bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bioprospecting Aspergillus section Nigri in Atlantic Forest soil and plant litter
Authors: Maia Tatiana Faria , Fraga Marcelo Elias
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT: The use of fungi as a source of enzymes has become widespread in various industrial and commercial areas, and Aspergillus section Nigri has significant potential for producing enzymes. The aim of this study was to isolate Aspergillus section Nigri from plant litter and soil from the Atlantic Forest biome and evaluate it with regards to hydrolytic enzyme production. The trials for producing the enzymes were carried out in Petri dishes, using different culture mediums adapted for microbial growth and with the respective substrates for inducing enzyme production - cellulase (carboxymethyl cellulose), protease (skimmed milk), amylase (soluble starch), pectinase (citrus pectin), and phytase (Pikovskaya medium). Forty-two fungi were isolated, 16.7% derived from the plant litter layer and 83.3% derived from soil at a depth of 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 10 cm. All of the isolated lineages presented amylase, protease, and phytase production, with 90.4% producing cellulase and no lineage producing pectinase. From the results, the significant potential for Atlantic Forest fungi as hydrolytic enzyme producers could be perceived. The enzymatic activity evaluations presented a satisfactory result when compared with the scientific literature.
Does the spirituality of nurses interfere in the record of spiritual suffering diagnosis?
Authors: Ienne Amanda , Fernandes Rosa Aurea Quintella , Puggina Ana Claudia
Published: November 2017

Abstract Objectives: To assess the spirituality of nurses and relate it to personal characteristics, sector of activity, and spiritual practices; to analyze the influence of spirituality of nurses in the record of a "spiritual suffering" diagnosis. Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional study, using the World Health Organization's Quality of Life Instrument-Spirituality, Religion and Personal Beliefs Module (WHOQOL-SRPB). Results: 132 nurses were included and most of them were women (81.8%), married (56.8%), with an average age of 34 years (± 6.8). Most nurses believe in God or in a superior force (99.2%) and have never recorded a "spiritual suffering" diagnosis (78.8%). There was no association of spirituality with the sector of activity; the variable "marital status" was significant in six out of the eight factors of spirituality, and the variable "willingness to talk about spirituality" was significant in seven out of the eight factors. Conclusion: The spirituality of nurses does not interfere with the recording of a "spiritual suffering" diagnosis.
A HONRA ESCOLAR: MEMÓRIA MATERIAL DA ESCOLA
Authors: Teixeira Lisley Canola Treis , Souza Luani de Liz
Published: November 2017

Resumo Este artigo trata do tema da honra e das penas aplicadas aos alunos nas escolas. No caso específico deste texto, buscou-se reconhecer pela materialidade escolar - “Livro de Honra” do Grupo Escolar Lauro Müller de Florianópolis/SC, datado de 1914 a 1972 (também denominado Livro) - a produção do sentido de honra através dos dispositivos históricos e sociais. Realizou-se uma descrição do Livro e uma interpretação do seu conteúdo, cruzando-o com outros materiais tais como jornais, a legislação educacional e documentos escolares da época. O Livro, como dispositivo, funcionava como normatizador das condutas escolares desejadas, ao mesmo tempo em que honrava aqueles cujo status social já lhes conferia “honra”.
OS FRANCISCANOS NA PARAÍBA: FORMAÇÃO RELIGIOSA, INSTRUÇÃO E LIVRARIA CONVENTUAL (SÉCULOS XVIII E XIX)
Authors: Oliveira Carla Mary S.
Published: November 2017

Resumo O artigo analisa a atuação dos frades franciscanos da Província de Santo Antônio do Brasil, no campo da Instrução intra e extramuros, com foco especial sobre a Paraíba entre os séculos XVIII e XIX. Pretende-se, por meio da documentação consultada, compreender como eram designadas as funções de mestre e lente entre os franciscanos, bem como identificar, a partir de duas Relações elaboradas pelo superior provincial em 1779 e remetidas à rainha D. Maria I, quais dentre os frades professos da província as exerciam. Analisa-se também a importância das livrarias conventuais para as atividades de docência dos franciscanos, bem como o acervo da livraria da casa paraibana, por meio de inventário elaborado pela Ordem em 1852.
LOS MUSEOS PEDAGÓGICOS UNIVERSITARIOS COMO ESPACIOS DE MEMORIA Y EDUCACIÓN
Authors: Rabazas Romero Teresa , Ramos Zamora Sara
Published: November 2017

Resumen Este artículo se encuadra en la nueva tendencia historiográfica emergente sobre el patrimonio histórico-educativo y el museismo pedagógico en España. Nuestro interés se va a centrar en los museos pedagógicos universitarios españoles como espacios que permiten reconstruir la memoria educativa colectiva y constituyen escenarios dinamizadores de aprendizaje para todo tipo de públicos. Estas instituciones han sido promovidas por investigadores e historiadores de la educación, procedentes del ámbito universitario, que han dinamizado la creación de estos espacios en las universidades donde trabajan. Concretamente en este trabajo se analiza con mayor detenimiento uno de estos museos, el Museo de Historia de la Educación Manuel Bartolomé Cossío, ubicado en la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid.
Myxobolus marajoensis sp. n. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae), parasite of the freshwater catfish Rhamdia quelen from the Brazilian Amazon region
Authors: Abrunhosa Jacqueline , Sindeaux-Neto José Ledamir , Santos Ândrea Kely dos , Hamoy Igor , Matos Edilson
Published: November 2017

