bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coupling Hydrogenation of Guaiacol with In Situ Hydrogen Production by Glycerol Aqueous Reforming over Ni/Al2O3 and Ni-X/Al2O3 (X = Cu, Mo, P) Catalysts
Authors: Chen Ziyin , Kukushkin Roman G. , Yeletsky Petr M. , Saraev Andrey A. , Bulavchenko Olga A. , Millan Marcos
Published: July 2020

Biomass-derived liquids, such as bio-oil obtained by fast pyrolysis, can be a valuable source of fuels and chemicals. However, these liquids have high oxygen and water content, needing further upgrading typically involving hydrotreating using H2 at high pressure and temperature. The harsh reaction conditions and use of expensive H2 have hindered the progress of this technology and led to the search for alternative processes. In this work, hydrogenation in aqueous phase is investigated using in-situ produced hydrogen from reforming of glycerol, a low-value by-product from biodiesel production, over Ni-based catalysts. Guaiacol was selected as a bio-oil model compound and high conversion (95%) to phenol and aromatic ring hydrogenation products was obtained over Ni/γ-Al2O3 at 250 °C and 2-h reaction time. Seventy percent selectivity to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone was achieved at this condition. Hydrogenation capacity of P and Mo modified Ni/γ-Al2O3 was inhibited because more hydrogen undergoes methanation, while Cu showed a good performance in suppressing methane formation. These results demonstrate the feasibility of coupling aqueous phase reforming of glycerol with bio-oil hydrogenation, enabling the reaction to be carried out at lower temperatures and pressures and without the need for molecular H2.
Serum Malondialdehyde-Modified Low-Density Lipoprotein Is a Risk Factor for Central Arterial Stiffness in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Hou Jia-Sian , Wang Chih-Hsien , Lai Yu-Hsien , Kuo Chiu-Huang , Lin Yu-Li , Hsu Bang-Gee , Tsai Jen-Pi
Published: July 2020

Circulating malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein (MDA-LDL) acts as a marker of oxidative stress and is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The relationship between serum MDA-LDL levels and aortic stiffness (AS) in patients with hemodialysis (HD) was evaluated. There were 155 HD patients enrolled in this study. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured by a validated tonometry system. Patients with cfPWV >10 m/s were used to define the AS group, while those with values of ≤10 m/s were regarded as the control group. Serum MDA-LDL levels were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sixty-eight patients (43.9%) who were defined as AS sufferers, and were older, had a higher percentage of diabetes and hypertension and higher systolic blood pressure and serum MDA-LDL level compared to subjects in the control group. After adjusting for factors significantly associated with AS by multivariable logistic regression analysis, it was revealed that serum MDA-LDL levels, diabetes, and hypertension were independent predictors of AS in HD patients. Multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analysis also showed that a logarithmically transformed MDA-LDL level was significantly correlated with cfPWV values in HD patients. In HD patients, a high serum MDA-LDL level was positively associated with cfPWV values and was a significant predictor of the development of high AS.
Making Way for Trees? Changes in Land-Use, Habitats and Protected Areas in Great Britain under “Global Tree Restoration Potential”
Authors: Wilkes Martin A. , Bennett James , Burbi Sara , Charlesworth Sue , Dehnen-Schmutz Katharina , Rayns Francis , Schmutz Ulrich , Smith Barbara , Tilzey Mark , Trenchard Liz , Van De Wiel Marco
Published: July 2020

Numerous tree planting initiatives have been launched worldwide, based on the idea that carbon capture by trees can help to limit global warming. A recent study estimated the additional tree canopy cover that could be established given the growing conditions in every square kilometre of land on earth that is not already forested, urbanised, or used for crop production. It reported a total “tree restoration potential” of >900 million ha worldwide and identified hotspots where opportunities for tree planting initiatives may be the greatest. With the potential for an estimated 4.2 million ha of additional canopy cover, one such hotspot is Great Britain. We quantify the extent of habitats, land uses, and protected areas that would be impacted by tree planting on this scale in Great Britain and discuss the potential social–ecological trade-offs involved. Our findings show that realising the “tree restoration potential” would mean a considerable upheaval for the British landscape with 30–50% of ecologically valuable habitats lost and a reduction of 44% in the area of improved grassland. Up to 21% of land protected by law for its ecological, scientific, scenic, or cultural value would be impacted. Importantly, we demonstrate that an alternative approach based on increasing tree canopy cover by up to 20% in urban areas and on cropland could make a substantial contribution to tree planting targets, potentially offsetting losses elsewhere. Such shifts in the structure and function of the British landscape will depend on deep changes in the food system, evidence-based decisions about which existing habitats to protect, and a long-term commitment to tree planting and maintenance.
Enhancing Historic Building Performance with the Use of Fuzzy Inference System to Control the Electric Cooling System
Authors: Martinez-Molina Antonio , Alamaniotis Miltiadis
Published: July 2020

