bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Publishing Educational and Educational-Methodical Literature in Siberia at the End of the 18th – 19th Centuries
Authors: Erlikh V. A.
Published: January 2024

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The purpose of the article is to form an idea of publishing educational and educational-methodical literature on disciplines taught in various educational institutions of Siberia at the end of the 18th– 19th centuries. Statistical information on publishing literature by year in the cities of the West Siberian and East Siberian educational districts is provided, the variety of topics of published works, the structure and content of a number of publications based on data from the volume 1 of the “Unified Catalog of Siberian and Far Eastern Books”. 1790–1917." (Novosibirsk, 2004) demonstrated. This article is the first attempt to present generalized data on statistics and topics of educational and educational-methodical publications issued inprinting houses of Siberia and the Far East at the end of the 18th–19th centuries. Such literature mostly prevailed in publishing in the West Siberian educational district, than in the East Siberian one. The bulk of publications were programs, reports of educational institutions and societies, charters, instructions, protocols, rules, regulations, works on the history of educational institutions, other works.

The leaders in publishing such literature were Tomsk, Irkutsk, Tobolsk, with the largest number of printing houses involved.
Academician B. V. Voitsekhovsky’s Book Collection
Authors: Mudrova N. A.
Published: January 2024

The study of personal libraries (book collections) is timely due to the implementation of the state policy to expose library collections and study regional book (documentary) heritage. One can note an increasing interest of book historians, specialists in the field of library and book study activities in private book collections of famous people, outstanding cultural and scientific figures, as well as personal libraries of scientists.

A holistic look at the book collections of scientists through the prism of the scientist’s book environment complements and enriches the idea of the researcher’s creative laboratory, and provides additional material on the history of science and book culture. The scientist’s personal library acquires a memorial status and contributes to preservation of his memory.

The article is dedicated to the memory of Bogdan Vyacheslavovich Voitsekhovsky, a famous scientist, who made a great contribution into the national science and economy, the main years of whose life were associated with the Siberian Branch (SB) of the USSR Academy of Sciences – SB RAS and Novosibirsk Academgorodok. The purpose

of this article is to characterize the personal library of Academician B. V. Voitsekhovsky stored in the Central Scientific Library of UrB RAS. The work reveals the composition of the library, characterizes the owner’s records and inscripts; determines the status of the researcher’s book collection as a personal (memorial) library, reflecting the main directions of the scholar’s scientific and inventive activities. This will permit to add to the data on the history of Russian science, with the aim of popularization of historical and cultural heritage.
Citation Culture in the Scientific Text and Verification of Borrowings
Authors: Ivanova E. N. , Sus I. V.
Published: January 2024

The scientific library historically serves the purposes of education, assists scientific research and integration of information into the body of knowledge. Without the qualitative maintenance of these auxiliary processes, the development of science is impossible. The library retains the status of a keeper of verified and systematized knowledge. In modern conditions, the process of searching and integrating information is simple and accessible. However, freedom and simplicity of obtaining facts and using various tools to compile integral language constructions entails a number of negative effects, including illegal borrowing, falsification and irresponsible use of text generation systems for scientific publications. The purpose of the article is to analyze the problems of citation culture changes caused, among other things, by the emergence of new technologies for artificial text generation.  The main provisions of the article are based on the observation and experience of examining scientific manuscripts in order to detect illegal borrowings accumulated by a group of specialists in the Russian State Library over the past decade. This activity is not limited solely by the instrumental detection of plagiarism, but it is also focused on comparison of various citation practices in scientific papers. The problems of citation analysis, the influence of citation culture on the process of research verification are considered. Special attention is paid to the tools for artificial text generation that are actively included in the practice of writing academic texts.
Detection of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Wild Birds in Slovakia
Authors: Minichová Lenka , Slobodník Vladimír , Slobodník Roman , Olekšák Milan , Hamšíková Zuzana , Skultety Ludovit , Špitalská Eva
Published: January 2024

Haemosporidians are a group of vector-borne parasites belonging to the order Haemosporida. They infect avian hosts and require blood-sucking insects (Diptera) for their transmission. The occurrence and diversity of haemosporidian parasites are shaped primarily by the specificity of the parasite and the susceptibility of the host/vector. In this study, the presence and distribution of haemosporidians in blood samples from birds in urbanized and natural habitats were estimated using microscopic and molecular approaches. Birds in urbanized habitats were infected with four different species of Plasmodium: Plasmodium relictum, P. vaughani, P. matutinum, P. circumflexum, two different species of Haemoproteus: Haemoproteus majoris, H. parabelopolskyi, and Leucocytozoon sp. The species, H. attenuatus, H. concavocentralis, H. minutus, H. pallidus, H. noctue and H. tartakovskyi were additionally identified in birds in natural habitats. Typically, juvenile birds are essential markers of parasite species transmitted in the study area. The juveniles in the urbanized habitats carried the P. relictum, P. vaughani, P. circumflexum, H. parabelopolskyi, H. majoris, and Leucocytozoon species. The most abundant parasite was H. parabelopolskyi, which was found in both types of habitats. The prevalence of the Haemoproteus/Plasmodium species by nested PCR in birds in natural habitats (in totally 43.80%; 53/121) was significantly higher than that in birds in urbanized habitats (in totally 21.94%; 43/196) (p < 0.05), even in spring. There was no statistically significant difference between habitat types in overall infection rate of Leucocytozoon sp. (p > 0.05; 10/121 vs. 19/196), neither overall nor in the spring.
Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer β-1,3- Glucanoligosaccharide (Ps-GOS) suppresses RANKLInduced Osteoclast Differentiation and Function in Pre-Osteoclastic RAW 264.7 Cells by Inhibiting the RANK/NFκB/cFOS/NFATc1 Signalling Pathway
Authors: Rattajak Purithat , Aroonkesorn Aratee , Smythe Carl , Wititsuwannakul Rapepun , Pitakpornpreecha Thanawat
Published: January 2024

