bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Safety Issues for Manual Wheelchairs Aboard ‘Barrier-Free’ Ships (II)
Authors: Mizuguchi Fumihiro  , Higashi Akihiko  , Shinya Minako  , Sakuma Shunsuke  , Ohnabe Hisaichi
Published: February 2025

It is assumed that observed wave height and period are generally equal to significant wave height and period. About acceleration caused by rolling, pitching and yawing of the ship, we express it “the significant acceleration” due to its complexity like wave. We calculated the necessary torque to control a manual wheelchair for each wave height and compare them. If the observed wave height and the significant acceleration of the ship are known, it is possible to predict the effect of waves and so to control wheelchair behavior in advance, thereby preventing accidents on board.
Standardization of J-PIADS (Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale)
Authors: Inoue Takenobu  , Kamimura Tomoko  , Sasaki Kazuhiko  , Mori Koichi  , Sakai Naomi  , Fujita Yoshio  , Nihei Misato  , Tsukada Atsushi
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the standardization of the evaluation scale to measure psychosocial impacts of assistive products. J-PIADS (Japanese Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale) was formulated with translation of an English version of the PIADS developed by Jutai et al. This scale is composed of 26 items: competence subscale, adaptability subscale and self-esteem subscale. The test-retest investigation and the internal consistency tests that were conducted on the users of eye glasses, contact lenses, wheelchairs and prostheses proves the scale to be reliable enough. Setting the obvious base line was effective on the good reliability. In addition, the inspections that were conducted on the users of eye glasses, contact lenses and dysphemia reducing products support validation of the J-PIADS.
Development of Power Wheelchair with Support Functions for Learning How to Operate – Trial at a School for Children with Physical or Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Omori Kiyohiro  , Sugimoto Yoshimi  , Kitayama Ichiro
Published: February 2025

In this paper, new support functions of a power wheelchair are proposed. These functions restrict joystick input, and restricted input is released in a systematic process according to the progress of user's proficiency. Three kinds of restricted modes were used: “one-shot forward mode” where the wheelchair moves forward at a given time regardless of the input direction of the joystick; “one-shot all-round mode” where the wheelchair moves as directed by joystick input at a given time; “quantity limited one-shot mode” where the wheelchair stops immediately as soon as the joystick is pressed fully. We conducted a trial of adaptations of the wheelchair at a school for children with physical or developmental disabilities. During the trial, teachers used the wheelchair with creative ideas according to the characteristics and needs of each student. The results indicate that the wheelchair may be used as a mobility support system or an educational material (or play equipment) to promote sensory integration through movements.
A Comparison of Eye-tracking Data, Between Teachers and Non-teachers, in a Child's Writing Behavior
Authors: Takahara Mitsue  , Tsuda Yoshimi  , Hashimoto Toshiaki
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to characterize the teacher's eye gaze and corresponding focus of attention, in the context of children writing characters. The subjects included seven teachers (teacher group: T-group) and seven controls (non-teacher group: NT-group). Using an eye-tracking apparatus and the attached software, we measured the subjects' eye gaze area and gazing time as they viewed 10 serial photographs of a boy writing characters. We also obtained subjective reports from both groups concerning their eye gaze area and comments related to writing guidance. We found that though both groups paid attention to almost the same areas, they differed in gazing time (fixation length), time to first fixation, and subjective reports. When watching a boy's whole body, T-group participants looked to the boy's face earlier than to his hand. They also looked earlier at the facial area than NT-group participants did. In the subjective reports, total numbers of comments about writing guidance did not differ between groups, but when limited to the entries describing praise, the counts (numbers) were greater in the teachers' group. Based on these results, we discuss characteristics of the teachers' eye gaze and questions of interest that remain.
A Prognosis for Security in East Asia
Authors: Liow Joseph Chinyong
Published: February 2025

The financial problems in the region in the late 1990s caused political turmoil but that is now resolved. China's continuing rapid economic growth will have major consequences, including a massive rearmament programme- for what ultimate purpose? Though no two democracies have ever gone to war with each other, the transition to democracy is a very dangerous process (e.g. Iraq), which most of the states in this region have yet to experience. What will the results be-especially considering that two of them (China and North Korea) have nuclear capabilities?
The Intangibles of Security: Topics for Research
Authors: Frost Mervyn
Published: February 2025

It has become fashionable to seek technical solutions to terrorist threats, but this is only part of the answer. More important are seeking security for the intangible human practices that make us all what we are: citizens, tax-payers, workers, church-goers, etc.- i.e. members of civil society. If this is lost then we lose something more important than mere material goods or infrastructure (as is typical in terrorist attacks)- we lose our very selves. History shows that if populations feel they are well governed and have a just common cause they will cheerfully put up with even great hardships (e.g. the ‘Blitz Spirit’), but will not do so if they distrust what their government is doing in response to a threat (e.g. the US after 9/11). Five suggestions for further research in this area are offered.
Providing Security for the Human Brain
Authors: Slanevskaya Nina
Published: February 2025

