bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Артеріовенозна фістула для гемодіалізу: сучасні рекомендації та стратегії догляду
Authors: Vildanov S.R. , Nykonenko A.O. , Gubka V.O. , Budaghov R.I.
Published: February 2024

Наявність постійного судинного доступу є запорукою успішного лікування пацієнтів з термінальною нирковою недостатністю, що знаходяться на програмному гемодіалізі. Створення та підтримання функціонально придатного судинного доступу є пріоритетним завданням. Метою цього дослідження було визначення шляхів покращення результатів формування та підтримання постійного судинного доступу у пацієнтів на програмному гемодіалізі. Відбір наукових джерел виконувався згідно з усталеними вимогами до всебічного пошуку літератури, в ході якого використано можливості таких наукометричних баз даних: «UpToDate», «MEDLINE/PubMed», «EMBASE», «Scopus», «Cochrane Library», «Google Scholar» та «Web of Science».

  У результаті цього огляду можна підсумувати наступні особливості ведення постійного судинного доступу у пацієнтів з термінальною нирковою недостатністю. Нативна артеріовенозна фістула розглядається як метод вибору судинного доступу для програмного гемодіалізу. Проведення ультразвукового дослідження дозволяє оцінити перспективну функціональну придатність судин майбутнього доступу, робить можливим оцінку об'ємного кровотоку і надає можливість запідозрити ранні ускладнення з боку останнього.  Мінімальний внутрішній діаметр судини для a. radialis та v. cephalica має становити 2.0 мм для успішного створення та дозрівання фістули. Ступінь "дозрівання" можна визначити за "правилом 6-ти", яке містить сонографічні критерії перспективної функціональної придатності судин. Для «дозрівання» артеріовенозної фістули потрібно в середньому біля 6 тижнів. Ретельне клінічне обстеження може виявити недостатність фістули та будь-які пов’язані з цим ускладнення, що робить можливим швидке реконструктивне оперативне втручання для відновлення функціональності, збереження тривалості існування доступу та, зрештою, покращення якості життя пацієнта.
ГОРИЗОНТАЛЬНІ СВЕРДЛОВИНИ – ДОСВІД БУРІННЯ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ДЛЯ НАРОЩУВАННЯ ВИДОБУТКУ НАФТИ НА РОДОВИЩАХ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Ставичний Є. M. , Агафонов Д. Ю. , Пошивак А. О. , Тивончук С. П. , Кекух Д. А. , Придачина О. М. , Бобаль Н. В. , Тершак Б. А. , Пятківський С. А. , Плитус М. М.
Published: February 2024

Наведено короткий огляд історичного розвитку буріння похило-спрямованих та горизонтальних свердловин. На основі аналізу буріння горизонтальних свердловин в Україні встановлено, що успішність реалізації проектів зі споруджування свердловин складного профілю може бути досягнуто на основі побудови детальної цифрової геологічної та гідродинамічної моделі цільового об'єкта, інтерактивного геолого-геофізичного супроводу процесу буріння свердловини (геонавігації) та впровадження сучасних технологічних рішень під час їх буріння.
Показано як використання якісно нового рівня цифрового геологічного та гідродинамічного моделювання продуктивних горизонтів Б-9 та Б-10 Великобубнівського родовища на основі детальної динамічної переобробки та переінтерпретації сейсмічних матеріалів із залученням всієї наявної геофізичної та промислово-геологічної інформації дозволило з високою точністю вибрати оптимальне місце для розташування горизонтальної свердловини та провести геолого-геофізичний моніторинг її буріння.
На прикладі свердловини 119Г-Великобубнівська описано основні технологічні етапи робіт для її планування, проектування та буріння.
Охарактеризовано вимоги до бурових промивальних рідин для буріння похило-спрямованої та горизонтальної ділянки профілю. Встановлено, що для свердловин зі складною просторовою архітектурою параметри бурових промивальних рідин повинні мати необхідні структурно-реолологічні та триботехнічні властивості, високі інгібуючі та мінімальні фільтраційні властивості, а також забезпечити стійкість пристовбурного масиву гірських порід, безаварійне поглиблення та мінімізувати негативний вплив на колекторські властивості продуктивних горизонтів.
На основі системного аналізу підтверджено необхідність застосування розширних дисперсно-армованих стабілізованих тампонажних матеріалів на основі композиційних цементів та спеціалізованих буферних рідин. Охарактеризовано основні функціональні критерії застосовуваних буферних систем. Наведено графічну інтерпретацію дослідження тампонажного розчину та його рецептуру. Встановлено необхідність використання композиційних цементів для забезпечення якісного розмежування горизонтів та проведення надійної ізоляції заколонного простору.
Розглянуто реалізацію проекту 119 Г-Великобубнівська та проаналізовано результати буріння горизонтальних свердловин в ПАТ "Укрнафта". Успішне споруджування горизонтальних свердловин підтверджує ефективність їх буріння в умовах родовищ України для збільшення видобутку вуглеводнів.
Состояние теории и практики формирования иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции младших школьников
Authors: Кылышпаева М.Х.
Published: February 2024

