bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PEMBERIAN HAK CIPTA ATAS “SALAM NAMASTE” SEBAGAI PENGUATAN IDENTITAS SOSIAL BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL
Authors: Mangesti Yovita Arie
Published: February 2021

Abstract"Salam Namaste" is a gesture of placing your palms together on your chest and bending your body slightly, which is commonly practiced by Indonesians as a symbol of respect for someone they meet. This body gesture is a safe way of interacting during a pandemic, because it can minimize virus transmission through body contact without losing the noble meaning of human interaction with each other. "Salam Namaste" is a means of communication that unites the diversity of Indonesian cultures. This paper uses a conceptual, statutory and eclectic approach to "Salam Namaste" which is a form of traditional cultural expression. Indonesian culture is full of wisdom, so that "Salam Namaste" deserves legal protection in the form of State-owned Intellectual Property Rights as regulated in Article 38 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright.Keywords: copyright; local wisdom "Salam Namaste"; strengthening of social identityAbstrak“Salam Namaste” merupakan gestur tubuh mengatupkan kedua telapak tangan di dada dan sedikit membungkukkan badan, yang lazim dilakukan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai simbol penghormatan terhadap seseorang yang dijumpai. Gestur tubuh ini menjadi cara berinteraksi yang aman di masa pandemi, karena dapat meminimalisir penularan virus lewat kontak tubuh tanpa kehilangan makna luhur interaksi manusia dengan sesamanya. “Salam Namaste” menjadi sarana komunikasi yang menyatukan keragaman budaya Indonesia. Tulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan konseptua,  perundang-undangan serta eklektik terhadap “Salam Namaste” yang merupakan suatu bentuk ekspresi budaya tradisional. Budaya Indonesia sarat makna kearifan, sehingga “Salam Namaste” sudah selayaknya mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dalam bentuk Hak atas Kekayaan Intelektual  milik negara sebagaimana diatur pada Pasal 38 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta.
The efficacy of third-generation cephalosporin plus metronidazole versus third-generation cephalosporin plus clarithromycin in neonatal outcomes and oxidative stress markers in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Kim J. W. , Kim Y. H. , Moon J. H. , Jung H. A. , Noh E. J.
Published: February 2021

Purpose of Investigation: The purpose of this study is to compare neonatal outcomes and oxidative stress markers of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) treated with third-generation cephalosporin plus metronidazole (regimen A) with those treated with third-generation cephalosporin plus clarithromycin (regimen B). Materials and Methods: The present study included patients with singleton pregnancies with PPROM at earlier than 34 gestational weeks who were admitted to the Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, between February 2007 and December 2015. Latency period, neonatal outcomes, and oxidative stress markers (including oxygen radical absorbance capacity, malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, and interleukin-6) were compared between two groups. Results: Latency period from PPROM to delivery did not differ between the groups (11.0 ± 13.1 vs. 11.5 ± 8.6, p = 0.791). However, there were no significant differences in rate of latency period longer than seven days. More women were delivered after 48 hour in the regimen B group than in the regimen A group (83.6% vs. 94.7%, p = 0.022). However, there were no significant differences in rate of latency period longer than seven days. There was no significant difference in oxidative stress markers after the administration of antibiotics between regimens A and B. Conclusion: The present results show that there was no difference between the two regimens on the latency period and improvement of neonatal outcomes. Although there was no significant difference in neonatal outcomes, the regimen using third-generation cephalosporin plus clarithromycin may have a beneficial effect for short-term prolongation of pregnancy (up to 48 hours) to allow for the administration of antenatal corticosteroids and transfer to the tertiary center.
Miscarriage perceptions and experiences among Saudi women
Authors: Rouzi A. A. , Alamoudi R. , Turkistani J. , Almansouri N. , Alkafy S. , Alsinani N. , Wazzan A.
Published: February 2021

Objectives: To assess miscarriage perceptions and experiences of Saudi women. Materials and Methods: Between June 1, 2015, and August 30, 2016, women attending the obstetrics and gynaecology clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah (KAUH), Saudi Arabia were asked to participate in a cross-sectional survey. Demographic information, miscarriage opinions, and perceived causes were acquired from the entire cohort. Miscarriage data were obtained from women with miscarriage experience. Results: In a convenience sample of 296 women aged 18 to 57 years, 247 (83.4%) had never become pregnant, of whom 81 (32.8%) had a miscarriage history. Guilt, shame, and feeling alone were reported by 35%, 14%, and 22% of women after a miscarriage, respectively, and 10% reported all three, and 47% reporting none of these feelings. Only 14 (17%) were given a medical cause for the miscarriage, of whom five (36%) believed they had done something to cause it or could have done something to prevent it, compared with 35 of 67 (52%) women who were not given a reason for their miscarriage (p = 0.260). In the entire cohort, the most commonly agreed to causes of miscarriage were stressful event (72%), destiny/fate (65%), long-term stress (64%), lifting (57%), and past abortion (57%). Conclusions: While most participants with miscarriages reported receiving adequate support, there was inadequate knowledge about the causes of miscarriage. New education and support policies are warranted, particularly with regards to behaviours that do not need to be avoided for fear of miscarriage.
Extracellular matrix metalloproteinases in the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis: a systematic review and critical appraisal
Authors: Ζafrakas M. , Κοtronis Κ. , Papasozomenou P. , Eskitzis P. , Grimbizis G.
Published: February 2021

