bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zastosowanie aromaterapii klinicznej w infekcjach intymnych kobiet
Authors: Kuś Jolanta , Partyka Anna , Hamm Dorothea , Thumm Anusati
Published: May 2023

Zastosowanie naturalnych olejków eterycznych o różnorodnym działaniu terapeutycznym stanowi podstawę aromaterapii klinicznej będącej jednym z filarów współczesnej fitoterapii. Wśród udokumentowanej aktywności biologicznej i farmakologicznej naturalnych olejków eterycznych opisane jest również korzystne działanie przeciwbakteryjne i przeciwgrzybicze na mikrobiom pochwy w badaniach in vivo i in vitro. Brak jest jednak współczesnych doniesień wskazującychna związek pomiędzy drobnoustrojami obecnymi w wymazie pochwy, badanym naturalnym olejkiem eterycznym a stanem fizycznym i emocjonalnym probantki. Celem pracy była: (1) analiza wpływu zastosowanych preparatów aromaterapeutycznych na stan ilościowy i jakościowy patogennej flory pochwy jak i (2) analiza stanu fizycznego i samopoczucia psychicznego probantki. Podczas gdy badania ginekologiczne wykazały objawy infekcji bakteryjnej i/lub grzybiczej sromu i pochwy. Materiał wymazowy pobrany z tylnej części pochwy posłużył do szczegółowych badań mikrobiologicznych. W wymazach mikrobiologicznych przed i po zastosowaniu preparatów aromaterapeutycznych oznaczono rodzaj lub szczep patogennych bakterii, drożdżaków jak również wykonano badania ankietowe. Otrzymane wyniki posłużyły do przygotowania preparatów aromaterapeutycznych o różnej formie aplikacji: zarówno na skórę (śluzówkę pochwy i kanał szyjkimacicy) zewnętrznych narządów płciowych jak i dopochwowo. Końcowe badania zaświadczyły o skutecznym przeciwbakteryjnym i przeciwgrzybiczym wpływie preparatów aromaterapeutycznych, w tym dedykowanych naturalnych olejków eterycznych na zaburzenia biocenozy pochwy i na znacząca redukcję dyskomfortu jak i poprawę stanu psychicznego probantki.
Rola brzozy w wierzeniach ludowych oraz w medycynie ludowej i współczesnej fitoterapii
Authors: Groszek Agnieszka , Kaczmarczyk-Sedlak Ilona
Published: May 2023

W artykule przedstawiono sposoby wykorzystywania surowców zielarskich pozyskiwanych z rodzaju Betulae: liść (Betulae folium), korę (Betulae cortex), pączki brzozowe (Betulae gemmae), węgiel drzewny (Betulae carbo), dziegieć (Betulae pix), ksylitol, sok (Betulae succus), a także oskołę, czyli sok wydzielający się z pnia oraz grzyby: błyskoporek podkorowy (Inonotus obliquus) i białoporek brzozowy (Piptoporus betulinus). Opisano ich znaczenie w wierzeniach ludowych oraz rolę jaką odgrywały w ziołolecznictwie ludowym. Na podstawie przeglądu wybranych publikacji naukowych potwierdzono skuteczność terapii stosowanych na przestrzeni wieków oraz lecznicze działanie wspomnianych surowców. Jednocześnie wykazano, iż współczesne projekty badawcze i eksperymenty naukowe poszukują dla nich nowych zastosowań np. poprzez łączenie substancji aktywnych i terapie skojarzone z lekami syntetycznymi.
An Expressivist Strategy to Understand Logical Forms
Authors: Turbanti Giacomo
Published: May 2023

This paper discusses a generalization of logical expressivism. It is shown that, in the wide sense defined here, the expressivist approach is neutral with respect to different theories of inference and offers a natural framework for understanding logical forms and their function. An expressivist strategy for explaining the development of logical forms is then applied to the analysis of Frege’s Begriffsschrift, Gentzen’s sequent calculus and Belnap’s display logic.
Ustawowa konstrukcja i charakter prawny opłaty melioracyjnej
Authors: Ofiarska Małgorzata
Published: May 2023

Celem opracowania jest ustalenie charakteru prawnego opłaty melioracyjnej. W związku z tym poddano analizie i ocenie przepisy ustawy Prawo wodne regulujące jej konstrukcję prawną oraz zasady wymiaru i warunki zapłaty. Wykazano, że scalenie dwóch dotychczas stosowanych opłat, tzn. melioracyjnej i inwestycyjnej, jest w pełni uzasadnione z uwagi na nowy sposób ewidencjonowania urządzeń melioracji wodnych. Regulacje ustawowe dotyczące nowej opłaty melioracyjnej są istotnymi argumentami wskazującymi na niejednorodny jej charakter prawny. W opracowaniu pozytywnie zweryfikowano tezę, że formalnie jest ona opłatą, ale równolegle pełni funkcję dopłaty. Dla właścicieli gruntów zobowiązanych do jej zapłaty stanowi ciężar finansowy ponoszony w związku z korzystaniem z efektów wykonanych urządzeń melioracji wodnych. Jednocześnie wnosząc takie opłaty, właściciele gruntów partycypują w kosztach realizacji tych urządzeń sfinansowanych z publicznych zasobów finansowych. Sposób unormowania opłaty melioracyjnej, zasady jej płatności oraz możliwość przymusowego ściągnięcia zaległych opłat w trybie egzekucji administracyjnej determinują jej uznanie za rodzaj daniny publicznej łączącej w sobie cechy właściwe dla opłat publicznych i dopłat. Wpływy z tych opłat są źródłem dochodów budżetu państwa. W opracowaniu zastosowano metodę dogmatycznoprawną uzupełnioną eksploracją orzecznictwa sądów dotyczącego opłaty melioracyjnej.
O statusie uchwał Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego
Authors: Orłowski Łukasz
Published: May 2023

