bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The festival of fast-breaking Eid al-Fitr in the Great Mosque of Lhasa. Some observations
Authors: Yang Xiaochun
Published: December 2016

Cet article décrit la fête de la rupture de jeûne célébrée à la fin du Ramadan par les musulmans de Lhasa au Tibet. Il s’appuie sur une enquête de terrain qui s’est déroulée du 6 août au 6 septembre 2011.
Oralité et parole philosophante dans les notes de séminaire de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Temmar Malika
Published: December 2016

Ce texte analyse l’« avant-dire » d’un des séminaires donnés par Jacques Derrida, un texte préparatoire rédigé sur un ordinateur dont les ajouts et les corrections ont été directement intégrés au document matrice, sans qu’il soit possible d’en retrouver la trace. La version publiée de ces enseignements restitue une image très fidèle du document que Derrida avait sous les yeux au moment de prendre la parole : un texte « oralisé » mais complètement rédigé. Si le texte de Derrida ne semble prévoir aucune place pour l’improvisation, on y trouve une parole philosophique, dont la mise en scène est soigneusement prévue, en une sorte de mime d’un discours philosophique spontané. La part d’oralité inscrite dans l’avant-dire, loin d’être contingente, semble faire partie intégrante de la démarche proprement philosophique. On s’efforce ici de voir comment cette oralisation du texte participe non seulement de la construction d’un ethos philosophique, mais aussi d’une démarche de déconstruction.
HIV-1 Latency-Reversing Agents Prostratin and Bryostatin-1 Induce Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption/Inflammation and Modulate Leukocyte Adhesion/Transmigration
Authors: Dental Clélia , Proust Alizé , Ouellet Michel , Barat Corinne , Tremblay Michel J.
Published: December 2016

A shock-and-kill approach involving the simultaneous treatment of HIV-1–infected patients with latency-reversing agents (LRAs) and combination antiretroviral therapy was proposed as a means to eradicate viral reservoirs. Currently available LRAs cannot discriminate between HIV-1–infected and uninfected cells. Therefore, the risks and benefits of using broad-spectrum LRAs need to be carefully evaluated, particularly in the CNS, where inflammation and leukocyte transmigration must be tightly regulated. We used a real-time impedance-sensing system to dynamically record the impact of different classes of LRAs on the integrity of tight monolayers of the immortalized human cerebral microvascular endothelial cell line hCMEC/D3. Results show that prostratin and bryostatin-1 can significantly damage the integrity of an endothelial monolayer. Moreover, prostratin and bryostatin-1 induce secretion of some proinflammatory cytokines and an increase of ICAM-1 expression. Additional studies demonstrated that prostratin and bryostatin-1 also affect adhesion and transmigration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as monocytes in an in vitro human blood–brain barrier (BBB) model. Prostratin and bryostatin-1 could thus be considered as potent regulators of BBB permeability and inflammation that influence leukocyte transport across the BBB. Altogether, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the potential risks and benefits of using a shock-and-kill approach with LRAs on the normal physiological functions of the BBB.
Segnalazioni Faunistiche Italiane
Authors: V.V. A.A.
Published: December 2016

non disponibile
Ecologia, responsabilità e antropocentrismo
Authors: Pessina Adriano
Published: December 2016

Non disponibile / Not available
Ecología y Bioética. La insuficiencia de los límites
Authors: Serrano Ruiz-Calderón José Miguel
Published: December 2016

La ecología y la bioética como disciplinas nuevas aparecen durante el siglo XX como consecuencia del horror producido por los abusos técnico-industriales. Tienen pues un origen común y positivo, como está generalmente admitido. Sin embargo, autores críticos han observado que principalmente la bioética ha derivado en una actitud complaciente que, en definitiva, ha servido como coartada moral a buena parte de los abusos realizados en nombre de la Ciencia. Todo lo que es técnicamente posible hacer se acaba haciendo y además encuentra una justificación bioética construida por los expertos de forma analítica. Se puede sospechar que lo mismo sucede con la ecología. Esto constituye en definitiva una traición a las pretensiones de los fundadores de las nuevas ciencias. No se trata de algo nuevo en la Historia humana donde los hallazgos más valiosos o los valores más altos han sido habitualmente manipulados. Parte del problema actual radica en la divinización del hombre, ya sea en su aspecto individual o bajo el concepto de Humanidad. Paradójicamente esta divinización causa la perdida de la noción de dignidad y favorece la conversión del hombre concreto en mero instrumento de la acción técnica. Nuestra época alberga, sin embargo, motivos para el optimismo. La respuesta fundamental se encuentra en la noción de “límite” o si se prefiere de marco que sitúa al hombre en su lugar en el universo, distinto del puro mundo natural y relacionado con la divinidad. La Humanae Vitae es un ejemplo claro de esta concepción globalizadora. ---------- Ecology and bioethics as new disciplines appear during the twentieth century as a result of horror produced by industrial technical abuses. Therefore they have a common and positive origin, as is generally admitted. However, critics mainly authors have observed that bioethics has led to a complacent attitude that ultimately served as a moral alibi for much of the abuses made in the name of science possible. All that is technically possible is just doing and also finds a justification built by bioethics experts analytically. You may suspect that the same is true in the field of ecology. This is definitely a betrayal of the claims of the founders of the new sciences. This is not something new in human history where the most valuable findings or higher values have been routinely manipulated. Part of the current problem is the deification of man, either in its individual aspect or under the concept of humanity. Paradoxically, this deification causes the loss of the notion of dignity and promotes the conversion of concrete man into a mere instrument of technical action. Our era houses, however, grounds for optimism. The fundamental answer lies in the notion of “limit” or “frame” which puts man in his place in the universe, other than pure natural world and related to divinity. Humanae Vitae is a clear example of this globalizing conception.
La naturaleza dada. Hacia una correcta hermenéutica de la naturaleza, y sus implicancias para el cuidado de la casa común
Authors: Serani Merlo Alejandro
Published: December 2016

