bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Философские основания практико-ориентированного подхода в образовании
Authors: Бекарев Адриан Михайлович , Пак Галина Станиславовна ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: June 2019

Практико-ориентированный подход предполагает смещение акцентов от предметного представления научного знания к его операциональному использованию. Здесь важен переход от описания к овладению способами получения знания, от устоявшегося знания к знанию о незнании. Формирование операционального знания предполагает использование технологий, соответствующих навигаторской модели в образовании. Актуальность исследования практико-ориентированного подхода в образовании не только логически вытекает из содержания того практического поворота, который произошел в современной философии, но и вызвана социальными реалиями. Изменения сегодня происходят быстрее, чем мы их ожидаем, и необходима адекватная реакция системы высшего образования на этот «неподвластный» нам факт. Цель статьи – артикулировать философские основания практико-ориентированного подхода в образовании и продолжить обоснование его эффективности в изучении курса «История и философия науки» в аспирантуре как третьем уровне высшего образования, используя идеи и результаты исследования Н.И. Мартишиной. Философская рефлексия в качестве универсальной интеллектуальной операции предполагает анализ трех уровней предметной реальности науки, описанных М.Б. Сапуновым. Результаты исследования. Философское знание, представленное в виде интеллектуальных операций, становится доступным для практического использования. Три уровня философской рефлексии по поводу предметной реальности науки обосновывают единство трех аспектов бытия науки. Обсуждения и заключения. Полученные результаты исследования являются основанием для предпочтения «навигаторской» (термин предложен С.А. Смирновым) или сетевой модели образования. Приводятся два кейса использования практико-ориентированного подхода в преподавании истории и философии науки.
Время В.А. Кутырева: Сова Минервы вылетает в последние сумерки
Authors: Маслов Вадим Михайлович ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: June 2019

В статье продолжается философское осмысление недавней крупной работы нижегородского философа В.А. Кутырева. В критическом разборе В.М. Розина принимаются ключевые пункты книги и творчества В.А. Кутырева («бытие», «небытие», «негативные последствия научно-технического развития», «философский дискурс»), но отрицаются итоговые выводы. Понимание «бытия» и «небытия» В.А. Кутыревым дается в русле онтологического открытия Парменида и общей критики метафизики М. Хайдеггером. Новизна идей В.А. Кутырева в том, что современное научнотехническое развитие утверждает возмож- ность пости вне-человеческой трансформации и возможное завершение истории человечества. Абстрактное «небытие» Парменида трансформируется в форму «инобытия» постлюдей и искусственного интеллекта. В.А. Кутырев осмысливает «негативные последствия научно-технического развития» как убыстряющуюся трансформацию техногенной цивилизации в постчеловеческую форму. Будущее никому не известно, но переход от человека к постчеловеку становится все более обоснованным. Как нам представляется, вся философия, начиная с Фалеса, должна быть заново продумана на предмет ее причастности к человеческому бытию/небытию. Значимость поднимаемых проблем требует дополнять классические, рациональные стратегии философского дискурса неклассическими. Художественность, публицистичность творчества В.А. Кутырева, на наш взгляд, является достойным примером последнего. В.А. Кутырев одним из первых отечественных (и мировых) философов начал борьбу с трансгуманизмом, современной формой постчеловеческой теории и практики. Вышедшая книга В.А. Кутырева еще раз подтверждает его статус ведущего философа в области судьбоносного вопроса современного человечества: быть или не быть?
The efficacy of intra-articular PRP, Ozone and Ozone+PRP injections in patients with osteoarthritis.
Authors: Yeprem Lale , Ellialtioglu Aysegul , Baeza-Noci Jose
Published: June 2019

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and some joints are effected more than others. The prevalence of OA increases with age and it represents the major problem for functional impairment in older patients. Non-surgical treatment with oral drugs is not suitable for many patients suffering from gastric disorders, high blood pressure or different heart diseases. Intra-articular injections are a promising solution in these cases.
This study was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of ozone injections, PRP (platelet rich plasma) injections and combined ozone plus PRP injections in patients with symptomatic knee OA.
120 patients were diagnosed of OA according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology and included into this study. Patients were randomly divided into three equal groups (40 patients each group). We include patients whose VAS score was 5 or above. Patients with inflammatory, endocrine and metabolic disturbances, and patients who had meniscectomy within the past 10 years, extra articular surgery within the last year, arthrocentesis in last 6 months or any drug given intra-articular were not included. We did not include either patients with misalignment.
Patients in the first group were treated with intra-articular injections of ozone/oxygen gas mixture 2 times/week, at 10 µg/mL concentration and a volume of 5 mL for a total of 12 injections.
Patients in the second group were treated only with PRP injections once a week for a total of 3 times.
Patients in the third group were treated with intra-articular injections of Ozone+PRP (10 µg/ml concentration, 5 ml volume) once a week for a total of 3 times.
The pain levels of patients were measured with Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Side effects were collected using an open list record.
All the groups improved their baseline VAS in a significant way, although the group with the best results was group 3 with the combination of ozone and PRP in the same injection.
We are planning further studies including systemic ozone in order to improve more the pain in our patients.
Good prospects.
Authors: Baeza Noci Jose
Published: June 2019

This third issue compiles the papers sent during 2017 and some others sent in 2018, so I apologise all the authors for the delay and thank them for their patience. The 4th issue will be devoted to be the proceeding of the World Congress organized by Dr Lamberto Re in Ancona - Italy in 2017 and will be published by Summer-19. Issue number 5 will be devoted to spine diseases thanks to the wonderful effort done by Dr. Alberto Alexandre from Treviso - Italy. The rest of the papers already sent and new to come will be published on 2020.

