bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in Quantum Optoelectronics: Quantum Confinement and Beyond
Authors: Chemla Daniel
Published: February 2023

Looking beyond the capabilities of the current generation of quantum confined heterostructures, we discuss potential approaches for molecular level design, synthesis, processing and interconnection of new functional materials and structures.
Optical Probing of Mesoscopic and Nano-Structures
Authors: Arakawa Yasuhiko
Published: February 2023

We investigate the dynamics of 2D electrons in mesoscopic and point-contact structures using a micro-photoluminescence probing technique. NSOM observation of photoluminescence from quantum dots is also demonstrated.
Fabrication of Resonant Tunneling Diodes for Switching Applications
Authors: Diamond S.K. , Özbay E. , Rodwell M.J.W. , Bloom D.M. , Pao Y. C. , Wolak E. , Harris J.S.
Published: February 2023

For digital circuit applications such as binary and multi-level logic circuits, device isolation is required to integrate several devices on chip. Microwave circuit applications such as mixers, and frequency multipliers require a low loss nonconducting substrate for on-chip integrations of high quality transmission lines and other passive microwave structures. We have demonstrated a fabrication process which produces high quality RTD’s with a maximum frequency of oscillation above 200 GHz in a process suitable for switching applications, integrations of devices and microwave structures
Applications of Ultrafast Laser Diodes in Synchronous Optical Networks (Invited)
Authors: Delfyett Peter J.
Published: February 2023

Compact and efficient sources of high power ultrafast optical pulses are needed to incorporate high speed optical information processing techniques into future photonic networks. In this paper, the robust timing stability associated with optical mode-locked pulse trains from semiconductor diode lasers is examined as an alternative to standard methods of providing synchronous timing signals in future photonic networks. Here, it is demonstrated how these sources may play a role in several photonic network scenarios, such as optical clock distribution, photonic network synchronization, and all optical clock recovery.
The Uses of Raman Scattering for the Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Properties of Meteorological Significance
Authors: Cooney John A.
Published: February 2023

A short historical review is presented at the outset. The background theory of the Raman effect is reviewed including the details of the origin of the specific spectra which are of greatest interest. The important cross sections are tabulated along with the line assignments of the various spectra associated with atmospheric constituents of meteorological interest. In addition the theory of the laser radar operation is presented along with a discussion of the various phenomena which contribute to signal/noise problems. This includes not only the usual sources of statistical noise such as shot noise from the photodetector and background sky noise, but consideration is given to the sources of systematic errors which are often neglected. This latter consideration permits discussion of error on the received signal as well as that of the meteorological parameters themselves.
Programmable Fabry-Perot Spectrometer for Twilight Emission Observations
Authors: Gault W.A. , Wiens R.H. , Koehler R.A. , Shepherd G.G.
Published: February 2023

A meridian scanning photometer of 0.02 nm bandpass employs narrow band interference filters and a microprocessor controlled etalon. Random or sequential sky and wavelength scans are possible.
A Simple Multispectral Technique for Snow/Cloud and Cloud Thermodynamic Phase Discrimination
Authors: Dodd J. K. , Escoe D.
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the theoretical foundation and observational verification of a simple multi-spectral technique for determining the thermodynamic phase of clouds and discriminating clouds from snow and ice-covered surfaces. The need to identify clouds and determine their phase in remotely sensed imagery is an obvious one. At present there is no relatively simple and accurate automated technique for doing so. The technique described here is offered as one means of solving the problem for daylight observations.
Analysis of Simulated Satellite Occultation Data*
Authors: Shaffer W. A. , Shaw J. H.
Published: February 2023

It is expected that high-resoltuion, solar-occultation, infrared spectra obtained from satellite-borne instruments will allow simultaneous measurements of the vertical mixing ratio profiles of many atmospheric gases. Any method used to retrieve these profiles should maintain the vertical resolution of the experimental data.
Electro-Optic Phase Modulation Applied to Correlation Spectroscopy
Authors: Margolis Jack S. , McCleese Daniel J.
Published: February 2023

Conventional correlation spectroscopic methods usually require some mechanical motion, e.g. rotating reflecting light choppers, the interchange of reference and empty absorption cells or a pressure modulator. We will describe here an electro-optical method of light modulation which permits correlation-spectroscopic measurements to be made without mechanical motions. The problems of maintaining optical and electronic balance during the measurements do not occur with this new approach. An interesting feature of the electro-optical modulation technique is that it can be made to allow for a Doppler shift between the sample and reference cell; this permits measurements of the earth′s atmosphere to be made from earth orbiting satellites where the Doppler shift may amount to several thermal absorption line half-widths depending on the relative orientation of the spacecraft velocity and the field of view. A Doppler shift comparable to or greater than the half-width of the lines being observed has a profound effect on the spectral correlation. This would make conventional correlation spectroscopy of the stratosphere impossible. The method of Doppler shift compensation also makes possible the determination of that Doppler shift and, therefore, the relative velocity; this provides for the possibility of measuring wind in the atmosphere as will be described in another paper given at this meeting. Finally, the electro-optical modulation technique permits a satellite borne radiometer to determine the thermal profile of the stratosphere in an improved fashion to the pressure modulated radiometer technique.
The Laser-Induced Fluorescence Detection of Large Organic Molecules
Authors: Quigley G. P. , Danen W. C.
Published: February 2023

