bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prediction of the anisotropic effective moduli of shales based on the Mori-Tanaka model and the digital core technique
Authors: Wang Zidong , Cao Gongqi , Liu Jianlin , Fu Li-Yun
Published: September 2022

Natural rocks belong to the polymineral composite material with complex microstructures. Such a strong heterogeneity of rocks makes it difficult to estimate the effective moduli by traditional models in theory. In the present study, a Mori-Tanaka (MT) model considering the shape and orientation of inclusion minerals obtained by the micro-CT is established, and then it is applied to evaluate the anisotropic parameters of shales. In the MT model, the principal radii and Eulerian angles of the ellipsoidal inclusion are obtained by solving its inertia matrix through the micro-CT. According to these inclusion information, we make statistics on the ratio of average principal radii and the distribution of Eulerian angles of inclusions with different minerals. In what follows, the effective elastic stiffness matrix of shale samples is predicted by the MT model, and the corresponding digital core is input for finite element method (FEM) analysis to verify the accuracy of the theoretical results. It is shown that the anisotropy of the elastic stiffness matrix predicted by the MT model and FEM is consistent under two sizes of representative volume elements. These findings are potential for applications in rock mechanics, civil engineering and oil exploitation, etc.
To Investigate Different Parameters of Economic Sliding Based 1 Seismic Isolation System
Authors: Bibi Tayyaba , Ali Amir , Khan Akhtar Naeem , Zhang Chunwei , Ahmad Naveed
Published: September 2022

Masonry structures are frequently constructed in developing countries because of their affordability and ease of construction, despite the fact that they are vulnerable and perform poorly during earthquakes. Experimental and numerical studies were carried out to determine the optimum thickness of the isolation layer for a recently developed, low-cost seismic isolation system known as the Reinforced-Cut-Wall(RCW). The parameters of the isolation layer were optimized during the experimental and numerical investigation using hollow concrete blocks. Quasi-static cyclic tests were performed on 1:3 reduced-scale brick masonry wall, incorporating the RCW isolation scheme, validating the better performance of the proposed isolation technique.
The Opportunity Driven Entrepreneurship in the Context of Innovation Systems in Europe in the Period 2010-2019
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Costantiello Alberto , Laureti Lucio
Published: September 2022

In this article we have estimated the value of “Opportunity Driven Entrepreneurship” in Europe. We use data from European Innovation Scoreboard-EIS of the European Commission for 36 countries in the period 2010-2019. We use Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, WLS, Pooled OLS, and Dynamic Panel. Our results show that “Opportunity Driven Entrepreneurship” is positively associated, among others, to “Innovation Friendly Environment” and “Turnover Share Large Enterprises”, while it is negatively associated, among others, to “Sales Impacts” and “R&D Expenditure Business Sectors”.

JEL Classification: O30; O31, O32; O33; O36.
O que conhecemos de todos o cosmos?
Authors: Velten Hermano Endlich Schneider
Published: September 2022

As observações astronômicas realizadas durante o eclipse solar ocorrido em Sobral em 29 de maio de 1919 constataram que a Teoria da Relatividade Geral de Einstein corretamente predizia o fenômeno da deflexão da luz. Este grande feito coloca esta teoria em um patamar único na história da ciência, do qual nunca mais saiu. A observação de outros fenômenos astronômicos, também preditos pela teoria de Einstein, ao longo do século XX, nos fazem ter a certeza absoluta de que esta é a teoria que descreve a interação gravitacional. No âmbito cosmológico, no entanto, ao aplicar as equações da relatividade geral para a dinâmica de um modelo de universo homogêneo, isotrópico e em expansão aos mais recentes dados observacionais verifica-se que apenas 5% do universo é composto por partículas conhecidas. A natureza e origem dos restantes 95% do conteúdo do universo, denominado de setor escuro, representa um dos grandes problemas que a ciência enfrentará no século XXI. Nosso objetivo nesse artigo é discutir sobre alguns fatos que promoveram a transição da gravitação Newtoniana para a relatividade geral e mostrar como os conceitos de matéria escura e energia escura surgiram ao longo do século XX. Com isso, seremos levados a uma visão geral do conteúdo material do universo e sua evolução dinâmica.
Study on the Strategies for Utilizing Regional Infrastructures as Tourist Attractions
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Shim Won-Seop , Kim Hye-Won , Shim Chang-Sup
Published: September 2022

As a growing number of people participate in tourism activities, the scope of tourism attractions have been continually extended. In particular, tourists tend to experience local culture and everyday life of the region they visit. In this regard, the current study aims to provide the strategies for utilizing regional infrastructures, which are originally built not for recreational purposes, as tourism attractions. This study conceptualized this new approach of tourism development, introduced similar cases, and suggested step-wise strategies for each different types of regional infrastructures, including strategies for improving tourism contents, service environments, and promotions. It also suggested that success of infrastructure tourism requires shifting paradigm in tourism development, systematically calculating the value of regional infrastructure as tourist attractions and the effective collaboration between different fields.
A Sustainable Approach to Marine Reclamations Using Local Dredged Marine Soils and Wastes: Soft Soil Improvement, Physical Modelling Study, and Settlement Prediction-control
Authors: Yin J H , Chen W B , Tan D Y , Wu P C
Published: September 2022

