bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relation of aortic calcification, wall thickness, and distensibility with severity of coronary artery disease: evaluation with coronary CT angiography
Authors: Jang Seonah , Yong Hwan Seok , Doo Kyung Won , Kang Eun-Young , Woo Ok Hee , Choi Eun Jung
Published: July 2012

Background

Three known risk factors for aortic atherosclerosis predict the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD): aortic calcification (AC), aortic wall thickness (AWT), and aortic distensibility (AD).

Purpose

To determine the relationship of AC, AWT, and AD with the severity of CAD.

Material and Methods

A total of 104 patients who underwent both coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and invasive coronary angiography were enrolled. The severity of CAD was assessed by three methods: the segment involvement score (SIS), the segment stenosis score (SSS), and the modified Gensini score (mG). We quantified AC using the Agatston method on low-dose ungated chest CT (LDCT). We measured AWT at the thickest portion of the descending thoracic aorta on CCTA. AD was calculated as the difference between the maximum and minimum areas of the ascending aorta and the pulse pressure. The relationships between the severity of CAD and the three aortic factors were assessed.

Results

The AC and AWT of the thoracic aorta were significantly higher in the occlusive CAD (OCAD) group (1984.21 ± 2986.10 vs. 733.00 ± 1648.71, P = 0.01; 4.13 ± 1.48 vs. 3.40 ± 1.01, P = 0.22). Patients with OCAD had more than one epicardial coronary artery with >50% luminal stenosis. The AC (r = 0.453 with SIS; r = 0.454 with SSS; r = 0.427 with mG) and the AWT (r = 0.279 with SIS; r = 0.324 with SSS; r = 0.304 with mG) were significantly correlated with all three methods, and the AD was negatively correlated with the SIS (r = − 0.221, P < 0.05, respectively) in the unadjusted model. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, only the correlations between AC and all three methods assessing CAD remained significant.

Conclusion

There are significant relationships between AC, AWT and AD and severity of CAD. In particular, AC measured on LDCT is the most consistent predictor of severity of CAD.
Survey of pediatric MDCT radiation dose from university hospitals in Thailand: a preliminary for national dose survey
Authors: Kritsaneepaiboon Supika , Trinavarat Panruethai , Visrutaratna Pannee
Published: July 2012

Background

Increasing pediatric CT usage worldwide needs the optimization of CT protocol examination. Although there are previous published dose reference level (DRL) values, the local DRLs should be established to guide for clinical practice and monitor the CT radiation.

Purpose

To determine the multidetector CT (MDCT) radiation dose in children in three university hospitals in Thailand in four age groups using the CT dose index (CTDI) and dose length product (DLP).

Material and Methods

A retrospective review of CT dosimetry in pediatric patients (<15 years of age) who had undergone head, chest, and abdominal MDCT in three major university hospitals in Thailand was performed. Volume CTDI (CTDIvol) and DLP were recorded, categorized into four age groups: <1 year, 1–< 5 years, 5–<10 years, and 10–<15 years in each scanner. Range, mean, and third quartile values were compared with the national reference dose levels for CT in pediatric patients from the UK and Switzerland according to International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendation.

Results

Per age group, the third quartile values for brain, chest, and abdominal CTs were, respectively, in terms of CTDIvol: 25, 30, 40, and 45 mGy; 4.5, 5.7, 10, and 15.6 mGy; 8.5, 9, 14, and 17 mGy; and in terms of DLP: 400, 570, 610, and 800 mGy cm; 80, 140, 305, and 470 mGy cm; and 190, 275, 560,765 mGy cm.

Conclusion

This preliminary national dose survey for pediatric CT in Thailand found that the majority of CTDIvol and DLP values in brain, chest, and abdominal CTs were still below the diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) from the UK and Switzerland regarding to ICRP recommendation.
Detection of flat colorectal polyps at screening CT colonography in comparison with conventional polypoid lesions
Authors: Sakamoto Takashi , Mitsuzaki Katsuhiko , Utsunomiya Daisuke , Matsuda Katsuhiko , Yamamura Sadahiro , Urata Joji , Kawakami Megumi , Yamashita Yasuyuki
Published: July 2012

Background

Although the screening of small, flat polyps is clinically important, the role of CT colonography (CTC) screening in their detection has not been thoroughly investigated.

Purpose

To evaluate the detection capability and usefulness of CTC in the screening of flat and polypoid lesions by comparing CTC with optic colonoscopy findings as the gold standard.

Material and Methods

We evaluated the CTC detection capability for flat colorectal polyps with a flat surface and a height not exceeding 3 mm ( n = 42) by comparing to conventional polypoid lesions ( n = 418) according to the polyp diameter. Four types of reconstruction images including multiplanar reconstruction, volume rendering, virtual gross pathology, and virtual endoscopic images were used for visual analysis. We compared the abilities of the four reconstructions for polyp visualization.

Results

Detection sensitivity for flat polyps was 31.3%, 44.4%, and 87.5% for lesions measuring 2–3 mm, 4–5 mm, and ≥6 mm, respectively; the corresponding sensitivity for polypoid lesions was 47.6%, 79.0%, and 91.7%. The overall sensitivity for flat lesions (47.6%) was significantly lower than polypoid lesions (64.1%). Virtual endoscopic imaging showed best visualization among the four reconstructions. Colon cancers were detected in eight patients by optic colonoscopy, and CTC detected colon cancers in all eight patients.

