bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Needles in the Pay Stack ADNOC Exploring Tight-Oil Rock, Triples Production In First Pilot
Authors: Jacobs Trent
Published: January 2021

In the midst of an industry downturn last year, the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) reached a new oil production ceiling of 4 million B/D. The UAE’s largest producer has no intentions of slowing down.

By decade’s end, ADNOC expects to have raised its maximum daily output by another million barrels.

To cross that milestone, the company has set its sights on mastering the tight, thin, and unconventional formations that dot the UAE’s subsurface landscape.

One of the places where such developments are hoped to unfold soon is known as Field Q.

Found in southeastern Abu Dhabi, Field Q sits above a tight carbonate reservoir that holds an estimated 600 million bbl of oil. But with a permeability ranging from 1 to 3 millidarcy and poor vertical communication, the reservoir and its barrels have proven difficult to cultivate economically - until recently.

ADNOC has published new details of its first onshore pilot of a “fishbone stimulation” that involved using more than a hundred hollow needles to pierce as far as 40 ft into the reservoir rock. The additional drainage netted by the fishbone needles boosted production threefold in the test well, as compared with its traditionally completed neighbors on the same pad.

ADNOC ran the pilot in the summer of 2019 and by the end of the year saw enough production data to launch a wider 10-well pilot that remains underway. Based on a longer-term data set from these wells, the company will decide whether to leap into a fieldwide deployment of the niche completions technology.

In the meantime, the petrotechnical team in charge of the test projects have issued roundly positive reviews of the fishbone technique in two recently presented technical papers (SPE 202636; SPE 203086) from the Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference (ADIPEC).

“There is a chance that the fishbone-stimulated wells can avoid the drilling of multiple wells targeting different sublayers in the same zone,” said Rama Rao Rachapudi, listing one of several of the technology’s advantages over other approaches that were considered.

The senior petroleum engineer with ADNOC, who is one of several authors of the papers that cover both the drilling and completions aspects of the pilot, shared during ADIPEC that his onshore team found motivation to test the technology after bringing in a batch of dis-mal appraisal wells.

The fishbone system, also known as multilateral jetting stimulation technology, has been a specialized application ever since it was introduced just over a decade ago.

Underscoring the potential impact of the current round of pilots on the technology’s adoption rate, ADNOC noted there were only around 30 worldwide fishbone deployments prior to this project. Most of those have been in the Middle East’s naturally fractured and layered carbonate formations - just like those of Field Q.
Data-Mining Approach Evaluates Production Performance in the Permian Basin
Authors: Carpenter Chris
Published: January 2021

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper URTeC 198192, “Production Performance Evaluation From Stimulation and Completion Parameters in the Permian Basin: Data-Mining Approach,” by Mustafa A. Al-Alwani, SPE, and Shari Dunn-Norman, SPE, Missouri University of Science and Technology, and Larry K. Britt, SPE, NSI Fracturing, et al., prepared for the 2019 SPE/AAPG/SEG Asia Pacific Unconventional Resources Technology Conference, 18–19 November, Brisbane, Australia. The paper has not been peer reviewed.

The complete paper uses 3,782 unconventional horizontal wells to analyze the effect of proppant volume and the length of the perforated lateral on short- and long-term well productivity across the Permian Basin. Tying cumulative production to completion and stimulation practices showed that increasing pumped proppant per well from 5 million to less than 10 million lbm yielded a 34% increase in 5-year cumulative average barrels of oil equivalent (BOE). Raising the pumped proppant per well to 10 million-15 million lbm and 15 million-20 million lbm increased 5-year cumulative BOE from the previous proppant range group to 27% and 18.5%, respectively.

Introduction

For this study, stimulation chemical data from Permian (Midland) Basin wells were downloaded from FracFocus for all horizontal wells completed and stimulated between 2012 and 2018. The data were then subjected to rigorous cleaning and processing, a process detailed in the complete paper, and then combined with DrillingInfo completion and production parameters. Combining these data provided ample parameters for stimulation, completion, and production data. The objective of the study was to investigate the production performance of Permian Basin wells as a result of different ranges of stimulation and completion parameters.

Fig. 1 shows a database representation of the major counties in the Permian Basin with the number of wells in each county.

Results and Discussion

To substitute for any quantities of produced gas, all production data have been converted to BOE by using the conversion factor of 1 BOE=6 Mcf. The amount of proppant being pumped and the length of the perforated lateral length have been selected to represent the stimulation size and the completion magnitude, respectively.
Realization of a polarization-insensitive optical frequency-domain reflectometer using an I/Q homodyne detection
Authors: Jd Alin , Soto Marcelo A. , Enachescu Marius , Ziegler Dominik
Published: January 2021