Abstract This study provides morphological and molecular data of a new parasite species found in the muscle layer of the intestinal tract of the South American silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen from Marajó Island region (Pará State, Brazil), an important fishery resource with recognized potential for fish farming. The morphology of these parasites was reanalyzed and phylogenetic analyses were run on their 18S rDNA gene sequences. The spores were morphologically distinct from those of other Myxobolus species described previously. The obtained partial sequence of the 18S rDNA gene sequences of the new species were compared to those of 24 other Myxobolus and Henneguya species available in GenBank. The results of morphological and molecular analyses indicated clearly the existence of a new species, Myxobolus marajoensis sp. n.
Friction angles at sandy beaches from remote imagery
Authors: Stark N. , McNinch J. , Wadman H. , Graber H. C. , Albatal A. , Mallas P. A.
Published: November 2017

The rigour of extracting friction angles, and eventually lower-bound bearing strength, in sandy beach settings through slope angles determined from digital images (visual spectrum) is explored. Digital images of topographic sand features using hand-held cameras, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a panchromatic satellite sensor are analysed to determine average slope angles using three-dimensional reconstruction. Greyscale gradients and shadows are utilised in the satellite images to extract slope estimates. The slope angles matched tilt table results of samples from the same locations at the Duck, NC, and Claytor Lake, VA, field sites. Direct shear testing of sample material suggest friction angles of ∼33° and ∼35°, respectively. The authors test a potential pathway to derive lower-bound bearing strength using these remotely sensed slope angles. Preliminary results are encouraging, but likely sensitive to the impact of moisture content, differences between the maximum and the observed slope angle and internal friction angles.
Analysis of walking patterns in a pedestrian environment using cellular automata
Authors: Rassafi Amir Abbas , Mohajeri Fatemeh
Published: November 2017

Pedestrian urban spaces are conducive to the critical economic, environmental and social challenges pertaining to the use of predominantly motorised transport systems. Pedestrian environments (PEs) create spaces that ameliorate social attitude and safety in addition to the movement of people. Designing PEs in accordance with the pattern of pedestrian movement has the potential to more fully realise their benefits, hence the importance of studying pedestrian behaviour. In order to do so, a newly established PE located in Qazvin, Iran, was chosen. The study is based on the data collected from traffic cameras during peak hours. Through the use of a cellular automata and discrete choice models, the data were employed so as to analyse factors such as speed, gender, pedestrian position, movement direction and the presence of other pedestrians and obstacles, and their effects on the pattern of pedestrian movement. Based on the findings, the male adult pedestrians with higher walking speeds preferred to move with long steps in the middle of the PE away from the commercial areas, while the female adult pedestrians preferred to move alongside the areas adjacent to the commercial areas.
Editorial
Authors: Venter Francois
Published: November 2017

This special volume contains contributions emanating from a colloquium held in Johannesburg on 16 November 2002 by the FACULTY OF LAW of POTCHEFSTROOM UNIVERSITY FOR CHE in collaboration with the KONRAD-ADENAUER-STIFTUNG. The theme of the colloquium was "political, socio-economic and cultural issues in constitutional adjudication". External evaluators did not review the contributions and as a result the editors of PER are not responsible for any shortcomings which might be present.
The Montessori Experiment in Rhode Island (1913-1940): Tracing Theory to Implementation over Twenty-Five Years
Authors: Zoll Susan
Published: November 2017

This article highlights archived documents pertaining to a 25-year experimental classroom implemented by Clara Craig, then supervisor of training at the Rhode Island Normal School. Craig is notable as she was the only participant in the first International Montessori Training Course in Rome, Italy, in 1913, to gain approval from the Rhode Island Board of Education to study the Montessori Method. Her administrative position at the Rhode Island Normal School provided her with a rare opportunity to influence both teacher preparation and classroom curriculum upon her return. The article traces implementation of the Montessori Method and its Americanized revision, serving as one of the earliest longitudinal examples (1913–1940) of a state-sanctioned Montessori classroom, well beyond the acknowledged first-wave era (1911–1917). Craig’s experience provides a historical perspective that can inform current Montessori initiatives working within complex education and policy contexts.
On being and becoming a jazz musician: Perceptions of young Scottish musicians
Authors: Black Pauline
Published: November 2017

This paper examines what goes on in an improvising jazz combo in a secondary school in Scotland, where teaching follows Rogoff's three-stage sociocultural process, moving from an initial apprenticeship model through one of guided participation to one of participatory appropriation.
Using a case study research design and interpretative phenomenological analysis, and drawing on sociocultural perspectives, the music-making and participation of three participants is discussed and presented through narrative account. Three key themes emerged as perceived benefits: (1) personal
effects, (2) social effects; and (3) jazz effects. The development of confidence was seen as the main outcome of learning in the jazz combo. This study suggests that learning in an active participatory jazz combo with pedagogy more appropriate to an informal learning style may help to foster
the development of learner voice and help enable a creative disposition, in line with the philosophy of Scotland's Curriculum for Excellence (CfE).
The impact of making music on aural perception and language skills: A research synthesis
Authors: Hallam Susan
Published: November 2017

