bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LOLITA: o romance de Vladimir Nabokov e o filme de Stanley Kubrick
Authors: Freitas Susy Elaine da Costa
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo propõe-se a analisar a adaptação do romance Lolita (1955), de autoria do escritor russoamericano Vladimir Nabokov, para filme homônimo (1962), dirigido por Stanley Kubrick. Pretende-se explicitar as várias mudanças ocorridas na adaptação do roteiro cinematográfico em relação à obra literária, e se a mudança de meio implicou em modificações significantes no que diz respeito à fidelidade aos principais temas e às personagens do livro. Dessa forma, a análise se debruça sobre algumas das características de cada meio e em como eles podem se relacionar de modo a manterem a similaridade entre os dois produtos e ainda assim manterem seus traços e peculiaridades.
A mídia de colunismo social porto-alegrense: uma análise do programa Sociedade
Authors: Born Ani Mari Hartz
Published: November 2017

Este artigo propõe analisar o programa Sociedade, com Odalgir Lazzari, veiculado tanto na televisão por assinatura quanto na web. Nesse sentido, adotam-se como objetivos específicos identificar as características dos tipos de mídias empregados pelo programa nos diversos suportes midiáticos em que é veiculado, verificar os tipos de elites e revelar suas categorias temáticas. Para tanto, o corpus de pesquisa selecionado foi quatro edições do programa Sociedade no ano de 2009, tendo a técnica de análise de conteúdo como forma de apreciação dos dados. Dentre os principais resultados destacam-se as nove categorias temáticas encontradas: mar de afetividade, império da adjetivação, o popular e o elitizado, pluralidade de elites, era da aparência, reino de Deus, bordões, ajudando a pagar a conta e retroalimentação.
Tente, invente, mas faça o telespectador ser da gente: Globo e Record, a disputa de quase duas décadas
Authors: Zapani André Kron Marques
Published: November 2017

A disputa midiática televisiva vem ganhando a cada dia novos capítulos na batalha pela conquista da audiência. Este embate, entre líder e vice-líder, que se caracteriza pelos antagonismos desde a fundação à consolidação das marcas, tem em seu cerne predicados litúrgicos do sagrado/profano. A contenda se iniciou há quase 20 anos e hoje integra um processo tautológico temporal cíclico que atualmente vive no ápice de sua visibilidade e de sua espetacularidade. Este artigo busca analisar sinteticamente as causas históricas, políticas e sociais desta rivalidade, tomando como exemplo uma discussão recente, ao vivo, entre repórteres de ambas emissoras em programa diário de televisão aberta, fazendo uma comparação da disputa midiática pela audiência com a sociedade contemporânea do hiperespetáculo e com a produção noticiosa jornalística.
Um mundo de imagens: inclusão do gênero discursivo imagético no processo de aprendizagem
Authors: Dias Ângela Álvares Correia , Moura Karina da Silva
Published: November 2017

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o gênero discursivo imagético e os múltiplos discursos visuais que são representados e construídos em diferentes meios de comunicação difusos no meio social e cultural, a fim de distinguir e interpretar criticamente as diferentes maneiras de construir e expressar o conhecimento. Apresenta também um estudo sobre uma das formas de linguagem imagética, a produção audiovisual, com o objetivo de reconhecer a necessidade de que a Educação considere os gêneros discursivos que fazem parte do nosso cotidiano, tal como as imagens, de modo a possibilitar a constituição de um leitor/ observador reflexivo e crítico.
Sociedade civil online: diferentes usos da internet para fomentar a participação política
Authors: Lycarião Diógenes , Sampaio Rafael Cardoso
Published: November 2017

Este artigo busca analisar diferentes tipos de participação política e correlacioná-los com diversas oportunidades e obstáculos enfrentados pela sociedade civil quando esta utiliza a internet com fins políticos. Buscamos evidenciar que a internet pode não resolver por si os déficits democráticos, mas que determinados padrões de utilização por parte de atores coletivos tendem a gerar ganhos no sentido de organização, operacionalização de ações coletivas e efeitos de esfera pública. Esses efeitos foram identificados em função de três tipos de participação política: (1) tentativa indireta de influência, produzindo a proteção de direitos; (2) participação direta e (3) debate público. Os referidos efeitos acabariam por enviar ao sistema político pressões que reforçariam a responsividade em relação à esfera civil, assim como a legitimidade das decisões políticas.
Cenas do próximo capítulo: análise dos modelos de família construídos nas telenovelas
Authors: Santos Robson Souza dos , John Valquíria Michela , Guerra Camila
Published: November 2017

Há 50 anos a telenovela faz sucesso no Brasil. O gênero, que reúne em sua composição as características dos seus antepassados como o melodrama, o folhetim e a soap opera americana, influencia o comportamento dos telespectadores e pauta discussões sociais a partir dos temas que aborda. Por tratar-se de um dos mais importantes componentes da cultura brasileira e estar inserida na televisão, meio de maior alcance nacional, foi utilizada como base para este estudo, que analisou como são retratadas as famílias nas telenovelas da Globo e da Record. Esta pesquisa apurou se há ou não semelhanças entre os modelos familiares da atualidade, a partir da definição antropológica de família e dos indicadores do IBGE, em relação aos que se fazem presentes nas telenovelas. Para traçar os perfis das famílias foram considerados o tamanho, o modelo, a chefia e o cenário matrimonial presente em cada uma das tramas avaliadas.
Publicidad y precio. Estrategias promocionales como respuesta a la crisis
Authors: Romay Emma Torres
Published: November 2017

