bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cartographic method for studying secular trend in male stature in Russia and neighboring countries in the 19-20th Centuries
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia, Lebedeva Lidia S. , Kucherova Yulia A. ,   Yamal LNG, Akademika Pilyugina str., 22, Moscow, 117393, Russia, Godina Elena Z. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The article aims to study the regional differences in male stature during the 19-20th centuries in Russian Empire, USSR, Russia and some neighboring countries and to illustrate the observed changes in time using contemporary cartographic methods and the new source of information – the RLMS HSE dataset. We hypothesized that there are some areas with stable short and tall statures. Materials and methods. We used datasets with as large number of territorial units of the country as possible, published by D.N. Anuchin, V.V. Bunak, A.L. Purundzhan. To illustrate relevant datasets, the methodology of visualization was created. To make maps comparable with each other, especially, for the territory, like the European part of Russia, we made a surface interpolation. Results. We could suggest areas with more or less stable tall stature – near the Baltic Sea and Saint-Petersburg and between the contemporary cities of Kiev and Krasnodar. The area with stable short stature is situated in the middle part of Volga River – near Kazan city. Thus, the hypothesis was confirmed considering a new database. Moreover, according to the datasets, which illustrated the second part of the 20th century, the new area had appeared in Moscow and some neighboring territories. Secular changes in height for different regions and time periods were uneven, which may be connected with the different ethnic composition of the studied populations and various socioeconomic and demographic variables. Conclusion. Based on contemporary cartographic methods we illustrated the general pattern of changes in male stature, the idea of the consistency of the changes in male stature and the uneven changes in values across the territory. Some areas with stable short and tall statures first discovered by Anuchin are preserved till nowadays. Our research demonstrated the idea that areas could be formed under various circumstances. However, the overall trend has stayed the same over time despite the positive secular changes.
Sexual dimorphism as the indicator of microevolution dynamics of somatic status (based on infants data)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia, Fedotova Tatiana K. , Gorbacheva Anna K. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Anuchin Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Mokhovaya st., 11, Moscow, 125009, Russia
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The level of sexual dimorphism, SD, is treated as independent population quantitative indice – marker of the quality of the surrounding, the level of ecological stress, the indicator of temporal fluctuations of economic and social factors. Materials and methods. Secular dynamics of SD of body dimensions is analyzed at intergroup and intragroup levels. Meta analysis embraces the data of 112 samples of urban children of 12-months-age, examined during 1930-2010 years. The main source of information – books on physical development of children and adolescents of Russia and former USSR. The second part of the work describes the monthly patterns of secular dynamics of SD of body dimensions through the age interval from 0 to 12 months based on data of Moscow children only, also from 1930s till now. The quantitative estimation of the level on SD is realized using Kullback divergence. Results. According to the results of meta analysis, secular dynamics of SD height, weight, chest and head girths of 12-months-old children is not significant (p= 0,13–0,97). Analysis of secular variability of SD of somatic dimensions of Moscow children only showed the existence of common, over temporal and over population, mechanisms of growth, in particular, increase of SD of all somatic traits under discussion through the first trimester. Intergroup differentiation of SD of anthropometric traits is minimal at the start of postnatal ontogenesis. Secular variability of age dynamics of SD of somatic traits through the infancy has nonlinear curve. SD of height and weight of the sample of 1957 for the most age points exceeds SD of both earlier samples of 1930 and 1950 and later samples of 1971 and 2008, which is connected with height rates of acceleration of post-war children. Conclusion. SD of somatic traits is an informative and autonomic indicator of microevolution and age dynamics during infancy as well as during subsequent periods of ascending ontogenesis and definite age. Nonlinear dynamics of SD levels of analyzed body dimensions through the first year of life is fixed. The most significant quantitative indicators of secular trends, fixed for several data series of Moscow infants, is SD of height.
Monitoring of anthropometric indicators of physical development of children in the first year of life in the Republic of Belarus
Authors:   Educational institution «Gomel State Medical University», Lange str., 5, Gomel, 246050, Belarus, Kozlovsky Alexandr A. , Melnik Victor A. ,   Educational institution «Gomel State Medical University», Lange str., 5, Gomel, 246050, Belarus, Kozlovsky Denis A. ,   Republican Research Center for Mother and Child, Orlovskaya str., 66, Minsk, 220053, Belarus
Published: September 2022

Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the main indicators of physical development (body length and weight, head and chest) obtained in 2008 (group I) and 2018 (group II) by random sampling was carried out. These populations were homogeneous in place of residence, ethnicity, close in time of inspection and representative in number. The number of boys and girls in the group I was 100 people, in the group II – 75 and 70 people, respectively. Results. Monitoring of anthropometric indicators of body weight in newborn children confirmed the stability of this parameter and higher values in boys than in girls. Boys of group II from the age of 6 months have significantly lower body weight indicators compared to group I. Monitoring of body length in children of the first year of life over a 10-year period indicates that monthly gains in children of group II are lower than in group I. In 2018, boys from the age of 5 months had significantly lower head circumference compared to 2008. A significant decrease in the circumference of the chest was noted in boys of group II, starting from the 2nd month of life, in girls – from the 1st month, compared with children of group I. Conclusion. The analysis of anthropometric indicators in children in the first year of life over a ten-year period revealed a high intensity of their monthly gains in the first months of life with a gradual decrease in their intensity in the second half of the year. Significantly lower indicators of body weight and chest were established and a tendency to decrease body length and head circumference in children in 2018.
Ancient craniological polymorphism of the African continent and the problems of its interpretation
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Anthropology, Leninskie Gory, 1(12)7 Moscow, 119234, Russia, Bakholdina Varvara Yu.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. New facts on paleoanthropology, genetics and archaeology of the African region require their comprehension in line with the existing theoretical concepts of Russian and foreign authors. Materials and methods. The latest data on paleoanthropological finds from the African continent of the Middle and Late Pleistocene period are considered in the article with the application of comparative morphological and hypothetical-deductive methods to their analysis. Results. Craniological polymorphism of the ancient population of Africa is of particular importance in solving the problems of the evolution of Homo sapiens. All the African finds considered in the work are divided into two main groups – the earlier one, dating from the end of the Middle Pleistocene, and the Late Pleistocene. The results of the possibilities of using various theoretical methodological approaches to the creation of evolutionary models are analyzed. For the interpretation of African craniological polymorphism, the most promising is the concept of G. Bräuer, which largely intersects with the theoretical constructions of V.V. Bunak and A.A. Zubov. The concepts of these researchers create a real theoretical basis for discussing the idea of the so-called "African multiregionalism", proposed today as an alternative to recent ideas about the East African center of Homo sapiens formation. Conclusion. A high level of craniological differentiation is found on the African continent already at the earliest stages of the appearance of the genus Homo. The complex picture of the epochal dynamics of craniological African polymorphism poses a number of questions to modern researchers, including the question of morphological criteria of the species Homo sapiens, the most relevant for modern physical evolutionary anthropology.
Medical treatment in girls’ schools of the Russian Empire: 18th – beginning of 19th century
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of History, Lomonosov Prospect, 27, Moscow, 119192, Russia, Ponomareva Varvara V.
Published: September 2022

Results This study looks at inception and development of medical departments in girls’ schools of the Russian Empire during the second half of the 18th and beginning of 19th century, the first of which was founded in 1764. Materials and methods. The problems of the article, based on a wide range of sources, both archival and published, studied using the principles of objectivity and historicism, still remain unexplored. Results. Empress Catherine II and her associates’ ideas, based on innovative principles in the physical education of children, which were being developed by European Enlightenment thinkers of the 18th century, had to be implemented in a practical way in both boys’ and girls’ state-established schools of the Russian Empire. With emphasis on preventive healthcare, the organization of necessary medical procedure in a boarding school with 200–300 pupils was an uncharted territory. Discussion. Gradual establishment of medical matters throughout the early period of history of girls’ schools progressed tracing general development in medical science and practice. The experience of scientific organization of medical assistance was systematically gained in privileged state-run schools: initial examination of new students, routine health checks, universal smallpox vaccinations, organization of strict quarantine in the instance of infectious disease outbreak, establishment of modern infirmaries with relevant equipment, development of diagnostics, medicine preparation in own pharmacies, referrals to various specialists.
LANGUAGE MANIPULATION MEANS IN ENGLISH LOVE DISCOURSE AND ITS TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN
Authors: Hatalska Maryna Serhiiivna
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The article is dedicated to one of topical issues of modern linguistics – language manipulation in fictional texts of love discourse, and highlights the specifics of applying translation strategies while rendering language manipulation means into Ukrainian. Purpose. The paper aims to describe the system of language manipulation means in love discourse and ways of their reproduction in the Ukrainian language. Methods. The nature of language manipulation as well as its techniques, tactics and methods used by the manipulator have been analyzed. The grammatical, lexico-semantic and lexico-grammatical transformations applied to convey language manipulation performed by different types of linguistic personalities in love discourse are described. Results. Conveying language manipulation means in translation is a complicated process that involves a number of difficulties, and therefore requires professional skills from a translator. Three main types of translation transformations are identified: lexical-semantic transformations; grammatical transformations; lexical-grammatical transformations, through which the system of language manipulation means in the texts of love discourse is rendered. Modulation and differentiation as the most frequently used lexical-semantic transformations help to render evasion, tone of playfulness, coquetry in characters’ utterances that have manipulative potential. As shown by the analysis of the research material, grammatical transformations (addition, omission, substitution) are applied to convey indifference, rudeness, neglect, and ridicule in utterances of characters and clearly render their manipulative power. All types of lexical-grammatical transformations (antonymic translation, total reorganization and compensation) have been applied with the aim of providing expressive, humorous and manipulative tone of utterances. Conclusions. It should be concluded that various translation transformations are required for achieving semantic equivalence in translation of language manipulation means in texts of love discourse.
The Podilsk provincial commissioner in the revolutionary era (march-november 1917): the emergence and formation of the institution of power
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi Humanitarian-Pedagogical Academy, Adamskyi Viktor
Published: September 2022

