bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between psoas muscle mass index and bone mineral density in patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Ito Kiyonori , Ookawara Susumu , Sanayama Hidenori , Kakuda Hideo , Kanai Chieko , Iguchi Katsuo , Shindo Mitsutoshi , Tanno Keisuke , Ishibashi Shun , Kakei Masafumi , Tabei Kaoru , Morishita Yoshiyuki
Published: January 2025

Patients undergoing dialysis are at risk of osteoporosis and sarcopenia because of mineral and bone disorders or malnutrition. Additionally, maintaining muscle mass is important to prevent osteoporosis. The psoas muscle mass index (PMI) was recently used to evaluate muscle mass. However, few studies have evaluated the association between the PMI and bone mineral density (BMD); therefore, we examined the association between PMI and BMD in the femoral neck (FN) of 80 patients (45 males, age, 71 (60–76) years; dialysis duration, 74 (36–140) months) undergoing hemodialysis. FN-BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and PMI was evaluated using psoas muscle areas on computed tomography. FN-BMD and PMI were significantly higher in males than in females. In a correlation analysis, sex, BMI, serum creatinine levels, HbA1c levels, and PMI were positively correlated with FN-BMD, whereas age, history of bone fracture, difficulty in walking and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase level were negatively correlated. In the multivariate regression analysis using clinical factors significantly correlated to FN-BMD, including PMI, both sex (standardized coefficient: 0.249, p = 0.028) and PMI (standardized coefficient: 0.249, p = 0.038) were extracted. Multivariable linear regression analysis using PMI and traditional osteoporosis factors revealed that PMI was significantly and independently associated with FN-BMD (standardized coefficient: 0.308, p = 0.010). In conclusion, PMI was positively associated with FN-BMD. Attention should be paid to the possibility of decreased BMD with decreased muscle mass.
Enzymatic synthesis of reactive RNA probes containing squaramate-linked cytidine or adenosine for bioconjugations and cross-linking with lysine-containing peptides and proteins
Authors: Ivancová Ivana , Quirante Tania Sánchez , Ondruš Marek , Pohl Radek , Vlková Marta , Žilecká Eva , Bouřa Evžen , Hocek Michal
Published: January 2025

Protein-RNA interactions play important biological roles and hence reactive RNA probes for cross-linking with proteins are important tools in their identification and study. To this end, we designed and synthesized 5′-O-triphosphates bearing a reactive squaramate group attached to position 5 of cytidine or position 7 of 7-deazaadenosine and used them as substrates for polymerase synthesis of modified RNA. In vitro transcription with T7 RNA polymerase or primer extension using TGK polymerase was used for synthesis of squaramate-modified RNA probes which underwent covalent bioconjugations with amine-linked fluorophore and lysine-containing peptides and proteins including several viral RNA polymerases or HIV reverse transcriptase. Inhibition of RNA-depending RNA polymerases from Japanese Encephalitis virus was observed through formation of covalent cross-link which was partially identified by MS/MS analysis. Thus, the squaramate-linked NTP analogs are useful building blocks for the synthesis of reactive RNA probes for bioconjugations with primary amines and cross-linking with lysine residues.
Circulating tumor cell plasticity determines breast cancer therapy resistance via neuregulin 1–HER3 signaling
Authors: Würth Roberto , Donato Elisa , Michel Laura L. , Saini Massimo , Becker Lisa , Cheytan Tasneem , Doncevic Daria , Messmer Tobias , Gutjahr Ewgenija , Weber Rebecca , Klein Corinna , Alborzinia Hamed , Yildiz Umut , Vogel Vanessa , Hlevnjak Mario , Kozyulina Polina , Neuberth Sarah-Jane , Schwerd-Kleine Paul , Jakab Sevinç , Pfarr Nicole , Angeles Arlou Kristina , Laut Astrid K. , Karpova Darja , Falcone Mattia , Hardt Olaf , Theek Benjamin , Wagner Celina V. , Becker Mirjam , Wagner Sabine , Haselmayr Martina , Schmitt Anita , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Riethdorf Sabine , Pantel Klaus , Zapatka Marc , Sültmann Holger , Herrmann Carl , Thewes Verena , Lichter Peter , Schneeweiss Andreas , Sprick Martin R. , Trumpp Andreas
Published: January 2025

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) drive metastasis, the leading cause of death in individuals with breast cancer. Due to their low abundance in the circulation, robust CTC expansion protocols are urgently needed to effectively study disease progression and therapy responses. Here we present the establishment of long-term CTC-derived organoids from female individuals with metastatic breast cancer. Multiomics analysis of CTC-derived organoids along with preclinical modeling with xenografts identified neuregulin 1 (NRG1)–ERBB2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (ERBB3/HER3) signaling as a key pathway required for CTC survival, growth and dissemination. Genome-wide CRISPR activation screens revealed that fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) signaling serves a compensatory function to the NRG1–HER3 axis and rescues NRG1 deficiency in CTCs. Conversely, NRG1–HER3 activation induced resistance to FGFR1 inhibition, whereas combinatorial blockade impaired CTC growth. The dynamic interplay between NRG1–HER3 and FGFR1 signaling reveals the molecular basis of cancer cell plasticity and clinically relevant strategies to target it. Our CTC organoid platform enables the identification and validation of patient-specific vulnerabilities and represents an innovative tool for precision medicine.
Projected changes in African easterly wave activity due to climate change
Authors: Akinsanola Akintomide A. , Adebiyi Adeyemi A. , Bobde Vishal , Adeyeri Oluwafemi E. , Tamoffo Alain T. , Danso Derrick K.
Published: January 2025

