bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RISK FACTORS AND SEROPREVALENCE OF BRUCELLA SPP. IN CATTLE FROM WESTERN AMAZON, BRAZIL
Authors: Aguiar D.M. , Cavalcante G.T. , Labruna M.B. , Vasconcellos S.A. , Rodrigues A.A.R. , Morais Z.M. , Camargo L.M.A. , Gennari S.M.
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT The seroprevalence of Brucella spp. and the possible associated risk factors were estimated for 2,109 adult cows in Monte Negro county, State of Rondônia, Brazil. A questionnaire was completed for each farm where cattle were sampled. Laboratory tests were Rose-Bengal Agglutination, Standard Tube agglutination, and Mercaptoethanol. The adjusted overall prevalence of Brucella spp. seropositive cows for Monte Negro county was 15% and at least 54 herds (63%) were positive. A logistic regression analysis suggested that the herd size of more than 25 cows and the presence of pigs were significant factors associated with the seropositivity (herd size: OD = 2.8; P=0.02; presence of pigs: OD = 2.5; P =0.04). Other significant variables associated to the infection, analysed by Chi-Square were the presence of seropositivity cows with the herd that were repeat breeders and birth of weak calves (P < 0.05).
Analysis of Brazilian livestock transformations: a focus on dairy farming
Authors: Ferrazza Rodrigo de Andrade , Castellani Elena
Published: January 2022

Abstract In this study, we investigated the principal transformations in dairy farming among Brazilian federative units in the period from 2006 to 2017. Data were drawn from the Agricultural Censuses from 2006 and 2017. In order to compare the variations between the states and macroregions, descriptive analyses were performed. Pearson correlation was used to test the correlation among the variables. A 4.63% decrease was observed in the number of establishments supporting cattle, notably in the states of PE (-23.02%), RS (-20.67%) and PR (-19.65%). Some states showed greater participation in terms of increase in number of cattle, particularly in the Northern region. No significant change in pasture area was observed. A decrease of 12.92% in number of milk producers was observed, mainly in the traditional dairy basins, such as RS (-36.62%), PR (-27.33%), SP (-24.67%) and SC (-20.21%). Producers who continued in the activity had a rise in the scale of their daily production. Although there was a 9.47% reduction in the number of cows milked, the herd productivity showed a 61.96% surge, particularly in the Southern (72.98%) and South-eastern (62.31%) areas. Milk production revealed higher correlation with number of cows milked (P<0.05; r=0.97) and productivity per cow (P<0.05; r=0.63), than with area of the rural establishments (P<0.05; r=0.38). In conclusion, there were significant changes in dairy farming over an eleven-year period, including changes in the geography of production, greater concentration and professionalization of the activity, as well as the expressive growth of milk production in almost every state, which is reflective of higher productivity of the national herd.
Ruminal kinetics and degradability of energetic feedstuffs used in diets for ruminants
Authors: Neumann Mikael , Santos Leslei Caroline , Askel Eloize Jaqueline , Venancio Bruno José , Pontarolo Giovanna Bobato , Cristo Fernando Braga , Plodoviski Daniel Corrêa , Silva Emylli Pereira e
Published: January 2022

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate energetic feedstuffs regarding chemical composition, in situ ruminal degradability of dry matter (DMD), ruminal kinetics and ruminal disappearance rate of dry matter. Seven feedstuffs (treatments) were evaluated: ground corn, ground oat, ground barley, wheat bran, soybean hull, malt root and corn germ, in a completely randomized design of four repetitions each. Two bovines ruminally cannulated were used for incubation, wherein each treatment was subjected to seven periods of exposure to the rumen (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 hours). Among the evaluated feedstuffs, soybean hull had the highest neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (68.91%) and the lowest DMD at 24 h (64.91%). Ground barley and ground corn contained the lowest content of soluble fraction (SF) (26.34 and 28.7%, respectively), among which ground barley had the highest DMD at 24 h (90.48%) and therefore showed the highest rumen disappearance rate (2.50%.h-1) by combining both parameters, while the ground oat presented the highest SF (47.75%) and the lowest rumen disappearance rate (1.09%.h-1).
Quality of hydroponic forage corn cultivated on different by-product substrates
Authors: Fonseca Geane Cordeiro , Araújo Graziela Paula de , Abreu Natan Lima , Pantoja Raimundo Vagner de Lima , Nascimento Angélica Lucélia da Silva , Faria Letícia de Abreu
Published: January 2022

