bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Scorched Earth: how will changes in the strength of the vegetation sink to ozone deposition affect human health and ecosystems?
Authors: Emberson L. D. , Kitwiroon N. , Beevers S. , Büker P. , Cinderby S.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. This study investigates the effect of ozone (O3) deposition on ground level O3 concentrations and subsequent human health and ecosystem risk under hot summer "heat wave" type meteorological events. Under such conditions, extended drought can effectively "turn off" the O3 vegetation sink leading to a substantial increase in ground level O3 concentrations. Two models that have been used for human health (the CMAQ chemical transport model) and ecosystem (the DO3SE O3 deposition model) risk assessment are combined to provide a powerful policy tool capable of novel integrated assessments of O3 risk using methods endorsed by the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. This study investigates 2006, a particularly hot and dry year during which a heat wave occurred over the summer across much of the UK and Europe. To understand the influence of variable O3 dry deposition three different simulations were investigated during June and July: (i) actual conditions in 2006, (ii) conditions that assume a perfect vegetation sink for O3 deposition and (iii) conditions that assume an extended drought period that reduces the vegetation sink to a minimum. The risks of O3 to human health, assessed by estimating the number of days during which running 8 h mean O3 concentrations exceeded 100 μg m−3, show that on average across the UK, there is a difference of 16 days exceedance of the threshold between the perfect sink and drought conditions. These average results hide local variation with exceedances between these two scenarios reaching as high as 20 days in the East Midlands and eastern UK. Estimates of acute exposure effects show that O3 removed from the atmosphere through dry deposition during the June and July period would have been responsible for approximately 460 premature deaths. Conversely, reduced O3 dry deposition will decrease the amount of O3 taken up by vegetation and, according to flux-based assessments of vegetation damage, will lead to a reduction in the impact of O3 on vegetation across the UK. The new CMAQ-DO3SE model was evaluated by comparing observation vs. modelled estimates of various health related metrics with data from both urban and rural sites across the UK; although these comparisons showed reasonable agreement there were some biases in the model predictions with attributable deaths at urban sites being over predicted by a small margin, the converse was true for rural sites. The study emphasises the importance of accurate estimates of O3 deposition both for human health and ecosystem risk assessments. Extended periods of drought and heat wave type conditions are likely to occur with more frequency in coming decades, therefore understanding the importance of these effects will be crucial to inform the development of appropriate national and international policy to mitigate against the worst consequences of this air pollutant.
Retrieving simulated volcanic, desert dust and sea-salt particle properties from two/three-component particle mixtures using UV-VIS polarization lidar and T matrix
Authors: David G. , Thomas B. , Nousiainen T. , Miffre A. , Rairoux P.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. During transport by advection, atmospheric nonspherical particles, such as volcanic ash, desert dust or sea-salt particles experience several chemical and physical processes, leading to a complex vertical atmospheric layering at remote sites where intrusion episodes occur. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed to analyse this complex vertical layering in the case of a two/three-component particle external mixtures. This methodology relies on an analysis of the spectral and polarization properties of the light backscattered by atmospheric particles. It is based on combining a sensitive and accurate UV-VIS polarization lidar experiment with T-matrix numerical simulations and air mass back trajectories. The Lyon UV-VIS polarization lidar is used to efficiently partition the particle mixture into its nonspherical components, while the T-matrix method is used for simulating the backscattering and depolarization properties of nonspherical volcanic ash, desert dust and sea-salt particles. It is shown that the particle mixtures' depolarization ratio δ p differs from the nonspherical particles' depolarization ratio δns due to the presence of spherical particles in the mixture. Hence, after identifying a tracer for nonspherical particles, particle backscattering coefficients specific to each nonspherical component can be retrieved in a two-component external mixture. For three-component mixtures, the spectral properties of light must in addition be exploited by using a dual-wavelength polarization lidar. Hence, for the first time, in a three-component external mixture, the nonsphericity of each particle is taken into account in a so-called 2β + 2δ formalism. Applications of this new methodology are then demonstrated in two case studies carried out in Lyon, France, related to the mixing of Eyjafjallajökull volcanic ash with sulfate particles (case of a two-component mixture) and to the mixing of dust with sea-salt and water-soluble particles (case of a three-component mixture). This new methodology, which is able to provide separate vertical profiles of backscattering coefficient for mixed atmospheric dust, sea-salt and water-soluble particles, may be useful for accurate radiative forcing assessments.
Improving the representation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the MOZART-4 global chemical transport model
Authors: Mahmud A. , Barsanti K.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) module in the Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) was updated by replacing existing two-product (2p) parameters with those obtained from two-product volatility basis set (2p-VBS) fits (MZ4-C1), and by treating SOA formation from the following additional volatile organic compounds (VOCs): isoprene, propene and lumped alkenes (MZ4-C2). Strong seasonal and spatial variations in global SOA distributions were demonstrated, with significant differences in the predicted concentrations between the base case and updated model simulations. Updates to the model resulted in significant increases in annual average SOA mass concentrations, particularly for the MZ4-C2 simulation in which the additional SOA precursor VOCs were treated. Annual average SOA concentrations predicted by the MZ4-C2 simulation were 1.00 ± 1.04 μg m−3 in South America, 1.57 ± 1.88 μg m−3 in Indonesia, 0.37 ± 0.27 μg m−3 in the USA, and 0.47 ± 0.29 μg m−3 in Europe with corresponding increases of 178, 406, 311 and 292% over the base-case simulation, respectively, primarily due to inclusion of isoprene. The increases in predicted SOA mass concentrations resulted in corresponding increases in SOA contributions to annual average total aerosol optical depth (AOD) by ~ 1–6%. Estimated global SOA production was 5.8, 6.6 and 19.1 Tg yr−1 with corresponding burdens of 0.22, 0.24 and 0.59 Tg for the base-case, MZ4-C1 and MZ4-C2 simulations, respectively. The predicted SOA budgets fell well within reported ranges for comparable modeling studies, 6.7 to 96 Tg yr−1, but were lower than recently reported observationally constrained values, 50 to 380 Tg yr−1. For MZ4-C2, simulated SOA concentrations at the surface also were in reasonable agreement with comparable modeling studies and observations. Total organic aerosol (OA) mass concentrations at the surface, however, were slightly over-predicted in Europe, Amazonian regions and Malaysian Borneo (Southeast Asia) during certain months of the year, and under-predicted in most sites in Asia; relative to those regions, the model performed better for sites in North America. Overall, with the inclusion of additional SOA precursors (MZ4-C2), namely isoprene, MOZART-4 showed consistently better skill (NMB (normalized mean bias) of −11 vs. −26%) in predicting total OA levels and spatial distributions of SOA as compared with unmodified MOZART-4. Treatment of SOA formation by these known precursors (isoprene, propene and lumped alkenes) may be particularly important when MOZART-4 output is used to generate boundary conditions for regional air quality simulations that require more accurate representation of SOA concentrations and distributions.
A hybrid Eulerian Lagrangian numerical scheme for solving prognostic equations in fluid dynamics
Authors: Kaas E. , Sørensen B. , Lauritzen P. H. , Hansen A. B.
Published: July 2013

