bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the empirical basis for research in the field of combating trafficking in persons on an international scale
Authors: Yulia-Aleksandrovna Siluyanova
Published: August 2022

This study is devoted to the analysis of the empirical base available today, which can form the basis of analytical models describing the patterns, causes and markers of such a dangerous phenomenon as human trafficking. In the course of the study, we found contradictions in the available sources, and also identified a number of difficulties generated by the specifics of the available data: inaccuracies, omissions, noise, distortions caused by flaws in the methodology or the use of unfounded expert assessments instead of factual material. Nevertheless, the analysis showed that even today, on the available empirical base, it is possible to identify reliable statistically significant regularities. At the same time, as an assessment of the level of trafficking, it is advisable to rely on the statistics of international organizations, while the international statistics of NGOs is contradictory and needs improvement.
Rôle de l’environnement comme réservoir de toxoplasme
Authors: Coste-Villena Isabelle
Published: August 2022

La toxoplasmose est une zoonose de répartition mondiale, due au protozoaire Toxoplasma gondii capable d’infecter tous les animaux à sang chaud. L’infection est généralement inapparente ou bénigne chez l’homme sauf en cas d’immunodépression ou lors de transmission materno-foetale (à l’origine de la toxoplasmose congénitale). Chez les mammifères et les oiseaux, elle peut être source d’avortements ou de maladies parfois graves. La contamination se fait par ingestion de kystes (présents dans les viandes) ou d’oocystes souillant le sol, les végétaux ou l’eau. Les oocystes sont particulièrement résistants aux conditions physico-chimiques. L’environnement joue donc un rôle de réservoir important pour le parasite en permettant son stockage et sa dissémination via les sols, les eaux souterraines ou marines. Son rôle est à prendre en considération pour mieux prévenir la contamination. Un enjeu important est le développement de méthodes de détection adaptées à ce compartiment environnemental où les matrices sont très diverses (sols, végétaux, eaux, mollusques…).
Caractérisation d’une population de lymphocytes B régulateurs en transplantation rénale
Authors: Brouard Sophie , Mai Le Hoa
Published: August 2022

Over the last decade, several populations of B cells with regulatory functions have been identified in an increasing number of pathological conditions. Since for several years we have been interested in a population of kidney transplant patients tolerant to their graft, we wanted to explore this regulatory process in these patients. After having shown that tolerant patients had a transcriptional profile with a strong B lymphocyte imprint, we showed that they had a higher number of B cells expressing granzyme B capable of inhibiting the proliferation of effector T cells by a mechanism depending on the contact of the B lymphocyte with its target and on granzyme B. We characterized these B lymphocytes and were able to establish a protocol for the expansion of these cells allowing us to consider their future use in cell therapy.
L’enseignement vétérinaire face à l'évolution de la société et du métier de vétérinaire dans la filière porcine
Authors: Delsart Maxime , Belloc Catherine , Leblanc Maridor Mily , Waret-Szkuta Agnès
Published: August 2022

L’enseignement vétérinaire dans la filière porcine a beaucoup évolué depuis 30 ans, même si les traditionnels outils, qui ont fait leurs preuves, comme les visites d’élevages, les visites d’abattoirs, les stages ou encore l’étude de cas cliniques sont encore très présents et intègrent les nouvelles connaissances sur la pathologie et sur les approches diagnostiques. Avec l’évolution de la société et des attentes sociétales, des domaines de compétence ont pris plus d’importance dans l’enseignement, comme le bien-être animal ou la biosécurité par exemple. L’évolution des étudiants eux-mêmes et de leur nombre ont poussé les enseignants à faire évoluer les méthodes d’enseignement en intégrant plus d’interactivité et de gamification, grâce notamment à des nouvelles technologies qui nous permettent de proposer des visites d’élevages en réalité virtuelle, ou en proposant des salles de simulation avec mannequins. La forte sensibilité de nos étudiants à l’animal et son bien-être conduit les enseignants à concevoir en parallèle de nouvelles séquences d’interaction avec les animaux, les vétérinaires et les éleveurs en situation réelle. Enfin, d’une façon générale, l’internationalisation de la profession est prise en compte dans l’enseignement vétérinaire, avec des mobilités internationales obligatoires, des cours de perfectionnement en anglais et les résidanats préparant aux différents Collèges européens, dont celui de gestion de la santé des porcs.
Environmental and Health Impacts of Women Fish Processors Working on Traditional and Modern Fish Smoking Platforms in Braffèdon (Ivory Coast)
Authors: Ossehin Ambroise , Koukougnon Kouho Lydie , Acho Yapi Fulgence , Gnamba Corneil Quand-Même , Yapo Ossey Bernard
Published: August 2022

Smoked fish plays a significant role in food security and nutrition, represents 2/3 of the consumption of fishery products in Ivory Coast and is still obtained using outdated traditional smoking methods. These methods are not very concerned with the health of the populations and the preservation of the environment, despite the existence of improved ovens called FTT ovens (FAO-Thiaroye Processing Technique) introduced in the country. The objective of this study is to show the impact of traditional smoking on the health of fish smokers and the environment in comparison with smoking processes based on FTT ovens. It is a cross-sectional and descriptive study involving 36 female smokers who use traditional ovens, 24 female smokers who use FTT ovens, as well as 53 Braffèdon case controls. It was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018. The data collection methodology includes questionnaire surveys, interviews, and observations. For the purpose of the study, two samples were followed: these were women smokers and non-smokers of fish, all of whom volunteered at the clinical examinations conducted. The results showed that women who use traditional stoves are more affected by pathologies. Baseline spirometry did not detect a significant frequency of ventilatory disorders. Bronchial hyperreactivity was statistically more frequent in women smokers using traditional ovens. Three measurement campaigns for CO, VOC and NO were performed above the ovens, at the women's resting point and beyond the ovens. The CO levels found at the women’s resting point in the traditional sites were higher and often exceeded the limit value (50 mg/m3). This work has allowed us to identify the deleterious effects of the fish smoking activity on the health of the fish smokers and the environment.
EVALUASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KOTA GORONTALO
Authors: Thamrin Hazairin , Dunggio Iswan , Rahim Sukirman
Published: August 2022

