bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Alaska Transportable Array: As Built
Authors: Busby Robert W. , Aderhold Kasey
Published: July 2020

Alaska is the last frontier and final destination for the National Science Foundation-supported EarthScope USArray Transportable Array (TA) project. The goal of this project is to record earthquakes and image the structure of the North American continent. The Alaska TA consists of 283 broadband seismic stations evenly spaced about 85 km apart to cover the state of Alaska and into western Canada. The sensor emplacement technique and station design were developed specifically for superior performance—both in terms of seismic noise levels and station durability. This technique and design were used for the 194 new stations installed as well as the 32 existing broadband stations that were upgraded. Trial stations were installed in 2011–2013 as part of a process to test and refine the installation design. The main deployment began in 2014 using the final station design and was completed in 2017. From 2018 through 2020, Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) operated the Alaska TA by performing servicing, station improvements, and data quality monitoring. High data return was maintained throughout, though some stations had lower real-time data delivery in winter. 110 TA stations are expected to transition to other operators in 2019 and 2020, and the data from these are openly available under new network codes. The last 84 stations are expected to be removed during the 2021 field season to close out the TA project. The Alaska TA was installed safely despite a challenging environment and has been operated to maximize the continuity and quality of data collected across a vast geographic region, enabling exciting scientific research for years to come.
Antituberculosis, antimicrobic and antioxidant properties of Persica vulgaris L. extracts
Authors: Mamatova I. , Askarov I. , Mamarakhmonov M.
Published: July 2020

Peach is a medicinal plant which has many traditional applications uses against various diseases. In this study we have evaluated differences in tannins and flavonoids in the composition of flowers and peach leaves and their antioxidant properties. Antibacterial activity of the peach flower and leaf extract was investigated using Mycobacterium tuberculosis and E. coli by the disk diffusion method. Total fractions of flavonoids and tannins were obtained using ethanol and aqueous extraction, respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the adrenaline autooxidation test. The results have shown that the peach flower extract contains many flavonoids, tannins that probably account for better antimicrobial effects as compared with the peach leaf extract. This shows perspectives for the use of peach flowers for the treatment of many diseases, especially for tuberculosis, and other diseases associated with overproduction of free radicals.
Anticoronaviral activity of triterpenoids
Authors: Denisov M.S. , Beloglazova Ya.A.
Published: July 2020

The discovery and investigations of new therapeutic agents with anticoronaviral activity is extremely important due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, there are no anti-COVID-19 drugs, characterized by efficacy which has been proved in correspondence with criteria of evidence-based medicine. However, there are some anti SARS-CoV-2 drugs, acting on the other Coronaviridae family member causing SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). Consequently, a wide range of organic substances of synthetic and natural origin were studied for the anticoronaviral activity. The review summarizes and systematizes the literature data on the anti-coronavirus activity of triterpenoids. The structural features of triterpenoids, which are important for the mechanisms of anticoronaviral activity, are discussed. The structures of the most active compounds are presented. The material is classified by approaches to study the anticoronaviral activity of individual substances or plants extracts. Recommendations for the further research of triterpenoids anticoronaviral activity are given.
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of terbinafine and itraconazole in superficial mycoses: a prospective, randomized, controlled and cost-effective analysis study
Authors: Aruna D. , Padmaja M. , Vijayalakshmi S. P.
Published: July 2020

Background: Superficial mycoses are common worldwide. Dermatophytic infections can greatly affect quality of life. Several newer antimycotic agents, have been reported effective and safe. Hence this study was planned to analyse effectiveness as well as cost effectiveness of these treatments.Methods: It were a prospective, randomized, parallel, open label, comparative study. Fifty patients were included in the study and divided into 2 groups. They were randomized to receive either oral terbinafine 250 mg or itraconazole 100 mg once daily for 4 weeks. Scaling, erythema and pruritus were rated as clinical score 0 to 3: 0 - absent, 1 - mild, 2 - moderate, and 3 - severe for the above three target symptoms. Total symptom score was assessed. Pruritus was also graded on visual analogue scale (VAS). Mycological cure was assessed by skin scraping with KOH mounts and fungal culture. Clinical efficacy scoring and VAS were assessed before the study and at each follow up visit at 2 and 4 weeks. Patients were followed up for another 4 weeks after completion of the treatment.Results: There was highly significant decrease p<000.1 in the mean total symptoms scores in both the study groups from baseline. No significant difference in the mean total symptoms score was observed when compared between groups. ADRs were more in terbinafine group.Conclusions: Both terbinafine and itraconazole are effective and safe against superficial mycoses, but adverse effects are more with terbinafine. Itraconazole was found to be cost effective compared to terbinafine.
Drug utilization study in patients of hypertension in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mishra Prashant S. , Gawali U. P. , Rizvi Salman H. , Kaur Sukhmeen
Published: July 2020

