bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Multi-Plant Symbiotic Systems in Phytoremediation: A Bibliometric Review
Authors: Song Shuang , Sheng Qianqian , Zhu Zunling , Liu Yanli
Published: August 2023

The bibliometric analysis technique was used to retrieve 232 relevant publications from the Web of Science core database published between 2002 and 2022. The basic characteristics of the literature were analyzed, and keyword co-occurrence analysis and literature co-citation analysis were performed. The results demonstrated the following: (1) The total number of publications on phytoremediation utilizing a multi-plant symbiosis system increased year by year, indicating that multi-plant symbiosis systems have garnered significant interest in the field of phytoremediation in recent years. (2) “Short rotation coppice” (#0), “straw” (#1), “heavy metal” (#2), “soil enzymes” (#3), “glomus caledonium” (#4), and “phenanthrene” (#5) comprise the research hotspots in this field both domestically and internationally, where the #0 clusters, #2 clusters, and #5 clusters indicate that the application of multi-plant combinations has not formed a new branch in the field of phytoremediation during 2007–2017. In addition, the #1 clusters, #3 clusters, and #4 clusters indicate that the safety of agricultural land, the mechanism of action of soil enzymes, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi comprise research hotspots in recent years. (3) “Heavy metal contamination” (#0), “agro-mining” (#1), “Leguminosae” (#2), “soil enzymes” (#3), “soil microbial community” (#4), and “Salix caprea” (#5) constitute the domestic and international knowledge base of this field, with a study of soil microbial communities regarded as the cutting-edge branch of this field. (4) The specific influencing factors of multi-plant symbiotic systems include plant diversity, interspecific relationships, and the gender of plant species, and the mechanisms of action include the plant–soil feedback mechanism, enhanced plant resistance mechanism, increased detoxification pathway, and plant–plant interaction mechanism. Finally, future research on phytoremediation using multi-plant symbiotic systems should focus on the following four aspects: exploring the applicable environment of multi-plant symbiotic systems as a remediation strategy; analyzing the remediation mechanism from multiple perspectives: atmosphere–plant–soil; combining physicochemical and biological technologies to improve remediation efficiency; and establishing a dynamic model to evaluate remediation effects.
FEDRak: Federated Learning-Based Symmetric Code Statement Ranking Model for Software Fault Forecasting
Authors: Alhumam Abdulaziz
Published: August 2023

Software Fault Forecasting (SFF) pertains to timely identifying sections in software projects that are prone to faults and may result in significant development expenses. Deep learning models have become widespread in software fault monitoring and management, and these models rely on the design metrics and the code pattern features for classifying the code as erroneous or safe. The proposed model works based on the collective formulation of the fault localization model, which acquires the model-specific metadata for building a global model that would perform software fault forecasting globally. The proposed model works by ranking the suspicious code blocks based on the symmetry of the semantic features of the erroneous code and the implementation code. The feature selection and scaling process is initially performed to precisely identify the features contributing to fault forecasting. The data extraction that is portrayed as the intermediate phase would assist in focusing on the code statements and ranking them based on the impact of the fault. A fine-tuned spectrum-based fault localization technique is used in ranking the statements. The FEDRak model facilitates ongoing adaptation in instances where there are adjustments in the feature contribution of data over time. The federated learning model would update the feature weights of the global model based on the weights synchronized by locally built fault forecasting approaches. FEDRak is statistically analyzed in relation to other contemporary techniques in fault localization in terms of metrics like sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F1-score, and ROC curves. The proposed model’s performances are analyzed in terms of local and global models.
Algebraic Attacks against Grendel: An Arithmetization-Oriented Primitive with the Legendre Symbol
Authors: Ni Jianqiang , Zhang Jianhui , Wang Gaoli , Li Rui , Shen Yanzhao
Published: August 2023

The rise of modern cryptographic protocols such as Zero-Knowledge proofs and secure Multi-party Computation has led to an increased demand for a new class of symmetric primitives. Unlike traditional platforms such as servers, microcontrollers, and desktop computers, these primitives are designed to be implemented in arithmetical circuits. In terms of security evaluation, arithmetization-oriented primitives are more complex compared to traditional symmetric cryptographic primitives. The arithmetization-oriented permutation Grendel employs the Legendre Symbol to increase the growth of algebraic degrees in its nonlinear layer. To analyze the security of Grendel thoroughly, it is crucial to investigate its resilience against algebraic attacks. This paper presents a preimage attack on the sponge hash function instantiated with the complete rounds of the Grendel permutation, employing algebraic methods. A technique is introduced that enables the elimination of two complete rounds of substitution permutation networks (SPN) in the sponge hash function without significant additional cost. This method can be combined with univariate root-finding techniques and Gröbner basis attacks to break the number of rounds claimed by the designers. By employing this strategy, our attack achieves a gain of two additional rounds compared to the previous state-of-the-art attack. With no compromise to its security margin, this approach deepens our understanding of the design and analysis of such cryptographic primitives.
Comparative Analysis of Arctic-Related Strategies at the National Level: Competition and Collaboration
Authors: Ma Xiaoxue , Chen Liguang , Wu Weijie , Liu Yang , Qiao Weiliang , Ma Laihao
Published: August 2023

