bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Độc tính cấp và bán trường diễn của viên nén Ích Niệu Khang trên thực nghiệm
Authors: Hoàn Vũ Minh , Tú Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Published: April 2024

Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định độc tính cấp và độc tính bán trường diễn của viên nén Ích Niệu Khang trên thực nghiệm. Nghiên cứu độc tính cấp trên chuột nhắt chủng Swiss bằng phương pháp Litchfield - Wilcoxon. Nghiên cứu độc tính bán trường diễn trên chuột cống trắng chủng Wistar theo hướng dẫn của Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy với liều cao nhất chuột có thể dung nạp được (liều 31,5 g/kg thể trọng chuột - gấp 41,66 lần liều dùng dự kiến trên người) chưa xác định được LD50 trên chuột nhắt trắng bằng đường uống. Viên nén Ích Niệu Khang không gây độc tính bán trường diễn trên chuột cống trắng với liều 0,378 g/kg/ngày thể trọng chuột/ngày (liều tương đương liều lâm sàng) và liều 1,134 g/kg/ngày (liều gấp 3 lần liều lâm sàng) trong 4 tuần liên tục uống thuốc. Tất cả các chỉ số theo dõi về tình trạng chung, cân nặng, chức năng tạo máu, chức năng gan, chức năng thận đều nằm trong giới hạn bình thường, mô bệnh học gan, thận không có sự khác biệt so với lô chứng.
Độc tính cấp và bán trường diễn của viên nén Vương Đường Khang trên thực nghiệm
Authors: Hoàn Vũ Minh , Tú Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Published: April 2024

Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định độc tính cấp và độc tính bán trường diễn của viên nén Vương Đường Khang trên thực nghiệm. Nghiên cứu độc tính cấp trên chuột nhắt chủng Swiss bằng phương pháp Litchfield – Wilcoxon. Nghiên cứu độc tính bán trường diễn trên chuột cống trắng chủng Wistar theo hướng dẫn của Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy với liều cao nhất chuột có thể dung nạp được (liều  26,25 g/kg thể trọng chuột - gấp 36,45 lần liều dùng dự kiến trên người) chưa xác định được LD50 trên chuột nhắt trắng bằng đường uống. Viên nén Vương Đường Khang không gây độc tính bán trường diễn trên chuột cống trắng với liều  0,36 g/kg/ngày (liều tương đương liều lâm sàng) và liều 1,08 g/kg/ngày (liều gấp 3 lần liều lâm sàng) trong 90 ngày liên tục uống thuốc. Tất cả các chỉ số theo dõi về tình trạng chung, cân nặng, chức năng tạo máu, chức năng gan, chức năng thận đều nằm trong giới hạn bình thường, mô bệnh học gan, thận không có sự khác biệt so với lô chứng.
Xoắn đại tràng sigma ở trẻ em: Nhân một trường hợp và điểm qua y văn thế giới
Authors: Linh Nguyễn Văn , Lâm Bùi Văn
Published: April 2024

Xoắn đại tràng sigma là một bệnh lý hiếm gặp do đó việc chẩn đoán và điều trị còn gặp nhiều khó khăn. Chúng tôi báo cáo một trường hợp xoắn đại tràng sigma và điểm qua y văn thế giới. Bệnh nhân nam 15 tuổi, tiền sử táo bón 1 đợt 3 tháng cách đây 3 năm đã điều trị ổn định, đợt này vào viện trong bệnh cảnh tắc ruột cấp tính, được chẩn đoán tắc ruột nghi do bã thức ăn và được phẫu thuật cấp cứu. Trong mổ, thấy nguyên nhân tắc ruột là xoắn đại tràng sigma chưa hoại tử. Chúng tôi tiến hành cắt đại tràng sigma nối ngay. Bệnh nhân được cho ăn sau 6 ngày và ra viện sau 8 ngày điều trị. Theo dõi sau mổ 1 tháng, thấy bệnh nhân có sức khỏe tốt, đại tiện bình thường. Cần nghĩ đến xoắn đại tràng sigma trong những trường hợp tắc ruột cấp tính hoặc tái phát. Phẫu thuật cắt đại tràng sigma là phương pháp điều trị triệt để.
Nghiên cứu tình trạng thừa cân, béo phì trên bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Y học cổ truyền Cần Thơ năm 2023
Authors: Hoàng Lê Minh , Tươi Châu Thị Kim , Tiên Nguyễn Thị Bích
Published: April 2024

Đái tháo đường là một trong những bệnh không lây nhiễm phổ biến trên toàn cầu. Dự đoán vào năm 2045, con số này sẽ tăng tới khoảng 700 triệu người. Tác động của đái tháo đường týp 2 làm gia tăng tỷ lệ tử vong, giảm chất lượng cuộc sống và là gánh nặng kinh tế cho bản thân, gia đình, xã hội. Tỷ lệ đái tháo đường gia tăng liên quan đến tần suất thừa cân, béo phì tăng trong cộng đồng. Kiểm soát thừa cân béo phì trên bệnh nhân đái tháo đường týp 2 sẽ giảm thiểu nguy cơ tiến triển và biến chứng bệnh. Đây là nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán đái tháo đường týp 2 đang điều trị nội trú tại Bệnh viện Y học cổ truyền Cần Thơ năm 2023. Kết quả cho thấy rằng tỷ lệ bệnh nhân thừa cân, béo phì chiếm 75,5%. Đối tượng thuộc độ tuổi 60 - 70 tuổi chiếm 71,2%. Tỷ lệ nam chiếm 52,3% cao hơn nữ 47,7%. Đối tượng tập thể dục không đạt theo khuyến nghị nguy cơ thừa cân, béo phì cao gấp 0,376 so với nhóm tập thể dục đạt. Đối tượng có tốc độ ăn chậm có nguy cơ thừa cân béo phì gấp 0,604 lần so với nhóm đối tượng nghiên cứu ăn nhanh (p < 0,05).
The influence of information systems on student satisfaction: A study of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness
Authors: Giang Nguyen Thi Thuy , Nga Phan Thi Hang
Published: April 2024

