bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consideration of the impact of the transition from a cash crop economy on the carbon footprint
Authors: Masud Rony , Enam Jihan Binte
Published: September 2023

The object of the study is the carbon footprint (CO2), which is skyrocketing despite augmented awareness of this issue and a growing willingness to act. The effects of climate change have recently become more severe and have garnered international attention. Recent discussion has focused on carbon footprint as one of the most urgent global issues facing all nations. The tradeoff between carbon footprint and economic growth for credible climate change measures is still understudied in terms of rigorous economic causal analysis. To comprehend the magnitude and speed of the transition away from an agricultural-based economy, it is necessary to quantify and compare the levels of carbon footprint associated with the agricultural, industrial, and service sectors of the country. In order to understand each economic sector's individual contributions to the overall carbon footprint and to assess the relationship between level of economic diversification and the levels of emissions, first identify the main factors and forces that have an impact on each sector's carbon footprint and then consider how the country's transition away from an agricultural-based economy has affected emissions in other economic sectors. This study investigates the impact of the economy's transition away from cash crops on carbon footprint, analyzes the conversion-affecting variables, and quantifies the significance applying the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), and then regress the model. It is found that there is an inverted U-shaped pattern in the association between carbon footprint and each of industry, service, and manufacturing value added; agriculture, however, shows insignificant inverted U-shaped pattern. In addition, we discovered that every dependent variable – aside from the GDP contribution of agriculture – has a positive correlation with carbon footprint. Analysis revealed that improving agriculture results in lower carbon dioxide emissions. While the economic contributions of agriculture are more environmentally friendly, those of industry, services, and manufacturing leave carbon footprints behind to achieve sustainability, agricultural policy subsidies and deregulation may function as driving factors for the expansion of the cash crop economy. On the one hand, tax policy may be an effective instrument for boosting low-carbon energy consumption in the sector. It is presumptive that environmental phenomena, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and flues, have not had a significant impact on the economy. This article is pertinent to the nations now dealing with significant environmental problems.
Examining the leadership approaches adopted by Fintech management when implementing organizational change prompted by digital transformation
Authors: Musaigwa Misheck , Kalitanyi Vivence
Published: September 2023

The object of this research is the role of leadership in the Fintech business during change which is prompted by digital transformation. The financial sector is going through fundamental changes because of the emergence of new digital technologies. The digital transformation in the financial sector is largely being driven by Fintech. As leadership plays a fundamental role in managing change, it is essential to understand their role and whether the traditional leadership styles are still relevant in the digital era. Interviews were used to collect data from ten participants who are managers responsible for change in a Fintech firm under study. The study adopted purposive sampling to identify managers with relevant experience in change management and digital transformation. The findings of the study indicate that managers are still using the old or traditional management approach and leadership style to manage change in the digital era. In addition, the firm’s leadership understands the importance of including organizational members in the planning and implementation of change. In addition, buy-in was found to be essential as leaders acknowledged its significance. It was also indicated that some of the roles in the traditional leadership style are still relevant in the digital era as they are blended with the digital leadership style. The leadership of the Fintech understudy are recommended to embrace the new digital leadership style which requires them to understand the demands of the digital era to survive and be successful in the contemporary business environment. Moreover, the firm is recommended to examine digital leadership, which is a new concept of leadership in the digital era. Current literature suggests that this new leadership concept is effective when an organization is implementing digital transformation. Digital leaders are expected to have networking intelligence as an essential element that enables them to build networks.
Why unending? Migrations and the political economy of the xenophobic conflict in South Africa: a systematic review
Authors: Olufemi Akinrinde Olawale
Published: September 2023

The object of the research is the interaction between unending migrations and the political economy as significant drivers of xenophobic conflicts. The phenomenon of xenophobic conflict in South Africa has garnered increasing attention due to its recurrent violent nature and socio-political implications. This study delves, systematically, into the intricate connection between migration and the politics of xenophobia in South Africa. It examines how migrations, both internal and external, have influenced the development of xenophobic conflict within South Africa, alongside the historical context of the entrenched apartheid system. It further explores the underlying motives of those engaging in xenophobic acts while examining the responses of civil society and the government. By analyzing existing literature and conducting qualitative reviews of the experiences of the victims of xenophobic violence, this study contends that xenophobia in South Africa, among other factors, is a lasting legacy of the apartheid era that has created unequal economic power relations between the South African blacks and the few dominant whites. Findings further underscore the significance of understanding contemporary migration patterns in the 21st century from the context of entrenched economic inequalities, economic disenfranchisements, rising poverty among the indigenous black South African community in South Africa. In addition, economic disparities, resource scarcity, and competition for employment opportunities have emerged for being pivotal catalysts of conflict, thereby exacerbating tensions between native black South Africans and the African immigrant populations in South Africa. Relying on findings, this study thus argues that xenophobia remains an ongoing and persistent challenge that demands urgent attention from policymakers in South Africa. In conclusion, this study underscores the necessity of addressing the xenophobic conflict in South Africa through a multidimensional approach. Policymakers, civil society, and academia must collaborate to formulate strategies that target both the economic and socio-political drivers of such conflicts. By acknowledging the historical context, rectifying inequalities, and promoting accurate narratives, it becomes possible to foster a more inclusive and harmonious society, thereby mitigating the unending cycle of xenophobic tensions, phobia and violence.
Interconnections assessment of banking capitalization with macroeconomic stability, including corruption and shadow economy
Authors: Didenko Iryna , Yefimenko Alina
Published: September 2023

