bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An AgPd NP-based lateral flow immunoassay for simultaneous detection of glycocholic acid and alpha-fetoprotein
Authors: Jiang Shilin , Chen Yaqiong , Liang Jinhui , Xiao Huanxin , Lin Mingxia , Cui Xiping , Zhao Suqing
Published: February 2024

AgPd NPs modified antibody probes was used to establish a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the simultaneous detection of liver disease markers GCA and AFP for the rapid screening and post-disease monitoring of liver diseases.
AI-designed RF pulses enable fast pulsing heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence NMR experiment at high and ultra-high magnetic fields
Authors: Subrahmanian Manu Veliparambil , Veglia Gianluigi
Published: February 2024

An artificial intelligence optimized NMR sequence enables to perform rapid heteronuclear 2D spectroscopy at ultra-high magnetic fields.
Neutral nickel-catalyzed dehydrosulfonylation of unactivated allylic alcohols under mild conditions
Authors: Yang Yahui , Zhu Haibo , Gong Bozhen , Yang Hong , Fan Qiangwen , Le Zhang-Gao , Xie Zongbo
Published: February 2024

An efficient nickel-catalysed dehydrosulfonylation of unactivated allyl alcohols with sulfonyl hydrazides has been successfully developed for the synthesis of various allyl sulfones without additional acidic active agents under mild conditions.
An NIR-emitting cyanine dye with pyridinium groups: the impact of regio-bond connection on the photophysical properties
Authors: Li Yonghao , Tuttle Matthew A. , Liu Qin , Pang Yi
Published: February 2024

Achieving significant bathochromic shift for NIR emission by insertion of a furan ring; maintaining selectivity for neuromast imaging in zebrafish.
Comparison of influence of intercalation and substitution of Cu on electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of InSe alloys
Authors: Cho Hyungyu , Roh Jong Wook , Park Sanghyun , Kang Seung Min , Park Joontae , Kim Sang-il
Published: February 2024

Influence of intercalation and substitutional doping of Cu on electrical and thermoelectric transport properties of layered InSe alloys is compared by synthesizing CuxInSe and In1−yCuySe.
Deciphering the in situ phonon evolution of potassium sodium niobate under varying temperature and electric fields
Authors: Wang L. G. , Wang Y. S. , Zhu C. M. , Qin M. Y. , Wei J. Y. , Jiang Y.
Published: February 2024

Raman spectroscopy technique is applied to probe the phase transition dynamics in (K,Na)NbO3 by analyzing in situ evolution of the phonon modes under varying temperature and electric field.
Effect of atomic substitution and structure on thermal conductivity in monolayers H-MN and T-MN (M = B, Al, Ga)
Authors: Zhang Yulin , Gan Siyu , Li Jialu , Tian Yi , Chen Xihao , Su Gehong , Hu Yu , Wang Ning
Published: February 2024

Finding materials with suitable thermal conductivity (κ) is crucial for improving energy efficiency, reducing carbon emissions, and achieving sustainability.
The emerging chemistry of self-electrified water interfaces
Authors: Galembeck Fernando , Santos Leandra P. , Burgo Thiago A. L. , Galembeck Andre
Published: February 2024

Every real material system on the Earth's surface is a mosaic of electric charges supporting unexpected chemical reactions and electricity.
A human-in-the-loop approach for visual clustering of overlapping materials science data
Authors: Bonakala Satyanarayana , Aupetit Michael , Bensmail Halima , El-Mellouhi Fedwa
Published: February 2024

Our divide and conquer approach to enable the visual split or merge decision for each pair of Gaussian pairs.
Image and data mining in reticular chemistry powered by GPT-4V
Authors: Zheng Zhiling , He Zhiguo , Khattab Omar , Rampal Nakul , Zaharia Matei A. , Borgs Christian , Chayes Jennifer T. , Yaghi Omar M.
Published: February 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence into scientific research opens new avenues with the advent of GPT-4V, a large language model equipped with vision capabilities.
Effects of an electrocoagulation–air flotation–microfiltration pretreatment process on the start-up of a moving bed biofilm reactor: performance and microbial community structure
Authors: Xu Jianping , Du Yishuai , Zhang Jiawei , Wang Hexiang , Su Guogen , Zhou Li , Qiu Tianlong , Sun Jianming
Published: February 2024

A moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is an efficient water treatment process, widely used in recirculating aquaculture systems.
Limonin alleviates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia by regulating the intestinal barrier via the microbiota-related ILC3–IL22–IL22R pathway
Authors: Wu Wangling , Pan Yingying , Zheng Tianyan , Sun Haoyi , Li Xia , Zhu Haiyan , Wang Zheng , Zhou Xin
Published: February 2024

Limonin supplementation can activate the microbiota-associated ILC3–IL22–IL22R pathway to promote pSTAT3 in intestinal epithelial cells, thereby enhancing the impaired intestinal barrier, down-regulating the expression of key lipid transporters, and ultimately improving HFD-induced dyslipidemia.
Mitigation of high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by thyme (Thymus quinquecostatus Celak) polyphenol-rich extract (TPE): insights into gut microbiota modulation and bile acid metabolism
Authors: Sheng Xialu , Zhan Ping , Wang Peng , He Wanying , Tian Honglei
Published: February 2024

