bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial Distribution Expending of National Protected Birds after 10 Years Environmental Recovery in Beijing
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Shi Yang , Huang San Xiang , Bao Wei Dong
Published: August 2013

Environmental protection programs exert strong effects on vegetation and plant conservation; however, few researchers have dealt with the impacts of environmental protection programs on wildlife recovery. We compared the spatial changes in avian species distributions caused by these environmental restoration programs for 63 national key protected bird species by overlaying GIS layers to examine the effects of environmental protection on bird diversity since 2000 in Beijing, China. Generally, these species congregated in areas away from human disturbance and around wetlands, city parks, and woodlands. Class One protected birds appeared to be expanding their ranges although they were sparsely distributed. Two Class One species appeared new to the area after 2000. Several Class Two protected species were also enlarging their ranges and one Class Two species appeared new to the area. The results reveal that the ranges of bird species as well as species diversity of the national key protected birds are increasing as wetlands recover and vegetation conditions improve in the vicinity of Beijing.
The Index System Framework of Soil Environmental Function Regionalization in China
Authors: Liu Zuo Xin , Gu Jian , Zhao Yong Hong , Yin Guang Hua , Hao Liang , Cong Pei Fei
Published: August 2013

soil environment functional area is for the protection of the soil ecological and human utility functions, divided the environmental similarity soil area unit. Soil environmental functions include production security functions, ecological protection function, bearer maintain function. Soil environmental function regionalization ideas are: proposed index system based on the concept of clear soil environmental function regionalization, then functional evaluation, and finally the formation of soil environmental regionalization map. Soil environmental function regionalization indicator framework should include three aspects: production security index system, ecological protection index system, the bearing to maintain index system.
The Research Status of Acid Rain
Authors: Xie Hai Wei , Zhang Yan
Published: August 2013

This paper not only makes a detailed introduction about the research of acid rain including the mechanism of formation, the factor of formation, the harm of acid rain and the analysis, detection and forecast of acid rain, but also points out the problem in the research and the control measure of acid rain.
Complexity Thinking: Problems and Confusions of Eco-Economic Governance of Northern Grassland in China
Authors: Meng Hui Jun , Duo Lan Na , Na Ri Shu
Published: August 2013

Based on the complex mode of thinking and an “ecological-economic-social” multi-dimensional perspective, this paper faces the facts of the current constructive damage to the ecological environment of grassland in China, the continuing validity of ecological investment, and the new resources and environmental problems appeared during the industrialization, as well as the key issues need to be solved in ecological governance of grassland and the incapability of different systematic policies in ecological governance of grassland. It is revealed in this paper the confusions and problems appeared in the eco-economic models in the pastoral area, which aims at detecting the existing defects and institutional origin in current policies, and provides scientific basis for adjusting and completing the mechanism of policies in ecological governance of grassland.
Research on Ecological Integration of Mountain Highway Domain Ecosystems
Authors: Shi Jin Song , Hu Bo , Sun Hou Cou , Wang Qin Tao
Published: August 2013

This paper analyzed the impact of the mountain highway on road domain ecosystems, and defined the concept and content of the road domain ecosystem ecological integration and its relationship with ecosystem health. Based on PSR framework, the ecological integrated measurement model was built. By constructing various subsystems indicators, the road domain ecosystem ecological integration was quantified by using the comprehensive evaluation method. On this basis, this paper divided the ecological integration into four grades: poor, moderate, good and excellent. It provided a theoretical basis for the ecological protection and restoration of the mountain highway construction.
Research on Geological Relic Resources Evaluation and Protection of Qingfengshan Geological Park in Fang County, China
Authors: Yan Zhi Wu , Mao Ling , Luo Wei
Published: August 2013

As important material basis that composes of geological park, geological relic resource is a kind of rare and non-renewable resource. With the characteristics of typicality, scarcity, and integrity, geological relic resources such as Qingfeng Fracture, Qingfeng Grand Canyon and Magmatic intrusion of Qingfengshan Geological Park in Fang County of China, have very high scientific value and aesthetic ornamental value. Turning off small mines enterprises, setting up protective blocks, establishing geological park management mechanism and carrying out other measures can achieve effective protection of the geological relic resources of geological park.
Study on Ecological Integration of Yichang to Badong Highway Domain Ecosystem
Authors: Shi Jin Song , Hu Bo , Sun Hou Cai , Wang Qin Tao
Published: August 2013

