bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Noticias
Authors: Notícias Transfer
Published: January 2023

Congreso:“PortlandStateInternational Conference on Translation Studies, Cross-cultural Communication, and Chinese Pedagogy”, Portland State University, Portland, OregonOct. 24-25, 2008Deadline for abstracts: May 30, 2008. Send abstracts to Dr. Meiru Liu at lium@pdx.edu or Dr. Xuanmin Luo at luoxm@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn For more information see the conference website at http://ci.oia.pdx.edu or http://www.tsinghua-translation.org.cn  Congreso:"International Conference on Intercultural Studies" 9 December 2008, University of Oporto, Portugal.  Abstracts of papers in intercultural studies are invited to submit in Portuguese, English, French, German, or Spanish in 250 words and a bionote of 100 words by 15 June 2008 to . Curso:“International Literary Translation Summer School”, The British Centre for Literary Translation.Registration is now open. For more information and registration details, please visit the BCLT website: www.uea.ac.uk/bclt.  Revista:“TransLit” Volume 8, An Anthology of Literary Translation.The Literary Translation Collective of the Association of Translators and Interpreters of Alberta (ATIA) is producing the eighth volume of TransLit for publication in spring 2009, in co-operation with the Literary Translators’ Association of Canada (LTAC). TransLit Volume 8 is a special themed issue titled “Poetry and Short Stories of theAmericas”.Send your contribution by July 1st, 2008to Marc Charron and Luise von Flotow, editors of TransLit Volume 8 to the following address: Editors TransLit Volume 8 School of Translation and Interpretation University of Ottawa Arts Building, 4th Floor Ottawa, OntarioCANADAK1N 6N5 Curso:“CETRA 2008 Doctoral Summer Research Programme”, 18-29 August 2008, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.   For the provisional programme and for the application procedure and other administrative information, please visit our website: http://www.kuleuven.be/cetra/Summer_School/summerschool.html http://www.kuleuven.be/cetra/programme/programme.html http://www.kuleuven.be/cetra/Summer_School/applicationprocedure.html For additional information: - please contact Reine Meylaerts, CETRA director (reine.meylaerts@arts.kuleuven.be) and/or Steven Dewallens (steven.dewallens@hubrussel.be) Curso:“2008 NidaSchoolfor Translation Studies”, Sept 8-20, 2008, Misano Adriatico (Rimini), Italy, www.istitutosanpellegrino.com/ssmlFor additional information, please contact Dulce Alvarado (DAlvarado@americanbible.org;
PRESENCIAS TRADUCIDAS
Authors: BERWANGER DA SILVA Maria Luiza
Published: January 2023

This essay is intended to highlight the presence of features of the Brazilian artistic and cultural thought, setting them with mediating images of reinvention and invention of the national production. To this end, it considers the interdisciplinary work of contemporary poet Ferreira Gullar as an exemplary image; mainly because this intellectual perceived the feasible freedom of word expression in the French culture and, in keeping the residual memory of foreign passages, it allows the poet to found new spaces and temporalities though.
Marguerite Duras: Alguns problemas de tradução
Authors: Vianna Kuntz Maria Cristina
Published: January 2023

Marguerite Duras presenta una obra aparentemente sencilla: vocabulario común, muchas veces coloquial, abundancia de diálo-gos y frases cortas. Pero la facilidad de la sintaxis y el “parentesco de la lengua” encubren un lenguaje que comprende todo el intrin-cado mundo interior de la autora. Se ve que la mayor parte de las traducciones al Portugués ponen la obra de Duras “al servicio del lector” siguiendo una vía de “literalidad” que no llega a contem-plar el “lenguaje elevado” en el que se pueda oír “El eco del original resucitado”, como propone Benjamin (BENJAMIN 2008: 25-49). En este artículo mostraremos algunos de los problemas que presentan las traducciones al Portugués en Moderato Cantabile (1959), O deslumbramento (Le Ravissement de Lol V. Stein, 1964) y O Vice-cônsul (1966). Veremos que resulta necesario para el traductor, no solamente el conocimiento de los idiomas de salida y de llegada, sino también contar con un profundo conocimiento del autor y de la naturaleza de la obra (cf. Benjamin), una vez que “la traducción de la poesía (o de la prosa que le equivaldría) es más que nada una vivencia interior del mundo y de la técnica de lo traducido” (DE CAMPOS 2001: 43, apud GERONIMO 2017).
Alignment with a combination of deflectometry and the sine condition test
Authors: Yoo Hyemin , Dubin Matthew
Published: January 2023

We propose a new alignment method that is based on relative
measurements with an on-axis test setup composed of a pixelated camera
and a monitor. By combining deflectometry and the sine condition test,
the new method eliminates the necessity of moving a test instrument to
multiple field points but still estimates the state of alignment by
measuring both the off-axis and on-axis performances of the system.
Additionally, it can be a very cost-effective option for certain
projects as a monitor, and a camera may be substituted for the return
optic and the interferometer required in a conventional
interferometric method. We explain the concept of the new alignment
method using a meter-class Ritchey–Chrétien telescope. Additionally,
we present a new metric, the Metric for Misalignment Indicators (MMI),
which represents the transmitted wavefront error caused by
misalignment in the system. Then we demonstrate the validity of the
concept using simulations where a poorly aligned telescope is the
starting point to show that this method has a larger dynamic range
compared to the interferometric method. Even considering realistic
levels of noise, the new alignment method works successfully, as there
is an improvement of two orders of magnitude in the
final MMI after three iterations of alignment. The MMI of perturbed
telescope models is about 10 µm but, after alignment,
the MMI converges to one-tenth of a micrometer.
Vortex X-wave propagation through von Kármán oceanic turbulence with anisotropy
Authors: Wang Shuailing , Yu Zhou , Yang Donghui , Hu Zheng-Da , Zhang Yixin , Zhu Yun
Published: January 2023

Vortex X-waves with coupling effects of orbital angular momentum (OAM) and
spatiotemporal invariance are introduced into the research of
underwater wireless optical communication systems (UWOCSs). We
establish the OAM probability density of vortex X-waves and channel
capacity of UWOCS using Rytov approximation and correlation function.
Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of OAM detection probability and
channel capacity is performed on vortex X-waves carrying OAM in von
Kármán oceanic turbulence with anisotropy. The results
show that an increase in OAM quantum number results in a
“hollow X” shape in the received plane, where the energy
of vortex X-waves is injected into the lobes, reducing the received
probability of the vortex X-waves transmitted to the receiving end. As
the Bessel cone angle increases, the energy gradually concentrates
toward the energy distribution center, and the vortex X-waves become
more localized. Our research may trigger the development of UWOCS for
bulk data transfer based on OAM encoding.
Complete Mueller matrix from a partial polarimetry experiment: the nine-element case: erratum
Authors: Ossikovski Razvigor , Arteaga Oriol
Published: January 2023

The present erratum is intended to correct some typos as well as to
complement Appendices B and C in our paper [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A
36, 403 (2019)JOAOD60740-323210.1364/JOSAA.36.000403].
Design of a fast speckle wavemeter with optical processing
Authors: Mendicino Lucas R. , Schmiegelow Christian T.
Published: January 2023

We present a design concept for a speckle-based wavemeter that combines high spectral resolution and fast response times. Our device uses a fixed disperse medium with small coherence length as an optical pre-processor and a series of programmable optical elements as a post-processor. The pre-processor generates a complex speckle pattern with a given correlation length, and then the post-processor transforms the optical field to a simple binary pattern with intensity proportional to the wavelength deviation from a reference value. We show how to construct a device that can be trained to produce an electrical signal on a balanced detector proportional to the wavelength. Also, we demonstrate that the device can operate from sub-picometer up to nanometer resolution using a pre-processor with correlation length in the picometer range. More generally, our results show how the use of a programmable optical post-processor with low spectral resolution can be enhanced by a fixed pre-processor with a higher one.
Photonic time-crystals - fundamental concepts [Invited]
Authors: Lustig Eran , Segal Ohad , Saha Soham , Fruhling Colton , Shalaev Vladimir M. , Boltasseva Alexandra , Segev Mordechai
Published: January 2023

Photonic Time-Crystals (PTCs) are materials in which the refractive index varies periodically and abruptly in time. This medium exhibits unusual properties such as momentum bands separated by gaps within which waves can be amplified exponentially, extracting energy from the modulation. This article provides a brief review on the concepts underlying PTCs, formulates the vision and discusses the challenges.
Extreme enhancement of optical force via the acoustic graphene plasmon mode
Authors: Ma Rui , Zhang Lian-gang , Zeng Yi , Liu Gui-dong , Wang Ling-ling , Lin Qi
Published: January 2023

We have investigated the effect of enhanced optical force via the acoustic graphene plasmon (AGP) cavities with the ultra-small mode volumes. The AGP mode can generate stronger field confinement and higher momentum, which could provide giant optical force, and has no polarization preference for the optical source. We have demonstrated that the trapping potential and force applied on polystyrene nanoparticle in the AGP cavities are as high as -13.6 × 102 kBT/mW and 2.5 nN/mW, respectively. The effect of radius of rounded corners and gap distance of AGP cavities on the optical force has been studied. Compared with an ideal nanocube, nanocube with rounded corners is more in line with the actual situation of the device. These results show that the larger radius of nanocube rounded corners, the smaller trapping potential and force provided by AGP cavities. Our results pave a new idea for the investigation of optical field and optical force via acoustic plasmon mode.
Coherence properties of light in highly multimoded nonlinear parabolic fibers under optical equilibrium conditions
Authors: Selim Mahmoud A. , Wu Fan O. , Pyrialakos Georgios G. , Khajavikhan Mercedeh , Christodoulides Demetrios
Published: January 2023

We study the coherence characteristics of light propagating in nonlinear graded-index (GRIN) multimode fibers after attaining optical thermal equilibrium conditions. The role of optical temperature on the spatial mutual coherence function and the associated correlation area is systematically investigated. In this respect, we show that the coherence properties of the field at the output of a multimode nonlinear fiber can be controlled through its optical thermodynamic properties.
Birth registration in Nepal: An assessment of progress based on two national surveys
Authors: Sharma Sharad K. , Ghimire Dhruba R. , Adhikari Dadhi , Thapa Shyam
Published: January 2023

Birth registration, an essential component of the civil registration system, is expected to be complete and universal. This study assesses the progress made in recent years and identifies gaps in birth registration in Nepal. Data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys undertaken in 2014 and 2019 are used for the analysis. The two surveys included a total of 12,007 children under five years of age living with their mothers at the time of the surveys. The survey respondents were 11,821 mothers and 186 caretakers (in the case of those without mothers) of the children. The variations in the proportion of births registered among various subgroups of the children are assessed by performing bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Birth registration increased considerably, from 58% (95% CI: 57–59%) in 2014 to 77% (95% CI: 76–78%) in 2019. Several of the disparities between and among the various population subgroups that were evident in the 2014 survey had been considerably reduced or eliminated by 2019. The disparities in registration between boys and girls attenuated over time. Although birth registration increased for all children (ages 0–59 months old), infants still had comparatively lower levels of registration. The relatively disadvantaged provinces showed significant progress between the two survey periods. Considerable and significant progress has been made in birth registration in recent years. However, achieving universal and complete birth registration would require sustaining recent achievements and applying proven strategic interventions to ensure the inclusion of the unregistered births.
Assessment of community perceptions and risk to common zoonotic diseases among communities living at the human-livestock-wildlife interface in Nakuru West, Kenya: A participatory epidemiology approach
Authors: Owiny Maurice Omondi , Ngare Ben Kipchumba , Mugo Bernard Chege , Rotich Jacob , Mutembei Arithi , Chepkorir Khadijah , Sitawa Rinah , Obonyo Mark , Onono Joshua Orungo
Published: January 2023

Background

Zoonoses account for most of the emerging and re-emerging infections in Kenya and in other low to medium-income countries across the world. The human-livestock-wildlife interface provides a nexus where transmission and spread of these zoonotic diseases could occur among communities farming in these areas. We sought to identify perceptions of the community living near the Lake Nakuru National Park in Kenya.

Methods

We used participatory epidemiology techniques (PE) involving Focus Group Discussion (FGD) among community members and Key Informant Interviews (KII) with the health, veterinary, and administration officers in July 2020. We used listing, pairwise matching, and proportional piling techniques during the FGDs in the randomly selected villages in the study area from a list of villages provided by the area government officers. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the median scores between the zoonotic diseases, source of information, and response to disease occurrence. Medians with a z-score greater than 1.96 at 95% Confidence Level were considered to be significant. Content analysis was used to rank qualitative variables.

Results

We conducted seven FGDs and four KIIs. A total of 89 participants took part in the FGDs with their ages ranging from 26 to 85 years. Common zoonotic diseases identified by participants included anthrax, rabies, and brucellosis. Anthrax was considered to have the greatest impact by the participants (median = 4, z>1.96), while 4/7 (57%) of the FGDs identified consumption of uninspected meat as a way that people can get infected with zoonotic diseases. Community Health Volunteers (Median = 28, z = 2.13) and the government veterinary officer (median = 7, z = 1.8) were the preferred sources of information during disease outbreaks.

Conclusion

The participants knew the zoonotic diseases common in the area and how the diseases can be acquired. We recommend increased involvement of the community in epidemio-surveillance of zoonotic diseases at the human-wildlife-livestock interface.
A comparative study of the policy response to COVID-19 in the ASEAN region: A dynamic simulated ARDL approach
Authors: Ahmed Nihal , Khan Dilawar , Oláh Judit , Popp József
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 epidemic is the most significant global health disaster of this century and the greatest challenge to humanity since World War II. One of the most important research issues is to determine the effectiveness of measures implemented worldwide to control the spread of the corona virus. A dynamic simulated Autoregressive-Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach was adopted to analyze the policy response to COVID-19 in the ASEAN region using data from February 1, 2020, to November 8, 2021. The results of unit root concluded that the dependent variable is integrated of order one while the independent variables are stationarized at the level or first difference, and the use of a dynamic simulated ARDL technique is appropriate for this paper. The outcomes of the dynamic simulated ARDL model explored that government economic support and debt/contract relief for poor families is substantially important in the fight against COVID-19. The study also explored that closing schools and workplaces, restrictions on gatherings, cancellation of public events, stay at home, closing public transport, restrictions on domestic and international travel are necessary to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Finally, this study explored that public awareness campaigns, testing policy and social distancing significantly decrease the spread of COVID-19. Policy implications such as economic support from the government to help poor families, closing schools and public gatherings during the pandemic, public awareness among the masses, and testing policies must be adopted to reduce the spread of COVID-19. Moreover, the reduction in mortality shows that immunization could be a possible new strategy to combat COVID-19, but the factors responsible for the acceptability of the vaccine must be addressed immediately through public health policies.
Cumulative temporal vegetation indices from unoccupied aerial systems allow maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid yield to be estimated across environments with fewer flights
Authors: Chatterjee Sumantra , Adak Alper , Wilde Scott , Nakasagga Shakirah , Murray Seth C.
Published: January 2023

Unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) based high throughput phenotyping studies require further investigation to combine different environments and planting times into one model. Here 100 elite breeding hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.) were evaluated in two environment trials–one with optimal planting and irrigation (IHOT), and one dryland with delayed planting (DHOT). RGB (Red-Green-Blue) based canopy height measurement (CHM) and vegetation indices (VIs) were estimated from a UAS platform. Time series and cumulative VIs, by both summation (ΣVI-SUMs) and area under the curve (ΣVI-AUCs), were fit via machine learning regression modeling (random forest, linear, ridge, lasso, elastic net regressions) to estimate grain yield. VIs were more valuable predictors of yield to combine different environments than CHM. Time series VIs and CHM produced high accuracies (~68–72%), but inconsistent models. A little sacrifice in accuracy (~60–65%) produced consistent models using ΣVI-SUMs and CHM during pre-reproductive vegetative growth. Absence of VIs produced poorer accuracies (by about ~5–10%). Normalized difference type VIs produced maximum accuracies, and flowering times were the best times for UAS data acquisition. This study suggests that the best yielding varieties can be accurately predicted in new environments at or before flowering when combining multiple temporal flights and predictors.
Analysis of network disruption evolution of Chinese fresh cold chain under COVID-19
Authors: Chen Huanwan , Chen Guopeng , Zhang Qingnian , Zhang Xiuxia
Published: January 2023

The spread of the global COVID-19 epidemic, home quarantine, and blockade of infected areas are essential measures to prevent the spread of the epidemic, but efforts to prevent and control the outbreak lead to the disruption of fresh and cold chain agricultural products in the region. Based on the multi-layer management model of non-scale agricultural households in China, we applied the complex network theory to construct an evolutionary model of the Chinese fresh cold chain network with adaptation degree priority connection, dual local world considering transport distance connection relationship, and superiority and inferiority mechanism. Based on this model, we studied the evolution of fresh cold chain disruption, and puts forward the optimal design of fresh cold chain network disruption and reconnection from the perspective of practicality and economy.
Economy and elderly population, complementary or contradictory: A cross-continental wavelet coherence and cross-country Granger causality study
Authors: Galappaththi Kethaka , Jayathilaka Ruwan , Rajamanthri Lochana , Jayawardhana Thaveesha , Anuththara Sachini , Nimnadi Thamasha , Karadanaarachchi Ridhmi
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to explore the causal relationship between the economy and the elderly population globally as well as continent-wise. This research was designed as a continent-wide study to investigate the differences between several regions simultaneously. The economy was measured by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita growth rate while the population aged above 65 as a percentage of the total was considered the elderly population. A panel dataset published by the World Bank for a period of six decades from 1961 to 2020 covering 84 countries was used as data for the analysis. Wavelet coherence was the methodology used for the study since it was considered suitable to present causality as well as the causal direction between the two variables for different sections during the six decades. Thereafter, Granger causality was applied for a cross-country analysis to gain further insights on the causality of individual countries over the years. Findings of the study reveal that the causality and its direction have been changing over time for most continents. Negative correlations with the leading variable interchanging with time are evident for the majority of the regions. Nevertheless, results indicate that in a global perspective, elderly population predominantly leads the economic growth with a positive correlation. Research approach allows ascertaining the short-term and medium-term changes that occurred concerning the direction of the relationship throughout the stipulated period of the study, which could not be drawn by any previous study. Even though region-wise literature is available on this topic, global studies for decades have not been conducted yet.
Stair-climbing wheelchair proven to maintain user’s body stability based on AnyBody musculoskeletal model and finite element analysis
Authors: Zhu Yancong , Li Haojie , Lyu Shaojun , Shan Xinying , Jan Yih-Kuen , Ma Fengling
Published: January 2023

The electric stair-climbing wheelchair is a beneficial mobile assistance device for older adults and disabled persons with poor walking ability, as it reduces the daily walking and climbing burden. In this paper, 11 older adults were tested when using a stair-climbing wheelchair in three environments: flat ground, slopes, and stairs. The kinematic and dynamic parameters of the lower limb joints were simulated by AnyBody 7.2 human model simulation software using Vicon 3D infrared motion capture, a 3D force table, and analyzed by ANSYS 19.2 Workbench. The joint force, joint moment, and muscle strength did not change significantly under the three environments when using the wheelchair. Through finite element analysis of the mechanical properties of the human body, when using the wheelchair, no significant differences in the overall stress distributions of the fifth lumbar spine, hip bone, or femur were found among the three environments, no significant differences in deformation and displacement were found, and the stress distribution was relatively stable. Therefore, the human body is stable enough to use the electric stair-climbing wheelchair in the three test environments, all of which will be commonly encountered in daily life.
A spectrophotometric method for the determination of tryptophan following oxidation by the addition of sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate
Authors: Hosokawa Sho , Morinishi Tatsuya , Ohara Kazuaki , Yamaguchi Kentaro , Tada Satoshi , Tokuhara Yasunori
Published: January 2023

Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid that functions in various biological processes and human daily health. As the significant functions of Trp become more apparent, its measurement is becoming increasingly important in various situations. Herein, we improved the Trp color reaction based on the Hopkins-Cole reaction and established a simple colorimetric method for Trp determination using several different reagents, including sodium hypochlorite pentahydrate and monosodium glutamate. The detection method can be performed using safe materials, rather than conventional toxic substances, and induces a crimson color change with an absorption peak at 525 nm, enabling the quantification of Trp by simple spectrophotometry in just 10 min. This assay exhibited a linear detection range from 10 to 100 mg/L (R2= 0.9996). The average recoveries in the spiked cerebrospinal fluid ranged from 90.5% to 104.3%, with a relative standard deviation of 0.27% (n = 3, 29.40 mg/L Trp) to 1.19% (n = 3, 72.90 mg/L Trp). This novel spectrophotometric method may enable many researchers and laboratory technicians to detect Trp in various sample solutions without expensive analytical instruments or complicated operations.
Prevalence and risk predictors of childhood stunting in Bangladesh
Authors: Abdulla Faruq , Rahman Azizur , Hossain Md. Moyazzem
Published: January 2023

Background

The child nutritional status of a country is a potential indicator of socioeconomic development. Child malnutrition is still the leading cause of severe health and welfare problems across Bangladesh. The most prevalent form of child malnutrition, stunting, is a serious public health issue in many low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to investigate the heterogeneous effect of some child, maternal, household, and health-related predictors, along with the quantiles of the conditional distribution of Z-score for height-for-age (HAZ) of under five children in Bangladesh.

Methods and materials

In this study, a sample of 8,321 children under five years of age was studied from BDHS-2017-18. The chi-square test was mainly used to identify the significant predictors of the HAZ score and sequential quantile regression was used to estimate the heterogeneous effect of the significant predictors at different quantiles of the conditional HAZ distribution.

Results

The findings revealed that female children were significantly shorter than their male counterparts except at the 75th quantile. It was also discovered that children aged 7–47 months were disadvantaged, but children aged 48–59 months were advantaged in terms of height over children aged 6 months or younger. Moreover, children with a higher birth order had significantly lower HAZ scores than 1st birth order children. In addition, home delivery, the duration of breastfeeding, and the BCG vaccine and vitamin A received status were found to have varied significant negative associations with the HAZ score. As well, seven or fewer antenatal care visits was negatively associated with the HAZ score, but more than seven antenatal care visits was positively associated with the HAZ score. Additionally, children who lived in urban areas and whose mothers were over 18 years and either normal weight or overweight had a significant height advantage. Furthermore, parental secondary or higher education had a significant positive but varied effect across the conditional HAZ distribution, except for the mother’s education, at the 50th quantile. Children from wealthier families were also around 0.30 standard deviations (SD) taller than those from the poorest families. Religion also had a significant relationship with the conditional HAZ distribution in favor of non-Muslim children.

Conclusions

To enhance children’s nutritional levels, intervention measures should be designed considering the estimated heterogeneous effect of the risk factors. This would accelerate the progress towards achieving the targets of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to child and maternal health in Bangladesh by 2030.
Enhancing sparse representation of color images by cross channel transformation
Authors: Rebollo-Neira Laura , Inacio Aurelien
Published: January 2023

Transformations for enhancing sparsity in the approximation of color images by 2D atomic decomposition are discussed. The sparsity is firstly considered with respect to the most significant coefficients in the wavelet decomposition of the color image. The discrete cosine transform is singled out as an effective 3 point transformation for this purpose. The enhanced feature is further exploited by approximating the transformed arrays using an effective greedy strategy with a separable highly redundant dictionary. The relevance of the achieved sparsity is illustrated by a simple encoding procedure. On typical test images the compression at high quality recovery is shown to significantly improve upon JPEG and WebP formats.
Secondary teachers’ competencies and attitude: A mediated multigroup model based on usefulness and enjoyment to examine the differences between key dimensions of STEM teaching practice
Authors: Chiriacescu Fabiola Sanda , Chiriacescu Bogdan , Grecu Alina Elena , Miron Cristina , Panisoara Ion Ovidiu , Lazar Iuliana Mihaela
Published: January 2023

This research explores the mediating role of perceived usefulness and enjoyment of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teaching practice between secondary teachers’ competencies and attitudes in the formal educational context. Also, the research aimed to examine if the relationships between model constructs differ by STEM teaching practice dimension (e.g., Inquiry-based learning (IBL) and Integration of STEM content (INT)). We synthesized the will, skill, tool model (WST), technology acceptance model (TAM) and flow theory (FLT) to develop a theoretical model predicting teacher attitude under the influence of Competencies, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Enjoyment. Therefore, a mediated multigroup model with validated data from three hundred Romanian secondary teachers who completed questionnaires related to their competencies, perceived usefulness, enjoyment, and attitude toward STEM teaching practices was used. Two comparative teacher survey studies were carried out: one for IBL and one for INT. There are direct and positive relationships between Competencies and Attitude, Competencies and Enjoyment, Competencies and Usefulness, and Enjoyment and Attitude for both IBL and INT teaching practices. The partial least squares path modeling (PLS-SEM) results showed that the control variables had no significant impact on attitude. This research supports evidence for the belief that teachers’ competency is a key predictor of attitude. Precisely, the positive strong direct effect of Competencies on Attitude is similar for IBL (β = 0.49, t = 7.46, p < 0.001;f2(Effect size) = 0.29) with for INT teaching practice (β = 0.46, t = 6.46, p < 0.001;f2(Effect size) = 0.22). Interestingly, this research showed that the perceived Usefulness and Enjoyment partially mediated the association between Competencies and Attitude in both case studies. Understanding the mediating role of perceived usefulness and enjoyment for each STEM practice would help teachers successfully implement STEM education.
Occupational burnout and chronic fatigue in the work of academic teachers–moderating role of selected health behaviours
Authors: Springer Agnieszka , Oleksa-Marewska Karolina , Basińska-Zych Agata , Werner Iwona , Białowąs Sylwester
Published: January 2023

Increasing and changing demands for academic teachers worldwide are leading to different consequences, some of which are negative, such as physical and mental health impairment. With the job demands-resources model and the transactional model of occupational stress adopted as a theoretical framework, a cross-sectional study among Polish academic teachers was conducted. The aim of the study is to identify the role of vital personal resources understood as selected health-promoting behaviours, such as (1) stress-coping strategies, (2) sleep hygiene, and (3) using annual vacation leave, in the process of the regeneration. In a cross-sectional survey, the following variables have been assessed: 1) work-related stress using the Psychosocial Risk Scale, 2) occupational burnout using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI), 3) chronic fatigue using the Polish adaptation of the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS), and selected health behaviours of academic teachers 4) stress-coping strategies with the help of the Polish version of Mini-COPE and 5) rest: the amount of sleep and vacation days devoted to rest using a short questionnaire designed by the authors. The sample (N = 340) was comprised of academic teachers employed at Polish higher education institutions who have experienced changes in the work environment in recent years. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to determine the relationships among stress, burnout, and chronic fatigue, looking at coping strategies and rest as a moderator. The results indicate that there is a strong relationship between stress resulting from an excessively demanding work environment on the one hand and occupational burnout and chronic fatigue on the other. At the same time, selected health behaviours of academic teachers only slightly moderate the analyzed relationship. Avoidance strategies strengthen the relationship between stress and its negative consequences, while rest and—to a limited extent—the amount of sleep only slightly contribute to weakening the analyzed relationship.
Mitigating the outbreak of an infectious disease over its life cycle: A diffusion-based approach
Authors: Li Xiaoming , Wang Conghu , Jiang Bin , Mei Hua
Published: January 2023

We first qualitatively divide the cycle of an infectious disease outbreak into five distinct stages by following the adoption categorization from the diffusion theory. Next, we apply a standard mechanistic model, the susceptible-infected-recovered model, to simulate a variety of transmission scenarios and to quantify the benefits of various countermeasures. In particular, we apply the specific values of the newly infected to quantitatively divide an outbreak cycle into stages. We therefore reveal diverging patterns of countermeasures in different stages. The stage is critical in determining the evolutionary characteristics of the diffusion process. Our results show that it is necessary to employ appropriate diverse strategies in different stages over the life cycle of an infectious disease outbreak. In the early stages, we need to focus on prevention, early detection, and strict countermeasure (e.g., isolation and lockdown) for controlling an epidemic. It is better safe (i.e., stricter countermeasures) than sorry (i.e., let the virus spread out). There are two reasons why we should implement responsive and strict countermeasures in the early stages. The countermeasures are very effective, and the earlier the more total infected reduction over the whole cycle. The economic and societal burden for implementing countermeasures is relatively small due to limited affected areas, and the earlier the less burden. Both reasons change to the opposite in the late stages. The strategic focuses in the late stages become more delicate and balanced for two reasons: the same countermeasures become much less effective, and the society bears a much heavier burden. Strict countermeasures may become unnecessary, and we need to think about how to live with the infectious disease.
The effect of favouritism on employee competencies in the hotel industry: Mediating role of employee silence
Authors: Çakır Onur , Doğantan Ece
Published: January 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of favouritism on competencies through employee silence. The phenomenon of employee silence has been defined as a mediating variable that is affected by favouritism, and which affects employee competencies. Data collected from 420 employees working in hotels in the Thrace Region based on a face-to-face survey method were used to test the research hypotheses with partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that favouritism is an obstacle that causes employee silence and, more importantly, reduces the competencies of employees, as they are not treated fairly in terms of their skills, experience, knowledge, and abilities. In addition, it may be concluded that employee silence is a factor that directly reduces competencies. While there is some discussion about the possible impacts of obstacles such as favouritism and employee silence on competencies, it can be observed that there are few studies that address their relationship separately. This research is among the first to empirically reveal employee silence as the mediator between favouritism practices and employee competencies, expanding the understanding of how silence can work as a mediator in the hospitality businesses.
Indonesia’s Innovation Policies: Evolution and Institutional Structure
Authors: Simatupang Togar M. , Silalahi Fitriani Tupa R , Okdinawati Liane , Nandini Widya , Fajarini Putu Franciska
Published: January 2023

Along with world developments that encourage every country to innovate, Indonesia also has aspirations to increase domestic innovation. The success of several other countries in increasing economic growth through innovation is the driving force. Indonesia also has the same desire to pay attention to innovation and science, and technology. Along the way, there have been developments in innovation policies in Indonesia in terms of institutional structure and implementation of innovative programs. This paper tries to identify how the innovation policy has developed through quantitative analysis of innovation, science and technology regulations starting in 2004. This paper has divided the regulations into four eras according to the era of the elected President from 2004 to 2024. A multi-dimensional quantitative methodology is carried out to examine Indonesia's innovation policies. The policy search is carried out by searching for regulations in two Indonesian regulatory databases. From the analysis results, it is found that Indonesia has driven S&T and innovation policies, including policies that support innovation funding and has made several changes to the formation of innovation organizations to produce better coordination between researchers who create innovative products and industries as users.
Malignant Insulinoma Arising From Nonfunctioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Chatterjee Ritodhi , Ali Basim , Nguyen Son H. , Chen Rui , Sada Yvonne H.
Published: January 2023

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rare neoplasms characterized into nonfunctioning (NF-PNET) and functioning (F-PNET) subtypes. F-PNETs typically involve overt symptoms related to excessive hormone secretion but may rarely present first as NF-PNETs with delayed transformation. We present a patient with known NF-PNET with liver metastases who developed hypoglycemia 2 years after initial diagnosis due to malignant insulinoma. Hypoglycemia was refractory to continuous dextrose but improved temporarily after diazoxide and hepatic artery embolization. Malignant insulinomas are usually metastatic at presentation and portend poor prognosis. Hypoglycemia may be medically managed with steroids, somatostatin analogues, and diazoxide, along with therapies to reduce tumor burden.
Cultures of Decolonisation at UCL
Authors: Eten Angyagre Simon , Hannam Ysabel
Published: January 2023

This report is a result of extensive research undertaken by researchers within UCL on Cultures of Decolonisation. Commissioned by the UCL's Grand Challenge of Cultural Understanding Working Group, the report has been overseen by a team of members from that group, along with two researchers from within the university. It is envisaged that this report will lead to discussions amongst all faculties and departments across UCL on how cultures of decolonisation can be more directly reflected in their activities. The report makes a number of observations about ways in which decolonisation themes can be more directly reflected in areas such as support to doctoral students, revision of ethical frameworks, and international collaborations. We suggest that all that departments across the university set aside time to discuss this important report, and that structures such as Equality and Diversity committees, Research Ethics, and those involved in supporting global engagement initiatives recognise and address the themes and recommendations within the report.
Reference intervals of thyroidstimulating hormone in pregnant women living in the central regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Rybakova A. A. , Platonov N. M. , Malysheva N. M. , Nikankina L. V. , Elfimova A. R. , Troshina E. A.
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a condition with important structural and physiological changes in the thyroid gland. In this regard, experts of thyroid associations have recommended developing specific reference intervals taking into account the natural and socio-geographical characteristics of the region under study.AIM: To conduct an epidemiological analysis and evaluate TSH reference intervals in pregnant women living in the central regions of the Russian Federation with mild iodine deficiency.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have conducted the observational multicenter cross-sectional study included 2008 healthy pregnant women at different trimesters of pregnancy, from three regions of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Ivanovo and Smolensk). We assessed the level of thyroid-stimulating hormone, antibodies to thyroid peroxidase, antibodies to serum thyroglobulin, the level of iodine concentration in the morning portion of urine (cerium arsenic method) and we have conducted a questionnaire (date birth and gestational age). Women with elevated titers of anti-TPO and/or anti-TG antibodies were excluded from the study (245 women). As a result, we assessed high and medium levels of TSH and its overestimation with iodine sufficiency in pregnant women. The results are presented using the calculation of 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles.RESULTS: We confirmed the presence of iodine deficiency in the study areas. The median concentration of iodine in the urine was: in Moscow 106 μg/l, in Ivanovo 119 μg/l, in Smolensk 134 μg/l. Pregnant women were divided into 2 groups according to iodine adequacy. In the group with optimal iodine supply, the level of TSH was 0,006–3,36 in the 1st trimester, 0,20–3,74 in the 2nd trimester, and 0,33–3,68 mIU/L in the 3rd trimester. In the group with mild iodine deficiency — in the 1st trimester it was 0,11–3,00, in the 2nd trimester 0,22–3,78, in the 3rd trimester 0,07–3,04 mIU/l. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that when comparing the level of TSH by trimester, depending on the place of residence, no statistical difference was found (p = 0,239).CONCLUSION: We obtained that the level of TSH in healthy pregnant women living in the central regions of the Russian Federation does not exceed 3.8 mIU/l in all trimesters.
Resolution on the results of the interdisciplinary expert council “Prevention and treatment of obesity. How to Achieve a Healthy Metabolic Balance
Authors: Troshina E. A. , Suplotova L. A. , Karonova T. L. , Dzgoeva F. K. , Vasyukova O. V. , Remizov O. V. , Tuaeva I. B. , Khadartseva E. L. , Ruyatkina L. A. , Gusova Z. R. , Ekusheva E. V. , Mokrysheva N. G.
Published: January 2023

On September 30, 2022, a meeting of the interdisciplinary expert council “Prevention and treatment of obesity. How to Achieve a Healthy Metabolic Balance. To reduce the social and economic burden of obesity and its consequences in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to introduce socially significant initiatives to prevent obesity and increase its detection rate, as well as to update modern approaches to the treatment of this chronic disease, taking into account its multifactorial pathogenesis, comorbidity, risk of complications and patient disability. Based on the results of the scientific reports and discussions held during the expert council, the experts made decisions on a further plan within the framework of socially significant initiatives for the prevention of obesity
Molecular tumor board and theranostics
Authors: Rumyantsev P. O.
Published: January 2023

Clinical oncology is currently undergoing a period of unprecedented change. Targeted therapy, and subsequently immunotherapy, has revolutionized the clinical course and outcome of many patients with solid cancer. Clinical oncology is inseparable from molecular oncology, the development of which is interconnected. Molecular tumor research proposes the most precise, effective and lesser toxic antitumor therapy regimen is an extremely urgent clinical task, especially in life-threatening and resistant to other types of treatment cases of cancer. Modern technologies of genomic and postgenomic studies, as well as molecular imaging methods (positron and single photon emission computed tomography, PET and SPECT, respectively) make it possible not only to assess the metabolic and receptor status of tumor foci, but also to select the optimal therapeutic tactics as a key to the lock. In the clinical practice of oncology, there is an increasing need for molecular tumor board (MTB). Published real clinical experience with MTB-recommended treatment regimens based on the molecular geno-transcriptomic profile of the tumor indicates better relapse-free and overall patient survival compared to treatment prescribed by a physician without taking into account the molecular profile of the tumor. More experience is needed and randomized controlled clinical trials are needed for more solid and evidence-based conclusions. However, there is no doubt that the MTB is a powerful tool for the development of precision personalized oncology.
Violência Doméstica e Prisão Preventiva
Authors: Cruz Érica Marcelina
Published: January 2023

Os delitos ocorridos no âmbito doméstico, quando noticiados, exigem resposta Estatal célere e efetiva, ao menos a fim de evitar mal maior à vítima, eis que, muitas vezes, está ao lado do agressor. Neste aspecto, o objetivo do presente é demonstrar que a medida cautelar consistente na imediata decretação da prisão preventiva do autor do crime, ainda que primário, a depender dos elementos do caso concreto, pode se traduzir na única solução jurídica imediata para salvaguardar o bem mais caro do ser humano: a vida. É por isto que a análise da necessidade prisional do suspeito da prática de crime de ameaça contra cônjuge, descendente ou ascendente no âmbito doméstico não pode se cingir apenas ao quantum da pena cominada, em abstrato, para o delito. Nesta toada, é inegável, ainda, concluir que a lei 13.964/2019 endureceu o sistema de justiça criminal ao estabelecer, v.g., a possibilidade de aprisionamento imediato no Tribunal do Júri, após sobrevinda de condenação à pena superior a de 15 anos (artigo 492, inciso I, alínea “e” do Código de Processo Penal). Não raras vezes, a pena in concreto a ser fixada em condenação do Tribunal do Júri pela prática pelo acusado do delito de feminicídio chega a este patamar. Logo, a função do juiz no sistema de justiça criminal e o aparato da polícia judiciária em contraponto com a prisão cautelar na modalidade preventiva ante a vinda do ‘pacote anticrime’ são temáticas intimamente afetas ao descortinamento de delitos cometidos no âmbito doméstico.
Hermenêutica Jurídica e os Tratados Internacionais de Direitos Humanos no Direito Brasileiro
Authors: Ferreira Fredes Andrei
Published: January 2023

Apesar de passados praticamente 15 anos desde a entrada em vigor da emenda constitucional número 45, que, dentre outras mudanças, incluiu o §3º do Art. 5º da Constituição Federal, ainda não foram resolvidas diversas questões acerca da disciplina dos tratados internacionais de direitos humanos e sua relação com o direito interno brasileiro, com especial destaque para a questão da hierarquia destes tratados. A proposta do presente artigo é buscar apresentar as principais posições que a doutrina e a jurisprudência destes últimos 15 anos, ou até mesmo antes, veio defendendo sobre o assunto, e buscar expor de que forma esses entendimentos conseguem se sustentar a partir de uma visão sistemática do direito.