La actual crisis económica ha supuesto un duro golpe para el sector publicitario europeo y, en especial, para el español. En este contexto, la reducción de la inversión publicitaria adoptada por prácticamente todos los anunciantes supone un gran riesgo para el futuro posicionamiento de las marcas. En cualquier caso, la investigación desarrollada en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y de la Comunicación de la Universidad de Vigo parece haber demostrado que la mayoría de las estrategias publicitarias puestas en marcha desde el estallidode la crisis se han centrado en fórmulas promocionales que suponen que la mayoría de los mensajes tengan como eje principal el precio del producto. En este artículo proponemos analizar las causas de esta decisióny las posibles consecuencias futuras de la misma en la imagen de marca de los principales anunciantes.
Do objectivo para o subjectivo
Authors: Costa Pedro Daniel Rodrigues da
Published: November 2017

A passagem da comunicação e da informação unilateral (mass-media) para a comunicação horizontal(self-media) tem sido responsável pela introdução do subjectivo nos conteúdos e nas formas da vida pósmoderna. Valores como o hedonismo, o tribalismo, o nomadismo, o fragmentário, a fusão, entre outros, conseguem, por meio das tecnologias actuais, maior expressão e maior grau de recombinação das formas e dos conteúdos humanos. Todas essas dinâmicas permitem uma expressão social mais heterogénea e plural do que na era moderna. Assistimos actualmente a um crescimento exponencial da cultura subjectiva, pois se na modernidade existiu uma ruptura acelerada pela mudança de um ideal pedagógico para outro, em que a objectivação e a razão comandaram o caminho social, na pós-modernidade parece assistir-se, por meio das fusões entre antropológico e tecnológico, a uma inversão do peso da cultura objectiva emdetrimento da experiência cultural subjectiva.
Cultura-mundo hipermediada: os usos das redes sociais sob a lógica do hiperconsumo
Authors: Silva Alexandre Honório da
Published: November 2017

O artigo procura analisar os usos das redes sociais eletrônicas baseadas na internet adotando uma perspectiva na qual consumo e valores-usos da experiência nestas redes se colocam como evidências de um convívio hipermediado compartilhado. Propõe ainda perceber tais redes enquanto representações possíveis dos conceitos de cultura-mundo, proposto pelo filósofo francês Gilles Lipovetsky, e de hipermediação, proposto pelo pesquisador espanhol Carlos Scolari. Procura considerar que os fluxos e migrações que têm caracterizado contemporaneamente os usos destas redes refletem ainda a ascensão de interesses e socialidades compartilhadas. Para o artigo, os conceitos de hipermodernidade e hipermediação representam pistas para interpretações do sujeito das redes como afeito à reconfiguração constante dos vínculos que constrói em rede.
La “Sociedad de la Información”, entre heurística, metáforas y modelos de la comunicación
Authors: Teliz Ronald
Published: November 2017

En lo siguiente se expondrá y se dará justificación − con un alto grado de generalización − a dos formas deentender la noción de información y las consecuentes connotaciones en teoría de la comunicación, el modelotécnico-transmisivo de la comunicación con primacía del código sobre el contenido; o un modelo dialógico culturalista de la comunicación sostenido en la diferencia y pluralidad de las formas de producción cultural y social. Se argumentará que las diversas connotaciones (tomando en cuenta las sugerencias simbólicas que portan las metáforas y los diversos dispositivos heurísticos) de los términos información-comunicación son relevantes a la hora de generar expectativas y evaluaciones sobre el desarrollo social y el cambio cultural, y que ello exige una revisión crítica de nuestras prácticas teóricas en el campo de la comunicación.
Internet e participação: uma análise de mapeamentos colaborativos
Authors: Sousa Paulo Victor
Published: November 2017

O advento de mídias locativas tem modificado a forma como encaramos e vivenciamos o espaço urbano. Diversos pesquisadores buscam entender como os lugares estão sendo representados, como se mesclam, influenciam e são influenciados pelos meios de comunicação. No atual contexto da web 2.0, caracterizada pela presença de usuários auto-organizados, algumas das práticas mais recorrentes são as que lidam com mapeamento e anotação espacial e que são abertas à cooperação pública. Este artigo apresenta um estudo das ferramentas de empoderamento de cinco mapas disponíveis online e destinados à identificação espacial de problemas urbanos. Ponderamos a participação dos seus usuários e propomos uma classificação de tais serviços segundo a escala introduzida por Sherry Arnstein.
Da realidade ao sonho: Nietzsche e as imagens da mulher
Authors: Marton Scarlett
Published: November 2017

A partir da análise do parágrafo 59 da Gaia Ciência, pretende-se atingir um duplo objetivo. Por um lado, examinando-o à luz dos dois parágrafos precedentes, trata-se de fazer ver que a imagem da mulher que então aparece está inteiramente em consonância com o projeto filosófico de Nietzsche, na medida em que um dos principais traços consiste na tentativa de animalizar e naturalizar o ser humano. Por outro, trata-se de mostrar que, nesse parágrafo 59, Nietzsche reúne as condições necessárias que lhe permitem pôr em marcha uma estratégia que flerta com a dos moralistas franceses dos séculos XVII e XVIII. Lançando mão da tipologia, ele introduz nos parágrafos seguintes, em particular do 63 ao 75, imagens da mulher que merecem ser interpretadas e avaliadas.
Amizade versus compaixão: a tentativa nietzschiana de superação do antagonismo indivíduo e cultura
Authors: Oliveira Jelson Roberto de
Published: November 2017

