bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REGULAR STRENGTH TRAINING EFFECT ON KUNG FU ATHLETES INJURIES REDUCTION
Authors: Wang Shan , He Fuxing
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: As the competitive level of martial arts keeps improving, the requirements for athletes’ skills are also getting more elevated. Against this background, implementing preventive protocols for sports practice injuries is necessary. Regular strength training is a practice that aims to prevent injuries, but the approach in Kung Fu practitioners is still empirical. Objective: Explore the effect of regular strength training on Kung Fu athletes’ exercise injury. Methods: 40 athletes with similar ages and grades are randomly grouped into control and experimental groups. While the control group practiced regular training, strength training lasting 90 minutes was implemented three times a week for five months in the experimental group. Physical test results have been analyzed before and after the experiment. Results: After a detailed analysis of the quality and ability data, the indicators are significantly different. Although the athletes in the control group also improved to varying degrees, they are not as good as those in the experimental group. Conclusion: Regular strength training has a positive impact on reducing exercise injury in martial arts athletes and helps improve the athletic level of athletes. After much regular strength training, the quality and ability of the athletes were significantly improved. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
PHYSICAL TRAINING SYSTEM ASSOCIATED WITH STRENGTHENING OF THE CORE IN YOUNG SWIMMERS
Authors: Jia Chong , Teng Yusong , Li Jinguo
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: CORE fitness training in athletes is intimately related to their performance in competitive sports. However, few academic studies are dedicated to investigating this relationship in young swimmers. Objective: Verify the association between supplementary physical training focused on the CORE in young swimmers and their athletic performance. Methods: Randomized controlled study with 20 swimmers (12 males) born post-2000 was made in aquatic training three times a week for six months. The experimental group received a specific exercise protocol with emphasis on the CORE. The physiological comparison of the data considered the total time to complete the 400 and 800-meter freestyle swim. Results: After six months, the control group obtained a reduction of 2.6s versus 3.2s of the experimental group in the 400-meter freestyle swim; performance in the 800 meters revealed a reduction of 1s for the control group versus 4.5s of the experimental group, compared to the initial measurement. Conclusion: Supplemental fitness training focused on the CORE in young swimmers is positively associated with improvements in their athletic performance. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREENING IN THE PHYSICAL FITNESS TEST IN HIGH SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS
Authors: Li Qindong
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Functional Movement Screening is a qualitative triage of human movement based on a classification and scoring system which includes seven tests to evaluate basic movement patterns where muscle limitations or asymmetries are identified. Its scale has 21 points, with 14 being the limit of normality. Adolescence is critical to improving athletic ability, and the validity of applying this screening technique to discover potential injuries is questioned. Objective: To verify the validity of functional movement screening on the early detection and correction of dysfunctional movements to implement physical fitness in adolescents. Methods: Functional movement screening was performed on students from a school. According to the screening requirements, functional movement examinations were performed before (October 2017) and after (December 2017) intervention with individual demand functional training. Results: After functional training, students’ physical fitness increased from 13.00±0.44 to 14.77±0.28 points (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of functional movement assessment can analyze the physical problems of adolescents in universities and colleges. Targeted functional training can effectively improve the physical fitness of adolescents in schools and colleges. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies – Investigating the results.
INFLUENCE IN CORE TRAINING ON PHYSICAL FITNESS OF COLLEGE ATHLETES
Authors: Hao Lina , Wang Aibo , Zhang Man
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent research shows the CORE is the central link in the kinetic chain of aerobic gymnastics. The athlete’s synchronized performances depend not only on strength but also on the balance and precision of the movements that start from this area. Although the importance of this muscle group is recognized, there is no consensus about the most effective protocol to increase performance in aerobic gymnastics athletes. Objective: Develop and verify the influence of a protocol for CORE training on the aerobic gymnasts’ balance. Methods: This paper selects high-level aerobic gymnastics athletes and randomly divides them into experimental and control groups. The experiment was conducted over eight weeks. The experimental group adopted systematic core strength training methods, and the control group continued with traditional conventional strength training methods. Volunteers were tested for physical fitness before and after the experiment. Results: Aerobic gymnastics athletes’ physical fitness and athletic abilities were significantly improved after training. Conclusion: The CORE training protocol in aerobic gymnastics athletes increased the execution quality in complex movements. Evidence Level II; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating the result.
Chemical divergence of the Juglans Regia L. across districts Swat and Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Kamil M. , Khan I. , Rauf A. , Bawazeer S. , Bawazeer S. , Rauf A. , Irfan M.
Published: May 2022

