bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Hidden Markov Model for Forecasting Rainfall Data Availability at the Weather Station in West Sumatra
Authors: Ramadhan Rahmawati , Devianto Dodi
Published: May 2020

Indonesia is a maritime continent in Southeast Asian, laying between Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. This position intensely affects the level of rainfall in Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. The availability of rainfall data can form a Markov chain which its state is not able to be observed directly (hidden), is called the Hidden Markov Model (HMM). The purposes of this research are to predict the hidden state of the availability of rainfall data using decoding problems and to find the best state sequence (optimal) by using Viterbi Algorithm, and also to predict probability for the availability of rainfall data in the future by using the Baum Welch Algorithm in the Hidden Markov Model. This research uses secondary data with a period of one day from the availability of rainfall data at the Minangkabau Meteorological Station, Padang Pariaman Climatology Station, and Silaing Bawah Geophysics Station from January 2018 to July 2019. The results of the prediction show that the Hidden Markov Model can be used to predict the probability of rainfall data availability. The results for the availability of the highest rainfall data for one day ahead is at the Padang Pariaman Climatology Station, with a probability of 0.36, followed by Minangkabau Meteorological Station is 0.35, and Silaing Bawah Geophysics station is 0.29. The result has shown for the next one day period the probability of rainfall data available from the three stations will be available following the Viterbi algorithm.
Analysis of Ogan Ilir Regency's Kelakar River Runoff Discharge in Micro Hydro Power Plant (PLMTH) Planning
Authors: Ramadhani Renny Citra , Yerizam Muhammad , Indrayani Indrayani
Published: May 2020

Micro hydro power plant (PLTMH) is an alternative source of electrical energy for the community where by using this PLTMH the community can utilize the existing river flow as electricity generation. The country of Indonesia has many rivers and creeks that can be used optimally in producing alternative electricity.  Kelakar River, located in Ogan Ilir Regency has the potential to be developed as a Micro Hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) that can be used to supply electricity in the region around the Ogan River.  Data analysis includes: catchman area analysis, rainfall analysis, calculation of rainfall intensity plan, calculation of runoff discharge, and analysis of river flow rates. Based on the analysis that has been done, the Kelekar river runoff discharge is QRmax of 211.109 m3/second and QRmin of 15.732 m3/second. From this result, the selection of turbines to be used in PLTMH planning is Propeller Type turbines.
Malachite Green Removal by Zn/Al-citrate LDHs in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Hidayati Nurlisa , Mohadi Risfidian , Elfita Elfita , Lesbani Aldes
Published: May 2020

Zn/Al-citrate LDHs was synthesized using co precipitation method at basic condition and the material were applied as adsorbent of malachite green (MG) dye in aqueous medium using batch system. Adsorption of MG onto Zn/Al-citrate was investigated through kinetic, isotherm adsorption and thermodynamic studies. Kinetic model was fitted PSO than PFO for MG adsorption. The rate of adsorption 𝑘2 for Zn/Al LDHs was 0.000692 g.mg−1 min−1 and 0.000371 g for Zn/Al-citrate LDHs.mg−1 min−1. Adsorption of malachite green onto Zn/Al LDHs and Zn/Al citrate LDHs was investigated and following Langmuir adsorption isotherm model shows chemical adsorption process. The adsorption capacity maximum of Zn/Al-citrate is 333 mg/g from Zn/Al LDHs is only 111 mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters of Zn/Al-citrate confirmed adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous.
EFFECTIVENESS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT CASE BY THE CARTEL COMMISSION HONDA AND YAMAHA BASED ON JUSTICE PANCASILA
Authors: Handayani Otih , S. Ndolu Juliana , Pamungkas Achmad Jumeri , Napitupulu Douglas
Published: May 2020