The research focuses on bank capitalization and macroeconomic stability, including corruption and the shadow economy. A well-capitalized banking system and a low corruption level are important for maintaining macroeconomic stability and reducing the size of the shadow economy. The paper is aimed at assessing the relationship between bank capitalization and macroeconomic stability, which includes corruption and shadow economy through canonical analysis. The research is conducted on the basis of financial and economic reporting of 35 countries with different levels of socio-economic development during 2010–2021 based on data from the World Bank and the European Central Bank. The main input blocks macroeconomic stability – corruption – shadow economy are characterized.
During the research, the following tools were used:
– methods of grouping, analysis and comparison in determining the characteristics of the elements of the chain «level of capitalization of the banking system – macroeconomic stability – corruption – shadow economy»;
– factor analysis by applying the method of principal components in the selection of statistically significant indicators of the bank capitalization level and macroeconomic stability.
The quantitative assessment of the bank capitalization level revealed the following dependencies: there is a strong correlation between return on assets and the level of non-performing loans, return on assets and return on equity. Using the principal components method, the following statistically significant indicators of macroeconomic stability were identified: GDP, Gini index, corruption perception index, corruption control index, and political stability index.
Research, based on the canonical analysis, determined that 71.1% of changes in macroeconomic stability indicators are explained by fluctuations in the level of bank capitalization. The level of non-performing loans has a negative impact on macroeconomic stability, while the volatility of return on assets and return on equity has a greater positive impact on the development of the country's economy.
The obtained results can be used by banks in the development of their resource and management policies, in the analysis of the volatility of capitalization level, by state bodies in the development of national policies of the country's economic development.
Neuropsychological Education in Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Authors: Quintino-Aires Joaquim
Published: September 2023

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorders (CDs) is a prevalent condition (between 5% and 10%). It is common for symptoms to manifest for many years, sometimes continuing into adulthood, such as severe personality disorders, including alcohol and drug abuse and criminal behavior. Prevalence has shown to have increased considerably over the second half of the twentieth century (Harrison, Cowen, Burns, & Fazel, 2018). The historical cultural neuropsychology allows us to think and work in a new, different way, which has shown itself to be very promising, with good results (Quintino-Aires, 2012, 2016a, 2020a). This article presents the work of our team in neuropsychological education, guided by neuropsychological rehabilitation proposed by Luria (1963, 1966b, 1970) with these children and young people. It also refers the way we use the theory of the formation of mental actions step-by-step by P. Gal’perin, both in structuring the therapeutic session with the child or adolescent ODD and CD, as well as in the pedagogical work with the parents. The case A.B., 10-year-old boy, adopted at the age of five, helps to illustrate the way these cases are usually followed in child psychiatry and clinical psychology, and what may be different within the approach of historical cultural neuropsychology. A brief review of neuroscience research is presented, particularly in neuroimaging studies, so that we can better integrate the clinical work with the boy A.B. The results of our clinical practice suggest that this may be a good working approach for the treatment of ODD and CD. More systematized and extended studies are needed with a greater number of clients.
Qualitative and Quantitative Neuropsychological Assessment: A False Dichotomy
Authors: Peña-Casanova Jordi
Published: September 2023

Neuropsychological examination tries to define the state of the mental capacities of patients with brain injury. Traditionally, a dichotomy is established between qualitative and quantitative (psychometric) evaluations. Luria’s qualitative evaluation is frequently opposed to “western” psychometric approaches. After reviewing a series of topics (symptoms due to brain lesions, assessment objectives, functional brain model, complex functional systems, and the metric characteristics of neuropsychological variables), it is concluded that a good neuropsychological assessment requires both quantitative and qualitative approaches.
Subjectivity and Constitution of the Subject in the Cultural-Historical Clinic: An Experience Report
Authors: Oliveira Neto José da Silva , Lima Ana Ignez Belém , Melo Aline Guilherme de , Clarindo Janailson Monteiro , Oliveira Artur Bruno Fonseca de
Published: September 2023

Cultural-Historical Psychology, developed by Lev S. Vygotsky, is a complex theory which responds to contemporary clinical needs, since it considers social relations and subjectivity as a historical process. This experience report aims to point out the clinical paths built and carried out with a patient from the Applied Psychology Service (APS) of a public university in the state of Ceará, during a Cultural-Historical psychotherapy process. All ethical procedures were followed and this study was based on a qualitative perspective in psychology, and also, case study was used as a methodological approach, considering that it allows greater detail and deepening about the studied object. From the studied case and the interventions carried out by the psychologist, changes were noticed in both the patient’s subjective dynamics and his way of life, as a result of the psychotherapeutic mediation on the mentioned approach. Thus, the present article is among the few clinical studies about Cultural-Historical Psychology, adding up to the greater promotion and production in this field.
Physiological responses of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants to biochar application under water deficit conditions
Authors: REYES-HERRERA Daniel F. , SÁNCHEZ-REINOSO Alefsi D. , LOMBARDINI Leonardo , RESTREPO-DÍAZ Hermann
Published: September 2023