Abstract Juglans regia L. are nutritious fruit bearing plants mostly found in Northern areas of Pakistan. The population of walnuts was explored from district Dir and Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan for their geographical, climatic and chemical divergence. The geographical differences such as altitude, latitude and longitude whereas climatic differences viz. soil EC, soil pH, precipitations, intensity of light, temperature and soil temperature. In both districts TPC ranged from 211.2±0.6 to 227.8±0.4 mg/100g, RSA ranged from 43.32±1.5% to 52.18±0.4%, conductivity ranged from 296.43±0.6 to 312.22±0.3 S/m and elemental composition such as iron, copper, calcium, zinc and magnesium in Dir differs from 0.312±0.032, 0.209±0.13, 20.0±0.313, 0.406±0.10 and 10.2±0.030 mg/L to 0.543±0.65, 0.698±0.82, 28.7±0.234, 0.685±0.15 and 17.6±0.015 mg/L respectively. Altitude and temperature showed a correlation with total phenolics contents and radical scavenging activity while soil pH, precipitations, soil temperature, soil Ec and light intensity indicated a weak correlation with chemical traits of walnuts. Further studies of walnuts are needed to explore their therapeutically important phytochemicals to succeed naturally pharmaceutical nutrients of the maximum significance for the health of human beings.
Environmental sustainability assessment of softwood and hardwood seedlings production in forest nurseries: A case study from Pakistan
Authors: Yousaf A. , Hussain M. , Ahmad S. , Riaz A. , Shaukat S. , Shah S. W. A. , Mishr R. S. , Akram S. , Majeed M. , Tabassum A. , Amin M. , Jabeen F.
Published: May 2022

Abstract This article describes the environmental impacts of producing a single seedling in forest nurseries of selected districts (i.e., Haripur, Abbottabad, and Mansehra) of Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan using the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. This study was based on the cradle-to-gate approach which begins with the pre-nursery stage and progresses toward the main nursery before transplanting seedlings into the plantation site. Data or life cycle inventory (LCI) of seedling production were collected through questionnaire surveys and personal meetings with forest nurseries managers and workers regarding consumption of different inputs such as electricity, diesel, fertilizers, herbicides, and polyethylene bags, organic manure, and water consumption. The SimaPro software version 8.5 and the CML2000 v2.05 environmental model was applied to perform life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) for a single seedling production in forest nurseries in the study area. In line with the objectives of the study, primary data regarding inputs and outputs of the nurseries were collected from 35 nurseries in the study area by using a random questionnaire method. In addition, secondary data were taken from online databases such as Eco-invent v.3.2 CORRIM and peer-reviewed published literature. For this study, a functional unit of a single seedling was considered. Production weighted average data were modeled in the latest environmental modeling software i.e., SimaPro v.8.5 for ten US-EPA most wanted environmental impacts, such as global warming potential (GWP), abiotic depletion (AD), eutrophication potential (EP), acidification potential (AP), freshwater aquatic eco-toxicity (FAE), marine water eco-toxicity (MWE), terrestrial eco-toxicity (TE), ozone layer depletion (OLD), photochemical oxidation (PO), and human toxicity (HT). The results showed that the highest environmental impact posed by a single seedling was marine aquatic eco-toxicity (11.31360 kg 1,4-DB eq), followed by global warming potential (0.02945 kg CO2 eq) and (0.01227 kg 1,4-DB eq) human toxicity. The primary reason for these environmental burdens was the use of synthetic fertilizers in forest nurseries and the consumption of fossil fuels in nursery mechanization and transportation activities. The total cumulative energy demand for a single seedling was (0.800 MJ) with more than 90% contribution from fossil fuel energy resources such as petrol and diesel. It is therefore highly recommended to use renewable energy resources and organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers in forest nurseries to avoid and minimize greenhouse gas emissions (GHS) and other toxic emissions in the study area.
Factors associated with food insecurity among pregnant women assisted by Universal Health Care in Lavras - Minas Gerais State
Authors: Costa Renata Oliveira Messina , Poblacion Ana , Giudice Carolina Lourenço , Moura Lahis Cristina Morais de , Lima Adriany Aparecida Roquini , Lima Daniela Braga , Toloni Maysa Helena de Aguiar , Teixeira Lílian Gonçalves
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objectives: to investigate sociodemographic and economic factors associated with food insecurity among pregnant women assisted by the universal healthcare network of Lavras, Minas Gerais. Methods: a cross-sectional study investigated socioeconomic and demographic, obstetric, and nutritional conditions experienced by pregnant women. Households in which pregnant women lived were classified as food secure or food insecure using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Prevalence estimates and prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals were generated to test for associations between food insecurity and several socioeconomic and demographic indicators using Poisson regression analysis. Results: among 173 pregnant women who participated in the study, 48% lived in households with some level of food insecurity. Adjusted models showed that pregnant women living in food-insecure households had higher prevalence ratios of lower education attainment (aPR = 1.43, CI95% = 1.07-1.91), woman being the head of the household (aPR = 1.39, CI95% = 1.02-1.87), having family monthly income lower than 1 ½ MW (aPR = 1.68, CI95% = 1.11-2.52) and participating in the government cash transfer program (aPR = 1.47, CI95% = 1.08-1.99). Conclusions: the high prevalence of food insecurity in pregnant women assisted by the public healthcare system was associated with structural social factors. Results of this study will contribute to develop an intersectoral health and nutrition policy in order to promote food security among marginalized communities and vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women.
Cultural traits, infrastructure and feedback mechanisms as barriers to supply chain management in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Leonardo Julianelli , Marques Leonardo
Published: May 2022

