bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Christopher Isherwood’s A Single Man: A work of art produced in the afternoon of an author’s life
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Gökben
Published: January 2021

Beginning his early literary career as an author who nurtured his fiction with personal facts and experiences, many of Christopher Isherwood’s novels focus on constructing an identity and discovering himself not only as an adult but also as an author. He is one of those unique authors whose gradual transformation from late adolescence to young and middle adulthood can be clearly observed since he portrays different stages of his life in fiction. His critically acclaimed novel A Single Man, which reflects “the afternoon of his life;” is a poetic portrayal of Isherwood’s confrontation with ageing and death anxiety. Written during the early 1960s, stormy relationship with his partner Don Bachardy, the fight against cancer of two of his close friends’ (Charles Laughton and Aldous Huxley) and his own health problems surely contributed the formation of A Single Man. The purpose of this study is to unveil how Isherwood’s midlife crisis nurtured his creativity in producing this work of fiction. From a theoretical point of view, this paper, draws from literary gerontology and ‘the Lifecourse Perspective’ which is a theoretical framework in social gerontology. Examining the works of authors like Isherwood, who speaks directly from his own experience, reveals how literature and gerontology intersect. It is clear that as an aiding discipline, fiction provides a key which can unlock the inner world of ageing individuals and help in understanding them.
Turkey’s leadership role in-between the East and the West in Marmaduke Pickthall's novels and travelogues
Authors: KÖKOĞLU Faruk
Published: January 2021

Marmaduke Pickthall, a neglected British novelist, has written about a dozen Oriental novels and travelogues. Pickthall who often asserts himself to be a lover of the East and Turkey has widely travelled in Syria, Palestine and Istanbul. He was an unusual traveller in the East without any cultural baggage and the frame of mind of a colonizer or a missionary. His sole concern was to fraternize on an equality with Orientals. In his deterritorialised encounters, Pickthall was not completely blind to what he found unbecoming in the Orient following a constructive and symbiotic line of flight ending up as a Turcophile journalist against his government. Despite overtly critical outlook in his novels of Syria, Palestine and Egypt, Pickthall is surprisingly positive and assertive about Turkey and the Turks in his travelogues and two novels and he professes Turkey to be "the head of the progressive movement in the East, the natural head, the sanest head”. This study aims to show that Pickthall’s preference of Turkey is not biased and results from his deep and concerned observations and retroactive and prospective analyses in his travelogues and two novels, The House of War (1916) and The Early Hours (1921). It also highlights a spontaneous rhizomatic response in Pickthall’s work to Shaw’s play Getting Married (1908). The study contributes to the debates on alternative Orientalisms and help in shaping the potential ‘minor’ contributions of Pickthall to postcolonial studies and the future of Turkey as a bridge between the East and the West.
Dictionary of the Khazars as a postmodern narrative veiling an ultra-nationalistic rhetoric
Authors: HASANUSTA Ümit
Published: January 2021

Milorad Pavic’s lexicon novel Dictionary of the Khazars is an example of historiographic metafiction which attempts to question the line between the historical and literary narratives. The book narrates the historical/fictional event “Conversion of the Khazars” via various references none of which acknowledges the others’ representation of history. Also, the self-reflexive text strongly emphasizes the role of the reader. Many fictional authors break the domination of the authoritative narrator and make the novel a crucial example of postmodern literature. On the other hand, we argue that each society experiences the postmodern differently and this must be considered in interpreting a literary work. Thus, in this study, Pavic’s novel is interpreted as an example of postmodern literature from Yugoslavia in the 1980s. For us, the formal aspects of the text make it a distinguished postmodern work influenced by post-structuralist theories of language and literature, but the novel is also strongly tied with the national question and it problematizes the basis of Yugoslav existence. The story of the Khazars has many parallels with the Serbian people and their historical experience especially in Titoist Yugoslavia. Thus, the playful, fantastic language of the book also covers an ultra-nationalistic rhetoric of Serbian victimization and suppression. This rhetoric is clearly seen in satirical parodies of Tito’s multiethnic state. In addition, the novel problematizes the Yugoslav context via impressive images showing that assembled structures like Yugoslavia are not natural and they are doomed to be demolished. It must also be pointed out that the main reference to the failure of the Yugoslav metanarrative is the form of the novel which overtly denies the combination of diverse narratives and indicates the impossibility to reach a harmonious totality.
Barthes’ın Sarrasine (S/Z) okuması ile Sâmipaşazâde Sezâi’nin Bu Büyük Adam Kimdir? hikâyesinde hermenötik kod sorunu
Authors: GÜNDOĞDU Atiye Gülfer
Published: January 2021

