bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Şampiyonluk ve Yenilgi Arasında Bir Kimlik: Wushu’da Üretilen Erkeklik Formları
Authors: Kavasoğlu İrem , Yıkılmaz Aydın
Published: January 2019

Toplumsal cinsiyet
ilişkileri, kadınlık ve erkekliğe dair kültürel normlar üretir. Bu normlar
genellikle kadınları ikincil konuma taşısa da, erkekler arasında da farklı
ezilme ve dışlama pratiklerini bünyesinde barındırır. Hegemonik erkeklik
değerleri ideal bir erkeklik oluşturma yolunda ilerlerken aynı zamanda yeni
karşıtlıklar oluşturur. Egemen değerlere uyan ve bunların dışında kalan
erkeklikler arasında oluşan bu asimetriyi ya da farklı erkeklikler arasındaki
iktidar örüntülerini incelemek, toplumsal cinsiyet rejimini çözümlemede faydalı
bir analiz sunar. Bu çalışmada, kültürel olarak erkeklikle ilişkilendirilen bir
spor dalı olan wushuda, erkeklik kimliğinin nasıl kurulduğu, hangi erkeklikleri
onaylayıp hangilerini dışladığını incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma
yöntemlerinden fenomenoloji deseninin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, 7 erkek wushu
sporcusu (48, 52, 56, 60, 70, 75, 80 kg)
ile bireysel görüşmeler (yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu) yapılmış, veriler
içerik analizi tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre,
ideal bir erkek wushu sporcusu sert olmalı, ringte ağlamamalı, düşük siklet
olmamalı ve kadınsı niteliklerden uzak durmalıdır. Bu bağlamda bu değerlerin
dışındaki sporcular, özellikle düşük siklet (48, 52, 56, 60 kg) ve şampiyon olamayan sporcular
marjinalleştirilmektedir. Ayrıca alanın erkek egemen yapısı, hem öteki
erkekler üzerinde hem de kadın sporcular üzerinde tahakküm kurmaktadır. Sonuç
olarak wushu, toplumsal cinsiyetlendirilmiş bir alan olarak hem hegemonik
erkeklik değerlerine uymayan erkeklerin hem de kadın sporcuların dışlanmasına
yol açmaktadır.
Çizgi Filmlerdeki Spor Unsurlarının İncelenmesi: Niloya ve Kuzucuk Örnekleri
Authors: Yılmaz Aynur , Çelik Akın
Published: January 2019

Bireylerin sağlıklı
bir hayat sürdürmesi için hareket etmeye ihtiyacı vardır. Özellikle günümüz
bilgi çağında teknolojik araç gereçler bireyleri hareketsiz bir yaşam sürmeye
maruz bırakmaktadır. İnsanın en temel ihtiyacı olan hareketin önemi, daha küçük
yaşlarda çocuklara verilmelidir. Bu alışkanlığın kazandırılmasında çocukların
bütüncül gelişiminde önemli role sahip olan, 
etkili ve kalıcı öğrenmeyi sağlayan çizgi filmler önemli bir yere
sahiptir. Bu çalışmada; okulöncesi kategorisinde yer alan TRT Çocuk kanalında
yayınlanan Niloya ve Kuzucuk çizgi filminin spor unsurları açısından
incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla incelenen çizgi filminde içerisinde spor
ile ilgili olan bölümler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Verilerin
analizinde hem görsel hem de sözel unsurlar dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırma
sonucunda her iki çizgi filmde çeşitli spor branşlarına, spor branşları ile
ilgili kavram ve terimlere, spora özgü materyallere yer verildiği saptanmıştır.
Ayrıca spor yarışlarında sportmence mücadele etmenin gerekliliği verilen
mesajlar arasında yer almaktadır. Okulöncesi dönem birçok becerinin
kazandırılması açısından önemli olduğu için sporla ilgili beceri ve
kazanımların çizgi filmlerde daha sıklıkla yer verilmesi önemli olduğu
düşünülmektedir.
Gaziantep Yöresi Halk Oyunları Çalışmalarının Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Vücut Kompozisyonu ve Fiziksel Uygunlukları Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Korkmaz Burak , Yoncalık Oğuzhan , Güçlüöver Aziz
Published: January 2019

