bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotional Branding Through Celebrity Endorsements
Authors: Dhandhnia Kopal Agrawal , Tripathi Sanjeev
Published: September 2018

Emotional branding is an effective way to create a long-lasting relationship with the customers. The recent shift in brand strategy is towards gaining an emotional share of consumers and understanding the symbolic, emotional features that generate socio-psychological associations in their minds. Use of celebrities through celebrity advertising can act as effective tools to develop a strong emotive tie with a consumer, which can overtime, culminate into long-term brand equity and an emotional connect with the brand. In this chapter, we develop an understanding of various aspects of celebrity endorsement and explain how these can be used to connect emotionally with consumers. We also illustrate situations where use of celebrities has had a positive effect on emotional branding and where it has failed miserably.
An Exploratory Study of the Effectiveness of Mobile Advertising
Authors: Peng Jianping , Qu Juanjuan , Peng Le , Quan Jing ("Jim")
Published: September 2018

This study examines factors related to the effectiveness of mobile advertising. Using a large data set with 115,899 records of ad tap-through from a mobile advertising company in China, the authors identify that the influencing factors for advertisement tap through are application type, mobile operators, scrolling frequency, and regional income level. They use a logit model to analyze how the probability of advertisement tap through is related to the identified factors. The results show that application type, mobile operators, scrolling frequency, and the regional income level are positively correlated with the likelihood whether users would tap on certain types of advertising. In addition, they use the Bayesian network model to estimate the conditional probability for a user to tap on an advertisement in an application after the user already taps on another advertisement in the same application. Based on the findings, the authors propose strategies for mobile advertisers to engage in effective and targeted mobile advertising.
The Emotional Branding Process
Authors: Acharya Manaswini
Published: September 2018

This chapter aims to provide insights into the various facets of building brands with the use of emotions. Today, technology is playing an intrusive but imperative role in our lives and has made it fast paced. This leaves people with little time to decide on the products and services they want to buy. It is tending to a decision based more on learning about the attributes of the product from a utility perspective alone. The part where customers feel about products and services and then pay attention to attributes, irrespective of they being high-involvement or low-involvement products is slowly reducing. Purchase decisions are being taken more by the head than by the heart. The necessity to consider building strong brands as an essential strategy in order to succeed in an ever-growing highly competitive environment has taken significant proportions today. Customer experience management has been adopted as the process for establishing brands using emotions.
Marketing Strategies in Competitive Markets and Challenging Times
Authors: Nasır Süphan
Published: September 2018

The challenging times and competition pose a serious threat to the survival of enterprises. The main objective of this chapter is to discuss the marketing strategies that help enterprises to continue their financial health in challenging times such as during the period of recessions or in rapidly changing competitive markets. A framework of strategies, which may enable enterprises to sustain and thrive their profitability in challenging and competitive markets, is proposed based upon the strategies on which the literature has reached a broad consensus. The proposed marketing strategies for challenging and competitive markets include creating customer value, differentiation and innovation, finding alternative ways to price cut, emphasizing brand value, maintaining marketing and advertising, focusing on targeted marketing communication, reviewing and measuring marketing budget effectiveness, understanding marketplace, developing strategies based upon customer insight, becoming customer-centered, focusing on customer retention and loyalty, and re-evaluating and prioritizing customer segments.
A Consumer-Based Branding Process
Authors: Duman Orhan
Published: September 2018

The branding process can be classified as business- and consumer-based branding. The current study introduces a model proposal to the consumer-based branding process. The model focuses on identifying and analyzing the process between consumers' perceptual benefits and emotional brand attachment. The related process focuses on the relationship between product performance, brand preference, subjective brand knowledge, self-based brand engagement and emotional brand attachment factors. The basic assumption of the model is that a consumer first benefits on the basis of brand performance, this benefit triggers brand preference, then this preference turns into subjective brand knowledge, brand knowledge supports consumer's self-based brand engagement, and eventually leads to emotional brand attachment. The analysis is based on the assumption that the consumer performs five main factors modeled in branding perception in the chain / sequential order.
Clients' Perception, Extent of Adoption, and Level of Satisfaction With Multi-Platform Advertising Media Strategies (MuPAMS)
Authors: Otunla Adekunle Olusola , Olatunji Oloruntobiloba T.
Published: September 2018

Nigeria is becoming a global player in the business economy of Africa. Ibadan comes next to Lagos being the commercial hub of Nigeria; with high concentration of advertising and sales promotion and patronages This study investigates clients' perception, adoption and satisfaction with multi-platform advertising media strategies (MuPAMS) among business organisations in Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was adopted, data was gathered using Multi-Platform Advertising Media Adoption Questionnaire (MuPAMAQ) (r = 0.86); and analysed descriptively. Findings revealed that majority of business organisations in Ibadan attached high importance to flier (57.7%), television (47.7%) and social media (47.4%). Thus, best promotion platforms were flier (84.6%) and social media (57.4%). Majority (69.3%) indicated very low satisfaction with the advertising agency services of which only 33.3% made quarterly requests per year. Adoption of multiple advertising platforms was recommended among media practitioners in Nigeria, to provide clients with a wide range of options and alternatives.
Analysis Social Media Based Brand Communities and Consumer Behavior
Authors: Hosseini Monireh , Ghalamkari Afsoon
Published: September 2018