Abstract: The supply chain management (SCM) practices have been consolidated as important tools for increasing productivity and, consequently, business competitiveness. This study shows that peculiar aspects of culture and infrastructure in Brazil become barriers to collaboration and integration, which helps to justify the country's difficulty in inserting its companies into global supply chains. Based on the content analysis of interviews with prominent SCM executives in the country, this work formulates a SCM model contextualized to the Brazilian reality covering three cultural traits and three infrastructural traits. Fourteen propositions offer a fine-grained analysis of feedback mechanisms between said traits that perpetuate the gap between SCM theory and the Brazilian practice, hindering the advancement of SCM in Brazil. The model offers a guide for companies that aim to unclog the bottlenecks to allow the country's participation in the complex 'dance' of the global SCM.
MOBILE APP MAPPING FOR HEART FAILURE CARE: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Cestari Virna Ribeiro Feitosa , Florêncio Raquel Sampaio , Garces Thiago Santos , Souza Lorena Campos de , Pessoa Vera Lúcia Mendes de Paula , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to map mobile apps for care in heart failure. Method: this is a scoping review based on the method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The following research question was used: which mobile apps on heart failure are used by health professionals, people with heart failure and their family/caregivers? Health bases and portals were analyzed through the search with the descriptors “Heart Failure”, “Mobile Applications”, “Patients”, “Health Personnel”, “Family” and “Caregivers” and the keyword “Applications”. Forty-seven studies were selected for analysis. Results: a total of 47 published studies were analyzed, which allowed mapping 39 mobile applications from four continents, among which 20 (51.3%) were intended for co-management and 19 (48.7%) had as target population patients and health professionals; 23 (58.9%) applications did not use theoretical framework for its construction. The prevalent theme and resources involved daily care (36; 92.3%) and data management (37; 94.9%), respectively. Conclusion: the themes and resources of the applications assisted patients, family members and professionals in heart failure management. However, a gap was identified in several themes involving individuals and their surroundings, essential for comprehensive care.
CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL DISCURSIVENESS: AN EXPLORATORY APPROACH
Authors: Aquino Julio Groppa
Published: May 2022

Abstract This study aims to analyze contemporary educational discursiveness by an exploratory immersion in 1,165 interviews given by prominent figures in education and other related fields. These interviews were published in ten Brazilian magazines of educational publicization between 1986 and 2019. Based on Foucauldian theory, the study mobilized two strategies to analyze the data regarding the interviewees and the subjects addressed, with emphasis on cataloging some key statements found during the research procedures. The results of this study show the circulation of certain normative rationalities in the wake of multiple calls to professionals, generating unsuspected effects on the educational ethos.
Relação entre capacidade funcional, estado nutricional e variáveis sociodemográficas de idosos institucionalizados
Authors: Moser Auristela Duarte , Hembecker Paula Karina , Nakato Adriane Muller
Published: May 2022

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a relação entre a capacidade funcional, o estado nutricional e as variáveis sociodemográficas de idosos residentes em instituições de longa permanência. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal conduzido com 82 idosos institucionalizados. Para a coleta de dados foram aplicados o Índice de Barthel para avaliação do grau de independência no desempenho das atividades básicas de vida diária e a Mini Avaliação Nutricional (MNA) para a avaliação do estado nutricional dos idosos. Os dados foram coletados em cinco instituições de longa permanência situadas na região Sul do Brasil. Análises de regressão logística ordinal foram realizadas para verificar as associações dos fatores contextuais com a capacidade funcional dos idosos institucionalizados Resultados A maioria dos participantes apresentou independência total no desempenho das atividades de vida diária (39,0%) e estado nutricional deficiente (59,8%). A análise de regressão ordinal multivariada demonstrou que idosos institucionalizados com maiores escores na avaliação nutricional estão associados com melhores indicadores de capacidade funcional (RC=1,33; IC 95%=1,15 a 1,54; p<0,001). Não se encontrou associação entre escolaridade, lesões por pressão, índice de massa corpórea e a capacidade funcional. Conclusão O estado nutricional é um importante preditor para a dependência de idosos institucionalizados.
Cefaleia em idosos brasileiros no contexto de infodemia de covid-19
Authors: Santos Camila Mello dos , Frichembruder Karla , Severo Marina Bittelbrunn , Gehrke Gabriela Hammes , Cavalcante Ricardo Bezerra , Bulgarelli Alexandre Fávero
Published: May 2022

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à cefaleia em idosos brasileiros no contexto de Infodemia de covid-19. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 3.307 idosos brasileiros com a utilização de um questionário virtual, autopreenchido por meio de celular, tablet ou computador com acesso à internet. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre junho de 2020 a janeiro de 2021. O modelo de análise foi composto por variáveis distribuídas em quatro blocos: variáveis exógenas, determinantes primários, comportamentos de saúde e condições de saúde. Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para estimar as associações. Resultados A prevalência de cefaleia foi de 31,7%. O desfecho esteve associado ao uso de psicofármacos, preocupação com informações sobre a covid-19, sintomas de depressão e ansiedade, e percepção de estresse. Conclusão Considera-se que ansiedade, depressão e estresse estão associados a dor de cabeça em idosos que são expostos ao excesso de informação e informações falsas sobre a covid-19.
Pesquisa científica na pós-graduação: elementos da competência informacional em formato de objeto de aprendizagem
Authors: Jacobsen Priscila Saraiva , Miletto Evandro Manara , Loureiro Carine Bueira
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Este trabalho aborda o resultado da experiência de aplicação de um objeto de aprendizagem com temáticas relacionadas à pesquisa científica e à competência informacional. Está baseado nos conceitos do Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education da Association of College and Research Libraries e nos componentes do Global Media and Information Literacy Framework da UNESCO sob a ótica do ensino de competências proposto por Zabala e Arnau. O objeto é resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado profissional que visa à investigação, à evidenciação e à inserção das temáticas no currículo de cursos de pós-graduação. Apresenta aspectos conceituais concernentes à information literacy e considerações acerca dos Frameworks. Utiliza a pesquisa-ação como procedimento técnico e tem como sujeitos de pesquisa estudantes de mestrados profissionais de um instituto federal de educação. Informa o resultado da análise de questionários aplicados antes e depois da utilização do objeto. Conclui que houve mudança de opinião dos sujeitos quanto ao uso de recursos e ferramentas na pesquisa científica e que o objeto de aprendizagem foi considerado de grande utilidade para a melhoria das atividades de pesquisa.
A funcionalidade do salário por peça no trabalho mediado por plataformas digitais
Authors: Souza Diego de Oliveira
Published: May 2022

