bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of screen time, quality of sleep and dry eye in college-going women of Northern India
Authors: Gupta Parul Chawla , Rana Minakshi , Ratti Mamta , Duggal Mona , Agarwal Aniruddha , Khurana Surbhi , Jugran Deepak , Bhargava Nisha , Ram Jagat
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

To evaluate the association of daily screen time and quality of sleep with the prevalence of dry eye among college-going women.

Methods:

This study was a cross-sectional, comparative questionnaire-based study of 547 college-going women in northern India. A 10-item Mini Sleep Questionnaire was used to check the quality of sleep, and the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) scale was used to examine the prevalence of dry eye among college-going women.

Results:

Multinomial logistic regression showed a significant association between dry eye with daily screen time spent (P < 0.05) and the quality of sleep (P < 0.05) among college-going girls. Using Latent Class Analysis, two latent classes were selected based on the Bayesian Information Criteria. It was found that the majority population falls in class two and was having Severe Sleep-Wake difficulty. It was seen that the participants in class two belonged to the age bracket of 18–21 years, were from stream Humanities, education of father and mother equal to graduation, father working only, belonging to the nuclear family, having one sibling, hailing from the urban locality, spending more than 6 h daily on-screen, a majority of them using mobile phones, not using eye lubricants, and reported an increase in screen time during COVID-19.

Conclusion:

Dry eye and sleep quality are essential global health issues, and coupled with increased screen time, may pose a challenge in the present era. Preventive strategies need to be incorporated in school and college curriculums to promote physical, social, and psychological well-being and quality of life.
Therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in rats with optic nerve injury
Authors: Looi Sook Y. , Bastion Mae-Lynn C , Leow Sue N , Luu Chi D , Hairul N MH , Ruhaslizan Raduan , Wong Hon S , Haslina Abdul H Wan , Ng Min H , Ruszymah B Hj Idrus , Then Kong Y
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

There are no effective treatments currently available for optic nerve transection injuries. Stem cell therapy represents a feasible future treatment option. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation in rats with optic nerve injury.

Methods:

Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: a no-treatment control group (n = 6), balanced salt solution (BSS) treatment group (n = 6), and hUC-MSCs treatment group (n = 6). Visual functions were assessed by flash visual evoked potential (fVEP) at baseline, Week 3, and Week 6 after optic nerve crush injury. Right eyes were enucleated after 6 weeks for histology.

Results:

The fVEP showed shortened latency delay and increased amplitude in the hUC-MSCs treated group compared with control and BSS groups. Higher cellular density was detected in the hUC-MSC treated group compared with the BSS and control groups. Co-localized expression of STEM 121 and anti-S100B antibody was observed in areas of higher nuclear density, both in the central and peripheral regions.

Conclusion:

Peribulbar transplantation of hUC-MSCs demonstrated cellular integration that can potentially preserve the optic nerve function with a significant shorter latency delay in fVEP and higher nuclear density on histology, and immunohistochemical studies observed cell migration particularly to the peripheral regions of the optic nerve.
The effectiveness of a three-step sterilization method for Goldmann tonometer prism: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Hu Jinping , Liu Jun , Xia Jingting , Yan Jingyu , Liu Zheng , Ma Dan
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

To propose a three-step sterilization method for Goldmann tonometer prism (GTP) and to analyze the sterilization effects of each step.

Methods:

120 patients (240 eyes) who underwent Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) IOP measurement were enrolled in this study. GTPs were used individually for each patient and wiped by swabs soaked with 75% ethyl alcohol, ofloxacin eye drops, and 75% ethyl alcohol for at least 5 s. GTPs were directly pressed onto the surface of agar plates before (W0) and after three-step sterilization (W1, W2, and W3). All the agars were sent to the laboratory in 2 h and incubated at 37°C for 48 h. Subsequently, the growth of microbial species was assessed through visual inspection of the colonies at the inoculation points on the agar surface.

Results:

Staphylococcus. epidermidis was the most frequently isolated bacterium and was observed in 23.33% of all prisms. Most of the bacteria were eliminated at W3 except Staphylococcus. epidermidis and Kocuria roseus in one case. The isolation rates of Staphylococcus genus and Staphylococcus. epidermidis were significantly decreased (both with P < 0.001). The number of bacteria types isolated from prisms at time point W2 and W3 had a statistically significant difference compared with W1 and W (both with P < 0.05), while W2 and W3 exhibited no significant difference.

Conclusion:

This three-step sterilization method for GTP proved to be effective and safe for repeated use. We recommend using ofloxacin to prevent the transmission of pathogens based on ethyl alcohol, which could also bring some economic benefits.
Viscocanalostomy and combined phacoemulsification with viscocanalostomy: A five-year follow-up
Authors: Lyons Conor M , Oehring Daniela , Mathews Divya
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

To assess the effectiveness and safety of viscocanalostomy (VC) and phaco-viscocanalostomy (PV) surgeries in eyes with a five-year follow-up.

Methods:

Retrospective review of patients who underwent VC and PV between January 2010 and December 2012 in the Stanley Eye Unit Abergele, UK. Patients were included for the analysis if they had a full 5-year follow-up or required redo surgery in the 5-year period. Success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of <21 mmHg. The subanalysis included IOP <16 mmHg, IOP reduction >20%, and IOP reduction >30%, the complication rate, and the drop in the use of glaucoma medications post-surgery.