In today's highly competitive markets, business managers are always looking for new ways to increase awareness of their products and promote their brands. As such, they use a variety of marketing strategies to attract more customers. This study was implemented using a qualitative research method known as netnography in conjunction with MAXQDA data analysis software. Three smartphone brand communities were studied, and their popular brand pages (Samsung, Sony, and Huawei) were targeted on Instagram. This study consists of two parts. First, the researchers analyse the content of user comments to explore the consumer's brand attitude, purchase decision-making process, and consumer decision-making styles. In the second part, the content of posts of brands was coded in order to examine creative social media strategies used by these brands and measure their efficiency. Results offer valuable guidelines to brands with regards to consumer behaviour on social media.
Brand Journalism and Personal Branding in Academia
Authors: Gonzales Hada M. Sánchez
Published: September 2018

The book chapter seeks to highlight the importance of brand journalism and personal branding within the university context. First, the focus is on determining how universities are adapting to the changing needs of their audience by utilising new narrative techniques. Second, we must determine whether brand journalism in turn allows for the construction of personal branding. If so, we would like to know whether teachers coming from the Schools of Communication / Information of universities in Spain have created their personal brands, in addition to what criteria and tools had to be taken into consideration for its creation. In conclusion, a lack of progress in regards to the development of a personal brand as well as personal branding in academia is observed.
Space of Culture and Brand in Sequel of Telugu Films
Authors: Yadav Rasu Chatrapathi
Published: September 2018

Telugu film industry known as Tollywood, is making its mark in terms of rich contents and branding strategies and subsequently receiving the audiences' acceptance to a greater extent. Making sequel of film has brought success to many of the films. The positioning of culture and brands has played a major role in the sequel of Telugu films in India. The films like Money - Money Money to Money Money more Money, Gaayam to Gaayam 2, Satya to Satya 2, Shankar Dada MBBS to Shankar Dada Zindabad, Rakta Charithra to Rakta Charithra 2, Mantra to Mangala and Mantra 2, Gabbar Singh to Sardaar Gabbar Singh, Baahubali: The Beginning to Baahubali 2: The Conclusion have made their landmark if culture and branding are taken into discussion. The making of such films has redefined the space of culture and brand endorsements. The chapter attempts to explore the sequel of Telugu films which have relevant pertinence to culture and branding in India.
Actor Effect
Authors: Başal Bilgen
Published: September 2018

A few advertising masters shaped the advertising industry and each pioneered distinctly different principles of advertising. Legendary advertising masters in advertising history - each with a distinctive style and discourse, created advertising narration on different issues. Albert Lasker created narration on salesmanship in print and reason-why advertising, Claude Hopkins on scientific advertising and pre-emptive claim, John Emory Powers on honesty and plain speaking copywriting, John Wanamaker on retailing, consumerism and effectiveness of advertising, William Bernbach on simplicity, originality and creativity of advertising perception, David Ogilvy on brand image, big idea and creative salesmanship, Leo Burnett on common touch, dramatic realism in advertising and visual imagery icons. By focusing on the story of some great advertising legends mentioned above, this study tries to examine how they have defined and shaped advertising history into the exhilarating one and how they have revolutionized the way business sells its products and consumers perceive the brands.
The Effectiveness of Financing the Marketing of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Qatar and the Gulf Co-Operation Council (GCC) Countries
Authors: Al-Marri Mohammed , Al-Hasan Said
Published: September 2018

This chapter considers whether financing the marketing of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Qatar and the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) countries has an effect on the advertising of these businesses. The authors investigate the various marketing finance problems facing SMEs and the effect on advertising. The chapter employs quantitative methods to gather and analyze data and the research strategy adopted involved a sequential procedure. In order to answer the research question how effective the financing of marketing of SMEs in the GCC countries is in terms of advertising the general profiles of respondents and businesses, the importance of the marketing department to the business and the marketing capabilities of SMEs were investigated taking into account the financing of the marketing budget.
Retail Marketing Strategies and Brand Management
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: September 2018

This article aims to provide a critical review of the published literature related to retail marketing strategies and brand management in the global retail industry. The literature review covers the overview of marketing strategies; retail marketing strategies and technological utilization; international retail marketing strategies in the global retail industry; retail marketing strategies and internationalization; the challenges of retail marketing strategies in the fashion retail industry; the overview of brand management; and the significance of brand management in the global retail industry. Effective marketing is necessary to compete in the ever-growing worldwide retail industry sector. The improved retail profits are within reach with the purposeful retail marketing strategies. Brand management means defining the brand, positioning the brand, and delivering the brand. The literature review analysis provides both practitioners and researchers an important understanding about retail marketing strategies and brand management in the global retail industry.
Copying, Branding, and the Ethical Implications of Rights in Immaterial Cultural Goods
Authors: Röschenthaler Ute M.
Published: September 2018