В статье рассмотрена роль предмета «Иностранный язык» в начальной школе. В данном направлении дана краткая характеристика понятия «коммуникативная компетентность» на иностранном языке. В ходе исследования обсуждались результаты экспериментальных работ. Показаны недостаточные результаты обучения иностранным языкам в начальных классах и высказаны предложения на пути их решения. Кроме того, проведен анализ ситуации общего снижения качества обучения, и дана оценка педагогическим механизмам его профилактических мероприятий. В ходе исследований мы убедились, что можем повысить его значимость в будущем, внеся определенные изменения в текущее состояние коммуникативной компетентности в обучении иностранным языкам. Глядя на общую ситуацию, мы понимаем, что на современном этапе развития одной из главных целей языкового образования является создание условий для достижения учащимися иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции. То есть совершенствовать умение учащихся получать информацию на иностранном языке и свободно общаться с иностранцами. В начальном учебном возрасте значительное значение имеют обучение и увлечение иностранным языком. Пути формирования коммуникативной компетенции на иностранном языке у учащихся начального образования были подтверждены казахстанским и зарубежным опытом. В этой связи в настоящей работе основное внимание уделялось методам и технологиям формирования компонентов коммуникативной компетенции на уроке.
Бастауыш сынып білімгерлерінің мәдениетаралық коммуникативтік құзыреттілігін қалыптастыруда ақпараттық технологияларды пайдалану
Authors: Тұрабай Г.К.
Published: February 2024

Мақаланың мақсаты ― тиімді мәдениетаралық өзара әрекеттесудің болжаушысы ретінде мәдениетаралық қарым-қатынас құзыреттілігін зерттеу нәтижелерін ұсыну. Бұл әсерге қол жеткізу механизмі қазіргі уақытта жақсы түсіндірілмеген. Зерттеуге 18 бен 23 жас аралығындағы қазақстандық жоғары оқу орындарының 200-ге жуық білімгері қатысты. Педагогикалық мамандық болғандықтан көбісі, яғни 90 %-ы қыз балалар болды. Мәдениетаралық қарым-қатынас құзыреттілігінің интегративті сауалнамасы, У. Стефанның топтар арасындағы мазасыздық шкаласы, атрибутивті сенімділік пен болжамды болжауды өлшеу, мәдениетаралық қарым-қатынастың тиімділігін өзін-өзі бағалау және басқа мәдениеттің серіктесімен өзара әрекеттесуге деген ұмтылыс деген әдістер қолданылды. Барлық шкалалар зерттеу мақсаттары үшін өзгертілді. Теориялық модельді тексеру талдау арқылы жүргізілді. Мәдениетаралық қарым-қатынаста серіктеспен өзара әрекеттесу ерекшеліктеріне және оның тиімділігін өзін-өзі бағалауға айтарлықтай әсер ететін мәдениетаралық құзыреттілік компоненттерінің интегративті моделі құрылды. Сондай-ақ, «мәдениетаралық қызығушылық» және «мәдениетаралық тұрақтылық» сияқты мәдениетаралық құзыреттілік факторларының мәдениетаралық серіктеспен қарым-қатынастың қабылданған тиімділігіне әсері және онымен өзара әрекеттесуге деген ұмтылыс топтар арасындағы мазасыздық пен мәдениетаралық қарым-қатынастың болжамдылығымен делдалдығы көрсетілген.
Цифрлық оқу контенттері негізінде бастауыш сынып оқушыларының шетел тілдік коммуникативтік құзыреттілігін қалыптастыру
Authors: Каримова Г.С.
Published: February 2024

Авторлар білім беру жүйесін цифрлық трансформациялау және бастауыш сынып оқушыларына шетел тілін үйрету үшін сапалы цифрлық контент құру мәселелерін зерттеген. COVID-19 пандемиясы кезеңінде білім беруді цифрлық трансформациялау және қашықтықтан оқыту нысанына мәжбүрлі көшу контексінде осы зерттеудің авторлары цифрлық оқу мазмұны оқушыларды ҚР-да ағылшын тілін оқытудың тиімді құралы болып табылатынын ғылыми-әдістемелік негіздеді. Авторлардың әзірлеген оқу кешенінің негізгі артықшылығы — ол онлайн форматқа да, офлайн оқыту форматына да бейімделген. Жүргізілген талдау қазақстандық оқушылардың жас, психологиялық, сондай-ақ рухани-адамгершілік ерекшеліктері мен мәдени құндылықтарын ескеретін цифрлық білім беру контентінің сандық және сапалық жеткіліксіздігін көрсетеді. Зерттеудің жаңалығы — ғылыми-теориялық тұрғыдан ҚР-да білім берудің цифрлық трансформациясы жағдайында цифрлық оқу контенттерін құру қажеттілігі негізделген. Зерттеудің мақсаты ― бастауыш сынып оқушыларының цифрлық және шет тілдік коммуникативтік құзыреттілігін, баланың эмоционалды-құндылық даму деңгейін қалыптастыру, сондай-ақ ағылшын тілі бойынша әзірленген оқу кешенінің тиімділігін анықтау болып табылады. Зерттеу психологиялық-педагогикалық эксперимент әдісімен жүргізілді, бастауыш сынып оқушыларын тестілеу, педагогикалық бақылау, сондай-ақ зерттеушінің ағылшын тілін тікелей оқытуы нәтижесінде алынған эмпирикалық материал талданып, жинақталды.
The use of digital technologies in the process of training future foreign language teachers
Authors: Abdrakhmanova S.T.
Published: February 2024