Bu araştırma Kırıkkale
Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin Gaziantep Yöresi Halk Oyunları çalışmaları sonrası
vücut kompozisyonları ve fiziksel uygunluklarındaki değişimi belirlemek
amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma, 2015–2016 eğitim öğretim yılı bahar döneminde
Kırıkkale Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören 60 öğrenci ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Denekler 2 gruba ayrılmıştır ve gönüllülük esasına göre bir gruba temel halk
oyunları öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri kullanılarak 12 hafta boyunca halk
oyunları antrenman programı yürütülmüştür. Deneklere halk oyunları
çalışmalarından önce ve sonra olmak üzere iki ölçüm uygulanmıştır. Bu
ölçümlerde deneklerin; boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, vücut yağ oranları, kuvvet
ölçümleri, sürat ölçümleri, çeviklik ölçümleri, esneklik ölçümleri ve bazı
vücut çevre uzunluk değerleri ölçülmüştür. Bu çalışmada tanımlayıcı
istatistiklerinin analizinde SPSS 16.0 for Windows paket programı
kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen değerler arasındaki anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05
olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan deney grubu (n=30) öğrencilerinin
yaş ortalaması 20.43±1.1 yıl, kontrol grubu (n=30) öğrencilerinin yaş
ortalaması 20.87±1.0 yıl olarak bulunmuştur. Deney grubu öğrencilerinin boy
ortalaması 171.67±9.5 cm, kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin boy ortalaması
172.07±8.6 cm, deney grubu öğrencilerinin ortalama ağırlığı 63.973±10.5 kg
olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak 12 hafta süreyle 36 oturumda, her bir
çalışmada 90 dakika süreyle yapılan Gaziantep Yöresi halk oyunlarını oynayan
öğrencilerin, vücut yağ oranında ve vücut ağırlığı değerlerinde düşüş,
esneklik, çeviklik, sürat ve kuvvet parametrelerinde artış ortaya çıktığı
tespit edilmiştir. Bu değişiklikler 0.01 ve 0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde
istatistiksel olarak ifade edilmiştir. Beslenme ve diyet programları
uygulanarak halk oyunları çalışmaları yapılıp, beslenmenin etkileri
incelenebilir. Vücut yağ oranı önemli olan branşlarda, bu çalışma yardımcı
antrenman olarak uygulanabilir.
Futbol Hakemlerinin Farklı Egzersiz Şiddetlerinde Sezinleme Zamanı, Kan Laktat Düzeyi ve Karar Verme Becerilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Aslan Kurtuluş , Saygın Özcan , Ceylan Halil İbrahim
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışma, futbol
hakemlerinin farklı egzersiz şiddetlerinde sezinleme zamanı, kan laktat düzeyi
ve karar verme becerilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.  Çalışmaya Muğla ilinde hakemlik yapan,
herhangi bir sağlık problemi ve sportif yaralanması olmayan 12 erkek futbol
hakemi (yardımcı hakem: 6, hakem: 6) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan
hakemlere, farklı günlerde bisiklet ergometresinde düşük şiddetli (%40)
egzersiz, orta şiddetli (%60) egzersiz, yüksek şiddetli (%90) egzersiz
protokolü uygulanmıştır. Hakemlerin her bir egzersiz şiddeti için belirlenen
hedef kalp atım sayısında sezinleme zamanı ve maç içerisinde çok sık rastlanan
pozisyonlarla ilgili karar verme becerileri egzersiz sırasında ölçülmüştür.
Ayrıca hakemlerin her bir egzersiz öncesi ve egzersiz sonrasında (1., 4. ve 8.
dk) kan laktat düzeyi incelenmiştir. İstatiksel analiz sonucunda; düşük, orta
ve yüksek egzersiz şiddeti sırasında ölçülen mutlak hata skorları (6mph ve
12mph) karşılaştırıldığında, istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır
(p>0.05). Düşük, orta ve yüksek şiddetteki egzersizler sırasında ölçülen
karar verme becerilerinin karşılaştırılmasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark
bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Her üç egzersiz şiddetinde de (düşük, orta, yüksek)
egzersizden önce, egzersizden sonra 1. dakika, 4. dakika ve 8. dakikada ölçülen
kan laktat düzeyinin karşılaştırılmasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark
görülmüştür (p<0.05).  Düşük
şiddetteki egzersizden sonra 8. dakikada ölçülen kan laktat düzeyi ile karar
verme toplam skoru arasında istatiksel olarak negatif yönde ilişki bulunmuştur
(r=.-577, p<0.05). Yüksek egzersiz şiddeti sırasında ölçülen mutlak hata
skoru (6mph) ile egzersizden sonra 4. dakika (r=.662, p<0.05) ve 8. dakikada
(r=.741, p<0.05) ölçülen kan laktat düzeyi değerleri arasında anlamlı ilişki
bulunmuştur. Hakemlerin antrenman programlarının planlanmasında fiziksel ve
fizyolojik özelliklerinin yanı sıra bilişsel fonksiyonlarının da yorgunluğa
olan toleransını geliştirici egzersizlerin programa dahil edilmesinin önemli
olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Türkiye Futbol 2.Liginde Oynanan Müsabakaların Ev Sahibi Olma Avantajı Değişkeni Açısından Analizi
Authors: Gürkan Oğuz , Göral Kemal , Saygın Özcan
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışma, Türkiye
Futbol 2.Liginde, ev sahibi olma avantajı değişkeninin analiz edilerek
incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada, ev sahibi ve deplasman
takımlarının galibiyet sayıları ile ev sahibi olma değişkeni açısından üst lige
çıkma ve alt lige düşme durumları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, SPSS
programında kaydedilerek frekans ve yüzde değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Türkiye
Futbol 2.Liginin beş sezonunda oynanan toplam 2945 müsabakada, ev sahibi
takımların 1290 galibiyet (%43.8) ve 795 mağlubiyet (%27.0) aldıkları
belirlenmiştir. 860 maç ise beraberlikle (%29.2) sonuçlanmıştır. İncelenen
sezonlarda TFF 2.Liginde yer alan takımlardan Sarıyer’in %65.36 ile en yüksek,
Pendikspor’un ise %54.54 ile en düşük ev sahibi olma avantajına sahip takımlar oldukları,
bir üst lige çıkan takımların ev sahibi olma avantajı ortalamalarının %57.81,
küme düşen takımlarda ise bu oranın %63.85 olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak,
sahaya aşina olma, seyirci etkisi ve yorucu deplasman yolculuklarının olmaması
gibi faktörlerden hareketle iç sahada takımların daha başarılı oldukları ve ev
sahibi olma avantajını iyi düzeyde kullanabilmenin futbol takımlarının
başarısına etki eden önemli faktörlerden biri olduğu söylenebilir.
Foam Roller Kullanılarak Gerçekleştirilen Kendi Kendine Miyofasiyal Gevşetme Egzersizlerinin Esneklik ve Alt Ekstremite Gücü Üzerine Akut Etkisi
Authors: Ateş Bahar , Yitik Ramazan
Published: January 2019

