bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the Cardiovascular Assessment Screening Program (CASP) to improve the uptake of clinical practice guidelines by health care providers in Canada: Results of the integration of qualitative study findings for intervention development in a mixed methods study.
Authors: Bruneau Jill , Parsons Karen , Moralejo Donna , Donovan Catherine
Published: December 2022

Background
There is inconsistent utilisation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening and management by healthcare professionals to identify CVD risk factors early and to intervene using current recommendations. This manuscript reports on the results of the integration of the qualitative study findings of a mixed methods study that led to the development of the Cardiovascular Assessment Screening Program (CASP).
Methods
Focus groups (5) and interviews (10) were conducted in rural and urban settings in one Canadian province with target health professionals, managers in health care organizations, and the public to obtain different perspectives to inform the CASP intervention. Three focus groups were held with nurse practitioners and two with members of the public; individual interviews were conducted with target groups as well. Application of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) provided a comprehensive approach to determine the main factors influencing clinician behaviour, to assess the implementation process, and to support intervention design. Behaviour change techniques, modes of delivery, and intervention components were selected for the development of the CASP.
Results
Themes identified such lack of knowledge about comprehensive screening, ambiguity around responsibility for screening, lack of time and commitment to screening were addressed in the components of the CASP intervention that were developed, including a website, education module, decision tools, and a toolkit.
Conclusion
CASP is a theory-informed intervention developed through the integration of the findings from the focus groups and interviews with selected TDF domains, behaviour change techniques, and modes of delivery available in the local context that may be a useful approach for knowledge translation of evidence into practice.
Intrinsic decoherence dynamics and dense coding in dipolar spin system
Authors: Khedif Youssef , Rajendran Muthuganesan
Published: December 2022

The quantum decoherence is an ineluctable process when a quantum system interacts with its surrounding environment. Milburn’s dynamical master equation, as a modified shape of the Schrödinger equation, is typically used to study the effects decoherence even without intervention of environment. We studied the temporal evolution of non-local correlations in a dipolar-coupled spin system under the influence of intrinsic decoherence. Primarily, the generation in correlations of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering, measurement-induced non-locality (MIN) and entanglement in an uncorrelated initial system state were studied. Also, the effect of the intrinsic decoherence on the quality of the dense coding capacity dynamics for the dipolar-coupled spin system was examined. Our results highlight that the initial system’s role in defining the quantum correlations’ robustness, and we also brought out the impacts of system’s parameters on the non-local correlations and the efficiency of dense coding process
Detection of surgical instruments based on Gaussian kernel
Authors: Zhang Hongren , Wang Shengsheng
Published: December 2022

In minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery,it is of practical significance to quickly locate the location and category information of surgical instruments.It can remind medical personnel of irreversible injury caused to patients due to leaving surgical instruments after the operation.In this paper,Gaussian kernel is introduced into each ground truth,which is conducive to making full use of label information to allocate positive and negative samples and improve the accuracy of location and classification.Then, we introduce SIoU Loss and Harmonic Loss function into total loss.The former uses relative coordinates to make the network converge more quickly,and the latter solves the problem of asynchronous optimization of the two branches of classification and regression.Our experiment proves that the strategy based on Gaussian kernel sample allocation is very effective on a pubic data set m2cai16-tool-locations,displaying our method possesses conspicuous accuracy of classification and regression than other work.
A multi-model analysis of post-Glasgow climate action and feasibility gap
Authors: de Ven Dirk-Jan van , Mittal shivika , Gambhir Ajay , Doukas Haris , Giarola Sara , Hawkes Adam , Koasidis Konstantinos , Koberle Alexandre , Lamboll Robin , McJeon Haewon , Perdana Sigit , Peters Glen , Rogelj Joeri , Sognnaes Ida , Vielle Marc , Nikas Alexandros
Published: December 2022

The COP26 Glasgow process resulted in many countries strengthening their 2030 emissions reduction targets and announcing net-zero pledges for 2050–2070. We use four diverse integrated assessment models (IAMs) to assess CO2emission trajectories in the near- and long-term based on national policies and pledges, combined with a non-CO2infilling model and a simple climate model to assess the temperature implications of such trajectories. Critically, we also consider the feasibility of national long-term pledges towards net-zero, to understand where the challenges to achieving them could lie. Whilst near-term pledges alone lead to warming above 2°C, the addition of long-term pledges leads to emissions trajectories compatible with a well-below 2°C future, across all four IAMs. However, whilst IAM heterogeneity translates to diverse decarbonisation pathways towards long-term targets, all modelled pathways indicate several feasibility concerns, relating to the cost of mitigation, as well as to rates and scales of deployed technologies and measures.
Comprehensive Evaluation of the effects of Time-of-flight Technique on Regional Brain PET using Hybrid PET/MRI
Authors: Wimalarathne DDN , Sun Xun , Liu Fang , Gai Yongkang , Hu Fan , Lan Xiaoli , Ruan Weiwei
Published: December 2022

Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of time-of-flight (TOF) reconstruction on regional brain positron emission tomography (PET) obtained from hybrid PET/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI). Patients (n = 34) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/MRI brain imaging were retrospectively included in this study. The PET list mode data were reconstructed with and without a TOF reconstruction algorithm. Regional brain volumes of interest (VOIs, 18 regions) were segmented and their standardized uptake values (SUVs) were measured. Standard formulas were applied to measure contrast, signal to noise ratio (SNR), and percentage relative average difference of SUVs (%RAD-SUVs). The results were compared using paired t-tests.
Results
In all the VOIs, the SUVmax was significantly higher with TOF reconstruction than without it. The %RAD-SUVmax was greater than 3% for all VOIs in TOF compared to non-TOF reconstructions, and was largest in the caudate nuclei. The SUVmean values in 14/18 VOIs were significantly higher with TOF reconstruction, although the %RAD-SUVmean values were comparably smaller than the %RAD-SUVmax. The highest %RAD-SUVmean between TOF and non-TOF reconstruction was again in the caudate nuclei. Contrast and SNR were higher with TOF reconstruction in 12/17 and 9/17 VOIs, respectively. Although the differences were small, they almost showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). In the caudate nuclei, the percentage difference in SNR was nearly 50%. However, in the PA, SN, CoC, WM and CM, contrast was higher with non-TOF reconstruction, and SNR was higher in regions adjoining occipital lobe and nucleus accumbens.
Conclusions
With the TOF-technique, the SUVmax in the segmented VOIs was higher compared with non-TOF reconstruction, unlike SUVmean, which showed varying differences across the different VOIs according to the use of TOF and non-TOF reconstruction. The temporal lobe and caudate nucleus achieved considerably higher SNR with the TOF technique, but not the other regions. Overall, we recommend that these quantitative differences among VOIs are considered when diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
Control strategies for examining the effects of the Omicron variant on heart attacks by utilizing real data
Authors: Evirgen Fırat , Yavuz Mehmet , Ozdemir Necati
Published: December 2022

An investigation of the correlation between heart attack and the Omicron variant is presented in this paper using a novel mathematical model. In the model, in order to control both the number of infected individuals and the number of those with the Omicron variant, two control parameters are meant to be adjusted. Additionally, the model’s positivity and boundedness are investigated. The reproduction number (R0) is assessed, and the control parameter sensitivity analysis is carried out in accordance with the reproduction number. Using the least squares curve fitting method, which is one of the most popular methods of estimating the model’s parameters, the values of the model’s parameters are determined. The model’s total 16 parameter values are estimated utilizing real COVID-19 cases from Tu¨rkiye. Lastly, numerical simulations are presented for the purpose of analyzing the system’s dynamical behavior. Numerical simulations have shown that the suggested controls are successful in reducing the number of infected and Omicron population.
The Hematopoietic Effect of Red and White Peels Pomegranate Extract on Phenylhydrazine-Induced Anemia in Rats and LCMS/ MS investigations of new substances
Authors: Soliman Nabil Abbas , Mansour Sherif Wajih , Ammar Mohammed Ahmed , Hassan Noura Ahmed , Hamed Rehab , Ammar Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed
Published: December 2022

Pomegranates, Punica granatum L., are said to provide various health advantages, according to accumulating research. The haematological effects of pomegranate white and red peel extracts on male rats with phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anaemia are highlighted in this article. The phytoconstituents of the ethanolic extract of pomegranate white and red peels were identified using LCMS/MS analysis.We employed 48 male albino,. Six experimental groups of eight animals each were created at random from the total number of animals. Rats in group 1(C) served as the control, group, Group 2 (C-WPP), rats received WPP, Group 3 (C-RPP): rats received RPP extract, Group 4 (PHZ): rats received an i.p. injection of PHZ in saline in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, Group 5 (PHZ-WPP) and, Group 6 (PHZ-RPP). Peripheral blood smears were measurements of iron level, G6PD, LDH, MDA, GPX, SOD, ALT, ALP, and AST were analyzed. By using LCMS/MS studies, 252 compounds were discovered; 163 of these compounds were tentatively recognized for the first time in the white and/or red peels of pomegranates, and 7 of these compounds were tentatively characterized for the first time in nature. Pretreatment with the white and/or red peels of pomegranates, however, greatly reduced this toxicity by modifying the organ's biomarkers, enhancing the tissue's redox status, and bringing serum biochemical parameters virtually back to normal levels. The ethanolic extract of red and white pomegranate peels displays a potent defense against free radicals and oxidative stress.
Cooked pork-derived exosome nanovesicles mediate metabolic disorder—microRNA could be the culprit
Authors: Shen Linyuan , Ma Jianfeng , Yang Yiting , Liao Tianci , Wang Jinyong , Chen Lei , Zhang Shunhua , Zhao Ye , Niu Lili , Hao Xiaoxia , Jiang Anan , Li Xuewei , Gan Mailin , Zhu Li
Published: December 2022

