bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preparing ONT-tagged Primers and Master Mix for Fungal DNA Barcoding v2
Authors: Douglas Russell Stephen
Published: July 2022

ONT primer preparation has two specific aspects that are unique when comparing to Sanger sequencing protocols. The first is that each primer needs to be "tagged" - a unique ~10-15bp sequence is added to the 5' end of the forward and reverse primers. Secondarily, these tagged primers need to be "multiplexed" - meaning that each individual specimen has a unique combination of forward-tagged primer and reverse-tagged primer. These tags allow the DNA amplicons for all of the specimens to be "pooled" or mixed together for sequencing, and then to be "demultiplexed" or sorted back out, allowing the resulting sequences to be associated with the individual specimens they originated from. It is possible to perform ONT sequencing without the tags, but you would not be able to associate the sequences with any individual specimens. Ex - If you had ten closely related Russula specimens in your sequencing run, you would be able to document sequences of all ten of the species, but you would have a difficult time associating the sequences with the individual specimens/observations they originated from. They would be sequences without faces. This may be common if you are examining the community ecology or environmental DNA of a particular location, but this result would not be ideal for most DNA barcoding goals involving specimens. Thus, if you are running 480 specimens on a Flongle flowcell, you need to have 480 unique primer combinations for the sequencing run. The easiest way to accomplish this is to have a single unique forward primer tag for each plate you are including, combined with 96 unique reverse primers for the plate. If you are including five plates, you would have five unique forward primers (a different one for each plate) combined with a standard set of 96 reverse primers. This results in 480 unique tags for each of the 480 specimens that are being barcoded. Note: This protocol utilized a primer plate of 96 different reverse primers. In the future I plan on ordering the primer plate of 96 unique primers for the forward ITS1F primers. This will allow ad-hoc combinations of a different ONT-tagged reverse primer to extend into the LSU region as needed.
Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on the Indonesian tourism industry
Authors: Anele Kalu Kingsley
Published: July 2022

Tourism plays a significant role in the economic development of Indonesia. Aside from being a source of revenue, tourism creates employment opportunities and promotes the hospitality industry. However, the emergence of COVID-19 has adversely implicated on tourism in Indonesia, as international travel restrictions have been imposed by many countries. This paper dialectically analysed the impact of COVID-19 on the Indonesian tourism industry. It was observed that labour and the earnings in the tourism were severely affected by COVID-19. This was because the number of foreign tourists that visited Indonesia declined significantly as countries partially shut down their economy and imposed travel restrictions. The paper reviewed the government of Indonesia’s regulations and programmes and the tourism sector’s actions to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the country’s economy. It argued that government should introduce structures and guidelines for the introduction of smart tourism through non-contact, smart and personalised travel in Indonesia. Keywords [COVID-19, Indonesia, Tourism, Presidential Regulations, Travel restriction, Economic shutdown]
Penggunaan Geographical Information System (GIS) untuk Visualisasi Analisis Perilaku Spasial Wisatawan
Authors: Novianti Syifaa , Nurkholifa Tika , Suryana Marceilla , Susanto Eko
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAKGeographic Information Systems(GIS) merupakan sebuah sistem informasi yang mengolah data spasial dari letak administratif suatu wilayah untuk disimpan, divisualisasikan, dan dianalisis. Penggunaan GIS pada kepariwisataan bertujuan untuk mengintegrasikan sumber daya pariwisata dalam satu platform sehingga dapat membuka peluang besar untuk pemerataan sebaran wisata sekaligus meningkatkan pendapatan daerah melalui kunjungan wisatawan. Penelitian ini memvisualisasikan perilaku spasial wisatawan Bandung Raya yang meliputi sebaran kunjungan, length of stay, dan expenditure. Melalui pendekatan metode deskriptif, distribusi frekuensi dari 476 sampel wisatawan dihitung distribusi melalui SPSS serta pembuatan visualisasi berupa peta sebaran menggunakan ArcGIS. Dengan adanya visualisasi perilaku spasial wisatawan tersebut, hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat membantu tourism stakeholder dalam perencanaan dan pengembangan kepariwisataan di Bandung Raya. Kata Kunci : Geographical Information System, Perilaku Spasial Wisatawan, Bandung RayaABSTRACTGeographic Information Systems (GIS) is an information system that processes spatial data from the administrative location of an area to be stored, visualized, and analyzed. The use of GIS in tourism aims to integrate tourism resources in one platform so that it can open up great opportunities for equitable distribution of tourism while increasing regional income through tourist visits. This study visualizes the spatial behavior of Bandung Raya tourists which includes the distribution of visits, length of stay, and expenditure. Using a descriptive method approach, the frequency distribution of the 476 tourist samples is calculated through SPSS distribution and visualization in the form of a distribution map using ArcGIS. With the visualization of the spatial behavior of tourists, the results of this study are expected to help tourism stakeholders in planning and developing tourism in Greater Bandung.tourism in Greater Bandung.Keywords : Geographical Information System, Tourist Spatial Behavior, Greater Bandung.
Dinamika Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Tata Kelola Ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Wana Tirta di Kabupaten Kulon Progo
Authors: Arrahmah Novriza , Wicaksono Ferri
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTEcotourism is part of the development of tourism in Indonesia, where it concerns on optimizing natural tourism travel including knowledge, in the form of preserving the environment, which encourages to carry out conservation activities for the environment and natural resources, in accordance with the characteristics of Indonesia's regional conditions. Wana Tirta Mangrove Forest (WTMF) is known as one of the ecotourism attractions which is developed in Kulon Progo Regency. This research specifically discusses the dynamic of Community Participation in the management. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze using three-phases methods developed by Noronha, namely, Discovery, Local Response and Initiative, and Institutionalization. This research focuses on seeing the realization of a community participation initiative activity as well as the role of the community in the Local Response and Initiative phase of greenwood theory, where the role of the community itself is related to the involvement directly and most instrumentally in the management of ecotourism in the WTMF area. At the end of this study, researchers wanted to provide an overview of driving factors, supporting factors, and inhibitory factors. ABSTRAKEkowisata menjadi bagian dari pengembangan pariwisata di Indonesia, yang mana ekowisata berkonsentrasi dalam melakukan optimalisasi perjalanan wisata alam meliputi pengetahuan, dalam bentuk melestarikan lingkungan, yang mendorong untuk melakukan kegiatan konservasi terhadap lingkungan dan sumber daya alam, sesuai dengan dengan karakteristik kondisi wilayah Indonesia. Hutan Mangrove Wana Tirta (HMWT)diketahui sebagai salah satu potensi ekowisata yang sedang di kembangkan di Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Penelitian ini secara spesifik membahas tentang Dinamika  Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Tata Kelola Ekowisata. Tujuan penelitian ini ingin mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis menggunakan tiga metode tahapan yang dikembangkan oleh Noronha yaitu, fase Discovery, ,fase Local Response and Initiative, dan fase Institutionalization. Penelitian ini berfokus ingin melihat perwujudan dari suatu aktivitas inisiatif partisipasi masyarakat maupun peran masyarakat dalam fase Local Response and Initiative pada teori Greenwood, dimana peran masyarakat itu sendiri berkaitan dengan adanya keterlibatan secara langsung maupun yang paling berperan dalam pengelolaan ekowisata.  Di akhir penelitian ini, peneliti ingin memberikan beberapa gambaran faktor pendorong, faktor pendukung, dan faktor penghambat.
“We Don’t Meet [Any]where Else, Just Here”: Spatiality of Social Capital in Urban Allotments
Authors: Resler Megan L. , Ramos Lobato Isabel , Candy Seona
Published: July 2022