Bu çalışmanın
amacı, titreşimli foam roller kullanılarak kendi kendine uygulanan miyofasiyal
gevşetme uygulamalarının alt ekstremite gücü ve esneklik performansı üzerine
akut etkisini incelemektedir. Çalışmaya, fiziksel olarak aktif 12 gönüllü
sağlıklı genç erkek futbolcu (ortalama yaş: 20.6±0.4 yıl) katıldı. Çapraz
randomize olarak tasarlanan çalışmada, sporcular, 5 gün ara ile üç farklı
egzersize katıldı ve her bir deneme günün aynı saatinde gerçekleştirildi. İlk
çalışma gününde alıştırma egzersizleri ve antropometrik ölçümler uygulandı.
İkinci çalışma gününde, sporcular aerobik koşu ve dinamik gerdirme (AR+DG)
egzersizleri uyguladıktan sonra performans testlerini (sıçrama ve esneklik)
uyguladı. Son çalışma gününde sporcular aerobik koşu ve kendi kendine miyofasial
gevşetme (AR+KKMG) egzersizlerinden sonra aynı testleri tekrar uyguladı. Alt
ekstremite kaslarının kalça, sırt ve arka esnekliğini saptamak için Otur-Eriş
Testi ve alt ekstremite gücü aktif sıçrama (AS) ve skuat sıçrama (SS) ile
Smartjump (Fusionsport) kullanılarak ölçüldü. Performans farklılıklarını
belirlemek için Wilcoxon Signed-Rank testi kullanıldı. AR+DG ve AR+KKMG ısınma
protokolleri arasında sadece AS performansında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
fark gözlemlenmedi (z= -2.67, p< 0.05). AS performansı AR+DG uygulamasında
daha yüksek tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak alt ekstremiteye uygulanan 30 sn’lik
KKMG egzersizlerinin dikey sıçrama ve esneklik performansı üzerine bir etkisi
olmadığı, daha uzun yuvarlanma süreleri ve farklı performans parametrelerinin
de test edilmesi önerilmektedir.
6-7 Yaş İlkokul Dönemi Çocuklarının Spora İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Sarıkabak Murat , Recep Ali Asker , Ayrancı Mert
Published: January 2019

Bireylerin erken yaşlarda
spor ile tanışması, gelecek yaşamlarında spora ilişkin tutum ve davranışlarının
önemli bir belirleyicisidir. İlköğretim dönemi ise çocukların gelişimlerinin
desteklenmesi ve bazı alışkanlıkların kazanılmasında önemli bir zaman dilimidir.
Yapılan araştırma da 6-7 yaş ilkokul çocuklarının spora ilişkin görüşlerini
belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Örneklem grubunu, Bartın ve İstanbul illerinde
ilköğretim düzeyinde eğitim gören toplam 52 çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Nitel olarak
yapılan çalışmada verilerin toplanmasında yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu
kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar ile gerçekleştirilen görüşmeler, katılımcıların
kendilerini rahat ifade edebilecekleri ortamlar da uygulanmıştır. Veriler
üzerinde içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak; çocukların spor ve sporcu
terimlerini tam olarak kavrayamadığı, sporun kimler tarafından nasıl ve nerede
yapıldığına ilişkin sınırlı sayıda görüşe sahip oldukları, futbol, voleybol,
atletizm ve basketbol gibi spor dallarını bildikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar
literatür bilgileri ışığında tartışılmış ve çocukların spora ilişkin bilgi ve
aktivitelerinin arttırılması önerilmiştir.
Kritik atas Penafsiran Ayat-ayat Khilâfah
Authors: Lufaefi Lufaefi
Published: January 2019

The Qur'an is a revelation that explains all matters. Included is the issue of leadership (khilâfah). Regardless of what kind of khilâfah in the Qur'an, there is no doubt that khilâfah is in the spotlight of the divine kalam. Because any matter must be alluded to in the Qur'an. However, what if the interpretation of the verse is diverted to something that does not mean the verse itself? Through the approach of content and context analysis, in al-Wa'ie tafseer found many verses of the Qur'an are interpreted by jumping conclusion, such as QS. al-Baqarah [2]: 30, al-Mâ’idah [5]: 49 and QS. an-Nisâ’ [4]: 59. These verses clearly do not discuss khilâfah, but Rokhmat S. Labib's interpretation comes to the conclusion of obliging to establish the institution of the Islamic State (khilâfah islâmiyyah). Such an interpretation is far from what the verse wants to say, even worthy of politicizing the verses of the Qur'an.
X-men: humans with an unusual interaction between receptor systems who construct a world of new images within themselves (on the 140th anniversary of the birth of Academician P P Lazarev)
Authors: Ivanitskii G R
Published: January 2019

Academician Petr Lazarev’s scientific and organizational activities are briefly described. He predicted, first, the law of interaction between various sets of receptors that occurs in solving problems by humans and, second, the existence of a special type of their special interaction in which two or more receptor channels are either synchronized or combined into a single channel. The second option is referred to as synesthesia. Half a century later, the interest in studies of this phenomenon became widespread.
The Effects of Mentha × piperita Essential Oil on C. albicans Growth, Transition, Biofilm Formation, and the Expression of Secreted Aspartyl Proteinases Genes
Authors: Benzaid Chahrazed , Belmadani Amine , Djeribi Ryad , Rouabhia Mahmoud
Published: January 2019