In this study, we extracted exosomes from cooked meat by ultra-high-speed centrifugation. Exosome had an average of size of 70.29 nm. Flow cytometry demonstrated that the positive rate of exosomal surface marker CD63 and CD81 were 84.5% and 95.9%. microRNA sequencing revealed the exosomal microRNA were differences among porcine muscle, fat and liver. The mice plasma levels of miR-1, miR-133a-3p, miR-206 and miR-99a were increase with varying degrees after drinking water with exosomes. GTT and ITT suggest that abnormal glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in mice. Moreover, the lipid droplets were significant increased in the liver were also observed. Transcriptome analysis identified 446 differentially expressed genes in liver. Functional enrichment analysis found that metabolic pathway were most significantly enriched. microRNA may function as a critical regulator involved in the metabolic disorder of mice. This study suggests that the exosomal microRNAs from meat products has the potential to adversely affect health.
Clinical outcomes in heart failure patients with and without atrial fibrillation receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor
Authors: Hu Wei-Syun , lin cheng
Published: December 2022

Purpose
We report a retrospective analysis of a nationwide health database to study the association between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2I) use and the incidence of adverse clinical outcomes among heart failure (HF) patients with and without atrial fibrillation (AF) stratified by CHA2DS2–VASc score.
Methods
The outcome of this study was on the development of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). By dividing the number of MACCE events by the total person-years, the incidence rate was calculated. The hazard ratio (HR) was estimated by the Cox proportional hazard model. 95% confidence interval (CI) was also presented to show the risk of MACCE for HF patients with and without AF taking SGLT2I.
Results
SGLT2I users had a lower risk of acute myocardial infraction (adjusted HR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.74, 0.92), CV death (adjusted HR = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.42, 0.51) and all-cause death (adjusted HR = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.37, 0.41). Considering HF patients without AF and SGLT2I as the reference group, HF patients without AF but with SGLT2I had a reduced risk of adverse outcomes of 0.48 (95%CI = 0.45, 0.50) and HF patients with AF and SGLT2I had the decreased hazard ratio of 0.55 (95%CI = 0.50, 0.61). The adjusted HR of adverse outcomes for HF patients with CHA2DS2–VASc score less than 2 and SGLT2I with and without AF relative to HF patients without AF nor SGLT2I were 0.53 (95% CI = 0.41, 0.67) and 0.24 (95% CI = 0.12, 0.47), respectively. Compared to HF patients with no history of AF and SGLT2I, if patients additionally with SGLT2I and CHA2DS2–VASc score ≥ 2, the risk of the adverse outcome reduces to 0.48 (95% CI = 0.45, 0.50); if patients additionally with AF and CHA2DS2–VASc score ≥ 2, the risk of the adverse outcome reduces to 0.88 (95% CI = 0.80, 0.97); if patients additionally with AF, SGLT2I and CHA2DS2–VASc score ≥ 2, the risk of the adverse outcome reduces to 0.53 (95% CI = 0.47, 0.55).
Conclusion
We concluded that SGLT2I have a protective effect in HF patients, and the risk reduction is greater with a score of < 2 and without AF.
Permittivity Boosting by Induced Strain from Local Doping in Titanates from First Principles
Authors: Kutana Alex , Shimano Yuho , Asahi Ryoji
Published: December 2022

We examine the effect of isovalent substitutions and co-doping on the ionic dielectric constant of paraelectric titanates (perovskite, Ruddlesden-Popper phases, and rutile) using density functional perturbation theory. Substitutions increase the ionic dielectric constant of the prototype structures, and new dynamically stable structures with εion~102-104 are reported and analyzed. The boosting of ionic permittivity is attributed to local defect-induced strain, and maximum Ti-O bond length is proposed as a descriptor. The Ti-O phonon mode that is responsible for the large dielectric constant can be tuned by a local strain and symmetry lowering from substitutions. Our findings help explain the recently observed colossal permittivity in co-doped rutile, attributing its intrinsic permittivity boosting solely to the lattice polarization mechanism, without the need to invoke other mechanisms. Finally, we identify new perovskite- and rutile-based systems that can potentially display colossal permittivity.
Exploiting the generative design potential to select the best conceptual design of an aerospace component to be produced by additive manufacturing
Authors: PILAGATTI ADRIANO NICOLA , Atzeni Eleonora , Salmi Alessandro
Published: December 2022

Since the advent of Industry 4.0, the manufacturing sector has had to face new challenges, which have required the development of new skills and innovative tools. This scenario includes innovative production processes such as Additive Manufacturing (AM), a technology capable of producing a component layer-by-layer directly from the 3D model, without the need of specific tools. Generative Design (GD) may represent an opportunity to maximize the potential of AM techniques. GD is based on parametric computer-aided design (CAD) tools capable of generating multiple optimized outputs, among which the designer could select the most promising solution. This paper presents a general methodology for evaluating the GD outputs in the conceptual phase of design, to select the best possible solution through a series of criteria at several levels. The evaluation method is deployed in an aerospace field case study. The procedure demonstrates the benefits of adopting GD synergistically with AM in the early stages of product development. This indicates that the developed methodology could reduce the number of iterations during the design process, and the result is a decrease in the overall time spent on the project, avoiding problems during the final stages of the design.
A Converse of Tchebyshev Inequality
Authors: Bucur Ileana
Published: December 2022

