bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Principles of Islam and Their Impact on The Upbringing of Adolescents and The Formation of Their Personalities
Authors: Abdul Rahim Hamei Amna Salh , Kassim Sayyid Buhar Musal , Yusoff Muhammad
Published: December 2023

The study aims to identify the principles of Islam and their impact on the upbringing of adolescents and the formation of their personalities. The problem of the study lies in the absence of applying the principles of Islam and following what Allah has commanded in the Holy Quran and the Prophet's purified Sunnah. The importance of the study is highlighting the principles of Islam and their impact on the upbringing of adolescents and the formation of their personalities. The study followed the descriptive and analytical approach to describe and analyze the principles of Islam and their impact on the upbringing of adolescents and the formation of their personalities, and the study also followed the inductive approach to extrapolate the texts of the Holy Quran and the Prophet's purified Sunnah that were received regarding the upbringing of adolescents and the formation of their personalities. The study has reached many results, including that Allah the Almighty has ordered to pay attention of adolescents and to teach them sports to take care of their general health. Results showed also that Allah, the Almighty has ordered Muslims to be very interested in for knowledge which is the only way that contributes clearly and concretely to the formation of the personalities of adolescents. Results showed also that Allah the Almighty has ordered to preserve the time, which is the basis of the life in which we live. The study also showed that the upbringing of adolescents needs more patience and containment in compliance with the commands of Allah the Almighty regarding taking care of them. The study has recommended that there is a need to pay attention to adolescents and benefit from their abilities and energies in the demand for knowledge and work significantly. The study also recommended that there is a need to continue training parents on how to deal with adolescents through the advice adopted by psychologists and specialists in Islamic education affairs.
Sharia Supervision in The Standards of Good Governance Perspective in Libyan Islamic
Authors: Bentaher Mesbah Mohamed , Mohd Noh Mohd Shahid , Mohamad Mohammad Taqiuddin
Published: December 2023

This study aims to highlight the role of Shariah Supervisory Authorities, functions and mechanisms of formation, effectively played by the principles and mechanisms of governance in increasing the efficiency of its performance, and to highlight the role and importance of legitimate governance oversight bodies in the achievement of disclosure and transparency to its business. The study found the need to provide a guiding board of directors and Shariah Supervisory Authority on how to perform their duties on the issues legitimacy guide, as well as the completion of the legal framework and raising the efficiency of the legitimate bodies, and the supervisory and control devices for Islamic Financial Institutions ‘And work on the interest of planning, monitoring and evaluating performance of the Sharia Supervisory Authority, as well as disclosure and transparency about the activities of these illegal bodies to reassure dealers, through the formulation of a framework for legitimate governance oversight bodies and circulated to Islamic financial institutions. The study clarified the important role played by the Sharia Supervisory Board, and the study presented a number of examples of the importance of the Sharia Supervisory Board in enhancing trust between Islamic banks and the public dealing with them, such as Islamic banks in Bangladesh.
“The Secret History of the Mongols”: Problems of Its Translation, Perception in Russia in the First Half of the 20th Century
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Baldanmaksarova Elizaveta E.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the historical and literary monuments of medieval Mongolian literature called “The Secret History of the Mongols”. The palm of the introduction of this work into the scientific circulation belongs to Russian Oriental Studies. The finding of his short text in transcription by Chinese characters in the Beijing Imperial Library by Palladium Kafarov, translation, commenting, compiling a dictionary and publishing this text by him in the Works of Members of the Russian Spiritual Mission in Beijing was an event that marked the beginning of his study. In the first half of the 20th century the first scientific work of S.A. Kozin, dedicated to the study of “The Secret History of the Mongols”, which was highly praised in world Mongol studies. The output of this work, including reconstruction, restoration of the original prose-poetic text and its presentation in the Mongolian language, as well as in translation into Russian, interpretation by the author, his description, his research approach, the principles of translation undertaken by him, raised to a new higher level study of medieval texts. This work of Kozin was an impulse for further study of the “Secret History of the Mongols” in Eurasian space. The analysis of the monument undertaken in this article by the example of S.A. Kozina allowed us to consider some urgent problems, in particular, the problems of translating ancient texts, their interpretation, commenting and perception in Russian Mongolian studies.
Experience and Features of the Stylistic Adaptation of Malay Narrative Texts of Different Genres in Russian Translation
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Goriaeva Liubov V.
Published: December 2023

