bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
App-Based Versus Standard Six-Minute Walk Test in Pulmonary Hypertension: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Salvi Dario , Poffley Emma , Tarassenko Lionel , Orchard Elizabeth
Published: April 2021

Background

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature that can lead to heart failure and premature death. Assessment of patients with PAH includes performing a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in clinics. We developed a smartphone app to compute the walked distance (6MWD) indoors, by counting U-turns, and outdoors, by using satellite positioning.

Objective

The goal of the research was to assess (1) accuracy of the indoor 6MWTs in clinical settings, (2) validity and test-retest reliability of outdoor 6MWTs in the community, (3) compliance, usability, and acceptance of the app, and (4) feasibility of pulse oximetry during 6MWTs.

Methods

We tested the app on 30 PAH patients over 6 months. Patients were asked to perform 3 conventional 6MWTs in clinic while using the app in the indoor mode and one or more app-based 6MWTs in outdoor mode in the community per month.

Results

Bland-Altman analysis of 70 pairs of conventional versus app-based indoor 6MWDs suggests that the app is sometimes inaccurate (14.6 m mean difference, lower and upper limit of agreement: –133.35 m to 162.55 m). The comparison of 69 pairs of conventional 6MWDs and community-based outdoor 6MWDs within 7 days shows that community tests are strongly related to those performed in clinic (correlation 0.89), but the interpretation of the distance should consider that differences above the clinically significant threshold are not uncommon. Analysis of 89 pairs of outdoor tests performed by the same patient within 7 days shows that community-based tests are repeatable (intraclass correlation 0.91, standard error of measurement 36.97 m, mean coefficient of variation 12.45%). Questionnaires and semistructured interviews indicate that the app is usable and well accepted, but motivation to use it could be affected if the data are not used for clinical decision, which may explain low compliance in 52% of our cohort. Analysis of pulse oximetry data indicates that conventional pulse oximeters are unreliable if used during a walk.

Conclusions

App-based outdoor 6MWTs in community settings are valid, repeatable, and well accepted by patients. More studies would be needed to assess the benefits of using the app in clinical practice.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04633538; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04633538
Weight Loss Trajectories and Related Factors in a 16-Week Mobile Obesity Intervention Program: Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Ho Heon , Kim Youngin , Michaelides Andreas , Park Yu Rang
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

In obesity management, whether patients lose ≥5% of their initial weight is a critical factor in clinical outcomes. However, evaluations that take only this approach are unable to identify and distinguish between individuals whose weight changes vary and those who steadily lose weight. Evaluation of weight loss considering the volatility of weight changes through a mobile-based intervention for obesity can facilitate understanding of an individual’s behavior and weight changes from a longitudinal perspective.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to use a machine learning approach to examine weight loss trajectories and explore factors related to behavioral and app use characteristics that induce weight loss.

METHODS

We used the lifelog data of 13,140 individuals enrolled in a 16-week obesity management program on the health care app Noom in the United States from August 8, 2013, to August 8, 2019. We performed k-means clustering with dynamic time warping to cluster the weight loss time series and inspected the quality of clusters with the total sum of distance within the clusters. To identify use factors determining clustering assignment, we longitudinally compared weekly use statistics with effect size on a weekly basis.

RESULTS

The initial average BMI value for the participants was 33.6 (SD 5.9) kg/m2, and it ultimately reached 31.6 (SD 5.7) kg/m2. Using the weight log data, we identified five clusters: cluster 1 (sharp decrease) showed the highest proportion of participants who reduced their weight by >5% (7296/11,295, 64.59%), followed by cluster 2 (moderate decrease). In each comparison between clusters 1 and 3 (yo-yo) and clusters 2 and 3, although the effect size of the difference in average meal record adherence and average weight record adherence was not significant in the first week, it peaked within the initial 8 weeks (Cohen d>0.35) and decreased after that.

CONCLUSIONS

Using a machine learning approach and clustering shape-based time series similarities, we identified 5 weight loss trajectories in a mobile weight management app. Overall adherence and early adherence related to self-monitoring emerged as potential predictors of these trajectories.
Automating Large-scale Health Care Service Feedback Analysis: Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling Study (Preprint)
Authors: Alexander George , Bahja Mohammed , Butt Gibran Farook
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Obtaining patient feedback is an essential mechanism for health care service providers to assess their quality and effectiveness. Unlike assessments of clinical outcomes, feedback from patients offers insights into their lived experiences. The Department of Health and Social Care in England via National Health Service Digital operates a patient feedback web service through which patients can leave feedback of their experiences in structured and free-text report forms. Free-text feedback, compared with structured questionnaires, may be less biased by the feedback collector and, thus, more representative; however, it is harder to analyze in large quantities and challenging to derive meaningful, quantitative outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to build a novel data analysis and interactive visualization pipeline accessible through an interactive web application to facilitate the interrogation of and provide unique insights into National Health Service patient feedback.