Pertambahan penduduk terutama di wilayah perkotaan berdampak pada meningkatnya laju timbulan sampah.  Buruknya penanganan sampah, umumnya disebabkan oleh buruknya tata kelola sampah. Tata Kelola sampah tersebut meliputi perencanaan, penganggaran, evaluasi dan monitoring. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kebijakan pengelolaan sampah yang telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah kota Gorontalo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dimana data yang dikumpulkan berasal dari responden masyarakat. Pemilihan responden merupakan kombinasi antara purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi tata Kelola, sumberdaya manusia, sarana dan prasarana serta pembiayaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pada aspek tata kelola pengelolaan sampah, respon masyarakat terhadap kebijakan berada pada kategori tinggi. Pemahaman yang tinggi masyarakat terhadap kebijakan ini karena pemerintah Kota Gorontalo aktif melakukan sosialisasi  terkait system pengangkutan sampah. Secara keseluruhan aspek sarana prasarana pengangkutan sampah di Kota Gorontalo berada pada kategori sedang, namun untuk sub kriteria sarana pendukung pengangkutan sampah mendapat penilaian rendah. Masyarakat memberikan penilaian rendah pada aspek kategori sumber daya manusia pengangkut sampah terutama kinerja petugas kebersihan dalam mengumpulkan sampah. Tingkat Pendidikan rendah dan rendahnya kapasitas masyarakat menyebabkan kinerja petugas sampah dinilai rendah Kategori kebijakan pembiayaan pengelolaan sampah di Kota Gorontalo berada pada kategori sedang
REDENCIÓN POLÍTICA EN EL PRÍNCIPE DE MAQUIAVELO: LA PROPUESTA DE MAURIZIO VIROLI
Authors: Cruz Acuña Edgar Odón , Izaguirre Villanueva Poul Michell
Published: August 2022

Después de haber escudriñado en la vida y obra de Nicolás Maquiavelo, fluye la pregunta: ¿la posición de Maquiavelo en El Príncipe está a favor de la autonomía de la política respecto de la ética? Para intérpretes autorizados como Benedetto Croce y Federico Chabod, la teoría de la autonomía de la política sería el aporte que recorre las páginas de El Príncipe. Mientras que para Maurizio Viroli, otro conocedor e intérprete autorizado del canciller florentino, esta obra contiene principalmente un mensaje de redención política; Maquiavelo no puede pensar la política separada de la ética. En todo caso, se justifica la existencia de una ética política en un sentido diferente a la ética clásica de la tradición aristotélico-tomista o, dicho en lenguaje de Max Weber, una ética de la responsabilidad o consecuencialista diferente a la ética de la convicción o de principios. En este estudio, nuestra propuesta interpretativa irá en la perspectiva de Maurizio Viroli, la cual nos permitirá también redimir la persona y la obra misma de Maquiavelo de algunos prejuicios y malentendidos históricos.
Fístula arteriovenosa con elevación de la vena basílica. Reporte de Casos
Authors: Silva Rodríguez Oswaldo
Published: August 2022

Se requiere una fístula arterio venosa (FAV) para hemodiálisis permanente. Las recomendaciones de acceso prefieren   radio cefálica, braquiocefálica, braquio- basílica con elevación o transposición y tunelización. El objetivo de este trabajo fue  presentar mi experiencia con la creación de FAV con vena basílica elevada. Desde Junio 2017 y Marzo del año 2020, se realizó trece FAV Braquio – basílica con técnica de elevación de acuerdo a registro de cirugías realizadas por la Unidad, siete hombres y seis mujeres. La edad media fue 65,7 años; 53,8% de pacientes fueron ≥ a 65 años. En el post operatorio temprano hubo hematomas de antebrazo en dos casos,  infección de herida en dos casos, también un caso de edema. En el periodo de seguimiento, tres no maduraron, tres pacientes fallecieron; las  FAV restantes están funcionando. En conclusión, la FAV Braquio – basílica con vena elevada  es una alternativa en pacientes que ya han agotado otras opciones.
Colecistectomía de emergencia con diagnóstico intraoperatorio de hemobilia: reporte de un caso
Authors: Ruiz Christian , Chuctaya Angelo , Vera-Portilla Angel F. , Vera Portilla Walter Alberto , Calizaya Elvis
Published: August 2022

La hemobilia (HB) es la presencia de sangre en o a través del tracto biliar. Las causas más comunes son iatrogénica, traumática, neoplasias y fístulas colangiovenosas o arteriobiliares. Y los cálculos biliares representan del 5-15 % de las causas. Presentamos el caso de una mujer 28 años, sin antecedentes, ni uso de anticoagulantes, diagnosticada inicialmente de colecistitis aguda, que requirió colecistectomía abierta de emergencia. Durante la operación se evidencia un coágulo adherido a la luz de la vesícula y dos cálculos. Confirmando el diagnóstico con los hallazgos histopatológicos. Debido a su similitud clínica, debe considerarse en pacientes con antecedentes de terapia anticoagulante, trauma, malignidad, o hallazgos compatibles con colecistitis alitiásica. Pero puede presentarse en pacientes sin antecedentes y estar asociado a colelitiasis. El tratamiento depende del estado hemodinámico y la etiología. Requiriendo cirugía en caso de colecistitis, ya que conlleva una alta tasa de mortalidad, y perforación vesicular (2-15 %).
Desafíos para la gestión de la infodemia en salud en tiempos de COVID-19
Authors: Espinoza-Portilla Elizabeth , Henríquez-Suárez Milagro , Henríquez-Ayin Felipe
Published: August 2022