Laws and regulations are important instruments for governing the relationships between people. In recent years, however, scholars have noted a growing judicialization, which concerns particularly immaterial cultural goods that are turned into intellectual and cultural properties. This chapter explores the implications of these regulations for the different actors involved, their moral responsibility and economic practices in the domains of branding and copying with examples of immaterial cultural goods from different African countries and from Austria. It argues that legal regulations that govern the use of immaterial cultural goods form part of the capitalist system. These regulations may be good for some and a hindrance for others. Piracy might damage the investments of an entrepreneur or artist in a brand or art work but might also help to secure the livelihood of other people and enhance the renown of products. Hence, it is important to analyze the perspectives and interests of individuals that are related to these economically important and ethically relevant activities.
Towards an HCI-Based Symbiotic Environment for Alzheimer's Support
Authors: Hadjileontiadis Leontios J. , Mandiliotis Dimitrios , Toumpas Konstantinos , Kyprioti Aikaterini
Published: September 2018

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), being the most common form of dementia diagnosed in people over 65 years of age, is a global problem with dramatic impact, as there is no cure for it and worsens as it progresses, eventually leading to death. As the sufferer declines s/he often withdraws from family and society, leading to a marginalized way of living. Considering the life expectancy rise, a looming global epidemic of AD is foreseen; hence, new approaches need to be considered regarding AD prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and confrontation. In this vein, an alternative approach (namely Symbiosis) towards a symbiotic Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) environment is presented in this chapter, as a means to facilitate, understand and incorporate the needs of the whole AD community (i.e., patients, caregivers and doctors), involving cutting-edge technology, special serious games and natural-user interfacing, embedded within an innovative design framework. Overall, Symbiosis acts as a technology-based mediator for AD's indoor and outdoor activities, fostering their social inclusion and increasing their quality of life in a symbiotic context.
Assistive Technologies and the Carers of People With Dementia
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sarmishtha , Benbow Susan Mary
Published: September 2018

Assistive technologies have a role in supporting both formal and informal carers of people with dementia, and in maintaining the independence, and quality of life of both people with dementia and their carers. The authors report a narrative review of the use of technological interventions to empower the carers of people with dementia, and relate this to a model of ageing well. They argue that this highlights the importance of empowering and connecting with carers in order to increase their participation and connection in the care of their relative/client; and conclude that both empowerment and connection contribute to maintaining autonomy and well-being of both carers and people with dementia. Technological interventions should not be used as alternatives to connection. The emphasis in practice should be on empowering and connecting with both carers and people with dementia.
Drug Delivery Strategies for Tolerogenic Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases in an Antigen-Specific Manner
Authors: Peine Kevin J. , Chen Naihan , Bachelder Eric M. , Ainslie Kristy M.
Published: September 2018

Autoimmune diseases are the result of an improper immune response towards a self-antigen. Predominantly, autoimmune diseases have been treated using therapies that suppress systemic immune responses, which can result in significant side-effects like increased risk of infection and cancer. Alternatively, induction of immune tolerance through antigen-specific therapies can inhibit disease-associated responses without systemic suppression. Previously, immune tolerance has been accomplished by soluble antigen delivery through oral, nasal or sublingual routes. However, these therapies have shown minimal success in clinical settings. In an attempt to increase the efficacy of these therapies, recent work has utilized microparticulate delivery vehicles for the induction of immune tolerance. Microparticles are capable of increasing the solubility and circulation of cargo. In addition, their ability to passively target macrophages and dendritic cells increases their capacity for modulating the immune response. Recent work has shown microparticles fabricated with disease-associated antigens have limited disease progression and severity in animal models of Multiple Sclerosis, Type 1 Diabetes and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inhibition of disease progression has corresponded with an antigen-specific decrease in inflammatory responses. The emerging field of inducing tolerance through microparticle-based therapies can limit therapeutic side-effects and increase patient quality of life by providing for long-term suppression of autoimmune disorders without compromising systemic immune function.
An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Thrombophilia Risk
Authors: Vilhena João , Vicente Henrique , Martins M. Rosário , Grañeda José , Caldeira Filomena , Gusmão Rodrigo , Neves João , Neves José
Published: September 2018

Thrombophilia stands for a genetic or an acquired tendency to hypercoagulable states, frequently as venous thrombosis. Venous thromboembolism, represented mainly by deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is often a chronic illness, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the cause of the disease, the most appropriate treatment, the length of treatment or prevent a thrombotic recurrence. This work will focus on the development of a diagnosis decision support system in terms of a formal agenda built on a Logic Programming approach to knowledge representation and reasoning, complemented with a computational framework based on Artificial Neural Networks. The proposed model has been quite accurate in the assessment of thrombophilia predisposition (accuracy close to 95%). Furthermore, the model classified properly the patients that really presented the pathology, as well as classifying the disease absence (sensitivity and specificity higher than 95%).
Global Burden of Mental Disorders
Authors: Tavaragi Meghamala S. , C. Sushma
Published: September 2018

