bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Tricyclic Cephems as Inhibitors of Human Leukocyte Elastase. Furo(3,4‐ c)cepham Sulfones.
Authors: ALPEGIANI M. , BISSOLINO P. , CORIGLI R. , RIZZO V. , PERRONE E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: S‐(+)‐5‐(Phenylthio)‐2‐pentanol and S‐(+)‐4‐(Phenylthio)‐2‐butanol: Readily Prepared, Useful Additions to the Chirality Pool. Highly Enantioselective Syntheses of Naturally Occurring Spiroketal Pheromones.
Authors: LIU H. , COHEN T.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Histamine H3‐Receptor Agonist Activity of Mono‐ and Dialkyl‐Substituted Histamine Derivatives.
Authors: LIPP R. , STARK H. , ARRANG J. M. , GARBARG M. , SCHWARTZ J. C. , SCHUNACK W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Phytosiderophores
Authors: SHIOIRI T. , HAMADA Y. , MATSUURA F.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Tributyltin(IV) Hydride Mediated Free‐Radical Syntheses of Dehydrodibenzochromanones, Dehydrodibenzocoumaranones and Aristolactams.
Authors: ESTEVEZ J. C. , VILLAVERDE M. C. , ESTEVEZ R. J. , CASTEDO L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Pyrenolide B.
Authors: MORICZ A. , GASSMANN E. , BIENZ S. , HESSE M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ionization of Chlorine Nitrate on Ice at 180 K.
Authors: SODEAU J. R. , HORN A. B. , BANHAM S. F. , KOCH T. G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Mixed Ion Effect in Solid Electrolytes
Authors: CHANDRA A. , CHANDRA S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intercalation Chemistry of Selected Layered Oxides and Phosphates
Authors: CLEARFIELD A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Aspects of Porphyrin and Metalloporphyrin Chemistry
Authors: WIJESEKERA T. P. , DOLPHIN D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis Mediated by Cyclic Sulfides
Authors: VEDEJS E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organometallic Chemistry in Industrial Vitamin A and Vitamin E Synthesis
Authors: MERCIER C. , CHABARDES P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Formation and Reactivity of Acyl Glucuronides: The Influence of Chirality
Authors: HAYBALL P. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic Heterocycles as Intermediates in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: SHIPMAN M.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidative Organic Transformations Catalyzed by Titanium Silicate Molecular Sieves
Authors: KUMAR P. , KUMAR R. , PANDEY B.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Cyclodextrins in Organic Syntheses
Authors: MAHESWARAN M. M. , DIVAKAR S.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Expanded Porphyrins. Receptors for Cationic, Anionic, and Neutral Substrates
Authors: SESSLER J. L. , BURRELL A. K. , FURUTA H. , HEMMI G. W. , IVERSON B. L. , KRAL V. , MAGDA D. J. , MODY T. D. , SHREDER K. , ET AL. ET AL.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rational Synthesis and Manipulation of Complex Polyol Units and Carbohydrates
Authors: CASIRAGHI G. , RASSU G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemistry of Disilanyl‐Substituted Arenes
Authors: ISHIKAWA M. , OHSHITA J. , SAKAMOTO H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Olefination Reactions of Dithioacetals
Authors: LUH T.‐Y.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Disulfide Calicheamicins and the Chemistry of the Allylic Trisulfide Group
Authors: MCGAHREN W. J. , DING W.‐D. , ELLESTAD G. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure Determination of the Esperamicins
Authors: GOLIK J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies of the Enediyne Antibiotics
Authors: HALCOMB R. L.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Partial Synthesis of Azasteroids
Authors: MORZYCKI J. W.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐Deoxyheptoses
Authors: PAKULSKI Z. , ZAMOJSKI A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Optically Active β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Amino Acids and of α,β‐Unsaturated γ‐Amino Acids. SN2‐ vs. SN2′‐Dichotomy of the Mitsunobu Amination of Allylic Alcohols
Authors: MULZER J. , FUNK G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Low Valent Titanium ‐ A Versatile Reagent for Deoxygenation and Carbonyl Coupling. Part 11
Authors: KOENIG B.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electron Correlation and Magnetism: A Perspective
Authors: MISHRA S. G.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Computer Modelling of Microporous Solids
Authors: BELL R. G. , JACKSON R. A. , CATLOW C. R. A.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Synthesis of Proteins
Authors: HILVERT D.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Applications of Enzymes in Synthetic Carbohydrate Chemistry
Authors: THIEM J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Regeneration of Sugar Nucleotide for Enzymic Oligosaccharide Synthesis
Authors: ICHIKAWA Y. , WANG R. , WONG C.‐H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorescent and Photoactivatable Sialic Acids
Authors: BROSSMER R. , GROSS H. J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Aspects of Proteoglycan Syntheses
Authors: TAMURA J.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Making Complex Carbohydrates via Enzymatic Routes
Authors: WANG P. G. , FITZ W. , WONG C.‐H.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Investigating Furanose Ring Dynamics in Oligodeoxyribonucleotides with Solid State 2H NMR
Authors: MATTIELLO D. L. , DROBNY G. P.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Organic Stereochemistry and Conformational Analysis from Enantioselective Chromatography and Dynamic NMR Measurements
Authors: GASPARRINI F. , LUNAZZI L. , MISITI D. , VILLANI C.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Protein Hydration Viewed by High‐Resolution NMR Spectroscopy: Implications for Magnetic Resonance Image Contrast
Authors: OTTING G. , LIEPINSH E.
Published: August 2010