Looking at Harnack inequlity in Harmonic Spaces we complete the well known Tchebyshev inequality for positive integrable function with an oposite one.
2020 MSC:
Primary: 42A10, 41A65
Secondary: 54D30, 54D40, 60135
Effects of low-protein diet and feed restriction on mRNA expression of cationic amino acid transporters in porcine skeletal muscles
Authors: Ishida Aiko , Ashihara Akane , Nakashima Kazuki , Katsumata Masaya
Published: December 2022

We investigated the effects of a low-protein diet and feed restriction on the mRNA expression of cationic amino acid transporters (CATs) in porcine skeletal muscles, specifically, the longissimus dorsi (LD), rhomboideus (RH), and biceps femoris (BF) muscles. Eighteen piglets were randomly divided into three groups: a control (CP21%, ad libitum), low-protein diet (LP, CP16%, ad libitum), and feed-restricted diet (FR, CP21%, 76% feed intake of control pigs) groups. The expression levels of CAT-1 in the LD and BF muscles of LP pigs were higher than that of control pigs, whereas that of FR pigs did not differ from that of control pigs. The CAT-2A expression levels in the RH muscle of FR pigs was higher than that of control pigs. The concentrations of free lysine in all muscles of LP and FR pigs were lower than that of control pigs. The concentrations of free arginine in the LD and RH muscles of LP and FR pigs were lower than that of control pigs. To examine the factors involved in the regulation of CATs mRNA expression, we evaluated the in vitro effects of lysine, arginine, insulin-like growth factor-1, and dexamethasone on the expression of CAT-1, CAT-2A, and CAT-2B in C2C12 myotubes. CAT-1 expression levels increased in response to lysine and/or arginine deprivation. We show, for the first time, that CAT-1 and CAT-2 expression levels in skeletal muscles differ in response to dietary treatments and CAT-1 expression in skeletal muscles appears to increase in response to low free lysine concentrations.
Stress-specific differences in Distal Femoral Epiphysis of Leg Length Discrepancy and Pelvic Tilt. A Finite-Element Analysis
Authors: Bai Huanan , Lu Qingda , Wang Xiaoming , Liang Xiaoju , Jia Haoruo , Wang Huan , Jie Qiang
Published: December 2022

Objective
This study aimed to compare the distal femoral epiphyseal stress of Leg Length Discrepancy and Pelvic Tilt, to explain the phenomenon of genu varum and genu valgum in children with unequal lower extremities or pelvic tilt.
Methods
The finite element models was established to analyze the distal femoral epiphyseal Equivalent Von Mises Stress, We reconstructed the right sacrum, pubis, ischium, and femur of a healthy child by finite element method, and generated the distal femoral epiphysis and other cartilage structures. The left femur was amputated (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6cm) to study the stress changes in the bilateral distal femoral epiphysis. In addition, we tilted the pelvis of four models and placed the distal femur at the same level to study the stress changes after the pelvis was tilted.
Results
The Equivalent Von Mises Stress distribution of the distal femoral epiphysis on both sides of the children with unequal lower limbs was uneven, and the stress stimulation on the lateral side was greater than that on the medial side. And when the pelvis is tilted, this stimulation is more obvious.
Conclusions
We reconstructed a healthy child's pelvis and femur by Finite-Element, including cartilage and epiphyseal structures. The left femur was amputated to simulate the Leg Length Discrepancy, the pelvis tilt was also studied. Both lead to the increased lateral stress, with pelvic tilt having a greater effect.
Characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution and health risk assessment in urban parks at megacity of central China
Authors: Li Ding , Cai LiMei , Chen LaiGuo , Wang Han Zhi
Published: December 2022

In this study, we compared the concentrations of the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb in the surface soils of urban parks in Wuhan, Hubei Province with those in the surface soils of urban parks worldwide. The soil contamination data were assessed using enrichment factors, and spatial analysis of heavy metals using inverse distance weighting and quantitative analysis of heavy metal sources with a positive definite matrix factor (PMF) receptor model. Further, a probabilistic health risk assessment of children and adults using Monte Carlo simulation was performed. The average Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb concentrations in the surface soils of urban parks were 2.52, 58.74, 31.39, 186.28, 27.00, and 34.89 mg·kg−1, respectively, which exceeded the average soil background values in Hubei. From the inverse distance spatial interpolation map, heavy metal contamination was primarily observed to be present to the southwest of the main urban area. The PMF model resolved four sources: mixed traffic and industrial emission, natural, agricultural, and traffic sources, with relative contributions of 23.9%, 19.3%, 23.4%, and 33.4%, respectively. The Monte Carlo health risk evaluation model demonstrated negligible noncancer risks for both adult and child populations, whereas the health effects of Cd and Cr on children were a concern for cancer risks.
Bioinformatic and literature assessment of toxicity and allergenicity of a CRISPR-Cas9 engineered gene drive to control the human malaria mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Qureshi Alima , Connolly John B.
Published: December 2022

