focus on the Endangered white-bellied pangolin (Phataginus tricuspis)
Authors: T. Franklin Simo , F. Ghislain Difouo , Kekeunou Sevilor , G. Ichu Ichu , Olson David , J. Daniel Ingram
Published: August 2022

Abstract Pangolin species are notoriously difficult to detect and
monitor in the wild and, as a result, commonly used survey techniques
fall short in gathering sufficient data to draw confident conclusions on
pangolin populations, conservation status, and natural history. The
white-bellied pangolin is a semi-arboreal species which is poorly
detected in general mammal surveys, even with modern techniques such as
camera trapping. As a result, population status information is often
derived from hunting, market and trafficking data. There is therefore a
crucial need to improve camera trap technology or survey methods to
reliably detect this species in its natural environment. Here, we test
the influence of camera-trap placement strategy to investigate a new
monitoring approach comparing detectability of the white-bellied
pangolin obtained from targeted ground-viewing camera-trapping and a
log-viewing placement strategy adapted from local hunters’ knowledge.
Our results suggest that (1) deploying camera-traps to target logs is an
effective strategy for recording several forest species, including the
white-bellied pangolin and (2) that camera-traps targeting logs are more
efficient at detecting white-bellied pangolins than camera-traps viewing
the ground. We also found that there was only a weak relationship
between the white-bellied pangolin occurrence and environmental
variables such as elevation and distance to rivers. Our results provide
an effective new monitoring approach allowing consistent detection of
the white-bellied pangolin with moderate survey effort.
Response Assessment by PET CT as compared to CECT in childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma can reduce the need for radiotherapy in low and middle income countries
Authors: Kalra Manas , Bakhshi Sameer , Singh M. , Seth Rachna , Verma Nishant , Jain Sandeep , Radhakrishnan V. , Mandal Piali , Mahajan Amita , Arora Ramandeep , Dinand Veronique , Kapoor Gauri , Sajid M. , Kumar Rakesh , Taluja * , mallick Saumyaranjan , Chandra Jagdish
Published: August 2022

Introduction: The InPOG-HL-15-01, a multi-centric prospective study used
a risk-stratified and response-based approach with a doxorubicin,
bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) backbone to treat children
with newly diagnosed Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) and reduce the use of
radiation therapy (RT). Children/adolescents with bulky disease or
inadequate response at early response assessment (ERA) after 2 cycles of
chemotherapy were assigned to receive RT. For ERA, positron emission
tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) was recommended but not
mandatory in view of limited access. This study aimed to compare the
impact of using contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) vs PET-CT
on treatment decisions and outcomes. Methodology: 396 patients were
enrolled and 382 had an ERA at the assigned time point. Results: At ERA,
satisfactory response was documented in 277/382 (72.5%) participants
and this was significantly higher in PET-CT (151/186, 81.2%) as
compared to CECT (126/196, 64.3%) respectively (p
value<0.001). Amongst the 203 patients with non-bulky disease
(wherein the indication for RT was entirely dependent on ERA), 96/114
(84.2%) and 61/89 (68.5%) patients achieved a satisfactory response
according to the PET-CT and CECT (p value=0.008) respectively and hence
a lesser proportion of patients in the PET-CT arm received RT. Despite a
lower usage of RT the 5 year overall survival (OS) of both groups- ERA
based on CECT (91.8%) vs PET-CT (94.1%) was comparable (p value=0.391)
and so was the 5 year event free survival (EFS) (86.7 vs 85.5%, p
value=0.724). Conclusion: Use of PET-CT as the modality for ERA is more
likely to indicate a satisfactory response as compared to CECT and
thereby decreases the need for RT in response-based treatment algorithm
for HL afflicted children. The reduction in the application of RT did
not impact the overall outcome and plausibly would lower the risk of
delayed toxic effects.
Commentary: The 70th Anniversary of the First Artificial Heart Valve “From a Plastic Valve to Homotransplantation to Cusp Type Valves”
Authors: Said Sameh
Published: August 2022

