bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Viscoelastic coagulation test for liver transplantation
Authors: Park Sun Young
Published: April 2020

Coagulation and transfusion management in patients undergoing liver transplantation is challenging. Proper perioperative monitoring of hemostasis is essential to predict the risk of bleeding during surgery, to detect potential causes of hemorrhage in time, and to guide hemostatic therapy. The value of conventional coagulation test is questionable in the acute perioperative setting due to their long turnaround time and the inability to adequately reflect the complex changes in hemostasis in patients with liver disease. Viscoelastic coagulation tests provide simultaneous measurement of multiple aspects of whole-blood coagulation including plasmatic coagulation and fibrinolytic factors and inhibitors that reflect most aspects of hemostasis. Coagulation initiation, mechanical clot stability, and fibrinolysis can be estimated immediately using point-of-care techniques. Therefore, viscoelastic coagulation tests including ROTEM & TEG would be useful to guide patient blood management strategy during liver transplantation.
Correlation between patient health questionnaire-2 and postoperative pain in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Shin Yusom , Park Tae Woo , Kim Huiyoung , Shim Dong-jin , Lee Hochul , Kim Joo-Duck , Kang Donghee
Published: April 2020

Background: Postoperative pain is affected by preoperative depression. If the risk of postoperative pain associated with depression can be predicted preoperatively, anesthesiologists and/or surgeons can better manage it with personalized care. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) depression screening tool as a predictor of postoperative pain. Methods: A total of 50 patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy with an American Society of Anesthesiologists grade of 1 or 2 were enrolled. They answered the PHQ-2, which consists of two questions, under the supervision of a researcher on the day before the surgery. The numerical rating scale (NRS) scores were assessed at post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), at 24, and 48 postoperative hours, and the amount of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) administered was documented at 24, 48, and 72 postoperative hours. At 72 h, the IV-PCA device was removed and the final dosage was recorded.Results: The NRS score in PACU was not significantly associated with the PHQ-2 score (correlation coefficients: 0.13 [P = 0.367]). However, the use of analgesics after surgery was higher in patients with PHQ-2 score of 3 or more (correlation coefficients: 0.33 [P = 0.018]).Conclusions: We observed a correlation between the PHQ-2 score and postoperative pain. Therefore, PHQ-2 could be useful as a screening test for preoperative depression. Particularly, when 3 points were used as the cut-off score, the PHQ-2 score was associated with the dosage of analgesics, and the analgesic demand could be expected to be high with higher PHQ-2 scores.
Novel alternative for submental intubation - A case report -
Authors: Jung Inyoung , Yoo Byung Hoon , Ju Ji Youn , Choi Sijin , Yon Jun Heum , Kim Kye-Min , Lim Yun-Hee , Lee Woo Yong
Published: April 2020

Background: Submental intubation is commonly used during general anesthesia for maxillofacial surgeries as it provides a safe unrestricted surgical access compared to tracheostomy. During submental intubation, soft tissues and blood clots can become lodged in the endotracheal tube. To overcome this problem, we used a laparoscopic trocar.Case: A 52-year-old man with maxillofacial injury was scheduled to undergo an open reduction and internal fixation. We performed submental intubation using laparoscopic trocar, which created sufficient space for the insertion of the endotracheal tube. Unlike conventional methods, our method did not require any blunt dissection and caused significantly less soft tissue damage and required significantly less time.Conclusions: Submental intubation with laparoscopic trocar is a one-step method and is quick and easy-to-perform technique with less complications.
Abdominal compartment syndrome caused by gastric distension in bulimia nervosa and fatal injury following surgical decompression - A case report -
Authors: Eom Byeong hun , Lim Hyun Kyoung , Tae Nayoung , Shinn Helen Ki
Published: April 2020

Background: Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) occurs due to increased abdominal cavity pressure, causes multiple organ damage, and leads to fatal consequences. Increased intraperitoneal pressure due to different reasons generally does not result in serious damage, due to the compliance of the abdominal wall. However, when the pressure exceeds the limit, ACS develops, thereby causing fatal damage to the organs. Case: A patient presented with rapid stomach swelling due to excessive food intake and was known to have bulimia nervosa, which had now resulted in ACS. Mental changes, abdominal distension, color change in the legs, acute kidney injury, and acidosis were seen. The patient expired due to ischemia-reperfusion injury and disseminated intravascular coagulation, which occurred after surgical decompression.Conclusions: Under suspected ACS conditions, we should be aware of various symptoms that can occur. Early attempts for decompression are helpful, and it is important to be prepared for reperfusion injury prior to surgical decompression attempts.
Melet Irmağı havzası’nda erozyon riskinin Mıcona modeli ile değerlendirilmesi
Authors: HATİPOĞLU İlter Kutlu , UZUN Ali
Published: April 2020

