bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERHITUNGAN DIALEKTOMETRI ISOLEK KOMERING DAN LAMPUNG: APAKAH KEDUANYA BAHASA YANG BERBEDA?
Authors: Isnaeni Mukhammad , Riana Derri Ris
Published: November 2022

Bahasa Lampung dan Bahasa Komering, menurut penuturnya, merupakan dua bahasa atau isolek yang berbeda. Namun, ada juga beberapa sudut pandang yang mengelompokkan kedua isolek tersebut sebagai bahasa yang sama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap status kedua isolek tersebut: apakah kedua isolek Komering dan Lampung merupakan isolek yang sama atau berbeda dan apakah isolek Komering lebih erat hubungannya dengan bahasa Lampung baik dialek A maupun dialek O. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, peneliti menggunakan wawancara di beberapa titik pengamatan sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan daftar pertanyaan dialektologi yang divalidasi oleh Badan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi (Kemendikbudristek) yang berisi 200 daftar kata bahasa Swadesh dasar dan 175 kosakata budaya dasar, yang terdiri atas 52 kosakata medan makna bagian tubuh, 98 medan makna gerak dan kerja, serta 25 kosakata medan makna kekerabatan. Jadi, total keseluruhan glos yang dipakai sebagai daftar tanyaan ada 375 glos. Peneliti menanyakan kepada informan baik yang berasal dari Lampung maupun Komering mengenai 375 glos tersebut dalam bahasa daerah mereka masing-masing . Informan dipilih berdasarkan beberapa kriteria, seperti bermobilitas rendah, tingkat pendidikan rendah, berusia lebih dari 40 tahun, dan lahir di desa di titik pengamatan atau desa mereka. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis data dengan melakukan perhitungan dialektometri antara Titik Pengamatan (TP) berbahasa Komering dan TP berbahasa Lampung. Perbedaan dalam aspek leksikal dan fonologis diperhitungkan untuk mengetahui status dari kedua isolek tersebut. Perbedaan lebih dari 70% akan dianggap sebagai bahasa yang berbeda dan di bawah 30% akan dianggap sebagai bahasa yang sama. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa isolek Komering dan Lampung dialek A tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang tinggi. Perbedaan keduanya paling tinggi mencapai sebesar 35% atau menunjukkan perbedaan wicara. Hal yang berbeda akan tampak apabila isolek Komering dibandingkan dengan TP-TP berisolek Lampung dialek O. Keduanya menunjukkan perbedaan yang lebih tinggi, yaitu 67% atau beda dialek. Artinya, isolek Komering dan isolek Lampung dalam penelitian ini adalah bahasa yang sama.
Bridging the gap between evidence-based practice and probiotic utilization among US adults: Results from a national survey
Authors: Ozdener-Poyraz Ayse Elif , Rivkin Anastasia , Iwuchukwu Otito Frances , Cassino Daniel
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

Recently published guidelines recommend probiotics for only a few indications. However, probiotics are widely utilized by consumers due to accessibility, perceived safety, and belief that they promote gut health. The objective of this survey study was to examine probiotic use, evaluate public knowledge regarding the risks and benefits of probiotics, and identify variables that predict the use of probiotics among US adults.

Materials and Methods:

The survey was conducted among a random sample of 1000 adults living in the US, from January 28 through February 13, 2019. Analysis was conducted with Chi-square tests and Pearson correlation with 95% confidence intervals and a significance level of 5% for all tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associations between survey respondents’ characteristics and use of probiotics.

Results:

Thirty-one percent of respondents stated they currently take or have taken probiotics daily, while 29% are considering future use. Sixty-four percent of daily probiotic users were taking probiotics without a medical provider’s recommendation. Six percent sought counseling from a pharmacist for over-the-counter products, including probiotics. A multivariate logistic regression showed that women, whites, 4-year college graduates, and younger respondents were more likely to report probiotic use. An additional logistic regression showed a significant conditional relationship between chronic illness, education, and white race (P<0.05).

Conclusion:

Guideline-recommended indications for probiotic use are limited. This study showed some respondents may be using probiotics unnecessarily. Pharmacists can educate the public about probiotic benefits and prevent unnecessary use of these products.
The functional anatomy of the foramina of Luschka revisited
Authors: Hoz Samer S. , Abdulsada Alkawthar M. , Ismail Mustafa , Alfawares Yara , Forbes Jonathan A. , Prestigiacomo Charles J. , Andaluz Norberto
Published: November 2022

Background:

The German Anatomist Hubert Von Luschka first described the foramina of Luschka (FOL) in 1855 as lateral holes in the fourth ventricle. By his discovery, he refuted previous beliefs about the lateral recess as blind ends of the fourth ventricle, proving the continuity of the ventricular system with the central canal of the spinal cord. In this paper, we question the outline variations of the patent parts of FOL and their consistency, drawing attention to the apparent query of the valvular mechanism of FOL.

Methods:

We conducted a literature review in PubMed and Google Scholar databases to review the existing literature describing the history, pertinent anatomy, and function of FOL. In addition, we reviewed the original German book written by Luschka.

Results:

While reading the available articles and original works regarding FOL, we noticed the developmental phases through which FOL was discovered, tracking the process from Aristotle till Luschka’s discovery. We also discussed controversies and opinions about FOL’s existence and function.

