bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TOWARDS A NETWORK APPROACH IN THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN COLORECTAL CANCER
Authors:   Immunology Department, Iuliu Haþieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Farc Ovidiu , Zaharie Florin ,   Surgical Department, Iuliu Haþieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, Țăulean Roman ,   Surgical Department, Iuliu Haþieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Published: June 2023

Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the tumors with a dominant inflammatory component. An impressive volume of research has focused on the potential diagnostic or therapeutic application of the molecules (cytokines, adhesion molecules, others) that alter their expression during inflammation in tumors. However, recently these molecules have been shown to establish complicated relations (cytokine networks) in tumor biology. The present study aims to characterize the cytokine network in colorectal cancer, to highlight the quantitative development of immune modules, the ways in which they are organized and to determine whether there is a superior level coordination in the immune response in colorectal cancer. Methods: The serum levels of nine interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-33, IL-17A, IL-22, IFN (interferon)-γ, IL-4 and IL-10) two cell adhesion molecules-ICAM-1 and P-sel (P-selectin)- and a matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP-7) were measured by ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in thirty-three CRC patients and thirty-five healthy controls. Cytokines were selected to represent the main immune networks in CRC. Data were processed in order to find molecules with correlated or group behavior. Results: Three groups or ensembles and a number of independent modules were determined by the present study. Conclusions: The study highlights a heterogenous immune response, with an overall reduced level, with both pro-and antitumoral elements, which tend to be organized into functional groups. This may serve as starting point for strategic approaches in therapy. Keywords: Colorectal, cancer, cytokine, adhesion, network
IN VITRO EFFECTS OF HUMAN BREAST MILK AND TWO FUNCTIONAL FOODS CANDIDATES ON CLOSTRIDIOIDES (CLOSTRIDIUM) DIFFICILE GROWTH
Authors:   ", Vasilescu Iulia-Magdalena ,   1.Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania  2.INBI Prof. Dr. Matei Balş - National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Bucharest, Romania", Dițu Lia-Mara ,   "1.Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania  2.Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania", Stancu Costel ,   Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile is an anaerobic bacterial species commonly found in the human intestine. In some conditions, like gut dysbiosis, it can manifest its pathogenicity, causing a large spectrum of colitis. The prophylactic administration of probiotics or a combination of probiotics and prebiotic substances, called symbiotic products as an adjuvant for antibiotic treatment, has been tested to reduce the duration of clinical manifestations and to prevent relapses, but the results are not conclusive. Objectives: This study aims to evidence the in vitro effects of C. difficile growth under the influence of two candidate functional foods (traditional sour wheat bran beverage and pickle juice), which have both probiotic with prebiotic properties and of the breast milk, known for its prebiotic components. Methods: A number of three clinical strains of C. difficile isolated from patients with post-antibiotic C. difficile infections were used in order to investigate the effects of domestic origin product fractions and breast milk on the C. difficile strains growth. Results: We found a dose-dependent stimulatory effect of the traditional sour wheat bran beverage fractions, possibly due to the presence of some unknown growth factors. Unmodified pickle juice and the resulting supernatant also have dose-dependent inhibitory effects on C. difficile growth, while inactivated cell sediment had no noticeable effect. Conclusions: Further exploration is needed to be able to exploit the inhibitory effect of sour wheat bran beverage and pickle juice on C. difficile growth and to identify and isolate biological components from these functional foods. Keywords: functional food, Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection, gastrointestinal microbiota, probiotics, prebiotic
PROFESSOR ANGELESCU’S GUIDE
Authors:   ", Popa Mircea-Ioan ,   1.Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, România  2.Cantacuzino National Military Medical Institute for Research and Development, Bucharest, România"
Published: June 2023

Predecessors in the Romanian School of Microbiology established several golden guidelines for the clinical integration of the microbiology laboratory, the clinical rationale behind the infectious disease patients, and the antibiotic administration. However, without a determined mind to continue, strengthen, and nurture the work they have undertaken, professors Ion Cantacuzino, Victor Babes, and Matei Bals' expertise would have vanished [1-3]. Professor Angelescu proved to be the ideal individual right when he was most needed, determined to carry on their legacy, to further advance antibiotic knowledge, and a patient, father-like figure to his younger colleagues. He answered the invitation to become a leading authority at a time when advances in the science of antibiotics had doctors puzzled. The "Angelescu’s Guide" was intended to be a lifeline for what would soon become one of the major challenges of the twenty-first century: antibiotic resistance in delicate clinical settings. Actual, achievable strategies for the care of an infectious illness patient are provided below, as are pertinent research recommendations for younger and fresher medical minds. Keywords: Professor Mircea Angelescu, Antibiotic Use and Abuse, Antibiotic Guidelines, Medical Writing, Clinical and Laboratory Medicine
The Change of Global Temperature Affected by Global Economy
Authors: Fan Yuqing , Xia Wu , Zhang Linxi
Published: June 2023

