bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Main areas of land use in municipal entity
Authors: Ovchinnikova Natalia , Batranyuk Maria , Zhidkova Ekaterina , Lazebnaya Yulia , Timofeeva Victoria
Published: December 2020

All that man needs for his existence come from the natural environment. Advanced modern technologies often only increase the consumption of natural resources, since the material benefits produced by human labor are made from them. As a natural resource, land is a unique and most valuable source that forms the basis of life and activity for all humankind. All the processes of establishing a human society, which take place in the social, political, economic, communal, industrial and environmental spheres, are directly linked to land resources. This issue is of ongoing global concern. Therefore, the activities of any state must, first and foremost, be aimed at their effective management and protection from the negative impact of natural factors and consequences of human activity.
The theoretical basis of the digital economy in the strategic planning documents
Authors: Dyachenko Oleg
Published: December 2020

The article analyzes the definitions of the concept "digital economy". The study considers the strategic planning documents of the different states, dedicated to the project of digital economy, as the object of investigation. The subject of research is the interpretation of the category "digital economy". The theoretical and methodological issues in the study of the digital economy are considered. The paper makes an attempt to substantiate the problems that will follow in the implementation of the strategy under the conditions of a weak methodological basis for describing the existing techno-economic picture of the world. Among such problems, we emphasize the lack of attention to the production relations in the presented interpretations. We consider that building a digital economy, as a high-tech production ecosystem, will not do without understanding the essence of a new type of production relations. Without this understanding, it will be problematic to build the institutional basis of the digital economy and to create a regulatory framework to control emerging relationships in the digital economy. The paper critically analyzes the existing interpretations of the digital economy, presented in the strategic planning documents, and reveals the author's understanding of the studied category.
Diagnostics of company processes
Authors: Ganebnykh Elena , Lezhnina Olga , Zhukova Julia , Kashintseva Valentina
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the company's transition to management based on a process approach. This approach is the basis for the introduction of lean-production, which has been especially popular in recent years in Russia. Company executives do not always understand how to start changes. The authors have developed diagnostic matrices in three areas: Management Processes, Organizational Culture, and Organizational Systems. Using an expert assessment of the proposed criteria, the manager can understand the current level of company development and identify problems in each area. Developed diagnostic matrices consider the analysis of processes in the dynamics of transformation of company policy from reactive to proactive.
Diesel efficiency improvement strategy
Authors: Ivanov Igor
Published: December 2020

This thesis presents the author's method of analyzing the indicator diagrams of a diesel engine at idle mode, which have a two-peak nature, based on the theory of catastrophes in order to improve the operation process in this mode, and offers suggestions for improving this process.
Assessment of efficiency of innovative technologies in tourism
Authors: Burtseva Tatyana , Mironova Nataliya , Kubrak Irina
Published: December 2020

The article describes the main innovative technologies that are successfully applied today in the field of tourism. Approaches to assessing the effectiveness of innovative technologies is especially important in the system of managing the competitiveness of companies in the tourism sector. There are many methods for assessing effectiveness, both quantitative and qualitative methods. This article proposes the method for qualitative assessment of the effect of the use of innovative technologies, such as "Internet maps", which are used as a reference tool and a guide for general acquaintance with the travel area, and "Organizational resources", including electronic reservation tools and electronic payment methods., to the level of corporate image of a tourist company. The assessment is based on the use of the analysis of variance of the research data.
Conditions for the effective functioning of the system of internalization of economic damage from emissions in the territory
Authors: Kurdyukov Vladimir , Kanurny Sergey
Published: December 2020

The results of the study are derived from a framework for estimating and recovering damage from emissions, the assimilation potential and sustainable development goals taken into account as well. The identified conditions for the establishment of an effective system for internalizing economic damage from emissions in the territory are limited to ensuring the fairness and consistency of the decisions taken, formation of incentives for continuous improvement of the situation and achievement of the goals of sustainable development in the territories. The main conditions are to reduce the limitations of traditional methods and to overcome uncertainty in the analysis of data. The development of assimilation potential should generate income for its owner (the source of income is the polluter). If payments for cap-and-trade payments are insufficient, the state must subsidize the activity. Since the estimation of the cost of cap-and-overs is done in some part in isolation, it is possible to identify the economic feasibility of its operation within the framework of the model. Due to importance and complexity, one of the main elements and conditions of an effective system of internalization of externalities in the territory is the solution of the problems of road transport.
Trust in the Russian economy and business environment
Authors: Barkhatov Viktor , Benz Daria , Pletnev Dmitri
Published: December 2020

