bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MYC Gene Rearrangements Are Closely Associated with Poor Survival of Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma with Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Authors: Liu Zhihe , Li Siyun , Guo Wei , Wang Yinping , Wang Ming , Bai Ou
Published: October 2017

The aim of this study was to identify clinical adverse prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS) of diffuse large B cell (DLBCL) patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. In this study, 30 DLBCL patients with HBV infection and 51 DLBCL patients with HBV-free were reviewed retrospectively. As of July 2016, the median follow-up period was 26.4 months (3.0~65.0 months). The median OS of patients in HBV infection group was 38.6 months, while that of patients in HBV-free group was not reached (P=0.042); the median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients in HBV infection group was worse than that in HBV-free group, 18.5 months and 38.5 months (P=0.118), respectively. The rate of MYC and BCL2 gene rearrangements in HBV infection group was significantly higher than that in HBV-free group, 20.0% versus 3.9% (P=0.019) and 23.3% versus 5.9% (P=0.021), respectively. Multivariable analysis indicated that IPI (P=0.002), chemotherapy regimens (P=0.017), and MYC gene rearrangements (P=0.004) were independent adverse prognostic factors for all DLBCL patients in this study. Results demonstrated that the poor survival of DLBCL patients with HBV infection was closely involved in chemotherapy regimens, IPI, and MYC gene rearrangements.
Recent Advances on In Situ SEM Mechanical and Electrical Characterization of Low-Dimensional Nanomaterials
Authors: Jiang Chenchen , Lu Haojian , Zhang Hongti , Shen Yajing , Lu Yang
Published: October 2017

In the past decades, in situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has become a powerful technique for the experimental study of low-dimensional (1D/2D) nanomaterials, since it can provide unprecedented details for individual nanostructures upon mechanical and electrical stimulus and thus uncover the fundamental deformation and failure mechanisms for their device applications. In this overview, we summarized recent developments on in situ SEM-based mechanical and electrical characterization techniques including tensile, compression, bending, and electrical property probing on individual nanostructures, as well as the state-of-the-art electromechanical coupling analysis. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of in situ SEM tests were also discussed with some possible solutions to address the challenges. Furthermore, critical challenges were also discussed for the development and design of robust in situ SEM characterization platform with higher resolution and wider range of samples. These experimental efforts have offered in-depth understanding on the mechanical and electrical properties of low-dimensional nanomaterial components and given guidelines for their further structural and functional applications.
Neovascular Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Expression Is Associated with Improved Overall Survival under Palliative Chemotherapy in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Stock Katharina , Steinestel Konrad , Wiesch Rebekka , Mikesch Jan-Henrik , Hansmeier Anna , Trautmann Marcel , Beller Nora , Rehkämper Jan , Wardelmann Eva , Heitkötter Birthe , Hartmann Wolfgang , Sperveslage Jan , Huss Sebastian
Published: October 2017

Aims. Expression of PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) has been demonstrated in various cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, PSMA expression in PDAC-associated neovasculature has so far not been systematically analyzed.Methods and Results. We analyzed PSMA expression in 81 PDAC tissue samples from 61 patients. Microvessel density (MVD) was assessed by software-based image analysis and showed a mean MVD of 63.7 microvessels/0.785 mm2. PSMA was practically absent in tumor tissue (5.3%) and PDAC cell lines (0/7) but could be detected in tumor-associated neovasculature in 53.2% of cases. There was no association between neovascular PSMA expression and clinicopathological tumor characteristics. Samples with PSMA+ neovasculature showed increased MVD; however, this result was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Presence of PSMA+ neovessels correlated with overall survival under palliative chemotherapy (894 versus 400 days; HR 0.42; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.87;p<0.05).Conclusion. PSMA expression in tumor-associated neovasculature is a common feature and associated with improved overall survival under palliative chemotherapy in PDAC. Our results point towards a possible association between PSMA expression and response to therapy which might be based on enhanced intratumoral bioavailability of systemic chemotherapy.
Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogels Containing Polymeric Microspheres for Vaginal Drug Delivery
Authors: Yang Ting-Ting , Cheng Yuan-Zheng , Qin Meng , Wang Yong-Hong , Yu Hong-Li , Wang An-Lin , Zhang Wei-Fen
Published: October 2017

Thermosensitive hydrogels have increasingly received considerable attention for local drug delivery based on many advantages. However, burst release of drugs is becoming a critical challenge when the hydrogels are employed. Microspheres- (MS-) loaded thermosensitive hydrogels were thus fabricated to address this limitation. Employing an orthogonal design, the spray-dried operations of tenofovir (TFV)/Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP)/chitosan (CTS) MS were optimized according to the drug loading (DL). The physicochemical properties of the optimal MS (MS F) were characterized. Depending on the gelation temperature and gelating time, the optimal CTS-sodium alginate- (SA-) α,β-glycerophosphate (GP) (CTS-SA-GP) hydrogel was obtained. Observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), TFV/BSP/CTS MS were successfully encapsulated in CTS-SA-GP. In vitro releasing demonstrated that MS F-CTS-SA-GP retained desirable in vitro sustained-release characteristics as a vaginal delivery system. Bioadhesion measurement showed that MS-CTS-SA-GP exhibited the highest mucoadhesive strength. Collectively, MS-CTS-SA-GP holds great promise for topical applications as a sustained-release vaginal drug delivery system.
An Assessment of Physicochemical Parameters of Selected Industrial Effluents in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Abhinay Man , Neupane Sanjila , Bisht Gunjan
Published: October 2017

