bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kontrol Diri Anak Asuh di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA) Muhammadiyah Cabang Sumur Bandung Kota Bandung
Authors: Savitry Devy Yuanita , Rahman Ramli , Nurrohmi Nurrohmi
Published: January 2024

Kontrol diri merujuk pada komponen psikologis yang sederhana mencakup kemampuan individu untuk memodifikasi perilaku, mengelola informasi yang tidak diinginkan dengan cara menginterpretasikan, dan memilih tindakan berdasarkan sesuatu yang diyakininya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran terkait kontrol diri anak asuh di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA) Muhammadiyah Cabang Sumur Bandung Kota Bandung yang dapat dilihat dari karakteristik informan, kontrol perilaku informan, kontrol kognitif informan, dan kontrol keputusan informan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Penentuan informan dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu berjumlah enam orang informan yang terdiri dari tiga anak asuh dan tiga pengasuh LKSA. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Pengujian keabsahan data dilakukan dengan empat pengujian, yaitu credibility (validitas internal), dependability (kebergantungan), transferability (keteralihan) dan confirmability (kepastian). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, serta verifikasi dan penarikan hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu data karakteristik keenam informan dan diketahui bahwa anak asuh di LKSA Muhammadiyah Sumur Bandung belum dapat melakukan kontrol diri. Kontrol perilaku terdiri dari dua komponen yaitu kemampuan mengatur pelaksanaan dan kemampuan memodifikasi stimulus sedangkan komponen kontrol kognitif terdiri dari kemampuan memperoleh informasi dan kemampuan melakukan penilaian. Kontrol keputusan terdiri dari dua komponen yaitu keyakinan akan keputusan yang diambil dan kesiapan untuk menerima konsekuensi. Permasalahan yang ditemukan yaitu anak asuh di LKSA Muhammadiyah Cabang Sumur Bandung Kota Bandung belum mampu mengendalikan keadaan, tertutup dalam memperoleh informasi, belum mampu melakukan penilaian, dan belum siap mengambil keputusan. Dalam upaya pemecahan masalah tersebut peneliti mengusulkan sebuah program, yaitu “Konseling Kelompok dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Kontrol Diri Anak Asuh di LKSA Muhammadiyah Cabang Sumur Bandung Kota Bandung”.
HARDINESS PEREMPUAN PURNA PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA DI KECAMATAN KARANGTENGAH DI KABUPATEN CIANJUR
Authors: Susila Nandang , Pribowo Pribowo
Published: January 2024

Fenomena Pekerja migran, termasuk Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI) sering menghadapi berbagai macam permasalahan psikologis seperti depresi, kecemasan, hingga perilaku bunuh diri. Salah satu isu permasalahannya adalah  mendapatkan perilaku labeling atau pemberian stigma terhadap mantan pekerja migran wanita sebagai ‘babu’ atau pembantu yang umumnya memiliki konotasi negatif. Ketahanan diri dalam menghadapi stress (hardiness) sangat dibutuhkan untuk membuat keputusan yang berat berhadapan dengan pilihan-pilihan yang sulit untuk kembali ke kehidupan di pedesaan. Hardiness yang tinggi menunjukan tingkat frustasi yang rendah sehingga meminimalisir dampak yang ditimbulkan dari reaksi psikologis yang terjadi dalam diri mantan pekerja migran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran secara empiris tentang Hardiness Perempuan Purna Pekerja Migran Indonesia Kecamatan Karangtengah Kabupaten Cianjur, dengan melihat aspek Kontrol, Komitem dan Tantangan serta harapan   yang dimiliki reesponden dalam mengahadapi permasalahannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan survai dengan sesnsus kepada 49  orang eks PMI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat hardiness eks pekerja migran di Kabupten Cianjur rendah.
“Hagiological Patronage” – a Theological Reflection on the Traces of Memory of Blessed Dorothy of Mątowy (in Poland)
Authors: Parzych-Blakiewicz Katarzyna
Published: January 2024

The article presents the issue of holiness shown in the patronage of a medieval mystic and recluse living in Prussia (today's northern Poland). The study is included in the current reflection on the teaching of Francis on the universal call to holiness. The aim of the undertaken research is to define the relevance of the model of holiness presented by Blessed Dorota of Mątowy (1347-1394). The arguments are based on two sets of information: a map of Dorota's Polish places of worship and a work describing her life by Jan of Kwidzyn. Most signs of the cult of the recluse can be found in the following towns: Mątowy Wielkie, Kwidzyn, Elbląg, Gdańsk, Dorotowo, Koszalin. There are churches dedicated to Bl. Dorothy, and her images. In the liturgical calendar, the mystic is mentioned in the Archdiocese of Warmia and Gdańsk as well as in the Diocese of Elbląg and Koszalin-Kołobrzeg. The fame of her holiness developed immediately after her death. The beatification process was initiated several times and the cult was approved in 1976. The charism of Dorota is characterized by the love of God, penance, pilgrimage and steadfastness in faith. Spirituality developed according to this model and is close to the needs of Catholics living in dioceses where she is remembered. It is legitimate for these local churches to promote the Dorothean model of piety as appropriate to correlate the spiritual needs of contemporary Christians with the universal call to holiness.
Terminologia antropologiczna: basar i ruah w księgach Biblii hebrajskiej pomijających termin nepes
Authors: Korzec Cezary
Published: January 2024