Conclusion:

FOL is halved into two compartments: choroidal and patent. The function of FOL resembles a oneway valve mechanism, and it depends on the patent slit-like part. Luschka had discovered over 20 anatomical structures, including several foramina, confusion in a debate may result from eponyms.
INFLUENCE OF SEDATION STRATEGY ON THE PATIENT’S HEMODYNAMIC STATUS IN THE EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD AFTER CARDIAC SURGERIES WITH CARDIAC PULMONARY BYPASS. COMPARISON OF PROPOFOL-BASED, DEXMEDETOMIDINE-BASED SEDATION OR THEIR COMBINATION
Authors: PLECHYSTA Y. , DUBROV S
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Patient sedation in the intensive care unit after cardiac surgeries with cardiac pulmonary bypass (CPB) has an element of negative impact on the hemodynamic status of the patient. Vasoplegia caused by the use of of artificial blood circulation in combination with the use of hypnotics can lead to a large number of complications and increase the duration of the patient’s stay in the conditions of the intensive care unit.
Purpose: to compare the effect on the hemodynamic status of patients after cardiac surgery with the use of artificial blood circulation 3 drugs for sedation: propofol, dexmedetomidine and their combination.
Materials and methods: A randomized controlled parallel study was conducted. The study included 356 patients over 18 years of age who underwent cardiac surgical treatment with CBP. Statistical data processing was carried out on the basis of Prism 9.0 software.
Results and discussion: The frequency of hemodynamic disturbances that required vasopressors in the early postoperative period was 35.79% (n= 34) in the propofol group (n= 95) ,12.35% (n = 10) in the group of the combination of propofol and dexmedetomidine (n= 81), 31.25% (n=5) dexmedetomidine sedation group (n= 16). (p=0.0011)
Conclusions: Vasopressors infusion has been less common in the propofol and dexmedetomidine combination group (p = 0.0011).
METHODS OF LABOR ANALGESIA BY DETERMING THE LEVEL OF CHILDBIRTH SATISFACTION
Authors: ROMANENKO A. , KUCHYN Y.
Published: November 2022

Introduction. Woman’s satisfaction with childbirth is associated with adequate labor analgesia [1]. Negative labor experience could increase the risk of poor mother-child connection, breastfeeding problems [2], and decreased desire for elective caesarian section [3]. Effective management of labor pain and positive childbirth experience improve the quality of maternity care [4].
Aim. Explore correlation between different pharmacological/non-pharmacological methods of labor analgesia at ‘’home’’/hospital environment with positive childbirth experience.
Methods and materials: There are 321 women who completed questionnaire of childbirth experience. Survey consists of 4 parts: ‘’own capacity’’, ‘’professional support’’, ‘’perceived safety’’, ‘’participation’’. In postpartum period, women were divided into 4 groups with: patient-control epidural analgesia (PCEA) (n=217), nitrous oxide (50:50) (n=18), alternative methods of labor analgesia in ‘’home’’ environment (n=46) and hospital birth without pharmacological analgesia (n=40). Logistic regression was used to analyze the risks.
Results. The study shown the risk of unsatisfactory assessment of Childbirth Experience Questionnaire in the sections “perceived safety” (p=0,034, OR=2,03 (95% CІ 1,06–3,86)), ‘’professional support’’ (p=0,006, (OR=2,58 (95% CІ 1,31–5,07)), increased for patients with severe pain (VAS 7 points), compared with patients for VAS <7 points. PCEA is considered to be standard of labor analgesia and is not associated with the risk of unsatisfactory assessment in sections “perceived safety” and ‘’own capacity’’ (p>0,05). Nitrous oxide and alternative methods of analgesia shown higher rates of childbirth satisfaction in the sections ’’participation’’ (p=0,029, OR=0,48 (95% CІ 0,25–0,93), ‘’own capacity’’(р=0,040), and low rates in ‘’professional support’’ (p=0,029, OR=1,91 (95% CІ 1,07–3,41).
Conclusions. An effective strategy to increase level of childbirth satisfaction is to provide positive communication with women and to inform about risk of using pharmacological/ non-pharmacological labor analgesia
EXPERIENCE OF USING ECMO IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE COVID-19 (DESCRIPTION OF CLINICAL CASES)
Authors: MISHCHUK V. , PRYIMAKOVA V.
Published: November 2022

Summary: Among pediatric patients with COVID-19, about 0,8-1 % require admission to the intensive care unit. The main syndromes that determine the severe course and mortality in children are acute respiratory distress syndrome, multisystem inflammation syndrome and multiple organ failure. In our report, we present two clinical cases of successful use of ECMO in children with COVID-19 who have developed acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Description of clinical cases. Children aged 3 years (case 1) and 17 years (case2) were admitted to the intensive care unit with signs of severe respiratory failure. Both patients were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. Traditional methods of respiratory support in combination with prone position ventilation and myoplegia have not improved oxygenation. With PaO2 / FiO2 – 60 (case 1) and PaO2 / FiO2 – 75 (case 2), children were started V-V ECMO. The duration of ECMO in both patients was 7 days. As a result, improved oxygenation was achieved: PaO2 / FiO2 – 310 (case 1), PaO2 / FiO2 – 264 (case 2) after decannulation, as well as the condition of pulmonary mechanics (Cst increased from 8 to 22 ml / cmH2O in the first case and from 15 ml / cmH2O to 57 ml / cmH2O in the second case, both patients survived and were discharged with minimal cognitive impairment.
Conclusion: In cases where critical hypoxemia caused by severe ARDS is not eliminated by traditional methods of respiratory support, ECMO can be an effective rescue technology.
The use of different methods of celiac plexus neurolysis in the treatment of pain syndrome associated with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Romanukha Dmytro M. , Strokan Andrii M. , Biloshytsky Vadym V.
Published: November 2022