Abstract. A new hybrid Eulerian Lagrangian numerical scheme (HEL) for solving prognostic equations in fluid dynamics is proposed. The basic idea is to use an Eulerian as well as a fully Lagrangian representation of all prognostic variables. The time step in Lagrangian space is obtained as a translation of irregularly spaced Lagrangian parcels along downstream trajectories. Tendencies due to other physical processes than advection are calculated in Eulerian space, interpolated, and added to the Lagrangian parcel values. A directionally biased mixing amongst neighboring Lagrangian parcels is introduced. The rate of mixing is proportional to the local deformation rate of the flow. The time stepping in Eulerian representation is achieved in two steps: first a mass conserving Eulerian or semi-Lagrangian scheme is used to obtain a provisional forecast. This forecast is then nudged towards target values defined from the irregularly spaced Lagrangian parcel values. The nudging procedure is defined in such a way that mass conservation and shape preservation is ensured in Eulerian space. The HEL scheme has been designed to be accurate, multi-tracer efficient, mass conserving, and shape preserving. In Lagrangian space only physically based mixing takes place, i.e., the problem of artificial numerical mixing is avoided. This property is desirable in atmospheric chemical transport models since spurious numerical mixing can impact chemical concentrations severely. The properties of HEL are here verified in two-dimensional tests. These include deformational passive transport on the sphere, and simulations with a semi-implicit shallow water model including topography.
Research Note: An Analysis of Cruise Ship Impact on Local Hotel Demand — An Event Study in Charleston, South Carolina
Authors: Hefner Frank , McLeod Brumby , Crotts John
Published: July 2013

This study examines cruise passenger demand for hotel accommodation in Charleston, South Carolina, prior to embarkation and after debarkation. The findings reveal that cruise passengers are significant drivers of room night demand around embarkation and debarkation. In addition, cruise passenger demand for room nights was not isolated to non-tourist districts of the greater metropolitan area, suggesting that a cruise from Charleston was coupled with a short vacation. This research is particularly important to destination managers, port authorities, municipalities and other stakeholders as they examine and negotiate the frequency, type and timing of passenger cruise service that provides the most positive benefit for the community.
Adverse Effects Associated with Protein Intake above the Recommended Dietary Allowance for Adults
Authors: Delimaris Ioannis
Published: July 2013

Background. While high-protein consumption—above the current recommended dietary allowance for adults (RDA: 0.8 g protein/kg body weight/day)—is increasing in popularity, there is a lack of data on its potential adverse effects.Objective. To determine the potential disease risks due to high protein/high meat intake obtained from diet and/or nutritional supplements in humans.Design. Review.Subjects. Healthy adult male and female subjects.Method. In order to identify relevant studies, the electronic databases, Medline and Google Scholar, were searched using the terms:“high protein diet,” “protein overconsumption,” “protein overuse,” and “high meat diet.” Papers not in English were excluded. Further studies were identified by citations in retrieved papers.Results. 32 studies (21 experimental human studies and 11 reviews) were identified. The adverse effects associated with long-term high protein/high meat intake in humans were (a) disorders of bone and calcium homeostasis, (b) disorders of renal function, (c) increased cancer risk, (d) disorders of liver function, and (e) precipitated progression of coronary artery disease.Conclusions. The findings of the present study suggest that there is currently no reasonable scientific basis in the literature to recommend protein consumption above the current RDA (high protein diet) for healthy adults due to its potential disease risks. Further research needs to be carried out in this area, including large randomized controlled trials.
Japanese Encephalitis Virus Generated Neurovirulence, Antigenicity, and Host Immune Responses
Authors: Kant Upadhyay Ravi
Published: July 2013