Niniejsza publikacja określa usytuowanie uchwał Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego, które są zwane „rekomendacjami”, a czasem „wytycznymi”, w systemie źródeł prawa. Autorowi przyświeca cel odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaki jest status prawny uchwał Komisji, jak również, czy Komisja może oprzeć swe władcze rozstrzygnięcia na artykułowanych przez siebie normach? Rozumianych przez autora jako stworzenie przepisu, który Komisja Nadzoru Finansowego będzie egzekwować. Badacz poprzez zastosowanie metody dogmatyczno-prawnej i empiryczno-prawnej rozważa, czy uchwały Komisji Nadzoru Finansowego możemy zaliczyć do form normatywnego działania administracji, czy mieszczą się one w dychotomicznym podziale źródeł prawa? Czy „rekomendacje” są prawnie wiążące dla podmiotów rynku finansowego? Wreszcie autor analizuje, czy Komisja posiada expressis verbis kompetencje do tworzenia „rekomendacji”, które to następnie w formie imperatywnej adresuje do sektora ubezpieczeniowego, oczekując ich implementacji. Czy też organ nadzoru przywłaszcza sobie uprawnienia innych organów, stosując wykładnię legalną przepisów? Na sam koniec badań o charakterze dogmatycznym autor postara się odpowiedzieć na pytanie, w jakim celu Komisja Nadzoru Finansowego wydaje „rekomendacje”?
Historiografia filozofii w starożytności
Authors: Kutkiewicz Jacek
Published: May 2023

W drugiej części artykułu kontynuowany jest wywód podjęty w części pierwszej. Omówione zostają wybrane fragmenty pism Arystotelesa, w których Stagiryta odwołuje się do poglądów dawniejszych myślicieli, dokonuje klasyfikacji owych opinii, odróżnia filozofów od wczesnych poetów oraz dzieli tych pierwszych na bardziej i mniej wnikliwych. Zarysowane są następnie sformułowane przez niego reguły metodologiczne, które zalecały autorom brać pod uwagę szereg dostępnych opinii na temat badanych problemów. Do przedstawienia poglądów w uporządkowany sposób oraz ukazania panującej wśród myślicieli zgody bądź niezgody w danych kwestiach Arystoteles stosuje metodę schematycznych podziałów. W dalszej kolejności omówione zostają główne rodzaje starożytnej literatury związane z zagadnieniem, jakiemu poświęcony jest artykuł. Pierwszym z nich jest doksografia. Omówiona zostaje m.in. hipoteza Hermanna Dielsa, który ukuł tę nazwę, oraz jej współczesna rewizja, dokonana przez Jaapa Mansfelda oraz Davida T. Runię. Następnie omówione zostają kolejno: dzieła traktujące o szkołach filozoficznych (charakterystyczny dla tego gatunku schemat polega na podkreślaniu różnic pomiędzy doktrynami szkół filozoficznych, ale także między poglądami poszczególnych ich członków), sukcesje (nacisk położony jest tutaj na kontynuowanie danej tradycji czy doktryn przez kolejnych myślicieli) oraz biografie. Artykuł zamyka omówienie traktatu Diogenesa Laertiosa, który łączy wymienione gatunki.
Korpus XIX w. Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego i IJP PAN
Authors: Łaziński Marek , Górski Rafał L. , Woźniak Michał
Published: May 2023

CORPUS OF THE 19TH CENTURY OF THE WARSAW UNIVERSITY AND IJP PAN
The article describes a historical corpus which documents the 19th and early 20th century. The corpus was created as part of a research grant whose objective was to investigate the development of the aspectual system of Polish in the last 250 years against the background of Czech and Russian. An important resource for this investigation was a database of aspectual triplets, which, in turn, was based on materials such as text corpora. Since there was no large corpus of the 19th and early 20th century available, there was a need to bridge this gap. In the course of the project, such corpus was made and it is now publicly accessible with no restrictions. This comprehensive corpus contains over 12 million contemporary words. Its texts originate from major Polish virtual libraries. It is POS-tagged with a tagger dedicated for 19th century texts. A web-based concordancer, an adjusted version of ParaVoz, allows for querying the corpus. The queries may be constrained by metadata.
Better to Give Than to Receive: Impact of Adding a Donation Scheme to Reward-Based Crowdfunding Campaigns
Authors: Chan Jason , Huang Zihong , Liu De , Cai Zhigang
Published: May 2023

The choice funding scheme is an important design dimension in crowdfunding for which platforms should not assume that they are restricted to the use of one funding scheme. In particular, we find that the addition of a donation scheme can increase the success rate of reward campaigns substantially, especially those with prosocial causes. In addition, the donation received is found to have a crowd-in effect on subsequent contributions. To get the most out of donation schemes, crowdfunding sites should provide features that help backers locate reward campaigns for prosocial causes, for example, by providing tags or search filters related to prosocial causes. Second, campaign owners should take steps to highlight the prosocial aspects of their crowdfunding campaign, for example, by revising campaign descriptions to include prosocial keywords/tags. Third, campaign owners should play a more active role in encouraging early donations to enjoy the crowd-in effect that could help their campaigns reach the targeted funding amount. Specifically, the owner’s direct social network is a potentially good source for soliciting these early donations. Relatedly, the campaign owners could benefit by spreading the word about the early donations they receive so as to generate a greater crowd-in effect at later phases of the crowdfunding process.
In the end, it’s our future that’s going to be changed: Enquiring about the environment with freedom and responsibility
Authors: Lockrobin Grace Clare
Published: May 2023

