bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introducing Foundry-Compatible SiC and GaN Trench Processing Technologies for Reliable Automotive Application
Authors: Jones Ben , Mitchell Jacob , Evans Jon , Monaghan Finn , Jennings Mike , Bolton Chris , Riddel Kevin , Ashraf Huma , Guy Owen James
Published: May 2022

In this paper we report the progress of our SiC trench etch development using enhanced ICP-based etch technology. Computer modelling of the electric field strength in the gate oxide as a function of corner geometry was used to illustrate trench corner rounding as an effective method to avoid to high gate oxide field strengths. This is an effort to examine a major ongoing issue in device reliability, and to govern future device design.
Prevalence of irregular red cell antibody in transfusion recipients vis-a-vis healthy blood donors attending a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Yadav Abhilasha , Raturi Gaurav , Aparna Bhardwaj
Published: May 2022

CONTEXT:

Alloimmunization by foreign red cell antigens is a matter of concern as it may lead to hemolysis in transfused patients as well as fetus of pregnant females.

AIMS:

This study aimed to perform a comparative analysis of prevalence and type of irregular antibodies in healthy donors, vis-a-vis blood transfusion recipients.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

Blood samples of 4000 individuals comprising healthy donors, exposed patients, and nonexposed patients were collected and were analyzed for irregular antibodies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Commercially available three-cell antigen panel was used for the antibody screening. The samples positive in antibody screen were further subjected to an extended 11-cell panel for antibody identification in low-ionic strength saline with and without enzyme.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

Statistical analysis was done using SPSS for Windows 15.0 program. Chi-square test was used for detecting statistical significance of exposure to red blood cell antigens in the formation of alloantibodies.

RESULTS:

Of the 4000 samples, antibodies were identified in 105 (2.6%) samples. Overall, nonexposed group showed a seropositivity of 0.36%, while the exposed group showed a seropositivity of 9.4%. Anti-D was the most common antibody found in 38 patients (33.3%). Anti-E was the most common antibody in males, while anti-D was the most common antibody in females.

CONCLUSIONS:

Since the risk of alloimmunization is more common in multitransfused patients, it is advisable to screen at least those cases for irregular antibodies.
Naturally occurring anti-P1 with high thermal amplitude complicating ABO blood grouping
Authors: Ferdowsi Shirin , Mohammadi Saeed , Ahmadnezhad Moharram , Herfat Fahimeh , Rezvani Azita , Eshghi Peyman , Oodi Arezoo
Published: May 2022

Anti-P1 is immunoglobulin M type and occurs naturally; it is often detected as a weak- and cold-reactive antibody. However, in rare cases, it is reactive at 37°C or shows hemolytic transfusion reactions. The presence of high thermal amplitude of anti-P1 cannot be ignored and requires cross-match compatible red blood cells for transfusion. In the present study, we report three cases with ABO discrepancy due to anti-P1 that was identified as a cold-reacting antibody with high thermal amplitude.
Outcome of type and screen versus crossmatch in cardiovascular surgery patients
Authors: Pokhrel Anupa , Jain Ashish , Marwaha Neelam , Singh Rana Sandip
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

The need for an anti-human globulin (AHG) cross-match (XM) when the antibody screen (ABS) is negative is debatable and a matter of policy.

AIM:

(1) To compare the outcomes of type and screen (T and S) method versus the AHG-XM in terms of posttransfusion alloimmunization and hemolytic reactions. (2) Calculation of XM transfusion ratio in both groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study included 200 patients undergoing elective cardiovascular surgery. Group I patients (n = 100) were issued packed red blood cell units after ABO and RhD typing, an ABS followed by an immediate spin XM (T and S protocol), while Group II (n = 100) patients by an AHG-XM. In Group II patients, if incompatibility was found, then an ABS and identification were performed. A posttransfusion ABS and a direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was done on the 4th day. The XM, ABS (3-cell panel) and DAT were done using the gel technique (Bio-Rad, Switzerland). Thus, the outcomes of T and S method versus the AHG-XM in terms of posttransfusion alloimmunization and hemolytic reactions was measured. The XM transfusion ratio was also calculated in both groups.

RESULTS:

In each of Groups I and II, 99 patients (99%) were transfused. There was no significant difference between the two groups based on previous transfusion (P = 0.621) or combined history of transfusion and pregnancy (P = 1). In Group I, all the patients were negative for ABS. In Group II, an AHG-XM was incompatible for 1 patient (1%) due to anti-c and anti-E alloantibodies and had a history of pregnancy as well as transfusion. In both the groups, none of the patients had any adverse transfusion reaction and the posttransfusion ABS and DAT were negative.

CONCLUSION:

ABS is a better tool than AHG-XM in detecting alloantibodies in patients having the previous history of transfusion and/or pregnancy.
Prevalence and specificity of red blood cell alloantibodies and autoantibodies in transfused Iranian β-thalassemia patients
Authors: Rostamian Hosein , Javandoost Ehsan , Mohammadian Mozhdeh , Alipour Abbas
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND:

Repeated allogeneic blood transfusions in thalassemia major patients stimulate the patient's immune system to generate antibodies against foreign erythrocyte antigens. This study was carried out to systematically review the findings of available studies about the prevalence of alloantibodies and autoantibodies, as well as the type of causative antigens among transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients in Iran.