Мета дослідження – дослідити становлення інституту комісара у прифронтовій Подільській губернії в період, коли він підпорядковувався структу- рам Тимчасового уряду. При цьому ми не розглядатимемо усіх аспектів цієї пробле- матики, а спробуємо зосередитися лише на тих питаннях, які безпосередньо або опо- середковано впливали на призначення комісарів та затвердження його заступників. Методологія дослідження базується на принципах історизму та об’єктивності, що дозволило розкрити предмет дослідження у просторі та часі. Автор послугову- вався також проблемно-хронологічним, структурним та аналітико-синтетичним методами. Наукова новизна. Вперше в історіографії зроблено спробу на системно- му рівні проаналізувати регіональну специфіку становлення та розвитку інститу- ту Подільського губернського комісара впродовж березня-листопада 1917 р. Висновки. Лютнева революція 1917 р. у Росії зумовила докорінні зміни в системі організації місце- вого управління. На зміну губернаторам був запроваджений інститут губернських та повітових комісарів. Досвід Поділля засвідчує, що передача влади відбулася без знач них ексцесів, у відповідності до тих настанов, які надсилались на місця Тимчасовим уря- дом. Однак становлення регіональної виконавчої структури відбувалося у непрос тих умовах. Спочатку ініціативою володіли представники губернського земства, яким вдалося на надзвичайному зібранні гласних, поповненого демократичними елемента- ми, добитися підтримки їхнього представника П. Александрова. Губернський комісар не відзначився згортанням демократичних процесів у губернії, забезпечивши відкри- ті процедури щодо організації першого засідання Подільської ради громадських організацій. Непорозуміння між українцями на цьому етапі розвитку революційного руху не дозволило поставити свого представника на чолі виконавчої вертикалі в регіоні. Зробивши певні висновки, на другому засіданні Ради українська група спромоглася до- битися обрання М. Стаховського. Однак через зволікання останнього та непоква- пливість Тимчасового уряду він вступив на посаду губернського комісара лише 10 ве- ресня 1917 р. Після більшовицького перевороту у Петрограді М. Стаховський подав у відставку, залишивши виконувати обов’язки у дуже непростий період Г. Степуру. В листопаді 1917 р. місцева виконавча влада перейшла у цілковите підпорядкування Генерального секретаріату внутрішніх справ.
The institutional role of industry in a soviet city of the 1920s (on the example of Vinnytsia)
Authors:   Vinnytsia Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi State Pedagogical University, Karoyeva Tetiana
Published: September 2022

Мета роботи – на прикладі Вінниці, яка до революцій 1917 р. не мала ста- лих промислових і пролетарських традицій, розглянути інституційну роль промисловос- ті в радянсь кому місті. Методологія дослідження. Промисловість розглянуто як соціаль- ну інституцію, тобто вихідна позиція передбачає те, що функціонування промисловос- ті має культурний зміст, пов’язаний з певними ідеалами, цінностями, нормами тощо. Інституція тут розуміється як сукупність механізмів, завдяки яким культурні орієнти- ри трансформуються в соціальну практику. Хронологічно обрано 1920-ті рр., тобто пе- ріод боротьби міської влади за своє місце та свої права в радянській системі управління. Наукова новизна. Розвиток радянського міста 1920-х рр. розглянутий крізь призму інсти- туційного підходу до такої сфери економіки, як промисловість. Використання такого під- ходу обумовлено тим, що у радянській плановій економіці місто як учасник економічного життя ігнорувалось. Натомість промисловість відігравала визначальну роль в організа- ції життєдіяльності радянського міста. Висновки. Ідеологічні постулати марксистської тео рії та планова радянська економіка (централізоване управління промисловістю), з од- ного боку, та законодавчі обмеження можливостей міського управління, з іншого боку, пере- творювали промисловий комплекс в організм, який існував в міському середовищі сам по собі, зі свої ми правилами та рішеннями, ізольовано від функціонування поселення. Складалася ситуація, коли радянська промисловість самим фактом своєї наявності примушувала міську владу та навколишнє міське середовище прилаштовуватися до неї. Тобто, вона дія- ла як соціальна інституція, котра впливала на структуру населення міста, його соціальні та культурні практики, навколишній міський ландшафт та організацію міського просто- ру, а міська влада не мала жодних прямих управлінських важелів щодо неї.
Ukrainians of Slovakia as a factor of Ukrainian-Slovak intercultural interaction of the second half of the XX – first twenty years of the XXI centuries
Authors:   National University of Ostroh Academy, Atamanenko Alla
Published: September 2022