There is a growing need to detect complex molecules under a variety of environmental conditions. The following are pertinent examples of this problem: 1. Carcinogenic aromatic effluents from coal conversion plants; 2. Chemical warfare agents in the battlefield; 3. Toxic chemicals leaching into the water supply; and 4. Aromatic drug precursors in the vicinity of clandestine stills.
Emissions From Photoexcitation of Small Particles Produced by Ozone-Hydrocarbon Reactions*
Authors: Day R. L. , Lee L. C.
Published: February 2023

Recently, we have established a research program to investigate the optical excitation processes of small aerosol particles. This investigation will give information for understanding the aerosol formation mechanisms and also for developing optical methods to detect atmospheric aerosol particles.
IR Balloon-Borne Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Species
Authors: Murcray David G. , Goldman Aaron , Kosters John J. , Murcray Frank H. , Murcray Frank J.
Published: February 2023

Many compounds of interest in stratospheric chemistry have strong infrared absorption bands. Data concerning their altitude distribution have been obtained using balloon-borne instruments to gather solar occultation and atmospheric limb emission spectra in the middle infrared. Specific examples are given illustrating the capabilities and limitations of the techniques.
The Coherence of the Source in Laser Beam Propagation
Authors: Plonus M. A. , Baykal Y. , Wang S. J.
Published: February 2023

In our formulation spatial and temporal coherence effects of the source are assumed to be separable. The random source phase due to spatial coherence is introduced as where a is a random phase shift, b is a random phase tilt and s is the source coordinate. The mutual source coherence function can then be expressed as where Gaussian statistics are assumed and
ρs2=1/〈b2〉 is a measure of spatial coherence; the source tends to an incoherent one as ρs → 0 and towards a coherent one as ρs > αs where αs is the size of the source.
Effects of Error in the CO Inferral Technique as a Function of GFCR Instrument Parameters
Authors: Wallio H. Andrew , Gormsen Barbara B.
Published: February 2023

A program to measure the global distribution of carbon monoxide using remote sensing methods is being carried out at the NASA Langley Research Center. This program has progressed from the study phase through instrument development and flight tests aboard aircraft and Space Shuttle.
Laboratory Studies of Absorption Line Strengths
Authors: Hunt Robert H.
Published: February 2023

Recent and planned spectroscopic studies of our atmosphere stress the observation of individual molecular absorption or emission lines at the highest possible resolution. Such studies presume the availability of accurately measured line positions, strengths, and widths for the various molecules involved as determined from laboratory data. The determination of line widths and positions are the subject of other papers at this meeting. A discussion of some of the approaches to line strength measurements in the laboratory and the interpretation of such measurements form the subject of the present paper.
Current Capabilities in the Modeling of Infrared Limb Emission
Authors: Bailey Paul L.
Published: February 2023

Accurate models of infrared limb emissions are required to interpret measured limb radiance profiles in terms of atmospheric temperatures, densities and composition. Measurements of infrared limb emission made by the Nimbus 7 LIMS experiment will be compared to calculated emission profiles based on nearly simultaneous measurements of temperature and composition. Uncertainties in spectroscopic data as well as in the in-situ measurements and how they affect the comparability will be discussed.
Spectroscopic Issues Related to Trace Gas Measurements in the Stratosphere Using the FM-Modulated Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectrometer
Authors: Poultney S.K. , Pires A. , Chen D.
Published: February 2023

The fm-modulated tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer has been shown to be capable of detecting fractional absorptions of 1 part in 105 for NO under stratospheric conditions.1 This capability implies that trace species concentrations as low as 108 molecules/ cm3 can be detected at 32 Km in conjunction with absorption path lengths of 100m. The filtering properties of the fm/2nd harmonic detection tech nique which make these measurements possible2 also distort the IR signature being detected and make calibration of the measurement necessary. Calibration of fractional absorption is most generally accomplished through the use of calibration cells containing a known amount of gas under known, constant conditions. The trace gases being studied in the stratosphere are subject to a wide range of pressure and temperature conditions. The interplay of distortion, variation of ambient conditions, and calibration technique make interpretation of detected signatures complex. This interpretation can be made more certain by selecting appropriate lines when possible, by recording the ambient conditions of each measurement, and by drawing upon a high resolution spectroscopic data base for each species being studied.
Atmospheric Diagnostic Studies on the Spectrum of Daylight
Authors: Nicholls R.W. , Peterson R.N. , Bunn F.E.
Published: February 2023

Regular daily measurements have been made on the zenith and S.horizon spectrum of daylight since June 1977 from the Atmospheric Observatory of CRESS. The measurements are made in support of research programmes on, a) solar radiation in an urban environment, and b) quantitative diagnosis of the physical and chemical nature of urban hazes.
Subsurface Damage in Optically Worked Glass
Authors: Parks Robert E.
Published: February 2023