Housing is currently one of the burning social issues in Hong Kong. There is an urgent need for providing large areas of suitable lands for residential houses and other infrastructures. In 2018, the Hong Kong Government proposed a major reclamation project in Hong Kong waters, i.e., “Lantau Tomorrow” vision, the main concerns of which are the short supply of fill materials, long construction time, and high cost. To tackle these concerns, the authors have proposed to use local 4dredged Hong Kong Marine Deposits (HKMD) and construction wastes to fill a reclaimed area on the seabed in a major Research Impact Fund project in 2019 with HK$15M funding. The use of local HKMD and construction wastes can significantly save the costs for fill material and shorten the construction time. In this paper, successful reclamation projects using soft soils will be briefly reviewed. The state-of-the-art research findings in PolyU, including the results from two ongoing physical model tests, turning construction wastes into the competent filling materials, and a well-verified new simplified Hypothesis B method for predicting soft soil settlements will be presented. Lastly, the methodologies for controlling the post-construction settlement will be discussed.
Photogrammetry- and LiDAR-based Multi-temporal Point Cloud Models and Digital Elevation Models for Landslide Investigation in Hong Kong - Feasibility and Challenges
Authors: Chan Y T A , Liu L , Hou W , Tsui R
Published: September 2022

In adapting to rapid urban development and changing climate, the geotechnical industry is shifting towards harnessing digital technologies in Natural Terrain Hazard Study (NTHS) for landslide investigation. In this paper, we adopted a new digital method using multi-temporal point cloud models and digital elevation models derived from various available resources for the assessment of landslide source volume and dimensions. These resources include (1) historical aerial photographs from territory-wide aerial photographic survey carried out by the Lands Department, (2) project-specific UAV photographic and video surveys, and (3) the territory-wide airborne LiDAR surveys data. Two case studies from the Fei Ngo Shan area, Hong Kong, were carried out. Case 1 involves two recent landslides that occurred in 2005, and Case 2 involves a cluster of eight recent landslides that occurred in 2020. All these ten landslides were carefully investigated using conventional methods (e.g., field measurement or API) by GEO and GeoRisk Solutions, respectively. These investigation results were taken as legacy records for a comparison with the results derived from our adopted digital method. The comparison shows that the landslide source volume derived from the digital method is similar to the legacy record. This paper assessed the feasibility and accuracies of aligning and comparing digital models derived from multi-sources for landslide studies.
Underground Development - Pipe Curtain with Jack-in-place Rectangular Tunnel Boring Machine Technology
Authors: Zhen Zhang , Chiang K M , Man Leo
Published: September 2022

With the recent successful application of Rectangular Tunnel Boring Machine (RTBM) Jack-in place technology in Hong Kong, more interest is put into its wider use. However, the application of RTBM is restrained by geological limitations, such as shallow overburden depth, limited span depth ratio of the tunnel (< 2), etc. Advanced underground construction technology – the adoption of systematic pipe curtain with Jack-in place RTBM methodology- was introduced recently in China and Overseas to construct underground railway tunnels, stations, pedestrian subways, and underpass in challenging congested urban areas. This advanced methodology focuses on underground structures construction in which stringent settlement control with shallow overburden cover is required. It also possesses the flexibility to adapt to different sizes of cross-sections, which makes wide span (>20m) underground structures can be constructed by the trenchless method. Given the future of Hong Kong infrastructure development, this paper is aimed to explore the potential for developing underground space based on this advanced solution to resolving problems in an old and congested urban area. Taking past successful project experiences in Mainland China as examples, this paper has discussed the geological requirements, construction method, sequence, ground settlement performance, etc. It also provides consideration that should be aware of the adoption of technology in typical Hong Kong geological conditions. The RTBM technology offers a new solution to the infrastructure development projects in Hong Kong with better buildability, safety and productivity.
Bridging the Micro and Macro Mechanical Behaviour of Granular Materials
Authors: Zhao Q , Chen Y , Ma G
Published: September 2022

Understanding the underlying physics and mechanisms responsible for the loss of stability of granular systems is crucial to the mitigation of geohazards such as landslides and earthquakes. We use a combination of in situ testing under X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and the hybrid finite and discrete element method (FDEM) to investigate the mechanical behaviours of granular materials from the microscopic to the macroscopic scales. We conduct a miniature triaxial test on a granular column sample that is imaged with X-ray micro-CT at incremental strain steps. Then, spherical harmonic (SH) analysis is performed to characterize and reconstruct the multi-scale morphological characteristics of particles, which was used to create the digital twin of the tested sample. FDEM simulation quantitatively agrees with the overall response observed in the experiment. We find that the granular material deforms plastically through spatially localized zones of large nonaffine displacements, and the spatiotemporal evolution of these zones controls the macroscopic responses of the system. Our method sheds light on bridging length scales from microscopic scale to macroscopic granular systems.
Digital Classification of Anthropogenic Features for Natural Terrain Hazard Assessment in the Quasi-natural Heritage Landscape of the Lin Ma Hang Lead Mine
Authors: Lee Petra , Tse Collette , Lee Francis , Pook Geoffrey , Styles Kevin
Published: September 2022

