bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural remanent magnetization characteristics of the upper unconsolidated sedimentary sequence of a drill core (20HCL04) from the Jeokjung-Chogye basin (impact crater), South Korea: Preliminary implication of multiple possible geomagnetic excursions within persistent normal-polarity state and notes toward magneto-chronostratigraphic contribution
Authors: AHN Hyeon-Seon , Lee Jin-Young , Yamamoto Yuhji , Nahm Wook-Hyun
Published: April 2023

In the Jeokjung-Chogye Basin, southeastern Korean Peninsula, presumed to be a Quaternary meteorite impact crater, an azimuthally non-oriented drill sediment core (called 20HCL04; up to 66.0 m depth) was retrieved. We conducted paleomagnetic and mineral magnetic investigation on samples from the unconsolidated sedimentary sequence of 14.0–42.0 m-depth interval of the core (collectively, 747 discrete subsamples with high subsampling density), to provide independent constraints on the chronologic framework for the core. Comprehensive mineral magnetic analyses suggest the existence of low-coercivity magnetic minerals, probably magnetite and greigite, as major remanence carriers, which contribute to natural remanent magnetizations (NRMs) in parts of the horizons. Fortunately, careful analyses of the progressive alternating field (AF) demagnetization results allow the determination of a reasonably stable characteristic remanence (ChRM) component. Relative paleointensity (RPI) can be putatively estimated by adopting the ratio of the NRM intensity after 30 mT AF demagnetization normalized by the initial magnetic susceptibility as the RPI proxy candidate. A reasonable magnetostratigraphic record consisting of ChRM inclinations and putative RPI values could be reconstructed by conservatively excluding data that might be potentially greigite-carried due to the large uncertainty in remanence acquisition. The reconstruction allows us to recognize that the entire analyzed sequence corresponds to a single persistent normal-polarity chron, in which there are multiple, large-amplitude directional swings associated with remarkable RPI lowering, indicating the recording of geomagnetic excursion events. Currently, at least six separate excursion events are considered to be recorded. Combined with current knowledge on geomagnetic excursions, particularly from the Brunhes period, our results can reasonably estimate the timescale of the 28 m-long sediment formation, which is likely in the order of one- to several-hundreds of kyr. Although the age-depth relationship for the core remains to be ascertained, current data recording large-amplitude fluctuations associated with geomagnetic excursions provide a valuable basis for establishing the age-depth relationship and the ultimate aim of high-fidelity chronologies of basin-filling sediments and basin-forming impact cratering. Moreover, the current data and further magnetic investigations could potentially highlight the ancient geomagnetic field nature during and across a single excursion event, in addition to regional paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental changes.
Quality by design-based development and optimization of fourth-generation ternary solid dispersion of standardized Piper Longum extract for melanoma therapy
Authors: Mohapatra Debadatta , Kumar Dulla Naveen , Shreya Singh , Pandey Vivek , Dubey Pawan K. , Agarwal Ashish Kumar , Sahu Alakh N.
Published: April 2023

The study aimed to enhance the solubility, dissolution, and oral bioavailability of standardized Piper longum fruits ethanolic extract (PLFEE) via fourth-generation ternary solid dispersion (SD) for melanoma therapy. With the use of solvent evaporation method, the standardized PLFEE was formulated into SD, optimized using Box-Wilson's Central Composite Design (CCD), and evaluated for pharmaceutical performance and in-vivo anticancer activity against melanoma (B16F10) bearing C57BL/6 mice. The optimized SD showed good accelerated stability, high yield, drug content, and content uniformity for bioactive marker piperine (PIP). The X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) analysis revealed its amorphous nature. The Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) revealed the compatibility of excipients with the PLFEE. The contact angle measurement and in-vitro dissolution study revealed good wetting of SD and improved dissolution profile as compared to the plain PLFEE. The in-vivo oral bioavailability of SD reflected a significant (p<0.05) improvement in bioavailability (Frel = 188.765%) as compared to plain extract. The in-vivo tumor regression study revealed the improved therapeutic activity of SD as compared to plain PLFEE. Further, the SD also improved the anticancer activity of Dacarbazine (DTIC) as an adjuvant therapy. The overall result revealed the potential of developed SD for melanoma therapy either alone or as an adjuvant therapy with DTIC.
A Nonlinear Parametric Resonance Analysis of Planar Beam Structures Using Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element Method
Authors: Li Yuchun , Shen Chao , Que Zhang
Published: April 2023

