bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robust vegetation detection using RGB colour composites and isoclust classification of the Landsat TM image
Authors: Lemenkova Polina
Published: December 2024

The paper presents the application of ArcGIS for environmental modelling of the landscapes in northern Iceland (17.00°W–23.00°W, 64.30°N–67.00°N). The aim was to explore the vegetation distribution by NDVI and ISOCLUST classification of the land cover types. Data include the Landsat TM image. Freely available satellite remote sensing data from the Landsat mission have been processed by GIS to deliver information on land cover types from image classification and NDVI vegetation index. Landsat products provide geospatial data on regional scale with moderate temporal (weekly) and spatial (30–10 m) resolution, making them useful for environmental monitoring and landscape studies. The tools include the ArcGIS software used for raster processing. Data processing was performed in the three steps: 1) comparative analysis of the visualized sixteen band combinations to assess the distinguishability of vegetation and other land cover types in colour composites; 2) computed NDVI standardized vegetation index; 3) unsupervised classification of the Landsat TM by the ISOCLUST algorithm. Large glaciers Hofsjökull and Langjökull were detected on various colour composites, and the visibility of the water/land borders is assessed (Blöndulón lake), agricultural areas near the Varmahlíð, vegetated areas around the Akrahreppur municipality. Computing the NDVI and using ISOCLUST by ArcGIS software enabled to distinguish various land cover types and map landscapes in the study area. The computed NDVI shown the presence and condition of vegetation, that is, a relative biomass in the area of northern Iceland. The NDVI was used based on the contrast of the two channels from a multispectral Landsat TM raster data.
Synergy of photogrametric data obtained based on terrestrial photos and UAV images
Authors: Piech Izabela , Szyszka Wioletta
Published: December 2024

Methods of short-range digital photogrammetry and unmanned aerial vehicle imagining increasingly find more extensive usage in various types of measurements. In recent years, modern photogrammetric technologies have found wide application in recreating 3D models of any objects. The resulting 3D models can be a source of information that may be used for measurement, inventorying and cataloguing, as well as for visualisation purposes.
New methods of acquiring spatial data have been developed, such as laser scanning, imaging using unmanned aerial vehicles or digital non-metric cameras. Synergy and the confluence of these data have expanded the existing measurement possibilities, finding application in 3D modelling, inventorying of monuments, or monument conservation. Photogrammetric methods are comparable to direct measurement methods in terms of their accuracy, as well as speed and cost. They have a number of advantages, including a shortened time required for taking a photo, which is greatly convenient when measuring moving objects. Other advantages of photogrammetric methods include the possibility of development and performing measurements in chamber conditions and the lack of restrictions pertaining to repeating the measurement when errors are found or a need arises to supplement them [Kurczyński and Preuss 2000]. One of the possibilities offered by photogrammetry is the ability to create 3D visualizations. The creation of a three-dimensional model facilitates presenting the inventoried object in a realistic, complete, and up-to-date manner. This paper presents an attempt to synergise data for modelling a three-dimensional architectural object based on photos obtained with the Nikon D7500 non-metric camera and with the DJI Mavic Air unmanned aerial vehicle.
A study on the maintenance of spatial order in the development perspectives of the city of Nowy Targ
Authors: Kasprzyk Hubert , Mika Monika , Kotlarz Paweł
Published: December 2024

The study aims to analyse the functioning of the city of Nowy Targ in the context of maintaining the principles of spatial order. The concept of spatial order is used not only by city planners, but also by other representatives of sciences related to spatial management. Spatial order is an interdisciplinary concept as it appears in many fields of sciences, not only technical ones. Inextricably linked to the idea of sustainable development, spatial order combines issues from urban planning, architecture, economy, and environmental protection. It can be considered in relation to several categories, such as: conscious space design, development of appropriate spatial patterns, protection of characteristic spatial systems, shaping space in accordance with tradition and culture, and counteracting spatial disharmony trends. This study begins by discussing various definitions of spatial order found in the literature. A study on the maintenance of the principles of spatial order in Nowy Targ covered a range of factors from the socio-economic, functional, cultural, environmental to compositional and aesthetic. While developing such a topic it is important to verify the stages of implementation of the assumptions of source documentation, like the ‘Nowy Targ City Development Strategy for 2019-2023 with an outlook to 2030’. The following research tools were used in the study: Desk Research (a review of publicly available data, including a study of legal regulations and a review of the literature on the subject) and CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interviews – an online survey addressed to a wider audience).
The results of the analyses showed Nowy Targ’s significant potential for the implementation of spatial order principles and high social awareness of the need to respect them by its inhabitants.
Investigation of litho-biostratigraphic characteristics and geographical distribution of Coniacian-Santonian formations: a case study in the Aures Mountains, eastern Saharan Atlas, Algeria
Authors: Bentaher Fahima , Defaflia Nabil , Benmansour Sana , Fehdi Chemseddine
Published: December 2024