Background: Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, stroke and renal failure. Drug utilization research facilitates the rational use of drugs and provides an insight into the pattern of drug use. As such, the present study was conducted to assess the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive agents and to observe the disparity between the recommended and actual practices for pharmacological management of hypertension at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Department of Medicine in a tertiary healthcare hospital. As per inclusion criteria, patients with hypertension visiting Medicine OPD from 1st October 2018 to 31st December 2018 were enrolled in the study.Results: A total of 390 prescriptions were collected. It was observed that majority of the study patients were female (53.84%) and were >60 years of age. Average number of drugs prescribed per prescription was 4.18. Multiple drug regimen (67.69%) was the mainstay therapy in our study. Prevalence of two drug combination was the highest (46.92%) followed by monotherapy (32.3%). Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (amlodipine) was the most frequently prescribed class in monotherapy (19.23%). In two drug regimens, the combination of CCB with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) (combination of amlodipine and enalapril) was prescribed the most (28.46%) whereas prescription of combination of ACEI, beta-blocker (BB) and CCB (enalapril, atenolol and amlodipine combination) was the highest (13.84%) in three drug regimens.Conclusions: The prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs was found to be rational and mainly in accordance with Joint National Committee VIII guidelines. All the drugs were prescribed by their generic names which suggests awareness among prescribers regarding WHO policies for generic prescribing.
Possible treatments of COVID-19 present and future
Authors: Ul Islam Saif
Published: July 2020

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 infection in December 2019, millions of people are infected, and thousands of people have died. Genetic shift and high infectivity rate made SARS-Cov-2 a pandemic. Doctors, researchers, and world leaders are scratching their heads, how to contained or treat the virus. Several treatment options are tried, but so far, there is no effective treatment available. Thousands of articles are published about COVID-19, and so much information is available that it is challenging for a practicing physician to review these articles in the limited time they have. This article summarized the treatment options for COVID-19 that have tried or are in clinical trials. The article also reviews other possibilities that are either briefly or not discussed in the literature but could play a role in the fight against COVID-19.
Mortalidad por enfermedad isquémica cardiaca según variables sociodemográficas en Bogotá, Colombia.
Authors: Méndez-Muñoz Paula Camila , Martínez-Espitia Estefanía , Paba-Rojas Christian Esteban , Rodríguez-Perdomo Juliana , Silva-Hernández Laura Mercedes
Published: July 2020

Introducción. Según el Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, las enfer- medades del sistema circulatorio fueron la primera causa de mortalidad en Colombia entre 2005 y 2014, dentro de las cuales la enfermedad isqué- mica cardiaca (EIC) representó el 49,30 % de los casos. Respecto a esta última, el Instituto Nacional de Salud indicó que ocupó el primer lugar en 2010 entre las causas de muertes en el país.

Objetivo. Caracterizar la mortalidad por EIC en Bogotá, Colombia, en el periodo 2008-2015 bajo la perspectiva de las principales varia- bles sociodemográficas.

Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo basado en fuentes secunda- rias. Se analizaron los casos de muerte por EIC en Bogotá para el perio- do 2008-2015. Los datos demográficos se obtuvieron de las proyecciones poblacionales del Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) del censo del 2005. La caracterización de la mortalidad por EIC se hizo a partir del grupo 303 de la lista 6/67 de la Organización Panamerica- na de la Salud (OPS). Se tomaron las muertes codificadas como EIC con el código 3.03 y los códigos CIE-10: I20, I21, I22, I23, I24, I25. Las variables sociodemográficas estudiadas fueron sexo, edad, nivel educativo, afilia- ción al sistema de seguridad social y estado civil.

Resultados. Entre 2008 y 2015 se registró un aumento del 14,56 % en la tasa de mortalidad por EIC en Bogotá, situación que coincidió con lo reportado por el DANE, quien indicó que para el 2015 esta enferme- dad representó el 15 % de la mortalidad por todas las causas registradas en Bogotá.

Conclusiones. Las variables sociodemográficas juegan un papel impor- tante en la frecuencia de aparición de las enfermedades del sistema circu- latorio, por lo cual se debe buscar intervención por parte del Estado para generar un mayor impacto en términos de mortalidad.
Evaluación de la espiritualidad en pacientes con duelo utilizando la terapia de aceptación y compromiso en la clínica de duelo por suicidio del Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad de Guadalajara
Authors: Villagómez-Zavala Patricia Guadalupe
Published: July 2020

Introducción. El apego se define como aquel vínculo significativo que se establece entre personas. Cuando este se rompe, ocurre lo que se denomina una pérdida significativa seguida de un proceso de duelo, el cual consiste en una reacción de dolor natural ante el desprendimiento de algo o de alguien. Durante este proceso, la espiritualidad es una estrategia central para sobreponerse a una experiencia dolorosa; sin embargo, esta también puede verse afectada por los significados que se le atribuyen. La terapia de aceptación y compromiso se emplea en distintos desórdenes psicológicos que involucran la evitación experiencial, incluyendo el duelo.

Objetivo. Evaluar el duelo complicado espiritual en pacientes tratados con terapia de aceptación y compromiso, antes y después de la intervención.

Materiales y métodos. Se aplicó el cuestionario Inventory of Complicated Spiritual Grief a pacientes con duelo antes y después de ser tratados con terapia de aceptación y compromiso en la Clínica del Duelo del Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México.

