bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microencapsulation of Olive Leaf Extract by Spray Drying
Authors: Dobrinčić A. , Tuđen L. , Repajić M. , Garofulić I. Elez , Zorić Z. , Dragović-Uzelac V. , Levaj B.
Published: November 2020

The aim of this research was to obtain a high value powder of olive leaf extract (OLE) rich in polyphenols by spray drying. Since carrier, polyphenols/carrier ratio, and inlet temperature could have an impact on process yield and polyphenol retention, to deﬁne the most promising drying conditions for OLE experiment with gallic acid model solutions (GAS) was conducted. Inﬂuence of carrier type (maltodextrin, inulin, gum arabic, and their two-component blends), polyphenols/carrier ratio, and temperature on process yield of spray dried GAS was examined, and for each carrier the most promising temperature and ratio were selected. Optimal temperature for all GAS samples was 150 °C, and optimal gallic acid/carrier ratio for samples with inulin or gum arabic was 3:1, while for all other combinations it was 5:1. In OLE powder produced under these conditions, polyphenol content and physical properties (rehydration, bulk density) were determined. Mixture of maltodextrin and gum arabic resulted in the highest OLE product yield (54.48%) and the highest polyphenol retention (56.50%) obtaining good physical properties (bulk density=0.31 g ml–1, rehydration time=98 s), while use of inulin resulted in the lowest yield (32.71%), polyphenol retention (28.24%), bulk density (0.25 g ml–1), and the highest rehydration time (140 s).
Evaluation of Physico-Chemical Composition in Bulbs of Red, Yellow, and White Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Genotypes of Sub-Tropical India
Authors: Kaur I. , Chawla N. , Dhatt A.S. , Kaur M.
Published: November 2020

In this study, thirty onion (Allium cepa L.) genotypes grown in sub-tropical region of India were analysed for diﬀerent physico-chemical attributes. There were signiﬁcant diﬀerences among genotypes, and the onion genotypes showed a tendency to be classiﬁed according to diﬀerent colours. The cultivars of the same colour exhibited similar tendencies in terms of accumulating most of the analysed components. About 1.78 fold variation in dry matter (%) and 2 fold variation in fresh weight per bulb were recorded among coloured onions. Red genotype D-888-B possessed maximum contents of TS and NRS, while the yellow coloured genotype POH-5 accumulated highest RS and lowest NRS contents. Maximum values of fructans (3.68 g/100 g DW), AIS (6 g/100 g DW), protein (10.61 g/100 g DW), and FAA (4.24 g/100 g DW) were also found in red coloured genotypes D-715-B, D-97-B, PR-305, and D-PS-121-B, respectively. Proline content in diﬀerent genotypes was found to vary about 6.9 fold. The correlation studies showed a positive relationship between most of the quality parameters. Our results suggested that red group genotypes were better than yellow and white groups for all the studied parameters except for RS, which makes red genotypes more suitable for processing purposes.
Assessment of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Cystoseira Mediterranea and Padina Pavonica from Algerian North-East for A Potential Use as a Food Preservative
Authors: Keramane B. , Touati N. , Saidani K. , Taguelmimt A. , Zair I. , Bedjou F.
Published: November 2020

The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of two marine algae, Cystoseira mediterranea and Padina pavonica, extracts. Total phenols (TPC), carotenoids, and phlorotannins contents of the extracts obtained by four extraction solvents were determined and compared. The highest TPC content was observed for aqueous extract of C. mediterranea with 37.09±0.46 mg GAE/g DE followed by ethanol extract of P. pavonica (24.28 ±0.99 mg GAE/g DE), which showed the highest phlorotannins content (1.18±0.18 mg PE/g DE), while its methanol extract held carotenoids content of 66.96 ±4.78 μg g–1 DE. Ethanol extract of C. mediterranea exhibited the best antioxidant activity with an EC50 of 58.3 ±1.16 μg ml . The antibacterial activity screening against MRSA and E. coli showed that ethanol extract of C. mediterranea towards a Methicillin resistant Staphyloccocus aureus (20.33±0.28 mm) and E. coli (15.66±0.57 mm) was more eﬃcient with MICs about 80 mg ml–1 and 20 mg ml–1, respectively. Ethanol extract of C. mediterranea seems to have the highest potential for use in food industries.
Differences Between Fat-Related Characteristics of Sour Cream and Sour Cream Analogues
Authors: Izsó T. , Kasza Gy. , Somogyı L.
Published: November 2020

Modiﬁcation of dairy products’ fat composition or replacement by other fats are common practices in the industry. Products in which milkfat is partially or wholly substituted by vegetable fats are deﬁned as dairy analogues. This study delivers gap-ﬁlling information about sour cream analogues in nutritional aspects, focusing on the fat-related attributes. Analogue sour creams contained 29.6% less saturated fatty acids, 88.4% less cholesterol and 88.7% more mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids than the sour creams. Trans fatty acids were present in both products, which could not be linked to artiﬁcial hydrogenation in either case. Digestibility of the examined samples might be diﬀerent, as sour creams had more short and medium chain fatty acids than the analogues. Overall, sour cream analogues, besides serving as an alternative to sour cream, have particular advantages based on their nutritional values.
Comprehensive Chemical Characterisation of Durio Zibethinus
Authors: Chua L.S. , Lee Y.C.
Published: November 2020

