bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Focus 1 - décembre 2012
Authors: De la Croix David
Published: December 2018

Face à l'unanimité entourant les effets microéconomiques de l'éducation, incluant meilleur salaire et meilleure chance d'obtenir un emploi, le monde politique pourrait être tenté de conclure qu'il suffit d'accroître l'investissement éducatif pour générer de la croissance. Or, ce n'est apparemment pas si simple. Ceux qui ont analysé de près la corrélation entre croissance du PNB par habitant et niveau d'éducation ont bien de la peine à obtenir des résultats solides et convergents. Le lien entre éducation et croissance est loin d'être automatique. L'éducation ne se décrète pas. D'après William Easterly, pour obtenir un effet sur la croissance, il est essentiel de développer les bons mécanismes incitatifs auprès des acteurs de l'éducation : les élèves, les enseignants, et les parents. C'est seulement sous cette condition qu'une politique d'expansion de l'éducation pourra avoir les effets espérés. Comme exemple de mécanisme incitatif, on peut citer le fait que l'éducation acquise soit effectivement valorisable sur le marché du travail, ou que les écoles soient évaluées pour leur performance par rapport au milieu social dans lequel elles travaillent.
Focus 16 - mars 2015
Authors: Gautier Axel
Published: December 2018

La semaine dernière, la presse faisait écho du projet de la SNCB d'introduire des tarifs plus élevés pour les voyages effectués à l'heure de pointe. Concrètement, celui qui prendrait le train dans les tranches 6h-9h et 15h-18h paierait un supplément. La SNCB motive son projet par le fait que le prix actuel est un des plus faible d'Europe. La proposition a -comme on s'en doute- reçu un accueil glacial de la part des usagers du rail.
Comparative Analysis of Open Source Digital Library Softwares: A Case Study
Authors: Verma Lakshmi , Kumar Nishant
Published: December 2018

The exponential growth in data generation and subsequent transformation into knowledge has created huge repositories of knowledge in the libraries. This has revolutionalised the methods and techniques to retrieve the relevant and useful information for the users. The growth of Information and communication technology (ICT) has facilitated into achieving this. In this paper, a study of three open-source digital library management software has been presented which collects and disseminates information for library-users. This analysis involves the study and comparison of related software documents and respective technical manuals. Based on the results of the comparison, the implementation of Digtial Library Management Software at DESIDOC has also been dealt in details.
Analysing Retraction Notices of Scholarly Journals: A Study
Authors: Tripathi Manorama , Dwivedi Gayatri , Sonkar Sharad Kumar , Kumar Sunil
Published: December 2018

Information and communication technology (ICT) is not an unalloyed advantage when talking about propagation and expansion of scholarly knowledge. The same ICT which acts as an enabler to research in the comfort of one’s study and preferred environment makes the researchers with weak conscience vulnerable to the temptation of research misconduct. Surprisingly, the same technology acts as a sentinel, helping academe nail such transgressions and withdrawing them or taking the contextual corrective recourse. Of late, there has been a substantial increase in the invalidation and withdrawal of research articles based on invalid data and findings. One analysed the retraction notices of 249 annulled articles, indexed in Scopus, during the period, 2000-2017. The study has highlighted that the majority of the retracted notices do not have explicit reasons for revoking the findings of research articles. It has stressed upon the immensely pivotal role of libraries in spreading awareness and sensitising researchers with regard to adherence to norms, ethics and policies of scholarly communication.
Uses and Gratifications of the Internet and Library Information Resources: An Integrated Model Proposal
Authors: Salubi Oghenere Gabriel , Muchaonyerwa Ndakasharwa
Published: December 2018

This study sought to argue the assumptions of the uses and gratifications theory (UGT) in information media selection and use among iGenerations undergraduate students. One of the propositions of UGT is that audiences consciously interact with media with the determination to satisfy a number of information needs. Taking into perspective of the library and the Internet as information media, the limitations of UGT in illustrating the gratifications sought and gratifications obtained in the use of the Internet as well as the library as information media is highlighted. Empirical data were collected from undergraduate students who were mainly iGenerations at two universities in South Africa. Two media were evaluated: The Internet and the library. Although the Internet was the preferred media by the majority of the respondents, the purpose why undergraduate students predominantly use the Internet is not in sync with their primary information needs as students. Also, the Internet was not revealed to be an alternative media to the library although the library sometimes failed in meeting the information needs of users. The study concluded that the assumption that users seek out other media when gratifications obtained from media use does not equate gratifications sought, is not always correct. An integrated model for information media use supplemented by the expectation confirmation theory was therefore conceptualised to justify the preference in information media by iGeneration undergraduate students.
A Computing Model for Design of Flexible Buoyancy System for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles and Gliders
Authors: Tiwari BK , Sharma Rajiv
Published: December 2018