It is a well-known fact that the effluents released from the industries and environmental degradation go hand in hand. With the ongoing global industrialization this problem has been further aggravated. As such, Nepal is no exception. Hundreds of industries are being registered in the country annually which inevitably brings the issues regarding environmental pollution. This study has been conducted with samples of wastewater from 5 different industrial sites in 4 districts of Nepal, namely, Makwanpur, Sunsari, Morang, and Kathmandu, among which two were Waste Water Treatment Plants which treated the combined effluents collected from various sources. The other three sites were from wires and cables industry, paint manufacturing industry, and plastic cutting industry. The physicochemical parameters analysed were pH, temperature, conductivity, turbidity, and Cu, Cr, SO42-, and PO43- levels. Possible onsite measurements were recorded using portable, handheld devices whereas other parameters were assessed in the laboratory. The observed parameter levels in the collected samples were compared against the available Nepal national standards for industrial effluents and in the absence of standards for industrial effluents, with other relevant standard levels. Most of the parameters analysed were within the permissible limits with the exception of pH and Cr levels in some sites.
The Distribution Frequency of Interferon-Gamma Receptor 1 Gene Polymorphisms in Interferon-γRelease Assay-Positive Patients
Authors: Chen Changguo , Chen Lei , Chen Changwei , Chen Qiuyuan , Zhao Qiangyuan , Dong Youyou
Published: October 2017

Tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium, a potentially fatal infectious bacterium. In recent years, TB cases increased in the whole world. WHO statistics data shows that the world’s annual tuberculosis incidence was 8~10 million with about 3 million deaths. Several studies have shown that susceptibility to tuberculosis may be associated with IFNGR1 gene polymorphisms. Here, we report the distribution frequency of IFNGR1 gene polymorphisms in 103 cases of IGA-negative patients and 100 cases of IGA-positive patients from China by sequencing the IFNGR1 proximal ~750 bp promoter region. We found a total of 5 types of site mutations: -611 (G/A), -56 (T/C), -255 (C/T), -359 (T/C), and -72 (C/T). The two main types of gene polymorphisms among the IGA-negative and IGA-positive groups were -611 (G/A), with mutation rates of 88.3% and 78.4%, respectively, and -56 (T/C), with mutation rates of 84.5% and 83.8%, respectively, which had no statistical significance, and there was no correlation with the incidence of tuberculosis.
Supplier Selection by Coupling‐Attribute Combinatorial Analysis
Authors: Sun Xinyu
Published: October 2017

Increasing reliance on outsourcing has made supplier selection a critical success factor for a supply chain/network. In addition to cost, the synergy among product components and supplier selection criteria should be considered holistically during the supplier selection process. This paper shows this synergy using coupled‐attribute analysis. The key coupling attributes, including total cost, quality, delivery reliability, and delivery lead time of the final product, are identified and formulated. A max‐max model is designed to assist the selection of the optional combination of suppliers. The results are compared with the individual supplier selection. Management insights are also discussed.
Protein Intake, Especially Vegetable Protein Intake, Is Associated with Higher Skeletal Muscle Mass in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Miki Akane , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Matsumoto Shinobu , Ushigome Emi , Fukuda Takuya , Sennmaru Takafumi , Tanaka Muhei , Yamazaki Masahiro , Fukui Michiaki
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims. Protein intake is important for maintaining muscle mass in general population. However, it remains to be elucidated the association between dietary protein intake and skeletal muscle mass in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods. In this cross-sectional study of 168 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, we investigated the relationship between skeletal muscle index (SMI) and protein intake. Bioimpedance analysis was used for measurement for skeletal muscle mass (kg) and SMI (%), which was defined as skeletal muscle mass (kg)/total body weight (kg) × 100. Habitual food and nutrient intake were estimated by a questionnaire.Results. Protein intake was independently correlated with SMI after adjusting for age, hemoglobin A1c, C-peptide index, exercise, smoking, insulin treatment, total energy intake, and C-reactive protein (standardized regression coefficient = 0.664,P<0.001in men and standardized regression coefficient = 0.516,P=0.005in women). Additionally, the animal protein to vegetable protein ratio was negatively correlated with SMI after adjusting for covariates in men (standardized regression coefficient = −0.339,P=0.005).Conclusions. We found that total protein intake, especially vegetable protein intake, was positively associated with skeletal muscle mass in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.
Rheology of Sesame Pastes with Different Amounts of Water Added
Authors: Hou Li-Xia
Published: October 2017

Sesame paste, usually served as a dressing in some local dishes and the desserts in Southeast Asia and the Middle East, requires mixing with water before consumption to form a thin emulsion of the oil-in-water type. Usually water addition is performed empirically and it is difficult to keep the quality of water-mixed sesame paste consistent. In this study, the rheological behavior of sesame paste with different ratios of sesame paste to added water was investigated. The sesame paste tested contains 59.71% of crude fat and 17% of protein. The ratios of sesame paste to added water (w/v) were 1 : 0.75 (T1), 1 : 1 (T2), 1 : 1.25 (T3), and 1 : 1.5 (T4), respectively. All the samples showed the properties of the viscoelastic solids. The samples T1 and T2 behaved as a pseudoplastic material, whereas the apparent viscosity of T3 and T4 remained almost unchanged with the shear rate increasing. T2 had the moderate area of thixotropy loop (57.32 Pa/s) among the tested samples and scored the highest in the sensory evaluation. Therefore, our study suggested that ratio of sesame paste to added water of 1 : 1 (w/v) is suitable for preparing dressings for different dishes.
Safety‐Guaranteed Trajectory Tracking Control for the Underactuated Hovercraft with State and Input Constraints
Authors: Fu Mingyu , Gao Shuang , Wang Chenglong
Published: October 2017