The parametric resonance of a frame structure may lead to a disastrous consequence. Structural engineers need a straightforward and practical method to calculate the large nonlinear parametric resonance responses of the frame structure for assessing structural safety. This paper reports on a new Vector Form Intrinsic Finite Element (VFIFE) method to analyse the nonlinear parametric resonance of planar beam structures. By taking into account the geometric stiffness effect of the internal axial force for the frame element, a relationship between internal nodal forces and deformation components is firstly established based on the VFIFE principle and the parametric resonance mechanism of frame structures. The VFIFE scheme is then developed to analyse the nonlinear parametric resonance of frame structures. To demonstrate the efficacy of this approach, a simply-supported beam is used as a numerical example, and the resulting VFIFE calculations are compared to the solutions obtained by current analytical methods. A parametric resonance test of the cantilever beam is conducted to verify the applicability of the VFIFE method. The numerical results show that this approach can overcome the limitations of existing analytical methods, well simulate the nonlinear phenomena of parametric resonances, and produce predictions that are consistent with experimental observations. The numerical stability boundary of parametric resonance agrees well with the experimental boundary. Possible causes of deviations between the numerical and experimental results are discussed. The proposed VFIFE method is a simple and effective means of analyzing the stability and nonlinear responses of parametric resonance of planar beam structures.
Nitrates in Turkish waters: Sources, mechanisms, impacts, and mitigation
Authors: Erşahin Sabit , Bilgili Bayram C
Published: April 2023

Intensive technological developments, rapid population growth, unplanned urbanization, and excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers have caused water resources to be contaminated substantially by nitrates in Turkey as well as across the world as evidenced by the accumulated scientific information. The information should be evaluated to draw a nationwide attention to the problem. The aim of this review article was to highlight the importance of nitrate (NO3) contamination and to discuss the measures to be taken to mitigate nitrate contamination across the nation. Significant number of the peer-reviewed scientific articles were examined to identify anthropogenic sources, spatial and temporal variability, and contamination mechanisms of the nitrate contamination of the water resources across Turkey. Agriculture, especially chemical fertilizers used in irrigated agriculture, was the most important source of nitrates in groundwater. Also, the industrial and domestic discharges from highly populated and industrialized regions were significant sources of nitrates in the water resources. The most severe and widespread nitrate contamination occurred in the regions where intensive agriculture, industrial development, and rapid urbanization coincided. Drinking waters have been exposed to a significant nitrate contamination in many regions across the nation, raising a serious health concern to the people. A well-developed action plan is urgent for mitigating nitrate contamination in Turkish waters to avoid further degradation of those valuable resources.
Development of novel wheat-rye 6RS small fragment translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance and physical mapping of the resistance gene PmW6RS
Authors: Wang Jing , Han Guohao , Liu Hong , Yan Hanwen , Cao Lijun , Zhou Yilin , An Diaoguo
Published: April 2023

Rye (Secale cereale L., RR) contains valuable genes for wheat improvement. However, most of the rye resistance genes have not been successfully used in wheat cultivars. Identification of new rye resistance genes and transfer these genes to wheat by developing small fragment translocation lines will make these genes more usable for wheat breeding. In this study, a broad-spectrum powdery mildew resistance gene PmW6RS was located on rye chromosome arm 6RS using a new set of wheat-rye disomic and telosomic addition lines. To further study and use PmW6RS, 164 wheat-rye 6RS translocation lines were developed by 60Coγ ray irradiation. Seedling and adult stage powdery mildew resistance analysis showed that 106 of the translocation lines were resistant. Physical map of 6RS was constructed using the 6RS translocation and deletion lines, and PmW6RS was located in the 6RS-0.58-0.66-bin, flanked by markers X6RS-3 and X6RS-10 corresponding to the physical interval of 50.23-68.61 Mb, and was 18.38 Mb in Weining rye genome. A total of 23 resistance-related genes were annotated. Nine markers co-segregate with the 6RS-0.58-0.66-bin, which can be used to rapidly trace the 6RS fragment carrying PmW6RS. Small fragment translocation lines with powdery mildew resistance were backcrossed with wheat major cultivars and 39 homozygous 6RS small fragment translocation lines were obtained. In conclusion, this study not only provide novel gene source and germplasms for wheat resistance breeding, but also laid solid foundation for further cloning of PmW6RS.
Lost in the loop - A qualitative study on patient experiences of care in standardized patient pathways
Authors: Solberg Monica , Berg Geir Vegard , Andreassen Hege Kristin
Published: April 2023