Results:

A total of 370 eyes from 303 patients were included for the analysis. The mean preoperative IOP was 23 mmHg ± 5.3 mmHg with an average of 3.0 ± 0.1 medications. By year 5, this was reduced to 14.3 mmHg ± 6.5 mmHg with a mean of 1.0+/- 0.9 medications; 47.8% of the eyes had an IOP of <21 mmHg by year 5 without medication with a total of 92.6% of the eyes reaching this target with medication. The main complication in this group was the perforation of the Trabeculo Descemet’s Window (TDW) but this was not associated with a poorer outcome.

Conclusion:

This large data set of eyes undergoing VC surgery demonstrates the effectiveness and safety of this technique over 5 years.
The outcome of 70/30 taco insertion through a 2.8 mm clear corneal incision in Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty - A retrospective analysis
Authors: Narayanan Niveditha , Jain Nikhila , Ravi Praneesh , Natarajan Viswanathan
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

To assess the long-term outcome of graft insertion by taco technique through a 2.8-mm clear corneal incision in patients undergoing Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK).

Methods:

This is a retrospective interventional case series of 77 eyes of 75 patients who underwent DSAEK in a tertiary eye hospital. The DSAEK donor grafts were folded to an uneven 70/30 taco and held at a single point using Utrata forceps. All insertions were through a 2.8-mm clear corneal incision except the two aphakic patients requiring combined SFIOL implantation. All patients underwent a comprehensive eye examination preoperatively and were followed up to 6 years postoperatively. Visual outcomes, graft clarity, and complications of all and endothelial cell loss in 22 patients with available postop specular microscopy were analyzed.

Results:

Overall, 59 (76.6%) had clear grafts until the final follow-up. Visual acuity improved in 48 (62.3%) from an average of 1.3 to 0.8 logMAR (P = 0.0001). Vision was maintained in seven and worsened in four eyes. Grafts failed in 18 (23.3%) eyes: seven (9%) were primary failures, two post rejection, four done for failed PK did not clear, four due to worsening of preexisting glaucoma, and one noncompliant failed eventually. Average endothelial cell density reduction was 26.3% (mean preop donor 2419 to postop 1779 cells/mm2; P = 0.000).

Conclusion:

Our study shows good long-term clinical outcome of DSAEK using Taco technique through a 2.8-mm clear corneal incision in a tertiary hospital.
Surgical outcomes of concomitantly performed penetrating keratoplasty with intrascleral haptic fixation
Authors: Agarwal Rinky , Yadav Saumya , Maharana Prafulla K , Bafna Rahul K , Shakarwal Chetan , Sharma Namrata
Published: December 2021

Purpose:

To describe the surgical results of concomitantly performed optical penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) with glued intrascleral haptic fixation (ISHF).

Methods:

Retrospective review of 18 patients (15–72 years) with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of ≤1/60 subjected to unilateral concomitant optical PKP with ISHF and followed up for 13.11 ± 5.83 months (6–26 months) was undertaken.

Results:

The most common diagnoses were failed PKP (9/18, 50%) followed by aphakic bullous keratopathy (5/18, 27%). Preoperative glaucoma, peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS), and deep vascularization were present in 7/18 (38.88%), 12/18 (61.11%), and 5/18 (27.77%) patients, respectively. Intraoperatively, concomitant procedures such as pupilloplasty and intraocular lens explant were undertaken in 5/18 (27.277%) patients and 1/18 patients (5.55%) experienced suprachoroidal hemorrhage. At final follow-up, BCVA was ≥6/60 in 50% patients (mean astigmatism: 4.79 ± 1.68D), and 55.55% cases experienced graft failure (90% failed within one year of surgery). The most common causes of graft failure were glaucoma (50%), glaucoma with rejection (20%), rejection (10%), retinal detachment (10%), and suprachoroidal hemorrhage (10%). The ODDS ratio (OR) of having graft failure with the following factors was postoperative secondary interventions (OR: 6), postoperative complications (OR: 2.25), prior failed graft (OR: 1.8), preoperative PAS (OR: 1.75), intraoperative concomitant procedures (OR: 1.5), preoperative glaucoma (OR: 1.33), previous surgeries (OR: 1.24), and deep corneal vessels (OR: 0.66).

Conclusion:

All patients underlying PKP combined with glued ISHF must be counseled about suboptimal surgical outcomes. Emphasis is laid on appropriate case selection and stringent follow-up during the first year after surgery. Secondary interventions should be undertaken cautiously and judiciously in these patients.
Surgical mobilization of an arterial embolus in cilioretinal artery occlusion
Authors: Olivera Maximiliano , Botella Jessica , Lázaro-Rodríguez Víctor , Viver Sònia , Nadal Jeroni
Published: December 2021

We describe an effective surgical approach for the management of cilioretinal artery occlusion. A 23-G pars plana vitrectomy assisted with two soft tip cannulas was performed. One cannula pressed the cilioretinal artery branch directed toward the macula, distal to the location of the embolus, whereas the other cannula was used to gently swipe over the cilioretinal artery proximal to the occlusion. Anatomical and functional outcomes were evaluated by fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, Goldmann visual field, and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). It was possible to mobilize the embolus by mechanical displacement with 23-G soft-tip cannulas and disintegrate it, preventing the passage toward the branch directed to the macula. Restoration of retinal circulation was confirmed by fluorescein angiogram. The patient recovered his previous documented BCVA and visual field. The described technique can be considered as a new possibility for achieving a solution to cilioretinal artery occlusion or any other retinal artery occlusion.
BailOut Angioplasty in a Case of Thrombus Migration
Authors: Rai Rohit , Jalkote Shrishail P , Shaikh Shakil S , Gupta Aditya V , Bansal Narender Omprakash
Published: December 2021