The Coniacian-Santonian series in the Aures Mountains of northeastern Algeria is characterized by marly-dominated sedimentation processes. This study aims to comprehensively investigate this series by combining lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic data. The unique paleogeographic position of the Aures basin supports the co-occurrence of diverse paleontological contents in the Upper Cretaceous sediments. The methodology employed in this study includes a detailed bio-lithostratigraphic analysis to subdivide the Coniacian-Santonian series into two distinct sets. The first set comprises alternating marl-limestone units that exhibit a high fossil concentration from the Coniacian age, while the second set mainly consists of marly sediments corresponding to the Santonian age. The results obtained from this study highlight the geographical distribution of litho-biostratigraphic characteristics and reveal the presence of two formations. The lower formation is characterized by carbonated marls intercalated with limestone banks, containing fossils of Peroniceras (Tissotia tissoto) from the Coniacian age. Meanwhile, the upper formation is predominantly marly and indicates the Santonian age by displaying fossils of Palcenticeras polypsis. Furthermore, a biostratigraphic analysis focused on foraminifers allows for the subdivision of the Coniacian-Santonian series in the Aures Mountains into three distinct biozones. The first biozone corresponds to the lower Coniacian age and is identified by the presence of Dicarinella primitiva. The second biozone represents the middle to upper coniacian age and contains Dicarinella concavata fossils. Finally, the third biozone, belonging to the Santonian age, is marked by the occurrence of Dicarinella asymetrica. The boundary between the Coniacian and Santonian series in the Aures Mountains is characterized by the first appearance of Dicarinella asymetrica and Palcenticeras polypsis species. This multidisciplinary study provides valuable insights into the litho-biostratigraphic characteristics and geographical distribution of the Coniacian-Santonian series in the Aures Mountains. The findings make a significant contribution to a better understanding of sedimentary processes and the paleontological content within this region during the Upper Cretaceous period.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of planning tools in the protection of landscape values, on the example of the Wysowa Zdrój village
Authors: Gertner Agnieszka Maria , Giedych Renata
Published: December 2024

Landscape values are defined in the Polish nature protection law as the natural, cultural and visual values of a given area formed by the nature forces or human activity. Protection of landscape values is realized by the establishment of nature conservation categories with different conservation regimes. No less important instrument for the protection of landscape amenities is spatial planning. This is particularly important in areas exposed to urbanization pressures due to the attractiveness of the area for the development of residential and tourist functions. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of different instruments for the protection of valuable landscape structures. The research was conducted in the Wysowa village, a health and tourist resort. The analysis showed that the most stable elements of the landscape structure are forests. The most vulnerable to irreversible changes are arable land and pastures. Despite many provisions regarding the preservation of scenic exposure, landforms, historical layout of fields and buildings, one can get the impression that activities in the field of preserving landscape values are not strictly followed. This is due to the fact that some of the analysed documents do not have the character of commonly binding laws. In the documents legally binding at the municipal level, the provisions relating to the need to preserve protection of scenic values are very general and lack detailed guidelines regarding the specific measures that should be applied. As a result, there is a considerable flexibility in land use changes, which reduces the protection of landscape values.
Use of terrestrial laser scanning point cloud in the inventory of Mechowo Caves
Authors: Klapa Przemysław , Mitka Bartosz , Duraziński Dawid , Podżorska Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

An inventory is a set of technical operations for obtaining reliable information about a site in order to prepare technical and descriptive documentation, presenting the current state of objects. One of the measurement technologies allowing for the acquisition of reliable and comprehensive information about a site is terrestrial laser scanning. A point cloud from terrestrial laser scanning generates both 2D surveys and 3D models of various types of objects. The scope of research work included the application of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) technology in the inventory of the Mechowo Caves – a cave in the village of Mechowo. The survey of the area in front of the
cave and its part accessible to visitors was carried out using a Leica P40 laser scanner. Due to the highly varied shape of the cave ( multiple low and narrow passages) and its unique character, the measurement had to be performed in a non-standard way – with the use of numerous measuring stations with different combinations of measuring instrument settings and variable scanning parameters. As a result of the work, a point cloud was generated, based on which cross-sections presenting the spatial layout of the Mechowo Caves were created, as well as a 3D model of the area covered by the survey.
Analysis and improvement of the fragmentation quality of blasted rock using digital image processing: the case of the Kef Lahmer quarry, N-E Algeria
Authors: Tabet Abdelhak , Benyoucef Ali Ahmed , Zerzour Oussama , Batouche Toufik , Achour Zine Eddine
Published: December 2024