Unlike many other types of urban micro‐publics, allotment gardens provide a spatial opportunity for everyday social contact and encounters between heterogeneous user groups who share a common interest. While these micro‐publics have an evidenced capacity for generating social capital, scholars have questioned the extent to which social capital accessed within the allotment garden transcends its physical boundary—and thus the relevance of the micro‐public for social integration by fostering resource transfers between socially‐distant members of the population. In this article, we investigate for whom and to what extent social ties and resources accessed within the garden extend beyond its physical boundary and into other domains of urban life (i.e., scaling resource transfers) in Vantaa, the most multicultural city in Finland. Utilizing a mixed‐methods approach, we integrated crisp‐set qualitative comparative analysis and thematic analysis to explore which configurations of gardener characteristics relate to different resource transfers. We found that although new contacts—including boundary‐crossing contacts—were formed within the micro‐public, they evidenced little potential for scaling resource transfers across social difference, and in some cases even sparked intergroup tensions. These findings illustrate that despite the common interest shared by individuals within this micro‐public, contact between different groups alone is not necessarily sufficient to foster positive social encounters, scaling or otherwise. To improve scaling resource transfers and, more broadly, deepen social connections formed within the micro‐public network, facilitated intercultural dialogue by relevant institutions is needed.
“Whom Should I Talk To?”: Role Prescription and Hierarchy Building in Supervised Living Groups
Authors: Schubert Daniel , Brand Alexander
Published: July 2022

Adolescent asylum seekers have been an independent, yet understudied group in the German Youth welfare service since 2016. Due to the separation from their familiar surroundings, young people must establish new connections with their peers in supervised living groups. However, little is known about this special group in the youth welfare system as there are only a few studies covering the situation of adolescent asylum seekers in residential groups. In our study, we apply a mixed‐methods approach to analyse the self‐understanding of adolescent asylum seekers, social comparisons between the perceived own group and outside group and link them with data on the emergence of friendship ties among adolescent asylum seekers. Analytically, we describe institutional factors and narratives (qualitative focus) and access structural mechanisms (demographics, network organization principles) via network regression models (quantitative focus). Our results indicate a strong influence of a high level of upstreamness in the network in the tie creation and less influence from factors like age and religion. Following this, our study provides first indications about patterns of connection and separation in this niche group.
Disputable questions of statins antitumor effects in hemoblastoses
Authors: Mustafin R. N.
Published: July 2022

