bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Passive suppression of radiation of low-frequency underwater noise
Authors: Godin Oleg A.
Published: May 2022

Using an exact solution of the problem of spherical wave diffraction on a fluid sphere, it has been predicted [Godin and Baynes, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 143, EL67–EL73 (2018)] that passive, broadband suppression of radiation of low-frequency sound can be achieved by placing an acoustically compliant object in the vicinity of the source. In underwater acoustics, the compliant object can be realized as an air-filled bladder. One of the promising applications of the technique is to suppress the noise generated by ship propellers. If implemented on a wide scale, the passive noise suppression technique would help to decrease the noise levels due to commercial and recreational vessels and reduce the detrimental effects of anthropogenic noise on marine life. This paper extends the earlier theoretical treatment of the problem to more realistic models of the compliant object such as a gas volume surrounded by a stretchable membrane (a balloon) and a thin shell. The effect of the finite depths of low-frequency noise source and the compliant object on noise levels in the far field will be discussed.
Cancellation of multiple interferers in communication signal
Authors: Song Jiyoung , Kim Donghyeon , Kim J. S.
Published: May 2022

The broadband impulse signal emitted by marine animals is difficult to separate from the communication signal and contaminates the phase of the symbol, causing performance reduction. In a previous study, the Green’s function of this undesired signal was estimated for each path, and the impulse signal was spatially canceled by combining it with adaptive time-reversal processing [Kim et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 150, A195 (2021)]. However, when the number of impulse signals to be canceled exceeds the number of receivers, the degree of freedom in the process of designing the weight vector is limited. In this presentation, we propose an approach that provides degrees of freedom by treating the signal vectors from multiple arrivals as a single constraint. The spatially nulling impulse signal without distorting the phase of the communication signal showed a remarkable improvement in communication performance in the seagoing experimental data. [Work supported by the Agency for Defense Development, South Korea, under Grant UD200010DD.]
Simulating elastic targets for sonar algorithm development
Authors: Dalton Kyle S. , Blanford Thomas E. , Brown Daniel C.
Published: May 2022

Targets interrogated during synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) applications may exhibit elastic scattering behavior and re-radiate sound after the initial geometric returns. This behavior can be a discriminating feature in target identification, but may also obscure nearby targets and make the full scene difficult to comprehend. Advancing algorithms to leverage elastic scattering for target localization and identification requires data with accurate ground truth. There is a shortage of field data containing elastic targets with sufficient quality for algorithm development. Stanton’s 1984 model presents the scattering amplitude of an elastic cylinder as a function of frequency and spherical angles. This presentation uses Stanton’s scattering model to simulate the time series of pressure scattered by the cylinder. This approach allows the target scattering model to be readily coupled with time series models for the environment to generate high fidelity simulated data. Simulated time series are generated for SAS collection geometries. The presentation will explore this modeling approach as a substitute for field data during initial stages of algorithm development for improved target localization. It will investigate the impact of elastic effects on imagery and discuss the limitations of methods used to isolate such effects.
Underwater acoustic communication based on chirp spread spectrum with cyclic shifted PN sequences
Authors: Youn Chang-Hyun , Ra Hyung-In , Jeong Hyun-Woo , Kim Seung-Hwan , Yang Kyeong-Pil , Kim Ki-Man , Kim Wan-Jin
Published: May 2022

In this presentation, we propose a new underwater acoustic communication technique that combines a binary PN (Pseudo Noise) sequence to which cyclic shift is applied and a CSS (Chirp Spread Spectrum) method that is robust against low Doppler shift. PN sequences are known to have sharp autocorrelation function and cyclic properties. In the case of the previous CSS method, 1-bit per symbol was mapped according to the sign of the slope in the time-frequency domain of the chirp signal, but the proposed method maps 2-bit per symbol according to the cyclic shift direction of PN sequence and the slope of the chirp. As a result, the transmission data rate is doubled. For example, “00” symbol is expressed as an up-chirp and right cyclic shifted PN sequence, and “11” symbol can be expressed as a down-chirp and left cyclic shifted PN sequence. This combination can have excellent autocorrelation properties and Doppler shift immunity. The performance of the proposed method will be compared with that of the previous method by presenting the results of the sea trial. [Work supported by the Agency for Defense Development, South Korea, Grant No. UD200002DD.]
Uneven but Conservative Pacing Is Associated With Performance During Uphill and Downhill Running
Authors: Johnson Andrew J. , Schmitt Emily E. , French Jeffrey R. , Johnson Evan C.
Published: May 2022