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva demonstrar a funcionalidade do salário por peça no trabalho mediado por plataformas digitais. A partir dos pressupostos da crítica marxiana da economia política, apresenta-se os fundamentos do processo de acumulação flexível, o tipo peculiar de tecnologia que fomenta e o avanço da precarização do trabalho. Posteriormente, problematiza-se o trabalho mediado pelas plataformas digitais como corolário desse regime de acumulação, em face da crise estrutural. Constata-se que a suposta mediação consiste em elaborado mecanismo de controle do trabalho, no qual o salário por peça exerce importante papel, mesmo sob a pecha do fim do assalariamento.
Tradução das teorias raciais no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Ferraz Fabiane Barbosa , Simioni Rafael Lazzarotto
Published: May 2022

Resumo: A pesquisa tem como objetivo a formação das relações raciais no Brasil, partindo da análise da inclusão das teorias raciais no contexto de um país marcado pela mestiçagem. O ponto de partida foi refletir sua formação a partir da conjuntura pós-independência, momento em que era necessário pensar uma nova identidade para o povo que já era condenado pela mistura racial. A investigação foi realizada por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, buscou-se reorganizar um possível caminho percorrido pela formação do racismo no Brasil, partindo da reflexão do prisma científico das explicações das diferenças entre as raças e como se inseriram no pensamento social da época.
Prevalência racial e de gênero no perfil de docentes do ensino superior
Authors: Ferreira Edimara Maria , Teixeira Karla Maria Damiano , Ferreira Marco Aurelio Marques
Published: May 2022

Resumo: A partir de uma abordagem interseccional e da análise dos microdados do Censo da Educação Superior, referente ao ano de 2018, este estudo teve por objetivo verificar o perfil racial e de gênero de docentes do magistério superior de instituições públicas e privadas. Para tanto, buscou-se, por meio de testes estatísticos e modelos de análise multivariada, verificar se existe primazia racial ou de gênero, além de prevalência de outros quesitos na ocupação do cargo de docência superior. Constatou-se a existência de disparidades raciais e de gênero na docência superior, sendo prevalentes os docentes brancos e do sexo masculino. Além disso, observaram-se associações significativas em relação à interseção de gênero e raça na ocupação deste espaço. A idade e a atuação profissional e o fato de ser uma instituição pública ou privada condicionaram as chances de homens não brancos e de mulheres em geral atuarem no ensino superior. Esses elementos sustentam a tese de primazia racial e de gênero amplamente discutidas na literatura especializada.
Contribuições para o aprofundamento do debate étnico-racial na formação em serviço social a partir de Lélia Gonzalez
Authors: Santos Thamires Costa Meirelles dos
Published: May 2022

Resumo: O presente artigo objetiva contribuir para a visibilidade da trajetória acadêmica-militante e do legado intelectual de Lélia Gonzalez, buscando apresentar ao Serviço Social aportes para o avanço e maturação do debate étnico-racial na formação profissional. Parte-se da hipótese que a ampla bagagem intelectual de Lélia, dada sua relevância para o Movimento Negro brasileiro e para o pensamento social crítico, possua contribuições fundamentais para a compreensão do racismo e do sexismo na particularidade brasileira e, das formas de resistências organizadas ante a eles, possibilitando a apreensão de categorias-chave para a incorporação efetiva e transversal do debate étnico-racial à formação em Serviço Social.
ESTUDOS SOBRE A IRONIA EM MEMÓRIAS PÓSTUMAS DE BRÁS CUBAS: UMA FENDA NA VOZ DO NARRADOR NARCISISTA
Authors: LEAL LUCIANA BRANDÃO
Published: May 2022

Resumo Este artigo propõe uma leitura de Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas, de Machado de Assis, a partir da perspectiva irônica do narrador, tema já amplamente estudado por críticos da obra machadiana. Apresenta-se uma revisão de literatura sobre a ironia nessa obra machadiana, por se tratar de um conceito basilar para interpretação da narrativa. As passagens irônicas tangenciam temas da sociedade brasileira do século XIX e se desdobram nos conceitos que nos fazem problematizar a modernidade, tempo em que se percebe a ditadura de padrões de ultranarcisismo. Os conceitos de "ironia", "riso", assim como os subsídios teóricos trazidos pela fortuna crítica do autor, foram fundamentais para o desenvolvimento das ideias propostas nesta análise, que sugerem a polifonia presente no texto e na própria voz narrativa.
Bioética de protección de Schramm y Kottow: principios, alcances y conversaciones
Authors: Possamai Verônica Ribeiro , Siqueira-Batista Rodrigo
Published: May 2022

