bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radiative effects of volcanic aerosols over Southwestern Iberia
Authors: Costa Maria João , Salgueiro Vanda , Pérez-Ramírez Daniel , Román Roberto , Bortoli Daniele , Guerrero-Rascado Juan Luis , Potes Miguel , Alados-Arboledas Lucas
Published: July 2024

Aerosols are important atmospheric constituents, playing a major role in many atmospheric processes and capable of altering the Earth’s radiation budget, through direct and indirect effects, thus acting as major drivers of climate forcing. Understanding and quantifying the ways in which different types of aerosols interact with radiation is therefore crucial.The investigation focuses on the radiative effects of transported aerosols originating from the Tajogaite volcanic eruption at La Palma, Canary Islands (Spain), which occurred between September and December 2021. The Iberian Peninsula was on the path of a few occurrences of atmospheric aerosol plumes originating from the eruptive region, with a notable case between 11 and 13 October. The primary aim of the study is to examine the radiative effects of volcanic aerosols in different spectral regions, during this period over Évora and Granada. Sun-photometer and lidar measurements available at these sites provide comprehensive columnar and vertically resolved aerosol data. It was already reported that volcanic ash was limited to regions nearby the source, and that particularly during the 3-day period (11-13 October) considered, the ash cloud covered an area below 100 km2. Observations on 12 October indicate that the volcanic plume transport towards Iberia was characterized by low particle depolarization ratios (with a mean value of 0.08±0.02) and a high backscatter-related Angström exponent between 532–1064 nm (with a mean value of 1.4±0.24). These values suggest that the plumes transported for longer distances predominantly contained small spherical sulphate particles. A mean aerosol optical depth of 0.12±0.021 at 532 nm, was registered on 12 October at the sites considered. Lidar measurements revealed a layer of small particles roughly located between 2.5 and 5.0 km above sea level at Évora, with a slightly lower bottom at Granada (~2 km).The radiative effects in the UV, VIS-NIR, and IR spectral regions will be assessed using the uvspec program within the LibRadtran software package. This tool enables the calculation of radiative fluxes at different vertical levels using measured aerosol properties, including the particle extinction coefficient profiles. The impact of the aerosol vertical distribution on the radiative effects, as well as their assessment at the surface and TOA levels, will be presented.
Understanding the Role of Soil Moisture-Atmosphere Interactions during European Summer Heat Wave Using Regional Climate Modeling
Authors: Verma Shruti , Crespo Natalia Machado , Belda Michal , Halenka Tomas , Huszar Peter
Published: July 2024

Understanding the Role of Soil Moisture-Atmosphere Interactions during European Summer Heat Wave Using Regional Climate ModelingAbstract: European summer heat waves pose significant challenges to society, ecosystems, and infrastructure. Understanding the intricate interplay between soil moisture and the atmosphere during these events is crucial for accurate prediction and effective mitigation strategies. This topic delves into the complexities of this relationship, utilizing regional climate modeling to explore the mechanisms driving heat wave dynamics over Europe.The developments of extreme heatwave often linked to the emergence of local high pressure, lead to decrease cloud cover and more shortwave solar radiation at the surface as well as adiabatic subsidence that leads to anomalous high temperature. In this paper, state-of-the-art regional climate model, RegCM5 has been dynamical downscaling over EURO-CORDEX domain (12km horizontal resolution) with 3 hourly initial and boundary condition of ERA-5 to replicate the dynamical features of extreme heatwave event that occurred during 2019, 2020 and 2021 over Europe.This study investigates the sensitivity experiments and coherence in the combination of different physical parameterization with specific focus on role of soil moisture in modulating synoptic pattern and spatio temporal evaluation of extreme heat wave event in the model simulation.  The coupling of drought and heatwaves can intensify individual hazards by linking soil moisture with atmospheric conditions (Shukla et al., 2015), accelerating projected impacts on ecosystems, socioeconomics, and human health. This combined effect results in increased evaporation, causing surface soil moisture to decline, which in turn creates a positive feedback loop. This alteration affects the surface energy balance by changing the distribution of sensible and latent heat fluxes, resulting in above-normal surface air temperatures. Additionally, this study aims to elucidate the synoptic pattern and spatiotemporal evaluation of extreme heatwave events, with a particular focus on the feedback mechanism between soil moisture and the atmosphere. This mechanism acts as a secondary positive feedback by amplifying anticyclonic conditions (Thompson et al., 2022), which promote a strong high-pressure ridge over the Iberian Peninsula, France, and neighboring regions.Keywords: Regional climate model, European Heatwave, Soil moisture-atmosphere feedback
Simulated Low-Level Jets in the North and Baltic Seas: Sensitivity Analysis and Climatology
Authors: Olsen Bjarke T. , Alonso-de-Linaje Nicolas G. , Hahmann Andrea N. , Žagar Mark
Published: July 2024