The environmental crisis—because of its complexity, urgency, unpredictability, and scale—requires a defence of the educational role of philosophy and an account of how to implement philosophical pedagogy in the exploration of environmental issues. This is the aim of this paper. As we face an uncertain future, all educators must consider what knowledge and “know-how” young people need, and what kind of people they need to become, if they are to survive and thrive in this changing world. Philosophical educators cannot assume the ongoing utility of their practice, nor can they expect that their practice should remain the same.  In the context of the current crisis, the philosophical exploration of emerging environmental issues raises challenges for those who work in the spirit of Community of Enquiry and these challenges require both discipline and flexibility from practitioners and participants. This paper outlines some of the adaptations that I have used to try and respond flexibly to this predicament. But I also defend an issue on which I believe philosophical educators should hold the line—namely the importance of being non-directive on matters that are philosophically contentious.  I defend the view that despite the existential nature of this emergency and its profound urgency, it is not the role of philosophical educators to convince or coerce philosophical learners to adopt particular views on the philosophical questions that this crisis raises. This is because all philosophical enquiry involves creating an environment of freedom and responsibility with respect to what participants believe to be right and true and what they do as a result. Participants in enquiry must be epistemically free to explore and evaluate philosophical questions as they see fit, but they must also be epistemically responsible for the evidence and arguments on which their provisional judgements rest. Equally, participants in enquiry must be ethically free to respond to philosophical problems in ways that express and cultivate their authentic character and commitments, but they remain ethically responsible for their true motivations, their professed values and for the real-life consequences of their words and actions, and their silences and inaction. This paper explores some ways to optimise freedom and responsibility in all forms of philosophical enquiry, drawing specifically on examples of my work with young people on philosophically contentious environmental issues. These examples also highlight some of the adaptations that I have developed to address the challenges that environmental enquiry brings.
ÁRVORES, FAMÍLIAS, RUAS, RIOS, FLORESTAS E PRAÇAS NO MUSEU DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA: ENTRELAÇAMENTOS EPISTEMOLÓGICOS / Trees, families, streets, rivers, forests and public squares in the museum of portuguese language: epistemological entanglements
Authors: Mizan Souzana , Ferraz Daniel De Mello
Published: May 2023

Inspirados em nossos estudos sobre os letramentos visuais, a pergunta que buscamos responder neste texto é: quais imagens ou ideias da nação emergem a partir da exposição sobre a língua portuguesa e as línguas indígenas do Museu da Língua Portuguesa (MLP)? Para responde-la, desenvolvemos cinco seções: a primeira, descreve, valoriza e destaca a linguagem inclusiva e a acessibilidade de corpos no espaço do museu. Na segunda e terceira seções, com foco epistemológico, discutimos a exposição permanente, propondo um passeio pelas ruas, praças e becos do museu e suas instalações em forma de árvores, famílias e raízes etimológicas. A quarta parte do texto focaliza a exposição temporária “Nhe'ẽ Porã: Memória e Transformação” em que discutimos perspectivas sobre a língua portuguesa a partir das epistemologias do Sul (SANTOS, 2018) dos povos indígenas e quilombolas. A quinta seção propõe um movimento autocrítico e discute uma prática pedagógica e cultural, com base na educação linguística em língua inglesa, realizada no MLP com nossos alunos da Universidade de São Paulo em 2022.
ENTRELAÇAMENTOS CRÍTICOS NA EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA / CALL FOR PAPERS: CRITICAL ENTANGLEMENTS IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Authors: Jorge Miriam , Takaki Nara Hiroko , Pessoa Rosane Rocha , Mizan Souzana
Published: May 2023

Apresentação Dossiê 27 ENTRELAÇAMENTOS CRÍTICOS NA EDUCAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA / CALL FOR PAPERS: CRITICAL ENTANGLEMENTS IN LANGUAGE EDUCATION
Technological aspects of dental education: will we still be reading a paper journal in 50 years?
Authors: Walmsley Damien A , Silva Marco Antonio Dias da
Published: May 2023

Change has become the norm and with the digital revolution we are seeing the demise of the printed word. Dentistry is a pictorial subject, but will pictures in a textbook or journal be surpassed by accessing digital ones on a screen? This article reviews the rapidly changing access and reading of dental publications. An argument is that the ease of access to electronic material, such as video and podcasts, may make traditional paper-based publications obsolete. Already dentistry is seeing such changes take place. With such revolutions come challenges. Misinformation is much easier to generate, and the evidence base may be diluted. Furthermore artificial intelligence is now able to produce text and papers that will make it more difficult to critically review the dental content on offer. The future will bring many challenges and this article provides an opinion on what dentistry might expect.