The paper discusses possible approaches to the problem of translating Malay traditional prose into Russian. As an example, seven texts translated by the paper’s author were considered. The translator notes the stylistic proximity of the five authorless narratives of the 14th–19th centuries, in which the “hikayat” type, inherent in storytelling, predominates. They are different in genre:stories of magic and adventure, a “framed” Persian-style romance, and a fictionalized chronicle. Two works of authorship — a didactic treatise for the rulers of the 17th century. and memoirs of the mid-19th century — are written using both the “hikayat” and the “kitab” styles, this last being characterized by monotony, verbosity, and excessive synonymy. The author of the paper speaks about the turns of speech she had used when translating these two texts. Summarizing her work experience, she offers an integrated approach to the translation of the written monuments of the Orient. This principle involves a translation, verified stylistically in accordance with the norms of the Russian literary tradition, and accompanied by a fundamental source study apparatus, glossary and commentary on the translation.
Sheakespeare’s Plot and American Musical in Malaysian Polemic Interpretation: Drama “Youth and Maiden” (“Uda Dan Dara”) by Usman Awang
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kukushkina Evgeniya S.
Published: December 2023

Youth and Maiden (Uda dan Dara, 1972) by Malaysian laureate Usman Awang became the first musical in the history of national literature. It had as a prototype West Side Story, the famous American musical adaptation of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. In its plot and structure Usman’s play has more in common with West Side Story than with a renowned primary source. The writer belonged to the part of Malay society that was denied access to secondary education, being thus unable to read Shakespearean texts in the original, while there were no comprehensive translations into the Malay language, either. Still, these people shared with the others perception of Shakespeare as a symbol of Western civilization and an epitome of high literature, strongly cultivated by British. Usman Awang’s rendering of the celebrated tragedy appears to originate from his opposition to culture and worldview, historically associated by Malays with the name and writing of Shakespeare. This opposition derives from Usman’s anticolonial spirit and commitment to the idea of social involvement of literature. Youth and Maiden can be characterized as an example of intercultural polemic interpretation of Bard’s heritage.
Old English Poem Exodus: Ways of Reflecting the Senses of Scripture in the Poetics of the Christian Epic
Authors:   Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Yatsenko Maria V.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the principles of creating the Anglo-Saxon Christian epic and is based on the Old English poem Exodus. Consecutive analysis of the history of reception and interpretation of the biblical text allows to reproduce the tradition of commenting and studying the text of the Scripture, known to the Anglo-Saxons. The poetics of Christian epic is viewed on the main components of the epic text (beginning of the text, epic variation, retardation, description of the battle, composition of the text as a whole). These constituent parts of the text are analysed from the point of view of their semantics and the associations with the tradition of the interpretation of the biblical plots. Preserving the multiple senses inherent to the epic text, the Christian epic gains additional senses, connected with the tradition of allegorical interpretation of the Bible. The orientation of the basic stylistic devices to allegoreza i. e. urging the reader to use the main types of allegorical interpretation (typological, anagogic, allegorical) is significant for the text. Most of the analysed passages would remain unclear without it. The stylistic devices have enlarged their functions: the beginning of the text attracted the attention to understanding the Old Testament in the context of the New one, epic variation served not only the repetitive nomination of the object but also to show their allegorical meanings, digression allowed to include typological parallels.
The Martyrdom of Ascla: a Characteristic of Different Translations (Coptic, Latin, Church Slavonic)
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Frangulian Lilia R.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of three translations of the Martyrdom of Ascla. This hagiographic text is brief and contains little information about the martyr and about the circumstances of his interrogation and execution. The hagiographer is unknown. The supposed Greek original is missing. The Coptic text is the earliest. In this Martyrdom the persecutor Arian is presented ambiguously. On the one hand, he ordered to torture and then to execute the martyr, on the other hand, Arianus is at least a religious person, mentioning holiness. This trait of persecutor is transmitted only in Coptic Martyrdom. The Latin translation made from a lost Greek text, does not completely match the narrative in the Coptic. Latin author makes a number of little changes. Every change has its explanations. Finally, the third translator, Dimitry of Rostov, used the Latin text and, again without changing the source seriously, made it better from the point of view of unity and logic of the plot. Translations into Latin and Church Slavonic were not changed a lot, most likely because the text was perceived as the ancient Acts of martyrs.
¿Hacia la post-Nueva Gestión Pública o hacia tendencias autócratas? La agenda legislativa en sesiones extraordinarias de la administración Chaves Robles
Authors: Gamboa-León Jorge Adrián
Published: December 2023

En este artículo se busca discutir, de manera exploratoria, si la agenda legislativa en sesiones extraordinarias de la administración Chaves Robles responde a una tendencia hacia la post-Nueva Gestión Pública (NGP) o más bien hacia tendencias autócratas. Lo anterior parte de un análisis general de los proyectos de ley que componen dicha agenda con base en un recorrido por los paradigmas de reformas de la NGP y Post-NGP en Costa Rica, el contexto del sector público costarricense y la teoría sobre nuevos liderazgos autócratas. Se argumenta que la agenda legislativa de la administración Chaves Robles tiende a la concentración y verticalización del Poder Ejecutivo y que encuentra en el contexto del sector público costarricense, tras las reformas vinculadas a la NGP, un campo fértil para las tendencias autócratas del presidente Rodrigo Chaves. Si bien dicha agenda concuerda con la post-NGP en cuanto a dar marcha atrás al proceso de desconcentración y especialización del Estado, los roces con los controles democráticos al Poder Ejecutivo hacen pensar que la agenda responde a un interés por concentrar el poder y debilitar los pesos y contrapesos de la administración pública, no a una transición técnica y democrática hacia la post-NGP.
How Do Teachers Solve Problem With Contradiction Information? Study of Prospective Teachers - Professional Teachers in Solving IDEAL Model Problems
Authors: Annizar Anas Ma'ruf , Sunardi  , Susanto  , Suwito Abi
Published: December 2023