Toprak erozyonu yeryüzünün şekillenmesinde etkili olan bir doğa olayıdır. Ancak, erozyonun insan tarafından hızlandırılması bir sorundur. Erozyon sorunu tarım topraklarının verimsizleşmesine ve zamanla yok olmasına sebep olur. Bu sorun engebeli bir topografyaya ve uzun bir yerleşme tarihine sahip Türkiye’de daha da belirgindir. Bu sebeple sorunun boyutunun belirlenmesi ve çözülmesi için ayrıntılı saha çalışmalarına ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada Melet Irmağı Havzası’nın erozyon riski incelenmiştir. Melet Irmağı Karadeniz Bölgesi’nin, Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz bölümlerini birbirinden ayıran önemli bir akarsudur. Karagöl Dağları’nın batıya bakan yamaçlarından doğar ve Ordu Şehir merkezinden Karadeniz’e dökülür. Akarsuyun su toplama alanı 2006 km2’dir. Havza doğudan ve güneyden Giresun Dağları’nın, batıdan ise Canik Dağları’nın üzerinden geçen su bölümü çizgileri ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Havzanın erozyon riski ICONA yöntemine yükseklik ve toprak derinliği verileri katılarak geliştirilen MICONA modeli kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Çalışma hazırlanırken arazi gözlemleri, CBS teknolojileri bir arada kullanılmıştır. Modelde kullanılan NDVI (bitki örtüsü yoğunluğu), arazi kullanımı, anakaya, toprak derinliği, yükseklik ve eğimden oluşan temel raster veriler, arazi çalışmalarından, uydu görüntülerinden ve çeşitli devlet kuruluşlarının dokümanlardan derlenmiştir. MICONA modeline göre havzanın %25,2’si çok yüksek, %20,1’i yüksek ve %27,2’si orta derecede erozyon riski taşımaktadır. Buna karşılık, havzanın %17,2’sinde erozyon riski düşük, %10,3’ünde ise çok düşük çıkmıştır. Sahada erozyon riski en yüksek alanlar yukarı çığırda Karagöl batısında yoğunlaşır. Mesudiye batısında topografya sadeleşir, erozyon riski düşer. Orta çığırda kıyı dağlarının yükselmesi arızalı yapıyı, eğimi ve yağış miktarlarını artırır. Bu alanda erozyon riski yüksektir. Aşağı çığırda beşeri baskının artması karşısında, yüksekliklerin azalması ile orta ve düşük riskli alanlar yaygındır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, arazi kullanımındaki problemler ile yüksek yağış ve engebeli topoğrafya gibi doğal ortam özellikleri havzada erozyon riskini artırmaktadır. Bu nedenle çok yüksek ve yüksek riskli alanlarda arazi kullanımı yeniden düzenlenmeli; ormanın tahrip edildiği kısımlar ağaçlandırılmalı ve mera alanlarındaki aşırı otlatma kontrol altına alınmalıdır.
HuBMAP UF TMC - Single Cell RNA Seq (10x Genomics) Library Preparation and Sequencing v1
Authors: Farris Franchesca , Brusko Maigan
Published: April 2020

This protocol is for the generation of 3' (chemistry version 3) cDNA libraries from individual cells via droplet generation utilizing the 10x Genomics Chromium Controller and associated reagents. Paired end libraries are then sequenced on Illumina instruments.
HuBMAP UF TMC - FACS Sorting of Live Cells for 10x scRNASeq v1
Authors: Brusko Maigan
Published: April 2020

This standard operating procedure (SOP) provides instructions for staining and sorting live cells. This SOP applies to cryopreserved cells that are stained with Live/Dead and sorted in the BD ARIA III to remove dead cells prior to 10x sequencing.
LC-MS/MS Label-Free Proteomic Data Analysis Parameters v2
Authors: Gutierrez Danielle , Allen Jamie , Jenkins Zach , Spraggins Jeff
Published: April 2020

List of parameters and settings for searching label free proteomic data in MaxQuant version 1.6.7.
A merevszőrű boglárka (Ranunculus strigulosus) új adatai Kelet-Magyarországról
Authors: Demeter László
Published: April 2020

