bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on characterizing the high dynamic performance of distributed FANETs
Authors: Ding Fuzhuang , Li Xu , Liang Yanan
Published: October 2023

Distributed Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs) have been widely used in collaborative reconnaissance, situation construction and other scenarios. Due to malicious damage, complex electromagnetic interference, and rapid movement of UAV nodes during flight, distributed FANET have high dynamic characteristics. However, most researches on the characterization of network dynamics cannot fully consider the influence of various factors, such as protocol self-interference. In this paper, by comprehensively considering the effects of node damage, channel fading, protocol self-interference and other factors, based on HCPP model, Weibull distribution model and other theories, we establish link outage probability of network model to characterize link randomness and high dynamicity. On this basis, link entropy rate and topology entropy rate model are established to characterize the high dynamic performance of distributed FANETs.
A digital twin method for civil aircraft power distribution system based on Unity3D and Simulink
Authors: Liu Weixian , Li Xuhui , Shen Zifan , Ma Cunbao
Published: October 2023

In recent years, digital twin technology has attracted more and more attention from experts and scholars. At present, the application of digital twins mainly focuses on the section assembly and equipment installation of the aviation department, but the practice of digital twins for aircraft signals, internal mechanisms, process flow, and so on is less and more difficult. In addition, for the power distribution system of civil aircraft, real-time monitoring of fault detection and health management and other technical means still have great space for development. Real-time acquisition of power distribution system data of assembly lines and its data during flight is a problem waiting to be solved in the aviation industry. Based on this, this paper takes the power distribution system of a certain type of civil aircraft as an example to accomplish the research on the digital twin technology of the power distribution system of civil aircraft, realizing the information, intelligent, and dynamic scene monitoring of the power distribution network of the plane.
HEMP Protection of Power Systems in Electromagnetic Shielding Cabinet
Authors: Zhang Keran , Hao Yun , Zhang Shu , Fan Yangtao , He Xiangyong
Published: October 2023

High-altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) has a significant impact on power systems. This paper simulates the HEMP coupling for three types of power cables in an electromagnetic shielding cabinet. Besides, this paper proposes the HEMP protection circuit design for 220 V AC and 24 V DC power. In a lightning conduction injection test, the circuit reduces the peak voltage by 12.1 and 14.2 times for AC and DC, respectively. In a pulsed current injection (PCI) test, the circuit reduces the transient peak current to less than 8.2 A for both AC and DC.
Analysis of the Tunnel Face Failure during the Excavation and Evaluation of Excavation Method and Sequential on Ciuyah Tunnel, Lebak Regency, Banten Province
Authors: Bismoseno Asyfak , Indrawan I Gde Budi , Junica Maulidya Indah
Published: October 2023

The difference in geological and geotechnical conditions during design and implementation are frequent due to the lack of data collection and diverse rock variations. An important step in designing the excavation method, stages, and support system are determining the rock mass’s actual condition. Inaccuracy in evaluating rock mass quality can cause a collapse during tunnel excavation. This study used an example of a collapse case on the inlet side of the Ciuyah tunnel. The classification system used in the design was the JSCE 1975, but collapses occurred at several locations during excavations. An additional assessment of the tunnel stability was carried out by doing surface surveys and evaluations in STA 0+123 using the RMR89, GSI, and JSCE 2016 classification systems. The rock mass in this location consists of tuffaceous claystone and tuffaceous sandstone with very poor quality. The empirical evaluation showed that Daraei’s multigraph could be used to determine the collapse pattern for very poor rock. For the excavation method, stages, and support systems, it is preferable to apply the RMR classification system with consideration for the maximum stand-up time. This research aims to provide information that may be used for other projects with similar geological circumstances.
Seepage Analysis in Construction of Ciuyah Tunnel, Lebak, Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Darmawan Dendi , Budianta Wawan
Published: October 2023

The Ciuyah Tunnel is 1,329 meters long, with excavation progress reaching 720 meters from the inlet and 120 meters from the outlet. However, the excavation process from the inlet had to be stopped because of groundwater leakage. Groundwater management has become essential in reducing this tunnel project’s environmental disasters. Seepage analysis is needed to determine the potential leaks in the following excavation process. So the determination of handling methods for leaks and the impact of leaks can be anticipated. The objective of this study is to identify how groundwater leakage occurs during excavation based on the characteristics of the rock masses on the tunnel excavation faces and surface outcrops. This study also predicts the potential seepage point in unexcavated sections. The results show that the tunnel construction area consists of slightly to moderately weathered intercalated tuffaceous sandstone and claystone with many discontinuities. The groundwater leakage on the inlet side occurred due to excavation cutting the discontinuities on the roof. While at the outlet side, it is influenced by syncline geometry and joint planes. The potential for seepage points can occur at excavation points that affect the geometry of the fold where the water goes to a lower place.
Fuzzy Logic Method To Manage The Risks Of Oil And Gas Pipeline Projects To The Environment
Authors: Rodhi N N , Wiguna I P A , Anwar N
Published: October 2023