La conciencia actual de que estamos haciendo inhabitable la “casa común” para las futuras generaciones, tiene raíces objetivas y subjetivas. Subjetivamente el hombre de la calle percibe con angustia la destrucción de algo que ya no conoce y que no sabe cómo cuidar. La modernidad, con su división entre la res extensa y la res cogitans, condujo a una disociación entre la idea de naturaleza que tiene el hombre común, y la idea docta de naturaleza. Las ontologías doctas de corte materialista o idealista hacen depender la naturaleza de la subjetividad humana, mientras que la experiencia espontánea reconoce en ella una existencia “dada”. Se proponen tres sentidos de “lo dado” que permiten hacerse cargo filosóficamente de la experiencia común. Nos parece imperativo recuperar una concepción realista de la naturaleza que permita establecer límites objetivos a la técnica y a su lógica, que tiende hoy a invadir, todo el ámbito de lo práctico, incluidas la economía y la política. ---------- The current awareness that we are making uninhabitable our “common house” for the future generations has both objective and subjective roots. Subjectively, the common man anxiously perceives the destruction of something that no longer understands and who does not know how to care. With its division among res extensa and res cogitans, modernity leads to dissociation between the common idea of nature and the academic one. The erudite materialistic or idealistic ontologies make depend “nature” from human subjectivity, while, on the contrary, with spontaneous experience we should recognize to it a “given” existence. We suggest here three meanings of the term “given” that allow us to face in a philosophical sense our common experience. It seems necessary to recover a realistic conception of nature that aims to establish objective limits to technique and its logic, which now tends to invade the entire “practical field”, including economics and politics.
Justicia ecológica: la propuesta del Papa Francisco frente a la crisis ambiental
Authors: Bellver Capella Vicente
Published: December 2016

La crisis ecológica ha sido objeto de la atención prioritaria por parte del papa Francisco desde el inicio de su pontificado en 2013 hasta el momento. En mayo de 2015 publicó la Encíclica Laudato si’ sobre el cuidado de la casa común, la primera en el magisterio social de la Iglesia católica íntegramente dedicada a las relaciones del ser humano con la naturaleza. Este trabajo trata de sintetizar los aspectos fundamentales de la enseñanza del papa Francisco sobre la crisis ecológica, que constituye una denuncia profética de la degradación ambiental y la exclusión social que el ser humano está llevando a cabo, y que debe ser combatida con urgencia mediante la conversión personal y la transformación del sistema económico dominante. Esa posición no es completamente nueva porque está enraizada en el magisterio de sus antecesores Juan Pablo II y Benedicto XVI. ---------- Pope Francis has devoted particular attention to the ecological crisis since his election in 2013 until now. In May 2015 he published the Encyclical Letter Laudato si’ on care for our common home, the first of the social magisterium of the Church entirely focus to the relationships between human being and nature. This paper intends to synthetize the main aspects of pope Francis teaching on the ecological crisis, which consists in a prophetic denounce of the environmental degradation and social exclusion caused by the humanity, that has to be fought urgently with the personal conversion and the transformation of the dominant economic system. His position is not completely new because is profoundly rooted in the magisterium of his predecessors, John Paul II and Benedict XVI.
Brock River map-area, District of Mackenzie (97D)
Authors: Balkwill H R , Yorath C J
Published: December 2016

Gently folded, unmetamorphosed Upper Proterozoic (Hadrynian or Neohelikian) sedimentary rocks, with a total exposed thickness of about 6,000 feet, underlie most of the map-area; gabbro sills and dikes locally intrude the strata. Paleozoic marine sedimentary
rocks, ranging from Cambrian to Middle Devonian, unconformably overlie the Proterozoic rocks. Exposed thickness of Paleozoic strata is about 1,700 feet. A regional hiatus separates the Paleozoic rocks and a sequence , about 700 feet thick, of Lower Cretaceous quartz sandstones, siltstones, shale,
and coal. Thick, topographically prominent Pleistocene glacial deposits obscure bedrock throughout wide areas.
Northwesterly trending Coppermine Arch dominates the regional geologic structure. Proterozoic and Phanerozoic epeirogenesis is indicated by unconformities along and adjacent to the arch.
Report of activities for the Core Zone and bounding orogens: recent observations from the New Quebec Orogen in the Schefferville area, Quebec and Labrador, GEM-2 Hudson-Ungava Project
Authors: Corrigan D , Van Rooyen D , Morin A , Houlé M G , Bédard M -P
Published: December 2016

