bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING OF PERFORMING ARTS AS A TOURIST ATTRACTION TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF TOURIST EXPERIENCES AT SAUNG ANGKLUNG UDJO
Authors: Mulyana Deni
Published: November 2020

This study aimed at analyzing the elements of performance, the programme of performance, and the actual condition of tourism product in Saung Angklung Udjo Bandung. Performance is very important to create positive and negative experiences for the audience because it is presented to others. To find out whether the performing arts that are displayed are good, it necessary to have a response from tourists who watched the show. Problems arose in this research are as follows: 1) How are tourism products in Saung Angklung Udjo Bandung?;  2) How is the appearance in performing arts as a tourist attractions at Saung Angklung Udjo Bandung?; and 3) How is the quality of the tourist experience after seeing the performing arts at Saung Angklung Udjo Bandung. The purpose of this research is to find out tourism products, appearance in performing arts tourism attractions, and the quality of the tourist experience after saw the performing arts at Saung Angklung Udjo Bandung. The method used is a qualitative method. Interviews, observation, documentation and questionnaires are used as a technique data collection. At the same time, the data analysis technique uses a Likert scale. The result showed that some improvement in the products, appearance in performing arts tourism attractions, and the quality of the tourist experience are necessary to improve at Saung Angklung Udjo Bandung.Keywords: Performing Arts, Tourism Products, Tourist Experience
Chemical and bioactive properties of the oils from Brazilian nuts
Authors: Costa Tainara , Veronezi Carolina Médici , Jorge Neuza
Published: November 2020

This paper aims to determine the content of bioactive substances of lipid fractions extracted from Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythis pisonis and Dipteryx lacunifera, in by the interest of better identifying the quality of these raw materials. Proximate composition of nuts was determined by official methods and total carbohydrate was calculated by difference. The oils were extracted from the nuts by cold pressing and analyzed for fatty acid composition, tocopherols, phytosterols and total carotenoids and phenolics compounds. The fatty acid composition of oil extracted from L. pisonis was more unsaturated compared with others oils. L. pisonis oil showed to be richer in total tocopherol and γ-tocopherol, moreover showed considerable total phytosterol and carotenoid amounts, thus representing an important source of vitamins A and E. The oils showed significant content of phenolic compounds, with the exception of the oil extracted from D. lacunifera. The study revealed that the oils from Brazilian nuts contain bioactive compounds in relevant quantities, L. pisonis oil standing out. This fact favors their use for food and, as raw material in chemical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, adding value to products derived from these oils, increasing the viable sources of raw materials.
Silvopastoral system compared to other conventional production systems in the Maranhão State Cerrado
Authors: Silva Edvan Costa da , Leonel Léo Vieira , Reis Fabrício De Oliveira , Catunda Paulo Henrique Aragão , Silva Luciana Sabini da , Menechini Wagner
Published: November 2020

Silvipastoral systems are identified as options for land use due to the high potential they offer to increase the level of income from agronomic, social, economic, and ecological aspects. Given the above, this study aimed to evaluate the environmental benefits of implementing a silvopastoral system in Cerrado Maranhense, in comparison to other conventional production systems. The same was done in 2013 from February to May on a private property located in São Francisco do Brejão (MA) during the rainy season. The experiment evaluated three types of system: a) silvopastoral, composed of leucaena, grasses, and beef cattle, b) rotational system, and c) extensive system. A randomized block design in a 3x3 factorial scheme with three replications was used. Three pasture management systems (silvopastoral system, rotational system with native regeneration and extensive system) and three evaluation times (08:00 h, 12:00 h, and 16:00 h) were evaluated. After sample collection, dry biomass was determined. In the evaluation of ecophysiological parameters, the photochemical efficiency and estimate of the relative chlorophyll content in brachiaria plants of the three systems were determined. The photochemical efficiency was determined in the grasses of each system, being randomly evaluated three leaves per plant. The silvopastoral system was the one that showed the greatest increase in dry biomass of forage and the best results for the photochemical parameters, standing out as the best system for livestock.
Substrates on germinative seed processes in Tabebuia roseo-alba (Ridl.) Sandwith) And Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl) G. Nicholson
Authors: Silva Regimonica Craveiro da , Aguiar Bruno Aurélio Campos , Gomes Taiuan Bruno Almeida , Santos Bárbara Maria Martins , Fonseca Euclides Figuerêdo , Souza Priscila Bezerra de
Published: November 2020