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between pacing strategy and performance during uphill and downhill running—specifically, what distribution of energy corresponds to faster race finish times between and among participants. Methods: Eighteen years of race data from a 10.2-mile running race with an uphill first half and a downhill second half were analyzed to identify relationships between pacing and performance. A pacing coefficient (PC), equal to a participant’s ascent time divided by finishing time (FT), was used to define each participant’s pacing strategy. The American College of Sports Medicine metabolic running equation was used to estimate energy expenditure during the ascent, descent, and total race. Statistical analyses compared participants’ PC to their FT and finishing place within their age and gender category. Additionally, FT and finishing place were compared between groups of participants who exhibited similar pacing strategies. Results: PCs were positively associated with faster FTs (r2 = .120, P < .001) and better finishing positions (r2 = .104, P < .001). PCs above .600 were associated with the fastest average FTs and best average finishing position within age and gender categories (all P ≤ .047). Conclusions: Participants performed the best when energy expenditure increased no more than 10.4% during the uphill portion compared to their overall average. It is not possible to state that overly aggressive uphill efforts resulted in premature fatigue and thus slower decent times and worse race performance. However, participants should still avoid overly aggressive uphill pacing, as performance was associated with larger PCs.
9/3-Minute Running Critical Power Test: Mechanical Threshold Location With Respect to Ventilatory Thresholds and Maximum Oxygen Uptake
Authors: Ruiz-Alias Santiago A. , Olaya-Cuartero Javier , Ñancupil-Andrade Alberto A. , García-Pinillos Felipe
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The critical power (CP) concept has been extended from cycling to the running field with the development of wearable monitoring tools. Particularly, the Stryd running power meter and its 9/3-minute CP test is very popular in the running community. Locating this mechanical threshold according to the physiological landmarks would help to define each boundary and intensity domain in the running field. Thus, this study aimed to determine the CP location concerning anaerobic threshold, respiratory compensation point (RCP), and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). Method: A group of 15 high-caliber athletes performed the 9/3-minute Stryd CP test and a graded exercise test in 2 different testing sessions. Results: Anaerobic threshold, RCP, and CP were located at 73% (5.41%), 86.82% (3.85%), and 88.71% (5.84%) of VO2max, respectively, with a VO2max of 66.3 (7.20) mL/kg/min. No significant differences were obtained between CP and RCP in any of its units (ie, in watts per kilogram and milliliters per kilogram per minute; P ≥ .184). Conclusions: CP and RCP represent the same boundary in high-caliber athletes. These results suggest that coaches and athletes can determine the metabolic perturbance threshold that CP and RCP represent in an easy and accessible way.
Nature-Based Early Childhood Education and Children’s Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Motor Competence, and Other Physical Health Outcomes: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Johnstone Avril , McCrorie Paul , Cordovil Rita , Fjørtoft Ingunn , Iivonen Susanna , Jidovtseff Boris , Lopes Frederico , Reilly John J. , Thomson Hilary , Wells Valerie , Martin Anne
Published: May 2022

Background: The purpose was to synthesize evidence on the association between nature-based Early Childhood Education (ECE) and children’s physical activity (PA) and motor competence (MC). Methods: A literature search of 9 databases was concluded in August 2020. Studies were eligible if (1) children were aged 2–7 years old and attending ECE, (2) ECE settings integrated nature, and (3) assessed physical outcomes. Two reviewers independently screened full-text articles and assessed study quality. Synthesis was conducted using effect direction (quantitative), thematic analysis (qualitative), and combined using a results-based convergent synthesis. Results: 1370 full-text articles were screened and 39 (31 quantitative and 8 qualitative) studies were eligible; 20 quantitative studies assessed PA and 6 assessed MC. Findings indicated inconsistent associations between nature-based ECE and increased moderate to vigorous PA, and improved speed/agility and object control skills. There were positive associations between nature-based ECE and reduced sedentary time and improved balance. From the qualitative analysis, nature-based ECE affords higher intensity PA and risky play, which could improve some MC domains. The quality of 28/31 studies was weak. Conclusions: More controlled experimental designs that describe the dose and quality of nature are needed to better inform the effectiveness of nature-based ECE on PA and MC.
Association of Diet and Antimicrobial Resistance in Healthy U.S. Adults
Authors: Oliver Andrew , Xue Zhengyao , Villanueva Yirui T. , Durbin-Johnson Blythe , Alkan Zeynep , Taft Diana H. , Liu Jinxin , Korf Ian , Laugero Kevin D. , Stephensen Charles B. , Mills David A. , Kable Mary E. , Lemay Danielle G.
Published: May 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a considerable burden to health care systems, with the public health community largely in consensus that AMR will be a major cause of death worldwide in the coming decades. Humans carry antibiotic resistance in the microbes that live in and on us, collectively known as the human microbiome.
Microbiome Profiling of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Carriers Highlights Signature Differences between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Higginson Ellen E. , Sayeed M. Abu , Pereira Dias Joana , Shetty Vignesh , Ballal Mamatha , Srivastava Sunil Kumar , Willis Ian , Qadri Firdausi , Dougan Gordon , Mutreja Ankur
Published: May 2022

Enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli
(ETEC) is an important cause of diarrhea in children in low- and middle-income countries. However, these bacteria are often identified in both patients and healthy controls.
A Vancomycin HPLC Assay for Use in Gut Microbiome Research
Authors: Hu Chenlin , Beyda Nicholas D. , Garey Kevin W.
Published: May 2022

Research on antibiotic effect on the gut microbiome is an emerging field with standardization of research methods needed. In this study, a simple and fast high-performance liquid chromatography method was validated for quantitative fecal vancomycin analysis.
Prenatal Stress and Adaptive Behavior of Offspring: The Role of Placental Serotonin
Authors: Bondarenko N. S. , Voronova S. N. , Voronezhskaya E. E. , Melnikova V. I.
Published: May 2022

The effect of mild prenatal stress in mice, leading to an increase in the placental serotonin level, on the formation of adaptive behavior in male offspring at the age of 35 days was studied. It was shown that, in BalbC mice, daily immobilization for 1 h during the period from 11 to 14 days of pregnancy led to an increase in placental and fetal serotonin levels on the 15th day of prenatal development. According to “resident–intruder” behavioral test, the prenatally stressed mice showed more reactive behavior in adulthood and low tendency to defend their territory. Thus, placental serotonin, formed under the stress condition, may act as a mediator between the environment and the fetuses and determine the adaptive behavior of offspring.
5-Azacytidine Suppresses the Expression of Tissue-Specific Oct-1 Isoform in Namalwa Burkitt’s Lymphoma Cell Culture
Authors: Kotnova A. P. , Stepchenko A. G. , Ilyin Yu. V. , Georgieva S. G. , Pankratova E. V.
Published: May 2022

Overexpression of the transcription factor POU2F1 (Oct-1) increases the malignant potential of the tumor and determines the unfavorable prognosis for both solid and hematological cases of the disease in human carcinogenesis. The Oct-1 level determines the rate of development of the disease in acute myelodysplastic leukemia (AML), and a decrease in its expression significantly delays the development of leukemia in mice; however, a complete knockout of Oct-1 leads to the death of the animals. POU2F1 (Oct-1) is expressed as several isoforms transcribed from alternative promoters. They include both ubiquitous and tissue-specific isoforms. It was shown that in Burkitt’s lymphoma Namalwa cells 5-azacytidine specifically suppresses the expression of the tissue-specific isoform Oct-1L mRNA (level of Oct-1L is abnormally increased in these cells), while not causing changes in the amount of the ubiquitous isoform Oct-1A mRNA. These results show that it is possible to selectively reduce the transcription level of the Oct-1L isoform aberrantly expressed in human tumor cells.
The Emergence of a New Isoform of POU2F1 in Primates through the Use of Egoistic Mobile Genetic Elements
Authors: Lyanova B. M. , Kotnova A. P. , Makarova A. A. , Ilyin Yu. V. , Georgieva S. G. , Stepchenko A. G. , Pankratova E. V.
Published: May 2022

The emergence of new genes and functions is of paramount importance in the emergence of new animal species. For example, the insertion of the mobile element Tigger 2 into the sequence of the functional gene POU2F1 in primates led to the formation of a new chimeric primate-specific isoform POU2F1Z, the translation of which is activated under cellular stress. Its mRNA was found in all species of monkeys, starting with macaques. Analysis of the fragments of the Tigger2 copy corresponding to the human exon Z showed that the splicing sites of exon Z are homologous in humans and in most monkeys, with the exception of lemurs and galagos. The stop codon introduced into the mRNA by the Tigger2 sequence is present in all primates, starting with macaques. The internal ATG codon is also present in all primates, with the exception of lemurs and galagos. In the course of evolution, other MGEs, mainly of the SINE type, were inserted into the Tigger2 copy. In the course of evolution, both the location and the number of mobile SINE elements within the POU2F1 gene changed. Starting with macaques, the pattern of the arrangement of SINE elements within the Tigger2 copy in the studied region of the POU2F1 gene was fixed and then remained unchanged in other primates and humans, which may indicate its functional significance.
Molecular characteristics of salty ions in phospholipid bilayer under electric field
Authors: Ranzhou Yanxi , Wang Xiao
Published: May 2022

The diffusion of salty ions has a great impact on the motor ability of muscle, and revealing the diffusion properties of ions with different concentrations in phospholipid bilayer under electric field is of great significance to the study of ion loss on the skin. In this paper, the diffusion properties of charged ions under electric field are studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Mean square displacement (MSD) was studied to reveal the displacement of ions in phospholipid bilayer. In addition, the relative concentration is also utilized to reveal the local concentration of ions in the direction of the electric field. The data shows that the negatively charged ions (Cl[Formula: see text], HCO3 HCO[Formula: see text], SO[Formula: see text] have much stronger diffusion capacity, compared to the positive charged ions (Na[Formula: see text], K[Formula: see text], Mg[Formula: see text] in the simulation systems. Furthermore, the diffusion property of ions becomes stronger with the increase of ion concentration.
Temperature effects on liquid and crystalline state of SW-Germanium in supercooled region
Authors: Gautam Arvind K. , Sharma Arisha , Srivastava Sakshi , Kumar Aadarsh
Published: May 2022