Accurately accounting for Low-level jets (LLJs) in wind resource assessment is increasingly important as the height of wind turbines continues to grow. During LLJ events, wind speeds increase, leading to a general increase in power output. However, the vertical wind shear and veer associated with LLJs also impact the performance and reliability of wind turbines. Atmospheric conditions, conductive of the LLJs may also modify the wake dissipation properties in large offshore wind farms, depending on the LLJ height relative to the height of the wind farm's rotors. This study aims to optimize the configuration of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to represent LLJs around the North and Baltic Seas at heights relevant to wind energy production. Using the optimal WRF model configuration, we derive a detailed long-term LLJ climatology focusing on wind energy implications.We utilize wind measurements from LiDARs and a mast for five sites to assess the quality of the WRF model simulations for LLJ characterization. We also investigate the benefits of WRF simulations compared to the widely used ERA5 re-analysis. In the WRF model simulations, we vary the grid spacing, vertical resolution, and the planetary boundary layer scheme and land surface models, parameters we deemed most likely to have a substantial impact. The model’s performance was evaluated based on its ability to replicate observed distributions of LLJs and relevant associated characteristics, such as the shear and veer across the rotor-plane of typical large offshore wind turbines (30-300 meters). Our results show a strong dependency of the LLJ representation and the associated wind profiles on WRF model configuration and that relying on ERA5 for LLJ characterization is insufficient. For example, the LLJ rate-of-occurrence varied by up to a factor of 3 and more between some WRF model runs. The optimized model more accurately reflects the frequency, intensity, and vertical extension of LLJs, as confirmed by LiDAR data. Subsequent application of this configuration to a multi-year climatology provides new insights into the region's temporal patterns and potential wind energy impacts of LLJs.
Aspects of time variability of the surface solar irradiance as measured and analysed from ground-based measurements with a distinction of cloudyness 
Authors: Ferlay Nicolas , Chesnoiu Gabriel , Chiapello Isabelle , Elias Thierry
Published: July 2024

We provide here insight into the time variability of the surface solar irradiance (SSI) and of its characteristics obtained from an analysis of ground-based measurements from a western Europe location with both a high cloudiness and a highly variable load in aerosols. We detail here the application of automatic filtering methods on 1 min resolution SSI measurements that lead to the distinction of clear-sky, clear-sun-with-cloud, and cloudy-sun situations. Coincident photometric measurements of aerosol properties and radiative transfer simulations provide the mean to conduct a multivariate analysis of some SSI observed trends and year-to-year evolutions, and to estimate aerosol and cloud forcings under clear-sun conditions. The analysis focuses in particular on clear-sun-with-cloud situations that are often associated with positive cloud enhancement effects. On monthly-average 13 % more global horizontal irradiance and 10 % additional diffuse proportion are encountered in clear-sun-with-cloud situations compared with clear-sky situations, setting the amount of solar irradiance at the remarkable level of pristine (aerosol and cloud free) conditions but with a proportion of diffuse component multiplied by 2.5. With a synergy of observations (pyrheliometer and lidar) that identify cloud covers, we analyze the statistical characteristics of the surface solar irradiance per cloud cover category and how they vary with the width of a temporal averaging window. Results show that positive cloud radiative forcing are more frequent and higher for Cumulus situations compared with Cirrus one, but attenuates faster with time. Our results address the capacity of atmospheric modelling and of satellite-based surface radiation data set to generally not yet represent these important details in SSI variability’s features.
The Heat and Health in Cities (H2C) project to support the prevention of extreme heat in cities
Authors: Lemonsu Aude ,   Lemonsu A.1, Alessandrini J.-M.2, Capo J.1, Claeys M.1, Cordeau E.3, de Munck C.1, Dahech S.4, Dupont J.-C.5, Dugay F.6, Dupuis V.7, Forceville G.8, Garrigou S.3, Garrouste O.1, Goret M.1, Goria S.8 , Haeffelin M.9, Host S.3, Joly C.6, Keravec P.10, Kotth
Published: July 2024

