bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring regenerative medicine strategies for osteoporosis treatment: Progress, potential, and hurdles
Authors: Debojyoti Datta
Published: February 2024

A major worldwide health problem is osteoporosis, particularly in older people. There are restrictions on current therapies, such as anti-resorptive medications. Promising techniques including stem cell treatment, gene therapy, and growth factors are available in regenerative medicine. Preclinical and clinical research indicate promise for mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood. Enhancing bone regeneration with gene therapy that targets osteogenic factors such as BMPs is a promising approach. In order to mend bones, growth factors, cytokines, and scaffold materials are essential. Realising the benefits of regenerative medicine in treating osteoporosis requires cooperation and ongoing research, despite obstacles such limited clinical acceptability and regulatory barriers.
WHO Guidelines about Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) for mental, neurological and substance use disorders: Review and Comments
Authors: Alexandros Argyriadis  , Agathi Argyriadi
Published: February 2024

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) has been instrumental in developing evidence-based guidelines to address mental, neurological, and substance use disorders through its Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP). These guidelines provide essential recommendations for healthcare professionals to deliver effective care in non-specialized health settings. Aim: This article aims to review and analyze the updated WHO guidelines on the mhGAP intervention for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, focusing on their significance, content, and implications for clinical practice. Methods: A comprehensive review of the WHO documents published in 2023, including the "mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings" and the "Update of the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) guidelines for mental, neurological, and substance use disorders, 2015," was conducted. The review examines the scope of the guidelines, their recommendations, and the evidence supporting them. Results: The updated WHO guidelines cover a wide range of mental health conditions, including alcohol use disorders, anxiety disorders, depression, and more. Each guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, with the aim of improving access to quality mental health care in diverse healthcare settings. The guidelines are freely accessible online through the WHO's mhGAP Evidence Resource Centre website, offering detailed evidence profiles and recommendations for healthcare professionals. Conclusions: The WHO guidelines on the mhGAP represent a critical resource for healthcare professionals worldwide, offering evidence-based guidance for the delivery of mental health care. By providing standardized recommendations informed by the best available evidence, these guidelines support the implementation of evidence-based practice and contribute to improved patient outcomes. The WHO's commitment to updating and disseminating these guidelines underscores its dedication to promoting mental health equity and advancing evidence-based care globally.
Healthcare managerial challenges in rural and underserved areas: A Review
Authors: Oloruntoba Babawarun  , Chioma Anthonia Okolo  , Jeremiah Olawumi Arowoogun  , Adekunle Oyeyemi Adeniyi  , Rawlings Chidi
Published: February 2024

This paper reviews the managerial challenges and strategies for improving healthcare in rural and underserved areas. It explores healthcare managers' unique obstacles, including resource allocation, staffing, infrastructure development, technology integration, policy compliance, and community engagement. Through a comprehensive literature review, the paper identifies effective strategies such as innovative human resource management, financial sustainability models, operational efficiencies, technological advancements, policy reforms, and community-based approaches. The analysis emphasizes the importance of adaptability, local context consideration, and stakeholder involvement in implementing these strategies. The paper concludes with a call to action for continued research, policy reform, and collaborative efforts to address the systemic challenges in rural healthcare management, aiming to enhance access, quality, and equity in healthcare services for rural and underserved populations.
Implementasi Entrepreneurial Marketing dalam Mempertahankan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah pada Usaha Bakulanvia di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Rahmanisa Rahmanisa , Sitorus Onny Fitriana
Published: February 2024

The Creative Economy Agency noted that in 2020 around 60% of MSMEs in the culinary sector in Indonesia were affected by the Covid-19 pandemic which made the wheels of the business economy temporarily stop. On the other hand, some MSMEs can still survive and rise ready to live the new normal even though they have been hit by a pandemic. The purpose of this study is to find out how the implementation of Entrepreneurial Marketing in maintaining Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) during the pandemic. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach.  The data source was taken using purposive sampling techniques.  Data collection uses active participative observation techniques, semi-structured interviews, and document studies. Data validation using source triangulation and techniques.  Data analysis techniques are carried out using the constant comparative method. The results showed that Bakulanvia business people implemented entrepreneurial marketing which was reviewed through an opportunity focused on the implementation of joining Jakpreneur and expanding relationships. Innovation-oriented is by innovating attractive packaging different from others. Value Creation is through satisfaction and customer input suggestions that are constructive. Calculated risk-taking is by making strategies through promos and utilizing social media. Research limitations and suggestions for subsequent research are provided.
Pengaruh Faktor Ekonomi Makro, Kestabilan Politik dan Harga Minyak Dunia pada Nilai Tukar Rupiah terhadap Dolar Amerika Serikat
Authors: Karimah Zulfiniar Nur , Laulita Nasar Buntu
Published: February 2024