Thyme polyphenol-rich extract effectively mitigate HFD- induced NAFLD by modulating the gut-liver axis, specifically targeting the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.
Utilization of newly configured carbazole-cyanopyridone structural hybrids towards achieving high-performance cyan fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: K S Vishrutha , Ulla Hidayath , M Raveendra Kiran , Bhat Badekai Ramachandra , Adhikari Airody Vasudeva
Published: February 2024

The study focuses on the novel D–A–D (donor–acceptor–donor) type cyanopyridone-based materials for cyan organic light-emitting diodes.
Structure and molecular mobility of phosphinine-based covalent organic frameworks – glass transition of amorphous COFs
Authors: Emamverdi Farnaz , Huang Jieyang , Szymoniak Paulina , Bojdys Michael J. , Böhning Martin , Schönhals Andreas
Published: February 2024

Two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) based on phosphinine and thiophene building blocks have been synthesized with two different side groups and investigated by complementary methods.
Thermo-growing ion clusters enabled healing strengthening and tough adhesion for highly reliable skin electronics
Authors: Chen Song , Chen Xinyu , Luo Kaiying , Yang Wenwei , Yan Xueling , Liu Lan
Published: February 2024

A thermo-growing ion cluster-based elastomer was developed to achieve healing strengthening and tough adhesion features.
Understanding the nanoscale adhesion forces between the fungal pathogen Candida albicans and antimicrobial zinc-based layered double hydroxides using single-cell and single-particle force spectroscopy
Authors: Awassa Jazia , Soulé Samantha , Cornu Damien , Ruby Christian , El-Kirat-Chatel Sofiane
Published: February 2024

ZnAl LDH NPs showed remarkable antifungal properties against C. albicans fungal cells. The antifungal activity was linked to the adhesion-specific interactions between ZnAl nanoparticles and C. albicans, which were probed by both SPFS and SCFS.
SiO2@AuAg/PDA hybrid nanospheres with photo-thermally enhanced synergistic antibacterial and catalytic activity
Authors: Ci Dazheng , Wang Ning , Xu Yunqi , Wu Shanshan , Wang Jing , Li Haoran , Xuan Shouhu , Fang Qunling
Published: February 2024

SiO2@AuAg/Polydopamine core/shell nanospheres, which possessed synergistic “Ag+-release–photothermal” antibacterial and catalytic behaviors, have been successfully prepared via a simple in situ redox polymerization method.
A signal “switch-on” photoelectrochemical sensor based on a 3D-FM/BiOI heterostructure for the sensitive detection of l-ascorbic acid
Authors: Guo Huijun , Wang Xin , Wang Shihao , Ma Hanyu , Liu Jianzhi
Published: February 2024

A highly efficient 3D flower MoS2 (3D-FM)-based heterostructure photocatalyst (3D-FM/BiOI) was successfully obtained via a simple hydrothermal synthesis strategy.
A free-radical design featuring an intramolecular migration for a synthetically versatile alkyl–(hetero)arylation of simple olefins
Authors: Babcock Dylan J. , Wolfram Andrew J. , Barney Jaxon L. , Servagno Santino M. , Sharma Ayush , Nacsa Eric D.
Published: February 2024

A free-radical approach featuring an intramolecular aryl migration has significantly expanded the scope for the alkyl–(hetero)arylation of simple olefins. It was also leveraged as the key step in a new synthesis of a recently approved pharmaceutical.
Cobalt-catalysed hydroformylation of epoxides in the presence of phosphine oxides
Authors: Delolo Fábio G. , Kubis Christoph , Zhang Baoxin , Neumann Helfried , dos Santos Eduardo N. , Gusevskaya Elena V. , Beller Matthias
Published: February 2024

Phosphine oxides showed exceeding performance as promoters for the cobalt-catalyzed hydroformylation of epoxides to β-hydroxyaldehydes, which were hydrogenated in situ to 1,3-diols, important intermediates for polyesters and fibres.
Low-coordinated Pd metallene promotes the electrochemical reduction of nitrite to ammonia
Authors: Qu Wenhuan , Wu Tingting , Wang Jingxuan , Liu Xiaoxu , Tian Ye , Chu Ke
Published: February 2024

A low-coordinated Pd metallene is verified to be an efficient catalyst for the NO2RR, which is attributed to the low-coordinated Pd sites to boost NO2− activation and reduce the energy barrier of NO2RR process.
Correction: A highly sensitive triazole-based perfectly water soluble novel bis-Schiff base reversible fluorescent-colorimetric chemosensor for fast detection of Pb2+ ions
Authors: Sharma Vanshika , Savita Sandhya , Patra Goutam Kumar
Published: February 2024

Correction for ‘A highly sensitive triazole-based perfectly water soluble novel bis-Schiff base reversible fluorescent-colorimetric chemosensor for fast detection of Pb2+ ions’ by Vanshika Sharma et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 3289–3303, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA06185J.
In situ SERS imaging of protein-specific glycan oxidation on living cells to quantitatively visualize pathogen–cell interactions
Authors: Wang Yuru , Wu Shan , Yang Yuanjiao , Yang Yuhui , Liu Huipu , Chen Yunlong , Ju Huangxian
Published: February 2024

A SERS imaging strategy is developed to quantitatively visualize the protein-specific glycan oxidation mediated pathogen–cell interactions and pathogen-resistance mechanisms.
Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as an Adjuvant to Aphasia Treatment Following Stroke: Evidence From Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Authors: Raymer Anastasia M. , Johnson Rachel K.
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a neuromodulation tool to amplify neural excitability and enhance outcomes associated with speech-language therapy (SLT). Stimulation currents to the left and right hemispheres vary in applying anodal (excitatory), cathodal (inhibitory), or bihemispheric signals. Several systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have summarized the large literature examining tDCS for aphasia rehabilitation. The purpose of this project was to appraise the quality of SRs and MAs of tDCS for aphasia and examine the weight of the evidence for language outcomes in individuals with aphasia beyond SLT alone.