Resumen La bioética de protección constituye una ética teórico-práctica propuesta a partir del reconocimiento de que el principialismo no basta para abordar los conflictos en el campo de la salud pública, área en que originalmente se centró los esfuerzos de la reciente corriente bioética. Con la creciente globalización y las desigualdades sociales, existen seres y poblaciones que tienen amenazados sus derechos básicos, por lo que la bioética de protección pretende ofrecerles amparo hasta que puedan ser capaces de buscar su calidad de vida de manera autónoma (siempre que posible). Con base en estas consideraciones preliminares, este artículo pretende aclarar los aspectos históricos, los elementos conceptuales y el alcance actual de la bioética de protección, realizando posibles articulaciones con otras corrientes bioéticas, como la ética del cuidado y la (bio)ética para todos los seres, con el fin de fomentar la reflexión sobre los actuales conflictos éticos en el ámbito de la salud, lato sensu , y la salud pública, estricto sensu .
Ethical dilemmas during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lima Ana Flávia Silva , Silva Eli Borges de Freitas , Guimarães Marcela das Neves , Comassetto Isabel , Santos Regina Maria dos
Published: May 2022

Abstract This article aims to reflect on the ethical dilemmas faced by health professionals, patients and family members during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic raised ethical issues in health caused by the lack of material and human resources and the fear of the unknown. Patients and family members were also affected by social distancing in hospitalization and mourning. Health profissionals faced ethical dilemmas that raise questions about the duty to assist patients and the guarantee of personal safety, dealing with the challenge of acting ethically amid work overload and insecurity of the context. The family and patients face a scenario of adaptation of health care with the lack of technologies that allow feelings of care in the face of the need for distancing, including in the process of farewell rituals of the late. Investments in health can thus drive changes in care, in compliance with social justice and respect for human dignity.
Comprensión de la muerte en la mirada de niños hospitalizados
Authors: Alencar Vanilla Oliveira , Nascimento Isabel Regiane Cardoso do , Santos Igo Borges dos , Almeida Luana Mara Pinheiro
Published: May 2022

Resumen El propósito de este artículo es presentar cómo los niños hospitalizados comprenden el concepto de muerte, además de suscitar reflexiones sobre el tema de la muerte en la infancia. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con niños de 7 a 12 años, utilizando la narración como recurso lúdico para la recolección de datos. Los principales resultados mostraron que los niños estructuran el concepto de muerte de forma multidimensional, abarcando factores biológicos, espirituales, socioculturales y emocionales. Insertados en el contexto de la hospitalización, se acercan a la temática de la muerte, sensibilizándose. Por lo tanto, demuestran la necesidad de escuchar y acoger los sentimientos que surgen ante la pérdida de un ser querido o incluso ante la posibilidad del final de la propia vida.
Advance directives in a hospital emergency department
Authors: Gomes Paula Azambuja , Goldim José Roberto
Published: May 2022

Abstract Patient participation in planning their health care means respecting the patient’s right to self-determination. In this sense, this study aimed to examine the position of doctors working in the Hospital Emergency Service of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre regarding patient advance directives. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 32 physicians. Most participants (81.3%) declared to have knowledge about advance directives, but only 6.3% declared having sufficient knowledge; 87.5% were in favor of their use and the patient’s will was considered decisive in three of the four scenarios presented; and 84.4% considered that specific legislation on the matter is necessary in addition to Resolution 1995/2012 of the Federal Council of Medicine. Our results allowed us to conclude that most physicians had prior knowledge about advance directives and were in favor of using this type of document in hospital emergency care.
Problemas morais e/ou éticos em comitês de ética em pesquisa
Authors: Barata Rosinete Souza , Anjos Karla Ferraz dos , Barbosa Ana Angélica Leal , Barbosa Adriana Silva , Santana Kleverton Bacelar , Rosa Darci de Oliveira Santa
Published: May 2022

Resumo O objetivo do estudo é analisar problemas morais e/ou éticos vivenciados por membros de comitês de ética em pesquisa durante suas atividades e as estratégias utilizadas para solucionar esses problemas. Trata-se de pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, com participação de 39 membros que atuavam em comitês em Salvador/BA, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em outubro de 2020 por questionário on-line autoaplicado na plataforma Google Forms. Os resultados evidenciaram: vivências de conflitos de interesses e de valores, bem como dilemas; e utilização de trocas de experiências e compartilhamento de ideias e opiniões como estratégias para solucionar esses problemas. Conclui-se que os membros desses comitês vivenciam problemas morais e/ou éticos e buscam solucioná-los por meio de estratégias que favorecem o desenvolvimento de pesquisas conforme critérios éticos e metodológicos adequados.
Medical demographics in municipalities in extreme poverty in Brazil
Authors: Luizeti Bárbara Okabaiasse , Lima Carlos Henrique de , Garcia Lucas França , Massuda Ely Mitie
Published: May 2022

