bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Cultural and Educational Processes of National Minorities of Transcarpathia of the Second Half of the 20th Century
Authors: Malets Natalija , Malets Oleksandr
Published: June 2021

The article analyses the dynamics of ethnic composition and ethnic processes in Transcarpathia in the second half of the 20th century, as well as ethno-cultural processes of national consolidation of Ukrainians of the region as part of the Ukrainian nation. The paper evaluates the practice of the Soviet state and the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to determine the nature, content and directions of all ethno-national and ethno-cultural policies in Transcarpathia. While researching the consolidation processes of Transcarpathian Ukrainians as part of the Ukrainian nation, the authors showed that the development of the traditions of Ukrainian national culture was seen in the environment of the creative intelligentsia and the majority of the people as an alternative to ideological communication. It is justified that the main goal of the communist authorities in Transcarpathia in 1945-1991 was to establish socialist, economic, political and ideological regime in the region. In order to accelerate this process, a Russian (Russian-speaking) national minority was hastily created in the region by the state authorities, which, having occupied leading political, ideological and economic positions, became a reliable support for the new communist regime. The article analyses the dynamics of ethnic composition and ethnic processes in Transcarpathia in the second half of the 20th century, as well as ethno-cultural processes of national consolidation of Ukrainians of the region as part of the Ukrainian nation. The paper evaluates the practice of the Soviet state and the ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to determine the nature, content and directions of all ethno-national and ethno-cultural policies in Transcarpathia. While researching the consolidation processes of Transcarpathian Ukrainians as part of the Ukrainian nation, the authors showed that the development of the traditions of Ukrainian national culture was seen in the environment of the creative intelligentsia and the majority of the people as an alternative to ideological communication. It is justified that the main goal of the communist authorities in Transcarpathia in 1945-1991 was to establish socialist, economic, political and ideological regime in the region. In order to accelerate this process, a Russian (Russian-speaking) national minority was hastily created in the region by the state authorities, which, having occupied leading political, ideological and economic positions, became a reliable support for the new communist regime.
Religion as Escape and New Shelter: Defamiliarizing History in Popular Fiction
Authors: Tahiri Lindita , Berishaj Anton
Published: June 2021

The downfall of Realist Socialism in the post-communist environment of the Albanian speaking countries opened the way for the development of a variety of literary genres as well as for the growth of popular fiction. This paper focuses on the best-seller by Ben Blushi Living in an island (2008) which covers four centuries of Ottoman occupa-tion of Albania. The novel has provoked profuse debates within the Albanian speech-communities in the Region and was accused by the Muslim community for endangering the religious harmony and tolerance of Albanians. This paper argues that the blame derives from the interchange between the author and the narrator and from the inabil-ity to differentiate between different points of view within the narrative. Although literary critics have generally developed negative connotations about popular fiction as a kind of literature associated with industry, entertainment and escapism, the arti-cle claims that the popular novel by Blushi raises an important public debate about vital historical concerns such as whether the acceptance of Islam by Albanians was wilful or imposed. Rather than giving simple answers to these questions, Blushi’s novel provokes alternative ways of thinking about whether Albanians agreed to banish Christianism and accept Islam due to violent intrusion or due to free will, and if the conversion into another religion was a new way of survival and a shelter of self-protection.
Modern Bulgarian Literature and the Turkish Loan Words
Authors: Haci Sadik , Zafer Zeynep
Published: June 2021

To the Turkish words in the official Bulgarian Language today there is a negative attitude. The presence in the Bulgarian literary language of great number of lexemes of Turkish origin, which are not recognised from the big part of society, even specialists, as Turkish and which do not have Bulgarian counterparts, is not acknowledged as a valuable contribution to the basic lexical fund. The interest is focused on the usage of some Turkish words with pejorative meaning in journalistic and everyday speech. The function and the stylistic-emotional characteristics of the Turkish loan words in the present artistic texts are not researched.In the paper the Turkish words in the artistic debut of the contemporary writer Hasan Efraimоv „Dervis’ Karakondzhul“(evil ghost) presenting the representatives of Turkish cultural and linguistic environment, having specific national colour, are analysed. To the Turkish words in the official Bulgarian Language today there is a negative attitude. The presence in the Bulgarian literary language of great number of lexemes of Turkish origin, which are not recognised from the big part of society, even specialists, as Turkish and which do not have Bulgarian counterparts, is not acknowledged as a valuable contribution to the basic lexical fund. The interest is focused on the usage of some Turkish words with pejorative meaning in journalistic and everyday speech. The function and the stylistic-emotional characteristics of the Turkish loan words in the present artistic texts are not researched. In the paper the Turkish words in the artistic debut of the contemporary writer Hasan Efraimоv „Dervis’ Karakondzhul“(evil ghost) presenting the representatives of Turkish cultural and linguistic environment, having specific national colour, are analysed.
Baku instead of Ankara – Turkish Students from Bulgaria in Azerbaijan during 1950s
Authors: Muratova Nurie
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the nonresearched question about the Turks from Bulgaria who studded in Baku in the 1950s. In this period in Bulgaria the Soviet policy for acknowledging of the rights of the national minorities was applied and the communist regime aimed at directing Bulgarian Turks to the Turkic republics of Soviet Union and especially to Azerbaijan. This policy changed at the end of the 1950s.
From 1952 to 1960 more than 50 students graduated from Azerbaijan Peda-gogical Institute and Azerbaijan State University. They were prepared to teach in the Turkish schools in Bulgaria (around 1100 at the beginning of 1950s) but when they returned there were not anymore Turkish schools in Bulgaria. The processes in the sphere of the national languages and educational policies in USSR for this period have been researched. The alumni from the universities in Baku have to experience the contradictions between the Soviet policies to national republics and dynamic of the policy of the communist regime in Bulgaria concerning the Turkish population. The research is based on documents from the State Archive of Azerbaijan, documents from the Central State Archive in Sofia and oral testimonies.
Victim of Power, Chosen by Fate – the Memories of Osman Kilic in Bulgarian
Authors: Angelova Milena
Published: June 2021

