bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intervenção estética anterior por meio de facetas diretas em resina composta: relato de caso
Authors: Rocha Aurélio de Oliveira , Dos Anjos Lucas Menezes , Rocha Maria de Nazaré Oliveira , Lima Thaine Oliveira , Rodrigues Priscilla Castro Moura , Santos Lucas Ferreira de Sá , Santos Rafaela de Menezes dos Anjos , Silva Ingrid de Melo , Da Silva Denílson Oliveira Correia , Filho William José e Silva
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Descrever um caso clínico de intervenção restauradora nas unidades dentais anteriores superiores com facetas em resina composta e discutir a cerca desse tratamento. Detalhamento do caso: Paciente procurou atendimento no consultório odontológico queixando-se da harmonia do seu sorriso, onde o mesmo não gostava dos dentes amarelados, pequenos, separados e levemente desalinhados. Ao exame clínico verificou-se a presença de diastemas interdentais, unidades 12 e 22 com anatomia conóide e unidades 13 e 23 levemente girovertidos para distal. Tendo em vista as limitações do paciente e análise clínica, foi proposto reabilitação estética e funcional das unidades por meio de clareamento dental imediato em consultório, seguido de facetas em resina composta das unidades relatadas. Previamente ao tratamento restaurador foi confeccionado enceramento diagnóstico para evidenciar um possível resultado, planejar com segurança e confeccionar a guia palatina. Considerações finais: Para realização de múltiplas restaurações estéticas é de suma importância conhecimento teórico e prático por parte do cirurgião-dentista, planejamento minucioso do caso por meio do enceramento diagnóstico e cuidados pós-operatórios por parte do paciente, garantido assim o sucesso desse tratamento.
Avaliação da eficiência judiciária em casos de violência sexual contra mulheres
Authors: Mesquita Agda Barbosa , Silva Idna Karime de Sousa , Lima Francisco de Jesus , Melo Auricélia do Nascimento , De Deus Maria Castelo Branco Rocha , Nogueira Luciana Tolstenko , Pinto Lucielma Salmito Soares
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficiência judiciária em casos de violência sexual contra mulheres. Métodos: Tratou-se de estudo do tipo observacional, quantitativo e retrospectivo realizado a partir da análise documental de casos de violência sexual contra mulheres atendidas inicialmente em Serviço de Atenção à Mulher Vítima de Violência Sexual (SAMVVIS) e cujo processo judiciário correspondente tenha sido localizado na base de dados do Ministério Público. Resultados: 68% das vítimas eram menores de 18 anos, em 52% dos casos a violência ocorreu na residência da vítima e o agressor era familiar ou conhecido da vítima (62%). A média de audiências realizadas por processo foi 0,41, sendo que em 26 processos (52%) ainda não havia sido realizada nenhuma audiência. Apenas 13 (26%) casos constam como concluídos, e em apenas 5 (38,5%) destes casos, o réu foi condenado, sendo adotadas penas de medidas preventivas e privativas de liberdade. Observou-se que os agressores sem vínculo familiar com a vítima foram privados de liberdade mais frequentemente do que os com vínculo familiar. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam para a ineficiência do judiciário, considerando a realização de poucas audiências e de poucas baixas nos processos.
Impacto da Covid-19 no funcionamento das clínicas de radiologia odontológicas no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: De Sousa Mathias Antonio Costa , Rego Vanessa Beatriz Jales , Lima Nathan Felipe de Brito , De Souza Lara Danúbia Galvão , Custódio Lorena Layanne Pereira , De Melo Ana Tatiana Gonzalez , Filho Abrahão Alves de Oliveira , Figueiredo Camila Helena Machado da Costa , Ramos Joab Cabral , Almeida Manuella Santos Carneiro
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o funcionamento e as medidas de segurança das clínicas de radiologia odontológica na região nordeste do Brasil, durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de uma abordagem indutiva, com procedimento estatístico-descritivo e técnica de observação indireta. Os dados foram coletados no período de março a julho de 2020, através de sítios eletrônicos (homepages) e perfis de redes sociais das clínicas de radiologia odontológica dos estados do nordeste do Brasil, sendo selecionadas 162 clínicas. Resultados: As clínicas de radiologia odontológica apresentam um alto risco para disseminação da COVID-19. Para isso, foram necessárias atualizações nos protocolos de biossegurança destes âmbitos. A amostra apresentou que 48,14% das clínicas fecharam no mês de março e que 31,48% realizaram atendimento emergencial. Medidas como evitar radiografias intrabucais e dar preferência às extrabucais foram adotadas e, com o intuito de minimizar o contágio, a Teleodontologia foi utilizada por 58,64% dessas, disponibilizando os resultados dos exames por meio de ferramentas digitais. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo revelaram a importância da implementação das normas de segurança, adotadas pelos órgãos de saúde, e a necessidade da evolução da biossegurança na rotina clínica da radiologia odontológica.