Balzac’ın Sarrasine adlı metninin gösterilenlerine ulaşacak olan beş büyük kodu çözdüğünü iddia ettiği yapısökümcü S/Z okumasında Barthes’ın, metnin çoğulluğunu ortaya koymak için başvurduğu kodlardan birisi de hermenötik koddur. Buna göre hermenötik kod, edebî metnin muhtevasıyla ilgili olarak odağına bir muammanın (enigma) yerleştirildiği, geciktirildiği ve nihayetinde çözümlendiği okuma düzlemi olarak tanımlanır. Burada dikkat çeken Barthes’ın edebî metin okumasına dair bir çoğulluk oluşturma çabası içine girerken hermenötik kavramını metnin muhtevasında yer alan enigmayı açığa çıkaracak, çözecek netlikte bir kod olarak sınırlamasıdır. Türk edebiyatında, daha başlığından itibaren kendisini belli bir gizemle açan, çeşitli aldatmacalarla ilerleyen ve başlığındaki gizem nihayetinde çözülen metinlerden birisi Sâmipaşazâde Sezâi’nin Bu Büyük Adam Kimdir? adlı hikâyesidir. Sarrasine’de La Zambinella’nın cinsiyetinin aslında ne olduğu muammasının “kadın rolünün o dönemde kadınlar tarafından sahnelenmeyişi gerçeğiyle çözülmesi gibi (La Zambinella, Zambinella’ya dönüşür, üstelik hadım edilmiştir), Bu Büyük Adam Kimdir?’de de metin boyunca büyük bir adam olduğu öngörülen (bir “Victor Hugo mu? yoksa Jean Jacques Rousseau mu?” olduğu düşünülen) kişinin okumasını yazmasını dahi bilmeyen bir câhil olduğu (büyük adam, okumasını yazmasını bilmeyen bir adama dönüşür) açığa çıkar. Bu çalışmada bir taraftan hermenötik kod düzleminde gerçekleştirilen okumaların, edebî metinlerin özgünlüğünü yitirmesine etki edip etmediği sorusu etrafında Sâmipaşazâde Sezâi’nin Bu Büyük Adam Kimdir? adlı hikâyesi Sarrasine ile birlikte okunmaya çalışılacaktır. Bir taraftansa edebî metinlerin yorumlanmasında gerek hermenötiğin gerekse onunla ilişkili olarak muamma (enigma) kavramının hermenötik kod içerisinde kendisine biçilen sınırlarının dışına taşan anlam dünyasına temas edilerek Barthes’ın S/Z’de öne çıkan çoğulluk oluşturma çabasına ve çağrısına farklı bir açıdan katkıda bulunulmaya çalışılacaktır.
A COMMUNITY SURVEY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) IN THE PROVINCE OF ALBAY
Authors: Deri Ritzelda A. , Gilbas Sherill A. , Dio Ryan V.
Published: January 2021

This paper highlights the trust, respect, safety and security ratings of the community to the Philippine National Police (PNP) in the Province of Albay.  It presents the sectoral ratings to PNP programs. The survey utilized a structured interview with 200 sample respondents from Albay coming from different sectors. Male respondents outnumbered female respondents. The majority of the respondents are 41-50 years old, at least high school graduates and are married. The respondents gave the highest net rating on respect, followed by net rating on trust and the lowest net rating on safety and security on the performance of the PNP. Moreover, a high net rating on commitment of support to the identified programs of the PNP was also attained from the respondents. The highest net rating of support is given to the PNP’s anti-illegal drugs program, followed by anti-terrorism, anti-riding in tandem and anti-illegal gambling programs. The ratings of the PNP obtained from the different sectors of the community may be explained by the respondents’ nature of work or professions. Moreover, recommendations given by most of the respondents are focused on safety and security. The negative comments from the respondents may be considered to improve the PNP as an organization.
NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND OPTICAL POWER LIMITING OF POLY (3HT- Co - Th) - PMMA POLYMER BLEND FILMS
Authors: Al-Saidi Imad Al-Deen Hussein Ali , Hussein Hussein Falih , Hashim Numan Sleem
Published: January 2021

Poly (3 - Hexylthiophene - Co - Thiophene) copolymer was prepared by using the addition polymerization method. The Nonlinear optical properties and the behavior of the optical power limiting of the prepared polymer blend poly (3HT- Co - Th) - PMMA films were studied by using the z - scan technique for different weight ratios of the copolymer poly (3HT- Co - Th). In the present work, a continuous wave (CW) diode - pumped solid - state laser (DPSSL) of wavelengths 532 nm was used for the irradiation of the prepared film samples. The nonlinear optical parameters such as, the nonlinear refractive index (n2), the nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), and the      third - order - nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ (3)) of the polymer blend poly (3HT- Co - Th) - PMMA films were determined for different weight ratios of the copolymer poly (3HT- Co - Th). It is observed that the polymer blend poly (3HT - Co - Th) - PMMA films exhibit saturable absorption (SA) and self - defocusing effects, and this gives an indication that both, the nonlinear refractive index (n2) and the nonlinear absorption coefficient (β), have negative values. The obtained results indicate that the prepared polymer blend poly (3HT - Co - Th) - PMMA films are promising materials and can be considered as suitable materials for different optical and electronic applications.
"Change is Coming": Imagined Futures, Optimism and Pessimism Among Youth Climate Protesters
Authors: Cattell Jasper
Published: January 2021

