bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On fast simulation of dynamical system with neural vector enhanced numerical solver
Authors: Huang Zhongzhan , Liang Senwei , Zhang Hong , Yang Haizhao , Lin Liang
Published: September 2023

The large-scale simulation of dynamical systems is critical in numerous scientific and engineering disciplines. However, traditional numerical solvers are limited by the choice of step sizes when estimating integration, resulting in a trade-off between accuracy and computational efficiency. To address this challenge, we introduce a deep learning-based corrector called Neural Vector (NeurVec), which can compensate for integration errors and enable larger time step sizes in simulations. Our extensive experiments on a variety of complex dynamical system benchmarks demonstrate that NeurVec exhibits remarkable generalization capability on a continuous phase space, even when trained using limited and discrete data. NeurVec significantly accelerates traditional solvers, achieving speeds tens to hundreds of times faster while maintaining high levels of accuracy and stability. Moreover, NeurVec’s simple-yet-effective design, combined with its ease of implementation, has the potential to establish a new paradigm for fast-solving differential equations based on deep learning.
Allele mining of eukaryotic translation initiation factor genes in Prunus for the identification of new sources of resistance to sharka
Authors: Tricon David , Faivre d’Arcier Julie , Eyquard Jean-Philippe , Liu Shuo , Decroocq Stéphane , Chague Aurélie , Liu Weisheng , Balakishiyeva Gulnara , Mammadov Alamdar , Turdiev Timur , Kostritsyna Tatiana , Asma Bayram M. , Akparov Zeynal , Decroocq Véronique
Published: September 2023

Members of the eukaryotic translation initiation complex are co-opted in viral infection, leading to susceptibility in many crop species, including stone fruit trees (Prunus spp.). Therefore, modification of one of those eukaryotic translation initiation factors or changes in their gene expression may result in resistance. We searched the crop and wild Prunus germplasm from the Armeniaca and Amygdalus taxonomic sections for allelic variants in the eIF4E and eIFiso4E genes, to identify alleles potentially linked to resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV). Over one thousand stone fruit accessions (1397) were screened for variation in eIF4E and eIFiso4E transcript sequences which are in single copy within the diploid Prunus genome. We identified new alleles for both genes differing from haplotypes associated with PPV susceptible accessions. Overall, analyses showed that eIFiso4E is genetically more constrained since it displayed less polymorphism than eIF4E. We also demonstrated more variations at both loci in the related wild species than in crop species. As the eIFiso4E translation initiation factor was identified as indispensable for PPV infection, a selection of ten different eIFiso4E haplotypes along 13 accessions were tested by infection with PPV and eight of them displayed a range of reduced susceptibility to resistance, indicating new potential sources of resistance to sharka.
Effect of silymarin on the relative gene expressions of some inflammatory cytokines in the liver of CCl4-intoxicated male rats
Authors: El-Kot Sarah M. , Wanas Wessam , Hafez Afaf M. , Mahmoud Nihal A. , Tolba Amina M. , Younis Abeer H. , Sayed Gamal El , Abdelwahab Huda E.
Published: September 2023

The intensive exposure of the liver cells to any type of noxae, such as viruses, drugs, alcohols, and xenobiotics could induce hepatic inflammation through the upregulation of gene expression of several fibrotic and inflammatory mediators. So, our study assessed the role of silymarin on the inflammatory response induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) as an example of xenobiotics on liver tissues in male rats. Forty-eight Wister male rats (weight: 130 ± 10) were housed for 14 days and then divided randomly into six groups: control, SLY: rats received only silymarin orally for 12 weeks (daily), CO: rats were injected with corn oil for 8 weeks (3 times weekly), CCl4: rats were injected with CCl4 solubilized in corn oil for 8 weeks (day by day), Treated: rats received silymarin for 4 weeks after CCl4 injection, Protected: rats received silymarin for 4 weeks before and 8 weeks during CCl4 injection. When the treatment period for the rats was over, they underwent scarification after anesthesia. Then, the sera were extracted from the collected blood for the determination of irisin levels, liver functions, and lipid profiles. Liver tissues were separated for the histopathological examinations, the determination of oxidative stress (OS) parameters content, and the relative gene expression of inflammatory cytokines; nuclear factor kappa (NF)-κB, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β). The findings showed that silymarin reduced liver inflammation by overcoming the OS process and inflammatory cytokines production which was stimulated by CCl4. These results were confirmed by histopathology of liver tissues.
Membrane fouling monitoring by 3ω sensing
Authors: Jørgensen Mads Koustrup , Paulsen Frederikke Kildeberg , Bentien Anders , Kjul Astrid Ræbild , Poulsen Maiken , Mikkelsen Louise Mailund , Thavaneswaran Nikitha , Hansen Simon Abildgaard , Jensen Pernille Krogsager , Andersen Jacob , Østedgaard-Munck David N. , Bendtsen Jan Dimon , Christensen Morten Lykkegaard
Published: September 2023