Foreword
The Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals (GEM) program is laying the foundation for sustainable economic development in the North. The Program provides modern public geoscience that will set the stage for long-term decision making related to investment in responsible resource development. Geoscience
knowledge produced by GEM supports evidence-based exploration for new energy and mineral resources and enables northern communities to make informed decisions about their land, economy and society. Building upon the success of its first five-years, GEM has been renewed until 2020 to continue
producing new, publically available, regional-scale geoscience knowledge in Canada's North.
During the summer of 2016, the GEM program successfully carried out 17 research activities that include geological, geochemical and geophysical surveying. These activities have been undertaken in collaboration with provincial and territorial governments, northerners and their institutions, academia
and the private sector. GEM will continue to work with these key collaborators as the program advances.
Whole-rock lithogeochemistry of the Archean intrusion-related Côté Gold Au(-Cu) deposit, Ontario, Canada
Authors: Katz L R , Kontak D J , Dubé B , Mercier-Langevin P , Bécu V , Lauzière K
Published: December 2016

Foreword/Context
The Targeted Geoscience Initiative 4 (TGI-4) was a five year (2010-2015) research program by Natural Resources Canada to conduct collaborative, multidisciplinary, thematic, and knowledge-driven ore systems studies aimed at assisting in the discovery of future resources through more effective
targeting of buried mineral deposits in Canada's established and emerging mining camps.
Seven of Canada's major ore systems were studied through TGI-4, including a major project on lode gold deposits. The TGI-4 Lode Gold project, which comprised numerous site-specific and thematic research activities, covered the entire spectrum of crustal settings for lode gold deposits, from orogenic
banded iron formation-hosted and greenstone-hosted quartz carbonate vein-type gold deposits formed deep in the crust (>5 km), to intrusion-related deposits that are formed at shallower crustal levels (~2-5 km), to deposits formed at or near the seafloor (Dubé et al., 2011). The
main findings of the Lode Gold project are summarized in Dubé et al. (2015, and references therein).
The moderating role of psychological capital in the relationship between job stress and the outcomes of incivility and job involvement amongst call centre employees
Authors: Setar Sarah B. , Buitendach Johanna H. , Kanengoni Herbert
Published: December 2016

Orientation: South African call centres were found to rank amongst those with the highest degree of performance monitoring and feedback. This revelation comes at a time when many scholars concur that research has not entirely succeeded in helping organisations overcome the negative aspects of work and enhance the positive aspects of work, such as job involvement. Research purpose: This study sought to examine the relationship between job stress, job involvement and the display of uncivil behaviour amongst call centre employees, whilst also studying the role of psychological capital (PsyCap) in this relationship. Motivation for the study: The study was prompted by the scarcity of research in the area of PsyCap and job involvement, none of which has examined relationships between job stress and the outcomes of incivility and job involvement and the moderating role of PsyCap in this relationship, focusing on call centre employees. Research design, approach and method: A quantitative design employed a cross-sectional survey to collect data from 104 South African call centre employees using a biographical data sheet, the PsyCap Questionnaire, Job Stress Scale, Uncivil Workplace Behaviour Scale and the Job Involvement Scale. Main findings: PsyCap and uncivil workplace behaviour were negatively related, whilst PsyCap and job involvement were positively related. Job stress held predictive value for incivility and the hostility subscale. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that PsyCap did not moderate the relationship between job stress and incivility and neither did it moderate the relationship between job stress and job involvement.Practical implications: Organisations should work on minimising stressors within the workplace in order to enhance the PsyCap of employees, which not only lowers the risk of incivility displayed by employees but also ensures greater employee involvement. Contribution/value-add: Although previous studies have examined the relationship between stress, incivility and job involvement, no studies have been conducted examining the role of PsyCap in this relationship, especially, more importantly, sampling call centre employees.
South African Journal of Industrial and Organisational Psychology: Annual editorial overview 2015
Authors: Coetzee Melinde , Van Zyl Llewellyn
Published: December 2016

Annual editorial overview 2015.
Percutaneous Direct Needle Puncture and Transcatheter N-butyl Cyanoacrylate Injection Techniques for the Embolization of Pseudoaneurysms and Aneurysms of Arteries Supplying the Hepato-pancreato-biliary System and Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Yadav Rajanikant R , Boruah Deb K , Bhattacharyya Vishwaroop , Prasad Raghunandan , Kumar Sheo , Saraswat V A , Kapoor V K , Saxena Rajan
Published: December 2016

Aims:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of percutaneous direct needle puncture and transcatheter N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) injection techniques for the embolization of pseudoaneurysms and aneurysms of arteries supplying the hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) system and gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

Subjects and Methods:

A hospital-based cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted, where the study group comprised 11 patients with pseudoaneurysms/aneurysms of arteries supplying the HPB system and GI tract presenting to a tertiary care center from January 2015 to June 2016. Four patients (36.4%) underwent percutaneous direct needle puncture of pseudoaneurysms with NBCA injection, 3 patients (27.3%) underwent transcatheter embolization with NBCA as sole embolic agent, and in 4 patients (36.4%), transcatheter NBCA injection was done along with coil embolization.

Results:

This retrospective study comprised 11 patients (8 males and 3 females) with mean age of 35.8 years ± 1.6 (standard deviation [SD]). The mean volume of NBCA: ethiodized oil (lipiodol) mixture injected by percutaneous direct needle puncture was 0.62 ml ± 0.25 (SD) (range = 0.5–1 ml), and by transcatheter injection, it was 0.62 ml ± 0.37 (SD) (range = 0.3–1.4 ml). Embolization with NBCA was technically and clinically successful in all patients (100%). No recurrence of bleeding or recurrence of pseudoaneurysm/aneurysm was noted in our study.