CPD/Clinical Relevance: There are challenges posed by the increasing use of digital resources for information and how this might impact dental knowledge.
5E Öğrenme Modelinin Türkiye’deki Öğrencilerin Matematik Başarısına Etkisi: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması
Authors: ÇELAPKULU Mehmet Fatih , ÇELİK Halil Coşkun
Published: May 2023

Bu araştırmada 5E öğrenme modelinin öğrencilerin matematik başarısı üzerindeki etkisini inceleyen çalışmaların sonuçlarını meta-analizle birleştirerek elde edilen bulguların değerlendirilmesiyle kapsamlı bir sonuca ulaşmak amaçlanmıştır. Türkiye’de 2007-2022 yılları arasında yapılmış 5E öğrenme modeline dayalı öğrenmenin matematik başarısı üzerindeki etkisini konu alan lisansüstü tezler ve makaleler taranarak 20 çalışma (13 yüksek lisans tezi, dört doktora tezi, üç makale) meta-analize alınmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde, 5E öğrenme modelinin matematik başarısı üzerinde ders kitabına dayalı mevcut öğretim yöntemine kıyasla pozitif etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan moderatör analizi sonucunda, 5E öğrenme modelinin öğrencilerin matematik başarısı üzerindeki etkisinde örneklem büyüklüğü açısından anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuş, yayın türü, öğretim kademesi, uygulama süresi, desen türü ve öğrenme alanı yönünden anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak 5E öğrenme modelinin öğrencilerin matematik başarısını geliştirmede etkili bir öğrenme modeli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda 5E öğrenme modelinin öğrencilerin matematik başarısını geliştirme bağlamında derslerde kullanılması için öğretmenlerin daha fazla teşvik edilmesi önerilebilir.
A Blockchain-based MQTT Protocol Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Ju Yun , Gao Wei , Zhang Lixia
Published: May 2023

The communication protocol is an important support to realize the communication between equipment and Internet. And it covers all aspects of the IoT (Internet of things) system. To address the security problem of forging or tampering of key data in traditional IoT protocols, this paper designs an improved MQTT (message queue telemetry transmission) protocol that uses blockchain technology to ensure the security of transmitted data in the process of data transmission. Because the information in the blockchain is not tamperable, which in turn ensures that data stored in brokers are not maliciously tampered with. Through simulation experiments, it is proved that this scheme is lightweight, efficient and easy to implement, which helps to protect the security of IoT data.
Adaptive Feature Point Image Registration Algorithm with Added Spatial Constraint Model
Authors: Zhou Xiao , Yu Songlin , Wang Jijun , Chen Yuhua , Li Fangyuan , Li Yan
Published: May 2023

Image data with different spectral features contain different attribute information of a target, which is naturally complementary and can provide more comprehensive and detailed features after registration and fusion. Image registration methods based on point features have the advantages of high speed and precision, and have been widely used in visible light image registration. For registration of multiscale images and those with different spectral characteristics, the precision of these methods is affected by such factors as complex gradient variation. To this end, we add a spatial constraint model to point feature image registration, and improve the method from the aspects of feature point selection, registration, and image conversion parameter calculation. The method is applied to different types of image registration programs, and the results show that it can effectively improve the registration accuracy of multiscale images with different spectral characteristics.
Research on Adaptive Fault Diagnosis Control System of Audio Management Component Environment of Airborne Electronic Equipment
Authors: Xie Xiaomin , Gui Shuguo , Dou Renwei , Du Xuanfu
Published: May 2023

The system adopts adaptive control, and the controller of audio management component is directly applied to the controlled object. Through online calculation, the model is identified online by using the dynamic characteristics of the object, and the relationship between input and output variables is expressed. It can be corrected by entering and leaving data, which is actually to correct the controller. The initial rules of the controller are composed of default models. Through continuous self-reasoning learning, the controller is optimized to achieve data tracking, fast convergence, strong anti-interference ability and excellent performance. Combining intelligent control with adaptive technology not only expands the scope of adaptive system, but also provides an effective way for intelligent control. The environmental adaptive diagnostic control system uses adaptive technology to adjust the parameters, data and knowledge base of the controller. The system detects IO signal, AD signal and the status data sent by the sub-unit through the internal CAN bus according to the power-on self-check of the unit, and at the same time, it monitors all the status data in real time during the operation, judges the operation of each sub-component, gives an alarm in time and carries out protection control. Through the design of integrated detection module, the overall installation space of detection sensors is reduced, signal interfaces and connecting cables are reduced, and the overall adaptive diagnosis effect can be improved. Through the data recording and storage function, the system stores the operation information of each subunit, compares it with the built-in health data table, and prompts the maintenance information in time.
The Assistant and Feature of China Medical Board(CMB) in Korea in the 1950s-70s: Focusing on the Annual Reports of CMB
Authors: SHIN Miyoung
Published: May 2023

This study analyzes the annual reports of CMB in order to examine CMB’s assistance of Korea. CMB originally assisted medical education in China, and it turned to assist Asia with changes in the international situation. This paper examines three periods spanning from 1953 to 1980 when Korea received CMB assist. The first period was from 1953 to 1962, when Korea received help with material resources that were lacking after the Korean War. The second period was from 1963 to 1972 during which the scale of assistance further expanded. Additionally, Seoul National University began to have human resources with the necessary support for education and research with the assistance from CMB. The third period was from 1973 to 1980, when the CMB newly established the overall direction of aid, the contents of assistance for Korea also changed. Throughout this period, Korean medicine was able to lay the foundation for independence, and public health, including community medicine, came to be considered as an important aspect of society.
2022 JOSA A Emerging Researcher Best Paper Prize: editorial
Authors: Testorf Markus , Avramov-Zamurovic Svetlana , Cai Yangjian , Petruccelli Jonathan , Ronen Roi , Korotkova Olga
Published: May 2023