The rise in resistance and changes in the spectrum of Candida infections have generated enormous interest in developing new antifungal drugs using natural molecules such as plant essential oils (EOs). Antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms has been reported for EOs. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of Mentha × piperita essential oil (EO) on C. albicans growth, transition (change from blastospore to hyphae forms), and biofilm formation as well as on the expression of certain virulent genes. We show that whole EO and its vapor attenuated the yeast’s growth, compared to that in the control. The effect of the EO was comparable to that of amphotericin-B (AmB). The EO and its vapor significantly decreased the morphological changes of C. albicans, reduced biofilm formation, and disrupted mature C. albicans biofilms. The effect produced by whole EO on biofilm formation/disruption was notably comparable to that observed with AmB. Exposure of C. albicans to EO and its vapor downregulated the expression of various genes, such as secreted aspartyl proteinases (SAP 1, 2, 3, 9, 10) and hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1). Altogether, these results provide new insight into the efficacy of Mentha × piperita EO against C. albicans and suggest the potential of Mentha × piperita EO for use as an antifungal therapy in multiple applications.
Verification Study of Nanostructure Evolution with Heating Treatment between Thin and Thick Fullerene-Like Hydrogen Carbon Films
Authors: Wang Zhaolong , Gao Kaixiong , Zhang Bin , Gong Zhenbin , Wei Xiaoli , Zhang Junyan
Published: January 2019

Fullerene-like hydrogen carbon films with a thin film grown on a NaCl substrate are usually employed to show the nanostructure of films (usually of hundred nanometers thick grown on Si substrates) under high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) tests because it is easier floated off, where dependability and reasonability has never been seriously contested. Thus, in this paper, thin and thick hydrogen carbon films have been deposited on NaCl (thin films) and Si (thick films) substrates and annealed under room temperature to 500 °C, of which nanostructures have been investigated by HRTEM, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, to verify the dependability and reasonability of the NaCl method. The results showed heating induced graphitization but with hydrogen content nearly unchanged. HRTEM results revealed that under annealing of 200, 250, and 300 °C, the curved graphene structures gradually increase in films. However, beyond 400 °C, onions structures are present. However, both Raman and XPS spectra show us that after annealed treatment, for original films, both thin and thick films have the near sp2 bonding content and size, but with the annealing temperature increase, sp2 bonding content increases more quickly for thick FL-C:H films due to the higher internal stress compared to thin films. In one word, the NaCl method used for nanostructure detection for films might be a good choice for an easier and quicker analysis, but it is still insufficient, because the heating effect induced by plasma cannot be ignored.
Meeting National Emissions Reduction Obligations: A Case Study of Australia
Authors: Maraseni Tek , Reardon-Smith Kathryn
Published: January 2019

Akin to a public good, emissions reduction suffers from the ‘free rider’ syndrome. Although many countries claim that they are meeting their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction commitments, the average global temperature and GHG emissions continue to rise. This has led to growing speculation that some countries may be taking advantage of the system by effectively exploiting a range of loopholes in global agreements. Using a case study approach, we critically review the evidence from Australia, exploring how Australia has participated in global climate change negotiations and the way in which this emissions intensive country’s national emissions reduction obligations have been met. The findings suggest that: (1) successful negotiation to include Article 3.7 (‘Adjusting the 1990 Baseline’ or ‘the Australia Clause’) in the Kyoto Protocol significantly favored Australia’s ability to meet its First Kyoto Commitment (2008–2012); and (2) successful bargaining for the accounting rule that allowed carbon credits from the first commitment period to be carried over to the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol benefitted Australia by 128 MtCO2e. At the national level, a lack of bipartisan political support for an effective mechanism to drive emissions reduction has also been problematic. While the introduction of the Carbon Pricing Mechanism (CPM) in 2012 reduced emissions from electricity production from about 199.1 MtCO2e to 180.8 MtCO2e in 2014, a change of government led to the abolition of the CPM in 2014 and emissions from electricity production subsequently rose to 187 MtCO2e in 2015 and 189 MtCO2e in 2016 with adverse impacts in many sectors as well as Australia’s overall emissions. The current Australian government continues to undermine its commitment to mitigation and the integrity and credibility of its own emissions reductions policy, introducing a softer ‘calculated baseline’ for its own Safeguard Mechanism, which allows companies to upwardly adjust their calculated baselines on the basis of their highest expected emissions, permitting emissions in excess of their historical emissions. While disappointing in the context of the global emissions reduction project, Australia’s actions are sadly not unique and we also provide examples of loopholes exploited by countries participating in a range of other negotiations and emissions reduction projects. Such strategies undoubtedly serve the short-term political and economic interests of these countries; however, it is increasingly apparent that the cumulative impact of such tactics will ultimately impact the entire global community.
Analysis of Energy Storage Implementation on Dynamically Positioned Vessels
Authors: Cuculić Aleksandar , Vučetić Dubravko , Prenc Rene , Ćelić Jasmin
Published: January 2019

Blackout prevention on dynamically positioned vessels during closed bus bar operation, which allows more efficient and eco-friendly operation of main diesel generators, is the subject of numerous studies. Developed solutions rely mostly on the ability of propulsion frequency converters to limit the power flow from the grid to propulsion motors almost instantly, which reduces available torque until the power system is fully restored after failure. In this paper, a different approach is presented where large scale energy storage is used to take part of the load during the time interval from failure of one of the generators until the synchronization and loading of a stand-by generator. In order to analyze power system behavior during the worst case fault scenario and peak power situations, and to determine the required parameters of the energy storage system, a dynamic simulation model of a ship electrical power system is used. It is concluded that implementation of large scale energy storage can increase the stability and reliability of a vessel’s electrical power system without the need for the reduction of propulsion power during a fault. Based on parameters obtained from simulations, existing energy storage systems were evaluated, and the possibility of their implementation in the maritime transportation sector was considered. Finally, an evaluation model of energy storage implementation cost-effectiveness was presented.
A Non-Uniform Transmission Line Model of the ±1100 kV UHV Tower
Authors: Guo Xianshan , Fu Ying , Yu Jingqiu , Xu Zheng
Published: January 2019