The melting of ice creates favorable conditions for the development of the Arctic by elevating the Arctic’s geostrategic value and stoking national competition. As a result, many states, both within and beyond the Arctic region, have recently released Arctic strategies or updated existing ones, clarifying their roles, interests, priorities, and policies for Arctic international cooperation. In this study, a database is generated with a collection of Arctic strategies from 16 states, and then grounded theory is applied to code the texts in these strategy documents. Using this code, word-frequency analysis, cross-tabulation, correlation analysis, and cooperative-network analysis are implemented to explore competition and collaboration in the Arctic among these 16 states. The results indicate that Arctic states are significantly concerned with governance, economic and social development, and security and stability, while environmental protection and scientific research are given more attention by non-Arctic states. In addition, the highest value of the Pearson correlation coefficient is identified as 0.85 for collaboration and Arctic public security affairs, which indicates that collaboration on Arctic security will dominate the development of Arctic affairs in the near future.
Generation Mechanism of “Information Cocoons” of Network Users: An Evolutionary Game Approach
Authors: Zhang Xing , Cai Yongtao , Zhao Mengqiao , Zhou Yan
Published: August 2023

The extensive application of algorithm recommendation technology not only meets the information needs of network users but also leads to the emergence of “information cocoons”. On the basis of summarizing three generating mechanisms, namely, the theory of technological innovation, the theory of interest-driven, and the theory of emotional identity, this paper constructs a game model of bilateral evolution between information platforms and network users and simulates the influence path of key factors on the evolution of both parties’ main strategies. The research shows that algorithm recommendation technology is the root of “information cocoons” in the algorithm era. As the algorithm technology matures day by day, the cost of using algorithm recommendations on information platforms and the loss cost of accepting algorithm recommendations by network users are constantly decreasing, which causes the information platforms and network users’ strategy choice for algorithm recommendation to evolve from {give up and conflict} to {use and accept}, and finally leads to the long-term existence of “information cocoons”.
Distribution Characteristics of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus and Pollution Load Estimation of Sediments in Danjiangkou Reservoir, China
Authors: Pan Xiong , Cao Junqi , Lin Li , Yang Ziwei , Dong Lei , Tao Jingxiang , Li Quanhong , Liu Yuqiang , Zhang Chengyu , Huang Xuanmin
Published: August 2023

Danjiangkou Reservoir is a world-famous large artificial freshwater lake that offers water resources for the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China. In this study, the distribution of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in reservoir sediments and their pollution assessments were elucidated at different water periods. The average TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), and TOM (total organic matter) contents were 794.8 mg/kg, 807.2 mg/kg, and 8.7% in the nonflood season, respectively. When the time comes to flood season, with the large amount of nitrogen pollution inputted from peripheral nonpoint sources and phosphorus released by the accelerated exchange of water bodies, the average TN concentration increased to 1061.2 mg/kg. In addition, the average TP and TOM contents were reduced to 559.5 mg/kg and 6.3%. Nutrient pollution fluctuated between the safe and lowest level. Reservoir eutrophication risk was low. There was a certain nitrogen enrichment in the Danjiangkou Reservoir, and the flood season was the main period of nitrogen pollution input. Water exchange during flood season might accelerate organic matter degradation. Near the dam, sediment organic matter content increased significantly, reaching severe pollution levels. The results of the simulated sediment nutrient release test showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus in the reservoir would release slowly. Moreover, their annual release flux was calculated as 470.4 t and 87.9 t, respectively. It illustrated that the internal pollution of Danjiangkou Reservoir was light, and the release amount was small, so it was not the main pollution source of the reservoir at present.
Environmental Assessment of Microplastic Pollution Induced by Solid Waste Landfills in the Akmola Region (North Kazakhstan)
Authors: Salikova Natalya S. , Rodrigo-Ilarri Javier , Rodrigo-Clavero María-Elena , Urazbayeva Saltanat E. , Askarova Aniza Zh. , Magzhanov Kuandyk M.
Published: August 2023

This paper presents the outcomes derived from an environmental assessment of microplastic pollution resulting from solid waste landfills in the Akmola Region, situated in North Kazakhstan. This research represents a pioneering investigation conducted on microplastics within this specific region. This study encompasses a comprehensive examination of plastic waste disposal sites across the Akmola region, with a particular emphasis on evaluating the status of the municipal solid waste management system. To characterize the plastic content within the waste present at the landfill sites, quantitative techniques were employed. Through experimental means, the composition and fractionation of plastics within the municipal solid waste (MSW) at the landfills were determined. These data were subjected to a comparative analysis, aligning them with official statistics and previously published scientific data from both Kazakhstan and other regions globally. The methodologies employed focused on the “soft” removal of organic substances through the use of oxidants which do not damage plastics, and were tested using a water-bath therapeutic treatment. Furthermore, an analysis of soil samples taken from the landfills unveiled the ultimate retention of microplastic particles, attributed to leachate and rainwater runoff. Extracts were obtained from the subsoil samples using a density-based separation process, involving a three-step extraction followed by subsequent filtration of the resulting supernatants. In addition, the soil samples underwent examination through dry-phase particle fractional separation. The particles were meticulously enumerated and classified, and their dimensions were measured employing microscopic techniques coupled with photographic documentation. The outcomes stemming from these diverse tests will serve as fundamental input for the forthcoming numerical modeling endeavor, which aims to simulate the behavior of microplastics within both soil and water. This endeavor represents a continuation of the research project, the preliminary findings of which are expounded upon in this paper.
Accurate Numerical Modeling for 1D Open-Channel Flow with Varying Topography
Authors: Xue Zijian , Zhou Ling , Liu Deyou
Published: August 2023