Institutional aspects of business become more and more pertinent. Russian enterprises acts in the environment that is currently imperfect and does not provide comfortable conditions for the growth of small and medium enterprises. Trust is the foundation for construction of a friendly institutional environment, a basic institution required for cooperation between any kinds of subjects. Large enterprises are the core of the Russian economy, they are a stable source of financing the federal budget. Small and medium-sized businesses face two complexities: weak government support and in a business environment characterized by a low level of trust. The purpose of the article is to assess the interrelation of trust indicators in the Russian economy with the main economic indicators using methods of correlation and regression analysis. The parameters of the models are evaluated on the basis of the data of VCIOM (The Russian Public Opinion Research Center) and Rosstat (Russian State Statistics Agency). The main conclusion of the study is the most significant impact on the economy of such a trust indicator as the index of favorable conditions for making large purchases. This indicator can be used for modeling and managing the economic growth in the modern Russian economy.
Full range of measures of the system of legal support and surveillance activities aimed at ensuring economic security of entrepreneurship
Authors: Ivanov Peter , Kustov Anatoliy , Nadyseva Elwira
Published: December 2020

Business area is an integral part of state’s economy. An entrepreneur, who undertakes their activities legally, participates in the development of a material product, significantly contributes to the improvement of people’s purchasing power and pays taxes to the state budget. In this regard, the government must protect entrepreneurial activities, create favorable conditions to attract citizens into this economy sector. Today business area is associated with a set of actual risks and threats, which include market monopolization, criminalization of a number of economy sectors and parties of business activities, administrative burdens, fraudulent actions taken by certain employees of commercial entities, drawbacks in statutory regulation. Current demand for the optimization of entrepreneurship proves the relevance of elaborating a full range of measures associated with a system of legal support and surveillance activities and aimed at ensuring economic security of this area. Today such a system is particularly demanded due to high crime rate and several other factors taking place in the field of entrepreneurship.
Features of the budget and tax policy of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kolchin Sergey , Glubokova Nadezda , Gordienko Mikhail , Dyakova Galina
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to analyze the main directions of the budget and tax policy of the Russian Federation, which is particularly relevant in view of the expected recession of the world economy due to the epidemic caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) and the fall in world prices for hydrocarbon raw materials. In these circumstances, it is necessary to adjust the budget and tax policy in order to maintain the full social obligations of the state. The study used systematic, institutional approaches and statistical methods. The main conclusions of the work are based on the need to implement measures in the field of tax incentives for small and medium-sized businesses, for which the crisis phenomena have the most disastrous impact, and to maintain the planned amounts of budget funding for social programs. In the presence of sufficient accumulated gold and foreign exchange reserves and funds of the National Welfare Fund, it is possible and necessary to respond adequately and promptly to the changing economic situation in order to smooth its consequences on the level of inflation, unemployment and the purchasing power of the national currency.
The Eurasian economic union: trends and prospects for development in digital economy
Authors: Vorona Anastasiуa , Kopteva Lyudmila , Trushevskaya Anna
Published: December 2020

Currently the Eurasian Economic Union defines its main tasks as the creation of an image of the significant center for the development of international trade, enhancement of mutually beneficial partnership with member states and other countries, the creation of new formats for international cooperation. At the present days the Eurasian Economic Union is filled with real economic content. Multilateral projects are being implemented, primarily in key sectors of the economy, that are energy and transport. In the long run, the formation of a monetary union is possible. Development of currency integration, as a component of economic unity, presupposes the process of implementing a coordinated policy of the EAEU countries, as well as the creation and functioning of the organizations performing interstate currency regulation. In the article the dynamics of the main economic indicators of the Eurasian Economic Union functioning is considered. The data on the trade turnover of the EAEU member countries for 2019 is provided. The main directions of EAEU cooperation with third countries and integration associations are revealed, with particular attention being paid to the creation of free trade zones with Vietnam and Singapore. In the context of the organization and functioning of interstate unions, each of the member states of such unions, while ensuring their own security, also needs to manage both the threats to the security of other partners that have an indirect adverse effect and the threats that directly impact the whole union. The directions of digital transformation of the economies of the Eurasian Economic Union member states are considered. The problematic aspects of its functioning are highlighted.
Adaptation of high-tech knowledge-intensive enterprises to the challenges of industry 4.0
Authors: Poloskov Stanislav , Zheltenkov Alexander , Braga Irina , Kuznetsova Irina
Published: December 2020