Pipes are one of the supporting infrastructures that are needed in oil and gas projects. However, oil and gas pipeline construction projects have very complex risks and have a major impact on the environment. On the other hand, environmental factors are one of the risk factors for oil and gas pipeline projects with a value of 14% [2]. The existence of risk factors that are not managed properly will have a negative impact that accumulates and causes a hazard. Therefore, an affective risk analysis method is needed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the risks of oil and gas pipeline construction projects to the environment using the Fuzzy Logic method based on data obtained from questionnaires distributed to Oil and Gas Cooperation Contract Contractors operating in East Java – Indonesia. The results of the analysis show that of the 20 (twenty) risk factors, there are 2 risk factors that are at a high level, namely financial performance risk with a value of 14.9 and contractor experience risk with a risk value of 14.9 and the fuzzy logic method are considered to be used as an effective reference in decision making, this can be seen from the results of the calculation of the accuracy value which shows that the risk analysis system for the environment is accurate with an accuracy value of 0.90 which means the accuracy level is very high.
Surface and Subsurface Engineering Geological Characterization for Empirical Design Excavation Method and Support System of Jragung Dam Diversion Tunnel, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyo Anggoro Bagyo , Anggara Ferian
Published: October 2023

The diversion tunnel of Jragung Dam was initially designed using the New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) based on assessment of limited drill cores. Due to the uncertainty in the use of single empirical tunneling method and limited data for the tunnel design, this research was conducted to better characterize the rock masses and provide design alternatives for the tunnel construction. In addition to drill core evaluation, surface engineering geological mapping was carried out to obtain complete parameters of Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Q rock mass classifications for designs of the tunnel excavation method and support system. The results show that the tunnel area consists of highly weathered sandstone and claystone layers with extremely poor to fair rock mass quality. The rock masses have very favorable and fair discontinuity strike and dip orientations with respect to the tunneling direction. The recommended excavation methods are top heading and bench and multiple drifts. The tunnel mostly requires rock bolt and shotcrete support system and the tunnel sections with poor rock mass quality require additional installation of steel sets. This research highlights potential collapse of the extremely poor quality rock masses near the tunnel portals during excavation of the diversion tunnel.
Estimation of Rock Mechanical Parameters Using Well Log Data in the Well Poseidon 1, Lower Cretaceous, Browse Basin, Northwest Shelf, Australia
Authors: Peña Cerón K L , Surjono S S , Indrawan I G B
Published: October 2023

This work implements a well-logging approach to evaluate the rock Elastic Parameters, basic Rock Mechanics, and in-situ Stresses in an interval of the Well Poseidon 1 located in the offshore Browse Basin in the Timur Sea of Australia. For this aim, there were used several correlations for the Young’s Modulus, Uniaxial Compressive Strength; one formula for Poisson’s Ratio and one for Angle of Internal Friction, and the Poroelastic Model with tectonic strains for the horizontal stresses with calibrations from logs. All these estimations were compared to a homologous section with triaxial test laboratory data and with previous studies. The results reached indicates that the chosen correlations can replicate under the adequate considerations the values of the rock mechanics and they give also good estimations for in-situ stresses in the interval studied. Moreover, these can be used to model the Young’s Modulus, Uniaxial Compressive Strength, Internal Friction Angle with fair precision. This methodology can be used in order to create geomechanical models by estimating the basic parameters needed, these models can be applied to Improved Oil Recovery, Enhanced Oil Recovery, Carbon Capture and Storage, and Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage projects.
Study of The Impact of Convectively Coupled Equatorial Kelvin and Rossby Waves on Rainfall Extremes in Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Zibrah Muhammad Subhan Al , Sagita Novvria
Published: October 2023

This study examined the impact of Equatorial Kelvin and Equatorial Rossby (ER) waves on rainfall extremes over Sulawesi Island, Indonesia. Impacts are assessed by changes in the probability of rainfall events that exceeded extreme value and changes in the fraction of wet days. Using Asian Precipitation – Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation (APHRODITE) rainfall data and Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) from NOAA, impacts are quantified with the respect to wave’s local phase grouping. The local wave phase is based on the standardized OLR anomalies and their temporal tendency. Results showed that Kelvin and ER wave can modulate daily rainfall extremes over Sulawesi Island. Kelvin wave has the strongest impact with changes in the probability of extreme rainfall by up to +100% (-70%) in phases 5 and 6 (1 and 2) and increases the value of wet day fraction by up to > 0.04. Followed by the ER wave with changes in the probability of extreme rainfall by up to +50% (-50%) in phase 4 (1 and 2) and increases the value of the wet day fraction by up to 0.05. The superposition between ER and Kelvin wave occurrence increases the possibility of extreme rainfall occurrence by up to 100 % in almost every part of Sulawesi island in phases 4,5 and 6. The results suggest that Kelvin and ER waves can be another important source of predictability for extreme rainfall on Sulawesi Island.
Subsurface Structure Evaluation Beneath the Sileri Crater’s East Flank Using the Misfit Function Gradient of the Full Waveform Modeling
Authors: Ramadhan D P D , Paninggar P A , Darmawan H , Irnaka T M
Published: October 2023

Sileri crater is one of the prominent craters in Dieng Volcanic Complex. It is one of the craters in the area with the highest activity of phreatic eruption. This type of eruption is characterized by a minimal to no precursor beforehand, making mitigation more challenging. Previously, there is minimum number of research which tries to understand the subsurface properties of the crater. Therefore, in this research, we integrate two methodologies to understand Sileri crater’s characteristics better. An Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) survey was conducted in parallel with the surface seismic survey. The UAV data was then processed, yielding a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and orthophoto for surface analysis. The ground seismic survey on the east flank of the crater was processed to obtain the gradient with respect to the misfit function. The obtained gradient information can be used to interpret the tendency of the subsurface velocity model. Through this process, a vertical shape positive gradient anomaly is detected at the crater’s northeast flank, which may correspond to the hot spring activity. The constant positive gradient anomaly layer throughout the model, which corresponds to the alteration zone, is also detected. Another 10 m depth positive anomaly is also found in the model’s southeast part, which corresponds with the new potential geothermal activity. The location of the anomalies in our investigation indicating a continuous tendency in the east which correspond to the possible eastward expansion of the crater. This finding is important to better monitor and mitigate the future activities and eruption of the Sileri crater.
Formal-Informal Employment and Poverty Dynamics: A Case Study of Mentawai Islands Regency, 2019-2021
Authors: Putri R F , Sarajwati M K A , Aini F A N , Setiacahyandari H K , Dairina I , Dewi A K
Published: October 2023

Mentawai Islands Regency is part of the frontier, remote, and underdeveloped regions in West Sumatera. Participation in the labor force is often considered a key to ensuring a good income and resources, which can help people escape or avoid poverty. The absorption of labor shown by the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) in this regency shows the highest value within West Sumatera i.e 82,57% in 2021. However, its poverty rate was 14,84%, whereas West Sumatera’s rate was only 6,63%. This study aimed to analyze the dynamics of poverty and employment in Mentawai Islands Regency using secondary data from BPS Indonesia with descriptive and comparative approaches. The results show that 79,4% of the working population and 67.8% of the poor are involved in the informal sector. The high proportion of the poor workers in the informal sector can be influenced by numerous variables, including the lack of education. Even though the sector utilizes many workers, informal workers’ average monthly net income in Mentawai Islands Regency is among the lowest in West Sumatera. Therefore, despite the high number of LFPRs, not all forms of work are equally sufficient to avoid poverty, and employment does not guarantee a way out of poverty.
Study of Regional Economic Resources Potential at the Former Residency of Banyumas
Authors: Setiawan R
Published: October 2023

Resources are assets as well as important capital owned by each region. Resources can be a determinant in the success of the development. The former Banyumas Residency is an area that includes the Regencies of Banyumas, Banjarnegara, Cilacap, and Purbalingga. Every year the value of GRDP for each regency always increases even though there is still inequality. The GRDP of the Cilacap Regency is much higher than other regencies because of the high value-added and dependence on the manufacturing sector. Development in the former Banyumas Residency requires efforts to focus on sectors that can develop. This study aims to examine the leading sectors that become potential economic resources and the pattern and structure of economic growth in each regency from 2015 to 2019. The method used is the Sectoral Contribution Index (IKS), Location Quotient (LQ), Classic Shift Share, and Klassen Typology. The leading sectors in each regency are different. Construction is the leading sector in Banyumas Regency; agriculture, forestry, and fishery sectors in Banjarnegara and Purbalingga regencies; and the manufacturing sector in Cilacap Regency. The pattern and structure of sectoral growth in each regency also differ based on the Klassen typology.
Analysis of Social and Environmental Vulnerability Against Landslides Using Scoring and Weighting Methods at Probolinggo District
Authors: Pribadi Cherie Bhekti , Himawan Farhan
Published: October 2023

Landslides phenomena majority occur in area which is adjacent with mountain or hill where the soil and rock structure move down the slopes. It is caused by land instability such as loss of plants or trees in highland which have function of binding soil grains while maintaining pores of soil beneath. Based on data from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), one of districts/cities in East Java is categorized as prone against landslides is at Probolinggo District where 108 disaster occurred over 2021. Landslide disasters certainly have an impact on the environment and social aspects in vicinity. Therefore, this research aim to assess areas which has prone level against landslides in terms of social and environmental vulnerabilities through analysis of potential for landslide disasters in Probolinggo District. The research using weighting parameter methods in order to obtain the level of social and environmental vulnerability. It is divided into four categories namely low, medium, high, and very high. Maron sub-district become the largest area with very high level of social vulnerability about 33.7% of the area of one sub-district. Meanwhile, in area of environmental vulnerability which is dominated by very high levels of vulnerability is at Krucil sub-district about 88.5% of the area of one sub-district.
Land transportation influence on the spatial distribution of Lead (Pb) in urban soils of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Magno J L , Budianta W
Published: October 2023