The indexation of this journal is so fantastic, thanks to the University of Valencia’s Publication Service, that it is quickly compiled in all open journals search indexes. We will be included in other search engines as soon as we fulfil their requirements. By the moment, the only thing we need is papers.

This issue has scientific articles devoted to basic investigation, toxicity and security topics, AIDS, cardiology, hepatitis, neurology, odontology and osteoarthritis. All of them are very interesting and try to clarify some basic and clinical aspects of ozone therapy. I want to express my most sincere gratitude to all the reviewers - members of the editorial board - that have collaborated and really helped to increase the quality of all of them. Peer review process is our corner stone in order to publish a good quality journal, as I believe this is.

For the readers, I thank them for reading our journal so much and download our papers so many times; you can read in the STATISTIC section (still on testing) the great impact our journal is having in the scientific community. I also encourage them to publish their experience. I know that many of them have never published and are afraid of doing it, but I promise I will help anybody that wants to write a paper to do it. Some of you have already checked this.

I wait for your papers meanwhile we prepare the next issues!

Prof. Jose Baeza-Noci
WFOT Past-President
JO3T Editor-in-chief
Development of Liquid Enhancer for Germination of Drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica Seed cv. MR284
Authors: Mahadi S. N. , Zawawi F. , Nulit R. , Ibrahim M. H. , Ghani N. I. Ab.
Published: June 2019

Aim: This study was conducted to develop liquid enhancer containing KCl, TU, GA, and SA for germination of drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica cv. MR284 seed.

Study Design: All experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Two steps were involved in the development process which are to select an ideal concentration for each KCl, TU, GA, and SA, and to find an ideal combination of chemicals from the selection of ideal concentrations acquired in step 1 to form liquid enhancer. There were 20 treatments for step 1 and 9 treatments for step 2. All of these treatments with 6 replicates.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, between June 2018 and December 2018.

Methodology: The sterilized rice seed cv. MR284 was stressed in the -1.2 Mpa PEG 6000 solution for three days and germinated in the KCl, TU, GA, and SA solution in a series of concentration for 10 days, in a controlled room. Seed germination was observed daily.

Results: In the first step, drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the 30 mM of KCl, 2.0 mM of TU, 0.24 mM GA, and 0.5 mM SA. Meanwhile, in the second step, the drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the combination of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.24 mM GA + 0.5 mM SA. The best germination performance was evaluated by the highest germination percentage (%), germination index, seed vigor, leaf length, root length and biomass.

Conclusion: Therefore, the combination treatments of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.5 mM SA was found to be the most effective and simplest liquid enhancer formula that has an ability to enhance seed germination of drought-stressed rice cv. MR284 seed.
Assessing Perceived Prevalence of Deception in Organizational Communication
Authors: Gupta Ritu Mittal , Randhawa Varinder
Published: June 2019

Manipulations of crucial information during interaction in organization is deception with the organization too as it impacts the overall productivity and progress of the organization. The current study was an attempt to study the perceived prevalence of organizational deception using IMT. A questionnaire was constructed in two parts for direct and indirect analysis to elicit responses regarding prevalence of deception. The study concluded that faculty members use deception for different motives which may carry serious consequences in the organizations. It is further inferred that ‘self benefit’ is the major motive of deception followed by ‘others’ benefit’ while ‘harming others’ came out to be least prevalent motive of violation of messages. The study is one of the initial steps towards using IMT theory for studying prevalence of deception. Looking into the vast scope of research in this area, the researchers can further probe deception in different interpersonal situations.
Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Presumptive Cases in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Gabriel-Job N. , Ni Paul
Published: June 2019

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death in children but it is underdiagnosed and underreported in children.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of pulmonary TB in children among presumptive cases of TB and to compare the diagnostic efficacy of different screening tool for TB in children. 

Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive prospective study carried out over one year in nine general health facilities that can provide diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis in Rivers State, Nigeria. Children aged 0 – 18 years with presumptive TB were explored. They were explored by carrying out a clinical assessment with chest radiograph, sputum or gastric aspirate for AFB microscopy and XpertMTB/RIF screening. Sociodemographic data and results of the screening tests was retrieved from their case records as well as the National Tuberculosis registers. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Rivers state Ministry of Health. Those with confirmed pulmonary TB were commenced on anti TB medications and followed up for at least 6months. Obtained data was analysed by SPSS version 20 and expressed as percentages, proportions and frequencies. A test of significance (chi square and t-test) was conducted between proportions and means as appropriate. In all a p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. 