Conclusions:

Percutaneous direct needle puncture of visceral artery pseudoaneurysms and NBCA glue injection and transcatheter NBCA injection for embolization of visceral artery pseudoaneurysms and aneurysms are cost-effective techniques that can be used when coil embolization is not feasible or has failed.
A rigorous setting for the reinitialization of first order level set equations
Authors: Hamamuki Nao , Ntovoris Eleftherios
Published: December 2016

In this paper we set up a rigorous justification for the reinitialization algorithm. Using the theory of viscosity solutions, we propose a well-posed Hamilton-Jacobi equation with a parameter, which is derived from homogenization for a Hamiltonian discontinuous in time which appears in the reinitialization. We prove that, as the parameter tends to infinity, the solution of the initial value problem converges to a signed distance function to the evolving interfaces. A locally uniform convergence is shown when the distance function is continuous, whereas a weaker notion of convergence is introduced to establish a convergence result to a possibly discontinuous distance function. In terms of the geometry of the interfaces, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the continuity of the distance function.We also propose another simpler equation whose solution has a gradient bound away from zero.
Effectiveness of Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adults With Musculoskeletal Conditions of the Forearm, Wrist, and Hand: A Systematic Review
Authors: Roll Shawn C. , Hardison Mark E.
Published: December 2016

Occupational therapy practitioners are key health care providers for people with musculoskeletal disorders of the distal upper extremity. It is imperative that practitioners understand the most effective and efficient means for remediating impairments and supporting clients in progressing to independence in purposeful occupations. This systematic review provides an update to a previous review by summarizing articles published between 2006 and July 2014 related to the focused question, What is the evidence for the effect of occupational therapy interventions on functional outcomes for adults with musculoskeletal disorders of the forearm, wrist, and hand? A total of 59 articles were reviewed. Evidence for interventions was synthesized by condition within bone, joint, and general hand disorders; peripheral nerve disorders; and tendon disorders. The strongest evidence supports postsurgical early active motion protocols and splinting for various conditions. Very few studies have examined occupation-based interventions. Implications for occupational therapy practice and research are provided.
Willard and Spackman’s Enduring Legacy for Future Occupational Therapy Pathways
Authors: Mahoney Wanda J. , Peters Christine O. , Martin Peggy M.
Published: December 2016

Helen Willard (1894–1980) and Clare Spackman (1909–1992) paved the way for modern and future occupational therapy. This article validates the need for historical research in occupational therapy and presents a historical study on how the personal and professional collaboration of Willard and Spackman influenced occupational therapy. Data were gathered from archival documents, private papers, and 10 oral histories with colleagues, students, family, and friends. We used text analysis with triangulation to develop themes to reconstruct a proximity of the historical story. Two major themes that describe Willard’s and Spackman’s influence on occupational therapy are (1) Enduring Legacies and (2) Sacred Solitude and Chosen Gatherings. Subthemes within Enduring Legacies include Guiding Practice, Leaders in Service, and Educational Leadership. These women strongly influenced practitioners worldwide while maintaining the sacredness of their private lives. Their example can serve as a model for current and future occupational therapy practitioners and leaders.
O Fundo constitucional de Financiamento do Centro-Oeste - FCO influencia o desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo?
Authors: Matsumoto Alberto Shigueru , De Bittencourt Jairo Alano , Da Silva Ricardo Gonçalves da , Amorim Renata Cristina Silva
Published: December 2016

O objetivo da pesquisa foi investigar se os empreendedores utilizam ou não as linhas de financiamento do governo, principalmente o FCO - Fundo Constitucional de Financiamento do Centro-Oeste, e em caso negativo, os motivos dessa não utilização. Para isso, foram efetuados levantamentos de dados a respeito de contratações do FCO, do atendimento do SEBRAE ao público e de questionários aplicados diretamente junto de uma amostra de 50 empresários na Semana do Microempreendedor Individual do SEBRAE, no Distrito Federal. O resultado da pesquisa apresentou um desconforto ou falta de informação para iniciar/manter seus negócios com o apoio do Governo, mesmo tendo o FCO o objetivo de contribuir para o desenvolvimento econômico e social da região, mediante a execução de programas de financiamento aos setores produtivos e com baixas taxas de juros. A pesquisa apresentou que o FCO não influencia no crescimento do empreendedorismo no Distrito Federal. Há falta de conhecimento e o argumento de que há excesso de regras não se mostra totalmente verdadeira, pois a maioria dos entrevistados por desconhecimento não tentaram contratar a linha de financiamento e aqueles que optaram por utilizá-la não apontaram dificuldades.
Metodologias da Engenharia de Requisitos: identificação e avaliação das orientações
Authors: Paldês Roberto Avila , Calazans Angélica Toffano Seidel , Maia Tiago Pincowscy Cardoso , Brito Isabel Sofia Sousa , Mariano Ari Melo
Published: December 2016