This study investigated the chemical properties of Durio zibethinus (Durian) in Malaysia. The cultivars included in the present study were D101, D197, and Kampung. A wide range of chemical properties such as proximate nutritional content, minerals, total phenolic content was analysed using established analytical methods. The antioxidant capacity in term of free radical scavenging activity was determined using colorimetric assay, whereas metabolite proﬁles of samples were analysed by hyphenated high throughput tool like GC-MS. The results showed that D197 durian had the highest content of ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate, but the lowest moisture level. Potassium was found to be the highest mineral (8.68–11.36 mg g–1), followed by sodium (3.2–7.6 mg g–1), magnesium (0.86–1.88 mg g–1), and calcium (2.74–3.80 mg g–1) in the tested cultivars. The major sulphur containing compounds (% relative peak area) such as hydrogen sulphide (5.0–8.3%), methanethiol (0.5–1.0%), ethanethiol (20.7–35.0%), 1-propanethiol (2.7– 9.5%), and diethyl disulphide (0.6–1.9%), and esters, especially ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (10.0–15.0%), methyl 2-methylbutanoate (1.0%), and propyl 2-methylbutanoate (1.5%) were detected when fresh samples were heated in headspace GC-MS. However, those compounds evaporated during ultrasound assisted extraction and oven drying even at 40 °C.
Experimental Study on the Performance of Frp Tendon Anchoring Devices in Axial Tension
Authors: Abramov Ivan V. , Lekomtsev Pavel V. , Romanov Аlexander V. , Buchkin Аndrey V. , Saidova Zarina S. , Orban Zoltan
Published: November 2020

The paper presents an experimental research on anchoring devices developed for the pre-tensioning of fiber reinforced polymer tendons in the stress range between 40 and 70% of tensile strength. The technique of testing, the criteria of assessing the load capacity and the influence of preloading applied on the anchor wedges on the initial tendons slippage are described. The optimal technical configurations of the anchoring device have been obtained, including parameters regarding the necessary prior anchorage of the tendon ends based on the strength properties of the tendon bar and the requirements to avoid slippage during the tensile tests.
Restoring Rural Landscape: a Case Study in Chongqing China
Authors: Shi Yongting , Tamás Anna Mária , Sztranyák Gergely
Published: November 2020

Based on the consensus that the rural cultural landscape with regional characteristics is conducive to promoting the sustainable development of rural areas, this study explores how to use multiple means to restore the countryside with insufficient or severely damaged landscape resources and rebuild the contemporary rural landscape with regional characteristics. Combining the design of practical cases, the article proposes the use of low-tech, low-interference vernacular technology, and the integration of artistic intervention methods can more effectively restore landscape characteristics and stimulate rural development vitality.
Ai Based Detection of Gas Hydrate Formation in the Field
Authors: Bolkeny Ildiko , Czap Laszlo
Published: November 2020

During the production of natural gas one of the major problems is the formation of hydrate crystals in the pipeline. The forming hydrate crystals can form hydrate plugs in the pipeline. The hydrate plugs lengthen production outages and result in financial losses for the producer, because the removal of the plugs is a time consuming procedure. One of the solutions used to prevent hydrate formation is the injection of modern compositions to the gas flow. The modern compositions help to dehydrate the gas, thus, the size of hydrate crystals does not increase. The substances, used in low concentrations, have to be locally injected, at the gas well sites. Inhibitor dosing depends on the amount of gas hydrate present. In the article a neural network based predictive detection solution is presented, which uses four factors.
Diseases of the vagina and cervix, associated with viral infections: view of the practical doctor
Authors:   Interregional center of medical genetics and prenatal diagnosis, Krivoy Rog, Ukraine, Veropotvelyan P.M. , Tsekhmistrenko I.C. ,   Kyiv City Center for Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, Ukraine, Chuvakov A.N. ,   The medical diagnostic center, Krivoy Rog, Ukraine, Pivnev M.C. ,   Krivoy Rog City Clinical Hospital No.1, Pivnevа N.V. ,   Center of family planning and human reproduction, Krivoy Rog
Published: November 2020

Kliniko-epidemiological these papillomas virus and herpes – a viral infection, in particular about genital herpes – one of the most widespread viral infections are presented in article. Key words: virus of papilloma of the person, cancer of a neck of uterus, persistention, reinfection, carriage of virus, immunomodulators, herpesviridae infection, genital herp, interferon inductors.
Quality of life in women of late reproductive age with infertility and endometrial pathology
Authors:   SI Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Korniyenko S.M.
Published: November 2020