Background
The Norwegian health authorities introduced standardized cancer patient pathways in 2015, aiming to reduce practice variations across hospitals and regions, and improve the continuity, coordination and overall quality of the health care service provided to cancer patients. Health service research has investigated the organisational and economic benefits of standardized pathways, whereas the element of care and the patient perspective has gained less attention. In this article we explore the care element in cancer patient pathways through an in-depth study of patient experiences.
Methods
Through a longitudinal qualitative design with in-depth patient interviews conducted during 2018–2021, we built a corpus of data on patient experiences from before, during and after treatment. The patients were enrolled approximately three years after the introduction of standardized cancer patient pathways in Norway. The empirical catchment area was eastern Norway. We did a thematic analysis driven by our analytical question on patient experiences of care, i.e., a theoretical thematic analysis. In the analytical work we were interested in the patients’ detailed stories as well as identifying what underlying ideas of care were shaping the patients experiences of the health service.
Results
The patient interviewees described it as a challenge that the cancer patient pathways were time-limited, with a clear start and stop, whereas their experience and understanding of the cancer diagnosis extended into their past and future lives. They further experienced that the services they received were fragmented, that there was a lack of continuity and collaboration within and between different health services, and that the help they received had a bio-medical focus on treatment only.
Conclusions
We conclude that cancer patient pathways offer good medical treatment, but that the care element deserves more attention. Current CPPs are trapped in a logic of choice, preventing room for the element of care to receive the attention it requires for the patient to truly experience holistic person-centred care and continuous, well-coordinated services.
A novel computed tomography-based three-column MLP classification of intertrochanteric fracture
Authors: Jiang Qilong , Bai Xinwen , Deng Yu , Hong Hao , Li Jun , Cao Yong , Peng Xiaoyu , Li Yan
Published: April 2023

Background :The aim of the present study was to introduce a novel three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT)-based three-column classification (named “MLP classification system”) of intertrochanteric fracture, and evaluate its reproducibility and reliability.Methods :From September 2020 to September 2022, a total of 258 consecutive patients (60 male, 198 female; mean age 81.3 years) with intertrochanteric fracture were included in this study. The fracture in each case was assessed using a novel three-dimension computed tomography-based three-column classification. Two examiners tested the intra and inter-observer reliability of this new classification system using kappa variance.Results :Intertrochanteric region was divided into medial column, lateral column and posterior column. Intertrochanteric fractures were documented as M0/1/2L0/1/2/3P0/1/2/3. All fractures were classifiable into the new classification system. The intra and inter-observer kappa value were 0.91 and 0.82 respectively, indicating almost perfect reliability.Conclusion :This novel 3DCT-based MLP classification system for intertrochanteric fractures is comprehensive, reproducible with good agreement. It is based on proximal femur biomechanic characteristics and traumatic mechanism, contributing to formulate more reasonable treatment protocols involving various late-model internal fixation systems.
Characterization and selection by optical absorption and emission spectrophotometry of a series of red dyes capable of destroying far UV rays by absorption
Authors: Rached Zakaria , Nouairi Mohammed El-Amine , Ghallem Bachir Raho , Amrani Wahiba , Bellil Ali
Published: April 2023

The far ultraviolet rays are harmful to human health, particularly for their mutagenic effects; it can cause skin cancer, cataracts, photochemical pollution. In the future, chemists plan to use it as weapons for the destruction of objects. Therefore, we should meet this future challenge by scientific means in order to snuff out its far-ultraviolet rays. In this paper, we’ve intend to carry out a deep spectral study on a series of red dyes such as: beet red; congo red; methyl red; neutral red; phenol red and carminic acid, to find out which are able to damage far ultraviolet rays by absorption. The experimental results have been carried out in our laboratory; have shown that certain red pigments have an ability to absorb light in the far ultraviolet range due to their chemical structures. Therefore, they are able to dodging far ultraviolet rays. Moreover, the spectral analyzes by the emission of the series of red dyes studied, have showed that these red dyes emit beyond 600 nm.
“Sharing of matrix” – A cooperative strategy for survival in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
Authors: R Kavi Bharathi , CS Srinandan , Nagarajan Saisubramanian
Published: April 2023

Background
Bacteria in nature live together in communities called biofilms, where they produce matrix that protects them from hostile environments. The components of this matrix vary among species, with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STm- WT) primarily producing curli and cellulose, which are regulated by the master regulator csgD. Interactions between bacteria can be competitive or cooperative, with cooperation more commonly observed among the kin population. This study refers to STm- WT as the generalist which produces all the matrix components and knockout strains that are defective in either curli or cellulose as the specialists, which produces one of the matrix components but not both. We have asked whether two different specialists will cooperate and share matrix components during biofilm formation to match the ability of the generalist which produces both the components.
Results
In this study, the response of the specialists and generalist to physical, mechanical, and biological stress during biofilm formation is also studied to assess their abilities to cooperate and produce biofilms like the generalist. STm WT colony biofilm which produces both the major biofilm matrix component were protected from stress whereas the non-matrix producer (∆csgD), the cellulose, and curli alone producers ∆csgA, ∆bcsA were affected. The most killing occurred in ∆csgD. Whereas the coculture (∆csgA: ∆bcsA) was seen to resist stress like that of the STm WT. Phenotypic and morphological characteristics of the colonies were typed using congo red assay and the Influence of Matrix on the architecture of biofilms was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.
Conclusion
Our results show that Matrix aids in survival during antibiotic, chlorine, and predatory stress. And possible sharing of matrix is occurring in the coculture, with one counterbalancing the inability of the other when confronted with stress.
Long COVID: Cognitive and FDG PET evolutions in six patients
Authors: Hugon Jacques , Farid Karim , Queneau Mathieu , Vrillon Agathe , Msika Eva Flore , Fayel Alexandra , Ortiz Marta Sanchez , Indart Sandrine , Paquet Claire
Published: April 2023