Results: Nine hundred and sixty three patients aged 0-18 years had presumptive diagnosis of TB,   394 (40.9%) were males while 569 (59.1%) were females. The commonest presenting symptom was chronic cough which occurred in 735 (76.5%) of the patients. The prevalence of pulmonary TB was 19.1%. Significantly more males (60.9%) than female (39.1%) had confirmed tuberculosis (X2= 37.431, p-value <0.001). Significantly more children (54.3%) from the low socioeconomic class had confirmed pulmonary. Seventy two (39.1%) and 29 (15.8%) of the patients were AFB and XpertMTB/RIF positive respectively. Children aged 0-5 years were neither AFB nor XpertMTB/RIF positive. Of the children with confirmed TB, 98 (53.3%) had suggestive clinical features while 86 (46.7%) had suggestive X-ray features. More than a third (33.2%) of the children aged 0-5 years had their TB confirmed by suggestive X-rays and Clinical features. All the patients with TB were commenced on anti TB medications, 40 (21.7%) were lost to follow up (LTFU), 21 (11.4%) were transferred to other centres while 123 (66.8%) completed the treatment. 

Conclusion: The prevalence of pulmonary TB among presumptive TB cases in this study was comparable to findings from other studies and clinical diagnosis of Pulmonary TB remains very relevant in its management. Improving the clinical skills of physicians involved in TB care and treatment and the need for community/ facility collaboration to reduce cases of LTFU is advocated.
Inhibition Activity of Compounds and Bacteriophages against Flavobacterium psychrophilum Biofilms In Vitro
Authors: Papadopoulou Anna , Dalsgaard Inger , Wiklund Tom
Published: June 2019

Flavobacterium psychrophilum produces biofilms under laboratory conditions, and it has been inconclusively suggested that F. psychrophilum biofilms can be a potential reservoir for transmission of the pathogen to a fish population under fish farming conditions. Therefore, there is a need for anti-biofilm compounds. The main aim of this study was to determine the anti-biofilm properties of certain compounds and bacteriophages on F. psychrophilum biofilms under static conditions using a standard 96-well microtiter plate biofilm assay in vitro. Eight compounds (A-type proanthocyanidins, D-leucine, EDTA, emodin, fucoidan, L-alliin, parthenolide, and 2-aminoimidazole) at three sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs), four bacteriophages (Fpv-3, Fpv-9, Fpv-10, and Fpv-21), and a phage combination (Fpv-9 + Fpv-10) were tested for inhibition of biofilm formation and reduction of the biomass of mature biofilms formed by two smooth isolates (P7-9/10 and P1-10B/10) and two rough isolates (P7-9/2R/10 and P1-10B/2R/10) of F. psychrophilum. The crystal violet staining method was used to stain the biofilms. Most of the compounds at sub-MICs inhibited the biofilm formation of mainly smooth isolates, attaining up to 80% inhibition. Additionally, the same reduction trend was also observed for 2-aminoimidazole, emodin, parthenolide, and D-leucine on the biomass of mature biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. The anti-biofilm properties of the compounds are believed to lie in their ability to disturb the cellular interactions during biofilm formation and probably to cause cell dispersal in already formed biofilms. Lytic bacteriophages efficiently inhibited biofilm formation of F. psychrophilum, while they partially reduced the biomass of mature biofilms. However, the phage combination (Fpv-9 + Fpv-10) showed a successful reduction in the biomass of F. psychrophilum mature biofilms. We conclude that inhibiting compounds together with bacteriophages may supplement the use of disinfectants against bacterial biofilms (e.g., F. psychrophilum biofilms), leading to a reduced occurrence of bacterial coldwater disease outbreaks at fish farms.
Annealing‐Induced Hardening in Ultrafine‐Grained and Nanocrystalline Materials
Authors: Gubicza Jenő
Published: June 2019

Annealing of deformed metals is considered as a process necessarily leading to softening due to the annihilation of lattice defects. However, in ultrafine‐grained (UFG) and nanocrystalline materials, annealing at moderate temperatures may induce hardening. This review summarizes those effects that can result in annealing‐induced hardening (AH) in fine‐grained materials. It is noted that only those hardening phenomena are considered as AH effects that are not accompanied by the change of the phase composition and/or the grain size. Therefore, herein, strengthening caused by precipitation is not discussed. It is shown that heat treatment of nanomaterials can cause hardening due to the relaxation of grain boundaries and segregation of alloying elements to the grain boundaries as these effects hinder the occurrence of grain boundary sliding. For UFG metallic materials processed by severe plastic deformation techniques, the annihilation of mobile dislocations and the clustering of the remaining dislocations into low‐angle grain boundaries during annealing can yield hardening. It is also shown that plastic deformation after annealing can cause a restoration of the yield strength and hardness to the same level as observed before annealing. The possible reasons of this deformation‐induced softening effect are discussed in detail.
A New Twist for Materials Science: The Formation of Chiral Structures Using the Angular Momentum of Light
Authors: Omatsu Takashige , Miyamoto Katsuhiko , Toyoda Kohei , Morita Ryuji , Arita Yoshihiko , Dholakia Kishan
Published: June 2019