Avaliação da dor em crianças com câncer: revisão narrativa de literatura
Authors: Junior Valmor Arede Cordova , Neto Silvestre Savino , Chermont Aurimery Gomes , Trindade Creusa Barbosa dos Santos , Loureiro Suellen Patricia Sales da Costa , Nunes Heliana Helena de Moura
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Descrever as escalas de avaliação da dor em crianças com câncer. Revisão bibliográfica: A dor é um dos principais e mais limitantes sintomas em crianças com câncer. Nessas crianças, muitas vezes a dor pode ser subestimada e subdiagnosticada. Avalia-la adequadamente é o primeiro passo para o manejo correto, contudo o uso errôneo das ferramentas disponíveis compromete o seu tratamento. Observou-se que o uso de ferramentas facilita a avaliação de dor em crianças, sendo o auto relato a medida mais fidedigna, o uso de figuras mostrou-se útil em crianças não alfabetizadas e as tecnologias em saúde aumentam a aderência das crianças ao processo de avaliação. Considerações finais: A avaliação da dor em crianças é complexa e fundamental para direcionar o tratamento, as escalas podem facilitar e sistematizar o processo. As escalas unidimensionais são as mais utilizadas na prática, sendo a intensidade da dor a dimensão mais comumente avaliada. Entretanto, as escalas multidimensionais são mais indicadas porque permitem uma compreensão mais abrangente da dor.
Cuidados odontológicos no atendimento domiciliar
Authors: Neto José Milton de Aquino e Silva , Nascimento Tatianne Michelle Delgado do , Silva Alessandra Soares da , Anjos Camilla Lins dos , Mendonça Izabel Cristina Gomes de
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo evidenciar os principais aspectos da visita domiciliar em saúde bucal na atenção primária. Revisão bibliográfica: A incorporação do atendimento domiciliar aponta para uma reorganização das práticas de saúde além dos muros dos serviços de saúde, deslocando o olhar crítico para um espaço em que o paciente vive sendo enquadrado nesse aspecto, tanto o usuário, quanto a família e a comunidade nos quais as práticas das atenções estão enraizadas, identificando as particularidades, e quais seriam aquelas famílias que de alguma forma precisam de um maior acesso a porta de entrada no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). A visita domiciliar atende aos princípios norteadores das ações especificas nas diretrizes da Política nacional de Saúde Bucal, bem como os princípios da ética da saúde, o acesso universal para a assistência e o acolhimento, por isso é de suma importância o atendimento com uma equipe multidisciplinar incluindo o Cirurgião Dentista (CD). Considerações finais: O atendimento domiciliar não é implantado em todos os territórios no sentido das atividades e estratégias de saúde bucal, porém vale ressaltar que o CD deve ser inserido buscando cuidar de maneira integral da cavidade bucal dos pacientes.
A importância da resina composta Bulk Fill na odontologia moderna
Authors: Siqueira Sandes Déborah Cristina Fernandes David , De Mendonça Izabel Cristina Gomes
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Abordar por meio de uma revisão narrativa os fundamentais pontos clínicos das Resinas Compostas Bulk Fill (RCBF) e sua importância no consultório odontológico. Revisão bibliográfica: Com o intuito de preencher algumas características não desejáveis presentes na RC, visando aprimorar e melhorar a durabilidade além do tempo clínico para sua implantação, foram realizadas inúmeras pesquisas com o objetivo de melhorar esses fatores. Uma dessas principais alterações feitas foi realizada em seu componente orgânico, tanto na quantidade estabelecida quanto em sua composição, continuando sem alterações sua matriz principal, que são polímeros à base de metacrilato. Assim sendo, foram estabelecidas as resinas compostas Bulk Fill, em que viabilizaram ao Cirurgião Dentista (CD) a sua aplicação de maneira única dentro da restauração do elemento dental. Considerações finais: A aplicação das RCBF simplifica o dia a dia do CD por restringir de maneira considerável inúmeros passos e estágios que as RC demandam, as RCBF indicam certo equilíbrio de coloração.  O uso das resinas Bulk Fill concede que se deixe de lado a técnica tradicional de incrementação, reduzindo-se o tempo do paciente no consultório.
Balanced, biologic, and cost-effective technique for anterior cruciate ligament tibial avulsion repair: A 15-step novel approach
Authors: Pandey Vinay K.
Published: March 2021

