bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy and Trust-Aware Routing in Wireless Networks for Multimedia Applications
Authors: Diarra Sidy ,   School of Science & Engineering, Atlantic International University (AIU), Pioneer Plaza, 900 Fort Street Mall 905, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA, Islam Mohammad Shahidul ,   School of Science & Engineering, Atlantic International University (AIU), Pioneer Plaza, 900 Fort Street Mall 905, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
Published: July 2024

With rapid proliferation of wireless communication technologies and increasing demand for multimedia applications, efficient routing in wireless networks has become critical research area. Energy usage control and data exchange are key in these networks. Due to sensor node resource constraints, wireless networks are subject to security threats. So, energy-aware trust-based approaches are powerful for identifying node behaviour and providing wireless network security. This paper presents a novel approach that integrates energy and trust considerations into the routing process to enhance the performance of multimedia applications in wireless networks. This multifaceted approach aims to establish a comprehensive framework that encompasses energy efficiency, trust, data security, path optimization, and superior multimedia streaming quality within wireless networks. This study encompasses the innovative Cluster formation technique by utilizing Weigh Utility-based Stratified Sampling (WUSS), facilitates efficient node clustering, leading to optimized resource allocation and energy efficiency. The integration of Hybrid Energy Efficient Distribution (HEED) with Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) for Cluster Head Selection enhances energy balance and network longevity. Data Security is fortified through the utilization of the Improved BlowFish Algorithm (IBFA), safeguarding multimedia content during transmission. The Bilateral Floyd – Warshall algorithm is harnessed for optimal path selection, reducing latency and packet loss for high-quality multimedia delivery. Multimedia streaming involves both sensitive and non-sensitive data, prioritizing seamless streaming while upholding data security. To simulate the suggested research method, Python – 3.11.4 is utilized. The proposed approach is utilized using several performance metrics such as Delivery rate, Network lifetime, Throughput, Delay, Packet loss and Packet Delivery Ratio.
The Biomechanics of Green Plants in The Presence of Environmental Thermal Perturbations
Authors: Mba Nnenna Ude ,   Department of Mathematics, Abia State University, Uturu, Abbey Tamunoimi Michael ,   Department of Physics, Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics Group, University of Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Published: July 2024

This study mimic the flow model of mineral salt solution in green plants when the environmental temperature suddenly increased. The usual Navier stokes equation in cylindrical coordinate is used to formulate the governing system of equations for the flow model. The analysis is then carried out by means of the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The result obtained shows that the increase in the thermal parameters caused a corresponding increase in the temperature, velocity and the quantity of fluids being transported to the leaves of the plant. It further reveals that when the aspect ratio of the plant is very large, that is for plant whose length is far greater than its diameter, the flow profiles tend to be streamline, laminar and Poiseuille. This understanding shows why some green plants of this nature tend to strive during the period of heat waves and drought. It was further seen that when the thermal parameter the model returns to that of Rand [1] and Bestman [2].
Hydrogen-rich Syngas from Steam Gasification of Waste Biomass Materials through CO2 Capture and Use of Catalysts
Authors: Vamvuka Despina ,   School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece, Panagiotidou Stavroula , Orfanoudaki Agapi ,   School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece,   School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
Published: July 2024

The exploitation of some abundant and low cost waste materials was investigated for production of clean energy carriers rich in hydrogen, in line with low-carbon and circular economy policies. Waste concrete fines were used together with CeO2 and Na2CO3 as catalysts in order to achieve an improved system performance at lower temperatures. The study focused on the effects of sorbent/biomass ratio, type and catalyst loading, as well as temperature on fuel conversion, product gas composition and heating value, syngas and hydrogen yield and energy recovery from the solid waste materials used. The experiments were conducted in a fixed bed system, following a two-step process for eliminating tar and increasing the reactivity of generated biosolid. Gas analysis was performed by a thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry unit. At a molar ratio Ca/C=1, the amount of CO2 captured between 700°C and 750°C was 83-95% and the concentration of hydrogen in the product gas increased by about 40%, achieving values 69.5% mol for winery waste fuel and 59.6% for helianthus waste at 750°C. CeO2 and Na2CO3 catalysts improved conversion, which was raised up to 91-100% on a daf basis. Na2CO3 catalyst presented a better overall performance at a loading of 20% wt. At 750°C the molar fraction of hydrogen in the gas mixture ranged between 73% and 96% for the two fuels, whereas the higher heating value of gas and syngas yield varied between 12.4-13.1 MJ/m3 and 1.86-4.94 m3/kg, respectively.
The Epr-Argument Under The Critic Of Material-Geometry & Space-Energy Universe
Authors: Georgallides Markos ,   Larnaca – Cyprus
Published: July 2024