In response to a JE virus attack, infected body cells start secretion of different cytokines and activate innate immune response. Virus starts neuronal invasion by entering into nerve cells and inflecting the central nervous system. It avoids exposure of body’s natural immunity and generates neurotrophic effects. Virus causes acute susceptibility to CNS and establishes encephalitis syndrome that results in very high fatality in children. In survivors, JEV inhibits the growth and proliferation of NCPs and imposes permanent neuronal disorders like cognitive, motor, and behavioral impairments. However, body cells start TCR mediated interactions, to recognize viral antigens with class I MHC complex on specific target cells, and operate mass killing of virus infected cells by increased CTL activity. Thus, both cell mediated and antibody interactions plays a central role in protection against JEV. In the present review article virus generated neurovirulence, antigenicity, and host immune responses are described in detail. More emphasis is given on diagnosis, clinical care, and active immunization with well-designed potential antiflavivirus vaccines. Further, for achieving an elite success against JEV, global eradication strategies are to be needed for making vaccination program more responsible and effective in endemic areas.
Mobile Robot Exploration by Using Environmental Boundary Information
Authors: Wattanavekin Theeraphol , Ogata Taiki , Hara Tatsunori , Ota Jun
Published: July 2013

We present the method of
exploration using environmental boundary information
for an indoor map generation problem of a mobile robot.
We introduce an exploration method by (i) integration of
the exploration method with Reaction-Diffusion Equation
on a Graph (RDEG) and connected components labeling
and (ii) a replanning framework in updating exploration
plan for the currently obtained sensor information. Our
approach has been implemented in simulation
environments and has been compared with two existing
methods: frontier-based exploration method and zig-zag
method. The results demonstrate the efficiency of our
approach over others. Lastly, the approach was
implemented and tested on an actual robot,
demonstrating its efficiency in a real-world situation.
Aplicação de um modelo SARIMA na previsão de vendas de motocicletas
Authors: Formigoni Carvalho Walter Olga Maria , Henning Elisa , Moro Graciela , Samohyl Robert Wayne
Published: July 2013

A frota nacional de motocicletas sofreu forte expansão na última década. Todavia, em virtude da variação da demanda a que seu mercado está exposto, intensificou-se a necessidade de previsões de vendas mais efetivas que garantam tomadas de decisões estratégicas e alocação de recursos das montadoras. Neste artigo, tem-se como objetivo estudar um modelo de previsão de vendas, baseado na metodologia Box e Jenkins. Foi utilizada a série de vendas mensal dos anos de 2006 a 2010 das motocicletas mais comercializadas no Brasil. O modelo selecionado foi um Autorregressivo Integrado de Média Móvel Sazonal (SARIMA), tendo como critério de escolha os valores do erro percentual absoluto médio, U-Theil e o AIC. Previsões de vendas para o ano de 2011 foram realizadas e comparadas com os valores reais, permitindo concluir que o modelo SARIMA é uma alternativa viável para a série temporal analisada.
Coatings, Marine
Authors: Brady Robert F. , Drisko Richard W. ,   Updated by Staff
Published: July 2013

The marine environment is highly aggressive. Materials in marine service are constantly exposed to water, corrosive salts, strong sunlight, extremes in temperature, mechanical abuse, and chemical pollution in ports. This climate is very severe on ships, buoys, navigational aids, platforms, etc. Marine coatings are the most important, cost‐effective means to preserve steel and other metals in the marine environment. A corrosion control plan is a major factor in protecting marine equipment and vessels. Local environmental regulations have significantly affected the production, transportation, use, and disposal of coatings. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), heavy metal pigments, organotins, etc, are some of the concerns. Coatings for marine use fall into the categories of epoxies, urethanes, alkyds, inorganic silicate coatings, vinyls, chlorinated rubber, coal tar, and powder coatings. Selection of coatings for specific use such as hulls, tanks, weather decks etc is discussed
Lanthanides
Authors: Bünzli Jean‐Claude G.
Published: July 2013

Lanthanide elements (Ln: La‐Lu; 57–71) belong to the rare‐earth series of elements (Sc, Y, and Ln). They present specific chemical, optical, and magnetic properties that are a consequence of their peculiar electronic structure. Although used in small quantities (about 120,000 tons equivalent rare‐earth oxides per year worldwide), they have become essential to almost all aspects of modern life, being the active cores in catalysts for oil cracking, lighting devices, high coercivity magnets used in motorization (electric cars, wind turbines, hard disk drives) or audio applications, lasers and telecommunications, biomedical analyses and imaging, and agriculture. They are classified as strategic materials by the military and several governments. This article describes the resources, mining, processing, commercial aspects, physical and chemical properties, as well as all aspects of applications of these elements and their compounds.
European pliopithecid diets revised in the light of dental microwear inPliopithecus canmatensisandBarberapithecus huerzeleri
Authors: DeMiguel Daniel , Alba David M. , Moyà‐Solà Salvador
Published: July 2013

Pliopithecinae and Crouzeliinae (Primates: Pliopithecidae) are distinguished dentally by the sharper crests, more compressed cusps, larger foveae, and narrower molars of the latter. Traditionally, such differences were qualitatively related to increased folivory in crouzeliines. This was subsequently disproved by microwear and shearing crest analyses, indicating that all pliopithecids were soft‐fruit eaters, except for the more folivorous crouzeliineBarberapithecus. This seems however at odds with the occlusal morphology of the latter, intermediate between those ofPliopithecusand the more derived crouzeliineAnapithecus. To further assess dietary evolution in this group, we report results of dental microwear for two Iberian pliopithecids:Pliopithecus canmatensis, from several Abocador de Can Mata localities (11.8–11.7 Ma, MN8), andBarberapithecus huerzelerifrom Castell de Barberà (ca. 11.2–10.5 Ma, MN8, or MN9). Contrary to previously published results, our analyses suggest that all pliopithecids, includingBarberapithecus, had a frugivorous diet with a significant sclerocarpic component—apparently more marked in some pliopithecines (such asP. canmatensis) than in the crouzeliineAnapithecus. If our interpretation is correct, it would mean that, within the framework of a frugivorous diet with some hard‐object feeding, crouzeliine dental evolution would have been driven by selection pressures towards increased soft‐fruit consumption instead of folivory. Dental differences between pliopithecids and hominoids with a significant sclerocarpic component (i.e., orangutans) might be related to phylogenetic constraints, different food‐processing methods and/or fracture toughness of hard foods consumed. Although additional research would be required, results suggest that dietary niche partitioning played a significant role in the radiation of European pliopithecids. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:573–582, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New craniodental fossils of papionin monkeys from Cooper's D, South Africa
Authors: Folinsbee Kaila E. , Reisz Robert R.
Published: July 2013

