bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Collective Medical Knowledge and Tensions in Online ADHD Communities
Authors: Eagle Tessa
Published: February 2023

My proposed dissertation work highlights social media as digitally-mediated support for neurodivergent individuals. By adopting a critical disability theory lens, I critique the techno-solutionism currently present in digital mental health care. I argue that existing social media platforms can provide community support for neurodivergent individuals to step away from the individualistic approaches currently promoted by much digital mental health technology. These social media-based communities are providing an important service of care and collective knowledge for individuals going through similar experiences to find validation and a sense of agency regarding treatment options. My research will further explore the relationships neurodivergent individuals have had with diagnostic and care systems, as well as ongoing tensions with healthcare providers in both physical and digital spaces.
Extensive Recoding of the Neural Proteome in Cephalopods by RNA Editing
Authors: Rosenthal Joshua J.C. , Eisenberg Eli
Published: February 2023

The coleoid cephalopods have the largest brains, and display the most complex behaviors, of all invertebrates. The molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie these remarkable advancements remain largely unexplored. Early molecular cloning studies of squid ion channel transcripts uncovered an unusually large number of A→I RNA editing sites that recoded codons. Further cloning of other neural transcripts showed a similar pattern. The advent of deep-sequencing technologies and the associated bioinformatics allowed the mapping of RNA editing events across the entire neural transcriptomes of various cephalopods. The results were remarkable: They contained orders of magnitude more recoding editing sites than any other taxon. Although RNA editing sites are abundant in most multicellular metazoans, they rarely recode. In cephalopods, the majority of neural transcripts are recoded. Recent studies have focused on whether these events are adaptive, as well as other noncanonical aspects of cephalopod RNA editing.
Nonlinear Dynamics of a Nonlinear Damping Gyroscope and Its Passive Control
Authors: Hounnan Semedeton Olivier , Miwadinou Clement H. , Monwanou Vincent A.
Published: February 2023

This article deals with the analysis of the effects of passive control on the complex dynamics of a nonlinear damping gyroscope. After modeling the gyroscope dynamics under the influence of the control force, using the harmonic balance method, the amplitudes of the harmonic oscillations are determined. Subsequently, the Routh–Hurwitz criterion is used to analyze and determine the stability domains of the oscillations. The influence of the control force parameters on the amplitude of the oscillations is studied. The control of chaotic dynamics and the coexistence of gyroscope attractors are performed through bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, phase portraits, and time series. Numerical simulations are used to confirm the effectiveness of the control force. This article revealed that the amplitude of the harmonic oscillations, the chaotic dynamics, and the coexistence of the attractors of the rotating gyroscope are better controlled when the latter vibrates in the opposite direction to the passive control force.
Path Planning Algorithm for Unmanned Surface Vessel Based on Multiobjective Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Yang Caipei , Zhao Yingqi , Cai Xuan , Wei Wei , Feng Xingxing , Zhou Kaibo
Published: February 2023

It is challenging to perform path planning tasks in complex marine environments as the unmanned surface vessel approaches the goal while avoiding obstacles. However, the conflict between the two subtarget tasks of obstacle avoidance and goal approaching makes the path planning difficult. Thus, a path planning method for unmanned surface vessel based on multiobjective reinforcement learning is proposed under the complex environment with high randomness and multiple dynamic obstacles. Firstly, the path planning scene is set as the main scene, and the two subtarget scenes including obstacle avoidance and goal approaching are divided from it. The action selection strategy in each subtarget scene is trained through the double deep Q‐network with prioritized experience replay. A multiobjective reinforcement learning framework based on ensemble learning is further designed for policy integration in the main scene. Finally, by selecting the strategy from subtarget scenes in the designed framework, an optimized action selection strategy is trained and used for the action decision of the agent in the main scene. Compared with traditional value‐based reinforcement learning methods, the proposed method achieves a 93% success rate in path planning in simulation scenes. Furthermore, the average length of the paths planned by the proposed method is 3.28% and 1.97% shorter than that of PER‐DDQN and dueling DQN, respectively.
Limbal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Black Baldy Cow: Case Report and Surgical Treatment
Authors: Ng Alexandra T. J. , McMullen Richard J. , Shaw Gillian C. , Passler Thomas , Stockler Jenna
Published: February 2023

Objective. To document a case of limbal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in an adult Black Baldy cow treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunctive therapy following surgical excision. Animals Studied. One privately owned 8-year-old female, entire, Black Baldy cow. Procedures. A complete ophthalmic examination was performed on an adult Black Baldy cow for assessment of a mass affecting the left eye. Following a routine partial incision superficial lamellar keratectomy and conjunctivectomy under local analgesia using a Peterson retrobulbar block, photodynamic therapy was performed as an adjunctive treatment to lower the chance for recurrence and improve the prognosis for the globe. Results. Histopathologic analysis of the limbal mass was reported to be consistent with a squamous cell carcinoma, removed with clean margins. The patient was comfortable and visual with no signs of tumor recurrence 11 months after surgery. Conclusion. Superficial lamellar keratectomy and conjunctivectomy with adjunctive photodynamic therapy is an effective treatment for limbal squamous cell carcinoma and may be performed as an alternative to enucleation, exenteration, euthanasia, or slaughtering in cattle.
MACI “Sandwich” Technique for a Large Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesion: A Case Report
Authors: Desai Bhumit , Jacobs Graylin , Jones Deryk
Published: February 2023