A merevszőrű boglárka (Ranunculus strigulosus Schur) elterjedése kevéssé ismert hazánkban. A közlemény tizenegy új lelőhelyet ír le Kelet-Magyarországról. Közülük kilenc állomány a Nyírség délkeleti szegélyén található, és többnyire igen kis egyedszámú. Három nagyobb populáció került elő Nyírábrány és Álmosd határában, valamint a Debrecen és Hajdúböszörmény közötti Tócó-völgyben. A faj kimutatása Bátorliget flórájához is új adalék.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kişisel Siber Güvenlik Davranışları ve Bilgi Güvenliği Farkındalıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: AVCI Ümmühan , ORUÇ Orçun
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin siber güvenlik davranışları ve bilgi güvenliği farkındalıklarının incelenmesidir. Bu çalışmaya, Türkiye'de özel bir üniversitede Eğitim ve Mühendislik Fakültesi'nde okuyan 88 öğrenci katılmıştır. Bu çalışmada karma araştırma yöntemlerinden yakınsak paralel tasarım kullanılmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, bağımsız örneklemler t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin görüşlerinin incelenmesinde tematik analiz kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda üniversite öğrencilerinin internet çağının en önemli konularından biri olan kişisel siber güvenliği ve bilgi güvenliğini sağlama konusundaki farkındalıklarının genel olarak yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak sonuçlar farkındalığı olmayan ya da çok düşük olan öğrencilerin olduğunu da göstermektedir. Bu durum bölümlere ya da sosyal medya hesabı sayısına göre farklılık göstermektedir. Öğrencilerin bu farkındalıklarının artırılması amacıyla konuyla ilgili derslerin öğretim programlarına yerleştirilmesi, küçük yaşlardan itibaren öğrencilerin bu konularda bilgilendirilmesi, siber güvenliği sağlamanın öneminin farkında olmalarının sağlanması gerekmektedir. Sosyal medya uygulamalarıyla küçük yaşta tanışan öğrencilerin güvenliklerini sağlama konusunda da farkındalıklarının artması hem bireysel hem de toplum gelişimi için önem arz etmektedir.
Öğretmenlerin Program Okuryazarlıkları Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: YAR YILDIRIM Veda
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin program okuryazarlık düzeylerini belirleyebilecek “Öğretmenlerin Program Okuryazarlıkları Ölçeği”ni (ÖPOÖ) ortaya çıkarmak; geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarını yapmaktır. Öğretmenlerin Program Okuryazarlıkları Ölçeği’ni (ÖPOÖ) geliştirmek amacıyla araştırmanın çalışma grubunu belirlemek için uygun örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla 2018- 2019 eğitim öğretim yılında Tokat ve Kahramanmaraş illerinde görev yapan öğretmenler çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada iki ayrı grup üzerinden toplanan veriler analiz edilmiştir. AFA için 320 öğretmen ve DFA için 541 öğretmen çalışma gruplarını oluşturmuştur. AFA sonucu, ölçeğin üç faktörlü ve 29 maddeden oluştuğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu yapı DFA yoluyla doğrulanmıştır. Ortaya çıkan modelin uyum indeksleri incelendiğinde χ²/df= 2.40 <4; CFI=0.93; TLI=0.92; RMSEA=0.05; SRMR=0.04 ‘tür. Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayıları birinci faktör (beceri) için .94, ikinci faktör (bilgi) için .93 ve üçüncü faktör (tutum) için .92. olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ölçekte yer alan tüm faktörler bir arada değerlendirildiğinde hesaplanan Cronbach’s Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı ise .96 olarak bulunmuştur. Öğretmenlerin program okuryazarlık düzeylerini ortaya koymak için 29 maddeli ve 3 faktörlü ÖPOÖ için yapılan geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarından elde edilen bulgular, geçerli ve güvenilir sonuçlara ulaşılabilecek bir ölçme aracı geliştirildiğini göstermektedir. Geliştirilen bu ölçme aracı ile öğretmenlerin program okuryazarlıkları incelenebilir, farklı değişkenler açısından karşılaştırmalar yapılabilir.
Round Table in Memory of Volodymyr Piskorskyi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Authors: Shevchenko Nataliya
Published: April 2020

This report analyzes the main trends of a roundtable discussion on the memory of Volodymyr Piskorskyi «V. K. Piskorskyi and the Problems of the Study of World History at St. Volodymyr’s University». It was held at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in September 2019 as a part of the work of the Xth International Congress of Hispanic researches of Ukraine, and it was initiated by the Center for Latin American and Iberian Studies «Casa Iberoamericana» (Department of Modern and Contemporary History of Foreign Countries). Scientists from Kyiv, Chernihiv, Nizhyn, as well as the participants from Spain, Germany, Hungary, Poland etc. participated in the round table. The event organizers set out two important tasks: firstly, to attract the attention of young researchers to the need of further study of the scientific heritage of a well-known scientist, and secondly, recognizing that Volodymyr Piskorskyi was in broad sense the representative of the European intellectual environment on the eve of the XXth century, to emphasize its affiliation with the Ukrainian cultural and scientific space in this period.

The relatives of a prominent scientist – his granddaughter Olena Novikova, who carefully keeps the memory of the famous scientist-historian, and her niece Galina Piskorska – made their reports to the audience. In their speeches, the participants of the round table focused not only on the historian’s prominent scientific achievements but also outlined his social activities and heard many family legends shared by the scientist’s relatives. Thanks to the prepared video presentation of the «Piskorsky Family Memorials», the participants could not only immerse themselves in the family atmosphere, but also make a virtual trip to those European cities, which were associated with his scientific explorations, and trace the stages of a scientist’s teaching career. During the round table, a small book exhibition of Volodymyr Piskorskyi’s works from the collections of the Maximovich Scientific Library of the Taras Shevchenko National University was opened.
SeisIO: A Fast, Efficient Geophysical Data Architecture for the Julia Language
Authors: Jones Joshua P. , Okubo Kurama , Clements Tim , Denolle Marine A.
Published: April 2020

SeisIO for the Julia language is a new geophysical data framework that combines the intuitive syntax of a high-level language with performance comparable to FORTRAN or C. Benchmark comparisons against recent versions of popular programs for seismic data download and analysis demonstrate significant improvements in file read speed and orders-of-magnitude improvements in memory overhead. Because the Julia language natively supports parallel computing with an intuitive syntax, we benchmark test parallel download and processing of multiweek segments of contiguous data from two sets of 10 broadband seismic stations, and find that SeisIO outperforms two popular Python-based tools for data downloads. The current capabilities of SeisIO include file read support for several geophysical data formats, online data access using a variety of services, and optimized versions of several common data processing operations. Tutorial notebooks and extensive documentation are available to improve the user experience. As an accessible example of performant scientific computing for the next generation of researchers, SeisIO offers ease of use and rapid learning without sacrificing computational efficiency.
Virtual Fault Ruptures in Area-Source Zones for PSHA: Are They Always Needed?
Authors: Bommer Julian J. , Montaldo Falero Valentina
Published: April 2020