Germanium is one of the important substances existing in liquid, solid or gaseous states at different thermodynamic conditions. It shows interesting behavior in supercooled region including anomalous changes with thermodynamic properties. The pure and crystalline germanium can be considered as semiconductor as it represents a quite similar appearance as elemental silicon. Further, this substance (i.e., Germanium (Ge)) shows many thermodynamic similarities just like silicon, water and various other tetrahedral liquids (i.e., the liquid substance which shows the connection of its central atom with four faces of substituents located at the corners of a tetrahedron in the structure forming a polyhedral angle) which represents density maximum at some certain supercooled states. It is very difficult to simulate this substance at or near the transition temperature ([Formula: see text]) as it shows anomalous dependency with respect to temperature. Therefore, we want to focus our study on this material to understand its detailed behavior in supercooled region. This study represents a detailed analysis on the liquid-crystal phase transition of this substance (germanium) by using the suitable Stillinger–Weber potential model. We performed molecular dynamic (MD) simulation technique with canonical ensemble (NVT) to analyze liquid-crystal phase transition more significantly. Further, we predicted some interesting features of crystalline Germanium and found its stability at or near the transition temperature. The computed results have been found consistent mostly with the literature. This study would be helpful to define the qualitative germanium with consistent thermodynamic conditions at industrial level.
Primitive normal values of rational functions over finite fields
Authors: Sharma Avnish K. , Rani Mamta , Tiwari Sharwan K.
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we consider rational functions [Formula: see text] with some minor restrictions over the finite field [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] for some prime [Formula: see text] and positive integer [Formula: see text]. We establish a sufficient condition for the existence of a pair [Formula: see text] of primitive normal elements in [Formula: see text] over [Formula: see text] Moreover, for [Formula: see text] and rational functions [Formula: see text] with quadratic numerators and denominators, we explicitly find that there are at most [Formula: see text] finite fields [Formula: see text] in which such a pair [Formula: see text] of primitive normal elements may not exist.
Economic Impacts of Carbon Tax in a General Equilibrium Framework: Empirical Study of Japan
Authors: Yoshino Naoyuki , Rasoulinezhad Ehsan , Taghizadeh-Hesary Farhad
Published: May 2022

This study tries to find new insights of implementations of carbon tax policy as a suitable way to reach the long-term zero-carbon plan. This paper explores how carbon tax can affect the macroeconomy in Japan through the structural vector autoregression (S-VAR) technique conducted for the quarterly data throughout 2005–2020. A theoretical general equilibrium model backs the empirical analysis. The major findings reveal that any increase in energy price from the carbon tax will lead to an increase in interest rate, exchange rate, and consumer price index while there is a negative relationship between energy price increase from carbon tax and real gross domestic product (GDP) in Japan. Carbon Policy Refolution ([Formula: see text]), refunding carbon tax revenues, and adaptation of long-term policy of net zero GHG emissions by 2050 with the current situation of Japan’s power sectors are the major practical policies of this study.
Integrating Global and Local Feature Selection for Multi-Label Learning
Authors: Zhang Zan , Liu Lin , Li Jiuyong , Wu Xindong
Published: May 2022

Multi-label learning deals with the problem where an instance is associated with multiple labels simultaneously. Multi-label data is often of high dimensionality and has many noisy, irrelevant, and redundant features. As an important machine learning task, multi-label feature selection has received considerable attention in recent years due to its promising performance in dealing with high-dimensional multi-label data. Existing multi-label feature selection methods typically select the global features which are shared by all instances in a dataset. However, these multi-label feature selection methods may be suboptimal since they do not consider the specific characteristics of instances. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm that integrates Global and Local Feature Selection (GLFS) to exploit both the global features and a subset of discriminative features shared only locally by a subgroup of instances in a multi-label dataset. Specifically, GLFS employs linear regression and ℓ
2,1
-norm on the regression parameters to achieve simultaneous global and local feature selection. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has an effective mechanism for utilizing label correlations to improve the feature selection. Experiments on real-world multi-label datasets show the superiority of GLFS over the state-of-the-art multi-label feature selection methods.
Exchange of Human Data Across International Boundaries
Authors: Bentzen Heidi Beate
Published: May 2022