In order to succeed in a competitive environment, enterprises and organizations must quickly respond to external influences, such as digitalization, expansion of information exchange, and challenges caused by Industry 4.0. High-tech knowledge-intensive enterprises that develop and commercialize their original innovative products and technologies as well as provide intellectual services in the field of high technologies are the first to respond to such challenges. A number of works on how the digitalization in economy impacts organizational and managerial activities of enterprises, their R&D, and creation, production and commercialization of innovative products are analyzed. As the results of the study, a number of properties and patterns that determine the successful adaptation of innovative enterprises to the challenges of Industry 4.0 wereidentified. Among them there are material resources, including technology and equipment, scientific and technological achievements, financial, personnel and information support and adaptive organizational and economic capabilities. It is shown that in order to adapt to the challenges of Industry 4.0, enterprises must match capabilities of the digital economy with their material, intellectual and production resources using innovative potential as a measurement tool. It is determined that the procedures for assessing the innovative potential of enterprises can become an effective tool for assessing both quantitative/qualitative indicators of enterprises and degree of their adaptation to the challenges of Industry 4.0. The proposed methodology for a comprehensive assessment of industrial enterprises’ innovative potential as the degree of their adaptation to the challenges of Industry 4.0 was implemented at the high-tech knowledge-intensive enterprises “Shtorm” and “Tekhnotron”. Both of them are well known for their innovative developments in the field of welding production. It was demonstrated that the proposed methodology allows not just assessing the degree of adaptation to the digital economy and the challenges of Industry 4.0, but also assessing the impact of planned activities on innovations and determine methods and means of responding to the changes in external and internal environment of enterprises.
Small and medium-sized business in the system of mono-towns specializing in ferrous metallurgy
Authors: Kunanbaeva Kymbat , Litvinova Anzhela , Argyngazinov Aibol , Znamenskaya Elena
Published: December 2020

The article presents the study of functioning of small and medium-sized businesses in Russian mono-towns with the city-forming organizations of ferrous metallurgy, as well as the evaluation of prospects of development of small and medium-sized businesses in mono-towns specializing in ferrous metallurgy. The research also focuses on foreign experience of overcoming problems arising in mono-towns.
Marketing orientation as a basis for retail structures’ innovative development
Authors: Medvedeva Yulia
Published: December 2020

Transformation of trade processes together with a system approach is the prerequisite for research of marketing management of innovative development of trade enterprises. The development of theoretical and conceptual provisions of marketing management of retail structures’ (RS) innovative development is based on the study of the evolution of marketing concepts in conjunction with the genesis of retail trade, based on the change of technological structures. The transformation of retail trade development guidelines is determined, depending on changes in the subjects of influence. The most relevant concepts for innovative development are relationship marketing, co-creation marketing, customer experience marketing, and sustainable marketing. An integrated concept of marketing management of RS innovative development is proposed, the task of which is to provide catalyzing market innovation on the one hand and the resulting support for the commercialization of innovations. Based on the study of hierarchical relationships of marketing concepts in trade, features of innovative development of trade, the article defines the multi-paradigm of modern marketing in trade, which allows us to form the concept of marketing management of RS innovative development. Its content means the implementation of a customer-oriented and customer-involved retail enterprise management doctrine and is a process designed and managed by marketing, aimed at transforming technologies, methods, forms, and formats of trade
Evaluation of the results of marketing management of retail structures’ innovative development
Authors: Medvedeva Yulia
Published: December 2020

Evaluation of the effectiveness of marketing management of retail structures’ innovative development is necessary to measure the effectiveness of the enterprise and to evaluate strategic ways of business development. Both of these areas determine the competitiveness of retail structures (RS). The article substantiates the approach to the effectiveness of marketing management of retail structures’ innovative development based on the compliance of development plans, organizational systems and structures with the strategic goal of innovative development, as well as the possibility of achieving the goals of innovative development strategies at various planning horizons, monitoring and adjusting adopted and/or implemented innovative development plans. Evaluation of the effectiveness of marketing management of retail structures’ innovative development is based on a comprehensive approach to the results of RS development. The paper offers an original approach to evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of marketing management of RS innovative development, which allows you to identify the relationships between the components of the model to determine how the resources involved in marketing management processes generate an impact. The main directions of evaluating the effectiveness of marketing management of retail structures’ innovative development are determined through the effect received by the commodity circulation participants.
Mutual sentiment
Authors: Maksimenko Olga , Semina Tatiana , Khmelev Alexander , Dmitrieva Natalia
Published: December 2020

