bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of GC in the Analysis of Carbohydrates
Authors:   Chemistry Department, Faculty Of education, Bani Walid University, Bani Walid, Libya, Gahayth Gahayth Mohammed
Published: March 2021

In the mid-1970s and before, Gas Chromatography was the leading technique for analysing carbohydrates in foods until when HPLC start to dominate. Never the less, GC still offers advantages for many applications of food technologists in carbohydrates. The efficiency of the detection of these molecules is reduced as a result of the high polarity and un-volatility of sugars. To overcome these problems, the sugars can be derivative by removing the active hydrogen such as -OH, consequently increasing volatility and improving detectability. Acylation reaction is the most commonly used method of derivatization.
Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Farmasi dan Fasilitas dengan Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Jalan di Instalasi Farmasi BLUD RSUD Kota Langsa
Authors: Syahida Ayunin
Published: March 2021

Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit sebagai penyelenggara pelayanan farmasi harus mampu memberikan pelayanan yang bermutu, yaitu dengan memenuhi kebutuhan dan kepuasan pasien sesuai standar yang berlaku. Makin sempurna kepuasan tersebut, makin baik pula mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan mutu pelayanan farmasi dan fasilitas dengan kepuasan pasien rawat jalan di instalasi farmasi BLUD RSUD Kota Langsa.

Jenis penelitian ini bersifat analitic, dengan desain cross sectional, penelitian ini menggunakan variabel independen yaitu mutu pelayanan farmasi dan fasilitas serta menggunakan variabel dependen yaitu kepuasan pasien. Menggunakan data primer dengan jumlah sampel 97 responden dengan menggunakan teknik Accidental Sampling. Data dianalisa secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji Chi- square disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distibusi frekuensi.

Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa dari 97 responden mayoritas tidak puas sebanyak 54 responden (55,7%). Ada hubungan antara mutu pelayanan dengan kepuasan pasien rawat jalan di Instalasi Farmasi BLUD RSUD Kota Langsa dengan p-value 0,000 (p<0,05) dan ada hubungan antara fasilitas dengan kepuasan pasien rawat jalan di Instalasi Farmasi BLUD RSUD Kota Langsa dengan p-value 0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa mutu pelayanan dan fasilitas di Instalasi farmasi masih dalam kategori kurang baik. Disarankan untuk memberikan pelayanan yang bermutu sehingga dapat memberikan pelayanan yang memuaskan bagi pasien dan menambah kelengkapan fasilitas serta menjaga fasilitas agar tetap dalam keadaan baik untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pasien.
Energetic costs of resistance in the Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer, 1989 (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), against spirotetramat, acetamiprid and hexaflumuron
Authors: Bemani Marjan , Moravvej Gholamhossein , Izadi Hamzeh , Namaghi Hossein Sadeghi , Basirat Mehdi , Alizadeh Ali
Published: March 2021

Abstract: The common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer, 1989 (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), is a key pest found in pistachio orchards in Iran. This pest has a high potential for developing resistance to insecticides due to its short life cycle and high reproductive potential. Intensive application of insecticides leads to excessive selection pressure followed by resistance to synthetic insecticides in some psylla populations. In this research, effects of four concentrations of three extensively used insecticides (spirotetramat, acetamiprid, and hexaflumuron) on energy resources (like sugar, lipid, glycogen, and protein contents), energy consumption, and cellular energy allocation were investigated in resistant and susceptible populations of the common pistachio psylla in the Kerman province of Iran. Energy resource contents in the susceptible population (133 331.2 mj/insect) were significantly more than in the resistant population (96 253.5 mj/insect), whereas energy consumption in the resistant population (38 630.4 mj energy/h/insect) was higher than in the susceptible population (31 276.8 mj energy/h/insect). Additionally, cellular energy allocation in the resistant population (2 400.9 mj energy/h/insect) was higher than in the susceptible population (2 126.13 mj energy/h/insect). Therefore, stress (especially toxicants) causes variations in metabolism, which influences the growth and reproduction of the pest.
memoria escenificada. Estetización de la memoria y su función
Authors: Cifuentes-Aldunate Claudio
Published: March 2021

El artículo que sigue es una reflexión sobre la escenificación literaria de una memoria. Se presentan dos casos: el relato de Marco Denevi “La historia” y el relato de Antonio Ferres “El exilio del parque”. El primer relato se instala en el hecho simple de hacer de la memoria (histórica o personal) un objeto estético, produciendo en el texto una confrontación entre un discurso ‘verdadero’ por ‘cómo se dice’ (por elementos retóricos que usa, el de Homero) frente a otro discurso que se jacta de ser verdadero por —precisamente— carecer de adornos (el de Ulises). El arte de relatar y sus estrategias narrativas y retóricas se imponen. Es finalmente lo que el público cree. En el segundo caso un texto nos presenta la memorización de un exiliado español su espacio de infancia (un parque antes de la Guerra Civil) que hoy ha sido cambiado. Hay una confrontación entre la memoria de lo que ese espacio fue y lo que actualmente es (verdadero y falseado, respectivamente). El espacio ‘parque’ se vuelve simbólico-metonímico de toda la nación española, produciéndose una estetización simbólica en la figura que el relato mismo constituye como totalidad.
Active Learning: The Panacea to Miseducative Practices in Teacher Education
Authors: Zireva Davison
Published: March 2021