Edible grey oyster mushroom, Pleurotus sajor-caju, β (1,3), (1,6) glucan possesses a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammation, anti- microorganisms, and antioxidant. However, its biological activity is limited by their low water solubility resulting from the high molecular weight. Our previous study demonstrated that enzymatic hydrolysis of grey oyster mushroom β-glucan using Hevea β-1,3-glucanase isozymes obtains a lower molecular weight and higher water solubility, Pleurotus sajor-caju glucanoligosaccharide (Ps-GOS). Additionally, Ps-GOS potentially reduces osteoporosis by enhancing osteoblast-bone formation, whereas its effect on osteoclast-bone resorption remains unknown. Therefore, our study investigated the modulatory activities and underlying mechanism of Ps-GOS on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in pre-osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells. Cell cytotoxicity of Ps-GOS on RAW 264.7 cells was determined by the MTT assay and its effect on osteoclast differentiation was determined by TRAP staining. Additionally, its effect on osteoclast bone-resorptive ability was detected by the pit formation assay. The osteoclastogenic-related factors were assessed by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence. The results revealed that Ps-GOS was non-toxic and significantly suppressed the formation of mature osteoclast multinucleated cells and their resorption activity by reducing the number of TRAP-positive cells and pit formation areas in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, Ps-GOS attenuated the NFB-P65 expression and its subsequent master osteoclast modulators including NFATc1 and cFOS via the NF-B pathway. Furthermore, Ps-GOS markedly inhibited RANK expression, which serves as an initial transmitter of many osteoclastogenesis-related cascades, and inhibited proteolytic enzymes, including TRAP, MMP-9, and CTK. These findings indicate that Ps-GOS could potentially be beneficial as an effective natural agent for bone metabolic disease.
A Review on FDA Approved Anti-HIV-1 Drugs, Anti-Gag Compounds and Potential Strategies for HIV-1 Eradication
Authors: Sever Belgin , Otsuka Masami , Fujita Mikako , Ciftci Halilibrahim
Published: January 2024

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an enormous global health threat stemming from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Up to now, the tremendous advances in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) have shifted HIV-1 infection from a fatal illness into a manageable chronic disorder. However, the presence of latent reservoirs, multifaceted nature of HIV-1, drug resistance, severe off-target effects, poor adherence, and high cost restrict the efficacy of current cART targeting the distinct stages of the virus life cycle. Therefore, there is an unmet need for discovery of new therapeutics that not only bypass the limitations of the current therapy but also protect the body health at the same time. The main goal for complete HIV-1 eradication is purging latently infected cells from the patients’ bodies. A potential strategy called “lock-in apoptosis” targeting the budding phase of life cycle of virus leading to susceptibility to apoptosis of HIV-1 infected cells for elimination of HIV-1 reservoirs and ultimately for a complete eradication. The current work intends to present the main advantages and disadvantages of United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved anti-HIV-1 drugs as well as plausible strategies for the design and development of more anti-HIV-1 compounds with better potency, favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and improved safety issues.
Radon as Environment Diagnostic Tool and Global Electric Circuit Component
Authors: Pulinets Sergey , Mironova Irina , Miklyaev Petr , Petrova Tatiana , Shitov Alexander , Karagodin Arseniy
Published: January 2024

Abstract: Recent years demonstrate the increased attention to radon from two scientific directions. After neglecting radon as earthquake precursors in 1990-th it becomes again the subject of earthquake-forecast papers discussions due to growing networks of the radon monitoring in different countries, especially, the technologies of real-time radon measurements where the gamma-spectrometers become the leader of interest as the sources of 222Rn identification. The second fast developing direction is including the radon in the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling (LAIC) models as a source of the boundary layer ionization. And here we encounter with second direction which is not connected with the earthquake forecast problems. It is the role of air ionization by radon as a source of the Global Electric Circuit (GEC) modification. In this publication we try to unite all these problems to present more complex view on radon as important element of our environment.
Enhancing Transformer Core Fault Diagnosis and Classification through Hilbert Transform Analysis of Electric Current Signals
Authors: Domingo Daryl , Kareem Akeem Bayo , Okwuosa Chibuzo Nwabufo , Custodio Paul Michael , Hur Jang-Wook
Published: January 2024

To enhance the overall reliability of the power system, engineers have redirected their focus toward health monitoring and early detection of faults in transformers. Among these faults, transformer core defects demand particular attention. While fault simulation using software has traditionally been the preferred approach, these methods suffer from data inaccuracies in real-world conditions. Consequently, conducting actual experimental setups with induced faults is imperative to investigate core issues. This study uses Hilbert Transform (HT) as a signal processing technique to extract crucial data characteristics, thereby enhancing the performance of the classifier model. The research involves analyzing electric current signals from a single-phase 1kVA transformer. A comparative assessment of our proposed model was conducted using raw data and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), evaluating accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and computational time. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in all metrics for the classifier models, particularly the k-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm, which exhibited values of 83.89%, 84.39%, 83.89%, 83.79%, and 0.0156 seconds, respectively. Future work aims to extend this analysis under different loading conditions.
Recovered Tire-Derived Aggregates for Thermally Insulating Lightweight Mortars
Authors: GHORBEL Elhem , Omary Safiullah , Karrech Ali
Published: January 2024