Digital transformation in education has created opportunities for teaching methods to evolve through the application of new technology. The purpose of the study was to identify the factors that influence the satisfaction of university students with online learning. A survey was conducted on 609 students in Ho Chi Minh City, and the collected data was analyzed using the Partial Least Square Regression model. The study found that both system quality and information quality are crucial in determining the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of online learning systems. The results also revealed that perceived ease of use and usefulness positively impact students' overall satisfaction with online learning. The study recommends that educational institutions take these factors into account when designing online courses to meet learning objectives and ensure that students are satisfied with their learning experience.
Tablets containing açaí (Euterpe spp.) dried extract for dietary supplementation: A study of functional properties
Authors: ARELLANO Lenin Fernández , DA COSTA Russany SILVA , CONCEIÇÃO Edemilson Cardoso da , RIBEIRO-COSTA Roseane Maria , SILVA JUNIOR José Otávio Carrera
Published: April 2024

Açaí is a very popular functional food in the Amazon due to its nutritional properties, its high caloric value, and its high content of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds, which mainly confers antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, this study aimed at the development of immediate-release tablets containing açaí dried extract by direct compression. The extract was subjected to physical evaluation of the powder, quantification of total polyphenol (TP) content (mg EAG/g), total anthocyanin content (mg C3G/100 g), cyanidin-3-rutinoside marker (µg C3R/g) by LC-MS, obtention of the tablet, and their physical-mechanical evaluation. Açaí dried extract showed spherical shape particles, with smooth and rough surfaces and heterogeneous sizes, which are characteristic of dried powders when obtained by spray drying. In addition, the extract presented TP content (23.307± 2.190 mg EAG/g), total anthocyanins (10.52 mg C3G/100 g), and cyanidin-3-rutinoside (42 µg C3R/g). Tablets had good mechanical properties, good thermal stability under 200°C, and 3.65 µg C3R/g of cyanidin-3-rutinoside content per tablet unit. The results obtained in this study showed the possibility of obtaining tablets containing açaí dried extract with good mechanical properties and antioxidant activity aiming its use as a dietary supplement.
Effect of physical characteristics of coffee grain (Coffea arabica L.) cultivated in Temascaltepec, state of Mexico, on the roasting process
Authors: GAONA ULAJE Guillermo , MARTÍNEZ-DE LA CRUZ Isabel , MARIEZCURRENA BERASAIN María Dolores , RUBÍ ARRIAGA Martín , NAVA VILLENA Anaid
Published: April 2024

The Finca the Illusion produces coffee that earned second place in the 2018 and fourth place in the 2019 and 2021 “Cup of Excellence Mexico” competitions (represented by technician Federico Barrueta). Due to the scarce physicochemical and organoleptic information on coffee from the southern region of the State of Mexico, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and sensory characteristics of coffee (Coffea arabica L. var. Caturra Rojo) grown at Finca the Illusion in Temascaltepec, State of Mexico. A completely randomized design was established with two treatments (Finca the Illusion and Finca Soconusco) and three repetitions (350 g each). The variables analyzed in the coffee were defects, percentage of defect-free grain, density, moisture, water activity, and sensory evaluation of the beverage. At Finca the Illusion, the main defect was fungal damage, which can be prevented with proper practices during the collection of coffee cherry and classification of green coffee. The moisture (10.1%), density (0.69 kg/L), and water activity value (0.51) were within the optimal range. The roasting was medium-light, and the cupping score was 86, corresponding to an Excellent Specialty Origin coffee.
INFLUENCE OF PROTEIN-MINERAL ADDITIVES ON THE QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MINTING SYSTEM OF MINUTE SEMI-FINISHED MEAT PRODUCTS
Authors: Akimova D. A. , Kakimov A. K. , Yesimbekov Zh. S.
Published: April 2024

Proteins from hydrolysates of the collagen-containing component have the properties of biological substances and can be used as active components of functional food products. The development of chopped semi-finished meat products using collagen hydrolysates from secondary products of the poultry processing industry is a promising direction in the food industry. The paper presents the results of a study of the influence of a protein-mineral additive from chicken legs (BMD) on the quality characteristics of the minced meat system of minced semi-finished meat products. BMD is obtained by finely grinding chicken legs, using various processing methods and drying to a powdery state. Several types of minced meat systems have been developed. A comparative analysis of the chemical composition and functional and technological properties of minced meat systems was carried out. The feasibility of mechanical and biotechnological methods of influencing secondary poultry products in order to obtain a protein-mineral additive (PMD) and its use in the production of meat products has been experimentally confirmed. Based on the conducted research, we can conclude that replacing wheat bread in the recipes of chopped semi-finished products with BMD helps to increase the protein content. The sample with the addition of a protein-mineral additive containing flax flour has the highest protein content of 26.83%, which exceeds the protein content in the control sample by 5.4%; the addition of BMD with barley flour exceeds the protein content in the control sample by 4.4%. These samples of semi-finished products had lower losses during heat treatment and received high scores during organoleptic evaluation.
TECHNOLOGY OF BAKERY PRODUCTS BY FUNCTIONAL DIRECTION
Authors: Alashbayeva L. Zh. , Borankulova A. S. , Tursunbayeva Sh. A. , Nurgozhina Zh. K. , Bayaly A. A.
Published: April 2024