Land transportation is a vital component of urbanization to promote economic activities in the society. But land transportation is also one of the major contributors of Lead (Pb) contamination in urban soils that might affect the health of the population. This study aims to look at the perspective of land transportation influence to spatial distribution of Pb in metropolitan Yogyakarta. We obtained 168 unique samples in grid manner and quantified its Pb concentration using ICP-AES. In relation, Inverse distance weighted (IDW) geostatistical technique is utilized to produce a spatial distribution map of Pb concentration and correlated to road density, traffic points, and transportation points perspective as a context of influence. The findings show that Yogyakarta City as highly urbanized and more land transportation activities compared to Sleman and Bantul regencies is a place of Pb contamination hotspots. Traffic areas, and Transport areas (e.g., fuel station, terminals, stopover hubs) are amplifying components of land transportation in the context of influence. Thus, land transportation sustainable urban planning is critical to address its growing influence in Pb spatial distribution in urban that might lead to population health issues upon circulating through food, air-breathing, or drinking.
The water balance analysis of several land uses in Tinalah sub-watershed, Kulon Progo
Authors: Amalia M , Kusumandari A
Published: October 2023

Tinalah sub-watershed has vulnerable to the threat of erosion and landslides. Erosion in the upstream watershed can trigger catastrophic flooding in the area below it. In addition, the problems that occur every year in the Tinalah sub-watershed are drought during the dry season and flooding during the rainy season. The water balance was analyzed by using Thornthwaite and Matter. The result shows that the dry index increased from June and the highest is in August. The highest runoff is in June (0.93). Mostly the land uses have deficit water during 4 months that are June to September, except the mixed planting has 3 months of deficit, whereas the area of the settlement has a longer deficit until 5 months. The simulation of land use in an agroforestry system shows the decreasing value of the deficit which then it will affect the value of the Drought Index (Ia) which also decreases.
Contribution of the Agricultural Sector in Green Space Sleman Regency
Authors: Harini Rika , Dairina Isnaini , Widantara Khrisna Wasista , Setiawan Ragil , Ayu Marinda Mustika , Ichsan Dimas Maulana
Published: October 2023

Sleman Regency is the largest producer of agricultural commodities in Yogyakarta Province. This study aims to examine the development of the agricultural sector’s contribution, identify the spatial distribution of the agricultural sector as part of green space, and analyze the trend of the agricultural sector’s contribution to the area of green space in Sleman Regency. The data used is secondary data in the form of GRDP data from BPS and land use area from BAPPEDA. The results show that income from the agricultural sector has increased. Still, its contribution to GRDP has decreased, as evidenced by the analysis of location quotients (LQ) as a non-basic sector. The area of agricultural land, including shrubland, vacant land, irrigated rice fields, rainfed rice fields, gardens, forest, and moor area, has decreased to 58.51% of the total area. This change has been caused by population growth and massive urbanization over the last few years and shows that the role of the agricultural sector in green space has decreased but still does not exceed the limit set by law.
Use of Sustainable Transport System Approach in Tourism Zone Development at Kupang City
Authors: da Costa Don Gaspar Noesaku , Naikofi Mauritius Ildo Rivendi , Manubulu Christiani Chandra
Published: October 2023

The augmentation of high scale social-economic activities usually triggers a great number of small-scale derived activities. However, the presence of such activities has been ignored in traffic impact analysis. The crowded traffic produced surround it then became a laten issue. This study aim is to determine the effect of roadside friction to road capacity and to provide adequate parking zone. Subsequently, this research also discusses the possible implemented solution based on land use availability and/or road environmental condition. Therefore, the traffic volume and geometrical survey have been carried out, and the road segment capacity was calculated using Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual, whereas the effect of varying roadside friction level to road capacity were simulated under 3 conditions, i.e.: 1) without on street parking, 2) with one side on street parking, and 3) with two side of on street parking. It was found that: 1) high level of roadside friction due to the existing on-street parking vehicle and pedestrian as well as entry-exit vehicles produced strongly influenced road capacity, degree of saturation 2) since only one side on street parking is allowed, then the authority should provide additional parking zone by convert potential land into off-street parking zone.
Analysis of Rainfall Variability and Shifts in Season in Relation to the Rice Cultivation Period in Sleman Regency
Authors: Firdauzi L B , Suarma U
Published: October 2023

The research aimed to determine seasonal rainfall variability in Sleman Regency to determine shifts in season in Sleman Regency, and the relationship between the shift in season and rice cultivation period in Sleman Regency. The method was the coefficient of variation to determine seasonal rainfall variability. The shift in season was analysed in 10-year periods. The relationship between the shift in season and the rice cultivation period was analysed using the Chi-Square test. The result of this research showed that the rainfall variability in the dry season was higher than that in the rainy season in Sleman Regency from 1990-2019. The dry season in 2000-2009 came 10 days earlier in 6 subdistricts. The dry season in 2010-2019 was delayed in a period of 10-50 days. The rainy season in 2000-2009 came 20 days earlier in 7 subdistricts, delayed in a period of 10 days in 3 subdistricts. The rainy season in 2010-2019 was delayed in a period of 10 days in 8 subdistricts. The Chi-Square count was greater than the Chi-Square table, meaning that there was a relationship between shift in season and rice cultivation period in Sleman Regency.
Analysis of sanitation system and coliform number in groundwater in Wonosari District, Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Afifudin  , Widyastuti M.
Published: October 2023

Sanitation visualizes the environment’s health status, comprising housing, sewage disposal, and clean water provision. In general, sewerage can have on-site and offsite sanitation facilities. The research was conducted to characterize the sanitation system for sewage disposal, determine the water quality from biological parameters, and enumerate coliform bacteria in groundwater for every sanitation system observed in Wonosari District, Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia. These sets of information can help detect groundwater contamination by coliform that reflects the sanitary characteristics of the sewage disposal to be further considered in sanitation management and treatment policies. The research used purposive sampling, field surveys, interviews with a questionnaire, laboratory analyses, and a descriptive-comparative design. The results showed that the sanitation system for sewage disposal at the study site consisted of individual septic tanks and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In terms of quality, the coliform counts exceeded the existing standards, with the highest presence found in groundwater downstream of improperly maintained WWTPs and substandard septic tanks close to other sources of pollutants.
Analysis of the Effect of Land Cover Changes on the Runoff Dynamics Using the HEC-HMS Model in Gajahwong Watershed, Yogyakarta
Authors: Ayumi Nur , Christanto Nugroho
Published: October 2023

The Gajahwong watershed is part of the Opak watershed. The development of urban areas in the Opak watershed is very massive. The development of the urban regions in the Gajahwong watershed is the occurrence of land conversion from non-built land to built-up land. The land cover change will result in changes in the hydrological response of the watershed. The results showed that in the Gajahwong watershed, there was a decrease in agricultural land in the Gajahwong watershed, which was initially 30,209 km2 in 2016, down to 20,204 km2 in 2020. Agricultural land declines due to the conversion of functions to built-up land. Built-up land in the Gajahwong watershed increased by 4,483 km2. This condition resulted in an increase in the CN value in the Gajahwong watershed from the original in 2016 having a CN II of 73 and then increasing to 74. The results show that in 2016, the Gajahwong watershed had a peak discharge of 14.9 m3/s; in 2020, the peak discharge in the Gajahwong watershed decreased to 11.8 m3/s. The volume runoff in the Gajahwong watershed also reduced from 2880.21 mm in 2016 and then in 2020 to 2011,39 mm.
Analysis of Total Maximum Daily Loads of Winongo River, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Using Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP)
Authors: Indrastuti A N , Widyastuti M , Fadlillah L N
Published: October 2023

A total maximum daily load (TMDL) is the amount of a pollutant load that a waterbody can accommodate without exceeding the water quality standard for that particular pollutant. The research aimed to measure pollutant loads in the Winongo River, TMDLs, and pollutant reduction needed if pollutant loads were higher than TMDLs. The Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program (WASP) model was used to determine water quality responses to the potential amounts of pollutants discharged into the river, resulting in information on existing pollutant loads. After testing the water quality parameters, it was found that pH and BOD at points 2–7 and TDS at all the sampling points meet the standards for Class 1 water per the Governor Regulation No. 20 of 2008. The WASP model showed a total pollutant load of 51,78 kg/day and a TMDL of 139,08 kg/day. Segment 1 had the lowest pollutant load of 2.57 kg/day, then the TMDL was 4.56 kg/day. The highest pollutant load measured was found in segment 6 of 20.11 kg/day, then the TMDL was 79.13 kg/day. Based on the results, the Winongo River can accommodate the pollutant loads while maintaining the water quality.
Application of MODIS land surface temperature data on ENSO-based analysis in Kalimantan
Authors: Zahra R A
Published: October 2023

El Nino Southern Oscillation as climate anomaly has been impacted Land Surface Temperature (LST) in Indonesia. Higher temperature during El Nino has been considered to give more risk in fire hazards in Kalimantan, thus, analysis of spatial and temporal distribution of LST became crucial. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of land surface temperature in Kalimantan based on the ENSO phases from 2014 to 2020. MODIS MOD11A1 images and ONI index were used as analysis materials. Image processing was conducted by selecting pixels using the QC band and then processing the LST values using a scale using RStudio software. The result shows the distribution of higher LST values on the southern side of Kalimantan, influenced by low elevation, peat soil, and land use change. The temporal distribution shows a tendency for higher temperatures in the dry months of August to October, with an increase of 4.5 percent during El Nino and a decrease of 0.9 percent during La Nina from 2014 to 2020. This study could contribute to management and mitigation for fire risk in certain area and period as ENSO occurred in Kalimantan.
Macro fungi in Urban Forest of Universitas Gadjah Mada and Their Potential Uses as Medicinal Fungi
Authors: Anggara G , Rahayu S , Nurjanto H H
Published: October 2023