Much of the Hong Kong landscape consists of densely vegetated steep hillside and may give the impression of natural terrain untouched by man-made activities. However, much evidence of old human activities occurs in our vegetated landscape. The old lead mine workings in the Lin Ma Hang district of the northeast New Territories form a significant industrial heritage site now hidden by dense vegetation. Extensive old anthropogenic activities are seen in site reconnaissance. Most of the man-made features were formed during the mining period (1860-1960) and the WWII (1941-45) occupation of the mine site. Some features have more obscure origins associated with cycles of agricultural activity and settlement of more than 1000 years. The unique and diverse nature of the Lin Ma Hang hillsides provides an ideal case study to demonstrate the benefits of systematic assessment of anthropogenic features in Natural Terrain Hazard Assessment. Some of these man-made features may create impacts as potential adverse Hillside Pocket scenarios and require inventory and classification during natural terrain hazard and other geotechnical studies (Ho & Roberts, 2016). Over the past decade, the application of airborne LiDAR data for site characterization has grown significantly, in part due to advances in handling of very large data sets. Through 3D topographic models using LiDAR in combination with visual data, landforms are revealed and terrain classification is enhanced allowing identification of anthropogenic features of varying scale and origin within their geomorphological setting. The authors discuss the application of a digitally aided approach for terrain mapping with emphasis on the identification and classification of anthropogenic features based on size, type, origin, material, extent and location. These are classified within a Hong Kong-based framework of an 80 class classification following from Styles & Law (2012).
Monitoring of a Peanut-shaped TBM Launching Shaft Excavation using Fibre Optics and Remote Sensing Techniques
Authors: Li I , Sze E H Y , Lo F L C , Lin S Q , Tan D Y , Leung A Y F , Chan A W Y , Wong T C W , Chan E Y M
Published: September 2022

The trial application of fibre optics and remote sensing techniques for monitoring a peanut-shaped tunnel boring machine (TBM) launching shaft in the Trunk Road T2 and Cha Kwo Ling Tunnel project has recently been completed. This is the first time in Hong Kong that these techniques are deployed to systematically monitor the entire excavation process of the peanut-shaped shaft. In particular, distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) technique based on optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) was used to capture the continuous profiling of the strain measurement by fibre optics installed in the diaphragm wall panels, thus enabling the development of hoop strain to be revealed. To facilitate data interpretation, the excavation process was regularly recorded by the handheld light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scanning technique. This paper reports the background and key findings of the monitoring work as well as the results of the data analysis. The monitoring work provides valuable field data, which could not be easily obtained on site in the past. The data may be of use for numerical back-analysis to better understand the behaviour of shaft excavation. Insights gained in this study could also be useful to future design and construction of similar excavation works.
3D Geological Modelling and Management System
Authors: Liu Y.B , Xiao T , Zhang L M
Published: September 2022

A three-dimensional (3-D) geological model has been established for Hong Kong using existing borehole data in order to facilitate detailed site investigations for future engineering projects. This study aims to digitalise ground investigation data in Hong Kong, develop easy-to-use tools for 3-D borehole management and visualisation, and eventually establish 3-D geological models for Hong Kong. The modelling capabilities include geological data retrieval and processing, geological cross-section creation, fence diagrams and 3-D model construction. With approximate 90,000 boreholes processed, 3-D virtual boreholes can be created and managed using ArcGIS Pro. Further, cross-sectional diagrams, fence diagrams and 3-D models can be created and presented. The 3-D geological model established shows the complexity of Hong Kong geological formation layers. Building a 3-D geological model based on machine learning or artificial intelligence is proved to be a feasible way to provide an accurate evaluation of soil layering. The interpreted cross-sections and constructed fence diagrams help engineers and geologists to better understand the complicated sub-surface profiles in a 3-D way, and provide estimates of the volumes of different types of soil locally. The 3-D model will become a design tool for future city and infrastructure planning and constructions.
Applications of Myostatin in Poultry and Aquaculture - A Review
Authors: Shoyombo Ayoola John , Abdulmojeed Yakubu , Alabi Olubunmi Olayinka , Popoola Mustapha Ayodele , Okon Ekemini Moses , Arije Damilare Olaniyi
Published: September 2022

Polymorphism is an important component of animal genetic improvement. As a result, myostatin gene is largely involved in muscle formation and growth and is a great candidate gene for increased growth of muscle in animals. Myostatin negates the growth of muscle cells and is found across species. Literature shows various applications and importance of myostatin in poultry and aquaculture production. In poultry, variations in the myostatin gene have been linked to growth characteristics. In aquaculture, myostatin influences the enhancement of the muscle tissues of fish. Besides, myostatin plays a role in increasing the lipid content of muscle, lowering circulating glucose levels, and hepatosomatic index in fish. Studies on zebrafish as a model species have confirmed myostatin involvement in the muscle development of fish. Its expression is not limited to skeletal muscle but also occurs in the liver, brain, and other organs. In the myostatin-b-deficient zebrafish, the size of visceral adipose tissues shrank, and more lipids have been observed to accumulate in skeletal muscle than in wild-type fish. The inhibition or complete depletion of functional myostatin is known to cause the “double-muscled” in several cattle breeds and similar traits in other species. However, the “double-muscled” animals have captured the attention of breeders and researchers due to the enhanced muscular tissues; associated with productivity issues. For instance, the effect of myostatin inhibition has been associated with egg production. When compared to wild-type, myostatin homozygous mutant birds had a significantly delayed commencement of egg production in layers. It is therefore imperative to increase the knowledge of myostatin molecular genetics and bioactivity in various tissues in the poultry and aquaculture sector. This will enable improved productivity and enhanced contribution of animal-sourced proteins from both sectors of animal production.
Properties and Types of Superconductors
Authors: Hasan M.S.
Published: September 2022