Long COVID is often characterized by cognitive complaints and deficits occurring immediately or several weeks after the infectious disease. Neuropsychological tests can revealed attention and executive function anomalies and FDG PET can display hypometabolic areas affecting various regions including frontal and cingulate cortices as well as precuneus and brainstem. We report here the cognitive and FDG PET evolutions over one year in 6 patients suffering from long COVID. Our study shows cognitive and FDG PET improvements in most of the cases and highlight the importance of a careful neurological follow-up in these patients.
Genotypic diversity and unrecognized antifungal resistance among populations of Candida glabrata from positive blood cultures
Authors: Badrane Hassan , Cheng Shaoji , Dupont Chris , Hao Binghua , Driscoll Eileen , Morder Kristen , Liu Guojun , Newbrough Anthony , Fleres Giuseppe , Kaul Drishti , Espinoza Josh , Clancy Cornelius , Nguyen Minh Hong
Published: April 2023

The longstanding paradigm is that most bloodstream infections (BSIs) are caused by a single organism. We performed whole genome sequencing of five-to-ten strains from blood culture (BC) bottles in each of ten patients with Candida glabrata BSI. We demonstrated that BCs contained mixed populations of clonal but genetically diverse strains. Genetically distinct strains from two patients exhibited phenotypes that were potentially important during BSIs, including differences in susceptibility to antifungal agents and phagocytosis. In both patients, the clinical microbiology lab recovered a fluconazole-susceptible index strain, but we identified mixed fluconazole-susceptible and –resistant populations. Diversity in drug susceptibility was likely clinically relevant, as fluconazole-resistant strains were subsequently recovered by the clinical laboratory during persistent or relapsing infections. In one patient, unrecognized respiration-deficient small colony variants were fluconazole-resistant and significantly attenuated for virulence during murine candidiasis. Our data suggest a new population-based paradigm of C. glabrata genotypic and phenotypic diversity during BSIs.
Early Identification of High-Risk Patients with HCC Relapse: A Spatial Immune Scoring System Enabled by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Sun cheng , Jia Gengjie , He Peiqi , Goh Denise , Li Fuling , Wee Felicia , Sun Mengyuan , Dai Tianli , LIM Jeffrey , Hao Shuxia , Liu Lianxin , Yeong Joe , Tian Zhigang
Published: April 2023

Given the high prevalence and relapse rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), an increased capacity for early identification of patients most at risk for post-resection recurrence would help improve patient outcomes and prioritize health care resources. Here, we combined spatial multi-transcriptomics and proteomics approaches to characterize the tumor and immunological landscape of 61 samples. We observed a spatial and HCC-recurrence-associated distribution of natural killer (NK) cells in the invasive front and tumor center. Using artificial-intelligence alongside an extreme gradient-boosting algorithm, we developed the Tumor Immune MicroEnvironment Spatial (“TIMES”) score based on the expression of five NK-associated markers (SPON2, ZFP36L2, ZFP36, VIM, and HLA-DRB1) to predict HCC recurrence. We also demonstrated that TIMES score (HR = 29.6, P < 0.001) outperforms the current standard tools for patient risk stratification including the TNM (HR = 1.93, P = 0.113) and BCLC (HR = 1.55, P = 0.253) systems. In the clinic, we validated the model in 103 patients from three multi-centered cohorts achieve a real-world sensitivity of 90.00% and specificity of 90.24%. In the lab, following up on the individual marker with the highest prediction accuracy, in vivo models revealed that SPON2 increases IFN-γ secretion and enhances infiltration potential of NK cells at the invasive front. Additionally, we established the TIMES score on a publicly accessible website that can be easily achieved by different levels of pathology labs to facilitate global prediction of HCC recurrence risk and stratification of high-risk patients. With its ability to efficiently stratify high-risk patients, it exemplifying the utility of artificial intelligence to improve our understanding on TIME features that underlie tumor progression.
Outcomes of emergency admissions and associated factors among children admitted to the pediatric emergency unit of public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Retrospective Cross- sectional study
Authors: Asinakew Tsegaye , Habte Teshome , Murugan Rajalakshmi
Published: April 2023