In this study, seven mortar mixes were prepared by replacing natural sand by crumb rubber ,CR, (10%, 25%, 50%, 60%, 75% and 100%). The properties of mortars, both in their fresh and hardened states, were studied. Key characterisitcs, including density, water absorption coefficient, porosity, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, shrinkage/swelling, elastic modulus, compressive strength, flexure strength, fracture energy and performance after exposure to heat, were evaluated. The results obtained showed that as the CR fraction increased, density, initial setting time, and workability decreased but mortars with CR fractions ranged between 25% and 50% are lightweight and can be used for repairing as they fulfill satndards. It was observed that strengths and stiffness decreased with higher CR content while shrinkage increased for CR percentage higher than 60%. However, up to 50% of CR content the mortars obey to the standards for repair. Interestingly, incorporating up to 50% waste tires proved to improve comfort and thermal resistance without affecting thermal inertia. A slight increase in the mass loss is observed when mortars are exposed to high temperatures. Mortars containing CR between 25% and 50% can be classified as lightweight and thermally insulating mortars, suitable for repairing concrete structures in accordance with industry standards.
Effect of Cross Nano Wall Surface on the Onset Time of Explosive Boiling: A Molecular Dynamic Study
Authors: Fallahzadeh Rasoul , Bozzoli Fabio , Cattani Luca , Azam Muhammad Waheed
Published: January 2024

Explosive boiling is a fast phase transition from an ultra-thin liquid film to vapor under an extremely high heat flux, which typically has been studied using molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) method. The present MDS study investigated the explosive boiling of a liquid argon nanofilm over different solid copper surfaces with different nanowall patterns including parallel and cross nanowalls. For each surface, atomic motion trajectories, number of liquid and vapor argon atoms, heat flux, and, mainly, onset time of explosive boiling were investigated. The simulation results indicated that explosive boiling occurs earlier on parallel and cross nanowall surfaces than on an ideally smooth surface, regardless of the topology and configuration of nanowalls. Moreover, the results revealed that by using the cross nanowall surfaces, the onset time of explosive boiling decreased by 0.7–4% compared to the parallel nanowall surfaces. In addition, it was found that the onset time of explosive boiling strongly depends on the potential energy barrier and the movement space between nanowalls for both parallel and cross nanowall surfaces. Furthermore, simulation findings showed that even though increasing the height of cross nanowalls increases heat flux and temperature of the fluid argon domain, it does not necessarily result in a shorter onset time of explosive boiling. These findings demonstrate the capability of cross nanowall surfaces for explosive boiling, thereby could be utilized in future surface design for thermal management applications.
Cannabigerol Induces Autophagic-Cell Death by Inhibiting EGFR-RAS-Pathways in Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: Zeppa Laura , Aguzzi Cristina , Morelli Maria Beatrice , Marinelli Oliviero , Giangrossi Martina , Luongo Margherita , Amantini Consuelo , Santoni Giorgio , Nabissi Massimo
Published: January 2024

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most frequent infiltrating type of pancreatic cancer. The poor prognosis is due to the absence of specific biomarkers, aggressiveness and treatment resistance. PDAC is a deadly malignancy bearing distinct genetic alterations, the most common being those that cause cancer-causing versions of the KRAS gene. Cannabigerol (CBG) is a non-psychomimetic cannabinoid with anti-inflammatory property. Regarding CBG anticancer ef-fect, up to now there are only few evidence in human cancers. We investigated CBG effects on PDAC cell lines, PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2. It was investigated CBG activity on cell viability, cell death and its effect of EGFR-RAS-associated signalling. Moreover, the potential synergistic effect of CBG in combination with gemcitabine (GEM) and paclitaxel (PTX) was investigated. MTT was applied to investigate CBG effect on PDAC cell lines viability. Annexin-V and Acridine Orange staining followed by cytofluorimetric analysis and Western blot were used to evaluate CBG effect on cell death. Modulation of EGFR-RAS-associated pathways was determined by Western Blot analysis and Milliplex multiplex assay. Moreover, by MTT data and Synergy finder software analysis the effect of the combination of CBG and chemotherapeutic drugs, was determined.
Susceptibility Patterns in Staphylococcus and Klebsiella Causing Nosocomial Infections upon Treatment with E-Anethole-Rich Essential oil from Clausena anisate
Authors: Nguimatsia François , Momo Evariste Josué , Keilah Lunga Paul , Lum Tamanji Virginia , Pone Kamdem Boniface , Jazet Dongmo Pierre Michel
Published: January 2024

High rates of resistance to antibiotics are associated with healthcare-related infections, thus appealing for the urgent need for effective antimicrobials against these maladies. The present study aims to determine the chemical composition of essential oil (EO) from Clausena anisata leaves, and evaluate their antibacterial activity against selected nosocomial bacteria. Fresh leaves of Clausena anisata were subjected to a steam distillation using a Clevenger apparatus to afford the essential oil. The phytochemical composition of this oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil was further tested against selected nosocomial bacteria, including Staphylococcus and Klebsiella species, among others, using a microdilution method. As a result, 0.77% of essential oil was extracted from fresh leaves of Clausena anisata. The GC-MS analysis revealed that the as-prepared essential oil contain E-anethole (70.77%), methyl isoeugenol (13.85%), estragole (4.10%), γ-terpinene (3.33%), myrcene (2.82%) and sabinene (0.77%), with E-anethole being the major constituent. Meanwhile, twenty two compounds were identified in the EO of Clausena anisata leaves through gas chromatography. Upon antibacterial test against selected nosocomial pathogens, the E-anethole-rich essential oil exhibited minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranging from 3.91 to 125 µg/mL and 7.81 to 125 µg/mL, respectively, indicative of a bactericidal orientation of the plant’s essential oil (MIC/MBC ratio: 4). This novel contribution highlights the scientific validation of the use of Clausena anisata leaves in the traditional treatment of various infectious diseases. However, toxicity and pharmacokinetic studies, mechanistic basis of the antibacterial action, and in vivo antibacterial experiments of the E-anethole-rich essential oil of Clausena anisata should be investigated to successfully use this plant in the treatment of infectious diseases.
Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma of Nasal Cavity showing Unusual Histologic Feature: A Case Report
Authors: Kim Kyungbin , Lee Suji , Kwon Soon Wook , Lee Yuri , Park Seoyoung , Lee Chang Hun , Kim Ahrong , Huh Gi Young , Cho Kyu-Sup , Choi Kyung Un
Published: January 2024