This article reveals the content of the experimental work to test the effectiveness of the technology of using digital pedagogy in the training of future teachers of a foreign language and its final results. The authors conducted an experiment to determine the relevance of the use of digital technologies in universities. According to the content of the diagnosis, the determination of the level of quantitative literacy of future teachers in the experimental group and the control group was carried out on the basis of the system. During the experimental work, the primary diagnostics of the formation of digital literacy of future foreign language teachers were studied. In the course of the study, a survey of students studying in the specialty “Foreign language: two foreign languages” was conducted, a comparative analysis of the results of two stages of the pedagogical experiment was carried out, and the results of the experiment were determined.
Stages of the formation of IT speciality students’ pragma-professional communicative competence in foreig
Authors: Zhaiykbay K.T.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the stages of the formation of IT specialty students’ pragma-professional communicative competence in foreign language education. The pragma-professional communicative competence has four subcompetences such as pragma-communicative sub-competence, functional-projective sub-competence, discursive-industrial sub-competence, pragma-creative sub-competence. Researcher conducted an experiment with 208 IT specialty students and 10 students were selected to focus group interview. The experiment was aimed to identify the effectiveness of the awareness of stages for the formation of named competence. Before the experiment, the term “pragma-professional communicative competence” and stages for the formation were explained in detail. Pre-test and post-test questions were consisted of 40 various questions. The results of the pre and post tests were analyzed, and the experimental group had shown a significant change from 73 points to 90 points. Focus group interview was aimed to identify students’ perceptions of the formation of pragma-professional communicative competence and its stages. As this study was interested in understanding the perceptions of students about a focused topic, it was felt that a focus group approach was most appropriate. The reason for utilizing focus groups, rather than individual interviews, was that they were pragmatic and time efficient as they are perceived as a tool that can provide relevant data. Focus group interview result shows that students perceive stages for the formation of PPCC as helpful and comfortable to apply in foreign language education.
The Use of the Catalysts Based on Coal Ash Microsphere and Chrysotile in the Thermal Destruction of Primary Coal Tar
Authors: Aitbekova Darzhan E. , Baikenov Murzabek I. , Muratbekova Aigul A. , Bolatbay Abylaikhan N. , Balpanova Nazerke Zh. , Tyanakh Sairagul , Ma Fengyun , Khamitova Tolkyn O.
Published: February 2024

In order to evaluate the possibility of using different catalysts prepared for the hydrogenation process of primary coal tar, the method of differential thermal analysis was used, which allows to determine the kinetic parameters of thermal destruction, such as the rate constant, activation energy, and pre-exponential multiplier. The effect of catalysts on characteristics of mass loss during heating of "Shubarkol Komir" JSC primary coal tar at a constant speed (20 K/min) in a nitrogen medium has been considered. Microsphere, NiO/microsphere, CoO/microsphere, chrysotile and NiCo/chrysotile have been taken as catalytic additives. In the presence of the catalysts, the rate of thermal destruction of primary coal tar increases in the following order: CoO/microsphere < NiO/microsphere < NiCo/chrysotile. While microsphere catalysts extend the range of thermal destruction, chrysotile catalysts lead to the rapid completion of the destruction process. This fact is characterized by the formation of bonds between catalytic additives and primary coal tar. It is important to determine such parameters that affect on the activation energy and macrokinetics of the thermal decomposition process for prediction of catalyst activity during hydrogenation of heavy hydrocarbon raw materials.
Numerical Analysis of Flow Stability in a Natural Circulation Loop
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Aulia , Murti Prastowo , Ilham Muhammad Arifin
Published: February 2024

Flow modeling of a natural circulation loop is of high importance in ensuring the stability of the system. As a system relying on buoyancy force, several parameters play a crucial role in determining stability. In this study, a one-dimensional numerical model is employed to predict the mass flow rate and stability due to the variation of heated riser and cooled faller locations. The result shows that the highest flow rate of 0.344 kg/s is obtained as the heater is located at the lowest position, while the cooler remains at the top. Furthermore, a stability map is plotted to show the condition for the stability, whereby the result demonstrates that the location with a relatively low mass flow rate exhibits a higher chance of oscillating flow.
Is civilizational primordialism any better than nationalist primordialism?
Authors: Gorbach Denys
Published: February 2024

The ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war seems to have prompted a return to anthropology's origins: the armchair. Claiming authority based on status and knowledge accumulated elsewhere and extrapolated to Ukraine, public scholars have proffered takes, op-eds, and geopolitical phantasies. Slow research in the full ethnographic mode, studying actors and subjectivities in fast shifting contexts, would have been preferable. In a context of war, complex and dynamic political phenomena easily become tokens in political debates that do not go much beyond statements of political identity.
Re-identifying Characters across Films and Fiction
Authors: Lapointe Julien
Published: February 2024