Distance is the Quanta in E-Geometry, while Material-point is the Quanta in Physics and Material Geometry which is the Composition of Opposites and the Elements in Chemistry and Physics. As in Algebra Zero,0, is the Master-key number for all Positive and Negative numbers, and this because their sum and multiplication become zero, and the same on any coordinate-System where, ±, axes pass from zero, the Rolling of Positive ⊕ constituent on the Negative ⊝, constituent, creates the Neutral Material Point Which Equilibrium. Its Angular momentum B̅ is identical to the Spin S̅ and consists the First-Discrete-Energy- monad which occupies, Discrete Value and Direction, in contradiction to the Point,which is Nothing, Dimensionless, and without any Direction.Quaternion [(+)↻↺(-)] ≡ Box BQ ≡ Material Point ≡ Dipole, carries the Principal stress σ between A(+), B(-), which σ, as Centripetal-acceleration is the minimum Energy which becomes from the in Storage AB acceleration and is equal to the Gravity g. Because in-Box may exist different motions Revolving R and Periodic,P, the acceleration of Gravity g ≡  σ exists for the First Box-BR , while for the Second Box- BP is following the Local-Extreme-case where the acceleration of Gravity g ≡  σ, is the Locally altering Spin by changing the Principal-stress σ with an Local- uniform Pressure g L ≡ g kE = g * [Force/Area] = G, i.e. is proved that the minimum Local - Energy acceleration is the known Universal Gravitational-constant G = g k = kE g = kL σ = g. gL kL ≡σ.Φ3≡Φ[{σ Φ}≡[ 2B πr3 ]≡2πfP r ≡ v̅ ≡ mg = c̅ = 2.B πr3 ] such for Macrocosm and as for Microcosm, and Obeying Newton`s Laws of motion. Photon is a Box BR ≡ {It is the moving Energy-Storage, r, with The Golden ratio frequencies → fn = [ nσ 8 π2r 3 ]. B̅ ≡ (1+√5 ).σ 4πr = E h }, Transported with Light velocity by An Electromagnetic-Radiation of wavelength λ = c / fn= c / f1. It was Proved that Force G pressing, through Stress, g, to Enter the Critical-cave Lp in Planck-length with minimum Energy creates the Hydrogen - cave, while vibration fn , into the Energy – Space - Unit-meters, g, π, creates the Electron, e, and Charges, q̅. General Relativity touches the Planck - length while Quantum Mechanics begun to Penetrate in it. EPR Argument is a Void after the elucidating of the Geometry that is followed.as the Energy analysis the critic on the Fundamental Forces, the what is Energy- Quantization and what is Space-Energy.
On the Method of Analysis for Earthquake Forecasting
Authors: Solarić Nikola ,   Geodetski fakultet, Zagreb, Hrvatska, Solarić Miljenko , Barković Đuro , Zrinjski Mladen , Bogdanovski Zlatko , Dimevski Sasha , Postalovski A. ,   Geodetski fakultet, Zagreb, Hrvatska,   Geodetski fakultet, Zagreb, Hrvatska,   Geodetski fakultet, Zagreb, Hrvatska,   Civil Engineering Skopje, S. Makedonija,   Civil Engineering Skopje, S. Makedonija,   Civil Engineering Skopje, S. Makedonija
Published: July 2024

Today, larges and compressions of terrain can be measured very precisely using satellites of the GNSS (global navigation satellite system). GNSS consists of GPS (USA) (Fig. 1.), GLONASS (Russian), GALILEO (European), and COMPAS (Chinese) system. GPS global positioning system) satellites orbit (Fig.2.) the Earth at an altitude of 20,200 km from the Earth’s surface in six orbital planes, so that the GPS receiver on Earth can always receive signals from at least four satellites.
Koncept „gołąb” w językowym obrazie świata Ukraińców, Rosjan i Polaków
Authors: Kowalewska Olena
Published: July 2024

The article is dedicated to analysing the linguistic aspect of the concept “dove” in how Russian, Ukrainian and Polish languages depict the world. The aim of the article is to identify ver-balizers of the concept, as well as similarities and dissimilarities in the various semantic meanings shaping the structure of the concept in these three different but also related worldviews. There are different ethnocultural, mythologic and symbolic meanings connected with the conceptual meaning of the dove. The linguistic cultures in question share a common polysemanticity of this concept, which reflects both the positive and negative connotations (of which the former are much more common). The semantic structure is dominated by dove images in Christian and Slavic culture (common to the three worldviews), as well as peripheral ones, which are linked with mythology, tradition and folk beliefs (distinct and individual for the linguistic cultures studied here).
Nominacja wtórna jako odzwierciedlenie zmian w systemie wartości społeczności
Authors: Taran Ałła
Published: July 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest systematycznej analizie nominacji wtórnej we współczesnym języku ukraińskim. Jest to wynik kreatywnego myślenia językowego, rodzaj ludzkiej interpretacji otaczającej rzeczywistości. Mechanizm orientacji wartościującej w mentalności językowej społeczności jest prześledzony na przykładzie negatywnie oceniających nominacji wtórnych. Udowodniono, że użycie wtórnych jednostek oceniających staje się normą stylistyczną wszystkich odmian gatunkowych. Autor bada kompatybilność słów, która jest niezwykle ważna dla zrozumienia znaczenia, ponieważ analiza kontekstu zawsze uświadamia sobie indywidualne cechy semantyczne słowa. Funkcjonowanie syntagmatycznie określonych nominacji wtórnych we współczesnym języku ukraińskim wynika z chęci mówców do dywersyfikacji i wyrażania swoich myśli. Stwierdza się, że mówca używa emocjonalnie zabarwionego słowa w znaczeniu drugorzędnym do konceptualizacji neutralnych zjawisk, wydarzeń lub zwykłych sytuacji w celu stworzenia zwiększonego stopnia ekspresji do opisania zdarzenia. Objętość pejoratywnych ocen w umyśle rodzimego użytkownika języka znacznie przewyższa objętość ocen rekompensacyjnych i jest to oczywiste. W końcu to, co nie mieści się w ramach ogólnie przyjętych – bezwzględność, zdrada, ograniczenie, prymitywizm, niezdolność do krytycznego myślenia – tworzy matrycę wtórnych nominacji ewaluatywnych.
Ujęcie pamięci w opcji literackiej Wołodymyra Łysa
Authors: Antałowska Inna
Published: July 2024