This paper provides a synthesis of research on the relationship between music and language, drawing on evidence from neuroscience, psychology, sociology and education. It sets out why it has become necessary to justify the role of music in the school curriculum and summarizes the different
methodologies adopted by researchers in the field. It considers research exploring the way that music and language are processed, including differences and commonalities; addresses the relative importance of genetics versus length of time committed to, and spent, making music; discusses theories
of modularity and sensitive periods; sets out the OPERA hypothesis; critically evaluates research comparing musicians with non-musicians; and presents detailed accounts of intervention studies with children and those from deprived backgrounds, taking account of the importance of the nature
of the musical training. It concludes that making music has a major impact on the development of language skills.
Mapping trends and framing issues in higher music education: Changing minds/changing practices
Authors: Minors Helen Julia , Burnard Pamela , Wiffen Charles , Shihabi Zaina , van der Walt J. Simon
Published: November 2017

This article presents five case studies from within music in higher education programmes that collectively explore key questions concerning how we look at the challenges and trends, and the need for change to react to the recent higher education (HE) climate, through reference to teaching
musicians the skills, knowledge and diverse career creativities that are valued in preparing musicians to enter sustained careers. In this article, the National Association for Music in Higher Education (NAMHE) elected committee members explore the emerging issues and agendas within the context
of higher education, and the national and international policy shifts that are occurring. The case studies explore: (1) an inclusive curriculum and undergraduate student partner project; (2) employability skills and postgraduate courses; (3) digital creativities; (4) music career creativities
and gender; and (5) an integrated student experience.
Community music as a vehicle for tackling mental health-related stigma
Authors: Rodgers Debra
Published: November 2017

This paper seeks to highlight some of the key issues of the social stigma associated with mental health-related issues, to present examples of some existing anti-stigma concepts found within mental health literature and, in turn, to begin to suggest ways in which the personal and social
experience of participation within community music activities may provide a means of challenging and resisting such stigma. The research involved a literature review of existing theoretical concepts surrounding mental health stigma interventions and sought to link such concepts with examples
from community music and music sociology, examining concepts such as identity construction, removal and refurbishment activities and tachytopian experiences. The work of the Me2/Orchestra (Vermont, USA) is presented as a case study, with use of some supporting preliminary interview data. While
hypothetical in nature at present, the article discusses the potential of community music for addressing and erasing mental health stigma.
On the Seismic Design of Structures with Tilting Located within a Seismic Region
Authors: Valenzuela-Beltrán Federico , Ruiz Sonia E. , Reyes-Salazar Alfredo , Gaxiola-Camacho J. Ramón
Published: November 2017

A reliability-based criterion to estimate strength amplification factors for buildings with asymmetric yielding located within a seismic region presenting different soil conditions is proposed and applied. The approach involves the calculation of the mean annual rate of exceedance of structural demands of systems with different levels of asymmetric yielding. Two simplified mathematical expressions are developed considering different soil conditions of the valley of Mexico. The mathematical expressions depend on the ductility of the structural systems, their level of asymmetric yielding, their fundamental vibration period and the dominant period of the soil. In addition, the proposed expressions are compared with that recommended by the current Mexico City Building Code (MCBC). Since the expressions are developed with the help of simplified structural systems, the validity of such expressions is corroborated by comparing the expected ductility demand of multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) structural systems with respect to that of their equivalent simplified systems. Both structural representations are associated with a given annual rate of exceedance value of an engineering demand parameter. The expressions proposed in this study will be incorporated in the new version of the MCBC.
Serum Fructosamine: A Simple and Inexpensive Test for Assessing Preoperative Glycemic Control
Authors: Shohat Noam , Tarabichi Majd , Tischler Eric H. , Jabbour Serge , Parvizi Javad
Published: November 2017

Background:

Although the medical community acknowledges the importance of preoperative glycemic control, the literature is inconclusive and the proper metric for assessment of glycemic control remains unclear. Serum fructosamine reflects the mean glycemic control in a shorter time period compared with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Our aim was to examine its role in predicting adverse outcomes following total joint arthroplasty.

Methods:

Between 2012 and 2013, we screened all patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty preoperatively using serum HbA1c, fructosamine, and blood glucose levels. On the basis of the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association, 7% was chosen as the cutoff for HbA1c being indicative of poor glycemic control. This threshold correlated with a fructosamine level of 292 μmol/L. All patients were followed and total joint arthroplasty complications were evaluated. We were particularly interested in retrieving details on surgical-site infection (superficial and deep). Patients with fructosamine levels of ≥292 μmol/L were compared with those with fructosamine levels of <292 μmol/L. Complications were evaluated in a univariate analysis followed by a stepwise logistic regression analysis.