In this paper, an accurate numerical model is presented for one-dimensional open-channel flows with varying topographies; the model is specifically applied to rectangular channels with variable widths. A pressure term is introduced in the shallow water momentum equation to construct a new conservation term, and the resulting non-conservation term is included in the source term to characterize the actual topography changes in the open-channel flow. Based on a Harten Lax and van Leer (HLL) Riemann solver for a homogeneous system, an upwind scheme is introduced into the model in which the flux is determined via randomly selecting a local Riemann solution state. This two-step random choice method enables the scheme to reach second-order accuracy in space. A Runge–Kutta scheme is introduced into the discretization of the source term of the system to achieve second-order accuracy. The proposed model is validated via a selection of steady and transient hydraulic problems with reference solutions. When compared with published experimental results, the predictions of the proposed model show a high degree of accuracy.
Development of ornithological tourism in the Kresna Gorge – opportunity for conservation of the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus)
Authors: Savova Adelina , Berberova Ralitza
Published: August 2023

The Kresna Gorge attracts significant scientific ornithological interest as it is situated along one of the primary bird migration routes – Via Aristotelis. In 2010, a process of reintroducing the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) began in the area, which can now be deemed a success. However, there are still various anthropogenic factors that have a negative impact on the population’s resilience. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential for developing ornithological tourism contributing to the protection of the local population of Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus).
Simultaneous TG/DTG-DSC analysis – application in ceramic artefacts
Authors: Mihaylova Katerina , Kostova Bilyana , Dimitrova Irena
Published: August 2023

The aim of this paper is to promote thermal analysis as a method for the study of archaeological ceramics. In order to achieve this goal, the nature of the thermal methods (thermal processes, types of thermal methods and their application) is described. Specific experimental measurements by simultaneous TG/DTG-DSC analysis of ceramic archaeological artifacts are also presented.
KOLABORASI DAN INOVASI PADA KLASTER LOGISTIK (STUDI KASUS KAWASAN INDUSTRI PADALARANG-BANDUNG)
Authors: Permadi Dodi , Rezza Ali Mohamad , Wibowo Lili Adi
Published: August 2023

Klaster logistik memiliki kemampuan untuk mengeksploitasi inovasi dan efisiensi eksternalitas yang terletak di wilayah yang terpisah secara geografis. kolaborasi cenderung terjadi untuk inovasi dalam produk, layanan, atau proses. Klaster logistick pada suatu suatu kawasan sangat tergantung dari kolaboarsi dan inovasi masing-masing perusahaan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap daya saing sebuah Negara. Dengan kondisi saat ini kawasan industri di Indonesia sudah memiliki karakteristik yang sama klaster logistik, sehingga memungkinkan untuk dapat melalukan kolaborasi dan inovasi. Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan proses verifikasi terhadap klaster logistik di Indonesia apakah sudah memunculkan kolaborasi dan inovasi.

Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengujian terhadap model klaster yang mempengaruhi inovasi dan kolaborasi, dengan menggunakan alat statistic smart PLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan faktor lokasi (klaster logistik) berpengaruh dengan katagori  terhadap inovasi sebesar 0.474 dan berpengaruh secara kuat variabel kolaborasi sebesar 0,758.

 

Kata Kunci: klaster logistik, inovasi, kolaborasi,.
Penerapan Manajemen Strategi dalam Meningkatkan Jumlah Mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik di Universitas XYZ
Authors: Kusuma Yudha Adi
Published: August 2023

Keberadaan mahasiswa memiliki peran kunci dalam mendukung institusi perguruan tinggi. Pembenahan institusi pergururuan tinggi perlu dilakukan untuk mempengaruhi keputusan calon mahasiswa dalam melanjutkan studinya. Perlunya manajemen strategi yang tepat dalam menggait calon mahasiswa agar berkuliah di Fakultas Teknik, Universitas XYZ. Kondisi Fakultas Teknik, Universitas XYZ yang masih baru berdiri tahun 2017 membuat jumlah mahasiswa cenderung fluktuatif setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memberikan solusi dalam menentukan manajemen strategi terbaik dalam meningkatkan jumlah calon mahasiswa. Hasil dari pengukuran regresi linier berganda menujukkan bahwa promosi, biaya perkuliahan, fasilitas pendukung, kualitas pelayanan dan jaringan alumni berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan calon mahasiswa dalam melanjutkan studi. Melalui analisis SWOT dihasilkan alternatif strategi yang terbagi menjadi strategi S-O, strategi W-O, strategi S-T dan strategi W-T.
EVALUASI STASIUN KERJA CETAK DI HOME INDUSTRY MENGGUNAKAN METODE REBA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA FISIK
Authors: Fauzy Muchammad Riza , Santoso Wahyudistira
Published: August 2023