En febrero del 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud alertó de una infodemia masiva, es decir, de una gran cantidad de información que en algunos casos puede ser correcta (en otros casos no), y que puede dificultar a que las personas encuentren fuentes confiables y orientación fiable cuando las necesiten. La infodemia se propaga extremadamente rápido, particularmente con el auge de las redes sociales. La infodemiología es la ciencia de la distribución y los determinantes de la información en medios electrónicos, como la Internet, o en una población, con el fin de informar sobre la salud y las políticas públicas. Durante el periodo del 2002 al 2021 se registraron 484 publicaciones sobre infodemiología en la base de datos MEDLINE (vía PubMed), y se observó que el 71.9 % de los trabajos (348/484) se publicaron durante los años 2020 y 2021. Así como se puede controlar que las epidemias se propaguen rápidamente si se actúa a tiempo, también se puede mitigar la infodemia. Sin embargo, existen desafíos que agregan una carga adicional en el manejo de la pandemia, y por ello urge la necesidad de educar a la población e implementar programas de formación a los trabajadores de salud para gestionar eficientemente la infodemia. El objetivo del artículo especial es describir los desafíos para la gestión de la infodemia en salud en tiempos de la COVID-19.
Risk factors associated with mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in a Level I Social Security Hospital, Peru-La Libertad
Authors: Arana-Calderón César Alejandro , Chávez-Guevara Sandra Paola
Published: August 2022

Objective: To identify demographic, clinical, laboratory and treatment characteristics associated with mortality in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in a Level I Hospital of Peruvian Social Security, at La Libertad Network. Materials and Method: Retrospective cohort study. Cox proportional hazards model was used, calculating crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR), and the Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to evaluate the overall survival curve and for each factor. Results: Of the 158 patients, the diagnosis was confirmed in 79.11%. Nearly 70% (68.99%) were men, the global median age was 65 years (IQR: 52-77), and it was higher in deceased subjects 69 years old (IQR: 61-80 years). Little more than half of this population (53.80%) had comorbidities, such as high blood pressure (27.85%), obesity (22.78%), and diabetes mellitus (13.92%). The median duration of symptoms prior to admission was 9 days (IQR: 6-11 days). HRs were determined for oxygen saturation less than 80% on admission with 0.21 FIO2, leukocytosis with associated lymphopenia, oxygen requirement at 0.80 FIO2 on admission, and moderate-severe ARDS. Such values were 1.54, 1.98, 2.07 and 2.91, respectively. Conclusions: The development of moderate-severe ARDS on admission, leukocytosis associated with lymphopenia, less than 80% hypoxemia on admission at 0.21 FIO2, and high-flow oxygen requirement since admission with 0.80 FIO2, were the only risk factors for mortality.
Hipercortisolismo severo e hipocalemia recurrente
Authors: Pinzon-Tovar Alejandro , Oviedo-Cali Marly , Jimenez-Salazar Silvana , Mendez Harold , Buitrago-Toro Kenny
Published: August 2022

El síndrome de Cushing endógeno deriva de un aumento crónico, inapropiado y sostenido de glucocorticoides principalmente como respuesta al exceso en las concentraciones séricas elevadas de la hormona adrenocorticotropa (ACTH) desde un tumor adenohipofisiario, enfermedad de Cushing; o producida de forma ectópica por tumores neuroendocrinos. El Cushing suprarrenal se origina por tumores de la corteza adrenal que producen de forma autónoma cortisol y es independiente de ACTH. El curso clínico, tratamiento, pronóstico y posibles complicaciones dependen de identificar de forma correcta la lesión desencadenante; situación que en múltiples ocasiones resulta en una experiencia retadora para los clínicos.

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 62 años, ingresada por síntomas constitucionales con hipocaliemia severa de difícil corrección e hipercortisolismo severo.
Micromechanics predictions of effective elastic, piezoelectric and dielectric properties of composite piezoelectric films
Authors: Li Liwenjuan , Gu Xiyu , Gao Chao , Hu Shaohua , Wang Yaxin , Zou Yang , Liu Yan , Liu Wenjuan , Cai Yao , Sun Chengliang
Published: August 2022

Knowledge of the effective elastic, piezoelectric and dielectric properties facilitates the design of radio frequency devices, for example film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs). Based on the Reuss model and Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka micromechanics theory, this paper predicts the effective properties of bilayer composite piezoelectric film consisting of AlN film and vertical compound ScAlN film. The evaluated material coefficients and original material parameters are substituted into the FEM simulation to investigate the performance of FBARs, respectively. The consistent resonant frequencies of FBARs demonstrate the accuracy of Reuss model in calculating the effective parameters of bilayer composite piezoelectric film.
Tantangan dan Strategi Pemasaran Produk Halal di Indonesia
Authors: Muhammad Nizar  , Antin Rakhmawati
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe the challenges and marketing strategies of halal products produced by small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. The method used is a qualitative literature review method with primary data sources from interviews with BPJPH-LPH LPPOM MUI, East Java UMKM Service, UKM Service in 5 Regencies and Cities, namely Pasuruan Regency, Malang City, Batu City, Probolinggo City and Sidoarjo, while secondary data were obtained from supporting research documents, including journals, MUI performance reports, Seminar studies, and research reports, collecting data using observations, interviews, and documentation. The findings of this study are the need for small businesses to always follow the activities held by the government, always be active in government programs, pay attention to brands, improve promotions, participate in increasing e-commerce, and improve distribution. The limitation of the research is that it is only conducted in 5 regencies and cities, besides that the object of research is only small businesses or SMEs of food and beverage, and it is hoped that further research will expand research objects such as tourism, fashion, and hotels. The implication of this research is that it is hoped that entrepreneurs can immediately take care of halal certificates, because now people are starting to believe in the halalness of a product.

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Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan tantangan dan strategi pemasaran produk halal yang dihasilkan oleh usaha kecil menengah di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan menggunakan metode kualitatif  literatur review dengan sumber data primer dari wawancara dengan BPJPH-LPH LPPOM MUI, Dinas UMKM Jawa Timur, Dinas UKM di 5 Kabupaten dan Kota, yaitu Kabupaten Pasuruan, Kota Malang, Kota Batu, Kota Probolinggo dan Sidoarjo, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari dokumen pendukung penelitian, diantaranya jurnal, laporan kinerja MUI, Kajian Seminar, dan Laporan penelitian, pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Temuan penelitian ini adalah perlunya usaha kecil selalu mengikuti kegiatan yang diadakan pemerintah, selalu aktiv dalam program pemerintah, mempehatikan merek, memperbaiki promosi, turut serta dalam peningkatan e commerce, dan memperbaiki distribusi. Keterbatasan penelitian hanya dilakukan di 5 kabupaten dan kota, selain itu obyek penelitian hanya usaha kecil atau UKM makanan dan minuman, dan diharapkan untuk penelitian selanjutnya memperluas obyek penelitian seperti wisata, feshion, dan hotel. Implikasi penelitian ini diharapkan pengusaha dapat segera mungkin mengurusi sertifikat halal, karena sekarang masyarakat mulai percaya kepada kehalalan suatu produk.
CONVENTIONAL MRI FINDINGS IN NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS.
Authors: Shaheen Sehrish , Shaheen Feroze , Nazir Umar , Jabeen Shumyla , Gojwari Tariq , Arif Sajad
Published: August 2022

Background: Differentiation of NPH from other neurodegenerative diseases is challenging due to overlapping clinical &
imaging features. This study aims to demonstrate various conventional MRI ndings in clinically suspected patients of
NPH. The study group comprised 36 patients and 10 asymptomatic age-matched controls. They were assessed on MRI for Evans'Methods:
index, callosal angle, Sylvian ssure width, third ventricle diameter, temporal horn of lateral ventricle diameter, deep white matter
hyperintensities, & aqueductal ow void. In controls & cases respectively, Evans' index was 0.26 ± 0.02 & 0.34 ± 0.04, callosal angleResults:
was 104.5 ± 5.5° & 84.0 ± 8.7°, Sylvian ssure width was 3.2 ± 0.9 mm & 6.5 ± 1.4 mm, third ventricle diameter was 5.8 ± 1.3 mm & 12.7 ± 2.6
mm, & temporal horn diameter was 3.9 ± 0.9 mm & 7.4 ± 2.3 mm. Percentages of controls & cases with various grades of DWMH were similar.
Aqueductal ow void was seen in 94.4% of cases & none of the controls. NPH patients have higher Evans' index, smaller callosalConclusion:
angle, wide Sylvian ssures, dilated third ventricle & temporal horns compared to controls. CSF ow void is exclusively seen in cases. There is no
difference in DWMH between cases and controls.
A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ROUTINE CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION AT THE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS OF AHMEDABAD CITY.
Authors: Singh Shalini , Rajput Shivangi , Patel Harsh , Shah Nitya , Chauhan Uttam , Bhatt Rajshree
Published: August 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused signicant disruptions in the delivery of essential primary health
care services including routine immunization services in various countries including India. This temporary interference
can lead to soaring of vaccine preventable illnesses. The recent outbreak of Measles worldwide in the last 12 months depicts a clear picture for a
secondary health crisis. So, this study brings forth the impact of pandemic on the routine childhood immunizations in primary health care sectors
of Ahmedabad, India and developing appropriate strategies to ensure continuity of services. A retrospective observational study wasMethods:
carried out at the Urban primary health centers distributed across the seven zones/wards of Ahmedabad region and data of children (under 5
years) registered and vaccinated as per universal immunization Programme schedule were retrieved for a period of four years and divided into
two comparison groups as pre covid sessions (1st January 2018 till 31st December 2019) and post covid sessions (1st January 2020 till 31st
December 2021). The vaccination trends were compared for these two periods and analyzed. Routine childhood immunizationResults:
coverage (among 0 to 5 years old children group) following the pandemic depicted a declining trend with a major set-back recorded in
pentavalent and MR vaccination coverage (fall of 40%). Full immunization coverage falls short by 30% (95%+ 2.4% versus 66%+ 3.1%) and it
was signicant with p<0.05 and chi square value of 27.7. Barriers to effective routine immunizations have also been enumerated with pandemic
related anxiety and difculty in community mobilizations being most common. It is quite evident that the Covid-19 pandemic hasConclusions:
been a major backslider for the routine childhood immunizations in India which needs immediate redressal to prevent the outbreaks of vaccine
preventable diseases in future.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PELVIC ROCKING EXERCISE AND GINGER ON DYSMENORRHEA AMONG NURSING STUDENTS IN A SELECTED NURSING COLLEGE, BANGALORE
Authors: Augustin Bibi
Published: August 2022

A spectrum of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic measures is used for managing dysmenorrhea. A quasi- experimental comparative pre-test post-test design was adopted to nd effectiveness of pelvic rocking exercise and ginger on dysmenorrhea and the data collection instruments used were structured baseline questionnaire and Verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMDS) and VAS for assessing the severity of dysmenorrhea. Study was carried out among 70 nursing students with 35 students each in exercise and ginger group, selected by simple random sampling technique for 2 menstrual cycles. Among the 70 subjects 17.15%, 62.85% and 20% subjects had severe, moderate and mild dysmenorrhea The nding of the study revealed that there is a signicant more or less similar reduction in dysmenorrhea among nursing students practicing pelvic rocking exercise and consumption of ginger powder. Therefore, such simple remedial measures can be used in day – to day basis in reducing dysmenorrhea.
Castelman's Disease with Mesenteric Localization
Authors: Laila Dahbi Skali , Lotfi Azzouz , Abdellah Moufid , Said Benamar , Jalil Mdaghri , Rahal Mssrouri , Abdellatif Settaf
Published: August 2022

Castelman's disease is a rare affection, which affects the abdomen in 21% of cases. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman, in whom a midline laparotomy allowed excision of a mesenteric mass at the expense of the first jejunal loop, and whose histology is in favor of Castleman's disease.
Hydrocele of the Canal of Nuck: Case Report
Authors: Hamdane S. , Diani A. , Madkouri H. El , Boutakioute B. , Idrissi M. Ouali , Gannouni N. Cherif Idrissi
Published: August 2022

Swelling in the inguinal region of a woman may result from a number of conditions. Hydrocele of the canal of Nuck is a rare condition seen in females which is an extension of the peritoneum into the inguinal canal. It may be difficult to make a specific diagnosis based upon the history and physical examination alone. This report describes a symptomatic 44-year-old woman in whom CT and ultrasound were helpful in diagnosing a hydrocele of the canal of Nuck. Through this work, we will present the results of the imaging leading to its positive diagnosis and its characterization.
The Strategies to Overcome Shi’a’s Propaganda in Malaysia
Authors: Fathillah Mohamed Fairooz Mohamed , Niteh Muhammad Yosef , Ahmad Aminuddin Basir@ , Rosman Syamim Zakwan Bin , Shahabudin Muhammad Fakhrur Razi Bin
Published: August 2022

The rapid development of Shi’a movement around the world involving several crisis in the Middle East become a major influencer on the Muslims in Malaysia. Though, its teachings and influence growth, but it was contradict with the Ahlul Sunnah Waljamaah (Sunni) teachings practice in this country. This development have become a serious problem when they dare to protest against the fatwa on banning Shi’a. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the Shi’a deviance and the strategies to fight against its propaganda in Malaysia. The findings in this paper shows the Shiites deviation is from faith and practices aspects. At the same time, this paper found some of the key element regarding the Shiites propaganda among the people in Malaysia. Then, the paper concludes that the banned on Shiites movement in Malaysia is due to its extreme doctrine or teaching that effect the Islamic faith. Thus, the Shiites in Malaysia is not only seen as heresy, but it consider as a threat to the national security. Shiites dispersion is contagious in the country and need to eradicated as well as possible. This is because it’s a threat that able to clash the unity of Ummah and religious integrity as well as dividing the unity of the Muslims in this country.
Assessing the Relationship between Plasma Von Willebrand Factor Antigen Levels, ABO and Rh (D) Blood Groups and Risk of Sickle Cell Anaemia Vaso – Occlusive Crisis
Authors: Akpan Idongesit Samuel , Asuquo Iniobong Effiong
Published: August 2022

In sickle cell anaemia (SCA), continuous activation of the vascular endothelium by inflammatory cytokines leads to increased elaboration and secretion of von Willebrand Factor (vWF), a potent mediator of adhesive interactions involving the endothelium and circulating blood cells. Non-O blood groups are associated with the elevation of vWF concentration. Thus, SCA and non – O blood groups are determinants of increased levels of vWF, which plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). To determine the influence of plasma vWF:Ag levels, ABO and Rh (D) blood groups on the risk of occurrence of sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis. We conducted a prospective study of frequencies of VOC with respect to plasma vWF:Ag levels, ABO and Rh (D) blood groups of 50 SCA patients. In comparison with blood group O, patients with non – O blood groups had significantly higher mean vWF concentration (4.17+3.16 IU/l vs 3.46+3.69 IU/l, p< 0.001), with a significantly higher mean number of VOC episodes per patient (3.2 vs 1.3, p<0.001). The relative risk of VOC for patients with non- O blood groups was 1.87 (95% confidence interval 1.5 - 2.2, p<0.001). However, the association of Rh (D) blood group of the patients and their plasma vWF:Ag levels on the risk of occurrence and frequency of VOC was not statistically significant (P = 0.155). SCA patients with non – O blood groups had more episodes and higher risk of VOC that were likely due to the effect of higher plasma vWF concentration. These results indicate that the non- O blood group is a risk factor for frequent VOC and an unfavourable prognostic marker in SCA. We hereby recommend that a large multicentre prospective study be carried out to definitely determine the impact of ABO, Rh and other blood groups on the overall clinical course of SCA.
القطاع الصناعي في المملكة العربية السعودية: نظرة اقتصادية تحليلة مكانية
Authors: الهويش عبدالكريم
Published: August 2022

تهدف هذه الورقة إلى دراسة وتحليل حجم وخصائص مكونات القطاع الصناعي السعودي وطبيعة توزيعه مكانياً بين مناطق المملكة العربية السعودية خلال السبع عشرة سنة الماضية (1995م إلى 2012م)، بغية التعرف على الدور الذي لعبه هذا القطاع في توسيع وتنويع القاعدة الإنتاجية للاقتصاد السعودي من جهة ودفع عجلة التنمية الصناعية المتوازنة من جهة أخرى. عكست نتائج الدراسة الدور الفعال الذي لعبته الحكومة السعودية بتطور ونمو القطاع الصناعي السعودي من خلال سياسة دعم الصناعة وتشجيعها واستغلال الموارد المالية النفطية الاستغلال الأمثل في إقامة الوحدات الصناعية الضخمة وتمويلها، وتذليل جميع الصعوبات التي يواجهها القطاع الصناعي في المملكة العربية السعودية، إلا أن القطاع الصناعي ما زال في حاجة إلى المزيد من الدعم والتطوير خاصةً الصناعات الخدمية غير الكيماوية والبلاستيكية. كذلك أكدت نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى وجود تركز مكاني عالي للأنشطة الصناعية بمناطق معينة دون غيرها، الأمر الذي يستلزم إيجاد سياسات تنموية تحفيزية تعمل على إعطاء المناطق الإدراية الأخرى فرصة لتسهم في دفع عجلة التنمية الصناعية وخلق صناعة إقليمية متوازنة ومستدامة.
التسويق الاجتماعي في إطار مهنة الخدمة الاجتماعية
Authors: الناجم مجيدة
Published: August 2022