Modern design approaches are conceived and utilised in an integrated loop covering system statics, dynamics, optimisation, and others. In this regard this paper presents a computing based integrated design approach for a flexible buoyancy system (FBS) aimed towards the applications in autonomous underwater vehicles and gliders. The primary design alternatives for the FBS are: piston and pump driven and both are investigated. The primary design of autonomous underwater vehicles and gliders is computed from first principle of mechanics and defined in the computer aided design model and it is implemented in the Matlab*TM. Lastly, to show the application of the present approach, a design example is presented for a water depth of 6000 m.
Polymorphism of ADIPOQ and EDG1 genes in Indonesian beef cattle
Authors: Sutikno S. , Priyanto R. , Sumantri C. , Jakaria J.
Published: December 2018

The ADIPOQ and EDG1 genes were responsible in intramuscular fat deposition and marbling scores. This study was aimed to identify polymorphism of indel g.81966364D>I in promoter region of ADIPOQ gene and SNP c.-312A>G in 5' UTR of EDG1 gene in Indonesian beef cattle. Blood samples were collected from 211 cattle, including Bali (44), Madura (20), Pesisir (18), Katingan (20), PO (22), Pasundan (20), SO (12), Brahman (20), Simmental (15) and Limousin (18). Polymorphism of ADIPOQ gene was analyzed using PCR and direct sequencingmethods, whereas EDG1 gene was analyzed using PCR-RFLP (MscI enzyme) and direct sequencingmethods. Results of genotyping indel g.81966364D>I was monomorphic (DD genotype). The SNP c.-312A>G was polymorphic (AA and AG genotype) in Madura, Pesisir, Pasundan, Brahman, and Limousine. The Frequencies of allele A and G were 0.95, 0.92, 0.98, 0.95, 0.94 and 0.05, 0.08, 0.02, 0.05, 0.06 respectively. The values of Ho and He were 0.05-0.17 and 0.05-0.15 respectively and in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). In Bali, Katingan, PO, SO and Simmental were monomorphic (GG genotype). In Bali cattle, two novel SNP candidates were found in position of c.-399C>T and c.-273C>G which were potential to be used as genetic markers of marbling score for Bali cattle. As result this study, it can be concluded that ADIPOQ gene was similar while EDG1 gene was different in Indonesian beef cattle. in addition, found two candidates potential SNP in Bali cattle.
Il saluto finale delle petizioni nei papiri di epoca romana: da εὐτύχει a διευτύχει
Authors: Mascellari Roberto
Published: December 2018

By re-examining several papyrological documents and proposing various corrections, this article establishes that the word εὐτύχει is no longer used as closing farewell in petitions after 117 CE, when διευτύχει takes over.
Brain abnormality detection using template matching
Authors: Praveen G.B. , Agrawal Anita , Pareek Shrey , Prince Amalin
Published: December 2018

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used imaging modality to evaluate brain disorders. MRI generates huge volumes of data, which consist of a sequence of scans taken at different instances of time. As the presence of brain disorders has to be evaluated on all magnetic resonance (MR) sequences, manual brain disorder detection becomes a tedious process and is prone to inter- and intra-rater errors. A technique for detecting abnormalities in brain MRI using template matching is proposed. Bias filed correction is performed on volumetric scans using N4ITK filter, followed by volumetric registration. Normalized cross-correlation template matching is used for image registration taking into account, the rotation and scaling operations. A template of abnormality is selected which is then matched in the volumetric scans, if found, the corresponding image is retrieved. Post-processing of the retrieved images is performed by the thresholding operation; the coordinates and area of the abnormality are reported. The experiments are carried out on the glioma dataset obtained from Brain Tumor Segmentation Challenge 2013 database (BRATS 2013). Glioma dataset consisted of MR scans of 30 real glioma patients and 50 simulated glioma patients. NVIDIA Compute Unified Device Architecture framework is employed in this paper, and it is found that the detection speed using graphics processing unit is almost four times faster than using only central processing unit. The average Dice and Jaccard coefficients for a wide range of trials are found to be 0.91 and 0.83, respectively.
A brief insight into the prediction of water vapor transmissibility in highly impermeable hybrid nanocomposites based on bromobutyl/epichlorohydrin rubber blends
Authors: Sankaran Kumar , Manoharan Partheban , S Sofana Reka , Chattopadhyay Santanu
Published: December 2018

The present work proposes a schematic model for predicting the water vapor transmissibility in hybrid nanocomposites based on bromobutyl (BIIR)/epichlorohydrin (CO) rubber blends. Morphology study reveals the exfoliation of nanoclay and development of hybrid nanostructures in the rubber nanocomposites. A unique correlation between water vapor transmissibility and gas (oxygen) permeability through the rubber nanocomposites has been systematically derived. The prediction of relative water vapor transmissibility was achieved by considering the polar path along with the existing tortuous path and has been validated. Interestingly, it is found that the water vapor transmissibility (TW) directly depends on the weight fraction of the polar rubber (ΦP) in the rubber blend and permeability to gas (PG) of the nanocomposites.
Sand Dune Characterization for Preparing Metallurgical Grade Silicon
Authors: Boussaa S. Anas , Kheloufi A. , Zaourar N. Boutarek
Published: December 2018