The findings of neuroscience in respect of organization of social life need to be more widely known and acted upon. The use of neuroactive drugs, even those medically prescribed, can be harmful as well as beneficial in a number of ways. A systems approach to the human brain/mind and behaviour (i.e. taking into account all genetic, physical, mental and external factors) is more useful in making the mentally unwell better and in improving their behaviour. Removing violent factors from the environment of children is particularly important in this regard. ‘Intangible security’ will be greatly aided by researching what the optimal environment for healthy human minds might be; by finding non-damaging substitutes for dangerous psychoactive drugs; and by stopping the distortion of neuromorality (i.e. the in-built basic ethical ‘module’ shared by all normal humans) by political and other powerful social interests.
Global Trends in Organized Violence and Coups d'État
Authors: Mack Andrew  , Nielsen Zoe  , Cooper Tara  , Shah Mila
Published: February 2025

Global trends in violence over recent decades vary greatly by region and conflict-type. Coups have become less frequent, as have wars between states. Intrastate conflicts have become more common, particularly since the end of the Cold War, but fortunately they tend to be less deadly. Another trend is an increase in the proportion of wars which end in negotiated settlements rather than military victory for one side. There is a strong negative correlation between the level of democracy in a region and the number of conflicts it experiences (and vice versa).
Imperial Security, National Security and Global Security: The Chinese Point of View and Proof of the Construction of Modernisation
Authors: Lun Zhang
Published: February 2025

China provides a useful case-study for the changing face of security. The governments of Imperial China, Nationalist China and Communist China all had very different views of and approaches to security. As the country has moved towards a form of capitalism in recent times its approach has changed once more; whereas before there were six principal challenges in this area there are today six entirely different principal challenges. While today the Chinese military is extremely strong, no doubt primarily to dissuade foreign aggression, Chinese participation in international peace-keeping is also now an important factor.
Weapons of Mass Destruction and Terrorism
Authors: Charvat J.P.I.A.G.
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses the possible intentions of terrorist groups to use WMDs and the possibilities they may have for obtaining them. It will also discuss NATOs response to a WMD threat and the capabilities it has to prevent and deal with any such action.
Transparency and Accountability of Intelligence Agencies and Security Services
Authors: Gill Peter
Published: February 2025

This chapter considers main aspects of the general context for security sector reform in South East Europe and then the more specific challenges represented by intelligence and security agencies which were so central to authoritarian regimes. The contemporary challenges posed by developing intelligence networks and the implications of broader definitions of the security sector are considered. The possibilities of establishing democratic control and oversight of these agencies at various levels within and beyond the state are then discussed and it is concluded that this task is a never-ending process since the security sector may regress as well as progress.
Inter Agency Cooperation in Security Sector Governance and Reform
Authors: Welch Anthony Cleland
Published: February 2025

The successful completion and implementation of security sector governance reform is often undermined by confusion and competition within and between the intergovernmental organisations undertaking the reform processes. It is further hampered by a want of true local ownership and the lack of meaningful monitoring and evaluation of the outcomes. The paper identifies areas of competition and confusion which dilute the efforts of intergovernmental organisations to create democratic and effective security sectors. It suggests ways that this situation might be improved and how SSG related tasks can be better planned and applied in the Western Balkans and elsewhere.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Detection of Early Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Westman Eric  , Wahlund Lars-Olof  , Foy Catherine  , Poppe Michaela  , Cooper Allison  , Murphy Declan  , Spenger Christian  , Lovestone Simon  , Simmons Andrew
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorder and early detection is of great importance if new therapies are to be effectively administered. We have investigated whether the discrimination between early Alzheimer's disease (AD) and elderly healthy control subjects can be improved by adding magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) measures to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. In this study 30 AD patients and 36 control subjects were included. High resolution T1-weighted axial magnetic resonance images were obtained from each subject. Automated regional volume segmentation and cortical thickness measures were determined for the images.1H MRS was acquired from the hippocampus and LCModel was used for metabolic quantification. Altogether, this yielded 58 different volumetric, cortical thickness and metabolite ratio variables which were used for multivariate analysis to distinguish between subjects with AD and Healthy controls. Combining MRI and MRS measures resulted in a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 94% compared to using MRI or MRS measures alone (sensitivity: 87%, 76%, specificity: 86%, 83% respectively). Adding the MRS measures to the MRI measures more than doubled the positive likelihood ratio from 6 to 17. Adding MRS measures to a multivariate analysis of MRI measures resulted in significantly better classification than using MRI measures alone. The method shows strong potential for discriminating between Alzheimer's disease and controls.
Interaction Space
Authors: Graham Gary
Published: February 2025

