bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING ALEF EDUCATION MEDIA TO ENHANCE VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Muttaqiyyah Almar'atul
Published: July 2024

This research discusses the effectiveness of implementing the "Alef Education" media, which contains interesting digital-based features for Arabic language learning, to improve vocabulary mastery as a case study in the 7th grade of MTsN 1 Kediri. The academic problems identified by the researcher include: 1) Lack of Arabic vocabulary repertoire among students, 2) Lack of student interest in learning vocabulary using books, 3) Students' difficulty in memorizing vocabulary. The objectives of this research are: 1) to determine the process of implementing Alef Education media, 2) to assess the effectiveness of implementing Alef Education media, 3) to identify the strengths and weaknesses of implementing Alef Education media. The research methodology used is a mixed-methods research combining quantitative true-experimental design and qualitative approaches. The data collection methods include pre-tests and post-tests, questionnaires, interviews, documentation, as well as relevant and supportive literature. The research results indicate that: 1) The process of implementing Alef Education media includes opening, core, and closing activities. 2) There is a significant improvement in students' vocabulary mastery, which is proven effective through SPSS calculations using the Independent Sample t-Test, with a 2-tailed significance value of 0,02 0,05, thus rejecting the null hypothesis (Ho) and accepting the alternative hypothesis (Ha). 3) The advantages of implementing Alef Education media include engaging and easily understandable learning, the presence of exercise questions accompanied by images and audio that motivate students in memorizing and improving learning outcomes. However, the disadvantages include technical issues and reduced use of books.
REVITALIZING ARABIC VOCABULARY LEARNING THROUGH THE USE OF AUGMENTED REALITY MEDIA
Authors: Haryati Ratih , Salamah Ummu
Published: July 2024

This research is a qualitative study using library research aimed at examining and analyzing Augmented Reality (AR) technology as a form of revitalization in the teaching of Arabic mufradat. The data generated in this research are qualitative, involving information in the form of words, sentences, and opinions, rather than numerical data. The data analysis technique in this study uses content analysis method. The validity of the data is ensured through the technique of source triangulation, which involves testing the validity of the data by cross-checking the information obtained from various literature sources. The research results indicate that the use of Augmented Reality (AR) as a form of revitalization in the teaching of Arabic mufradat creates a significant innovation to enhance the quality of learning. Through AR, learners can experience interactive, dynamic, and comprehensive learning, motivating them to explore further in understanding mufradat effectively. The three-dimensional visualization benefits of mufradat, contextual learning, and flexible access to materials through AR have a positive impact on the understanding of linguistic concepts, accelerate Arabic language learning, and bridge the gap between theory and practice.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM IN ARABIC LEARNING: LEARNING STRATEGIES
Authors: Khotami Ahmad Rosyid , Pandi Supandi , Hidayatullah Syarif
Published: July 2024

Curriculum in Arabic language learning at MTS Al-Ishlahuddiny. This qualitative descriptive study collected data through documentation, observation, and interviews from primary and secondary sources. Data analysis involved reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The findings reveal that Arabic language learning at MTS Al-Ishlahuddiny integrates the Ministry of Education and Culture's curriculum with KMI Kediri, Salafiyah, and Tahfidz Al-Qur'an curricula, which enhances Arabic learning outcomes. The implementation includes various programs: National Seminar on Arabic for Teachers, the formation of a language section within student organizations, and effective Arabic learning both in and outside the classroom. In-class learning employs group-based lughawiyah and independent curriculum-based methods. Extracurricular activities include muhāḍarah (speeches), muhādaṡah (conversations), musyāhadah al-aflām al-arābiyah (watching Arabic films), mahkāmah al-lughah (language court), Arabic drama contests, and both internal and external competitions.
La politique d’harmonisation fiscale au sein de l’Union Économique etMonétaire Ouest Africaine : analyse et perspectives
Authors: Traore Raïssatou Joëlle
Published: July 2024

Depuis 1994, l’Union Économique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA) s'est engagée dans un ambitieux projet d'harmonisation de sa fiscalité intérieure. Plus d'un quart de siècle après, ce document se propose d'évaluer les effets de cette politique d'harmonisation sur ses États membres et d'examiner l'application effective des mesures fiscales au sein de ces États. Cette étude met en lumière les réussites et les défis associés à cette stratégie d'harmonisation fiscale initiée par l’UEMOA. Bien que l'UEMOA ait réussi à établir un cadre normatif solide et ait atteint ses objectifs primaires d'harmonisation, le succès d'une politique fiscale se mesure à sa mise en oeuvre effective. À cet égard, les résultats sont nuancés. Il est impératif que l’UEMOA intensifie ses mécanismes de surveillance, de contrôle et de sanction, pour assurer une meilleure mise en oeuvre par ses États membres de sa politique fiscale communautaire. Parallèlement, une mise à jour de sa stratégie fiscale est nécessaire pour mieux répondre aux nouveaux défis nationaux des États membres, mais également aux défis internationaux, y compris ceux relatifs à la nouvelle gouvernance fiscale mondiale qui se met en place. En outre, certaines lacunes du système fiscal des États membres de l’UEMOA sont mises en exergue dans ce document. Pour garantir le succès de l'harmonisation fiscale, il est crucial que ces États renforcent leurs administrations fiscales, améliorent leur efficacité, et limitent les dépenses fiscales en rationnalisant les régimes dérogatoires et incitatifs qui entravent les objectifs communautaires et le bon fonctionnement du marché commun. Bien que quelques avancées notables aient été réalisées, il reste des domaines d'amélioration clés. Ce document est conclu par une feuille de route dressée pour l'UEMOA et ses États membres, soulignant les domaines sur lesquels des efforts concertés sont nécessaires pour maximiser l'efficacité de la politique fiscale régionale.
Makna Pengkhususan pada QS. al-Baqarah Ayat 256: Analisis Semiotika Charles Sanders
Authors: Yuviandze Bafri Zulliandi
Published: July 2024

