bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Did the Ukraine War Change Putin's "Turn to the East"?
Authors: Rozman Gilbert
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Expectations that the Ukraine war would revitalize Vladimir Putin's "Turn to the East" were not realized. He had sought to link Ukraine and Taiwan in a struggle for a new order. If Xi Jinping's "Beijing straddle" countered the Washington-led international order, it mostly complied with Western sanctions. Russia had claimed to be the coequal driver of the reordering of the East, but a war presumed to raise its stature in China had the opposite effect. The "Turn to the East" shifted further to a "turn toward China," and Xi determines the timing of the East-West confrontation. The war, coupled with anger over the victory of Yoon Suk-yeol, tilted Moscow further to North Korea over South Korea. Japan finally pulled the plug on Shinzo Abe's legacy of wooing Putin. Russia's turn to China played poorly in India, too, although it clung to cooperation in part to restrain a further shift. Even Russian hopes for ASEAN were set back. The war's impact in the East defied Putin's intentions.
The Arctic in Japan's Basic Plan on Ocean Policy: Toward a Comprehensive Free and Open Maritime Vision
Authors: Babin Julie
Published: August 2023

Abstract: After decades of international cooperative strategies based on soft power through Official Development Assistance (ODA), the environmental, socioeconomic, and political change in the circumpolar North has led Japan to develop and link its Arctic policy with its Oceanic policy. To respond to the rising influence of China in the geopolitical and geoeconomic scene, Japan's maritime policy is based on international peace and stability, freedom of navigation, and the support of the international legal framework. Beyond its regional sphere of interest and influence, the inclusion of the Arctic region in Japan's Oceanic policy is also strongly connected to the influence of think tanks, lobbies, and institutions in Japan's policies, that for decades have encouraged Tokyo to take proactive measures. This policy also illustrates the ambition to present a comprehensive panoramic strategy embracing not only seas and oceans directly surrounding Japan, but worldwide.
Cooperation on Transboundary Fine Dust: Revisiting Korea's Prudential Environmental Diplomacy Toward China and Its Policy Effectiveness
Authors: Zhang Muhui
Published: August 2023

Abstract: In this article, I investigate Korea's prudential environmental diplomacy with China regarding transboundary fine dust pollution from the perspective of Korea's disadvantageous position vis-à-vis China due to the ambiguity of pollution responsibilities and geopolitical constraints. Against this backdrop, Korea has tactically exercised prudential environmental diplomacy toward China in dual tracks. First, it has taken a "high-profile" stance in engaging with and socializing China into bilateral and multilateral frameworks and endeavors to align its environmental interests with those of China via scientific and technological cooperation. Second, Korea has undertaken a cautious procedure and is not pressuring China by pursuing legal-binding approaches immediately. I see a "mixed success" of Korea's environmental engagement with China and appraise Korea's policy flexibility and pragmatism.
Viper’s Mouth and Hound’s Howl: Discovery, Remedy and Polysemy at Nicander Theriaca 233 and 671
Authors: Coughlan Taylor S.
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT: This paper examines the polysemy of οὐ̑λος (“deadly,” “repeated,” “whole/healthy”) in Nicander’s Theriaca as a window onto the poet’s interest in the process of discovery. The core of this article treats the use of the term to describe a hound’s howl in the aetiological narrative of Alcibius’ discovery of a curative herb. I argue that Nicander deploys οὐ̑λος to call attention to the polysemy of the adjective whose meaning shifts and overlaps as one reads the narrative of Alcibius’ discovery. The challenge of formulating a contextually appropriate meaning of οὐ̑λος reinforces the theme of aetiological discovery and is consonant with Nicander’s use of the term elsewhere in the Theriaca as well as his broader interest in rare words and philological research.
Contexts and Spaces of Intersectionality: The Black Feminism and Internationalism of Lydie Dooh-Bunya, 1970–1990
Authors: Ohene-Nyako Pamela
Published: August 2023

Abstract: This article retraces the local and transnational ideas and activism of Lydie Dooh-Bunya, a French novelist, journalist, and activist from Cameroon. Its objective is to understand how Dooh-Bunya’s life experiences as well as the sociopolitical, intellectual, and activist contexts to which she had access contributed to the articulation and practice of a specific form of feminism at the intersection of colonialism, patriarchy, and racism, and how it evolved through her interactions both local and global. Through the tools offered by biographic and transnational approaches, this research contributes to the historiography of Black women’s and people’s agency and internationalism, and historicizes an intersectionality resulting from intellectual thought and lived experiences.
Tunable and switchable multi-wavelength pulsed fiber laser based on a nonlinear optical loop mirror and an improved Sagnac filter
Authors: Pan Honggang , Peng Yaomei , Shi Yanmei , Peng Jianxin , Liu Zhanzhi , Cao Chuanbo , Chen Zhipan , Zhang Bo , Liu Xueting , Du Pu
Published: August 2023

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a tunable and switchable multi-wavelength erbium-doped fiber ring pulsed laser based on a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) and an improved Sagnac filter. To achieve multi-wavelength pulsed laser output, we adopt a NOLM as a quasi-saturable absorber and an improved Sagnac loop as a wavelength selected filter. The constructed laser has a maximum output wavelength number of five with a pulse repetition frequency of 40.45 kHz and pulse duration of 108 ns. The laser can output single-wavelength and dual-wavelength pulsed lasers within a certain wavelength tuning range and a five-wavelength pulsed laser with a constant wavelength interval of 3 nm by adjusting the polarization controller. Dual-wavelength, three-wavelength, and four-wavelength pulsed lasers with various wavelength intervals are also obtained. The output performance of the constructed laser is tested with a maximum average output power of 127.45 µW and minimum pulse duration of 52 ns, and the stability of the laser output is also tested with a maximum power fluctuation of 0.62 dB and minimum wavelength drift of 0.51 nm with pump power of 350 mW.
Inverse design of a metasurface based on a deep tandem neural network
Authors: Xu Peng , Lou Jun , Li Chenxia , Jing Xufeng
Published: August 2023