The mining industry plays a significant role in the extraction and processing of various ore materials (phosphate, copper, iron, gold, aggregates and others), contributing to industrial and economic development. Rock fragmentation is a fundamental operation and a complex element in mining activities influenced by multiple parameters, including geological and geometric factors, explosive load parameters, and others related to the details of the execution of the blasting plan. The effectiveness of blasting depends on factors such as the geological structure, volume, optimal size of rocks to be blasted, and compliance with safety conditions. To achieve desirable outcomes, it is crucial to make informed decisions regarding the types and quantities of explosives to be used, along with other principal parameters of drilling-blasting design. Continuous evaluation of rock fragmentation is essential for optimizing blasting plans by contributing to the improvement of the quality-price ratio under favorable environmental and safety conditions. This study aims to analyze and enhance the quality of rock fragmentation resulting from blasting activities in the Kef Lahmar-Setif limestone quarry (northeast Algeria), which is characterized by significant rock mass fracturing. This fracturing will be carefully analyzed in order to arrive at an accurate blasting plan for the structure of the studied rock massif. As the aim of the research is to optimize the blasting plan to generate maximum gas pressure and minimize shock pressure due to the existing fractures in the rock mass. in order to test this hypothesis, we conducted several blasting tests by modifying the charge rate of the explosives used (Anfomil and Marmanite III), while maintaining the same parameters in the blasting plan for each test. The goal was to achieve optimal fragmentation. The particle size of the blasted rock pile was analyzed using WipFrag software, which utilizes image analysis techniques.
Exploring the economic significance and diverse hues of quartz: A case study at Adaila, south of El Ma Labiod, NE Algeria
Authors: Nacer Wassila , Defaflia Nabil , Taib Hassan , Rehebi Rofaida
Published: December 2024

The Tebessa region in Algeria is rich in mineralogical resources within its Quaternary deposits, particularly in quartz. This study adopts a multidisciplinary approach including stratigraphic, sedimentological, and granulometric analyses, focusing specifically on the deposits located in the fluvial terraces of the Oued Adaila, south of Tébessa in eastern Algeria. The analysis of granulometric parameters gave valuable insights into the uniformity of the energy levels exerted by the transport agents.
Pioneering exoscopy techniques have proved indispensable in discerning the sedimentary history of quartz, offering comprehensive insights into its weathering processes and its intricate journey through continental aquatic pathways. Additionally, this methodology has elucidated the genesis of unique colourations observed in quartz grains. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), we have examined the surfaces of quartz grains, revealing an array of patterns attributable either to the inherent crystal lattice structure of quartz or to the erosive influences of the changing environment. These environmental modifications stand out as the primary contributors to the diverse spectrum of colours manifested in the quartz grains. Furthermore, the examination of magnetic data has highlighted the pivotal role played by various
oxides present in the Quaternary deposits. These oxides proved to be important sources of ferric elements, crucial in imparting the distinct colorations observed in quartz. This comprehensive study significantly advances our understanding of the mineralogical constitution, sedimentary evolution, and the environmental dynamics shaping the Quaternary deposits in the Tebessa region.
Tectono-sedimentologic and lithostratigraphic control in Aures Region: Case study Djebel Metlili, Batna, Algeria
Authors: Touahri Abdeldjebar , Sahraoui Salah , Benmansour Sana , Hadjkouider Mohammed
Published: December 2024

This research delves into the geological features of the western section of the Aures Basin, with a primary focus on Djebel Metlili. The geological characteristics span Mesozoic and Tertiary deposits, ranging from the Triassic to the Quaternary epochs. Notably, the higher Cretaceous period stands out for its substantial carbonate-rich sequence. The research relied on geological maps, field observations, core samples, and laboratory analyses, including lithostratigraphic examinations (cross-section) and thin section. Structural features show that is formed by large regular folds of ENE-WSW or E-W direction. Anticlines and synclines are often affected by transverse accidents at the axes of the folds. In its northern part is located immediately south of the Belezma-Batna mountains. Structural analysis highlights significant tectonic disturbances, oriented in a northwest-southeast direction. A detailed lithostratigraphic examination reveals marly formations interspersed with limestone-rich layers containing Inoceramus. The southern part of Dj. Metlili, particularly the Santonian-Campanian series, unveils three distinct meso-transgressive sequences, linked to sea-level fluctuations associated with sedimentary basin subsidence. The studied area exhibits three distinct facies: one characterized by gray phosphate limestone with crisscrossed stratifications and agitated bioclastic sand, another featuring a mollusk-rich bioclastic limestone indicating a turbulent intertidal environment, and a third
presenting a clay limestone bank with fine to medium grains and lumachels rich in oysters and gastropods. The associated grainstone texture in the microfacies suggests an internal platform environment marked by dissolution, bioturbation, and ferruginization. This comprehensive exploration provides valuable insights into the geological history of the region, significantly contributing to our understanding of its evolution over time.
Hydrochemical analysis and groundwater quality assessment for irrigation in the Remila Plain, Khenchela, Northeast Algeria
Authors: Abderrahim Bezai , Brinis Nafaa , Reghais Azzeddine , Djenba Samir , Bouzid Khadidja
Published: December 2024