Seismic source models for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), except when using zoneless approaches based directly on the earthquake catalog, invariably include area-source zones, even if active fault sources are modeled explicitly. Because most modern ground-motion prediction equations (GMPEs) employ source-to-site distance metrics defined relative to extended fault ruptures rather than to the epicenter or hypocenter, it becomes necessary to generate virtual fault ruptures within the area-source zones to enable calculation of the correct distance of each earthquake scenario from the site of interest. For a site-specific PSHA, the work of defining the virtual rupture characteristics such as strike, dip, and style of faulting, for more distant source zones, and the computational effort of simulating these ruptures for each earthquake scenario in the hazard calculations, may be unnecessary. Beyond a certain distance from the site, it can be demonstrated that the loss of accuracy introduced by modeling the individual earthquake scenarios as point sources rather than as extended ruptures is usually sufficiently small to allow the distance metric in the GMPEs to be treated as epicentral or hypocentral distance. Such simplifications can significantly increase the efficiency of the hazard calculations and also relieve the seismic source modelers of considerable effort to characterize virtual ruptures far beyond the host zone of the site. Treating earthquake scenarios in the more remote source zones as points also brings the additional benefit of avoiding problems that can arise with the largest magnitude scenarios leading to ruptures that approach the site in cases for which the ruptures are not constrained to remain within the source boundaries.
A perspectiva vygotskyana na formação docente online: observações na educação superior
Authors: C. Lima Hallwass Lia
Published: April 2020

A formação docente torna-se cada vez mais desafiadora no contexto da educação. Em meio a uma sociedade tecnológica, focada em desempenhos e resultados, a formação docente contempla discussões sobre a práxis e o complexo cenário de ensinar, apoiar a aprendizagem e avaliar em meio a tantas metodologias e abordagens psicológicas. Esse mesmo cenário requer qualificação constante, saberes e fazeres docentes e boas práticas. A formação docente precisa encontrar novas possibilidades. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as interações sociais entre professores universitários no projeto Sala (Virtual) dos Professores. O projeto foi baseado na perspectiva histórico-cultural de Vygotsky e no potencial das tecnologias, a fim de criar um processo contínuo de interação social e formação docente. Iniciado em 2014, o projeto acontece em um curso de Administração de uma instituição privada do Rio Grande do Sul. Os achados aqui apresentados foram obtidos por meio de observação participante e fichamento das atividades de 28 docentes do curso. Mediante análise temática, os resultados indicam que o projeto contribuiu para: aumentar a participação dos professores nas ações devido à sua flexibilidade espaço-temporal, para a troca de conhecimentos e experiência devido ao atendimento das necessidades específicas dos professores, de suas áreas e disciplinas. Além disso, permitiu estabelecer conexões pessoais, criar estratégias intencionais de forma colaborativa, qualificar as atividades docentes e avaliações, manter uma interação constante, apesar de não ter potencial para substituir a presencialidade necessária para subsidiar a atuação e a formação docente.
Publicaciones, interacciones, verdades y mentiras de adolescentes españoles en Instagram / Posts, interactions, truths and lies of Spanish adolescents on Instagram
Authors: Gil-Quintana Javier , Fernández-Galiano Amoros Manuel
Published: April 2020

Este estudio indaga acerca de los hábitos de los adolescentes referidos al consumo, producción y creación en Instagram. Se han analizado los tipos de interrelaciones e interacciones que se producen en este espacio y, a su vez, la identidad personal acechada en ocasiones por peligros, verdades y mentiras. La investigación se basa en una metodología mixta, mediante la realización de un cuestionario a 171 adolescentes españoles y el desarrollo de 17 entrevistas grupales a otros 67. Se ha observado que los adolescentes consumen contenido multimedia, sin embargo, no son capaces de crear más allá de las propias interacciones que vienen fagocitadas por Instagram. Sus preferencias de interacción son amistades, influencers o youtubers y familia, con quienes establecen una retroalimentación de stories, likes, directos y otros comentarios. Se ha observado la existencia de peligros, como el acoso, la exclusión y la marginación que llevan al bloqueo de determinados perfiles por su seguridad.
Diseño de una aplicación web para el proceso educativo sobre el uso del logaritmo en el campo de las matemáticas financieras / Design of a web application for the educational process about the use of logarithm in the field of financial Mathematics
Authors: Salas-Rueda Ricardo-Adán , Gamboa-Rodríguez Fernando , Salas-Rueda Érika-Patricia , Salas-Rueda Rodrigo-David
Published: April 2020