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is most common ligament injured in knee. Sometimes, these are tibial side avulsions, leading to anterior knee impingement and instability. Multiple arthroscopic techniques have been described ranging from screw, staple, and k-wire fixation. Recent past have shown emergence of various transosseous suture fixation techniques using button, disc, or bone bridge. Transosseous techniques described range from single, double, and four tunnel method using fiber wire in various configuration. Our technique highlights biologic, balanced, and knotless method of ACL tibial avulsion fixation using fiber tape and two tibial tunnels.
KONFLIK SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DENGAN PERUSAHAAN SAWIT ECAMATAN BATU AMPAR KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA
Authors: Peryadi Endang , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Musa Pabali
Published: March 2021

Abstract The research is related to the problem of Social Conflict between the Community and Palm Oil Company in Batu Ampar Sub-district, Kubu Raya Regency. The problem is why social tension occurs between the oil palm plantation company and the local community in Batu Ampar Sub-district. The theory used by Marx aims to describe the social conflict between the community and the owner of palm oil plantation company. The method used is descriptive research that aims to explain intensively about the research in question. It includes the background of the current situation, and the environmental interaction of a social unit: individuals, groups, institutions, or communities. The conclusion from the findings of this research about social conflict between PT. Fajar Saudara Lestari Oil Palm Plantation and the community of Batu Ampar Villages, Batu AMpar Sub-District, Kubu Raya Regency is expected to provide input to various parties. Social conflict between PT. Fajar Saudara Lestari Oil Palm Plantation and the community is due to changes in the socio-economic structure of the community from the capacity system through patterns for business. As a result of the entry o the oil palm plantation, there is a grouping of people over the structure of resources, including: groups that have the power of economic resources and groups that have social resources. Key words : Social conflict, Oil Palm Plantation Farmers, Batu Ampar-Kubu Raya
Motivasi Pengungsi Etnis Madura dalam Peningkatan Ekonomi (Studi Kasus Relokasi di Satuan Pemukiman Dua (SP 2) Desa Mekar Sari Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu Raya)
Authors: Fazilah Amira
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKBerdasarkan catatan dari pihak Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, jumlah pengungsi etnis Maduradari Kabupaten Sambas padapertengahan tahun1999, tercatat sebanyak 62.582jiwa (13.020KK ).  Permasalahan muncul terkait motivasi etnis Madura dalam peningkatan ekonomi pada tempat yang baru, yaitu di tempat relokasi sebagai tempat tinggal permanen dengan berbagai permasalahan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Motivasi pengungsi etnis Madura dalam meningkatkan perekonomian di Relokasi Satuan Pemukiman Dua (SP 2) Desa Mekar Sari Kecamatan Sungai Raya Kabupaten Kubu tidak berpengaruh hal ini disebabkan karena etos kerja masyarakat etnis Madura itu sediri dan bukan karena motivasi mereka meningkat setelah mereka diungsikan karena banyak dari Masyarakat pengungsi etnis Madura yang dahulu di Sambas memiliki lahan yang luas dan peternakan. Ada dua faktor pendorong yang dominan dalam meningkatnya motivasi etnis Madura yaitu faktor kebutuhan fisikologis dan faktor rasa aman. Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu Pemerintah perlu menyediakan sarana dan prasana pendukung dalam memotivasi etnis Madura untuk lebih berdaya dalam menghadapi permasalahan yang mereka hadapi. Kata kunci: Motivasi, Peningkatan Ekonomi, Etnis Madura
Getting something out of nothing
Authors: Lo H-K
Published: March 2021

We study quantum key distribution with standard weak coherent states and show, rather counter-intuitively, that the detection events originated from vacua can contribute to secure key generation rate, over and above the best previous result. Our proof is based on a communication complexity/quantum memory argument. The key observation is that Eve does not have to store anything, if Alice sends out a vacuum state.
Surface-electrode architecture for ion-trap quantum information processing
Authors: Chiaverini J. , Blakestad R.B. , Britton J. , Jost J.D. , Langer C. , Leibfried D. , Ozeri R. , Wineland D.J.
Published: March 2021

We investigate a surface-mounted electrode geometry for miniature linear radio frequency Paul ion traps. The electrodes reside in a single plane on a substrate, and the pseudopotential minimum of the trap is located above the substrate at a distance on the order of the electrodes' lateral extent or separation. This architecture provides the possibility to apply standard microfabrication principles to the construction of multiplexed ion traps, which may be of particular importance in light of recent proposals for large-scale quantum computation based on individual trapped ions.
A linear-size quantum circuit for addition with no ancillary qubits
Authors: Takahashi Y. , Kunihiro N.
Published: March 2021

We construct a quantum circuit for addition of two $n$-bit binary numbers that uses no ancillary qubits. The circuit is based on the ripple-carry approach. The depth and size of the circuit are $O(n)$. This is an affirmative answer to the question of Kutin \cite{Kutin} as to whether a linear-depth quantum circuit for addition can be constructed without ancillary qubits using the ripple-carry approach. We also construct quantum circuits for addition modulo $2^n$, subtraction, and comparison that use no ancillary qubits by modifying the circuit for addition.
A quantum cryptographic protocol with detection of compromised server
Authors: Kuhn D. R.
Published: March 2021

This paper presents a server-based hybrid cryptographic protocol, using quantum and classical resources, to generate a key for authentication and optionally for encryption in a network. A novel feature of the protocol is that it can detect a compromised server. Additional advantages are that it avoids the requirement for timestamps used in classical protocols, guarantees that the trusted server cannot know the authentication key, can provide resistance to multiple photon attacks, and can be used with BB84 or other quantum key distribution protocols. Each resource shares a previously distributed secret key with the trusted server, and resources can communicate with the server using both classical and quantum channels. Resources do not share secret keys with each other, so that the key distribution problem for the network is reduced from O(n^2) to O(n).
Highly asymmetric quantum cloning in arbitrary dimension
Authors: Fiuravsek J. , Filip R. , Cerf N.J.
Published: March 2021

We investigate the universal asymmetric cloning of states in a Hilbert space of arbitrary dimension. We derive the class of optimal and fully asymmetric $1\rightarrow 3$ cloners, which produce three copies, each having a different fidelity. A simple parametric expression for the maximum achievable cloning fidelity triplets is then provided. As a side-product, we also prove the optimality of the $1\rightarrow 2$ asymmetric cloning machines that have been proposed in the literature.
On “Quantum and Classical Message Identification via Quantum Channels”
Authors: Winter A.
Published: March 2021

Erratum:
Development and Validation of a Headspace Gas Chromatographic (HS-GC) Method for Determination of Residual Solvents in Nitazoxanide API
Authors: Rajesh Kumar Chawla  , Koteswara Rao G S N  , Umasankar Kulandaivelu  , Siva Prasad Panda  , Rajasekhar Reddy Alavala
Published: March 2021