In this Science Fiction prototyping article I present a future proposition of people interacting with technologically-designed or socially engineered producer entities. Entities customized specifically to solve complex societal problems. It is within this consumption/production interaction space that I propose that entrepreneurs will be able to exploit high revenue streams and develop business models and value chains from their innovations. I explore the concept of interaction space entities by means of a fictional reflection of how life might be in the interaction space in the future through two vignettes and a factual discussion of the research inspiring these views.
The Ministry of Interfaces (Doors)
Authors: Kovalchuk Yevgeniya
Published: February 2025

For those, who measure the length of their lives in numbers of experiences instead of years lived; for those, who strive to pack the knapsack of their lives optimally, maximizing its utility. Interfaces can help to go beyond the traditional trio of body, mind, and spirit serving as doors connecting them. These doors, however, could allow for an unauthorized entry and pose threat to our safety, if not designed or protected properly. This science fiction prototype allows the reader to peep through one of the doors, imprudently left opened by someone from the era of Halls – the era that followed the times of virtual reality, computer games, and the Internet.
The Lonely Companion
Authors: Grian Hazel
Published: February 2025

This Science Fiction Prototype explores both the possibilities of Brain-Computer Interfaces with Artificial Intelligence and writing autobiographical Science Fiction. The paper proceeds in three parts. The context for the story is introduced in the first section, outlining the particularly personal circumstances from which the story has been written. In the second section the story is presented as a script, a dialogue between various characters, which are denoted by differing typefaces. Finally, in the third section, I reflect upon future work I would like to carry out that continues and builds on the ideas and themes presented in the story.
Meltdown
Authors: McBride Neil
Published: February 2025

One grand challenge in computer science concerns the development of unusual and non-classical approaches to computation and the development of computer systems. One branch of computer science is looking to biology for inspiration in the construction of computer systems. The development of biological systems uses a very different approach to computer machines. Networks of dynamic interactions drive the development of the organism. The DNA encodes not a blueprint for a fixed, static structure, but a dynamic, constantly changing structure which results in a changing structure. The challenge is to develop an equivalent computer system development approach. This science fiction prototype uses a story to highlight the contrast between traditional computing and an as-yet undefined approach modelled on developmental biology. The story describes how a new type of computing based on developmental biology and molecular genetics enables creatures to be made which exist in computerised ecosystems and are able to move through traditional systems correcting problems. The complexity of traditional systems in a hospital is such that information degrades and a ‘meltdown’ occurs. It is the IT manager's connection with a firm called ‘Individuality’ that results in the rescue of the hospital's systems. The story also speculates on the potential for emergent behaviour that might occur in an information environment whose complexity threatens to exceed our ability to understand and manage it.
A Toolkit for the Evaluation of Spoken Dialogue Systems in Ambient Intelligence Domains
Authors: Ábalos Nieves  , Espejo Gonzalo  , López-Cózar Ramón  , Callejas Zoraida  , Griol David
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a new toolkit for the evaluation of spoken dialogue systems in Ambient Intelligence domains. It is comprised of several tools that can be employed to process corpora of recorded interactions and automatically obtain statistical measures in order to assess and improve these systems. The toolkit has been employed to evaluate the Mayordomo multimodal dialogue system, which enables automatic control of home appliances.
Companion Technologies and Multimodal Interaction for Ambient Intelligence
Authors: Weber Michael
Published: February 2025

This keynote will discuss the necessity of so-called companion properties for ambient intelligence applications. These non-functional properties are the key to successful, credible and user accepted ambient intelligence systems and can be achieved by a combination of technologies like situation recognition and interpretation, planning and decision support and, probably most important, adaptive multimodal user interaction capabilities.
The Intelligent Classroom: Beyond Four Walls
Authors: Dooley James  , Callaghan Vic  , Hagras Hani  , Gardner Michael  , Ghanbari Mohammed  , Al-Ghazzawi Daniyal
Published: February 2025

It has become standard practice to use the traditional information technologies such as web and email in education. But as the University campus becomes increasingly deployed with interconnected computing technology, we begin to ask how the resulting “iCampus” resource can be used in new and novel ways. This paper builds upon our previous work in the area of intelligent environments and goes beyond the typical use of computing technology within education. We report on our current research that aims to apply mixed reality and ubiquitous computing paradigms to enrich the teaching and learning experience and describe our deployments and innovations across the University of Essex campus.
iNet: An Intelligent Network as a Personal Assistant in an iCampus Environment
Authors: Benavides David  , Fuentes Erik  , Zamudio Victor
Published: February 2025