African easterly waves significantly influence regional hydroclimate, making it crucial to understand how global warming will impact their activity. Here, we investigate future changes in wave activity and assess the underlying mechanisms using an ensemble of Earth system models. We find a robust increase in wave activity over the Sahel–Sahara region by the end of the 21st century under two emission scenarios. This intensification is linked to increased baroclinicity associated with a strengthening of the meridional temperature gradient between the Guinea Coast and the Sahara. Our results also indicate that low-level warming enhances the waves by reinforcing monsoon flow, leading to increased convergence and vertical motion along the intertropical discontinuity. These energetic alterations significantly modify the conditions that currently produce these waves. Overall, our findings suggest that changes in wave activity could impact the transport of Saharan dust and mesoscale convective activity over the Sahel.
Cardiac conduction system regeneration prevents arrhythmias after myocardial infarction
Authors: Sayers Judy R. , Martinez-Navarro Hector , Sun Xin , de Villiers Carla , Sigal Sarah , Weinberger Michael , Rodriguez Claudio Cortes , Riebel Leto Luana , Berg Lucas Arantes , Camps Julia , Herring Neil , Rodriguez Blanca , Sauka-Spengler Tatjana , Riley Paul R.
Published: January 2025

Arrhythmias are a hallmark of myocardial infarction (MI) and increase patient mortality. How insult to the cardiac conduction system causes arrhythmias following MI is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate conduction system restoration during neonatal mouse heart regeneration versus pathological remodeling at non-regenerative stages. Tissue-cleared whole-organ imaging identified disorganized bundling of conduction fibers after MI and global His–Purkinje disruption. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed specific molecular changes to regenerate the conduction network versus aberrant electrical alterations during fibrotic repair. This manifested functionally as a transition from normal rhythm to pathological conduction delay beyond the regenerative window. Modeling in the infarcted human heart implicated the non-regenerative phenotype as causative for heart block, as observed in patients. These findings elucidate the mechanisms underpinning conduction system regeneration and reveal how MI-induced damage elicits clinical arrhythmogenesis.
MTCH2 controls energy demand and expenditure to fuel anabolism during adipogenesis
Authors: Chourasia Sabita , Petucci Christopher , Shoffler Clarissa , Abbasian Dina , Wang Hu , Han Xianlin , Sivan Ehud , Brandis Alexander , Mehlman Tevie , Malitsky Sergey , Itkin Maxim , Sharp Ayala , Rotkopf Ron , Dassa Bareket , Regev Limor , Zaltsman Yehudit , Gross Atan
Published: January 2025

Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 (MTCH2) is a regulator of apoptosis, mitochondrial dynamics, and metabolism. Loss of MTCH2 results in mitochondrial fragmentation, an increase in whole-body energy utilization, and protection against diet-induced obesity. In this study, we used temporal metabolomics on HeLa cells to show that MTCH2 deletion results in a high ATP demand, an oxidized cellular environment, and elevated utilization of lipids, amino acids, and carbohydrates, accompanied by a decrease in several metabolites. Lipidomics analysis revealed a strategic adaptive reduction in membrane lipids and an increase in storage lipids in MTCH2 knockout cells. Importantly, MTCH2 knockout cells showed an increase in mitochondrial oxidative function, which may explain the higher energy demand. Interestingly, this imbalance in energy metabolism and reductive potential triggered by MTCH2-deletion prevents NIH3T3L1 preadipocytes from differentiating into mature adipocytes, an energy consuming reductive biosynthetic process. In summary, the loss of MTCH2 leads to increased mitochondrial oxidative activity and energy demand, creating a catabolic and oxidative environment that fails to fuel the anabolic processes required for lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation.
HDAC6 deacetylates TRIM56 to negatively regulate cGAS-STING-mediated type I interferon responses
Authors: Zeng Qiongzhen , Chen Zixin , Li Shan , Huang Ziwei , Ren Zhe , Ye Cuifang , Wang Xiao , Zhou Jun , Liu Kaisheng , Zheng Kai , Wang Yifei
Published: January 2025

Histone deacetylase HDAC6 has been implicated in regulating antiviral innate immunity. However, its precise function in response to DNA virus infection remains elusive. Herein, we find that HDAC6 deficiency promotes the activation of cGAS-STING signaling and type I interferon (IFN) production, both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in a decrease in HSV-1 infection. Mechanistically, HDAC6 deacetylates tripartite motif protein 56 (TRIM56) at K110 in mice, thereby impairing the monoubiquitination cGAS and its DNA binding ability. Overexpression of TRIM56 K110Q protects mice against HSV-1 infection. Notably, different amino acids at position 110 of TRIM56 in human and mouse cause species-specific IFN responses. Further, we show that during early stages of HSV-1 infection, the viral protein US3 phosphorylates HDAC6 to inhibit the cGAS-mediated antiviral response. Our results suggest that HDAC6 inhibits cGAS activation through TRIM56 deacetylation in a species-specific manner.
Metabolic mutations reduce antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli by pathway-specific bottlenecks
Authors: Lubrano Paul , Smollich Fabian , Schramm Thorben , Lorenz Elisabeth , Alvarado Alejandra , Eigenmann Seraina Carmen , Stadelmann Amelie , Thavapalan Sevvalli , Waffenschmidt Nils , Glatter Timo , Hoffmann Nadine , Müller Jennifer , Peter Silke , Drescher Knut , Link Hannes
Published: January 2025