Membrane fouling significantly reduces membrane permeability, leading to higher operational expenses. In situ monitoring of membrane fouling can potentially be used to reduce operation cost by optimizing operational parameters and cleaning conditions. In this study, a platinum wire with a diameter of 20 µm was attached to the surface of a ceramic ultrafiltration membrane, and by measuring the voltage across the wire while applying an AC current, the amplitude of the third harmonic wave, the so-called 3ω signal, was obtained. Results showed increasing 3ω signals during formation of fouling layers, which correlates directly to the hydraulic resistance of the formed fouling layer in semi-dead end filtration of polymeric core shell particles and crossflow filtration of diluted milk. This is explained by the insulating effect of the fouling layers which reduces heat convection by crossflow and the different thermal conductivity in the fouling layer compared with the feed. After membrane cleaning, the permeability and the magnitude of the 3ω signal were partly restored, showing that the 3ω method can be used to monitor the effect of cleaning. The frequency of the AC current was varied so it was possible to measure the heat conductivity in the fouling layer (high frequency) and heat convection due to cross-flow (low frequency). This may potentially be used to get information of the type of fouling (heat conductivity) and thickness of the fouling layer (AC frequency where heat conductivity becomes dominating).
Modelling of compression ignition engine by soft computing techniques (ANFIS-NSGA-II and RSM) to enhance the performance characteristics for leachate blends with nano-additives
Authors: Khan Osama , Parvez Mohd , Kumari Pratibha , Yadav Ashok Kumar , Akram Wasim , Ahmad Shadab , Parvez Samia , Idrisi Mohammad Javed
Published: September 2023

Integrating nanoparticles in waste oil-derived biodiesel can revolutionize its performance in internal combustion engines, making it a promising fuel for the future. Nanoparticles act as combustion catalysts, enhancing combustion efficiency, reducing emissions, and improving fuel economy. This study employed a comprehensive approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative analyses, to investigate the influence of selected input parameters on the performance and exhaust characteristics of biodiesel engines. The focus of this study is on the potential of using oils extracted from food waste that ended up in landfills. The study's results are analysed and compared with models created using intelligent hybrid prediction approaches including adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, Response surface methodology-Genetic algorithm, and Non sorting genetic algorithm. The analysis takes into account engine load, blend percentage, nano-additive concentration, and injection pressure, and the desired responses are the thermal efficiency and specific energy consumption of the brakes, as well as the concentrations of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbon, and oxides of nitrogen. Root-mean-square error and the coefficient of determination were used to assess the predictive power of the model. Comparatively to Artificial Intelligence and the Response Surface Methodology-Genetic Algorithm model, the results provided by NSGA-II are superior. This is because it achieved a pareto optimum front of 24.45 kW, 2.76, 159.54 ppm, 4.68 ppm, and 0.020243% for Brake Thermal Efficiency, Brake Specific Energy Consumption, Oxides of nitrogen, Unburnt Hydro Carbon, and Carbon monoxide. Combining the precision of ANFIS's prediction with the efficiency of NSGA-optimization II's gives a reliable and thorough evaluation of the engine's settings. The qualitative assessment considered practical aspects and engineering constraints, ensuring the feasibility of applying the parameters in real-world engine applications.
Treatment with Ligilactobacillus murinus lowers blood pressure and intestinal permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Mukohda Masashi , Yano Takanori , Matsui Toshiyasu , Nakamura Sho , Miyamae Jiro , Toyama Kensuke , Mitsui Ryoji , Mizuno Risuke , Ozaki Hiroshi
Published: September 2023

One feature of hypertension is a microbial imbalance with increased intestinal permeability. In this study, we examined whether an alteration in the microbiota affects blood pressure and intestinal permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). We performed a 16S metagenome analysis of feces from 10- to 15-week-old SHRs using a synthetic long-read sequencing approach, and found a candidate for the microbiome treatment, Ligilactobacillus murinus (L. murinus), that was robustly decreased. Oral administration of L. murinus to SHRs for 2 weeks significantly inhibited blood pressure elevation and improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation but did not attenuate enhanced vascular contraction in SHR mesenteric arteries. The proximal colon of SHRs exhibited increased intestinal permeability with decreased levels of the tight junction protein claudin 4, morphological changes such as decreased intestinal crypts and elevated TNF-α levels, which was reversed by treatment with L. murinus. Consistent with these intestinal phenotypes, plasma lipopolysaccharides levels were elevated in SHR but decreased following L. murinus administration. We concluded that oral administration of L. murinus to SHRs exerts protective effects on intestinal permeability via restoration of claudin 4 expression and reversal of morphologic disorder, which may improve low-grade endotoxemia and thus reduce development of hypertension via recovery of endothelial vasodilating functions.
Insights from a cross-sectional survey of neonatal resuscitation instructors from India
Authors: Patel Purvi , Nimbalkar Somashekhar , Shinde Mayur
Published: September 2023