O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar a tentativa nietzschiana de superação do antagonismo indivíduo e cultura a partir da contraposição entre a amizade e a compaixão. Almeja-se mostrar como a tentativa de distanciamento em relação à moral da compaixão, segundo o modelo schopenhauriano e wagneriano, está embasada num diagnóstico de que a cultura moderna concorre para a negação do indivíduo (pelo esquecimento de si) em promoção da vulgaridade, tendo como resultado o declínio da cultura. A comparação entre os modernos e os gregos parece inevitável e dela Nietzsche faz surgir o valor da amizade como superação e complemento superior da compaixão. Em outras palavras: o projeto de uma ética da amizade aparece como superior diante da ética da compaixão.
Reagir e não reagir: filosofia e psicologia no Crepúsculo dos ídolos
Authors: Brusotti Marco
Published: November 2017

O artigo analisa como o conceito de atividade se apresenta nas obras de Nietzsche e como as noções de agir e reagir se apresentam no Crepúsculo dos ídolos, articulando filosofia e psicologia. Trata-se de analisar por que Nietzsche não fala mais de ‘atividade’ e por que não usa mais a contraposição ‘ativo-reativo’ depois da Genealogia da moral.
Filologia e classicismo alemão: Nietzsche como leitor de Paul Graf Yorck von Wartenburg
Authors: Crescenzi Lucas
Published: November 2017

Pretende-se com este artigo analisar a relação entre filologia e classicismo alemão. Duas teses são aqui introduzidas para serem, em seguida, esclarecidas e justificadas: 1) Nietzsche tenta fornecer, no Nascimento da tragédia, uma contribuição filológica acerca da teoria estética do classicismo alemão; 2) ele segue, nessa tentativa, uma tradição filológica, que lhe serve como fonte. Para tratar do assunto em questão, é analisada a herança de Paul Graf Yorck von Wartenburg e a influência que este teve para a obra de Nietzsche.
Engajamento paterno no cuidado a crianças de 4 a 6 anos
Authors: Nunes Bossardi Carina , Beltrão Gomes Lauren , Luís Vieira Mauro , Aparecida Crepaldi Maria
Published: November 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar as características do engajamento paterno no cuidado a crianças de 4 a 6 anos de idade. Cinquenta pais (homens) com filhos(as) na idade de 4 a 6 anos responderam ao Questionário de Engajamento Paterno, o qual é formado por 56 itens distribuídos em sete dimensões. Por meio de análises estatísticas constatou-se que o pai está engajado no cuidado com os filhos, embora tenham sido percebidas variações no nível de engajamento, de acordo com dimensões específicas. Destacaram-se as atividades referentes ao suporte emocional e à disciplina em comparação com aquelas referentes aos cuidados básicos e a tarefas de casa, o que demonstra que esse envolvimento ainda não é igual para todas as dimensões do cuidado. Constatou-se que os pais estão engajados com seus filhos e que o engajamento é maior em algumas esferas em comparação com outras, indicando que a paternidade passa por um período de transição, no qual se mesclam as atividades tradicionais e as de um pai moderno e mais participativo.
El futuro del periodismo: más que un pronóstico, un sueño
Authors:   Universidad de París (Francia), BERTRAND CLAUDE- JEAN
Published: November 2017

«Trasladémosnos en el tiempo medio siglo hacia el futuro... Algunos vislumbran como apocalíptica la situación de los medios: todo el flujo de noticias controlado por el Estado Empresarial... Otros la imaginan utópica: todo el mundo en todos lados disfrutando de información inmediata, continua y barata. »
La pirámide invertida: caída de un mito
Authors:   Universidad de Navarra, España., SÁNCHEZ JOSÉ FRANCISCO
Published: November 2017

Ya no basta si alguna vez bastó contestar cinco o seis doblevés, redactarlas en orden decreciente y considerarse un «periodista». Porque si entregamos una estructura altamente reiterativa, que carece de final y en que, cuanto más se avanza, menos interés promete, a nadie puede extrañar que casi el noventa por ciento de los lectores no pasen de los titulares.
AEtatis Novae
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, SILVA LUIS EUGENIO
Published: November 2017

El Pontificio Consejo para las Comunicaciones Sociales dio a conocer la Instrucción Pastoral AEtatis Novae, en el marco del vigésimo aniversario de Communio et Progressio. CUADERNOS DE INFORMACIÓN presenta el siguiente comentario del pbtro. Luis Eugenio Silva acerca de este nuevo documento eclesiástico que se preocupa y da lineamientos sobre los medios de comunicación.
Les effets d’une formation dans le domaine de la violence sexuelle sur les connaissances, les attitudes, l’autoefficacité et le transfert des apprentissages
Authors: Bergeron Manon , Hébert Martine , Gaudreau Louise
Published: November 2017

