bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propranolol Suppresses Cobalt Chloride-Induced Hypoxic Proliferation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells in vitro
Authors: Wei Li , Li Li , Zhang Bin , Ma Lin
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: To investigate the effect of propranolol on cobalt chloride (CoCl2)-induced hypoxic proliferation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods: CoCl2 was administrated to HUVECs to mimic hypoxic proliferation in infantile hemangioma. The proliferation of HUVECs was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8. Effects of propranolol on apoptosis and expressions of cell cycle-related genes, CDK4 and cyclin D1, were detected by flow cytometry and RT-PCR respectively. The release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Propranolol significantly inhibited the CoCl2-induced hypoxic proliferation of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner, and also induced apoptosis and suppressed the expression of CDK4 and cyclin D1. Propranolol also decreased the release of VEGF and LDH in the supernatant. Conclusions: Propranolol could inhibit CoCl2-induced hypoxic proliferation of HUVECs through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
Adipose TSHB in Humans and Serum TSH in Hypothyroid Rats Inform About Cellular Senescence
Authors: Moreno-Navarrete José María , Liñares-Pose Laura , Sabater Mònica , Rial-Pensado Eva , Comas Ferran , Jové Mariona , Latorre Jèssica , Ortega Francisco , Ricart Wifredo , Portero-Otin Manuel , López Miguel , Fernández-Real José Manuel
Published: November 2018

Background/Aims: Thyroid hormones have been recently linked to senescence and longevity. Given the recent description of TSHB mRNA in human adipose tissue (AT), we aimed to investigate the relationship between local AT TSH and adipose tissue senescence. Methods: TSHB mRNA (measured by real-time PCR) and markers of adipose tissue senescence [BAX, DBC1, TP53, TNF (real-time PCR), telomere length (Telo TAGGG Telomere Length Assay) and lipidomics (liquid chromatography mass spectrometry)] were analysed in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) AT from euthyroid subjects. The chronic effects of TSH were also investigated in AT from hypothyroid rats and after recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) administration in human adipocytes. Results: Both VAT and SAT TSHB gene expression negatively correlated with markers of AT cellular senescence (BAX, DBC1, TP53, TNF gene expression and specific glucosylceramides) and positively associated with telomere length. Supporting these observations, both rhTSH administration in human adipocytes and increased TSH in hypothyroid rats resulted in decreased markers of cellular senescence (Bax and Tp53 mRNA) in both gonadal and subcutaneous white adipose tissue. Conclusion: These data point to a possible role of TSH in AT cellular senescence.
Repensando o Iphan nos seus 80 anos
Authors: Fernandes Fernanda
Published: November 2018

Introduz alguns aspectos da atuação do Iphan por meio do enfoque singular dos autores que participam do dossiê, identificando temas recorrentes e assinalando a contribuição do Iphan para a historiografia da arquitetura no Brasil.
Lethrus (Lethrus) thracicus (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae), a new species from the European part of Turkey
Authors: KRÁL DAVID , HILLERT OLIVER , DROŽOVÁ DANA , ŠÍPEK PETR
Published: November 2018

Lethrus (Lethrus) thracicus Král & Hillert, new species, from Thrace, north-western Turkey is described. The new species is compared with the morphologically similar species L. (L.) apterus (Laxmann, 1770), L. (L.) ares Král, Rejsek & Schneider, 2001 and L. (L.) schneideri Král & Hillert, 2013. Relevant diagnostic male characters (shape of mandibles, ventral mandible processes, pronotum and parameres) are illustrated. The name Lethrus subaeneus Fairmaire, 1866 is considered a nomen nudum.
Ghost heroes: Forgetting and remembering in national narratives of the past
Authors: Eglitis Daina S , Kelso Michelle
Published: November 2018

This article takes a sociological perspective on the phenomenon of national myth making in collective memory. It develops an original theoretical concept, the ghost hero. The ghost hero, we posit, is a reinvented historical actor who, despite being implicated in acts of moral or legal turpitude, is elevated and venerated within national communities. In building a theoretical frame, we use two historical cases: Latvian aviator and Nazi-era collaborator Herberts Cukurs, and Marshall Ion Antonescu, pro-fascist leader of Romania in World War II. Our concept draws on the microsociological theory of Erving Goffman to characterize a historical narrative as the presentation of a national “self” and the structural functionalist perspective to examine the sociological functions of the ghost hero for state and society. We suggest that the ghost hero concept could extend beyond these cases and regions to analyze the heroization of historical figures implicated in atrocities.
Association Between the Medical Home Model of Care and Demographic Characteristics in US Children
Authors: Fleary Sasha A.
Published: November 2018