This paper develops a safety‐guaranteed trajectory tracking controller for hovercraft by using a safety‐guaranteed auxiliary dynamic system, an integral sliding mode control, and an adaptive neural network method. The safety‐guaranteed auxiliary dynamic system is designed to implement system state and input constraints. By considering the relationship of velocity and resistance hump, the velocity of hovercraft is constrained to eliminate the effect of resistance hump and obtain better stability. And the safety limit of drift angle is well performed to guarantee the light safe maneuvers of hovercraft tracking with high velocities. In view of the natural capabilities of actuators, the control input is constrained. High nonlinearity and model uncertainties of hovercraft are approximated by employing adaptive radical basis function neural networks. The proposed controller guarantees the boundedness of all the closed‐loop signals. Specifically, the tracking errors are uniformly ultimately bounded. Numerical simulations are implemented to demonstrate the efficacy of the designed controller.
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Quantifies Immune Cell Transcript Levels, Metastatic Progression, and Survival in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Scott Milcah C. , Temiz Nuri A. , Sarver Anne E. , LaRue Rebecca S. , Rathe Susan K. , Varshney Jyotika , Wolf Natalie K. , Moriarity Branden S. , O'Brien Timothy D. , Spector Logan G. , Largaespada David A. , Modiano Jaime F. , Subramanian Subbaya , Sarver Aaron L.
Published: October 2017

Overall survival of patients with osteosarcoma (OS) has improved little in the past three decades, and better models for study are needed. OS is common in large dog breeds and is genetically inducible in mice, making the disease ideal for comparative genomic analyses across species. Understanding the level of conservation of intertumor transcriptional variation across species and how it is associated with progression to metastasis will enable us to more efficiently develop effective strategies to manage OS and to improve therapy. In this study, transcriptional profiles of OS tumors and cell lines derived from humans (n = 49), mice (n = 103), and dogs (n = 34) were generated using RNA sequencing. Conserved intertumor transcriptional variation was present in tumor sets from all three species and comprised gene clusters associated with cell cycle and mitosis and with the presence or absence of immune cells. Further, we developed a novel gene cluster expression summary score (GCESS) to quantify intertumor transcriptional variation and demonstrated that these GCESS values associated with patient outcome. Human OS tumors with GCESS values suggesting decreased immune cell presence were associated with metastasis and poor survival. We validated these results in an independent human OS tumor cohort and in 15 different tumor data sets obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Our results suggest that quantification of immune cell absence and tumor cell proliferation may better inform therapeutic decisions and improve overall survival for OS patients.

Significance: This study offers new tools to quantify tumor heterogeneity in osteosarcoma, identifying potentially useful prognostic biomarkers for metastatic progression and survival in patients. Cancer Res; 78(2); 326–37. ©2017 AACR.
Molecular Subtypes of Pulmonary Large-cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Predict Chemotherapy Treatment Outcome
Authors: Derks Jules L. , Leblay Noémie , Thunnissen Erik , van Suylen Robert Jan , den Bakker Michael , Groen Harry J.M. , Smit Egbert F. , Damhuis Ronald , van den Broek Esther C. , Charbrier Amélie , Foll Matthieu , McKay James D. , Fernandez-Cuesta Lynnette , Speel Ernst-Jan M. , Dingemans Anne-Marie C.
Published: October 2017

Purpose: Previous genomic studies have identified two mutually exclusive molecular subtypes of large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC): the RB1 mutated (mostly comutated with TP53) and the RB1 wild-type groups. We assessed whether these subtypes have a predictive value on chemotherapy outcome.

Experimental Design: Clinical data and tumor specimens were retrospectively obtained from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and Pathology Registry. Panel-consensus pathology revision confirmed the diagnosis of LCNEC in 148 of 232 cases. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) for TP53, RB1, STK11, and KEAP1 genes, as well as IHC for RB1 and P16 was performed on 79 and 109 cases, respectively, and correlated with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), stratifying for non–small cell lung cancer type chemotherapy including platinum + gemcitabine or taxanes (NSCLC-GEM/TAX) and platinum-etoposide (SCLC-PE).

Results: RB1 mutation and protein loss were detected in 47% (n = 37) and 72% (n = 78) of the cases, respectively. Patients with RB1 wild-type LCNEC treated with NSCLC-GEM/TAX had a significantly longer OS [9.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 7.7–11.6 months] than those treated with SCLC-PE [5.8 (5.5–6.1); P = 0.026]. Similar results were obtained for patients expressing RB1 in their tumors (P = 0.001). RB1 staining or P16 loss showed similar results. The same outcome for chemotherapy treatment was observed in LCNEC tumors harboring an RB1 mutation or lost RB1 protein.