Cette évaluation porte sur les effets d’une formation dans le domaine de la violence sexuelle, destinée au personnel en milieu scolaire et développée par un organisme communautaire spécialisé dans ce domaine. Les résultats indiquent que cette formation contribue à accroître les connaissances, les attitudes favorables exemptes de préjugés vis-à-vis la violence sexuelle et le sentiment d’autoefficacité du personnel scolaire (n = 42) à court terme et 3 mois après la formation. De plus, les participants et participantes rapportent une fréquence considérable de situations dans lesquelles ils ont transféré les apprentissages dans leurs pratiques professionnelles.
GRACE Detected Rise of Groundwater in the Sahelian Niger River Basin
Authors: Werth S. , White D. , Bliss D. W.
Published: November 2017

West African regions along the Niger River experience climate and land cover changes that affect hydrological processes and therewith the distribution of fresh water resources (WR). This study provides an investigation of long‐term changes in terrestrial water storages (TWS) of the Niger River basin and its subregions by analyzing a decade of satellite gravity data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. The location of large trends in TWS maps of differently processed GRACE solutions points to rising groundwater stocks. Soil moisture data from a global land surface model allow separating the effect of significantly increasing amount of WR from that of TWS variations. Surface water variations from a global water storage model validated with observations from altimetry data were applied to estimate the groundwater component in WR. For the whole Niger, a rise in groundwater stocks is estimated to be 93 ± 61 km3 between January 2003 and December 2013. A careful analysis of uncertainties in all data sets supports the significance of the groundwater rise. Our results confirm previous observations of rising water tables, indicating that effects of land cover changes on groundwater storage are relevant on basin scales. Areas with rising water storage are stocking a comfortable backup to mitigate possible future droughts and to deliver water to remote areas. This has implications for Niger water management strategies. Increasing groundwater recharges may be accompanied by reduction in water quality. This study helps to inform authority's decision to mitigate its negative impacts on local communities.
FDTD Modeling of LEMP Propagation in the Earth‐Ionosphere Waveguide With Emphasis on Realistic Representation of Lightning Source
Authors: Tran Thang H. , Baba Yoshihiro , Somu Vijaya B. , Rakov Vladimir A.
Published: November 2017

The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method in the 2‐D cylindrical coordinate system was used to compute the nearly full‐frequency‐bandwidth vertical electric field and azimuthal magnetic field waveforms produced on the ground surface by lightning return strokes. The lightning source was represented by the modified transmission‐line model with linear current decay with height, which was implemented in the FDTD computations as an appropriate vertical phased‐current‐source array. The conductivity of atmosphere was assumed to increase exponentially with height, with different conductivity profiles being used for daytime and nighttime conditions. The fields were computed at distances ranging from 50 to 500 km. Sky waves (reflections from the ionosphere) were identified in computed waveforms and used for estimation of apparent ionospheric reflection heights. It was found that our model reproduces reasonably well the daytime electric field waveforms measured at different distances and simulated (using a more sophisticated propagation model) by Qin et al. (2017). Sensitivity of model predictions to changes in the parameters of atmospheric conductivity profile, as well as influences of the lightning source characteristics (current waveshape parameters, return‐stroke speed, and channel length) and ground conductivity were examined.
Using Cell‐Phone Tower Signals for Detecting the Precursors of Fog
Authors: David N. , Gao H. O.
Published: November 2017

In the last decade, published research has indicated the potential of commercial microwave links that comprise the data transmission infrastructure of cellular communication networks as an environmental monitoring technology. Different weather phenomena cause interference in the wireless communication links that can therefore essentially act as a low‐cost sensor network, already deployed worldwide, for atmospheric monitoring. In this study we focus on the attenuation effect caused in commercial microwave networks due to gradients in the atmospheric refractive index with altitude as a result of the combination of temperature inversions and falls in the atmospheric humidity trapped beneath them. These conditions, when combined with high relative humidity near ground level, are precursors to the creation of fog. The current work utilizes this novel approach to demonstrate the potential for detecting these preconditions of fog, a phenomenon associated with severe visibility limitations that can lead to dangerous accidents, injuries, and loss of lives.
Prominent Midlatitude Circulation Signature in High Asia's Surface Climate During Monsoon
Authors: Mölg Thomas , Maussion Fabien , Collier Emily , Chiang John C. H. , Scherer Dieter
Published: November 2017

High Asia has experienced strong environmental changes in recent decades, as evident in records of glaciers, lakes, tree rings, and vegetation. The multiscale understanding of the climatic drivers, however, is still incomplete. In particular, few systematic assessments have evaluated to what degree, if at all, the midlatitude westerly circulation modifies local surface climates in the reach of the Indian Summer Monsoon. This paper shows that a southward shift of the upper‐tropospheric westerlies contributes significantly to climate variability in the core monsoon season (July–September) by two prominent dipole patterns at the surface: cooling in the west of High Asia contrasts with warming in the east, while moist anomalies in the east and northwest occur with drying along the southwestern margins. Circulation anomalies help to understand the dipoles and coincide with shifts in both the westerly wave train and the South Asian High, which imprint on air mass advection and local energy budgets. The relation of the variabilities to a well‐established index of midlatitude climate dynamics allows future research on climate proxies to include a fresh hypothesis for the interpretation of environmental changes.
Gravity Wave Dynamics in a Mesospheric Inversion Layer: 2. Instabilities, Turbulence, Fluxes, and Mixing
Authors: Fritts David C. , Wang Ling , Laughman Brian , Lund Thomas S. , Collins Richard L.
Published: November 2017

