bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of Radiotherapy Services in Zambia: Challenges, Opportunities and Way Forward
Authors: Ernest Chanda , Mwila Ireen , Bwanga Osward
Published: April 2024

Cancer significantly contributes to the cause of morbidity and mortality in Zambia 71% of people diagnosed with cancer in Zambia die from the disease; however, access to radiotherapy (RT) services is lacking. More than 50% of cancer patients will require radiotherapy for curative or palliative intent. The country first established RT services in 2006. Prior to that only a few Zambians accessed this specialised treatment abroad, mainly due to the high costs. After a successful run of service for over a decade, in 2022 the country suffered total disruption of RT services due to obsolete equipment that has been earmarked for decommissioning. The country is now in the process of re-establishing the RT services to make them sustainable. This article aims at reviewing how the RT services (RT equipment and personnel) have been managed, the opportunities that exist (demand for RT services, availability of training institutions, support from the government and cooperating partners) and lastly the challenges (equipment shortages and operation, lack of medical physicists and biomedical engineers, financial constraints, procurement and maintenance delays). The insights offered by this work will elicit a data based decision making approach to meticulous RT service provision.
Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Tayyab Mashal , Kashif Iqbal  , Awaid Abid
Published: April 2024

Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), also known as Chriswick Schepens Syndrome is an inherited condition characterized by failure of vascularization of retinal periphery. This results in variable clinical manifestations such as telangiectasia, hemorrhage, exudation, retinal traction and detachment. Presented herein is a case of a14 year old female who exhibits decrease of vision in right eye since 6 months. Examination shows dragging of disc with tractional band at macula and telangiectatic vessels in temporal retinal periphery. Based on detailed history, clinical examination and investigations, a diagnosis of FEVR is made.
Enhancing the Technique of Eye Drop Administration through Evaluation and Education: A Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Saif Marwa , Shabbeer Fatima , Ilyas Hareem , Saif Safa , Imtiaz Usman
Published: April 2024

Purpose:  To evaluate the eye-drop administration technique and see the effect of education in improving the eye drop delivery method.
Study Design:  Interventional case series.
Place and Duration of Study:  Central Park Teaching Hospital Lahore from May-2022 to September-2022
Methods:  This study includes 341 patients who had been self-administering eye drops as a treatment for glaucomaor any other disorder. The patients were asked to instill the drop by using a 5ml Systane bottle, as they should do at home. Two observers assessed the technique. Patients were educated about the techniques and they were re-assessed in the form of a post-test. They were evaluated by the same observers again. Data was analyzed suing Fisher’s Exact test.
Results:  A significant improvement was observed in several parameters, including the mean time (in seconds) taken to instill the first drop, the number of drops squeezed, the number of drops reaching the conjunctival sac at the first attempt, hand washing, shaking the bottle before instillation, tilting the head backwards during drop instillation, and the occurrence of drops falling on the cheek (p ≤ 0.05). Conversely, statistically insignificant improvements were noted in parameters such as touching the tip of the dropper and closing the eye for a minute.
Conclusion:  The findings underscore the importance of enhancing patient education regarding the correct technique for drop instillation.
Strabismus Measurements Using the Alternating and Simultaneous Prism Cover Tests
Authors: Azam Shua
Published: April 2024

Purpose:  Tocomparetheangleofdeviationbyperformingsimultaneousprismcover test (SPCT) and alternate prism cover test (APCT) at near (33cm) and far (6m).
Study Design:  Cross-sectional observational.
Place and Duration of Study:  Al-Ibrahim Eye Hospital, Karachi from July 2021 to December 2021.
Methods:  This study enrolled 32 participants diagnosed with constant esotropia, aged between 5 and 25 years, comprising 14 males and 18 females. Comprehensive ocular examinations for strabismus were performed, including simultaneous prism cover tests at both distance and near fixation, conducted with and without corrective glasses. Subsequently, an alternate prism cover test was administered at each fixation point, again both with and without glasses. Binocular single vision was evaluated using the Worth Four Dot test and the 10Δ test. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20.0.
Results:  At distance fixation, the mean deviation angle measured by the simultaneous and alternate prism cover tests exhibited a significant difference of 9.78Δ (p=<.001). Similarly, at near fixation, the mean deviation angle between the simultaneous and alternate prism cover tests showed a significant difference of 10Δ (p=<.001).
Conclusion:  This study demonstrates a notable and statistically significant variance in the measured angle of deviation when employing different testing methodologies (SPCT and APCT).
Comparison of Nd: YAG Laser Iridotomy Alone Versus Sequential Argon-Nd: YAG Laser Iridotomy in Patients with Primary Angle Closure Spectrum
Authors: Khan Paras , Khan Rizwan , Attia Ahmad  , Farah Huma  , Fatima Zafar
Published: April 2024