METHODS

This study details the development of a text analysis tool that uses contemporary natural language processing and machine learning models to analyze free-text clinical service reviews to develop a robust classification model and interactive visualization web application. The methodology is based on the design science research paradigm and was conducted in three iterations: a sentiment analysis of the patient feedback corpus in the first iteration, topic modeling (unigram and bigram)–based analysis for topic identification in the second iteration, and nested topic modeling in the third iteration that combines sentiment analysis and topic modeling methods. An interactive data visualization web application for use by the general public was then created, presenting the data on a geographic representation of the country, making it easily accessible.

RESULTS

Of the 11,103 possible clinical services that could be reviewed across England, 2030 (18.28%) different services received a combined total of 51,845 reviews between October 1, 2017, and September 30, 2019. Dominant topics were identified for the entire corpus followed by negative- and positive-sentiment topics in turn. Reviews containing high- and low-sentiment topics occurred more frequently than reviews containing less polarized topics. Time-series analysis identified trends in topic and sentiment occurrence frequency across the study period.

CONCLUSIONS

Using contemporary natural language processing techniques, unstructured text data were effectively characterized for further analysis and visualization. An efficient pipeline was successfully combined with a web application, making automated analysis and dissemination of large volumes of information accessible. This study represents a significant step in efforts to generate and visualize useful, actionable, and unique information from free-text patient reviews.
Restrukturisasi kognitif untuk mengurangi gejala kecemasan pada wanita yang mengalami premenopause
Authors: Afradipta Debby
Published: April 2021

The subject is 45 years old women who have been divorced since 2013. She has a problem in the form of negative thoughts that lead to symptoms of anxiety and always appear in her life. The assessment methods used were observation, interview, psychological test (WAIS, Graphic, SSCT, and Beck Anxiety Scale). The intervention given is Cognitive Therapy using Cognitive Restructuring techniques. The goal is to reduce the symptoms of anxiety experienced by the subject. After giving the intervention for 6 sessions, she was able to change her views and perceptions with more positive thoughts.
Quantum Algorithm for Simulating Hamiltonian Dynamics with an Off-diagonal Series Expansion
Authors: Kalev Amir , Hen Itay
Published: April 2021

We propose an efficient quantum algorithm for simulating the dynamics of general Hamiltonian systems. Our technique is based on a power series expansion of the time-evolution operator in its off-diagonal terms. The expansion decouples the dynamics due to the diagonal component of the Hamiltonian from the dynamics generated by its off-diagonal part, which we encode using the linear combination of unitaries technique. Our method has an optimal dependence on the desired precision and, as we illustrate, generally requires considerably fewer resources than the current state-of-the-art. We provide an analysis of resource costs for several sample models.
Priorities of Interaction between Civil Society and the State in Combating Political Extremism in Modern Russia
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Tsybakov D.L. , Sokolov M.V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: April 2021

The problematic aspects of implementing the policy of countering extremism in modern Russia are considered. The authors point out the interconnection between the growth of extremist manifestations and the civil society development state in transitional political regimes. Conditions of interaction between state power and public associations in struggle against political radicalism are generalized and systematized.
Professional Standard Development for a Multifunctional Public Services Center Employee in Conditions of Democratic Control
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Baranov A.V. , Kotlyarova O.V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: April 2021

Results of a survey of multifunctional public services centers employees aimed at identifying the factors that determine the professional standard of MPSC specialists are analyzed. According to the authors, democratic control in the process of assessing the quality of state and municipal services is implemented not only by monitoring the satisfaction of citizens, but also as a result of an objective assessment by MPSC specialists of the quality of performing their own professional duties.
Criteria for Evaluating a Forensic Expert Report
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Vershitskaya G.V.
Published: April 2021

Criteria for a forensic expert report evaluation in criminal proceedings are considered. Modern practice of applying special knowledge for the purpose of proof in criminal cases is analyzed. Forensic experts’ report evaluation problems connected with violations of current procedural legislation and qualification level verification of state and non-state forensic experts are considered. Proposals for possible solutions to the identified problems are formulated.
Communication Aspects of Personality Self-Determination in the Online Environment
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Khoroltseva E.B. , Fedorova A.V. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: April 2021

Features of the modern state of society are analyzed: the lack of a civilizational, enlightened state, Christian culture norms leveling, life and online environment mixing. It is proved that one of the most effective ways of self-determination is self-determination with the help of communicative practices of online environment.
Company Team Organizational Culture Level and Nature Research
Authors:   Amur State University, Gnetov P.M. , Kora N.A. ,   Amur State University
Published: April 2021

The role of organizational culture as a factor of successful development and stability of the company is considered. The main approaches to the concept of organizational culture of both domestic and foreign authors are studied. Indicators of the level and nature of organizational culture on the example of Russian companies are analyzed.
VIOLENCIAS Y PAZ EN COLOMBIA: CONSIDERACIONES A PARTIR DE LA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA CÁTEDRA DE LA PAZ
Authors: Franco Sara Velásquez , Zambrano Angela Camila Ayala , Carvalho Maria Inez da Silva de Souza , De Sá Maria Roseli Gomes Brito
Published: April 2021