Method:

We searched four databases for SRs/MAs examining effects of tDCS for poststroke aphasia. We identified 16 reviews, with nine that incorporated MA to quantify results. Two reviewers reliably coded articles for methodological rigor using the AMSTAR 2 (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews, Version 2). We then summarized findings of the 16 reviews.

Results:

The AMSTAR 2 appraisal criteria suggest that critical weaknesses were noted among all reviews except those by Elsner et al. (2015, 2019). Reviews summarized three to 48 studies, as some included only randomized crossover trials and others included all trial designs. All SRs and one MA reported improvements following tDCS stimulation for general aphasia abilities and measures of repetition and speech fluency. Five recent MAs reported significant naming improvements following tDCS using all stimulation arrays. No tDCS effects were noted for comprehension measures.

Conclusions:

As the tDCS literature matured, the conclusions of MAs merged with earlier SRs reporting statistically positive benefits over SLT alone. Most consistent results are reported for naming measures, leaving some to question the clinical significance of tDCS effects for functional measures of aphasia recovery. Although the tDCS literature is expansive, important questions remain before the technique can be confidently recommended for clinical practice.
Hand gesture recognition based on micro‐Doppler radar using graph neural network
Authors: Xiong Zhangjin , Ma Kaixue , Yan Ningning
Published: February 2024

Hand gesture recognition based on micro‐Doppler (MD) radar has garnered considerable attention from researchers as a potential method for human–computer interaction (HCI). However, two significant challenges, that is, obvious differences in MD map size and lots of redundant information contained in the MD maps, are encountered. Here, a multi‐scale graph‐based hand gesture recognition framework is proposed. First, a MD graph representation method is developed, which is adapted to arbitrary‐sized frames and enables to map the key features in a sparse manner. Then, the multi‐scale information from MD graph is fully extracted for hand gesture recognition. Experimental results show that the proposed framework achieves a state‐of‐the‐art accuracy of 96.73% on the four‐class radar hand gesture dataset, while reducing up to 99% of the redundant information in the MD maps. This framework requires only a little amount of memory storage with good hand gesture recognition capability, demonstrating its high potential in the HCI field.
A novel DC‐link voltage synchronous control with enhanced inertial capability for full‐scale power conversion wind turbine generators
Authors: Qin Yao , Wang Han , Zhou Dangsheng , Deng Zhenyan , Zhang Jianwen , Cai Xu
Published: February 2024

The new power system is characterized by high penetration of renewable energy sources and a high proportion of power electronics (namely, double‐high). The grid‐forming control is an effective method to improve the grid‐connected stability of wind turbine generators (WTGs) in the “double‐high” grid. The control method based on the DC‐link voltage can effectively realize the grid‐forming control for WTGs. However, there is a disadvantage that the DC‐link voltage cannot be maintained at the given value. To address this, the grid synchronization mechanism of DC‐link voltage is explored and the specific implementation of a novel DC‐link voltage synchronous control applicable to full‐scale power conversion WTGs is proposed. Then, the boundary of the inertial coefficient is probed through the state‐space method. And a compensation control is proposed to enlarge the inertial response capability based on the mechanism of damping characteristics. Finally, the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation and RTLAB hardware‐in‐loop experiment show that the synchronization frequency can accurately map the grid frequency changes in real‐time under the premise that the DC‐link voltage remains constant. In addition, the inertial coefficient can be increased by more than five times with the compensation strategy, which can enhance the support capability of the WTGs to the power grid.
Airborne microplastics in Bandung and Osaka: Concentration and characteristics
Authors: Hidayat Nur Alina Aprilia , Kitano Kotaro , Tani Yuto , Lestari Puji , Iriana Windy , Fujii Yusuke , Okochi Hiroshi , Niida Yasuhiro
Published: February 2024

Plastic is a material that is widely used in everyday life. It can be degraded into small-sized fragments (< 5 mm) called microplastics (MPs). Research on MPs has primarily focused on the aquatic environment, while studies on airborne MPs (AMPs) are still in their early stages. In this study, AMPs at two locations (Bandung (Indonesia) and Osaka (Japan)) were characterized by attenuated total imaging and micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, as a preliminary study. The concentrations of AMPs in total suspended particulates (TSP) in Bandung and Osaka ranged from 1.03 to 14.27 particles/m3 and from 0.63 to 3.29 particles/m3, respectively. AMPs in both locations were fragmented, with dominant Feret diameters ranging from 1 to 20 μm.
Assessment of NASA POWER reanalysis products as data resources alternative for weather monitoring in West Sumbawa, Indonesia
Authors: Darman Luky Prasetya , Januhariadi  , Yudha Munif Prawira , Aslan
Published: February 2024