Home Industry cetakan kue XYZ merupakan industri rumah makan yang terletak di kota Mojokerto Jawa Timur. Diketahui beberapa posisi pekerja yang tidak normal di Home Industry yaitu pada stasiun kerja cetak. Dimana terjadi Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) keluhan atau rasa sakit dibagian tertentu pada tubuh. Faktor tersebut dipengaruhi dari tempat duduk, tempat kerja yang panas, kebisingan, dan pencahayaan yang kurang. Akibatnya produktivitas kerja tidak menentu dan cenderung menurun. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) sebagai tahap akhir untuk menentukan skoring pada setiap aktivitas operator dan mengetahui tingkat keparahan yang dialami operator. Dan didapatkan skor tertinggi yaitu 9 (sembilan) atau kategori level tinggi  pada aktivitas membuat cetakan pasir dan menuangkan aluminuim cair. Lingkungan juga mempengaruhi produktivitas oleh sebab itu peneliti juga menggunakan metode Indoor Health and Comfort (IHC) untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan pada stasiun cetak. Dan mendapatkan data mulai dari Pencahayaan 60 Lux,  Suhu 44o C, dan kebisingan 87,8 dB. Dari faktor lingkungan fisik pada stasiun cetak diketahui memiliki nilai yang tidak normal.

Kata Kunci: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), Indoor Health and Comfort (IHC)
Bir Davet Biçimi Olarak Hz. İbrâhim’in Aklî Delillere Dayalı Metodu *
Authors: POLATOĞLU Enver
Published: August 2023

İlâhî mesajların sunulma biçimleri, muhatapların ikna edilmesi yönüyle büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bilginin

temel kaynakları arasında yer alan akıl, vahiy ve duyuların her biri çatıştırılmaksızın kendi doğal

mecrasında ele alındığında, muhatap kitle üzerinde pozitif anlamda büyük etkiler yarattığı bir gerçektir.

Kur’an’ın kıssalar yoluyla anlattığı pek çok mesele zengin içerikler ve derin mesajlar taşımakta,

muhatapların anlayış ve düzeylerine uygun yöntemler içermektedir. Bu zengin içeriğin esas manasının

keşfedilebilmesi için dönemin inanç yapısının, yaşam tarzının, tarihi değerlerinin ve kültürel anlayışının

bilinmesi meselenin anlaşılmasını daha kolay hale getirmektedir. Yüce Kur’an’da başta Hz. İbrâhim (a.s.)

kıssası olmak üzere pek çok konu ve meselenin anlatımında aklî düşünmeye ve tefekküre dikkat çekilmekte,

vahiy-akıl bütünselliğinin önemine işaret edilmektedir. İşte bu çalışmada En’am Sûresinin 74-83 ayetlerinde

geçtiği üzere Hz. İbrâhim’in yıldız, ay ve güneşe karşı takındığı tavırlar, toplumu dine davet etmede izlediği

yöntemler ve buna bağlı olarak yaşanan sürecin hikmet boyutu ile gerçek sebepleri üzerinde durulması

amaçlanmaktadır. Bu bakımdan doğru sonuca ulaşabilmek için Hz. İbrâhim’in içinde yaşadığı toplumun

inanç yapısı incelenerek, onun gök cisimlerine yaklaşım tarzından hareketle gerçekte Allah hakkında

şüpheye düşüp düşmediği izah edilecektir. Ayrıca meseleyi zahiri veya temsili manada anlamanın mümkün

olup olmadığı, tebliğ açısından nasıl bir değer ifade ettiği ve ismet sıfatı bağlamında ele alındığında tevhid

ilkeleriyle nasıl bir uyum içerisinde olduğu hususu üzerinde durulacaktır. Hz. İbrâhim’in küçükten büyüğe,

tümevarımsal bir yöntemle ve ikna edici bir metotla hareket etmesinin temel saiklerinden hareketle bunun

vahiyden beslenen ve tefekkür argümanlarına dayanan bilinçli bir metot olup olmadığı araştırılacak, Hz.

İbrâhim’in somut örnekler üzerinden toplum ile kurduğu iletişim ve davet dilinin önemine işaret

edilecektir.
Validity Matters in the Customer Satisfaction towards Online Purchase
Authors: Ramalakshmi M , Darling Selvi V
Published: August 2023

The primary goal of a business is to offer product and services that best serve their consumer needs. A business which fulfills the customer needs with satisfaction very well is more successful than its competitors as satisfied buyers tend to make a repetitive purchase. In this study the researcher used factor analysis tool with the help of SPSS-20 software. The data has been collected from both primary as well as secondary sources. For the purpose of collecting primary data, a detailed questionnaire was framed. Journals, books, magazines, newspapers and relevant websites constitute the secondary sources of data collection. The researcher has taken 124 members as sample who are purchasing through online in Tirunelveli city. The findings of the study is that more over the consumers satisfied with online shopping compared to offline shopping. But facing some difficulties.
Analysis of Open Access Journals in Urology: A Scientometric Sketch
Authors: Srinivasulu Munugala , Velmurugan Chandran
Published: August 2023