Esta investigación cuantitativa tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto de la Aplicación web para el proceso Educativo sobre el Logaritmo (AEL) por medio de la ciencia de datos y el aprendizaje automático (regresión lineal). La muestra está compuesta por 29 alumnos que cursaron la asignatura Matemáticas Básicas en una universidad mexicana durante el ciclo escolar 2015. La AEL presenta el procedimiento matemático sobre el uso del logaritmo para calcular el tiempo (número de años) durante la solicitud de un crédito bancario. El modelo TPACK permite organizar la AEL por medio del conocimiento tecnológico (lenguaje de programación PHP), conocimiento pedagógico (estrategia de simulación) y conocimiento disciplinar (uso del logaritmo en el campo de las matemáticas financieras). Los resultados del aprendizaje automático con 50%, 60% y 70% de entrenamiento indican que la AEL influye positivamente la asimilación del conocimiento sobre el logaritmo, el desarrollo de habilidades matemáticas y la comprensión sobre los conceptos teóricos del logaritmo en el campo de las matemáticas financieras. Asimismo, la ciencia de datos identifica tres modelos predictivos sobre el uso de la AEL en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Por último, la tecnología está transformando la interacción entre los contenidos escolares y estudiantes durante el Siglo XXI.
Periodisation of Primary and Secondary Technical and Vocational Education Development in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Aminov T. M. , Asadullin R. M.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Vocational education has always been and still is one of the main factors of successful sustainable development of society as a whole and of the individual in particular. Therefore, in the state policy of different countries of the world, including Russia, special attention is being given to the institutions, which train specialists for the leading sectors of the economy and production. For developing effective policy measures and predicting its effectiveness, it is essential to identify the potential of national vocational education system, to study its phase changes and evolution vectors, to analyse and summarise existing experience in the organisation of the system and to support its functioning at the national and regional levels.

The aim of the present research is to identify and characterise the main periods of development of primary and secondary technical and vocational education in one of the major regions of Russia – the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Methodology and research methods. The research methodology is based on the system and civilisational approaches. The retrospective analysis was conducted through historical, typological and comparative methods, as well as two conceptual models. In the first model, the pedagogical process is presented as a complete system determined by specific historical conditions. The second model, designed by one of the authors of this article, is based on the logic and structure of this process in its contemporary understanding. These concepts provide adequate analysis and extrapolation of historical and pedagogical experience into modern educational theory and practice.

Results and scientific novelty. The authors identified socio-economic, pedagogical, organisational and managerial factors of periodisation of the system of primary and secondary technical and vocational education development of Bashkortostan. For the first time, at the local republican level, the main phases of the process have been identified and described, starting with the pre-institutional stage to the present day. It is demonstrated that the trajectory of gradual formation and improvement of the investigated directions and stages of vocational training in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan is regulated by the general laws on the development of social structures. Despite some specificity, the trends in regional education found are quite related to all-Russian processes.

Practical significance. The research results can be useful and are already being used when developing and designing vocational development programmes, in particular, they enrich the content of such disciplines as “History of Pedagogy and Education”, “History”, various special courses and curriculum units, concerning the issues on the state and prospects of technical and vocational education. In addition, the research materials can be used for developing regional educational policy.
123 I-MIBG scintigraphy in the assessment of heart failure prognosis and effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Zavadovsky K. V. , Mishkina A. I. , Lebedev D. I. , Gulya M. O. , Varlamova Yu. V. , Lishmanov Yu. B. , Popov S. V.
Published: April 2020

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is one of the methods of treating patients with chronic heart failure, which can reduce the mortality rate of this group. Scintigraphic assessment of sympathetic myocardial innervation allows us to evaluate the heart failure prognosis and the effectiveness of interventional treatment. The method is based on use of the radiopharmaceutical 123 I-methiodiobenzylguanidine (123 I-MIBG), which is a structural analogue of norepinephrine and is able to selectively accumulate in the sympathetic nerve endings. This review includes a brief description of norepinephrine metabolism and pharmacokinetics of 123 I-MIBG in the sympathetic nerve ending, a brief description of the study methodology and the clinical significance of this method in patients with heart failure. Particular attention is paid to the possibilities of using this method in patients with severe chronic heart failure before and after CRT.
Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques of coronary arteries in patients with stable coronary artery disease: 12-months follow-up
Authors: Kochergin N. A. , Kochergina A. M. , Khorlampenko A. A. , Ganyukov V. I. , Shilov A. A. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: April 2020

Relevance. A key objective of modern cardiology is the assessment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) risk in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to develop preventive measures and choose optimal treatment strategies.Objective. Detect vulnerable plaques of non-target coronary arteries in patients with stable CAD during routine percutaneous coronary intervention using virtual-histology intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) and view their morphology over time.Materials and Methods. The prospective observational cohort study included 58 patients with stable CAD. After stenting of a target vessel, VH-IVUS was carried out in proximal and middle segments (6–8 cm) of a non-target coronary artery with no significant stenosis according to coronary angiography. Twelve months later, all patients underwent coronary angiography with re-IVUS of previously detected lesions. Death, myocardial infarction, rehospitalization, and unplanned myocardial revascularization due to vulnerable plaques were the endpoints of the study.Results. IVUS with virtual histology revealed 58 lesions of non-target coronary arteries in 56 (96.5 %) patients. Two patients had no lesions in non-target coronary arteries. A large necrotic core with thin cap (thin-cap fibroatheroma) was detected in 12 (20.7 %) plaques, six of which had additional ACS risk criteria (stenosis area >70 % and / or lumen area <4 mm2). Within the 12‑month follow-up period, three patients (one with a vulnerable plaque in IVUS) were hospitalized with a clinical picture of ACS. One cardiac death was registered in a patient with the IVUS vulnerable plaque. 7 of 12 vulnerable plaques stabilized in 12 months.Conclusion. 1) The data presented indicate a high rate (20.7 %) of vulnerable plaques of non-target coronary arteries in patients with stable CAD who underwent stenting; 2) Two (16.6 %) patients with vulnerable plaques reached endpoints (death and rehospitalization) within the 12‑month follow-up period; 3) An analysis of atherosclerotic plaques in non-target coronary arteries over time showed that vulnerable plaques stabilized and did not cause ACS in more than half of cases (7 of 12); 4) Plaques that were not vulnerable according to IVUS were not likely to destabilize within the 12‑month follow-up period.
The Incidence and Possible Predictors of Coronary Restenosis
Authors: Filatova A. Yu. , Romasov I. V. , Potekhina A. V. , Osokina A. K. , Noeva E. A. , Arefieva T. I. , Barabanova E. A. , Merkulov E. V. , Samko A. N. , Provatorov S. I.
Published: April 2020

Objective. Assess time and possible predictors of restenosis after the implantation of first- and second-generation coronary stents and bare metal stents (BMSs) in patients with stable coronary artery disease after elective coronary stenting.