Given the medical home model of care’s (MHMOC) potential to reduce disparities in health care, this study determined the relationship between MHMOC, MHMOC indicators, and (1) demographic characteristics and (2) health outcomes in US children. Caregivers (n = 50 212) of children 0 to 17 years completed the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health. The MHMOC measure comprised 5 indicators (e.g., having a personal doctor/nurse and receiving family-centered care). Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions assessed the relationships between MHMOC, MHMOC indicators, and (1) demographic characteristics and (2) health outcomes. Approximately 49% of the children were served in a MHMOC. MHMOC and MHMOC indicators were related to race, ethnicity, nativity, caregiver education, federal poverty level, insurance type, and predicted health outcomes. These findings suggest that children most in need of MHMOC are less likely to be served in them. Thus, the current distribution of MHMOC likely contributes to greater disparities in care.
Thermally insulating extruded foams laminated with barrier films
Authors: Woodcraft VA , Arionus J , Fox RT
Published: November 2018

Extruded styrenic foam can provide considerable insulation performance, making it a suitable material for a wide variety of building applications. Its thermal resistance over time is heavily influenced by the diffusion rate of oxygen and nitrogen from the ambient air environment into the cellular structure, and which, if moderated, can lead to still more effective systems. Application of a barrier to surfaces of the foam as a means to provide more controllable gas exchange can be accomplished through use of multilayer ethylene vinyl alcohol-based polymeric films designed specifically for the purpose. Behavior of barrier-faced foam systems with respect to cell gas content, mechanical properties, thermal insulation performance over time, and barrier integrity is described, along with potential benefits of its use in practice.
Examining the Relationship Between Strain and the Use of Nonmedical Prescription Drugs Among College Students
Authors: Pate Margaret C. , Bolin Riane M.
Published: November 2018

The study of nonmedical prescription drug use (NMPDU) on college campuses is of importance, as college students tend to engage in NMPDU more often than their same-age peers not attending college. Typical correlates of NMPDU include need for alertness, perception of peer use, desire to get high, and use of other drugs including alcohol and marijuana. Few studies have explored the relationship between strain, depression, and NMPDU among college students. Using general strain theory as the theoretical framework, the current study aims to add to the literature on NMPDU by exploring the role that strain and depression play in the prevalence of nonmedical prescription stimulant, tranquilizer/sedative, and pain reliever use at a midsized university. Results support the relationship proposed by strain theorists for both nonmedical use of prescription pain relievers and tranquilizers/sedatives, but not stimulants. Policy implications and future areas of research are discussed.
Variations in Retail Sales between Cities
Authors: Ferber Robert
Published: November 2018

Variations in the level of retail sales between cities are governed by a different set of forces than are variations in sales to individual consumers. This study seeks to determine the factors influencing city variations in retail sales in Illinois. Influencing factors are found to vary markedly with the category of sales studied. Also, contrary to preliminary indications, income turns out to be an important variable.
Trading Stamps and Retail Failures
Authors: Phillips Charles Franklin
Published: November 2018

Has the development of trading stamps increased retail failures? This article gives the results of a special tabulation of Dun and Bradstreet's retail failure figures, in an effort to provide a partial answer to this question.
Contributions of Sociology to Marketing
Authors: Jonassen Christen T.
Published: November 2018

Sociologists have made discoveries which have considerable significance for marketing. The author, a sociologist, tells in this article what some of these discoveries are.

Specifically, findings significant for marketing have been produced by sociologists in population, collective behavior, motivation, stratification, methodology, research designs, measurement, prediction, human ecology, and the family. Much of this knowledge, of course, remains a potential rather than a realized source of information.
Toward a Theory of Leisure-Spending Behavior
Authors: Fisk George
Published: November 2018

Empirical data from the 1950 Study of Consumer Expenditures, Incomes and Savings and from the 1955–56 LIFE Study of Consumer Expenditures make possible the testing of economic and sociological theories of leisure-spending behavior.

Also some new hypotheses are presented here about the determinants of the demand for leisure goods.
Business Gaming for Marketing Decisions
Authors: Greene Jay R.
Published: November 2018

Business gaming has profitable applications in education, research, and problem solving.

The author dispels several misconceptions about business gaming and shows how it can provide marketing management with an important decision assisting tool.
Supply Considerations and Shopper Convenience
Authors: Bliss Perry
Published: November 2018

How many stores does it take to supply consumers with convenience in shopping? What does the size of store have to do with an optimum retail structure?

This article argues that there is a direct relationship between shopping convenience and economies of scale in retail store operation.
What is “New” about a New Product?
Authors: Wasson Chester R.
Published: November 2018

Why do some new products require heavy resources to establish, whereas others gain immediate acceptance? Why do some innovators fail, only to see others pick up the same product to achieve spectacular success?