Autorka artykułu w kontekście analizy utworów literackich podejmuje problem pamięci, która jest konstruktem nie tylko tożsamości indywidualnej, ale także w szerszym znaczeniu – zbiorowej i narodowej. Badanie tej kwestii jest niezwykle ważnym, a nawet koniecznym zabiegiem, zwłaszcza ze względu na ponowne zagrożenie ukraińskości w warunkach trwającej wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej. Przedmiotem badań została twórczość współczesnego pisarza ukraińskiego Wołodymyra Łysa, mianowicie powieści Kraj gorzkiej czułości oraz Solo dla Solomii. Teksty te są rozpatrywane jako właściwe świadectwa kobiet w okresie totalitaryzmu. Fabuły obu utworów oparte są na historiach kobiet, które przeżyły wyzwania XX wieku, próbując zachować własną tożsamość. Przypominanie przez nich doświadczeń traumatycznych jest próbą przezwyciężenia bolesnej pamięci, ale zarazem ważnym wątkiem okazuje się przekazanie potomkom prawdziwej historii, tradycyjnych wartości moralnych, zachowanie ciągłości pokoleń.
Comparison of fatigue lifetime of new generation CAD/CAM crown materials on zirconia and titanium abutments in implant-supported crowns: a 3D finite element analysis
Authors: Deste Gökay Gonca , Gökçimen Gülsüm , Oyar Perihan , Durkan Rukiye
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Due to the dynamic character of the stomatognathic system, fatigue life experiments simulating the cyclic loading experienced by implant-supported restorations are critical consideration. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different crown and abutment materials on fatigue failure of single implant-supported crowns.

Methods

Models were created for 10 different designs of implant-supported single crowns including two zirconia-reinforced lithium silicates (crystallized and precrystallized), monolithic lithium disilicate, polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks, and polyetheretherketone supported by zirconia and titanium abutments. A cyclic load of 179 N with a frequency of 1 Hz was applied on palatal cusp of a maxillary first premolar at a 30° angle in a buccolingual direction.

Results

In the models with titanium abutments, the polymer-infiltrated ceramic network model had a lower number of cycles to fatigue failure values in the implant (5.07), abutment (2.30), and screw (1.07) compared to others. In the models with zirconia abutments, the crystallized zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate model had a higher number of cycles to fatigue failure values in the abutment (8.52) compared to others. Depending on the fatigue criteria, polyetheretherketone implant crown could fail in less than five year while the other implant crowns exhibits an infinite life on all models.

Conclusions

The type of abutment material had an effect on the number of cycles to fatigue failure values for implants, abutments, and screws, but had no effect on crown materials. The zirconia abutment proved longer fatigue lifetime, and should thus be considered for implant-supported single crowns.
Anatomic variability of the human femur and its implications for the use of artificial bones in biomechanical testing
Authors: Hollensteiner Marianne , Traweger Andreas , Augat Peter
Published: July 2024

Aside from human bones, epoxy-based synthetic bones are regarded as the gold standard for biomechanical testing os osteosyntheses. There is a significant discrepancy in biomechanical testing between the determination of fracture stability due to implant treatment in experimental methods and their ability to predict the outcome of stability and fracture healing in a patient. One possible explanation for this disparity is the absence of population-specific variables such as age, gender, and ethnicity in artificial bone, which may influence the geometry and mechanical properties of bone. The goal of this review was to determine whether commercially available artificial bones adequately represent human anatomical variability for mechanical testing of femoral osteosyntheses. To summarize, the availability of suitable bone surrogates currently limits the validity of mechanical evaluations of implant-bone constructs. The currently available synthetic bones neither accurately reflect the local mechanical properties of human bone, nor adequately represent the necessary variability between various populations, limiting their generalized clinical relevance.
Effects of nanoparticles on the activity and resistance genes of anaerobic digestion enzymes in livestock and poultry manure containing the antibiotic tetracycline
Authors: Zhen Xiaofei , Jiao Ruonan , Zhan Han , Wu Wenbing , Li Ke , Feng Lei , Du Tie
Published: July 2024