Macro fungi are important ecosystem component, containing carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, vitamins, and have enormous medicinal purposes. Previous study stated some medicinal macro fungi were found on Lawu Mountain. These species can become alternative source of healthy food to increase human’s immunity. Another study found macro fungi growing in the urban forest of UGM, but studies on their medical benefits have not been conducted yet. This research aimed to understand macro fungi which has potential uses as medicinal fungi in urban forest of UGM. Literature review was done to identify the medicinal purposes of macro fungi in urban forest of UGM. The result shows 15 fungus in urban forest of UGM are able to be natural source of medicine, Agaricus, Auricularia, Ganoderma, Mycena, Earliella, Microporus, Poria, Pycnoporus, Trametes, Schizophyllum, Stereum, Tremella, Pleurotus, Tricholoma, and Xylaria. According to this information, urban forest of UGM has potential to be source of medicinal macro fungi which can be developed as a source of high-quality fungal genetics through pharmaceutical research. Moreover, this research can be used as consideration in making management policies of urban forest of UGM so that the medicinal macro fungi can be used as source of food and for advanced research purposes.
The effect of the eruption of mount Hunga-Tonga on density altitude, air pressure and flight operations in eastern Indonesian
Authors: Ismanto Heri , Hidayati Sabitul , Setia Budi Firman
Published: October 2023

There was an eruption of the Hunga Tonga volcano in the Pacific Ocean on January 15, 2022 and produced the phenomenon of Shock Waves in the atmosphere, in addition to sonic booms, and tsunami waves that spread to various parts of the world. Data from the automated weather observing system (AWOS) in several Airports in Indonesia were analyzed to assess the impact of the eruption of Mount Tonga on the Indonesian atmosphere. There are sudden changes in air pressure (QNH) at locations (Airports) including Sorong, Wamena, Ternate, Sumbawa, Biak, Geser, Lombok, Sabu, and Kupang, with a range between 0.6 to 1.9 Mb. These atmospheric waves propagate at a speed of about 1248 km/hour. This drastic change in air pressure is not followed by a significant change in density altitude which affects the effectiveness of the aircraft’s lift, but a sudden change will cause a change in air pressure (QNH) in the altimeter which can cause a change in aircraft altitude. This sudden change has high probability to result in a plane crash due to a stall or undershoot or collision with aircraft.
Potential Carbon Footprint in Food System Based on Household Vegetable Consumption in Yogyakarta
Authors: Musthofa A , Rijanta R , Widiyanto D
Published: October 2023

Consumption is one part of the food system in a region. Food is a basic need that cannot be separated from various activities. Food systems account for about a quarter of the global carbon footprint, indicating that every activity in it will impact the environment. This study aims to explain the potential carbon footprint resulting from the vegetable consumption commodities in Yogyakarta as part of the food system. The city of Yogyakarta became the research area with the consideration that this area is an urban area with a high population density, a high proportion of waste transported to the final landfill, and the composition of organic waste, which is more than half the total volume of waste. This study uses secondary data from the Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) from the BPS-Statistics Indonesia and relevant literature. A quantitative descriptive analysis technique was used in this study to explain the vegetable food consumption of the people of Yogyakarta City. The potential for carbon footprint and food waste is calculated using emission factors that include production activities up to distribution. The results show that eggplant has the highest potential carbon footprint based on consumption data, with an average value of 0.25 kg CO2-eq/kg per household in one week. The average potential carbon footprint of vegetable consumption per household in one week in Yogyakarta City is 1.9 kg CO2-eq/kg produce. Potential food waste based on consumption activities has an average value of 0.15 kg per household in one week.
Reef rehabilitation method uses bio transplants model in Tunda Island Banten Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mujiyanto M , Syam A R , Sugianti Y
Published: October 2023

Reef habitat degradation has an impact on both human activities and natural factors. It can motivate some people to preserve the coral reef ecosystem’s function in ecology and economics. According to Patent No. S00201908839 that Bio Transplants is a reef transplantation method that utilizes Dead Coral and Dead Coral with Algae as a media substrate to attach reef fragments. This study aimed to develop a reef rehabilitation method using the bio-transplants method. It does not need a specific skill like a scuba diver certificate. Conducted the research in July, November 2019, and July 2020 on the prototype model area. The result showed that the reef fragment survival based on November 2019 was 71.7 % of the total fragment in July 2019 (364 transplants). In July 2020, the colony component was 97.4 % after age ± twelve months from 239 pieces that grew since July 2019. Using the dry adhesive, since the fragments’ age ± four months had been associated with their substrate, their fragment section had been covered by the width increase of component become (become the colony of the reef). People have been trying “the bio-transplants method” included in their tour packages as marine ecotourism implementation.
Aboveground carbon stock of marine mangroves in Kepulauan Seribu Islands
Authors: Kusumaningtyas M A , Kepel T L , Ati R N A , Salim H L , Rustam A , Suryono D D , Daulat A , Sudirman N , Rahayu Y P , Hutahaean A A
Published: October 2023