Черевне сплетення є визнаною мішенню для інтервенційних методик лікування болю, що виникає внаслідок неоперабельного злоякісного новоутворення підшлункової залози або інших органів, розташованих у верхній половині черевної порожнини.
Представлено клінічний випадок пацієнтки, 66 років, з раком підшлункової залози, якій для зменшення больового синдрому здійснено декілька спроб застосувати методики нейролізису сонячного сплетення. У зв’язку з великим розміром пухлини та її проростанням у навколишні органи провести симпатолізис під час біопсії за допомогою ендоскопічної ультрасонографії було неможливо. Спроба нейролізису переднім трансабдомінальним доступом під ультразвуковою навігацією не дала бажаного результату. Задній крізьшкірно-паравертебральний підхід під комп’ютерно-томографічним контролем сприяв значному полегшенню стану пацієнтки.
Проведено порівняння різних методик нейролізису сонячного сплетення, їхніх переваг та недоліків використання в закладах охорони здоров’я України.
The celiac plexus is a recognized target for interventions to provide pain relief to patients with pain resulting from inoperable malignancies of the pancreas or other organs in the upper abdomen.The clinical case of a 66-year-old female patient with pancreatic cancer who underwent several different techniques of celiac plexus neurolysis to reduce pain is presented. Due to the large size of the tumor and its extension into adjacent organs, it was not possible to perform sympatholysis during the biopsy using endoscopic ultrasonography. An attempt of neurolysis through an anterior transabdominal US-guided approach did not bring the desired result. Posterior percutaneous paravertebral CT-guided approach provided a significant relief of the patient's condition.Comparisons of different methods of the celiac plexus neurolysis and their advantages and disadvantages of use in health care institutions of Ukraine are given.If it is impossible to perform neurolysis with the help of endosonography, anterior transabdominal US-guided approach, or if there are difficulties in performing them, we recommend performing neurolysis by posterior percutaneous-paravertebral CT-guided approach.
Simulations Explain the Swelling Behavior of Hydrogels with Alternating Neutral and Weakly Acidic Blocks
Authors: Beyer David , Košovan Peter , Holm Christian
Published: November 2022

We used computer simulations to study the equilibrium swelling of weak (pH-responsive) polyelectrolyte hydrogels as a function of pH and salt concentration in a supernatant solution. Our simulations were designed to represent recently synthesized gels composed of tetrapoly-(acrylic acid) and tetrapoly(ethylene glycol) stars. To model the ionization equilibrium of the weak acid groups and the exchange of small ions with the reservoir, we applied the recently developed Grand-Reaction Monte-Carlo method. We showed that the ionization of these gels as a function of the pH significantly deviates from the ideal Henderson-Hasselbalch equation due to two main contributions: (1) electrostatic interactions and (2) Donnan partitioning of small ions. The first contribution dominates in the gels composed of alternating neutral and acidic blocks, contrasting with our previous observations that both contributions are comparably strong in hydrogels composed of homogeneously distributed weak acid groups. We also critically examined the counterion condensation argument, previously invoked to explain why the experimentally observed swelling was lower than predicted by theory. Thus, a detailed analysis of the simulations allowed us to understand which of the above effects dominates in different systems and why, thereby allowing us to identify the correct physical origin of the deviations from ideal swelling. Such an understanding is important not only for correctly interpreting experimental measurements but also for designing polyelectrolyte gels tailored to exhibit specific swelling response to pH and salt concentration.
Machine Learning of Atomic Dynamics and Statistical Surface Identities in Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Rapetti Daniele , Delle Piane Massimo , Cioni Matteo , Polino Daniela , Ferrando Riccardo , Pavan Giovanni M.
Published: November 2022

It is known that metal nanoparticles (NPs) may be dynamic and atoms may move within them even at fairly low temperatures. Characterizing such complex dynamics is key for understanding NPs’ properties in realistic regimes, but detailed information on, e.g., the stability, survival, and interconversion rates of the atomic environments (AEs) populating them are non-trivial to attain. Here we show a machine learning approach that allows us to reconstruct the complex atomic dynamics of metal NPs from high-dimensional data extracted from molecular dynamics simulations. Using different-shape gold NPs as a representative example, an AEs’ dictionary allows us to label step-by-step the individual atoms in the NPs, identifying the native and non-native AEs and populating them along the MD simulations at various temperatures. Tracking the emergence, annihilation, lifetime, and dynamic interconversion of the AEs, our approach permits estimating a “statistical equivalent identity” for metal NPs based on the intrinsic atomic dynamics present within them.
Liquid crystal templates of mesoporous silica materials
Authors: Sparavigna Amelia Carolina
Published: November 2022