A companion paper by Fritts, Laughman, et al. (2017) employed an anelastic numerical model to explore the dynamics of gravity waves (GWs) encountering a mesospheric inversion layer (MIL) having a moderate static stability enhancement and a layer of weaker static stability above. That study revealed that MIL responses, including GW transmission, reflection, and instabilities, are sensitive functions of GW parameters. This paper expands on two of the Fritts, Laughman, et al. (2017) simulations to examine GW instability dynamics and turbulence in the MIL; forcing of the mean wind and stability environments by GW, instability, and turbulence fluxes; and associated heat and momentum transports. These direct numerical simulations resolve turbulence inertial‐range scales and yield the following results:

GW breaking and turbulence in the MIL occur below where they would otherwise, due to enhancements of GW amplitudes and shears in the MIL.

2‐D GW and instability heat and momentum fluxes are ~20–30 times larger than 3‐D instability and turbulence fluxes.

Mean fields are driven largely by 2‐D GW and instability dynamics rather than 3‐D instabilities and turbulence.

2‐D and 3‐D heat fluxes in regions of strong turbulence yield small departures from initial T(z) and N2(z) profiles, hence do not yield nearly adiabatic “mixed” layers.

Our MIL results are consistent with the relation between the turbulent vertical velocity variance and energy dissipation rate proposed by Weinstock (1981) for the limited intervals evaluated.
Discovery, Controls, and Hazards of Widespread Deep‐Seated Gravitational Slope Deformation in the Etsumi Mountains, Central Japan
Authors: Kaneda Heitaro , Kono Taiyo
Published: November 2017

Deep‐seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) is a largely unnoticed but important long‐term mass wasting process that may result in catastrophic failure of mountain slopes. Manifested by small topographic irregularities such as ridge‐parallel scarps and linear depressions, it has been predominantly reported in alpine landscapes above timber lines. On the basis of area‐wide high‐resolution topographic data acquired by light detection and ranging (lidar) surveys, we here show that ~96% of existing gravitational scarps have been hidden under forest canopies in the Etsumi Mountains, central Japan. The scarps are surprisingly widespread over the mountains with a mean line density of as large as 0.87 km/km2. Our analyses of the scarp distribution suggest that uphill‐facing scarps are primary geomorphic signals of DSGSD with a destabilized rock mass larger than ~105 m2, whereas downhill‐facing scarps principally occur in response to more localized slope deformation. In terms of controls, topography is by far the most influential factor in triggering and promoting DSGSD. Despite theM7.5 earthquake in 1891, impact of large local earthquakes proves to be not very strong. Comparison with preexisting landslide maps further suggests that DSGSD and large‐scale landslides are not different slope processes but represent different stages of the same process. Our results highlight limitations of aerial‐photograph interpretation in forest‐covered mountains and the need for lidar‐assisted mapping for deeper understanding of this long‐term process and interactions between surface and tectonic processes.
Formation, Fate, and Impacts of Microscopic and Macroscopic Oil‐Sediment Residues in Nearshore Marine Environments: A Critical Review
Authors: Gustitus Sarah A. , Clement T. Prabhakar
Published: November 2017

Crude oil that is spilled in marine environments often interacts with suspended sediments to form residues that can impact the recovery of the affected nearshore ecosystems. When spilled oil and sediment interact, they can form either small microscopic aggregates, commonly referred to as oil‐particle aggregates, or large macroscopic agglomerates, referred to as sediment‐oil agglomerates or sediment‐oil mats. Although these different sized oil‐sediment residues have similar compositions, they are formed under different conditions and have different fates in nearshore environments; the goal of this review is to synthesize our current understanding of these two types of residues. We believe that researchers who focus solely on studying either microscopic aggregates or macroscopic agglomerates could benefit from understanding the research findings available in the other field. In this study, we compare and contrast various processes that control the formation, fate, and impacts of these two types of residues in nearshore environments and point out some of the knowledge gaps in this field. Additionally, these residues have been referred to by many names in the past, leading to confusion and misconceptions at times. In this effort, we recommend a uniform nomenclature to distinguish them based on their physical size. Our overall aim is to bridge the gap between microscopic and macroscopic oil‐sediment residue literature to foster a robust exchange of ideas, which we believe can lead to the development of efficient strategies for managing oil spills that affect nearshore environments.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Benzimidazole‐Linked Indoline and Indole Hybrids from C‐2 Linked (o‐Aminobenzyl)benzimidazoles
Authors: Lee Yun‐Ta , Chiu Feng‐Yu , Barve Indrajeet J. , Sun Chung‐Ming
Published: November 2017

An efficient and novel synthesis of benzimidazole‐linked indoline hybrids via an unconventional Pictet‐Spengler‐type condensation of C‐2 linked (o‐aminobenzyl)benzimidazoles with aldehydes and ketones under microwave irradiation has been explored. The key condensation step consists of acid‐catalyzed imine generation followed by intramolecular C–C bond formation through unique reactivity of the benzimidazole moiety. The scope of this method is further extended to synthesize tetracyclic pyrroloindole benzimidazole‐carboxylates through 2‐carboxaldehydes.