Resultados y conclusiones. La terapia de aceptación y compromiso ha demostrado ser útil en el proceso del duelo, así como en el restablecimiento de la espiritualidad, toda vez que esta es resignificada y da sentido a las experiencias dolorosas.
La Innovación en salud y la formación del talento humano en salud. Reflexiones en medio de la pandemia
Authors: Escobar Carlos Felipe
Published: July 2020

Editorial
Analysis of Influence Factors on Line Shape of High-speed Railway Beam-Arch Combination Bridge
Authors: Chen Daihai , Xu Zhenqi , Qiu Yuanmiao
Published: July 2020

Taking the prestressed continuous beam-arch composite bridge on the Zheng Wan High-speed Railway as a research object, which across the South-to-North Water Transfer in Zhang Liang Town, the space finite element model of the bridge was established by Midas/Civil, the cantilever casting construction process of the main beam was simulated, and the influence of many different parameters on beam line shape of the bridge was investigate. The results show that the unbalanced weight of the hanging basket and the prestressed steel bar parameters have less influence on the beam line shape; the bulk density of concrete and the arrangement length of counterweight have a great influence on line shape, therefore, these should be considered as key control parameters during construction, the counterweight of boom beam can reduce the deformation of bridge’s mid-span, it is advantageous for the Analysis of Influence Factors on Line Shape of High-speed Railway Beam-arch Combination Bridge line shape control of the bridge.
Influence of Surcharge Load on the Adjacent Pile Foundation in Coastal Floodplain
Authors: Zhang Hao , Sun Kai
Published: July 2020

 In this paper, in order to investigate the behavior of existing piles caused by the horizontal and compression deformation of soft substratum due to backfill surcharge on coastal floodplain, three-dimensional finite element models of piles adjacent to surcharge load were established. The deformation and migration law of soft soil was analyzed. The behavior of single pile and double row pile adjacent to surcharge load were studied, in which the influence of surcharge load location, surcharge pressure, pile stiffness, and pile top constraint conditions were considered. The results show that as the position of surcharge load is closer and the surcharge pressure increases, the response (e.g. deformation and bending moment) is more obvious. With the increase of pile stiffness, the range of passive load is increased. The deformation behavior of pile body under different constraints of pile cap is significantly different. The effect of secondary bending moment caused by pile axial force is obvious and cannot be ignored. If there is a thick soft substratum, it is beneficial to improve the behavior of adjacent piles by using cement mixing pile reinforcement.
Approximation of Signals in the Weighted Zygmund Class Via Euler-hausdorff Product Summability Mean of Fourier Series
Authors: Das A. A. , Paikray S. K. , Pradhan T , Dutta H.
Published: July 2020

Approximation of functions of Lipschitz and zygmund classes have been considered by various researchers under different summability means. In the proposed paper, we have studied an estimation of the order of convergence of Fourier series in the weighted Zygmund class W(Zr(ω)) by using Euler-Hausdorff product summability mean and accordingly established some (presumably new) results. Moreover, the results obtained here are the generalization of several known results.
On Total Edge Irregularity Strength of Some Graphs Related to Double Fan Graphs
Authors: Khotimah Husnul , Susanti Yeni
Published: July 2020

Let G = (V(G),E(G)) be a simple, connected, undirected graph with non empty vertex set V(G) and edge set E(G). The function f : V(G) ∪ E(G) ↦ {1,2, ...,k} (for some positive integer k) is called an edge irregular total k−labeling where each two edges ab and cd, having distinct weights, that are f (a)+ f (ab)+ f (b) ≠ f (c)+ f (cd)+ f (d). The minimum k for which G has an edge irregular total k−labeling is denoted by tes(G) and called total edge irregularity strength of graph G. In this paper, we determine the exact value of the total edge irregularity strength of double fan ladder graph, centralized double fan graph, and generalized parachute graph with upper path.
Radiative Unsteady Rarefied Gaseous Flow Over a Stretching Sheet with Velocity Slip and Temperature Jump Effects
Authors: Prakash Sharma Ram , Indumathi N. , Saranya S. , Ganga B. , Abdul Hakeem A. K.
Published: July 2020

In this study a mathematical analysis has been carried out to scrutinize the unsteady boundary layer flow of an incompressible, rarefied gaseous flow over a vertical stretching sheet with velocity slip and thermal jump boundary conditions in the presence of thermal radiation. Using boundary layer approach and suitable similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations with the boundary conditions are reduced to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. The resulting non-linear ordinary differential equations are solved with the help of fourth order Runge-Kutta method with shooting technique. The results obtained for the velocity profile, temperature profile, skin friction coefficient and the reduced Nusselt number are described through graphs. It is predicted that the velocity and temperature profiles are lower for unsteady flow and has an opposite effect for steady flow.
A Class of Analytic Starlike Functions Associated with Petal Like Region on the Positive Half of Complex Plane
Authors: Kumar Maurya Rajesh , Sharma Poonam
Published: July 2020

In the light of Riemann open mapping theorem, if we map open unit disk U conformally onto a region then depending on the geometry of boundary of we can always extract a subclass of H[a, n] by subordinating various functionals of the function f ∈ H[a, n]. Depending upon the geometry of the range set attempts have been made to find some algebraic structure in such classes, for that Hankel determinant of coefficients of functions pertaining to these classes have been studied, bounds of various coefficients have been determined and also based on the subordination principle we have determined radius |z| < r ;z ∈ U for which f belongs to such a class. In this paper our focus would be on n−PS* defined as n − PS* = {f ∈ A : Re {zf'(z)/f(z)} > 0,|(zf'(z)/f(z))n - 1|<1}.
Covering Energy of Some Classes of Posets
Authors: Pawar Madhukar M. , Bhamre Vandana P.
Published: July 2020