Water deficit is one of the main abiotic stressors in crop production. The development of strategies to improve plant tolerance to water deficits has gained importance. Biochar application can be considered an alternative to mitigate abiotic stress. The use of coffee pulp to produce biochar could be a novel strategy for improving drought tolerance in coffee crops. Coffer plants cv. ‘Castillo’ were grown in pots or PVC pipes filled with silt loam soil in two separate experiments to evaluate the effect of coffee pulp biochar application on physiological responses under water deficit conditions. Four different biochar doses (0, 4, 8, and 16 t · ha-1) were used. A water deficit was imposed through progressive reduction irrigation (25%, 50%, 75%, and 90% of water lost via evapotranspiration). The leaf gas exchange, maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), biomass, and water status were measured. Reduced irrigation negatively affected the Fv/Fm, leaf gas exchange, biomass, and water status. Biochar (8 t ha-1) increased photosynthesis in both well-irrigated plants (6 µmol m-2 s-1) and with reduced irrigation (3.5 µmol m-2 s-1) compared to 0 t ha-1 biochar (reduced irrigation: 1.8 µmol m-2 s-1 and well irrigated: 3.9 µmol m-2 s-1). In conclusion, 8 t ha-1 biochar can be a recommended practice for coffee production, not only to capture carbon and reintroduce it to the soil, but also to alleviate the effects of moderate water deficit. In future investigations, biochar application can be evaluated as an alternative to soil management or coffee plant nutrition, and its interaction with drought stress scenarios.
Metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal the colouring mechanism of red honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.)
Authors: ZHANG Xiaodong , LI Caixia , HAO Zhanchao
Published: September 2023

Honeysuckle has been widely used as a medicinal herb and food additive in China for a long time. However, little is known about the pigment composition and colouring mechanism of red honeysuckle, which is a rare germplasm resource. This study aims to investigate the anthocyanin components and colouring mechanism of red honeysuckle, and to identify potential regulatory genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. ‘Yujin 1’ and ‘Yujin 2’, with yellow-white and red flower buds, respectively, were selected for the study. Using a metabolomics method, we identified the anthocyanin components, while transcriptomics analysis was used to mine the structural and regulatory genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Additionally, protein-protein interaction analysis was employed to predict the regulation mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis. The results revealed that cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, peonidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were the main pigment components of red honeysuckle. We also constructed a possible anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway and identified MYB and bHLH transcription factors that may play regulatory roles in this pathway. Furthermore, our findings suggest that bHLH23 may regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis by binding to the DFR gene promoter. These findings have significant implications for breeding new honeysuckle varieties and developing functional foods and medicines.
GIS based soil erosion assessment using the USLE model for efficient land management: A case study in an area with diverse pedo-geomorphological and bioclimatic characteristics
Authors: SESTRAS Paul , MIRCEA Sevastel , ROȘCA Sanda , BILAȘCO Ștefan , SĂLĂGEAN Tudor , DRAGOMIR Lucian O. , HERBEI Mihai V. , BRUMA Simion , SABOU Catalin , MARKOVIĆ Rastko , KADER Shuraik
Published: September 2023

The complex environmental process of soil erosion is crucial to sustainable land management and conservation. This study uses the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model to understand the intricate interactions that cause soil erosion in Cluj County, Romania, a region susceptible to complex erosion and landslide phenomenon. The established analysis depicts erosion patterns from localised hotspots to regions of relative stability, providing valuable insights into this critical issue. Spatial distribution maps with color-coded gradients show soil erosion risk and identify vulnerable regions, with temporal investigations depicting how environmental changes affect soil erosion, making it relevant to soil conservation and land management. A careful analysis of the USLE model's parameters (Ls, Cs, C, S, K) shows their soil erosion contributions. The erosion rates were graded in five classes in accordance to general practices of USLE modelling, which range from very-low, low, moderate, high and very-high susceptibility to soil erosion. While a significant majority of the county’s surface is represented by very-low and low erosion risk, several hotspots were identified with intense erosion processes that highlights the critical need to implement soil conservation measures in the area.  Identifying erosion hotspots and conservation solutions encourages stakeholders to protect soils, and can provide policymakers with useful information for developing improved guidelines for soil and water conservation.
Micropropagation of autochthonous olive varieties from Türkiye
Authors: CIFTCI Zeliha , SAKAR Ebru , ERCISLI Sezai , ODABASIOGLU Mehmet Ilhan , ZEJAK Dejan , SPALEVIC Velibor
Published: September 2023

Olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the oldest cultivated fruit species in the world. Fruits and oils of autocthonous olive varieties (native Turkish olive varieties) with unique sensory properties (taste, smell and aroma) gain importance recently. Particularly olive oil companies looking for varieties that have distinct taste, smell and aroma in their oil. Propagation of olive varieties by cuttings and grafting is very difficult and expensive, therefore it is important to find solution for easy and mass propagation. Micropropagation is particularly beneficial to propagate plants that are difficult to reproduce conventionally or to ensure virus-free plants or plants with particular qualities. In this study, in vitro micropropagation success of two autocthonous olive varieties (‘Mavi’ and ‘Guleki’) grown in the origin center of olive, Southeast Anatolia, Türkiye was investigated. Both varieties, have distinct smell, taste and aroma and are difficult to root by cuttings. The effects of three different medium OM (Olive Medium), WPM (Woody Plant Medium) and DKW (Driver-Kuniyuki Walnut Medium) and two different growth regulators BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and Zeatin on shoot induction (proliferation) in the in vitro micropropagation of the olive varieties were examined. Obtained  shoots were later subjected to in vitro rooting and acclimatization. The highest proliferation efficiency and shoot length for both varieties were obtained with the use of 1 mg Zeatin+0.1 mg GAɜ hormone combinations on OM medium. ‘Mavi’ variety formed more roots compared to ‘Guleki’ (3.33 vs. 2.75 per shoots), and gave the highest rooting rate of 74.33% with 2 mg IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) treatment on ½ OM medium. In terms of rooting rate, Guleki gave the highest rooting (100%) on medium containing ½ OM, 0.2 mg GA3 and 4 mg IBA. 60% and 75% of the micropropagated plants of ‘Mavi’ and ‘Guleki’ varieties adapted well to the external conditions.
Increasing rainwater use efficiency, gross return, and grain protein of rain-fed maize under nitrate and urea nitrogen forms
Authors: OCHIENG’ Isaiah O. , RANJAN Shivani , SELEIMAN Mahmoud F. , PADHAN Smruti R. , PSIWA Rodah , SOW Sumit , WASONGA Daniel O. , GITARI Harun I.
Published: September 2023

The soil's capability to adjust and mitigate the effects of water shortage due to climate change is limited in some regions such those that suffer from the low rainfall rates. This experimental field study aimed to assess the effects of two inorganic nitrogen forms on maize performance (i.e., growth, yield, grain protein content, and gross returns) and rainwater use efficiency (RUE). Treatments comprised three replicates of synthetic nitrogen forms (i.e., urea and nitrate) that were located in the main plots with four levels that were assigned to the subplots (i.e., 0, 25, 50, and 100 kg N ha-1). Nitrate application resulted in a higher plant height (62 cm) at the vegetative phase with superior values (11.6%) recorded in grain protein than those obtained from other treatments. In addition, the highest grain yield was obtained in nitrate-treated plots in comparison to other N application forms. The leaf area index registered optimal values when 50 kg N ha-1 was applied. On the application of two nitrogen forms, nitrate resulted in a higher RUE (2.1-3.4 kg ha-1 mm-1) than that obtained from maize treated with urea (1.3-1.9 kg ha-1 mm-1). This translated to a 123-234% increase in RUE over the control (N0), which is the key smallholder farmers’ practice. It is recommended that producing maize using nitrate nitrogen at 50 kg N ha-1 as opposed to urea can increase yield stability, and rain use efficiency with higher gross returns in water-scarce agro-ecologies in SSA.
FINITE-AMPLITUDE INTERNAL SOLITARYWAVES IN A SHEAR FLOW OF A TWO-LAYER FLUID
Authors: Ermishina Viktoriia E. , Chesnokov A. A.
Published: September 2023

We consider a nonlinear system of equations that describes the propagation of finite-amplitude internal waves in two-layer stratified shallow water under a cover in the Boussinesq approximation. Within the framework of this model, we study solitary waves, taking into account the nonhydrostatic pressure distribution in one or both layers, and also consider the case of weakly nonlinear waves. In the class of traveling waves, this model is reduced to an ordinary differential equation for determining the profile of a solitary wave in a shear flow. This equation admits an analytical study. The conditions for the existence of solitary waves adjacent to a given constant flow are determined by two dimensionless parameters related to the wave speed and the velocity shear of the undisturbed flow. Examples of solitary waves are given. These examples demonstrate the effects of the velocity shear on the waveform.
Mn (IV) oxide/Mn (IV) sulfide/poly-2-amino-1-mercaptobenzene for green hydrogen generation
Authors: Rabia Mohamed , Elsayed Asmaa M , Alnuwaiser Maha Abdallah
Published: September 2023

