bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pattern of pediatric renal diseases in a rural tertiary care hospital
Authors: Thakkar Khushboo A. , Poyekar Subhash S.
Published: October 2020

Background: Spectrum of renal disease varies in different population, geographical location, and by environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to find out the occurrence of different pediatric renal diseases at a teaching hospital in the rural part of Maharashtra, India.Methods: All cases of renal diseases from one month to 12 years of age, admitted to the wards during the period of July 2018 to December 2019, were included in the study. Detailed clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed on all patients. Diseases were categorized as per standard definitions and managed with hospital protocols.Results: Renal diseases accounted to be 235 cases (2.8%) of total pediatric admissions during study period, of which (61.3%) were male and (38.7%) female. Nephrotic syndrome (NS), was the most common disorder (34%) followed by congenital anomalies of the kidney and the urinary tract (CAKUT) (24.7%), urolithiasis (11%), urinary tract infection (10.63%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (7.66%) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (3.83%). The causes of AKI were dehydration, urosepsis, septicemia, and acute glomerulonephritis (AGN). Mortality was found in 3.4% of cases and the etiologies were AKI, NS and CKD.Conclusions: A substantial number of children are hospitalized with renal and urinary tract diseases. NS and congenital defects were the leading renal disorders in this study. These patients need comprehensive services for early identification and management.
Incontinentia pigmenti: a rare case of neurocutaneous disorder in the newborn
Authors: Dave Himanshu S. , Berwal Abhishek K. , Patel Priya M. , Joshi Tanushree
Published: October 2020

Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X linked dominant genetic multisystem neurocutaneous disorder that may affect many organs including the skin, bone, eyes and the central nervous system. Central nervous system manifestations are seen in 30%-40% of cases with seizures and mental retardation. Seizures as the presenting sign of IP in neonates are rarely reported. We report a case of a female newborn with IP who had pleomorphic skin rashes and erythematous vesicles over upper and lower extremities since 5th day of life which were followed by seizures on day 22nd of life. With this case report, we would like to emphasize the need for inclusion of IP in the differential diagnosis of neonatal seizures and to confirm diagnosis of all such unusual skin lesions histologically.
Feasibility of the home isolation programme for adults and children with COVID-19
Authors: Doke Purwa , Oswal Jitendra S. , Padalkar Disha A. , Jain Mohit P.
Published: October 2020

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an upsurge of cases in many countries leading to inadequate quarantine facilities and hospital beds. Studies on the feasibility of home isolation for COVID-19 patients are the need of the hour. This is the first study from India on the feasibility of home isolation to the best of the author's knowledge.Methods: This methodical study was conducted at a designated COVID-19 tertiary care hospital in India, which included all patients enrolled for the home isolation programme from the 4 July to 3 August 2020. Laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients were assessed during the enrolment for their eligibility for home isolation. The enrolled patients were followed up once daily over a telephonic call with objective parameters like temperature, pulse and oxygen saturation.Results: There were a total of 447 adults and 67 children. Amongst adults, hypertension was the most common co-morbid condition seen in 23 (5.15%) followed by diabetes in 18 (4.03%) patients. Only 24 (5.37%) patients were hospitalised during the duration of home isolation due to reasons like persistent fever, decreased SpO2, and non-medical ones like anxiety regarding the disease. Age and the presence of co-morbidities were directly related to the requirement of hospitalisation. No children required hospitalisation. There were no deaths.Conclusions: Home isolation is effective for COVID-19 patients in resource limited settings. We provide strong evidence for adapting it for asymptomatic and mild symptomatic cases with judicious use of resources and without compromising the risk to patients.
Echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus without cardiac manifestations in rural hospital
Authors: Khade Sachinkumar K , Kumar Sudeep , Hodgar Digvijay S.
Published: October 2020

Background: Diabetes is the commonest metabolic disorder affecting the people all over the world. Objective of the study was to identify the diastolic dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient to recognize the early involvement of heart.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in tertiary care hospital cases of type II diabetes mellitus coming to our hospital and giving informed consent. Period of study was from September 2016 to February 2018. Consecutive type of non-probability sampling was used for the selection of study subjects. A total of 54 diagnosed patients of type II diabetes mellitus coming to our hospital and giving informed consent were included in the study.Results: Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was observed to be 44.4% in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus without cardiac manifestations. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was seen in 47.4% males in comparison to 42.9% females. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was 11.1%, 77.3% and 80% in cases with disease duration of 0-5 years, 6-10 years and more than 10 years respectively. Prevalence of diastolic dysfunction was more in cases with poor glycaemic control i.e. hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value >8% as compared to cases with good glycemic control.Conclusions: There was an association between the prevalence of diastolic dysfunction with the increasing age. We had higher percentage of patients with diastolic dysfunction as duration of diabetes increased. Diastolic dysfunction was seen in 55.2% patients receiving oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) as compared to 23.5% patients who were on insulin and 50% patients who were on both insulin and OHAs.
A cross-sectional study of impact of dyslipidemia in stroke
Authors: Kanagarajan Niranjan Ganesh , Ningthoukhongjam Reema , Ningshen Robinson , Singh Thangjam G. , Khruomo Vikie
Published: October 2020