Sentiment analysis is a modern task in natural language processing and linguistics. Also referred to as opinion mining, it deals with different kinds of affective states: opinion, emotions, stance and evaluations. Sentiment itself is the polarity of these affective states. Taking analytical articles as source material for the study, several problems should be considered. Firstly, these texts broaden the understanding of the subject of opinion, because it does not coincide with the author of the text in the majority of cases. Secondly, subjects and objects of opinion are entities – words or word combinations with strictly denoted referent. In the paper only Named Entities, that are normally expressed by proper nouns, are considered. This kind of sentiment analysis requires deeper research of possible sentiment relations between entities and of lexical and grammatical influence on these relations. The paper is devoted to the study of the influence of the group of lexemes on opinion structure. The research shows that mutual sentiment can be presented as stable patterns.
Indicative planning of the innovative development of a federal state in the context of the activation of unforeseen factors of a radical nature (at example of the COVID-19 pandemic)
Authors: Ladykova Tatyana , Danilov Ivan
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to identify the main socio-economic causes and consequences of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic in indicative planning of the innovative development of a federal state, as well as the ways to overcome the negative consequences as a new and substantial example of impact of unforeseen factors of a radical nature to a federal state. The main fundamental consequences of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic appear to be two interrelated innovation processes (coronavirus’ affects): accelerated digitalization of all aspects of socioeconomic activity, as well as socio-economic innovation, namely “zeroing”, i.e. gradual displacement of a person from many processes where he is currently carrying out labor activities. In order to overcome the negative consequences of the coronavirus pandemic COVID-19 and other unforeseen factors of a radical nature federal states of the countries and region governments are apt use the tools of innovation and indicative planning.
State-political and people's collaborationism in Europe in the Second World War period
Authors: Kazantsev Yuriy
Published: December 2020

Impedance coatings of cylindrical bodies’ synthesis in order to The authors of the article made an attempt to reveal the main causes and motives of mass collaboration in European countries during the Second World War. Mentally, European man has recognized himself as part of a single space for centuries, under one-man rule: the Roman Empire, the Empire of Charlemagne, and the Holy Roman Empire. The imperial idea initially suggested the European peoples’ unification under the auspices of a strong center. The second component of the European mentality was built on the idea of Eurocentrism, proclaiming the superiority of European nations over others, and Western European civilization over the rest of the world. The ruling elite of the German Empire made plans to create "Middle Europe", proclaimed in 1871, which incorporated the economic union of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Holland, Denmark, Poland and trimmed France. In 1923, a new idea was published in the manifesto of an Austrian political scientist, Kudenhove-Kalergi - "pan-Europe." The author meant a new, political, single space, spoke about pan-Europe. At the beginning of 1925 the United States of Europe appeared as a more recent idea. These were concrete steps towards creating a united Europe. On the eve of the war years and during that period, leaders and population of European countries were increasingly inclined to take joint actions with Hitler to create a new European device to be able to oppose communist expansion. Mentally, Europe was ready to create a strong core that organized the European space.
Semantic shifts of sublanguage units
Authors: Nikolenkо Оlga , Drozdova Yulia , Lepihova Larisa
Published: December 2020