Las consideraciones de este artículo se construyen a partir de uno de los desafíos que enfrenta la sociedad colombiana: el trabajo que trae consigo el pos-acuerdo que resulta en Colombia después de la firma de la paz entre el Gobierno y las FARC–EP bajo la perspectiva que ofrece el estudio del Ciclo de Políticas de Stephen Ball. Para ello, la educación es considerada Institución clave para este proceso, vista como espacio de reconstrucción social, de diálogo y reconocimiento del otro (AYALA; SÁ, 2019) recibe en específico la política pública Ley 1732, llamada Cátedra de la paz, que desde nuestra lectura busca propiciar la reflexión, el conocimiento de la história colombiana, favorecer las prácticas de reconciliación y el perdón a partir del dialogo de saberes. Entender la política como texto - writerly -, discurso - readly - o explorar otras posibilidades a partir de los estudios del campo curricular, permitirá hacerle frente a las violencias en Colombia, que por años representa aceptar que la zozobra y el miedo se han instalado en pequeños y grandes contextos tanto urbanos y rurales.
SUPERAÇÃO DOS MODELOS HEGEMÔNICOS NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DO CAMPO EM CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA
Authors: Faleiro Wender , Ribeiro Geize Kelle Nunes
Published: April 2021

Objetivamos na discussão Formação crítica/conscientizadora e superação dos modelos hegemônicos na formação de professores do Campo, para atingi-lo utilizamos da análise documental dos Projetos Político-Pedagógicos dos cursos de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo com habilitação em Ciências da Natureza no Brasil. Os PPPs analisados concebem a formação crítica/conscientizadora/reflexiva capaz de transformar a realidade local, regional e nacional a partir da compreensão do contexto social, político, econômico, cultural e educacional. Os cinco PPPs analisados demonstram interesse em superar esse protótipo de formação docente, trazendo como de suma importância a especificidade da formação docente para a atuação do professor no Campo. Em face da superação da fragmentação do conhecimento, teoricamente, todos os cursos atendem a esse princípio, porque oferecem a Licenciatura em Educação do Campo por área do conhecimento.
Editorial
Authors: Mendonça Daelcio Ferreira Campos , De Souza Edmacy Quirina , Dos Santos Arlete Ramos
Published: April 2021

Editorial do primeiro número da Revista POLIGES
OS DESAFIOS DO ENSINO REMOTO NA EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO
Authors: Silva Luciene Rocha , Dos Santos Arlete Ramos , De Souza Davi Amâncio
Published: April 2021

O artigo trata de uma discussão sobre os desafios no trabalho docente no ensino remoto em tempos de pandemia e toma como base os dados da pesquisa tipo survey originada do projeto “Os desafios enfrentados pelos docentes na utilização das tecnologias educacionais por meio do ensino remoto emergencial nas atividades escolares nos municípios localizados no estado da Bahia, no contexto da pandemia do Covid-19”. A referida pesquisa foi realizada entre o período de abril e maio de 2020 e contou com a participação de 756 professores de diversos níveis e modalidades dos sistemas públicos e redes privadas de ensino. Esse trabalho foi realizado pelo grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Movimentos Sociais, Diversidade Cultural e Educação do Campo e da Cidade – GEPEMDECC/UESB. A metodologia do projeto, e sob a qual este texto está orientado, fundamenta-se no materialismo histórico dialético, o qual necessita inferir sobre questões subjacentes às realidades que emergem de um cenário histórico, econômico, político e social que incide implícita ou explicitamente na vida dos sujeitos. Como instrumento de coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário disponibilizado via plataforma eletrônica do Google e aplicado com professores. Os resultados apontam para o registro da investida na proposta de ensino remoto, ao mesmo tempo em que desvelam as fragilidades deste projeto na Educação Básica.
Análise de modelos como um método de ensino de matemática na educação básica
Authors: Sousa Emerson Silva de
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como principal objetivo apresentar uma concepção da abordagem pedagógica denominada Análise de Modelos, como um método de ensino de Matemática na Educação Básica. A construção dessa proposta se desenvolveu basicamente dentro do contexto da Modelagem Matemática, vista em geral como uma estratégia de ensino inovadora, mas que apresenta algumas dificuldades na sua implementação como atividade regular em sala de aula. A Análise de Modelos na perspectiva aqui proposta, se coloca como uma alternativa no trabalho com modelos matemáticos já existentes, advindos de variados contextos de interesse dos estudantes, que pode ser implementada com mais facilidade que a Modelagem, ao mesmo tempo que pode incentivar aqueles professores que se sentem inseguros na implementação desta, sem a preocupação de se distanciar da estrutura escolar vigente, principalmente em relação ao cumprimento do conteúdo curricular programático.
Formação docente e as relações de gênero e sexualidade no curso de Pedagogia
Authors: Cirqueira Nilson Sousa , Santana José Valdir Jesus de , Pereira Reginaldo Santos
Published: April 2021

Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado realizada em um curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), campus de Itapetinga-BA, no ano de 2019. A pesquisa teve como objetivo problematizar os discursos sobre gênero e docência a partir dos enunciados dos (as) discentes e docentes do referido curso. Como referencial teórico foram utilizados os estudos de Reis (2011), Ferreira (2013a), Hampel (2013), Castro (2014), Sales (2016), Silva (2017), Meyer (2017), Felipe e Takara (2020), dentre outros. Como técnicas de produção dos discursos foram utilizadas a entrevista semiestruturada e o grupo focal com 6 (seis) docentes (1 homem e 5 mulheres) e 10 (dez) discentes (8 mulheres e 2 homens). As perspectivas que organizam as análises amparam-se nos estudos pós-críticos das relações de gênero, sexualidade e educação. A partir das análises realizadas, constatamos que o curso de Pedagogia tem problematizado as relações de gênero e sexualidade na formação docente, no entanto, os discursos evidenciam que ainda há lacunas quando se trata dessas temáticas no currículo do curso. Além disso, os enunciados mostram que o curso não tem trabalhado de forma interdisciplinar ao tratar dos conteúdos sobre gênero e sexualidade. A investigação também revelou que discentes e docentes acenam para a necessidade de mudanças e manifestam algumas alternativas para alterar esse cenário, dentre elas, o atravessamento dessas discussões por todas as disciplinas que fazem parte da matriz curricular.
AÇÕES DO PODER PÚBLICO E DAS COMUNIDADES NA LUTA PELO FECHAMENTO DE ESCOLAS NO CARIRI PARAIBANO
Authors: Farias Danilo de Souza , Silva Maria do Socorro
Published: April 2021

O presente trabalho resulta da pesquisa de conclusão do curso de licenciatura em Educação do Campo, cujo objeto de estudo foram as ações do poder público e da comunidade no fechamento de escolas no município de Sumé (PB). A abordagem dialética contribuiu para compreender as ações realizadas no processo de fechamento e de resistência, a partir dos procedimentos de análise documental e de entrevista com os sujeitos diretamente envolvidos no processo.  Para a análise das informações usamos o método de Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011), o que contribuiu para identificar, da parte do poder público, a ênfase nos argumentos econômicos para manter a escola com poucos alunos no campo, o argumento pedagógico de que a escola seriada na sede do município melhora a qualidade da aprendizagem e o argumento do fechamento das escolas como solução para extinguir as turmas multisseriadas. No que se refere às comunidades, identificamos ações de questionar o fechamento como algo natural, a visão da escola na comunidade como direito e a compreensão da escola como um espaço coletivo de vivência cultural, social e afetiva para a comunidade.
LOS DESAFÍOS DE LA EDUCACIÓN RURAL EN TIEMPOS DE NEOLIBERALISMO, POLÍTICAS DE AJUSTE Y POBREZA
Authors: Olmos Alicia , Fernández Pablo
Published: April 2021

En este artículo nos proponemos analizar algunos efectos de las políticas neoliberales en el sector educación y, especialmente, en la educación rural.  Desde finales del primer decenio de este siglo comienza a verificarse en América Latina un desplazamiento a la derecha en los gobiernos de la región.  Luego de un comienzo de siglo que estuvo signado por un avance de gobiernos cuyas orientaciones generales pueden agruparse bajo la imprecisa designación de progresistas, gobiernos que buscaron ampliar el espacio de derechos de los pueblos, mejorar la distribución del ingreso, universalizar los servicios e incrementar la participación del sector educación en el PIB, se pasó a un proceso de restauración conservadora, sea por vía electoral o por vías violentas o fraudulentas.  En esos contextos la Argentina, más tempranamente que casi todos ellos sufrió la desarticulación y el desfinanciamiento del sector educación, en un contexto de licuación de los ingresos de las familias, pauperización y, recientemente, pandemias, con efectos sobre la inclusión de vastos sectores de población. En este trabajo sostenemos que en este período sociohistórico la educación rural fue objeto de un embate disimulado en la penumbra de un proyecto de mejora diseñado y gestionado por gobiernos progresistas.
Análise da declividade da malha cicloviária projetada para Londrina/PR utilizando técnicas de geoprocessamento
Authors: Silva Matheus Oliveira Martins da , Martinez Victor Hugo , Lohmann Marciel
Published: April 2021

O Programa Bicicleta Brasil, do extinto Ministério das Cidades - Secretaria Nacional de Transporte e da Mobilidade Urbana (BRASIL, 2007) recomenda que inclinações superiores a 5% sejam evitadas pelos ciclistas no deslocamento urbano por se tratar de um transporte movido a esforço físico. Sendo assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar as condições de declividade da malha cicloviária projetada pelo município de Londrina (IPPUL, 2006;2013;2019;2020) utilizando a estratégia de geração de um Modelo Digital de Elevação (MDE) e operações altimétricas em um software de geoprocessamento aplicados à malha. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que 40,6% da malha proposta contempla uma inclinação abaixo de 5%.
El Covid-19 en El Ecuador, una mirada desde el enfoque de la gestión de Riesgos
Authors: Leon Julio Ramiro , Vaca Lissette
Published: April 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo proporcionar un análisis desde el enfoque de gestión de riesgos, las acciones y decisiones tomadas, y dar una visión técnica del futuro que no se espera en relación al manejo de la pandemia, incluyendo la descripción del comportamiento social de cara de ciertas restricciones estables en el país. La pandemia provocada por el virus SARS-COV2 presenta numerosas desigualdades sociales existentes, un sistema de salud fallido y desatendido, principalmente en los países en vías de desarrollo, como es el caso de la mayoría de países latinoamericanos. Ecuador fue uno de los primeros países de América Latina en ser afectado por el Virus traído por migrantes ecuatorianos desde España e Italia, oprimidos por el contagio del Covid-19.
A disciplina de Didática no contexto de um curso stricto sensu da área da Matemática na Universidade Estadual de Londrina
Authors: Silva Carolaine Criele dos Santos , Oliveira Cláudia Chueire de
Published: April 2021