Taking chicken manure containing antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) as the research object, nano-Fe2O3 with a concentration of 300 mg/kg TS and nano-C60 with a concentration of 100 mg/kg TS as carriers were used for a 55-day sequential batch mesophilic anaerobic digestion experiment. The gas production performance, chemical parameters, antibiotic content, enzyme concentration, and resistance gene changes during anaerobic digestion were analyzed to clarify the effect of nanoparticles on anaerobic systems containing antibiotic chicken manure and provide a reliable basis for pollution reduction capacity of livestock and poultry manure. The results showed that (1) adding nano-Fe2O3 and nano-C60 promoted anaerobic gas production in chicken manure with different concentrations of OTC. The cumulative gas production from days 1 to 10 was 2,234(T5) > 2,163(T4) > 1,445(T2) > 1,289(T3) > 1,220(T1) > 1,216(CK) mL. The cumulative gas production of T4 and T5 increased by 77.29 and 83.11%, respectively. The final cumulative gas production for each group was 3,712(CK), 3,993(T1), 4,344(T2), 4,447(T3), 4,671(T4), and 4,849(T5) mL. The final OTC residue concentrations were 15.25, 20.40, 56.56, 17.67, and 16.89 μg/L, with degradation rates of 98.31, 98.80, 98.29, 99.07, and 99.11% respectively; (2) antibiotic OTC increased the activities of dehydrogenase, amylase, protease, and urease, while adding nanoparticles increased the activities of dehydrogenase and amylase, with no significant impact on cellulase, urease, and protease activities; (3) antibiotic resistance gene (ARGs) of various types were found in groups T2, T4, and T5, with the multidrug resistance gene (ARGs)-Multidrug accounting for a high proportion of 33.54, 35.63, and 37.43%, respectively, while the proportions of the other four types MLS, tetracycline, glycopeptide, and peptide ranged from 8.18 to 12.98%.
Solving linear and nonlinear problems using Taylor series method
Authors: Veigend Petr , Nečasová Gabriela , Šátek Václav
Published: July 2024

The article deals with the solution of technical initial value problems. To solve such problems, an analytical or numerical approach is possible. The analytical approach can provide an accurate result; however, it is not available for all problems and it is not entirely suitable for calculation on a computer, due to the limited numerical accuracy. For this reason, the numerical approach is preferred. This approach uses ordinary differential equations to approximate the continuous behaviour of the real-world system. There are many known numerical methods for solving such equations, most of them limited in their accuracy, have a limited region of stability and can be quite slow to achieve the acceptable solution. The numerical method proposed in this article is based on the Taylor series and overcomes the biggest challenge, i.e. calculating higher derivatives. The aim of the article is therefore twofold: to introduce the method and show its properties, and to show its behaviour when solving problems composed of linear and nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Linear problems are modelled by partial differential equations and solved in parallel using the PETSc library. The parallel solution is demonstrated using the wave equation, which is transformed into the system of ordinary differential equations using the method of lines. The solution of nonlinear problems is introduced together with several optimisations that significantly increase the calculation speed. The improvements are demonstrated using several numerical examples that are solved using MATLAB software.
Chinese and English text classification techniques incorporating CHI feature selection for ELT cloud classroom
Authors: Wei Yufen
Published: July 2024

Although online cloud classroom teaching has been popular, the current English teaching cloud classroom has the defects of low information utilization and low information acquisition accuracy. To improve the information utilization and accuracy in teaching, a Chinese and English text classification algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is based on an improved Chi-squared test feature selection (CHI) algorithm. The performance of CHI is optimized by adding parameters such as word frequency, document coverage, and coefficient of variation to the CHI algorithm. According to the experimental results, the proposed algorithm achieved a recall of up to 1.0 under the Chinese dataset. Its accuracy rate was 0.49 higher than traditional CHI. Under the English dataset, the MO of the proposed algorithm reached 0.9. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm has reliable classification ability for both English and Chinese texts and has the potential to be applied to the English language teaching cloud classroom.
Software compliance in various industries using CI/CD, dynamic microservices, and containers
Authors: Dakić Pavle
Published: July 2024

The microservices architecture is widely used in modern businesses due to its ability to offer speed, efficiency, adaptability, autonomy, and usability. On the other hand, this architectural paradigm demands a well-designed infrastructure for optimal container and cluster utilization. Establishing version control and a solid continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) infrastructure becomes critical for accelerating software delivery to production and ensuring code alignment with best practices. This scientific investigation investigates the development of customized, specialized CI/CD procedures for software compliance, expanding its scope beyond traditional software delivery to include the complexities of design, testing, and server deployment. By integrating real-world examples from industry and reviewing crucial tools, the goal is to provide organizations with empirical information to navigate the difficulties of modern software development. The upcoming research seamlessly fits into the larger discussion, providing a deep understanding of sophisticated structures and their design. This interdisciplinary research combines the scientific principles governing microservices with the practical specifics of CI/CD methodologies, giving businesses a thorough understanding and practical insight into the tools needed to navigate the diverse landscape of modern software engineering. Among the main findings of this research is a suggestion for a new approach known as General repository compliance operations.
The Lichnerowicz Laplacian on normal homogeneous spaces
Authors: Schwahn Paul
Published: July 2024

We give a new formula for the Lichnerowicz Laplacian on normal homogeneous spaces in terms of Casimir operators.
We derive some practical estimates and apply them to the known list of non-symmetric, compact, simply connected homogeneous spaces

G
/
H

G/H

with 𝐺 simple whose standard metric is Einstein.
This yields many new examples of Einstein metrics which are stable in the Einstein–Hilbert sense, which have long been lacking in the positive scalar curvature setting.
Improved sensitivity bounds for mediation under unmeasured mediator–outcome confounding
Authors: Sjölander Arvid , Waernbaum Ingeborg
Published: July 2024