Abstract Hydroponic corn cultivation is an efficient, fast, and feasible alternative for periods of food scarcity; however, there is still little information on the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the produced biomass, especially with regard to substrates. This study aimed to evaluate the productive and qualitative aspects of hydroponic feed corn grown on different substrates with a cultivation period of 15 days. Four substrates were evaluated: 1) fermented whole açaí seeds, 2) crushed açaí seeds, 3) sugarcane bagasse, and 4) ground Tifton hay, with five replications under a randomized block design. Substrate temperature was monitored during the production period. After harvesting on day 15, roots length (RL), shoot length (SL), biomass dry matter content (BDM), dry biomass yield, forage dry mass productivity, crude protein (CP), and ash content were assessed. There was no correlation of growth period and substrate temperature. RL was not affected by substrates, BDM was lower in treatment 3, CP was not influenced, and ash content was higher in treatment 1. In general, the best development was observed in treatment 1 because of the absence of distinction regarding qualitative parameters (CP and ash) and higher granulometry of whole açaí seeds which affects mass density and substrate aeration, thus allowing higher dry biomass yield.
Routine of the unpredictable: workloads and health of urgent and emergency nursing workers
Authors: Mass Suéllen Fortes de Lima Santos , Centenaro Alexa Pupiara Flores Coelho , Santos Arlíni Fátima dos , Andrade Andressa de , Franco Gianfábio Pimentel , Cosentino Susane Flôres
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perceptions of nursing professionals in urgent and emergency services regarding workloads and the relationship with their health. Method: Descriptive qualitative study carried out in two urgent and emergency sectors in southern Brazil. 16 nursing professionals were interviewed. The data were subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: The first thematic category highlighted the workloads in the daily lives of professionals, highlighting Covid-19 as an element recently incorporated into the perception of biological load. The psychic load is enhanced by stress and suffering in the face of deaths, in addition to adverse working conditions. The second category showed the interface between the loads, the overload and the workers’ health, highlighting the importance of the psychic load in mental health. Conclusion: Workloads are enhanced by working conditions and the relationship with the profession’s work object, generating overload and risk of mental illness.
Communication of bad news in the context of neonatal palliative care: experience of intensivist nurses
Authors: Camilo Beatriz Helena Naddaf , Serafim Taynnara Caroline , Salim Natália Rejane , Andreato Álida Maria de Oliveira , Roveri Júlia Rudzinski , Misko Maira Deguer
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: To know the experiences of nurses in neonatal intensive care units in the face of the process of communicating bad news to the family of newborns in palliative care. Methods: Study with a descriptive qualitative approach, in which 17 professionals participated. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview script, from December/2018 to February/2019, and submitted to content analysis. Results: Four theoretical categories emerged, with 11 subcategories inserted: meanings attributed to bad news; nursing as a support for the family; difficulties in dealing with the process of communicating bad news; nursing and involvement with the family’s suffering. Final considerations: The challenges to deal with the situation are related to lack of preparation, impotence, and subjectivities. The results broaden knowledge on the subject and enable the improvement of nursing care in this context.
Effect of shading screens on the production and quality of ‘Smooth Cayenne’ pineapple
Authors: Araújo Humberto Sampaio de , Carmo Silvia Antoniali do , Santos Neli Cristina Belmiro dos , Freitas Pâmela Gomes Nakada , Purquerio Luis Felipe Villani
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT In pineapple cultivation, it is common to cover the fruit with newspaper, in order to avoid scalding caused by sunburn. However, the scarcity of material and the large labor force required have led to the search of control alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the use of shading screens in the production and quality of ‘Smooth Cayenne’ pineapple. A randomized blocks experimental design was used, with five treatments (fruits covered with newspaper and plants covered with screens with 35, 40, 50 and 80 % of shading), four replicates and two seasons (summer and winter). In the summer, the use of screens with 50 % of shading provided average gains of 22 and 39 % of total and commercial mass of crowned fruits per plant and gains of 22 and 40 % of total and commercial yield per hectare, respectively. The gradual increase in shading intensity resulted in a decrease in the qualitative attributes of the fruits, when compared to covering the fruits with newspaper. Screens with up to 50 % of shading can replace newspaper when covering the fruits to avoid scalding.
Development of color guides to evaluate the maturity of cacao clones by digital image processing
Authors: García-Muñoz Maria Cristina , Tarazona-Díaz Martha Patricia , Meneses-Marentes Nixon Andres , González-Sarmiento Gabriela , Pineda-Guerrero Ana Sofía , Gómez-Uribe Germán Eduardo
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT Raw material homogeneity is one of the most requested characteristics in any production industry, and the cacao industry is no exception. However, there are many factors that affect the final quality of fruits, among them the variety and maturity stage. The present study aimed to create color tables for evaluating the maturity index of the ICS06, CCN51 and EET8 cacao clones, using digital image processing, in order to contribute for the quality and final homogeneity of the fruits and their by-products.
Perfil de trabalhadores da enfermagem de hospitais universitários e as cargas de trabalho: análise por cluster
Authors: Carvalho Deciane Pintanela de , Rocha Laurelize Pereira , Brum Aline Neutzling , Gutierres Evilin Diniz , Nogario Aline Carniato Dalle , Bordignon Simoní Saraiva
Published: January 2022