Water resources are facing significant challenges in result of rapidly growing demand, deteriorating quality, and the effects of climate change. Today, water quantity and quality issues have become prevalent in various regions across the globe, affecting both northern and southern territories. Among the sectors reliant on this resource, irrigation stands out as the largest consumer of water. When surface water becomes inaccessible due to insufficient precipitation or other factors, the use of groundwater becomes the only viable alternative for irrigation. The Remila Plain (Khenchela) is located in an endorean watershed in northeastern Algeria and extends over 250 km2 in a synclinal basin filled with water from the Mio-Plio Quaternary - the main aquifer of the region, widely used for irrigation. The aim of this work is to study the hydrochemistry of these waters, as well as the evolution of mineralisation, the identification of the origin of the chemistry, and the suitability of these waters for irrigation. Initial results indicate an evolution of mineralisation in the direction of groundwater flow, with electrical conductivity values varying between 1000μS/cm in the recharge zones, and 2700μS/cm at the outlet. This mineralisation is mainly due to the dissolution of evaporitic minerals and the alteration of silicates. In addition, the various water quality indices used indicate that the water can be used for irrigation without major risk to plants and soils.
Janina Korolewicz-Waydowa, debut and first stage experiences
Authors: Wąsacz-Krztoń Jolanta
Published: December 2024

This article is dedicated to the debut and early stage career of Janina Korolewicz-Wayda. The artist made her debut at the Lviv Opera as Hanna in Moniuszko’s “The Haunted Manor” (1894), and she first appeared on the stage of the Warsaw Grand Theatre as Amina in Bellini’s “La sonnambula” (1897). During the opening of the Lviv Grand Theatre, she performed the role of Bronka in Żeleński’s “Jontek” (1900), and it was also on this stage that she first sang the role of Halka in Moniuszko’s opera, a role she cherished throughout her life. Initially, she sang coloratura parts, then lyrical and dramatic ones. The initial reviews of her performances were varied, but with each season, critics increasingly appreciated her vocal and acting talent, and in later years, they only wrote about Janina Korolewicz-Wayda’s great artistry
The history of the castle kitchen in Łańcut
Authors: Lylo Ihor
Published: December 2024

The article examines the history and activities of the castle kitchen in Łańcut from the second half of the 17th century until 1944. The results of the research are based on manuscript documents from the AGAD in Warsaw, the Library and Archives of the Łańcut Castle, the collections of the Department of manuscripts of the Vasyl Stefanyk Lviv National Library of Ukraine, and the memoirs of 19 th -century travellers. The changes that took place in the process of improving the kitchen workspace and organizing the work of the staff are an important testament to the culture that prevailed in the palaces and large estates of the Polish gentry. Special attention was paid to the portraits of former kitchen employees, the atmosphere around their workplace, and changes in public opinion about the work of a chef. Many research findings are presented for the first time. The results of the study will be useful for historians, anthropologists, and researchers of material culture.
Łemkowie zachodni przy granicy Galicji z Węgrami w XIX wieku
Authors: Tyszkiewicz Jan
Published: December 2024

W artykule przedstawiono losy społeczności łemkowskiej zamieszkującej na terenach położonych w zachodnich częściach Pienin (m.in. wsie Szlachtowa, Jaworki, Czarna Woda i Biała Woda) w XIX w. Omówiono podstawowe dziedziny życia Łemków w XVIII–XIX w., stosunki gospodarcze, społeczne, religijne i kulturalne oraz ich zależności w kontekście polityki państwowej. Ukazano również silny splot stosunków społecznych, kulturalnych i narodowościowych w ramach tej społeczności oraz wybrane kwestie kultury materialnej i życia codziennego, a także kształtowanie się lokalnych elit.
Antoni Godziemba Wysocki in anecdotes and in the light of his own work (a reconnaissance study)
Authors: Samborska-Kukuć Dorota
Published: December 2024

Antoni Godziemba Wysocki was known in the literary circles of Lviv in the early 20th century as a friend of Zapolska, the prototype of the hero of two of her controversial novels depicting life in the Lviv underworld. He published short prose forms, social and historical novels, essays, and literary reviews in Galician publications. He was the founder of the Independent Theater, where he staged highly ambitious plays. Today, he is a nearly forgotten author as no researcher has devoted much attention to him. However, it should be emphasized that reviews of his works were favorable, sometimes even enthusiastic (as in the case of Zabawy mędrców [Games of the Sages]). It is worth recalling this writer and reintroducing him to the history of Polish literature, even in a brief outline.
Problematyka masowego wychodźstwa zarobkowego z Galicji omawiana podczas zjazdów prawników i ekonomistów polskich w epoce zaborów
Authors: Ziomek Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

Tekst stanowi próbę analizy problematyki masowego wychodźstwa zarobkowego z Galicji podczas II, III oraz IV Zjazdu Prawników i Ekonomistów Polskich. Podczas II Zjazdu, odbytego we Lwowie w 1889 r., Stanisław Kłobukowski – prawdopodobnie jako pierwszy w dziejach polskiej myśli społeczno-gospodarczej – wyłamał się z merkantylistycznego podejścia do migracji zarobkowych. Gorączka brazylijska, rozpoczęta w kolejnym roku, przyczyniła się do wzrostu zainteresowania tematyką wychodźstwa zarobkowego na ziemiach polskich. Postulaty referentów, przedstawione podczas kolejnych zjazdów, doczekały się realizacji dopiero w odrodzonej Rzeczypospolitej.
The Victor and the Defeated: Who Writes History
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Balakleets Natalia
Published: December 2024