Purpose:  To compare the mean Nd: YAG energy used and mean decrease in IOP 3-hours post-laser, in Nd: YAG Laser iridotomyalone versus sequential Argon-Nd:YAGiridotomy in patients with primary angle closure spectrum.
Study Design:  Quasi experimental Study.
Place and Duration of Study:  Department of Ophthalmology, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad from March 2022 to August 2022.
Methods:  After taking approval from Ethical review board, 70 patients with angle closure spectrumwere included in the study. Out of 70, 25 patients were primary angle closure suspect (PACS), 28 had primary angle closure (PAC) and 17 patients had primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). We sorted patients into Group A (those who underwent sequential Argon-Nd: YAG Laser peripheral iridotomy) and Group B (those who underwent Nd: YAG laser alone). Mean Nd: YAG energy used was noted in each group and compared using SPSS version 25.0. Mean decrease in IOP 3-hours post-laser was also noted and compared.
Results:  Mean decrease in IOP 3 hours post-laser was 5.46 ± 3.70 mmHg for sequential Argon-Nd: YAG LPI versus 3.46 ± 2.38 mmHg for Nd: YAG LPI alone (p-value = 0.009). Mean Nd: YAG energy used in sequential Argon-Nd: YAG LPI group was significantly lesser when compared to Nd: YAG LPI alone group (32.70 ± 38.87 versus 139.37 ± 62.32 mJ) which was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.0001).
Conclusion:  Sequential Argon-Nd-YAG laser iridotomy uses significantly less Nd:YAG energy than conventional Nd:YAG only method with better IOP control.
Supratarsal Injection of Bevacizumab in the Treatment of Vernal Kerato Conjunctivitis
Authors: Kamil Zeeshan , Ahmed Fatima , Naz Saliha , Muhammad Tanweer Hassan Khan
Published: April 2024

Purpose:  To evaluate the effectiveness of supratarsal injection of Bevacizumab in the treatment of Vernal Kerato-conjunctivitis (VKC).
Study Design:  Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study:  LRBT Karachi from September 2022 to September 2023.
Methods:  This study included 110 eyes of 60 patients with VKC and divided into two groups by convenient sampling. In one group (n=30) 0.1ml of Bevacizumab 2.5%was injected in supratarsal space with 27-gauge needle under topical anaesthesia. Other group (n=30) received conventional treatment. The sign and symptoms were checked at one week and at one month in all patients. The qualitative variables were presented as frequency and percentage while quantitative variables were shown as mean ± standard deviation. Chi square test was applied for comparison.
Results:  Mean age of the patients was 12.4 +1.9 years. There were 46 (76.0%) males. Itching and photophobia was not seen in 50% of the patients treated with Bevacizumab while this percentage was 13.3% and 10% respectively in case of conventional treatment. Similarly, redness, discharge and limbal papillae were not seen in 70%, 73.3% and 83.3% respectively after Bevacizumab application. While it was 16.6%, 30% and 10% respectively after conventional treatment. Significant improvement in itching, photophobia, redness, discharge and limbal papilla was observed in the group of patients who received supratarsal Bevacizumab injection as compared to those who received conventional treatment (p<0.05).
Conclusion:  Bevacizumab is a safe and effective treatment in patients of VKC refractory to conventional treatment.
Effectiveness of Intracameral Tissue Plasminogen (r-tPA) Activator in Resolution of Fibrinous Reaction in Refractory Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome (TASS)
Authors: Bilal Khan  , Ahmad Adnan , Rasul Javed
Published: April 2024

Purpose:  To evaluate the effectiveness of tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) in resistant toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) after Phacoemulsification.
Study Design:  Quasi experimental.
Place and Duration of Study:  Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from August 2021 to August 2023.
Methods:  Forty-six patients (46 eyes) with an anterior chamber fibrin reaction after cataract surgery were treated with intra-cameral injection of t-PA (30µg/0.1cc) following failure to respond to conventional treatment with intensive topical and subconjunctival steroids. Outcome measures were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), clearance/recurrence of the fibrin reaction and complications.
Results:  Intra-cameral t-PA was injected2 to 6 weeks post Phacoemulsification in TASS cases. Mean post-operative injection time was 18.5± 10.2 days. After 1st day post injection, we observed total abolition of fibrinous exudate in 36(78.2%) cases and subtotal resolution in 10 (21.7%) cases. After 6 weeks the TASS was completely settled in 43(93.4%)cases. Mean BCVA improved from 0.59 ± 0.40 log MAR pre-injection to 0.38 ± 0.40 log MAR at 6th week post-injection (p=0.07). There was no statistically significant difference in BCVA and rate of fibrinolysis between the two groups after post r-tPA injections. Intra-cameral r-tPA was not associated with adverse effects like raised IOP or endophthalmitis.
Conclusion:  Intra-cameral t-PA injection (30µg/0.1cc)appears to be a safe and effective treatment option for resolving anterior chamber fibrin reaction refractory to conventional steroid therapy following cataract surgery.
Revolutionizing Ophthalmology: The Empowering Role of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zahid Kamal Siddiqui  , Muhammad Moin  , Hafiza Sadia Imtiaz
Published: April 2024

Artificial Intelligence holds immense importance in today's world and has the potential to alter our future in various domains. The importance of AI lies in its ability to automate tasks, enhance decision-making, personalize experiences, solve complex problems, and drive innovation. Choosing not to adopt AI may result in inefficiency, missed opportunities, limited innovation, reduced insights, and higher operational costs. It won’t be long before the lives of those who benefit from AI and those who don't will diverge significantly. According to Stephen Hawking.
An Evaluation of Antibiotic Prescribing Practices Among Dentists in Turkey for the Management of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases
Authors: Erimli Gözde , Kılıç Duygu
Published: April 2024