O texto refere-se aos resultados obtidos em projeto iniciação científica intitulado “A disciplina de Didática no contexto de curso stricto sensu da área da Matemática na Universidade Estadual de Londrina”. O projeto teve como objetivo analisar a contribuição dos conteúdos da Didática, presentes nas disciplinas de Didática e Epistemologia das Ciências e A Avaliação da Aprendizagem Escolar. A metodologia assentou-se nos pressupostos das abordagens qualitativas, por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os dados coletados foram tratados a partir da ordenação, classificação e análise dos descritores ementa e conteúdos. As conclusões indicam que os programas de ensino estudados consideram a dimensão pedagógica da formação de professores de Matemática ao tratarem de elementos essenciais para o trabalho relativo à didática e à avaliação da aprendizagem e colaboram para que a formação dos alunos do stricto sensu avance em direção à pesquisa referente ao ensino da Matemática.
Entre o mundo material e o mundo espiritual: magia, religiosidade e catolicismo popular em um município de Minas Gerais
Authors: Bernardes Marcelo Elias , Bernardes Letícia Elias
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho se debruça sobre distintas formas de interação entre o mundo espiritual e o mundo material no município de Caldas, situado no sul de Minas Gerais. A partir de nossas vivências junto à população local, evidenciamos que tais relações se tecem pelas manifestações deste mundo espiritual na cotidianidade das pessoas em vários aspectos, como a visita de espíritos de parentes mortos, sobretudo em dias que sucedem a morte do corpo. Observamos narrativas que evocam a aparição de almas de antigos moradores em locais de distinção pessoal, como suas residências ou em lugares que cometeram seus pecados – motivo pelo qual ainda caminham no mundo dos vivos – e, por isso, são incorporadas à categoria assombração. Nesta dimensão de proximidades e de comunicações, para além dos fiéis católicos, os quais representam a maioria da população e exercem variados ritos e práticas mágicas, encontramos outros agentes sociais que possuem uma interação mais estreita com o mundo espiritual, elaborando feitiços que podem levar à morte ou os benzedores, que curam doenças, expulsam assombrações e desfazem feitiços. Nesse sentido, por meio da “observação participante”, da coleta de narrativas e da memória coletiva, analisamos interseccionalidades nas inúmeras formas de convergência entre os dois mundos, em que as representações sobre a morte e sobre as almas dos mortos são relevantes para a comunidade, optando em incorporá-las à noção de catolicismo popular.
Sociabilidade, Território e Racismo: os limites socialmente impostos ao bem-estar dos negros em uma cidade da região sul do país
Authors: De Souza Alexsandro Eleotério Pereira
Published: April 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo explicitar alguns dos limites socialmente impostos à sociabilidade pelo racismo e pela discriminação racial aos negros moradores da cidade de Londrina-Paraná. Diante de uma sociedade estruturada sob os alicerces da desigualdade racial, que privilegia assim os brancos em detrimento dos negros, busca-se compreender como o racismo interfere nas relações sociais existentes entre esses dois grupos, em diferentes âmbitos e espaços sociais, privilegiando-se neste artigo os de moradia. O texto foi desenvolvido, em um primeiro momento, por meio da pesquisa empírica, com a realização de entrevistas em profundidade, de cunho qualitativo, a fim de analisar as questões relacionadas à sociabilidade e a identificação com a questão racial. Também contou com a perspectiva quantitativa, através de dados socioeconômicos disponibilizados pelo IBGE. O relato do cotidiano destas pessoas mostra que, mesmo com significativos avanços socioeconômicos obtidos pela população negra, sobretudo nas últimas décadas, a visão do negro como um sujeito caracterizado pela inferioridade racial é uma constante nos mais distintos territórios e espaços sociais.
On linking mechanism to invasive species impact
Authors: Cadotte Marc
Published: April 2021

Species invasion represents one of the major drivers of biodiversity
change globally, yet there is widespread confusion about the nature of
non-indigenous species (NIS) impact. This stems from differing notions
of what constitutes invasive species ‘impact’ and the scales at which it
should be assessed. At local scales, the mechanisms of impact on
competitors can be classified into four scenarios: 1) minimal impact
from NIS inhabiting unique niche space; 2) neutral impact spread across
the community and proportional to NIS abundance; 3) targeted impact on a
small number of competitors with overlapping niches; and 4) pervasive
impact that is disproportionate to NIS abundance and caused by
modifications that filter out other species. I developed a statistical
test to distinguish these four mechanisms based on community
rank-abundance curves and then created a scale-independent standardized
impact score. Using an example long-term dataset, that has high native
plant diversity and an abundance gradient of the invasive vine,
Vincetoxicum rossicum, I show that impact resulted in either targeted
extirpations or widespread biodiversity loss. Regardless of whether NIS
impact is neutral, targeted or pervasive, the net outcome will be the
homogenization of ecosystems and reduced biodiversity at larger scales,
perhaps reducing ecosystem resilience.
Pit viper envenomation in pediatric dogs: 5 cases
Authors: Southern Carl , Allen-Durrance Ashley , Schaer Michael
Published: April 2021