We report on the development and implementation of an optical frequency-domain reflectometer (OFDR) sensing platform. OFDR allows to measure changes in strain and temperature using optical fibers with a length of several tens of meters with very high spatial resolution. We discuss the operation principles and challenges to implement an OFDR system using optical homodyne detection based on a dual-polarization 90º optical hybrid. Our setup exhibits polarization and phase diversity, fully automated data acquisition and data processing using a LabVIEW-based implemented software environment. Using an optical hybrid enables to discriminate phase, amplitude and polarization by interfering the Rayleigh scatter signal and a local oscillator with four 90° phase stepped interferences between the two signals. Without averaging and a fast acquisition time of 230 ms, our preliminary results show a spatial resolution of 5 cm and a temperature resolution of about 0.1 Kelvin on a 3 m-long fiber.
Transcriptome and metabolomic analyses reveal regulatory networks and key genes controlling maize stomatal development in response to blue light
Authors: Liu Tiedong , Zhang Xiwen
Published: January 2021

Background: Blue light is helpful in the formation of maize stomata, but the signal network is still unclear. We replaced red light with blue light in an experiment, and provided a complementary regulatory network for the stomatal development of maize by using transcriptome and metabolomic analyses. Results: The blue light led to 1296 differentially expressed genes and 419 different metabolites. Transcriptome comparisons and correlation signaling network analysis detected and identified 55 and 6 key genes, respectively, which regulate the responses of stomata to the substituted blue light in environmental adaption and signaling transduction pathways. Two genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis and starch and sucrose metabolism participate in stomatal development as identified by transcriptome and metabolomic analyses. Conclusions: Blue light remarkably changed the network signal transduction and metabolites, and the new genes played important role in the formation of maize stomatal development network.
SDGs and the ability to manage change within the European green deal: The case of Ukraine
Authors: Shevchenko Hanna , Petrushenko Mykola , Burkynskyi Borys , Khumarova Nina
Published: January 2021

The European Green Deal by the European Commission is an ambitious policy aimed at achieving a climate-neutral economy. For Ukraine, the EGD is a priority in accelerating its European integration processes until 2030. The study aims to determine the country’s ability to manage change towards the implementing the concept of sustainable development, adjusted in accordance with the European Green Deal’s provisions, based on the analysis of SDG achievements in Ukraine, as well as on the identified quantitative results of readiness for change. The ability to manage change is determined by applying methods of analysis and generalization of descriptive statistics related to aspects of sustainable development and the EGD, as well as quantifying intermediate and final integral values of change management in Ukraine in the EGD context. The relationship between the SDGs and the EGD provisions on the “need for very high sustainability – sufficiency of weak sustainability” continuum was prioritized. The proposed provisions of the cooperation program provide for a thorough analysis of Ukrainian, European and global trends in the field of climate change and relevant sustainable development policies, use of statistical data, constant monitoring of indicators characterizing the dynamics of socio-economic, environmental and demographic status of the state and regions in connection with climate change, generalization of the experience of a climate-neutral economy, green energy, European integration processes, etc. The program is interdisciplinary in nature, which allows to get a comprehensive vision and provide a systematic solution to the problem of transforming the national economy in accordance with the European Green Deal.
AcknowledgmentThe paper contains the results of research conducted under the President of Ukraine’s grant Formation and Use of Natural-Resource Assets of the Recreational and Tourism Sphere (0120U100159).
Elektrik Kontak Kesicilerde Kullanabilmek için Aşınma Dirençli Polimer ve Polimer Kompozit Malzemelerin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÜNAL Hüseyin Ünal , YETGİN Salih Hakan Yetgin
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışma, elektrik sektöründe kontak kesicilerde aşınma direnci en iyi olan malzeme çiftini belirlemek için yapılmıştır. Aşınma deneyleri için pim-disk aşınma test cihazı kullanılmıştır. Bunun için çalışmada, disk malzemesi olarak %25 oranında uzun cam elyaf takviyeli ve %40 kalsiyum karbonat katkılı doymamış polyester esaslı termoset kompozit malzeme (%25CE+%40CaCO3+UPET) kullanılmıştır. Pim malzemeler olarak ise, katkısız poli-eter-sülfon (PES) polimeri, stiren-butadien-stiren elastomer katkılı ve %30 cam elyaf takviyeli poli-fenilen-eter (PPE+SBS+%30CE) kompoziti ve %15 cam elyaf takviyeli poli-butilen-tereftalat/poli-etilen-tereftalat karışımı kompozit (PBT/PET+%15CE) malzemeleri kullanılmıştır. Tribolojik deneyler, kuru kayma şartları altında ve oda sıcaklığında gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Deneyler, 0,707, 1,415, 2,123 ve 3,538 MPa basınç altında ve 0,5 m/s kayma hızında yapılmıştır. Aşınma ve sürtünme deneyleri sonucunda, malzemelerin sürtünme katsayısı ve spesifik aşınma hızları belirlenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen deneyler sonucunda, en yüksek aşınma hızı katkısız PES polimerinde elde edilirken en düşük aşınma hızı ise PPE+SBS+%30CE kompozitinde elde edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen deneyler sonucunda kontak kesicilerde kullanmak için PPE+SBS+%30CE/%25CE+%40CaCO3+UPET termoset kompozit çifti en uygun malzeme çifti olarak belirlenmiştir.
Çimento Üretim Sektöründe ISO 14001 Çevre Yönetim Sisteminin Enerji Kazanımı ve İklim Değişikliği Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SARI Bülent , GEYİK Şeyda Y. , KESKİNKAN Olcayto
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada çimento sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir endüstriyel firmada ISO 14001 Çevre Yönetim Sisteminin enerji kazanımı ve iklim değişikliği üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. CO2 emisyonunun engellenmesine ek olarak, fosil yakıt kazancı elde edilerek de doğal kaynakların verimli kullanımına katkı sağlanmıştır. Çimento endüstrisi üretim sürecinde ön ısıtıcı ve soğutucudan çıkan ısının yeniden kullanımı ve atık malzemelerin geri kazanımı ile enerjiden büyük oranda tasarruf edilebileceği bu çalışmada ortaya konulmuştur. Enerji verimliliğinin iyileştirilmesinin, elektrik ve yakıt tüketiminden kaynaklı CO2 salınımını azalttığı ve ISO 14001 yönetim sistemi kapsamında enerji tüketimleri ve emisyon salımlarının değerlendirilmesi ile CO2 emisyonunun 6811,87 ton oranında azaldığı bulunmuştur. Böylece atmosfere yapılan ton cinsinden CO2 salımının engellendiği ve hedeflerde bu oranın düştüğü hesaplanmıştır. Kurulan yönetim sistemi ile firma bünyesinde proaktif çevre kültürü oluşturulmaya başlanmış ve bunun sonucunda iklim değişikliğine olumlu katkı sunan sonuçlar alınmaya başlanmıştır.
Ülkemiz Madencilik Sektöründe Görülen Meslek Hastalıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: EROL İlknur
Published: January 2021