This paper is a summary of a conference on subsurface damage in glass that was held in Tucson in April, 1989 by the American Society for Precision Engineering. The conference was held to see if there was a consensus that subsurface damage did exist and did affect optical system performance. The answer was yes in both cases. Additional papers discussed methods of detecting subsurface damage and means of minimizing subsurface damage (SSD).
The Physics of Felt: or One View of the Evolution of Optical Finishing Science
Authors: Evans Chris
Published: February 2023

For some the "science of optical finishing" is an oxymoron. Others see the convergence of disparate cultures - and desperate manufacturers. This talk aims to pose questions, not offer any answers.
Spectral Holeburning in Rare-Earth Doped Solids
Authors: Macfarlane R. M.
Published: February 2023

Spectral holeburning in rare-earth doped solids was first observed in Pr3+:LaF3 in 1977 and since then a large number of observations have been made using a wide variety of mechanisms for the holeburning process. We will review some of the highlights of this work under several headings and include recent results on time domain measurements of hole profiles in Pr3+ and Er3+ systems.
Prevalence of human infection with respiratory adenovirus in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Mei-Chen , Xu Qiang , Li Ting-Ting , Wang Tao , Jiang Bao-Gui , Lv Chen-Long , Zhang Xiao-Ai , Liu Wei , Fang Li-Qun
Published: February 2023

Background

Human adenovirus (HAdV) is a major pathogen that causes acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) and is frequently associated with outbreaks. The HAdV prevalence and the predominant types responsible for ARTI outbreaks remains obscure in China.

Methods

A systematic review was performed to retrieve literature that reported outbreaks or etiological surveillance of HAdV among ARTI patients in China from 2009 to 2020. Patient information was extracted from the literature to explore the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of the infection of various HAdV types. The study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022303015.

Results

A total of 950 articles (91 about outbreaks and 859 about etiological surveillance) meeting the selection criteria were included. Predominant HAdV types from etiological surveillance studies differed from those in outbreak events. Among 859 hospital-based etiological surveillance studies, positive detection rates of HAdV-3 (32.73%) and HAdV-7 (27.48%) were significantly higher than other virus types. While nearly half (45.71%) of outbreaks were caused by HAdV-7 with an overall attack rate of 22.32% among the 70 outbreaks for which the HAdVs were typed by the meta-analysis. Military camp and school were main outbreak settings with significantly different seasonal pattern and attack rate, where HAdV-55 and HAdV-7 were identified as the leading type, respectively. Clinical manifestations mainly depended on the HAdV types and patient’s age. HAdV-55 infection tends to develop into pneumonia with poorer prognosis, especially in children <5 years old.

Conclusions

This study improves the understanding of epidemiological and clinical features of HAdV infections and outbreaks with different virus types, and helps to inform future surveillance and control efforts in different settings.
The current state of international research on the effectiveness of school nurses in promoting the health of children and adolescents: An overview of reviews
Authors: Pawils Silke , Heumann Susanne , Schneider Sophie Alina , Metzner Franka , Mays Daniel
Published: February 2023

Objective

School nurses are engaging worldwide to promote and protect children’s health. Many researchers who examined the effectiveness of the school nurse criticized the inadequate methodology employed in many of the studies. We therefore carried out an evaluation on the effectiveness of school nurses based on a rigorous methodological approach.

Methods

In this overview of reviews we performed an electronic databank search and global research results on the effectiveness of school nurses were sought. We identified 1,494 records through database search. Abstracts and full texts were screened and summarized using the dual control principle. We summarized the aspects of quality criteria as well as the significance of the effectiveness of the school nurse. In the first step, k = 16 systematic reviews were summarized and evaluated following the AMSTAR-2 guidelines. In a second step, j = 357 primary studies included in these k = 16 reviews were summarized and assessed following the GRADE guidelines.

Results

Research results on the effectiveness of school nurses show that school nurses play a key role in improving the health of children with asthma (j = 6) and diabetes (j = 2), results on combating obesity are less certain (j = 6). The quality of identified reviews is mostly very low with only six studies of medium quality, of which one identified as a meta-analysis. A total of j = 289 primary studies were identified. Approximately 25% (j = 74) of identified primary studies were either randomized controlled trials (RCT) or observational studies, of which roughly 20% (j = 16) had a low risk of bias. Studies with physiological variables such as blood glucose or asthma labeling led to higher quality results.