Dune sand, from Biskra, Algeria which is in the Great Algerian huge desert attracts tourists from all over the world. Dune sand composes around 80% of the total area of the desert. To date only a few studies have been conducted on this sand. The purpose of the present study is to shed light on the textural and physico-chemical characteristics of this sand using several characterization methods, and to understand the potential for using for photovoltaic applications. The chemical composition of Biskra sand indicated a high purity quartz with 97.6% silica, and a presence of others oxides. Granular analysis enabled the determination of the size of the sand grains which was found to be fine to medium. On the other hand, a Scanning Electron Microscopy and optical observations were carried out, the micrographs observations indicated the presence of different shapes of sand grain, some rounded whereas others are angular edged or elongated. X-ray diffraction indicates the highly crystalline nature of the Biskra sand.
Catalytic Applications of Large Pore Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized SBA-15 Mesoporous Silica for Esterification
Authors: Erdem Beyhan , Erdem Sezer , Öksüzoğlu Ramis Mustafa
Published: December 2018

We report the preparation of pore expanded and sulfonic acid functionalized mesoporous silica catalysts by using different kinds of swelling agents such as 1,3,5-trimethyl benzene (TMB), n-decane (D), n-tridecane (TD), and n-hexadecane (HD) at two different ratios of swelling agent/surfactant. Non-swelled mesoporous silica catalyst, SBA-15-SO3H, was also prepared for comparison. The performance of the sulfonic acid functionalized solid acid catalysts by using one-pot synthesis procedure was evaluated in terms of their catalytic activity in the esterification of propionic acid with methanol. The catalysts have been characterized by X-ray diffraction to investigate the phase transition between the hexagonally packed arrangement of cylindrical pores and mesocellular silica foams (MCF), and N2 adsorption/desorption technique in terms of pore size and distributions. It was concluded from the XRD and N2 adsorption/desorption analyses that hexagonally packed and cylindrical pore structure is maintained only for low ratio of swelling agent/surfactant and the increase of the dimension of a template micelle is accompanied by an increase in structural disruption, which was attributed to the phase transition from highly ordered hexagonal arrangement to mesocellular foam (MCF) phase with large nodded pore structures rather than cylindrical pores. Among the different swelling agents, TMB and D were found to be effective for the increase in pore diameter (up to 8 and 7.8 nm), whereas, TD and HD (6.6 nm) are effective to maintain the ordered X-ray diffraction patterns resulting mesoporous materials without giving enlargement of pore diameter in comparison with TMB and D. Pore expanded catalysts, SBA-15-SO3H-TMB-0.1 and SBA-15-SO3H-D-0.1, exhibit 68 and 43% enhancement in turnover frequency toward propionic acid methanol esterification, respectively, over non-swelled SBA-15-SO3H, despite possessing similar acid strengths. The increased activity especially for SBA-15-SO3H-TMB-0.1 and SBA-15-SO3H-D-0.1 likely reflects the accessibility to the active sulfonic acid sites as well as acidity.
Postfixation or inflection inside derivation
Authors: Körtvélyessy Lívia , Štekauer Pavol
Published: December 2018

The paper discusses the widely accepted assumption concerning the postulated universal ordering of derivational and inflectional affixes, first proposed by Greenberg as Universal #28. Various theoretical and empirical predictions underlying this assumption are briefly outlined. A sample of 73 European languages and a sample of 58 ‘world’ languages are used to show the range of violations of Greenberg’s universal in order to propose a tentative typology of these violations, and to examine the relatedness of postfixation to the genetic type of a language and its areal characteristics.
Lignin-based foams as insulation materials: a review
Authors: Mimini Vebi , Kabrelian Vasken , Fackler Karin , Hettegger Hubert , Potthast Antje , Rosenau Thomas
Published: December 2018

The bulk use of renewable polymers is currently largely limited to cellulose and, less significantly, hemicelluloses. Technical lignins are only applied in novel materials to a rather limited extent, although bulk lignin utilization is a worldwide research object. Native lignins, which belong to the second or third most abundant biopolymers of terrestrial plants, are mostly used in the form of technical lignins from wood pulping processes; they are employed in low-performance sectors or simply burnt for the generation of energy. Technical lignins are available in huge quantities and have a large application potential, mainly in areas where their aromatic nature is of relevance. This review presents the state of the art of foamed lignin-based polymers (lignofoams) as high-performance insulation materials. In the focus of this presentation are the fundamental foaming principles and influential agents that have an improvement potential concerning the matrix interactions between technical lignins (including lignosulfonates) and a copolymer in foam composites. The different approaches for foam preparation are critically compared. In general, the reviewed papers disclose that the lignin part in foams should be less than 37%. There are significant difficulties to improve the properties of lignofoams, and thus intensive research is needed to find better formulations and new technologies.
shRNA-Induced Knockdown of a Bioinformatically Predicted Target IL10 Influences Functional Parameters in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats with Asthma
Authors: Drevytska Tatiana , Morhachov Roman , Tumanovska Lesya , Portnichenko Georgiy , Nagibin Vasyl , Boldyriev Oleksiy , Lapikova-Bryhinska Tatiana , Gurianova Veronika , Dons’koi Borys , Freidin Maxim , Ivanisenko Vladimir , Bragina Elena Yu , Hofestädt Ralf , Dosenko Victor
Published: December 2018