Despite extensive research in the field, the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis remains an unresolved enigma. The possible role of different enzymes of the extracellular matrix, in particular the role of the matrix metalloproteases or metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the etiopathogenesis and the mechanisms involved in the processes of benign dissemination of endometriosis have been widely investigated in recent years. Various members of the enzymatic system of the MMPs, as well as their inhibitors, termed tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) and their inducer, termed extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), have been implicated in the mechanisms involved in endometriosis formation, progression, and maintenance. The aim of the present paper was to provide an overview and critical evaluation of existing experimental evidence on this issue. For this purpose the authors have conducted a systematic review of the literature and evaluated relevant papers regarding experimental animal models, in vitro experiments, and analyses in human samples and studies regarding genetic polymorphisms in humans. In conclusion, members of the system of matrix MMPs, their inhibitors and inducers could be useful as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in determining the severity of endometriosis and response to therapy. Furthermore, in depth knowledge in this field could possibly lead to the development of more efficient treatment modalities. Future research should focus on the systematic investigation of the entire MMPs system in endometriosis, as well as on the interaction between its members.
Comparison between antral follicle count and anti-Müllerian hormonal level in the prediction of ovarian response and pregnancy outcome in intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients: implications in personalizing ovarian stimulation
Authors: Saleh H. , Moiety F. , Agameya A. F. , Elkassar Y. , El Sharakwy R. M. , Zeidan D. , Elmeligy H.
Published: February 2021

Antral follicle count (AFC) and anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) are considered the best markers of ovarian reserve and ovarian response to stimulation. It is not clear whether they complement each other or act interchangeably in predicting ovarian response and individualizing gonadotropin dosage. Objective: To compare the predictive value of AFC and serum AMH for ovarian response and pregnancy outcome in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) patients stimulated by an antagonist protocol. Moreover, to decide if measuring both markers adds to the power of predicting a response. Materials and Methods: A prospective diagnostic test study of infertile women. Setting: A private in vitro fertilization unit, Agial Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Women aged 20-39 years (n=700) and undergoing their first ICSI cycle were included in this study. AFC and AMH measurements were taken. All patients were stimulated with a fixed antagonist protocol with a starting dose of 200 IU of recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH). Main outcome measures included the number of oocytes retrieved and the clinical pregnancy rate. Results: Age, AMH, AFC, and a score combining both AMH and AFC (AMHxAFC) were statistically significant discriminators of the occurrence of an excessive response. The cutoff values for AMH, AFC, and AMHxAFC were > 3.75 ng/mL, > 23, and > 64.8. While AMH and AFC were equally effective in predicting an excessive response, the combined score AMHxAFC was significantly better than AFC or AMH alone. AMH, AFC, and AMHxAFC were significantly better predictors of an excessive response than age. Age, AFC, AMH, and the AMHxAFC were statistically significant discriminators of the occurrence of a poor response; however, AFC was the best predictor of a poor response, with a cutoff < 12. Age, AFC, and AMH were statistically significant discriminators of the occurrence of pregnancy, yet their predictive power is low. Conclusion: Measuring both AMH and AFC adds to their predictive power for a high or an excessive response. AFC alone is an excellent predictor of a poor response and is significantly better than age and AMH. Age, AMH, and AFC have poor predictive power for pregnancy.
Prophylactic cervical cerclage, fully embedded, for twin pregnancies following fertility treatment
Authors: Mamas L. , Mamas E.
Published: February 2021

Purpose of Investigation: With the advent of fertility treatment the number of twin gestations has increased considerably. These pregnancies are associated with many maternal and perinatal complications, mainly due to prematurity. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a fully embedded prophylactic vaginal cervical cerclage in reducing the rate of prematurity in twin pregnancies following ART. Materials and Methods: A prophylactic vaginal cervical cerclage was applied in forty three twin pregnancies conceived following fertility treatments. The cerclage suture was fully embedded under the vaginal mucosa in order to minimize the risk of infection. Results: The mean gestational age at delivery was 35+4 weeks and the mean delivery weight was 2,238 grams. No differences between the type of fertility treatment used was noted in the outcome measures studied. Conclusion: Twin pregnancies conceived with the aid of fertility treatment, benefited from the application of a prophylactic vaginal cervical cerclage.
Maternal age - a risk factor for congenital hydrocephalus
Authors: Kitova T. T. , Kitov B. D. , Uchikova E. H. , Ahmad N. T.
Published: February 2021