Among the constituents of Brazilian flora, the ipes, belonging to the Bignoneaceae family, occur widely, and therefore do not occupy a single habitat. This group species has various values, including economic, ornamental and medicinal. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of various substrates on the seed germination process of Tabebuia roseo-alba (Ridl.) Sandwith) (ipê rosa) and T. serratifolia (Vahl) G. Nicholson (ipê amarelo). The experiment was carried out with BOD type germinators, adjusted to a constant temperature of 30ºC, with a photoperiod of twelve hours daily. The seeds were distributed in transparent acrylic boxes (Gerbox) and conditioned under the substrates: carbonized rice husk (CRH), commercial substrate (CS) Bioflora, washed sand (WS) and vermiculite (V). The treatments were distributed in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme (two species and five substrates), with four replications. At 30 days, the final percentage of emergence (% E) or the total percentage of seeds emerged up to 30 days after sowing was calculated. In general, T. serratifolia seeds showed relatively higher values of emergence percentage and emergence speed. The treatment containing 100% commercial substrate showed the best results for both species in terms of percentage and emergence speed, however it can be inferred that the washed sand substrate showed similar values for the yellow ipê under the tested conditions.
Scarification in no-tillage: soil physics and plant development
Authors: Prazeres Marco Segalla , Barbosa Fabrício Tondello , Bertol Ildegardis , Fehlauer Tercio Vaisnava
Published: November 2020

No-tillage is conservationist soil management for agricultural production and it is based on soil cover by crop residues and restricted mobilization to the sowing line. However, its structure can be affected by the excessive compaction resulting from the traffic of machines. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and crop performance in no-tillage with and without scarification, combined with different successions of plant species, in a Humic Cambisol. For this, the species of black oat, wheat and forage turnip were cultivated in winter, and later, corn and beans in summer. Soil samples were collected at the beginning and at the end of the experimental period, while evaluations of plant yield were carried out in the final stage of development. Soil scarification reduces relative density (RD) and soil resistance to penetration (RP) after preparation of soil, with effect restricted to the surface layer. Such effects persist for one year, however RD and RP increase over time, regardless of soil management. RP is more sensitive for evaluation of soil compaction and correlates positively with RD, with exponential adjustment. The aerial biomass of black oat, wheat and forage turnip was not affected by soil scarification, and crop yield of beans and corn showed to be more related to the previous cultivation than the scarification in no-tillage.
Conventional inoculants and biological protector, co-inoculation and nitrogen fertilization in soybean
Authors: Alves Neto Alfredo José , Lana Maria Do Carmo , Lorenzetti Eloisa , Henkemeier Nicanor Pilarski , Schimiloski Sergio , Ritter Giovana
Published: November 2020

There is little information that supports the new technology of inoculants with biological protectors and indecates the results in soybean crop. In order to evaluate the morphophysiological responses of soybean crop to conventional inoculants, inoculants with protectors, co-inculation with Azospirillum brasilense and at increasing doses of N. The treatments consisted of: Control; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + biological protector; Bradhyrizobium elkanii + Bradhyrizobium japonicum + biological protector; Bradyrhizobium elkanii; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + biological protector + co-inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense; Bradyrhizobium elkanii + Bacillus amyloliquefaciens + biological protector; Dose 20 kg ha-1 of N; Dose N 40 kg ha-1 and Dose N 60 kg ha-1 of N. Nodulation, chlorophyll a, b and total content, nitrogen content in leaf tissue and grains were evaluated thousand grain mass and productivity were evaluated. The biological agents tested in the experiment provided an increase in the number of nodules and an increase in the mass of 1,000 grains when compared nitrogen fertilization. The treatments with nitrogen fertilization, compared to the treatments with inoculation, were higher for chlorophyll a, b and total contents. Long-life inoculants, in the absence and presence of coinoculation in seed treatment, demonstrated efficiency in number of nodules and in the supply of N in soybean crop, with superior responses on the non-inoculated control, even in soil with initial concentration 1,510 10-4 bacteria cells per gram of soil. Long-life inoculants offer greater practicality to the rural producer and demonstrated efficiency in the supply of N to soybean crop.
Spent mushroom substrate Agaricus bisporus in the production of pepper seedlings
Authors: Abreu Carlos Godinho de , Costa Lívia Martinez Abreu Soares , Collela Carolina Figueiredo , Castro Cibelli Paula , Zied Diego Cunha , Dias Eustáquio Souza
Published: November 2020

Mushroom cultivation generates a large volume of SMS (spent mushroom substrate), which needs to be properly discarded to avoid contamination of new production cycles. However, SMS is a rich substrate, and can be used to produce vegetable seedlings. The present study evaluated the feasibility of using SMS of Agaricus bisporus as substrate for production of sweet pepper seedlings. The culture substrate was composed of sugar cane bagasse, horse manure, rice straw, soybean meal, chicken bed, urea, potassium chloride, simple superphosphate and gypsum. After cultivation, the SMS was homogenized, wet and composted. The substrate thus processed is the SMS of A. bisporus. The substrate Carolina II® was used as control. The following treatments were evaluated: T1- 100% Carolina II; T2 - 25% SMS + 75% Carolina II; T3-50% SMS + 50% Carolina II; T4- 75% SMS + 25% Carolina II and T5- 100% SMS). Seedling and germination characteristics were evaluated. The best germination parameters were observed with the treatment containing 50% of SMS, compared to the commercial substrate. However, for the quality parameters of the seedlings, the best results were obtained with 100% SMS treatment. Therefore, the use of different SMS percentages for the production of pepper seedlings is an alternative to reduce the production cost. The treatment with 100% SMS presented the best DQI values, as it produced vigorous and better quality pepper seedlings.
Empirical methods for reference evapotranspiration estimation
Authors: Sobrinho Oswaldo Palma Lopes , Júnior Wady Lima Castro , Santos Leonardo Nazário Silva dos , Silva Gerlange Soares da , Pereira Álvaro Itaúna Schalcher , Tavares Germanna Gouveia
Published: November 2020

The reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is a parameter applied in meteorological, climatological and hydrological studies being of great importance for the planning, management and management of water resources. Due to the need for knowledge about the loss of water from vegetated surfaces, researchers have developed a variety of methods for estimating ETo, some of which are well accepted, while others are criticized, such as the Penman-Monteith-FAO (PM-FAO) meteorological data, which is not always available by limiting its use. The PM-FAO method has been used for decades to be considered internationally and most appropriate for ETo estimates. This method represents the physical phenomenon of evapotranspiration that involves almost all meteorological elements analyzed in automatic and conventional meteorological stations. On the other hand, when this method is impossible to apply due to the lack of some input data, alternative methods are justified (Hargreaves-Samani, Blaney-Criddle, Priestley-Taylor, Jensen-Haise, Camargo, Makkink, Kharrufa , Linacre, Class A tank, Thornthwaite and solar radiation) according to soil and climatic conditions.
Development and productivity of two beet genotypes for fertilization
Authors: Silveira Daniel Mocelin , Carvalho Flávio Corrêa de , Mariano Gustavo Pailo , Francisco André Luiz Oliveira de
Published: November 2020

Beet needs a high demand of nutrients to improve its development and productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of fertilizer forms in the development and productivity of the beet crop. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the Fazenda Escola of the Higher Education Center of Campos Gerais, located in the city of Ponta Grossa-PR, between September and November 2018. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 2x4 factorial scheme [2 genotypes of beet (Boron hybrid and Tall Top Early Wonder cultivar) x 4 forms of fertilization, T1 - control (without fertilization), T2 - poultry litter, T3 - bovine manure and T4 - NPK], containing four repetitions. The harvest was carried out at 75 days after transplanting the seedlings, harvesting five plants from each plot to carry out the analyzes, thus evaluating the number of leaves per plant, height of the aerial part, fresh mass of the aerial part and the root, productivity, horizontal diameter and commercial classification of root, presence of white rings through notes and soluble solids content (ºBrix). Among the different genotypes studied, the cultivar Tall Top Early Wonder was superior in the variables of plant height, fresh mass of roots and leaves and soluble solids, 75 days after transplantation. The cultivar Tall Top Early Wonder responded better, implying the idea that organic fertilization would be an alternative as a source of nutrients in beet production.
Development and application of hydrogen energy and fuel cell vehicle
Authors: Ma Shuo
Published: November 2020

is currently,continued growth in global energy demand and dwindling fossil fuel resource reserves,and
environmental security issues are gradually highlighted,makes it possible to create aClean and sustainable energy
systems have become an urgent need for national security strategies for the future ofnations.awide range of hydrogen
sources,use clean and can thenhealth,is ideal for traditional fossil fuels alternative energy.This article mainly introduces
the development of hydrogen energy and hydrogen production and hydrogen storage technology,and analyzing
hydrogen energyTechnologies in the development of automobiles,-fuel cell car.To resolve the energy problems that are
currently facing
Impact of thedevelopment of the biofuels industry on food securitytake the fuel ethanol industry as an example
Authors: Xu Guoxia
Published: November 2020

Asa kind of low carbon energy, biofuels have energy security, optimize energy structure, reduce carbon
emissionS and other important role.However, theoretical model analysis and foreign experience shows the major food
as the the raw cropsBiofuel production may produced to reclaim land and grain, the influence of the increase food,
prices, and TransmissIon mechanism through international trade impact on the global food supply and prices.Changes
of domestic COM and other food crops planting area of correlation analysis showed this current corn-based biofUels
production scale has not impact cm other food crops and prices.But, as withfood crops or food crops as raw material to
the expansion of biofuel productiOn, it'll inevitably impact on domestic food production and price, for this reason, this
article preliminary estimates THe is the three kinds of biofuels production capacity influence on domestic food
production and pricesFood security and industry development dual goal from industry guidance and regulation, industry
technical support, theDustrial economic incentives Three aspects put forwardthe development of biofuel industry the
policy system and policy
Refugees’ L2 learning: new perspectives on language motivation research
Authors: Ortiz Cobo Monica , Kralik Roman , Bianco Rosella
Published: November 2020

This study analyses the factors that influence the second language learning motivation of refugees in Italy. To do so, we have conducted an ethnography by making interviews and questionnaires to adult refugee students of the Italian language. The analysis of the data highlights that the peculiar migration experience of this type of students results in specific language learning motivation factors. Starting by the existing paradigm, we discuss the refugee second language (L2) learning motivation as composed by the following dimensions: Ideal L2 Self, Ought-to L2 Self, Social Distance, Learning Experience, Self-confidence, and Anxiety and Multilingual Self.
Preparing students for writing essay with reasoning elements in English in the Unified State Exam in Russia
Authors: Orekhova Yelena Yu. , Sergienko Natalia A.
Published: November 2020

The paper is devoted to the study and analysis of the examination task in the written part of the Russian Unified State Examination. It is called an essay or a written statement with reasoning elements and has been being conducted in the Russian Federation since 2005. The aim of the paper is to work out a self-study algorithm helping examinees to complete task 40 (a written statement with reasoning elements) in the Unified State Examination format successfully. The author of the article paid much attention to the study of the history, aim, structure, and statistical results of the exam in the English language in 2019. The transformation of task 40 in the written part of Unified State Examination into the task with the possibility for an exam participant to choose one of two statements is considered and the peculiarities of this task are thoroughly described. The structure of task 40, assessment criteria, subject matter, language material (syntax, morphology, vocabulary, phonetics), typical mistakes are studied and analyzed. The Demo version of an essay 2020 is presented and analyzed in the paper. The work is based on the data of the Federal Service for Supervision of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.
On the salience of becoming a creative foreign language teacher
Authors: Polok Krzysztof , Mala Eva , Muglova Daniela
Published: November 2020

The paper discusses the aspects of creativity found to be essential for a foreign language teacher. The elements of professionally anchored creativity, having been juxtaposed with the segments of a language lesson, are meant to serve as a form of illustration that the final effect of any foreign language course depends on a creativitybased organization. Thus, an attempt to contrast and subsequently analyze scriptlabeled teacher approaches to foreign language education is made, and different creativity-inducing forms of foreign language lesson organization are presented in the paper.
Roma perspectives on their language problems in the context of language ideologies
Authors: Samko Milan
Published: November 2020

This paper is part of research focusing on society-wide language problems of the Roma community in the context of language ideologies of the Roma in the Slovak Republic. The purpose of the paper is to identify current language problems from the perspective of the Roma community and to open space for discussion in the process of managing their language problems. The research question is as follows: What do the Roma people consider a language problem in terms of the scale and reach of the Romani language network, and what solutions do they propose. To obtain empirical material, we used a qualitative methodology tool, specifically a semi-structured interview conducted in the Romani language. At the same time, the paper further clarifies the language problems of the Roma community and contributes to a wider understanding of the Roma strategies in addressing these problems. The aim is to present and characterize language problems from the Roma perspective, to propose measures addressing the problems, and to contribute to their solution.
Scrutinizing EFL learners' online reading strategy use across proficiency levels
Authors: Anggraini Merliyani Putri , Cahyono Bambang Yudi
Published: November 2020

This study aimed at investigating the difference in online reading strategy use between EFL students with high and low English proficiency level and knowing the relationship between online strategy use and reading comprehension. Ninety-six university students were involved in this research, and they were distributed into two groups; high and low proficiency levels based on English proficiency test scores. SORS was administered to collect the data after completing three reading sessions. Analyses of the data, using the Chi-square test to see the differences and the Spearman test, to check the relationship between strategy use and reading achievement. The results showed that the reading strategy that was most frequently used by the EFL learners was a problem-solving strategy, and the least frequently used one was a socio-affective strategy. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the online reading strategy use between students in high and low proficiency levels. Therefore, there was a negative relationship between strategy use and reading achievement. The more strategies they used, the lower score they got.
THE PROBLEM OF DEVELOPMENT OF MAXILLARY SINUSITIS AFTER SINUS-LIFTING SURGERY
Authors: Remizova Ekaterina , Amkhadova Malkan , Gergieva Tamara , Amkhadov Islam
Published: November 2020

Subject. In some clinical cases maxillary sinus lift is a nessesary surgery preparing for dental implantation in the distal parts of the upper jaw. However, despite the widespread using of this type of surgery in clinical practice, the percentage of postoperative complications leading to the development of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis after sinus-lifting surgery does not decrease from year to year. Among the complications of sinus lifting, the following main ones are distinguished: perforation of the maxillary sinus mucosa and nasal cavity; rejection of a previously installed dental implant; migration of the implant and/or bone material to the maxillary sinus; bleeding; acute maxillary sinusitis.

The aim is to conduct a systematic analysis of domestic and foreign literature sources to determine the main factors of development of postoperative odontogenic sinusitis, as well as features of diagnosis and prevention of this complication.

Methodology. The review of research allows us to consider the etiology of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis after sinus-lifting surgery and the pathogenesis of the disease, to draw conclusions about possible ways to prevent its development.

Results. Odontogenic sinusitis that developed after the sinus-lifting operation is very common in clinical practice, despite the widespread use of this type of bone augmentation and proven methods of surgical intervention. The reason for this can be both anatomical prerequisites and iatrogenic factors, as well as insufficient diagnosis of pathologies of the paranasal sinuses in the preoperative period.

Conclusions. The development of postoperative sinusitis can be avoided with careful planning of the operation, necessarily with computer tomography (preferably, cone-beam (dental) computed tomography, which is characterized by a relatively low load for optimal visualization of the maxillofacial tissues). Pathological changes in the sinus cavity and paranasal structures should be eliminated as planned before the sinus-lifting operation.
ASSESSMENT OF BONE QUALITY IN THE FRONTAL PART OF MANDIBLES IN FEMALE PATIENTS OF VARIOUS AGES USING CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Nurieva Natal'ya , Shelegova Irina , Vazhenina Dar'ya
Published: November 2020

Thing. The optical density of the lower jaw in the frontal part of female patients was studied, age-related differences in the optical density of the lower jaw were revealed.

The aim is to reveal the variability of the values of optical density of the lower jaw in the anterior region in female patients.

Methodology. Computed tomograms of the lower jaws of 26 patients were analyzed. The optical density of the bone was assessed using the method of computer densitometry in Hounsfield arbitrary units, measurements were carried out in the area of the root apexes of the lower canines. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel, Windows 9.

Results. In 84.6 % of cases, the optical density of bone tissue in the area of 3.3 and 4.3 teeth is within the same class according to the Misch classification. In this group, 72.7 % of patients had class D2, 18.18 ― D1, 9 ― D3; in 15.4 %, the bone density on the right and left sides of the mandible belongs to D2 and D3. The optical density between two relatively symmetrical points is in the range from 2 to 238 units, between the right and left sides it is 129.66 HU. In the group of 30―39 (n = 6) years, in 50 % of cases, bone density belongs to class D2, in 33.33 ― D1, in 16.66 ― D3; 40―49 (n = 8) years in 87.5 % of cases ― D2, in 12.5 ― D1; 50―59 (n = 6) years at 50 % ― D2 and at 50 ― D3; 60―68 (n = 6) years at 50 % ― D2 and at 50 ― D3.

Conclusions. With increasing age of patients, there is a decrease in bone density in the lower jaw in the canine area.
El criterio de Kelly frente al modelo Markowitz: optimización de portafolio bajo una función no lineal desacoplada de riesgo y rentabilidad. Aplicación al caso colombiano
Authors: Sanabria-López Mauricio Enrique
Published: November 2020

Se presenta un análisis comparativo del proceso de optimización de portafolio utilizando el criterio de Kelly bajo una función no lineal desacoplada, es decir, cuando la función de rentabilidad para un portafolio de múltiples activos se de­fine como una función no lineal de la fracción del capital total que es asignado en cada inversión. Los elementos de comparación son los niveles de rentabi­lidad y riesgo en los dos portafolios (un portafolio obtenido por la aplicación del modelo de Markowitz frente a un portafolio aplicando el criterio de Kelly) en un horizonte de tiempo definido.
الائتلاف والاختلاف في الأمثال العربية واليوربوية: دراسة مقارنAL-I’TILAF WA AL-IKHTILAF FI AL-AMTSAL AL-ARABIYAH WA AL-YORUBIYYAH: DIRASAH MUQARANAH
Authors: Jumahalaso S. Muhammad
Published: November 2020

الأمثال مجموعة من أفكار الشعوب وعاداتها وعقائدها وتقاليدها المتوارثة جيلاً بعد جيل، وهي مرآة تعكس ثقافات الشعوب بصفة عامة، ومن أكثر أساليب التعبير الشعبية انتشارا وشيوعا، وأقدرها على مساعدة المتكلم للوصول إلى هدفه بأقل جهد وفي أقصر وقت. وقد حظيت الأمثال باهتمام كبير وعناية عظيمة لدى الأدباء العرب وحكمائها وشعرائها نظرا للأهمية التي تكتسبها في الثقافة العربية لما فيها من إيجاز اللفظ وإصابة المعنى وغيرها. وكما تهتم العرب بفن المثل وبحسن استعماله في كلامهم، كذا الشعب اليوربوي القاطنون في الجنوب الغربي لدولة نيجيريا يولون استخدام الأمثال في ثنايا حديثهم اهتماما أعظم وعناية كبرى لأن المثل عند حصان الكلام الذي يركبه المتكلم إلى هدفه. ولأهمية المثل لدى الشعبين جاءت هذه الدراسة لتتناول المثل من حيث مفهومه، وأنواعه، ومصادره، وكيفية استعماله في الكلام لدى الشعبين. وقد نسج الباحث في جمع مواد الدراسة وفحصها وتحليلها على منوال المنهج الوصفي مع الاستعانة بالمنهج التاريخي. ومما توصلت إليه الدراسة من النتائج أن المثل ظاهرة أدبية شعبية وعالية عرفتها شعوب العالم وبالأخص الشعب العربي واليوربوي، وأن مفهومه وأنواعه وخصائصه متقاربة جدا، وأن غالبية أمثال أمة أو شعب يتكرر بألفاظها وبمعنانيها في أمثال الشعوب الأخرى مع اختلاف عروقها ولغاتها وتباعد أماكنها. Proverbs are collection of peoples' customs, beliefs, and traditions inherited from one generation to another and one of the most popular methods of expression assisting the speaker effectively and efficiently. Proverbs have received great attention and concern among the Arabs. Similarly, the Yoruba people of Nigeria are interested in proverb and its good usage in every task, as according to them, it is as if a horse of speech which the speaker rides to his goal. By virtue of the importance of proverb among them, this study addresses proverb in terms of its concept, types, sources, and how it is used in their speech. In the collection, examination and analysis of data, the researcher makes use of the descriptive and historical methods. Among of the research findings are: (i) proverb is a literary phenomenon popularly known and used by peoples in the world, particularly in Arab and Yoruba. (ii) The concept, types, and characteristics of proverbs among the two nations are very close, and (iii) Most of their proverbs are repeated by others, despite the difference in their customs, languages and geographical area.
RADICALISM PREVENTION MOVEMENT: RELIGIOUS MANIFESTATION OF SHOLAWAT COMMUNITIES IN THE MATARAMAN
Authors: Fuad A. Jauhar
Published: November 2020

Religious traditions become a form of community religiosity. One’s religious attitude can be manifested in religious forms and actions through religious rituals such as prayer, fasting, zakat, pilgrimage, and other rituals such as tahlil, istighasha, and salawat. Public openness to religious traditions will close the space for radicalization. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques, Interviews, documentation and focus group discussion. The findings of this study: first, the salawat council becomes a forum for people who have a spirit of religiosity in carrying out religious traditions. The development of salawat assemblies in the Mataraman region is quite a lot, but there are salawat assemblies having affiliations with FPI and defend against HTI. Second, the salawat council's existence received a response from Gus (young Kyai) who then brought the salawat council as a counterweight to the previous assembly. Its presence becomes a choice for the people in neutralizing radical understanding. As the community's religious universe grows, it needs an assembly that can lead to Islam's concept wasathiyah. Tradisi keagamaan menjadi wujud dari religiusitas masayarakat. Sikap religiusitas seseorang dapat diwujudkan dalam bentuk dan tindakan keagamaan melalui ritual-ritual kegamaan seperti, salat, puasa, zakat, haji, dan ritual lain seperti tahlil, istighasha, dan salawat. Keterbukaan masyarakat pada tradisi agama akan menutup ruang gerak radikalisasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara, dokumentasi dan FGD. Temuan penelitian ini: pertama, majelis salawat menjadi wadah bagi masyarakat yang mimiliki spirit religiusitas dalam menjalankan tradisi keagamaan. Perkembangan majelis salawat di wilayah Mataraman cukup banyak, akan tetapi ada majelis salawat yang memiliki afiliasi dengan FPI dan melakukan pembelaan terhadap HTI. Kedua, keberadaan majelis salawat tersebut mendapat respon dari Gus (kyai muda) yang kemudian memunculkan majelis salawat sebagai penyeimbang  majelis sebelumnya. Kehadirannya menjadi pilihan bagi umat dalam menetralisir paham radikal. Seiring meningkatnya semangat keagamaan masyarakat, maka dibutuhkan majelis yang dapat mengarahkan pada konsep Islam wasatiyah.
Cultural Potential of the Social Structure of Russian Society: Definition of the Problem
Authors:   Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, Marshak Arkadyi L.
Published: November 2020

The article analyses the present state of culture in Russia, its multilevel content. It shows the influence of different layers of society on the state and development of the present social structure. Based on perennial research data collected with participation of the author, sociocultural models of social relations and their influence on the cultural potential of the social structure are described. The article emphasizes the necessity of multilevel social research of the cultural potential of Russian society. The main directions of theoretical, methodological and empirical program of such research are formulated.
Parents' understanding of gender towards parenting to teenagers
Authors: Sailana Demaris Cristina
Published: November 2020

Gender problems have become daily topics of discussion. The relationship between gender and parenting in a family can also cause different problems because the understanding among individuals in the family is also different. The purpose of this study was to determine the understanding of parents about gender and to identify the way parents provide parenting to boys and girls. The research method used in this study was a descriptive qualitative approach. The informants in this research were parents who have teenaged children, either boys or girls, or both of them. The results of this study indicate that parents in Claket Village did not understand the differences between gender and sex because they still distinguished the tasks based on sex. The way that the parents used to provide parenting to boys and girls was to involve their children directly in doing their parents’ activities.
Ecological media perspective on WhatsApp status features
Authors: Apriliyanti Rosa
Published: November 2020

The presence of the internet today makes it easy for users to carry out communication activities without limitation of distance and time. Even instant messaging such as WhatsApp, which has the primary function as a medium for communication, can be a mediator for self-existence and cannot be separated from its users to share daily activities through the WhatsApp Status feature. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Status feature on Instant Messaging WhatsApp as a mediator to show self-existence without distance and time limits based on media ecology theory. The method in this study is a qualitative method with purposive data collection techniques. Researchers also conducted interviews with seven informants who were students and workers. This study's results indicate that the presence of this feature affects various actions, perceptions, and communication experiences in society. Ecological media has the perspective that electronic media has radically changed society. In essence, society is very dependent on technology that uses media, and that the social order of a society is based on its ability to deal with these technologies. Media, in general, act directly to form and organize culture. Apart from that, ecological media also has assumptions about how technology affects society, include the distinction between hot and cold media.
Pengembalian Kerugian Korban Sebagai Akibat Investasi Ilegal oleh Koperasi
Authors: Raharjo Aldika Yafi
Published: November 2020

Maraknya tindak pidana yang berkaitan dengan investasi ilegal, telah banyak menimbulkan korban yang jumlah dan kerugiannya sangat besar. Salah satunya adalah praktik investasi ilegal yang dilakukan oleh Pengurus Koperasi Pandawa. Pemidanaan terhadap pelaku ternyata tidak memulihkan kerugian yang diderita oleh korban, oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian terkait “Pengembalian Kerugian Korban Yang Disebabkan Oleh Investasi Ilegal oleh Koperasi”. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi tipe penelitian yaitu penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual serta studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investasi ilegal merupakan suatu tindak pidana yang memenuhi unsur-unsur perbuatan yang dilarang yang terdapat dalam KUHP, Undang Undang Perbankan, Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 tentang Perdagangan, Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pencegahan Dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang serta penanggungjawabannya dalam hal koperasi sebagai pelaku investasi ilegal maka pengurusnya yang harus bertanggungjawab. Mekanisme pengembalian dana melalui peradilan pidana di indonesia terdapat kekosongan hukum yang menyebabkan terjadinya kerugian korban tidak kembali seutuhnya atau tidak kembali sama sekali .berdasarkan penelitian ini dan pemerintah sebagai pelindung dan penjamin hak warga negaranya perlu mengatur cara pengembalian kerugian korban demi kepastian hukum dalam suatu negara. Terkait mekanisme pemulihan kerugian korban oleh karena tidak adanya ketentuan yang secara khusus mengatur maka pengaturannya menggunakan: ketentuan Pasal 98 KUHAP Pasal 14c ayat (1) KUHP Tentang Pedoman Pemulihan Aset melalui Pusat Pemulihan Aset (PPA), Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 7 Tahun 2018 tentang Pemberian Kompensasi, Restitusi, dan Bantuan Kepada Saksi Korban; Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pencegahan Dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Para Pihak Perkara Prostitusi Online Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana
Authors: Wijaya Jonathan Surya
Published: November 2020

Perkembangan teknologi berdampak positif bagi sebagian orang yang memanfaatkannya untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan dengan mudah. Begitu pula dengan dampak negatif dari segi perkembangan teknologi, salah satunya adalah pelayanan prostitusi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode doktrinal hukum dan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Kegiatan prostitusi hanya diatur dalam KUHP yang hanya dapat dikenakan pada mucikari saja. Sementara pihak lain seperti penyedia jasa dan pengguna jasa yang juga terlibat dalam kegiatan prostitusi, masih belum ada regulasi yang dapat menjerat keduanya. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa pengguna jasa prostitusi online masih belum dapat bertanggung jawab secara pidana karena belum adanya undang-undang yang dapat menjangkau pengguna jasa prostitusi online. Untuk itu perlu adanya reformasi kebijakan hukum pidana agar pencegahan kegiatan prostitusi online dapat dimaksimalkan.
Dynamic Steganography Least Significant Bit with Stretch on Pixels Neighborhood
Authors: Harahap Muhammad Khoiruddin , Khairina Nurul
Published: November 2020

Background: The confidentiality of a message may at times be compromised. Steganography can hide such a message in certain media. Steganographic media such as digital images have many pixels that can accommodate secret messages. However, the length of secret messages may not match with the number of image pixels so the messages cannot be inserted into the digital images.Objective: This research aims to see the dynamics between an image size and a secret message’s length in order to prevent out of range messages entered in an image.Methods: This research will combine the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method and the Stretch technique in hiding secret messages. The LSB method uses the 8th bit to hide secret messages. The Stretch technique dynamically enlarges the image size according to the length of the secret messages. Images will be enlarged horizontally on the rightmost image pixel block until n blocks of image pixels.Results: This study compares an original image size and a stego image size and examines a secret message’s length that can be accommodated by the stego image, as well as the Mean Square Error and Structure Similarity Index. The test is done by comparing the size change of the original image with the stego image from the Stretch results, where each original image tested always changes dynamically according to the increasing number of secret message characters. From the MSE and SSIM test results, the success was only with the first image, while the second image to the fourth image remained erroneous because they also did not have the same resolution.Conclusion:The combination of LSB steganography and the Stretch technique can enlarge an image automatically according to the number of secret messages to be inserted. For further research development, image stretch must not only be done horizontally but also vertically.
Conceptual Model for Cutoff Origin in Exotic Compact Objects
Authors: Rojas  Castillo Wilson Alexander , Arenas Salazar Jose Robel
Published: November 2020