It is often of interest to decompose a total effect into an indirect effect, relayed through a particular mediator, and a direct effect. However, these effect components are not identified if there are unmeasured confounding of the mediator and the outcome. We derive nonparametric bounds on the natural direct and indirect effects, and Cornfield inequalities that the unmeasured confounders must satisfy to explain away an “observed” effect. We demonstrate, analytically and by simulation, that these bounds and Cornfield inequalities are sharper than those previously proposed in the literature. We illustrate the methods with an application to cholestyramine treatment for coronary heart disease.
Online and offline physical education quality assessment based on mobile edge computing
Authors: Xu Ji
Published: July 2024

Every institution in China has undergone reform and piloting based on its unique situation to enhance the quality of instruction as a result of the ongoing advancement of the times and the educational idea in the information age. The effectiveness of education is increased by hybrid teaching, which combines offline and online approaches. It empowered educators and motivates learners to take responsibility for their learning. Classes in physical education (PE) that place a strong emphasis on training and technical performance are especially well-suited for hybrid instruction. This mode improves teaching abilities and supports the long-term growth of education. As a result, we offer an online and offline technique for assessing the quality of PE instruction that is relied on mobile edge computing (MEC). With the use of the target, index, weight, and standard assessments, this study builds a quality evaluation index (QEI) approach for PE that combines online and offline techniques. Assessing the corresponding significance of every index, factor, and cluster analysis compresses index elements. The weights of the QEIs for integrated instruction are determined using MEC. The efficacy of combined PE is assessed using the fuzzy logic-based comprehensive assessment methodology. According to the analytical model, this strategy increases teaching quality while reducing costs and mistakes and improves assessment effectiveness. The experimental results proved that the proposed model has provided an accuracy of 95.98%.
Estimating the dynamics of the drinking epidemic model with control interventions: A sensitivity analysis
Authors: Anjam Yasir Nadeem , Ishfaq Kashaf , Cheema Salman Arif , Munawar Sufian , Saleem Najma , Farman Muhammad
Published: July 2024

This article presents a non-linear mathematical model that captures the dynamics of drinking prevalence within a population. The model is analyzed under an optimal control framework, dividing the total population into four compartments: susceptible, heavy drinker, drinker in treatment, and recovered classes. The model’s validity is affirmed through considerations of positivity, boundedness, reproduction number, stability, and sensitivity analysis. Stability theory is employed to explore both local and global stabilities. Sensitivity analysis identifies parameters with a significant impact on the reproduction number (

R

0

{R}_{0}

), with maximum sensitivity observed in parameters related to drinking transmission and transitions from heavy drinking to treatment stages. These parameters exhibit sensitivity indices of

(

0.538
,
1

)

\left(0.538,1)

, indicating that a 10% increase in these parameters would result in a

(

5.38
,
1

)

\left(5.38,1)

increase in the threshold quantity. The study introduces an optimal control strategy that involves awareness campaigns and treatment as control variables. These controls aim to minimize the number of heavy drinkers while maximizing the number of recovered individuals. Pontryagin’s maximum principle is used to solve optimal control problems. Additionally, the research explores various parametric settings for each compartment, enriching the study environment. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is evaluated through rigorous numerical simulations, highlighting its competitive edge. The results, validated using MATLAB simulations, are detailed throughout the article.
The Longitudinal Impact of Self-esteem Trajectories and Social Support on School Adjustment in Multicultural Children
Authors: Kim Young Mi
Published: July 2024

The study aims to investigate the trajectory of self-esteem and the longitudinal pathways between self-esteem trajectories, social support (from parents, peers, and teachers), and school life adaptation in multicultural children. This study utilized data from the 1st to 3rd waves of the Multicultural Youth Panel Survey (MAPS 2nd) involving 2,271 elementary school children. Data were analyzed using latent growth modeling (LGM) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The major findings were as follows: First, from fourth to sixth grade, the trajectory of self-esteem among multicultural children decreased linearly over time, with significant individual differences in the intercept and slope of self-esteem. Second, in the fourth grade, social support from parents, peers, and teachers significantly affected the trajectory of self-esteem. Third, both the slope of self-esteem and social support significantly influenced school life adaptation in the sixth grade. These results suggest that supportive social relationships are crucial protective factors for the development of self-esteem in multicultural children. For future interventions targeting low self-esteem, it is essential to foster supportive relationships with parents, peers, and teachers, and to promote positive emotional experiences during late childhood.
Development and Validation of Korean Honorifics Use and Interaction Scale for Preschoolers
Authors: Choi Naya , Jung Suji , Choi Jisu
Published: July 2024