The concept of the covering energy of a poset is introduced and its bounds are given. We compute covering energy of some classes of posets like Sn, 2n. The posets Dk and D'k are defined and two recurrence relations for the characteristic polynomials of these posets are obtained. The energies of the posets D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 are explicitly computed. The existence of some eigenvalues for some type of Dk and D'k is proved.
ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ МОНЕТАРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ШЛЯХОМ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ЇЇ ЕФЕКТІВ НА КРЕДИТУВАННЯ ЧЕРЕЗ СЕКТОРАЛЬНО ВІДКАЛІБРОВАНІ КАНАЛИ МОНЕТАРНОЇ ТРАНСМІСІЇ
Authors: Дейсан Ігор
Published: July 2020

Досліджено дію трансмісійного механізму монетарної політики (ТММП) у секторальному розрізі (актуалізовано результати попереднього дослідження). За допомогою структурної VaR-моделі перевірено трансмісію ставки рефінансування, ліквідності та курсу гривні до долара США на секторальні показники вартості та обсягів кредитування. Підтверджено неоднорідність реакції секторальних показників, що слід ураховувати Національному банку при проведенні монетарної політики. Зміна ставки рефінансування не впливає на короткострокові ставки домогосподарств, а зміна ліквідності в банківській системі має суттєвий вплив майже на всі роздрібні ставки — найбільш чутливі кредитні ставки для фінансових установ, домогосподарств, сектору торгівлі, а також промисловості. Для цілей зниження ставки за ОВДП уряду дієвими є і ставка рефінансування, і зміна вільної ліквідності. Зростання ліквідності пожвавлює короткострокове кредитування нефінансових корпорацій, а зміна ставки за кредитами не впливає на обсяги кредитування.
ВПЛИВ COVID-19 НА ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК МАЛОГО I СЕРЕДНЬОГО БІЗНЕСУ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Вагнер Ірина , Демко Ірина
Published: July 2020

Висвітлено вплив пандемії COVID-19 на економіку країн Європи і США, а саме: подано статистичні дані щодо рівня ВВП і розвитку світової економіки в цілому. Розглянуто позиції керівництва відомих міжнародних компаній щодо впливу COVID-19 на їхню діяльність. Проаналізовано першочергові заходи підтримки підприємств та організацій урядами Європейських країн і США, пов’язаних із пандемією COVID-19. Розкрито впив COVID-19 на діяльність певних секторів економіки України. Наведено прогнози провідних учених-економістів щодо подальшого розвитку малого і середнього бізнесу в Україні після завершення пандемії COVID-19. Наголошено, що Україна повинна використовувати як грошові, так і фіскальні інструменти в пакеті допомоги, зокрема, на відміну від більшості країн, Національний банк України має можливість знизити ставку дисконтування. При цьому безпосереднім пріоритетом має бути адекватне фінансування системи охорони здоров’я та її готовність до цього безпрецедентного виклику. Запропоновано власне бачення впливу пандемії COVID-19 на розвиток малого і середнього бізнесу.
ВПЛИВ ФІНАНСОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ НА ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ БАНКУ
Authors: Вовчак Ольга , Пронько Віра
Published: July 2020

Розглянуто доцільність упровадження нових фінансових технологій у банківській діяльності в умовах цифрової економіки, розкрито їхні переваги і ризики, на які наражаються банки при їх використанні. Досліджено вплив фінансових цифрових інновацій на конкурентоспроможність банківської установи в сучасних умовах розвитку ФінТех-компаній і висвітлено залученість банків України до співпраці з ними. Розкрито досвід упровадження фінансових інновацій зарубіжними банками, зокрема цифрового банку нового покоління від MBank Польщі та інших країн. Акцентовано увагу на переліку послуг Інтернет-банкінгу, що пропонують найбільші банки України. Здійснено аналіз основних фінансових технологій, що впроваджені вітчизняними банками, і розкрито їхній вплив на їхню конкурентоздатність. Зроблено висновок про вплив фінансових технологій на банківський сектор і можливі шляхи розвитку банківського сектору в нових технологічних умовах. З урахуванням результатів проведеного дослідження запропоновано використання найбільш прийнятних шляхів переходу до блокчейн-системи і цифрової технології «BigData».
УПРАВЛІННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ БАНКУ ЯК ЗАСІБ ПОПЕРЕДЖЕННЯ ВНУТРІШНІХ ЗАГРОЗ
Authors: Ковальчук Вероніка , Дейно Євгенія
Published: July 2020

Досліджено особливості управління персоналом у контексті попередження внутрішніх загроз банку. Для більшого розуміння здійснено розгляд ключових понять, що стосуються цієї теми, а саме таких понять, як «кадрові ризики» і «кадрова безпека». На прикладі АТ «Укрексімбанк» доведено, що розробка рекомендацій щодо вдосконалення системи управління персоналом будь-якого підприємства повинна спиратись на аналіз його зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовища, аналіз поточного стану системи управління людськими ресурсами. Попри високу продуманість наявної системи управління персоналом банку, визначено, що в ній залишаються проблемні аспекти, які потребують доопрацювання. Ключовими з них є плинність кадрів і посередній рівень лояльності працівників до підприємства, що, у свою чергу, становлять загрозу для банківської установи. Зроблено висновок, що кадрова безпекаповинна бути направлена, з одного боку, на зменшення загроз від персоналу, а з другого — на стимулювання його до ефективної трудової діяльності.
КОГНИТИВНЫЕ ОСНОВАНИЯ ИНТЕРАКЦИИ В МАРКЕТИНГОВОМ ДИСКУРСЕ
Authors: Черемохина Д.А. , Чеботарева И.М.
Published: July 2020