The article, based on the methodologies of perspectivism and social constructivism, examines the problem of creating historical discourse from the perspective of the defeated, which is significant for the philosophy of history and political philosophy. The right to write history has traditionally been considered the prerogative of the victor. At the same time, philosophical and military theoretical thought demonstrate the ambivalence and semantic multidimensionality of the concepts of "victory" and "defeat." The study includes the theoretical analysis of the thesis of a number of authors (Carl Schmitt, Reinhart Koselleck, Christian Meier), who substantiate the right to historical discourse of the defeated. The conclusion that "the defeated writes history" was formulated by C. Schmitt in the essay "Historiography in nuce: Alexis de Tocqueville." Schmitt's justification for the discourse of the defeated has an existential and personal dimension and demonstrates the methodological rejection of naiveoptimistic and universalist projects of history. Subsequently, the bold and far from indisputable idea that the best versions of history belong not to the victors but to the defeated will be expressed by R. Koselleck. The scientist reveals the relationship between changes in experience (Erfahrungswandel) and changes in method (Methodenwechsel) of historical science. The author of the article argues that the understanding of military victory as the final point of confrontation between rivals is narrow and one-sided. The victory, included in the political context, can be regarded as the point of crystallization of new social and political relations. The post-war period shows whether the victor's political status is solid. It requires constant maintenance through discursive practices. The defeated, driven by resentment, is able to challenge the former victor by showing disagreement with his historical discourse. Thus, the victor must be especially vigilant in relation to the discursive practices of the defeated, the impact of which can be felt not only in the spiritual but also in the political sphere.
Endogenous plasma resuspension of peripheral blood mononuclear cells prevents preparative-associated stress that modiﬁes polyA-enriched RNA responses to subsequent acute stressors
Authors: Li Dongyang , Al-Dahleh Karina , Murphy Daniel A , Georgieva Sonya , Matthews Nik , Shovlin Claire L
Published: December 2024

Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are used to examine biological processes and disease, when basal variability in cellular activation and splicing is described and unexplained. Using isolation systems that maintained buffy coat cells (PBMCs, platelets) in their own plasma, poly-A enriched RNA-sequencing (RNASeq) detected 42,720 Ensembl gene IDs, including >95% of the top 100 Genotype Tissue Expression Project (GTEx)-expressed genes in lung, colon, heart, skeletal muscle and liver, and 10/17 clinically-actionable genes listed by the Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase. Transcriptome changes were deﬁned after 1h treatment with 32◦C hypothermia (hsp70 family member change), 10 µmol/L ferric citrate that had no discernible effect, and 100 µg/mL cycloheximide leading to induction of primary response (immediate early) genes including IL1B and TNF. Same-donor PBMCs prepared conventionally using washes then resuspension in serum-supplemented media demonstrated basal upregulation of stress signalling pathway genes that masked and overlapped differential gene expression proﬁles after 100 µg/L cycloheximide. Plasma-resuspended PBMCs demonstrated minor transcriptome changes after 40 µmol/L ferric citrate, whereas consistent and greater magnitude changes were observed for washed/media- resuspended PBMCs. We conclude that endogenous plasma-maintained PBMCs provide a more robust platform to interrogate acute cellular perturbations trig- gering innate immunity, and that varying susceptibility of PBMCs to preparative stresses is an important component of experimental variability.
Rewiring Ethics: Collective Action, Recognition, and Fractal Responsibility
Authors: Maguire Barry
Published: December 2024

Many moral theories hold individuals responsible for their marginal impact on massive patterns (for instance overall value or equality of opportunity) or for following whichever rules would realise that pattern on the whole. But each of these injunctions is problematic. Intuitively, the first gives individuals responsibility for too much, the second for too little. This article offers a new approach to ethics in collective action contexts. It defends a new collaborative principle that assigns recognisably worthwhile responsibilities to agencies wherever possible. This principle supports a fractal model of moral responsibility, that favours restructuring divisions of labour to enhance the prospects of recognition at every level of social organisation. This article is programmatic: starting from a conjecture about the moral significance of recognition, it sketches a new way of approaching a range of collective action problems that combines the importance of the perspectives of both moral and political philosophy.
The Global (Mis)Allocation of Capital
Authors: Bertaut Carol , Curcuru Stephanie E. , Faia Ester , Gourinchas Pierre-Olivier
Published: December 2024

The allocative efficiency of capital flows is one of the oldest and most contentious questions. We answer it by matching cross-border securities holdings reported in the US external statistics from 1995 to 2022 with the corresponding firm-level measures of allocative efficiency. We find that US investors tilt their international equity investment toward firms with high MRPK and markups, thereby fostering their potential for growth. Foreign investors tilt their holdings toward US firms with high productivity and intangible capital. A horse race shows that productivity is the best predictor of foreign investment in US firms and MRPK for US investment in foreign firms. Both US and foreign firms that receive more international funding increase spending on intangible capital, and foreign firms also increase tangible capital. The results are stronger for more productive firms.
IT ― hopes and compromises of Russian engineering
Authors: Semynina A.
Published: December 2024