The paper considers the mesophases of lyotropic liquid crystals and their role in creating the scaffold of mesoporous silica materials. It was in 1992 that a Mobil Research group disclosed a method to produce silica particles having a regular network of pores with hexagonal and cubic symmetries. The method was proposed as based on a liquid-crystal 'templating' mechanism. Since the symmetries resulting from the templating of silica scaffolds are those observed in the mesophases of lyotropic liquid crystals, the Mobil Research group supposed the presence of a mesophase directly in a stage of the templating mechanism. Here we discuss the method as it was reported in 1992 and what is today defined as a true liquid-crystal templating approach. It will be stressed that, in any case, the templating is a surfactant-assisted method, that can be better defined as supramolecular templating method. The template mainly happens in the form of a modified Stöber process. In this framework, the cubic phases of liquid crystals will be analyzed in depth. The related surfaces with zero mean curvature (gyroids) will by discussed through a Ginzburg-Landau model.
Multiple Routes to Bicontinuous Cubic Liquid Crystal Phases Discovered by High-Throughput Self-Assembly Screening of Multi-Tail Lipidoids
Authors: Jennings James , Pabst Georg
Published: November 2022

Bicontinuous cubic phases offer advantageous routes to a broad range of applied materials ranging from drug delivery devices to membranes. However, a priori design of molecules that assemble into these phases remains a technological challenge. In this article, high-throughput synthesis of lipidoids which undergo protonation-driven self-assembly (PrSA) into liquid crystalline phases is conducted. With this screening approach we discover 12 different multi-tail lipidoid structures capable of assembling into the bicontinuous double gyroid phase. The large quantity of morphological data uncovers unexpected design criteria that enable phase selection as a function of lipidoid headgroup size and architecture, tail length and architecture and counterion identity. Surprisingly, combining branched headgroups with bulky tails forces lipidoids to adopt unconventional pseudo-disc conformations that pack into double gyroid networks, entirely distinct from other synthetic or biological amphiphiles within bicontinuous cubic phases. From a multitude of possible applications, we demonstrate two examples of functional materials from lipidoid LCs. Firstly, the fabrication of highly aligned lipidoid gyroid films by interfacial PrSA, which are rapidly responsive to the external medium. Secondly, we show that colloidally-dispersed lipidoid cubosomes, e.g. for drug-delivery, are easily assembled using top-down solvent evaporation methods.
The financial accelerator mechanism: does frequency matter?
Authors: Foroni Claudia , Gelain Paolo , Marcellino Massimiliano
Published: November 2022

We use mixed-frequency (quarterly-monthly) data to estimate a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model embedded with the financial accelerator mechanism à la Bernanke et al. (1999). We find that the financial accelerator can work very differently at monthly frequency compared to quarterly frequency; that is, we document its inversion. That is because aggregating monthly data into quarterly data leads to large biases in the estimated quarterly parameters and, as a consequence, to a deep change in the transmission of shocks.
Causes and consequences of external labor migration in Ukraine (on the example of Ivano-Frankivsk region)
Authors: Mykhailіuk Angela , Rovenchak Ivan
Published: November 2022

Migration processes of the XXI century have a significant impact on the development of civil society in Ukraine, as they are characterized by large scale. These processes affect the formation of socio-demographic, economic, political and cultural spheres. In Ivano-Frankivsk region, as in the border area, they are quite dynamic. Coverage of migration processes, in particular, labor migration, during the economic crisis, social instability and hostilities in the country and served as a study of the chosen topic of scientific publication. Based on the methods of analysis and synthesis, the main causes and consequences of migration processes in Ivano-Frankivsk region are analyzed. The authors noted the influence of geographical, social and personal factors on the intensification of external migration, and also noted that the economic factor is predominant.

In the scientific work for the first time a thorough analysis of the financial condition of citizens of Ukraine in the calculation of the level of the minimum wage in Ivano-Frankivsk region and within Ukraine, in general. Wages were also compared and their differences between Ukraine and a number of European countries, in particular, in Germany, Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Lithuania. The number of migrants by all types of migration flows during the last year within the Ivano-Frankivsk region is graphically represented by gender. It is established that the majority of migrants are women.

Also an important place in the study was the analysis of migration from 2002 to 2019. In the article highlighting the dynamics of these processes, a comparative analysis of the definition of migration. The authors propose the main steps to improve migration policy, namely: the formation of a clear regional program in the field of migration processes, which will ultimately form the basis for sustainable economic development of the region, wage growth (including minimum wage), increase the employed population (respectively, reducing the number of unemployed), as well as replenishment of local budgets through taxes. The current state of external migration within Ivano-Frankivsk is analyzed. It was revealed that against the background of complex socio-economic reforms in the region there was a reduction in the migration flow of the local population in Ivano-Frankivsk region.
Cómo hemos llegado hasta aquí
Authors:   Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, US, Bailey Jon S. , Burch Mary R. ,   Tallahassee, Florida, US
Published: November 2022