This research is a qualitative descriptive study which aims to describe the problem solving process of a professional teacher in finding solutions to problems of the Problem With Contradiction Information type. This research involved 1 mathematics teacher who had a professional teacher education certificate and had taught for at least 5 years (S1) and 1 mathematics teacher who had taught for at least 5 years but did not yet have a professional teacher education certificate (S2) and 1 prospective teacher who was still carrying out studies. S1 and does not yet have a professional teacher education certificate (S3). Data collection was carried out by tests and interviews. The research results showed that only S3 carried out all the IDEAL problem solving indicators and was the only research subject who realized the existence of contradictions in the given problem. Meanwhile, S1 and S2 do not look back and learn. All subjects started solving the problem by reading and making propositions from the problem given. S3 stated that he read twice, namely reading in depth and reading quickly to review the known data. S1 experienced Pythagorean priming when implementing the Making a Drawing and Backwards strategy. Meanwhile, S2 in implementing the Backwards strategy often has to do some work in his working memory so there are several steps that are not written down. S2 is aware that there is unnecessary data but considers it an open ended question. Meanwhile, S3 succeeded in stating that the question contained elements of contradiction and could not be done in the anticipating outcome and looking back steps. If you want to become a good problem solver then spend most of your time identifying and understanding problems and then determining how to work. Good problem solvers are not in a hurry but are still effective in solving problems. You even need to consider whether the problem can be solved or not.
Human welfare organisational behaviour: A perspective for the early childhood education services
Authors: Charoenporn Chuleerat
Published: December 2023

Early childhood care and education (ECCE) have received increased attention in recent years, as this formative period has a significant impact on children’s development (Kim, 2021). Effective human welfare organisational behaviour can improve the organisation’s reputation, and contribute to the community’s overall social and economic development (Veltmeyer & Rushton, 2011). This study explains human welfare organisational behaviour in the early childhood education service. A qualitative approach was employed, and a documentary method was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with ten early childhood development experts and academics in Thailand. The data were analysed using content analysis. The findings indicate that human welfare organisational behaviour in early childhood education services in Asia encompasses the attitudes and practices of organisations involved in providing education and care to children. This perspective focuses on fostering supportive environments that promote the well-being of children, families, and educators, while also ensuring the quality of educational services. Key elements of this viewpoint include prioritising the child’s needs, promoting positive relationships, creating a safe and inclusive environment, and valuing the contributions of all stakeholders. Effective human welfare organisational behaviour in the early childhood education sector has the potential to enhance children’s outcomes and contribute to the long-term development of Asia.
Citizen science predicts the distribution of pine trees in the Fennoscandian Arctic
Authors: Ramirez Juan Ignacio
Published: December 2023

The effects of climate change in the Arctic are particularly pronounced
since temperatures have risen nearly three to four times as fast as in
the rest of the planet. Shifts in climatic patterns enable the expansion
of temperature-limited vegetation at a global scale to higher latitudes
and elevations. The purpose of this study is to predict the distribution
of pine trees (Pinus sylvestris) across Fennoscandia by drawing
from three distinctive datasets. I ask (i) How will the distribution of
pine trees will respond to climate change in the next 50 years? (ii)
Which method used to collect data is better at predicting the
distribution of pine? Three datasets on pine presence together with
environmental data were used to model pine distribution with Generalized
Linear Models. The first dataset belongs to the Swedish National Forest
Inventory and the second is from a Swedish online portal where citizens
report their observations of species. The third was compiled by setting
up a network of vegetation plots along an elevation gradient in Sweden
and Norway. Current and future environmental data was sourced from the
Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. The probability of pine presence
in general increased with temperature and decreased with precipitation.
Therefore, the model forecasts that pine will expand in distribution to
areas of higher elevation. The citizen science dataset was superior in
predicting pine distribution due to the large number and the wide
spatial distribution of observations. The conservation of the tundra and
the unique ecosystem process taking place in this area will be
threatened by the encroachment of the evergreen treeline which is driven
by climate, and citizen science holds unique importance for wide spatial
and temporal ecological research.
Implementation of Bio Fortification Technique to Overcome Malnutrition – An Overview
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India, R Reshma Devi , P Sudharsan ,   Department of Forestry, Nagaland University (A Central University), Lumami, Nagaland, India, M Koperuncholan ,   Department of Botany, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India, G Shanmugavel ,   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Puducherry Technological University, Puducherry, India, B Chitra ,   Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India, T Siva Vijayakumar ,   Department of Biotechnology Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: December 2023