This paper analyzed the concept and content of the road domain ecosystem ecological integration and its relationship with ecosystem health. Based on PSR framework, the ecological integrated measurement model was built, which divided the ecological integration into three subsystems, pressure, state and response. By constructing various subsystems indicators, the road domain ecosystem ecological integration was quantified by using the comprehensive evaluation method. On this basis, the ecological integration index was calculated along the highway at different distances of Yichang to Badong highway. The result shows that the road domain ecosystem ecological integration is relative to the distance on both sides of the highway. In the range of 0-5m, the ecological integration index is only 0.0408, which is gradually rising with distance increasing. To the range of 100-200m, the ecological integration index reaches 0.9343, which is close to the normal ecosystems level. This result is mainly related to the road construction disturbance. When it is closer to the road, the interference intensity is greater and the impact on the ecosystem is more obvious, which leads to the worse ecological integration. Conversely, the ecological integration is better.
The Analysis of Environmental Education in Library
Authors: Zeng Rong Yu
Published: August 2013

with the increasingly serious environmental pollution, great importance is attached to the environmental education. Analyzing the necessity of environmental education, the paper explores the function and character of library to reveal the responsibility and advantages of library in environmental education. Given the fact that many problems exist in environmental education of library, this article sets up a national environmental education network by learning relative experience from Russia.
Leaf-Litter Decomposition Dynamic, Carbon Loss and Nutrient Return for Moso Bamboo Forest with Different Litter Mass Accumulation
Authors: Tang Yi Lin , Zhou Ben Zhi , Ge Xiao Gai , Wang Xiao Ming , Li Qian
Published: August 2013

To provide an important basic knowledge for the biogeochemical cycle of bamboo forest ecosystem, particularly the cycling of global carbon, we studied decomposition dynamics of leaf-litter with different mass accumulation in moso bamboo forest. Our study area located in Miaoshanwu nature reserve, Fuyang, Zhejiang province. Based on the survey, we concluded that: (1) the sequence of remaining mass of leaf-litter with different mass accumulation after 240 days' decomposition from the most to the least was in the following order: 30g (58.53%) > 60g (51.92%) > 90g (48.48%), implying that leaf-litter with more mass accumulation decomposed faster in the unit area. (2)The more accumulated leaf-litter lead to more TOC loss in leaf-litter which will not helpful for TOC increase on surface soil carbon pools. This implying that the faster leaf-litter decomposed, the less TOC increased on surface soil carbon pools in 240 day s' observation. (3)The concentration of N, P, K and Ca showed the similar tendency with initially increasing but decreasing gradually in the following stage and then increasing again in the next stage. And concentration of Mg, Fe, Cu and Zn increased gradually in the period of 0-240 days.
Factors Controlling Litterfall Production of Forest in China
Authors: Lv Guo Hong , Zhou Guang Shen , Wang Xiao Ying
Published: August 2013

Litterfall production was shown to have a significant linear relationship with NPP in both natural and planted forests (R2= 0.67, 0.30,P<0.001). Correlation of litterfall production and climatic factors was higher in natural forest than in planted forest. Through correlative and path analyses, it was found that the climatic factors that most affect litterfall production in natural forest are annual mean maximum temperature, annual mean minimum temperature, annual extreme minimum temperature, and relative humidity, but in planted forest, they are annual extreme minimum temperature and annual mean minimum temperature. In both natural and planted forests, climatic factors could not account for the error in litterfall production predicted using the NPP.
The Effect of Stand Age and Climate on Aboveground Biomass Accumulation of Pinus tabulaeformis Forests
Authors: Li Fei , Zhang Hua Yong , Wang Zhong Yu , Su Yang , Han Lu
Published: August 2013

In order to investigate the effect of stand age and climate hydrothermic factors on aboveground biomass accumulation (ABA), data from 65 typical Pinus tabulaeformis forest stands were compiled from published literatures. By means of stepwise multiple regression, the variations in ABA were examined across the range of stand age and gradients of mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT). For comparison, stand age was also used as explaining variable alone. The results show that, stand age and MAP could explain 85.1% of variation in ABA, the predictive power is much better than stand age alone. The explanatory power of stand age and MAP were 70.7% and 15.3% respectively. In comparison with stand age, MAP has a relatively poor but significant effect. ABA is not significantly related to MAT, which implies that water availability is more important than thermal condition for ABA of Pinus tabulaeformis forests.
Effects of Climate Change on Yield of Winter Wheat in Shangqiu
Authors: Liu Jie , Shi Ben Lin
Published: August 2013

The effects of climatic change on winter wheat yield in Shangqiu City are quantitatively analyzed with the predictive results of future climate change. The results show that winter wheat yield in Shangqiu City presented a fluctuated increase for overall trend. Principal component analysis indicates that air temperature, precipitation, evaporation and extreme temperatures are the main factors affecting winter wheat yield, and excessive evaporation and extremely-low temperatures are unfavorable for wheat production. The warm-and-wet climate in Shangqiu is beneficial for improvement of winter wheat production, while the cold-and-dry climate is unbeneficial.
Patterns of Species Diversity across Scales and along the Slope on the Ecotone between the Active Sand Dune and the Inter-Dune Lowland in Horqin Sandy Land, China
Authors: Jiang De Ming , Li Xue Hua , Miao Chun Ping , Zhou Quan Lai , Oshida Toshio
Published: August 2013