There is widespread use of matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation. Initial use of autologous bone grafting in combination with the matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation procedure has shown efficacy in small- to medium-sized osteochondral lesions. This case report demonstrates use of the “Sandwich” technique in a large, deep osteochondritis dissecans lesion of the medial femoral condyle. Technical considerations that are key to containment of the lesion and outcomes are reported.
Individual and Herd‐Level Seroprevalence in Association with Potential Risk Factors of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs Collected from Urban, Periurban, and Rural Areas of Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Kardena I. Made , Adi Anak Agung Ayu Mirah , Astawa I. Nyoman Mantik , O’Dea Mark , Robertson Ian , Sahibzada Shafi , Bruce Mieghan
Published: February 2023

A study to assess the seroprevalence antibodies against JEV in pigs in Denpasar, Badung, and Karangasem as the representatives of urban, periurban, and rural areas in the province of Bali was conducted. Sampled pigs’ blood was collected and their sera were tested for antibody detection using commercial IgG ELISA. A standard questionnaire was used to interview the pig owners or farmers to identify the determinants associated with the seropositivity of the antibodies. Overall, 96.6% (95% CI: 94.5–98.1) of 443 pig sera in individual animal‐level seroprevalence were seropositive to the ELISA. Karangasem had the highest test prevalence at 97.3% (95% CI: 93.1–99.2) while Badung had a slightly lower prevalence at 96.6% (95% CI: 92.2–98.9), and Denpasar had the lowest prevalence at 96% (95% CI: 91.5–98.5) (p = 0.84). In herd‐level seroprevalence, all sampled herds contained one or more seropositive pigs (overall herd‐level seroprevalence 100% [95% CI: 97.7–100]). No animal‐level factors were significantly associated with seropositivity (all p values >0.05). For the herd‐level risk factors relating to pig management and husbandry practices adopted, no analysis model could be generated, as all the sampled herds were seropositive. More than 90% seroprevalence detected in this study indicates high natural JEV infection occurred in pigs, which highlights the high public health risk of the infection in the areas.
An Improved Breadth‐First Search Method Based on Information Interaction Applied for Power Network Topology Analysis
Authors: Bian Haihong , Guo Zhengyang , Wang Ximeng , Zhou Chengang , Bing Shengwei , Zhang Zhiyuan
Published: February 2023

With the rapid development of new energy resources and diversified load, power network topology data have grown swiftly. To meet the needs of the smart grid dispatching system, the power network topology analysis to support the marketing, power distribution, and other businesses in the operation of the grid has become one of the bottlenecks in the development of the smart grid. In the power grid, the outgoing lines of some generators are directly connected to the transformer, and during the busbar analysis, the nodes only adjacent to the transformer components will be identified as independent busbars. Therefore, a new method of node numbering optimization is proposed, in which the nodes adjacent to the switch are numbered preferentially. On this basis, a new abstract description method of adjacency relations and an improved breadth‐first search method based on information interaction are proposed. Finally, simulation experiments are carried out in power grids with three different scales. The simulation results show that the algorithm can quickly and accurately realize power network topology analysis in the large‐scale power grid, and the operating efficiency is improved by about 20% compared with the traditional algorithm.
A transdisciplinaridade na média-arte digital enquanto processo de criação-investigação
Authors: Marcos Adérito Fernandes , Mucheroni Marcos Luiz , Pereira Selma
Published: February 2023

Neste artigo, realizamos uma análise crítica e discussão sustentada acerca dos traços de transdisciplinaridade presentes na média-arte digital tanto enquanto processo criativo como também de investigação. Na análise, contrapomos os princípios da transdisciplinaridade conforme expressos na Carta da Transdisciplinaridade de 1994 e ainda o pensamento contemporâneo definidor e problematizador de um conjunto de autores de referência, complementado com as características definidoras e empíricas da média-arte digital, dando-se especial ênfase ao ciclo de criação-investigação que lhe está subjacente. Este ciclo é central na média-arte digital, um movimento artístico que se deixa instanciar por meio de artefatos, instalações e performances artísticas que são parte integrante e indissociável da nossa contemporaneidade digital.
Intersecções estéticas e poéticas no artivismo contemporâneo: arte computacional, audiovisual e generativa
Authors: Veiga Pedro Alves da
Published: February 2023

Este artigo propõe a exploração das intersecções da imagem e do som, e da estética e da poética, nos novos formatos artísticos digitais generativos de índole ativista. Para isso, analisa a criação de dois artefactos computacionais audiovisuais e generativos que são, simultaneamente, objetos artísticos socialmente interventivos. Através do seu estudo, o presente texto vem propor uma abordagem sistemática à análise e criação deste tipo de obras, incluindo aspetos participativos mais característicos do ativismo, mas menos da criação artística. Por via dessa análise procurar-se-á relevar o papel que os diferentes média podem desempenhar no processo de comunicação, bem como dos impactos estéticos (sensoriais) e poéticos (cognitivos e comunicacionais) possibilitados pela sua utilização conjunta.
Evocations that haunt the computer interface
Authors: Chesher Chris
Published: February 2023