This research aims to reconstruct the effectiveness of law enforcement by the Commission in a cartel case Honda and Yamaha justice based on Pancasila. The first reaserch discuss about the effectiveness of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) in law enforcement justice cartel cases Pancasila. Both reconstruct the article in Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Competition for law enforcement effectiveness. This research is a doctrinal approach of legislation and research . Study shows the first enforcement by the Commission is not operating effectively. The imposition of administrative sanctions from the Commission do not have permanent legal force, where they opened a space for parties reported to object to the level of the Supreme Court (MA). The process to obtain permanent legal force very long whereas 73% of MA won the Commission's decision. Both to achieve effective enforcement, it is necessary to expand the authority of the Commission, which sanctions the administration carried out by the Commission are final or not opened space object. Agae ensure the Commission's decision is fair, then there needs to be a power-sharing within the Commission to establish the field of internal controls.
SISTEM NOKEN DI PROVINSI PAPUA: STUDI PUTUSAN MK NO 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009
Authors: Mulyani Tri , Nuswanto Albertus Heru , Sukimin Sukimin
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis dasar pertimbangan hukum hakim MK dalam Putusan MK No. 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009 terkait dengan legitimasi sistem noken di Provinsi Papua, berserta implikasinya. Tujuan ini didasari kenyataan bahwa sistem pemilu di Indonesia dilaksanakan berdasarkan demokrasi Pancasila, dengan asas Luber-Jurdil, namun jika ada satu daerah yang melaksanakan berbeda dengan daerah lainnya, maka akan menimbulkan pro dan kontra di masyarakat, yaitu di Provinsi Papua, dengan menggunakan sistem noken, hingga berujung sengketa pemilu di Mahkamah Konstitusi. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah yuridis normatif, dengan analisis data kualitatif. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa dasar pertimbangan hukum hakim konstitusi dalam Putusan MK No 47-81/PHPU.A-VII/2009 terkait dengan legitimasi sistem Noken Di Provinsi Papua merujuk pendapat Bagir Manan bahwa dalam setiap putusan, wajib mengandung unsur yuridis, sosiologis dan filosofis tidak terpenuhi, salah satunya adalah unsur yuridis, yaitu mengenai tata cara pelaksanaan pemilu dengan sistem Noken sebagai pengganti kotak suara dan pengambilan suara secara transparan dengan prosedur musyawarah dan kemudian menyerahkan segala putusan kepada kepala suku, tidak sesuai dengan sistem pemilu nasional yang tata caranya didasarkan pada Pasal 22E Ayat (1) UUD NRI Tahun 1945 yaitu Pemilu dilaksanakan secara Luber-Jurdil. Unsur sosiologis dapat terlihat pada kenyataan bahwa pemerintah memberikan perlindungan dan penghormatan sebagai daerah istemewa dan memberikan legitimasi sistem noken. Secara filosofis tercermin pada saat Mahkamah Konstitusi mengesampingkan peraturan tertulis demi menegakkan keadilan bagi masyarakat hukum adat yang masih hidup di wilayah pegunungan. Adapun implikasinya bahwa putusan MK, adalah sah dan bersifat erga omnes, sehingga secara nasional, akan tetap hidup dan berkembang di tengah-tengah masyarakat adat Papua.
Kedudukan Basyarnas Dalam Penanganan Kepailitan Perbankan Syariah Ditinjau Dari UU No. 21 Tahun 2008 Tentang Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Apriyandanu Ephin
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan menganalisa kedudukan Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS) yang mempunyai kewenangan untuk menyelesaikan sengketa bisnis syariah. BASYARNAS memiliki hukum acara arbitrase sendiri yang dapat dijadikan pilihan hukum bagi para pihak yang bersengketa yang diatur dalam Peraturan Prosedur BASYARNAS. Akan tetapi, untuk mengajukan penyelesaian kepailitan melalui BASYARNAS, pemohon harus tetap berdasarkan klausula arbitrase atau perjanjian arbitrase. Adapun masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah dasar hukum BASYARNAS dalam menyelesaikan kepailitan, serta faktor penunjang dan penghambat dalam penyelesaian kepailitan melalui BASYARNAS. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan tipe penelitian deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dasar hukum yang dipakai dalam penyelesaian kepailitan melalui BASYARNAS yaitu hukum Islam dan hukum nasional. Peraturan Prosedur BASYARNAS mengatur dasar hukum yang digunakan yaitu Al-Qur’an, As-Sunnah, Ijma’, Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa, SK MUI, dan Fatwa DSN-MUI. Para pihak yang telah sepakat untuk menyelesaikan sengketanya di BASYARNAS maka akan diselesaikan dan diputus menurut peraturan prosedur BASYARNAS. Peraturan dalam menyelesaikan kepailitan melalui BASYARNAS belum jelas karena belum diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 21 Tahun 2008 tentang Perbankan Syariah.  Faktor penunjang dalam menyelesaikan kepailitan melalui BASYARNAS yaitu para arbiter. BASYARNAS adalah arbiter yang berkompeten dalam bidangnya.