To better understand the succession process of vegetation restoration from the active sand dune to the inter-dune lowland, species diversity which refers to species richness and abundance across scales and along the slope were studies in Horqin Sandy Land, China. A 0.25 ha square sampling plot, which sampled on the ecotone, was divided into five grain sizes and equal distance intervals along the slope from the top to the bottom. The results showed that both species abundance and richness increased as the grain sizes increased and along the slope, but the decreasing CV values indicated that species diversity gradually vary from heterogeneity to relatively homogeneity. In conclusion, species abundance and richness showed asynchronous changes and their relationship are more closely across scales than along the slope. Except that, more studies on the biotic and abiotic factors interaction concerning the vegetation patterns of sand dune ecosystems should be conducted. These could not only improve our understanding the mechanisms of vegetation invasion and succession, but also be beneficial for vegetation management and biodiversity conservation in semi-arid sand dune ecosystems.
Research on the Suitability for Different Tea Cultivars Processed into Flat Green Tea
Authors: Luo Fan , Du Xiao , Zeng Qi Guo , Wang Yun , Ma Wei Wei
Published: August 2013

Most of flat tea products lack their characteristics, without competitive.The main reason lies in the lack of attention on different tea cultivars processed into flat tea. This research six main varieties were used to analyse the properties of the shoots, the inner constituents, the fragrance of the tea plants and the sensory evaluation, then systematically evaluated their suitablity in processing into flat tea. Results showed that Mingshanbaihao and TianfuchaNo.11 were the most suitable to be made into flat tea with strong aroma, FuxuanNo.9 and Tezao213 were the most suitable with green color, and Fudingdabaicha was the most suitable with fresh and strong taste. Sichuan Qunti was not suitable to be processed into flat tea, but into tea with a slim and tinny shape. This research provided theoretic foundation for developing characteristic flat tea based on the unique variety resources.
Screening of Antagonistic Bacterium to Control Konjac Soft Rot
Authors: Chen Guo Hua
Published: August 2013

Konjac soft rot is a bottleneck limiting konjac yield caused by bacterial strain of Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora. In order to control konjac soft rot, soil samples were collected, and each sample was spread on surface of a plate seeded with E. carotovora var. carotovora in advance. Strains expressing antagonistic activities were selected and then isolated with streak plate method. One bacterial strain (named Z10) was obtained from soil by this method. In field trials, strain Z10 still showed antagonistic effect against the bacterial pathogen.
Study on Integrated Climatic Index for Low Temperature Injury of Loquat in Putian
Authors: Yang Kai , Chen Bin Bin , Chen Hui , Lin Jing , Wang Jia Yi , Yang Xi Qiong
Published: August 2013

Based on the daily climate data in winter and relative meteorological yield of loquat for 2 meteorological stations in Putian from 1992 to 2009, this paper studied the disaster-inducing factors and integrated climatic index for low temperature injury of loquat. The results showed that the critical temperature for low temperature injury of loquat could be determined as 3.0°C. The disaster-inducing factors included extreme minimum temperature, the sum of daily numbers for less than or equal to 3.0°C, the sustained days of low temperature injury for less than or equal to 3.0°C, and harmful chilling accumulation for less than or equal to 3.0°C, and there were obvious correlations among these factors. According to the method of principal component analysis, an integrated climatic index was obtained. By the correlation analysis of integrated climatic index for low temperature injury and the relative meteorological yield of loquat in Putian, the value of integrated climatic index of low temperature injury was significantly negatively correlated with the yield of loquat, and could be used to analyze the degree of low temperature injury of loquat.
Application of Remote Sensing Technology in the Analysis of Thermal Environment in Dongying City
Authors: Yang Hai Bo , Zhou Li Ping , Li Run Fen
Published: August 2013

Urban thermal environment, as an important reflection of urban ecological environment, is affected strongly by urban land change, especially the loss of green land. By using remote sensing and GIS, two terms of remote images of Dongying city are studied to disclose vegetation coverage and land surface temperature that can reflect urban thermal environment.
Study on Kinetics of Color Changes in Thompson Seedless Grapes during Drying Process
Authors: Dong Yan Hua , Zhang Ruo Yu , Zhang Zhen Tao , Yang Lu Wei , Xue Chang Hu , Wei Juan , Yang Rui Yun
Published: August 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristic of color changes in Thompson seedless grape during drying at 30°C, 35°C and 40°C air temperatures. The CIE LAB color system was used to measure the surface color of the grapes. It was found that browning began at middle period of drying, where parameters L* and b* decreased and parameter a* increased during drying. Color changes during browning process were described as a first-order kinetic model, where the activation energies for the parameters L*, a*, b*, and total color difference were respectively 40.19, 24.29, 35.43, and 39.46 kJ·mol1.
Municipal Infrastructure Projects Management and Decision-Making Support System Based on GIS
Authors: Ru Xu Wei , Zhu Yun Hai , Wu Hong Zhi , Sun Ling Wen
Published: August 2013

On the basis of investigating the business requirement of municipal infrastructure projects management in Jinan City, we designed the Municipal Infrastructure Projects Management and Decision-making Support System. It includes the scheme of the overall system architecture model, data organization and functional design. By the use of ESRI's ComGIS platform and a variety of thematic model components, we realize visualization expediently in the management of municipal infrastructure projects, it also provides spatial analysis and projects evaluation model, which makes management and decision-making of municipal infrastructure projects more scientific, efficient and accurate.
Study on Geo-Disaster Information Management and Forecast System
Authors: Guo Xiu Cai , Li Xiao Peng
Published: August 2013