The current article outlines a theory for character re-identification across films and fictional works: that is, by which interpretive operations does a viewer, spotting a character in film-y, understands that it is the same character identified on the occasion of a prior film-x? While this seems to be a mundane activity, consideration of multiple examples discloses that such acts mobilize sophisticated and abstract concepts and inferences, requiring theoretical insight. Such insight comes by way of Julius Moravcsik's application of Aristotelian concepts to lexical theory. The alignment of the latter—lexical theory—to film interpretation raises deeper questions as to the link of cognition to language, whose implications for future film scholarship are acknowledged in the conclusion.
Automated Saliency Prediction in Cinema Studies
Authors: Yong Lein de Leon , Jayasuriya Suren
Published: February 2024

In visual cognition research, saliency refers to the prominence of specific elements in a scene. Moreover, saliency guidance is part of a filmmaker's toolset to build narratives and guide the audience into emotive responses. This article compares two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) saliency mapping models with viewers’ eye-position mapping to investigate the potentiality of automated saliency mapping in moving image studies by analyzing saliency's role during cinema's transition from one-shot to multiple-shot. Although the exact moment when montage and editing methods appeared cannot be identified with precision, findings suggest one of the reasons for this transition was saliency guidance, hence its preponderance.
Documentary Filmmakers as Characters
Authors: Ribke Nahuel
Published: February 2024

Despite the increasing documentary filmmakers’ on-screen presence in their own films, the analysis of their corporeal presence and performance in the documentary genre hasn't been fully explored yet. Following Plantinga's (2018) discussion on characterization and character in documentary film, the present article proposes to examine documentary filmmakers’ on-screen presence and performance, making three central assumptions. First, documentary filmmakers’ on-screen presence is a cinematic representation constructed in similar ways to that of other characters/subjects participating in the film. Second, documentary filmmakers’ characters are generally shaped and constructed throughout the filmmakers’ careers, much like fiction film stars. Third and last, the salience of filmmakers as characters should be understood as the outcome of major cultural, technological, and economic shifts shaping and affecting the documentary film production patterns and stylistic devices.
“Open-window” craniectomy for the removal of frontal sinus mucosa to prevent a delayed mucocele: illustrative case
Authors: Rutledge W. Caleb , _ _ , Ozair Ahmad , Villanueva-Meyer Javier E. , Niehaus Brian , McDermott Michael W.
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Frontal craniotomies for a medial subfrontal approach necessitate crossing the frontal sinus. Large superior extensions of the frontal sinus into frontal bone can result in mucosal retention in a free craniotomy bone flap, leading to a delayed mucocele with significant associated morbidity. The authors describe an “open-window” craniectomy technique that permits mucosal removal under direct vision and maintains the inner table on the bone flap’s inferior side, helping to seal off the sinus opening with a pericranial flap.

OBSERVATIONS

An illustrative case involving a medial right frontal craniotomy for a third ventricle mass in a patient with a large superior extension of the frontal sinus into frontal bone is presented. After creating a free frontal bone flap, the inner table was drilled out to the margins of the frontal sinus cavity and any remaining mucosa was cleared. A portion of the inner table above the bone flap’s inferior margin was left in place, resembling an open window when viewed from the inner table side. The remaining anterior and posterior wall of the flap inferiorly provided a matched surface for the opening into the remaining frontal sinus, which was covered by pericranium. Long-term follow-up indicated no major complications or delayed mucocele.

LESSONS

The open-window craniectomy technique can be considered for frontal sinus violations in patients with large superior frontal bone extension.
Significance of upper cervical epidural venous engorgement on head computed tomography in the initial diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension: patient series
Authors: Takahashi Toshihide , Yanaka Kiyoyuki , Aiyama Hitoshi , Saura Minami , Kajita Michihide , Takahashi Nobuyuki , Onuma Kuniyuki , Ishikawa Eiichi
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a rare condition characterized by positional headache, for which contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred diagnostic method. Although MRI reveals characteristic findings, head computed tomography (CT) is usually the first diagnostic step, but identifying features of SIH on CT is often difficult. This study was specifically designed to evaluate the utility of head CT in detecting upper cervical epidural venous engorgement as a sign of SIH.

OBSERVATIONS

Of 24 patients with SIH diagnosed between March 2011 and May 2023, 10 did not undergo upper cervical CT. In the remaining 14 patients, engorgement of the upper cervical epidural venous plexus was observed. CT detection rates were consistent with MRI for spinal fluid accumulation or dural thickening. After treatment, in 92.9% of patients, the thickness of the epidural venous plexus decreased statistically significantly from 4.8 ± 1.3 mm to 3.6 ± 1.2 mm.