Conclusion

This paper represents an initial contribution and recommends further evaluation of the effectiveness of school nurses, particularly in the areas of mental health or children from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The general lack of quality standards in school nursing research should be integrated into the scientific discourse of school nursing researchers to provide robust evidence for policy planners and researchers.
Factors associated with resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection discovered using large-scale medical record data and machine learning
Authors: Yang Kai-Wen K. , Paris Chloé F. , Gorman Kevin T. , Rattsev Ilia , Yoo Rebecca H. , Chen Yijia , Desman Jacob M. , Wei Tony Y. , Greenstein Joseph L. , Taylor Casey Overby , Ray Stuart C.
Published: February 2023

There have been over 621 million cases of COVID-19 worldwide with over 6.5 million deaths. Despite the high secondary attack rate of COVID-19 in shared households, some exposed individuals do not contract the virus. In addition, little is known about whether the occurrence of COVID-19 resistance differs among people by health characteristics as stored in the electronic health records (EHR). In this retrospective analysis, we develop a statistical model to predict COVID-19 resistance in 8,536 individuals with prior COVID-19 exposure using demographics, diagnostic codes, outpatient medication orders, and count of Elixhauser comorbidities in EHR data from the COVID-19 Precision Medicine Platform Registry. Cluster analyses identified 5 patterns of diagnostic codes that distinguished resistant from non-resistant patients in our study population. In addition, our models showed modest performance in predicting COVID-19 resistance (best performing model AUROC = 0.61). Monte Carlo simulations conducted indicated that the AUROC results are statistically significant (p < 0.001) for the testing set. We hope to validate the features found to be associated with resistance/non-resistance through more advanced association studies.
Impairment-based assessments for patients with lateral ankle sprain: A systematic review of measurement properties
Authors: Schurz Alexander Philipp , Wagemans Jente , Bleakley Chris , Kuppens Kevin , Vissers Dirk , Taeymans Jan
Published: February 2023

Study design

Systematic review.

Background and objective

The International Ankle Consortium developed a core outcome set for the assessment of impairments in patients with lateral ankle sprain (LAS) without consideration of measurement properties (MP). Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate MPs of assessments for the evaluation of individuals with a history of LAS.

Methods

This systematic review of measurement properties follows PRISMA and COSMIN guidelines. Databases Pubmed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and SPORTDiscus were searched for eligible studies (last search: July 2022). Studies on MP of specific tests and patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs) in patients with acute and history of LAS (>4 weeks post injury) were deemed eligible.

Results

Ten studies of acute LAS and 39 studies of history of LAS patients with a total of 3313 participants met the inclusion criteria. Anterior Drawer Test (ADT) in supine position five days post injury and Reverse Anterolateral Drawer Test are recommended in acute settings in single studies. In the history of LAS patients, Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) (4 studies) as a PROM, Multiple Hop (3 studies) and Star Excursion Balance Tests (SEBT) (3 studies) for dynamic postural balance testing showed good MPs. No studies investigated pain, physical activity level and gait. Only single studies reported on swelling, range of motion, strength, arthrokinematics, and static postural balance. Limited data existed on responsiveness of the tests in both subgroups.

Conclusion

There was good evidence to support the use of CAIT as PROM, Multiple Hop, and SEBT for dynamic postural balance testing. Insufficient evidence exists in relation to test responsiveness, especially in the acute situation. Future research should assess MPs of assessments of other impairments associated with LAS.
From sunrise to sunset: Exploring landscape preference through global reactions to ephemeral events captured in georeferenced social media
Authors: Dunkel Alexander , Hartmann Maximilian C. , Hauthal Eva , Burghardt Dirk , Purves Ross S.
Published: February 2023

Events profoundly influence human-environment interactions. Through repetition, some events manifest and amplify collective behavioral traits, which significantly affects landscapes and their use, meaning, and value. However, the majority of research on reaction to events focuses on case studies, based on spatial subsets of data. This makes it difficult to put observations into context and to isolate sources of noise or bias found in data. As a result, inclusion of perceived aesthetic values, for example, in cultural ecosystem services, as a means to protect and develop landscapes, remains problematic. In this work, we focus on human behavior worldwide by exploring global reactions to sunset and sunrise using two datasets collected from Instagram and Flickr. By focusing on the consistency and reproducibility of results across these datasets, our goal is to contribute to the development of more robust methods for identifying landscape preference using geo-social media data, while also exploring motivations for photographing these particular events. Based on a four facet context model, reactions to sunset and sunrise are explored for Where, Who, What, and When. We further compare reactions across different groups, with the aim of quantifying differences in behavior and information spread. Our results suggest that a balanced assessment of landscape preference across different regions and datasets is possible, which strengthens representativity and exploring the How and Why in particular event contexts. The process of analysis is fully documented, allowing transparent replication and adoption to other events or datasets.
Cranial trephination and infectious disease in the Eastern Mediterranean: The evidence from two elite brothers from Late Bronze Megiddo, Israel
Authors: Kalisher Rachel , Cradic Melissa S. , Adams Matthew J. , Martin Mario A. S. , Finkelstein Israel
Published: February 2023