An open access scientific journal is a peer-reviewed publication that is available for free online, allowing users to search, read, copy, share the link, download, and print full-text research papers. Urology is a medical practice that focuses on urinary tract problems in both men and women. An urologist is a physician who specializes in the urinary system. Back in the day, doctors would examine a patient’s urine for evidence of their illness. Urology, often known as genito-urinary surgery, is a surgical and medical specialty that focuses on the male and female urinary tract organs. This paper has analyzed the urology open access journals which are available in DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals). The results reveal that DOAJ indexes 12 open access journals published by Elsevier and followed by 8 journals are published by Wolters Kluwer Medknow. The other publishers such as Hindawi Limited 5 journals, Karger Publishers 4 journals. It is found that there are 37 blind peer review journals followed by 32 double blind peer review journals and 11 peer-reviews journals respectively indexed in DOAJ database. It is discovered in the study that maximum journals (74) in Urology are without DOAJ seal and only 8 journals have got the desired DOAJ seal, which represents as a symbol of certification and high publishing standards.
Impact of Sand Running and Slow Continuous Runnings on Selected Endurance Parameters
Authors: Karthikeyan P
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study was to find out the effects of sand running and Slow continuous running on selected endurance parameters namely strength endurance and cardio respiratory endurance. To achieve this purpose of the study, forty five men students studying Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu and India were selected as subjects at random. Their age ranged between 18 to 24 years. The selected subjects were divided into three equal groups of fifteen each namely sand running group [SRG], slow continuous running group [SCRG] and control group [CG]. The experimental group I underwent sand running and group II underwent slow continuous running for three days per week for twelve weeks whereas the control group maintained their daily routine activities and no special training was given to them. The following endurance parameters namely strength endurance and cardio respiratory endurance were selected as criterion variables. The subjects of the three groups were tested on selected endurance parameters namely strength endurance and cardio respiratory endurance using standardized tests namely bend knee sit ups and Cooper’s 12 min run / walk test respectively at prior and immediately after the training period. The collected data were analyzed statistically through analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to find out the significant difference, if any among the groups. Whenever the obtained “F” ratio for adjusted posttest was found to be significant, the Scheffe’s test was applied as post hoc test to find out the paired mean difference, if any. The .05 level of confidence was fixed to test the level of significance which was considered as an appropriate. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference exist among sand running group, slow continuous running group and control group on selected endurance parameters namely strength endurance and cardio respiratory endurance. And also, it showed that sand running group and slow continuous running group showed significant improvement on strength endurance and cardio respiratory endurance when compared to control group.
Determinants of Healthcare Services of Cardiovascular Disease Patients in Coimbatore: A Logistic Regression Approach
Authors: Jacintha Maria Florence J , Sangamithra A
Published: August 2023

A healthy population, therefore, may be defined as one that safeguards the health of its members. The health of the population may be a resource for the well-being of its members. Any development process must take into account health. Cardiovascular diseases form the major component of chronic diseases and therefore contribute most to the economic impact: these strike individuals in their productive ages, need high treatment costs and result in premature deaths. Patients place importance on the caliber of services and take into account a variety of factor in the selection of hospital such as the availability of the competent specialists, the reputation of the hospital, professional management, range of services offered, availability of latest technology and equipment, cost and convenience, proximity to home, courteous behaviour of staff and professionalized care.
Effectiveness of Individual Intervention on the Level Self Esteem among Muthuvan Tribal Women in Adimali Gramapanchayath of Idukki District, Kerala
Authors: Vinod VS , Karuppaiah C , George Jiphy
Published: August 2023

India is a country that is home to a large number of tribes. These tribes are spread across the country and are a diverse lot, with each tribe having its own unique culture and language. Tribes are groups of people that share ancestry and cultural traditions. They usually live in small communities, which often cooperate to protect their land and resources from outsiders. Each tribe has its own customs and traditions, and members are usually fiercely loyal to their family, friends, and community. They speak the same language, often have similar cultures, and are often very religious. Whenever people hear the word ‘Adivasi’ or ‘tribal’, they immediately start thinking about scantily clad people living in the forests and many other mainstream misconceptions come to their mind! Rarely do people know the right facts about Adivasis and tribals. In Malayalam, the word Muthuvan means those who carry something on their back. It is said that they carried their children and belongings on their back during their migration to the Western Ghats, hence they were called Muthuvan. The Muthuvan are distributed in Idukki districts and in the adjoining Western Ghats of the Palakkad and Thrissur districts. They speak a dialect of their own. The patois is a debased form of Tamil. They speak to others either in Malayalam or Tamil. The Muthuvan have six matrilineal clans (Koottams), viz. Melaekoottam, Kana koottam, Thushanikoottam, Kanyakoottam, Elli koottam and Puthanikoottam with hierarchical order. Each koottam is again divided into six lineages. The functions of these divisions are mainly for marriage alliance, to keep up the social status and to indicate descent and ancestry. The Muthuvan are mainly a landowning community. In some areas, government has allotted agricultural land for them, but not on ownership basis. Traditionally the Muthuvans are nomadic agriculturists, hunters and trappers. Their primary cultivations are coffee, ginger, sugarcane and paddy. The Muthuvan are tribal religionists. The present day Muthuvans claims that they are Hindus. This study focused on effectiveness of individual intervention on the level self esteem among Muthuvan Tribal women in AdimaliGramapanchayath of Idukki District, Kerala.
Drawing and Physico-Chemical Analysis of the Traditional Drink Preparation Method of Coastal Fishermen of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Muthusamy Tarani , Manokaran Ayyavu Premnath
Published: August 2023