Metabolic variation across pathogenic bacterial strains can impact their susceptibility to antibiotics and promote the evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, little is known about how metabolic mutations influence metabolism and which pathways contribute to antibiotic susceptibility. Here, we measured the antibiotic susceptibility of 15,120 Escherichia coli mutants, each with a single amino acid change in one of 346 essential proteins. Across all mutants, we observed modest increases of the minimal inhibitory concentration (twofold to tenfold) without any cases of major resistance. Most mutants that showed reduced susceptibility to either of the two tested antibiotics carried mutations in metabolic genes. The effect of metabolic mutations on antibiotic susceptibility was antibiotic- and pathway-specific: mutations that reduced susceptibility against the β-lactam antibiotic carbenicillin converged on purine nucleotide biosynthesis, those against the aminoglycoside gentamicin converged on the respiratory chain. In addition, metabolic mutations conferred tolerance to carbenicillin by reducing growth rates. These results, along with evidence that metabolic bottlenecks are common among clinical E. coli isolates, highlight the contribution of metabolic mutations for AMR.
PlexinD1 is a driver and a therapeutic target in advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Wei Jing , Wang Jing , Guan Wen , Li Jingjing , Pu Tianjie , Corey Eva , Lin Tzu-Ping , Gao Allen C , Wu Boyang Jason
Published: January 2025

Aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) variants associated with androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) resistance and metastasis remain poorly understood. Here, we identify the axon guidance semaphorin receptor PlexinD1 as a crucial driver of cancer aggressiveness in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). High PlexinD1 expression in human PCa is correlated with adverse clinical outcomes. PlexinD1 critically maintains CRPC aggressive behaviors in vitro and in vivo, and confers stemness and cellular plasticity to promote multilineage differentiation including a neuroendocrine-like phenotype for ARSI resistance. Mechanistically, PlexinD1 is upregulated upon relief of AR-mediated transcriptional repression of PlexinD1 under ARSI treatment, and subsdquently transactivates ErbB3 and cMet via direct interaction, which triggers the ERK/AKT pathways to induce noncanonical Gli1-dictated Hedgehog signaling, facilitating the growth and plasticity of PCa cells. Blockade of PlexinD1 by the protein inhibitor D1SP restricted CRPC growth in multiple preclinical models. Collectively, these findings characterize PlexinD1’s contribution to PCa progression and offer a potential PlexinD1-targeted therapy for advanced PCa.
Self-service aptamer-free molecularly imprinted paper-based sensor for high-sensitivity visual detection of influenza H5N1
Authors: Gong Hang , Xu Luru , Li Yong , Pang Tao , Chen Chunyan , Chen Feng , Cai Changqun
Published: January 2025

An aptamer-free paper-based MIPs sensor for the detection of H5N1 with the naked eyes without any equipment were developed. And the visual detection was achieved within 20 min.
Using near-infrared hyperspectral imaging combined with machine learning to predict the components and the origin of Radix Paeoniae Rubra
Authors: Liu Xinlong , Wu Zhouyou , Zhao Qian , Yu Yang , Li Zhen
Published: January 2025

NIR-HIS combined with machine learning was used to predict the origin and composition of RPR. SNV-RR and SNV-SVM achieved high accuracy in predictions and identifications.
Microwave assisted synthesis of Ti3C2-MXene for supercapacitor application
Authors: Lokhande Prasad Eknath , Rednam Udayabhaskar , Kadam Vishal , Jagtap Chaitali , Kumar Deepak , Aepuru Radhamanohar
Published: January 2025

Schematic representation of Ti3C2Tx MXene synthesized via ultrafast microwave assisted method.
Multi-fold fermionic and bosonic states in topologically non-trivial Ti3Pd
Authors: Das Prithwiraj , C. V. Anusree , Pradhan Sonali S. , Kanchana V.
Published: January 2025

The topological properties of the A15-type compound Ti3Pd reveal a complex landscape of multi-fold fermionic and bosonic states, as uncovered through ab initio calculations within the framework of density functional theory (DFT).
C2O42−-templated [Ln2Ni] heterometallic compounds for enhanced magnetocaloric effects at low fields
Authors: Wang Qin , Xu Lingxi , Wang Jilei , Yu Yating , Bai Xu , Jiang Chutian , Chen Qiaoling , Xu Yan
Published: January 2025

Three new Ln2Ni (Ln = Gd, Sm, Tb) heterometallic compounds templated by C2O42− anions were synthesized. The magnetic investigation showed that Gd2Ni displays an excellent low-field MCE (−ΔSm = 25.1 J kg−1 K−1 for 2.0 T at 2.0 K).
Structure-directing effect of terephthalate in bridging Zn(ii)- and Cd(ii)-based coordination polymers towards application in the detection of trace quantities of Pd2+ in aqueous media and their electrical conductivities
Authors: Saha Koushik , Dutta Basudeb , Das Pubali , Chandra Angeera , Samanta Arnab , Jana Sudeep Ranjan , Naskar Sudip , Saha Rajat , Ray Partha Pratim , Sinha Chittaranjan
Published: January 2025

Energy crisis and environmental pollution are two central themes of contemporary research towards achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs).
3Pb8O7I2·2CsI: the salt-inclusion strategy enriches the structural chemistry in lead oxyhalides
Authors: Maimaiti Mayinuer , Yan Yuchen , Wu Jinche , Han Tingwen , Xie Jing , Zhang Min
Published: January 2025

