bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The issue of plot and ideological content harmony in Spujmay Zaryob's stories
Authors:   Ph.D student, TDSHU, NAZAROVA AFZUNA
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the stories of the famous Afghan writer Spujmay Zaryob, the disclosure of the plot construction technique and the study of the ideological content of his stories "Our Calligraphy Teacher" and "Song of Independence". When covering the topic, analysis-synthesis, comparative-comparative, historical methods were used. You can learn about the reflection of prose in Afghan literature of the twentieth century from the analysis of the work of Spujmay Zaryab, in particular, two of his articles. The author examines the author’s style of storytelling, the ways in which the events that make up the plot relate to each other in revealing the idea of the story, and the stages of the development of the plot chain. While the author used psychological conflict to reveal the human psyche in stories, he used interpersonal conflicts to show the relationship between society and the individual. In this way, Afghan society revealed the attitudes and lifestyles of ordinary Afghan families. In addition to collisions, in the author’s stories, portraits and figurative expressions are skillfully used, which allowed deeper to reveal the idea of the story. These tales of Spuzhmaya Zaryob are also based on flashbacks and include dreams and fantasy imagery. The article provides a comparative analysis of these two stories, which are not as long as at the time of writing, and highlights the similarities and differences in the ideological content of the stories, as well as in the structure of the plot. Ideologically, one of the stories glorifies humanity, while the other promotes love for the Motherland and its glorification. The analysis reveals the relevance of this ideological content for the plot of the story. From these stories, we can also see that the author made a worthy contribution to Dari literature of the new era, using the modernist style of expression in Dari literature.
Regarding the trade convoy sent from the General-Governorship of Turkestan to Kashgar (as an example of Archive documents)
Authors:   Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, TSUOS, Alimova Rakhima
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of information about the embassies and trade relations of the Turkestan Governor General with Kashgar, Yarkand and Khotan which are stored in the historical fund of the National Archives of Uzbekistan, the report of the trusted trading house of the Bykovskys, Vasily Nikitin, on his movement with a caravan through the Kokand Khanate and the Terek-Davan pass to Kashgar and about a trip from there through Yarkand to Khotan, analyzes the statistical indicators of trade relations in Kashgar, information about various goods, as well as about prices and varieties of goods of foreign and Russian factories.
Social life of medieval Egyptian women
Authors:   Doctor of History (DSc), Associate Professor, International Islamic Academy of Uzbekistan, ARIPOVA ZUHRA
Published: March 2023

This article contains information on the role of women in public life during the reign of the Mamluks in Egypt (1250-1517), their influence on the Mamluk sultans, and Queen of Egypt Shajaratu-d-dur, which contributed to the creation of the Mamluk state. The article is based on the works of many medieval Arab historians. It is known that in Islamic countries there is an opinion that a woman cannot rule the state. After the death of Sultan Turanshah in 1250, prominent people of Egypt saw the need for the ascension of Shajaratu-d-dur to the throne. She ruled Egypt for 80 days. When she realized that the courtiers were beginning to rebel against her rule, she married commander-in-chief Oybek. And when Muad ad-Din Oybek al-Turkmani ascended the throne, the period of direct rule of the Mamluks began. In the palaces of the Mamluk sultans, women were glorified and called “hotun”. Women at that time were followers of Sufi sects along with men. Hund Shakarboy, the wife of the Sultan of Hushkadam, was known as the patron of the Badavia sect. Writers of that period described women in their works. Women spent their time mainly in their homes and went outside mainly for shopping at the market and for weddings.
According to the spending of funds collected from taxes in the Khanate of Khiva
Authors:   Ph.D. student, TSUOS, ABDUKHALILOVA AZIZA
Published: March 2023

This article analyzes tax notebooks that occupy a significant place among the documents of the “archive of Khiva Khans” stored in the National Archive of Uzbekistan, which constitute the main source group in the study of the tax system of the Khiva Khanate of the late XIX – early XX centuries. The khanate studied the funds that came to the treasury at the expense of solgut, zakat, tithes, and tavhij's notebooks on food consumption. The money collected from taxes was transferred to other areas in addition to palace expenses. In particular, for the defense of the state, the salaries of military personnel, communication with neighboring countries, for the development of the cultural and religious sphere, in particular, it was spent on such areas as the construction of mosques and madrassas, as well as on salaries for religious scholars, tolibi sciences. It was also found that the khan's treasury, which was filled with taxes, was also spent in order to develop and improve new lands.
Problems and prospects of the project of china-kyrgyzstan-uzbekistan railway
Authors:   Lanzhou University Ph.D. Candidate, HONGYUAN ZANG
Published: March 2023

It is necessary to consider the possible mutual benefits not only for the three states that are directly involved in the project but also for the benefits of enhanced regional integration. This article will provide a number of recommendations for problems and prospects of the project of China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway. The need for such transport links should be seen in the light of both Uzbekistan’s and Kyrgyzstan’s economic under-development and having enhanced transport links to the wider world could go a long way towards revitalizing these struggling economies. For both landlocked states, (in Uzbekistan’s case ‘Double Landlocked’) connecting to the outside world has been a big issue since gaining independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Central Asia inherited a railway network that in many cases left the newly independent states with transport infrastructure gravitating more towards Moscow than with the rest of the region (or even with other parts of their own countries). Additionally, in the case of Kyrgyzstan more than Uzbekistan.
INTERPRETATION OF MYTHOLOGICAL TOPICS IN THE FINE ART OF THE XX CENTURY
Authors:   Candidate of Arts, Associate Professor National Institute of Fine Arts and Design named after K. Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, ABDURAKHMONOV Ibrakhim R.
Published: March 2023