Este artigo parte de uma revisão sistemática para avaliar as abordagens existentes no domínio da Engenharia de Requisitos (ER) e suas implementações. O objetivo foi identificar quais as metodologias da ER são mais citadas no meio acadêmico, identificando as orientações existentes e as que despertam mais interesse no meio acadêmico e/ou na indústria. Foram utilizadas as bases da Web of Science e o Google Acadêmico, considerando o período de 20 anos (1994 a 2015). A partir da definição da metodologia da pesquisa, foram elaboradas questões para avaliar a qualidade e adequação dos trabalhos ao contexto da investigação. Foram analisados 184 artigos, sendo identificadas as metodologias Goal, Scenario e Object-oriented como as mais representativas em quantitativo de artigos e citações. Identificou-se também que acerca da  metade dos trabalhos possui experimentação e que, quando ela ocorre, prevalece no contexto industrial. O trabalho complementa a visão de trabalhos anteriores que abordam as técnicas usadas em fases específicas da ER.
Uma análise da mudança de paradigma na gestão para os stakeholders aplicada no Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica – CADE, na implantação do projeto: CADE sem papel (Sistema Eletrônico de Informações – SEI)
Authors: Polacchini Dirceu Teixeira
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo faz uma análise do impacto da sinergia na gestão de stakeholders em projetos complexos, tomando por base o projeto “Cade sem Papel” do Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica - Cade, cujo objetivo principal é a implantação do processo eletrônico por meio da adoção do Sistema Eletrônico de Informação – SEI. O estudo se baseia nos fundamentos estabelecidos no PMI (Project Managment Institute) para o gerenciamento dos interessados seguindo o modelo tradicional e considera a análise da sinergia na governança do projeto com a aplicação da retroalimentação sistêmica e dinâmica (em tempo real) visando a minimizar os efeitos da entropia. O estudo parte de uma análise descritiva do caso por meio de pesquisa documental e participativa, com resultados que evidenciam as integrações da metodologia do Guia do Conhecimento em Gerenciamento de Projetos – PMBOK. Os processos sinérgicos foram efetivos a ponto de possibilitar a implantação da solução num curto intervalo de tempo gerando um processo global de mudança nas áreas fim e meio, bem como para toda a sociedade. O marco temporal dessa mudança foi o dia 1º de janeiro de 2015, data a partir da qual o Cade passou a utilizar unicamente processos eletrônicos. Para o sucesso nas alterações dos procedimentos operacionais da autarquia adota-se um modelo efetivo de endomarketing que capacitou os 320 servidores, incluindo os ocupantes de cargos mais elevados. O reconhecimento social pode ser expresso por meio do prêmio da Transparência Ativa alcançado por uma entrega do projeto em concurso promovido pela Controladoria-Geral da União - CGU.
Liderança Organizacional:um levantamento bibliográfico
Authors: Reis Neto Mário Teixeira
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho tem por objetivo identificar e descrever os resultados de estudos realizados sobre liderança organizacional disponibilizados em uma base eletrônica de dados específica. A pesquisa é caracterizada como levantamento bibliográfico. Para isto, consultaram-se artigos da base eletrônica  Scientific Periodicals Eletrônic Library – SPELL. A busca filtrou e selecionou artigos, em português da área de administração, que abordam o tema liderança organizacional. Desse modo, foi possível apresentar um resumo dos resultados de estudos (artigos), registrados nessa base eletrônica de dados, que abordam o tema liderança organizacional.
Long-term observations of cloud condensation nuclei in the Amazon rain forest – Part 1: Aerosol size distribution, hygroscopicity, and new model parametrizations for CCN prediction
Authors: Pöhlker Mira L. , Pöhlker Christopher , Ditas Florian , Klimach Thomas , Hrabe de Angelis Isabella , Araújo Alessandro , Brito Joel , Carbone Samara , Cheng Yafang , Chi Xuguang , Ditz Reiner , Gunthe Sachin S. , Kesselmeier Jürgen , Könemann Tobias , Lavrič Jošt V. , Martin Scot T. , Mikhailov Eugene , Moran-Zuloaga Daniel , Rose Diana , Saturno Jorge , Su Hang , Thalman Ryan , Walter David , Wang Jian , Wolff Stefan , Barbosa Henrique M. J. , Artaxo Paulo , Andreae Meinrat O. , Pöschl Ulrich
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Size-resolved long-term measurements of atmospheric aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations and hygroscopicity were conducted at the remote Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) in the central Amazon Basin over a 1-year period and full seasonal cycle (March 2014–February 2015). The measurements provide a climatology of CCN properties characteristic of a remote central Amazonian rain forest site.The CCN measurements were continuously cycled through 10 levels of supersaturation (S  =  0.11 to 1.10 %) and span the aerosol particle size range from 20 to 245 nm. The mean critical diameters of CCN activation range from 43 nm at S  =  1.10 % to 172 nm at S  =  0.11 %. The particle hygroscopicity exhibits a pronounced size dependence with lower values for the Aitken mode (κAit  =  0.14 ± 0.03), higher values for the accumulation mode (κAcc  =  0.22 ± 0.05), and an overall mean value of κmean  =  0.17 ± 0.06, consistent with high fractions of organic aerosol.The hygroscopicity parameter, κ, exhibits remarkably little temporal variability: no pronounced diurnal cycles, only weak seasonal trends, and few short-term variations during long-range transport events. In contrast, the CCN number concentrations exhibit a pronounced seasonal cycle, tracking the pollution-related seasonality in total aerosol concentration. We find that the variability in the CCN concentrations in the central Amazon is mostly driven by aerosol particle number concentration and size distribution, while variations in aerosol hygroscopicity and chemical composition matter only during a few episodes.For modeling purposes, we compare different approaches of predicting CCN number concentration and present a novel parametrization, which allows accurate CCN predictions based on a small set of input data.
Sixty years of radiocarbon dioxide measurements at Wellington, New Zealand 1954–2014
Authors: Turnbull Jocelyn C. , Mikaloff Fletcher Sara E. , Ansell India , Brailsford Gordon , Moss Rowena , Norris Margaret , Steinkamp Kay
Published: December 2016