Neonatal resuscitation training can change outcomes of neonatal mortality due to perinatal asphyxia. Recently, in 2021, the advanced NRP course material was changed, and for Basic NRP, a hybrid course was introduced in India. We assessed the instructor’s feedback to improve the conduct of the IAP NNF NRP Program as well as get their perception of the effectiveness, usefulness, and pitfalls of the new hybrid Basic NRP course (offline + online). A cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst instructors across India with current status with IAP NRP FGM Office. The data were exported to a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet. STATA 14.2 was used for descriptive [Frequency (percent) analysis. 827 basic and 221 advanced NRP instructors responded. Bag and mask ventilation was identified as the most important step in basic 468 (56.6%) and advanced 147 (66.5%) courses. In the basic NRP, almost two third (71.0%) participants believe that it is challenging to conduct a case scenario for bag and mask ventilation, whereas, in the advanced course, intubation 116 (52.5%) was considered the most difficult step to teach and medication 80(36.2%) followed by intubation 62(28.1%) are the most difficult steps to conduct case scenario. 725(87.7%) reported that it would be easy to explain them in an offline course after completion of an online course. Most of the instructors were satisfied with the course structure, material, overall quality of the workshop, and support from the IAP NRP office. Constructive suggestions were obtained from the instructors for improvement of the course.
Green composite aerogel based on citrus peel/chitosan/bentonite for sustainable removal Cu(II) from water matrices
Authors: Nie Jing , Feng Dan , Shang Jiangwei , Nasen Bate , Jiang Tong , Liu Yumeng , Hou Siyi
Published: September 2023

Here, we propose a green and sustainable 3D porous aerogel based on citrus peel (CP), chitosan (CS), and bentonite (BT). This aerogel is prepared through a simple sol–gel and freeze-drying process and is designed for efficient capture of Cu(II) ions from water matrices. CCBA-2, with its abundance of active binding sites, exhibits an impressive Cu(II) adsorption yield of 861.58 mg/g. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics follow the Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. In the presence of coexisting mixed-metal ions, CCBA-2 demonstrates a significantly higher selectivity coefficient (KdCu = 1138.5) for removing Cu(II) ions compared to other toxic metal ions. Furthermore, the adsorption of Cu(II) ions by CCBA-2 is not significantly affected by coexisting cations/anions, ionic strength, organic matter, or different water matrices. Dynamic fixed-bed column experiments show that the adsorption capacity of Cu(II) ions reaches 377.4 mg/g, and the Yoon-Nelson model accurately describes the adsorption process and breakthrough curve. Through experiments, FTIR, and XPS analyses, we propose a reasonable binding mechanism between CCBA-2 and metal cations, involving electrostatic attraction and chemical chelation between Cu(II) and the functional groups of the aerogel. CCBA-2 saturated with Cu(II) ions can be successfully regenerated by elution with 1 M HNO3, with only a slight decrease in adsorption efficiency (5.3%) after 5 adsorption–desorption cycles. Therefore, CCBA-2 offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendly material that can be considered as a viable alternative for the green and efficient removal of toxic Cu(II) ions from wastewater.
Shallow and reverse attention network for colon polyp segmentation
Authors: Lee Go-Eun , Cho Jungchan , Choi Sang-II
Published: September 2023

Polyp segmentation is challenging because the boundary between polyps and mucosa is ambiguous. Several models have considered the use of attention mechanisms to solve this problem. However, these models use only finite information obtained from a single type of attention. We propose a new dual-attention network based on shallow and reverse attention modules for colon polyps segmentation called SRaNet. The shallow attention mechanism removes background noise while emphasizing the locality by focusing on the foreground. In contrast, reverse attention helps distinguish the boundary between polyps and mucous membranes more clearly by focusing on the background. The two attention mechanisms are adaptively fused using a “Softmax Gate”. Combining the two types of attention enables the model to capture complementary foreground and boundary features. Therefore, the proposed model predicts the boundaries of polyps more accurately than other models. We present the results of extensive experiments on polyp benchmarks to show that the proposed method outperforms existing models on both seen and unseen data. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed dual attention module increases the explainability of the model.
Dynamics analysis of a nonlocal diffusion dengue model
Authors: Chang Kangkang , Zhang Zhenyu , Liang Guizhen
Published: September 2023

Due to the unrestricted movement of humans over a wide area, it is important to understand how individuals move between non-adjacent locations in space. In this research, we introduce a nonlocal diffusion introduce for dengue, which is driven by integral operators. First, we use the semigroup theory and continuously Fréchet differentiable to demonstrate the existence, uniqueness, positivity and boundedness of the solution. Next, the global stability and uniform persistence of the system are proved by analyzing the eigenvalue problem of the nonlocal diffusion term. To achieve this, the Lyapunov function is derived and the comparison principle is applied. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to validate the results of the theorem, and it is revealed that controlling the disease’s spread can be achieved by implementing measures to reduce the transmission of the virus through infected humans and mosquitoes.
Multi-agent learning via gradient ascent activity-based credit assignment
Authors: Sabri Oussama , Lehéricy Luc , Muzy Alexandre
Published: September 2023

We consider the situation in which cooperating agents learn to achieve a common goal based solely on a global return that results from all agents’ behavior. The method proposed is based on taking into account the agents’ activity, which can be any additional information to help solving multi-agent decentralized learning problems. We propose a gradient ascent algorithm and assess its performance on synthetic data.
Cylindrical orifice testing in laminar flow with the orifice diameter ratio β = 0.5
Authors: Golijanek-Jędrzejczyk Anna , Mrowiec Andrzej
Published: September 2023