Conclusions: Patients with LCNEC tumors that carry a wild-type RB1 gene or express the RB1 protein do better with NSCLC-GEM/TAX treatment than with SCLC-PE chemotherapy. However, no difference was observed for RB1 mutated or with lost protein expression. Clin Cancer Res; 24(1); 33–42. ©2017 AACR.
Organized Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Barretos, Brazil: Experience in 18 Municipalities of São Paulo State
Authors: Possati-Resende Júlio César , Vazquez Fabiana de Lima , Biot Sinval Tadeu , Mauad Edmundo Carvalho , Talarico Thais , Fregnani José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro , Longatto-Filho Adhemar
Published: October 2017

Objectives: The aim of this report is to demonstrate the Barretos Cancer Hospital initiative of organizational, laboratorial, and human resources training in the implementation of an organized cervical screening program in low-resource settings. Methods: We developed a computational program to report all epidemiological, clinical, and laboratorial findings, and to trace all necessary information to recruit women for regular screening or for referral for complementary exams after liquid-based Pap test analyses. Results: All Pap tests were collected in liquid medium and in 2014 more than 160,000 tests were analyzed and 2,900 colposcopy examinations were performed. From 2012 to 2015, the percentage of exams collected increased from 54.6% in 2012 to 62.4% in 2013, 68.4% in 2014, and 71% in 2015. Per 1,000 Pap tests, 0.4 cases of invasive cancer were diagnosed; for in situ carcinoma, 1.9 cases were identified. More importantly, between 2011 and 2015, 89.4% of all carcinomas were detected at clinical stage 0 or I (in situ carcinoma), and only 5% at stages III and IV. Conclusions: Since the organized system was implemented, 98% of women have attended their recall for colposcopy. So far, we have not reached the target of 70% of women for this proposal, as recommended by the international standards.
Colorectal Cancer Screening: What Is the Population's Opinion
Authors: Teixeira Cristina , Martins Cláudio , Trabulo Daniel , Ribeiro Suzane , Cardoso Cláudia , Mangualde João , Freire Ricardo , Gamito Élia , Alves Ana Luisa , Cremers Isabelle , Oliveira Ana Paula
Published: October 2017

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the first cause of death by cancer in Portugal and mortality has been increasing in the last 30 years. Materials and Methods: During a raising awareness campaign performed by our Gastroenterology Department, in Setúbal, Portugal, an anonymous written questionnaire was developed and presented in order to evaluate the population's knowledge and attitude regarding CRC screening. Results: The following results were reported: 140 persons; mean age 54.6 years; 61.4% women; 22.1% had a family history of colorectal cancer. The main risk factors mentioned by the respondents were family history of CRC, previous history of intestinal polyps, and intestinal infection. Screening was considered useful by all respondents. About 60% of the respondents had been counselled, at least, on one screening technique, mainly by their general practitioner: colonoscopy in 31, fecal occult blood test in 44, and flexible sigmoidoscopy in 9. Most of the respondents had had the appropriate screening test, according to their age and family history. Fourteen of the respondents had not undergone the recommended screening. Their answers showed that this was due to fear of pain/discovering a disease as well as embarrassment. Conclusion: Although the majority of the respondents were aware of the importance of CRC screening, results show that there are still several misconceptions about risk factors, fear, and reluctance concerning the screening techniques. Awareness actions are useful to clarify possible questions and inform the population in order to increase compliance with screening.
Intraocular Pressure Spikes within First Postoperative Hours following Standard Trabeculectomy: Incidence and Associated Factors
Authors: Daher Felipe , Almeida Izabela , Ushida Michele , Soares Bernardo , Dorairaj Syril , Kanadani Fabio N. , Paranhos Jr. Augusto , Gracitelli Carolina P.B. , Prata Tiago S.
Published: October 2017

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of intraocular pressure (IOP) spikes within the first postoperative hours following trabeculectomy (TRAB) and to determine possible associated factors. Methods: An observational study was carried out. We enrolled consecutive patients undergoing standard TRAB with mitomycin C. They were examined twice within the first few postoperative hours (hours 1-2 and 4-6) and 3 times after TRAB (on days 1, 7, and 30). Demographic and ocular data were collected. Main outcome measurements were postoperative IOP values at each time point and the frequency of IOP spikes, defined as IOP ≥25 mm Hg. Results: A total of 40 eyes of 40 patients were included (mean age 59.62 ± 13.37 years). Although IOP was significantly reduced to 11.14 ± 7.99 mm Hg at hours 1-2 (p < 0.01) and to 11.52 ± 7.30 mm Hg at hours 4-6 (p < 0.01), IOP spikes were documented in 3 patients (7.5%). In the group of patients with IOP spikes, we noted that there was a high incidence of black patients and that the surgeries had been performed by fellow surgeons. Conclusion: Although the majority of the cases (92.5% of the patients) did not present IOP spikes, 7.5% of our patients presented the event. In selected cases, such as those with advanced disease, fixation threat, and of black race, IOP should be monitored during the first few postoperative hours for the identification and adequate management of potential IOP spikes, preventing undesirable outcomes.
Vascular Aging and Cognitive Dysfunction: Silent Midlife Crisis in the Brain
Authors: Lin Chen-Hua , Cheng Hao-Min , Chuang Shao-Yuan , Chen Chen-Huan
Published: October 2017

Background: Vascular aging may cause cerebral microvascular damage and cognitive dysfunction. There is incremental evidence that consistently implicates arterial stiffness being involved in the manifestation of cognitive impairment in the elderly. However, few investigations have examined the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment in midlife. Summary: Past studies inconsistently showed improved cognitive outcomes after antihypertensive therapy in elderly populations. Nevertheless, recent findings revealed that blood-pressure-lowering treatment in young adults might eliminate or halt the progression of the detrimental effects related to arterial stiffness, indicating that younger adults may have more favorable outcomes in cognition than their older counterparts if early intervention is conducted at the subclinical stage. Stiffening of the aorta may lead to an excessive flow pulsatility in the brain that may cause microvascular structural brain damage and worse cognitive performance. Recent investigations have suggested that arterial stiffness is likely to trigger initial silent brain damage, possibly preceding midlife, while the manifestation of cognitive decline and deterioration can be foreseen in the subsequent life span. Key Message: Despite the recent novel findings, definite conclusions on causality between vascular aging and cognitive dysfunction cannot be drawn at present. Further well-powered longitudinal studies with superior neuroimaging indicator, vascular mechanical biomarkers, and sensitive cognitive assessment tools that examine a broad range of age populations may help extend our understanding of the association between vascular aging and cognitive dysfunction throughout the life span.
Specific Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Audehm Stefan , Krackhardt Angela M.
Published: October 2017

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) represents a treatment option for a diversity of advanced hematopoietic malignancies providing hope for long-term responses especially due to immunogenic effects associated with the treatment modality. Despite respectable progress in the field, relapses and/or opportunistic infections are major reasons for the high treatment-related mortality. However, a number of novel immunotherapeutic approaches using defined cell populations have been developed to directly target residual malignant cells as well as defined infectious diseases. We here provide an overview of current adoptive cellular immunotherapies in the context of allo-HSCT and close with an outlook on new directions within the field.
Interactive Effects of Snps Located Within CD28/B7Pathway and Environment on Susceptibility to Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion
Authors: Wang Guiling , Sun Jing
Published: October 2017

Aims: This study was aimed to explore the interaction between environment and CD28/B7 pathway to provide the potential epidemiology for prevention and treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Methods: The retrospective study included 630 RSA cases and 1320 healthy women during their middle and late prenatal care. Their living environment was investigated, and the influence of environmental factors on pregnancy abortion was analyzed. The genomic DNAs were extracted from the study subjects, and the polymorphisms of CD28 and B7 were analyzed. Finally, the interaction of gene and environment on RSA was analyzed with the logistic regression analyses. Results: The multi-variate regression analysis indicated that vitamin supplement, intake of fresh fruits or vegetables, night shift, staying up late, history miscarriage, as well as history induced abortion were, independently, risk factors for RSA (all P< 0.05). Moreover, rs3116496 (T>C), rs3181098 (G>A) and rs3181100 (G>C) of CD28, rs1915087 (C>T) of B7-2, as well as rs6804441 (A>G) and rs41271391 (G>T) of B7-1 were correlated with modified RSA risk (all P< 0.05). The haplotypes TGT and TAG could also regulate the risk of RSA (both P< 0.05). The synthetic influences of the aforementioned SNPs and environmental factors could also significantly affect the susceptibility to RSA (all P< 0.05). Conclusion: The interaction of environment and SNPs of CD28/B7 pathway on RSA risk was distinct from CD28/B7 pathway or environment alone.
Protective Effect of Curcumin Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury in Rats with Parkinson’s Disease Through the Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wang Yun-Liang , Ju Bo , Zhang Yu-Zhen , Yin Hong-Lei , Liu Ya-Jun , Wang Shan-Shan , Zeng Zhi-Lei , Yang Xiao-Peng , Wang Hai-Tao , Li Jin-Feng
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims: The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of curcumin against oxidative stress-induced injury of Parkinson’s disease (PD) through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in rats. Methods: The successfully established PD rat models and normal healthy rats were randomly assigned into the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), the curcumin (Cur) and the control groups. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Deutocerebrum primary cells were extracted and classified into the control, 6-OHDA, Cur (5, 10, 15 µmol/L), Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and Cur + DKK-1 groups. MTT assays, adhesion tests and TUNEL staining were used to assess cell viability, adhesion and apoptosis, respectively. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to examine the protein and mRNA expressions of Wnt3a and β-catenin and the c-myc and cyclinD1 mRNA expressions. Results: TH and DAT expressions in the Cur group were elevated and GFAP was reduced compared with the 6-OHDA group. Curcumin enhanced viability, survival and adhesion and attenuated apoptosis of deutocerebrum primary cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Higher Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA and protein expressions and c-myc and cyclinD1 mRNA expressions, enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) contents, decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and elevated mitochondrial membrane potential (∆ψm) were found in the 10 and 15 µmol/L Cur groups compared with the 6-OHDA group. However, opposite tendencies were found in the Cur + DKK-1 group compared to the 10 µmol/L Cur group. Conclusion: This study suggests that curcumin could protect against oxidative stress-induced injury in PD rats via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
AF1q Contributes to Adriamycin-Induced Podocyte Injury by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Ren Rui , Du Juan , Sun Tingli , Wang Ping , Kang Ping
Published: October 2017

Background/Aims: Injury of podocytes plays an important role in decline of glomerular filtration and proteinuria. It is well-known that proteinuria is associated with numerous chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, the underlying mechanism of podocyte injury remains unclear. Methods: We used reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to compare the expression level of the ALL1-fused from the chromosome 1q (AF1q) gene in mice and mouse podocytes (MPC5) with or without Adriamycin (ADR) treatment. The effects of AF1q on Wnt/ β-catenin signaling were investigated by determining the expressions of desmin, snail, WT1, nephrin and E-cadherin using western blotting. Results: We found that AF1q expression was elevated in podocytes treated with ADR than untreated cells. AF1q overexpression directly led to podocytes injury with increased levels of desmin and snail. Luciferase activity of TOPflash reporter was significantly increased in cells with AF1q overexpression than wild type cells whereas deletion of T-cell-factor-7 (TCF7) eliminated this effect. Immunoprecipitation assay evidenced that AF1q interacted with TCF7 and promoted both transcriptional and translational expressions of TCF7. Overexpression of AF1q increased protein expression of β-catenin. However, in podocytes with deletion of TCF7, AF1q was not able to promote β-catenin expression. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that aberrant expression of AF1q may activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and result in podocyte injury.
СУЧАСНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ З ПІДГОТОВКИ ВИСОКОПРОФЕСІЙНИХ ФАХІВЦІВ
Authors: Zaporozhan V. M. , Kashtalian M. M. , Chernetska O. V.
Published: October 2017

У роботі висвітлено основні пріоритети розвитку сучасної медичної освіти. Найбільша увага приділяється якісній підготовці лікарів шляхом використання новітніх інноваційних технологій в освітньому процесі.
АНАЛІЗ РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ПОРІВНЯЛЬНОГО ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ НА ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОМУ ЕТАПІ ПІДГОТОВКИ ЛІКАРІВ
Authors: Linchevskyi O. V. , Bulakh I. Ye. , Mruha M. R.
Published: October 2017

Пріоритетом післядипломної освіти є підготовка фахівців з необхідними професійними знаннями, уміннями та навичками. У статті наведено результати порівняльного дослідження якості медичної освіти в Україні на післядипломному етапі підготовки лікарів. Визначено, що включення субтесту із тестових завдань типу USMLE стимулювало навчальний процес та підготовку до ліцензійного іспиту у вищих навчальних закладах. Проте має місце суттєва різниця між результатами складання субтесту американськими та українськими лікарями-інтернами. Для підвищення вимог до змісту та якості підготовки лікарів-інтернів необхідна реформа інтернатури на всіх її етапах.
ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ У ВІННИЦЬКОМУ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОМУ МЕДИЧНОМУ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІ ІМ. М. І. ПИРОГОВА У СВІТЛІ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ВИЩОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Moroz V. M. , Polesia T. L. , Fomina L. V. , Huminskyi Yu. Y.
Published: October 2017

На сучасному етапі відбувається інтеграція вищої освіти України у Європейський освітній простір. Затверджені Закон України  «Про вищу освіту» та Національна стратегія реформування системи охорони здоров’я в Україні на період 2015–2020 років, що передбачає впровадження сучасних європейських інноваційних технологій у світлі розбудови якості вищої освіти у вищих навчальних закладах, у тому числі й медичних. У Вінницькому національному медичному університеті імені М. І. Пирогова реалізуються сучасні шляхи розбудови забезпечення якості вищої освіти – впроваджено Європейську кредитно-трансферну систему (ЄКТС), опанування навичок роботи з програмою «СКІФ», Навчально-тренінговий центр практичної підготовки лікарів.
ДОСВІД ФОРМУВАННЯ ЛІДЕРСЬКОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ХАРКІВСЬКОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ АКАДЕМІЇ ПІСЛЯДИПЛОМНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Khvysiuk О. M. , Marchenko V. H. , Kolomiichenko Yu. A. , Strashok L. A. , Honcharova O. Yu. , Zherebkin V. V. , Hyria M. P. , Kudriavtseva T. O.
Published: October 2017

У даній статті проведено аналіз наукових праць щодо дослідження лідерської компетентності та професійного рівня викладачів вищих медичних  навчальних закладів і висвітлюється досвід формування лідерських здібностей викладачів Харківської медичної  академії післядипломної освіти. Доведено, що  в умовах інтелектуальної конкуренції безперервне самовдосконалення, педагогічний пошук і використання інноваційних технологій є обов’язковими вимогами, які пред’являються до викладача-лідера. Приведено опис різних підходів із використанням самоконтролю та самооцінки власної діяльності й стимулювання розвитку лідерських якостей особистості викладача.
НАВЧАЛЬНО-МЕТОДИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ У ВИЩИХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ МОЗ УКРАЇНИ: СТАН ТА ПЕРШОЧЕРГОВІ ЗАВДАННЯ
Authors: Melnyk I. V. , Polishchuk M. O.
Published: October 2017

У статті детально висвітлюється стан навчально-методичного забезпечення підготовки студентів у вищих навчальних закладах МОЗ України, дається комплексна оцінка його відповідності вимогам щодо провадження освітньої діяльності у сфері вищої освіти та, згідно даного аналізу, формуються першочергові завдання щодо удосконалення навчально-методичного забезпечення студентів у ВНЗ МОЗ України.
СУЧАСНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ТЕМИ «ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ ГАСТРОІНТЕСТИНАЛЬНІ РОЗЛАДИ У ДІТЕЙ (ВІДПОВІДНО ДО РИМСЬКИХ КРИТЕРІЇВ ІV)» НА VI КУРСІ МЕДИЧНОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТУ
Authors: Volosovets O. P. , Kryvopustov S. P. , Khomenko V. Ye. , Mozyrska O. V.
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – на прикладі викладання теми «Функціональні гастроінтестинальні розлади у дітей (відповідно до Римських критеріїв ІV)» розглянути можливість застосування новітніх технологій у медичній освіті для розвитку клінічного мислення та професійної компетентності майбутніх лікарів, спонукання їх до самостійної роботи, ініціативного пошуку, аналізу досліджень міжнародної групи експертів з позицій доказової медицини та самореалізації.Основна частина. Інтеграція України в міжнародне науково-освітнє співтовариство та реформування системи охорони здоров’я в Україні потребують впровадження в освітньо-інтегративний процес міжнародних медичних та освітніх стандартів, підвищення інтелектуального, науково-освітнього, професійно-орієнтованого рівня майбутніх лікарів, забезпечення їх сучасними інноваційними та інформативними медичними технологіями. Інноваційний навчально-виховний процес повинен базуватися на засадах доказової медицини та бути орієнтованим на самостійну діяльність щодо здобуття знань, із використанням інноваційних технологій викладання, інтерактивних методик, запровадженням у навчальний процес сучасних наукових розробок.Висновки. Реформування медичної освіти в Україні та її модернізація на засадах світових стандартів та відповідно до вимог і потреб системи охорони здоров’я країни (впровадження інноваційних технологій, проблемно-орієнтоване навчання, використання світового досвіду) формує професійну компетентність майбутнього лікаря.
ІНТЕРАКТИВНІ МЕТОДИ НАВЧАННЯ ЯК СПОСІБ РОЗВИТКУ ТВОРЧИХ ЗДІБНОСТЕЙ СТУДЕНТІВ НА ПРАКТИЧНИХ ЗАНЯТТЯХ ІЗ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ ТА МАРКЕТИНГУ У ФАРМАЦІЇ
Authors: Herush О. V. , Sadohurska К. V. , Palamar А. О. , Muzyka N. Ya.
Published: October 2017

Мета роботи – розкриття сутності й особливостей використання інтерактивних методів навчання під час практичних занять із менеджменту та маркетингу у фармації.Основна частина. Якість навчання студентів спеціальності «Фармація» з менеджменту та маркетингу у фармації залежить від їх зацікавленості, творчих здібностей, мотивації, яка стимулює пізнавальну та практичну діяльність учасників заняття. Це досягається використанням рольової гри як форми активного навчання, у процесі якої невід’ємною є рольова структура проведення практичного заняття, тобто розподіл ролей, які демонструють діяльність і поведінку студентів в умовах, близьких до реальних. Застосування інтерактивного методу демонстрації дає можливість студенту відпрацьовувати практичні навики, визначати для себе альтернативні способи вирішення ситуаційних завдань та більш якісно закріпити вивчений матеріал.Висновок. Застосування інтерактивних методів навчання на практичних заняттях із менеджменту та маркетингу у фармації сприяє підвищенню теоретичної та практичної підготовки студентів, навчає ділового спілкування та розкриває особистий потенціал.
Pulmonary Hypertension and Pregnancy Outcomes: Insights From the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Thomas Erin , Yang Jie , Xu Jianjin , Lima Fabio V. , Stergiopoulos Kathleen
Published: October 2017

Background

Pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension (
PH
) are at risk for adverse cardiac outcomes, particularly at the time of labor and delivery. The purpose of this study is to define the impact of
PH
on pregnancy outcomes and the risk of major adverse cardiac events (
MACE
).

Methods and Results

The National Inpatient Sample was screened for hospital admissions of women delivering during the years 2003 to 2012. The primary outcome was
MACE
, a composite of death, cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction, respiratory failure, arrhythmia, stroke, and embolic event. Data on 1519 patients with
PH
and 6 757 582 without heart disease or
PH
were available. There were 59.6% with isolated
PH
; 10.7% with
PH
and congenital heart disease; 18.1% with
PH
and valvular heart disease; 3% with
PH
and valvular heart disease and congenital heart disease; 6.6%
PH
and cardiomyopathy; and 1.9% with
PH
and cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease. Compared with women without heart disease or
PH
, women with
PH
experienced significantly higher
MACE
(24.8 versus 0.4%,
P
<0.0001). Among the subsets of women with
PH
, the highest
MACE
was noted in women with the combination of
PH
and cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease, and
PH
and cardiomyopathy, primarily because of heart failure and arrhythmia. Women with
PH
were significantly more likely to experience eclampsia syndromes, preterm delivery, and intrauterine fetal demise (
P
<0.0001 for all).
PH
subtype was significantly associated with
MACE
in multivariable analysis (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions

In a contemporary data set of pregnant women in the United States,
PH
was associated with an increase in
MACE
during the hospitalization for delivery, with an exceptionally elevated risk among women with associated cardiomyopathy.
Islamist Women as Candidates in Elections: A Comparison of the Party of Justice and Development in Morocco and the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt
Authors: Škrabáková Katarína
Published: October 2017

This paper examines the legislative recruitment of women from conservative Islamist parties. It questions the common assumption that generally all Islamist parties are equally hostile to political participation and representation of women. For this purpose, two of the electorally most successful Islamist groups in the MENA region are compared, namely the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood (MB) and its Moroccan offshoot, the Party of Justice and Development (PJD). The article seeks an explanation for diverging trends in female candidacy between these conservative religious movements, using the traditional supply and demand model of candidate selection. It argues that the less centralized and the more institutionalized parties (as is the case with the PJD) seem to be better equipped to facilitate women’s candidacy than the more oligarchic ones (the MB). In order to fully grasp the reasons behind the diverging trends in the nomination of female candidates from both Islamist parties, cultural factors are scrutinized as well. The article highlights the limits of the supply and demand model of candidate selection, which cannot explain instances of unexpected change in recruitment strategies based on external interference. Furthermore, it does not provide us the means to assess the impact of individual candidates’ ‘feminist credentials’ on overall female representation.
Kokkinakis and the Narratives of Proper and Improper Proselytizing
Authors: Scharffs Brett G.
Published: October 2017

This article explores how the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) distinguishes between proper and improper proselytizing. It points out the importance of the competing factual narratives and how the way the facts are presented can determine how the Court responds to the proselytizing activity.
The status and distribution of Gazella gazella (Artiodactyla: Mammalia), and other mammals of the Hatay province in southern Turkey
Authors: Çoğal Muhsin , Sözen Mustafa
Published: October 2017

Gazella gazellawas discovered recently in a restricted area in the Hatay province, Southern Turkey, which constitutes the northern most point of the distribution of this species in the world. To determine the distribution of the population of mountain gazelles in the Hatay region, 17 camera-traps were set along 45 km, on a line from the south to north along the Syrian border. The traps were in the field for about five months from late May to mid-October in 2016. Field observations and conversations with local people, wildlife officers and researchers were performed to gain more information about the habits and distribution of the gazelles. Two isolated sub-populations were found: The northern one in the Kırıkhan region; about 520 gazelles in an area of about 100 km2, and separated by 18 km to the south, and some 20 gazelles in an area of about 25 km2in the Reyhanlı region. This southern sub-population was first discovered in this research. Fourteen species of mammals were recorded with photo-traps.Hemiechinus auritusis a new record for the Hatay region. The conservation efforts after the discovery of the northern mountain gazelle sub-population, assisted an increasing trend in its size, and resulted in finding the additional sub-population in the Reyhanlı region.
A review of the Mexican species of Alloeorhynchus Fieber (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nabidae: Prostemmatinae) with description of six new species, new distributional records, and key to the species
Authors: BRAILOVSKY HARRY , BARRERA ERNESTO
Published: October 2017

The genus Alloeorhynchus Fieber (Nabidae) from Mexico is revised. Three species A. moritzii, A. nigrofasciatus and A. nigrolobus are recorded for the first time from Mexico. Six new species are described: A. aureus (from Chiapas and Veracuz), A. bellatulus (from Chiapas and Oaxaca), A. convolutus (from Oaxaca and Veracruz), A. epigaeus (from Guerrero, Michoacan and Oaxaca), A. macer (from Colima, Jalisco and Sonora), and A. vergrandis (from Chiapas and Veracruz). New distributional records for A. trimacula (Stein), the only previously known Mexican species, are added. A key to the species recorded from Mexico is included. Notes on the biology of some species are given. Pictures of the dorsal habitus and parameres are provided.
New species and records of Awas Löbl (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from China, with notes on the biology of the genus
Authors: YIN ZI-WEI
Published: October 2017

A new species of the arnylliine ant-loving beetle genus Awas Löbl, A. helii Yin, sp. n., collected with Ectomomyrmex ants in Sichuan, SW China, is described and illustrated. The new taxon externally resembles A. kayan Yin & Li from Hunan, central China, but can be readily separated by the different forms of the pronotum and elytra, and details of the aedeagal structures. New collecting data for Awas loebli Yin & Li in eastern China, as well as some notes on the biology of the genus are provided.
Paternal Incarceration and Children’s Schooling Contexts: Intersecting Inequalities of Educational Opportunity
Authors: Haskins Anna R.
Published: October 2017

Research on the collateral consequences of mass imprisonment has focused on the interactions that families and communities have with the criminal justice system. Less attention is paid to interactions that children of the incarcerated have with another important social institution: schools. This article describes the types of schools that children with incarcerated fathers attend. Using newly available data on children’s early elementary environments from a longitudinal birth-cohort sample of urban families, the analyses show that children of the incarcerated are more often in disadvantaged schools and in schools with climates worse than the schools of same-age peers with no histories of paternal incarceration. I offer a first exploratory step toward understanding the interplay among three of America’s most powerful social institutions—families, schools, and the criminal justice system—and the ways that they interact to structure the educational trajectories of what scholars are calling “children of the prison boom.”
The Theoretical Potential of the Within-Nation Comparison: How Sub-National Analyses Can Enrich Our Understandings of the National Welfare State
Authors: Singh Prerna
Published: October 2017

This article seeks to showcase the previously underexplored theoretical potential of the recent “sub-national turn” in comparative politics. Specifically, I hope to delineate how theories derived to explain variation in an outcome across sub-national units can enrich our repertoire of theories to explain variation in the same and/or related outcomes across national units. I show the potential of this method of theory generation through an analysis of social welfare, a specially apposite outcome for this purpose because it has been studied rigorously at the both the national and sub-national levels of analyses. I argue that sub-national analyses can, on the one hand, help us refine and rethink national-level theories for the same outcomes. They can push us to nuance and extend established national theories and show us how the same variables and mechanisms that have been hypothesized to explain cross-country variations might work differently, even in opposite directions, within countries. On the other hand, sub-national analyses can push us past the established repertoire of national-level explanations to bring to light new (or forgotten) theories. In this way, this article seeks to challenge cross-country analyses as the exclusive domain of theory building in comparative politics.