Papionin monkey fossils are common in the Plio‐Pleistocene aged karst cave deposits northwest of Johannesburg in South Africa. These deposits have yielded important primate and other vertebrate fauna since their discovery in the early part of the 20th century. In this article, we describe new primate cranial and dental specimens from excavations at the site of Cooper's D in the Sterkfontein Valley that date to around 1.5 million years ago. Unlike other localities in southern Africa, most of the new fossils are referred to Theropithecus oswaldi oswaldi, an extinct gramnivorous monkey related to the living gelada. Diagnostic features of T. o. oswaldi crania and teeth include large, thickly enameled molars with tall, columnar cusps, and high molar relief, an upright mandibular ramus, postorbital constriction, and anterior fusion of temporal lines. Also present in the new sample are teeth referred to Papio sp., which show low crowned bunodont molars, and a number of indeterminate papionin teeth and skull fragments. The presence of T. o. oswaldi at Cooper's D extends the list of known localities where the taxon is found, and may indicate the presence of an open, grassland environment in the area during the early Pleistocene. The abundance of theropith fossils at Cooper's suggests that Papio was not consistently the most common papionin in southern Africa over the past three million years. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:613–629, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessment of a novel group‐centered testing schema in an upper‐level undergraduate molecular biotechnology course
Authors: Srougi Melissa C. , Miller Heather B. , Witherow D. Scott , Carson Susan
Published: July 2013

Providing students with assignments that focus on critical thinking is an important part of their scientific and intellectual development. However, as class sizes increase, so does the grading burden, prohibiting many faculty from incorporating critical thinking assignments in the classroom. In an effort to continue to provide our students with meaningful critical thinking exercises, we implemented a novel group‐centered, problem‐based testing scheme. We wanted to assess how performing critical thinking problem sets as group work compares to performing the sets as individual work, in terms of student attitudes and learning outcomes. During two semesters of our recombinant DNA course, students had the same lecture material and similar assessments. In the Fall semester, student learning was assessed by two collaborative take‐home exams, followed immediately by individual, closed‐book in‐class exams on the same content, as well as a final cumulative exam. Student teams on the take‐home exams were instructor‐assigned, and each team turned in one collaborative exam. In the Spring semester, the control group of students were required to turn in their own individual take‐home exams, followed by the in‐class exams and final cumulative exam. For the majority of students, learning outcomes were met, regardless of whether they worked in teams. In addition, collaborative learning was favorably received by students and grading was reduced for instructors. These data suggest that group‐centered, problem‐based learning is a useful model for achievement of student learning outcomes in courses where it would be infeasible to provide feedback on individual critical thinking assignments due to grading volume. © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 41(4):232–241, 2013
Purification and characterization of enzymes from yeast: An extended undergraduate laboratory sequence for large classes
Authors: Johanson Kelly E. , Watt Terry J. , McIntyre Neil R. , Thompson Marleesa
Published: July 2013

Providing a project‐based experience in an undergraduate biochemistry laboratory class can be complex with large class sizes and limited resources. We have designed a 6‐week curriculum during which students purify and characterize the enzymes invertase and phosphatase from bakers yeast. Purification is performed in two stages via ethanol precipitation and anion exchange chromatography, and students perform both direct and coupled enzyme assays. By completion of the experimental series, students are able to identify which enzymes they have purified and have obtained kinetic parameters for one. This experimental series requires minimal instructor preparation time, is cost effective, and works with multiple sections of large groups of students. Students participating in this sequence showed increases in conceptual understanding of biochemical concepts as measured through in‐class assessments and anonymous surveys. © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 41(4):251–261, 2013
Using PCR‐RFLP technology to teach single nucleotide polymorphism for undergraduates
Authors: Zhang Bo , Wang Yan , Xu Xiaofeng , Guan Xingying , Bai Yun
Published: July 2013

Recent studies indicated that the aberrant gene expression of peroxiredoxin‐6 (prdx6) was found in various kinds of cancers. Because of its biochemical function and gene expression pattern in cancer cells, the association between genetic polymorphism of Prdx6 and cancer onset is interesting. In this report, we have developed and implemented a serial experiment in molecular biology laboratory course to teach single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to undergraduate students majoring in molecular biology or genetics. The flanking sequence of rs4382766 was located in Prdx6 gene, which contained a restriction site of SspI, and was used as a target in this lab course. The students could mimic real research by integrating different techniques, such as database retrieving, genomic DNA isolation, PCR, and restriction enzyme assay. This serial experiment of PCR‐RFLP helps students set up intact idea of molecular biology and understand the relation among individual experiments. Students were found to be more enthusiastic during the laboratory classes than those in the former curriculum. © 2013 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 41(4):262–266, 2013
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Intermetallic Yb≈3Pt≈4 Si6‐x (x = 0.3) — A Disordered Variant of the Y3Pt4Ge6‐Type.
Authors: Gribanov Alexander , Rogl Peter , Grytsiv Andriy , Seropegin Yurii , Giester Gerald
Published: July 2013