Review of the Bulgarian translation of the book “Victim of fate” by Osman Kilic.
A New Contribution to the Establishment of the History of the Health Care as an Independent Scientific Discipline
Authors: Popova Kristina
Published: June 2021

The aim of the review is to present the volume 9 of the biographical series ‘Who Was Who in Nursing History’, edited by Hubert Kolling.
“I will Enter the Suitcase and I will not Make a Sound until we Pass the Border…”
Authors: Hocaoğlu Özlem , Altıntop Apak Kerem , Baklacıoğlu Nurcan Özgür
Published: June 2021

The article elaborates the crossborder experiences and strategies of family divide and unaccompanied childhoods in the context of crossborder migrations and smuggling across Bulgaria-Turkey border between the years of 1990-2001. The authors dig into the longrun impact of smuggling and imposed illegality on the migrant children and the means, manners, strategies and dangers hidden within crossborder cyclical mobility and administrative construction of illegality under the political and economic transitions and turbulence across sending and receiving countries. Left to the forgetfulness of the history unaccompanied child migration experiences between Bulgaria and Turkey contain significant lessons in regard to the role of restrictive and security based visa and migration policies. Our study aims at further investigation and understanding of these experiences via fieldwork containing semistructured interviews with 13 smuggled children and their parents. The article begins with introduction to the political and economic conditions that led to irregularization of child migrations across Bulgaria-Turkey border between 1990-2001. It follows presentation of data collected during the Istanbul University BAP Research Center supported fieldwork and follows elaboration on the memories, experiences and prevailing perceptions of these crossborder experiences by the trafficked children and their parents.The article elaborates the crossborder experiences and strategies of family divide and unaccompanied childhoods in the context of crossborder migrations and smuggling across Bulgaria-Turkey border between the years of 1990-2001. The authors dig into the longrun impact of smuggling and imposed illegality on the migrant children and the means, manners, strategies and dangers hidden within crossborder cyclical mobility and administrative construction of illegality under the political and economic transitions and turbulence across sending and receiving countries. Left to the forgetfulness of the history unaccompanied child migration experiences between Bulgaria and Turkey contain significant lessons in regard to the role of restrictive and security based visa and migration policies. Our study aims at further investigation and under-standing of these experiences via fieldwork containing semi-structured interviews with 13 smuggled children and their parents. The article begins with introduction to the political and economic conditions that led to irregularization of child migrations across Bulgaria-Turkey border between 1990-2001. It follows presentation of data collected during the Istanbul University BAP Research Center supported fieldwork and follows elaboration on the memories, experiences and prevailing perceptions of these crossborder experiences by the trafficked children and their parents.
With Chibouk and Hookah: Coveted Escapes in Orient’s Fragrant Space
Authors: Kitanov Valentin
Published: June 2021

The penetration of tobacco into the Ottoman Empire was followed by a ban on its production and use in the seventeenth century. The lifting of the ban in 1688 led to the rapid spread of production and trade with tobacco products and made smoking widely popular in the Ottoman society. Although smoking was prevalent mainly among Muslims, the chibouk and the hookah became distinctive attributes and, for generations, an integral part of the cultural characteristics of sultan’s subjects, regardless of their religious or national affiliation. Whether it was consumed free or secretly due to penal laws, smoking became emblematic of the social and cultural representation of the Ottoman realm and, in a way, it was affiliated with a particular zone of comfort and tranquillity, an escape from all worries and problems of everyday life.
Tosya İlçesinin Turizm Potansiyeli
Authors: ÇAM Oğuz , ÇILGINOĞLU Hakkı
Published: June 2021