Materials and Methods. From 2010 to 2014, 3,732 (2,897 males, 60 [53; 68] years old) patients with stable exertional angina of functional class I–III underwent coronary stenting. From 2014 to 2017, 1,487 (1,173 males and 314 females) patients returned. Repeat coronary angiography was performed in 699 patients.

Results. A total of 644 first-generation stents, 5,321 second-generation stents, and 473 BMSs were implanted. During the control coronary angiography, contrasting was repeated for 193 first-generation stents, 899 second-generation stents, and 77 BMSs. Restenosis (stenosis of 50 % or more in the previously stented segment) was detected in 28 (14 % of angiographic control) first-generation drug-eluting stents, 94 (10 %) second-generation drug-eluting stents, and 21 (27 %) BMSs. Patients with BMS restenosis returned significantly earlier than patients with restenosis of the first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents (11 [6, 27] months vs. 32 [11; 48]) months and 24 [12; 42] months, respectively; p<0.05). The initial and repeat levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were higher in patients with restenosis (2.2 [1.2, 5.0] mg / L vs. 2.1 [1.0, 4.6] mg / L, respectively; p> 0.05) than in patients without restenosis (2.0 [0.9, 4.2] mg / L vs. 1.9 [0.7, 3.5] mg / L respectively, p>0.05). Blood levels of hs-CRP ≥2 mg / L according to receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis at return visit were used as a predictor to identify restenosis of stents with a diameter <3 mm and a length >25 mm – area under the curve (AUC) 0.67 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.51–0.84), p <0.05, odds ratio 3.7 (95 % CI 1.1–12.1), p<0.05. Stent type had a significant effect on the time to restenosis in the survival analysis (p<0.0005).

Conclusion. The time from coronary stenting to the return visit of patients presenting with restenosis after the implantation of first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents is consistent; median time of the return visit of patients with restenosis of the first-generation stents was 2–3 years after coronary stenting. Blood levels of hs-CRP ≥2 mg / L at the return visit is a predictor of restenosis of stents with a diameter <3 mm and a length >25 mm.
The Study of Biochemical Factors of Calcification of Stable and Unstable Plaques in the Coronary Arteries of Man
Authors: Ragino Yu. I. , Kashtanova E. V. , Murashov I. S. , Volkov A. M. , Kurguzov A. V. , Sadovski E. V. , Maslatsov N. A. , Scherbakova L. V. , Chernjavskii A. M. , Polonskaya Ya. V.
Published: April 2020

Objective. The aim of the study was to study biochemical factors of calcification in stable and unstable plaques of coronary arteries and in the blood of patients with severe coronary atherosclerosis, to find associations of biochemical factors of calcification with the development of unstable atherosclerotic plaque.Materials and Methods. The study included 25 men aged 60,4±6,8 years who received coronary bypass surgery. In the course of the operation intraoperative indications in men were from coronary endarteriectomy (s) artery (a – d) and histological and biochemical analyses of the samples of the intima / media. Out of 85 fragments of intima / media of coronary arteries, 15 fragments of unchanged intima / media, 39 fragments of stable atheromatous plaque and 31 fragments of unstable plaque were determined. In homogenates of samples of intima / media (after measurement of protein by the method of Lowry) and in blood by ELISA were determined by biochemical factors of calcification: osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, an osteopontin, osteonectin, as well as inflammatory factors (cytokines, chemokines).Results. A significant direct correlation (Spearman coefficient =0.607, p<0.01) between the stages of atherosclerotic focus development to unstable plaque and the degree of calcification of atherosclerotic focus development samples was found. There was an increased content of osteocalcin in stable and unstable plaques by 3.3 times in comparison with the unchanged tissue of intima / media of coronary arteries, as well as in samples with small and dust-like, with coarse-grained calcifications in comparison with samples without calcifications by 2.8 and 2.1 times, respectively. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the relative risk of unstable atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with a reduced content of osteocalcin (OR=0.988, 95 % CI 0.978–0.999, p=0.028). Also, the relative risk of calcifications in the atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery is associated with an increased content of osteocalcin (OR=1,008, 95 % CI 1,001–1,015, p=0,035). In men with severe coronary atherosclerosis, a significant inverse correlation was found (Spearman coefficient –0.386, p=0.022) between the content of osteoprotegerin in the vascular wall and in the blood.
Soluble ST2 – as a biomarker, a tool for risk stratification and therapeutic target in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Kamardinov D. K. , Songurov R. N. , Ioshina V. I. , Buziashvili Yu. I.
Published: April 2020