Background: Stroke is defined as abrupt onset of symptoms and/or sign of focal and global loss of cerebral function lasting for at least 24 hrs with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin. Dyslipidemia in stroke is not widely studied especially from the population of Northeast India (Manipur). Moreover, most prior studies did not specifically compare hemorrhagic stroke risk among those with elevated lipid levels to those with optimal or near optimal lipid levels. Therefore, we studied the levels of different Lipids in stroke patients (hemorrhagic and ischemic) to understand its role in pathogenesis of stroke.  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in RIMS, Manipur from 2017-2019 and included 185 patients above 18 years with stroke within 48 hrs of onset of symptoms. NCCT brain and serum lipids, other related blood investigations were performed.Results: We found that serum total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides are significantly higher in infarction patients with average levels of 210.82 mg/dl, 143.64 mg/dl and 151.50 mg/dl respectively which is statistically significant (p<0.001). The average serum total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides are significantly lower in ICH patients with average levels of 143.34 mg/dl, 84.67 mg/dl and 113.94 mg/dl respectively which is statistically significant. (p<0.001).Conclusions: We concluded that raised level of serum total cholesterol, serum LDL-C, serum triglyceride are associated with cerebral infraction (p=0.001) and lower level of serum total cholesterol, serum LDL-C, serum triglyceride are associated with cerebral hemorrhage (p=0.001). Thus, serum lipid levels should be carefully monitored to prevent life threatening stroke.
Comparison between 25% dextrose prolotherapy and single dose of platelet rich plasma in the management of pain and improvement of functional outcome in patients suffering from primary knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Deb Debasish , Singh Yumnam Nandabir , Singh Naorem Bimol
Published: October 2020

Background:  One of the most prevalent and disabling diseases worldwide, which decreases patients' quality of life (QoL) is knee osteoarthritis. However, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments, apart from complications, could not desirably control the disease. Limited studies are available in management of primary osteoarthritis of knee with prolotherapy with 25% dextrose and platelet rich plasma (PRP). Objective was to compare between 25% dextrose prolotherapy and single dose of PRP injection in the management of pain and improvement of functional outcome in patients suffering from primary knee osteoarthritis.Methods: A comparative study was conducted to see the effectiveness of 25% dextrose prolotherapy and PRP in primary osteoarthritis (OA) of knee in the management of pain and improvement of functional outcome in sixty-six patients in age group of 50 to 70 years attending PMR department OPD, RIMS, Imphal between october2018 to April 2020. The first group received 6 ml injections of 25% dextrose 3 times at baseline, 1 month and 4th month, whereas the 2nd group received single dose of 5ml PRP at baseline.Results: In both the groups 50 mg of tramadol tablet and isometric strengthening exercise of quadriceps was given. Assessment was done at baseline, at 1, 4 and 8 months by visual analogue scale (VAS) and western Ontario and McMaster university arthritis (WOMAC) index. Statistically significant improvement was noted in VAS (5.91±0.82 to 2.65±0.94) and WOMAC score (45.25±6.68 to 20.25±7.67) at end of 8 month in first group.Conclusion: It was concluded that 25% dextrose was more effective than in management of primary osteoarthritis of knee.
Serum uric acid levels in essential hypertension and its correlation with the severity of hypertension
Authors: Dar Waseem Ramzan , Gupta Sunil Kumar , Ahmad Afzal
Published: October 2020

Background: Serum uric acid has been closely linked and considered as an independent risk factor for development of hypertension. This study was carried out to assess the serum uric acid levels in essential hypertension and its correlation with the severity and known duration of hypertension.Methods: The present observational case control study was conducted between November 2019 to February 2020 on total 100 out patients (30-65 years) of which 50 known cases of essential hypertension irrespective of treatment status and were graded into different stages of hypertension as per Joint National Committee VII (JNC VII) guidelines. Rest 50 patients who were age- sex matched and without any co-morbidity were included as control. Relevant clinical and laboratory data were recorded using proforma. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical package for social software (SPSS) software.Results: Mean systolic/diastolic blood pressure (BP) was found significantly higher in cases 168/102 mmHg compare to control 114/74 mmHg. Among cases maximum patients were found in stage 2 hypertension which has significant difference in mean systolic/diastolic BP (186/112 mmHg, p<0.001) compare with stage 1 (146/94 mmHg) and isolated hypertensive patients (148/85 mmHg). Serum uric acid levels were significantly higher in stage 2 than other two hypertensive stages among cases and also compare to controls. Patients with >5 years of hypertension also has significant high serum uric acid level than <5 years of hypertension.Conclusions: Serum uric acid can be used probably as an early biochemical marker to determine the severity of hypertension as stage 2 hypertensive had more elevation in serum uric acid levels as compared to other hypertensive patients.
Evaluación de aceite de Jatropha gossypiifolia como estabilizante de asfaltenos en una muestra de petróleo a nivel de laboratorio
Authors: Marín Velásquez Tomás Darío
Published: October 2020