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Does God Really Hate Divorce? A Comparative Analysis of Ancient Texts of Mal 2:14-16
Authors: Lumanze Obedben Mmesomachukwu
Published: December 2024

Historically, Malachi 2:16 has served as a veto against divorce, especially among African evangelicals. While marriage is ideally a lifelong commitment, this interpretation often overlooks the context of the passage. Many are unaware of its grammatical ambiguities and varying ancient translations. This study examines Malachi 2:14-16 to understand the prophet's views on marriage as a covenant. The findings reveal that the Hebrew word "šallah", commonly translated as "divorce," actually refers to the improper "putting away" of legally married wives without adhering to established guidelines. The study concludes that Malachi's argument refers back to the creation narrative, offering a framework for ethical thinking. While marriage is sacred and should be upheld, those facing divorce should not be seen as irredeemable sinners.
Late Pleistocene and Holocene fauna from Waterfall Bluff Rock Shelter, Mpondoland, South Africa
Authors: Oster Sandee , Reynard Jerome P. , Cawthra Hayley C. , Esteban Irene , Pargeter Justin , Fisher Eric C.
Published: December 2024

Archaeological deposits from Waterfall Bluff Rock Shelter (Eastern Cape) span from Marine Isotope Stage 3 (~39–29 ka) to the mid-Holocene (~8 ka), showing persistent human occupations. The site’s consistent proximity to the shoreline and stable coastline over millennia makes it key for exploring human settlement patterns. This study reports on preliminary results of identifiable fauna from Marine Isotope Stage 3 to the Early Holocene layers at Waterfall Bluff. The identified species may suggest a mosaic environment, although caution is warranted given the small sample size. Furthermore, leopard seal remains were recovered in layers dating to the Last Glacial Maximum. This is the first direct evidence of a leopard seal recovered from Pleistocene and Holocene archaeo-faunal assemblages along the South African coast.
Корпоративные сделки с превышением полномочий директора и доктрина ultra vires
Authors: Филипенко Виктор
Published: December 2024

Статья предлагает авторский взгляд на понимание и применение положений отечественного закона о недействительности корпоративных сделок, совершенных в противоречии с представительскими полномочиями директоров. Целью исследования является рассмотрение способов совершенствования законодательства и правоприменительной практики по данному вопросу с опорой на зарубежную доктрину и ключевые судебные прецеденты; согласование релевантных правовых решений с российской правовой системой. В первой части статьи отмечается, что действующая редакция ст. 174 Гражданского кодекса препятствует успешному оспариванию сделок, совершенных с нарушением условий осуществления полномочий или интересов юридического лица, поскольку на практике доказать субъективную недобросовестность контрагента, наличие сговора или причинение обществу явного ущерба зачастую крайне трудно. Ситуация усугубляется судебной практикой и разъяснениями Верховного Суда, которые автору статьи кажутся спорными. Во второй части статьи автор показывает, что юрисдикции общего права разработали и модернизировали доктрину, применение которой происходит с учетом объективной добросовестности директора, совершающего сделку от имени корпорации. Избранные прецеденты англо-американских судов демонстрируют, что превышение полномочий директором — это частный случай нарушения фидуциарной обязанности лояльности по отношению к корпорации и ее участникам. Сделка, совершенная директором с явным нарушением данной обязанности в зарубежном праве может быть признана недействительной как совершенная с нарушением предоставленных полномочий. Зарубежная доктрина и практика подходят к оспариванию корпоративных сделок более функционально и с осознанием формального состава фидуциарной ответственности. Российское право, напротив, дистанцируется от выяснения вопроса о недобросовестности директора, придавая больше значения неосмотрительности контрагента и формальным критериям причинения ущерба юридическому лицу. Автор делает вывод о недостаточном соответствии данного подхода идее защиты интересов корпорации и ее участников и концепции фидуциарных обязанностей, а также о целесообразности заимствования некоторых решений из зарубежного опыта.
Временное законодательство как инструмент ускоренного развития общества
Authors: Цомартова Фатима
Published: December 2024