The exchange rate value of the rupiah against the US dollar fluctuates and tends to depreciate throughout the year. So it is very important to analyze the factors that influence the exchange rates to maintain its stability. The relationship between several macroeconomic factors such as inflation, interest rates, GDP, and trade openness as well as political stability factors and world oil prices on exchange rates are the main topics of discussion in this study. Monthly data in time series 2010-2020, processed using the Eviews 12 and tested using the multiple linear regression method. There is a significant positive effect between interest rates, GDP, and world oil prices for the type of WTI on the exchange rates. Meanwhile, trade openness, political stability, and world oil prices for the Brent type have a significant negative effect on the exchange rates. As for the inflation variable, it does not have a significant effect on the exchange rates. The government as a policy maker is expected to be able to regulate macroeconomic factors, maintain political stability, and control the supply of crude oil properly to maintain the exchange rate stability.
Diversifikasi Kreasi Olahan Pangan Berbahan Baku Jagung bagi Warga Desa Mlandangan Kabupaten Nganjuk
Authors: Widayatsih Tri , Lisanty Nina , Agustina Liya , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: February 2024

Most people in Mlandangan Village, Nganjuk Regency, highly depend on corn farming. Corn is a superior local product in the location. However, residents only sell products in raw form, and there is no diversification of processed food made from corn. After the harvest period, those directly involved in corn farming generally no longer have a steady income. Therefore, to increase the added value of corn for the local community, diversification of corn processing into instant corn rice (ampok) is needed. Socialization and training were conducted at the location to increase the community's knowledge and skills in diversifying corn processing and providing added value to local corn products. The target of the activity was the mothers and women farmers in RT 02 RW 12. The activity can potentially increase the selling value of corn products, which will affect the welfare of the people involved. Given the location of the village, which is close to road access, it is hoped that instant ampok processed products can be traded not only within the village environment but also outside the area as the flagship product of Mlandangan Village.Â Kehidupan sebagian besar masyarakat di Desa Mlandangan Kabupaten Nganjuk bergantung kepada hasil pertanian jagung. Tanaman jagung menjadi produk unggulan lokal di lokasi tersebut. Meski demikian, warga menjual produk hanya dalam bentuk mentah dan belum adanya diversifikasi olahan pangan berbahan baku jagung. Saat setelah masa panen, umumnya masyarakat yang terlibat langsung dalam usahatani jagung tidak lagi memiliki penghasilan tetap. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah jagung bagi masyarakat setempat, diversifikasi pengolahan jagung menjadi nasi jagung (ampok) instan dibutuhkan. Sosialisasi dan pelatihan dilakukan di lokasi bertujuan menambah pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam diversifikasi pengolahan jagung dan memberikan nilai tambah produk jagung lokal. Sasaran kegiatan adalah para ibu dan wanita tani di RT 02 RW 12. Kegiatan berpotensi meningkatkan nilai jual produk jagung yang akan mempengaruhi kesejahteraan masyarakat yang terlibat di dalamnya. Mengingat lokasi desa yang dekat dengan akses jalan raya, diharapkan produk olahan ampok instan dapat diniagakan tidak hanya di dalam lingkungan desa, tetapi juga ke luar wilayahnya sebagai produk unggulan Desa Mlandangan.
Edukasi Pemanfaatan Kotoran Ternak Menjadi Pupuk Bokashi di Kelurahan Pojok Kota Kediri Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Probojati Rasyadan Taufiq , Anshor Yoyok Zakaria , Pambudi Achmad Yogi , Hadiyanti Nugraheni
Published: February 2024

The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture is still the mainstay of farmers. However, in reality, fertilizer prices are getting higher and unaffordable, causing farmers to find it increasingly difficult. One of the solutions offered by the service team is to use livestock manure in bokashi fertilizer. The service was located in the Pojok Village, Kediri City, East Java Province. The methods include an initial survey, identification of partner problems, socialization and education, training and practice, then monitoring and evaluation. The initial survey results revealed that most residents applied chemical fertilizers in farming and did not know how to use livestock manure as an ingredient for making bokashi fertilizer. Furthermore, the service team conducted socialization and was followed by partners enthusiastically. The partner's response to this training was outstanding and was considered to provide a solution to the farmers. However, further assistance is still needed to apply bokashi fertilizer sustainably.Â Penggunaan pupuk kimia dalam bidang pertanian saat ini masih menjadi andalan petani, namun dalam kenyataannya harga pupuk yang semakin tinggi dan tidak terjangkau mengakibatkan petani semakin kesulitan. Salah satu solusi yang ditawarkan oleh tim pengabdian adalah memanfaatkan kotoran ternak menjadi pupuk bokashi. Lokasi pengabdian dilakukan di Kelurahan Pojok Kota Kediri Provinsi Jawa Timur. Metode yang dilakukan diawali dengan survei awal, identifikasi permasalahan mitra, sosialisasi dan edukasi, pelatihan dan praktik, kemuadian monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil survei awal diketahui bahwa mayoritas warga masih menggunakan pupuk kimia dalam bertani dan kurangnya pengetahuan petani tentang pemanfaatan kotoran ternak sebagai pupuk bokashi. Selanjutnya, sosialisasi yang dilaksankan oleh tim pengabdi direspon sangat baik oleh mitra, terbukti dengan antusias warga yang hadir untuk mengikuti sosialisasi. Respon mitra terhadap pelatihan ini sangat baik dan dianggap memberikan solusi kepada petani. Namun, masih diperlukan pendampingan lebih lanjut untuk mengaplikasikan pupuk bokashi secara keberlanjutan.
Psychosoziale Folgen von ›Gottesvergiftungen‹ und religiösen Repressionen in Kindheit und Jugend
Authors: Straub Jürgen
Published: February 2024

Der Beitrag handelt von verletzenden, potenziell traumatisierenden Wirkungen repressiver religiöser Sozialisation und Erziehung. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass sich solche Traumata nicht schlagartig, sondern sequenziell und kumulativ einstellen. Nach kurzen theoretischen Hinweisen werden zwei Beispiele vorgestellt. Dabei wird auf zwei Quellen Bezug genommen. Zum einen geht es um eine außergewöhnlich detaillierte, ›perspektivisch-verstehende Lebenslaufsanalyse‹ von Renaud van Quekelberghe. Zum anderen wird ein einzigartiges, kommentiertes Protokoll einer Psychoanalyse mit körpertherapeutischen Elementen herangezogen, das Tilmann Moser mit seiner Analysandin Hannah H. angefertigt hat. Die beiden jungen Frauen, deren Leidensgeschichten in Auszügen beschrieben und untersucht werden, sind in strengen christlichen Milieus aufgewachsen. Sie suchten wegen der seelischen Schäden und anhaltenden Störungen, die sie selbst auf ihre repressive, gewaltsame oder sogar gewalttätige religiöse Erziehung und Sozialisation in der strenggläubigen Familie und Gemeinschaft zurückführen, therapeutische Hilfe. Es ist den Therapeuten und dem therapeutischen Setting zu verdanken, dass wir über Dokumente und Analysen verfügen, die ungewöhnlich detaillierte Einblicke in die persönlichen Lebensgeschichten und die Individualität zweier Personen gewähren, die gleichermaßen ›Gottesvergiftungen‹ erlitten haben. Sie haben jedoch nicht allein unter dem oktroyierten, wirkmächtigen Bild eines überwachenden und strafenden, grausamen und sogar sadistischen Gottes gelitten, sondern auch unter manchen Aspekten der kulturellen Lebensform der christlichen Gemeinde oder Gemeinschaft sowie unter erzieherischen Maßnahmen von Eltern, die ein bedrohliches und verletzendes Gottesbild vermittelten und um weitere schädigende Handlungen in eigener Verantwortung ergänzten.
Afghanistan–Deutschland in between: Multiple Verletzungen und transitorische Identitäten junger Frauen
Authors: Anwar Aria
Published: February 2024

Auf Grundlage der Lebensund Fluchtgeschichte der jungen afghanischen Geflüchteten Bahar werden anhand von multiplen, immer wieder auftretenden, kumulativ wirksamen Diskriminierungserfahrungen einige Ursachen und Motive für ihren Ausschluss und ihre Benachteiligung in verschiedenen gesellschaftlichen Kontexten herausgearbeitet. Ihre persönlichen Erfahrungen stehen dabei stets in einem Zusammenhang mit kollektiv erfahrenen und in der Familie tradierten Verletzungsverhältnissen. Ihre religiöse und ethnische Minderheitenstellung im Herkunftsland und ihr Geflüchteten-Status in anderen Ländern werden dabei ins Zentrum gerückt. Es wird gezeigt, wie diese Aspekte der sozialen Identität ihr Erleben in unterschiedlichen Kontexten prägen.
Expansión de la criminalidad organizada (CO) en las regiones Centro-Norte de Italia: un estudio de caso
Authors: Benotsman Gavilán Mariam
Published: February 2024

Este trabajo presenta un análisis comparativo sobre las causas de la expansión de la CO en las regiones italianas Centro-Norte durante el año 2021. Planteamos la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿Qué condiciones contextuales nos explican la expansión de las mafias en algunas regiones de Italia y en otras no durante el año 2021? Se proponen dos hipótesis: una baja calidad institucional de las administraciones públicas, por un lado, y la coyuntura de un alto desarrollo económico y una dependencia del gasto público debido a la pandemia de COVID-19, por otro. Se utiliza la técnica csQCA para analizar 12 regiones. El resultado del análisis confirma las hipótesis planteadas. Tales resultados permiten alertar de que muy probablemente la incidencia de la CO seguirá una tendencia creciente en el país. La lucha contra la mafia es una batalla en curso y la toma de conciencia es imprescindible para combatirla.
Effects of negative wave refraction in metallic photonic crystals
Authors:   Institute of Physical Materials Science of the RAS  670047, Russia, Ulan-Ude, Sakhyanovoy str., 6, Vetluzhsky A.Yu.
Published: February 2024