Research has shown that infertile women are less satisfied with their lives than fertile women, as their mental, communicative, sexual and emotional well-being is undergoing a number of changes, especially in the late reproductive period when the proportion increases anxiety and depressive disorders. The objective: сompare the quality of life parameters in infertile and fertile women of late reproductive age with endometrial pathology. Patients and methods. The study included 237 women 35–44 years with different clinical forms of endometrial pathology. A questionnaire health SF-36 is used for studying the quality of life. Results. The study of quality of life showed that patients with infertility compared with fertile women significantly higher assessed and psychological (p<0.008) and the physical component of their health (p<0.02), showed the greatest difference in emotional functioning (p<0.002). It was revealed that the longer the sterility, the worse the patients rated their physical functioning (с=-0.32, p<0.001) and mental health (с=-0.25, p<0.02), and the higher their overall health satisfaction (с=0.28, p<0.004).A subjective satisfaction with the physical and mental state is assessed. It was found that the age lowers the quality of life assessment more than a period of infertility. According to data obtained in the study of quality of life does not depend from infertility factors, but is largely determined by the presence of children. Conclusions. It is concluded that the quality of life of secondary infertile women closest to the profile of fertile women; patient late reproductive age with infertility and endometrial pathology more satisfied with their lives than fertile women with endometrial pathology similar age. Key words: endometrial pathology, late reproductive period, infertility, quality of life.
Correction of bleeding in the early stages of gestation depending on the status of the embryo and extraembryonic structures
Authors:   Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine, Kravchenko E.V.
Published: November 2020

The objective: the study of the status of the embryo and extraembryonic structures for bleeding that is not associated with the detachment of the chorion in the first trimester of gestation. Patients and methods. Were examined 34 patients in the gestational age 6-9 weeks (main group) with bleeding from the genital tract, in which, at the primary ultrasonic inspection revealed no detachment of the chorion. The control group included 30 women with uncomplicated course And trimester of gestation. The average age of the pregnant women of the main group was 25.3±3.1 years in the control group 26.4±4.3 years. All women underwent standard clinical and laboratory examination. Results. Studies have shown that prognostic markers of unfavorable development of the embryo in the early stages of pregnancy bleeding not related to chorion detachment was not detected. For the purpose of hemostasis in pregnant of the main group of prescribed drugs traneksamic acid 0.25 mg 3-4 times a day for 3 days. Traneksam – antifbrinolytic tool is able to block not only plasminogen, and plasmin that has already formed. It also stimulates the synthesis of collagen, through which increases the elasticity of the fibrin clot. Pregnant women in both groups received vitamin E 1 capsule per day magnesium products, Magnicum 1 tablet 3 times a day, folic acid 400 micrograms per day. Assessing clinical signs of disease in dynamics of treatment, it should be noted that the hemostasis in the main group was achieved in an average of 2.3±0.7 days. Conclusion. Bleeding in early gestation, not connected with the detachment of the chorion, the use of Traneksam provides fast absolute hemostasis, which in turn contributes to the normalization of tone of the uterus and the physiological course of placentation. Key words: bleeding in early pregnancy, the chorion detachment, hemostasis, hemostatic therapy, Traneksam.
Clinical efficacy of topical use of vaginal suppositories Proteflazid® in the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of mild and moderate degree caused by the human papilloma virus
Authors:   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, Godlevskaya N.A. , Starover A.V. ,   National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
Published: November 2020

The objective: to study the effectiveness of topical vaginal suppositories Proteflazid® in the form of monotherapy for CIN-the I-II, caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV). Patients and methods. The study involved 50 women with cervical pathology caused by various strains of human papillomavirus (HPV). All the women were examined and treated in Vinnytsia city clinical hospital № 1. PAP test based on liquid-based cytology, determining proliferation markers HPV genotyping quantitative estimation, determination of the status of the vagina biocenosis bacterioscopy vaginal discharge performed in the laboratory Synevo. Results. Own clinical experience vaginal suppositories Proteflazid® as monotherapy for the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia mild to moderate from HPV infection, the complex evaluation of clinical efficacy based on the study of patients complaints, PAP-test based on liquid-based cytology, proliferation markers p16 and Ki- 67, viral load, colposcopy and results of histological examination of altered cervical sites showed a positive therapeutic effect with suppositories, which resulted in 96% of women achieved complete regression of disease, and 4% marked shift in the CIN-II CIN-I. Conclusion. The positive effect of the drug on the state of the vagina Proteflazid® microbiocenosis, good tolerability, ease of use and lack of side effects give reason for its use in the health care system. Key words: CIN-I-II, papillomavirus infection, suppositories Proteflazid®.
The poetics of recorded time
Authors: Long Paul
Published: November 2020

This article explores how the possibilities of historical thinking are particularly unimpeded across a wealth of practices circulated around and in popular music. These possibilities are expressed in and about the creative form, mediation, reception and preservation of popular music to the degree that one might speak of a rhetorical imaginary or poetics of history. Extending beyond disciplinary horizons and expectations, this poetics is productive for listening again to and with popular music as historical source and as a conduit to a broader understanding of the past. This poetics is of particular interest in light of what the article identifies as a broad ‘historical turn’ in popular music which demands reflection. In response, the article seeks to explore the way in which recordings work as source, in, of and from history to prompt discussion around the historiographical consciousness of popular music studies. It does this by using encounters with a recording of ‘Some of These Days’ in Sartre’s novel Nausea as an illustration of the longestablished nature of the poetics discussed in the context of new questions presented by the contemporary ‘turn’.
Andrew Robson, Austral Jazz: The Localization of a Global Music Form in Sydney.
Authors: Foran Sean
Published: November 2020