The paper presents the results of an experimental study of a cylindrical orifice with the orifice diameter ratioβ = 0.5 and the flow opening length-to-diameter ratioL/d = 1, with hydraulic oil flowing in the DN50 measuring channel. The measurements of the values characterising the oil flow were made in the laminar flow regime, for the Reynolds numbers ranging betweenRe = 100 to 950. Based on the experimental tests, standard flow characteristics were created for four kinematic viscosity values in the range of 13.4–33.3 cSt, for which the average value of the discharge coefficientCin the tested flow rate range ofqv < 0.5 dm3/s was determined.
Biodiesel production and simultaneous treatment of domestic and livestock wastewater using indigenous microalgae, Chlorella sorokiniana JD1-1
Authors: Lee Jae-Cheol , Moon Kira , Lee Nakyeong , Ryu Sangdon , Song Seung Hui , Kim Yun Ji , Lee Sung Moon , Kim Hyun-Woo , Joo Jae-Hyoung
Published: September 2023

In this study, the potential of Chlorella sorokiniana JD1-1 for biodiesel production was evaluated using domestic wastewater (DWW) as a diluent for locally-generated livestock wastewater (LWW). This strategy aimed to provide sustainable wastewater treatment, reduce environmental impacts, enhance cost-effectiveness, and promote biodiesel production. LWW was diluted with tap water and DWW at ratios of 75%, 50%, and 25% (v/v), and the effects on microalgal growth, nutrient removal efficiency, and lipid yield were evaluated. Although the maximum biomass concentration was observed in the artificial growth medium (BG-11) (1170 mg L−1), 75% dilution using tap water (610 mg L−1) and DWW (780 mg L−1) yielded results comparable to the exclusive use of DWW (820 mg L−1), suggesting a potential for substitution. Total nitrogen (TN) removal rates were consistently high under all conditions, particularly in samples with higher concentrations of LWW. Conversely, total phosphorus (TP) concentrations decreased under most conditions, although some displayed large increases. Further studies are necessary to optimize the nutrient balance while maintaining economic feasibility and maximizing biodiesel production.
Development and validation of multivariable quantitative ultrasound for diagnosing hepatic steatosis
Authors: Jeon Sun Kyung , Lee Jeong Min , Cho Soo Jin , Byun Young-Hye , Jee Jae Hwan , Kang Mira
Published: September 2023

This study developed and validated multivariable quantitative ultrasound (QUS) model for diagnosing hepatic steatosis. Retrospective secondary analysis of prospectively collected QUS data was performed. Participants underwent QUS examinations and magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF; reference standard). A multivariable regression model for estimating hepatic fat fraction was determined using two QUS parameters from one tertiary hospital (development set). Correlation between QUS-derived estimated fat fraction(USFF) and MRI-PDFF and diagnostic performance of USFF for hepatic steatosis (MRI-PDFF ≥ 5%) were assessed, and validated in an independent data set from the other health screening center(validation set). Development set included 173 participants with suspected NAFLD with 126 (72.8%) having hepatic steatosis; and validation set included 452 health screening participants with 237 (52.4%) having hepatic steatosis. USFF was correlated with MRI-PDFF (Pearson r = 0.799 and 0.824; development and validation set). The model demonstrated high diagnostic performance, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.943 and 0.924 for development and validation set, respectively. Using cutoff of 6.0% from development set, USFF showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 87.8%, 78.6%, 81.9%, and 85.4% for diagnosing hepatic steatosis in validation set. In conclusion, multivariable QUS parameters-derived estimated fat fraction showed high diagnostic performance for detecting hepatic steatosis.
Comparative genomics of Mollicutes-related endobacteria supports a late invasion into Mucoromycota fungi
Authors: Longley Reid , Robinson Aaron , Liber Julian A. , Bryson Abigail E. , Morales Demosthenes P. , LaButti Kurt , Riley Robert , Mondo Stephen J. , Kuo Alan , Yoshinaga Yuko , Daum Chris , Barry Kerrie , Grigoriev Igor V. , Desirò Alessandro , Chain Patrick S. G. , Bonito Gregory
Published: September 2023

Diverse members of early-diverging Mucoromycota, including mycorrhizal taxa and soil-associated Mortierellaceae, are known to harbor Mollicutes-related endobacteria (MRE). It has been hypothesized that MRE were acquired by a common ancestor and transmitted vertically. Alternatively, MRE endosymbionts could have invaded after the divergence of Mucoromycota lineages and subsequently spread to new hosts horizontally. To better understand the evolutionary history of MRE symbionts, we generated and analyzed four complete MRE genomes from two Mortierellaceae genera: Linnemannia (MRE-L) and Benniella (MRE-B). These genomes include the smallest known of fungal endosymbionts and showed signals of a tight relationship with hosts including a reduced functional capacity and genes transferred from fungal hosts to MRE. Phylogenetic reconstruction including nine MRE from mycorrhizal fungi revealed that MRE-B genomes are more closely related to MRE from Glomeromycotina than MRE-L from the same host family. We posit that reductions in genome size, GC content, pseudogene content, and repeat content in MRE-L may reflect a longer-term relationship with their fungal hosts. These data indicate Linnemannia and Benniella MRE were likely acquired independently after their fungal hosts diverged from a common ancestor. This work expands upon foundational knowledge on minimal genomes and provides insights into the evolution of bacterial endosymbionts.
The influence of Antarctic governance on marine protected areas in the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement negotiations
Authors: Nocito Emily S. , Brooks Cassandra M.
Published: September 2023