One of the most common comorbid pathology is asthma and arterial hypertension. For experimental modeling of comorbidity we have used spontaneously hypertensive rats with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, OVA-induced asthma group; OVA-induced asthma + IL10 shRNA interference group. Target gene (IL10) was predicted by ANDSystem. We have demonstrated that RNA-interference of IL10 affected cardiovascular (tested using Millar microcatheter system) as well as respiratory functions (tested using force-oscillation technique, Flexivent) in rats. We have shown that during RNA-interference of IL10 gene in vivo there were changes in both cardiac and lung function parameters. These changes in the cardiovascular parameters can be described as positive. But the more intensive heart workload can lead to exhaust and decompensation of the heart functions. Knockdown of IL10 gene in asthma modeling induces some positive changes in respiratory functions of asthmatic animals such as decreased elastance and increased compliance of the lungs, as well as less pronounced pathomorphological changes in the lung tissue. Thus, we provide the data about experimentally confirmed functionality changes of the target which was in silico predicted to be associated with both asthma and hypertension – in our new experimental model of comorbid pathology.
Active optics in astronomy – modeling of deformable substrates: freeform surfaces for FIREBall and MESSIER
Authors: Lemaitre Gérard Rene
Published: December 2018

Active optics techniques on large telescopes and astronomical instrumentations provide high imaging quality. For ground-based astronomy, the co-addition of adaptive optics again increases angular resolution up to providing diffraction-limited imaging at least in the infrared. Active and adaptive optics marked milestone progress in the detection of exoplanets, super-massive black holes, and large-scale structure of galaxies. This paper is dedicated to highly deformable active optics that can generate non-axisymmetric aspheric surfaces – or freeform surfaces – by use of a minimum number of actuators: a single uniform load acts over the surface of a vase-form substrate whilst under reaction to its elliptical perimeter ring. Two such instruments are presented: (1) the Faint Intergalactic Redshifted Emission Balloon (FIREBall) telescope and multi object spectrograph (MOS) where the freeform reflective diffraction grating is generated by replication of a deformable master grating, and (2) the MESSIER wide-field low-central-obstruction three-mirror-anastigmat (TMA) telescope proposal where the freeform mirror is generated by stress figuring and elastic relaxation. Freeform surfaces were obtained by plane super-polishing. Preliminary analysis required use of the optics theory of 3rd-order aberrations and elasticity theory of thin elliptical plates. Final cross-optimizations were carried out with Zemax raytracing code and Nastran FEA elasticity code in order to determine geometry of the deformable substrates.
IUPAC Periodic Table of the Elements and Isotopes (IPTEI) for the Education Community (IUPAC Technical Report)
Authors: Holden Norman E. , Coplen Tyler B. , Böhlke John K. , Tarbox Lauren V. , Benefield Jacqueline , de Laeter John R. , Mahaffy Peter G. , O’Connor Glenda , Roth Etienne , Tepper Dorothy H. , Walczyk Thomas , Wieser Michael E. , Yoneda Shigekazu
Published: December 2018

The IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) Periodic Table of the Elements and Isotopes (IPTEI) was created to familiarize students, teachers, and non-professionals with the existence and importance of isotopes of the chemical elements. The IPTEI is modeled on the familiar Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements. The IPTEI is intended to hang on the walls of chemistry laboratories and classrooms. Each cell of the IPTEI provides the chemical name, symbol, atomic number, and standard atomic weight of an element. Color-coded pie charts in each element cell display the stable isotopes and the relatively long-lived radioactive isotopes having characteristic terrestrial isotopic compositions that determine the standard atomic weight of each element. The background color scheme of cells categorizes the 118 elements into four groups: (1) white indicates the element has no standard atomic weight, (2) blue indicates the element has only one isotope that is used to determine its standard atomic weight, which is given as a single value with an uncertainty, (3) yellow indicates the element has two or more isotopes that are used to determine its standard atomic weight, which is given as a single value with an uncertainty, and (4) pink indicates the element has a well-documented variation in its atomic weight, and the standard atomic weight is expressed as an interval. An element-by-element review accompanies the IPTEI and includes a chart of all known stable and radioactive isotopes for each element. Practical applications of isotopic measurements and technologies are included for the following fields: forensic science, geochronology, Earth-system sciences, environmental science, and human health sciences, including medical diagnosis and treatment.
Mütterliche Ursachen in Proklos’ Metaphysik
Authors: Schultz Jana
Published: December 2018