This article provides a comprehensive and systematic study of the evolution of the interpretation of mythological themes in the fine arts of Uzbekistan in the XX century, the dynamics of development of works on the theme in the works of artists in terms of the relationship of socio-political ideology to our artistic culture. New interpretations of myths, epics and folklore in modern painting over the past hundred years, the originality of works based on the creative thinking of artists, the dynamics of development, the influence of new and old artistic traditions on the development of art are comprehensively scientifically presented.
THE EXPERIENCE OF JAPAN IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATIONAL EFFICIENCY
Authors:   Researcher National Institute of Fine Arts and Design named after K. Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, JUMAYEVA Sevara D.
Published: March 2023

First of all, this article discusses ways to boost the efficiency of the educational system, in particular, the Japanese education system, which is one of the most developed countries in the world, and some aspects of the Japanese experience in the world of education, in general, commented on. In this article, the issues of attitudes towards students in the educational process in Japan and the development of their leadership abilities, which they do not even know themselves, are discussed.
THE IMAGE OF GREAT HISTORICAL FIGURES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF PAINTINGS OF KARAKALPAK FOLK ARTIST B. AYTMURATOV WHICH KEPT IN THE STATE MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND CULTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN)
Authors:   Researcher State Museum of History and Culture of Republic of Karakalpakstan Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan, BAYBOSINOVA Seniya S. , KUWANISNBAEVA Khurliman ,   Student Karakalpak State University named after Berdakh
Published: March 2023

In this article, the concept of a historical portrait in the genre of fine art, the creation of images. At the same time, information was provided on the work of the Karakalpak People's Artist B.Aytmuratov. The content and meaning of the genre historical and portrait paintings created by the artist are revealed.
THE INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY OF 3D GRAPHICS IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN INSTITUTES OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Researcher National Institute of Fine Arts and Design named after K. Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, NURIDINOVA Zarina L.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the problems of implementing the study 3D graphics are included in the educational process at institutes in Uzbekistan, namely at the National Institute of Fine Art and Design named after Kamoliddin Bekhzod at the Department of "Applied Graphics". The article analyzes in detail the implementation of the experience of foreign institutes, and also considers the lack of highly qualified specialists in the field of 3D graphics in the country. The rapid development of technology obliges society to keep up with innovations and innovation news. In turn, the introduction of the study of 3D graphics at the National Institute of Fine Art and Design named after Kamoliddin Bekhzod will serve to train highly qualified specialists in this field. Of particular relevance is the study of transformations in the structure of science and technology in the XXI century and its impact on education in the country.
FROM THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY OF MEDIEVAL ORIENTAL MINIATURES (from the Fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan)
Authors:   Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) National Institute of Fine Arts and Design named after K. Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, RAKHMATULLAEVA Asalkhon
Published: March 2023

The article contains some materials about the history and origin of the fund of manuscripts of the Institute of Oriental studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Also, the focus was on the history of the study of Oriental miniatures of the middle ages. The article examined some of the miniatures of the poems of authors Firdowsi, Nizami Ganjavi, Amir Khusraw Dehlevi, Alisher Navoi.
HISTORICAL MEMORY – CARING FOR FUTURE
Authors:   Student National Institute of Fine Arts and Design named after K. Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, ISAKOVA A’lo
Published: March 2023

Aуbek was born in the family of an artisan weaver on January 10, 1905 in Tashkent. He wrote such works as “Sacred Blood”, “Wind of the Golden Valley”, “The Sun Will Not Dim”, “Navoi”. This house where the writer lived and worked has become a house-museum now. The house-museum was created with the aim of a broad demonstration of the life and work of the writer, the history of the creation of works, the unlimited contribution of the writer to the development of Uzbek and world literature. A resolution was adopted by the government of the republic on the organization of the house-museum of Aуbek on February 23, 1980. The museum was officially opened on September 9, 1985.
TEACHING STUDENTS TO WORK IN LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION IN THE IMPRESSIONIST WAY
Authors:   Lecturer Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan, NURNAZAROV Khudoyberdi D. , SOLIEV Joramurot O. ,   Lecturer Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the specific methods of teaching students to work with landscape composition in the style of impressionism, the origins of the method of impressionism and the peculiarities of this method, the features of teaching students to work.
SAMPLES OF EMBROIDERY IN THE SAMARKAND STATE MUSEUM
Authors:   Lecturer Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov Samarkand, Uzbekistan, MAKHKAMOVA Gulnora A.
Published: March 2023

This article contains information about the art of embroidery, embroidery samples stored in the Samarkand State Museum, and the scientist Olga Alexandrovna Sukhareva, who collected them. The patterns used in large embroideries, symbols are analyzed
THE THEME OF LIFE IN IMAGES
Authors:   Associate Professor National institute Fine arts and Design after named Kamoliddin Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Mirzakhoshimova N.M.
Published: March 2023