Global warming is the most serious environmental problem due to rising temperatures. Previous studies showed CO2 is the primary greenhouse gas. CO2 emission is caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Humans pursue industrial growth at the expense of releasing CO2 into the atmosphere. Economic development is represented by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The growth of CO2 emission increases more and more and does not reach the peak. The global temperature is facing a 2˚C crisis. The global emissions and global economy have a strong indication of relative sensitivity. We found out that countries with higher GDP emit more CO2. Individuals who have higher GDP per capita emit more CO2 to the atmosphere. GDP has a positive correlation with global temperature. Climate change is one of the biggest inequalities around the world. Richer countries caused more damage to global warming, but poor countries suffer more from global warming’s damage. GDP per capita has a positive correlation with temperature and CO2 emissions. The development of a country has a trend of increasing CO2 emissions at an early stage and decreasing CO2 emissions at a later stage. Total GDP although cannot positively correlated to CO2 emissions, but multicollinearity tests proved the two variables are related.
The analytical description and detection of two types of dark matter: the WIMPs and axion
Authors: Qi Zheng
Published: June 2023

Contemporarily, the dark matter is considered as the jewel of the modern physics and whether it is existence or not still puzzling scholars. With the development of the detection techniques, the searching range and detection accuracy have been updated dramatically. In this paper, the basic principle and analytical descriptions for dark matter is introduced. Subsequently, the state-of-art detection approaches for the two well-known dark matter types (i.e., WIMPs and axion) are demonstrated. These results shed light on the further development of dark matter searching.
Experimental Study on Microbial Attachment Degree of New Polymer Nanomaterials on the Surface of Oil Field Development Platform Equipment
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Song Chunyan , Li Zengqiang , Gao Yan , Fu Wen
Published: June 2023

Nanomaterials have surface effects and quantum size effects, which can affect the structure and function of some biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acid molecules. Nanomaterials were introduced into the development of Marine antifouling paint to solve the attachment problem of Marine fouling organisms. In this paper, the method of gene cloning was used to identify the early microbial species of oil field development platform equipment fouling. Finally, the antifouling effect of 13 kinds of nanomaterials and their combinations was tested by conventional PCR and real-time quantitative PCR. The experimental simulation shows that titanium nano polymer alloy coatings have obvious technical advantages in adhesion, impact resistance, coating hardness, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and chemical corrosion resistance.
Exploration on the Influence of Music Aesthetic Education on Students' Quality-Oriented Education in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Gong Hongmin
Published: June 2023

As the means and ways to cultivate students with well-rounded development of "virtue, intelligence, physical conditions, mind status and community service", aesthetic education is of great significance and practical value to the quality education and aesthetic cultivation of contemporary students. At the same time, music, as the most important part of aesthetic education, has an irreplaceable role in the art edification and literary connotation cultivation. Therefore, to cultivate students' artistic quality and improve students' music literacy, aesthetic education has an irreplaceable role and significance. The paper will explore and study the two aspects of "music appreciation" and "vocal performance" through the analysis of music aesthetic education courses in colleges and universities.
The Status Quo and Analysis of English Teacher Identity in Rural Primary Schools
Authors: Wu Jiahui
Published: June 2023

The identity of a rural teacher refers to the individual teacher’s perception and recognition of their teaching role in different contexts. This study focuses on English teachers in rural elementary schools, using a questionnaire to explore the current status quo of their identity from four aspects: environmental, professional, social and personal identity. Also, the study uncovers identity crisis and propose solutions. The results show that the level of identity among rural English teachers is relatively low. Specifically, they lack a sense of belonging to the rural environment, a large education gap that negatively affects their professional identity, and a personal identity crisis primarily manifested in the mismatch between work input and teaching satisfaction. Additionally, the level of their social identity is also low. This study recommends adjustments from three respects: society, school, and teachers, in order to enhance the identity of rural English teachers and promote the construction of a high-quality rural teaching team.
Study on the Correlation and Group Differences between Boarding School and Middle School Students' Academic Performance
Authors: Wu Yueru
Published: June 2023

As a standard management system in the learning and life of junior high school students, boarding significantly impacts students' academic performance. However, there are substantial differences in academic performance between day and boarding students. This paper takes junior high school students as an example, selects data from the China Education Panel Survey to analyze the relationship between boarding and academic performance, and finds that day students have higher academic performance than boarding students. Furthermore, exploring the differences between these two groups of junior high school students finds that day students perform better than boarding students in many vital variables.
A Strategic Study on the Effective Communication of Zhaoming Academy Culture from the Perspective of Cultural and Tourism Integration
Authors: Zhang Yiting
Published: June 2023