Although computers are rationalist, they recall the occult in answering users’ invocations with evocations. Invocations call non-humans for signs during crises. Outputs are evocative signs with affective impact and meaning. While legacy media are evocative, transporting or broadcasting signs, invocational media creates networked cybernetic relations in a lively quasi-magical communication. This article evaluates the evocative intensity of two invocational works that recall the mystical heritages of technology: Silent Hill, a horror video game series, and Ai-Da, a robot artist.
Apresentação do dossiê “tecnologias de inovação”
Authors: Araujo Denize
Published: February 2023

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A Formação Ferrífera São João Marcos: um exemplo de formação ferrífera tipo Algoma Neoproterozoico no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Azevedo Ariane Felix Coelho , Nunes Rodrigo Peternel Machado , Mendes Julio Cezar
Published: February 2023

A Formação Ferrífera São João Marcos (FFSJM), localizada próximo ao município de Rio Claro, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, teve seus aspectos genéticos aqui estudados por meio de mapeamento geológico, petrografia e geoquímica. Na área mapeada, a FFSJM, de idade neoproterozoica, ocorre intimamente associada a rochas metamáficas e metaultramáficas, que ocorrem sobre embasamento arqueano a paleoproterozoico e estão sobrepostas por outras litologias, quartzitos puros a impuros, silimanita quartzito e (silimanita)-granada-biotita gnaisse, em ordem, da base para o topo, estruturadas em umagrande sinformal revirada. A petrografia da formação ferrífera indica composição modal, em sua maioria, de quartzo e magnetita titanífera, com pequenas quantidades de outros minerais (e.g. ferrosilita, muscovita, granada, zircão, turmalina, feldspatos e anfibólios); as rochas metamáficas são compostas basicamente por plagioclásio e hornblenda em proporções diversas, e as metaultramáficas, essencialmente por anfibólios e piroxênios. A litoquímica de elementos maiores, traço e terras raras da FFSJM demonstra forte correlação negativa entre SiO2 e Fe2O3t, e fortes semelhanças entre os padrões clássicos da literatura, principalmente com o tipo Algoma Neoproterozoico, além de características de precipitados químicos. Para as rochas máficas e ultramáficas, a geoquímica aponta para geração em contexto intracontinental. Essas informações de campo e petrografia, associadas com a geoquímica de rocha total e mineral, sugerem formação ferrífera gerada em ambiente extensional no Neoproterozoico, possivelmente acompanhando a quebra do supercontinente Rodínia. Trata-se do primeiro exemplo de formação ferrífera do tipo Algoma Neoproterozoico no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Caracterização das voçorocas da área urbana de Rio Preto da Eva (AM), Norte do Brasil
Authors: Vieira Antonio Fábio Sabbá Guimarães , Lima Carla Maria Rodrigues de , Silva Gabriela Mendonça da
Published: February 2023

A pesquisa apresenta o resultado do monitoramento das voçorocas existentes na área urbana da cidade de Rio Preto da Eva (AM), a caracterização do ambiente no entorno das incisões e o acompanhamento da expansão destas a partir de imagens de alta resolução espacial oriundas do veículo aéreo não tripulado (VANT). Assim, por meio das imagens geradas, foi possível calcular as taxas de erosão linear, fazer previsões de risco para cada incisão e estimar os danos materiais e os possíveis custos de contenção para cada incisão. Ao final, três voçorocas foram encontradas no perímetro urbano de Rio Preto da Eva. A primeira foi descrita como tendo forma bifurcada, tipo conectada, área de abrangência de 716,56 m2, volume erodido de 7.667,19 m3 e danos materiais de R$ 32.424,34; a segunda tinha forma retangular, tipo conectada, área de abrangência de 4.232,33 m2, volume erodido de 94.804,19 m3 e danos materiais de R$ 98.190,05; e a terceira apresentava forma retangular, tipo conectada, área de abrangência de 1.168,31 m2, volume erodido de 20.795,91 m3 e danos materiais de R$ 38.764,52. As 3 incisões provocaram, além da perda de área (6.117,20 m2) e do volume erodido (123.267,29 m3), o assoreamento dos canais a jusante. Os danos em termos reais relativos à área somam R$ 169.378,91, ou US$ 32.953,09, sendo que os custos de contenção totalizaram R$ 1.886.544,48 ou US$ 367.032 em 31 de agosto de 2021. Portanto, do ponto de vista ambiental e financeiro, as medidas preventivas seriam mais econômicas e viáveis, evitando, assim, o surgimento dessas voçorocas.
O Terreno Tectonoestratigráfico São Pedro: Oeste da Zona Transversal – Província Borborema
Authors: Neves Benjamim Bley de Brito , Santos Ticiano José Saraiva dos , Dantas Elton Luiz
Published: February 2023