I read with interest the article by Vendramin and colleagues , reminding
us with the 70th anniversary for the first artificial heart valve that
was invented by Hufnagel and was first implanted in 1952. This was in an
era, where standard heart valve replacement was not feasible, and the
heart lung machine was in its very primitive phase to allow such
operation to be performed in the way we do it today. This made me dig a
bit in the literature and read more in depth about Dr. Hufnagel, one of
the most gifted American surgeons and his pioneer work.
Machine learning guided design of covalent organic frameworks for CO2 capture in wet flue gas
Authors: Yang Shuna , Zhu Weichen , Zhu Linbin , Ma Xue , Yan Tongan , Gu Nengcui , Lan Youshi , Huang Yi , Yuan Mingyuan , Tong Minman
Published: August 2022

Discovery of remarkable porous materials for CO2 capture from wet flue
gas is of great significance to reduce the CO2 emissions, but
elucidating the most critical structure features for boosting CO2
capture capabilities remains a great challenge. Here, machine learning
assisted computational screening on 516 experimental covalent organic
frameworks (COFs) identify the superior secondary building units (SBUs)
for wet flue gas separation, which are tetraphenylporphyrin unit in
sql-type COFs and functional groups. Accordingly, 1233 COFs are
assembled using the superior SBUs. Combined with DFT calculations, the
“electron-donating induced vdW interaction” effect is discovered to
design better-performing COFs with superior CO2 uptake, which can
achieve 4.4 mmol·g-1 with CO2/N2 selectivity of 104.8; while the
“electron-withdrawing induced vdW+electrostatic coupling interaction”
effect is proposed to design better-performing COFs with superior CO2/N2
selectivity, which can arrive 277.6 with CO2 uptake of 2.2 mmol·g-1, in
this case, H2O contributes to improving the CO2/N2 selectivity.
A magnetorheological elastomer based proportional valve for soft pneumatic actuators
Authors: Wang Sihan , He Liang , Albini Alessandro , Zhang Peizhi , Maiolino Perla
Published: August 2022

The interest in soft pneumatic actuators has been growing rapidly in
robotics, owing to the contact adaptability with the material softness.
However, these actuators are mostly controlled by rigid electronic
pneumatic valves, which can hardly be integrated into the robot itself,
limiting its mobility and adaptability. Recent advances in soft or
electronics-free valve designs provide the potential to achieve an
integrated soft robotic system with reduced weight and rigidity.
Nevertheless, the challenge in valve response remains open. To enable
dynamic control of a soft pneumatic actuator, a fast-response
proportional valve is needed. In this paper, we explored the potential
of Ecoflex-based magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) membrane to create a
proportional valve that can be used in the control of a soft robot made
from the same silicone material. Experimental characterization shows
that the proposed MRE valve (30 mm × 30
mm × 15 mm, 30 grams) can hold pressure up to 41.3 kPa
and regulate the airflow in an analog manner. The valve is used to
perform closed-loop Proportional-Integral-Differential (PID) control
with 50 Hz on a soft pneumatic actuator and is able to control the
pressure within the actuator chamber with a root-mean-square error of
0.05 kPa.

Corresponding author(s) Email:   sihan.wang@eng.ox.ac.uk
Pullback D-attractors for doubly nonlinear parabolic equations
Authors: Li Yongjun , Wei Jinying , Chen Li
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we study a class of doubly nonlinear parabolic equations
(1.1). The nonlinearity B(u) brings great difficulties to the study of
the problem. First we show that the problem has a unique solution. Then
we prove that the process corresponding to the problem is norm-to-weak
continuous. After that, by using Legendre transform, we obtain uniform
estimates and asymptotic compactness properties that allow us to ensure
the existence of pullback D-attractors for the associated process to the
problem
Geographical isolation rather than convergent evolution explains significant high genetic but low morphological differentiations between two cycad species
Authors: Feng Xiu-Yan , Gong Yiqing , Nguyen Sinh Khang , Nguyen Tien Hiep , Liu Yongbo , Liu Jian , Gong Xun
Published: August 2022