Asphaltenes are condensed polyaromatic solids that are present in oil forming colloidal suspensions in a thermodynamic system that in some cases tends to be unstable producing flocculation and aggregation. In the oil industry, dispersant chemical compounds are used to minimize the flocculation of asphaltenes to avoid clogging problems in pipes and production equipment, which represent an important investment since they are formulated with synthetic resins and oils, in addition to expensive solvents. This research evaluates the use of Jatropha gossypifolia oil as an active stabilizing component of asphaltenes, mixed with diesel as a solvent in laboratory level tests. Five dilutions of oil in diesel (10 to 50%) were evaluated. The procedure consisted of observing the asphaltene aggregates under an optical microscope when applying n-heptane to a crude oil sample from Monagas State, Venezuela, the volume of n-heptane used being the flocculation onset. Successive volumes of each dilution were then applied until the dispersion of the aggregates was achieved, being this volume the point of dispersion. In addition, xylene was used as a standard dispersant to compare the performance of the dissolutions. The tests were performed at two temperatures of 25 and 40 ºC. A factorial statistical design was used with experimental factors dissolution and temperature and dependent variable instability index, with ANOVA analysis and Tukey HSD test with α = 0.05. With the application of the solutions, a greater dispersion of the aggregates was achieved with efficiencies greater than 94% with respect to the dispersion obtained with xylene, being the solution with 40% oil the most efficient. The statistical results showed that stability is dependent on the solution used and independent of the test temperature with a 95% confidence level.
Stratification of Cardiovascular Diseases Using Deep Learning
Authors: Doppala Bhanu Prakash , Bhattacharyya Debnath , Chakkravarthy Midhun
Published: October 2020

Heart-based diseases are one of the causes for major death rate in the world. WHO (World Health Organization) specified that 17 million of people are losing their lives per year due to several heart diseases. Artificial Intelligence playing a prominent role in disease identification and prediction from medical data. Magnetic Resonance Imaging plays a vital role in producing detailed images of internal organs and soft tissues for better understanding the condition. Magnetic Resonance Image contains more noisy data this is one of the issues to be addressed, hence this research focuses on the prediction of cardiovascular diseases using an innovative hybrid algorithm and addresses the issue of noise using Hann filters. A Hybrid algorithm is proposed with combination of Cat Fuzzy Neural Model (CFuNM) and Hybrid Ant Colony and African Buffalo Optimization. Cat Fuzzy Neural Model (CFuNM) is used to classify cardiac diseases such as cardiomyopathy, pericardial effusion, coronary artery, amyloidosis, and other coronary heart diseases and for the severity analysis of disease we used Hybrid Ant Colony and African Buffalo Optimization (HAC-ABO) mechanism. This research of Hybrid deep learning model improved the classification accuracy of 99.3% and error rate of 0.18% which is considerably good when compared to existing methods.
A Deep Learning Approach to Network Intrusion Detection Using Deep Autoencoder
Authors: Moraboena Srikanthyadav , Ketepalli Gayatri , Ragam Padmaja
Published: October 2020

The security of computer networks is critical for network intrusion detection systems (NIDS). However, concerns exist about the suitability and sustainable development of current approaches in light of modern networks. Such concerns are particularly related to increasing levels of human interaction required and decreased detection accuracy. These concerns are also highlighted. This post presents a modern intrusion prevention deep learning methodology. For unattended function instruction, we clarify our proposed Symmetric Deep Autoencoder (SDAE). Also, we are proposing our latest deep research classification model developed with stacked SDAEs. The classification proposed by the Network Security Laboratory-Knowledge Discovery in Databases (NSL-KDD) and Canadian Institute for Cybersecurity -Intrusion Detection System (CICIDS 2017) data sets was implemented in Tensor Flow, a Graphics Procedure Unit (GPU) enabled and evaluated. We implemented and tested our experiment with different batch sizes using Adam optimizer. Promising findings from our model have been achieved so far, which demonstrates improvements over current solutions and the subsequent improvement for use in advanced NIDS.
ANALYSIS OF PECULIARITIES OF NATIONAL PAYMENT SYSTEMS FUNCTIONING AND CURRENT PAYMENT VOLUMES
Authors: Oteshova Almagul , Prodanova Natalia , Dikikh Vadim , Savina Natalia
Published: October 2020

Purpose of the study: In current conditions of globalization, the role and importance of non-cash payment systems have changed dramatically. The authors of the article are aiming to analyze and promote new banking products and describe the way of development of modern banking business trends in the field of electronic banking services in their article.