Resumo Objetivo analisar o perfil sociodemográfico, laboral e a intensidade das cargas de trabalho de trabalhadores da enfermagem de hospitais universitários. Método quantitativo e transversal, com 361 trabalhadores de enfermagem, entre novembro de 2019 e fevereiro de 2020, por meio da Escala de Cargas de Trabalho nas Atividades de Enfermagem. Realizou-se análise de cluster. Resultados formaram-se quatro clusters com trabalhadores do sexo feminino (2, 3 e 4) e sexo masculino (1). A exposição às cargas de trabalho foi identificada como intensa (1, 2 e 3) e pouco intensa (4). As unidades de trabalho evidenciadas com mais frequência nos clusters 1, 2 e 3 foram a Rede de Urgência e Emergência, Pediátrica e Clínica Médica, e no cluster 4, a Maternidade e Clínica Cirúrgica. Os clusters 1 e 3 identificaram com mais frequência o período de trabalho de 1 a 5 anos, no cluster 2, foi de 15 a 20 anos, e no cluster 4, inferior a um ano. Conclusão e implicações para a prática a identificação dos quatro clusters possibilitou a análise do perfil de trabalhadores de enfermagem, permitindo o planejamento de intervenções direcionadas a minimizar as cargas de trabalho de acordo com as particularidades de cada grupo.
Adesão ao uso do Sistema de Microfone Remoto em estudantes com deficiência auditiva usuários de dispositivos auditivos
Authors: Esturaro Giovana Targino , Youssef Bruna Capalbo , Ficker Luisa Barzaghi , Deperon Tatiana Medeiros , Mendes Beatriz de Castro Andrade , Novaes Beatriz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque Caiuby
Published: January 2022

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar relações entre a utilização sistemática do Microfone Remoto (MR) em sala de aula de estudantes com deficiência auditiva e características das escolas e dos professores. Método Foram analisados 120 sujeitos, entre cinco e 17 anos, com deficiência auditiva que foram adaptados MR em um Serviço de Saúde credenciada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Também foram sujeitos, professores de usuários de MR. Realizou-se uma análise de prontuários e no momento que os sujeitos compareceram para acompanhamento foi realizado entrevista com os pais/responsáveis para caracterizar rotina de utilização do MR na escola. Foram realizados contatos telefônicos e visitas presenciais em algumas escolas. Resultados Quanto ao uso, observa-se que a maioria dos sujeitos utilizava o dispositivo na escola. Aqueles que não utilizavam involuntariamente e voluntariamente consistiu na minoria dos sujeitos. Houve uma similaridade no padrão do Speech Intelligibility Index -SII dos sujeitos que ‘usam’ e ‘não usam involuntariamente’ o MR. Houve diferença significativa entre o tipo de escola e o nível de escolaridade, a maioria dos sujeitos que frequentavam escola regular e estavam matriculados no ensino fundamental I tendem a usar mais o dispositivo. Conclusão A maioria dos sujeitos faz uso do MR na escola. O nível educacional do estudante também foi um fator que interferiu na adesão ao uso dos MR, com maior adesão em estudantes do Ensino Fundamental I. Os dados sugerem que a articulação entre serviço de saúde e escola favorece a utilização do MR, entretanto quando essa relação é intermediada pelos pais, outros fatores acabam interferindo no uso sistemático no cotidiano da escola.
Overcoming dormancy in seeds of Dietes bicolor (Steud.) Sweet ex Klatt
Authors: Borges Thiago Roberto Rezende , Silva Maurecilne Lemes da , Silva Givanildo Zildo da , Rocha Diego Ismael
Published: January 2022

Abstract Seminiferous propagation of Dietes bicolor is hindered by the probable physical and/or morphophysiological dormancy. The objective was to analyze the efficacy of different methods of overcoming dormancy in D. bicolor seeds to determine a possible pre-germination treatment for the species. Two experiments were conducted: (I) Evaluation of the breaking of physical dormancy, in which the treatments of mechanical scarification were carried using sandpaper #100; chemical scarification with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for 5 and 10 minutes and immersion in hot water (70 ºC), also, for 5 and 10 minutes, were evaluated. The intact seed was considered a control. (II) Evaluation of morphophysiological dormancy, in which the seeds were submitted to combined treatments of stratification of hot temperature (20-35 °C) and/or cold temperature (9 ºC), distributed in periods of 0, 1, and 2 weeks, totalizing 9 treatments. In both experiments, germination percentage (G), germination speed index (GSI), and first count (FC) were determined, using a randomized block design, and evaluated by the Scott-Knott test at 1% and Dunnett’s test at 5%. The use of H2SO4 10 minutes induced 42% germination, 0.52 GSI, and 18% FC, but only FC was significantly different from the control. In the second trial, the treatment that spent only two weeks in hot temperatures (20-35 ºC) showed the highest germination (30%), compared to the control (G = 22%). These results provide relevant information for understanding the physiology of D. bicolor germination, in addition to contributing to the optimization of pre-germination practices for this important ornamental species.
Identification and documentation of wild plant species with ornamental potentials at Mount Prau, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kuswanto Lianah , Chusna Noor Amalia , Purnomo Eko , Krisantini  , Ahmad Milya Urfa
Published: January 2022