People's exposure to heat during the summer period can have serious repercussions on their health. This exposure is particularly problematic in cities, where it is exacerbated by the urban heat island (UHI), and can be associated with poor air pollution conditions. Today, preventing the risks associated with heat and air quality is a major public health issue in cities. A better understanding of urban-subscale variations in the exposure of inhabitants to heat and air pollutants in summer is necessary to adapt prevention measures and to improve the relevance of weather and air quality forecasts for the assessment of health impacts and for supporting decision-making.The French research project Heat and Health in Cities (H2C) aims to improve the urban climate services to support heat risk prevention policies, with the Paris region (France) as a case study. In response, the three scientific objectives were identified: (1) Improve our understanding of the impacts of urban covers on UHI, local meteorology and air quality ; (2) Strengthen the synergy between numerical modeling and multi-source observations to assess the variations in population exposure to heat and air pollution, and the associated health risks ; (3) Develop and provide information that is useful for decision-making related to prevention.Based on the cross-referencing of health, meteorological, socio-economic and urban data (at scale of the region municipalities and Paris' districts), the project has helped to clarify the environmental and social drivers of heat-related health impacts in the Paris region. In addition, an experimental campaign documented the multi-scale variability of meteorological conditions at the surface and in the atmospheric boundary layer. These observations are currently combined with weather and air quality numerical modelling, down to hectometric resolution, to gain a better understanding of the processes involved and the contrasts in exposure in the region and in Paris. The link with thermal comfort conditions in buildings is also explored on the basis of building simulations for a sample of Parisian housing stock. Finally, a major challenge is now the co-construction of territorialized indicators with the help of a group of stakeholders, for the definition of feasible, relevant and understandable urban climate services. For this, a multi-criteria analysis cartographic platform is being developed, fed by knowledge and data from research. The organization of workshops with stakeholders aims to collectively build and test different indicators thanks to a dynamic visual geographic and statistical restitution, and to guide the design of an operational tool.
Exotic tree plantations in the Chilean Coastal Range: balancing the effects of discrete disturbances, connectivity, and a persistent drought on catchment erosion
Authors: Tolorza Violeta , Mohr Christian H. , Zambrano-Bigiarini Mauricio , Sotomayor Benjamín , Poblete-Caballero Dagoberto , Carretier Sebastien , Galleguillos Mauricio , Seguel Oscar
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The Chilean Coastal Range, located in the Mediterranean segment of Chile, is a soil-mantled landscape with the potential to store valuable freshwater supplies and support a biodiverse native forest. Nevertheless, human intervention has been increasing soil erosion for ∼ 200 years, culminating in the intense management of exotic tree plantations throughout the last ∼ 45 years. At the same time, this landscape has been severely affected by a prolonged megadrought. As a result, this combination of stressors complicates disentangling the effects of anthropogenic disturbances and hydroclimatic trends on sediment fluxes at the catchment scale. In this study, we calculate decennial catchment erosion rates from suspended-sediment loads and compare them with a millennial catchment denudation rate estimated from detrital 10Be. We then contrast both of these rates with the effects of discrete anthropogenic-disturbance events and hydroclimatic trends. Erosion and denudation rates are similar in magnitude on decennial and millennial timescales, i.e., 0.018 ± 0.005 and 0.024 ± 0.004 mm yr−1, respectively. Recent human-made disturbances include logging operations throughout all seasons and a dense network of forestry roads, thereby increasing structural sediment connectivity. Further disturbances include two widespread wildfires (2015 and 2017) and an earthquake with an Mw value of 8.8 in 2010. We observe decreased suspended-sediment loads during the wet seasons for the period 1986–2018, coinciding with declining streamflow, baseflow, and rainfall. The low millennial denudation rate aligns with a landscape dominated by slow diffusive soil creep. However, the low decennial erosion rate and the decrease in suspended sediment disagree with the expected effect of intense anthropogenic disturbances and increased structural (sediment) connectivity. Such a paradox suggests that suspended-sediment loads, and thus respective catchment erosion, are underestimated and that decennial sediment detachment and transport have been masked by decreasing rainfall and streamflow (i.e., weakened hydroclimatic drivers). Our findings indicate that human-made disturbances and hydrologic trends may result in opposite, partially offsetting effects on recent erosion, yet both contribute to landscape degradation.
Short communication: Resolving the discrepancy between U–Pb age estimates for the “Likhall” bed, a key level in the Ordovician timescale
Authors: Paul André Navin , Lindskog Anders , Schaltegger Urs
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The “Likhall” bed is a rare case of a single-age zircon population from a carbonate rock, which in this case is contextualised with remarkable biotic and environmental changes and with meteorite bombardment of Earth after an asteroid breakup in space. Published high-precision chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) U–Pb age estimates disagree on the typical precision of <0.1 % for a 206Pb/238U date, which has led to discrepancies in the interpretation of the timing of events and their possible cause–effect relationships. Here we evaluate the relative strengths, weaknesses, and discrepancies in the datasets published so far; propose strategies to overcome them; and present a new U–Pb dataset with improved precision and accuracy. Ultimately, we find that domains of residual Pb loss are a significant source of age offset between previously published data, amplified by differences in data evaluation strategies. Our new dataset benefits from an improved chemical abrasion protocol resulting in a more complete mitigation of decay-damage-induced grain portions and points to a weighted mean age estimate of 466.37±0.14/0.18/0.53 Ma for the “Likhall” zircon population. This age is intermediate between previous estimates but outside of analytical uncertainty, and it provides a firm tie point for the Ordovician timescale.
Long-term changes in the ocean tide at Port Louis, Falkland Islands
Authors: Woodworth Philip L.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The historic tide gauge measurements at Port Louis in the Falkland Islands made by James Clark Ross in 1842 have been used to see whether there have been long-term changes in the ocean tide at that location. The conclusion is that there is no evidence for any significant change, which contrasts with tide gauge findings from other parts of the world over similar timescales. As by-products, the study has also been instructive in providing an example of how to obtain accurate tidal information from tabulations of high and low waters and from short tide gauge records.
Fully Automated Spotting Device for Thin-Layer Chromatography based on the Modification of a 3D Printer
Authors: Neumaier Jochen Micha , Renz Anna-Lena , Menzel Florian
Published: July 2024

Column chromatography and the subsequent analysis of the collected fractions using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) are immensely popular and frequently used methods in organic chemistry. To analyze the fractions, they have to be spotted onto the TLC plates, which can be a time-consuming task. Therefore, we have developed an automatic spotting device based on a conversion of a 3D printer kit, which could be easily built for around 500 €. All parts come directly from the 3D printer kit, are 3D printed, or are commercially available, such as syringes and tubing. In this manuscript, we describe the design and use of the spotting device. In addition, we provide a detailed step-by-step assembly instruction and all CAD files for easy replication.
La tachadura como forma de compromiso estético. Un análisis a partir de las obras de José Miguel Ullán, Concha Jerez y Fernando Millán
Authors: Zorita-Arroyo Diego
Published: July 2024