Artykuł analizuje grupę tekstów Starego Testamentu (roz. 2 i 3), które pochodzą z ksiąg (Ezd, Ne, Dn, Jl, Ab, Na, Sof i Ml), w których nie odnotowano obecności terminu nepeš, a są w nich obecne dwa inne kluczowe dla antropologii biblijnej, szukającej odpowiedzi na pytanie kim jest człowiek (pominięto terminy, które odnoszą się do sposobu życia człowieka, jego sfery uczuć itp.), terminy: rûªH i bäSär . Ze względu na wieloznaczność terminologii (roz. 1) pierwszym celem analizy jest ustalenie znaczenia terminów w wyselekcjonowanych tekstach i w przypadku ich antropologicznej konotacji przybliżenie zakresu znaczeniowego. Celem analiz jest przeprowadzenie sondażu sytuacji antropologicznej wspomnianych ksiąg.

Artykuł w znacznym stopniu potwierdza przynależność terminologii antropologicznej w wybranych do analizy tekstach do głównego nurtu antropologicznego. Wskazuje, jak w przypadku Ml, także na możliwość istnienia nowych oryginalnych antropologicznych inspiracji, które w przypadku Ml dotyczą jedności małżeństwa.
Gods, Religion and Its Criticism in the Greek Aesopic Fables
Authors: Wojciechowski Michał
Published: January 2024

About a hundred Greek fables from the Aesopic tradition contain direct or allegorical references to religion. These references were not sufficiently studied. As a whole, they represent an anonymous, popular approach to religion from the Hellenistic period, with some sources in the earlier times. They have some importance for the history of Greek religion. These fables may be divided into two groups. The first group presents gods and mythology, with the dominant role of Zeus, near to henotheism; other gods are not really important. However, Prometheus is sometimes presented as the maker. The second group contains criticisms of religion, idolatry and misguided prayer (with Hermes as the butt of jokes).
Działalność misyjna świętych Cyryla i Metodego – inspiracje dla współczesnej formacji alumnów roku propedeutycznego
Authors: Czerwiński Radosław
Published: January 2024

W artykule na przykładzie działalności świętych Cyryla i Metodego, a także w świetle wyzwań współczesnego świata i zasad formacyjnych zawartych w dokumencie Konferencji Episkopatu Polski Ratio Fundamentalis z 2016 r. wskazano, jaki jest ich wpływ na formację alumnów roku propedeutycznego. Zadania formatorów należy postrzegać w kontekście pełnionej funkcji wychowawczej. Misją seminarium jest uformowanie dobrych pasterzy, którzy na wzór patronów Europy będą do końca życia wierni powołaniu, służbie i pełnionej misji. Osoby odpowiedzialne za formację seminaryjną wraz z alumnami budują wspólnotę, która opiera się na zaufaniu. Temu zadaniu pomaga wzajemne towarzyszenie, które powinno opierać się na formacji ludzkiej i duchowej. Cyryl i Metody mogą być ważnym punktem odniesienia dla procesu przygotowania współczesnych kapłanów oraz funkcjonowania seminarium. Widać to zarówno w ich doświadczaniu życia „w świecie”, życia wiary w formie monastycznej, a także w formach praktykowania wiary oraz w ewangelizacji.
Communications Revolution: from Civilizational Phenomenon to Science Communication Perspectives
Authors: Kolesnichenko Sergii
Published: January 2024

In the study, it was possible to carry out an overview of modern theories of communications revolutions and demonstrate their importance in transforming the foundations of the development of the corresponding social architecture, social institutions, including science, etc. In this analysis, we used the methodological approaches of the philosophy of history, communicative philosophy, social and political philosophy, and the philosophy of science. At the same time, the revolutionary scale of changes and the depth of their impact on society lead to the fact that humanity is forced to abandon the naive-romantic attitude to science (to rationalism as such), which was characteristic of the world at the beginning of the 20th  century when it seemed that science was able to overcome all troubles and mistakes of both the physical and social world. That is why the current task of philosophy remains the study of the phenomenon of modern science as a communicative phenomenon of the dynamic 21st century. Industry 4.0 is a heuristic methodological framework for understanding the perspectives of civilizational shifts and re-configuration of communicative processes in science communication, taking into account the approaches of technical and public deliberation. We tended to demonstrate the profound polemical nature of the understanding of the revolutionary nature of social changes and the presence of a wide range of typologies of revolutions (scientific, industrial, communications ones).
Linguistic Pluralism and the Shaping of Identity: A Philosophical Examination of Language Policy in Ukrainian Higher Education
Authors: Zaichko Vladyslava
Published: January 2024

This comprehensive study explores the multifaceted nature of language policy in Ukrainian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) against the backdrop of increasing globalization and a rising influx of international students. Employing a multi-level methodological approach, the paper analyzes the current state of language policy, emphasizing its role in academic performance, cultural identity, and international competitiveness. The study also investigates the impact of technology on the implementation of these policies, highlighting the potential for digital platforms to amplify or impede educational objectives. Data was collected from a diverse range of institutions and indicates significant room for improvement in existing policies. Recommendations are offered at multiple levels, focusing on enhancing the effectiveness, inclusivity, and cultural sensitivity of language policies. The findings underscore the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach to crafting a language policy that is both academically rigorous and culturally inclusive.
Analisis Tindak Tutur Pada Roman Panggil Aku Sakai Karya Ediruslan Pe Amanriza
Authors: Elysa Elvania , Evizariza Evizariza , Iik Idayanti
Published: January 2024