The title compound is unintentionally obtained by arc melting of the elements in a ratio pertaining to YbPtSi2 with 3 wt.% excess of Yb due to its high volatility.The crystal structure of the novel intermetallic is determined by single crystal XRD (space group P21/m, Z = 2) and found to be a disordered variant of the Y3Pt4Ge6 type characterized by the intergrowth of slabs cut from the ThCr2Si2 and YIrGe2 types of structures.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a White‐Light‐Emitting ZnSe:Mn Nanocrystal via Thermal Decomposition Reaction of Organometallic Precursors.
Authors: Lee Sang‐Min , Hwang Cheong‐Soo
Published: July 2013

The title nanocrystals are prepared from mixtures of Et2Zn, manganese(II) cyclohexabutylate, and elemental Se dispersed in tri‐n‐octylphosphine (Ar, 300 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Enhanced Oxide Ion Conductivity in Stabilized Cubic BaInO2.5 by Mn5+ Doping.
Authors: Sun Yuzeng , Yang Chengxu , Shu Ting , Li Guobao , Liao Fuhui , Lin Jianhua
Published: July 2013

Mn‐doped, room temperature stabilized cubic BaInO2.5 is prepared by solid state reaction of BaCO3, In2O3, and MnCO3 with molar ratios of Ba:In:Mn = 1:(1‐x):x (0.13 ≤ x ≤ 0.33) in Al2O3 crucibles at 1200 °C for 12 h and at 1350 °C for 24 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Electrical Properties of A‐Site Cation Ordered BaErMn2O5 and BaErMn2O6.
Authors: Swierczek Konrad , Klimkowicz Alicja , Zheng Kun , Dabrowski Bogdan
Published: July 2013

BaErMn2O5 is synthesized from the respective nitrates dissolved in a minimal amount of water using the ammonia salt of EDTA as a complexing agent (Ar flow, 1200 °C, 8 h, <95 wt.% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Study of Phase Relationships in the Sr3(PO4)2—CePO4 System. Phase Diagram and Thermal Characteristics of Phases.
Authors: Matraszek Aleksandra
Published: July 2013

Phase equilibria in the title system are characterized by XRD, DTA, DSC, and TGA.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Low Carbon‐Coated Li3V2(PO4)3 Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries.
Authors: Zhang Lu‐Lu , Duan Song , Peng Gang , Liang Gan , Zou Feng , Huang Yun‐Hui
Published: July 2013

Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite is prepared by a novel refluxing‐assisted solid‐state reaction and compared with hydrothermal synthesis.
ChemInform Abstract: Re‐synthesis and Electrochemical Characteristics of LiFePO4 Cathode Materials Recycled from Scrap Electrodes.
Authors: Kim Hyung Sun , Shin Eun Jung
Published: July 2013

LiFePO4 active cathode material is recovered from scrap electrodes of lithium secondary batteries by an environmentally friendly thermal treatment method at 500 °C for 30 min under flowing nitrogen.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Ag3AsO4 Visible‐Light‐Responsive Photocatalyst: Facile Synthesis and Exceptional Photocatalytic Performance.
Authors: Tang Jianting , Liu Yonghong , Li Haizhu , Tan Zhen , Li Datang
Published: July 2013

The title compound is precipitated at room temperature by slowly combining an aqueous AgNO3 solution with an aqueous solution containing Na2HAsO3, H2O2, and NH4OH.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Single‐Crystal Structure Determination of the Zinc Nitride Halides Zn2NX (X: Cl, Br, I).
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Wessel Claudia , Pan Fangfang , Dronskowski Richard
Published: July 2013

The title compounds are synthesized from mixtures of Zn3N2 and ZnX2 (X: Cl, Br, I; argon or vacuum, 550—600 °C, 20 h—3 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Unprecedented Gallium—Nitrogen Anions: Synthesis and Characterization of [(Cl3Ga)3N]3‐ and [(Cl3Ga)2NSnMe3]2‐.
Authors: Wilson Robert J. , Jones Jason R. , Bennett Miriam V.
Published: July 2013

Compounds (III) and (V) are characterized by single crystal XRD, diffuse reflectance, and 1H NMR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Needle‐Like NaNbO3 Synthesis via Nb6O198‐ Cluster Using Na3NbO4 Precursor by Dissolution—Precipitation Method.
Authors: Yamazoe Seiji , Shibata Kengo , Kato Kazuo , Wada Takahiro
Published: July 2013

Polycrystalline needle‐like NaNbO3 is prepared by low temperature dissolution/precipitation of aqueous Na3NbO4 at pH < 13 leading to needle‐like Na7 (H3O)Nb6O19·14H2O precipitates which are further calcined at 500 °C.
ChemInform Abstract: Nona‐Copper(II)‐Containing 18‐Tungsto‐8‐arsenate(III) Exhibits Antitumor Activity.
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Zhang Dongdi , Yang Lu , Ma Pengtao , Si Yanan , Kortz Ulrich , Niu Jingyang , Wang Jingping
Published: July 2013

Dark‐brown, block‐shaped crystals of Na8 [H4{Cu9As6O15 (H2O)6} (α‐AsW9O33)2]·41H2O are obtained from aqueous mixtures of NaAsO2, Na2WO4, CuCl2, and AcOH (room temperature, 14 d, 11% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Carbon—Carbon Bond Forming Reactions Catalyzed by Tetrahydroisoquinoline (TIQ) N,N′‐Dioxide Ligands.
Authors: Cele Zamani E. D. , Sosibo Sphelele C. , Andersson Pher G. , Kruger Hendrik G. , Maguire Glenn E. M. , Govender Thavendran
Published: July 2013

Tetrahydroisoquinoline N,N′‐dioxide is successfully applied as a chiral ligand for the Michael addition of unsaturated ketoesters (I) to dione (II) and malonates (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols to Ketones and Aldehydes with Diaziridinone.
Authors: Zhu Yingguang , Zhao Baoguo , Shi Yian
Published: July 2013

