bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improved YOLOv7 model for insulator defect detection
Authors: Wang Zhenyue , Yuan Guowu , Zhou Hao , Ma Yi , Ma Yutang , Chen Dong
Published: April 2024

Insulators are crucial insulation components and structural supports in power grids, playing a vital role in the transmission lines. Due to temperature fluctuations, internal stress, or damage from hail, insulators are prone to injury. Automatic detection of damaged insulators faces challenges such as diverse types, small defect targets, and complex backgrounds and shapes. Most research for detecting insulator defects has focused on a single defect type or a specific material. However, the insulators in the grid's transmission lines have different colors and materials. Various insulator defects coexist, and the existing methods have difficulty meeting the practical application requirements. Current methods suffer from low detection accuracy and mAP0.5 cannot meet application requirements. This paper proposes an improved you only look once version 7 (YOLOv7) model for multi-type insulator defect detection. First, our model replaces the spatial pyramid pooling cross stage partial network (SPPCSPC) module with the receptive filed block (RFB) module to enhance the network's feature extraction capability. Second, a coordinate attention (CA) mechanism is introduced into the head part to enhance the network's feature representation ability and to improve detection accuracy. Third, a wise intersection over union (WIoU) loss function is employed to address the low-quality samples hindering model generalization during training, thereby improving the model's overall performance. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model exhibits enhancements across various performance metrics. Specifically, there is a 1.6% advancement in mAP_0.5, a corresponding 1.6% enhancement in mAP_0.5:0.95, a 1.3% elevation in precision, and a 1% increase in recall. Moreover, the model achieves parameter reduction by 3.2 million, leading to a decrease of 2.5 GFLOPS in computational cost. Notably, there is also an improvement of 2.81 milliseconds in single-image detection speed. This improved model can detect insulator defects for diverse materials, color insulators, and partial damage shapes in complex backgrounds.
Stability analysis and chaos control in a discrete predator-prey system with Allee effect, fear effect, and refuge
Authors: Su Xiaoming , Wang Jiahui , Bao Adiya
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the complex dynamical behavior of a discrete prey-predator system with a fear factor, a strong Allee effect, and prey refuge. The existence and stability of fixed points in the system are discussed. By applying the central manifold theorem and bifurcation theory, we have established the occurrence of various types of bifurcations, including flip bifurcation and Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. Furthermore, to address the observed chaotic behavior in the system, three controllers were designed by employing state feedback control, OGY feedback control, and hybrid control methods. These controllers serve to control chaos in the proposed system and identify specific conditions under which chaos or bifurcations can be stabilized. Finally, the theoretical analyses have been validated through numerical simulations.
CD4/CD8 double-negative mycosis fungoides: a review
Authors: Nabil Nagshabandi Khalid , Shadid Abdulrahman , Shadid Asem , Almuhanna Nouf K.
Published: April 2024

Mycosis Fungoides (MF) stands as the predominant form of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). It manifests a diverse array of clinical, histological, and immunophenotypic variations, each bearing distinct prognostic implications. The typical immunophenotypic profile of mycosis fungoides involves CD3+/CD4+/CD45RO+ memory T cells. Notably, the CD4-/CD8- double-negative variant of MF is a rare occurrence, observed in approximately 12% of early-stage cases and more prevalent in tumor-stage instances, often correlated with atypical clinical presentations. Despite its rarity, scant information is available about double-negative Mycosis Fungoides, with only a limited number of cases documented in the existing literature. This review aims to provide enhanced clarity, comprehension, and a detailed exploration of the spectrum encompassing double-negative mycosis fungoides.
Reducing gadget use intensity in preschool-aged children through storytelling and coloring therapy
Authors: Kalsum Umi , Lis Armining Gandini Andi , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Putri Wahyuni Emmy , Ariefah Putri Rosalin , Heny Purwati Nyimas
Published: April 2024

The use of gadgets in the current era of globalization has become a concerning trend, especially among preschool children, leading to addiction and detrimental effects on their physical, psychological, and emotional health. It has also resulted in increased social isolation and hindered development. The impact of this trend is significantly influenced by the roles of parents, family, and the surrounding environment. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of health education using modules on the benefits of storytelling and coloring therapy in enhancing parents' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding prudent gadget use in preschool children. The research design was a pre-post quasi-experiment without a control group. The population comprised parents with preschool children attending 11 public kindergartens in Samarinda City. A total sampling method was utilized, resulting in 303 respondents. Health education intervention occurred after the pre-test, followed by one month of assistance and a subsequent post-test. The research instrument was a questionnaire adapted from the theory of planned behavior, assessing parents' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to providing gadgets to children. Data analysis included univariate and bivariate analyses using the Wilcoxon test. The results indicate a significant influence of health education using modules on the benefits of storytelling and coloring therapy on parents' wise gadget use in preschool children (p-value < 0.005). Thus, health education for parents on prudent gadget use in preschoolers is highly recommended, particularly during parent meetings at school.
Characterization and Prediction of Wind Turbine Blade Damage Based on Fiber Grating Sensor
Authors: Guan Xin , Mu Qizheng , Yin Xiaoju , Wang Yuxin
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: As a renewable and clean use of energy, wind power generation has a very important role in the new energy generation industry. For the many parts of various wind turbines, the safety and reliability of wind turbine blades are very important.
OBJECTIVES: The energy spectrum simulation algorithm included in the wavelet analysis method is used to simulate and analyzewind turbine blade damage, to verify the correctness and validity of wind turbine blade damage analysis.
METHODS: Matlab simulation is used to introduce the experiments related to the static and dynamic detection of fiber grating sensors, analyze the signal characteristics of the wind turbine blade when it is damaged by the impact, and provide a basis for the analysis of the external damage of large wind turbine blade.
RESULTS: The main results obtained in this paper are the following. By analyzing the decomposition of wavelet packets, the gradient change of wavelet impact energy spectrum before and after the wavelet damage was obtained and compared with the histogram, and the impact energy spectrum of each three-dimensional wavelet energy packet in the image was compared and analyzed, which can well realize the recognition of wavelet damage gradient for solid composite materials.
CONCLUSION: With the help of Matlab simulation to collect the impact response signal, using the wavelet packet energy spectrum method to analyze the signal, can derive the characteristics of wind turbine blade damage.
Design and Implementation of an SGX Based Electricity Information Collection and Management System
Authors: Song Yao , Zhu Kun
Published: April 2024