This review focuses on possibilities of using soluble ST2 as a HF marker for diagnostics, stratification of risk of adverse events, and for evaluation of prognosis and treatment effectiveness in patients with CHF. Circulating biomarkers are an essential element of algorithms for diagnostics, stratification of risk, and evaluation of prognosis in patients with HF. The recognized “gold standard”, natriuretic peptides, has several well-known limitations, and multiple new candidate biomarkers have appeared in recent years. Soluble ST2, a marker of “mechanical myocardial stress”, is considered as one of the most promising new biomarkers. This review discusses possibilities of using it in clinical practice in CHF patients.
Combined Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients with a Stable Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: What Direction did COMPASS Show?
Authors: Kanorskii S. G.
Published: April 2020

In patients with stable ischemic heart disease (IHD) and/or peripheral artery disease (PAD), current secondary prevention, including the antiplatelet monotherapy, is associated with a significant residual risk of recurrent cardiovascular complications (CVC). Practical application of results from many modern studies evaluating the effect of secondary prevention of atherothrombosis is complicated. An additional influence on coagulation may play a key role in prevention of atherothrombosis. In the COMPASS study, adding rivaroxaban 2.5 mg, b.i.d., to the acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) monotherapy significantly reduced the risk of death from cardiovascular complications, myocardial infarction or stroke, or all-cause death compared to the ASA monotherapy, in patients with IHD or PAD. The combination antithrombotic therapy was associated with an increased risk of major, but not fatal, or intracranial bleeding. In addition, PAD patients had a reduced risk of severe ischemic lower limb complications, including amputations. According to the subgroup analysis in the COMPASS study, supplementing ASA with rivaroxaban 2.5 mg, b.i.d., may appear most beneficial for patients with stable atherosclerotic disease and with a high risk of severe CVC without causing an increased risk of bleeding.
EFFECT OF DEAN NUMBER ON THE HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF A HELICAL COIL TUBE WITH VARIABLE VELOCITY & PRESSURE INLET
Authors: NASHİNE Prerana , SİNGH Thokchom Subhaschandra
Published: April 2020

The heat transfer, friction factor, pressure difference, Nusselt number of a helical coil tube using variable pressure and velocity during inlet for various values of Dean number [ratio of coil diameter (D) to tube diameter (d)] has been studied using commercially available computational tool. A validation is performed using the computational tool through the experimental data and it was observed that the results are in good agreement. The helical coil of 0.3 m diameter with four (4) turns of inner diameter 0.01 m with length 3.77 has been modelled, meshed and analyzed for both laminar and turbulent flows of constant wall temperature and heat flux. A grid independence test is also performed. The results show that increase in Dean number increases the heat transfer of the helical tube. The increases in pressure have less effect on heat transfer during laminar flow while adverse effect can be observed during turbulent flow.
Laparoscopic evaluation and prevalence of endometriosis among infertile women: a prospective study
Authors: Sharfuddin Sana , Imam Nazar , Pradhan Anup
Published: April 2020

Background: Endometriosis can be defined as presence of endometrial mucosa outside the uterine cavity. There are no specific signs and symptoms of endometriosis and the presentation may vary depending upon the site of involvement. It is one of the common causes of subfertility and infertility in young women. The Management of endometriosis may include medical as well as surgical intervention. Laparoscopic interventions have found to have encouraging results in terms of increasing chances of fertility in young women with endometriosis.Methods: This was a prospective study in which women who had infertility and subsequently diagnosed to be having endometriosis were included. A detailed history was taken with particular emphasis on duration of symptoms, presence of additional co-morbidities and duration of infertility was recorded. Diagnostic laparoscopy was done in all the cases. Depending upon location and severity of endometriosis adhesiolysis, excision and ablation of endometrial lesions was done. Patients were followed up and successful pregnancies (spontaneous as well as secondary to assisted reproductive techniques) were recorded.Results: Out of 200 studied cases endometriosis was seen in 23 (11.5%) patients. the most common affected age group was between 26-30 years (47.83%). 18 patients (78.26%) had primary infertility whereas remaining 5 patients (21.74%) were found to have secondary infertility. The most common site was found to be ovaries which was found to be involved in all the cases. cystectomy (30.43%), endometrioma drainage and fulguration (13.04%) or adhesiolysis (34.78%) were the commonly done surgical interventions in cases. out of 18 patients who had successful ovulation following laparoscopic intervention 12 (66.66%) patients completed their pregnancies successfully.Conclusions: Laparoscopic interventions in patients with infertility have diagnostic as well as therapeutic value and are found to have good outcome in terms of successful pregnancy.
Hysterectomy: retrospective analysis of 476 cases
Authors: Bhugra Parul
Published: April 2020

Background: Diseases of the female genital tract are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Hysterectomy is the definite treatment for many of the pelvic pathologies. The present study is aimed at analysis of age and types of hysterectomy and evaluation of histopathological reports of the hysterectomy specimens.Methods: A total of 476 consecutive hysterectomy were studied over a period of two years from January 2016 to December 2017.Results: The peak age group of hysterectomy was 41-50 years with 221 (46.43%) cases. The commonest type of hysterectomy was abdominal. The most common endometrial pathology was atrophic endometrium, seen in 131 (27.52%) cases. In myometrium, the most common pathology was leiomyoma in 179 (37.61%) cases. Among cervical lesions, chronic cervicitis was the most common finding, seen in 274 (57.56%) cases.Conclusions: The experience with various types of hysterectomies at our institution has been reviewed. A wide spectrum of lesions were observed when histopathology reports of the hysterectomy specimens were analysed.
Study of implications of thyroid status over feto-maternal outcomes in pregnancy
Authors: Gedam Smruti , Bhushan Bharat
Published: April 2020