A manganese (IV) oxide (MnO2)–manganese (IV) sulfide (MnS2)/poly-2-amino-1-mercaptobenzene (P2AMB) nanocomposite is prepared through a polymerization reaction (oxidation) and is utilized as a highly photo-electrocatalytic material for green hydrogen generation from sewage water. The manganese (IV) oxide–manganese (IV) sulfide/P2AMB nanocomposite demonstrates remarkable optical properties, characterized by a band gap of 1.81 eV. To promote the water-splitting reaction by the synthesized manganese (IV) oxide–manganese (IV) sulfide/P2AMB nanocomposite photoelectrode, sewage water is utilized as a sacrificial agent to facilitate effectively the generation of hydrogen gas through the evaluation of the current (J ph). At −0.9 V, the J ph and J o values are determined to be −0.33 and −0.2 mA/cm2, respectively. Notably, an optimum J ph value of −0.26 mA/cm2 is observed for incident photons at 340 nm, indicating that light with higher frequency and energy leads to the generation of more electrons from the manganese (IV) oxide–manganese (IV) sulfide/P2AMB nanocomposite and subsequent hydrogen production. Conversely, the lowest J ph value of −0.21 mA/cm2 is obtained at 730 nm, suggesting the influence of infrared waves on the photoelectrode due to the small band gap (1.86 eV) of the materials, as calculated in a previous analysis. This study represents an initial step toward the conversion of wastewater into hydrogen gas, which can serve as a sustainable fuel source for various industrial applications.
Treatment of IgA Nephropathy: A Rapidly Evolving Field
Authors: El Karoui Khalil , Fervenza Fernando C. , De Vriese An S.
Published: September 2023

The pivotal event in the pathophysiology of IgA nephropathy is the binding of circulating IgA-containing immune complexes to mesangial cells, with secondary glomerular and tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. The paramount difficulty in the management of IgA nephropathy is the heterogeneity in its clinical presentation and prognosis, requiring an individualized treatment approach. Goal-directed supportive care remains the bedrock of therapy for all patients, regardless of risk of progression. Sodium–glucose transporter 2 inhibitors and sparsentan should be integral to contemporary supportive care, particularly in patients with chronic kidney damage. Pending the development of reliable biomarkers, it remains a challenge to identify patients prone to progression due to active disease and most likely to derive a net benefit from immunosuppression. The use of clinical parameters, including the degree of proteinuria, the presence of persistent microscopic hematuria, and the rate of eGFR loss, combined with the mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary hypercellularity, segmental glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis, crescents score, is currently the best approach. Systemic glucocorticoids are indicated in high-risk patients, but the beneficial effects wane after withdrawal and come at the price of substantial treatment-associated toxicity. Therapies with direct effect on disease pathogenesis are increasingly becoming available. While targeted-release budesonide has garnered the most attention, anti–B-cell strategies and selective complement inhibition will most likely prove their added value. We propose a comprehensive approach that tackles the different targets in the pathophysiology of IgA nephropathy according to their relevance in the individual patient.
Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Children with Epilepsy (ILAE Task Force Report): Epilepsy and ADHD
Authors: Besag Frank , Gobbi Giuseppe , Caplan Rochelle , Sillanpää Matti , Aldenkamp Albert , Dunn David W.
Published: September 2023

ADHD occurs in about 30% of children with epilepsy. The causes of ADHD features include some antiepileptic drugs, the epilepsy itself and underlying brain dysfunction. Management of the ADHD will depend on the cause. Treatment with methylphenidate is effective in about 70% of cases; standard treatments with methylphenidate, dexamfetamine and atomoxetine are very unlikely to exacerbate seizures.
Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Children with Epilepsy (ILAE Task Force Report): Epilepsy and Autism
Authors: Besag Frank , Aldenkamp Albert , Caplan Rochelle , Dunn David W. , Gobbi Giuseppe , Sillanpää Matti
Published: September 2023

A high proportion of children with epilepsy have autism spectrum disorder. Although estimates vary, depending both on the population studied and the definitions used, a figure of around 20% has typically been reported. Autism can have a major impact on the life of the child and family. Despite the importance of this comorbidity and although many studies have been performed, a full understanding of the possible links between epilepsy and autism remains elusive. In a minority of cases, for example in the Landau‐Kleffner syndrome, the autistic features can be the result of the epilepsy itself. However, there has been a failure to demonstrate that the epilepsy itself plays a major role in most cases. The current evidence seems to point to a common underlying predisposing factor. The discovery of a growing number of genetic defects leading to both conditions would support this explanation of the link.
Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Children with Epilepsy (ILAE Task Force Report): Anxiety, depression and childhood epilepsy
Authors: Dunn David W. , Besag Frank , Caplan Rochelle , Aldenkamp Albert , Gobbi Giuseppe , Sillanpää Matti
Published: September 2023

Anxiety and depression are relatively common in children with epilepsy: anxiety has been reported in 15–36% and depression in 8–35% of patients. In some cases these conditions may be related specifically to the epilepsy or its treatment. For example, some antiepileptic drugs are known to be associated with depression in adults and are likely to have a similar effect in young people. Emotional reactions to the epilepsy, for example anxieties and social phobia related specifically to the seizures, might be expected and require appropriate management. However, there is a growing recognition of the bidirectional relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders, including depression, largely based on adult data. Cognitive behavioural therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are used for treatment of both anxiety and depression in children with epilepsy. There is a need for greater understanding of the causes of these conditions in young people and there is also a need for better evidence for optimal treatment.
Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Children with Epilepsy (ILAE Task Force Report): Adverse cognitive and behavioural effects of antiepileptic drugs in children
Authors: Aldenkamp Albert , Besag Frank , Gobbi Giuseppe , Caplan Rochelle , Dunn David W. , Sillanpää Matti
Published: September 2023