Знаковым коммуникативным феноменом современности является маркетинговый дискурс, обра-зование и функционирование которого слабо изучены в современной лингвистике. Важным во-просом этой области знания является определение роли когнитивных факторов дискурсопорожде-ния в сфере продаж услуг. Авторами представлена попытка описания специфики коммуникатив-ной ситуации в условиях деловых переговоров, а также обозначены лингвокогнитивные факторы формирования маркетингового дискурса (в частности, дискурса продажи услуг). Возможность проведения деловых переговоров, по мнению авторов, обусловлена наличием общих смыслов в когнитивной базе клиента и представителя компании. Концептуальный анализ ключевого для маркетингового дискурса концепта «выгода» позволил выявить точки пересечения интересов ад-ресата и адресанта. Успех сделки становится возможным, если базовые индивидуальные смыслы концепта совпадают у обоих коммуникантов. Однако нередко в области персонального у комму-никантов реализуются смыслы с противоположным значением, что обусловлено личным опытом или этнокультурной спецификой. В таком случае представитель институционального дискурса стремиться трансформировать ядро концепта «выгода», используя при этом аргументацию и линг-вистические средства языкового манипулирования. Результатом исследования стала схема, отра-жающая механизмы образования дискурса продаж, а также теоретические выводы о значимости традиционных для русской культуры («польза», «материальный интерес» и др.) и коммуникативно обусловленных ситуацией переговоров (например, «простая схема») смыслов.
ДЕИНДИВИДУАЛИЗАЦИЯ СООБЩЕНИЙ В БЛОГОСФЕРЕ
Authors: Привалова И.В.
Published: July 2020

Электронная коммуникация стала ведущим способом передачи информации в XXI веке. Однако специфика данного вида коммуникации ещё не всесторонне изучена. Одной из характерных особенностей электронной коммуникации является потеря персонифицированных характеристик отправляемых сообщений, которую мы предлагаем терминологизировать как «деиндивидуализация», которая понимается автором как модель коммуникативного поведения с особыми принципами презентации сообщений и участия в обмене информацией. Проведенный анализ электронного контента позволил выявить две основные тенденции «массовизации» коммуникативного поведения в блогосфере. Первый тип – деиндивидуализация обобщающего характера, второй тип – исходящая от конкретного адресанта деиндивидуализация, которая существует в двух формах – частичной и полной. Сделан вывод о стирании границ между публичной и личной сферами в цифровом информационном пространстве, и о том, что большинство новостных рейтинговых сообщений де-персонифицированы. Впервые психологический феномен «деиндивидуализации», описанный Г. Лебоном, применяется при рассмотрении особенностей современных коммуникативных процессов. Предлагаемый подход является научным вкладом в теорию массовой коммуникации.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИХ УСЛОВИЙ РАЗВИТИЯ НАУЧНО-ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ПОДГОТОВКИ БУДУЩИХ ПЕРЕВОДЧИКОВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ «ОСНОВЫ ТЕОРИИ НЕМЕЦКОГО ЯЗЫКА»)
Authors: Зеленина Е.В.
Published: July 2020

В условиях растущей востребованности на рынке труда выпускников, обладающих научным подходом, стремлением к применению и созданию инноваций, вопрос эффективного развития научно-исследовательских компетенций студентов высшей школы становится одним из приоритетных. Поиск решения данной проблемы актуализирует необходимость дополнения известных научно-педагогических трудов новыми научными изысканиями, основанными на современной специфике конкретных направлений подготовки в высшей школе. В связи с этим автором проанализированы труды отечественных и зарубежных ученых, в которых раскрываются сущность, содержание и компонентный состав компетенций, необходимых для эффективной научно-исследовательской деятельности, особенности организации исследовательского обучения. В результате исследования разработан комплекс психолого-педагогических условий развития компетенций научно-исследовательской деятельности в рамках преподавания дисциплины «Основы теории немецкого языка» и руководства курсовым проектированием по данной дисциплине при подготовке бакалавров лингвистики, целью которого является переход обучающихся на более высокий уровень сформированности компетенций научно-исследовательской деятельности
СПОСОБЫ СОЗДАНИЯ КОМФОРТНОГО СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО КЛИМАТА НА ЗАНЯТИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ИНФОРМАТИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ УРОКОВ ГЕОГРАФИИ)
Authors: Чикина Ю.Ю.
Published: July 2020

Важным условием гармоничного развития личности обучающегося является наличие в школе и классе благоприятного социально-психологического климата. Данная проблема приобретает особую актуальность в условиях информатизации образования, широкого применения современных средств информационно-коммуникационных технологий. При широком применении информационных технологий недостаточное количество работ в аспекте влияние социально-психологического климата на качество учебно-воспитательного процессе изучено недостаточно. Цель исследования – рассмотреть на примере уроков географии основные факторы, направленные на формирование благоприятного социально-психологического климата в условиях широкого применения средств информационно-коммуникационных технологий. В результате исследования дана характеристика благоприятного и неблагоприятного социально-психологического климата на уроках географии. Обозначены психологические механизмы воздействия информатизации образования на учащихся в учебно-воспитательном процессе. Выделены основные факторы, которые помогают создать доброжелательную эмоциональную атмосферу на уроках географии в условиях широкого применения средств информатизации, определены основные способы формирования и поддержания благоприятного социально-психологического климата на занятии в условиях информатизации образования.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ АВТОХТОННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ В ЗАПАДНОЙ АФРИКЕ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КАМЕРУНА И НИГЕРИИ)
Authors: Блажевич Ю.С.
Published: July 2020