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
MLCK‐independent phosphorylation of MLC20 and its regulation by MAP kinase pathway in human bladder smooth muscle cells
Authors: Deng Maoxian , Ding Wei , Min Xuewen , Xia Ying
Published: August 2010

Myosins are a superfamily of actin‐based molecular motor proteins, which hydrolyze ATP and generate various forms of eukaryotic motility and muscle contraction. Myosin light chain 20 (MLC20) is small ring around the neck region of heavy chain of myosins. Phosphorylation of MLC20 is thought to play a key role in regulation of smooth muscle contraction. Calcium‐ and calmodulin‐dependent myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is considered the primary regulator of MLC20 phosphorylation. However, several observations in smooth muscle contraction cannot be explained by the mode of phosphorylation. By performing a series of experiments in vitro and in vivo, we report here MLCK‐independent MLC20 phosphorylation. Gene expression study reveals that expression of MLCK in smooth muscles is inconsistent with MLC20 phosphorylation at Ser19. None of inactivating calmodulin/MLCK, depriving of calcium and silencing MLCK expression by siRNA blocks effectively the phosphorylation of MLC20 at Ser19. In addition, by overexpressing active human MAP (mitogen‐activated protein)‐ERK kinase kinase‐1 (MEKK1) and blocking its downstream messengers, we have demonstrated a new regulatory system of MLC phosphorylation via MEKK1, which downregulates Ser19 phosphorylation of MLC20 through its downstream molecules, p38, JNK, and ERK in human bladder smooth muscle cells. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The yeast ubiquitin‐like domain protein Mdy2 is required for microtubule‐directed nuclear migration and localizes to cytoplasmic granules in response to heat stress
Authors: Cohnen André , Bielig Harald , Hollenberg Cornelis P. , Hu Zheng , Ramezani‐Rad Massoud
Published: August 2010

MDY2 encodes a ubiquitin‐like (UBL)‐domain protein necessary for efficient mating in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Unlike most UBL proteins, Mdy2 is apparently not subject to C‐terminal processing and is localized predominantly in the nucleus. Deletion of MDY2 is associated with a five‐ to seven‐fold reduction in mating efficiency, mainly due to defects in nuclear migration and karyogamy at the prezygotic stage. Here, we looked for two potential interacting partners of Mdy2, investigated the function of Mdy2 in nuclear movement, determined the increased heat sensitivity defects of mdy2Δ mutants, and inspected localization of Mdy2. Coprecipitation studies show that Mdy2 associates with α‐tubulin and with the microtubule (MT)‐associated dynactin subunit p150Glued/Nip100. nip100Δ mutants exhibit no defects in nuclear migration or in MT length or orientation during shmooing growth. Deletion of MDY2 display small nuclear migration phenotype during vegetative growth and seems to exacerbate the defects in mitotic nuclear migration seen in the nip100Δ strain. Deletion of MDY2 increased heat sensitivity of the cells and these strains accumulate mitotic nuclear migration defects and shortened MTs under these conditions. GFP‐Mdy2 proteins which are localized predominantly in the nucleus at permissive temperature are localized to cytoplasmic foci during heat shock. Colocalization studies revealed that heat stress‐induced enrichment of Mdy2 in cytoplasmic foci merged mainly with stress granules marker Pab1. During glucose deprivation a minority of Mdy2 foci overlapped with P‐bodies marker Dcp2, while most Mdy2 foci and Pab1 foci overlap. Accordingly, we propose that Mdy2 plays a critical role in the MT‐dependent processes of karyogamy and stress response. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subventricular zone neural progenitors from rapid brain autopsies of elderly subjects with and without neurodegenerative disease
Authors: Leonard Brian W. , Mastroeni Diego , Grover Andrew , Liu Qiang , Yang Kechun , Gao Ming , Wu Jie , Pootrakul David , van den Berge Simone A. , Hol Elly M. , Rogers Joseph
Published: August 2010

In mice and in young adult humans, the subventricular zone (SVZ) contains multipotent, dividing astrocytes, some of which, when cultured, produce neurospheres that differentiate into neurons and glia. It is unknown whether the SVZ of very old humans has this capacity. Here, we report that neural stem/progenitor cells can also be cultured from rapid autopsy samples of SVZ from elderly human subjects, including patients with age‐related neurologic disorders. Histological sections of SVZ from these cases showed a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)‐positive ribbon of astrocytes similar to the astrocyte ribbon in human periventricular white matter biopsies that is reported to be a rich source of neural progenitors. Cultures of the SVZ contained 1) neurospheres with a core of Musashi‐1‐, nestin‐, and nucleostemin‐immunopositive cells as well as more differentiated GFAP‐positive astrocytes; 2) SMI‐311‐, MAP2a/b‐, and β‐tubulin(III)‐positive neurons; and 3) galactocerebroside‐positive oligodendrocytes. Neurospheres continued to generate differentiated progeny for months after primary culturing, in some cases nearly 2 years postinitial plating. Patch clamp studies of differentiated SVZ cells expressing neuron‐specific antigens revealed voltage‐dependent, tetrodotoxin‐sensitive, inward Na+ currents and voltage‐dependent, delayed, slowly inactivating K+ currents, electrophysiologic characteristics of neurons. A subpopulation of these cells also exhibited responses consistent with the kinetics and pharmacology of the h‐current. However, although these cells displayed some aspects of neuronal function, they remained immature, insofar as they did not fire action potentials. These studies suggest that human neural progenitor activity may remain viable throughout much of the life span, even in the face of severe neurodegenerative disease. J. Comp. Neurol. 515:269–294, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Euler‐lagrange equation and regularity for flat minimizers of the Willmore functional
Authors: Hornung Peter
Published: August 2010

Let\input amssym $S\subset{\Bbb R}^2$be a bounded domain with boundary of classC∞, and letgij= δijdenote the flat metric on\input amssym ${\Bbb R}^2$. Letube a minimizer of the Willmore functional within a subclass (defined by prescribing boundary conditions on parts of ∂S) of allW2,2isometric immersions of the Riemannian manifold (S, g) into\input amssym ${\Bbb R}^3$. In this article we derive the Euler‐Lagrange equation and study the regularity properties for suchu. Our main regularity result is that minimizersuareC3away from a certain singular set Σ andC∞away from a larger singular set Σ ∪ Σ0. We obtain a geometric characterization of these singular sets, and we derive the scaling ofuand its derivatives near Σ0.

Our main motivation to study this problem comes from nonlinear elasticity: On isometric immersions, the Willmore functional agrees with Kirchhoff's energy functional for thin elastic plates. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Targeting the development of resveratrol as a chemopreventive agent
Authors: Li Nian‐Guang , Shi Zhi‐Hao , Tang Yu‐Ping , Yang Jian‐Ping , Wang Zhen‐Jiang , Song Shu‐Lin , Lu Tu‐Lin , Duan Jin‐Ao
Published: August 2010

Tumor development consists of several separate, but closely linked, stages: tumor initiation, promotion, and progression. This long and complex process provides opportunities for intervention both in preventing cancer initiation and in treating the neoplasm during its premalignant stages. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound found in many plant species, including grapes, peanuts, and various herbs, has recently been investigated intensely for its cancer chemopreventive property. The present work is an overview of the chemopreventive mechanisms of resveratrol in anti‐initiation, anti‐promotion, and anti‐progression. These, together with the low toxicity of resveratrol, suggest promise for novel chemopreventive agents. However, the low bioavailability and rapid clearance of resveratrol from the circulation require the design of new resveratrol‐like chemopreventive agents, the structural modifications and the structure–activity relationship of which are also discussed in this review. Drug Dev Res 71:335–350, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multi‐parameter detection of diabetes mellitus on multichannel poly(dimethylsiloxane) analytical chips coupled with nanoband microelectrode arrays
Authors: Chen Shao‐Peng , Wu Jian , Yu Xiao‐Dong , Xu Jing‐Juan , Chen Hong‐Yuan
Published: August 2010

This article demonstrates a novel method for multi‐parameter detection of diabetes mellitus. We propose an approach for fabrication of a 3‐D metal films array with gold and copper using electroless deposition technique on PDMS substrate. The obtained PDMS slices containing metal films are superimposed layer by layer as a sandwich structure to form 3‐D metal films array. The cross‐sections of the array could be used as nanoband array electrochemical detectors, which are further integrated with a multichannel microchip for simultaneously detecting multi‐parameter of diabetes mellitus, including glucose and metabonomics of diabetes containing aldehyde compounds (glyoxal and methylglyoxal) and short organic acids (lactate, urate and 2‐hydroxybutyrate). Under optimized separation and detection conditions, glucose, aldehyde compounds and short organic acids respond linearly in the concentration range of 10–2000, 1–500 and 5–600 μM, with the LODs of 4, 0.5 and 3 μM for glucose, aldehyde compounds and short organic acids, respectively. This system is successfully employed to detect these compounds in serums. This study reveals that the electrochemical array detectors with different materials integrated with multichannel microchip provide a flexible and inexpensive approach for routine, simultaneous and direct detection of some metabolites in metabonomics.
Synthesis of bis‐ and tris‐organophosphorus substituted amines and amino acids with PCH2N Fragments
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Petrosyan Valery S.
Published: August 2010

The aminomethylation of the derivatives of trivalent organophosphorus acids, containing PH and POSiMe3 fragments with various bis‐ and tris(alkoxymethyl)amines and bis(alkoxymethyl)amino acids, is proposed as a convenient method for the synthesis of new bis‐ and trisphosphorylated amines and amino acids as well as their derivatives with four and five coordinated phosphorus. Also the three‐components systems of phosphorous acid, paraformaldehyde, and amines are thoroughly investigated via the treatment of reaction mixtures with bis(trimethylsilyl)amine. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:430–440, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20616
Silica gel and polystyrene supported aluminum chloride as heterogeneous catalysts for the preparation of α‐aminophosphonates
Authors: Boroujeni Kaveh Parvanak , Shirazi Amir Nasrolahi
Published: August 2010

Silica gel supported aluminum chloride (SiO2‐AlCl3) and cross‐linked polystyrene‐supported aluminum chloride (PS‐AlCl3) are environment‐ friendly heterogeneous catalysts for the condensation of amines and aldehydes with diethyl phosphite to afford α‐aminophosphonates. These solid acid catalysts are stable (as bench top catalysts) and can be easily recovered and reused without appreciable change in their efficiency. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:418–422, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20629
The synthesis of new cyclic thioquinone derivatives
Authors: Ibis Cemil , Ozsoy‐Gunes Zeliha
Published: August 2010

New bis(thio)substituted, S‐,O‐substituted, and S‐,S‐substituted benzoquinone compounds were synthesized from the reaction of p‐chloranil (1) with S‐,O‐substituted thiols, dithiols, and monothiols. The 13C NMR spectra and the IR spectra of heterocyclic compounds 3, 4 and 7, 8 showed different behavior; that of 3, 7 showed a carbon signal and a >CO group band for the carbonyl group and that of 4, 8 showed two carbon signals and split bands for the carbonyl group. The structures of the novel compounds were characterized by microanalysis, FT‐IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and UV–vis spectroscopy. The crystal structure of 2,3,5,6‐tetrakis(4‐fluorobenzylthio)cyclohexa‐2,5‐diene‐1,4‐dione (15) was determined by the X‐ray diffraction method. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:446–452, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20634
CeCl3·7H2O‐catalyzed one‐pot Kabachnik–Fields reaction: A green protocol for three‐component synthesis of α‐aminophosphonates
Authors: Jafari Abbas Ali , Nazarpour Mahshid , Abdollahi‐Alibeik Mohammad
Published: August 2010

CeCl3·7H2O has been utilized as an efficient Lewis acid catalyst for the three‐component coupling of aldehydes, aromatic amines, and diethylphosphite to produce α‐aminophosphonates under solvent‐free conditions. The advantages of this protocol are high yield, mild reaction conditions, less environmental pollution, and simple work‐up procedure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:397–403, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20635
Synthesis of α‐oxo‐sulfines in the indole series
Authors: Bergman Jan , Romero Ivan
Published: August 2010

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Oxindole was found to react readily with thionyl chloride to give (in an excellent yield) the isolable sulfine (13a), which on heating (refluxing acetonitrile) gave isoindigo (15a). The dark violet 3‐sulfinato‐oxindole (13a) readily reacted with 2,3‐dimethylbutadiene to give a colorless cyclo‐adduct (14a). The sulfine also reacted readily with various nucleophilic reagents, thus, thioloacetic acid gave 3‐carboxymethylthiolo‐oxindole (23a). J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Regional and cellular distribution of mitochondrial ferritin in the mouse brain
Authors: Snyder Amanda M. , Neely Elizabeth B. , Levi Sonia , Arosio Paolo , Connor James R.
Published: August 2010

Iron and mitochondrial dysfunction are important in many neurodegenerative diseases. Several iron transport proteins have been identified that are associated with mitochondria, most recently mitochondrial ferritin. Here we describe the cellular distribution of mitochondrial ferritin in multiple regions of the brain in C57/BL6 mice. Mitochondrial ferritin was found in all regions of the brain, although staining intensity varied between regions. Mitochondrial ferritin was detected throughout the layers of cerebral cortex and in the cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum, choroid plexus, and ependymal cells. The cell type in the brain that stains most prominently for mitochondrial ferritin is neuronal, but oligodendrocytes also stain strongly in both gray matter and in white matter tracts. Mice deficient in H‐ferritin do not differ in the mitochondrial ferritin staining pattern or intensity compared with C57/BL6 mice, suggesting that there is no compensatory expression of these proteins. In addition, by using inbred mouse strains with differing levels of iron content, we have shown that regional brain iron content does not affect expression of mitochondria ferritin. The expression of mitochondria ferritin appears to be more influenced by mitochondrial density. Indeed, at an intracellular level, mitochondrial ferritin immunoreaction product is strongest where mitochondrial density is high, as seen in the ependymal cells. Given the importance and relationship between iron and mitochondrial activity, understanding the role of mitochondrial ferritin can be expected to contribute to our knowledge of mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Origin of quantal size variation and high‐frequency miniature postsynaptic currents at the Caenorhabditis elegans neuromuscular junction
Authors: Wang Zhao‐Wen
Published: August 2010