In this paper is iNet is presented, a software tool that allows personalized and customized information flow between users on a university Campus. This tool allows the recognition of preferences and desires of students, and sends relevant information according to the type of user, hobbies, preferences, etc. making communication more efficient and user-based. Although this tool has been inspired by the concept of iCampus, can be used in different scenarios such as marketing and business. Additionally, its full potential can be exploited on highly interactive scenarios, based on mobile devices. Although this research is at an early stage, its preliminary results are very encouraging.
Interactive Multimedia Performance Technology Augmented Stage
Authors: Ng
Published: February 2025

Gestural motion and communication carry a vase amount of information that is complex and meaningful. Most traditional performances (e.g. music performance and dance) involve some forms of human body (performer) movements and interactions. The body motion and gesture, directly and indirectly, contribute to various important factors of the artistic performances.
Distributed rule reasoning in a context-aware system by means of Semantic Web
Authors: -Sola Alberto Garcia  , Garcia-Valverde Teresa  , Botia Juan A.
Published: February 2025

The advent and increasing trend of context-aware systems push current systems towards new requirements. Context-aware systems are usually built upon a middleware to ease its development and fulfill those requirements, being provided of robustness and services to be used very quickly. However, most of those middlewares were designed thinking of small context-aware systems rather than big world-wide interconnected systems. Some of the requirements of these scenarios not fulfilled by the former middlewares such as mobility, scalability and dynamicity are addressed in this work providing a context-aware middleware of distributed rule reasoning capabilities.
Evaluation of context-aware coordination of interruptions in mobile application
Authors: Gievska Sonja  , Trajkovik Vladimir
Published: February 2025

We present an empirical study evaluating the impact of mediating interruptions on the quality of user experience in a mobile application that acts as a personal trainer. The mediation strategy is based on a taxonomy-based interruption framework, which uses Bayesian belief networks to represent the context of use. The subjective data analyses suggest that by increasing the relevance of the information content, and by selecting the most opportune moments for presenting progress reports, the mobile application could lessen the disruptive effects of interruptions, and promote their motivational impact on user's behavior.
Context aware assistant for the aging and dependent society
Authors: Ramparany Fano  , Benazzouz Yazid  , Chotard Laure  , Coly Edine
Published: February 2025

Ubiquitous computing environments rely on the extensive use of networked sensors which acquire real-time information about people and their activities. This information can then be collected and processed in order to support our daily life activities in terms of comfort, safety and efficiency. For instance, in the specific context of assisted living, this makes it possible to improve the autonomy, independence and self-esteem of elderly people and of people with different kinds of disabilities (visual-auditory-mobility handicaps). One approach that is being explored in the MIDAS project [7] has been to model different viewpoints of the problem such as the person competencies and abilities, the function and behavior of the services and applications that are available in his/her environment and the situation at hand when the person is engaged in his/her activities. These models are based on domain ontologies that capture the semantic content of sensors data. Such viewpoints are denoted “contexts”. In this paper, we present this approach and show how we have used this approach to develop a prototype of an intelligent assistant, that we call CAAS (Context Aware ASsistant). The CAAS detects and reacts to critical situations by planning, scheduling and conducting the appropriate course of actions.
What happens next? Science communicators and the future tense Invited Talk
Authors: Paul-Choudury Sumit
Published: February 2025

There are relatively few scientific or technology breakthroughs whose significance is immediately and widely apparent. Without context, most scientific or technological developments run the risk of seeming trivial or irrelevant in the eyes of the general public. Historical context helps explain the nature of a discovery or innovation; but explaining its significance frequently requires a degree of extrapolation, notably descriptions of potential consequences and ramifications. communicators thus almost always need to include an element of forecasting in their presentations of research findings – typically based on researchers' own thinking about where their work may lead. This talk will illustrate the various ways in which reporting is done in the future tense; present some examples of how it works (and where it fails); outline the constraints on this approach; and suggest some similarities with the SF prototyping process.
Cognitive and Functional Outcome of Terror Victims who Suffered from Traumatic Brain Injury in Jerusalem
Authors: Meiner Zeev  , Tuchner Maya  , Tsenter Jeanna  , Shiri Shimon  , Katz-Leurer Michal  , Schwartz Isabella
Published: February 2025