Delivering micronutrients to people who may not have easy access to varied meals and other micronutrient treatments is attainable and affordable through biofortification. The effectiveness of this agriculture-based approach to alleviating micronutrient deficiency through plant breeding has been shown through research initiatives. Currently, biofortified crops are grown and consumed by further than 20 million individuals living in agrarian households in developing nations. Since the Sustainable development goals’ targets were established, it has been of the utmost importance. Malnutrition manifests itself in a variety of ways, including undernourishment, obesity and overeating, and salutary-affiliated illnesses that aren’t transmissible. important of the world’s population is affected by micronutrient deficiencies, which are shortfalls from the norm for vital minerals including zinc, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B12, and iodine. Biofortification is a likely solution to end starvation because it’s sustainable, affordable, and profitable. It’s a food-based method, and a former study has shown that it greatly raises nutrient levels. still, for biofortification to be effective, it needs to be adopted, scaled up, and used by the applicable stakeholders to meet the target set by 2030. This chapter provides an overview of the value of biofortification to human health.
Diet Diversity, Emotional Eating Habits and Psychology of Weight Management Among the Adolescents Residing in Twin Cities of Hyderabad
Authors:   Department of Nutrition, St. Francis College for Women, Hyderabad, India, Michael Patricia , Shivshetty Nagaveni ,   Department of Microbiology/Food Science and Technology, GITAM, Visakhapatnam, India
Published: December 2023

The pandemic had greatly influenced the dietary profiles of adolescents, who are prone to developing unhealthy eating habits. Adolescents have bad dietary practices that increases their likelihood of degenerative diseases namely diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, to name a few among the non-communicable diseases. Objective: To understand diet diversity, nutritional status and eating habits of adolescents by using the FAO based diet diversity questionnaire, after the pandemic. To study the intake of micronutrients, fermented foods (pre and probiotics) with respect to nutritional adequacy among adolescents. To understand the adolescent psychology on body weight, (calculating the BMI) and their consumption processed foods. To understand the psychology of the adolescents while eating different types of foods and diets being followed to lose weight. Method: This is a quantitative observational study; 150 girls aged between 18 – 21 years participated whose BMI was mostly between 18 and 24. For sampling, purposive method was adopted; information about anthropometry, eating pattern, emotional eating of participants was taken using self-administered questionnaires. Result: greater than 40% of the sample had emotional eating habit, they have a greater tendency to develop obesity. Conclusion: subjects consumed a diverse diet, with an inadequacy of minerals such as selenium, zinc, iron. Emotional eating in our country, is on the rise, which denotes the risk for development of obesity, attention to exercise, creating awareness about healthy eating habits should be adopted.
Elevating Health with Cordyceps Militaris: The Ultimate Food Supplem
Authors:   epartment of Forestry, Nagaland University (A Central University), Lumami, Nagaland, India, Parthasarathy Sudharsan , Krishnasamy Gobalan , Giridharan Bupesh , Marimuthu Koperuncholan , Tharumasivam Siva Vijayakumar
Published: December 2023

Cordyceps Militaris, a species of medicinal mushroom, has been revered in traditional Asian medicine for its potential health-enhancing properties. In recent years, scientific research has been exploring its nutritional composition and bioactive compounds, shedding light on its promising health benefits. This review paper provides an in-depth examination of Cordyceps Militaris as a food supplement, focusing on its potential health benefits, scientific evidence supporting its efficacy, and safety considerations. The nutritional profile of Cordyceps Militaris is diverse, comprising proteins, amino acids, polysaccharides, nucleosides, vitamins, minerals, and more, which work synergistically to offer potential advantages. Studies and traditional usage suggest that Cordyceps Militaris may support the immune system, enhance energy and endurance, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, promote respiratory health, help regulate blood sugar levels, and have potential cardiovascular and neuroprotective effects. While scientific evidence supporting its efficacy is growing, caution is warranted, as more extensive human trials are required to draw definitive conclusions. Optimal dosage and usage guidelines are discussed, emphasizing the importance of consulting healthcare professionals before incorporating Cordyceps Militaris supplements into daily regimens. Safety considerations and precautions are outlined to address potential risks, particularly for individuals with allergies, underlying health conditions, or those taking medications. As research continues to unfold the potential of Cordyceps Militaris, this review paper provides valuable insights for those seeking to explore the realm of this ultimate food supplement.
Teaching Medical Anthropology in UK Medical Schools: Cultivating Autoethnographic Practice among Medical Students
Authors: Harvey Tyler , Dikomitis Lisa , Wenning Brianne
Published: December 2023