Antitumor drug treatment of hemoblastoses always takes into account the patient comorbidity. Due to the frequent cardiovascular pathology and atherosclerosis, patients have to take statins along with antitumor treatment. Experimental studies have shown that statins inhibit the cholesterol synthesis (necessary for the vital activity of malignant cells), isoprenylation of the RAS and RHO oncogenes, and the proliferation of leukemic cells. In addition, the potentiation of antitumor drugs effect by statins, sensitization of leukemia and lymphomas cells to their effects were noted. when conducting a meta-analysis, it was found that mortality among patients with hematological malignancies taking statins is lower compared with the group of patients not receiving statins. This fact is probably explained not only by the improvement in cholesterol metabolism, but also by indirect antitumor effects of this group of drugs.
Comparative clinical and economic assessment of polatuzumab vedotin therapy in combination with bendamustine and rituximab for adult transplantation-ineligible patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Dyakov I. N. , Bushkova K. K.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To evaluate the pharmacoeconomic feasibility of using polatuzumab vedotin in combination with bendamustine and rituximab for the treatment of adult transplantation-ineligible patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Materials and methods. Study design - retrospective analysis of literature data. Pharmacoeconomic research methods - clinical and economic analysis (incremental cost-effectiveness analysis, case-based approach) using sensitivity assessment. The sources of the drug efficacy data were publications on conducted clinical trials; on the drugs cost -the State register of maximum selling prices, data from the manufacturer's company.

Results. Polatuzumab vedotin is the unique drug from the class of monoclonal antibody-antimitotic agent conjugates registered in Russia for the treatment of adult transplantation-ineligible patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. for this reason a case-based approach was applied as part of the cost-effectiveness analysis. As a result of clinical and economic analysis, it was found that the cost of progression free life-year added when using polatuzumab vedotin in combination with bendamustine and rituximab in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large b-cell lymphoma by 50.7 %, or by 11.4 million rubles, lower than the cost of progression free life-year added when using brentuximab vedotin in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma. The sensitivity assessment showed the stability of the obtained results to changes in the input parameters of treatment cost and efficacy in a wide range of values.

Conclusion. Use of polatuzumab vedotin in combination with bendamustine and rituximab for the treatment of adult transplantation-ineligible patients with diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is pharmacoeconomically justified and appropriate.
Polymorphisms of the TPMT, NUDT15 genes and 6-mercaptopurine toxicity profile in adult patients with Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphomas on the ALL-2016 protocol
Authors: Kotova E. S. , Gavrilina O. A. , Yakutik I. A. , Sudarikov A. B. , Chabaeva Yu. A. , Kulikov S. M. , Beksaev S. G. , Troitskaya V. V. , Isinova G. A. , Sokolov A. N. , Fidarova Z. T. , Lukyanova I. A. , Abramova A. V. , Dvirnyk V. N. , Galtseva I. V. , Obukhova T. N. , Parovichnikova E. N.
Published: July 2022

Background. 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) is a drug that is included in the treatment protocols for children and adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemias/lymphomas (ALL/LBL). It is known that individual differences in 6-MP tolerance can be explained by the TPMT and NUDT15 polymorphisms.

Aim. To determine 6-MP toxicity profile in adult patients with Ph-negative ALL/LBL treated by ALL-2016 protocol, depending on the TPMT and NUDT15 polymorphisms.

Materials and methods. The study included 54 adult patients with Ph-negative ALL/LBL (40 male and 14 female). The median age was 31 (18-51) years. T-ALL/LBL was diagnosed in 29 patients, B-ALL/LBL - in 22, acute leukemia with a mixed immunophenotype - in 3. All patients received treatment according to the multicenter study ALL-2016 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03462095). polymorphisms in NUDT15 (*2, *3) and TPMT (*2, *3A, *3B, *3C) genes were detected using the allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction. Genomic DNA was extracted from patients peripheral blood samples. On the induction and consolidation therapy by the protocol, the received and proper 6-MP doses were calculated for all the patients. Drug toxicity was evaluated based on clinical and laboratory data.

Results. TPMT and NUDT15 polymorphisms were detected in 11 (20 %) patients, more often in B-ALL - 7 (32 %) of 22 (p <0.05). A lower dose of 6-MP was received by patients with TPMT, NUDT15 polymorphisms only at consolidation IV (p = 0.01). we didn't find a correlation between the 6-MP toxicity and the polymorphisms in our patients (p >0.05).

Conclusion. There were no differences in the received dose of 6-MP and the incidence of toxicity in adult patients between Ph-negative ALL/LBL with or without TPMT and NUDT15 polymorphisms treated according to ALL-2016 protocol (p >0.05). further studies including evaluation of 6-MP metabolites concentrations are required for a more complete understanding of the metabolism of this drug.
Victims and assailants’ profile of sexual abuse from an outpatient clinic. A descriptive study
Authors: Labronici Liliana M. , Mantovani Maria de F. , Fegadoli Débora , Jarek Gisele , Arcoverde Marcos A.M.
Published: July 2022

Sexual abuse is a significant problem in public health as it evolves from a multifactorial social phenomenon, bringing about consequences for the victim as well as society. It is a retrospective descriptive research held in an outpatient clinic for victims of sexual abuse from January 2002 to March 2005. The study aimed to: outline clients’ profiles and typify assailants. Most clients were women, between 15 and 20 years of age, elementary educational level, single, sexually active. The assailants intimidated them at gunpoint and most of them effected vaginal sexual intercourse. There were no cases of pregnancy, HIV or STDs among the properly treated clients. Only 12% returned to all appointments and 46% completed antiretroviral treatment.
The itinerary of families with children from 0 to 6 years of age in the search for health care. Preview Note
Authors: Fernandes Rumor Pamela Camila , Grisotti Márcia , Souza Adalbi Cilonei , Boehs Astrid Eggert
Published: July 2022