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm. It affects young adults more and occurs more frequently in the extremities. ASPS is exceedingly rare in the nasal cavity. We report a case of ASPS in the nasal cavity of a 17-year-old female. Its most striking features included organoid and pseudoalveolar arrangement of tumor cells, which were large and polygonal, with vesicular nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm rich in granules. There were PAS-positive, diastase-resistant crystalline rods within the cytoplasm. Our case displayed inapparent pseudoalveolar growth pattern and frank pleomorphism. The diagnosis of ASPS, which presents uncommon morphologic findings in unusual sites, is challenging. Recognition of ASPS is greatly assisted by attention to its characteristic cytological features, including intracytoplasmic crystals and immunohistochemistry showing absence of skeletal muscle, epithelial, and neuroendocrine markers.
Windows into Canine Leishmaniasis: From Veterinary Diagnosis to Promising In Vitro Models to Target Parasite-Secreted Lipid Bound Vesicles
Authors: Gabriel Áurea , Galvão Gilvando Rodrigues , Galué-Parra Adan , Casseb Lívia Medeiros Neves , Pereira Washington Luiz Assunção , Pedersen Ketil Winther , Aguiar Delia Cristina Figueira , Gonçalves Evonnildo Costa , Da Silva Edilene Oliveira
Published: January 2024

Leishmaniases are zoonotic vector-borne diseases caused by a wide variety of Leishmania species with complex transmission cycles involving different reservoirs, potential new hosts and vectors. Similarly, to other eukaryotes, Leishmania release extracellular vesicles (LEVs) to play important initial interactions that are crucial to modulate the subsequent systemic immune response on the establishment of infection in humans and others hosts like dogs. Recent studies in endemic areas of Brazil concluded that canine infections were predominantly due to L. amazonensis and not restricted to L. infantum (syn. Leishmania chagasi). Under these premises, the diagnosis of leishmaniasis needs to be improved with the identification of current etiological agent and the histopathologic features, highlighting the differential diagnosis and the molecular components of LEVs. In this way, the dual aim of that study is to register collected observations of natural canine infections, enhancing the relevance of differential diagnosis in companion animals and inserting in vitro results in the field of LEVs that still research gaps to be filled to understand the mechanisms and biological aspects involving the parasite-host interactions. Therefore, improve these studies of Parasitology research is important for diagnostic, prognostic, treatment advances and continuing need for global prevention, control, elimination/eradication of these parasitic infections.
Family Planning, Small-Scale Irrigation, and Agricultural Cooperatives Revisited in Achieving Increasing Demand for Food Sustainably in Rural Kenya
Authors: Ingutia Rose , Sumelius John
Published: January 2024

Rapid population growth causes smallholders to practice unsustainable forms of land intensification to meet increasing food demand. Food insecurity is exacerbated by unreliable rainfall. We revisit family planning, smallholder irrigation, and agricultural cooperatives as potential sustainable solutions. We use descriptive statistics based on primary data from Kakamega Central and Navakholo in Kenya. Results from respondents indicate 83% had no family planning information, while 82% had no access to irrigation. The major reasons are poverty, illiteracy, misconceptions, gender inequality, constraints in accessing credit, lack of investment in water resources, and family planning. Lack of access to agricultural extension services limits the adoption of sustainable farming practices. Cooperatives’ principles and values make them suitable pathways to reach the poorest and facilitate members’ access to productive resources. Cooperatives can be used to train members in sustainable agricultural practices and educate members on family planning issues. Cooperatives have contributed to better yields, incomes, nutritional status, and reduced poverty. However are constrained by a lack of capital, credit, infrastructure, markets, training and technology, delayed payment, and low prices. Governments and development agencies should support the establishment and development of cooperatives with capacity building, market infrastructure, finance, and education in cooperative principles and values.
EMG Model Calibration and Trajectory Tracking by Remote Rehabilitation Exoskeleton
Authors: Castro Jimenez Ubaldo , Martínez-García Edgar
Published: January 2024

This study presents a novel kinematic tracking model, designed for a networked exoskeleton system that is asynchronously taught by a remote therapist. On the server side, the therapist’s rehabilitation exercises are quantitatively assessed using a monocular passive vision system. The resultant analytical metrics are then transmitted asynchronously over the network to patients equipped with exoskeletons. On the client side, the exoskeleton utilizes these analytical metrics as reference paths for exercises, complemented by electromyography (EMG) feedback. This work introduces a calibration approach aimed at estimating angular positions by utilizing EMG observations. The calibration model establishes real-time correlations between polynomial reference positions. This calibration mechanism is integrated into simulations of both upper and lower limb exoskeletons. We further explore redundant kinematics, incorporating an EMG observer for linear, time-variant rehabilitation tracking control. Our methodology is validated using vision-based metric data and experimental EMG measurements for various exercises, including shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, and rowing-like movements. This work also includes computer simulations for tracking the control of rehabilitation exercises, demonstrating the adaptability of the system in reliably, robustly, and effectively following desired trajectories.
Evidence of Regulating Effect of Nitrogen Level on Ultramicrostructure and Mapping Elements of Tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill.) Chloroplast under Heat Stress
Authors: Li Chunying , Yang Zaiqiang , Zhang Chunlong , Luo Jing , Wang Di , Yan Yehan
Published: January 2024