In his commentary on Plato’sParmenidesProclos describes the maternal and paternal contributions to reproduction as of equal value: The paternal seed furnishes potential λόγοι, the mother actualises them and so causes the reversion of the offspring. However, the definition of the mother as actualising cause is linked to the particular circumstances of conception in the sphere of nature. In general, Proclus bases his concept of femininity on the idea of a shared, but not equal activity by paternal and maternal causes. In the metaphysical sphere the maternal cause is distinguished by its inspiring activity, that is, it provokes the procession of powers that are permanently anchored in the father and so it enables the begetting of the offspring as an entity separate from the father. This activity involves a loss of perfection, which is the basis for a difference in value between the activities of the maternal and paternal causes.
Radiation protective characteristics of some selected tungstates
Authors: Sayyed Mohammed I. , Lakshminarayana Gandham , Kaçal Mustafa R. , Akman Ferdi
Published: December 2018

The mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) of calcium tungstate, ammonium tungsten oxide, bismuth tungsten oxide, lithium tungstate, cadmium tungstate, magnesium tungstate, strontium tungsten oxide and sodium dodecatungstophosphate hydrate were measured at 14 photon energies in the energy range of 81–1333 keV using 22Na, 54Mn, 57Co, 60Co, 133Ba and 137Cs radioactive sources. The measured μ/ρ values were compared with those obtained from WinXCOM program and the differences between the experimental and theoretical values were very small. The bismuth tungsten oxide has the highest μ/ρ among the present samples in the studied energy region. From the μ/ρ values, we calculated the half value layer, tenth value layer and mean free path, and the results showed that ammonium tungsten oxide (which has the lowest density) and bismuth tungsten oxide (which has the highest density) possess the highest and lowest values of these three parameters, respectively. Additionally, from the incident and transmitted photon intensities, we calculated the radiation protection efficiency (RPE). The bismuth tungsten oxide was found to have RPE 98.53 % at 81 keV, which has the maximum value among the present samples and this suggested that bismuth tungsten oxide is the best to be chosen as the γ radiation shielding material candidate among the selected samples.
The role of neurovascular unit damage in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liu Xin , Hou DeRen , Lin FangBo , Luo Jing , Xie JingWen , Wang Yan , Tian Yi
Published: December 2018

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive cognitive impairment. It is the most common type of senile dementia, accounting for 65%–70% of senile dementia [Alzheimer’s Association (2016). 2016 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement. 12, 459–509]. At present, the pathogenesis of AD is still unclear. It is considered that β-amyloid deposition, abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein, and neurofibrillary tangles are the basic pathological changes of AD. However, the role of neurovascular unit damage in the pathogenesis of AD has been attracting more and more attention in recent years. The composition of neurovascular unit and the role of neurovascular unit damage in the occurrence and development of AD were reviewed in this paper.
Equiatomic iron-based tetrelides TFeSi and TFeGe (T = Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta) – A 57Fe Mössbauer-spectroscopic study
Authors: Stein Sebastian , Block Theresa , Klenner Steffen , Heletta Lukas , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: December 2018

The equiatomic iron-silicides TFeSi as well as the corresponding germanides TFeGe with the electron-poor 4d and 5d transition metals (T=Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta) have been synthesized from the elements by arc-melting. All samples were characterized through their lattice parameters using powder X-ray diffraction (Guinier technique). Four structures were refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: a=640.16(3), b=393.45(5), c=718.42(6) pm, Pnma, 390 F
2 values, 20 parameters, wR2=0.0294 for ZrFeSi (TiNiSi type), a=719.63(11), b=1119.27(7), c=649.29(7) pm, Ima2, 1103 F
2 values, 54 parameters, wR2=0.0555 for NbFeGe (TiFeSi type), a=655.96(7), c=372.54(4) pm, P6̅2m, 251 F
2 values, 15 parameters, wR2=0.0260 for HfFeGe (ZrNiAl type) and a=624.10(3), b=378.10(6), c=725.25(7) pm, Pnma, 369 F
2 values, 20 parameters, wR2=0.0513 for TaFeGe (TiNiSi type). The common structural motif of the four different structures is the slightly distorted tetrahedral tetrel (tr) coordination of the iron atoms and a trigonal prismatic coordination of iron by T=Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta. Three compounds were characterized as Pauli-paramagnetic by measuring their susceptibility. The measurement of the electrical resistivity of NbFeSi characterises this compound as a good metal. Furthermore, 57Fe Mössbauer spectra of all compounds could be obtained at room temperature, revealing a clear correlation between the structural distortions and the quadrupole splitting parameters.
On the Curious Calculi of Wittgenstein and Spencer Brown
Authors: Landini Gregory
Published: December 2018

In his Tractatus, Wittgenstein sets out what he calls his N-operator notation which can be used to calculate whether an expression is a tautology. In his Laws of Form, George Spencer Brown offers what he calls a “primary algebra” for such calculation. Both systems are perplexing. But comparing two blurry images can reduce noise, producing a focus. This paper reveals that Spencer Brown independently rediscovered the quantifier-free part of the N-operator calculus. The comparison sheds a flood light on each and from the letters of correspondence we shall find that Russell, as one might have surmised, was a catalyst for both.
Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Aerobic Capacity and Performance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bennett Hunter , Slattery Flynn
Published: December 2018