Currently, language has become a benchmark for conducting effective and perfect communication activities. This is due to the ease of using language to communicate and interact with others. In our daily lives, we also require various forms of language, such as spoken language, written language, and speech acts. However, language, especially in the form of speech acts, does not only occur in everyday life but can also be found in various written works, including literary works such as short stories, novels, and romances. It cannot be denied that inspiration from literary works, particularly romances, reflects aspects of everyday life and naturally employs language and speech acts within them. One of these romances is "Panggil Aku Sakai" by Ediruslan Pe Amanriza. This romance serves as the subject of the author's research, which employs a qualitative approach and a descriptive method. The research also emphasizes the study of speech acts, where several types of speech acts, such as representative, directive, expressive, and commissive, can be identified.
Manners of maintaining the cultural identity of the Greeks, Aromanians, Lipovans and Dobrogean Tatars and their effects in musical practice
Authors: Kozlovsky Mirela
Published: January 2024

This study presents the mutual conditioning between the social dynamics and the traditions of the ethnic communities of Dobrogea, as well as the ways of maintaining the cultural identity of the Greeks, Aromanians, Lipovans, and Tatars in the full era of globalization. For a clearer understanding, we will highlight how the evolution of Romanian society deeply and irreversibly affected the musical and choreographic repertoire of the four ethnic groups. Our perception of collective human identity is also shaped by the way traditional music is perceived, knowing that it has a very strong connection with ethnicity and origin, and that is why traditional musical creation constitutes a true identity brand.
The effectiveness of David procedure for aneurysm of the root and ascending part of the aorta
Authors: Zelenchuk O.V. , Todurov B.M. , Stetsiuk I.O. , Demyanchuk V.B. , Loskutov D.O. , Yashchenko N.O. , Ponych N.V.
Published: January 2024

The aim – comparison of the results of David and Bentall operations in patients with aneurysms of the root and ascending aorta. Materials and methods. The one-centre study included 85 patients who underwent planned and urgent surgical treatment from 2019 to 2022. The patients were divided into two groups depending on the type of surgical intervention: the Bentall procedure was performed in the I group, while the David procedure was performed in the II group. Results. The study did not determine statistically significant differences in such indicators as the duration of artificial blood circulation and the time of aortic clamping. No significant differences were found in the duration of artificial lung ventilation and stay in the intensive care unit. However, the total length of hospital stay in the group of patients with David procedure was statistically lower and was 17.3 (8–35) days, while in the group with Bentall operation it was 23.7 (10–40) days (p = 0.01). The results of our analysis show that the early postoperative clinical results of the David and Bentall procedures are good and there are no significant differences. During David procedure, a statistically significant positive result of surgical treatment was revealed by such an indicator as the degree of insufficiency on the aortic valve (before and after the operation, 2.7 ± 1.3 and 0.8 ± 0.6, respectively, p < 0.05). In addition to the above indicator, significant results were found in the indicators: left ventricular end-diastolic size and left ventricular end-diastolic volume. Conclusions. The good immediate results of Bentall and David operations suggest that surgical repair of ascending and aortic root aneurysms using these operations can be equally safe when performed according to absolute anatomical indications and by an experienced surgical team. If both operations might be used in a particular patient, the valve-sparing operation should be preferred, given the lower risk of postoperative complications associated with the presence of a mechanical or biological prosthesis (such as thromboembolism, bleeding associated with anticoagulants, and structural deterioration of the bioprosthesis).
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute myocardial infarction complicated with acute heart failure
Authors: Todurov B.M. , Todurov M.B. , Stetsiuk L.R. , Stetsiuk I.O. , Zelenchuk O.V.
Published: January 2024

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is used in acute heart failure that is resistant to drug therapy and intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation. Colleagues from America practice the use of ECMO with a cardiac index above 2.0 l/min. In our case, the application of ECMO at a cardiac index of 1.3 l/min with the discharge of the patient from the hospital with a satisfactory result of treatment is described. This article represent a clinical case of ECMO application in refractory acute heart failure and a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of complicated myocardial infarction.
Provenance Lost and Found: Alfred Bourguignon
Authors: Voukelatos John
Published: January 2024

On the 22nd October 2017 the Swiss numismatic firm Nomos offered at auction a silver didrachm minted by the Campanian city of Nola. Unbeknownst to the auction house this coin was once in the collection of Alfred Bourguignon. Although little is known about this 19th century collector, he is recorded by the Almanach de Gotha as being the deputy of the Netherlands Consulate in Naples. He was also a partner in the prominent 19th century Neapolitan bank, Banca Meuricoffre, founded by Achilles Meuricoffre and continued by his two sons Oscar and Tell; he was also their distant cousin. The Meuricoffre (German Moerikhofer) were wealthy Swiss bankers who immigrated to Naples in 1760 to facilitate trade with the Kingdom for the fine silk of Calabria. To repay large financial debts Alfred Bourguignon had accrued from casino and horse gambling, he repeatedly embezzled the bank bringing it to bankruptcy. Although Alfred Bourguignon died in September 1903, Banca Meuricoffre continued trading until 1905 by which time it was insolvent and went into liquidation. The financial damage brought to the Meuricoffre family was significant, having to sell warehouses, agricultural land, the apartment of Palazzo Caprioli, and the Casa Grande of Capodimonte, and an estate in Ischia. The financial activities of the bank were subsequently transferred to Credito Italiano, which opened in Naples in July 1905.
Sotto l’egida di Minerva: echi monetali delle imprese britanniche da Cesare ai Severi
Authors: Pedroni Luigi
Published: January 2024