Traditional education has ripple effects in education. The way the educator was taught is almost always the way the educator teaches the learners. Traditional education has a narration sickness (Freire, 2000) and the so-called educators are proselytising ideologues who are after the production of copy cats. Active learning in teacher education is anchored in reflective thinking on all practices. The teacher education student should be encouraged to embark on action research which makes one to be introspective. Thus action research makes the teacher involved in active life-long learning. The teacher who has been groomed in action research abhors routine and ritualistic methods of teaching. The action research oriented teacher makes learners active in learning episodes.
Medicare/Medicaid Insurance, Rurality, and Black Race Associated With Provision of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Survival
Authors: Moon Andrew M. , Sanoff Hanna K. , Chang YunKyung , Lund Jennifer L. , Barritt A. Sidney , Hayashi Paul H. , Stitzenberg Karyn B.
Published: March 2021

Background: Early treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with improved survival, but many patients with HCC do not receive therapy. We aimed to examine factors associated with HCC treatment and survival among incident patients with HCC in a statewide cancer registry. Materials and Methods: All patients with HCC from 2003 through 2013 were identified in the North Carolina cancer registry. These patients were linked to insurance claims from Medicare, Medicaid, and large private insurers in North Carolina. Associations between prespecified covariates and more advanced HCC stage at diagnosis (ie, multifocal cancer), care at a liver transplant center, and provision of HCC treatment were examined using multivariate logistic regression. A Cox proportional hazards model was developed to assess the association between these factors and survival. Results: Of 1,809 patients with HCC, 53% were seen at a transplant center <90 days from diagnosis, with lower odds among those who were Black (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.54; 95% CI, 0.39–0.74), had Medicare insurance (aOR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.21–0.59), had Medicaid insurance (aOR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.28–0.77), and lived in a rural area; odds of transplant center visits were higher among those who had prediagnosis alpha fetoprotein screening (aOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.35–2.23) and PCP and gastroenterology care (aOR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.27–2.18). Treatment was more likely among patients who had prediagnosis gastroenterology care (aOR, 1.68; 95% CI, 0.98–2.86) and transplant center visits (aOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.74–3.36). Survival was strongly associated with age, cancer stage, cirrhosis complications, and receipt of HCC treatment. Individuals with Medicare (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.58; 95% CI, 1.20–2.09) and Medicaid insurance (aHR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.17–2.05) had shorter survival than those with private insurance. Conclusions: In this population-based cohort of patients with HCC, Medicare/Medicaid insurance, rural residence, and Black race were associated with lower provision of HCC treatment and poorer survival. Efforts should be made to improve access to care for these vulnerable populations.
Association of Polypharmacy and Potentially Inappropriate Medications With Physical Functional Impairments in Older Adults With Cancer
Authors: Mohamed Mostafa R. , Ramsdale Erika , Loh Kah Poh , Xu Huiwen , Patil Amita , Gilmore Nikesha , Obrecht Spencer , Wells Megan , Nightingale Ginah , Juba Katherine M. , Faller Bryan , Onitilo Adedayo , Bradley Thomas , Culakova Eva , Holmes Holly , Mohile Supriya G.
Published: March 2021

Background:Polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) are prevalent in older adults with cancer, but their associations with physical function are not often studied. This study examined the associations of polypharmacy and PIMs with physical function in older adults with cancer, and determined the optimal cutoff value for the number of medications most strongly associated with physical functional impairment.Methods:This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from a randomized study enrolling patients aged ≥70 years with advanced cancer starting a new systemic cancer treatment. We categorized PIM using 2015 American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria. Three validated physical function measures were used to assess patient-reported impairments: activities of daily living (ADL) scale, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale, and the Older Americans Resources and Services Physical Health (OARS PH) survey. Optimal cutoff value for number of medications was determined by the Youden index. Separate multivariate logistic regressions were then performed to examine associations of polypharmacy and PIMs with physical function measures.Results:Among 439 patients (mean age, 76.9 years), the Youden index identified ≥8 medications as the optimal cutoff value for polypharmacy; 43% were taking ≥8 medications and 62% were taking ≥1 PIMs. On multivariate analysis, taking ≥8 medications was associated with impairment in ADL (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.64; 95% CI, 1.01–2.58) and OARS PH (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.01–2.98). PIMs were associated with impairments in IADL (aOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.09–2.73) and OARS PH (aOR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.15–3.37). A cutoff of 5 medications was not associated with any of the physical function measures.Conclusions:Physical function, an important component of outcomes for older adults with cancer, is cross-sectionally associated with polypharmacy (defined as ≥8 medications) and with PIMs. Future studies should evaluate the association of polypharmacy with functional outcomes in this population in a longitudinal fashion.
Identification of marker genes in Alzheimer's disease using a machine-learning model
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli - 620024, Tamil Nadu, India, Madar Inamul Hasan
Published: March 2021