Exploratory study with quanti-qualitative approach which aims to identify and to analyze the itinerary of low income families in the search for health care of children from 0 to 6 years of age, in two neighborhoods in the city of Florianópolis. The theoretical framework approaches the care system as a cultural system, identifying and analyzing the several care subsystems: popular, familiar and professional. After being approved by the ethics committee, the research is in the phase of data collection: interviews with mothers in different places as daycare centers, meetings of associations and churches.
Sociodemographic Profile of Working Students Matriculated in the Nursing Undergraduate Course At Private University: a Descriptive Study.
Authors: Teixeira Elizania Machado , Silva Arlete
Published: July 2022

In Brazil there has been an increase of private nursing schools that offer a part-time Undergraduate Course, allowing students to take a job. This topic has roused the interest of academicians pursuing knowledge of the profile, and difficulties of these students, in order to contribute towards better nursing education. The purpose is to describe the sociodemographic, work and study-related characteristics of working students from the Nursing Undergraduate Course of a private university, São Paulo, Brazil. It is a descriptive survey. The population consisted of 406 students; of these, 250 (62%) were enrolled in the morning and 156 (38.00%) in the evening period; 334 (82.27%) women and 72 (17.73%) men, with average age of 30 and 29 years; 193 (47.54%) single and 158 (38.92%) married. The majority (70.68%) reported monthly income of US$ 230 to US$ 680, contributing partially (36.95%) to the family income, with primary activities including leisure, visiting friends and relatives (21.44%) and watching TV (19.14%). As regards the facts relating to work, 85% work in a job, with a workday of 31 or more hours per week (78%); 80.06% work at a hospital, as a nursing assistant or technician (65.77%).The results relating to the study demonstrate that 68% study a maximum of 4 hours/week and 19% do not study; the main reason for not paying attention to lessons is tiredness, stress and sleepiness (78.40%).
Nursing science training for undergraduates: a guide to research
Authors: Erdmann Alacoque L , Pagliuca Lorita MF
Published: July 2022

This editorial points out the importance of the fellowship for undergraduate nursing students to develop the research competence and the nursing knowledge.
Analysis of Psicossocial Attention Centers (CAPS) in the health promotion perspective
Authors: Tavares Claudia Mara , Rodrigues Samira Pereira , De Assis Pablo André Rosa
Published: July 2022

The research analyses the performance of the CAPS the according in the health promotion perspective. This study is qualitative, descriptive and exploratory. The professionals of health the CAPS of the Niterói city were the participants of this research. It has as theoretical base the principles of the psychiatric reform and the model of health promotion.
Poverty, Health Iniquities, and Human Development: OBJN special number, Oct 2007
Authors: Cruz Isabel CF da
Published: July 2022

Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing joins 120 science journals around the world in inviting submissions on the topic of Poverty, Health Iniquities and Human Development, to be published in a Global Theme Issue in October 2007, organized by the Council of Science Editors.
Design And Implementation of a Low-Cost Smart Surveillance Robot for Secured Monitoring System
Authors: Sivaraman Ravichandran, Ajay Ponkumar Murugan Gayathri Devi Ramaraj, R Zahira, Kushal Kumar Sekhar,
Published: July 2022

Modern surveillance requires a lot of human effort. The international border monitoring also requires human involvement. By using automated robot, distant location monitoring can be easily achieved. An idea is proposed to design a robot for location tracking and for security purpose. It is primarily used for location where human surveillance is not possible. The robot is commanded to reach the destined location then using the wireless camera it transmits the scene. The robot comprises of three steps namely receiving the data, going to the location, and transmitting the surrounding data through the camera. The transmitter section consists of four buttons. When the first button is pressed, the DC motor attached with the robot runs and the robot reaches the destined location. The signal comes from the transmitter reaches the receiver section and the Arduino gives the command to rotate the DC motor. After reaching the location, it starts to transmit the surrounding scene through the wireless camera placed in the robot. Based on the input command the robot reaches the destined location. The wireless transmitting camera can be used for surveillance purpose. A firearm is attached to the robot. Whenever any intruder passes the restricted place, the firearm can be used to stun the intruder. An extra button is provided in the transmitter section for firing the weapon manually. An LCD display is used to see the current location of the robot. All these components are interfaced using Arduino board.
Design and Implementation of Virtual Machine Migration Method in Cloud Computing
Authors: Digvijay Singh, Sachin Sharma Shubhashish Goswami,
Published: July 2022

The cloud is a communication architecture that includes virtual machines, data centers, hosts, and brokers. For cloudlet execution, the broker looks for the most reliable virtual machine. Uncertainty may arise in the network as to which system is overloaded. A work technique is proposed in this study to improve the system's fault tolerance. The proposed enhancement is based on the ACO algorithm, which can determine the best virtual machine to migrate a cloudlet to. The proposed algorithm's performance is being evaluated on Cloudsim in terms of execution time and energy consumption. When compared to TESA, the simulation results showed that ACO (Ant Colony Optimization) takes the least amount of time and energy to run (Three Step Encryption Algorithm). The proposed algorithm can be used in cloud computing for load balancing.
Maximum Co-Location Patterns of Mining Based on Count-Ordered Citations-Analysis of Spatial Databases
Authors: Dr. Kumar Shwetabh Dr. Nidhi Mishra,
Published: July 2022