In recent years, the interest in properly conditioning the indoor environment of historic buildings has increased significantly. However, maintaining a suitable environment for building and artwork preservation while keeping comfortable conditions for occupants is a very challenging and multi-layered job that might require a considerable increase in energy consumption. Most historic structures use traditional on/off heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system controllers with predetermined setpoints. However, these controllers neglect the building sensitivity to occupancy and relative humidity changes. Thus, sophisticated controllers are needed to enhance historic building performance to reduce electric energy consumption and increase sustainability while maintaining the building historic values. This study presents an electric cooling air controller based on a fuzzy inference system (FIS) model to, simultaneously, control air temperature and relative humidity, taking into account building occupancy patterns. The FIS numerically expresses variables via predetermined fuzzy sets and their correlation via 27 fuzzy rules. This intelligent model is compared to the typical thermostat on/off baseline control to evaluate conditions of cooling supply during cooling season. The comparative analysis shows a FIS controller enhancing building performance by improving thermal comfort and optimizing indoor environmental conditions for building and artwork preservation, while reducing the HVAC operation time by 5.7%.
Mechanisms Implemented for the Sustainable Development of Agriculture: An Overview of Cabo Verde Performance
Authors: Varela Danilson , Monteiro Filipa , Vidigal Patrícia , Silva Luís , Romeiras Maria M.
Published: July 2020

In 2005, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) adopted the Common Agricultural Policy of ECOWAS (ECOWAP), as an instrument for implementing the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Program (CAADP). The main goals of ECOWAP/CAADP were set to promote agriculture development and end hunger by 2025. In this study we focused on the Cabo Verde archipelago as one of the best performing countries within ECOWAS in terms of overall sustainable development. In this paper, the evolution of the ECOWAP implementation and of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) associated with agriculture in Cabo Verde, were assessed by semi-quantitative (e.g., agricultural policies, agrarian periodical literature) and quantitative (modeling regression of ECOWAP implementation and Sustainable Development Goals—SDGs—performance) analyses. Our integrated results suggest that the agriculture development strategies, the signature of ECOWAP/CAADP by the national government, and political stability might explain the progress made towards poverty reduction and the improvement of food security. The results also show that agriculture-related SDGs in Cabo Verde are higher than the mean values obtained from the remaining West African countries, well above the top 25% WA countries. Nevertheless, Cabo Verde public expenditure into agriculture under the ECOWAP was generally below the targeted 10% of the national budget, with food import required to meet internal food demands.
Inter-Strain Epigenomic Profiling Reveals a Candidate IAP Master Copy in C3H Mice
Authors: Rebollo Rita , Galvão-Ferrarini Mariana , Gagnier Liane , Zhang Ying , Ferraj Ardian , Beck Christine R. , Lorincz Matthew C. , Mager Dixie L.
Published: July 2020

Insertions of endogenous retroviruses cause a significant fraction of mutations in inbred mice but not all strains are equally susceptible. Notably, most new Intracisternal A particle (IAP) ERV mutagenic insertions have occurred in C3H mice. We show here that strain-specific insertional polymorphic IAPs accumulate faster in C3H/HeJ mice, relative to other sequenced strains, and that IAP transcript levels are higher in C3H/HeJ embryonic stem (ES) cells compared to other ES cells. To investigate the mechanism for high IAP activity in C3H mice, we identified 61 IAP copies in C3H/HeJ ES cells enriched with H3K4me3 (a mark of active promoters) and, among those tested, all are unmethylated in C3H/HeJ ES cells. Notably, 13 of the 61 are specific to C3H/HeJ and are members of the non-autonomous 1Δ1 IAP subfamily that is responsible for nearly all new insertions in C3H. One copy is full length with intact open reading frames and hence potentially capable of providing proteins in trans to other 1Δ1 elements. This potential “master copy” is present in other strains, including 129, but its 5’ long terminal repeat (LTR) is methylated in 129 ES cells. Thus, the unusual IAP activity in C3H may be due to reduced epigenetic repression coupled with the presence of a master copy.
Quality of life and psychological adjustments in the case of hand-arm vibration syndrome affected by local vibration
Authors: Babanov S.
Published: July 2020

The data on the influence of a hand-arm vibration syndrome affected by local vibration on the quality of life and coping strategies of the examined patients are shown in this article. The basic changes in the parameters of patients’ quality of life with the hand-arm vibration syndrome examined by the results of the SF-36 questionnaire and coping strategies of patients with the hand-arm vibration syndrome according to the data of the Lazarus coping test of varying degrees of severity of a hand-arm vibration syndrome are described.
Comparative analysis of somatic morbidity of habitants suffering from depressive disorders in the heilongjiang province of china and the Khabarovsk region of Russia
Authors: Levkova E. , Savin S. , Solodkaya E.
Published: July 2020

Actual research revealed definite differences in the condition of somatic health of the population of the transboundary regions of Russia and China in the Amur River region. The conducted interdisciplinary research provides opportunities for a deeper understanding of the causes and mechanisms of develop-ment of mental disabilities against the background of general morbidity. The use of ethnocultural ap-proaches makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation and pre-vention of somatic, mental and behavioural disabilities. A model of the organisation of therapeutic and psychiatric care in transboundary regions is proposed, which will increase the level of social and indi-vidual somatic and mental health.
PENERAPAN METODE KARYA WISATA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS QUALITY PADA MATA KULIAH PENDIDIKAN IPA KELAS RENDAH TAHUN AKADEMIK 2019-2020
Authors: Tiolina Siregar Hotma , Tarigan Rupina M
Published: July 2020