This document analyzes the meaning of specialization in QS. al-Baqarah verse 256 on religious freedom using the semiotic framework of Charles Sanders Peirce. The author explains that Peirce's epistemology is built on four pillars: fallicanism, positive social encouragement, idealistic objectivity, and pragmatism. Peirce also developed the concepts of trichotomy and tripartity in analytic logic, which showed the existence of a set of three interrelated meanings in interpretation. In QS. al-Baqarah verse 256, there is a debate about the concept of religious freedom. Some scholars argue that there is no absolute freedom to change religions. The author of the article tries to analyze the specialization in the verse using 10 signs of Peirce's triadic sign, namely: rheme-icon-qualisign, rheme-icon-sinsign, rheme-index-sinsign, and so on. The analysis of the specialized meaning in verse 256 of QS. al-Baqarah using the semiotic approach of Charles Sanders Peirce reveals ambiguity in the interpretation and application of this verse. The verse emphasizes the absence  of  compulsion in religion  and the clear  distinction between the right path and the wrong path. The concept of religious freedom is examined through  Peirce's triadic approach, which helps to understand the complexity in the inter-pretation of religion.
A Right to a Male Curfew
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: July 2024

This article explores the case for a right to a male curfew. It argues the epidemic of male violence and harassment against women in public spaces is a major breach of women’s human rights. This generates an obligation on the state to protect women. The article substantiates that claim and explains why a male curfew would be a reasonable way for the state to fulfil its obligations and is therefore required unless an alternative can be found.
Against a Dark Background: The Prevention of Femicide Act 2023 and the Problem of Legislating for Control
Authors: Fletcher Ross
Published: July 2024

The plot device at the heart of Jayne Cowie’s 2022 novel After Dark is the Prevention of Femicide Act 2023, a (fictitious) piece of legislation enacted by Parliament in response to high-profile cases of gender-based violence, and implemented to prevent future occurrences of such crimes. The events of the novel demonstrate that this legislation proves to be flawed in several respects, not least in its failure to prevent the very crime that it was enacted to stop. In this article, I will look at the flaws evident in the legislation as depicted in the novel, and in doing so demonstrate the difficulties inherent in drafting legislation that aims to uphold the rights of one group while at the same time depriving a different group of their rights. I will highlight the formidable obstacles faced by real-world lawmakers in drafting legislation aimed at bringing about radical social change in the face of public hostility to that very change, and will ask whether it is the proper place of the legislature to attempt to effect such changes, or whether society itself ought rightly to be the vehicle for the radical change of mindset necessary to prevent crimes perpetrated by one group in society against another.
Imagens para não se ver
Authors: Pereira Fabrício Trindade
Published: July 2024

Nos anos 60, num gesto artístico insurgente, Alejandro Jodorowsky realiza o efímero pánico, Melodrama Sacramental. Mais de 50 anos depois, a partir de uma pesquisa sobre o multiartista chileno, Fabrício Trindade cria Ações cênicas do dia doze (2016) e Efêmero (2017). Este artigo tem como propósito desvelar possíveis aproximações entre as criações supracitadas, para demonstrar que, em consonância às ideias de Didi-Huberman (2010), elas se compõem de imagens que convocam o espectador a fechar os olhos para vê-las.
“Flipping” the pages of Children’s Literature: Flipped learning in pre-primary ELT teacher training
Authors: Torres Zúñiga Laura
Published: July 2024

Este artículo expone el proceso y resultados de la implantación del aprendizaje invertido ("flipped learning") en una asignatura de Literatura Infantil en Lengua Inglesa para futuras/os docentes de inglés de Educación Infantil en una universidad española. Aunque la adopción de esta metodología híbrida fue provocada por las restricciones impuestas durante los años de la pandemia, un análisis y comparación más profundos sobre las ventajas del aprendizaje invertido y las necesidades detectadas en el curso reveló el potencial de dicho enfoque para mejorar la experiencia y los resultados de nuestro estudiantado también a largo plazo. Tras dos cursos académicos, la revisión de las calificaciones y los resultados de una encuesta de satisfacción demuestran que el rendimiento académico ha mejorado y el método ha sido recibido positivamente por el estudiantado, aunque ciertas necesidades específicas de aprendizaje de los participantes requerirán de una consideración más atenta en futuras ediciones de la asignatura.
Los pódcast y la radio como herramientas en la formación de futuros educadores
Authors: Aguiar Perera M.ª Victoria , Santana Cabrera Esteban Gabriel , Alonso Sánchez José Alexis
Published: July 2024