Su alcune monete di Claudio è stato riconosciuto il più antico riferimento esplicito alla Britannia in ambito numismatico. Esse furono emesse per celebrare il trionfo dell’imperatore sulle bellicose tribù dei Britanni e la conseguente creazione della provincia, ad un saeculum dall’impresa di Cesare che aveva attraversato la Manica nel 55 e nel 54 a.C.
The Kilwa Coins of Sultan al-Ḥasan ibn Sulaymān in their Historical Context
Authors: Smith N. J. C.
Published: January 2024

The history of sub-Saharan Africa is one which is not well known before the coming of the European age of exploration. This is primarily due to a lack of written sources, as many African societies preserved their histories as oral stories and traditions, rather than through writing. While this would have the benefit of kings being able to control information (via their court historians), it has left us with a lack of reliable source material. The oral stories can be used, but only with extreme caution (think of them as a generations-long telephone game, and one can understand how oral tales can be problematic). However, some of East Africa’s oral traditions, which were recorded in the 16th century, have been confirmed by numismatics.
An Introductory Note from the General Editor, with Recourse to Plato and Eukleidas
Authors: Molinari Dr Nicholas J.
Published: January 2024

When Plato wrote the final prayer in the Phaedrus quoted on the previous page, he had recently returned from a tumultuous stay in Sicily. He went there to convince Dionysius I (the Elder) to reject his lifestyle of debauchery and turn to the philosophical life, essentially to become the first philosopher king. Dionysius did not heed Plato’s advice, and neither did his son, Dionysius the Younger. In fact, there were times during Plato’s several trips to the island that the philosopher was risking his own life to promote his idea of the just society. Plato’s name was slandered, and members of the court tried to convince Dionysius that Plato was there to help overthrow the tyrant. At one point, Plato actually had to leave Syracuse and lodge with mercenaries, some of the most ruthless characters known in antiquity. Despite the mishaps, Plato’s stay was not all bad, and evidently quite inspiring: For those of you unfamiliar with the Phaedrus, it is a dialogue that concerns Beauty in relation to the soul, and the role of love and wonder in the process of self-appropriation and acquisition of knowledge of ultimate reality, which for Plato go hand-in-hand. Throughout its pages, we are told a story of how Beauty is the only transcendental form we can glimpse here on earth, and it is through beatific vision that we are led, following Zeus and a procession of gods, to an even greater vision of the ‘colorless, formless, and truly intangible οὐσια ὄντως οὖσα.’ (247c) I find it interesting that, if we look at the numismatic context of Sicily when Plato visited, in the first quarter of the fourth century BC, we find that he was exposed to arguably the greatest numismatic masterpieces ever struck, ancient or modern. Is it any surprise, after viewing the work of artists like Kimon, Eukleidas, and Eumenes, featuring spectacular levels of craftsmanship, that Plato composed a dialogue concerning the very nature of Beauty in its relation to what he saw as the fundamental principle of human existence?
Numismatic evidence (or not) for the aphippodroma horse race at Larisa
Authors: Mack Rosanagh
Published: January 2024

The horse featured prominently on the coinage of the Thessalian city of Larisa, a reflection of its role in daily life, legend, and as an economic product. Among an issue of drachmas with the profile head of the nymph Larisa on the obverse, is a particularly unusual reverse type which depicts a horseman standing behind, and restraining a horse. This issue was short-lived, dated to c. 404 BC, and the type reappears again c. 370s-360s, with the facing head of Larisa on the obverse. This reverse type has generally been seen as a horseman about to mount, but it is also often cited as evidence for the race known as the aphippodroma, during which the horseman is presumed to have dismounted and remounted his galloping horse. Gallis sees this type as the representation of this race, commenting that ‘its importance as a Thessalian tradition and also as an event with great appeal to the public can be seen in the fact that it was represented on Larisaean coins of the fourth century BC.’ In his definition of the aphippodroma, Golden explains that this was the ‘dismounting horse race’ in which the rider dismounted and mounted in the course of the race, and that it is depicted on the coins of Larisa in Thessaly.
The ‘Sirmium Group’ – an overview
Authors: Faltin Dirk
Published: January 2024

In recent years, a significant number of small silver coins from south-eastern Europe have come to light. These coins were minted in 6th century Sirmium (today’s Sremska Mitrovica in Serbia) and they come in two denominations, which we refer to as quarter- and half-siliquae. The intended weights seemed to have been about 0.9 grams for the quarter-siliquae and about 1.8 grams for the half-siliquae.
The Unconquerable Sun: An introduction to Koinon III and brief note concerning the solace of numismatics
Authors: Molinari Dr Nicholas J.
Published: January 2024