Отличительной особенностью Африки является высокая степень языкового и культурного разнообразия. В многоязычном и диглоссном обществе многочисленные миноритарные языки подвергаются опасности исчезновения, что ведет к обеднению всемирного культурного наследия. В этой связи возникла необходимость комплексного изучения специфики языковой ситуации для того, чтобы обозначить существующие проблемы, выявить их причины и наметить пути решения. Камерун и Нигерия выбраны для изучения существующих социолингвистических проблем в связи c тем, что их объединяет общее колониальное прошлое, а также схожие социолингвистические условия. Авторами дан анализ различных факторов экстралингвистического характера, представляющих угрозу для местных языков. Описаны лингвистические признаки умирания языка. Также выявлена проблема разделения языковых коллективов в результате искусственного насаждения границ в колониальных период, которое приводит к языковой диалектизации. Сформулированы необходимые условия для решения существующих проблем. Обнаружена зависимость витальности языка от наличия письменности и орфографической нормы, а также уровня функциональной нагрузки и жизнеспособности языка от его престижа в обществе. Обозначена роль языковой политики государства в создании условий, необходимых для повышения витальности языков, находящихся под угрозой исчезновения, путем увеличения их функциональной нагрузки.
ФОРМАТ РАЗВЛЕКАТЕЛЬНОГО РАДИО КАК ФАКТОР, ОПРЕДЕЛЯЮЩИЙ РЕЧЕВУЮ КУЛЬТУРУ РАДИОЖУРНАЛИСТА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РАДИО «ЕВРОПА ПЛЮС»)
Authors: Ельникова А.В. , Беспалова Е.А.
Published: July 2020

Радикальные преобразования, предопределившие изменения типа и концепции отечественного радиовещания, перестроившие содержание вещания и отношения с аудиторией, отразились и на жанровой структуре современного радио – востребован непринужденный стиль ведения программ, выбор которого может быть обусловлен форматом радиостанции. При этом профессиональная компетентность специалистов, вступающих в диалог с массовым слушателем и во многом формирующих речевую культуру своих многочисленных собеседников, зачастую является сомнительной. Названная область является достаточно новой для изучения, требует отдельного рассмотрения. В связи с этим авторами проведен анализ влияния формата развлекательного радио на коммуникативные качества радиожурналиста и используемые им приемы организации эфира. На основе наблюдения за эфирами утреннего шоу «Бригады У» радио «Европа Плюс», обобщения и интерпретации полученных данных проанализированы специфика речевой культуры ведущего развлекательной радиостанции. Показано, что рамки речевой компетентности ведущего определяет задача производства развлекательного медиатекста. Описаны коммуникативные роли-функции ведущих; типичные коммуникативные стратегии и тактики, используемые в эфире. Рассмотрены проявления речевой культуры ведущих развлекательного шоу на радио, выявлены ее слабые и сильные стороны. В результате выявлены содержательные, структурные и языковые особенности построения коммуникации на развлекательном радио.
Effects of Ethanol and α-Pinene in a Generic Trap Lure Blend for Pine Bark and Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern United States
Authors: Miller D.R.
Published: July 2020

Managers of detection programs for bark and wood-boring beetles require cost-effective trap lure combinations that maximize species detections. A trapping study was conducted in 2012 to determine the effects of ethanol and α-pinene lures on beetle catches in traps baited with ipsenol and ipsdienol lures in a stand of Pinus taeda L. in north-central Georgia. Traps with all four compounds worked well for 20 of 25 species of bark and wood-boring beetles, and associated predators. Catches of Acanthocinus obsoletus (LeConte) and Monochamus titillator (F.) (Cerambycidae), Hylastes porculus Erichson, Hylastes salebrosus Eichhoff, Hylobius pales (Herbst), Orthotomicus caelatus (Eichhoff) (Curculionidae), Thanasimus dubius (F.) (Cleridae), and Temnoscheila virescens (F.) (Trogossitidae) in baited traps increased with the addition of ethanol and α-pinene with maximum catches in traps baited with all four compounds. Catches of Ips avulsus (Eichhoff) (Curculionidae) decreased with the addition of both compounds; the lowest numbers of I. avulsus and Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff) were caught in traps baited with all four compounds. α-Pinene increased catches of Buprestis lineata F. (Buprestidae), Ips calligraphus (Germar), Pachylobius picivorus (Germar) (Curculionidae), Corticeus spp. (Tenebrionidae), Lasconotus spp., and Pycnomerus sulcicollis LeConte (Zopheridae); ethanol had no effect on these species. Ethanol increased trap catches of Curius dentatus Newman (Cerambycidae), Dryoxylon onoharaense (Murayama) (Curculionidae) and Platysoma spp. (Histeridae); α-pinene reduced catches. The data suggest that ethanol and α-pinene should be retained with ipsenol and ipsdienol as a generic trap lure blend for pine bark and wood-boring beetles in southeastern United States.
Behavioral Activity of Methyl Benzoate Against the Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
Authors: Larson Nicholas R. , Strickland Jaime , Zhang Aijun , Feldlaufer Mark F.
Published: July 2020