Este estudio se realizó para determinar la actitud ante la introducción en las aulas del pódcast y la radio como herramientas educativas en estudiantes de los Grados de Educación Infantil y Educación Social, desde el curso 2017-18 al 2023-24. Se trabajaron diferentes competencias como la capacidad para el trabajo colaborativo. Se aplicó un cuestionario virtual con respuestas en una escala Likert de 0 nada a 5 mucho, que permitió conocer el grado de satisfacción con la experiencia y la estimación de la utilidad de ésta en el futuro. La mayoría mostró su predisposición a usar esta herramienta en el aula y valoró positivamente que se les facilitara otras para aplicarlas en la práctica profesional. Consideramos básico introducirlas en las aulas de los futuros maestros y educadores sociales, ya que es una oportunidad para enseñar y aprender de otra manera, más ajustada a la actual realidad de sus profesiones.
Advantages and disadvantages of coronary drug-eluting stent: a 23-year journey of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Rodriguez Alfredo E. , Mieres Juan , Rokos Juan M.
Published: July 2024

Introducing drug-eluting stents (DES2) significantly reduced target vessel revascularization (TVR), TVR-myocardial infarction (MI), and definitive stent thrombosis. Cardiac death in high-risk subgroups of lesions was also significantly reduced, and all of this is out of the discussion for the authors. However, that should be counterbalanced by the high incidence of spontaneous MI mainly due to early neo-atherosclerosis with DES. The finding of a high incidence of non-cardiac death observed in DES trials compared to coronary artery bypass grafting and optimal medical treatment is disturbing, and the reasons are unknown. Prompt action should be taken by the sponsors of the trials, scientific societies, and/or regulatory agencies to confirm or discard this intriguing observation. For now, it seems reasonable that DES2 should be indicated in all high-risk or high-complexity lesions; however, alternative strategies may be explored in all other scenarios until more information arrives. Time is running out.
The NCI-NIEHS new Cohorts for Environmental Exposures and Cancer Risk (CEECR) program
Authors: Mahabir Somdat , Boyles Abee , Sandquist Melanie , Dellavalle Curt , Lai Gabriel , Lam Tram K.
Published: July 2024

Environmental exposures are recognized risk factors for cancer etiology, but substantial gaps in knowledge remain, particularly regarding associations with emerging chemical exposures, underlying biological mechanisms of disease, and risk to racial/ethnic minorities and understudied populations. Exposures are complex due to the numerous mixtures in the environment, fluctuations over time, and different routes of exposure, all of which affect understanding of cancer risk. Additional gaps include the impact of exposures on carcinogenesis during critical biologically relevant life stages. To address these gaps, in September 2021, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) in collaboration with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) launched the Cohorts for Environmental Exposures and Cancer Risk (CEECR) program. CEECR supports five new large-scale population-based prospective cohort studies for six years to address the impacts of a broad range of environmental exposures on intermediate cancer biomarkers and cancer risk, leveraging innovative approaches and technologies for recruitment and exposure measures. These cohort studies range from 10,000 to 100,000 participants and are being conducted in California, Minnesota, Michigan, and several southeastern states in the United States. The CEECR program has great potential to fill gaps in our understanding of environmental factors and cancer etiology across multiple populations.
Laboratory Methods for Ill Liver Analyze
Authors: Chesca Antonella A
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to identify the best available evidences analyzing liver samples, normall and pathological. In the study were used liver samples, collected during necropsy, from healthy patients and from patients diagnosed with cirrhosis .This mentioned, are known as routinally practice for hepatitis C diagnosis, which conduct to hepatic cirrhosis. In this study direction, chronic liver diseases stimulate a degree of hepatocyte injury. So previously mentioned modifications, alters thet affect the liver architecture and finally ends in cirrhosis are well analyse on microscopic preparates. Folowing morphological steps, it is possible to analyse normal and alterate liver structure, on colored preparates.
Integrated Benefits to Agriculture with Trichoderma and Other Endophytic Microbes
Authors: Harman GARY E
Published: July 2024

The use of endophytic microbes is increasing in commercial agriculture. This review will describe the endophyte-plant relationship and the fungi and bacteria involved. Their abilities to alleviate biotic (diseases and pests) and abiotic stresses (drought, salt and flooding), remediate pollution and increase photosynthetic capabilities will be described. Their mechanisms of action will be elucidated. These frequently result in increased plant yields. Finally, methods and practices for formulation and commercial use will be described.
Adoption of Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies in the Construction Sector: Evidence from a Developing Country
Authors: Menegon-Lopes Julia , Silva Filho Luiz Carlos Pinto da
Published: July 2024