Acute myocardial infarction with high thrombus burden poses a challenge to the operating surgeon. Thrombus migration can worsen the clinical condition by further occluding flowing vessels. In our case of acute anterior wall myocardial infarction, thrombus migration from left anterior descending (LAD) caused obstruction of the left circumflex artery (LCX), and ramus. Bailout percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was done to LCX, ramus, and left main which helped the patient hemodynamically but soon succumbed to sudden cardiorespiratory arrest. Hence, bailout PTCA remains a challenging procedure.
Impact of Oral Health Factors on Quality of Life of Geriatric Population - A Systematic Review
Authors: Rai Shalu , Misra Deepankar , Misra Akansha , Jain Ankit , Bisla Suman
Published: December 2021

The innumerable special needs and challenges faced by geriatric patients in healthcare has attracted the attention of the modern world. Various basic oral functions contribute to good physical and psychological health and are likely to deteriorate with frailty. The aim of the study was to examine effects of aging on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) and assess importance of dental care amongst older persons. An electronic search in PubMed Central's database was performed. The search strategy was limited to human studies (single and double-blinded trials, cross-sectional and case-control studies), full-text English articles published from first of January 2010 until the end of April 2021. Irrelevant articles or articles with inadequate information were omitted. Data was searched and analyzed using following MeSH terms/keywords: Geriatric Assessment, Oral Health Related Quality of Life. 43 studies were included. In most of the studies it was identified geriatric assessment is essential to avoid comorbidities in such patients. Furthermore judicious use of polypharmacy is advocated in such patients. An association between OHRQoL and dental care of older people was found. This indicates prevention and early intervention with treatment modalities in the increasing elderly population with an apparent solicitousness of their health needs
Experience with Mechanical Ventilation of COVID-19 Patients at a Treatment Center in Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim Shuaibu , Salisu Ibrahim , Salahu Dalhat , Ibrahim Olayinka , Yusuf Musa , Iskilu Usman , Suleiman Bello , Sambo Abdulhakim , Ibiyemi Akeem , Mamuda Atiku
Published: December 2021

Despite the global burden of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the experience of intubation and mechanical ventilation among severely ill COVID-19 varies worldwide. This study shares our experience on mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients admitted into the intensive care unit of an isolation and treatment center of Federal Medical Center Katsina, North-western Nigeria. The clinical data obtained from a review of patient's medical record and folder include clinical presentation, radiological and laboratory findings, treatment and outcome. All the patients were males with ages ranging from 47 to 89 years. All the patients had severe disease with fever and difficulty with breathing being the most common presenting symptoms. All the patients were mechanically ventilated for a period spanning 1–5 days. There was a 75% case-fatality rate. This study showed that a few critically ill patients with COVID-19 in developing countries such as Nigeria may benefit from mechanical ventilation. The most common indication for mechanical ventilation among COVID-19 patients during the period of the survey was acute respiratory distress syndrome. Comorbidities are associated with a high mortality rate.
Adenocarcinoma of the Lung with Unusual Widespread Contralateral Lung Metastases in a Young Nonsmoker
Authors: Ahmed Abubakar , Denue Ballah Akawu , Akawu Cecilia Bala
Published: December 2021

Lung cancer is a fairly common malignancy, after breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in males. Most cases of cancer of the lung occur in older patients with a history of tobacco use or other risk factor(s). It rarely occurs in patients under 25 years of age. Female patients with family history appear to develop lung cancer at an earlier age. In patients with extensive disease, intrathoracic metastases often spread to the mediastinum, ipsilateral pleura, body thoracic skeletal, and the ipsilateral lung. However, contralateral lungs metastasis is a very rare finding. This case report involved a 23-year-old male, nonsmoker that presented adenocarcinoma of the lung with an unusual widespread contralateral metastasis.
Глобальная и полулокальная теоремы о неявной и об обратной функции в банаховых пространствах
Authors: Arutyunov Aram Vladimirovich , Zhukovskiy Sergey Evgenevich
Published: December 2021

Рассмотрены непрерывные отображения, действующие из одного банахова пространства в другое и зависящие от параметра, принимающего значения в топологическом пространстве. При каждом значении параметра эти отображения непрерывно дифференцируемы. В предположениях нормальности (регулярности) рассматриваемых отображений получены достаточные условия существования глобальной и полулокальной неявных функций. Получены априорные оценки решений. В качестве приложений этих результатов, в частности, получены теорема о продолжении неявной функции с заданного замкнутого множества на все пространство параметров и теорема о точках совпадения отображений.
Библиография: 32 названия.
О локальном и граничном поведении обратных отображений на римановых многообразиях
Authors: Ilyutko Denis Petrovich , Sevost'yanov Evgenii Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2021

Получены результаты о локальном поведении отображений между римановыми многообразиями, обратные к которым удовлетворяют верхним оценкам искажения модуля семейств кривых. Для семейств таких отображений доказаны теоремы об их равностепенной непрерывности во внутренних и граничных точках области.
Библиография: 30 названий.
Об интегрируемости суперсистемы четырех уравнений
Authors: Zang Liming
Published: December 2021