Searching for the spatial co-area that shows up as often as possible in neighboring space is generally utilized in numerous areas, including cell phone administrations and traffic the board. To accomplish this objective, the SGCT calculation further develops different calculations which use tables to find applicant sets. It utilizes an undirected chart to mine up-and-comers of the maximal co-area designs first, then, at that point, utilizes a dense tree design to store example clubs of competitors. In any case, as how much information develops, the SGCT calculation might store enormous number of hubs during the time spent producing the tree. In this paper, we propose another system which will think about the quantity of occasions of every occasion. We propose a Count-Ordered Instances-tree to record competitors of connection sets. From our trial results, we show that our methodology needs more limited time and costs less extra room than the SGCT calculation.
Crypto Hash Signature Adopted Blockchain to Detect Spiteful Node to Enhance the Throughput in WSN
Authors: E. D. Kanmani Ruby Ambika Bhuvaneswari C.,
Published: July 2022

Secured routing is the definite maneuvers in a wireless sensor network (WSN) for distributing data packets to the base station. However, attacker node outbreaks will occur throughout the routing process, exacerbating the wireless sensor network's functioning. As a result, a secure routing protocol is essential to ensure route fortification and the effectiveness of wireless sensor networks. For this reason, many studies have shown an interest in improving routing protocol security by adopting cryptographic structures and trust regulation methods. However, most secured routing protocols are dynamically awful in real-time scenarios, making it difficult to distinguish between unsecured routing node performances. In the same way, solutions for detecting and mitigating node attacks are still challenging. In this, Crypto Hash signature (CHS) token are generated for the flow accesses with a secret key belonging to each routing sensor node. The assessment metrics corresponding to average energy consumption, and throughput of token transactions is measured. Then the simulation performance of the proposed SDOR-CHS-SD method provide 18.46%, 8.37% and 26.77% higher token transactions throughput, when compared with existing method like SDOR-SSOA, SDOR-DSM and SDOR-RIL respectively.
Synthesis and Solvatochromism of Oxazolone Derivative: Combining Organic Synthesis and Physical Organic Chemistry in a Single Experiment
Authors: Korb Taianne D’Angelo , Da Costa Lucia Helena Franco Martires , Da Rosa Mauricio Ferreira
Published: July 2022

This work presents a proposal of experimental activity involving organic synthesis and solvatochromism of an organic molecule, correlating the content of organic chemistry and physical organic chemistry. This experiment presents a good opportunity to work with the classroom some of the content related to the mechanisms of organic reactions and the relationship between energy, electronic states, solute-solvent interactions, spectroscopy, among others in the area of physical chemistry, thus integrating knowledge. Experimentally, we synthesized through the Plöchl-Erlenmeyer method the oxazolonic derivative 4-[(p-N,N-dimethylamino)benzylidene]-2-phenyloxazole-5-one (AZA2) with good yield (78%), while the solvatochromic study showed that this derivative presented reverse solvatochromism; since in non-hydroxyl solvents it presented positive solvatochromism, but in protic solvents it presented negative solvatochromism. These different behaviors can be justified by the different solute-solvent interactions existing in each medium, which favors the prevalence of different mesomeric structures.
Current understanding of complex regional pain syndrome
Authors: Petrushin Alexander L. , Antipin Eduard E. , Bragina Svetlana V. , Yakovenko Maxim P. , Bochkareva Nadegda A. , Koroleva Natalia I.
Published: July 2022

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a multifactorial pathology characterized by chronic pain, autonomic disorders, and motor dysfunction. This review discusses the mechanisms of CRPS development, as well as methods of its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. In addition to drug treatment and physical therapy, issues of interventional methods for the treatment of CRPS are also covered. Along with sympathetic blocks and various ablation techniques under ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance, a new waveform for spinal cord stimulation and new stimulation targets such as dorsal root ganglia have been proposed.
Сomparative effectiveness of various methods of epidural administration of glucocorticosteroids in treating root pain syndromes
Authors: Fedorov Dmitry A. , Khinovker Vladimir V. , Koriachkin Viktor A.
Published: July 2022

This review aimed to compare the effectiveness of different methods of epidural glucocorticosteroid (GCS) use in the treatment of root syndrome pain according to literature over the past 20 years. A literary search was conducted in the databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, as well as a manual search of bibliographies of famous primary and review articles and abstracts of scientific meetings between 2000 and 2020. During the search, 637 studies were identified, of which 615 were excluded, as they did not correspond to the topic of the article. The remaining 22 studies were included in this review.
Scientific papers describe three ways to deliver glucocorticosteroids, namely, epiduralinterlaminar injection, transforaminal injection, sacralepidural injection.
For sciatica, 5 out of 8 comparative randomized controlled trials found the transforaminal route of administration to be superior to the sacroepidural or interlaminar route of administration. In a number of studies, the sacroepidural route of administration was comparable in efficiency with transfor-real with low herniated discs.
In cases of cervicobrachialgia, the transforaminal route of administration is recognized by most authors as unsafe, with risks of accidental intravascular injection. In this regard, at the cervical level, interlaminar access is considered preferable. In addition, the differences between the epidural use of water-soluble and dispersed (not approved for use in the Russian Federation) glucocorticosteroids are described.
The review describes the techniques of various approaches to the epidural space with their advantages and disadvantages.
Different methods require different material equipment of clinics. Sacral access, with relatively high efficiency, allows for blind use, in contrast to transforaminal access at the lumbar level and interlaminar access at the cervical level, which require X-ray navigation.
OSMANLI DEVLETİ NDE MANASTIRBEND CEZASI VE UYGULAMALARI (1789-1839)
Authors: BAYTİMUR Suha Oğuz
Published: July 2022