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine whether maternal age on its own and, in combination with other risk factors and associated anomalies, are risk factors for the development of hydrocephalus. Materials and Methods: One-hundred-eighty-two fetuses with congenital hydrocephalus (CH) were studied by fetal autopsy. Sixty-nine of them (38%) had Isolated Hydrocephalus (IH) and 113 (62%) -Associated Hydrocephalus (AH). Most fetuses (172) were received over a period of three years (2006-2009), out of 21,316 births at an Embryo-Fetopathologic Clinic, the Centre for Maternity and Neonatology, Tunis, Tunisia. The remaining ten fetuses were obtained from an Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic at University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria in 2016, out of 2, 104 births. Results: When the mother’s age is over 40 years and consanguinity is present, the risks of CH and associated hydrocephalus is increased [OR = 18.750 CI (1.162-302.544)], [OR = 11.667 CI (0.924-147.298)]. The risk of CH is 35-fold greater with maternal age over 40 years and lissencephaly [OR = 35,000 CI (1.743-702.993)]. There is also moderate risk of CH with trisomies and maternal age over 38 years [OR = 12.740 CI (3.402-7.710)]. Conclusions: At a time when the number of women giving birth for the first time after the age of 35 years increases, maternal age should be considered a risk factor for the occurrence of CH. This possibility is increased when combined with other maternal or exogenous risk factors, and in the presence of associated malformations, such as aqueductal stenosis, polygyria, lissencephaly, and trisomies. Conclusion: A maternal age over 35 years should be considered a risk factor for the occurrence of hydrocephalus.
Pregnancy outcomes in women with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Yang D. , Zhang H. F. , Liu Q. , Li Y. N. , Zhang J. , Zheng T.
Published: February 2021

The aim of this study was to define the pregnancy outcomes in women with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (cc-TGA). The medical databases at Anzhen Hospital between January 2011 and March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Data of 12 pregnant women with cc-TGA were collected. One patient was lost at 35 weeks of gestation. There were 8 (72.7%) term births and 3 (27.3%) premature births. Of the 11 deliveries, 2 (18.2%) were vaginal and 9 (81.8%) were cesarean. The baseline New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class was I - II in 11 patients, II - III in 7 patients, and III - IV in 5 patients in the third trimester (P = 0.037). In the third trimester, 6 (50%) patients became symptomatic and experienced heart function deterioration compared with asymptomatic patients (6 vs. 0, P = 0.002). In the third trimester, tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was identified in 11 patients: 2 with mild TR, 4 with moderate TR, and 5 with severe TR. Five symptomatic patients developed severe TR, in which the rate of TR was significantly higher than that of asymptomatic patients (5 vs. 0, P = 0.015). No difference was found in NYHA class between the third trimester and 1 week after delivery (P > 0.05). One patient died of ventricular fibrillation at 3 months postpartum. Successful pregnancy can be achieved by most women with cc-TGA. The deterioration of right ventricular function is common among pregnant women with cc-TGA, and severe TR is a high risk factor resulting in deterioration of the right ventricular function.
MOBIS-​COVID19/21: Results as of 07/09/2020 (post-​lockdown)
Authors: Molloy Joseph , Tchervenkov Christopher , Schatzmann Thomas , Schoeman Beaumont , Hintermann Beat , Axhausen Kay W.
Published: February 2021

To slow down the spread of the Coronavirus, the population has been instructed to stay at home if possible. This measure consequently has a major impact on our daily mobility behaviour. But who is being affected, and how? The MOBIS-COVID-19 research project, an initiative of ETH Zurich and the University of Basel, is a continuation of the original MOBIS study. The aim of the project is to get a picture of how the crisis is affecting mobility and everyday life in Switzerland.
MOBIS-​COVID19/22: Results as of 21/09/2020 (post-​lockdown)
Authors: Molloy Joseph , Tchervenkov Christopher , Schatzmann Thomas , Schoeman Beaumont , Hintermann Beat , Axhausen Kay W.
Published: February 2021

To slow down the spread of the Coronavirus, the population has been instructed to stay at home if possible. This measure consequently has a major impact on our daily mobility behaviour. But who is being affected, and how? The MOBIS-COVID-19 research project, an initiative of ETH Zurich and the University of Basel, is a continuation of the original MOBIS study. The aim of the project is to get a picture of how the crisis is affecting mobility and everyday life in Switzerland.
MOBIS-​COVID19/23: Results as of 28/09/2020 (post-​lockdown)
Authors: Molloy Joseph , Tchervenkov Christopher , Schatzmann Thomas , Schoeman Beaumont , Hintermann Beat , Axhausen Kay W.
Published: February 2021

To slow down the spread of the Coronavirus, the population has been instructed to stay at home if possible. This measure consequently has a major impact on our daily mobility behaviour. But who is being affected, and how? The MOBIS-COVID-19 research project, an initiative of ETH Zurich and the University of Basel, is a continuation of the original MOBIS study. The aim of the project is to get a picture of how the crisis is affecting mobility and everyday life in Switzerland.
MOBIS-​COVID19/25: Results as of 19/10/2020 (post-​lockdown)
Authors: Molloy Joseph , Tchervenkov Christopher , Schatzmann Thomas , Schoeman Beaumont , Hintermann Beat , Axhausen Kay W.
Published: February 2021