Results:

A total of 829 patients undergoing primary total joint arthroplasty were included in the present study. There were 119 patients (14.4%) with a history of diabetes and 308 patients (37.2%) with HbA1c levels in the prediabetic range. Overall, 51 patients had fructosamine levels of ≥292 μmol/L. Twenty patients (39.2%) had a fructosamine level of ≥292 μmol/L but did not have an HbA1c level of ≥7%. Patients with fructosamine levels of ≥292 μmol/L had a significantly higher risk for deep infection (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 6.2 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.6 to 24.0]; p = 0.009), readmission (adjusted OR, 3.0 [95% CI, 1.1 to 8.1]; p = 0.03), and reoperation (adjusted OR, 3.4 [95% CI, 1.2 to 9.2]; p = 0.02). In the current study with the given sample size, HbA1c levels of ≥7% failed to show any significant correlation with deep infection (p = 0.14), readmission (p = 1.0), or reoperation (p = 0.7).

Conclusions:

Serum fructosamine is a simple and inexpensive test that appears to be a good predictor of adverse outcome in patients with known diabetes and those with unrecognized diabetes or hyperglycemia. Our findings suggest that fructosamine can serve as an alternative to HbA1c in the setting of preoperative glycemic assessment.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Myocardial Cobalt Levels Are Elevated in the Setting of Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Wyles Cody C. , Wright T. Carson , Bois Melanie C. , Amin Md. Shahrier , Fayyaz Ahmed , Jenkins Sarah M. , Wyles Saranya P. , Day Patrick L. , Murray David L. , Trousdale Robert T. , Anavekar Nandan S. , Edwards William D. , Maleszewski Joseph J.
Published: November 2017

Background:

Arthroplasty implants commonly contain elemental metal that may undergo wear-related release. Recently, cases of hip implant-associated myocardial injury have been reported. However, we are not aware of any previous study that has systematically measured myocardial metal levels or examined the relationship with total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods:

Archives of our institution were queried for autopsies of individuals who had undergone THA between 1990 and 2013. Myocardial tissue samples were analyzed for cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) levels with inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Seventy-five Co/Cr-on-polyethylene THA cases were included (mean age at time of death = 77.4 years; 49% women) as were 73 non-arthroplasty controls matched for age, sex, and history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Results:

Significantly higher median myocardial concentrations of Co were observed in individuals with THA compared with controls (0.12 versus 0.06 μg/g, p < 0.0001). The median Co concentration was 69% higher in patients who had undergone THA revision (0.169 μg/g) than in those who underwent primary THA (0.100 μg/g; p = 0.004). In general, higher Co levels were observed in those with multiple replaced joints, although this finding only trended toward significance. Cardiomegaly, interstitial fibrosis, and decreased ejection fraction were observed more frequently in the postmortem samples of patients with implants than in those of controls (p = 0.0002, 0.044, and 0.0039, respectively).

Conclusions:

We believe this to be the first study to quantify metal levels in cardiac tissue in patients with and without joint replacement. The elevated Co levels, in concert with cardiomegaly and increased interstitial fibrosis found during autopsy, in the arthroplasty cohort are novel, important findings. Although Co levels were significantly elevated above those in controls, the majority were below those seen in clinical case reports of death from Co cardiotoxicity associated with metal-on-metal prostheses.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Keragaman Sumber Daya Genetik Kacang Tunggak
Authors: Trustinah Trustinah , Kasno Astanto , Mejaya Made J.
Published: November 2017

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) is more tolerant to drought and acid soil, compared to the other leguminous crops. A total of 150 cowpea germplasm accessions were grown at Muneng Research Station (Probolinggo) during dry seasson of 2014, using a randomized block design, with two replications. Each accession was planted in two rows, of 4 m. Among the total accessions they varied in qualitative and quantitative traits. Most of the accession had ovate leaf shape, purple flower color, cream color of mature pod, and brown to yellowish grain color. Grain yield had a high phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation. Low phenotipic and genotypic coefficient of variation was shown on days to 50% flowering and days to physiological maturing. Of the eight variables characterizing the cowpea accessions 64.2% could be explained by three factors. The first factor related to grain yield components (number of fertile nodes, number of branches, and grain weight), second factor associated with crop cycles (date of flowering and harvesting), and the third factor associated with the supporting factors (plant height, pod length, and number of grains per pod). The cowpea germplasm could be divided into three groups. Date of flowering and pod maturing were a determinant variable discriminant function. Group I consisted of 70 accessions, dominated by accessions with early maturing, medium plant height, long pod, high number of grains per pod and high grain yield. Group II consisted of 47 accessions with medium pod maturing, short plants, short pod, low number of grains per pod and low grain yield. Group III consisted of 33 accessions, characterized by medium maturing, high plant, short pod, high number of grains per pod and high grain yield. Accessions of cowpea in group I and III have a high yield and are prospective for further utilization.
Daya Gabung Inbrida Jagung Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan dan Nitrogen Rendah pada Pembentukan Varietas Hibrida
Authors: Efendi Roy , M. Andi Takdir , Azrai Muhammad
Published: November 2017