The literature was evaluated for cognitive and more general behavioural effects. We distinguished the older antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), from the newer and newest AEDs. The striking finding was the lack of information on children. From the available evidence it would appear that there may be negative cognitive effects with phenobarbital, phenytoin, topiramate and zonisamide, and adverse behavioural effects with phenobarbital, valproate, gabapentin, topiramate, levetiracetam and zonisamide. There is inconclusive data on ethosuximide, clobazam, vigabatrin, felbamate, pregabalin, stiripentol, rufinamide, lacosamide and retigabine. The following drugs appear to be neutral with regard to cognitive effects: valproate, carbamazepine, gabapentin and oxcarbazepine. Carbamazepine appears to be neutral with regard to behavioural effects. Positive cognitive effects have been reported with lamotrigine and levetiracetam. Positive behavioural effects have been reported with lamotrigine. Recommendations are provided.
Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Children with Epilepsy (ILAE Task Force Report): When should pharmacotherapy for psychiatric/behavioural disorders in children with epilepsy be prescribed?
Authors: Besag Frank , Aldenkamp Albert , Caplan Rochelle , Dunn David W. , Gobbi Giuseppe , Sillanpää Matti
Published: September 2023

The most important factor in deciding whether psychotropic medication should be prescribed is a meticulous assessment of the possible causes of the behavioural/psychiatric disturbance. This assessment should include a consideration of the possible roles of the epilepsy itself, treatment of the epilepsy, associated brain damage or dysfunction, reactions to the epilepsy and causes that are unrelated to the epilepsy or its treatment. If the epilepsy itself or antiepileptic drug treatment are responsible for the disorder then a review of antiepileptic medication is required. Contrary to popular myth, most psychotropic medications are not contraindicated in children with epilepsy. Treatment with methylphenidate, dexamfetamine, atomoxetine, clonidine or low‐dose risperidone are unlikely to precipitate seizures. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors might protect against seizures but some of these are powerful enzyme inhibitors, implying that careful monitoring to avoid antiepileptic drug toxicity is recommended. In many cases, the appropriate approach will be through other interventions such as behavioural management or providing the young person with empowering strategies, implying that psychotropic pharmacotherapy should not be the first‐line treatment. However, if assessment indicates that psychotropic medication is necessary, it can be of great benefit.
Eettisen suunnittelun diskurssi: Älykkään teknologian ja sen etiikan suunnittelu – Esimerkkitapaus diabetes
Authors: Saariluoma Pertti , Myllylä Mari , Salo-Pöntinen Henrikki , Hallamaa Jaana
Published: September 2023

Tämä dokumentti sisältää eettisen suunnitteludiskurssin kuvauksen, jossa tapausesimerkkinä toimii II-tyypin diabeteksen ehkäiseminen. Ontologia, jolle tapausesimerkki perustuu, on luonteeltaan yleismaailmallinen. Toisin sanoen sitä voidaan hyödyntää minkä tahansa suunnitteludiskurssin ohjaamiseksi.
Emprendimiento peruano en el marco del desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Boscán Carroz Mariby C. , Meleán Romero Rosana A. , Chávez Vera Kerwin José , Calanchez Urribarri África
Published: September 2023

en el contexto peruano, el emprendimiento se ha consolidado como un factor determinante para impulsar el progreso social y económico del país. Además, desempeña un papel activo en la consecución de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible propuestos por las Naciones Unidas. El objetivo central del estudio fue establecer la relación entre el emprendimiento peruano y el desarrollo sostenible. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, correlacional y transversal. La población de estudio se estableció utilizando datos del informe técnico Demografía Empresarial del Perú, según este informe, se registraron y establecieron 2054 emprendimientos en el año 2021, con un ciclo de vida de dos años en el momento del estudio. Para la muestra se seleccionaron intencionalmente 746 emprendimientos. Se utilizó un cuestionario compuesto por 40 ítems con opciones de respuesta tipo Likert, fue validado por cinco expertos y se estableció su confiabilidad a través de la medida Alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo un coeficiente muy confiable de 0.93. Los datos resultantes fueron analizados utilizando el programa estadístico SPSS versión 25. Los resultados revelaron una correlación positiva moderada entre el emprendimiento en Perú y el desarrollo sostenible. En conclusión, el emprendimiento en Perú está relacionado de manera significativa con el desarrollo sostenible, especialmente en términos de contribución a los ODS y la promoción de la innovación y adaptabilidad. Sin embargo, se requiere una mayor atención a la participación comunitaria para fortalecer la relación entre el emprendimiento y la comunidad en general
Trade and inclusive economic growth: China and Latin America (2004-2021)
Authors: Angulo-Bustinza Harold D. , Lis-Gutiérrez Jenny Paola
Published: September 2023