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Copper/Iron‐Cocatalyzed Cascade Perfluoroalkylation/Cyclization of 1,6‐Enynes with Iodoperfluoroalkanes
Authors: Xia Xiao‐Feng , Yu Jipan , Wang Dawei
Published: November 2017

A copper/iron‐cocatalyzed fluoroalkylative cyclization of 1,6‐enynes with readily available iodoperfluoroalkanes reagents for the synthesis of the corresponding fluoroalkylated pyrrolidines and benzofuran derivatives is reported. This novel protocol provides a mild method for the construction of Csp3‐CF2 and exocyclic double bonds in one step with high regio‐ and stereo‐selectivities.

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Copper‐Catalyzed Dehydrative Cyclization of 1‐(2‐Hydroxyphenyl)propargyl Alcohols with P(O)H Compounds for the Synthesis of 2‐Phosphorylmethylbenzofurans
Authors: Zhang Ming , Yang Jianlin , Xu Qing , Dong Chao , Han Li‐Biao , Shen Ruwei
Published: November 2017

A tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) hexafluorophosphate [Cu(MeCN)PF6]‐catalyzed dehydrative reaction of 1‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)propargyl alcohols with diarylphosphine oxides has been developed to provide an efficient synthesis of phosphorylated benzofurans in good to high yields. In the presence of a catalytic amount of an organic base, a variety of H‐phosphonates and H‐phosphinates can also be employed as good substrates to produce the corresponding products in moderate yields. The reaction has significant economical and ecological advantages since the formation of a new C(sp3)–P bond and the benzofuran framework could both be achieved using an inexpensive copper catalyst with water produced as the sole by‐product. Some synthetic transformations of the product have also been demonstrated.

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Occupational cholangiocarcinoma caused by exposure to 1,2‐dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane
Authors: Kubo Shoji , Takemura Shigekazu , Tanaka Shogo , Shinkawa Hiroji , Kinoshita Masahiko , Hamano Genya , Ito Tokuji , Koda Masaki , Aota Takanori
Published: November 2017

A cluster of cholangiocarcinoma among printing company workers who were exposed to 1,2‐dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane was classified by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan on 1 October 2013 as “occupational cholangiocarcinoma”. At the time of the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma, levels of γ‐glutamyl transferase, and aspartate and alanine aminotransferases were elevated, and had been elevated in some patients several years prior to the diagnosis. Regional dilatation of intrahepatic bile ducts without tumor‐induced obstruction was characteristic in diagnostic imaging. Pathological examination found chronic bile duct injury with DNA damage, precancerous/preinvasive lesions such as biliary intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct in various sites of the large bile ducts, and invasive cholangiocarcinoma such as mass‐forming type and intraductal growth‐type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and mainly papillary‐type extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Whole‐exome analysis of the cancerous tissues showed hypermutation, substantial strand bias, and unique trinucleotide mutational changes. Patients seemed to suffer high incidence of postoperative complications including intra‐abdominal, which might be related to chronic bile duct injury. Postoperative recurrence from multicentric origins occurred in some patients, as DNA‐injured bile ducts have high carcinogenic potential. Aggressive treatment, including second resections for such multicentric recurrences, appeared to be effective. In 2014, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified 1,2‐dichloropropane as Group 1 (carcinogenic to humans) and dichloromethane as Group 2A (probably carcinogenic to humans) carcinogens.
Expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype ofPURAsyndrome
Authors: Lee Bo Hoon , Reijnders Margot R. F. , Abubakare Oluwatobi , Tuttle Emily , Lape Brynn , Minks Kelly Q. , Stodgell Christopher , Bennetto Loisa , Kwon Jennifer , Fong Chin‐To , Gripp Karen W. , Marsh Eric D. , Smith Wendy E. , Huq Ahm M. , Coury Stephanie A. , Tan Wen‐Hann , Solis Orestes , Mehta Rupal I. , Leventer Richard J. , Baralle Diana , Hunt David , Paciorkowski Alex R.
Published: November 2017

PURAsyndrome is a recently described developmental encephalopathy presenting with neonatal hypotonia, feeding difficulties, global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, and frequent apnea and epilepsy. We describe 18 new individuals with heterozygous sequence variations inPURA. A neuromotor disorder starting with neonatal hyptonia, but ultimately allowing delayed progression to walking, was present in nearly all individuals. Congenital apnea was present in 56% during infancy, but all cases in this cohort resolved during the first year of life. Feeding difficulties were frequently reported, with gastrostomy tube placement required in 28%. Epilepsy was present in 50% of the subjects, including infantile spasms and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome. Skeletal complications were found in 39%. Disorders of gastrointestinal motility and nystagmus were also recurrent features. Autism was diagnosed in one individual, potentially expanding the neurodevelopmental phenotype associated with this syndrome. However, we did not find additionalPURAsequence variations in a cohort of 120 subjects with autism. We also present the first neuropathologic studies ofPURAsyndrome, and describe chronic inflammatory changes around the arterioles within the deep white matter. We did not find significant correlations between mutational class and severity, nor between location of the sequence variation in PUR repeat domains. Further studies are required in larger cohorts of subjects withPURAsyndrome to clarify these genotype–phenotype associations.
p.Arg69Trp in RNASEH2C is a founder variant in three Indian families with Aicardi–Goutières syndrome
Authors: Hebbar Malavika , Kanthi Anil , Shrikiran Aroor , Patil Snehal , Muranjan Mamta , Francis Febi , Bhat B Vishnu , Girisha Katta M , Shukla Anju
Published: November 2017