In recent years, two unrelated developments have opened up new opportunities for examining how young people relate to climate change and participate in climate politics. First, there is a fast-growing literature in sociology and youth studies concerned with the roles of imagined futures in social action. Second, and more recent, is an explosion of youth-based climate activism, particularly the Fridays For Future movement. In this paper, I draw from in-depth interviews with participants in the Fridays For Future protests in London in Spring 2019, arguing that in this case of youth mobilization, protesters relied on shared, overarching narratives about the future of climate change, albeit ones that allow room for some divergence in opinion. In particular, I examine how regular involvement in the movement influenced participants’ imagined futures. Drawing from studies of similar issues by Kleres and Wettergren (2017) and Threadgold (2012), and from the phenomenological concept of “orientation” (Ahmed, 2005; Carabelli and Lyon, 2016), I argue that regular and repeated participation in climate activism engenders optimism among youth. This opens new ways of thinking about the relationship between political action and young people’s anticipations of climate change, with implications for scholarship of imagined futures, youth politics and climate politics.
Talent Promotion Programs and Management of Formal Education in Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Nimota Jibola Kadir , Sotayo Seun Muyiwa
Published: January 2021

This study examined talent promotion programs and management of formal education among youth in Nigeria. This quantitative study determined the perception of administrators and lecturers on the importance of personality development, sports, music and reality television shows towards effective management of formal education. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 45 participants in three departments at the University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Data was collected using a Talent Promotion Programs and Management of Formal Education Questionnaire (TPPMFEQ), and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that personality development, sports, music and reality television shows are important towards effective management of formal education. The findings indicate that the government should promote personality development of youth by upgrading the monetary value given to high achievers in school after completion of their programs or degree in order to spur more interest in appreciating education and shaping the behaviour of individuals. Also, the government should provide sports-academic scholarship schemes that would serve as criteria and support for talented youth in order to assist them in pursuing their dreams and ensuring that all citizens are catered for educationally. In addition, the government should also place more emphasis on music as a way of bringing about a better life for youth. As well, the government should ensure the effective regulation of television programs so that they are educative, meaningful and relevant to the progress of youth in order to empower and reduce the problem of unemployment and poverty among youth.
"Because Dads Change Diapers Too": Negotiating Gendered Parenting Discourses on Reddit Parenting Forums
Authors: Feldman Hannah
Published: January 2021

Digital media can reflect and reify normative expectations in the non-digital world. Parents are increasingly engaging with online media to seek information and support. Online parenting forums therefore act as key windows into current perceptions surrounding parenthood and child rearing. My study aims to investigate differences in parenting expectations between mothers and fathers on online parenting forums. I conducted a cyber ethnography of two Reddit subforums, Mommit and Daddit, to investigate how parents negotiate gendered parenting discourses on these two parenting subforums. Using a grounded theory approach, I extract key themes surrounding mothering and fathering expectations relating to (1) parental responsibilities, (2) women and men’s self-identity as parents, and (3) mothers’ and fathers’ relationships with their partners. My discourse analysis reveals that both Mommit and Daddit work to deconstruct certain normative pressures surrounding motherhood and fatherhood, but simultaneously reaffirm traditional gendered parenting expectations. These forums act as an avenue for users to deconstruct expectations that frustrate users: Daddit users contest the expectation that fathers are not apt child carers, and Mommit users contest the expectation that women are exclusively, and naturally skilled, child carers. However, at the same time, users cannot fully escape normative pressures, and indeed these forums reinforce a gendered primary-secondary divide between mothers and fathers in caretaking responsibilities and practices.
Factors Responsible for Violent Behaviours among Secondary School Students as Expressed by Teachers in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State
Authors: Iyekolo Olushola A. , Okafor Ifeoma P. , Abdulaziz Isiaka
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the factors responsible for violent behaviours among secondary school students as expressed by teachers in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State. The population for this study comprised all teachers in Ilorin metropolis. A researcher-designed questionnaire was designed to gather data from the respondents. The validity and reliability of the instrument were established. The data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. For the demographic data, percentages were employed while t-test statistical tools were employed to analyze the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that the factors responsible for violent behaviours are extreme annoyance displayed by parents towards their children, extreme harshness towards children by parents, and inconsistent parental responses to children’s needs among others. There were no significant differences in the factors responsible for violent behaviours among secondary school students as expressed by teachers in Ilorin metropolis based on gender and years in teaching. It was recommended that counselling centres should be established and made functional in all secondary schools in Ilorin and Nigeria in general.
Influence of Spousal Communication on Marital Conflict Resolution as Expressed by Married Adults in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State: Implications for Counselling Practice
Authors: Adegboyega Lateef Omotosho
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the influence of spousal communication on marital conflict resolution as expressed by married adults in the Ilorin metropolis. The research design adopted for the study was a descriptive design. A stratified sampling technique was employed to select 210 respondents. The main instrument used for the study was a researcher-designed questionnaire entitled “Influence of Spousal Communication on Marital Conflict Resolution Questionnaire (ISCMCRQ)”. The instrument was validated by experts in counseling and also yielded a reliability co-efficient of 0.88 after a test re-test reliability method. One research question was raised and three hypotheses were postulated and tested. An analysis of Variance and t-test were employed to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 alpha level. Findings revealed that communication in marriage has a positive influence on marital conflict resolution. Findings also revealed that communication helps to resolve marital conflict if there is effective communication among couples and enhanced respect for each other. Ineffective communication between spouses leads to perceptive error. There were no significant differences in the influence of spousal communication style on marital conflict resolution as expressed by married adults in the Ilorin metropolis based on gender, age and educational qualification. It was therefore recommended that married adults should be encouraged to pay attention to the non-verbal communication aspects of their relationships.
Causes and Consequences of Examination Malpractice among Senior Secondary School Students in Eti-Osa L.G.A. of Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Okafor Ifeoma P.
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the causes and consequences of examination malpractice among senior secondary school students in Eti-Osa Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research method was used for the study as was a simple random sampling technique to select 540 students from twenty selected secondary schools that supplied information to the questionnaire tagged Causes and Consequences of Examination Malpractice Questionnaire (CCEMQ). The instrument was validated by experts in the Department of Social Sciences Education of University of Ilorin. The reliability of the instrument was determined using test re-test method. A reliability coefficient of 0.74 was obtained. The instrument was analysed using percentages and t-test statistics were used to test the hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the major cause of examination malpractice was sexual harassment by teachers and the main consequence of examination malpractice was that it deprived innocent students’ the opportunity for admission. Findings also revealed that there was no significant difference in the causes of examination malpractice based on gender and age. Based on the results, the researcher recommended that sound educational policy should be put in place with the de-emphasis on the supremacy of certificates over skills and professional competence. There should be improvement in the delivery of instruction especially from the foundational level to the secondary level. Also, stakeholders should stop leap services to examination malpractice.
A sufficient condition for the unsolvability of the control problem of the asynchronous spectrum of linear almost periodic systems with the diagonal averaging of the coefficient matrix
Authors: Demenchuk A. K.
Published: January 2021