China has consolidated itself as a global economic power, and its growth has been remarkable. China’s economic influence in Latin America has significantly increased, and the country has become one of the region’s most important and relevant trade partners. Therefore, the trade relations between Latin America and China are considered “strategic.” In this context, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between international trade with China and inclusive economic growth in Latin America from 2004 to 2021, using data from 13 countries in the region (Uruguay, Peru, Paraguay, Panama, Mexico, El Salvador, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina). Our research is quantitative in nature, with a non-experimental design and a correlational scope. The econometric model used panel data and the Newey-West estimator to account for first-order autocorrelation in the error. The results indicate a statistically significant and negative relationship between Latin American exports to China, which has a 10% impact on inclusive economic growth. Similarly, imports from China to Latin America show a statistically significant and negative relationship of 5% with inclusive economic growth. However, no discernible evidence was found to support a relationship between China’s foreign direct investment (FDI) in Latin American countries and inclusive economic growth.
Innovación y políticas públicas como factores para promover el desarrollo de organizaciones de turismo en Colombia
Authors: Zuñiga-Collazos Alexander , Gómez-López Julian Mauricio , Ríos-Obando José Fabián , Vargas-García Lina Marcela
Published: September 2023

el sector turismo por su importancia en el desarrollo económico y social de los territorios merece ser analizado desde diferentes perspectivas,como, por ejemplo, la dinámica que subyace a la innovación de las organizaciones del sector; por cuenta de las acciones del Estado ysu injerencia en los resultados de estas. En ese sentido, el propósito de esta investigación es establecer la relación entre las políticas públicas y lainnovación de las empresas del sector turismo, como factor fundamental para promover acciones dirigidas a fortalecer la competitividad de lasorganizaciones. Este estudio correlacional analizó los resultados obtenidos de un instrumento aplicado a 100 pequeñas y medianas empresasturísticas en una región de Colombia durante 2020-2021. Los datos se analizaron utilizando un método multivariado de segunda generación,conocido como modelado de ecuaciones estructurales de mínimos cuadrados parciales, a través del software SmartPLS. Fue posible verificarla validez de la relación entre la gestión de las políticas públicas, observada a partir de su transparencia, y la innovación en las organizacionesanalizadas. Igualmente, el valor del modelo estructural mostró un buen ajuste y las cuatro hipótesis propuestas para el constructo de transparenciay su relación con la innovación son válidas, por lo que, al mejorar la gobernanza desde pilares como el buen gobierno y prácticasanticorrupción, se puede favorecer la generación transversal de innovación en las organizaciones.
Selection and evaluation of functionality of closed program execution environments (sandboxes) for testing and detection of potentially dangerous files and programs
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation, Arkhipova Anastasia B. , Bereznoy Anton S. ,   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

Sandbox technologies provide the most effective mechanisms to protect against targeted and zero-day attacks. The principle of the sandbox is that suspicious software runs in a specially prepared environment for it, isolated from the rest of the infrastructure. The work analyzed the methods for implementing sandboxes to assess and select the functionality of closed environments. We considered local sandboxes, which are part of many antiviruses. They implement isolation based on partial file system virtualization and registry. Analyzed network sandboxes, which have fewer restrictions than local ones, since they do not reduce the performance of the user's computer and allow you to check potential threats on various operating systems. To select and evaluate closed environments, two companies were selected in the work that provide sand-boxes both in software and hardware form and using ready-made images for virtualization environments: Fortinet's FortiSandBox and Positive Technologies' PT Sandbox. Product testing took place in demo mode, in a VMware workstation virtual environment.
As concepções de educação ambiental no panorama dos recursos midiáticos
Authors: Gomes Czekalski Riceli , Matos Uhmann Rosangela Inês
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa tem por finalidade elencar a Educação Ambiental (EA) em tempos de crise ambiental, que exige mais diálogo e reflexão devido a sua complexidade e importância na contemporaneidade. Para tanto, observamos as concepções de EA predominantes em recursos midiáticos encontrados em um evento e duas revistas que ressaltam a EA. Também, investigamos como os professores abordam a EA com tais recursos, a exemplo dos documentários, filmes e vídeos, com o intuito de entender as concepções de EA com base em Mello e Trivelato (1999), sendo: conservadora, ecologia social e ecologia política nos recursos midiáticos, e no viés da estratégia didática utilizada. Assim, deste estudo emergiu a categoria: Concepções de EA nos recursos midiáticos e nas estratégias didáticas. Portanto, os resultados demonstraram a importância de tal reflexão sobre o trabalho docente, vislumbrando que as concepções de EA precisam ser entendidas na abordagem dos educadores ambientais como ponto de partida para a escolha não só do recurso midiático, como da estratégia didática utilizada, para o qual urge mais estudos junto ao contexto escolar na formação inicial e continuada, objetivando perpassar a práxis pedagógica com foco na EA de forma transversal em uma perspectiva holística, humanista e transformadora.
Representaciones sociales sobre las prácticas de laboratorio: implicaciones epistemológicas y prácticas para la formación inicial de docentes
Authors: Soto-Lombana Carlos Arturo , Angulo-Delgado Fanny , Mazzitelli Claudia , Zorrilla Erica , Calle Restrepo Alejandro
Published: September 2023