No hay nada más espeluznante y horrible que el abuso y el maltrato de personas inocentes que no pueden protegerse ni defenderse. Todos los días se producen en nuestra cultura incidentes atroces de abusos físicos y emocionales contra animales, niños, mujeres y ancianos, que a menudo se reducen a unas pocas líneas en las noticias locales del periódico. Las personas con trastornos de desarrollo también pueden ser víctimas de abusos. El reprobable maltrato de niños y adultos con discapacidades es especialmente inquietante cuando los abusos vienen de la mano de la profesión que has elegido. Pero esto es exactamente lo que ocurrió en Florida a principios de la década de 1970. Estos abusos cambiaron el curso de la historia del análisis de conducta y del tratamiento de las personas con discapacidad...
La toma de decisiones éticas: Cuestiones éticas sencillas frente a dilemas éticos complejos
Authors:   Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, US, Bailey Jon S. , Burch Mary R. ,   Tallahassee, Florida, US
Published: November 2022

Los analistas de conducta profesionales deben ser competentes en todas las numerosas habilidades de las listas de tareas relacionadas con la profesión. La ética es un área para la que los analistas de conducta certificados (BCBA), analistas de conducta asistentes certificados (BCaBA) y técnicos de conducta registrados (RBT) tienen preguntas continuas mucho después de su entrenamiento inicial de certificación. La variedad de problemas éticos en la práctica diaria abarca una amplia gama de situaciones. Justo cuando crees que lo has oído todo, un analista de conducta se enfrenta a una variación completamente nueva relacionada con una cuestión ética. De forma regular, los supervisores, los asesores, los miembros de la facultad y los expertos del consultorio de dilemas éticos abordan problemas éticos que van desde los más sencillos a los más complejos....
Responsabilidad como profesional
Authors:   Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, US, Bailey Jon S. , Burch Mary R. ,   Tallahassee, Florida, US
Published: November 2022

En comparación con otras profesiones de ayuda, el análisis de conducta ha evolucionado de forma única. Nuestro campo tiene una historia relativamente corta, que se remonta sólo a mediados de la década de 1960, y nuestras raíces están firmemente plantadas en el análisis experimental de la conducta. Los analistas de conducta originales solían ser psicólogos experimentales que reconocieron cómo los procedimientos desarrollados originalmente en el laboratorio de animales podían aplicarse para ayudar a la condición humana. Las primeras aplicaciones con humanos fueron réplicas casi directas de los métodos experimentales (de laboratorio con animales). Estos procedimientos se utilizaron con poblaciones que habían sido abandonadas por los demás profesionales de los servicios de la época...
La responsabilidad en la práctica
Authors:   Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, US, Bailey Jon S. , Burch Mary R. ,   Tallahassee, Florida, US
Published: November 2022

En los primeros tiempos, nuestro campo consistía en psicólogos experimentales que aplicaban los principios de la conducta a los “sujetos” que encontraban en las unidades residenciales de las instituciones estatales. Estos analistas de conducta pioneros no solían tener entrenamiento en psicología clínica. Creían que la conducta podía modificarse mediante procedimientos derivados de la teoría del aprendizaje. No había duda de dónde estaba la responsabilidad; era claramente del empresario. El “cliente” (aunque inicialmente no se utilizaba ese término) era el empresario. El cliente/ empleador era a menudo un superintendente o administrador del centro. En algunos casos, los padres de un niño eran los “clientes”..
Respon Pertumbuhan Stek Pucuk Kenanga (Cananga odorata) terhadap Pemberian Media Tanam dan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh
Authors: Mansur Irdika , Nugraha Taufan
Published: November 2022

Essential oil which is contained on most trees is one of the promising Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) that need to be explored and developed further, for the oil is relatively safe and stores major benefits for local people. There are around 9 -12 types of essential oil that is being developed and one of them is cananga oil, which is available through distillation process of the flowers. The research aims to investigate the ability of cananga to be propagated trough shoot cuttings method, to discover the effects of growing media and plant growth regulators toward the shoot cuttings’ growth and to determine the suitable growth media and plant growth regulators for the cuttings’ development. The collected data were survival rate in percentage, root growth in percentage, height growth, numbers of developed leaf, numbers of developed primary and secondary roots, and also the length of primary roots. The addition of plant growth regulators gave a significant effect toward survival rate (in percentage), height growth and the numbers of developed leaf of the species whereas the addition of growing media and the interaction between the treatments did not give significant effect on the observed traits. All type of media options could be used for cananga shoot cuttings method and the best growth regulator identified in live percentage parameters, high growth and number of leaves on cananga shoot cutting is Rotoone-F. However, in case of rooting, the best growth regulator is found in addition of Rapid root.

Keywords: Cuttings, Cananga, Media, Plant Gowth Regulator
Aspek Imunologi Peran Homosistein Dalam Patogenesis Gangguan Kognitif Pasca Stroke Iskemik
Authors: Harahap Herpan Syafii
Published: November 2022

Sekitar 70% pasien stroke iskemik akut mengalami gangguan kognitif dapat terjadi akibat langsung dari stroke iskemik itu sendiri atau merupakan interaksi dari stroke iskemik dan faktor-faktor risiko yang menyertainya. Kondisi hiperhomosisteinemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko vaskuler yang secara patofisiologik dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan kognitif pasca stroke iskemik. Kondisi tersebut dapat terjadi karena peningkatan rasio SAM/SAH akibat diet tinggi kadar methionin, predisposisi genetik berupa mutasi gen pengkode enzim, dan defisiensi vitamin B6 dan asam folat. Peran homosistein dalam patogenesis terjadinya gangguan kognitif pasca stroke saat ini belum banyak diteliti. Homosistein bersifat toksik dan dapat menginduksi terjadinya respon inflamasi sistemik, disrupsi sawar darah otak, neuroinflamasi, dan kematian sel-sel neuronal yang mengarah pada proses neurodegeneratif. Proses neurodegeneratif pada struktur otak yang mengemban fungsi domain kognitif tertentu akan menyebabkan terganggunya fungsi dari domain kognitif tersebut. Pemahaman aspek imunologi peran homosistein dalam terjadinya gangguan fungsi kognitif pada pasien stroke iskemik tersebut dapat memberikan celah kemungkinan intervensi terhadap homosistein dan respon imunologis yang ditimbulkannya sebagai bagian dari tatalaksana optimal terhadap gangguan kognitif pasca stroke iskemik.
Relative Efficiency of International Airlines
Authors: Araújo Junior Antônio Henriques de , Sampaio Nilo Antonio de Souza , Barros José Glênio Medeiros de , Fonseca Bernardo Bastos da , Almeida Maria da Gloria Diniz de
Published: November 2022

In this paper the results are published of a post-doctorate research done at the Brazilian Aeronautics Technological Institute (ITA) in 2006. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate and to discuss the relative efficiency of the main Brazilian carriers in the period from 2000-2006 by comparing their operational and relative efficiency with international airlines chosen from among benchmarks in this industry. These data, originally collected in 2008, were updated according to the IATA yearbook for the period 2012-2016. For this purpose, the airlines were grouped into 3 classes: Full Cost Companies (FCC’s), Low Cost Companies (LCC’s) and Regionals and 4 scenarios were established. In two of these scenarios (I and II), they were compared, independently of the category and in two of them (scenario III and IV) the comparison was established with airlines of the corresponding class (FCC’s and Regionals). In the survey, 41 international carriers were selected in North and South American, European and Asian markets. The method used in this research is the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is a well-known family of mathematical programming tools, based on the Frontier approach. The results obtained with the utilization of software’s like EMS, and Frontier Analyst allowed to conclude that large airlines with high load factors and a concomitant production of passenger and cargo had the best efficiency score.
A Comparative Analysis of the Factors Predicting Fears of Terrorism and Cyberterrorism in a Developing Nation Context
Authors: Reinhard Golase Petrus
Published: November 2022

Considering the continuous use of cyberspace for cyber-attacks and terrorism, the current study examined the phenomena of the fear of terrorism and cyberterrorism. It also investigates the factors influencing the fear of terrorism and of cyberterrorism and the predictive differences between the two. A multistage random sampling technique was utilized to collect data from 510 Indonesian participants at local administrative units and social networking site users. Structural equation model analysis was performed using SmartPLS 3.3.3 software. The results revealed that of the six predictors, exposure to online news, time spent online, political views, risk of immigrants' cyber-attacks, and religiosity significantly influenced creating fear of cyberterrorism. In contrast, religious service attendance was not significantly related to the creation of cyberterrorism fear among individual individuals. At the same time, all the factors, excluding time spent online, were significant predictors of creating fear of terrorism among the citizens of Indonesia. These findings can be utilized by practitioners, academicians, and government bodies to reduce the fear of terrorism and cyberterrorism among bill citizens of a developing nation by devising strategies and regulations and providing them with cyber security.
Meta-Analisis Praktikalitas Penggunaan E-modul Oleh Guru Dan Peserta Didik Dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Noveridha Utama  , Zulyusri
Published: November 2022

The development of science and technology requires teachers to use information technology-based learning media in the learning process. One of the efforts made by teachers is the use of electronic modules (e-modules). The e-module is an innovation from the print module that can be accessed via smartphone or personal computer (PC). E-modules can display images, videos, audio, and animations, so that the learning process become interactive. This study aims to analyze the practicality of using e-modules for teachers and students. Practicality is the ease of use of the product being develop. Meta-analysis is done by collecting similar articles by searching for articales from several journals via the internet. The sample used in this study was 10 articles related to the use of e-modules. The result of the study found that the average practicality level of using e-modules. The result of the study found that the average practicallity level of using e-modules by teachers was 0,893 in the very practical category, while the average practicality level by students was 0,879 in the very practical category. Based on the result of the analysis of the use of the developed e-module, it can be categorized as practical so that it is suitable for use in the learning process.
Human Dimensions of Pangolin Conservation: Indigenous and Local Knowledge, Ethnozoological Uses, and Willingness of Rural Communities to Enhance Pangolin Conservation in Nepal
Authors: Suwal Tulshi Laxmi , Gurung Sabita , Bakhunchhe Shrestha Manoj , Ingram Daniel J. , Pei Kurtis Jai-Chyi
Published: November 2022