Tosya, Kastamonu ilinde yer alan bir ilçedir. Tosya ilçesinin önemli bir turizm potansiyeline sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmanın sorununu; Tosya ilçesinin turizm potansiyelinin yeterince farkında olunmaması oluşturmaktadır. Bu soruna karşı etkili çözüm önerilerinin getirilmesi, gerek Tosya ilçesi açısından gerekse de Kastamonu ili açısından turizm konusunda önemli avantajlar sağlayacaktır. Bu çalışmada; turizm konusunda önemli olarak görülen Tosya ilçesinin turizm potansiyelinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma; Tosya ilçesinin turizm potansiyelini gözler önüne sermek, ilçenin turizm konusunda daha fazla tanınabilmesini sağlamak, ilçedeki turistik hareketliliğin artmasını sağlamak, ilçenin turizmden sağlanacak gelir payının yükselmesini sağlamak ve Tosya’nın turizm kapsamında Kastamonu ili genelindeki önemine vurgu yapmak açısından önem arz etmektedir. Sonuç olarak; Tosya ilçesinde birçok turizm türünün yapıldığı ve yapılabileceği ifade edilmektedir. Tosya; yöresel ürünleri, el sanatları, manevi iklimi, turizm türleri, çeşmeleri, hamamları, mesire alanları, bağ evleri (gümeleleri), höyükleri, camileri, türbeleri, halk kütüphanesi vb. gibi unsurlarla önemli bir kültürel ve turistik potansiyeli kendisinde barındırmaktadır.
WOMAN AS A ‘TRANSFORMER’ IN PAULO COELHO’S THE ZAHIR
Authors: Joshi Jagdish , Hariyani Neha
Published: June 2021

Paulo Coelho is an eminent Brazilian writer of the present times. His novels reflect his deep understanding of mythology and mysticism and are a blend of tradition and modernity. Woman plays a significant role in the metamorphosis of the protagonist in Coelho’s novels. This paper intends to study the role of woman in his novel The Zahir, in the light of Campbell’s theory of Initiation in his seminal work The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Campbell’s theory of Initiation accords a central position to woman. She performs various roles and becomes instrumental in bringing about the transformation of the hero. The more the hero initiates into his adventure, the more fascinating does he find the woman, changing herself in accordance with the needs of the hero as dictated by destiny Initially, woman in The Zahir seems to hold a subordinate position. She is even regarded as a mere commodity by the hero. But as the narrative develops, the role of the woman, true to Campbell’s remark undergoes a series of transfigurations, the deeper the hero initiates into his inner quest the subtler the woman becomes. From a mere commodity the woman transfigures into a guide, from a guide into a divine energy, capable of bringing about the inner transformation of the hero.
SELF-QUEST: UNVEILING THE JOURNEY MOTIF IN CHITRA BANERJEE DIVAKARUNI’S OLEANDER GIRL
Authors: Raviya Hitesh , Kapil Kanika
Published: June 2021

The quest for self-identityposits crucially in diasporic discourse. This paper is an attempt to examine how the multi-faceted novelist, poet, activist Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni evokes the journey motif in her bildungsroman novel Oleander Girl and strategically uses it to showcase the growth and development of her main protagonist Korobi trajectorially.The focus will be an exploration of the parallel journey – one towards an outward physical destination, and the other one aboutan inner journey towardswholeness, completeness and selfhood. The research paper seeks to analyse how Korobi traverses through the various stages of the journey during her formidable quest to seek answers regarding her true heritage and how this turns into a journey ofself-discoveryas well.
Review of Factors Affecting the Phase-Redistribution in the Branching T-Junction
Authors: Faheem Ejaz  , William Pao  , Mohammad Shakir Nasif
Published: June 2021

Whenever T-junctions are used in chemical processes and petroleum industries for two-phase separation, a maldistribution of phases is observed between outlets of the junction. Currently, the regular T-junctions are utilized in the industry due to which equipment downstream faces high liquid carryovers. Unfortunately, downstream equipment is not capable of handling high liquid carryovers and they trip frequently, consequently. This review manuscript summarizes the effect of different factors that influence phase separation in the T-junction. This article refers to the geometrical parameters, phase superficial velocity flow regimes encounter during the separation process, and different side arm modifications. This article is a contribution to this field as it summarizes and concludes all these factors comprehensively, to give a verdict on ways to improve phase separation. It is also recommended that the effect of side arm modifications or combinations must be explored for further understanding.
Optimization of Impact Energy of Copper-Polylactic Acid (Cu-PLA) Composite Using Response Surface Methodology for FDM 3D Printing
Authors: Arvind Kottasamy  , Mahendran Samykano  , Kumaran Kadirgama  , Devarajan Ramasamy  , Md Mustafizur Rahman  , Adarsh Kumar Pandey
Published: June 2021

This study attempts to provide a statistical evaluation of the effect of Cu wt.% and infill pattern on the FDM-based 3D printed parts' impact properties. The developed model is based on the acquired experimental data accompanied by response surface methodology (RSM) analysis. The confidence level for RSM is set to 95% (? = 0.05), where P-value lower than 0.05 shows a significant effect by the parameter. Besides determining significant parameters, this analysis also provides modeling of impact properties and optimizes the desired mechanical performance parameter. ANOVA analysis includes data of standard deviation (S), coefficient of determination (R2), adjusted and predicted (R2). Infill pattern and Cu wt.% show a significant effect on both factors, including energy absorbed and impact strength. The model created for the energy absorbed and impact strength has an error of 7.23 % and 6.60 %. The maximum energy absorbed and impact strength obtained through optimization is 2.5180 J and 35.3657 kJ/m2, respectively, through the combination of two main factors, including Concentric infill pattern with 25 wt.% Cu. The mathematical models of the impact properties were also developed using RSM, focusing on varying copper composition and infill patterns, which can be used to predict desired impact properties.
Kinder-Mittelalterbilder als Möglichkeit und Herausforderung für Lehrende an Schulen
Authors: Lillge Janina
Published: June 2021

