bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The natural radioactivity in drinking water by gross alpha and beta measurements and radiological quality assessment
Authors: Turhan Şeref
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to investigate the radiological quality of drinking waters consumed in Nevşehir province which is the most important tourism destination of the Cappadocia region. The activity concentration of gross α- and β-emitting from natural radionuclides (238U, 234U, 230Th, 226Ra, 210Po, 232Th and 210Pb, 228Ra and 40K) in 21 tap water samples supplied by municipal pipelines were analyzed by using a gas proportional α/β counter. The average activity concentrations of the gross α and gross β in tap water samples were found as 88 ± 10 mBq L−1 and 305 ± 32 mBq L−1, respectively. The average natural activity concentrations of α- and β-emitting radionuclides in tap water samples are below the limit values recommended by the Turkish regulation and WHO. For all samples, except for one sample, the gross β activity concentrations are higher than the corresponding gross α concentrations. The average annual effective radiation dose (AERD) due to the ingestion of these water samples was estimated to be 43, 60 and 124 μSv year−1 for infants, children, and adults, respectively. The average of AERD estimated for adults is 24 % higher than the dose limit of 100 μSv year−1. The activity concentration results reveal that tap water samples are acceptable for human consumption in accordance with the Turkish regulation and WHO recommendations for drinking water.
Interdisziplinäre Forschung im Unternehmensrecht – auf dem Weg zu einer cognitive corporate governance?
Authors: Langenbucher Katja
Published: October 2019

Juristische Normgebung zielt unter anderem auf Verhaltenssteuerung ab. Sie setzt deshalb mindestens implizit eine Entscheidungstheorie voraus, die Auskunft gibt, wie Menschen auf Normen reagieren werden. Im Unternehmensrecht hatte die Mikroökonomie unter dem Schlagwort „rational choice“ lange Zeit eine Vorreiterrolle inne. Zu ihren Methoden zählen vor allem mathematische Nutzenfunktionen, die unter abstrahierenden Annahmen Schätzungen über künftiges Verhalten erlauben. In jüngerer Zeit rücken zunehmend Entscheidungstheorien in den Vordergrund, welche derartige Vorhersagen um verhaltenspsychologische Elemente anreichern. Dazu zählt „behavioural economics“, aber auch weiter ausgreifende Forschung etwa zu Gruppenverhalten oder, unter Einbindung neurowissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis, „neuroeconomics“. Der Beitrag führt in diese Disziplinen ein und zieht Schlüsse für die juristische corporate governance Forschung.
Potential of a single radicle emergence count in predicting field emergence of Desi chickpea seed lots as an alternative vigour test
Authors: Akbarpour Maliheh , Khajeh-Hosseini Mohammad , Seifi Alireza
Published: October 2019

Single early counts of radicle emergence (RE) is a validated vigour test for four crop species. We performed this study to see whether an early radicle emergence (RE) count predicts the emergence of seedlings in Desi chickpea seed lots as well as an electrical conductivity (EC) test. Electrical conductivity measurements of 11 seed lots were highly predictive of field emergence (FE) (R2 = 0.626**). The radicle emergence was counted at regular time intervals of six hours, up to 72 hours after imbibition. Mean germination time (MGT) clearly predicted variation in number of seedlings in the field. This evidence supports the idea that the variation in the germination time between seed lots can be an early indicator of seed vigour. Early RE counts at 48 hours also had a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.764***) with FE. The negative correlation between EC and the single early count of RE at different germination times indicated that the two tests identified the same differences in vigour. The strong relationships between RE at 48 hours with both EC and FE supports the proposal that a single count of RE could be an alternative vigour test for Desi chickpea.
Simultaneous determination of 11 preservatives in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals by matrix solid-phase dispersion coupled with gas chromatography
Authors: Liu Yun-feng , Zhang Jia-ling , Nie Xue-fei , Zhang Ping , Yan Xiao-qing , Fu Ke-feng
Published: October 2019