If this year can be described in one word, it would be upheaval— for the first time in my life, it is more difficult than ever to imagine what the world might look like by the time our next volume sees print in late 2021, and I’d imagine folks living under the reign of Caracalla felt even greater uncertainty. He was, by all accounts, a vicious tyrant and downright terrible human being. As Dio Cassius describes him: ‹He never loved anyone, but he hated all who excelled in anything, most of all those whom he pretended to love most› (Roman History 11.6). He was said to have an unquenchable thirst for blood, be it animals or even humans, and allegedly killed innumerable people, including his fatherly tutor, Clio, and his own brother, Geta. After Geta’s assassination, as all students of Roman coinage surely know, Caracalla issued a damnatio memoriae, thereby removing all vestiges of the sibling throughout the empire—though he couldn’t get to all the coins. His message on the above aureus seems fairly simple, namely, that the emperor was as unconquerable as the sun, and this message would have undoubtedly struck fear into as many people as it gave hope (if there were any in the latter camp at this stage in his reign). And yet, despite how horrible things were during Caracalla’s reign, the sun did rise again; it was Caracalla who did not.
Susa mint: 311-301 BC
Authors: Taylor Lloyd W. H.
Published: January 2024

This paper is the final component in a trilogy that documents a die study of the large denomination coinage issued from the Susa mint prior to 300 BC. It examines the Alexandrine coinage of Seleukos struck in the period 311/0-304/3BC, prior to the introduction of coinage bearing his own name. Three groups (Groups 5-7) are recognized in this coinage. Groups 5 and 6, bear a laurel wreath symbol, which in the case of Group 6 is accompanied by a range of other symbols. These two groups were struck simultaneously during the Babylonian War in the period c. 311/0-309/8 BC. Group 7 post-dates the Babylonian War. It is characterised by the presence of the anchor symbol, which displaced the laurel wreath as the primary symbol on the coinage. On the last reverse dies of Group 7 this anchor symbol was erased, a phenomenon previously identified on coinage from the mints of Babylon II and Uncertain Mint 6A (Opis), dated to c. 305/4-304/3 BC. This was a synchronous event across Seleukos’s mints operating in Babylonia and Susiana, one that provides a firm chronological peg for the last of the Susa issues (Group 7) in the name of Alexander, an updating of a decade relative to that proposed in Seleucid Coins.
The Kerykeion mint control linked coinage of Andragoras and Sophytes
Authors: Taylor Lloyd W. H.
Published: January 2024

Since the preparation of a study published in 2019 on the typology and significance of the eastern imitative Athenian coinage previously attributed to Baktria, and the associated mint control linked issues of Andragoras and Sophytes, a large hoard of these coins progressively entered the numismatic market over three years from late 2017. This has more than doubled the number of examples of the coinage previously known and yielded a number of new mint control types. These extend the typology established in the study and confirm the interpreted relative chronology of the eight series of emissions that comprise the coinage. This essay details two of the newly identified types bearing the kerykeion mint control and their significance within the established typological framework.
Αχελομορφωθ: magistrates of Akarnania. A Reconsideration of the iconographic fluctuations on Akarnanian federal coinage
Authors: Molinari Dr Nicholas J.
Published: January 2024

There is an interesting iconographic phenomenon that scholars witness on the 3rd to 2nd century BC coinage of the Akarnanian Federation: ‘Acheloios’ appears either with or without a beard, and this change is unprecedented in the vast body of coinage featuring him throughout the Greek world, where he is always bearded. What accounts for this bold change? Is the beardless version some way of recognizing a specific dimension to river god worship, the beardless (youthful?) Acheloios somehow connected with koureion rituals, or something of that sort? A similar explanation was suggested in the Sicilian context to explain the difference between bearded man-faced bulls and horned, beardless male heads. Or, perhaps the variation reflects the different physical states of the river at different times, as I tentatively suggested in POTAMIKON concerning some rare bronze issues from nearby Ambrakia (which copy the types under discussion), again following the rationale others have used to explain the aforementioned differentiation in river god iconography elsewhere. In this case, the beardless Acheloios might be indicative of the river when it is calm, at its origin, whereas the bearded Acheloios represents the river downstream in all its silver-eddying glory. Or, perhaps the differentiation simply reflects a change in taste over the years, with more artists preferring the beardless version in the second half of the 3rd century and beyond.
The ant-nose coinage of ancient China
Authors: Walker Thomas
Published: January 2024

The ant-nose coinage of ancient China has stumped Chinese numismatists since their discovery nearly 1000 years ago. Though aided by finds being recorded since the late 18th Century, much remains unknown about the origins of these coins and their inscriptions. This paper explores historical and archaeological evidence to determine who created them, when they were created, what inspired their creation, and how they were used in the ancient Chinese economy. In addition, theories regarding the meanings of each of the nine known inscriptions are discussed and evaluated using etymological evidence.
Sharing the Luck: An Introduction to KOINON IV with Recourse to Hermes
Authors: Molinari Nicholas J.
Published: January 2024

Hermes might be the most dynamic of all the Greek deities—a marginal figure in the truest sense, he is both a trickster and thief, yet also a source for ingenuity and insight. He is associated with peace, eroticism, relationships, hermeneutics (of course), and even comedy, to name just a few of his many attributes. At home in both Olympus and Hades, or among men or women, he is as pervasive in Greek culture as he is mysterious and difficult to pin down.
Sophytes’ Helmet: Origin, Symbolism, and Apotheosis
Authors: Taylor Lloyd W. H.
Published: January 2024