Andrew Robson, Austral Jazz: The Localization of a Global Music Form in Sydney. London and New York: Routledge, 2020. 153 pp. ISBN 978-1-138-31602-7 (hbk).
Nuevo estudio tomográfico y radiológico de dos reptiles del Museo de Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad de Navarra y un bronce de gato egipcio, envuelto en lino momificado
Authors: Mangado Alonso Maria Luz
Published: November 2020

La radiología y tomografía aplicada a la investigación de momias de animales nos aporta una valiosa información sobre diferentes aspectos: conocer los diversos tejidos y capas de vendajes; determinar la existencia de amuletos en el interior de los animales; precisar la datación de las momias; analizar las técnicas de conservación y de la anatomía animal; conocer la existencia de elementos internos si los hubiere. Los animales examinados han sido una cría de cocodrilo del Nilo y un reptil americano con un proceso de embalsamamiento particular relleno de papiro. El estudio se ha completado con un bronce de gato envuelto en lino momificado. Con este nuevo trabajo son 21 animales estudiados en la Universidad de Navarra desde 2009.
Will the European Green Deal Make Agriculture More Sustainable?
Authors: Blake Robin
Published: November 2020

The concept of sustainable agriculture involves meeting society?s current food and material needs without compromising the ability of future generations to do the same, and is a core theme of the green deal. Sustainability is closely linked to resilience, i.e. the capacity of food systems
over time to provide sufficient, adequate, and accessible food to all, in the face of various and even unforeseen challenges. Food systems cannot expect to be resilient to challenges such as climate change and COVID-19 if they are not sustainable. Historically, solutions to produce more food
sustainably focussed on bringing more land into agriculture, exploiting new or underutilised resources, and adopting new technologies. However, it is now recognised that we need to do more with less, and use what we have wisely and with the best scientific and ecological investments, especially
in Europe. Pressures on land use from a growing population to build houses, transport, and infrastructure, as well as protecting habitats for recreation and biodiversity, mean that simply finding more agricultural land is not an option.
Implementación de una estrategia de concientización de los riesgos en Bogotá para la población adolescente
Authors: Romero Romero Natalia , Estrada Quintero Diana , Guzmán Useche Hugo Armando
Published: November 2020

En ocasiones las condiciones de los contratos de seguros son de difícil comprensión y, en consecuencia, los individuos creen que asegurar su vida y la de su familia, así como proteger sus propiedades (como la vivienda) no es necesario, esta percepción del riesgo afecta el desempeño del sector asegurador (García, 2013).

De ahí que sea preciso entender y crear conciencia sobre los riesgos a los que está diariamente expuesta una ciudad como Bogotá, y otorgar al tema la importancia que requiere. Pero este entendimiento es una responsabilidad de todos y, para ello, se debe pensar en una formación sobre riesgos enfocada en los adolescentes entre los 15 y 17 años. La presente investigación se centra en esta población por dos razones: la primera, porque es necesario que a esta edad exista un grado de madurez y responsabilidad mayor para asumir y asimilar la información que van a recibir y, la segunda, porque son personas que están a punto de terminar su bachillerato y empezaran a tomar sus propias decisiones sobre su vida, por ello, se busca que la determinación de cuidar su vida y su patrimonio sea un aspecto primordial.

El estudio ejecutó un ejercicio estadístico sobre los diferentes eventos a nivel de riesgos que se han presentado en la ciudad de Bogotá, con el fin de entender su impacto, severidad y consecuencias en la sociedad. Posteriormente, se argumentó la importancia de los seguros desde un punto de vista cultural y de inversión y se evaluaron las opiniones de esos adolescentes al respecto mediante encuesta. Este proceso se complementó con la técnica de entrevista a un líder del sector asegurador. Los resultados sirvieron de base para presentar una propuesta sobre un Programa de identificación, clasificación y prevención de riesgos pensada para los estudiantes de 10° y 11°.
La decisión sobre relocalización: ¿alternativa rentable o amenaza de supervivencia? Estudio de caso empresa: muelles y frenos Rincón Ltda
Authors: Rincón Villamil Diana Marcela , Ramírez Rivera Olga Lucía , Mendez Pinzón Manuel
Published: November 2020

En el presente estudio de caso se analizará la empresa Muelles y llantas Rincón Ltda. cuya actividad principal se basa en el servicio de mantenimiento preventivo y correctivo de vehículos de carga, realizando un análisis sobre los aspectos que le impactarían la decisión que pueda tomar el gerente de la compañía al decidir sobre la ubicación actual de su empresa.

En el mes de agosto del año 2017, el  señor Rincón  recibe una llamada del dueño de la Bodega donde está funcionando la empresa Muelles y frenos Rincón Ltda, la cual tiene rentada, en dicha llamada se le solicita la entrega del inmueble antes del 31 de Diciembre del mismo año, bodega  que  estaba arrendada por el señor Rincón por más de 19 años y donde ha ejercido su actividad por el mismo tiempo, al señor Rincón esta noticia le preocupa ya que en esta bodega  fue donde surgió su empresa Muelles y frenos Rincón Ltda y donde con mucho esfuerzo compro sus primeras herramientas para operar y construir así su capital. Adicionalmente le preocupa el futuro de sus trabajadores ya que son 10 familias que prácticamente dependen económicamente de la empresa.