Background: - Pediatric emergency condition is a life-threatening process that, without timely and standard clinical intervention, may lead to death. Therefore, it requires proper emergency care as it is the only option of management to save a life. The purpose of this study is to assess outcomes of emergency admissions and associated factors among children admitted to the pediatric emergency of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2022.
Methods and materials: -An institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on children admitted emergency unit/ward from January 02, 2020, to January 08, 2022, in the emergency unit of randomly selected public hospitals. Data were extracted with the prepared checklists from February 1 to March 1 2022 for a total sample of 303 admitted children charts calculated using simple population proportion formula. The collected data were entered and cleaned using SPSS version 23 for analysis of bivariate logistic regression used to check the association of variables.
Result: A total of 303 admitted children’s charts were reviewed with 100% coverage and the mean age of children was 37.47 months and male to female ratio was 1.16:1. The study revealed that the most common causes of emergency admission were pneumonia (22.4%), surgical emergencies (14.5%) late-onset sepsis (9.2%) respectively. More than half (53.8%) of children were admitted to Pediatric Emergency Department for less than 24 hours and the mean length of stay was 2 days. 39.6% of children were discharged with clinical improvement. Known comorbidity (AOR=4.65, 95% CI (1.23-17.64)), fluid treatment (AOR=0.14, 95% CI (0.02-0.93)), and length of stay less than 24 hours (AOR=4.2, 95% CI (1.2-14.7)) were strongly associated with the outcome.
Conclusion: - pneumonia is still the most common cause of pediatric emergency admission and the mortality rate of children at the Pediatric Emergency Department is high, known comorbidity, and length of stay less than 24 hours in the emergency department had a significant association with mortality. FMOH and Policymakers recommended developing national pediatric emergency care guidelines for standard management and timely intervention, providing skill gap training through technology support for healthcare workers and parents should be informed on the use of early case detection and management.
Design of TCM detection information platform based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Ma Huixia , Yu Rongxia , Chen Ying
Published: April 2023

Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history and plays an important role in China's social development. With the continuous improvement of living standards and the development of medical technology, people put forward higher and higher requirements for medical level. This paper uses artificial intelligence technology to design an intelligent platform for traditional Chinese medicine detection information. The design goal is to solve the problems of uneven distribution of medical resources, residents' difficulties in seeking medical treatment, and limited medical resources in China. The system adopts BP network algorithm. Through simulation experiments, it can be seen that the BP neural network structure and relevant parameters adopted by the system for TCM diagnosis and treatment are reasonable and can meet the requirements of target accuracy. The design of this system is divided into three subsystems according to functions, namely, the Chinese medicine management subsystem, the patient information management subsystem, and the user information management subsystem. By using artificial intelligence technology, the system helps doctors identify and diagnose disease information, complete information detection, and record and manage relevant information of patients. By saving and accumulating diagnosis and treatment knowledge, the system can deal with different conditions, effectively reduce consultation time and improve doctors' work efficiency. The design of this platform has been tested and evaluated repeatedly, and the test process has been recorded and iterated, so as to ensure the stable and trouble free operation of the system. This paper designs an effective TCM detection information platform by using artificial intelligence technology.
Caregivers’ experiences of the Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) process from detection to intervention in South Africa
Authors: Maluleke Ntsako , Khoza-Shangase Katijah , Kanji Amisha
Published: April 2023

Background
As the implementation of early hearing detection and intervention services (EHDI) in many countries gathers pace, attention is shifting from arguments for universal newborn hearing screening and subsequent early intervention to closely focus on the evaluation of the practice and process of EHDI programs. However, there are very few studies within the South African context that have focused on caregivers’ own accounts of how they experience the EHDI process for their child with hearing impairment.
Methods
The study aimed to describe caregivers’ experience of the EHDI process from detection to intervention, within the South African context. Narrative interviews were conducted in-person, telephonically or via videoconferencing with nine caregivers of children with hearing impairment. The interview data was analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.
Results
Three key themes emerged from the interview data: a) caregivers experienced denied timely access through healthcare workers’ dismissal of their concerns; not being referred to audiologists timeously; receiving fragmented services; receiving services far from where they live; the cost of EHDI services; and through the use of English as a medium of communication for all EHDI services; b) participants’ experience of support services was deemed not to be sufficient due to lack of awareness of hearing impairment and EHDI; limited family counselling; lack of available Sign Language training; and constrained financial support; and c) caregivers expressed appreciation of EHDI services due to observed language development of their child; their child’s academic performance; and their interaction with EHDI team members.
Conclusion
Current findings revealed limited availability, affordability and accessibility of EHDI services in the South African context and raise significant implications for clinical practice, policy implementation and advocacy within the departments of health, social development, and basic education in this country. These findings also highlight the need for economic evaluation of EHDI programs, where EHDI is placed on the political advocacy and resource allocation agenda; and widespread implementation of FC-EHDI, within this context.
Clinical and Biological Significances of LINC01940 in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wu Menglong , Gao Hanxu , Chen Shun , Hu Yilin , Zhang Guangze , Li Ming , Zhao Jun
Published: April 2023