A convenient method was developed for simultaneous determination of 11 preservatives in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Matrix solid-phase dispersion had been optimized as the sample pretreatment technology, using Florisil as a dispersant, anhydrous sodium sulfate as a dehydrant, formic acid as an additive, and n-hexane and ethyl acetate as eluents successively, and followed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detection on a TR-5 capillary column. Experimental results showed that 11 preservatives were baseline separated within 22 min. Good linearities were observed in the concentration range of 0.53–250 μg/mL for all analytes, and there were also minor differences. All correlation coefficients (r) were more than 0.995. The average recoveries at 3 levels of spiked samples ranged from 80% to 124% with 0.9–12% intra-day RSD and 1.8–12% inter-day RSD. The limits of detection were less than 0.18 μg/mL for all analytes. Besides, there was no obvious matrix effect on the analytes. The conclusion was that the developed method was simple, cheap, accurate, precise, and environment-friendly, in addition to existing little matrix effects. It could be recommended to determine 11 preservatives individually or in any their combinations to not only in liquid and gel cosmetics but also in liquid medicine and ointment.
Priorities of the Spatial Development Strategy: Opportunities and Constraints
Authors: Bukhvald Evgeniy
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this article is to study on the example of the Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation Until 2025 adopted in February 2019 the opportunities and constraints, which inevitably accompany the approval of strategic planning priorities. The article shows that the system of priorities is a necessary planning tool, especially for the development of long-term strategic plans. In this sense these priorities of both sector and spatial characteristics act as a connecting link between desired trends of socio-economic development of the country and its regions and specific target indicators of the plans. The author shows that the formation of priorities inherent for the spatial vector of socio-economic strategizing is characterized by a number of particular features. These features include allocation of various “zones”, “territories”, individual regions or groups of regions with specific characteristics and special importance for the development of the country and for its economic security as special objects of the state policy of regional development. Such a prioritization allows to focus the policy of regional development and state resources allocated to it on the most important areas (objects) and, therefore, to achieve maximum effectiveness of this policy. However, the priority model of regional development policy is limited in its scope. The frame of its use cannot contradict to other important principles of this policy, the main of which is the need to maintain the common economic and legal space of the country.
The article discusses the possibility of maintaining a balance of setting priorities and other principles of regional development policy in the Russian Federation.
Balance of Strategic Planning in Russia: on the Systemic Approach to Documents, Programs and Projects
Authors: Smirnova Olga , Mitrofanova Inna
Published: October 2019

Today, some elements and blocks of the strategic planning system, which is being formed, have been developed and are functioning. However, these elements still cannot respond to the system and balance requirements which are written into the Federal Law no. 172 «On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation» (2014). The system of strategic planning in general (as an important element of the system of government regulation) which is being created has system lacunas and in particular they are: inconformity of the main structural blocks of basic federal documents, inconformity in the approaches to strategic planning and project management, disregard of national security issues in documents of strategic planning and some others which allow to provide fully both the balanced character of goals and targets of government development and resources for achieving them.
The article substantiates that project activity has not been constructed into the process of strategic planning so far and project activity documents do not take into account systemic strategic documents. Long term goal setting in project activity in part of developing the country and providing its national security has not been developed so far.
The authors emphasize the necessity of constructing a new hierarchy of strategic documents determining goal setting and tools for achieving indices of the development of the Russian Federation in sectoral and regional aspects and a transparent budgeting process directed to implementing the general goal of social and economic development of the country and providing its security. The researchers come to the conclusion that providing a balanced character and coordination of strategic planning documents in Russia is one of priority tasks.
The authors emphasize that in the process of modernizing the system of strategic planning it is necessary to pay special attention not specifically to the succession of various types of documents but also to providing correlation (consistency) of the main structural blocks, forecasted and target indicators.
Harmonization of the Development of a Resource Region (Based on the Kuzbass)
Authors: Fridman Yuri , Rechko Galina , Loginova Ekaterina
Published: October 2019

The article considers the problems related to harmonizing the development of a resource area (a region). Modern scientific literature generally presents resource areas as regions producing oil and natural gas. In the context of the article, Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass is selected as the object of this study, where neither oil nor natural gas are produced, and where the fundamental industry is coal mining. We point out that, in the absence of consensus between authorities and business concerning the prospective development of the region, its economy may decay even despite obvious success in coal extraction and processing. It is strategically important for the Kuzbass to create an efficient infrastructure for transforming the development of the coal industry into the economy-wide development of the region. Taking into account the best international harmonization practices, we propose a conceptual system of mechanisms aimed at coordinating the interests of commoditydriven business and resource area. It is built on defining, assessing and launching the mechanisms for harmonizing ‘common grounds’ shared by coal industry and Kemerovo Region. These mechanisms are as follows: first, moving the decision-making center concerned with mineral resources development into the region imminently close to coal-mining areas; second, effective tax administration; third, increasing localization; fourth, regional infrastructure development; fifth, a new environmental standard for the region; and sixth, a fair social standard in the region. The concept in question relies on the need to introduce business models to the industry management that would harmonize with the interests of the territory. At the same time, the territory should start to build a new economy by creating new standards that would establish requirements for doing business.
Sustainable Development of Large Cities in Strategic Planning Imperatives: Actualization of Approaches to Assessment
Authors: Bogomolova Irina , Vishnyakov Dmitry , Solovyova Tatyana
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this article is to prove the validity of the methodology of measuring the level (index) of sustainable city development by means of using the sociological survey of citizens on the basis of the retrospective analysis of existing approaches to measuring this index. In the contemporary economic literature there are discussions on the possibility of measuring the level (index) of sustainable city development, various lists of indicators and various mathematical formulas.
The authors of these methodologies are united in one thing, i.e. in recognition that all known approaches are not ideal, although they complement each other. The diversity of cities in terms of size, geographical location, specialization and a number of other criteria makes it difficult to reach a common opinion in measuring this economic category. The article presents the main provisions of the authors’ method of measuring the level (index) of sustainable city development based on the perception of city inhabitants.
The approbation of this approach was carried out using the example of the city of Volgograd (city with a population of 1 million or more) based on the sociological survey conducted in 2014 and 2018. The obtained results allow determining the degree of sustainable development of the city with reasonable accuracy without taking into account the errors of municipal statistics. The proposed approach can be considered universal and it can be used by city authorities at the stage of strategizing and later at the stage of implementing municipal reforms. The most accurate results for comparing the state of sustainable development will be observed in the cities of the same or similar typology. The article substantiates the expediency of the sustainable development assessment among individual cities belonging to the same type (city with a population of 1 million or more, medium-size cities, etc.), as well as the ability to track the dynamics of this state in different periods. The application of the proposed methodology will ensure their competitiveness in the market economic conditions.
Bumble: Swipe Right for your Prince Charming
Authors: Thom Emma Grace
Published: October 2019