La tachadura constituye uno de los procedimientos formales empleados en el campo de la poesía experimental española, pero, también, dentro del arte conceptual. Este artículo analiza tres obras en los que este procedimiento se aplica sobre textos originales apropiados. El carácter críptico de estas obras—por la parquedad o ausencia de unidades léxicas que en ellos aparecen—, su autonomía formal y su descontextualización invitan a realizar una lectura metarreferencial según la cual la tachadura constituiría solamente una forma de intensificación de la materialidad gráfica del signo. Sin embargo, la atención a los textos apropiados sobre los que la tachadura se opera arroja sospechas sobre cualquier lectura formalista. La naturaleza de los textos apropiados apunta a una interpretación política que se ve reforzada si consideramos la actividad «tachadora» del régimen franquista, ejercida preventivamente tanto en los textos enviados a consulta voluntaria como sobre las pintadas que orlaban los muros de la ciudad. Este artículo defiende que el procedimiento impersonal de la apropiación y el tachado constituye una corriente alternativa de compromiso estético en las obras de José Miguel Ullán, Concha Jerez y Fernando Millán y analiza los distintos significados que emanan de un acto de supresión del sentido.
Sobre el concepto y los derechos de la persona "afectada" por comunicaciones sobre infracciones en la Ley 2/2023, reguladora de la protección de la persona informante
Authors: Del Rey Guanter Salvador
Published: July 2024

Un sujeto de gran relevancia en la Ley 2/2023, tanto por las obligaciones que se le impone como por los derechos que se le garantiza, es el de la denominada “persona afectada”, que es la persona física o jurídica a la que se hace referencia como infractora en las comunicaciones que una persona informante puede realizar al canal interno de una entidad, al canal externo ante la Autoridad Independiente de Protección del Informante o en una revelación pública. La ley, en diversos preceptos, pero sobre todo en su art. 39, contempla las medidas de protección de esta persona tendrá durante la tramitación del expediente en aquellos canales, reconociéndole los derechos a la presunción de inocencia, a la defensa, y al acceso a dicho expediente, considerando además que esa persona gozará de la misma protección establecida para la persona informante. El objetivo de este estudio es delimitar legalmente la figura de la persona afectada, así como sistematizar y analizar en términos generales esos derechos que la ley le reconoce, especialmente en los procedimientos previstos por la ley en los canales interno y externo para la tramitación de comunicaciones de infracciones presuntamente cometidas por esa persona afectada.
El canal externo de información en la ley 2/2023
Authors: Capdeferro Villagrasa Óscar
Published: July 2024

El canal externo se configura como una de las vías previstas en la Ley 2/2023 para comunicar infracciones del ordenamiento jurídico conocidas en un contexto laboral o profesional. La posición del canal externo es peculiar, pues su acceso no está condicionado a la previa denuncia a través del sistema interno de información, pero la Ley 2/2023 apunta que la vía preferente es la interna. Por otro lado, la revelación pública está condicionada, entre otros aspectos, a la previsión de un mal funcionamiento del canal externo. Asimismo, merecen especial atención las autoridades que gestionan el canal externo, sus facultades (incluyendo la sancionadora) y los aspectos principales del régimen jurídico derivado de la posición de informante y de afectado por la información. La regulación y puesta en funcionamiento de los canales externos previstos en la Ley 2/2023 plantea algunas dudas y presenta posibles problemas, que se exponen, y sobre los que se reflexiona.
La nueva ley del informante y su repercusión en el ámbito penal
Authors: García-Panasco Morales Guillermo
Published: July 2024

El objeto de este trabajo es analizar las consecuencias que la entrada en vigor de la Ley 2/2023, de 20 de febrero, conocida como la «Ley del informante», puede tener en determinados ámbitos del Derecho penal y procesal penal. En particular, se abordará la repercusión del nuevo sistema de información en la configuración de la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas y, singularmente, en el contenido y eficacia de los programas de compliance. Seguidamente, se analizarán diversos problemas prácticos como el contenido de las investigaciones internas y la posible afectación de algunos derechos fundamentales (mediante el registro de dispositivos electrónicos o la utilización de grabaciones de seguridad), con especial atención a las garantías derivadas de la necesaria protección de los derechos a la defensa y a la presunción de inocencia de las personas físicas y jurídicas, para que las diligencias practicadas puedan ser utilizadas en un proceso penal.
KAIZEN E A MELHORIA CONTÍNUA NAS OPERAÇÕES PRODUTIVAS: estudo de caso em uma indústria de termoplásticos
Authors: Assis Naiara Aparecida , José Casagrande Diego
Published: July 2024