Between September 2000 and September 2004, 72 casualties of terror attacks were treated in the rehabilitation department in Jerusalem; among them 17 suffered from Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). As a control, we evaluated the rehabilitation process and outcome of 39 non-terror TBI patients treated in the same department at the same period. All patients were assessed upon admission and discharged from the rehabilitation department and at the end of their stay in rehabilitation day-care. Clinical data include demographic data, injury severity according to the Injury Severity Scale (ISS), length of stay, imaging results, surgical interventions, and complications. ADL was measured using the Functional Independence Measurement (FIM); cognitive and memory functions were measured using specific evaluation batteries. Terror TBI patients were significantly younger than the non-terror group (29 ± 9.5 versus 39.5 ±21, p=0.05). ISS score was significantly higher among terror victims and they had a higher rate of intracerebral hemorrhage, brain surgery and penetrating brain injuries with foreign bodies. The mean total length of stay of terror TBI patients in rehabilitation was 201± 88 days as opposed to 167± 148 days of non-terror victims (not significant). There was no difference in the mean FIM values of terror and non-terror TBI patients and both groups improved similarly reaching a mean FIM score of 119 upon discharge. In both groups, cognitive and memory tests improved significantly during rehabilitation without differences between the groups. Terror victims suffered from a higher percentage of posttraumatic epilepsy (35% versus 10% p=0.05). The rate of PTSD was similar in both groups as well as the rate of return to previous occupation. Although TBI terror victims had more severe injuries, they gained backmost ADL functions and their rehabilitation outcomes were similar to non-terror TBI patients.
Evaluation of Post-deployment Screening for Traumatic Brain Injury and Blast Exposure in a Sample of High-Risk Sailors Deployed to Iraq
Authors: Campbell Justin S.  , Greenberg Jeffrey H.  , Wolde Mikias  , Tsao Jack W.
Published: February 2025

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) is a common injury from combat. Detecting persistent symptoms is important in the care for returning service members. Retrospective self-reports were collected in a sample of 63 U.S. Navy Sailors who served a tour in Iraq while engaged in a high-risk mission for blast exposure. The sample fell into three injury exposure categories: no-injury (n = 17), blast only (n = 40), and blast plus blow-to-the-head (n = 6). Consistent with expectations, blast plus blow exposure resulted in greater symptom prevalence within category.
Molecular Mechanisms of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Pivac Nela  , Nedic Gordana  , Nikolac Matea  , Mustapic Maja  , Svob Strac Dubravka  , Jazvinscak Jembrek Maja  , Muck-Seler Dorotea
Published: February 2025

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a frequent head injury, one of the leading causes of disability worldwide and a global health issue. TBI is defined as a direct physical impact to the head, and it elicits physical, cognitive, psychological, psychosocial and functional impairments. TBI can be associated with a fatal outcome. In addition, TBI is related to high healthcare costs, long term rehabilitations, prolonged sick-leaves, and social and functional disability. The conflicts around the globe have facilitated the development of complications after TBI, especially in combat veterans, but also in civilians affected by conflicts and combat situations. The severity of TBI might vary from mild to moderate and severe forms of TBI. The complications of TBI include cognitive dysfunctions, posttraumatic epilepsy, headaches and other motor and sensory neurological impairments. There are two phases of TBI: primary (a head injury) and secondary (a biological response to primary TBI). The understanding of the pathophysiology of the secondary TBI is still unclear. Biological processes that develop after TBI are the result of the organism response to the primary TBI, and they include activation of the inflammatory mediators and secretion of neurotransmitters, the development of apoptosis or necrosis, regenerative processes and altered synaptic plasticity. The main goal in TBI research is to improve the understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to the secondary TBI, to develop biomarkers that would be used to monitor the severity of injury, to find new targets (new molecules) for treatment and to have biomarkers that would follow the treatment response to reduce mortality and physical, cognitive, psychological, psychosocial and functional impairments after TBI, and to improve the clinical outcome.
Service-Oriented Data Analysis in Distributed Computing Systems
Authors: Cesario Eugenio  , Lackovic Marco  , Talia Domenico  , Trunfio Paolo
Published: February 2025

In several scientific domains large data repositories are generated. To find interesting and useful information in those repositories, efficient data mining techniques must be used. Many scientific fields, such as astronomy, biology, medicine, chemistry and earth science, get advantages from data mining analysis. The exploitation of data mining techniques in science helps scientists in hypothesis formation and gives them a support on their scientific practices, taking advantage from the knowledge that can be extracted from large data sources. Data mining tasks are often distributed since they involve data and tools located over geographically distributed environments, like the Grid. Therefore, it is fundamental to exploit effective paradigms, such as services and workflows, to model data mining tasks that are both multi-staged and distributed. This chapter discusses data mining services and workflows for analyzing scientific data in high performance distributed environments such as Grids and Clouds. It also presents a workflow formalism and a service-oriented programming framework, named DIS3GNO, for designing and running distributed data mining tasks in the Knowledge Grid.
Competitive Enablement: A Client-Centred Conceptual Model for Device Selections in Low Vision Rehabilitation
Authors: Strong J. Graham  , Jutai Jeffrey W.  , Plotkin Ann D.
Published: February 2025

Objective. We hypothesize that device satisfaction can be consistently improved and device abandonment can be reliably reduced by using device selection protocols that allow clients to analytically identify the most effective device for her or his individual needs. These protocols must be applicable to multifarious types of vision devices and their outcomes.
An Inclusive Mobile Texting System
Authors: Pustišek Matevž  , Peternel Klemen
Published: February 2025

Objective. This paper presents a customized mobile texting system, focused predominantly on older adults and users with motor impairments. The system features a near field communication (NFC)-based user interface combined with open next-generation network (NGN) programming interfaces. SMS use and texting can be of particular value for residents of retirement homes or those involved in long rehabilitation programs. However, text messaging is not used frequently by older adults, mostly because of poor accessibility of mobile messaging and because of exclusion or self-exclusion older adults face. In order to overcome this, we prepared a simplified mail and SMS text messaging system and tested it within a small-scale trial.
Visualization of Non-verbal Expressions in Voice by using Manga technique - Ambient Font for Hearing Impaired Student
Authors: Seto Shuichi  , Arai Hiroshi  , Sugimori Kimikazu  , Shimomura Yuko  , Kawabe Hiroyuki
Published: February 2025

Generally, attendance at lecture of hearing impaired is supported by staffs to take a note while hearing a lecture. However, the lecture note cannot express the presence of the voice, which is non-verbal information such as realism of classroom, teacher's voice speed, the loudness and the tone of voice. As a result, it is difficult to grasp the atmosphere in the classroom. In this study, we propose expression techniques giving the hearing impaired the ambient of scene, which we call as “The Ambient Font”. In the ambient font, comic's techniques are used, which visualizes non-verbal information. Therefore, the ambient font enables us to give the hearing impaired not only the textual information but also the non-verbal information.
User Participation in Standardization; Principles for Active Participation
Authors: Blijham N.  , Mosies C.
Published: February 2025

Objective. This paper addresses the role of consumers/end-users, in our case Persons with Disabilities, in the creation of new standards regarding the accessibility aspects in society and the usability of products for all. The United Nations declaration on the rights of persons with disabilities requires that action has to be taken. The measures to be promoted is to include persons with disabilities, representatives. Until now consumers/end-users are not well represented in standards development. This is partly because European standardization is a new field for consumers/end-users for which they do not have the expertise to jump into. It is therefore needed to involve users with disabilities in the field of standardization.
Assessing AT solutions within occupational therapy programs
Authors: Andrich Renzo
Published: February 2025

Objectives. Within the overall individual rehabilitation plan, selection and fitting of assistive technology equipment (AT) is often carried out within occupational therapy (OT) programs. An analysis of working practices revealed that most OT programs focus on the recovery of the person's “intrinsic” abilities, while the assessment for technological enablers (AT devices, environmental adaptations etc.) tends to take place towards the very end of the treatment. This yields three drawbacks: 1) the user is discharged from the treatment cycle without being familiar enough with the AT he or she will need in the daily life context; 2) the AT choice may be driven only by professionals without informed and responsible user's participation and 3) the devices risk to be delivered to the user long after the treatment has finished, with little or no control by the rehab team on possible technical malfunctions. In this paper, a revised protocol for OT programs is proposed that embodies early assessment for AT.
Methodology for Comprehensive Clinical Evaluation of Assistive Technology: Evaluation by Rehabilitation Professionals
Authors: Nakamura Mio  , Sakiyama Miwa  , Suzurikawa Jun  , Tsukada Shohei  , Kume Yohei  , Kawakami Hideo  , Inoue Takenobu
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study is to develop a new methodology for the comprehensive clinical evaluation of novel assistive technologies. The proposed methodology involves four steps: evaluation by rehabilitation professionals, evaluation by potential users in a simple setting, evaluation by users in an experimental environment, and evaluation by users in a real-life environment. In this paper, details of the first step of the methodology are provided. The aim of the first step of our evaluation is to identify the target users and ensure effective use of the novel assistive technology. This evaluation is mainly based on qualitative research intended for rehabilitation professionals. The effectiveness of this methodology has been demonstrated by using it for the clinical evaluation of “Robotic Bed” developed by Panasonic Corporation. On the basis of the results, three target potential users are identified, and the manner in which “Robotic Bed” can be put to effective use was confirmed. The findings of this study can be used to set the experimental conditions for the second step of the proposed methodology, i.e., evaluation by the envisioned users.
Adapting Linking Rules to the International Classification of Functioning as a method for Representing Assistive Technology Knowledge
Authors: Gilligan John  , Smith Peter
Published: February 2025

Objective. To propose a scheme which uses the International Classification of functioning to represent tasks and subtasks in everyday activity. This scheme must also allow for the use of Assistive Technology intervention
Documentation of the Service Delivery Process of Powered Wheelchairs and Scooters in Two Nordic Countries
Authors: Sund Terje  , Iwarsson Susanne  , Brandt Åse
Published: February 2025