The reseacrh aims of this study was to determine the effect of the use of the Field Trip Method on the Learning Motivation of University Students Quality Semester IV Class 2B23 Academic Year 2019-2020. This study uses a quasi-experimental type. The technique used to determine the experimental and control groups is simple random sampling. Data collection techniques in this study used tests, and observation sheets. The results showed that there was a significant effect of learning achievement on the Low Class Natural Science Education Course between the experimental group and the control group. This is evidenced from the results of the calculation of the t-test score increasing learning achievement at a significance level of 5% (95% confidence level) obtained tcount = 3.734. The next tcount value is compared with the ttable value. T value = 3,734> t table = 1,687, this states that the difference is significant because t count> t table.
ЕКСПРЕСИВНІСТЬ ІНШОМОВНОГО СЛОВА В СУЧАСНИХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ТРЕВЕЛОГАХ
Authors: Моштаг Є. С.
Published: July 2020

У статті розглянуто експресивність іншомовних слів, зокрема екзотизмів, варваризмів і агнонімів у сучасних українських тревелогах. Актуальність дослідження обумовлена поглибленням глобалізаційних процесів і, як наслідок, взаємопроникненням культур. Метою роботи є виявлення основних функцій іншомовних слів у текстах тревелогів. Основним завданням є виявлення стратегій уведення в текст іншомовних слів. У результаті дослідження з’ясовано, що іншомовні елементи вносять у текст своєрідну експресію — і ту, що вже існувала в цих одиницях у мові-джерелі, і ту, якою їх наділяє автор у процесі лінгвістичного осмислення подорожніх вражень.
ОНОМАСТИЧНИЙ ОСЕРЕДОК МИХАЙЛА ТОРЧИНСЬКОГО
Authors: Янчура Д.
Published: July 2020

У статті описано особливості дослідницької й освітньої діяльності українського ономаста Михайла Миколайовича Торчинського як засновника самостійного ономастичного центру, окремої української ономастичної школи. Проаналізовано навчально-виховну діяльність ученого й колективу його підопічних, схарактеризовано його методологічні засади, спроєктовані на дослідження пропріальної лексики, визначено перспективу розвитку ономастичних досліджень, що простежується в межах зазначеного осередка.

Дослідження скорельовано з основними критеріями, що визначають статус наукової школи. Аналіз науково-виховної діяльності М. Торчинського і його вихованців дав змогу дійти висновку, що М. Торчинський заснував потужний ономастичний осередок, який формує його наукову школу, що активно розвивається.

Ключові слова: ономастичний осередок, наукова школа, українські ономастичні школи, Михайло Торчинський, Хмельницький національний університет.
СПЕЦИФІКА СЕМАНТИЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ НАУКОВО-ТЕХНІЧНІЙ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ
Authors: Кримець О. М.
Published: July 2020

У статті досліджено семантичні процеси як чинники розвитку термінологічної лексики. Розглянуто специфіку таких семантичних процесів, як розширення, звуження й зміщення значення у сфері української науково-технічної термінології. На численних прикладах продемонстровано, що семантичний процес розширення значення в термінології супроводжується детермінізацією й ретермінізацією, процес звуження значення – термінізацією й ретермінізацією, а процес зміщення – термінізацією, ретермінізацією й транстермінізацією. Доведено, що мотивують семантичні процеси в термінології метафоричне переосмислення й метонімне зрушення вихідних значень.

Ключові слова: семантичні процеси, термінологія, розширення значення, звуження значення, зміщення значення, метафора, метонімія.
УКРАЇНСЬКА ВІЙСЬКОВА ЛЕКСИКА: ДІАХРОНІЯ МОВОЗНАВЧИХ СТУДІЙ
Authors: Удовіченко Л. Г.
Published: July 2020

Діахронічний аналіз вивчення української військової лексики показав, що зазначена система має багатий науковий і лексикографічний доробок, який ще повною мірою не досліджений і не осмислений. Потребує розробки фахова сфера військової науки, оскільки сучасна військова термінологія обслуговує розгалужену систему служб і підрозділів, що виявляють зумовлену сферою діяльності специфіку, розвиваються самостійно й формують власні термінологічні тезауруси. Зазначено нагальність опису термінології Національної поліції України, укладання фахових словників і покажчиків. Ключові слова: діахронія, українська військова лексика, українська військова термінологія, фаховий словник, Національна поліція України.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ КОМПОЗИЦІЇ РЕЦЕНЗІЇ НА ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНИЙ СЛОВНИК
Authors: Петрова Т. О.
Published: July 2020

У статті визначено особливості композиції рецензії на термінологічний словник: (1) різнорівневість і полікомпонентність її системної організації, (2) залежність змісту композиційних компонентів від суті положень алгоритму поетапного оцінювання термінологічних словників, (3) аналітичність компонентів рецензії (значна кількість відповідних їм субкомпонентів). З’ясовано, що рецензія на термінологічний словник є ієрархічною гранд- / мегаструктурою; складники рецензії – Заголовок, Вступ, Основна частина й Висновки – є співкомпонентами нижчого рівня ієрархії, що створюють її макроструктуру; субкомпоненти формують її мікроструктуру.

Ключові слова: рецензія на термінологічний словник, композиція, компоненти композиції, субкомпоненти, гранд- / мегаструктура, макроструктура, мікроструктура, термінологічний словник.
ДИСКУРС ЖАХІВ І ТЕКСТ ЖАХІВ: СПРОБА ТЕОРЕТИЧНОГО ВИОКРЕМЛЕННЯ
Authors: Сазонова Я. Ю.
Published: July 2020

Розвідка присвячена теоретичному обґрунтуванню понять дискурс жахів і текст жахів на засадах лінгвістичної прагматики й ставить за мету дослідити особливості текстів як каналів комунікації автора й читача в дискурсивному просторі жахів. Актуальність і перспективність дослідження зумовлені наявним попитом на теоретико-методологічне й практичне вивчення комунікативних процесів у різних дискурсах і формах. Запропонована спроба обґрунтування понять дискурс жахів і текст жахів дає передусім відповіді на питання існування критеріїв аналізу комунікації, ускладненої пристрасним компонентом. Ключові слова: дискурс жахів, дискурсивний простір, текст, комунікація, комунікативний смисл «страх».
НОВЫЙ УЧЕБНЫЙ СЛОВАРЬ
Authors: Космеда Т. А.
Published: July 2020

В каждом образованном обществе особенно трепетно относятся к справочной литературе – энциклопедиям, различного рода словарям, в частности к толковым лексиконам, из которых пользователь получает информацию о значении слов и устойчивых выражений. Чрезвычайно важны в период активных межъязыковых связей переводные словари, в частности учебного типа. Именно к подобной разновидности лексикографической продукции относится рецензируемый словарь.
ПОНЯТТЯ ВІДСУТНІСТЬ ЯК ЛІНГВОКОГНІТИВНА КАТЕГОРІЯ: РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦІЯ В МОВНІЙ СИСТЕМІ
Authors: Маленко О. О.
Published: July 2020

Серед базових абстрактних понять, долучених до формування концептуальної картини людини й спільноти, належить «відсутність» як компонент опозиційної онтологійної дихотомії «присутність – відсутність». У вимірі цієї дихотомії відбувається виокремлення тих об’єктів буття, що є обов’язковими для людини, натомість їхня відсутність усвідомлюється як руйнація упорядкованості й цілісності, загроза гармонійному перебігу життя. Лінгвістичний аналіз цього важливого поняття в проекції на когнітивні аспекти його вербальної репрезентації відповідає потребам сучасної лінгвістики щодо вивчення й опису різнорівневих мовних одиниць як засобів внутрішньої категоризації онтологійно важливих сутностей. Свого часу Олена Кубрякова визначила вектор когнітивних досліджень у лінгвістиці установкою на те, що мову варто вивчати «не лише як унікальний об’єкт, який розглядається в ізоляції, але значною мірою і як засіб доступу до всіх ментальних процесів, що відбуваються в голові людини й визначають її власне буття й функціонування в суспільстві» (Кубрякова, 2004: 9). Саме в таких дослідницьких стратегіях і перебуває лінгвістика ХХІ століття, дедалі глибше занурюючись у ментальні аннали мовного освоєння людиною дійсності.
Evaluation of the adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells to differentendodontic biomaterials before and after setting
Authors: Aghazade Marzie , Samiei Mohammad , Imani Marjan , Aghazadeh Zahra , Alizadeh Effat , Rezaie Fereshte
Published: July 2020

Background. Stem cell-based treatment modalities have been potential strategies for tissue regenerationin many conditions. Several studies have evaluated the biologic properties of DPSCs and their efficacyin the treatment of a variety of diseases. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the adhesionbehavior of DPSCs on different endodontic materials before and after setting. Methods. The crowns of the selected teeth were removed, and the root canals were prepared andobturated with gutta-percha and AH26 sealer. A retrograde cavity was prepared at root ends. Differentmaterials were placed in the cavities. Then the samples were attached to the wells with the use of achemical glue. Dental pulp stem cells were allowed to proliferate to reach a count of 2 million andtransferred to -12well plates in association with a culture medium. Finally, the samples attached to thewells were exposed to the stem cells immersed in the culture medium before and after setting. Thenadhesion of the stem cells was evaluated using SEM. Results. The SEM results showed cellular adhesion in the samples containing CEM cement both beforeand after setting. The samples containing MTA Angelus and ProRoot MTA exhibited cellular adhesionbefore setting, with no cellular adhesion after setting. The samples containing AH26 and MTA Fillapexsealers exhibited cellular adhesion after setting, with no adhesion before setting. The samples containingsimvastatin exhibited no cellular adhesion before setting; this material had dissolved in the culturemedium after setting evaluation. Conclusion. The results of the present study showed that of all the materials tested, CEM cement hadthe highest capacity for dental pulp stem cell adhesion.
Cyclic fatigue resistance of reduced-taper nickel-titanium (NiTi)instruments in doubled-curved (S-shaped) canals at body temperature
Authors: Uslu Gülsah , Gündoğar Mustafa , Özyürek Taha , Plotino Gianluca
Published: July 2020

Background. This study was conducted to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of VDW.ROTATE,TruNatomy Prime, HyFlex CM, and 2Shape nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments in doublecurvedcanals in a simulated clinical environment. Methods. Eighty NiTi files were used for the fatigue testing in stainless steel canals compatible withinstrument sizes until fracture occurred (n=20): VDW.ROTATE (04./25#), TruNatomy Prime (04./26#),HyFlex CM (04./25#) and 2Shape TS04./25#( 1). For each instrument, the number of cycles to fracture(NCF) was calculated, and the fractured fragment length (FL) was measured. To verify that the fileswere fractured due to cyclic fatigue, the fractured surfaces of the files were evaluated under a scanningelectron microscope. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis and Student’s t-tests atthe %95 confidence level. Results. The failure of the files due to cyclic fatigue was first seen in the apical curvature before thecoronal curvature (P<0.05). The highest fatigue resistance was observed in VDW.ROTATE and HyFlexCM files in both curvatures (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the fatigue resistancebetween the HyFlex CM and VDW.ROTATE files or between the 2Shape and the TruNatomy files(P>0.05). There was no difference in the fractured lengths of the files between the apical and coronalcurvatures (P>0.05). Conclusion. In artificial S-shaped root canals, VDW.ROTATE and HyFlex CM files exhibited higherfatigue resistance compared to 2Shape and TruNatomy files.
On Some Characterization of Preinvex Fuzzy Mappings
Authors: Khan Muhammad Bilal , Noor Muhammad Aslam , Noor Khalida Inayat
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a new notion of generalized convex fuzzy mapping is introduced, which is called α-preinvex fuzzy mapping on the α-invex set. We have investigated the characterization of preinvex fuzzy mappings using α-preinvex fuzzy mappings, which can be viewed as a novel and innovative application. Some important and significant special cases are discussed. We have also investigated that the minimum of α-preinvex fuzzy mappings can be characterized by fuzzy α-variational like inequalities.
Variations in Gestational Anthropometric Parameters of Pregnant Subjects and their Predictive Values of the Birth Weight of the Neonate
Authors: Ikeotuonye Arinze Chidiebele , Asomugha Lasbery Azuoma , Nwafor Johnbosco Ifunanya , Anikwe Christian Chidebe , Egbuji Chuma Conrad , Oliobi Chinwe Wendy
Published: July 2020

Background: Birth weight is an important determinant of an infant’s well-being as low or large birth weight are associated with morbidities or mortality during pregnancy and later in life. Maternal anthropometry is a potential veritable tool in evaluation of pregnancy status and prediction of birth weight.
Aim: This study was designed to determine the predictive values of the gestational variations of some anthropometric parameters in booked pregnant subjects at the antenatal clinic of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki and in which trimester these anthropometric parameters (weight, height, BMI, BSA) correlates better with the birth weight of a neonate.
Application of iLearning Education in Learning Methods for Entrepreneurship and Elementary School Student Innovation
Authors: Rii Kim Beom , Choi Lee Kyung , Shino Yamato , Kenta Hiroshi , Adianita Irsa Rizkita
Published: July 2020

Primary school is an early age in the introduction of information and communication technology, therefore it is necessary to be prepared abilities and skills in the use of technology. Learning about entrepreneurship at the elementary school level is generally still traditional, where valuable renewal results are created. However, in this 4.0 era, many elementary students still traditionally run entrepreneurship, this has not been a challenge in line with the Ministry of Education and Culture on an independent campus. In order to create the involvement of young people in the field of entrepreneurship, the right solution is how entrepreneurship learning in Learning can be applied from an early age, namely to elementary school students. SEP (School Enrichment Program) is an entrepreneurial learning application based on iLearning aimed at elementary school students to have a high quality of creativity and a willingness to innovate at an early age. Based on the observational test results the Ubiquitous Learning Method is significantly able to influence the motivation of elementary school students to be enthusiastic in terms of entrepreneurial learning from an early age, and to show the results that Cronbach's Alpha 0.9> 0.6 ie the SEP is very accurate in its application especially can improve the results significant in influencing the formation of intentions in entrepreneurship even more starting to spread the trend of entrepreneurship which has now touched various circles, one of them among students.
Nivel de conocimiento sobre primeros auxilios en traumatismo y quemaduras en estudiantes del tercero de secundaria del colegio Militar Elías Aguirre, Chiclayo 2016
Authors: Barboza Vargas Cleidy Diana Betzabet , Sánchez Santisteban Milagros del Pilar , Zevallos Cotrina Anita del Rosario
Published: July 2020

Los escolares  durante su estadía en las escuelas realizan actividades físicas y de juego  que los coloca en riesgo de accidentes  y que necesitaran el auxilio inicial de compañeros escolares capacitados en primeros auxilios.  Objetivo: principal del estudio fue  determinar el nivel de conocimientos sobre primeros Auxilios en traumatismos y quemaduras en estudiantes de tercero de secundaria del colegio militar Elías Aguirre. Método: Estudio de tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo  de corte transversal. El tipo de investigación fue Cuantitativo, diseño descriptivo de corte transversal. Participaron 86 alumnos estudiantes del tercero de secundaria, para la selección se realizó muestreo por conveniencia. Se aplicó el cuestionario “nivel de conocimientos sobre primeros auxilios, 2016”; instrumento elaborado por Castillo y Valerio con una confiabilidad de KuderR = 0.806.  Resultados principales: Indican que el 54.7% de estudiantes  del tercero de Secundaria del Colegio Militar Elías Aguirre, presentaron deficiente conocimiento acerca de generalidades de primeros auxilios;  54.7% con respecto a traumatismos y   quemaduras en un 54.7 %.  Conclusión general: Que los escolares desconocen sobre la importancia de los primeros auxilios, no definen correctamente que es luxación, no identifica los signos de contusión y  fractura y desconoce qué medidas aplicar frente a un quemadura. Es prioritario realizar  cursos de primeros en los alumnos ingresantes e implementar un consultorio escolar.
The Amur River Water During the Winter Low-water Period: The Many-year dynamics of the Sulfates Content and Runoff
Authors:   V.P.  Shesterkin,  N.M.  Shesterkina
Published: July 2020

Sulfates are the dominant ions among the major ones in the Amur region’s sewage. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to study the long-term dynamics of the content and runoff of sulfates in the Amur River in the winter low-water, based on the materials of Roshydromet for 1943-1976 and the author’s data for 1999-2019.Significant variations in the main areas were found due to both the diversity of natural conditions and anthropogenic influence in the areas of large cities and localities. The impact of the construction of hydroelectric power plants, significant economic changes in the Chinese part of the Amur basin, as well as the closure of pulp and paper and microbiological industries in the Russian part of the Amur basin on the long-term dynamics of the content and flow of sulfates is estimated. The maximum content of sulfates in the Amur River was observed after the accident at the Jilin chemical plant in China in December 2005. The influence of major floods on the increase in the flow of sulphates in the winter low-water was established.
Experience of Application of Hydro/acustic Profilograph for Estimation of Bottom
Sediments of Large Reservoirs (the Argazin Reservoir as a Study Case)
Authors:   A. V. Beloborodov, A. V. Bogomolov, A.P. Lepikhin, Y.S. Lyakhin
Published: July 2020

The work considers application of the method of sub-bottom profiling of
bottom sediments of a large reservoir with the use of modern instruments. Such studies are effective in assessing the volume of bottom sediments and the nature of their occurrence.
The use of acoustic profilographers in combination with control sampling of bottom
sediments without disruption of their vertical structure (column) enables to obtain at
minimum costs the necessary set of initial information for planning of further measures.
Anthropogenic Load on Water Bodies in the Upper Ob Basin
in Different Water Content Periods: the Dynamics and the Forecast
Authors:   N.V. Styashcheva
Published: July 2020

The paper considers the problem of pollution of water bodies by waste waters
from large industrial and municipal enterprises. An overview of methodical approaches to estimation of anthropogenic load on water bodies leading to changes in their water quality is carried out. The level of anthropogenic load on water bodies of the Upper Ob basin was estimated using such indicators as waste water dilution ratio and the pollutant load based on its conditional mass (reduced to MAC). The calculation was carried out for periods of different water content: average and low water content, as well as summer-autumn and winter low-water periods. It was revealed that the highest wastewater dilution ratio (over 1000 times) is characteristic of mountainous rivers of the Republic of Altai, Altai Kray and the north of Tomsk oblast. Rivers of industrially loaded regions show the lowest dilution ratio. These are the Chulym (Krasny Zavod gauging station), Inya, Tom (Novokuznetsk), Kondoma, as well as Aley and Kasmala rivers distinguished by insignificant flow volume.
The assessment of the conditional pollutant load for the Tom river basin has shown that
small and very small rivers, where wastewater is often discharged without treatment, are the most susceptible to pollution. It is found that during the summer-autumn and winter low water periods the anthropogenic load on water bodies increases tenfold. The forecast of anthropogenic load dynamics, made on the basis of materials of strategic documents of the socio-economic development of the regions up to 2035, showed a reduction in the dilution ratio of wastewater against a significant increase in the volume of water used, primarily for the needs of industry and, accordingly, the generated wastewater. The solution to this situation may be the abandonment of the current technologies of water resources use in favor of applying the best available technologies in this industry.
INVESTIGATING INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERSHIP, TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, SELF-EFFICACY AND TRUST AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER
Authors: Musa Jumadi , Nazarudin Mohamad Nizam , Noordin Zakiah , Juati Nur Afny , Juhumin Hujaimah @ Siti Syafiqah
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between headmaster instructional leadership, headmaster transformational leadership, self-efficacy, and trust among primary school teachers. Furthermore, the study aims to examine the role of gender, age, and teaching experience in headmaster instructional leadership, headmaster transformational leadership, and self-efficacy. The participants were selected by proportional stratified sampling and simple random selection. This study adopted a survey research design that utilized an ex-post facto research type in which the researcher used questionnaires to collect data from the respondents. The instruments used are the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS), Multi-factor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ), Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES), and Trust Scale - Trust in Principal. A total of 297 respondents (mean age 37.4 + 1.5 years) from 71 schools were involved in this study. The data gathered from the respondents were downloaded into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for quantitative analysis. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between headmaster instructional leadership (r = .708, p <.05), headmaster transformational leadership (r= .683, p<.05), self-efficacy (r = .615, p <.05) and trust. It is found there is no significant difference among primary school teachers of different ages and teaching experience concerning their headmaster instructional leadership [F (2, 296) = 1.533, p> 0.05][F (2, 296) =. 878, p> 0.05], , headmaster transformational leadership [F(2, 296)=.396, p> 0.05][F(2, 296)=.396, p> 0.05] and teacher efficacy [F (2, 296) = 1.164, p> 0.05] [F (2, 296) = 1.204, p> 0.05]. The present study gains significance as the results can assist the teachers and organizations in enhancing the thrust of teachers.
THE VALIDATION OF GAMIFICATION BASED MODULE (Bio-GamyX) FOR TEACHING AND LEARNING BIOLOGY
Authors: Mohd Shapri Nur Izwani , Che Ahmad Che Nidzam
Published: July 2020