Background: In recent years, long-chain non-coding RNA has attracted wide attention. In addition to playing a significant role in the genesis of cancer, it is also involved in numerous biological functions. This article aims to explore the influence of LIINC01940 on the prognosis of gastric cancer and provide new insights into it.
Methods: The expression of LINC01940 in STAD and its relationship to patients' prognoses for gastric cancer were investigated using the TCGA database. The link between LINC01940 expression and STAD patient stage was investigated. GEO, KEGG, and GSEA were used to analyze their functional differences and related enrichment pathways. The immunological correlates score was determined using immunoinfiltration analysis. Furthermore assessed was the connection between STAD patients' LINC01940 expression and medication susceptibility. And verified by in vitro experiments.
Results: LINC01940 was highly expressed in STAD, and the same results were obtained by PCR. Survival analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves found that the STAD patients with high levels of LINC01940 had a poor prognosis. And LINC01940 was an independent risk factor for the poor prognosis of STAD. Furthermore, the expression of LINC01940 is correlated with T-stage. KEGG showed that LINC01940 was related to processes of metabolic biology and GSEA was enriched for calcium signaling pathway, etc. There are strong associations between LINC01940 and the tumor immune microenvironment, as well as a negative relationship between it and the sensitivity of various anticancer drugs. LINC01940 inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
Conclusion: LINC01940 is overexpressed in STAD, and it is a crucial element in the progression and development of gastric cancer.
Identification of miR-151a as a novel endogenous control for small extracellular vesicle cargo normalization in human cancer
Authors: Burdiel Miranda , Jimenez Julia , Rodriguez-Antolin Carlos , Garcia-Guede Alvaro , Pernia Olga , Sastre Ana , Rosas-Alonso Rocio , Colmenarejo Julian , Rodriguez-Jiménez Carmen , Diestro Maria Dolores , Martinez-Marin Virginia , Higuera Oliver , Cruz Patricia , Losantos-Garcia Itsaso , Vera Olga , Peinado Hector , de Castrro Javier , de Caceres Inmaculada Ibañez
Published: April 2023

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) in the blood of cancer patients contain higher amounts of tumor markers than those identified as free-circulating. miRNAs have significant biomedical relevance due to their high stability and feasible detection. However, there is no reliable endogenous control available to measure sEVs-miRNA content, impairing the acquisition of standardized consistent measurements in cancer liquid biopsy.
Results: In this study, we identified three miRNAs from a panel of nine potential normalizers that emerged from a comprehensive analysis comparing the sEV-miRNA profile of six lung and ovarian human cancer cell lines in the absence of or under different conditions of chemotherapy. Their relevance as normalizers was tested in 26 additional human cancer cell lines from nine different tumor types undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy treatment. The validation cohort was comprised of 172 prospective plasma and ascitic fluid samples from three different human tumor types. Variability and normalization properties were tested in comparison to miR-16, the most used control to normalize free-circulating miRNAs in plasma.
Conclusion: Our results indicate that miR-151a is consistently represented in small extracellular vesicles with minimal variability compared to miR-16, providing a novel normalizer to measure small extracellular vesicle miRNA content that will benefit liquid biopsy in cancer patients.
Experimental investigation into the shift of GDI sprays towards nearby walls via the Coanda effect using detailed shadow imaging, particle and structure image velocimetry
Authors: Leick Philippe , Bartole Kevin
Published: April 2023