According to the research on development and regularity of landslides in mountainous area and its formation mechanism, the geological hazard forecasting and early warning models are discussed on the basis of the survey and evaluation method of landslide hazard risk.Relying on the ArcGIS development platform, the geological disaster information management and forecast system is developed based on the data acquisition system,data sharing and publishing system and data management and analysis and assessment system.The management system and software architecture of the system are introduced.Principles of geological disaster forewarning and early warning processes are described detailed.In a word,the geological status can be evaluated dynamically and make it possible to allow us to response rapidly and manage scientificly.
The Analysis on Dynamic Changes of Land Desertification and Salinization Based on RS and GIS
Authors: Lu Chun , Zhang Hui Hui , Ma Chi
Published: August 2013

Abstract:For studying the characters of dynamic changes of land Desertification in Songnen Plain, this paper makes use of remote sensing data and geography information system technology and introduces some characteristic parameters, such as the degree of desertification change, to get the numerical value of these characters. The research result shows that: in 1975-1988, the land area of desertification increases rapidly; the deterioration in the border region of land desertification is stronger than that in the center; and in 1988-2001, the area of desertification decreases slowly, the reversion in the border of desertification is stronger than that in the center, then the tendency of expansion of land desertification been initially contained.
Comparative Analysis of Forest Height Retrieval Methods by Polarimetric SAR Interferometry
Authors: Zhou Zhu Bo , Ma Hong Zhang , Zhu Xiao Bo , Sun Lin
Published: August 2013

The objective of this paper is to compare and analyze the forest height retrieval methods from Polarimetric SAR Interferometry(POLINSAR).Both of the methods based on DEM difference and that on interferometry coherence amplitude are generalized, analyzed, and compared.Also in this paper combined methods of DEM difference and interferometry coherence amplitude are proposed and validated.The ESA fullpolarimetric interferometry L-band data are used for forest height analysis.The results show that the height is severely underestimated using DEM difference method,In constast,interferometry coherence amplitude method has a overest imation of height.The combined method of DEM difference and interferometry coherence amplitude has a much better estimate,closer to the true height than these two methods.
New Progress in the Investigation of Spatial Distribution for SRTM DEM Errors
Authors: Ao Zu Rui , Chang Zhan Qiang , Liu Xiao Meng , Yao Qi
Published: August 2013

The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) is an international research effort that obtains digital elevation models (DEM) over 80% of the Earths land surface. SRTM DEM plays a key role in geosciences and GIS. In order to investigate the vertical accuracy of SRTM DEM, we evaluated the root mean square error (RMSE) of height between SRTM DEM and 1:50,000 scale topographic map within north China, and extracted the related topographic factors including height, slope and aspect. Then, we analyzed the relationship between the topographic factors and SRTM DEM errors. The results show that the SRTM DEM errors not only have a tendency to get larger in areas of large slope and complex topography, but also have a strong correlation with aspect. Furthermore, this correlation appears increasingly strong with great slope.
Research on Spatial Analysis of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Based on GIS - Taking Anqiu City for Example
Authors: Chang Yong , Li Jing , Pan Shu Ying
Published: August 2013

This paper researches on spatial analysis on soil heavy metal pollution based on GIS. Taking Anqiu city for study area, this paper acquired the soil heavy metal pollution data through investigation and sampling.After the analysis on spatial distribution feature and assessment of soil heavy mental pollution of Cd,Pd,Hg,Cr and As in research area, we found that the pollution situation of Pd,Hg,Cr and As were very slight and reached the national standards. But the pollution situation of Cd in some area is some severe. So it is urgent to find the pollution reasons of Cd and make effective measures for soil remediation.This paper is very important to the sustainable development of agriculture in study area.
Analysis on Planning and Design Strategy of Residential Communities at Low-Carbon Situation
Authors: Zhao Xin , Zhao Jian Bin
Published: August 2013

Nowadays massive CO2 emissions has become a serious environmental problem in the world, low carbon consumption has increasingly influenced on the economic development. This paper states the problems in the development of residential communities from three aspects: government, developers and planners at low-carbon situation in China, It also explores the specific strategies of planning and design for residential communities from six aspects: site selection, space layout, road transportation, landscape, public service facilities and architectural design from planners angle to achieve low carbon. As a pilot investigation, authors wish to provide a theoretical basis for the relevant research and practice of the low-carbon development of residential communities.
The Influence of pH on Extraction of PAHs in Environmental Water by Solid Phase Microextraction
Authors: Liu Xiao Xing , Sun Ye Qing , Zhao Jing Ru
Published: August 2013