Low maize grain yield due to drought and low N stresses maybe overcome by growing tolerance hybrid maize varieties. The objectives of this research were to analyze the combining ability of eight inbred lines possessing those traits and indentify suitable parental inbred lines which can be used to develop single cross hybrid tolerant to drought and low nitrogen. Eight inbred lines were crossed using complete diallel cross design of Griffing’s- I on Februry to June, 2014. Those inbred lines were 1044-30, DTPYC9-F46-3-9-1-1-B (for drought tolerance), MR 14 (medium drought tolerance), G20133077 (tolerant to low N), CY 11, CLRCY039 (medium tolerant to low N), and CY12 and G2013631 (for drought and low N sensitive). Fifty-six experimental hybrids derived from diallel crosses, eight inbred lines and four commercial hybrid varieties as checks were evaluated under managed drought, low dosage of N fertilization and under optimum condition, during the dry season (July to October) of 2014. Randomized complete block design three replications was used in each different stress condition. The results showed that CY 11, G2013631, and MR 14 inbred lines possesed good general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield under drought, low N, and optimum conditions. These inbred lines also showed good GCA for the secondary traits such as large stem, delayed leaf rolling and late leaf senescence to support for high grain yield under drought stress and low N condition. Inbred lines of drought and low N sensitive such as G2013631, but had high GCA, could be used as parent to develop drought and low N tolerance hybrids if crossed with inbred lines having medium-tolerant to drought or tolerant to low N, such as G20133077, which had low DGU, or CY11 which had high GCA. Hybrid maize tolerant to drought and tolerant to low N, such as CY11 x G20133077, G20133077 x G2013631, and CY 11 x G2013631, produced significantly higher grain yield, over 8 t/ha, under drought and under low N, as compared with hybrid varieties Bima 3 and Bisi 2, which yielded 5.91 and 6.59 t/ha under drought, and 6.82 and 7.01 t/ha under low N condition. Grain yields under optimum condition were positively correlated with those under both drought and low N conditions. The result suggests that it is possible for improving grain yield of hybrid maize, simultaneously for optimum, drought stress and low N conditions.
Evaluasi Stabilitas Hasil Jagung Hibrida Menggunakan Metode Genotype and Genotype by Environment Interaction Biplot (GGE BIPLOT)
Authors: Priyanto Slamet Bambang , Efendi Roy , Z. Bunyamin , Azrai M. , Syakir M.
Published: November 2017

Visualization of GGE biplot analyses was able to explain the genotype by environment interaction. This research was aimed to determine the yield stability of promising experimental maize hybrids in eight locations based GGE biplot method. Ten promising experimental maize hybrids and two commercial hybrid varieties as check, namely: HBSTK01, HBSTK03, HBSTK05, HBSTK06, HBSTK07, HBSTK08, HBSTK09, HBSTK10, HBSTK11, HBSTK13 and Bima 16 and Pertiwi 3 were evaluated in eight locations, ie. Bangka (Bangka Belitung), Probolinggo (East Java), Minahasa Utara (North Sulawesi), Donggala (Central Sulawesi), Soppeng, South Sulawesi, Gowa (South Sulawesi, Konawe (Southeast Sulawesi)and Lombok Barat (West Nusa Tenggara) from May to October 2013. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Variable measured was grain yield. Analysis of variance was performed for data from each study site, to determine the performance of each genotype at each location. Yield stability analysis was performed by GGE biplot method using PB tools software. Results showed that genotype H9 (HBSTK11) had the highest biological stability with grain yield of 10.37 t/ha, higer than the overall mean yield. The best hybrid with the highest yield and good stability was hybrid H6 (HBSTK08) of 11.08 t/ha. This experimental hybrid is considered potential to be released as new hybrid variety. North Minahasa is considered the most suitable location for testing, whereas Konawe and West Lombok are least suitable, compared with the other locations.
Deteksi Virus Tungro pada Gulma Padi Sawah Menggunakan Teknik PCR
Authors: Ladja Fausiah T. , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti , Damayanti Tri Asmira , Rauf Aunu
Published: November 2017

Virus tungro disease is a serious problem to rice crop in a certain area of rice production in Indonesia. The disease is caused by a combined infection of Rice Tungro Bacilliform Virus (RTBV) and Rice Tungro Spherical Virus (RTSV). Both viruses were reported to infect ratoon rice plants, weeds, and wild rice. The study was conducted to detect RTBV and RTSV on some weeds. Weed samples were collected from rice fields in West Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, Papua, and West Sumatera. The detection of RTBV and RTSV were carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Reverse Transcription (RT) – PCR, employing coat protein gene specific primers. RTBV specific DNA fragment of ~1400 bp size was successfully amplified from various weed species including: F. miliacea, C. iria, M. vaginalis, L. adscendens, S. zeylanica, D. sanguinalis, and E. crusgalli. RTSV specific DNA fragment of ~787 bp size was successfully amplified from weed species of F. miliacea, L. octovalvis, and D. sanguinalis. RTBV or RTSV specific DNA fragment was not amplified from L. flava and P. distichum. Weed samples infected by both viruses did not show any tungro symptom. Virus detection based on molecular technique was able to determine the status of weed whether it is as an alternate host of viruses. Weeds sanitation prior to rice planting, therefore, should be considered as an integral part of virus disease management.
Preferensi Petani terhadap Jagung Hibrida Berdasarkan Karakter Agronomik, Produktivitas, dan Keuntungan Usahatani
Authors: Biba M. Arsyad
Published: November 2017