The disappearing of electrical resistance below the critical temperature (Tc) is known as superconductivity discovered by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911. Superconductors are consisted of two categories namely type I and type II also called soft and hard superconductors, respectively. Type I superconductors obey the Meissner effect while type II superconductors do not. The superconducting compounds are divided into three categories, (i) Metal based systems, (ii) Copper oxides (cuprates) and (iii) Iron based superconductors (IBSC). Metal-based superconductors are combination of cubic crystal configuration named the A15 structure. Initial IBSC was revealed in 2006 for LaFePO; nevertheless, Tc stayed as small as ~4 K. High-Tc compounds were then expressed for LaFeAsO1–xFx by means of Tc = 26 K in 2008. Superconductors have considerable positions in the lower temperature magnet applications such as MRI, nuclear magnetic resonance and superconducting quantum interference.
New Insight in the Structure-properties Relationship of Hydroxypropyl Cellulose
Authors:   Uliege, Cremer Gilles , Van Hoed Vera ,   Puratos Group, Danthine Sabine ,   University of Liège Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Dombree Anne ,   Puratos Group, Laveaux Anne-Sophie ,   Puratos Group, Blecker Christophe ,   University of Liège - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech
Published: September 2022

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a semi-synthetic polymer that results from the hydroxypropylation of hydroxyl groups of the repeating glucose units that form the cellulose backbone. The grafting of hydroxypropyl substituents provides the molecule with good surface properties. The resulting water-soluble polymer has many applications, mainly in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Due to the flexibility of its manufacturing process, HPC can be obtained in different commercial grades, each characterized by its molecular weight and viscosity. It has already been reported in the past that differences in functionality can occur even between theoretically similar products. Some research groups had already drawn attention to the fact that compendial specifications provided by suppliers were too broad to allow an accurate description of the molecular state of the HPC. This results in some cases in the impossibility to guarantee the same functionality even for products of the same grade. This work studied different HPC of the same commercial grades and provides new insights into the influence of the structure on the techno-functional properties of HPC. Surface properties, rheology, and thermal behavior have been studied. Different complementary surface tension analysis methods were used to determine the surface properties. Equilibrium surface tension of 0.2% w:w HPC aqueous solutions varied from 40-44 mN/m (20°C). Differences in viscosity and cloud point were also observed. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance allowed to determine the degree of substitution and gain information about structure, which were later related to the differences in properties. The results show that the degrees of substitution and the heterogeneity of distribution of substituents along the polymer chain have a great impact on surface-properties, rheological, and thermal behavior of the samples. These results have great significance for applications in emulsions and foams.
Characterization of Organophilic Clays for Their Application in Cosmetic Formulations (hectorite)
Authors:   Belcorp, Garcia Johnbrynner , Ortega Angelica Maria ,   Belcorp, Perez Jesus Guillermo ,   Belcorp, Martinez Daniela ,   FIRP Laboratory, Guevara Mairis ,   FIRP Laboratory, University of Los Andes, Bullon Johnny ,   FIRP Laboratory, Forgiarini Ana ,   FIRP Laboratory, Universidad de Los Andes
Published: September 2022

"Hectorite is a mineral of the phyllosilicate group based on layered clay, known as smectite. Among these phyllosilicates are montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite and hectorite. Organophilic clays are obtained by exchanging sodium cations with a cationic surfactant, such as quaternary ammonium-type surfactants. The main function of hectorite, as an ingredient in cosmetics, is as gelling/thickening agent, preventing the oil’s separation in the formulation and producing the suspension of pigments and other components. The great stability of these formulations is mainly due to an increased viscosity of the oily phase and in addition, it provides the product with spreadability. Among the cosmetic products that contain it are: cosmetic bases, masks, and in general, morphologies of the water-in-oil type or suspension of solids in oily bases. In this study, the swelling capacity, the rheological behavior and the phase diagram for hectorite/polar activator/isoparaffin systems for different hectorite/polar activator ratios are presented. Through the rheological study and the construction of the activator concentration map as a function of the amount of hectorite, the areas of colloidal solution, gel and gel with solid consistency are shown, as well as the transition line from colloidal solution to gel."
A New Approach for Reducing Virtual Reality Sickness in Real Time: Design and Validation Study
Authors: Won JuHye , Kim Yoon Sang
Published: September 2022

Background

Recently, technology that provides virtual reality (VR) content based on streaming services has been rapidly developed. However, there have been few studies to reduce VR sickness that occurs while the user watches VR content while wearing a head-mounted display (HMD) in real time.

Objective

Based on this background, we propose a new approach to measure and reduce VR sickness that occurs while the user watches VR content while wearing an HMD in real time.

Methods

The proposed approach is to apply VR sickness reduction methods in accordance with the user’s real-time VR sickness level. Three methods that are known to be effective in reducing VR sickness and a single type of VR content were used to examine the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which was confirmed by the experimental results.

Results

Our results show that VR sickness significantly decreased when a new approach was applied to VR content (in all cases, P<.05).

Conclusions

From our results, it was confirmed that VR sickness could be measured without wearing additional equipment, and its reduction method could be applied in real time in accordance with the user’s condition by the proposed approach in this paper.
Motivational design for web-based instruction in health professions education: Protocol for a systematic review and directed content analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Gavarkovs Adam , Kusurkar Rashmi A. , Kulasegaram Kulamakan , Crukley Jeff , Miller Erin , Anderson Melanie , Brydges Ryan
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Web-based instruction plays an essential role in health professions education (HPE) by facilitating learners’ interactions with educational content, teachers, peers, and patients when they would not be feasible in person. Within the unsupervised settings where web-based instruction is often delivered, learners must effectively self-regulate their learning to be successful. Effective self-regulation places heavy demands on learners’ motivation, so effective web-based instruction must be designed to instigate and maintain learners’ motivation to learn. Models of motivational design integrate theories of motivation with design strategies intended create the conditions for motivated engagement. Teachers can use such models to develop their procedural and conceptual knowledge in ways that help them to design motivating instruction in messy real-world contexts. Studies such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and other quasi-experimental designs that compare different motivational design strategies play a critical role in advancing models of motivational design. Synthesizing the evidence from those studies can identify effective strategies and help teachers and researchers understand the mechanisms governing why strategies work, for whom, and under what circumstances.