Madencilik iş kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarına sebep olan tehlike ve risk faktörleriyle çok sık karşılaşılan sektörlerin başında gelmektedir. İş sağlığı ve güvenliğinin temel amaçlarından birisi çalışma ortamında çalışanların sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebilecek risk etmenlerinden çalışanları korumak ve meslek hastalıklarını önlemektir. Bu çalışmada, meslek hastalıklarına neden olan etkenler ile madencilik sektöründe görülen meslek hastalıklarına sebep olabilecek tehlike ve risk faktörleri incelenmiştir.
Ülkemizde 2010-2018 yılları arasında madencilikte ve diğer sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren işletme, çalışan ve meslek hastalıkları sayılarındaki değişim analiz edilmiştir. Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu’na bildirilen meslek hastası ile çalışan sayılarına göre beklenen meslek hastası sayıları arasında büyük fark olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu hastalıklar ile mücadele konusunda korunma politikaları önerilmiştir.
The Effect of Weather Conditions and Some Demographic Data on the Confirmed COVID-19 Cases: Analysis for 12 Statistical Regions of Turkey
Authors: SARAÇ Selin Saraç , KOYUNCU Melik
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 has been affecting the world since the beginning of 2020. Although current evidence indicates that the virus spreads through contaminated objects or close contact with infected individuals, there is limited research on under what conditions the virus spreads faster. This study is conducted to reveal the relationship between COVID-19 cases and meteorological conditions and also some demographic characteristics. For this goal, real-feel air temperature, humidity, and wind speed; analyzed as meteorological parameters. The number of individuals over the age of 65, the education level of the individuals, and the population density are also considered as demographical parameters. The analyses are conducted based on Spearman’s correlation coefficients. The results proved that the positive correlation was calculated for real-feel air temperature, wind speed, population density, and the number of individuals over 65, whereas negatively correlated with humidity.
Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV Transmission: What Do We Know?
Authors:   The University of Zambia, Makasa Mpundu , Michelo Charles ,   The University of Zambia
Published: January 2021

Sexually transmitted infections have remained a public health problem mainly in the developing world, where the burden of HIV is also high. Effects of sexually transmitted infections can be devastating and have also been shown to enhance transmission of HIV. The risk of transmission depends on the type of infection, whether it presents with an ulcer or it is it is only inflammatory. Mixed infections further increase the probability of HIV transmission, making the overall risk even higher. Understanding the dynamics of transmission is important. It is also essential to know which groupsof people are more at risk as this is fundamental in designing appropriate control interventions. This article gives an overview of sexually transmitted infections, and gives insight on their association with HIV infection, transmission risks and some control based interventions. In addition we also aimed to increase the understanding of where preventive and management gaps may still exist and in what contexts
Study Protocol on Availability and Accessibility of Personal Protective Equipment: Fears of Acquiring COVID-19 Among Nurses and Midwives Attending to Women at the Women and New Born Hospital and First Level Hospitals, in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors:   Department of Midwifery, Women and Child Health, School of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Mayimbo Sebean , Chitundu Kabwe , Zulu Mutinke ,   Department of Midwifery, Women and Child Health,School of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Mushamba Deborah Nayame ,   Women and Newborn Hospital, University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka, Zambia, Mwape Lonia ,   Mental Health Nursing Department,School of Medicine, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia, 6Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, School of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, Mukwato Patricia Katowa ,   Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, School of Nursing Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
Published: January 2021