We consider a linear control system with an almost periodic matrix of the coefficients. The control has the form of feedback that is linear on the phase variables. It is assumed that the feedback coefficient is almost periodic and its frequency modulus, i. e. the smallest additive group of real numbers, including all the Fourier exponents of this coefficient, is contained in the frequency modulus of the coefficient matrix. The following problem is formulated: choose a control from an admissible set for which the system closed by this control has almost periodic solutions with the frequency spectrum (a set of Fourier exponents) containing a predetermined subset, and the intersection of the frequency modules of solution and the coefficient matrix is trivial. The problem is called as the control problem of the spectrum of irregular oscillations (asynchronous spectrum) with the target set of frequencies. At present, this problem has been studied only in a very special case, when the average value of the almost periodic coefficients matrix of the system is zero. In the case of nontrivial averaging, the question remains open. In the paper, a sufficient condition is obtained under which the control problem of the asynchronous spectrum of linear almost periodic systems with diagonal averaging of the coefficient matrix has no solution.
Study of the process e + e– → π+ π– π0 with the CMD-3 detector at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000
Authors: Vasileuskaya D. S. , Grigoriev D. N. , Dudko I. G. , Ivanov V. L. , Kazanin V. F. , Kozyrev A. N. , Ruban A. A. , Ryzhenenkov A. E. , Tolmachev S. S. , Fedotovich G. V. , Shemyakin D. N. , Shoukavy D. V. , Epshteyn L. B.
Published: January 2021

The cross section of the process e+ e– → π+ π– π0 was measured with the CMD-3 detector at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000 in the energy region from 750 MeV to 800 MeV in c.m.s. This measurement was based on the data collected in 2013 and related to an integrated luminosity of about 7.8 pb–1. The procedure for obtaining the Born cross section and determining the parameters of the ω-meson was worked out. The preliminary ω-meson parameters mω = 782.70 ± 0.02 ± ± 0.11 MeV, Гω = 8.74 ± 0.05 ± 0.22 MeV, σ0(ω → π+ π– π) = 1545 ± 4 ± 39 nb were obtained. The results were compared with previous data and proven to demonstrate a good agreement with them.
Statistics of pulse enrgy fluctuations in a solid-state Raman laser
Authors: Chulkov R. V. , Korozhan O. P. , Orlovich V. A.
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we present the results of the study of the statistics of pulse energy fluctuations in a Raman laser under optical pump by the multimode nanosecond pulses. A system of coupled differential equations for slowly varying envelopes of the pump field and first three Stokes lines was integrated numerically with taking into account spatial inhomogeneity of the pump beam, spontaneous noise, and optical feedback. Data of the numerical simulation revealed a sharp increase in the fluctuation amplitude in the nonlinear regime of Raman frequency conversion when the optical length of the Raman cavity was matched with the cavity length of the multimode pump laser. At a mean 1st Stokes conversion efficiency of 3.5–3.8 %, the calculations showed an increase in the coefficient of variation (CV) of a random value from 9 % to 118 %. In the linear regime of Raman frequency conversion, when the conversion efficiency was 0.2–0.03 %, a further increase in the CV value up to 270–500 % was predicted. It is also numerically shown that the fluctuation statistics under the conditions of the cavity length matching is essentially non-Gaussian and described by the L-type probability density distributions (PDDs) with long tails and maxima located near zero. The numerical data were quantitatively confirmed by an experiment for a Raman laser on a barium nitrate crystal operated near the Raman threshold, when the 1st Stokes conversion efficiency did not exceed 0.3 %. A Raman cavity was formed by two flat mirrors providing a double-pass pump configuration. The Raman laser was excited by the linearly polarized frequency-doubled radiation of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser generating multimode pulses with a duration of 7–8 ns. A Raman laser operating regime characterized by the hyperexponential PDDs with CVs reaching 480 %, which is 2–2.5 times higher than those observed earlier for the single-pass conditions of stimulated Raman scattering, was realized.
Spectral-kinetic properties of transient absorption of hybrid silver–copper phthalocyanine nanostructures
Authors: Barbarchyk K. A. , Buganov O. V. , Zamkovets A. D. , Tikhomirov S. A. , Phung Viet Tiep , Pham Hong Minh
Published: January 2021