Background: Thyroid disorders are reported at clinically significant prevalence during pregnancy, affecting ~5% of all pregnancies. Maternal thyroid status during pregnancy purportedly affects fetal as well as maternal outcomes. The objective of present study was to analyse the relationship of thyroid status in pregnancy and various maternal and fetal outcomes.Methods: In this hospital based observational study, a total of 913 pregnant women were enrolled as per fixed criteria and all the study participants were screened for thyroid disorders. Further, they were followed up throughout pregnancy and puerperium and evaluated for various maternal and fetal complications by predefined outcome measures. The results were compared by subgroup analysis.Results: Of the 913 patients screened, 105 were diagnosed with thyroid abnormality and followed up till delivery, with newborn thyroid profile on day 7. Total 49 patients were diagnosed with anaemia (46.66%), of which 46 (43.80%) had subclinical hypothyroidism (p <0.05); along with pregnancy induced hypertension in 42 (40%) cases of which 40 (38.09%) had subclinical hypothyroidism were observed to have statistically significant associations. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (37, 35.23%) and prematurity (19, 18.1%) were the most common fetal occurrences; the association of IUGR and subclinical hypothyroidism being statically significant.Conclusions: Thyroid disorders during pregnancy are commonly associated with maternal and fetal complications and thyroid profile is recommended as universal screening method in early pregnancy to diagnose and start required treatment early.
Study of the role of hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage in post- menopausal bleeding: a cross sectional study
Authors: Padmawar Atul , Khande Ankita
Published: April 2020

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding is defined as any type of bleeding in which the duration, frequency or amount is excessive for an individual patient. Hysteroscopy has ushered a new era in the evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding. With this background, we conducted a study to find the role of hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage in post-menopausal bleeding.Methods: It was an observational study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology of a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra. Post-menopausal patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, admitted in the period of March 2018 to September 2019 were included in the study. A pretested and predesigned questionnaire was used to collect the data. Hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage was done and samples were sent for histopathology.Results: Bleeding was present in all the 30 cases. About 33.33% had pain abdomen, 56.67% had hot flushes, 10.00% had mass and 10% had other symptoms in the present study. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of hysteroscopy in diagnosing malignancy was 75%, 96.15%, 75%, 96.15% and 93.33% respectively.Conclusions: To conclude the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in post-menopausal women in our study was polyp. The sensitivity and specificity of the hysteroscopy in diagnosing the malignant lesions is 75% and 96.15% respectively which corroborated with other study findings. Hysteroscopy with dilation and curettage is better alternative to hysterectomy and biopsy in most of the cases.
Drotaverine hydrochloride versus valethamate bromide for cervical dilatation in labour: a comparative study
Authors: . Deepshikha , Soni Monica , Gupta Deepak , Godara Santosh
Published: April 2020

Background: Labor is the most perilous journey a woman has to undertake. Painless and short labor is desired by every woman and is a constant aim for obstetrician. Objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of drotaverine hydrochloride with valethamate bromide for cervical dilatation in labor in primigravida.Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, S. P. Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner, Rajasthan from 1st August 2018 to 31st July 2019 over a period of 1 year. Total of 300 patients were included in the study with 150 patients in each of the two groups. In this study the effects of Drotaverine hydrochloride (Group A) and Valethamate bromide (Group B) on cervical dilatation were compared.Results: In our study, the mean drug delivery interval was 101.58±78.06 mins in Group A and 134.24±94.12 mins in Group B. The mean number of doses of drug required was 1.27±0.55 in Group A and 4.17±1.62 in Group B.  The difference was statistically highly significant (p <0.001).Conclusions: Drotaverine hydrochloride is found to be better than valethamate bromide in shortening the duration of active phase of labor in primigravidae. Drotaverine was found to be a better drug, hence, can be used to reduce the agony of the laboring woman without any significant side effects on the mother or the fetus.
Clomiphene citrate versus letrozole for ovulation induction in anovulatory infertility: a prospective study
Authors: Soni Monica , Kalal Gajendra Kumar , Meena Arti , Sharma Anita
Published: April 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to compare clomiphene citrate with letrozole for ovulation induction in anovulatory infertile women.Methods: This study was conducted in the infertility clinic and department of obstetrics and gynecology, S.P. Medical College and Associated P. B. M. Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan, from 1st August 2018 to 31st July 2019. The study group comprised of infertile females attending infertility clinic or gynae outdoor in department of obstetrics and gynecology, S. P. Medical College Bikaner for infertility. 100 women with anovulatory infertility were enrolled in the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Proper counseling was done and written informed consent taken.Results: Ovulation rate was statistically significantly greater in letrozole group. Monofollicular development was statistically significant greater in let group (CC 18%, Let 66%). The endometrial thickness on the day of ßhCG administration in CC group was 7.40±1.08 mm and in let group was 8.20±0.82 mm. Letrozole treated cases had better trilaminar pattern of endometrium as compared to clomiphene. The pregnancy rate was higher in letrozole group.Conclusions: As compare to clomiphene, letrozole is associated with higher pregnancy rate and ovulation rates among infertile women with anovulation.