Abstract This article aimed to analyze the distribution of medical professionals linked to the Brazilian Unified Health System in municipalities in extreme poverty in the country. This is an observational, longitudinal and retrospective study based on secondary data provided by the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System. In total, 16,267 physicians were identified, of which 1,360 worked in the private network and 14,907 in the public network. The regional distribution is as follows: 1,284 in the North; 9,186 in the Northeast; 3,071 in the Southeast; 837 in the South; and 529 in the Midwest. Among Brazilian municipalities in extreme poverty, 12.2% have three physicians; 10.7% of two physicians; and 9.2% of only one. The primary outcomes related to the demographics of medical personnel municipalities in extreme poverty show the disproportion in the distribution of professionals among Brazilian cities. The implementation of health policies that promote the equity of such demographics in the country is suggested.
Bioethical reflections on the access of transgender individuals to public health
Authors: Silva Renato Canevari Dutra da , Silva Ana Bárbara de Brito , Alves Fernanda Cunha , Ferreira Kemilly Gonçalves , Nascimento Lizza Dalla Valle , Alves Maryanna Freitas , Canevari Carlabianca Cabral de Jesus
Published: May 2022

Abstract In Brazil, transgender individuals, those whose gender identity differs from the assigned biological sex, are marginalized by society and face difficulties in accessing the Unified Health System. This study sought to identify these difficulties by carrying out an integrative review of papers published in the SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, Virtual Campus for Public Health, Base de Dados de Enfermagem, and ColecionaSUS databases, in the last five years. Of the 26 articles found, only nine met the inclusion criteria. Based on their references other nine papers were included, thus totaling 18. Results point to the following difficulties encountered: hostility in care; disrespect for the social name; technical and scientific unpreparedness of professionals; difficulty of access to gender reassignment procedures; and prejudice. It is therefore of paramount importance to implement interventions to minimize segregation, and invest in further research on this topic.
Reflexiones bioéticas sobre el acceso de los transexuales a la salud pública
Authors: Silva Renato Canevari Dutra da , Silva Ana Bárbara de Brito , Alves Fernanda Cunha , Ferreira Kemilly Gonçalves , Nascimento Lizza Dalla Valle , Alves Maryanna Freitas , Canevari Carlabianca Cabral de Jesus
Published: May 2022

Resumen En Brasil, los transexuales, individuos cuya identidad de género diverge del sexo biológico, son marginados por la sociedad y encuentran dificultades para acceder al Sistema Único de Salud. El presente estudio trató de identificar dichas dificultades por medio de la revisión integradora de artículos publicados en los últimos cinco años en las bases SciELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, Campus Virtual de Saúde Pública, Base de Dados de Enfermagem y ColecionaSUS. Se obtuvieron 26 artículos, de los cuales solo nueve cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, y, con base en sus referencias, se incluyeron otros 9, lo que resultó en 18 trabajos. Los resultados constataron las siguientes dificultades: hostilidad en la atención; falta de respeto al nombre social; falta de preparación técnico-científica de los profesionales; dificultad de acceso a los procedimientos de transgenitalización; y prejuicio. Por lo tanto, es esencial aplicar intervenciones para minimizar la segregación de estas personas, así como para promover más investigaciones en esta área.
Social representations overrun and tarnished by cyberbullying
Authors: Aleixo Rosana Aparecida Rennó Moreira , Engelman Miriam de Fátima Brasil
Published: May 2022

Abstract Information and communication technologies are gaining prominence as influencers of cognitive performance, given the speed with which information is generated and disseminated, changing personal and professional relations. If, on the one hand, this provides evolution and transformation, on the other, it can cause harm, such as cyberbullying – violence that silently hurts people. Such scenario requires reflection and bioethical action. This study sought to understand the perception of cyberbullying in professional and personal daily life. This exploratory and quantitative research by convenience was carried out with 35 public servants from the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the South of Minas Gerais. Results were discussed based on the literature about information and communication technology, digital violence and, mainly, bioethics.
Factors associated with premature birth: a case-control study
Authors: Defilipo Érica Cesário , Chagas Paula Silva de Carvalho , Drumond Carolyne de Miranda , Ribeiro Luiz Cláudio
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, reproductive, behavioral, and health-care factors associated with preterm birth. Methods: Case-control study, with case group composed of preterm infants and the control group by full term live births. Each case was paired with two controls according to sex and date of birth. Interviews were carried out with the mothers, as well as analysis of medical records. A logistic regression model was used for data analysis following the hierarchical order of entry of the blocks. Results: 221 live births were allocated in the case group and 442 in the control group. After analysis adjusted for other factors under study, the highest chances of prematurity were associated with being the first child (OR 1.96; 95%CI 1.34–2.86; p=0.001); mothers with the highest income (OR 2.08; 95%CI 1.41–3.08; p<0.001), mothers with previous preterm births (OR 3.98; 95%CI 2.04–7.79; p<0.001), mothers that suffered violence during pregnancy (OR 2.50; 95%CI 1.31–4.78; p=0.005) and underwent cesarean section (OR 2.35; 95%CI 1.63–3.38; p<0.001). Live births to mothers who had more than six prenatal consultations had a lower risk of prematurity (OR 0.39; 95%CI 0.26–0.58; p<0.001). Conclusions: The factors associated with a higher chance of prematurity were: higher family income, previous preterm child, primiparity, violence against pregnant women and cesarean section. Having attended more than six prenatal visits was associated with a lower chance of premature birth. Violence against pregnant women showed a strong and consistent association, remaining in all final models, and should serve as an alert for the population and professionals.
Association between patterns of sedentary time and academic performance in adolescents: the mediating role of self-concept
Authors: Bueno Maria Raquel de Oliveira , Werneck André de Oliveira , Silva Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da , Oyeyemi Adewale Luqman. , Zambrin Lidyane Ferreira , Fernandes Romulo Araújo , Serassuelo Junior Helio , Romanzini Marcelo , Ronque Enio Ricardo Vaz
Published: May 2022