A mid-infrared functional crystal, Cs2Pb24O21I8(3Pb8O7I2·2CsI), with aligned rod-like [Pb8O7]2+ chains and enhanced symmetry was rationally designed and synthesized by introducing the salt-inclusion compound CsI into heavy metal oxyhalides.
Effects of unmodified and amine-functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics on nitrogen removal by Pseudomonas stutzeri: strain characteristics, extracellular polymers, and transcriptomics
Authors: Yang Rui , Qu Jianwei , Li Hanxiang , Meng Weile , Xu Xiaowei , Guo Jinsong , Fang Fang
Published: January 2025

Schematic representation showing the mechanism underlying the differences in nitrogen removal performance of P. stutzeri caused by PS NPs and PS-NH2 NPs.
Upcycling plant waste: iron nanoparticles synthesized from Cannabis sativa enhance biomass and antioxidative properties in soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Pavlicevic Milica , Vaidya Shital , Arsenault Terri , Bharadwaj Anuja , Musante Craig , Yu Yingxue , Shabtai Itamar , Liquori Joseph , Hernandez-Viezcas Jose A. , Oyanedel-Craver Vinka , Gardea-Torresdey Jorge L. , Dimkpa Christian O. , White Jason C. , Zuverza-Mena Nubia
Published: January 2025

Iron nanoparticles synthesized from hemp waste elevate the content of chlorophylls, antioxidants and polyphenols and improve the biomass of soybean.
Selective removal of Ca2+ from brackish water by electrodialysis desalination: process optimization and application
Authors: Chen Li , Feng Ling , Zhang Renliang , Liu Pengyu , Tian Binghui
Published: January 2025

Based on the analysis of ion migration by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, a guided electrodialysis integrated device was designed to desalinate brackish water and improve drinking water safety.
Bisphosphonium-catalyzed ring-opening of cycloalkenes under visible-light irradiation
Authors: Zhang Kaining , Wang Jiazhao , Chen Wenlong , Li Mingfeng , Jin Shengfei , Zuo Zhiwei
Published: January 2025

The selective cleavage of CC double bonds to form carbonyl groups is a fundamental maneuver in retrosynthetic analysis, empowering swift alterations to molecular structures and efficient synthesis of sophisticated, multifunctional molecules.
A fully integrated microfluidic cartridge for rapid and ultrasensitive nucleic acid detection from oropharyngeal swabs
Authors: Li Bao , Lin Baobao , Zeng Wu , Gu Yin , Zhao Yulan , Liu Peng
Published: January 2025

A fully integrated microfluidic system with a remarkable sensitivity of 0.02 copies per μL and a short turnaround time of less than 30 minutes for nucleic acid detection from oropharyngeal swabs.
Gum arabic-CNT reinforced hydrogels: dual-function materials for strain sensing and energy storage in next-generation supercapacitors
Authors: UrRehman Tanzil , Khan Sher Ali , Shah Luqman Ali , Fu Jun
Published: January 2025

Recent advancements in the field of conductive hydrogels have made these promising candidates for the development of human motion sensors, for energy storage in soft and flexible electronic devices, owing to their excellent mechanical properties.
Understanding mechanical failure behaviours and protocol optimization for fast charging applications in Co-free Ni-based cathodes for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Kwon Jaesub , Kim Jaehyun , Lim Jong-Heon , Lee Kyoung Eun , Kang Seok-Mun , Kong Youngsun , Kim Dong-Hyun , Kim Kyu-Su , Choe Gogwon , Jung Sang-Mun , Ahn Docheon , Heo Yoon-Uk , Moon Janghyuk , Park Kyu-Young , Kim Yong-Tae
Published: January 2025

Suppressing failure modes and optimizing protocols enable enhanced cyclability and fast chargeability in Co-free, high-Ni layered oxide cathodes.
Impact of coordinated nitrogen atoms on the electrocatalytic water oxidation properties of copper complexes with pentadentate ligands
Authors: Qi Zhichao , Hu Jinlin , Ruan Zhijun , Chen Yanmei , Qu Yanbo , Liang Xiangming , Lin Junqi
Published: January 2025

The Cu complex with pentaamine ligand shows lower overpotential and higher catalytic activity for electrochemical water oxidation than Cu complex with pyridine–amine ligand, suggesting that aliphatic amine ligand benefits the catalytic activity.
Surface-reconstructed FeOOH@CoFeOS/NF architectures: leveraging nano-layered stacking for accelerated oxygen evolution kinetics
Authors: Wang Xuelei , Li Xiang , Li Baohua , Wang Wenchun , Bai Shizhen , Zai Shifeng , Ni Zhenhai , Meng Chao
Published: January 2025

The two-step surface reconstruction method was used to prepare FeOOH@CoFeOS/NF, which exhibits a low overpotential of 212 mV at 10 mA cm−2.
Fabrication of three-dimensional porous copper phthalocyanine films and their applications for NO2 gas sensors
Authors: Wang Lu , Cui Ziyang , Zhang Yiqun , Wang Li Juan
Published: January 2025

Improvement of sensing properties of spin-coated copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) sensors based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) ordered nanofiber (ONF) scaffolds.
Photocatalytic removal of U(vi) from wastewater using g-C3N4@C-PAN nanofiber membranes
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Chen Lijie , Zhang Weilin , Han Shuai , Dai Zhongran
Published: January 2025

A novel g-C3N4@C-PAN nanofiber film was prepared for efficient photocatalytic U(vi) removal under LED illumination.
Recent advances in nanoporous organic polymers (NPOPs) for hydrogen storage applications
Authors: Jabin Shagufta , Abbas Sadiqa , Gupta Priti , Jadoun Sapana , Rajput Anupama , Rajput Prachika
Published: January 2025