With the prevalence of online dating at an all time high, the phrases "swipe right" or "swipe left" have become indicative of something much more than their intended purpose. I chose to analyze my own experience with Bumble as a part of a "new literacy practice" with the original intent to present my research as an assignment for class. This experiment quickly morphed into an investigation of my self-perception and of the power and agency, or lack thereof, in the application.
Boricua Cultural Nationalism and Community Development Through The Young Lords Organization
Authors: De Aragón Julia
Published: October 2019

This paper pulls from historical accounts of the activities of the Young Lords Organization and draws connections to theories on nationalism, community, and Black Radicalism in the 20th century. Addressing the development, triumphs, and limitations of the Young Lords Organization (also known in New York City as the Young Lords Party) in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the authors examines the assumptions that lead to the rise of the Young Lords, and the political environment that resisted their agenda. As Puerto Ricans living on the mainland, the Young Lords held a unique position as a colonized multiracial people, despite borrowing ideologically from the Black Panthers and contributing as members of the Rainbow Coalition. The author discusses the radical and nationalist social movement discourse the Young Lords engaged with, which was accessible to many disenfranchised groups but uniquely targeted for the Puerto Rican experience. Lastly, the authors explores how the Young Lords implemented community development techniques in order to navigate the political and social climate of the United States in the sixties and seventies, and the conditions that would need to exist today in order for their programs to succeed in our modern world.
Parameters of binary systems in 0235+164, 0528+134 and 0954+658 blazars
Authors: Volvach L , Volvach A , Larionov M
Published: October 2019

Long series of multi-frequency monitoring data of the active galactic nucleus AO 0235+164, S0528+134 and S40954+658 from the radio to the gamma-ray are analyzed. Based on harmonic analysis of multi-frequency monitoring data we suggest that the observed harmonic components represent the precessional and orbital periods of a binary supermassive black holes (SMBH) system. The similarity of both the precessional and orbital periods in bright AGNs supports our hypothesis that, in all cases, we are observing emission from close binary systems consisting of SMBHs. The extremely compact size of the (less than 0.1 pc) may be a primary source of the powerful emission of the binary SMBH, which arises as a result of the dynamical losses due to the companion’s supersonic motion in the dense medium surrounding the orbit (109-1010) cm-3. The results obtained suggest that observed bright AGNs form a relatively rare population among massive elliptical galaxies, due to their narrowly directed emission and their short lifetimes
Signal and noise parameters of autodynes with the soft impedance characteristic of the active element (review)
Authors: Noskov V , Ignatkov K , Mishin D , Smolskiy S , Chupahin A
Published: October 2019

The general expressions for an analysis of signal and fluctuation parameters and characteristics of an autodyne oscillator are obtained, which is under an influence of the proper reflected emission from a radar object. The oscillator model represented by a parallel connection of an oscillating system and an active element with the soft impedance characteristics, also takes into consideration the internal noises of the active element. The analysis results are presented for dependences of autodyne mentioned parameters and characteristics versus the oscillator operation mode and a value of the “softness” index of its impedance characteristics of the active element. Investigation results are necessary for engineering calculation of parameters and characteristics of the autodyne on the Gunn diode and other active elements base.
Matrices of indium antimonide nanowires and their applications
Authors: Obukhov I , Gorokh G , Lozovenko A , Smirnova E
Published: October 2019

The methods of manufacturing the matrices of the indium antimonide nanowires in regular pores of anodic alumina with various metal contacts on the different substrates have been described. It is shown, that on the basis of such matrices it is possible to create terahertz electromagnetic radiation generators as well as cooling coatings and solar cells for far-infrared and submillimeter regions of the spectrum.
Calculation-experimental determination of CMOS- integrated microcircuits’ radiation hardness under the influence of gamma radiation
Authors: Bogatyrev Yu , Lastovski S , Shwedov S , Lozitski E
Published: October 2019

The results of calculation-experimental determination (forecasting) of two types of CMOS-integrated microcircuits’ radiation hardness (interface transceivers, memory units) under the influence of Co60 gamma radiation are submitted. Analytical dose dependences of parameters of test MOS transistors and CMOS large-scale integrated circuits are obtained.
Local navigation system for automatic ship berthing
Authors: Shirokov I , Skorik I , Ablyakimov I
Published: October 2019