Рассмотрена система четырех уравнений типа Камассы-Холма, которые зависят как от бозонных, так и от фермионных переменных. Показано, что эта система эквивалентна условию совместности двух линейных спектральных задач в форме Захарова-Шабата, и установлено, что она имеет бесконечное множество законов сохранения и бигамильтонову структуру.
Динамика кинк-солитонных решений $(2+1)$-мерного уравнения синус-Гордон
Authors: Saleem U , Sarfraz Hira , Hanif Yasir
Published: December 2021

Изучается динамика явных решений двумерного уравнения синус-Гордон в $(2+1)$-мерном пространстве. Преобразование Дарбу применяется для решения соответствующей линейной задачи на собственные значения и построения нетривиальных решений двумерного уравнения синус-Гордон, которые выражаются как отношения детерминантов. Получено обобщенное выражение для $N$-кратно преобразованной динамической переменной, что позволяет вычислять явные выражения для нетривиальных решений. При исследовании динамики кинк-солитонных решений получены явные выражения одно- и двухсолитонных решений для конкретных столбцов решений. Различные профили взаимодействий кинк-кинк или кинк-антикинк проиллюстрированы для различных параметров и произвольных функций. Также представлено решение связанного состояния первого порядка.
Общий вид нелинейного уравнения Шредингера пятого порядка с ненулевыми граничными условиями: обратная задача рассеяния и многосолитонные решения
Authors: Wang Xiu-Bin , Han Bo
Published: December 2021

Метод обратной задачи рассеяния применяется к нелинейному уравнению Шредингера пятого порядка с ненулевыми граничными условиями, которое сводится к нескольким интегрируемым уравнениям. Сначала систематически исследуется матричная задача Римана-Гильберта для нелинейного уравнения Шредингера пятого порядка с ненулевыми граничными условиями на бесконечности. Обратная задача решена с привлечением матричной задачи Римана-Гильберта. Строятся явные выражения для решений в виде безотражательных потенциалов. Приводятся формулы следа и тета-условия. В частности, дан анализ решений с полюсами первого и второго порядков для нелинейного уравнения Шредингера пятого порядка с ненулевыми граничными условиями. В заключение проводится обсуждение графиков, характеризующих динамику полученных решений. Представленные результаты полезны для объяснения нелинейных волновых явлений и для пополнения знаний о них в различных разделах нелинейной физики.
Обратное преобразование рассеяния для нелокального нелинейного уравнения Шредингера с производной
Authors: Ma Xinxin , Kuang Yonghui
Published: December 2021

С помощью метода обратной задачи рассеяния подробно обсуждается нелокальное нелинейное уравнение Шредингера с производной в случае нулевых граничных условий на бесконечности. Для прямой задачи рассеяния изучаются свойства аналитичности, симметрии, асимптотика решений Йоста и коэффициентов рассеяния, а также распределение точек дискретного спектра. Симметрии рассматриваемого уравнения приводят к тому, что дискретный спектр задачи рассеяния не такой, как для других уравнений типа нелинейного уравнения Шредингера с производной. Обратная задача рассеяния решается методом матричной задачи Римана-Гильберта. Представлены формула реконструкции, следовая формула и явные решения. В случае безотражательного потенциала при частных значениях параметров получены солитонные решения нелокального нелинейного уравнения Шредингера с производной, которые могут иметь особенности.
Динамика трехмерных магнитных структур в модели Гейзенберга
Authors: Borisov Aleksandr Borisovich
Published: December 2021

Исследована интегрируемость динамических уравнений Гейзенберга ($O(3)$-модели в четырехмерном псевдоевклидовом пространстве-времени), которые имеют многочисленные применения в теории поля и физике конденсированных сред. Использована дифференциальная подстановка, сводящая эти уравнения к одномерному уравнению синус-Гордон и системе из двух уравнений для комплекснозначной функции $S(\mathbf{r},t)$, которая однозначно определяет вектор $\mathbf{n}$. Доказано, что решение уравнений для этой функции сводится к решению системы четырех квазилинейных уравнений для вспомогательных полей. Получено их точное решение в виде неявной функции от двух переменных, которая определяет точные решения динамических уравнений Гейзенберга с учетом дифференциальных связей. В качестве примера описаны динамика плоского вихря в пространстве $\mathbb{R}^2$, структура типа "ежа" и новые динамические топологические структуры в пространстве $\mathbb{R}^3$.
Релаксирующие солитоны двухосного ферромагнетика
Authors: Kiselev Vladimir Valer'evich , Batalov Serge Vasil'evich
Published: December 2021

С помощью задачи Римана на торе получены и проанализированы новые аналитические решения модели Ландау-Лифшица, которые описывают нелинейную динамику солитонов двухосного ферромагнетика в поле диспергирующих спиновых волн. Показано, что нелинейная интерференция солитонов и волн приводит к неадиабатическим релаксационным колебаниям солитонов. Получены формулы, определяющие изменения частоты и скорости солитонов в поле излучения. Проанализированы столкновения релаксирующих солитонов на фоне спиновых волн.
Периодические меры Гиббса для модели Поттса с трансляционно-инвариантным и периодическим внешними полями на дереве Кэли
Authors: Rozikov Utkir Abdulloevich , Rahmatullaev Muzaffar Muhammadjanovich , Khakimov Rustamjon Maxmudovich
Published: December 2021