The national ornaments used in the buildings and their modern interpretation, magnificent paintings and sculptures revealing various themes attract attention. In every era man has sought to express his spiritual needs.Renewed socio-political and aesthetic environment, together with the continuation of the art traditions of the past gave rise to new creative ideas, themes and artistic solutions. Reflecting the achievements of our country, preserving its prestige, explaining what qualities of creators and spiritual creators should possess, as well as people of today, became the actual subject of works of art.
EVGENY MELNIKOV
Authors:   National institute Fine arts and Design after named Kamoliddin Behzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Khodjaeva Lola
Published: March 2023

People's Artist of Uzbekistan, master of genre painting, landscape Evgeny Pavlovich Melnikov was born in 1928 in Buzuluk. (Russia). From an early age he dreamed of becoming an artist. Back in 1948, he came to study in Samarkand and was immediately fascinated by the gray-haired monuments of this ancient city, the many-voiced cacophony of the oriental bazaar, the open, hospitable people of this generous land. But most of all I was struck by the sun, three hundred days a year warming everything around with its bright light. The artist dedicates his life and creativity to Uzbekistan! Here the individual features of his talent were fully revealed, it was here that he became a true master.
CREATION OF N. KARAKHAN IN THE SECTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEKISTAN PAINTING OF THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors:   Lecturer National institute of fine art and design named after K.Bekhzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Sharopova Aziza E.
Published: March 2023

The article summarizes a study of the creativity of N.Karakhan in the context of the development of painting of Uzbekistan of the twentieth century. In addition, tendencies in the artist’s work are investigated and the peculiarities of the artist’s painting in the 20-30s, in the 40-50s and in the 60s of the twentieth century are revealed. Moreover, new methodological developments were included to revise the historical and theoretical aspects of the study of painting in Uzbekistan of the 20-30s of the XX century and to reveal the main trends in the development of painting of Uzbekistan of the 20-30s of the XX century.
MAIN TENDENCIES IN DEVELOPMENT OF LANDSCAPE GENRE IN NATIONAL PAINTING
Authors:   Researcher National institute of fine art and design named after K.Bekhzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, KHMEDKHODJAEVA Umida A
Published: March 2023

The content of the article is a review of the artistic trends that emerged during the sharp development of the landscape genre in the second half of the 20th century in the context of historical and social changes.
THE INTERPRETATION OF WOMEN OF THE EAST IN THE PORTRAITS OF SCULPTOR AZAMAT KHATAMOV
Authors:   Doctor philosophy of art history (PhD) National institute of fine art and design named after K.Bekhzod Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Askarova Zilolakhon
Published: March 2023

This article is about the images of eastern women, the theme of mothers and children, and their interpretation in the traditions of modern sculpture in the works of Azamat Khatamov.
ARTISTIC AND EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS OF UZBEK DOCUMENTARIES
Authors:   Lecturer Tashkent university of information technologies named after Al-Khorazmi Tashkent, Uzbekistan, ISMAILOV Kamoliddin , ISMAILOVA Sayyora ,   Independent researcher Institute of Art studies of the Academy of sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2023

This article analyzes the development of modern Uzbek documentary cinema, which, with its artistic and educational quality, has become more in demand lately. The topic is studied on the example of some documentaries created. As a result of the study, some little studied aspects of this type of cinema become clear. The paper considers film-portraits dedicated to historical heroes and modern topics. The tendencies of mastery of the national school and the new generation are being studied. As a result of the collected materials, production, creative and spectator problems are revealed, as well as their causes are clarified, questions are raised, conclusions are drawn.
EMPLOYMENT OF THE SELECTIVE MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHM FOR THE EARLY AND EFFECTIVE DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: Bhardwaj Shreya
Published: March 2023

Heart and blood artery dysfunction is the root cause of cardiovascular disease, which includes coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, rheumatic heart disease, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism. A model for using a machine-learning algorithm to find cardiovascular diseases is presented in this paper. Utilized the agile methodology in this research, planning, requirements analysis, designing, coding, testing, and documentation are all carried out simultaneously throughout the stages of the production process. Using four distinct machine learning algorithms—a Support Vector Classifier, a K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier, a Random Forest Classifier, and a Decision Tree Classifier—the patient dataset is used to train the model in this paper. An algorithm will make the predictions, resulting in the most accurate results. Flask, a web-based implementation of this model, was used to make a prediction, the user must fill in 13 inputs on the web. Flask and the Python programming language are used to implement the model and the machine learning algorithms. We use a K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier algorithm after considering all four machine learning algorithms. The prediction has a good accuracy of 85.83 per cent, which is good for any model.
Employability of the Machine Learning Algorithms in the Early Diagnosis of Various Diseases
Authors: Ahuja Teesha
Published: March 2023