Background
Population suppression gene drive is currently being evaluated, including via environmental risk assessment (ERA), for malaria vector control. One such gene drive involves the dsxFCRISPRh transgene encoding (i) hCas9 endonuclease, (i) T1 guide RNA (gRNA) targeting the doublesex locus, and (iii) DsRed fluorescent marker protein, in genetically modified mosquitoes (GMMs). Problem formulation, the first stage of ERA, for environmental releases of dsxFCRISPRh previously identified nine potential harms to the environment or health that could occur, should expressed products of the transgene cause allergenicity or toxicity.
Methods
Amino acid sequences of hCas9 and DsRed were interrogated against those of toxins or allergens from NCBI, UniProt, COMPARE and AllergenOnline bioinformatic databases and the gRNA was compared with microRNAs from the miRBase database for potential impacts on gene expression associated with toxicity or allergenicity. PubMed was also searched for any evidence of toxicity or allergenicity of Cas9 or DsRed, or of the donor organisms from which these products were originally derived.
Results
While Cas9 nuclease activity can be toxic to some cell types in vitro and hCas9 was found to share homology with the prokaryotic toxin VapC, there was no evidence of a risk of toxicity to humans and other animals from hCas9. Although hCas9 did contain an 8-mer epitope found in the latex allergen Hev b 9, the full amino acid sequence of hCas9 was not homologous to any known allergens. Combined with a lack of evidence in the literature of Cas9 allergenicity, this indicated negligible risk to humans of allergenicity from hCas9. No matches were found between the gRNA and microRNAs from either Anopheles or humans. Moreover, potential exposure to dsxFCRISPRh transgenic proteins from environmental releases was assessed as negligible.
Conclusions
Bioinformatic and literature assessments found no convincing evidence to suggest that transgenic products expressed from dsxFCRISPRh were allergens or toxins, indicating that environmental releases of this population suppression gene drive for malaria vector control should not result in any increased allergenicity or toxicity in humans or animals. These results should also inform evaluations of other GMMs being developed for vector control and in vivo clinical applications of CRISPR-Cas9.
Sedimentary deposits and bioturbation in an Early Cretaceous subarctic stormy greenhouse shelf environment
Authors: Leszczyński Stanisław , Warchoł Michał J. , Nemec Wojciech
Published: December 2022

This study of the Aptian lower part of the Carolinefjellet Formation in Svalbard, Norwegian high Arctic, is based on well cores and outcrop section in the Adventdalen area of Spitsbergen and reports on the deposits and bioturbation structures of an ancient subpolar marine shelf from a well-known period of global greenhouse climate. The study documents the sedimentation conditions and benthic fauna activity on a warm-water aggrading shelf subject to harsh Arctic wave climate and eurybatic base-level changes, with episodic bottom incursions of cold polar water. Lithofacies associations and 38 observed ichnotaxa represent subenvironments ranging from offshore to lower shoreface and hosting the Cruziana ichnofacies in its distal to proximal expression, with a brief mid-Aptian encroachment of middle shoreface zone with a distal expression of the Skolithos ichnofacies. The ichnofacies are variously impoverished compared to their archetypes. The sediment bioturbation intensity varies, but similar lithofacies associations show a comparable intensity throughout the stratigraphic succession, which indicates an ichnofauna ecology controlled by the seafloor hydraulic regime and oxygenation, and thus mainly by the wave climate and relative sea-level changes. Sandstone tempestites indicate high-frequency storms, commonly exceeding the magnitude of largest modern hurricane events. The study confirms that a change in global climate mode, such as the Early Cretaceous warming, entails extreme weather conditions.
Effects of post-awakening light exposure on heart rate variability in healthy male individuals
Authors: Petrowski Katja , Mekschrat Liza , Buehrer Stefan , Siepmann Martin , Albus Christian , Schmalbach Bjarne
Published: December 2022

Light-induced effects on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) are assumed to be mediated by retinal projections to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) via different routes. Light information for the circadian system is detected by a subset of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), however, inconsistency exists in research concerning the effects of light exposure on heart rate variability (HRV). Two within-subject experiments were conducted in a standardized sleep laboratory to investigate effects of light intensity (study I, n = 29: two days dim vs. bright light) and spectral composition (study II, n = 24: three days using red vs. blue vs. green light) on HRV parameters (RMSSD, LF, HF-HRV, LF/HF ratio). Light exposure was conducted for one-hour in the post-awakening phase at 5:00 AM. Results revealed no significant light intensity effect comparing dim light versus bright white light on HRV parameters. Light color of different wavelengths significantly influenced all HRV parameters except the low frequency, with moderate to large effect sizes. RMSSD values were elevated for all three colors compared to norm values, indicating stronger parasympathetic activation. LED light of different spectral compositions demonstrated bidirectional effects on spectral components of the HRV. Red light decreased the LF/HF ratio within 30 min, whereas with blue light, LF/HF ratio consistently increased across 40 min of light exposure.
The analytical solution to the migration of an epithelial monolayer with a circular spreading front and its implications in the gap closure process
Authors: Zhao Tiankai , Yuan Hongyan
Published: December 2022