Ускоренная общественная динамика и стратегическая ориентация на ускоренное технологическое и социально-экономическое развитие, а также новая нормативная модель временной организации общественных отношений, отразившаяся в законодательстве с заведомо ограниченным сроком действия, законодательстве об экспериментальных правовых режимах, об обязательных требованиях актуализируют обращение к вопросам временных аспектов в праве, его потенциала с точки зрения управления временем и реализации политики динамичного развития общества Восприятие времени как критически важного и в то же время недооцененного и малоизученного инструмента правового регулирования переводит эту проблематику из разряда самоочевидных (или юридико-технических) в сущностные Востребованность ее изучения и решения в сочетании с научным заделом, сформированным в результате осмысления антипандемийного, антисанкционного, антикризисного регулирования, открывают возможность переоценки фактора времени в общем механизме правового регулирования Особое внимание в статье уделяется такому относительно новому явлению, как временное законодательство и его атрибутивные характеристики, в том числе в сравнительно-правовом контексте В связи с необходимостью адаптации правовых систем к нетипичной подвижности общественной жизни оцениваются дальнейшие перспективы и пределы использования правил, которые по своим направленности и содержанию не требуют нормативной фиксации на неопределенный срок по умолчанию, а, напротив, нуждаются в периодических и планомерных пересмотре и коррекции Соответствие временных правовых режимов стремительно меняющимся социальным или технологическим условиям и неординарным сценариям общественного развития позволяет прогнозировать широкое использование потенциала временной регуляторики в инновационных, высокотехнологичных областях в целях реализации сценариев ускоренного развития общества Нормативно оформленные авторские предложения по идентификации нормативных предписаний временного действия нашли отражение в последней редакции разработанного Институтом законодательства и сравнительного правоведения при Правительстве Российской Федерации инициативного проекта федерального закона о нормативных актах.
Защита субъективных прав и правовых интересов корпорации наследниками участника
Authors: Ерчак Сергей
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена особенностям защиты прав и интересов корпорации лицами, к которым акции и доли переходят в порядке универсального правопреемства при наследовании. Целью работы является исследование возможности наследника осуществлять действия по защите прав и интересов корпорации. В исследовании использованы общенаучные методы познания (системный, формально-логические методы, а также специальные юридические методы (формально-юридический, метод правового моделирования и др.). Обосновано, что право на управление является «неличным» неимущественным правом участника, которое может переходить в порядке универсального правопреемства при наследовании, в связи с чем норма, предусмотренная абз. 3 ст. 1112 Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации и устанавливающая запрет на наследование личных неимущественных прав, не применяется. Установлено, что наследник становится участником корпорации с момента принятия наследства, однако, принимая во внимание одномоментную замену наследодателя его наследником в корпоративном правоотношении, делается вывод о некорректности разграничения момента приобретения наследником права на долю в уставном капитале и права на управление корпорацией. По итогам исследования правоприменительной практики и положений российского права отмечается, что необходимо разграничивать момент, с которого такое право переходит к наследнику участника (в момент открытия наследства), и момент, с которого наследник вправе осуществлять отдельные правомочия имущественного и неимущественного характера, входящие в содержание права на управление корпорацией (с открытием наследства или с момента получения согласия остальных участников). До момента получения согласия участников на осуществление правомочий, принадлежавших наследодателю, возникает фикция участия, которая отпадает с получением такого согласия и возникновением корпоративного правоотношения между корпорацией и наследником, или, при отказе в согласии, после реализации правомочия на выплату действительной стоимости доли. Исследование показало, что в период до момента определения круга наследников и состава наследуемого имущества в интересах корпорации и наследников действует доверительный управляющий.
Proposition 187 and Operation Gatekeeper: Cases for the Sociology of International Migrations and Human Rights
Authors: Bustamante Jorge A.
Published: December 2024

Este artículo examina la vulnerabilidad de los inmigrantes como sujetos de derechoshumanos. Esta condición de ausencia de poder es analizada en la relación que los inmigrantesestablecen con la sociedad receptora en el marco de dos ejercicios de soberanía. Por unaparte, la noción clásica de los derechos soberanos que hacen distinciones sociolegales entrenacionales e inmigrantes/extranjeros. Por otra, la noción moderna de soberanía de algunosEstados que se adhieren a los estándares internacionales de los derechos humanos. El artículose enfoca en el debate acerca de la Proposición 187 y la implementación de la OperaciónGuardián en la experiencia de inmigrantes mexicanos en los Estados Unidos. En suconclusión, el autor postula que la globalización de la economía conlleva el surgimiento deestándares internacionales, incluidos los de los derechos humanos. Este proceso conduce ala desaparición gradual de la condición de vulnerabilidad de los inmigrantes y a su integraciónen condiciones de igualdad con los nacionales respecto al Estado y la ley, incluyendo elderecho al voto en elecciones locales.
KÜLTÜREL SÜREKLİLİĞİN İZİNDE: KAYSERİ KENT DOKUSUNDA SELÇUKLU DÖNEMİ MİRASI
Authors: Bilgen Merve , Dağgülü Münevver
Published: December 2024