The modeling of the Ultra-High Voltage (UHV) tower plays an important role in lightning protection analysis of transmission lines because the model used will directly affect the reliability of the results. Moreover, the higher the voltage level is, the more prominent the impact becomes. This paper first analyzes the inapplicability of the Hara multi-segment multi-surge impedance model for the ±1100 kV UHV towers, and then builds a non-uniform transmission line model of the tower. Secondly, the multi-segment multi-surge impedance model is used to study the influence of the tower’s spatial structure changes on its electromagnetic transient characteristics. It is concluded that the more accurately the nominal height of the tower is modeled, the more accurately its electromagnetic transient response is reflected. Finally, the lightning electromagnetic transient responses of the tower with the non-uniform transmission line model and with the multi-segment multi-surge impedance model are compared and analyzed, which shows that the non-uniform transmission line model is more in line with the actual situation under the lightning strikes.
The Impact of Economic Growth and Air Pollution on Public Health in 31 Chinese Cities
Authors: Li Ying , Chiu Yung-ho , Lin Tai-Yu
Published: January 2019

The rapid economic growth of China in the last twenty years has caused a commensurate rise in atmospheric pollution which has had an impact on both the environment and public health. Since 2013, SO2, CO2 and nitrogen oxide levels have reached a level that may cause climate change and have adverse effects on the health of the local residents. Past environmental efficiency analyses have rarely examined economic development, air pollution and health as interacting systems; therefore, this study used a new two-stage DEA model, the Modified Undesirable EBM Two Stage DEA (Epsilon-Based Measure) to explore the environmental, economic and health efficiencies in thirty-one major cities in China. The results were as follows: while all cities needed to improve their GDP, the environmental efficiencies were continuing to rise in most cities. The health efficiency index indicated that disease efficiency had increased in most cities but declined in one third; therefore, it is necessary to strengthen treatment. The respiratory disease treatment efficiency in most cities was rising, and the room for improvement had significantly reduced. There were improvements in the mortality rate in 15 cities; however, the mortality rate treatment efficiency declined in 11 cities.
Nanoreactor Design Based on Self-Assembling Protein Nanocages
Authors: Ren Huimei , Zhu Shaozhou , Zheng Guojun
Published: January 2019

Self-assembling proteins that form diverse architectures are widely used in material science and nanobiotechnology. One class belongs to protein nanocages, which are compartments with nanosized internal spaces. Because of the precise nanoscale structures, proteinaceous compartments are ideal materials for use as general platforms to create distinct microenvironments within confined cellular environments. This spatial organization strategy brings several advantages including the protection of catalyst cargo, faster turnover rates, and avoiding side reactions. Inspired by diverse molecular machines in nature, bioengineers have developed a variety of self-assembling supramolecular protein cages for use as biosynthetic nanoreactors that mimic natural systems. In this mini-review, we summarize current progress and ongoing efforts creating self-assembling protein based nanoreactors and their use in biocatalysis and synthetic biology. We also highlight the prospects for future research on these versatile nanomaterials.
Identification of Early Salinity Stress-Responsive Proteins in Dunaliella salina by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis
Authors: Wang Yuan , Cong Yuting , Wang Yonghua , Guo Zihu , Yue Jinrong , Xing Zhenyu , Gao Xiangnan , Chai Xiaojie
Published: January 2019

Salt stress is one of the most serious abiotic factors that inhibit plant growth. Dunaliella salina has been recognized as a model organism for stress response research due to its high capacity to tolerate extreme salt stress. A proteomic approach based on isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) was used to analyze the proteome of D. salina during early response to salt stress and identify the differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). A total of 141 DAPs were identified in salt-treated samples, including 75 upregulated and 66 downregulated DAPs after 3 and 24 h of salt stress. DAPs were annotated and classified into gene ontology functional groups. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis linked DAPs to tricarboxylic acid cycle, photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation. Using search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes (STRING) software, regulatory protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks of the DAPs containing 33 and 52 nodes were built at each time point, which showed that photosynthesis and ATP synthesis were crucial for the modulation of early salinity-responsive pathways. The corresponding transcript levels of five DAPs were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). These results presented an overview of the systematic molecular response to salt stress. This study revealed a complex regulatory mechanism of early salt tolerance in D. salina and potentially contributes to developing strategies to improve stress resilience.
In Vitro Evaluation of Experimental Self-Adhesive Orthodontic Composites Used to Bond Ceramic Brackets
Authors: Costa Ana Carolina , Sabóia Vicente , Marçal Felipe , Sena Nara , De Paula Diego , Ribeiro Thyciana , Feitosa Victor
Published: January 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength (FS), and shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets bonded to enamel with experimental self-adhesive orthodontic composites. Functional monomers 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl-dihydrogen-phosphate (MDP) and glycerol-dimethacrylate-phosphate (GDMA-P) were used in experimental composites. They were compared to the same composite without an acidic monomer (negative control) and with enamel acid-etching prior to adhesive application (positive control). DC was evaluated by Raman micro-spectroscopy. Flexural three-point bending testing was performed in a universal testing machine. Ceramic brackets were bonded to bovine enamel and SBS was evaluated before and after 2000 thermal-cycles. Fracture patterns were surveyed with manual removal with specific pliers and analyzed by SEM. Statistics was performed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). DC of the control composite was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that of GDMA-P and MDP. FS showed no significant difference between composites (p = 0.451). Regarding adhesion, the positive control (8.47 ± 0.88 MPa) and MDP (7.07 ± 2.69 MPa) obtained higher overall results. The predominant fracture pattern of the positive control and MDP was mixed while it was adhesive for further groups. The MDP-containing orthodontic composite attained similar adhesion to a conventional three-step orthodontic bonding system, with a similar fracture pattern and mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the presence of acidic functional monomers reduced the DC.
Monitoring and Fault Location Sensor Network for Underground Distribution Lines
Authors: Parejo Antonio , Personal Enrique , Larios Diego Francisco , Guerrero Juan Ignacio , García Antonio , León Carlos
Published: January 2019