Abstract Indonesia has diverse flora and fauna, and many species remain largely undiscovered. Documentation and identification of threatened wild ornamental species are increasingly difficult due to ongoing exploitation and land conversion. Mount Prau is one of the popular destinations in Central Java, Indonesia for tourism. Understanding plant biodiversity has enormous value for the economy, ecology, culture, science, and recreation. Our study is aimed to record the diversity and identify the flowering plant species in their native habitat at Mount Prau, Central Java, Indonesia. Our field surveys demonstrated that Mount Prau has abundant wild ornamental plants with wide diversity of taxa, growth habits, and forms. A total of 103 species representing 51 families and 95 genera are identified including trees, shrubs, herbs, and lianas. We also found that among the plant species found in Mount Prau, 24 have morphological characters suitable to be cultivated as ornamental flowers, and 12 as ornamental foliages, and 63 species are medicinal plants. The ornamental criteria of these species were based on the literature describing the morphological and unique characters of leaves and flowers that made them potential to be developed as ornamental plants. In this paper we have provided the current conservation status of the plant species identified and recommendations on their conservation. This study provides baseline data of species found in the Mount Prau areas, and this information could be helpful for further conservations efforts and initiatives.
Elaboration of fracture prediction map using 2D digital image correlation - 2D CID
Authors: Assis Leandro Silva de , Assis Joaquim Teixeira de , Pessoa José Renato de Castro , Tavares Júnior Armando Dias
Published: January 2022

Abstract This work aims to present a methodology for the elaboration of a deformation map in a Portland cement concrete specimen to predict fractures caused by axial compression stresses, using the technique of Digital Image Correlation - DIC 2D. For this purpose, 5 concrete specimens with compressive strength expected at 28 days fck of 40 MPa were analyzed, which were tested in the ABNT NBR 5739/2018 standard - compression test of cylindrical concrete specimens. During the test, the necessary digital images were acquired in the DIC-2D array. These images were subsequently processed, and the results interpreted statistically. According to the result of the correlation of images obtained, it was found that 67% of the specimens had regions of accumulation of stresses that indicated in advance the location of the rupture, which enabled the development of a fracture prediction map. The results obtained in the research showed that the methodology used by means of the DIC-2D arrangement was able to predict the place where the rupture in the specimens occurred.
Ectoparasites of Columbina passerina insularis (Columbiformes) in the National Zoological Park, Havana, Cuba
Authors: González-Acuña Daniel , Cicchino Armando , Echeverry Diana , Ardiles Karen , Oyarzún-Ruiz Pablo , Mironov Sergey , Moreno Lucila
Published: January 2022

Abstract Ectoparasites of 18 free-living Cuban Ground Doves, Columbina passerina insularis (Columbiformes: Columbidae), captured in the National Zoological Park, Havana, Cuba, were identified. The collected ectoparasites included two species of lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera): Columbicola passerinae (77.1%), and Physconelloides eurysema (50%), as well as four species of feather mites (Astigmata: Falculiferidae): Pterophagus lomatus (83.3%), Byersalges talpacoti (50%), Byersalges phyllophorus (72.2%), and Hyperaspidacarus tridentatus (27.7%). Pterophagus lomatus, B. phyllophorus, and H. tridentatus represent new records for Cuba.
First description of sarcoptic mange in a wild coati (Nasua narica), in Ecuador, and cooccurrence of canine distemper virus
Authors: Villalba-Briones Ricardo , Barros-Diaz Cristian , Gallo-Pérez Abel , Blasco-Carlos Miquel , Molineros Eliana B.
Published: January 2022

Abstract We present a case of Sarcoptes and canine distemper virus (CDV) infection in a white-nosed coati (Nasua narica) that was trapped in the dry tropical forest of Cerro Blanco reserve, located in the coastal region of Ecuador. Sarcoptic mange is a highly contagious and zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution that causes epidemics. Mange is produced by Sarcoptes mites that causes severe epidermal damage. Secondary infections and physiological constrictions without treatment can lead to death of the host. In addition, cooccurrence of canine distemper virus was detected via iiRT-PCR from serum samples. Physical analyses showed that 90% of the skin was affected by severe alopecia due to the sarcoptic mange infection. The presence of mites and histopathological analyses confirmed the diagnosis of infection. This coati was taken to a veterinary clinic and was fed every day, but it died after four days. This is the first report of sarcoptic mange and the first report of CDV in white-nosed coatis in South America. Further studies are needed in this region, to seek out other suspected cases, given the high capacity for disease transmission. Preventive actions to avoid epidemic and zoonotic episodes are needed.
Ações afirmativas e estratificação horizontal: comparação entre bônus e Lei de Cotas na UFMG
Authors: Paula Gustavo Bruno de , Nonato Bréscia França , Nogueira Cláudio Marques Martins
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo analisamos os efeitos de inclusão social de duas políticas de ação afirmativa adotadas pela Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG): a política de bônus e a Lei de Cotas. Comparamos a inclusão social propiciada por essas políticas sob dois ângulos: o acesso em si à UFMG e a distribuição do público-alvo entre as graduações da instituição, considerando sua hierarquia horizontal interna. Verificamos as mudanças no perfil do alunado focalizando três variáveis: raça, origem escolar e renda familiar. Com base em estatísticas descritivas, conclui-se que as duas políticas tiveram efeitos relevantes na inclusão social, mas de formas distintas. A política do bônus elevou o ingresso de estudantes das escolas públicas, negros e de baixa renda, mas principalmente nos cursos menos seletivos. Já a Lei de Cotas contribuiu de maneira mais efetiva para aumentar o acesso desses grupos aos cursos mais seletivos, reduzindo as desigualdades horizontais. Observamos, no entanto, que permanecem desigualdades expressivas no acesso aos cursos da universidade que ainda precisam ser enfrentadas.
Bubbled roller-compacted concrete dam: an idea of a hollow dam
Authors: Mohamed Ezzeldin K. , Khalail Eehab
Published: January 2022

Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) is widely known for its relatively low cost and short construction time. RCC gravity dams require high foundation (rock) bearing capacity. Research studies have been carried out which propose to rationalise the amount of material in the dam by creating inner voids, in the shape of bubbles. As a key requirement, the introduced bubbles should not affect the dam stability and safety. The bubbles will reduce the self-weight of the dam and minimise the required rock-bearing capacity. A system of pipes connecting the bubbles ensures drainage of the bubbles. The proposed dam would save about 12% of the required concrete volume. Different construction methods were studied and the best alternative is the use of precast hollow boxes. This decreases RCC placement in the dam by 32.5%. The objective is to speed the construction process and minimise the risk of the heat of hydration.
Some Questions Arising in the Trial of Civil Lawsuits in the Criminal Court of First Instance
Authors: Osodoeva Nataliya
Published: January 2022

The article discusses some problems of considering a civil claim during a criminal court hearing. It is argued that settling a civil claim during criminal proceedings has a higher priority than a trial in a civil process. The author justifies the position according to which filing a lawsuit during criminal proceedings is a right and not an obligation of a person in a criminal trial. The author also believes that in filing a civil claim in a criminal process, the civil plaintiff should present proof of the incurred costs with the purpose of further recovery of the material damage; besides, the person who will pay the damage or compensate for the moral harm should be established. Based on the analysis of court practice, it is proven that the settlement of a civil claim during a special procedure of a criminal court trial is possible, however, the accused should agree not only with the accusation, but also with the size of the damage (harm). The cases in which the courts can eliminate violations of criminal procedure legislation during preliminary investigations are examined.
Some Aspects of Implementating International Laws on the Rights of the Child in the Criminal Legislation of Russia
Authors: Garmyshev Yaroslav , Koryagina Svetlana
Published: January 2022

The authors examine the theory and practice of the interaction of international law and Russian criminal law in the system of their harmonization and standardization using specific crimes as examples. They also analyze international law norms from the standpoint of the criteria of their effectiveness in protecting the rights of minors in view of their further implementation in Russian criminal legislation. It is noted that a wide spread of different forms of illegal actions against minors is predetermined by the lack of a comprehensive system of protecting the rights of children in international and Russian legislation, the insufficient development of effective methods of detecting and registering different crimes. The authors point out that it is necessary to take into account the positive experience in protecting the rights and interests of children in the criminal legislation of other countries, especially partner countries, which is a vital condition for the success of integrational processes. They state that it is necessary to use a systemic approach in making decisions on criminalizing offenses against minors.
On the Interaction between the Investigator and the Body of Inquiry in the Investigation and Solution of Illegal Establishment (Creation, Reorganization) of Juridical Entities
Authors: Nazyrova Natalia
Published: January 2022

Currently the normative legal acts of Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs make the investigator responsible not only for the investigation, but also for the solution of crimes. The fulfillment of these tasks solely within the framework of investigatory actions is not always possible not only for grave and especially grave crimes, but also for publicly dangerous acts of small and medium gravity. An example of such a crime of small or, in the presence of some qualifying features – of medium gravity, is the illegal establishment (creation, reorganization) of a juridical entity, for which the identification of its founder and other participants, as well as the proof their guilt, presents certain difficulties. All this shows the vital necessity for cooperation between the investigator and the body of inquiry in the process of pre-court proceedings for the category of crimes under consideration. The author examines the stages and forms of the interaction of these subjects in the cases of illegal establishment of juridical entities. The analysis of investigation and court practice is used to summarize the problems in achieving an effective interaction. The author presents recommendations for improving the interaction between the investigator and the body of inquiry in solving and investigating illegal establishment of juridical entities.
Topical Issues of Investigating the Sale of Narcotic Drugs and Highly Potent Substances on the Information and Telecommunication Network Internet
Authors: Malyanova Karina
Published: January 2022