Mental disorders are an important cause of long-term disability and dependency. It accounts for over 15% of the disease burden in developed countries, which is more than the disease burden caused by all cancers. Mental illness is a leading cause of suffering, economic loss and social problems. The burden of mental disorders is likely to have been underestimated because of inadequate appreciation of the connectedness between mental illness and other health conditions. Mental disorders increase risk for communicable and non-communicable diseases, and contribute to unintentional and intentional injury, and comorbidity complicates help-seeking, diagnosis, and treatment, and influences prognosis. Consequently, health professionals have trivialized the issue of mental illness. It is essential that researchers and public health professionals work together to resolve the enormous public health crisis presented by mental disorders. In short, we must “mainstream” mental health.
Towards a Telehomecare in Algeria
Authors: Zarour Karim
Published: September 2018

Most developing countries are generally characterized by some problems such as limited resources and professional isolation in the health area. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is supposed to give solutions through the use of e-Healthcare technologies. Information and communication technologies are valuable tools used to establish and maintain connections within and between healthcare providers, and between healthcare providers and Patients. Telehomecare evolves constantly. It can aid disabled persons, increase patient compliance, enhance caregivers' effectiveness, and connect socially isolated individuals to their care providers. Various research works have investigated different aspects of ICT in the context of telehomecare in some developed and developing countries. This paper describes an architectural framework for the development of telehomecare in Algeria for diabetes measurement and remote monitoring.
How We Hear and Experience Classical, Computer, and Virtual Music
Authors: Ehle Robert C.
Published: September 2018

This chapter examines occurrences and events associated with the experience of composing, playing, or listening to music. Discussion of popular music and computer music begins the chapter, including issues pertaining the tuning systems, digital interfaces, and software for music. It then recounts an experiment on the nature of pitch and psychoacoustics of resultant tones.
Inherent Requirements and Social Work Education
Authors: Boucher Steve
Published: September 2018

The aim of this chapter is to contribute to addressing issues of access and equity in social work education for people with mental health disabilities. The objective is to carefully consider the introduction of inherent requirements in universities, and particularly in relation to social work education, in Australia. A targeted review of relevant literature including legislation, policy, and practice standards frameworks identifies the parameters of inherent requirements and possible areas of discrimination. Consideration of the use of inherent requirements in social work education is from a human rights social justice perspective that acknowledges the strength and resources of people and communities and actively advocates for the protection of disability rights.
Internet-Facilitated Child Sexual Exploitation Crimes
Authors: Durkin Keith F. , DeLong Ronald L.
Published: September 2018

Internet crimes against children are a problematic yet often misunderstood phenomenon. Prominent examples of these offenses include child pornography, adults soliciting minors online, and the commercialized sexual exploitation of minors (e.g., human trafficking). Drawing upon recent research, the characteristics of offenses, offenders, and victims are examined. A multitude of issues related to the psychological assessment, classification, and treatment of the individuals who commit these offenses are also explored. Strategies for the prevention of this behavior and protection of minors online are discussed.
A Three-Vector Approach to Blind Spots in Cybersecurity
Authors: Westerlund Mika , Craigen Dan , Bailetti Tony , Agwae Uruemu
Published: September 2018

Cyberattacks are often successful due to “blind spots”: biases and preconceived information that affect human decision making. Blind spots that obstruct a person's view of malicious activity may result in massive economic losses. This chapter examines eight cases of successful cyberattacks from economic, technological, and psychological perspectives to blind spots, termed the “core vectors.” While previous research has focused on these vectors in isolation, this chapter combines the vectors for an integrated view. As a result, the chapter provides a novel list of blind spots that enable cybercrime.
Information and Communication Technology Ethics and Social Responsibility
Authors: Cahlik Tomas
Published: September 2018

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have penetrated during the last 20 years all human activities everywhere on the Earth. Humanity has entered into the information age, virtual reality and even virtual worlds have been crated. The basic ethical questions stay as they have always been: How are we to live? What are we to be? Of course, we ought to live good lives and be good persons. The aim of this chapter is to specify what “living a good life” and “being a good person” could be in the information age and to identify challenges and opportunities ICTs offer in this context. It is impossible to predict if the positive impacts outweigh the negative ones. Anyway, it is impossible to stop the development of ICTs. The open question is if the society ought to try to increase the costs of ICTs activities that are negative from the ethical point of view and to increase benefits of activities that are positive from the ethical point of view, who ought to do it and how. All members of society have responsibility to participate in discourse of this question.
Steganography Using Biometrics
Authors: Kalita Manashee , Majumder Swanirbhar
Published: September 2018