This paper shows that it is necessary to solve the problem of accurate ship positioning to provide automatic ship berthing. It is impossible to solve this problem using global positioning systems since they do not provide the proper precision. The principles and methods of development of a local navigation system are discussed. The system operation is based on measurement of the distance between the antennas of radio equipment installed on a ship and at the quay. Microwave propagation analysis is used for distance measurements. It is followed by a homodyne procession of microwave signals and the phase difference measurements on low-frequency signals. The block diagram of the rangefinder and its operation principles are described. The main equations that determine functioning of the system are given. The procedure of the range finding by measuring the phase difference between signals is analyzed; some limitations of the method are shown. Some aspects of system operation concerning selection of its operating frequencies are discussed. It is shown that using the proposed block diagram gives possibility to create an effective local navigation system to provide automatic ship berthing.
Evaluation of equivalent circuit elements tolerance of a cable lines simulator
Authors: Chernega V , Kanov L
Published: October 2019

The present paper concerns a simulator’s scheme of cable links based on the equivalent circuit of RLC-chains on the lumped elements and controlling apparatus based on the programmed microcontroller to test the systems of signals transmission through the wired communication links. The information about the emulated cable’s type, its length and diameter of cable’s lead, presence of noise and its level, is inputted by means of a keyboard to a microcontroller, which, as per the inputted data, carries out commutation of cable net’s links and their elements in order to form the cable lines with necessary parameters. The simulator of cable lines emulates the parameters and characteristics of the symmetric copper communications links of different types, cable’s lead diameter and dimension of communications link. The simulator also sets the necessary relation of the signal/noise on the communications link output. It provides a value of variation of parameters influence degree of the equivalent circuit’s lumped elements on the frequency response changing of the emulated cable line. Taking into account an equivalent circuit’s lumped elements, the paper studies a degree of parameters variation influence upon changing the frequency response of the emulated cable line. As a result, we obtain the analytical and graphical functions of a cable line’s attenuation factor module sensitivity to the equivalent circuit parameters of lumped elements.
Synchronization of the time intervals in the communication channel with multipath spreading of signals
Authors: Degtyarev A , Miryanova V
Published: October 2019

It is shown that the need for synchronization in frequency and time of the transmitter and receiver data transmission system with orthogonal signals is caused by signal representation by trigonometric Fourier series. It is suggested to transmit data by means of the signals, which are obtained as a result of displacement of the impulse response of the channel-forming equipment at multiple intervals. The algorithm, which allows determining the time delay of the required signal relative to the reference oscillation, is considered. The block diagram of the synchronization device, that implements the algorithm, has been worked out. The method of determining the arrival time of useful and reflected signals to the receiver input, which used to reduce the influence of multipath propagation of the signal on the synchronization device, has been worked out.
Problems of development of ontology for subjectbased intelligent scientific Internet resource
Authors: Zagorulko Yu , Zagorulko G , Borovikova O
Published: October 2019

The present paper concerns the problems and main features of the development of ontology for subject-based intelligent scientific Internet resources. In these resources the ontology is used not only for formalization and systematization of the heterogeneous knowledge, data and information processing facilities, but also for organization of a convenient access to them. Development of ontology providing the above-mentioned functions is a very difficult and laborious process. To facilitate it the methodology including a set of techniques and ontology design patterns, as well as ontology building method using a representative set of base ontologies, is suggested.
Mechanism of pulsed generation mode when transporting a relativistic electron beam in a gas-filled medium
Authors: Shein Alexandr G , Bashkirev Alexandr M
Published: October 2019

The process of a pulsed egime appearance in the propagation of an electron beam in a gas-filled space. It is shown that, due to a change in the electron velocity when a virtual cathode occurs, the ionization probability of the gas increases, which leads to the formation of an ion cloud displacing the virtual cathode from space. The time of displacement of the virtual cathode is an order of magnitude greater than the time of its formation.
Estimation of precipitation intensity due to image processing from the camera of the visible range
Authors: Garmash Vitaliy N , Korobochkin Dmitriy M , Matveev Stanislav A , Petrov Yuriy V , Rudyka Stanislav A , Strakhov Segey Y
Published: October 2019

A method for estimating the intensity of precipitation using image processing from a camera of the visible range has been defined. The main advantage of using this method is the ability to determine the intensity using only one image. This feature allows this method on aircraft. The number of operations of convolution and multiplication was reduced. Therefore, the method has less computational complexity.
Coordinate basis which foundation on pseudo-random sequences
Authors: Degtyaryov Andrey N , Prudius Ekaterina S
Published: October 2019

Broadband data transmission systems are used noise-like signals derived from pseudorandom sequences. The most widely used m-sequences have good correlation properties. However, M-sequences are not orthogonal sequences. In this work the methods of creation of orthogonal bases on the basis of M-sequences are proved. Two theorems on the linear independence of the functions obtained by cyclic shift of some of the original discrete functions are provide. For orthogonalization of M-sequences, the method of orthogonalization is used, which consists in determining the weight of orthogonality of linearly independent functions.
O MST no Front Digital: a mística como prática performativa e forma insurgente de luta política
Authors: Aguiar Janecleide Moura de
Published: October 2019

Resumo: A investigação apresentada buscou reunir subsídios teóricos e metodológicos para compreender a organização política do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), não somente por intermédio de suas clássicas formas de luta - ocupações e marchas -, mas através da mística, com dramatizações e performances constituintes desse cenário. As práticas performativas apresentadas durante o VI Congresso Nacional (2014) foram estudadas pelo levantamento de dados disponibilizados em diferentes repositórios na internet e pelo uso da etnografia digital. Em linhas gerais, foram analisados os espaços de resistência criados pelos movimentos sociais em sua luta por emancipação no século XXI.
Da literatura para a infância à literatura de fronteira: Agustín Fernández Paz e Lygia Bojunga
Authors: Rechou Blanca-Ana Roig
Published: October 2019

Resumo O artigo propõe uma análise comparativa, de natureza panorâmica, da obra infantil e juvenil de dois autores bastante significativos dos sistemas literários galego e brasileiro - Agustín Fernández Paz e Lygia Bojunga, respectivamente. Com base no método geracional de Karl Mannheim, que permite maior flexibilidade epistemológica ao se basear mais nos processos sócio-político-culturais, isto é, nos agentes que intervêm na comunicação de um sistema literário, do que em cronologias e ideologias, são abordados, segundo um contínuo jogo de distanciamentos e, sobretudo, aproximações, tanto aspectos biográficos dos dois escritores quanto uma ampla gama de tópicos temático-formais que dão corpo ao projeto literário de ambos, com ênfase particular no comentário da obra de Fernández Paz, bem menos conhecida no Brasil do que a de Bojunga. Dentre os diversos tópicos abordados, que apontam para a aproximação da obra dos dois autores, podem ser citados com destaque o manejo esmerado de formas narrativas e registros; a exploração da tendência fantástico-realista; a intertextualidade; o uso frequente de peritextos; o protagonismo feminino; o gosto pelos temas-tabu; a crítica social.
Histórias de índios entre assimilação e resistência: O rastro do jaguar
Authors: Olivieri-Godet Rita
Published: October 2019

Resumo O artigo analisa a representação do índio na literatura brasileira contemporânea, a partir da leitura de O rastro do jaguar (2009), primeiro romance do jornalista Murilo Carvalho. A obra inscreve-se numa linha ficcional de questionamento da formação histórica da nação. A análise destaca a opção por recuperar a memória histórica de dois povos indígenas, os botocudos e os guarani, confrontando os projetos divergentes das nações indígenas e da nação brasileira.
O entrelugar da experimentação no romance latinoamericano contemporâneo: Manuel Puig e Caio Fernando Abreu
Authors: Alves Wanderlan da Silva
Published: October 2019

Resumo Analisamos os discursos e as formas de experimentação da narrativa romanesca desenvolvidos por Manuel Puig, em Boquitas pintadas, e por Caio Fernando Abreu, em Onde andará Dulce Veiga?, a partir da noção de entrelugar. Por meio de tal lugar, instável e marcado por trocas e reelaborações simbólicas, é possível pensar, em ambos os romances, as condições em que se deflagram as experiências subjetivas e estéticas que se apresentam como possíveis no contexto em que tais obras se produzem, marcado pelo excesso de informação, pelas demandas do mercado editorial, pelas determinações da indústria cultural e pelo diálogo com a cultura de massa e um público massivo e diversificado. Sempre que possível, tais considerações se estendem, ainda, a certa produção literária experimentalista desenvolvida no âmbito mais geral da América Latina, entre os anos 70-90, aproximadamente.
Marcas da violência e jogos do poder no romance urbano de Patrícia Melo
Authors: Castanheira Cláudia
Published: October 2019

Resumo Este trabalho realiza uma análise do romance O matador, de Patrícia Melo, cujo universo temático e estratégias discursivas rompem não só com as perspectivas da crítica literária feminista mais contemporânea, mas com o sistema ideológico burguês, de forma mais ampla. O objetivo é apontar como o aproveitamento da voz e da experiência cultural masculinas, levado às últimas consequências, pode converter-se numa crítica subliminar às formas como se constroem os discursos de discriminação por critérios sexuais, econômicos e sociais em nossa sociedade.
Validação de conteúdo e confiabilidade do Protocolo de Avaliação dos Distúrbios Adquiridos de Fala em Indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson (PADAF)
Authors: Presotto Monia , Rieder Carlos Roberto de Mello , Olchik Maira Rozenfeld
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Objetivo Elaborar e realizar a validação de conteúdo, assim como verificar a confiabilidade entre examinador do Protocolo de Avaliação dos Distúrbios Adquiridos de Fala em Indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson (PADAF). Método O estudo foi realizado em três etapas. Na primeira, foi elaborado o protocolo e validado seu conteúdo mediante análise de sete especialistas. Na segunda, aplicou-se o instrumento em 25 indivíduos com doença de Parkinson (DP) idiopática. Na terceira e última etapa, verificou-se a confiabilidade entre-examinador. Resultados A versão final do PADAF foi composta de 32 itens que avaliam a respiração, a fonação, a ressonância, a articulação e a prosódia. Mostrou-se válido, com índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) bem acima daquele estabelecido na literatura e com perfeita concordância na verificação da confiabilidade entre examinador. Conclusão O PADAF para indivíduos com DP foi desenvolvido e teve seu conteúdo validado com perfeita confiabilidade do instrumento.
The Green and the Black: Ecological Awareness and the Darkness of Noir
Authors: Hollister Lucas
Published: October 2019

Ecocritical thought presents serious challenges for political readings of crime fiction and noir, notably in French and American cultural contexts, and these challenges merit a broad examination. How does the Anthropocene change our relation to the frames of intelligibility and the definitions of violence found in crime fictions? The scalar problems introduced by the cosmological perspectives of ecological awareness suggest the need to redraw the frontiers of noir, to imagine new green-black readings that transform our understanding of what counts in and as a noir novel.
From the Gutter to the Gallery: Berenice Abbott Photographs Mina Loy's Assemblages
Authors: Abbott Berenice , Loy Mina , Elkins Amy E.
Published: October 2019

In 1958 Marcel Duchamp and a friend gained access to the modernist poet Mina Loy's apartment on stanton street near the Bowery in New York, so that they could display the art she was storing there in a one-woman show of her assemblage artwork (Burke, Becoming 433–34). The show, which Loy herself couldn't attend since she was unwell and living with family in Aspen, Colorado, was known as the Bodley Gallery Exhibition and generated considerable interest, even drawing the increasingly reclusive Djuna Barnes to its lively opening (434). The show was described by Stuart Preston in a New York Times review as a boxing match between the popular art of the time and “Mina Loy's shocking and macabre big collages, composed most graphically of refuse, and inspired by scenes near the Bowery” (qtd. in Burke, Becoming 434). Loy's dadaist assemblages, Preston's review made clear, were a formidable opponent not only of mainstream art but also of the larger politics of art at the time: the “alliance” they reflected “between Dada and social comment,” he wrote, was “downright sinister,” and they contained a slightly apocalyptic undercurrent of social critique. Loy's artwork incorporated discarded objects, such as bottles and pieces of cardboard, from New York City's liminal spaces—especially the Bowery's alleys and abandoned buildings, places where the homeless and unemployed gathered in desperate conditions. Transporting the gutter to the gallery, this body of work depended on her close relationship to the city's so-called refuse, the homeless people she befriended who helped her collect the objects she recycled as art. It has been almost impossible to know what Loy's body of assemblage artwork—carefully dusted off and hung up by Duchamp—looked like at the Bodley Gallery show. But one fellow Bowery artist, the American photographer Berenice Abbott, had photographed Loy's assemblages. Abbott and Loy had been friends since the 1920s, when they frequented the same art scene in Paris, where Abbott was Man Ray's assistant. Abbott photographed Loy's children, and the two artists are pictured together, along with Tristan Tzara, Jane Heap, and Margaret Anderson, in a famous photograph taken at a party in Constantin Brancusi's studio in 1920.1 In this image, Loy and Abbott fill the center of the frame; Abbott's eyes confront the camera, as if to say, “I know what you're up to,” her confident head emerging over Loy's right shoulder—Loy looking as ethereal as she does glamorous. Their friendship picked up again in New York in the 1940s and 1950s, where it was defined by Abbott's interest in Loy's success and well-being.
The Facts of Law
Authors: Constable Marianne
Published: October 2019

InCrippled America: How to make America great again(2015), Donald J. Trump writes, “The most important lesson is this—Stand behind your word, and make sure your word stands up'”His next paragraph begins, “I don't make promises I can't keep.” Trump seems to align his word with his promises here, but he immediately follows “I don't make promises I can't keep” with “I don't make threats without following through. Don't ever make the mistake of thinking you can bully me. My business partners and employees know that my word is as good as any contract—and that better go for the other side's word as well” (138). The “word” that “stands up” and “behind” which Trump stands is a weapon of defense against bullying. It is a threat by “me” (Trump) against “you” should your word turn out not to be, like Trump's word, “as good as any contract.” Even if Trump does not explicitly invoke the slang usage of “contract” (i.e., hiring an assassin to kill someone), he “follow[s] through” on his threats against “the other side,” whose word had “better” be as good as his.
Facts, Fictions, Counterfactuals
Authors: Gallagher Catherine
Published: October 2019

The facts of history have long been thought of as Contingent:Not determined by unchanging laws of nature or by divine will but instead produced by human beings, who are limited by circumstances yet capable of agency. The belief in the contingency of historical facts is an invitation to speculate about what might have happened instead, and the thought experiments we call counterfactual history accept that invitation by imagining alternative historical events. Before the scientific revolution, contingency was thought to be a characteristic of facts in general: the word fact was used mainly to describe the time-bound and particular deeds of humankind as opposed to the eternal and general truths of nature. The scientific revolution marked the beginning of a long process in which modern thinkers gradually developed the concept of the fact to mean any observable, freestanding, particular occurrence in history or nature. The idea that there were natural, as well as historical, facts became acceptable, whereas earlier it would have seemed self-contradictory (Shapiro).
Temperature conversion formulae for asphalt pavement design using the Superpave method
Authors: Zhang Haitao , Wang Ying , Liu Qiangqiang , Gao Dandan , You Weiqun , Liu Zuoqiang
Published: October 2019

Traditional penetration indices cannot accurately evaluate the performance of asphalt binders at high and low temperatures. A study was therefore undertaken to determine temperature conversion formulae for designing asphalt pavements using the US Strategic Highway Research Program's Superpave performance grading (PG) method. The research involved the observation of climate and pavement temperatures in north-east China, the determination of temperature conversion formulae and classification of climatic zones and Superpave PG standards. The results of this study showed that the proposed formulae are more accurate than penetration indices for predicting actual asphalt pavement temperatures and their performance at low and high temperatures, which will deliver economic and social benefits.
Path to reconciliation: repairing the past, forging the future
Authors: Yager Gregory
Published: October 2019

Global cities are wildly diverse, complex organisms, yet all follow the same high-level development pattern: stage one, basic habitation and commercialisation; stage two, profitable development to meet immediate demand – or, ‘if we build it, they will come’; and stage three, rectifying the failures of the past and mitigating risk to ensure a path is continually forged towards a bright future. In China, specifically, where decades of haphazard development have led to urban sprawl, pollution and inefficient resource management, this third phase represents a period of reconciliation between developers and commercial projects driven by increased awareness and a more passionate pursuit of social responsibility. As city leaders vocalise the need for high-quality developments that are both revenue-generating and life-giving for the community, residents too are increasingly demanding about the nature of urban development and the need for a mix of civic, cultural and employment opportunities. Considering space at a premium, one can no longer look to accomplish this within two-dimensional land-use schemes, but rather a vertical, stacked-use city-within-a-city.
Öğretmen Görüşlerine Göre Türkçe Öğretiminde Karşılaşılan Problemlerin Kaynakları
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ Ömer , UZUNYOL Celal
Published: October 2019

Dili
öğrenmede karşılaşılan birçok problem vardır. Bu çalışmamızın amacı da Türkçe
öğretiminde karşılaşılan başlıca problemleri ve bu problemlerin kaynaklarını
ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Van’ın İpekyolu, Tuşba ve
Edremit ilçelerindeki 3 okuldan seçilmiş 10 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Nitel
araştırma yaklaşımına göre tasarlanan çalışmada iç içe geçmiş durum çalışması
modeli kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından
geliştirilen “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşme formundaki sorular hazırlanırken uzman görüşlerine
başvurulmuştur. Öğretmenlerle yapılan görüşmede öğretmenlerin verdikleri
cevaplar kayda alınmıştır. Verilerin analizi nitel veri çözümleme tekniklerine
göre yapılmıştır. Öğretmenlerin ses kayıtları yazıya döküldükten sonra
belirlenen temalar çerçevesinde irdelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre
programın uygulanması için uygun ortamların olmadığı ve ders kitaplarındaki
metinlerin öğrencilerin seviyesine uygun olmadığı saptanmıştır. Bu durumların
çocuğun, dil becerilerini edinmesinde olumsuzluklara sebep olduğu, ayrıca
çocuğun çevresinin de (aile, arkadaş, okul) çocuğun dil ediniminde önemli bir
role sahip olduğu saptanmıştır.
İngilizceyi Yabancı Dil Olarak Öğrenen Türk Öğrencilerin Kelime Öğrenme Stratejileri Üzerine Bir Çalışma
Authors: HİSMANOĞLU Murat , TURAN Yusuf Ziyaettin
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışma, İngilizce hazırlık programındaki İngilizceyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen Türk öğrencilerin kelime öğrenme stratejilerinin araştırılmasını amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaca ulaşmak için, Türkiye'nin batı kesiminde bulunan bir devlet üniversitesinde İngilizce hazırlık eğitimindeki 85 Türk öğrenci çalışmaya katılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın verilerini toplamak için Kocaman ve Cumaoğlu (2014) tarafından geliştirilen “Kelime Öğrenme Stratejileri Ölçeği” (KÖSÖ) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları katılımcıların kelime öğrenme stratejilerini (KÖS) orta düzeyde kullandıklarını göstermiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları aynı zamanda, İngilizce hazırlık programındaki İngilizceyi yabancı dil olarak öğrenen Türk öğrenciler tarafından en sık kullanılan kelime öğrenme stratejilerinin duyuşsal stratejiler olduğunu, en az kullanılan kelime öğrenme stratejilerinin ise sosyal stratejiler olduğunu göstermiştir. Son olarak, sonuçlar cinsiyet, İngilizce yeterlilik düzeyi, başarı gibi bireysel değişkenler ve öğrencilerin kelime öğrenme stratejilerini kullanmaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir.
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Okuma Tutumları ve Okuma Motivasyonları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ŞAHİN Nurullah
Published: October 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı; ortaokul öğrencilerinin okumaya
yönelik tutumları ile motivasyonlarını çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemek
ve öğrencilerin okuma tutumları ile okuma motivasyonları arasındaki ilişkiyi
tespit etmektir. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiş olup ilişkisel
tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2018-2019 eğitim
öğretim yılı bahar döneminde; Erzurum, Samsun, Kahramanmaraş ve Muş illerinde
yer alan ortaokullarda 6., 7. ve 8. sınıflarda öğrenim gören toplam 767 öğrenci
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Özbay ve Uyar (2009)
tarafından geliştirilen “İlköğretim İkinci Kademe İçin Okumaya Yönelik Tutum
Ölçeği” ile Aydemir ve Öztürk (2013) tarafından geliştirilen “Metinlere Yönelik
Okuma Motivasyonu Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen tüm veriler
SPSS 25 paket programında parametrik testler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Çalışmada; ortaokul öğrencilerinin okuma tutumlarının ve okuma
motivasyonlarının cinsiyet, sınıf, aile gelir düzeyi, evde kütüphane / kitaplık
bulunup bulunmaması, yılda okunan kitap sayısı ve evde kitap okuyan birinin
olup olmaması değişkenlerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı
görülmüştür. Ayrıca ortaokul öğrencilerinin okuma tutumları ile okuma
motivasyonları arasında yüksek düzeyde ve pozitif yönde bir ilişki olduğu
tespit edilmiştir.
6. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı’nda Yer Alan Temalardaki Metinlerin Kök Değerlerle İlişkisi
Authors: MUTLU Hasan Hüseyin , DİNÇ Sinem
Published: October 2019