There is a need to share personal data across jurisdictional boundaries. However, the laws regulating such transfers are not harmonized, and sometimes even conflict, causing challenges and occasional data stalls. This review describes the legal landscape for transfer of human data across international boundaries. The European Union's data protection legislation is used as the starting point for illustrating the legislation of countries across the world, how these diverge, and one's options for exchanging human data internationally in a legally compliant manner.
The Genetic, Environmental, and Cultural Forces Influencing Youth Antisocial Behavior Are Tightly Intertwined
Authors: Burt S. Alexandra
Published: May 2022

The aggressive and rule-breaking behaviors that constitute youth antisocial behavior (ASB) are shaped by intertwined genetic, developmental, familial, spatial, temporal, cultural, interpersonal, and contextual influences operating across multiple levels of analysis. Genetic influences on ASB, for example, manifest in different ways during different developmental periods, and do so in part as a function of exposure to harsh parenting, delinquent peers, and disadvantaged neighborhoods. There is also clear evidence documenting societal effects, time-period effects, sex-assigned-at-birth effects, and cohort effects, all of which point to prominent (and possibly interconnected) cultural influences on ASB. In short, ASB is shaped by individuals’ current and prior environmental experiences, genetic risks, and the time and place in which they live. This review seeks to illuminate already documented instances of interplay among the multilevel etiologic forces impinging on youth ASB, with the goal of facilitating additional research.
One-Dimensional Modeling for Aging of Pt-Co Core-Shell Catalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Yang Yunjie , Bai Minli , Lv Jizu , Gao Linsong , Li Yang , Lv Xuecheng , Li Yubai , Song Yongchen
Published: May 2022

Catalyst durability is one of the critical challenges for the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In this study, a one-dimensional (1D) model of fuel cell cathode catalytic layer (CCL) is proposed to investigate the structural evolution, electrochemical surface area (ECSA), Pt and Co loss of Pt-Co shell-core structured catalysts, and then the aging mechanism of catalyst is elaborated by simulation. The model considers three main processes: (1) oxidation and redeposition of Pt on the Pt shell; (2) crossover H2 through the membrane to reduce Pt2+ near the CCL/membrane interface; and (3) leaching and dissolution of Co. The results show that the severe dissolution of catalyst particles near the CCL/membrane interface not only leads to a large loss of Pt and Co, but also causes the catalyst to age unevenly along the CCL thickness direction. In addition, both the increase in temperature and the decrease in the average particle size accelerate the catalyst aging.
Airway and parenchymal tissue resistance and elastance in ex vivo sheep lungs: effects of bronchochallenge and deep inspiration
Authors: Dong Shou-Jin , Wang Lu , Chitano Pasquale , Vasilescu Dragoş Mihai , Paré Peter D. , Seow Chun Y.
Published: May 2022

Lung resistance ( RL) is determined by airway and parenchymal tissue resistance, as well as the degree of heterogeneity in airway constriction. Deep inspirations (DIs) are known to reverse experimentally induced increase in RL, but the mechanism is not entirely clear. The first step toward understanding the effect of DI is to determine how each of the resistance components is affected by DI. In the present study, we measured RL and apparent airway resistance ( RAW, which combines the effects of airway resistance and airway heterogeneity) simultaneously before and after a DI in acetylcholine (ACh)-challenged ex vivo sheep lungs. We found that at normal breathing frequency (0.25 Hz) ACh-challenge led to a doubling of RL, 80.3% of that increase was caused by an increase in RAW; the increase in apparent tissue resistance ( RT) was insignificant. 57.7% of the increase in RAW was abolished by a single DI. After subtracting RAW from RL, the remaining RT was mostly independent of ACh-challenge and its reduction after a DI came mostly from the change in the mechanical properties of lung parenchyma. We conclude that at normal breathing frequency, RL in an unchallenged lung is mostly composed of RT, and the increase in RL due to ACh-challenge stems mostly from the increase in RAW and that both RAW and RT can be greatly reduced by a DI, likely due to a reduction in true airway resistance and heterogeneity, as well as parenchymal tissue hysteresis post DI.
Topic Search Algorithm for Network Multimedia Tennis Teaching Resources Using 5G-Enabled Internet of Things Technology
Authors: Chen Hui , Yang Yu , Xie Shaokang
Published: May 2022

With the emergence of the knowledge economy, computing, media, and networking technologies have developed rapidly. With the development of reforms in China’s education system, the use of computer-assisted instruction has become an essential part of modern teaching methods. Under such circumstances, computer-assisted teaching methodologies have been gradually introduced in physical education teaching. Compared with other disciplines, physical education has many limitations, such as the size of the venue, the type of equipment, environmental conditions, and climate factors, which will affect the teaching. This brings about the difference between theoretical teaching and practical impact. Due to the differences in physical education teaching, it is indispensable to improve the quality of physical education teaching through the use of rich media teaching system, and the rich network teaching system can perfectly replace the shortcomings of traditional physical education teaching. This paper investigates the design and development of a tennis network rich media teaching system based on 5G Internet of Things and resource-based algorithm by using literature method, survey method, interview method, statistical method, learning laboratory method, and other methods. Based on the tennis cyber media learning system, this study provided recommendations and guidelines for the expansion of the cyber media learning system to other sports programs and explored the future prospects of the cyber media learning system in teaching. The results show that 93.3% of all students are very interested in this learning method, 96.7% of students deepen their memory of tennis technical movements, and the satisfaction rate is 86.7%.
Clinical Effect of Side-Approach Laparoscopic Splenectomy for Neuropathic Splenomegaly
Authors: Yuan Zhao , An Hua Song , Yang Bo , Li Hai Qing , Wang Yuan , Wang Jian
Published: May 2022