One of the fundamental tasks of electric distribution utilities is guaranteeing a continuous supply of electricity to their customers. The primary distribution network is a critical part of these facilities because a fault in it could affect thousands of customers. However, the complexity of this network has been increased with the irruption of distributed generation, typical in a Smart Grid and which has significantly complicated some of the analyses, making it impossible to apply traditional techniques. This problem is intensified in underground lines where access is limited. As a possible solution, this paper proposes to make a deployment of a distributed sensor network along the power lines. This network proposes taking advantage of its distributed character to support new approaches of these analyses. In this sense, this paper describes the aquiculture of the proposed network (adapted to the power grid) based on nodes that use power line communication and energy harvesting techniques. In this sense, it also describes the implementation of a real prototype that has been used in some experiments to validate this technological adaptation. Additionally, beyond a simple use for monitoring, this paper also proposes the use of this approach to solve two typical distribution system operator problems, such as: fault location and failure forecasting in power cables.
System for Face Recognition under Different Facial Expressions Using a New Associative Hybrid Model Amαβ-KNN for People with Visual Impairment or Prosopagnosia
Authors: Márquez-Olivera Moisés , Juárez-Gracia Antonio-Gustavo , Hernández-Herrera Viridiana , Argüelles-Cruz Amadeo-José , López-Yáñez Itzamá
Published: January 2019

Face recognition is a natural skill that a child performs from the first days of life; unfortunately, there are people with visual or neurological problems that prevent the individual from performing the process visually. This work describes a system that integrates Artificial Intelligence which learns the face of the people with whom the user interacts daily. During the study we propose a new hybrid model of Alpha-Beta Associative memories (Amαβ) with Correlation Matrix (CM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), where the Amαβ-CMKNN was trained with characteristic biometric vectors generated from images of faces from people who present different facial expressions such as happiness, surprise, anger and sadness. To test the performance of the hybrid model, two experiments that differ in the selection of parameters that characterize the face are conducted. The performance of the proposed model was tested in the databases CK+, CAS-PEAL-R1 and Face-MECS (own), which test the Amαβ-CMKNN with faces of subjects of both sexes, different races, facial expressions, poses and environmental conditions. The hybrid model was able to remember 100% of all the faces learned during their training, while in the test in which faces are presented that have variations with respect to those learned the results range from 95.05% in controlled environments and 86.48% in real environments using the proposed integrated system.
Analysis of a Cascaded Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer with Three Sets of Piezoelectric Ceramic Stacks
Authors: Meng Xiangdi , Lin Shuyu
Published: January 2019

To increase the ultrasonic intensity and power of a piezoelectric transducer, a cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with the three sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks is analyzed. The cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer consists of four metal cylinders and three sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks in the longitudinal direction. In analysis, the electromechanical equivalent circuit of the cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is obtained, as well as the resonance/anti-resonance frequencies equations. By means of an analytical method, when the position of piezoelectric ceramic stacks PZT-2/PZT-3 changes, the resonance/anti-resonance frequencies and the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient of the cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer have certain characteristics. Several prototypes of the cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer are manufactured. The experimentally measured resonance frequencies are in good agreement with the theoretical and simulated results. The cascaded piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer with three sets of piezoelectric ceramic stacks presented in this paper is expected to be used in the field of high power ultrasound.
A Deployable LPWAN Platform for Low-Cost and Energy-Constrained IoT Applications
Authors: Thoen Bart , Callebaut Gilles , Leenders Guus , Wielandt Stijn
Published: January 2019

Many commercial platforms for fast prototyping have gained support for lpwan technologies. However, these solutions do not meet the low-cost and low-power requirements for a large-scale distribution of battery-powered sensor nodes. This paper presents the design, realization and validation of an open-source lpwan versatile platform. Energy and cost are considered key constraints for this hardware design. A power-efficient LoRa radio interface is implemented by hosting MAC functionality on the application microcontroller, eliminating the need for a modem. In the system architecture, power and cost savings are obtained by omitting and controlling lossy power circuitry. The resulting platform allows entry-level prototyping, while featuring an ultra-low sleep power of 25.2 μ W . This makes lpwan sensor applications accessible in domains that would otherwise require custom hardware development. The proposed design is validated by an illustrative but functional example of sensor nodes deployed in the field.
SmartTags: IoT Product Passport for Circular Economy Based on Printed Sensors and Unique Item-Level Identifiers
Authors: Gligoric Nenad , Krco Srdjan , Hakola Liisa , Vehmas Kaisa , De Suparna , Moessner Klaus , Jansson Kristoffer , Polenz Ingmar , van Kranenburg Rob
Published: January 2019