In this smart age, smart gadgets with internet connectivity have become a necessity. While enjoying these facilities, one must count the security of their private or confidential information. With due time, a lot of cryptographic methods have been developed for enforcing security. On the other hand, with the advancement of technologies, the intruders and hackers have also developed their skills and tools. Therefore, many times we fail to protect our information. To get rid of this situation, the developers have to focus on some other method besides cryptography. Steganography can be considered as the solution to overcome this problem, as it is the technique which conceals the existence of any secret information in a usual media file. Moreover, inclusion of biometric with steganography enhances the security level, as biometric systems are dominating the field of authentication. Here, various techniques of steganography, biometrics, and steganography using biometrics will be discussed. Finally, the present scenario of steganography using biometrics will be demonstrated.
Digital Natives, Work Values, and Computer Self Efficacy
Authors: Stockham Melia K. , Lind Mary
Published: September 2018

Generational differences in the workplace have been the subject of much discussion for the field of management. In many cases, the technology savvy of the youngest generation in the workplace, coined “digital natives,” is the motivation behind organizational decision-making. However, little empirical evidence exists as to whether it is their comfort and confidence using technology that truly sets digital natives apart from their generational predecessors known as “digital immigrants.” Work values, those areas of importance that enhance satisfaction and engagement in the workplace, are rooted in the belief that there is a structure to basic human values. This study connects the theories of work values, generational differences, and computer self-efficacy to investigate if computer self-efficacy interacts with digital native status to influence differences in work values.
Factors Comprising Effective Risk Communication, Decision-Making, and Measurement of IT and IA Risk
Authors: Daza Ricardo , Hargiss Kathleen M
Published: September 2018

This article focuses on factors that comprise effective risk communication, decision-making, and measurement of information technology (IT)/ information assurance (IA) risk. A review of the extant literature provided the basis for the formulation of research questions. The sample population consisted of senior IT/IA practitioners from Florida chapters of information security professional organizations. Results of this study found that decision making, and measurement are all factors in effective risk communication of IT/IA risk to non-IT personnel. This research has implications for both IT/IA practitioners and recipients of risk communication through the identification of factors which influence IT/IA professionals in how and why IT/IA risk communication take place, and consequently, how to simplify and improve its effectiveness.
Brain damage in children
Authors: Clark Ruth
Published: September 2018

No abstract available.
Successful Treatment of Stevens–Johnson Syndrome with Cyclosporine and Corticosteroid
Authors: Auyeung Jessica , Lee Monica
Published: September 2018

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Should All Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease Receive an SGLT2 Inhibitor?
Authors: Barry Arden R , Mitchelmore Bradley R
Published: September 2018

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Análise da síndrome metabólica e dados clínico-epidemiológicos de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica
Authors: Brito Ana Paula Santos Oliveira , Araújo Gabriella Bisi , Mainardi Carolina Ribeiro , Martins Neto Eduardo dos Santos , Centeno Deborah Marques , Brito Marcus Vinicius Henriques
Published: September 2018

Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença crescente no mundo inteiro, atingindo pessoas de todas as idades e trazendo graves consequências para a qualidade de vida do paciente, que pode recorrer à cirurgia bariátrica como tratamento. Esta patologia é um fator de risco independente para outras enfermidades associadas. Ressaltando-se a Síndrome metabólica que pode ser definida como um grupo de fatores de risco inter-relacionados, de origem metabólica, que diretamente contribuem para o desenvolvimento de doença cardiovascular e/ou diabetes do tipo II. Objetivo: Analisar as alterações laboratoriais e clínico-antropométricas de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica pela técnica de Fobi-Capella no Hospital Ophir Loyola, em Belém do Pará, no período pré-operatório e de 12 meses após a cirurgia. Método: Foi realizada a análise dos prontuários e coletados os parâmetros: índice de massa corpórea, peso, glicemia de jejum, colesterol total, colesterol HDL, colesterol LDL, triglicerídeos e pressão arterial, ocorrendo a análise estatística pelo teste de ANOVA, considerando nível de significância de ≤ 5%. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes é do sexo feminino na faixa etária entre 30-40 anos, apresentando hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes mellitus como as principais comorbidades associadas. Conclusão: A maioria dos pacientes eram mulheres, com idade entre 30-40 anos, tendo a hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus como as principais comorbidades. Todos os parâmetros avaliados apresentaram melhora significante após um ano de cirurgia, sendo identificadas também complicações pós-cirúrgicas como queda de cabelo, astenia e hérnia incisional.
How dry was the Younger Dryas? Evidence from a coupled δ2H-δ18O biomarker paleohygrometer, applied to the Lake Gemündener Maar sediments, Western Eifel, Germany
Authors: Hepp Johannes , Wüthrich Lorenz , Bromm Tobias , Bliedtner Marcel , Schäfer Imke Kathrin , Glaser Bruno , Rozanski Kazimierz , Sirocko Frank , Zech Roland , Zech Michael
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The Late Glacial to Early Holocene transition phase and particularly the Younger Dryas period, i.e. the major last cold spell in Central Europe during the Late Glacial, are considered crucial for understanding rapid natural climate change in the past. The sediments from Maar lakes in the Eifel, Germany, have turned out to be valuable archives for recording such paleoenvironmental changes. For this study, we investigated a Late Glacial to Early Holocene sediment core that was retrieved from Lake Gemündener Maar in the Western Eifel, Germany. We analysed the hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) stable isotope composition of leaf wax-derived lipid biomarkers (n-alkanes C27 and C29) and hemicellulose-derived sugar biomarkers (arabinose), respectively. Both δ2H and δ18O are suggested to reflect mainly leaf water of vegetation growing in the catchment of the Gemündener Maar. This enables the coupling of the results via a δ2H-δ18O biomarker paleohygrometer approach and allows calculating past relative air humidity values, which is the major advantage of the applied approach. Fundamental was the finding that the isotopic enrichment of leaf water due to evapotranspiration depends mainly on relative humidity. We hence use the coupled δ2H-δ18O biomarker approach to reconstruct the deuterium-excess of leaf water and in turn relative air humidity values corresponding to the vegetation period and daytime (RHdv). Most importantly, the results of the coupled δ2H-δ18O biomarker paleohygrometer approach (i) support a two-phasing of the Younger Dryas, i.e. a relative wet phase (on Allerød level) followed by a drier Younger Dryas ending, (ii) do not corroborate overall drier climatic conditions characterising the Younger Dryas or a two-phasing with regard to a first dry and cold Younger Dryas phase followed by a warmer period along with increasing precipitation amounts, and (iii) suggest that the amplitude of RHdv changes during the Early Holocene was more pronounced compared to the Younger Dryas. One possible driver for the unexpected Lake Gemündener Maar RHdv variations could be the solar activity.
The Land surface Data Toolkit (LDT v7.2) – a data fusion environment for land data assimilation systems
Authors: Arsenault Kristi R. , Kumar Sujay V. , Geiger James V. , Wang Shugong , Kemp Eric , Mocko David M. , Beaudoing Hiroko Kato , Getirana Augusto , Navari Mahdi , Li Bailing , Jacob Jossy , Wegiel Jerry , Peters-Lidard Christa D.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The effective applications of land surface models (LSMs) and hydrologic models
pose a varied set of data input and processing needs, ranging from ensuring
consistency checks to more derived data processing and analytics. This
article describes the development of the Land surface Data Toolkit (LDT),
which is an integrated framework designed specifically for processing input
data to execute LSMs and hydrological models. LDT not only serves as a
preprocessor to the NASA Land Information System (LIS), which is an
integrated framework designed for multi-model LSM simulations and data
assimilation (DA) integrations, but also as a land-surface-based observation
and DA input processor. It offers a variety of user options and inputs to
processing datasets for use within LIS and stand-alone models. The LDT design
facilitates the use of common data formats and conventions. LDT is also
capable of processing LSM initial conditions and meteorological boundary
conditions and ensuring data quality for inputs to LSMs and DA routines. The
machine learning layer in LDT facilitates the use of modern data science
algorithms for developing data-driven predictive models. Through the use of
an object-oriented framework design, LDT provides extensible features for the
continued development of support for different types of observational datasets and data analytics algorithms to aid land surface modeling and data
assimilation.
Retrieval of snow freeboard of Antarctic sea ice using waveform fitting of
CryoSat-2 returns
Authors: Fons Steven W. , Kurtz Nathan T.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. In this paper we develop a CryoSat-2 algorithm to retrieve the surface elevation of the air-snow interface over Antarctic sea ice. This algorithm utilizes a two-layer physical model that accounts for scattering from a snow layer atop sea ice as well as scattering from below the snow surface. The model produces waveforms that are fit to CryoSat-2 level 1B data through a bounded trust region least squares fitting process. These fit waveforms are then used to track the air-snow interface and retrieve the surface elevation at each point along the CryoSat-2 ground track, from which the snow freeboard is computed. To validate this algorithm, we compare retrieved surface elevation measurements and snow surface radar return power levels with those from Operation IceBridge, which flew along a contemporaneous CryoSat-2 orbit in October 2011 and November 2012. Average elevation differences along the flight lines (IceBridge Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM) – CryoSat-2) are found to be 0.016 cm in 2011 and 2.58 cm in 2012. The spatial distribution of monthly average pan-Antarctic snow freeboard found using this method is similar to what was observed from NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat), where the difference between October 2011–2017 CryoSat-2 mean snow freeboard and spring 2003–2007 mean freeboard from ICESat is 1.92 cm. Our results suggest that this physical model and waveform fitting method can be used to retrieve snow freeboard from CryoSat-2, allowing for the potential to join laser and radar altimetry data records in the Antarctic. Snow-ice interface elevation retrieval is also explored as a potential to obtain snow depth measurements. However, it is found that this retrieval method often tracks a strong scattering layer within the snow layer instead of the actual snow-ice interface, leading to an overestimation of ice freeboard and an underestimation of snow depth in much of the Southern Ocean but with promising results in areas such as the East Antarctic sector.
Variaciones de lo fantástico en la tradición oral moderna. El romance del "Conde Niño"
Authors: Vázquez Recio Nieves
Published: September 2018