With the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement adopted, the negotiations process left questions related to what would be included in the final text and how the BBNJ Agreement architecture would function. The Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), an international body, has successfully established high seas marine protected areas (MPAs), a key aspect of the BBNJ Agreement. Here, we investigate if and how CCAMLR has influenced negotiations on the BBNJ Agreement and how it may influence the forthcoming structure. This work used ethnographic notes and documents from the negotiations and interviews with actors who overlapped at both the BBNJ negotiations and the CCAMLR meetings to elucidate themes of influence that CCAMLR has had on the BBNJ negotiations. We found that CCAMLR is influencing the BBNJ negotiations in several ways, including through setting precedent and as an example for lessons learned. Additionally, we found that there was a divergence of views on whether CCAMLR would be considered a competent body by the decision-making mechanism of the BBNJ Agreement to establish MPAs due to the issues CCAMLR faces on reaching consensus. We found that some aspects of CCAMLR, such as the exclusivity (i.e., restricted to only actors working within the CCAMLR space) was perceived negatively by interviewees, thus affecting the BBNJ Agreement negotiations through hidden red lines. With the BBNJ Agreement adopted, there is still the potential for CCAMLR to be an example for the BBNJ structure and to be a participant in the BBNJ Agreement architecture.
Label-free detection and mapping of graphene oxide in single HeLa cells based on MCR-Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Chaloupková Zuzana , Žárská Ludmila , Belza Jan , Poláková Kateřina
Published: September 2023

Scheme of GO detection and mapping inside single HeLa cells by using label-free Raman spectroscopy with MCR analysis.
Zipping up tetraazaperylene: synthesis of tetraazacoronenes via double coupling in the bay positions
Authors: Eichelmann Robert , Rippel Daniel , Ballmann Joachim , Gade Lutz H.
Published: September 2023

Substituted tetraazacoronene fluorophores have been obtained selectively by double Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling of symmetrically substituted 1,2-bis(pinacolatoboryl)alkenes with a bay-substituted octaazaperopyrenedioxide (OAPPDO).
Mapping the electronic transitions of protonation sites in peptides using soft X-ray action spectroscopy
Authors: Leroux Juliette , Kotobi Amir , Hirsch Konstantin , Lau Tobias , Ortiz-Mahecha Carlos , Maksimov Dmitrii , Meißner Robert , Oostenrijk Bart , Rossi Mariana , Schubert Kaja , Timm Martin , Trinter Florian , Unger Isaak , Zamudio-Bayer Vicente , Schwob Lucas , Bari Sadia
Published: September 2023

Near-edge X-ray absorption mass spectrometry (NEXAMS) around the N and O K-edges was employed ongas-phase peptides to probe the electronic transitions related totheir protonation sites, namely at basic side chains, the N-terminus and the amide oxygen.
Stable and metastable crystal structures and ammonia dynamics in strontium chloride ammines
Authors: Demir Samet , Demir Gözde İniş , Çankaya Mehmet , Tekin Adem
Published: September 2023

Stable and metastable crystal structures of strontium chloride ammines have been found by combining the Fast and Flexible CrystAl Structure Predictor (FFCASP) with density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Reactive oxygen nanobiocatalysts: activity-mechanism disclosures, catalytic center evolutions, and changing states
Authors: Cao Sujiao , Long Yanping , Xiao Sutong , Deng Yuting , Ma Lang , Adeli Mohsen , Qiu Li , Cheng Chong , Zhao Changsheng
Published: September 2023

This review offers a comprehensive and timely summarization of the most recent breakthroughs and future trends in creating reactive oxygen nanobiocatalysts, which guides their broad applications in diverse biomedical and biological fields.
The relationship between vitamin K and T2DM: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Qu Boyang , Yan Shoumeng , Ao Yanrong , Chen Xingyang , Zheng Xiangyu , Cui Weiwei
Published: September 2023

Previous studies have shown the potential role of vitamin K supplementation in the prevention and treatment of many diseases.
A microfluidic mechano-chemostat for tissues and organisms reveals that confined growth is accompanied with increased macromolecular crowding
Authors: Ben Meriem Zacchari , Mateo Tiphaine , Faccini Julien , Denais Céline , Dusfour-Castan Romane , Guynet Catherine , Merle Tatiana , Suzanne Magali , Di-Luoffo Mickaël , Guillermet-Guibert Julie , Alric Baptiste , Landiech Sylvain , Malaquin Laurent , Mesnilgrente Fabien , Laborde Adrian , Mazenq Laurent , Courson Rémi , Delarue Morgan
Published: September 2023

Structure sliding-elements allow for 3D culture of tissues, organisms or 3D multicellular organisms in microfluidic systems.
Anion-dependent dysprosium(iii) cluster single-molecule magnets
Authors: Liu Cai-Ming , Hao Xiang
Published: September 2023

The same Schiff base ligand was used to assemble different zero-field Dy(iii) cluster single-molecule magnets with a nuclei number of 4 or 6, depending on the anions.
Robust self-healing superhydrophobic cotton fabric for durable and efficient oil–water separation
Authors: Zhang Hongliang , Guo Zhiguang
Published: September 2023

Superhydrophobic materials have great application prospects in oil–water separation. In this study, the self-healing superhydrophobic cotton fabric could extend its service life as a separation membrane in oil–water separation.
Engineered rare-earth nanomaterials for fluorescence imaging and therapy
Authors: Wang Hongru , Wei Zheng , Zhao Yangyang , Wang Shidong , Cao Lili , Wang Fan , Liu Kai , Sun Yanfei
Published: September 2023

Early diagnosis and treatment are of great significance for hindering the progression of brain disease.
Isolation of sulfonosphingolipids from the rosette-inducing bacterium Zobellia uliginosa and evaluation of their rosette-inducing activity
Authors: Peng Chia-Chi , Dormanns Nils , Regestein Lars , Beemelmanns Christine
Published: September 2023

The choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta transitions from unicellular to multicellular forms in the presence of bacterial signaling molecules, such as sulfonosphingolipids (RIFs).
Fluoride derivatization-enabled sensitive and simultaneous detection of biomarkers for nitrogen mustard in human plasma and urine via gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Fang-chao , Yang Yang , Yan Long , Wang Feng-yun , Wu Lei , Xia Ming-zhu , Li Xiao-Sen
Published: September 2023

Methyl-diethanolamine (CAS: 105-59-9), ethyl-diethanolamine (CAS: 139-87-7), and triethanolamine (CAS: 102-71-6) were identified as the degradation products and bio-markers of nitrogen mustard exposure.
Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, and antimicrobial activities of dinuclear nickel(ii), palladium(ii), and platinum(iv) complexes
Authors: Ebrahim Reem M. A. , Abdelbagi Abubakar , Sulfab Yousif , Hamdi Omer Abdalla Ahmed , Shokri Samah A. , Ali Elmugdad A.
Published: September 2023

New nickel(ii), palladium(ii), and platinum(iv) complexes were synthesized by reacting the metal ions with benzidinedioxime in a 1 : 1 mole ratio.
CRISPR/Cas9-based edition of frataxin gene in Dictyostelium discoideum
Authors: Gentili Hernan G. , Pignataro María Florencia , Olmos Justo , Pavan María Florencia , Ibañez Lorena Itatí , Santos Javier , Velazquez Duarte Francisco
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we describe the development of a Dictyostelium discoideum strain deficient in frataxin protein (FXN). We investigated the conservation of function between humans and D. discoideum and showed that DdFXN can substitute the human version in the interaction and activation of the Fe-S assembly supercomplex. We edited the D. discoideum fxn locus and isolated a defective mutant, clone 8, which presents landmarks of frataxin deficiency, such as a decrease in Fe-S cluster-dependent enzymatic functions, growth rate reduction, and increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. In addition, the multicellular development is affected as well as growing on bacterial lawn. We also assessed the rescuing capacity of DdFXN-G122V, a version that mimics a human variant present in some FA patients. While the expression of DdFXN-G122V rescues growth and enzymatic activity defects, as DdFXN does, multicellular development defects were only partially rescued. The results of the study suggest that this new D. discoideum strain offers a wide range of possibilities to easily explore diverse FA FXN variants. This can facilitate the development of straightforward drug screenings to look for new therapeutic strategies.
Clinical Practice in Childhood Dysarthria: An Online Survey of German-Speaking Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Kuschmann Anja , Schölderle Theresa , Haas Elisabet
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

This survey study aimed to establish current clinical practices of German-speaking speech-language pathologists (SLPs) regarding their assessment and treatment of communication disorders in children with neurological conditions, with a particular focus on the management of childhood dysarthria.

Method:

A 23-question cross-sectional online survey was disseminated to practicing SLPs in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland via relevant professional bodies. SLPs were invited to provide information on their current assessment and treatment practices. Demographic data including case load and clinical settings were also gathered to contextualize practices.

Results:

One hundred two SLPs responded to the survey, of which 68 valid responses were analyzed. German-speaking SLPs comprehensively assess and treat various aspects of overall communication, language, and swallowing functions in children with neurological conditions. Speech motor aspects did not represent a main intervention focus. In cases where the dysarthric component was targeted, specific approaches for childhood dysarthria were rarely used. Instead, SLPs reported using approaches developed for speech disorders other than dysarthria.

Conclusions:

German-speaking SLPs working with children with neurological conditions use various assessment and treatment methods to support children's communication. However, dysarthria-specific approaches were not an established part of clinical practice. Results of the survey highlight the need for access to relevant developments in German and for evaluation of current curricula for speech-language pathology students and continuing education opportunities for practicing clinicians.
A Know-Brainer: The Power of Cadaver-Based Instruction to Teach Clinical Neuroanatomy
Authors: Pitts Laura L. , Majewski-Schrage Tricia , Schieltz Elizabeth K. , Harpenau Lexi A. , Radunzel Justine
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Learning experiences that incorporate cadaver prosection or dissection of the brain have shown to enhance the acquisition and retention of neuroanatomy and improve standardized examination scores when included within medical curriculum. However, the role of cadaver-based instruction within allied health fields, and particularly in the field of communication sciences and disorders (CSD), remains limited and less understood.

Method:

The effectiveness of a cadaver-based lab compared to lecture to teach neuroanatomy within an undergraduate/postbaccalaureate clinical neuroscience course for CSD majors was explored within a crossover design. Fifty-four participants were stratified by class rank between two initial training sessions: lab-first versus lecture-first. Neuroanatomical knowledge was tested via labeling tasks at baseline, after the first allocated training, and at 1-week follow-up after crossover training had been completed.

Results:

Both cohorts demonstrated significant gains in neuroanatomical knowledge following training, yet after the initial training session, students that received cadaver-based instruction produced a significantly greater number (
p
< .001) and more accurate (
p
< .001) anatomical labels than students that received lecture. After completion of the crossover design, students receiving cadaver-based instruction prior to lecture continued to demonstrate superior labeling accuracy at follow-up testing (
p
= .022).

Conclusions:

Cadaver-based instruction was more effective in improving students' ability to identify neuroanatomy compared to lecture for CSD students. Interestingly, cadaver-based demonstrations were also most effective in bolstering students' retention of structural knowledge when conducted before, instead of after, a lecture. Clinical training programs, specifically student learning outcomes, benefit from cadaver-based instruction that provides both three-dimensional orientation and a deep appreciation of the human elements of clinical anatomy. Furthermore, both the acquisition and retention of anatomical concepts may be enhanced through strategic instructional design, particularly in regard to the order of lecture and lab experiences.
Development of a Sentence Verification Task to Measure Speech Comprehension and Listening Effort in Cochlear Implant Users
Authors: Patel Tirth R. , Moberly Aaron C. , Tamati Terrin N.
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

Tests measuring speech comprehension and listening effort for cochlear implant (CI) users may reflect important aspects of real-world speech communication. In this study, we describe the development of a multiple-talker, English-language sentence verification task (SVT) for use in adult CI users to measure speech comprehension and listening effort. We also examine whether talker differences affect speech comprehension and listening effort.

Method:

Thirteen experienced adult CI users participated in the study and underwent testing using a newly developed multiple-talker SVT. Participants were sequentially presented with audio recordings of unique sentences spoken in English by six different talkers. Participants classified each sentence as either true or false. Accuracy of classification and the response time (RT) for correct responses were used as measures of comprehension and listening effort, respectively. The effect of talker on the results was further analyzed.

Results:

All 13 participants successfully completed the SVT. The mean verification accuracy for participants was 87.2% ± 8.8%. The mean RT for correct responses across participants was 1,050 ms ± 391 ms. When stratified by talker, verification accuracy ranged from 83.7% to 95.2% and mean RTs across participant ranged from 786 ms to 1,254 ms. Talker did not have a significant effect on sentence classification accuracy, but it did have a significant effect on RTs (
p
< .001).

Conclusions:

The SVT is an easily implemented test that can assess speech comprehension and listening effort simultaneously. CI users may experience increased effort for comprehending certain talkers' speech, despite showing similar levels of comprehension accuracy.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24126630
Implementation Science in School-Based, Universal-Level Intervention Research: A Scoping Review
Authors: Gallagher Aoife L. , Murphy Rachel , Eochaidh Ciara Ni , Fitzgerald Johanna , Murphy Carol-Anne , Law James
Published: September 2023

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to map the use of implementation science frameworks, models, and theories in intervention research targeting learning needs in the classroom.

Method:

A scoping review was conducted. Electronic database and manual searches were conducted. Two reviewers independently completed screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal. Qualitative content analysis was undertaken using Nilsen's taxonomy and the domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The data were further analyzed using the CFIR valence and strength rating scales.

Results:

Included papers (
n
= 22) used a diverse sample of implementation science frameworks and models. Most studies used determinant frameworks to guide data collection and analysis. Few studies used implementation science theory. Most studies were mixed methods (
n
= 11), published since 2019 (
n
= 20), and conducted in North America (
n
= 15). Over half of the interventions targeted social, emotional, and mental health (
n
= 13). A complex interplay of inner setting factors was identified as having a strong influence on implementation. Teachers' knowledge and beliefs, adaptability, and complexity of interventions were also identified as important considerations when conducting research in this context.