 
Pelaksanaan Dana Hibah Di Provinsi Jawa Tengah Sesuai Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintah Daerah Sebagaimana Diubah Dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 9 Tahun 2015
Authors: Ardhianto Mario
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa pelaksanaan dana hibah di provinsi Jawa Tengah.  Pemerintah Daerah dapat memberikan hibah sesuai kemampuan keuangan daerah. Pelaksanaan dana hibah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah sesuai Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-undang Nomor 9 Tahun 2015. Permasalahan yang dibahas adalah mengenai pelaksanaan dana hibah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah sesuai Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 juncto Undang-undang Nomor 9 Tahun 2015, serta problematika dan solusi atas pelaksanaan dana hibah tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami pelaksanaan dana hibah di Provinsi Jawa Tengah serta memahami problematika dan solusi atas pelaksanaan dana hibah tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris. Pelaksanaan pemberian dana hibah oleh Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah memungkinkan menimbulkan problematik. Salah satunya kurang pahamnya para pihak akan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur. Sanksi yang diberikan kepada penerima hibah yang mengabaikan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan harus dipertegas. Serta perlunya partisipasi masyarakat agar Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah dapat mengontrol kegiatan di lapangan yang dibiayai oleh dana hibah Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
Implementasi Pemberdayaan Zakat Di Masjid Agung Jawa Tengah Dalam Kajian Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2011 Tentang Pengelolaan Zakat
Authors: Nurjanah Nurjanah
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa Lembaga Amil Zakat sebagai salah satu organisasi atau lembaga berperan untuk mengoptimalkan pemberdayaan zakat yang belum mampu untuk membantu pemerintah dalam mengentaskan kemiskinan. Penelitian ini diarahkan untuk menjawab dua masalah yaitu  bagaimana implementasi pemberdayaan zakat di masjid Agung Jawa Tengah dalam kajian Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2011 tentang pengelolaan zakat dan bagaimana kendala dan solusi atas pemberdayaan zakat yang dijalankan di masjid Agung Jawa Tengah dalam kajian Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2011 tentang pengelolaan zakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif. Tanggungjawab dari pengelola Lazisma lainnya dalam bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, ekonomi dan lainnya telah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan tujuan pemberdayaan zakat dalam mengentaskan kemiskinan secara keseluruhan. Kendala yang dihadapinya antara lain: masih banyak muzakki yang masih enggan untuk membayar zakat; Kepercayaan masyarakat kurang; Sosialisasi kepada masyarakat masih kurang optimal. Solusi untuk mengantisipasinya, meliputi: Melakukan pembinaan regulasi tentang kewajiban zakat bagi Muzakki; penguatan kepada amil zakat untuk selalu bersikap jujur dan professional; mensinergikan dan saling kerjasama antara lapisan masyarakat, pemerintah, tokoh agama dan juga para amil zakat.
Sistem Pengawasan Asuransi Syariah Dalam Kajian Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perasuransian
Authors: Suratman Sukadi , Junaidi Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa sistem penagwasan asuransi syariah berdasarkan undang-undang yang berlaku. Penerapan prinsip syariah dalam asuransi syariah bertolak dari ketentuan hukum Islam dalam aspek ekonomi syariah. Konsep asuransi syariah menggunakan berbagai risiko (risk sharing) yang berdeda dari konsepsi asuransi konvensional. Penerapan prinsip syariah dalam asuransi syariah inilah yang ditempatkan pada bagian pertama pengawasan.  Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normative. Banyak kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan pengawasan asuransi syariah diantaranya soal pemahaman masyarakat. Kendala lainnya yang cukup berpengaruh adalah dukungan penuh dari para pengambil kebijakan di negeri ini. Termasuk kendala dukungan pemerintah adalah upaya harmonisasi dan singkronisasi peraturan yang masih menjadi hambatan secara yuridis diantaranya persoalan. Upaya-upaya dalam mengatasi kendala tersebut dapat dilakukan melalui penguatan struktur. Struktur yang ada saat ini sudah baik, tetapi karena DSN-MUI menghadapi tugas dan tantangan yang lebih berat seperti mengurusi dan bermitra dengan lembaga-lembaga keuangan syariah yang notabene diurus oleh prktisi-praktisi yang professional. Disisi lain yang perlu diterjemahkan dalam praktinya sehingga memungkinkan sistem pengawasan berjalan maksimal adalah evaluasi kelembagaan pengawasan harus dijalankan secara keberlanjutan sehingga memungkinkan sistem pengawasan pada lembaga asuransi syariah utamanya yang dijalankn oleh lembaga Dewan Pengawas syariah dapat berjalan maksimal.
Efektifitas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2011 Tentang Pengelolaan Dan Pemberdayaan Zakat Dalam Rangka Mengentaskan Kemiskinan
Authors: Riyadi Sugeng
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektivitas Undang-undang Nomor 23 tahun 2011 tentang pengelolaan dan pemberdayaan zakat untuk mengurangi kemiskinan. Zakat adalah "maaliyah ijtima'iyah" agama, ibadah yang terkait dengan properti, yang memiliki posisi yang sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat, jika dikelola dengan baik, dapat dipercaya, transparan Islamiyah yang sesuai dengan Syariah, baik pengumpulan dan distribusi. Diduga zakat tidak optimal karena pemerintah tidak memiliki kebijakan khusus untuk menjadikan zakat sebagai sumber penerimaan negara. Namun, jika amal telah menunjukkan fungsi yang luar biasa sebagai alat kemiskinan dan kesejahteraan rakyat, pemerintah dapat mulai melihat amal sebagai instrumen utama dalam perekonomian negara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian empiris yuridis. UU No. 13 tahun 2011 tentang pengelolaan dan distribusi zakat sampai saat ini tidak cocok untuk mengurangi kemiskinan. Karena hingga kini hanya profesi zakat yang dipertahankan dan hanya beberapa Unit Pemerintah Daerah saja di Jawa Tengah. Kemiskinan tidak hanya disebabkan oleh faktor alam saja, tetapi juga faktor pembangunan yang adil mempengaruhi masalah ini. Salah satu solusinya adalah memberdayakan amal berbasis komunitas. Dampaknya, mengentaskan kemiskinan berarti mengurangi penyebabnya, baik individu atau kelompok dalam masyarakat.
Kedudukan Aset Dari Yayasan Yang Belum Disesuaikan Pasca Terbitnya Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2001 Tetang Yayasan
Authors: Mustofa Mustofa
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kedududkan aset yang belum disesuaikan  setelah terbitnya peraturan terbaru mengenai yayasan. Keberadaan yayasan di Indonesia mempunyai kekuatan yang penuh dengan adanya Undang-Undang Yayasan yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2004. Hal ini menimbulkan segala sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan aset yayasan baik yang bersifat materil maupun immateril harus disesuaikan dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. Apabila tidak disesuaikan, akan  berakibat tidak diakuinya yayasan yang telah berdiri, sehingga pemilik yayasan harus segera melakukan penyesuaian terhadap aset yayasan yang dimilikinya. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai akibat hukum kedudukan hak pakai sebagai aset yayasan pada yayasan yang belum disesuaikan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Yayasan dan penyelesaian terhadap aset yayasan Dewantara Ciptasari. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normative. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Akibat Hukum dari Kedudukan Hak Pakai Sebagai Aset Yayasan Pada Yayasan Yang Belum Disesuaikan Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Yayasan akan mengakibatkan tidak diakuinya badan hukum dari yayasan yang belum didaftarkan asetnya.
Pelaksanaan Otonomi Desa Pasca Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa
Authors: Pamungkas Bambang Adhi
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa pelaksanaan otonomi desa pasca penerbitan undang-undang. Desa adalah suatu wilayah yang ditempati oleh komunitas kelompok manusia dan saling melakukan interaksi antara satu sama lainnya, memiliki tatanan sosial yang mengatur kehidupan masyarakatnya melalui tradisi, adat istiadat dan hukum yang relatif mandiri. Lahirnya UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2016 tentang Desa memberikan keluwesan pada pemerintahan Desa dalam menjalankan pemerintahannya sendiri secara demokrtis. Melalui asas rekognisi dan subsidiaritas, Pemerintahan Desa dijalankan berdasarkan otonomi dan hak asal-usul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian yang bersifat deskriptis analitis. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder, yaitu data yang diperoleh melalui bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa merupakan subsistem dari sistem penyelenggaraan pemerintahan sehingga desa memiliki kewenangan dan mengurus kepentingan masyarakatnya melalui perencanaan pembangunan desa diselenggarakan dengan mengikut sertakan masyarakat desa melalui musyawarah perencanaan pembangunan desa serta agar Desa dapat terintegrasi dan dilaksanakan dengan baik, pemerintah harus segera melakukan revisi yang ada dalam UU Desa, antara lain terhadap norma hukum yang masih menimbulkan konflik baik vertikal maupun horizontal serta perlu adanya pembahasan yang jelas dalam perubahan Undang-Undang Desa antara kewenangan Kemendagri dan Kementrian desa terkait program pembangunan.
Implementasi Perlindungan Konsumen Dalam Transaksi Perbankan Menurut Kajian UU No. 21 Tahun 2008 Tentang Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Fadilla Febriani Nur
Published: May 2020