In this paper, we studied the dynamics of transient absorption spectra of a hybrid nanostructure (Ag–CuPc)6 Ag based on island silver films and copper phthalocyanine thin films, as well as individual structural units of this system, by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. It is found that the effects observed for a hybrid nanostructure reflect the existing mutual influence of the plasmonic and organic subsystems on the spectral-kinetic characteristics of each other. The characteristic time of the main component of induced optical density kinetics at a wavelength λ = 525 nm (τ ~ 15 ps) that is caused by singlet-triplet relaxation of the excited electronic states of the organic subsystem of the hybrid structure is noticeably shorter than the relaxation time (τ ~ 50 ps) at the same wavelength for a pure copper phthalocyanine film of 40 nm thickness, just the same as the total thickness of the organic subsystem in the hybrid structure. It is assumed that the presence of silver nanoparticles in the hybrid structure (Ag–CuPc)6 Ag, affects the probability of intersystem conversion in the organic subsystem, accelerating the transition of CuPc molecules to a long-lived triplet state due to a strong local field near the surface of the plasmon particle. The triplet-triplet absorption spectrum of copper phthalocyanine in the spectral range 470–750 nm was obtained.
Attenuation of Earth’s radiation belt electrons with protective shields based on composite W-Cu
Authors: Yakushevich H. S. , Bogatyrev Y. V. , Vasilenkov N. A. , Grabchikov S. S. , Lastovskii S. B. , Maksimov A. Y.
Published: January 2021

For decreasing the radiation effects of the cosmic environment on the electronic components of spacecraft, local protection shields are used. They are manufactured on the basis of materials with high density and large atomic numbers (tungsten, tantalum, the W-Cu composite etc.) and then integrated into the ceramic-and-metal package of electronic components with an insufficient level of radiation resistance. On the basis of the Monte Carlo approach we considered the methods of decreasing the level of the dose absorbed by the crystals of active elements if using the radiation shields based on the W-Cu composite in hybrid metal cases under the action of electrons of a circular orbit with an inclination angle of 30° and an altitude of 8000 km. The electron spectra at the maximum and minimum solar activity were obtained using OMERE 5.3 software. It was established that an increase in the mass thickness of the base and cover of cases with shields up to 1.67 g / cm2 makes it possible to reduce the dose load by 3.5–3.7 times at the minimum and by 3.9–4.1 times at the maximum of solar activity. The optimization of protection by lowering the upper layer of the W-Cu composite to the base to a height of 1.2 mm reduces the absorbed dose by 6.8–9.3 times at the minimum and by 7.6–10.7 times at the maximum solar activity.
Fourier transformation in spherical systems as a tool of structural biology
Authors: Batyanovskii A. V. , Namiot V. A. , Filatov I. V. , Tumanyan V. G. , Esipova N. G. , Volotovsky I. D.
Published: January 2021

Applications of the most common adaptation of Fourier analysis in spherical coordinate systems used to solve a number of problems in structural biology, namely, flat wave decomposition (flat waves are represented as spherical functions decomposition), are herein considered. Arguments in favor of this decomposition are compared with other decompositions in superposition of special functions. A more general justification for the correctness of this decomposition is obtained than that existing today. A method for representing groups of atoms in the form of a Fourier object is proposed. It is also considered what opportunities give such a representation. The prospects for the application of Fourier analysis in structural biophysics are discussed.
Locality estimation of parallel algorithm for distributed memory computers
Authors: Likhoded N. A. , Tolstsikau A. A.
Published: January 2021