The coordinated behaviors of epithelial cells are widely observed in tissue development, such as re-epithelialization, tumor growth, and morphogenesis. In these processes, cells either migrate collectively or organize themselves into specific structures to serve certain purposes. In this work, we study aspreading epithelial monolayer whose migrating front encloses a circular gap in the monolayer center. Such tissue is usually used to mimic thewound healing process in Virto. We model the epithelial sheet as a layer of active viscous polar fluid. With an axisymmetric assumption, the model can be analytically solved under two special conditions, suggesting two possible spreading modes for the epithelial monolayer. Based on these two sets of analytical solutions, we assess the velocity of the spreading front affected by the gap size, the active intercellular contractility, and the purse-string contraction acting on the spreading edge. Several critical values exist in the model parameters for the initiation of the gap closure process, and the purse-string contraction plays a vital role in governing the gap closure kinetics. Finally, the instability of the morphology of the spreading front was studied. Numerical calculations show how the perturbated velocities and the growth rates vary with respect to different model parameters.
Performance analysis of coherent DPSK SIMO laser-based satellite-to-ground communication link over weak-to-strong turbulence channels considering Kolmogorov and non-Kolmogorov spectrum models
Authors: Abouelez Ahmed Elsayed
Published: December 2022

In the present work, the average bit error rate (BER), outage probability (OP), and ergodic capacity of the satellite-to-ground heterodyne optical communication system with receiver spatial diversity are analysed. A differential phase-shift keying modulation technique is used. The propagated laser signal from the satellite to the ground station is assumed to be subjected to Málaga-distributed atmospheric turbulence. The atmospheric turbulence statistics are carried out based on the conventional Kolmogorov spectrum model and the three-layer altitude (TLA) non-Kolmogorov spectrum model. The performance of popular diversity combining techniques, namely, maximum ratio combining (MRC) and equal gain combining (EGC) techniques are analyzed. The statistical models of the MRC technique under the Málaga-distributed atmospheric channel model are obtained in analytical form expressions. The statistical models of the EGC technique under the Málaga-distributed atmospheric channel model are obtained via the fast Fourier transform representation of the characteristic function method. Based on these statistical models, average BER, OP, and ergodic capacity expressions for each type of diversity combining technique are derived. For the communication system under investigation, the performance of MRC and EGC multiple aperture receiver systems are compared to a single aperture receiver with the same total aperture area. These comparisons are carried out under the same conditions in terms of zenith angle and signal-to-noise ratio. The obtained results show that the performance of the optical communication system under investigation with MRC and EGC receivers can be improved by increasing the order of diversity. In addition, it is found that the difference in the performance between Kolmogorov and TLA non-Kolmogorov spectrum models is not significant at low zenith angles, while this difference increases as the zenith angle increases. All numerical results are verified by Monte-Carlo simulations.
Application of unique chitosan nanoparticles as an anti-cariogenic bacterial agent in mouthwash: Physical, stability and antibacterial properties evaluation
Authors: Villaseñor Angelica Rae Montesines , Jonjaroen Veasarach , Phonghanyudh Araya , Surarit Rudee , Niamsiri Nuttawee
Published: December 2022

Chitosan nanoparticles have long been used as antibacterial agent in several fields due to its advantages in physiochemical characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the different chitosan sources and crosslinkers used for fabricating chitosan nanoparticles (CNs) and to consider the application of CNs as an antibacterial agent in mouthwash. Different CNs structures were synthesized and subsequently incorporated into four different mouthwash solutions. Particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential of CNs were evaluated. The stability of CNs was also observed at different pH (5.0, 5.5 and 6.0) for over 2 months. At the optimal pH condition, each mouthwash formulation with CNs was tested for their antimicrobial properties against two bacterial species frequently associated with dental caries; Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. The results showed that CNs could be synthesized from both squid- and shrimp-derived chitosan materials. When CNs-TPP was resuspended in either stock buffer or mouthwash solution often have smaller particle size compared to CNs-HMP. Among four formulations, the squid CNs-TPP mouthwash was found to be the most stable in particle size ranging from pH 5.0 to 6.0 during the 2-month period. The antibacterial results showed that the CNs-TPP were more effective in killing both S. mutans and L. casei. Our findings suggested that CNs have potential to be used as an antibacterial agent in the mouthwash formulation with high stability.
WITHDRAWN: Improving Prediction Capability of Classifierusing PCA and Near-Miss based method
Authors: Mehrotra Shashi , Varish Naushad , Muttum Vinay Kumar , Kumar Vinod , Krishna Redrouthu Vamsi
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the COVID-19 and its variant are more dangerous forpeople with some health complexity, such as breast cancer, diabetes, andheart disease. Diagnosis at the early stage of these diseases may savepeople from deadly diseases and infections. However, often these diseasesare diagnosed very late. Classification algorithms are in use forthe diagnosis of several diseases. Classification result significance is amajor issue in many real-time domains which deal with class imbalancedata. Class imbalance data is one of the primary challenges for theperformance of classification models. Most sensitive and essential realtimedomain data are class imbalances, resulting in poor classificationperformance. Due to the dominancy of the major class, the classificationof the minor class may show high accuracy. Misclassification cannot be accepted in medical cases, which can cost human life as well.The paper presents a hybrid model named PNM to address the classimbalance issue and thus improve the performance of the classifiers.This proposed sampling model integrates Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and the Near-Miss sampling method. Experimental resultsshow the efficiency of the PNM model for the class imbalance data.
Quantum-enhanced receiver for quadrature phase shift keying using conjugated homodyne detection
Authors: Wu Tianyi , Ran Yang , Zhou Zichao , Guo Chang , Li Kai , Dong Chen
Published: December 2022