El señor Rincon enfrenta una disyuntiva que consiste en decidir cuál va a ser el futuro de su empresa y definir la nueva ubicación y los impactos que puede traer su decisión.
A novel economic-filter for evaluating sub-Saharan diamondiferous kimberlites
Authors: Leach P. , von der Heyden B.P. , Ravenscroft P.
Published: November 2020

SYNOPSIS Because of their high degree of geological complexity, kimberlite-hosted diamond deposits are exceedingly difficult to evaluate for economic viability. Accordingly, standard mineral asset evaluation protocols (e.g., the Cost-, Market-, and Income Approaches defined in the SAMREC Code) may not hold sufficient predictive abilities for these deposit types, especially at the early stages of exploration. Here we present a novel tool, a cost filter approach towards preliminary evaluation of economic viability of southern African kimberlite-hosted diamond deposits, using the AK6 and BK11 diamond deposits from the Orapa diamond field as case studies. The development of this cost filter is underpinned by elements of both the Market Approach (i.e., comparisons to similar deposits) and the Income Approach (i.e., use of net present value (NPV) calculations) for mineral asset evaluation. Importantly, the cost filter is constrained through modification of only two primary variables (the average diamond value and the diamond grade) and thus differs significantly from other cost filters that rely on estimation and assumptions for every parameter input into an NPV calculation. The cost filter correctly predicts the sub-economic status of the BK11 diamond pipe, and is thus presented as a useful geo-economic tool for early stage kimberlite evaluation within the local southern African context. The approach and its theoretical underpinning foreseeably hold vast potential for use in the economic evaluation of other ore commodities, particularly where socio-economic and political risk factors can be negated by employing a geographic constraint. Keywords: diamond, economic viability, kimberlites, southern Africa, cost models filter.
The Abundant Niche-centroid Hypothesis: Key Points About Unfilled Niches and the Potential Use of Supraspecfic Modeling Units
Authors: Yañez Carlos , Martín Gerardo , Osorio-Olvera Luis , Escobar-Luján Jazmín , Castaño-Quintero Sandra , Chiappa-Carrara Xavier , Martínez-Meyer Enrique
Published: November 2020

Correlative estimates of fundamental niches are gaining momentum as an alternative to predict species’ abundances, particularly via the abundant niche-centroid hypothesis (an expected inverse relationship between species’ abundance variation across its range and the distance to the geometric centroid of its multidimensional ecological niche). The main goal of this review is to recapitulate what has been done, where we are now, and where should we move towards in regards to this hypothesis. Despite evidence in support of the abundance-distance to niche centroid relationship, its usefulness has been highly debated, although with little consideration of the underlying theory regarding the circumstances that might break down the relationship. We address some key points about the conditions needed to test the hypothesis in correlative studies, specifically in relation to nichecharacterization and configurations of the Biotic-Abiotic-Mobility (BAM) framework to illustrate the problem of unfilled niches. Using a created supraspecific modeling unit, we show that species for which only a portion of their fundamental niche is represented in their area of historical accessibility (M)—i.e., when the environmental equilibrium condition is violated—it is impossible to characterize their true niche centroid. Therefore, we strongly recommend to analyze this assumption prior toassess the abundant niche-centroid hypothesis. Finally, we discuss the potential of using modeling units above the species level for cases in which environmental conditions associated with species’ occurrences may not be sufficient to fully characterize their fundamental niches.
Weighing the Evidence for the Abundant-Center Hypothesis
Authors: Dallas Tad A. , Santini Luca , Decker Robin , Hastings Alan
Published: November 2020

The abundant-center hypothesis posits that species density should be highest in the center of the geographic range or climatic niche of a species, based on the idea that the center of either will be the area with the highest demographic performance (e.g., greater fecundity, survival, or carrying capacity). While intuitive, current support for the hypothesis is quite mixed. Here, we discuss the current state of the abundant-center hypothesis, highlighting the relatively low level of support for the relationship. We then discuss the potential reasons for this lack of empirical support, emphasizing the inherent ecological complexity which may prevent the observation of the abundant-center in natural systems. This includes the role of non-equilibrial population dynamics, species interactions, landscape structure, and dispersal processes, as well as variable data quality and inconsistent methodology. The incorporation of this complexity into studies of the distribution of species densities in geographic or niche space may underlie the limited empirical support for the abundant-center hypothesis. We end by discussing potentially fruitful research avenues. Most notably, we highlight the need for theoretical development and controlled experimental testing of the abundant-center hypothesis.
Montessori Middle School and the Transition to High School
Authors: Lapon Elizabeth
Published: November 2020

This narrative study investigated through storytelling the experiences of five students who attended a Montessori middle school and then transitioned to a public high school. The testimonies of the participants highlighted that, to help students make a successful transition to high school, it is useful to consider three elements: (a) developing academic and social-emotional skills, (b) fostering positive attitudes toward learning, and (c) creating opportunities to practice self-reliance, self-advocacy, and grit. The experience of these particular students accentuates the ability of a Montessori middle school to emphasize both academic rigor and the social-emotional skills that build the fortitude necessary for students to successfully transition to high school. This study suggests that Montessori middle school practices may foster the intellectual and emotional growth of students so that they can successfully transition to high school and are potentially buffered from many of the detrimental academic and emotional impacts of ninth grade.
Competencias comunicativas mediadas en estudiantes universitarios mayores. Alfabetización tecnológica como experiencia innovadora / Mediated communication skills in Senior University Students. Technological Literacy as an innovative experience
Authors: García González Alfonso Javier , Bohórquez Gómez-Millán María Rocío , Rubio Rubio Laura
Published: November 2020