The authors analyze the criminalistic methodology of investigating the sales of narcotic drugs and potent substances on the information and telecommunication network Internet. They present statistical data and examples of the new ways and means of distributing narcotics and potent substances through Internet platforms. The authors have analyzed the causes and conditions for the mass dissemination and use of narcotics and potent substances in the situation of modern society’s transition to the new era of innovative technologies. They examined the issue of the development of the sales of narcotics and potent substances using the platforms RAMP and HYDRA, and the possibilities of bulk phone text messaging of links to these sites. The authors suggest measures on improving the cooperation of the law enforcement bodies with other agencies with the goal of preventing the distribution and sales of narcotics and potent substances on the Internet.
Legislative Initiatives Regarding the Tightening of the Responsibility for Non-Fulfillment of the Obligation to Undergo Treatment for Drug Addiction: Problems and Future Visions
Authors: Alekseeva Anna , Kolosovich Marina , Sysolina Natalia
Published: January 2022

Various psychoactive substances that are in illegal circulation cause significant damage to the health of the population. Discussions among scientists about measures to reduce the level of drug use have not been stopped for many decades. The main goal of all researches is to search for effective anti-narcotic drugs and the implementation into practice of new technologies to counter drug crime. Following the scientists, a legislator tries to choose the most optimal designs that allow an objective and comprehensive assessment of the actions of violators, taking into account the need to save repressive measures. In the first edition, the current Criminal Code of the Russian Federation allowed the use of compulsory medical measures to persons with an established diagnosis of "drug addiction". Later, the measures of compulsory treatment were recognized as inhumane and abolished. They were replaced by the institution of imposing by the court on a drug addict the obligation to undergo treatment for drug addiction, medical and (or) social rehabilitation. As an interim measure, a legislator in 2013 put into effect Article 6.9.1 of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation, which provides liability for evading a drug addict from the duty imposed by the court. Currently, a legislator offers to tighten the responsibility of a drug addict for evading treatment and rehabilitation by introducing an administrative prejudice. The conducted research has shown that it is possible to achieve the desired result by other means.
Improvement of Activities of Strategizing of Social and Economic Development in a Region by Means of Strengthening the Interconnection between Forecasting and Strategic Planning
Authors: Meteleva Elena
Published: January 2022

The importance of strategic management of the socio-economic development of regions in conditions of uncertainty is becoming increasingly important. The aim of this article is to identify the main problems in organizing activities of strategizing and forecasting of social and economic development of a region. The research conducted using the systemic mental and action approach showed that comprehensive strategic planning at the regional level is impossible without normative forecasting and environmental analysis, which state government bodies of the territorial entities of the Russian Federation do not pay sufficient attention to. Such stages of strategizing as forecasting and strategic planning play a major role in the process of strategizing. The article clarifies the concept of strategic management (strategizing) in relation to the socio-economic development of regions. It was found out that the shortcomings of the methodological tools and low level qualification of experts lead to a low quality of the developed forecast documents and management decisions. Suggestions have been deve­loped to support the forecasting of the socio-economic development of the region through the use of qualitative forecasting methods. The proposals include criteria for the selection of experts for the development of forecasts, as well as a conceptual distributed scheme for collecting expert opinions on the prospects for changing various aspects and directions of the socio-economic development of the region.
The Well-Being of Employees in the Conditions of Non-Guaranteed Employment in Industry 4.0
Authors: Koropets Olga , Chudinovskikh Marina
Published: January 2022

The article presents the results of a study conducted on the territory of the Russian Federation in 2021. 772 respondents took part in the survey: 378 women and 394 men aged 18 to 69 years, the group of economically active population — employed. The study is interdisciplinary in nature, its purpose is to identify the impact of the legal aspects on the well-being of employees in the conditions of non-guaranteed employment in Industry 4.0. Non-guaranteed forms of employment include work on a basis of the term labour contract and without registration of labor relations. The study allowed us to diagnose a high level of non-guaranteed employment, within the sample only about 70 % work on the terms of an indefinite contract. Respondents with non-guaranteed forms of employment are less satisfied with their income, professional status, and the possibility of obtaining a loan. According to the results of the study, the risks of reducing the level of social security and well-being in conditions of non-guaranteed employment were diagnosed.
Model for Assessing Strategies for the Implementation of an Investment and Construction Project for the Construction of an Apartment Building by a Developer in Terms of Project Financing
Authors: Pukhova Valeriya
Published: January 2022

The need for improvement of the current mechanism of project financing for the construction of residential real estate arises from the analysis of the theory and practice of financing of the primary housing market. The use of the systemic approach has allowed the author to develop an improved mechanism of project financing, which comprises the principles of project financing, tools, forms of its regulation and methods of implementation of project financing. For efficient operation of the improved mechanism of project financing for the construction of residential real estate, a number of strategies have been proposed for the implementation of an investment and construction project, differing in design solutions, implementation period, marketing policy, rates of filling escrow accounts. The author proposes a scheme for a developer to choose project designs, which is based on the rules for land use and development and urban development regulations. A model for assessing the strategy for the implementation of an investment and construction project in project financing, taking into account the cost of a land plot, interest on a loan, selected design solutions, as well as the return on capital investments, was developed. In order to make a decision on the implementation of one or another investment and construction project for the construction of an apartment building, developers are invited to assess the options for design solutions and draw a conclusion about the most effective one according to the proposed model. The model can be used to assess the influence of the cost of a land plot in the structure of costs when the developer has a model project. It helps take into consideration project designs, the cost of the land plot according to the location of the designed facility, profitability of the expected capital investment and interest on the loan using escrow accounts.
Probabilistic Combinatorial Model of the Epidemic for a University
Authors: Borovsky Andrei , Vedernikova Tatyana
Published: January 2022

The aim of the research was to identify the main causes of infection of teachers and students in a university. Two probabilistic combinatorial problems are considered analytically to determine the probabilities and rates of infection of teachers and students in a university as a result of the appearance of infected persons among the contingent of students. The mathematical apparatus of probability theory and combinatorics is used to solve the problems. For the factorials of combinations arising in the structure, the asymptotic Stirling’s formula is used. Convergent series arise in the final formulas, reflecting the multiplicity of scenarios of the probabilistic approach. Analytical formulas for the sums of series, probabilities and rates of infection of teachers and students are obtained. It is shown that the infection of teachers and students occurs through «dangerous» spatially close contacts, when a teacher and a student talk at a distance of less than 0.5 meter. It is impossible to exclude such contacts in the students’ environment during full-time study. Among teachers, there is also a less probable classroom mechanism of infection through the volume of air infected with viruses.
Solar Wind Parameters and Its Geoefficiency During Minimums of Four Solar Cycles
Authors: Degtyarev Vitalii , Popov Georgy , Chudnenko Svetlana
Published: January 2022

Recently a number of publications have appeared on the long and deep minimum in cycle 23 of solar activity. This interest is due to the fact that it turned out to be the longest and deepest in terms of the number of sunspots in the entire era of space exploration. The features of the minimum of cycle 23 of solar activity and the beginning of cycle 24 made it possible to assume that in the coming decades, a minimum of solar activity similar to the Dalton or Maunder minimum, leading to a global change in the earth's climate, may occur. Such assumptions make a detailed study of the influence of the minimum of solar cycle 23 on the parameters of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field, as well as a comparison of this influence with similar manifestations in the three previous cycles very urgent. The work carried out statistical processing and analysis of data available in print and on the Internet on the indices of solar activity (W and F10.7), on geomagnetic activity, as well as on the parameters of the solar wind and interplanetary field. In contrast to other similar studies, when choosing time intervals for all cycles, only one — 12 months was used, which made it possible to exclude annual and semi-annual variations in solar wind parameters. For the considered minima of solar activity, the geoeffectiveness of the disturbed fluxes ICME, CIR, and Sheath was considered. A monotonic and very significant decrease in the geoeffectiveness of the ICME streams was found. Data processing on the hourly average values of the solar wind parameters at the minima of geomagnetic activity for 4 cycles confirmed the significant difference between cycle 23 and the previous ones in the behavior of the magnetic field. The cycle-by-cycle decrease in the geoeffectiveness of coronal ejections discussed in the press deserves a more detailed analysis using extensive data on magnetic activity indices.
Chinas Experience in Combating Desertification and Greenifyng the Country: History, Outcomes and Prospects
Authors: Selishchev Aleksander
Published: January 2022

In the 21st century, despite the international community’s activism in addressing global problems, environmental issues continue to be of particular relevance. The state of the environment, as never before, becomes decisive at the most important stage of implementation of the macroeconomic policy of the state - determination of its strategic development goals. The period of industrialization has left a legacy of air pollution, land degradation, desertification and deforestation on the planet, both for knowledge-intensive, post-industrialized developed countries and for developing ones that continue to rely on raw materials. Ignoring them could block any alternatives of further economic development of national economies and increase their human capital.
China is a striking example of a country, whose leaders at the end of the last century began to pay serious attention to environmental issues, first of all, to combating desertification and the subsequent implementation of forestation programs in the country. Thanks to its sound environmental policy, China has succeeded in increasing the proportion of its forest cover from 8,6 % in 1949 to 23,04 % by 2020.
The purpose of the article is to provide a retrospective analysis of the complex activities in various provinces and regions of China aimed at transforming the country into a green space. Adopting the relevant experience of other countries could be a trigger in settling the still burning environmental issue.
Chinas Economic Presence and Political Influence in Eastern Europe
Authors: Leksyutina Yana
Published: January 2022

In recent years, the media and expert discourse have widely spread perceptions of China’s dynamic expansion of its economic presence in Central and Eastern Europe and the accompanying increase in Beijing’s political influence on the countries of the region. This perception is strongly encouraged by the position of certain Western European countries and the EU bureaucracy, which view China as an actor that undermines European solidarity and spreads illiberal values and business practices. The purpose of this article is to assess the real scale of China’s economic presence in Eastern Europe, based on an analysis of official statistics, and to determine the extent to which it converts into Beijing’s political influence over the countries of the region.
Scenarios of Information Confrontation: Results of Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Timofeev Sergey , Baenkhaeva Ayuna
Published: January 2022