Here we present the paleopathological profiles of two young adult males, identified as brothers through ancient DNA analysis, who were buried together beneath the floor of an elite early Late Bronze Age I (ca. 1550–1450 BC) domestic structure at the urban center of Megiddo (modern Israel). Both individuals displayed uncommon morphological variants related to developmental conditions, and each exhibited extensive bone remodeling consistent with chronic infectious disease. Additionally, one brother had a healed fracture of the nose, as well as a large square piece of bone cut from the frontal bone (cranial trephination). We consider the potential etiologies for the appearance of the skeletal anomalies and lesions. Based on the bioarchaeological context, we propose that a shared epigenetic landscape predisposed the brothers to acquiring an infectious disease and their elite status privileged them enough to endure it. We then contextualize these potential illnesses and disorders with the trephination procedure. The infrequency of trephination in the region indicates that only selected individuals could access such a procedure, and the severity of the pathological lesions suggests the procedure was possibly intended as curative to deteriorating health. Ultimately, both brothers were buried with the same rites as others in their community, thus demonstrating their continued integration in society even after death.
Transcriptomic analysis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens obtained from Black and White patients
Authors: Biel Thomas G. , Petrovskaya Svetlana , Mascia Francesca , Ju Tongzhong , Fashoyin-Aje Lola , Herremans Kelly M. , Riner Andrea N. , Underwood Patrick W. , Gerber Michael H. , Donoghue Martha , Trevino Jose G. , Rao V. Ashutosh
Published: February 2023

In pancreatic cancer clinical trials, Black patients are under-represented while having higher morbidity and mortality rates as compared to other racial groups. Multiple factors, including socioeconomic and lifestyle factors may contribute to this disparity, but genomic contributions remain unclear. In an exploratory project to identify genes that may contribute to differences in survival between Black (n = 8) and White (n = 20) patients with pancreatic cancer, transcriptomic sequencing of over 24,900 genes was performed in human pancreatic tumor and non-tumor tissue obtained from Black and White patients. Over 4,400 genes were differentially expressed in tumor and non-tumor tissue, irrespective of race. To validate these results, the expression of four genes (AGR2, POSTN, TFF1, and CP) reported to be up-regulated in pancreatic tumor tissue as compared to non-tumor tissue were confirmed using quantitative PCR. Transcriptomic analysis that compared pancreatic tumor tissue from Black and White patients revealed differential expression in 1,200 genes, while a comparison of the non-tumor and tumor gene expression differences within each race revealed over 1,500 tumor-specific differentially expressed genes in pancreatic tumor and non-tumor tissue from Black patients. We identifiedTSPAN8as a potential tumor-specific gene significantly overexpressed in pancreatic tumor tissue in Black patients as compared to White patients. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software to compare the race-associated gene expression profiles, over 40 canonical pathways were identified to be potentially impacted by the gene expression differences between the races. Heightened expression of TSPAN8 was associated with poor overall survival, suggesting TSPAN8 as one potential genetic factor contributing to the differential outcomes in Black patients with pancreatic cancer, supporting the potential utility of larger genomic studies to further explore the role of TSPAN8 in pancreatic cancer.
Osteo-pathological analysis provides evidence for a survived historical ship strike in a Southern Hemisphere fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus)
Authors: Daume Hannah Viola , Herr Helena , Mallison Heinrich , Glaubrecht Matthias , Kaiser Thomas M.
Published: February 2023

The life history of a fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) caught during whaling operations in the 1950s was partly reconstructed. 3D surface models of the bones of the skeleton curated at the Zoological Museum of Hamburg were used for an osteopathological analysis. The skeleton revealed multiple healed fractures of ribs and a scapula. Moreover, the processus spinosi of several vertebrae were deformed and arthrosis was found. Together, the pathological findings provide evidence for large blunt trauma and secondary effects arising from it. Reconstruction of the likely cause of events suggests collision with a ship inflicting the fractures and leading to post traumatic posture damage as indicated by skeletal deformations. The injured bones had fully healed before the fin whale was killed by a whaler in the South Atlantic in 1952. This study is the first in-detail reconstruction of a historical whale—ship collision in the Southern Hemisphere, dating back to the 1940s, and the first documentation of a healed scapula fracture in a fin whale. The skeleton provides evidence for survival of a ship strike by a fin whale with severe injuries causing long-term impairment.
Description of Bothriurus mistral n. sp., the highest-dwelling Bothriurus from the western Andes (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae), using multiple morphometric approaches
Authors: Ojanguren-Affilastro Andrés A. , Benítez Hugo A. , Iuri Hernán A. , Mattoni Camilo I. , Alfaro Fermín M. , Pizarro-Araya Jaime
Published: February 2023

We describe Bothriurus mistral n. sp. (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae) from the Chilean north-central Andes of the Coquimbo Region. This is the highest elevational discovery for Bothriurus in the western slopes of the Andes. This species was collected in the Estero Derecho Private Protected Area and Natural Sanctuary as part of the First National Biodiversity Inventory of Chile of the Integrated System for Monitoring and Evaluation of Native Forest Ecosystems (SIMEF). Bothriurus mistral n. sp. is closely related to Bothriurus coriaceus Pocock, 1893, from the lowlands of central Chile. This integrative research includes a combination of traditional morphometrics and geometric morphometric analyses to support the taxonomic delimitation of the species.
Subgroup fairness in two-sided markets
Authors: Zhou Quan , Mareček Jakub , Shorten Robert
Published: February 2023

It is well known that two-sided markets are unfair in a number of ways. For example, female drivers on ride-hailing platforms earn less than their male colleagues per mile driven. Similar observations have been made for other minority subgroups in other two-sided markets. Here, we suggest a novel market-clearing mechanism for two-sided markets, which promotes equalization of the pay per hour worked across multiple subgroups, as well as within each subgroup. In the process, we introduce a novel notion of subgroup fairness (which we call Inter-fairness), which can be combined with other notions of fairness within each subgroup (called Intra-fairness), and the utility for the customers (Customer-Care) in the objective of the market-clearing problem. Although the novel non-linear terms in the objective complicate market clearing by making the problem non-convex, we show that a certain non-convex augmented Lagrangian relaxation can be approximated to any precision in time polynomial in the number of market participants using semidefinite programming, thanks to its “hidden convexity”. This makes it possible to implement the market-clearing mechanism efficiently. On the example of driver-ride assignment in anUber-like system, we demonstrate the efficacy and scalability of the approach and trade-offs between Inter- and Intra-fairness.
An improved harris hawks optimization algorithm based on chaotic sequence and opposite elite learning mechanism
Authors: Yang Ting , Fang Jie , Jia Chaochuan , Liu Zhengyu , Liu Yu
Published: February 2023

The Harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm is a new swarm-based natural heuristic algorithm that has previously shown excellent performance. However, HHO still has some shortcomings, which are premature convergence and falling into local optima due to an imbalance of the exploration and exploitation capabilities. To overcome these shortcomings, a new HHO variant algorithm based on a chaotic sequence and an opposite elite learning mechanism (HHO-CS-OELM) is proposed in this paper. The chaotic sequence can improve the global search ability of the HHO algorithm due to enhancing the diversity of the population, and the opposite elite learning can enhance the local search ability of the HHO algorithm by maintaining the optimal individual. Meanwhile, it also overcomes the shortcoming that the exploration cannot be carried out at the late iteration in the HHO algorithm and balances the exploration and exploitation capabilities of the HHO algorithm. The performance of the HHO-CS-OELM algorithm is verified by comparison with 14 optimization algorithms on 23 benchmark functions and an engineering problem. Experimental results show that the HHO-CS-OELM algorithm performs better than the state-of-the-art swarm intelligence optimization algorithms.
Part of the landscape: Interview with Miek Zwamborn
Authors: Hanz Nina
Published: February 2023

Revisiting a conversation that took place in 2019, Nina Hanz interviews Miek Zwamborn about her artistic practice. Spanning jewellery making, cooking, writing and gathering information from her shifting habitats, Zwamborn shares her path as a transdisciplinary artist. With a particular focus on her publishing history, the two discuss gentle research approaches that work in harmony with nature and how the collection of objects opens a portal to new knowledges. As the subject of place emerges, discussions around The Knockvologan Studies, Zwamborn and her partner Rutger Emmelkamp’s project space on the island of Mull, arise. Occurring pre-pandemic, the transcription documents missed connections and how life can pull one to unpredictable places.
Urban fragments ‘on hold’: Reflections of COVID-19 in the urban Greek environment
Authors: Ferentinos Panagiotis
Published: February 2023

This study focused on how the urban environment of a Greek city, Patras, visually bore witness to the impact that COVID-19 has had within its public spaces. It also focused on how the human involvement is reflected on the city surfaces, and even its absence denotes the new conditions caused by the pandemic. Time appeared to be frozen on the city surfaces and its visual remainders point to a previous era, when a pandemic may have sounded more like a sci-fi scenario, or over the ‘breaks’ of successive lockdowns. In order to record and document the fragmented spatial and temporal actualities, I relied on fine art practices such as photography, photogrammetry and 3D models for the production of an archive of the current historic imperative.
Pat Mills’s Formula: ‘The Godfather of British comics’s’ step-by-step guide to creating girls’ comic stories
Authors: Wild Catherine Louise
Published: February 2023

Most once-popular UK children’s comics have now ceased publication. This includes Misty. Aimed specifically at girls between the ages of 8 and 14, Misty was a comic that consisted entirely of frightening fiction and articles based on the supernatural and horror. My research into the popularity of Misty in its ‘heyday’ considered the cultural background at the time of publication, how this was reflected in Misty in terms of perceptions of the zeitgeist at the time of Misty’s publication and how this may have influenced the content of the stories contained within it. I also identified and applied critical concepts specifically with reference to the Misty serials ‘Moonchild’ and ‘The Sentinels’, and the one-off story ‘The Treatment’. With these methods in mind, the possible underlying reasons for the popularity of the stories contained in Misty were examined. However, Misty was first and foremost a piece of fiction in comic format. Thus, academic values aside, my research led me to consider the creative process behind its production and I approached Misty’s consultant editor and contributing writer, Pat Mills, ‘the godfather of comics’, who revealed his creative process. This article analyses Mills’s own subjective step-by-step process for creating a comic, which he names The Formula, and its potential to inform contemporary comics in the form of a guide.
Playworks: A practical reflection on performance art as a means to intersect play and work
Authors: Manfredini Gabriela Rangel Cunha
Published: February 2023

This article is intended to reflect on how performance art can be a channel through which play and work intertwine. The authors Sven Lütticken and Erving Goffman are used to support the idea that work and leisure have become indistinguishable and that life has become a generalized performance. It is theorized that art and play have characteristics that antagonize the sphere of work under capitalism. Three performances by the author are presented: The Machine Must Go On is about competition and acceleration in the work environment; Slow Woman is about the invisible and undervalued domestic work and consequently the disparities between men and women in this matter and Business Game about the power dynamics involving Mexican workers and American companies.
Gaming Sexism, Amanda Cote (2020)
Authors: Crowley Sydney
Published: February 2023

Review of: Gaming Sexism, Amanda Cote (2020)

New York: University of New York Press, 274 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-47980-220-3, p/bk, USD 30.00
Bang Head Against a Brick Wall
Authors: Dobovšek Zala
Published: February 2023

Mandić is a trademark of the nongovernmental scene, the national theatre and, last but not least, himself, writes Zala Dobovšek. The fact that Marko Mandić acts as an institution in his own right is clearly shown in another co-production between a nongovernmental organisation and the central national theatre, where, in an intersection of his two production allies, his figure is set in a space that is not really the former (nongovernmental) and much less the latter (institutional), but establishes a new locality that does not relate the key references to space, but introduces them from a previous performance, Mandić Stroj (2011).
Interconnectedness: Entangled curation and dance in unsettled landscapes: An interview with DACE
Authors: Karina Sarkissova
Published: February 2023

DACE is a platform for curatorial and choreographic explorations on dance and choreography in a more-than-human world, founded by Rickard Borgström and Rebecca Chentinell. Central to the duo is how the body functions as an interface towards the surroundings. Consequently, they collaborate with artists engaged in the rapid environmental, technological and political changes, exploring a multitude of bodily approaches in questioning how these affect our actions, thinking and artistic practices. DACE traces new bodily sensitivities and interconnections between human, technology and nature in a more-than-human environment. DACE seeks new aesthetic paradigms in the shifting nature of ecological systems in the geological era of human-made nature. Since 2019, DACE has created gatherings, symposiums, developed as well as presented exhibitions and art works in different media and contexts. The works are exploring ecological and technological planes in theatres and galleries, an exploration of what post-human dance can be in a postanthropocentric worldview. The questions are posed by curator and choreographer Karina Sarkissova in a meeting of three independent dance curators based in Sweden and Finland.
Planetary performance
Authors: Egert Gerko
Published: February 2023

The paper discusses the concept of planetary action between contemporary performance art and political climate action. By focusing on the extensive assemblages of actions created by artists such as Khvay Samnang or Tomás Saraceno, it develops a planetary approach to performance. Between artistic and non-artistic actions, their historically and geographically farstretching infrastructures, and the interplay of human and non-human actors, the paper proposes a planetary politics that addresses the ecological catastrophes of our times on the bodily level of action and its relation to knowledge.
Environmental performance (aesthetics, discourse, operations)
Authors: Haas Maximilian
Published: February 2023

While eco-aesthetics and ecocritical discourse have been reflected in (recent) performance studies, their relation to operational ecology and sustainable modes of production needs to be further developed terminologically and methodologically. The paper discusses the intersection of aesthetic, discursive, and operational approaches of the performative arts to ongoing environmental and climate destruction. It positions itself vis-à-vis their diverse forms of knowledge and action and proposes ways of their transformative interweaving. Rather than continuing to pit artistic and administrative interests against each other, thereby reaffirming or even deepening the Great Divide between aesthetics and operations, the paper argues for connecting these fields in theory and practice in such a way that they can respond to each other conceptually, question their respective assumptions, and experiment with transformative potentials that approximate the radicality, magnitude, and complexity of current and future environmental challenges.
Why the New Sh*t platform at dansehallerne does neoliberal shit
Authors: Andersson Ruth-Johanne
Published: February 2023

In this article, the New Sh*t platform at Dansehallerne in Denmark is analysed and criticised, as a means to investigate the fruition of its motivation to help strengthen the Danish dance ecosystem. By introducing thoughts on the transindividual self and the ecological self, I argue that as long as the platform mainly allows young Danish choreographers to show solo work, it cannot bring much change about to the conditions of production under which they already work. I argue why I believe the Danish dance scene could be at the forefront of changing the individualistic production mode of modern day Europe and how the (forgotten) mode of collaboration holds a potential for an ecological shift away from the neoliberal impetus.
Voicing lives: A double take
Authors: Fazekaš Ana
Published: February 2023

A reflection on the works of Katalin Ladik: mogu li da živim na tvom licu? (Could I live on your face?, re/konekcija, 2021) and raspjevane žeravice. Izabrane pjesme 1962. – 1982. (Singing embers. Selected poems 1962 – 1982, DAF, 2022)
Español servitor (francés serviteur, italiano servitore), interjección efímera
Authors: González Ollé Fernando
Published: February 2023

El artículo revela la existencia, en español, de una unidad léxica hasta ahora inadvertida, servitor; presenta toda la escasa documentación encontrada de ella; la comenta; y trata de establecer su origen italiano y su categoría funcional. Finalmente, la coteja con una palabra francesa, serviteur, que ofrece varios rasgos comunes.
The Effect of Islamic Bank Financing on the Human Development Index: A Case Study of 15 Cities on Java Island
Authors: Salsabila Hanifa , Sekaringsih Riswanti Budi
Published: February 2023

The Human Development Index (IPM) measures how people can access development results in obtaining income, health, and education. This study aimed to determine whether Islamic bank financing, poverty, and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) have a relationship and influence the Human Development Index in 15 cities in Java Island for 2015-2021. The quantitative approach uses secondary data from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) for Islamic bank financing data. In contrast, Poverty and GRDP data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The data used in this study is annual data from 2015 to 2021. The estimation method used is panel data regression with the Random Effects model. The study results that the Islamic bank financing variable has a significant positive effect on HDI. Meanwhile, the Poverty and GRDP variables significantly and negatively affect the Human Development Index. Simultaneously, the variables of Islamic bank financing, poverty, and GRDP affect the Human Development Index.
Comparison of Village Cooperative (KUD) and Village-Owned Enterprises (BUM Desa) in Indonesia
Authors: Choiri Miftakhul
Published: February 2023

This paper aims to seek the difference between Village Unit Cooperatives (KUD) and Village Owned Enterprises (BUM Desa). This paper also seeks to observe the impact of the establishment of BUM Desa on KUD and the possibility of synergy between the two institutions. In this study, the methodology used is normative legal research with a comparative approach. This research shows that both institutions have the same goal, namely to enhance the village community’s quality of life. Even so, BUM Desa has a wider scope of business than KUD. In addition, this study also shows the possibility of synergies between the two business entities. Empirical studies are very open and needed to strengthen the synergy idea between the two business entities. The originality of this paper is because it examines the legal and socio-economic aspects of KUD and BUM Desa.
»Antifaschisten, das waren wir …«
Authors: Altieri Riccardo
Published: February 2023

Ohne Rosi Wolfstein und Paul Frölich wäre unser Bild von Rosa Luxemburg heute ein völlig anderes. Gemeinsam arbeitete das Paar in den 1920er Jahren am Nachlass der ermordeten Politikerin, wodurch die erste Werkausgabe entstehen konnte. Später, als Frölich und Wolfstein vor den Nationalsozialisten ins französische Exil geflüchtet waren, entstand 1939 durch beide eine der frühesten und zugleich authentischsten Biografien Luxemburgs (›Rosa Luxemburg. Gedanke und Tat‹) unter Frölichs Namen, die aus diesem reichen Wissensschatz gespeist wurde. Doch wer waren Rosi Wolfstein und Paul Frölich, die heute nahezu vergessen scheinen? Ihre eigene Politikkarriere startete jeweils in der SPD vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg, führte sie durch das Lager der Kriegsgegnerschaft zum Gründungsparteitag der KPD (Kommunistische Partei). Während Frölich in den Reichstag gewählt wurde, saß Wolfstein im Preußischen Landtag. Aus antistalinistischer Überzeugung verließen sie die KPD und wurden letztlich Mitbegründer der SAP (Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei), an deren Spitze sie standen, bevor sie fliehen mussten. Doch sie kehrten nach Deutschland zurück… Riccardo Altieri veranschaulicht in sehr lesenswerter Weise das Resultat seiner mehrjährigen Forschung zu einer Doppelbiografie unter netzwerkhistorischen Gesichtspunkten. Nur durch die Hinzuziehung von internationalen Quellen aus dem Netzwerk Wolfsteins und Frölichs konnte die Studie überhaupt entstehen, hatten die Protagonisten doch aufgrund der Verfolgung in der NS-Zeit keinen geschlossenen Nachlass hinterlassen.
Michał M. Kosman, Konflikt rosyjsko-ukraiński o Krym (2014–2019). Wybrane aspekty z uwzględnieniem stanowiska Niemiec, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kazimierza Wielkiego, Bydgoszcz 2020, ss. 132.
Authors: Ratajczak Anna
Published: February 2023

Recenzja
Polityczno-historyczne determinanty europejskiej polityki zagranicznej Republiki Finlandii
Authors: Partacz Czesław
Published: February 2023

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia historyczne determinanty współczesnej polityki zagranicznej Republiki Finlandii. Mimo niewielkiego potencjału gospodarczego i militarnego państwo to zdołało zachować niepodległość i względną niezależność zarówno w czasie II wojny światowej, jak i w okresie zimnej wojny. Współczesna sytuacja geopolityczna Finlandii i jej sposób prowadzenia polityki międzynarodowej wynikają z długiej tradycji zachowywania równowagi w stosunkach z największymi graczami na arenie międzynarodowej. Agresja Federacji Rosyjskiej na Ukrainę spowodowała konieczność zmiany tej polityki i wejścia w struktury Paktu Północnoatlantyckiego.
Square-free values of n
2 + n + 1
Authors: Dimitrov Stoyan Ivanov
Published: February 2023

In this paper we show that there exist infinitely many square-free numbers of the form

n
2

+
n
+
1

{n^{2}+n+1}

.
We achieve this by deriving an asymptotic formula by improving the reminder term from previous results.