Com a presente publicação, completa-se a descrição das frações de embasamento da Província Borborema com o terreno tectonoestratigráfico da parte central da referida província (usualmente chamada de Zona Transversal), que é parcialmente coberta pelos sedimentos gondwânicos da Sinéclise do Parnaíba, na maior parte ocidental da província e de seu embasamento (supostos meta-crátons detectados por geofísica). O embasamento deste terreno tectonoestratigráfico “São Pedro”, na sua parte mais ocidental é composto por rochas arqueanas (meso e neoarqueanas, com alguns traços paleoarqueanos) na sua porção mais ocidental (folhas de Patos do Piauí e Simões, no Estado do Piauí). Há passagem para rochas paleoproterozoicas que predominam nas folhas de Ouricuri e Bodocó (Estado de Pernambuco). Como limite sul e sudeste destes terrenos pré-paleozoicos, encontra-se uma faixa orogênica longa e linear (SW-NE), chamada de Ouricuri-Bodocó. Esta faixa orogênica de evolução no ciclo Brasiliano apresenta uma faixa de rochas na fácies anfibolito (situada mais ao sul), metassedimentares e metavulcânicas, e uma outra faixa de rochas metassedimentares clásticas e calciossilicáticas na fácies xisto verde (situada mais ao norte, bordejando o Terreno São Pedro). Estas faixas são intrudidas por diferentes conjuntos de granitos brasilianos. A faixa orogênica brasiliana, ao sul, encontra-se circundando outro terreno tectonoestratigráfico já conhecido e muito discutido em várias teses e trabalhos prévios (Terreno Icaiçara). Ambos os limites norte e sul da faixa orogênica Ouricuri-Bodocó são bem-marcados por zonas de cisalhamento policíclicas, associadas com empurrões. Ao sul de Exu (Pernambuco), um pequeno paleorifte pode ser observado (como um antigo aulacógeno), agora protagonizando interessante e possível exemplo de impactógeno.
Bioética e Coronavirus: insumos para políticas públicas
Authors: Godoy-Flores Iván
Published: February 2023

É eticamente defendível restringir as liberdades em a favor da saúde? É correto proteger a saúde a custa de outros bens? E é indefinidamente ou até que ponto? Devemos evitar a perda de vidas humanas sem considerar a consequências? Se devemos salvar vidas, valem todas iguais? Devemos comparar o valor da vida com outros valores? Estas e outras interrogantes éticas intentam ser respondidas pelo Dr. Prof. Daniel Loewe no livro Ética y Coronavirus, publicado pela editora Fondo de Cultura Económica, ainda sem tradução para o português. Trata-se de um livro de 227 páginas divididas em cinco capítulos cuja linha condutora é o coronavirus não situado necessariamente no Chile, mas com uma narrativa que vislumbra realidades do mundo inteiro. Estes capítulos são: 1. Dios y el coronavirus; 2. Libertad y coronavirus; 3. Coronavirus y utilidade; 4. Deberes y coronavirus; e 5. El fin del mundo.
Centaurea dolopica (Asteraceae, Cardueae), a new species of section Acrocentron from Greece
Authors: ZOGRAFIDIS ARIS , KOUTROUMPA KONSTANTINA , LIVERI ELENI , DIMOPOULOS PANAYOTIS
Published: February 2023

Centaurea dolopica from Omvriaki area in Central Greece is described and illustrated as a species new to science based on morphological and molecular evidence. Detailed description of the new species, distribution, ecology, conservation status, as well as comparison with closely related species are provided. Individuals of Centaurea dolopica were also examined karyologically resulting to the chromosome number 2n = 2x = 22 accompanied by comprehensive karyotype analysis. Phylogenetic study including the new species and major representatives of Centaurea section Acrocentron was conducted using two nuclear markers (ITS, ETS). The results revealed the placement of Centaurea dolopica in the Greek-Aegean clade of the section in close evolutionary relationship with the members of the C. achaia group, corroborating the morphological and karyological data.
Lectotypification and a new synonym of Neothorelia laotica (Resedaceae)
Authors: SHEN JIAN-YONG
Published: February 2023

The genus Neothorelia Gagnep. (1908a: 269) is represented by only one species Neothorelia laotica (1908a: 269). The type specimens were collected from Luang Prabang in Laos, and later several specimens were collected from Chiang Mai in northern Thailand. No specimens have been recorded from other countries.
Pseudothinusa sunahama, a new genus and species of the tribe Athetini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from sandy beaches in Japan
Authors: TASAKU YUTO , MARUYAMA MUNETOSHI
Published: February 2023

Pseudothinusa sunahama Tasaku & Maruyama gen. et sp. nov. (Aleocharinae) is described based on specimens collected from sandy beaches on the islands of Hokkaidô, Honshû, Shikoku, and Kyûshû, Japan. Pseudothinusa sunahama is the first Japanese athetine species discovered with spines on the front and middle tibiae.
Occurrence of the milk-eye catshark Apristurus nakayai (Carcharhiniformes: Pentanchidae) from the South China Sea
Authors: NG SHING-LAI , LIU KWANG-MING , JOUNG SHOOU-JENG
Published: February 2023

The milk-eye catshark Apristurus nakayai Iglésias, 2012 was known from three specimens in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. Six specimens were recently collected from the South China Sea. It belongs to the brunneus group, and superficially resembles A. platyrhynchus Tanaka, 1909. Apristurus nakayai differs from A. platyrhynchus by the following characters: iris shiny white when fresh; body brownish black to black; second dorsal-fin insertion above or slightly in front of the anal-fin insertion; denticles absent inside mouth; and maturing at about 400 mm TL in both sexes. The occurrence of Apristurus nakayai from the South China Sea represents the first record in the northern Hemisphere, and a substantial distributional range extension (ca. 4665 km).
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles UsingCitrullus colocynthisFruit Extract and the Eutectic-Based Ionic Liquid: Thin Film Application
Authors: Barzinjy Azeez Abdullah , Haji Banaz Shahab , Fouad Hassan
Published: February 2023

Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) are of great importance owing to their unique distinctiveness and potential requests in numerous applications. Recently, silver (Ag) NPs, due to their unique and extraordinary properties, has been of interest to a large number of researchers. Overall, there are three essential approaches for manufacturing NPs, namely; chemical, physical and biological or green approaches. In the present study, Ag NPs have been synthesized usingCitrullus colocynthisfruit extract and a eutectic-based ionic liquid, as a reducing, capping and stabilizing agent. Additionally, these mediums are one-pot, environmentally friendly and economic for synthesizing pure, stable, highly crystalline, thermally stable NPs. Then the biosynthesized Ag NPs were identified by means of diverse description methods to investigate their size, purity, stability, degree of crystallinity, structure, thermal and optical properties. Afterward, the biosynthesized Ag NPs, from both mediums, has been utilized for thin film preparation using the spin-coating method. The p-type silicon (100) wafer utilized as a substrate and the Ag NPs disseminated on the substrate homogeneously. The utilized characterization showed that the synthesized Ag NPs thin film possesses highly standard properties of thin film in which can be utilized for photovoltaic devices.
Edge Porous NiO Hexagonal Nanosheets as Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
Authors: Ma Caiyu , Zeng Qi , Li Wenyao
Published: February 2023

Utilization of two-dimensional materials containing high specific surface area and suitable pore size for electrode materials in supercapacitors is proving to be a promising strategy for energy storage and energy conversion. Transition metal oxides with high natural abundance as well
as excellent electrochemical properties have been investigated. NiO materials have been widely used as pseudocapacitors in aqueous electrolytes. However, different synthesis methods can markedly affect the electrochemical performance and lifetime of the materials. In this work, the Ni(OH)2
precursors were etched with ammonia at high temperature and pressure using a hydrothermal approach, which resulted in a material with a suitable pore size and a large number of active sites on the edge part. Electrochemical tests and characterization revealed the superiority of the materials
prepared by this synthetic method as pseudocapacitors electrode materials as well as a new synthetic idea for commercial production.
Application of Combined Prediction Model in Surface Roughness Prediction
Authors: Li Qinghua , Ma Chunlu , Wang Chunyu , Lu Zhengxi , Zhang Shihong
Published: February 2023

In order to improve the stability work piece surface roughness prediction model after machining, LM algorithm, least squares algorithm and proportional conjugate gradient algorithm are used to build the prediction model of the cutting process of AL-7075 aluminum alloy. Two error
analysis methods are used to compare the combination model with other single models. The study found that the forecasting model is more accurate and stable than the single forecasting model, and closer to the actual measurement results. The combination model provides a new way to predict the
surface roughness of the work piece after machining and provides a theoretical basis for selecting the three main factors of machining.
Anatomy of a Summertime Convective Event over the Arabian Region
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Deepak , Taraphdar Sourav , Pauluis Olivier M. , Xue Lulin , Ajayamohan R. S. , Al Shamsi Noor , Chen Sisi , Lee Jared A. , Grabowski Wojciech W. , Liu Changhai , Tessendorf Sarah A. , Rasmussen Roy M.
Published: February 2023

This study investigates the structure and evolution of a summertime convective event that occurred on 14 July 2015 over the Arabian region. We use the WRF Model with 1-km horizontal grid spacing and test three PBL parameterizations: the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN) scheme; the Asymmetrical Convective Model, version 2, (ACM2) scheme; and the quasi-normal scale-elimination (QNSE) scheme. Convection initiates near the Al Hajar Mountains of northern Oman at around 1100 local time (LT; 0700 UTC) and propagates northwestward. A nonorographic convective band along the west coast of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) develops after 1500 LT as a result of the convergence of cold pools with the sea breeze from the Arabian Gulf. The model simulation employing the QNSE scheme simulates the convection initiation and propagation well. Although the MYNN and ACM2 simulations show convective initiation near the Al Hajar Mountains, they fail to simulate the development of the convective band along the UAE west coast. The MYNN run simulates colder near-surface temperatures and a weaker sea breeze, whereas the ACM2 run simulates a stronger sea breeze but a drier lower troposphere. Sensitivity simulations using horizontal grid spacings of 9 and 3 km show that lower-resolution runs develop broader convective structures and weaker cold pools and horizontal wind divergence, affecting the development of convection along the west coast of the UAE. The 1-km run using the QNSE PBL scheme realistically captures the sequence of events that leads to the moist convection over the UAE and adjacent mountains.
From agonistic to insurgent democracy
Authors: Buti Lorenzo
Published: February 2023