This study aims to develop the scale to measure South Korean preschoolers’ ability to use honorifics and parents’ belief, guidance, and discipline for preschoolers’ use of honorifics and to verify its validity and reliability. We developed preliminary items through previous literature review, discussion among researchers, and verification of content validity and face validity. After 317 mothers of preschoolers answered the questionnaire about children’s honorifics use and their guidance, we identified constructs of the scale and verified the validity and reliability of the scale with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and correlation analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, Korean honorifics use and interaction scale for preschoolers consisted of 25 items under six constructs: preschoolers’ use of honorifics, preschoolers’ use of greetings, preschooler’s politeness, parents’ honorifics beliefs, parents’ honorifics guidance, and parents’ honorifics discipline. Second, we verified the convergent validity, discriminant validity, and concurrent validity of the scale. In conclusion, as the developed scale was verified to have theoretical and statistical validity and reliability, this scale can be used to evaluate South Korean preschoolers’ pragmatic development and its relation with parents’ honorifics beliefs, guidance, and discipline.
Attachment Stability in College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Short-Term Longitudinal Study on Adult Attachment Style, Emotion Regulation, and Maternal Emotional Availability
Authors: Kim Sungju , Jeong Yoonkyung
Published: July 2024

Attachment theory focuses on relationships and bonds, particularly long-term. These early bonds, formed during the initial years of life, are not just transient but play a pivotal role in shaping the child's future emotional health and relationships, influencing attachments throughout life. The longitudinal stability of attachment styles, a pivotal aspect of attachment theory, has the potential to change over time as well. Consequently, it is important to examine the underlying assumptions. For these reasons, this study examines the stability and change in attachment styles with a focus on college students(19 ~ 24 years old) using a short-term longitudinal method. Assessments included Adult Attachment Relationships (Questionnaire (RQ), Relationships Scales Questionnaire (RSQ)), Emotion- Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Interaction Anxiousness Scale (IAS), and Lum Emotional Availability of Parents (LEAP) measure. The results demonstrated both stability and changes in adult attachment. More importantly, students who maintained a secure attachment style and those who transitioned from insecure attachment to secure attachment experienced higher levels of maternal emotional availability when compared to those maintaining an insecure attachment style. This study is the first attempt to identify stability and change in college students' adult attachment and its relation to interpersonal functioning, and maternal emotional availability. Limitations and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
The Relationship between Social Network Perception and Independence Intentions of Emerging Adults: Youth Life Survey Results
Authors: Park Eun Joo , Park Jeong Yun
Published: July 2024

This study aims to verify the influence of socio-demographic factors and social network perceptions on the independence intentions of emerging adults. Descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation analysis, and binary logistic regression were performed on a sample of 7,755 young adults living with their parents, selected from the 2022 Youth Life Survey conducted among male and female young adults aged 19 to 34 in 17 provinces nationwide. The results indicate the following. First, family was the primary source of assistance, and the perception of friends, public institutions, and private organizations was very low, indicating overall social network vulnerability among young adults. Second, socio- demographic characteristics such as gender, region, education, employment status, household income, as well as preferred social network sources and network size, were significantly associated with independence intentions. Third, the probability of independence intention increased as the size of the social network increased. This study empirically highlights the influence of young adults' social network perceptions on independence intentions and discusses the need for more sophisticated institutional support and improved delivery systems to promote the utilization of social networks.
Pedagogical scaffolding in L2 teaching: An examination of an EFL summary writing lesson
Authors: Sun Xiaomei
Published: July 2024

Underpinned by sociocultural theory, scaffolding is a long-standing term but remains an under-researched topic in L2 pedagogy studies. With the aim of investigating what pedagogical scaffolding an EFL teacher applied to a genre-based approach to L2 writing and the effect of the scaffolding, this study scrutinised a lesson plan as part of a school-based workbook and students’ response to the scaffolding reflected in their written works. Data were collected from teaching materials, students’ written works (N=42), and a semi-structured interview with the teacher participant. Results indicate that multi-layered and multi-dimensional scaffolding was manifested in the design and implementation of the writing lesson. Analysis of the story summaries reveals that the teacher’s scaffolding and guidance resulted in students’ general application of genre-specific features and focused grammatical structures in their writing. Meanwhile, different degrees of conformity and creativity were demonstrated in the written works: less competent L2 learners displayed greater conformity to the teacher’s instructions, while students of higher L2 proficiency displayed more creativity in their works. This study provides suggestions for adopting multi-layered and multi-dimensional scaffolding in EFL writing lessons.
Impoliteness strategies implied among characters of The Simpsons Movie
Authors: Meylana Ardhy  , Issy Yuliasri  , Fahrur Rozi
Published: July 2024

The basic rule in communicating is to respect the interlocutor so that the process of communication can run smoothly. Then, the concept of impoliteness by Culpeper (1996) appears and raises new views. Rather than protecting the face of the interlocutor, the concept of impoliteness is used to attack. In communication, impoliteness should be avoided because of its potential to cause conflict. Uniquely, impoliteness is used in the entertainment sector, such as in The Simpsons Movie. With various impoliteness strategies combined with varied implementations, impoliteness that has a negative impression becomes something entertaining. This research aims to 1) Explain the use of impoliteness strategies and 2) explain its function in The Simpsons Movie. The theories used are Culpeper (1996) and (2011), while the method is descriptive qualitative. The detailed findings are bald-on-record 14%, positive impoliteness 42%, negative impoliteness 32%, sarcasm 8%, and withhold politeness 4%, which each strategy has its uniqueness. From this study, it is found that there are various implementations, combinations of delivery, and functions of impoliteness. The use of the impoliteness function plays an important role. The utilization of affective, coercive, and entertainment functions provokes the emotions of the interlocutor and audience to make the movie interesting.
Laboratory of Crystal Chemistry ofthe Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS: Milestonesof the Long Road
Authors: ГРОМИЛОВ С.А. , СОЛОДОВНИКОВ С.Ф.
Published: July 2024

Освещены основные этапы развития рентгеноструктурных и кристаллохимических исследований в лаборатории кристаллохимии Института неорганической химии им. А. В. Николаева СО РАН за период 1958–2024 гг.