Whole grain breads and gluten-free bread products are commonly associated with crumbly texture, poor color, low volume, poor flavor, and short shelf life, possibly due to a weak or absent cohesive network that forms gluten. Thus, some defects in dietary bread in the functional direction are associated with ineffective gas retention and expansion during kneading, which leads to a decrease in the volume and softness of the crumb. The current challenge of the work is to overcome these limitations.The recipe for a new range of whole grain bread and gluten-free bakery products has been created. The technology for whole grain bread and gluten-free bakery products based on mixed flour has been improved. A scientific assessment of the percentage of necessary substances in the physical and chemical composition of the flour taken for research was carried out. Experimental baking of bread was carried out in laboratory conditions, as a result of which, through mathematical modeling, three types of samples of bread products were selected, the most optimal in terms of recipe. In this work, the recipes of selected samples of bakery products, technological regimes taken into account when developing a new product, organoleptic and physicochemical properties of the finished product are determined and discussed. The color of the samples is uniform, the surface color of the product is brown, the bread is soft, medium-porous, the bread is soft and elastic, without foreign odors, the taste harmoniously matches the bread product. The bread meets the requirements of current regulatory documents.
QUALITY OF MARE'S MILK AND KOUMISS
Authors: Rakhmatulina A. B. , Dikhanbayeva F. T. , Abuova A. B. , Kalemshariv B. , Yessenova A. B.
Published: April 2024

Nowadays mare's milk and koumiss are in great demand in Kazakhstan. Therefore, the study of its qualitative indicators is relevant.In the article the physical and chemical parameters and vitamin content (B and C groups) of mare's milk and koumiss samples taken from peasant farms of Almaty region in the fall-winter period are studied in a comparative form.The study showed that mare's milk samples had no significant difference in total protein mass fraction in the fall and winter. In mass fraction terms of fat in the sample obtained in the fall the fat content was 2.18% higher than in the sample obtained in winter. And the mass fraction of lactose in the sample obtained in the fall was 0.14% higher than in the sample obtained in winter.According to the study results of obtained koumiss samples’ physical and chemical parameters in the fall and winter periods, the mass fraction of protein was 1.86-1.89%. Fat content of koumiss proportion prepared in the fall period was 1.84%, in the winter period-2.19%, and the average mass fraction of lactose was from 3.64 to 3.98%.The content of water-soluble vitamins B and C in samples of mare's milk and koumiss was investigated. According to the study results the content of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5 B6 and C in the composition of mare's milk and koumiss obtained in the fall and winter periods was established.According to the general research results samples of mare's milk and koumiss products obtained from peasant farms of Almaty region have proven high quality, nutritious in food value and easily assimilated by human body.
DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW SAUSAGE PRODUCT USING NATURAL ADDITIVES OF PLANT ORIGIN
Authors: Sviderskaya D. , Shulenova A. M. , Krasnopyorova Ye.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the prospects of using natural vegetable raw materials as food additives in the meat processing industry using the example of a new sausage product.The need to create such products arose as a result of the current situation with the use of a huge number of artificial food additives in the production of meat products, which allow manufacturers using cheap prescription ingredients to create a wide range of products more flavorful, tastier, more attractive in appearance, with an extended shelf life.The negative effect of such additives on the human body has been proven by numerous and long-term studies of domestic and foreign scientists. Therefore, in order to preserve and maintain the health of consumers, it is necessary to study the possibilities of using various plant raw materials, which, in addition to containing a large number of various useful substances, have the ability to exhibit those properties due to which artificial additives are used, for example, enhancing taste, aroma, suppression of pathogenic microflora, formation of the structure of the finished product, fixation of coloring, etc.In this regard, we have proposed a new sausage product with attractive organoleptic characteristics, intended for a wide range of consumers and for which a patent for a utility model has been obtained.
CITY TRAFFIC SIMULATION ON MICROSERVICES
Authors: Zholmyrza B. N. , Smaiyl A. M.
Published: April 2024

Population growth and urbanization in Kazakhstan have led to significant traffic management problems in large urban areas. Initiatives such as intelligent road systems, real-time traffic information, and traffic management have been implemented to address these issues. However, congestion and delays remain as major problems. Effective traffic modeling is necessary to understand traffic patterns, identify bottlenecks, and implement effective solutions for reducing congestion. Microservice architecture has recently become a trend owing to its advantages, and the authors of this paper propose the use of microservices for urban traffic modeling to solve these problems. In this study, any moving object between two points: a car, a bicyclist, or a pedestrian – was presented as an actor. Each actor is represented as a microservice. They communicate their movements through city microservice. After sending their movements, a red line is displayed on the map, indicating their travel paths. This solution helps to simulate movement more realistically because each microservice is independent and can move randomly.
EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF SALTY SOFT CHEESE WITH THE ADDITION OF A VEGETABLE COMPONENT
Authors: Kyrykbaeva S. T. , Kalibekkyzy Z. , Mayorov A. A. , Kapshakbayeva Z. V. , Zhakupbekova S. K.
Published: April 2024

The article describes the course of cooking soft salty cheese with the addition of a vegetable component and conducted special studies, product reviews, product quality indicators.The results of the study of physico-chemical, microbiological parameters, physico-chemical parameters of soft salted cheese with the addition of a vegetable component are presented. One of the most important indicators in determining the quality of raw materials and choosing them as raw materials for further processing are its physico-chemical properties and organoleptic characteristics. Microbiological parameters of soft salted cheese, including physico-chemical parameters, were studied in laboratory conditions.In order to produce cheese of guaranteed quality, studies of hop safety parameters were carried out, as well as the physico-chemical composition of dairy raw materials was studied. The stage of administration of the plant extract has been determined.An effective cheese recipe has also been developed. The amount of special sauce for storing the finished product was also calculated, which indicates that the soft cheese dipped in the sauce has a long shelf life and tastes very pleasant.All studies were conducted in the laboratory of the Institute of Cheese Making at the Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology in Barnaul (Russia) and were taken into account according to a special protocol.
OPTIMISATION OF MOGAR GRAIN COOKING METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF FOOD CONCENTRATE «TALCAN»
Authors: Kuzembayeva G. K. , Kuzembayev K. , Tlevlessova D. A. , Nabiyeva Zh. S. , Kulushtayeva B. M.
Published: April 2024

The possibility of using mogar grain for the production of food concentrates based on the traditional national dish "Talkan" is considered. "Talkan" is a national food concentrate that has been used for centuries as a staple food for long-distance trekking by representatives of various cultures. Traditionally, talkan is prepared from various cereals, especially millet, wheat and barley. Adding boiling water and butter makes a hearty porridge, and adding butter and sugar makes a delicious dessert.The difficulty lies in the careful handling and preparation of the mogar grain. When cooked intensively, the grain can easily overcook, resulting in all the valuable nutrients being leached into the broth. In addition, improperly prepared mogar can burn during further roasting. To determine the optimal parameters of mogar hydrothermal treatment and to create a high-quality food concentrate based on the national dish "Talkan", a complex experiment was conducted using modern methods of experiment planning.The experiment tested a number of variables including temperature limits and duration of cooking, as well as temperature, duration and intensity of stirring during drying and roasting of mogar. The study showed that the most favourable conditions for mogar grain include cooking at an initial temperature of 15-20 °C for about 60 minutes, gradually reaching 100°C.The established methods of hydrothermal treatment served as a basis for the development of specialised equipment for the preparation of mogar grain to produce tulkan.
CHARACTERISATION AND PROCESSING ALTERNATIVES OF MILK WHEY
Authors: Abish Zh. A. , Alibekov R. S. , Orymbetovа G. E. , Kobzhasarova Z. I. , Kassymova M. K.
Published: April 2024

Nowadays, much attention is being paid to a more complete and rational use of all components of milk in the process of its industrial processing. The purpose of this work were to study secondary dairy raw materials (curd whey and cheese whey) and use them for further processing. This paper presents data on the composition of whey: physico-chemical parameters of whey and mineral composition and further prospects for the processing of whey. The demand for whey in the world is growing. This is mainly because whey is used in various industries: food, feed industry, etc. The development of the manufacturing sector in most developing countries generates demand for food ingredients, primarily for the production of functional nutrition. Increased consumption of meat products is a major factor in the development of the feed industry. Whey is often used to produce high-quality balanced feeds. Due to its composition, whey is a promising basis for obtaining functional food products. The results of the physicochemical analyses showed that the composition of the whey (cheese and curd) consists of the primary and most valuable components and also the nutritional value of whey, such a milk, which characterized by harmlessness, high quality, good digestibility, optimal ratio of nutrients, sufficient calorie content, biological also physiological usefulness. In addition, cheese whey contains potassium, which accounts for 16,70%, calcium – 14,14%, and main macronutrients of the curd whey are calcium – 26,08%, and phosphorus 18,40%. Based on the results, it can be concluded that this determines the expediency of using whey in the production of functional foods.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF FERMENTED MILK STARTER CULTURE ON BUTTER QUALITY INDICATORS
Authors: Smolnikova F. H. , Naurzbayeva G. , Zhumanova G. , Kambarova A. , Atambayeva Jh.
Published: April 2024