Locality is an algorithm characteristic describing a usage level of fast access memory. For example, in case of distributed memory computers we focus on memory of each computational node. To achieve the high performance of algorithm implementation one should choose the best possible locality option. Studying the parallel algorithm locality is to estimate the number and volume of data communications. In this work, we formulate and prove the statements for computers with distributed memory that allow us to estimate the asymptotic volume of data communication operations. These estimation results are useful while comparing alternative versions of parallel algorithms during data communication cost analysis.
Сlassical solution of the mixed problem for the one-dimensional wave equation with the nonsmooth second initial condition
Authors: Korzyuk V. I. , Rudzko J. V.
Published: January 2021

In this article, we study the classical solution of the mixed problem in a quarter of a plane and a half-plane for a one-dimensional wave equation. On the bottom of the boundary, Cauchy conditions are specified, and the second of them has a discontinuity of the first kind at one point. Smooth boundary condition is set at the side boundary. The solution is built using the method of characteristics in an explicit analytical form. Uniqueness is proved and conditions are established under which a piecewise-smooth solution exists. The problem with linking conditions is considered.
Bloch vector formalism in the problem of nonlinear resonant response of a quasi-two-dimensional supercrystal
Authors: Timoshchenko E. V. , Yurevich V. A.
Published: January 2021

Taking into account the ideas of the generalized two-level scheme, within the framework of the semiclassical approach to the consideration of the resonant interaction of the light field with matter, an analytical solution to the problem of the evolution of superradiance in a quasi-two-dimensional supercrystal formed by quantum dots is obtained. The calculation was carried out for the physical parameters of a semiconductor structure with quantum-well effects in the presence of resonant nonlinearity and intraband relaxation.
Spin-dependant tunneling to the surface states of titanium dioxide
Authors: Sidorova T. N. , Danilyuk A. L. , Borisenko V. E.
Published: January 2021

Results of the simulation of spin-dependant tunneling of electrons to the surface states of the titanium dioxide, which are created by adsorbed organic impurities are performed. Tunneling transparency for sunlight generated electrons is calculated by the Phase function method. A ferromagnetic film is considered to be an injector of spin-dependent electrons to the titanium dioxide. It is shown that electron spin polarization at the surface states reaches 10–25 %. It can contribute to the spin enhanced catalysis peeling a surface from organic impurities.
Water-absorbing materials based on polymer hydrogel and bentonite
Authors: Vorobieva E. V.
Published: January 2021

The article deals with the production, sorption and rheological properties of composite materials based on polymer hydrogel and bentonite. It is shown that bentonite prevents the collapse of the hydrogel in aqueous solutions of electrolytes and leads to an increase in the moisture content after the collapse. After several repeated cycles of swelling in water, followed by drying at 60 and 110 °C, the degree of swelling of the composite is higher than that of the hydrogel. In the temperature range from 20 to 40 °C, the polymer hydrogel and the composite are able to withstand at least ten cycles of swelling and drying without changing the degree of swelling.
Evaluation of silymarin and berberine efficiencies in the self-emulsifying drug delivery systemin paracetamol-induced experimental toxic liver injury
Authors: Sutsko I. P. , Shlyahtun A. G. , Titko A. V. , Yankevich N. V. , Kolodko A. V. , Telegin P. G. , Zverinsky I. V. , Semenenya I. N.
Published: January 2021

The hepatoprotective properties of the silymarin and the plant alkaloid berberine combinationin experimental paracetamol-inducedliver damage were studied. Silymarin was obtained from milk thistle seeds. The conditions for extraction of flavonolignans (silymarin) were optimized. 70 % ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and water were used as extractants. It was shown that the optimal conditions for the extraction of flavonolignans in order to obtain the maximum yield of flavonolignans were alcohol extraction in a Soxhlet apparatus. The experiment showed that the combined of silymarin and berberine was greater than their individual actions, which most effectively permitted stabilization of hepatocyte membranes and prevented altering their integrity in paracetamol-induced toxic liver damage. The self-emulsifying system with silymarin and berberine to a greater extent a significant extent prevented dystrophic changes in hepatocytes and necrosis in liver tissue, reduced hyperfermentemia in rat blood serum, prevented disturbance in the activity of thioredoxin reductase and enzymes of the glutathione antioxidant system and there by more effectively prevented hepatocyte functional impairment.
Rate of hypovitaminosis D and association of plasma concentration of 25(OH)D with indicators of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Rudenko A. V. , Tyabut T. D. , Buglova A. E. , Babak G. A. , Morozik P. M. , Borisenko T. D.
Published: January 2021