Изучается модель Поттса с трансляционно-инвариантным и периодическим внешними полями на дереве Кэли порядка $k\geq 2$. Для модели Поттса с трансляционно-инвариантным внешним полем при $k\geq 2$ показана неединственность трансляционно-инвариантной и периодической меры Гиббса. Доказано, что для модели Поттса с внешним полем, не являющимся трансляционно-инвариантным, на дереве Кэли порядка $k\geq 2$ не существуют трансляционно-инвариантные меры Гиббса. Также изучены периодические меры Гиббса для модели Поттса с периодическим внешним полем. Доказано, что при некоторых условиях количество таких мер может быть не менее трех.
Gli usi dell’articolo e del pro-aggettivo in alcuni tipi di sintagmi nominali italiani a confronto con lo sloveno
Authors: Premrl Podobnik Mirjam
Published: December 2021

The article focuses on the relationship between postmodifiers in the form of noun phrases, relative and content clauses, and the use of articles or pro-adjectives in the nominal heads. The results of a qualitative analysis of Slovene and Italian texts and their translations into Italian and Slovene are presented, the main purpose of which was to identify markers of definiteness in Slovene and to predict the use of articles in Italian, thus showing the possibilities for Slovenes to express themselves appropriately in Italian. Assuming that definiteness is a universal category and therefore recognisable also in languages without articles (Slovene), and considering the author and the translator ideal speakers of Slovene and/or Italian, the Slovene texts served as the starting point of each analysis, while the Italian texts played the role of control. An article use is defined as cataphoric if the content of the postmodifier contributes to the definite interpretation of its head. Subordinate noun phrases can be divided into conceptual and argumentative. In Italian, the former, expressing a non-entity, are marked by a zero article and form a semantic unit with their heads, whereas the latter, expressing an entity, are marked by an article (included the zero one) and do not form a semantic unit with their heads. Related to definiteness is the restrictiveness of the clause, which consists in the article or pro-adjective determining the head including its postmodifier. Such heads can be both definite or indefinite. The analyses have shown instances of relative clauses that are placed between restrictive and non-restrictive ones. Conveying descriptive information, they occur after the heads preceded by an indefinite article. The definiteness of nominal heads preceded by a pro-adjective or without a determiner in Slovene texts is also discussed.
En guise de bibliographie
Authors: Šorli Metka
Published: December 2021

La bibliographie de Gregor Perko étant entièrement accessible en ligne, l’auteure de l’article a préféré mettre en lumière certains traits de caractère de son collègue, perceptibles dans les paratextes de ses travaux : esprit et sens de l’humour, passion pour les belles-lettres, bienveillance et confraternité. Pour compléter cette illustration, elle a évoqué quelques moments de leur coopération professionnelle et conclu ses réminiscences avec les mots de gratitude exprimés à l’égard du professeur par deux anciennes étudiantes de français.
Profiling of the Ethical Concepts Good / Evil and Justice from the Etymological Perspective
Authors: Veremchuk Eldar
Published: December 2021

The paper gives a comprehensive insight into the peculiarities of concept profiling through defining the related etymological domains. The aim of the paper is to reveal the peculiarities of the profiling of the concepts GOOD / EVIL and JUSTICE through elucidating their source domains from an etymological perspective. The choice of the analysed ethical concepts is stipulated by their higher contextual actualization frequency, as compared with the other ethical concepts, according to the data obtained from British National Corpus. The research method of trajector / landmark alignment used in this work is based on R. Langacker’s views on the profiling of concepts in language utterances and on the tenets of Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The novelty of this approach consists in the fact that it was elaborated and tailored for the analysis and explanation of the onomasiological principles of ‘wrapping’ abstract ethical concepts into the language form. The underlying idea is that abstract categories were conceptualized on the basis of background central life experience and knowledge of concrete things. It is argued that such things were the source domains in ontological cross-domain mappings for the target ethical concepts. The current research into the source domain etymons of the ethical categories made it possible to determine the underlying images, which are the core for drawing metaphorical correspondences between source and target concepts. The etymological layer of source domain lexicalizers revealed the intrinsic psychological mechanisms of human cognition and perception of the world, which consist in the inherent proclivity of the human mind to make metaphorical parallels in the direction from daily, central experience to complex abstract ideas and notions. The results made it possible to develop the matrix model of the analysed concepts, which was further developed into a ‘conceptual edifice’ multi-layer model, which reveals the conceptualization paths along which the human mind classifies and categorizes abstract ethical ideas.
„Hier kommen ihre grauen Zellen in Fahrt“ – Phraseme in der Anzeigenwerbung
Authors: Valenčič Arh Urška
Published: December 2021