Objective: The utilization of antibiotics alongside surgical and nonsurgical mechanical interventions for the management of periodontal and peri-implant diseases lacks standardization. Hence, this study aims to investigate the antibiotic prescribing practices among dentists in Turkey to elucidate the rationale and timing behind systemic antibiotic usage in the treatment of these ailments.
Materials and Methods: Between May 2021 and October 2022, 312 dentists across Turkey were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey. A chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables according to groups. G-power analysis was used to determine the sample size before the study.
Results: The frequency of antibiotic prescriptions during the initial management of periodontitis, peri-implant mucositis, and gingivitis was observed to be lower compared to other procedures. As treatments progressed from nonsurgical to surgical interventions, there was a concurrent rise in the frequency of antibiotic prescriptions. Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid emerged as the most frequently prescribed antibiotic, with the primary reasons for prescription being the mitigation of infection risk and adherence to established literature guidelines.
Conclusions: A discernible upward trend in antibiotic prescription is evident as treatment transitions from nonsurgical to more complex surgical modalities. The findings of our survey offer valuable insights for dentists in selecting appropriate antibiotics for the management of periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
ORIENTAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL:
Authors: TEODORO VANESSA , Mello Dante Alighieri Alves de
Published: April 2024

RESUMO: Constam neste artigo os resultados preliminares de uma oficina de orientação profissional em formato online para jovens concluintes de curso técnico integrado ao ensino médio. Sob a base teórica sociohistórica de Vigotski, desenvolveram-se quatro módulos na plataforma Moodle que foram apresentados aos quinze inscritos de um Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia, em outubro de 2020. As análises pautadas na metodologia microgenética focaram-se nos registros das participações nos fóruns, questionários e elaboração de nuvens de palavras. A proposta foi efetiva em seus objetivos, pois ao final, os discursos apresentaram indícios da internalização de conceitos trabalhados na oficina, indicando a expansão de suas consciências quanto ao tema proposto.
The Role of Training on New Media Technology in Boosting Arab Investigative Journalists’ professionalism
Authors:   1 Department of Media and Communication Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University Malaya, Lingkungan Budi, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Almabrouk Khalil , Adnan Hamedi ,   Department of Media and Communication Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University Malaya, Lingkungan Budi, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: April 2024

The rapid development in the field of digital world has affected many disciplines. Media industry is one of the most affected fields. Hence, journalists need to cope with the ongoing technological evolution and its latest updates. Investigative journalists need to pay attention to this even more than their colleagues in the field. Investigative journalism has in general been remarkably growing in recent years; yet, it still faces significant challenges in the Arab world in terms of the right to access information and the use of open sources. This study focuses on Arab investigative journalism and particularly studies the importance of training on using digital technology and its effects on professionality and high-quality investigative journalistic production. From this standpoint, this study aims to explore the impact of training on new media techniques on Arab journalists' professionalism. To achieve this goal, this study followed a qualitative methodology through in-depth interviews with twelve Arab journalists who are practitioners and interested in investigative journalism. This study concluded important results about the positive effects of training on new media technology: Gaining more theoretical knowledge and practical skills to apply the acquired knowledge. This would enhance the efficiency of journalists and improve the quality of their work and their competitiveness in the journalistic work sector.
A DETAILED REVIEW OF 1000 CASES OF VERTIGO
Authors: Maheshwari Sumit
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION
Vertigo is a sensorimotor and multisensory
s y n d r o m e w i t h v a r i o u s e t i o l o g i e s a n d
pathogenesis, it is not a separate disease
process. Early differential diagnosis between
peripheral and central vertigo is of prime
importance. Pharmacotherapy, rehabilitation, and
surgical treatment are the main methods of
treatment for vertigo.
In the acute phase of attacks, pharmacotherapy is
the treatment of choice for vertigo. One of the
m o s t i m p o r t a n t m e t h o d s o f v e s t i b u l a r
compensation support, required in vertigo
treatment after the resolution of acute symptoms
is rehabilitation. In patients where there is no
improvement after pharmacotherapy, and in
cervical, and vascular spine lesions and tumors,
surgery may be required. Some patients with
vertigo may require multidisciplinary cooperation
for successful outcomes.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
1000 patients who presented with complaints of
dizziness or vertigo from 2014 to 2019 in our
Mehrotra ENT Hospital, Kanpur, India were taken
for study. After proper history and examination,
the patients were subjected to vestibular tests. A
proper diagnosis was made after consultation
with our neuro equilibrium department and the
appropriate maneuver was done. Surgery was
performed wherever required.
RESULTS
564 were females and 436 were males.
Peripheral causes of dizzinessaccount for the
majority of dizziness cases with migraine forming
the bulk of central cases. Out of 1000 cases, BPPV
forms the most number of cases of vertigo
accounting for 38.8% of all cases, followed by
migraine (21.8%) and Meniere's disease
accounting for 13% of all cases. 89.8% of cases
were managed conservatively either through
maneuvers, medications, and exercises. Rest
9.2% of cases were managed surgically. 0.4%
were referred to neuro consultants. Appropriate
diagnosis with suitable required maneuvers was
key to proper management.
CONCLUSION
Close multidisciplinary cooperation is essential in
dizziness. A well-established neuro equilibrium
centre was key to our proper management of
vertigo/ dizziness cases.
Keywords: vestibular disorder,vertigo, dizziness,
Meniere's disease, migraine.
COCHLEAR IMPLANT IN A CASE OF PENDRED
SYNDROME- BILATER AL SENSORINEURAL HEARING
LOSS WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM AND GOITRE
Authors: Gupta Neha
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION
The clinical symptom of severe SNHL or deafness
in children has a genetic background in about
65%of the cases, with 85% of them in a nonsyndromic
appearance. Concerning the
pathogenesis of hearing loss in patients with
proven EVA, EVA seems not to be the causative
factor for the hearing loss, but more of an
accompanying morphological result of an altered
fluid balance in the inner ear during embryo -
logical development, due to malfunction of
Pcndrin
AIMS & OBJECTIVES
We present a child of Indian origin with Pendred
syndrome who underwent cochlear implant at
Mehrotra ENT hospital, Kanpur, India. Patients
with Pendred syndrome represent challenging
cochlear implant candidate, combining goiter,
severe-to-profound hearing loss, and inner-ear
dysplasias.
METHODOLOGY
Cochlear implantation is the proper method for
optimal hearingrehabilitation in patients with
Pendred syndrome. The genetic background is a
mutation of theSLC26A4gene, coding for a transmembrane
protein with anion transport function,
called Pendrin [3,4,5]. Child was implantedand
rehabilitated at our centre.
CONCLUSION
Outcomes in terms of hearing, speech and quality
of life is comparable to cases within on syndromic
hearing loss.
KEYWORDS: - Pendred syndrome, Pendrin,
Hypothoidism, Goiter
EXPERIENCE OF TELETHERAPY IN COCHLEAR IMPLANT PATIENTS IN CORONA PANDEMIC
Authors: Gupta Neha
Published: April 2024