The current work is to find out the processes and parameters for making a drink called Sundakanji, which is made with fermented rice. Chemical and microbiological experiments were carried out on porridge prepared with two types of processes called D1 and D2. Nutrients such as moisture (D1-95.87m, D2-0.98m), protein (D1-1.5mm D2-0.38m), fat (D1-8.1mm D2-0.38m), and fiber (D1-1.51mm D2-1.12m) Diagnosed during the third day. Other chemical tests, such as acidity and alcohol content, were performed for ten consecutive days. At the end of the study, T1 drink was much tastier and more fragrant when tested with longer days than T2, and with a greater sense of taste.
Musical Passages Found in Classical Literature
Authors: Priya S , Ligoriya A
Published: August 2023

Music is a very soft and subtle sound that cools the ears and soothes the soul. Ancient scholars have concluded that Tamil is a musical and musical drama. Music raises a wide variety of melodies from its instruments and instruments by the magnificence of the people. The classification system is still not found in any other language. Although there is no one who does not know the nature and differences of music in general and does not like music in general. Thiruvalluvar has concocted the idea that music and musical instruments existed among the Tamils even before the Sangam literature, even though the Sangam literature is a testament to the spread of music in Tamil. One of the great epics of Sangam literature, Tolkappiyam, Silappathikaram also contains many stories about Tamil music. The music now spreads from the educated to the palmer. Thus this article suggests that the place of music in literature is enormous.
Ancient Tamil Community Showing Paan Aatruppadai Literature
Authors: Rejithkumar D
Published: August 2023

Sangam literature is a medium for expressing the life of the Sangam people. The people who lived in the Sangam era lived in poverty and luxury. This article is aimed at highlighting the Tamil community as expressed in the literature of the Paan Aatruppadai, the Sirupaanaatruppadai and the Perumpaanaatruppadai. This illustrates the importance and significance of the Paan Aatruppadai literature.The way of life of the Sangakkala people such as family, food, dress, costumes and accommodation are also explored. The occupations of the ancients such as plowing, music, wood industry, iron industry, pottery industry, salt trade and the economic status of the people are discussed. News on the biographies of artists, the majesty of the emperor, the customs of the people, and religion are explored. The social status of the Palanthamil shown by the Paann Aatruppadai has been extensively explored.
Influence of South Indian Cinema among the Undergraduates: Special Reference to Sri Lankan State Universities
Authors: Zunoomy MS , Ashfa MAF , Ahana MRF
Published: August 2023

From that day till today, cinema has been attracting people. But the days when people waited in cinemas have changed and the time has come to watch movies at home. It also poses a great challenge to today’s burgeoning youth society. As such, the study is primarily aimed at identifying the impacts among South Indian Cinema University students. This study uses the characteristic descriptive analysis methodology. The quiz for obtaining the first level data was completed by 124 graduates from the Government University of Sri Lanka and the data was obtained from previous research articles, journals and web articles for the secondary level data. The data obtained are MS. Have been analyzed using Excel software. The main findings of the study are that films contribute in part to the social discipline, knowledge development, political, social and crime discourse of university students, and in part to social cohesion The study also finds that negative comments such as inciting crime, disrupting self-esteem, and leading to family problems and divisions were also mentioned. The study also found that movies are a partial barrier for university students to be careless in university subjects so that university students can go to lectures to get better directories in university exams.
Tamil Samoogathin Pulamaiyakka Marabil Pen Eyangiyalum Iruppum
Authors: Ilakia S
Published: August 2023

Tamil language has two thousand years of classic literary and grammatical resources. The Puluvarmarapu was formed without the long-standing Arupada oral tradition of the Tamil community. Man-made literature is derived from his community. However it stands very much alive in the oral tradition. In the tradition of writing itself it evolves into power. This can be known in Puluvarmarapil. Literature, grammar and texts have appeared in the tradition of linguistic scholarship in the Tamil world of Vadavenkadam Tenkumari Aidai. Yet what is the linguistic scholarship space in which women are creative? This article explores the differences between women’s linguistic and scholarly works and their contribution to the field of linguistic scholarship, such as grammar and texts.
Islamic ‘Bakhirs’
Authors: Askar Ali M
Published: August 2023