We evaluated a botanical compound, methyl benzoate, which was previously shown to have insecticidal activity on several agricultural pests, for its behavioral action on the common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. Methyl benzoate, along with acetophenone and Cirkil™, a commercially available bed bug control product, exhibited repellent action against bed bugs in an EthoVision video system designed to track the movement of individuals.
Determination of Larval Instars of Semanotus bifasciatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Based on Frequency Distributions of Morphological Variables
Authors: Li Na , Wu Lei , Geng Yongxin , Wei Danfeng , Chen Min
Published: July 2020

Semanotus bifasciatus Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is one of the most destructive pests of Platycladus trees in China. Morphological measurements, such as head capsule (HC) width, can be very useful and practical indicators for identifying larval instars of coleopteran species. In this study, six morphological variables, including HC width, pronotum width, mandible length and width, and body length and width were measured to determine the instars of field-collected larvae of S. bifasciatus. Both the HC width and pronotum width were reliable parameters for determining the instar and stage. Larvae of S. bifasciatus were divided into eight instars; we detected strong relationships between larval instar and both the HC width (R2 = 0.9640) and pronotum width (R2 = 0.9549). The ranges of body widths and lengths for each instar are provided as reference values for distinguishing among larval stages in field investigations.
The Effect of Critical Pathway Care in Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Randomized Control Trials
Authors: Abavi-Torghabeh Bahareh , Mahdizadeh Mehrsadat , Mahdizadeh Seyed-Mousa , Mazloom Seyed-Reza
Published: July 2020

Colorectal cancer and its treatment have short-term and long-term side effects for patients. One of the factors affecting these side effects is the nursing care method. This study was conducted to determine the effect of care based on the critical pathway on the duration of hospitalization, complications of the disease, and satisfaction with nursing care in patients with colorectal cancer. In a cluster-randomized controlled trial study, 70 patients with colorectal cancer were randomly selected from two hospitals of OMID (N=35) and GHAEM (N=35) in Mashhad, Iran. They were assigned to intervention and control groups. The data were collected using a characteristic of patients, and satisfaction questioner, a checklist of patient status and nursing performance, and analyzed by SPSS software version 18. There was a significant difference in the mean of satisfaction of patients from nursing care and length of hospital stay between pathway and routine care group (P<0.001). There were no significant differences between pathway and routine for the postoperative complications after 12 weeks of follow-up. Our study indicates that critical pathway care can increase the satisfaction of patients and decrease the duration of hospitalization. Future studies should investigate how to increase other clinical outcomes in the oncology wards.
Association Between Expression of Interleukin-32 Gene and Various Helicobacter pylori Virulence Factors in Human Infected Gastric Biopsy
Authors: Shahi Heshmat , Kiaee Fatemeh
Published: July 2020

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral bacterium that infects the human gastric mucosa. Various clinical aspects of the infection may mirror distinctive forms of cytokine expression. It correlates with immune cell penetration to the gastric mucosa with numerous cytokines production and gastric inflammation. IL-1 and IL-8 directly contribute to H. pylori effected gastritis. IL-32 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine categorized by the training of Immune cell activation, which has a vital role in human immunity. H. pylori virulence and danger factors are critical in gastritis, such as the outer inflammatory protein (OipA) and the cytotoxin associated gene a (cagA). We aimed to study the IL-32 mRNA expression in H. pylori-positive and negative patients as well as its relation with bacterial cagA, oipA, and severity of gastritis. Endoscopic biopsies were taken from the antrum of 60 H. pylori-infected patients and 62 uninfected individuals. Mucosal IL-32 mRNA expression was assessed by real-time PCR. With PCR, the H. pylori virulence factors were evaluated. Showed that the mRNA expression of IL-32 levels was significantly lower in biopsies of H. pylori-uninfected patients compared to positive individuals (P=0.01). A straight communication between virulence factor up, cagA, and heightening in IL-32 mRNA expression (P<0.001) was observed. Furthermore. IL-32 mRNA expression levels were approximately equal in both chronic and active gastritis (P=0.1). IL-32 may have a critical role in different situations like inflammation and the severity of inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa.
Acalculous Cholecystitis, Acute Hepatitis and Hemolytic Anemia Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus: A Case Report
Authors: Hakamifard Atousa , Soltani Rasool , Hajigholami Ali , Yaghoubi Sholeh
Published: July 2020

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the herpes virus family and is characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, and sore throat. In this report, we present a 20-year-old woman with a four-day history of fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, jaundice and abdominal pain, and a diagnosis of acalculous cholecystitis, acute hepatitis with hemolytic anemia due to infectious mononucleosis. After the confirmation of acute acalculous cholecystitis along with hemolytic anemia, prednisolone was initiated for the patient. Supportive measures resolved the symptoms of acalculous cholecystitis.
Unsolved Mystery of Synchronous Metastatic Adenocarcinoma and Echinococcus Cystic Infection, a Major Break Through in Clinical Oncology: A Case Report
Authors: Ubaid Aamer , Waheed Farishta , Naeem Awais
Published: July 2020