Compared with traditional optical devices, metasurfaces have attracted extensive attention due to their unique electromagnetic properties as well as their advantages of thinness, ease of integration, and low loss. However, structural modeling, simulation calculations, and parameter optimization processes are often required for metasurface design by traditional methods, which consume time and computing resources. Here, we propose an inverse design method based on deep tandem neural networks to speed up the design process of metasurfaces. This method connects the pretrained forward prediction model and the inverse design model in series, which effectively solves the problem that the model is difficult to converge due to the nonuniqueness problem. A trained inverse design model can design metasurface structures that conform to a given spectral target in a very short time. Therefore, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of using deep tandem neural networks for metasurface inverse design, which greatly shortens the design time of metasurfaces and provides a reference for researchers to design metamaterial structures with specific optical properties.
Dual-wavelength collaboratively pumping scheme for a 3.9  µm continuous-wave Ho:YLF laser
Authors: Jing Xiaofan , Zhang Xinlu , Kang Panqiang , Huang Jinjer
Published: August 2023

A dual-wavelength collaboratively pumping scheme is proposed to realize the efficient operation of a 3.9 µm continuous wave Ho:YLF laser. An 888 nm laser is used to excite ions from the 5I8 ground-state manifold to the 5I5 laser’s upper manifold. Another 2.1 µm laser is used to excite ions from the 5I6 laser’s lower manifold to the short-lived 5I4 manifold to eliminate the self-terminated effect of 3.9 µm laser oscillation. Numerical simulation of 3.9 µm laser output performances is carried out, based on the developed rate equations. Simulation results indicate that the dual-wavelength collaboratively pumping scheme is feasible to realize the highly efficient output of the 3.9 µm continuous wave Ho:YLF laser. The relationship between the pump power for 888 nm and 2.1 µm laser sources is analyzed to obtain the optimal output. Furthermore, the impacts of crystal doping concentration, crystal length, output mirror transmittance, and important energy-transfer processes on the laser output performances are also analyzed. The dual-wavelength collaboratively pumping scheme provides beneficial guidance for the generation of a 3.9 µm high-power continuous-wave laser in an Ho:YLF laser.
Developing a comprehensive model for underwater MIMO OCC system
Authors: Hamidnejad Ehsan , Gholami Asghar
Published: August 2023

Due to its spatial modulation feature and potential applications, optical camera communication (OCC) has gained significant attention in recent years for a range of applications including underwater. Nonetheless, due to the low frame rates of the camera, the OCC data rate is rather low, which is why multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) has been adopted to compensate. In MIMO systems, however, the signal from one light emitting diode (LED) may result in interference on the image sensor (i.e., the camera) resulting in inter-pixel interference (IPI). This paper presents a comprehensive model of the underwater OCC (UOCC) and experimentally verifies its performance under IPI by comparing signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR). The effect of distance between LEDs according to LED diameter D on signal to interference ratio (SIR) is presented and results indicate that coastal water has the SIR gain ∼2.5 dB for the link span of 1 to 6 m, and for harbor water channel length from 0.4 to 1.4 m the gain increased from ∼2 to ∼5 dB for d of 2D compared with d of 0.5D.
Amplification of light pulses with orbital angular momentum (OAM) in nitrogen ions lasing
Authors: Mei Haicheng , Gao Jingsong , Wang Kailu , Dong Jiahao , Gong Qihuang , Wu Chengyin , Liu Yunquan , Jiang Hongbing , Liu Yi
Published: August 2023

Nitrogen ions pumped by intense femtosecond laser pulses give rise to optical amplification in the ultraviolet range. Here, we demonstrated that a seed light pulse carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) can be significantly amplified in nitrogen plasma excited by a Gaussian femtosecond laser pulse. With the topological charge of ℓ = ±1, we observed an energy amplification of the seed light pulse by two orders of magnitude, while the amplified pulse carries the same OAM as the incident seed pulse. Moreover, we show that a spatial misalignment of the plasma amplifier with the OAM seed beam leads to an amplified emission of Gaussian mode without OAM, due to the special spatial profile of the OAM seed pulse that presents a donut-shaped intensity distribution. Utilizing this misalignment, we can implement an optical switch that toggles the output signal between Gaussian mode and OAM mode. This work not only certifies the phase transfer from the seed light to the amplified signal, but also highlights the important role of spatial overlap of the donut-shaped seed beam with the gain region of the nitrogen plasma for the achievement of OAM beam amplification.
Silicon metaoptics for the compact generation of perfect vector beams in the telecom infrared
Authors: Vogliardi Andrea , Ruffato Gianluca , Bonaldo Daniele , Zilio Simone Dal , Romanato Filippo
Published: August 2023