Kaizen representa esforços de melhoria contínua, executados sistemicamente, que possuem como foco central a busca pela eliminação dos desperdícios. No melhoramento contínuo, em sua essência, não é a taxa de melhoramento que é necessariamente importante, mas sim a sua constância. Desta forma, o Kaizen é importante para a qualidade, pois o mesmo deseja garantir que todos os processos sejam melhorados de maneira continua. Trata-se, deste modo, tanto de um método quanto de uma filosofia de gestão. Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente artigo é analisar os benefícios da implantação do kaizen dentro de uma indústria de termoplásticos mediante a realização de um estudo de caso. Justifica-se essa pesquisa pois, abordar kaizen está dentro da área de Produção, bem como na rotina e/ou cotidiano de todas as pessoas que trabalham na área de produção ou atuam dentro de um sistema de gestão da qualidade (SGQ). A pesquisa estudou a utilização da ferramenta do kaizen, sua importância e seus benefícios na indústria. Por meio da implantação do kaizen, pode-se perceber benefícios, tais como aumento da capacidade produtiva, melhor organização do ambiente de trabalho, elevação de faturamento e maior eficácia no atendimento de pedidos.
Events and data concerning the Black Sea evolution after the last glacial peak: A comment
Authors: Genov Ivan , Slavova Krasimira , Koleva-Rekalova Elena , Doǧan Turhan
Published: July 2024

The main point of the study is the juxtaposition in the characteristics of the Black Sea, such as salinity and water level, for the last ~20,000 years. These characteristics have been depending on climate changes and geological events that occurred during this time interval. The Black Sea Basin has undergone significant ecological and geological changes since the end of the Pleistocene (following the Last Glacial Maximum). The study’s main motif is to synchronize events and data from previous and new studies. This study includes some new data on rice-like aragonite at the base of sapropel sediments and radiocarbon dating of reef mussels. A medium surface salinity curve for the Black Sea Basin is derived for the studied time period. The sudden change in salinity is associated with rapid increase in water level in the basin following the penetration of saltier waters through the Bosporus. The conclusion was drawn after comparing current hypotheses.
Features of Radiation Criteria of Chronic Generalized Periodontitis in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Morozova T. G. , Tjurin S. M. , Mishutina O. L.
Published: July 2024

Objective. To determine the features of the radiation criteria of chronic generalized periodontitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Materials and Methods. 71 patients were examined with chronic generalized periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The average age of patients was 48 ± 6.9 years. All patients underwent cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) (n = 71), orthopantomography (n = 42).Results. In the group of patients with seronegative RA, radiation criteria according to CBCT were more pronounced in comparison with patients with seropositive RA. Signs of a decrease in bone density according to CBCT correlated with changes in the musculoskeletal system in 68.9 % of cases in the group with seropositive RA (r = 0.954). When analyzing CBCT in assessing jaw density for patients with RA, it was found that the method is effective. In case of seropositive or seronegative RA, the lowest bone density according to CBCT is found in the structure of the upper jaw.Conclusion. 1. In the group of patients with seronegative RA, radiation criteria according to CBCT were more pronounced compared with patients with seropositive RA (p < 0.05). 2. A decrease in bone density according to CBCT correlated with changes in the musculoskeletal system in the group with seropositive RA (r = 0.954). 3. When analyzing CBCT in assessing jaw bone density for patients with RA, it was found that the method is effective (AUROC 0.993, CI 0.958 – 0.996). 4. It was found that in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis on the background of seropositive or seronegative RA, the lowest bone density according to CBCT is found in the structure of the upper jaw.
Política e Liberdade em Hannah Arendt : Ou sobre outras/novas formas de sociabilidade
Authors: Moura Sara de Sousa , Brazil Vicente Thiago Freire
Published: July 2024

O propósito desta pesquisa é o exame de alguns aspectos da filosofia de Hannah Arendt como contribuinte para o pensamento político contemporâneo, tendo em vista as crises enfrentadas pelas sociedades e a necessidade de se pensar uma ação pública pela ótica de Arendt, principalmente na área da mobilização dos indivíduos. Para isso se fez necessário, o estudo de suas principais obras: A condição humana, Origens do totalitarismo, Entre passado e futuro, parte de sua formação estará presente, como sua filosofia. É no âmbito filosófico e político propostos por Hannah Arendt que este trabalho está baseado, onde a pretensão é entendermos o que é a política e como ela pode contribuir para a liberdade na autora. Por fim, nos voltaremos para compreender qual a contribuição do pensamento político de Arendt para uma sociabilidade contemporânea, refletindo sobre um conjunto de ações que proporcione processos formativos focados na consolidação de conhecimentos e valores capazes de tornar os indivíduos aptos a exercerem seus papéis como cidadãos. A presente pesquisa utiliza-se de uma metodologia fundamentada no método de pesquisa bibliográfica com o objetivo de analisar os conceitos a partir das obras citadas. Partindo de uma análise qualitativa a partir dos principais especialistas e comentadores das obras estudadas disponíveis em língua portuguesa.
Association of variants of the APOE, CETP genes and the 9P21.3 chromosomal region with coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and acute heart failure
Authors: Semaev S. E. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Orlov P. S. , Ivanoshchuk D. E. , Malyutina S. K. , Gafarov V. V. , Voevoda M. I. , Ragino Yu. I. , Shakhtshneider E. V.
Published: July 2024

A relevant task for the healthcare system is to identify the groups most predisposed to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) of atherosclerotic genesis. Risk stratification is an important component of choosing a management strategy for both CVD patients and those with risk factors. The individual risk of an unfavorable cardiovascular outcome is determined by genetic factors in addition to lifestyle factors.

   The aim of the work was to examine the association of variants of the APOE, CETP and chromosomal region 9p21.3 with coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI) and acute heart failure (ACF) in a sample of residents of Novosibirsk.

   Material and methods. Sample: 2516 participants of the HAPIEE project (57.5 ± 0.2 years old, male to female ratio 45:55). The choice of the variants of the APOE, CETP and the chromosomal region 9p21.3 was due to their significant association with CVD according to several studies and meta-analyses. Genotyping of rs708272, rs429358 and rs7412 was performed by Real-Time PCR using TaqMan reagents; genotyping of rs1333049 was performed using a commercial KASP kit.

   Results. Allele C of rs1333049 was associated with an increased risk of CHD, MI and AHF in the subgroup of men (p = 0,008) and in the general group (p = 0,002). In the general group, the incidence of CHD, MI and AHF was significantly lower in carriers of the G allele (odds ratio 0.748, 95 % confidence interval 0.606–0.924, p = 0.007). We confirmed the association of the ɛ2/ɛ4 genotype of the APOE gene with CHD, MI and AHF among males (p = 0.007) and in the whole study sample (p = 0.009). In the women subgroup the genotype ɛ2/ɛ2 (p < 0.0001) was associated with CHD, MI and AHF, while in carriers of the genotype ɛ3/ɛ3, the incidence of CHD, MI and AHF was significantly lower (odds ratio 0.675, 95 % confidence interval 0.509–0.894, p = 0,006).

   Conclusions. This work shows the association of rs1333049 of chromosomal region 9p21.3 and rs429358&rs7412 of the APOE gene with the risk of CHD, MI and AHF in a sample of residents of Novosibirsk. These variants may be recommended for inclusion into a genetic risk score.
Associations of vital exhaustion and behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in young people
Authors: Gafarov V. V. , Gromova E. A. , Gagulin I. V. , Denisova D. V. , Tripelgorn A. N. , Gafarova A. V.
Published: July 2024

Aim of the study was to analyze the associations of vital exhaustion (VE) with smoking and physical activity among people 25–44 years old in the city of Novosibirsk.

   Material and methods. A study was carried out on a random representative sample of people aged 25–44 years from the database of the Territorial Compulsory Health Insurance Fund in one of the districts of Novosibirsk in 2013–2016. 975 individuals were examined, including 427 men (age 34.0 ± 0.4 years) and 548 women (age 35.0 ± 0.4 years). The response rate was 50 %. To assess the level of vital exhaustion (VE), the MOPSY scale for VE was proposed; attitudes towards smoking and physical activity were studied using the “Knowledge and attitude towards one’s health” scale, previously tested and validated for the study population in the WHO program “MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY)”. The materials were processed in accordance with the algorithms presented by the WHO program “MONICA” and the results were obtained on the scales.

   Results. VE was observed in 48.6 % of participants. 58.9 % of respondents smoked (p < 0.001). Among individuals with a high level of VE (HVE), 10.5 % attempted to change smoking, but were unsuccessful (p < 0.05). Respondents were asked the question: “Do you do physical exercises at home?”, among persons with HVE of both sexes, the answer “I should have done exercises, but I don’t” prevailed in 53.2 % cases (p < 0.01). To the question: “How do you spend your leisure time?” among people with HVE, the answer “physically passive” was more common – 38 % (p < 0.001).

   Conclusions. Individuals with HVE have a greater dependence on smoking and a lower level of physical activity.
The Influence of Covid-19 on the Management of Dental Clinics
Authors: Rey-Martínez María Sofía ,   Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain., Martínez González José María , Rey-Martínez María Helena , Suárez-Quintanilla José María ,   Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.,   Department of Otolaryngology, Central Hospital of the Red Cross of Madrid, 28003 Madrid, Spain.,   Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 A Coruña, Spain.
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to describe the consequences of COVID-19 on the management of dental clinics by dentists in Galicia. A study was carried out with 347 professionals in which aspects related to their personal and social data, their professional activity and their emotional state were evaluated. 83% said that patients’ demands, expectations and moods had changed and 50% of the professionals responded that they felt more sensitive to patients’ criticisms of their treatments and to a greater extent the dentists who have less decision-making power (p=0.005) and management of their clinics. 87.90% of the dental professionals reported a decrease in income between 10,000 euros and 60,000 euros. Nearly 74% of the professionals reported a decrease in patients of between 10% and 25%. The feeling of loneliness is common among dentists and 50% would like to make profound changes in human resources management and in the use of protocols.
Diagnosis and management of type III gastric neuroendocrine tumor: Recent advances
Authors: Le Tan Minh ,   Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea., Cho Jin Woong ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
Published: July 2024

Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs) encompass a heterogeneous group of neoplasms arising from enterochromaffin-like cells in the gastric mucosa. Among the various subtypes, type III gastric NETs represent a clinically and biologically distinct entity characterized by their aggressive behavior and unique histopathological features. This review aims to provide an overview and update on diagnosis and management of type III gastric NETs. In general, type III gastric NETs present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their nonspecific clinical manifestations and heterogeneous biological behavior. Advances in diagnostic modalities, including endoscopic techniques, and molecular profiling, have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis and classification of type III gastric NETs, facilitating more accurate diagnosis and risk stratification. Treatment strategies for type III gastric NETs encompass a multimodal approach, including endoscopic/surgical resection, medical therapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, and chemotherapy, tailored to the individual patient’s tumor characteristics and stage of disease. Endoscopic resection has emerged as a valuable therapeutic option for select cases of well-differentiated lesions confined to the mucosal or submucosal layers, offering the advantages of minimal invasiveness and preservation of gastric function.
Efektifitas Pendidikan Kesehatan Dengan Media Video Animasi Dan Flipchart Terhadap Pengetahuan Dan Sikap Ibu Dalam Penanganan Kejang Demam Di Rumah
Authors: Luqyana Farah
Published: July 2024

Kondisi kegawatdaruratan pada anak yang paling sering terjadi adalah kejadian kejang demam. Penyebab tersering kesalahan dalam penanganan anak kejang demam adalah kurangnya pengetahuan orangtua tentang penanganan kejang demam di rumah. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan serta sikap orangtua terutama ibu ialah dengan memberikan Pendidikan Kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektifitas pendidikan kesehatan dengan media video animasi dan flip chart terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu dalam penanganan kejang demam. Desain penelitian yang digunakan Quasi eksperimen dengan Pretest Posttest Nonequivalent Control Group Design dan pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan sikap pada pre- test dan post-test. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ibu balita sebanyak 60 orang yang di bagi ke dalam 2 kelompok. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Wilcoxon   didapatkan hasil bahwa Pendidikan Kesehatan menggunakan video animasi efektif terhadap pengetahuan ibu balita dengan nilai p value 0.000 serta nilai N-gain sebesar 66.8% serta efektif terhadap sikap ibu dalam penanganan kejang demam dengan nilai p value 0.000 dan nilai N-gain sebesar 68.3 %. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pendidikan Kesehatan menggunakan video animasi lebih  efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu dalam penanganan kejang demam. Sehingga, pemberian edukasi menggunakan media video animasi harus lebih sering dilakukan pada topik pendiidkan kesehatan yang lainnya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan serta sikap positif dalam menangani permasalahan kesehatan.
BPJS Patient Satisfaction Reviewed Based on Nurses’ Caring
Authors: Yustina  , Lontaan Youla Agnes , Suparlan Monica Sri Rejeki
Published: July 2024

Perilaku caring perawat dapat mempengaruhi kepuasan pasien. Perawat yang mempunyai kepedulian dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan, memberikan rasa puas bagi pasien.  Pelayanan keperawatan pada rumah sakit menjadi posisi kunci dalam pelayanan karena dari segi jumlah, perawat merupakan tenaga kerja yang terbanyak yang menyediakan pelayanan 24 jam penuh tanpa henti. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan pelayanan yang prima dari seluruh perawat di semua ruangan untuk terciptanya rasa puas dari pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan caring perawat dengan kepuasan pasien BPJS di Rumah Sakit Umum Gunung Maria Tomohon. Populasi dalam penelitian yakni pasien BPJS sebanyak 923 pasien BPJS. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode non probability sampling dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan sampel 100 responden, menggunakan rumus Slovin. Kriteria inklusi yakni seluruh pasien BPJS yang dirawat di ruang rawat inap yang telah dirawat setelah 3 hari atau lebih dan bersedia menjadi responden. Kriteria eksklusi yakni pasien umum dan pasien rawat jalan. Berdasarkan hasil uji statistic chi square diperoleh nila p = 0.001 (a<0,05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan yg signifikan antara caring perawat dengan kepuasan pasien BPJS di Rumah Sakit Gunung Maria Tomohon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, maka hipotesis nol (Ho) ditolak, sedangkan hipotesis alternativ (Ha) diterima. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan signifikansi hubungan antara caring perawat dengan kepuasan pasien BPJS di Rumah Sakit Umum Gunung Maria Tomohon. Temuan dari hasil penelitian ini yakni jika caring perawat baik maka pasien akan merasa puas, demikian juga sebaliknya.
Evaluation Method for Renewable Energy Utilization Based on Distribution Network Demand Response Considering Uncertainty of Multiple User Behaviors
Authors: Tengxin Wang
Published: July 2024

Demand response (DR) is recognized as an efficient method for reducing operational uncertainties and promoting the efficient incorporation of renewable energy sources. However, since the effectiveness of DR is greatly influenced by consumer behavior, it is crucial to determine the degree to which DR programs can offer adaptable capability and facilitate the use of renewable energy resources. In order to tackle this, this paper proposes a methodological framework for describing DR uncertainty modeling. First, the demand-side activities in DR are divided into some modules such as load usage, contract selection, and actual performance, to analyze the effects of physical and human factors on multiple time scales. On this basis, a variety of data-driven methods such as regret matching mechanism is introduced to determine the analysis model of the influence of various factors on DR applicability. Finally, by using an authentic 10 kV regional distribution network located in Beijing, a multi-attribute evaluation framework is proposed, and the effects of DR Implementation on the economic and environmental benefits of the distribution systems are discussed.
Ambulatory Care: Turning Urgent and Emergency Care inside out
Authors: Rowland Rosalind ,   BSc BM MRCP DTMH MD Acute Internal Medicine Specialist Trainee, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust., Lasserson Daniel ,   MD MRCGP FRCP Edin Professor of Acute Ambulatory care, University of Warwick
Published: July 2024

Emergency departments are under year-round pressure, driven by high hospital bed occupancy and compounded by increasing attendances and admissions. In 2023, 1.5 million people waited 12 hours or more for a bed. Long waits are associated with increased mortality and there is a disproportionate impact on people living in more deprived areas. Addressing this problem begins with unity of purpose and vision, such that we all view emergency department performance as our responsibility, whatever our place in the healthcare system.
Emergency Department Treatment of Elevated Blood Pressure in the Headache Patient
Authors: Eberhardt Lauren ,   Corewell Health, Jankowski Michelle , Todd Brett ,   Oakland University William, Beaumont School of Medicine,   William Beaumont University, Hospital in Corewell Health
Published: July 2024

Headache accounts for 1 – 3% of emergency department (ED) visits globally and is associated with elevated blood pressure (BP). It is unclear if anti-hypertensive therapy provides benefits. This retrospective study assessed effects of anti-hypertensive therapy in ED headache patients on rescue analgesic need, hospital admissions, and length of stay (LOS). 1385 patients were included. 366 received anti-hypertensive therapy. The anti-hypertensive therapy cohort was older (p < 0.001) with increased odds of admission (p < 0.001) and 2.385 hrs longer ED LOS (p < 0.001). No difference in rescue analgesia was found (p < 0.429). Anti-hypertensive therapy in hypertensive ED headache patients is associated with increased hospital admission and ED LOS, but no difference in rescue analgesia utilization.
Implementation of a low-cost single-family sewage treatment system utilizing end-of-life tires: a sustainable approach
Authors: Freitas Pablo Virgolino , Sá João Henrique Macedo , Sousa Tales Abreu Tavares de , Castro Maycon Magalhães , Padilha Jessé Luís , Pinheiro Artur Gonçalves , Sales e Souza Davi Edson
Published: July 2024

O saneamento básico é crucial para uma vida saudável e sustentável, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento, onde o esgotamento sanitário e o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos, como os pneus inservíveis, são desafios. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia de pesquisa de natureza aplicada, com a implantação inovadora e de baixo custo, de um sistema individual de tratamento de esgoto sanitário residencial que utiliza pneus inservíveis (TIRE-ATS) em substituição às paredes de alvenaria. O estudo foi dividido em quatro fases: (I) levantamento de dados locais e seleção de uma residência-piloto; (II) concepção e dimensionamento do sistema; (III) implantação do sistema; e (IV) análise das vantagens financeira e ambiental. O município estudado apresenta sérias deficiências em relação aos pneus inservíveis, como a não aplicação da logística reversa, a queima desses resíduos em área de lixões, e a inexistência de esgotamento sanitário. O sistema provou ser eficaz, demandando 18 pneus inservíveis em sua construção, o que retiraria 64.782 pneus do meio ambiente para o beneficiamento de um bairro, fomentando a economia verde, com unidades seguras, de alta durabilidade e estanque. A vantagem financeira do TIRE-ATS em relação ao sistema de alvenaria foi de 18%, bastante atraente para a população local que, em sua maioria, é carente. A sustentabilidade do reaproveitamento de pneus representa uma vantagem ambiental notável, avançando em direção aos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Organização das Nações Unidas.
Uniknya memahami tasawuf dan ajarannya
Authors: Asmaul Husna  , Mahbuby Achmad , Muhammad Rahmatullah
Published: July 2024

ABSTRAK
llmu tasawuf merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari tentang tata cara membersihkan hati dari kesombongan, ria’, iri, dengki dan lain sebagainya. Dengan cara mengisinya dengan sifat sifat terpuji melalui maqam maqam yang sudah ditentukan, begitu juga dalam riyadhah dan mujhahadahnya, dengan tujuan mendekatkan diri kepada Allah swt agar bisa merasakan kehadiran tuhan dalam dirinya, dan bisa menjadikan sosok pribadi yang berbudi pekerti luhur dengan baik, bertatakrama dalam kesehariannya. Mempelajari ilmu tasawuf bukanlah hal yang sesat, karena banyak orang mengira bahwa mempelajari ilmu tasawuf itu sesat, melainkan mempelajari ilmu tersebut juga meneladani kehidupan Rasulullah saw yang sederhana. Disini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang mana juga memperbanyak refrensi dari berbagai jurnal yang terbit, yang mana dengan menggunakan metode ini bisa menyimpulkan sejarah, perkembangan dan maqam maqam yang ada dalam ilmu tasawuf, dalam menjalani sebagai seorang sufisme perlu menempuh beberapa maqamat antara lain: taubat, zuhud, wara’, khauf, raja’ dan lain sebagainya. Untuk orang yang bersungguh sungguh dalam mengamalkan ilmu tasawuf, maka tidak di ragukan lagi bahwasanya orang tersebut hanya bergantung kepada Allah swt, dan tidak akan lagi prasangka buruk kepada sang pencipta, karena kuatnya iman, ketaqwaannya menghasilkan dirinya merasa dekat dengan Allah swt dan merasa betul bahwa ia sedang dalam pengawasan sang pencipta.