Exploring the driving forces promoting speciation is a key question in
evolutionary biology. Cycas bifida and C. micholitzii are
two leaflets dichotomously divided Cycas species that have
morphological similarities. Their distribution areas are separated by
the RRFZ, a biogeographical barrier for Cycas species. The
hypothesis for explaining their divergence is geographical isolation or
convergent evolution. Three chloroplast DNA fragments, five low copy
nuclear genes and 16 microsatellite loci were used to test this
hypothesis and also to reveal their population genetics. The two species
had high genetic differentiation but low gene flow with a deep
divergence occurred in the late Miocene. The long-term geographical
isolation not convergent evolution could explain for the divergence of
the two species revealed from significant IBD testing, Barrier analysis
and Niche consistency detection. Subsequently, each species made its own
response to the Pleistocene climate fluctuations: a weak bottleneck
effect in C. bifida and a population expansion in C.
micholitzii. These findings imply that the role of geographic isolation
rather than convergent evolution facilitates them divergence by
constraining gene flow. Maybe they have gene flow or introgression with
their neighboring distribution of Cycas species, making them
genetically closer to neighboring Cycas species.
Question-based development of high-risk medical devices: A proposal for a structured design and review process.
Authors: White Nicholas , Vrielink Joric Oude , Bogt Koen van der , only) Adam Cohen (EMA-commentaries , Rotmans Joris , Horeman Tim
Published: August 2022

The recent introduction of the European Medical Device Regulation poses
stricter legislation for manufacturers developing medical devices in the
EU. Many devices have been placed into a higher risk category, thus
requiring more data before market approval, and a much larger focus has
also been placed on safety. For implantable and Class III devices, the
highest risk class, clinical evidence is a necessity. However, the
requirements of clinical study design and developmental outcomes are
only described in general terms due to the diversity of devices. A
structured approach to determining the requirements for the clinical
development of high-risk medical devices is introduced, utilising the
question-based development framework, which is already used for
pharmaceutical drug development. An example of a novel implantable
device for haemodialysis demonstrates how to set up a relevant target
product profile defining the device requirements and criteria. This can
then be used to define specific questions to be answered during clinical
development, based upon 5 general questions as specified by the
question-based framework. The result is a clear and evaluable overview
of requirements and methodologies to verify and track these requirements
in the clinical development phase. Development organisations will be
guided to the optimal route, also to abandon projects destined for
failure in an early stage to minimise development risks. Moreover, the
framework facilitates communication with funding agencies, regulators
and clinicians, while highlighting remaining “known unknowns” that are
to be answered in the post-market phase after sufficient benefit has
been established relative to the risks.
Epigenetic regulation in epilepsy: a novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for epilepsy
Authors: Chen Shuang , xu Da , Li Man
Published: August 2022

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder in which excessive and
abnormal neuronal discharges can be observed and is characterized by
recurrent seizures. The epileptogenesis is usually involved in
neuropathological processes such as ion channel dysfunction, neuronal
injury, inflammatory response, synaptic plasticity, glial cell
proliferation and mossin fibrosis, currently the pathogenesis of
epilepsy is not yet completely understood. A growing body of studies
have shown that epigenetic regulation, such as histone modifications,
DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), and restrictive element-1
silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencing factor
(REST/NRSF) are also involved in epilepsy. However, the functional roles
of epigenetics in pathogenesis and treatment of epilepsy are still to be
explored. Therefore, in this review, we will summarize latest advances
concerning the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in epilepsy, which
provide novel insight into therapy and biomarkers for epilepsy.
FLUIDIZED BED ROASTING MODIFYING THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF COCOA NIBS AND IMPROVING COCOA BUTTER QUALITY
Authors: Correa Ruth Fabiola Peña , Mogol Burçe Ataç , Fogliano Vincenzo
Published: August 2022