The fourth industrial revolution (4IR) can offer significant benefits to the construction sector, improving productivity, efficiency, collaborative efforts, and product quality while promoting safety and sustainability. However, research on the application of 4IR technologies in construction is scarce in developing countries. It is crucial to understand the ability of construction companies to adopt new technologies and identify factors influencing the success of technology implementation. In this study, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted with construction professionals to evaluate the level of technological development of the construction market in an emerging economy, assess the potential for innovation implementation, and identify factors that might influence technological development. Although respondents recognized the importance of digital transformation, the results showed that most innovations are in the early stages of implementation in the construction sector, particularly technologies that are essential for the consolidation of the 4IR. Understanding the factors underlying this reality can support the development of strategies to foster innovation and harness the advantages of the 4IR in the construction industry in developing countries.
Spectral- and Image-Based Metrics for Evaluating Cleaning Tests on Unvarnished Painted Surfaces
Authors: Cutajar Jan Dariusz , Steindal Calin Constantin , Caruso Francesco , Joseph Edith , Frøysaker Tine
Published: July 2024

Despite advances in conservation-restoration treatments, most surface cleaning tests are subjectively evaluated. Scores according to qualitative criteria are employed to assess results, but these can vary by user and context. This paper presents a range of cleaning efficacy and homogeneity evaluation metrics for appraising cleaning trials, which minimise user bias by measuring quantifiable changes in the appearance and characteristic spectral properties of surfaces. The metrics are based on various imaging techniques (optical imaging by photography using visible light (VIS); spectral imaging in the visible-to-near-infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) ranges; chemical imaging by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral mapping in the mid-infrared (MIR) range; and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) element mapping). They are complemented by appearance measurements (glossimetry and colorimetry). As a case study showcasing the low-cost to high-end metrics, agar gel spray cleaning tests on exposed ground and unvarnished oil paint mock-ups are reported. The evaluation metrics indicated that spraying agar (prepared with citric acid in ammonium hydroxide) at a surface-tailored pH was a safe candidate for efficacious and homogenous soiling removal on water-sensitive oil paint and protein-bound ground. Further research is required to identify a gel-based cleaning system for oil-bound grounds.
Sutureless Aortic Prosthesis Valves versus Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Intermediate Risk Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis: A Literature Review
Authors: Asta Laura , Sbrigata Adriana , Pisano Calogera
Published: July 2024

Aortic stenosis continues to be still the most frequently valvular pathology in the elderly population of the Western countries. According to the latest guidelines, the therapeutic choice of aortic stenosis depends on the age of the patient (<75 years or >75 years) and the risk class (STS-Prom/ Euroscore II < o > 4%). Therefore, if the surgical indication is clear in young and low risk patients and percutaneous treatment is the gold standard in older and high-risk patients, the therapeutic choice is still debated in intermediate-risk patients. In this group of patients the aortic valve stenosis treatment depends on the patient's global evaluation, on the experience of the center and no less important on the patient's will. Two main therapeutic options are debated: surgical aortic valve replacement with sutureless prosthesis versus transcatheter aortic valve implantation. In addition, the progressive development of mininvasive techniques for aortic valve surgery (right -anterior minitoracotomy) has also reduced the peri and post -operative risk in this group of patients. The goal of our review is to analyze the literature evidence of the best therapeutic choice in intermediate risk patients with severe aortic stenosis.
Optimizing DMF Utilization for Improved MXene Dispersions in Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Janjua Ayyaz Ali , Younas Muhammad , Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas , Shyha Islam , Faisal Nadimul Haque , Inam Fawad , Saharudin Mohd Shahneel
Published: July 2024

Dimethylformamide (DMF), a polar solvent, is commonly used for preparing graphene/epoxy nanocomposites. While commonly previous research has predominantly highlighted the improvement in physio-mechanical properties of these nanocomposites, the effect of DMF on processing and its direct influence on the final characteristics of MXene/epoxy nanocomposites have not been investigated.This unexplored link between DMF dosage, MXene concentrations, and the final composite properties presents an exciting direction for future research. In this study, a fixed dosage of DMF was used with varying MXene concentrations to fabricate the nanocomposites. To assess the reliability of DMF dosage on the characteristics of the fabricated nanocomposites, various evaluation techniques were employed, including dispersion evaluation, mechanical tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and surface roughness measurements. The research outcomes revealed that as MXene concentration increased, the characteristics of the MXene/epoxy nanocomposites, improved across the board, indicating their potential for use in energy storage applications.
Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient Prediction of a Spike Blunt Body Based on K-Nearest Neighbours.
Authors: Sanchez-Muñoz Jonathan Arturo , Lagarza-Cortés Christian , Ramírez-Cruz Jorge
Published: July 2024