JOSA A Editor-in-Chief Olga Korotkova, Deputy Editor Markus Testorf,
and the members of the 2022 Emerging Researcher Best Paper Prize
Committee announce the recipient of the 2022 prize for the best paper
published by an emerging researcher in the Journal.
Berreman type perfect absorber based on epsilon near zero material gallium doped zinc oxide
Authors: Chen Kuan-An , Liang Sen , Zheng Jun , Han Chengcan , Zhang Yueguang , Lin Lei , Ye Hui
Published: May 2023

Optical performances of epsilon near zero (ENZ) material gallium doped zinc oxide (GZO) can be effectively tuned by modulating substrate types, substrate heating temperatures, as well as post-annealing procedures. Four GZO film samples with imaginary part of permittivity at their ENZ wavelengths of εENZ

′′
 = 0.26, 0.32, 0.50, 0.68 were deposited with radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology, all samples could reach perfect absorption at a certain incident angle and wavelength. A smaller εENZ

′′
of GZO film provides narrower bandwidth of near perfect absorption peak (higher Q-factor), while a larger εENZ

′′
tends to have a broader bandwidth. Furthermore, the incident angle allowed to achieve perfect absorption is also influenced by εENZ

′′
of GZO films. To realize near perfect absorption (reflectivity below 5%), larger εENZ

′′
provides a wider near perfect absorption window (Δθ); smaller εENZ

′′
tends to have an easier condition to achieve perfect absorption.
Surpassing Cyphochilus scales in optical scattering strength by well-controlled electrospun nanostructures: errata
Authors: Park Bo Kyung , Han Sang M. , Han Sang Eon
Published: May 2023

Two typographical corrections are made for our recently published paper [Opt. Mater. Express 12(7), 2529 (2022)10.1364/OME.462592]. The results, discussion, and conclusion of the paper are unaffected.
Nonlinear wave equation for wavelength/polarization multiplexed signals in fiber transmission
Authors: Inoue Kyo , Igarashi Koji
Published: May 2023

Wavelength/polarization division multiplexing (WDM/PDM) schemes are standardly employed in trunk transmission systems, for which fiber nonlinearity is a serious problem. Generally, the signal transmission characteristics suffering from fiber nonlinearity have been analyzed using the nonlinear Schrödinger equation or the Manakov equation, which was originally presented for single-channel transmission. Therefore, when they are applied to WDM systems, the polarization states of each wavelength light are assumed to be identical, which is not fit to long-haul transmissions wherein the polarization states of WDM signals randomly and independently vary during the fiber transmission. Considering such conditions in WDM/PDM transmission systems, this paper presents a nonlinear wave equation for WDM/PDM signal transmission, which describes the signal behavior in systems where the polarization states of each WDM light are fully random and independent. A formula modified from the Manakov equation is derived using the polarization state coordinate of each signal light in WDM/PDM systems.
Loss of transcriptional heterogeneity in aged human muscle stem cells
Authors: Barruet Emilie , Striedinger Katharine , Marangoni Pauline , Pomerantz Jason H.
Published: May 2023

Age-related loss of muscle mass and function negatively impacts healthspan and lifespan. Satellite cells function as muscle stem cells in muscle maintenance and regeneration by self-renewal, activation, proliferation and differentiation. These processes are perturbed in aging at the stem cell population level, contributing to muscle loss. However, how representation of subpopulations within the human satellite cell pool change during aging remains poorly understood. We previously reported a comprehensive baseline of human satellite cell (Hu-MuSCs) transcriptional activity in muscle homeostasis describing functional heterogenous human satellite cell subpopulations such as CAV1+ Hu-MUSCs. Here, we sequenced additional satellite cells from new healthy donors and performed extended transcriptomic analyses with regard to aging. We found an age-related loss of global transcriptomic heterogeneity and identified new markers (CAV1, CXCL14, GPX3) along with previously described ones (FN1, ITGB1, SPRY1) that are altered during aging in human satellite cells. These findings describe new transcriptomic changes that occur during aging in human satellite cells and provide a foundation for understanding functional impact.
Evaluation of central bank independence, macroprudential policy, and credit gap in developing countries
Authors: Anwar Cep Jandi , Hall Stephen G. , Harb Nermeen , Suhendra Indra , Purwanda Eka
Published: May 2023

This study aims to examine whether Central Bank Independence (CBI) and Macroprudential Policy (MAPP) are capable of assisting the improvement of stability in the financial system, regarding the credit gap for 20 developing markets from 2000 to 2021. To examine this financial association, a panel threshold nonlinear model was implemented, based on the potentially time-varying influence of the CBI and MAPP index on the credit gap. The effects of this relationship also emphasized the CBI degree, whose greater level often stabilized the financial sector better. In this case, a stronger effect is commonly prioritized when CBI is below its trend. Based on the analysis, the selected experimental countries were categorized into two groups. The results showed that the nations with a higher CBI degree had greater stability in the financial system. Tighter MAPP also improved financial stability when CBI was below its trend. However, it did not enhance stability when CBI was more than the threshold level.
In-feed nutritional additive probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii RC009 can substitute for prophylactic antibiotics and improve the production and health of weaning pigs
Authors: Parada Julián , Magnoli Alejandra , Isgro Maite Corti , Poloni Valeria , Fochesato Analía , Martínez María Pía , Carranza Alicia , Cavaglieri Lilia
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim: Non-therapeutic antibiotic use is associated with the current decrease in antibiotic therapeutic efficiency and the emergence of a wide range of resistant strains, which constitutes a public health risk. This study aimed to evaluate the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii RC009 as a nutritional feed additive to substitute the prophylactic use of antibiotics and improve the productive performance and health of post-weaning piglets.