Butter production in Kazakhstan is gaining growth, the food market is represented by a diverse range of sweet and creamy butters, butters with fillers, which are produced by oil processing enterprises. This article presents research on the development of sour-cream butter with functional properties, studies have been conducted on the influence of fermented milk crops on oil quality indicators during storage. Standard methods were used in three-fold repetition to conduct the research. Various types of fermented milk starter cultures were studied, and models of butter recipes with starter cultures were compiled. Fermented milk ferments were introduced into the butter layer during thermomechanical processing. The results of the study showed that it is recommended to use the bacterial starter culture of EM Kurungа for the production of butter. The butter quality indicators were studied using this starter culture. The introduction of a starter culture in an amount of 3% allows you to get a product with the best characteristics, the value of the acid number is within the normal range for sour cream butter and allows you to maintain the quality of the product for 60 days. The finished product had positive organoleptic properties, shelf life and can be recommended for functional nutrition.
MODELING OF A POTENTIOMETRIC LEVEL SENSOR AND ERROR ASSESSMENT
Authors: Smirnov A. P. , Ritter E. S. , Savostin A. A. , Ritter D. V. , Moldakhmetov S. S.
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the principle of operation of a potentiometric level meter for measuring the level of an electrically conductive liquid in a vessel. An electrically conductive liquid is measured by an indirect method in a grounded tank. The device consists of a sensor with low electrical resistance, an alternator, a metal vessel wall and a small signal amplifier.The nonlinearity of the transfer function does not allow the measured values of the sensor to be used without preliminary linearization. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sensor model in an electrically conductive liquid and determine factors affecting the accuracy of level measurement.To assess the accuracy of measurements, the article presents a model of the electric field inside the electrolyte created by a sensor of a potentiometric level meter in a vessel with a cylindrical wall. Numerical methods based on the finite element method are used to calculate potentials and currents inside the electrolyte. The finite element model and the finite element grid allows to consider the transfer of potentials between finite elements.It is shown that the level measurement error in a potentiometric level meter has an unacceptable value and depends on the liquid level and on the location of the level meter.Based on the obtained model, the factors influencing the measured value of the liquid level were determined and the absolute and relative measurement errors were calculated. Further steps have also been identified to improve the accuracy of measuring the level gauge.
Farklı Gıda Gruplarında Pirolizidin Alkaloidlerin Varlığı ve Yasal Regülasyonların İncelenmesi
Authors: Gül Hazal , Nakilcioğlu Emine , Ötleş Semih
Published: April 2024

Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda, birçok gıda ürünlerinde yüksek düzeyde pirolizidin alkaloitleri (PA) tespit edilmiş ve bunların gıda güvenliği açısından endişe verici bir sorun olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Bugüne kadar farklı gıda matrislerinde PA'ların oluşumuna ilişkin verilerin toplanmasının yanı sıra bu bileşiklerin düşük konsantrasyon seviyelerinin belirlenmesini sağlayan hassas analitik yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. PA’lar ve bunların N-oksitleri (PANO), ağırlıklı olarak bitkisel çaylarda, ballarda, gıda takviyelerinde ve baharatlarda bulunan toksik ikincil metabolitlerdir. PA'ların ve onların N-oksit türevlerinin gelişimsel toksisite sergilediği ve hepatotoksik, pnömotoksik ve kanserojen olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu nedenle, bu bileşiklerin doğru bir şekilde tanımlanması ve miktarlarının belirlenmesi için uygun şekilde doğrulanabilen hassas ve seçici analitik yöntemlerin geliştirilmesi yoluyla gıdalardaki oluşumlarının kontrol edilmesi önemlidir. Söz konusu gıda güvenliği sorununu ele almak için bu alkaloitlerle kontamine olması muhtemel gıda ürünleri için maksimum konsantrasyon limitleri düzenlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, söz konusu alkaloidlerin toplum tarafından tüketim limitlerinin güvenilir biçimde değerlendirilmesi amacıyla gıda işleme ve seyreltme faktörleri ile ilgili araştırmalar devam etmektedir. Bu derlemede, PA'ların kimyasal yapısı, sınıflandırılması, toksisitesi, farklı gıda gruplarındaki oluşumu, kontaminasyon yolları ve regülasyonların incelenmesi gibi genel hususlara ilişkin bir bakış sunulmaktadır.
A Qualitative Study: Issue(s) of Stray Animal(s) in Turkey from the Point of View of Volunteers
Authors: Tandoğan Okşan
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to reveal the issue of stray animals from the volunteers’ viewpoint and determine the views and suggestions of volunteers who struggle for the rights of stray animals in Turkey. For this, a study based on qualitative research techniques was carried out with participants who voluntarily work for stray animals. Among the qualitative research patterns, case study pattern, semi-structured interview as data gathering tool, among nonprobable choice method, snowball method as data gathering tool were chosen. All the data which were acquired with semi-structured profoundly interviews were analyzed by descriptive analyzing method. This study does not reveal that fact issue of stray animals in cities of Turkey but reveals the issues of stray animals themselves and also the volunteers who have been striving for stray animals voluntarily. The issue of stray animals in Turkey is rooted mainly in local governments’ executions. It is emphasized one more time that the current executions of local governments are inadequate to be able to solve the issues of stray animals. The most important cause for this is that local governments’ not having applied the process of sterilization effectively and thus, the population of stray animals cannot be taken under control. The other significant causes are inefficiency of animal shelters run by local governments during the treatment, the unawareness of the people in the public and the nonlegal applications done by the local governments through stray animals. According to the volunteers, this issue can be handled by the state. The solution for this issue is effective sterilization and the rising awareness of the people. Eventually, it does not matter whether the solution for the issues about stray animals or the solution for issues which stray animals face, local and central governments have plenty of duties. But the main actor for this is the central government.
Pürüzsüz ve pürüzlü kabuk yapısına sahip ağaçlarda gövdeden akışın karşılaştırılması
Authors: İnan Zehra , Şensoy Hüseyin , Bolat İlyas
Published: April 2024