The article deals with the use of the phraseological units in print advertisements in the German print media. The focus is the relations between phraseological units in the texts and images of the advertisements. The introductory part provides a brief overview of phraseology as a linguistic discipline and its role in advertisements, the structure of advertisements and possible modifications of phraseological units. The results of the analysis of semantic modifications showed certain relations between phraseological units in texts and images of the advertisements. According to the typology of Hartmut Stöckl (2004), we first defined the relation between a phraseological unit as a latent or explicit relation. In the latent relation phraseological units create a certain relation between text and image. There are two subgroups of the latent relation: phraseological units, which are visually evoked, and phraseological units, which are textually evoked and expressed. In the explicit relation phraseological units are materialized in image and text. Phraseological units, which appear isolated only in one place, are classified in the subgroup of the punctual relation. In the subgroup of the connected relation are phraseological units, to which other linguistic elements and structures refer. The analysis of 84 print advertisements showed that phraseological units are mostly used explicitly and in a connecting manner. This means phraseological units are not used isolated, but the text is characterized by an expressive or phraseological language that is linked to the advertisement’s message in image and text at the same time. The research confirmed that phraseological units are very popular as fixed and idiomatic units in advertisements, because they take on the persuasive functions and represent understandable, connotative and easily memorable structures.
Sobre las perífrasis verbales de gerundio en La Rambla paralela de Fernando Vallejo
Authors: Markič Jasmina
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo se dedica a analizar las perífrasis verbales de gerundio y a destacar el papel que estas estructuras desempeñan en el estilo específico de Fernando Vallejo en una de sus novelas autobiográficas, La Rambla paralela. En la introducción se presentan brevemente la estructura narrativa de la novela y sus temas recurrentes como el paso del tiempo en el que el presente y el pasado se diluyen en un futuro que lleva a la muerte. El título de la obra es significativo e implica un paralelismo en el que se encuentra el protagonista que se mueve entre la vida y la muerte, entre su presente y su pasado, entre Barcelona y Medellín.
 La segunda parte se centra en el análisis de las perífrasis verbales de gerundio que aparecen en el texto. Estas estructuras verbales señalan un evento en su curso e indican diferentes valores tempoaspectuales y modales. Los auxiliares son frecuentemente verbos de movimiento que, aunque pierden parcial o totalmente su valor pleno de movimiento, mantienen un matiz de dinamicidad. Así, por ejemplo, la perífrasis ir + gerundio, además de su valor aspectual de progresión lenta, tiene un fuerte valor expresivo que ayuda a crear imágenes de eventos durativos y progresivos destacando el fluir imparable del tiempo. De esta manera respalda la temática principal de la novela que se presenta como un  río de gente en un fluir permanente, como metáfora del paso del tiempo y de la vida pero también de un movimiento recurrente de ida y vuelta.
“Présenter aux lecteurs français la littérature orale telle qu’elle sortait de la bouche des paysans”
Authors: Currie Oliver
Published: December 2021

The study of the language of publication of folklore offers a unique perspective on the sociolinguistic history of regional languages in 19th century France as well as on the wider cultural context of contemporary folklore collection. Regional languages had a subordinate sociolinguistic status vis-à-vis French, yet they had preserved a richer folklore heritage, which, during the golden age of folklore collection, was also considered to be a valuable part of French national cultural heritage. The fact that the folktales of regional languages were often published first or only in French translation reflects both the hegemonic position of French and the prevailing contemporary perception of folktales primarily as a universal human cultural inheritance rather than as the literary heritage of specific cultures; folktale publications were typically aimed at a wider national readership and the perceived universal content – tale types and motifs – was considered more important than the linguistic form and cultural context. However, the fact that folktale and above all folksong collections were also published in the original regional languages shows that there was a genuine choice of language of publication. The publication of folktales only in translation was controversial because the lack of original texts – as well as a lack of transparency concerning the collection process – potentially undermined the authenticity of the published folklore. The publication of folklore only in translation also resulted in the loss of an important part of the cultural heritage of the regional languages and its effective appropriation as French national and French language cultural heritage.
La ricezione delle opere di Giorgio Bassani in Slovenia
Authors: Prosenc Irena
Published: December 2021

The article examines the reception of Giorgio Bassani’s works in Slovenia. The current state of translations of Bassani’s works into Slovene is characteristic of the availability of Slovene editions of Italian authors, which often seems desultory despite the relatively high number of literary translations from Italian published after World War II. In the past, the translations were typically published later than the original texts and without a global strategy. This situation partly persists to the present day: whilst the translations of some authors are sufficiently present, others continue to be absent, which is probably due to the limitations of the Slovene book market. As few as three of Bassani’s texts have been translated into Slovene, namely the novel Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini (1978), translated by Stabej, excerpts from the short story Una lapide in via Mazzini (1994), translated by Ožbot, and a selection of poems from In rima e senza (2008), translated by Dekleva. Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini, the only text to have been translated in an unabridged version, was also the subject of linguistic research by Miklič and Premrl. Whilst no doubt interesting for specialists, the results of their research most likely did not reach a wider public. Even though the translation of Bassani’s novel was followed by the release of the film adaptation, whilst the poetry collection received critical acclaim, Bassani remains a relatively little-known author in Slovenia to this day. Moreover, as many as thirteen years have passed since the publication of the last translation.
El viaje en busca de su identidad femenina en Historia de Java de Elisabeth Mulder y «Si esto es la vida, yo soy Caperucita Roja» de Luisa Valenzuela
Authors: Santiago Alonso Gemma
Published: December 2021