Conclusion

CTC using 64-row multidetector CT is useful for colon cancer screening to detect colorectal polyps while the detection of small, flat lesions is still challenging.
Introducer curving technique to reduce tilting of transfemoral Günther Tulip IVC filter: in vitro study
Authors: Xiao Liang , Wang Man , Huang De-sheng , Shen Jing , Tong Jia-jie
Published: July 2012

Background

Severe tilting of Günther Tulip filter (GTF) may be associated with difficulty in retrieval.

Purpose

To determine if an introducer curving technique of GTF can decrease the tilting degree of GTF in a caval model.

Material and Methods

The model was constructed by placing Dacron grafts in bifurcated glass tubes. The study included three groups: Right Straight Group (G1), Left Straight Group (G2), and Left Curved Group (G3). In G3, a 10–20° angle was curved on the metal introducer before insertion to decrease the angle between inferior vena cava axes and metal introducer (ACM). Before GTF was released, the distance between the caval right wall and the apical hook (DCH1), and ACM were measured. The tilt angle of GTF (ACF) was also measured.

Results

In G1, GTF apex tended to center compared to G2 (59% vs. 36%, P < 0.01). In G3, GTF apex tended to center compared to G2 (71% vs. 36%, P < 0.01). The differences of ACF between G1 and G2 (2.66 ± 1.80 vs. 4.13 ± 2.07, P < 0.01) and between G2 and G3 (4.13 ± 2.07 vs. 2.39 ± 1.79, P < 0.01) were statistically significant. There were significant positive correlations between ACM and ACF, whereas significant negative correlations were detected between DCH1 and ACF in each group.

Conclusion

The oblique course of GTF delivery system relative to the axis of the cava causes filter tilt, and thus, curving the introducer prior to its introduction helps to reduce the filter tilt. We recommend a clinical study to determine whether the introducer curving technique improves filter centering and its retrievability.
A new manganese-based oral contrast agent (CMC-001) for liver MRI: pharmacological and pharmaceutical aspects
Authors: Jørgensen Jan Trøst , Rief Matthias , Brismar Torkel B , Wagner Moritz , Albiin Nils
Published: July 2012

Manganese is one of the most abundant metals on earth and is found as a component of more than 100 different minerals. Besides being an essential trace element in relation to the metabolic processes in the body, manganese is also a paramagnetic metal that possesses similar characteristics to gadolinium with regards to T1-weighted (T1-w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Manganese, in the form of manganese (II) chloride tetrahydrate, is the active substance in a new targeted oral contrast agent, currently known as CMC-001, indicated for hepatobiliary MRI. Under physiological circumstances manganese is poorly absorbed from the intestine after oral intake, but by the use of specific absorption promoters, L-alanine and vitamin D3, it is possible to obtain a sufficiently high concentration in the liver in order to achieve a significant signal enhancing effect. In the liver manganese is exposed to a very high first-pass effect, up to 98%, which prevents the metal from reaching the systemic circulation, thereby reducing the number of systemic side-effects. Manganese is one of the least toxic trace elements, and due to its favorable safety profile it may be an attractive alternative to gadolinium-based contrast agents for patients undergoing an MRI evaluation for liver metastases in the future. In this review the basic pharmacological and pharmaceutical aspects of this new targeted oral hepatobiliary specific contrast agent will be discussed.
Exploring Community Gardens in a Health Disparate Population: Findings from a Mixed Methods Pilot Study
Authors: Zoellner Jamie , Zanko Ashley , Price Bryan , Bonner Jennifer , Hill Jennie L.
Published: July 2012

Background: Despite recommendations, there have been few efforts to apply the community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach in the development, implementation, and evaluation of community gardens. Objectives: As guided by the CBPR approach and grounded in a social-ecological model and behavioral theory, the purpose of this mixed methods study was to understand opinions and interests in developing and implementing a community garden and to understand factors impacting fruit, vegetable, and gardening behaviors. Methods: Community and academic members collaborated to develop and execute this study. The qualitative phase— targeting regional key informants—was designed to elicit perceived benefits and challenges of community gardens at the environmental, community, and individual levels. The quantitative phase targeted low resourced youth and parents and included a variety of validated theory-based questionnaires to understand factors impacting fruit, vegetable, and gardening behaviors. Results: Major benefits of community gardens that emerged from the 10 qualitative interviews included increasing community cohesion and improving nutrition and physical activity factors. The quantitative phase included 87 youth and 67 parents. Across 16 items for fruits and vegetables, the average willingness to try was 1.32 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.40) on a 2-point scale. The majority of youth indicated they would work in a garden ( n = 59; 68%) and eat food grown in their garden ( n = 71; 82%). Among parents, gardening attitude, belief, and self-efficacy scores were all above average; however, gardening intentions were neutral. Conclusion: This research illustrates the successful partnering a community-academic team and has provided the partnership with a clearer lens to conceptualize and launch future regional community garden efforts.
Training of Community Health Workers to Deliver Cancer Patient Navigation to Rural African American Seniors
Authors: Klimmek Rachel K. , Noyes Elizabeth , Edington-Saunders Kristen , Logue Claire , Jones Randy , Wenzel Jennifer
Published: July 2012