Giriş ve Hedefler Hidrolojik döngünün önemli bir parçası olan intersepsiyon üzerinde açık alana düşen toplam yağış, orman altı yağış ve gövdeden akış bileşenleri belirleyicidir. Bu bileşenlerden biri olan gövdeden akışı etkileyen birçok etmen bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan bir tanesi de kabuk özellikleridir. Özellikle pürüzsüz ve pürüzlü kabuklar yağmurun gövdeden akarak yere ulaşmasında belirleyici olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada pürüzsüz (Carpinus betulus L.) ve pürüzlü (Quercus cerris L.) gövde kabuğuna sahip ağaçların gövdeden akış değerlerinin belirlenmesi ve sonuçların karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler Gövdeden akış, birey ağaçların gövdesine sarmal şekilde yerleştirilen plastik oluklardan gelen yağmurun, ağzı kapalı bir toplama tankında biriktirilmesiyle tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma alanına düşen toplam yağmur miktarının belirlenmesinde orman içinde uygun bir açıklığa tesis edilen yağışölçer kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular Çalışma süresince gövdeden akış üreten sekiz yağış sonrasında toplam 175,4 mm yağmur düşmüştür. Toplam on ağaçtan sekiz yağmur olayı sonrasında elde edilen veriler, kabuk pürüzlülüğünün gövdeden akışa etki ettiğini ortaya koymuştur (p
Prototype Model Of Intercultural Teaching Materials For Drama Subjects To Support The Completeness Of Educator Administration In The Learning Process
Authors: Eripuddin Eripuddin , Jufrizal Jufrizal , Agustina Agustina
Published: April 2024

Despite their lack of confidence, the professors still need self-help materials to help them learn English as a Foreign Language. They need these materials to understand the cultural gap between English and students. This project aims to develop instructional handouts based on an intercultural learning model applicable to the Drama discipline. The research design used the ADDIE model, which stands for Analysis, Design and Development, in addition to Interviews, Questionnaires and Observations. This method employed R&D methods to create intercultural learning materials like handouts. It also utilized a questionnaire, interview and checklist to gather data. Students and lecturers need to use intercultural learning materials to combine the similarities and differences between English and Malay cultures. This is because these separate cultures make it difficult for students and teachers to perform drama in the classroom. With suitable material, students and teachers can more easily bridge this cultural gap, namely the existence of intercultural teaching materials for drama subjects that are reliable, practical, effective and support the completeness of educator administration in teaching.
Belonging in Higher Education: A Twenty Year Systematic Review
Authors: Allen Kelly-Ann , Slaten Chris , Hong Soeun , Lan Ma , Craig Heather , May Fiona , Counted Victor
Published: April 2024

Belonging is more than just a buzzword; it is a critical factor that affects students’ academic engagement, motivation, persistence, and overall achievement, especially considering the diversity of students in educational settings. The goal of this paper is to dissect the complexities of belonging, examining its various determinants, the diverse impacts it has on student university populations, and the range of strategies that effectively nurture this sense of belonging. We conducted literature search in August 2023 using the Web of Science database, focusing exclusively on publications from the Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice. We used a combination of keywords like ‘belonging’, ‘university belonging’, ‘social belonging’, and other related terms, ensuring a comprehensive collection of relevant studies. A total of 133 articles were identified, with 77 selected for detailed full-text review. The final selection process resulted in 33 articles for the systematic review. Key results from our review indicate that belonging in higher education involves four main themes: connectedness to peers, staff, and the institution; feeling safe and part of the community; being valued and accepted; and embracing diversity and inclusion. These themes reflect a holistic understanding of belonging as a multi-dimensional concept, significantly influenced by institution-wide approaches, inclusive environments, educator practices, and quality relationships. The variation of belonging experiences identifies key challenges such as exclusion of diverse groups, lack of connection opportunities, and insufficient support relationships. Effective strategies for fostering belonging include targeting multiple system levels, building relationships, employing diverse educator practices, leveraging technology and creating inclusive environments.
A Decade of Social Media for Learning: A Systematic Review
Authors: Purvis Alison , Beckingham Sue
Published: April 2024

Since the emergence of social media in the early 2000’s, innovative educators have sought ways to utilise, adapt, and maximise the opportunities for learning within social networking and collaborative online spaces. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyse the work published on social media for learning in the Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice (JUTLP) over the 20-year life of the journal to date. We summarise the current evidence on the use of social media for learning and document how the field has evolved and changed since its emergence as a pedagogical theme. We explore themes for the use of social media for learning, key challenges, how the use of social media has changed over time, and we look at specific types of papers that contribute to the original research on social media for learning. We achieved this through a systematic review 3-step process: 1) scoping and understanding the review context and research questions, 2) undertaking methods using an established approach for a systematic and quality assessment of the literature, and 3) undertaking a thorough thematic analysis of the empirical evidence from the systematic review papers to provide meaningful outcomes and recommendations. This robust approach resulted in the analysis of 11 papers and exploration of 4 key themes: Computer mediated communication, digital capabilities, and confidence, learning community, and social media pedagogy. Finally, we make recommendations that aim to benefit both editors and authors of JUTLP, and editors and authors more generally.
‘Learning to Be Human’: The Paradigm of Oakeshott’s Epistemology and Islamic Theory of Knowledge
Authors: Muhammad Iqbal Shah  , Dr. Ali RazaTahir
Published: April 2024

Michael Oakeshott’s epistemology revolves around the concept of Modes of the understanding of the meanings of the world. These meanings had been mediated by our forefathers and had been descended to us through generation to generations. The whole of these meanings is the common capital for all human beings irrespective of terrestrial affiliation or adherence to any theology or association to any race. Without learning the meanings, we are just a bipod specie or Homo Erectus and Homo Sapiens but not ‘Beings Human’. Thus he founded his epistemology on concept of ‘learning to be human’ and he made a difference between a ‘human being’ and ‘being human’.  Islamic teachings also support Oakeshott’s ideas regarding, Epistemology, Theory of Knowledge and educational Philosophy.
OFF-SEASON AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF THREE EXOTIC WATERMELON VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH-WESTERN REGION OF BANGLADESH
Authors: Remme Rahima Nusrat , Islam M M , Biswas S
Published: April 2024

The watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)] - a herbaceous, annual, and monoecious fruit - belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae and is usually cultivated in Bangladesh during the period from February to April. However, they may be grown year-round, and off-season watermelon cultivation is more profitable than seasonal farming. The research was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Khulna University from August to December, 2021 to evaluate the off-season agronomic performance of the selected three watermelon varieties viz. Kanya, Black Super, and Tripti. The experiment investigated both the vegetative and reproductive growth of watermelon following a Randomized Complete Block Design with five replications. Kanya had the longest vines with the most leaves, and nodes followed by Black Super and Tripti. All the watermelon cultivars were found to be similar in producing male flowers, while Black Super and Kanya produced more female flowers, and Black Super also produced the highest fruit yield (6.37 t ha-1), which was statistically similar to Kanya (5.84 t ha-1) and the lowest yield was obtained from Tripti (3.69 t ha-1).  Kanya performed better regarding fruit length (22.47 cm), fruit width (30.89 cm), and fruit weight (1.03 kg). Black Super scored the highest TSS (8.43) (Brix0) value, followed by Kanya (7.63) and Tripti (6.39). The amount of weight loss after the harvesting of fruits was less in Black Super, followed by Kanya and Tripti. Black Super had a longer recorded shelf life (28 days) than the other two varieties. The results of this study suggest that Black Super and Kanya can be grown during the off-season in the south-western region of Bangladesh.
Evaluation of Symmetry of Ventrodorsal Pelvic Radiographs in Dogs; A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yıldırım İsmail Gökçe
Published: April 2024

Pelvic radiographs in dogs have been used for assessments of pelvic bone, hip joint, and sacral bone in orthopaedic examinations. Thus, symmetric radiographs must be a goal to minimise medical errors. Despite the importance of symmetric radiographs, ventrodorsally pelvic radiographs are routinely evaluated using the symmetric appearance of the obturator foramen and wing of the ilium. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the symmetry of pelvic radiographs in dogs. For this purpose, 100 pelvic radiographs were reevaluated by linear, area, and circumference measurements. The differences in percentages were remarkable for width and area values for both the ilium and obturator foramen between the left and right sides. In terms of the difference in the percentage of iliac wing width, two-thirds of radiographs showed asymmetry up to 20% and higher in the remaining one-third of radiographs. The findings of this research indicate that completely symmetrical positioning on pelvic radiographs is often not obtained.
Isolation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Some Bacteria From The Gut of Honey Bees in Siirt Province of Türkiye
Authors: Gülaydın Özgül , Kahyaoğlu Mustafa , Gülaydın Ali
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmada, Siirt ili ve yöresinde bulunan bal arılarının bağırsak içeriklerinden bazı aerobik bakterilerin varlığı araştırıldı. Bakteriyel etkenler konvansiyonel bakteriyolojik yöntemlerle izole edildi ve ticari identifikasyon test kiti ile identifiye edildi. İzolatların antimikrobiyal duyarlılığı disk difüzyon testi ile belirlendi. Çalışmada en yüksek oranda izole edilen etkenlerin Staphylococcus spp. ve Klebsiella spp. olduğu ve bunu sırasıyla Bacillus spp. Izolatlarının izlediği belirlendi. GSBL ve plasmidik AmpC direnci 12 adet Gram negatif etkenin 6 (%50)’sında tespit edildi. Ayrıca Enterobacteriaceae izolatlarında imipenem direncinin yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Buna karşın Staphylococcus spp. izolatlarının çalışmada kullanılan antimikrobiyal maddelerin çoğuna duyarlı olduğu görüldü. Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin bal arıları ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalara katkı sağlayacağı düşünüldü.
Effects of Adding the Antiparallel Diodes in a Model of Solar Photovoltaic Cell: Theory and Pspice Simulations
Authors:   Department of Industrial Engineering and Maintenance, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo, Chad, Ali Ali Ramadan , Nediguina Mahamat Kher ,   Scientific facilitator in Cecoqda Ndjamena, Ndjamena, Chad, Gouajio Marinette Jeutho ,   Department of Fundamental and Transversal Sciences, National Advanced School of Public Works, Yaoundé, Cameroon, Abanda André ,   Department of Civil Engineering, National Advanced Polytechnical School of Douala, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon, Simo Hervé ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon, Adile Adoum Danao ,   Department of Industrial Engineering and Maintenance, Polytechnic University of Mongo, Mongo, Chad, Kenmogne Fabien ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Advanced Teacher Training College of the Technical Education, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
Published: April 2024