The climatic reanalysis datasets represent a crucial form of data that can help to address the shortage of data observations. This study evaluates the accuracy of NASA POWER reanalysis data by comparing it with AMMAN Environmental Department in-situ observations from four weather stations in West Sumbawa, collected from 2013 to 2022. The reanalysis data includes surface daily average temperatures, average wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, and rainfall. The statistical analysis used in this research includes Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) to measure the differences between the observed and predicted values, both of which expressed in the same unit as the variable being measured. The comparison of 10 years of historical data revealed that the temperature parameter had the lowest RMSE and MAE values of 0.003 and 0.18, respectively, while the highest values were 0.46 and 5.11. For humidity, the lowest RMSE and MAE values were 0.001 and 3.6, respectively, and the highest values were 1.3 and 14.2. The RMSE and MAE values for rainfall were 0.02 and 0.9 (lowest) and 2.2 and 5.7 (highest). Regarding wind speed, the lowest RMSE and MAE values were 0.001 and 0.27, while the highest values were 0.07 and 1. Finally, the lowest RMSE and MAE values for wind direction were 0.1 and 6.6, and the highest values were 15.7 and 67.6. The comparison between the predicted and observed values showed a relatively high level of similarity for temperature, rainfall and wind speed parameters. However, parameters such as humidity and wind direction resulted varying degrees of deviation between the weather station data and the NASA POWER reanalysis data. These results highlight both the accuracy and discrepancy in the reanalysis data, emphasizing the importance of considering the limitations of such datasets when addressing the shortage of observational data.
Long-term trends of ozone precursors and ozone sensitivity in Jakarta Metropolitan Area: A view from space
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Sheila Dewi Ayu , Tonokura Kenichi , Gunawan Dodo , Iriana Windy
Published: February 2024

Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) is an urban agglomeration in Indonesia where the air quality has dramatically changed from relatively clean to polluted. Economic growth, increased population, and village-to-city expansion marked the development of Jakarta and the satellite cities surrounding it, such as Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. In line with human activities, large amounts of air pollutants are emitted and affect human health and vegetation. Ozone (O3) is a secondary air pollutant formed from volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). This study aims to investigate the long-term trend of ozone precursors and ozone sensitivity in JMA from space. Trends analysis is studied using quantile regression. We used NO2 and formaldehyde (HCHO) column density from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) aboard Aura Satellite from 2011 to 2022. Ozone sensitivity is derived from the ratio of HCHO and NO2 (FNR). The results show an upward trend in HCHO and a slight NO2 downward over JMA. In general, FNR changed from a predominantly VOC-limited regime in urban JMA to a transitional regime suggesting control of VOC and NOx is needed to reduce ozone concentration. Meanwhile, FNR in suburban and rural areas such as Bogor is toward a more NOx-limited regime.
Retraction Note: Constraining Neutron-Star Matter — Combination of heavy-ion experiments, astronomy and theory
Authors: Le Fèvre Arnaud , Huth Sabrina , Pang Peter T. H. , Tews Ingo , Dietrich Tim , Schwenk Achim , Trautmann Wolfgang , Agarwal Kshitij , Bulla Mattia , Coughlin Michael W. , Van Den Broeck Chris
Published: February 2024

This paper has been formally retracted because it has been accidentally published twice in the same volume. Request approved by the proceedings Editor and the Publisher on January 29, 2024.
Diagnostic device of the sewage pumping station
Authors: Martynyuk Valeriy , Noryk Vitaliy , Kałaczyński Tomasz
Published: February 2024

The diagnostic device of the sewage pumping station for control and accumulation of analog and discrete data of sensors of the sewage pumping station was developed and implemented. The use of such a device allows to achieve a significant increase in the level of user satisfaction, as well as to reduce the costs of diagnostics, maintenance and operation.
Peer-reviewed publications in orthopaedic surgery from lower income countries: A comparative analysis
Authors: Sabharwal Sanjeev , Leung Andrea , Rodarte Patricia , Singh Gurbinder , Bwemelo Joel Johansen , Taylor Annelise S. , Tan Josephine , Trott Richard
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Musculoskeletal (MSK) disease is a substantial global burden, especially in lower income countries. However, limited research has been published on MSK health by scholars from these countries. We aimed to study the distribution of authorships, including trends in peer-reviewed orthopaedic publications based on each author’s affiliated institution’s country income status. Methods: Based on a bibliometric search, 119 orthopaedic-related journals were identified using the Journal Citation Reports database. Details of all scientific articles published in these journals between 2012 and 2021 were used to study trends and association between each of the author’s affiliated institution’s country income status, using the World Bank Classification. Results: Of the 133,718 unique articles, 87.6% had at least one author affiliation from a high-income country (HIC), 7.0% from an upper-middle income country (UMIC), 5.2% from a lower-middle income country (LMIC), and 0.2% from a low-income country (LIC). Overall, these articles were cited 1,825,365 times, with 92.5% of citations from HIC-affiliated authors and < 0.1% from LIC-affiliated authors. Over the 10-year study period, HIC-affiliated articles demonstrated the largest increase in the number of publications (9107–14,619), compared to UMIC-affiliated (495–1214), LMIC-affiliated (406–874), and LIC-affiliated articles (4–28). Conclusions: There are large and persistent disparities in orthopaedic research publications based on the country income status of the author’s affiliated institution, especially in the higher impact orthopaedic journals. Efforts should be made to increase opportunities for scholars from LICs and LMICs to publish their research in high-impact orthopaedic journals.
Aromatherapie bei Infekten
Authors: Hillert Gisela
Published: February 2024