Vitamin D deficiency is an important environmental risk factor that influences the prevalence and severity of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in patients with RA, to establish the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and indicators of disease activity. 156 patients with RA were included in the study, mean age 60.2 ± 13.9 years. Assessment of clinical status was performed, serum concentrations of rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), total vitamin D (25(OH)D), antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) were determined. RA disease activity was evaluated using DAS28 (disease activity score), SDAI (Simplified Disease Activity Index) и CDAI (Clinical Disease Activity Index) scores. Average levels of 25(OH)D in the surveyed sample were 25.2 ± 13.2 ng/ml. The results of the study indicate a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with RA. Normal indicators of vitamin D, its insufficiency and deficiency were observed in 47 (30.3 %), 45 (28.7 %) and 64 (40.7 %) patients, respectively. Low level of serum 25(OH)D was associated with higher indices of RA activity according to DAS28, SDAI and CDAI, as well as with greater tender joint count. Vitamin D should be prescribed as an adjunctive therapy in patients with active RA due to its potential immunomodulatory effect, as well as for the prevention and treatment of bone metabolism disorders.
Complex elements of aerospace equipment from reaction silicon carbide ceramics
Authors: Ilyushchenko A. Ph. , Dyachkova L. N. , Osipov V. A.
Published: January 2021

The results of studying the process of obtaining complex-profile elements of the substrate of mirrors of optical telescopes from reaction-sintered silicon carbide ceramics are presented. It is shown that the strength of silicon carbide ceramics depends on the dispersion of the silicon carbide powder and on the temperature of reaction sintering. An increase in the sintering temperature from 1500 to 1650 °C leads to an increase in strength by 60 MPa, and to 1800 °C – to a decrease in strength by 40 MPa. An increase in strength is explained by a decrease in free silicon and an increase in the content of secondary silicon carbide, a decrease in strength is explained by an increase in the size of carbide grains. The study of the influence of the modes of soldering of hexagonal elements to obtain a complex-profile element of the substrate of the mirror of an optical telescope on the strength of the soldered seam showed that the introduction of silicon carbide powder 7 μm in size and amorphous boron in an amount of 6 % into the solder composition based on silicon carbide has a positive effect on the strength of the soldered seam. Tests of the brazed specimens at three-point bending showed that fracture occurs along the body of the specimens being brazed, and not the brazed seam. The structure of the brazed joint depends on the composition of the braze alloy and the gap between the samples to be brazed.
Design of mechatronic technological complexes for traditional and additive manufacturing
Authors: Kheifetz M. L.
Published: January 2021

The analysis of the stages and stages of the design of technological equipment for traditional production, studied the features of the formation of technological equipment using flows of energy and consumables. Structural synthesis of mechatronic complexes in digitalized production allowed adding new stages to the process of creating technological equipment for both traditional automated subtractive and new additive manufacturing. The processes of manufacturing parts without shaping equipment described by the algorithms according to the proposed structural diagram of connections provide an opportunity to analyze existing and develop new equipment in laminate synthesis of products. It is shown, how in the design of technological equipments for their use in new additive and traditional subtractive manufacturing, methods and schemes of laminate synthesis and shaping of parts from composite materials are used, based on the use of various energy flows and material components, as well as methods and schemes of automation and computer product manufacturing process management.
New breeding and genetic methods in pig breeding in Belarus
Authors: Sheyko I. P. , Timoshenko T. N. , Pristupa N. V. , Yanovich E. A. , Zayats V. N. , Sheyko R. I. , Kazarovets I. N. , Burnos A. C. , Kosko I. S.
Published: January 2021

Six pig breeds: Belarusian large white, Belarusian meat, Belarusian black and white, landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc are involved in breeding and hydridization of pig breeding in Belarus. More than 85 % of pigs supplied to meat processing plants of the Republic are provided by different combinations of interbreed hydridization.

For the effective development of this branch in the Republic, the Scientific-Practical Center on Animal Husbandry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus organized the system of selection and breeding work in pig breeding directed to create new competitive breeds, types, and hydrides of pigs adapted to the industrial production conditions and not inferior to the productivity of the analogs of the world selection.

The main link of this system is the first-order breeding plants (nucleus units) as new-type plants dealing with the selection and breeding of the best animals with the outstanding genetically conditioned breeding and productive qualities. The second link of this system is the first-order breeding breeders that are completed with high-valuable breeding pigs from the leading nucleus unit and are engaged in their reproduction to obtain grandparents (GP).

Assessing the level of the technological development of pig breeding in Belarus during the period to the 2030 year, we predicted the indices for the all predictable years (2020–2030). The existing level of the technological development of the pig breeding branch is assessed as the mean one. During 2020–2021 the pig breeding level will be moderate-high, during 2022– 2023 – high, and since 2025–2030 – intensive.
Optimization of technological factors of magneticelectric strengthening
Authors: Akulovich L. M. , Miranovich A. V. , Dechko M. M.
Published: January 2021