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa implementasi perlindungan konsumen dalam transaksi perbankan. Undang – Undang No. 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perbankan pada Pasal 1 ayat (14) menyebutkan bahwa prinsip Bank Syariah antara lain prinsip bagi hasil (mudharabah), pembiayaan berdasarkan prinsip penyertaan modal (musharakahl), prinsip jual beli barang dengan memperoleh keuntungan (murabahah), atau pembiayaan barang modal berdasarkan prinsip sewa murni tanpa pilihan (ijarah), atau dengan adanya pilihan pemindahan kepemilikan atas barang yang disewa dari pihak bank oleh pihak lain (ijarah wa iqtina). Kegiatan perbankan nasabah menjadi prioritas, dilihat dari perspektifnya banyak hal yang mempengaruhi kepuasan nasabah (konsumen). Maka dapat dipahami bahwa Bank Syariah selain meningkatkan mutu kualitas juga memperhatikan perlindungan resiko terhadap nasabah. Namun dalam praktiknya belum terdapat pengaturan tertulis yang terdapat dalam UU No. 21 Tahun 2008 yang berkaitan dengan sistem perlindungan konsumen. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan studi dokumenter. Hasil penelitian adalah mengenai pelaksanaan perlindungan konsumen di dunia perbankan. Melalui peraturan yang jelas mengenai perlindungan konsumen, diharapkan dapat terciptanya kegiatan perbankan yang saling menguntungkan antara beberapa pihak tanpa menimbulkan kerugian pada salah satu pihak. Disisi lain dengan adanya peraturan yang jelas, maka muncul kepastian hukum yang dapat dipatuhi oleh pihak yang berkepentingan
Kewenangan Organisasi Advokat Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Advokat Suatu Kajian Permenristekdikti No. 5 Tahun 2019 Tentang Program Profesi Advokat (PPA)
Authors: Setiawan Harry
Published: May 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa kewenangan organisasi advokat dalam menyelenggarakan pendidikan advokat. Pasal 5 ayat (1) UU Advokat menerangkan bahwa yang dimaksud adalah advokat sebagai salah satu perangkat dalam proses peradilan yang mempunyai kedudukan setara dengan penegak hukum lainnya dalam menjalankan fungsinya untuk menegakkan hukum dan keadilan, dampak dari terbitnya Peraturan Menteri Riset, Teknologi, dan Pendidikan Tinggi (Permenristekdikti) No. 5 Tahun 2019 tentang Program Profesi Advokat (PPA) membuat publik bertanya-tanya karena Pangkal persoalannya, prosedur ini dinilai melanggar proses pengangkatan advokat dan juga belum ada kesepakatan yang jelas dan pasti antara kedua pihak yaitu Kemenristek dengan Organisasi Advokat terkait dengan mekanisme pelaksanaan PPA kedepan seperti apa.Dari latar belakang tersebut dua permasalahan pokok yaitu: (1) Bagaimana Kewenangan Organisasi Advokat dalam Pendidikan Advokat sesuai dengan Permenristekdikti No.5 Tahun 2019 tentang Program Profesi Advokat (PPA) ; (2) Bagaimana Pengaturan ideal Organisasi Advokat dalam Pendidikan Advokat sesuai dengan Permenristekdikti No.5 Tahun 2019 tentang Program Profesi Advokat (PPA). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-diskriptif melalui pendekatan yuridis sosiologis. Simpulan yaitu Kewenangan organisasi advokat dalam Permenristekdikti No. 5 Tahun 2019 yaitu masih melekat  serta turut andil dan tetap harus bekerjasama untuk menjalankan Pendidikan Profesi Advokat. Dengan belum adanya kesepakatan antara organisasi advokat dan kemenristekdikti terkait dengan Permenristekdikti No.5 Tahun 2019 tentang Program Profesi Advokat (PPA), maka mekanisme pelaksanaan PPA ini belum jelas dan pasti. Sehingga menimbulkan ketidakpastian dalam melaksanakan Pendidikan Profesi Advokat yang terbaru nanti memiliki kualitas tinggi.
Enzymatic browning and chemical composition of whole yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H. Rob.] tubers as affected by blanching
Authors: Limbaga J.C. , Esguerra E.B. , Castillo-Israel K.A.T.
Published: May 2020