Behavioural and social sciences (BSS) are a core component of undergraduate medical education in the United Kingdom. Despite the formal recognition of BSS by the UK’s General Medical Council (GMC), anthropology remains largely at the periphery in the medical curriculum. Medical students often describe it as ‘fluffy’ or as ‘common sense’, in comparison to biomedical learning content. To make anthropology more relevant and applicable to future clinical practice, we draw on ethnographic data (interviews, focus groups, field notes and reflective texts written by medical students) collected by an anthropologist during fieldwork in two UK medical schools. We suggest moving this content out of the preclinical phase and instead incorporating it into the clinical phase. Specifically, we propose that having students conduct a micro-autoethnography during the clinical phase brings together two crucial aspects of medical student training: BSS principles and formation of a professional identity. Embedding these concepts in this specific context will allow students to process tensions they may feel between interactions they observe in a clinical context and team versus what they have been formally taught. This process allows them to negotiate their own professional identity between practice and ideal while more robustly situating BSS content in a relevant and immediately applicable manner within the current constraints of the medical curriculum.
Tragom jedne misli Emilija Laszowskog
Authors: Kekez Hrvoje , Sekulić Petar
Published: December 2023

Srednjovjekovna utvrda Krčingrad nalazi se na šumovitom poluotoku između Kozjačkoga i Gradinskoga jezera u sklopu Nacionalnoga parka Plitvička jezera. Dosadašnja arheološka istraživanja potvrdila su da su danas vidljivi ostaci građeni na prijelazu 13. u 14. stoljeće, a široka kontekstualizacija sačuvanih povijesnih izvora ukazala je na to da su ga vrlo vjerojatno izgradili knezovi Babonići da bi zaštitili ulaz na prostor svoje političke i gospodarske domene. Krčingrad se nalazio na vrlo važnom prometnom pravcu koji je, prolazeći prostorom današnjih Plitvičkih jezera, spajao područja srednjovjekovne Drežničke i Krbavske, tj. Ličke županije. U radu se propitkuje teza Emilija Laszowskog da je Krčingrad bio prvobitno središte srednjovjekovne Drežničke županije, analizirajući pritom dosadašnja mišljenja u historiografskoj literaturi, kao i razmatrajući sačuvana srednjovjekovna pisana vrela, ali i različita kasnija svjedočanstva, te promatrajući geostratešku važnost plitvičkoga prostora u razvijenom srednjem vijeku kroz spektar središnjih funkcija nekoga naselja.
Krajišnici u Austrijsko-sardinijskom ratu 1859. godine
Authors: Balić Juraj
Published: December 2023

Tijekom pedesetih godina 19. stoljeća Austrijsko Carstvo u nekoliko je navrata mobiliziralo svoje vojne snage zbog prijetnji od izbijanja ratnih sukoba s Kraljevinom Pruskom, Osmanskim Carstvom i Ruskim Carstvom. Iako u tim slučajevima neželjeni rat nije izbio, u posljednjoj godini toga desetljeća sukob s Kraljevinom Sardinijom-Pijemont i njezinim saveznikom, Francuskim Carstvom, bio je neizbježan. Već ranije, 1848. i 1849. godine, austrijske su snage uspješno suzbile sardinijske pokušaje osvajanja lombardijskoga teritorija, ali ovoga puta bile su suočene s raznim problemima. Jedan od njih ticao se slaboga borbenog morala pojedinih skupina vojnika kao posljedice jačanja nacionalnih osjećaja. Te slabosti nastojali su iskoristiti politički emigranti Lajos Kossuth i Eugen Kvaternik, koji su se nadali da će ratni uspjesi saveznika potaknuti revolucije na mađarskim i hrvatskim područjima, što bi potencijalno moglo dovesti do stvaranja neovisnih država. U realizaciji tih planova važna je uloga bila namijenjena i krajišnicima, koji su prema idejama spomenutih revolucionara trebali pružiti vojnu potporu u slučaju iskrcavanja francuske vojske u Dalmaciji, a osim toga i popunjavati redove Kossuthove mađarske legije. S druge strane, austrijski vojni zapovjednici računali su na odanost i požrtvovnost krajišnika, koji su se iskazali desetljeće prije u borbama protiv revolucionarnih snaga. U središtu pozornosti ovoga rada upravo je uloga krajišnika u Austrijsko-sardinijskom ratu ili Drugom ratu za talijansko ujedinjenje. Iako je bio relativno kratkotrajan sukob, njegove posljedice bile su dalekosežne za budući položaj Austrijskoga Carstva među vodećim europskim silama i opstanak te multinacionalne državne tvorevine. Iskustvo rata dovelo je u pitanje i pouzdanost i neophodnost krajišnika kao vojnika u službi habsburških vladara, što se odrazilo i na razvoj događaja u povijesti Vojne krajine, poput razvojačenja i ukidanja te višestoljetne institucije, kao i ustanka u Rakovici 1871. godine.
Diabetes Stigma and Psychosocial Outcomes in Adolescents and Young Adults: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Authors: Eitel Kelsey B. , Roberts Alissa J. , D’Agostino Ralph , Barrett Catherine E. , Bell Ronny A. , Bellatorre Anna , Cristello Angelica , Dabelea Dana , Dolan Lawrence M. , Jensen Elizabeth T. , Liese Angela D. , Reynolds Kristi , Marcovina Santica M. , Pihoker Catherine
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

To examine the association between diabetes stigma, socioeconomic status, psychosocial variables, and substance use in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This is a cross-sectional analysis of AYAs from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study who completed a survey on diabetes-related stigma, generating a total diabetes stigma score. Using multivariable modeling, stratified by diabetes type, we examined the relationship of diabetes stigma with variables of interest.