The objective of this case series is to describe the diagnosis,
therapeutic intervention, and outcome of pit viper envenomation in five
pediatric dogs. All five puppies survived to discharge, with no known
complications from their envenomation or antivenom administration.
Cranial internal hemipelvectomy (iliectomy) with limb sparing for a dog with ilial chondrosarcoma: a case report
Authors: Downey Amy , Mathews Kyle , Borst Luke
Published: April 2021

Objective: To describe the outcome following limb-sparing subtotal
hemipelvectomy (iliectomy) in a dog with ilial chondrosarcoma. Animal: A
9.5-year-old female spayed Boxer with grade 2 chondrosarcoma of the
ilium Study Design: Case report.
Goodness-of-fit Measures Based on the Mellin Transform for Beta Generalized Lifetime Data
Authors: Vasconcelos Josimar , Cintra Renato , Nascimento Abraão
Published: April 2021

In recent years various probability models have been proposed for
describing lifetime data. Increasing model flexibility is often sought
as a means to better describe asymmetric and heavy tail distributions.
Such extensions were pioneered by the beta-G family. However, efficient
goodness-of-fit (GoF) measures for the beta-G distributions are sought.
In this paper, we combine probability weighted moments (PWMs) and the
Mellin transform (MT) in order to furnish new qualitative and
quantitative GoF tools for model selection within the beta-G class. We
derive PWMs for the Fr\’{e}chet and Kumaraswamy
distributions; and we provide expressions for the MT, and for the
log-cumulants (LC) of the beta-Weibull,
beta-Fr\’{e}chet, beta-Kumaraswamy, and
beta-log-logistic distributions. Subsequently, we construct LC diagrams
and, based on the Hotelling’s $T^2$ statistic, we derive confidence
ellipses for the LCs. Finally, the proposed GoF measures are applied on
five real data sets in order to demonstrate their applicability.
Chelating agent and substrate effect on hydrothermal growth of Yb3+/Er3+ doped NaYf4 film
Authors: Duhan Suman , Sahoo Kedar , Imteyaz Ahmad , Singh Sudhir , Kumar Manoj
Published: April 2021

We report simultaneous crystal growth and deposition of upconverting
Yb3+/Er3+ doped NaYF4 film (UCF) on conducting and non-conducting substrates
by one-step hydrothermal method. The characteristics such as film
topography, morphology, crystallographic phase and upconverting luminescence
intensity were found to depend both on the chelating agent and nature of the
substrate. The characteristics of the prepared films varied interestingly
when either the chelating agent or the substrate was changed. The
upconversion emission intensities were found to increase with decreasing
film roughness. Further, current investigation demonstrated that the NaYF4
films deposited using EDTA or DTPA chelating agents on ITO substrate and
EGTA chelating agent on PG substrate were more uniform and resulted in
greater upconverted emission intensities. We envision plausible use of
current technology in the development of affordable optical platforms for
several optoelectronic applications.
Cardiovascular Considerations in Anesthetic Management for a Patient With Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Decreased Cardiac Function: A Case Study
Authors: Shibuya Makiko , Kimura Yukifumi , Takuma Shigeru , Kamekura Nobuhito , Fujisawa Toshiaki
Published: April 2021

This case report describes the prolonged general anesthetic management of a 41-year-old woman with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), systemic lupus erythematosus, and previously undiagnosed decreased cardiac function who underwent planned partial resection of the left tongue, tracheostomy, neck dissection, and pedicled flap reconstruction. This was immediately followed by emergent surgery to salvage the flap, and 1 month later, revision of the soft tissue flap was performed. A preoperative echocardiogram was performed because of her various risk factors, which identified lateral wall hypokinesis and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction of 40%, despite no known cardiovascular disease. However, cardiology consult determined no additional treatment was needed before the surgery. Multiple antithrombotic strategies were used, including elastic stockings, intermittent pneumatic compression devises, and heparin bridging. During the general anesthetic, stroke volume variation (SVV) was used to assess cardiac function and guide fluid management. There were no signs of systemic thrombosis, although the free flap reconstruction was abandoned because of a thrombus in the vascular anastomosis. Cardiac function can deteriorate in APS patients because of coronary and/or microvascular thrombosis. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate cardiac function, regardless of a known history of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, additional monitoring (ie, SVV) may be useful during prolonged general anesthetics for patients with APS and cardiac dysfunction.
The Improvement of Arabic Language Learning Program in Realizing the World Class University
Authors: Mustofa Syaiful , Febriani Suci Ramadhanti , Ibrahim Faisal Mahmoud
Published: April 2021