Methodology: In the course of this study, methods of comparative and statistical analysis, empirical, interviewing, observation and economic, and mathematical modeling were used. 

Main Findings: The Central payment systems of the Republic of Kazakhstan provides options for the needs of the real economy sector, financial markets, and banks the other participants in the late payments and money transfers, as well as contribute to the effective implementation of monetary policy and the execution of the state budget.

Applications of this study: The theoretical and practical provisions of the research can be applied in the educational process in economic areas and banking organizations' activities. Calculations are a necessary accompanying element of the money supply's creation (withdrawal) as a derivative of money circulation and one of the monetary regulation's main objects.

Novelty/Originality of this study: Development of theoretical provisions aimed to modernize the mechanisms of state regulation of the domestic national payment system. It ensures its further development in current conditions and the formulation of practical recommendations and justification of organizational tools.
ОЦЕНКА КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ РЕГИОНОВ РФ НА ОСНОВЕ ЦИФРОВЫХ ДАННЫХ: МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ
Authors: Shchekotin Eugenii V. , Kovarzh Galina Yu. , Goiko Vyacheslav L. , Petrov Evgeny Yu. , Bakulin Vyacheslav V.
Published: October 2020

Актуальность. Углубление тенденции на цифровизацию различных аспектов социальной жизни актуализирует применение цифровых технологий в социальных науках. Такие цифровые методы исследования, как машинное обучение, интеллектуальный анализ данных, большие данные и т. д., обладают огромным потенциалом для изучения и решения многих социальных проблем. Цифровые методы исследования получили широкое применение в исследованиях благополучия, качества жизни, счастья, удовлетворенности населения. Цель исследования: оценить качество жизни населения регионов РФ на основе данных социальных сетей и с использованием цифровых методов исследования. Методология основана на изучении субъективных оценок качества жизни пользователями социальной сети «ВКонтакте» в регионе своего проживания. Для реализации данной методологии использовались технологии больших данных (извлечение большого массива данных из социальной сети «ВКонтакте») и машинного обучения (анализ полученных данных – определение тональности и темы сообщений). Результаты: предложена методология изучения качества жизни населения регионов РФ с использованием цифровых методов и данных социальных сетей. Рассмотрены преимущества и недостатки представленного метода исследования. Разработан инструмент для оценки качества жизни – Индекс субъективного (не)благополучия. Проведена оценка качества жизни для 83 из 85 регионов РФ.
Forecasting the system of transport space indicators based on the analysis of the regions`s territories in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Zhuravskaya Marina A.
Published: October 2020

The article focuses on organization issues of transport spaces of different territories and their influence on efficiency of regions. In order to reveal the influence extent, the analysis of correlation among 31 subjects (regions) of the Russian Federation was made. A philosophy approach was used to predicting of transport space indicators of regions in the context of transition of the society towards steady development. Systematization of basic categories of transport network was done: transport accessibility and transport sufficiency.
Hardware and software complex for development and testing of electronic devices for transport industry
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kharitonov Anton S. , Shtrapenin Gennadiy L. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: October 2020

The article focuses on creating an experimental option of hardware and software complex for development and testing of electrical and electronic devices for transport industry. The complex combines software support for modeling, analysis and optimization of circuits as well as hardware module with possibility to import data for installing its parameters, intended for assembly of the layout of the device, measurements and subsequent analysis of the obtained data.
Effect of urban public transport rolling stock construction on time of boarding and disembarkation of passengers
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Tsarikov Alexey A. , Bondarenko Viktor G. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Bushuyeva Viktoriya E. ,   Ural state forestry university (USFU)
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the data on investigation of boarding-disembarkation of passengers onto public transport rolling stock of different class. The main constructive indicators of public transport rolling stock are found out, which influence the time spent by the rolling stock at the stop.
Physiotherapeutic support of patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis after total hip prosthetics
Authors: YAMSHCHIKOV Oleg N. , VORONIN Nikita I. , MARKOV Dmitry A. , Zvereva Ksenia P.
Published: October 2020

Today, the main method of surgical treatment of dysplastic coxarthrosis among adults is total hip prosthetics. Distant positive results according to foreign authors are 76–89%. One method of rehabilitation is physiotherapeutic treatment. The absence of standardized physiotherapeutic treatment protocols leads to a sharp reduction in the prescription of this type of rehabilitation measures. The aim of the study is to assess the long-term results of hip joint endoprosthetics among patients with dysplastic coxarthrosis using the developed physiotherapeutic treatment technique. Research materials and methods. For the period from 2010 to 2014, 205 patients were performed an operation with dysplastic coxarthrosis 1, 2, 3 degrees of Crowe. In the pre- and postoperative periods, patients of the main group were prescribed physiotherapeutic treatment according to the developed methodology. Evaluation of the results was carried out 12 months after surgical treatment using clinical and radiological methods, questionnaires using the Harris scale, SF-36. The obtained data were processed using statistical methods: Student coefficient, Pearson coefficient, correlation method. Results. When analyzing distant results, the average Harris score in the main group 85.82 (84.93–86.71) was significantly higher than in the comparison group 83.01 (82.02–84.00). The average score of the SF-36 questionnaire in the main group was significantly higher than in the comparison group (p < 0.001). Mental health indicators of patients were not significantly different from those of the postoperative period and were at a high level. Conclusions. Prescription of physiotherapeutic treatment promotes rapid healing of postoperative wounds and improves results of surgical treatment.
Structure and content of adaptive physical recreation of women of second mature age with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: DERYABINA Galina I. , LERNER Viktoria L. , CHASTIKHIN Alexander M.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The relevance of the topic of the study is due on the one hand to the wide spread of the disease among the female population of the second mature age period, and on the other, to the significant health effects of physical exercise on the human body. We proposed the structure and content of the adaptive physical recreation technique, justified the effectiveness of its effect. The purpose of the study was to develop the content of classes within the framework of adaptive motor recreation, which contribute to the improvement of the functional state of the body of women with pathologies of the cardiovascular system. The object of the study is the process of adaptive motor recreation of women of the second mature age period. The subject of the study is the content of the method of adaptive motor recreation for women of the second mature age period with cardiovascular diseases. The proposed method of training has stage structure with a certain orientation as well as structure in parts of a specific activities. We carried out the experimental part of the study on the basis of the fitness studio “Happy Dance” (Tambov), where we formed a group of women 35–55 years old with heart and vascular diseases in the initial stage. Recreational activities, including therapeutic gymnastics, have shown their effectiveness, expressed in the gradual improvement of indicators such as blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate.
Fundamental operator-function of an integro-differential operator with derivatives of functionals in Banach spaces
Authors: Grazhdantseva Elena Yu.
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we consider a generalized integro-differential operator with derivatives of functionals, which has in its construction an invertible operator in the linear part free of derivatives. The research uses previously obtained results in the field of fundamental operator functions in Banach spaces, as well as the properties of generalized functions, operators, and functionals. For an integro-differential operator with derivatives of functionals in Banach spaces, a fundamental operator-function in the terminology of Jordan sets is obtained and the conditions for the existence of this fundamental operator-function are revealed.
To estimating linear functionals values over solutions of systems with aftereffect
Authors: Maksimov Vladimir P.
Published: October 2020

For a wide class of linear functional differential systems with Volterra operators, a constructive technique is proposed to obtain estimates of linear functionals values over solutions in conditions of uncertainty of external perturbations. It can be applied to solutions of boundary value problems with arbitrary number of boundary conditions as well as to description of attainability sets in control problems with respect to given on-target functionals. External perturbations are constrained by a given linear inequalities system on the main time segment. The technique is based on the results of general theory of functional differential equations about the solvability of boundary value problems with general linear boundary conditions and the representation of solutions. The problem under consideration is reduced to the generalized moment problem. Therewith the results on the properties of the Cauchy matrix to systems with aftereffect are of essential importance. The general form of functionals allows one to cover many cases being topical in applications such as multipoint, integral ones, as well as hybrids of those.
The Effects of Anti-retroviral Therapy on Epigenetic Age Acceleration Observed in HIV-1-infected Adults
Authors: Sehl Mary E. , Rickabaugh Tammy M. , Shih Roger , Martinez-Maza Otoniel , Horvath Steve , Ramirez Christina M. , Jamieson Beth D.
Published: October 2020

Background: HIV-1 infection is associated with acceleration of age-related methylation patterns in peripheral blood and brain of infected individuals although the relative contributions of HIV-1 infection versus its treatment to the observed accelerations in biological aging have not yet been investigated.Methods: In this longitudinal study of the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on epigenetic aging patterns, we extracted DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 15 HIV-1-infected individuals infected at three time points: 6 months-1year pre-ART, 6-12 months post-initiation of ART, and 18-24 months after initiating ART. We compared these trajectories with those of 15 age-matched uninfected control participants at three time points with similar intervals. Methylation studies were performed using the Infinium methylation 450 arrays. We examined four epigenetic clock measurements: Age acceleration residual (AAR), Extrinsic (EEAA), Phenotypic (PEAA), and Grim (GEAA) epigenetic age acceleration. Weighted correlation network (WGCNA) analysis was used to identify clusters of highly co-methylated CpGs.Results: We found that prior to the initiation of ART all four epigenetic measures were significantly higher in HIV-1-infected individuals compared with uninfected individuals (P<0.001 for AAR, P=0.008 for EEAA, P=0.012 for GEAA, P<0.001 for PEAA using Wilcoxon rank sum tests between serostatus groups). These effects persisted after the initiation of ART, although the magnitude of these differences diminished. At 18-24 months post-ART initiation (time point 3), PEAA and GEAA were no longer significantly different between HIV-1-infected and uninfected individuals (P=0.059 for PEAA, P=0.11 for GEAA), while AAR and EEAA remained significantly higher in HIV-1-infected individuals compared with uninfected individuals. We further examined for global patterns of methylation differences between HIV-1-infected and uninfected at each time point, and found 14 groups of co-methylated CpGs that were significantly different between groups at baseline, and remained different after the initiation of ART.Conclusion: We confirm that epigenetic age acceleration associated with HIV-1 infection is most dramatic before ART initiation, and this observation is consistent across four epigenetic clock measurements, as well as in additional groups of co-methylated CpGs identified using WGCNA. Following initiation of ART, there is a partial reduction in age acceleration in all measures, with loss of any significant difference in PEAA and GEAA between serostatus groups. Our findings support the need for future studies examining for a link between epigenetic age acceleration and clinical outcomes in HIV-1-infected individuals.
Modeling that Predicts Elementary Particles and Explains Data about Dark Matter, Early Galaxies, and the Cosmos
Authors: Buckholtz Thomas J.
Published: October 2020

We try to solve three decades-old physics challenges. List all elementary particles. Describe dark matter. Describe mechanisms that govern the rate of expansion of the universe. We propose new modeling. The modeling uses extensions to harmonic oscillator mathematics. The modeling points to all known elementary particles. The modeling suggests new particles. Based on those results, we do the following. We explain observed ratios of dark matter amounts to ordinary matter amounts. We suggest details about galaxy formation. We suggest details about inflation. We suggest aspects regarding changes in the rate of expansion of the universe. We interrelate the masses of some elementary particles. We interrelate the strengths of electromagnetism and gravity. Our work seems to offer new insight regarding applications of harmonic oscillator mathematics. Our work seems to offer new insight regarding three branches of physics. The branches are elementary particles, astrophysics, and cosmology.
Remote Sensing Based Methodology for the Quick Update of Population Exposed to Natural Hazards
Authors: Boni Giorgio , De Angeli Silvia , Taramasso Angela Celeste , Roth Giorgio
Published: October 2020

The assessment of the number of people exposed to natural hazards, especially in countries with strong urban growth, is difficult to be updated at the same rate as land use develops. This paper presents a remote sensing based procedure for quick updating the assessment of the population exposed to natural hazards. A relationship between satellite nightlights intensity and urbanization density from global available cartography is first assessed when all data are available. This can be used to extrapolate urbanization data at different time steps, updating exposure each time new nightlights intensity maps are available. As reliability test for the proposed methodology, the number of people exposed to riverine flood in Italy is assessed, deriving a probabilistic relationship between DMSP nightlights intensity and urbanization density from GUF database for the year 2011. People exposed to riverine flood are assessed crossing the population distributed on the derived urbanization density with flood hazard zones provided by ISPRA. The validation on reliable exposures derived from ISTAT data shows good agreement. The possibility to update exposure maps with higher refresh rate makes this approach particularly suitable for applications in developing countries, where exposure may change at sub-yearly scale.
The Important Role of Breast Microbiota in Breast Cancer
Authors: Su Kar-Yan , Lee Wai-Leng , Balasubramaniam Vinod
Published: October 2020

One in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) in their lifetime, resulting in over 2 million cases annually. BC is the most common cancer among women. Unfortunately, the etiology of majority of cases remains unknown. Recently, evidence has shown that the human microbiota plays an important role in health and disease. Intriguingly, studies have revealed the presence of microorganisms in human breast tissue, which was previously presumed to be sterile. Next-generation sequencing technologies have paved way for the investigation of breast microbiota, uncovering bacterial signatures that are associated with BC. Some of the bacterial species were found to possess pro-carcinogenic and/or anti-carcinogenic properties, suggesting that the breast microbiota has potentially crucial roles in maintenance of breast health. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on breast tissue microbiota and its interplay with BC. Bacterial signatures identified via next-generation sequencing as well as their impact on breast carcinogenesis and cancer therapies are reviewed. Correlation of breast tissue microbiota and other factors, such as geographical and racial differences, in BC is discussed. Additionally, we discuss the future directions of research on breast microbiota as well as its potential role in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of BC.
Nanostructures GaAs Solar Cells
Authors: Nur E Alam Mohammad , Das Narottam
Published: October 2020

At present, the world is now passing a very far different time than normal situation due to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The global life-style and human civilization is currently progressing with down-stream that affecting almost every sectors necessary for human civilizations except the current environmental situation. To control the COVID-19 spreading, most of the countries are following lockdown process that reduces human mobility, thus reducing the CO2 emission to the environment. Though the COVID-19 pandemic is a blessing for the present environment, however, the post-COVID world will face a massive thrust of energy and only conventional energy resources may not be enough to mitigate the energy demands. Solar power generation technology mainly the photovoltaic (PV) systems and their advancement can be the leading possibilities to minimize the gap between the power demand and generation. It is now time to think how we can improve the PV power generation in future and the post-COVID world. In this encyclopaedia communication, we report on Nano-technological approach to improve the conversion efficiency of GaAs solar cells. We have designed and optimized several types of nano-structured assemblies that can be implemented to reduce the front surface incident light reflection losses thus can assist to improve the conversion efficiency of GaAs solar cells.
Finite-Field Calculations of Transition Properties by the Fock Space Relativistic Coupled Cluster Method: Transitions between Different Fock Space Sectors
Authors: Zaitsevskii Andrei , Oleynichenko Alexander , Eliav Ephraim
Published: October 2020

Reliable information on transition matrix elements of various property operators between molecular electronic states is of crucial importance for predicting spectroscopic, electric, magnetic and radiative properties of molecules. The finite-field technique is a simple and rather accurate tool for evaluating transition matrix elements of first-order properties in the frames of the Fock space relativistic coupled cluster approach. We formulate and discuss the extension of this technique to the case of transitions between the electronic states associated with different sectors of the Fock space. Pilot applications to the evaluation of transition dipole moments between the closed-shell-like states (vacuum sector) and those dominated by single excitations of the Fermi vacuum (the $1h1p$ sector) in heavy atoms (Xe, Hg) and simple molecules of heavy element compounds (I${}_2$, TlF) are reported.
Iron Dysregulation in Human Cancer: Altered Metabolism, Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, Monitoring and Rationale for Therapy
Authors: Lelièvre Pierre , Sancey Lucie , Coll Jean-Luc , Deniaud Aurélien , Busser Benoît
Published: October 2020

Iron (Fe) is a trace element that plays essential roles in various biological processes such as DNA synthesis and repair, as well as cellular energy production, or oxygen transport, and it is currently widely recognized that iron homeostasis is dysregulated in many cancers. Indeed, several iron homeostasis proteins may be responsible for malignant tumor initiation, proliferation, and for metastatic spread of tumors. A large number of studies demonstrated the potential clinical value of turning these deregulated proteins as prognostic and/or predictive biomarkers of malignancy and /or response to anticancer treatments. Additionally, the iron addiction of cancer cells and the importance of iron in ferroptosis cell death signaling pathways prompted the development of therapeutic strategies against advanced stage or resistant cancers. In this review, we selected relevant and promising studies in the field of iron metabolism in cancer research and clinical oncology. Besides, we discuss some co-existing discrepant findings. We will also present and discuss the latest lines of research related to targeting iron, or its regulatory pathways, as potential promising anti-cancer strategies for human therapy. Iron chelators, such as deferoxamine or iron-oxide based nanoparticles, which are already tested in clinical trials, alone or in combination with chemotherapy will also be reported.
Multiple Sclerosis in a Multi-Ethnic Population in Houston, Texas: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Mercado Vicki , Dongarwar Deepa , Fisher Kristen , Salihu Hamisu M. , Hutton George J. , Cuascut Fernando X.
Published: October 2020

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects more than 2 million people worldwide. Increasing knowledge about MS in different populations has advanced our understanding of disease epidemiology and variation in the natural history of MS among White and minority populations. In addition to differences in incidence, African American (AA) and Hispanic patients have greater disease burden and disability in earlier stages of disease compared to White patients. To further characterize MS in AA and Hispanic populations, we conducted a retrospective chart analysis of 112 patients treated at an MS center in Houston, Texas. Here, we describe differences in clinical presentation, MRI findings, treatment regimens, disability progression, and relapse rate. We found that patients who were evaluated by a neurologist at symptom onset had significantly decreased odds of greater disability [defined as Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) > 4.5] at last presentation compared to patients who were not evaluated by a neurologist (OR: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.16-0.9). We also found that active smokers had significantly increased odds of greater disability both at diagnosis and at last clinical encounter compared to nonsmokers (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.10-7.10, OR= 2.44, 95% CI: 1.35-6.12, p= 0.01, respectively). Assessment of the degree of brain atrophy and progression over time along with enumeration of T1, T2, and gadolinium-enhancing brain lesions did not reveal differences across groups.
Industrial Robot Control by Means of Gestures and Voice Commands in Off-Line and On-Line Mode
Authors: Kaczmarek Wojciech , Panasiuk Jarosław , Borys Szymon , Banach Patryk
Published: October 2020