The following article suggests that the answer lies partly in what is “new” in the new product—in the sponsor's adaptation of his marketing strategy to the right element of novelty.
Marketing in India
Authors: Westfall Ralph , Boyd Harper W.
Published: November 2018

This article describes the role of marketing in the Indian economy and explains the activities of manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers. Specific weaknesses in the marketing system are pointed out, and possibilities of improving Indian conditions with modern techniques are discussed.
The Impact of Some Regional Shopping Centers
Authors: Pratt Samuel , Pratt Lois
Published: November 2018

Originally a product of suburban growth, shopping centers are now generating vast changes in retailing and in metropolitan community development.

This article discusses the complex reshuffling of customers among suburban districts as well as between central city and suburbs. This is a study of two major regional shopping centers in a suburban area near New York City.
The FORUM: A Study of Trade Name Confusion
Authors: Ferber Robert , Weitz Joseph
Published: November 2018

How does one determine whether or not the public confuses one trade name with another? What kind of evidence can an established company obtain which will allay or support the fear that a new company has chosen a name so similar to its own that it creates confusion in the public's perception?

The author describes two techniques which might be used to establish the likelihood of confusion between two trade names.
The Forum: The Evolving Downtown-Suburban Retail Pattern
Authors: Hindersman Charles H.
Published: November 2018

During the past decade the rise of new suburban competition has shaken the retailing structures of metropolitan areas across the nation. The present article illustrates the pattern which has been uncovered by a study of the Cincinnati market during the transitional period of the shopping center development.
A Model for Predictive Measurements of Advertising Effectiveness
Authors: Lavidge Robert J. , Steiner Gary A.
Published: November 2018

The development and selection of research designs too often reflects thinking which is technique-oriented. This article looks at advertising research from another viewpoint.

It starts with the questions: What is advertising supposed to do? What are its functions? The authors then show the implications of these questions in relation to measurements of the effectiveness of proposed advertisements.
Hidden Errors in Survey Data
Authors: Wells William D. , Dames Joel
Published: November 2018

How accurately do respondents report in marketing research surveys? This study shows that survey results can be correct for a total sample, even when many individuals have not reported accurately. But the study also shows that seemingly correct results sometimes conceal a bias which leads to false conclusions.
Automated Grocery Shopping
Authors: Andreasen Alan R. , Ferber Robert
Published: November 2018

Automatic vending has come to hold equal fascination for the marketing practitioner, the academic theorist, and the average consumer. Unfortunately, it has also been the recipient of more than its share of “blue-sky” prognoses.

This article gives the results of an interesting experiment in grocery vending conducted by a midwestern supermarket chain.
Marketing Laws and Marketing Strategy
Authors: Alexis Marcus
Published: November 2018

If decisions of marketing managers are to be influenced by predictions based on theoretical models, it is important that the assumptions in the models be accurate. Marketeers must reformulate concepts in such models to make them empirically meaningful, as the author of this article shows.
Retail Strategy and the Classification of Consumer Goods
Authors: Bucklin Louis P.
Published: November 2018

What guides are available to aid the retailer in developing his marketing strategy?

The author shows how the traditional concepts of shopping, convenience, and specialty goods may be updated and integrated with the idea of patronage motives, and how they provide the retailer with a new means of evaluating his strategy.
Identifying Likely Sales Prospects
Authors: Lacy Francis J. , Ferber Robert
Published: November 2018

This article describes a “user-nomination” research methodology for identifying nonusers of a product or service. The case history describing the technique is from a study by Opinion Research Corporation.
A Closer Look at Operations Research
Authors: Doherty Philip A.
Published: November 2018

Until recently a novelty in the world of business, Operations Research is still something of a mystery to most people.

Although the author of this article does not claim to dispel this mystery completely, he does lighten it considerably.
Real Models in Marketing, or Phony Games?
Authors: Wasson Chester R.
Published: November 2018

Do mathematical models have a role to play in marketing? Do we now have models to offer for business decision? Should the emphasis be on the mathematics, or on the models?

Here are some provocative ideas.
The Service Revolution
Authors: Regan William J.
Published: November 2018

Are we running out of physical-goods markets?

The author shows how a large and growing market for commodities lies in the development of service systems.
The use of Mathematical Models in Marketing
Authors: Kotler Philip
Published: November 2018

Marketing executives and mathematicians have joined forces in a search for improved decision models to handle such problems as new-product development, media selection, retail inventory control, and size of sales force.

The author of this article explains and illustrates those operations research models which hold the greatest promise in the marketing area.
The “Imageries” of Department Stores
Authors: Rich Stuart U. , Portis Bernard D.
Published: November 2018

What is it that really constitutes a store's “image”? How do downtown department stores and suburban department stores differ in imagery?