Das Mittelalter ist in der populären Kultur von Büchern, Filmen und Fernsehen, (Rollen-)Spielen, auf YouTube und sogar in zahlreichen Produkten für Kinder sehr beliebt. Diese zeigen ein vereinfachtes und eindimensionales Bild, dass in Deutschland
von Burgen, Rittern und Prinzessinnen dominiert wird. Das Mittelalterbild von Studierenden (und der deutschen Gesellschaft) ist meistens dunkler. Dieses Mittelalter wird als ungerecht und grausam gekennzeichnet, auch durch die negativ
bewertete Dominanz der Kirche als Institution. Es scheint nicht die beliebteste Epoche der Geschichtsstudierenden zu sein. Zwei Lehrveranstaltungen machten diese unterschiedlichen Bilder zum Untersuchungsgegenstand: Zunächst wurde die
Annahmen zu den Mittelalterbildern geprüft, diese dann mit den wissenschaftlichen abgeglichen und schließlich nach möglichen Gründen für die Entwicklungen solcher Bilder gesucht. Dabei übten die Studierenden wissenschaftliches Arbeiten
und diskutierten die Möglichkeiten der Nutzung von Präkonzepten für den kompetenzorientierten Geschichtsunterricht. Sie erkannten diesbezüglich Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten zur Diskussion sowie Evolution von Herrschaft,
Geschlecht, Kirche etc. Ein solcher Ansatz eröffnet die Chance mit verschiedenen Gruppen wie Schüler*innen, Studierenden und Historiker*innen über das Mittelalter, Geschichte und ihre Aufgaben ins Gespräch zu kommen.
Kinder-Mittelalterbilder im Unterricht?
Authors: Kühl Swantje
Published: June 2021

Der Kommentar befasst sich einerseits mit der Verankerung des Mittelalters in Curricula und zeigt darauf aufbauend exemplarisch, wie die Vorstellungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen bezüglich des Mittelalters
für die Planung und Durchführung von Geschichtsunterricht aufgegriffen werden können.
Durch Forschendes Lernen kennenlernen, was Digitalität mit Geschichte macht
Authors: Klein Malte
Published: June 2021

Malte Kleins Kommentar zu Frohnes/Piotrowskis Bericht verdeutlicht die geschichtsdidaktischen Potenziale, die sich ergeben, wenn Studierende und Dozierende in einem offenen Projektszenario Archivalien wie Briefe und
Leichenpredigten zwischen 1300 und 1800 in eine digitale Edition überführen: So erfüllt Frohnes/Piotrowskis Veranstaltung die grundlegenden Prinzipien des Forschenden Lernens an Universitäten, sie reiht sich ein
in die explorativen Grundideen der pädagogischen Lernwerkstätten des 20. Jahrhunderts und kann für den Bereich der fachlichen Konkretisierung im Umgang mit digitalen Medien geschichtswissenschaftliche
Alleinstellungsmerkmale herausstellen, wie z. B. die Datenkritik, die sich von der traditionellen, analogen Quellenkritik methodisch unterscheidet. Die Studierenden können durch den produktorientierten Ansatz und den
Anspruch der Wissenschaftlichkeit exemplarisch Chancen und Grenzen der Digitalität erleben und zugleich ihre Medienkompetenzen trainieren, die sowohl in den Schulen als auch außerhalb, z.B. in Archiv- und
Bibliotheksberufen, zunehmend gefragt sind
Zur Faszinations- und Wissensgeschichte des Einhorns
Authors: Weitbrecht Juliane
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag untersucht das Einhorn als Faszinationsobjekt im Rahmen einer Geschichte vormodernen naturkundlichen Wissens. Bis in die Frühe Neuzeit wurde das Einhorn als existent angesehen; autoritatives
Wissen über das Tier formiert sich seit der Antike in unterschiedlichen Diskursen (Naturkunde, Medizin, Religion) und wird durch wirkmächtige Erzählungen (wie die Einhornjagd mit Hilfe einer keuschen
Jungfrau in der Physiologus-Tradition) geprägt. Der Beitrag betrachtet die Vermittlung und Transformation dieses Wissens in der antiken Ethnographie, der christlichen Naturkunde, höfischen Romanen sowie
frühneuzeitlichen Reiseberichten
Einhörner und Geschichtsunterricht?!
Authors: Westensee Charis-Fey
Published: June 2021

Der Kommentar fragt, ausgehend von Julia Weitbrechts Beitrag zu Mensch-Tier-Beziehungen in historischer Perspektive, nach der Rolle des Einhorns für Geschichtsdidaktik und -unterricht. Er reflektiert die von
Weitbrecht eingeführten Argumente und wirft weitere geschichtsdidaktische Schlaglichter auf den Gegenstand Einhorn.
The Role of Jet–Cocoon Mixing, Magnetization, and Shock Breakout in Neutrino and Cosmic-Ray Emission from Short Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Gottlieb Ore , Globus Noémie
Published: June 2021