The article considers slang as an ideological sign and a sublanguage unit capable of expanding its meaning due to semantic refraction, and also proposes a structural and semantic description of slangisms and proves the idea that they, as a means of metaphorizing a language, endow the utterance with additional meaningful veils, not only affecting its information filling and imagery, but also reflecting the author's individuality, contribute to its emotional and expressive enrichment while maintaining the basic conceptual center, albeit semantically blurred. Observation shows: the more perceptible the semantic bi-planarity of the sublanguage, the more informative the syntaxeme that includes it, respectively, during the functioning of slangism, expressive informativeness is embodied in semantic and emotional increments that affect both the rational-logical and expressive-figurative content of the context. However, regardless of the contextual conditions, the preponderance in the meaning of the described units is always on the side of the expressive-emotional components, accompanied by linguistic veils, focused on pragmatic impact, since it contains an internal suggestive force directed at the communicant. Speech influence in the indicated constructions is performed through the formation and transmission of the author's "I", which makes it possible for the "creator of the text" to reveal the nuances of the meanings of dependent elements and, through a variant change in their positions, expand the boundaries of the subtext. This makes the sublanguage a convenient verbal form of ideology expression, representing the worldview of a person, regulating his upbringing, forming habits, orienting social behavior and reflecting the volume of cultural memory.
Socio-psychological problems of society and education in a transitive-turbulent society
Authors: Skripkina Tatyana
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the analysis of socio-psychological problems of modern society. Modern society in this article is interpreted as transitive-turbulent, which is associated with the transition stage in the era of postmodernism. The work is aimed at finding methodological foundations for analyzing the features of modern society, as well as analyzing the problems associated with the new cultural ethics of a modern dehumanized society. The new realities associated with instability, multivariability and uncertainty of the future have given rise to many personal and socio-psychological problems. In new realities, people are looking for ways to cope with them. The article shows that the biggest troubles in these conditions are faced by teenagers and young people, for whom the most important age task is the formation of personal identity in conditions of multifactorial and uncertain future and blurring moral norms. In connection with these circumstances, education has an extremely difficult task associated with human formation in new socio-cultural conditions. The main purpose of this article is to reveal, identify and analyze the psychological problems associated with changing the social behavior of both individuals and various groups in a transitive-turbulent society.
USSR in the post-war years: the struggle for economic independence (1945 - 1953)
Authors: Lazareva Lyubov , Zhuravlev Valery , Maslov Dmitry , Sukhanova Natalya , Naumov Oleg
Published: December 2020

Being the basis of the "Stalinist" economic policy, both due to the peculiarities of ideology and in the perspective of solving geopolitical problems, the struggle for the country's economic independence formed the post-war trajectory of the USSR. The purpose of the paper was to identify the influence of this factor on decisions taken by the Soviet leadership, both in domestic and in foreign policy. Archival materials that have become available to researchers make it possible to clarify the "Stalinist" strategy for solving the task of restoring the national economy and keeping countries of "people's democracy" in the zone of influence in the conditions of the formation of a bipolar world with an acute shortage of resources. The authors of the paper rely on a source database stored in the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI), in the funds of the Central Committee of the CPSU, in the funds of V.M. Molotov and of A.I. Mikoyan. Continued work with documents in this area promises to open the curtain on the “white spots” of late Stalinism, which remain the subject of heated discussions in historiography. Moreover, it is the post-war period that allows analyzing the "Stalinist" managerial model in its most complete form. Thus, it is also important to investigate its mechanisms from the point of view of solving the problem of the effectiveness / non-effectiveness of the Soviet system.
Mitford on the formation of control systems in Athens and Sparta before the Peloponnesian war
Authors: Yasnitsky Nikolay , Smolensky Nikolay , Zhiryakov Ivan
Published: December 2020

The paper, historiographical by its nature, aims at examining the existing assessments of William Mitford's work and clarifying his interpretations of the particularities of the formation of political systems in Athens and Sparta before the start of the Peloponnesian War. The paper concludes that W. Mitford’s interpretations of the causes and characteristics of the formation of political systems and his description of the domestic political situation in Athens and Sparta are based on taking into account the objective, and above all, the material interests of various social strata of the population. An analysis of the work of W. Mitford revealed no distortions, arbitrary interpretation or preferences when choosing the text of ancient authors used by W. Mitford as sources. The main conclusion is that it was the democratic system of government founded by Solon, being itself a consequence of inequality of ownership that predetermined further upheavals and the expansion of the political struggle, while in Sparta the involvement in the political struggle decreased during the wars. Revision of assessments of interpretations and ideas of W. Mitford suggests the need to clarify the features of English historiography of the Enlightenment.
Political ideology of fascism: essential characteristics, mental prerequisites, key components
Authors: Vititnev Sergey , Shmeleva Anna
Published: December 2020

The authors of the present paper investigate the fascism ideology, reveal its social nature and critically scrutinize its key principles that characterize its matter. Special attention is payed to the research into historical context of fascism, its mental prerequisites that determined reactionary specifics of its ideological orientation. Noticing that today modern politics experiences far-right and neo-fascist trends, while there are no certain criteria to identify particular parties as neo-fascist ones, the authors suppose that one of the most significant criteria is the adherence to the ideology of standard fascism, which can be detected according to a set of key components.
Russia's response to new types of threats of the XXI century
Authors: Bespalova Tatyana , Bakhtin Maxim , Sviridkina Elena , Lepekhin Vladimir
Published: December 2020