As China's cultural and tourism industry enters a critical historical period of comprehensive improvement, the role of cultural and tourism in cultural dissemination and integration has attracted social attention. In the context of the continuous deepening of cultural and tourism integration, accelerating the orderly dissemination of culture and promoting the leapfrog development of the cultural and tourism industry is of great significance for enhancing the influence of traditional Chinese culture. Academies are an important base for contemporary people to experience traditional culture and a space for inheriting the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation. Spreading the culture of academies helps to make them an effective space for civilization preservation, cultural innovation, and cultural value dissemination in the new era, enriching people's thinking and culture, inspiring people to think, and achieving spiritual enlightenment. The article takes the integration of culture and tourism as the starting point, taking the iconic representative of Wuzhen culture - Zhaoming Academy as an example, to clarify the historical development and cultural connotations of Zhaoming Academy's inscriptions, explain the era value and advantages of the dissemination of academy's inscriptions, and propose strategies for the effective dissemination of Zhaoming Academy's culture from the perspective of cultural and tourism integration.
Study of Francis Bacon's "Four Illusions" from a Psychological Perspective
Authors: Huang Bei
Published: June 2023

In the development history of modern Western materialism, Francis Bacon is undoubtedly one of the most outstanding philosophers. He devoted all his life to the realization of the "great revival" of science, for which he wrote a masterpiece "The Great Revival" with "New Tools" as the main body, and put forward the "four illusion theory" and scientific induction in "New Tools". Bacon, through the analysis of the collective illusion, caves illusion, market illusion and delusion theater, showed that illusion hindered the people on the correct understanding of things, but the illusion couldn't be eliminated fundamentally. This article starts from the content of the four illusion and its relationship with psychology, from the psychology perspective to discuss the four illusion theory, hoping to promote people’s understanding on things.
Research on the Relationship Between Independent Documentary Films and The Construction of Non-genetic Heritage in The Context of Cultural Memory
Authors: Zhang Ziying , Wang Yijin
Published: June 2023

Documentaries focusing on Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH), henceforth referred to as 'ICH documentaries,' possess an inherent thematic advantage in enhancing cultural memory and shaping national identity. The filmic documentation that characterizes these documentaries plays a crucial role to varying degrees in the imaging, narration, and creative approach of the 'ICH' culture, whose primary objective is preservation and inheritance. Among these, the independent documentary series 'In Search of Craftsmanship,' which records the traditional crafts of 199 Chinese artisans, distinctly exemplifies the characteristics and dynamic interplay between independent documentaries and the construction of ICH continuity.
Research on the Network Consumption Behavior of College Freshmen and its Correction Strategies
Authors: Lu Yuan
Published: June 2023

With the continuous development of the information age, network consumption has become an important part of everyone's life. Freshmen who just enter universities have great enthusiasm for network consumption, and show different characteristics of network consumption and consumption behaviors. However, due to the immature concept of network consumption of college freshmen, home-school education is not timely and social norms are not perfect and other reasons, resulting in the misunderstanding of new network consumption. In this context, it is very necessary and urgent to correct the misunderstanding of the consumption behavior of college freshmen. It is necessary to play a positive role in imparting knowledge, guiding public opinion and establishing correct values, so as to correct and regulate the network consumption behavior of college freshmen.
Rural Public Space Management Based on Comprehensive Land Consolidation
Authors: Shen Yue , Yan Wenyao , Ni Kuangyuan
Published: June 2023

Rural governance is one of the grasping hands in the whole land comprehensive improvement, but in recent years, the rural public space in different degrees are occupied and unused problems highlighting, hindering the efficient use of rural land, unfavorable to the construction of living environment. In order to find out the logical mechanism of land governance in rural public space under the comprehensive land consolidation, the research team went to Pancheng Street, Pukou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China to carry out field research, found the problems and effects of local public space governance, analyzed the causes, and put forward suggestions for promoting the comprehensive land consolidation.
Auxin Induced Rooting in Taxus baccata Linn. Stem Cuttings
Authors: Aslam Mohd , Arshad Syed , Rather Mohd , Salathia H. , Seth C.
Published: June 2023