This study examines the development of the depiction of the helmet worn by the male head on the coinage of Sophytes and its implications for alternative theories of attribution of the coinage. This was an Attic military helmet of the 3rd century BC. It is presented in a numismatic depiction that evolved from the preceding portrayal of Athena’s helmet on the Series 2 imitative Athenian coinage struck under Andragoras of Parthia. Calibration of the changes in coin fabric and the details of the helmet depicted on the Series 2 coinage to identical developments in the Athenian coinage of the 3rd century BC serve to date its emission to the middle of the 3rd century BC. Detailed analysis reveals that the obverse iconography of the Sophytes’ coinage developed independently of the superficially similar obverse iconography of the victory issues of Seleukos I struck at Susa. Consequently, there is no basis for the frequently inferred chronological nexus between the two coinages. Furthermore, art history considerations suggest that Sophytes, via the ornamentation of his helmet, sought to assimilate his image with that of Ares, in a claim to divinity that can only have emerged in the mid-third century BC when Greek religious and cultural norms had evolved to accept the apotheosis of leaders. An examination of the imagery of the gold stater emission struck by Sophytes predecessor, Andragoras, identifies the precedent for Sophytes claim to divinity in a symbolic numismatic narrative that reflects the rising existential threat to the secessionist march state of Parthia posed by the invading Parni, led by Arsaces.
Respect for Seleukid Suzerainty: The Imitative Victory Coinage of the Sistan Ariaspi
Authors: Taylor Lloyd W. H.
Published: January 2024

The victory coinage bearing the name Antiochos (SC 226-228), currently attributed to the province of Drangiana during the co-regency of Seleukos and Antiochos, exhibits a progressive deterioration of iconography and epigraphy over the duration of its emission. It has the characteristics of an imitative coinage, struck over a prolonged period, rather than the 14 years of the co-regency. Die study reveals stages of iconographic deterioration, enabling the coinage to be categorized into three groups, each with its own progressively degraded iconography and epigraphy. During its emission a local artistic tradition, possibly reflecting a longstanding Indian influence appears in the iconography of the obverse, and what appears to be an early Brahmi script eventually displaces Greek on the reverse. This is interpreted to reflect contemporary Mauryan cultural and linguistic influences, the result of interaction with adjacent Arachosia. Plausibly, the coinage was struck intermittently in the period c. 281-175 BC by the Ariaspi, the semi-autonomous people of the Sistan depression in Drangiana, who acknowledged Seleukid suzerainty in the choice of coin type and legend.
The Alexander Decadrachms of Babylon
Authors: Taylor Lloyd W. H.
Published: January 2024

This essay examines the impact of recent examples in commerce on our understanding of the Babylonian decadrachms bearing the image of the head Herakles (obverse) and Zeus enthroned (reverse) struck under Alexander the Great in 325-324 BC. The Babylonian decadrachms of Alexander the Great were first documented in the nineteenth century with two examples from a hoard in commerce; the Babylon 1849 Hoard (IGCH 1749).
An Unpublished ‘Medallion’ of Elagabalus from Edessa in Osrhoene: Nergal and Syro-Mesopotamian Religious Continuity?
Authors: Dandrow Edward
Published: January 2024

Following Elagabalus’ victory over Macrinus in June 218, the city of Edessa in Osrhoene issued a number of coins that celebrated and commemorated the ascension of the new emperor. On these early issues are symbols commonly found in the Greco-Roman iconographic lexicon (e.g., Nike, palm branch, and cornucopia).
Reintroducing Acheloios Hermotos of Parion
Authors: Molinari Nicholas J.
Published: January 2024

Usually when I receive an email about a ‘new’ Acheloios it turns out to be a false positive—somehow over the years an encrustation, overstrike, or other phenomenon has reconfigured the coin so that the creature looks just like a man-faced bull.  This happened many times when Dr. Sisci and I were writing ΠΟΤΑΜΙΚΟΝ, in which case we had examples from such places as Pantikapaion, Euboia, and even Knossos, a coin that almost forced a rewrite of the entire narrative.  But for every dozen or so false-positives we find the real deal: the silver-eddying Acheloios, and there is nothing quite like being the first to see him after so many years in hiding.  This essay documents one such occurrence, a seemingly bona fide Acheloios discovered by a man named John Miracle, and reintroduces a deity that has not been worshipped in cult for over two millennia: Acheloios Hermotos, of Parion.
A Succession of Coinages in the Balkans: Imitation Roman Republican Denarii Overstruck on Drachms of Apollonia and Dyrrhachium
Authors: Macdonald David
Published: January 2024