In this paper, we present a method that facilitates Internet of Things (IoT) for building a product passport and data exchange enabling the next stage of the circular economy. SmartTags based on printed sensors (i.e., using functional ink) and a modified GS1 barcode standard enable unique identification of objects on a per item-level (including Fast-Moving Consumer Goods—FMCG), collecting, sensing, and reading of parameters from environment as well as tracking a products’ lifecycle. The developed ontology is the first effort to define a semantic model for dynamic sensors, including datamatrix and QR codes. The evaluation of decoding and readability of identifiers (QR codes) showed good performance for detection of sensor state printed over and outside the QR code data matrix, i.e., the recognition ability with image vision algorithm was possible. The evaluation of the decoding performance of the QR code data matrix printed with sensors was also efficient, i.e., the QR code ability to be decoded with the reader after reversible and irreversible process of ink (dis)appearing was preserved, with slight drop in performance if ink density is low.
An Estimate of the Yield of Single-transit Planetary Events from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
Authors: Villanueva Steven , Dragomir Diana , Gaudi B. Scott
Published: January 2019

We present a semianalytic estimate of the expected yield of single-transit planets from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We use the TESS Candidate Target List-6 (CTL-6) as an input catalog of over four million sources. We predict that from the 200,000 stars selected to be observed with the high-cadence postage stamps (PSs) with the highest CTL-6 priority, there will be 241 single-transit events caused by planets detectable at a signal-to-noise ratio of S/N ≥ 7.3. We find a lower limit of an additional 977 events caused by single-transit planets in the full frame images (FFIs); this is a lower limit because the CTL-6 is incomplete below a TESS magnitude of

. Of the single-transit events from the PSs and FFIs, 1091/1218 will have transit depths deeper than 0.1% and will thus be amenable for photometric follow-up from the ground, and 1195/1218 will have radial velocity signals greater than 1 m s−1. We estimate that the periods of 146 single transits will be constrained to better than 10% using the TESS photometry assuming circular orbits. We find that the number of planets detected by TESS in the PSs with periods

days can be doubled by including single-transiting planets, while the number of planets with

days can be increased by an order of magnitude. We predict 79 habitable zone planets in the TESS light curves from single transits, with 18 orbiting FGK stars.
Les infirmières de l’Éducation nationale en France : une étude mixte sur les pratiques en éducation et promotion de la santé
Authors: Nekaa Mabrouk , Berger Dominique
Published: January 2019

Au sein de la communauté éducative, les infirmières de l’Éducation nationale sont un corps particulier à qui est confiée la mission d’éducation et de promotion de la santé qui nécessite une évolution de leur rôle, de leur posture et de leurs pratiques professionnelles. La littérature souligne le lien entre les connaissances, les systèmes de représentations sociales et de pratiques de références qui s’articulent autour de conceptions individuelles. A partir d’une méthodologie mixte, l’étude porte sur l’analyse des résultats d’une approche qualitative par entretiens auprès d’un échantillon de la population suivie par une enquête nationale par questionnaires. Ces conceptions sont fortement influencées par l’exercice professionnel au sein de l’Éducation nationale. Le rôle des infirmières scolaires dans l’éducation pour la santé évolue en fonction de la durée de l’exercice professionnel, allant de conceptions sanitaires devant être enseignées à une approche globale de l’éducation à la santé en passant par le conseil et le soutien aux écoles et enseignants. Cette recherche avance des pistes de réflexion en ingénierie de la formation initiale ou continue avec comme objectif la construction de la spécificité de l’infirmière scolaire comme « une pratique spécialisée en soins infirmiers professionnels ».
L’impact de l’hypnose conversationnelle sur l’anxiété pré et post opératoire des patientes en chirurgie gynécologique versus pratique courante : étude comparative
Authors: Sourzac Jennie , Berger Valérie , Conri Vanessa
Published: January 2019

L’hystérectomie est souvent liée à des pathologies bénignes mais reste anxiogène et entraîne des modifications physiologiques et psychologiques importantes pour ces femmes : l’utérus, symbole de féminité chez la femme, a une signification particulière liée à sa fonction de reproduction et son rôle dans la sexualité. Face à ce constat, l’hypnose conversationnelle, utilisée lors de l’accueil du patient à l’hôpital a-t-elle un impact sur l’anxiété pré et post opératoire des patientes hospitalisées pour hystérectomie en chirurgie gynécologique ? Pour répondre à cette question, une étude pilote de faisabilité monocentrique comparative en deux groupes parallèles de dix patientes a été réalisée en 2014. Le premier groupe était accueilli selon la pratique courante, le deuxième groupe bénéficiait des techniques d’hypnose conversationnelle. L’objectif principal de cette étude était d’estimer l’effet de l’utilisation de l’hypnose conversationnelle lors de l’accueil, en comparaison de l’utilisation du protocole de soin courant de l’accueil, sur l’anxiété pér-opératoire mesurée à l’aide de l’Echelle Visuelle Analogique (EVA) d’anxiété, chez les patientes devant bénéficier d’une hystérectomie liée à une pathologie bénigne. Les résultats mettent en évidence que les patientes ayant bénéficié de techniques d’hypnose conversationnelle lors de l’accueil en hospitalisation avaient une anxiété pré et post opératoire nettement diminuée. Les résultats de cette étude pilote de faisabilité ont permis de poursuivre par une recherche pour confirmer ces premiers résultats dans le cadre de l’appel à projet du SIRIC BRIO (Appel à projet 2016 : Site de Recherche Intégrée en Cancérologie Bordeaux Recherche intégrée en oncologie). Cette recherche est actuellement en cours afin d’explorer l’impact d’une séance d’hypnose formelle préopératoire sur l’anxiété péri-opératoire de patientes hospitalisées pour hystérectomie liée à un cancer gynécologique pelvien.
Dichotomous disorder model for single light-harvesting complexes
Authors: Rutkauskas Danielis
Published: January 2019