Controlling residual solvents in the drug substances or active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is mandatory to the specified limits as per the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) Q3C guidelines. Residual solvents in pharmaceuticals are mostly determined by Gas Chromatography with Headspace. A simple and sensitive headspace gas chromatographic (HS-GC) method has been developed for the determination of Acetone, Dichloromethane and Cyclohexane in Nitazoxanide API. The separation of analytes was achieved with DB – 624 (30 m length, 0.53 mm inner diameter and 3.0 μm in film thickness) capillary column. Dimethyl formamide was used as a diluent. Nitrogen was used as carrier gas with 3.0 mL/minutes and Flame ionisation detector (FID) for detecting analytes. The oven temperature was set at 60°C for 5 minutes at initial and programmed at a rate of 20°C per minute to a final temperature of 240°C for 2 minutes. Run time was 16 minutes, and total GC cycle time was 25 minutes. The spilt ratio used as 1:20 to get optimum peak response. The developed method was validated as per the ICH guidelines for specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, the limit of detection, the limit of quantification and robustness. The results of validation were indicated no interference, good recoveries, precise, linear, rugged and robust method, suitable for the determination of residual solvents in Nitazoxanide API for research and routine quality control laboratory.
Targets and Mechanism of Action of Chemical constituents from Plants with Potential Anti-leukemic Activity
Authors: Kalpana Priyadarshini Das  , Chaithra M.L  , Sibi G
Published: March 2021

The plant kingdom has been the most significant source of anticancer drugs. These include alkaloids, diterpenes, tannins, phenolics, lignans, glycosides which have exhibited lesser toxicity than conventional drugs. In leukaemia, the human body is susceptible to infections due to the replacement of normal leucocytes replaced by a large number of immature cells. Chemotherapy for leukaemia is associated with side effects and drug resistance by the leukemic cells. Cytotoxic agents with higher efficacy and lesser side effects are good candidates in cancer therapy, and plant metabolites serve as potential bioactive agents in anticancer drug formulations. This review article discusses the anti-leukemic properties of compounds obtained from plants and the mechanism of anti-leukemic activity induced by each of these plants. Effect of plants and their metabolites on different leukemic cell lines such as HL60, Kasumi-1, CCRF-CEM, K-562, U-937, THP-1 and MOLT-3 was compared. The findings showed anti-leukemic activity through cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, destruction of mitochondrial function, suppression of tumour genes, apoptosis-inducing enzymes and cytotoxic activities of plants and their derivatives. Based on extensive research ﬁndings from this review, phytochemicals and their derived analogues possess the most promising option for the better and less toxic anti-leukemic treatment. Identification of the mechanism of action by the plant bioactive compounds helps in developing standard herbal medicines for effective leukaemia treatment.
Simultaneous Estimation of Bempedoic Acid and Ezetimibe by UPLC
Authors: Rama Rao B  , Venkateswarlu BS  , Venkata Rao V
Published: March 2021

A selective and novel method has been optimized for the evaluation of Bempedoic Acid and Ezetimibe in bulk samples by U.P.L.C. The principle analyzes were eluted with the conditions of mobile phase having the 0.1% orthophosphoric acid and acetonitrile (90:10 ratio) using the X bridge C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5μm) analytical column with the 1.0 ml/min flow rate and 10 µl sample volume at 290 nm in a photodiode array detector. The retention times of Bempedoic Acid and Ezetimibe were 0.27 min and 0.73 min with the total run time of 2 min. The curve indicates the correlation coefficient (r2) was superior by having the value equal to 0.998 with a linear range of 30 n.g/m.l- 225 n.g/m.l for Bempedoic Acid and for Ezetimibe 150 n.g/m.l-1125 n.g/m.l. The correlation coefficient (r2) found linear. The LOQ and LOD for the Bempedoic Acid and Ezetimibe found 2.5 n.g/m.l and 7.5 n.g/m.l and 2.9 n.g/m.l and 8.9 n.g/m.l. After the method optimization, the method was validated as per ICH guidelines. As per the results obtained in the method validation, there was no interference of the blank and carryover problem even at the LOQ level quantification. Both LOQ and LOD of this method was verified practically in the instrument with S/N ratio criteria. The results were found satisfactory.
Screening of Colour Vision in Paediatric Population
Authors: Lingesh Kumar V  , Anuradha Krishnan P
Published: March 2021

The descriptive cross-sectional study was done to screen the children attending paediatric OPD of Saveetha Medical College and Hospital for colour vision deficiency and to find out the overall prevalence of CVD and compare the prevalence rate among males and females. One hundred seventy-five children in the age group 4 – 12 years attending paediatric OPD of Saveetha Medical College and Hospital were taken up for the study. Visual acuity and colour vision test using the Ishihara chart was conducted for all the children. Results were tabulated and statistically analysed. It was noted that 7 (4.14%) children were found to be colour deficient. Out of which 6 (7.68%) and 1 (1.10%) were Male and Female children respectively, Considering the religion, the higher prevalence of colour vision deficiency was found among Muslim children 4(14.8%) as compared to Hindu 2 (2.1%) and Christian 1 (2.1%) children. Early diagnosis of this defect helps them in minimising the potential problems they face in their everyday life, and enable them to make adaptive strategies to improve the quality of life and most importantly helps them in choosing appropriate professional choice in their career and creating awareness through education. Medical counselling will improve to reduce the occurrence of Colour Vision disorder.
A cross-sectional study on knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer screening methods among women of reproductive age group in an urban area
Authors: Tabitha Elizabeth Thomas  , Manju  , Timsi Jain
Published: March 2021