Foreign language is one of the fundamental elements in creating the world class university. To realize a world class university, the excellent Arabic language learning program is necessary to meet the needs of international communication in the internal and external environment of the campus. This study aimed to explore and analyze the Arabic language learning program at UIN Maliki Malang. The research data were obtained from the interview with campus governance and direct observation of Arabic learning program activities and the documentation of strategic planning of Arabic language learning programs to create a world class university. The interviews were conducted with 10 people of campus institution governance. The results showed that Arabic language learning program in realizing a world class university is an implementation of the university's vision which is contained in the development of an integrated curriculum and ulul albab character. The curriculum is designed in the form of a "tree of knowledge" construction. To form solid scientific roots, linguistic strengthening is needed so that its branches and its twigs are strong too. Language strengthening is manifested in the form of the Special Arabic Language Class Program (PKPBA), Ma'had al-jami'ah program and intensive training for educators and educational staff. These findings indicate that the integration of Arabic language learning programs between internal campus institutions is a measure of success in realizing a world class university. The recommendation for further research was to measure the effectiveness of each program at UIN Maliki Malang.
The Implementation of Project-Based Learning’s Speaking Skill for Tenth Grade Vocational High School Students
Authors: Kusumawati Iin
Published: April 2021

Project-Based Learning (PBL) is one of strategies which English teachers use in teaching oral activities. The activities which can be implemented in PBL are discussion, conversation, presentation (individual or group), role-play, and others.  It also can be an aid in studying and teaching. Based on previous research, using PBL technique can improve students’ speaking ability for second graders of SMPN 1 Kawedanan, Magetan by Permatasari (2013). Because of that, the researcher implements the teaching of speaking using PBL at SMK Dian Indonesia, Sidoarjo. The descriptive qualitative is used as a design of this research. The subject of the research is 20 first-grade students of nursery class, from the academic year 2015/2016. There are three instruments used to collect the data. First is the documentation of related lesson plan and syllabus, second is the observation of field-notes, third is a questionnaire for the students. PBL in teaching speaking is found helpful to regulate students’ ideas and stimulates the group presenter to extend the statement using their own words. PBL was interesting for them, because the researcher gives occasion for them to choose their own topics. They found themselves interested, happy, joyful, and comfortable during the implementation of the PBL because the process of teaching and learning is designed appropriately with the students’ ideas. To gain an effective teaching speaking using PBL, students needed to be active in making collaborative discussions, and giving feedbacks to each other, so that they can build social relationship. The PBL activities have made students build knowledge and think critically.
Revealing Translation Techniques Applied in the Translation of Batik Motif Names in See Instagram
Authors: Purwaningsih Dyah Raina , Sholikhah Ika Maratus , Wardani Erna
Published: April 2021

This article discusses one of the forms of machine translation, the Instagram translation feature called “see translation”. The research is focused on the translation techniques applied by the machine in translating Banyumas batik motifs from Indonesian to English found in @batikantodjamil and @batk_rd. This topic is worth discussing since machine translation is now getting more developed and is projected to replace human translator. However, in some cases, for example in dealing with culturally-bound terms, machine translation cannot perform contextual knowledge as well as the human translator. this mini research was conducted by applying qualitative research with purposive sampling technique in which the researchers obtain the data by selecting two batik center Instagram accounts containing batik motif names in the captions. The result shows that there are three translation techniques applied by the Instagram translation features, namely literal, borrowing, and particularization. The most dominant technique to use is borrowing technique, and it shows a tendency that such cultural terms in the source language do not have one-to-one correspondence in the target language. In other words, the touch of human translator is very important in the post-editing process of translation by machine to make the translation more acceptable. However, if it is impossible to involve human translator, the Instagram administrator should enrich the machine with more contextual linguistic database to provide the users with better translation results.
O 11 de setembro, 20 anos depois: impactos na religião e na cultura ocidental
Authors: Campos Breno Martins , Nogueira Paulo Augusto De Souza , Mariani Ceci Maria Costa Baptista
Published: April 2021

O dia 11 de setembro de 2001 foi um marco na história contemporânea. O ataque de terroristas às Torres Gêmeas, em Nova Iorque, e ao Pentágono, em Washington D.C., que causou milhares de mortes, pegou os Estados Unidos e o mundo de surpresa. Os poderes que estavam estabelecidos se viram sacudidos, minados por dentro, vulneráveis. O mundo nunca mais seria o mesmo. Medidas drásticas de combate ao terror foram adotadas, dentro e fora dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA), culminando com a invasão ao Iraque e com a execução de Bin Laden. No entanto, estes trágicos eventos não apenas expuseram as tensões, antigas e novas, da política internacional. Eles reavivaram estruturas imagéticas e sensibilidades religiosas do passado, da compreensão da história como um perscrutar por inimigos, por identificar seus agentes, de fornecer subsídios ideológicos para a luta do bem contra o mal, para aniquilação do chamado eixo do mal. Novas formas de pensamento dualista e fundamentalista emergiram inspirados de suas raizes religiosas ocidentais, de imagens adormecidas prontas para serem atualizadas. Neste dossiê da revista Reflexão, perguntamo-nos pelas mudanças no campo religioso 20 anos depois do 11 de setembro. Como passamos a perceber os conflitos políticos a partir de esquemas dualistas da imaginação apocalíptica após a experiência da visão concomitante da catástrofe? A experiência de testemunhar uma “praga do final dos tempos”, ao vivo, nos tornou mais vigilantes, inquietos, insones? Esse olhar vigilante nos tornou mais sensíveis à presença sempre iminente do inimigo? Nossos padrões de identificação dos agressores de nossas estruturas sociais se tornaram mais rigorosos, intransigentes? Com essas questões colocadas, buscamos abrir o debate.
Estrategia de control para el problema de zona muerta en procesos electromecánicos
Authors:   , Pérez Gómez Cándido Arturo
Published: April 2021