Bennett, H and Slattery, F. Effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic capacity and performance: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 572–583, 2019—Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a novel training method that can elicit training adaptations at low training intensities. Recent research has aimed to determine the effect of aerobic exercise with BFR on aerobic fitness and performance, with conflicting results. This review aimed to systematically identify and assess studies that have combined BFR with aerobic exercise in humans, establishing its effect on aerobic fitness and performance. Five databases (Medline, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, CINHAL, and ScienceDirect) were searched. Two authors independently conducted all searches and reviewed all abstracts, determining article suitability. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used to assess risk of bias in each study. Fourteen studies were included for analysis. Blood flow restriction aerobic exercise increased measures of aerobic fitness and performance in younger adults when using occlusion pressures ≥130 mm Hg. In older adults, measures of aerobic performance improved; however, measures of aerobic fitness remained unchanged. These findings must be interpreted with caution because methodological limitations were present in all trials. Short-term BFR aerobic exercise seems to offer a valid method of improving aerobic performance and fitness in healthy adults when using occlusion pressures ≥130 mm Hg. Conversely, it seems to strictly enhance aerobic performance in older adults without impacting aerobic fitness, potentially suggesting different mechanisms of adaptation between older and younger individuals. Despite methodological limitations, BFR aerobic exercise seems to have applications in scenarios where high-intensity aerobic exercise is not appropriate, although more high-quality research is needed to further demonstrate this.
Effects of Sports Compression Socks on Performance, Physiological, and Hematological Alterations After Long-Haul Air Travel in Elite Female Volleyballers
Authors: Broatch James R. , Bishop David J. , Zadow Emma K. , Halson Shona
Published: December 2018

Broatch, JR, Bishop, DJ, Zadow, EK, and Halson, S. Effects of sports compression socks on performance, physiological, and hematological alterations after long-haul air travel in elite female volleyballers. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 492–501, 2019—The purpose of this investigation was to assess the merit of sports compression socks in minimizing travel-induced performance, physiological, and hematological alterations in elite female volleyball athletes. Twelve elite female volleyballers (age, 25 ± 2 years) traveled from Canberra (Australia) to Manila (Philippines), and were assigned to 1 of 2 conditions; compression socks (COMP, n = 6) worn during travel or a passive control (CON, n = 6). Dependent measures included countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, subjective ratings of well-being, cardiovascular function, calf girth, and markers of blood clotting, collected before (−24 hours, CMJ; −12 hours, all measures), during (+6.5 and +9 hours, subjective ratings and cardiovascular function), and after (+12 hours, all measures except CMJ; +24 hours and +48 hours, CMJ) travel. When compared with CON, small-to-large effects were observed for COMP to improve heart rate (+9 hours), oxygen saturation (+6.5 hours and +9 hours), alertness (+6.5 hours), fatigue (+6.5 hours), muscle soreness (+6.5 hours and +9 hours), and overall health (+6.5 hours) during travel. After travel, small-to-moderate effects were observed for COMP to improve systolic blood pressure (+12 hours), right calf girth (+12 hours), CMJ height (+24 hours), mean velocity (+24 hours), and relative power (+48 hours), compared with CON. COMP had no effect on the markers of blood clotting. This study suggests that compression socks are beneficial in combating the stressors imposed by long-haul travel in elite athletes, and may have merit for individuals frequenting long-haul travel or competing soon after flying.
Diseño del estudio de un proyecto de investigación: el caso del comportamiento operativo de las empresas del sector veterinario/Design of the study of a research project: the case of the operational behavior of the veterinary sector companies
Authors: Latorre Guillem Miguel Ángel , Alfonso Sargues Sandra , Muñoz García Mª Cristina
Published: December 2018

El desarrollo de este trabajo que estudia el comportamiento y desempeño de las empresas del sector veterinario. Se plantea como objetivo el ser una referencia para otros investigadores en las actuaciones que consideramos idóneas a seguir en el diseño de un proyecto de investigación. Así, las diversas complicaciones que hemos encontrado en esta cuestión nos hacen pensar en el interés que pueda despertar para el resto de investigadores. Por lo que, este trabajo persigue estudiar, por  un lado, una mejora en la calidad de la atención veterinaria. Y, por otro lado, lograr beneficios empresariales que incorporen estabilidad económica en la actividad de los hospitales veterinarios. Para este fin, este proyecto de investigación presenta un línea de actuación que parte de la revisión de la literatura y la creación de una muestra del sector veterinario español que permiten la formulación de las hipótesis necesarias para realizar este estudio. La metodología que se propone en este trabajo, utiliza la información económica - financiera que procede de las cuentas anuales de las empresas de la muestra confeccionada. De esta manera, el trabajo persigue en su diseño realizar un análisis dentro del comportamiento operativo del sector. Y presentar propuestas de mejora en el modelo de negocio del hospital veterinario de la Universidad Católica de Valencia “San Vicente Mártir”.
Los contenidos de marca: una propuesta taxonómica / Brand contents: a taxonomic proposal
Authors: Castelló Martínez Araceli , Del Pino Romero Cristina
Published: December 2018