Heat stress is a serious threat to tomato production. The ultrastructure and element mapping of tomato chloroplast were investigated under different nitrogen levels to explore the regulatory effect of nitrogen on tomato chloroplast under heat stress. Experiments design two temperature treatments (25°C/15°C, as control, 40°C/30°C, as severe high-temperature, SHT ) and four nitrogen levels (0.0 kg hm-2, N1; 187.5 kg hm-2, N2; 250 kg hm-2, N3, as recommended nitrogen-application; 312.5kg hm-2 , N4) for a duration of 5 days in artificial climate chamber. The results showed that heat stress led to obvious damage to the ultrastructure of tomato chloroplast, including thylakoid stacking disorder, granum destruction, and starch grain aggregation and degradation. With the increase of nitrogen level, the ratio of long and short axes of tomato chloroplasts increased, the differentiation of chloroplasts was strengthened, the number of plastoglobuli was increased and aggregated, and the degree of damage to the ultrastructure of chloroplasts was reduced. The regulatory effect of nitrogen on the ultrastructure of tomato chloroplasts under heat stress was mainly reflected in the phosphorylation degradation process of starch granules in chloroplasts. There are obvious segmentation lines of Ca, P and Cl on both sides of the inner and outer chloroplasts, and enriched in the chloroplasts, which can outline the boundary of the chloroplasts. Element mapping analysis revealed that heat stress significantly increased the contents of calcium, phosphorus and chlorine in the chloroplast of tomato leaves, while the contents of potassium was decreased. The application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly regulate the element distribution of tomato chloroplast under heat stress, especially the regulation of phosphorus, chlorine, calcium, magnesium. These results provide new insight into the role of nitrogen using TEM-EDX mapping in the protection of tomato chloroplast under heat stress and the mechanism of heat stress tolerance in plants.
On Move with Interleaving (MwI) Implementation
Authors: Žalik Borut , Jeromel Aljaž , Kolingerová Ivana , Lukač Niko , Repnik Blaž
Published: January 2024

Various implementations of the Move with Interleaving transform are discussed in this paper, with the transformation itself explained briefly at first. The transform has an expected time complexity of O(n), where n represents the length of the sequence being transformed. The importance of implementation also grows as the sequences become longer. The paper explains three different implementations: the first uses the standard vector, the second employs a lookup table, and the third utilises a dynamic linked list with a pool of released records. The experiments were conducted on 32 greyscale raster images of various contexts and sizes. All three solutions were implemented in both C++ and Java, and then executed on three different platforms: a personal computer running MS Windows and Linux, and a Raspberry Pi 2 with Linux. The implementation based on the dynamic linked list was the fastest, and outperformed the vector-based implementation by more than 1800%. While direct comparisons between results on the Raspberry Pi and those on the modern personal computer may not be straightforward, a consistent pattern prevails: the dynamic linked list implementation outperformed the other two consistently, and the C++ code was faster than the code written in Java. The difference was most evident on the Raspberry Pi.
Selective Spin Dewetting for Perovskite Solar Modules Fabricated on Engineered Au/ITO Substrates
Authors: Singh Son , Abdur Rahim , Sheikh Md. Abdul Kuddus , Swain Bhabani Sankar , Song Jindong , Kim Jae-Hun , Nam Ho-Seok , Kim Sung Hyon , Lee Hyunseung , Lee Jaegab
Published: January 2024

We introduce a novel method for fabricating perovskite solar modules using selective spin-coating on various Au/ITO patterned substrates. These patterns were engineered for twofold purposes: (1) to enhance selectivity of monolayers primarily self-assembling on the Au electrode, and (2) to enable seamless interconnection between cells through direct contact of the top electrode and the hydrophobic Au connection electrode. Utilizing SAMs-treated Au/ITO, we achieved sequential selective deposition of the electron transport layer (ETL) and the perovskite layer on the hydrophilic amino-terminated ITO, while the hole transport layer (HTL) was deposited on the hydrophobic CH3-terminated Au connection electrodes. Importantly, our approach had negligible impact on the series resistance of the solar cells, as evidenced by the measured specific contact resistivity of the multilayers. A significant outcome was the production of a 6-cell series-connected solar module with a notable average PCE of 8.32%, providing a viable alternative to the conventional laser scribing technique.
Chemical Instability Induced Wettability Patterns on Superhydrophobic Surfaces
Authors: Chen Tianchen , Chen Faze
Published: January 2024

Chemical instability of liquid-repellent surfaces is one of the nontrivial hurdles that hinders their real-world applications. Although much efforts have been made to prepare chemically durable liquid-repellent surfaces, few attentions have been paid to exploit the instability for versatile use. Herein, we propose to create hydrophilic patterns on superhydrophobic surface by taking advantage of its chemical instability induced by acid solution treatment. Superhydrophobic Cu(OH)2 nanoneedles covered Cu plate that shows poor stability towards HCl solution (1.0 M) is taken as an example. Results show that 2.5 min of HCl solution exposure leads to the etching of Cu(OH)2 nanoneedles and partial removal of self-assembled fluoroalkyl silane molecular layer, resulting in the wettability transition from superhydrophobocity to hydrophilicity, and the water contact angle decreases from ~160° to ~30°. Hydrophilic dimples with different diameters are then created on the superhydrophobic surfaces by depositing HCl droplets with different volumes. Afterwards, the hydrophilic dimple patterned superhydrophobic surfaces are used for water droplet manipulations, including controlled transfer, merging and nanoliter droplets deposition. The results thereby verify the feasibility of creating wettability patterns on superhydrophobic surfaces by using their chemical instability towards corrosive solutions, which broadens the fabrication methods and applications of functional liquid-repellent surfaces.
Biomonitoring: Developing a Beehive Air Volatiles Profile as an Indicator of Environmental Contamination Using a Sustainable In-Field Technique
Authors: Ilić Daria , Brkić Boris , Turk Sekulić Maja
Published: January 2024