With the isolation of Taxol, an exciting drug, from Taxus baccata, the species is over exploited all over its distributional range in Kashmir Himalaya and other regions, putting it into the list of rare and endangered species. As the seed raised plants add little growth, propagation by stem cuttings within its original climatic zone was tried by the institute and a considerable success was achieved after making use of the different auxins (IAA, IBA and NAA) in different concentrations. Of the ten treatments studied, IBA at 500 ppm performed best of all the treatments regarding rooting behaviour viz.; callusing percentage, rooting percentage, number of roots and length of roots per cutting. The results achieved through the applications of auxins may possibly be the only practical and viable option for augmenting its natural regeneration and also for the large scale propagation and cultivation. The technique evolved will be most handy and can be applied anywhere in its natural habitat.
Three New Records of Lichen Family Physciaceae from India
Authors: Singh K. , Chandra Subhash
Published: June 2023

3 species viz. Dirinaria confusa D.D. Awasthi, Heterodermia pandurata (Kurok.) J.C. Wei and Heterodermia squamulosa (Degel.) W.L. Culb. Area reported for the first time from India.
Recent Updates on Intelligent System for Talent Management: Does That Become a Helpful System?
Authors: Aditia Putra Hamid  , Rosyid Ridlo Al-Hakim  , Yanuar Zulardiansyah Arief  , ‪Brainvendra Widi Dionova  , Mahmmoud Hussein A. Alrahman
Published: June 2023

The use of information technology in human management today has increased, along with the implementation of intelligent systems that generally use artificial intelligence (AI) in their application. One of the areas of human management that has adopted AI is talent management (TM). TM is crucial for companies to identify, manage, determine, assess, and recommend talent (in this case, it can be employees) for their company's sustainability. The application of family planning in TM is not as extensive as thought, but this study tries to review the latest research that adapts AI to a very complex TM process. The results of this review are at least 11 articles involved in the use of family planning. These 11 articles certainly discuss one or more processes in TM, such as talent identification, talent matching or mapping, and talent recommendations. Some critical studies in the future are that in practice, AI needs to be widely used, especially to handle large-scale data management (data intelligence), in addition to intelligent system methods, and AI can be used for all processes in TM, proven to be accurate, efficient, safe, and fast in practice.
Decline in Separate Incision Autograft for Spine Surgery Over the Past Decade: A Fading “gold standard”
Authors: Rudisill Katelyn E. , Ratnasamy Philip P. , Maloy Gwyneth C. , Grauer Jonathan N.
Published: June 2023

Background:

Spinal fusion is a common procedure for which bone grafting is a critical component. Although iliac crest (separate incision autograft) is typically referred to as the “gold standard” grafting material, it seems to be used less and less frequently.

Methods:

The 2010 to Q3 2020 MSpine PearlDiver data set was used to identify patients receiving separate incision autograft versus local autograft/allograft/graft supplement for spinal fusion. Grafting trends over the decade were determined. Patient age, sex, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, smoking status, insurance plan, region of the country where the surgery was conducted, and surgeon specialty were characterized and compared by the type of bone graft using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results:

Of 373,569 spinal bone grafting procedures, separate incision autografts were used for 32,401 (8.67%). A gradual decline was observed from 2010 (10.57% of spinal grafting procedures) to 2020 (4.69%, P-value < 0.00001). Independent predictors of having had a separate incision autograft in order of decreasing odds included surgeon specialty (relative to neurosurgery, orthopaedic odds ratio [OR], 2.45), smoking status (relative to nonsmokers, smokers OR, 1.45), region of the country (relative to Midwest, Northeast OR, 1.11; West OR, 1.42; and South OR, 1.48), insurance (relative to commercial, Medicare OR, 1.14), younger age (OR, 1.04 per decade increase), and lower Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (OR, 0.95 per two-point increase) (P < 0.0001 for each).

Conclusion:

Iliac crest autograft continues to be referred to as the gold standard grafting material for spine fusions. However, the use of this has faded over the past decade to only 4.69% of spinal fusions in 2020. While some patient factors had an effect on when separate incision autograft was used, nonsurgical factors, including surgeon specialty, geographic region where the surgery was conducted, and insurance factors, suggested that external factors/physician training influence this choice.
Update to Management of Acute Scaphoid Fractures
Authors: Li Neill Y. , Dennison David G. , Shin Alexander Y. , Pulos Nicholas A.
Published: June 2023

The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. With high clinical suspicion and negative radiographs, expedient evaluation by CT or MRI has been recommended. When treating nondisplaced or minimally displaced scaphoid waist and distal pole fractures, immobilization below the elbow without inclusion of the thumb is an option. Comparatively, early surgical intervention for nondisplaced or minimally displaced scaphoid waist fractures allows for quicker return of function, but with increased risk of surgical complications and no long-term outcomes differences compared with cast immobilization. For most patients with such fractures, consideration for aggressive conservative treatment involving 6 weeks of immobilization with CT assessment to guide the need for continued casting, surgical intervention, or mobilization is advocated. Determination of union is best done with a CT scan at 6 weeks and at least 50% continuous trabecular bridging across the fracture site deemed sufficient to begin mobilization. Nonsurgical and surgical management of scaphoid fractures requires a thorough understanding of fracture location, fracture characteristics, and patient-specific factors to provide the best healing opportunity of this notoriously difficult fracture and return the patient to full function.
Measurement of Upper Extremity–Specific Comfort and Capability
Authors: Ibezim Chizitam F. , Reichel Lee M. , Ring David
Published: June 2023