This work presents the identification and validation of a non-linear model of a permanent magnet DC motor, which includes the phenomenon of dead zone and friction, as well as the design of a linear position control for this type of device. Its main objective is to reduce the effects that these non-linearities produce in the position control of electric motors. The proposed controller has an integral double effect and a lead compensator. It is implemented in real time, through a digital control scheme, in the Quanser DC Motor Control Trainer system, which includes a Maxon brand permanent magnet DC motor. The proposed controller is compared to two of the most widely used strategies to reduce the dead zone problem: control with the use of the “inverse” dead zone and switched control. For the first one, a PI controller plus the inverse dead zone is used, while for the second one, a switched PI-PD controller is designed. The responses of both controllers are analyzed with the numerical tool Matlab®/ Simulink™.
Recuperación de indio a partir de paneles LCD de desecho usando ácido como agente lixiviante
Authors:   , Becerra Sánchez Guadalupe Yunnuen
Published: April 2021

Technological advance has brought with it a high demand and the constant replacement of electronic devices. Many of these technological devices (e.g., cell phones, tablets, televisions, computers) use indium in the form of indium oxide and tin (ITO) for the manufacture of the liquid crystal display (LCD). Indium is an element that is not abundant in nature, it is obtained mainly through a secondary process in the extraction of zinc oxide. In 2019, about 760 metric tons of indium were produced worldwide (Garside, 2020). For all of the above, it has become necessary to propose novel methods for recovering indium from electronic waste. In this work, an indium recovery process is evaluated, which is viable both, from an economic and an environmental point of view. An indium leaching process is developed by using acetic acid as leaching agent. The LCD screens, mainly computer, were disassembled and reduced to a size <200 mesh, this through the use of a zircon pearl mill. According to the diagrams obtained from the MEDUSA program, leaching occurs at pH of 4, so it was adjusted with a sodium acetate solution. For each 5 g of solid sample, a solution of 250 ml of 0.5 M acetic acid was used, while 0.1 M sodium thiosulfate was used as a reducing agent. Tests were carried out at three different temperatures: 25 ºC, 60 ºC and 80 ºC, under the same operating conditions. At 80 ºC, the highest extraction of the species of interest was obtained after 24 h, which was 320 mg for each kg of solid sample. In this process of recovery of indium, an extraction percentage of approximately 70% was obtained. In order to explain the kinetics of the leaching process, the decreasing core kinetic model without ash formation was used. From this it was found that the stage that controls the process is the diffusion through the fluid layer, where according to the Damköhler number the process is controlled by the reaction on the solid surface.
Estudio hidrodinámico de tanques agitados para la producción de recubrimiento blanco base agua
Authors:   , Herrera Mendoza Adriana Pamela
Published: April 2021

In the present work, a university-industry linkage project was carried out in which the hydrodynamic performance of three existing impellers in agitated tanks in a Paint manufacturing plant of the company Axalta Coating Systems is compared. These are 45 ° inclined four vane impeller (PBT4), 35 ° inclined six vane impeller (PBT6), and Chemineer type curved tip three inclined vane high efficient impeller (HE3). For this, Computational Fluid Dynamics and experimental measurements of power consumption were used. The study was carried out in a 4-liter cylindrical tank operating in a turbulent regime (Reynolds numbers greater than 14,000) using two types of fluids; water and white coating like Newtonian fluid and slimming fluid. In all the simulations and experimental validations, geometric similarity was maintained with the existing conditions in the plant. An analysis of mesh independence was carried out, comparing meshes with an increase of twice the number of elements, in which the one with the least variability of the hydrodynamic properties with respect to the previous one was chosen. Once the independent mesh was obtained, the speed fields, the dependence of the power numbers (NP) and pumping numbers (NQ) of each of the impellers under study were obtained at different operating conditions similar to those existing in the plant. It was found that in turbulent regime for both Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid, the power number is higher for the PBT4 impeller and the lower for the PBT6. For both fluids, the pumping number was higher for the PBT4 impeller and the lowest was obtained for the PBT6. The mixing effectiveness ratio (NQ/NP) that was found is that Chemineer's HE3 impeller has the highest value for Newtonian fluid, while for non-Newtonian fluid, the values are very similar for PBT4 and HE3 impellers. For the specific case study of this work, it was concluded that for the homogenization of a white coating manufactured in the company Axalta Coating Systems using the PBT4 and HE3 impellers they would have a very similar performance, while the PBT6 impeller would have the worst performance. Considering that the PBT4 impeller is a general purpose agitator and can be used in a large number of applications, and furthermore, it is easier to manufacture and its cost is lower, the PBT4 agitator would have a better performance than the HE3 impeller.