OBJECTIVE

The planned review aims to analyze how studies comparing motivational design strategies for web-based instruction in HPE support and advance of models of motivational design by: (1) controlling for established risks to internal validity, (2) leveraging authentic educational contexts to afford ecological validity, (3) drawing on established theories of motivation, (4) investigating a wide breadth of motivational constructs, and (5) analyzing mediators and moderators of strategy effects.

METHODS

The planned review will utilize database searching, registry searching, and hand searching to identify studies comparing motivational design strategies for web-based instruction, delivered to learners in HPE. Studies will be considered from 1990 onwards. Two team members will independently screen studies and extract data from included studies. During extraction, we will record information on the design characteristics of studies, the theories of motivation they are informed by, the motivational constructs they target, and the mediators and moderators they consider.

RESULTS

We have executed our database searches and have begun screening titles and abstracts.

CONCLUSIONS

By appraising the characteristics of studies that have focused on the motivational design of web-based instruction in HPE, the planned review will produce recommendations that will ensure impactful programs of future research in this crucial educational space.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO #CRD42022359521
Patient Experiences With Virtual Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Phenomenological Focus Group Study (Preprint)
Authors: Curran Vernon R , Hollett Ann , Peddle Emily
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND

Virtual care has expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic and enabled greater access and continuity of care for many patients. From a patient-oriented research perspective, understanding the patient experience with virtual care appointments is an important first step in identifying ways to better support patient use and satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this qualitative study was (1) to explore patients’ experiences and perspectives with the adoption and use of virtual care during COVID-19 in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, and (2) identify the education and informational needs of patients to inform future strategies for supporting patient use of virtual care.

METHODS

Using a phenomenological approach, we conducted a focus group interview with a purposive sample of patient representatives representing a cross-section of the population of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Five patient representatives were recruited from the Newfoundland and Labrador Support Patient Advisory Council and participated in the focus group. The focus group was conducted in February 2022 via videoconferencing technology. Using thematic analysis, we identified several recurrent themes that described respondents’ experiences with the use of virtual care during COVID-19, as well as their perceptions of education and informational needs to support more effective patient use of virtual care.

RESULTS

Respondents felt that virtual care is a beneficial addition to the health care system, enabling greater convenience and access to health care services. Key barriers and challenges in adopting and using virtual care appear to primarily arise from patients’ lack of knowledge, understanding, and familiarity with respect to virtual care. Cost, technological access, connectivity, and low digital literacy were challenges for some patients, particularly in rural communities and among older patient population. Patient education and support were critical and needed to be inclusive, easy to understand, and include information regarding privacy, security, consent, and the technology itself. The types of patient education experiences regarded as most helpful included peer support and knowledge sharing among patients themselves.

CONCLUSIONS

Beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual care will have a continuing role in enhancing the continuity of care for patients through more convenient access. The education and informational needs of patients are important considerations in promoting the adoption and use of virtual care. Key education and informational needs and strategies were identified to enable and empower patients with the knowledge, digital literacy skills, and support to effectively use virtual care.

CLINICALTRIAL
Kinetic Study of the Leaching of Iraqi Akashat Phosphate Ore Using Lactic Acid
Authors: Eisa Mohammed Y. , Abdulmajeed Basma A. , Hawee C. K.
Published: September 2022

In the present work, a kinetic study was performed to the extraction of phosphate from Iraqi Akashat phosphate ore using organic acid. Leaching was studied using lactic acid for the separation of calcareous materials (mainly calcite). Reaction conditions were 2% by weight acid concentration and 5ml/gm of acid volume to ore weight ratio. Reaction time was taken in the range 2 to 30 minutes (step 2 minutes) to determine the reaction rate constant k based on the change in calcite concentration. To determine value of activation energy when reaction temperature is varied from 25 to 65 , another investigation was accomplished. Through the kinetic data, it was found that selective leaching was controlled by surface chemical reaction. The study showed that the reaction kinetics was specifically described by the shrinking core model (SCM). Regression analyses gave values of activation energy (Ea) and Arrhenius constant (ko) as 40.108 KJ/mole and (2.256 103 sec-1) respectively.
Creating Through Points in Linear Function with Parabolic Blends Path by Optimization Method
Authors: Saeed Al-khayyt Saad Zaghlul
Published: September 2022

The linear segment with parabolic blend (LSPB) trajectory deviates from the specified waypoints. It is restricted to that the acceleration must be sufficiently high. In this work, it is proposed to engage modified LSPB trajectory with particle swarm optimization (PSO) so as to create through points on the trajectory. The assumption of normal LSPB method that parabolic part is centered in time around waypoints is replaced by proposed coefficients for calculating the time duration of the linear part. These coefficients are functions of velocities between through points. The velocities are obtained by PSO so as to force the LSPB trajectory passing exactly through the specified path points. Also, relations for velocity correction and exact velocity solution are derived. Simulation results show that the engagement of modified LSPB trajectory with PSO to work well on the tested cases. This proposed method is very simple which can be used for on-line path planning, and not necessarily to use high acceleration magnitude.
Digital Financial Investment in Digital Currencies Risks and Impact on the Profitability of Financial Companies
Authors: Hussein Ahmad Jabbar
Published: September 2022

None
The Edinburgh Open Research Roadmap
Authors: Tate Dominic
Published: September 2022

The Edinburgh Open Research Roadmap will steer the university towards embedding Open Research as the “new normal”.
Method for calculating the integral mobility index of wheeled all-terrain vehicles based on the multi-criteria optimization method
Authors:   Nizhny Novgorod state technical university n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Mazunova Larisa , Belyakov Vladimir ,   Nizhny Novgorod state technical university n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Erofeeva Larisa ,   Nizhny Novgorod state technical university n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Makarov Vladimir ,   Nizhny Novgorod state technical university n.a. R.E. Alekseev, Bushueva Marina ,   Nizhny Novgorod state technical university n.a. R.E. Alekseev
Published: September 2022

Among the existing variety the problem of comparison of several samples of automotive equipment capable of performing their functions under certain conditions and under the specified operating conditions often arises, and, consequently, the problem of choice of the optimal design solution. This entails the need to develop a methodology for assessing the quality, which would make it possible for each sample under consideration to match a quantitative indicator displaying its operational properties and functionality. In this study, the authors set themselves the following goal — developing a universal methodic that allows to calculate the mobility index of automotive equipment considering only the structural features, that is, in the conditions of their operation on a solid road surface without taking into account the conditions of rough terrain. Based on analytical data displaying the technical characteristics of the machines, such as speed, braking and traction properties, controllability and maneuverability, stability, smoothness, patency, etc. empirical criteria are constructed, then the simplest indicators are aggregated into integral one, taking into account the weight of their contribution to the mobility indicator. Using the obtained methodology, the mobility indicators for a number of models of wheeled all-terrain vehicles were calculated, the ranked vehicle series are given according to this indicator.
POSCO E&C Gang-nam Guryong Village Development Case Study
Authors:   Konkuk Research Institute of Real Estate and Urban Studies, Park Sang-Uk
Published: September 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the situation in which POSCO E&C failed the development project through various conflict situations while promoting the ‘Gang-nam Guryong Village’ urban development project to consider various factors and learn background knowledge related to the development project. POSCO E&C tried to develop Guryong Village, also known as “Potential Site of Gang-nam”, but it has difficulty in the progress of the project due to conflicts between residents and landlords, Gang-nam office and Seoul City Hall over the development method. In this situation, I would like to discuss what method would POSCO E&C to minimize the loss from the project and could have been considered. The purpose of this study is to consider basic questions such as “how to receive funds for the project?” and “how to proceed the project” and to understand background knowledge related to urban development projects such as “Finance through debt financing” and “Project financing (PF)”.
A Comparison Analysis of Efficiency between Construction Firms
Authors:   Konkuk Research Institute of Real Estate and Urban Studies, Kim Hee-Sun , Lee Hyun-Seok
Published: September 2022

This study aims to compare the management efficiency of classified domestic construction firm to each categories by company sale scale, and sale type. In particular, the characteristics of contract-oriented construction firms with high construction sales and development-oriented construction firms with high parcel-out sales are compared and analyzed. We use the financial statement values for 10 years from 2011 to 2020 for companies registered with the Korea Construction Association, and compare the management efficiency of construction firms through the absolute efficiency (Dupont) and the relative efficiency (DEA) analysis.
According to the research results, first, it is found that contract-oriented construction firms show a trend in management efficiency similar to the average of all construction firms, but development-oriented construction firms continue to maintain high management efficiency throughout the study period. Second, as for absolute management efficiency, developmentoriented construction firm show high return on equity. This is attributable to the relatively high net profit margin on assets and net profit on sales, and the cost of sales, SG&A expenses, and non-operating expenses are lower than contract-oriented construction firms.
Third, relative management efficiency also shows that development-oriented construction firms show higher management efficiency compare to contract-oriented construction firms. It is analyzed that development-oriented firm have higher management efficiency than contractoriented construction firm because they have a low cost ratio and non-operating expenses.
As a result, it is found that, similar to all construction firms, the management efficiency of contract construction companies changes according to changes in the construction industry, but development-oriented construction firms consistently show high return on capital and net profit efficiency.
சித்த மருத்துவ நூல்களில் கிடைக்கும் இட்டலி பற்றிய தமிழிலக்கியச் சான்றுகள்
Authors: Saravanan Dr.S.
Published: September 2022

ஆய்வுச் சுருக்கம் இந்தியாவில் இட்டலி ஒரு தென்னிந்திய உணவாக வகைப்படுத்தப்படுகிறது. செரிப்பதற்கு எளிமையான இட்டலி சிறந்த காலை உணவாகவும் குழந்தைகளுக்கும் நோயாளிகளுக்கும் ஏற்ற உணவாகவும் சிறப்பிடம் பெற்றுள்ளது. தென்னிந்தியா முழுவதும் இட்டலி பரவலாக வழக்கிலிருந்தாலும் தமிழர்கள் இட்டலியை தமிழ்நாட்டிற்கே உரிய உணவாகக் கருதுகின்றனர். 12 முதல் 17ஆம் நூற்றாண்டுகளுக்கு இடைப்பட்ட காலத்தினைச் சேர்ந்த சித்த மருத்துவ நூல்களில் இட்டலி பற்றிய குறிப்புகள் கிடைக்கின்றன. சித்த மருத்துவ நூல்கள் தமிழக வரலாற்று ஆய்வில் மிகச்சிறிய அளவே கருத்தில் கொள்ளப்படுகின்றன. தமிழக வரலாற்று ஆய்விற்கு சித்த மருத்துவ நூல்களும் துணை புரியும் என்ற கருத்தை நிலைநாட்டும் விதமாக இக்கட்டுரையில் சித்த மருத்துவ நூல்களில் கிடைக்கும் இட்டலி பற்றிய குறிப்புகள் விவாதிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. தமிழகத்தில் இட்லி / இட்டிலி என மருவிவிட்ட சொல்லை யாழ்ப்பாணத்தில் இன்றும் இட்டளி என்றே வழங்குகின்றனர் (பக்தவத்சல பாரதி, 2014, p.30). இக்கட்டுரையில் சித்த மருத்துவ நூல்களில் வழங்கப்படும் இட்டலி என்ற பதமே பயன்படுத்தப்பட்டுள்ளது.
கவிஞர் முத்துப்பாண்டியனின் ‘திருந்தினாரில்லை’ புதுக்கவிதையில் காட்டப்படும் சமூகவியல் கருத்துகள்: ஓர் ஆய்வு (Sociological Ideas Displayed in the Poem ‘Thirunthinarillai’ by Poet Muthupandian: A Study)
Authors: Maraya Dr. Ravindaran , Silllalee Dr K. , Kannappan Ashwini
Published: September 2022

ஆய்வுச் சுருக்கம் இவ்வாய்வுக் கட்டுரையானது கவிஞர் முத்துப்பாண்டியனின் ‘பாண்டி முத்துகள்’ என்ற கவிதைத் தொகுப்பில் இடம்பெற்ற ‘திருந்தினாரில்லை’ என்ற புதுக்கவிதையை மைமாகக் கொண்டுள்ளது. ‘திருந்தினாரில்லை’ என்ற புதுக்கவிதையில் காட்டப்படும் சமூகவியல் கருத்துகளைச் சமுதாயச் சிக்கல் மற்றும் சமுதாயச் சிந்தனைகள் என்ற கூறுகள் அடிப்படையில் சமக்கால சமுதாயத்தில் ஆராய்வது இவ்வாய்வின் முதன்மை நோக்கமாக விளங்குகிறது. 'திருந்தினரில்லை' என்ற புதுக்கவிதையில் கற்றவர்களிடையே பண்பும் பக்குவமற்ற நிலைப்பாடு, முயற்சியற்று விளங்கும் சமுதாயம், சமூகத்தின்மீது பற்றுதலற்று இருத்தல், தமிழைப் போற்றா நிலை, பகுத்தாராயும் தன்மையற்று விளங்குதல், சமூகத்தில் ஒற்றுமையற்ற நிலைப்பாடு, சாதிய ஏற்றத்தாழ்வு ஆகியச் ஏழு முதன்மை சமூகவியல் கருத்துகளை ஆய்வின் வாயிலாக கண்டறியப்பட்டுள்ளது.
தமிழ் படத்தில் ஆண் பார்வையும் கதாநாயகிகளின் பின்னணிக் குரலும் (Male Gazes and Heroines’ Dubbed Voices in Tamil Movies)
Authors: Karupiah Dr. Premalatha
Published: September 2022

ஆய்வுச் சுருக்கம் இக்கட்டுரை கதாநாயகிகளின் பின்னணிக் குரல் பயன்பாட்டை ஆராய்கிறது. தமிழ் திரையுலகில் இந்த வழக்கம் சுமார் 40 ஆண்டுகளாக நடைமுறையில் இருக்கிறது. பின்னணிக் குரல் தமிழ் பேசத் தெரியாத கதாநாயகிகளுக்கு மட்டும் பயன்படுத்தப் படுவதில்லை, பல சமயங்களில் தமிழ் சரளமாக பேசத் தெரிந்தவர்கள் கூட பின்னணிக் குரலை பயன்படுத்துகிறார்கள். கதாநாயகனாக நடிக்கும் நடிகர்கள் பெரும்பாலும் தங்களின் சொந்த குரலையே பயன்படுத்துகிறார்கள். இது அவர்களின் தனித்துவத்தை உறுதிப் படுத்துகிறது. ஆண் பார்வைக்காக உருவாக்கப் பட்ட பெண் கதாப்பாத்திரங்களில், ஒரு பெண்ணின் தோற்றமும், கவர்ச்சியும் முக்கியமாக கருதப்படுகிறது. அதனால் அவர்களின் குரலுக்கு முக்கியத்துவம் கொடுக்கப்படுவதில்லை.
அரபு, தமிழ் மொழிகளில் காணப்படும் ஆகுபெயர்: ஓர் ஒப்பீட்டாய்வு (The Trope Between Arabic and Tamil Languages: A Contrastive Study)
Authors: Mahsoom M.R.M , Hafees M.S.M , Begam A.N Fasila
Published: September 2022

ஆய்வுச் சுருக்கம் திராவிட மொழிக் குடும்பத்தைச் சேர்ந்த தமிழ் மற்றும் செமித்திய மொழிக் குடும்பத்தைச் சேர்ந்த அரபு ஆகிய மொழிகளில் காணப்படும் ஆகுபெயர் இலக்கண விதிகளை இவ்வாய்வு ஒப்பிட்டு ஆராய்கின்றது. ஆகு பெயர் எனப்படுவது ஒன்றினது இயற்பெயர் அதனோடு தொடர்புடைய வேறொன்றுக்கு ஆகிவருவதாகும். இக்கருத்தியலை அரபு மொழியானது மஜாஸ் என்ற பிரயோகத்தால் அறிமுகப்படுத்துகின்றது. இவ்விரு மொழிகளிலும் காணப்படும் ஆகுபெயரை ஒப்பிட்டு அவற்றுக்கிடையிலான ஒற்றுமை வேற்றுமைகளைக் கண்டறிந்துள்ளது என்ற வகையில், இந்த ஆய்வானது குறித்த தலைப்பு ரீதியாக காணப்படும் ஆய்வுப் பற்றாக்குறையை நிவர்த்தி செய்துள்ளது. அரபு மொழியில் மஜாஸ் குறித்து முன்வைக்கப்பட்டுள்ள வரைவிலக்கணத்தில் குறித்த ஒரு சொல், இடைத்தொடர்பு மற்றும் குறிகாட்டிகள் ஆகிய மூன்று பிரதான அம்சங்களிலும் முதலிரண்டினையும் வெளிப்படையாக தமிழ் மொழியும் கையாண்டுள்ள போதிலும், குறிகாட்டிகள் என்ற அலகானது வெளிப்படையாக கலந்துரையாடப்படாத போதிலும் உதாரணங்களில் அதன் பிரயோகமானது அமைந்துள்ளமையும் பிறிதொரு கண்டறிதலாகும். அத்துடன் ஒரு குறித்த சொல்ல மாற்றுப் பொருள் கொள்ளும் செயன் முறை இரு மொழிகளுக்கும் பொதுவான ஒர் அம்சமாக அமைந்துள்ள அதேவேளை, அரபு மொழியானது தனிஅலகாக விவாதிக்கின்ற குறித்த வினையின் எழுவாயைத் தவிர்த்து வேறு ஒருவரை எழுவாயாக சித்தரிக்கும் செயன்முறை தமிழ் மொழியில் தனி விதியாக பேசப்படாத போதிலும் அதன் உதாரணங்களில் பரவலாக இழையோடியிருப்பதையும் கண்டு கொள்ள முடிந்தது. இரு மொழிகளும் தமக்கேயுரிய தனித்துவமான சில வகைப்பாடுகளைக் கொண்டிருந்த போதிலும், பிரதான வகைப்பாடுகளில் இரு மொழிகளுக்கிடையில் ஒத்த தன்மையை அடையாளப்படுத்த முடிந்தது. மூல மொழி கருத்தியல்களை முறையாக அறிந்து கொள்வதன் மூலமே இலக்கு மொழி கருத்தியல்களை இலகுவாக புரிந்து கொள்ள முடியும் என்ற வகையில் தமிழ் மொழியைத் தாய் மொழியாகக் கொண்டுஇ இலக்கு மொழியாக அரபு மொழியைக் கற்பவர்களுக்கு இந்த ஆய்வு பயன்மிக்கதாக அமையும் என்பது ஆய்வாளர்களது எதிர்பார்ப்பாகும்.
OS DESAFIOS DO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA EM UM CENÁRIO PANDÊMICO
Authors: Malaguti Daniela Aparecida Araujo Alves , Rodrigues Adriane Martins Couto , Lima Diógenes Cândido de
Published: September 2022

No cenário pandêmico da COVID-19 surgiram novas formas de trabalhar, estudar e viver em sociedade. Na Educação, os impactos da pandemia causaram adaptações e reinvenções. Diante disso, esse artigo objetivou analisar e refletir criticamente as possibilidades, bem como, os obstáculos que os alunos, pais e profissionais da área têm enfrentado. Foi percebido que, nesse contexto pandêmico, a Escola precisa de políticas públicas capazes de mitigar todo o impacto causado, sendo necessário remodelar o currículo vigente de modo a atender as necessidades de alunos, professores e demais demandas atuais.
ENSINO DE ESPANHOL PARA ESTUDANTES BRASILEIROS DE FORMA REMOTA E O PAPEL DAS ESTRATÉGIAS COMUNICATIVAS
Authors: Silva Gomes Aline
Published: September 2022

Com o advento da pandemia de Covid-19, diferentes instituições no Brasil e no mundo passaram a colocar em prática, de modo mais intenso, o ensino remoto. Essa solução temporária, que tem como principal recurso a internet, vem sendo  adotada  para dar prosseguimento às atividades pedagógicas em diversos contextos. Visando contribuir nesta discussão, neste texto temos o objetivo de discorrer sobre o papel das estratégias de comunicação na aprendizagem de Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira (ELE) bem como destacar a importância da expressão corporal no ensino remoto. Neste trabalho, apresentamos três atividades pedagógicas desenvolvidas com o intuito de auxiliar um grupo de estudantes de espanhol a aprimorar a expressão oral no que tange à pronúncia e ao uso das estratégias de comunicação nesse idioma. Para elaborar as tarefas, utilizamos dois aplicativos: Whatsapp e Anchor. Como resultado, observamos uma mudança de comportamento da turma no ambiente de sala de aula virtual; os alunos mais reservados passaram a abrir a câmera e o microfone e as participações se tornaram mais ativas e espontâneas.
"CARTAS A UMA NEGRA" QUE SE DESENVOLVE A PARTIR DO OLHAR SOBRE "QUARTO DE DESPEJO"
Authors: Oliveira Larissa Emanuele da Silva Rodrigues de , Almeida Lucélia de Sousa
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho se propõe a identificar quais são os pontos de convergência entre as obras Cartas a uma negra, de Françoise Ega, e Quarto de despejo, de Carolina Maria de Jesus, através dos respectivos processos de escrita. Para tanto, utiliza-se o conceito “Amefricanidade”, de Lélia Gonzalez, como ponto de convergência entre as autoras. Ao analisar diversos fragmentos das obras já citadas, compreende-se que as escritoras transitam entre a ficção e a realidade empírica, de modo que transpõem a representação desta última para as suas narrativas, o que contribui para a compreensão de suas escritas como um espaço subjetivo. O aporte teórico utilizado consiste nos trabalhos de Bakhtin (2002; 2010); Benjamin (1994); Calvino (2009); Certeau (1998), entre outros autores.