Browning is the major problem associated with yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.)
H. Rob.] processing as it takes place rapidly and intensely after tissue damage. This study
investigated the effects of different blanching conditions on the browning parameters and
some chemical components of yacon. Whole yacon tubers were blanched in hot water
under different temperature and time conditions and immediately cooled in ice water.
Increasing blanching temperature and time significantly reduced the polyphenol oxidase
(PPO) activity but resulted in an undesirable change in firmness; lightness (L*) decreased
approaching to a black color flesh of yacon, and the a* and b* values decreased
representing a tendency to a green and blue colors, respectively. Blanching the whole
yacon at 60⁰C for 20 mins was found to be the most effective and can be used as preprocessing treatment to reduce browning of the product. At this condition, PPO activity
was reduced to 70%, firmness was retained, and further browning was decelerated when
the cut surface of yacon was allowed to stand at room temperature. Moreover, the total
phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, glucose, sucrose and fructose were not
significantly different from unblanched yacon but fructooligosaccharide (FOS) content
was reduced from 51.36 to 36.29% on dry weight basis
Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDRSA) properties and their adherence ability on stainless steel surfaces at different temperature and time
Authors: J. Nur-Syifa' , M.A.R. Nor-Khaizura , Mahyudin N.A. , M.K. Shafiqa-Atikah , Y. Ummul-Izzatul
Published: May 2020

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium that capable to adhere on the processing
surfaces that could cause a cross-contamination of foods. In Malaysia, S. aureus has been
reported from foods and food-handlers hand at food service environment but the multidrug
-resistant S. aureus (MDRSA) and their adherence on stainless steel were limited. This
study was intended 1) to isolate S. aureus from food contact surfaces and characterize the
isolates for MDRSA properties, and 2) to determine the adherence ability of the MDRSA
strains. A total of thirty-eight S. aureus isolated from food premises in Sri Serdang were
tested for the antibiotic resistance and it was carried out using five classes of antibiotics;
Penicillin (I), Cephalosporins (II), Amino-glycosides (III), Quinolones Fluoroquinolone
(IV), and Sulphonamide (V) by the standard procedures of Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion
method. The adherence assay was performed on stainless steel disc at 25oC and 37oC on
24, 48 and 72 hrs incubation. As a result, twenty-three S. aureus were found as multidrugresistant towards the antibiotics. All the MDRSA can adhere on stainless steel with a
minimum 4.00 log CFU/mL. The adherence of MDRSA on stainless steel during 72 hrs
were ranging from 4.11 to 6.55 log CFU/mL and 4.25 to 6.86 log CFU/mL at 25oC and
37oC, respectively. The highest adherence was found on 48 hrs at both temperatures. The
MDRSA strains revealed high capacity to adhere on stainless steel at 37oC. As a
conclusion, the MDRSA strains shows the strong adherence ability at their optimum
growth temperature.
Gender Equality in English Electronic School Textbook (BSE) for Senior High School (The Case of Interlanguage for Science and Social Study Programme Grade XII)
Authors: Safitri Dian
Published: May 2020

This study is a content analysis which aims at identifying sexist language types which exist in Interlanguage for Science and Social Study Programme Grade XII, revealing how gender roles are communicated as appropriate by the textbook, and how the textbook’s writers reflect gender equality. The result of this study showed that the type of sexist language which exists in the textbook is only “men as standard”. In addition, how this textbook communicates female gender roles as appropriate are by exposing contents which suggest that women cannot use their womb and brain at the same time, women are different from men, women cannot be both feminine and competent at the same time, and women will become less valuable as they age. Concerning men, the contents imply that men are physically strong, men must be successful in holding their professions, men must be the head of his family who have to earn money for the family, men must act independently, and men must be heterosexual and sexually active. Hence, it can be said that the writers of this textbook do not reflect gender equality. Therefore, the way how the writers reflect gender equality was not revealed. Further, the result of this study will be great interest to syllabus designers in composing the content of the textbooks. It is essential for them to take into account the learners’ gender equality in all forms because the instructional objectives of an educational program will not be achieved unless they do so.
Online Learning to Prevent the Spread of Pandemic Corona Virus in Indonesia
Authors: Yulia Henny
Published: May 2020

In March 2020 almost all cities in Indonesia face the scary viruses namely corona. The speed of the viruses spread influences all aspects of life without exception. Education system is one of the crucial things which is influenced by this virus. Whether want or not, the educators must change their way of teaching. Face to face in the class must be avoided. The purpose of this study is to clarify ways of corona virus pandemic reshape education. This study also explains about kinds of online learning which are used by the educators in the era of pandemic corona viruses in the world and the strategies to improve online teaching when university is closed. The advantages of using them are also clarified. In addition, the writer try to gain the information about the effectiveness of using online learning   to teach.
Production of Tannase by Fungi Isolated from Different Soils
Authors: Sherifah Monilola Wakil  , Oluwatosin Damilola Ajayi  , Samuel Adedayo Fasiku
Published: May 2020

Tannases are enzymes that catalyze the production of gallic acid which is a versatile precursor of various chemicals used in food and pharmaceutical industries. This work is aimed at isolation and production of tannase from soil fungi. Moulds were isolated from soil samples that were collected from different sites in Ibadan Metropolis. Isolated fungi were screened on plate for tannase production. The best sets of fungi were selected to produce tannases under solid state fermentation using various substrates. Twenty (20) out of forty-two (42) isolated fungi were able to produce tannase. Isolates FR6, IAR15 and BG4 recorded highest zone of hydrolysis (20, 17 and 16 mm) on Tannic acid agar and were identified as Aspergillus japonicus, Aspergillus tamarii and Neosartorya fumigata respectively using their macroscopic and microscopic properties. Among different used substrates, highest production of tannase was observed when wheat bran (8.72 U/mL) was used as substrate which was followed by Moringa seed (7.90 U/mL). There was higher production of tannase by selected isolates when grown in used substrate (Wheat and Moringa seed) alone than when supplemented with tannic acid. Of all used carbon sources, Fructose and Maltose supported best production of tannase by the three fungi. NaNO3 was the best nitrogen source among all the nitrogen sources used with the yield of 15.88 U/mL by Aspergillus japonicus. Optimum production of tannase was either recorded at pH 6.0 or 6.5 with selected isolates. Aspergillus japonicus had a considerable higher production than other two selected fungi. Best production of tannase is achieved with 1% of fructose as carbon source, 1% of NaNO3 as nitrogen and Wheat bran as substrate at pH of 6.5.
Eco-Friendly Tri-Sodium Citrate as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Synthetic Cooling Water System
Authors: Touir  , A. Koulou  , M. Chahboune  , Y. El Kacimi  , H. Larhzil
Published: May 2020