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia, mostly affecting the elderly population. Currently, there is no proper diagnostic tool or method available for the detection of AD. The present study used two distinct data sets of AD genes, which could be potential biomarkers in the diagnosis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) curated from both datasets were used for machine learning classification, tissue expression annotation and co-expression analysis. Further, CNPY3, GPR84, HIST1H2AB, HIST1H2AE, IFNAR1, LMO3, MYO18A, N4BP2L1, PML, SLC4A4, ST8SIA4, TLE1 and N4BP2L1 were identified as highly significant DEGs and exhibited co-expression with other query genes. Moreover, a tissue expression study found that these genes are also expressed in the brain tissue. In addition to the earlier studies for marker gene identification, we have considered a different set of machine learning classifiers to improve the accuracy rate from the analysis. Amongst all the six classification algorithms, J48 emerged as the best classifier, which could be used for differentiating healthy and diseased samples. SMO/SVM and Logit Boost further followed J48 to achieve the classification accuracy.
КРИЗИС СОЦИАЛЬНО-ГУМАНИТАРНЫХ НАУК КАК ФИЛОСОФСКАЯ ПРОБЛЕМА
Authors:   Ивановский государственный химико-технологический университет, Зеленцова Марина Григорьевна
Published: March 2021

В статье рассматриваются причины кризисной ситуации, возникшей в социально-гуманитарном познании в последней четверти ХХ века. Обосновывается положение, согласно которому, суть кризиса заключается в абсолютизации идей иррациональности, субъективности и относительности знания, характерных для неклассической науки. Этот идеал находится в противоречии с классическим идеалом научности. Необходимо искать решение проблемы на пути их интеграции, которая может быть достигнута в процессе перехода к новой, постнеклассической, научной парадигме. Подчеркивается важная роль философской рефлексии в преодолении теоретических и методологических трудностей социально-гуманитарных наук
O lugar da mulher pesquisadora em tempos de pandemia do COVID-19: reflexões momentâneas | The place of research woman in pandemic times of COVID-19: momentary reflections
Authors: Pereira Mascarenhas de Alencar Carla Giselle , Coelho Gomes da Silva Sandra Célia , Amorim Messias Joice Mara , Amado Alvarez Coelho Mariana , Antunes Dias Fernandes Valéria
Published: March 2021

A pandemia causada pelo COVID-19 evidencia a importância da pesquisa para a sociedade nos seus diversos contextos, movimentando pesquisadores e pesquisadoras a descobrirem novos métodos de combate ao vírus. O presente estudo objetiva identificar o lugar da mulher nos espaços de pesquisa, ressaltando a trajetória permeada pelas conquistas obtidas e pelos desafios enfrentados. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura de artigos publicados em periódicos da área, depositados em repositórios e sites científicos de IES nacionais e internacionais, e bases de dados do CNPQ e da CAPES. Resultados de pesquisas mostram que houve crescimento no número de mulheres no campo científico, mas os cargos de destaques continuam sendo ocupados pelos homens, assim como ocorre nas construções sociais, destacando essa disparidade, encontrada não somente no campo das Ciências. Consideramos que mesmo com todos os obstáculos e a diversidade de atribuições impostas pela sociedade, a mulher vem ocupando o espaço no campo da pesquisa, oferecendo contribuições tão importantes quanto as dos homens e merecem destaque como forma de incentivo às demais que queiram seguir a carreira científica. Assim, faz-se necessário promover ações que possibilitem a visibilidade dessas pesquisadoras e que permitam a igualdade do gênero em todos os setores da sociedade. AbstractThe pandemic caused by COVID-19 highlights the importance of research for society in its various contexts, moving researchers to discover new methods of fighting the virus. The present study aims to identify the place of women in research spaces, highlighting the trajectory permeated by the achievements obtained and the challenges faced. For this, a literature review of articles published in journals in the area, deposited in repositories and scientific sites of national and international HEIs, and databases of CNPQ and CAPES was carried out. Research results show that there has been an increase in the number of women in the scientific field, but the leading positions continue to be occupied by men, as well as in social constructions, highlighting this disparity, found not only in the field of Sciences. We consider that despite all the obstacles and the diversity of attributions imposed by society, women have been occupying the space in the field of research, offering contributions as important as those of men and deserve to be highlighted as a way of encouraging others who want to pursue their scientific careers. Thus, it is necessary to promote actions that enable the visibility of these researchers and that allow gender equality in all sectors of society.
Fundamentalismo religioso e político na pandemia: “é isso mesmo”, “e daí?” | Religious and political fundamentalism in the pandemic: “that is it”, “so what?”
Authors: Souza Catiane , Chéquer Priscila
Published: March 2021