LESSONS

This study suggests that upper cervical spine CT focused on epidural venous engorgement may be helpful in the initial diagnosis of SIH and may complement conventional MRI evaluation. Extending CT imaging to the upper cervical spine will improve the diagnostic accuracy of patients with positional headaches suspected to be SIH.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Media Reporting on Suicide among Media Persons of a Province
Authors: Basnet Madhur , Thapa Prekshya , Shakya Dhana Ratna , Nepal Suraj , Rai Neena , Shrestha Kailash Khaki
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Suicide is a global public health problem. Sensible media reporting on suicide could be useful in suicide prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding media reporting on suicide among media persons of a province.
Methods: A qualitative study was done among media persons of the province after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Data was collected through online platform using Google form from 15 April 2022 and 15 January 2023. A convenience sampling method was used. Descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis.
Results: Among 165 media persons, 54 (32%) of the participants either agreed to or were neutral about prominently reporting suicide news, and 47 (28.48%) were undecided or agreed about mentioning the details of the event. Only 50 (30.30%) thought that it is always possible to help a person with suicidal thoughts. A total of 48 (29.09%) always reported providing information about where to seek help in case one is suicidal.
Conclusions: Media personnel were found to possess better knowledge about suicide reporting but exhibited inadequate practice in terms of providing method and site details and promoting support services, alongside maintaining an unfavorable attitude towards suicide. There is an urgent need to focus on coordination, standardisation, evidence generation and capacity building of media persons on suicide.
Benign Breast Disease among Patients Visiting the Breast and Endocrine Clinic of a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Poudel Sishir , Pokharel Sushan , Khadka Sarada
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Breast diseases encompass a wide range of conditions, including benign and malignant disorders. Given the significant burden of breast-related health issues in the community, there is a critical need to understand the prevalence. This study aimed to find the prevalence of benign breast diseases among patients visiting the breast and endocrine clinic of a tertiary care centre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients presenting to the breast and endocrine clinic from 1 January 2022 to 1 January 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 979 patients, the prevalence of benign disease was 937 (95.71%) (94.44-96.98, 95% Confidence Interval). Mastalgia was the most frequent diagnosis 416 (44.40%), followed by fibroadenoma 137 (14.62%), benign lumps 84 (8.96%), and mastitis 64 (6.83%) and the most common symptoms reported by benign cases were pain in the breast 692 (73.85%) and breast lump 483 (51.55%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of benign breast diseases was found to be similar to other studies done in similar settings.
Birth Asphyxia among Neonates Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Yadav Dhirendra Prasad , Kumar Vivek , Gupta Manoj Kumar
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Birth asphyxia causes significant morbidity and mortality among neonates, especially in low-income and middle-income countries like Nepal. However, there is a paucity of data regarding its burden. This study aimed to find the prevalence of birth asphyxia among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among neonates at a tertiary care hospital between 15 January 2022 to 14 January 2023 after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Neonates with gestational age ≥35 weeks were included and those with major congenital anomalies were excluded. A convenience sampling method was used. A point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 902 neonates, 120 (13.30%) (11.08-15.52, 95% Confidence Interval) had birth asphyxia. A total of 108 (90%) were outborn, and 84 (70%) were males. HIE stage-I, II and III were seen in 47 (39.17%), 64 (53.33%) and 9 (7.50%) of the asphyxiated neonates respectively. Poor suck 92 (76.67%), seizures 73 (60.83%) and lethargy 70 (58.33%) were common abnormal neurological findings. Death occurred in 15 (12.50%) neonates in the hospital.
Conclusions: The prevalence of birth asphyxia was found to be similar to other studies done in similar settings. The high burden underscores an urgent need to implement better perinatal care and delivery room management practices.
Ocular Firework Injuries among Patients Presented to the Emergency Department During Festival Season in a Tertiary Eye Hospital
Authors: Manandhar Ashma , Mukharjee Tinku , Karn Rajiv Ranjan
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Fireworks can cause severe ocular injuries which can be prevented if used with proper precautions. It causes not only mechanical injuries but also thermal and chemical injuries. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of ocular firework injuries among patients presented to the emergency department during festival season in a tertiary eye hospital.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study done among patients presenting in the emergency department of a tertiary eye hospital after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Data of patients from medical records between 26 October 2021 to 28 November 2021 and 15 October 2022 to 17 November 2022 was collected. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 132 patients, the prevalence of ocular firework injuries was seen in 73 (55.30%) (46.82-63.78, 95% Confidence Interval). Closed globe injury was mostly observed in 56 (76.71%) patients with ocular injuries. The most common age group affected was those less than 30 years old 54 (73.97%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of ocular firework injuries was found to be lower than other studies done in similar settings. Protective measures should be used to prevent ocular injuries. A public awareness program needs to be launched before such festivals.
Positive Attitude Towards Personal Drug Selection among Undergraduate Medical Students of a Medical College
Authors: Khadka Anjan , Gurung Sanjog , Ghimire Sujata , Lahera Suvam , Mabuhang Toslima , Shah Neha
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Personal drug exercise helps in the selection of drugs depending on the criteria- safety, efficacy, suitability and cost. Undergraduate medical students are the future practitioners-in-training and should focus more on rational prescribing. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of positive attitudes towards personal drug selection among undergraduate medical students of a medical college.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among second and third-year medical students after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Data was collected from 1 December 2022 to 30 May 2023. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 132 medical students, 126 (95.45%) (91.90-99.01, 95% Confidence Interval) of the students showed a positive attitude toward P-drug selection.
Conclusions: The prevalence of positive attitudes towards P-drug selection among medical students was found to be similar to other studies done in similar settings.
Kampung Kapitan Sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran IPS Terpadu
Authors: Kristian Indah , Aryanigrum Kiki , Nuranisa Nuranisa , Oktavia Maharani
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana Kampung Kapitan menjadi sumber pembelajaran bagi siswa kelas VII. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan melibatkan Tjoa Tiong Gie (Mulyadi) dan Oey Eng Sui sebagai informan kunci, serta Sri Hastuti seorang guru IPS Terpadu. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kampung Kapitan dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pembelajaran IPS Terpadu dengan Kompetensi Dasar 4.1. terbentuknya pemukiman Kampung Kapitan dilatarbelakangi oleh seorang perwira Lioang Taow Ming yang cukup berpengaruh terhadap komunitasnya, dan diberikan wewenang untuk mengatur wilayah 7 Ulu. Klasifikasi sosial disertai terbentuknya hunian (pemukiman) berdasarkan etnik berperan sebagai mediator (pedagang perantara) yang menjembatani kepentingan pribumi dengan pemeritah kolonial. Kehidupan sosial penduduk Kampung Kapitan pada awal berdirinya berbasis perdagangan. Bentuk pemukiman merupakan perpaduan dari tiga budaya, yaitu etnis Cina, Melayu dan Eropa (Belanda). Konsistensi penduduk setempat dalam mempertahankan keberadaan pemukiman adalah dengan mengadakan tradisi berupa festival Cap Go Meh. Selanjutnya, kehidupan sosial mengalami perubahan dari pedagang (niaga), dan sekarang membaur dengan masyarakat umumnya untuk berdagang, bekerja serabutan, membuka kuliner dan sebagainya. Secara astronomis terletak pada 2Â° 58' LS dan 105Â° BT. Sedangkan secara geografis, terletak di Kelurahan 7 Ulu, Kecamatan Seberan Ulu 1 yang berbatasan di sebelah Utara dengan tepian Sungai Musi, sebelah Selatan dengan Jalan K H A Azhary, sebelah Barat dengan Sungai Kelenteng, dan sebelah Timur dengan Sungai Kedemangan. Letak pemukiman dari tepian Sungai Musi hingga ke daratan menjadikan pemukiman ini menjadi padat dan tidak teratur, dikarenakan meningkatnya aktivitas perekonomian.Â
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IX SMP N 2 MUARA KUANG
Authors: Rani Sika , Monanisa Monanisa , Taufik Mirna , Damayati Nina , Hartono Deni Puji
Published: February 2024