Abstract Objective: To analyze the association between the pattern of sedentary time (bouts and breaks) with academic performance, with an emphasis on the mediating role of self-concept. Methods: Participants in the cross-sectional study were 394 adolescents (208 girls), aged 10–14 years, from sixth grade from Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. The sedentary time pattern was measured through accelerometry. Definitions: sedentary bouts — uninterrupted periods of sedentary behavior; breaks — non-sedentary period between two sedentary bouts. The self-concept was estimated using the Piers-Harris II Inventory. Academic performance was obtained by school grades. Results: Short sedentary bouts were associated with higher academic performance in boys (1–4 minutes: β=0.035, p=0.007) and girls (1–4 minutes: β=0.031, p=0.014; 5–14 minutes: β=0.054, p=0.001). Long bouts (30 minutes) were associated with lower academic performance in boys (β=-0.023; p=0.011) and girls (β=-0.032; p<0.001). For girls, total and intellectual self-concept mediated the association between all sedentary pattern and academic performance (bouts 1–4 minutes [total: 39% and intellectual: 42.8%]; bouts 5–14 minutes [total: 21.5% and intellectual: 35.4%]; bouts ≥30 minutes [total: 22.6% and intellectual: 32.3%]; and breaks [total: 38.9% and intellectual: 40.7%]). For boys, the total (56.4%) and intellectual (82.9%) self-concept mediated only the association between bouts of 5–14 minute and academic performance. Conclusions: The pattern of sedentary time is associated with academic performance in adolescents and this association is mediated by self-concept, especially in girls.
Metodologia de análise espacial para priorização das áreas de aplicação do Parcelamento, Edificação ou Utilização Compulsórios (PEUC) em vazios urbanos no município de Vila Velha, Espírito Santo
Authors: Ferreira Giovanilton André Carretta , Mozine Tayná Oliveira , Ferreira Gilton Luis
Published: May 2022

Resumo O Parcelamento, Edificação ou Utilização Compulsórios (PEUC) é um dos principais instrumentos urbanísticos, previsto na legislação brasileira com o intuito de garantir o cumprimento da função social da propriedade urbana. A ausência de disposições legais acerca da definição sobre a priorização do universo de imóveis a ser notificado, bem como as reduzidas experiências de aplicação do referido instrumento, no país, justificam a pesquisa. O objetivo central foi definir uma metodologia de análise espacial que permitisse identificar e priorizar as áreas para aplicação do PEUC em vazios urbanos. Adotou-se como objeto de estudo o município de Vila Velha, localizado na região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória, no estado do Espírito Santo. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram o uso dos Sistemas de Informação geográfica articulado com a metodologia de Análise Multicritérios e o grupo focal de especialistas para a ponderação. Os resultados demonstraram que a metodologia contribui para a definição de uma “estratégia espaço-temporal” que direcione a aplicação do PEUC, permitiu uma análise espacial detalhada do universo notificável e a priorização para aplicação do instrumento em Vila Velha, bem como a indicação que os esforços da municipalidade podem ser iniciados pela Regional Administrativa 1 - Centro e nos lotes acima de 2.000 m².
Análise das implicações profissionais de trabalhadores de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial do interior do Nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Pinheiro Eslia Maria Nunes , Borges Flávio Adriano , Lima Núbia Maria Freire Vieira , Severo Ana Kalliny de Sousa
Published: May 2022

Este estudo analisou práticas profissionais de trabalhadores de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (Caps), com ênfase nas implicações profissionais com a instituição Saúde Mental. Compõe uma pesquisa-intervenção que utilizou o referencial teórico-metodológico da Análise Institucional, destacando a Socioclínica Institucional. O trabalho aconteceu em um Caps II de uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Norte entre maio de 2019 e outubro de 2020. Os dados foram produzidos por meio de cinco rodas de conversa, utilizando princípios da Educação Permanente em Saúde, sete entrevistas individuais e diário de pesquisa. As análises produzidas fizeram certas instituições ligadas ao cuidado em Saúde Mental falarem, conduzindo os trabalhadores a movimentos instituintes. O estudo aponta questões importantes para direcionar políticas públicas e estratégias de formação continuada.
Medos, desejos e preocupações acerca da sindemia de Covid-19 e sofrimento psíquico: experiências extensionistas no sul da Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Antônio José Costa , Silva Gabriela Andrade da
Published: May 2022