O principal objetivo deste artigo é discutir sobre o fundamentalismo religioso enquanto emblema de posições políticas durante o período da pandemia no contexto brasileiro. Nesse intuito, inicialmente apresentamos a compreensão do fundamentalismo religioso, comentando os efeitos de sentidos que circulam em plataformas midiáticas do Brasil. Na sequência, analisamos um pronunciamento do Presidente Jair Bolsonaro. Para isso, nos apropriamos da noção de Formações Imaginárias, conceito teórico/analítico da Análise do Discurso da escola francesa. No terceiro item do artigo, ressaltamos os mecanismos que significam a ciência e a mídia como inimigas, sobretudo, em plena pandemia da COVID-19. No último item de discussão, refletimos sobre a circulação midiática de fake news que sustentam valores do fundamentalismo político-religioso. A aceleração da capacidade de circulação midiática, no cenário político de negacionismo científico, desvalorização da imprensa e imposição dos valores ultra tradicionais, destaca novos aspectos dos discursos fundamentalistas que contribuem para a ascensão e manutenção de um governo com tendência ao autoritarismo. Por fim, destacamos as reverberações sobre mídia e ciência identificadas nesse breve estudo como alvo de maior descrédito entre parcelas dos evangélicos e dos católicos. AbstractThe main objective of this article is to discuss religious fundamentalism as an emblem of political positions during the pandemic period in the Brazilian context. In this regard, we initially presented the understanding of religious fundamentalism, commenting on the effects of meanings that circulate in Brazilian media platforms. Following this, we analyzed a statement by President Jair Bolsonaro. For this, we appropriated the notion of imaginary formations, a theoretical/analytical concept of the French School’s Discourse Analysis. In the third item of the article, we highlight the mechanisms that turn science and the media as enemies, above all, in the middle of the Covid-19 pandemic. In the last item of discussion, we reflected on the media circulation of fake news that support values of political-religious fundamentalism. The acceleration of the capacity of media circulation, in the political scenario of scientific denialism, devaluation of the press and imposition of ultra traditional values, highlights new aspects of fundamentalist discourses that contribute to the rise and maintenance of a government with a tendency towards authoritarianism. Finally, we highlight the reverberations on media and science identified in this brief study as the target of greater discredit among parcels of Evangelicals and Catholics.
Resumos de Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso do Bacharelado em Teologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Campus Curitiba, defendidos em 2020 | Abstracts of the Undergraduate final monographs in Theology defended in 2020 at the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná
Authors: Autores Vários
Published: March 2021

Resumos de Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso do Bacharelado em Teologia da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Campus Curitiba, defendidos em 2020Abstracts of the Undergraduate final monographs in Theology defended in 2020 at the Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná
In Vitro Antioxidant and In Vivo Antidiabetic Properties of Citrus Maxima Leaf Extracts in Alloxan-Induced Swiss Albino Diabetic Mice
Authors: Islam Ariful , Tasnin Most. Naoshia , Bari Md. Wasim , Hossain Md. Ismail , Islam Mohammad Amirul
Published: March 2021

Aims: The current study aimed to explore in vitro antioxidant capacity and in vivo antidiabetic property of Citrus maxima leaf.

Methods: Citrus maxima leaf extracts were prepared using methanol (MECML) and ethanol (EECML) in this study. Antioxidant capacity of both extracts was evaluated using total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, DPPH free radical scavenging assay, and ABTS free radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxicity of MECML and EECML was assessed by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. To explore the in vivo antidiabetic property of MECML and EECML, diabetic mellitus (DM) was induced in Swiss albino mice by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan. Then diabetic mice were treated with both extracts for 28 days. Effects of both extracts on serum levels of glucose, liver function enzymes, and parameters of lipid profile associated with DM were evaluated.

Results: In TAC and FRAP assays, MECML and EECML represented gradually increased reducing capacity in a dose-dependent manner. In DPPH and ABTS assays, both extracts showed notable free radical scavenging activity with lower IC50 values. Additionally, MECML and EECML showed very low toxicity with LC50 values of 80.46 and 105.59 μg/mL, respectively in brine shrimp lethality assay. Moreover, both extracts significantly augmented altered levels of serum glucose, parameters of lipid profile, SGPT, SGOT, and C-reactive protein with the treatment of MECML and EECML. 

Conclusion: This study suggests Citrus maxima leaf possesses significant antioxidant and antidiabetic properties and they might play a potential role to prevent diabetic mellitus and diabetic mellitus associated complications.
Effect of Climate Change on Maize Productivity: Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Gurusamy Parthasarathi , Rudrasamy Balasubramanian
Published: March 2021

Aim: The maize is widely grown all parts of the world and it is consumed by all people. This paper studies the impact of climate variability on yield of maize crop in Tamil Nadu using Panel regression analysis.     

Study Design: Rainfall (max and min), Temperature (max and min) and yield details were collected from the Indian Meteorological Department and crop production reports respectively used for analysis. 

Place and Duration: Tamil Nadu, India.

Methodology: Panel data model was used to estimate crop production functions.