Метою дослідження є встановлення ролі автохтонної української ін- телектуальної еліти Словаччини в посиленні взаємодії української та словацької куль- тур. Методологія дослідження базована на застосуванні проблемно-хронологічного, конкретно-історичного та наративного методів, а також загальнонаукових методів аналізу та синтезу. Наукова новизна полягає у вперше зробленій спробі узагальнити дані про роль автохтонної української громади Словаччини, у т.ч. її інтелектуальної еліти, у сприянні розвитку українсько-словацької міжкультурної взаємодії. Висновки. Упродовж другої половини ХХ – першого двадцятиліття ХХІ ст. представники русинсь- ко-української громади робили все можливе для розвитку, дослідження та популяриза- ції української культури в Словаччині. З входженням останньої до ЄС у 2004 р. акти- візувалась державна підтримка діяльності русинсько-українських громадських організа- цій, видань, шкільництва тощо. Український музей у Свиднику є одним із найпомітні- ших українських етнографічних музеїв світу, а на сторінках його видань досліджуєть- ся та популяризується українська культура, етнографія, фольклор, історія. Словацькі українці багато роблять для розвитку українознавства у Словаччині як на рівні діяль- ності інституцій, так і на рівні наукових публікацій, проведення наукових конференцій. Формуванню позитивного сприйняття української культури в Словаччині сприяла ді- яльність театральних колективів. Не менш важливе значення для популяризації ук раїн- ської культури має творчість літераторів та літературознавців, проведення презен- тацій нових видань і творів, здійснення перекладів української літератури різних епох. Українська культура та історія, включно з історією русинсько-української громади, по- пуляризуються завдяки медіа – радіо, телебачення, преси та Інтернету.
The figure of the «awakener» Anatoliy Kralytsky in the works of scientists
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ogііеnko University, Zavodovskyi Anatolii
Published: September 2022

Мета дослідження – здійснити усесторонній та неупереджений ана- ліз наукових досліджень життя та діяльності Анатолія Кралицького, з’ясувати весь спектр поглядів науковців на особистісні трансформації в його житті та творчості. Методологія дослідження базується на загальнонаукових методах аналізу, синтезу й системності, та спеціальних – описовому, порівняльно-історичному, реконструкції іс- торичних подій, методі контент-аналізу, який дав можливість виявити й оцінити специфічні характеристики проаналізованих текстів. У дослідженні також застосо- вувалися методи історичної імагології. Наукова новизна полягає в системному дослі- дженні публіцистичних і наукових праць про Анатолія Кралицького, а також в глибо- кому аналізі етапів трансформації його національної самоідентичності та світогля- ду в цілому. Висновки. Життєвий шлях та творчий доробок Анатолія Кралицького, значний як за обсягом, так і за жанрами, цікавив істориків, етнографів, літературо- знавців, лінгвістів та націологів упродовж десятиліть. Переважна більшість дослідни- ків досить високо оцінює його вклад у процеси націєтворення і відносить його до най- видатніших діячів закарпатського регіону у «довгому» ХІХ ст. Праці науковців його творчості засвідчують, що одна з найвидатніших заслуг «будителя» полягає у тому, що він чи не вперше в художній літературі Закарпаття, сформував імаготип русинівукраїнців. Життя та творчість А. Кралицького є недостатньо дослідженими, а дея- кі твори письменника про існування яких відомо, ще досі не знайдені. Значна частина його робіт опублікована під псевдонімами, криптонімами або й без підпису через по- боювання автора переслідувань з боку угорської адміністрації та єпископської влади. Ускладнює процес дослідження творчого доробку А. Кралицького те, що він не написав своєї автобіографії, а відомості про його дитячі та юнацькі роки досить заплутані.
Professor Oleksandr Fedkov: a bright personality, an intellectual, a talented historian, a patriot of Ukraine
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ogііеnko University, Zavalniuk Oleksandr , Hlushkovetskyi Anatoliі ,   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ogііеnko University
Published: September 2022