One of the most used techniques for reducing drag on blunt bodies when they move at speeds above the speed of sound are spikes. An important number of numerical works based on CFD have highlighted the fluid dynamics behind its use, as well as its advantages. However, most of docu-mentation focuses mainly on modified spike physical properties, while keeping constant supersonic or hypersonic flow conditions. In this sense, it is necessary to resort to current numerical techniques as machine learning, which can be obtain the most appropriate technical solution in compared to the costly iterative simulations that can delay the rapid development and testing of new aerody-namic configurations. This investigation postulates a specific hypothesis: that the K-Nearest Neighbours algorithm, renowned for its simplicity and effectiveness in classification problems, can be extrapolated as a robust tool for predicting drag reduction on spike blunt bodies. A wide range of Mach number and aspect ratios between blunt body diameter, spike length, and spike diameter are used for the algorithm dataset. The algorithm presents good predictions of the coefficient with errors of less than 5% percent, applying a multivariable regression method. Even, in the vicinity of the hypersonic speed zone, with a minimum of 3 neighbour nodes. The above validates the flexibility of the method and shows a new area of opportunity for the calculation of aerodynamic properties in a body moving near or above the speed of sound.
Effects of biodiversity and its interactions on forest ecosystem multifunctionality
Authors: Li Jing
Published: July 2024

Keywords: Forest ecosystem; Biodiversity; Ecosystem multifunctionality
Research on Credit Risk Assessment Optimization Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Xuyang , Xu Lidong , Li Ningxin , Zou Jianke
Published: July 2024

Credit business is a vital part of the bank's core business, which has an extremely important impact on the bank's income and development. In the operation of credit business, credit risk assessment is particularly crucial, and accurate risk assessment can minimize risks while maximizing the bank's returns. We propose a method to optimize credit risk assessment using machine learning techniques. In this work, we employ a random forest machine learning model to process and analyze large amounts of loan application data. By using correlation analysis, information enrichment, etc., the characteristics that have the most impact on credit risk assessment are screened. Subsequently, the model was constructed using a random forest algorithm. Random forests improve the generalization ability and accuracy of the model by building multiple decision trees and introducing randomness between these trees. In the experimental analysis part, we compare the performance of various models on the German credit dataset, and the results show that the deep learning model outperforms the traditional machine learning model in most indicators, verifying the effectiveness of our method.
Statuary Qualities of White and Black Göktepe Identified in the Hispanic Valdetorres De Jarama Marble Collection
Authors: Lapuente Mercadal M. Pilar , Nogales-Basarrate Trinidad
Published: July 2024

This paper focuses on the role of the most common mineralogical techniques applied to the identification of the different statuary qualities in white, grey and black Göktepe marble. For this purpose, a Roman case of sculpture marble collection from the rural villa of Valdetorres de Jarama (central Iberia), of the 4th century AD, is presented. The mythological statuary, combining white, grey and black marbles, are one of the most outstanding marble collections in Aphrodisian style found in Hispania. The analytical results (Petrography, Cathodoluminescence, C and O isotopes, and Sr and Mn concentration) support the identification of two varieties of “black” Göktepe, traditionally named as bigio morato and bigo antico, as well as the best statuary quality on white Göktepe. In addition, the analytical identification of other Asiatic marbles in Valdetorres collection, a white coarse-grained originally from the quarries of Aphrodisias city and one small piece identified as Carian red from Iasos, corroborates the already suggested strong connection existing between artists and the stone material they chose for their works. Finally, it is noteworthy the identification carried out on the marble of the bases that served as seats for the sculptures, as it is a white marble of lower quality whose analytical characteristics are consistent with the Microasiatic marble of Denizli. The use of these exotic and exceptional raw materials confirms the taste for luxury and decorative richness in Late Antique Hispanic rural villae and contributes to a better understanding of the distribution of Aphrodisian productions in the Western Roman provinces.
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Clinical Salmonella Isolates From Cattle in the Texas Panhandle, USA
Authors: Chung Max , Dudley Ethan , Kittana Hatem , Thompson Alexis C , Scott Matthew , Norman Keri , Valeris-Chacin Robert
Published: July 2024

Rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Salmonella serotypes host-adapted to cattle is of increasing concern to the beef and dairy industry. The bulk of the existing literature focuses on AMR post-slaughter. In comparison, the understanding of AMR in Salmonella among pre-harvest cattle is still limited, particularly in Texas, which ranks top five in beef and dairy exports in the United States; inherently, the health of Texas cattle has nationwide implications for the health of the United States beef and dairy industry. In this study, long-read whole genome sequencing and bioinformatic methods were utilized to analyze antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in 98 isolates from beef and dairy cattle in the Texas Panhandle. Fisher exact tests and elastic net models accounting for population structure were used to infer associations between ARGs and antimicrobial phenotypic profiles and metadata. Gene mapping was also performed to assess the role of mobile genetic elements in harboring ARGs. ARG were found to be statistically different between the type of cattle operation and Salmonella serotypes. Beef operations were statistically significantly associated with more resistance genes compared to dairy operations. Salmonella Heidelberg, followed by Salmonella Dublin isolates, were associated with the most ARGs. Additionally, specific classes of ARGs were only present within mobile genetic elements.
A p53 Intron-Encoded lncRNA and the Maintenance of the Proliferative Undifferentiated State of Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: REISMAN DAVID , Postich Ella , Keating Savannah
Published: July 2024