The most difficult task is accurately predicting disease. Environment and lifestyle factors contribute to a wide range of illnesses. As a result, it becomes a crucial task to predict disease earlier. On the other hand, the doctor finds it too difficult to predict symptoms accurately. Predicting the disease is important in using data mining to solve this issue. Medical science experiences significant annual data growth. Early patient care has benefited from accurate medical data analysis because of the growing amount of data in the medical field. Data mining uncovers hidden pattern information in a wide range of medical data by utilizing disease data. Based on the patient's symptoms, we proposed a general disease prediction. We use the machine learning algorithms K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for accurate disease prediction. A dataset of disease symptoms was required for disease prediction. A person's lifestyle and checkup information are considered for an accurate prediction in this general disease prediction. CNN has a higher general disease prediction accuracy of 84.5% than the KNN algorithm. Additionally, KNN's memory and time requirements are higher than CNN's. This system can provide the risk associated with the prevalent disease, which can be either a lower or higher risk of the prevalent disease after general disease prediction.
The Mongols in the book "Akhbar Al-Duwal Wa-Athar AlUwal fi Al-Tarikh'' by Al-Qarmani (D. 1019 AH / 1610 AD
Authors: Hassan Al-Taai Suaad Hadi
Published: March 2023

The news of the Mongols was numerous and the historical narratives varied about their origins, their history, their most prominent rulers and their military campaigns, and their impact on changing the map of the Islamic countries politically, economically, socially, and historically, given that they were new races diverse in their customs, traditions, and religions, as well as the brutality they were characterized by in their invasion of the countries that they controlled, especially at the beginning of their appearance on The scene of events. Therefore, several historians referred to the historical events related to them in all their details, and some of them quoted from those who preceded them and added to the same events, and some of them lived with the Mongols and others did not, and others referred to them briefly and briefly, referring to the most important things mentioned about them and their most important and most prominent rulers. Al-Qarmani is one of them. Among these historians, it is possible to refer to various narrations about the Mongols, quoting from several historians who preceded him and what he heard about them. He referred to their historical origins and information about Genghis Khan, Hulagu, and several Ilkhanate who ruled the Mongol state in Persia, and the most important events that occurred to them.
Developing an Integrated Computer Vision Image Processing Technique to raise an Early Alarm for Fire Detection
Authors: Naqvi Ariz Abbas
Published: March 2023

In Computer Vision and image classification task, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have demonstrated high performance. Their use in fire detection systems will make detection much more accurate, reducing the number of fire disasters and their ecological and social effects. However, implementation in real-world surveillance networks of CNN-based fire detection systems poses the greatest risk due to their high inference memory and computational requirements. An original, energy-efficient, and computationally efficient design is presented in this paper. Squeeze Net-inspired CNN architecture for fire detection, localization, and semantic comprehension of the fire scene. The experimental results show that our proposed solution achieves accuracies comparable to those of other more complex models, primarily due to its increased depth, despite its low computational requirements. Because it doesn't have any dense, fully connected layers and uses smaller convolutional kernels, its computational requirements are reduced. This paper also shows how fire detection efficiency and accuracy can be traded off by taking into account the particulars of the problem at hand and the variety of fire data.
Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide Dipped with AlCl2 as a Humidity Sensors
Authors: Butley R B , Joat R V , Lamdhade G T , Raulkar K B , Chauhan A O
Published: March 2023

Titanium dioxide and AlCl2 was mixed in different stoichiometry in mol wt. % for the study. By using the screen printing technique, the thick films of humidity sensors are prepared. All of the humidity sensor devices are tested and finally concluded that the sample T-1 at constant temperature 400C to 700C exhibited high sensitivity and fast response time to humidity sensing at room temperature. In the case of conductivity, curves are frequently crowded and mixed together. The conductivity of Sample films linearly responds to Relative Humidity. The resistance of thick films decreases by increasing the humidity of sensors at room temperatures due to surface oxygen vacancies of TiO2 acting as electron donors.
DYNAMICS OF THE MAIN INDICATORS OF PERSONNEL PROVISION OF FPS GPS EMERCOM OF RUSSIA EMPLOYEES FOR THE PERIOD OF 2019–2021
Authors: Мазаев Кирилл Александрович , Шестаев Анатолий Алексеевич , Щербатых Лилия Вячеславовна , Ермакова Наталья Александровна
Published: March 2023

В данной статье приведены результаты анализа количества принятых, уволенных и некомплекта сотрудников ФПС ГПС МЧС России, показана динамика количества уволенных, принятых и некомплект сотрудников ФПС ГПС МЧС России в процентных показателях, структура распределения источников комплектования сотрудников, принятых в ФПС ГПС МЧС России, и структура распределения оснований, по которым были уволены сотрудники ФПС ГПС МЧС России.