Для зміцнення науково-педагогічного потенціалу держави, підготовки нових поколінь талановитих українських вчених, формування їх найкращих особистіс- них, професійних і громадських якостей неабияке значення має індивідуальний досвід становлення і розвитку нині діючих кадрів науковців. Метою статті є створення ці- лісного біографічного нарису про формування особистості, науково-педагогічну, управ- лінську та громадську діяльність відомого українського історика, професора, завідувача кафедри Федькова Олександра Миколайовича, який є яскравим прикладом вір ного слу- жіння українській історичній науці, вищій школі, підготовці висококваліфікованих пе- дагогічних і наукових кадрів для нашої країни. Методологічні засади дослідження ста- новлять принципи історизму об’єктивності, всебічності й системності, які реалізовані за допомогою низки таких дослідницьких методів, як аналітичний, синтетичний, опи- совий, біографічний, синхронний, діахронний та інші. Наукова новизна роботи поля- гає у вперше широкому і цілісному осмисленні та представленні загалу пройденого жит- тєвого і професійного шляху відомого українського історика-подолянина О. Федькова, його найбільш важливих складових і здобутків, які мають неординарне значення для сучасників, майбутніх вчених і педагогів як досвід для критичного сприймання і вико- ристання у власному служінні освіті, науці, громаді. Висновки. Доведено, що особис- тість вченого сформувалася упродовж тривалого часу, завдяки інтелігентній сім’ї, пе- дагогам загальноосвітньої та науково-педагогічним працівникам вищої шкіл, де велику роль відіграли його батьки, наставники, факультетський колектив; неабиякі розумові здібності, висока організованість, цілеспрямованість, працьовитість, наполегливість, засвоєн ня усього нового і прогресивного, а також сприяючі умови забезпечили поступо- ве сходження у власній освітній підготовці і науковій сфері, просування щаблями в адмі- ністративній роботі, ріст авторитету як викладача, управлінця, громадського діяча; заснована і керована вченим наукова школа, яка працює у багатьох напрямках, розвиває свою активність і посилює присутність серед університетських шкіл, в сучасній істо- ріографії України, має чималу перспективу.
MODERN APPROACHES IN CONVICTS’ CLASSIFICATION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THEIR SOCIAL DANGER DEGREE
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Bodnar I.V. , Sheremeta O.P. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Leonenko O.O. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The article points out that today’s segregated system of holding convicts for punishments related to deprivation of liberty in Ukraine, has been handed down to us since the Soviet regime, so there is a need to rethink the very essence of this system. It is also noted that today, when determining the criteria for separate convicts’ detention, a legislator mainly takes into account gender, degree of recidivism, severity of the committed criminal offense, types of committed criminal offenses (such distribution is characteristic only for correctional colonies of the maximum security level and is provided for by Article 140 of the Criminal Executive Code of Ukraine), convicts’ age, etc. It is considered expedient to supplement the classification system with such components (criteria) as: the type of criminal activity and the degree of danger posed by a convicted person. The need for such changes is outlined in international documents in the field of protection of convicts’ rights. In particular, the maintained analysis of international documents in the penitentiary field provided grounds for concluding that in order to ensure safe conditions in penal institutions, it is necessary to comply with the following requirements: as soon as possible after convict’s arrival at a penal institution, it is necessary to obtain information about the convict’s state of health and determine the appropriate level of security for the convict, the security threat they pose. While determining the security threat, the following are taken into account: the risk that the convict may pose to society by escaping (if this risk exists, it is determined whether he will try to escape on his own, or will involve other convicts, representatives of the administration, etc., as a part of a group or with external help). Another aspect of examining convict’s identity is to find out whether they pose a safety threat to other convicts, the administration of a penal institution or other persons in the institution, and whether they are capable of self-harm and suicidal behaviour. Key words: convicts, staff, penal institution, distribution of convicts, security.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN THE FIELD OF PUNISHMENTS EXECUTING: PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Territorially Separated Branch  “Khmelnytskyi branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Brunevych V.M. , Kovalska P. H. ,   Territorially Separated Branch  “Khmelnytskyi branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine, Kemeniash A.A. ,   Territorially separated branch  “Khmelnytskyi branch of the Academy of the State Penitentiary Service”, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The system and essence of main international acts in the field of punishments executing, their relationship with national law are analyzed in the article. The problems of implementation in national law and their further using in practice are outlined. It is determined that international cooperation finds legal expression in the recommendatory provisions of international acts, which should not be ignored, although the implementation of such provisions in each state is due to its special socio-economic, political, national, geographical and other conditions. It is determined that the significance of international standards of criminal enforcement is quite multifaceted. In political terms, the emergence of specific documents, norms, recommendations and principles is the result of political activity and interaction of subjects of international law. Being once adopted, they identify with varying degrees of categoricalness and obligatoriness