Acute myeloid leukemias are characterized by genetic alterations that lead to a complete or partial block at various stages of myeloid differentiation, leading to continual proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. These alterations can include a well-documented chromosomal translocation that leads to the synthesis of the PML-retinoic acid receptor fusion protein that leads to a block in differentiation and the ability to induce differentiation with all-trans retinoic acid and other small molecules. In essence, in large part, the disease is due to stem cell-like cells that are blocked in their ability to undergo terminal differentiation to more mature, non-proliferative cell types. We discovered a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), lncRNAp53int1, encoded from the first intron of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Interestingly, lncRNAp53int1 appears to play an important regulatory role in maintaining the undifferentiated and proliferative state in a manner independent from p53 gene expression. lncRNAp53int1 is expressed at high levels in proliferating, undifferentiated promyelocytes and its levels fall significantly during their terminal differentiation to non-proliferating granulocytes or macrophages. Furthermore, forced overexpression of lncRNAp53int1 blocks terminal differentiation. The observation that the expression of this lncRNA is repressed during terminal differentiation of human leukemic cells and its expression blocks differentiation of leukemic myeloid progenitor cells, is likely to have clinical implications with regards to differentiation therapy for myeloid leukemia. Ongoing research aims to identify the molecular partners that it associates with and the signaling pathways that this lncRNA participates in with the long-term goal of identifying molecules that inhibit lncRNAp53int1 activity and serve as potential therapeutic drugs. The goal of this mini-review is to disseminate these novel and interesting findings to readers and to describe where we think this research is headed and the impact it can have on myeloid leukemias.
A Techno-Economic Assessment of DC Fast Charging Stations with Storage, Renewable Resources and Low-Power Grid Connection
Authors: Singh Gurpreet , D'Arpino Matilde , Goveas Terence
Published: July 2024

The growing demand for high-power DC Fast Charging (DCFC) stations for Electric Vehicles (EVs) is expected to lead to increased peak power demand and reduction of grid power quality. To maximize the economic benefits and station utilization under practical constraints set by regulatory authorities and DCFC station operators, this study explores and provides methods for connecting DCFC stations to the grid employing low power interconnection rules and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). The system uses automotive Second Life Batteries (SLBs) and Photovoltaic (PV) systems as energy buffers and local energy resource to support EV charging and improve the station techno-economic feasibility through load shifting and charge sustaining. The optimal sizing of the DERs and the selection of the grid interconnection topology is achieved by means of a Design Space Exploration (DSE) by means of exhaustive search approach to maximize the economic benefits of the charging station and to mitigate high-power demand to the grid. Without loosing of generality, this study considers a range of DER sizes, grid interconnection specifications, and related electricity tariffs of American Electric Power (AEP) Ohio and the Public Utility Commission of Ohio (PUCO). Various scenarios and strategies have been defined to account for the interconnection requirements of the grid to the DCFC with DERs. The system’s techno-economic performance of different scenarios has been analyzed and compared using a multitude of metrics.
Superior In Vitro Differentiation of Antigen-Presenting Cells with GM-CSF Compared to L-929 Supernatant in Mouse Bone Marrow Cultures
Authors: Cordeiro Gabriel da Silva , de Mato Felipe Cezar Pinheiro , Bonfanti Amanda Pires , Verinaud Liana , Carneiro Catarina Rapôso Dias
Published: July 2024

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are essential for modulating immune responses, and optimizing their differentiation protocols is critical for cell-based immunotherapies. This study compares eight different protocols for differentiating APCs from C57BL/6J mice using GM-CSF and L-929 supernatant. Four groups treated with GM-CSF and four with L-929 supernatant at various concentrations, alongside a control group were evaluated. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of key markers, including MHC II, CD11c, F4/80, and CD11b. Our findings show that GM-CSF resulted in superior differentiation outcomes compared to L-929 supernatant, with higher expression levels of the analyzed markers. This study underscores the importance of considering both cell yield and protein expression quality in selecting differentiation protocols. For researchers developing therapies targeting specific cell populations, these findings demonstrate how different culture conditions influences both the quantity and phenotypic characteristics of differentiated cells. Balancing efficiency and phenotypic fidelity is crucial for optimizing cell-based immunotherapy strategies. Our data provide a valuable reference for future studies and applications involving APC differentiation from bone marrow precursors, ensuring robust foundations for developing advanced immunotherapies. This comprehensive comparison of differentiation protocols offers insights essential for enhancing the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of cell-based therapies.
The AMR Pandemic Is Here: Implementation Challenges and Need of the One Health Approach
Authors: Ponzo Elena , De Gaetano Silvia , Midiri Angelina , Mancuso Giuseppe , Presti Giovanna , Danna Giuliana , Zummo Sebastiana , Biondo Carmelo
Published: July 2024