The wellbeing of the honey bee colonies and the health of humans are connected in numerous ways. Therefore, ensuring the well-being of bees is a crucial component of fostering sustainability and ecological harmony. The colony collapse disorder (CCD) phenomenon was first reported in 2006 when majority of bee colonies in Europe died out, due to increase of diseases infections, contamination of hive with agrochemical pesticides and persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Only 6 years after CCD intimation, about 7 million premature deaths were reported, due to the air pollution to which humans are continuously exposed. The use of insect species, such as honey bee Apis mellifera L. and air matrix inside the bee hive can be used as a tool in biomonitoring, instead of traditional monitoring methods. This may have advantages in terms of cost-effective bioindicators of the environmental health status, showing the ability to record spatial and temporal pollutant variations. In this study, we present the in-field use of the portable membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) instrument for instant and effective determination of the level of environmental pollution by analytical identification of hive atmosphere volatile organic compound (VOCs) contaminants, contained in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) compounds and pesticides. The samples will be taken from hives which are located in urbanized and rural regions, where further differences in contamination will be highlighted. The MIMS results will be benchmarked against a conventional laboratory sampling technique such as GC-MS.
Optical Intracranial Self-Stimulation (oICSS): A New Behavioral Model for Studying Drug Reward and Aversion
Authors: Song Rui , Soler-Cedeno Omar , Xi Zheng-Xiong
Published: January 2024

Brain-stimulation reward, also known as intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS), is a commonly used procedure for studying brain reward function and drug reward. In electrical ICSS, an electrode is surgically implanted into the medial forebrain bundle in the lateral hypothalamus or the ventral tegmental area in the midbrain. Operant lever responding leads to the delivery of electrical pulse stimulation. The alteration in the stimulation frequency-lever response curve is used to evaluate the impact of pharmacological agents on brain reward function. If a test drug induces a leftward or upward shift in the ICSS response curve, it implies a reward-enhancing or abuse-like effect. Conversely, if a drug causes a rightward or downward shift in the functional response curve, it suggests a reward-attenuating or aversive effect. A significant drawback of electrical ICSS is the lack of cellular selectivity in understanding the neural substrates underlying drug reward versus aversion. Excitingly, recent advancements in optical ICSS (oICSS) have facilitated the development of at least three cell type-specific oICSS models – dopamine-, glutamate-, and GABA-dependent oICSS. In these new models, a comparable frequency-rate response curve has been established and employed to study the substrate-specific mechanisms underlying brain reward function and a drug's rewarding versus aversive effects. In this review article, we summarize recent progress in this exciting research area. The findings in these new behavioral models have not only increased our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying drug reward and addiction but have also introduced a novel experimental approach in preclinical medication development for treating substance use disorders.
Visualization of Early RNA Replication Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 by Using Single Molecule RNA-Fish Combined with Immunofluorescence
Authors: Pathak Rajiv , Eliscovich Carolina , Mena Ignacio , Čupić Anastasija , Chandran Kartik , Jangra Rohit , García-Sastre Adolfo , Singer Robert , Kalpana Ganjam V
Published: January 2024

SARS-CoV-2 infection remains a global burden. Despite intensive research, the mechanism and dynamics of early viral replication are not completely understood including the kinetics of formation of genomic RNA (gRNA), sub-genomic RNA (sgRNA) and replication centers/organelles (ROs). We employed single-molecule RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization (smRNA-FISH) to simultaneously detect viral gRNA and sgRNA, immunofluorescence to detect nsp3 protein, a marker for the formation RO, and carried out a time course analysis. We found that single molecules of gRNA are visible within the cytoplasm at 30 minutes post-infection (p.i.). Starting from 2 hr. p.i., most of the viral RNA existed in clusters/speckles, some of which were surrounded by single molecules of sgRNA. These speckles associated with nsp3 protein starting at 3 hr. p.i., indicating that these were precursors to ROs. Furthermore, RNA replication was asynchronous as cells with RNA at all stages of replication were found at any given time point. Our probes detected the SARS-COV-2 variants of concern, and BA.1 strain exhibited slower rate of replication kinetics than the WA1 strain. Our results provide insights into the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 early post-entry events, which will facilitate identification of new therapeutic targets to early stage replication to combat COVID-19.
Beszámoló a Találkozások az anyanyelvi nevelésben 4. konferenciáról
Authors: Dóla Mónika , Farkas Judit , Gúti Erika , Hoss Alexandra , Kárpáti Eszter , Kleiber Judit , Viszket Anita
Published: January 2024

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A XXXIV. Országos Tudományos Diákköri Konferencia
Authors: Pelczer Katalin
Published: January 2024

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Nagy L. János (szerk.): Bóbita varázskönyve. Weöres-breviárium. Összeállította, ritmizálta Nagy L. János (Cs. Jónás Erzsébet)
Authors: Cs. Jónás Erzsébet
Published: January 2024

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Az Applied Linguistics Research Journal folyóirat
Authors: Csárdás László
Published: January 2024