The milestones of the development of X-ray diffraction and crystal chemical studies in the Laboratory of Crystal Chemistry ofthe Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS for 1958–2024 are highlighted.
Modelling of Hydrogen Flow from Gas Mixtures through Nickel Capillaries Considering the Nonuniformity of Temperature Distribution
Authors: ТРОПИН Е.С. , ГОНГОЛА М.И. , НЕМУДРЫЙ А.П.
Published: July 2024

Разработана математическая модель потока водорода из газовых смесей через стенки капиллярных трубок из металлического никеля, учитывающая неоднородность парциального давления водорода вдоль длинной трубки, а также неоднородность температуры на разных участках трубки. С помощью модели на основе экспериментальных данных рассчитаны кинетические параметры транспорта водорода в диапазоне температур 600–850 °C и диапазоне парциальных давлений водорода 0.1–1.0 атм. Модель может быть использована при проектировании мембранных модулей сепарации водорода из газовых смесей для расчета длины единичных мембран, их количества и оптимальной скорости потока водородсодержащей смеси через мембрану.

A mathematical model of the flow of hydrogen from gas mixtures through the walls of capillary tubes made of metallic nickel has been developed, taking into account the inhomogeneity of the partial pressure of hydrogen along a long tube, as well as temperature nonuniformity in different regions of the tube. Using the model and relying on experimental data, the kinetic parameters of hydrogen transport were calculated within the temperature range of 600–850 ºС and the hydrogen partial pressure range of 0.3–0.8 atm. The model can be used in the design of membrane modules for hydrogen separation from gas mixtures to calculate the length of individual membranes, their number, and the optimal flow rate of the hydrogen-containing gas mixture through the membrane.
Methods for the formation of structured light beams and their application for laser microprocessing
Authors:   , Šlevas Paulius
Published: July 2024

Struktūrinių šviesos pluoštų formavimo metodai ir jų taikymas lazeriniam mikroapdirbimui
To the energodynamics of universe
Authors: VA Etkin
Published: July 2024

It is proposed to consider the processes of the evolution of the Universe from the standpoint of energodynamics as a unified theory of the power of processes of energy transfer and transformation in isolated systems. Within the framework of this theory, an equation of the Universe was obtained, covering all categories of processes occurring in it, and a new law of gravity applicable to the cosmic vacuum. This law predicts the existence of gravitational forces of attraction and repulsion, gravitational equilibrium and “supergravity,” which allows the universe to function forever without being in equilibrium. The theory explains the nature of the evolution of the Universe, which is incompatible with thermodynamics, and a number of mysteries of its behavior, including the flow of matter from galaxy to galaxy, libration, the anomalous behavior of “space probes”, the observed nature of the rotational curves of galaxies, the existence of “gravitational wells”, the size of its “black holes”, revealing their role as “factories” of matter in it. Data from astronomical observations confirming the validity of the theory are presented.
Detection and classification of metal surface defects using lite convolutional neural network (LCNN)
Authors: Mamun Al-Mahmud Al , Hossain Md Rasel , Sharmin Mst Mahfuza
Published: July 2024

Quality control in metal product manufacturing relies heavily on accurately detecting and classifying surface defects through visual inspection. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promising results in automating this process with high accuracy. This research paper proposes a new (experimental version) Lite Convolutional Neural Network (LCNN) designed to analyze image data to detect and classify surface defects on metallic surfaces. Our model was trained on a metal surface defects dataset comprising 1800 images of six different types of surface defects. Despite using relatively small datasets, the proposed LCNN version achieves a classification accuracy of 91.67%, highlighting its effectiveness in real-world defect detection scenarios.
Political Ethnobiology
Authors: Soldati Gustavo Taboada , Almada Emmanuel Duarte
Published: July 2024

Indigenous peoples and local communities continue to suffer various violations and ethnocide. Their knowledge systems and biodiversity management practices, which are fundamental to overcoming the central crises of today, are under threat. Consolidating a political approach in Ethnobiology can contribute to the struggles and rights of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities. Therefore, we present (i) a brief history of the political approach in Ethnobiology, (ii) conceptual and theoretical contributions to an anti-oppressive Ethnobiology, (iii) a proposal for a conceptual and programmatic synthesis for Political Ethnobiology, and (iv) examples of investigations and concrete actions in the field of Political Ethnobiology.
Informatics Teachers’ Attitudes Towards the Primary Education Curriculum of the Given Subject in the Republic of Croatia and the Czech Republic/Stavovi učiteljica i učitelja informatike o kurikulima predmeta Informatika u osnovnom obrazovanju Republike Hrvatske i Češke Republike
Authors: Sedlaček Jana , Oreški Predrag
Published: July 2024