El artículo reflexiona sobre la amplia variedad de conceptos existentes para hacer referencia a los llamados contenidos de marca, como advertainment, branded content o branded entertainment, entre otros. A partir de la revisión bibliográfica, se realiza una propuesta taxonómica, incluyendo en la clasificación otros términos que también aluden a contenidos, especialmente difundidos en plataformas digitales, como el inbound marketing, la publicidad nativa o el advergaming. Las variables que se seleccionan para la clasificación son el tipo de soporte en el que suelen estar presentes las acciones (digital o no) y los objetivos de comunicación persuasiva al servicio de los cuales se diseñan (publicitarios o corporativos). Los resultados demuestran la relación de interdependencia existente entre los conceptos empleados para hablar de los contenidos de marca, siendo los conceptos branded content y advertainment los más utilizados.
Assessment of Cooling and Heat Transfer Properties of Quenchants with MATLAB
Authors: Meekisho Lemmy , Simencio Otero Rosa L. , Viscaino Jônatas M. , Scott MacKenzie D. , Totten George E. , Canale Lauralice C. F.
Published: December 2018

There is ongoing interest for evaluating the potential of renewable base stocks, such as vegetable oils, to replace petroleum oils as metal quenchants. Perhaps the most critical part of this process is characterizing and comparing the cooling and heat transfer performance of potential quenchant candidates. In this work, cooling curves of two vegetable oils, palm oil and canola oil, were obtained along with a commercially available conventional and an accelerated petroleum quenchant using the so-called Tensi multiple thermocouple probe, with emphasis on the center probe emulating a small probe concept. The lumped-parameter approach was implemented in the MATLAB environment (Mathworks Inc., Natick, MA). Experimental quenching data along with temperature-dependent thermal properties for the Inconel probe material were used to quantify the cooling characteristics and heat transfer properties of two typical vegetable and petroleum oil quenchants. The results obtained exhibited a fundamental difference in the cooling characteristics between the vegetable oils and also between both vegetable oils and the petroleum oil quenchants evaluated. The focus of this article will be on the development of the computational codes and the use of MATLAB to perform these analyses.
The role of biological control in the sustainability of the Cuban agri-food system
Authors: Pérez-Consuegra Nilda , Mirabal Luis , Jiménez Luis C.
Published: December 2018

We analyze the role biological control plays in the Cuban agri-food system and discuss an experience at the country level that demonstrates that the pest problem can be handled through an ecological and sustainable approach. Biological control is one of the key components of a systemic approach that characterizes pest management. Its implementation has led to the removal of a group of highly dangerous pesticides from the Official List of Authorized Pesticides and reduced use of others. Greater emphasis has been placed on augmentative biological control, which is a tendency repeated throughout the world. In Cuba, rudimentary production occurs in 176 Centers for the Reproduction of Entomophages and Entomopathogens (CREE) located throughout the country; four industrial production plants are in operation, as are pilot plants and facilities in research centers. The biological control agents that are most reproduced are the parasitoids Lixophaga diatraeae (Townsend) (Diptera: Tachinidae) and Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), the entomopathogens Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacillales: Bacillaceae), and Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae); the antagonist Trichoderna Persoon (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae); and the nematodes of the Heterorhabditis Poinar (Nematoda: Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) genus. The use of predatory mites in inoculative strategies is limited due to their restricted availability, in spite of the fact that different alternatives have been evaluated for their massive reproduction with encouraging results. The achievements and progress obtained in classical and augmentative biological control and the changes in the understanding and thinking in Cuban agricultural have laid strong foundations for biological control through conservation of natural enemies. This latter strategy is greatly valued in sustainable agriculture. Please refer to Supplementary Materials, Full text Spanish version of this article, for a full text Spanish version of this article.
Assessing agroecosystem sustainability in Cuba: A new agrobiodiversity index
Authors: Leyva Ángel , Lores Abady
Published: December 2018

The main constraint to sustainable agrarian development in Cuba has been a poorly balanced agrobiodiversity in its agroecosystems. This is the result of mainstream agrarian policy that focuses on sugarcane monocropping, following the principles of modern agriculture as promoted over the last 50 years. This paper discusses the development of a new Index of Agrobiodiversity (IDA), a tool used to identify the extent to which agroecosystems are sustainable, based on their agrobiodiversity. It describes the research carried out to identify the index components, how the index was developed and how its efficiency was assessed. The paper also presents a practical experience whereby agroecosystems from Cuba’s urban agriculture movement were measured. Our analysis suggests that the Index of Agrobiodiversity is a valid proposal: its main success lies in the fact that few material and human resources are needed, and that the required information is generated through the work of local farmers themselves. Moreover, the results can encourage farmers to increase agrobiodiversity in their agroecosystems. Please refer to Supplementary Materials, Full text Spanish version of this article, for a full text Spanish version of this article.
Yeast Models of Phosphomannomutase 2 Deficiency, a Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation
Authors: Lao Jessica P , DiPrimio Nina , Prangley Madeleine , Sam Feba S , Mast Joshua D , Perlstein Ethan O
Published: December 2018