Background: The photovoltaic (PV) array consisting of modules is considered as the fundamental electrical power conversion unit of the PV generator system. The PV array has nonlinear characteristics with the current-voltage (I-V) characteristic in the exponential form introduced by diodes. In this context, the key objective of the research carried out in the present study is to propose a novel PV cell, with anti-parallel diodes introduced in the circuit model in place of the single diode. Objective: The objective of this research is to compare the effects, magnitudes of current and power generated by the PV cell, with antiparallel diodes to those with single diodes. Methods: The model circuit containing two antiparallel diodes is first designed, and then analyzed through the circuit Equationuations found using the Kirchhoff’s laws. The I-V characteristics are modified in the hyperbolic sine form, and the model Equationuation is solved analytically and numerically using the MATLAB software. The analytical and numerical investigations are then confirmed by Pspice simulation, which is made possible with the introduction of additional bloc necessary to make the output signal voltage tunable in the opened circuit. Results: The I-V characteristic is plotted showing that when the voltage is lower than a particular, the model containing the antiparallel diode has the increasing of current, while that with single diode has constant current. Additionally the current generated by the PV cell oscillates increasingly when the supplied signal voltage is negative. We also found that the maximum power increases with the temperature. The expression of the cutoff signal voltage leading to zero current was also found and plotted, the increasing function of the number Ns of series diodes. As application, the PV circuit designed is used in the charging of the battery of electrical vehicle. Conclusion: The PV cell with antiparallel diodes generates currents for large band of signal voltage, and the power generated increases with temperature.
Clinical outcomes of open Latarjet-Patte procedures performed for recurrent anterior shoulder instability with primary bone loss versus failed arthroscopic Bankart repair
Authors: Gambhir Neil , Papalia Aidan G. , Alben Matthew G. , Romeo Paul , Larose Gabriel , Gyftopoulos Soterios , Rokito Andrew S. , Virk Mandeep S.
Published: April 2024

Background: This study compares the outcomes of Latarjet-Patte procedures (LPs) performed for primary glenohumeral instability in the setting of critical bone loss (LP-BL) versus salvage surgery performed after a failed arthroscopic Bankart repair (LP-FB).Methods: LP’s performed by senior author from 2017 to 2021 were separated into cohorts by LP indication. Data abstracted from electronic medical records included demographic information, preoperative clinical scores, radiological imaging, and complications. Postoperative clinical outcome scores collected after a 2-year minimum follow-up included: patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) upper extremity (UE), PROMIS pain interference, PROMIS pain intensity, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), and visual analog scale pain scores.Results: A total of 47 patients (LP-BL: n=29, LP-FB: n=18) with a mean age of 29 years (range, 15–58 years) were included in this study. Both cohorts achieved good upper extremity functionality without significant differences as indicated by mean PROMIS UE (LP-BL: 52.6±10.0 vs. LP-FB: 54.6±7.6, P=0.442) and ASES score (LP-BL: 89.9±15.7 vs. LP-FB: 91.5±14.4, P=0.712). However, the LP-FB cohort reported lower levels of pain (LP-FB: 0.5±1.1 vs. LP-BL: 1.9±2.7, P=0.020) at their latest follow-up. There were no significant differences in complication rates including re-dislocation between cohorts (LP-BL: 2/29 [6.9%] vs. LP-FB: 2/18 [11.1%], P=0.629).Conclusions: When performed after failed Bankart repair, the LP results in similar postoperative functional outcomes and similar rates of complications and re-dislocations when compared to the primary indication of recurrent glenohumeral instability in the setting of critical bone loss.Level of evidence: III.
Resistencia do solo à penetração de raízes no solo: uma revisão da literature
Authors: Braga Salatiel Ewen , Rolim Neto Fernando Cartaxo , Almeida Brivaldo Gomes de , Almeida Ceres Duarte Guedes Cabral de , Silva Vicente de Paulo , Wanderley Ricardo Andrade , Rizzi Neto Euzonio
Published: April 2024

A degradação do solo, especialmente devido à compactação, é um desafio global que afeta diretamente a segurança alimentar e o meio ambiente. A redução dos rendimentos agrícolas e os impactos ambientais associados exigem uma abordagem sustentável e uma gestão cuidadosa do solo. A compreensão das interações complexas envolvidas é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de estratégias eficazes de recuperação e preservação do solo. A compreensão da natureza e da formação do solo é fundamental para abordar sua conservação e manejo. O solo, como recurso renovável essencial, é influenciado por uma interação complexa de fatores físicos, químicos e biológicos, incluindo o tipo de rocha mãe, clima, atividade biológica e tempo. A diversidade dos horizontes do solo reflete esses processos dinâmicos, destacando a importância da sua caracterização para práticas agrícolas sustentáveis e preservação ambiental. Esta revisão bibliográfica explora os diversos aspectos relacionados à compactação do solo, incluindo suas causas, efeitos negativos sobre o crescimento das plantas e métodos de avaliação. Apesar dos vários estudos e pesquisas realizados, a literatura ainda carece de um consenso claro em relação aos limites críticos de resistência à penetração (RP) para o desenvolvimento radicular das plantas. Enquanto alguns autores propõem faixas específicas, como 1,5 a 3,0 MPa, outros sugerem valores distintos, como 2,0 a 2,5 MPa. Além disso, há variações na interpretação dos resultados, com alguns considerando valores acima de 3,5 MPa como limitantes, enquanto outros estabelecem limites superiores de até 6,5 MPa. Essa falta de uniformidade leva alguns pesquisadores a adotarem os limites propostos por um determinado autor como referência, enquanto outros optam por criar faixas específicas com base nos estudos desses autores. Na prática, apesar da diversidade de abordagens e opiniões na literatura, é comum observar que muitos estudos adotam o intervalo de 2 a 2,5 MPa como o intervalo limite para a resistência à penetração, considerado crítico para o desenvolvimento radicular das plantas.