Materials and Methods: Four regular nutritional phases were prepared. Post-weaning pigs (21-70 days old) received one of two dietary treatments: T1-basal diet (BD-control group) with in-feed antibiotics as a prophylactic medication (one pulse of Tiamulin in P3 and one pulse of Amoxicillin in P4); and T2-BD without in-feed antibiotics but with Saccharomyces boulardii RC009 (1 × 1012 colony forming unit/T feed). The feed conversion ratio (FCR), total weight gain (TWG-kg), and daily weight gain (DWG-kg) were determined. A post-weaning growth index (GI) was calculated and animals (160 days old) from each treatment were analyzed at the abattoir after sacrifice for carcass weight and respiratory tract lesions.

Results: Pigs consuming probiotics had higher TWG and DWG than the control group. The group of animals with low body weight obtained the same results. Saccharomyces boulardii administration decreased diarrhea, and FCR reduction was related to a GI improvement. A significant increase in carcass weight and muscle thickness reduction was observed in animals received the probiotic post-weaning.

Conclusion: Saccharomyces boulardii RC009, a probiotic additive, was found to improve the production parameters of pigs post-weaning and enhance their health status, indicating that it may be a promising alternative to prophylactic antibiotics.

Keywords: nutritional feed additive, post-weaning pig, prophylactic antibiotics, Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii RC009.
Dependence of economic growth on government expenditure by function in the Baltic states
Authors: Dudzevičiūtė Gitana
Published: May 2023

The aim of this research is to examine the dependence of economic growth on government spending by function in the Baltic countries – Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. The author has used total expenditure and composition approaches to explore the relationship between the variables. The investigation covers the period from 1996 to 2020. The author has employed descriptive statistics and econometric techniques, including automatic linear modelling (ALM). The study's insights reveal that the growth of the Latvian and Estonian economies depends on general government spending. This dependence is similar in both countries, that is, 62.8% in Latvia and 66.5% in Estonia. In Lithuania, 57.7% of fluctuations in economic growth are explained by spending on social protection. In Latvia, the influence of spending on social protection and economic affairs amounts to 63.4% of economic growth. In Estonia, spending on social protection and health explains 78.1% of the fluctuations in economic growth. The findings of the study may be useful in ensuring a more efficient allocation of government finances in the Baltic states.
The influence of quaternary ammonium salts on mechanical properties of light-cured resin dental composites
Authors: Zalega Maja , Nowak Joanna , Bociong Kinga
Published: May 2023

The composite consisting of a mixture of bis-GMA/UDMA/HEMA/TEGDMA monomers forming a polymer matrix filled with silanized silica (45 wt%) was modified with CTAB or DODAB quaternary ammonium salts (0.5‒2.0 wt%). The hardness, flexural strength and diametrical tensile strength of the composite before and after modification were tested. The type and amount of salt affect the hardness, flexural strength and shrinkage stress, but it does not affect the diametrical tensile strength of the tested composites.
Desarrollo profesional docente: Facilitadores y barreras a partir de la carrera docente en Chile
Authors: Carrasco-Aguilar Claudia , Ortiz Sebastián , Verdejo Tabisa , Soto Alexandra
Published: May 2023

En distintos países de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), el desarrollo profesional docente, especialmente la formación inicial y continua ha sido considerado relevante para la mejora educativa. En Chile, el sistema de desarrollo profesional docente se ha vinculado a la carrera docente, asociando reconocimiento económico con resultados y desempeño del profesorado. Este sistema basado en rendición de cuentas no considera las trayectorias del profesorado como un aprendizaje situado y colectivo. Este estudio se centra en describir y analizar los facilitadores y barreras para el desarrollo profesional docente, en el marco de una carrera docente bajo un modelo de rendición de cuentas con altas consecuencias (high stakes accountability). Se realizó un estudio cualitativo, en el cual se entrevistaron a 30 profesores desde un enfoque narrativo. En el análisis de contenido realizado, se identificaron como facilitadores la posibilidad de reflexionar sobre la propia práctica y poder ser reconocidos a través del incentivo económico. Las barreras identificadas se relacionan con la escasa validación y descontextualización de la evaluación docente, se cuestionan las consecuencias punitivas y la ausencia de un enfoque formativo. Lo anterior muestra la valoración profesional y la necesidad de un cambio en una estructura para el mejoramiento continuo, por sobre las consecuencias salariales.
On the inverse Collatz-Sinogowitz irregularity problem
Authors: Alazemi Abdullah , Anđelić Milica , Dimitrov Darko
Published: May 2023

The Collatz-Sinogowitz irregularity index is the oldest known numerical measure of graph irregularity. For a simple and connected graph

G

G

of order

n

n

and size

m

m

, it is defined as

CS

(

G

)

=

λ

1

−
2
m

/

n
,

\hspace{0.1em}\text{CS}\hspace{0.1em}\left(G)={\lambda }_{1}-2m\hspace{0.1em}\text{/}\hspace{0.1em}n,

where

λ

1

{\lambda }_{1}

is the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of

G

G

, and

2
m

/

n

2m\hspace{0.1em}\text{/}\hspace{0.1em}n

is the average vertex degree of

G

G

. Here, the Collatz-Sinogowitz inverse irregularity problem is studied. For every integer

i
≥
0

i\ge 0

, it is shown that there exists a graph

G

G

such that

CS

(

G

)