Ätherische Öle aus Pflanzen enthalten antivirale Wirkstoffe, die unter anderem die Viren davon abhalten, in die Wirtszelle einzudringen und auf diese Weise eine Infektion sowie eine Vermehrung des Krankheitserregers verhindern. Daher kommen ätherische Öle bei einer Vielzahl von Viruserkrankungen zum Einsatz, unter anderem bei Herpes simplex, Herpes genitales, bei grippalen Infekten, Covid oder Influenza, aber auch prophylaktisch zur Vorbeugung von Infektionen. Wichtig ist, das geeignete Öl in der passenden Dosierung auszuwählen. Insbesondere bei Menschen mit chronischen Atemwegserkrankungen wie Asthma oder COPD, bei Epileptiker*innen, Schwangeren oder Kindern ist Vorsicht geboten.
Covid, Long Covid und Co. – eine osteopathische Herausforderung
Authors: Wagner Gudrun
Published: February 2024

Die osteopathische Behandlung des Immunsystems, prophylaktisch wie regenerativ nach Infektion, ausgleichend nach Impfreaktionen oder unterstützend bei Long-Covid-Symptomatiken, ist wieder aktuell. Die Funktion des Immunsystems beginnt mit dem Erkennen des Selbst und Nicht-Selbst. Gute Funktion bedeutet zuerst das Erkennen von Selbst und danach das Abgrenzen oder Verteidigen. Die Vielfalt des Immunsystems führt zu verschiedenen praktischen Anwendungen: zuerst das Gesamtbild der Patient*in verstehen und die Strukturen behandeln, dann in den Extrazellulärraum tauchen und „mitreden“ und schließlich das Selbst und das Nicht-Selbst im Anderen verstehen und entdecken und so eine Erweiterung osteopathischer Tools erfahren.

Der osteopathische Ansatz erfasst das Immunsystem der Patient*innen nicht nur in seiner gesamten Funktion, sondern ermöglicht auch die (Wieder-)Herstellung eines funktionalen Gleichgewichts. Die Auswirkungen sind enorm, ist doch die Entität der Patientin bzw. des Patienten in ihrem fluiden Ganz-Sein innerhalb der Grenzen des Selbst, in ihrer Lebendigkeit in der Lage, sich vollkommen neu zu orientieren. So kann im gesamten zellulären Kontinuum und darüber hinaus Gesundheit entfaltbar und eine (neue) Integrität stabilisiert werden.
Utilizing a Second Flap to Address the Effect of Postradiotherapy Soft Tissue Fibrosis in Head and Neck Malignancy
Authors: Biswas Gautam , Mathew Jovin George , Kaur Amrita , Panchal Karnav Bharat
Published: February 2024

Background Late effects of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) on soft tissues can lead to hair loss, pigmentary changes, loss of tissue volume, and fibrosis, which appear months to years after the treatment. These changes are often progressive and are because of tissue hypoxia due to radiation-induced capillary endothelial damage. Tissue hypoxia may be compounded by subclinical infection following minor trauma, exposed hardware, or associated osteoradionecrosis. The combined effect of these factors causes significant deformities in soft tissue, affecting both function and appearance. Such changes are also seen in primarily transferred flaps, which have been radiated, resulting in severe, progressive soft tissue fibrosis, compromising function and aesthetics. In selected cases, a second flap may be needed to restore function and volume.

Methods Data of patients who underwent secondary soft tissue transfers for postradiotherapy-related soft tissue changes were collected from the hospital electronic medical records, from January 2019 to 2023. Details regarding the primary surgery, dose, duration of adjuvant RT, time interval between adjuvant RT and secondary soft tissue transfer, indications, and the choice of the second flap were analyzed.

Results Twenty-one patients had undergone secondary soft tissue transfer for extensive soft tissue fibrosis. In addition, associated compounding features like exposed implant and volume loss were observed. Two patients with osteoradionecrosis also had associated extensive soft tissue fibrosis necessitating replacement. Out of these 21 patients, 13 had undergone free tissue transfers, while 7 locoregional tissue transfers.

Conclusion Late sequelae of adjuvant RT changes usually present from 6 months onwards. The radiated hypoxic tissue, due to capillary damage, leads to a chronic progressive fibrotic stage, causing loss of soft tissue volume and fibrosis. Replacing this tissue with a vascularized flap helps to restore volume and correct these secondary changes, improving overall quality of life.
‘Dead faces laugh’: Medievalist hungers and Irish republican time, 1917-1981
Authors: Petrizzo Francesca
Published: February 2024

The article analyses the temporal entanglements of personal and historical time through hunger-striking protests in Ireland and their commemoration in medieval imagery, reflecting on the role of medievalism and temporality in nation-building by insurgent agents. Between 1917 and 1981, twenty-two Irish republican paramilitary prisoners undertook hunger strikes to the death for recognition of political status and protest against their prison regimes. While some of these deaths went unremarked by the wider public because of state censorship and lack of support, others catalysed worldwide attention, and succeeded in pitching a compelling national and political narrative for their supporters. The article focuses on how the use of medievalism in examining and commemorating these deaths highlights the vivid temporal collapse between the present of the individual and the past of the nation, and the way this can appeal to the protest’s audience, while making a powerful political bid for the legitimacy of the insurgents’ national narrative. The article examines temporal entanglement both as practiced by the audience of the hunger strikes, from poets such as W.B. Yeats and Seamus Heaney to journalists and scholars, and by the republican community itself, whether by hunger strike survivors, their comrades, or their families, bringing together literary, material, and art historical evidence to show its relevance and pervasiveness. By doing so, the article achieves a study of the ways medievalist temporalities interact with political and personal history, in a bid for the ownership and definition of the nation.
Bidirectional relationship between self-rated health and the big five personality traits among Chinese adolescents: a two-wave cross-lagged study
Authors: Cao Xiaojie , Ji Siduo
Published: February 2024