Some hybrid maize varieties had been adopted by farmers, but farmers responded differently toward each variety. The objective of the present study was to know the farmers’ responses to hybrid variety based on agronomic characters, productivity, and income among four hybrid maize, namely N-35, BISI-2, BIMA-3, and SHS-11 variety. The research was conducted in Takalar regency, South Sulawesi from March to November 2014. Sampling method was purposive, the number of respondents were 60 farmers. Information were derived from primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through survey and interview using structured questionaires. Technical analysis using R/C ratio was presented on tables then discussed in a descriptive-qualitative. Results showed that farmers planted BIMA-3 variety were able to obtain yield of 9.5 t/ha at 16% of moisture content, gaining the highest profit of Rp 15,875,000/ha. The superiority of BIMA-3 were its germination was better, the seed cost was cheaper, resistant to downey-mildew and stemborer, tolerant to drought stress, produced higher yields and its biomass stayed green, so that it was suitable for animal feeding. Variety N-35, BISI-2, and SHS-11 were not resistant to downey-mildew disease, the yields ranged from 6.9 t/ha to 7.9 t/ha, and their biomass were not stayed green. The highest R/C ratio was obtained from BIMA-3 (2.71), followed by BISI-2 (2.61), N-35 (2.53), SHS-11 (2.44) and OPVs (2.33). B/C Ratio of BIMA-3 was (1.71), BISI-2 (1.61), N-35 (1.53), SHS-11 (1.44), OPVs (1.33), and MBCR of BIMA-3 (2.13), BISI-2 (2.04), N-35 (1.86), and SHS-11(1.64). Therefore, BIMA-3 hybrid variety could be recommended for maize farming in South Sulawesi.
Virulence of Brown Planthopper and Development of Core Collection of the Pest
Authors: Chaerani Chaerani , Damayanti Diani , Trisnaningsih Trisnaningsih , Yuriyah Siti , Kusumanegara Kusumawaty , Dadang Ahmad , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Bahagiawati Bahagiawati
Published: November 2017

Brown planthopper is the most important rice pest in Indonesia. Its high adaptability to feed and reproduce on previously introduced resistant varieties to form more virulent population often causes BPH outbreak and hopperburn that lead to total crop yield loss. Rice breeding for resistant to BPH requires information on the current status of BPH virulences in the fields to anticipate the virulence adaptation on new varieties. The objectives of this study were to investigate the degree of virulence of BPH populations and to cluster the BPH virulence to form BPH core collection. Thirteen BPH populations collected from paddy fields in six provinces (Banten, West Java, Central Java, East Java, South Kalimantan, and South Sulawesi) in 2011 and 2013 were tested on 10 differential rice varieties and seven host varieties of BPH populations, using the standard seedbox screening technique. Based on resistance reaction of four differential varieties (TN1, Mudgo, ASD7, and Rathu Heenathi), most BPH populations were identified as more virulent than biotype 4 (T1, Banten, PG, West Java; BY, East Java; B2 and B3, South Kalimantan; X1 and X3, South Sulawesi), four populations were biotype 4 (JWDL, Central Java; SD, East Java; X2 and X4, South Sulawesi), and one population each was biotype 3 (T2, Banten) and biotype 2 (S1, West Java). Populations X1 and B3 showed broad virulences to all varieties, whereas T2 was the least virulent. BPH field’s population had evolved into more virulence than biotype 4. Genotype resistance screening should use the BPH of this virulence population. Five BPH clusters which were further divided into 10 subclusters representing differential virulence toward 10 differential varieties were present in the tested BPH. Each virulence cluster was characterized by its ability to overcome four to eight single or double resistant genes. This BPH virulence core collection can be used in the characterization studies of candidate for resistant varieties or to form near-isogenic lines, or to study the insect and rice plant interaction.
Evaluasi Galur Kedelai Transgenik Toleran Aluminium pada Fasilitas Uji Terbatas
Authors: Pardal Saptowo J. , Suharsono Suharsono
Published: November 2017

Some acid soil is potential for the agricultural development. Constraints for soybean production in the acid soils are Aluminum toxicity and macro nutrient deficiencies. Breeding for soybean varieties tolerant to acid soil is needed. This could be made through genetic engineering, by inserting acid tolerance genes into a soybean genome. Thirty one soybean lines (T0) had been obtained by insertion of Al tolerance genes (MaMt2) through an Agrobacterium mediated transformation, which nine of them contained MaMt2 gene based on PCR test. Further evaluation of those lines was carried out in the Biosafety Containment, where four T1 soybean lines were carrying MaMt2 gene, namely line GM2, GM5, GM10 and GM14. The study was aimed to evaluate the degree of tolerance of T2 generation of GM2, GM5, GM10 and GM14 lines to Al toxicity. Results showed that T2 line were able to grow in hygromicin media, indicating that those T2 lines were containing hygromicin resistant gene (hptII). Phenotypic analysis of T2 lines in four acid soil media treatments indicated that all lines could survive and grow on acid soil without liming and adding compost. GM2 line grew best on the acid medium than did other lines.
AFATINIB IN THE TREATMENT OF METASTATIC AND LOCALLY ADVANCED LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA WITH EGFR MUTATIONS: NEW SIDES STUDIED POSSIBILITIES
Authors: Karabina E. V. , Lubchenko L. N. , Davydov M. M.
Published: November 2017