Speechand auditory rehabilitation is a major step for successful implant surgery outcome. We, a MehrotraENThospital, recommend 2 years of rehabilitation for all implanted children. However, during difficult times in corona pandemic with various implementations of lockdown and restrictions, the implantedchildren and their parents face major problems for their availability at the centrefor rehabilitation. To overcome this handicap during corona pandemic, we introduced teletherapy at Mehrotra hospital for unhindered successful rehabilitation for our implanted children.Teletherapy, a means of delivering services from a distance- usually through some form of distance technology, not only helped our cause for rehabilitation, but also minimized the risks for contracting Covid. Sharing the experience of teletherapy at our centre, the challenges we overcame and the difficulties faced.
PRECISION MEDICINE IN ACTION: EXPLORING TRANSORAL ROBOTIC SURGERY FOR RECURRENT VALLECULAR CYSTS
Authors: MS Vishak
Published: April 2024

Vallecular cysts, comprising approximately 5% of benign laryngeal lesions, often necessitate surgical intervention due to their recurrent nature. While traditional transoral surgery has been a common approach, recent advancements in robotic surgery techniques offer a promising alternative. This case report investigates the utility of transoral robotic surgery for recurrent vallecular cysts.
A 16-year-old female presented with dysphagia, breathlessness, and disturbed sleep due to a recurrent vallecular cyst. After two previous transoral surgeries, she underwent transoral robotic surgery using the Da Vinci Xi Robot surgical system. This approach presents advantages like reduced complications and enhanced outcomes, highlighting the potential of precision medicine in managing recurrent vallecular cysts.
Tourism Industry of the Republic of Crimea: Actual Problems and Development Prospects
Authors:   Crimean University of Culture, Arts and Tourism, Ibragimov Ernest E. , Verna Veronika V. ,   Crimean University of Culture, Arts and Tourism,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Sevastopol branch, Skaranik Stanislava S.
Published: April 2024

Tourism sector is one of the specialization branches of the Crimean economy. Its development is of national importance. It determines the regional profile of the Republic of Crimea, and it is closely connected with other important areas of economic activity in the region – trade, catering, transport, agriculture, construction, and etc. Currently, the effectiveness of tourism development in the Crimea is the most important strategic priority of socio-economic development of the region. Tourism sector is one of the main sources of regional budget revenue formation. It promotes the population employment and improves the life quality. The research is devoted to the identification of the current problems and prospects for tourism development in the Republic of Crimea. The article used methods of analyzing the indicators dynamics of tourism industry of the Crimea, methods of generalizing forecast data regarding the development opportunities of tourism industry of the region and integrated approach to the analysis of current problems of tourism sector. As a part of the study, SWOT analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Crimea was carried out. Based on the analysis of the state program documents, it is concluded that the identified problems of the development of tourism industry in Crimea require implementation of a set of measures, most of which involve active state participation and financial support.
The Role of Marketing Technologies in the Development of Russian’s Rural Tourism
Authors:   Stavropol State Agrarian University, Elfimova Yulia M.
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes use of marketing technologies for development of rural and agricultural tourism in Russia. Over the past three years, the level of interest among compatriots in recreation within our country has increased due to the unstable economic and geopolitical situation. According to experts, rural tourism is one of the most promising areas. The richness of the resources of «Russian hinterland» allows combining several types of recreation at a time, which is an important factor that can satisfy the tastes of even the most demanding tourists. Proceeds of this type of activity allows supporting not only small businesses, but also the economy of the whole region. That is why the state develops and introduced new laws, programs and other measures of support. However, there is a number of negative factors hindering the development of this industry, such as the low level of tourism infrastructure, staff incompetence, lack of investment, drawbacks in marketing policy, and etc. At present t creation of positive image of rural tourism in the minds of the consumer is the main task for its development in Russia. To achieve this goal, specialists use various kinds of tools including marketing technologies. The use of this kind of mechanisms will promote not only popularization of this recreation type, but also the solution of other problems hindering the development of tourism industry.
Development of Financial Management in the Field of Reproduction of Agro-Industrial Sector Investment Activity
Authors:   Orel State Agrarian University, Dudareva Angelika B. , Sidorin Alexander A. ,   Orel State Agrarian University
Published: April 2024

The article substantiates the actual problems concerning the prospects of activation of investment activities based on perfection of institutional infrastructure of regional agro-industrial complex. The world economy has recently undergone significant transformation, and therefore the priorities in the investment attractiveness of various sectors of the economy have changed. Due to the fact that agriculture is a very specific industry, investment activity and the nature of investment processes in it have special features that differ from other spheres of public activity. On this basis, the key directions of investment policy development in agro-industrial complex were identified. Development concept was worked out and scientifically substantiated, which allows activating investment processes in the region, increase the volume of investments attracted to the agro-industrial complex and the efficiency of their use. Based on the results of the study, the main directions to improve institutional infrastructure are formulated, implementation of which provides for formation of investment and reproduction block as a part of export-oriented agriculture of Orel region and activation of investment processes in the region. The main objectives determining the expediency of the developed provisions are as follows: optimization of agricultural producers structure by types of organizational and legal forms, development of mechanism to ensure more efficient distribution of financial and investment resources between agricultural producers, depending on their size and efficiency, realization of investment potential of agro-industrial complex and, as a result, achievement of strategic goals of its development. All theses will contribute to the development of the region and rural areas while ensuring budgetary, social and economic efficiency.
DEVOPS OPTIMIZED NAVIGATION: BUILDING A DEVOPS CI/CD PIPELINE
Authors: M. Priyanka  , K. Sindhuja  , V. Madhuvani  , K. Prasoona Sowpthika  , K. Kranthi Kumar
Published: April 2024

DevOps Optimized Navigation: Building a DevOps CI/CD pipeline aims to implement devops practices via building campus navigation for our college. The application displays different blocks of our college where the user can navigate. This system will be useful especially for new comers and people those who are unfamiliar with the campus layout. People equipped with any mobile phone can easily scan the QR Code to open the website and select the destination for navigation. The optimal path is visible via google maps. For DevOps, we have used Amazon Web Services(AWS) .GitHub is used as version control platform. A tool called Jenkins is used for continuous integration and continuous deployment which is a open source tool. Our Project is a flask application which is deployed using Docker container. Our project provides a solution that not only simplifies the navigation but also ensures responsiveness to different screen sizes and global accessibility to provide user friendly experience.
KEYWORDS – DevOps, GitHub, AWS Cloud, Jenkins, Docker, Flask, Navigation
LLMs-Healthcare: Current applications and challenges of large language models in various medical specialties
Authors: Mumtaz Ummara , Ahmed Awais , Mumtaz Summaya
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in utilizing large language models (LLMs) in the health-care sector, emphasizing their transformative impact across various medical domains. LLMs have become pivotal in supporting healthcare, including physicians, health-care providers, and patients. Our review provides insight into the applications of LLMs in healthcare, specifically focusing on diagnostic and treatment-related functionalities. We shed light on how LLMs are applied in cancer care, dermatology, dental care, neurodegenerative disorders, and mental health, highlighting their innovative contributions to medical diagnostics and patient care. Throughout our analysis, we explore the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating LLMs in healthcare, recognizing their potential across various medical specialties despite existing limitations. In addition, we offer an overview of handling diverse data types within the medical field.
Identification of stress-induced epigenetic methylation onto dopamine D2 gene and neurological and behavioral consequences
Authors: Blum Kenneth , Bowirrat Abdalla , Baron David , Elman Igor , Makale Milan T. , Cadet Jean Lud , Thanos Panayotis K. , Hanna Colin , Ahmed Rania , Gondre-Lewis Marjorie C. , Dennen Catherine A. , Braverman Eric R. , Soni Diwanshu , Carney Paul , Khalsa Jag , Modestino Edward J. , Barh Debmalya , Bagchi Debasis , Badgaiyan Rajendra D. , McLaughlin Thomas , Cortese Rene , Ceccanti Mauro , Murphy Kevin T. , Gupta Ashim , Makale Miles T. , Sunder Keerthy , Gold Mark S.
Published: April 2024