Here are the highlights of a study of the shopping attitudes of 4,500 women shoppers — the different types of appeal in department stores, the different customer characteristics, differences in shopping behavior, and differences between the imagery of suburban branch department stores and their “parent” stores in the city.
Retail Competition in Chile
Authors: Luders Rolf J. , Jung Allen F.
Published: November 2018

Although there is a very limited market for durable goods in Chile, there is considerable competition among retail merchants. Variations in price and finance charges are reported in the present study.
Is Advertising Important in the Soviet Economy?
Authors: Markham James W.
Published: November 2018

In the Soviet Union's planned society where the means of production and distribution are government and Party monopolies, commercial advertising would appear to be superfluous. Official Soviet policy has always spurned advertising as economic waste and has at times denounced advertising and other “bourgeois capitalistic” devices as competition, production differentiation, and installment buying.

Why, then, is commercial advertising “catching on” in the Soviet Union and changing established marketing practices?

This article traces and evaluates the rise of this surprising new development in the leading Communist state.
Pretesting Field Interviewing Costs through Simulation
Authors: Mayer Charles S.
Published: November 2018

Determination of the cost implications of alternate field procedures and sample designs has been a thorny problem for those conducting field surveys.

This article shows how computer simulation can provide a fast, accurate, and inexpensive solution to these kinds of problems.
Conditioning Effects from Repeated Household Interviews
Authors: Neter John , Waksberg Joseph
Published: November 2018

Repeated interviews with the same households are often conducted in surveys. Does this repeated interviewing affect the behavior and reports of the respondents?

The answer has important implications for survey design. This article provides some evidence on the effects of repeated interviewing in a household expenditures survey.
Effective Techniques in Industrial Marketing Research
Authors: De Koning CO
Published: November 2018

Is industrial marketing research really as simple and straightforward as it is made out to be? Is there more to it than just “freewheeling” interviews with a few hand-picked respondents? Why is there so little published about industrial marketing research? Why is methodology so lacking in industrial marketing research?

Here are some answers to these questions by a Dutch marketing specialist.
A

Few

Consumers Speak
Authors: Mason John L.
Published: November 2018

A recent article by James O. Peckham in the JOURNAL OF MARKETING entitled “The Consumer Speaks” was of considerable interest to many readers.

With real concern over the possibility that the Peckham article might be given too great acceptance, the author of the present article raises several questions about the conclusions reached.
A New Theory of Consumer Buying Intent
Authors: Groeneveld Leonard
Published: November 2018

Do products have certain characteristics which establish the relative importance of basic elements of the marketing mix?

Here is an attempt to provide a framework by which all products may be related for conceptual and practical purposes.

Rather than classify products, the unusual approach developed in this article involves the establishment of a spectrum as a model. All products can be located on this spectrum of consumer buying intent by the measurement of product characteristics.
Defining and Estimating a Trading Area
Authors: Huff David L.
Published: November 2018

What are the conceptual properties of a trading area?

What is the definition of the term?

What testable propositions are currently available to validate its properties and thus give precision to the definition?

This article gives answers to these questions.
Uses of Sociology in Studying “Consumption” Behavior
Authors: Glock Charles Y. , Nicosia Francesco M.
Published: November 2018

Although there has been a growth in the amount of social science dealing with consumers, for the most part sociologists have not been concerned with the study of the AGGREGATE behavior of consumers.

Here is a discussion of some of the ways that sociological theories and methods may contribute toward the prediction and explanation of aggregate consumption behavior.
Legal developments in marketing
Authors: Werner Ray O.
Published: November 2018

The most important recent developments in the legal framework within which marketing must function are reported under the topical outline presented below. More detailed information about individual items may be obtained by reference to the source cited for each case. References to CCH are to the Commerce Clearing House Trade Regulation Reporter; references to BNA are to Bureau of National Affairs, Antitrust & Trade Regulation Report.
The Pluses and Minuses of Branding Agricultural Products
Authors: Makens James C.
Published: November 2018

Differentiation of homogeneous agricultural products through branding is a difficult and costly undertaking for a firm. How successful has this been, and what are the possibilities for additional brand promotion?

As a specific example, the author shows the effects of brands upon consumer preferences for frozen, whole turkey.
Is Marketing Education Driving or Drifting?
Authors: Luck David J.
Published: November 2018

“Because of its fundamental and continuing interest in marketing education, the Marketing Science Institute has completed a factual study of trends in marketing course offerings and enrollments in the member schools of the American Association of Collegiate Schools of Business.

“Although the accompanying background study raises many questions, it does provide a foundation for identification and discussion of some major issues. The full report of the findings of MSI's study is available from the Marketing Science Institute, 3625 Walnut Street, Philadelphia 4, Pennsylvania.” (Wendell R. Smith, Pres., Marketing Science Institute)
Dilemma of Selling to Uncle Sam
Authors: Katz Arthur J.
Published: November 2018

More than $50 billion are spent annually by the United States Government for defense purposes.

The author of this article takes a brief look at vital factors influencing a decision of whether or not an industrial firm should attempt to find a niche in the Government procurement system.
Further Pursuit of the Dissonant Consumer: A Comment
Authors: Engel James F.
Published: November 2018

A clarification is offered by a marketing man as to the pursuit of the dissonant consumer.
Future Octane Number Requirements for Future Market Demand
Authors: Entenberg Robert D. , Menard Albert L.
Published: November 2018

The projection of future octane number requirements for future market demand directly involves a firm's share of the market and its long-run profitability.