In this article there are presented the analysis results of the number of accepted, dismissed employees as well as shortage of employees of FPS GPS EMERCOM of Russia. There is shown the dynamics of the number of dismissed and accepted employees, shortage of employees of FPS GPS EMERCOM of Russia in percentage terms, sources distribution of recruitment of employees accepted in FPS GPS EMERCOM of Russia and the structure of the distribution of the grounds for which the employees of FPS GPS EMERCOM of Russia were dismissed.
Interés y texto libre en la licenciatura en inclusión educativa
Authors: Ramos Hernández Luis Ricardo
Published: March 2023

La formación de docentes en Inclusión Educativa contempla el desarrollo de habilidades de  creatividad y expresión; sin embargo, los informes de la academia suelen referir que los estudiantes llegan a la etapa final de la licenciatura en inclusión educativa con carencias en las habilidades de escritura. Para favorecer las habilidades de escritura de los estudiantes, utilizamos la técnica del texto libre de Célestin Freinet ―el texto libre― publicando los escritos en la revista estudiantil “Volando clase”. El resultado nos permitió descubrir avances en la coherancia de la narración y una valoración positiva de la experiencia de creación colectiva,  creatividad  y subrayar la importancia de publicar los textos de los estudiantes, imprimirlos, compartirlos, regalarlos, presumirlos, ponerlos libres en línea. ¿No decimos que es característico de la juventud querer comerse el mundo?
Intégration du Management de l'Environnement dans une filiêre d'ingénieur en génie industriel et logistique au Maroc
Authors: LAMRANI SAFIA , El Oualidi My Ali , El Hassani Ibtissam , El Haji Mounia , Echarrafi Khadija , Zouitina Manale , Benhra Jamal
Published: March 2023

Ce travail décrit une étude de cas réelle d'intégration du Management de l'Environnement dans la formation d'ingénieurs d'Etat en Génie Industriel et Logistique de l'Ecole Nationale supérieure d'électricité et de Mécanique (ENSEM) à  Casablanca au Maroc. L'étude s'est focalisée sur l'aspect particulier de la gestion des déchets au sein de l'établissement universitaire. Le principe adopté est principalement celui des 3R (Réduction ; Réutilisation ; Recyclage). L'approche par projet a été adoptée. En plus de l'aspect technique, l'acquisition, par les élêves ingénieurs, de compétences managériales et de communication a été permise grâce à  cette approche. Une multitude d'outils inspirés des techniques de l'ingénierie industrielle et logistique a été déployées en réponse des problématiques rencontrées sur le terrain.
Aging and Sarcopenia
Authors:   The Korean Society of Sub-health Medicine, Won Chang Won
Published: March 2023

With aging, skeletal muscle mass and its function decrease, and the changes lead to increased risk of falls, fractures, long-term care institutionalization, mortality, and even cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Sarcopenia has been defined as low muscle mass together with low muscle strength and/or low physical performance. In 2019, Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia(AWGS) published a consensus paper about diagnosis and management of sarcopenia. The AWGS 2019 proposed algorithm starting with measuring SARC-F questionnaire or calf circumference (cut-off, <34 cm in men, <33 cm in women) and then measuring handgrip strength (cut-off, <28 kg in men, <18 kg women) or 5-time chair stand test (≥12 sec), and then ‘possible sarcopenia’ can be defined. Low appendicular skeletal muscle mass and either low muscle strength (handgrip strength) or low physical performance (gait speed or 5-time chair stand test) is used to diagnose sarcopenia. For management of sarcopenia, high protein nutrition and resistance exercise are highly recommended, and vitamin D may increase muscle strength, particularly in vitamin D deficiency.
L’allocation citoyenne (Bürgertgeld) pour faire oublier Hartz IV
Authors: Lestrade Brigitte
Published: March 2023

Hartz IV, ce dispositif introduit sous le gouvernement de Gerhard Schröder, SPD, pour réglementer l’assurance chômage pour les chômeurs de longue durée, ayant fait beaucoup de tort à la réputation des sociaux-démocrates en raison de sa dureté, la coalition gouvernementale actuelle conduite par le Chancelier Olaf Scholz, tenait à le modifier en profondeur. Après de longs débats au Parlement, tant au Bundestag qu’au Bundesrat – la droite estimant que le texte allait trop loin, alors que la gauche le trouvait trop timide – la nouvelle loi a été adoptée par la coalition gouvernementale le 14 décembre 2022 et, après son approbation par les deux chambres du Parlement, elle est entrée en vigueur le 1 er  janvier 2023.Elle a été conçue de sorte à faire respecter la dignité du chercheur d’emploi en lui permettant une insertion durable dans le marché de l’emploi, notamment en privilégiant la formation, qui est désormais considérée comme prioritaire par rapport au placement. L’intention du gouvernement n’est pas seulement le combat contre le chômage, mais aussi l’amélioration de la considération due aux chômeurs. Le terme de Bürgergeld au lieu de Hartz IV est de nature à y contribuer.
La mobilisation économique en France : leçons et perspectives
Authors: Mantin Jean-Michel
Published: March 2023

La guerre en Ukraine a relancé le concept d’économie de guerre. Cela signifie de mobiliser de nouvelles ressources et des processus d’acquisition plus performants. Le Service du commissariat des armées (SCA) pourrait jouer un rôle majeur afin de répondre aux besoins à venir en s’appuyant sur ses différentes expertises.
La Suède, nouveau membre de l’Otan
Authors: Wedin Lars
Published: March 2023

La Suède, traditionnellement neutre, a choisi – face à la menace croissante de la Russie – de demander dans l’urgence, simultanément avec la Finlande, à pouvoir adhérer à l’Otan. Cela permettrait d’accroître le niveau de sécurité de la région scandinave au regard des ambitions de Moscou.
Comprendre l’évolution de la recherche sur les données gouvernementales ouvertes : vers la durabilité et l’intelligence des données ouvertes
Authors: Gao Yingying , Janssen Marijn , Zhang Congcong
Published: March 2023