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Oktatáskutatás a Debreceni Egyetemen
Authors: Pusztai Gabriella , Kocsis Zsófia
Published: January 2024

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Az anyanyelvi nevelés lehetőségei a digitális távoktatás rendszerében
Authors: Keszy-Harmath Dániel
Published: January 2024

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A bimodális kétnyelvűek nyelvi teljesítményét mérő eszközök és módszerek kihívásai és korlátai
Authors: Bokor Julianna
Published: January 2024

A siket közösséget a jelnyelvhasználat mellett erős heterogenitás jellemzi. A siketség mértéke, oka, a családi környezet, a családban alkalmazott nyelvhasználati stratégiák, az iskolai háttér és a hallásjavító eszközök használata mint szociokulturális tényezők a nyelvi és a kognitív fejlődésre jelentős hatást gyakorolnak, befolyásolják a nyelvi és a kommunikatív kompetenciák alakulását, a rendelkezésre álló nyelvi erőforrásokat, valamint a nyelvhasználati gyakorlatot. Az oktatási folyamatnak, a módszereknek és a nyelvi teljesítményt értékelő méréseknek ehhez a nyelvi változatossághoz kell(ene) alkalmazkodniuk, ami egyelőre nem valósul meg. A jelen tanulmány célja annak bemutatása, hogy milyen nehézségekbe és kihívásokba ütközik a nyelvi teljesítmény értékelése siket gyermekek esetében, és milyen szemlélet kialakítása szükséges ahhoz, hogy új, hatékonyabb mérőeszközök segítsék a nyelvi és a kognitív képességek előrehaladásának a követését.
Bóna Judit – Horváth Viktória (szerk.): Az anyanyelv-elsajátítás folyamata hároméves kor után (Pap Johanna)
Authors: Pap Johanna
Published: January 2024

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Nyelvhasználat és (anya)nyelvi nevelés Tunéziában I.
Authors: Dridi Taysir , Salah Rania , Parapatics Andrea
Published: January 2024

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Jánk István: Nyelvi előítélet és diszkrimináció a magyartanári értékelésben (Rási Szilvia)
Authors: Rási Szilvia
Published: January 2024

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Tanítás, hogy átadjuk – kutatás, hogy megszerezzük az ismereteket. Alkalmazott Nyelvészeti Doktori Program az ELTE-n
Authors: Gósy Mária
Published: January 2024

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Nyelvi attitűdvizsgálat iskolások körében
Authors: Kaján Anna , Deme Andrea
Published: January 2024

A vizsgálat egy Budapesthez közeli város (Gödöllő) ötödikes és tizenkettedikes diákjainak nyelvjárásokkal szembeni explicit (nyíltan vállalt), illetve implicit (rejtett) attitűdjét vizsgálta különböző módszerekkel. Az előzetes hipotézisek szerint a kisebb gyermekek esetében az explicit és az implicit attitűd egyöntetűen elítélő, az idősebbek esetében azonban már erősebb a vélt szociális, kulturális elvárásoknak való megfelelés vágya, így negatív vélekedést inkább csak az implicit attitűdjükben mutatnak. Az eredmények szerint bár explicit attitűdjükben a kisebbek valóban inkább elítélőnek mutatkoztak a nyelvjárásokkal szemben, nem állítható, hogy implicit attitűdjükben egyértelműen a negatív vélekedés lenne a domináns. A feltételezésekkel szemben explicit attitűdjükben a végzősök nem voltak kevésbé elítélőek, mint az ötödikesek, implicit attitűdjünkben pedig a fiatalabb kísérleti személyeknél valamivel nagyobb arányban voltak elutasítók. Az eredmények rávilágítanak, hogy kiemelten fontos feladat a diákok nyelvváltozatokkal kapcsolatos árnyalt gondolkozásának a kialakítása, az érzékenyítés.
Az értékelés és a vizsga motiváló ereje
Authors: Tuba Márta
Published: January 2024

A tanulmány egy Pest megyei gimnázium két egymást követő tanévében érettségizett osztályának teljesítményét hasonlítja össze a magyar nyelv és irodalom tantárgyból. A vizsgálat az intézményi pedagógiai gyakorlatból indult ki, a tanulók teljesítményét a központi középszintű érettségi feladatlapokkal mérte. A tanulmány bemutatja, hogy a szerző milyen meglévő lehetőségeket használt ki a vizsgafelkészítésben, és melyeket változtatott meg az osztály igényeihez igazodva. A felmérés célja az volt, hogy bemutassa, egyrészt a gyakoribb méréssel, másrészt a témazáró dolgozatok rendszeres szöveges értékelésével, harmadrészt az anyanyelvi tanórai munka megváltoztatásával hogyan lehet többféleképpen motiválni a tanulókat a jobb eredmény elérésére. A tanulmány azt is érinti, hogyan befolyásolták az eredeti célkitűzés elérését a 2020. márciustól megváltozott oktatási feltételek.
A narratív készség fejlesztési lehetőségei óvodáskorban
Authors: Murányi Sarolta
Published: January 2024

A beszédfejlődés egyik kiemelten fontos területe a narratív készség fejlődése. Óvodáskorban a gyermekek e készsége jelentős fejlődik. Az egymással lazán összefüggő rövid mondatoktól a gyermekek többsége az óvodai évek végére eljut a komplex, összefüggéseket tartalmazó narratívák létrehozásáig. Hazai és nemzetközi vizsgálatok eredményei támasztják alá, hogy a nagycsoportosok szóbeli szövegalkotásában jelentős egyéni különbségek vannak. Ezek a különbségek kihatnak a gyermekek későbbi iskolai teljesítményére is. Nemzetközi kutatások támasztják alá, hogy az elbeszélés struktúráját már óvodáskorban érdemes tudatosítani, megtanítani. A jelen írás a narratív készség óvodáskori fejlődését mutatja be, ezen kívül tartalmaz egy olyan játékos feladatgyűjteményt, amelynek feladatai célzottan fejleszthetik és tudatosabbá tehetik a gyermekek történetmesélő készségét.
A Magyaróra című folyóirat margójára
Authors: Zs. Sejtes Györgyi
Published: January 2024