Recent work has shown that irradiation with light possessing orbital angular momentum (OAM) and an associated phase singularity, that is an optical vortex, twists a variety of materials. These include silicon, azo‐polymer, and even liquid‐phase resins to form various helically structured materials. This article provides a review of the unique helical‐structured materials created and the novel fundamental phenomena enabled by this interaction between both the spin angular momentum and the OAM of light with matter. Such light‐induced helical‐structured materials will potentially lead to advanced photonic devices, for instance, metamaterials for ultrasensitive detection and reactions for chiral chemical composites.
One‐Step Synthesis of Mixed Lanthanide Metal–Organic Framework Films for Sensitive Temperature Mapping
Authors: Yang Xueqing , Zou Hua , Sun Xinwen , Sun Tianying , Guo Chen , Fu Yuqiao , Wu Chi‐Man Lawrence , Qiao Xvsheng , Wang Feng
Published: June 2019

Mixed lanthanide metal–organic framework (LnMOF) films are directly grown on a quartz substrate through a wet chemical synthesis. Thermometric properties of the LnMOF films originating from temperature dependent emission intensity ratio of Tb/Eu are systematically investigated in the 298–383 K range. At an optimized Tb/Eu concentration ratio of 98.0:2.0, the ratiometric thermometer registers a high relative sensitivity of 16.14% K−1 at 359 K. As the temperature increases from 298 to 383 K, the LnMOF film thermometer also displays a distinct change in emission color from green to red, corresponding to a shift in Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates from (0.3882, 0.5271) to (0.5459, 0.4037). The colorimetric property of the LnMOF film thermometer is exploited for real‐time temperature mapping with a high sensitivity.
Analytical modeling nanoparticles‐fines reactive transport in porous media saturated with mobile immiscible fluids
Authors: Yuan Bin , Moghanloo Rouzbeh G.
Published: June 2019

This work develops a new analytical solution for the reactive flow of aqueous nanofluid into porous media originally saturated with a mobile aqueous suspension containing fine particles and a mobile oleic‐phase. The enhancement of nanoparticles on fines attachment onto rock grains is modeled through the increase of the maximum retention capacity of rock grains. Implementing the splitting technique and stream‐function converts the original 3 × 3 system of partial‐differential equations into 2 × 2 sub‐system of nanoparticles‐fines reactive transport, and a lifting equation where only phase saturation appears. Then, method of characteristics is applied to achieve the analytical solution, the validity of which is tested by numerical simulation. The historical profiles of suspended/adsorbed nanoparticles, suspended/attached fines, and phase saturation along 1‐D porous medium are reproduced. The impact of injected nanoparticles concentration and carrier fluid saturation on fines attachment is investigated. This work provides a simple‐yet‐rigorous approach to evaluate nanofluid injection to control fines migration in multiphase flow.
Reversible Mechanical Deformations of Soft Microchannel Networks for Sensing in Soft Robotic Systems
Authors: Konda Abhiteja , Lee Donghee , You Taesun , Wang Xiaoyan , Ryu Sangjin , Morin Stephen A.
Published: June 2019

Microfluidics has enabled numerous applications in, for example, analytical chemistry, medical diagnostics, microelectronics, and soft robotics. In most of these applications, the geometries of the microchannels are of fixed dimensions that (ideally) remain invariant during operation. In soft robotics, however, the geometries of the microchannels contained in soft actuation systems are inherently dynamic, and the specific dimensions are expected to change during operation, and, by extension, the fluid transport properties of the system are variable. If this characteristic is not properly considered, or if methods are not developed to control it, the progress of soft robotic devices with distributed fluid transport systems can be hampered. Herein, the deformation of soft microchannel networks is investigated using a finite‐element method and experimental observations, and the understandings are applied to imbibe sensing capabilities in soft robots that have integrated microfluidic networks with dynamic channel geometries of predictable dimensions. This approach enables the fabrication of soft fluid transport systems with deterministic deformation characteristics—a capability that is specifically applied to touch and actuation sensing in soft actuators. This work provides insight into the channel deformation processes expected in soft robotic systems with embedded networks of microchannels, enabling devices with reliable/predictable transport properties.
Influence of a climatic gradient on genetic exchange between two oak species
Authors: Burge Dylan O. , Parker V. Thomas , Mulligan Margaret , Sork Victoria L.
Published: June 2019

Premise

In plant groups with limited intrinsic barriers to gene flow, it is thought that environmental conditions can modulate interspecific genetic exchange. Oaks are known for limited barriers to gene flow among closely related species. Here, we use Quercus as a living laboratory in which to pursue a fundamental question in plant evolution: Do environmental gradients restrict or promote genetic exchange between species?

Methods

We focused on two North American oaks, the rare Quercus dumosa and the widespread Q. berberidifolia. We sampled intensively along a contact zone in California, USA. We sequenced restriction site‐associated DNA markers and measured vegetative phenotype. We tested for genetic exchange, the association with climate, and the effect on phenotype.

Results

There is evidence for genetic exchange between the species. Admixed plants are found in areas of intermediate climate, while less admixed plants are found at the extremes of the climatic gradient. Genetic and phenotypic patterns are out of phase in the contact zone; some plants display the phenotype of one species but are genetically associated with another.