El artículo estudia el romance del Conde Niño en la tradición oral moderna. Este se nos presenta como una amalgama de elementos sobrenaturales, que discurren entre lo mágico, lo maravilloso y lo milagroso, lleno, por otra parte, de reminiscencias míticas y rituales, con la actualización de «mitemas», retazos de antiguos mitos. El romance permite valorar la persistencia y variaciones de lo fantástico en la oralidad del siglo XX, en relación con sus ascendientes del pasado, y debatir sobre estos conceptos tan difusos en la contemporaneidad, usando una mirada histórica.
Imprenta y tipografía en la Rusia de la Revolución
Authors: García-Garrido Sebastián
Published: September 2018

Inician las vanguardias históricas Picasso con el Cubismo, inicio de lo que se llamará modernidad, en el arte. El otro pilar de la revolución del arte es Kandinsky, como pionero y teórico del Arte Abstracto, la gran aportación rusa al arte en el siglo XX. La letra de palo seco se impuso por las vanguardias como reacción a la cultura, la imprenta y la tradición, representada por la tipografía romana. Stanley Morrison, impresor y diseñador de tipografías manifestó que la componente funcional de la letra había venido adquiriendo una componente estética en la vanguardia. La propia letra, construida junto a líneas y formas básicas, en estructuras que trascendían todas las normas de organización y del espacio establecidas, fue reflejo de la estética Futurista surgida en Italia y adoptada por el Constructivismo Ruso. Para El Lissitzky, la innovación en la imprenta depende de una modificación tecnológica, que concibe la página como espacio gráfico y su lectura como interpretación simultánea de imagen y texto. Hasta la Futura (1928) de Renner no existe tipografía de palo seco sin recortar remates a las romanas, pero aún sin el estudio de formas básicas significantes, y las leyes ópticas de la percepción de formas legibles.
El paradigma fotográfico del dibujo arquitectónico digital
Authors: Llopis-Verdú Jorge
Published: September 2018

El dibujo digital ha transformado profundamente la representación gráfica arquitectónica. Su progresiva implantación ha amplificado exponencialmente la capacidad para la ideación y manipulación de formas arquitectónicas, pero en paralelo ha transformado la propia manera de representar la arquitectura y las funciones del dibujo en este proceso. En el presente artículo se analiza una de estas transformaciones conceptuales acaecidas en los últimos años: la transferencia al ámbito gráfico de la idea de verosimilitud propia de la fotografía. Un proceso en el que el dibujo arquitectónico ha dejado de sugerir para convertirse progresivamente en una réplica exacta de la realidad; una imagen en la que se busca una sensación completa de analogía entre el objeto real y su representación, de la que el render es el ejemplo paradigmático. Un proceso que abandona las bases conceptuales tradicionales del dibujo, basadas en la interpretación del objeto, para replicar de forma exacta su imagen visual
Uitleg van het begrip overheidsorgaan van een lidstaat: enkele bespiegelingen van het arrest Farrell/Whitty
Authors: Gijzen M.
Published: September 2018

Uitleg van het begrip overheidsorgaan van een lidstaat: enkele bespiegelingen van het arrest Farrell/Whitty

In de onderhavige prejudiciële zaak heeft de Ierse rechter het Hof van Justitie verzocht om een precisering van het begrip overheidsorgaan van een lidstaat waaraan een nauwkeurig geformuleerde en onvoorwaardelijke bepaling van een richtlijn kan worden tegengeworpen. Met dit arrest borduurt het Hof van Justitie voort op zijn eerdere arrest in de zaak Foster.

HvJ 10 oktober 2017, zaak C-413/15, Farrell/Whitty e.a., ECLI:EU:C:2017:745.
Bescherming van wezenlijke nationale belangen en de aanbestedingsplicht
Authors: Essers M.J.J.M. , Louwers A.J.M.
Published: September 2018

Bescherming van wezenlijke nationale belangen en de aanbestedingsplicht

In het arrest van 20 maart 2018 inzake Europese Commissie tegen de Republiek Oostenrijk verduidelijkt het Hof van Justitie onder welke voorwaarden het lidstaten is toegestaan om af te zien van een Europese aanbesteding door zich te beroepen op de bescherming van wezenlijke nationale veiligheidsbelangen. Het Hof van Justitie overweegt dat lidstaten hierin weliswaar een beoordelingsmarge toekomt, maar dat de lidstaat die zich op deze uitzondering beroept moet kunnen aantonen dat die belangen niet anders beschermd hadden kunnen worden. Ook Nederland verkent de mogelijkheden voor verruiming van deze uitzonderingsgrond. Gelet op de groeiende publieke aandacht voor de bescherming van persoonsgegevens en nationale veiligheid, biedt deze zaak concrete aanknopingspunten om te toetsen wanneer een uitzondering op de aanbestedingsplicht wegens wezenlijke veiligheidsbelangen gerechtvaardigd is.