=
i

\hspace{0.1em}\text{CS}\hspace{0.1em}\left(G)=i

. Also, for every interval

I

i

=

(

i
,
i
+
1

)

{I}_{i}=\left(i,i+1)

, it is shown that there are infinitely many graphs whose Collatz-Sinogowitz irregularity lies in

I

i

{I}_{i}

.
Nano-shaping of chiral photons
Authors: Sunaba Yuji , Ide Masaki , Takei Ryo , Sakai Kyosuke , Pin Christophe , Sasaki Keiji
Published: May 2023

Localized surface plasmon polaritons can confine the optical field to a single-nanometer-scale area, strongly enhancing the interaction between photons and molecules. Theoretically, the ultimate enhancement might be achieved by reducing the “photon size” to the molecular extinction cross-section. In addition, desired control of electronic transitions in molecules can be realized if the “photon shape” can be manipulated on a single-nanometer scale. By matching the photon shape with that of the molecular electron wavefunction, optically forbidden transitions can be induced efficiently and selectively, enabling various unconventional photoreactions. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of forming single-nanometer-scale, highly intense fields of optical vortices using designed plasmonic nanostructures. The orbital and spin angular momenta provided by a Laguerre–Gaussian beam are selectively transferred to the localized plasmons of a metal multimer structure and then confined into a nanogap. This plasmonic nano-vortex field is expected to fit the molecular electron orbital shape and spin with the corresponding angular momenta.
High spatiotemporal resolved imaging of ultrafast control of nondiffracting surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Hu Hanmin , Ji Boyu , Wang Lun , Lang Peng , Xu Yang , Zhao Zhenlong , Song Xiaowei , Lin Jingquan
Published: May 2023

Nondiffracting Bessel surface plasmon polariton (SPP) beams, which have unique self-healing, non-divergence, and linear transmission properties, have charming applications in plasmonic devices and on-chip interconnection circuits. Here we first realize, to the best of our knowledge, the ultrafast control and imaging of the Bessel SPP pulse on the nano-femto scale in the experiment. We demonstrate ultrafast control of Bessel SPP pulse switching by controlling the instantaneous polarization state of the excitation light. Moreover, this variation process is directly mapped on the nano-femto scale by time-resolved two-color photoemission electron microscopy. The results are well reproduced by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The current study of ultrafast control and spatiotemporally imaging the switching process establishes an experimental paradigm for revealing the complex mechanisms in ultrafast control of nondiffracting SPP and are useful for developing high-speed, highly-integrated nanophotonic devices, and on-chip circuits.
Das Betroffensein von Demut
Authors: Puchta Jonas
Published: May 2023

In begrifflicher Hinsicht hat die Demut nicht nur in der Öffentlichkeit, sondern auch innerhalb der Theologie und Philosophie an Aufmerksamkeit gewonnen. Auf phänomenologischer Grundlage untersucht der Beitrag einschlägige Erfahrungen des Menschseins, die eine Definition erlauben und nahelegen, was mit „Demut“ gegenwärtig gemeint sein könnte. Der analysierte Zusammenhang von Gefühl und Normativität möchte verdeutlichen, inwiefern die Betroffenen auch über die ausschlaggebenden Erlebnisse hinaus die Demut langfristig in ihre Lebensführung einfließen lassen. Die Ausführungen berühren dabei ein ähnliches Begriffsverständnis, wie es zum Beispiel Schleiermacher, Ritschl, Herrmann oder Otto vorgetragen haben, aber möchten zugleich zeigen, inwiefern man die Demut auch anders als im traditionell christlichen Sinne verstehen könnte. Die Untersuchung legt eine alternative phänomenologische Lesart vor, die dem fruchtbaren theologischen Diskurs eine fundierte Analyse von Erfahrungen zur Unterstützung anbieten möchte.
Endoscopic resection of gastric glomus tumor: a case report and literature review
Authors: Dong Xinqian , Zhao Jiting , Sun Zhen
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Gastric glomus tumor (GGT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor, mostly located in the gastric antrum region, and occasionally displays malignant behavior. Due to the lack of typical endoscopic or clinical features that distinguish GGT from other gastric submucosal tumors, the diagnosis is based primarily on postoperative histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The first-line treatment is either local laparoscopic resection or open surgical intervention. Endoscopic resection techniques can also be used to successfully treat such lesions.

Case presentation

This case report presented a 39-year-old woman suffering from anorexia for the past 15 days. Barium upper gastrointestinal radiography suggested a benign space-occupying lesion in the antrum region. Endoscopically, a non-ulcerative, smooth submucosal lesion was observed in the greater curvature of the antrum. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) examination revealed a hypoechoic lesion with an anechoic zone in the center, originating from the muscularis propria layer of the stomach wall, which could be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

Conclusions

The lesion was successfully removed via submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER). Based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the patient was diagnosed with GGT.
Hollow microgels and their hybrids: classification, synthesis, characterization, properties and applications
Authors: Hassan Ahmad , Sajid Iqra , Akmal Muhammad , Aslam Muniba , Roy Prashun Ghosh , Zhou Shuiqin , Irfan Ahmad , Shahid Muhammad , Begum Robina , Farooqi Zahoor H.
Published: May 2023