Results and Conclusion: The study focused on the impact of climate variability on yield of maize crop in Tamil Nadu using Panel regression analysis. The high rainfall leads to The effect of NEM rainfall on maize yield is dependent on the level of NEM temperature and vice-versa. This is probably because of the fact that in most of the districts in Tamil Nadu, maize is grown as a rainfed crop in north-east monsoon season with lower temperature and hence increase in temperature together with good amount of rainfall would lead to higher yield of maize.
Correlation between building attributes and room rates for private home rentals converted from quaint old houses in Osaka City through a hedonic approach
Authors: Kondo Rei , Matsushita Daisuke
Published: March 2021

Two groups of hedonic price models were constructed, one for quaint old private home rentals and the other for non‐quaint old private home rentals. In the case of quaint old private home rentals, a higher presence of traditional design corresponded to higher room rates. In the case of non‐quaint old private home rentals, closer distances to a train station and higher roadside land prices corresponded to higher room rates. A potential market was found for private home rentals of homes converted from old houses that had lost their market value as residences.
Multicenter randomized phase II study comparing docetaxel plus curcumin versus docetaxel plus placebo in first‐line treatment of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Passildas‐Jahanmohan Judith , Eymard Jean‐Christophe , Pouget Mélanie , Kwiatkowski Fabrice , Van Praagh Isabelle , Savareux Laurent , Atger Marc , Durando Xavier , Abrial Catherine , Richard Damien , Ginzac Couvé Angeline , Thivat Emilie , Monange Brigitte , Chollet Philippe , Mahammedi Hakim
Published: March 2021

Background

Metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients have a poor prognosis, and curcumin is known to have antineoplastic properties. On the basis of previous phase I and phase II studies, we investigated whether the association of curcumin with docetaxel could improve prognosis among mCRPC patients.

Methods

A total of 50 mCRPC patients (included from June 2014 to July 2016) treated with docetaxel in association with oral curcumin (6 g/d for 7 days every 3 weeks) versus placebo were included in this double‐blind, randomized, phase II study. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the time to progression. Among the secondary endpoints, compliance, overall survival, prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) response, safety, curcumin absorption, and quality of life were investigated. An interim analysis was planned in the modified intention‐to‐treat population with data at 6 months (22 patients per arm).

Results

Despite good compliance and a verified absorption of curcumin, no difference was shown for our primary endpoint: progression‐free survival (PFS) between the placebo and curcumin groups was, respectively, 5.3 months versus 3.7 months, p = 0.75. Similarly, no difference was observed for the secondary objectives: PSA response rate (p = 0.88), overall survival (p = 0.50), and quality of life (p = 0.49 and p = 0.47).

Conclusion

Even though our previous studies and data in the literature seemed to support an association between curcumin and cancer therapies in order to improve patient outcome and prognosis, the results from this interim analysis clearly showed that adding curcumin to mCRPC patients’ treatment strategies was not efficacious. The study was discontinued on the grounds of futility.
Decision‐Making Styles, Career Decision Self‐Efficacy, and Career Adaptability Among High School Students
Authors: Dostanić Jelena , Suvajdžić Katarina , Krpović–Bojanić Željka
Published: March 2021

We investigated the relationships between decision‐making styles, career decision self‐efficacy, and career adaptability among high school students. We also sought to determine whether gender moderates the relationships among these three constructs. A total of 216 Serbian final‐year high school students responded to career adaptability and decision‐making measures. Results of structural equation modeling showed that career decision self‐efficacy mediates a positive relationship between the rational and intuitive styles and a negative relationship between the dependent style and career adaptability. The rational style only had a direct effect on career adaptability. Gender moderated one path—a regression weight of self‐efficacy on career adaptability. For male students, self‐efficacy was not a significant predictor of career adaptability. The results suggest that career counselors might approach students differently depending on students' gender and that the role of gender in career decision‐making and adaptability processes should be investigated further.
Cervical Lymph Node Features Predictive of Suboptimal Adequacy During Ultrasound‐Guided Fine‐Needle Aspiration in Thyroid Cancer Patients
Authors: Chen Joshua Vic , Morgan Tara A. , Liu Chienying , Khanafshar Elham , Choi Hailey H.
Published: March 2021

Purpose

To determine the rate of cytologic and diagnostic adequacy and identify features associated with suboptimal tissue sampling in ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (US‐FNA) of suspected nodal disease in thyroid cancer patients.

Methods

A single‐institution pathology database was queried for lymph node FNA reports in thyroid cancer patients from 2014 to 2019. Charts were reviewed for demographics, body mass index (BMI), prior thyroidectomy, cancer type, and subsequent surgery. Ultrasound images were retrospectively reviewed for location, size, depth from skin, cystic components, macrocalcification, echogenic foci, and internal vascularity score. Pathology reports were categorized as cellular and diagnostic, hypocellular/acellular but diagnostic with abnormal cells or thyroglobulin levels, or hypocellular and nondiagnostic. Correlation and multivariate regression analyses were performed.

Results

Initial query yielded 552 lesions in 343 subjects. Following exclusion, 377 lesions in 255 subjects were included. Mean patient age was 48.5 years (14–90), BMI 28.5, and 66.7% female and 33.3% male. The majority (95.3%) had papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC); and 65.5% had prior thyroidectomy. 17.7% of lesions were hypocellular/acellular (suboptimal), and 5.6% nondiagnostic. Patient factors had no association (P >.05). Right‐sidedness and hypovascularity were associated with hypocellularity (P <.05). Higher long/short‐axis ratio and cystic foci were weakly associated. On multivariate analysis, right‐sidedness (odds ratio [OR] 1.99; confidence interval [CI] 1.10–3.57) and lower vascularity score (OR 0.54; CI 0.39–0.73) were predictive of suboptimal sampling.