With the rapid growth of the number and scale of smart grid users, traditional data encryption transmission methods can no longer meet the performance requirements of data aggregation. In response, a power consumption information collection and management system based on SGX software protection extension is proposed. The system mainly consists of three parts: user electricity data acquisition terminal, SGX data security processing and distributed storage module on the chain, and data monitoring management display platform. The user electricity data collection terminal collects electricity data from various buildings, residences, rooms, and other smart meters, analyzes and uploads it. After calling the trusted function of SGX technology, it enters the security zone provided by SGX for data processing. Finally, the data security processing results and data are uploaded to the blockchain for storage. In order to visually display user electricity usage data, an intelligent monitoring platform for user electricity collection and management has been established. This system can reduce the workload of user electricity data collection, ensure the accuracy of data collection, and provide an efficient and highly reliable system platform for user electricity data management.
Tensorially absorbing inclusions of C*-algebras
Authors: Sarkowicz Pawel
Published: April 2024

When

$\mathcal {D}$

is strongly self-absorbing, we say an inclusion

$B \subseteq A$

of C*-algebras is

$\mathcal {D}$

-stable if it is isomorphic to the inclusion

$B \otimes \mathcal {D} \subseteq A \otimes \mathcal {D}$

. We give ultrapower characterizations and show that if a unital inclusion is

$\mathcal {D}$

-stable, then

$\mathcal {D}$

-stability can be exhibited for countably many intermediate C*-algebras concurrently. We show that such unital embeddings between unital

$\mathcal {D}$

-stable C*-algebras are point-norm dense in the set of all unital embeddings, and that every unital embedding between

$\mathcal {D}$

-stable C*-algebras is approximately unitarily equivalent to a

$\mathcal {D}$

-stable embedding. Examples are provided.
A mentira que invalida o consentimento sexual: limites à criminalização do estupro mediante fraude
Authors: Badaró Tatiana
Published: April 2024

The legal systems of countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom only allow punishment for the practice of a sexual act through fraud in certain situations. Conversely, art. 215 of the Brazilian Penal Code is broad enough to allow punishment whenever fraud constitutes a condition without which sexual consent would not have been obtained. Both models deserve criticism: the former is generally guided by the classic distinction between fraud in the factum and fraud in the inducement, which lacks clarity and foundation, and the later reaches conducts that should not receive any attention from criminal law. The present article discusses and criticizes these models with the aim of investigating the range in which the legislator is, in principle, authorized to criminally prohibit sexual fraud. Based on the understanding of the negative and positive dimensions of the right to sexual autonomy and the reach of the duties related to them, it is proposed to interpret art. 215 in a way that restricts the hypotheses of incrimination to those included in three groups: 1) frauds regarding the sexual nature of the act, the type of sexual act, and the identity of the person with whom the sexual act is practiced; 2) frauds that exercise coercive pressure or involve exploitation of a special trust relationship; and 3) frauds with the potential to cause harm (physical, financial, or emotional).
Exploring Student Ageism Perceptions Using Life Review: An Educational Intervention
Authors: Wren Rene
Published: April 2024

Background: Addressing student ageism is essential for promoting desires to work with older adults, but little is known about how life review intervention, used as an educational tool in OT programs, can affect ageism. This study aimed to explore the effect of life review on OT students’ ageism perceptions and desires to work with older adults.

Design: A qualitative focus group research approach was performed.

Method: Thirty entry-level occupational therapy students from a Texas university were used as a convenient sample. After participating in a 4-hour workshop, students conducted a life review with older adult volunteers. Data was collected during a focus group using audio-recording and field notes. A thematic approach to analysis was used including Dedoose web-based software with a code-recode procedure by 2 raters.

Measure: A focus group was conducted 2-weeks after the intervention using a semi-structured interview guide with 4 open-ended and 7 probing questions to elicit in-depth discussion of the life review experience.

Results: Four themes emerged related to the intervention: (1) experience influenced attitude; (2) preconceived ideas changed; (3) finding similarities and commonalities, and (4) reflective insight.

Conclusions: To impact ageism and desires to work with older adults, students should participate in life review experiences during program education.
MÍDIA E SEU IMPACTO NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Foltran Anna Mara Veiga
Published: April 2024

O artigo em questão, sucintamente leva a uma introdução básica e compacta às alterações do aprender. Foi elaborado através de pesquisas bibliográficas, destacando o papel da tecnologia na educação, com ênfase nas Plataformas Educacionais, e também abordando as reconfigurações da cognição ensejadas pelas atuais tecnologias da comunicação e da informação. Aponta que a educação alcançou uma fase evolutiva singular, na qual o entendimento intelectual e relacional da coexistência humana está se transformando em uma velocidade extrema, em parte devido à função moderadora praticamente universal dessas novas tecnologias. No entanto, é importante considerar que, juntamente com as imensas possibilidades de progresso da sociabilidade humana proporcionadas pela rede, também surgem riscos de segregação e desumanização no que diz respeito ao processo de aprendizagem e ao acesso ao conhecimento, devido à falta ou dificuldade de acesso às plataformas. Alcançamos uma transformação sem precedentes dos vínculos estabelecidos entre diferentes indivíduos, possibilitando a construção de competência tanto dentro quanto fora das escolas, porém que interferem profundamente no estabelecimento de ensino. As tecnologias atuais não substituem os professores, nem reduzem o esforço disciplinado dos alunos nos estudos, tão somente, corroboram para fortalecer o pensamento complexo, interativo e transversal, proporcionando novas possibilidades para a empatia solidária no interior das próprias formas do conhecimento.
Participação social, Estado e direitos de minorias: a conformação democrática de políticas públicas para a população LGBTI+ no Brasil
Authors: Giesteira Villela Hebert de Paula , Rodrigo Gimenes Éder
Published: April 2024

O artigo trata da conformação de políticas públicas e direitos sociais direcionados à população de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis, transexuais e outras formas de orientação sexual e identidade de gênero (LGBTI+) no Brasil. O objetivo é apresentar uma análise longitudinal sobre o tema desde a redemocratização na década de 1980 até 2023. Para tanto, expõe pesquisa bibliográfica que versou sobre participação social, instituições participativas e, especificamente, a relação entre participação, direitos sociais e políticas públicas para LGBTI+, com destaque ao debate teórico acerca da existência de ondas de desenvolvimento tanto de movimentos sociais e lutas quanto de acesso a direitos sociais e consecução de políticas públicas. Adensamos a análise do quadro teórico incorporando ao debate a judicialização de avanços em termos de políticas e direitos à população LGBTI+ nas últimas décadas, de modo que conclui-se que são necessárias ações mais efetivas à institucionalização prática das políticas públicas e direitos sociais à população LGBTI+ no país, como a ampliação dos espaços de participação nas esferas estadual e municipal, o que se coloca como um desafio para a conformação de uma sociedade democrática no Brasil.
Technological Aspects of Selected Gold Objects from Ur - Preliminary Results and Perspectives
Authors: Armbruster Barbara
Published: April 2024

The focus of this paper is to present preliminary results of a study of selected goldwork from the Royal Cemetery of Ur focusing on the technological aspects. This work offers a first glance on the large variety of fine metalworking techniques used by Mesopotamian goldsmiths of the 3rd millennium BC. Non-invasive methods were used to determine the nature of form, decoration and constituent elements of the objects, and the chaîne opératoire of their manufacturing techniques. The aim is to illustrate the high standard and  level of specialization of Sumerian fine metalworking techniques and to discuss the types of materials and tools used in goldsmith’s workshops.
Objects from the Ur collection of the British Museum Sampling and Analytical Investigations
Authors: Klein Sabine , La Niece Susan , Hauptmann Andreas
Published: April 2024

In addition to the material from the Penn Museum, which was already accessible in generous volume, access was requested to The British Museum to its portion of the Ur material from the Royal Cemetery. The aim was to supplement the material from Philadelphia, more precisely the different material groups such as the gold, the silver and the copper-based objects. The focus was on the metallic objects at The British Museum rather than on the stone material from Ur. Copper was used at Ur in a wide spectrum of compositions. Most significant is the consistency of the lead isotope signature between copper and silver of the objects from Ur, and other similarities are observable for the lead isotope ratios of both the copper-based and the silver objects.
Where Does the Gold from the Cemetery of Ur Come From? – Provenancing Gold Sources Using Analytical Methods
Authors: Jansen Moritz , Hauptmann Andreas , Klein Sabine
Published: April 2024

The focus of our analysis is on the richly decorated Early Dynastic Royal Tombs. These graves are mixed in date and grouped here as  Akkadian to Ur III period. Twelve additional objects are without stratified contextual information and are discussed separately. The main components of the gold artifacts are gold, silver and copper. Between 15 and 45 percent of silver and between 1 and 6 percent of copper was typical for the samples. The jewelry of the Early Dynastic period has the same composition as the later Akkadian and Third Dynasty. Based on analysis of their main components, they could come from the same sources. During the analyses it could be clarified whether the gold composition is natural or is an intentional alloy. The golden jewelry from Ur is a natural alloy of gold and silver  originating from placer gold. Further the provenance of the gold can thus be stated: the source of the gold from Ur is likely located within the Tethyan Euarasian Metallogenetic Belt.
Exploring Small and Medium Enterprises Access to Finance: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Hasan Ahmad , Ahsan Mohammad Ammar , Aslam Aamir
Published: April 2024

This study conducts a bibliometric investigation into the access of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to finance. Access to finance significantly impacts SME success and growth, yet understanding this intricate matter still needs to be completed. Bibliometric analysis aims to uncover significant trends, research gaps, and influential contributors. The methodology involves extensively searching and assessing scholarly articles, journals, and publications related to SMEs' finance access. A systematic approach identifies relevant studies, extracts bibliographic data, and analyzes citation patterns, co-authorship networks, and thematic clusters. This detailed process maps the research landscape's structure, showcasing trends and new research areas. Results of the bibliometric analysis provide vital insights dominant themes like alternative financing methods, government policies, financial inclusion initiatives, and entrepreneurial finance. Influential authors, institutions, and journals contributing to SMEs' finance access knowledge are also identified. This research offers a comprehensive understanding of existing knowledge and addresses critical research gaps. Analyzing scholarly literature provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners. Identified gaps and emerging areas guide future research, shaping agendas and prompting further investigations. Furthermore, the bibliometric analysis encourages interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge exchange among scholars and practitioners. Identifying key authors and institutions supports collaborations and knowledge sharing. Ultimately, this research aims to aid evidence-based decision-making and policy formulation for improved SME finance access. By understanding the research's current state, identifying gaps, and noting emerging trends, this study strives to enhance SME growth and development by fostering a better understanding of finance access challenges and possibilities.
La religión en la esfera pública: Habermas y el resurgimiento de la religión.
Authors: Simbaña Q. Roberto
Published: April 2024

Este artículo se propone traer a discusión el uso público de la religión a partir de las concepciones de Jürgen Habermas, quien defiende el reconocimiento y admisión de la religión como actor en la esfera pública y de sus manifestaciones sin haber sido traducidas. Ante la fragmentación de la sociedad, propone la necesidad urgente de procesos de aprendizaje complementarios entre las doctrinas religiosas y las imágenes del mundo, entre los ciudadanos religiosos y ciudadanos seculares. El filósofo alemán apunta al entendimiento de una sociedad postsecular que implica una tensión entre “estado secular” y “sociedad postsecular”. Coloca en entredicho o en revisión la teoría de la secularización, que asoció la modernización con la individualización privatista de la religión y que en la medida en que las sociedades se modernizan auguraban la desaparición progresiva de las religiones en la esfera pública.
La vulneración del principio de igualdad con respecto al procesado, dentro de los delitos sexuales investigados por Fiscalía General del Estado en el cantón Cuenca, durante el período 2022
Authors: Valladarez Sánchez Mayra Catalina , Flores Idrovo Luis Manuel
Published: April 2024

El artículo que se presenta aquí aborda la compleja situación que rodea al principio de igualdad en los casos de delitos sexuales investigados por la Fiscalía General del Estado en el cantón Cuenca durante el período 2022. El objetivo principal radica en identificar y analizar la posible vulneración de dicho principio hacia las personas procesadas en estos casos. Para ello, se optó por una metodología cualitativa que permitió llevar a cabo un análisis detallado del principio de igualdad y su potencial vulneración en este contexto específico, empleando tanto un enfoque deductivo como inductivo. Además, se recurrió a un método exegético jurídico para profundizar en el estudio de la normativa relevante. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron la existencia de una vulneración al principio de igualdad en todas las etapas del proceso, desde la investigación preliminar hasta la fase de evaluación y preparación para el juicio. Estos hallazgos resaltan la urgente necesidad de establecer un sistema de protección efectivo que garantice los derechos de las personas procesadas, con el fin de asegurar un proceso judicial equitativo y eficaz.
Capítulo I. La ley 9/2016, de 27 de diciembre, de servicios sociales de andalucía
Authors: Fernández Ramos Severiano
Published: April 2024

SUMARIO: 1. DE LA LEY DE SERVICIOS SOCIALES DE 1988 A LA REFORMA DEL RÉGIMEN LOCAL DE 2013 1.1 Lo que quedó de la ley de servicios sociales de 1988 1.2 La inaplazable necesidad de una nueva Ley de Servicios Sociales 2. LA LEY DE SERVICIOS SOCIALES DE 2016 2.1 Una Ley muy extensa y compleja 2.2 Una ley que, a pesar de su extensión, precisa de amplio desarrollo normativo y de implementación 3. LA CIUDADANÍA 3.1 Titularidad de los derechos 3.2 El derecho subjetivo a los servicios sociales 3.3 Derechos de las personas usuarias de los servicios sociales 3.4 Participación ciudadana 4. LAS ADMINISTRACIONES RESPONSABLES 4.1 La Administración de la Junta de Andalucía 4.2 Las Administraciones Locales 5. LOS PROFESIONALES 5.1 Noción 5.2 Cualificación 5.3 Suficiencia 5.4 Calidad del empleo 5.5 Formación continua 5.6 Competencias profesionales: evaluación y acreditación 6. LAS ENTIDADES DE INICIATIVA PRIVADA 6.1 La iniciativa privada no integrada en el SPSSA 6.2 Prestaciones del SPSS reservadas a la gestión directa 6.3 La gestión de prestaciones del SPSS por entidades privadas 6.4 Especial referencia al concierto social
Ensino dos fenômenos naturais severos e avaliação da aprendizagem
Authors: Machado Júlio Cesar Epifanio
Published: April 2024

O objetivo principal deste artigo é fornecer ferramentas intelectuais aos professores de Geografia para a avaliação de alunos durante o ensino dos fenômenos naturais severos sob a ótica da teoria geral dos sistemas. As perguntas que motivaram sua elaboração foram: Quais capacidades os alunos devem desenvolver durante e para a investigação dos fenômenos naturais severos? Quais são os indícios da ocorrência dessas capacidades? Com base em uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, identificamos três capacidades fundamentais, sendo: analisar, sintetizar e supor. Os indícios das ações que assinalam para ocorrência dessas capacidades (desenvolvimento e aplicação) podem ser conferidos quando os estudantes procuram reconhecer as partes de um todo e reconstitui-lo, assim como se colocam em busca da elaboração de suposições e problemas. Aproveitamos também para apresentar quais podem ser as possíveis fontes dos indícios das ações e para sugerir algumas ideias iniciais de “como avaliá-los”.
Palavras-chave
Ensino de Geografia; Fenômenos naturais severos; Indícios; Capacidades.
Ensino de Cartografia e aprendizagem baseada em problemas
Authors: Pinto Igor Cauê Vieira de Oliveira , Lima Renan Pessina Gonçalves de , Mendes Raquel Almeida
Published: April 2024

Este estudo analisa e discute o uso dos mapas como ferramenta auxiliar na construção do raciocínio geográfico em pesquisas junto ao laboratório Ateliê de Pesquisas e Práticas em Ensino de Geografia (APEGEO) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), no âmbito do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica (IC) para Ensino Médio (PIBIC-EM). A investigação, enquadrada no campo da pesquisa-ação, recorre ao Problem-based Learning (PBL) como orientador teórico-metodológico de investigação. Verificou-se que a proposta de construção do raciocínio geográfico mediada pela cartografia, cujo objetivo foi a investigação de fenômenos definidos dentro do procedimento metodológico do PBL, reforça a compreensão espacial e a reflexão crítica dos/as alunos/as pesquisadores/as da educação básica com seus respectivos temas de estudo.
Palavras-chave
Raciocínio geográfico; Educação cartográfica; Pesquisa-ação.
Capital Structure: Capital Buffer, Return on Equity, Capital Adequacy Ratio in Go-Public Banking in Indonesia
Authors: Wahyudin Muhammad , Widiyanti Marlina , Andriana Isni , Isnurhadi Isnurhadi
Published: April 2024

Banking companies may be faced with adjustment costs (cost of capital adjustment) to obtain optimal capital ratios. These costs arise when banks increase or obtain new external capital so that capital adjustments can lead to excess or shortage of capital which can have a negative impact and cause banks to be reluctant to react quickly when capital shocks occur. This research explores the most significant factors that influence bank capital policy choices in Indonesia. This study examines the financing choices of 8 banks for the 2013-2022 period using panel data regression analysis techniques with STATA.17. The results of the Random Effect Model Estimation research where bank companies in Indonesia have high leverage support the fact that the nature of bank business is different from non-banking companies. The significant negative relationship of the capital buffer is in line with the too big fail theory, packing order theory and agency theory, as well as the Retrun On Equity and Capital Adequancy Ratio variables which have a significant positive relationship at an accuracy level of 85.01%, so in other words banking companies can use debt to finance the company on the basis of agency or managerial policies and strategies, thereby proposing pecking order theory with the assumption that there is information asymmetry and agency costs that are relevant both in the long term.
Recent Advancement in Blockchain: A study
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Saini Devesh
Published: April 2024

With technological innovation occurring at an ever-increasing rate, block chain has become one of the hottest new Internet trends. Because it is a distributed and decentralised database, blockchain has restored the definition of trust—providing security through cryptography and consensus mechanism without needing any third party. Hence the aim of this study is to provide an overview on the concept of blockchains, historical development, and application of Block chain in real life. In addition, the working of interlinked blockchains (blockmesh), their merits and applications are discussed. This will be useful to clarify the uses and usage of blockmesh in our daily lives. Finally, a slight peek in the past of the block chain would also be discussed to show the exponential growth in the blockchain technology.
Assessment of Efficacy and Safety of Dr.Ortho Capsules in Managing Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Phase IV Post-Marketing Surveillance Study
Authors: Vijay Kimtata  , Vishu Gupta  , Lakhbir Singh  , Hasan Ali Ahmed  , Lokesh Holagundi
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the potential efficacy and safety of Dr. Ortho capsules in managing various musculoskeletal conditions, including knee pain, joint stiffness, arthritis, bulky shoulders, joint inflammation, acute sports injuries, strains, and sprains. Methods: The study was a single centric, open-label, non-randomized, post-marketing surveillance study involving 120 subjects. Subjects were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study assessed changes in pain intensity and disability levels after the administration of Dr. Ortho capsules, employing the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), respectively. Additionally, safety was evaluated through physical examinations, vital sign monitoring, and laboratory safety parameters. Results: The study revealed significant reductions in pain intensity and disability levels among the participants. Pain intensity, as measured by VAS, decreased significantly (p< 0.0001) from a mean score of 4.84 at baseline (day 1) to 0.38 at the end of the study (day 30). Disability levels, indicated by ODI, significantly improved (p<0.0001) from a mean score of 14.73% at baseline to 1.88% at the end of the study. There were no reported adverse events during the study, and all safety parameters remained within normal ranges. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that Dr. Ortho capsules may offer effective relief for individuals with musculoskeletal conditions, reducing pain intensity and improving functional abilities. The absence of adverse events and the maintenance of normal safety parameters indicate the safety of Dr. Ortho capsules for human consumption.
Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Eye Mantra Drops: A Comprehensive Post-Marketing Surveillance Study in Ocular Disorders
Authors: Shreya Verma  , Amrish Verma  , Jaspal Singh  , Hasan Ali Ahmed  , Chetan Jaykar
Published: April 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Eye Mantra Drops, a modern formulation integrating ayurvedic principles and medicinal plant extracts, in addressing various ocular conditions, including conjunctivitis, iritis, dry eyes, eye strain, itchiness, and watery eyes. Methods: The study adopted a single-center, open-label, non-randomized, post-marketing surveillance approach, involving 120 subjects with diverse ocular conditions. Eye Mantra Drops, comprising thirteen traditionally used ingredients, were administered to the participants for 7 days. Frequency and severity of symptoms, vital signs, and adverse events were assessed at screening and at the end of study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Eye Mantra Drops. Results: The study revealed a significant reduction in frequency and symptom severity across diverse ocular conditions, including conjunctivitis, iritis, dry eyes, itchiness, watery eyes, and eye strain. No adverse events were reported, and vital signs remained stable, indicating the safety of Eye Mantra Drops. Conclusion: Eye Mantra Drops emerged as a promising and well-tolerated intervention for various ocular conditions including conjunctivitis, iritis, dry eyes, eye strain, itchiness, and watery eyes.
Effect of Shatavarichinnaruhadi Ksheerakasaya in Perimenopausal Symptoms
Authors: Thasneem K K  , Giby Thomas  , Maya Balakrishnan
Published: April 2024

Menopause is referred to as Rajakshaya in Ayurveda, which is the body's transition from a Pitta- to a Vata-dominant condition. It comes under Swabhavika vyadhi and occurs in Jara pakwa sareera, which causes Dhatus to gradually deteriorate. Treatment of perimenopausal symptoms may benefit from medications with Rasayana, Medhya, Balya, Dahasamana, Vayasthapaka, and Rasarakthaprasadaka characteristics. A 44-year-old woman who sought treatment for hot flushes, excessive sweating, particularly at night, irritability, mood swings, numbness in the extremities, sleep disturbances, and vaginal itching is presented here. Assessment was done using Greene Climacteric Scale. Among all the symptoms, hot flushes and night sweats were the most distressing one for the subject. Shatavari chinnaruhadiksheerakasaya mentioned in Chikitsamanjari in Vataraktha context possess Vatapittapradhana Tridoshasamana, Rasarakthapradhaka, Dahasamana, Rasayana, Medhya, Balya like properties which can be beneficial in reducing the most wretched vasomotor symptoms. Apart from these, the formulation exhibits anti-oxidant, free radical scavenging, phytoestrogenic and anti-stress activity. Ksheera is Vata pitta samana, Rasayana, Sheeta veerya, Vrishya, Ojasyam, Dhatuvardhaka, and Jeevaneeya. For thirty days, 48ml of Shatavarichinnaruhadi ksheerakasaya was administered twice daily, one hour before food. The severity of symptoms particularly hot flushes and night sweats were considerably reduced after treatment. Thirty days after quitting the drug, a follow-up was conducted, and this time the severity of the symptoms was also less severe than it had been before therapy. From this case report, it is evident that Shatavarichinnaruhadi ksheerakasaya is effective for the management of perimenopausal symptoms especially the most disturbing vasomotor symptoms
Unraveling the Ayurvedic Protocol in the Management of Ranula
Authors: Negi Sangyasri  , Negi Aman  , Sharma Shushmita
Published: April 2024

Shalakya tantra is the branch of Ayurveda which deals with Urdhwajatrugata rogas i.e., diseases occurring in supraclavicular region. Acharyas have mentioned various Mukharogas (diseases pertaining to oral cavity) which are further subdivided into various categories. Acharya Sushruta has mentioned five Jihwagata rogas (diseases of tongue) and their management. Upajihwika which is caused by vitiation of Kapha and Rakta, is the Jihwagraroopa shwathu cystic swelling under the ventral aspect of tongue. In modern, it can be correlated with Ranula which is a translucent swelling in the floor of the mouth formed due to sublingual gland trauma or obstruction of the ducts. It further leads to extravasation and accumulation of saliva in the surrounding tissue thus forming a cyst. Case and Intervention- A 49-year-old male patient presented to ENT OPD of Patanjali Ayurveda Hospital with swelling in left submandibular region for 2 months. There was no difficulty in mastication and swallowing with no history of trauma. The patient was diagnosed with plunging Ranula sized 4x3 cm based on USG findings. He underwent three months and 10 days course of Ayurvedic regime and two follow ups showing reduction in size of the cystic swelling. Conclusion: Several surgical techniques have been introduced to treat Ranula ranging from marsupialization, excision of Ranula, excision of sublingual glands, sclerotherapy with varying success and recurrence rate. Ayurvedic protocol aimed at holistic approach by pacifying the vitiated Doshas and showing marked regression in the cystic growth without making the patient undergo the pain and high cost and adverse effect as that of a surgical procedure.
Ayurvedic Pharmacology for Mutrakrichra
Authors: Sonal Singh Kushwaha  , Priya Gupta  , Suman Panwar
Published: April 2024

Mutrakrichra roga (urinary disorders), is a prevalent ailment described in Ayurveda with diverse aetiologies and manifestations. Managing Mutrakrichra (urinary disorders) involves using various herbal drugs with diuretic, lithotriptic, and soothing properties. This study aims to compile and compare the drugs used in treating Mutrakrichra roga (urinary disorders) from different classical Ayurvedic texts or Samhitas, including Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, and other manuscripts. A systematic review of these texts was conducted to identify the drugs recommended for managing Mutrakrichra roga (urinary disorders). The findings revealed a rich repository of medicinal plants and formulations used for their therapeutic effects on urinary disorders, including Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris), Punarnava (Boerrhavia diffusa), and many others. This compilation of drugs from different Samhitas provides valuable insights into the traditional knowledge and practices of Ayurveda in managing Mutrakrichra roga. It underscores the need for further research and clinical studies to validate the efficacy and safety of these herbal remedies in contemporary healthcare practices.
Ayurveda in the Management of Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head - A Case Report
Authors: Vineetha Cherian  , Ambili Krishna
Published: April 2024

Avascular necrosis (AVN) is defined as cellular death of bone components due to interruption of the blood supply. The bone structures then collapse, resulting in pain, loss of joint function and long-term joint damage. Treatment goals for AVN are to improve the joint, stop the bone damage, and ease pain. In modern science treatment includes NSAIDS, core decompression, bone grafting and total joint arthroplasty which have their own complications, high cost and prognosis is also very poor. In Ayurveda it can be correlated to the Asthi-Majja gatha vata. In this Raktavaha Srotorodha also occur which results in Asthi Dhatu Kshaya. Aim of study is to introduce an alternative therapeutic modality through Ayurveda which help to reduce pain, improve quality of life and prevent further damage of bone which is cost effective as well. The present case report is a single case study of a 32year old female patient who was diagnosed with Stage Ⅱ Avascular Necrosis of bilateral femoral head done at Government Ayurveda College Panchakarma Hospital, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram. She was treated with selected Panchakarma treatments and specific Samana oushadhis. There was significant improvement in the symptoms which was assessed using relevant tools like VAS score for pain, goniometer for range of movement and Oxford Hip score for assessment of function and pain in hip. The present case study documents that Panchakarma procedures and Samana oushadhis can be effective in AVN and improve the quality of life of patient.
Ayurvedic Treatment Modalities of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Lekshmi P S  , Navaneeth Krishnan N  , Marikutty T C
Published: April 2024

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the damage of the nerves due to the uncontrolled diabetes. It can affect any of the neurons can affect any of the neurons. Diabetic distal symmetric sensory and sensorimotor polyneuropathy is the most prevalent type of diabetic neuropathy. The symptoms appear as sensory loss, first in the toes and progressively moving up the legs, fingers, and arms over time. Tingling sensation, Burning sensation, Deep aching pain are other related symptoms. A patient age 54 years with diabetes for past 15 years, hypertension, dyslipidemia, complains of burning sensation of both feet (right>left), numbness, pricking pain, unsteadiness while walking, brownish red discolouration of both lower limbs. The symptoms were gradual in onset. Nerve Conduction Study showed axonal type of motor and sensory affecting peroneal nerve neuropathy. He admitted in Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College Hospital, done Vibrotherm Neuropathy Analyzer and revealed small and large fibre neuropathy with severe loss of sensations. The main intention of the study is to improve the quality of life of the patient by reducing the symptoms that is disturbing his day today routine. Patient given with anti diabetic Ayurvedic formulations internally. Externally Rookshana, Vatahara, Brimhana treatments were done. After the treatment, Michigan neuropathy screening instrument, diabetic Neuropathy symptom score, Toronto clinical scoring system score were reduced. Neuropathy Analyzer showed mild to moderate loss of sensation. By adopting Prameha hara chikitsa coupled with Vata vyadhihara chikitsa, complications of diabetes can be managed. It is important to focus on diet and regimen since diabetes is a lifestyle disorder and, in ayurveda it is considered as an Anushangi Vyadhi.
Acute Effects of Different Inter-Repetition Rest Intervals During ‘Composite’ Training on Fast Stretch-Shortening Cycle and Neuromuscular Performance in Hurling Players: A Pilot Study
Authors: Atkins Luke , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Moody Jeremy , Coyle Colin , Byrne Paul
Published: April 2024

One study to date has compared inter-repetition rest intervals when employing ‘composite’ training. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of 2-, 3- and 4-mins ‘composite’ training inter-repetition rest intervals on fast stretch shortening cycle (SSC) and neuromuscular performance. A randomized crossover research design was employed. Drop jump (DJ), 20m sprint (with 5 and 10m splits), countermovement jump (CMJ) and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) tests were performed pre-session, post-session, and 7 days post-session to observe if supercompensation occurred. A 2-min rest interval showed enhancements in fast SSC DJ performance where supercompensation may have occurred in height, velocity, force and power (Cohen’s d = 0.22-0.55). A 3-minute rest interval elicited responses in 5 and 20m sprint performance (Cohen’s d = -0.29 to -0.30) and isometric RFD (Cohen’s d = 0.35-0.60) 7 days post-session. CMJ measures (Cohen’s d = 0.22-0.76) appeared to have experienced supercompensation when employing a 4-minute rest period. Significant (p < 0.05) decreases in performance pre- to post-session were found for certain sprint, CMJ and IMTP variables. The ‘composite’ training inter-repetition rest interval used, appears dependent on the primary goal of a training cycle. However, a 3-min rest interval may be used if there are multiple goals of a training cycle due to enhancements in sprint performance, isometric RFD and CMJ height. ‘Composite’ training is a time-efficient method of enhancing jump, sprint, and maximal strength, which is suitable for practitioners working in sports such as hurling where time is limited.
THE BURDEN OF PSORIASIS ACROSS UNITED STATES: FINDINGS FROM THE 2019 GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASES STUDY AND FORECASTS FROM 2025 TO 2035
Authors: Al-omoush O. , HajAli M. , Assaf M. , Tarakhan H. , Alzoubi A. , Saleh O. , Abdallah M. , Abdelazeem B. , Alshwayyat S.
Published: April 2024

Background. Psoriasis is a concerned public health problem across the world. Previous studies have often concentrated on the disease burden globally and in MENA areas. However, the epidemiological patterns and burden of psoriasis in the US are still lacking. This study aims to assess the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs of RA in the US between 1990 and 2019, with a pattern prediction for the next ten years addressing the lack of comprehensive research on the disease's epidemiological patterns. Moreover, correlations between incidence, prevalence, DALYs, and SDI will be examined.

Methods. The incidence, prevalence, and DALYs in the US were investigated by age, gender, SDI, and state using the data from Global burden disease (GBD). All estimates were generated using age-standardized rates per 100,000 individuals and rate change, with 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UIs). Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationships between incidence, prevalence, DALYs, and SDI. The forecast analysis was performed using R software, utilizing some of its packages.

Results. The US experienced a decrease in psoriasis prevalence and incidence since 1990, with females experiencing a slightly higher decrease than men. However, US DALY rates have decreased, with males and females experiencing similar decreases. New York and Massachusetts had the highest rates, while Wyoming had the lowest. A significant positive correlation (modest power) was found between SDI and incidence, prevalence, and DALYs. The forecasting period (2025-2035) indicates that psoriasis incidence remains steady among young people of both ages, with a minor increase in elderly people. In terms of DALYs, both age groups expected a progressive decline in psoriasis.

Conclusion. Psoriasis is still a major cause of health burden in the US with considerable differences extending between states. Updating accessible health data is required to provide more precise guidelines for the early identification and treatment of psoriasis.
CHI-SQUARED TEST
Authors: Habibzadeh F.
Published: April 2024

CHI-SQUARED TEST
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM PELAKSANAAN REKONSTRUKSI PADA TAHAP PENYIDIKAN DALAM MENGUNGKAP TINDAK PIDANA PEMBUNUHAN DI SINJAI
Authors: Azhar Nur Muhammad , Fadly Fadly , Alauddin Andi , Arhan Hamzah , Eril Eril
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan hukum dan hambatan pelaksanaan rekonstruksi serta upaya penyidik dalam mengatasi hambatan pelaksanaan rekonstruksi pada tahap penyidikan dalam mengungkap tindak pidana pembunuhan di wilayah hukum Polres Sinjai. Jenis penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis penelitian yuridis empiris dengan metode pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu Penyidik Satuan Reserse Kriminal Polres Sinjai. Adapun metode pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedudukan hukum pelaksanaan rekonstruksi pada tahap penyidikan dalam mengungkap tindak pidana pembunuhan yaitu sebagai petunjuk guna memperjelas suatu tindak pidana pembunuhan, sebagai barometer yang digunakan dalam pengujian validitas antara keterangan saksi dan tersangka, dan juga pendukung keyakinan hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan. Hambatan pelaksanaan rekonstruksi pada tahap penyidikan dalam mengungkap tindak pidana pembunuhan yaitu pelaksanaan rekonstruksi yang tidak bisa dilakukan di Tempat Kejadian Perkara sebab faktor keamanan, medan yang sulit serta tidak bisa menyesuaikan waktu dan kondisi sebagaimana peristiwa sesungguhnya. Sedangkan upaya penyidik dalam mengatasi hambatan pelaksanaan rekonstruksi yaitu menyiapkan personil yang memadai, menyiapkan lokasi alternatif yang didesain sama dengan TKP yang sebenarnya serta menyesuaikan kesiapan dari pihak yang turut serta dalam pelaksanaan rekonstruksi.