ABSTRAKAbstrak.Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran online terhadap pemahaman belajar siswa kelas IX di SMP Negeri 2 Muara Kuang. Metode yang digunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa yang duduk di kelas IX di SMP Negeri Muara Kuang tahun pelajaran 2020/2021.Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari siswa kelas IX 1 dan 10 guru SMP Negeri 2 Muara Kuang, dengan jumlah 40 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji T. Hasil penelitian bahwa pengaruh pembelajaran online terhadap pemahaman belajar siswa kelas IX SMP N 2 Muara Kuang berada pada tingkat kategori â€œsangat rendah. Hal inilah yang membuat siswa merasakan pembelajaran secara tatap muka lebih baik dari pada pembelajaran online.Kata kuci : Pembelajaran Online, Pemahaman Belajar Siswa
DETEKSI MANIFESTASI PANAS BUMI MENGGUNAKAN CITRA LANDSAT 8 (STUDI KASUS KAWASAN GUNUNG PATUHA)
Authors: Arifin Efri Triana Nur
Published: February 2024

Energi panas bumi merupakan energi alternatif yang diharapkan dapat menjadi pasokan tambahan bagi sumber energi Indonesia. Namun pada kenyataannya Indonesia baru memanfaatkan 5,9% energi panas bumi yang ada. Tujuan dari penelitian ini dilakukan yakni mendeteksi manifestasi lokasi sebaran panas bumi di Kawasan Gunung Patuha dan membandingkan hasil analisis sebaran panas bumi pada penelitian sebelumnya yang menggunakan metode FFD dengan metode LST dengan citra Landsat 8 pada wilayah kajian yang sama yaitu Gunung Patuha. Pemetaan deteksi manifestasi panas bumi diperoleh dari overlay parameter kepadatan lurusan menggunakan metode Principal Component Analysis (PCA), suhu permukaan menggunakan metode Land Surface Temperature (LST) dan kerapatan vegetasi menggunakan metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) lalu diolah menggunakan skoring dan pembobotan. Berdasarkan Hasil Visualisasi berupa peta potensi sebaran panas bumi terdapat tujuh area yaitu area A, area D, dan area E dengan kelas sedang - tinggi; area B dengan kelas sedang; area C, area G, dan area F dengan kelas sedang-sangat tinggi. Namun pengecualian untuk area F dan area G tidak terkonfirmasi sebagai potensi panas bumi karena terdapat pengaruh manusia, seperti pemukiman padat yang menyebabkan suhu permukaan meningkat. Hasil ini berbeda dari penelitian sebelumnya yang hanya mengidentifikasi 3 area.
PROSPEK DANAU ULAK LIA SEBAGAI TEMPAT WISATA DI SEKAYU MUSI BANYUASIN
Authors: Wijaya Wijaya , Septinar Helfa , Monanisa Monanisa , Utomo Budi , Taufik Mirna
Published: February 2024