METHODS:

Electronic search was conducted on Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and Persians databases. All relevant articles published from January 1990 to July 2018 were included. Abstracts of conference booklets which that been published in the last 5 years were also included in the meta-analysis. The search language was restricted to English and Persian. The quality of studies was evaluated according to a checklist developed by authors, and Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias.

RESULTS:

Twenty-three relevant articles met all the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of alloimmunization was 13%. Our study showed that anti-D (25%) and anti-K (25%) were most prevalent among Iranian β-thalassemia patients. Data analysis shows the autoantibody prevalence to be 1% among 3787 patients. Meta-regression revealed that the prevalence of alloantibodies increases with each year as the average age of the study population increases.

CONCLUSION:

The prevalence of red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies in transfused Iranian β-thalassemia patients was high. Appropriate preventive strategies such as RBC phenotyping for patients before beginning transfusion and using extended RBC donor–recipient matching, specifically for Rh and Kell system, could be implemented to avoid complications in thalassemia patients.
Emergency ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplantation in Wilson disease-induced acute liver failure
Authors: Valamparampil Joseph J. , Sachan Deepti , Shanmugam Naresh , Reddy Srinivas Mettu , Rela Mohamed
Published: May 2022

We report the clinical outcome of an emergency ABO incompatible-liver transplantation (LT) for an 8-year-old child with Wilson's disease-induced acute liver failure. The pretransplant anti-A antibody titer was 1:64, and hence he underwent three cycles of conventional plasma exchange as pretransplant liver supportive treatment for deranged coagulopathy and liver function followed by one cycle of immunoadsorption (IA) prior to LT. The posttransplant immunosuppression consisted of rituximab, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroid. The patient had anti-A isoagglutinin rebound with elevated aminotransferases levels from postoperative day 7 for which he was restarted on IA plasmapheresis, but antibody titers did not decrease. Hence, he was switched to conventional plasmapheresis (CP) with which anti-A antibody titers decreased. The total dose of rituximab (150 milligrams/square meter of body surface area) was given in two divided doses of 75 mg at D-1 and D + 8 which was much less than the dose conventionally advocated (375 milligrams/square meter of body surface area). He is clinically well with good graft function without rejection after 1 year of follow-up. This case illustrates that IA and CP in conjunction with adequate immunosuppression is a viable approach in emergency ABO-incompatible-LT in Wilson disease-induced acute liver failure.
Results of fixation of comminuted Neer type-V distal clavicle fractures by locked plates and coracoclavicular osseo-ligamentous loop sutures
Authors: Khamis Ahmed R. , Shoulah Saad A.
Published: May 2022

Background

Distal clavicle fractures are less common than mid-shaft fractures with a higher rate of nonunion if displaced. Different methods for fixation exist and each has its advantages and disadvantages. Fixation with anatomically precontoured locked plate with lateral extension proved satisfactory results with minimal complications.

Settings and design

This prospective study was conducted in Banha University Hospital.

Patients and methods

Twenty-three patients with Neer type-V distal clavicular fractures were fixed by distal clavicular locked plate with lateral extension and loop suturing of the coracoclavicular (CC) osseo-ligamentous fragment that is small to be fixed with a screw. The outcome was evaluated clinically by the Oxford shoulder score and radiologically for union, residual deformity, and nonunion through a 12–18-month follow-up period.

Results

The functional outcome was excellent in 19 cases, good in three, and fair in one. Minor complications were reported in six cases including periclavicular hypoesthesia, superficial wound infection, and post-traumatic rotator cuff tendinitis.

Conclusion

The distal clavicle anatomically precontoured the locked plate with lateral extension combined with loop suturing of the small CC osseo-ligamentous fragment that is not amenable for fixation with a screw is an excellent option for fixation of Neer type-V distal clavicle fracture with no need for additional implant to reattach the CC ligaments.
Evaluation of the results of anterior minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis in treating humeral shaft fractures
Authors: Ali Hesham , Yehya Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Background

The advantages of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) are less soft tissue dissection and less blood loss with excellent results. This study aims to assess the outcomes of MIPO in treating humeral shaft fractures.

Patients and methods

Anterior MIPO was performed on 30 patients from March 2017 to January 2019. The inclusion criteria for this prospective study included a fracture located at the middle third of the humeral shaft, a fracture with polytrauma, and fractures with early conservative treatment failure. Type A fracture was the most common according to the AO-OTA classification (13 cases), followed by type B (11 cases) and type C (six cases). The space between biceps and brachialis was identified, and a locking compression plate or limited contact dynamic compression plate was used. The minimum follow-up period was 1 year. The outcome measurements included fracture union, alignment, infection, range of motion, functional assessment as per the University of California at Los Angeles shoulder score, and elbow function as evaluated using the Mayo elbow performance index.