The solid phase microextraction (SPME) uses a fine fused silica fiber coated with a thin layer to extract directly analytes from samples. The silanol group at silica surface, Si-OH, can be acidic, and may exsit as an Si-O- group at certain pH level, and silica backbone may have cation exchange secondary interactions, attracting cationic or basic analytes of interest. It is necessary that pH optimum for water sample should be adjusted. A 7 μm nonpolar polydimethylsiloxane coating was used to extract polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water such as river water, rainwater, ground water, tap water and accumulated water on farm. The influence of pH on extraction of PAHs in water was investigated, and the optimum pH 6 was affirmed. A GC/MS was used to detect PAHs with the selective ion-monitoring mode. The optimum thermally desorption time of PAHs from the fiber coating was 5 minutes. The precision and the recoveries were ranged from 4 to 13 % RSD and 71 to 114%, respectively, depending on PAHs species. The trace levels of PAHs in environmental water were detected between 0.4~15.4 ng/ml.
The Photocatalytic Behavior of Bismuth Titanate Powders Prepared by the Citric-Combustion Method
Authors: Wang En Guo , Huo Mei Xiang
Published: August 2013

Bismuth titanate powders have been prepared by the citric-combustion method using bismuth nitrate and tetrabutyl titanate as the starting materials, and the effect of sintering temperature and the ratio of bismuth to titanium on their structure and photocatalytic activity was studied. The powders were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic properties of the samples were probed by using the methyl blue as simulated contaminants. The results showed that bismuth titanate powder prepared at 873K has the best photocatalytic activity.
The Development and Protection of Coastal Zone Resources of Qinhuangdao City
Authors: Zhou Qi , Ding Wen Long
Published: August 2013

Qinhuangdao City combines three traditional coastal zone resources, namely, harbor, tourism and fishery. A scheme for the functional zone division of Qinhuangdao City is proposed in this study. It is hoped that our study will contribute to the reasonable utilization of the coastal zone resources, achieve the equilibrium and optimization of economic, social and environmental benefits, as well as the sustainable development of coastal economy of Qinhuangdao City, Our research is based on field survey and thorough data analysis while giving full consideration to the coastal type and resources environment of Qinhuangdao City. Six functional areas are divided, and we separately focus on the distribution, resources advantages, main function and environmental protection of these functional areas. The current status and existing problems of coastal resources development are reviewed. Finally, we propose suggestions concerning the orientation of further coastal resources and provide reference for scientific utilization of coastal resources.
Transformation of the Physical Properties of the Soils of the Industrial Area of Coal-Burning Power Station “Partizanskaya”
Authors: Nazarkina A.V. , Arefieva O.D. , Derbentseva A.M. , Tregubova V.G.
Published: August 2013

Power stations provide a huge influence on the environment. This influence can be diverse and integrated: (1) land avulsion, (2) dusting from the open storage spaces of fuel, ash and slags, (3) huge amounts of ash-slug wastes containing toxic metals. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effect of ash-slug wastes of the coal-burning power station (CBPS) Partizanskaya on the ecological state of soils. Transformation of the physical properties of the soils appears in the increasing fraction of coarse grain size, reducing of the sludge content in the soils, which lowers the surface area of the soils and their sorption properties. Ash particles input to the surface of soil leads to the decrease in their antierosion properties. Water capacity properties of the soils are reduced and with the moisture up to 50% soils can flow. The obtained information about the properties of the abiotic components of the industrial area of the CBPS Partizanskayaash-slags, soils are the first step in studying the environmental situation in this area. One of the possible solutions aimed to improve the environmental situation in the industrial area of the CBPS Partizanskaya is recultivation of the ash dump and development of the technologies for the usage of the ash in the household economy.
Accessing the Urbanization Impacts on Township Environment in Semi-Arid Region of Northwest China by Multi-Disciplined Methods
Authors: Gu Lei , Yang Yong Chun , Li Hao Xu , Zhang Hou Rui , Zhang Bo , Liu Qin Ping
Published: August 2013

The process of urbanization has significant and various impacts on the environment of the earth, either positive or negative. In this paper, multi-disciplined methods such as GIS and bird survey were used to monitor the landscape change and ecosystem transformation by urbanization. The case study in Xiaguanyin Town of Northwest China demonstrated that urbanization can probably have positive environmental influences on a relatively arid place.
Application of GIS Technique in the Distribution of Nutrients in Tropical Arable Land: A Case Study of Longjiang Farm, Hainan Island
Authors: Tang Qun Feng , Jiang Ju Sheng , Liu Zhi Wei , Zhao Chun Mei , Qin Jiang Wei
Published: August 2013

Exploring the distribution of soil pH and nutrients are significant to the sustainable development of tropical agricultural growth. Taking Longjiang Farm in Hainan province as the research plot, and exploring the distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in study area by applying the GIS spatial analysis tools. The results indicated that the soil is acidic and the contents of soil nutrients are varied significantly in research area. The spatial distributions of available Ca, available Mg, available Cu and available Zn were mainly determined by the distributions of soil parent materials. The contents of soil organic matters and total N are escalated gradually from north to south in study area. The spatial analysis tools can be applied to explore the distribution of soil nutrients in areas, which is significant to the regional agricultural planning.
Research of Green Belt Policy in China Based on Compared between China and Scotland
Authors: Wang Peng , Huang Shi Xiang
Published: August 2013