Abstract. We present 60 years of Δ14CO2 measurements from Wellington, New Zealand (41° S, 175° E). The record has been extended and fully revised. New measurements have been used to evaluate the existing record and to replace original measurements where warranted. This is the earliest atmospheric Δ14CO2 record and records the rise of the 14C "bomb spike", the subsequent decline in Δ14CO2 as bomb 14C moved throughout the carbon cycle and increasing fossil fuel CO2 emissions further decreased atmospheric Δ14CO2. The initially large seasonal cycle in the 1960s reduces in amplitude and eventually reverses in phase, resulting in a small seasonal cycle of about 2 ‰ in the 2000s. The seasonal cycle at Wellington is dominated by the seasonality of cross-tropopause transport, and differs slightly from that at Cape Grim, Australia, which is influenced by anthropogenic sources in winter. Δ14CO2 at Cape Grim and Wellington show very similar trends, with significant differences only during periods of known measurement uncertainty. In contrast, Northern Hemisphere clean air sites show a higher and earlier bomb 14C peak, consistent with a 1.4-year interhemispheric exchange time. From the 1970s until the early 2000s, the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Δ14CO2 were quite similar, apparently due to the balance of 14C-free fossil fuel CO2 emissions in the north and 14C-depleted ocean upwelling in the south. The Southern Hemisphere sites show a consistent and marked elevation above the Northern Hemisphere sites since the early 2000s, which is most likely due to reduced upwelling of 14C-depleted and carbon-rich deep waters in the Southern Ocean. This developing Δ14CO2 interhemispheric gradient is consistent with recent studies that indicate a reinvigorated Southern Ocean carbon sink since the mid-2000s, and suggests that upwelling of deep waters plays an important role in this change.
VIC-CropSyst: A regional-scale modeling platform to simulate the
nexus of climate, hydrology, cropping systems, and human decisions
Authors: Malek Keyvan , Stockle Claudio , Chinnayakanahalli Kiran , Nelson Roger , Liu Mingliang , Rajagopalan Kirti , Barik Muhammad , Adam Jennifer
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Food supply is affected by a complex nexus of land, atmosphere, and human processes, including short- and long-term stressors (e.g., drought and climate change, respectively). A simulation platform that captures these complex elements can be used to inform policy and best management practices to promote sustainable agriculture. We have developed a tightly-coupled framework using the macroscale Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologic model and the CropSyst agricultural model. A mechanistic irrigation module has been developed for inclusion in this framework. The performance of VIC-CropSyst was evaluated using two flux tower sites located in agricultural fields in the U.S. (Nebraska and Illinois). The agreement between recorded and simulated evapotranspiration (ET), applied irrigation water, soil moisture, leaf area index (LAI), and yield indicated that, although the model is intended to work at regional scales, it also captures field scale processes in agricultural areas. We also evaluated the regional simulations of VIC-CropSyst's ET over the Washington, Idaho and Oregon in the U.S. VIC-CropSyst is being used in conjunction with socio-economic models, river system models and atmospheric models to simulate the feedback processes between regional water availability, agricultural water management decisions and land-atmospheric interactions.
Simulation of an offshore wind farm using fluid power for centralized electricity generation
Authors: Jarquin Laguna Antonio
Published: December 2016

Abstract. A centralized approach for electricity generation within a wind farm is explored through the use of fluid power technology. This concept considers a new way of generation, collection and transmission of wind energy inside a wind farm, in which electrical conversion does not occur during any intermediate conversion step before the energy has reached the offshore central platform. A numerical model was developed to capture the relevant physics from the dynamic interaction between different turbines coupled to a common hydraulic network and controller. This paper presents two examples of the time-domain simulation results for a hypothetical hydraulic wind farm subject to turbulent wind conditions. The performance and operational parameters of individual turbines are compared with those of a reference wind farm with conventional technology turbines, using the same wind farm layout and environmental conditions. For the presented case study, results indicate that the individual wind turbines are able to operate within operational limits with the current pressure control concept. Despite the stochastic turbulent wind input and wake effects, the hydraulic wind farm is able to produce electricity with reasonable performance in both below and above rated conditions.
A EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR COMO CONSTRUÇÃO DA ESPERANÇA NO CENTRO DE FORMAÇÃO URBANO-RURAL IRMÃ ARAÚJO - CEFURIA
Authors: Ahlert Alvori
Published: December 2016

No presente artigo discutimos a esperança como um conceito/categoria em formação popular, desenvolvida pelo Centro de Formação Urbano-Rural Irmã Araújo – CEFURIA. As investigações fundamentam-se na participação dos diálogos de avaliação e nos relatórios e quadros de análise produzidos pelo grupo investigador da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos – UNISINOS e em documentos produzidos pelo próprio CEFURIA. Como referencial teórico, elegemos as obras de Jürguen Moltmann, Ernst Bloch, Paulo Freire, Alfonso Torres Carrillo e Danilo Streck. A pesquisa evidenciou que a esperança/utopia é um conceito/categoria que perpassa toda a trajetória do CEFURIA e representa a busca pela construção de uma grande utopia: a esperança de construção do socialismo, compreendido como uma sociedade, justa, fraterna e democrática.
APRENDIZAGENS E EXPERIÊNCIAS: A LICENCIATURA EM EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO DA UFMG COMO ESPAÇO DE MEDIAÇÃO ENTRE MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: De Mari Cézar Luiz , Horácio Amarildo Souza , Loures dos Santos Marcelo
Published: December 2016