Coherent detection (homodyne detection/heterodyne detection) and single photon detection are commonly applied in classical communication and quantum communication/receiver respectively. In this paper, we firstly propose a quantum-enhanced receiver based on conjugated homodyne detection, which is consisted of two classical balanced homodyne detectors, for discrimination among quadrature-phase-modulated weak coherent states. Our detection part works as a photon counter in every single-shot measurement during the process of detection and feedback, which could help our quantum-enhanced receiver surpass the standard quantum limit when an optimized detection threshold $\tau = 0.3$ is selected. Moreover, our proposed quantum-enhanced receiver with conjugated homodyne detectors can obtain the same low error probability as conventional quantum-enhanced receivers (with its superconducting nanowire single photon detectors' detection efficiency 75$\%$ for pulse separation $M=8$ and 85$\%$ for $M=12$ under the same adaptive feedback countermeasures.) Meanwhile, our scheme of the quantum-enhanced receiver gains its incomparable advantages on room-temperature working condition and low cost due to the application of conjugated homodyne detectors. As far as we concerned, this is the first time to explore the performance of the quantum-enhanced receiver with commercial homodyne detectors. And the analysis in this paper may pave the way to reduce the cost of the quantum-enhanced receiver and make it more adaptable for long-distance optical communication systems.
The Effect of Educational Intervention based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model on Calcium Consumption among Pregnant Women
Authors: Amiri Masoumeh , Heidari Neda , Rajati Mojgan , Mahaki Behzad , Rajati Fatemeh
Published: December 2022

Background and objective: The consumption of calcium-rich foods among pregnant women has always been one of the challenging issues of the health care system. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of educational intervention based on Pender’s HPM on the calcium intake of pregnant women.
Materials and method: The pregnant women at three to five months were recruited using convenient sampling method and randomly assigned either to the control (n=37) or intervention (n=36) groups referred to the health centers in Kermanshah, Iran in 2019, 2020. Interventions were implemented based on the structures of Pender’s HPM with three assessments at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and after a one-month follow-up. The food frequency questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 25.
Results: There is no significant difference between the intervention and control groups at baseline (P<0.05). According to the independent sample t-test, all constructs of the Pender’s HPM except for interpersonal influences were significantly improved in the intervention rather than control groups (P>0.05).
The repeated measure ANOVA demonstrated a significant difference in the effect of the intervention on the constructs of the knowledge (F=9.40; P-value=0.001), perceived benefits (F=17.24 ; P-value=0.001), perceived barriers (F=40.80 ; P-value=0.001), perceived self-efficacy (F=10.90; P-value=0.001), activity-related affect (F= 14.85; P-value=0.001), interpersonal influences (F=21.51 ; P-value=0.001), commitment to a plan of action (F=20.20 ; P-value=0.001), and immediate competing demands and preferences (F=9.4; P-value=0.001) between the intervention and control groups. However, a significant difference was not observed in the construct of situational influences (F=1.20; P-value=0.296). The ANOVA demonstrated that the calcium consumption significantly increased in the intervention group (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Educational intervention based on the HPMchanged the nutritional behavior of calcium-rich food consumption among pregnant women. The use of Pender's HPM is recommended to improve nutritional behaviors. A theory-based educational intervention in the health care system can fill the gap in the successful implementation of nutrition education programs.
Beyond the Dams: Combatting Hydropower Over-reliance & Securing Pathways for a Low-carbon Future for Laos' Electricity Sector using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)
Authors: Wong Sebastian
Published: December 2022