Conclusions

Our results support the hypothesis that a strong climatic gradient can promote genetic exchange between species. The overall weak correlation between genotype and phenotype in the contact zone between the species suggests that genetic exchange can lead to the breakdown of trait combinations used to define species. This incongruency predicts ongoing problems for conservation of Q. dumosa, with implications for conservation of other oaks.
Sonographic features of inflammatory conditions of the breast
Authors: Febery Alice , Bennett Ian
Published: June 2019

Inflammatory conditions of the breast can be a diagnostic challenge, and ultrasound is a proven valuable tool in this setting. In acute infective conditions, ultrasound is often a superior tool to mammography due to the impracticality of applying compression to the breast and the increased parenchymal density of these often younger patients. Although infective processes comprise the majority of inflammatory conditions in the breast, not infrequently other various disease processes can masquerade as infections. In particular, inflammatory breast cancer can be easily misdiagnosed as an infective process and sonography can play an important role in expediting the correct diagnosis. Furthermore, aspiration, drainage and biopsy are frequently required in managing breast inflammation and breast disease generally, and ultrasound is the most practical imaging modality facilitating such interventions. This article provides a review of the ultrasound characteristics of some of the more frequently encountered inflammatory disorders of the breast which span a spectrum of acute to chronic conditions. The various conditions in this report are described in terms of their specific sonographic imaging features as well as pathogenesis, common clinical presentations, and aspects of management are outlined where appropriate.
Measuring Circulating Complement Activation Products in Myeloperoxidase– and Proteinase 3–Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Wu Eveline Y. , McInnis Elizabeth A. , Boyer‐Suavet Sonia , Mendoza Carmen E. , Aybar Lydia T. , Kennedy Kristin B. , Poulton Caroline J. , Henderson Candace D. , Hu Yichun , Hogan Susan L. , Hu Peiqi , Xiao Hong , Nachman Patrick H. , Jennette J. Charles , Falk Ronald J. , Bunch Donna O.
Published: June 2019

Objective

There is accumulating evidence that complement activation is important in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) pathogenesis. This study was undertaken to investigate complement activation in AAV with myeloperoxidase (MPO) positivity and AAV with proteinase 3 (PR3) positivity after determining optimal methods for measuring activated complement factors in circulation.

Methods

Participants included 98 patients with AAV (45 MPO‐ANCA positive, 53 PR3‐ANCA positive) and 35 healthy controls. Plasma was obtained from blood collected using EDTA tubes, with or without 100 μg/ml Futhan. Levels of Bb, C3a, C5a, soluble C5b–9 (sC5b–9), properdin, and C4d were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Group comparisons were made using Wilcoxon's 2‐sample test. Paired data were analyzed using a matched pairs signed rank test.

Results

Compared to healthy controls, certain complement analyte levels were high in patients with active AAV with MPO positivity, including C3a (P < 0.0001), C5a (P = 0.0004), and sC5b–9 (P = 0.0007). During remission, levels of Bb (P = 0.001), C3a (P < 0.0001), and sC5b–9 (P = 0.003) were higher. Compared to healthy controls, C3a (P < 0.0001), C5a (P = 0.002), sC5b–9 (P = 0.0001), and C4d (P = 0.005) levels were higher in patients with active AAV with PR3 positivity; levels of C3a (P < 0.0001) and C4d (P = 0.007) were also higher duriing remission. There were no significant differences in any complement analyte for either ANCA serotype between patients with active disease and those with disease in remission. Among patients with paired samples, sC5‐9 levels were significantly lower during disease remission compared to active disease. C5a was significantly lower among patients with disease in long‐term remission who were not receiving therapy. For Bb, C5a, and sC5b–9, median levels and individual values were considerably higher in control and patient samples processed without Futhan compared to those processed with Futhan.

Conclusion

Complement activation occurs in both MPO‐positive AAV and PR3‐positive AAV. The complement activation profile differs according to disease activity and possibly ANCA serotype. Futhan reduces in vitro complement activation and provides a more accurate measurement.
The Effect of Extremely Low‐Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on the Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Role of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Hosseinabadi Majid Bagheri , Khanjani Narges
Published: June 2019

Extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF‐EMFs) may cause negative health effects. This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of chronic exposure to extremely low‐frequency electric and magnetic fields on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). In this cross‐sectional study, 152 power plant workers were enrolled. The exposure level of employees was measured based on the IEEE Std C95.3.1 standard. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (independent variables) were measured in the serum of subjects. The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used to assess MSDs (dependent variable). The mean exposure of electric and magnetic fields were 4.09 V/m (standard deviation [SD] = 4.08) and 16.27 µT (SD = 22.99), respectively. Increased levels of SOD, Cat, GPx, and MDA had a direct significant relation with MSDs. In the logistic regression model, SOD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.952, P = 0.026), GPx (OR = 0.991, P = 0.048), and MDA (OR = 0.741, P = 0.021) were significant predictors of MSDs. ELF‐EMFs were not related to MSDs directly; however, increased levels of oxidative stress may cause MSDs. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:354–360. © 2019 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
Seeking Resistance in Coral Reef Ecosystems: The Interplay of Biophysical Factors and Bleaching Resistance under a Changing Climate
Authors: Page Charlotte E. , Leggat William , Heron Scott F. , Choukroun Severine M. , Lloyd Jon , Ainsworth Tracy D.
Published: June 2019