The need to form a new political philosophy is associated with modern challenges and threats that require large-scale ordering of the world of chaos and absurdity, an adequate response to the era of "post-truth" in order to preserve the national identity of peoples, cultures, civilizations, as well as the essential features of the person himself. The instability of international relations caused by the collapse of the bipolar world has given rise to the need to create a more stable polycentric world. Countering terrorism led to the formation of anti-terrorist coalitions at the international level and for a certain time brought the world community together in the fight against a common threat. However, no one expected that the new type of war would become another test for the development of a common strategy of counteraction by mankind, requiring a rethinking of the role of man in modern political processes. Schmitt's "friend-foe" confrontation may acquire a different content in the 21st century, when man himself becomes his own enemy, since the products of his military-political and scientific activities endanger the life of all mankind. Russia's response to new political threats can be the development of a new value role of man in the emerging world order, which is possible on condition of world recognition of the civilizational originality of the Russian historical path, building a dialogue of civilizations, as well as the implementation of three ideologies in the new political dimension - patriotism, socialism, environmentalism.
Christian in the modern world: S. S. Averintsev's mission
Authors: Kuzmin Platon
Published: December 2020

The methods of study and presentation by S. Averintsev Orthodox Christian tradition were considered. The role of the semiotic method in the study of Christianity by Averintsev was defined and the relationship of this method and content of the results of his research was revealed. The identified errors in the presentation of Orthodox theology are considered as the result of ignoring a number of significanat texts of the Orthodox tradition. Methods: description, comparison, analysis, contextual and semiotic analysis. It is established that semiotics is an actual direction of study in modern science, and the semiotic method was used by Averintsev in the study of early Byzantine literature. In particular, the scholar used diffusive and functional approaches when considering texts, paying attention to the context of the use of a language unit, which is a sign of the semiotic method. Errors of S.S. Averintsev in the presentation of Orthodox theology (in sophiology and mariology) are the result of incorrect application of the semiotic method, ignoring the essential texts that create the context of the studied tradition. The analysis of the semiotic approach used By S. S. Averintsev in the study of culture, presented in this article, has not been carried out before. It is concluded that all essential texts of the tradition must be taken into account for authentic presentation of Orthodox theology, which is facilitated by the use of the semiotic method.
Dialectics of social development and consciousness in the context of systemic approach
Authors: Makhmudova Guli
Published: December 2020

The present article deals with the dialectics of social development and social consciousness. The author also considers the problems of public consciousness in the context of a systematic approach, in particular, and generality of the process of social development. The author considers the history of the development of human society, the global goals of education and upbringing, as well as their dynamics in accordance with philosophical, methodological concepts, paradigms of education and other reasons. Philosophical categories change in accordance with the expansion of the object of study. For example, modern scientific knowledge studies complex systemic objects, and some classical philosophical ideas cannot provide adequate knowledge. Therefore, such philosophical categories as determinism, randomness, uncertainty, chaos, society, state, human being, good and evil, beautiful and ugly, and others acquire somewhat different functions in the study of modern complex systems compared to their interpretation as classical categories of philosophy.
From self to identity: a metaphysical shift
Authors: Rybakov Nikolay , Yarmolich Natalya , Bakhtin Maxim
Published: December 2020

The article examines the problem of identity realization in the modern information society. The authors analyze the concept of identity in comparison with the concept of self, reveal the features of the manifestation and deformation of identity, and explore ways to generate multiple identities. The study of the concept of identity is based on the worldview principles inherent in different epochs. An attempt is made to give a complete (holographic) picture of identity, and the question is raised about the criteria for distinguishing genuine identity from non-genuine (pseudo-identity). The relationship between the concepts of "I" and self is studied, identification is presented as a process of predication of "I". In the structure of identity, such features as constancy and variability are distinguished. On this basis, the classical and non-classical identities are distinguished and their characteristics are given. It is shown that the breakup of these components into independent parts results in the complete loss of the object's identity, which leads to its disintegration and death. It is shown that in the conditions of fluid reality, identity turns from a stabilizing factor into a situational one, which encourages the subject to constantly choose an identity. The conditions of transformation of identification into a diffuse process that loses the strict unambiguous binding of the subject to something fixed and defined are considered. Due to this, the identity of the subject is "smeared" all over the world. As a result of this process, the subject loses the need to identify itself with anything: it "collapses" into itself. As a result, there is a contradiction of identification: the multiplicity of identities gives the subject a huge choice between them, at the same time due to the diffusion of identity (its smearing around the world) the selection procedure itself loses its meaning. But if the identity is lost, there are problems with the self, so it turns out to be the end of the existence of the person himself. Therefore, in all the transformations of identities in the modern world, it is important that it is preserved.
Comprehensive assessment of the health and physical development in martial arts athletes
Authors: Katamanova Elena , Vasilieva Larisa , Kuptsova Natalia , Kodinets Irina , Kudaeva Irina , Sal’nikova Galina
Published: December 2020

Thirty three athletes’ health (average age – 16.4±1.0 years) were studied. Anthropometry and analysis of body composition, and load test were performed by the Hardware-software complex "Zdorovye-Express" (Russia). Spirometry, electrocardiography, assessment of physical performance as per Harvard step test, and ultrasound scan of abdominal organs, blood biochemical indicators were also performed. It is established, examined athletes have medium level of harmony of development and high level of physical fitness. Harvard step test data showed that the vast majority of athletes have an adequate level of physical performance (66.6%) with good recovery ability, and 33.4% - a very poor level of physical performance with a normal or slow recovery period after exercise. Assessing the cardiac singular index, the condition of the cardiovascular system in 82.6% surveyed was considered as optimal and in 17.3% examined as moderately increased. Spirometer indicators confirmed to the age norms. Ultrasound data of the abdominal organs showed the presence of disturbances in 24% of cases, while these disorders were manifested by diffuse liver echogenicity changes in 7% of cases and pathology of the gallbladder in 17% cases. The revealed changes in the health status of athletes require further research.
The problem of recovery of the patients with cerebrovascular accident (CVA): the capabilities of psychological techniques in the improvement of cognitive functions
Authors: Skirtach Irina , Pokul Evgenia
Published: December 2020

If the appropriate combined measures are not taken to treat the manifestations of cognitive disorders, they have a tendency to progress towards worsening over time in the patients with CVA. The most common cognitive dysfunctions are as follows: disorders of attention, thinking, memory and executive functions. More and more studies are focused on the application of the various methods and techniques for neurorehabilitation of these disorders. Evaluation of the effect of adding the neurorehabilitation techniques in the treatment program in the early recovery period was a part of the objectives of this study. The sample consisted of 70 people with CVA. The study was carried out in the hospital environment. During 10 days, the standard scheme of the drug treatment was supplemented with the neurorehabilitation method using the "Brain jogging" technique and group work techniques in the experimental group. A battery of the psychodiagnostic tests was used, which included the "MMSE Scale" test, Pieron-Ruser test, Ebbinghaus test, and "10-word memorization" technique (according to A.R. Luria). Based on the study results, the features of the dynamics of recovery in the patients with CVA of indicators of cognitive functions are described due to the inclusion of psycho-gymnastic techniques in the rehabilitation program.
Generation and gender factors of the structure of value orientations
Authors: Sivrikova Nadezhda , Ptashko Tatyana , Chernikova Elena , Moiseeva Elena , Roslyakova Svetlana
Published: December 2020

A great interest in the study of the value orientations of a person is explained by their decisive role in explaining human behavior. Previous studies have shown that demographic factors influence people's value system. Over the past 20 years, several mass surveys have been conducted with wide geography. Their results showed that in the world there are processes of transformation in the structure of cultural values of different communities of people. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of generation and gender factors on value orientations. The study was based on Schwartz's theoretical model of cultural values. The survey was attended by 384 residents of Chelyabinsk and the Chelyabinsk region (Russia). To collect empirical data, Schwartz's questionnaire in Russian was used. The study found that representatives of the Soviet generation are more oriented towards conservative values, and representatives of the post-Soviet generation more adhere to values reflecting their openness to experience. In this study, men differed from women in a greater commitment to the values of autonomy and power. Considering the values of generations in the context of the gender of respondents, it is found that hedonistic values and the desire for stimulation and power are represented by a U-shaped curve in men and an inverted U-shaped curve in women. This allows us to conclude that in Russia, conditions of economic stabilization lead to increased openness to experience and dominance among men. For women, these conditions make the desire for dominance and high social status less significant.
Corruption as a factor of national instability and measures to prevent it
Authors: Prorokov Andrey , Fonina Tatyana
Published: December 2020

Corruption in state agencies constitutes a major social threat, since it both directly and indirectly affects social values, morality and national foundations. The level of corruption in a society or a country is the key factor for making a judgment of its civil society development, as well as for estimating its political, economic and social risks. Today, in the age of globalization, corruption is of particularly great concern. This phenomenon is perceived by the authorities of many countries as a deep problem for national security. Moreover, corruption is considered both internal and external threat. Many countries being aware of danger posed by corruption execute consistent works to reduce its rate through introducing and exercising appropriate legislation, which always has prominent national characteristics. On the basis of the legislation adopted in Russia, an integrate and sound system of organizing the activities of civil servants was built, which is able to reduce the corruption rate in the country. However, all measures implemented have not taken any sufficient effect yet. When it is not being constantly tackled, corruption tends to expand and develop, so anti-corruption activities are among the basic functions of any state.
Criteria and aspects of environmental journalism based on the materials of Kyrgyz authors' works
Authors: Dzhumagazieva Nurjan
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the analysis of environmental problems from the point of view of aspects of publicistic creativity. In the modern period, the issues of preserving life on the planet have become a priority in the list of global world problems, as society stands on the verge of an environmental crisis. Environmental problems are interdisciplinary, but they are based on a sociocultural nature. The mass media and publicists are charged with the task of interpretation of the aspects of interaction between nature and society, the transformation of people's worldview in the aspect of the formation and development of ecological consciousness. Journalism and literature are able to form new meanings and new society's understanding of the importance of restoring harmony in the relationship “Human - Nature”. The problem of environmental journalism is considered on the examples of works of the Kyrgyz authors: Ch. Aitmatov, M. Murataliev, K. Akmatova, A. Tokombayev. The presented material let us conclude that the problem of environmental journalism gains a new meaning in today's society and requires renewal of the scientific definition, which determines the scientific value of this article. The practical importance lies in the possibility of implementing the research results in the process of teaching at the faculties of journalism and philology in specialized and elective disciplines, as well as in the practice of mass media specializing in environmental themes.
Differences in individual life path choices affecting life expectancy and health in Russia
Authors: Berezina Tatiana
Published: December 2020

In this study we examined 100 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) twins to determine if lifestyle differences between control and experimental twins affected lifespan and health. We used the twin database of the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation. The dependent variables were the difference in lifespan and the number of socially significant diseases between control and experimental twins. The independent variables were the differences within different psychosocial factors (education, family, children, career, prosocial behavior, religiousness, residence, relocations) between control and experimental twins. Using the ANOVA test, we obtained that career (F=11.12, p=0.000), education (F=3.272, p=0.042), living in a large city (F=6.674, p=0.008), having family (F=3.926, p=0.023) and relocations (F=3.757, p=0.046) increased lifespan. For women, one of the most significant positive factors that increased lifespan was education (F=5.992, p=0.005). For men, relocation (F=7.835, p=0.027) was one of the most significant factors that increased lifespan. Having family significantly reduced the number of socially significant diseases (F=3.477, p=0.035). Although this study represents statistically significant data showing that distinct lifestyles have different effects on lifespan and health, future studies with a database of a larger amount of MZ twin pairs are needed to confirm this data.
The teaching potential of case-technology in the formation of professional competences of university students
Authors: Berdnikova Natalia , Abashina Natalia , Klimkina Elena , Manokhina Nadezhda , Dudnikova Svetlana
Published: December 2020

The article reviewed the theoretical and methodological aspect of the problem of forming professional competencies of University students in the process of using the pedagogical potential of case-technology. The authors consider the case method as a unique technology used in the process of preparing students of special (defectological) education to work with children with special educational opportunities.
Innovations in teacher training based on partnership with employers from the field of additional education
Authors: Abraukhova Valentina , Schadneva Maria , Zimovetc Anastasiya
Published: December 2020

This article is devoted to the study of innovations in the training of teachers in modern world and domestic experience on the basis of partnership with employers. The article considers the concept of "partnership" in the field of additional education. Particular emphasis is placed on the characterization of the modern situation, which changes the traditional models of higher education. Models of partnership with employers are considered, using the example of institutions of additional education. Foreign and domestic experience of organizing partnerships with employers for training and professional development of pedagogical personnel is analyzed in detail.
Soft models of competence assessment in professional education
Authors: Dashko Yuri , Vitchenko Olga , Kadomtsev Maxim
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of research on the problem of finding new models for assessing students ' competencies in the context of global trends in modern professional education – the merger of competence and project approaches, the development of e-learning, and the introduction of digital technologies to support expert systems. An original development of one of the soft models of fuzzy multiparametric assessment of competencies is proposed, and the mathematical apparatus of the model is described taking into account the requirements of fuzzy logic.