The influence of an ecofriendly tri-sodium citrate (TSC) on the inhibition of mild steel corrosion in synthetic cooling water was studied by using potentiodynamic polarization (PP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The state of mild steel surface was characterized by scanning microscopy electron (SEM) analysis. It is found that TSC acts as an anodic type inhibitor where its inhibition increases with concentration to reach a maximum of 89 % at 10-3 M. Indeed, the EIS plots revealed that TSC increases the polarization resistance of mild steel confirming the current-potential measurement and indicated that the inhibition efficiency of TSC increase with immersion time until 24 h of immersion. SEM investigation demonstrated that the inhibition of mild steel in corrosive/TSC solution was realized by the TSC molecules adsorption onto mild steel to prevent the dissolution process by blocking the active sites on its surface. Thus, it is shown that the TSC obey to the Langmuir isotherm and it is adsorbed via both physical and chemical adsorption which can explain by potential of zero charge (PZC) technique.
Parkia biglobosa (Mimosaceae): Botany, Uses, Phytochemical Properties and Pharmacological Potential
Authors: Collen Musara  , Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana  , Silas M. Mudyiwa    , Charles Karavina
Published: May 2020

Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. Don, popularly known as the African locust bean tree, is a perennial tree legume that belongs to Mimosoïdeae sub-family and family of Fabaceae. This study is aimed at reviewing the botany, nutritional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of P. biglobosa and the information was undertaken using electronic databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, SciFinder, BMC and Open-thesis. Parkia biglobosa is a very important multipurpose tree that is used essentially for food, medicinal, cultural, economic and magico-therapeutic purposes. Due to its socio-economic and cultural importance, P. biglobosa species are vulnerable to unsustainable harvesting and are declining in numbers because they remain semi- or undomesticated in some west Africa countries. Different aqueous and organic extracts of P. biglobosa indicate that the species are rich in saponins, tannins, flavonoids, resins, carbohydrates, terpenoids, phenols, sterols, and cardiac glycosides. The nutritional and pharmacological benefits of P. biglobosa has been associated with its physicochemical properties. Pharmacological studies on P. biglobosa exhibited antimalarial, anti-helminthic, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-carcinogenic, anti-trypanosomic activities and antioxidant properties. Threats to the survival of this multipurpose species are also highlighted.
On differential subordination theorems of analytic multivalent functions defined by generalized integral operator
Authors: Atshan Waggas Galib , Hussein Battor, Ali , Farhan Abaas Abeer
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we obtain some applications of second order differential Subordination results involving a generalized integral operator for certain normalized analytic functions.
Some Properties Related With L^0 (Ω,F,μ) Space
Authors: Jabar Asawer , Al-Mayahi Noori
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this paper is to investigate elementary properties of these measure and relation between these measure and we define a metric functions on the space of measurable functions and defined on finite measure space and we call the topology induced by p the topology of convergence in measure and we investigate now the connection between the convergence in metric of X and convergence in measure .
New and Extended Results On Fourth-Order Differential Subordination for Univalent Analytic Functions
Authors: Atshan Waggas Galib , Hussein Battor Ali , Abaas Abeer Farhan , Irina Oros Georgia
Published: May 2020

In this paper, we introduce new concept that is fourth-order differential subordination and superordination associated with linear operator for univalent analytic functions in open unit disk. Here, we extended some lemmas. Also  some interesting new results are obtained.
New type of Double Sequence of Fuzzy Numbers Defined on Double Orlicz Function
Authors: Abed Muslim Leena , Hussein Battor Ali
Published: May 2020

In this paper we insert the notion of -statistically,pre-Cauchy double sequence of fuzzy numbers also, we establish a criterion for arbitrary double sequence of fuzzy numbers to becomes -statistically,pre-Cauchy.
Inhibition of Corrosion: Mechanisms and Classifications in Overview
Authors: H. Al-mashhadani Mohammed , A. Ahmed Ahmed , Hussain Zainab , A. Mohammed Salam , M. Yusop Rahimi , Yousif Emad
Published: May 2020

Corrosion inhibitors are substances, which added to the metallic materials to keep them from the destructive surroundings. Presently, inhibitors have been used in many industrial regions such as chemical and oil production because they are easy to modify their chemical structure according to their needs. In this review, the inhibitors are classified according to the mechanism of inhibition. It also shows the type of corrosion inhibitors that take from a natural source and some examples about this type and its work mechanism
optical patterns controlled by computerized spatial light modulator
Authors: Naser Hayder
Published: May 2020

In this work, a contemporary optical system is designed using a technology of spatial light modulator (SLM). This system is depending on the ability of altering light beam into different optical patterns according to a signal feedback injected computationally to the SLM. The effects of control parameters on the SLM operation are studied such us brightness (B) which determines the constant DC voltage applied to SLM pixels, and contrast (C) determines the maximum AC voltage amount that can be applied to the SLM. The influences of the transmission linearity of image intensity are controlled by the gamma adjustment which can be used to align non linearity of image intensity. The grey scale is used to control and imagine which signals corresponding to grey levels and image location. The resolution and orientation of the obtained images are altered by the screen format to make optical experiments more satisfied, hence different ratios of amplitude and phase modulation can be understood.
Heavy metals, Sediments, Al-Delm Heavy Metals in Sediments of Al-Delmaj Marsh, Al-Qadisiya /Wasit Governorates – Iraq
Authors: Nasir  Al-Hemidawi Faris , Hameed Abbas , Taleb  Al-Saad Hamid
Published: May 2020