Las prácticas de laboratorio han sido reconocidas como una herramienta metodológica y didáctica en la formación científica de los estudiantes. Los profesores de ciencias naturales suelen integrar las prácticas de laboratorio a un modelo didáctico adaptado a las particularidades del contexto, a los recursos disponibles y a las necesidades formativas de los estudiantes. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio realizado con 35 profesores de ciencias naturales, de los cuales 24 son egresados de una facultad de educación (docentes en servicio) que se desempeñan en la educación básica y media; mientras que los 11 docentes restantes se ocupan de la formación inicial de profesores (docentes formadores), con el objetivo de identificar las representaciones sociales de las prácticas experimentales en la formación docente inicial, a partir de sus opiniones. Como resultados se encuentra que los docentes (formadores y en servicio) dan un importante valor a las prácticas de laboratorio como una estrategia en la formación científica de los estudiantes; no obstante, los docentes en servicio sienten insatisfacción por la no correspondencia entre la formación recibida y las posibilidades de replicarla con sus estudiantes. Este resultado muestra la necesidad de abordar la formación epistemológica con los docentes en formación, sobre los sentidos de las prácticas de laboratorio en el contexto universitario y en el contexto escolar.
Preparación y desarrollo de un curso de preanatomía dirigido a estudiantes del programa académico de Medicina y Cirugía
Authors: Osorio Sonia
Published: September 2023

Este artículo presenta la preparación y desarrollo de un curso de conceptualización de bases anatómicas llamado pre-anatomía, el cual fue mediado por las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (tic) para estudiantes universitarios de primer año del programa académico de Medicina y Cirugía de la Universidad del Valle (Cali-Colombia). El trabajo siguió las premisas epistemológicas del conocimiento tecnológico y pedagógico del contenido, y se diseñaron cuatro módulos para la enseñanza, aprendizaje y evaluación: 1) Teoría anatómica, 2) Dibujo anatómico, 3) Manejo de plataformas virtuales y 4) Literacidad Médica. En este artículo se exponen las actividades planeadas para cada una de las clases del primer módulo, que partieron de entrevistas a profesores expertos en el área para conocer la representación del contenido (CoRe) de conceptos fundamentales de la Anatomía Macroscópica Humana, y los objetivos de enseñanza, que incluyeron la integración de competencias científicas a través de la construcción de modelos anatómicos. El proceso de preparación y desarrollo del curso permitió hacer una propuesta de enseñanza, aprendizaje y evaluación (E-AEv) orientada a disminuir el énfasis transmisionista, en el que el profesor es el centro del proceso, a una E-A-Ev centrada en el estudiante.
A contribuição da teoria freireana para a educação de jovens e adultos
Authors: Marchesoni Laís , Midori Shimazaki Elsa , Amaral Garboggini Di Giorgi Cristiano
Published: September 2023

Neste texto, reflete-se sobre a contribuição da teoria de Paulo Freire para a Educação de Jovens e Adultos, principalmente no que se refere às práticas educativas e para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem realizado nessa modalidade específica de ensino. Para tanto, utiliza-se como metodologia uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre a teoria freireana, a compreender suas contribuições ao trabalho educativo com jovens e adultos em processo de alfabetização. Por meio de uma pesquisa-ação na modalidade eja, desenvolveram-se atividades a partir de um tema do cotidiano dos alunos, a trabalhar com conteúdos que se relacionem com as práticas sociais dos educandos. Os resultados demonstram que a teoria de Paulo Freire: i) contribui na formação do homem, como ser social e participante na sociedade; ii) possibilita a aprendizagem mais efetiva e abrangente, no que se refere às necessidades sociais dos educandos jovens e adultos; iii) evidencia a importância do trabalho pedagógico adequado destinado à modalidade investigada.
Visões de mundo de crianças na elaboração de programas escolares na Educação em Ciências com base em Paulo Freire
Authors: Barbosa Letícia dos Santos , Solino Ana Paula , Gehlen Simoni Tormohlen
Published: September 2023

Baseado nos pressupostos de Paulo Freire, o objetivo da presente pesquisa consiste em investigar de que forma é possível ouvir as crianças e qual o papel de suas visões de mundo na elaboração de programas escolares via Tema Geradores. Para isso, foi realizado um processo formativo de professores de uma escola de Educação Infantil localizada na cidade de Ilhéus, interior do estado da Bahia, Brasil, durante atividades relacionadas ao processo de obtenção e sistematização de Temas Geradores, consistindo em duas etapas: i) obtenção de desenhos realizados pelas crianças a partir de problemas locais; ii) elaboração da Rede Temática Complementar e da programação escolar, considerando os desenhos e as descrições das crianças. Essas informações foram analisadas mediante uma Análise Textual Discursiva, orientada pelas seguintes categorias: i) a visão de mundo das crianças expressa nos desenhos e ii) inserção da visão de mundo das crianças na programação escolar. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se a importância de garantir espaços de participação dos educandos, em especial das crianças pequenas na organização da programação escolar, uma vez que as suas visões de mundo podem ampliar, complementar e/ou legitimar as situações-limites da comunidade local, na procura de uma educação infantil mais humana e democrática.