This article uncovers an internal tension within theories of agonistic democracy. On the one hand, as radical pluralists, agonistic democrats want to institute a ‘symmetrical’ political scene where different identities can struggle on an equally legitimate basis. On the other hand, they often normatively prioritize the struggles of oppressed groups against domination. In response, this article proposes to collapse any strict distinction between pluralism and social relations of domination. The result is a move from agonistic to insurgent democracy, where insurgent struggles against domination give the central impetus to any democracy. To do so, it turns to the writings of Étienne Balibar, who argues that most, if not all, symmetrical political conflict is built on asymmetrical forms of domination or oppression. This leads us to develop an account of democratic conflict that is incessantly asymmetrical. Finally, this article suggests an alternative way of rescuing the political principle of pluralism cherished by agonistic democrats. Balibar’s writings on the ‘ideology of the dominated’ show that every insurgent struggle expresses itself ideologically, which harbours the risk of obscuring other forms of domination. Therefore, democracy is not only kept alive by insurgent movements, it requires that the latter democratize themselves by maintaining a permanent openness to alternative calls against domination or oppression.
Undergraduate language programmes in England: A widening participation crisis
Authors: Muradás-Taylor Becky
Published: February 2023

England has a language education crisis: fewer people are studying languages at school and university language programmes are closing. This study analyses data from the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS), the UK admissions service for higher education. The study quantifies how entry tariff and socioeconomic background affect access to language degree programmes. The results show that (1) the number of students studying languages and number of languages offered correlate with entry tariff and (2) the probability of a university offering languages and probability of it offering a range of at least five languages correlate with entry tariff and the percentage of students from less privileged socioeconomic backgrounds. Thus a widening participation crisis is highlighted: while many young people are unable to access language degree programmes, a small proportion, with the highest tariffs, can choose from a range of at least five languages. To combat the crisis, a Widening Participation Languages Network has been launched, supporting universities offering languages at below-average entry tariffs.
The Willpower Paradox: Possible and Impossible Conceptions of Self-Control
Authors: Goschke Thomas , Job Veronika
Published: February 2023

Self-control denotes the ability to override current desires to render behavior consistent with long-term goals. A key assumption is that self-control is required when short-term desires are transiently stronger (more preferred) than long-term goals and people would yield to temptation without exerting self-control. We argue that this widely shared conception of self-control raises a fundamental yet rarely discussed conceptual paradox: How is it possible that a person most strongly desires to perform a behavior (e.g., eat chocolate) and at the same time desires to recruit self-control to prevent themselves from doing it? A detailed analysis reveals that three common assumptions about self-control cannot be true simultaneously. To avoid the paradox, any coherent theory of self-control must abandon either the assumption (a) that recruitment of self-control is an intentional process, or (b) that humans are unitary agents, or (c) that self-control consists in overriding the currently strongest desire. We propose a taxonomy of different kinds of self-control processes that helps organize current theories according to which of these assumptions they abandon. We conclude by outlining unresolved questions and future research perspectives raised by different conceptions of self-control and discuss implications for the question of whether self-control can be considered rational.
Exploring Social Media Commentary Pertaining to Physical and Sexual Abuse in South Korean Ice-Skating
Authors: Lee Youngjik , Pond Addison , Kulkarni Achyut , Frederick Evan
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine how South Korean individuals responded to Olympic short track speed skater Shim Suk-hee’s sexual abuse accusations toward her former coach Cho Jae-bum, as well as the perceptions associated with the culture of South Korea’s elite sport organization, the Korea Skating Union. Specifically, Facebook comments made to posts on the three digital news platforms (Dispatch, Insight, and SBS News) in South Korea were analyzed through the lens of framing theory. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis. Three themes emerged inductively from the data analysis including (a) emotions; (b) punishment for authority figures; and (c) further investigations of similar cases. Comments illustrated South Korean publics’ anger with their desire to see Cho face stricter punishment for his abuse of Shim. In addition, comments discussed calling for more thorough investigations into similar cases of abuse. Lastly, South Korean individuals showed an overall dissatisfaction of the current system and culture of the Korean Skating Union without transparency.
Can Serum Fetuin-A be Used as a Marker for Cardiovascular Involvement in Psoriatic Patients?
Authors: Saleh Hanan M. , Sheha Aliaa S. , Eskander Nardeen N. , Elhawatky Ahmed F. , Hassen Samah I.
Published: February 2023

Background

Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disorder. It is associated with increased risk of developing other chronic health diseases such cardiovascular disorders. Fetuin A is a glycoprotein that is present in blood serum. It may prevent vascular calcification by forming calciprotien particles; which are formed from their attachment with phosphate and calcium complexes.

Aim

The aim of this study was to measure serum Fetuin A in Psoriatic patients and correlate its level with cardiac events and risks in these patients using CT calcium (Ca) scoring.

Patients and Methods

24 psoriatic patients (healthy without apparent cardiac risks to detect subclinical events if present) and 24 age and sex matched controls were tested for serum Fetuin A and underwent coronary calcium scoring by multidetector computed tomography (CT) scan. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score for each patient was measured and was correlated with serum Fetuin A and CT calcium (Ca) scoring. Serum Fetuin A was compared between cases and controls and was correlated with coronary calcium score.

Results

There was highly statistically significant decrease in serum Fetuin A level in psoriatic group compared to control group ( P-value < .001). There was highly statistically significant negative correlation between calcium score and the level of serum Fetuin A ( P-value < .001). No statistically significant correlation was found between the serum level of Fetuin A and the psoriasis severity.

Conclusion

Serum Fetuin A is a simple, easy diagnostic tool to evaluate subclinical atherosclerosis in psoriatic patients
Improving patient safety: Did we learn from the story of Jean-Pierre Adams?
Authors: Azilagbetor David Mawufemor , Jawara Maimuna
Published: February 2023

The safety of surgery and anesthesia has seen many advances over the last several decades; however, the frequency of complications experienced by patients undergoing surgical operations remains high. Most of these complications are avoidable, with a considerable portion of surgical patient injuries originating from human factors. Telling stories and assessing what went wrong and why for lessons to be learned are proven methods used to improve patient safety in anesthesia. In this narrative, we revisited a case of an anesthesia mishap that occurred in 1982, leaving the victim in a coma for nearly four decades until his death in September 2021. The patient reported for his operation, but a number of the hospital's staff were on strike. His operation, however, went ahead and the reduction in anesthesia care team members and its consequential increase in workload resulted in a series of avoidable errors. Decades after this event, many of the issues identified still remain a challenge in anesthesia care; there are still lessons to learn. We identified and discussed three major issues of concern: the non-cancellation of his procedure amid a strike action, giving a delicate anesthetic duty to a trainee without active supervision, and poor coordination and teamwork among team members in the operating room.
Development and evaluation of the Acromegaly Symptom Diary
Authors: Martin Susan , Bender Randall H. , Krasner Alan , Marmon Tonya , Monahan Michael , Nelson Lauren
Published: February 2023

Background

Patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are important to consider when evaluating treatments, yet there are no PRO measures for patients with acromegaly that have been developed in accordance with US Food and Drug Administration guidance. Acromegaly is a rare, chronic condition caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone. Disease activity is monitored by measurement in serum of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I. The objectives of this research were to develop the Acromegaly Symptom Diary (ASD), establish a scoring algorithm, and evaluate the psychometric measurement properties of the ASD.

Methods

Semistructured interviews consisting of concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing components were conducted with 16 adult participants with acromegaly. The concept elicitation component identified symptoms important to individuals with acromegaly. The cognitive debriefing component gathered information about the participants’ experience with each proposed item of the ASD, their thought process for answering each question, and their interpretation of the items. The psychometric properties of the draft ASD were then evaluated using data from the ACROBAT Evolve (NCT03792555; n = 13) and ACROBAT Edge (NCT03789656; n = 47) clinical trials.

Results

The 16 participants from the interviews described ongoing symptoms, with the most frequently reported being joint pain (n = 13) and fatigue (n = 12), followed by swelling (n = 8), headache (n = 7), and mood swings (n = 6), and were able to interpret and understand the ASD items and had no issues with the 24-hour recall period. From data collected in the clinical studies, the psychometric properties of internal consistency (0.91 − 0.80), test-retest reliability with item-level and total ASD scores (> 0.70), baseline construct validity (r ≥ |0.38|) across scales, and responsiveness to change (r = 0.52–0.56) were supported for the ASD. The proposed preliminary threshold range to characterize a meaningful change from the patients’ perspective for the ASD total is a 4- to 6-point change for improvement or worsening out of a total score of 70.

Conclusion

These findings provide qualitative and quantitative evidence to support the ASD as fit for the purpose of evaluating the symptom experience of patients with acromegaly in clinical trials.
Efficacy and tolerability of psychostimulants for symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in preschool children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiu Hsien-Jane , Sun Cheuk-Kwan , Cheng Yu-Shian , Wang Ming Yu , Tzang Ruu-Fen , Lin Feng-Li , Cheng Ying-Chih , Chung Weilun
Published: February 2023

Background

There was no previous meta-analysis investigating the efficacy/tolerability of psychostimulants for symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in preschool children.

Methods

Databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to March 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on therapeutic efficacy of psychostimulants against ADHD symptoms in preschool children (age ≤6 years) compared with placebos. Primary outcomes were (a) changes in ADHD symptoms evaluated by validated rating scales from parents’/teacher’s observation, or (b) post-intervention improvements in neuropsychological performance. Secondary outcomes were risks of adverse events.

Results

Meta-analysis of nine eligible trials including 544 preschool children (mean age=4.86 years, female=11.98%, median treatment duration=4.33 weeks) supported the efficacy of psychostimulants against global symptoms from observations of parents (Hedges’ g=0.6152, p<0.0001) and teachers (Hedges’ g=0.6563, p=0.0039). Efficacy of psychostimulants was also noted against symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity, especially the latter (i.e., main symptoms in preschool children). Moreover, male gender, older age, and longer treatment duration were associated with better efficacy. Regarding adverse events, only the risk of poor appetite was higher in the psychostimulant group (odds ratio [OR]=2.39). However, the qualities of evidence were low to very low, indicating potential discrepancy between the true and estimated effect.

Conclusions

Our results showed that psychostimulants might be beneficial for preschool children with ADHD, especially hyperactivity/impulsivity from teachers’ observation, with tolerable side effects. Nevertheless, the true magnitude of the effect needs to be confirmed with more research due to low to very low certainty of the evidence.
Risk of Tract Seeding Following Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy for Brain Tumors
Authors: Haskell-Mendoza Aden P. , Srinivasan Ethan S. , Lerner Emily C. , Edwards Ryan M. , Schwalb Allison M. , Jackson Joshua D. , Hardigan Andrew A. , Vaios Eugene J. , Fecci Peter E.
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

The management of intracranial oncological disease remains a significant challenge despite advances in systemic cancer therapy. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) represents a novel treatment for local control of brain tumors through photocoagulation with a stereotactically implanted laser fiber. Because the use of laser interstitial thermal therapy continues to increase within neurosurgery, characterization of LITT is necessary to improve outcomes.

OBJECTIVE:

To quantify the risk of tumor seeding along the laser fiber tract in patients receiving LITT for primary or metastatic brain tumors at a high-volume treatment center.

METHODS:

We retrospectively reviewed all patients receiving LITT from 2015 to 2021 at our medical center. Patients with biopsy-confirmed tumors were included in this study. Tract seeding was identified as discontinuous, newly enhancing tumor along the LITT tract.

RESULTS:

Fifty-six patients received LITT for biopsy-confirmed tumors from 2015 to 2021, with tract seeding identified in 3 (5.4%). Twenty-nine (51.8%) patients had gliomas, while the remainder had metastases, of which lung was the most common histology (20 patients, 74%). Tract seeding was associated with ablation proceeding inward from superficial tumor margin closest to the cranial entry point (P = .03). Patients with tract seeding had a shorter median time to progression of 1.1 (0.1-1.3) months vs 4.2 (2.2-8.6) months (P = .03).

CONCLUSION:

Although the risk of tract seeding after LITT is reassuringly low, it is associated with decreased progression-free survival. This risk may be related to surgical technique or experience. Follow-up radiosurgery to the LITT tract has the potential to prevent this complication.
Contribution of High-Intensity Interval Exercise in the Fasted State to Fat Browning: Potential Roles of Lactate and β-Hydroxybutyrate
Authors: KIM SUJIN , PARK DONG-HO , LEE SANG-HYUN , KWAK HYO-BUM , KANG JU-HEE
Published: February 2023

Purpose

Fat browning contributes to energy consumption and may have metabolic benefits against obesity; however, the potential roles of lactate and β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) in fat browning remain unclear. We investigated the roles of a single bout of aerobic exercise that increases lactate and β-HB levels in the fasted state on the regulation of fat browning in rats and humans.

Methods

Male Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to 24-h fasting and/or a single bout moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (40 min): sedentary (CON), exercise (ND-EX), fasting (FAST), and exercise + fasting (F-EX). Adult men (n = 13) were randomly assigned into control with food intake (CON), exercise with intensity at onset of blood lactate accumulation in the fasted state (F-OBLA), and high-intensity interval exercise in the fasted state (F-HIIE) until each participant expended 350 kcal of energy. For evaluating the effects of exercise intensity in rats, we conducted another set of animal experiment, including groups of sedentary fed control, fasting control, and exercise with moderate-intensity or HIIE for 40 min after a 24-h fasting.

Results

Regardless of fasting, single bout of exercise increases the concentration of lactate and β-HB in rats, but the exercise in the fasted state increases the β-HB level more significantly in rats and humans. F-EX-activated fat browning (AMPK–SirT1–PGC1α pathway and PRDM16) and thermogenic factor (UCP1) in white fat of rats. In rats and humans, exercise in the fasted state increased the blood levels of fat browning–related adipomyokines. In particular, compared with F-OBLA, F-HIIE more efficiently increases free fatty acid as well as blood levels of fat browning adipomyokines in humans, which was correlated with blood levels of lactate and β-HB. In rats that performed exercise with different intensity, the higher plasma lactate and β-HB levels, and higher expression of p-AMPK, UCP1, and PRDM16 in white adipose tissue of HIIE group than those of moderate-intensity group, were observed.

Conclusions

A single bout of aerobic exercise in the fasted state significantly induced fat browning–related pathways, free fatty acid, and adipomyokines, particularly F-HIIE in human. Although further evidence for supporting our results is required in humans, aerobic exercise in the fasted state with high intensity that increase lactate and β-HB may be a modality of fat browning.
Erythropoietin as banned substance in professional sports: effects on maximal aerobic capacity, endurance and detection methods - a review
Authors: Aghadi Artur , Dybała Ewelina , Cuber Iwona , Mazurek Magdalena , Białowąs Edyta
Published: February 2023

Introduction and purpose: Erythropoietin (Epo) and its analogs used as performance-enhancing substance and are considered doping and are therefore forbidden in sports, however the scientific evidence behind doping is frequently weak. We aimed to determine the effects erythropoietin on maximal aerobic capacity(VO₂ max), endurence and to present direct detection methods. 
State of knowledge: Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein cytokine. During cellular hypoxia, Epo is secreted mainly by the kidneys, it stimulates bone marrow production of red blood cells. To compensate for normal red cell turnover, low levels of Epo are constantly secreted in sufficient quantities. In addition to anemia and chronic lung disease, cellular hypoxia can result in elevated levels of Epo. VO₂ max is the peak volume of oxygen that a person can consume during exercise. Essential for breathing, oxygen is inhaled by the lungs and converted into energy, which then fuels human cells and expels carbon dioxide in the exhaled breath. This allows the body to manage more efficiently aerobic workouts that involve a large amount of oxygen intake, such as running, swimming or other cardio exercises. 
Conclusions: Current data from PubMed indicate a significant relationship between Epo overuse and endurance in professional sports. That is one of the most important reasons to pay attention to the effects of EPO and new detection methods.