Results

The mean operation time was 90.30 min (range, 80–180 min), and mean radiation exposure was 204 s (range, 110—420 s). All fractures united. The mean fracture union time was 15.3 weeks (range, 10–18 weeks). There was no incidence of implant failures. The mean University of California at Los Angeles end-result score was 34 points (range, 32–35). The mean Mayo elbow performance index was 98 points (range, 90–100). The mean range of motion was 135° (range, 100–140°). The functional outcome was satisfactory.

Conclusion

MIPO is an excellent method for treating humeral shaft fractures. It might decrease the perioperative complications with a reduced operation time.
Reduction of butterfly fragments in femur fractures
Authors: Alrasheed Omer
Published: May 2022

Purpose

e This study compares the outcomes, 6 months postoperative, of femoral fracture interventions featuring nondisplaced and displaced butterfly fragments. The progress of healing, presence or absence of cortical defects, pain score after 6 months, and necessity of revision surgery are measured.

Materials and methods

This is a retrospective cohort study reviewing 100 patients with butterfly femur fractures treated with an intramedullary nail at King Fahad Hospital Hofuf. The patients were divided into two groups: one, of 48 patients, with displaced butterfly fragments after surgery and a second group of 52 patients with nondisplaced butterfly fragments, and all butterfly fragment was not fixed by any method, none of the fragment approximated by close or open reduction methods.

Result

In the first group, 38 patients (79.2%) showed delayed union 6 months after surgery, 30 (62.5%) had a cortical defect, 6 (12.5%) required revision surgery, and 42 (87.5%) still reported feeling pain. In the second group, 8 patients (15.4%) showed delayed union, none had cortical defects, 4 (07.7%) required revision surgery, and 10 (19.2%) reported pain 6 months after surgery.

Conclusion

Displaced butterfly fragments should be reduced to near-anatomical alignment to prevent delayed union, cortical defects, and pain.
Primary Intimal Sarcoma with Chondrosarcoma Differentiation of the Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Chuang Tzer-Ming , Hsiao Hui-Hua , Tsai Kun-Bow
Published: May 2022

We report a rare case and our experience of successfully treating intimal sarcoma (IS) with chondrosarcoma differentiation arising in the pulmonary artery. A 36-year-old man presented with a thrombosis-like mass in the pulmonary trunk. Anticoagulant therapy was initiated, but his clinical condition worsened despite adequate anticoagulation. Positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) revealed a neoplastic lesion. The patient underwent endarterectomy and tumor resection. Microscopically, marked cartilaginous differentiation of the cancer cells admixed with pleomorphic, spindle, and round cells was noted. They were immunoreactive for S-100 protein and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, focal and weak for desmin and murine double minute-2, but negative for ERG, CD34, and myogenin. A diagnosis of IS with chondrosarcoma differentiation was made. The patient received six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, and a follow-up chest CT did not show evidence of recurrence.
Dumbbell chondrosarcoma of lumbar spine with intradural extension
Authors: Patel Biren Khimji , Divakar Ganesh , George Tobin , Kesavapisharady Krishnakumar , Rajeev Sreenath Prabha , Easwer H V , Poyuran Rajalakshmi
Published: May 2022

Chondrosarcomas are very rare tumors of the spine constituting for only 10% of all bony tumors and 12% of primary malignant tumors of the spine. It is the third most common primary malignant bone tumor after osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, and the third most common primary malignant tumor of the spine after chordoma and osteosarcoma. The thoracic vertebrae are the most commonly affected, followed by the cervical and lumbar. These are slow-growing tumors and are usually asymptomatic until late in their course when they cause neurological deficits by compression on the thecal sac, spinal cord, or nerve roots. As is the case for all malignant spinal tumors, en bloc resection without contamination or violation of the reactive zone (pseudocapsule) is the most appropriate surgical strategy, but in some cases, this is impossible due to unacceptable morbidity because of close proximity to critical neurovascular structures or multicompartmental location of the tumor. Here, we describe a case of L5 chondrosarcoma arising from the left pedicle with significant intradural and extraspinal components. Intradural extension of chondrosarcomas, or for that matter any malignant spinal tumor, has never been reported in literature.
A Survey of Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) practices in India
Authors: Madan Karan , Mittal Saurabh , Tiwari Pawan , Hadda Vijay , Mohan Anant , Guleria Randeep
Published: May 2022

Background:

There is a lack of data on the prevalent practices of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in India.

Aim:

To study the current practices of EBUS-TBNA in India.

Methods:

This survey was an online questionnaire designed on the Google forms interface. The survey included various questions related to demographics, sedation, analgesia and anesthesia, technical aspects, and infection control related to the procedure of EBUS-TBNA.