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) quantify symptom intensity and magnitude of capability. Upper extremity PROMs were developed shortly after the advent of general health PROMs. PROMs are still primarily research tools, and their use with individual patients is still evolving. When PROMs were developed, the initial and intuitive expectation was a strong correlation of comfort and capability with pathophysiology severity. In other words, people with greater radiographic arthritis or larger degenerative tendon defects were expected to feel worse and do less. After more than 20 years of research using PROMs, it is clear that mindset and circumstances account for more of the variation in PROMs than pathophysiology severity. Mounting research establishes upper extremity PROMs and PROMs in general as useful tools for anchoring and developing comprehensive, biopsychosocial approaches to care.
Parametric Effects on the Coefficient of Friction of a Novel Composite Material for Automobile Brake Linning
Authors: U. Iyida Benedict , M. Nwankwo Azubuike , O. Onah Thomas
Published: June 2023

Brake lining, a friction lining material has over the years been produced mainly from asbestos. Asbestos health hazards have necessitated the need to source friction lining materials from other safer directions. A novel composite from local materials was developed. The brake lining production was a dispersion hardening process by the techniques of powder metallurgy of finely divided particles of the raw material powder mix. The raw materials included sawdust, resin, rubber latex, clay, carbon black, brass chips, zinc oxide and sulphur. The friction lining material thus produced, with its friction coefficient was analysed relative to its responses to increasing temperatures and pressures. The environment of increasing temperatures and pressures is its operating condition, in situ. Temperature range studied was from 300C-3000C, while pressure range was from 50KPa-250KPa. Results of the analysis showed the fiction coefficient not adversely affected, with minimum value at 0.31 and maximum value at 0.56.
Major nutrological approaches to macronutrients in the performance and body composition of highly trained athletes: a systematic review
Authors: Castanho Rosângela da Silva
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Findings around nutrient timing require appropriate context because factors such as age, gender, fitness level, previous fueling status, diet status, training volume, training intensity, program design, and time before upcoming training or competition can influence the extent to which timing can play a role in the adaptive response to exercise. Thus, nutrient timing is a feeding strategy that in almost all situations can be useful for promoting recovery and training adaptations. Objective: A systematic review was carried out to elucidate the importance of macronutrient consumption by highly trained athletes on performance and body composition. Methods: The present study followed a systematic review model (PRISMA). The search strategy was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, using scientific articles from 2009 to 2021. The low quality of evidence was attributed to case reports, editorials, and brief communications, according to the GRADE instrument. The risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: After the study eligibility process, a total of 42 scientifically favorable articles were found to compose the systematic review. Biases did not compromise the scientific basis of the studies. The amount depends on the mode and intensity of exercise, the quality of protein ingested, and the individual's energy and carbohydrate status. However, it should be noted that there is preliminary evidence that consuming much higher amounts of protein (>3 g/kg/d) may confer a benefit concerning body composition. Concerns that protein intake within this range is unhealthy are unfounded in healthy, exercising individuals. One should try to consume whole foods that contain high-quality protein sources. Timing of protein intake in the period spanning the exercise session can provide several benefits, including improved recovery and greater gains in lean body mass. Essential amino acids and leucine supplements are beneficial for the exercising individual by increasing muscle protein synthesis rates, decreasing muscle protein breakdown, and possibly aiding exercise recovery.
Zafer Toprak’ın Ardından
Authors: HASTAŞ Mehmet T.
Published: June 2023

2000 Yılında Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Güney Kampüsünde Zafer Hoca ile karşılaşmış, yanından geçerken usulca başımla selam vermiştim. Hoca buna karşılık olarak bana “Karar verdin mi?” sorusunu yöneltmişti. Beni hatırlamasına gerçekten çok şaşırmıştım. Kendisiyle Ahmet Samim gibi muhalif bir şahsiyet üzerine tez yapma fırsatı vermiş olması benim için, onun “akademik merakının” bir göstergesiydi. Bu ise benim ondan öğrendiklerimin başında gelmekteydi. Bu akademik merak sayesinde resmî hoca/öğrenci ilişkimizin sonlandığı 2004 Temmuzundan, onu son kez gördüğüm 22 Şubat 2023 tarihine kadar ilgisini çekebileceğini düşündüğüm kitap ve Efemera’yı ona taşımaktan onur duydum
2-3% fetal calf serum in cell media is sufficient for the development and growth of human mononuclear cell cultures
Authors: Bhatia Sudhir
Published: June 2023

