FORMATION OF DIALOGICAL SPEAKING SKILLS AS A COMPONENT OF SPEECH CULTURE OF YOUNGER SCHOOL PUPILS
Authors: Hordienko O. 
Published: December 2024

The successfulness of the child, their ability to work in a team acquires important importance in the conditions of modernization of the education system in Ukraine, aimed at adaptation to global changes and challenges of the times. It directly depends on how well the child speaks the language. Well-developed speech is a reliable means of communication for children, which affects their general development and is the basis for the development of thinking, the growth of a personality, the formation of their worldview, the ability to build relationships with others and future self-realization in society largely depends on the level of speech development. A constituent component of speech development is the development of dialogic speech and teaching speech culture. Communication through dialogue requires considerable effort on the part of the student, concentration, attention, and compliance with all norms of the literary language. Therefore, our research is aimed at optimizing the process of speech development of primary school students, particularly the problem of dialogic speech development, which is becoming more and more relevant. The article is devoted to topical issues of formation of dialogic speech skills with the aim of formation of speech competence of students of education in Ukrainian language classes. The purpose of the article is to highlight the main issues of work on dialogue as a component of the speech culture of an education seeker in Ukrainian language lessons in primary school. In the process of performing the assigned tasks, theoretical research methods were used: analysis and synthesis of methodical sources from the research problem; method of theoretical forecasting for determining the object, subject, goal and tasks of research. Scientific novelty: for the first time, the problem of formation of dialogical speech skills was analyzed in detail and summarized in the context of designing and implementing a complex of special dialogue training exercises for primary school students.
Practical significance: the obtained results are briefly summarized; it is recommended to implement a set of exercises in the educational process for the formation of dialogic speaking skills of younger schoolchildren in Ukrainian language lessons. The article presents an analysis of the concept of "dialogic speech" and characterizes the linguistic aspects of the definition of the concept of "dialogic speech". The author of the article notes that immediacy and personalization of dialogic speech are the leading properties of dialogic speech and outlines ways of transmitting information by paralinguistic means during dialogue, describes a set of exercises for forming dialogic speech skills in Ukrainian language classes. The results of the study showed that a set of exercises aimed at teaching dialogue contribute to the formation of speech competence, improvement of the communicative qualities of speech, and an increase in the level of speech culture of younger schoolchildren. The methodical principles of involving a set of dialogue training exercises in Ukrainian language lessons in primary school are scientifically substantiated; it is proved that the specified complex can be introduced into the educational process, used to improve programs and textbooks. Prospects for further research in this field are also outlined. The materials of the article can be used to improve the methods of teaching the Ukrainian language in primary school.