bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capturing effects of blood flow on the transplanted decellularized nephron with intravital microscopy
Authors: Corridon Peter R.
Published: February 2023

Organ decellularization creates cell-free, collagen-based extracellular matrices that can be used as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. This technique has recently gained much attention, yet adequate scaffold repopulation and implantation remain a challenge. Specifically, there still needs to be a greater understanding of scaffold responses post-transplantation and ways we can improve scaffold durability to withstand the in vivo environment. Recent studies have outlined vascular events that limit organ decellularization/recellularization scaffold viability for long-term transplantation. However, these insights have relied on in vitro/in vivo approaches that need enhanced spatial and temporal resolutions to investigate such issues at the microvascular level. This study uses intravital microscopy to gain instant feedback on their structure, function, and deformation dynamics. Thus, the objective of this study was to capture the effects of in vivo blood flow on the decellularized glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, and tubules after autologous and allogeneic orthotopic transplantation into rats. Large molecular weight dextran molecules label the vasculature. They revealed substantial degrees of translocation from glomerular and peritubular capillary tracks to the decellularized tubular epithelium and lumen as early as 12 hours after transplantation, providing real-time evidence of the increases in microvascular permeability. Macromolecular extravasation persisted for a week, during which the decellularized microarchitecture was significantly and comparably compromised and thrombosed in both autologous and allogeneic approaches. These results indicate that in vivo multiphoton microscopy is a powerful approach for studying scaffold viability and identifying ways to promote scaffold longevity and vasculogenesis in bioartificial organs.
Comparing arthropod communities on two types of extensive green roofs
Authors: Dijck Thomas , Janssen Marc , Stassen Eugène , Vankerkhoven François , Mechelen Carmen , Beenaerts Natalie , Jacobs Jeffrey , Artois Tom
Published: February 2023

Extensive green roofs are said to increase local arthropod diversity in urban environments. Most roofs are dominated by either generalists or xerothermic species, as a result of their isolated locations and shallow substrate layers. We investigated whether biodiverse extensive green roofs (Sedum spp., forbs and grasses) attract more arthropod species than conventional extensive green roofs (only Sedum spp.) and differ in their respective community compositions. Six conventional and six biodiverse green roofs were sampled continuously for one year via pitfall traps. Ants, carabids and spiders were identified to the species level. We found 63 spider species, 47 ground beetle species and 22 ant species during our study. Spider communities were dominated by easily dispersible species of Linyphiidae, ground beetle communities by either eurytopic or xerothermic species, and ant communities by the synanthrope Lasius niger. While ant communities differed significantly between conventional and biodiverse roofs, no effect of roof type was observed for spider or ground beetle communities. We conclude that both types of green roof give similar results in the context of conserving urban arthropod diversity, at least for the taxa we investigated. In order to attract a wider variety of arthropods in urban areas we recommend the installation of green roofs that are specifically designed to increase biodiversity.
"Wow!" and "Aah": Bimodal Stimuli of Affective States with High and Low Intensity Displays
Authors: Binter Jakub , Prossinger Hermann , Hladký Tomáš , Boschetti Silvia
Published: February 2023

Our study focused on the ability of humans to correctly rate the valence of human facial expressions and vocalizations of high (pain and pleasure) and low intensity (laugh and neutral expression/speech) affective states. The study was conducted online and used a large sample (n=902) of respondents. The task was to categorize whether the human vocalization and facial expression as positive, neutral, or negative. The stimuli were audio records and pictures of facial expressions extracted from freely downloadable online videos and can be considered semi-naturalistic. Each rating participant was presented simultaneously with the facial expression and the vocalization of the affective states. Two of these with high intensity (pain and pleasure) and two of low intensity (laugh/smile and neutral). Each affective state was expressed and rated by female and male expressers. Using a Bayesian statistical approach, we could test due-to-chance probabilities (guessing). The outcomes support the prediction that affective states with higher intensity are harder to correctly rate, even with a bimodal presentation. Furthermore, in comparison with previous unimodal studies using the same stimuli, the results provide novel insight into systematic perception. Adding the vocalizations to the facial expressions results in the participants being more convinced in their choices independently of the correctness of the assessment as previously shown in auditory stimuli perception.
Optimal motility strategies for self-propelled agents to explore porous media
Authors: Lohrmann Christoph , Holm Christian
Published: February 2023

Micro-robots for, e.g., biomedical applications, need to be equipped with motility strategies that enable them to navigate through complex environments. Inspired by biological microorganisms we investigate motility patterns such as run-and-reverse, run-and-tumble or run-reverse-flick applied to active rod-like particles in silico. We investigate their capability to efficiently explore disordered porous environments with various porosities and mean pore sizes ranging down to the scale of the active particle. By calculating the effective diffusivity for the different patterns, we can predict the optimal one for each porous sample geometry. We find that providing the agent with the ability to sense position for a certain time and to make a decision based on its observation yields a motility pattern outperforming the biologically inspired patterns for all investigated porous samples.
Eribulin inhibits growth of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and a novel patient-derived xenograft
Authors: Hsu Che-Yuan , Yanagi Teruki , Maeda Takuya , Nishihara Hiroshi , Miyamoto Kodai , Kitamura Shinya , Ujiie Hideyuki
Published: February 2023

Advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, but these typically fail to achieve satisfactory clinical outcomes. There have been no preclinical studies to evaluate the effectiveness of eribulin against cSCC. Here, we examine the effects of eribulin using cSCC cell lines and a novel cSCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. In the cSCC cell lines (A431 and DJM-1 cells), eribulin was found to inhibit tumor cell proliferation in vitro as assessed by cell ATP levels. DNA content analysis by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) showed that eribulin induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In xenograft models of cSCC cell lines, the administration of eribulin suppressed tumor growth in vivo. We also developed a cSCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) which reproduces the histological and genetic characteristics of a primary tumor. Pathogenic mutations in TP53 and ARID2 were detected in the patient’s metastatic tumor and in the PDX tumor. The cSCC-PDX responded well to the administration of eribulin and cisplatin. In conclusion, the present study shows the promising antineoplastic effects of eribulin in cSCC. Also, we established a novel cSCC-PDX model that preserves the patient’s tumor. This PDX could assist researchers who are exploring innovative therapies for cSCC.
Radiofrequency energy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction – a novel cohort pilot study on safety, applicability, and short-term efficacy
Authors: Gruenwald Ilan , Appel Boaz , Shechter Arik , Greestein Alexander
Published: February 2023

Collagen is an essential component of the structures involved in the erectile mechanism and as such, impaired collagen may hinder it. Because Radiofrequency (RF) energy has been shown to renew and restore spatial structural arrangement of collagen fibers, treatment of ED with RF could lead to anatomical and physiological changes at the penile tissue level and could lead to improvement in the erectile mechanism. We conducted this study to assess the effect of RF treatment on erection quality. We evaluated the safety, applicability, and efficacy of a self-applied, handheld, low-intensity radiofrequency device (Vertica®) in men with moderate and mild-to-moderate organic ED. The treatment protocol consisted of 12 treatments (twice a week during the 1st month, and once a week during the 2nd month), each participant treated himself individually. Treatment outcomes were evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-15), Erection Hardness Scale (EHS), Erectile Dysfunction Index of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS), Benefit, Satisfaction & Willingness to continue (BSW), Quality of Erection Questionnaire (QEQ), Sexual Quality of Life (SQOL) questionnaires and specific questions addressing side-effects and ease of use. Twenty-eight out of 32 men (mean age 59.5.7 ± 9.8, range: 41-78y) completed a one-month follow-up after treatment. Mean IIEF-15 (43.7. ±7.8 vs 60.9 ± 10.8, p < 0.01), IIEF-Erection Function domain (IIEF-EF) (16.8 ± 3.1 vs. 24.4 ± 4.4, p < 0.001), and EHS scores (2.2 ± 0.8 vs. 3.2 ± 0.5, p = 0.01) were all significantly improved. Fifty percent of patients achieved normal EF parameters (IIEF-EF score ≥ 25). High mean scores were achieved in the EDITS (76.8 ± 20.3), BSW (4.83 ± 1.1), QEQ (73.4 ± 23.8), and SQOL (67 ± 29.4) questionnaires. No side effects were reported and participants rated the device as very comfortable, simple, and easy to operate.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Relapsed/Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplant
Authors: Nieto Yago , Pasvolsky Oren , Bassett Roland , Ghanem Sassine , Cuglievan Branko , Tewari Priti , HOSING CHITRA , Sr Samer , Ramdial Jeremy , Mahadeo Kris , Khazal Sajad , Petropoulos Demetrios , Popat Uday , Qazilbash Muzaffar , Kebriaei Partow , Champlin Richard , Shpall Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

There is paucity of data regarding outcomes of children, adolescents and young adults (CAYA) patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We analyzed 222 patients aged 0–39 years undergoing first ASCT for NHL between 2000 and 2020. The most common histological subtypes were DLBCL (44%), T-NHL (19%) and PMBCL (19%). Younger patients (age ≤ 25) had lower incidence of DLBCL and higher incidence of PMBCL and T-NHL compared to older patients (> 25 years) (P = 0.02). None of the younger patients had DH)/DE DLBCL, as compared to 14 patients in the older group (18%, P = 0.07). Younger patients had numerically better 15-year post-transplant PFS (67% vs. 54%) and OS (71% vs. 62%) compared to older patients, without statistically significant differences (P = 0.19 and P = 0.24, respectively). In MVA, not achieving a CR prior to ASCT was independently predictive of worse PFS (P < 0.0001). DH/DE status was an independent adverse predictor of PFS in MVA (HR 5.8, p = 0.03). 10 patients(4.5%) (all aged > 25 years) developed SPM Patients aged ≤ 25 years presented a distinct NHL histology as compared to older CAYA patients. Disease status at ASCT was predictive of both PFS and OS. DH/DE status was an adverse predictor of PFS.
Effectiveness of different disinfectants and combinations against SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in COVID-19 quarantine wards
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhou Jianguo , Zhu Haitao , Lu Chunmei , Ye Lan , Chunyu Lingfeng , Lu Guoping , Wang Chuanqing , Fu Pan , Zhou Wenhao
Published: February 2023