The D2 dopamine receptor (DRD2) gene has garnered substantial attention as one of the most extensively studied genes across various neuropsychiatric disorders. Since its initial association with severe alcoholism in 1990, particularly through the identification of the DRD2 Taq A1 allele, numerous international investigations have been conducted to elucidate its role in different conditions. As of February 22, 2024, there are 5485 articles focusing on the DRD2 gene listed in PUBMED. There have been 120 meta-analyses with mixed results. In our opinion, the primary cause of negative reports regarding the association of various DRD2 gene polymorphisms is the inadequate screening of controls, not adequately eliminating many hidden reward deficiency syndrome behaviors. Moreover, pleiotropic effects of DRD2 variants have been identified in neuropsychologic, neurophysiologic, stress response, social stress defeat, maternal deprivation, and gambling disorder, with epigenetic DNA methylation and histone post-translational negative methylation identified as discussed in this article. There are 70 articles listed in PUBMED for DNA methylation and 20 articles listed for histone methylation as of October 19, 2022. For this commentary, we did not denote DNA and/or histone methylation; instead, we provided a brief summary based on behavioral effects. Based on the fact that Blum and Noble characterized the DRD2 Taq A1 allele as a generalized reward gene and not necessarily specific alcoholism, it now behooves the field to find ways to either use effector moieties to edit the neuroepigenetic insults or possibly harness the idea of potentially removing negative mRNA-reduced expression by inducing “dopamine homeostasis.”
Switching Identities: A Quest for Self-Exploration in Mukherjee’s ‘Jasmine’
Authors: - Vinita Sharma
Published: April 2024

Bharati Mukherjee asserts that immigration has a variety of effects, and she achieves this by emphasizing the generally acknowledged importance of the destination nation. The country and the immigrant establish a bond, allowing the latter to advance as a result of the former rather than being just disrupted or altered by it. The country is transformed as a result of interaction with the outside world, and then it is revived. As a recent arrival from a foreign culture, the notable immigrant clashes with American society and highlights inconsistencies in both its past and present. She views immigration as a two-way process in which locals and newcomers combine and develop via the exchange of cultures.
Bharati Mukherjee's 1990 book Jasmine is a book about embracing different cultures. The Indian widow makes a successful endeavour to change her fate and find happiness in the story. The issue of the experience of arriving in a foreign country was addressed delicately by Bharati Mukherjee as well. In the book, an Indian immigrant named Jasmine experiences the new world and gradually changes as she immerses herself in new culture. In contrast to the fiction, Bharati Mukherjee more or less presented culture and modernism. Jyoti, later incarnated as Jasmine, is a traditionalist who loves to dominate women and is particularly nasty to those that resemble her. On the other side, Americans view America as a place of freedom, opportunity, and fulfilment. Each effort is rewarded in this place and where the foundation of the relationship between the male and the woman is one of equality.
Global Concerns on Human Rights: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: - Sakshi Bothra , - Rishika Biswas
Published: April 2024

There are several issues that have a profound global impact and have significantly influenced the protection of human rights. Human rights, intrinsic to all individuals, serve as the cornerstone of dignity and fairness across the globe. Despite the existence of country specific legal framework for human rights protection, the issue persists on global scale. The major issue faced among the
pressing human rights concerns is the plight of children, whose rights are often infringed upon through exploitation or lack of adequate care, manifesting in issues like adoption complexities. Moreover, the escalating influence wielded by both developed and developing nations has intensified the threat of nuclear proliferation, posing a grave risk to global security. Henceforth this paper aims to elaborate on the mentioned issues as well as other aspects of human rights
violation that is faced by people in contemporary times. In addition to the foundational principles of human rights, this paper seeks to delve into various
dimensions encompassing social, economic, political, and environmental factors. It aims to illuminate the multifaceted nature of human rights and shed light on the prevalent exploitation and abuse faced by victims around the world. Moreover, the paper endeavors to propose feasible solutions aimed at addressing the multifaceted challenges associated with human rights violations.
जिद्दू कृष्णमूर्ति के दार्शनिक एवं शैक्षिक विचारों की वर्तमान में उपादेयता
Authors: - Niraj Verma , - Dr. Akhilesh
Published: April 2024