La dernière décennie a été marquée par un développement rapide des pratiques en matière de données gouvernementales ouvertes et de la recherche universitaire dans ce domaine. Cependant, il n’existe pas d’enquête systématique sur les recherches existantes pour comprendre l’évolution des données gouvernementales ouvertes. Ces recherches peuvent faciliter le transfert de connaissances au sein des domaines et entre eux, et favoriser l’apprentissage pour les pays qui en sont aux premières étapes du développement des données gouvernementales ouvertes. Cette étude a extrait de manière quantitative la trajectoire d’évolution des données gouvernementales ouvertes en se basant sur la méthode d’analyse du chemin principal, avant d’analyser les motivations sous-jacentes. Les résultats montrent que la recherche sur les données gouvernementales ouvertes est passée par quatre phases principales et que le mouvement des données gouvernementales ouvertes s’est étendu aux pays en développement et aux villes intelligentes. Les différents défis et problèmes rencontrés par les chercheurs à chaque phase ont fait évoluer la recherche sur les données gouvernementales ouvertes. Enfin, nous discutons des orientations futures de la recherche sur les données gouvernementales ouvertes, sur la base de nos résultats et des développements récents. Il y a une tendance à créer des données gouvernementales ouvertes et intelligentes durables en utilisant l’intelligence artificielle et en créant des marchés de données. Remarques à l’intention des praticiens Les efforts en matière de données gouvernementales ouvertes ont évolué au fil des ans pour devenir un phénomène mondial. Les pays ont appris les uns des autres et de plus en plus d’efforts sont déployés pour innover avec les données publiques ouvertes en stimulant la co-création et en utilisant d’autres incitants. La manière dont les données sont ouvertes doit être axée sur la réalisation d’objectifs tels que l’innovation, la participation, la transparence et l’imputabilité. Il y a une tendance à créer des données gouvernementales ouvertes et intelligentes durables en utilisant l’intelligence artificielle et en créant des marchés de données.
Existence of periodic wave for a perturbed MEW equation
Authors: Wei Minzhi , He Liping
Published: March 2023

A perturbed MEW equation including small backward diffusion, dissipation and nonlinear term is considered by the geometric singular perturbation theory. Based on the monotonicity of the ratio of Abelian integrals, we prove the existence of periodic wave on a manifold for perturbed MEW equation. By Chebyshev system criterion, the uniqueness of the periodic wave is obtained. Furthermore, the monotonicity of the wave speed is proved and the range of the wave speed is obtained. Additionally, the monotonicity of period is given by Picard-Fuchs equation.
Lipid profile, volatile compounds and oxidative stability during the storage of Moroccan Opuntia ficus-indica seed oil
Authors: El harkaoui S. , Gharby S. , Kartah B. , El Monfalouti H. , El-sayed M. E. , Abdin M. , Salama M.A. , Charrouf Z. , Matthäus B.
Published: March 2023

The fatty acids, sterol, tocopherol and volatile compositions of Moroccan cold-pressed cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) seed oil were studied. The most abundant fatty acid, tocopherol and sterol were linoleic acid (60.6%), γ-tocopherol (533 mg/kg) and β-sitosterol (6075 mg/kg), respectively. In this study, 23 volatile compounds were identified with perceivable odor attributes for 14 compounds. The oxidative quality of cactus seed oil was monitored over 4 weeks at 50 °C. Increases in PV, K232 and FFA were detected during the first two weeks as well as a decrease in the induction time; whereas no change was reported for the K270 values. The amount of total phenolic content increased until it reached 0.3 mg/kg and then decreased by the end of the storage period; while tocopherols started to decrease after the first week. The fat-free residue extracts showed a very strong effect to reduce the oxidation of linoleic acid. Consequently, the extracts were significantly more effective to bleach β-carotene in the β-carotene-linoleic acid assay in comparison with the control.
Anti-GARP Antibodies Inhibit Release of TGF-β by Regulatory T Cells via Different Modes of Action, but Do Not Influence Their Function In Vitro
Authors: Igney Frederik H , Ebenhoch Rebecca , Schiele Felix , Nar Herbert
Published: March 2023

Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a critical role in controlling immune responses in diseases such as cancer or autoimmunity. Activated Treg express the membrane protein GARP (LRRC32) in complex with the latent form of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGF-β (L-TGF-β). In this study, we confirmed that active TGF-β was generated from its latent form in an integrin-dependent manner and induced TGF-β receptor signaling in activated human Treg. We studied a series of Abs targeting the L-TGF-β/GARP complex with distinct binding modes. We found that TGF-β receptor signaling could be inhibited by anti–TGF-β and by some, but not all, Abs against the L-TGF-β/GARP complex. Cryogenic electron microscopy structures of three L-TGF-β/GARP complex–targeting Abs revealed their distinct epitopes and allowed us to elucidate how they achieve blockade of TGF-β activation. Three different modes of action were identified, including a novel unusual mechanism of a GARP-binding Ab. However, blockade of GARP or TGF-β by Abs did not influence the suppressive activity of human Treg in vitro. We were also not able to confirm a prominent role of GARP in other functions of human Treg, such as FOXP3 induction and Treg stability. These data show that the GARP/TGF-β axis can be targeted pharmacologically in different ways, but further studies are necessary to understand its complexity and to unleash its therapeutic potential.
Macrophage-myofibroblast Transition in Kidney Disease
Authors: Lan Hui-Yao
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Increasing evidence has shown that immune cell infiltration and activation play a driving role in acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) associated with progressive renal fibrosis. Macrophage-myofibroblast transition (MMT) is a newly identified cellular event involved in this process. It is well-recognized that macrophages are a major immune cell that mediates acute renal inflammation, whereas myofibroblasts are an activated form of extracellular matrix (ECM)-producing fibroblasts responsible for tissue repair (wound-healing) or fibrosis under physiological or pathological conditions. A direct link between macrophages and myofibroblasts during the progression from acute to chronic inflammation is lacking. Recent studies have revealed that macrophages play a driving role in acute to chronic inflammation via MMT. Phenotypically, MMT cells exhibit both immune and fibroblast characteristics by co-expressing monocytes/macrophages (CD68 or F4/80) and smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) markers. Moreover, MMT cells are a rich source of myofibroblasts in many chronic inflammatory diseases involving the kidneys, lungs, heart, retina, and tumor microenvironments. Mechanistically, MMT is regulated by many mediators or signaling pathways, specifically the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/ Smad3 signaling pathway. Research on the mechanisms of MMT and the development of novel therapies targeting MMT for chronic and progressive kidney diseases may present promising opportunities in medicine.
Strongly quasi-local algebras and their $K$-theories
Authors: Bao Hengda , Chen Xiaoman , Zhang Jiawen
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we introduce a notion of strongly quasi-local algebras. They are defined for each discrete metric space with bounded geometry, and sit between the Roe algebra and the quasilocal algebra. We show that strongly quasi-local algebras are coarse invariants, hence encoding coarse geometric information of the underlying spaces. We prove that for a discrete metric space with bounded geometry which admits a coarse embedding into a Hilbert space, the inclusion of the Roe algebra into the strongly quasi-local algebra induces an isomorphism in

K

-theory.
A quantitative relative index theorem and Gromov’s conjectures on positive scalar curvature (with an appendix by Jinmin Wang and Zhizhang Xie)
Authors: Xie Zhizhang
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we prove a quantitative relative index theorem. It provides a conceptual framework for studying some conjectures and open questions of Gromov on positive scalar curvature. More precisely, we prove a

\lambda

-Lipschitz rigidity theorem for (possibly incomplete) Riemannian metrics on spheres with certain types of subsets removed. This

\lambda

-Lipschitz rigidity theorem is asymptotically optimal. As a consequence, we obtain an asymptotically optimal

\lambda

-Lipschitz rigidity theorem for positive scalar curvature metrics on hemispheres. These give positive answers to the corresponding open questions raised by Gromov. As another application, we prove Gromov's cube inequality on the bound of distances between opposite faces of spin manifolds with cube-like boundaries with a suboptimal constant. As immediate consequences, this implies Gromov’s cube inequality on the bound of widths of Riemannian cubes and Gromov’s conjecture on the bound of widths of Riemannian bands with suboptimal constants. Further geometric applications will be discussed in a forthcoming paper.
On the existence of solutions of a Hamiltonian strongly degenerate elliptic system with potentials in $\mathbb{R}^N$
Authors: My Bui Kim
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we prove the existence of nontrivial solutions to the following semilinear strongly degenerate elliptic system:

\begin{cases} -\Delta_\lambda u +V(x) u &= K_1(x)f(v) \quad \text{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N,\\ - \Delta_{\lambda} v +V(x) v &= K_2(x)g(u) \quad \text{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N, \end{cases}

where

N\ge 3

,

V, K_1, K_2\colon \mathbb{R}^N\to \mathbb{R}

are functions to be specified later and

\Delta_{\lambda}

is the strongly degenerate operator. Using variational methods, we obtain nontrivial solutions of the above system. Our main contribution is that we are able to deal with two separable cases: (1) the function