Objective. In order to investigate the clinical effect of side entry laparoscopic splenectomy in the treatment of splenomegaly caused by neurodegenerative diseases. Methods. 62 patients who underwent endoscopic splenectomy in our hospital from July 2020 to June 2021 were randomly divided into two groups, including 3 cases in the observation group and 31 cases in the reference group. Clinical trials were conducted to compare different laparoscopic surgery methods, and follow-up investigation records were made; the drainage time and drainage volume, postoperative bleeding volume, postoperative complications, and comprehensive effective rate of the two groups were observed and analyzed. Results. Most of the drainage volume in the observation group was less than 800 ml, and most of the drainage volume in the reference group was more than 500 ml. Compared with the reference group, the average drainage time of patients in the observation group was lower, mostly within 6 days, while the drainage time of patients in the reference group was more than 8 days. The amount of bleeding in the observation group was mostly about 500 ml, with the largest number in the range of 300-500 ml, while the amount of bleeding in the reference group was mostly 800 ml and above, with the largest number in the range of 500-800 ml. The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the reference group. The effective, markedly effective and comprehensive effective rates of patients in the observation group were higher than those in the reference group, and the ineffective rate and deterioration rate were also lower. Conclusion. The treatment of lateral laparoscopic splenectomy is very safe and effective and has obvious advantages, because it can reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications and provide a good basis for the recovery of patients. It is worthy to be widely used in clinical splenic surgery.
Computer Internet of Things-Based Intelligent Medical System to Be Applied in Home Care of Senile Dementia Patients
Authors: Wang Qiong
Published: May 2022

It was to explore the accuracy of intelligent home medical system based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology and its application value in home care of senile dementia patients. Based on IoT, 5th generation wireless systems (5G), and smart wearable technology, intelligent home medical system was designed from the perspectives of system environment and system design. Smart wearable technology-based wearable smart clothes could recognize and collect electrocardiosignal, breathing signal, body sway signal, and body temperature signal. The data were transmitted to the application layer through the information transmission and processing modules of middle layer, and the extraction accuracy of behavioral features and behavior correct recognition rate of the system were analyzed. 64 senile dementia patients treated in the hospital between January 2019 and June 2020 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group (routine family care) and observation group (intelligent medical care system) according to different nursing methods. Each group included 32 cases. Activity of daily living (ADL) scores, nursing satisfaction, and the accidents during care of the patients in two groups before and after care were summarized. The results showed that the behavioral feature extraction accuracy of intelligent home medical system was above 74.59% and its correct recognition rate of different behaviors reached over 98.5%. ADL score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group 3 months after care (

P
<
0.05

). ADL score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (

P
<
0.01

) 6 months after care. The satisfaction of the observation group was 78.13% (25 cases), which was remarkably higher than that of the control group (31.25%, 10 cases) (

P
<
0.001

). The total satisfaction of the observation group amounted to 93.75% (30 cases), which was higher than that of the control group (68.75%, 22 cases) (

P
<
0.01

). The total incidence of accidents in the control and observation groups was 28.13% and 3.13%, respectively. Obviously, the total incidence of accidents in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (

P
<
0.001

). The above results showed that the established intelligent medical care system demonstrated potential application values in home care, which provided a new idea for the nursing methods for senile dementia patients.
ZeVigilante: Detecting Zero-Day Malware Using Machine Learning and Sandboxing Analysis Techniques
Authors: Alhaidari Fahd , Shaib Nouran Abu , Alsafi Maram , Alharbi Haneen , Alawami Majd , Aljindan Reem , Rahman Atta-ur , Zagrouba Rachid
Published: May 2022