This study aims to obtain the value of content validity for the Bio-GamyX module draft. This module was developed based on the use of gamification elements in teaching and learning Biology specifically for topic Chemical Composition of the Cell. Gamification elements such as points, badges, leader board, levels/stages, storyline, and time restriction have been integrated into this module to engage students in teaching and learning, thus, making learning fun. As to validate this module draft, the process comprises of two main validation steps, namely 1. module content validation and 2. module activities validation. This study involves nine subject matters experts consist of academicians and practitioners in modular instruction, teaching and learning Biology, and gamification area. Before the validation process takes place, the Bio-GamyX module draft was developed after going through the process of literature review and need analysis. The module draft consists of eight sessions and eight activities. The results indicate that the Bio-GamyX module gained a high content validity value (84%) and a high validity of sessions and activities (88%) which is above the threshold value of 70% as advocates by Tuckman and Waheed, (1981). The implication of this study shows that the Bio-GamyX module has high content validity before it can be tested for its reliability in a pilot study.
THE USE OF PREPOSITIONS IN ARABIC AND ENGLISH: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Alwreikat Emad Abedalaziz , Yunus Kamariah
Published: July 2020

Arabic and English are derived from different language families. While Arabic belongs to the Semitic family, English belongs to Germanic languages (Alhaj, 2015). Consequently, these two languages are supposed to have dissimilar prepositional structures. The methodology used in this study to comprehend these variances and resemblances regarding prepositions in Arabic and English, the researcher conducted a comparative study among these two prepositional systems. The objective of this paper is not to prove or disprove this claim. Its main focus is finding out how this syntactic feature is dealt with in English and Arabic in general and the contrast in the use of prepositions in both languages. To achieve this aim, the research makes use of the English categories of prepositions and gives the Arabic equivalents, in some cases, there is no Arabic equivalent because English prepositions are more than Arabic ones.
THE USE OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN MATHEMATICS TEACHING
Authors: Ku Mahamud Ku Hafisal , Shaari Abdull Sukor
Published: July 2020

Education transformation in Malaysia requires teachers to equip themselves with skills in the use of communication and information technology (ICT) in line with the developmental needs of national education policy. Based on these needs, this study was conducted to study the level of ICT use in teaching mathematics in secondary schools especially in the state of Kedah. This study used a cross-sectional survey design involving 343 mathematics teachers. Descriptive analysis of demographic aspects and average score (mean) was used to explain the level of variables studied. Based on the data analysis using SPSS, the mean scores on the use of ICT in the classroom were moderate (mean = 3.19). The findings of this study can serve as a guide for the Ministry of Education Malaysia and education officials to understand and further design intensive training programs, in particular, the strengthening of ICT use in national educational institutions.
HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES OF THE CITY CINEMAS UDMURT REPUBLIC OF THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY IN THE CENTRAL STATE ARCHIVE OF THE KIROV REGION (CHACO KIROV)
Authors: Ryzhkova Natalia Viktorovna
Published: July 2020

The article deals with historical and architectural features of the city's cinemas that have appeared in the Vyatka Governorate in the territory of the modern cities of the Udmurt Republic in the early twentieth century. On the basis identified in the research work of the author of the documents of the Central State archive of the Kirov Oblast (Kirov), investigated the problems of the structure and construction of cinema buildings, characterized the role of local authorities in the formation and development of cultural institutions in cities. The author finds out the influence of cinema buildings on the folding of the architectural appearance of the cities of Udmurtia, analyzes their location and related problems of formation of urban space. In the Fund of the Vyatka provincial Board (Construction Department) found documents testifying to their reliable architectural appearance, the features of their historical development, design, stages of construction and reconstruction. A valuable component is the confirmation of the authorship of some buildings.
VARIATION OF CASE SUFFIXES IN THE MODERN UDMURT LANGUAGE
Authors: Nekrasova Galina Alexandrovna
Published: July 2020

The paper deals with variable case suffixes having double vowel, differing by the presence/absence of a coaffix - ла and the presence/absence of an anlaut vowel. On the material of the Udmurt language Corpus the quantitative ratio of variable suffixes is revealed and the conditions of functioning of non-standard suffixes in the modern Udmurt language are analyzed. Suffixes that differ in vowels have instrumental, prolative and illative. Comparison of the degree of variation of suffixes showed that in the modern Udmurt language the process of unification of instrumental vocalization continues. The number of nouns accepting the instrumental exponent only with the vowel ы decreases; in parallel, the number of nouns admitting the suffix with double vowel and only with the vowel э increases. The variable suffixes of prolative and illative allow separate nouns with a variable root morpheme, which is represented by allomorphs differing by the presence/absence of a vowel ( кенос/кенс- ‘barn’, сэрег / сэрг- ‘corner’, etc.), and allomorphs differing by the presence/absence of a final consonant к ( кус/куск - ‘loin’, нюлэс/нюлэск - ‘forest’, etc.). Only related root allomorphs accept the suffix with vowel - ы . Variable suffixes, differing by the presence/absence of the coaffix -ла , allow open toponyms in illative ( -ла ~ -e ), inessive ( -лан ~ -ын ), elative ( -лась ~ -ысь ), egressive ( -ласен ~ -ысен ). In the modern Udmurt language, the correlation between variable suffixes is approximately equal, but there is a tendency to displace suffixes with coaffix -ла by standard suffixes. Individual nouns ending in a , ( корка ‘ouse, hut’, куа , куала ‘anctuary; summer kitchen’ кунокуа ‘otel’) in inessive ( -н ~ -ын ), elative ( -сь ~ -ысь ), egressive ( -сен ~ -ысен ) and prolative ( -тü ~ -етü ) allow variable suffixes, differing by the presence/absence of a vowel, illative has a suffix -е and zero morpheme. The degree of variation of suffixes depends on lexical and semantic conditions. Formants without anlaut vowel remain the preferred with the lexeme корка ‘house, hut’. It is established that in the modern Udmurt language the relation between variable forms changes, the sphere of functioning of all types of non-standard suffixes decreases. The variability of suffixes testifies to rather long preservation of proto-linguistic morphonological features and slow intra-linguistic unification of case suffixes.
FEATURES OF POEMS-SONGS OF THE UDMURT POET AIVO IVI
Authors: Kamitova Alevtina Vasilevna
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the features of the functioning of the song genre in the creative practice of Aivo Ivi. The appeal of the Udmurt poets of the beginning of the XX century to the creation of literary songs, which were alterations, imitations, re-singing and stylization of folk songs, was a common phenomenon and played a positive role in the development of national literature. In this work, on the example of Aivo Ivi's creativity, the characteristic features of the poems-songs created by him are revealed. It is determined that his texts represent improvisation of folk songs with preservation of traditional plots, complicated by signs of time. In some cases, the popular melody of Russian songs was attracted by the Udmurt poet to "service" his compositions. In building the text on the basis of a simple plot line, the calculation for the ease of perception of information by the reader is obvious. It is established that the author's songs of Ivo Ivy went beyond the book existence. It is summarized that the song texts created by him as a whole were formed under the influence of socio-cultural trends and the previous song-poetic tradition. The "folk" form of poems, their adaptation to the tunes understandable to the illiterate population allowed the poet to realize ideological and educational meanings, were a way of creative self-realization, introducing the reader to the artistic word.
PROBLEMS OF RESETTLEMENT IN THE KOMI REGION IN THE LATE XIX-EARLY XX CENTURY AND THE EXPEDITION OF P. I. SOKOLOV
Authors: Kotov Petr Pavlovich
Published: July 2020

Three stages of studying the problem of the possibility of settling the Komi region are considered. At the initial stage, during the second half of the XIX century, the problems of resettlement were considered in the context of the formation of a new - Pechora - uyezd and the need for its settling, the development of identified reserves of natural resources, the creation of new communication routes within the Northern region, and exits to Siberia. In the first five years of the XX century, while preserving the former motives, single expeditions were organized to study "agricultural colonization" and "Temporary rules for the formation of resettlement sites" were approved, directly affecting Ust-Sysola Uyezd. It was in this uyezd that the first areas were identified that, from the point of view of official researchers and officials, were of interest for resettlement. Their position was opposed by leaders of the local Zemstvo institutions. The starting point of the third stage was the agrarian reform of P. A. Stolypin in 1906. By results of a number of expeditions, first of all under the leadership of P. I. Sokolov in 1908-1909, almost 750 thousand tithes in the territory of 12 volosts of Ust-Sysola Uyezd were defined for settling. The beginning of the wide colonization of the Komi region was close to realization. K. F. Zhakov, famous Komi scientist, actively opposed such a scenario of events and convinced the members of the Arkhangelsk society for the study of the Russian North that he was right. Plans for the practical development of sparsely populated areas of the Komi region were unrealized, not so much because of the protests of scientific and public figures, but because of the clumsiness of the bureaucratic state machine, the lack of active and energetic supporters, the involvement of the Central authorities in resettlement projects in Siberia and because of the death in 1911 of the initiator of all agrarian reforms of the early XX century, P. A. Stolypin.
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PROGRAM-TARGETED METHOD OF BUDGET EXPENDITURES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Dorofeev M.L.
Published: July 2020

The ongoing reform of public administration and the budgetary system has increasingly focused on improving budgetary efficiency. The best method to achieve this is a program-targeted method of planning and financing budget expenditures. While earlier planning in terms of the functions of local governments did not create incentives for optimal allocation of funds and focused only on the costs of maintaining the relevant bodies and subordinate institutions, the application of program-targeted planning requires a shift in the focus of budgetary expenditures towards results. Developed countries have begun to apply these planning methods since the middle of the last century, and to date there has been a wealth of experience that can be used in the practice of the Russian Federation, for which this method of planning expenditures is still quite new and causes a number of problems and difficulties in implementation. The article presents an overview study and systematization of the problems of implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of the program-targeted method of planning state and municipal expenditures in the Russian Federation. The author identifies main difficulties faced by the budget system in 2018-2019, makes conclusions and recommendations for its improvement in the Russian Federation.