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Szabó Ildikó – Szinger Veronika: Kinek a feladata? Az össztantárgyi olvasásfejlesztés kihívásai a pedagógusképzésben (Boronkai Dóra)
Authors: Boronkai Dóra
Published: January 2024

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Parapatics Andrea: A magyar nyelv regionalitása és a köznevelés. Tények, problémák, javaslatok. Segédkönyvek a nyelvészet tanulmányozásához 209. (Márku Anita)
Authors: Márku Anita
Published: January 2024

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Nyelvhasználat és (anya)nyelvi nevelés Tunéziában II.
Authors: Salah Rania , Dridi Taysir , Parapatics Andrea
Published: January 2024

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Szabó Tamás Péter – Fenyvesi Kristóf – Gomathy Soundararaj – Tea Kangasvieri (szerk.): Everyday Creativity: Európai iskolák belső kreatív erőforrásainak erősítése finnországi példák alapján. Tanári kézikönyv (Wesselényi Tamás)
Authors: Wesselényi Tamás
Published: January 2024

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Evaluating Coll2-1NO2 Level in Pre- and Post-menopausal Iraqi Women with Osteoarthritis
Authors: Ghanim Noor Basil , Hasan Bushra Faris
Published: January 2024

يعد مرض الفصال العظمي (OA) ليس بمرض مناعة ذاتية ولكنه مرض التهابي مزمن يؤثر على مفاصل الأنسان بسبب جهد ميكانيكي وخصوصاً مفاصل الركبة و الحوض. وفي هذا المرض تحدث تغييرات في الغضروف مسببةً ألام في المفاصل خلال الحركة. Coll2-1NO2 هو مصطلح يشير الى سلسلة من الأحماض الأمينية تتكون خلال تحطيم النوع الثاني من الكولاجين والذي يتواجد بشكل وافر في الغضروف، حيث يتم إضافة مجموعة نترات الى الحامض الاميني التايروسين نتيجة لحالة التهابية ناتجة عن الجهد. في هذه الدراسة تم استخدام Coll2-1NO2 كمؤشر حيوي لمرض هشاشة العظام للتنبؤ بحالة الاجهاد الألتهابي وكذلك تحطم الغضروف في النساء قبل وبعد انقطاع الطمث. أظهرت النتائج زيادة ملحوظة في مستوى Coll2-1NO2 في امصال النساء المصابات بمرض هشاشة العظام قبل وبعد انقطاع الطمث بالمقارنة مع النساء السليمات بمستوى العمر ذاته واللاتي يمتلكن مؤشر كتلة جسم مماثل (زيادة في الوزن). وأظهر تحليل ارتباط بيرسون عدم وجود علاقة بين Coll2-1NO2 وباقي متغيرات الدراسة. إضافة لذلك، أظهر تحليل ROC حساسية ممتازة جداً لـColl2-1NO2 كمؤشر حيوي تشخيصي لمرض هشاشة العظام في كل من النساء قبل وبعد انقطاع الطمث.
Continuous Flow Injection Analysis Method for the Determination of a Drug Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride by Using Phosphomolybdic Acid
Authors: Jabbar Muntadhar M. , Mezaal Elham N.
Published: January 2024

قدمت الدراسة طريقة جديدة لتقدير ديفينهيدرامين هيدروكلوريد (DPH) في شكله النقي وبعض المستحضرات الصيدلانية ، ضمن تقنية CFIA. الطريقة بسيطة وسريعة وحساسة وسهلة التشغيل ومنخفضة التكلفة. يعتمد على تفاعل DPH مع حمض الفوسفوموليبديك (PMA) ، في وسط مائي ، مكونًا راسبًا أبيض مائل إلى الصفرة قليلاً. تمت دراسة المادة المترسبة المتكونة باستخدام محلل الخلايا الشمسية  Ayah 6S × 1-ST-2D CFI analyzer ، عن طريق انعكاس الضوء الساقط عن أسطح الجسيمات المترسبة عند (0-180 درجة) ، معبرًا عنها بالاستجابة المقاسة بـ (الملي فولت) . تمت دراسة بعض المتغيرات الكيميائية والفيزيائية لتوفير الظروف المثلى للدراسة. المدى الخطي كان (0.07-9) مليمول / لتر وكان له معامل ارتباط (r) بقيمة (0.9998). كان حد الكشف (L.O.D.) للطريقة الجديدة (729.55 نانوغرام / عينة) ، محسوبًا بالتخفيف التدريجي للحد الأدنى للتركيز في النطاق الخطي (0.07 مليمول / لتر). كان     ٪ RSD أقل من 0.2٪ لتركيز (0.1 ، 4.0 و 10.0) مليمول / لتر من DPH لـ n = 8. تم تطبيق الطريقة بنجاح في تحديد DPH في ثلاث عينات من ثلاث شركات إنتاج صيدلانية مختلفة. باستخدام طريقة الإضافة القياسية ، تمت مقارنة الطريقة الجديدة مع طريقة القياس الطيفي للأشعة المرئية وفوق البنفسجية عند λmax = 258 نانومتر. لكل من اختبار t و F. أظهرت نتائج الاختبارين عدم وجود فرق معنوي عند مستوى الثقة (95٪)..