In gasoline engines with direct injection, fuel deposition on the walls that immediately follow the injector bore can lead to increased particulate and hydrocarbon emissions if the liquid does not fully evaporate before the beginning of combustion. Apart from surface wetting, this “injector pocket” region can also indirectly affect engine performance: although the details are poorly understood, it is well known that walls block air entrainment into sprays and thus can change spray characteristics. Hence, this study investigates the influence of the injector pocket on the spray shape quantitatively by using a methodical series of tests.
The present work analyzes the changes of spray geometry caused by nearby walls using high speed shadowgraphy in an optically accessible pressure chamber. Furthermore, Fluorescent Particle Image Velocimetry and Structural Image Velocimetry are used to investigate the air entrainment, which lies at the origin of the interaction between the spray and nearby walls.
A flexible experimental setup with generic, quasi-two-dimensional injector pockts was designed, providing excellent optical access to the complete spray. Due to the Coanda˘ effect, the gasoline spray tilts towards the walls by about 5°. The injector pocket restricts the entrainment of air at the spray periphery. Instead of the perpendicular flow into the spray that characterizes air motion around an undisturbed spray, a flow of opposite direction to the spray and parallel to the injector pocket outline is observed. Since air entrainment carries momentum into the spray, the change in air flow explains the observed changes of the spray direction. Similar effects are observed for different two-dimensional injector pocket outlines, and also for a geometry which was extracted from a series engine and combined with the matching series injector. However, once the distance between injector axis and wall exceeds 6 mm, the magnitude of the deflection of the spray towards the wall becomes very small and tends to disappear at a distance of roughly 10 mm.
At low back pressure, the deflection of the spray towards the walls is somewhat stronger since the drastically with fuel temperature and pressure, the shift of spray direction due to the injector pocket remains relatively independent of fuel temperature and injection pressure, at least within the range that usually occurs in gasoline engines. At low distances from the injector axis, significant wetting of the injector pocket surface and stripping of large, slow droplets from the wall film is observed for the generic models that allow optical access to the edge of the wall.
Morphological and genetic variability in cosmopolitan tardigrade species - Paramacrobiotus fairbanksi Schill, Förster, Dandekar & Wolf, 2010
Authors: Kayastha Pushpalata , Szydło Wiktoria , Mioduchowska Monika , Kaczmarek Łukasz
Published: April 2023

Paramacrobiotus fairbanksi was described from Alaska (USA) based on integrative taxonomy and later reported from various geographical locations making it a true cosmopolitan species. Hypothesis ‘Everything is Everywhere’ (EiE) assumes that microscopic organisms have unique features which help them to inhabit many different environments and they can be considered cosmopolitan. In present work we report four new populations Pam. fairbanksi from Northern Hemisphere which suggest that ‘EiE’ hypothesis is true, at least for some tardigrade species. We also compared all known populations of Pam. fairbanksi at the genetic and morphological levels. The p-distances between COI haplotypes of all sequenced Pam. fairbanksi populations from Albania, Antarctica, Canada, Italy, Madeira, Mongolia, Spain, USA and Poland ranged from 0.002–0.005%. In total, twelve haplotypes (H1-H12) of COI gene fragment were identified. We also report statistically significant morphometrical differences of species even though they were cultured and breed in the same laboratory condition proposing epigenetic factor as a main cause rather than temperature, predation risk and food availability. Furthermore, we also discuss differences in potential distribution of two Paramacrobiotus species.
Novel Albumin-Binding Multifunctional Probe Gd-EB-ICG for Synergistic Enhancement of FL/MR Dual-Modal Imaging and Photothermal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yu Cheng , Chen Zhu , Ding Zhuyuan , Liu Huan , Ren Yulu , Zhang Minping , Liao Qiuling , Lyu Shiyi , Tan Huiwen , Hu Linan , Xiao Enhua , Xu Pengfei
Published: April 2023

This study presents a novel multifunctional probe Gd-EB-ICG based on albumin-binding for synergistic enhancement of fluorescence (FL) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-guided photothermal cancer therapy. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Gd-EB-ICG exhibits superior fluorescence intensity, longitudinal relaxivity, and photothermal conversion efficiency. In vivo experiments demonstrated that Gd-EB-ICG exhibits excellent tumor aggregation, imaging, and killing effects. This simple and feasible strategy successfully resulted in a synergistic effect for FL/MR dual-modal imaging and photothermal therapy.
Gesture imitation performance and visual exploration in young children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Latrèche Kenza , Kojovic Nada , Pittet Irène , Natraj Shreyasvi , Franchini Martina , Smith Isabel Mary , Schaer Marie
Published: April 2023

Background
Imitation behaviors develop very early and increase in frequency and complexity during childhood. Most studies in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) support a general decrement in imitation performance. To better understand this phenomenon in ASD, factors related to visual attention and motor execution have been proposed. However, these studies used various paradigms and explored different types of imitation in heterogeneous samples, leading to inconsistent findings. The present study examines imitation performance related to visual attention and motor execution. We focused on gesture imitation, consistently reported as more affected than imitation of actions with objects in ASD. We also investigated the influence of meaningful and meaningless gestures on imitation performance.
Methods
Our imitation eye-tracking task used a video of an actor who demonstrated gestures and prompted children to imitate them. The demonstrations comprised three types of gestures: meaningful (MF) and meaningless (ML) hand gestures, and meaningless facial gestures. We measured the total fixation duration to the actor’ face during child-directed speech and gesture demonstrations. During the eye-tracking task, we video-recorded children to later assess their imitation performance. Our sample comprised 100 participants, among which were 84 children with ASD (aged 3.55 ± 1.11 years).
Results
Our results showed that the ASD and typically developing (TD) groups globally displayed the same visual attention toward the face (during child-directed speech) and toward gesture demonstrations, although children with ASD spent less time fixating on the face during FAC stimuli. Visual exploration of actors’ faces and gestures did not influence imitation performance. Rather, imitation performance was positively correlated with chronological and developmental age. Moreover, imitation of MF gestures was associated with less severe autistic symptoms, whereas imitation of ML gestures was positively correlated with higher non-verbal cognitive skills and fine motor skills.
Conclusions
These findings contribute to a better understanding of the complexity of imitation. We delineated the distinct nature of imitation of MF and ML hand gestures in children with ASD. We discuss clinical implications in relation to assessment and intervention programs.
Pilot Study of Parental Alienation Items in the Adverse Childhood Events Scale
Authors: Marsden Joshua , Saunders Luke , Harman Jennifer J.
Published: April 2023