Background: COVID-19 emerged from Wuhan city, Hubei province of China and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in January, 2020. Pregnant women have not been spared from this pandemic thereby putting at risk the nurses and midwives who take care of such women considering the close proximity of care especially during delivery. At the heart of the pandemic, fear is heightened among nurses as frontline workers due to unavailability of personal protective equipment. This study aims to assess the availability and accessibility of personal protective equipment and fears of acquiring COVID-19 among nurses and midwives attending to women at the Women and New Born Hospital and First Level Hospitals, in Lusaka, Zambia.Methodology: Nurses and midwives (n = 384) attending to women in maternity wards at the Women and Newborn Hospital and five (5) first level health facilities in Lusaka, Zambia will answer a monkey survey whose link will be sent via a WhatsApp group. They will answer questions on the socio demographic variables, availability and accessibility of PPEs and will be assessed for anxiety levels using the Form Y State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Data will be analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0. Chi-square will be used on nominal and ordinal level variables and Pearson correlation will be used on interval and ratio level variables to determine the association between availability and accessibility of personal protective equipment and the levels of anxiety and depression. Conclusion:The findings from this study may be key for information on accessibility and availability of personal protective equipment use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Information on levels of anxiety among nurses and midwives will guide stakeholders on the need of mental health wellness among the caregivers
Relationship of Physiotherapy Intervention and the Level of Community Reintegration of Stroke Survivors In Accra, Ghana
Authors:   Physiotherapy  Department,  National  Hospital,  Abuja,  Nigeria., Yusuf Dorcas Kyela , Kwakye Samuel Koranteng ,   West  Africa  Football Academy, Sogakope, Ghana, Quartey Jonathan ,   Department of Physiotherapy, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana / School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Netherlands / Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, UK
Published: January 2021

Background: Stroke is one of the major causes of death and disability in the world. During rehabilitation, there appears to be little or no emphasis placed on reintegrating the stroke survivors into their communities.The study sought out to determine the relationship between physiotherapy and the level of community reintegration among stroke survivors.Method: This observational study involved51 stroke survivors referred to physiotherapy departments of selected hospitals in Accra. Participants completed the Reintegration to Normal Living Index and the Modified Rankin Scale at baseline and after 8 weeks of physiotherapy sessions. Wilcoxon’s test was used to assess the difference between the baseline and end point scores for reintegration and disability while Chi square and Spearman correlation were used to test for associations between physiotherapy intervention and community reintegration. A p-value of 0.05 was set.Results: The mean reintegration score at baseline was 55.5±17.00 and 76±14.00 at end point (p = 0.001) while the mean disability score at baseline was 3.43±0.67 and 2.31±0.68 at end point (p = 0.001) showing a significant level of improvement from baseline to endpoint of the reintegration and disability scores. There was a low association between duration of stroke (p=0.008) and duration of physiotherapy (p=0.038) with regards to reintegration 8 weeks post physiotherapy.Conclusion: Physiotherapy plays a role in the reintegrating of stroke survivors into their communities. Incorporation of community reintegration into rehabilitation programmes for stroke survivors could be useful. Efforts to include physiotherapy to reintegrate stroke survivors could therefore be strengthened
Results Based Financing in Zambia: Performance Evaluation and Exploration of Opportunities in Health System Adoption
Authors:   Department of Public Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Lusaka, Mayeya Mayeya Paul , Chitangala Fredrick Mulenga
Published: January 2021

Background–Results Based Financing has strategically fit into discussions of the Universal Health Coverage agenda at global level with the aim of meeting the Sustainable Development Goals. It has been viewed that Results Based Financing is a potent financing model and can be used as a strategic tool for remodeling the health systems in many developing countries as suggested by prior studies which argued that Results Based Financing implementation requires: (i) a strong management support and political will; (ii) maximum innovative efficiencies and willingness for change; and (iii) strengthened health management information and reporting systems. Therefore, this study aimed at understanding how Results Based Financing approaches can be scaled-up by exploring the Successes, Challenges and Opportunities of adopting it into the health system from its project form.Methods -A case study design was used for this research with a quantitativedata collection approach. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results-The Results Based Financingprogramme improved all the indicators targeted in Lunte District Health facilities. The successes of the project included improved quality of health care services and strengthened health system. A notable challenge for Results BasedFinancing implementers was poor performance of non-incentivized indicators compared with the incentivized. However, an opportunity was seen with the project in that other financing models were discussed to either mimic or simply use Results Based Financing tools, pool funds in one basket and apply the concept. Results Based Financing improved efficiency and effectiveness based on results that health facilities learnt how to manage funds, shown by 67% of respondents, and commitment to re-investment 60% of their bonuses back into the system.Conclusion-Results based financing can be regarded as a model for harmonizing other donor funds and drive forward the financial sustainability of being a successful financing strategy for the health sector
Study Protocol on HIV Positive Diagnosis During Pregnancy: Experiences and Coping Strategies Used by Women at Chilenje Level 1 Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
Authors:   University of Zambia, School of Nursing, Nambala-Sianchapa Brenda , Katowa-Mukwato Patricia ,   University of Zambia, School of Nursing, Ngoma Catherine ,   University of Zambia, School of Nursing
Published: January 2021