Conclusion

US‐FNA has high diagnostic yield and cellular sample rate. Lesion size had no effect. Right‐sidedness and lower vascularity scores were predictive of suboptimal tissue. Identifying these features and expected sample adequacy rates can inform management decisions for thyroid cancer patients with cervical lymphadenopathy.
Drammatic breaks: Break recovery experiences as mediators between job demands and affect in the afternoon and evening
Authors: Virtanen Anniina , Van Laethem Michelle , de Bloom Jessica , Kinnunen Ulla
Published: March 2021

The present study focused on within‐workday recovery, which has received less scholarly attention than has recovery outside work. We examined six break recovery experiences (detachment, relaxation, autonomy, mastery, meaning and affiliation) as possible mediators between daily emotional job demands, positive and negative affect both in the afternoon and in the evening. We conducted a one‐work week diary study (N = 107) among Finnish schoolteachers with three daily measurements per workday. Most participants (88%) were women, and the average age was 50 years. The data were analysed with multilevel path modelling. Regarding daily afternoon affect, both low break detachment and low break meaning mediated the relationship between high daily emotional demands and low afternoon positive affect and high afternoon negative affect. Regarding daily evening affect, only low break meaning mediated the relationship between high daily emotional demands and low evening positive affect. In addition, afternoon positive and negative affect did mediate the relationships between break detachment and meaning and positive and negative evening affect. Our findings offer new insights into the interplay of daily job demands, break recovery experiences and affective well‐being. Despite detachment, meaning, which has received limited research attention as a recovery experience, seems to play an important role in within‐workday recovery. Our study also suggests that successful break recovery can benefit employees' affective well‐being in the evening.
Teamarbeit und Stress bei Routineeingriffen: eine Beobachtungsstudie multiprofessioneller OP-Teams
Authors: Passauer-Baierl Stefanie , Stumpf Ulla , Weigl Matthias
Published: March 2021

Hintergrund

Effektive interprofessionelle Teamarbeit im Operationssaal (OP) und intraoperativer Stress sind von großer Bedeutung für Patientensicherheit und Versorgungsqualität. Dennoch gibt es nur wenige systematische Studien zum Zusammenhang von Teamarbeit im OP und Arbeitsstress.

Ziele der Arbeit

Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs von Teamarbeit und empfundenem Stress bei Routineeingriffen – für das OP-Team als Gesamtheit sowie für die einzelnen Professionen Chirurgie, Anästhesie und Pflege.

Material und Methoden

Durchgeführt wurde eine Mehrmethodenstudie bestehend aus Expertenbeobachtungen mittels eines standardisierten Beobachtungsinstruments (OTAS-D) und systematischer Selbstberichte des gesamten OP-Teams. Erfasst wurden 64 elektive Routineeingriffe unterschiedlicher chirurgischer Fachbereiche. Die statistischen Zusammenhangsanalysen unter Kontrolle prozeduraler Einflussfaktoren wurden mit „Mixed-effects“-Regressionsmodellen berechnet.

Ergebnisse

Die Güte der intraoperativen Teamarbeit lag auf mittlerem Niveau. Der situative Stress während des Eingriffs wurde durch die Befragten eher auf niedrigerem Niveau berichtet, mit signifikanten Unterschieden zwischen den Professionen Chirurgie, Pflege und Anästhesie. Mitglieder des chirurgischen Teams berichteten im Durchschnitt die höchsten Stressniveaus. Ein genereller Zusammenhang zwischen Teamarbeit und Stresserleben konnte nicht beobachtet werden, allerdings für die einzelnen Professionen: Für das chirurgische Team ergaben sich signifikante, positive Zusammenhänge, sowie für die Teamarbeitsdimensionen Zusammenarbeit und Führung. Signifikante negative Zusammenhänge ergaben sich für das Pflegeteam hinsichtlich der Qualität der interdisziplinären Teamarbeit insgesamt sowie für die Teamarbeitsdimension Team-Monitoring.

Diskussion

Die Effekte interprofessioneller Zusammenarbeit im OP auf subjektives Stressempfinden bei Routineeingriffen hängen von Professionszugehörigkeit, Aufgabe und Tätigkeit ab. Weitere Forschungsarbeit ist notwendig, inwiefern gute Teamarbeit bei Routineeingriffen innerhalb und über die Professionen hinweg intraoperativen Stress beeinflusst.
Is It Freedom? The Coming About of the EU Directive on Whistleblower Protection
Authors: Vandekerckhove Wim
Published: March 2021

In November 2019 the EU Whistleblower Directive came into force. Whistleblowing has been described as a human right and a freedom fundamental to democracy. But it is not always straightforward to understand concrete cases of reporting wrongdoing in terms of abstract political philosophy. This paper uses a discussion between Berlin and Skinner about what negative freedom is, as a theoretical framework to understand the struggles of a campaigning platform of trade unions and civil society organizations, in the coming about of the EU Whistleblower Directive. The paper is empirically based on a document analysis of two Resolutions in the European Parliament, the European Commission’s proposal text, the approved text in the European Parliament, and messages on the listserv of the campaigning platform between February 2017 and April 2019. The paper provides insights on how whistleblowing freedom relates to public interest and autonomy.
Software product-line evaluation in the large
Authors: Lindohf Robert , Krüger Jacob , Herzog Erik , Berger Thorsten
Published: March 2021