The paper considers the interaction of optical radiation with the boundaries of media formed by two-dimensionally periodic systems of well-conducting cylindrical elements of small cross-section – metal photonic crystals. It is shown that at band gap frequencies in the spectrum of the crystal's own electromagnetic states when waves propagate obliquely relative to the elements, such structures can be characterized by hyperbolic isofrequency diagrams in the space of wave vectors. A consequence of this is the possibility of negative refraction effects occurring when waves are incident on the boundary of such an anisotropic hyperbolic medium formed by a two-dimensional crystal with elements of limited length. The problem of incidence of a plane-wave Gaussian optical beam on the surface of a metal photonic crystal is solved using the finite-difference method in the time domain. It has been proven that negative refraction of waves occurs under certain conditions at the boundary of the medium formed by such a crystal.
Utilizing software-defined radio for structural analysis of energy-intensive substances using nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors:   Samara State Technical University 443001, Russia, Samara, Molodogvardeiskaya str., 244, Kiyashchenko V.V. , Akopyan A.A. ,   Samara State Technical University 443001, Russia, Samara, Molodogvardeiskaya str., 244, Ganigin S.YU. ,   Samara State Technical University 443001, Russia, Samara, Molodogvardeiskaya str., 244, Zhuravleva E.S. ,   Samara State Technical University 443001, Russia, Samara, Molodogvardeiskaya str., 244
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the creation of a system using software-defined radio for the study of energy-intensive substances using nuclear magnetic resonance. Software-defined radio (SDR) uses technology that allows to configure or change the parameters of radio frequency operation through software, such as frequency range, modulation type and output power. The article presents the structure of the system and provides a detailed analysis of several key components. The proposed approach involves the use of a SDR transmitter-receiver, which is a universal device capable of both transmitting and receiving signals. The article describes the stages of signal processing and suggests potential directions for the development of the system in the future. By using the SDR architecture and software interface, the system achieves a close location between sampling, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversions, minimizing noise and distortion created by the analog part of the spectrometer. The SDR allows the use of quadrature modulation and demodulation, digital filtering and amplification, as well as software adjustment of filter characteristics. The article highlights the problems associated with the development of such NMR systems. The advantages of the system include enhanced capabilities for the development of new spectroscopic methods, compact dimensions for easy portability and cost-effectiveness compared to commercial spectrometers.
Procedural Skill Maintenance: What it means to physicians, how it motivates them, and what stops them from doing so
Authors: Tan Ivan Jia Le , Ganapathy Sashikumar
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Maintenance of procedural skills is crucial for paediatric emergency medicine (PEM) physicians to provide high-quality care. A study by Lin-Martore et al. (2021) in the US identified key themes in conceptualising procedural skill maintenance (PSM), its motivations, and barriers to maintenance. However, the difference in culture brings into question the validity of their findings in other contexts. To determine its applicability specifically in an Asian context, this study aims to replicate the study at KK’s Women and Children Hospital (KKH), focusing on PEM physicians. While the findings are limited to a single hospital, they provide valuable insights into challenges encountered by PEM physicians. Methods: A general qualitative approach was used through semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited through email. Interviews were conducted via Zoom and subsequently de-identified and transcribed. The data was coded manually through thematic analysis, identifying key themes.Results: Fifteen PEM physicians were interviewed. Participants conceptualized PSM through technical aspects and measured competence through objective and subjective measures. General motivation themes found the (1) desire to provide optimal patient care, (2) procedural competence as part of the identity of a PEM physician who teaches and performs procedures, and (3) desire for choice when alternatives are present. Barriers included limited time, support, and opportunities.Conclusion: The study found that the themes from the original study are applicable in KKH, featuring SDT concepts prominently. Practical recommendations for KKH were proposed. Future research can focus on the challenges and gaps in maintaining procedural skills and develop strategies to improve PSM in PEM physicians.
The COVID-19 pandemic era impact on the incidence of the custodial death, due to illness in 36 states and union territories of India-A comparison study (2017–2022)
Authors: Kumar Dr Piyush , Anupama
Published: February 2024