يعد التسويق الاجتماعي مفهوماً حديثاً نسبياً في الأدبيات العربية في مجال خدمات الرعاية الاجتماعية وفي الكتابات العلمية في تخصص الخدمة الاجتماعية؛ لذا فإن هناك حاجة ماسة للكتابة حول هذا الموضوع وتقديم نواة يمكن الاستناد عليها معرفياً في تطوير المفهوم, بحيث يكون قابلاً للتطبيق والاستفادة منه في تنظيم حملات تسويق اجتماعية تحقق أهداف سياسات الرعاية الاجتماعية الهادفة؛ لإحداث تغيير اجتماعي يساعد على تحسين مستوى حياة الأفراد والمجتمعات. من هذا المنطلق جاءت فكرة هذا البحث حيث تناولت فيه الباحثة تطور مفهوم التسويق الاجتماعي، وأهميته، ومبادئه، وأشكاله، وإستراتيجياته، وخطوات تطبيقه في إطار ممارسة مهنة الخدمة الاجتماعية مع توضيح للأسس العلمية والمهارية التي يحتاج أن يتمتع بها الأخصائي الاجتماعي الذي سيعمل في مجال التسويق الاجتماعي. مع الوقوف على الصعوبات والمعوقات التي قد تقف حائلاً دون تطبيقه في المجتمعات العربية.
Analysis of the Impact of Solvency Capital on Efficiency: Evidence from Takaful Firms in GCC Region
Authors: Asafa Adeyinka , Hamid Zarinah
Published: August 2022

The minimum solvency capital regulatory standards introduced by insurance sector’s supervisory authorities in the GCC region aimed at protecting and reshaping the takaful takaful industry against adverse effects of global financial crisis as well as other unanticipated socio-economic challenges have attracted different reactions and comments from the sector’s stakeholders. While the intent may be commendable, concerns are raised by some stakeholders that compliance with this regulation may stifle operation efficiency of these companies. This paper investigates the impact of solvency capital on efficiency of takaful companies in the GCC region.
The mathematical programming non–parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) with range adjustment measures (RAM) model is employed for the analysis due to its desirable properties compared to other DEA models. The outcome of DEA analysis is subjected to diagnostic statistical test using Wilcoxon sign ranked statistical test to determine the impact of solvency capital proxy on efficiency score. Solvency condition is model to reflect adjustment to two distinct circumstances, namely management and regulatory positions. Result shows that the adjustment behaviors of takaful companies to solvency conditions affect the efficiency at different period and thus reflects both management and regulatory positions.
سلاح المرايا المحرقة في كتابات المؤرخين المسلمين بين النصوص التاريخية والأسطورة الشعبية خلال العصر الوسيط
Authors: منير عمرو
Published: August 2022

كان تناول مؤرخو العصور الوسطى لعلم المرايا المحرقة  يجمع بين الحقيقة والخيال، أو هو علم وخيال: علم الخيال وخيال العلم، إن صح التعبير. ومن المؤكد أن العرب والمسلمين أخذوا فكرة المرايا المحرقة من الثقافة اليونانية بقدر متفاوت وهضم العرب والمسلمون جميع ما أخذوه واستوعبوه، واستقلوا بالفكرة بعيدًا عن أصولها القديمة بحيث يمكن أن يقال بحق إنها أصبحت عربية إسلامية خالصة بفضل ما قدمه كل من الكندي، قسطا بن لوقا، أحمد بن عيسى، عطارد بن محمد، وابن الهيثم.وهو ما ستوضحه الدراسة. وسأستخدم المنهج العلمي التاريخي معتمداً على الدراسة التحليلية لملائمتها لطبيعة وموضوع الدراسة. والقيام بدراسة تحليلية لآلية التطور التاريخي لفكرة المرايا المحرقة أي الانعكاس المتقارب للأشعة الشمسية على المرايا منذ أن كانت فكرة تداعب خيال اليونان ومن بعدهم العلماء العرب وصدى هذا الخيال وأثره في كتابات المؤرخين وفي الأساطير والسير الشعبية العربية، وتمثيلاتها  في عصر النهضة وصولا إلى يومنا هذا. في تأكيد على أن العديد من الاختراعات التي يُنظر إليها على أنها حديثة، ليست سوى اختراعات، واكتشافات مُجددة أو أعيد تكوينها من جديد أو هى ألوان من العود الدائري إلى بدء، تؤكد على فضل الأسطورة والخيال على العلم وما حدث بينهما من تصادم، فانفصال، فالتقاء في النهاية عند تحقيق هدف واحد وإن اختلفت الوسائل عند كل منهما.
تأثير العوامل المعرفية وطرق الدراسة في وقوع الطلبة تحت الملاحظة الأكاديمية على طلبة جامعة السلطان قابوس: دراسة ميدانية
Authors: كرادشة منير , المحروقية رحمة
Published: August 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى رصد معاينة العوامل المعرفية ذات العلاقة بقوانين الجامعة وطرق الدراسة ودورها في وقوع الطلبة تحت الملاحظة الأكاديمية في جامعة السلطان قابوس على عينة قوامها (619) طالباً وطالبة من الواقعين تحت الملاحظة الأكاديمية، وقد تم جمع البيانات بواسطة استبانة إلكترونية خاصة أعدت لهذه الغاية لكافة الطلبة الواقعين تحت الملاحظة الأكاديمية، بالاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود ضعف في معرفة الطلبة بالقوانين والقواعد المنظمة لحياتهم الجامعية والخاصة بوقوعهم تحت الملاحظة الأكاديمية، وأن أهم أسباب وقوعهم تحت الملاحظة الأكاديمية تعود إلى عادة الاستذكار غير المناسبة، وعدم المقدرة على تنظيم الوقت لديهم، وعدم مقدرة الطلبة على التركيز أثناء المحاضرة، والأسباب ذات العلاقة بضعف استيعاب المحاضرات والأسباب ذات العلاقة بقلة الوقت المخصص للدراسة، وعدم التفرغ لها. كما بينت الدراسة عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية هامة لأغلب المتغيرات ذات العلاقة بعادات الدراسة وللعوامل المعرفية عدا المتغيرات المتعلقة في عدد ساعات المذاكرة للطالب، ومسألة الالتزام بالخطة الدراسية أثناء تسجيل مقررات الدراسة والمعرفة الوافية لقواعد الجامعة وقوانينها في حال وضعه تحت الملاحظة الأكاديمية تبعا لمتغيرا النوع الاجتماعي والكلية التي يدرس بها الطالب.
Breast Self-examination Knowledge and Practice among Kuwaiti Women
Authors: Al-Sejari Maha
Published: August 2022