Echinococcus cystic infection is a zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of cestode species belonging to the genus Echinococcus. Through the modulation of the immune system by this parasite, there is an established link of this infection with the metastasis and progression of a tumor. We present a case of a patient with synchronous findings of metastatic adenocarcinoma with unknown primary along with the previous history of echinococcal infection, which highlights the need for prompt management of such infections with a regular follow up of such patients.
Resumption of Elective Surgery following COVID-19 Outbreak, Guideline for Female Pelvic Medicine and Surgery
Authors: Ghanbari Zinat , Mostaan Fatemeh , Eftekhar Tahereh , Deldar Maryam , Changiz Nasrin , Adabi Khadijeh
Published: July 2020

Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of medical sciences proposed a clinically relevant algorithm to guide appropriate decision making based on underlying risk stratification and resource utilization in order to resume elective surgeries, following COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The consequence of standardized decision-making factors and transparency of the principles will provide more assurance, consistency, and reliability on both sides, care providers and the patient. It also will decrease ethical dilemmas and moral criticism for surgeons. Eventually, this approach is applicable in any other disaster preparedness as a logical stratification of surgical indications for the female pelvic floor surgical procedures.
Attitude of Jordanian Health Care Workers Toward Surrogacy
Authors: Saadeh Rami , Abdulrahim Nancy , Alfaqih Mahmoud , Khader Yousef
Published: July 2020

Materials and methods: Three municipalities in Jordan were randomly selected, one from each region: north, south and central of Jordan. A total of: four public hospitals, three private hospitals, one university hospital, 40 health centers and 40 private clinics were included in the study. Healthcare workers in the selected facilities were randomly approached using a self– administered questionnaire to collect data. Distributions of attitude by gender, job title, and physician’s specialty were used to describe participants’ attitude toward surrogacy.
Results: Responses of 382 participants were reported, of whom, 230 (60.2%) were females. Three in every four participants didn’t support legalizing surrogacy in Jordan. Majority reported negative attitude toward commercial surrogacy (85.1%) and noncommercial surrogacy (76.4%). Religious considerations were the main reason (71.1%) for the attitude toward surrogacy. Most items describing attitude toward surrogacy were significantly distributed across different job titles: nurses, medical doctors, and other healthcare workers (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Negative attitude among health care workers toward surrogacy was mainly driven by religious beliefs. However, there are core cultural changes in the community which might alter the attitude toward surrogacy in the future.
Concerns of Infertile Women Candidates for Egg Donation: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bagheri Maryam , Jafarabadi Mina , Vasegh Rahimparvar Seyedeh Fatemeh , Nourbala Ahmad Ali , Behboodi Moghadam Zahra
Published: July 2020

Objective: Women with premature ovarian insufficiency, menopause, gonadal dysgenesis, and genetic disorders as well as those with a history of recurrent in vitro fertilization failure may benefit from the assisted fertility techniques. These women experience concerns that directly affect their married life especially in egg donation treatment. This study was conducted to investigate the reproductive health concerns of infertile women who were candidates for egg donation.
Materials and methods: This qualitative content analysis was conducted in 17 infertile women who were referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital Infertility Clinic from July 2018 to March 2019. The participants were selected through purposeful sampling. Data were collected through individual in-depth semistructured interviews. A conventional qualitative content analysis approach was adopted for data analysis using the MAXQDA12 software.
Results: The results of data analysis showed five themes, including threatened married life, lack of supportive situation, religious beliefs, psychosocial damage, and damaged feminine identity.
Conclusion: Infertility is usually accompanied by a great psychological sadness referred to as "stress of infertility". Assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are also a source of stress for patients; therefore, it has a significant impact on the marital relationship and mental health of infertile women. Hence, there is a need for psychological support from the treatment team to reduce woman reproductive health concerns.
Quality of Work Life in Family Physicians of Bam, Iran
Authors: Akbarian Bafghi Mohammad Javad , Zare Zahra , Rahimi Narges
Published: July 2020

Objective: Quality of work life is one of the most important variables recently considered by many managers who seek to improve the quality of their human resources. Considering the vital factor of job satisfaction of family physicians as a service provider, this study was conducted to evaluate the quality of working life of family physicians in Bam.
Materials and methods: This research is a cross-sectional and descriptive type. Research population includes all family physicians working at health centers in Bam. The Van Larr Quality of Work Life Questionnaire, which was validated by Nekoei Moghadam, was used. The questionnaire data is analyzed by SPSS 24 from statistical-descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and T-test and ANOVA.
Results: Quality of work life score in family physicians is obtained 2.93 out of 5. Control ambiance in work (CAW) has the highest mean (3.16) and Work-life balance (WLB) has the lowest mean (2.29). Work experience has a meaningful relationship just with the two components of WLB and SAW in Quality of work life (p = 0.036). Furthermore, in the factor of GWB, the average score of unmarried physicians (Mean = 3.18) were more than the married ones (Mean = 3.05) (p = 0.010). The mean score of unmarried physicians was more than the married ones.
Conclusion: The quality of work life from the family physicians is about upper-intermediate. Thus, authorities of the family physician concept in the ministry of Health, and also in the Bam city should pay more attention to the family physician’s work life and consider programs and solutions in order to improve it.