El viaje responde a la necesidad humana de salir a la búsqueda de una nueva experiencia que cambie la percepción del mundo: es una invitación a sumergirse por caminos imbricados que ayuden a entender el pasado y a transgredirlo. Sin embargo, en el canon de la literatura de viajes, se ha consolidado una relación desigual en la que el héroe masculino (Ulises) asumió el rol de viajero explorador mientras que la heroína femenina (Penélope) quedó enclaustrada en el espacio privado, condenada a la espera. Como consecuencia, el viaje que tiene que emprender la heroína es un recorrido y un camino perteneciente, en origen, a un mundo masculino. El punto de partida del presente trabajo es el cronotopo del camino (Bajtin 1989), que, junto con la rebeldía y la curiosidad, constituyen el eje vertebrador de la búsqueda de la identidad como sujeto femenino en el viaje de la heroína. A través de la Historia de Java de Elisabeth Mulder y del cuento de Luisa Valenzuela «Si esto es la vida, yo soy caperucita Roja», se analiza el camino y el viaje como un lugar simbólico de aprendizaje y encuentro de la identidad femenina en un intento de reapropiación de un espacio que tradicionalmente ha pertenecido al hombre. Durante el viaje (interior y exterior), las heroínas de ambas historias saldrán al encuentro y descubrimiento de la otredad y de su propia emancipación, explorando el bosque de la vida. El recorrido final las llevará a alcanzar el (auto)descubrimiento de una nueva identidad femenina desencriptada de los preceptos del patriarcado. Para ello, nos serviremos tanto de las reflexiones de las propias autoras (Mulder 1979 y Valenzuela 2002) como de las investigaciones de Bacucz (2015), Cassole (2013), Mañas Martínez (1988, 2006), Díaz (1996), Marković (2013), Martínez (2001), Medeiros- Lichem (2007), Muñoz (1996), Noguerol (2001), Prada (2018), Regazzoni (2012), Zapico (2015) y Zipes (2006).
Pragmatic Characteristics of Indefinite Pronouns in Croatian as a Second Language
Authors: Udier Sanda Lucija
Published: December 2021

This paper deals with some of the pragmatic characteristics of indefinite pronouns, specifically about the potential for expressing a negative attitude or stance by using them. The results of a quantitative survey will be presented exploring to what extent the potential to express a negative attitude using indefinite pronouns has been mastered. The research questionnaire consisted of two parts and examined the respondents’ command in terms of both comprehension and production of the pragmatic properties of indefinite pronouns in Croatian as a second language (CL2), and the examples used in the questionnaire were taken from the hrWaC 2.0 corpus (Ljubešić and Erjavec 2011). The research was conducted among students of CL2 at the levels B2 and C1 (N=60) who attended the programs of Croaticum – Centre for Croatian as Foreign and Second Language, University of Zagreb in the 2019/2020 academic year. The results obtained in this research can be applied in the development of learning materials intended for teaching the semantic and pragmatic features of indefinite pronouns in the instruction of CL2. They show that the pragmatic level needs to be included more thoroughly in the teaching of CL2 because its mastery is an essential component of language competence, especially at higher levels. The pragmatic properties of IP should also be taught, as should idiomatic expressions with IP. It is necessary to not only teach from an explicitly grammatical approach, but also to teach lexically in such a way that includes the pragmatic level, because IP have great pragmatic potential.
Die Einstellung der DaF-Lehrenden zur Grammatik im DaF-Unterricht am Beispiel slowenischer Abiturprüfender
Authors: Leskovec Mojca
Published: December 2021

In der Geschichte der Fremdsprachendidaktik wurde der Grammatik als Teilkompetenz ein äußerst unterschiedlicher Stellenwert zugeschrieben. Als das wichtigste im Fremdsprachenunterricht zu erreichende Lernziel wird heute im Allgemeinen die kommunikative Kompetenz verstanden und der Gemeinsame europäische Referenzrahmen für Sprachen (2001) bezeichnet die grammatische Kompetenz als zentralen Bestandteil der kommunikativen Kompetenz. Dennoch bleibt im modernen effizienz- und handlungsorientierten Deutsch-als-Fremdsprache-Unterricht die Rolle der Grammatik umstritten. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde folglich auf die Fragen eingegangen, was für eine Rolle Grammatik im DaF-Unterricht in Slowenien spielt, wie grammatische Strukturen vermittelt werden und was dabei die Orientierung darstellt. Eine Befragung hat gezeigt, dass die Mehrheit der teilnehmenden Abiturprüfenden sowie anderer teilnehmenden slowenischen Lehrenden Grammatikkenntnisse als wichtig für die Erreichung der kommunikativen Kompetenz im Deutschen als Zielsprache einschätzt und die Grammatik in ihrem Unterricht eine gleichwertige Rolle wie die anderen (Teil-)Kompetenzen spielt. Grammatische Strukturen vermitteln die Teilnehmenden sowohl mit automatisierenden als auch kognitivierenden Verfahren, die Erklärung erfolgt in einer Kombination der Erst- und Zielsprache, die Lehrenden orientieren sich dabei hauptsächlich an eigenen Erfahrungen und Erkenntnissen sowie an benutzten Lehrwerken. Viele teilnehmende Lehrende folgen zum Teil also bereits dem Lernfeldermodell, das anders als das traditionelle Modell der vier Fertigkeiten die Grammatik in das sprachliche Handeln integriert und somit die separaten Komponenten Grammatik und Wortschatz mit den vier Fertigkeiten verbindet.
The Lexical Availability of “Daily Activities” in Learners of Spanish (SFL)
Authors: Šifrar Kalan Marjana
Published: December 2021

The objective of the present work, which focuses on the teaching and learning of Spanish vocabulary, is to present the lexical availability of Slovene students of Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) in the semantic category “daily activities”.
The quantitative and qualitative differences and similarities of lexical availability output in this semantic category, as obtained by two groups of informants of different levels of SFL, are compared: 100 high school students (approximate level B1) and 100 university students (approximate level B2 +). The results obtained from this sample are compared with those of a study carried out by Sánchez-Saus Laserna (2011), which presents a sample of 322 SFL informants of different mother tongues in the same semantic category. This category, which is not one of those traditionally used in the studies of lexical availability, has been chosen since the lack of other grammatical categories than nouns is one of the main problems that has been attributed to the studies of lexical availability, which makes it impossible to closely reflect the vocabulary that SFL students know. Likewise, it is intended to check if the associations correspond to the grammatical category of the stimulus (in this case the verbs), since other semantic categories are indicated by the nouns. We intend to check the validity of the following hypotheses:
1)     The production of lexical availability of high school students with less knowledge (B1) of Spanish is lower than that of university students (B2 +).
2)     There is a qualitative similarity between the results of the two groups of Slovene SFL students.
3)     For the most part, the associations correspond to the same grammatical category indicated by the cue words of the semantic category; in this case the verbs.
4)     There is quantitative and qualitative similarity between the results of the present study and those of Sánchez-Saus Laserna (2011).
Sodelovalno učenje pri pouku prevajanja na primeru antologije paragvajskih pravljic
Authors: Geršak Marija Uršula , Šabec Maja
Published: December 2021

Prispevek predstavlja uspešen poskus uvedbe sodelovalnega učenja pri pouku prevajanja iz španščine v slovenščino na magistrskem programu Hispanistika na Filozofski fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani. Na konkretnem primeru ponazarja prenos glavnih teoretičnih izhodišč omenjene metode na specifično skupino – 21 študentov pri predmetu Prevajanje – in nalogo oziroma cilj učenja – prevod antologije paragvajskih pravljic in njegov izid v knjižni obliki.
Avtorici sledita sodobnim teorijam in metodologijam sodelovalnega učenja, ki poleg kognitivnih procesov upošteva čustva in motivacijo, gradi socialne kompetence, spodbuja aktivno udeležbo učečih se, njihovo interakcijo in ustvarjanje novih znanj. Pri predstavitvi obravnavanega primera se osredotočita na pet bistvenih značilnosti te metode (pozitivna soodvisnost, individualna in skupinska odgovornost, spodbujanje neposredne interakcije, socialne veščine in skupinska evalvacija) in z opisom dela, analizo procesa in ugotovitvami, ki temeljijo na praktičnem delu, dokažeta, da jim izvedeni projekt v celoti sledi in jih hkrati povezuje z drugimi, bolj tradicionalnimi učnimi metodami. Pri tem poudarita in nazorno ilustrirata dinamiko krepitve sodelovalnega vzdušja med prevajanjem, sprva v dvojicah in manjših skupinah ter nato v skupini vseh udeleženih. Ugotavljata, da so k dosegi cilja največ prispevali pozitivna soodvisnost, povezanost in enakovreden odnos med učečimi se, sodelovalno skupino in učiteljem. Opozorita na posebno vlogo učitelja, ki naj ustvari razmere za sodelovanje, nato opazuje in posreduje le, kadar je to nujno, sicer pa spodbuja avtonomijo posameznikov in skupin(e). Izkušnjo sodelovalnega učenja ocenjujeta kot primer dobre prakse, ki pozitivno vpliva ne le neposredno na učenje konkretnih vsebin in spretnosti, temveč na življenje učečih se na vseh družbenih ravneh.
Necrologio per Vesna Deželjin, Università di Zagabria e Università di Fiume
Authors: Mertelj Darja
Published: December 2021

A causa della sua prematura dipartita abbiamo perso non solo una collega ma anche una cara amica Vesna Deželjin, docente presso il Dipartimento di Italianistica della Facoltà di Filosofia di Zagabria e quello di Fiume. Vesna è stata un’eccellente docente, ricercatrice e conferenziere, una donna di rara umanità, sempre aperta e accogliente, instancabilmente dedicata alla lingua italiana nei suoi molteplici aspetti sincronici e diacronici: come madrelingua, lingua seconda, straniera, d’origine, etnica, ereditaria, in contatto con altre lingue e con il croato.
Hrvatsko-taljanski rječnik školskog jezika, 1. svezak, Priručnik za studente i nastavnike taljanskog jezika / Dizionario croato-italiano del linguaggio scolastico, Volume 1, Manuale per studenti e insegnanti d’italiano
Authors: Mertelj Darja
Published: December 2021

Pričujoči priročnik oz. glosar šolskega jezika je nastajal na Hrvaškem, v obdobju od 2015 do 2020, kot skupni podvig hrvaških glotodidaktičark štirih tujih/drugih jezikov, ki se poučujejo v hrvaških javnih šolah. Predmet preučevanja je bilo področje šolskega jezika pri pouku nemščine, angleščine, francoščine in italijanščine. V priročniku je zajet tako govorjeni jezik, kot so ga uporabljali učitelji in učenci v široki mreži sodelujočih šol, kot tudi izsledki preučevanja šolske dokumentacije, intervjujev s številnimi pristojnimi strokovnjaki s področja šolstva in učiteljev, ter iz primerjalnih študij.