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of Caenorhabditis elegans has proved to be a very useful model synapse for investigating molecular mechanisms of synaptic transmission. Intriguingly, miniature postsynaptic currents (minis) at this synapse occur at an unusually high frequency (50–90 Hz in wild‐type worms) and show large variation in quantal size (from <10 pA to >200 pA). It is important to understand the cellular and molecular bases for these properties of minis in order to interpret electrophysiological data from this synapse properly. Existing data suggest that several factors may contribute to the high frequency and quantal size variation, including 1) the establishment of multiple NMJs with each body‐wall muscle cell, 2) diversity of postsynaptic receptors (two acetylcholine receptors and one GABA receptor), 3) association of one presynaptic site with several body‐wall muscle cells, 4) effects of Ca2+ at the presynaptic site, and 5) a possibly elevated (less negative) resting membrane potential in motoneurons. Neither the frequency nor the quantal size of minis is affected by electrical coupling of body‐wall muscle cells. Furthermore, quantal size variation is not due to synchronized multivesicular release. Analyses of the C. elegans NMJ may lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling the frequency and quantal size of minis of other synapses as well. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cerebral tissue repair and atrophy after embolic stroke in rat: A magnetic resonance imaging study of erythropoietin therapy
Authors: Ding Guangliang , Jiang Quan , Li Lian , Zhang Li , Wang Ying , Zhang Zheng Gang , Lu Mei , Panda Swayamprava , Li Qingjiang , Ewing James R. , Chopp Michael
Published: August 2010

Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols of T2‐, T2*‐, diffusion‐ and susceptibility‐weighted imaging (T2WI, T2*WI, DWI, and SWI, respectively) with a 7T system, we tested the hypothesis that treatment of embolic stroke with erythropoietin (EPO) initiated at 24 hr and administered daily for 7 days after stroke onset has benefit in repairing ischemic cerebral tissue. Adult Wistar rats were subjected to embolic stroke by means of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and were randomly assigned to a treatment (n = 11) or a control (n = 11) group. The treated group was given EPO intraperitoneally at a dose of 5,000 IU/kg daily for 7 days starting 24 hr after MCAO. Controls were given an equal volume of saline. MRI was performed at 24 hr and then weekly for 6 weeks. MRI and histological measurements were compared between groups. Serial T2WI demonstrated that expansion of the ipsilateral ventricle was significantly reduced in the EPO‐treated rats. The volume ratio of ipsilateral parenchymal tissue relative to the contralateral hemisphere was significantly increased after EPO treatment compared with control animals, indicating that EPO significantly reduces atrophy of the ipsilateral hemisphere, although no significant differences in ischemic lesion volume were observed between the two groups. Angiogenesis and white matter remodeling were significantly increased and occurred earlier in EPO‐treated animals than in the controls, as evident from T2*WI and diffusion anisotropy maps, respectively. These data indicate that EPO treatment initiated 24 hr poststroke promotes angiogenesis and axonal remodeling in the ischemic boundary, which may potentially reduce atrophy of the ipsilateral hemisphere. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Relationship between age, skeletal site, and time post‐ovariectomy on bone mineral and trabecular microarchitecture in rats
Authors: Francisco Joy I. , Yu Yan , Oliver Rema A. , Walsh William R.
Published: August 2010

The ovariectomized (OVX) rat is widely used in osteoporosis research, but no standard model exists. The individual effects of rat age, skeletal site, and time post‐ovariectomy (post‐OVX) on bone have been examined. However, the relationship between them is not yet fully explored. This study examined how various combinations of rat age, skeletal site, and time post‐OVX affect bone mineral and microarchitecture. The rats used were 12 (n = 28), 24 (n = 28), and 44 (n = 31) weeks old. In each age group, approximately half underwent OVX and other half underwent Sham surgeries. Bone mineral (content and density) and trabecular morphology was assessed at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 weeks post‐surgery. Sites examined included the proximal tibia, spine, distal femur, and proximal femur. Overall, the proximal tibia showed the earliest and greatest differences between OVX and Sham groups. The 24‐week‐old group showed the best osteoporotic response. The 12‐week‐old group showed growth effects, whilst the 44‐week‐old group showed aging effects. The response of certain sites to OVX was also found to depend on the rat age used. These findings may aid in explaining discrepancies reported in the literature as well as synergistic combinations that may signify advanced conditions. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:189–196, 2011
Atypical expression and distribution of embryonic stem cell marker, OCT4, in human lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Karoubi Golnaz , Cortes‐Dericks Lourdes , Gugger Mathias , Galetta Domenico , Spaggiari Lorenzo , Schmid Ralph A.
Published: August 2010

Background and Objectives

Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer‐related deaths in the world. Although the origin still remains to be resolved, a prevailing hypothesis implies the involvement of cancer stem cells (CSCs) responsible for tumor initiation, maintenance, and progression. Embryonic stem cell marker, OCT4, encoding the spliced variants OCT4A and OCT4B, has recently been shown to have a dual role; as a potential adult stem cell marker and as a CSC marker in germline and somatic tumors.

Methods

We investigated the expression and intracellular distribution of OCT4A and OCT4B using flow cytometry, Western blot and quantitative RT‐PCR analyses in normal and lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, primary cultures and tissue biopsies.

Results

We demonstrate for the presence of rare OCT4A+ and OCT4B+ cells in normal lung. Notably, we observed higher levels of expression and atypical cytoplasmic distribution of OCT4A and not OCT4B, in the malignant setting, strongly indicating an oncogenic role in lung adenocarcinoma.

Conclusions

We postulate that OCT4A+ cells are involved in the oncogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Identification of these cells and the biological processes vital for their subsistence, will guide the development of diagnostic and therapeutic clinical approaches with the goal of eliminating lung adenocarcinoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:689–698. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activated carbon nanoparticles or methylene blue as tracer during video‐assisted thoracic surgery for lung cancer can help pathologist find the detected lymph nodes
Authors: HE Jianxing , Li Shuben , Shao Wenlong , Wang Daoyuan , Chen Manyin , Yin Weiqiang , Wang Wei , Gu Yingying , Zhong Baoliang
Published: August 2010

Background

To assess whether using methylene blue (MB) or activated carbon nanoparticles as tracer can increase the detected number of lymph nodes in the systematic nodal dissected tissue during Video‐Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS) for non‐small cell lung cancer.

Methods

Three groups of 20 patients each were obtained from randomization of 60 patients with NSCLC requiring VATS with systematic nodal dissection (SND) from February 2007 and December 2008, there were 17, 16, and 17 patients in group A (injection activated carbon nanoparticles), group B (injection MB), and group C (controls), respectively.

Results

There was difference of the total number of dissected lymph nodes per patient among three groups (P < 0.001). The total number of dissected LNs and mediastinal nodes per patient in group A and group B was more than in group C (P < 0.001). There were 20, 18, and 14 metastatic LNs dissected in 6, 6, and 7 patients of group A, B, and C, respectively. There was difference of total number of dissected metastatic LNs per patient among three groups (P = 0.002).

Conclusions

MB can be as effective as activated carbon nanoparticles being tracer to increase the detected number of LNs in the systematic nodal dissected tissue during VATS for NSCLC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:676–682. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Temperature‐dependent rate coefficients and mechanism for the gas‐phase reaction of chlorine atoms with acetone
Authors: Romanias Manolis N. , Stefanopoulos Vassileios G. , Papanastasiou Dimitrios K. , Papadimitriou Vassileios C. , Papagiannakopoulos Panos
Published: August 2010

The rate coefficient for the gas‐phase reaction of chlorine atoms with acetone was determined as a function of temperature (273–363 K) and pressure (0.002–700 Torr) using complementary absolute and relative rate methods. Absolute rate measurements were performed at the low‐pressure regime (∼2 mTorr), employing the very low pressure reactor coupled with quadrupole mass spectrometry (VLPR/QMS) technique. The absolute rate coefficient was given by the Arrhenius expression k(T) = (1.68 ± 0.27) × 10−11 exp[−(608 ± 16)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1 and k(298 K) = (2.17 ± 0.19) × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The quoted uncertainties are the 2σ (95% level of confidence), including estimated systematic uncertainties. The hydrogen abstraction pathway leading to HCl was the predominant pathway, whereas the reaction channel of acetyl chloride formation (CH3C(O)Cl) was determined to be less than 0.1%. In addition, relative rate measurements were performed by employing a static thermostated photochemical reactor coupled with FTIR spectroscopy (TPCR/FTIR) technique. The reactions of Cl atoms with CHF2CH2OH (3) and ClCH2CH2Cl (4) were used as reference reactions with k3(T) = (2.61 ± 0.49) × 10−11 exp[−(662 ± 60)/T] and k4(T) = (4.93 ± 0.96) × 10−11 exp[−(1087 ± 68)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1, respectively. The relative rate coefficients were independent of pressure over the range 30–700 Torr, and the temperature dependence was given by the expression k(T) = (3.43 ± 0.75) × 10−11 exp[−(830 ± 68)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1 and k(298 K) = (2.18 ± 0.03) × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The quoted errors limits (2σ) are at the 95% level of confidence and do not include systematic uncertainties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 724–734, 2010
Hallervorden‐Spatz disease: Historical case presentation in the spotlight of nosological evolution
Authors: Craenenbroeck Amaryllis Van , Gebruers Marilien , Martin Jean‐Jacques , Cras Patrick
Published: August 2010

Baron Dr. Ludo van Bogaert (1897–1989) authored more than 700 publications, gave countless lectures at Belgian and foreign universities and at international congresses, and trained more than 300 specialists from all over the world in the Bunge Institute. He filmed many of his patients suffering from movement disorders. Hallervorden‐Spatz disease (HSD) was first described in 1922. The recognition of this well‐defined syndrome was followed by several case reports published and in 1936, a new case was reported by Ludo van Bogaert and Clovis Vincent. To the best of our knowledge, this case report can be considered as the first filmed case of HSD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Use of complementary and alternative therapies in outpatients with Parkinson's disease in Argentina
Authors: Pecci Cristina , Rivas Maria J. , Moretti Carolina M. , Raina Gabriela , Ramirez Carlos Zúñiga , Díaz Sergio , Uribe Roca Claudia , Micheli Federico E.
Published: August 2010

We interviewed 300 patients (54.7% male; mean age was 65.8 ± 9.5) attending the Movement Disorders Clinic at the Buenos Aires University Hospital to determine the prevalence of CATs use and their association with demographic, social, or disease‐specific characteristics among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. We found that 25.7% of the PD patients interviewed (77/300) stated they had used CATs to improve their PD symptoms whereas 38.0% (114/300) had used some CATs without any relation to PD, at least once in life. At the moment of the interview, CATs prevalence use was 50.6% in the former group and 25.0% in the latter. The use of CATs was much more frequent among women and more common in the 50‐ to 69‐year age group. Friends and neighbors of the patients had most frequently recommended these therapies. No major association was observed between CATs use and the duration of the disease, side of initial involvement, PD phenotype, or the Hoehn and Yahr staging. Acupuncture, homeopathy, yoga, and therapeutic massage were the most widely used therapies. After the initiation of conventional treatment the use of massage, yoga, and acupuncture in patients using CATs to improve PD significantly increased. Neurologists should be aware and inquire about the use of CATs to rule out potentially harmful effects. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Alcohol in essential tremor and other movement disorders
Authors: Mostile Giovanni , Jankovic, Joseph
Published: August 2010

Many patients with essential tremor (ET) report transient improvement of symptoms after drinking alcohol. However, the brief duration of action, subsequent rebound, and the risk of developing alcohol addiction make the use of alcohol as a treatment for ET inappropriate. Whether excessive alcohol consumption is a risk for or a consequence of ET has been a subject of some controversy. In this review, we critically examine the mechanism of action of alcohol and its role in ET and other movement disorders. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society