We propose a conceptual model for the closeness parameter $\epsilon$, which characterizes exotic compact objects (ECOs). To estimate $\epsilon$, a thin spherical dust shell is considered, which gravitationally contracts from a specific position $r(t_{0})$ to near its gravitational radius $r(t_{2})=r_{s} + \epsilon$, in a finite time $t_{2}$, measured in the frame of a fiducial observer (FIDO). For an external observer, the shell’s kinematics is characterized by two clearly distinguishable phases: one of rapid contraction, where the shell is far away from the gravitational radius, $r(t_{0})\gg r_{s}$, and a second phase quasi-stationary, $r(t)\sim r_{s}$, where all of the shell’s mass is concentrated around the associated horizon, such that for a FIDO, a black hole (BH)is undistinguishable from a shell configured as a black shell (BS). \\ In the semi-classical approximation $E\ll \kappa_{0}l_{p}^{2}$ and tends to zero when the observation time of collapse $t_{2}$, measured by FIDO, tends to infinity; $\kappa_{0}$ and $l_{p}$ are surface gravity and Planck length, respectively. The quantum effects are significant when $\epsilon\ll r(t_{2})$ and $\epsilon$ tends to $\kappa_{0}l_{p}^{2}$. \\ Without knowing details on quantum gravity, parameter $\epsilon$ is calculated, which, in general, allows distinguishing the ECOs from BHs. Specifically, a BS (ECO) is undistinguishable from a BH.
Gut microbes in healthy dogs have individualized responses to synbiotic supplementation that lead to increased abundances of probiotic strains: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tanprasertsuk Jirayu , Jha Aashish R , Shmalberg Justin , Perry LeeAnn M , Maughan Heather , Honaker Ryan W
Published: November 2020

Background: Probiotics ameliorate gastrointestinal symptoms in dogs. However, the effect of probiotics in a healthy population, as well as factors contributing individualized responses, remains largely unknown. This trial examined gut microbiota (GM) and health outcomes in household dogs after synbiotic (SN) supplementation containing probiotics and inulin. Healthy dogs were randomized to receive SN (50 mg/d inulin and 20 billion total CFU/d of L. reuteri, P. acidilactici, E. faecium, L. acidophilus, B. animalis, L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus) or placebo (PL) for 4 weeks. Owners completed a health survey and collected stool samples for GM profiling (metagenomic sequencing) at baseline and week 4 in both groups, and at week 6 in the SN group.Results: A significant shift (p<0.001) in β-diversity was observed in the SN (n=24), but not PL group (n=19), relative to baseline at week 4. Forty-five bacterial species, 43 (96%) of which were Lactobacillales, showed an increase in the abundances (≥2 fold change, adjusted p<0.05) at week 4. E. coli also decreased at week 4 in the SN group (2.8 folds, adjusted p<0.01). The altered taxa largely returned to baseline at week 6. The degree of changes in the β-diversity was associated with GM at baseline. Specifically, dogs with higher Proteobacteria and lower Lactobacillales responded more robustly to supplementation. Dogs fed SN tended to have lower diarrhea incidence (0% vs 16%, p=0.08).Conclusions: SN supplement had an impact on the change of gut microbiota in healthy household dogs as characterized with metagenomic sequencing. Findings warrant further investigation with longer duration or in populations at risk of gastrointestinal diseases. The magnitude of response to the supplement was associated with microbial profile at baseline. To our knowledge, this is the first study documenting such association that may provide a basis of personalized nutrition in companion dogs.
Enhancing the Reporting Quality of Meta-Analyses for Trustworthy Decision of Breast Cancer Intervention: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Zhu Bo , Lin Shanshan , Zhang Wei , Kwong Joey S.W. , Xu Chang , Jia Pengli
Published: November 2020

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Cardio Vascular Disease Among General People Residing in Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal 
Authors: Tharu Ramesh Prasad , Rawal Shirya
Published: November 2020

Background: Cardio vascular disease (CVD) is a group of disorders of heart and blood vessels. It is the leading cause of death not only in developed but also in developing countries like Nepal. However, knowledge and attitude about risk factors of CVD have not yet studied in mid-western part of Nepal. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of CVD among general people residing in Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. The pre-tested structured and self-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data during the month of July to August 2019, and analysed using SPSS software version 21. The descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies, percentage, mean SD. Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression (MNLR) analysis were used to identify the statistically significant factors associated with knowledge and attitude.Results: Of total 150 subjects, 23.3%, 40.7% and 36.0% of the respondents respectively had good, average and poor knowledge. Likewise, 51.3% had unfavourable, 36.0% neutral and 12.7% favourable attitude towards risk factors of CVD. MNLR analysis revealed that education, gender and profession were significant predictor variables in association with the level of CVD knowledge and attitude: illiterates were 67% less likely (AOR = 0.330, 95% CI: 0.117–0.929, P = 0.036 < 0.05) to have good knowledge about risk factors of CVD compared with literates. Participants having government jobs were 12.673 times more likely (AOR = 12.673, 95% CI: 1.475–108.884, P = 0.021 < 0.05) to have good knowledge compared to those participants involving in agriculture. Males were 69.9% less likely (AOR = 0.301, 95% CI: 0.140–0.648, P = 0.002 < 0.05) to have unfavourable attitude in comparison to female over neutral attitude, and illiterates were 4.158 times more likely(AOR = 4.158, 95% CI: 1.707–10.128, P = 0.002< 0.05) to have unfavourable attitude more than literates. Conclusion: The findings of the study concluded that, the knowledge about CVD was adequate among general people, however the attitude was unfavourable. Thus, health awareness campaigns such as NTCP, DMP, MMMP needs to be implemented to develop knowledge and improve in attitude about risk factors of CVD.