Osmanlı Devleti hâkim olduğu geniş coğrafi alanda çok sayıda farklı ulustan ve inançtan insan topluluklarını sınırları içerisinde barındırmıştır. Bu süreçte toplulukların tamamının, oluşturulan kanun ve kurallara riayet etmesi zorunlu tutulmuş, kanunlara aykırı davranışlarda bulunulması ise suç kabul edilmiş ve çeşitli şekillerde cezalandırılmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti kanunlara aykırı olmaması şartıyla, farklı etnik ve dinî grupların gelenek, görenek ve inançlarına uygun bir yaşam sürdürmelerine izin vermiştir. Ancak Osmanlı Devleti’nin geleneksel yaşamına uymayan ve aykırı davranışlarda bulunan gayrimüslimlere ise çeşitli şekillerde yaptırım uygulanmıştır. Patrikliğin padişaha doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak yapmış olduğu şikâyet sonucunda suçlu bulunan gayrimüslim vatandaşlar, padişahın emriyle cezalandırılmıştır. Uygulanan cezalar çeşitli olmakla beraber, sıklıkla hapis cezaları ile karşılaşılmaktadır. Kayıtlarda suçluların yerleştirildiği mekânlardan dolayı farklı isimlerle adlandırılan hapis cezalarının bir kısmı ise manastırlarda uygulanmıştır ve manastırbend olarak ifade edilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde sadece Hristiyan vatandaşlara uygulanan manastırbend cezası ile suçlular ıslah olana kadar manastırlarda tutulmaktadır. Ayrıca manastırlara bağlı olan kale veya kulelerde de suçlular mahkûm edilmiştir. Manastırlarda mahkûm olan kişilerin merkeze ıslah olduğuna dair arzuhâl gönderdikleri görülmektedir. Gönderilen arzuhâllerin Divanda incelenmesi sonucunda ıslah olduğu kanaatinin oluşması durumunda mahkûm affedilip serbest bırakılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Osmanlı Devleti’nde 1789-1839 yıllar arasında kayıtlarda yer alan manastırbend cezalarını analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
The UK's Migraine Healthcare System: Key Problems and How They Can be Addressed
Authors: Music Robert ,   The Migraine Trust, London, UK
Published: July 2022

At The Migraine Trust, the UK's leading migraine charity, we regularly hear from people who are in urgent need of better migraine care. Every day, we see the huge impact this long-term, painful neurological condition has on people's lives, and we want to ensure that every single person with migraine, no matter who they are or where they come from, can access the information, support and care that they need. This editorial article addresses key issues in migraine care, the impact of inadequate healthcare on patients living with migraine and how The Migraine Trust believes these problems can be addressed.
Tindakan Mengoperasikan Telepon Seluler dalam Pesawat Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2009 tentang Penerbangan
Authors: Santoso Kris Putra , Santoso Tommy Julio , Subagijo Cindy Fransisca , Teguh Tamara
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze the actions of passengers who operated cellular telephones on board the aircraft and the criminal liability of passengers who operated cellular telephones on aircraft based on Law Number 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation. The approach used in this study was a statutory approach and a case approach with a normative juridical type of research. The data sources in this study used primary and secondary legal materials. The data that were obtained were analyzed using descriptive techniques. The actions of passengers who operated cell phones on planes meet one form of error, namely negligence without awareness. Criminal liability for passengers who operated cellular phones onboard the aircraft was based on the elements of a criminal act in Article 54 letter f of the Aviation Law, and the sanctions provided were regulated in Article 412 paragraph (5) of the Aviation Law, which was threatened with a maximum imprisonment of two years or a maximum fine of 200,000,000 IDR.
Kewenangan Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam Penanganan Tindak Pidana Karantina Ikan Berdasarkan Ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2019
Authors: Ichsan Muhammad Nur , Asis Abd. , Mirzana Hijrah Adhyanti
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the authority of civil servant investigators and analyze the inhibiting factors for civil servant investigators to handle fish quarantine crimes. This study used an empirical juridical method with a sociological juridical approach. Civil servant investigators' authority to handle fish quarantine crimes was carried out based on Article 83 paragraph (2) of Law Number 21 of 2019 through coordination with the police, which includes two fields, namely the field of guidance and operations. The inhibiting factors for civil servant investigators in handling fish quarantine crimes were divided into law enforcement factors and legal substances.
Realisasi Citizenship Education Melalui Program Kampus Merdeka
Authors: Nanggala Agil , Suryadi Karim
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to describe the realization of citizenship education in the learning practice of the Kampus Merdeka program and to analyze the involvement of various parties in the effort to realize citizenship education in the Merdeka Campus program. This study applied a qualitative approach with a literature study method carried out through several activities, namely collecting library data, reading and taking notes, and processing information according to the formulation of the problem discussed. The realization of citizenship education in the learning practice of the Kampus Merdeka program was executed through several activities that directly interact with the community, including research, entrepreneurship, humanitarian projects, independent projects, and thematic Real Work Lectures (KKN) or village building. Efforts to realize citizenship education in the Kampus Merdeka program required several parties, namely the government, academia, the community or society, the private sector, and the media.
Laozi, the life worth living
Authors: Parreño Piñol Manuel
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this paper is to show how, according to Laozi (the author) and based on the Laozi (the book), everyone has the ability to achieve an acceptable degree of goodness. Laozi lays out his understanding of goodness as a mystical ideal, which, for Laozi, this makes sense due to the close link he sees between goodness and Dao. Thus, the scope this paper covers is the population of the world, as it deals with mankind’s potential for goodness. This study has not been designed to investigate the meaning of Laozi’s concept of goodness. Instead, the focus is on the fact that, according to Laozi, we have come into existence because of Dao and have been given of Dao the means to know what decisions are naturally called for or good; According to Laozi’s natural understanding of the world. Consequently, this paper seeks to answer questions such as: How is it that all can lead a life in line with goodness? Why is it that so many do not lead such a life? How does philosophy allow or help us to become our best self? The model was selected from particular chapters of Laozi teaching on the concept of goodness which, in Laozi, is equally represented in the behavior or manner of acting of Dao,Naturalness, the Sage and ‘‘water.’’ Dao as the fountain of all that is good; Naturalness as the law bywhich when acting spontaneously, innately, we know of Dao’s ways; The Sage as the example of theideal man; ‘‘water’’ as the metaphor Laozi uses to speak of ‘‘the highest good’’.
Translation and creation in Zheng Zhenduo’s translation of “Apollo and Daphne”
Authors: Nico Silvia
Published: July 2022