Previous literature has focused mainly on the correlation between self-rated health and the Big Five personality traits. However, less is known about the bidirectional relationship between self-rated health and the Big Five personality traits among adolescents, leading to an insufficient understanding of the directional nature of their relationship. Based on a longitudinal survey database, this study empirically examines the bidirectional relationship between self-rated health and the Big Five personality traits among 7967 adolescents in China. Using a two-wave cross-lagged model, the findings emphasize the role of self-rated health in predicting the Big Five personality traits. Specifically, self-rated health significantly positively predicts subsequent extraversion, agreeableness, openness, and conscientiousness, whereas self-rated health significantly negatively predicts subsequent neuroticism. In addition, neuroticism significantly negatively predicts self-rated health, and openness significantly positively predicts self-rated health. The present study provides substantial evidence for the relationship between self-rated health and the Big Five personality traits in the Chinese context and contributes to a deeper understanding of the interplay between these variables.
Controlling chaotic maps using next-generation reservoir computing
Authors: Kent Robert M. , Barbosa Wendson A. S. , Gauthier Daniel J.
Published: February 2024

In this work, we combine nonlinear system control techniques with next-generation reservoir computing, a best-in-class machine learning approach for predicting the behavior of dynamical systems. We demonstrate the performance of the controller in a series of control tasks for the chaotic Hénon map, including controlling the system between unstable fixed points, stabilizing the system to higher order periodic orbits, and to an arbitrary desired state. We show that our controller succeeds in these tasks, requires only ten data points for training, can control the system to a desired trajectory in a single iteration, and is robust to noise and modeling error.
Sustainable lithium extraction enabled by responsive metal-organic frameworks with ion-sieving adsorption effects
Authors: Wu Xu , Zhang Huacheng , Zhang Xinyu , Guan Qian , Tang Xiaocong , Wu Hao , Feng Mingbao , Wang Huanting , Ou Ranwen
Published: February 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are superior ion adsorbents for selectively capturing toxic ions from water. Nevertheless, they have rarely been reported to have lithium selectivity over divalent cations due to the well-known flexibility of MOF framework and the similar physiochemical properties of Li
+
and Mg
2+
. Herein, we report an ion-sieving adsorption approach to design sunlight-regenerable lithium adsorbents by subnanoporous MOFs for efficient lithium extraction. By integrating the ion-sieving agent of MOFs with light-responsive adsorption sites of polyspiropyran (PSP), the ion-sieving adsorption behaviors of PSP-MOFs with 6.0, 8.5, and 10.0 Å windows are inversely proportional to their pore size. The synthesized PSP-UiO-66 with a narrowest window size of 6.0 Å shows high LiCl adsorption capacity up to 10.17 mmol g
−1
and good Li
+
/Mg
2+
selectivity of 5.8 to 29 in synthetic brines with Mg/Li ratio of 1 to 0.1. It could be quickly regenerated by sunlight irradiation in 6 min with excellent cycling performance of 99% after five cycles. This work sheds light on designing selective adsorbents using responsive subnanoporous materials for environmentally friendly and energy-efficient ion separation and purification.
Genetic disruption of the bacterialraiAmotif noncoding RNA causes defects in sporulation and aggregation
Authors: Soares Lucas W. , King Christopher G. , Fernando Chrishan M. , Roth Adam , Breaker Ronald R.
Published: February 2024

Several structured noncoding RNAs in bacteria are essential contributors to fundamental cellular processes. Thus, discoveries of additional ncRNA classes provide opportunities to uncover and explore biochemical mechanisms relevant to other major and potentially ancient processes. A candidate structured ncRNA named the “raiAmotif” has been found via bioinformatic analyses in over 2,500 bacterial species. The gene coding for the RNA typically resides between theraiAandcomFCgenes of many species of Bacillota and Actinomycetota. Structural probing of theraiAmotif RNA from the Gram-positive anaerobeClostridium acetobutylicumconfirms key features of its sophisticated secondary structure model. Expression analysis ofraiAmotif RNA reveals that the RNA is constitutively produced but reaches peak abundance during the transition from exponential growth to stationary phase. TheraiAmotif RNA becomes the fourth most abundant RNA inC. acetobutylicum, excluding ribosomal RNAs and transfer RNAs. Genetic disruption of theraiAmotif RNA causes cells to exhibit substantially decreased spore formation and diminished ability to aggregate. Restoration of normal cellular function in this knock-out strain is achieved by expression of araiAmotif gene from a plasmid. These results demonstrate thatraiAmotif RNAs normally participate in major cell differentiation processes by operating as a trans-acting factor.
The impact of adjunct instruction on EFL academic writing at university
Authors: Roquet Pugès Helena , Navarro Gil Noelia , Nicolás-Conesa Florentina
Published: February 2024

Adjunct instruction (AI), a form of content-based instruction, can provide students with opportunities to learn disciplinary discourse in context. Few studies have explored the extent to which AI affects students’ written production over time. This study aims to analyze the impact of a 60-hour AI course in English on writing complexity, accuracy, fluency (CAF) and on holistic measures in two groups with different exposure to English. The participants were 51 first-year Dentistry students from two strands, English-Medium of Instruction (EMI) (n = 21) and first language (L1 Catalan/Spanish) (n = 30). After 60 hours of AI, the EMI+AI group improved lexical diversity, while the L1+AI group improved accuracy and some holistic measures. Correlations between CAF and holistic measures indicate defining features of second language writing in each strand. The benefits of adjunct instruction for writing development are discussed in the light of the two settings explored.
Characterization and comparability study of a series of miniaturized neon plasma jets
Authors: Jablonowski Helena , Hoffmann Ulfilas , Bansemer Robert , Bekeschus Sander , Gerling Torsten , von Woedtke Thomas
Published: February 2024

During the development of new therapeutic devices, comprehensive experimental investigations are necessary in all phases of the process. This requires the provision of device prototypes with reproducible and comparable operating parameters. In the current study, such miniature neon plasma jet prototypes designated for medical applications have been manufactured, characterized, and compared. The multi-parametric characterization included measurements of energy, power, temperature, leakage current, effluent length, and relative as well as absolute radiation. The dissipated electrical power and the optical emission in the UV range were identified as parameters indicating definable tolerances to sort out a device with inadequate species output. A liquid phase model was used to investigate reactive species deposition into simple matrices. Based on these investigations, a quality control procedure for manufacturing new device series is proposed. In conclusion, our findings suggest a test concept of achieving reproducible and comparable plasma device characterization as a putative quality control measure for lab-scale plasma source production.
Magnetic tunability in tetragonal Mn–Rh–Ir–Sn inverse Heusler compounds
Authors: Mozur Eve M , Seshadri Ram
Published: February 2024

Gaining control over magnetic structure has been an ongoing challenge in materials that form complex, nanoscale, and non-collinear magnetic configurations. Recently, it was predicted that tuning the ratio of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction to the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in tetragonal inverse Heuslers through changes in composition could allow a range of interesting magnetic states to be accessed, from simple ferrimagnetism, to helical and antiskyrmionic phases. Here, we show tunability of the magnetic phase behavior in the Mn–Rh–Sn system through Ir substitution on the Rh substructure. Iridium substitution correlates to an increase in the strength of ferromagnetic exchange couplings, at the expense of antiferromagnetic exchange couplings. However, we do not observe the complex non-collinear magnetic phases proposed previously, likely due to the extremely narrow composition window where these phases are predicted to form in a bulk sample. This work highlights the sensitivity of complex magnetic structures to stoichiometry, which makes them difficult to discover empirically.
Dimensionality effects on trap-assisted recombination: the Sommerfeld parameter
Authors: Turiansky Mark E , Alkauskas Audrius , Van de Walle Chris G
Published: February 2024

In the context of condensed matter physics, the Sommerfeld parameter describes the enhancement or suppression of free-carrier charge density in the vicinity of a charged center. The Sommerfeld parameter is known for three-dimensional systems and is integral to the description of trap-assisted recombination in solids. Here we derive the Sommerfeld parameter in one and two dimensions and compare with the results in three dimensions. We provide an approximate analytical expression for the Sommerfeld parameter in two dimensions. Our results indicate that the effect of the Sommerfeld parameter is to suppress trap-assisted recombination in decreased dimensionality.
Structural and physical properties of Ni 1−x
V
x
alloys around and away from quantum critical point
Authors: Brar Jaskirat , Pathak Swati , Khalid S , Rawat R , Singh R S , Bindu R
Published: February 2024

We investigate the room temperature structure (global and local), temperature dependent magnetic and transport behaviour of Ni

1
−
x

V
x
(

0
⩽
x
⩽
0.13

) alloys. Our Energy Dispersive Analysis of x-rays results show that the prepared compositions are stoichiometric. With increase in V doping, the compounds exhibit a quantum phase transition around x

c
= 0.12, where the ferromagnetic phase is suppressed. Our results show that all the compounds stabilize in face centred cubic structure at RT and the lattice parameter shows unusual behaviour close to x

c
. The magnetic and heat capacity studies show signature of Griffiths phase on either side of x

c
. From 25 K to the lowest collected temperature, we observe a linear T dependence of resistivity at x = 0.1 and around x

c
, which is separated by a Fermi-liquid region around x = 0.106. This suggests that the origin of the transport behaviour is different around the quantum critical point and away from it. Our Ni K-edge x-ray Absorption Spectroscopy results show that there is a significant reduction in the first coordination number around Ni central atom on doping. Further, with doping, there is distortion in the first coordination shell around Ni. This suggests, with V doping, the local structure around Ni is different from the global structure as obtained from the x-ray Diffraction results. Interestingly, with doping, we observe a direct connection between the extent of distortion at RT and the magnetic disorder obtained at 2 K. We believe our results will motivate the scientific community to further study the interplay between the structural disorder and quantum fluctuations with temperature at the local level.
High-frequency visualization of flexible structures using an event-triggered camera: multiple flapping membranes
Authors: Lyu Zhen , Cai Weiwei , Liu Yingzheng
Published: February 2024

Optical measurements of fluid–structure interaction (FSI) usually require high-speed imaging techniques. Traditional high-speed cameras are expensive and cannot record data continuously for long periods. An inexpensive and high-frequency measurement method that utilizes an event-triggered camera and a strobe laser is proposed in this paper. In this method, the k-means clustering technique was first employed to determine the precise time window in which to reconstruct frames from event data. Then, a Kalman filtering algorithm was used to extract the dynamic deformation process of the flexible structures from the noisy event data. Wind tunnel flutter tests were conducted using various sets of parallel membranes to examine the proposed method. Under the illumination of a 30 mW strobe laser, membrane flapping was recorded at a resolution of 1280 × 720 pixels with a frame rate of 10 000 fps. With no camera memory storage limitations, the proposed method could continuously record the membrane flapping, thereby making it easy to capture the intermittent flutter phenomenon at the flutter boundary. Two flapping modes, i.e. symmetric mode and in-phase mode, were observed in the flutter of two membranes. Similar symmetric mode and out-of-phase mode were also observed in the flutter of three membranes. Membranes collisions and mode transitions were found in a certain wind speed range. For the first time, the collision processes between membranes were recorded during the flutter of multiple membranes. These collisions were found to be associated with the transitions between different flapping modes.
Transformer enhanced by local perception self-attention for dynamic soft sensor modeling of industrial processes
Authors: Fang Zeyu , Gao Shiwei , Dang Xiaochao , Dong Xiaohui , Wang Qiong
Published: February 2024

The use of dynamic soft sensor modeling methods to mine the time-varying and dynamic characteristics of industrial process data is of great significance for improving production efficiency and quality, given the rapid development of industrial processes and the increasing prominence of dynamic changes in the production process. However, existing dynamic soft sensor methods have limited long-term memory capacity, making it difficult to capture the long dynamic dependence, which can severely affect the results of the soft sensor model. To address this issue, we propose a dynamic soft sensor model based on local perception transformer, where the transformer is applied to achieve global perception of the variables. Through the application of the self-attention mechanism in the transformer encoder, the dynamic tracking and prediction of parameters can be realized by assigning different weights to the process variables and quality variables at different time steps, thereby adapting to the time-varying nature of the process. Additionally, convolution is used to generate a Query and Key in the self-attention mechanism, thereby enhancing local information learning. The proposed dot product self-attention calculation method effectively utilizes local information, thereby reducing the potential impact of abnormal data at a certain moment. Furthermore, by utilizing LSTM to extract time series information, the final prediction result was obtained. In soft sensor modeling experiments of the sulfur recovery unit and debutanizer tower, our proposed model demonstrated higher prediction accuracy compared to other methods, such as SVR, MLP, LSTM, CNN + LSTM, and vanilla transformer.
High-resolution multi-mode electron and ion imaging spectrometer at SXFEL
Authors: Guo Yuliang , Hua Xiaohong , Jiang Wenbin , Zhang Mingjie , Wang Xincheng , Jiang Yuhai
Published: February 2024

A new multi-mode electron and ion (MEI) imaging spectrometer with two arms of VMI and COLTRIMS/VMI (velocity map imaging/cold-target recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy) is designed to combine various photoelectron and ion detection modes for experiments at Shanghai soft x-ray free-electron laser (SXFEL) facility. The experiments can be optionally operated either with both ion and electron detection in a coincidence/covariance manner (VMI arm and COLTRIMS/VMI arm), or only photoelectron/photoion is detected with the high-resolution VMI arm. The simulated resolutions for 30–150 eV photoelectrons and 3.3 eV–18.0 eV N+ and N2+ photoions are up to 1.0% and 3.1%–1.0% according to our simulation, respectively. MEI spectrometer is expected to improve the experimental abilities significantly considering the low-repetition rate of the SXFEL and to enable the investigation of a diverse range of atomic and molecular phenomena triggered by soft x-ray free electron laser irradiation.
Does the Larkin length exist?
Authors: Rodney David , Geslin Pierre-Antoine , Patinet Sylvain , Démery Vincent , Rosso Alberto
Published: February 2024

The yield stress of random solid solutions is a classic theme in physical metallurgy that currently attracts a renewed interest in connection to high entropy alloys. Here, we revisit this subject using a minimal dislocation dynamics model, where a dislocation is represented as an elastic line with a constant line tension embedded in the stochastic stress field of the solutes. Our exploration of size effects reveals that the so-called Larkin length (Lc
) is not a length scale over which a dislocation can be geometrically decomposed. Instead, Lc
is a crossover length scale marking a transition in dislocation behavior identifiable in at least three properties: (1) below Lc
, the dislocation is close to straight, aligned in a single energy valley, while above Lc
, it roughens and traverses several valleys; (2) the yield stress exhibits pronounced size-dependence below Lc
but becomes size-independent above Lc
; (3) the power-spectral density of the dislocation shape changes scaling at a critical wavelength directly proportional to Lc
. We show that for white and correlated stress noises, Lc
and the thermodynamic limit of the yield stress can be predicted using Larkin’s model, where the noise dependence in the glide direction is neglected. Moreover, we show that our analysis is relevant beyond the minimal line tension model by comparison with atomic-scale simulations. Finally, our work suggests a practical approach for predicting yield stresses in atomistic models of random solid solutions, which only involves small-scale atomistic simulations below Lc
.