Phosphomannomutase 2 Deficiency (PMM2-CDG) is the most common monogenic congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) affecting at least 800 patients globally. PMM2 orthologs are present in model organisms, including the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene SEC53. Here we describe conserved genotype-phenotype relationships across yeast and human patients between five PMM2 loss-of-function missense mutations and their orthologous SEC53 mutations. These alleles range in severity from folding defective (hypomorph) to dimerization defective (severe hypomorph) to catalytic dead (null). We included the first and second most common missense mutations – R141H, F119L respectively– and the most common compound heterozygote genotype – PMM2R141H/F119L – observed in PMM2-CDG patients. Each mutation described is expressed in haploid as well as homozygous and heterozygous diploid yeast cells at varying protein expression levels as either SEC53 protein variants or PMM2 protein variants. We developed a 384-well-plate, growth-based assay for use in a screen of the 2,560-compound Microsource Spectrum library of approved drugs, experimental drugs, tool compounds and natural products. We identified three compounds that suppress growth defects of SEC53 variants, F126L and V238M, based on the biochemical defect of the allele, protein abundance or ploidy. The rare PMM2 E139K protein variant is fully functional in yeast cells, suggesting that its pathogenicity in humans is due to the underlying DNA mutation that results in skipping of exon 5 and a nonfunctional truncated protein. Together, these results demonstrate that yeast models can be used to characterize known and novel PMM2 patient alleles in quantitative growth and enzymatic activity assays, and used as patient avatars for PMM2-CDG drug screens yielding compounds that could be rapidly cross-validated in zebrafish, rodent and human organoid models.
Discourse processes and topic management in false confession contamination by police investigators
Authors: Gaines Philip
Published: December 2018

This article advances an analysis of discourse processes which produce confession contamination by two police investigators in an interrogation which resulted in a voluntary false confession. Specifically, I identify and exemplify processes which I call ‘clueing’, ‘stacking’, ‘marking’ and ‘telling’, which are recruited to both covertly and overtly disclose inside crime knowledge to an innocent suspect who is being questioned about such knowledge but is, of course, unable to supply it.
‘She does not flee the house’
Authors: Matoesian Gregory , Gilbert Kristin Enola
Published: December 2018

This article shows how an attorney's multimodal narrative transforms an opening statement into an argument about the credibility of the main prosecution witness. The defence attorney integrates speech, gestures and exhibits to shape motion events and spatial images into relevant objects of evidentiary knowledge, creating inconsistencies in the witness's account under the auspices of merely showing the jury locations and movements in the defendant's home. We demonstrate how the encoding of motion events percolates in and through a polyrhythmic and multidimensional poetic format to naturalise gender ideologies – cultural expectations governing victim identity – in the social construction of rape's legal facticity.

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Epidural morphine combined with single-injection femoral nerve block for postoperative analgesia in patients after total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial v1
Authors: Meng Zhao-Ting , Cui Fan , Li Xue-Ying , Wang Dong-Xin
Published: December 2018

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important therapy for patients with serious knee osteoarthritis in order to improve quality of life and relieve pain. But a large number of patients who undergo this surgery experience moderate to severe postoperative pain. Previously, the investigators used single femoral nerve blockade combined with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for postoperative analgesia for patients after TKA. Although this method provides acceptable analgesia, the incidence of opioid-associated side effects is relatively high. Low-dose epidural morphine is commonly used in postoperative analgesia after cesarean section, and the effect of single dose morphine lasts more than 20 hours, with low incidences of itching, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression. The investigators hypothesize that, for patients undergoing TKA, the addition of low-dose epidural morphine to single femoral nerve block and intravenous opioids can improve the postoperative analgesia, reduce the consumption of intravenous opioids and decrease opioid-associated side effects.
El uso de smartphones y tablets en Educación Infantil. Una propuesta de investigación que empodera a la infancia
Authors: Castro Zubizarreta Ana , Caldeiro Pedreira Mari Carmen , Rodríguez-Rosell María Mar
Published: December 2018

El ecosistema mediático actual y la omnipresencia de pantallas se han convertido en un elemento protagónico en la sociedad hiperconectada. Cada vez a edades más tempranas los menores, denominados como nativos digitales, están en contacto con la tecnología. Hoy en día contamos con numerosos estudios que confirman el contacto directo con dispositivos electrónicos y tecnología móvil, sin embargo, existe una marcada carencia de investigaciones que den voz a la infancia y que muestren su óptica e intereses.Ante esta necesidad y teniendo en cuenta el derecho de la infancia a participar y a ser escuchada, se ha diseñado una herramienta que permita visibilizar sus intereses y darles voz. El instrumento está elaborado según tres dimensiones: provisión, protección y participación que se estructuran entorno a diferentes categorías que justifican el valor de las diferentes técnicas de recogida de información que componen el instrumento. La herramienta se utilizará en ambientes adecuados para la participación buscando espacios conocidos para los niños, cómodos y en los que no se sientan intimidados ya que el instrumento se pasará a los niños por parejas o por tríos para mitigar, en la medida de lo posible, la disparidad de poder del adulto respecto a los pequeños.