The article provides an overview of the first stage study results the purpose of which is to master new opportunities in the study of a complex structure of mass media. Using the methods of the dynamic systems theory, we described the stage of information dissemination through media aimed at promoting a new system of views into society, and the informational confrontation accompanying this process. For this purpose, a number of parameters have been identified that makes it possible to assess the audience reaction to the news appearance. Depending on these parameters’ ratio, we presented the scenarios for the further information dissemination as well as conclusions about the society’s readiness to the changes of existing concepts.
Major steps in 2021
Authors: Lambert Mike
Published: January 2022

no abstract
Afrontar la posverdad desde un fundamento neo-aristotélico de la educación
Authors: Schutijser De Groot Dennis
Published: January 2022

El desafío actual de la posverdad que amenaza el funcionamiento de la democracia surge desde los límitesde nuestro conocimiento y la interferencia de las emociones y los valores. Dos corrientes comunes, la ética del discurso, y la política agonista, son insuficientes para resolver este desafío. En la comprensión de la política de Aristóteles estos dos elementos ya estaban presentes. Él presenta a la política como un campo de saber determinado no exclusivamente por el saber, sino al mismo tiempo por los límites del saber y por el cargo emotivo.El objetivo de este artículo es proponer una concepción contemporánea de un discurso político phronético,incorporando las características clave de una phronesis aristotélica. La hipótesis es que un discurso políticophronético contemporáneo no se puede fundar en el bien, ya que la pluralidad de las concepciones del bien es lo que separa la política moderna de los tiempos aristotélicos. En su lugar, y siguiendo a los debates en la ética neo-aristotélica, se debería buscar el fundamento en el desarrollo del carácter de los (futuros) participantes en dicho discurso. Por consiguiente, la educación es el punto de partida esencial para reforzar las capacidades y los hábitos de los participantes del discurso a fin de mejor manejar, en la medida de lo posible, las limitaciones de nuestro conocimiento y nuestro compromiso personal con el campo político.
The hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score as a prognostic marker for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma undergoing radical nephroureterectomy: a retrospective study from two centers
Authors: Gao Xiaomin , Lin Binwei , Lin Qi , Ye Tingyu , Zhou Tao , Hu Maolin , Zhu Honghui , Lu Feng , Chen Wei , Xia Peng , Zhang Fangyi , Yu Zhixian
Published: January 2022

The combination of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score has been confirmed as an important risk biomarker in several cancers. Hence, we aimed at evaluating the prognostic value of the HALP score in patients with non-metastatic upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). We retrospectively enrolled 533 of the 640 patients from two centers (315 and 325 patients, respectively) who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for UTUC in this study. The cutoff value of HALP was determined using the Youden index by performing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The relationship between postoperative survival outcomes and preoperative HALP level was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. As a result, the cutoff value of HALP was 28.67 and patients were then divided into HALP<28.67 group and HALP≥28.67 group. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test revealed that HALP was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) (P<0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lower HALP score was an independent risk factor for OS (HR=1.54, 95%CI, 1.14-2.01, P=0.006) and PFS (HR=1.44, 95%CI, 1.07-1.93, P=0.020). Nomograms of OS and PFS incorporated with HALP score were more accurate in predicting prognosis than without. In the subgroup analysis, the HALP score could also stratify patients with respect to survival under different pathologic T stages. Therefore, pretreatment HALP score was an independent prognostic factor of OS and PFS in UTUC patients undergoing RNU.
Evaluation of online and inline emitters clogging with treated waste water and groundwater
Authors: Qadir Niyan , Aziz Salahaddin
Published: January 2022

Clogging is a serious problem in drip irrigation, especially under applied groundwater (Gw) and treated wastewater (TWW). This Clogging may uneven water distribution, and the regularity of this distribution decreases due to the   emitter clogging. Laboratory tests were conducted with fresh water to evaluate the system under several applied pressures (40, 80,100,120,140,180,200 kPa) and two types of emitters (online with discharge 2 L/h and in line with discharge 8 L/h).  A field experiment was also conducted from May to December 2020 at the experimental farm of the college of agricultural engineering sciences, Sulaimani University to monitor   clogging of two types emitters and two types of water resources. The objectives of   this study, were to evaluate the temporal changes of the emitter discharge rate and the rating of clogged emitters in the system and to quantify the effect of emitter clogging on irrigation system performance. In the experiments, two types of emitters and two types of water sources (treated wastewater and groundwater) were evaluated by measuring the emitter discharge rate of the system at seven -days intervals. Assessment time were (0, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, and 84 hours). The water source had a very significant effect on the degree of drip emitter clogging. Of the two emitters tested during the entire trial period, emitters apply a more severe flow of Treated wastewater clogging, Results showed that the clogging percentages were 76.92% and 80.61% with inline emitter in use Groundwater and Treated wastewater and 29.76% and 26.76% with the online emitter when using Groundwater and Treated wastewater respectively.