To slow down the spread of the Coronavirus, the population has been instructed to stay at home if possible. This measure consequently has a major impact on our daily mobility behaviour. But who is being affected, and how? The MOBIS-COVID-19 research project, an initiative of ETH Zurich and the University of Basel, is a continuation of the original MOBIS study. The aim of the project is to get a picture of how the crisis is affecting mobility and everyday life in Switzerland.
MOBIS-​COVID19/26: Results as of 26/10/2020 (second wave)
Authors: Molloy Joseph , Tchervenkov Christopher , Schatzmann Thomas , Schoeman Beaumont , Hintermann Beat , Axhausen Kay W.
Published: February 2021

To slow down the spread of the Coronavirus, the population has been instructed to stay at home if possible. This measure consequently has a major impact on our daily mobility behaviour. But who is being affected, and how? The MOBIS-COVID-19 research project, an initiative of ETH Zurich and the University of Basel, is a continuation of the original MOBIS study. The aim of the project is to get a picture of how the crisis is affecting mobility and everyday life in Switzerland.
MOBIS-​COVID19/27: Results as of 02/11/2020 (second wave)
Authors: Molloy Joseph , Tchervenkov Christopher , Schatzmann Thomas , Schoeman Beaumont , Hintermann Beat , Axhausen Kay W.
Published: February 2021

To slow down the spread of the Coronavirus, the population has been instructed to stay at home if possible. This measure consequently has a major impact on our daily mobility behaviour. But who is being affected, and how? The MOBIS-COVID-19 research project, an initiative of ETH Zurich and the University of Basel, is a continuation of the original MOBIS study. The aim of the project is to get a picture of how the crisis is affecting mobility and everyday life in Switzerland.
MOBIS-​COVID19/28: Results as of 16/11/2020 (second wave)
Authors: Molloy Joseph , Tchervenkov Christopher , Schatzmann Thomas , Schoeman Beaumont , Hintermann Beat , Axhausen Kay W.
Published: February 2021

To slow down the spread of the Coronavirus, the population has been instructed to stay at home if possible. This measure consequently has a major impact on our daily mobility behaviour. But who is being affected, and how? The MOBIS-COVID-19 research project, an initiative of ETH Zurich and the University of Basel, is a continuation of the original MOBIS study. The aim of the project is to get a picture of how the crisis is affecting mobility and everyday life in Switzerland.
What About the Diversity of Psychological Types? A Study with Emerging Economy Executive Education Alumni
Authors: Sant'Anna Anderson , Vogel Luiz Otavio
Published: February 2021

Creativity and the ability to innovate
are commonly pointed to as being core attributes of the competencies that organizations
need to differentiate themselves and obtain comparative advantages in the
competitive world of contemporary business. This premise has led to countless
organizations requiring that the professionals they employ be creative, as
opposed to having purely a command-control profile. Given this context, the
main objective of this article is to investigate a sample of 7,924 graduates of
executive development programs. These were alumni from more than 40
year-groups of executive education courses that were offered by a business
school headquartered in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, and who between 2010
and 2016 underwent a MBTI instrument, a device for measuring individual
psychological preferences (Myers & Myers, 1997) that was developed from
Jung’s psychological types (Jung, 2013a). The expectation was that it would be
possible to see by how much the profiles of these alumni had changed
over the period investigated, with an increase in the psychological function, Intuition,
as either dominant or auxiliary in the psychological types. The results,
however, demonstrate a high preponderance of the Thinking and Sensing
preferences, which are associated with command-control type professional
profiles. The Intuition and Perceiving profiles, which are commonly
related to creativity and innovation, had the lowest incidences throughout the
historical series that was investigated.
Emotional labor a significant predictor of burnout: a study of Teacher Educators
Authors: Kant Ravi
Published: February 2021

Emotional
behavior of teacher in classroom plays a significant role in teaching learning
process of the students. Teaching profession is a profession which demands much
more emotional delivery before the learner. On daily basis teachers interacts
with students and they exchange their emotions with each other that is the most
significant determinant of teaching learning process. Equilibrium between
teacher‘s emotional and physical state is important because it has a wide
impact of students. Therefore, this study is specially focused on emotional labor
and burnout among teacher educator of Gaya District and also explore whether
what type of relationship is there between emotional labor and burnout. With
the help of data obtained from 200 teacher educators this study revealed that
Male teacher educators were significantly differ on emotional labor in
comparison to their female counterpart. Locality does not have anything to play
on emotional labor of teacher educators but experience had a significant role
in emotional labor. More experienced teacher educators were found significant
on emotional labor in comparison of less experienced. In case of Burnout,
gender and experience does not play any role of teacher educators but they were
significantly differing on the basis of locality. ANOVA and regression analysis
revealed that emotional labor is significantly contributing on burnout.
Composition of gas from pyrolysis of Estonian oil shale under N2 and CO2
Authors: Mozaffari Sepehr , Järvik Oliver , Baird Zachariah
Published: February 2021

Studying the evolution of gas during the decomposition process of oil shale provides information about the changes of gas composition and understand the mechanism of pyrolysis process. A few number of studies focused on using CO2 atmosphere to observe the effect of sweep gas on pyrolysis products. Fischer assay method was used to analyze the pyrolysis of Estonian kukersite oil shale under CO2, CO2/steam, N2 and N2/steam. The gaseous products were collected offline using a sample bag. Gas chromatography was performed to investigate the evolution of C1-C3 gases, H2, CO2 and CO. Subsequently, the results from each test were analyzed and compared. Our results show that in comparison with N2, pyrolysis in CO2 increased the production of alkanes and hydrocarbon gases. Also, generation of CH4 and CO gases were enhanced under CO2, while composition of H2 did not significantly change in the gaseous products for both environments. For the tests in presence of steam, the results show that unlike the N2 atmosphere, CO2/steam decreased the production of total hydrocarbons, H2, CO2 and CO.
Tiến sĩ 'lạc điệu'
Authors: Pape Helpe
Published: February 2021

Hoàn thành nghiên cứu sinh tiến sĩ ở Bỉ, anh "lao đầu" vào các nghiên cứu về vốn, chứng khoán, giao dịch... Năm 2007, anh đã gọi chứng khoán Việt Nam là thị trường trên mây và đưa ra những cảnh báo trong khi cả thiên hạ đang cuồng say với "vũ điệu" của lĩnh vực mới mẻ này.
Sistem Pemilihan Presiden di Indonesia
Authors: Putra Rizki Febrivinanda
Published: February 2021

Pemilu adalah sarana kedaulatan rakyat untuk memilih anggota DPR, DPD, Presiden dan wakil presiden, dan untuk memilih anggota DPRD yang dilakukan secara langsung, umum, bebas, rahasia, jujur, dan adil dalam Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia. Sedangkan Pilkada pada dasarnya sama dengan pilpres. Keduanya diselenggarakan untuk memilih pemimpin secara langsung. Pilkada dilakukan untuk memilih kepala daerah. Kepala daerah tersebut antara lain Gubernur-wakil gubernur, Bupati-wakil bupati, dan Wali kota-wakil wali kota. Pilkada dilakukan pada lingkup tertentu. Pemilu dan pilkada di indonesia dilaksanakan 5 tahun sekali, jadi untuk menambah wawasan peserta didik proses pemilu dan pilkada diajarkan sejak mereka duduk dibangku sekolah dasar walaupun mereka belum bisa memilih setidaknya mereka sudah mengetahui dan memahami apa itu pemilu dan pilkada dan nanti setelah mereka sudah berusia 17 tahun mereka sudah memiliki dasar pengetahuan sehingga mereka tinggal mempraktekkannya. Adapun syarar-syarat agar bisa mengikuti pemilu dan pilkada ialah warga negara indonesia, telah berusia 17 tahun ataupun sudah pernah menikah, sehat jasmani dan rohani, dan tidak sedang terkasus pidana. Dalam penyelengaraan pemilu ada beberapa tahapan yaitu: pendaftaran pemilih, pendaftaran peserta pemilu,penetapan peserta pemilu, kampanye peserta pemilu serta pemungutan dan penghitungan suara. Untuk lebih jelasnya disini pemakalah akan membahas ,pengertian pemilu dan pilkada, sejarah pemilu dan pilkada di indonesia, asas-asas pemilu dan pilkada, dan penyelenggaraan pemilu dan pilkada.
Ethnic Diversity in Science
Authors: Uchegbu Ijeoma
Published: February 2021

There is a clear deficit in our entire education system that results in ethnic minority pupils being less likely to graduate with a good degree; even though ethnic minority individuals are more likely to opt for a university education when compared to White pupils. Despite good participation in science and engineering disciplines within our universities by ethnic minorities, it is harder for ethnic minority researchers to obtain research funding. This needs to change if the UK is to produce research that benefits the entire population. A number of recommendations have been put forward.
Towards a Unified Neural Mechanism for Reactive Adaptive Behaviour
Authors: Novembre Giacomo , Iannetti Giandomenico
Published: February 2021

Surviving in natural environments requires animals to sense sudden events and swiftly adapt behaviour accordingly. The study of such Reactive Adaptive Behaviour (RAB) has been central to a number of research streams, all orbiting around movement science but progressing in parallel, with little cross-field fertilization. We provide a concise review of these research streams, independently describing four types of RAB: (1) cortico-muscular resonance, (2) stimulus locked response, (3) online motor correction and (4) action stopping. We highlight remarkable similarities across these four RABs, suggesting that they might be subserved by the same neural mechanism, and propose directions for future research on this topic.
Understanding the Relationship Between Rationality and Intelligence: A Latent-Variable Approach
Authors: Burgoyne Alexander P. , Mashburn Cody , Tsukahara Jason S. , Hambrick Zach , Engle Randall W
Published: February 2021

A hallmark of intelligent behavior is rationality—the disposition and ability to think analytically to make decisions that maximize expected utility or follow the laws of probability, and therefore align with normative principles of decision making. However, the question remains as to whether rationality and intelligence are empirically distinct, as does the question of what cognitive mechanisms underlie individual differences in rationality. In a large sample of participants (N = 331), we used latent variable analyses to assess the relationship between rationality and intelligence. The results indicated that there was a common ability underpinning performance on some, but not all, rationality tests. Latent factors representing rationality and general intelligence were strongly correlated (r = .54), but their correlation fell well short of unity. Indeed, after accounting for variance in performance attributable to general intelligence, rationality measures still cohered on a latent factor. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that rationality correlated significantly with fluid intelligence (r = .56), working memory capacity (r = .44), and attention control (r = .49). Structural equation modeling revealed that attention control fully accounted for the relationship between working memory capacity and rationality, and partially accounted for the relationship between fluid intelligence and rationality. Results are interpreted in light of the executive attention framework, which holds that attention control supports information maintenance and disengagement in service of complex cognition. We conclude by speculating about factors rationality tests may tap that other cognitive ability tests miss, and outline directions for further research.
Good in Theory: A Metatheoretical Review of Social Psychological Theories of Human Sexuality
Authors: Quistberg Kirsten , Sakaluk John Kitchener
Published: February 2021

The fields of social psychology and sexual science have an intuitive and growing connection, with social psychology’s tradition of theory generation poised to enrich the psychological study of the sexual. For those interested in applying social psychological theories to topics of sexuality, however, there are questions regarding the features, qualities, and strengths and weaknesses of social psychology’s theoretical offerings. We therefore conducted a comprehensive metatheoretical review of social psychology theories applicable to sexuality (n = 44). In doing so, we (i)promote a deeper understanding of the current state of social psychology theory (ii)provide original theory maps to streamline future theory testing (iii)evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of current social psychology theories. Our review finds existing social psychology theory to present a range of clarity with regards to theory definition, theory applicability, and testability. We interpret our results as encouragement for the pursuit of contemporary methods of theorizing in social psychology.
The trajectory of counterfactual simulation in development
Authors: Kominsky Jonathan F. , Gerstenberg Tobias , Pelz Madeline , Sheskin Mark , Singmann Henrik , Schulz Laura , Keil Frank
Published: February 2021

Young children often struggle to answer the question “what would have happened?” particularly in cases where the adult-like “correct” answer has the same outcome as the event that actually occurred. Previous work has assumed that children fail because they cannot engage in accurate counterfactual simulations. Children have trouble considering what to change and what to keep fixed when comparing counterfactual alternatives to reality. However, most developmental studies on counterfactual reasoning have relied on binary yes/no responses to counterfactual questions about complex narratives and so have only been able to document when these failures occur but not why and how. Here, we investigate counterfactual reasoning in a domain in which specific counterfactual possibilities are very concrete: simple collision interactions. In Experiment 1, we show that 5- to 10-year-old children (recruited from schools and museums in Connecticut) succeed in making predictions but struggle to answer binary counterfactual questions. In Experiment 2, we use a multiple-choice method to allow children to select a specific counterfactual possibility. We find evidence that 4- to 6-year-old children (recruited online from across the United States) do conduct counterfactual simulations, but the counterfactual possibilities younger children consider differ from adult-like reasoning in systematic ways. Experiment 3 provides further evidence that young children engage in simulation rather than using a simpler visual matching strategy. Together, these experiments show that the developmental changes in counterfactual reasoning are not simply a matter of whether children engage in counterfactual simulation but also how they do so.
Social ecology of intelligence and suicide in the United States revisited
Authors: Voracek Martin
Published: February 2021

State and oversea territory scores on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) domains of Mathematics, Reading, Science, and Writing (grades 4 and 8, averaged across assessments 1992-2005) were not reliably related to the suicide rates of these geographical units. The ecological (aggregate-level) correlations were modest, ranging from -.11 to .10, and did not change with controls for regional affluence (gross domestic product). While positive ecological correlations between regional intelligence and suicide mortality have been reported within several other countries (Austria, Belarus, Denmark, Ireland and The United Kingdom, and The Netherlands), the current results add to the inconsistent findings from four previous related studies (by Abel and Kruger and by Voracek) about the direction and magnitude of this correlation within the USA. Possible reasons for this conflicting set of findings and directions for future research are discussed.
Application of Stad Type Learning Models to Improve Activity and Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Desnita Desnita , Kartikowati Rr Sri , Makhdalena Makhdalena
Published: February 2021

This research is motivated by the low activity and student learning outcomes in learning. One alternative that is used to overcome the low activity and learning outcomes of social studies subjects is by using the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) type of cooperative learning model with LKPD assistance. The purpose of this study was to analyze student learning activities and outcomes using the STAD type cooperative learning model assisted by Student Workshet (LKPD). This research was an experimental study using the Pre-Test Post-Test Control Group Design. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. The data were collected using test results of learning and observation sheets to determine student learning activities. The total population was 348 people with a sample size of 78 people with a purposive sampling technique. The method of analysis used the independent sample t-test. The results showed that the student's learning activity was declared active with a high category as long as the cooperative learning model type STAD was assisted by LKPD and the learning outcomes obtained a significance value of 0.000 with a significance level of 0.05. It can be concluded that there is an increase in student activity and learning outcomes using the STAD type cooperative learning model assisted by LKPD.
The Effects of Jigsaw, Student Teams Achievement Divisions (Stad), and Think-Pair-Share (Tps) Techniques in Writing Narrative Text
Authors: Sari Ika Purnama , Susiani Susiani
Published: February 2021

Writing ability at The Second Semester Students in one of Private High School in Pemtangsiantar indicated low enough. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of three cooperative learning techniques, namely, Jigsaw, Students Teams – Achievement Division (STAD) and Think-Pair-Share (TPS). The research design used in this study was quantitative approach with an experimental. The samples were Second Semester Students of STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangsiantar. The data of this research were gained from the score Narrative Text Test that analyzed by using One Way ANNOVA. The research finding showed that (1) Jigsaw Sig. (2-tailed) value is 0.00 < 0.05. STAD Sig. (2-tailed) value is 0.00 < 0.05.  TPS Sig. (2-tailed) value is 0.00 < 0.05, it means Jigsaw, STAD and TPS can affect the students ability in writing. (2) The increasing percentage of Jigsaw Teaching Technique to 75%, Students Teams – Achievement Division (STAD) to 68% and Think-Pair-Share (TPS) to 57%. (3) The result of data Analysis by One Way Annova indicate that Significant values is 0.043 which is < 0.05, and Fvalue is 3.305 > T Table 3.16, it means there is one Teaching Technique more significant there the other technique. Here Jigsaw Teaching Technique more Significant than STAD or TPS. In Jigsaw Teaching Technique, The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
Developing Learning Tools with Cooperative Learning Model of Numbered Head Together (NHT) Structural Approach on Sequence and Series Material
Authors: Rahman Mia Riani , Murni Atma , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Published: February 2021

This research was underlined by the few availability of Mathematics learning tools as the teacher’s guidance in implementing the learning and the low Mathematics achievement of the students. This research aims to produce valid,  practical, and effective learning tools by using cooperative learning models of Numbered Head Together (NHT) structural approach on sequence and series material. This research and development was conducted by adapting a 4-D development model by Thiagarajan. The stages of this research consisted of Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination. The validation results of the learning tools consisting of syllabus, Lesson Plan, and LKPD that are 92%, 92,07%, and 94,33% with extremely valid criteria. The practicality result on small group trial is 93,99%, big group trial is 93,42% and teacher’s response 93,88% with extremely practical criteria. The effectiveness result shows that the students’ learning achievement increases by using the developed learning tools.
Building Students' Creative Thinking Skills Using Problem- Based Learning in Handling Staple Food Waste
Authors: Handoyo Rista Firdausa , Rosbiono Momo , Sopandi Wahyu
Published: February 2021

This study aims to build students' creative thinking skills using problem - based learning in handling staple food waste. The research methods are development and research with the stages of design, development, and evaluation. This research was conducted at a private high school in Tangerang Regency. The research was involved thirty students of Class XI IPA in the second semester of the 2019/2020 school year and was connected through the WhatsApp group. The research instrument used Student Worksheets (LKS) in the form of a test essay for nine items that have been validated to measure students’ creative thinking skills. The research data were analyzed quantitatively by using Microsoft Excel and qualitative-  descriptive. The results of the students' creative thinking skills showed the percentage of fluency (31.66%), flexibility (35.18%), elaboration (58.33%), and evaluation (54.88%) indicators, the average percentage was 45.01% categorized as medium. The conclusions drawn are the creative thinking skills that emerge after using problem-based learning are fluent thinking, flexibility thinking, evaluative thinking, and elaborative thinking.
Emerging ICT Tools, Techniques and Methodologies for Online Collaborative Teaching and Learning Mathematics
Authors: Dahal Niroj , Luitel Bal Chandra , Pant Binod Prasad , Shrestha Indra Mani , Manandhar Netra Kumar
Published: February 2021

Emerging ICT tools, techniques and methodologies (TTM), which might be helpful for pedagogical practices, for a synchronous and asynchronous mode of teaching and learning mathematics in online and distance mode of education. This action research reported from the underpinning practices of the authors as trainers, course facilitators, educational researchers and innovative practitioner-the possible uses of emerging ICT tools, techniques and methodologies for teaching and learning mathematics. This article highlights some key strengths with possible integration of emerging ICT tools, techniques and methodologies to facilitate online and offline task(s) and assessment(s) of the learners, and trainees in a collaborative manner. Epistemologically, our experiences reflected that the learning experiences of the learners and trainees would be better by incorporating emerging ICT tools, techniques and methodologies in day to day practices in online classes specifically more in this present context. We have concluded the paper by highlighting the effectiveness of use of emerging ICT tools, techniques and methodologies as a new innovative virtual teaching and learning platform.
Secondary School Students’ Attitude towards Mathematics
Authors: Thapa Dhana Kumari , Paudel Tara
Published: February 2021

The major objective of this article is to describe the perception of self-efficacy and attitude towards mathematics of students studying science and mathematics in grade 12 in Kathmandu valley. Cross-sectional descriptive design and quantitative method were used to collect and analyze data. Data were collected from 318 randomly selected students studying science in grade 12, from nine different schools of Kathmandu valley through self-administered questionnaire. The survey showed that majority of girls and boys were encouraged by their parents to get enrolled in the science stream. Most of them chose mathematics courses to enter into the fields of engineering and technical sciences. From the observation we found that perceived self-efficacy is good i.e. both girls and boys have positive and good attitude towards mathematics courses. There is no gender variation in attitude of students learning mathematics between girls and boys. Therefore, attitude towards mathematics are less likely to be influenced by gender of students, castes and educational status of parents. Many students can be attracted towards mathematics field of study by providing information and counseling about academic opportunity for mathematics in higher education.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INNOVATION OF DRYING FLOOR ON THE DELAY OF DRYING POSTPONEMENT AND SEED LAYER THICKNESS TOWARDS VIGOUR AND GROWTH OF RICE SEEDS (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Suryawati Ami , Lagiman Lagiman , Sutoto Supono Budi
Published: February 2021

Drying is one of the important post-harvest activities. Limitations on the location of drying, labor and during the rainy season cause delays in drying. Delays in drying and improper seed layer thickness can reduce the quality of the resulting seed. The purpose of this study is to determine the time delay for drying and the maximum thickness of the seed that did not reduce the viability and growth of rice plants. The study used the innovation drying floor of UPT BBP Barongan, Bantul and Split Plot Design with 2 factors. The first factor as Main Plot was the treatment of drying delay: 2.4 and 6 days. The second factor as a sub plot is the thickness of the seed layer: 3, 5, 7, and 9 cm. The treatment is repeated 3 times. The research data were analyzed with Analysis of variance 5% and further tested with DMRT 5% (Duncan's Multiple Range Test). The results showed that the treatment of delaying drying for up to 6 days and the thickness of the seed drying layer up to 9 cm can be tolerated with innovative drying tools so it does not reduce the seed vigour and growth of rice plants. Keyword: drying delay, seed layer thickness, innovation drying floor, rice vigour and growth
PATHOGENICITY TEST OF VARIOUS CONCENTRATIONS OF Beauveria bassiana CULTURED ON RICE BRAN AND CORN MEDIA AGAINST COFFEE FRUITS BORER (Hyphotenemus hampei)
Authors: Solichah Chimayatus , Widyaningtyas Anindita , Brotodjojo Rukmowati
Published: February 2021

Coffee is a commodity with high value for export. Coffee bean borer (Hypothenemus hampei) is the main pest causing the decline in coffee production. Farmers still rely on chemical insecticides to control this pest. To reduce the negative impact of insecticides, entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana is applied. The research aimed to investigating the level of pathogenicity of B. bassiana in controlling H. hampei, and investigating the concentration with the highest level of pathogenicity of B. Bassiana against H. hampei. Laboratory research was arranged in one factor Completely Random Design (CRD). This research used 8 (eight) treatments namely KO: Aquades, Kk: Lamda Sihalothrin 25 EC (Chemical Insecticide), B1: 10 g / L B. bassiana cultivated in rice bran media, B2: 20 g / L B. bassiana cultivated in rice bran media, B3: 30 g / L B. bassiana cultivated in rice bran media, B4: 10 g / L B. bassiana grown on corn media, B5: 20 gL B. bassiana grown on corn and B6: 30 g / L B. bassiana grown on corn media. Each treatment used coffee beans infested with 20 H. hampei and repeated 4 (four) times. The result of the research showed that B. bassiana was able to kill H. hampei. The concentration that was able to cause the fastest mortality with a high level of pathogenicity based on the pathogenicity test of B. bassiana on H. hampei (percentage of mortality, total mortality time, and feeding capacity) was 30 g/L of B. bassiana cultivated in rice bran media.Key words: Beauveria bassiana, Hypothenemus hampei, chemical insecticide, coffee bean
EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTAGONISTIC FUNGI Gliocladium sp. AND Trichoderma harzianum TO CONTROL Colletotrichum spp. on chili (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Dailah Siti , Poerwanto Mofit Eko , Sutoto Supono Budi
Published: February 2021

The productivity of chili in terms of both quality and quantity is suppressed by the attacks of anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. Pesticides is commonly used to control the disease. Researched was conducted to determine the antagonistic fungi and the effective dose in inhibiting the growth of the Colletotrichum spp. Antagonistic tests were performed in vivo using the direct method with three replicates. Inhibition test was arranged in a Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 7 treatments: Control, Gliocladium sp (150, 250, and 350 mL/plant) and T. harzianum (150, 250, and 350 mL/plant) with four replicates and three samples out of 20 plants per treatment. The results showed that the percentage of inhibition of T. harzianum against Colletotrichum sp. is 55% while Gliocladium sp. is 70.33% in antagonistic test. The mean of disease intensity at 11 up to 32 DAI on control is 5.61 ± 0.71% up to 20.30 ± 1.35 % respectively. It is significantly higher than Gliocladium sp. 350 mL/Plant (1.94 ± 0.45 % up to 11.15 ± 0.87 %), T. harzianum 350 mL/Plant (1.10 ± 0.58 % up to 8.68 ± 0.91 %), and T. harzianum 250 mL/Plant (2.28 ± 0.43 % up to 8.75 ± 0.79 %). No significant different is observed on mean of fresh weight of red chili fruit yield per plant. T. harzianum and Gliocladium sp. fungi are effective in controlling the attack of anthracnose disease in chili. The most efficient dose to control anthracnose disease is the application of T. Harzianum or Gliocladium sp at the dose of 250 mL/plant.Key Words: Chilli, Anthracnose, Gliocladium, Trichoderma, Colletotrichum.