Günümüzün
değişen şartlarına rağmen toplumda derin iz bırakan ve kültür aktarımını
sağlayıp gelecek kuşaklara yön veren değerler, bireylerin sahip çıkması gereken
en temel manevi unsurların başında gelmektedir. Bireylerin değerleri kazanması
sürecinin önemli bir kısmını okul yaşantısı oluşturmaktadır. Milli kültürümüzün
temel yapı taşlarından olan kök değerlerin büyük bir çoğunluğu programın
uygulayıcısı olan ders kitapları ve metinler aracılığıyla kazanılmaktadır.
Bireylerin temalarda yer alan bu değerleri davranışlarına yansıtabilmeleri için
öncelikle değerlerin farkına varıp içselleştirmeleri gerekmektedir. Böylece
birey davranışlarını yönlendirerek kişiliğini sosyal, duygusal, bilişsel ve
ahlaki yönden geliştirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Millî Eğitim Bakanlığımızın
hazırladığı 6. Sınıf Türkçe Ders Kitabı’nda yer alan temalardaki metinlerin kök
değerlerini tespit etmek ve bu değerlerin metinlerle ilişkisini belirlemektir.
Araştırma nitel araştırma metodolojisine uygun olarak hazırlanmıştır.
Araştırmanın veri analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Araştırmanın materyalini, MEB Ortaokul ve İmam-Hatip Ortaokulu 6. Sınıf Ortaokul
Türkçe Ders Kitabı’ndaki 8 tema içerisinden 24 okuma metni ve 8 dinleme metni olmak üzere toplam 32 metin (belge/doküman) oluşturmaktadır.
Serbest okuma metinleri, kapsam dışı tutulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda
çocukların temalarda yer alan metinlerdeki değerleri kazanmasında edebi
eserlerin rolüne değinilmiş ve bu bağlamda Türkçe ders kitaplarında yer alan
metinlerin seçimine gösterilmesi gereken özenin önemi vurgulanmıştır.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Kültür Paylaşımına Yönelik Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: MORALI Gürkan , GÖÇER Ali
Published: October 2019

Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretimi, çok boyutlu bir
süreçtir. Bu süreçte öncelikle dilin öğretimi 
ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak bu sürece dâhil olan farklı bileşenler de
bulunmaktadır. Bu bileşenlerden biri de kültürdür. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın
amacı, yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde öğretmenlerin kültür aktarımına
yönelik görüşlerini incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımı çerçevesinde
gerçekleştirilen çalışmada,  görüşme formlarıyla
elde edilen ve öğretmen görüşlerini yansıtan veriler incelenmiştir. Verilerin
analizinde Miles ve Huberman’ın (2015) etkileşimli modeli kullanılmıştır.
Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin kültür aktarımında
materyal yeterliği konusunda farklı görüşlere sahip oldukları, derslerinde
çeşitli kültür aktarım yollarını benimsedikleri, sınıf içi öğrenme boyutunda
öğrencilerin Türk kültürünü öğrenmeye istekli oldukları, Türk kültürüne
yaklaşımlarının genellikle olumlu olduğu, kitaplarda ise kültür aktarımına daha
fazla yer verilmesi gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre
yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde öncelikli olarak ders kitaplarındaki
kültürel unsurların zenginleştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Evaluation of persistent organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in Umgeni River bank soil, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Gakuba Emmanuel , Moodley Brenda , Ndungu Patrick , Birungi Grace
Published: October 2019

This study investigated the presence and distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil collected along the banks of the Umgeni River, one of the largest rivers in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the levels of OCPs ranged from 3.58±0.09 ng/g for hexachlorobenzene (HCB) to 82.65±2.82 ng/g for HCH, with an individual mean concentration of 24.33±2.00 ng/g dry weight (dw). The levels of PCBs ranged from 10.46 ng/g for PCB105 to 89.46 ng/g for PCB180, with an average PCB value of 25.47±1.26 ng/g, dw. The highest levels of OCPs and PCBs were found at Northern Wastewater Treatment Plant (mean OCP: 32.39±3.97 ng/g and PCB: 67.87±1.67 ng/g). The two most abundant contaminants in the river were endrin and PCB180.