Dyrrhachium and Apollonia issued extensive series of drachms at a weight of about 3.30-3.40 g, and a diameter of 16-18 mm, from the third century BC until well into the first century BC. These drachms depict on the obverse a cow and calf along with a magistrate’s name in the nominative case and on the reverse a double stellate pattern, abbreviated city ethnic, and a second magistrate’s name in the genitive case. The date of the first issues of the Dyrrhachium and Apollonia drachms remains a matter of debate. It was long assumed that Dyrrhachium issues began in 229 BC when Rome effectively established domination over the region. Now some maintain a date as early as 270 BC for the first cow and calf drachms struck by Dyrrhachium while others argue for a much later date at or around 208 BC. It is generally acknowledged that Dyrrhachium began to strike drachms several decades earlier than Apollonia. The date of the end of the coinage is also a matter of debate, estimates varying from circa 60/55 BC to 30 BC. The most likely date is 48/7 BC during the Roman civil war. Julius Caesar occupied Apollonia, and subsequently he and Augustus favored the city. Pompey used Dyrrhachium as his base, and the city never after issued coins.
An Unrecognized Countermark of the Knights of Malta
Authors: Macdonald David
Published: January 2024

In 1609, Alof de Wignacourt, Grand Master of the Supremus Militaris Ordo Hospitalarius Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani Rhodiensis et Melitensis (Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta), generally referred to as the Knights of Malta, reported to the Council of the Order that many counterfeit German and Hungarian thalers that been seized from Turkish ships were circulating in Malta. Moreover, some bore a false countermark of a fleur de lis, the personal emblem of the Grand Master. The Council ordered that the coins in question be assayed, counterfeits destroyed, and efforts made to discover who was responsible for applying the false countermark on the counterfeit coins. There are two varieties of the fleur de lis countermark, a simple incuse and a more complex relief. The simple incuse would have been easy to counterfeit, the relief version less so. All legitimate Maltese countermarks are accompanied by a small cut near the edge of the coin.
What about validity? Thoughts on the state of research on written corrective feedback
Authors: Truscott John
Published: January 2024

Validity is the most important factor in good research, and it cannot be taken for granted. As the term is used here, validity is determined by (a) whether the research actually addresses the question that it is intended to address; and (b) whether the inferences drawn from it, by its authors and by subsequent reviewers, are legitimate. Validity thus depends on the goals of the research. While a variety of meaningful goals can be identified, the primary goal of WCF research is to determine if WCF is an effective way to improve learners’ ability to write accurately and should therefore be used in language instruction. Judging validity in terms of this goal, it is argued here that problems are pervasive. Goals are confused, a variety of fundamental issues in design and analysis make a study unable to address the primary question, and far too much emphasis is placed on one very narrow feature, commonly studied in ways which themselves lack validity. These problems are reflected in the meta-analyses done on this topic; as a result, this work is not presenting us with a valid picture of the effects of WCF. Altogether, this research area has major validity problems; dealing with these problems should be the top priority for researchers.
Using teacher-supported peer feedback to develop student feedback literacy in L2 writing: An instructional model
Authors: Ma Maggie
Published: January 2024

To realize the potential of feedback, students need to possess feedback literacy. Frequently implemented in writing classrooms, peer feedback activities carry unique potential for developing student feedback literacy. This paper proposes an instructional model of teacher-supported peer feedback in relation to the enhancement of student feedback literacy from a self-regulatory perspective. The paper conceptualizes student feedback literacy as learners’ capabilities to carry out core activities in feedback processes, including seeking, generating, processing, and using feedback during self-regulation. It outlines pertinent teacher support before, during, and after peer feedback activities to facilitate student writers’ seeking, generating, processing, and using of feedback during their behavioral self-regulation of writing encompassing self-observation, self-judgement, and self-reaction. The instructional model highlights teacher support to foster an active learner role in feedback processes by giving students opportunities to conduct several rounds of feedback calibration by themselves before seeking teacher feedback. Future studies may investigate the implementation and effectiveness of the instructional model.
Audio versus written feedback: Multilingual students’ perspective in a U.S. composition class
Authors: Roy Sukanto , Vetter Matthew A.
Published: January 2024

This article aims to fill the existing gap in the research which indicates that few researchers have examined multilingual writers’ preference between audio and written feedback, and the impact of feedback format on their revision process in a U.S. composition class. To explore these, eight multilingual writers were interviewed, and their first drafts and revised drafts of the final research paper on which they received both audio and written feedback were compared using the “Compare” option in Microsoft Word. In addition to these, an early semester participatory survey and a reflection survey were conducted among the multilingual writers of a composition course. Results indicated that those who were confident about their English listening proficiency preferred audio feedback over written feedback. Results also indicated that multilingual writers expected directive explicit feedback from their instructors. Their perceptions regarding the effectiveness of audio and written feedback on their revision process varied depending on their own self-efficacy. Finally, the author recommends further investigating the potential of audio feedback in creating student-teacher connections, particularly in online composition courses.
Estimating Cost Efficiency Function and Market Power Indicators of Commercial Banks: An Empirical Study of Iraq
Authors: Faraj Bha Aldan Abdulsattar , Övenç Gökhan
Published: January 2024

Even though the commercial banks in Iraq faced various issues, especially after the banking sector in Iraq gained recognition in 2004. The scarcity of empirical evidence on the real issues facing the banking sector makes it difficult for decision-makers and policymakers to take adequate measures to address potential problems. This paper contributes to the empirical literature by measuring and analyzing cost efficiency in addition to the Lerner index to measure the power of the banking market in Iraq. A sample of panel data is utilized from 20 Iraqi commercial banks for the period 2010-2020. The data envelope analysis DEA is used to measure banks’ cost efficiency. The empirical results gave evidence of a decrease in the price cost efficiency index in the banking sector during the transitional period, and the Lerner index gave negative results, which is an indication of the decline in the market power of Iraqi banks. This paper suggests that studies should be expanded to measure the power and weaknesses of the banking sector, which led to a decrease in the cost-price efficiency and the strength of the behavior.
RELAÇÕES ÉTNICO-RACIAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL E SUA INSERÇÃO NO CONTEXTO DA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DOCENTE
Authors: Brussio Josenildo Campos , Martins Ana Patrícia Sá , Da Costa Poliane de Lima Vaz
Published: January 2024