Software product-line engineering is arguably one of the most successful methods for establishing large portfolios of software variants in an application domain. However, despite the benefits, establishing a product line requires substantial upfront investments into a software platform with a proper product-line architecture, into new software-engineering processes (domain engineering and application engineering), into business strategies with commercially successful product-line visions and financial planning, as well as into re-organization of development teams. Moreover, establishing a full-fledged product line is not always possible or desired, and thus organizations often adopt product-line engineering only to an extent that deemed necessary or was possible. However, understanding the current state of adoption, namely, the maturity or performance of product-line engineering in an organization, is challenging, while being crucial to steer investments. To this end, several measurement methods have been proposed in the literature, with the most prominent one being the Family Evaluation Framework (FEF), introduced almost two decades ago. Unfortunately, applying it is not straightforward, and the benefits of using it have not been assessed so far. We present an experience report of applying the FEF to nine medium- to large-scale product lines in the avionics domain. We discuss how we tailored and executed the FEF, together with the relevant adaptations and extensions we needed to perform. Specifically, we elicited the data for the FEF assessment with 27 interviews over a period of 11 months. We discuss experiences and assess the benefits of using the FEF, aiming at helping other organizations assessing their practices for engineering their portfolios of software variants.
Genetic variation of seed phosphorus concentration in winter oilseed rape and development of a NIRS calibration
Authors: Eifler Jakob , Wick Jürgen Enno , Steingrobe Bernd , Möllers Christian
Published: March 2021

Phytic acid is the major organic phosphorus storage compound in rapeseed. Following oil extraction, the defatted meal is used in feed mixtures for livestock. However, monogastric pigs and chickens can only poorly metabolize phytate. Hence, their excrements are rich in phosphorus (P), which when applied as manure may lead to eutrophication of surface waters. The aim of the present study was to analyze the genetic variation for total and organic P concentration (i.e. mainly phytate) in rapeseed and to compare the results with soybean. Two sets of rapeseed material were tested in field experiments in different environments with varying soil P levels and harvested seeds were used for seed quality analysis. Results revealed significant genotypic differences in total seed P concentration, which ranged from 0.47 to 0.94%. Depending on the experiment, the heritability for total P concentration ranged from 52 to 93%. The organic P portion of total P concentration was above 90% for current rapeseed hybrids. In both sets, there was a significant positive correlation between seed protein and P concentration. A NIRS calibration for total P concentration in intact seeds showed in cross validation a standard error of 0.05% and a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.83. Total P concentration of soybean seeds and meal was between 0.55 and 0.65%, and around 1.1% for rapeseed meal. Rapeseed meal had a twofold higher ratio of total P to nitrogen concentration as compared to soybean which could be considered adverse when the meal is used for feeding livestock.
ExoSim: the Exoplanet Observation Simulator
Authors: Sarkar Subhajit , Pascale Enzo , Papageorgiou Andreas , Johnson Luke J. , Waldmann Ingo
Published: March 2021

A new generation of exoplanet research beckons and with it the need for simulation tools that accurately predict signal and noise in transit spectroscopy observations. We developed ExoSim: an end-to-end simulator that models noise and systematics in a dynamical simulation. ExoSim improves on previous simulators in the complexity of its simulation, versatility of use and its ability to be generically applied to different instruments. It performs a dynamical simulation that can capture temporal effects such as correlated noise and systematics on the light curve. It has also been extensively validated, including against real results from the Hubble WFC3 instrument. We find ExoSim is accurate to within 5% in most comparisons. ExoSim can interact with other models which simulate specific time-dependent processes. A dedicated star spot simulator allows ExoSim to produce simulated observations that include spot and facula contamination. ExoSim has been used extensively in the Phase A and B design studies of the ARIEL mission, and has many potential applications in the field of transit spectroscopy.
Just look at to open it up:
Authors: Smiatacz Maciej , Wiszniewski Bogdan
Published: March 2021

Electronic documents constitute specific units of information, and protecting them against unauthorized access is a challenging task. This is because a password protected document may be stolen from its host computer or intercepted while on transfer and exposed to unlimited offline attacks. The key issue is, therefore, making document passwords hard to crack. We propose to augment a common text password authentication interface to encrypted documents with a biometric facial identity verification providing highly personalized security mechanism based on pseudo-identities. In consequence the encrypted document can be unlocked with the legitimate user’s face, while for everyone else stays encrypted with a hard to crack text password. This paper makes two contributions: (1) The proposed scheme enables password autofill without referring to any external service, which significantly limits the possibilities of an attack by adversaries when opening, reading and editing the protected document, (2) By the adoption of biometric verification techniques enabling fine-tuning of false acceptance and false rejection rates, it provides for responsible adaptation to users.
Energetic and geometric characteristics of the substituents. Part 1. The case of NO2 and NH2 groups in their mono-substituted derivatives of simple benzenoid hydrocarbons
Authors: Wieczorkiewicz Paweł A. , Szatylowicz Halina , Krygowski Tadeusz M.
Published: March 2021