A reasonable strategy for drug therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer  (NSCLC) with activating mutations of EGFR is the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in front-line therapy, providing a two-fold increase in life expectancy for patients with metastatic or locally advanced form of the disease. The results of several randomized trials determined and proved the role of Afatinib, the selective irreversible inhibitor of protein kinase receptors of the ErbB family, which  consists in the following positions: a verifiable increase in progression-free period (PFP) as front-line metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC as compared to chemotherapy, regardless of the EGFR gene mutation type; the advantage in respect of overall survival (OS) as front-line therapy with frequent EGFR gene mutation in NSCLC, with Del19 in particular (OS increase by more than 1 year in comparison with chemotherapy); the advantage in progression-free survival (PFS), treatment  time duration (TTD) as well as in objective response rate (ORR) in comparison with Gefitinib against metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC; therapeutic efficacy against brain metastasis and many rare mutations; dose adjustment of Afinitib with a view of its tolerability is an effective measure to decrease the drug-induced toxicity rate without affecting its therapeutic efficacy. This article also presents the results of clinical and economic research of the response and benefit of comparable drugs (Afatinib, Gefitinib and Erlotinib) for treatment of patients with NSCLC in the Russian Federation and the results of minor studies demonstrating the new opportunities of Afinitib and its combinations with other «partners». In particular, the efficiency of Afinitib use in the treatment of patients with HER2-mutated lung cancer is provided. In addition, the safety and efficacy of combinations of Afatinib + Bevacizumab and Afatinib + Cetuximab after the formation of acquired resistance to TKI is also noted, which can be used as a therapeutic option in case of Т790М mutation. Current controversial issues concerning the effectiveness of this drug with the new and other rare mutations, the allegedly incomplete cross-resistance against the previous two drugs of this group, lack of information about the therapeutic benefit of Afinitib in case of discordancy of the primary tumor and its metastasis call for further clinical research studies and refinement of diagnostic tests and systems.
3D meshless FEM-BEM model for prediction of sound fields in cabins due to external sound disturbances
Authors: Liu Yanshan , Zeng Xiangyang , Wang Haitao
Published: November 2017

The Finite Element Method (FEM) and Boundary Element Method (BEM) are widely applied to predict the sound pressure level (SPL) in enclosed spaces for low frequency problems. However, a single method usually cannot fulfill the task for predicting the internal SPL in enclosures including objects in the interior due to external disturbances. Moreover, these methods have some disadvantages such as complex pre-processing, time-consuming and inevitable pollution effects. Based on these drawbacks, this paper attempts to combine the Meshless Method (MM), acoustical FEM and BEM into a hybrid method which can be applied to predict the SPL in an enclosed environment with external sound sources. Firstly, the hybrid theory for the acoustic problem and its implementation are illustrated. Next, numerical simulations and experiments are conducted to validate the peak value, SPL and computing efficiency using this method. Comparative results obtained from the proposed method, FEM and BEM using SYSNOISE are shown to be in agreement, and the proposed method is more efficient. Experimental results show that the average relative error of SPL in each location is less than 5.26 %. It is corroborated that the proposed method is applicable to the prediction of the internal SPL with the case of exterior sound sources existed.
Detection and removal of harmonic components in operational modal analysis
Authors: Xia Zunping , Wang Tong , Zhang Lingmi
Published: November 2017

Operational modal analysis (OMA) has been utilized to extract structural dynamic characteristics by only using the output responses. In many cases of OMA, the problem of harmonic components, which is caused by periodic excitation components to the structure, may occur, and may lead to erroneous modal identification. In this paper, an optimized harmonic indicator function named the enhanced spectral kurtosis (ESK) is proposed to improve the effectiveness of the harmonic components detection. Moreover, a new algorithm based on virtual excitation assumption is presented to remove the harmonic components in modal parameters estimation. Finally, the quality of the proposed method is compared with that of the conventional method using a numerical simulation and a practical experiment.
Optimization of unequal-active-and-passive-area piezoelectric unimorph cantilevers with collisions for ultra-thin keyboard design
Authors: Smith Shana , Chao Chang-Kai , Juang Jia-Yang
Published: November 2017

The purpose of this study is to optimize the design of piezoelectric unimorph cantilevers, for ultra-thin keyboard design, so that the first resonant frequency is located in the sensitive frequency range and the first resonant amplitude is above the perception threshold of human hands for vibratory stimulus. The piezoelectric unimorphs used in this study have unequal active and passive areas. Simulations and experiments were first compared to find the effects of the dimensions on the first resonant frequency and displacement frequency response without collisions. A finite element model with collisions based on the verified boundary conditions was then built. Both the experiment data and simulation data was combined to build a regression model to predict the first resonant frequency with collisions for ultra-thin keyboard design. This study can help designers quickly design a vibrotactile device, in the early design stage.
Research on dynamic behaviors of wheel loaders with different layout of hydropneumatic suspension
Authors: Li Xuefei , Lv Weidong , Zhang Wei , Zhao Huanyu
Published: November 2017

The traditional wheel loader is built without any axle suspension and experiences severe vibration. Three different layouts of hydropneumatic suspension, namely, unconnected strut (UCS), interconnected in roll plane (IC-R) and interconnected in roll and pitch plane (IC-RP), are installed on the wheel loader to improve ride comfort. This study mainly focuses on the damping effect of different layouts of suspensions and investigates whether the suspensions will affect the driving and operation stability of the wheel loader. The multibody model of the wheel loader with hydropneumatic suspension is developed by RecurDyn in co-simulation with MATLAB/Simulink. Detailed analysis was performed as the wheel loader was traveling on a C-class road, turning on a flat road, and scooping and unloading crushed rocks. Results showed that (1) the three layouts of suspensions can greatly reduce the vector sum of weighted acceleration; (2) the UCS suspension affects both the driving and operation stability of the wheel loader, and the IC-R suspension affects the operation stability when the wheel loader scoops and unloads crushed rocks, (3) the IC-RP suspension with anti-roll and anti-pitch functions has little effect on the driving and operation stability of the wheel loader.
Evaluation and numerical simulation of soil type effects on seismic soil-structure interaction response of RC structures
Authors: Zafarkhah Elyar , Raissi Dehkordi Morteza
Published: November 2017

The present study is aimed at determining the effect of variability in soil type and structure height on soil-structure system responses. In order to explore this innovative idea, a wide range of soil types and structure heights are assumed, and the responses are analyzed with respect to changes in soil type and structure height. It is intended to address the three-fold problem of determining under what circumstances soil-structure interaction (SSI) exerts significant effects on the results, on what condition it could be ignored, and whether taking account of SSI leads to conservative results. To verify the numerical models, the results are compared with those derived from the NEHRP method. Five planar concrete frames are examined under the action of thirty earthquake records. Seven types of soil are considered. For modeling the soil-structure system, the direct method is employed. The plastic behavior of the soil is formulated based on the multi-surface (nested surfaces) concept; the yield surfaces of sand are of the Drucker-Prager type, and those of clay are of the Von Mises type. The exact Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) is adopted for analyzing the soil-structure system. The results indicate that, for sandy soils, the SSI impact is greater for looser sub-soils. For clayey soils, the medium clay has the most powerful SSI effect. For low and medium rise buildings, the SSI effect is more profound as the structure becomes taller, but for high rise buildings, the SSI effect wears off with increasing height.
Fuzzy iterative PID-type control of vortex induced vibration suppression
Authors: Shaharuddin N. M. R. , Mat Darus I. Z. , Mohd Samin P. , Wahid M. A.
Published: November 2017

This paper presents the application of Fuzzy Iterative PID-Type controller in suppressing the vortex induced vibration of a flexibly mounted cylindrical pipe. A pair of input and output data, which are the water flow speed and vibration amplitude, respectively have been measured through experimental work in generating a linear autoregressive with exogenous input, ARX model. Recursive least square was utilized in determining the appropriate parameters of stated model. It was found that the 2nd model order had fulfilled the selection requirements, which include lowest mean squared error, stable transfer function and biased correlation of error. Fuzzy Iterative PID and PD controllers have been developed and tested within MATLAB Simulink interface for the control purpose of the developed ARX model. It was found that the Fuzzy Iterative PD controller had remarkably attenuated the vibration up to 66.67 dB and tends to converge faster which gives good implication to the vibrating system.
Centrifuge experiment and numerical study on the dynamic response of air-backed plate to underwater explosion
Authors: Wu Jianyu , Long Yuan , Zhong Mingshou , Song Ge , Hu Jing
Published: November 2017

This work compares experimental and numerical results concerning the elastic dynamic response of air-backed plate to underwater explosion. Experiments were performed in a centrifuge, both the shock loadings and structure responses were tested, and the bubble oscillation considering centrifugal force was predicted with Geer and Hunter model. The experimental and numerical results illustrates that the centrifugal force have no effect on shockwave for the short duration of action, and with the increase of centrifugal force, the bubble pulse motion cycle, maximum bubble radius, and peak pressure of bubble pulse decreased; both the peak of high-frequency and low-frequency response of the plate decline slightly when alpha damping rising ,the high-frequency response mode almost have no change with different alpha damping ,while, the low-frequency response tends to be an obvious oscillation waveform when the alpha damping is too low; although the difference of the peak acceleration owing to shock wave and bubble reaches to tens of times, the strain responses caused by the two factors are very close, which enucleates that the train response is related to shock energy and has a higher sensitivity to time accumulation; both the peak acceleration and peak strain due to the shock wave remain steady and the two kinds of response by bubble pulse decrease with the centrifugal force increasing; when the target position is more close to the area that the shock wave vertically impact ,the linear correlation between peak velocity and shock factor is much better. Key words: underwater explosion; centrifugal effect; FEM.