Objective: According to a literature review done by Hoenig et al within stroke rehabilitation, there is a relationship between the key elements of Donabedian's conceptual model for quality assessment, namely structure of care predicts the process of care. As the structure of the service delivery system (SDS) of assistive devices in Norway and Denmark differ, the purpose of this study was to investigate how different SDS were associated with the quality of the service delivery (SD) process when powered wheelchairs (PWC) and scooters were provided.
The role of choice in Assistive Technology provision in Europe
Authors: Steel Emily J.
Published: February 2025

Objective. A client-centred approach has not been fully realised in Assistive Technology (AT) provision and, in response, there have been moves toward enhancing choice through the use of individual budgets. Choice is advocated in healthcare to enhance quality and strengthen individual rights, but in a market environment can leave customers overwhelmed rather than empowered if not supported by independent advice and information. Can client choice be extended to those who seek and can benefit from choice have access, while providing practitioner support for those who want or need it?
Communication support system for home care using mobile phones and digital pens
Authors: Iwabuchi Mamoru  , Takeuchi Takashi  , Fujita Makoto  , Watanabe Yasuyuki
Published: February 2025

In this study a web service for the interactions between home carers and their clients was developed. The aim was to provide a system for the exchange of messages and topics of conversation relating to the clients' interests. The system had two unique characteristics: firstly the use of digital pens so that the carers did not have to change their usual working practices of keeping records on paper and secondly the carers received client related notifications and conversation topics via their mobile phones.
Cloud-based Auto-Personalization for More Universal Accessibility
Authors: Vanderheiden Gregg C.  , Treviranus Jutta
Published: February 2025

Objective. As we move more inextricably into a digital economy there is a looming crisis for a growing number of increasingly marginalized individuals. The accessibility technologies we have are meeting the needs of only some, at high cost – and will not work with many new technologies. In addition, the pace and path of technological change predestines these approaches to fail in the very near future. At the same time the incidence of disabilities is increasing as our population ages.
Sustainable Wheelchair Provision
Authors: Gowran Rosemary J.  , Murray Elaine  , Sund Terje  , Steel Emily  , McKay Elizabeth  , O'Regan Bernadette
Published: February 2025

Objective: This session is to heighten awareness, generate debate, facilitate dialogue, reflect and review current practices and unite as a community of people with a common goal to build a system for sustainable wheelchair provision within their own country. Main contents of paper: The focus is to introduce the concept of sustainable development and its relationship with wheelchair provision. Results: The outcomes of a doctoral thesis utilising this concept, giving consideration to the importance of context, understanding stakeholder perspectives and collaboration to create a strategy for sustainable wheelchair provision is presented.
Evaluation of the implementation process of “Customized Care by Lifestyle Monitoring”
Authors: Claassen René  , Willems Charles G.
Published: February 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study was to undertake process evaluation of the implementation of tele-care in a large care-providing organization in the Netherlands.
Portale SIVA: the Italian National Portal on Assistive Technology
Authors: Andrich Renzo  , Gower Valerio  , Pigini Lucia  , Caracciolo Antonio  , Agnoletto Andrea
Published: February 2025

Context. In Italy the categories of assistive devices eligible for provision through the National Health Service (NHS) are established by the Ministry of Health. A medical prescription is needed for these products. Users who need assistive equipment currently falling outside the NHS schemes (e.g. ICT equipment) have to buy them out of their pocket; however schemes exist at national, regional or local level to get financial contribution, as well as fiscal benefits. Individual assessment for the choice of the appropriate assistive solution is mainly a responsibility of the Local Health authority. The competences needed for effective assessment are unevenly distributed throughout the Country. A network of Assistive Technology Centres (public or private) exists where people can apply for professional support. Overall, the Assistive Technology market is partially intermediated by professionals of the NHS or other Agencies, while partially is directly driven by the end-users.
The Vilans guidance for assistive technology. Information as a condition for the provision of assistive technology (AT)
Authors: Hagedoren E.  , Jonker H.K.
Published: February 2025

Objective. In our poster we investigate the importance of supplying information on AT of good quality to all parties concerned: users, professional caregivers, producers and retailers. We will also look into the way the information is to be selected, processed and presented.
AbleData.com's Leap Into the Future
Authors: Lowe Stephen W.
Published: February 2025

Over the past six years, the AbleData website, www.abledata.com, has undergone a radical transformation that has enhanced the site's usability and accessibility and expanded its user base significantly. AbleData has completed its transformation from an office-based resource center that could only be reached by telephone or mail to a web-based resource that reaches over 3 million people each year throughout the world. While AbleData has historically been best known for maintaining one of the most comprehensive databases of assistive products available in the United States, it is now one of the world's premier Internet resources for assistive technology information.
Smart underwear – assistive technology developed for continence pad users
Authors: van den Heuvel Eleanor  , Jowitt Felicity  , Long Adele  , Worthington Jo  , Drake Marcus  , Slack Maryann  , Fernandes Bosco  , Gaydecki Patrick
Published: February 2025