The regional and  seasonal study of  heavy metals were taken during February 2018 to November 2018, we determined the concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Fe), by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS) for sediment at Ten stations along Al-Delmaj lake they are (St.1, St.2 before feeding, St.2 after feeding, St.3, St.4, St.5 before discharge, St.5 after discharge, St.6, St.7, St.8), the stations were selected to cover all the marsh area. The Total Organic Carbon (TOC%) were analyzed.  The results obtained for the sediment samples were low except for Fe and Pb which were relatively high. They were followed in order as: (Fe PbZnNiCrCu Cd). Higher concentrations of some heavy metals in sediments indicated that the sediments acted as a sink and source for these metals. Also the lowest mean concentration in some stations because of the fewness sources of pollution in this region whereas the highest mean concentration in other station because of there are a lot of pollution sources such as: Sewage pollutants, Municipal Waste, and Fertilizer waste. there is a variation in the values of studied elements they were ranged as follows: Cd: (0.222 - 0.283g/g), Cr: (1.472 - 1.685g/g), Cu: (0.305 - 0.362g/g), Zn:(1.947 - 2.826g/g), Ni: (1.738 - 2.206g/g), Pb: (3.696 -4.921g/g), Fe: (10.95 - 13.247g/g), The recorded concentrations of heavy metals  are very importance to know the locations of pollution, its percentage and causes, sources and methods of treating pollution to preserve public health. The rate of  Total Organic Carbon in this study (0.55- 0.97), the influence of the sediments with an equipped source for the organic materials, due to the degradation process that occurs on some neighborhoods in the region.
Structural behavior of rf magnetron sputtered cupric oxide (CuO) films
Authors: Khilkhal Ali , A. Khadayeir Abdalhussain
Published: May 2020

In this paper a CuO thin film, has been deposited using RF sputtering technique, then the thin film has been characterized by XRD, result obtained showed that strongest peak was 48.6503 degree, and FWHM was 0.145 degree, while lattice constant was 4.65 Aº, and the average grain size was 62.78 nm. While AFM analysis showed that the increasing of another four samples temperature led to increase of roughness average from (3.77 to 15.7) nm, root mean square from (4.66 to 18.8) nm and ten points height from (22.6 to 52.6) at 250,300,350 and 400 C respectively. On the other hand granularity cumulation distribution charts showed average diameter has varied from (57.42, to 135.41) nm with grain numbers per line ( 364, to 135) respectively.
On s-g-cocompact open set and Continuity
Authors: Al-Abdulla Raad , Jabar Salam
Published: May 2020

Throughout this paper by a space we mean a supra topological space, we have studied some of propertiese to new set is called supra generalize- cocompact open set ( -g-coc-open set)and find the relation with other sets and our concluded anew class of the function called -g-coc-continuous, -g-coc'-continuous, -coc-continuous, -coc'-continuous We shall provided some properties of these concepts and it will explain the relationship among them and some results on this subjects are proved Throughout this work , and new concept have been illustrated including , -coc-ompact space .
Numerical Methods for Solving Optimal Control Problem Using Scaling Boubaker Function
Authors: Alfrdji Eman Hassan Ouda , Ahmed Imad Noah
Published: May 2020

In this paper, the approximation method was used for solving optimal control problem (OCP), two techniques for state parameterization and control parameterization have been considered with the aid of Scaling Polynomials (SBP) represent a new important technique for solving (OCP’s). The algorithms were illustrated by several numerical examples using Matlab program. The results were evaluated and graphed to show the accuracy  of the methods.
A Review of Location Prediction Techniques in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: M. Zaki Salim , Ngadi M. A. , Maznah Kamat  , A. Razak Shukor
Published: May 2020

Predicting future locations of mobile objects has received a lot of attention in research due to its importance in mobile ad hoc networks. The precise location of a mobile node is essential in determining the location of the destination node for the purpose of communication. High mobility of nodes and delay in sending current location affect the accuracy of mobile nodes’ locations. Providing accurate location needs well-designed location prediction technique considers a number of factors that assist in retrieving up-to-date locations. This paper reviews available models: mathematical models and models with neural network and address the problems in location prediction techniques and provides a deep analysis of the good features for improved prediction techniques.
Automated and Continuous Monitoring of Animal Welfare through Digital Alerting
Authors: Do Johnny P , Defensor Erwin B , Ichim Christine V , Lim Maria A , Mechanic Jordan A , Rabe Mark D , Schaevitz Laura R
Published: May 2020

A primary goal in preclinical animal research is respectful and responsible care aimed toward minimizing stress and discomfort while enhancing collection of accurate and reproducible scientific data. Researchers use hands-on clinical observations and measurements as part of routine
husbandry procedures or study protocols to monitor animal welfare. Although frequent assessments ensure the timely identification of animals with declining health, increased handling can result in additional stress on the animal and increased study variability. We investigated whether automated
alerting regarding changes in behavior and physiology can complement existing welfare assessments to improve the identification of animals in pain or distress. Using historical data collected from a diverse range of therapeutic models, we developed algorithms that detect changes in motion
and breathing rate frequently associated with sick animals but rare in healthy controls. To avoid introducing selec- tion bias, we evaluated the performance of these algorithms by using retrospective analysis of all studies occurring over a 31-d period in our vivarium. Analyses revealed that
the majority of the automated alerts occurred prior to or simultaneously with technicians' observations of declining health in animals. Additional analyses performed across the entire duration of 2 studies (animal models of rapid aging and lung metastasis) demonstrated the sensitivity, accuracy,
and utility of automated alerting for detecting unhealthy subjects and those eligible for humane endpoints. The percentage of alerts per total subject days ranged between 0% and 24%, depending on the animal model. Automated alerting effectively complements standard clinical observations to
enhance animal welfare and promote responsible scientific advancement.
Ölüm Bilincine Yönelik Düşünceler Bağlamında Macbeth’in Sinemadaki İzdüşümüne İlişkin Bir İnceleme
Authors: BÜYÜ Melike
Published: May 2020