V

is bounded and

K_1, K_2

might be bounded or vanishing at infinity; (2) all the functions

V

and

K_1,K_2

are unbounded at infinity.
Evaluation of an air quality warning system for vulnerable and susceptible individuals in Korea: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Park YouHyun , Koo Jun Hyuk , Jeong Hoyeon , Jung Ji Ye , Kim Changsoo , Kang Dae Ryong
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of an air quality warning system (AQWS) implemented in January 2015 in Korea by analyzing changes in the incidence and exacerbation rates of environmental diseases.METHODS: Data from patients with environmental diseases were extracted from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database from 2010 to 2019, and data on environmental risk factors were acquired from the AirKorea database. Patient and meteorological data were linked based on residential area. An interrupted time series analysis with Poisson segmented regression was used to compare the rates before and after AQWS introduction. Adjustment variables included seasonality, air pollutants (carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter, and ozone), temperature, and humidity.RESULTS: After AQWS implementation, the incidence of asthma gradually decreased by 20.5%. Cardiovascular disease and stroke incidence also significantly decreased (by 34.3 and 43.0%, respectively). However, no immediate or gradual decrease was identified in the exacerbation rate of any environmental disease after AQWS implementation. Sensitivity analyses were performed according to age, disability, and health insurance coverage type. Overall, the AQWS effectively mitigated the occurrence of most environmental diseases in Korea. However, the relationships between alarm system implementation and reduced incidence differed among diseases based on the characteristics of vulnerable and sensitive individuals.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that by tailoring the AQWS to demographic and sociological characteristics and providing enhanced education about the warning system, interventions can become an efficient policy tool to decrease air pollution-related health risks.
Quantifying the effects of anomalies of temperature, precipitation, and surface water storage on diarrhea risk in Taiwan
Authors: Andhikaputra Gerry , Sharma Ayushi , Sapkota Amir , He Hao , Lin Yu-Kai , Deng Li-Wen , Wang Yu-Chun
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES: Diarrheal disease continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. We investigated how anomalies in monthly average temperature, precipitation, and surface water storage (SWS) impacted bacterial, and viral diarrhea morbidity in Taiwan between 2004 and 2015.METHODS: A multivariate analysis using negative binomial generalized estimating equations was employed to quantify age-specific and cause-specific cases of diarrhea associated with anomalies in temperature, precipitation, and SWS.RESULTS: Temperature anomalies were associated with an elevated rate of all-cause infectious diarrhea at a lag of 2 months, with the highest risk observed in the under-5 age group (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.07). Anomalies in SWS were associated with increased viral diarrhea rates, with the highest risk observed in the under-5 age group at a 2-month lag (IRR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.42) and a lesser effect at a 1-month lag (IRR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.31). Furthermore, cause-specific diarrheal diseases were significantly affected by extreme weather events in Taiwan. Both extremely cold and hot conditions were associated with an increased risk of all-cause infectious diarrhea regardless of age, with IRRs ranging from 1.03 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.12) to 1.18 (95% CI, 1.16 to 1.40).CONCLUSIONS: The risk of all-cause infectious diarrhea was significantly associated with average temperature anomalies in the population aged under 5 years. Viral diarrhea was significantly associated with anomalies in SWS. Therefore, we recommend strategic planning and early warning systems as major solutions to improve resilience against climate change.
National trends and projection of chronic kidney disease incidence according to etiology from 1990 to 2030 in Iran: a Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling study
Authors: Shahbazi Fatemeh , Doosti-Irani Amin , Soltanian Alireza , Poorolajal Jalal
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Predicting CKD incidence rates and case numbers at the national and global levels is vital for planning CKD prevention programs.METHODS: Data on CKD incidence rates and case numbers in Iran from 1990 to 2019 were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease online database. The average annual percentage change was computed to determine the temporal trends in CKD age-standardized incidence rates from 1990 to 2019. A Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the CKD incidence rate and case numbers through 2030.RESULTS: Nationally, CKD cases increased from 97,300 in 1990 to 315,500 in 2019. The age-specific CKD incidence rate increased from 168.52 per 100,000 to 382.98 per 100,000 during the same period. Between 2020 and 2030, the number of CKD cases is projected to rise to 423,300. The age-specific CKD incidence rate is projected to increase to 469.04 in 2030 (95% credible interval, 399.20 to 538.87). In all age groups and etiological categories, the CKD incidence rate is forecasted to increase by 2030.CONCLUSIONS: CKD case numbers and incidence rates are anticipated to increase in Iran through 2030. The high level of CKD incidence in people with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis, as well as in older people, suggests a deficiency of attention to these populations in current prevention plans and highlights their importance in future programs for the national control of CKD.
Characterization and classification of rice-growing soils on Imo clay shale residua in Eastern Nigeria and current suitability for rice production: II. Anaku and Igbariam communities.
Authors: Asadu C.L.A. , Umeugokwe C.P. , Eze F. , Asadu C.A. , Onyeme E.
Published: March 2023

The soils on Imo Clay Shale residua were sampled at Anaku and Igbariam in Anambra state, Nigeria to characterize, classify and evaluate their current suitability for rice production following standard scientific procedures. After several auger borings, modal profiles were sited, dug, described, and sampled. The soils generally belong to loamy textural classes or finer, especially in the subsoil layers. The morphological and physical properties of soils showed that the soils were poorly drained, favouring high water retention due to low hydraulic conductivity and slow permeability. All these conditions favour good rice performance. Though the soils contained high levels of exchangeable bases, exchangeable acidity was equally high leading to low base saturation (< 35%). Thus, the soils were classified as Typic Kanhaplaquults (Soil Taxonomy) and correlated to Gleyic Cambisols (World Reference Base for Soil Resources). Due to fertility inadequacies, the current suit- ability unit of the soils for rice production is suitability class 2 with fertility constraints (S2f). This implies that for sustainable rice production supplementary nutrients especially P2O5 from triple superphosphate or rock phosphate need to be applied. Based on the soil chemical results the following recommendations were made for optimum rice production: 100.00-120.00 kg ha‒1 urea, 60.00 kg ha‒1 P2O5 from triple superphosphate and 15.00 kg ha‒1 K2O (muriate of potash).