Green belt is a useful method to management growth of a city. It aims to prevent cities from growth irregularly, protect open spaces, provide recreational and educational space and prevent historic towns from urbanization. Green belt policy has been used to deal with the environment problems and nature conservation issues. Scotland has a long history of setting out green belt policy and putting it into practice successfully. This paper focus on comparing the green belt policy differences between Scotland and China based on history and planning system angles. The results of this study indicate that there are several problems during the process of setting and carrying out green belt policy in China. And it suggests that the green belt policy will be much more efficient by reducing planning procedures and increasing participation of local public.
Spatio-Temporal Analysis on Frangible Ecological Environment in the North Mountain Area of Hebei Province
Authors: Huang Zhi Ying , Chen Jing , Liang Yan Qing , Li Can
Published: August 2013

In recent years, due to the differences between natural environment and the human way of life, under the pressure of environment and development, there presented varying degrees of frangibility in different areas. Take the north mountain of Hebei Province as an example to make spatio-temporal analysis, which can provide basis for sustainable development of economic, society and environment. Research results showed that: from the perspective of time series, the overall situation of ecological environment was improved, and the average ecological frangibility index declined by 0.19% from 1987 to 2000, and it declined by 0.77% from 2000 to 2008. From the perspective of space series, the overall state was improved.
Habitat Selection of Emberiza janknowshkii Taczanovski
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Qian Qian , Zhou Chan
Published: August 2013

Jankowskis bunting Emberiza janknowshkii Taczanovski is a glacial relict species. Habitat selection of jankowskis bunting Emberiza janknowshkii Taczanovski was investigated in Keerqin grassland of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that E. janknowshkii had obvious choice of habitat preference. Perch, the coverage of earth surface and height of plant had a significant impact on habitat selection of E. janknowshkii. Therefore, we should strengthen the protection for apricot, reduce human activities, such as cut grass, and protect height and coverage vegetation. And E. janknowshkii should be enclosure protected.
Culture Media for Enhanced Chitinase Production from Serratia marcescens Strain JPP1 and Stability of Crude Enzyme
Authors: Wang Kai , Yan Pei Sheng , Cao Li Xin
Published: August 2013

Serratia marcescens strain JPP1 was isolated from the peanut hulls in Jiangsu Province, China. The strain exhibited antagonistic activity against aflatoxins production and chitinolytic activity by producing chitinases. For chitinase production glucose was identified as best carbon source, peptone as organic nitrogen source while ammonium sulphate as the best inorganic nitrogen source led to the highest chitinase activity. Chitin served as an essential inducer and chitinase production reached the peak level after 1.2% of chitin concentration. The crude chitinase was highly thermostable and had activity in broad pH (2-11) and temperature (30-90°C) range. Ca and Mn ions enhanced the chitinase production, while Na and K were of inhibitory action not more than 5%, and Cu, Zn and Fe ions resulted in drastic enzyme inhibition ranged between 63.7 to 70.5%. Addition of EDTA, mercaptoethanol and Tween 80 had positive effect on chitinase production while SDS decreased the chitinase production by S. marcescens JPP1.
Controlled Synthesis and Gas-Sensing Properties of One Dimensional Zinc Oxide Architectures
Authors: Chen Ru , Liu Dan , Yuan Li Xia , Huang Dian Wu
Published: August 2013

One-dimensional (1D) ZnO nanorods with different shapes and high aspect ratio were successfully synthesized using a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted or sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-assisted hydrothermal process at 90°C for 5h. The surface morphology and structure of nanocrystals were characterized by FE-SEM and XRD. Experimental results showed that the typical morphology of ZnO crystals grown with additive of CTAB was pencil-like rods, while the ZnO crystals grown with SDS showed needle-like rods. The gas sensors had been fabricated using 1D ZnO powders to examine the response towards 40ppm NO2 in the range of operating temperature from 150 oC to 450 oC. Compared with needle-like ZnO crystals, the NO2 gas sensor based on pencil-like ZnO nanostructure had better selectivity at the same gas concentration.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Superfine Mg(OH)2 Crystal
Authors: Wang En De , Wu Ming Gang , Li Chao Shuai , Men Ye Kai , Xia Jian Ming
Published: August 2013

Hexagonal lamellar crystals with 200-500nm in diameter and 50-100nm in thickness and fibrous morphological crystals with 100-300nm in diameter and 10-30μm in lengths are synthesized in hydrothermal conditions using MgCl2 and NaOH as raw materials in this paper. The particles size, morphology and crystal phase of the Mg (OH)2 particles as obtained are characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray (XRD). The results indicated that precursor concentration, temperature and time play an important role in formation of Mg (OH)2 crystals. The Mg (OH)2 particles display hexagonal lamellar morphology, when MgCl2 solution concentration is less than 1.5mol/L. Fibrous crystals are growing, when MgCl2 solution concentration is more than 1.5mol/L. Raising temperature and extending time is in favor of formation of fibrous Mg (OH)2 crystals. A mechanistic interpretation of formation of Mg (OH)2 crystals in hydrothermal condition is postulated. The interpretation that fibrous crystal is converted from hexagonal crystal is proved.
Analysis about Influence on Surrounding Lightning Environment of Communication Base Station Based on One Lightning Disaster
Authors: Zhong Ying Ying , Su Jian , Dong Xi Chun , Liu Hong Yin
Published: August 2013