Background
To detect the contamination of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the surroundings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of regular disinfectants and combinations against SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
Methods
We sampled the patients’ high contact surfaces in COVID-19 pediatric quarantine wards from April to June 2022. After conducting cleaning procedures using disinfectants, including trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA; 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/L), 5% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 0.5% povidone-iodine (PI), 75% ethanol (EA), 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), 0.2% quaternary ammonia compound (QAC), and five combinations, environmental samples in bathroom were collected at 0, 30 s, 10, 30, and 60 min. All samples were delivered to the medical laboratory for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid (ORF1ab and N) detection using real-time PCR.
Results
SARS-CoV-2 RNA was largely detected on surfaces in the COVID-19 quarantine ward and was highest in the floor, bathroom, and bed sheet. The ORF1ab and N genes remained detectable after 60 min of treatment with QAC, PI, EA, and CHG. H2O2 and TCCA2000 completely degraded SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 30 s, which was faster than TCCA1000 (10 min). Clearance of ORF1ab and N by TCCA500 required 10 and 60 min, respectively, whereas combination of TCCA500 with EA or PI destroyed ORF1ab and N faster at 30 s and 30 min, respectively.
Conclusion
The surroundings of patients with COVID-19 are contaminated by SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Effectiveness of disinfectants and combinations varies, N gene persists longer time than ORF1ab after some disinfection.
Geophysical characteristics of active submarine sand waves off the coast of Dongfang, Hainan Island
Authors: Li Yonghang , Wen Mingming , Ni Yugen , Wan Peng , Chen Zongheng , Li Bin , Chen Zhijian , Zhao Zhenqiang , Wei Chengfu , LI Ruikeng
Published: February 2023

A large number of sand waves are developed on the seafloor off the coast of Dongfang, Hainan Island. This paper analyzes the geophysical characteristics of active submarine sand waves synthetically by using multi-beam echo-sounding(MBES), side-scan sonar(SSS), sub-bottom profiler (SBP), and single-channel seismic(SCS) data, and discusses the distribution characteristics, migration mechanism, activity, and morphologic evolution characteristics of sand waves. The results show and confirm that there are significant spatial differences in the distribution and scale of submarine sand waves, large and medium-sized sand waves mainly develop on the sand ridge, small sand waves mainly develop on both sides of the sand ridge, and near-symmetrical sand waves develop in the pit and trough area. Submarine sand waves were not developed in the southwest of the study area. Constrained by tidal current and Coriolis force, the migration direction of the sand wave on the west side of the submarine sand ridge is mainly north (slightly east), while that on the east side is mainly south (slightly west). Due to the topography, the migration of near-symmetric sand waves may stop or the migration direction has changed. The signatures of strong active submarine sand waves mainly include: (a) Asymmetric "ridge tip trough gentle" shape; (b) Superimposed small sand waves and sand ripples development on submarine sand waves; (c)Sub-bottom profile has transparent layer; (d)Reflection on the steep slope is blank; (e) Internal oblique progradation configuration. The analysis shows that the activity of the sand wave is closely related to its morphology, including three evolution stages low activity, high activity, and motionless.
Is there a Correlation between the Coaptation and Regeneration of Tendon Stumps in Endoscopic Assisted Achilles Tendon Rupture Repair?
Authors: Wu Helin , Dong Jingxian , Li Qing , Zheng Boyu , Wei Shijun , Kong Changwang , Xu Feng , Hou Wenguang
Published: February 2023

Background

Direct stitch of the ruptured site is very difficult to perform due to the frayed tendon stumps when endoscopic Achilles tendon repair technique is utilized. There is little known about whether undesirable coaptation of the tendon stumps affect the regeneration of tendons.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 46 patients who underwent a modified endoscopic Achilles tendon rupture repair from October 2018 to June 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the coaptation of tendon stumps on postoperative ultrasonography. 17 cases in group 1 with undesirable coaptation(<50%) and 29 cases in group 2 with appropriate coaptation(≥ 50%). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained at postoperative 3, 6 and 12 months to evaluate the tendon morphological construction. Clinical evaluations were performed using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hind foot score, Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), muscle power, and Achilles tendon resting angle at the final follow-up. Complications were also encountered.

Results

The mean follow-up time was 37.5 ± 10.6 months in group 1 and 39.0 ± 11.6 months in group 2, respectively. The average age in group 1 is slightly older than that of group 2 (37.3 ± 6.1 vs 32.7 ± 6.3, P = 0.021). The tendon cross-section areas and thickness increased initially and decreased later on postoperative MRI evaluation. It also showed a significant higher signal/noise quotient (SNQ) in group 1 at postoperative 3 months. At postoperative 6 and 12 months, the SNQ between both groups was similar. The AOFAS score (95.9 ± 5.1 vs 96.2 ± 4.9, P = 0.832), ATRS score (97.0 ± 3.6 vs 97.7 ± 3.3, P = 0.527), and muscle power (21.38 vs 24.74, P = 0.287) were not significantly different between both groups. However, the resting angle of group 1 was significantly larger than that of group 2 (4.6 ± 2.4 vs 2.4 ± 2.3, P = 0.004). There was no difference in the complications (P = 0.628).

Conclusions

There is no obvious correlation between coaptation and regeneration of tendon stumps when endoscopic Achilles tendon repair technique is applied. However, older patients could possibly have a separation of tendon stumps, resulting in an elongation of the tendon.
Applying Adaptive Super-Twisting Controller for Voltage Regulation in a DC Micro Grid
Authors: Ashtary Mahdi , Hakimi Seyed Mahdi , Naghavi Seyed Vahid , Behnamgol Vahid
Published: February 2023

Micro grids mainly operate in two modes of on-grid and off-grid. The main problems regarding off-gird are voltage and frequency oscillation or instability. In this case, a control system must be used to adjust the voltage and frequency of the micro grid. According to nonlinear features, uncertainty parameters and variations of the load, applying nonlinear and robust methods will be a suitable approach for the system. In this paper, a nonlinear adaptive super-twisting controller based on the sliding mode theory is used to control the micro grid. The principal reason for utilizing this controller is to control distortion in presence of parameters uncertainty. For this purpose, system dynamic equations will be extracted. Afterwards, by using sliding mode theory, a controller will be designed to control the entire system. To address chattering problem, an adaptive super-twisting method is proposed. Closed loop stability has been proved by Lyapunov theorem. The proposed method is evaluated by MATLAB/Simulink software, and a comparison between the simulation results and the other methods has been made. The comparison studies show that the proposed adaptive Super-Twisting controller is more applicable than conventional methods.
The Relationship Between Health Sciences Students’ Cancer Awareness and Behavioral Styles
Authors: Gencturk Nuran , Ay Fatma , Kivanc Meral Madenoglu
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Cancer prevention is an issue to address primarily. The evaluation of risk factors is what needs to be addressed in primary cancer prevention. It was aimed to determine the relationship between cancer awareness and behavioral styles of health sciences faculty students registered in a state university.
Method: The study sample consisted of 1204 students at the faculty of health sciences of a state university in Istanbul in the 2018-2019 fall semester. The Questionnaire Form and Miller Behavioral Style Scale (MBSS) were applied to the students. The data were evaluated using the SPSS package program in the computer environment.
Results: The students’ mean age was 20.74±2.603. It was determined that at least one relative of 32.2% of the students had cancer, grandfathers mostly had cancer, and lung cancer was the most common cancer. A statistically significant difference was found upon examining the knowledge of cancer risks and early diagnosis methods of the students with and without a family history of cancer (p≥0.05). There was a significant difference when statistically comparing the mean MBSS scores of the students with and without a family history of cancer (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Students with a family history of cancer were more knowledgeable about cancer risk factors and early diagnosis methods and applied early diagnosis methods such as mammography, clinical breast examination, and endoscopic examinations. Furthermore, the mean MBSS scores of students with a family history of cancer were higher than those without a family history of cancer.
A novel control technique for various modes of grid-connected PV system to improve power quality.
Authors: TIWARI ANURAG , Agarwal Ruchi
Published: February 2023

A novel control strategy for a single grid-connected PV system with power backup in different modes of operation, including constant load, changing atmospheric circumstances, and load variable conditions. The proposed controller works with a large nonlinear load under different modes of operation. The controller operates in such a way that, it can achieve different functions such as maintaining power flow between the photovoltaic (PV) module to the grid, maintaining UPF (unity power factor) at the point of common coupling(reactive power compensation), synchronizing a grid with PV (grid current harmonics compensation) and regulates the operation of battery(charging or discharging) for electric vehicle application. Implementing the proposed controller reduces the complexity of the active shunt filter at the point of common coupling (PCC). A maximum Power Point (MPPT) controller, optimized with perturb & observe (P&O)algorithm is used to get optimum power from the PV module. Thesimulation findings validate the operation of the suggested controlstrategy in a grid-connected PV system with a battery backup topology.
Effect of Thymoquinon on TRPM Channels in Rats with Liver Ischemia
Authors: Caglar Kerem , Tumer Cemıl , Tutuk Okan , Gocmen Hatice Dogan , Dokuyucu Recep , Agturk Gokhan , Gokce Hasan , Ozcan Oguzhan , Gogebakan Bulent
Published: February 2023

Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury is surgery and clinically important problem. It was showed that Ca+ 2 concentration increases into cell with I/R injury. TRPM channels have a role in determining the amount of Ca+ 2 concentration into cell. Thymoquinone (Tmq) which was isolated from Nigella Sativa, particularly has the beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anticancerogenic, antiinflamatuar. We aimed to investigate the antioxidant and histopathologic effect of thymoquinone in hepatic I/R rat model. In addition the other purpose of the our study was determination effects of thymoquinone on levels of TRPM gene expression. Fifty Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. Group 1: Control; Group 2: Shame; Group 3: Hepatic I/R (45min/45min); Group 4: Tmq (50 mg/kg); Group 5: Tmq + I/R (ten days before from I/R at dose 50 mg/kg of Tmq by oral gavage.) Hepatic I/R (45min/45min) model was performed at the portal vein and the hepatic artery with atraumatic vascular a clamp in ischemia groups. The liver tissues and blood samples which were taken at the end of study were evaluated for histopathologic and biochemical analysis. Besides TRPM gene expression levels were determined in liver tissues. It was seen that cellular swelling, congestion, PNL and apoptosis parameters statistically decreased in Tmq and Tmq + I/R groups in comparision with I/R group in histopathological evaluation. It was obsorved that biochemical parameters, AST, ALT, GGT, LDH, creatinine and urea levels significantly increased in I/R group as compared with, shame, Tmq and Tmq + I/R groups. It was found that TRPM2,6,7,8 gene expression decreased significantly in Tmq + I/R groups as compared to I/R group. Based on our findings it was observed that application of Tmq in the treatment of liver diseases associated with I/R injury is important in terms of both ischemia and apoptosis and also using in the treatment of liver-related diseases. Additionally we showed that thymoquinone may inhibit Ca+ 2 entry into the cell by reducing TRPM2,6,7,8 gene expression. In conclusion this situation is brought to mind that cell injury related with I/R is reduced by Tmq.
Perturbation analysis on simultaneously occurring of Mhd fluid flow and heat transfer with temperature jump and variable viscosity.
Authors: Dar Ajaz Ahmad
Published: February 2023

In this article, the impact of thermal radiation, heat source/sink, and thermal slip on the peristaltic flow of blood in an asymmetric channel will be discussed. A mathematical analysis has been done while a magnetic field is aligned. The coupled non-linear differential equations' solutions are then derived using the regular perturbation approach after the physical issue is first modelled. Approximations with low Reynolds numbers and long wavelength assumptions were used. Graphical representations are used to demonstrate and describe the physical properties of several embedded parameters, including the Hartmann number, radiation parameter, inclined magnetic field parameter, and heat source/sink parameter.
MSC Classification: 76Mxx , 76Zxx , 76A05 , 76Axx
Long-term Burden of Higher Body Mass Index from Childhood and Adult Hypertension Are Linked Through Triglyceride-Glucose Index: A 30-year prospective cohort study
Authors: Liao Yue-yuan , Chu Chao , Man Zi-Yue , Wang Yang , Wang Dan , Ma Qiong , Chen Chen , Sun Yue , Mu Jian-Jun
Published: February 2023

Background
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index was regarded as a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance (IR). It is confirmed that IR was significantly associated with hypertension, and obesity was the risk factor for IR and hypertension. Mediation of the association between body mass index (BMI) and risk for hypertension through the TyG index seems plausible but has not been investigated.
Methods
The longitudinal study cohort consisted of 1,553 individuals (869 for male), who had been examined 4 or more times for BMI from childhood, with a follow-up period of 30 years. Total area under the curve (AUCt) and incremental AUC (AUCi) were calculated as the long-term burden and trend of BMI. The TyG index was calculated as ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dl) × fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl)/2].
Results
In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, BMI AUCt and BMI AUCi were significantly associated with the risk of adult hypertension, both without (RR = 1.30 for BMI AUCt; 1.31 for BMI AUCi) and with (RR = 1.25 for BMI AUCt; 1.26 for BMI AUCi) the inclusion of TyG index as a covariate. Importantly, mediation analysis showed that the TyG index mediated the BMI AUCt-SBP association (19.3%), the BMI AUCt-DBP association (22.7%), the BMI AUCi-SBP association (18.5%) and BMI AUCi-DBP association (21.3%). Furthermore, the TyG index showed significant mediation effects of 15.9% on the BMI AUCt-hypertension association and 14.9% on the BMI AUCi-hypertension association.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that the cumulative burden of BMI originating in childhood significantly increases the risk of hypertension in midlife, and the TyG index plays an important mediation role in this association. We emphasize that early weight management has the potential to reduce the burden of hypertension caused by insulin resistance.
Continuous Estimation of Power System Inertia Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Linaro Daniele , Bizzarri Federico , Giudice Davide del , Pisani Cosimo , Giannuzzi Giorgio , Grillo Samuele , Brambilla Angelo
Published: February 2023

Inertia is a measure of a power system's capability to counteract frequency disturbances: in conventional power networks, inertia is approximately constant over time, which contributes to network stability. However, as the share of renewable energy sources increases, the inertia associated to synchronous generators declines, which may pose a threat to the overall stability. Reliably estimating the inertia of power systems dominated by inverted-connected sources has therefore become of paramount importance. We develop a framework for the continuous estimation of the inertia in an electric power system, exploiting state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques. We perform an in-depth investigation based on power spectra analysis and input-output correlations to explain how the artificial neural network operates in this specific realm, thus shedding light on the input features necessary for proper neural-network training. We validate our approach on a heterogeneous power network comprising synchronous generators, static compensators and converter-interfaced generation: our results highlight how different devices are characterized by distinct spectral footprints, a feature that must be taken into account by transmission system operators when performing online network stability analyses.
Green aphid (Myzus persicae) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) microbiome diversity in the Taif governorate
Authors: Sharawi Somia E.
Published: February 2023

The green aphid (Myzus persicae) found in Taif governorate is a sap-sucking insect that is found globally. These insects target young leaves, vegetative and flower buds, flowers, and young fruits in both their nymphal and adult stages, causing them to discolor and dry out. They are some of the most destructive and economically significant insect pests globally.
In this study, we collected aphids of the genus M. persicae from different regions of the Taif governorate and analyzed their microbial compositions using an API-20E test strip. Five bacterial species were isolated from aphids (Bacillus spp.,Serratia spp., Staphylococcus, Micrococcus spp., and Escherichia coli). Our results showed a significant correlation between M. persicae and microbial communities. Future research should focus on understanding the eco-evolutionary patterns of aphid-symbiont interactions in the Taif Governorate, particularly in biological control.
Video-rate switching of high-reflectivity hybrid cavities spanning all primary colors
Authors: Xiong Kunli , Olsson Oliver , Rossi Stefano , Jonsson Magnus , Dahlin Andreas , Baumberg Jeremy
Published: February 2023

Dynamically-tunable reflective structural colors are attractive for reflective displays (electronic paper). However, it has been challenging to tune a thin layer of structural color across the full red-green-blue (RGB) basis set of colors at video rates and with long-term stability. Here, this is achieved through a hybrid cavity built from metal-insulator-metal (MIM) ‘nano-caves’ and an electrochromic polymer (PProDOTMe2). The reflective colors are modulated by electrochemically doping/dedoping the polymer. Compared with traditional subpixel-based systems, this hybrid structure provides high reflectivity (> 40%) due to its ‘monopixel’ nature, and switches at video rates. The polymer bistability helps deliver ultralow power consumption (~ 2.5 mW cm− 2) for video display applications and negligible values (~ 3 µW cm− 2) for static images, compatible with fully-photovoltaic powering. In addition, the color uniformity of the hybrid material is excellent (over cm− 2) and the scalable fabrication enables large-area production.
Quality of life assessment in testicular non-seminomatous germ cell tumour survivors
Authors: Pathak Neha , Raj Abhishek , Santhosh Akhil , Kumar Sudhir , KP Haresh , Singh Prabhjot , Shamim Shamim , Seth Amlesh , Ray Mukurdipi , Kaushal Seema , Sahoo Ranjit , Batra Atul
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Patients with Germ cell tumours (GCT) are at risk of long-term toxicities due to multimodality therapy. It is debatable whether there is an impact on the quality of life(QoL) of GCT survivors.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in India, using the EORTC QLQ C30 questionnaire, to compare the QoL between GCT survivors(disease free> 2 years) and healthy matched controls. A multivariate regression model was used to identify factors affecting QoL.
Results: A total of 55 cases and 100 controls were recruited. Cases had a median age of 32 years (interquartile range, IQR 28-40 years), ECOG PS of 0-1(75%), advanced stage III (58%), chemotherapy (94%) and 66% were >5 years from diagnosis. The median age of controls: 35 years (IQR 28-43 years). Statistically significant difference was seen for t emotional (85.8 14.2 vs 91.7 10.4, p 0.005), social(83.0 22.0 vs 95.2 9.6, p <0.001) and global scales (80.4 21.1 vs 91.3 9.7, p <0.001). Cases had more nausea and vomiting(3.3 7.4 vs 1.0 3.9, p 0.015), pain(13.913.9 vs 4.89.8, p<0.001), dyspnea(7.9 + 14.3 vs 2.7 9.1, p 0.007), and appetite loss(6.7 14.9 vs 1.9 7.9, p 0.016) and greater financial toxicity(31.5 32.3 vs 9.0 16.3, p <0.001). Adjusting for age, performance status, BMI, stage, chemotherapy, RPLND, recurrent disease, and time since diagnosis, no predictive variables were significant.
Conclusion: There is a detrimental impact of history of GCT in long term survivors of GCT.
WITHDRAWN: The Effects of Mindfulness-based Breathing Therapy on Strain, Caregiver Burden and Burnout in Caregivers of Palliative Care Patients: Single-blind, Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: YILDIRIM DİLEK , Yıldız Cennet Çiriş , Özdoğan Merve Harman
Published: February 2023

Purpose
It is extremely important to develop evidence-based strategies to protect the psychological health of caregivers, who are part of palliative care, to increase their quality of life and to facilitate their adaptation to the palliative care process. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of online mindfulness-based breathing therapy combined with music on the levels of perceived strain, caregiver burden and burnout in caregivers of palliative care patients.
Methods
This was a prospective, single-blind, randomised controlled study. The study complied with the guidelines of Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT). A total of 100 caregivers were randomly assigned to intervention group (n = 50) mindfulness-based breathing therapy received with three sessions a week and control group (n = 50). This single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted at the palliative care unit of a private hospital, between May-November 2021.
Results
Personal information form, caregiver strain index (CSI), Zarit burden interview (ZBI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used for data collection. There were no adverse events, and we found statistical differences in groups in strain (p < 0.001), burden (p = 0.015) and burnout (p = 0.039) when comparing intervention and control groups. We found better results in intervention group, comparing pretest and post-test analyses (p < 0.05). In control group, we have no differences comparing pretest and post-test analyses (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Mindfulness-based breathing therapy combined with music is a non-pharmacological approach that may reduce perceived strain, caregiver burden and burnout in caregivers. This trial found that mindfulness-based breathing therapy was an effective intervention to reduce perceived strain, caregiver burden and burnout in caregivers of palliative patients.
Nickel Sensitivity in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Coşgun Süleyman , Polat Umut , Kaya Muhammed , Sezikli Mesut
Published: February 2023

Aim: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by changes in chronic abdominal pain and bowel habits, without any organic cause. Nickel is the most common contact allergen in the population. So, in our study, we aimed to investigate whether there is a relationship between nickel sensitivity and IBS.
Methods: This study was conducted with 50 patients with irritable bowel syndrome who were followed up in the gastroenterology department of Derince Training and Research Hospital between March 2018 and July 2018, and 40 healthy people as a control group in a single center with a dermatology department. European standard contact allergen series nickel preparate and corticosteroid pomace were applied to the back region of the study subjects. The evaluation was performed at 48, 72 and 96 hours according to the scheme proposed by the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG). Those who reacted at 72 hours were considered to have nickel allergy.
Results: The female/male ratio was 24/26 and 18/22 in the patient and control groups, respectively. The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 42.82 (±10.66) and 39.78 (±11.21) years, respectively. Nickel sensitivity was present in 38% of the patient group and 17.5% of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.03).
Conclusion: We believe that the presence of nickel sensitivity is important in the pathogenesis of IBS disease. In our study, nickel sensitivity was found to be quite high in IBS patients compared to the normal population.
Oxidation kinetics and non-Marcusian charge transfer in spatially confined semiconductors
Authors: Xu Ning , Shi Li , Pei Xudong , Zhang Weiyang , Wang Peng , Chen Jian , Han Zheng , Samori Paolo , Wang Jinlan , Shi Yi , Li Songlin
Published: February 2023

Electrochemical reaction represents an essential action in fundamental chemistry that fosters wide applications. Although most electrochemical reactions involving bulk substances can be well described by the classical Marcus-Gerischer charge transfer theory, the realistic reaction character and mechanism in atomically confined systems remain unknown. Here, we report the multiparametric survey on the kinetics of lateral photooxidation in WS2 and MoS2 monolayers, where electrochemical reactions occur at the atomically thin flake edges, by quantitatively correlating its reaction rate with various crystallographic and environmental parameters, including density of lattice vacancies, humidity, temperature, and illumination fluence. In particular, we uncover an unusual non-Marcusian charge transfer mechanism in these spatially confined semiconductors due to limit in reactant supplies, where band bending played a crucial role and distinctive reaction barriers (1.4 versus 0.9 eV) are extracted from these analogous materials. These results add important knowledge into the fundamental electrochemical reaction theory.
Competing risk analysis of cardiovascular death in Breast Cancer: Evidence from SEER-Medicaid
Authors: He Jiahui , Wang Shunde , Liu Hui , Duan Cheng , Zhang Hao , Wen Fei , Zhang Chengsheng
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of cardiovascular mortality (CVM) in patients with breast cancer (BC).
Methods: Patients diagnosed with primary BC between 2010 and 2018 were identified through the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Standardized mortality rate (SMRs) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) were calculated to compare the CVM of BC patients with that of the general population. Multivariate competing risk models were performed to identify predictors of CVM in BC patients.
Results: Overall, 399,014 BC patients were included from the SEER database, of whom 7023 (1.8%) suffered death from CVD. The significantly higher overall SMR of CVM was observed in BC patients (SMR = 4.84, 95% CI: 4.72–4.95). Multivariate competing risk regression analysis revealed age, sex, race, American Joint Committee on Cancer stage, year of diagnosis, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, BC subtype, surgery, and median household income as independent predictors of CVM in BC patients.
Conclusions: Compared to the general population, BC patients have a higher risk of experiencing CVM during the follow-up period after diagnosis. Early detection and intervention of cardiovascular risk factors will improve overall survival of BC patients.
Swelling of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) during gaseous ammonia treatment as a function of pressure
Authors: Hackenberg Herwig , Zauer Mario , Dietrich Tobias , Wagenführ André
Published: February 2023

This paper deals with the optical observation and evaluation of the swelling of beech wood samples (Fagus sylvatica L.) during gaseous ammonia treatment. The pressure level was varied in several experiments from ambient pressure to almost saturated steam pressure at isothermal conditions at 20°C. The initial moisture content of the wood was oven-dried and also conditioned (65% RH/ 20°C). All experiments were carried out in a self-developed experimental set-up. It consisted of three parts: a pressure vessel with a glass pane at the top, a camera with additional lighting above it and an algorithm for the semi-automatic evaluation of the data. Parallel investigation of the maximum swelling in water of specimens of the same origin showed that ammonia leads to a higher swelling in tangential direction (up to 23%). The swell-inhibiting influence by the wood rays can be observed on the basis of the comparison to the water swelling in radial direction. Furthermore, the results visualise the change in crystal structure from cellulose I to ammonia-cellulose I.
Geodesigning A Game-Theory-Based Compromise Solution Approach in Determining the Cultivation Pattern
Authors: Guney Caner , Ganjali Narges
Published: February 2023

In basin management, the contradiction between economic development in the basin and its environmental impact is clear. Similarly, in the Marvdasht-Kherameh sub-basin in Fars Province, Iran, there is a deep conflict between different stakeholders in environmental and conservation approaches. Fars province is one of the main agricultural centers of Iran. The agricultural activities of this region have been seriously affected due to the decrease in the amount of water recently. In addition, environmental problems have arisen due to excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, and the quality of the water has deteriorated. For this reason, determining the appropriate cultivation pattern for agricultural activities in different regions of this province is important in terms of protecting the environment and maintaining economic activity. This causes many stakeholders to seek a consensus-based solution to strike a balance between their respective and often conflicting goals so that agricultural activities can continue in the long term. Hence, a balance must be established between increasing the economic benefits and reducing the negative environmental impacts. One of the mathematical approaches that analyze such conflict situations is game theory. In this study, a suitable cultivation pattern for the Marvdasht-Kherameh basin was tried to be proposed by using game theory and Geospatial Information System approaches together.
Real-time contrast enhanced ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy in diagnosing gallbladder carcinoma metastasising to the ovaries:a case report
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Yanjun , Sang Liang , Wan Weina
Published: February 2023

Introduction：Multiple-organ primary tumors can invade the ovary through lymphatic and hematogenous routes presenting as ovarian Krukenberg tumors (KT);however they rarely originate from the gallbladder and are often present as primary ovarian tumors;however,their treatments are totally different.
Patient concerns:A 62-year-old Chinese woman presented with abdominal distension for Six months and a weight loss of 5 kg for two months.
Diagnoses: Base on multiple imaging examinations,the patient was preliminarily diagnosed with a malignant tumor of unknown origin with multiple metastases(liver,gallbladder,right-adnexal,omentum).To identify the origin of the malignancy,the patient received real-time contrast enhanced ultrasound-guided (CEUS-guided) percutaneous biopsy.The postsurgical pathologic examination showed perihepatic hypoecho and right-adnexal mass were both metastatic adenocarcinoma from the gallbladder.
Interventions: The patient received chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin instead of surgery,however,after six cycles, the lesion increased after reexamination, so the treatment was changed to combination with duvariumab regimen for 5 cycles.
Outcomes:At present, the treatment process went smoothly with no recurrence or obvious progress during follow-up.
Conclusions: Differential diagnosis between primary and metastatic ovarian tumors is important.Early diagnosis and effective treatment options are essential for patient survival.The punch biopsy is significant for patients with multiple metastases that cannot tolerate surgery.
Ethical compliance: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants comply with the ethical standards of the institutional and / or national research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or similar ethical standards.
Data Access Statement: The research data supporting this publication is available from the NN repository at www.NNN.org/download/
Estimation of Heterogeneous Population Variance using Memory-type Estimators based on EWMA statistic in the presence of Measurement Error for Time-Scaled Surveys
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Nouman , Tariq Muhammad Umair , Xiong Yeng , Hanif Muhammad
Published: February 2023

In this present article, we have suggested memory-type ratio, exponential ratio, product and exponential product estimators based on exponentially weighted moving average statistic for the estimation of heterogeneous population variance using stratified sampling design in presence of measurement error for time-scaled surveys. Mathematical expressions of approximate mean square error are derived using Taylor and exponential expansions for the proposed memory-type estimators. We have also discussed the situations in which the memory-type estimators would perform efficiently than the conventional estimators. The results of extensive simulation study revealed that the proposed memory-type estimators based exponentially weighted moving average statistic would perform better than the conventional estimators in the presence measurement error for time-scaled surveys under certain condition.