Mangroves, as one of the important blue carbon ecosystems, store large amounts of organic carbon. In the last decades, carbon stock assessment in mangrove ecosystems has been increased intensely following international agreements targeted at reducing global carbon emission. Many studies have investigated carbon stock potential in mangrove ecosystems, however, little is known about carbon stocks of mangroves growing in carbonate setting in small islands. These marine mangroves usually receive little or no terrestrial input, thus may have limited nutrient availability to support their growth. Meanwhile, their contribution to a global carbon inventory cannot be neglected. Here, we assessed biomass carbon stock of marine mangroves in Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta, by using published allometric equations. Data collection was conducted in seven small islands; Burung Island, Kongsi Island, Pari Island, Lancang Besar Island, Lancang Kecil Island, Pramuka Island, and Rambut Island. The total average aboveground carbon stock was 46.68 Mg C ha−1, with Rhizopora sp. as the dominant species. The highest carbon stock was measured in Pari Island (72.1 ± 30.4 C ha−1), followed by Lancang Kecil Island (62.4 ± 38.6 Mg C ha−1), Kongsi Island (54.1 ± 27.0 Mg C ha−1), Rambut Island (52.1 ± 21.6 Mg C ha-1), Burung Island (47.9 ± 21.0 Mg C ha−1), Lancang Besar Island (31.3 ± 13.8 Mg C ha−1), and the lowest was in Pramuka Island (6.8 ± 4.8 Mg C ha-1). Mangrove aboveground carbon in these islands were comparable to those in other areas. Having thousands of small islands, Indonesia thus has a significant contribution to global climate change mitigation.
The dynamic of sea level anomaly in the Papua coastal area and its associated response to the climate indices
Authors: Triana K , Solihuddin T , Nandika M R
Published: October 2023

With thousands of islands and a vast coastline, Indonesia is expected to suffer from severe and drastic impacts of sea level rise, not only to coastal urban areas and small islands but also to big islands with wetland ecosystems, such as Papua. Because the coastal areas are very sensitive to climatic and sea level changes, it is important to quantify the trends in sea level and the influences of climate variability in this region. This study aims to analyse the seasonal and interannual sea level anomaly in Papua coastal areas and investigate its associated response to climate indices. This study is performed based on the reprocessed satellite models of sea level height anomaly (SSHA) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST), climate index of Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), Dipole Mode Index (DMI), and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), from 1993–2021. The results showed that the rate of sea level rise in Papua is accelerating and significantly higher than the global trend by 0.54–1.03 cm/year. By performing statistical analyses, this study indicates that sea level in the northern waters is more sensitive to climatic phenomena, while sea levels in the southern waters are more responsive to seasonal drivers that influence the SST variability.
Faunus ater (Mollusca, Gastropoda) as a potential bioindicator contamination by heavy metals
Authors: Baharuddin N , Mustaffa N K , Ong M C
Published: October 2023

Heavy metals are one of the most harmful elemental pollutants due to their high toxicity that can affect humans. Some of the metals can have an adverse impact on the aquatic environment, even present in a lower concentration. The present study investigates the concentration of the selected heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and T-Hg) in Faunus ater (Mollusca, Gastropoda) that was collected from the rivers surrounding Universiti Malaysia Terengganu area. At each station, 25 individuals were collected. A total of 100 individuals of F. ater were collected at four different stations. The Teflon bomb digestion method was used to digest the samples after mixing them with 1.5 mL of suprapur nitric acid. Heavy metal concentration is analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), model Perkin Elmer Elan 9000, and the pollution status is evaluated by Pollution Load Index (PLI). The concentration of heavy metal is varied within the stations. The average concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, and T-Hg in F. ater was 29.7±1.29 µg/g dry wt., 42.1±7.77 µg/g dry wt., 0.26±0.04 µg/g dry wt., 0.58±0.08 µg/g dry wt., 2.17±021 µg/g dry wt. and 0.19±0.04 µg/g dry wt., respectively. One-way ANOVA test shows that for metal Cu, Zn, Pb, and As, there is no statistically significant difference in all stations (p > 0.05). A positive correlation of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb is observed with the size of F. ater, suggesting that the bioaccumulation process occurs in the F. ater. For metal and metal correlation, only Zn-Cd shows a moderate correlation compared to other metals and indicates that metals from the study area come from different sources of pollutants. The PLI value in the study area was recorded below 50, which indicated no detailed survey is needed. This study highlighted the potential use of mollusks such as F. ater as an excellent and reliable organism for heavy metal contamination indicators due to its capability to accumulate metals in body tissues.
Phytoplankton responds to environmental variables in Bali Straits, Indonesia
Authors: Susilo E , Tito C K
Published: October 2023