With the lightning position data in recent years of Jiangsu, satellite and live data on 3rd,July,2012, the reasons for the damage to office room equipment beside a communication base station in Wujin District, Changzhou were analyzed, and reasonable suggestions were given. Based on the lightning accident, this paper analyzed the reasons of lightning strike to buildings near communication base station from weather, lightning strike probability, the validity of lightning protection device and potential. It is mainly because of lightning electromagnetic pulse. Base station can protect the buildings inside the protective area from direct strike, but which increased the possibility of damage to equipment from lightning impulse, at the same time, direct lightning strike probability in the scattered strike zone may increase. Therefore communication base station should be sufficiently far away from the building, when it cant meet a safe distance, not only the direct lightning protection measures should be taken to protect the station and buildings, but also protection measures against lightning electromagnetic pulse for equipment in buildings around are needed.
Risk Prevention and Emergency Countermeasures to Environmental Accidents of Chemical Industry Parks
Authors: Xue Peng Li , Sun Xiao Feng , Song Yun , Cheng Yan Jun , Sun De Zhi
Published: August 2013

Due to the high population density, the environmental accidents would caused the serious social impact and economic loss in China.The chemical parks are the major environmental risk sources. The environmental risk categories are introduced and the corresponding risk prevention measures of chemical industral park to environmental accident are researched in the paper. Moreover, the hazards reduce measures of environmental accidents around the chemical park ,which including the hazardous chemical monitoring, environmental pollution integrated emergency exercise,et al.,are also discussed.
Safety Evaluation and Management of Food Additives by FAO/WHO
Authors: Xu Bo
Published: August 2013

Safety and management of additives used in food have become important issues of public and administrative concern. The most important thing to say is that the use of food additives should be controlled by law. An extensive evaluation on the safety of new additives must be carried out before they are allowed to use in food. This paper discusses the safety evaluation and management system for food additives adopted by the FAO/WHO Codex committees, introduces the internationally standards, guidelines, codes and recommendations established by the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme with the purpose of protecting the health of consumers and ensuring fair practices in the world food trade. The conclusion is that these international standards and codes have become the global reference for national food control agencies in performing their food additive supervision and management responsibilities on behalf of the consumers.
Effect of Mushroom Residue Used in Washed Soil on the Growth of Tomatoes
Authors: Hou Yong Xia , Hu Xiao Jun , Li Yu Shuang , Song Xue Ying , Chen Hong Liang , Yang Ji Song
Published: August 2013

In order to reveal the regulating capacity of mushroom residue on washed soil, pots experiments were carried out. The growth of tomatoes planted on washed soil amended by mushroom residue were measured. Mushroom residue can be helpful to improve the plant height, stem diameter, the aerial parts fresh weight, root fresh weight, leaf photosynthetic rates and photosynthesis, and lay a good foundation for the growth of tomatoes. The effect of mushroom residue is the most significant. Among all the treatments of adding 2.5%, 5%, 10% mushroom residue, adding 10% mushroom residue is the best. It can significantly enhance the growth and photosynthesis of tomatoes, and is among the best of these three soil treatments for washed soil.
Pollution Characterisytics of Stench from Wastewater Treatment System on Penicillin Production
Authors: Du Zhao , Guo Bin , Aisha Aertuke , Ren Ai Ling
Published: August 2013

With portable gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC - MS) each unit tested penicillin wastewater treatment system of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from gas collection pipe. The results show that there are 29 pollutants in gas, including sulfur-containing compounds (90.37%). Large volume concentration H2S (383 ppm), isopropyl mercaptan (30,432 ppb) and acetone (16,024 ppb); H2S (766,000 times), isopropyl mercaptan (40576 times), methyl mercaptan (150 times) beyond their olfactory threshold; H2S (383 times) beyond the TWA threshold. Each unit stench in the sum of the pollutant concentration is range of 47 ~ 2103 ppm. In waste water treatment system, anaerobic treatment unit stench is highest.
The New Methods of Identify Deep Mine Coal or Rock Dynamic Disasters
Authors: Zhang Yong Jiang , Cao Jian Jun , Meng Xian Zheng , Yuan Ben Qing
Published: August 2013