Zheng Zhenduo, the Chinese translator, has made great contributions to the translation and introduction of Greek literature, and also put forward unique insights for the construction of Chinese translation theory. Based on Zheng Zhenduo 's translation theory, this article takes  Zheng Zhenduo’s translation of Apollo and Daphne (Aipoluo yu Dafen),  contained in Lian’ai de gushi (1929), a collection of Greek mythological stories that he selected and translated from English into Chinese as an example, it compares Zheng’s version and English version to analyze whether or not he remained consistent to his own translation theory when translating Greek mythological stories.
Intermediate texts in Marcela de Juan’s translation of classical Chinese poetry
Authors: Jiawei Wang
Published: July 2022

Marcela de Juan (1905-1981), Spanish sinologist and polyglot translator, was pioneer in Spain of the diffusion of Chinese culture from 1928 until her death in 1981. However, her translations of Classical Chinese poetry are little studied till today. Through a comparative analysis that includes a simple statistical measurement, we have found that Marcela de Juan belongs to the line of translators who chose, as usual until the 1970s, to use French intermediate translations. Several examples of her practice in the poetic translation are presented in this text, and some of the reference French versions are referred to. Without detracting from the real interest of these versions of Marcela de Juan for their Spanish-language readers, and the influence these versions exerted in the introduction of Classical Chinese literature to Spain on its historical context.
Building schemes to facilitate translation: a study of Spanish-Chinese simultaneous interpretation in diplomatic contexts
Authors: Xiaoyu Li
Published: July 2022

With the increase of China’s international status and influence, the subjects in international exchanges no longer remain at macro level, while shifting towards a more professional and concrete dimension. This paper takes the Spanish-Chinese simultaneous interpretation in political/diplomatic activities as an example, departing from the perspective of Schema Theory and incorporated with the author’s own interpreting training, teaching and practical experience. It aims atputting forward certain translating concepts and coping tactics, highlighting the virtue of knowledge orcontent schema in interpreting, especially in the practice and training of simultaneous interpretation,hoping to provide some reference to instructors and practitioners in translation education and forcareer development.
The invention of Movable-Type Printing in the work of Shen Kuo (1031-1095)
Authors: Di Doménico Luciano Agustín , Mina Federico Daniel , Santillán Gustavo E.
Published: July 2022

This article analyses the jotting n° 307 of the book “Brush Talks from Dream Brook”(Mengxi Bitan), by the scholar Shen Kuo (1031-1095). That jotting presents, by first time in History, themovable-type printing invention. Our analysis of this jotting relates the exposition made by Shen Kuowith the social context of its time, as well as with Shen Kuo’s own personal trajectory as scholar-officialof the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127). The performed examination reveals that Shen Kuo highlightsthe movable-type printing invention based on its recurrent interest for technical developments; also, itis concluded that the above-mentioned interest must not be isolated from Shen Kuo´s trajectory withinthe Court, and, finally, that book printing was a noteworthy phenomenon in the society of Shen’s times,for both socioeconomic and political reasons.
Book Review: Miranda Márquez, Gonzalo: A journey through Chinese culture and language
Authors: Mironesko Alexandra Magdalena
Published: July 2022

Book Review: Miranda Márquez, Gonzalo: A journey through Chinese culture and language
Dissemination of Primary Schools During the Reign of Abdülhamid II: Example of Magnesia Villages (1894-1896)
Authors: GÖKMEN Ertan
Published: July 2022