For the enormous growth and the hysterical impact of undocumented malicious software, otherwise known as Zero-Day malware, specialized practices were joined to implement systems capable of detecting these kinds of software to avert possible disastrous consequences. Owing to the nature of developed Zero-Day malware, distinct evasion tactics are used to remain stealth. Hence, there is a need for advance investigations of the methods that can identify such kind of malware. Machine learning (ML) is among the promising techniques for such type of predictions, while the sandbox provides a safe environment for such experiments. After thorough literature review, carefully chosen ML techniques are proposed for the malware detection, under Cuckoo sandboxing (CS) environment. The proposed system is coined as Zero-Day Vigilante (ZeVigilante) to detect the malware considering both static and dynamic analyses. We used adequate datasets for both analyses incorporating sufficient samples in contrast to other studies. Consequently, the processed datasets are used to train and test several ML classiﬁers including Random Forest (RF), Neural Networks (NN), Decision Tree (DT), k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). It is observed that RF achieved the best accuracy for both static and dynamic analyses, 98.21% and 98.92%, respectively.
Design of a Comprehensive Assessment Model for the Stability and Engineering Geology of Slope Based on Improved Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Liu Yuedong , Yan Dongdong , Zheng Kexiong
Published: May 2022

The geological mechanics, geotechnical characteristics, and hydrogeological conditions of slopes are complex and changeable, so their stability assessment is a complicated system; their traditional engineering geological assessment does not consider the opposition of the system, the uncertainty of performance indicators, and the ambiguity of index classification, being easy to distort results due to the ambiguity. Improved convolutional neural network (CNN) has outstanding advantages in analyzing problems with randomness and fuzziness. It can perform unified numerical processing on slope assessment indicators with precise values, interval values, and qualitative judgment values, making the traditional qualitative description is transformed into quantitative calculation. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing and analyzing previous research works, this paper expounded the research status and significance of the comprehensive assessment model for slope stability and engineering geology; elaborated the development background, current status, and future challenges of the improved CNN; introduced the methods and principles of the model structure, convolutional layer design, and data flow optimization of the improved CNN; performed the assessment index system establishment and index weight determination; established the mathematical assessment model for slope stability; conducted the assessment module design for slope stability based on the improved CNN; analysed the importance of individual factors to the comprehensive engineering geological characteristics; discussed the determination of assessment value of comprehensive unit engineering geological characteristics; explored the assessment module design for slope engineering geology based on the improved CNN; and finally carried out an engineering application and its result analysis. The study results show that the improved CNN can select some universal and objective factors according to the actual conditions of slopes, including topography, stratum lithology, geological structure, atmospheric rainfall, groundwater, engineering activities, setting up factor sets and judgment sets, and making fuzzy inferences. The comprehensive assessment model can use appropriate mathematical methods to judge the pros and cons of slope’s stability and engineering geology according to certain principles and standards, and grade the results and identify the most important geological problems. The results of this paper provide a reference for further researches on the design of a comprehensive assessment model for slope stability and engineering geology based on the improved CNN.
Smart Grazing in Tibetan Plateau: Development of a Ground-Air-Space Integrated Low-Cost Internet of Things System for Yak Monitoring
Authors: Li Ji , Ling Min , Shui Jiangxia , Huang Shijie , Dan Junjie , Gou Biao , Wu Yanshuang
Published: May 2022

This paper analyzes the present situation and difficulties of yak breeding in the “Three Needy Autonomous Regions” of Sichuan Province, integrating the specific natural environments of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Research work focuses on the requirements of no network conditions, large-scale application, and ultralow use cost. We propose a smart grazing IoT system, in which collars and ear-tags are designed to collect the positions and physiological signs of yaks, BeiDou Satellite-Base Stations (BDS-BSs) are designed to build local area network and ultralong-distance communication, and what is more, UAV is designed to expand the communication range to hundreds of kilometers. According to the actual needs of grazing monitoring, we propose an effective data reduction method, so that BeiDou Satellite (BDS) short-message technology can be applied to the IoT communication with high efficiency and low cost. The author carried out a significant number of experiments and verification: (1) collar realized positioning and physiological signs collecting of yaks. (2) The local area network (LAN) scheme based on LoRa built a stable communication distance of more than 3 km. (3) Ultralong-distance communication scheme based on BDS short-message technology effectively solved the problem of no network and got excellent zero additional use cost. (4) A plateau mountainous grazing UAV is designed and developed to expand the communication range.
Application of Intelligent Image Color Technology in Teaching Chinese Painting Color
Authors: Zhu Beitang , Zhu Jin
Published: May 2022

This paper presents an in-depth analysis and research on the application of intelligent image color technology in teaching Chinese painting color. A feature reorganization-based approach to Chinese painting image style migration is proposed. Using the connection between depth features in neural networks and image semantics, the artistic style expression method of traditional Chinese painting is combined with existing methods to match the feature matrix in the generative network by feature reorganization, and finally, the migrated image is generated using a decoder. The texture of the target image is input to the generator as an additional condition, and the discriminator is changed to a relativistic discriminator to build a new generative adversarial network. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, a large number of Chinese ink and wash style landscape paintings and natural landscape photos are used as experimental data. The experimental results show that the obtained generated images after style migration are 8% better in realism and quality. An image color intelligent analysis system was designed, which integrates a color classification module, a pigment analysis module, an output saving module, and a pigment sample library to achieve the automatic classification of different color areas in Chinese painting, and ultimately allows a judgment to be made on the most likely pigment to be used for each type of color. In the teaching of Chinese painting, the system can transform the traditional “ear-listening” color transmission through vision into eye perception, which makes the teaching of Chinese painting vivid, arouses the enthusiasm of the classroom, and greatly promotes the color teaching of Chinese painting.
Optimization of Printing and Dyeing Energy Consumption Based on Multimedia Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Xulan , Yu Yue
Published: May 2022