RESULTS

Of the 1,608 AYAs who completed the diabetes-related stigma survey, 78% had type 1 diabetes, and the mean age was 21.7 years. Higher diabetes stigma scores were associated with food insecurity (P = 0.001), disordered eating (P < 0.0001), depressive symptoms (P < 0.0001), and decreased health-related (P < 0.0001) and diabetes-specific quality of life (P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

Diabetes stigma is associated with food insecurity, disordered eating, and lower psychosocial well-being.
Nondisclosure of Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescence: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Nir Judith , Liberman Alon , Yackobovitch-Gavan Michal , Fraser Drora , Phillip Moshe , Oron Tal
Published: December 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the extent of nondisclosure of type 1 diabetes in adolescents and investigate its association with several psychosocial parameters and clinical outcomes.

Research design and methods

This was a cross-sectional study based on data collected from 69 adolescents with type 1 diabetes who were 12–18 years of age and followed at our diabetes clinic. The degree of disclosure, demographics, diabetes management, and psychosocial issues were assessed via questionnaires. Clinical parameters were derived from medical records. Associations between nondisclosure status and clinical and psychosocial study variables were assessed.

Results

Fifty-three participants (77%) reported some extent of nondisclosure. Nondisclosure was associated with low self-esteem, reduced friend support, and increased diabetes-related worries. Nondisclosure was also found to be associated with diminished self-care behaviors related to insulin administration and with elevated A1C.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrate that nondisclosure of type 1 diabetes in adolescents may be more common than initially recognized and is likely associated with unfavorable psychological outcomes and reduced self-care and diabetes management. Our results emphasize the importance of social interactions and disclosure in adolescents and may serve as a potential stepping stone to address other social barriers hindering diabetes management.
A Pragmatic Rethinking of Glucose Monitoring for the Incarcerated
Authors: Luethy Rebecca E. , Lipinski Renee C. , West Jennifer L.
Published: December 2023

Objective

Using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves diabetes-related outcomes in the community, yet the fingerstick blood glucose monitoring (BGM) method is the norm in prisons. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and patient perceptions of CGM in the carceral environment, quantify changes in A1C after initiating CGM, and investigate rates of emergency department (ED) visits for diabetes-related complications comparing CGM users to patients using BGM.

Study design

This pragmatic longitudinal analysis was conducted in two parts. A pilot program was carried out at a single women’s prison. A CGM program was initiated at men’s facilities within a single U.S. state, where A1C change and ED visit rates were investigated.

Methods

Interested patients at an appropriate security level were invited to use CGM. Pre- and post-CGM surveys of glucose monitoring perceptions were administered during the pilot program. Security and perceptions were analyzed descriptively. A1C change was assessed using a t test. Fisher exact test, Barnard exact test, and post hoc power analysis were applied to ED visits.

Results

Security was not disrupted. Patient perceptions of glucose monitoring improved with CGM use (n = 6). A1C declined by 0.60% with a medium effect size (Cohen d −0.45, n = 42). Power to detect a difference in ED visits was low; however, no CGM patients had an ED visit (n = 758).

Conclusion

It is safe and efficacious to replace BGM with CGM in prisons when patients are engaged in their care and are at a security level allowing CGM devices in their cells.
Association of continued use of SGLT2 inhibitors from the ambulatory to inpatient setting with hospital outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Singh Lakshmi , Ntelis Spyridon , Siddiqui Tariq , Seliger Stephen , Sorkin John , Spanakis Elias
Published: December 2023