If we are to ensure the persistence of species in an increasingly warm world, of interest is the identification of drivers that affect the ability of an organism to resist thermal stress. Underpinning any organism's capacity for resistance is a complex interplay between biological and physical factors occurring over multiple scales. Tropical coral reefs are a unique system, in that their function is dependent upon the maintenance of a coral–algal symbiosis that is directly disrupted by increases in water temperature. A number of physical factors have been identified as affecting the biological responses of the coral organism under broadscale thermal anomalies. One such factor is water flow, which is capable of modulating both organismal metabolic functioning and thermal environments. Understanding the physiological and hydrodynamic drivers of organism response to thermal stress improves predictive capabilities and informs targeted management responses, thereby increasing the resilience of reefs into the future.
Randomized clinical trial of accelerated enhanced recovery after minimally invasive colorectal cancer surgery (RecoverMI trial)
Authors: Bednarski B K , Nickerson T P , You Y N , Messick C A , Speer B , Gottumukkala V , Manandhar M , Weldon M , Dean E M , Qiao W , Wang X , Chang G J
Published: June 2019

Background

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and enhanced recovery protocols (ERPs) have improved postoperative recovery and shortened length of hospital stay (LOS). Telemedicine technology has potential to improve outcomes and patient experience further. This study was designed to determine whether the combination of MIS, ERP and a structured telemedicine programme (TeleRecovery) could shorten total 30-day LOS by 50 per cent.

Methods

This was a phase II prospective RCT at a large academic medical centre. Eligible patients aged 18–80 years undergoing minimally invasive colorectal resection using an ERP were randomized after surgery. The experimental arm (RecoverMI) included accelerated discharge on postoperative day (POD) 1 with or without evidence of bowel function and a televideoconference on POD 2. The control arm was standard postoperative care. The primary endpoint was total 30-day LOS (postoperative stay plus readmission/emergency department/observation days). Secondary endpoints included patient-reported outcomes measured by EQ-5D-5L™, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and a satisfaction questionnaire.

Results

Thirty patients were randomized after robotic (21 patients) or laparoscopic (9) colectomy, including 14 patients in the RecoverMI arm. Median 30-day total LOS was 28·3 (i.q.r. 23·7–43·6) h in the RecoverMI arm and 51·5 (43·8–67·0) h in the control arm (P = 0·041). There were no differences in severe adverse events or EQ-5D-5L™ score between the study arms. The BPI revealed low pain scores regardless of treatment arm. Satisfaction was high in both arms.

Conclusion

In patients having surgery for colorectal neoplasms, the trimodal combination of MIS, ERP and TeleRecovery can reduce 30-day LOS while preserving patients' quality of life and satisfaction. Registration number: NCT02613728 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).
Cistanche extracts ameliorates the neurotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide in new mutant DJ‐1‐transfected neuroblastoma cellular models
Authors: An Chunna , Pu Xiaoping , Wang Qi , Zhang Hongning
Published: June 2019

Introduction

DJ‐1 mutation is a causative reason for familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Leucine166Proline (L166P) and C106S are two important DJ‐1 mutations. In this study, we established hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced L166P and C106S DJ‐1‐transfected neuroblastoma (SH‐SY5Y) cellular models of PD and investigated the effects of Cistanche extracts and key bioactive compounds, including acteoside, echinacoside, caffeic acid, and Cistanche total glycosides on these two models.

Methods

After expressing FLAG‐tagged L166P and C106S DJ‐1 plasmids in Escherichia coli, the expressed plasmids were collected, treated with restriction enzyme, and identified using DNA electrophoresis. After purification, the L166P DJ‐1 and C106S DJ‐1 plasmids were separately transfected into SH‐SY5Y cells using liposomes. Transfected SH‐SY5Y cells were detected by western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Cell viability was determined using MTT assay.

Results

Both western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that L166P and C106S DJ‐1 were highly expressed in the transfected SH‐SY5Y cells. MTT assays showed that transfection with L166P or C106S DJ‐1 reduced the viability of SH‐SY5Y cells exposed to H2O2, as compared to untransfected SH‐SY5Y cells. In addition, Cistanche extracts and key bioactive compounds, including acteoside, echinacoside, caffeic acid, and Cistanche total glycosides, significantly inhibited the decreases of cell viability caused by H2O2 in L166P and C106S DJ‐1‐transfected SH‐SY5Y cells.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that we successfully established sensitive and stable H2O2 induced L166P DJ‐1‐ and C106S DJ‐1‐transfected SH‐SY5Y cell models of PD and Cistanche extracts may thus be useful for treating PD.
Melanoma incidence, recurrence, and mortality in an integrated healthcare system: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Feigelson Heather S. , Powers John D. , Kumar Mayanka , Carroll Nikki M. , Pathy Arun , Ritzwoller Debra P.
Published: June 2019

Background

Numerous studies have examined melanoma incidence and survival, but studies on melanoma recurrence are limited. We examined melanoma incidence, recurrence, and mortality among members of Kaiser Permanente Colorado (KPCO) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2015.