The paper presents the possibility of using KINECT v2 module to control an industrial robot by means of gestures and voice commands. It describes elements of creating software for off-line and on-line robot control. The application for KINECT module was developed in C# language in Visual Studio environment, while the industrial robot control program was developed in RAPID language in RobotStudio environment. The development of a two-threaded application in RAPID language allowed to separate two independent tasks for the IRB120 robot. The main task of the robot is performed in thread no. 1 (responsible for movement). Simultaneously working thread no. 2 ensures continuous communication with the KINECT system and provides information about the gesture and voice commands in real time without any interference in thread no. 1. The applied solution allows the robot to work in industrial conditions without negative impact of communication task on the time of robot’s work cycles. Thanks to the development of a digital twin of the real robot station, tests of proper application functioning in off-line mode (without using a real robot) were conducted. Obtained results were verified online (on the real test station). Tests of correctness of gesture recognition were carried out, the robot recognized all programmed gestures. Another test carried out was the recognition and execution of voice commands. A difference in the time of task completion between the actual and virtual station was noticed - the average difference was 0.67 s. The last test carried out was to examine the impact of interference on the recognition of voice commands. With a 10dB difference between the command and noise, the recognition of voice commands was equal to 91.43%. The developed computer programs have a modular structure, which enables easy adaptation to process requirements.
О решении одной обратной задачи для уравнений мелкой воды в бассейне с переменной глубиной
Authors: Баев Андрей Владимирович , Baev Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: October 2020

Рассмотрена задача распространения волн малой амплитуды на поверхности мелкой воды в водоеме с переменной глубиной. Из системы уравнений мелкой воды получено уравнение Кортевега-де Вриза (КдВ) с переменным коэффициентом, учитывающим как профиль дна, так и геометрическое расхождение волн. Поставлена и в рамках адиабатического приближения решена обратная задача, состоящая в определении переменного профиля дна по периоду и амплитуде стационарных волн. Показано, что учет геометрической расходимости волн существенно влияет на результат решения обратной задачи.
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTIC OF SHEEP’S MILK AND PRO-HEALTH PROPERTIES DEPENDING ON THE SOMATIC CELLS COUNT
Authors:   Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland, WRZECIŃSKA Marcjanna , CZERNIAWSKA-PIĄTKOWSKA Ewa ,   Department of Ruminant Science, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
Published: October 2020

Sheep milk is a valuable product due to its properties and composition. It is richer in high-quality protein and contains more nutritional value compared to the milk of other ruminants. Raw milk is characterized by a lack of enzymatic activity and a lack of pathogenic microorganisms. Milk also has a high content of minerals. For this reason, sheep's milk is a good raw material for the dairy industry and the production of fermented milk drinks as well as cheese. During lactation, the content of individual milk ingredients and milk yield fluctuate, which translates into the nutritional value of the product. Also, the content of somatic cells in milk is significantly different between the peak and the end of lactation of animals. The increase in cellular elements is a major indicator of mammary gland infection. The cause of mastitis is bacterial infection or mechanical teat damage. Inflammation of the mammary gland is a serious problem for dairy farmers due to the health and economic aspects of this disease, which is the main cause of slaughtering ewes and the fall of many animals, as well as enforcing the cost of healing females, and the obtained milk is utilized. It is estimated that up to 60% of sheep in herds can suffer from asymptomatic mastitis, which is a serious problem for the dairy industry. That is why research is important to analyze the amount of somatic cells in milk.
Biodiversity of potentially “lalapan” vegetables in Kampung Adat Naga, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
Authors: Septiani Nurlinda , Hernawati Diana , Putra Rinaldi Rizal
Published: October 2020

Kampung Naga is a traditional village or ethnic in Tasikmalaya, Indonesia with a wealth of biodiversity. This ethnic group, with local knowledge, always involves natural richness in everyday life (ethnobotany). However, not many know about utilizing potentially lalapan vegetables that are commonly used daily by the indigenous people of Kampung Naga. Therefore, this research aims to describe the diversity of potentially lalapan vegetables in the ethnobotanical study used by the people of Kampung Adat Naga. Therefore, this research aims to describe the diversity of potentially fresh plants in the ethnobotanical study used by the people of Kampung Adat Naga. The ethnobotanical studies covered include plant species, plant organ parts used, habitus, habitat type, and relative frequency of citation (RFC) calculations. This study was conducted by the qualitative-survey method. The data was analyzed by using an exploratory-descriptive approach and analyzed descriptively quantitatively.  The results showed 46 species of potentially fresh plants commonly used by local people in Kampung Adat Naga and 22 families. The plant's widely used part is the 56% leaf organ, a much-found habitus of 37% herb. For habitat types, as much as 38% are found in gardens. In contrast, the highest RFC value is possessed by species Cucumis sativus L. of 0.93. The local wisdom pattern owned by the Kampung Naga community about planting "lalapan" is a form of fundamental knowledge. Therefore it is essential to maintain its preservation as a form of local cultural diversity.