Objective: Limited data are available on continuation of outpatient sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) during hospitalization. The objective was to evaluate associations of SGLT2i continuation in the inpatient setting with hospital outcomes. Research Design and Methods: Nationwide cohort study utilizing Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system’s data of acute-care hospitalizations between April 1, 2013, and August 31, 2021. 36,505 admissions of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with an outpatient prescription for SGLT2i prior to hospitalization were included. Exposure defined as SGLT2i continuation during hospitalization. Admissions where SGLT2i was continued were compared to admissions where it was discontinued. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were acute kidney injury (AKI) and length of stay (LOS). Negative binomial propensity score weighed and zero truncated analyses were used to compare outcomes and adjusted for multiple covariates, including demographics and comorbidities. Results: Mean (standard error) age was 67.2 (0.1) and 67.5 (0.1) years (p=0.03), male 97.0% and 96.6% (p=0.1), white 71.3% and 72.1%, black 20.8% and 20.5% (p=0.52) in SGLT2i continued versus SGLT2i discontinued groups, respectively. After covariate adjustment (age, sex, race, BMI, and Elixhauser Comorbidities, procedures/surgeries, and insulin use), SGLT2i continued group had a 45% lower mortality rate (IRR 0.55, 95%CI 0.42,0.73, p<0.01), no difference in AKI (IRR 0.96, 95%CI 0.90,1.02, p=0.17) and decreased LOS [4.7 vs. 4.9 days (IRR 0.95, 95%CI 0.93,0.98, p<0.01)], versus SGLT2i discontinued. Similar associations were observed in multiple sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Continued SGLT2i during hospitalization among patients with diabetes was associated with lower mortality, no increased AKI, and shorter LOS.
Nondisclosure of Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescence: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Nir Judith , Liberman Alon , Yackobovitch-Gavan Michal , Fraser Drora , Phillip Moshe , Oron Tal
Published: December 2023

Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of nondisclosure of type 1 diabetes in adolescents and investigate its association with several psychosocial parameters and clinical outcomes.

Research design and methods. This was a cross-sectional study based on data collected from 69 adolescents with type 1 diabetes who were 12–18 years of age and followed at our diabetes clinic. The degree of disclosure, demographics, diabetes management, and psychosocial issues were assessed via questionnaires. Clinical parameters were derived from medical records. Associations between nondisclosure status and clinical and psychosocial study variables were assessed.

Results. Fifty-three participants (77%) reported some extent of nondisclosure. Nondisclosure was associated with low self-esteem, reduced friend support, and increased diabetes-related worries. Nondisclosure was also found to be associated with diminished self-care behaviors related to insulin administration and with elevated A1C.

Conclusion. Our results demonstrate that nondisclosure of type 1 diabetes in adolescents may be more common than initially recognized and is likely associated with unfavorable psychological outcomes and reduced self-care and diabetes management. Our results emphasize the importance of social interactions and disclosure in adolescents and may serve as a potential stepping stone to address other social barriers hindering diabetes management.
Pneumonia Detection from Pediatric Lung X-Ray Images Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Dündar Özgür , Koçer Sabri
Published: December 2023

Pneumonia Detection from Pediatric Lung X-Ray Images Using Artificial Neural Networks
ABSTRACT
Studies on medical imaging have grown significantly in recent years. Doctors have a crucial convenience for diagnosis thanks to semi- or fully automatic region recognition in medical imaging. It is crucial to support treatment without a specialist doctor, particularly in those nations where there is a dearth of such medical professionals. The little air sacs known as alveoli are most impacted by pneumonia, a lung inflammation. A key component of providing the right therapy conditions to heal patients and reduce harm while eradicating inflammation is early detection and precise diagnosis. Noise and blurring in patient photos obtained from X-ray machines are cleaned using deep learning algorithms and image processing techniques, and they are very helpful in. In this study, we studied chest X-ray images of pediatric patients with pneumonia and healthy individuals. XGBoost (eXtreme gradient boosting) is an innovative machine learning algorithm based on decision tree and using gradient boosting in its computations. It achieved 97.01% success with high classification performance.
Keywords: Medical imaging, Machine learning, Pediatric Chest X-ray
ANALYSIS OF STUDIES ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF DOMESTIC WASTE IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Poltava National Technical Yuri Kondratyuk University, Illiash Oksana , Holik Yurii ,   Poltava National Technical Yuri Kondratyuk University, Allesch Astrid ,   University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Chepurko Iuliia ,   Poltava National Technical Yuri Kondratyuk University, Serha Tetiana ,   Poltava National Technical Yuri Kondratyuk University
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of the analysis of the studies conducted on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of household waste generated in the territories of several regional centers of Ukraine. The data on the component composition of domestic waste typical for Ukrainian cities are generalized. The influence of the quality indicators of individual waste fractions on the further choice of operations and methods of household waste treatment within the framework of the waste management system is analyzed. On the basis of the collected data, the expediency and relevance of the experimental studies conducted in the context of the current war in Ukraine, global environmental problems, and the global energy crisis are substantiated.
Implementasi Pembelajaran Kontekstual Berbasis Budaya Lokal Penginyongan
Authors: Harisatunisa Harisatunisa , Sauqi Chubby
Published: December 2023