HvJ 20 maart 2018, zaak C-187/16, Europese Commissie/Republiek Oostenrijk (Oostenrijkse Staatsdrukkerij), ECLI:EU:C:2017:578.
Applying the Framework as a reflective tool: A teacher learner perspective
Authors: Pullman Ethan
Published: September 2018

If you teach information literacy (IL) according to the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education,1 then you have been introduced to terms like knowledge practices, dispositions, and troublesome knowledge. You may have also read several articles debating the Framework (for a quick overview, read Lane Wilkinson’s “The Problem with Threshold Concepts”).2 Regardless of where teaching librarians stand on the Framework, the discourse surrounding it doesn’t adequately address its potential as a reflective tool (as opposed to addressing student learning alone). This is ironic when considering that, at its core, the Framework’s foundation is based in “critical self-reflection, as crucial to becoming more self-directed in [a] rapidly changing ecosystem.”3
Protocolo y Derecho: juridicidad del protocolo
Authors: Sánchez González Dolores del Mar
Published: September 2018

Entre las ciencias jurídicas, el protocolo se concibe como buenas maneras, educación, código de conducta, ética, o como la ropa o los zapatos que uno debe ponerse para acudir a un acto que exige una determinada etiqueta. Como algo frívolo, sin importancia, que no atañe al común de la sociedad, propio de las clases elevadas y de los gobernantes y de la diplomacia. Por supuesto, cuando dices que eres protocolista, que eres especialista en protocolo y que te dedicas a investigar el protocolo, te preguntan "pero ¿eso es derecho?". En definitiva el protocolo es una disciplina despreciada por los juristas que la han ido dejando de lado, salvó en un sector: el diplomático. Los diplomáticos son los únicos conscientes de lo importante que es el ceremonial y el protocolo en las relaciones internacionales, y por ello los cursos de la Escuela Diplomática son referente ineludible a la hora de estudiar protocolo. Este estudio reivindica el protocolo desde su carácter de disciplina jurídica.______________________Among the legal sciences, protocol is considered to be good manners, courtesy, code of conduct, ethics, or the clothes and shoes one should wear to an event where dress code is required; something superficial, unimportant, not related to society at large, characteristic of the upper classes, rulers and diplomacy. Of course, when you say you are a protocol expert and that you do research in protocol, you will be asked “Is that law?” Ultimately, protocol is a discipline despised by jurists, who have gradually set it aside, with the exception of the diplomatic community.  Diplomats are well aware of the importance of ceremonial and protocol in the international relations, and thus the Diplomatic School courses are essential when studying protocol. This study claims the protocol as a legal discipline.
Characterization and Comparative Genomics Analysis of two Bacillus megaterium lytic bacteriophages
Authors: Sharaf Abdoallah , Obornik Miroslav , Hammad Adel , El-Afifi Sohair , Marei Eman
Published: September 2018

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies provide unique possibilities for the comprehensive assessment of the environmental diversity of bacteriophages. Several Bacillus bacteriophages have been isolated, but very few Bacillus megaterium bacteriophages have been characterized. In this study, we describe the biological characteristics, whole genome sequences, and their annotations for two new isolates of the B. megaterium bacteriophages (BM5 and BM10), which were isolated from Egyptian soil samples. Growth analyses indicated that the phages BM5 and BM10 have a shorter latent period (25 and 30 minutes respectively) and a smaller burst size (103 and 117 PFU respectively), in comparison to that which is typical for Bacillus phages. The genome sizes of the phages BM5 and BM10 were 165,031 bp and 165,213 bp, respectively, with a modular organization. Bioinformatic analyses of these genomes enabled the assignment of putative functions to 97 and 65 putative ORFs, respectively. Comparative analysis of the BM5 and BM10 genome structures, in conjunction with other B. megaterium bacteriophages, revealed relatively high levels of sequence and organizational identity. Both genomic comparisons and phylogenetic analyses support the conclusion that the sequenced phages (BM5 and BM10) belong to different sub-clusters (L5 and L7 respectively), within the L-cluster, and display different lifestyles (lysogenic and lytic respectively). Moreover, sequenced phages encode proteins associated with Bacillus pathogenesis. In addition, BM5 does not contain any tRNA sequences, whereas BM10 genome codes for 17 tRNAs.
Ferramenta didática e lúdica para intensificar o aprendizado da Língua Brasileira de Sinais
Authors: Oliveira Silva Almeida Melquisedeque
Published: September 2018

"Com uma linguagem fácil e lúdica, o livro busca tornar conhecida a Língua Brasileira de Sinais - Libras, por meio do conhecimento da sua história, da língua propriamente dita e da escrita. Tendo como base o sistema Sign Writing, contribui para o ensino prático de estudantes de diversas áreas do conhecimento e interessados, sendo eles surdos ou ouvintes."