Hollow microgels and their hybrids have gained much attention in modern-day research because of their fascinating properties and potential applications. This article gives classification, preparation methods, properties and applications of hollow microgels and their hybrids in modern research. Some of the hollow microgels and their hybrids respond to change in specific environmental stimuli like pH, ionic strength and temperature of the medium. They are called smart polymer hollow microgels and smart hybrid microgels, respectively. This peculiar behaviour makes them a suitable candidate for their use in drug delivery, sensing, catalysis and many other fields. This review represents the current advancement along with future perspectives and suggestions for further research in this particular area.
HER2-targeting Peptide Drug Conjugate with Better Penetrability for Effective Breast Cancer Therapy
Authors: Liang Yixia , Lei Rong , Tan Jiabao , Fang Junyue , Yu Lin , Tan Shiyu , Nie Yan , Jiang Qiongchao , Xiao Xiaoyun , Saw Phei Er
Published: May 2023

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have the following advantages: target specificity; wide therapeutic index; and prolonged circulation half-life. A key limitation of ADCs, however, is the large size (~150 kDa), which markedly slows diffusion through the interstitium of solid tumors and prevents efficient penetration. To address the size issue of ADCs in targeted drug delivery, we developed a HER2-targeting peptide-mertansine conjugate (HER2-TPMC) and conducted a head-to-head comparison with HER2-targeting antibody-mertansine conjugate (HER2-TAMC) as a possible alternative for high-penetration breast cancer therapeutics. As expected, a pharmacokinetic (PK) assay revealed that HER2-TP had lower levels persisting in the circulation after 1 h (~75%) compared to 85% of HER2-targeting antibody (HER2-TA). The cellular cytotoxic effect of HER2-TPMC was similar to HER2-TAMC in the HER2+ BT474 breast cancer cell line, thus demonstrating similar bioactivity of both conjugates. HER2-TPMC not only revealed higher uptake and specificity in in vitro 3D spheroid cultures compared to the parental drug, mertansine, but HER2-TPMC also had a significant retention in the spheroids. This finding was in stark contrast to HER2-TAMC, a large-sized conjugate which was not able to penetrate the spheroid barrier, thus resulting minimal penetration. In vivo tumoral uptake in a BT474 orthotopic model indicated increased tumor uptake and penetration of HER2-TP compared to parental drug and HER2-TAMC. To summarize, we successfully developed a HER2-targeting peptide-mertansine conjugate with specific cellular uptake that resulted in longer retention times in vitro and in vivo. HER2-TPMC (~5 kDa in size) exhibited rapid tissue penetration and enhanced tumoral uptake and retention in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, HER2-TPMC is a reasonable alternative for HER2-positive cancer chemotherapeutics.
Digital Transformation Analysis in the Manufacturing Module in Aluminium Companies using the TAM Method
Authors: Saifunnasrullah Arif , Budiman Kholiq
Published: May 2023

This research was conducted to identify the factors affecting the success of digital transformation through the use of the manufacturing module in aluminum companies. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) method was used to measure technology acceptance through the use of the manufacturing module with variables of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), and perceived risk (PR) that affect the behavioral intention of use (BIU) at PT. Allure Allumunio and the success of digital transformation were measured through descriptive analysis. The sample was taken using the entire population with a total of 50 manufacturing module users. The collected data was analyzed using Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0.8 software. A total of 48 respondents with valid data were obtained and validity and reliability tests were performed, resulting in valid and reliable instruments. The R-square, Q-square, and t-test were used to analyze the proposed hypothesis. The results showed that three hypotheses were accepted: PU > BIU, PEOU > BIU, and PEOU > PU, and one hypothesis was rejected: PR > BIU because risk did not have a significant impact on the behavior intention of technology acceptance. Additionally, the analysis of digital transformation success was conducted with results showing an increase in company productivity and a decrease in risk, marked by an increase in units received on time after digital transformation and a 78% level of adaptation satisfaction. The conclusion is that technology acceptance was achieved through perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, as well as increased productivity, level of adaptation satisfaction, and decreased risk, which are factors contributing to the success of the digital transformation.
Regression from stage 3 to stage 2 type 1 diabetes mellitus after discontinuing growth hormone therapy
Authors: Fischer Micah A , Elmahmudi Ghada A , Goldsweig Bracha K , Elrokhsi Salaheddin H
Published: May 2023

Multiple research studies address the anti-insulinemic effect of growth hormone (GH). We report a case of a patient with anterior hypopituitarism on GH replacement who later developed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy was discontinued at the time of growth completion. Because of significantly improved glycemic control, this patient was weaned off subcutaneous insulin. He regressed from stage 3 to stage 2 T1DM and remained in this status for at least 2 years and until the writing of this paper. The diagnosis of T1DM was established based on relatively low C-peptide and insulin levels for the degree of hyperglycemia as well as seropositivity of zinc transporter antibody and islet antigen-2 antibody. Additional laboratory data obtained 2 months after discontinuing rhGH revealed improved endogenous insulin secretion. This case report calls attention to the diabetogenic effect of GH therapy in the setting of T1DM. It also demonstrates the possibility of regression from stage 3 T1DM requiring insulin therapy to stage 2 T1DM with asymptomatic dysglycemia after discontinuing rhGH.

Learning points

Given the diabetogenic effect of growth hormone, blood glucose levels should be monitored in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) on insulin therapy and recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) replacement.

Clinicians should closely monitor for risk of hypoglycemia after discontinuing rhGH among T1DM patients who are on insulin treatment.

The discontinuation of rhGH in the setting of T1DM may cause regression of symptomatic T1DM to asymptomatic dysglycemia requiring no insulin treatment.