The ecological significance of phytoplankton within the small pelagic ecosystem cannot be overstated, as it serves as a vital food source for various marine biota, including larvae, juveniles, and small pelagic fish. This study marks the first investigation in the Bali Straits concerning the relationship between phytoplankton abundance and in situ environmental variables, employing an innovative additive model to develop a predictive system. The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the impact of environmental variables on phytoplankton abundance in the Bali Straits. During the year 2013, time series plankton samples and corresponding environmental variables, such as pH, nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4), chlorophyll-a (Chl), and silica (SiO3), were collected. Utilizing stepwise generalized additive models (GAMs), we assessed the response of two major phytoplankton groups, namely diatoms and dinoflagellates, to the prevailing environmental variability. Our findings unveil distinct response patterns for each group, with diatoms displaying a deviance explained (DE) of 38.40%, and dinoflagellates with 35.5%. Notably, both groups exhibited significant responses to NO3 and SiO3, while pH solely exerted a significant impact on dinoflagellates. In contrast, PO4 and Chl displayed comparatively lower influence on the abundance of both phytoplankton groups. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the ecological dynamics in the Bali Straits and enhances our predictive capabilities in this critical marine ecosystem.
Coral reef rehabilitation sites selection based on seasonal waves and environmental quality as ecological supporting system on Mandangin Island
Authors: Prabowo B , Darus R F , Bramandito A , Cahyo A M D , Rikardi N , Rasyid N , Kurniawan F , Christian Y , Afandy
Published: October 2023

The natural rehabilitation process in the coral reef ecosystem requires a genuinely suitable environment minimum disturbance marine threats. Baby coral is a fragile organism used to increase the quantity of coral reef cover during rehabilitating coral reef ecosystems— determination for coral rehabilitation sites with minimum marine threats for increasing success. The destructive fishing around Mandangin Island induces a declination of live coral coverage. On average, live coral cover around Mandangin Islands is under 10 percent. However, there is high coverage of dead coral that is still functional as a shelter for reef fish in the southeast Mandangin Islands. The dead reef structure can still prevent the coastal area from high seasonal waves hitting the southeast coast from July to September. A large-scale reef structure makes it difficult for small-scale fishers to disturb the rehabilitation area. Water quality indicated that east-to-south coastal areas are considered coral rehabilitation sites. Unique water quality affects the coral adaptation on Mandangin Island. East to Southeast coastal areas are considered coral reef rehabilitation locations based on coral reef cover, water quality, and seasonal waves. The limitation of the coral fragment from Mandangin Islands became the most concerned variable for rehabilitation and reef-structure design to anticipate the seasonal waves.
Spatial Distribution of Tidal Flood in the Coastal Areas of Pandeglang Regency, Banten Using Landsat 8 OLI Imagery
Authors: Putri D A , Arhatin R E , Gaol J L
Published: October 2023

Coastal flooding is the overflow of seawater during high tide causing inundation in the coastal area with low elevation. This study aimed to determine the distribution of the tidal flood area on the coast of Pandeglang Regency, Banten, using the geospatial information system method. The distribution of the flood area is obtained from the separation of land and water areas with the use of Landsat 8 OLI imagery extraction which will be adjusted to land elevation data from DEMNAS. The distribution area of the flood is also determined by other factors such as land subsidence, wind speed and direction, rainfall, and tides at the research location. The results show that in December 2020 the highest tide reached 0.736 m, the highest rainfall accumulated was 25.6 mm per day, with the wind direction dominated towards the west with a speed of 3.60 m s–1 – 8.80 m s–1, and the land subsidence rate varied spatially from 1-14 cm year–1. After combining the data, the distribution of flood areas in Pandeglang Regency showed that there was 1.232 ha or 3.64% of an inundated area on the coast of Pandeglang Regency with 4 sub-districts affected by the flood.
Mangrove forest encroachment by Nypa frutican, Derris trifoliata, and Acanthus spp. in Segara Anakan Lagoon
Authors: Prayudha B , Siregar V , Ulumuddin Y I , Prasetyo L B , Agus S B , Suyadi  , Suyarso  , Salatalohi A , Anggraini K
Published: October 2023

Based on phytosociological methods and land cover change analysis, previous studies in Segara Anakan Lagoon (SAL) indicated the spreading of mangrove species living in the forest margin ecotone into the forest interior, encroaching the other mangrove communities. This current study aims to quantify the spreading pattern of those mangrove species, assess the effect of the spreading of those mangrove species to the other mangrove communities, and identify the location of the spreading pattern relative to the newly emerged islands. The spreading pattern can be demonstrated by analyzing landscape structures quantified by landscape metrics. It was done using multi-temporal mangrove maps, representing the changes in mangrove communities over four periods with a decade interval. The landscape metrics used were the aggregation index, the size of community patches, and the distance between the patches. These metrics were extracted by using landscape metrics, an R package. The changes in the metrics over time were compared namely 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020. The results showed that the small patches of the forest margin species became more aggregated into a larger patch, while the mangrove forests became more fragmented. This condition occurred most in the west part of SAL where the new islands emerged.