Aicardi–Goutières syndrome is an early‐onset severe neurological disorder characterized by intracranial calcification, white matter abnormalities, hepatosplenomegaly, cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis, and elevated interferon‐α levels, thus mimicking congenital viral infections. It is a genetically heterogeneous condition and autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant forms with variations in seven genes known till date. Variations in RNASEH2C cause an autosomal recessive form of AGS. Here we report three Indian families with variant, c.205C>T (NM_032193.3, p.Arg69Trp) in RNASEH2C gene identified by whole‐exome sequencing and targeted molecular testing of the variant. Review of literature and our data suggest this is likely to be a founder variant in Asians and it would be a good initial variant to screen in patients with Aicardi–Goutières syndrome in Indians.
A model to characterize psychopathological features in adults with Prader‐Willi syndrome
Authors: Thuilleaux Denise , Laurier Virginie , Copet Pierre , Tricot Julie , Demeer Geneviève , Mourre Fabien , Tauber Maithé , Jauregi Joseba
Published: November 2017

High prevalence of behavioral and psychiatric disorders in adults with Prader‐Willi Syndrome (PWS) has been reported in last few years. However, data are confusing and often contradictory. In this article, we propose a model to achieve a better understanding of the psychopathological features in adults with PWS. The study is based on clinical observations of 150 adult inpatients, males and females. Non‐parametric statistics were performed to analyse the association of psychopathological profiles with genotype, gender and age. We propose a model of psychiatric disorders in adults with PWS based on cognitive, emotional and behavioural issues. This model defines four psychopathological profiles: Basic, Impulsive, Compulsive, and Psychotic. The Basic profile is defined by traits and symptoms that are present in varying degrees in all persons with PWS. In our cohort, this Basic profile corresponds to 55% of the patients. The rest show, in addition to these characteristics, salient features of impulsivity (Impulsive profile, 19%), compulsivity (Compulsive profile, 7%), or psychosis (Psychotic profile, 19%). The analysis of factors associated with different profiles reveals an effect of genotype on Basic and Psychotic profiles (Deletion: 70% Basic, 9% Psychotic; Non‐deletion: 23% Basic, 43% Psychotic) and a positive correlation between male sex and impulsivity, unmediated by sex hormone treatment. This is a clinical study, based on observation proposing an original model to understand the psychiatric and behavioural disorders in adults with PWS. Further studies are needed in order to test the validity of this model.
Unique association of hypochondroplasia with craniosynostosis and cleft palate in a Mexican family
Authors: González‐del Angel Ariadna , Caro‐Contreras Alan , Alcántara‐Ortigoza Miguel Angel , Ramos Sandra , Cruz‐Alcívar Roberto , Moyers‐Pérez Paola
Published: November 2017

Hypochondroplasia (HCH) is a skeletal dysplasia caused by an abnormal function of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. Although believed to be relatively common, its prevalence and phenotype are not well established owing to its clinical, radiological, and genetic heterogeneity. Here we report on a molecularly proven HCH family with an affected father and two children. The siblings (male and female) with HCH also had craniosynostosis and cleft palate, respectively. The present report supports the conclusion that the full clinical spectrum of HCH is not completely delineated. It also suggests that secondary, as yet unknown, modifying factors can influence the final phenotype.
Wieacker–Wolff syndrome with associated cleft palate in a female case
Authors: Godfrey Natalie D. , Dowlatshahi Samandar , Martin Madelena M. , Rothkopf Douglas M.
Published: November 2017

Wieacker–Wolff syndrome is a rare congenital syndrome with few reported cases in the current literature. It is traditionally described in males as an X‐linked recessive disorder associated with congenital contractures of the feet, progressive neurologic muscular atrophy, and intellectual delay caused by ZC4H2 mutations. The purpose of this paper is to present a female individual with a classic phenotype and cleft palate, a previously undescribed finding in this syndrome. Recent reports have demonstrated that females are rarely severely affected and phenotypic expression is difficult to predict [Zanzottera et al. (); American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A 173A: 1358–1363]. This case supports the unpredictability of Wieacker–Wolff syndrome severity and prompts future questions regarding female mutations and phenotypic expression.
Genetic overlap between epilepsy and schizophrenia: Evidence from cross phenotype analysis in Hong Kong Chinese population
Authors: Gui Hongsheng , Li Miaoxin , Sham Pak C. , Baum Larry ,   International League Against Epilepsy Consortium on Complex Epilepsies, Kwan Patrick , Cherny Stacey S.
Published: November 2017

Epilepsy and schizophrenia are common and typical neurological or mental illness respectively, and sometimes they comorbid in the same patients, however the underlying genetic relationship between the two brain diseases is still not fully understood. To investigate the possible genetic contribution to their comorbidity, we performed polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses and genetic correlation estimation so as to identify the overall genetic overlap between the two diseases. The global schizophrenia PRS is strongly associated with schizophrenia phenotype in Hong Kong population (odds ratio = 1.7, p = 2.26E‐16), and focal epilepsy PRS is moderately associated with epilepsy phenotype in Hong Kong population (odds ratio = 1.14, p = 0.013). However the disease‐specific PRS can only predict its own well‐matched phenotype but not the other ones (p > 0.05). This pattern is further supported by non‐significant pairwise genetic correlation and insufficient statistical power for PRS association from the cross‐phenotype analyses. Our study reveals there's limited shared genetic aetiology between schizophrenia and epilepsy, and thus supports a model of shared environmental factors to explain the comorbidity between the two phenotypes.
4′,5′‐Bis(dimethylamino)fluorescein Exhibits pH‐Dependent Emission Behavior Distinct From That of Fluorescein
Authors: Hwang Jun Yeon , Shim Sangdeok , Hwang Gil Tae
Published: November 2017

4′,5′‐Diaminofluoresein (DAF) and 4′,5′‐bis(dimethylamino)fluorescein (BDMAF) have been synthesized and their pH‐dependent photophysical properties and protolytic equilibria investigated. Although the parent fluorescein exhibits decreased emission upon decreasing pH, DAF displayed quenched emission at all pH values; surprisingly, BDMAF exhibited strong fluorescence only at pH 3–6, with its emission almost completely quenched under strongly acidic, neutral, and basic conditions.
Superhydrophobic PES/PDA/ODTS fibrous mat prepared by electrospinning and silanization modification for oil/water separation
Authors: Cao Sujiao , Qiu Fang , Xiong Chen , Wang Xiaojun , Zhang Gang , Long Shengru , Yang Jie
Published: November 2017

With polydopamine (PDA) acting as interlayer, combined with electrospinning technology and a silanization method, here a versatile method for fabricating a superhydrophobic PES/PDA/ODTS fibrous mat is reported. Scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements were applied to characterize the morphologies and chemical composition changes of the prepared fibrous mats. Their separation ability for oil/water mixtures was measured by self‐made instruments. The results show that the fabricated PES/PDA/ODTS fibrous mat displays a water contact angle too large to be assessed by the ordinary amount of water applied in a conventional measurement. In other words, a water drop of less than 10 μL adheres to the syringe needle and leaves with it during the measurement. The prepared PES/PDA/ODTS fibrous mat also shows a threshold sliding angle no more than 2.5°. At the same time, this kind of material exhibits superoleophilicity for organic solvents, such as n‐hexane, gasoline, toluene, and chloroform. The experimental contact angles were also analyzed using the Cassie–Baxter model to gain insights into the fundamental microstructure–wetting property relationship. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45923.
Prediction of plasticity‐controlled failure in polyamide 6: Influence of temperature and relative humidity
Authors: Parodi Emanuele , Peters Gerrit W. M. , Govaert Leon E.
Published: November 2017

In this study, the influence of temperature and relative humidity on the plasticity controlled failure of polyamide 6 was investigated. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed at several temperatures, strain rates, and relative humidity; creep tests were performed at different relative humidity and applied load. In order to describe and predict the yield kinetics, the Ree–Eyring equation was employed and modified to include the effect of relative humidity. Subsequently, by the introduction of the concept of critical amount of accumulated plastic strain, the yield kinetics were successfully translated to predictions of time‐to‐failure. A good agreement between predictions and experimental results is obtained, showing that the model is a suitable and versatile tool to evaluate mechanical performance of a temperature and moisture sensitive material such as polyamide 6. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45942.
The stochastic effect of polydispersity on polymeric DNA delivery vectors
Authors: Wong Sharon Y. , Putnam David
Published: November 2017

The molecular composition and architecture of polymeric DNA delivery reagents govern their transfection efficiency. One parameter that is understudied is the influence of polydispersity on transfection efficiency. Here we report the synthesis of two molecularly identical polymer series, but with different polydispersities (1.3 vs. 2.0) and quantify the effect polydispersity on transfection efficiency. The results show that the effect of polydispersity on transfection efficiency in cell culture is not predictable and is stochastic in nature. In general terms, polymers with high polydispersity mediated higher levels of transfection in vitro compared to low polydispersity polymers with the same side chain distribution and composition. However, at higher molecular weights, the effect of polydispersity was polymer specific, with enhanced transfection efficiency in some cases, but negligible in others. An interesting outcome is that the higher polydispersity polymers generally enhanced the stability of polymer:DNA complexes and this enhancement generally correlated with enhanced transfection efficiency. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45965.
Development of biodegradable cellulose‐g‐poly(butyl acrylate)/kaolin nanocomposite with improved fire retardancy and mechanical properties
Authors: Jena Dharmendra K. , Sahoo Prafulla K.
Published: November 2017

The main aim of the work is to convert a low cost renewable biopolymer to a high performance fire‐retardant biomaterial by modification via grafting. Cellulose, a linear and most abundant biomacromolecule, has gained increasing attention for its interesting properties and potential applications in the synthesis of polymer nanocomposites. Cellulose has been grafted with butyl acrylate via emulsifier free emulsion polymerization using in situ developed transition metal complex initiating system: CuSO4/glycine/ammonium persulfate with and without additive kaolin to prepare nanocomposites and copolymer, respectively. The morphology of so‐prepared grafted nanocomposites was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The enhancement in thermal behavior and mechanical properties of nanocomposites over copolymer were outstanding. The fire‐retardant properties were evaluated by limiting oxygen index and cone calorimetry test. The biodegradation and water absorbency of the fire‐retardant nanocomposites have been carried out for better commercialization and environmental concern. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45968.