44 examples for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones are presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Reduction of Nitroarenes into Anilines and Nitroalkanes into Hydroxylamines via the Rapid Activation of Ammonia·Borane Complex by Supported Gold Nanoparticles.
Authors: Vasilikogiannaki Eleni , Gryparis Charis , Kotzabasaki Vasiliki , Lykakis Ioannis N. , Stratakis Manolis
Published: July 2013

The new and facile title reaction tolerates a wide range of different functionalities and affords the corresponding reduction products by using low catalyst loadings.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox‐Neutral Copper(II) Carboxylate Catalyzed α‐Alkynylation of Amines.
Authors: Das Deepankar , Sun Aaron X. , Seidel Daniel
Published: July 2013

The selectivity concerning the three‐component reaction of mainly cyclic secondary amines, aldehydes, and terminal alkynes is optimized with respect to formation of ring‐substituted propargylic amines, where CEH is found to be an optimal catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Dibenzoheteropines of Group 13—16 Elements via Ring‐Closing Metathesis.
Authors: Matsuda Takanori , Sato Shinya
Published: July 2013

The formation of self‐dimerization products can be reduced by using dilute conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Formylation of Amines by Methanol Activation.
Authors: Ortega Nuria , Richter Christian , Glorius Frank
Published: July 2013

The yield of the reactions is considerably increased by addition of styrene as acceptor for the emerging hydrogen.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective O‐Difluoromethylation of 1,3‐Diones by Bromodifluoromethylating Reagents.
Authors: Liu Guokai , Wang Xin , Xu Xiu‐Hua , Lu Xu , Tokunaga Etsuko , Tsuzuki Seiji , Shibata Norio
Published: July 2013

The reaction of in‐situ generated difluorocarbene from (I) with 1,3‐diones leads to the formation of a wide variety of difluoromethyl enol ethers in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium(II)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Reductive Coupling of α‐Imino Esters with Dienes.
Authors: Zhu Shujie , Lu Xiaoxia , Luo Yueting , Zhang Wei , Jiang Huanfeng , Yan Ming , Zeng Wei
Published: July 2013

A novel reductive coupling reaction between N‐aryl‐α‐imino esters and dienes is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Heck—Matsuda Reaction of Arenediazonium Salts in Water.
Authors: Salabert Jordi , Sebastian Rosa Maria , Vallribera Adelina , Civicos Jose Francisco , Najera Carmen
Published: July 2013

The presented protocol is general and environmentally friendly, does not require any base or additives and proceeds with low catalyst loading.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Organozinc Halides with Aryl Isocyanates.
Authors: Yang Haoran , Huang Danfeng , Wang Ke‐Hu , Xu Changming , Niu Teng , Hu Yulai
Published: July 2013

The title reaction provides a mild alternative method for the synthesis of N‐substituted carbamates or amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of β‐Amino Nitriles Through a ScIII‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Mannich Reaction of Silyl Ketene Imines.
Authors: Zhao Jiannan , Liu Xiaohua , Luo Weiwei , Xie Mingsheng , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming
Published: July 2013

A new catalyst system allows the diastereo‐ and enantioselective synthesis of various title compounds, precursors of optically active diamines and β‐amino acids.
ChemInform Abstract: A Catalytic Approach for the Synthesis of Allylic Azides from Aryl Vinyl Carbinols.
Authors: Srinu G. , Srihari P.
Published: July 2013

Treatment of aryl vinyl carbinols with TmsN3 under conditions A) results in formation of unexpected allylic azides, accompanied by lower amounts of disilylated by‐products such as (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Additions of Aryltitanium Tris(isopropoxide) to Ketones: Structure of [(i‐PrO)2Ti{μ‐(S)‐BINOLate}(μ‐O‐i‐Pr)TiPh (O‐i‐Pr)2], Study of Mechanistic and Stereochemical Insights.
Authors: Wu Kuo‐Hui , Kuo Yi‐Yin , Chen Chien‐An , Huang Yi‐Ling , Gau Han‐Mou
Published: July 2013

The simple title reaction affords a wide range of different substituted tertiary alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Aryl and Heteroaryl Acyl Sulfonimidamides via Pd‐Catalyzed Carbonylation Using a Nongaseous Precursor.
Authors: Borhade Sanjay R. , Sandstroem Anja , Arvidsson Per I.
Published: July 2013

This novel methodology, employing sulfonimidamides as nucleophiles and CO gas released in situ from solid Mo(CO)6 in a sealed two‐chamber system, shows high functional group tolerance affording a wide range of carbamate protected sulfonimidamides in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Application of Rhodanine as a Green Sulfur Transferring Agent for a Clean Functional Group Interconversion of Amide to Thioamide Using Reusable MCM‐41 Mesoporous Silica.
Authors: Ray Suman , Bhaumik Asim , Dutta Arghya , Butcher Ray J. , Mukhopadhyay Chhanda
Published: July 2013

The novel protocol allows the thiolation of amides, ureas, and ketones to produce essential building blocks for sulfur‐containing systems.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Atropisomeric Benzamides Through Peptide‐Catalyzed Bromination.
Authors: Barrett Kimberly , Miller Scott J.
Published: July 2013

A series of tri‐ and dibrominations are accomplished for a variety of compounds tolerating different functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Knoevenagel Condensation Reactions Catalyzed by a Proline‐Functionalized Polyacrylonitrile Fiber.
Authors: Li Guo‐Wei , Xiao Jia , Zhang Wen‐Qin
Published: July 2013