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women living in both developed and developing countries and one of the most common causes of death among women in developing countries. Most cases of BC are diagnosed at late stages of the disease due to insufficient knowledge about breast self-examination (BSE) and clinical breast examination (CBE). The study objective is to report Kuwaiti women’s practice, knowledge, and etiological reasons that discourage women from performing BSEs. A questionnaire was distributed among 716 women of ages between 15 and 62 years old with two scales, (1) Knowledge of BSE performance and (2) Reasons for not practicing BSE, as well as socio-demographic questions. The findings show that Kuwaiti women’s reasons for not practicing BSE were related to the fact that the majority (78.1%) did not know about the frequency of performing BSE, nor how to perform it. The participants (70.7%) also claimed that they did not know the right time to perform BSE. There was a significant relationship between the participants’ ethnic roots, BC frequency among them, family history of BC, and family history of cancer and the participants’ knowledge about performing BSE (P < 0.05).
أبو تمّام بين ابن المعتز وأبي بكر الصّولي
Authors: العامري عمر , الحوراني محمد
Published: August 2022

يعمد هذا البحث إلى تقديم صورة الشاعر أبي تمام في نظر ناقدَين كبيرَين هما ابن المعتز وأبو بكر الصوليّ. فقد شكّل أبو تمام علامة بارزة في مسيرة أدبنا العربي القديم، بلغت ذروتها في القرنين الثالث والرابع الهجريين. وهو شاعر إشكاليّ، أسهم أيّما إسهام في تنشيط الحراك النقدي، بانتهاجه طريقة التجديد والبديع والخروج (التجديد) على عمود الشعر العربي، الذي اتخذه النقاد العرب القدامى معيارًا يقيسون به جيّد الشعر من رديئه، فكلما كان نصيب الشاعر منه أكثر، والتزامه به أشدّ، علا شأنه، وارتفع شأوه، وتبوأ عندهم منزلة فضلى.
Views, Experiences, and Challenges of Anesthetists and Anesthesia Technologists on Parental Presence During Induction of Anesthesia in Children: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Aljohani Dalia Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Parental presence during induction of anesthesia (PPIA) has a potential positive impact on the pediatric patient, parents, and anesthesia staff. Several studies have explored the effectiveness of PPIA. However, there are no recent studies that explore the anesthesia staff's views, experiences, and challenges toward PPIA. The aim of this study was to discover the views, experiences, and challenges of anesthetists and anesthesia technologists regarding PPIA within a hospital in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This study followed a mixed-method design with a qualitative descriptive approach. A methodologic triangulation of data collection, comprising phase one, quantitative Likert-scale questionnaires, and phase two, qualitative semi-structured interviews. Thirteen anesthetic practitioners were recruited in the questionnaire phase, and then six anesthetic practitioners participated in the interviews. The quantitative data set was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and results are given using descriptive statistics. The qualitative data set used thematic analysis and results are given using themes and participants' quotes.

Results

The data analysis identified representative themes and revealed no major differences in the opinions and experiences of anesthetists and anesthesia technologists on PPIA support. Based on the anesthesia staff's experiences, they believed in PPIA benefits, such as reduction in sedation use, minimizing the child's anxiety, and enhanced level of cooperation with the staff. Several points were raised indicating that there were challenges of PPIA with anxious parents and hospital policy being the main concern.

Conclusion

The study provides evidence from anesthetic practitioners that PPIA is seen in a positive light within the Saudi hospital. The study's findings support further research to improve pediatric anesthesia practice, including a review of the hospital guidelines and policy.
Tax Harmony: The Promise and Pitfalls of the Global Minimum Tax
Authors: Avi-Yonah Reuven , Kim Young Ran
Published: August 2022

The rise of globalization has become a double-edged sword for countries seeking to implement a beneficial tax policy. On one hand, there are increased opportunities for attracting foreign capital and the benefits that increased jobs and tax revenue brings to a society. However, there is also much more tax competition among countries to attract foreign capital and investment. As tax competition has grown, effective corporate tax rates have continued to be cut, creating a “race-to-the-bottom” issue.

In 2021, 137 countries forming the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS passed a major milestone in reforming international tax by successfully introducing the framework of a global minimum corporate tax, known as Pillar Two. It aims to set a floor for corporate tax rates with various corrective measures so that multinational enterprises’ income will be taxed once in either source country or residence country at a substantive tax rate. Hence, Pillar Two is the first implementation of the “single tax principle” at the global level. Because Pillar Two requires an unprecedented amount of coordination among countries, it is important to understand Pillar Two thoroughly so that countries can maneuver the challenges of implementation, while still enjoying the ultimate benefit that would come from this global tax harmony.