The lives of Islamists around the world are fundamentally religious. More than that, it is subject to the rules taught by that “religious community.” In such a religious life, the duality of being centered and marginalized becomes inevitable. Thoppil Mohammad Meeran and Keeranur Jagirrajah are the creator of the myths about the marginalized community in the creative field. The lives of various marginalized people as a result of the central political attitude are portrayed as diverse in their fiction. They have written about the marginalized mantras of sex workers, homosexuals, mercenaries, brokers, thieves, drunkards, psychiatrists, beggars, etc., unfamiliar with most Islamic myths. His works also record non-seafaring fishing Islamists, Bakhirs (wanderers), Osaks (sailors), and Motinars (front-line servants in mosques). In this context, this article examines in detail how Keeranur Zakir Raja translated into literature the record of Bakhirs living a nomadic life in the Islamic community.
Professor Discourse and Learning & Teaching Principles
Authors: Shankar M
Published: August 2023

Learning is not a human-only activity. This learning process also applies to animals and birds. For this, time, place, and environment are very important. These are suitable for planned learning. The result of this learning is behavior change. This change in behavior should be positive and should not be different. Therefore, the teaching ability of the teacher depends on the students. It depends on the mood, intelligence, family environment, willingness and readiness. Did the students learn the messages taught by the teacher? To find out, trainings and exercises are conducted today. If they are not successful in them then the teacher should change his teaching activity. Thus learning and teaching can be said to include all three: student, teacher and proper lesson. The teacher stands between the student and the lesson and encourages the student’s ability to learn. Accordingly, the knowledge base of student is expanding. The teacher should also keep expanding his knowledge. We can show the proof of the text of Irayanar Kavalviyal that these three traditions have come continuously in Tamil. Interpreters come as a continuation of the tradition of learning and teaching. Grammatical and literary texts that appeared in Tamil have been a continuation of the educational tradition and have performed a teaching function. We see this situation since 11th century AD. Teaching methods can be realized in the form of explaining the meaning, in the form of pointing out formal differences and in the form of refuting the ideas of others. Therefore, everyone who appeared in Tamil can be considered as a continuation of the knowledge tradition, that is, the educational tradition. The statement of M. Y. Aurobindo will confirm this point.
Human Body thoughts Shown by Thiruvalluvar
Authors: Singharavelu K , Sasikala K
Published: August 2023

Literature has been created in various ways since the beginning of the development of human knowledge. They tell the future people about the mentality, social environment, heritage and natural resources of the people who lived in their respective times. However, Thirukkural is a book of charity that is suitable for all times and highlights the actions to be followed and the actions to be avoided in people’s lives. In this way, this article explains what the human body is made of, how to control the senses of the external organs of the body, the methods of food consumption, and the foods to be avoided.
Cultural Traditions in Kalki’s Short Story ‘Veena Bhavani’
Authors: Moovendan PS
Published: August 2023

Kalki is one of the best who achieved great achievements in Tamil literary creation and earned an immortal place in the field of Tamil literature. Just as his novels have a permanent place in history, so do his short stories. They are meant to reinforce the integrity of civilization and human virtue. Although he has created many short stories, the morals and cultural integrity of the human cultural traditions that he expresses through the short story ‘Veena Bhavani’, formed in his work, form the central subject of this article.
Kaanchi Padalam and Makatpaar Kaanchi in Purapporul Venbaamaalai
Authors: Aravind M
Published: August 2023

The origin of purapporul venbaamaalai is significant in the development of tamil grammar. This is the one and only individual book about purapporul that was written after the tholkaappiyam. Even today, puram literature is referred through tholkaappiyam and purapporul venbaamaalai. Kaanchithinai has been the focus of the study from time to time because of its impermanence in nature. The same way, the content of kaanchithinai is approached in tholkaappiyam and purapporulvenbaamaalai. Makatpaarkaanchi is one of the thurai, that is situated in such kaanchithinai. This article studies about purapporul venbaamaalai, kaanchithinai and makatpaarkaanchi in a single atraight line.
Weaving and Folklore
Authors: Rupa A
Published: August 2023

There are two types of literature that have appeared in Tamil language. They are written texts. Unwritten folklore.i.e. folk literature. Attilakyas are divided into several categories according to the period such as Sangam literature, Sangam Maruviya literature, medieval literature, devotional literature, modern literature, historical literature, small literature, barilyakya from the early period. In this way, it can be known through many studies that there are many elements of folklore in Sangam literature. This article seeks to examine the extent to which Neydhil Kali has folkloric elements in Kalim.
Hindu Culture of Batticaloa during the Anuradhapura Period
Authors: Vaman N
Published: August 2023

Batticaloa region which is situated in the East Ceylon has been a location where Hindu Culture has been prevailed for a longtime. The primitive families have been Hindus and from time to time people from various parts of India settled in various parts of Batticaloa. The objective of this study is to find out the such Hindu tradition prevailed in Btticaloa for a longtime and the nature of Hindu cultural aspects related period of Anuradhapura Era. Historical study and Descriptive methods this study has been undertaken. Inscriptions, Batticaloa historical Texts and oral traditions have been used as sources. The cultural mixture came into being through Indian settlements, ‘Thesathu kovils’ worshipping traditions, ‘Veera Saiva’ diffusions, social life and such information are being disclosed.
Saivism is the Religion in which Shiva is Worshiped as the Supreme Deity
Authors: Kathiramalai Kavitha , Balakailasanathasarma M
Published: August 2023