Octane projections must reflect the probable impact of rapid technological and economic change, as well as ever-changing consumer wants and attitudes.

Here is a forecast methodology— an evaluation of the projection of future octane number requirements for marketing strategy.
A Vast New Storehouse of Transportation and Marketing Data
Authors: Evans Henry K.
Published: November 2018

The monumental traffic jam on U. S. streets and highways has sparked a massive program of research in land use, economic data, and travel habits. Current inventories and projections into the future are being organized and recorded in 225 cities across the nation at a cost of about $100 million.

This vast new storehouse of data, with immediate application to marketing, is free for the asking, too.
The Influence of Media Characteristics on Coupon Redemption
Authors: Schwartz Alvin
Published: November 2018

Direct mail, magazine, or newspaper? Are redemption percentages an adequate criterion? Do redemptions “peak” when they appear to? Can residual advertising values be weighed?

An analysis of 81 couponing promotions leads to some unexpected conclusions.
Synthetics, Substitutes, and Food Marketing
Authors: Polopolus Leo
Published: November 2018

What factors have led to the introduction and market growth of synthetic and substitute food products? What will be the impact of an increasing supply of these products upon the food industry's market structure, market performance, market integration and coordination, and consumer behavior?

The author discusses the development and impact of synthetic and substitute food products in a broad sense, and he also includes numerous examples of specific commodities and products.
The Concept of Mass in Intra-urban Shopping
Authors: Bucklin Louis P.
Published: November 2018

Does a shopping center hold a uniform appeal for the potential customers that surround it or are various market segments attracted in different degrees? Judging from the models employed to predict retail trading areas, one might assume that most marketers believe the former to be true and that attraction to all shoppers is a function of the center's mass. This article employs statistical techniques to test this homogeneity concept of the appeal of mass for various types of intra-urban retail facilities and suggests some social perspectives as to how consumers evaluate these centers.
The Cooperative-based Marketing System in Tanganyika
Authors: Albaum Gerald , Rutman Gilbert L.
Published: November 2018

This article examines the distribution system that is being developed in Tanganyika. This development should be of interest to people concerned with marketing systems as it may very well be the model upon which other developing nations base their domestic distribution systems.
The Federal Trade Commission and the Regulation of Advertising in the Consumer Interest
Authors: Cohen Dorothy
Published: November 2018

Behavioral science research has uncovered various facets of consumer behavior that have significance in setting standards for protection from advertising abuse. This article suggests that the Federal Trade Commission take note of the behavioral characteristics of the consumer and amend its regulatory framework accordingly.
Systems Analysis at the Public-Private Marketing Frontier
Authors: King William R.
Published: November 2018

New and complex problems are developing at the public-private interface. There exist few effective mechanisms for their analysis and solution. The author proposes an interdisciplinary systems approach transcending traditional boundaries placed on studies in both government and business.
Priority Patterns and Consumer Behavior
Authors: McFall John
Published: November 2018

Products acquired by consumers over life-cycle periods can be grouped into clusters in accordance with set criteria. This article shows how marketing strategy can be made more effective by adopting a cluster approach to product sets. A technique is outlined for defining the characteristic sets of consumer durables and the consumer priority patterns related to their acquisition.
Marketing Professional Services
Authors: Turner Everett B.
Published: November 2018

Management consulting firms have been sensitive to management needs and quick to utilize whatever staff capabilities are necessary to satisfy that demand. However, these same firms have often been slow to recognize the marketing opportunities which have accompanied the changes in their field.

This article discusses these changes, the reasons for a lack of organized marketing effort, the consequences of this marketing lag, and methods for effectively and ethically marketing professional services.
A Symposium: What's Ahead for Marketing Managers?
Authors: Buzzell Robert D.
Published: November 2018

Marketing managers will face new kinds of problems during the coming decade as industry and company structures become more complex, and as environmental pressures increase. The author explores some of the anticipated trends of the 1970s and their effects on marketing organization and methods.
Measurement and Data Analysis
Authors: Green Paul E.
Published: November 2018

Progress in measurement theory and techniques of data analysis can be useful to both the management scientist and behavioralist. Recent developments in multidimensional scaling and nonmetric methods in analyzing associative data are discussed. The author further speculates that such techniques will lead ultimately to more realistic prescriptive models and more rigorous formulations of buyer behavior.
The Growing Responsibilities of Marketing
Authors: Lavidge Robert J.
Published: November 2018

The impact of marketing on society is increasing as marketing becomes broader in function and scope. The social responsibilities of marketing practitioners and educators are also expanding. These responsibilities and related dangers and opportunities for service to society during the next decade are discussed in this article.
Black Consumer Reactions to “Integrated” Advertising: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Gould John W. , Sigband Norman B. , Zoerner Cyril E.
Published: November 2018

Marketers who pioneered advertising in which blacks and whites appear together in more or less socially intimate situations took a number of risks. This article reports a study of why advertisers use integrated advertisements and how some black consumers are reacting to these ads. The study has implications for message strategy and suggests directions for further research.
Brand Assortment and Consumer Brand Choice
Authors: Seggev Eli
Published: November 2018

How do consumers select brands? The author reports on a study in which a new approach to brand choice behavior was tested and shows how it can improve understanding of consumers’ decision processes.
Toward the Analysis of Conflict in Distribution Channels: A Descriptive Model
Authors: Rosenberg Larry J. , Stern Louis W.
Published: November 2018

Little is known about the causes, measurement, management, and consequences of conflict in distribution and its effect on distribution channel performance. This article presents a descriptive model of the variables and interrelationships in the conflict process. The model suggests both a testable framework for researchers and a meaningful perspective for management.
Simultaneous Concept Testing with Computer-controlled Experiments
Authors: Hughes G. David , Guerrero Jose L.
Published: November 2018

One means for reducing the costs and risks associated with developing marketing strategies is simultaneous concept testing. This article explores one technique for simultaneous concept testing—computer-controlled behavioral experiments.
Consumer Protection via Self-regulation
Authors: Stern Louis L.
Published: November 2018

What should be the roles of government, business, and consumers in consumer protection? The author discusses the limitations of government and business in consumer-protection efforts. He also raises the question of whether self-regulation can or should deal with social issues.
Incorporating Ecology into Marketing Strategy: The Case of Air Pollution
Authors: Kassarjian Harold H.
Published: November 2018

A gasoline that claimed to reduce automotive emissions was introduced in a high air pollution area. This article reports the results of a study, completed six weeks after the introduction of the new product. The study examined consumer reaction toward the product and uncovered some of the marketing correlates of attitudes toward air pollution.
Marketing Notes and Communications: Hit: Heuristic Ideation Technique—A Systematic Procedure for New Product Search
Authors: Tauber Edward M.
Published: November 2018

The validity of some commonly used group approaches for generating new product ideas, such as brainstorming, has been questioned by researchers. This article presents a systematic approach for generating product ideas. It is based on a definition of creativity and utilizes an illustration from the food processing industry.
A Profile of Urban In-home Shoppers: The Other Half
Authors: Peters William H. , Ford Neil M.
Published: November 2018

Who are the in-home shoppers? This article looks at door-to-door selling from the customer side, and presents answers that differ from other recently reported work. It also examines personality characteristics of women who buy from door-to-door sales representatives versus those who do not.
Social Class or Income?
Authors: Curtis William W.
Published: November 2018

Research upon the relationship between social class and consumer usage of bank credit cards has produced what appear to be conflicting results. This note questions some of the differences in findings.
Integrating Consumer and In-store Research to Evaluate Sales Results
Authors: Assael Henry , Wilson C. E.
Published: November 2018

How can marketing management better evaluate the effects of in-store conditions on sales while not ignoring the primary catalyst—the consumer? This article reports a study designed to obtain shopper and in-store information from the same research design. Such a design permits a measurement of the interaction between in-store and shopper characteristics as they affect sales.
Race, Alienation and Consumerism
Authors: Pruden Henry O. , Longman Douglas S.
Published: November 2018

This article reports findings of a survey of Anglo-Americans, Mexican-Americans and Blacks which reveal that a positive and significant relationship exists between alienation and belief in government intervention in the marketplace.
An Evaluation of the General Theory of Marketing
Authors: Pinson Christian R. A. , Angelmar Reinhard , Roberto Eduardo L.
Published: November 2018

Readers concerned with marketing theory will find this examination of a previously published critique of “The General Theory of Marketing” of interest.
A Synchronistic Theory of Advertising
Authors: Unwin Stephen
Published: November 2018

The control of time has become an essential requirement for the productive operation of the mass processes of a technological economy. The mass process of advertising, viewed in this technological context, performs a necessary balancing function by synchronizing the process of mass consumption.
Higher Management Risks in Product Strategy
Authors: Staudt Thomas A.
Published: November 2018

The author draws on many years of experience in industry, consulting and education. He discusses the new complexities of the business environment that account for higher risks in product management and strategy. Both risks and penalties for product failure are increasing. Therefore, improving the effectiveness and profitability in product policy and strategy represents new management imperatives.
An Evolutionary Approach to Marketing Information Systems
Authors: Gibson Lawrence D. , Mayer Charles S. , Nugent Christopher E. , Vollmann Thomas E.
Published: November 2018