Os autores deste artigo analisam a experiência de implantação das duas primeiras turmas do curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo (LeCampo), da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). O objetivo foi compreender os níveis da participação dos Movimentos Sociais que originaram a proposta e os processos educativos decorrentes do programa. A categoria organicidade foi o guia das análises, destacando a necessária mediação político-pedagógica dos sujeitos no projeto. Concluímos que a maior ou menor participação dos sujeitos consolida ou não o princípio educativo em projetos com foco em políticas para educação do campo.
O CARÁTER EDUCATIVO DAS NARRATIVAS ORAIS DOS ANCIÕES DA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA MORRINHOS/POCONÉ-MT
Authors: Castillho Suely Dulce de , Campos Jocimar Jesus
Published: December 2016

O objetivo do presente artigo é estabelecer a relação entre as narrativas orais da comunidade quilombola de Morrinhos localizada no município de Poconé, no Estado de Mato Grosso e, os processos educativos que são construídos por meio delas no interior da ambiência familiar.A metodologia utilizada foia história ora,  e o principal instrumento de coleta de informações foi a entrevista,por meio do qual foi possivel registrar as narrativas que os anciões partilham com a comunidade. Os resultados apontam que os velhos ainda desempenham função importante na preservação da memória dessa comunidade, contribuindo como desencadeadores de significados essenciais no processo de constituição sociocultural dos sujeitos, mais especificamente, reforçando valores nas crianças e jovens, tais como respeito à natureza e obediência aos mais velhos.
A CONGADA COMO ESPAÇO DE SOCIALIZAÇÃO E APRENDIZAGEM: ENTRE O PASSADO E O PRESENTE
Authors: Damascena Adriane Alvaro
Published: December 2016

Este texto procura apresentar como se dá parte da dinâmica produzida pela relação entre os jovens, a cidade e a congada, numa contínua e descontínua relação de constituição e aprendizagem. A partir dos jovens congadeiros foi possível compreender como, em Goiânia, se configuram as práticas socioespaciais da congada numa troca com os mais velhos e com a própria cidade. Nessa busca, foi necessário recorrer à bibliografia referente à temática e ao trabalho de campo, que implicou o registro fotográfico e entrevista. A congada, que é celebrada por meio dos ternos de congo, tem sua principal atuação nos festejos que comemoram Nossa Senhora do Rosário. Os jovens foram o principal canal de tradução para conhecer as possíveis conexões que apontam a existência e a permanência da congada na cidade.
INVESTIGATION OF THE VULCANIZATION CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL RUBBER COAGULATED BY MICROORGANISMS
Authors: Li Si-Dong , Chen Jing , Li Le-Fan , Wang Zhi-Fen , Zhong Jie-Ping , Yang Lei
Published: December 2016

The network variations of NR during the vulcanization process were investigated by 1H chemical shift by liquid-state 1H-NMR spectroscopy. NR latexes coagulated by microorganisms (NR-m) or acid (NR-a) were contrasted. The influences of coagulation on the structures, vulcanization characteristics, and mechanical properties of NR were analyzed. The results show that the cross-link density (XLD) and mass percentage of cross-link network [A(Mc)] increased with the increment of the vulcanization time, whereas the mass percentage of bangling free ends of the hydrocarbon and small molecules [A(T2)], the longitudinal relaxation time (T1), the transverse relaxation time (T2), and the molecular mass of inter–cross-link chains (Mc) decreased with the prolonging of vulcanization time for both NR-m and NR-a. Although NR-m exhibits shorter scorch times and optimum cure time, it shows higher maximum torque and minimum torque than that of NR-a. It is obvious that the higher XLD and A(Mc), the lower the A(T2), T1, T2, and Mc values of NR-m, resulting in higher stress, tensile strength, and tear strength of NR compounds.
Qualidade da água: fatos e mitos!
Authors: Souza Rafael Queiroz de , Graziano Kazuko Uchikawa
Published: December 2016

Objetivo: Discorrer sobre a importância da água no Centro de Material e Esterilização, as principais evidências de risco, normas, legislação relacionada e orientações para a definição de um sistema de tratamento de água para enxágue de produtos. Método: Revisão narrativa buscando fatos, mitos e descrevendo aspectos relacionados à necessidade de controle da qualidade de água utilizada no processamento de produtos para saúde. Resultados: Relatos de efeitos tóxicos locais e reações pirogênicas em pacientes demandam a padronização e controle de qualidade da água para enxágue de produtos e geração de vapor nas autoclaves. Conclusão: O tratamento e monitoramento da qualidade da água devem ser incorporados pelos serviços de saúde.
EQUIPAMENTO PARA AVALIAÇÃO DA RIGIDEZ DE GEOMATERIAIS SUBMETIDOS À PERCOLAÇÃO DE ÁGUA OU CONTAMINANTES
Authors: Comparin Isadora , Prietto Pedro
Published: December 2016