AbstractThe current paper aims to analyse the attitudes of primary education teachers who teach Informatics in the Republic of Croatia and the Czech Republic; these refer to the given subject curricula that have been used in their countries. The sampleconsisted of 368 teachers, 187 from the Republic of Croatia and 181 from the Czech Republic. The research was conducted simultaneously in the Republic of Croatia and the Czech Republic, using an online questionnaire. The obtained results show that there is no statistically significant difference in the respondents’ satisfaction with the given curriculum content, just as there is no statistically significant difference in the respondents’ desire for additional primary teacher education with regards to their country. However, the respondents from the Republic of Croatia (Mdn=4, M=4.19, SD=1.01) can be considered more competent for teaching Informatics when compared to the respondents from the Czech Republic (Mdn=4, M=3.74, SD=1.10), (Z=-4.49, p=0.000), that is, there is a significant statistical difference between them in this aspect. The qualitative part if the research indicates many curriculum advantages and disadvantages being considered important by the teachers from both countries; consequently, these should be taken into account at designing a new curricula. Key words: curriculum, Informatics, Republic of Croatia, the Czech Republic.---SažetakCilj jeistraživanja prikazanoga u ovom radu analizirati stavove učiteljica i učitelja informatike u osnovnom obrazovanju Republike Hrvatske i Češke Republike prema kurikulima predmeta Informatika koji se koriste u njihovim zemljama. Uzorak istraživanja čini ukupno 368 učiteljica i učitelja: 187 iz Republike Hrvatske i 181 iz Češke Republike. Istraživanje je provedeno istovremeno u Republici Hrvatskoj i Češkoj Republici putem online upitnika. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u zadovoljstvu ispitanika sadržajem kurikula predmeta Informatika i da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u želji ispitanika za dodatnim obrazovanjem s obzirom na zemlju ispitanika. Međutim, ispitanici iz Republike Hrvatske (Mdn = 4, M = 4,19, SD = 1,01) mogu se smatrati kompetentnijima za izvođenje nastave uspoređujući ih s ispitanicima iz Češke Republike (Mdn = 4, M = 3,74, SD = 1,10) (Z = -4,49, p = 0,000). U kvalitativnom dijelu istraživanja navedene su mnoge prednosti i nedostatci kurikula koje učitelji iz obje zemlje smatraju važnima te bi ih trebalo uzeti u obzir pri izradi sljedećega izdanja kurikula.Ključne riječi: Češka Republika, informatika, kurikul, Republika Hrvatska.
Project Spotlight: Precast concrete complements historic stone bridge
Authors: Atkinson William
Published: July 2024

Precast concrete was used to rehabilitate this 1890s stone arch bridge that had deteriorating sidewalks. The masonry arch bridge on State Route 209, East Broad Street, in Tamaqua, Pa., won a 2015 PCI Design Award for Best Special Solution. Northeast Prestressed Products LLC (NPP) in Cressona, Pa., fabricated and supplied the arched sidewalk beams.
Project Spotlight: Mixed-use rehabilitation project benefits from precast concrete
Authors: Atkinson William
Published: July 2024

High-performance insulated architectural precast concrete panels were chosen to reclad an aging eight-story building at 34 S. 11th St. in Philadelphia, Pa. The 11 in. (208 mm) thick panels, fabricated by Coreslab Structures, include an exterior 4 in. (100 mm) layer of poly- isocyanurate insulation, manufactured by Thermomass. The panels also feature 3 in. (76 mm) finned projections
PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR DAN PERGESERAN MAKNA FRASA NOMINA BAHASA INGGRIS DALAM “THE ADVENTURE OF TOM SAWYER” DAN VERSI BAHASA INDONESIANYA
Authors: Ruminda Ruminda , Komariah Siti
Published: July 2024

Penerjemahan esensinya tidak hanya menerjemahkan SL kedalam TL, tetapi juga menemukan ketepatan makna ketika SL diterjemahkan kedalam TL. Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia itu sendiri merupakan dua bahasa dengan struktur gramatikal dan aturan yang berbeda, khususnya perbedaan dalam proses penyusunan kata, frase, dan klausa menjadi kalimat yang baik dan benar. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bagaimana perubahan struktur serta pergeseran makna frasa nomina (NP) Bahasa Inggris ketika diterjemahkan kedalam Bahasa Indonesia yang ditemukan dalam novel The Adventure of Tom Sawyer dan terjemahan versi Bahasa Indonesianya. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, purposive sampling atau sample acak serta dokumen analisis dengan menerapkan analisa tri diagram. Dengan menggunakan teori translation shif dan sintaksis, penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perubahan pola, perubahan kategori sintaksis, perubahan fungsi sintak dan pergeseran makna ketika NP Bahasa Inggris di terjemahkan kedalam Bahasa Indonesia.
Teologi Lingkungan dalam Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Sunda
Authors: Suyatman Ujang
Published: July 2024

The environmental crisis created by human activity in the modern era has threatened the existence of planet earth and the lives of various creatures in it. These problems are not adequately addressed by scientific technology and methods alone, but a strategy that can fundamentally and radically change the way people view and behave towards their environment. This study examines the principles of Islamic teachings and their implementation in local wisdom practices of the Sundanese people, as one of the strategies for the development of morals and the way of view of human beings towards nature and the environment.