Background: The HIV can be passed from an infected mother to her un-born child. Therefore, in an effort to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of the virus, pregnant women have to undergo HIV testing. A diagnosis of HIV during pregnancy is stressing to the woman because of its lack of cure, and it can add to the stress of pregnancy that she is already experiencing. We aim to determine the effects of an HIV positive diagnosis during pregnancy and the coping strategies used by women at Chilenje level 1 Hospital.Methodology: We intend to use a concurrent mixed methods research design.The quantitative part will use longitudinal descriptive design, and the qualitative part will use interpretive phenomenological design. We intend to collect data from the same participants in three stages by using panel studies to yield better data for testing and understanding the effects of an HIV diagnosis during pregnancy and the coping strategies that women use. Sample size for the quantitative part (n=103) will be calculated using Cochran’s formula while the qualitative part will have a sample size of 20, as guided by theories from Thomson et al 2011. Women will be assessed for stress levels using the Perceived Stress scale adapted from Cohen, 1983, and the coping strategies will be classified using the Coping Strategy Indictor adapted from Armikhan, 1990. In-depth interviews will be conducted to determine the experiences of women diagnosed HIV positive during pregnancy.Data will be analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0, Chi-square will be used to test for associations between coping strategies and the independent variables (physiological health, psychosocial and spiritual support), and independent t-test will be used to test for association between stress levels and the independent variables. (Physiological health, psychosocial and spiritual support). Data will be merged at discussionConclusion:Findings from this study may be important in developing guidelines for caring for women diagnosed HIV positive during pregnancy in order that they and their babies can live healthy lives. This will be done by developing a tool that will be used to help them cope positively and reduce on stress and other problems that will come about due to the diagnosis of HIV.
Unsteady flow of gas at high pressure into a closed volume filled with liquid
Authors: Alekseev Maksim V. , Vozhakov Ivan S. , Lezhnin Sergey I.
Published: January 2021

Within the framework of 2D (two-dimensional, axisymmetric) and 3D (three-dimensional) formulations of the problem, this article presents a numerical simulation of the process of gas outflow under pressure into a closed container partially filled with liquid. The authors have performed the numerical modeling using the open platform OpenFOAM with the help of a solver based on the method of liquid volumes (VOF method) with a standard k-e turbulence model. A comparison is made with the one-dimensional (1D) asymptotic model, in which the oscillations of the fluid as a whole are determined by the enthalpy balance.
A numerical study of the evolution of pressure during gas outflow is carried out. The results show that the physical properties of the fluid used affect the amplitude and frequency of the pulsations. The modeling has shown that gas flows into water in the form of a jet, and a projectile forms in liquid lead near the hole through which it flows out. The significant influence of three-dimensional effects on the evolution of gas outflow into liquid is demonstrated. Satisfactory agreement was obtained for both two-dimensional and three-dimensional calculations and the results obtained using the asymptotic model. For the “gas — water” system, the results of calculations by the asymptotic model give a significant difference from the results of numerical calculations.
INFORMATION SYSTEM OF THE TEST BENCH FOR DRIVING GAS TURBINE ENGINES
Authors: Shabarov Alexander B. , Moiseev Alexander M. , Belov Mikhail S. , Achimov Andrey A.
Published: January 2021

This article studies the problem of determining the technical condition of drive and energetic gas turbine engines (GTE) during acceptance tests that have been repaired at a specialized enterprise. The following descriptions are given: of the bench for testing drive and energetic gas turbine engines; of the bench systems for monitoring and measurement, methods for conducting acceptance tests; of the evaluation the quality of the repaired engine based on its thermogasdynamics parameters; of the processing of measurement results obtained during acceptance tests. The materials of the system of differential (subassembly) diagnostics of GTE are generalized. The authors have considered the features of diagnostics of transient modes of GTE. The authors suggest the transition from the engine node to its elements as one of the ways to further improve the differential diagnostics, which has required developing the technique and system of pressure and temperature measurement at inlet and outlet of stage axial compressor. An algorithm for differential (element-by-element) engine diagnostics is described using the example of an axial compressor stage.
Копинг-стратегии одаренных подростков с разным уровнем субъективного контроля
Authors: Зинченко Елена В. , Алтынова Анна А.
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматривается проблема копинга у одаренных детей. Авторы обращают внимание на популярность тенденции оказания помощи для развития способностей одаренных подростков, в виде мощной внешней поддержки со стороны государства и создания благоприятных условий для их обучения, и определяют актуальность проблемы психологического сопровождения одаренных. Важную роль в достижении успеха обучающимися играет их психологическая устойчивость перед стрессовыми ситуациями, с которыми они постоянно сталкиваются. В статье дается теоретический анализ литературы по данной проблеме.

Исследование копинг-стратегий одаренных подростков и уровня их субъективного контроля осуществлялось с помощью тестирования (опросник «COPE» в адаптации Е. И. Рассказовой, Т. О. Гордеевой, Е. Н. Осина; методика «УСК» Е. Ф. Бажина, Е. А. Голынкиной, Л. М. Эткинда), метода описательной статистики и математического метода обработки данных.