PFAF is a highly efficient catalyst for the condensation of aromatic aldehydes and ethyl cyanoacetate or malononitrile.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C(sp2)—H Activation and Electrophilic Amidation with N‐Fluorobenzenesulfonimide.
Authors: Tang Ren‐Jin , Luo Cui‐Ping , Yang Luo , Li Chao‐Jun
Published: July 2013

The reaction requires only catalytic amount of a base and proceeds under oxidant‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Planar Chiral Triazole‐Based Phosphanes Derived from [2.2]Paracyclophane and Their Activity in Suzuki Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Glover Jean E. , Martin David J. , Plieger Paul G. , Rowlands Gareth J.
Published: July 2013

Four cyclophane derivatives with triazole‐phosphane moieties are synthesized and tested as ligands in Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions with compound (V) giving the best results.
ChemInform Abstract: An Asymmetric Organocatalytic Quadruple Cascade Initiated by a Friedel—Crafts‐Type Reaction with Electron‐Rich Arenes.
Authors: Erdmann Nico , Philipps Arne R. , Atodiresei Iuliana , Enders Dieter
Published: July 2013

The reaction involves up to three different Michael acceptors and leads to the highly substituted cyclohexenecarbaldehydes generating up to four contiguous stereocenters.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Asymmetric Michael Addition/Carbon—Carbon Bond Cleavage of Trifluoromethyl α‐Fluorinated gem‐Diols to Nitroolefins.
Authors: Saidalimu Ibrayim , Fang Xiang , Lv Wenwen , Yang Xueyan , He Xiaopeng , Zhang Jingyuan , Wu Fanhong
Published: July 2013

Low yields and diastereoselectivity is observed for the substrates bearing aliphatic substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Modular Access to 9,9‐Spirobifluorenes by Oxidative Coupling Using Molybdenum Pentachloride.
Authors: Trosien Simon , Schollmeyer Dieter , Waldvogel Siegfried R.
Published: July 2013

The reactions of diarylfluorenes and substrates (III) or (V) result in formation of spirobifluorenes and fluorene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of spiro‐Tetrahydroquinolines via Intramolecular Dearomatization of Quinolines: Free of a Preinstalled Activation Group.
Authors: Wang Shou‐Guo , Zhang Wei , You Shu‐Li
Published: July 2013

An efficient synthesis of spiro‐tetrahydroquinolines is realized via an acid‐catalyzed cascade reaction consisting of hydrogenative dearomatization followed by intramolecular aza‐Friedel—Crafts alkylation.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Quaternary Ammonium Aryloxide/N,O‐Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide Combination as Efficient Organocatalytic System for the Direct Vinylogous Aldol Reaction of (5H)‐Furan‐2‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Claraz Aurelie , Oudeyer Sylvain , Levacher Vincent
Published: July 2013

The reaction proceeds with various aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with moderate dia‐ and high enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Using Conveniently Designed α‐Amino Ketones in Michael Reactions under Iminium Catalysis: Enantioselective Synthesis of γ‐Lactams and γ‐Amino‐δ‐keto Esters.
Authors: Talavera Garazi , Reyes Efraim , Vicario Jose L. , Carrillo Luisa , Uria Uxue
Published: July 2013

The reaction of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes with N‐tosylaminoacetophenone (II) proceeds with moderate cis‐selectivity but both diastereomers are obtained with high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Umpolung of Hemiaminals: Titanocene‐Catalyzed Dehydroxylative Radical Coupling Reactions with Activated Alkenes.
Authors: Zheng Xiao , Dai Xi‐Jie , Yuan Hong‐Qiu , Ye Chen‐Xi , Ma Jie , Huang Pei‐Qiang
Published: July 2013

The novel method uses the TiCl2(Cp)2/Mg/TmsCl catalytic reduction system.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Succinimides by Michael Addition of 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds to Maleimides Catalyzed by a Chiral Bis(2‐aminobenzimidazole) Organocatalyst.
Authors: Gomez‐Torres Eduardo , Alonso Diego A. , Gomez‐Bengoa Enrique , Najera Carmen
Published: July 2013

A full and detailed account on previously published studies is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Mitsunobu Cyclodehydration of N‐Pivaloyl‐2‐aminophenethyl Alcohol for Asymmetric Synthesis of trans‐2,3‐Disubstituted Indolines.
Authors: Kang Kyoung Hee , Kim Yelim , Im Chan , Park Yong Sun
Published: July 2013

The access to the other enantiomer can be easily achieved by using (+)‐sparteine.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Aza‐Michael Additions of 4‐Nitrophthalimide to Nitroalkenes and Preliminary Study of the Products for Herbicidal Activities.
Authors: Ma Shijun , Wu Lulu , Liu Ming , Huang Yaodong , Wang Yongmei
Published: July 2013

For the first time the highly enantioselective title reaction using a readily available chiral catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Chlorooxindoles: Versatile Starting Materials for Asymmetric Organocatalytic Synthesis of Spirooxindoles.
Authors: Noole Artur , Oseka Maksim , Pehk Tonis , Oeeren Mario , Jaerving Ivar , Elsegood Mark R. J. , Malkov Andrei V. , Lopp Margus , Kanger Tonis
Published: July 2013

Excellent dia‐ and enantioselectivities are observed in the reaction of 3‐chloroindoles with aromatic α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel Dispirooxindole‐Pyrrolidine Derivatives and Their Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity Against A549 Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cancer Cell Line.
Authors: Arun Y. , Bhaskar G. , Balachandran C. , Ignacimuthu S. , Perumal P. T.
Published: July 2013