Methods

Age‐adjusted incidence rates were computed to examine trends among KPCO members aged 21 years and older. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine factors associated with recurrence and mortality.

Results

Our cohort included 1931 cases of invasive melanoma. Incidence rates increased over time and were higher than SEER rates; however, the increase was limited to early stage disease. In multivariable models, stage at initial diagnosis, gender, and age were associated with melanoma recurrence. Men were more likely to have a recurrence than women (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19‐2.43), and for each decade of increasing age, the adjusted HR = 1.20 (95% CI: 1.06‐1.37). Factors associated with all‐cause mortality included stage (HR = 12.87, 95% CI: 6.63‐24.99, for stage IV vs stage I), male gender (HR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.12‐1.79), older age at diagnosis, lower socioeconomic status, and comorbidity index. For melanoma‐specific mortality, results were similar, with one exception: age was not associated with melanoma‐specific death (HR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.94‐1.25, P = 0.253).

Conclusions

Data derived from an insured patient population, such as KPCO, have the potential to enhance our understanding of emerging trends in melanoma. This is the first population‐based study in the United States to examine patient characteristics associated with risk of recurrence. Men have an increased risk of both recurrence and death, and thus may benefit from more intensive follow‐up than women.
LncRNA HCP5 promotes triple negative breast cancer progression as a ceRNA to regulate BIRC3 by sponging miR‐219a‐5p
Authors: Wang Lihong , Luan Tian , Zhou Shunheng , Lin Jing , Yang Yue , Liu Wei , Tong Xiao , Jiang Wei
Published: June 2019

Emerging evidence has suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) involved in the development and progression of cancer. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) was an aggressive type of breast cancer with high rates of cancer recurrence and metastasis. The pathogenesis of TNBC is largely unknown. Recent studies suggested that lncRNA HCP5 plays an important role in carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine the function and mechanism of HCP5 in TNBC. We observed that HCP5 was upregulated in TNBC cell lines and specimens. HCP5 knockdown induced TNBC cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation and orthotopic xenograft tumor growth. RNA sequencing and antibody array suggested that HCP5 achieves its functions through regulating apoptosis pathway. Bioinformatics, luciferase and RIP experiments proved that both HCP5 and BIRC3 could competitively bind to miR‐219a‐5p. Increased BIRC3 and decreased miR‐219a‐5p were observed in TNBC tissues and cell lines. We then performed gain‐ and loss‐of‐function studies as well as rescue experiments in TNBC cells. The decrease of proliferation and migration due to HCP5 knockdown could be rescued when miR‐219a‐5p inhibitor or BIRC3 was transfected and vice versa. Our study suggested that lncRNA HCP5 promotes TNBC progression as a ceRNA to regulate BIRC3 by sponging miR‐219a‐5p. In a word, we revealed a new signaling pathway to mediate TNBC, and provided HCP5 as a new target for improving treatment of TNBC.
Targeting Bacterial Biofilm: A New LecA Multivalent Ligand with Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Palmioli Alessandro , Sperandeo Paola , Polissi Alessandra , Airoldi Cristina
Published: June 2019

Biofilm formation by bacterial pathogens is a hallmark of chronic infections and is associated to increased antibiotic tolerance that makes pathogens difficult to eradicate with conventional antibiotic therapies. Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are of great concern, especially for immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients. P. aeruginosa lectins LecA and LecB are virulence factors and play a key role in establishing biofilm; therefore, inhibition of the function of these proteins has potential in dismantling the bacterium from the protective biofilm environment and in restoring the activity of antibiotics. Here, we report the NMR characterization of the binding of a galactose‐based dendrimer (Gal18) to LecA. Moreover, we demonstrate the activity of the Gal18 molecule in inhibiting P. aeruginosa biofilm formation in vitro.
Novel Non‐toxic and Non‐hazardous Solvent Systems for the Chemistry of Indoles: Use of a Sulfone‐containing Brønsted Acid Ionic Liquid Catalyst in Butyl Acetate
Authors: El‐Harairy Ahmed , Yiliqi  , Yue Meie , Fan Weigang , Popowycz Florence , Queneau Yves , Li Minghao , Gu Yanlong
Published: June 2019

Dipolar and aprotic solvents are often required in acid‐catalyzed reactions, however, many of them are listed in solvent selection guides as not‐recommended due to their toxicity or explosivity. A catalytically functionalized ionic liquid, namely a sulfone‐containing imidazolium‐based Brønsted acid ionic liquid, was synthesized. It alleviates the detrimental effect of classical dipolar aprotic solvents because this ionic liquid integrates the function of a dipolar aprotic solvent able to stabilize carbocation intermediates and the activating effect of a strong Brønsted acid on electrophiles. The use of this tailor‐made ionic liquid was exemplified in some transformation reactions of indoles, which proceeded with high yield and selectivity using a green and an industrially acceptable solvent, butyl acetate. The recyclability of the ionic liquid catalyst was also demonstrated.
Glycopeptides by Linch‐Pin C−H Activations for Peptide‐Carbohydrate Conjugation by Manganese(I)‐Catalysis
Authors: Wang Wei , Subramanian Parthasarathi , Martinazzoli Oscar , Wu Jun , Ackermann Lutz
Published: June 2019