Aim: It is a common practice that 10-20% fetal calf serum (FCS) is being used in the cell culture media for the development and maintenance of human mononuclear cells as well as other cell cultures. FCS is produced through a painful process involving animals and is one of the major cost factors. The reduction in the volume of FCS can make it less unethical and reduce the costs strongly.
Materials and Methods: Therefore 2-3 % FCS and 10% FCS were used in the development of different mononuclear cell cultures for making comparisons and different parameters like morphology, production of antibodies, isolation of DNA/RNA with mini-column and magnetic beads cell isolations along with the presence of human internal controls with real-time PCR were tested.
Results: It was found that there was no difference between 2-3 % FCS and 10 % FCS containing media in the above-said parameters. More than a hundred such cell cultures were developed and many of them were maintained for more than 3 years.
Conclusion: 2-3 % FCS is sufficient for the development and maintenance of human mononuclear cell cultures over a long period of time.
Blackwater fever following artemether-lumefantrine administration in children in a malaria holoendemic region: A case series
Authors: Onyeabo Chukwunonyerem , Onu Ngozi , Iheji Chukwunonso , Nwokoye Nneka , Ndu Ikenna
Published: June 2023

Aim: Blackwater fever is one of the severe forms of malaria that is infrequently reported. The association of blackwater fever with quinine is supported by its disappearance following the replacement of quinine with chloroquine. However, there seems to be a resurgence with recently introduced artemisinin-based antimalarials.
Case Presentation: This is a case series of four males aged 3 – 11 years who presented to our facility with features of intravascular hemolysis following the intake of appropriate doses of Artemether/Lumefantrine for malaria treatment. Two of the cases were transfused, and one had two sessions of hemodialysis, however, all recovered fully and remained stable during follow-up visits.
Conclusion: These cases underscore the need for a high index of suspicion for early detection of blackwater fever while using Artemether/Lumefantrine and the need for more post-market surveillance of the drug.
Investigation of ochratoxin A (OTA) in bakers' urine samples in Istanbul by immunoaffinity column clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Buyuker Sultan
Published: June 2023

Aim: Ochratoxin A (OTA), is the most toxic mycotoxin in the ochratoxins produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus species. It is known that this mycotoxin has carcinogenic, nephrotoxic, teratogenic, and immunotoxic effects. The aim of our study is the inhalation exposure of bakery workers to ochratoxin A, which can be found in flour.
Materials and Methods: In this study, OTA occurrence and level in urine samples collected from bakers in Istanbul were analyzed by NaHCO₃ dilution, IAC (Immunoaffinity Column) clean-up, and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescent detection. Creatinine and malondialdehyde levels were measured spectrophotometrically in collected urine samples. Also, 8-hydroxy 2-deoxyguanosine which is a biomarker of DNA damage was tested by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay).
Results: As a result of our study, the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method were measured as 0.06 ngmLˉ¹ and 0.2 ngmLˉ,¹ respectively. Of the total collected urine samples 185, 4.9% were contaminated with OTA. Also, the statistically significant difference between OTA levels has not been determined in urine samples of bakers working at the production department and the bakers working at the other departments of the bakery (p>0.05). In order to define the exposure profile of OTA in bakers a questionnaire was conducted among the volunteers as well. But after the evaluation of the answers related to gender, age, dietary habits, coffee consumption, smoking, and alcohol consumption, no correlation was found with the OTA exposure (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In the present study although OTA presence was not statistically significant, OTA detection in the urine of bakers’ indicates the necessity of regular follow-up for these workers.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BAD OUTCOME IN CONSERVATIVE THERAPY OF LATERAL EPICONDYLITIS
Authors: RGAN U , UN Yener , ZYILDIRAN Mustafa , L Mehmet
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Lateral epicondylitis is an overuse syndrome that is one of the most common causes of elbow pain. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with bad outcome in conservative treatment of lateral epicondylitis in our population.
Methods:
Patients who applied to our outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis between August 2020 and August 2021; analyzed retrospectively. 52 patients who were treated conservatively and followed up for at least 12 months were included in the study. Elbow functionality and pain were evaluated with the “Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation” (PRTEE) scoring. Occupation of the patients, antidepressant usage, body mass index(BMI), age and smoking were questioned.
Results:
7 (13.4%) patients stated that they fully benefited from conservative treatment. 29 patients (55.8%) expressed that they benefited from the treatment, but their complaints continued at low severity. 16 patients (30.8%) said that they did not benefit from the applied conservative treatment. While the mean PRTEE value was 46.57 in women, it was 32.34 in men. It was observed that female gender negatively affected clinical scores (p=0.004). Mean PRTEE score was 48.31 in physically active manual workers and 31.61 in desk workers (p=0.006). While the mean PRTEE value was 52.81 in patients using antidepressants, this value was 35.6 in patients not using antidepressants (p=0.037). No correlation was found between BMI and PRTEE scores by using Spearman correlation test.
Conclusions:
Female gender, being a manual worker and using antidepressant medication are associated with poor outcomes in the conservative treatment of lateral epicondylitis.
Profitability of Selected Winter Vegetables and Its Market Outlet for Commercial Farmers: Evidence from Mymensingh District
Authors: Shahriar S , Moniruzzaman Md , Palash Md
Published: June 2023