Her kentin zaman içinde birikerek oluşmuş, sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik boyutları içeren kendine özgü bir kimliği bulunmaktadır. Bu kimlik, kentleri birbirinden ayırarak onlara özgünlük kazandırır. "Kültürel Süreklilik" kavramı, kentsel kimliğin ve mekânsal hafızanın korunarak sürdürülebilir bir şekilde gelişiminde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Kayseri kenti, tarih boyunca önemli bir kültürel ve tarihsel merkez olma özelliği taşımıştır. Özellikle Selçuklu Dönemi, bu şehrin kültürel mirasının oluşumunda ve şekillenmesinde kritik bir yere sahiptir. Selçuklu Dönemi öncesi ve sonrası süreçlerde katmanlaşarak gelişen kentsel doku hem geleneksel hem de modern dönemlerde birçok değişim ve dönüşüm geçirmiştir.
Bu çalışmada, Kayseri'nin kentsel kimliğini oluşturan Selçuklu Dönemi kültürel mirası, kentsel morfolojideki süreklilik ve süreksizlik bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, kültürel süreklilik kavramının kentsel mekânlarla ilişkisi ele alınmış ve bu kavramsal çerçeve doğrultusunda Kayseri’deki Selçuklu Dönemi kültürel mirasının tespiti, gelişimi ve kentsel yapıdaki yeri incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, çalışma Selçuklu Dönemi’ne ait kültürel mirası belgelemeyi ve kentsel kurguyu bütüncül bir perspektiften değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Selçuklu Dönemi kültürel mirası, kartografik yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, 1882 tarihli kent haritası ile 1945 ve 1986 tarihli imar planları karşılaştırılmış; tarihsel yapıların izleri okunarak ve farklı dönemlere ait veriler üst üste getirilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda üretilen özgün dijital haritaların, Selçuklu Dönemi tarihine, kentsel ve kültürel miras çalışmalarına önemli katkılar sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Selçuklu Dönemi’nden itibaren kentsel coğrafyada fiziksel ve kültürel varlığı belirlenen kırk beş mimari eserden otuz sekizinin günümüze kadar sürekliliğini koruduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu süreklilikte, Selçuklu Dönemi’nin kentsel mekân organizasyonunun modern Kayseri kentsel yapısını biçimlendirdiği ve benzer yer seçim kararlarının kentin tarihsel katmanlarında sürdürüldüğü görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, Selçuklu kent kimliği ve kültürel sürekliliğin modern Kayseri'nin kentsel yapısında sürdürüldüğü ve bu tarihsel mirasın kent kimliğine katkı sağlamaya devam ettiği ortaya konmuştur.
Mapping during morphological study of samples of laterally spreading colon neoplasia after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Setdikova G. R. , Verbovsky A. N. , Semenkov A. V.
Published: December 2024

Introduction. According to the literature, the detection rate of laterally spreading tumors has increased in recent years due to the constant development of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment technologies. It is reported that these neoplasms account for about 15 % of all colorectal neoplasias. According to the literature, laterally spreading tumors are characterized by a more frequent presence of areas of malignancy compared to polypoid formations. Since such neoplasms are closely correlated with colorectal cancer, it is very important to fully understand the clinical presentation and morphological characteristics to select the optimal treatment strategy.

Aim. The development of mapping of samples during morphological examination with subsequent correlation with endoscopic data and search for the most suitable areas for taking a biopsy.

Materials and methods. To solve the problem described above, a mapping technology was developed for the morphological study of samples of laterally spreading colon neoplasia, which consists in creating an algorithm of actions, described in more detail in the work.

Results. The first step of gross is the correct orientation of the resected specimen. The macroscopic integrity of the removed specimen is described. When describing microscopic data, the first question that the morphologist must answer is whether the process is benign or malignant. In case of malignant processes, the morphologist must answer according to the questionnaire: histological type, degree of differentiation / dysplasia, size (mm), depth of invasion, assessment of resection margins, lymphovascular and perineural invasion, tumor kidneys.

Conclusion. The presented technique, when used in everyday pathological practice for neoplastic neoplasms of the colon, can allow a reliable assessment of all prognostic factors and the development of an objective interdisciplinary consensus for further treatment.
Possible benefits of stretching for post-COVID-19
Authors: N. Folha Pablo , Bacurau Reury , S. Aoki Marcelo , Massa Marcelo
Published: December 2024

Background: COVID-19 is a new disease that causes severe health problems and is responsible for significant complications even after recovery, including disabilities that lead to motor impairment. In this sense, there is currently no protocol for physical exercises for people with physical disabilities caused by the disease. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways for individuals affected by this condition and experiencing motor difficulties to engage in physical activities, preventing their condition from deteriorating further after COVID-19. Objective: To present evidence that stretching improves strength, respiratory and vascular system function, enabling the return of individuals with physical deficits who are hindered from performing activities of daily living. Methods: This study is a literature review that analyzes the correlation between the benefits of active static stretching in individuals with physical disabilities post-COVID-19. The study collected data through accumulated scientific knowledge in the fields of clinical health and physical activity. The literature search was conducted using digital scientific databases, including SciELO, ScienceDirect, Bireme, and Google Scholar. Results: Muscle stretching is a physical activity that has shown promising benefits for post-COVID patients, however, further research in this field is needed. Conclusion: Through the presented studies, it can be concluded that stretching is a type of exercise that potentially can counterbalance various sequels caused by COVID-19, enabling the affected person to return to their daily routines.