Cervical cancer, a malignant tumour of the cervix, the lowermost part of the uterus, is usually associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection. Asymptomatic in early stages, it becomes symptomatic as the disease progresses. Cancer cervix can be prevented with HPV vaccines and regular screening practices like the Pap smear test. Poor awareness, lack of knowledge on risk factors, signs and symptoms and socioeconomic limitations serve as barriers for women to take up cancer screening. This study was done to assess the knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer screening practices among women. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-structured questionnaire among urban women of reproductive age group. Data were recorded, tabulated and analysed. Of the 248 women of the reproductive age group who were interviewed, 63% knew that cervical cancer is a leading cause of death among Indian women. Although 68.5% knew that HPV is the causative organism, only a quarter of them knew about the vaccination schedule. Only 42% of those who were aware of the Pap smear test knew the age at which screening had to be started. In conclusion, most of the participants knew about cervical cancer and its causative organism. However, their knowledge on preventive measures, HPV vaccine and Pap smear test was poor.
Effects of extrusion operating conditions and blend proportion on the physicochemical and sensory properties of teff-rice blend extruded products
Authors: Minweyelet M. , Solomon W.K. , Bultosa G.
Published: March 2021

The effects of extrusion conditions, teff-to-rice blend ratio (25-100%), feed moisture
content (21-25%) and barrel temperature (130- 150°C) on the physico-chemical properties
and the sensory attributes of extruded product from teff-rice blend was investigated. The
physico-chemical properties (specific length, bulk density, expansion, water absorption
index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and hardness), and sensory acceptability
(flavor, color, texture and overall acceptability) were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by
the extrusion conditions. Increasing barrel temperature resulted in higher expansion, lower
density, reduced hardness and higher WAI, and WSI. Increase in the proportion of teff
resulted in increased density, hardness, and WSI whereas increase in teff proportion
brought about a decrease in expansion and WAI. Increasing feed moisture content resulted
in higher density, lower expansion, higher WAI, lower WSI, higher hardness and lower
crispness. The sensory scores reduced with increase in the proportion teff. The numerical
optimization revealed that the optimal extrusion conditions for the best result were
extrusion temperature of 150°C, feed moisture content of 21.2% and blending ratio of
40% teff with a desirability value of 0.901. The graphical optimization revealed that the
best results were found between 140 to 150°C, 21 to 22% feed moisture and 25 to 46% of
teff proportion.
Response surface methodology optimization study on corncob pretreatment: reduction of sodium hydroxide usage and enhancement in pulpzyme HC
biobleaching efficiency
Authors: Tang T.-K. , Lee Y.-Y. , Phuah E.-T. , Tan C.-P. , Kanagaratnam S. , Wang Y. , Cheong L.-Z. , Jamalullail N.A. , Yap K.-L. , Lee C.-M. , Tan J.S. , Lai O.-M.
Published: March 2021

Lignocellulosic rich corncob biomass possesses less complex structure, lignin and
pigment content. As compared to wood pulp, it is considered to be a better alternative for
the production of cellulose fibre. The present study was conducted to optimize both the
alkaline (using sodium hydroxide) and biobleaching (using Pulpzyme HC) pretreatment
process of corncob to promote lignin removal and cellulose swelling. It was the aim of this
work to achieve mild processing conditions for corncob pretreatment in order to minimize
the chemical usage. Results demonstrated that the mild pretreatment approach employed
was found to successfully increase cellulose swelling and lignin removal from the corncob
biomass. In alkaline pretreatment process, reaction temperature showed to be the most
prominent effect in enhancing lignin removal and cellulose swelling as compared to
sodium hydroxide concentration and reaction time. RSM optimized conditions for alkaline
pretreatment process: 0.5 M NaOH, reaction temperature of 80°C and reaction time of 30
mins manage to increase the sedimentation index (indicate swelling of cellulose) from 0 to
30 and reduce the kappa number (represent lignin removal) from 82 to 32, respectively.
Meanwhile, for biobleaching pretreatment using Pulpzyme HC, reaction time play a more
significant role than the Pulpzyme HC concentration in promoting lignin removal and
increasing cellulose swelling. RSM optimized conditions showed that the kappa number
was reduced from 32 to 18 whereas the sedimentation index increased from 30 to 60 when
the alkaline pretreated corncob was biobleached with Pulpzyme HC.
Effect of Organic Fertilizer And Bread Wheat (triticum Aesitivum L.) Genotypes on Yield And Yield Components
Authors: M.m. Noori Muradjan , A. Hussain Mohammed , Alo Khether Abbas
Published: March 2021

The experiment was carried out at College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences farm, Duhok University, the experiment was laid out in Randomize Complete Block Design with three replications and arranged in factorial experiment to evaluate the effect of organic fertilization levels and bread wheat genotypes (Tamoz-2, IPA-95 and Abu. Garib-3), and the foliar organic mineral fertilizer used at three rates 0.5, 0.75 and one litter. The results showed highly significant effect of bread wheat genotypes in all studied characters with exception of weight grain spike -1 , also organic fertilizer exhibited significant effect in plant height, leaf area, 1000-grain weight, number of grain spike, length of spike and grain yield, while the effect of interaction between genotypes and organic fertilizer levels showed highly significant effect for all characters except of spike length, the results indicated that the rate 1 liter and Abu. Garib-3 gave the maximum plant height, leaf area, 1000 grain weight, number of grain spike-1 , weight of grain spike-1 , spike length and grain weight with values (91.2, 56.9, 47.5, 48.7, 2.8, 8.7 and 355.0 gm) respectively. The correlation coefficient of grain yields gave highly significant with plant height (0.972), leaf area (0.916), 1000 grain weight (0.923), number of grain spike-1 (0.951) and spike length (0.974). The results for this study had shown that, using organic fertilizer and suitable wheat genotypes effects significantly on yield and most of yield components.
Microscopic And Molecular Identification of Anaplasma Ovis in Small Ruminants in Duhok Province in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Adnan , M Abdo Jassim
Published: March 2021

In last ten years, there has been a developing enthusiasm for microscopic organisms from the genus Anaplasma, particularly the species A. ovis. It is associated with the pathogenic action of these microscopic organisms in livestock. Anaplasma ovis is a tick-borne obligate intracellular rickettsial bacterium that causes anaplasmosis in domestic and wild small ruminants. The samples of the present study were collected from small ruminants from inside seven distinct regions (Akre, Simele, Zummar, Feshchapoor, Deraboon, Bajed Kandal,Karoda)of Duhok province, 389 (goats 75 and sheep 314) during the period of April and May 2018, blood sample were taken and thin smear was formed, after Giemsa’s staining the slide is observed under microscope. In this study used Giemsa stain for microscopic examination out of 389 animals 250 were found positive for Anaplasma ovis infection with a prevalence rate of 64.26 % and 139 of them were negative with a prevalence rate of 35.73 %. According to the species of animals, the highest prevalence of A. ovis infection in animals by using microscopic examination was 67.83 %, 213 positive sample from total 314 blood samples from sheep and lowest prevalence was 49.33 %, 37 positive sample from total 75 blood samples from goats. PCR analysis of 100 blood samples obtained from total 250 positive blood samples after DNA extraction and measure of concentration and purity we used 2 primers that target major surface protein 4 (MSP4) in A. ovis genomic DNA. The results of PCR test with major surface protein 4 primer was 83 samples positive from total 100 samples, According to the species of animals, the highest prevalence of A. ovis was 83.7 %, 72 positive sample from total 86 blood samples from sheep and lowest prevalence was 78.5 %, 11 positive sample from total 14 blood samples from goats.
Formation And Development of Vertisols in Selivany Plain at Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Authors: Darwish Abdulrahman Haliz , Ali Fayyadh Mohammed , A.h. Doski Jamal
Published: March 2021

The study area located at the Selivany plain in Duhok governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Forty- three soil samples were taken from horizons in all studied pedons then physically and chemically analyzed according to standard methods. The studied soils were slightly alkaline non- saline. The values of CEC increased with increasing clay content. The Studied soils considered Vertisols and occurs pedoturbation, in turn, trans-locating organic matter from surface to subsurface and deep horizons, additionally, existing plant roots contribute in increasing organic matter in these horizons, and the humification process can occur in different soil horizons. Total carbonate content increased with increasing depth in subsurface horizons this due to the origin of limestone parent materials. The differences in carbonate distribution manner indicated to development. The studied soils contain a considerable amount of active carbonate that affecting different soil properties. Relatively high clay content in studied soils and its content at the surface horizons are lower than it at subsurface horizons. The high value of clay and silt content indicates to soil development. The following pedogenic processes can be specified loss, gain, leaching, illuviation, eluviation, alkalization, humification, lessivage, desalinization, calcification, decomposition, synthesis, pedoturbation, and braunification. Humification processes of organic matter are predominate because the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C / N) is less than 25. According to the criterion (Total clay in B-horizon / Total clay at A-orizon) most of the studied pedons (1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, and 14) considered as well developed soils. The ratio of (Active carbonate/ Total carbonate) was high ranged between (0.31-3.14%), and this may be due to the high weathering intensity of parent material, as a result of increased the ratio mass of active carbonate to total carbonate.
ENHANCING STUDENTS’ SCIENCE COMMUNICATION SKILLS THROUGH MORE LEARNING MODEL
Authors: Pratiwi Taufanny Putri , Munasir Munasir , Suprapto Nadi
Published: March 2021

A This study aims to analyze students’ science communication skills in the physics learning process especially in the Work and Energy concept using (Model-Observe-Reflect-Explain) MORE learning models. The research used a mixed method by utilizing test, questionnaires, and interviews with 10th and 11st grade students majoring in science, physics teachers and headmaster. The data was obtained by taking the physics scores of students in the work and energy concept who have received learning with the MORE learning model, then provides a questionnaire containing the obstacles faced by students in learning physics and interviews with students and teachers regarding learning constraints and science communication skills after learning using the MORE learning model. The findings indicated the MORE learning model helps students in practising science communication skills in learning with good student science communication skills will increase students’ understanding of Work and Energy concepts as seen from the students’ scores in the work and energy concept.  Keywords: science communication skill, MORE learning model, mixed methods, physics, cognitive ability                                                                                                                                                           Abstrak                                                                           Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterampilan komunikasi sains siswa dalam proses pembelajaran fisika khususnya pada materi pembelajaran Usaha dan Energi dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran (Model-Observe-Reflect-Explain) MORE. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed method dengan menggunakan tes, angket, dan wawancara yang diberikan pada siswa kelas 10 dan 11 jurusan IPA, guru-guru fisika dan kepala sekolah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mengambil nilai fisika siswa yang telah mendapatkan  pembelajaran pada materi Usaha dan Energi dengan model pembelajaran MORE, kemudian memberikan angket yang diisikan kendala-kendala yang dihadapi siswa selama proses pembelajaran fisika dan wawancara dengan siswa dan guru mengenai kendala-kendala selama proses pembelajaran untuk melatihkan keterampilan komunikasi sains dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran MORE. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran MORE dapat membantu siswa dalam melatihkan keterampilan komunikasi sains dalam pembelajaran fisika. Meningkatnya keterampilan komunikasi sains siswa maka akan meningkatkan pula pemahaman siswa pada materi Usaha dan Energi yang terlihat dari nilai yang diperoleh siswa.  Kata Kunci: keterampilan komunikasi sains, model pembelajaran MORE, mixed methods, fisika, kemampuan kognitif
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ADOBE FLASH CS6 UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATERI KESETIMBANGAN KIMIA
Authors: Harahap Lenni Khotimah , Siregar Anggi Desviana
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine: (1) the feasibility of interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6; (2) differences in motivation and learning outcomes using interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6 and using chemistry learning media on the internet; (3) the influence of motivation on learning outcomes. This study uses R&D ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) method. The population was all students of second grade at SMA Negeri 1 Padangsidimpuan. The samples were taken by using purposive sampling, there were 60 students from two classes at the second grade. The data collection instruments were tests and questionnaires. The results: (1) the feasibility of interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6 shows the mean is 4.5, which is very suitable to use; (2) motivation and learning outcomes using interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6 shows 94.7% and 87.17 which is higher than the motivation and learning outcomes using chemistry learning media on the internet, namely 88.5% and 79.67; (3) the effect of learning motivation in learning outcomes using interactive learning media based on Adobe Flash CS6 is 18.6%. The results of this study is used as an input for teachers and prospective teachers in using interactive learning media to create fun learning and increase motivation that will have an impact on learning outcomes.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING TERINTEGRASI MEDIA KOMPUTASI HYPERCHEM PADA MATERI BENTUK MOLEKUL
Authors: Siregar Anggi Desviana , Harahap Lenni Khotimah
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul elektronik (E-Modul) berbasis project based learning terintegrasi media komputasi hyperchem pada materi bentuk molekul. Pengembangan e-modul sebagai implementasi teknologi, informasi dan komunikasi dalam media pembelajaran di Universitas Negeri Medan. E-modul disusun sesuai kurikulum Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia (KKNI) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pengembangan (research and development) dengan model pengembangan Analysis-Design-Development-Implementation-Evaluation (ADDIE). Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah lembar uji kelayakan e-modul berdasarkan BSNP  dan tes hasil belajar mahasiswa untuk uji coba penggunaan e-modul. E-modul dianalisis menggunakan uji Independent Sample T-test pada program SPSS 21.0 for  windows. E-modul yang dikembangkan telah divalidasi menggunakan skala likert pada aspek kelayakan isi, kelayakan bahasa, kelayakan penyajian dan kelayakan kegrafikan.  Hasil validasi terhadap e-modul diperoleh nilai rata-rata keseluruhan dari keempat aspek sebesar 3,64 yang dinyatakan sangat layak untuk digunakan mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba penggunaan e-modul diperoleh n-gain pretest dan posttest hasil belajar mahasiswa sebesar 0,78 yang tergolong kategori tinggi.
Identifying the Topographic Slope Characteristics Most Preferred By Wild Olive Trees in Al-Bahah Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors:   Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Al-Bahah University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Baha 31982, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Published: March 2021

The aims of this research were to identify the topographical slope characteristics most preferred by wild olive trees in the Al-Bahah region. This study successfully identified the degree of the slope preferred for wild olive groves. The findings revealed that the majority (72.9%) of wild olive trees in Al-Bahah region occupy slopes of 5–30°. However, the patterns in Qelwa and Al-Mekhwah districts are a bit different where most of the wild olives were found on steeper slopes of 20–40°. This is probably because these sub-regions have a medium to steep slope, descending gradually toward the west, the altitudes ranging from 200 (400) to 2001 and 2200 m west of Al¬-Bahah city and Uwera, and between 2000 and 2100 m west of Baljurashi. The results further depicted that the wild olive with the medium-large crown diameter mostly occupied the gentler slopes of 0–25° compared to those with small crown diameters at steeper slopes of 5–35°. This indicates that the wild olive trees grow better on gentler slopes. These findings can be regarded as theoretically revealing the potential landform suitable for olive plantation. As a basis for olive plantation site suitability, these factors are the essential prerequisites to be considered. However. In addition, it is obvious that site suitability is subject to the temporal dynamics of environmental variables.
The influence of the stratum structure of the pipe pile sliding pile of the offshore platform
Authors:   Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
Published: March 2021