Background: Rural African American (AA) seniors may experience significant challenges during cancer treatment. Previous research suggests community health workers (CHWs) can provide effective cancer patient navigation (CPN) support. Objectives: To develop a Train the Trainers (TTT) program for CHWs in rural Central Virginia who would navigate local AA seniors with cancer and train their support persons to provide similar types of assistance. Methods: We conducted focus groups with rural AA seniors, consulted with experienced CHW trainers, recruited and trained CHWs through a combination of online learning and distance education, evaluated the TTT via surveys and focus groups, and hired CHWs to the study team. Results/Lessons Learned: Lessons learned from our TTT experience include the value of incorporating CHW trainers and trainees as full members of the research team. Conclusions: Training should be accessible and flexible, providing trainees community-level resources and enriched educational experiences. Findings have informed a culturally tailored support CHW intervention to address cancer diagnosis and treatment needs for older rural AAs.
Youth-Led Tobacco Prevention: Lessons Learned for Engaging Southeast Asian American Youth
Authors: Lee Juliet P. , Lipperman-Kreda Sharon , Saephan Sang , Kirkpatrick Sean
Published: July 2012

Background: Southeast Asian Americans are highly at risk for tobacco use. Youth-led, environmentally focused tobacco prevention programs have been identified as highly effective in engaging youth in tobacco research and prevention, but may be challenging for the most at-risk youths. Objectives: We report on lessons learned in a pilot tobacco prevention program with Southeast Asian youth in Northern California. Methods: We reviewed meeting notes, participatory research products, and a transcribed focus group with tobacco prevention project participants. Lessons Learned: Challenges to the youths' participation
related to structural issues (limited time, scheduling conflicts,
financial difficulties, aging out of programs) and personal
issues (school and work pressure, family stressors). Coordinating
with ongoing program activities and the county
coalition enabled some supports as well as challenges. Conclusions: Key supports for youth were youth leaders,
social and financial rewards, and the ability to interpret
tobacco prevention information in culturally and age-relevant
media.
Community-Based HIV Clinical Trials: An Integrated Approach in Underserved, Rural, Minority Communities
Authors: Corbie-Smith Giselle , Isler Malika Roman , Miles Margaret Shandor , Banks Bahby
Published: July 2012

Background: Although racial and ethnic minorities have disproportionately high rates of HIV infection, these groups are underrepresented in HIV-related clinical trials. This illustrates the need for more innovation in attempts to engage underrepresented populations in calls for interdisciplinary and translational research. Objectives: Eleven focus groups and 35 interviews were conducted with people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) to explore the perspectives of rural community leaders, service providers, and PLWHA about bringing HIV-related research, including clinical trials, into rural communities. Methods: Over a period of 3 months in spring 2007, we collected qualitative data from three sources: Community leaders, service providers, and PLWHA. Text data were analyzed using the constant comparative method and content analysis techniques of theme identification. Results: Respondents want an integrated approach to HIV research that builds trust, meets community needs, and respects their values. They conceptualize HIV research as part of a broader spectrum of HIV testing, prevention, and care, and suggest integrating HIV trials with existing community services, organizations, and structures, engaging various segments of the community, and conducting research using a personal approach. Conclusions: These findings support calls for more relevant, translational, and engaged research. An integrated approach may be an important innovation to transform the research enterprise to meet these goals and more directly improve the health of individuals.
Views of Biobanking Research Among Alaska Native People: The Role of Community Context
Authors: Hiratsuka Vanessa , Brown Jennifer , Dillard Denise
Published: July 2012

Background: Research using stored clinical data and samples held in biobanks has potential to address health disparities in minority communities. However, ethical and cultural considerations about use of these samples for research warrant attention. Literature about how Alaska Native people (ANs) view biobanking research consists largely of theoretical papers and position statements with limited systematic information gathered from a broad range of ANs. Objectives: To explore the views of biobanking research among AN community members and leaders across Alaska using a community-based participatory research approach with tribal and federal partners. Methods: We approached tribal health organizations (THOs) to partner and guide the study in their regions. Community liaisons were hired to lead study recruitment. Twenty-nine focus groups were conducted in 14 locations with participation from 82 community members and 81 tribal leaders. Data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Results: We identified five themes that contributed to participants' views on biobanking: (1) Prior experiences with research and medical care, (2) stigmatizations, relevance, and applicability, (3) effects of governmental and cultural change, (4) concerns about unknown capability of future technologies, and (5) benefit for future generations. Respondents raised AN-specific cultural concerns along with global ethical concerns alongside the potential promise of research in improving AN health. Conclusions: This study offers considerations for researchers partnering with AN communities when planning research and public health surveillance projects. Findings also have implications for other minority communities harmed by past research and other societal changes.
Mobilizing for Policy: Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Impose Minimum Packaging Requirements on Small Cigars
Authors: Milam Adam J. , Bone Lee , Furr-Holden Debra , Coylewright Megan , Dachille Kathleen , Owings Kerry , Clay Eric , Holmes William , Lambropoulos Soula , Stillman Frances
Published: July 2012

The Problem: Cigarette sales have declined in the United States over the past decade; however, small cigar sales have been rapidly increasing. In most urban areas, small cigars are inexpensive and are sold as singles without health warnings. Purpose of Article: This paper describes a community- academic-practice partnership's (CAPP) efforts to decrease small cigar use in young adults living in Baltimore, Maryland, through legislative strategies. Key Points: Survey data among young adults not in school indicated that 20% of individuals reported current small cigar use, often in combination with cigarettes. The community- academic partnership engaged the community in discussion about small cigar use in the fall of 2007. In collaboration with partners, bills were submitted to the legislative bodies for the city and state to impose minimum packaging requirements on small cigars. Conclusion: Collaborative partnerships between community-based organizations, public health agencies, and academic institutions can lead to policy initiatives with the potential to improve public health.
Joyce in Transit: The “Double Star” Effect of Ulysses
Authors: Kiczek Justin
Published: July 2012

Building on the critical work around “parallax” in Ulysses , this study applies new evidence from Sir Robert Ball’s The Story of the Heavens to the relationship between Stephen and Bloom and the novel in general. In his popular astronomical primer, which inspires Bloom’s queries regarding “parallax,” Ball introduces such phenomena as the transit of Venus and the “double star,” both of which raise questions about the position of bodies within the novel’s space. Ball’s explanation of the “double star” encourages the reader of Ulysses to see the “eclipse” of Bloom and Stephen as only the momentary effect of parallax; by applying this astronomical metaphor to the text as a whole, the reader is reminded of the basic instability of interpretation, which is itself, this study suggests, subject to the laws of time, space, and motion.
Don’t Call Him “Blazes”: Hugh E. Boylan’s Narrative Caricature
Authors: Norris Margot
Published: July 2012

Is the figure of Hugh “Blazes” Boylan in Ulysses a simple caricature, or is there more to him than that? The question invites us to explore what precisely we know about Boylan and how we learn what we know about him. It also prods us to think theoretically about the issue of how character is constructed in a work of fiction, and specifically what features determine whether a character is flat or round—a question that draws our attention to interiority. Given how significantly Boylan’s actions affect the plot and the fate of the Blooms in the novel, it is surprising that Boylan is given less interiority than many other minor characters and emerges generally as a caricature constructed by a small set of repeated features noted chiefly in the thoughts of Bloom and through the descriptions and innuendoes of narrative voices. Does this construction challenge the reader to question the fairness of Boylan’s representation and to distrust the subjectivity that infects his representation? By the end of Molly Bloom’s monologue, we have both a more complicated sense of this figure and a more cautious response to the ways fictional writing may prompt and condition our judgments.
Joyce’s Phoneygraphs: Music, Mediation, and Noise Unleashed
Authors: Epstein Josh
Published: July 2012

This essay considers the interaction between music and noise in Joyce’s narrative texts, arguing that Joyce’s increasing fascination with noise reflects a burgeoning skepticism about music’s formal autonomy and an ear for music’s ideological mystifications. Building on recent works in “sound studies,” which examine sound as a site of anxiety about urbanization and mechanical reproduction, the essay explores Joyce’s abandoned collaboration with the noise-music composer George Antheil on a staging of “Cyclops,” using megaphones and “phoneygraphs.” While “A Painful Case” reflects on the symbiotic relationship between solipsistic music and public noise, A Portrait struggles to detach musical rhythms from their symbolic associations. In unmooring sounds from their referents, however, Stephen leaves music open to the sort of musical misreadings found throughout Ulysses . The admixture of music and noise in Ulysses deflates the bombastic idealism of Wagnerian opera and defamiliarizes music as a “phoneygraph”—a medium and a form of false writing.
The Role of “La Chica Moderna” in Three Post-Revolutionary Mexican Plays
Authors: Saborío Linda
Published: July 2012

Focusing on Concepción Sada, Magdalena Mondragón, and María Luisa Ocampo, this article examines how these three Mexican female playwrights, through their theatrical productions, advocated for women’s advancement in the workplace in a transitioning post-revolutionary Mexican society. In El tercer personaje , Cuando Eva se vuelve Adán , and La virgen fuerte , all three playwrights produce examples of “la chica moderna” through the staging of strong female protagonists who struggle to maintain a profession as doctors without compromising their feminine identity. By acknowledging the valuable participation of professional females in Mexico’s growing capitalist economy and by confirming the femininity of their female protagonists, Sada, Mondragón, and Ocampo offer their audiences an emerging role of “la chica moderna” who is not a masculinized female but instead an empowered female figure capable of participating on an equal level with her male counterparts.
A Nuyorican Absurdist: Pedro Pietri and His Plays of Happy Subversion
Authors: Crespy David
Published: July 2012

Jerzy Grotowski once wrote of the visionary Antonin Artaud, “He wasn’t entirely himself;” the same might be said of the late poet Pedro Pietri—who wasn’t entirely himself since he began writing plays. Pietri’s plays, having been produced in New York since the late sixties, are an example of the wave of Nuyorican theatre in the US prominent at that time— characterized by experimentation in form and the merging of social issues within that form. While others have explored Pietri’s work in tandem with his poetry, the phenomenological approach taken in this essay focuses on his plays and brackets off other concerns, getting at the “thingness” and texture of Pietri’s bizarre farcical dramaturgy, particularly within the context of how it compares to European absurdist technique.
Half-Caste Actresses in Colonial Brazilian Opera Houses
Authors: Brescia Rosana Marreco
Published: July 2012

Operatic and theatrical historians in both Brazil and Portugal frequently mention that around the last quarter of the 18 th century, Queen Maria I forbade women to perform on public stages in Portugal. However, it seems that the impresarios and owners of opera houses in colonial Brazil were unaware of this prohibition, since I have found several references to actresses performing in many of the permanent theatres at the end of the 18 th century and the first decades of the 19 th century. The great majority of these actresses were half-caste women. The most remarkable example is the case of soprano Joaquina Lapinha, prima donna of the Opera Nova in Rio de Janeiro, and probably the only native Luso-American singer to perform in a European theatre in the 18 th century. This article considers the employment of actresses in the opera houses of São Paulo, Vila Rica, Rio de Janeiro, and Porto Alegre, showing how the impresarios of these public theatres managed to provide their companies with the necessary human resources.
Warriors’ Injuries on Red-Figure Vases
Authors: Saunders David
Published: July 2012

To judge from Greek literary sources, to be wounded in the back was shameful, for it connoted that the victim had failed to stand firm in battle and turned to flight. It is of interest, therefore, to survey the numerous representations of battle on Attic red-figure vases to see whether this negative aspect is manifest in the visual realm. It transpires that there is no consistent effort by Athenian vase-painters to imbue back wounds with a pejorative or negative aspect, even when a clearly identifiable enemy is depicted. Much more striking, however, is a clear distinction between deaths on and off the battlefield, and it is with the latter that we may observe a negative presentation of death.

À en juger par les sources littéraires grecques, le fait d’être blessé au dos était honteux, parce qu’il révélait que la victime avait failli à rester ferme dans la bataille et qu’elle s’était retournée pour fuir. Cependant, il est intéressant de parcourir les nombreuses représentations de batailles sur les vases attiques à figure rouge, pour voir si cet aspect négatif est manifeste dans le domaine visuel. Il apparaît qu’il n’y a pas d’effort conséquent de la part des peintres athéniens pour associer les blessures au dos avec un aspect péjoratif ou négatif, et ce, même si un ennemi clairement identifiable est représenté. Beaucoup plus frappante, en fait, est la claire distinction entre les morts sur et hors du champ de bataille; c’est avec ces derniers que nous pouvons observer une présentation négative de la mort.
Rending Others: Ethical Contagio in Seneca’s Thyestes
Authors: Dodson-Robinson Eric
Published: July 2012

External agents play a substantial role in the construction of the self in Seneca’s Thyestes . The intersubjective quality of self-formation for which I argue challenges psychoanalytic interpretations that read Senecan drama in terms of self-constructed identity and internal conflict (Shelton 1977; Segal 1986: 10–17, 34, 223–225; Fitch and McElduff 2002; Schiesaro 2003). References to Stoic materialism and Lacanian theory provide both ancient and modern frameworks for reading the inter-subjective logic of the play. The Fury and the ghost of Tantalus invade and overwhelm Atreus’ ethical agency with the furor that impels his crimes: they initiate the impressions, or pre-emotions, that lead to furor and violence. Atreus’ scelus in turn constitutes his identity. From a Lacanian perspective, the paternal metaphor in the tragedy collapses around Tantalus, who represents a failed figure of the law. When Atreus confronts Thyestes, his uncanny double, in a struggle that calls into question his sexual identity and the paternity of his sons, it precipitates a breakdown between the self and outer world. The contagio of one subject’s agency with the agency of an “other” ironizes autarchic self-construction and dramatizes that what is at stake in acceding to the impetus of another’s emotions is one’s very self.

Les agents extérieurs jouent un rôle substantiel pour la construction du soi dans le Thyeste de Sénèque. La qualité intersubjective de l’autoformation, que je défends, défie les interprétations psychanalytiques, qui lisent le théâtre sénéquien en termes d’identité auto-construite et de conflits internes (Shelton 1977; Segal 1986: 10–17, 34, 223–225; Fitch et McElduff 2002; Schiesaro 2003). Les références au matérialisme stoïcien et à la théorie lacanienne fournissent des modèles à la fois anciens et modernes pour lire la logique intersubjective de la pièce. La Furie et le fantôme de Tantale envahissent et submergent l’instance éthique d’Atrée avec la furor qui le pousse à ses crimes : ils initient les impressions, ou pré-émotions, qui mènent à la furor et à la violence. Quant au scelus d’Atrée, il constitue son identité. D’une perspective lacanienne, la métaphore paternelle dans la tragédie connaît un échec avec Tantale, lequel représente une figure manquée de la loi. Quand Atrée confronte Thyeste, son double inquiétant, dans un combat qui remet en question son identité sexuelle et la paternité de ses fils, cela précipite une rupture entre le soi et le monde extérieur. La contagio de l’instance d’un sujet avec l’instance d’un « autre » tourne en dérision l’auto-construction autarcique et met en lumière que le risque en accédant à l’impulsion émotionnelle d’un autre, c’est de compromettre la sienne propre.
Enduring Visions of Instruction in Academic Libraries: A Review of a Spirited Early Twentieth-Century Discussion
Authors: Gunselman Cheryl , Blakesley Elizabeth
Published: July 2012

Some of the most enduring, and engaging, questions within academic librarianship are those about students and research skills. The vocabulary employed for discussion has evolved, but essential questions—what skills do students need to be taught, who should teach them, and how?—have persisted from the nineteenth century into the twenty-first. This article examines current and historical aspects of these questions, with special focus on an extended early twentieth-century debate between librarian John Cotton Dana and Vassar College history professor Lucy Maynard Salmon about who should provide library instruction: librarians or professors?
Performance-based Assessment in an Online Course: Comparing Different Types of Information Literacy Instruction
Authors: Mery Yvonne , Newby Jill , Peng Ke
Published: July 2012

This study investigates whether the type of instruction (a single face-to-face librarian-led instruction, instructor-led instruction, or an online IL course - the Online Research Lab) has an impact on student information literacy gains in a Freshman English Composition program. A performance-based assessment was carried out by analyzing bibliographies in a required controversy paper. Descriptive, correlation, and regression analysis showed that the type of instruction did impact the quality of the bibliographies. Students in the online IL course had higher quality bibliographies than those students who received a one-session face-to-face instruction.
Implementing the Customer Contact Center: An Opportunity to Create a Valid Measurement System for Assessing and Improving a Library's Telephone Services
Authors: Murphy Sarah Anne , Cerqua Judith
Published: July 2012

A customer contact center offers academic libraries the ability to consistently improve their telephone, e-mail, and IM services. This paper discusses the establishment of a contact center and the benefits of implementing the contact center model at this institution. It then introduces a practical methodology for developing a valid measurement system to assess employees' handling of a contact center's telephone calls and subsequent training needs. When implemented effectively, a contact center can efficiently provide service while maximizing customer satisfaction.
Incoming Graduate Students in the Social Sciences: How Much Do They Really Know About Library Research?
Authors: Monroe-Gulick Amalia , Petr Julie
Published: July 2012

Academic librarians provide information literacy instruction and research services to graduate students. To develop evidence-based library instruction and research services for incoming graduate students, the authors interviewed fifteen incoming graduate students in the social sciences and analyzed the interviews using the Association of College & Research Libraries Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education (ACRL Standards). This article discusses the findings, including the authors' assumptions of student information illiteracy, trends noted during the interview analysis, and implications for delivering information literacy training to graduate students in a group discussion modality.
Flower Fisting
Authors: François Anne-Lise
Published: July 2012

This essay asks about the fate of flowers in an age of colony collapse disorder and market-driven industrial agriculture. From human hand-pollination to the genetic selection of self-pollinating crops, contemporary responses to CCD bring to ironic conclusion certain tropes of flowers as figures of deceit, mortality, transience, and appearance without substance. Taking "flowers" to signify a special openness to contingency and potentiality, the essay examines the irony whereby global capital both disseminates this openness as "precarization" and threatens to destroy it by enforcing an ever more rigid monopoly on the reproduction of certain life forms.
Getting the Make: Japanese Skateboarder Videography and the Entranced Ethnographic Lens
Authors: Dixon Dwayne
Published: July 2012

Using Jean Rouch's concept of the ciné-transe , this essay argues that the camera transforms the relations between the anthropologist and the field site through movement and the filmic encounter. Critical focus on the camera/body assemblage shifts attention from the fetish of the recorded image and onto the subject and researcher's haptic experience with and through visual technology. This essay specifically examines how movement, media, and visual ethnographic methods intersect around the video practices of Japanese skateboarders. With cameras as the primary tools and the subjects of the research, the ciné-transe is reimagined as a mode of social being and anthropological data.
Re-thinking "Non-retinal Literature": Citation, "Radical Mimesis," and Phenomenologies of Reading in Conceptual Writing
Authors: Goldman Judith
Published: July 2012

This article discusses the self-characterizations of the contemporary North American school of Conceptual writing, arguing that certain exponents of Conceptualism disavow a relation to Language writing, claiming an alternate predecessor in Conceptual art. The article in turn posits that the appropriative technique of "reframing" used by Conceptualists has been under-theorized, given its importance as a compositional strategy of unreadability, and in turn approaches the Conceptual textual readymade as "strategic medium translation" (one form of "medium envy"). Tracing other modes of radical mimesis in Conceptualism that shadow economic phenomena, the article analyzes works by Robert Fitterman as exemplary of radical mimesis critical of digital capitalism.
An Analysis of Differential Migration Patterns in the Black Belt and the New South
Authors: Ambinakudige Shrinidhi , Parisi Domenico , Grice Steven M.
Published: July 2012

Recientemente el Sur se ha convertido en un importante centro económico y en un imán de población en los Estados Unidos. Este estudio examina si el Cinturón Negro, una región históricamente en depresión en el Sur, ha experimentado un renacimiento similar. El estudio también examina cómo los factores locales influyen en forma diferencial migrantes del Cinturón Negro e inmigrantes de fuera de la del Sur. El estudio identifica principales puntos clave para el Cinturón Negro y migrantes que no son del Negro Cinturón. Los datos provienen de los archivos de migración interna anuales desde 1996 hasta 2007 compilados por el Servicio de Impuestos Internos y la Oficina del Censo de EE.UU. Los datos muestran que tanto el Cinturón Negro como el resto del Sur experimentaron un flujo neto de inmigrantes de otras regiones de EE.UU. Sin embargo, el Cinturón Negro tuvo una pérdida neta de población hacia otras regiones más prósperas en el Sur. Los datos también muestran que los puntos claves del Sur para los migrantes provenientes del Cinturón Negro son diferentes a los de los de los migrantes que no provienen del Cinturón Negro. Los hallazgos apoyan una conclusión: el crecimiento de la población del Nuevo Sur es provocada en gran medida debido a los cambios en los flujos migratorios de los migrantes del Cinturón Negro.
Transforming Mount Airy into Mayberry: Film-Induced Tourism as Place-Making
Authors: Alderman Derek H. , Benjamin Stefanie K. , Schneider Paige P.
Published: July 2012

El turismo inducido por el cine es cada vez más popular en los Estados Unidos y el mundo. Los académicos han tendido a enfatizar el efecto de las películas y la televisión en la formación de la imagen de los destinos turísticos, los cuales influyen en la motivación y la experiencia de viajero. En este artículo, movemos la discusión sobre el turismo de cine más allá de simplemente la formación de imágenes de lugares para considerar en el contexto más amplio la formación de lugares. Tal perspectiva ofrece un reconocimiento más completo de los efectos y prácticas materiales, sociales, y simbólicas que subyace la construcción de los destinos turísticos de cine y sus identidades de lugar, así como las ideologías, las relaciones de poder y las desigualdades que se inscriben en el proceso de transformación de lugares. Nos centramos en el turismo de cine en Mount Airy, Carolina del Norte, el lugar de nacimiento del actor de televisión Andy Griffith, y profundizamos en la reconstrucción de su ciudad natal en una versión simulada de Mayberry. Griffith popularizó la ciudad ficticia de Mayberry en su serie de televisión de 1960, quién continua resonando entre los fans de la serie. Mount Airy se comercializa a los visitantes como “el Mayberry de la vida real,” a pesar de que Griffith ha dicho lo contrario, y la ciudad organiza anualmente el Festival de los Tiempos de Mayberry, el cual hemos visitado y fotografiado en 2010. Una interpretación preliminar se ofrece de los cambios en el paisaje, comportamientos corporales, y las tensiones y contradicciones sociales asociadas con la reconstrucción de Mount Airy en Mayberry. También afirmamos la necesidad de abordar la responsabilidad social y la sostenibilidad de esta transformación, especialmente en términos de los sentidos de lugar en competencia en Mount Airy, cambios generacionales y raciales en el mercado de viajes, y la forma en que los afroamericanos son potencialmente marginados en esta fusión de lo “real” y el “guión.”
“Where Can I Build My Student Housing?”: The Politics of Studentification in Athens-Clarke County, Georgia
Authors: Pickren Graham
Published: July 2012

En junio de 2001, los 500 habitantes de la comunidad manufacturera Garden Springs en el Condado de Athens Clarke, Georgia fueron notificados de que el terreno en donde se ubicaban sus casas se habían vendido con el propósito de desarrollar un complejo de apartamentos de lujo dirigido a estudiantes de la Universidad de Georgia. El resultado de este cambio en el uso del suelo fue el desplazamiento de 101 familias y la dispersión de una comunidad de clase trabajadora racialmente diversa, muchos de los cuales eran inmigrantes latinos/as. Utilizando un análisis de estudio de caso de Garden Springs y de la comunidad que le sustituyó ( The Lodge of Athens ), este trabajo intenta conceptualizar mejor el papel contingente de estudiantes universitarios dentro de las políticas urbanas de desarrollo y renovación, ofreciendo una visión de cómo la ubicación y el tipo de alojamiento para estudiantes ha impactado y se ha cruzado con las luchas políticas locales sobre el uso del suelo. Este estudio complementa los nuevos debates sobre las geografías de los estudiantes y el fenómeno de la studentification.
Biglycan
Authors: Nastase Madalina V. , Young Marian F. , Schaefer Liliana
Published: July 2012

Research over the past few years has provided fascinating results indicating that biglycan, besides being a ubiquitous structural component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), may act as a signaling molecule. Proteolytically released from the ECM, biglycan acts as a danger signal signifying tissue stress or injury. As a ligand of innate immunity receptors and activator of the inflammasome, biglycan stimulates multifunctional proinflammatory signaling linking the innate to the adaptive immune response. By clustering several types of receptors on the cell surface and orchestrating their downstream signaling events, biglycan is capable to autonomously trigger sterile inflammation and to potentiate the inflammatory response to microbial invasion. Besides operating in a broad biological context, biglycan also displays tissue-specific affinities to certain receptors and structural components, thereby playing a crucial role in bone formation, muscle integrity, and synapse stability at the neuromuscular junction. This review attempts to provide a concise summary of recent data regarding the involvement of biglycan in the regulation of inflammation and the musculoskeletal system, pointing out both a signaling and a structural role for this proteoglycan. The potential of biglycan as a novel therapeutic target or agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and skeletal muscular dystrophies is also addressed.
Switching code and changing social identities in face-to-face interaction
Authors: Sophocleous Andry
Published: July 2012

This study investigates code-switching and identity construction in the bidialectal context of Cyprus. The significance of this study lies in pinpointing the fact that the relationship between Greek-Cypriots’ two main varieties is a multifaceted one that deserves more attention, especially because apart from standard-dialect switching, dialect shifting is also employed to discursively express alignment or non-alignment. Specifically, this study examines code-switching from a sociolinguistic perspective to explore how individual speakers use code-switching to project their personal identity in moment to moment interaction. Furthermore, code-switching is also examined in relation to audience change and social identity. Data gathered via observations, note taking and voice recordings suggest that close analysis of speakers’ switching patterns can contribute to our understanding of why and how people code-switch. The main findings emerging from this paper illustrate that code-switching is used to ‘voice’ the ‘other’, express power or solidarity, or even transmit a ‘hidden’ message to ingroup members during interaction. Code-switching is an interactional practice and can be used in multiple ways depending on the factors being salient in a specific moment in interaction. Consequently, the analysis and understanding of speakers’ code-switching practices should be approached in discursive social action.
Talking in the temple: a case study of language use and attitudes in the Shree Raam Mandir in Wijchen, The Netherlands
Authors: Kroon Sjaak , Kurvers Jeanne , Remie Renate
Published: July 2012

This paper presents a case study of the Hindustani community attending the Shree Raam Mandir in Wijchen, the largest Hindu temple in the Netherlands. On the basis of a questionnaire, in-depth interviews and observations, data were gathered about oral and written use of and attitudes towards the three main languages of the community, i.e., Dutch, Sarnami and Hindi. Our findings reveal that Dutch is the high-status and main public language of the Hindustani community in Wijchen, both in spoken and in written form. Sarnami, an informal and mainly oral language, has a rather low status and is still used in the community by the older generation. Hindi, the language of Hinduism, however, is highly valued by the community, although it is hardly known and therefore hardly used by its members. These outcomes, all showing Dutch steadily gaining ground on Sarnami and Hindi, are discussed within the wider framework of the double migration history of the Hindustani community, and of religion and identity.
Cuban Spanish in the US context: linguistic and social constraints on the variation of syllable-final (r) among Cuban newcomers
Authors: Alfaraz Gabriela G.
Published: July 2012

Immigrants from Spanish-speaking countries bring their varieties of Spanish to the US and contribute to the ongoing development of those varieties in the new setting. In this paper, the variation of syllable final (r) is investigated in a group of Cuban immigrants in Miami. It reports on the linguistic and social factors that constrain variation of four variants (retention, assimilation, lateralization, and aspiration), particularly their generational and social distributions, with the goal of examining factors that contribute to negative perceptions of the island variety among Cubans in Miami (Alfaraz 2002). The findings indicated that the variants of (r) are constrained by a combination of linguistic and social factors, with following phonetic context having the strongest influence on retention, lateralization, and aspiration, but not on assimilation, on which generation had the strongest influence. For the four variants, generational differences were found: the older generation favored retention and aspiration, whereas the younger one favored assimilation and lateralization. The role of this distribution in shaping evaluations of the island variety is discussed.
O contexto social da aprendizagem de gerentes
Authors: Silva Anielson Barbosa da
Published: July 2012

O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a influência do contexto social na aprendizagem gerencial. Existem várias abordagens teóricas para compreender como os gerentes aprendem, e no artigo discutem-se algumas dessas perspectivas, focalizando uma perspectiva interacionista que destaca a interação com o ambiente e o contexto como mediadores do processo de aprendizagem. A aprendizagem gerencial é uma abordagem que surgiu para suprir um gap entre a teoria e a prática da educação e do desenvolvimento gerencial. Existem evidências de que a aprendizagem não é apenas um fenômeno individual, mas coletivo, e que ocorre em um contexto de participação social. Conclui-se que os programas de aprendizagem gerencial devem buscar compatibilizar o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos técnicos vinculados à educação com o desenvolvimento de habilidades gerenciais e a mudança nas perspectivas de significados, por meio da vivência de experiências em situações ricas em aprendizagem, revelando o seu caráter transformador e emancipatório.
Stabilisation of Combe Down stone mines, Somerset, UK
Authors: Adamson David , Francis Alan
Published: July 2012

Two centuries of mining Bath limestone in Somerset, UK left a huge underground void just beneath the village of Combe Down. As its thousands of rock pillars degenerated, a growing collapse risk led to one of the country's largest local government civil engineering projects of the past decade. This paper explains how Bath and North East Somerset Council worked closely with the local community to develop a solution which involved carefully pumping over 600 000 m3 of foamed concrete into the mine with minimal social and environmental impact. The project also set several new good-practice benchmarks for public-sector construction.