Understanding local knowledge about wildlife, local uses, and local people's willingness to support conservation activities are crucial factors in formulating wildlife conservation strategies. We conducted a semi-structured questionnaire survey of 1017 people from 105 villages located in different ecological regions across all seven Provinces of Nepal. We performed generalized linear mixed modeling (GLMM) to investigate the key drivers influencing respondents' knowledge about pangolins, based on a questionnaire score. We identified provinces, ethnicity, occupation, gender, and age group as strong predictors influencing local ecological knowledge about pangolins. The respondents from provinces in the western part of Nepal represented significantly lower knowledge scores than the respondents from the eastern and central provinces. Similarly, respondents belonging to non-Indigenous groups, students, females, and people aged between 18–30 years had the lowest knowledge scores about pangolins. A range of uses and beliefs about pangolins were reported across Nepal, and 48% of respondents believed that pangolin scales and meat were used for traditional medicines. The majority of respondents (71.1%) were willing to support pangolin conservation in their local areas. Our study suggests that awareness programs, alternative livelihood, and income-generating trainings for local communities could be helpful in enhancing the long-term conservation of pangolins in Nepal. Increased efforts are needed in western Nepal and across the country with non-Indigenous communities, females, young people, and students. Thus, this study offers an important baseline to help design and execute effective community-based conservation actions and management decisions for pangolin conservation.
Automatic detection system for surface defects of home appliances based on machine vision
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Kim Nam-Ho , Lee HyunJun , Jeong HeeJa , Lee JangGoon
Published: November 2022

Quality control in the smart factory manufacturing process is an important factor. Currently, quality inspection of home appliance manufacturing parts produced by the mold process is mostly performed with the naked eye of the operator, resulting in a high error rate of inspection. In order to improve the quality competition, an automatic defect detection system was designed and implemented. The proposed system acquires an image by photographing an object with a high-performance scan camera at a specific location, and reads defective products due to scratches, dents, and foreign substances according to the vision inspection algorithm. In this study, the depth-based branch decision algorithm (DBD) was developed to increase the recognition rate of defects due to scratches, and the accuracy was improved.
Proposal of a Hand Motion and Control Method Matching System for Interaction Optimized for Mixed Reality Control: Focusing on Meta Interface and Augmented Behavior
Authors:   Korean Institute of Smart Media, Lee Saya , Lee Eunjong
Published: November 2022

In an era where non-face-to-face meetings become common, eXtended Reality(XR) is rapidly developing and filling areas that are not satisfied in online meetings based on existing photos/video method. In particular, general users are also able to easily access and use HMD-type mixed reality devices. However, the basic operations applied in HMD-type in Mixed Reality(MR) with hands as the main input tool do not have a standardized system, and each manufacturer operates in a separate response to each other's hand movements. Therefore, this study considered that a systematic hand motion matching system considering the usability and efficiency of operations performed in mixed reality was necessary, and conducted a study to clarify this. First, the basic operation performed in the MR environment and its attributes were investigated, and at the same time, the structure of the hand and the attributes of the possible hand movements were identified. Based on the identified properties, it is intended to present a system that can intuitively and efficiently match basic operation properties in the MR environment with subtle operation properties according to the structure/context of the hand.
ANALISIS INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA (IPM) KABUPATEN PACITAN TAHUN 2018
Authors: Yektiningsih Endang
Published: November 2022

ABSTRAKAnalisi Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) Kabupaten Pacitan Tahun 2018 dengan tujuan (1) mengetahui capaian komponen IPM Kabupaten Pacitan dilihat dari aspek: tingkat kesehatan penduduk, tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan penduduk serta kemampuan daya beli (standar kelayakan hidup) penduduk, (2) mengetahui keterbandingan angka Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Kabupaten Pacitan dengan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis IPM adalah dihitung sebagai rata-rata geometric dari indeks kesehatan, pendidikan dan pengeluaran. Dalam menghitung IPM diperlukan nilai maksimum dan minimum untuk masing-masing indicator. Hasil Analisis menujukkan bahwa selama kurun waktu 2016 hingga 2017, pembangunan manusia di Kabupaten Pacitan menunjukkan perkembangan yang terus meningkat. Capaian   IPM Kabupaten Pacitan pada tahun 2016 adalah 65,74 dan pada tahun 2017 sebesar 66,51 naik sebesar 0,23 point. Nilai IPM Kabupaten Pacitan bila menurut UNDP termasuk kedalam tingkat pembangunan “sedang”. Dengan nilai tersebut IPM Kabupaten Pacitan berada pada peringkat ke-28 dari 38 kabupaten/kota se Jawa Timur, dan meningkat 1 posisi dari tahun sebelumnya. Pada tahun 2017 terjadi peningkatan pada seluruh indikator penyusun IPM. Indeks kesehatan yang diwakili dimensi Umur Panjang dan Hidup Sehat naik yang ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya angka harapan hidup  (AHH) menjadi 71,18 tahun dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya masih sebesar 71,31 tahun. Selanjutnya Indeks pendidikan yang diwakli oleh dimensi naik dengan meningkatnya angka harapan lama sekolah (HLS) menjadi 12,19 tahun, dan rata-rata lama sekolah (RLS) menjadi 7,02 tahun dibandingkan tahun 2016. Indeks daya beli yang diwakili oleh dimensi pengeluaran juga naik yang ditunjukkan dengan meningkatnya pengeluaran per kapita per tahun menjadi 8,048 juta rupiah pada tahun 2016 dibandingkan tahun 2015 yang sebesar 8,088juta rupiah per kapita penduduk per tahun.Kata Kunci : Analisis, Indeks, Manusia.
A Study on the Acceptance of Innovative Technology by Young Farmers: Focusing on Young Farmers Who Grow Strawberries
Authors:   Korean Association of Agricultural and Food Policy, Lee Nam-Soo , Cha Ji-Eun , Jang Dong-Heon
Published: November 2022