Abstract: Mahatma Gandhi said that “crime is due to diseased mind and jail should have an environment like hospitals for prisoner’s treatment and care”. A lot of research is carried out globally during COVID-19, on the well being of peoples staying outside the prisons, but very few large scale researches are available to know about the well being of the prisoners during COVID-19 era. The data is provided by the Prison Section of all the 36 States/UTs in prearranged Performa of the NCRB, through an application made by NCRB. A total of 11,289 custodial death occurred among the prisoners residing in various prisons of India, during the study period, out of which 9,406 (83.32 percent, Total-9406 (Obs-216, Mean-43.55, Std. Dev.- 68.87, Min-0, Max-401, Std. Err.- 4.69, 95% Conf. Interval of mean-34.31 -52.78) mortalities were attributed due to illness. Compared to year 2020, our study revealed that the COVID-19 year 2021 has attributed to largest (16.47 percent increased illness custodial death and 12.14 percent increased total mortalities) number of custodial death due to illness. The study revealed that during the study period, majority of the mortalities were due to heart diseases in prisoners (27.28 percent, Total-2566 (Obs-216, Mean-11.88, Std. Dev.- 19.30, Min-0, Max-123, Std. Err.- 1.31, 95% Conf. Interval of mean-9.29 -14.47). Cholera / Diarrhoea attributed to the least number of mortalities during the study period (0.21 percent, Total-20 (Obs-216, Mean-0.09, Std. Dev. - 0.40, Min-0, Max-4, Std. Err. - 0.03, 95% Conf. Interval of mean-.04 -.15). This six years of study revealed that most of the custodial death (42%), due to illness in prisoners of India was due to CVDs and pulmonary diseases. This study also revealed that 27% of custodial deaths due to illness were not clearly categorized. Honourable Justice Lokur, of Supreme Court of India, said in a landmark judgment, in 2013, that "The distinction made by the NCRB [National Crime Records Bureau] between natural and unnatural custodial deaths is not clear. For example, if a prisoner dies due to a lack of proper medical attention or timely medical attention, would that be classified as a natural custodial death or an unnatural custodial death?" The policymakers and decision-makers must think on the necessity of developing Prisoners care policies following the COVID-19 pandemic, in light of the findings of this research study.
Cultural Intermediation and Civil Society: Towards a Hermeneutically Strong Conception
Authors: Knöchelmann Marcel
Published: February 2024

Literary fiction narrates ethical and moral meaning. It is rich with ethical conceptions of the good life and expressions of moral universalism, and it assumes a meaningful role in civil society through this richness. And yet, existing conceptions of cultural intermediation do not consider this richness; they are reductive in the way they focus on the social-structural space in between author and reader. Cultural intermediation is trimmed down to competition and generalizations of taste and aesthetic acclaim without considering cultural meaningfulness. In this article, I propose and discuss a new conception of cultural intermediation that builds a bridge between understanding the production and reception of literature in social-structural terms and society’s civil discourse. I draw on a diverse set of authors from philosophy and cultural sociology – discourse ethics and civil sphere theory in particular – to form a critique of intermediation. I conceptualize what it means to claim that literary text is a morally meaningful medium in three different ways: productive intermediation, receptive intermediation and critical intermediation. And I highlight that literary fiction is not culture per se, but that it enables actors to mediate culture. From authors along with agents, publishers, distributors and critics towards readers, literary text is embedded in culture-specific context. This is a hermeneutically strong conception of cultural intermediation that contributes to a meaning-centred sociology of literature.
Evaluation of the results of the modified Blumgartpancreatic-intestinal anastomosis technique according to Satoi in pancreaticoduodenectomy at Bach Mai Hospital
Authors:   Hanoi Medical University, 1 Ton That Tung Street, Trung Tu Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Chantha Pisey , Nguyen Thanh Khiem ,   Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Phuong Mai Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Ham Hoi ,   Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Phuong Mai Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Ngoc Hung ,   Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Phuong Mai Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Tran Hieu Hoc ,   Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Phuong Mai Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Luong Tuan Hiep ,   Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Phuong Mai Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Do Van Minh ,   Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Phuong Mai Ward, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Do Hai Dang ,   Viet Duc University Hospital, 40 Trang Thi Street, Hang Bong Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen The Duy ,   VinUni University, Vinhomes Ocean Park Urban Area, Da Ton Commune, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Pham Hong Quang ,   Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Ky Ba Ward, Thai Binh City, Thai Binh Province, Vietnam
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study aims to research on the safety and effectiveness of the modified Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy anastomosis by Satoi in Bach Mai Hospital. Research subjects: Seventy-three patients underwent modified Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy anastomosis by Satoi after pancreaticoduodenectomy at Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Department, Bach Mai Hospital between October 2020 and April 2023. Method: Cross-sectional study combining retrospective and prospective studies. The Blumgart anastomosis was modified to simplify with 2 U-shaped sutures. Results: The average age of the study subjects was 58.49±12.69 years; the age group over 60 accounted for over 50%; male/female ratio was ~1. The number of patients with complications was 22/73; the total number of complications was 33, including 3 grade-III-or-above complications, according to Clavien-Dindo: 1 case had complications of grade C pancreatic fistula causing late hemorrhage, from the common hepatic artery wall, needs re-surgery, 1 case needs hemostasis under intervention radiology, 1 case needs to be drained under ultrasound guidance, and no patient deaths. Conclusion: The modified Blumgart pancreaticojejunostomy by Satoi is a safe and effective technique.
Building a model to evaluate hypertensive crisis in mice
Authors:   Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, 10 Huynh Van Nghe Street, Buu Long Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province, Vietnam, Nguyen Xuan Phuc , Doan Van Vien ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Lac Hong University, 10 Huynh Van Nghe Street, Buu Long Ward, Bien Hoa City, Dong Nai Province, Vietnam, Tran Manh Hung ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: February 2024

High blood pressure is a major cause of stroke and cardiovascular complications. The development of a hypertensive crisis model allows rapid testing of the effects of antihypertensive drugs, meeting the need for research and development of chronic pharmacological models. A model of acute hypertension was induced by intraperitoneal injections of xylometazoline at different doses and subcutaneous injections of atropine at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg. This study applied the CODA high-throughput hypertensive machine to determine a suitable model. The results of injecting xylometazoline at a dose of 1 mg/kg ( IP) and atropine (0.4 mg/kg) (SC) showed induced hypertension with systolic >130 mmHg constantly with 15 circles in 20 minutes. The hypotensive effect was found when oral administration of nifedipine (6 mg/kg), losartan (100 mg/kg), and captopril (100 mg/kg). However, the hypotensive effect of bisoprolol was not found at a dose of 50 mg/kg. This mouse model can be applied for further screening and evaluating the therapeutic effect of hypotensive drugs.
Initial evaluation of the application of autologous protein gel in the treatment of extensive skin loss wounds
Authors:   7A Military Hospital, 466 Nguyen Trai Street, Ward 8, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Quang Tri , Phan Huu Hung ,   Eastern People Military Hospital, 50 Le Van Viet Street, Hiep Phu Ward, District 9, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Vu Thi Thanh Tam ,   7A Military Hospital, 466 Nguyen Trai Street, Ward 8, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Truong Gia Huy ,   7A Military Hospital, 466 Nguyen Trai Street, Ward 8, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran Nguyen Nhu Hieu ,   7A Military Hospital, 466 Nguyen Trai Street, Ward 8, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Hoang Thi Dieu Thuan ,   7A Military Hospital, 466 Nguyen Trai Street, Ward 8, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Tran Le Bao Ha ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, To Minh Quan ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Thi Ngoc My ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Doan Nguyen Vu ,   University of Science, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: February 2024

Objective: Develop a process and evaluate the effects of local treatment with protein gel on the patient’s skin graft wound. Subjects and methods: The case series study reported the results of treating skin loss wounds with protein gel application on 5 patients at the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology - 7A Military Hospital from August 2023 to November 2023. Results: At the time of removing the skin graft bandage (day 7), a very good adhesion rate of the skin graft to the graft base was recorded (from 92-97%). After 2 weeks of transplantation, the graft skin adhesion rate reached 97-100%. By 4 weeks after transplantation, the grafted skin adhered 100% to the graft base in all 5 patients and all patients reported good results after skin grafting. Conclusion: The use of protein gel in the skin grafting process increases the adhesion of the grafted skin, reduces pain, reduces exudate at the wound, and increases the survival rate of the grafted skin.
In vitro rapid multiplication of two ancient gerbera varieties (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus)
Authors:   Faculty of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2,Nguyen Van Linh Street, Xuan Hoa Ward, Phuc Yen City, Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam, Phan Thi Thu Hien , Nguyen Thi Kim Anh ,   Faculty of Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2,Nguyen Van Linh Street, Xuan Hoa Ward, Phuc Yen City, Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam, Le Thi Tuyet Cham ,   Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture,Trau Quy Town, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Vu Thi Thuy Hang ,   Faculty of Agronomy, Vietnam National University of Agriculture,Trau Quy Town, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: February 2024

Gerbera buds are double sterilised, the clean sample rate is up to 90% (ancient yellow gerbera daisies) and 92% (ancient pink gerbera daisies). With the medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l BAP and 2 mg/l TDZ, the yellow gerbera daisy variety obtained a regeneration rate of 52.17%, the number of regenerated buds was 5 buds/sample. Ancient pink gerbera daisies have a regeneration rate of 53.85%, the number of regenerated buds was 6 buds/sample. When using 1.5 mg/l IBA combined with 2 mg/l BA, the gerbera daisies obtained a bud formation rate of 44.45% with an average number of 5 buds/sample; ancient pink gerbera daisies achieved a high bud formation rate of 46.15%, with an average number of 6 buds/sample. Media with 0.05 mg/l NAA and 0.3 mg/l IBA produced 6-7 roots, about 2.5 cm in length; the temperature of 20-25oC was most suitable for rooting in 2 varieties of gerbera daisy. After forming roots, the plantlets were planted in a substrate consisting of 50% sand + 30% soil + 20% smoked rice husks. The survival rate after 8 weeks and the height of the ancient yellow gerbera daisies and ancient pink gerbera daisies reached 98.26%, 14.8 cm, 99.05%, and 12.6 cm, respectively.
Breaking boundaries: Unraveling metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in children of India and Canada
Authors: Sood Vikrant , Lal Bikrant B , Deshmukh Aniket , Khanna Rajeev , Gahunia Esha , Strain Jamie , Jimenez Rivera Carolina , Alam Seema , Kehar Mohit
Published: February 2024

Background:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease in children. Its prevalence is rising globally, yet it is uncertain if its onset and severity vary between countries. We aimed to compare pediatric NAFLD in two Canadian and Indian tertiary care centers.

Methods:

This study was conducted as a retrospective cohort study and patient related details were retrieved from the electronic records and reviewed.

Results:

The study analyzed a total of 184 children with NAFLD/MASLD (94 from the Indian site and 89 from the Canadian site) with concordance between NAFLD and MASLD definitions. The Indian children had a higher proportion of symptomatic presentations and family history of metabolic disorders ( p = 0.0001) while the Canadian children had higher median weight, BMI, blood pressure, and waist circumference ( p < 0.05). Indian children had higher hepatic transaminases and low density lipoprotein levels, while the Canadian site had higher serum insulin, blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, liver stiffness, and controlled attenuation parameter values ( p < 0.05). Majority (78%) of the Canadian children who underwent liver biopsy had significant fibrosis (>stage 2). In the overall cohort, waist circumference could be identified as an independent risk factor, irrespective of country of origin, predicting hepatic fibrosis.

Conclusions:

The study found significant differences between cohorts. Canadian children showed higher obesity grades and greater hepatic steatosis and fibrosis severity. To comprehend the underlying causes, future studies are imperative.
Exploring autoantibodies as predictors of severe fibrosis or cirrhosis in metabolic dysfunction associated with steatotic liver disease
Authors: Ragheb Mariam , Grubert Van Iderstine Micah , Minuk Gerald , Faisal Nabiha
Published: February 2024

Background:

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are rapidly growing public health concerns. Identifying predictive markers for advanced liver disease in MASLD patients is crucial for early intervention. This study investigates the association between autoantibody positivity and risk for severe fibrosis or cirrhosis across various subgroups.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective study of adult patients diagnosed with MASLD between 1994 and 2019. Autoantibody status (anti-nuclear and anti-smooth muscle antibodies) was assessed using laboratory studies. Hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis was determined histologically or through accepted non-invasive measures. Logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate the association between autoantibody positivity and severe fibrosis or cirrhosis. Patients with comorbid viral and alcohol liver disease were assessed separately.

Results:

Among 2,749 MASLD patients, 1,425 (51.8%) were male and 1,324 (48.2%) were female, with a mean age of 58.7 years. A total of 541 (19.7%) patients tested positive for autoantibodies. Autoantibody positivity was associated with a higher risk of severe fibrosis or cirrhosis in MASLD patients (odds ratio 1.28, 95% CI [1.0–1.6]). This association persisted across various subgroups, including those with concurrent hepatitis B and C virus infections. In contrast, in alcohol liver disease, autoantibody-positive patients exhibited a lower risk.

Conclusion:

Autoantibody positivity emerges as a potential predictive marker for advanced liver disease in MASLD patients, facilitating risk stratification and tailored interventions. This study highlights the clinical relevance of autoantibodies in MASLD and underscores the need for prospective validation and mechanistic investigations to refine risk assessment and management strategies.
Voltage control of submersible electric motors.
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, I. GLADJ , M. ROMANIUK ,   Lutsk National Technical University, I. BANDURA ,   Lutsk National Technical University
Published: February 2024

The methods and means of voltage control on the clamps of submersible electric motors of electric drills are considered. The peculiarities of the submersible electric motor as a consumer of electrical energy when it is powered by three-phase voltage via a cable line with asymmetric electrical resistances of the phases are revealed. The main downhole factors influencing the functioning of the submersible electric motor that rotates the drill bit during drilling of deep oil and gas wells are analyzed. The impact of the temperature of the drilling fluid on the value of the active resistance of the cable cores and the drill pipe in deep drilling conditions has been updated. The results of the analysis of known technical solutions and concepts regarding the possibility of voltage control on the clamps of submersible motors, which would implement its physical measurement in industrial conditions, are presented. A method of analytically calculating the phase voltages on the clamps of the submersible electric motor of the electric drill, which is powered by an electric cable with asymmetric electric resistances of the phases, is proposed. The possibility of practical implementation of a laboratory installation based on the proposed method of calculating phase voltages on the clamps of the submersible electric motor of an electric drill is shown. For the practical implementation of the method of analytical calculation of phase voltages on the clamps of a submersible electric motor, the feasibility of using digital processing of signals from current and voltage transmitters located on the surface during oil or gas well drilling is substantiated. The advantages of the proposed method of controlling the voltage on the clamps of the submersible electric motor of the electric drill are the consideration of the electrical parameters of specific power supply cables obtained as a result of auxiliary measurements, and the possibility of technical implementation on a modern element base. The development and implementation of a device for monitoring phase voltages on the clamps of the submersible electric motor of an electric drill will increase the operational reliability and efficiency of drilling wells with an electric drill, which will reduce their cost.
Improvement and optimization of high voltage grounding systems.
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University», E. NIEMTSEV
Published: February 2024