“Saivism is the religion in which Shiva is worshiped as the supreme deity.” Saivism is associated with Shiva and is eternal with the divine power and resources associated with nature beyond. The greatness of time has been praised by scholars, sages and religious leaders from time to time. Saivism gives the highest definition of “Exalted Shaivaism”.“Saivism is the religion in which Shiva is worshiped as the supreme deity.” Saivism is associated with Shiva and is eternal with the divine power and resources associated with nature beyond. The greatness of time has been praised by scholars, sages and religious leaders from time to time. Saivism gives the highest definition of “Exalted Shaivaism”. “We have got this body In order to worship God and gain pleasure” NallainagarArumukhanavalar, who was the originator of Saivism in Eelam, made the development of Saivism. Olavaiyar says that “rare human being” is the best born human being. Similarly Naukarasar also said that “Humanity is what we want in this state”. The ultimate goal of human life is coexistence with the Almighty. In the revolving wheel of life every human being has to achieve his own ideal. To live a good life, to live well, to live well in the soil, vegetarianism guides. Man should live with the best values to live as a human being. Saiva rituals are one of those characteristics. Rituals give fullness to a man’s life. Etiquette takes precedence in Saivism. It is the main duty of Saivas to maintain it properly. Research is the exercise of knowledge to discover truth. In this way, the kriyapadam of Shivagams are based on Shivadeetha. Among the Agamas, Moolagams like Kamikagam, Ajithagam, Vathulagam, MrigendraAgam, Karanagam and Pattadi texts like Agorasivacharya, SomasambuPattadi, etc., Elaborate on Sivadeetsha.Ditsha is the main rite and path to salvation followed by all religions. These Saiva philosophies are no exception to this, Deetsa is considered as a method of imparting penance and wisdom to the Sadhaka or disciple by the Deetsa Guru. It is understood as removing ignorance and giving truth. One cannot become a Saiva if he is born in Saivism. Saiva etiquettes in their life A true Saiva is a person who observes Saiva morals. These symbols of Shiva are worn and praised by Saivites who worship Lord Shiva. Therefore, to wear these symbols and to praise them, all those who are born as Sivarai must first receive Deetsh according to the Shivagam system.
Thirukkural’s Life Ethics
Authors: Arivazhagan Vinodhini
Published: August 2023

In the history of Tamil literature, it is most appropriate to call the ‘Pathinenkezhkanakku noolgal’ as the Sangamaruviya period as “Nyadhi or Charitable Books”. The Thirukkural, which is referred to here as the Muppal literature, is described as an Akshaya patra given by the Iradivenpas as 1330 Arumpas by Valluvar Perunthagai. The contents of literature are fundamentally constructive in terms of the individual and the society. But they strongly condemn the opposing views; Valluvar, whether it is an individual life or a society, carries forward the four things and all the aspects required by the man who lives effectively within the class. Therefore, this study is not merely analogous, but the literary treasure of Thirukkural will guide the present life as well. It is noteworthy that this study makes it clear that from any point of view, it is capable of providing a suitable course for the purpose, a suitable answer to any question that is asked, and a suitable solution to any problem that is stated. The basis for the question of the study was whether literature reflected not only the time of their origin, but also whether literatures were constructive, counterproductive, and guiding modern life. The strongest reasons for this are the things that have been said for ages, as well as the prevailing views and conceptions of Thirukkural.
'Theatre for Liberation' during the Period of IPKF in Srilanka
Authors: Thevananth Thevanayagam
Published: August 2023

The Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) was in Sri Lanka from 1987 to 1990. Later, the IPKF withdrew from Sri Lanka due to Gruella attacks, political maneuvering and pressure from the Sri Lankan government. During this period, property loss and human disasters were reported in the north and east of Sri Lanka. Because of the war between the Indian Peace Force and the LTTE; there was no public space for grammatist performances, theatre activism was stand still. In this environment, two political dramas named ‘Kalathil Kaththan’ and ‘Sathiiyai Venra Savu’ were produced and performed in more than a thousand places. It was aimed at mobilizing support for liberation among the masses. Here, Political Drama is based on political ideology drama. It usually deals with political issues and ideas. Support or oppose a particular political ideology. The LTTE in Sri Lanka was destroyed by a military operation in 2009. They were famous for documentation of Their work, but while destroying LTTE, during that time their archives were also destroyed and thus none of the artistic activities documents they had collected remained, although there were some documents in libraries and individuals which were either destroyed by them due to military threats or hidden so that they could not be taken out. At the same time, many of those who participated in the theatre activities for liberation during the LTTE era live in disguise, avoiding their artistic Identities. Therefore, it seems that the plays of this period are deeply buried in the minds of those who saw them and the artists who participated in them. Due to this, we have to rediscover the plays that are deeply buried in the mind. This study is an attempt to excavate their memories by meeting theatre creators who worked in the ‘Theatre for Liberation’ and who are currently living in isolation due to the political and military crisis. After almost 10 – 20 years, they partially recovered the dramas that were buried deep in their minds after a long discussion. The information is closely related to the social and political power structures, so discourse analysis has been analyzed using the theoretical method (Discourse Analysis) and based on the concept of liberation theatre.