Perfect vortices have attracted considerable attention as orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams with customizable ring-like intensity distribution. More recently, the non-separable combination of perfect vortices with opposite OAMs and spins, yielding so-called perfect vector beams, has further expanded their applications in the fields of optical manipulation and imaging, high-resolution lithography, and telecommunications. Exploiting the combined manipulation of dynamic and geometric phases using silicon anisotropic metaunits, here we present the design, fabrication, and characterization of novel, to the best of our knowledge, dielectric metaoptics for the compact generation of perfect vector beams in the telecom infrared using a single metasurface. These devices pave the way to integrated optical architectures with applications in information and communication technologies in both the classical and quantum regimes.
Direct-detected spectroscopy based on a plasmonic Schottky photodetector and a deep neural network
Authors: Wu Shaoxiong , Chen Cheng , Dai Yue , Ye Jiayi , Xu Xinyi , Liu Xinyu , Tian Feng , Xu Yang , Hu Huan
Published: August 2023

Computational algorithms have facilitated the miniaturization of spectrometers, which is essential for on-chip and portable applications. A plasmonic Schottky photodetector provides a filter-free and CMOS-compatible scheme for spectral measurement. In this study, we report on a direct-detected spectral analysis based on an integrated vertically coupled plasmonic nanostructure Schottky photodetector. We demonstrate that the plasmonic Schottky photodetector has a fast response with a –3 dB bandwidth of 600 kHz and a high peak detectivity of 8.65 × 1010 Jones. By designing a deep neural network (DNN), we demonstrate the reconstruction of the unknown spectrum with a mean square error (MSE) of 1.57 × 10−4 at a broad operating wave band of 450–950 nm, using only 20 distinct devices. Moreover, the spectral resolution of the 20 devices can reach to 7 nm. These findings provide a promising route for the development of chip-integrated spectrometers with high spectral accuracy and optical performance.
Optimizing population accumulation in a designated single Zeeman state using microwave spectroscopy
Authors: Liou Jia-You , Wu Chi-En , Su Hsuan-Jui , Chen Yi-Hsin
Published: August 2023

We present an all-optical method for the highly efficient preparation of cold atoms in a specific Zeeman state, such as the magnetically insensitive clock state (m
F
 = 0) or a particular state suitable for quantum information processing and storage. This technique employs a single microwave spectrum, enabling precise determination of the population distribution, microwave polarization ratio, and microwave Rabi frequency individually. By analyzing the microwave spectrum, we can track the population distribution while systematically varying the power or period of the optical pumping field(s). In steady-state conditions, our simplified model, which incorporates resonant and off-resonant transitions, reveals an upper limit to the population purity. Through the optimization of the intensity and polarization of the optical pumping field, we have achieved exceptional population purities of up to 96(2)% or 98(1)% for the desired quantum state. These remarkable results indicate a significant advancement in state preparation accuracy. Our all-optical method introduces an approach to achieving high-purity atomic states while employing novel microwave spectroscopy to accurately detect all unknown parameters, offering valuable insights and potential applications in precision measurement and quantum computation research.
Adaptive vessel tracing and segmentation in OCT enables robust detection of wall-to-lumen ratio abnormalities in 5xFAD mice
Authors: Yao Xincheng , Adejumo Tobiloba , Ma Guangying , Son Taeyoon , Kim Tae-Hoon , Le David , DADZIE ALBERT , Ahmed Shaiban
Published: August 2023

The wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) of retinal blood vessels promises a sensitive marker for physiological assessment of eye conditions. However, in vivo measurement of vessel wall thickness and lumen diameter is still technically challenging, hindering wide application of WLR in research and clinical settings. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of using optical coherence tomography (OCT) as one practical method for in vivo quantification of WLR in the retina. Based on three-dimensional vessel tracing, lateral en face and axial B-scan profiles of individual vessels were constructed. By adaptive depth segmentation for en face vessel OCT projection, the vessel wall thickness and lumen diameter are reliably quantified. A comparative study of control and 5xFAD mice confirmed WLR as a sensitive marker of the eye condition.
Near-infrared polymer Y-branch splitters with compact MMI structures for efficient power splitting
Authors: Afsary Noor , Alam Md Koushik , Sikder Md. Sohel , Parvez Md. Shohel , Rasel MD Omar Faruk
Published: August 2023

This research presents a novel strategy for enhancing optical network efficiency by implementing a taper-based single-mode step-index (SI) core polymer Y-branch multimode interference (MMI) splitter. The innovative splitter design offers notable benefits in terms of performance, cost-effectiveness, and scalability. By capitalizing on the inherent attributes of the polymer material, including its minimal propagation losses and flexibility, we meticulously engineer this Y-Branch MMI polymer splitter. A 5 μm core width is purposefully maintained in the input and output components to uphold single-mode conditions. Embracing the self-imaging principle, the design and optimization of this Y-branch splitter are conducted employing the beam propagation method at a 1.55 μm wavelength. SI MMI splitters achieve a commendable power splitting efficiency of 86%. Our examination shows an excess loss of 0.52 dB and 0.50 dB for TE and TM modes, respectively. Furthermore, the calculated polarization dependence loss (PDL) is 0.015 dB, with a propagation loss of only 0.00019 dB/μm.
Accelerating Bayesian inference of dependency between mixed-type biological traits
Authors: Zhang Zhenyu , Nishimura Akihiko , Trovão Nídia S. , Cherry Joshua L. , Holbrook Andrew J. , Ji Xiang , Lemey Philippe , Suchard Marc A.
Published: August 2023

Inferring dependencies between mixed-type biological traits while accounting for evolutionary relationships between specimens is of great scientific interest yet remains infeasible when trait and specimen counts grow large. The state-of-the-art approach uses a phylogenetic multivariate probit model to accommodate binary and continuous traits via a latent variable framework, and utilizes an efficient bouncy particle sampler (BPS) to tackle the computational bottleneck—integrating many latent variables from a high-dimensional truncated normal distribution. This approach breaks down as the number of specimens grows and fails to reliably characterize conditional dependencies between traits. Here, we propose an inference pipeline for phylogenetic probit models that greatly outperforms BPS. The novelty lies in 1) a combination of the recent Zigzag Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (Zigzag-HMC) with linear-time gradient evaluations and 2) a joint sampling scheme for highly correlated latent variables and correlation matrix elements. In an application exploring HIV-1 evolution from 535 viruses, the inference requires joint sampling from an 11,235-dimensional truncated normal and a 24-dimensional covariance matrix. Our method yields a 5-fold speedup compared to BPS and makes it possible to learn partial correlations between candidate viral mutations and virulence. Computational speedup now enables us to tackle even larger problems: we study the evolution of influenza H1N1 glycosylations on around 900 viruses. For broader applicability, we extend the phylogenetic probit model to incorporate categorical traits, and demonstrate its use to studyAquilegiaflower and pollinator co-evolution.
rRNA transcription is integral to phase separation and maintenance of nucleolar structure
Authors: Dash Soma , Lamb Maureen C. , Lange Jeffrey J. , McKinney Mary C. , Tsuchiya Dai , Guo Fengli , Zhao Xia , Corbin Timothy J. , Kirkman MaryEllen , Delventhal Kym , Moore Emma L. , McKinney Sean , Shiang Rita , Trainor Paul A.
Published: August 2023

Transcription of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) by RNA Polymerase (Pol) I in the nucleolus is necessary for ribosome biogenesis, which is intimately tied to cell growth and proliferation. Perturbation of ribosome biogenesis results in tissue specific disorders termed ribosomopathies in association with alterations in nucleolar structure. However, how rRNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis regulate nucleolar structure during normal development and in the pathogenesis of disease remains poorly understood. Here we show that homozygous null mutations in Pol I subunits required for rRNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis lead to preimplantation lethality. Moreover, we discovered that Polr1a-/-, Polr1b-/-, Polr1c-/- and Polr1d-/- mutants exhibit defects in the structure of their nucleoli, as evidenced by a decrease in number of nucleolar precursor bodies and a concomitant increase in nucleolar volume, which results in a single condensed nucleolus. Pharmacological inhibition of Pol I in preimplantation and midgestation embryos, as well as in hiPSCs, similarly results in a single condensed nucleolus or fragmented nucleoli. We find that when Pol I function and rRNA transcription is inhibited, the viscosity of the granular compartment of the nucleolus increases, which disrupts its phase separation properties, leading to a single condensed nucleolus. However, if a cell progresses through mitosis, the absence of rRNA transcription prevents reassembly of the nucleolus and manifests as fragmented nucleoli. Taken together, our data suggests that Pol I function and rRNA transcription are required for maintaining nucleolar structure and integrity during development and in the pathogenesis of disease.
Evaluation of farnesol orally and topically against experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis: In -vivo analysis
Authors: Sharma Harshita , Sehgal Rakesh , Jhacak Sanjay , Deshmukh Kirti , Nada Ritambhara
Published: August 2023

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease transmitted by an obligate intra-macrophage protozoan of the genus Leishmania through the infective bite of a vector sandfly. This study investigated the therapeutic efficacy of farnesol, a sesquiterpene compound, for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) using in vivo BALB/c mouse model. In this study, farnesol’s efficacy was compared with the standard drug, paromomycin. It was observed that farnesol significantly reduced lesion sizes and footpad thickness compared to the control group (paromomycin). Lymph node size was also significantly reduced in farnesol-treated mice, indicating its ability to control infection spread. Combination therapy with farnesol and Paromomycin did not demonstrate synergistic effects. These results highlight the potential of farnesol as an alternative therapeutic agent for CL. Further investigations are required to elucidate its mechanism of action and assess potential off-target effects. Optimization of oral delivery methods should be explored to enhance bioavailability. Overall, our findings support farnesol’s efficacy in CL treatment, offering promising prospects for improved disease management.
Inmersión en la práctica profesional de la interpretación empresarial: retos clave para la formación del intérprete del presente y el futuro
Authors: Torrella Gutierrez Carmen
Published: August 2023

En el presente artículo abordamos las complejidades propias de la interpretación empresarial con el objetivo de integrar las exigencias de la profesión en la formación especializada del intérprete. Con esta finalidad, partimos de los desafíos identificados en un corpus de interpretación empresarial en el que observamos fenómenos reales que requieren la intervención del intérprete para garantizar la eficiencia de la comunicación. Como el estudio subraya, las zonas de intervención en interpretación empresarial surgen como consecuencia tanto de las limitaciones temporales del diálogo como de la interacción entre diferentes culturas y enfoques empresariales. Ante estos fenómenos de la práctica profesional, el intérprete necesita activar el proceso de toma de decisiones para abordar tales limitaciones y trasladar el mensaje, teniendo presente la importancia de preservar no solo el contenido de las declaraciones de los oradores, sino también sus intenciones. Con este enfoque, nos aproximamos a la noción de competencia desde un punto de vista práctico y entendemos que el intérprete competente ha de ser capaz de superar los desafíos de la práctica de la profesión. De este modo, la propuesta considera el valor de tomar como referencia situaciones comunicativas reales para formar intérpretes preparados para dar respuesta a las exigencias de la interpretación empresarial profesional alineando, de este modo, la formación con las necesidades del mercado.
Docencia de Interpretación en alemán-español: propuesta de metodología interactiva y situada con elementos de gamificación
Authors: Koreneva Antonova Olga
Published: August 2023

Para la eficaz preparación de los futuros profesionales de traducción/interpretación es necesario, además de dominar idiomas extranjeros y poseer fluidez oral, conocer también estrategias y tendencias avanzadas en traducción adaptadas a los desafíos profesionales actuales. Dado que la tarea del intérprete social asume cada vez mayor parte del papel del mediador intercultural, se requiere también desarrollar competencias sociales adicionales con elementos de empatía, control emocional e intervención propia en condiciones de mucha presión. Estas competencias resultan ser de vital importancia, sobre todo en casos de interpretación en situaciones de emergencia social (hospitales, clínicas psiquiátricas, instituciones penitenciarias, atención a refugiados, a víctimas de violencia de género, etc.). El entrenamiento práctico anticipado es más eficaz si la situación y el entorno de aprendizaje de las lenguas extranjeras e interpretación se acercan lo máximo posible a la situación real, por ejemplo durante juegos de rol con atributos teatrales, efectos especiales, transmisión de experiencia propia y puestas en escena. La base de dicha propuesta didáctica interactiva con elementos de gamificación parte de los últimos avances en las Ciencias Cognitivas y la Neurodidáctica, que abogan por el embodied learning (Shapiro & Stolz 2019) como metodología motivadora de aprendizaje corporeizado (Grein 2021). Este enfoque consiste en ofrecer a los alumnos la experiencia práctica: selfexperience, being-in-the-real-world. Ello va en línea con la teoría de la simulación situada (Barsalou 2020) y la necesidad del aprendizaje inserto en un contexto próximo al real para alcanzar la fluidez conceptual (Danesi 2017) y para facilitar, a su vez, la gestión terminológica eficaz (Faber 2022) necesaria para la tarea de la interpretación. Partiendo de la experiencia previa como intérprete profesional y docente, se puede afirmar que la metodología propuesta acelera el desarrollo de las competencias lingüísticas, sociales, terminológicas, empáticas y de control emocional necesarias para los futuros intérpretes. Se trata de una metodología interactiva y práctica, eficaz, orientada a la acción y al fomento de las nuevas competencias de la Interpretación, que representa un proceso holístico haciendo uso de los postulados de la didáctica estética e interpretación ecológica.
La traducción vitivinícola: un caso especial de traducción especializada con distintas aplicaciones didácticas
Authors: Pascual Cabrerizo María , Martínez Lanzán Gloria
Published: August 2023

El sector vitivinícola ocupa un papel destacado en la economía española y de otros países y precisa una comunicación multilingüe que genera gran cantidad de textos, los cuales conforman un corpus variado e interesante para la investigación traductológica y para la didáctica de la traducción especializada. La finalidad de este artículo es explorar las posibilidades didácticas de la traducción vitivinícola tanto en el marco del Grado en Traducción e Interpretación como en el de la formación continua a través de cursos y talleres independientes. Para ello, tras definir la traducción vitivinícola como traducción especializada, delinearemos una clasificación de géneros textuales para seleccionar los que pueden ser más productivos en un entorno didáctico y propondremos una serie de actividades y recursos para la práctica de la traducción vitivinícola, basados en textos con distintos grados de especialización y con características especiales que pongan en juego diversas competencias del traductor. A modo de conclusión, consideramos que un enfoque basado en géneros es muy adecuado para la enseñanza no solo de la traducción, sino también de las lenguas y la terminología, ya que permite abordar los textos a través de aspectos pragmáticos, socioculturales, macrotextuales, morfosintácticos y léxico-semánticos.
A szexmunka valósága
Authors: Serfőző Éda
Published: August 2023

Kutatásom célja, hogy felmérjem, a magyar emberek mennyi ismerettel rendelkeznek a szexmunka témakörében: mit tudnak róla, milyen érzéseket táplálnak eme szolgáltatás, valamint a szexmunkások iránt? Ezzel párhuzamosan vizsgálom a szexmunkások oldalát is: miből áll a munkájuk, hogyan élik azt meg, milyen hatása van az életükre? Ezen kérdéseim megválaszolásához kérdőíves kutatást végeztem, valamint interjút készítettem két szexmunkással. Ezért is adtam dolgozatomnak ,,A szexmunka valósága” címet, hiszen a szexmunka szereplői mind másképpen élik azt meg: mind az igénybe vevőknek, mind a ,,tétlen szemlélőnek”, mind pedig a szexmunkásnak más a valóság.
A gyermekbántalmazás megjelenési formái az X – Z generációk vizsgálatának tükrében
Authors: Kurilla Zsófia Mária
Published: August 2023

A tanulmányban a gyermekbántalmazás különböző típusait mutatom be. A vizsgálat kiemelt célja a különböző bántalmazási típusok ismertetése, illetve a szakirodalomban írtak és a megvalósult, átélt bántalmazások közötti hasonlóságok vagy eltérések kimutatása. Az online kérdőív kérdései három egységre bonthatók fel. Az elsőben a kérdőívet kitöltő személyek demográfiai adatait, a másodikban a bántalmazásról való tudást és érintettséget vizsgáltam, a végén pedig a kitöltők leírhatták saját tapasztalásaikat. A kutatás alapján megállapítható, hogy jelen társadalmunkban a mai napig is aktívan alkalmazzák a bántalmazást a gyermekek körében nevelési célzattal. Ezen cselekedetek nagymértékben kihatnak az áldozat pszichés és mentális állapotára.
Zenei képességek fejlesztésének szerepe koragyermekkorban
Authors: Bede Fanni Anna , Endrődy Orsolya
Published: August 2023

Jelen kutatásunk fókuszában a kora gyermekkori zenei nevelés és zenepedagógia áll, a zene- és a neveléstudomány határterületén vizsgálódik. Adalékokkal igyekszik szolgálni ahhoz az elméleti paradigmához, mely szerint a korai zenei élmények meghatározók az agy fejlődése, a szociális és érzelmi kompetenciák, valamint a zeneszeretet, zeneértés kialakulásában is. A tanulmány a releváns elméleti keret áttekintése után interjúk segítségével vizsgálódik a legnépszerűbb hazai koragyermekkori zenei programok elemzésével. A kutatás elméleti hátterét Kodály Zoltán nemzetközileg is elismert zenepedagógiai alapvetései és az abból megalkotott, Forrai Katalin által kidolgozott módszertana képzik. A vizsgált minták eredményei arra engednek következtetni, hogy a kodályi hagyomány a mai napig tovább él a kutatás alanyait képező szakemberek munkásságában. Kodály ötvenes években megfogalmazott zenepedagógiai alapelvei kiindulópontját adhatják a mai kora gyermekkori zenei nevelőmunkát végző pedagógusok szakmai tevékenységének.
Optimal State Feedback Controller for Balancing Cube
Authors: Piotrowski Robert , Kowalczyk Adam
Published: August 2023

In this paper, a nonlinear balancing cube system is considered which concept is based on an inverted pendulum. The main purpose of this work was the modelling and construction of a balancing cube with the synthesis of the control system. The control objectives included swing-up and stabilization of the cube on its vertex at an unstable equilibrium. Execution of the intended purpose required, firstly – deriving a cognitive mathematical model. It was based on the Lagrange method. Next, a mathematical model for control purposes was derived. The project of the physical model of the balancing cube was presented. A stabilization system based on a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) was developed. Moreover, a swing-up mechanism was used to bring the cube close to the upper equilibrium point. The algorithm switching condition was important to enable the correct functioning of the system. The developed control system was verified in the Matlab environment. Finally, verifying experiments and comparison between models (mathematical and physical) were performed.
Integrated and Deep Learning Based Social Surveillance System: A Novel Approach
Authors: Litoriya Ratnesh , Ramchandani Dev , Moyal Dhruvansh , Bothra Dhruv
Published: August 2023

In industry and research, big data applications are gaining a lot of traction and space. Surveillance videos contribute significantly to big unlabelled data. The aim of visual surveillance is to understand and determine object behaviour. It includes static and moving object detection, as well as video tracking to comprehend scene events. Object detection algorithms may be used to identify items in any video scene. Any video surveillance system faces a significant challenge in detecting moving objects and differentiating between objects with the same shapes or features. The primary goal of this work is to provide an integrated framework for a quick overview of video analysis utilizing deep learning algorithms to detect suspicious activity. In greater applications, the detection method is utilized to determine the region where items are available and the form of objects in each frame. This video analysis also aids in the attainment of security. Security may be characterized in a variety of ways, such as identifying theft or violation of covid protocols. The obtained results are encouraging and superior to existing solutions with 97% accuracy.
Representação de Cartas Topográficas em Dispositivos Móveis de Realidade Aumentada Aplicando Conceito de Generalização Cartográfica
Authors: Silva Joyce Raymundo da , Centeno Jorge Antonio Silva
Published: August 2023

A visualização de mapas por meio de Realidade Aumentada pode facilitar análises topográficas, pois tais ferramentas permitem representar a topografia de maneira interativa e dinâmica em ambientes 3D. Porém, muitas vezes isto é feito de forma simples e sem levar em conta princípios de comunicação cartográfica. Este presente trabalho tem como objetivo a proposta de uma metodologia baseada em regras de Generalização Cartográfica para otimizar a visualização de cartas topográficas em ambientes de Realidade Aumentada indoor. Este aprimoramento é almejado visando a manutenção das características originais do relevo. Nos experimentos, o modelo digital do terreno (MDT) foi utilizado para extração de curvas de nível em escala de 1:10.000 e depois em escala reduzida de 1:15.000. Foram analisadas as condições geométricas de Coalescência, Congestionamento, Conflito e Imperceptibilidade. Esses problemas foram solucionados por meio de operadores de Realce, Seleção e Simplificação com os algoritmos de Douglas-Peucker, Passa-baixas e Savitzky- Golay. Os operadores de Realce e Seleção foram aplicados anteriormente à Simplificação, como um pré-processamento.Os algoritmos de Simplificação foram comparados quanto a sua capacidade de reduzir os dados e a preservação da informação geométrica original do relevo. Os resultados apontam que o objetivo pode ser atingido e que os filtros de Douglas - Peucker e de Savitzky-Golay apresentaram melhores resultados.
Insegurança Hídrica Domiciliar e Vulnerabilidade Social em Contexto Municipal do Semiárido Cearense
Authors: Tomaz Paula Alves , Santos Jader de Oliveira , Jepson Wendy
Published: August 2023

Insegurança hídrica domiciliar refere-se à situação de dificuldades de acesso a água em qualidade e quantidade suficiente a manutenção do bem-estar humano. Embora seja uma premissa para a sobrevivência esse direito básico, por vezes não é assegurado. Este artigo tem como objetivo verificar se há correlação entre a insegurança hídrica domiciliar e a vulnerabilidade social no semiárido cearense. Para isso aplicou-se o protocolo “Household Water Insecurity Experiences – HWISE” nos agregados familiares visando investigar os diversos problemas relacionados a água e ao abastecimento hídrico domiciliar. Utilizou-se técnicas estatísticas da análise exploratória de dados por meio da análise fatorial, de agrupamentos e de correlação espacial para verificar a relação espacial entre insegurança hídrica e a vulnerabilidade social. Os principais resultados mostram que embora haja um quadro de insegurança hídrica domiciliar, a relação desta com a vulnerabilidade social é mais acentuada nas áreas urbanas. Nas áreas rurais, onde a vulnerabilidade é maior, a existência de múltiplas fontes de abastecimento como as cisternas e os carros pipa passam para a população uma sensação mais elevada de segurança hídrica, tanto no acesso como na disponibilidade de água para o consumo domiciliar. Mediante os resultados atingidos evidencia-se que a insegurança hídrica domiciliar pressupõe a consideração de ampla gama de fatores e sua avaliação não pode ser conseguida mediante somente a utilização de indicador sintético de vulnerabilidade social.
Observationen aus der Welt Kafkas, Schwejks und Havels
Authors: Morée Peter
Published: August 2023

Vorschläge um die Name des Gustav-Adolf-Werk zu ändern, weil der schwedische König als Kriegsverbrecher gekennzeichnet werden soll, sollen mit Zurückhaltung betrachtet werden.
Kirche der Freiheit and A Systems Theory Of Church
Authors: Bochez Jiří
Published: August 2023

The article deals with our understanding of ongoing reform processes taking place in the German and Czech churches, specifically the protestant ones. Are we ready to overcome the stress connected with too much uncertainty? Congregations, like human beings, live between the polarities of order and freedom. The tension between these two polarities gives birth to a renewal. Thinking systematically means seeing the multiplicity of factors and search for causation in a given environment. Acting systematically means seeing opportunities, creating mental models and influencing the environment. There may be historic tensions and group‘s dynamics leading to a permanent conflict. There may be too much liberalism leading to the vague picture of one‘s identity. There may be too much responsibility carried by a few people working voluntarily. There may be too much orthodoxy closing itself in the system of “eternal truths.” We introduce a Systems Theory of Church that takes into account a struggle between the use of traditional instruments used to describe self-reference of the church (ecclesiology) and the use of management tools in the church in recent years, and combine this with the Luhmann‘ s Theory of Social Systems. We propose in the text a theory that takes seriously a language of one of the leading social theories, adapt it to the theological context in order to apply it to a new communication strategy. The language we use is not innocent; it creates its own reality. We cannot grow against the trend. But doing things right as well as doing right things – it is all about “planting, growing and taking care” with patience. A hermeneutic circle, a semantic triangle and a communication model embody a “creation view” can helps us to see the whole picture again.
Remembering David Ralph Holeton (9. 3. 1948–6. 1. 2023)
Authors: Morée Peter
Published: August 2023

The Liturgist, Teacher of Theology and Pastor David Holeton influenced the liturgical life of the Anglican Church of Canada, the research on liturgy and the research on the Bohemian Reformation, which caught his attention because of its practice of communion for infants.
Notch Signaling Plays a Dual Role in Regulating the Neuron-to-Oligodendrocyte Switch in the Developing Dorsal Forebrain
Authors: Tran Luuli N. , Loew Sarah K. , Franco Santos J.
Published: August 2023

Neural progenitor cells in the developing dorsal forebrain generate excitatory neurons followed by oligodendrocytes (OLs) and astrocytes. However, the specific mechanisms that regulate the timing of this neuron–glia switch are not fully understood. In this study, we show that the proper balance of Notch signaling in dorsal forebrain progenitors is required to generate oligodendrocytes during late stages of embryonic development. Usingex vivoandin uteroapproaches in mouse embryos of both sexes, we found that Notch inhibition reduced the number of oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the dorsal pallium. However, Notch overactivation also prevented oligodendrogenesis and maintained a progenitor state. These results point toward a dual role for Notch signaling in both promoting and inhibiting oligodendrogenesis, which must be fine-tuned to generate oligodendrocyte lineage cells at the right time and in the right numbers. We further identified the canonical Notch downstream factors HES1 and HES5 as negative regulators in this process. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9-mediated knockdown ofHes1andHes5caused increased expression of the pro-oligodendrocyte factor ASCL1 and led to precocious oligodendrogenesis. Conversely, combining Notch overactivation with ASCL1 overexpression robustly promoted oligodendrogenesis, indicating a separate mechanism of Notch that operates synergistically with ASCL1 to specify an oligodendrocyte fate. We propose a model in which Notch signaling works together with ASCL1 to specify progenitors toward the oligodendrocyte lineage but also maintains a progenitor state through Hes-dependent repression ofAscl1so that oligodendrocytes are not made too early, thus contributing to the precise timing of the neuron–glia switch.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeural progenitors make oligodendrocytes after neurogenesis starts to wind down, but the mechanisms that control the timing of this switch are poorly understood. In this study, we identify Notch signaling as a critical pathway that regulates the balance between progenitor maintenance and oligodendrogenesis. Notch signaling is required for the oligodendrocyte fate, but elevated Notch signaling prevents oligodendrogenesis and maintains a progenitor state. We provide evidence that these opposing functions are controlled by different mechanisms. Before the switch, Notch signaling through Hes factors represses oligodendrogenesis. Later, Notch signaling through an unknown mechanism promotes oligodendrogenesis synergistically with the transcription factor ASCL1. Our study underscores the complexity of Notch and reveals its importance in regulating the timing and numbers of oligodendrocyte production.
Contributions of the Sodium Leak Channel NALCN to Pacemaking of Medial Ventral Tegmental Area and Substantia Nigra Dopaminergic Neurons
Authors: Cobb-Lewis Dana E. , Sansalone Lorenzo , Khaliq Zayd M.
Published: August 2023