This study attempts to investigate the factors that could affect the acceptance of agricultural technologies by considering empirical factors for new agricultural technologies, based on previous studies on the acceptance of new technologies and innovations. In order to test the hypotheses, this study used a sample of 157 young farmers under the age of 39 who grow strawberries nationwide. The results are as follows. First, as a result of verifying the hypothesis on the effect of young farmers’ personal characteristics (innovation, technical competency, self-efficacy) on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, the hypothesis for the innovation was adopted because it directly affected perceived usefulness. And, the hypothesis for the self-efficacy was adopted because it directly affected perceived young farmers’ environmental characteristics (network, social influence) on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, the hypothesis for the network was rejected because no significance was secured in both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. On the other hand, the hypothesis for social influence was adopted because it directly affected perceived ease of use. Third, As a result of verifying the hypothesis on the relationship among the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude toward using, and intention to accept technology, the hypothesis was adopted as it was shown that perceived ease of use had a direct effect on perceived usefulness, perceived usefulness had a direct effect on attitude toward using, and intention to accept technology, and perceived ease of use and attitude toward using, had a direct effect on the intention to accept technology. Summarizing this study, it was analyzed that innovation and selfefficacy among the personal characteristics of young farmers, and social influence among the environmental characteristics of young farmers influenced the acceptance intention of innovative technology. Based on these research results, policy implications for fostering young farmers as the subject of agricultural innovation were presented.
Effects of Food Safety and Food Labelling on Online Food Purchase Behavior
Authors:   Korean Association of Agricultural and Food Policy, Bang Jiin , Yang Lili , Kim Suhyeon
Published: November 2022

The online agri-food market has grown rapidly, accounting for 16% of the total online market. It was surveyed that the proportion of households purchasing food online is increasing, and the frequency of purchase is increasing. In this situation, food safety and food labeling were investigated as important factors in online food purchase. Therefore, in this study, the effect of food safety and food labeling on online food purchase was analyzed for consumers who purchase food online. For the study, data from the 2020 Food Consumption Behavior Survey were used, and PLS-SEM analysis methods suitable for exploratory structural model research were used. As a result of the analysis, it was verified that food safety and food labeling are important factors for consumers who purchase food online. This study is expected to provide basic information on consumer purchasing behavior to online food market stakeholders such as online distributors and producers.
An Analysis on the Performance of Investment and Loan in the Agricultural Sector after the UR Agreement: Utilizing Bivariate Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model
Authors:   Korean Association of Agricultural and Food Policy, Seok Jun Ho , Kim Sanghyun , Kim Ji yeon , Moon Hanpil
Published: November 2022

This study investigated the long-run and short-run impacts of investment and loan in the agricultural sectors by dividing the effect into production, income, productivity, self-sufficiency, and price volatility by utilizing the bivariate Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. In overall, our results present that agricultural investment and loan had a long-run positive effect on value of production, productivity, agricultural income, self-sufficiency, and price volatility. However, the effects of investment and loan are focused on livestock sectors and labor productivity has not improved by those policies. Those results imply the policy of investment and loan in the agricultural sectors has some rooms to be improved. In turn, the government of Korea should redesign the policy of investment and loan in the agricultural sector to improve those policies effects to come up following mega-FTAs trends such as RCEP and CPTPP.
Factors Affecting Hanwoo Beef Consumption: Not Only What, But Also How Matters
Authors:   Korean Association of Agricultural and Food Policy, Chang Jae Bong , Kim MinKyoung , Jeong Kyeong Soo
Published: November 2022

Consumer demand for meat is constantly growing and changing in Korea, and a number of studies have examined the determinants of meat demand, especially hanwoo beef. In addition to domestic Korean beef, consumers encounter various alternatives such as the U.S. and Australian beef in the beef market, and purchase them in consideration of their preferences and economic conditions. The selection attributes among various beef types might be interdependent between alternatives. The issue at hand is how to incorporate consumers considering other alternatives in their purchasing decisions. This study implements the multivariate probit model of Hanwoo beef, U.S. beef, and Australian beef that assesses how consumers’ characteristics and perception of beef attributes influence consumer beef purchasing decisions. Results show that significant correlations exist between origins of beef in the purchase decision, suggesting underlying complementary preferences among various beef origins. Taste and nutrition are found as the key factors in the purchasing decision of hanwoo beef, whereas safety and price are not. Moreover, the results reveal that consumers who regularly consume imported beef frequently purchase Hanwoo beef, meaning that there is a possibility to consider either Hanwoo beef or imported beef depending on the purpose of a dish to be cooked at home. Socioeconomic factors like age, income, family size, marital status and residential region significantly determine consumers’ shopping frequency of Hanwoo beef.