Основными результатами исследования явились выводы о том, что одаренные дети предпочитают продуктивные копинг-стратегии, они склонны планировать решение проблемы и активно справляться с трудностями в стрессовой ситуации. Авторами дается описание различий в использовании копинг-стратегий одаренными подростками с экстернальным и интернальным локусами контроля. Исследование гендерных особенностей в применении копинг-стратегий показало значимые различия между одаренными девушками и юношами в четырех способах совладания: мысленный уход от проблемы, концентрация на эмоциях, использование эмоциональной социальной поддержки и использование «успокоительных». Отмечается, что одаренные девушки имеют более высокий уровень субъективного контроля над значимыми ситуациями, чем юноши. В заключение сделан вывод о необходимости разработки психологической коррекционной программы для формирования продуктивных копинг-стратегий у одаренных подростков с экстернальным типом локуса контроля.
Современные исследования эмоционального интеллекта в отечественной психологии
Authors: Литвиненко Виктория А. , Обухова Юлия В.
Published: January 2021

Авторами обосновывается актуальность изучения эмоционального интеллекта, приводятся показатели популярности и востребованности изучения эмоционального интеллекта в мире и в России по запросам из базы SciVal.

Проведен обзор отечественных научных публикаций по проблематике эмоционального интеллекта на примере анализа 24-х научных статей (3 – информационно-аналитических, 16 – эмпирических и 5 – методических) из 14-ти журналов, включенных в перечень рецензируемых изданий, рекомендованных ВАК (по 19.00.00 – Психологические науки, с 2015 по 2020 г.). Анализ публикаций осуществлялся по следующим разделам: жанр публикаций, эмпирический объект исследования, исследовательские методы и методики, области и темы исследования.

В результате было установлено, что эмоциональный интеллект изучается вместе с другими феноменами, такими как: психические состояния, индивидные и личностные особенности, профессиональное выгорание, стратегии совладающего поведения, удовлетворенность и эффективность в разных сферах жизнедеятельности. Наибольшее внимание исследователей уделялось изучению взаимосвязи эмоционального интеллекта с личностными особенностями. Объектом эмпирических исследований преимущественно являлись производственные и образовательные малые группы, а сбор эмпирических данных проводился с помощью разных психологических методов (психологическое тестирование, констатирующий эксперимент, полуструктурированное интервью, контент-анализ ответов, аппаратурные методы) и методик, среди которых наиболее часто применялись тесты-опросники.

В заключение делается вывод о том, что уровень эмоционального интеллекта определяет успешность в учебной и трудовой деятельности, а также влияет на эффективность социального взаимодействия. Обозначены прикладные аспекты изучения эмоционального интеллекта. Приведены перспективы дальнейшего собственного эмпирического исследования, отражающего влияние эмоционального интеллекта на стратегии учебно-профессиональной карьеры студентов вуза.
Особенности агрессивности младших подростков с разным уровнем личностной тревожности
Authors: Прошкина Зоя А. , Звездина Галина П.
Published: January 2021

Статья посвящена изучению агрессивности младших подростков с разным уровнем личностной тревожности. Во введении актуализирована проблема изучения половозрастных различий агрессивности младших подростков с разным уровнем личностной тревожности.

В основной части работы осуществлен анализ зарубежных и отечественных исследований, касающихся темы агрессивности и тревожности, особенностей социализации данной возрастной группы, формирования гендерной идентичности в младшем подростковом возрасте. Приведены и проанализированы внешние причины и условия формирования агрессивных реакций младших подростков обоего пола с разным уровнем личностной тревожности в ответ на предъявляемые к ним средовые требования. Проведено эмпирическое исследование с применением психодиагностических методик Ч. Д. Спилбергера, А. Басса и А. Дарки, Э. Вагнера; полученные данные проанализированы с применением методов математической статистики.

Результаты проведенного эмпирического исследования позволили установить статистически достоверные различия в проявлениях агрессивности младших подростков разного пола со сходным уровнем личностной тревожности, а также – в проявлениях агрессивности младших подростков с разным уровнем личностной тревожности. Были установлены статистически достоверные связи проявлений агрессивности младшими подростками-мальчиками в зависимости от уровня их личностной тревожности, и констатировано отсутствие таких связей у младших подростков-девочек. Установлено, что личностная тревожность мальчиков младшего подросткового возраста на среднем уровне статистической значимости положительно связана с «подозрительностью» и «враждебностью», у девочек таких связей не обнаружено. Сделаны выводы о проявлениях агрессивности у младших подростков разного пола с разным уровнем личностной тревожности.
Мотивация к обучению в период средней взрослости
Authors: Бузинова Анастасия С. , Дыкина Юлия А.
Published: January 2021

Авторами доказывается актуальность исследования мотивации обучения в период средней взрослости. Новизна заключается в том, что исследуется мотивация к обучению людей, чей возраст уже не предполагает обучение. Как правило, люди в период средней взрослости состоялись как личностно, так и профессионально.

Анализ научной литературы показал, что в основном исследователи изучают мотивацию к обучению лиц 18–25 лет, т. е. в период ранней взрослости, в ходе получения среднего специального, профессионального и высшего образования. Предпринятое авторами исследование направлено на изучение мотивации к обучению в период средней взрослости (30–42 года).