Penelitian ini berjudul prospek danau Ulak Lia sebagai tempat wisata di Sekayu Musi Banyuasin, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prospek danau Ulak Lia sebagai tempat wisata dengan cara menganilisis kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Informan dari penelitian ini adalah Dinas Pemuda Olahraga dan Pariwisata, dan pengunjung objek wisata. Untuk menentukan strategi prospek objek wisata danau Ulak Lia dilakukan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan strategi yang digunakan dalam prospek danau Ulak Lia memiliki 10 strategi alternatif objek wisata yang harus dilakukan pemerintah antara lain: 1) Membangun dan memperbaiki fasilitas yang ada di lokasi objek wisata, 2) Mengadakan atraksi wisata, 3) Menjadikan objek sebagai tempat kegiatan seperti: tempat olahraga prewedding dll, 4) Meningkatkan promosi dengan cara memanfaatkan jejaring sosial, 5) Meningkatkan pelayanan, 6) Penambahan fasilitas di lokasi objek wisata, 7) Mengoptimalkan potensi wisataÂ  yang ada dan keunikan objek wisata, 8) Menetapkan objek wisata sebagai sektor unggulan, 9) Meningkatkan peran pemerintah dan masyarakat 10) Melakukan pengawasan dan pemeliharaan fasilitas yang ada di lokasi objek wisata.
Graphic Design in the Context of Taste Culture: Educational and Upbringing Potential
Authors: Vereshchagin Oleg
Published: February 2024

The article examines the place of graphic design in modern post-industrial society, extending beyond purely applied art and aspiring to play the role of an expert in the interiors of human existence, determining the social and cultural status of an individual. It is argued that graphic design, organically integrating into contexts and actively responding to the challenges of such a social-decorative phenomenon as fashion, plays a significant role in shaping taste culture. This attests to the multiplicity of ambivalent cultural manifestations of graphic design. Special attention is given to identifying the functional potential of graphic design in creating cross-cutting trends that, through non-verbal means of communication, can form and maintain social and cultural unity. In connection with this, an analysis of graphic design is carried out through the prism of philosophical communication, allowing the identification of graphic design as the most effective practice of nonverbal communication and information visualization in post-industrial society. It is determined that graphic design is capable not only of generating new meanings but also of creating communicative gaps. Given this specificity, the article particularly focuses on identifying the educational and upbringing potential of graphic design. It is demonstrated that the process of creating visual images and their subsequent interpretation by consumers of graphic information depends not only on the aesthetic taste, ethical beliefs, and humanistic orientation of the designer (visualizer) but also on their educational and upbringing potential. The necessity of strengthening humanistic orientations in modern Ukrainian design and art education is emphasized.
“Leadership on the Field of Play”
Authors: Andrienko-Genin Tatiana
Published: February 2024

Doctor Bill Pepicello’s book “Leadership on the Field of Play” is the subject of research for this review. Doctor Pepicello was the sixth President of the University of Phoenix. This book is a testament of his unique leadership experience
Science as an invariable attribute of civilization development
Authors: Pavko Anatoliy
Published: February 2024

The review is devoted to the analysis of Volodymyr Melnyk’s new monograph “Civilizational Inquiries and the Phenomenon of Science”, devoted to the place of science in modern society. The place of a modern university in the development of science is defined.
Academic integrity as a challenge, demand and will: contexts of philosophical anthropology, ethics and philosophy of education
Authors: Khamitov Nazip
Published: February 2024

Academic integrity in education and science is understood as an ability that translates from possible into actual justice in the relations of students, teachers and scientists, their respect for their own dignity and the dignity of colleagues, as well as a focus on sincere creativity and co-creation. Academic integrity is the ability to maintain and develop the reputation of a conscientious, tolerant and creative professional who does not envy the talent of colleagues and does not appropriate their achievements. In the article, academic integrity appears not only as a demand and a challenge, but also as a will. In the coordinates of the methodology of meta-anthropology, it is proven that at the level of the will to self-preservation and procreation, as well as at the level of the will to power, any virtue, including academic and conditional, moreover, its deformations and distortions are possible. Only under the influence of the will to knowledge and creativity of the finite being of a person, which is supplemented by the will to co-creation in the meta-boundary being, academic integrity acquires an unconditional character and naturalness. It has been proven that true academic integrity is impossible without true academic dialogue, without it it turns into a simulacrum. The heuristic meaning of the concept “will to academic integrity” is substantiated. The will to academic integrity is an important component of the will to scientific novelty and actualizes academic writing that has heuristic achievements, is free from plagiarism, does not amount to compilation and is not a fabrication. As an example of the action of such a will in the academic community, the Kyiv anthropological school is presented in its development in the directions of existential anthropology and metaanthropology. The role of academic integrity in conditions of war and peace is shown.
Philosophical dimensions of cultural policy
Authors: Guzhva Alla
Published: February 2024