The issue of antibiotic resistance represents a significant threat that extends beyond human health, encompassing animal welfare and the sustainability of the natural environment. The inappropriate use of antibiotics, poor sanitation and inadequate control measures, have contributed to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, which can spread at the human-animal-environment interface. The documented presence of antimicrobials in agriculture, veterinary medicine and human medicine has convinced all stakeholders of the need to contribute to the development of a "One Health" approach, which recognises the interrelationships between animals, humans and their environment and the need to adopt a common strategy encompassing these sectors to limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Although a number of countries have implemented integrated surveillance systems to monitor antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance, available data suggest that the use of antibiotics in humans, animals and the environment is increasing worldwide. Consequently, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens is becoming a recurring concern. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the measures that are necessary to be taken and implemented in order to guarantee global health security.
Challenges of Exhibiting Ethnographic Costumes: Interinstitutional Project of Replacing Display Mannequins in Ethnographic Museum of Dubrovnik
Authors: Jemo Danijela , Margaretić Barbara , Kodrič Kesovia Mateo Miguel
Published: July 2024

The Ethnographic Museum in Dubrovnik holds an extensive textile collection that includes a range of dress and costume from Croatia and neighbouring countries. Until recently, the costumes were displayed on mannequins created by the academic artist Zvonimir Lončarić (1927–2004). His sculptures are expressive forms constructed from terracotta, fibreglass, wood, metal, acrylic paint and other materials selected for their visual appeal. Due to their importance, the museum considered the mannequins as protected artworks in the permanent exhibition, however, they had a harmful effect on the costumes displayed. In 2018, after completing a series of conservation-restoration projects within the collection, it was decided to replace the existing mounts with new, museum–quality mannequins. Two project–based learning workshops were organised, led by a team of textile conservators from the University of Dubrovnik and the Croatian Conservation Institute, in cooperation with the curator of the Ethnographic Museum. This case study highlights the challenges of exhibiting ethnographic costumes by discussing past presentation methods and how new solutions have been implemented conforming with the modern conservation-restoration profession. The new solutions consider ethics, decision–making processes, and the understanding of contemporary materials and methodology.
Feeling Connected to Nature Attenuates the Association Between Complicated Grief and Mental Health
Authors: Schony Madison , Mischkowski Dominik
Published: July 2024

Complicated grief (CG) predicts decreased mental health over time. Furthermore, feeling connected to nature (CN) is positively associated with beneficial mental health outcomes, such as psychological wellbeing and perceived psychological resilience. Thus, we hypothesized that CN moderates the association between general grief or CG and negative mental health for bereaved people. Further, we hypothesized that one’s physical exposure to nature—that is, estimated time spent in nature and greenness (i.e., vegetation) surrounding one’s residential area—might moderate the association between general grief or CG and negative mental health for bereaved people. To test these hypotheses, we sampled 153 participants who experienced the death of a close other by COVID-19 infection. Participants reported CG, general grief, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, CN, estimated time spent in nature, and residential area postal code via a single online survey. We estimated greenness surrounding participants’ residential areas using their self-reported 5-digit U.S. postal code. Cross-sectional analyses indicated that, as predicted, CN attenuated the association between CG and depression, but only trended toward moderating the association between CG and anxiety and did not moderate the associations between general grief and depression or anxiety. Other variables related to the experience of nature—the estimated time an individual spends in nature and the greenness surrounding one’s residential area—did not moderate the association between general grief or CG and depression or anxiety. We thus conclude that a sense of feeling connected to nature—not simply spending more time in nature or being surrounded by nature—may serve an important role in the mental health status of people experiencing complicated grief, perhaps because CN replenishes general belonging when someone significant has passed away.
Vertical Shear, Diapycnal Shear and the Gradient Richardson Number
Authors: Pelegrí Josep L. , Claret Mariona , Sangrà Pablo
Published: July 2024