Continence problems are extremely common in the adult population and prevalence increases with age. Urinary system function can decline with age and concomitant diseases (congestive heart failure, Parkinson's Alzheimer's etc) and mobility problems are more prevalent. Any limitation in mobility is likely to cause difficulties with continence simply because the person finds it difficult to reach the toilet in time or transfer onto it when they get there. The most common method of managing ongoing continence problems is with the use of continence pads. Pads provide a hygienic and socially acceptable solution to incontinence but they are associated with problems that affect both physical and psychological well-being.
Socio-economical aspects of ICT based services for seniors in Slovakia
Authors: Galajdová Alena  , Šimšík Dušan  , Andrášova Marianna  , Bujňák, Juraj  , Krajňák Stanislav
Published: February 2025

Objective. The goal of the MonAMI project is to demonstrate that accessible and useful services based on ICT, allowing the people with disabilities and elderly to increase autonomy, safety, and quality of their lives, can be delivered in mainstream systems and platforms. The availability of such services is very low in Slovakia nowadays.
Mainstream adoption: assistive technology transfer's final hurdle
Authors: Hawley Mark S.  , Brownsell Simon
Published: February 2025

Objective. The technology transfer process is often assumed to end when technology is placed on the market. However, for assistive technologies, the final hurdle is the adoption of the technology into mainstream practice. For assistive technologies such as telehealth, where adoption into mainstream practice requires a major investment by health services, the process of moving from a marketable technology innovation towards mainstream adoption introduces numerous potential barriers.
Assistive technology: creating and working with a knowledge transfer community
Authors: Haigh Helen  , Mountain Gail  , Cudd Peter
Published: February 2025

Objectives. Firstly to describe the strategic remit of the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council KT-EQUAL (knowledge transfer for extending quality of life of older and disabled people) consortium. Secondly to provide some case examples of knowledge transfer activities concerned with assistive technology that have been facilitated through KT-EQUAL and that contribute to technology transfer together with likely metrics of impact.
A cluster initiative to strengthen the assistive technology sector in San Sebastian, Spain
Authors: Montejo Manuel  , Idigoras Igone  , Ayestaran Maite  , San Sebastian Laida  , Zamora Gerardo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: San Sebastian' population is more heavily skewed towards seniors than other cities in Spain: 20% of its population is 65+ and 8.3% is made up by people with disabilities. In order to face this challenge, local authorities, together with research centres and private companies, have analysed the Assistive Technology (AT) sector with the goal of supporting emerging economic opportunities in this area.
Proposal for a Building Accessibility Service (BASE)
Authors: Garcia Juan Carlos  , Marron Marta  , Amaral Paulo F.  , Bastos Teodiano  , Palazuelos Sira  , Martin Jose Luis  , Gualda David
Published: February 2025

Objective: This work presents the specification and components of a Building Accessibility Service (BASE) that is aimed for providing localization and route planning in unknown indoor environments. This new service will provide goal selection and route descriptions in order to reach the desired destination depending on user's profile. BASE will be most often used in places frequently visited, such as commercial centers, administration buildings, cultural and educative centers, hospitals, and so. One of the possible benefits of this service is to make easier the participation of people with disabilities in social life by increasing their autonomy.
Machine Learning Methods for Word Prediction in Brasilian Portuguese
Authors: Palazuelos-Cagigas Sira E.  , Martín-Sánchez José L.  , Macías-guarasa Javier  , García-García Juan C.  , Cavalieri Daniel. C.  , Bastos-Filho Teodiano F.  , Sarcinelli-Filho Mario
Published: February 2025

Objective. Computers have become essential in the life of many people with disabilities. A common activity that can be computer assisted is text generation. People who cannot accurately control their extremities (due to cerebral palsy, etc.) may use computers as writing tools, and if they have problems to speak, they may use a computer to communicate. In both cases, the generation of text is a necessary activity that can be physically demanding and extremely slow. Word prediction methods are commonly used to assist in this task. The objective of our work is to improve the quality of a word prediction system for Brazilian Portuguese, in order to reduce the effort and time needed to write texts.
Development of Cursor Movement Control Software for People with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Watanabe Takashi  , Hatakeyama Takuro  , Okuyama Toshihiro  , Tejima Noriyuki
Published: February 2025

Objective. This work focused on controlling the cursor movement of pointing devices for people with physical disabilities. The purpose of this work was to produce cursor movement control software (CMC), which can be adapted to residual abilities of people with physical disabilities.