В соответствующем разделе описываются методики, при помощи которых было проведено исследование мотивации к обучению в период средней взрослости (Н. Ц. Бадмаевой, Т. И. Ильиной, Е. Ветлужских).

Основными результатами исследования стали выводы о том, что мотивами обучения в период средней взрослости служат: овладение профессией, приобретение знаний и получение диплома. Мотивы самореализации, принесение пользы обществу, членам семьи, а также мотивы избегания (обучаются только чтобы не потерять работу) находятся на низких позициях, не являются настолько значимыми, как профессиональные, знаниевые и статусные мотивы.

Таким образом, авторы рассмотрели основные компоненты мотивации к обучению у людей в период средней взрослости.

В заключение сделан вывод о том, что эффективность обучения у лиц в периоде средней взрослости довольно высока, т. к. у них присутствует заинтересованность в получении результата.
Therapeutic Approaches for COVID-19 Based on the Interferon-Mediated Immune Responses
Authors: Negahdaripour Manica , Mosaddeghi Pouria , Shahabinezhad Farbod , Dehghani Zahra , Farahmandnejad Mitra , Taghipour Mohammad Javad , Moghadami Mohsen , Nezafat Navid , Masoompour Seyed Masoom
Published: January 2021

Background:

As the outbreak of COVID-19 has accelerated, an urgent need for finding
strategies to combat the virus is growing. Thus, gaining more knowledge on the pathogenicity mechanism
of SARS-CoV-2, i.e. the causing agent of COVID-19, and its interaction with the immune system
is of utmost importance. Although this novel virus is not well known yet, its structural and genetic
similarity with SARS-CoV as well as the comparable pattern of age-mortality relations suggest that
some previous findings on SARS could be applicable for COVID-19.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the most important signaling pathways activated by coronaviruses to
better understand the viral pathogenesis and host immune responses.

Method:

Here, a systems biology study was conducted on a SARS database. It was followed by a literature review on the
cognate subject.

Results:

It was proved that interferons may possess a crucial role in the defense against coronavirus
diseases. The literature supported the validity of the employed approach and the notion that interferon
induction could play a key role in the body defense against coronavirus infections.

Conclusion:

Altogether, administration of interferons or interferon-inducing agents in a prophylactic
manner or at the early stages of the disease, could mimic the effective antiviral responses against
SARS-CoV-2 and reduce the disease severity. At later stages of the disease, however, the balance of
the immune reactions would be disrupted and the responses would shift toward immunopathogenic
over-reactions, which could be exacerbated by the interferon usage. Moderating the activity of the
immune system by anti-inflammatory agents, might be the optimum approach in such conditions.
The Effect of HCV Eradication after Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents on Hepatic
Steatosis: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Soliman Hanan , Ziada Dina , Hamisa Manal , Badawi Rehab , Hawash Nehad , Salama Marwa , Abd-Elsalam Sherief
Published: January 2021

Background and Aims:

Eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by direct-acting-antiviral-
agents (DAAs) was followed by fibrosis regression, but little is available about hepatic steatosis
changes after DAAs. The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence of hepatic steatosis among
HCV Egyptian patients and the long term changes occuring after viral eradication.

Methods:

This prospective cohort study included 150 HCV patients with significant fibrosis. They
were examined by Transient elastography to evaluate liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and hepatic
steatosis before treatment, at SVR12 and 1 year after the end of therapy.

Results:

LSM showed a significant positive correlation to pretreatment of hepatic steatosis. LSM
significantly decreased and hepatic steatosis significantly increased both at SVR12 and one year after
DAAs. Patients with steatosis showed significantly higher median LSM and controlled attenuation
parameter (CAP) values at: baseline, SVR12, and one year after therapy. Also, the pretreatment
steatosis and body mass index (BMI) had a significant negative correlation with fibrosis regression
one year after therapy in all studied groups.

Conclusion:

Hepatic steatosis is common in HCV Egyptian patients and increases after HCV eradication
with DAAs. BMI and CAP values are negatively correlated to hepatic fibrosis regression
and positively correlated to steatosis progression one year after DAAs. So, HCV patients with hepatic
steatosis may need close follow up for atherosclerotic and HCC risk after DAAs, especially if
they are overweight.
formative assessment as systematic practice in higher basic education students
Authors: Cobeña Gema Tatiana Bravo , García Lucía Atenaida Pin , Pin Sandra Cristina Solís , Montes Lubis Carmita Zambrano
Published: January 2021

In the educational field, evaluation is a widely used term but generally associated with qualification, measurement, or as a promotional item from year to year. So, it is essential to reflect on the use given to it, in educational contexts. The objective was to analyze the perspective of teachers and students to the formative evaluation and their contribution to the improvement of the teaching-learning process, of the tenth-year students of a Fiscal Educational Unit in the city of Manta. The quantitative method was applied, to gather the information, with the use of a web survey aimed at both. As a result, it was obtained to be applied through: rubrics, portfolios, observations, conceptual maps, essays, co-evaluation, self-assessment, feedback; but, it does so in an ascetic and intuitive way. It is concluded that the assessment must be carried out in a procession manner, where the development of superior skills is enhanced, with dynamic activities, that favor metacognition, and self-regulation in the educational process.
Evaluation of computational approaches to design new photosensitizers
Authors: Homem-de-Mello P. , Takeuchi E. A. , Lima E. M. C. de , Antonio F. C. T , Mol G. S. , Souza J. R. de , Moraes M. M. F. de , Corrêa R. L. G. Q. , Cunha R. D. da , Aoto Y. A. , Coutinho-Neto M.
Published: January 2021

From dye-sensitized solar cells to photodynamic therapy, the design of new photosensitizers involves different computational strategies. In this work, we present selected examples aiming at illustrating the limitations and advantages of each selected strategy, as well as listing useful descriptors. Hybrid functionals are reasonable approaches to determine properties related to the electronic absorption spectrum; however, for metallic complexes such as metalloporphyrins, one may be careful in selecting the DFT approach. Self-aggregation of dyes is a phenomenon the experimentalists try to avoid, and it is essential to include dispersion corrections and solvation effects to understand the energetics of this process. Aggregation may be driven by π-stacking or hydrophobic effects, depending on the dye composition. Besides all those characteristics, the design of a new photosensitizer may involve evaluating substitution and anchoring groups, push-pull effects, photostability, and reaction mechanisms in the excited states.
In-silico study of antituberculous activity of Zn-pyrazinamide in pyrazinamidase
Authors: Alvarado-Huayhuaz Jesus Antonio , Puma-Zamora Wilmar , Valderrama-Negrón Ana Cecilia
Published: January 2021

Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is one of the leading causes of death. Treatment with pyrazinamide depends on the formation of the bioactive species, pyrazinoic acid (POA), catalyzed by the enzyme pyrazinamidase (PZAse). New mutant strains show resistance to PZA, therefore, it is necessary to search for new drugs. Metallodrugs can offer a synergistic effect on the biological activity of the metal and the drug. Recent studies by our group show anti-tuberculosis activity of pyrazinamide coordinated with Zn, however, the mechanism of action is unknown. In this work, an in-silico study was carried out in three stages: Quantum mechanical, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. ZnPZA (Egap = 4.12 eV) presented greater chemical reactivity than PZA (Egap = 4.97 eV). Greater binding energy was found in ZnPZA-PZAse (-6.98 kcal/mol) than in PZA-PZAse (-6.48 kcal/mol). RMSD and RMSF show stability in PZA-PZAse and ZnPZA-PZAse dockings. Hydrogen bonds interaction of ZnPZA with the catalytic amino acids Asp8 and Lys96 occurs for 83 and 40 ns, respectively. It is concluded that ZnPZA could serve as a transporter of PZA to the active site of PZAse, to promote the production of POA and the antituberculous effect; however, further experimental studies are needed.
Substituição nucleofílica alifática: qual o mecanismo preferencial? Estudo computacional dos efeitos da estrutura do substrato e solvente
Authors: Peixoto Bárbara Pereira , Carneiro José Walkimar de M. , Fiorot Rodolfo Goetze
Published: January 2021

Nucleophilic aliphatic substitution reactions constitute important steps in the synthesis of substances with biological activity and industrial appeal, beyond to participating in steps in biosynthetic routes of natural products. Unimolecular (SN1) and bimolecular (SN2) pathways can be understood as limiting cases of a mechanistic continuum. In between them, borderline mechanisms are proposed. The preference for one path over another depends on several factors, such as the structure of the substrate, the nucleophile and the solvent used. This plurality is still a topic of discussion and needs further understanding. In this context, the present work aims to rationalize the preferential reaction pathway for nucleophilic aliphatic substitutions, whose substrates do not fit only in the uni- and bimolecular models, by identifying lower energy reaction pathways due to the structural and electronic characteristics. The evaluation was carried out by molecular modeling at the Density Functional Theory (DFT) level, simulating substrates with the nucleofuge (Cl and NH3 + ) connected to secondary carbon atoms, with the computational method M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ, previously validated according to geometrical and energetic parameters. Besides, we checked the effect of a polar solvent with high dielectric constant in the reaction pathways. The analyzed substrates demonstrated preference for the bimolecular mechanism and the influence of a solvent in these reactions was evident.
Theoretical study of the mechanism of chromogenic chemodosimeters in the detection of sulfhydryl (SH–) and hydroxyl (OH–) anions
Authors: Alves Adrielly , Leal Régis Casimiro
Published: January 2021

Sulfide (S2−) is a biologically and environmentally important anion. Exposure to the sulfide anion can cause chronic, respiratory diseases and irritations in the skin and mucous membranes. The protonated HS− or H2S forms are more toxic than the S2− itself. A derivative of the family of 2,4,6-triaryl-pyrylium cations bearing an amine in the para position of the 4-aryl group is sensitive for detecting sulfide anions in solution. Through DFT calculations, performed at level B3LYP/6-31+G(d) in gas phase, these authors present the thermodynamic stability of the interaction of chemodosimeters derived from the pyrilium and thiopirilium cation with hydroxyl (OH–) and sulfhydryl (SH–) anions.