Laos has seen exponential growth in the past decades, becoming one of the fastest growing economies of the 21st century. Much of its success owes to its emerging position as ‘the battery of Southeast Asia’ through the exportation of mostly hydropower. While this has brought about almost-universal praise as the beacon of ‘sustainable development’, the detractors of this notion are not without merit. A growing amount of evidence demonstrates that if Laos continues hydropower expansion in its current trajectory, a multitude of implications can stand to disenfranchise the most marginalised in Laos and beyond. Alongside this predicament, much of the world is seeking set a net-zero CO2 emissions by 2050 in order to avoid the most extreme consequences of the climate crisis.
This report seeks to draw up potential pathways to both pressing issues through utilising OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System), a long-term energy system modelling tool, to create seven scenarios that would provide insight into what pathways there are for the Lao electricity sector to wean its hydropower dependency and still be low-carbon in different capacities.
The modelling output suggests that a low-carbon future not overly-reliant on hydropower is highly feasible and five policy recommendations have transpired through drawing on common themes and key insights of the modelling output. They include the prioritisation and promotion of non-hydro RE, most namely biomass as it serves to replace coal within Laos’ generation mix, the encouragement of small-scale electricity production, transmission and distribution grid improvements and the establishment of an independent power sector regulator. Further research is encouraged to reflect the dynamic changes within RE technology development and improved upon datasets in order for increased accuracy, as well as analysis on a whole energy system level.
Hypermethylation and Down Regulation of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) as contributing factors for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)- A Case Control study from Kashmir, North India.
Authors: Ashraf Ahila , Singh Professor (Dr.) Rajesh , Ganai Professor (Dr.) Bashir Ahmad , Mir Shahnawaz
Published: December 2022

Background:Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinopathy disorder affecting a significant population of women of reproductive age globally. A myriad set of complexly intertwined factors ranging from etiological, genetic, and epigenetic causes affect this disorder. Out of the different factors, Vitamin D shows an imperative aspect in the health and fertility of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The importance of vitamin D is facilitated by vitamin D receptor (VDR), a ligand-dependent transcription factor in the steroid/ thyroid hormone receptor superfamily that controls the pleiotropic biological properties of vitamin D.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of promoter methylation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene, a transcription factor with numerous biological utilities, with its relative expression and clinico-pathological findings and outcomes.Methodology:A total of 200 blood samples were collected, 100 from PCOS case subjects and 100 from the normal healthy controls respectively, which were assessed by RT-PCR for determining the expression summary. MS- PCR for analyzing the promoter methylation status of the VDR gene. Blood samples were withdrawn respectively for each case and the control study separately experimented for different stages for the given study, of which estimation of vitamin D was also a part.Results:In this study, the occurrence of methylation status in PCOS females was found 84% compared to normal controls where it was 62%, with ap-value< 0.0001. The results of the hyper-methylatedVDR generevealed a significant inverse correlation over the expression analysis (0.55 times downregulated). Moreover, compared to the Vitamin D parameter, the hypermethylation and expression analysis of the VDR promoter was found to correspond to some associations with PCOS. Certain case and control study analyses showed that patients with normal Vitamin D levels showed less indicative effects of PCOS and vice-versa.Conclusion:Our study, being exclusive from Kashmir, one of the foremost specified that Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) confirms anomalous methylation configuration in PCOS with subsequent downregulation in the expression. Hypermethylation of the VDR gene is associated with the downregulation of its gene expression.
Mathematical modeling of heat transfer in a complex building wall considering phase change hysteresis
Authors: Sarri Abdelkader
Published: December 2022

Mathematical modeling of various physical phenomena in general and heat transfer in phase change materials (PCMs) in particular is extremely important, as it allows a deep understanding of the physical laws surrounding latent thermal storage, and on the other hand, generation of models for numerical studies that simulate the experimental protocol with fewer possible errors. On this basis, this work presents a modeling study of a complex wall containing a layer of PCM, without and taking into account the partial phase change hysteresis using the MATLAB environment. A new approach for mathematical modeling of the physical problem was discussed and validated numerically using the dynamic simulation software EnergyPlus. Similar to previous studies, simulation results demonstrated that the phenomenon of phase change hysteresis must be taken into account to more precisely define heat transfer when using PCMs in building structures.
Study on the tolerance of partially and fully depleted CPS to non-ionizing radiation
Authors:   , Linnik Benjamin
Published: December 2022

Sensors for high rate charge particle tracking have to withstand the harsh radiation doses deposited by the particles to be sensed. This holds particularly for the novel CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors, which are considered a promising sensor technology for future vertex detectors due to their very light material budget and excellent spatial resolution. To resist the radiation doses expected close to the interaction regions of heavy-ion experiments, the sensors have to be hardened against radiation doses, which exceed the native tolerance of CMOS technology significantly. In this thesis, the results of non-ionizing radiation hardness studies at the IKF on sensor prototypes developed at the IPHC in Strasbourg are presented. Our results demonstrate that the CMOS sensors evaluated in the context of this thesis can withstand non-ionizing radiation of up to 5×10^14 neq/cm^2. This hardness qualifies them as promising candidates for use in future vertex detectors.