Photosynthetic organisms conserve the captured energy of solar radiation into stable chemical forms. To do so, they have evolved specialized systems of pigment–protein complexes consisting of light-harvesting antennas and reaction centres. Photosynthetic antennas contain remarkably dense arrangements of light-absorbing pigments held by the protein scaffold, and their function is to absorb light and funnel the excitation energy to the reaction centre. Decades of experimental and theoretical research resulted in a detailed understanding of the energy migration pathways within the photosynthetic apparatus. The key parameters determining the excitation relaxation and transfer are inter-pigment coupling and energetic disorder or non-equality of excitation energies at equivalent pigment sites due to the interaction with the disordered protein scaffold. Circularly symmetric light-harvesting antennas from purple bacteria present a beautiful example of the interplay between these parameters. The spectral signature of this interplay could be observed with the single-molecule fluorescence microscopy techniques. The results of these measurements were interpreted with an intuitively clear dichotomous model of disorder of pigment site energies.
The ”Khadama Dependency Syndrome”: Determinants and prospects for the future of domestic work demand in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Malit, Jr. Froilan T. , Awad Mouawiya Al , Alexander Kristian
Published: January 2019

This paper examines the future roles and determinants of foreign domestic workers living in United Arab Emirates (UAE) society as well as the implications of their work on local Emirati families. Using in-depth interviews with 30 local employers in the UAE, we argue that the structural dependency on domestic workers (henceforward referred to as “khadama dependency syndrome”) will not only intensify due to complex micro- and macro-level factors, but also transform into a long-term dependency, given the changing demographic and family structures in the context of rapid globalization. This empirical study situates the perceptions of local UAE families on the determinants of foreign domestic work, and their complex and multiple effects on UAE society, culture, and economy. The study also conceptually examines the globalizing effects of long-term structural dependency on foreign domestic workers.
Désordre dans la famille : le divorce au Qatar
Authors: Montigny Anie
Published: January 2019

Au Qatar, les taux importants de divorces suscitent la crainte du gouvernement. Les causes possibles de ce phénomène social sont étudiées en regard des implications sur le modèle familial et les formes de l’alliance matrimoniale. Une analyse comparative des lois de la Constitution et des juridictions du Code de la famille montre que l’égalité de genre n’a pas la même implication selon l’une et les autres. Les conséquences du divorce affectent surtout la femme à laquelle le Code de la famille concède peu de compétence légale, à l’instar de la charia. Elles permettent de souligner les divergences entre le modèle de développement social promu par les autorités, qui figure une émancipation féminine selon une modernité islamique dont participe l’idéologie néopatriarcale. À travers la problématique du divorce et les solutions apportées par les instances du gouvernement afin d’y remédier, on comprend combien la famille et la religion sont associées.
Decision Factors in the Strategy of Sports Sponsorship in Spain
Authors: Peris Guillermo Sanahuja , Camacho Magdalena Mut , Franch Eva Breva , López Carlos Campos
Published: January 2019

This chapter responds to how companies decide their sports sponsorship strategy. Initially, a theoretical review was carried out on the actual research to date on the subject, which led to fieldwork that combined quantitative and qualitative techniques. In the first place, the managers and executives of 40 Spanish companies were surveyed. In the qualitative phase, discussion groups and in-depth interviews were carried out. The results obtained have been divided into findings for large companies and SMEs, respectively. The main finding has confirmed that sponsorship has basically a strategic motivation at its onset and an economic one in its execution.
Sport Atmospherics' Influence on the Event Experience
Authors: Palmero Mauro , Price Kelly
Published: January 2019

This chapter discusses traditional and online atmospherics as a sport marketing strategy. Though with traditional retail roots, atmospherics have emerged as a strategy that may be utilized in the physical, online, and mobile sport environments. A comprehensive review of major traditional and sports atmospheric variables, online atmospheric variables including augmented and virtual reality, and applications to sport are discussed. In addition, the spectator experience cycle is introduced with atmospheric correlations. The purpose of the chapter is to explain why traditional and online atmospherics are important to the sport industry and to demonstrate how sport marketers may use physical, online, or mobile atmospherics to enhance spectator experience, increase loyalty, impact attitude, consumer choice, and impact purchase behavior. In addition, the chapter is meant to emphasize the importance of atmospherics to ultimately achieve sport promotional/marketing objectives. Finally, future research directions are recommended.
Ontologies of Inclusion and Teacher Education
Authors: Whitburn Ben , Corcoran Tim
Published: January 2019

In the complex of marginalizing theories, policies, and practices, both in the academy and education more broadly, the design of inclusive education scholarship is intentionally relational. The purpose of this chapter is to examine how theories affecting inclusion direct the remit of teacher educators. In particular, attention is directed at interdisciplinary scholarly practice arising from individual and institutional values that can and do go by uncritically questioned. The chapter describes the development of a program of inclusive education scholarship within teacher education that emphasizes ontological scrutiny. Learning outcomes are made explicit promoting advanced understandings about the application of theory, policy, curriculum design, resources, and pedagogy to differentiate teaching programs in ways that are accessible to learners with diverse interests, needs, and backgrounds. Graduates are anticipated to meet challenging conditions of resistance to inclusion and be able to work in and against these with conviction.