We tested the role of the sodium leak channel, NALCN, in pacemaking of dopaminergic neuron (DAN) subpopulations from adult male and female mice. In situ hybridization revealed NALCN RNA in all DANs, with lower abundance in medial ventral tegmental area (VTA) relative to substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Despite lower relative abundance of NALCN, we found that acute pharmacological blockade of NALCN in medial VTA DANs slowed pacemaking by 49.08%. We also examined the electrophysiological properties of projection-defined VTA DAN subpopulations identified by retrograde labeling. Inhibition of NALCN reduced pacemaking in DANs projecting to medial nucleus accumbens (NAc) and others projecting to lateral NAc by 70.74% and 31.98%, respectively, suggesting that NALCN is a primary driver of pacemaking in VTA DANs. In SNc DANs, potentiating NALCN by lowering extracellular calcium concentration speeded pacemaking in wildtype but not NALCN conditional knockout mice, demonstrating functional presence of NALCN. In contrast to VTA DANs, however, pacemaking in SNc DANs was unaffected by inhibition of NALCN. Instead, we found that inhibition of NALCN increased the gain of frequency-current plots at firing frequencies slower than spontaneous firing. Similarly, inhibition of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) conductance increased gain but had little effect on pacemaking. Interestingly, simultaneous inhibition of NALCN and HCN resulted in significant reduction in pacemaker rate. Thus, we found NALCN makes substantial contributions to driving pacemaking in VTA DAN subpopulations. In SNc DANs, NALCN is not critical for pacemaking but inhibition of NALCN makes cells more sensitive to hyperpolarizing stimuli.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPacemaking in midbrain dopaminergic neurons (DAN) relies on multiple subthreshold conductances, including a sodium leak. Whether the sodium leak channel, NALCN, contributes to pacemaking in DANs located in the VTA and the SNc has not yet been determined. Using electrophysiology and pharmacology, we show that NALCN plays a prominent role in driving pacemaking in projection-defined VTA DAN subpopulations. By contrast, pacemaking in SNc neurons does not rely on NALCN. Instead, the presence of NALCN regulates the excitability of SNc DANs by reducing the gain of the neuron’s response to inhibitory stimuli. Together, these findings will inform future efforts to obtain DAN subpopulation-specific treatments for use in neuropsychiatric disorders.
First-principles calculation of electronic structure, chemical bonding and optical properties of β-AgBiS2
Authors: Zhang Y. , Guo J. , Zhang Y. W. , Y. W. Q. Y. , Zhang S. R. , Lai Q.
Published: August 2023

We investigated the structural, electronic, chemical bonding, and optical properties of β-AgBiS2 crystal by using the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional and the hybrid functional Heyd Scuseria Ernzerhof (HSE) within the DFT formalism. The electronic band structures obtained by both methods indicate that β-AgBiS2 is an indirect band gap semiconductor with band gap of 0.571 and 1.025 eV, respectively. The electron density difference and Mulliken overlap population show that the Ag-S bonds and Bi-S bonds are both ionic bonds. The calculated optical absorption spectrum prove that β-AgBiS2 is a promising material for solar photovoltaic conversion
Structural, electronic, optical, mechanical and magnetic properties of Co2CrZ (Z = As, B, Ga, Pb) full-Heusler compounds
Authors: Singh P. , Mahla S. , Chaudhary M. G. , Agrawal R. , Singh C. , Verma A. S.
Published: August 2023

Two separate computational algorithms have been used in the current investigation of Full-heusler compounds. One is the pseudo-potential approach used in the Atomistic Tool Kit-Virtual Nanolab, while the other is FP-LAPW method as implemented in WIEN2k. In the computational code, these compounds exhibit mattelic character in both the majority and minority spin channels. According to the WIEN2k and ATK-VNL codes, the computed magnetic moments of these compounds Co2CrZ (Z = As, B, Ga, and Pb) are 4.93 µB and 5.02 µB, 3.00 µB and 3.08 µB, 3.02 µB and 3.16 µB, and 4.07 µB and 4.30 µB, respectively. Between the estimated value and the Slater-Pauling rule, we discovered excellent agreement. These compounds' optical characteristics include reflectivity, refractive index, excitation coefficient, and absorption coefficient, among others. An analysis has been done on the electron energy loss and optical conductivity. Both the electron energy-loss function and the absorption coefficient increase as the energy value increases. As per the results of elastic properties, Co2CrZ compounds with Z = As, Pb are ductile by nature, whereas those with Z = B, Ga are brittle. Co2CrZ (Z = As, B, Ga, and Pb) compounds exhibit metallic behaviour when their Cauchy pressure (CP = C12 - C44) value is positive.