Against the background of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, the question of an effective cultural policy that would support national identity, contribute to the purification of consciousness from propaganda myths and preserve the heritage of Ukrainian culture is becoming more acute. Since cultural policy is related to both aesthetic-artistic and cultural-anthropological dimensions of social life, in order to identify the effective influence of cultural policy on dominant social practices, it is necessary to find out the universal principles of its functioning. The purpose of this article is to identify the relevant philosophical and methodological basis of cultural policy for modern Ukrainian realities. Based on the fundamental ideas of Richard Rorty’s pragmatic philosophy and his analysis of cultural policies, the generally accepted nature of the inferential approach to social reality on the part of individual social groups was ascertained. The variability of cultural policy depending on the type of social organization community/society is demonstrated. In small social groups of the authoritarian type, social epistemological authority is mediated by the individual preferences of the leader of this group, so the tools of cultural policy are weak (patriarchal family, religious or political sect). An authoritarian or totalitarian mass society shows a high propensity for linguistic practices of propaganda, which can be seen as an extreme distorted form of cultural politics. In democratic societies, cultural policy is able to harmonize social life, improving its practices and building a value-symbolic world that constitutes culture in a broad sense. The social institute of education has all the tools, including digital ones, to shape the necessary social practices and educate a critical thinker who is able to generate conceptual knowledge, i.e. see relationships and be aware. Openness in decision-making, interaction of expert groups, public discussions are necessary elements for an effective cultural policy, which should be different from “cultural management”. Creative cultural industries play an important role in modern popular culture societies, and these industries significantly strengthen the economic component of social life. Public projects and initiatives effectively help to preserve Ukrainian culture, influence the level of awareness of Ukrainians and the economic well-being of our country.
The worldview and philosophical foundations of K. D. Ushynskyi’s pedagogical ideas
Authors: Dichek Natalia
Published: February 2024

The article is dedicated to the memory of Kostiantyn Dmytrovych Ushynskyi (1823-1871), an outstanding Ukrainian teacher-philosopher, founder and developer of the theoretical foundations of education based on the cooperation of pedagogy and psychology (the middle of the 19th century). In general, the purpose of the article is to update the scientific achievements of prominent compatriot. The article’s goal is detailed in such tasks: the assertion of Ukrainianness as the source or origin of K. Ushynskyi’s personality and creativity; the substantiation of the features of his life philosophy, mentality (the priority of the value of the human soul, heartcentred meaning of human being in the comprehension of life; high personal emotionality, but subject to will; love for the native foundations), which total combination nourished the thinker’s ideas about pedagogical anthropology; substantiation of the peculiar intertextuality of the K. Ushynskyi’s book “Man as an object of education. An attempt at pedagogical anthropology” (1868–1869); an attempt to characterize the worldview and philosophical meanings of K. Ushynskyi’s construction of the psychological and pedagogical foundations of the educational process (cultural conformity, nature conformity, activity as the basis of education), which remains not only the historical heritage of Ukrainian humanitarian thought, but also a variant of an anthropologically sharpened worldview landmark for modern educators. It has been established that in the documentary substantiation of K. Ushynskyi’s belonging to Ukrainian culture, the contribution of the modern local historian and teacher V. Terletskyi became the most important. It is shown that the appeals made by K. Ushynskyi to the thoughts, ideas, opinions of numerous European scientists, writers, historical figures, polemics and dialogues with them on the pages of the book ensured the transition to the creation of a text as a stereophonic intersection with other texts. The author of the article tries to substantiate this feature of the book as a kind of intertextuality of the analyzed scientific work.
Artificial Intelligence as a Harbinger of Significant Changes in Education
Authors: Maleiev Anton
Published: February 2024

The rapid development of programs based on the principles of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) signals significant changes in the components of education, namely in the provider, the tool of transmission, and the recipient of knowledge. Historical data analysis regarding the key functions of education serves as the basis for identifying fundamental innovations introduced through AI and ML. The impact of writing, printing, and the Internet has significantly altered the tool for knowledge transmission, influencing the volume of information and the number of knowledge recipients. The implementation of AI and ML transforms not only the tool but also the provider of knowledge itself, which can become impersonal thanks to the corresponding computer programs. With the historically justified increase in the volume of knowledge possessed by humanity, there is a transformation observed in education systems. This is especially true for democratic societies, where the emphasis is increasingly shifting from providing a large amount of knowledge to developing critical thinking. It has been researched that programs based on AI and ML, applying linguistic models, are capable of effectively systematizing knowledge. This lays the foundation for personalizing the entire education process for a specific knowledge recipient, without burdening the provider. However, there have been cases when such imitation misleads scientists, who perceive it as attempts at communication between programs that have an equivalence to the human level. The conclusions drawn indicate a significant transformation of the education system caused by AI and ML-based programs. However, intelligent programs are unable to evolve into independent knowledge recipients due to their inability to consciously attribute meaning to information, transforming it into knowledge.