In order to determine the optimal values of technological factors for electromagnetic hardening process (EMHP), an experimental study of the process of applying ferromagnetic Fe – 2 % V powder coating on 30ХГС (GOST 4543- 71) steel parts was conducted. The process productivity and coating continuity were selected as the target parameters for the EMHP optimization. By applying the experimental design method, based on 5-factor central composite rotatable uniform plan, we have created stochastic models, expressed in regression functions of the second order. It has been determined that the magnetic induction value in the working gap is the most significant technological factor, affecting both target parameters. With the increasing induction magnitude the process productivity and the coating continuity increase non-linearly until the maximum limit value, which was attributed to the forming of current-conductive chains in the working gap, that have varying electrical conductivity and different directions relative to the lines of magnetic field forces. In order to determine the optimal EMHP mode we have solved the problems of finding maximums for greatest productivity and coating continuity within the constraints of the studied factor range. The discovered EMHP-modes, optimal for each separate parameter, coincide only in the value of the magnetic induction and the discharge density. The optimal values for the other control factors belong to different areas of factor range for different optimization parameters. To determine the EMHP modes, balanced against the both parameters, the problem of multicriteria optimization was solved. The obtained solution reveals that the density of discharge currents produces the biggest impact on the process productivity and the coating continuity within the balanced modes. At the same time the high continuity of the coating is achieved by the supplementing increase of peripheral speed of the processed workpiece, which leads to evener distribution of the intensively supplied mass of the ferromagnetic powder on the treated surface. The recommended technological modes of EMHP have been determined, based on the generalized optimality criteria.
Influence of heat treatment on thermokinetic EMF during reverse phase transition in titanium nickelide
Authors: Petrova-Burkina O. A. , Rubanik, Jr. V. V. , Rubanik V. V. , Gamzeleva T. V.
Published: January 2021

The effect of duration and annealing temperature in the range of 400–800 °C on the thermokinetic EMF value in titanium nickelide, the composition of which is close to the equi-atomic one, at a reverse phase transition was investigated. Thermokinetic EMF was measured directly using a digital millivoltmeter MNIPI V7-72. The phase and elemental composition of the alloy and the kinetics of thermoelastic phase transformations have been checked by X-ray diffraction and calorimetric studies, and X-ray microanalysis. Annealing at temperatures of 500 and 800 °C leads to an increase in the thermokinetic EMF value from 0.22 to 0.25 mV. Removal of the oxide layer from the sample surface annealed at 700 °C for 0.5 h leads to an increase in the thermokinetic EMF value from 0.22 to 0.26 mV for the 1-st thermal cycle. It was found that thermal cycling causes a decrease in the thermokinetic EMF values down to 0.98 mV for the 20th thermal cycle for the samples without an oxide layer and to 0.3 mV for the samples with an oxide layer, respectively. With the increase in annealing time up to 20 h at 700 °C, the decrease in the thermokinetic emf value to 0.16 mV was observed. The thermokinetic EMF value after heat treatment is associated with changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the alloy and characterized by a shift of the characteristic temperatures of the phase transition. The research results are important for understanding the physics of thermoelectric phenomena in shape memory alloys during nonstationary heating and can be used both to control the homogeneity of their physical and mechanical properties and to design smart actuators and sensors, mechanisms of control systems.
Assessment of production manufacturability of the design in the product life cycle
Authors: Bazrov B. M. , Kheifetz M. L. , Hurevich V. L. , Popok N. N.
Published: January 2021

On the basis of technical and economic analysis of the properties of relations between design and technological solutions, a method for the integral assessment of production manufacturability by combining individual manufacturability coefficients at different stages of the product life cycle is suggested. Separate coefficients take into account the influence degree of various constituent stages on the labor intensity of production and maintenance, repair and disposal of the product structure. Design and technological solutions in design systems imply the use of properties such as reflexivity, symmetry and transitivity. As a result, it is proposed to understand the properties set of the product design that determine its adaptability to achieve optimal costs in production and disposal for specified quality indicators and work conditions. A list of manufacturability coefficients of manufacturing a product design has been determined, including coefficients of purchase, repeatability of details and connections, material hardness, borrowing, typing, precision, roughness, mass. An examination of the effectiveness assessment the use tools, equipment and other objects of the technological environment at the stages design and technological production preparation is formalized. The examination includes an analysis of the frequency and duration of the meeting of structural parts elements and the tools state at the stages of their manufacture, operation and disposal.
Metal structure prediction in cross-wedge rolling processes
Authors: Kozhevnikova G. V. , Abramov A. A. , Klimov K. A.
Published: January 2021

A method of computer prediction of the size of metal grains, their disorientation, grain boundaries and dislocation density, depending on the modes of cross-wedge rolling, is considered. The regularities of the formation of the parameters of the metal structure depending on the stress state are revealed by methods of computer simulation. The stress state is described by two parameters: the average stress and the parameter of the third invariant of the stress deviator. The effect of the stress state in the deformation zone on the metal structure parameters was determined for the first time. The new method allows improvement of the quality of products by computer optimization of rolling modes. The results of determining the metal structure and parameters of the stress-strain state in the deformation zone during hot rolling of the water pump shaft of steel 45 are presented. The verification and analysis of the data of virtual experiments on the formation of the structure of structural steels in the processes of cross-wedge rolling are carried out. To analyze the output data of the simulation, the parameters for predicting the calculation of grain boundaries and grain size were used. The created computer model for predicting the characteristics of metal structures, depending on the modes of plastic deformation, provides, at minimal cost and without carrying out field experiments, finding the optimal thermodynamic and stress-strain modes of plastic flow of metal, which guarantee the highest operational properties of the products obtained.