The extraction of butter from cocoa seeds involves various processing
steps that weak the lipid-storing cell walls of cocoa cotyledons.
Roasting is particularly critical, making cocoa nibs porous and brittle.
In this study, the degree of disruption of the microstructure of cocoa
nibs, and the quality and aroma profile of cocoa butter, were evaluated
using two roasting techniques, forced convective oven, and fluidized
bed. Fluidized bed roasting, recognized for its energy efficiency and
low-footprint synthesis, was more than 10 times faster than oven
roasting. This technique allowed a fast release of steam when parenchyma
cell walls were still in a glassy state, while oven roasting caused
gradual physical modification allowing the cell wall to become more
elastic. Consequently, when using fluidizing bed technique, small pores
of unroasted cocoa nibs swelled and coalesced to produce more
large-sized ones. 3-D microscopic image analysis showed a total porosity
in unroasted cocoa beans of 8.5 ± 2.0% (v/v): this value doubled upon
oven roasting and triplicated upon fluidized bed roasting. The higher
porosity in fast-roasted nibs was reflected in the lowest densities and
highest cocoa butter yield. Cocoa butter obtained from fluidized-bed
roasted cocoa showed a higher presence of pyrazines and 3-methylbutanal,
and a lower concentration of hydroperoxides, thus enhancing the
chocolate flavor and quality. In this paper, we showed that
pore-structure of cocoa nibs is a key quality descriptor of roasting
processing, and we concluded by energetic and quality considerations
that fluidized bed roasting of cocoa nibs should be preferred over
conventional roasting.
Participation and Hindrances to Students’ Recreation at Selected Universities in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Moronkeji B. Damilola , Ayeni Dorcas , Emmanuel Adebayo
Published: August 2022

Recreation has several benefits, one of which is the health advantage that it brings to those who engage in it. Apart from being beneficial to health, one of the other benefits is in connection with good academic performance that it stimulates. This study focused on three selected public universities in Ondo State, Nigeria. It investigates the availability of recreational facilities, students' level of participation in recreational activities, and hindrances to students’ recreational participation in the selected universities. A purposive sample of 300 students was adopted and disaggregated into 106, 139 and 55 for the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko (AAUA), and Ondo State University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa (OSUSTECH) respectively, using the relative population of students in the three universities. Data acquisition instruments included a questionnaire, interview and observation. The questionnaire administration involved a multi-stage sampling procedure that cumulated in obtaining data from the final-year students of each university's faculties and departments. Findings revealed that students' participation in recreation was at low ebb in the three universities with varying degrees of hindrances to participation across the institutions. Poor or absent facilities were the most dominant hindrance to recreation. The worst case was in OSUSTECH where the school authority did not provide any recreational facility on campus. Recommendations include sensitization programs to enlighten students on the need for recreation and the benefits of same to their health and educational pursuit; and upscaling of recreational facilities in the studied institutions.
Candidate Policy Ideas and Other Factors that Affect Election Results: A Case Study of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
Authors: Anim Andy , Obeng Addai John , Osei Akuokuo Ernest , Hammond Rebecca , Esaa Sey Casey
Published: August 2022

Politics primarily focuses on decision-making and resource allocation. This resource allocation may emerge from political parties and candidates' policy proposals. Numerous studies have explored the impact of candidate policy proposals on election outcomes, but less attention has been paid to the impact of other factors. Using Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) as a case study, the study examines the impact of candidate policy proposals and other factors such as ethnicity, gender, and party affiliation on election outcomes. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) is located in Kumasi, in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The sample size of 255 people came from the Department of History and Political Studies and the Department of English, both of which are part of the Faculty of Social Sciences. The third and fourth-year students in these departments were given online Google-style questionnaires. In addition, journal, article, and book data were used to support the analysis. The majority of survey respondents stated that politicians' policy opinions have a considerable impact on elections, which was a significant conclusion. In order to provide equal opportunity for all, the laws governing gender discrimination and ethnic politics must be properly enforced and followed. Possession of a party card should not be a prerequisite for receiving benefits in the country. Everyone should have equal access to opportunities.