important areas of state domestic criminal and criminal-executive policy. The introduced innovations of the Ukrainian legislation are a direct reflection of the norms, principles and recommendations of international norms of law, which are increasingly included in the practice of institutions and bodies of the domestic penitentiary system. However, it is not just a matter of formally bringing national norms and rules in line with European human rights standards, but their implementation. This means respect for these rights and freedoms, their proper protection and defense, which, in particular, requires further reform of domestic penitentiary system and organizational and legal support for the activities of its bodies and institutions using modern international experience. The practical solution to the problem of application of international standards of convicts’ treatment in the penitentiary system of Ukraine, in particular, involves the improvement of such areas as health care, education, socialization and more. The implementation of this will help bring the conditions of imprisonment in Ukraine closer to the relevant international standards of convicts’ treatment, improve the observance of the rights of persons deprived of their liberty, as well as strengthen guarantees of their implementation. Key words: punishments executing, penal institution, convict, international standards, national legislation, implementation.
LEGAL CULTURE OF PENITENTIARY PERSONNEL: CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Rebkalo M.M.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the current state of penitentiary personnel’s legal culture and consideration of the problems that need to be solved. It is noted that penitentiary personnel’s efficiency largely depends on the legal culture and is a necessary condition for the proper implementation of tasks related to the criminal penalties execution. The author’s vision is formulated in relation to the components that affect the current state of penitentiary personnel’s legal culture. Some normative and legal acts that cardinally influence the system by forming elements of legal culture are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that among the means of legal regulation used in order to neutralize the negative impact on the quality of their professional activities are both a system of incentives and sanctions. The main tasks that are implemented during penitentiary personnel’s initial training and retraining in direction of forming their legal culture are revealed in the article. Namely they are the following: focusing personnel’s legal consciousness on loyalty to the state’s interests; formation of an individual position in the assessment of criminal and executive activity; awareness of the importance of processes related to the implementation of international penitentiary standards in criminal enforcement processes; learning the ability to work competently, politely and reasonably with citizens’ appeals. It is noted that the current system of training of penitentiary personnel allows not only to form the understanding of the value of criminal and executive as well as international penitentiary legislation, but also allows to master the mechanism of their practical application. There are following problems: the need to improve the quality of legal information of the personnel using modern technologies, especially at the level of institutions and establishments; the need to create offices of legal knowledge at institutions and establishments with the involvement of the employees having positive experience in the practical application of criminal law; introduction of a system of advising personnel on issues related to their official activities. Key words: State Criminal and Executive Service, legal culture, penitentiary personnel, staff, formation of legal culture, penal bodies and institutions.
LEGAL NATURE OF NOTARY’S EXECUTIVE INSCRIPTION AND ITS PLACE IN THE SYSTEM OF NOTARIAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors:   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine, Andrushchenko T.S. , Salai M.H. ,   Academy of the State Penitentiary Service, Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to studying legal nature of notary’s executive inscription as an extrajudicial form of civil rights and obligations protection, as well as a notarial act aimed at giving the document its executive power. Analyzing the legislation, the authors emphasize that the executive inscription must be considered from different points of view. It is this approach that will provide a comprehensive and complete understanding of the essence of such legal construction. So, first of all, the executive inscription is a form of protection of civil rights and interests provided for by the Civil Code of Ukraine, within which the interested person confirms the right to an undisputed debt. Secondly, the executive inscription is a notarial act that records the result of a notarial act and certifies the right to collect the debt from a debtor. In addition, the executive inscription is an executive document on the basis of which a debt collector and a debtor enter into new legal relations. Various approaches to determining the legal nature of a notary’s executive inscription are considered. It was found out that in the course of notarial-procedural activity, the determination of the indisputability of the debt, as a condition for the execution of the executive inscription, has a purely formal character. At the same time, the procedural order for its confirmation is not provided for by the legislation. This fact necessitates further scientific development of the ways to improve the procedure for executive inscription making. Based on the analysis, the author’s approach to defining the concept of “executive inscription” is proposed, taking into account various aspects of its legal purpose. Key words: notary, executive inscription, undisputed debt, debt document, notarial process, notarial proceedings, notarial act.
The Monophthongization of /ai/ and /oi/ in Kom: An Autosegmental Perspective
Authors: Ivo Forghema Njuasi
Published: September 2022