भारतीय वसुंधरा धर्म, शिक्षा, न्याय, सभ्यता, विज्ञान, कला आदि मानव जीवन की आवश्यक प्रवृत्तियों की जन्मभूमि है। पशु को मनुष्य बनाने की सभ्यता व संस्कृति का उद्भव यही हुआ। भारतीय सभ्यता मानवता की, समस्त मनुष्य जाति की अत्यन्त ही विवेक एवं दूरदर्शिता से भरी हुई जीवन पद्धति है। इसे अपनाकर मनुष्य अगणित विकृतियों और बुराइयों से बचकर सुख, समृद्धि, सफलता और सद्गति का अधिकारी बनता है। इसमें अन्धविश्वास या मूढ़ परम्परा के लिए रत्तीभर भी स्थान नहीं है। यह देश स्वर्ग की अपेक्षा भी श्रेष्ठ समझा जाता था। अतीत का इतिहास इस तथ्य को मुक्त कण्ठ से उद्घोष कर रहा है। भारतीय शिक्षा का इतिहास बताता है कि भारत सदैव ज्ञान क्षेत्र में अग्रणी रहा है। जब विश्व के अन्य देशों में बर्बरता एवं असभ्यता विद्यमान थी तब भारत जगतगुरु के पद पर आसीन होकर विशाल वैदिक सभ्यता एवं साहित्य का निर्माण कर रहा था। कालान्तर में इस धरा पर अनेक विदेशी आक्रमण हुए और देश के समृद्ध शैक्षिक ढांचे को प्रभावित किया, फलस्वरूप अनेक शैक्षिक समस्याएँ उत्पन्न हुई। इन शैक्षिक समस्याओं के समाधान व प्राचीन शैक्षिक व्यवस्था की पुनस्र्थापना हेतु ऋषि-मुनियों, संत-महात्माओं, शिक्षाविदों, दार्शनिकों के विचारों का अनुशीलन आवश्यक है। इसी परम्परा में एक दार्शनिक जिद्दू कृष्णमूर्ति हुए, जिन्होंने भारतीय दर्शन को प्रभावित किया। इनकी गणना आधुनिक युग के श्रेष्ठ विचारकों में होती है। जे. कृष्णमूर्ति के मौलिक दर्शन ने सभी धर्म, सत्य और यथार्थपरक जीवन को आकर्षित किया। जे. कृष्णमूर्ति ने किसी दार्शनिक विचारधारा अथवा दार्शनिक संप्रदाय की व्याख्या नहीं कि अपितु उन्होंने मानवतावाद को आधार मानकर मानव के कल्याण पर बल दिया। उनके अनुसार वास्तविक दर्शन वह है जो हमारे जीवन में सत्य के लिए प्रेम जागृत करता है। उनके अनुसार बाहरी एवं आंतरिक जगत में होने वाले प्रत्येक स्पंदन का प्रतिक्षण बोध होना ही दर्शन है उनका विचार था कि एक ऐसे समाज का निर्माण हो जिसमें सादगी, प्रेम, सहयोग की भावना हो जिसमें सदैव प्राणी मात्र के प्रति प्रेम हो। एक ऐसे समाज का निर्माण हो जिसमें जाति, धर्म, समाज, संस्कृति आदि के आधार पर विभेद न हो तथा सभी प्रेम और सहयोग की भावना से बँधे रहे। जे. कृष्णमूर्ति ने धर्म, आध्यात्म, दर्शन, मनोविज्ञान व शिक्षा को अपनी अंर्तदृष्टि के माध्यम से नए आयाम प्रदान किए हैं। कृष्णमूर्ति के विचार न केवल दार्शनिक दृष्टिकोण से वरन भौतिक दृष्टि से भी अत्यंत महत्त्वपूर्ण हैं जो जाति, धर्म और संप्रदाय में उलझे, असमंजस में पड़े हुए लोगों का मार्गदर्शन करते प्रतीत होते हैं। उन्होंने मानव जीवन के लगभग समस्त पहलुओं पर अपने विचार प्रकट किये हैं। जे. कृष्णमूर्ति के जीवन का एकमात्र उद्देश्य विश्व को शांति, संतुष्टि और संपूर्णता प्रदान करना था जिससे ईष्र्या, द्वेष और स्वार्थ का समूल नाश किया जा सके। कृष्णमूर्ति ने जिस तरह स्थापित परंपराओं को किनारे कर लोगों को आत्म साक्षात्कार की तरफ प्रेरित करने का काम किया था, वह उन्हें बीती सदी का सबसे अनोखा दार्शनिक बनाता है। उनकी समग्र जीवन दृष्टि, उनका दर्शन और सम्यक शिक्षा भारत ही नहीं वरन् सम्पूर्ण विश्व के लिए प्रासंगिक और महत्वपूर्ण है। प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र में जे. कृष्णमूर्ति के दार्शनिक एवं शैक्षिक विचारों की वर्तमान में उपादेयता का अध्ययन किया गया है।
Exploring Ayurvedic Medicine Recommenda-tion using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: - Ligandro Singh Yumnam , - Aditya Jain , - Usha G , - C. Pretty Diana Cyril
Published: April 2024

Ayurveda, a time-tested medical system, traditionally offers personalized healthcare. Recently there has been a growth in medicine recommendation using AI but not much has been explored about Ayurvedic medicines. With our paper we plan to implement and explore Ayurvedic medicine recommendation
and how machine learning can enhance this approach by recommending individualized Ayurvedic treatments based on patient data. We propose a system that uses machine learning methods such as decision trees and neural network to first diagnose and then recommend the natural medicines. Furthermore, our main objective is to explore the potential of machine learning principles in medicine recommendation. By integrating machine learning techniques, this research seeks bridge the gap between traditional Ayurvedic wisdom and modern machine learning. The primary methodology employed in this study involves the training of a Neural Network model using patient data and predict medicines. The proposed system has the potential to improve healthcare accessibility and efficacy, particularly within the context of personalized Ayurvedic recommendations.
Ergonomics Evaluation an Origin and Overview - Copy
Authors: - Gokulakrishnan. J , - Chandra Gantham.P
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Ergonomics is the study of human abilities and characteristics which affect the design of equipment, systems, and jobs. The terms ergonomics and human factors can be used interchangeably. "Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of the interactions among human and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance.“Origin - The name ergonomics officially proposed at a 1949 meeting of the British Admiralty (July 12), by Prof. Hugh Murrell. The name 'Ergonomics' officially accepted in 1950. The name Ergonomics was derived from the Greek words: Ergon - work; Nomos - natural law. First use of the word actually can be traced to a series of four articles written by Prof. Wojciech Jastrzebowski in Poland in 1857.Britain - The Ergonomic Society was formed in 1952 with people from psychology, biology, physiology, and design.United States - The Human Factors Society was formed in 1957. In the US "human factors engineering" was emphasized by the US military with concentration on human engineering and engineering psychology. US efforts also focused on the "role" of an individual within a complex system.
Keywords ;
Perception of Student and Faculty of Nursing Institute Regarding Open Book Exam
Authors: - Samiksha Dindayal Gavas , - R.Ponchitra
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
An open book exam is one in which students can give answers using their textbooks and notes. In the open book exam, memory and organizational skills are quite significant. This because students can memorize each page of the textbook to determine which page of the textbook contains the solution to which question. While student have the freedom to access all of their books throughout the exam, the teacher has the power to question absolutely students have learned in class. Open-book exams don't require any prior knowledge or education. Instead, the long facts will be presented to the students. The goal of open tests is to teach pupils how to process information and thoughtfully and thoroughly integrate it. This study aims to assess perception of student and faculty of nursing institute regarding openbook exam.