Este artigo analisa as relações entre políticas públicas de enfrentamento da Covid-19, desinformação da população e sofrimento psíquico por meio da integração de resultados de duas experiências extensionistas ocorridas no mesmo território e mesmo período de tempo: “Tira dúvidas sobre a Covid” (TDC), programa de rádio que respondia a perguntas dos ouvintes; e “Plantão Psicológico On-line” (PPO), que tem oferecido atendimento emergencial durante a pandemia. Foi realizada análise qualiquantitativa de perguntas direcionadas por ouvintes ao quadro radiofônico e de preocupações sobre a pandemia manifestadas por usuários do PPO no formulário de inscrição para o atendimento. Concluiu-se que a desinformação agravou o contexto de crise, não apenas ampliando as infecções e os óbitos, mas elevando também o sofrimento psíquico. A propagação de notícias falsas e o aumento de problemas de Saúde Mental durante a pandemia são, pois, faces do mesmo fenômeno complexo.
Knowledge as a curricular response
Authors: Costa Hugo Heleno Camilo , Lopes Alice Ribeiro Casimiro
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT The article focuses the debate on knowledge in the curriculum field, arguing that the conflict over this name marks the dynamism of a given curricular thought response that seeks to control what is read as lacking in itself, the otherness. Initially, with the contribution of the studies by Derrida and Laclau, it interprets policy as constituted through contingent processes of subjectivation in relation to otherness. In the following section, it discusses productions considered iconic in the field of curriculum, highlighting the tensions involved in the meaning of knowledge and how such conflicts tend to limit debate in the field. It concludes by highlighting that the reiteration of knowledge as property projects a binarism in curricular thinking, through the view of knowledge as data or as related to the subject-producing experience. It argues that this dynamic outlines a curricular subjectivation that aims to close the meaning of itself via control of the other.
Remuneração docente em contexto de austeridade fiscal: uma análise das redes municipais de ensino dos estados de Mato Grosso do Sul e do Paraná
Authors: Gouveia Andréa Barbosa , Fernandes Maria Dilnéia Espíndola , Ferraz Marcos Alexandre dos Santos
Published: May 2022

RESUMO O artigo objetivou verificar a remuneração docente em redes municipais de ensino de dois estados da federação brasileira, Mato Grosso do Sul e Paraná, mediante os registros da Relação Anual de Informações Sociais, em anos selecionados (de 2008 a 2018), período entrecortado pelo contexto da austeridade fiscal implantada pela aprovação da emenda constitucional n. 95/2016. Trabalhou-se com os dados registrados na Relação Anual de Informações Sociais e com a legislação educacional. Verificou-se que a aprovação da emenda em questão interrompeu um ciclo de políticas de valorização docente que estava em curso na interseção da política educacional da União com as unidades federativas. Ainda que o setor educacional, por meio de suas entidades, tenha apresentado resistência para garantir conquistas recentes, o contexto de austeridade fiscal já conduz a perdas significativas no que tange à remuneração docente, que colocam em situação de risco a manutenção e a ampliação do direito à educação.
Teachers’ compensation and fiscal austerity: an analysis of municipal education networks in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraná
Authors: Gouveia Andréa Barbosa , Fernandes Maria Dilnéia Espíndola , Ferraz Marcos Alexandre dos Santos
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT This paper analyzed teacher compensation in municipal networks in two Brazilian states, Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraná, according to the Annual Social Information Report (Relação Anual de Informações Sociais), from 2008 to 2018. The period was characterized by fiscal austerity policies implemented after the approval of Constitutional Amendment no. 95/2016. The data were extracted from Relação Anual de Informações Sociais and relevant educational legislation was consulted. The approval of the Amendment interrupted a cycle of teacher appreciation policies that had been in place at the intersection between the federal government’s education policy and that of each Brazilian state. Although the educational sector, through its entities, has shown resistance to ensure recent achievements, the context of fiscal austerity has led to significant losses in terms of teacher compensation, which has put the maintenance and expansion of the right to education at risk.
Influência da adição de resíduo de pneu em matriz de SEBS para aplicação em pisos industriais
Authors: Neis Mariana , Santana Ruth Marlene Campomanes , Morisso Fernando Dal Pont
Published: May 2022

RESUMO O descarte inadequado de pneus representa um grave problema ambiental, pois seu elevado tempo de decomposição, aliado ao seu descarte incorreto, o torna uma grande ameaça aos recursos naturais, causando contaminação de solos e rios, além de enfermidades provocadas pelo acúmulo de resíduos e água em seu interior, proliferando vírus e bactérias. Dentre as alternativas possíveis de reutilização deste resíduo é possível optar por sua incorporação em outros materiais, o que além de torná-lo um resíduo economicamente atrativo, possibilita que sejam desenvolvidas novas composições de materiais com propriedades diferenciadas. A proposta deste trabalho consiste na adição de resíduo de pneu em matriz de elastômero termoplástico SEBS (copolímero de estireno - etileno/butileno - estireno). Em um primeiro momento avaliou-se a influência do tamanho de grão do resíduo. Foram utilizados grãos de tamanhos de 12, 24 e 35 mesh. Após a realização de ensaios físicos, térmicos e mecânicos, que permitiram a escolha da melhor granulometria, variou-se a concentração de resíduo em 10, 20 e 30% em massa de SEBS. Os resultados mostraram que o composto desenvolvido com granulometria de 12 mesh, em concentração de 10% em massa de SEBS, mostrou-se a composição com melhores propriedades mecânicas, o que sugere sua vantagem em aplicação em pisos industriais.