Late‐stage C−H glycosylations of structurally complex amino acids and peptides were accomplished by means of racemization‐free manganese(I)‐catalyzed C−H activation. Thus, glycosylative modifications proved to be viable by a linch‐pin approach, featuring chemo‐ and site‐selective C−H transformations. The peptide–saccharide conjugation provided modular access to structurally complex glycopeptides, likewise enabling the assembly of fluorescent‐labelled glycopeptides.
Diphospha‐Ureas from the Phosphaketene Ph3GePCO
Authors: Szkop Kevin M. , Jupp Andrew R. , Razumkov Hlib , Xu Maotong , Stephan Douglas W.
Published: June 2019

The phosphaketene Ph3GePCO is shown to react with the phosphide KP(tBu)2 to generate the anion [Ph3GePC(O)P(tBu)2]− 1. This species reacts with CH3I or ClGePh3 to give the dissymmetric diphospha‐ureas (tBu)2PC(O)P(GePh3)(CH3) 2 and (Ph3Ge)2PC(O)P(tBu)2 3 respectively. Sequential treatment of 2 with a base and CH3I affords a route to (tBu)2PC(O)P(CH3)2 5. These species are products of the first modular diphospha‐urea synthesis. The subsequent thermal and photochemical reactivity of these species was also probed and described.
New approach to allocation planning of many‐task workflows on clouds
Authors: Gerhards Michael , Sander Volker , Živković Miroslav , Belloum Adam , Bubak Marian
Published: June 2019

Experience has shown that a priori created static resource allocation plans are vulnerable to runtime deviations and hence often become uneconomic or highly exceed a predefined soft deadline. The assumption of constant task execution times during allocation planning is even more unlikely in a cloud environment where virtualized resources vary in performance. Revising the initially created resource allocation plan at runtime allows the scheduler to react on deviations between planning and execution. Such an adaptive rescheduling of a many‐task application workflow is only feasible, when the planning time can be handled efficiently at runtime. In this paper, we present the static low‐complexity resource allocation planning algorithm (LCP) applicable to efficiently schedule many‐task scientific application workflows on cloud resources of different capabilities. The benefits of the presented algorithm are benchmarked against alternative approaches. The benchmark results show that LCP is not only able to compete against higher complexity algorithms in terms of planned costs and planned makespan but also outperforms them significantly by magnitudes of 2 to 160 in terms of required planning time. Hence, LCP is superior in terms of practical usability where low planning time is essential such as in our targeted online rescheduling scenario.
Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Sulfurated Heterocycles with Herbicidal Activity: Reaction of 2‐Alkynylbenzoic Acids with Lawesson's Reagent
Authors: Giofrè Salvatore V. , Mancuso Raffaella , Araniti Fabrizio , Romeo Roberto , Iannazzo Daniela , Abenavoli Maria Rosa , Gabriele Bartolo
Published: June 2019

The reactivity of 2‐alkynylbenzoic acids toward Lawesson's reagent (LR) under microwave irradiation (300 W, 100 °C, CH2Cl2) was assessed. It was found that, depending on reaction conditions, either a dithionation‐ or a monothionation‐cycloisomerization process takes place with formation of important sulfurated heterocycles. In particular, using 1 equivalent of LR for 1 h, dithionation occurred, with formation of benzo[c]thiophene‐1(3H)‐thiones or 1H‐isothiochromene‐1‐thiones, while with 0.5 equiv. of LR for 10–30 min, monothionated products were selectively obtained (benzo[c]thiophen‐1(3H)‐ones or 1H‐isothiochromen‐1‐ones). The regiochemical output of the process strongly depended on the substitution pattern of the starting 2‐alkynylbenzoic acid derivatives. These compounds were also assayed as potential herbicides by assessing their phytotoxic activity on seedling growth and development of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. All compounds, to different extents, influenced the morpho‐physiological parameters that were monitored; in particular, the fresh weight (FW) was significantly affected, with ED50 values ranging from 4.81–63.7 μM.
The curvilinear and time‐lagging impact of sustainability performance on financial performance: Evidence from Germany
Authors: Nuber Claudio , Velte Patrick , Hörisch Jacob
Published: June 2019

Based on the stakeholder‐agency theory, this study empirically investigates the impact of sustainability performance on financial performance. We rely on a sample from the German DAX30, MDAX, and TecDAX from 2008 to 2017. In contrast to former studies concentrating on the German market that tested a direct linear relationship between sustainability performance and financial performance, a time‐lagging and curvilinear regression analysis was carried out, and evidence of a U‐shaped relationship was found. This implies that sustainability management aiming at increasing financial performance should proactively strive for very high levels of corporate sustainability to meet the needs of investors and further stakeholders.