We perform general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic and relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of weakly and highly magnetized gamma-ray burst (GRB) jets propagating in binary neutron star (BNS) merger ejecta. Using the simulations, we first find that mixing between the jet and cocoon, which is present in all types of jets, inhibits the formation of subphotospheric collisionless shocks. However, we show that a mild magnetization may lead to the formation of collisionless subshocks, which allow efficient proton acceleration. We consider shear acceleration and diffusive shock acceleration at collimation shocks, internal shocks, shock breakout, and external shocks to provide the first estimate for neutrino and cosmic-ray (CR) signals from self-consistent simulations of GRBs in BNS mergers. We find that short GRBs do not produce detectable neutrino signals with current-day facilities. Shock breakout yields ∼10 PeV neutrinos at viewing angles ∼20°, independent of the jet magnetization. However, a neutrino signal from shock breakout is well below the detection limits of current detectors. Such a signal would allow a coincident neutrino–γ-ray detection, providing a testable prediction for shock breakout as a neutrino production site. Using the numerical modeling that fits GW 170817 afterglow emission, we find that blast waves in BNS mergers can account for 5%–10% of the Galactic CR luminosity in the PeV–EeV energy range. Based on these estimates, the observed level of CR anisotropy places a constraint on the distance of the latest Galactic BNS merger to ≲3 kpc.
Security Reference Architecture for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)
Authors: Moreno Julio , Rosado David G. , Sánchez Luis E. , Serrano Manuel A. , Fernández-Medina Eduardo
Published: June 2021

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are the next generation of engineered systems into which computing, communication, and control technologies are now being closely integrated. They play an increasingly important role in critical infrastructures, governments and everyday life. Security is crucial in CPS, but they were not, unfortunately, initially conceived as a secure environment, and if these security issues are to be incorporated, then security must be considered from the very beginning of the system design. One way in which to solve this problem is by having a global perspective, which can be achieved by employing a Reference Architecture (RA), since it is a high-level abstraction of a system that could be useful in the implementation of complex systems. It is widely accepted that adding elements in order to address many security factors (integrity, confidentiality, availability, etc.) and facilitate the definition of the security requirements of a Security Reference Architecture (SRA) is a good starting point when attempting to solve these kinds of cybersecurity problems and protect the system from the beginning of the development. An SRA makes it possible to define the key elements of a specific environment, thus allowing a better understanding of the inherent elements of the environments, while promoting the integration of security aspects and mechanisms. The present paper, therefore, presents the definition of an SRA for CPS by using UML models in an attempt to facilitate secure CPS implementations.
Systematic review of the dextral Hemiplecta Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae) from Thailand with description of a new species and list of all the Indochinese species
Authors: Sutcharit Chirasak , Panha Somsak
Published: June 2021

The genusHemiplectais a group of large-sized land snails which have long been used as a food resource by Indochinese people. There are five dextral and four sinistral species currently recognized from Thailand. The dextral group is comprised of two previously recorded species (H. humphreysianaandH. distincta), two newly recorded species (H. funereaandH. esculenta), and one new species (H. nemorosasp. nov.) from northern Thailand is being proposed. We reassessed the diagnostic characters of the genitalia, mantle edge, and radula. Specimens were classified into the genusHemiplectaon the basis of the penial verge and shell lobe, and on the characters of a bulbous gametolytic sac without a gametolytic duct. A complete species list, together with photographs of the name-bearing types or authenticated specimens and the taxonomic status ofHemiplectas.l. that are known from Indochina including Peninsular Malaysia and Myanmar, is provided for the first time. In total, this species list contains 39 available nominal species names described from this area. Type or authentic specimens can be located for 37 nominal species names, of which 25 are illustrated herein and the other 12 were recently illustrated. However, two available species-level names could not be traced to any type specimens. In addition, lectotypes ofH. funereaandH. plutoare designated herein to stabilize the names.
A review of the Neotropical moth genus Bardaxima (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae: Nystaleinae), with special reference to the species occurring in Brazil
Authors: Becker Vitor Osmar
Published: June 2021

BardaximaWalker, 1858 includes 12 species, eight of them occurring in Brazil. The Brazilian species are treated here, including diagnoses and illustrations of both adults and genitalia to allow their identification:B. donatian(Schaus),B. fulgurifera(Walker, 1869), stat. rev. (=demea(Druce, 1895));B. ionia(Druce, 1900) (=albolimbata(Dognin, 1909), syn. nov.,B. ambigua(Dyar, 1908), syn. nov.,B. metcalfi(Schaus, 1928), syn. nov.);B. lucilineaWalker, 1858;B. marcida(C. Felder, 1874);B. procne(Schaus, 1892) (=meyeri(Schaus, 1928), syn. nov.);B. sambana(Druce, 1895), stat. rev. (=belizensisThiaucourt, 2010, syn. nov.,bolivariThiaucourt, 2010, syn. nov.,coloradorumThiaucourt, 2010, syn. nov.,panamensis(Draudt, 1932), syn. nov.);B. subrutila(Dognin, 1908); andB. terminalbaJones, 1908 (=oakley(Schaus, 1939)).Bardaxima persesDruce, 1900 is transferred toElasmiaMöschler, 1883 as a new combination,Elasmia perses(Druce, 1900).Stragulodontagen. nov. is proposed to accommodateHeterocampa stragulaMöschler, 1883, comb. nov. (=belua(Draudt, 1932), syn. nov.).
La narratologie est-elle soluble dans le storytelling ?
Authors: Dufour Stéphane
Published: June 2021

Si les milieux littéraires identifient l’avènement du storytelling dans la société moderne comme un symptôme de l’appauvrissement du récit, les auteurs de manuels qui le promeuvent dans la communication de marques et d’entreprises vont pourtant puiser aux sources de la narratologie des références et des concepts pour construire et donner forme à leur histoire. Le refus parfois radical de reconnaître une légitimité épistémologique et même narrative au storytelling , d’un côté, et la recherche de filiation narratologique, de l’autre, mettent en évidence des tensions que voudrait questionner cette contribution. Qu’est-ce que le storytelling , dans son usage de technique de communication narrative, emprunte à cet art de conter ? Faisant l’hypothèse que l’usage de la narratologie dans un registre fort éloigné du roman ne se réalise pas sans conséquence ni sans reste, que reste-t-il de la narratologie dans le storytelling des marques et des entreprises ?
Le futur comme temps magique. Inš’Allah entre dogme, modalisation et superstition
Authors: Abouda Lotfi , Ben Ahmed Yossra
Published: June 2021

Inš’Allah introduit une proportion importante d’énoncés au futur en arabe tunisien. Cette séquence connaît une multitude d’emplois laïcisés, issus de la pragmaticalisation de son sens religieux initial. L’objectif de cet article est, d’une part, d’identifier l’origine de l’expression et de restituer le mécanisme de pragmaticalisation qu’elle a connu et, de l’autre, de déterminer ses propriétés distributionnelles et ses principales valeurs sémantico-pragmatiques en contexte. L’identification des types d’emploi et leur classement s’appuie sur l’exploration exhaustive d’un corpus oral authentique d’environ 450 occurrences. Leur examen permet la reconnaissance d’une multitude d’emplois contextuels distincts, qui seront décrits et illustrés, puis reliés par une hypothèse d’explication anthropologique qui voit dans l’usage de cette séquence le reflet d’une conception du futur comme un temps magique non entièrement domestiqué.
Understanding the Journey of Patients With Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Qualitative Study of the Impact on Children and Families
Authors: Ghauri Abdul-Jabbar , Fisher Kay , Kenworthy Atiya
Published: June 2021

Purpose:

To understand the impact of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), a chronic allergic inflammation of the ocular surface that primarily affects children and young adults, on daily life.

Methods:

This qualitative study used an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach. Paired interviews with patients and parents were conducted in the participants' homes. Interviews continued until thematic saturation (no new information arising) was obtained. Nine patients and their families were interviewed. The patients were between 5 and 13 years old with disease severity ranging from mild to severe.

Results:

Several consistent themes emerged from the study, including the significant impact of VKC on schooling and family life. Families of children with VKC experience delays in receiving an accurate diagnosis and a lack of information and emotional support, which led the parents to report living in a constant state of tension about whether they were doing the right thing for their child. Although many children with VKC also have other atopic conditions, there is no cohesive approach to clinical care.

Conclusions:

VKC poses a significant burden on the lives of patients and their families. Greater awareness among clinicians is essential for early diagnosis and treatment and to prevent potential sight-threatening complications. The chronic nature of VKC necessitates a holistic approach to patient care to address the multiple clinical and emotional needs of the children and their families.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(5):298–303.]
The Assessment of YouTube Videos as a Source of Information for Amblyopia Treatment
Authors: Uyar Enes , Sarıbaş Ferhat
Published: June 2021

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficiency of YouTube videos as a source of information for the treatment of amblyopia.

Methods:

The authors searched YouTube (Google) using the keywords “amblyopia treatment” and analyzed the first 200 most relevant videos. Videos were classified as useful or misleading by two independent ophthalmologists. Videos were scored on 5-point scales to evaluate global quality, reliability, and comprehensiveness. General characteristics, viewer interactions, and sources of videos were also recorded.

Results:

Eighty-seven of 200 videos were appropriate to be included in the current study. Fifty videos (57.5%) were classified as useful and 37 videos (42.5%) were classified as misleading. General characteristics and viewer interactions were not significantly different between useful and misleading videos (
P
> .05). The mean Global Quality Score, reliability, and comprehensiveness scores were 3.64 ± 1.1, 3.02 ± 1.0, and 2.74 ± 1.2 in useful videos and 2.03 ± 0.9, 2.08 ± 0.8, and 1.62 ± 0.7 in misleading videos, respectively (
P
< .05). The data suggested that most of the videos uploaded by university channels or non-profit professionals were useful (79.2%), whereas most of the videos uploaded by medical advertisements or for-profit companies were misleading (59.1%).

Conclusions:

The results of the current cross-sectional study demonstrated that the number of useful videos for the treatment of amblyopia was higher on YouTube. However, there was still a significant number of misleading videos (42.5%). Therefore, more videos on amblyopia treatment that have sufficient reliability, quality, and comprehensiveness should be uploaded to YouTube.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(5):311–318.]
Likelihood of Germline Mutation With Solitary Unilateral Retinoblastoma Based on Patient Age at Presentation: Analysis of 482 Consecutive Patients
Authors: Shields Carol L. , Dockery Philip , Ruben Megan , Yaghy Antonio , Sunday Madalyne A. , Duffner Emily R. , Levin Hannah J. , Taylor Olivia S. , Calotti Martin , Lally Sara E. , Shields Jerry A.
Published: June 2021

Purpose:

To evaluate the likelihood of germline retinoblastoma in patients presenting with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma, based on age at presentation.