Este trabalho objetivou analisar como a inserção das relações étnico-raciais na formação continuada pode contribuir para o trabalho no cotidiano da educação infantil. O estudo teve fins exploratórios com abordagem qualitativa, utilizou como métodos de procedimento as pesquisas bibliográfica e de campo e a análise de conteúdo. O texto fundamenta-se nas ideias e concepções de autores como Barbosa (1997), Esteves (2018), Gomes (2005),  Gonçalves (2005), Lima (2008),Vygotsky (1998), ademais documentos oficiais Brasil (2004), Dcnei (2010), Rcnei (1998) entre outros .Constatou que a inserção das relações étnico-raciais na formação continuada é relevante para a educação infantil, uma vez que fornece informações, conhecimentos e experiências, para ressignificar saberes que resultem em práticas pedagógicas de respeito e inclusão. Conclui que educar, desde a infância, é parte da construção de uma sociedade mais justa e igualitária.
EDITORIAL - A DIVISÃO SOCIAL DO SOFRIMENTO: E TODAS SUAS FACETAS
Authors: Santos Boaventura de Sousa
Published: January 2024

EDITORIAL
A ETNOMÍDIA INDÍGENA NAS ALDEIAS E NAS REDES: ENTREVISTA COM A JUVENTUDE INDÍGENA DE LUTA, OS ESPAÇOS COMUNICATIVOS E O FORTALECIMENTO ANCESTRAL E IDENTITÁRIO
Authors: Zenha Leonardo
Published: January 2024

Essa entrevista traz um panorama da atuação de um jovem da Etnia Arapium, da região do Baixo Tapajós, no Estado do Pará. O comunicador indígena versa sobre o processo de construção de uma mídia indígena/etnomídia. Ele pontua que as tecnologias digitais tornaram-se um meio fundamental para se evidenciar as questões pertinentes aos povos indígenas, bem como o fortalecimento de sua identidade. Destaca-se a potência dessa comunicação em rede, em criar possibilidades de métodos junto com as organizações e os jovens comunicadores indígenas. Salienta-se que a comunicação por meio do digital em rede é um espaço importante para pensar a comunicação dos povos indígenas e suas lutas. Haja vista, o premente entendimento que os povos indígenas necessitam ocupar cada vez mais os espaços ciberculturais. Ademais, é reafirmado que a comunicação indígena está junto com a educação, e a valorização de uma ciência ancestral e indígena.
RETRATO DA INSUBMISSÃO FEMININA ATRAVÉS DA PERSONAGEM MADALENA NA OBRA “SÃO BERNARDO” DE GRACILIANO RAMOS
Authors: Oliveira de Souza Leticia
Published: January 2024

O artigo articula-se entorno do retrato da insubmissão feminina através da personagem Madalena pormenorizada na obra S. Bernardo (1934) de Graciliano Ramos, defendo a perspectiva de que as lutas feministas, emergentes naquele contexto, tal como as inclinações políticas e ideológicas do autor, influenciaram diretamente a construção de alguns elementos da narrativa. Para tanto apropria-se do método de Crítica Interna de Imbert (1987). Concluindo que, contingentemente, Graciliano não tenha pensando em Madalena como uma figura representativa da luta por igualdade de gênero cunhada pelos movimentos feministas, todavia, a força de sua personagem quebra as barreiras do romance e chega com autonomia nos dialogismos sociais contemporâneas como a primeira performance feminista do romancista alagoano.
QUESTIONAR SABERES: O LUGAR DO “NÃO-LUGAR ” DOS DISCURSOS PERIFÉRICOS
Authors: Guimarães Silvia Adélia Henrique
Published: January 2024

No artigo, empreendo como objetivo central questionar alguns saberes a partir de minha própria vivência como professora-pesquisadora-periférica que circula em um lugar que garante status social, cuja presença é socialmente justificada pelo equivocado discurso meritocrático. Questiono saberes, também, a partir de minha própria vivência como mulher não-preta, não-subempregada, não-favelada, não-informalizada, não-artista, que não tem um lugar marcado nas cadeiras dos engajamentos com terrenos mais delimitados. Questiono saberes a partir de minha própria vivência como quem não é mais considerada plenamente uma dos seus, tampouco passou ou passará a ser considerada uma dos deles – sujeito considerado fincado em um não-lugar nos discursos de pertencimentos. É, pois, a partir desse lugar discursivo, o não-lugar, que revisito minha pesquisa de doutoramento, ressignifico algumas reflexões, amplio alguns debates e inscrevo meu terreno no endereço das nuanças como também-lugar, e legítimo, no contexto em que se luta, sobrevive, resiste e em que se tenta uma reexistência por meio da perspectiva da decolonização – do poder, do saber, do ser.