Nanoporous organic polymers (NPOPs) as versatile materials with robust thermal stability, large surface area, and customizable porosity, making them ideal candidates for advanced hydrogen (H2) storage applications.
Simultaneous utilization of CO2 and potassium-rich biomass for the environmentally friendly production of potassium formate
Authors: Yoon Hayoung , Park Kwangho , Jung Kwang-Deog , Yoon Sungho
Published: January 2025

K(HCO2) and SiO2 were co-produced using an environmentally friendly method that simultaneously utilized formate derivatives generated through CO2 hydrogenation and bamboo ash, a K-rich biomass.
3D-printed silicon nitride ceramic implants for clinical applications: the state of the art and prospects
Authors: Zhang Peng , He Rujie
Published: January 2025

Si3N4 ceramic has received great attention because of its sound biological performances, which make it an attractive ceramic implant material in healthcare, particularly in orthopedic surgery.
Amorphous-like thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric figure of merit in “π” SnS and SnSe
Authors: Zhang Min , Pallikara Ioanna , Flitcroft Joseph M. , Skelton Jonathan M.
Published: January 2025

Using state-of-the-art ab initio modelling, we predict the structurally-complex “π” phases of SnS and SnSe to show glass-like thermal conductivity and a low-temperature figure of merit ZT > 1 if they can be stabilised with heavy n-type doping.
The rise of two-dimensional covalent C3N5: a molecular perspective
Authors: Xiao Xuemei , Ye Xiaoman , Wu Zhijing , Tan Yu , Wu Xin , Liu Sheng
Published: January 2025

This work reviews the cutting-edge research progress of C3N5 from a molecular perspective, including six precursors and five chemical structures of C3N5, as well as its heteroatom doping, compositing, and applications.
Kirkendall effect-assisted synthesis of hollow MoS2 nanospheres with interlayer expansion for improved magnesium diffusion kinetics and durability
Authors: Cai Ruqi , Qin Han , Yu Xianbo , Yan Feng , Wang Xiangming , Zhao Yang , Wang Baoning , Zhang Xitian
Published: January 2025

Based on the Kirkendall effect, hollow MoS2 nanospheres with a 1T phase and expanded layer structure are prepared, which can reduce the ion diffusion barrier and alleviate volume changes, leading to superior Mg-diffusion kinetics and durability.
Sulfur-based hybrid multilayers on Li metal anodes with excellent air stability for ultralong-life and high-performance batteries
Authors: Kim Chaerim , Mun Seohyun , Park Jaeyoung , Chang Jinho , Cho Boram , Knemeyer Kristian , Giraldo Andrea , Cho Kyeongjae , Sung Myung Mo
Published: January 2025

The Al-DMP hybrid multilayers improve electrolyte wettability and lithiophilicity, resulting in superior cycling performance. The integration of a superlattice structure significantly enhances air stability, maintaining stability for 60 hours.
Carbon-to-nitrogen atom transmutations in a covalent organic framework transform the visible light-triggered selective oxidation of sulfides
Authors: Li Zheng , Zhang Fulin , Zhao Hongxiang , Wang Yuexin , Zhu Shengquan , Lang Xianjun
Published: January 2025

TpBmd-COF outperforms TpBD-COF significantly for blue light-triggered selective oxidation of thioanisole with dioxygen due to four carbon-to-nitrogen atom transmutations.
Quantification and modelling of methane and carbon dioxide surface emissions from a South African landfill
Authors: Njoku P. O. , Piketh S. , Makungo R. , Edokpayi J. N.
Published: January 2025

Landfill gas (LFG) emissions, primarily CH4 and CO2, result from decomposing organic waste in landfills.
Blockchain in the banking industry: Unravelling thematic drivers and proposing a technological framework through systematic review with bibliographic network mapping
Authors: Rahman S. M. Masudur , Saif Abu Naser Mohammad , Kabir Sadman , Bari Md. Fakhrudoza , Alom Md. Mahabub , Rayhan Md. Johir , Zan Fangfang , Chu Mingyue , Talukder Ashis
Published: January 2025

In the new era of adopting and managing new and robust technologies in banking, the use of blockchain technology has significantly transformed overall banking systems. To add new insights to the body of existing knowledge, the authors conducted a systematic review with bibliographic network mapping to identify and analyse the factors contributing to adopting blockchain in the banking industry. Following the latest protocols of the PRISMA flowchart, this study acknowledged 16 relevant publications from 2590 papers in the databases, namely Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore. The bibliographic data were grouped and analysed using VOSviewer to create network visualization maps that included citation and co‐citation, bibliographic coupling, co‐authorship, and co‐occurrence of terms. Subsequently, significant terms were identified through the analyses and compared with those found in the 16 relevant papers. The aggregate findings suggest that multiple influencing factors have been recognized and later categorized into three thematic drivers: transparency‐driven security, collaborative interoperability, and organizational infrastructure. The current research provides valuable insights for policymakers, technologists, researchers, consultants, and practitioners of information systems by proposing a technological framework, which will aid in developing tailored strategies to facilitate the sustainable practice of blockchain in the banking industry to a wider extent.
K$K$‐user cyclic shift‐aided serial concatenated code for Gaussian multiple access channel
Authors: He Meilin , Zhu Mingjue , Zhang Zhaoyang , Guo Rui , Wang Haiquan
Published: January 2025