In order to solve the problem with the expansion of the industrial scale, the contradiction between energy resources and development of printing and dyeing enterprises must implement refined management and optimize the allocation of resources such as production technology, energy consumption types, and metering instruments. As a printing and dyeing textile industry with high energy consumption and high pollution, energy conservation and emission reduction have become difficult problem to be solved in this industry. The premise of optimizing resource allocation is to have an objective and scientific evaluation of the current energy resource allocation of printing and dyeing enterprises. In view of this, through the investigation of printing and dyeing enterprises, this paper puts forward the index system of enterprise energy consumption optimization evaluation. Based on the application of data warehouse and combined with historical data, a new energy consumption optimization evaluation method is proposed. This survey has basically understood the current situation of energy and water resources management of a printing and dyeing enterprise and pointed out the direction for the development of enterprise energy optimization project in the next step. By means of multimedia informatization, with the help of Internet of Things sensing technology, building a new generation of energy management system, improving the refined management of energy measurement, and improving the energy assessment system, enterprises can achieve significant economic and social benefits in terms of energy conservation and emission reduction. On this basis, a low-power scheduling strategy for typical data center applications is designed and implemented. The algorithm uses the input data of different calculation parts, performs matching to determine the redundant part of the calculation process, and schedules the algorithm. Experimental data show that the mean square error of the limit tree is 0.0004248 and the mean square error of the decision tree is 0.01581; through calculation, the algorithm can achieve 23% and 17% energy saving.
Equivalent Circuit Analysis of Linear Phase-Shifting Transformer with End Effect
Authors: Wu Mei , Zhao Jinghong , Guo Guoqiang , Xiong Yiyong
Published: May 2022

The linear phase-shifting transformers (LPSTs) are a new type of transformers with a structure similar to a linear motor that can be used in multiplex technology. A reasonable equivalent circuit is the premise of control research. Based on one-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis of the LPST, we reference the theory of linear motor and propose an equivalent circuit model of the LPST. The LPSTs, which are a phase-shifting transformers based on linear motor structure, are affected by end effects. The end effects affect the mutual inductance and secondary resistance of the LPST, which is modified by four correction coefficients. This paper calculates the four correction coefficients, inductance, and resistance of the LPST and then proposes a single-phase T-type equivalent circuit model considering end effects. Using the analytical model, the output voltages under the three working conditions are calculated and analyzed, and the accuracy is verified by comparison with results obtained by the finite element method. Finally, the accuracy of the analytical method is further verified by experiments under two working conditions, which indicates that the equivalent model is credible and useful for control research of multi-inverter system based on the LPST.
Covert Channel Construction Method Based on HTTP Composite Protocols
Authors: Jin Longxing , Liu Zijun , Huang Fuquan , Lin Zizhao , Li Ming
Published: May 2022

Aiming at the problems of low concealment of existing storage-type covert channels, high bit error rate, and low transmission rate of time-type covert channels, this paper proposes a method of constructing covert channels based on HTTP protocol combination. The method simulates browser application to send HTTP requests, dynamically distributes HTTP requests to different browsers, embeds hidden information by mathematical combination, and dynamically adjusts access objects, data packet time interval, and data packet length, thus improving the concealment of the channel. At the same time, the channel is based on the reliable transmission inside TCP protocol so that it is not affected by network jitter, thus ensuring the reliability of the channel. Experimental results show that this method can resist the detection method based on application signature, protocol fingerprint detection method, and combination model detection method, and has strong concealment. It can adjust the concealment and channel capacity according to the application scenario.
Multiplicative Topological Properties on Degree Based for Fourth Type of Hex-Derived Networks
Authors: Ali Haidar , Dustigeer Ghulam , Li Yong-Min , Shafiq Muhammad Kashif , Ali Parvez
Published: May 2022

Chemical graph theory is a subfield of graph theory that uses a molecular graph to describe a chemical compound. When there is at least one connection between the vertices of a graph, it is said to be connected. Topology of graph has been expressed by numerical quantity which is known as topological index. Cheminformatics is a product field that combines chemistry, mathematics, and computer science. The graph plays a key role in modelling and coming up with any chemical arrangement. In this paper, we computed the multiplicative degree-based indices like Randić, Zagreb, Harmonic, augmented Zagreb, atom-bond connectivity, and geometric-arithmetic indices for newly developed fourth type of hex-derived networks and also present the graphical representations of results.