The concept of contextual learning seeks to give meaning to each learning activity by trying to connect new knowledge with previous knowledge possessed by students. Contextual learning is also a means of building awareness and shaping the self-identity of students as part of a society that has a culture. Learning activities must help humans in carrying out their existence in the environment where they live, both in the smallest scope to the national scope as citizens. This study tries to describe the Implementation of Local Culture-Based Contextual Learning in Banyumas and the obstacle of implementation . This research uses qualitative field research with case studies. This study found that the implementation of contextual learning based on local culture was carried out by using (1) physical culture such as food, Banyumas musical instruments as a source of learning (2) field trips and observations as learning strategies of Contextual Learning method. The obstacles of contextual learning practice in this school are (1) the number of teacher who understand about this culture (2) most of parents have different cultures.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE MICROSPHERE OF SAXAGLIPTIN ANTIDIABETIC AGENT
Authors:   College of pharmacy, Sri Satya Sai university of Technology and Medical sciences, Sehore (M.P), India 466002, THAKUR PURSHOTTAM KUMAR , TYAGI C K ,   College of pharmacy, Sri Satya Sai university of Technology and Medical sciences, Sehore (M.P), India 466002, CHOUBEY NEELESH ,   College of pharmacy, Sri Satya Sai university of Technology and Medical sciences, Sehore (M.P), India 466002
Published: December 2023

The objective of this study was to develop a gastro-retentive microsphere of Saxagliptin. Saxagliptin is an orally active hypoglycemic drug of the newdipeptidylpeptidase-4(DPP4) inhibitor class of drug. Nine formulations of Saxagliptin microsphere are prepared by Emulsion solvent diffusion method using polymers like Eudragit RS 100 and Ethyl cellulose at different drug to polymer ratios and Polyvinyl Alcohol as Stabilizing agent by Emulsion Solvent Diffusion Method. The formulations were optimized on the basis of percent buoyancy and in vitro drug release. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for physicochemical parameters and found to be within range. KEYWORDS: Gastro retentive, Saxagliptin, Ethyl cellulose, Floating microsphere, Eudragit RS 100, Polyvinyl alcohol
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SOLID DISPERSION OF CHRYSIN FOR IMPROVED BIOAVAILABILITY
Authors:   Lakshmi Narain College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, India 462001, PANDEY DEVRAJ , SHARMA KAJAL ,   Lakshmi Narain College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, India 462001, MEHTA PARULBEN D ,   Lakshmi Narain College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, India 462001
Published: December 2023

The objective of the present study was to prepared solid dispersion of chrysin for improving its aqueous solubility and in turn its oral bioavailability. I-opitmal design approach was used for preparing the solid dispersion of chrysin. A total of eight formulations were prepared using four different ratios of drug to carrier. Mannitol and PVP-K30 were used as the two different carriers to improve the solubility of chrysin by formulating SD using solvent evaporation method employing ethanol as the common solvent for the drug and the carrier. The solubility study of chrysin was performed in distilled water and was found to be 3.7 µg/mL. The particles were irregular to spherical in shape and the average particle size ranged from 34.90-38.09 µm for the particles. The yield of the SD was highest for F5 (93.2%) and least for F8 (91.14%). For all the formulations the yield was nevertheless higher than 90% suggesting a proper binary mixture formation. The drug content was found to be highest in the formulation SD4 (94.23 ± 0.351 %) and the lowest in formulation SD5 (91.18 ± 0.251 %). KEYWORDS: Solid dispersion, chrysin, mannitol, PVP K30, solvent evaporation
Students’ Perceptions of the Use of CALL at Al-Imam Universityp
Authors: Saad Abdulrahman Alsheraimy Nouf
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to investigate students’ perceptions towards CALL, CALL merits, and CALL challenges at Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University. The sample of this study consisted of 140 randomly-selected male and female students. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire was designed to collect the data of the study. This instrument was validated by ten university professors and instructors. Similarly, its reliability was achieved by calculating Cronbach Alpha formula. The findings of the study indicated that students are in need of unlimited access to computer labs all the time, supplying classrooms with CALL resources, and training in using computer labs. Besides, EFL instructors have positive attitudes towards CALL. Moreover, the results revealed the following significant advantages of using CALL resources: enriching students’ experience, stimulating students’ practice outside the classroom, encouraging students’ independence and confidence, creating a relaxed atmosphere, and increasing students’ motivation level. Furthermore, the results of study revealed the following the challenges of using CALL resources in the classroom: lack of Internet access inside the classrooms, shortage of CALL programs, insufficient number of CALL labs, lack of CALL labs supervisors, and lack of immediate technical support. Finally, the study concluded that CALL resources should be integrated with all EFL courses because computers have become an indispensable part of English language teaching and learning.
THE EFFECT OF USING SHORT STORIES THROUGH WATTPAD ON READING COMPREHENSION AT THE TENTH SCIENCE OF MAN 1 METRO
Authors: Pratiwi Desti Rahma , Faliyanti Eva
Published: December 2023

The aim of this research is to find out the effect of using short stories through wattpad on reading comprehension achievement at the tenth grade science of Man 1 Metro. Wattpad is an application-type social media platform for people who want to read or write stories. This research used quasi experimental design. The subject of this research is the tenth grade science students at Man 1 Metro year 2023. The result data analysis indicates that value t obtained is higher than the value of t table (2.990>2.042). And the significant 0.004 is lower than 0.05. The conclusion is teaching English using short stories through wattpad is effective to increase students’ reading comprehension.