A great deal of scholarship has gone into examining monophthongization as a phonological phenomenon occurring within the different chronological stages of languages. Some studies have examined it as a sociolinguistic index of dialectal variation while some others have studied it as a purely idiosyncratic matter within the same language variety. Almost all of these studies have been purely descriptive in nature. This study used the derivational phonology approach to analyze monophthongization as a synchronic phenomenon in the Kom language within the framework of Autosegmental Phonology. Derivations were constructed mapping underlying diphthongal forms to their surface monophthongal realizations. The results show that in natural spontaneous speech, the diphthongs /ai/ and /Oi/ lose their gliding part and become monophthongs when they occur in a syllable that shares boundary to the right with a vowel-initial word. This vowel loss is followed by a compensatory lengthening of the new monophthongized vowel.
Characteristics of Chinese Translation of Emily Dickinson's Poetry: A Big-Data Analysis Based on Nine Translations
Authors: Zhou Jianxi
Published: September 2022

Using a program written in python language to conduct a big-data statistical analysis of poetic form and vocabulary use of nine Chinese translations of Emily Dickinson's poetry, it is found that the current Chinese translations deviate significantly from the original in terms of poetic form in which deviation of punctuation is greater than that of stanzas and lines, and no translation completely retains formal characteristics of the original. Different characteristics in the use of vocabulary can be found in different translations. Some translations have too many additions and deletions, which makes language content deviate from the original too much. In translating Dickinson's poetry, the form and content of the original text should be faithfully translated. In particular, dashes of the original text should be kept completely, reduce the manifestation of the translator in the translation and avoid addition and deletion in translating.
Metacognitive Strategies on Reading English Texts of Non-English Majored Students at Dong Nai Technology University, Vietnam: A Mixed Design
Authors: Ngoc Nguyen Thi Kim
Published: September 2022

The goal of this study is to see if there is a link between the usage of metacognitive reading strategies by non-English major students and their reading comprehension performance. This research was conducted at Dong Nai Technology University with 70 students ranging in age from 19 to 22 years old. Both quantitative and qualitative data were used in the investigation. These students were asked to complete a TOEIC reading test to assess their reading ability, followed by the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI) (Mokhtari and Reichard, 2002) to assess their metacognitive use. Semi-structured interviews with four high scorers and four low scorers from the sample were used to acquire qualitative data. The findings demonstrated that students’ metacognitive reading strategy use is at a moderate level, and the most frequent and least frequent strategies that they used are Problem-solving and Global strategies, respectively. Additionally, it found that more proficient readers used metacognitive strategies more frequently, more successfully, and more appropriately than less proficient readers and vice versa. Some qualitative results were also mentioned. The results of the study have some implications for both teachers and students to employ appropriate metacognitive reading strategies in second language acquisition.
Analysis of Media Coverage of Beijing Winter Olympic Games under the Time Background with Framework Theory—Take Xinhua News Agency as an Example
Authors: Qi Fu-xiang , Tian Yu-xin , Wang Jian
Published: September 2022

Under the pressure of the raging COVID-19 epidemic and continued global geopolitical tensions, the Beijing Winter Olympic Games were held as scheduled smoothly. The media coverage of the Winter Olympics plays a crucial role in its promotion. Through textual analysis and content analysis, this paper takes frame theory as the basis, takes Xinhua News Agency's 2, 406 news reports as samples, focuses on 3 types of structures: high-level, middle-level, and bottom-level, and takes the report content and theme as the guide to study the coverage of the Beijing Winter Olympics in the context of the times, mainly analyzing its relevant impact, the evaluation of relevant people, and the use and innovation of the event subjects and technologies, to convey inclusively, shared objective and positive values. The results of this study reveal that Xinhua's news coverage of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games has eight high-level thematic frameworks and five medium-level content frameworks to show readers the Chinese Winter Olympic Games and also the development of winter sports in China.
ANÁLISE FÍLMICA E PROCESSO DECISÓRIO: O CASO DO FILME DECISÃO DE RISCO
Authors: Maia Fabrício Simplício , Bellé Denise , Mazon Alice Fernanda , Huppes Alan Carlos
Published: September 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise do filme “Decisão de risco” com base na teoria do processo decisório, este estudo prova que é possível aliar a análise fílmica com a teoria para melhorar o aprendizado e aprofunda-se na discussão sobre o tema. Através da análise fílmica é possível perceber na prática os aspectos teóricos da tomada de decisão. Este estudo se caracteriza de forma qualitativa, descritiva e de perfil bibliográfico. A fim de obter os resultados desta pesquisa, realizou-se uma pesquisa na literatura, através da qual foi possível obter informações que serviram de base para esta análise. Por fim, foi possível perceber que, no decorrer do filme, havia um conflito de interesses, o que de certa forma postergou a tomada de decisão, porém não evitou as consequências advindas da decisão tomada.
Palavras-Chave: Análise fílmica; Processo decisório; Administração.
 
Abstract: This study aims to perform an analysis of the movie "Risk Decision" based on the theory of decision making, this study proves that it is possible to combine film analysis with theory to improve learning and deepens the discussion on the subject. Through film analysis it is possible to realize in practice the theoretical aspects of decision making. This study is characterized in a qualitative, descriptive and bibliographic profile. In order to obtain the results of this research, a literature search was performed, through which it was possible to obtain information that served as the basis for this analysis. Finally, it was possible to realize that during the film there was a conflict of interest, which somewhat delayed decision making, but did not avoid the consequences of the decision made.
Keywords: Film analysis; Decision making; Management.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) AS A FORM OF IMPLEMENTING CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL COMMUNITY
Authors: Sanusi Sanusi , Kartini Murti
Published: September 2022

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is an improvement in the quality of life which means the ability of humans as individual community members to be able to respond to existing social conditions, be able to enjoy and take advantage of the environment, in other words, it is a way for companies to regulate business processes to produce positive impacts on the environment. community which is an important process as a form of implementation of corporate responsibility to the environment and social community. The government's policy on CSR is contained in Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. What is safe is that this writing is carried out using a research method with a normative juridical approach, namely legal research that refers to the legal norms contained in the legislation. Corporate responsibility to the public interest can be realized through the implementation of sustainable CSR programs and directly touch aspects of people's lives. The realization of CSR programs is an indirect contribution of the company to the strengthening of overall social capital.
Legal Liability in E-Commerce Agreements through the Cash on Delivery Payment System
Authors: Andri Gusti Yosi
Published: September 2022

The online sale and purchase agreement is in principle the same as the conventional sale and purchase agreement. The difference is only in the medium, where the seller and the buyer do not meet directly (face to face) and payment and delivery of goods is determined according to the agreement in the provisions of article 1458 of the Civil Code. The problem to be studied is the legal construction in online buying and selling with COD payments and the responsibilities of the parties involved in buying and selling online. The method used is a normative juridical research with qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study can be explained that the legal construction of online buying and selling made in an electronic contract through an electronic system is a manifestation of the agreement of the parties as formulated in Article 47 PP PSTE Number 82 of 2012. With the validity of the electronic contract, the provisions of Article 1338 of the Civil Code will apply where the agreement made is valid will bind the parties, so that rights and obligations arise where the seller is obliged to send the ordered goods and the buyer must pay the agreed price. Because it is done online, the delivery of goods requires the services of a third party, namely an expedition service. Thus there are three different responsibilities, namely the seller is responsible for the suitability of the goods that have been ordered, the buyer is responsible for payment for the goods, and the expedition is responsible for delivering the goods safely. so that rights and obligations arise where the seller is obliged to send the ordered goods and the buyer must pay the agreed price. Because it is done online, the delivery of goods requires the services of a third party, namely an expedition service. Thus there are three different responsibilities, namely the seller is responsible for the suitability of the goods that have been ordered, the buyer is responsible for payment for the goods, and the expedition is responsible for delivering the goods safely. so that rights and obligations arise where the seller is obliged to send the ordered goods and the buyer must pay the agreed price. Because it is done online, the delivery of goods requires the services of a third party, namely an expedition service. Thus there are three different responsibilities, namely the seller is responsible for the suitability of the goods that have been ordered, the buyer is responsible for payment for the goods, and the expedition is responsible for delivering the goods safely.
ATİPİK GÖĞÜS AĞRISININ NADİR BİR NEDENİ: TİETZE SENDROMU
Authors: ERGÜN Uğur
Published: September 2022

Göğüs ağrısı bir çok hastalığın ayrıcı tanısında yer alan önemli bir semptom olup Tietze sendrom (TS)’unda da görülebilmektedir. TS, göğüs ön duvarında ağrı, hassasiyet ve non pürülan şişlik ile seyreden kostosternal, kostokondral ve sternoklaviküler eklemlerin inflasmasyonu ile karakterize bir sendromdur. Koşu sporu sonrası mikrotravmaların neden olabileceği düşündüğümüz, göğüs ağrısı ile acil servisine başvuran TS tanısı alan genç yaştaki olguyu sunuyoruz.