A ‐user cyclic shift‐aided serial concatenated code (SCC) is proposed over a Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC). In this code, a cyclic shift‐aided SCC, which integrates a regular repeat‐accumulate code with rate‐ and cyclic shift spreading (CSS), is employed for each user. Here, CSS consists of a length‐ bit spreading, a same chip‐level interleaver and a user‐specific cyclic shifter. This change avoids repeated complex interleaver generation operation and the main objective is to replace the random interleaver. At the receiver, iterative decoding is considered. For the design and optimization of the proposed code, a fixed point analysis (FPA) is developed to obtain the optimal and that achieves the maximum sum rate. Then, an analytic expression of collision probability is derived as a function of and . Finally, the advantage is analysed by comparing the generation time of interleaver. Moreover, FPA provides lower computation complexity in optimizing system parameters than the traditional EXIT chart method. Numerical results show that the design and optimization of the proposed code is more accurate, and support distinguishing between the users. The proposed code not only outperforms the traditional IDMA scheme in the bit error rate performance, but also provides much lower generation time of interleaver, especially for multiuser scenarios.
Scaling AI filmmaking with collaborative networking
Authors: Wang Haohong , Smith Daniel , Demir Ugur
Published: January 2025

In this work, MineStudio is introduced, a novel AI filmmaking framework designed to facilitate future creative collaborative networks. MineStudio uses a hybrid digitization approach that involves reconstructing 3D digital environments, capturing 2D live‐action performances, employing AI tools to generate synthetic images and videos, and compositing with AI assistance. This method effectively addresses the main challenges in the current AI video generation, including consistency, directability, and issues with human actions and interactions. MineStudio has been utilized to create pioneering AI films, such as the love story “Next Stop Paris” and the sci‐fi short film “Message in a Bot”, and has been recognized as a trailblazer in the AI filmmaking industry.
Optimization of a two‐color reuse scheme in multi‐beam high throughput satellite systems
Authors: Shao Weidong , Zhai Shenghua , Hui Tengfei , Zhang Xin‐Gang , Li Jiahong
Published: January 2025

In this letter, we propose a two‐color reuse scheme in the forward link of multi‐beam high throughput satellite systems, where dual‐polarization is utilized to provide an additional dimension to isolate severe inter‐beam interference. This scheme is optimized through formulating a nonconvex optimization problem with respect to precoding design to maximize system sum rate, taking into account the intense interference among beams using the same polarization. Then a path‐following algorithm is proposed for its solution. Afterwards, we further seek a low‐complexity precoding design and simplify the original precoding optimization problem into a power allocation one, whose problem is still non‐convex and a quadratic transform algorithm is proposed to achieve its near‐optimum. Extensive simulations verify that the proposed scheme exhibits improved sum rate, compared to that of the current single polarization full frequency reuse and four‐color frequency reuse ones.
Stability analysis of an observer‐based nonlinear model predictive controller for resonant grounded power distribution systems
Authors: Fernando Warnakulasuriya Sonal Prashenajith , Mahmud Md Apel , Islam Shama Naz
Published: January 2025

This article presents the stability analysis of a resonant grounded power distribution system (RGPDS) in which a nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) with a nonlinear extended state observer (NLESO) is used to achieve the desired fault current compensation through the residual current compensation (RCC) inverters. The detailed model of the system is developed to appropriately model nonlinearities so that these can be represented as an extended state and estimated using the ESO. The closed‐loop model of the system is developed in the discrete‐time to conduct the frequency‐domain analysis using two different methods, for example, the describing function (DF) method and Tsypkin criterion. The main target of these analyses is to gain useful insights on different control parameters and get an idea about their effects on the overall stability of the RGPDS with an REFCL. The relationship between the Nyquist plot and the trajectory of the key control parameter is used to determine the boundary up to which the control parameter can be adjusted to maintain the stability of the system. Finally, it is identified that the Tsypkin criterion allows more flexibilities compared to the DF method for selecting the control parameter.
Design and verification of a cascaded nanosecond rise time high‐voltage positive‐polarity square wave power supply topology
Authors: Yan Hao , Li Xuebao , Pan Yan , Jin Rui , Zhao Zhibin
Published: January 2025

High‐voltage SiC devices operate under repetitive positive polarity square wave voltages with rise times ranging from tens to hundreds of nanoseconds. Under these conditions, the partial discharge and withstand voltage characteristics differ significantly from those observed in traditional AC and DC tests. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conduct insulation assessments for devices under square wave conditions, which necessitates the development of a high‐voltage positive polarity square wave power supply with flexible nanosecond rise times suitable for SiC applications. This paper addresses the need to simulate the actual voltage conditions experienced by SiC devices and proposes a high‐voltage positive polarity square wave power supply topology using cascaded low‐voltage square wave generation units. The working principle is explained in detail, along with the main hardware design and parameter selection methods. Transient simulation models for both normal and single‐stage fault conditions were established, verifying the proposed topology's ability to flexibly adjust square wave output parameters such as frequency, rise time, and duty cycle, as well as its ability to continue operating in fault conditions even with single or multiple switch failures. Finally, a 5‐stage cascaded high‐voltage positive polarity square wave power supply prototype was developed, achieving flexible and independent control of all switching devices through a field‐programmable gate array. The prototype achieved performance parameters of 4 kV voltage level, repetition frequency of DC to 5 kHz, duty cycle of 0% to 100%, and voltage rise time of 80 to 300 ns, validating the overall feasibility and reliability of the proposed topology. The research findings in this paper provide new design ideas for the development of square wave power supplies and offer a power source for the insulation assessment of SiC devices.
A data association algorithm based on the minimal angular distance sum for angle‐only measurements with the sensor position unknown
Authors: Ma Feng , Lu Huanzhang , Shen Xinglin
Published: January 2025

Data association technology can determine the corresponding relationships between target data (measurements or tracks) on different platforms, laying the foundation for target allocation and collaborative strikes. For targets with smaller volumes and similar appearances, such as drone swarms and warhead swarms, angle measurement provides important information for the use of passive optical sensors to associate target data. The classic data association technology for angle‐only measurement relies on precise knowledge of the sensor position, hindering their application to drone swarms or other low‐cost mobile platforms. This paper proposes a data association algorithm based on the minimum angular distance sum, whose calculation process does not involve the sensor position information, making angle‐only measurement data association technology independent of the sensor position information. Both the simulation results and the experimental results validated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Advances in non‐intrusive type I load monitoring using R‐statistic steady‐state detection and subtractive clustering
Authors: Savastio Luigi Pio , Brescia Elia , De Tuglie Enrico Elio , Tipaldi Massimo , Cascella Giuseppe Leonardo , Surico Michele , Conte Giovanni , Polichetti Andrea
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel unsupervised method that uses advanced clustering techniques based on power and time features to identify Type 1 electrical load profiles within aggregated power measurements. The adoption of the R‐statistic algorithm for the detection of ON/OFF events enhances the algorithm's performance, enabling it to capture and accurately reconstruct both slow and fast dynamic loads. A double clustering approach also guarantees that signals exhibiting identical power levels but different durations are distinctly recognised, allowing for accurate identification of individual appliances within aggregated power data. This way, the combination of clustering techniques with R‐statistic improves the granularity of load profile analysis and overcomes traditional barriers in power consumption monitoring. Both simulation and experimental results are presented to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed method to existing approaches from the literature.
Use of suspensions of phytosterol microparticles to improve the solubility of methane in water
Authors: Gallard Jeanne , Wantz Eliot , Hébrard Gilles , Bouchoux Antoine , Mouloungui Zéphirin , Valentin Romain
Published: January 2025

Methane, an abundantly produced greenhouse gas, is a major driver of global climate change. The development of sustainable processes for methane capture is limited by the poor solubility of this organic compound in water, but this solubility can be increased by adding other compounds to the aqueous solution. Here, we studied the solubility of methane in aqueous dispersions containing lipid microparticles of phytosterols—a group of sterol compounds from plants—at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The solubility of the phytosterols in water was improved chemically, by functionalization with glycerol carbonate in solvent-free conditions, and physically, by antisolvent precipitation to form particles in water. We evaluated the influence of phytosterol microparticles on methane solubility in water by monitoring the apparent partition coefficient between the gas and liquid phases defined by Henry’s law. Phytosterol functionalization generated amphiphilic phytosterols with glycerol branches, which were characterized by FTIR and MALDI-TOF. These amphiphilic phytosterols formed particles of 2 and 12 μm in diameter on antisolvent precipitation. Systems containing phytosterol microparticles had a partition coefficient half that of the corresponding control. The gas-liquid equilibrium was, therefore, shifted to the liquid state, demonstrating that the solubility of methane in water was improved by phytosterol microparticles.
La lumière : champ électromagnétique ou pluie de photons ?
Authors: Fabre Claude
Published: January 2025

Au début du 20e siècle, la quasi-totalité des phénomènes lumineux s’explique en considérant la lumière comme une onde électromagnétique régie par les équations de Maxwell. Mais les physiciens sont impuissants à expliquer dans ce modèle ondulatoire un phénomène récemment découvert : l’effet photo-électrique. Einstein montre qu’il s’explique simplement si on considère la lumière comme formée de grains insécables. Le physicien américain Millikan, sceptique, décide de faire des expériences extrêmement précises pour départager les deux approches…
Le logiciel PyMoDAQ : acquisition, analyse et diffusion de données
Authors: Weber Sébastien J.
Published: January 2025

La donnée, depuis son acquisition dans le laboratoire jusqu’à sa publication en passant par son analyse, joue un rôle central dans la vie des scientifiques. Cet article explicite la notion de données expérimentales FAIR et présente PyMoDAQ un logiciel open-source collaboratif aidant le scientifique dans chacune de ces étapes.
Gastrointestinale Erscheinungsformen der systemischen Mastzellaktivierungserkrankung – Eine praxisorientierte Einführung in Klinik, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Raithel Martin , Homann Jürgen , Rieker Ralf J. , Molderings Gerhard J.
Published: January 2025

Bei der systemischen Mastzellaktivierungserkrankung (MCAD) handelt es sich um eine epigenetisch und genetisch bedingte Krankheitsentität mit sehr ausgeprägtem Krankheitsbild in vielfältigen klinischen Manifestationen in potenziell jedem Organ und Gewebe aufgrund unangemessener Freisetzung von Mastzellbotenstoffen zusammen mit der Anhäufung von sowohl morphologisch normalen und mutierten Mastzellen. Die Prävalenz der Erkrankung beträgt in Deutschland 17%, sodass Gastroenterologen und Endoskopiker im klinischen Alltag häufig unwissentlich mit einer MCAD konfrontiert werden. Darüber hinaus sind gastroenterologische Untersuchungen ein wesentlicher Bestandteil in der Diagnostik der MCAD. Daher ist es für jeden gastroenterologisch tätigen Arzt unabdingbar, über Grundkenntnisse dieser Erkrankung zu verfügen und insbesondere über deren Problematik auf dem gastroenterologischen Gebiet informiert zu sein. Diese Übersicht fasst den aktuellen Wissensstand zu Ursachen, Diagnostik und Therapie der hochkomplexen MCAD auf die gastroenterologischen Aspekte fokussiert zusammen.
Endoscopic hemostasis with a self-expandable metal stent as bridge therapy for hemobilia
Authors: Kim Junyeol , Choi Jin Ho , Lee Tae Seung , Lee Myeong Hwan , Cho In Rae , Paik Woo Hyun , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong-Tae , Lee Sang Hyub
Published: January 2025

Management of hemobilia is often challenging. Recently, endoscopic hemostasis with a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) has shown promising efficacy for controlling bleeding at the endoscopic sphincterotomy site. This study aimed to assess efficacy and feasibility of endoscopic hemostasis as bridge therapy for hemobilia.