O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados preliminares de validação de um equipamento de laboratório desenvolvido para avaliar, de forma contínua, as variações na condutividade hidráulica e na rigidez de geomateriais submetidos à percolação de água e/ou outros líquidos. O equipamento possui paredes rígidas e permite a aplicação de carga vertical estática e a medição contínua dos recalques. A medição da rigidez é realizada através de sensores do tipo bender elements. Para validação inicial do equipamento, foram realizados alguns ensaios de determinação da rigidez em corpos de prova de uma areia uniforme com a adição de cimento. Os resultados obtidos, quando comparados a outros publicados na literatura para o mesmo material, demonstrou a validade do equipamento quanto à medição da rididez, indicando a possibilidade da sua aplicação futura em estudos envolvendo a degradação de geomateriais submetidos à percolação de soluções agressivas.
OPTIMAL STRUT-AND-TIE MODELS USING SMOOTH EVOLUTIONARY STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION
Authors: Simonetti Hélio Luiz , Almeida Valério Silva , Neto Luttgardes Oliveira , Neves Francisco Asssis
Published: December 2016

O presente artigo apresenta um procedimento numérico para a obtenção de algumas configurações dos modelos clássicos de bielas e tirantes para certas aplicações estruturais. Para isso, faz-se o uso do método dos elementos finitos com o uso de uma formulação em teoria elasto-linear plana para a geração do elemento finito. Esse procedimento de análise é acoplado com um processo de otimização topológica denominado de SESO - Smoothing Evolutionary Structural Optimization. Esse método SESO baseia-se no procedimento de diminuição progressiva da contribuição de rigidez de elementos ineficientes com menores tensões até que ele não tenha mais influência, como se este estivesse em processo de danificação. São avaliados e comparados alguns exemplos de estruturas onde já se conhece a configuração ótima obtida dos modelos clássicos de bielas e tirantes, onde se demonstra a potencialidade da presente formulação para aplicações em estruturas genéricas.
Association between Framingham risk score and metabolic syndrome in elderly
Authors: Mezzomo Juliana , Pilar Bruna Cocco , Maurer Patrícia , Manfredini Vanusa , Tavares Graziela Morgana Silva , Piccoli Jacqueline Da Costa Escobar
Published: December 2016

Metabolic syndrome is a set of factors that can increase the mortality from cardiovascular disease. Thus, knowledge about the prevalence of MS in the elderly is important, since the risk factors tend to increase significantly with age. The aim of this study is analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among elderly according to the IDF and NCEP criteria and determining its relation to Framingham Risk Score (FRS). Elderly people (60 years old or older) of both genders participated in the study. Volunteers signed a TCLE and were interviewed, as well as physical exams. The biochemical analyzis were performed on an automated analyzer LABTEST, LabMax 240 model with biochemical reagents Labtest brand. For the diagnosis of MS NCEP and IDF criteria were used and cardiovascular risk was estimated by calculating the FRS. Descriptive statistics were performed, chi-square test for ordinal variables and ANOVA or Student-t test for quantitative data. Multivariate analysis was performed by logistic regression (backward conditional method). Differences were considered statistically significant at p ≤ 0.05. The overall prevalence of MS found in the sample following the NCEP and IDF criteria was 55.8% and 60.8%, respectively. No associations were found between gender and diagnostic criteria. Individuals with high+moderate FRS had a higher risk of developing MS compared to those with low FRS. Logistic regression analysis showed an independent association of abdominal adiposity by the IDF criteria (OR 4.8, CI 1.0- 22.1; p = 0.04) and glycemia by NCEP criteria (OR 3.0, CI 1.1-8.4; p = 0.03) with moderate+high FRS. The prevalence of MS was high under both criteria, being more predominant in those patients with moderate+high FRS. Thus, the components of MS abdominal adiposity and glucose levels were associated with increased CRF, indicating that the control of these factors can be decisive in reducing cardiovascular risk in the elderly.
Perfil de segurança de medicamentos antidiabéticos para uso em pacientes idosos com doença renal crônica
Authors: Costa Ana Cláudia Oliveira , Otoni Alba , Morais Aisha Aguiar , Baldoni André Oliveira
Published: December 2016

A prevalência de diabetes mellitus (DM) aumenta com o passar da idade, de modo que 21,6% dos brasileiros com 65 anos ou mais apresentam a doença. DM é uma das causas mais frequentes de doença renal crônica (DRC), sendo que o quadro clínico pode ser agravado com o aumento da idade do paciente. Existem diversas classes de medicamentos antidiabéticos disponíveis, no entanto, a escolha do tratamento para pacientes com DRC deve ser criteriosa, especialmente em idosos. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram analisar o perfil de segurança dos antidiabéticos para uso em pacientes idosos com DRC e categorizá-los quanto ao cuidado na escolha. Para busca das informações, utilizaram-se o Mi-cromedex® e artigos publicados nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO até novembro de 2015. Realizou-se a análise individual do perfil farmacocinético dos antidiabéticos, as possíveis contraindicações e restri-ções de uso em caso de DRC. Observou-se que a clorpropramida deve ser evitada por idosos com DRC. Outros devem ser utilizados com cautela, com base na taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) e clearance de creatinina: nateglinida, liraglutida, exenatida, sitagliptina, vildagliptina, saxagliptina, metformina, pioglitazona, acarbose, insuli¬na e a classe dos inibidores do cotransportador de sódio e glicose 2 (iSGLT2). Opções consideradas seguras são gliclazida, glipizida, repaglinida e linagliptina. Diante do exposto, entende-se que a escolha do antidiabético para idosos com DRC deve ser baseada no perfil farmacocinético dos medicamentos e em parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais do paciente.