İnsan için temel hakikat onun ölümlü olmasıdır. İnsan, diğer canlılardan farklı olarak, eylemlerini sonlu olduğunun bilinciyle gerçekleştirir. Ölüm, yaşamın bir anlamının olup olmadığı üzerine bir sorgulamayı açık hale getirir. Sonluluk insana, yaşamın bulunulan an ve zaman içinde değerli ve anlamlı kılınması için bir neden vermektedir. Yaşamın bir sınırının olduğunun bilincine varıldığında, onu değerli ve anlamlı kılmak adına harekete geçme fırsatı yakalanır. Çünkü yaşam geçici ve insan ölümlü olduğuna göre, insan eylemlerini anlamlı kılmanın ve yaşamını haklı çıkarmanın bir yolunu bulmalıdır. Her gün benzer eylemleri sürdürmeye yazgılanan insan, bir gerçeklik olan ölümü göz ardı ettikçe ve ölüme meydan okumadıkça, ona öğretilen değerler, doğrular ve yasalar altında yaşamaya mahkûm olur. Edilginliğini yenemez. Ölüm göz ardı edildiği sürece, sıradan ve anlamsız eylemlerden kurtulmak zorlaşır ve insan kendini aşamaz. Bunun aksine, ölüm bilincine varıldığında, yaşamın anlamsızlığı, acıları, mutsuzlukları veya mutlulukları olumlanarak, varoluşun bir hiçliğe değil, bir değere dönüşmesi sağlanır. Bu bağlamdan yola çıkılarak, çalışmada ölüm bilincinin önemi ve sonluluğun insanın yaşamında asıl değerli yan olduğunu ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Buradan hareketle bu çalışmada, öncelikli olarak, düşünce tarihi boyunca ölüm bilincine dair fikirler ortaya koymuş filozofların düşüncelerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu düşüncelerin izinden gidilerek ilkin Shakespeare’in Macbeth tragedyası üzerinden ve sonrasında Akira Kurosawa’nın Macbeth’in film uyarlaması üzerinden hareket edilerek ölüm bilincinin, varoluş üzerindeki önemi, detaylı bir şekilde incelenerek açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Bir Mutlak Öteki Örneği: Leos Carax Sinemasında Mösyö Merde
Authors: KEŞAPLI Onur
Published: May 2020

Özellikle Soğuk Savaş’ın bitimiyle birlikte kültür ve kimlik kavramlarının sosyal bilimler çalışmalarındaki etkileri artmıştır. Bu durum, öteki sözcüğü ve ötekileştirme eyleminin öne çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Ortaya konulan görüşlerin büyük bölümünde, benlik inşası için ötekiye duyulan ihtiyaçtan söz edilişi, ötekisiz bir varoluşun mümkün olmayacağı önermesine sebep olmaktadır. Dönemi, öteki icadı olarak niteleyen Baudrillard içinse, sözcük en başından beri yalnızca Batı için geçerlidir. Gelinen noktada ise ötekisini yitirmiş Batının vardığı nokta soyut bir kökten ötekidir. Ne var ki, somutluğunu yitirmiş ötekinin haricinde, kültür, kimlik veyahut herhangi bir eğilimle temellenmeyen ancak öteki olarak kodlananlar da vardır. Zaman ve coğrafya fark etmeksizin, Mutlak Öteki olarak kavramsallaştırılabilecek bu gruplarda akıl hastaları, bedensel deformasyon taşıyanlar, kilolular gibi, olağan ve sıradan haricinde görünümlere sahip olanlar vardır. Mutlak Ötekiler dünyanın her yerinde görünüm ve eylemlerle farklılaşmaktadırlar. Çirkin bir görünüm ve kötücül eylemlerle somutlaşan Mutlak Öteki tabirinde dışsallık açısından grotesk, zihniyet bağlamında ise, özellikle Bataille’ın tarif ettiği şekliyle, kötülük kavramları öne çıkmaktadır. Ötekinin klasik tanımları ve ötekileştirme eylemlerinin örneklerine, sinemada, git gide daha çok yer verilir olmuştur. Ancak aynı durum Mutlak Öteki için geçerli değildir. Sinema tarihinde, daha çok grotesk görünüm ve beraberinde hoşgörü talebi içeren örnekler haricinde Mutlak Ötekiyi içeren filmler daha çok yakın dönemde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kariyeri boyunca uç karakterlere yer veren Leos Carax’ın iki filminde yer alan Mösyö Merde, grotesk kötülüğü ile Mutlak Ötekiye esaslı bir örnek teşkil etmektedir. Tokyo! filminin Merde epizodunda Tokyo’da, Kutsal Motorlar filminde ise Paris’te görünen Mösyö Merde, flanörleşerek Mutlak Ötekiyi güncel ve çağdaş uygarlık kıstaslarıyla çarpıştırmaktadır.
INDEKS PENULIS DAN INDEKS SUBYEK VOL. 20
Authors: INDEKS SUBYEK INDEKS PENULIS
Published: May 2020

INDEKS PENULIS DAN INDEKS SUBYEK VOL. 20