This article postulates that the ability of an information system to respond to the evolving needs of its users is a necessary ingredient for its success. The concept is exemplified through INF*ACT, an evolving and heavily utilized marketing information system.
Nutrition Labeling for Canned Goods: A Study of Consumer Response
Authors: Asam Edward H. , Bucklin Louis P.
Published: November 2018

Inclusion of a nutrition information panel on each food label may become national policy. Should the nutrition labeling program be voluntary and the labels highly precise? This article explores these issues within the context of a study of consumer attitudes and preferences for basic canned goods.
Black Consumer Perceptions of Food Store Attributes
Authors: Hills Gerald E. , Granbois Donald H. , Patterson James M.
Published: November 2018

Consumer problems of low-income, inner city residents may be the result of both poor performance by marketing institutions and lack of buyer skills and motivation. Although solving these problems depends upon specific knowledge of possible determining factors, research has focused more on retail performance than on buyer behavior. This study explores one aspect of that behavior—the effects of residence, age, and education on black shoppers’ perceptions of food store characteristics.
Marketing's Coming of Age
Authors: Kernan Jerome B.
Published: November 2018

Marketing is a maturing discipline. That it is sometimes difficult to recognize as such may be traced to the variety of perspectives used to approach it. This article identifies three such perspectives—those of managers, critics, and academics. It explains their apparent differences and indicates how they are more complementary than competitive. Recognition of this complementarity is shown to be capable of leading not only to increased order but also to accelerated progress toward marketing maturity.
Deepening the Concept of Marketing
Authors: Enis Ben M.
Published: November 2018

This title may be a bit presumptuous, but it does suggest a pertinent issue—is “broadening the concept of marketing” a useful concept for the discipline? The usefulness of a concept is evaluated in terms of its value in explaining the existence or behavior of phenomena. “Broadening” would be more useful if it were deepened—developed in operational terms and tested in actual marketing situations.
Marketing and Public Policy: A Contemporary View
Authors: Grether E. T.
Published: November 2018

Market structure analysis provides a useful means of relating market competition to contemporary environmental-ecological-political forces.
Price–Product Performance Competition between Retailer and Manufacturer Brands
Authors: Swan John E.
Published: November 2018

To what extent does competition between two major product classes foster a better price-quality relationship for the consumer?
Selecting the Superior Segmentation Correlate
Authors: Hisrich Robert D. , Peters Michael P.
Published: November 2018

Frequency of use of a product and market context offer new perspectives for selecting the superior segmentation correlate.
Tying Agreements in Franchising
Authors: Hunt Shelby D. , Nevin John R.
Published: November 2018

What effects do tying agreements have on the franchise system of distribution?
Marketing Notes and Communications: Territorial Restriction in Distribution Systems: Current Legal Developments
Authors: Burley James R.
Published: November 2018

The recent Coors decision suggests that the use of restrictive distribution practices to promote product quality may be a dangerous strategy.
“Market Share Strategy and the Product Life Cycle”: A Comment
Authors: Fildes Robert , Lofthouse Stephen
Published: November 2018

The original article discussed an important problem—but it was poorly argued and cannot be used by the marketing strategist.
Regulation of Retail Newspaper Advertising
Authors: Krum James R. , Keiser Stephen K.
Published: November 2018

How effective is the regulation of retail newspaper advertising?
Optimizing the Allocation of a Fixed Resource: A Simple Model and Its Experimental Test
Authors: Carroll J. Douglas , Green Paul E. , Desarbo Wayne S.
Published: November 2018

A simple allocation model is developed in which response is assumed to be linear in the logs of the control variables. It is then shown that the optimal allocation of a fixed total resource is proportional to the partial regression weights when the linear-in-logs model is fitted by least squares. The model is tested on subjects’ preferences for alternative allocations of leisure time. Possible applications of the model to general allocation problems are also discussed.
A Model and Methodology for the Development of Consumer Information Programs
Authors: Capon Noel , Lutz Richard J.
Published: November 2018

Consumer information programs can be more effective if they are conceived within a marketing framework which views consumer information as a product to be marketed. A methodology is outlined which can assist consumer information program developers in identifying information needs from the consumer's point of view, rather than the policy maker's.
Attorney Advertising: A Consumer Perspective
Authors: Smith Robert E. , Meyer Tiffany S.
Published: November 2018

Supreme Court decisions that have established the consumer's right to receive commercial speech are reviewed, followed by survey results showing substantial discrepancies between the attorney selection criteria that consumers rate important and those actually used. The ability of professional advertising to reduce this information gap is then discussed.
Salespeople as Researchers: Help or Hazard?
Authors: Fouss James H. , Solomon Elaine
Published: November 2018

This article describes the background, methodology, and results of a pilot study which compared the market research results achieved by airline representatives versus professional interviewers. The study demonstrates that it is difficult for sales representatives to collect unbiased information.
The Marketing of Social Causes: The First 10 Years
Authors: Fox Karen F. A. , Kotler Philip
Published: November 2018

The application of marketing to the promotion of social causes was proposed a decade ago. The authors position social marketing as an approach to social change, describe its evolution, and review social marketing applications and assess their impact.
Developing International Advertising Strategy
Authors: Colvin Michael , Heeler Roger , Thorpe Jim
Published: November 2018

Promotion strategies for a major car company are developed for different international market segments by comparing consumer preferences measured by tradeoff analysis with their perceptions of new and existing products.
A Model of Strategy Mix Choice for Planned Social Change
Authors: Sheth Jagdish N. , Frazier Gary L.
Published: November 2018

The universal strategy approach practiced by change agents is argued to be relatively inefficient and may result in boomerang effects when attempting to motivate planned social change. Based on the concept of attitude-behavior consistency/discrepancy, a model of strategy choice is developed which enables a mix of reinforcement, inducement, rationalization, and confrontation processes. Influence strategies that can be utilized by change agents in facilitating each of the above processes are identified. Results from a study of car pooling behavior are presented to illustrate how a change agent can evaluate which processes should be facilitated in a given planned social change situation.
Advertising Regulation in the 1980s: The Underlying Global Forces
Authors: Boddewyn J. J.
Published: November 2018

Consumer protection is only one of twelve forces that affect the regulation of advertising around the world. New media technologies, the privacy and fairness issues, environmentalism, religion, changing economic conditions, the deregulation movement, and foreign regulatory initiatives will also shape the development of advertising regulation during this decade.
Marketing, Strategic Planning and the Theory of the Firm
Authors: Anderson Paul F.
Published: November 2018

The strategic planning process is inextricably linked with the issue of corporate goal formulation. It is argued that greater progress will be made in understanding marketing's participation in strategic planning if marketing's role in the goal formulation process can be explicated. Unfortunately, the extant theories of the firm are inadequate in varying degrees for this purpose. A new theory of the firm is proposed that attempts to specify the role of marketing and the other functional areas in the goal setting and strategic planning process.
STEMCOM: An Analytical Model for Marketing Control
Authors: Sharma Subhash , Achabal Dale D.
Published: November 2018

Although one of the major objectives of a manager involves controlling strategic marketing plans, there is a dearth of research dealing with the framework for developing control models. This paper presents a steering marketing control model (STEMCOM) and shows how it can be used to monitor performance and provide early warning signals to management.
Industry Export Performance: Assessment and Prediction
Authors: Ayal Igal
Published: November 2018

Identification of industries with strong export potential is an increasingly important planning problem. This paper develops a measure of industry exports performance, investigates the determinants of export potential, and shows that reasonably accurate assessments of export potential can be made on the basis of easily accessible data, prior to actual entry to the field. The paper also compares the identified success determinants for Israeli exports to determinants of import size to the developed countries and U.S. international trade. It is shown that target-market import statistics are viable guidelines for export planning but only when used to supplement relative advantage considerations.
Market Share Liability: A New Doctrine of Causation in Product Liability
Authors: Sheffet Mary Jane
Published: November 2018

The recent decision in Sindell v. Abbott Laboratories et al. established a new doctrine of causation in product liability, “market share liability.” Under this doctrine the manufacturers of the drug DES, if found guilty of the charges of negligence filed against them, would be assessed damages in proportion to their market share even though the plaintiff, Judith Sindell, cannot identify which of those manufacturers produced the drug causing her injury.
Consumer Complaints and Managerial Response: A Holistic Approach
Authors: Resnik Alan J. , Harmon Robert R.
Published: November 2018

An exploratory study examined manager and consumer perceptions of appropriate responses to complaint letters. The responses were analyzed separately and then compared to determine how effectively the managers could deal with consumer requirements. Insights are provided into how to deal more expeditiously and judiciously with complaints.
Legal Developments in Marketing
Authors: Werner Ray O. , Cohen Dorothy , Duggan Michael A. , Griffiths L C. , Hartman George E. , Katz Benjamin J. , Scammon Debra , Tower C. Burk
Published: November 2018

The topical outline of the developments in the legal environment in which marketing functions is presented below. Since only the most important cases as evaluated by the editorial staff are presented, the lack of important cases may lead to the absence of entries under one or more subtopics. For individual items covered, more detailed information may be obtained by reference to the source cited. Reference to CCH is to the Commerce Clearing House's Trade Regulation Reporter; reference to BNA is to the Bureau of National Affairs’ Antitrust & Trade Regulation Report. Contributions by members of the editorial staff are identified by the contributor's surname appearing in the headnote of each specific entry.
Problems and Strategies in Services Marketing
Authors: Zeithaml Valarie A. , Parasuraman A. , Berry Leonard L.
Published: November 2018

This article compares problems and strategies cited in the services marketing literature with those reported by actual service suppliers in a study conducted by the authors. Discussion centers on several broad themes that emerge from this comparison and on guidelines for future work in services marketing.