Conclusions:

Early engagement with stakeholders in education is recommended when designing universal level speech, language, and communication interventions for use in the ordinary classroom. Adaptive, hybrid designs that test both implementation strategies and effectiveness of interventions may be warranted given the influence of inner setting factors on implementation outcomes.
Response of wheat cultivars to salt stress by leaf chlorophyll fluorescence method
Authors: Gurova Tamara , Chesnochenko Natalia
Published: September 2023

In laboratory experiments, the varietal specificity of the formation of adaptive reactions of 10-16 day-old seedlings of three varieties of spring wheat under chloride salinization (1.3%) according to the daily dynamics of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (ChF) was established. The informative value of the ChF parameters Y(II), ETR, qP, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, Y(NPQ), qN and Y(NQ) as reliable biomarkers for early assessment of the resistance of varieties to chloride salinization at the level of photosynthetic apparatus has been confirmed. The reaction to chloride salinization of the more stable Sibirskaya 21 variety was less pronounced compared to the less stable varieties Novosibirskaya 29 and Novosibirskaya 41. The more stable variety has the smallest changes in the parameters of the ChF relative to the control. The greatest intervarietal differences in chloride salinization were manifested in 16-day-old seedlings. The level of photosynthetic activity in the formation of adaptive reactions during chloride salinization can serve as a criterion of stress resistance, which will speed up the selection of breeding material and increase its efficiency due to early rejection of unpromising samples.
Regeneration of Pinus sibirica Du Tour as a result of trophic relationships with the thin-billed nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes macrorhynchos Brehm C L)
Authors: Tantsyrev Nikolai , Ivanova Natalya , Petrova Irina
Published: September 2023

Identifying the patterns of dynamics of natural populations of woody plants at the stage of their renewal is one of the main problems of forest ecology. The reforestation process is determined by both the dynamics of seed production and the specificity of seed dispersal of forest tree species. The five-needled pine renewal the Cembrae subsection with wingless seeds depends on birds of the genus Nucifraga sp., which store and spread their seeds. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between seed production and regeneration of Pinus sibirica Du Tour using the thin-billed nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes macrorhynchos Brehm C. L.) as a mediator. Long-term studies of these relationships have been carried out in the Siberian pine forests of the North Ural Mountains. As a result, a paradoxical conclusion is made that the number of Nucifraga birds during the period of storing and spreading of seeds in the previous year is a key factor in the abundance of Pinus sibirica seedlings. In turn, the number of seeds, both from the previous year and the current year, affects the number of Nucifraga birds.
Effect of agrochemical AminoPlus brand: Amino ZN on growth and production processes, corn plant yields
Authors: Chernysheva N. V. , Tosunov Ya. K. , Barchukova A. I.
Published: September 2023

Corn is one of the most widespread and popular grain crops in the world, which is due to its widespread use in the food industry, forage production and for technical purposes. In the world, the largest acreage of corn is concentrated in the USA and China; in the Russian Federation – in the Krasnodar Territory, in which more than 500 thousand hectares are sown with corn annually. The problem of increasing corn production can be solved, first of all, by increasing its yield. Given the high responsiveness of corn plants to organomineral fertilizers, an increase in yield and gross grain yields can be achieved by optimizing the nutrition regime. The tested agrochemical AminoPlus brand: Amino Zn is an organomineral fertilizer, which provides systemic and dosed foliar fertilization of corn plants (in phases 4-6 and 8-10 leaves), optimally providing the plant with nutrients, enhanced plant growth, the process of formation of reproductive organs and, ultimately, corn yield. The maximum yield of corn in grain – 53.5 centners per hectare (in the control – 44.4 centners per hectare) was obtained during foliar fertilizing of corn plants with the agrochemical AminoPlus brand: Amino Zn at a dose of 2.0 l/ha; the consumption of the spray material – 300 l/ha.
Psychotropic endophytes of cereals as potential bioagents
Authors: Nadeeva Galina , Ionova Natalia , Kravtsova Olga , Bagaeva Tatiana
Published: September 2023

Creating new biopesticides for protecting agricultural crops and developing their application methods, which are among the priority areas of the agro-industrial complex, are inextricably linked with continuous observation of soil microbiocenosis, growing plants, and changes in agro-climatic conditions in a specific region. Plant endophytes are potentially active bioagents for creating new microbiological preparations for protecting winter crops, as well as agricultural produce during its storage period. In connection with this, the morphophysiological characteristics of six isolates of endophytic bacteria, isolated at low temperatures from winter cereal plants, were studied. The species affiliation of the strains was determined - five isolates belonged to the genus Pseudomonas and one to the genus Chryseobacterium. An assessment of the antagonistic activity of endophytes in relation to phytopathogens causing rot of agricultural produce was conducted.
Preservation of the natural diversity of the steppe zone of the south-east of the European part of Russia
Authors: Ryabinina Natalia
Published: September 2023

The article deals with conditions and formation stages of steppe specially protected natural territories in the south-east of the European part of Russia and Volgograd region. To achieve the goal, the author used methods of field complex landscape-ecological studies, analysis of cartographic, literature and fund materials. Volgograd region is situated in the middle of the south-east of the Russian Plain. It is established that the region is characterized by high diversity of landscapes and ecosystems which belong to three natural zones (forest-steppe, steppe and desert steppes) and nine landscape provinces. This area can become a key territory for building an interregional nature conservation framework with major nuclei of etalon ecosystems and landscapes. The author suggests the following ideas to improve the network of specially protected natural territories in the south-east of the Russian Plain. First of all, it is advisable to establish a number of state nature reserves and national parks of cluster type representing the landscape range of the steppe zone in the south-east of the European part of Russia. Secondly, the idea of initiating new forms of innovative protected territories looks quite promising.