Background
Adver Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Parental Alienation (PA)are forms of adverse events negatively affecting children globally. The current study was to identify a revised ACEs measure that includes a screening item for PA.
Methods
A total of 231 undergraduate students, ages 18 to 37, were surveyed for this analysis. A factor analyses was performed to identify what PA item, out of four, would correlate most strongly with existing ACEs scale items. Convergent and divergent validity was assessed. An exploratory factory analyses was conducted to identify factor structure of scale items and a confirmatory factory analysis of extracted factors was used to assess model fit.
Results
Over half (60%) of the sampled population reported at least one ACEs item. All four PA items were significantly correlated with converging constructs (r = .68, p < .01). Out of four PA items, one PA item significantly outperformed the other three items in relation to convergent validity and was used to create a new ACEs-PA scale item (r = .33, p < .01). A two factor solution was identified with the new PA item loading, accounting for 35% of the variance, explaining more variance in both outcomes (R2 = .43 and R2 = .16) than the original ACEs scale when comparing the adjusted R2 values (R2 = .35 and R2 = .13 ).
Conclusion
Within the population, the new PA item factored significantly with existing ACEs, suggesting the capture of an additional adverse childhood experience.
Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, child temperament, and childhood obesity risk
Authors: Cho Nicole , Giesbrecht Gerald , Dewey Deborah , Reimer Raylene
Published: April 2023

Background
Maternal obesity prior to and during pregnancy is related to increased risk of obesity in the child. This risk may be in part mediated by altered child temperament, which can affect mother-child interactions including feeding and soothing behaviors that affect obesity risk. Our objective was to examine the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child zBMI, and determine if child temperament, specifically positive affectivity/surgency, mediates this association.
Methods
Using conditional process modeling, we analyzed prospectively collected data from 408 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study. Child temperament was assessed by the Child Behaviour Questionnaire (CBQ) Very Short Form at 3 years of age and zBMI was calculated from in-clinic height and weight measurements at 4 years of age.
Results
The indirect effect of pre-pregnancy BMI on child zBMI through Surgency scores as a mediator was significant after controlling for maternal gestational weight gain, socioeconomic status, maternal anxiety and depression, and child cognitive and emotional support (β = 0.003, 95% CI [0.0001, 0.008]). Overall, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child zBMI were directly associated and there was an indirect association through child temperament, whereby increased Surgency was associated with higher zBMI scores.
Conclusions
Child zBMI score is associated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, and this relationship is mediated by the temperament of the child, specifically Surgency.
New threats for a protected plant: the need to review and update recovery plans of endangered species
Authors: Moreno Joaquin , Cuesta M. J. , Torres P. , Ferrandis P.
Published: April 2023

Helianthemum polygonoides is a perennial halophyte identified in 1987 in the Saltmarsh of Cordovilla (Albacete, SE Spain). In 2004 its distribution area was approximately 16 hectares, and its population was estimated at around 185000 adult individuals. Thus, this species is considered a local endemism due to its restricted distribution area, being catalogued as a "Critically Endangered" (CR). The main goal of this study is to review the current situation of the endemism, updating its distribution area and current threats and, consequently, establishing up-to-date conservation guidelines. A marked increment in the H. polygonoidespopulation have been found (381909 individuals were estimated in 2022 census). We located new populations of H. polygonides, increasing its core distribution area and revealing the consolidation of proposed protection measures. In this context, our results have confirmed the direct relationship between the population size and the protection measures. According to the threat’s assessment, we have observed that most of the threats and impacts have been reduced (e.g., grazing) or stopped (e.g., accumulation of debris). However, we have found new threats (e.g., rabbit proliferation, wild boar damages, and fires), emphasising the need to review and update the Recovery Plan of H. polygonoides. In fact, we want to be pointed out that the mentioned threats are in constant change. We suggest the inclusion of new guidelines to control the new-found threats and provide eight new conservation guidelines to improve the conservation status of the current populations of H. polygonoides.