La globalización ha supuesto un cambio en los estilos de interacción comunicativa, cada vez más mediada digitalmente. Por ello, aquellos que encuentran dificultades en el acceso o manejo de las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (personas situadas en la brecha digital) se encuentran en claro riesgo de exclusión social. El colectivo de personas mayores debe adquirir competencias de manejo de estas herramientas como recurso para el envejecimiento activo. Los programas Universitarios de Mayores pueden ser un recurso para la adquisición y entrenamiento de competencias digitales; en este contexto, se describe una experiencia de entrenamiento de competencias de alfabetización digital mediante aprendizaje colaborativo con una metodología de Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas. Los resultados de la intervención muestran que los mayores pueden aprender y aprenden competencias para la identificación de contenidos a adquirir, su búsqueda en la red, análisis y manejo; así como competencias de empleo sistemático adecuado de herramientas de comunicación interpersonal electrónicamente mediadas. En este proceso de aprendizaje, las tutorías virtuales constituyen un poderoso recurso para estos estudiantes. La evaluación de la adquisición de competencias mediante rúbricas puede ser una herramienta accesible más allá de las baterías estandarizadas de evaluación.AbstractThe globalization has meant a change in styles of communicative interaction, increasingly digitally mediated. Therefore, those who encounter difficulties in access or use new information and communications technologies (persons located in the digital gap) are at risk of social exclusion. The group of older people must acquire competences to management these tools as a resource for active aging. Senior University Programs can be a resource for the acquisition and training of the digital competences; in this context, a training experience is described, through Problem Based Learning methodology to improve digital competences. The results show that the intervention can improve that skills related to identifying contents to adquire, search at the net, analysis the data and management it; even, appropriate and systematic use of electronically mediated interpersonal communication tools can be enhanced. In this learning process, virtual tutorials are a powerful resource for these students. Evaluation the acquisition of competences by templates is accessible beyond the standardized assessment tools.
The efficacy of albumin with diuretics in the mechanically ventilated patients with hypoalbuminemia : systematic review and meta-analysis v1
Authors: Itagaki Yuki , Yoshida Naofumi , Yamada Kohei , Banno Masahiro , Momosaki Ryo , Hayakawa Mineji , Kataoka Yuki
Published: November 2020

Hypoproteinemia is significantly correlated with fluid overload, development of ARDS and mortality[1, 2]. According to a large European observational study, a positive fluid balance is one of the factors for death (OR 1.1, 95%CI 1.0-1.1, p-value 0.001)[3]. Thus, to achieve the improvement of systemic status and increase ventilator free days, reducing fluid volume is essential[4]. So far, the effect of albumin with the diuresis in hypoalbuminemia has been investigated in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs)[5-9]. Furthermore, a systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that the effect of albumin was limited only to transient improvements of urine volume[10]. However, this analysis did not investigate the mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Although a systematic review in 2014 was conducted to investigate that colloids could improve diuresis in patients mechanically ventilated, this review did not include recent RCTs[11]. Thus, we still don't have a clear answer for the improvement of the haemodynamic stability, mortality or ventilator free days. Our aim is to clarify the benefit of albumin administration for the mechanically ventilated patients in combination with the diuresis in this systematic review and meta-analysis.
Role and effects of zinc supplementation in HIV-infected patients with immunovirological discordance: A randomized, double blind, case control study. v1
Authors: Silva Macarena , G Montes Carmen , Canals Andrea , J Mackenna Maria , Wolff Marcelo
Published: November 2020

It has been estimated that between 15% and 18% of patients who start antiretroviral therapy (ART) do not achieve a successful immune recovery despite complete virological suppression. In the literature this phenomenom is known as poor immune recovery or immunovirological discordance (IVD). Zinc has an immunomodulatory role associated with T lymphocytes and its supplementation could enhance immune recovery. OBJECTIVE:to determine if zinc supplementation on IVD patients prevents immune failure after 12 months of supplementation. Secondary objectives were to determine serum zinc levels in HIV patients with and without IVD and the frequency of hypozincemia in discordant patients.METHOD: we reviewed the historical record of patients under care at Arriarán Foundation. Following inclusion criteria were defined: 1) age>18 years, 2) standard ART (three effective drugs) for at least 18 months, 3) virologically suppressed for 12 months, 3) persistence of CD4 count<200 cells/mm3and/or increase<80 cells/mm3after one year of viral undetectability. A control group was assigned paired 1:1 by sex, age (+2 years) that did achieved an increase of CD4> 350 cells/ mm3. In both groups plasma zinc levels were determined. In a later phase, patients with IVD were randomized to receive zinc (15 mg daily) versus placebo. Patients were followed for 12 months with CD4 count, viral load and zinc levels determinations every 4-6 months. RESULTS: a total of 80 patients, 40 patients with IVD criteria and 40 controls were included. 92.5% were men, and age average was47.5years. The median baseline CD4 was189cells/mm3(71-258) in the cases vs.552.5cells/ mm3(317-400) in the controlgroup with a total increase at the end of the study of 34 cell/mm3and 30 cell/mm3respectively.There was no difference in baseline plasma zinc levels between both groups (81.7 + 18.1in cases versus86.2 + 11.0in controls).In the 40 patients with IVD, the median absolute increase in CD4 after annual zinc supplementation was31.5cells/mm3in the treated group versus50cells/mm3in the placebo group, this difference being statistically not significant(p = 0.382).CONCLUSIONS: Patients with IVD have plasma zinc levels similar to those who achieve adequate immune recovery.Zinc supplementation in IVD patients showed a statistically non-significant increase in CD4 levelsbetween cases and controls. The results warrant a comparative study with a larger number of patients.
Pattern Reversal and Flash Visual Evoked Potentials in Patients with Migraine and Tension-Type Headache
Authors: ÖZTÜRK İlker , FİDANCI Halit
Published: November 2020

Objective: Migraine and tension-type headache (TTH) are the most common primary headaches. It was aimed to obtain information about the pathophysiology of these primary headaches by performing visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to patients with migraine and TTH.
Material and Methods: Healthy individuals, episodic migraine, and episodic TTH patients were included in this prospective study. Pattern reversal and flash VEPs were performed to all participants. VEP was applied while the patients were in the interictal period. In addition, headache severity of migraine and TTH patients were analyzed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
Results: Thirty-one healthy individuals, 27 TTH patients, and 31 migraine patients were included in the study. Age and gender were not different between the groups (p>0.05). VAS scores of migraine patients (8.0±1.2) were higher than those of TTH patients (6.5±1.1) (p <0.001). The mean right/left P100 wave latencies of control, TTH, and migraine patients were 89.8±7.5/91.0 ± 6.2, 91.0±4.9/91.3±5.2, 97.6±8.1/97.1±7.5 ms, respectively. The mean right/left P2 wave latencies of control, TTH, and migraine patients were 104.7±15.9/104.8±14.5, 98.6±11.5/98.7±10.8, 115.5±16.3/118.3±6.2 ms, respectively. The latencies of P100, P2, N3, and P3 waves in migraine group were higher than those in TTH and control groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed that migraine patients had higher VEP latencies than controls and episodic TTH patients. These findings may indicate that central mechanisms as well as peripheral mechanisms play a role in the pathophysiology of migraine and that episodic TTH originates from peripheral tissues.
CINCO LIÇÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO ESCOLAR NO PÓS COVID-19
Authors: Silva Bento Duarte da , Ribeirinha Teresa
Published: November 2020

Este texto aborda a experiência educativa, vivida em Portugal, na sequência da pandemia provocada pelo coronavírus. Com o encerramento das escolas toda a educação escolar presencial foi interrompida transitando as atividades de ensino-aprendizagem para o mundo digital, processo que designamos de educação a distância (EaD) emergencial. Este estudo pretende responder a duas questões: (1) de que forma está a decorrer o processo de EaD emergencial? (2) Que implicações se podem retirar desta experiência educativa para os tempos pós pandemia? Perante o isolamento social, e sendo a comunidade em estudo constituída por professores, alunos e encarregados de educação, recorremos ao método da netnográfia que permite uma pesquisa observacional participante baseada em trabalho de campo online. As fontes de coleta de dados foram diversas, analisaram-se depoimentos nos media, participações em webinares e aulas online, com dinâmicas multifacetadas de observação, desde o modo “silencioso” ao mais “imersivo”. Os resultados indicam que a experiência educativa está a decorrer de forma bastante heterogénea em consequência dos diferentes níveis de apropriação das tecnologias digitais dos docentes e das desigualdades digitais dos alunos. Reconhecida a importância da integração das tecnologias digitais nas ações curriculares, prevê-se, que para os tempos pós pandemia, a inclusão digital seja uma das prioridades da escola, bem como a convergência da educação presencial e a distância.
RELEVÂNCIA E LIMITAÇÕES DO ENSINO DO MANDARIM EM PORTUGAL: UMA BREVE ANÁLISE
Authors: Zhang Yuxiong , Moreira António
Published: November 2020

O presente estudo tem como principal escopo evidenciar a importância e as limitações existentes no ensino do Mandarim em Portugal com base num estudo específico referente aos estudantes do segundo ano do curso de Línguas e Relações Empresariais da Universidade de Aveiro. À visto disso, um questionário elementar foi aplicado com os objetivos principais de conceber o motivo de aprendizagem dos estudantes, investigar a possibilidade do uso da língua-alvo na sua rotina quotidiana e compreender a sua consciência do uso de múltiplas estratégias. Os resultados indicaram que o domínio do Mandarim é importante para a empregabilidade em Portugal no contexto de hoje. Contudo, a sua aprendizagem ainda se mantém na memorização da gramática e caracteres e muitos estudantes não estão conscientes da importância do uso da língua-alvo no contexto social, relevando, portanto, a necessidade de prestar atenção à criação das competências orais no ensino e inovação dos materiais didáticos.
The elemental composition of Hypericum perforatum plants sampled in environmentally different habitats by the example of West Siberia
Authors:   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry SB RAS, Siromlya Tatyana I. , Zagurskaya Yulia V. ,   Federal Research Center on Coal and Coal Chemistry SB RAS “Institute of Human Ecology”, Bayandina Irina I. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University
Published: November 2020

Medicinal plants can amass chemical elements in their tissues due to their ability to tolerate potentially toxic ions in the environment. The Hypericum perforatum L. plants were cultivated in three regions of West Siberia (Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Kam­ lak Village (Altai Republic)). Elemental analysis was conducted by atomic emission spectrometry. Chemical elements extractable with 10% HCl were assayed by atomic absorption spectrometry. The concentrations of Co, Ni, Cu and Zn have been relatively stable. The coefficients of biogeochemical mobility of Cd, Cu and Zn had high rates, which confirm the possibility of accumulation of these elements in H. perforatum. The concentration of chemical elements in extracts (10 % HCl) was increased as well as their total contents, the degree of extraction was highest for K, Ni, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg (90 % or more), the minimum for Na (20–40 %) and significantly changed in environmentally different habitats.
Cupressinoxylon klimovii Blokhina, nom. nov. ‒ a new species name replacing Cupressinoxylon biotoides Blokhina, 1989 (Cupressaceae)
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, Blokhina Nadezhda I.
Published: November 2020

A new replacement species name Cupressinoxylon klimovii Blokhina nom. nov. is pro- posed instead of Cupressinoxylon biotoides Blokhina.
UKRAINIAN DEPUTIES IN THE FIGHT FOR THE SOLVING OF EDUCATIONAL ISSUES IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE II STATE DUMA OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
Authors: Domoroslyi Valentyn
Published: November 2020

In the article the activities of Ukrainian parliamentary community of the II Russian State Duma concerning solving the issues of national education in Ukraine are analyzed.
O COMBATE À CORRUPÇÃO NO BRASIL E OS LIMITES DO GARANTISMO PENAL
Authors: Araújo Nilton Guilherme Pereira , Barbosa Ycarim Melgaço
Published: November 2020

A corrupção no Brasil é um dos assuntos de maior relevo na atualidade. Contudo, é recente a inserção de leis ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro visando o combate à corrupção. A sociedade pulsa por relações incorruptas, mas, certamente, não ao dissabor do segregacionismo e garantismo judicial parcial. Ainda que a ciência jurídica não seja equação exata, aponta-se necessário contrapor as investigações e as respectivas decisões judiciais, na tentativa de identificar influências ideológicas aos atores juristas.
PLANOS DIRETORES (1992 E 2007), ÁREAS DE ESPECIAL INTERESSE SOCIAL E ADENSAMENTO URBANO EM GOIÂNIA
Authors: Vilarinho Luana Chaves
Published: November 2020

A pesquisa tem por enfoque analisar o período de 1992 a 2007, com o objetivo de entender quais foram as mudanças ocorridas entre os Planos Diretores, tendo em vista que foram os instrumentos municipais desenvolvidos a partir dos princípios da constituinte de 1988, que trouxe à tona a discussão sobre a função social da cidade, culminando, em 2001, com o Estatuto das Cidades. Partindo dos estudos urbanos, têm-se como objeto de estudo os bairros Jd. Goiás, Jd. Atlântico e Parque Amazônia. Objetivo: a partir dos Planos Diretores de 1992 e de 2007 pretende-se avaliar a expansão de Goiânia entre esses dois Planos. Avaliar também o papel da legislação na reestruturação urbana a partir de 1992, caracterizando a condição urbana contemporânea. Método: estudar textos de fundamentação, assim como fazer levantamentos dos documentos existentes nos órgãos públicos a fim de constituir a cartografia e historiografia das áreas de estudo. Cartografar as características da condição urbana contemporânea com a contribuição dos referidos autores visando, identificar o tempo de cada processo de reestruturação urbana, bem como as suas consequências para a produção do espaço urbano atual. Elaborar diagramas que revelam cronologicamente os momentos de ocupação que incitaram mudanças. Analisar os mapas presentes no diagnóstico dos PDIG de 1992 e de 2007. Resultados: o PDIG de 1992 visou o desenvolvimento das funções sociais da cidade. Suas diretrizes reforçaram alguns aspectos do PDIG anterior: ocupação da região sudoeste e a criação de novas centralidades. Observou-se que a expansão pretendida no PDIG de 1969 corroborou para a fragmentação do território. Os bairros Jd. Goiás, Jd. Atlântico e Parque Amazônia tiveram atuações relativamente diferentes um dos outros nos quesitos expansão, crescimento e densidade durante as décadas de 1990-2010. O PDIG de 2007, adotou o modelo de cidade compacta, seguindo os preceitos do Novo Urbanismo, resultando no estímulo à verticalização. Tomou os corredores de transporte coletivo como componentes estruturantes do modelo de ocupação urbana. Conclusão: as diretrizes do PDIG de 1992, reforçaram alguns aspectos do PDIG anterior: ocupação da região sudoeste e a criação de novas centralidades. Teve como uma de suas características principais a proposta de direcionar o crescimento da malha urbana para a região sudoeste. O PDIG de 2007, indicou a necessidade do crescimento urbano estar associado à dinâmica de sua ocupação concêntrica em paralelo à sua indução a sudoeste.