Simple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, substituted by strongly electron-donating (NH2) and withdrawing (NO2) groups, are studied employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A new approach to a description of the substituent effect, the energy of substituent, E(X), is proposed and evaluated. It is defined as E(X) = E(R-X)−E(R), where R is the unsubstituted system; X = NH2, NO2. Changes in the energy of the substituents, estimated for the benzene analog, Erel(X), allow the energy of the various substituents to be compared. The obtained values are interpreted through correlations with the geometry of the substituent and the substituted system. We show that Erel(X) is strongly dependent on the proximity of the substitution. Values of Erel(X) are also compared with a substituent descriptor based on atomic charge distribution–charge of the substituent active region, cSAR(X). It has been shown that these two descriptors correlate very well (R2 > 0.99); however, only for linear acenes with similar, “benzene-like” proximity. Moreover, relations between Erel(X) and cSAR(X), the geometry of the substituents, and angle at the ipso carbon atom can be explained by the well-established Bent–Walsh rule.
A Pragmatic Assessment of Google Translate for Emergency Department Instructions
Authors: Taira Breena R. , Kreger Vanessa , Orue Aristides , Diamond Lisa C.
Published: March 2021

Background

Because many hospitals have no mechanism for written translation, ED providers resort to the use of automated translation software, such as Google Translate (GT) for patient instructions. A recent study of discharge instructions in Spanish and Chinese suggested that accuracy rates of Google Translate (GT) were high.

Study Objective

To perform a pragmatic assessment of GT for the written translation of commonly used ED discharge instructions in seven commonly spoken languages.

Methods

A prospective assessment of the accuracy of GT for 20 commonly used ED discharge instruction phrases, as evaluated by a convenience sample of native speakers of seven commonly spoken languages (Spanish, Chinese, Vietnamese, Tagalog, Korean, Armenian, and Farsi). Translations were evaluated using a previously validated matrix for scoring machine translation, containing 5-point Likert scales for fluency, adequacy, meaning, and severity, in addition to a dichotomous assessment of retention of the overall meaning.

Results

Twenty volunteers evaluated 400 google translated discharge statements. Volunteers were 50% female and spoke Spanish (5), Armenian (2), Chinese (3), Tagalog (4), Korean (2), and Farsi (2). The overall meaning was retained for 82.5% (330/400) of the translations. Spanish had the highest accuracy rate (94%), followed by Tagalog (90%), Korean (82.5%), Chinese (81.7%), Farsi (67.5%), and Armenian (55%). Mean Likert scores (on a 5-point scale) were high for fluency (4.2), adequacy (4.4), meaning (4.3), and severity (4.3) but also varied.

Conclusion

GT for discharge instructions in the ED is inconsistent between languages and should not be relied on for patient instructions.
A Nation of Immigrants
Authors: Martin Susan F.
Published: March 2021

Immigration makes America what it is and is formative for what it will become. America was settled by three different models of immigration, all of which persist to the present. The Virginia Colony largely equated immigration with the arrival of laborers, who had few rights. Massachusetts welcomed those who shared the religious views of the founders but excluded those whose beliefs challenged prevailing orthodoxy. Pennsylvania valued pluralism, becoming the most diverse colony in religion, language, and culture. A fourth, anti-immigration model also emerged during the colonial period, and was often fueled by populist leaders who stoked fears about newcomers. Arguing that the Pennsylvania model has best served the country, this book makes key recommendations for future immigration reform. Given the highly controversial nature of immigration in the United States, this second edition – updated to analyze policy changes in the Obama and Trump administrations – provides valuable insights for academics and policymakers.
LOVE, GRIEF, FEAR, AND SHAME: MEDEA'S INTERCONNECTING EMOTIONS IN BOOK 3 OF APOLLONIUS’ ARGONAUTICA
Authors: Sanders Ed
Published: March 2021

In its justly celebrated Book 3, the fast pace of action elsewhere in Apollonius’ Argonautica slows dramatically, such that Medea's erotic infatuation with Jason, and the consequent effects of this infatuation, become the central episode of the entire epic. Indeed, the role that Medea's erôs (erotic love, desire) plays in Book 3 is so great that one scholar has opined that ‘It is not the heroic as such but rather the erotic that becomes the real theme.’ However, it is not just erôs that shapes this book, but also Medea's internal battle with a number of other emotions that erôs engenders: principally grief, fear, and shame. Assessing the impact of each and understanding their interplay is complicated, however, because the text frequently presents them as occurring multifariously, or in quick succession – for example switching from erôs to grief, back to erôs, to fear, back to grief, to pity, and to grief again, all within a few lines (443–71). Accordingly I propose to disaggregate her emotions, looking at each in turn wherever it occurs, before considering how Apollonius presents them as interconnecting, and what such interconnections add to his overall presentation of Medea – especially by contrast to that of Euripides, from an emotional perspective the most important precursor.
Building the monarchy of the Father
Authors: Sijuwade Joshua R.
Published: March 2021

This article aims to provide an explication of the doctrine of the monarchy of the Father. A precisification of the doctrine is made within the building-fundamentality framework provided by Karen Bennett, which enables a further clarification of the central elements of the doctrine to be made and an important objection against it to be answered.