This study has attempted to examine the profitability of commercially grown cauliflower and cabbage and its market outlet. The study is based on primary data collected in January 2021 from vegetables producers through face-to-face interview method using structured interview schedule. In total 80 commercial farmers (i.e., 40 farmers from each vegetable) were selected purposively from Sadar upazila of Mymensingh district. Tabular and descriptive analyses were used to determine the cost and returns of vegetables cultivation by commercial farmers. Least significant difference (LSD) of multiple comparisons of mean was applied to determine profitable market outlets for cauliflower and cabbage. The study found that both cauliflower and cabbage cultivation were profitable. The per hectare gross costs of cauliflower and cabbage production and marketing by farmers were Tk. 1,93,535 and Tk. 1,95,864, respectively and the corresponding net returns were Tk. 90,329 and Tk. 90,981. Three different market outlets (farm gate, local market, and district market) were found where farmers sold their cauliflower and cabbage. Farmers who sold their cauliflower and cabbage from district market outlet gained maximum net returns, which were Tk.1,31,093 and Tk. 1,07,221, respectively. The results of LSD test established that among the three market outlets, the mean net return earned by selling cauliflower and cabbage to district market is higher than the mean net return earned by selling to farm gate market. Therefore, district market outlet is significantly more profitable outlet for both cauliflower and cabbage. However, most of the farmers chose farm gate market for selling their cabbage and cauliflower because they feel comfortable to sell their vegetables from farm gate area.
Peat soil based organo-mineral nitrogen fertilizer performed better than urea in improving nutritional quality of baby corn
Authors: Uddin Md , Nahian Sumya , Habiba Ummya , Yeasmin Sanjida , Saha Biplob
Published: June 2023

Organo-mineral fertilizers (OMF) are becoming popular because of their potential to increase crop quality and yield. A pot experiment was carried out in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh to observe the effect of newly formulated peat soil urea (PSU) on the nutritional quality of baby corn in comparison to commercial urea. The experiment was laid out following a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 replicates. In this trial, three sources of nitrogen (N) (urea, PSU-L, and PSU-H) were used to apply N at rates of 50, 75, and 100% of the suggested N application dose. Soil application of PSU fertilizer showed a significant influence on the nutritional parameters of baby corn. A slightly higher chlorophyll a and b were found in PSU treated plants than in commercial urea. The highest cob and fodder N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, and Zn content were found in baby corn that received PSU treatment than commercial urea treatment. The application of PSU in soil showed about 23, 15 and 21% higher N, P, and Zn uptake by baby corn, respectively than commercial urea. Again, N uptake showed a strong correlation with the uptake of other nutrients. In light of the overall findings PSU could be used as N source for the production of high-quality baby corn.
Does altered thyroid hormone status affect resting systolic blood pressure significantly in premenopausal women? - A cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Kayande Santosh , Zingade Urjita , Munde Sheetal , Khare Anupam
Published: June 2023

Background: Hypothyroid or hyperthyroid state affects all the physiological systems including cardiovascular system, central nervous system, digestive system, and blood. Among all adverse changes, systolic blood pressure (SBP) can also be affected in patients with thyroid disorders.

Aims and Objectives: The present study was carried out to compare SBP in newly diagnosed patients of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and age and gender matched euthyroid subjects and to assess correlation between Tri-iodothyronine (T3) level and resting SBP.

Materials and Methods: The present study was carried out in 90 female subjects in the age group of 30 to 45 years. Diagnosis of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism was based on both clinical and biochemical criteria. Subjects were divided in euthyroid, hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups with each group containing 30 subjects. Resting SBP was measured in all the groups.

Results: Hyperthyroid group had significantly higher SBP as compared to euthyroid group and hypothyroid group. The difference in SBP between euthyroid and hypothyroid group was statistically non-significant. There was a significant correlation between Total T3 level and resting SBP.