Mine into the deep mining, the power disaster occurs mechanism more complex features fuzzy disasters and hazards common. Outburst and rock burst and other disasters are common differences, the use of traditional coal seam outburst hazard identification method has limitations. According to the kilometers deep test area, the individual indicators law 13-1 coal seam the outburst hazard identification,13-1 coal seam first mining area were identified as non-prominent seam. While outburst identification test area seam burst tendency identification,13-1 coal seam has a strong burst tendentious. The test mine disaster prevention should also consider bumping prevention and control not only consider the gas control. Project research results have important reference conditions similar to mine.
Investigation and Analysis of Fruit Cultivation Base and Farmers' Pesticide Application in Beijing
Authors: Chen Jing , Zhong Xin
Published: August 2013

the study objects of this paper are fruit planting bases and the scattered farmers in Beijing. This text investigates, analyzes, and studies the type of pesticide in fruit planting, using time, frequency of administration, medicine and monitors pesticides quality. The result shows that, in fruit cultivation base, the LSSS, imidacloprid, Cypermethrin, carbendazim are highly used and famers spray pesticides using pressure spray gun pesticide .Frequency of low-toxic pesticide is not more than 4 times / year, and in different development stages of fruit trees pesticide types will be targeted selected, and the safety time of medicine control will be given at intervals of 15 days but ultimately we dont take pesticide residues as a basis for sale. The scattered farmers, except for spraying, also inject pesticide in fruit tree, they often select dichlorvos and Jinba mites because of the relatively low price and the famers will give 5 to 10 days of controlling drugs, but there is no pesticide residues detection to ensure the same period. In addition, recommendations are also put forward according to the different units of fruit quality inspection in this paper.
Review of Distribution Characteristics and Sources of Volatile Organic Compound in Atmosphere
Authors: Xiong Zhen Hua , Qian Feng , Feng Xue , Su Rong Rong , Zeng Yu
Published: August 2013

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) have many sources, and they have effects on ecology and human health, which has aroused extensive attentions of many researchers. The Chinese and other countries studies in VOCs in atmosphere focused on detecting concentrations and compositions, sources apportionment, secondary pollutants transformation, health effects and other aspects. In the present paper, VOCs level in atmosphere, distribution characteristics and sources apportionment of VOCs in atmosphere were reviewed, the current studies results of VOCs in atmosphere were summarized.
Application of T-S Fuzzy Neural Network in the Assessment of River Ecosystem Health
Authors: Hao Zhen Chun , Liu Xiao Li , Ju Qin
Published: August 2013

Healthy river ecosystem has been acknowledged as the object of river management, which is crucial for the sustainable development of cities. Simple and practical evaluation methods with great precision are necessary for the evaluation of river ecosystem health. Fuzzy system has been widely used in evaluation and decision making for its simple reasoning and the adoption of experts knowledge. However, much artificial intervention decreases the precision. Neural network has a strong ability of self-leaning while it is not good at expressing rule-based knowledge. The T-S fuzzy neural network model combines the advantages of fuzzy system and neural network. In this paper, the T-S fuzzy neural network model was used to establish a river ecosystem health evaluation model. Results show that the combination of T-S fuzzy model and neural network eliminates the influences of subjective factors and improve the final precisions efficiently.
Research about the System of Resources Orderly Utilization in Resource-Exhausted City of our Country
Authors: Cheng Wei , Fan Jia Li
Published: August 2013

In order to realize the sustainable development of resource-based cities, we must solve all kinds of contradictions and problems that resource-based cities encountered, and if we want to solve these problems, we must establish a series of bylaws and regulations.This paper talks resource-exhausted cities in the legislation from establishing resources orderly utilization system. We use the legislation to use orderly the resources of the resource-exhausted cities from the four aspects which is survey, mining, processing and save.
Effects of Copper Stress on Nitrogen Metabolism in Metallicolous and Non-Metallicolous Populations of Rumex dentatus L.
Authors: Huang Wu Xing , Huang Yu , Ren Cong
Published: August 2013

Two Rumex dentatus populations, one from copper (Cu) mine and the other from uncontaminated site, were studied for plant growth, Cu accumulation and nitrogen metabolism under Cu stress. At control, nitrate content in leaves and roots of metallicolous population (MP) showed little difference from those of non-metallicolous population (NMP). At 10 μM Cu treatment, nitrate content in leaves and roots of MP were significantly higher than those of NMP. Cu treatments significantly reduced nitrate reductase activity in leaves and roots of NMP compared with the controls while not in MP. Shoot and root biomass of NMP were inhibited more significantly than those of MP. Cu concentration in shoot and root of NMP were higher than those of MP both at control and under Cu stress. These results suggested less Cu absorbed and efficient nitrogen metabolism in MP might be partly reasons why R. dentatus can colonize Cu enriched soils.
Ecological Compensation in China - Progress, Problems and Prospects
Authors: Chang I Shin , Yang Yan Xia , Wu Jing , Shi Ming Min
Published: August 2013

Ecological compensation is an essential tool for internalizing environmental costs, rationalizing natural resource utilization, alleviating the conflicts between stakeholders, and providing capital for ecological restoration and environmental remediation. Due to irrational allocation and unequal distribution of environmental and economic benefits between stakeholders, there are urgent needs to establish a sound and effective ecological compensation mechanism. In China, ecological compensation was initiated in the 1990s solely to address compensation for forest ecological benefits. Without corresponding laws, regulations, policies, and market mechanism, there are many problems and obstacles to be overcome. In this study, researches on the progress, problems, and prospects of ecological compensation in China were conducted based on theoretical foundations, legal basis, experience acquired, market demands, and Chinese situations. Then, some suggestions were provided to enhance the sustainability of ecological compensation in China.