Results:

Data from 134 respondents (mean age: 42.2 years) were analyzed. Most (97.8%) were pulmonologists or physicians, and a majority (94.8%) practicing in either a private multi-specialty setting or medical college. 40.3% had received procedure training at a formal training program. Mild/moderate sedation was the most common strategy (70.1%). Midazolam (76.7%), Fentanyl (76.0%), followed by propofol (46.5%), were the most frequent drugs, and 82.8% preferred combination sedation. 26.1% used cricothyroid lignocaine injection, and the use of 1% or 2% lignocaine for spray-as-you-go administration was similar. The oral route was preferred, while the laryngeal mask airway was the most common airway conduit under general anesthesia. Suspected granulomatous mediastinal lymphadenopathy (TB/sarcoidosis) (67.2%), followed by lung cancer (32.8%), were the most common indications of EBUS-TBNA. 81.3% performed EBUS-TBNA for lung cancer staging. 21 G needle was preferred (64.9%), and vacuum suction was common (80.6%). 55.2% routinely performed ROSE. Alcohol fixed glass slide smears were the most common method (93.1%) for cytological preparation. 49.3% also performed EUS-B-FNA. 76.9% routinely obtained endo bronchial biopsy and transbronchial lung biopsy in patients with suspected sarcoidosis. Elastography was infrequently used. Nearly three-fourths (77.6%) reused EBUS needles.

Conclusion:

There is practice variability in the multiple aspects related technical performance of EBUS-TBNA. Evidence-based guidelines addressing the multiple technical aspects are required to standardize the practice of EBUS-TBNA.
A multicenter survey study of antifibrotic use for symptomatic patients with post-COVID-19 interstitial lung abnormalities
Authors: Dhooria Sahajal , Maturu Venkata Nagarjuna , Talwar Deepak , Kumar Sachin , Handa Ajay , Agrawal Priya Nath , Jindal Aditya , Tampi PS , Goyal Abhishek , Maskey Dipesh , Aggarwal Ashutosh Nath , Behera Digambar , Jindal Surinder Kumar
Published: May 2022

Background:

Little data exist on antifibrotic drugs for treating symptomatic patients with persistent interstitial lung abnormalities in the postacute phase of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we describe the physician practices of prescribing pirfenidone and nintedanib for these patients and the physician-assessed response.

Materials and Methods:

This was a multicenter, retrospective survey study of subjects administered pirfenidone or nintedanib for post-COVID-19 interstitial lung abnormalities. Data on the demographic details, comorbidities, abnormalities on the computed tomography (CT) of the chest, treatment, antifibrotic drug use, and physician-assessed response were collected on a standard case record pro forma. We explored physician practices of prescribing antifibrotics (primary objective) and the physician-assessed response (secondary objective).

Results:

We included 142 subjects (mean age, 55.9 years; 16.2% women) at eight centers. The most common abnormalities on CT chest included ground glass opacities (75.7%), consolidation (49.5%), reticulation (43.9%), and parenchymal bands (16.8%). Of the 5701 patients discharged after hospitalization at six centers, 115 (2.0%) received antifibrotics. The drugs were prescribed an average of 26 days after symptom onset. One hundred and sixteen subjects were administered pirfenidone; 11 (9.5%) received the full dose (2400 mg/day). Thirty subjects were prescribed nintedanib; 23 (76.7%) received the full dose (300 mg/day). Of 76 subjects with available information, 27 (35.6%) and 26 (34.2%) had significant or partial radiologic improvement, respectively, according to the physician’s assessment.

Conclusions:

Antifibrotic agents were administered to a minority of patients discharged after recovery from acute COVID-19 pneumonia. Larger, randomized studies on the efficacy and safety of these agents are required.
Exploring the common pathophysiological links between IPF, SSc-ILD and post-COVID fibrosis
Authors: Swarnakar Rajesh , Garje Yogesh , Markandeywar Neeraj , Mehta Suyog
Published: May 2022

In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, dysregulated release of matrix metalloproteinases occurs during the inflammatory phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), resulting in epithelial and endothelial injury with excessive fibroproliferation. COVID-19 resembles idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in several aspects. The fibrotic response in IPF is driven primarily by an abnormally activated alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) which release cytokines to activate fibroblasts. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is postulated to be one of the early triggers in both diseases. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a heterogeneous autoimmune rare connective tissue characterised by fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common complication and the leading cause of SSc-related death. Several corollaries have been discussed in this paper for new drug development based on the pathogenic events in these three disorders associated with pulmonary fibrosis. A careful consideration of the similarities and differences in the pathogenic events associated with the development of lung fibrosis in post-COVID patients, IPF patients and patients with SSc-ILD may pave the way for precision medicine. Several questions need to be answered through research, which include the potential role of antifibrotics in managing IPF, SSc-ILD and post-COVID fibrosis. Many trials that are underway will ultimately shed light on their potency and place in therapy.
Assessment of the efficacy of four scoring systems in prediction of acute organophosphorous poisoning outcome
Authors: Shama Wafaa S. , El-Gharbawy Doaa M. , Wahdan Amira A. , Hashem Ahmed A.
Published: May 2022

Background

Organophosphorous (OP) compounds are one of the major classes of pesticides. In developing countries, acute OP poisoning is a significant health problem due to its high mortality rate.

Aim

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of four scoring systems: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), Poison Severity Score (PSS), Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score for outcome prediction in acute OP-poisoned cases.

Patients and methods

This cohort study included 100 cases with acute OP poisoning admitted to Tanta University Poison Control Center from the August 1, 2019 to the end of July 2020. The sociodemographic data, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations were recorded. From the collected data, the four scores were calculated for every patient.

Results

The present study demonstrated that survivors were 92% and nonsurvivors were 8%. About 14% of patients needed intubation, mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission. Regarding prediction of mortality, nonsurvivors had significant higher values of the studied scores than survivors, except for PSS. Furthermore, receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed that REMS had the best area under the curve followed by APACHE II score and then SOFA score. Concerning prediction of the need of intubation, mechanical ventilation, and ICU admission, the study recorded statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding all studied scores and REMS had the best area under the curve followed by APACHE II score, SOFA score, and then PSS.

Conclusion

REMS was the best score for prediction of acute OP poisoning outcome.
О минимальных асимптотических базисах
Authors: Sun Cui-Fang , Zhi Cheng
Published: May 2022

Пусть $\mathbb N$ - множество всех неотрицательных целых чисел
и $A\subseteq\mathbb N$. Пусть $h,n\in\mathbb N$, $h\ge 2$ и
$r_h(A,n)=#\{(a_1,…,a_h)\in A^h:a_1+\dotsb+a_h=n\}$.
Множество $A$ называется асимптотическим базисом порядка $h$,
если $r_h(A,n)\ge 1$ для всех достаточно больших целых $n$.
Асимптотический базис $A$ порядка $h$ минимален, если никакое
собственное подмножество множества $A$ не является асимптотическим
базисом порядка $h$. Недавно Сунь использовал $2$-адические
представления целых чисел для построения нового класса минимальных
асимптотических базисов порядка $h$. В этой статье мы обобщаем
$2$-адический результат на $g$-адический случай.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Многомерные диффеоморфизмы Морса-Смейла с доминантным седлом
Authors: Zhuzhoma Evgenii Viktorovich , Medvedev Vladislav Sergeevich
Published: May 2022

В статье определяется класс диффеоморфизмов Морса-Смейла с доминантным седлом
и приводятся необходимые и достаточные условия сопряженности таких диффеоморфизмов.
Показывается, что полярные диффеоморфизмы Морса-Смейла $n$-мерной сферы $\mathbb S^n$,
$n\ge 4$, неблуждающее множество которых состоит из четырех точек, имеют доминантные
седла. В качестве следствия получаем необходимые и достаточные условия сопряженности
таких диффеоморфизмов. Мы приводим примеры полярных диффеоморфизмов
$\mathbb S^n\to\mathbb S^n$ Морса-Смейла с указанным неблуждающим множеством.
Библиография: 21 название.
Об обобщенных решениях второй краевой задачи
для дифференциально-разностных уравнений
с переменными коэффициентами на интервале нецелой длины
Authors: Skubachevskii Alexander Leonidovich , Ivanov Nikita Olegovich
Published: May 2022

Рассматривается вторая краевая задача
для дифференциально-разностного уравнения второго порядка
с переменными коэффициентами на интервале $(0,d)$.
Исследован вопрос о том, какие условия на правую часть уравнения
обеспечивают гладкость обобщенных решений краевой задачи
на всем интервале $(0,d)$ при $d \notin \mathbb{N}$.
Библиография: 13 названий.
Research Analysis on Multi Representation in Physical Materials in The Year of 2014 to 2021
Authors: Sunarti Titin
Published: May 2022

This research has the goal of analyzing the research of multi representation capabilities in physical matter. This research is a literature study with bibliometric analysis. Secondary data collection of research using Publish or Perish (PoP) in the form of articles of the last six years (2014-2021) on Google Scholar and Scopus. The results of the analysis of 19 research articles were analyzed based on the number of studies each year, VOSViewer visualization, multi representation of measured abilities including problem-solving, understanding concepts, student activities. The highest number of publications in 2021 was 6 articles, in 2015, 2016 there was no VOSViewer Visualization obtained by three dominant clusters. There are seven articles linking multi representation capabilities to problem-solving abilities for a variety of physical materials. The application of multi representation to the understanding of concepts in some materials has been carried out in as many as seven studies. This research is expected to be the next research reference in analyzing the application of appropriate learning models to improve the multi representation ability of learners for various levels of education.
Supplément en ligne pour Morfologia verbale dei dialetti lombardi nord- orientali nel loro contesto geolinguistico
Authors: Rührlinger Brigitte
Published: May 2022

Supplemento online alla seguente pubblicazione di ELiPhi: Rührlinger, Brigitte (2015), Morfologia verbale dei dialetti lombardi nord-orientali nel loro contesto geolinguistico, 328 pp. Il volume a stampa contiene un'appendice molto nutrita (pp. 261-328) con 100 carte coropletiche costruite tramite il programma dialettometrico salisburghese VDM. Alle pagine 252-260 dello stesso libro si trova inoltre un elenco di ulteriori 184 «figure» (prevalentemente di natura coropletica) destinate, sin dall’inizio, a essere presentate ai lettori unicamente in forma elettronica.
Microfacies and Depositional Environment of the Eocene Sawahlunto Coal, Ombilin Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Patria Aulia , Anggara Ferian
Published: May 2022

Ombilin Basin is well-known as one of the largest coal-producing basins in Indonesia. There is no comprehensive study conducted regarding the relationship between petrographical characteristics and coal properties in the area. The results of the petrographic study on Ombilin coal are dominated by vitrinite (45.82-72.21 col.%), liptinite (14.91-42.55 vol.%), inertinite (15.19-25.68 vol.%), and mineral matter (0.36-11.45 vol.%) which is mostly dominated by pyrite. Based on the maceral association, Ombilin coal is distinguished into five groups; telovitrinite-rich group, detrovitrinite-rich group, telovitrinite-liptinite-rich group, telovitrinite-inertinite-rich group, and inertinite-rich group. A similar correlation is found between maceral and maceral-precursor abundances in modern tropical peat in Indonesia. The basal section of Ombilin coal is interpreted to be composed of sapric and hemic peat, represented by the detrovitrinite-rich and telovitrinite-liptinite-rich groups, middle section is distinct due to the high content of the telovitrinite-rich and inertinite-rich groups, these groups are derived from fine hemic and hemic peat. The top section is dominated by inertinite-rich and detrovitrinite-rich groups and is typically comprised of fibric peat. Correlation between vertical section and maceral abundances represent the evolution changes from topogenous mire to ombrogenous mire. Coal facies and distribution of critical macerals suggest that the coal is derived from degraded woody plant tissues and marginal aquatic or herbaceous plants. The depositional environment of the precursor plants was deposited in wet forest swamp conditions and exhibited transition from limnic to limno- telmatic environment.
The Impact of Matrix Acidizing on the Petrophysical Properties of the Mishrif Formation: Experimental Investigation
Authors: Alameedy Usama , Al-haleem Ayad
Published: May 2022

Matrix acidizing is a good stimulation process in which acid is introduced into the reservoir near the wellbore area via the wellbore or coil tubing. In the oil industry, formation damage is a prevalent problem. Bypassing wellbore damage by producing wormholes in carbonate reservoirs is the main purpose of acidizing the matrix of the formation. When doing lab tests, scientists are looking for a wormhole-inducing injection rate that can be used in the field. Meantime the ongoing works on the Ahdeb oil field's Mishrif reservoir, several reports have documented the difficulties encountered during stimulation operations, including high injection pressures that make it difficult to inject acid into the reservoir formation; and only a few acid jobs have been successful in Ahdeb oil wells, while the majority of the others have been failures; For this formation, there is a high incidence of oil well stimulation failed. This requires more study. Thus, in this work, we experimented to examine the effect of acid treatment on the petrophysical parameters of the Mishrif reservoir. The acid core-flood tests used seven core samples from a central Iraqi oil field.
Cervical Abrasion and Gingival Recession in Dental Polyclinic Patients
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Dental Health, Poltekkes Kemenkes Jakarta I, Indonesia, Anggreni Eka
Published: May 2022

Background: The most common dental health problem in Indonesia is dental caries. The prevalence of caries by 92.2% and ages 35-44 years experienced dental health problems, with the DMF-T index of 6.9 meaning the average number of tooth decay was 6 to 7 teeth per person. One effort that can be carried out to prevent caries is to pay attention to the cleanliness of the oral cavity area especially teeth, plaque cleaning every day is by brushing teeth. Inappropriate brushing techniques can lead to the removal of tooth roots by transferring gingival margin bonds to the apical position of the cementoenamel junction which can result in tooth abrasion and gingival recession. The purpose of this study was to determine the cervical abrasion and gingival recession in dental polyclinic patients at the Pertamedika Clinic Office Center. Method: This study used a descriptive method. The sample of this study was using purposive sampling as many as 54 respondents. The data used are secondary data taken from the patient’s medical record. Results: The results of cervical abrasion studies showed that 25 people (46.3%) did not have cervical abrasion and 29 people (53.7%) had cervical abrasion. Respondents did not have gingival recession of 26 people (48.1%) and those who had gingival recession were 28 people (51.9%). Conclusions: Most of the Pertamedika Center Office clinic patients have cases of cervical abrasion and gingival recession.
Fragilidade ambiental como instrumento de planejamento em unidades de conservação: o caso da APA Serra da Piedade – MG
Authors:   , Pacheco Fellipe Fazionato
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar a fragilidade ambiental da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Serra da Piedade, localizada no Município de Visconde do Rio Branco, no Estado de Minas Gerais. Situada na zona de transição entre as áreas rebaixadas da Zona da Mata mineira e o relevo montanhoso da Serra da Mantiqueira, o relevo apresenta fatores que influenciam a vulnerabilidade a fragilidade ambiental. A pesquisa teve como embasamento teórico a proposição dos Geossistemas de Sotchava, 1963; Tricart, 1965; Bertrand, 1968. A base metodológica consistiu em uma análise multicriterial fundamentada nos trabalhos de Ross de 1994 e Crepani et al. (2001), que ponderam as variáveis de declividade, geomorfologia, uso da terra e precipitação. Utilizando-se o software de geoprocessamento ArcGis ® , foi realizada uma análise espacial por meio dos recursos de álgebra de mapas e pela integração dos critérios pela soma simples e divisão pelo número de variáveis, obtendo-se a fragilidade, que gerou o Mapa de Fragilidade Potencial (MFP). O Mapa de Fragilidade Emergente (MFE) foi obtido a partir da sobreposição do mapa resultante da Fragilidade Potencial (MFP) e do mapa temático com os valores estabelecidos para as diferentes classes de uso e ocupação da terra. Os resultados mostram que mais 79% da sua área é classificada com Fragilidade Potencial de média a muito alta e 19,96% são classificados com Fragilidade Potencial baixa ou muito baixa. Para o MFE, que leva em consideração as atividades humanas sobre o ambiente, os resultados mostram que mais 75% da sua área é classificada com Fragilidade Potencial de média a muito alta e cerca de 24% são classificados com Fragilidade Potencial baixa ou muito baixa. Os processos de dissecação do relevo na área do geossistema, que é a dimensão do espaço terrestre onde os diversos componentes naturais encontram-se em conexões sistêmicas uns com os outros, tem relação direta com as áreas de alta fragilidade, mas o impacto das atividades humanas faz total diferença na evolução da paisagem, como mostra o mapa de Fragilidade Emergente. Os modelos produzidos no trabalho geraram informações importantes para o planejamento ambiental e territorial da Área de Proteção Ambiental Serra da Piedade, assim como para outras áreas afins, possibilitando o uso adequado da terra, junto a proteção do ambiente, além também de possibilitar um zoneamento acessível, de fácil aplicação e fácil atualização, que gera para os órgãos responsáveis uma ferramenta eficaz, para o monitoramento da fragilidade ambiental. Palavras-chave: Geossistemas. Geoprocessamento. Mapa de Fragilidade Potencial. Mapa Fragilidade Emergente. APA Serra da Piedade-MG. Planejamento Ambiental. Geografia.
Design of Single Chip Microcomputer Control System for Stepping Motor
Authors:   School of Electrical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, China, Sun Yongjian
Published: May 2022

Stepper motor is an electrical pulse signal converted into angular displacement of electromechanical components, motors will each receive an electric impulse a step angle of rotation, and therefore also called step motor stepper motor or pulse motor. The design STC89C51 microcontroller as the core to build a stepper motor drive system, through I/O port output timing of the square wave signal as a control stepper motor drive signal through Darlington ULN2003 stepper motor drive. Then through an external keyboard circuit, thyristor display circuit can be achieved on the stepper motor acceleration and deceleration, reversing, effective control of start / stop
Development of Genetically Modified and Engineered Root and Tuber Crops in Response to Adverse Conditions to Overcome Food Problem: A Review
Authors:   Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia, AbaDura Neim Semman
Published: May 2022

Ever increasing human population in addition with global climate change, expansion of urban and shrinking of cultivable land, persistence of crop pests and diseases are contributing to sever starvation. Feeding of these population require more than double yield increment than the current situation. This can take for conventional plant breeding a long time which is a game of molecular improvement mechanism within a short period of time. So, this paper emphasized assay of on achievements of root and tuber crops improvement through modifying undesired gene traits to desirable. Root and tuber crops are the mainstay of majority of SSA where mainly cultivated for consumption. However, different production challenges such as biotic and abiotic factors and anti-nutritional factors of some crops hinder production and consumption. To tackle these problem different scientists and researchers exerted efforts of developing transgenic crops and successful results were reported on potato, cassava and taro resistant to different insect pests, diseases, drought and salinity. Additionally, inhibition of toxic substances in cassava and taro, increasing of nutritional composition such as vitamin, protein and improving postharvest storability via deactivating responsible enzymes. Even though large works had been done, comparative to other cereal crops, no more attention were given to root and tuber crops. Besides of modifying genetics of the crop the side effects it has on environment and other organism were not more touched. So, to realize food self-sufficiency doing on high yielding crop per piece of acre and side by side evaluation of effect to be occurring is recommended.
An Engine for Nanochemistry
Authors:   National Research University of Electronic Technology, MIET, Moscow, Russia, SM Afonin
Published: May 2022

The structural model of an engine for nanochemistry is obtained. The structural scheme of an engine is constructed. For the control systems in nanochemistry with an elecro elastic engine its characteristics are determined.
“Synthesis and in-vitro Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Some Novel Indole Derivatives”
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, N. N. Sattha College of Pharmacy, Ahmednagar-414001, joshi Ashwini
Published: May 2022

The objective of this paper is to focus on developing new entities of the heterocyclic molecule for its in-vitro inhibitory activities of glucosidase enzyme and the preparation and separation of new entities of the indole derivatives. Most of the indole derivatives are synthesized from the Phenyl Hydrazine and Ketone as a precursor. The prepared molecules were thoroughly tested for qualitative and quantitative analysis such as preliminary test, melting points, boiling points, Thin Layer Chromatography, Infra-Red spectroscopy, proton NMR spectroscopy, and element are determined by confirmation of final structure. The Indole ring compounds were analyzed and evaluated for glucosidase inhibitory activity by the In-vitro studies through the glucosidase inhibitory activity assay. Acarbose was used as a standard drug. The present data of in-vitro studies have led to the probable conclusion that the new Indole analogs would be taken as efficient glucosidase inhibitory activity.
The Effectiveness of Moringa (Moringa Oleifera) Bark Extract As A Repellent Against Aedes Aegypti
Authors: Akbar Nyai Harifah , Manurung Imelda F.E. , Regaletha Tadeus A.L.
Published: May 2022

Demam Berdarah Dengue adalah penyakit tular vektor nyamuk yang sering menimbulkan KLB (Kejadian Luar Biasa) yang menyebabkan kesakitan dan kematian di masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk pencegahan terhadap penyakit DBD adalah pengendalian vektor nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Bentuk pengendalian vektor secara kimiawi adalah yang paling populer, salah satunya menggunakan repellent. Repellent yang beredar di pasaran masih banyak mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya yang dapat mengendap di kulit, juga mencemari lingkungan. Ekstrak kulit batang kelor (Moringa oleifera) dapat digunakan sebagai insektisida nabati yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan tidak meninggalkan zat berbahaya di tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas kulit batang kelor konsentrasi 15%, 30%, 45%, 60% dan 75% sebagai repellent terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksperimental murni dengan rancangan penelitian posttest only control group design. Analisis data menggunakan Kruskal Wallis didapatkan hasil P= 0,019 (P< 0,05) yang artinya terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan efektivitas antara 5 kelompok konsentrasi. Rata-rata daya proteksi setiap konsentrasi ekstrak 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75% berturut-turut adalah 88,5%, 91,7%, 92,2%, 100% dan 100%.  Hasil hitung rata-rata daya proteksi repellent didapatkan hasil bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak 15% tidak efektif menjadi repellent, sedangkan konsentrasi ekstrak 30%, 45%, 60% dan 75% efektif sebagai repellent nyamuk.
Machine Learning
Authors:   Dr. M. G. R. Educational And Research Institute Chennai, India, RAMESHBABU V , VIJAYAKUMARAN C , EDWIN PRABHAKAR P. B. ,   SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai, India,   New Prince Shri Bhavani College of Engineering  and Technology Chennai, India
Published: May 2022

Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, machines have made great strides. They continue to be a common sight on factory floors and in manufacturing plants, but their capabilities have evolved to the point where they can now perform cognitive tasks in addition to the manual labour that was previously the exclusive domain of humans. There are many specific complex tasks that machines are now capable of simulating, such as judging music competitions, driving automobiles, and playing chess with professional players. Other examples include mopping the floor with professional chess players. However, studies on the planned automation of jobs and predictions about the future development of machines and artificial intelligence (AI) should be read with a healthy dose of skepticism. The development of AI technology is accelerating, but widespread implementation is still in its infancy and faces a number of known and unknown obstacles. There will inevitably be snags, holdups, and other hurdles. The concept of machine learning is also not as straightforward as turning a switch and then asking the computer to make you a tasty martini while predicting the winner of the Super Bowl. In the realm of problem-solving, machine learning is not even close to being a "out-of-the-box" option. Skilled personnel, also known as data scientists and machine learning engineers, are responsible for managing and supervising the statistical algorithms that are the basis for the operation of machines. In this particular labour market, the number of available jobs is expected to increase in the future, but the supply is now having trouble keeping up with demand. The lack of an adequate supply of professionals who possess the necessary expertise and training is one of the most significant obstacles that is delaying the progress of artificial intelligence, according to industry experts who lament this fact. This book focuses on the high-level basics of machine learning as well as the mathematical and statistical underpinnings of creating machine learning models. The book is written as per the common University syllabus compiled from Indian Universities to facilitate the B.E., B.Tech., MSc., and MCA students. Keywords: Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence
Data science teaching and learning models: focus on the Information Science area
Authors: Martins Dalton Lopes
Published: May 2022

The Data Science field has become a focus of interest for teaching and research in the Information Science area in the last decade. However, due to the specificity of the area, there are still significant challenges when it comes to building curricula for undergraduate and graduate disciplines. What is observed is that students in the area have learning difficulties when taught by traditional approaches from the hard sciences. One of the most important international scientific journals in Information Science, the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIST), opened a call for articles for a special issue of the journal with a focus on discussing the specificities of Data Science in its relations with Information Science. The call made available an extensive specialized bibliography on the subject. Nine works stand out in this research, directly indicative or referenced from the works indicated that are focused on the issue of teaching Data Science for the area. The analysis of the results points to a specific initiative to form a Data Science curriculum for the Information Science area, the School Data Science Curriculum Committee (iDSCC) initiative, and seven other curriculum models that could be adapted.
Quality standards for data and metadata addressed to data science applications
Authors: Lemos Daniela Lucas da Silva , Martins Dalton Lopes , do Carmo Danielle
Published: May 2022

The present research investigates how the models of organization and representation of information and knowledge can be applied in Data Science. We highlight and discuss how data quality standards can provide conditions for the production of curated databases for applications. As for the methodology, this is qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive research. Our theoretical discussions are supported by bibliographic research performed in the fields of data science and information science. The results contributed to understanding that the potential of data reuse for applications in Data Science depends on strategies of organization and representation of information and knowledge based on the theoretical-methodological scope of Information Science. From the metadata creation stages to the description, cataloguing, classification, and indexing processes, Information Science can make significant contributions that impact the data quality for use and reuse in diverse applications.