The article conducted research aimed at studying the modern challenges and prospects of improvement and optimization of grounding systems at high voltage substations. High -voltage power systems require high attention to safety and reliability, especially when designing, equipping and operating grounding systems. This is critical for protecting people and equipment from electrical shocks and overvoltages, as well as reducing the risk of accidents. The development of grounding systems is closely related to the technologies of production and transmission of electricity, with requirements for protection against atmospheric discharges, transitional processes and ensuring electromagnetic compatibility. Modern grounding systems should take into account not only safety and reliability, but also environmental standards, efficiency of resource use and integration into different energy systems. This requires the use of new materials, design, maintenance and innovative technologies. The design of an effective grounding system should take into account various factors: type of equipment, geological conditions, climatic features, electromagnetic interference. The choice of materials for grounding depends on their electrical characteristics, durability and corrosion resistance. Scientific studies in the field of grounding systems include modeling current and the impact of pulse currents, analysis of transitional behavior in grounding networks, development of parametric databases for design, influence of the state of contact on grounding behavior in transitional processes, as well as investigation.The purpose of the work was to search for factors that influence the operation of grounding systems during impulse transitional processes to optimize these systems. The use of theoretical research, the analysis of regulatory bases and the use of software complexes made it possible to visualize the picture of the voltage distribution in impulse transitional processes. Such studies emphasize the importance of ensuring pulsed grounding stability, which depends not only on geometry, but also on the electromagnetic properties of the soil. Under the effect of high pulse currents, grounding systems require accurate design for effective "discharge" of pulse currents and ensuring the proper level of electromagnetic compatibility at substations.
Genetic algorithms in the problems of solar power-station optimisation
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University», D. OSTRENKO , O. KOLLAROV ,   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University»
Published: February 2024

Solving the tasks of finding the maximum in the field of renewable energy sources. The scientific work is devoted to the application of genetic algorithms to solve the problems of optimizing the efficiency of solar energy in renewable energy sources. The main focus of the work is on finding the maximum parameter values in solar power plants. The relevance of the study is due to the constant growth in the popularity of the use of solar energy and the need to increase its conversion efficiency. The application of genetic algorithms in solving the tasks of finding the maximum in solar energy is an important step in achieving optimal configurations of FES and ensuring the stable functioning of this type of power plants in general. The work includes the analysis of the influence of various parameters on the efficiency of photovoltaic panels and the development of optimal strategies for the use of genetic algorithms to improve their performance. The obtained results open up new opportunities for increasing the competitiveness of FES in the field of renewable energy sources. The genetic algorithm is recognized for its ability to provide quality results and work faster than the selection method. This method is widely used in world practice [6]. Modern algorithms for tasks where the size of the search space is so large that the exact finding of the optimal solution becomes impossible, then in such cases heuristic solutions meet the requirements, have also been studied. One of the goals of the research is the analysis of optimization algorithms and their applicability for solving the optimization tasks of solar energy. Genetic algorithms, although effective, have their limitations - in many cases, they tend to converge to a local optimum (or even an arbitrary point), instead of a global one. This indicates their inability to decide how to maintain high fitness in the short term. Additionally, the complication is related to how to protect evolutionarily formed parts from destructive mutations [7, 9]. In the process of research, the specified limitations were taken into account and mechanisms were developed to reduce their negative impact. The algorithm considered in the work is not only resistant to local minima, but also, due to the internal parallelism expressed in working with individual solutions, rather than whole classes of solutions, provides a relatively fast search for the optimal solution. Research methods basically use the iterative technique of improving results
Understanding riddles by third grade students with severe speech impairments
Authors: Kovalenko Oksana Mikhailovna
Published: February 2024

The article describes the difficulties of guessing riddles by students of third grades with severe speech disorders. The presented answers are distributed by puzzles and can serve as the basis for the development of the relevant areas and methods of speech therapy work to expand knowledge and ideas about the surrounding reality in third -class students with severe speech impairments.
New Synthesis of 2-Aminopyrimidines by Amination of Biginelli Reaction Products — Oxadiazocines
Authors: Turgunalieva Daria M. , Kulakov Ivan V.
Published: February 2024

Abstract Previously, we synthesized methanobenzo[g][1,3,5]oxadiazocines and methanonaphtho[2,3-g]­[1,3,5]oxadiazocines via the Biginelli reaction using thiourea with acetoacetic ester or acetylacetone and salicylaldehyde or 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde under acidic catalysis and microwave irradiation. These compounds were then subjected to alkylation reaction with ethyl bromide in the presence of potassium carbonate in dimethylformamide. Under these mild reaction conditions, possible thione-thiol tautomerism of the oxadiazocines, as well as their structural analogs of cyclic thioureas, predominantly yielded in S-alkylation products with minor amounts of N-alkylation products. Further nucleophilic substitution reactions of S-ethyl-methanobenzo[g][1,3,5]oxadiazocines and S-ethyl-methanonaphtho[2,3-g][1,3,5]oxadiazocines revealed that alongside nucleophilic substitution by morpholine, elimination of phenol or naphthol occurred, followed by aromatization of the dihydropyrimidinone ring into an aromatic pyrimidine ring, resulting in the formation of 2-morpholinyl-substituted pyrimidines. Only a few examples and multi-step syntheses for obtaining such 2-amino-substituted pyrimidines are presented in the literature. Therefore, our newly discovered method for obtaining widely demanded derivatives of 2-aminopyrimidines is presented both relevant and promising.