Methods:

This retrospective case series of 482 consecutive patients presenting with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma analyzed the likelihood of germline retinoblastoma, defined as family history of retinoblastoma, germline retinoblastoma mutation documented on genetic testing, and/or development of bilateral disease and/or additional new tumors. This analysis was based on age at presentation (0 to 12 months vs older than 12 to 24 months vs older than 24 to 36 months vs older than 36 months) and a sub-study was conducted on infant age at presentation (0 to 3 months vs older than 3 to 6 months vs older than 6 to 9 months vs older than 9 to 12 months).

Results:

Of the overall group (482 consecutive patients) with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma, there were significantly different findings in the youngest age group (0 to 12 months old) with greater family history of retinoblastoma (10% vs 2% vs 1% vs 2%,
P
= .004), smaller median basal diameter (18.0 vs 20.0 vs 20.0 vs 20.0 mm,
P
= .014), smaller median tumor thickness (8.7 vs 10.0 vs 11.5 vs 10.0 mm,
P
= .002), greater macular tumor location (33% vs 16% vs 10% vs 8%,
P
< .001), and greatest likelihood of germline mutation (29% vs 17% vs 8% vs 9%,
P
= .001). By comparison, patients 1 year and younger (vs older than 1 year) demonstrated a 2.96 odds ratio (OR) (
P
= .001) for likelihood of germline retinoblastoma. For those classified as infants (1 year and younger) (n = 132 consecutive patients), the youngest patients (0 to 3 months old) demonstrated the greatest likelihood for germline mutation (61% vs 20% vs 24% vs 22%,
P
= .009) and greatest odds ratio (5.52,
P
= .002) compared to patients older than 3 to 12 months.

Conclusions:

The youngest patients with solitary unilateral retinoblastoma showed the greatest likelihood of germline disease when evaluating all patients (1 year and younger vs older than 1 year of age) (OR = 2.96) and the substudy of infants (3 years and younger vs older than 3 to 12 months old) (OR = 5.52).

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2021;58(6):355–364.]
A linear quadratic stochastic Stackelberg differential game with time delay
Authors: Meng Weijun , Shi Jingtao
Published: June 2021

This paper is concerned with a linear quadratic stochastic Stackelberg differential game with time delay. The model is general, in which the state delay and the control delay both appear in the state equation, moreover, they both enter into the diffusion term. By introducing two Pseudo-Riccati equations and a special matrix equation, the state feedback representation of the open-loop Stackelberg strategy is derived, under some assumptions. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the applications of the theoretical results.
Compete LA
Authors: Dawson Katie C. , Norris Claire M. , Henderson James (Jim) B. , Kahn Jeannine O. , Geisman Cami D.
Published: June 2021

Postsecondary education has never mattered more than it does presently. It is critical for adults, particularly for non-credentialed adults, to complete postsecondary pathways, ensuring they are prepared to compete in the global economy. Despite the well-documented benefits of a postsecondary degree, nearly one-fourth of adults in Louisiana have college experience, but no degree. Adult learners experience barriers to navigating higher education that negatively impact their ability to return and persist to graduation. Recognizing these challenges, the University of Louisiana System and their nine member institutions created Compete LA, a program designed to re-engage adult learners and create equitable academic pathways to obtaining a college degree. This chapter will serve as a case study by focusing on the creation and scaling of the Compete LA initiative. It will explore the characteristics of the team, the structural composition of the program, as well as the efforts to dismantle the systemic barriers that exist in higher education that make adult student re-entry challenging.
Rethinking How We Design Programs
Authors: Pilcher Janet , Largue Robin
Published: June 2021

The landscape of higher education continues to change causing us to re-think the way we offer programs. Redesigning programs by listening to students pushes us to make radical changes. This chapter shows how the authors changed the content and delivery model by constantly reviewing student input on how we offer an online, competency-based alternative teacher certification program. They created annual measures that define program success, reviewed lead metrics to gain insight on areas working and needing improvements, and made ongoing changes to design and offer the program after listening to students' needs and desires. The program changes included continuous daily enrollment, changes in the instructor model to support student progression, an advising model focused on supporting individual student success throughout the program, and enhanced mentor support for fieldwork. The goal is to offer credentialing programs in different ways that prioritize accessibility, affordability, and applied field-based opportunities.
Evaluating the Impact of Cybertheft Through Social Engineering and Network Intrusions
Authors: Conteh Nabie Y. , Jackson Anjelica B.
Published: June 2021

This chapter takes an in-depth look into the research literature to analyze and evaluate the role that social engineering plays in network intrusion and cybertheft. It will also discuss preventive measures and solutions to the threats and vulnerabilities that present themselves in the process of social engineering attacks. Social engineering is a means of stealing private data through tactics that make the victim feel comfortable to give their data. This kind of attack can cost individuals and organizations millions of dollars and block their access to data. The articles present multiple statistics that prove that the risk of social engineering attacks on individuals or organizations has increased tremendously. This new wave of communication has given hackers many opportunities to threaten security by tracking your email, phone, social networks, etc. Information detailing how users can be more aware of ways to protect their private information from attackers will also be presented.
Industry Trends in Computer Software
Authors: Syed Sara A.
Published: June 2021