Patients with hemobilia between 2008 and 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. We compared efficacy of hemostasis between the initial endoscopic hemostasis group (ENDO group) and the initial angiographic embolization group (EMBO group). The primary outcome was initial hemostasis success rate and the secondary outcomes were delayed bleeding rate, subsequent embolization rate, 28-day mortality, transfusion amount, time to first hemostasis, total hemobilia time, and incidence of hypovolemic shock.

A total of 26 patients with hemobilia were included in this study and 17 patients (65.4%) were identified as the ENDO group and nine patients (34.6%) were classified as the EMBO group. The success rate of initial hemostasis was 88.2% (15/17) in the ENDO group and 100% (9/9) in the EMBO group (P = 0.529). The rate of delayed bleeding in the ENDO group was 17.6% (3/17) and 0.0% (0/9) in the EMBO group (P = 0.529). Total hemobilia time was shorter in the ENDO group than in the EMBO group (mean: 281.5 ± 1022.4 minutes vs. 5002.8 ± 7982.6 minutes; P < 0.001) Stent insertion depth was associated with successful hemostasis without delayed bleeding. (P = 0.015).

Endoscopic hemostasis using SEMS for hemobilia appeared to be a feasible bridge therapy.
Nickel(II)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1,6-Dienes
Authors: Du Zhongjian , Ji Chenlei , Wang Xu , Zhang Sijian , Wang Zhenyu , You Yang'en
Published: January 2025

A nickel-catalyzed protocol for the cycloisomerization of 1,6-dienes has been developed. Using commercially available NiBr₂ and PPh₃ as catalysts, Zn as a reductant, and ZnI₂ as an additive, the methodology efficiently converts various 1,6-dienes into pyrrolidine derivatives in excellent yields and high selectivity.
Indocyanine Green Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Pediatric Hepatobiliary Procedures: A Feasibility Study for Improved Intraoperative Visualization
Authors: T.K Jayakumar , Rathod Kirtikumar Jagdish , Saxena Rahul , Pathak Manish , Jadhav Avinash S. , Nayak Shubhalaxmi , Varshney Vaibhav , Soni Subhash Chandra , Sinha Arvind
Published: January 2025

Introduction Indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is reported extensively in adult operations, but its safety and applications in pediatric populations remain to be comprehensively understood. The dose, administration protocols, and intraoperative imaging benefits in pediatric hepatobiliary operations are not clear.

Objectives This study aimed to identify the feasibility and applications of ICG FGS in hepatobiliary surgeries (for biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, and cholelithiasis) in children.

Methods This is a prospective observational study conducted from January 2021 to December 2022. A standard ICG dose of 0.5 mg/kg/dose was administered intravenously to children undergoing operations for biliary atresia (18–24 hours), choledochal cyst (12–18 hours), and cholelithiasis (2–6 hours) before the operation. Intraoperative imaging features and adverse events were recorded.

Results ICG FGS was performed in 17 patients. In biliary atresia (n = 9), liver fluorescence varied in each case, the gallbladder did not show fluorescence, and there was increasing fluorescence as we reached the right depth during the excision of fibrous biliary remnants. In choledochal cyst (n = 6) operations and cholecystectomy (n = 2), real-time imaging provided anatomical details of the biliary tree and helped in safe dissection. No ICG-related adverse events occurred.

Conclusion ICG FGS appears safe, feasible, and beneficial in pediatric hepatobiliary surgeries. For conditions like biliary atresia, choledochal cysts, and cholecystectomy, ICG facilitates safer surgical navigation and may reduce intraoperative complications. Future studies with standardized protocols and quantitative fluorescence assessment are needed to further refine its use and confirm its impact on surgical outcomes.
Influencing factors and mechanisms on self-governed rural public open space quality: a conceptual social-ecological system (SES) framework
Authors: Shi Xuerui , Ling Gabriel Hoh Teck
Published: January 2025

Self-governed public open spaces (POSs) face challenges related to collective action dilemmas, specifically the Hardinian tragedy of the commons and underinvestment. Despite extensive research on social-ecological systems (SES) addressing human-environment issues, there has been no quantitative empirical investigation into the determinants of governance in rural POSs. This study, operationalizing McGinnis and Ostrom’s SES framework and incorporating collective action theories, identifies institutional-social-ecological factors affecting the quality of self-governed POSs in rural China. Questionnaires were distributed to 594 households in 198 villages in Taigu via random sampling. The study employed PLS-SEM and mediation models to identify 15 key SES factors, including 4 institutional factors, 7 social factors, and 4 ecological factors. These variables impact the perceived quality of POSs either directly or through mediation by incentive activities, collective investment, and self-organizing activities. Based on the research findings, the study proposes five policy implications for the self-governance of rural POSs in China. The study not only contributes to the development of an SES-based POS governance framework, but it also offers policy insights into the significance of SES factors and ways to incentivize collective action for effective self-governance of rural public open spaces in China.