In Tanzimat Period, when new educational institutions such as junior high school and high school were opened apart from primary schools.The level education of students who attended these schools was very low. In order to eliminate reading and knowledges deficiencies of the students, primary schools/iptidais with the new method began to be opened under the control of Ministry of Education and outside the control of foundations. However, primary schools/sıbyan mekteps teaching in old methos and primary schools/iptidais teaching in new method continued to provide education together. The state rapidly transforming the sıbyan schools to iptidai schools, assigning teacher graduated from teacher school to these schools and implementing the new curriculum in these schools. In Manisa villages opening of iptidai schools which provide education in new method, was accelerated. The letters and lists attached to them sent to the Ministry of Education by Manisa Education Director in 1894-1895 show that iptidai schools were established in the most of Manisa villages. In this study, based on letters and lists sent to the ministry, information will be given about which of villages in Manisa the iptidai schools were established, the male and female population of these villages, the number of male and female student attending the schools, the monthly salaries paid to the teachers, education commissions formed in the villages and the reading and writing level of students.
The Position and Development of the Earl in English Land and Administrative Law
Authors: YAŞAR Şükran
Published: July 2022

İngiliz idare ve toprak yönetiminin en önemli rütbelerinden biri olan Earl kraldan aldıkları güçle İngiltere’de özellikle Anglosakson Çağı’nda en yüksek idarecilerden biri oldu. O kadar güçlendiler ki zaman zaman kralların seçilmesinde dahi rol oynadılar. Dan saldırıları earl pozisyonunda bir takım değişiklikler meydana getirse de earl’ler büyük ölçüde varlıklarını dönüşerek ve güçlenerek sürdürdüler. Emri altındaki milis kuvvetler ve çiftçiler onların birer feodal lord olarak algılanmasına neden olsa da pratikte asla kendilerine biat eden vassallara sahip olmadılar. Dan saldırılarıyla başlayan dönüşüm ise Norman istilasıyla son buldu. Earl’lerin güçlerinin azalması ve ortadan kalkması Normanlar ile birlikte kara Avrupa’sından İngiltere’ye gelen feodalite ile oldu. Bundan sonra Earl unvanı zaman zaman lordluk ve soyluluk anlamında kullanılmaya devam ettiyse de zamanla ortadan kalktı.
Content Analysis of Articles on Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Systems Published in SCI and SCI Expanded Indexed Journals Between 2015-2021
Authors: PALAMUTÇUOĞLU Bedrettin Türker , GERŞİL Mustafa
Published: July 2022

Küresel rekabet koşulları altında işletmelerin varlıklarını sürdürebilmeleri için rekabetçi üstünlüklere sahip olması gerekmektedir. Bunun için işletmelerin üretim süreçlerini kontrol altında tutmaları, otomatikleştirmeleri, insan-makine etkileşimi emniyetli ve verimli hale getirmeleri gerekmektedir. Üretim hatalarını azaltmak, bakım-onarım maliyetlerini azaltmak, gereksiz faaliyetleri ortadan kaldırıp yalın üretim anlayışını uygulamak günümüzde işletmeler için neredeyse kaçınılmaz hale gelmiştir. Son yıllarda yaşanan eklemeli imalat, nesnelerin interneti, bulut bilişim, artırılmış gerçeklik, yapay zekâ gibi teknolojik yenilikler siber-fiziksel sistemlerin ortaya çıkmaya başlamasına neden olmuştur. Bu makalede geleceğin üretim sistemlerinin temelinde yer alacak bu sistemler hakkında çalışmak isteyen bilim insanlarına ve işletmelerin teknik personellerine yol göstermek ve bir çıkış noktası oluşturmak amacıyla 2015 ve 2021 yılları arasında SCI-expanded ve SCI endeksli dergilerde siber-fiziksel üretim sistemleri konulu makalelerin literatür özeti sunulmuştur. Başlangıçta kavramsal çalışmaların daha fazla olduğu ama uygulamalı çalışmalarında hızlı bir artış gösterdiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca dijital dönüşüm sürecinde işletmelerin karşılaştıkları zorlukları ele alan, siber güvenliğe dikkat çeken önemli çalışmalar da göze çarpmaktadır.
Tatlı Bir Uyku: The Cement Garden adlı Romanın Jacques Lacan ve Julia Kristeva’nın Teorik Çerçevesinden Psikoanalitik Bir Okuması
Authors: AKŞEHİR Mahinur
Published: July 2022

Ian McEwan is the writer of the most controversial texts of the contemporary British fiction. One of the outstanding examples of his literature of shock, McEwan’s The Cement Garden, is a challenging narrative in the sense that it depicts the disturbing experiences of a family, ranging from incest to death. The fact that these experiences are narrated through an adolescent boy’s point of view makes these even more controversial in the sense that the depiction of events through this narrator’s view is focalized. Through this focalization, the horrifying events experienced by children are narrated as if they were just ordinary experiences which creates a somehow disturbing effect on the reader. However this disturbance also leads the reader to think that the actions of these children and their relationship to their parents and each other also refer to an underlying symbolism pertaining to their psychic conditions. This article aims to reveal and interpret the novel focusing on this underlying symbolism through the lens of Lacan’s concepts of ‘lack’ and the Symbolic order and Kristeva’s concept of ‘semiotic chora’.