The title compounds (IV) and (VI) are obtained via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of an azomethine ylide generated from isatin and sarcosine with dipolarophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: A Photochemical Route to Benzo[a]carbazoles via Domino Elimination/Electrocyclization of 2‐Aryl‐3‐(1‐tosylalkyl)indoles.
Authors: Protti Stefano , Palmieri Alessandro , Petrini Marino , Fagnoni Maurizio , Ballini Roberto , Albini Angelo
Published: July 2013

The reaction can also be conducted in THF.
ChemInform Abstract: An Intriguing and Facile One‐Pot Catalytic Synthesis of N‐Alkylated Lactams.
Authors: Zoidis Grigoris , Naesens Lieve , De Clercq Erik
Published: July 2013

The title compounds are obtained by Raney‐nickel‐catalyzed hydrogenation of 1,2‐adamantane oxime esters or cyano esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Design, Synthesis and Neuropharmacological Activity of Dihydro Imidazole Derivatives.
Authors: Mariappan G. , Alam Sadrul , Sutharson L. , Haldar P. K. , Nath Shyamalendu
Published: July 2013

All the synthesized compounds (III), especially derivatives (IIIb), show effective neuropharmacological activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Intermolecular C—O Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Arynes: Synthesis of o‐Hydroxyaryl Ketones, Xanthones, 4‐Chromanones, and Flavones.
Authors: Dubrovskiy Anton V. , Larock Richard C.
Published: July 2013

The presented reactions are efficient and simple utilizing readily available carboxylic acids and commercially available o‐(trimethylsilyl)aryl triflates.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Domino Reaction in Ionic Liquid: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Pyrano‐ and Thiopyrano‐Fused Heterocycles.
Authors: Parmar Narsidas J. , Patel Rikin A. , Parmar Bhagyashri D. , Talpada Navin P.
Published: July 2013

A series of pyrazolopyran annulated‐pyrano‐fused coumarins (V) and thiopyrano‐fused quinolones (III) are obtained in an improved domino/Knoevenagel‐hetero‐Diels—Alder reaction of aldehydes (I) and (IV) with pyrazolones (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Insertion of Carbon Monoxide to N‐Sulfonyl‐2‐aminobiaryls Through C—H Bond Activation: Access to Bioactive Phenanthridinone Derivatives in One Pot.
Authors: Rajeshkumar Venkatachalam , Lee Tai‐Hua , Chuang Shih‐Ching
Published: July 2013

An efficient Pd‐catalyzed oxidative carbonylation of N‐sulfonyl‐2‐amino‐biaryls is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Approach to 4‐Sulfonamidoquinolines via Copper(I)‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction of Sulfonyl Azides with Alkynyl Imines.
Authors: Cheng Guolin , Cui Xiuling
Published: July 2013

A novel and efficient one step approach to 4‐sulfonamidoquinolines via Cu‐catalyzed reaction of alkynyl imines with sulfonyl azides is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Allylamine Derivatives by Iodine‐Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of N‐Heterocycles, Paraformaldehyde and Styrenes.
Authors: Quan Zheng‐Jun , Hu Wang‐Hua , Zhang Zhang , Da Yu‐Xia , Jia Xiao‐Dong , Wang Xi‐Cun
Published: July 2013

An efficient reaction to the title compounds with high stereo‐ and regioselectivities is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Studies on Compounds Related to Aminoimidazolecarboxamide: Synthesis of Angularly Fused Purine Derivatives and a Solid Phase Ring Transformation (ANRORC) to Imidazo[1,5‐a]pyrazine.
Authors: Chattopadhyay Gautam , Ray Partha Sinha
Published: July 2013

N1‐Protected 5‐aminoimidazole‐4‐carboxamides (I) are used as convenient precursors for the synthesis of various new fused purine derivatives and imidazopyrazines (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Expeditious Synthesis of Chiral 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2‐a]pyrazines.
Authors: Bhowmik Subhendu , Kumar Anil K. S. , Batra Sanjay
Published: July 2013

Starting from commercially available cheap raw materials including natural amino acids, a facile approach to the heterocyclic title scaffold is developed which can be subjected to hydride reduction as is demonstrated for derivatives (IIIa)‐(IIIc).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Fluorine‐ and Iodine‐Containing [1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4‐b][1,3]thiazines Based 3‐(Alkenylthio)‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thiols.
Authors: Il'inykh Elena S. , Kim Dmitry G. , Kodess Mikhail I. , Matochkina Evgeniya G. , Slepukhin Pavel A.
Published: July 2013

The title compounds are obtained via alkenation reaction with different alkenyl halides.
ChemInform Abstract: A Tandem Copper (II)‐Promoted Synthesis of 2‐Substituted Pyrrolo[2,1‐f][1,2,4]triazin‐4(3H)‐ones.
Authors: Chen Yanhong , Xiang Haoyue , Tan Cun , Xie Yuyuan , Yang Chunhao
Published: July 2013

Electron‐donating groups on both partners accelerate the reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Mono‐Arylation in Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Dichlorotriazines with Phenylboronate Ester Derivatives.
Authors: Dong Jin‐Fu , Yu Xin , Ning Cheng‐Qing , Hu Liang , Yu Nie‐Fang
Published: July 2013

Optimized conditions are developed for the preparation of the biologically interesting phenyltriazine skeleton, suitable for further functionalization.
ChemInform Abstract: Steroidal Constituents from the Leaves of Hosta longipes and Their Inhibitory Effects on Nitric Oxide Production
Authors: Kim Chung Sub , Kim Sun Yeou , Moon Eunjung , Lee Mi Kyeong , Lee Kang Ro
Published: July 2013

isolation, structure and inhibition of NO production of three new steroidal compounds, longipenane (Ia), longipenane 26‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (Ib) and a new trisaccharide, along with two known steroidal saponins