bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A unique serum IgG glycosylation signature predicts development of Crohn’s disease and is associated with pathogenic antibodies to mannose glycan
Authors: Gaifem Joana , Rodrigues Cláudia S. , Petralia Francesca , Alves Inês , Leite-Gomes Eduarda , Cavadas Bruno , Dias Ana M. , Moreira-Barbosa Catarina , Revés Joana , Laird Renee M. , Novokmet Mislav , Štambuk Jerko , Habazin Siniša , Turhan Berk , Gümüş Zeynep H. , Ungaro Ryan , Torres Joana , Lauc Gordan , Colombel Jean-Frederic , Porter Chad K. , Pinho Salomé S.
Published: July 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation in the gut. There is growing evidence in Crohn’s disease (CD) of the existence of a preclinical period characterized by immunological changes preceding symptom onset that starts years before diagnosis. Gaining insight into this preclinical phase will allow disease prediction and prevention. Analysis of preclinical serum samples, up to 6 years before IBD diagnosis (from the PREDICTS cohort), revealed the identification of a unique glycosylation signature on circulating antibodies (IgGs) characterized by lower galactosylation levels of the IgG fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain that remained stable until disease diagnosis. This specific IgG2 Fc glycan trait correlated with increased levels of antimicrobial antibodies, specifically anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA), pinpointing a glycome–ASCA hub detected in serum that predates by years the development of CD. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that this agalactosylated glycoform of ASCA IgG, detected in the preclinical phase, elicits a proinflammatory immune pathway through the activation and reprogramming of innate immune cells, such as dendritic cells and natural killer cells, via an FcγR-dependent mechanism, triggering NF-κB and CARD9 signaling and leading to inflammasome activation. This proinflammatory role of ASCA was demonstrated to be dependent on mannose glycan recognition and galactosylation levels in the IgG Fc domain. The pathogenic properties of (anti-mannose) ASCA IgG were validated in vivo. Adoptive transfer of antibodies to mannan (ASCA) to recipient wild-type mice resulted in increased susceptibility to intestinal inflammation that was recovered in recipient FcγR-deficient mice. Here we identify a glycosylation signature in circulating IgGs that precedes CD onset and pinpoint a specific glycome–ASCA pathway as a central player in the initiation of inflammation many years before CD diagnosis. This pathogenic glyco-hub may constitute a promising new serum biomarker for CD prediction and a potential target for disease prevention.
Multi-generational benefits of genetic rescue
Authors: Onorato Dave P. , Cunningham Mark W. , Lotz Mark , Criffield Marc , Shindle David , Johnson Annette , Clemons Bambi C. F. , Shea Colin P. , Roelke-Parker Melody E. , Johnson Warren E. , McClintock Brett T. , Pilgrim Kristine L. , Schwartz Michael K. , Oli Madan K.
Published: July 2024

Genetic rescue—an increase in population fitness following the introduction of new alleles—has been proven to ameliorate inbreeding depression in small, isolated populations, yet is rarely applied as a conservation tool. A lingering question regarding genetic rescue in wildlife conservation is how long beneficial effects persist in admixed populations. Using data collected over 40 years from 1192 endangered Florida panthers (Puma concolor coryi) across nine generations, we show that the experimental genetic rescue implemented in 1995—via the release of eight female pumas from Texas—alleviated morphological, genetic, and demographic correlates of inbreeding depression, subsequently preventing extirpation of the population. We present unequivocal evidence, for the first time in any terrestrial vertebrate, that genetic and phenotypic benefits of genetic rescue remain in this population after five generations of admixture, which helped increase panther abundance (> fivefold) and genetic effective population size (> 20-fold). Additionally, even with extensive admixture, microsatellite allele frequencies in the population continue to support the distinctness of Florida panthers from other North American puma populations, including Texas. Although threats including habitat loss, human-wildlife conflict, and infectious diseases are challenges to many imperiled populations, our results suggest genetic rescue can serve as an effective, multi-generational tool for conservation of small, isolated populations facing extinction from inbreeding.
Predicting hormone receptor status in invasive breast cancer through radiomics analysis of long-axis and short-axis ultrasound planes
Authors: Wu Jiangfeng , Ge Lifang , Guo Yinghong , Zhao Anli , Yao Jincao , Wang Zhengping , Xu Dong
Published: July 2024

The hormone receptor (HR) status plays a significant role in breast cancer, serving as the primary guide for treatment decisions and closely correlating with prognosis. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of radiomics analysis in long-axis and short-axis ultrasound planes for distinguishing between HR-positive and HR-negative breast cancers. A cohort of 505 patients from two hospitals was stratified into discovery (Institute 1, 416 patients) and validation (Institute 2, 89 patients) cohorts. A comprehensive set of 788 ultrasound radiomics features was extracted from both long-axis and short-axis ultrasound planes, respectively. Utilizing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, distinct models were constructed for the long-axis and short-axis data. Subsequently, radiomics scores (Rad-scores) were computed for each patient. Additionally, a combined model was formulated by integrating data from long-axis and short-axis Rad-scores along with clinical factors. The diagnostic efficacy of all models was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). The long-axis and short-axis models, consisting of 11 features and 15 features, respectively, were established, yielding AUCs of 0.743 and 0.751 in the discovery cohort, and 0.795 and 0.744 in the validation cohort. The calculated long-axis and short-axis Rad-scores exhibited significant differences between HR-positive and HR-negative groups across all cohorts (all p < 0.001). Univariate analysis identified ultrasound-reported tumor size as an independent predictor. The combined model, incorporating long-axis and short-axis Rad-scores along with tumor size, achieved superior AUCs of 0.788 and 0.822 in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively. The combined model effectively distinguishes between HR-positive and HR-negative breast cancers based on ultrasound radiomics features and tumor size, which may offer a valuable tool to facilitate treatment decision making and prognostic assessment.
Evidence for faulting and fluid-driven earthquake processes from seismic attenuation variations beneath metropolitan Los Angeles
Authors: Nardoni Chiara , Persaud Patricia
Published: July 2024

Seismicity in the Los Angeles metropolitan area has been primarily attributed to the regional stress loading. Below the urban areas, earthquake sequences have occurred over time showing migration off the faults and providing evidence that secondary processes may be involved in their evolution. Combining high-frequency seismic attenuation with other geophysical observations is a powerful tool for understanding which Earth properties distinguish regions with ongoing seismicity. We develop the first high-resolution 3D seismic attenuation models across the region east of downtown Los Angeles using 5,600 three-component seismograms from local earthquakes recorded by a dense seismic array. We present frequency-dependent peak delay and coda-attenuation tomography as proxies for seismic scattering and absorption, respectively. The scattering models show high sensitivity to the seismicity along some of the major faults, such as the Cucamonga fault and the San Jacinto fault zone, while a channel of low scattering in the basement extends from near the San Andreas fault westward. In the vicinity of the Fontana seismic sequence, high absorption, low scattering, and seismicity migration across a fault network suggest fluid-driven processes. Our attenuation and fault network imaging characterize near-fault zones and rock-fluid properties beneath the study area for future improvements in seismic hazard evaluation.
Environmental complexity impacts anxiety in broiler chickens depending on genetic strain and body weight
Authors: Ulans Alexandra , Brooks George C. , Jacobs Leonie
Published: July 2024

The objective was to assess the impact of environmental complexity on affective state (anxiety) in fast- and slow-growing broilers (Gallus gallus domesticus) as they gain weight. Six hundred fast-growing broilers (Ross 708; “fast-growers”) and 600 slow-growing broilers (Hubbard Redbro Mini; “slow-growers”) were raised in 24 pens with simple (standard; SE) or complex (permanent and temporary enrichments; CE) environments. Six birds/pen underwent the attention bias test on day 23 (fast-growers only), 28–29, 35–36, 42–43, and 56–57 (slow-growers only), with individuals only tested once (n = 576). Proportion of birds feeding, time spent vigilant and latencies to eat and step were recorded. Greater vigilance and longer latencies indicate more anxiety. Slow-growers fed more (p = 0.001), were less vigilant (p = 0.003), and stepped sooner than fast-growers (p = 0.007). For both strains, likelihood of feeding was unrelated to weight in SE, but decreased with increasing weight in CE (p = 0.048). Birds in CE stepped sooner than birds in SE (p = 0.030). Vigilance increased with body weight (p = 0.024). These results indicate that affective state (anxiety) can change as birds gain weight, depending on environmental complexity and genetic strain. Overall, slow-growers showed reduced anxiety compared to fast-growers, across housing treatments or weights.
Insights into mycobacteriome composition in Mycobacterium bovis-infected African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) tissue samples
Authors: Ghielmetti Giovanni , Kerr Tanya J. , Bernitz Netanya , Mhlophe Sinegugu K. , Streicher Elizma , Loxton Andre G. , Warren Robin M. , Miller Michele A. , Goosen Wynand J.
Published: July 2024

Animal tuberculosis significantly challenges global health, agriculture, and wildlife conservation efforts. Mycobacterial cultures are resource-intensive, time-consuming, and challenged by heterogeneous populations. In this study, we employed a culture-independent approach, using targeted long-read-based next-generation sequencing (tNGS), to investigate the mycobacterial composition in 60 DNA samples extracted from Mycobacterium bovis infected culture-confirmed African buffalo tissue. We detected mycobacterial DNA in 93.3% of the samples and the sensitivity for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) was 91.7%, demonstrating a high concordance of our culture-independent tNGS approach with mycobacterial culture results. In five samples, we identified heterogenous mycobacterial populations with various non-tuberculous mycobacteria, including members of the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), M. smegmatis, and M. komaniense. The latter Mycobacterium species was described in South Africa from bovine nasal swabs and environmental samples from the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, which was the origin of the buffalo samples in the present study. This finding suggests that exposure to environmental mycobacteria may confound detection of MTBC in wildlife. In conclusion, our approach represents a promising alternative to conventional methods for detecting mycobacterial DNA. This high-throughput technique enables rapid differentiation of heterogeneous mycobacterial populations, which will contribute valuable insights into the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and microbial synergy during mycobacterial infections.
Reshaping tumor microenvironment by regulating local cytokines expression with a portable smart blue-light controlled device
Authors: Wang Hui Rong , Zhang Yi , Mo Yue Jian , Zhang Zhan , Chen Rui , Lu Xi Bin , Huang Wei
Published: July 2024

Cytokines have attracted sustained attention due to their multi-functional cellular response in immunotherapy. However, their application was limited to their short half-time, narrow therapeutic window, and undesired side effects. To address this issue, we developed a portable smart blue-light controlled (PSLC) device based on optogenetic technology. By combining this PSLC device with blue-light controlled gene modules, we successfully achieved the targeted regulation of cytokine expression within the tumor microenvironment. To alter the tumor microenvironment of solid tumors, pro-inflammatory cytokines were selected as blue-light controlled molecules. The results show that blue-light effectively regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. This strategy leads to enhanced and activated tumor-infiltrating immune cells, which facilitated to overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment, resulting in significant tumor shrinkage in tumor-bearing mice. Hence, our study offers a unique strategy for cytokine therapy and a convenient device for animal studies in optogenetic immunotherapy.
The ASC inflammasome adapter governs SAA-derived protein aggregation in inflammatory amyloidosis
Authors: Losa Marco , Emmenegger Marc , De Rossi Pierre , Schürch Patrick M , Serdiuk Tetiana , Pengo Niccolò , Capron Danaëlle , Bieli Dimitri , Bargenda Niklas , Rupp Niels J , Carta Manfredi C , Frontzek Karl J , Lysenko Veronika , Reimann Regina R , Schwarz Petra , Nuvolone Mario , Westermark Gunilla T , Nilsson K Peter R , Polymenidou Magdalini , Theocharides Alexandre PA , Hornemann Simone , Picotti Paola , Aguzzi Adriano
Published: July 2024

Extracellularly released molecular inflammasome assemblies -ASC specks- cross-seed Aβ amyloid in Alzheimer’s disease. Here we show that ASC governs the extent of inflammation-induced amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, a systemic disease caused by the aggregation and peripheral deposition of the acute-phase reactant serum amyloid A (SAA) in chronic inflammatory conditions. Using super-resolution microscopy, we found that ASC colocalized tightly with SAA in human AA amyloidosis. Recombinant ASC specks accelerated SAA fibril formation and mass spectrometry after limited proteolysis showed that ASC interacts with SAA via its pyrin domain (PYD). In a murine model of inflammatory AA amyloidosis, splenic amyloid load was conspicuously decreased in Pycard−/− mice which lack ASC. Treatment with anti-ASCPYD antibodies decreased amyloid loads in wild-type mice suffering from AA amyloidosis. The prevalence of natural anti-ASC IgG (−logEC50 ≥ 2) in 19,334 hospital patients was <0.01%, suggesting that anti-ASC antibody treatment modalities would not be confounded by natural autoimmunity. These findings expand the role played by ASC and IL-1 independent inflammasome employments to extraneural proteinopathies and suggest that anti-ASC immunotherapy may contribute to resolving such diseases.
The RhoB p.S73F mutation leads to cerebral palsy through dysregulation of lipid homeostasis
Authors: Wu Xinyu , Liu Ruonan , Zhang Zhongtian , Yang Jie , Liu Xin , Jiang Liqiang , Fang Mengmeng , Wang Shoutang , Lai Liangxue , Song Yuning , Li Zhanjun
Published: July 2024

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent neurological disorder that imposes a significant burden on children, families, and society worldwide. Recently, the RhoB p.S73F mutation was identified as a de novo mutation associated with CP. However, the mechanism by which the RhoB p.S73F mutation causes CP is currently unclear. In this study, rabbit models were generated to mimic the human RhoB p.S73F mutation using the SpG-BE4max system, and exhibited the typical symptoms of human CP, such as periventricular leukomalacia and spastic-dystonic diplegia. Further investigation revealed that the RhoB p.S73F mutation could activate ACAT1 through the LYN pathway, and the subsequently altered lipid levels may lead to neuronal and white matter damage resulting in the development of CP. This study presented the first mammalian model of genetic CP that accurately replicates the RhoB p.S73F mutation in humans, provided further insights between RhoB and lipid metabolism, and novel therapeutic targets for human CP.
Metal cations recognition by bowl-shaped N-pyrrolic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Szeląg Daria , Cyniak Jakub S. , Ażgin Joachim , Wagner Jakub , Lindner Marcin , Wróblewski Wojciech , Kasprzak Artur
Published: July 2024

Supramolecular interactions between metal cations and bowl-shaped N-pyrrolic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were evidenced using potentiometry, spectrofluorimetry, and theoretical calculations (DFT).
Harnessing reductive BF2-complexation via Ru(ii)-catalyzed N–O cleavage of isoxazoles
Authors: Panigrahi Pritishree , Ghosh Subhendu , Khandelia Tamanna , Tripathi Gyanesh , Mandal Raju , Patel Bhisma K.
Published: July 2024

A Ru(ii)-catalyzed reductive N,O-bidentate BF2-complexation of isoxazole via a selective N–O bond cleavage is demonstrated.
Design of hollow structured nanoreactors for liquid-phase hydrogenations
Authors: Pi Yutong , Li Haitao , Liu Jian
Published: July 2024

This review systematically summarizes and discusses the recent developments in synthetic chemistry, catalytic mechanisms, and outlook of hollow structured nanoreactors.
An inorganic molten salt electrolyte-based Li–CO2 battery with moderate working temperature and enhanced performance
Authors: Sun Xinyi , Wang Di , Wen Zhang , Li Wei , Zhou Haoshen , He Ping
Published: July 2024

The molten salt-based Li–CO2 battery exhibits a larger discharge capacity of 4612 mA h g−1 and a lower voltage gap of 1.58 V than those of the battery using 1 M LiTFSI/TEGDME organic electrolyte.
Radical alkylation and protonation induced anti-Markovnikov hydroalkylation of unactivated olefins via cobalt catalysis
Authors: Huang Shanshan , Chen Xiaoyang , Xu Zhangwenyi , Zeng Xiaobao , Xiong Biao , Qiu Xiaodong
Published: July 2024

A cobalt catalyzed reductive hydroalkylation of unactivated olefins with anti-Markovnikov selectivity was reported to access complex alkyl amides.
Self-trapped emissions in 2D lead-free halide perovskites driven by divalent spacer cations
Authors: Freitas Andre L. M. , Tofanello Aryane , Caturello Naidel A. M. S. , Barbosa Karla K. F. , Ferreira Fabio F.
Published: July 2024

Investigation of sodium/indium-based 2D double perovskites with mono- and divalent organic spacers reveals significant optoelectronic impacts in a novel lead-free Dion–Jacobson phase due to octahedral distortions.
Radiopharmaceutical-activated silicon naphthalocyanine nanoparticles towards tumor photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Tingting , Li Jingchao , Zhang Xun , Li Chengao , Ming Jiang , Li Jian , Zhang Dongsheng , Yang Jun , Liu Nian , Su Xinhui
Published: July 2024

18F-FDG as the internal light was employed to excite silicon naphthalocyanine nanoparticles for 1O2 tumor photodynamic therapy.
Supramolecular chirality capture in solvent monomer-based co-assemblies via in situ photopolymerization
Authors: Long Zefeng , Zheng Shuyuan , Zhou Weiqiang , Liu Guofeng
Published: July 2024

The supramolecular chirality of a co-assembly of pyridine-cholesterol gelator and solvent monomer is captured via in situ photopolymerization. Doping with achiral dyes enables the creation of multi-color CPL polymer films with inverted handedness.
Symthons reveal how fluorine disrupts π–π stacking in halobenzene crystal structures
Authors: Black Simon N. , Davey Roger J.
Published: July 2024

Halobenzenes containing fluorine are clumsy, floppy or slippy (as shown) when crystallising.
A fully dynamical description of time-resolved resonant inelastic X-ray scattering of pyrazine
Authors: Freibert Antonia , Mendive-Tapia David , Vendrell Oriol , Huse Nils
Published: July 2024

A fully time-dependent approach for transient RIXS simulations using the MCTDH method is presented featuring calculations at the nitrogen K-edge of pyrazine.
Enhanced electron transport and optical properties of experimentally synthesized monolayer Si9C15: a comprehensive DFT study for nanoelectronics and photocatalytic applications
Authors: Xu Yuehua , Li Daqing
Published: July 2024

Enhanced electron transport and photocatalytic efficiency of experimentally synthesized monolayer Si9C15.
On the composition and isomerism effect in the thermal and structural properties of choline chloride/hydroxyphenol deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Casu Paolo , Busato Matteo , Palluzzi Matteo , Spezia Riccardo , D’Angelo Paola
Published: July 2024

The structural and thermal properties of mixtures formed by choline chloride and hydroxyphenol isomers at various compositions have been investigated to determine the most promising deep eutectic solvent system.
Automated exploration of the conformational degrees of freedom along reaction profiles - driving a FASTCAR
Authors: Gayraud Oscar , Courbière Bastien , Guégan Frédéric
Published: July 2024

FASTCAR is a tool allowing an easy exploration of the conformation degrees of freedom along molecular reaction paths, by the automatic pruning of conformers ensembles from CREST via RSMD and frequency evaluations, followed by full DFT optimisations.
Combined experimental and computational study of the reactivity of the methanimine radical cation (H2CNH˙+) and its isomer aminomethylene (HCNH2˙+) with propene (CH3CHCH2)
Authors: Richardson Vincent , Sundelin David , Romanzin Claire , Thissen Roland , Alcaraz Christian , Polášek Miroslav , Guillemin Jean-Claude , Žabka Jan , Geppert Wolf D , Ascenzi Daniela
Published: July 2024

Combined experimental and computational study of the astrochemically relevant reaction of HCNH2˙+ and H2CNH˙+ radical cations with propene (C3H6).
The mechanisms underlying Li+/Mg2+ separation in ZIF-8 under an electric field from atomistic simulations
Authors: Fu Xiang-Long , Zheng Fan , Xie Shi-Jie , Ji Yan-Li , Gao Cong-Jie
Published: July 2024

Distinct Mg2+ and Li+ passage mechanisms in ZIF-8: Mg2+via window expansion and Li+via window expansion and partial dehydration.
HO2˙ as a potential reactant for the bimolecular reaction of tert-butoxy radicals in the atmosphere
Authors: Rai Philips Kumar , Kumar Amit , Kumar Pradeep
Published: July 2024

What decides the fate of tert-butoxy radicals in the atmosphere.
Facile room-temperature synthesis of layered transition metal phosphonates via hitherto unknown alkali metal tert-butyl phosphonates
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Ghatak Aheli , Murugavel Ramaswamy
Published: July 2024

A facile room-temperature synthetic method is presented to produce alkali metal salts of tert-butyl phosphonic acid.
A wiping-type semiconductor–liquid generator utilizing water-bearing solid materials and hydrated biological tissues
Authors: Liu Zhaoqi , Lin Shiquan , Yang Peng , Qin Siyao , Hu Jun , Chen Xiangyu
Published: July 2024

This paper introduces a novel wiping-type semiconductor–liquid generator for efficient microenergy harvesting, and leverage underwater Kelvin probe microscopy to deepen our understanding of energy generation at solid–liquid interfaces.
Emerging investigator series: mitigation of harmful algal blooms by electrochemical ozonation: from bench-scale studies to field applications
Authors: Yang Shasha , Quispe Cardenas Luz Estefanny , Fariha Athkia , Shetewi Nada , Melgarejo Cazares Victor , Yang Nanyang , McCaffrey Lewis , Wright Nicole , Twiss Michael R. , Wang Siwen , Grimberg Stefan J. , Yang Yang
Published: July 2024

Harmful algal blooms threaten ecosystems and water safety, necessitating rapid treatment strategies. This study developed an electrochemical ozonation process to realize simultaneous cyanobacteria inactivation and microcystin removal.
Restoring translational symmetry in periodic all-orbital dynamical mean-field theory simulations
Authors: Li Jiachen , Zhu Tianyu
Published: July 2024

The use of overlapping atom-centered impurity fragments in recently-developed ab initio all-orbital DMFT, where all local orbitals within the impurity are treated with high-level quantum chemistry impurity solvers, is investigated.
Determining the sources of (sub)permil-level inaccuracy during laser ablation-MC-ICPMS boron isotope measurements of carbonates
Authors: Coenen Douglas , Evans David , Jurikova Hana , Dumont Matthew , Rae James , Müller Wolfgang
Published: July 2024

New empirical evidence for the different sources of inaccuracy during boron isotope measurement of carbonates using (LA-)MC-ICPMS.
Dispersion-free inertial focusing (DIF) for high-yield polydisperse micro-particle filtration and analysis
Authors: Lee Kelvin C. M. , Chung Bob M. F. , Siu Dickson M. D. , Ho Sam C. K. , Ng Daniel K. H. , Tsia Kevin K.
Published: July 2024

We developed dispersion-free inertial focusing to overcome the inherent (size-)dispersion of inertial focusing which imposes challenges on applications requiring uniform positioning of polydisperse particles, e.g., microfiltration and flow cytometry.
Polydiacetylene/copolymer sensors to detect lung cancer breath volatile organic compounds
Authors: Tjandra Angie Davina , Chandrawati Rona
Published: July 2024

Polydiacetylene/copolymer paper sensors were developed to detect five breath volatile organic compounds indicative of early lung cancer, including ethylbenzene, 2-butanone, hexanal, 2-ethylhexanol, and undecane.
Triggered integer charge transfer: energy-level alignment at an organic-2D material interface
Authors: Schaal Maximilian , Baby Anu , Gruenewald Marco , Otto Felix , Forker Roman , Fratesi Guido , Fritz Torsten
Published: July 2024

Weakly interacting systems such as organic molecules on monolayers of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) offer the possibility of single integer charge transfer leading to the formation of organic ions.
Synthesis of cheese-shaped capacitive covalent organic frameworks for lithium ion batteries by microwave ultrasonic coupling
Authors: Cai Yueji , Yu Chao , Zhu Xiang , Li Fanggang , Zhou Hu , Meng Chunfeng , Chen Haiqun , Shen Yingzhong , Tao Xian , Yuan Aihua
Published: July 2024

Triphenylene-based covalent organic frameworks (TP-COFs) named Mw-4@U with a cheese-shaped architecture have been successfully used as anode electrode materials for LIBs for the first time, aided by microwave ultrasonic assembly.
Shedding light on the molecular interactions during the aging process of yellow ochre pigment in oil employed in art paints
Authors: Costa Thiago G. , Horn Adolfo , Micke Gustavo A. , Bretanha Lizandra C. , Ballestre Maira , Barbosa Rafaela da S. , Mangrich Antônio S. , Fornari Mayara R. , Matos Tassya T. S.
Published: July 2024

Interactions between the yellow ochre pigment and oil hydrolysis/oxidation products were characterized in commercial art and restoration paint.
The metal–support interaction induced catalytic activity enhancement of Pt/TiO2 for hydrogen production from formic acid
Authors: Cai Jiaping , Liu Sifan , Wang Xuejing , Huang Xiaohui , Xu Juan , Zhang Yanhui
Published: July 2024

Among the composites with different noble metal loadings, the unique interaction between Pt and TiO2 resulted in a superior catalytic performance for the preparation of hydrogen from formic acid.
Catalytic function of ionic liquids in polyethylene terephthalate glycolysis by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nosir Mohamed Ahmed , Ortuño Manuel Angel
Published: July 2024

This computational work provides an atomic description of the solvation scenario of PET glycolysis using ionic liquid catalysts, showing the distinct role of anions and cations in the process.
A first systematic characterization of cataclysmic variables in SRG/eROSITA surveys
Authors: Schwope A. D. , Knauff K. , Kurpas J. , Salvato M. , Stelzer B. , Stütz L. , Tubín-Arenas D.
Published: July 2024

We present an account of known cataclysmic variables (CVs) that were detected as X-ray sources in eROSITA X-ray surveys and have Gaia DR3 counterparts. We address standard CVs with main sequence donors and white dwarfs accreting via Roche-lobe overflow (RLOF) and related objects, the double degenerates (DDs), and the symbiotic stars (SySts). We discern between nonmagnetic (dwarf novae and nova-like objects) and magnetic CVs (polars and intermediate polars (IPs)). In the publically available eROSITA catalog from the recent DR1, typically 65% of known cataloged and classified CVs are detected. This fraction rises to over 90% if the stack of all eROSITA X-ray surveys (called S45 in this paper) is considered and the search volume is restricted to a radius of 500 pc. We examine the various classes of CVs in various diagnostic diagrams relating X-ray and optical properties (luminosity, absolute magnitude, color, X-ray spectral hardness, and optical variability) and establish their average class properties. We derive spectral properties for the 22 brightest polars and confirm an increase in the ratio of soft to hard X-rays with increasing magnetic field in the accretion region. We report three new soft IPs and present a spectral analysis of all soft IPs. Their blackbody temperatures agree well with published values. The DDs represent the bluest and faintest subcategory but reach the same identification fraction as the standard CVs. The SySts are the most distant systems; only 20 (13%) were detected as X-ray sources in S45, and 7 of those are first-time detections. We investigate their mean properties using an upper limit on the flux of the nondetected CVs. Their X-ray nondetection is indeed a distance effect. We used all properties combined to select candidate CVs for all-sky optical identification programs, with the ultimate aim being to compose large CV samples in order to better constrain the impact of magnetic fields on the evolution of CVs, to derive space densities and luminosity functions, and to quantify the contribution of white-dwarf accreting systems to the Galactic Ridge X-ray emission (GRXE). The results of the optical identification program will be presented in forthcoming papers.
Geological evaluation of landslide engineering in southern mountainous areas of Henan province
Authors: Xu Jiangtao , Sun Chengyong
Published: July 2024

On the basis of analyzing the surrounding environmental conditions and the basic characteristics of potential landslides, the stability of potential landslides was analyzed, calculated, and evaluated. On this basis, the development trend and risk assessment of potential landslides were obtained, and prevention plans were proposed, which have a certain role in preventing landslide disasters.
Optimization of Well Layout Direction of Tertiary Infill Wells in Water Drive from the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors: Shi Fuli
Published: July 2024

In this study, SAA (Simulated annealing algorithm) is used to optimize the well layout direction of tertiary infilling wells by water flooding. The specific research includes: (1) constructing a mathematical model for optimizing the well layout direction of tertiary infilling wells by water flooding; Design the search strategy of SAA; Simulation experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm; Analyze the experimental results and put forward optimization suggestions. The simulation results show that the oil recovery after optimization is about 10% higher than that before optimization. This result directly proves the effectiveness of SAA in the optimization of well layout direction of tertiary infill wells by water flooding. At the same time, the convergence of the algorithm is good in the optimization process, which shows that the SAA is efficient in solving this problem. And the algorithm in this paper has good stability and consistency in many experiments. This result verifies the effectiveness and adaptability of the algorithm in this paper, and provides strong support for the practical application in oilfield development. Through this study, it is expected to provide new ideas and methods for optimizing the well layout direction of tertiary infilling wells by water flooding, and promote the innovation and development of oilfield development technology.
Assessment of soil pollution by petroleum products in cities of Karaganda region
Authors: Tsoy Natalya , Tseshkovskaya Yelena , Oralova Aigul , Akhmetova Alma , Serykh Natalya
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to assessing soil pollution with petroleum products in the cities of the Karaganda region and developing recommendations for its improvement. The environmental survey consisted of determining the content of petroleum products in the soil. The article presents the results of the analysis of 40 soil samples at 20 points in the city of Karaganda and 12 soil samples at 6 points in the city of Temirtau (at a depth of 0-5 and 5-20 cm) for the content of petroleum products. In addition, studies of the influence of roads on soil cover were carried out by analyzing soil samples taken near the Karaganda-Temirtau highway. Analysis of the results obtained showed that there is an almost universal excess of the maximum permissible concentration for petroleum products in the cities of the Karaganda region. The data obtained served as the basis for the recommendations proposed in the article for improving soil quality in the region under study.
Dynamics of physico-chemical properties and safety indicators of fermented wheat bran
Authors: Karmazin A.P. , Mironova O.A. , Mironova A.A.
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the study of quality and safety indicators of wheat bran under the influence of microbiological fermentation. Wheat bran is the main by-product of deep processing of wheat, formed at the stage of grain purification and crushing, and accounts for about 15% of its weight. The purpose of our research was to study the effect of microbiological fermentation of wheat bran on the quality and safety of the resulting product during fermentation for 12 and 24 hours. It was found that after 12- and 24-hour fermentation of wheat bran with Lesnov's starter culture, the mass fraction of protein, soluble carbohydrates, starch increased; the mass fraction of moisture, fat, and crude fiber content decreased in comparison with the initial level; pH shifted to the alkaline side. CFU/g of mold fungi and yeast cells, the content of mycotoxins, pesticides, nitrates and nitrites, heavy metals, GMOs in wheat bran were in quantities below the minimum MAC level both before and after fermentation, regardless of the fermentation time.
Selenium Nanoparticles Improves Morpho-Physio-Biochemical Traits and Cadmium Stress Tolerance in Garden Mint using Seedling Root Dip Feeding
Authors: Jamshed Nida , Fatima Komal , Ashraf Kamran , Hussain Afzal , Sultan Khawar , Zaman Qamar uz
Published: July 2024

Due to extensive global contamination of agricultural soils with cadmium (Cd), there is a dire need for cost-effective and practical methods to ensure the production of safe food. The recent introduction of micronutrients in nano form has been found to reduce the accumulation of Cd in crops. A greenhouse pot-culture experiment was done to investigate the effects of selenium nanoparticles (0, 10, 20 and 30 mgL-1) applied by seedling root dipping technique on the growth, biomass, physio-biochemical and antioxidant potential of mint grown under induced cadmium stress (25 mg kg-1of soil using CdCl2). Findings revealed that application of selenium nanoparticles considerably improved tissues biomass, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activities in the mint plants. In addition, the application of Se nanoparticles in optimal concentration improved the relative water contents (7.26%), and decreased the electrolyte leakage (32.96%) in plant tissues. Selenium nanoparticles exhibited a dose-additive effect in reducing the levels of malondialdehyde cadmium in tissues of mint plants. Selenium nanoparticles at 20 mg L-1 demonstrated more efficacy than other levels under control and Cd stressed conditions. These findings indicate that seedling root dip feeding of selenium nanoparticles is an efficient approach and could be recommended for remediation of Cd contaminated soils.
Ecological networks as a means for maintaining the sustainability of agroecosystems in Bryansk Oblast
Authors: Nekrich Alina
Published: July 2024

Bryansk Oblast is one of the most vulnerable regions to the effects of agricultural and industrial activities resulting in ecosystems’ sustainability decreasing. For the last decade, agricultural sector has been developing rapidly and now overtakes the industrial one. The dynamics of agricultural lands has positive trends in spite of the rising fragility of agroecosystems exposing them to further degradation. The goal of the study is to show a spatial distribution of the most vulnerable ecosystems involved in agricultural use on the territory of Bryansk Oblast and to propose an optimal structure of ecological networks that is able to support landscape sustainability during agricultural activity. Based on the technique for identifying the combination of agroecosystems with destabilizing features and protective properties, four ecological belts that form ecological networks were revealed. These belts consist of 65 sites of high nature concentration. The results of this research correlate well with the modern territorial planning scheme of Bryansk Oblast. Ecological networks are viewed as a necessary element of this scheme, as they will be able to mitigate the environmental impact of agriculture and to maintain the sustainability of agroecosystems at both the regional and intraregional level.
Destructive Arthritis in Paediatric Behçet’s Disease: A Case
Report
Authors: Soares Catarina Dantas , Parente Hugo , Pontes-Ferreira Maria , Cunha Anita , Santos-Faria Daniela
Published: July 2024

Introduction Behçet’s disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory disease that
affects blood vessels of any calibre and has a relapsing and remitting course.
Its main features include recurrent oral and genital ulcers, other skin lesions
such as pseudo-folliculitis and erythema nodosum, but also uveitis and
arthritis. Arthritis in BD is usually described as mono or oligoarticular,
non-erosive, affecting mainly large peripheral joints of lower limbs. In
paediatric BD, up to forty percent of patients have articular involvement. We
present a rare case of a patient who was diagnosed with mucocutaneous, ocular
and articular involvement at the age of 15. He initially received treatment with
prednisolone and colchicine. However, at the age of 20, he failed to attend
follow-up appointments and discontinued his treatment. At the age of 42, he saw
a rheumatologist due to joint complaints associated with functional limitations.
The medical assessment confirmed polyarthritis with extensive erosive
arthropathy detected on imaging.

Conclusions This case report exemplifies a joint involvement rarely found
in BD and even less in paediatric BD. We should be aware of this unusual
involvement and treat patients accordingly since this condition can occur with a
dramatic impact on the patient’s functional prognosis as in other inflammatory
rheumatic arthropathies.
Age and gender differences of normative values of spleen diffusion MRI parameters
Authors: Yu Wei-Ling , Ma Fu-Zhai , Huang Hua , Xiao Ben-Heng , Li Xin-Ming , Wáng Yì Xiáng J.
Published: July 2024

This study investigates age and gender differences of normative values of spleen diffusion MRI parameters.

We recruited 124 volunteers with MRI conducted at 1.5T. Diffusion imaging had b-values of 0, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, 30, 46, 60, 72, 100, 150, 200, 400, 600 s/mm2. ADC, IVIM-Dslow, IVIM-PF, IVIM-Dfast, and DDVD (diffusion-derived vessel density) were computed. DDVD is the signal difference between the b=0 s/mm2 image and b=2, 4 s/mm2 image. Only images without apparent artifacts and with good curving fitting were included in the analysis. Finally, 34 females (age: 20–71 years) and 69 males (22–70 years) were measured with ADC; 20 females (20–71 years) and 48 males (22–67 years) were measured with IVIM; 32 females (20–71 years) and 65 males (22–70 years) were measured with DDVD parameter.

An age-related decrease in ADC was noted for females, while such a trend was not noted for males. A very high level of heterogeneity was noted for the data for the males, with the highest ADC value being 1.710 × 10–3mm 2/s and the lowest ADC value being 0.705 × 10–3 mm2/s when b=0 and 600 s/mm 2 were used for ADC calculation. A male-female data comparison did not show a statistically significant difference between the ADC median value. However, ADCs > 1.3 × 10–3 mm2/s were only seen among males. A very high level of heterogeneity was also noted for males’ Dslow, with the highest value being 1.468 × 10–3 mm2/s and the lowest value being 0.600 × 10–3 mm2/s. Both PF and Dfast demonstrated a trend of age-related increase for older subjects. PF values were higher among males than females. However, no difference was noted for Dfast between males and females. DDVD did not show an age-related trend both for females and males. No difference was noted in DDVD values between males and females.

Interpreting normal spleen diffusion MRI parameters should consider age and gender factors.
Negative impact of face masks in patients with interstitial lung disease: A prospective study
Authors: Mohr Arno , Zahn Stefanie , Geismann Florian , Blaas Stefan , Pfeifer Michael , Malfertheiner Maximilian , Salzberger Bernd , Hanses Frank , Bauernfeind Stilla , Koch Myriam , Hitzenbichler Florian
Published: July 2024

Introduction Face masks increase airway resistance, data on the actual extent of this effect are scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different mask types on clinical parameters during moderate exercise in healthy non-smokers, active smokers and patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) without the need of oxygen therapy.

Methods In a prospective observational pilot study participants performed a six-minute walk test without mask, with a surgical mask, a well-fitted FFP2 mask and with a valved FFP3 mask. Respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate, blood gas analysis parameters, dyspnoea and six-minute walk distance were measured. Data were analysed in an ANOVA model.

Results 21 healthy participants, 17 active smokers without known pulmonary disease and 15 patients with interstitial lung disease were included. Participants with ILD had a significant lower walking distance, a higher respiratory rate and a lower pO2 when using FFP2 masks, but not with valved FFP3 masks or surgical masks compared to not wearing a mask.

Conclusion For patients with ILD without the need of oxygen therapy wearing an FFP2 mask had a negative impact on pO2, respiratory rate and walking distance in the six-minute walk test. This effect was not seen with valved FFP3 masks or surgical masks.
Organocatalytic Approaches Towards the Synthesis of Asymmetric Tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) Derivatives
Authors: Malakar Chandi C. , Kant Kamal , Naik Priyadarshini , Patel Chandresh Kumar , Some Sanjukta , Banerjee Sourav , Aljaar Nayyef , Atta Ananta K.
Published: July 2024

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroquinolines (THQs) are present in molecules with significant biological importance and pharmaceuticals with diverse biological activities. Various synthetic routes have been developed to tetrahydroquinolines, such as the hydrogenation of quinolines, domino reactions, intramolecular cyclization, and notably, the Povarov reaction. Organocatalysts are small, chiral organic molecules that can successfully catalyze organic transformations. This review examines the use of organocatalysts in the asymmetric synthesis of tetrahydroquinoline derivatives using aminocatalysis, NHC catalysis, and H-bonding catalysis covering the literature between 2000 and early 2024.

1 Introduction

2 Aminocatalysis

3 NHC Catalysis

4 H-Bonding Catalysis

5 Miscellaneous

6 Conclusion
Recent Advances in Asymmetric Addition Reactions to Isatins
Authors: Xie Ke , Li Ao , Chen Zhi-Chao , Chen Ying-Chun , Kong Bao-Rui , Du Wei
Published: July 2024

The 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-2-oxindole scaffolds are not only widely encountered in bioactive compounds but also serve as versatile building blocks for the construction of diverse valuable architectures. Although numerous synthetic methodologies have been developed over the past decades, the asymmetric addition of nucleophiles or their equivalents to isatin substrates has proved to be one of the most efficient strategies for the synthesis of chiral 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-2-oxindoles. This Short Review aims to summarize the significant progress achieved in this field in recent years, with particular attention paid to reaction development, mechanism, and stereo-induction models.

1 Introduction

2 Asymmetric Alkylation of Isatins

3 Asymmetric Alkenylation and Dienylation of Isatins

4 Asymmetric Alkynylation of Isatins

5 Asymmetric Allenylation of Isatins

6 Asymmetric Arylation of Isatins

7 Asymmetric Annulations of Isatins

8 Conclusions and Outlooks
German Heart Surgery Report 2023: The Annual Updated Registry of the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Authors: Beckmann Andreas , Meyer Renate , Eberhardt Jana , Gummert Jan , Falk Volkmar
Published: July 2024

Based on a voluntary registry, founded by the German Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (DGTHG) in 1980, a well-defined but limited dataset of all cardiac and vascular surgery procedures performed in 77 German heart surgery departments is reported annually. For the year 2023, a total of 168,841 procedures were submitted to the registry. Of these operations, 100,606 are defined as heart surgery procedures in a classical sense. The unadjusted in-hospital survival rate for the 28,996 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting procedures (relationship on-/off-pump 2.8:1) was 97.6%; 97.7% for the 39,859 isolated heart valve procedures (23,727 transcatheter interventions included); and 99.2% for 19,699 pacemaker/implantable cardioverter defibrillator procedures. Concerning short and long-term mechanical circulatory support, a total of 2,982 extracorporeal life support/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implantations and 772 ventricular assist device implantations (left/right ventricular assist device, BVAD, total artificial heart) were reported. In 2023, 324 isolated heart transplantations, 248 isolated lung transplantations, and 2 combined heart–lung transplantations were performed. This annually updated registry of the DGTHG represents nonrisk adjusted voluntary public reporting and encompasses acute data for nearly all heart surgical procedures in Germany. It constitutes trends in heart medicine and represents a basis for quality management (e.g., benchmark) for all participating institutions.
Infantile Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Case Report of an 8-Month-Old Child
Authors: Yasar Deniz , Inan Cihan , Akkaya Bilge , Ceylan Nesrin , Ucan Berna , Tuygun Nilden
Published: July 2024

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a clinical disorder also known as pseudotumor cerebri, is characterized by increased intracranial pressure of unknown causes. Although it is most commonly observed in young obese women, IIH can also occur in the pediatric population; however, it is extremely rare in infants. Infants do not typically exhibit characteristic signs and symptoms of IIH, making it challenging to diagnose. Additionally, treatment modalities for this disease remain uncertain. We report an 8-month-old female child admitted to the pediatric emergency department with IIH. Our patient presented initially with fever, vomiting, and diarrhea, and then she developed inability to abduct the left eye. Papilledema was not detected in our patient. Magnetic resonance imaging and lumbar puncture contributed to diagnosis of the patient. Dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg/d, twice a day) and acetazolamide (5 mg/kg/d) were administered; dexamethasone was stopped at the 48th hour after esotropia had resolved. The patient developed left ptosis in the first month after discharge. Acetazolamide was administered for a duration of 5 months and was discontinued once the patient's eye findings improved. With a sudden onset of neurological findings in a healthy infant with normal neuroimaging, IIH should be considered in the differential diagnosis and cerebrospinal fluid pressure should be measured. The principles of treatment for this disease are based on adult guidelines, but the efficacy of acetazolamide has also been reported in the pediatric population, like in our case.