In the modern age of technological innovation, organizations are evolving rapidly due to the abundance of opportunities. This evolution has provided organizations with the ability to leverage technology for their benefit; however, cybersecurity risks have also developed due to the emerging trends. As the software industry faces a surge of emerging trends, it is critical to address the impeding threats to our cybersecurity infrastructure. The computer software industry is classified under the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) code 511210 for software publishers. The software development market has experienced an exponential growth as a shift to the cloud has rendered a greater need for cutting edge technology, and this trend is projected to continue.
The Dynamics of Social Engineering and Cybercrime in the Digital Age
Authors: Conteh Nabie Y. , Sword DeAngela “Dee”
Published: June 2021

Social engineering attacks have emerged to become one of the most problematic tactics used against businesses today. Social engineers employ both human-based and computer-based tactics to successfully compromise their targeted networks. This chapter will discuss the basics of social engineering and what it means today. It will explain some common attack methods like baiting, phishing, pretexting, quid pro quo, tailgating, and dumpster diving. It will then highlight the impact social engineering has had on the rise in cybercrime and why threat actors have grown more innovative. Finally, this chapter will discuss what multi-layer defense or defense in depth is and offer countermeasures that can be enforced to defend against social engineering attacks.
Socially Responsible Buyers' Online Trust on the Website and Their Level of Satisfaction
Authors: Valdez Luis Enrique
Published: June 2021

The study focuses on a sample of 663 socially responsible online consumers from the Sonora, Baja California, and Sinaloa regions in Mexico. For the data collection, it was carried out during the months of April to August 2020, and an online questionnaire was used addressed to each of the residents of these regions between the ages of 20 and 55 and who are economically active. The objective of this manuscript is 1) to identify the effect that the website has on socially responsible buyers and their level of satisfaction; 2) to identify if socially responsible buyers have an effect on customer satisfaction; 3) on the other hand, to demonstrate if the buyer experience has a moderating effect between website security and socially responsible buyers; and 4) verify if the buyer experience has a moderating effect between socially responsible buyers and the level of customer satisfaction.
Organic Food Production and Consumption Policies and Strategies
Authors: Vargas-Hernández José G.
Published: June 2021

This chapter aims to analyze the main factors of the production and consumption of organic products, as well as their policies and strategies. The analysis is based on the premise of the sustainable development of the production, distribution, and consumption systems of organic products that have the potential to improve the quality of life levels of producers, consumers, and society. It is concluded that the production and consumption of organic food is based on a more favorable agriculture, as well as by providing more nutritious and healthy food for consumption.
Symbioses as an Alternative to Master/Slave for Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Riley John Thomas
Published: June 2021

Human society is facing enormous problems this century as result of our climate crisis. These problems include sea level rise and the loss of farming capability. Society will need all the new tools it can develop to address these problems. Artificial intelligence with deep learning is one of these powerful tools, and it is new. Exactly how it will be used has not been determined. The current approach to the human/AI interface is referred to as master/slave. The human simply tells the AI what to do. This arrangement has many problems, and replacing it has been suggested. One possible new arrangement is a human/AI symbiosis. This would require a long-term relationship between a specific human and a specific AI. A novel, Born to Storms, exploring this arrangement is discussed at length.
Knowledge Obsolescence and the Future of Work
Authors: Varanasi Bobby
Published: June 2021

The chapter delves into a range of influencing factors that are governing individual and corporate behavior, driven both by changing human circumstances—economic, social, and environmental—as well as rapid changes to organizational cultures and endeavors—models, markets, governance, customers, competition. A veritable confluence of these factors is impinging into workplaces in a never-before-seen manner, particularly in its inherent complexity and constant change. Jobs are being redefined, created, and eliminated at the same time, putting significant pressure on individuals seeking to pursue careers. Knowledge acquired over a certain period is becoming quickly obsolete, resulting in people having to shift gears quickly. Most fail, with consequences impacting both social structures and organizational cultures. Individual behavior is significantly deteriorating toward colloquialism driven by a sense of victimization. How do we address all these challenges and stay on top of the future? This chapter's aim is to distill the answers to this question.
Models for Strategic Thinking in Intelligence Analysis
Authors: Dall'Acqua Luisa
Published: June 2021

Intelligence is a field of activity that has a rich history, yet it still lacks clarity of definition and agreement. This is not to denigrate the performance of many of its practitioners; rather, these comments are designed to point up the fact that, despite the length and breadth of its historical practice, there is still much to do to explore the boundaries, opportunities, and limitations of the application of intelligence in the world of enforcement. The cultural roots of strategic intelligence is compelling and urgent not just for those involved with the professional intelligence community, but also for anyone seriously committed to interdisciplinary studies, cross-cultural understanding, and most importantly, to the development of a rigorous discipline of politics as well as cultural genetics. But strategic planning does not guarantee strategic thinking.