Materials and methods: Quantitative research design was used. The structured questionnaire was used for data collection. And descriptive and inferential statistics was used for data analysis.
Results: The findings show that 90.5% nursing students were female and 51% nursing students. 53% nursing had negative perception towards open book exam. 100% nursing faculty were female and belong s to 31-40 years age group. 55% nursing faculty have negative perception towards open book exam. The result indicates that there is no significant association between student perception and faculty perception regarding open book exam (r=0.031; p value > 0.05).
Conclusion: The study was perception of students and faculty of nursing institute regarding open book exam. The data was collected from 200 nursing students and 20 faculty from MGM New Bombay College of nursing through the Google form. From this study, we came to understand that majority 53% students and 55% faculty have negative perception towards open book exam. The present study revealed that there is no significant association between perception of students and faculty of nursing institute towards open book exam.
Popularity-based and Collaborative Filtering Based Restaurant Recommender System
Authors: - Nishant Wale
Published: April 2024

The creation of a Popularity-based and Collaborative Filtering Based Restaurant Recommendation System is the main focus of this project, which is an important application in the fields of recommendation systems and machine learning. The system uses the different python libraries like scikit-learn, pandas, NumPy, Linear Regression, Hashlib and Matplotlib as well as technologies like Python and the Flask Framework, to recommend the restaurants to the users based on the ratings out of 5 and their tastes.
With features including user registration, login, restaurant browsing, and recommendation, the suggested system is a user-centric program. The system offers a smooth user experience by combining backend Python frameworks with frontend technologies like HTML, CSS, and Bootstrap. A thorough analysis of the literature made it clear that recommendation systems are essential for improving user pleasure and experience across a range of industries.
But my cutting-edge restaurant suggestion system offers a fresh approach. My solution combines cutting-edge machine learning algorithms with intelligent analysis of customer preferences to deliver customized restaurant recommendations. My system uses collaborative and popularity-based filtering algorithms to make sure that users receive recommendations based on their interests and preferences. Through the integration of data from many sources, such as restaurant attributes and user ratings, My system generates precise and pertinent recommendations that boost user engagement and pleasure. Furthermore, My platform offers a user-friendly experience with little additional infrastructure requirements by seamlessly integrating with current websites and applications. My goal is to revolutionize the restaurant discovery process and improve the eating experience for people globally by promoting the widespread adoption of My technology through smart relationships with industry players.
Land use Change Detection Methodologies and Techniques for Remotely Sensed Images
Authors: - Dr.S.BHARATHIDASON , - SUJDHA C
Published: April 2024

The increasing land use changes leading to urban expansion have attracted the researches. Urbanization has become a recent growing trend in many cities around the world. In most cases to estimate the urban expansion with the conventional survey and mapping techniques is expensive and time consuming. Remote sensing is increasingly used for detection and analysis of urban expansion since it is cost effective and technologically efficient. This paper aims to give the taxonomy of various methods and techniques to analyze the land use change detection through remote sensing images in an effective manner. One of the most important functions of remote sensing data is Land Use and Land Cover maps managed through image classification. This describes the various classifiers, software and image digitization techniques that are used in estimating the urban changes. Wide database of images has been used to test the algorithms. Hence, an in-depth study of existing work related to land use change detection will help to accelerate research in the field of urban change. This paper presents a systematic analysis of work done in land use change detection area. We also present a Comparison of existing methods and techniques used for land use change detection. Based on this analysis, we finally presented a few future research directions related to land use change detection through remote sensing images, which will be reduce uncertainties in the image-processing chain to improve classification accuracy.
Review of the Law on the Protection of Indonesian Illegal Workers (TKI) Abroad
Authors: - Oktavianus Dominggus AGN , - Joko Setiyono
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze: 1) Describe and explain the legal arrangements of illegal Indonesian Workers (TKI) in Indonesia; 2) Analyze legal reviews of the protection of illegal Indonesian Workers (TKI) abroad. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, concept approach, and case studies.The results showed that: 1) In Indonesia, Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers regulates protection for Indonesian migrant workers, including migrant workers who work officially abroad. However, for illegal migrant workers, their presence abroad illegally makes them vulnerable to exploitation, oppression, and injustice. To minimize the problems faced by workers abroad and protect the dignity and dignity of these workers, the regulation on the placement of Indonesian workers abroad in Law No. 39 of 2004 concerning the Placement and Protection of Indonesian Workers Abroad is a way out. 2) In legal reviews of illegal migrant workers abroad, it is important to consider efforts to prevent illegal departure of migrant workers and also improve protection for those already abroad. This could include measures such as education about the risks of illegal migration, law enforcement against illegal entrepreneurs or brokers, and increased access to legal and consular assistance for migrant workers in need