This Article analyzes the issues of tax competition and why most countries in the world have come to the conclusion that a global minimum tax is needed. This Article explains the single tax principle as the theoretical underpinning of Pillar Two, breaks down the principles and policies that comprise Pillar Two, and anticipates what promise and pitfalls passage of the global minimum tax will bring. Because the basis of Pillar Two is a direct extension of the Global Intangible Low Tax Income (GILTI) and Base Erosion and Anti-Abuse Tax (BEAT) provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, it is reasonable to anticipate that the global minimum tax will be considered a success if it is implemented by all the G20 countries.
Examining the Bar Exam: An Empirical Analysis of Racial Bias in the Uniform Bar Examination
Authors: Devito Scott , Hample Kelsey , Lain Erin
Published: August 2022

The legal profession is among the least diverse in the United States. Given continuing issues of systemic racism, the central position that the justice system occupies in society, and the vital role that lawyers play in that system, it is incumbent upon legal professionals to identify and remedy the causes of this lack of diversity. This Article seeks to understand how the bar examination—the final hurdle to entering the profession— contributes to this dearth of diversity. Using publicly available data, we analyze whether the ethnic makeup of a law school’s entering class correlates to the school’s first-time bar passage rates on the Uniform Bar Examination (UBE). We find that higher proportions of Black and Hispanic students in a law school’s entering class are associated with lower first-time bar passage rates for that school in its reported UBE jurisdictions three years later. This effect persists after controlling for other potentially causal factors like undergraduate grade-point average (UGPA), law school admission test (LSAT) score, geographic region, or law school tier. Moreover, the results are statistically robust at a p-value of 0.01 (indicating just a 1% chance that the results are due to random variation in the data). Because these are school-level results, they may not fully account for relevant factors identifiable only in student-level data. As a result, we argue that follow-up study using data relating to individual students is necessary to fully understand why the UBE produces racially and ethnically disparate results.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AIR KELAPA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN SAWI HIJAU (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Indriawati Niar , Damhuri Damhuri , Ede Suriana Gende
Published: August 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian air kelapa terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman sawi hijau dan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi air kelapa yang berpengaruh terbaik dalam merangsang pertumbuhan tanaman sawi hijau. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pendidikan Unit Biologi Fakultas Keguruan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Halu Oleo dari tanggal 10 Juni sampai 29 Juli 2016. Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel bebas (X) berupa perlakuan pemberian air kelapa konsentrasi (40%, 60%, 80%) dan kontrol, dan variabel terikat (Y) yaitu pertumbuhan sawi hijau dengan indikator, jumlah daun (helai), luas daun (cm2), laju pertumbuhan (LPS) dan berat basah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), masing-masing 6 kali ulangan, sehingga keseluruhan terdapat 24 unit percobaan sebagai sampel yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05) serta  dilanjutkan dengan uji BJND. Hasil analisis sidik ragam diperoleh bahwa Fhitung> Ftabel, dimana konsentrasi 40%, 60% dan 80% menunjukkan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Konsentrasi 40% merupakan perlakuan yang paling efektif dalam mempercepat pertumbuhan tanaman sawi hijau.
PENGARUH RENTANG WAKTU CEKAMAN PANAS TERHADAP NILAI HEMATOKRIT AYAM BROILER (Gallus domesticus)
Authors: Riza Akhmad Sidiq , Sirih M. , Darlian Lili
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian rentang waktu cekaman panas terhadap nilai hematokrit ayam broiler. Sampel penelitian adalah 15 ekor ayam broiler dari populasi, diambil secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria kondisi sehat, berkelamin jantan, bobot tubuh ±800 gram dan berumur 21 hari. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah rentang waktu cekaman panas sebesar 40ºC selama 0 jam/hari (kontrol), 2 jam/hari, 4 jam/hari, 6 jam/hari dan 8 jam/hari, sedangkan variabel terikat adalah nilai hematokrit ayam broiler. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen (True-Experiment) menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Teknik analisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif dan analisis inferensial dengan menggunakan uji F pada taraf kepercayaan 95% (α = 0,05) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan  nilai Fhitung > Ftabel atau p<0,05 artinya  bahwa rentang waktu cekaman panas berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai hematokrit ayam broiler (Gallus domesticus). Kesimpulan yang diperoleh semakin lama rentang waktu cekaman panas maka nilai hematokrit semakin menurun.
MODEL ARSITEKTUR POHON ORDO SAPINDALES DI SEKITAR KAWASAN WISATA AIR TERJUN MORAMO HUTAN SUAKA MARGASATWA TANJUNG PEROPA
Authors: Sasmita Farra , Murni Asmawati , Sapaille Pallawagau
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model arsitektur pohon ordo Sapindales di sekitar kawasan wisata air terjun Moramo Hutan Suaka Margasatwa Tanjung Peropa. Waktu dan tempat penelitian dilaksanakan pada semester genap tahun ajaran 2016/2017 bulan Januari-Februari 2017 bertempat di kawasan wisata air terjun Moramo Hutan Suaka Margasatwa Tanjung Peropa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis pohon yang termasuk dalam ordo Sapindales. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode survey dengan teknik jelajah. Teknik analisis data yaitu dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pada famili Sapindaceae ditemukan satu spesies yaitu kase (Pometia pinnata)teridentifikasi memiliki model Koriba, famili Anacardiaceae terdapat tujuh spesies yang ditemukan yaitu kedondong hutan (Spondias pinnata), mangga hutan (Mangifera indica), kuweni (Mangifera odorata), ketiganya memiliki model Scarrone, jambu mete (Anacardium occidentale) memiliki model Troll, dahu hitam (Dracontomelon dao) dan dahu merah (Dracontomelon duperreanum) memiliki model Stone, gui (Koordersiodenron pinnatum)memiliki model Roux, dan famili Burseraceae ditemukan satu spesies yaitu lengai (Haplolobus celebicus)memiliki model Stone. Model Scarrone dan model Stone adalah model arsitektur pohon yang mendominasi pada jenis tumbuhan yang termasuk ordo Sapindales yang ada di kawasan wisata air terjun Moramo Hutan Suaka Margasatwa Tanjung Peropa.