In vertical coordinates, (x,y,z), the gradient Richardson number Ri=N^2⁄S^2 is the square of the ratio between buoyancy frequency N and vertical-shear amplitude S, where N^2=-(g⁄ρ) ∂ρ⁄∂z and S^2=(∂u⁄∂z)^2+ (∂v⁄∂z)^2, with ρ potential density, (u,v) the horizontal velocity components and g gravity acceleration, so that a decrease in stratification brings a decrease in dynamic stability and vice versa. In the isopycnic coordinate system, (x,y,ρ), however, Ri=M^2⁄〖S_ρ〗^2 , is the ratio between 〖M^2≡N〗^(-2) and the squared diapycnal shear 〖S_ρ〗^2=(ρ⁄g)^2 [(∂u⁄∂ρ)^2+ (∂v⁄∂ρ)^2 ], so a decrease in stratification leads to an increase in dynamic stability and vice versa. The apparently different role of stratification arises because S and S_ρ are related through the stratification itself, S_ρ=S⁄N^2 or, equivalently, τ=〖t_o〗^2⁄t_d , which is interpreted as a natural oscillation time τ≡S_ρ that equals the buoyancy or oscillation time t_o=N^(-1) normalized by the ratio t_o⁄t_d , where the deformation time is t_d=S^(-1). Here we follow simple arguments and use field data from three different situations (island shelf-break, Gulf Stream and Mediterranean outflow) to endorse the usefulness of the isopycnal approach. In particular, we define the reduced squared vertical σ^2= S^2-N^2 and reduced squared diapycnal shear 〖σ_ρ〗^2= 〖S_ρ〗^2-M^2, which are positive for unstable conditions and negative for stable conditions. It turns out that Ri and σ^2 remain highly variable for all stratification conditions; in contrast, the mean 〖σ_ρ〗^2 values display a univocal tendency, its magnitude decreasing with stratification. We propose 〖σ_ρ〗^2 and 〖S_ρ〗^2 to be good indexes for the occurrence of effective mixing under high stratification conditions.
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction with Special Reference to Restaurants
Authors: Vasani Suresh V. , Thakarar Nishita T. , Mahdi Abdulkareem Ahmed
Published: July 2024

In the foodservice industry, clients judge not only the product standard but also the service quality they receive during their restaurant experience. Therefore, when the importance of the dining experience is strongly regarded by consumers in terms of intellectual and motivational attributes, they are happier to suggest the establishment to others. The main objective of this research is to study the influence of different service quality factors in restaurants and their impact on customer satisfaction. This research is also undertaken to evaluate the identification of important factors for the restaurant industry and the levels of service quality among customers satisfaction with the services offered by restaurants in India. As factor analysis, correlation, and regression research, this study was conducted using a modified IBM SPSS Statistics 24 and AMOS instrument among the 630 randomly selected customers. A weighted mean was used to describe the levels of service quality and customer satisfaction. Multiple regressions were used to determine the predictors of customer satisfaction. The results reveal the main 12 service quality factors, which are: 1. Process-related factors: system for take-away orders, order tracking system, and time for food preparation 2. People-related factors: focus on customers' special requests, peer group influence, and making you feel special. 3. Physical Environment: Walking Space, Architecture of the Restaurant, and Signals for Direction 4. Performance-related factors: food served at an appropriate temperature; food presentation; portion size of food in the restaurant. The researchers have developed one model on service quality factors that is described in the research paper.
Optimizing AI-Driven Disaster Management through LLMs
Authors: Chen Wei , Fang Jiing
Published: July 2024

Disaster issue consultation is crucial for effective emergency management, requiring timely and accurate information to support decision-making processes. This paper explores the integration of large language models (LLMs) with advanced prompt engineering to enhance the performance of AI systems in disaster management. We propose a novel multi-round prompt engineering approach that guides LLMs to iteratively refine their responses based on evolving disaster scenarios. Our method leverages diverse disaster-related datasets and employs a combination of accuracy metrics and a customized GPT-4 scoring system for evaluation. We conduct comprehensive experiments across multiple LLM platforms, including Qwen2, ChatGPT, Claude, and GPT-4, comparing our approach with baseline models and the Tree of Thoughts (ToT) method. The results demonstrate significant improvements in both accuracy and response quality, highlighting the effectiveness of our method in providing contextually relevant and actionable insights. Additional analysis confirms the robustness and generalizability of our approach across various disaster scenarios, establishing it as a valuable tool for enhancing disaster management practices.
The Effects of Egg- and Substrate-Associated Microbiota on the Larval Performance of the Housefly, Musca domestica
Authors: Dyrholm Rasmus Majland , Simonsen Pernille Arent , Pertoldi Cino , Schou Toke Munk , Muurmann Asmus Toftkær , Bahrndorff Simon
Published: July 2024

Increasing population size and income growth are causing and increasing demand for food and protein of animal origin. Insects are an interesting alternative to conventional animal source proteins as they can convert by-products from the agricultural industry to biomass for commercial feed for livestock and potentially as a food source for human consumption. Microorganisms have been found to affect insects and can be accumulated via horizontal and vertical transmission. This study aimed to identify if the removal of egg- and substrate-associated microorganisms impact larval performance through the following parameters: development of biomass, final biomass, and the survival rate of house fly (Musca domestica) larvae. Four treatments were tested on substrate consisting of 10.81% alfalfa (Medicago sativa), 21.62% wheat bran (Triticum aestivum), and 67.57% water: (A) disinfected eggs and non-autoclaved substrate, (B) non-disinfected eggs and autoclaved substrate, (C) disinfected eggs and autoclaved substrate, and (D) a control without any removal of microbiota. The results showed a significant decrease in final biomass for the treatments with only disinfected eggs, only autoclaved substrate and both when comparing to the control, and a significant decrease in survival rate for B and D. Moreover, the development of biomass showed a significant difference between days within all treatments. Together this suggest that microorganisms of housefly eggs and the growth substrate plays an important role for growth, which is critical in commercial insect production. Further studies must be performed to examine these parameters in more commercially relevant substrates.