Conclusion: Elevated levels of thyroid hormone increases the cardiac output by increasing heart rate and increasing force of contraction. This elevated cardiac output in hyperthyroid subject is reflected as increase in resting SBP. Hence, thyroid hormone concentration should be kept within normal limits by appropriate therapeutic measures so as to prevent ill effects of resultant elevated SBP.
An epidemiological study on junk food consumption and nutritional status among adolescents attending Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata
Authors: Manna Nirmalya , Banerjee Shibasish , Panchanan Pratiti , Mazumdar Sayantan
Published: June 2023

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the pattern of junk food consumption. Junk food is defined as readily available, frequently affordable, and lacking in nutritional value.

Aims and Objectives: This study is aimed to investigate the pattern of junk food eating and its consequences on the nutritional status of the adolescents.

Materials and Methods: This is an institution-based cross-sectional study which was conducted at adolescent clinic from September to November 2022. Data were collected from 178 adolescent a pre-designed, pre-tested semistructured face and content validated data collection form was used for face-to-face interview. Data were coded and entered in MS Excel software and analyzed by Statistical Packages for Social Science. As all participants were adolescent, body mass index (BMI) was calculated the World Health Organization (WHO) Z score for 5–19 years age chart (both male and female). BMI was calculated and put WHO BMI for age chart and Z score was calculated. Descriptive statistics were used and Chi-square test was used for association and P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results: 82.02% had consumed junk food in last 7 days and 10.96% had taken junk food >3 times in last week. Almost 49.32% of study participants consumed junk food with their family (47.95%) and at home (39.3%). 22.47% adolescents were in overweight category. Female participants, adolescents from nuclear family, and consumption of junk food had significant relationship with nutritional status (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: There is an association of overweight and obesity with junk food consumption. More awareness required about the ill effects of junk food on health.
THE POSSIBILITY OF USING RICE FLOUR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL MEAT PRODUCTS
Authors: Tumenova G. T. , Myktabayeva M. S.
Published: June 2023

One of the ways to improve the quality of products and improve the nutrition structure of the population is the introduction of new non-traditional types of plant raw materials into the diet. The created products must contain a balanced complex of proteins, lipids, minerals, vitamins, ballast substances and have high nutritional and taste properties. In Kazakhstan, the possibility of using grain crops as part of meat products is becoming particularly relevant due to their high nutritional value and specific functional and technological properties (FTP).

One of the most popular in the world and the second crop in terms of grain production is rice. Rice grains have high FCS and are a dietary product: the protein and fat content in them is much lower than in wheat, rye, buckwheat, corn or soy. Rice protein has a good balance of amino acid composition. Rice grain contains high-grade protein and has a high ability to swell. Rice flour also has a neutral taste, and there is also no fat (unlike soy flour and soy isolate), which allows meat products to retain their characteristic taste after heat treatment. A distinctive feature of rice flour is that it refers to starch-containing (about 80%) raw materials that lack gluten. In this article, its chemical composition and functional and technological properties were studied, the results of the study of samples with different rice flour content were shown. Conclusions on the research work are made.
AUTOMATION OF NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF PROBABILISTIC VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Tanirbergenova A. A. , Berikbaeva M. A.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the stages of solving the problems of determining the probabilistic characteristics of stresses in technical objects with random parameters having random effects. Each of the obtained results is considered as an implementation of the random parameter under consideration (output value). Further, by methods of mathematical statistics, a probabilistic description of the parameter under study is obtained. The most complete description is the definition of the distribution law. The possibilities of automating the tasks of each stage of the solution are considered. For this purpose, it is recommended to use standard software packages Matlab, ANSYS, as well as a special regression analysis program ANETR. The description of routines, algorithms is given, commands for calculating probabilities using the ANSYS computer in interactive mode are shown.
CONTRIBUTION OF ACADEMICIAN M.K. KOZYBAYEV TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL HISTORICAL SCIENCE
Authors: Yusup A. , Zhumatai S.
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the scientific and creative work of academician, scientist-activist Kozybaev Manash Kabashevich, who worked on the formation of national historical science and the creation of a new direction. 1948- 2002. a scientist who worked in the field of historical science. his research was devoted to the study of many new topics. Starting from the history of the national liberation uprisings of the twentieth century, the problem of hunger, collectivization and Aktau was written from a new point of view and was highly appreciated in scientific circles. The study of the researcher's contribution to the development of historical science is based on the principles of objectivity and expertise. In addition, methods of generalization, systematization and textual analysis were used. From the creative heritage of M. Kozybayev, we can judge the political processes of that period, differentiating his works on issues of independence, the nation. The relevance of the article lies in the nature of the disclosure of historiographical analysis and the significance of the research direction.