This article has carried on the theoretical analysis to the generation mechanism of the sliding pile phenomenon. A certain prediction was made on the causes of slipping piles and their influencing factors. At the same time, it is based on the collected field measurement data, an engineering example is selected to briefly analyze the changes in the bearing capacity of the pile foundation after the sliding pile occurs. It is found that the influence of the sliding pile on the bearing capacity of the pile foundation is mainly the influence on the side friction resistance of the pile, and the reduction of the soil resistance is also mainly due to the reduction of the side friction resistance of the pile. Finally, using ABAQUS finite element analysis software, a numerical simulation analysis was carried out on the changes of the stratum structure, the analysis results show that the position change of the soft soil layer has a certain influence on the bearing capacity of the pile, but it does not change the settlement of the pile top under the limit state; The greater the strength of the supporting layer, the greater the bearing capacity and the greater the displacement when reaching the limit state; The length of the slipped pile does not affect the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and the farther the slipping occurs from the bearing layer, the smaller the impact on the bearing capacity of the pile foundation. Therefore, in the actual project, attention should be paid to the selection of the bearing layer and the soft soil layer close to the bearing layer should be removed to reduce the impact of the slipping pile on the bearing capacity of the pile foundation and ensure that the bearing capacity of the pile foundation meets the design requirements.
Challenges in Pursuing Nursing Education at the Graduate Level: Motivators, Barriers, and Persistence
Authors:   West Texas A&M University
Published: March 2021

As the United States [U.S.] nursing shortage continues, the need for a highly educated work force grows. Although, the Carnegie Report [1] advocated for a Bachelor of Science in Nursing [BSN] degree as entry into practice with a required Master of Science in Nursing [MSN] earned within 10 years, the necessity to pursue a graduate degree in nursing has not been as widely encouraged as the baccalaureate degree. Master’s prepared nurses are essential across a variety of health care settings to serve in leadership, management, and advanced primary provider positions, as well as in academic settings as faculty members and researchers. In 2017, approximately 17% of the nursing workforce held a master’s degree. This was up from 13.8% in 2013 [2]. While the percentage of nurses earning a master’s degree has risen gradually, the need for additional highly educated nurses persists as rapid advancements in health care technology, including telehealth and informatics, occur. During 2016 and 2017, the nursing program at the authors’ institution tasked the recruitment and retention committee with increasing enrollment in the graduate nursing program. The committees stated goal was increasing enrollment in all role specializations (nurse practitioner, education, and management). The committee identified two areas of particular concern: the need for family nurse practitioners in the nearby rural communities and a shortage of nursing faculty in the area as these areas had become challenging. Although the nursing program had been successful at retaining a majority of its students, recruitment of new students was challenging and thus became the key focus.
Uzaktan Eğitimin Uygulamalı Derslerde Sürdürülebilirliği: Mimarlık Bölümleri Örneği
Authors: ŞEKERCİ Yaren , MUTLU DANACI Hacer , KAYNAKCI ELİNÇ Zuhal
Published: March 2021

1990’lardan beri mimarlık eğitiminin uzaktan verilebilmesine dair çalışmalar yapılmıştır; ancak bu çalışmalar, eğitimin tasarım stüdyosu ve teorik kısmıyla kısıtlı kalmıştır. Uygulamalı derslerde, dünya genelindeki mimarlık eğitiminde yüz yüze eğitime devam etme eğilimi bulunmaktadır. Tasarım stüdyosu derslerindeki kritiklerde öğrenciler, son proje taslaklarını ders yürütücüsüne sunar, ders yürütücüsünün önerileriyle öğrencinin kritiği tamamlanır. Teknik derslerdeyse ders yürütücüleri çeşitli yöntemlerle anlatım yaparak öğrencilerin bu konuda bilgilenmesini sağlar ve öğrencilere çizim çalışmaları yaptırılarak konunun pekiştirilmesi amaçlanır. COVID-19 nedeniyle Mart 2020’de uzaktan eğitime geçilmesiyle birlikte, mimarlık eğitimi tüm derslerini çevrimiçi ortamlara taşımak durumunda kalmış ve uygulamalı dersler de toplantı uygulamaları aracılığıyla eş zamanlı gerçekleşmeye başlamıştır. Mimarlık bölümlerindeki uygulamalı derslerde uzaktan eğitim sisteminin, şartların normale dönmesiyle birlikte kısmen veya tamamen devam etmesi, mimarlık eğitiminde uzaktan eğitimin uygulamalı derslerdeki sürdürülebilirliği ile alakalıdır. Bu konu, mimarlık eğitiminin bundan sonraki sürecini yakından etkileyecektir. Mimarlık eğitiminde uzaktan eğitimin avantajları, dezavantajları, tehdit ve fırsatları, eksik veya geliştirilebilecek yönlerinin saptanması ve çeşitli altyapı yeterliliklerinin incelenmesi bu bağlamda önemli olmaktadır. Bu şartlar altında çalışmada, mimarlık öğrencileri ve ders yürütücüleriyle yarı yapılandırılmış anket çalışması yapılarak, Türkiye’deki üniversitelerdeki mimarlık eğitiminde uzaktan eğitimin uygulamalı derslerdeki sürdürülebilirliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır.