bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Probe-mining of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase from goats-rumen bacterial metagenomic DNA data
Authors: Trong Khoa Dao , Thi Huyen Do , Nam Hai Truong
Published: October 2021

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanases (xylanases) are classified into 9 glycoside hydrolase families, GH5, 8, 10, 11, 30, 43, 51, 98, and 141 based on the CAZy database. The probe sequences representing the enzymes were constructed from published sequences of actual experimental studies with xylan decomposition activity. From online databases, we found one sequence belonging to the GH5 family, 6 sequences belonging to the GH8 family and 5 sequences belonging to the GH30 family exhibiting xylanase activity. Thus specific probes for xylanase GH8 and GH30 families were designed with the length of 351 and 425 amino acids respectively. The reference values for the probe of the GH8 family were defined as the sequences with maximum score greater than 168, the lowest coverage was 84%, the lowest similarity was 36%; for the probe GH30, the maximum score was greater than 316, the coverage was greater than 98%, the similarity was greater than 41%. Using the built probes, including the probe of the two GH10 and GH11 families, we found 41 xylanase-encoding sequences from the metagenomic DNA data of bacteria in Vietnamese goats’rumen. Of the 41 exploited sequences, 19 were identical to the BGI company's annotation result based on KEGG database, whereas there were 16 sequences that are not annotated by the BGI company. Total 28 of 41 exploited sequences were complete open reading frames, of which the predicted ternary structure was highly similar to the published structures of xylanase.
The first experience of arthroscopy in the case of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Golovakha Maxim , Kirichenko Vadym , Grytsenko Olexandra , Tytarchuk Rostyslav , Bondarenko Stanislav
Published: October 2021

Observation of patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head formed a hypothesis about inability to eliminate the hip contracture by tunneling the femoral head on the background of drug therapy and therapeutic exercises, which causes an unsatisfactory outcomes. Therefore, the was idea to use arthroscopy for performing capsulotomy, synovectomy and removal of free cartilage and bone fragments. Objective. To evaluate efficiency of arthroscopy in patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Methods. In the period from 2010 to 2018, 60 patients were observed. With the I–II stages, absence of inflammatory processes in the joint, body mass index less than 35. In the comparison group (28 patients) we made  only tunneling of the femoral head, in the study group (32) at first  we performed arthroscopy of the hip joint, capsulotomy, synovectomy, removal of cartilage fragments, and only then — tunneling. We analyzed the proportion of hip joint replacement that was performed in the long term follow up and the intensity of pain by visual analog scale. Results. During arthroscopy we often revealed the joint cartilage lesions — 30 %, articular labrum lesions — 5 %, synovitis — 100 %, CAM impingement — 90 %. In the study group in the first 2 weeks after surgery, the pain was severe more than in the comparison group. Then the pain rate became the same in both groups. In the control group in the period from 3 to 5 years after tunneling of the femoral head, arthroplasty was performed in 11 patients (39.3 %), in the study group for 2 to 3 years after surgery — 8 (25.0 %). Conclusions. Analysis of long-term results of tunneling of the femoral head with arthroscopy of the hip joint in patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head showed improvement in hip function, no disease progression in 60–75 % patients in 2–3 years after surgery.
Combined soft tissue plastics in treatment of the leg infected necrotic lesions
Authors: Bets Iryna , Vyrva Oleg , Bets Grygorii
Published: October 2021

Anatomical features of the leg create prerequisites for the occurrence of severe damage to bone-soft structures with the further development of infection-necrotic complications and osteoielitus. A difficult problem is the development of infected soft tissue defects. Objective. To study the effectiveness of the use of plastic surgical technologies using skin-fascial and muscular patches based on angiosomal concept by Taylor & Palmer. Methods. Treatment results analysis of 3 patients with necrotic defects of the leg soft tissues. All patients initially received high-energy different sites fractures of the leg bones and they were given  metaloostheosynthesis using plates. In all cases, treatment was complicated by the occurrence of trophic disorders with infected full-layer defects of soft tissues that did not heal. Results. According to the angiosomal Taylor’s & Palmer’s theory, the human body is divided into 40 three-dimensional zones that combine skin with subordinate fiber and muscles, and have clear limits of blood supply to one nourishing artery. Full-haired soft-blooded patches, taking into account areas of angiosomes, are supplied throughout the plane and to the full depth, which guarantees much better results at the transplant site. The use of traditional plastics technologies in study group patients, on previous treatment did not lead to positive results, and the use of combined plastics based on the angiosomes concept allowed to obtain 100 % positive results, with complete healing of the foci of infection and the absence of relapses. Conclusions. A new stage in the development of plastic surgery, based on the angiosomes theory of human body structure by the blood supply to Taylor & Palmer, is promising for use in traumatology orthopaedics. The experience of using angiosomal patches for plastics of infected defects of the leg soft tissues has proved the high efficiency of this technology, which confirms the expediency of continuing research into the angiosomal theory in the treatment of such pathology another sites. Retrospective analysis of the etiology and pathogenesis for the leg tissues post-traumatic infected defects can be used to correct fracture treatment tactics in order to avoid the development of such complications.
Correction of hip joint instability in children with cerebral palsy — current state of the problem and prospects for its solution (literature REVIEW)
Authors: Sakalouski Oleg , Herasimenka Mihail , Klimau Roman , Hlazkin Leanid
Published: October 2021

Hip instability in children with cerebral palsy (CP) is a serious unresolved problem in modern orthopedics. Objective. To analyze the state of the problem of the hip joint instability in children with cerebral palsy and determine the prospects for its solution. Me­thods. A thematic review of 68 studies was made. Results. The basis for the prevention of instability of the hip joint should be a systema­tic X-ray screening at least once a year.  The instability of the hip joint is based on neurological disorders, if the index of migration of the femoral head (MP) is less than 30 %, the application of selective dorsal rhizotomy or baclofen pump is promising and justified. If MP > 30–100 % dorsal rhizotomy can be used after surgical correction of abnormalities in the hip joint to reduce the recurrence rate. The existing surgeries on the pelvic and femur is sufficient to restore the stability of this joint, even in the most severe cases, but the result is not always possible to maintain due to the recurrence of the deformity. The requirement for hip intervention in a patient with cerebral palsy is a preventive focus, by which we mean not only the achievement of joint stability, but also the creation of conditions for its preservation. Temporary blockage of the medial portion of the femoral head growth area is a minimally invasive procedure and may be recommended for use alone or as an adjunct to hip soft tissue release or for hip and bone surgery. However, it is still unclear at what age it is better to block the growth plate of the femoral head, whether and how often to change the clamps and so on. A prerequisite for the treatment of patients with this pathology is an individual approach, taking into account the degree of displacement of the femoral head, the presence of pathology of adjacent joints, the age of the child and the severity of the disease.  Correction of existing deviations should be performed in one step at many levels.
“I’m not a teacher”: A case of (dys)functional parent-teacher partnerships in a South African township
Authors: Sibanda Rockie
Published: October 2021

Teachers collaborating with parents is an axiom of successful school programmes. The parents’ role should be supportive and complementary to the teachers’ pedagogical function. A functional or dysfunctional parent-teacher partnership is a predictor of children’s success or failure in school. The functionality of parent-teacher partnerships is often measured through student achievement. The aim of this article was to illuminate how a coordinated parent-teacher partnership can be supportive to children’s schooling. Focus is on teachers’ teaching role complimented with the supportive and monitoring role of parents. Data were collected through interviews with parents and teachers at a township primary school. I engage the concern that a lack of parental involvement affects parent-teacher partnerships in township schools. Findings of this study demonstrate teachers’ lack of understanding of the sociocultural and economic circumstances constraining parental involvement, resulting in a chasm of understanding between teachers and parents on how to collaboratively support children’s learning positions at school and at home.
Exploring age-old Xhosa values in the teaching of sexuality education
Authors: Msutwana Nomawonga Veronica
Published: October 2021

Research demonstrates that teachers’ cultural perspectives influence how they teach sexuality education; however, it is not clear how this occurs. Therefore, in my study, I explored how Xhosa teachers’ cultural perspectives influenced their practice of teaching sexuality education to adolescent Xhosa learners. I purposively selected 9 female Xhosa teachers and took them through the photovoice process, adopting a critical paradigm and drawing on a participatory visual methodology in achieving this aim. The findings reveal 2 themes: on the one hand, the participants used the past as a lens by drawing on some age-old cultural values and adhering to a didactic model of teaching, and on the other, they shifted towards a new practice by innovating their teaching method and refocusing on a safe lifestyle. The participants stated that the values of assertiveness and passivity were necessary for girls to navigate their adolescent sexuality successfully, even though the 2 values seemed contradictory. This presents a dichotomous dynamic, calling for the scrutiny of the Xhosa culture as it relates to sexuality. This work has implications for teacher professional development and training, as innovative and participatory methods are appropriate for use within sexuality education.
Funds of knowledge and agentic strategies of three- and four-year-old children in South Africa
Authors: Daries Glynnis , Ebrahim Hasina
Published: October 2021

In South Africa, little is known about the funds of knowledge of young children, and how they use this resource to affirm their agency in early childhood centres to build their childhood experiences. With this article we contribute knowledge through exploring the strategies that young children use to show their agency and thereby their funds of knowledge in a marginalised context. The funds of knowledge approach is helpful for illuminating meaning-making endeavours that foreground agentic actions that are imaginative, creative and beyond normative expectations. The study reported on in this article was conducted in Bloemfontein, South Africa, at 4 early childhood centres. Data were obtained through observation of 30 three- and 4-year-old children. The findings suggest that young children engage in agentic strategies of avoiding, ignoring and challenging adult control, pretend-play, imitation of adults and peers, and gendered negotiations, as efforts to contest a largely teacher-controlled environment. The insights from this study contribute to the understanding of the kinds of practices in which young children routinely engage, but which are often disregarded and undervalued by teachers. The agentic imagery of children, together with intersections of other imagery, needs to be part of the knowledge mix to inform teacher development and policy on early childhood care and education of children between birth and 4 years old in South Africa.
State-transition matrices as an analysis and forecasting tool applied to water quality in reservoirs
Authors: Carvalho João Marcos , Bleninger Tobias
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Water reservoirs have the function to control the temporal variability of the water availability, thus bringing greater security over these resources. The water quality of these systems must be adequate for their multiple uses, and one of the main tools to understand it, is mathematical modelling. Given the importance of the water quality, the goal of this paper is to develop an analysis that takes into account the randomness of the variables that affect the thermal and/or biochemical regimes of a reservoir. For this, it is proposed a combination of deterministic and statistical analysis, where the probabilities of occurrence of a given event are considered. Difficult factors, such as the lack of data on the water quality and other variables, were considered, which increases the replicability of the method. The research method is divided into three groups: Modelling, Scenarios and Compilation of these scenarios. Through modelling, a base layout is created, enabling the use of scenarios, which are statistically analysed, and compiled into a state-transition matrix. With this, a more robust tool to understand the dynamics of water quality in a system is obtained, since it is not heavily dependent on field measurements and is easily adaptable and replicable.
PLANEJAMENTO DE PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS INTEGRADORAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL E TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Rodrigues de Sousa Jailton , Moreira Maciel Emanoela
Published: October 2021

Pensar a educação e seus processos não é tarefa simples, frente à grande quantidade de recursos envolvidos e, sobretudo, a complexidade do ser humano. Do universo de variáveis que compõem o processo educativo, o presente texto tem como objetivo discutir aspectos pertinentes ao planejamento e à organização das práticas pedagógicas na Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (EPT), tomando como referência a perspectiva integradora e a formação omnilateral dos sujeitos. O percurso metodológico foi composto de um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o tema, uma pesquisa de campo, com docentes que atuam na EPT, e pela análise e discussão dos dados coletados, à luz da teoria previamente levantada, seguindo a técnica de análise de conteúdo de Bardin (1977). Em tese, no planejamento de práticas pedagógicas integradoras, é essencial que sejam contemplados os seguintes elementos: atuação docente de forma colaborativa e participativa, envolvendo os demais atores do processo educativo; vinculação das práticas pedagógicas, preferencialmente de modo contextualizado, à realidade de vida dos sujeitos aprendentes; superação da disciplinaridade; consideração dos aspectos conjunturais e materiais da escola e dos estudantes. Os resultados da análise dos dados indicam que as práticas pedagógicas planejadas pelos docentes entrevistados contemplam a contextualização e a conjuntura de onde são executadas, os recursos didáticos necessários, a relação entre a disciplina e a proposta formativa do curso. Porém, constatou-se que é preciso ampliar a percepção docente sobre o processo formativo, descentralizar o planejamento das práticas pedagógicas, avançar na superação da disciplinaridade e ampliar a finalidade da formação dos sujeitos para além da preparação profissional.
sunny-as2: Enhancing SUNNY for Algorithm Selection
Authors: Liu Tong , Amadini Roberto , Gabbrielli Maurizio , Mauro Jacopo
Published: October 2021

SUNNY is an Algorithm Selection (AS) technique originally tailored for Constraint Programming (CP). SUNNY is based on the k-nearest neighbors algorithm and enables one to schedule, from a portfolio of solvers, a subset of solvers to be run on a given CP problem. This approach has proved to be effective for CP problems.

In 2015, the ASlib benchmarks were released for comparing AS systems coming from disparate fields (e.g., ASP, QBF, and SAT) and SUNNY was extended to deal with generic AS problems. This led to the development of sunny-as, a prototypical algorithm selector based on SUNNY for ASlib scenarios. A major improvement of sunny-as, called sunny-as2, was then submitted to the Open Algorithm Selection Challenge (OASC) in 2017, where it turned out to be the best approach for the runtime minimization of decision problems.

In this work we present the technical advancements of sunny-as2, by detailing through several empirical evaluations and by providing new insights. Its current version, built on the top of the preliminary version submitted to OASC, is able to outperform sunny-as and other state-of-the-art AS methods, including those who did not attend the challenge.
Limit analysis solutions for the bearing capacity of strip foundations under seismic conditions
Authors: Mortara Giuseppe
Published: October 2021

The limit analysis approach is used in this paper to analyse the problem of a strip foundation on cohesive-frictional soil under seismic conditions, based on the pseudo-static approach, considering different inclination factors. In particular, for a weightless c–ϕ soil, the upper-bound (UB) and the lower-bound solutions are found to be coincident, and then the exact solutions for the bearing capacity factors Nqe and Nce under seismic conditions are obtained. The effect of soil weight is considered with the UB method. A discussion is presented on seismic reduction factors and their superposition.
Análise de Área de Cobertura de Dispositivo IoT para Monitoramento em Smart Farm
Authors:   Instituto Federal de São Paulo, Escola João Paulo Lemos , Guido Rodrigo Capobianco ,   Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Silva Ivan Nunes da ,   Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Soares Lucas Exposto ,   Instituto Federal de São Paulo
Published: October 2021

A melhoria do processo de monitoramento de insetos-praga em área agrícola é um desafio para os cientistas. A cigarra é um inseto-praga da lavoura de café que tem como característica marcante a emissão de som. Um dispositivo capaz de auxiliar o agricultor no manejo desses insetos pode ser de grande auxílio no manejo desses insetos. O presente trabalho busca aprimorar o processo de monitoramento automatizado de cigarras em lavoura de café analisando o alcance do dispositivo capaz de detetar a presença das cigarras no campo. Os resultados mostraram promissores, encorajando os pesquisadores na continuidade dos estudos.
Selection of recycled water electrochemical conditioning parameters for preparation of diamond-bearing kimberlite for froth separation
Authors: Dvoichenkova G. P. , Morozov V. V. , Chanturia E. L. , Kovalenko E. G.
Published: October 2021

The main reason of decreasing diamond recovery through froth separation is their surface hydrophilization by hypergene minerals and technogenic films, crystallized from the supersaturated aqueous phase, fixed on the surface structurally or by adhesion. Various types of physical actions, including thermal and ultrasonic treatment of the initial feed of froth separation, are recommended to increase the diamond-bearing kimberlite beneficiation process performance, providing cleaning of the surface of diamonds due to destruction of their accretions with rock minerals and removal of film hydrophilizing coatings from the surface of diamond crystals. A sample of kimberlite material with a given content of diamonds of 1.5–2 mm in size was used as a subject of research in the process of froth separation. The results of thermodynamic calculations and experimental research have substantiated the necessity of using electrochemical conditioning of recycled water for increasing the efficiency of diamond surface cleaning in froth separation operation when using the process of thermal treatment of initial ore feed. The use of diaphragmless electrochemical conditioning of recycled water increases the efficiency of thermochemical dissolution of hydrophilizing compounds on the surface of diamonds through reducing the concentration of calcium and carbonate ions as well as through shifting the medium pH to 6.1–6.5. The measurements of the limiting wetting angle showed that the maximum effect of increasing the diamond surface hydrophobicity was achieved when heat and electrochemical treatment were used together. Laboratory studies showed the possibility of increasing flotation diamond extraction from 65.7 to 91.4 % through application of electrochemical conditioning of recycled water. The optimum parameters of diaphragmless electrochemical treatment of recycled water of the froth separation cycle in conditions of application of pulp heat treatment: current density of 175–200 A/m2 and power consumption of 1.2–1.5 kWh/m3. Tests carried out at processing plant No. 3 of the Mirny GOK (Mining and Processing Complex) (Mirny, Yakutiya) showed that the application of the developed froth separation process intensification method with the use of thermal treatment of pulp and electrochemical diaphragmless treatment of recycled water allowed increasing the recovery of diamonds of +0.5–2 mm size by 4.9–5.1 %.
Study of Plankton diversity status of local habitat in eastern Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Ankita Sahu , Ram P Yadav , Ajay Singh
Published: October 2021

The studies included the local habitat of Lake River and ponds, which are most important, share the habitat in local flora and fauna in eastern Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) India. The study was conducted to assess the mainly phytoplankton and zooplankton status of the Ramgarh lake, Maheshra tal, and Rapti river in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India by examining the biological parameters. The most important planktonic group encountered in the present study was cyanophyceae and Zygnematophyceae Nostocale and Desimidiale encountered as other genera which existed in the Ramgarh lake, Maheshra tal, and Rapti river water of the habitat. The study found that the members of protozoans group animal contribute 50 percent of the total zooplankton population during the year of the study period.
Análisis comparativo del uso de marcadores metadiscursivos en la evaluación formativa y sumativa online / Comparative analysis of the use of metadiscourse markers in online formative and summative assessment
Authors: Carrió-Pastor María Luisa
Published: October 2021

In this paper, my main aim is to compare the effectiveness of formative assessment with summative assessment in online tasks. Different types of online tasks were designed that students should do in two subjects in the first and second semester of an academic year. Summative assessment was carried out in the subject of the first semester to the control group. In the second semester, formative assessment was performed in another subject to the experimental group. This experiment was carried out with graduate students whose mother tongue was Chinese and they had to perform the tasks in Spanish, doing formative assessment activities. In order to identify and analyse the results of the experiment, several aspects were taken into account, such as the use of metadiscursive markers, interaction with the teacher, and effective communication. The students did the tasks progressively and the results were compared in the control and experimental groups. The results were commented in order to identify if differences were observed in the use of metadiscursive markers and the conclusions of the study were drawn.
Afrikaanse gereformeerde kerke in Suid-Afrika en ekologie
Authors: Fick Rikus
Published: October 2021

The Afrikaans reformed churches in South Africa and ecologyA plethora of studies describing the scope of destruction of the ecology has been published since the 1970s. Lately, Christianity has been accused of being partly responsible for this. Despite the fact that South Africa is one of the ten largest polluters in the world, local religious communities only started voicing an opinion on this matter during the late 1980s. Only in the early 1990s did the reformed churches in South Africa begin some soul searching and the matter was placed on the agenda. The question raised in this article is: What contribution have the reformed churches in South Africa made towards averting this crisis? The author considers criticism levelled at Christianity in general and at the reformed churches in particular; the status of ecology in the dogma of these churches; the contributions made by theologians, and important decisions taken by synods. Three phases were noted in the way the synods dealt with the issue: Firstly, it was acknowledged that a crisis exists and that the church is neither innocent nor can she remain indifferent; secondly, theologians reflected deeply on this matter and offered a refined formulation of a creed to articulate the relationship between God, creation and man. Lastly, practical guidelines were proposed. It was found that the reformed churches have contributed significantly towards alerting people to the fact that the crisis also has religious implications; that the faithful should obey Biblical guidelines; and that there are implications for life, liturgy, education, and theological training.
A arquitetura do Império Romano: uma discussão das construções da Bitínia na correspondência entre Plínio, o Jovem e Trajano
Authors: Costa Alex Aparecido da
Published: October 2021

Um dos aspectos importantes de coesão do Império Romano era o urbanismo. As cidades eram espaços de afirmação da ordem social romana, sobretudo de suas camadas dirigentes. Nas províncias, a administração, por meio de um pacto com as elites, promovia construções de obras que respaldavam o poder local e o poder imperial. Expressões destacadas dos processos de integração do Império Romano, esses esforços eram marcados pela complexidade das relações de poder entre o centro e a periferia do mundo romano. Neste artigo, discutiremos a presença desses elementos nas cartas de Plínio, o Jovem, e Trajano acerca da administração da província romana da Bitínia.
Escapando da narrativa de Plutarco: uma reconstrução da vida de Demétrio, o Sitiador de Cidades
Authors: Musa de Noronha Lemes Jorel
Published: October 2021

Resenha de: WHEATLEY, Pat; DUNN, Charlotte. Demetrius the Besieger. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. 528 p.
Imagens do poder e poder das imagens no Mundo Romano: uma entrevista com Renata Senna Garraffoni
Authors: Senna Garraffoni Renata
Published: October 2021

Entrevista com Renata Senna Garraffoni.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL INSTITUTIONS OF INFORMATION LAW IN THE WORKS OF LEGAL SCHOLARS OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV DURING THE PERIOD FROM 1991 TO 2021
Authors: Zaiarnyi O.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the scientific achievements of legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv in the field of information law as well as describes their impact on the formation of fundamental institutions of this field of law during the period from 1991 to 2021. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical and methodological grounds for the development of the main institutes of information law in the works of legal scholars of the Institute of Law / Faculty of Law of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The author also aims at studying the prerequisites for the formation of Kyiv University scientific school of information law and determining further promising areas of research within the relevant field of law. Methods. During the study a number of methods have been used, namely dialectical, system-structural, formal-logical as well as historical, comparative, sociological, etc. Results. The article substantiates that the process of updating the institutions of information law in independent Ukraine is inextricably linked with the process of improving information legislation, the development of digital transformations in the state and society and research on various aspects of legal regulation of information relations. The paper shows that a wide range of proposals formulated by legal scholars of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv regarding the improvement of information legislation of Ukraine have been enshrined in the provisions of certain laws and bylaws. The paper also proves that the legal and educational basis for the development of a modern school of information law at Kyiv University is the establishment of Information Law Specialization for Master's Degree in 2012. The conclusions set out the main provisions of the study; formulate further areas of research of the main institutes of information law, which may be of scientific interest to legal scholars and practitioners. Keywords: field of law; Information Law; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; scientific school; legal system; period from 1991 to 2021.
Theoretical Analysis of the Apathy Diagnostical Measurement
Authors: Zolotareva A.A.
Published: October 2021

The article lays out a theoretical analysis of the problem with diagnosing apathy in today's research. Apathy is a state characterized by a simultaneous decrease in the behavioral, cognitive and emotional concomitants of goal-directed behavior due to loss of motivation [15]. Behavioral changes lie in a declining everyday problem-solving effectiveness at home or work. Cognitive changes result in reduced cognitive functioning and a lack of plans and life strategies. Emotional changes manifest in a decrease in affective response to events that previously elicited either a positive or negative emotional response. Diagnostic criteria, or the 'gold standard' for apathy, identify behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and social symptoms of apathy that cause clinically significant disorders in personal, social, professional, or other important areas of life. The differential diagnosis of apathy involves its clinical distinction from syndromes such as delirium, dementia, depression, abulia, akinesia, and demoralization. The review can be useful for psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers and all practitioners who interact with people at risk of developing apathetic states.
The Role of Personality Characteristics and Social Activity in the Academic Adaptation of University Students with Chronic Diseases
Authors: Shamionov R.M. , Grigoryeva M.V. , Grinina E.S. , Sozonnik A.V.
Published: October 2021

The study of personal and behavioral factors of academic adaptation of students with chronic diseases is necessary for the development of a strategy for the socio-psychological and psychological-pedagogical support of such individuals at the university. The purpose of the study is to investigate the role of personality characteristics and social activity in the academic adaptation of conditionally healthy students and students with chronic diseases. The study involved 419 undergraduate university students aged 17–26 years, average age M=19,6, SD=2,8 (men 18,4%), 34,8% of them have chronic diseases (visual system, combined disorders, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, emotional and volitional disorders, etc.). The samples were balanced by gender, age, and academic level. The following questionnaires were used: 5PFQ by R. McCrae and P. Costa in the adaptation of A.B. Khromov (2000), the Scale of academic adaptation (R.M. Shamionov et al., 2020), the Scale of commitment to various forms of social activity (Shamionov R.M. et al., 2018). It was found that students with chronic diseases are characterized by a weaker expression of extraversion and a stronger emotional instability. The relationship between the components of academic adaptation and personality traits attachment–isolation, self- control–impulsivity, emotional stability–instability is universal regardless of the state of health. Socio-political and Internet search activities are associated with the adaptation of students with chronic diseases. Emotional stability–instability is a moderator of the directed connection of age and chronic diseases with academic adaptation, weakening the direct causal relationship. The obtained data allow us to outline the ways of socio- psychological and psychological-pedagogical support of students with chronic diseases at the university.
Features of the Use of Virtual Reality Technologies in the Rehabilitation and Treatment of Depression in Clinical Psychology
Authors: Selivanov V.V. , Meitner L. , Griber Y.A.
Published: October 2021

The work focused on the examining the use of virtual reality (VR) technologies in the reduction of depression in Europe. More than 70 issues of the journals “Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking”, “European Psychologist” were analyzed. We used the bibliometric analysis, the "keyword method" to analyze the text, which is understood as a search for typical terms, content analysis of the content of articles that used VR and depression. In the journal "European Psychologist" the term VR has not been mentioned for the last 2 years, which indicates the secondary importance of this issue for general psychology. In cyberpsychology, on the contrary, since 2019 in Europe, the interest of researchers in the use of VR technologies in clinical psychology has increased. By the content of the journal articles. "Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking" VR technologies are used primarily for the correction of anxiety disorders, and secondly, for the correction of depression. These technologies are used in various ways. The first option is to create VR programs with a direct impact on depression reduction. Here, VR is used as a symptom awareness tool, to create an avatar environment for client dialogue in a non- judgmental environment. Research has shown that such VR programs are rated by users as a useful tool for informing and emotionally responding to depressive states. The second option is an indirect effect on reducing the level of depression through the reduction of fears, phobias; increased activation, tone, euphoria in mental states; the development of a positive mood, cognitive motivation; an increase in indicators of field independence (cognitive style). A study based on the methods of psychosemantics is presented, which has demonstrated the effect of a specially created VR program with an avatar on changing the unconscious attitudes of the personality, reducing phobia of darkness. The effectiveness of using of VR technologies in reducing depression is determined by modeling of mental experiences and actions in VR, creating a virtual ontology, the influence of VR on conscious and unconscious attitudes, the possibility of responding to unconscious experiences through the user's identification with an avatar.
Moral judgment in adolescents with deviant behavior
Authors: Almaeva E.A.
Published: October 2021

The features of the moral judgments of adolescents with deviant behavior are considered in the article. The relationship between the level of moral development and deviant behavior is established. Lower levels of development of moral judgments are observed in juvenile with deviant behavior. The factors affecting the moral consciousness of adolescents and the causes of deviant behavior are analyzed in the article. Special attention is paid to the main views of foreign specialists on this problem. Ways to increase the moral consciousness of juvenile for the correction of deviant behavior are indicated.
Emigration intentions of youth: theoretical foundations of the study and categorical diversity (a review of international studies)
Authors: Murashcenkova N.V.
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the overview of modern international studies of emigration intentions of youth. The special role of psychological research in this scientific field is substantiated. The article reviews the procedural models of voluntary emigration. The paper analyses the significance of the social context and the role of the “migration culture” by shaping the emigration activity of the individual. The article describes the categorical variety of youth emigration intentions in international studies. The article analyses the main research strategies, measurement methods and current trends by conducting such psychological research. It is promising to compare the analyzed results of international studies with those of national scientists in the area under consideration. The data presented in the article can be useful in organizing and conducting socio-psychological empirical studies aimed at identifying the driving forces behind the emigration activity of young people in Russia and other countries.
Cognitive predictors of hybrid and alternative identification in multicultural environment: review of foreign studies
Authors: Yasin M.I. , Ryabichenko T.A.
Published: October 2021

In the modern world, the processes of globalization, migration, increased social mobility, the availability of tourism and other ways of meeting cultures lead to the activation of intercultural communication. More and more people become bearers of more than one culture (biculturals). The choice of an identity model in scientific publications is often considered as a result of environmental influences, but intrapsychic factors, including cognitive styles, are not sufficiently considered. Existing studies give a rather vague picture. The purpose of this work is to generalize the available data on the role of the cognitive component in the identification processes, to identify possible predictors of hybrid and alternative identification, to build a model of the influence of cognitive factors on the choice of an identification model. The author's hypothetical model of cognitive predictors of hybrid or alternative identity (in the schema format) is proposed. We see further prospects for working on the problem in the empirical testing of the proposed model.
Some features and problems of application of genomic technologies in the Russian Federation
Authors: Nekoteneva M. V. , Babushkin M. S.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the experience of regulation and the search for ways to overcome some of the problems that exist in the field of application of genomic technologies. Based on the discovery of differences in the specifics of the choice of mechanisms at the international, regional and national levels in the regulation of relations developing in the field of genomic research, the implementation of their results, approaches are proposed aimed at neutralizing possible negative consequences and resolving existing problems. Special attention is paid to the search for approaches aimed at resolving the problems existing in this area in the Russian Federation. The materials of the article can be useful in both theoretical and practical jurisprudence, and may be of interest for other areas of the human genome research (bioinformatics, medicine etc.).
The results of therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in children in perm region
Authors: Tomilina Yulia M. , Chistousova Galina V. , Sofronova Ludmila V.
Published: October 2021

Background. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders. About 90% of all children with CAH have 21-hydroxylase deficiency which is required for the synthesis of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticodes. The salt-wasting form of CAH develops with a deficiency of both types of hormones. This form of CAH results in infant death if not treated, therefore early disease detection and start of treatment are very important.

Aim of research is to study the clinical features of the course of the disease and evaluate the treatment efficacy of children with salt-wasting form of CAH in the Perm region.

Materials and methods. We conducted an analysis of the clinical features of the salt-wasting form of CAH in 40 children of the Perm region. To evaluate the treatment efficacy following symptoms were analyzed: salty food craving, hyperpigmentation of skin, hirsutism, delayed or accelerated growth, etc. and parameters of water-electrolytic balance, the level of 17-hydroxyprogesterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, renin.

Results and discussion. Despite the modern possibilities of diagnosing and treating CAH, the complete control of the disease cant be achieved in all children. Almost all the children examined had either symptoms of replacement therapy failure or overdose symptoms. Hormonal imbalance disorders were performed by a few children without any symptoms of the disease.

Conclusion. During our research we concluded that young children often have issues with an overdose of hormonal drugs and frequent occurrence of salt-wasting crises against the background of associated diseases, while for teenagers, problems associated with an insufficient dose of glucocorticoid drugs are relevant. Also, significant difficulties in the treatment of children with CAH are associated with the short action of hydrocortisone. One way to solve these problems is to organize a school for parents of children with CAH. Creating motivation, explaining the principles of treatment and importance of regular taking of drugs, as well as algorithm in medical emergency is an important step in achieving control for the disease.
Hyperlactatemia and lactate acidosis in the practice of pediatricians
Authors: Parshina Natalia V. , Danilova Lyubov A. , Dekhtyareva Nadezhda S.
Published: October 2021

Assessment of blood lactate / lactic acid levels by a General pediatrician is sometimes difficult. Lactate is a product of cellular metabolism of glucose, fatty acids, and some interchangeable amino acids. The norm of lactate in the blood is not defined by international standards, so it depends on the methodology and reagents used in the laboratory. The level of lactate in the blood is the result of an equilibrium between the processes of its formation and utilization. The leading causes of increased blood lactate are anaerobic muscle activity (heavy exercise, seizures), impaired liver and kidney function, lung and heart diseases (respiratory failure, circulatory failure), diabetes, sepsis, regional tissue circulatory disorders (burns and injuries), shocks, some severe abnormalities in the condition of newborns, mitochondrial diseases, and medications. Lactatacidosis is a rare dangerous complication caused by certain pathological conditions (diseases or syndromes), which can end in death. Identification of the cause of lactic acidosis and differential diagnosis of its type is a crucial factor for choosing a treatment strategy. Lactatacidotic coma in diabetes mellitus is a rare, but possible complication, that requires intensive complex treatment in intensive care units. The pediatrician should be able to assess the level of lactate in the blood, analyze the possible causes of hyperlactatemia, and know the algorithm of actions in the development of lactate acidosis.
Lysosomal storage diseases: mucopolysaccharidosis type I and II
Authors: Gorbunova Victoria N. , Buchinskaia Natalia V.
Published: October 2021

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) are a genetically heterogeneous group of rare monogenic metabolic diseases associated with hereditary insufficiency of lysosomal enzymes involved in the catabolism of glycosaminoglycans, or mucopolysaccharides. The pathogenesis of MPS is due to the accumulation of non-cleaved glycosaminoglycans in lysosomes, which can destroy cells. All MPS are characterized by a polysystemic manifestation, the simultaneous involvement of many organs and tissues in the pathological process, first of all, connective tissues, bones and cartilaginous. This review presents the epidemiology, clinical, biochemical, and molecular genetic characteristics of MPS types I and II, caused by the recessive mutations in the alpha-L-iduronidase and iduronate-2-sulfatase genes, respectively, and by the accumulation of dermatan and heparan sulfate. Each of these diseases is characterized by clinical polymorphism, especially observed in MPS I, which often manifests in a severe form of Hurler syndrome, but can also occur in a milder form of Scheie syndrome. Currently, there is an increased interest in MPS in the world due to the identification of the spectrum and frequencies of mutations in theIDUAandIDSgenes in various populations, including in Russia, and the practical availability of methods for individual molecular diagnostics. The description of the existing experimental models, their role in the study of the biochemical basis of the pathogenesis of these severe hereditary diseases and the development of various therapeutic approaches are given. Discusses the possibility of early diagnosis of MPS I and II types based on neonatal screening in order to increase the effectiveness of their prevention and treatment, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the main approaches to the treatment of these serious diseases, such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, enzyme replacement and substrate-reducing therapy. A clinical example of a combination therapy for a severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis type I Hurler syndrome is presented
Albert vazgenovich papayan – outstanding scientist, pediatrician, teacher (towards 85th anniversary)
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry O. , Savenkova Nadezhda D.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the medical, scientific, and pedagogical activities of the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Albert Vazgenovich Papayan (19362002), Head of the Department of Faculty Pediatrics (19742002), Dean of Foreign Students (19691985), Vice-Rector for International Relations (19992002) of the Leningrad Pediatric Medical Institute, then the St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical Academy. Professor A.V. Papayan is an outstanding scientist who formed the largest pediatric nephrology school within the walls of the SPbSMA, as the founder of the study of the hemostasis system in kidney diseases in children, as a teacher who brought up several generations of pediatricians and nephrologists, as a doctor who restored the health of thousands of sick children. Professor A.V. Papayan is the author of over 400 scientific papers, including 14 monographs and chapters in 14 manuals. Under the guidance of Professor A.V. Papayan completed and defended 62 dissertations of the Candidate of Medical Sciences, with scientific advice 1 dissertation of the Doctor of Medical Sciences. Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation Albert Vazgenovich Papayan is the pride of the national pediatric science, education and health care. The editorial presents medical, scientific, pedagogical activity academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation.